gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) Is Regulated in White and Brown Adipose Tissue by Obesity (2013)

Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is an outer-mitochondrial membrane transporter which has many functions including participation in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), production of cellular energy, and is the rate-limiting step in the uptake of cholesterol. TSPO expression is dysregulated during disease pathologies involving changes in tissue energy demands such as cancer, and is up-regulated in activated macrophages during the inflammatory response. Obesity is associated with decreased energy expenditure, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic low-grade inflammation which collectively contribute to the development of the Metabolic Syndrome. Therefore, we hypothesized that dysregulation of TSPO in adipose tissue may be a feature of disease pathology in obesity. Radioligand binding studies revealed a significant reduction in TSPO ligand binding sites in mitochondrial extracts from both white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) in mouse models of obesity (diet-induced and genetic) compared to control animals. We also confirmed a reduction in TSPO gene expression in whole tissue extracts from WAT and BAT. Immunohistochemistry in WAT confirmed TSPO expression in adipocytes but also revealed high-levels of TSPO expression in WAT macrophages in obese animals. No changes in TSPO expression were observed in WAT or BAT after a 17 hour fast or 4 hour cold exposure. Treatment of mice with the TSPO ligand PK11195 resulted in regulation of metabolic genes in WAT. Together, these results suggest a potential role for TSPO in mediating adipose tissue homeostasis.
Activation of a covalent outer membrane phospholipase A dimer (2002)

The activity of outer membrane phospholipase A (OMPLA) is regulated by reversible dimerization. However, native OMPLA reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles was found to be present as a dimer but nevertheless inactive. To investigate the importance of dimerization for control of OMPLA activity, a covalent OMPLA dimer was constructed and its properties were compared to native OMPLA both in a micellar detergent and after reconstitution in a phospholipid bilayer. Unlike native OMPLA, activity of the covalent OMPLA dimer was independent of type and concentration of detergent in micellar systems. In such systems, the covalent OMPLA dimer invariantly displayed high calcium affinity. In contrast, high calcium concentrations were required to activate a covalent OMPLA dimer when present in intact vesicles. Solubilization of the vesicles increased the affinity for calcium, suggesting that in an intact bilayer the dimer interface is not properly formed. This was supported by the observation that OMPLA variants having an impaired dimeric interface also lacked high affinity calcium binding. A covalent linkage was not able to restore high affinity calcium binding in these variants, demonstrating that a proper dimer interface is essential for optimal catalysis.
Lactate kinetics in CAPD (1985)

CAPDにおける酸塩基平衡の維持には通常lactateが用いられている. lactateのbicarbonateへの代謝はきわめて緩やかで, 物質移動の比較的おそいCAPDに適したアルカリ化剤といえる. しかしlactateの代謝速度は個々の患者で異なり, 代謝のおそい患者では高乳酸血症, 速い患者では代謝性アルカローシスの恐れが考えられる. これに対しCAPD用灌流液中のlactate濃度は35mmol/lと画一的に定められており, CAPDを維持透析として捉えた場合には問題がある.本研究では個々の患者に対する至適lactate濃度決定を最終目的とし, そのためにlactate, bicarbonateの腹膜移動速度定数, 代謝速度定数を患者ごとに求めた. 方法としてはすでに安定期に到達したと思われるCAPD患者12名に対し, 透析開始時血液濃度および廃液透析濃度を調べた. 測定項目としては血ガス分析, lactateの2種を選んだ. 得られた臨床データに対しcompartment modelを用いてシミュレーション解析を行い各速度定数を試行錯誤的に求めた. この際, lactate, bicarbonateの代謝速度は1次反応速度式に従うものとした.12人の患者の血中lactate濃度はいずれも正常値範囲に分布していたが, 患者間で2倍以上の差異が認められた. また速度定数ではbicarbonateの腹膜移動速度を除き, 患者間で個人差がみられ, 体重との相関も認められなかった.得られた速度定数の値をもとに, 透析液lactate濃度を変化させた時のpH, 血中Iactateおよびbicarbonate濃度の値を求め, 至適透析液lactate濃度を患者ごとに決定した. 12人の患者について検討した結果, 少なくとも2, 3種類のlactate濃度の異なる透析液が必要と思われた.
High Pressure Reforming and Hydrogen Purification for Military Fuel Cell Use (2008)

