gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A spontaneous 99-kb chromosomal deletion results in multi-antibiotic susceptibility and an attenuation of contact haemolysis in Shigella flexneri 2a (1996)

A Tn5-generated mutant (strain S2430) of Shigella flexneri 2a (strain YSH6000) exhibited attenuated virulence and, in addition to the Tn5 insertion in the SalI K fragment of its virulence plasmid, had a 99-kb deletion within its chromosome. Unlike its wild-type parent, strain S2430 was susceptible to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. An independent multi-antibiotic susceptible variant of strain YSH6000 had a similar deletion. Southern blot analysis of pulsed field electrophoresis gels enabled the sizing of this deletion and its mapping to a region of the chromosome on NotI fragment D bounded by the S. flexneri homologues of ompA and pyrC. Hybridisation experiments with a probe specific to the multi-antibiotic resistance region indicated that this large deletion was responsible for antibiotic susceptibility. Both strain S2430 and a derivative of the antibiotic-susceptible variant, with a Tn5 insertion in its SalI K fragment, exhibited an equal reduction in contact haemolysis compared with the Tn5-bearing derivative of strain YSH6000. However, strain S2430 alone clearly displayed delayed plaque forming ability in LLC-MK2 monolayers, suggesting that the two examples of this deletion may not be identical.
Spatially Resolved Insight into the Chemical and Electronic Structure of Solution‐Processed Perovskites—Why to (Not) Worry about Pinholes (2018)

Abstract The unprecedented speed at which the performance of solar cells based on solution‐processed perovskite thin films has increased, in some ways, appears to violate conventional understanding of device optimization. The relatively poor coverage of the TiO 2 electron transport layer by the absorber should cause shunting of the cell. This, however, is not the case. In this paper, it is attempted to explain this “discrepancy.” Insights into coverage, morphology, local elemental composition, and spatially resolved electronic structure of CH 3 NH 3 PbI (3− x ) Cl x perovskite absorbers wet‐chemically deposited on planar compact TiO 2 electron transport material (ETM) are revealed. Microscopy images indicate an incomplete coverage of the ETM. Depending on the degree of coverage, a variation in iodine oxidation and metallic lead formation is found. With the electronic structure of the absorber and the ETM established experimentally and taking literature on the commonly used hole transport material spiro‐MeOTAD into account, it is revealed that excellent charge selectivity occurs at the interfaces between the absorber and both the hole and electron transport layers. It can also be surmised that, crucially, any direct interface between the TiO 2 and spiro‐MeOTAD would be characterized by a large recombination barrier preventing shunts; to some extent minimizing the negative effects of absorber pinholes.
Direct organocatalytic thioglycolic acid esterification of cellulose nanocrystals: A simple entry to click chemistry on the surface of nanocellulose (2022)

The mild and simple direct organocatalytic esterification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and nanocellulose-based materials (e.g. foams and films) with thioglycolic acid (TGA) is disclosed. The transformation gives the corresponding thiol group (-SH) functionalized crystalline nanocellulose (CNC-SH) using simple, naturally occurring, and non-toxic organic acids (e.g. tartaric acid) as catalysts. We also discovered that the direct esterification of cellulose with TGA is autocatalytic (i.e. the TGA is catalyzing its own esterification). The introduction of the -SH functionality at the nanocellulose surface opens up for further selective applications. This was demonstrated by attaching organic catalysts and fluorescent molecules, which are useful as sensors, to the CNC-SH surface by thiol-ene click chemistry. Another application is to use the CNC-SH-based foam as a heterogeneous biomimetic reducing agent, which is stable during multiple recycles, for the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (“click” reaction).
Interleukin 6 reduces vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis via Prep1 and is associated with aging (2021)

