gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The proton pump bacteriorhodopsin is a photoreceptor for signal transduction in Halobacterium halobium (1991)

Halobacterium halobium swims by rotating its polarly inserted flagellar bundle. The cells are attracted by green-to-orange light which they can use for photophosphorylation but flee damaging blue or ultraviolet light. It is generally believed that this kind of 'colour vision' is achieved by the combined action of two photoreceptor proteins, sensory rhodopsins-I and -II, that switch in the light the rotational sense of the bundle and in consequence the swimming direction of a cell. By expressing the bacteriorhodopsin gene in a photoreceptor-negative background we have now demonstrated the existence of a proton-motive force sensor (protometer) and the function of bacteriorhodopsin as an additional photoreceptor covering the high intensity range. When the bacteriorhodopsin-generated proton-motive force drops caused by a sudden decrease in light intensity, the cells respond by reversing their swimming direction. This response does not occur when the proton-motive force is saturated by respiration or fermentation.
5G Time Synchronization: Performance Analysis and Enhancements for Multipath Scenarios (2021)

Absolute Time Synchronization (TS) over the air interface has been introduced with 3GPP 5G NR Release 16 which enables a wide set of applications requiring accurate time-of-day service. In this paper, we present a detailed evaluation of the achievable accuracy of Release 16 TS service considering user equipment (UE) impairments, multipath components, and deployment parameters. Additionally, we propose alternative reference signal and measuring settings required for different channel realizations and environments to meet requirements from a plethora of regulatory, commercial, and 5G industrial use cases. It is shown that wideband channel state information reference signal better supports TS for control to control use case at up to 60m of cell size in comparison to 10m if synchronization signal block is used for TS. The evaluation can be used as guidelines for reference signal configurations and how often the absolute timestamps should be delivered to the UE over the air interface for different deployment scenarios.
Fast wavelength switching transceivers for bandwidth on demand based coherent optical networks (2014)

The recent progress in fast wavelength switching transceivers for bandwidth on demand coherent optical networks is outlined and several techniques employed to mitigate the effects of tuneable laser FM noise are presented.
High-Volume Manufacturing Platform for Silicon Photonics (2018)

Hybrid integration of advanced CMOS electronics and a high-performing silicon photonics platform, combined with wafer-scale testing and assembly processes have enabled delivery of low-cost, low-power, high-performance, high-volume optical transceivers. In this paper, we will discuss the aspects of each of these factors that have been critical in achieving this success. In particular, we will focus on the silicon photonics process, device library and design kit, the innovative solutions for wafer-level testing and assembly of the optical transceivers, and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of monolithic and hybrid electronics-photonics integration and the impact on the roadmap of future optical transceivers.
Structure and function of the SWIRM domain, a conserved protein module found in chromatin regulatory complexes (2006)

The SWIRM domain is a novel module found in the Swi3 and Rsc8 subunits of SWI/SNF‐family chromatin remodeling complexes, and the Ada2 and BHC110/LSD1 subunits of chromatin modification complexes. We present the high‐resolution crystal structure of the SWIRM domain from Swi3 and characterize the in vitro and in vivo function of the SWIRM domains from Swi3 and Rsc8. The Swi3 SWIRM forms a novel 4‐helix bundle containing a psuedo 2‐fold axis, and a helix‐turn‐helix motif commonly found in DNA binding proteins. Notably, the Swi3 SWIRM binds free DNA and mononucleosomes with high and comparable affinity, attributes suited for nucleosome interaction. Genetic and biochemical studies also reveal that the Rsc8 and Swi3 SWIRM domains are essential for the proper assembly and in vivo functions of their respective complexes. Together, these studies identify the SWIRM domain as an essential multi‐functional module for the regulation of gene expression.
Cobaltoceniumselenolate Gold(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Structural and Anticancer Properties (2021)

