Telehealth Practice Recommendations for Diabetic Retinopathy, Second Edition (2011)

Second Edition Editorial Committee: Helen K. Li, MD (Chair), Mark Horton, OD, MD (Co-chair), Sven-Erik Bursell, PhD, Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD, Ingrid Zimmer-Galler, MD, Mathew Tennant, MD Writing Committees: Clinical: Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD (Chair), Ingrid Zimmer-Galler, MD Technology: Sven-Erik Bursell, PhD (Chair), Michael Abramoff, MD, PhD, Edward Chaum, MD, PhD, Debra Cabrera DeBuc, PhD Operations: Mark Horton, OD, MD (Chair), Helen K. Li, MD, Tom Leonard-Martin, PhD, MPH, Mathew Tennant, MD, Marc Winchester, BA Other Contributors: Reviewers [R], ATA Standard and Guidelines Committee Members [SG], ATA Staff [S] Nina Antoniotti, RN, MBA, PhD [Chair, SG] Jordana Bernard, MBA [S] David Brennan, MSBE [SG] Anne Burdick, MD, MPH [SG] Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD [SG] Brian Grady, MD [SG] Tom Hirota, DO [SG] Elizabeth Krupinski, PhD [Vice Chair, SG] Cindy K. Leenknecht, MS, APRN-CS, CCRP [SG] Jonathan Linkous, MPA [S] Lou Theurer [SG] Jill Winters, PhD, RN [SG] First Edition American Telemedicine Association, Ocular Telehealth Special Interest Group, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Working Group American Telemedicine Association Executive Committee: Jonathan D. Linkous, Richard Bakalar, MD, Adam Darkins, MD, Col. Ronald K. Poropatich, MD American Telemedicine Association Ocular Telehealth Special Interest Group: Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD (Chair), Mary G. Lawrence, MD, M.P.H. (Vice Chair) Editorial Committee: Helen K. Li, MD (Co-chair), Mathew Tennant, MD (Co-chair), Sven Bursell, PhD, Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD, Mark Horton, OD, MD, Richard Bakalar, MD Writing Committees: Clinical: Jerry Cavallerano, OD, PhD (Chair), Mary G. Lawrence, MD, MPH, Ingrid Zimmer-Galler, MD, COL Wendall Bauman, MD Technology: Sven Bursell, PhD (Chair), W. Kelly Gardner Operations: Mark Horton, OD, MD (Chair), Lloyd Hildebrand, MD, Jay Federman, MD National Institute of Standards and Technology: Lisa Carnahan Veterans Administration: Peter Kuzmak, John M. Peters, Adam Darkins, MD At Large Group Participants: Jehanara Ahmed, MD, Lloyd M. Aiello, MD, Lloyd P. Aiello, MD, PhD, Gary Buck, Ying Ling Chen, PhD, Denise Cunningham, CRA, RBP, M.Ed., Eric Goodall, Ned Hope, Eugene Huang, PhD, Larry Hubbard, MAT, Mark Janczewski, MD, J.W.L. Lewis, PhD, Hiro Matsuzaki, COL Francis L. McVeigh, OD, Jordana Motzno, Diane Parker-Taillon, Robert Read, Peter Soliz, PhD, Bernard Szirth, PhD, COL Robert A. Vigersky, MD, COL Thomas Ward, MD American Telemedicine Association Administrative Contributor: Catherine Diver Table of Contents 1. PREAMBLE 2. INTRODUCTION 3. BACKGROUND a. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study b. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study c. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications d. The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study e. The Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network 4. PRINCIPLES OF A TELEHEALTH DR PROGRAM a. Mission b. Vision c. Goals d. Guiding Principles 5. ETHICS 6. CLINICAL VALIDATION a. Category 1 b. Category 2 c. Category 3 d. Category 4 7. COMMUNICATION 8. PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS a. Medical Care Supervision b. Patient Care Coordinator c. Image Acquisition d. Image Review and Evaluation e. Information Systems 9. EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS a. Interoperability b. Image Acquisition c. Compression d. Data Communication and Transmission e. Computer Display f. Archiving and Retrieval g. Security h. Reliability and Redundancy i. Documentation j. Image Analysis 10. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS a. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act b. Privileging and Credentialing c. Stark Act and Self-Referrals d. State Medical Practice Acts/Licensure e. Tort Liability f. Duty g. Standards of Care h. Consent 11. QUALITY CONTROL 12. OPERATIONS 13. CUSTOMER SUPPORT a. Originating Site b. Transmission c. Distant Site 14. FINANCIAL FACTORS a. Reimbursement b. Grants c. Federal Programs d. Other Financial Factors e. Equipment Cost 15. SUMMARY REFERENCES APPENDIX 1. Interoperability 2. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Metadata 3. Computer-Aided Detection 4. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 5. Privileging and Credentialing 6. Quality Control 7. Operational Specifications 8. Customer Support 9. Reimbursement ABBREVIATIONS GLOSSARY