Aging exacerbates neointimal formation by reducing apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and induces inflammation within vascular wall. Prep1 is a homeodomain transcription factor which stimulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in aortic endothelial cell models and plays a primary role in the regulation of apoptosis. In this study, we have investigated the role of Prep1 in aorta of Prep1 hypomorphic heterozygous mice (Prep1<sup>i/+</sup> ) and in VSMCs, and its correlation with aging. Histological analysis from Prep1<sup>i/+</sup> aortas revealed a 25% reduction in medial smooth muscle cell density compared to WT animals. This result paralleled higher apoptosis, caspase 3, caspase 9 and p53 levels in Prep1<sup>i/+</sup> mice and lower Bcl-xL. Prep1 overexpression in VSMCs decreased apoptosis by 25% and caspase 3 and caspase 9 expression by 40% and 37%. In parallel, Bcl-xL inhibition by BH3I-1 and p53 induction by etoposide reverted the antiapoptotic effect of Prep1. Experiments performed in aorta from 18 months old WT mice showed a significant increase in Prep1, p16<sup>INK4</sup> , p21<sup>Waf1</sup> and interleukin 6 (IL-6) compared to youngest animals. Similar results have been observed in H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> -induced senescent VSMCs. Interestingly, the synthetic Prep1 inhibitory peptide Prep1 (54-72) reduced the antiapoptotic effects mediated by IL-6, particularly in senescent VSMCs. These results indicate that IL-6-Prep1 signaling reduces apoptosis, by modulating Bcl-xL and p53 both in murine aorta and in VSMCs. In addition, age-dependent increase in IL-6 and Prep1 in senescent VSMCs and in old mice may be involved in the aging-related vascular dysfunction.
Beamforming Lens Antenna on a High Resistivity Silicon Wafer for 60 GHz WPAN (2010)

Wafer-scale beamforming lenses for future IEEE802.15.3c 60 GHz WPAN applications are presented. An on-wafer fabrication is of particular interest because a beamforming lens can be fabricated with sub-circuits in a single process. It means that the beamforming lens system would be compact, reliable, and cost-effective. The Rotman lens and the Rotman lens with antenna arrays were fabricated on a high-resistivity silicon (HRS) wafer in a semiconductor process, which is a preliminary research to check the feasibility of a Rotman lens for a chip scale packaging. In the case of the Rotman lens only, the efficiency is in the range from 50% to 70% depending on which beam port is excited. Assuming that the lens is coupled with ideal isotropic antennas, the synthesized beam patterns from the S-parameters shows that the beam directions are -29.3°, -15.1°, 0.2°, 15.2°, and 29.5 °, and the beam widths are 15.37°, 15.62°, 15.46°, 15.51°, and 15.63°, respectively. In the case of the Rotman lens with antenna array, the patterns were measured by using on-wafer measurement setup. It shows that the beam directions are -26.6°, -21.8°, 0°, 21.8°, and 26.6° . These results are in good agreement with the calculated results from ray-optic. Thus, it is verified that the lens antenna implemented on a wafer can be feasible for the system-in-package (SiP) and wafer-level package technologies.
Hepatic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor bearing mice exacerbate hepatitis and transform into pro-inflammatory myeloid cells (2013)

Meeting abstracts Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that accumulate in blood, liver, spleen and tumors upon chronic inflammation and tumor development in patients and mice. Acute hepatitis is characterized by a fast infiltration
BODY SHAPE AND BULDING SHAPE: CASE STUDY ON GYM BUSINESS AND ARCHITECTURE (2018)

