gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can body mass index can be replaced by mid upper arm circumference (2016)

Background: Body-mass-index (BMI) is widely accepted as an indicator of nutritional status in adults. Mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC) is another anthropometric-measure. The present study attempted to evaluate the correlation between BMI and MUAC. Aim: To assess Nourishment Using Body Mass Index and Mid Upper Arm Circumference in Apparently Healthy Population and its Correlation. Setting and Design: The study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Nellore by using a descriptive design. Materials and Methods: A total of 1527 samples were included in this study. Among this, 1232 samples belongs to rural area and 292 samples belongs to urban area by using convenience sampling technique. Statistical Analysis Used: The collected data was organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive data like mean, standard deviation, actual numbers and percentages. Chi-square test, ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test was used appropriately. A p value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Shows that with regard to nutritional status assesed by mid upper arm circumference versus urban and rural areas in rural areas out of 1235 adults 378(95.94%) are malnourished, 857(75.64%) are normal and in urban areas out of 292 adults 16(4,06%) are malnourished and 276(24.36%) are normal. The correlation between mid upper arm circumference and body mass index value is 1. It shows a Perfect positive correlation between MUAC and BMI. Conclusion: The results show a strong correlation between BMI and MUAC. This finding lays the ground for the suitability of MUAC as an indicator of nutritional status in adult.
Using LDPC coding and AMC to mitigate received power imbalance in carrier aggregation communication system (2011)

When a carrier aggregation communication system suffers from receiving power imbalance (RPI) in its antenna array due to design flaw, operator's negligence etc. the system performance may be degraded to an unacceptable level. Specifically in this paper a carrier aggregation communication system with two carrier links while one link suffers RPI is considered, various modulation techniques, such as QPSK, 16 QAM and 64 QAM and/or coding schemes, Convolution Code (CC) and Low Density Parity Check Code (LDPC) are implemented in the system performance simulation to investigate the system behavior when it has the design request to maintain the same system performance in each link when the RPI has values of 7 or 10dB.
Painful limping and early death (2011)

If people with a painful limp would take more exercise, they would live longer; that is the perverse conclusion of a cohort study and accompanying editorial.1 2 Most people with a painful limp would find this suggestion unhelpful.

Neither article makes much of the overwhelming dominance of age as …
1.52 &#x03BC;m photoluminescence from InAs quantum dots grown on patterned GaAs buffer (2008)

InAs patterned QDs (PQDs) preferentially nucleate on faceted GaAs pyramidal buffers using selective area epitaxy by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The photoluminescence (PL) wavelength is shown to be controlled by a single growth parameter, the growth time, without affecting the density of PQDs. Strong room temperature PL emissions over 1.5 mum from PQDs are demonstrated. The long wavelength emission is attributed to the large QD size and the partial strain energy relaxation of PQDs.
Highly efficient gel-state dye-sensitized solar cells prepared using poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl acetate) based polymer electrolytes (2013)

Poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl acetate) (PAN-VA) is utilized as a gelation agent to prepare gel-state electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. Based on the synergistic effect of PAN-VA and TiO(2) fillers in the electrolyte, the gel-state DSSC can achieve a conversion efficiency higher than that of a liquid counterpart. The high performance of the gel-electrolyte is attributed to the in situ gelation property of the gel-electrolyte, the contribution of the PAN-VA to the charge transfer, as well as the enhancement effect of TiO(2) fillers on the charge transfer at the Pt-electrolyte interface. The experimental results show that the efficiencies of the gel-state cells have little dependence on the conductivity of the electrolytes with various contents of PAN-VA, but are closely related to the penetration situation of the electrolyte in the TiO(2) film. For PAN-VA concentrations ≤15 wt%, the electrolyte can be easily injected at room temperature based on its in situ gelation property. For higher PAN-VA concentrations, good penetration of the high viscous electrolyte can be achieved by elevating the operation temperature. By utilizing a heteroleptic ruthenium dye (coded CYC-B11), gel-state DSSCs with an efficiency of above 10% are obtained. Acceleration tests show that the cell is stable under one-sun illumination at 60 °C.
A facile approach to develop industrial waste encapsulated cryogenic alginate beads to sequester toxic bivalent heavy metals (2019)