A high pressure water reforming (HPWR) reactor system was designed and constructed to operate at pressures up to 82,737kPa and temperatures up to 913K. Initial HPWR hydrogen production tests have been conducted with two feedstocks: an aromatics- and sulfur-free natural gas-derived fuel (S-8) and methanol. Feedstock and water were continuously pumped into a reactor vessel where they were catalytically reformed to a hydrogen-rich reformate product. Reactor temperature, pressure, and space velocity were varied to determine their effect on reformate hydrogen concentration. Online, Raman spectroscopy gas composition measurements were verified by gas chromatography. Experiments conducted to date have resulted in a S-8-derived 33,784kPa reformate containing 58 mol% hydrogen at 898K, and a methanol-derived 33,784kPa reformate containing 76 mol% hydrogen at 638K. To enable high-pressure purification of HPWR-generated reformate to proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell-quality hydrogen, EERC researchers have been working to tailor a low-pressure Oak Ridge National Laboratory-developed electrical swing adsorption (ESA) technology for high-pressure separation of hydrogen from other reformate constituents. Reformate purification experiments conducted to date have achieved quantitative separation of hydrogen from a bottled gas mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane at 1,379kPa. Near-term future experimental work will focus on 1) optimization of the HPWR process using sulfur- and aromatics-free jet fuel, and then JP-8 fuel, at pressures of up to 34,474kPa and 2) optimization of the ESA process for hydrogen purification at pressures of up to 34,474kPa. Results of these experiments will be presented.
Time-lapse videomicroscopy of HT-29 colonic cancer cells from A Squalene-Based Nanomedicine for Oral Treatment of Colon Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Video 1 shows untreated HT-29 cells. Images were captured at 1 h intervals for 14h.&lt;/p&gt;
Construction of Real-time Motion Measurement System using Inertial Sensors and its Application to Robot Teaching System (2018)

In Japan, low birthrate and aging is progressing rapidly. It is necessary to compensate for the labor shortage, because the working population reduces. As a solution to this problem, the introduction of a robot can be considered. Conventional teaching methods include remote teaching and direct teaching. These teaching methods have problems in terms of difficulty teaching sensibly and safety of the teacher. We extracted the target position / posture of the robot to be taught using motion sensors and verified by simulation before applying the actual machine. As a result, the real-time motion measurement system constructed in this research was found to be applicable to robot teaching using simulation. However, since the movement of the shoulder was not taken into consideration, there was a difference in position estimation.
Chemiluminescence from reactions with bis-cyclometalated iridium complexes in acidic aqueous solution (2009)

Chemical reactions between certain bis-cyclometalated iridium complexes, cerium(IV) and organic reducing agents in aqueous solution produce an emission of light which in some cases is more intense than that from analogous reactions with conventional ruthenium-based reagents, thus providing a new avenue for chemically-initiated luminescence detection.
<title>Shape perception and low-dimension fractal boundary contours</title> (1990)

We have identified a class of stimuli which seem to tap into the basic human ability to identify and name shapes. Using computer-generated stimuli, we found that patterns with low fractal dimension contours evoked the perception of namable objects, and that this proportion is increased when a preattentive criterion for examining the patterns is used. Furthermore, this result holds whether the patterns are filled in shapes (e.g., cloud patterns) or simple edge contours.
Supplementary Spread Sheet 2 from Peritoneal Spread of Ovarian Cancer Harbors Therapeutic Vulnerabilities Regulated by FOXM1 and EGFR/ERBB2 Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Spread Sheet 2&lt;/p&gt;
Design Guidelines For Conjugated Polymers With Light‐Activated Anticancer Activity (2011)

Abstract Multifunctional materials that simultaneously provide therapeutic action and image the results provide new strategies for the treatment of various diseases. Here, it is shown that water soluble conjugated polymers with a molecular design centered on the polythiophene−porphyrin dyad are effective for killing neighboring cells. Following photoexcitation, energy is efficiently transferred from the polythiophene backbone to the porphyrin units, which readily produce singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) that is toxic for the cells. Due to the light‐harvesting ability of the electronically delocalized backbone and the efficient energy transfer amongst optical partners, the polythiophene−porphyrin dyad shows a higher 1 O 2 generation efficiency than a small molecule analog. The fluorescent properties of these polymers can also serve to distinguish amongst living and dead cells. Polymers can be designed with folic acid grafted onto the polymer side chain that can specifically kill folate receptor‐overexpressed cells, thereby providing an important demonstration of anticancer specificity through molecular design.
Critical sheet resistance and two-dimensional properties ofBi2Sr2CuOxthin films (1995)