Cobaltoceniumselenolate is an unusual, highly air-sensitive, mesoionic compound containing a very soft anionic selenium donor atom. Here we explore its coordination chemistry with Au(I) metal centers and show that its hetero- and homoleptic gold complexes are highly colored, air-stable compounds, which were characterized by <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>31</sup>P/<sup>77</sup>Se NMR, IR, UV-Vis, HR-MS and single crystal XRD. Cytotoxicity of these polar, water-soluble complexes was studied against various standard cancer cell lines (A549MDA-MB-231, HT-29) revealing good anticancer activity of all three complexes.
Studies of atmospheric noise on Mauna Kea at 143 GHz with Bolocam (2008)

We report measurements of the fluctuations in atmospheric emission (atmospheric noise) above Mauna Kea recorded with Bolocam at 143 GHz. These data were collected in November and December of 2003 with Bolocam mounted on the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO), and span approximately 40 nights. Below &sime; 0.5 Hz, the data time-streams are dominated by the f<sup>-&#948;</sup> atmospheric noise in all observing conditions. We were able to successfully model the atmospheric fluctuations using a Kolmogorov-Taylor turbulence model for a thin wind-driven screen in approximately half of our data. Based on this modeling, we developed several algorithms to remove the atmospheric noise, and the best results were achieved when we described the fluctuations using a low-order polynomial in detector position over the 8 arcminute focal plane. However, even with these algorithms, we were not able to reach photon-background-limited instrument photometer (BLIP) performance at frequencies below &sime; 0.5 Hz in any observing conditions. Therefore, we conclude that BLIP performance is not possible from the CSO below &sime; 0.5 Hz for broadband 150 GHz receivers with subtraction of a spatial atmospheric template on scales of several arcminutes.
Communication-Control Co-design in Wireless Edge Industrial Systems (2022)

We consider the problem of controlling a series of industrial systems, such as industrial robotics, in a factory environment over a shared wireless channel leveraging edge computing capabilities. The wireless control system model supports the offloading of computational intensive functions, such as perception workloads, to an edge server. However, wireless communications is prone to packet loss and latency and can lead to instability or task failure if the link is not kept sufficiently reliable. Because maintaining high reliability and low latency at all times prohibits scalability due to resource limitations, we propose a communication-control co-design paradigm that varies the network quality of service (QoS) and resulting control actions to the dynamic needs of each plant. We further propose a modular learning framework to solve the complex learning task without knowledge of plant or communication models in a series of learning steps and demonstrate its effectiveness in learning resource-efficient co-design policies in a robotic conveyor belt task.
A New Class of 2D Materials - Quaternary Derived Nanostructures - and Their Polysulfide Anchoring Capabilities in Lithium Sulfur Batteries (2022)

Metal-sulfur battery chemistries have garnered a lot of interest due to their 5-10 fold higher theoretical energy densities compared to state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries, in addition to the abundance and environmental benignity of sulfur. However, the insulating nature of sulfur, the formation and shuttling of polysulfides, are still major drawbacks. In this work we started with quaternary ammonium salts or quat derived nanostructures (QDNs), synthesized using a facile bottom-up reaction, directly from commercial 3D bulk solids 1 . This approach leads to better functionalization, facile tunability, and higher active sites. Moreover, these materials self-assemble into a plethora of microstructures – from individual anatase-based 1D nanoribbons 6x10 2 Å in cross-section to 2D flakes to mesoscopic particles, both comprised of 1D nanoribbons - depending on the synthesis and washing parameters. Here we use QDNs made from commercial titanium carbide (TiC) reacted at 50℃ for 5 days, washed with 5M lithium chloride, and freeze dried after filtration. These TiC QDNs are simply hand ground with sulfur in a 50:50 ratio by weight, to create a sulfur TiC QDN composite. This composite was then used to make a slurry with carbon black and binder, in a ratio of 70:20:10 respectively. We obtain specific capacities of 800 mAh.g -1 at 0.5 C after 300 cycles seen in Figure 1. The anatase-based 1D nanoribbons, that assemble into 2D layers, traps the polysulfides by forming thiosulfate species and Lewis acid-base interactions with the titanium, confirmed by post-mortem X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, these interactions were confirmed visually with the 2D QDNs adsorbing polysulfides, after 7 days the 0.5mM solution of polysulfides appeared clear in comparison to the still yellow hue of the polysulfides seen with carbon black seen in Figure 2. These interactions are further enhanced with the added functionalization of the 2D materials using non-polar di(hydrogenated tallow)benzyl methyl ammonium chloride (DHT) surfactant molecules. 1. H. O. Badr et al., Materials Today , S1369702121003813 (2022). Figure 1
The future of Wi-Fi [Guest Editorial] (2015)