Herein, a solid industrial waste management approach converting silico-manganese fumes (SMF) waste to SMF impregnated cryogenic alginate beads (SMFCAB) and its applicability to remove potentially toxic cadmium Cd(II) and lead Pb(II) was proposed. Infra-red, elemental, and XPS analysis data supported the formation SMFCAB. Morphologically, pristine SMFCAB surface was synonymous to cauliflower with agglomerated and interconnected particles. The respective XPS spectral peaks for Cd(II) and Pb(II) at 408 and 144.5 eV binding energies confirmed their adsorption on SMFCAB. The adsorption was pH dependent, with maximum uptakes at pH: 5.5 (for Pb(II)) and 7.2 (for Cd(II)). Contact time studies depicts comparatively rapid Pb(II) adsorption, accomplishing 72% adsorption in 10 min, while only 50% Cd(II) adsorption was accomplished within same time slot. The adsorption data at varied temperatures was fitted to Freundlich isotherm model, while kinetics data was fitted to pseudo-second-order model. Exothermic adsorption process with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities (qm) on SMFCAB were 200 mg/g (for Pb(II)) and 178.6 (for Cd(II)) at 298 K. Hydrochloric acid (0.01 M) eluted maximum amount of metal ions.
Sequential Change in T2* Values of Cartilage, Meniscus, and Subchondral Bone Marrow in a Rat Model of Knee Osteoarthritis (2013)

Quantitative MR T2* measurements of OA-related tissues are feasible. Sequential change in T2* over time in cartilage, meniscus, and subchondral bone marrow were documented. This information could be potentially useful for in vivo monitoring of disease progression.
Boleo Cobalt Electrowinning Development (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Bench Scale Experimental Setup Effect of Cobalt Raw Materials on Cobalt Button Quality Effect of pH and Temperature Use of Anti-Pitting Agents Cobalt Deposition Stress Conductivity of CoSO4-Na2SO4-H2SO4 Solutions Conclusions Acknowledgements
Linear Ladder-Type π-Conjugated Polymers Composed of Fused Thiophene Ring Systems (2004)

A novel carbon−sulfur (C2S) analogue of polyacene has been synthesized and characterized. The polymer is composed of a nondegenerate trans−cisoid polyacetylene backbone in which all hydrogen atoms are replaced with sulfur atoms to form thiophene rings that are fused into a linear cross-conjugated ladder-type structure. The newly developed synthetic route of the ladder-type polymer is based on an intramolecular condensation of a prepolymer consisting of 3-(alkane-1-sulfinyl)thiophen-2,5-diyl units in triflic acid. The geometric and band electronic structure of the ladder-type polymer were calculated and analyzed at the PM5 level of theory. The fused ring structure imposes strong quinonoid-type character to the originally benzenoid polyene backbone, which destabilizes the HOMO and stabilizes the LUMO and thus reduces the band gap. The shift of absorption and emission maxima to longer wavelengths responding to lower π−π* transition energies than those of polythiophene and the smaller gap between electrochemical p- and n-doping potentials are consistent with the reduction of the band gap. The microstructure of the isolated oligomers in their neutral, singly oixidzed, and doubly oxidized states were computed for short and intermediate chain length. Various energetic and structural aspects of the convergence behavior from the properties of small cations or dications to those of an isolated polaronic or bipolaronic defects on a sufficiently long chain were monitored and are discussed. The geometric structures of the p-doped ladder-type polymer in the form of either polaron or bipolaron were calculated by adopting suitable boundary conditions to represent charged unit cells. The geometry relaxation process for the charged ladder-type backbone induces the appearance of a stronger quinonoidic character than that in the case of polythiophene, which suggests that the fused rings more easily adopt quinonoid forms than thiophene rings. Calculated energetic aspects of the doping behavior and the paramagnetic resonance spectra of p-doped polymers revealed that the ladder-type polymer possesses polaron as the prevailing charged species, in contrast to many other π-conjugated polymers where bipolaron is the lowest-energy charge storage configuration.
Transcriptional activity of the zinc finger protein NGFI-A is influenced by its interaction with a cellular factor. (1993)