Electrical properties of ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{\mathit{x}}$ thin films prepared by the RF magnetron sputtering method have been investigated. By varying the Bi content in the film, the resistance of ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{\mathit{x}}$ changed over a wide range. Samples with low resistance showed superconductivity with a zero-resistance critical temperature of about 5 K, and the temperature dependence of the resistance above the superconducting transition temperature was metallic. On the other hand, samples with high resistance did not show superconducting transition and the temperature dependence of the resistance was semiconductorlike. The critical value of the normal resistance per Cu-O sheet for the appearance of the superconductivity was found to be very close to the quantum resistance (h/4${\mathit{e}}^{2}$). In the case of superconductive films, the power law of current-voltage characteristics (V\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathit{I}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$) was observed and the temperature dependence of the exponent \ensuremath{\alpha} showed the universal jump, which suggested the dissipation at the superconducting transition due to the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition. The temperature dependence of the resistance also supported the KT transition. The fluctuation effect above the mean-field BCS transition temperature was interpreted by the 2D Aslamazov-Larkin theory. In the case of insulating films, their behavior was examined by several mechanisms. The Anderson localization could be responsible for the ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\square}}}$-T characteristics of the sample of which sheet resistance was just above the critical resistance in the low-temperature region. The intriguing possibility of the KT transition of charges for high-resistance samples was also discussed.
Experimental Determination of pKa Values by Use of NMR Chemical Shifts, Revisited (2012)

This laboratory experiment, using proton NMR spectroscopy to determine the dissociation constant for heterocyclic bases, has been modified from a previously described experiment. A solution of a substituted pyridine is prepared using deuterium oxide (D2O) as the solvent. The pH of the solution is adjusted and proton NMR spectra are collected for a variety of pH values. The chemical shifts of the peaks in the NMR spectrum change depending on the degree of protonation of the pyridine ring. Analysis of the spectral data is used to calculate the dissociation constant of the substituted pyridine. This experiment is suitable for a variety of advanced chemistry laboratories including analytical chemistry and instrumental analysis.
Hypergraph models of biological networks to identify genes critical to pathogenic viral response (2021)

Our results demonstrate the utility of using hypergraphs to represent complex biological systems and highlight central important responses in common to a variety of highly pathogenic viruses.
Benchmarking and Analysis of High Productibility Computing (HPCS) (2006)

Abstract : The goal of performance modeling is to measure, predict, and understand the performance of a computer program or set of programs on a computer system. The applications of performance modeling are numerous, including evaluation of algorithms, optimization of code implementations, parallel library development, and comparison of system architectures, parallel system design, and procurement of new systems. The overall objective of this effort was to survey a number of DoD related applications in an effort to ascertain their needs with respect to determining what metrics exist, what metrics need to be developed.
Colosseum as a Digital Twin: Bridging Real-World Experimentation and Wireless Network Emulation (2023)

Wireless network emulators are being increasingly used for developing and evaluating new solutions for Next Generation (NextG) wireless networks. However, the reliability of the solutions tested on emulation platforms heavily depends on the precision of the emulation process, model design, and parameter settings. To address, obviate, or minimize the impact of errors of emulation models, in this work, we apply the concept of Digital Twin (DT) to large-scale wireless systems. Specifically, we demonstrate the use of Colosseum, the world's largest wireless network emulator with hardware-in-the-loop, as a DT for NextG experimental wireless research at scale. As proof of concept, we leverage the Channel emulation scenario generator and Sounder Toolchain (CaST) to create the DT of a publicly available over-the-air indoor testbed for sub-6 GHz research, namely, Arena. Then, we validate the Colosseum DT through experimental campaigns on emulated wireless environments, including scenarios concerning cellular networks and jamming of Wi-Fi nodes, on both the real and digital systems. Our experiments show that the DT is able to provide a faithful representation of the real-world setup, obtaining an average similarity of up to 0.987 in throughput and 0.982 in Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR).
The Behavior of the 3-Phenyl-2-butanols in SO2-FSO3H-SbF51 (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Behavior of the 3-Phenyl-2-butanols in SO2-FSO3H-SbF51M. Brookhart, F. A. L. Anet, and S. WinsteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 23, 5657–5659Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00975a059RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (378 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Test vector compression via statistical coding and dynamic compaction (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of increasingly longer test times and greater test data storage requirements for integrated circuits. A new compression/decompression technique is proposed for reducing the amount of data that must be stored on the tester and transferred to the chip. This technique uses static and dynamic compaction algorithms in conjunction with statistical coding to encode test vectors provided by circuit vendors. The decoding process is performed in hardware by a small amount of on-chip circuitry. Taken together, this compression/decompression algorithm results in both lowered tester storage requirements and reduced test times.
The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Green Tea Extract Against Prevotella intermedia (2011)