This feature topic is a continuation of our November 2014 feature topic on the Future of Wi-Fi. In this second part of the feature topic, five papers selected from a pool of high-quality submissions are introduced. We hope our readers will find these articles useful for understanding recent developments and for inspiring their own work.
Improved impulse response for hydrophone measurements in therapeutic ultrasound fields. (2009)

The accurate measurement of pressure waveforms in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) fields is complicated by the fact that many devices operate at output levels where shock waves can form in the focal region. In tissue ablation applications, the accurate measurement of the shock amplitude is important for predicting tissue heating since the absorption at the shock is proportional to the shock amplitude cubed. To accurately measure shocked pressure waveforms, not only must a hydrophone with a broad bandwidth (&amp;gt;100 MHz) be used, but the frequency response of the hydrophone must be known and used to correct the measured waveform. In this work, shocked pressure waveforms were measured using a fiber optic hydrophone and a frequency response for the hydrophone was determined by comparing measurements with numerical modeling using a KZK-type equation. The impulse response was separately determined by comparing a measured and an idealized shock pulse generated by an electromagnetic lithotripter. The frequency responses determined by the two methods were in good agreement. Calculations of heating using measured HIFU waveforms that had been deconvolved with the determined frequency response agreed well with measurements in tissue phantom. [Work supported by NIH DK43881, NSBRI SMST01601, NIH EB007643, and RFBR.]
Technologies for Cofabricating MEMS and Electronics (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Microfabrication technologies initially developed for integrated electronics have been successfully applied to batch-fabricate a wide variety of micromechanical structures for sensing, actuating, or signal-processing functions such as filters. By appropriately combining the deposition, etching, and lithography steps for microelectromechanical devices with those needed for microelectronic devices, it is possible to fabricate an integrated microsystem in a single process sequence. This paper reviews the strategies for cofabrication, with an emphasis on modular approaches that do not mix the two process sequences. The integrated processes are discussed using examples of physical sensors (infrared imagers and inertial sensors), chemical and biochemical sensors, electrostatic and thermal actuators for displays and optical switching, and nonvolatile memories. By adding new functionality to integrated electronics, the use of microelectromechanical systems is opening new applications in sensing and actuating, as well as enhancing the performance of analog and digital integrated circuits. </para>
Photochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules: III. Continuous wave CO 2 laser chemistry of ethylene oxide (1999)

The gas-phase continuous wave IR laser photolysis of ethylene oxide (oxirane) was examined in the presence of SiF4 as a sensitizer molecule. Acetaldehyde, ethylene, acetylene, methane and carbon monoxide are the resultant gaseous products detected by IR spectroscopy. No significant reaction occurs in the absence of this sensitizing agent or at laser frequencies not resonant with transitions of both oxirane and SiF4. The dependence of the photolysis on laser fluence, gas (total and/or sensitizer) pressure and laser wavelength was examined. The data are consistent with the involvement of highly vibrationally excited oxirane molecules produced by a combination of collisional and radiative processes. The product distribution is consistent with recent ab initio predictions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Standards-Based Automated Remediation: A Remediation Manager Reference Implementation, 2011 Update (2011)