NGFI-A is an immediate-early gene that encodes a transcription factor whose DNA-binding domain is composed of three zinc fingers. To define the domains responsible for its transcriptional activity, a mutational analysis was conducted with an NGFI-A molecule in which the zinc fingers were replaced by the GAL4 DNA-binding domain. In a cotransfection assay, four activation domains were found within NGFI-A. Three of the activation domains are similar to those characterized previously: one contains a large number of acidic residues, another is enriched in proline and glutamine residues, and another has some sequence homology to a domain found in Krox-20. The fourth bears no resemblance to previously described activation domains. NGFI-A also contains an inhibitory domain whose removal resulted in a 15-fold increase in NGFI-A activity. This increase in activity occurred in all mammalian cell types tested but not in Drosophila S2 cells. Competition experiments in which increasing amounts of the inhibitory domain were cotransfected along with NGFI-A demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in NGFI-A activity. A point mutation within the inhibitory domain of the competitor (I293F) abolished this property. When the analogous mutation was introduced into native NGFI-A, a 17-fold increase in activity was observed. The inhibitory effect therefore appears to be the result of an interaction between this domain and a titratable cellular factor which is weakened by this mutation. Downmodulation of transcription factor activity through interaction with a cellular factor has been observed in several other systems, including the regulation of transcription factor E2F by retinoblastoma protein, and in studies of c-Jun.
Multilevel sparse functional principal component analysis (2014)

We consider analysis of sparsely sampled multilevel functional data, where the basic observational unit is a function and data have a natural hierarchy of basic units. An example is when functions are recorded at multiple visits for each subject. Multilevel functional principal component analysis (MFPCA; Di <i>et al.</i> 2009) was proposed for such data when functions are densely recorded. Here we consider the case when functions are sparsely sampled and may contain only a few observations per function. We exploit the multilevel structure of covariance operators and achieve data reduction by principal component decompositions at both between and within subject levels. We address inherent methodological differences in the sparse sampling context to: 1) estimate the covariance operators; 2) estimate the functional principal component scores; 3) predict the underlying curves. Through simulations the proposed method is able to discover dominating modes of variations and reconstruct underlying curves well even in sparse settings. Our approach is illustrated by two applications, the Sleep Heart Health Study and eBay auctions.
Learning-based feedforward augmentation for steady state rejection of residual dynamics on a nanometer-accurate planar actuator system (2021)

Growing demands in the semiconductor industry result in the need for enhanced performance of lithographic equipment. However, position tracking accuracy of high precision mechatronics is often limited by the presence of disturbance sources, which originate from unmodelled or unforeseen deterministic environmental effects. To negate the effects of these disturbances, a learning based feedforward controller is employed, where the underlying control policy is estimated from experimental data based on Gaussian Process regression. The proposed approach exploits the property of including prior knowledge on the expected steady state behaviour of residual dynamics in terms of kernel selection. Corresponding hyper-parameters are optimized using the maximization of the marginalized likelihood. Consequently, the learned function is employed as augmentation of the currently employed rigid body feedforward controller. The effectiveness of the augmentation is experimentally validated on a magnetically levitated planar motor stage. The results of this paper demonstrate the benefits and possibilities of machine-learning based approaches for compensation of static effects, which originate from residual dynamics, such that position tracking performance for moving-magnet planar motor actuators is improved.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Protecting Method for the Individual Hydroxyl Groups of KDN. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Understanding of the key factors influencing the properties of emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate (2022)