ABSTRACT This article approaches the State, public policy, citizenship, and minorities. It focuses on full accessibility to disable people in the fitness centers business, from two perspectives: body shape and building shape. The central argument of this study is that there is an overlap of the attention given by the users to the shape of their bodies (body shape) about their concern with the shape of gym’s facilities (building shape). The study evaluates 5 variables, namely: level of architectural planning of the facilities regarding disable people’s full accessibility, aesthetic design of the facilities, level of integration for user convenience, level of accessibility to the physically handicapped, cost-benefit ratio of the service provided. The main innovation of this article is methodological by using a model that intents to be capable of verifying survey data 'robustness and classifying them in separate groups of strong data and weak data. The article is divided into 3 parts. The first presents the literature review on the subject. The second one develops the methodology used in the study. Finally, it presents the main findings and a brief set of business prescriptions. Keywords Public Police, Citezenship, Fitness Center Business, Architecture, Survey Methodology.
A 0.297-pJ/bit 50.4-Gb/s/wire Inverter-Based Short-Reach Simultaneous Bidirectional Transceiver for Die-to-Die Interface in 5nm CMOS (2022)

This paper presents a clock-forwarded, Inverter-based Short-Reach Simultaneous Bi-Directional (ISR-SBD) PHY targeted for die-to-die communication over silicon interposer or similar high-density interconnect. Fabricated in a 5nm standard CMOS process, ISR-SBD PHY demonstrates 50.4Gb/s/wire (25.2Gb/s each direction) and 0.297pJ/bit on a 0.75V supply over a 1.2mm on-chip channel.
NEC violation in mimetic cosmology revisited (2016)

In the context of Einstein gravity, if the null energy condition (NEC) is satisfied, the energy density in expanding space-times always decreases while in contracting space-times the energy density grows and the universe eventually collapses into a singularity. In particular, no non-singular bounce is possible. It is, though, an open question if this energy condition can be violated in a controlled way, i.e., without introducing pathologies, such as unstable negative-energy states or an imaginary speed of sound. In this paper, we will re-examine the claim that the recently proposed mimetic scenario can violate the NEC without pathologies. We show that mimetic cosmology is prone to gradient instabilities even in cases when the NEC is satisfied (except for trivial examples). Most interestingly, the source of the instability is always the Einstein-Hilbert term in the action. The matter stress-energy component does not contribute spatial gradient terms but instead makes the problematic curvature modes dynamical. We also show that mimetic cosmology can be understood as a singular limit of known, well-behaved theories involving higher-derivative kinetic terms and discuss ways of removing the instability.
Perspectives of Multi-band Optical Communication Systems (2018)

In this paper, we discuss the state-of-the-art of components and technology to enable multi-band transmission over single mode fibers (SMFs). A full overview on the most relevant challenges is provided.
Femtocaching and Device-to-Device Collaboration: A New Architecture for\n Wireless Video Distribution (2012)

We present a new architecture to handle the ongoing explosive increase in the\ndemand for video content in wireless networks. It is based on distributed\ncaching of the content in femto-basestations with small or non-existing\nbackhaul capacity but with considerable storage space, called helper nodes. We\nalso consider using the mobile terminals themselves as caching helpers, which\ncan distribute video through device-to-device communications. This approach\nallows an improvement in the video throughput without deployment of any\nadditional infrastructure. The new architecture can improve video throughput by\none to two orders-of-magnitude.\n
Effectiveness of a sexual assault awareness and prevention workshop for youth: A 3-month follow-up pragmatic cluster randomization study (2015)

Sexual violence and other forms of sexual assault and coercion have a pervasive presence in the lives of many young people. School and community services and programs that are geared toward sexual assault awareness and prevention of sexual violence have thus been offered to youth in high-school settings. The goal of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of one such sexual assault awareness and prevention workshop designed and presented specifically for male and female youth aged 15 to 17 over a three month follow-up. A sample of 794 youth recruited from two schools were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions. Participants completed self-report outcome measures that assessed their knowledge of sexual assault, awareness of available resources, attitudes toward sexual assault, ability to identify sexual assault and to respond appropriately to a disclosure of sexual assault as well as sexual victimization. The data were analyzed using random coefficient analyses, which revealed that the workshop was effective in improving general knowledge regarding sexual assault, awareness of resources in the event of experiencing sexual assault, and attitudes regarding sexual assault. Participation in the program was also shown to enhance youth's ability to recognize sexual assault in a dating context and to diminish hypothetical responses that deny or minimize sexual assault in a dating situation disclosed by a peer. With one exception, these improvements were similar for male and female youth. The results indicate that the workshop was effective and that revision of some aspects of the implementation could further maximize its impact.
Infliximab reduces peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, and extracellular GABA in the cerebellum and improves learning and motor coordination in rats with hepatic encephalopathy (2016)