This report describes the Software Engineering Institute's (SEI's) 2011 work for the National Security Agency (NSA) to develop standards for automated remediation of vulnerabilities and compliance issues on Department of Defense (DoD) networked systems. The SEI developed a remediation manager reference implementation that demonstrates how evolving standards can communicate and process information on vulnerabilities, compliance issues, remediation policy, and remediation actions. An earlier report, Standards-Based Automated Remediation: A Remediation Manager Reference Implementation (CMU/SEI-11-SR-007), described the project's concept, vision, scope, requirements, and the remediation manager implementation as of December 30, 2010. Since then, the SEI has analyzed additional user scenarios, continued remediation standards development, and added new capabilities to the reference implementation. The remediation manager can employ standards throughout the compliance issue remediation cycle. Using common formats and languages, the reference implementation ingests scan findings, extracts host compliance issues and vulnerabilities, maps them to remediation actions, builds remediation tasks, transmits remediation tasks to a Remediation Tool on a host system, and receives remediation task execution status from the Remediation Tool. In 2011 the SEI added a standards-based remediation policy management capability, enabling users to examine, tailor, and apply standard DoD policy to meet local needs.
Design and Optimization of Magnetic Gears with Arrangement and Mechanical Constraints for Wind Turbine Applications (2016)

International audience
Deterministic Bounds for Restricted Isometry of Compressed Sensing Matrices (2011)

Compressed Sensing (CS) is an emerging field that enables reconstruction of a sparse signal $x \in {\mathbb R} ^n$ that has only $k \ll n$ non-zero coefficients from a small number $m \ll n$ of linear projections. The projections are obtained by multiplying $x$ by a matrix $Φ\in {\mathbb R}^{m \times n}$ --- called a CS matrix --- where $k &lt; m \ll n$. In this work, we ask the following question: given the triplet $\{k, m, n \}$ that defines the CS problem size, what are the deterministic limits on the performance of the best CS matrix in ${\mathbb R}^{m \times n}$? We select Restricted Isometry as the performance metric. We derive two deterministic converse bounds and one deterministic achievable bound on the Restricted Isometry for matrices in ${\mathbb R}^{m \times n}$ in terms of $n$, $m$ and $k$. The first converse bound (structural bound) is derived by exploiting the intricate relationships between the singular values of sub-matrices and the complete matrix. The second converse bound (packing bound) and the achievable bound (covering bound) are derived by recognizing the equivalence of CS matrices to codes on Grassmannian spaces. Simulations reveal that random Gaussian $Φ$ provide far from optimal performance. The derivation of the three bounds offers several new geometric insights that relate optimal CS matrices to equi-angular tight frames, the Welch bound, codes on Grassmannian spaces, and the Generalized Pythagorean Theorem (GPT).
FGF2 and EGF induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells via a MAPKinase/MMP1 signal (2018)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), an aggressive malignancy affecting pleural surfaces, occurs in three main histological subtypes. The epithelioid and sarcomatoid subtypes are characterized by cuboid and fibroblastoid cells, respectively. The biphasic subtype contains a mixture of both. The sarcomatoid subtype expresses markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and confers the worst prognosis, but the signals and pathways controlling EMT in MPM are not well understood. We demonstrate that treatment with FGF2 or EGF induced a fibroblastoid morphology in several cell lines from biphasic MPM, accompanied by scattering, decreased cell adhesion and increased invasiveness. This depended on the MAP-kinase pathway but was independent of TGFβ or PI3-kinase signaling. In addition to changes in known EMT markers, microarray analysis demonstrated differential expression of MMP1, ESM1, ETV4, PDL1 and BDKR2B in response to both growth factors and in epithelioid versus sarcomatoid MPM. Inhibition of MMP1 prevented FGF2-induced scattering and invasiveness. Moreover, in MPM cells with sarcomatoid morphology, inhibition of FGF/MAP-kinase signaling induced a more epithelioid morphology and gene expression pattern. Our findings suggest a critical role of the MAP-kinase axis in the morphological and behavioral plasticity of mesothelioma.
FLASSH 1.0: Thermal Scattering Law Evaluation and Cross-Section Generation for Reactor Physics Applications (2023)