Emulsions can be easily destabilized under various conditions during preparation and storage. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors that influence the stability of emulsions, which is essential for their subsequent studies. Sodium caseinate (CAS) is a well-used nutritional and functional ingredient in emulsion preparation due to its good solubility and emulsifying properties. CAS-stabilized emulsions can be considered good food emulsion delivery systems, but their applications are still limited under certain conditions due to their instability to creaming and aggregation. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a complete overview of how different environmental stresses and processing conditions affect the stability of CAS-stabilized emulsions and how to improve their stability. Initially, the general properties of CAS as emulsifiers and the characterization of CAS-stabilized oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions were summarized. Second, the major instability mechanisms that operate in CAS-stabilized emulsions were presented. Furthermore, the general factors such as pH, emulsifier concentration, ionic strength, oxidation, and processing conditions, affecting the stability of CAS-stabilized O/W emulsion, were discussed. On this basis, the commonly used methods for evaluating emulsion stability are introduced. Finally, state-of-the-art strategies to improve CAS-based emulsion stability are also described and summarized. This review is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the future applications of CAS in food emulsions.
Human Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Remain Viable and Metabolically Active Following Needle Passage (2016)

Human, culture-expanded AMSCs maintain their viability, proliferative capacity, and metabolic function following passage through needles as small as 30-gauge at constant flow rates of 4 mL/min, despite an early, nonspecific stress/cytoprotective response. These initial findings suggest that culture-expanded AMSCs should tolerate the injection process during most cell-based therapeutic interventions.
Copolycarbonates and Poly(arylates) Derived from Hydrolytically Stable Phosphine Oxide Comonomers (1995)

Hydrolytically stable bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide was synthesized and utilized to produce high molecular weight polycarbonate and aromatic polyester copolymers. The glass transition temperature increased from about 150°C for the control bisphenol-A polycarbonate system to 186°C for the 50 wt. percent copolymer. The char yield via dynamic TGA in air increased from 0% for the control to 30% at 700°C for the 50% copolymer. The homopolymer had a Tg of 202°C, but only low molecular weight was achieved. In contrast, tough, transparent, high Tg polyarylates were prepared with terephthaloyl chloride that had a high char yield in air. Transparency and toughness were maintained in the copolymers, and the char yield in air increased significantly with phosphorus concentration. The materials are being characterized as improved fire resistant transparent systems and initial cone calorimetry studies do show that the heat release rate is significantly decreased. The residual carbon monoxide concentration does increase, which is consistent with the incomplete combustion.
Figure S4 from Delivering Type I Interferon to Dendritic Cells Empowers Tumor Eradication and Immune Combination Treatments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combination treatments of B16 tumors with Clec9A-mAFN do not cause toxicity, in contrast to combinations with WT mIFN.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Tables from RIP1–HAT1–SIRT Complex Identification and Targeting in Treatment and Prevention of Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,5‐Dideoxy‐3‐O‐(α‐D‐mannopyranosyl)‐1,5‐imino‐D‐ mannitol (XI) and 1,5‐Dideoxy‐3‐O‐(α‐D‐glucopyranosyl)‐1,5‐imino‐ D‐mannitol (IX): Powerful Inhibitors of Endomannosidase. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rheology of Composite Restoratives (1981)

The components of Adaptic and Nuva-fil have been found to be the most viscous, while those of Concise were found to be the least viscous. The viscosity of setting systems revealed Adaptic to be the most viscous overall and Profile the least. All components and setting materials were shown to be pseudoplastic, with flow properties most likely controlled by the resin phase. The cone and plate have been found to be a feasible method for working time determination, with Profile having an extended working period, compared to the other systems tested.
Nonprecious Bimetallic Sites Coordinated on N‐Doped Carbons with Efficient and Durable Catalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction (2020)