Neuroinflammation is associated with altered GABAergic neurotransmission and increased GAT-3 membrane expression and extracellular GABA (a); peripheral inflammation is a main contributor to the impairment of motor coordination and of the ability to learn the Y maze task in PCS rats (b); and reducing peripheral inflammation using safe procedures could be a new therapeutic approach to improve cognitive and motor function in patients with HE
Reverse vaccinology in the 21st century: improvements over the original design (2013)

Reverse vaccinology (RV), the first application of genomic technologies in vaccine research, represented a major revolution in the process of discovering novel vaccines. By determining their entire antigenic repertoire, researchers could identify protective targets and design efficacious vaccines for pathogens where conventional approaches had failed. Bexsero, the first vaccine developed using RV, has recently received positive opinion from the European Medicines Agency. The use of RV initiated a cascade of changes that affected the entire vaccine development process, shifting the focus from the identification of a list of vaccine candidates to the definition of a set of high throughput screens to reduce the need for costly and labor intensive tests in animal models. It is now clear that a deep understanding of the epidemiology of vaccine candidates, and their regulation and role in host-pathogen interactions, must become an integral component of the screening workflow. Far from being outdated by technological advancements, RV still represents a paradigm of how high-throughput technologies and scientific insight can be integrated into biotechnology research.
Silicon carbide solid-state photomultiplier for UV light detection (2014)

A Silicon Carbide Solid-State Photomultiplier (SiC-PM) was designed, fabricated and characterized for the first time. A die size of 3x3 mm 2 has a 2x2 mm 2 pixelated photosensitive area on it. The pixelated area consists of 16 sub-arrays of 0.5x0.5 mm 2 with 64 pixels (60 μm pitch) in each sub-array. Each individual pixel has an integrated quenching resistor made of poly-silicon. Optical measurements of the SiC-PM were performed using fast UV LED with a wavelength of 300 nm demonstrating Geiger mode operation. Output signal waveforms measured at temperatures from 20°C to 200°C indicated temperature dependent time constants. The discrete nature of output signals indicated the capability of the SiC-PM to detect single photons from a faint UV light flux.
Point Defect Charge‐State Effects on Transient Diffusion of Dopants in Si (1990)

Ion implantation damage produces point defects during annealing which can significantly enhance dopant diffusion. This diffusion at low temperatures was studied for P, As, and B implants in Si. Enhanced diffusion was observed below certain doping concentrations which depend only on temperature. For As this concentration corresponds to As solid solubility. For P, enhanced diffusion occurs below the well‐known kink concentration. For B, diffusion occurs below for temperatures below 850°C. A model is presented which correlates the self‐interstitial donor level position, , in the Si bandgap with the dominance of B diffusion via neutral self‐interstitials. It is shown that when self‐interstitials are extremely generated, the resulting changes in the free energy of self‐interstitial formation force the B diffusion via Ix to be 10–100 times greater than B diffusion via I+. This results in significant enhanced diffusion of B in intrinsic Si relative to B layers doped above . At temperatures at or above 850°C, thermally‐assisted, concentration‐dependent diffusion via I+ begins to dominate over enhanced diffusion which occurs with an ever decreasing time constant.
Comments on the discordant recommendations for the use of symptomatic slow-acting drugs in knee osteoarthritis (2015)