AbstractThe Full Law Analysis Scattering System Hub (FLASSH) is a modern, advanced code that evaluates the thermal scattering law (TSL) along with accompanying cross sections. FLASSH features generalized methods that accommodate any material structure. Historical approximations including incoherent and cubic approximations have been removed. Instead, the latest release of FLASSH features advanced physics options including distinct effect corrections (one-phonon contributions) and noncubic formulations. Noncubic elastic and inelastic contributions are necessary to accurately evaluate one-phonon contributions. Both noncubic and one-phonon calculations require high-density sampling of the various scattering directions. Optimization and parallelization of these routines were therefore necessary to produce results in a reasonable computational time frame. With these notable improvements to the generalized TSL, FLASSH 1.0 can meet benchmark requirements by permitting realistic comparisons with experiments for both TSLs and the resulting integrated cross sections. Within FLASSH, these high-fidelity TSLs can be applied also to the resonance region to evaluate accurate, material structure-dependent Doppler broadening that captures the observed experimental behavior. Additional features including a graphical user interface (GUI), plotting diagnostics, and formatted output options including ACE files allow users to complete a TSL evaluation with minimal input and maximum flexibility. The user GUI creates input files for FLASSH, reducing user error and also providing built-in error checks. Autofill options and suggested input values help make TSL evaluation accessible to novice users. The FLASSH code is compiled to run on both Windows and Linux platforms with automatic parallelization.Keywords: FLASSHcomputer codethermal scattering lawneutronevaluation Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Der bakterielle Abbau von Chinolin und seinen Derivaten – Abbauwege und Biokatalysatoren (1998)

Eine Reihe interessanter Enzyme wurde bei Untersuchungen zum Abbau von Chinolinen durch Mikroorganismen entdeckt, darunter molybdänhaltige Hydroxylasen, die die Umsetzung 1→2 katalysieren, sowie ungewöhnliche 2,4-Dioxygenasen, die die Umsetzung 3→4 katalysieren. Die Verwendung der Hydroxylasen könnte auch für die Technische Chemie interessant sein, da zahlreiche Chinolinderivate als Pharmazeutika oder Agrochemikalien verwendet werden.
Automatic classification of auto-correction errors in predictive text entry based on EEG and context information (2017)

State-of-the-art auto-correction methods for predictive text entry systems work reasonably well, but can never be perfect due to the properties of human language. We present an approach for the automatic detection of erroneous auto-corrections based on brain activity and text-entry-based context features. We describe an experiment and a new system for the classification of human reactions to auto-correction errors. We show how auto-correction errors can be detected with an average accuracy of 85%.
High-Performance ZnO Nanowire Transistors with Aluminum Top-Gate Electrodes and Naturally Formed Hybrid Self-Assembled Monolayer/AlOx Gate Dielectric (2014)

A method for the formation of a low-temperature hybrid gate dielectric for high-performance, top-gate ZnO nanowire transistors is reported. The hybrid gate dielectric consists of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and an aluminum oxide layer. The thin aluminum oxide layer forms naturally and spontaneously when the aluminum gate electrode is deposited by thermal evaporation onto the SAM-covered ZnO nanowire, and its formation is facilitated by the poor surface wetting of the aluminum on the hydrophobic SAM. The hybrid gate dielectric shows excellent electrical insulation and can sustain voltages up to 6 V. ZnO nanowire transistors utilizing the hybrid gate dielectric feature a large transconductance of 50 μS and large on-state currents of up to 200 μA at gate-source voltages of 3 V. The large on-state current is sufficient to drive organic light-emitting diodes with an active area of 6.7 mm2 to a brightness of 445 cd/m2. Inverters based on ZnO nanowire transistors and thin-film carbon load resistors operate with frequencies up to 30 MHz.
Automated Optical Inspection Method for Light-Emitting Diode Defect Detection Using Unsupervised Generative Adversarial Neural Network (2021)

Many automated optical inspection (AOI) companies use supervised object detection networks to inspect items, a technique which expends tremendous time and energy to mark defectives. Therefore, we propose an AOI system which uses an unsupervised learning network as the base algorithm to simultaneously generate anomaly alerts and reduce labeling costs. This AOI system works by deploying the GANomaly neural network and the supervised network to the manufacturing system. To improve the ability to distinguish anomaly items from normal items in industry and enhance the overall performance of the manufacturing process, the system uses the structural similarity index (SSIM) as part of the loss function as well as the scoring parameters. Thus, the proposed system will achieve the requirements of smart factories in the future (Industry 4.0).