Developing efficient, inexpensive, and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important for the large-scale commercialization of fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Herein, a hierarchically porous bimetallic Fe/Co single-atom-coordinated N-doped carbon (Fe/Co-N<sub>x</sub> -C) electrocatalyst for ORR is synthesized from Fe/Co-coordinated polyporphyrin using silica template-assisted and silica-protection synthetic strategies. In the synthesis, first silica nanoparticles-embedded, silica-protected Fe/Co-polyporphyrin is prepared. It is then pyrolyzed and treated with acidic solution. The resulting Fe/Co-N<sub>x</sub> -C material has a large specific surface area, large electrochemically active surface area, good conductivity, and catalytically active Fe/Co-N<sub>x</sub> sites. The material exhibits a very good electrocatalytic activity for the ORR in alkaline media, with a half-wave potential of 0.86 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which is better than that of Pt/C (20 wt%). Furthermore, it shows an outstanding operational stability and durability during the reaction. A zinc-air battery (ZAB) assembled using Fe/Co-N<sub>x</sub> -C as an air-cathode electrocatalyst gives a high peak power density (152.0 mW cm<sup>-2</sup> ) and shows a good recovery property. Furthermore, the performance of the battery is better than a corresponding ZAB containing Pt/C as an electrocatalyst. The work also demonstrates a synthetic route to a highly active, stable, and scalable single-atom electrocatalyst for ORR in ZABs.
Silver Atom Off-Centering in Diamondoid Solid Solutions Causes Crystallographic Distortion and Suppresses Lattice Thermal Conductivity (2023)

The class I–III–VI2 diamondoid compounds with tetrahedral bonding are important semiconductors widely applied in optoelectronics. Understanding their heat transport properties and developing an effective method to predict the diamondoid solid solutions’ thermal conductivity will help assess their impact as thermoelectrics. In this work, we investigated in detail the heat transport properties of CuGa1–xInxTe2 and Cu1–xAgxGaTe2 and found that in the Ag-alloyed solid solutions, the Ag atom off-centering effect results in crystallographic distortion and extra strong acoustic–optical phonon scattering and an extremely low lattice thermal conductivity. Moreover, we integrate the alloy scattering and the off-centering effect with the crystallographic distortion parameter to develop a modified Klemens model that predicts the thermal conductivity of diamondoid solid solutions. Finally, we demonstrate that Cu1–xAgxGaTe2 solid solutions are promising p-type thermoelectric materials, with a maximum ZT of 1.23 at 850 K for Cu0.58Ag0.4GaTe2.
A Multi-Analytical Approach for the Surface Reactivity Characterisation of Pristine NMC811: Towards Gassing Comprehension (2020)

The urgent demand of the EV industry for high energy density cathode materials is currently leading the battery market towards Ni-rich NMCs. Despite that, the gassing phenomenon that affects these materials has huge impacts on their electrochemical properties and causes security issues that prevent the commercialization of 80% Ni-rich NMC. In order to obtain a fundamental understanding of this gassing generation, we decided to focus on the surface reactivity of the pristine NMC811 provided by Umicore, with emphasis on the material surface’s and bulk’s changes during the native contamination layer formation. A multi-analytical approach is thus required to analyse all the aspects of such a complex system. The sapient use of high field 7 Li MAS-NMR allowed us to successfully filter the signal of the diamagnetic compounds at the surface of the material and to quantify the corresponding environments. The speciation of these compounds, not being possible by MAS-NMR, was defined by low temperature XPS experiments. It was thence possible to characterise the reactive surface of the primary particles in contact with this contamination layer at the nanometric scale by STEM-EELS with both high energy and high spatial resolutions. The oxidation state and the crystalline phase were successfully determined crossing the high quality experimental spectra recorder with the K2 counting direct detector (Gatan) installed on our new Themis Z G3 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and EELS edges simulations. On the other hand, low field 1 H MAS-NMR gave us a new insight on the proton environments enabling us to clearly see the presence of a proton chemically bonded inside the material for the first time and to correlate it with the surface reactivity investigated with the other techniques. The combined use of these advanced characterisation techniques, all available in the IMN, allowed us to shed a new light on the understanding of the pristine industrial NMC811 with always the same material history.