Dental bacteria can cause gum diseases, i.e. gingivitis and periodontitis, by inducing inflammation in hu- man gingiva. Therefore, the most effective way to prevent and treat gum diseases is the control of the inflammatory reactions induced by dental bacteria. Almost all present dental care products contain anti-bacterial agents to eliminate dental bacteria. However, recent studies report that even heat-killed dental bacteria can induce the inflammation re- sponses in oral cells. Therefore, the method using anti-bacterial agents should be improved for better anti-in- flammatory effect and the effective natural anti-inflammatory substances need to be found. In addition, the mecha- nisms of gingival inflammation should be elucidated. In this study, we tried to find out the mechanism of the gingival inflammation and effective natural anti-inflammatory substances with human gingival epithelial cells and Prevotella intermedia which is well known as a typical dental bacteria inducing gingivitis and periodontitis. In results, Prevotella intermedia initiated the gingival inflammation response by stimulating gingival epithelial cells to release an in- flammatory cytokine, IL-8. Furthermore, the inflammation by Prevotella intermedia is related to COX-2, AP-1, and TNF-α pathways. Green tea extract could effectively suppress the inflammatory responses induced by Prevotella intermedia. We find out the effective natural substance for the improvement of gum diseases by studying the mecha- nism of the gingival inflammation induced by dental bacteria.
AN EVALUATION OF SQUEAKING IN A LARGE DIAMETER THIN CERAMIC LINER USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (2012)

Squeaking ceramics bearing surfaces have been recently recognised as a problem in total hip arthroplasty. The position of the acetabular cup has been alluded to as a potential cause of the squeaking, along with particular combinations of primary stems and acetabular cups. This study has used the finite element method to investigate the propensity of a new large diameter preassembled ceramic acetabular cup to squeaking due to malpositioning. A verified three-dimensional FE model of a cadaveric human pelvis was developed which had been CT scanned, and the geometry reconstructed; this was to be used to determine the behaviour of large diameter acetabular cup system with a thin delta ceramic liner in the acetabulum. The model was generated using ABAQUS CAE pre-processing software. The bone model incorporated both the geometry and the materials properties of the bone throughout based on the CT scan. Finite element analysis and bone material assignment was performed using ABAQUS software and a FORTRAN user subroutine. The loading applied simulated edge loading for rising from a chair, heel-strike, toe off and stumbling. All results of the analysis were used to determine if the liner separated from the shell and if the liner was toggling out of the shell. The results were also examined to see if there was a propensity for the liner to demobilise and vibrate causing a squeaking sound under the prescribed loading regime. This study indicates that there is a reduction in contact area between the ceramic liner and titanium shell if a patient happens to trip or stumble. However, since the contact between the liner and the shell is not completely lost the propensity for it to squeak is highly unlikely.
Novel avian leukosis virus-related endogenous proviruses from layer chickens: Characterization and development of locus-specific assays (2009)

During the course of evolution, vertebrate genomes have been invaded and colonized by retroviruses. In humans, for example, endogenous retroviruses (long terminal repeat elements) occupy roughly twice as much sequence space as essential genes. There are numerous reports in the literature implicating endogenous proviruses in the modulation of host physiology. The fact that many of these host-virus interactions take place in a proviral locus-specific manner speaks to the need for rapid assays for element profiling. This report deals with the identification of novel elements belonging to a family of endogenous retroviruses, designated ALVE, that reside in the genome of the chicken and that are closely related to exogenous avian leukosis viruses. The study of ALVE elements in the chicken genome serves as a model system for understanding the interplay between endogenous viruses and their vertebrate hosts in general, including humans. In this report, we present locus-specific, diagnostic PCR-based assays for 2 novel ALVE elements. In addition, we characterize the proviral structures and examine the genomic environments of both novel elements along with a previously described element known as ALVE-NSAC-3.
X-ray diffraction measurements of internal strain in Si nanowires fabricated using a self-limiting oxidation process (2005)

We demonstrate x-ray diffraction measurements of internal strain in Si nanowires that were fabricated using a self-limiting oxidation process. Rod-shaped scattering around the 111 Bragg point due to interference effects from the Si nanowires were observed, which are robust reflections for incoherent displacement of the wires. From the shifts of the scattering in reciprocal space, the strain was estimated to be 1.0–1.5×10−3 for the sample oxidized at 800°C for 300min.
Copolymerization of carbon dioxide with propyleneimine (1974)

Abstract Carbon dioxide and propyleneimine were allowed to copolymerize without using any catalyst to give a polyurethane with a carbon dioxide content of 10–35 mole‐%. The polymer yield, the specific viscosity, and the content of carbon dioxide in the copolymer increased with increasing polymerization temperature. The infrared spectrum of the copolymer showed the characteristic peak assignable to a cyclic urethane(4‐methyl‐oxazolidone‐2) at 1750 cm −1 as well as the peak characteristic of the urethane linkage at 1700 cm −1 . The relative intensity ratio of the former absorption to the latter decreased markedly with increasing polymerization temperature. Propyleneimine did not polymerize at all in the absence of carbon dioxide. Polymerizations were also carried out with the use of various solvents. On the basis of these results, a probable reaction scheme of the copolymerization was proposed.