Despite the near concurrent publication by influential scientific organizations, there are important differences in interpretation of the evidence base and the conclusions derived from the recent Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) guidelines for the management of knee osteoarthritis, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines (concerning also hip and hand osteoarthritis) and the algorithm recommendations by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO). This is particularly evident for the drug class of symptomatic slow-acting drugs in osteoarthritis. In this paper, we highlight these differences and try to understand where they derive from, proposing an evidence-based interpretation.
<title>AMUSE: an advanced ATM platform for residential interactive and distributive television</title> (1996)

There is presently a strong expectation for the opportunities offered by the deployment of new and sophisticated telecommunication services with increasing interactivity, ranging from distributive to highly interactive, covering heterogeneous areas, like entertainment, tourism, commercial and information. The Project AMUSE (Advanced MUltimedia SErvices to residential users), which s being carried out in the framework of the Advanced Communication Technologies and Services Programme sponsored by the European Union, is proposing effective solutions to various open issues related to the implementation and provisioning of new multimedia services. After an overview of the project and the relevant platform, the paper will introduce a description of the advanced services the project is going to provide to real residential users by means of a state-of-then-art Asynchronous Transfer Mode end-to-end infrastructure. Emphasis will be put on the outcomes of the experiences gained during the first project year, stemming from the implementation and deployment of complex multimedia services developed by means of innovative authoring tools. Particular attention will be paid to the facts and findings resulting from the activities so far performed in the Italian trial island. In particular, the role of contents provisioning and service design, as well as the monitoring of service acceptance and usability by the final users are emerging as outstanding topics, even beyond network technological issues. Finally, an outline of major unsolved problems in the area of interactive multimedia s presented.
Air-coupled CMUTs operating at ambient pressures ranging from 1 to 20 atm (2013)

We present impedance and pitch-catch measurements of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) in permanent contact mode with improved mechanical strength that demonstrate functionality up to 20 atm ambient pressure. Changes in device design and fabrication are made to improve the mechanical strength of the CMUT plates, including using smaller deflection to thickness ratio (9 - 33%), choosing better quality SOI wafers (bowing <; 20 μm), and designing a much larger bonding area (300 - 700 μm overlap in radial direction) for each cell. As a result, all designs with 2000 μm radius, 65-μm-thick plates, 7.74 μm gap heights and with 300, 500, and 700 μm wide bonding area overlap for the plate, performed from 1 - 20 atm without a single failure. Despite larger bonding area, pitch-catch measurements with these CMUTs (700 μm bonding width biased at 250 V dc) still give received signal with good SNR even at 20 atm. Our results support that such CMUTs are reliable and efficient over a wide pressure range.
Tissue Engineering - In-vitro-Züchtung von Gewebeersatz (2006)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Presence of human T-lymphotropic virus type II-related genes in DNA of peripheral leukocytes from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (1997)

Le role du HTLV-II dans la pathogenese d'une maladie humaine n'a pas ete demontre jusqu'a present. Yokoi et al., des auteurs japonais, rapportent les resultats de leur recherche du genome d'HTLV-II chez 33 patients avec une thyroidite d'Hashimoto, 17 autres avec une maladie de Basedow, 52 controles et 102 donneurs de sang. L'ADN cellulaire a ete [...]
Signal Modification For Coding Purely Voiced Sections In A Wideband Acelp Speech Coder (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
Therapeutic Targets for Inhibitors of Glycosylation (2011)

Small molecule inhibitors of glycoconjugate metabolism are being exploited for therapeutic benefit in a number of human disorders. As examples of this class of compound, imino sugars, as monosaccharide mimics, have a number of advantages for compound design and synthesis to define biological activity. As polyhydroxylated molecules, each chiral centre offers manipulation to generate isomers with restricted or enhanced mimicry, and the endocyclic nitrogen atom is readily modified to gain selectivity, increase potency or improve pharmacodynamics. This review focuses on the discovery of imino sugars that have considerable potential for treating a diverse range of diseases, from lysosomal storage disorders diabetes and cystic fibrosis to viral pathogenesis, and addresses the mechanism of action that is dictated by structural modification.