gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction and Regulation of the Central Catabolic Pathway in the Thermophilic Propionate-Oxidizing SyntrophPelotomaculum thermopropionicum (2005)

Obligate anaerobic bacteria fermenting volatile fatty acids in syntrophic association with methanogenic archaea share the intermediate bottleneck step in organic-matter decomposition. These organisms (called syntrophs) are biologically significant in terms of their growth at the thermodynamic limit and are considered to be the ideal model to address bioenergetic concepts. We conducted genomic and proteomic analyses of the thermophilic propionate-oxidizing syntroph Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum to obtain the genetic basis for its central catabolic pathway. Draft sequencing and subsequent targeted gap closing identified all genes necessary for reconstructing its propionate-oxidizing pathway (i.e., methylmalonyl coenzyme A pathway). Characteristics of this pathway include the following. (i) The initial two steps are linked to later steps via transferases. (ii) Each of the last three steps can be catalyzed by two different types of enzymes. It was also revealed that many genes for the propionate-oxidizing pathway, except for those for propionate coenzyme A transferase and succinate dehydrogenase, were present in an operon-like cluster and accompanied by multiple promoter sequences and a putative gene for a transcriptional regulator. Proteomic analysis showed that enzymes in this pathway were up-regulated when grown on propionate; of these enzymes, regulation of fumarase was the most stringent. We discuss this tendency of expression regulation based on the genetic organization of the open reading frame cluster. Results suggest that fumarase is the central metabolic switch controlling the metabolic flow and energy conservation in this syntroph.
P,P',P″,P[UNK]-Tetrakistricarbonylnickel(tetraphosphorus hexaoxide) (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTP,P',P″,P[UNK]-Tetrakistricarbonylnickel(tetraphosphorus hexaoxide)Jean G. Riess and John R. Van WazerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 23, 5506–5507Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00951a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00951a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Modulation Model for Characterizing Speech Signals. (1996)

Abstract : The purpose of this effort was to research and develop new techniques for modeling speech segments. These models were used for Speaker Identification and for Keyword Spotting. The Format Mode Modulation Model and Pitch Mode Modulation Model were investigated. A novel feature, the Advanced Cepstral Weighting (ACW) Cepstrum, was developed and implemented to enhance performance. These algorithms were implemented on workstations, and also on an nCUBE supercomputer. In the future, these research algorithms can be used as part of a larger application.
Conduction-Band Structure of GaSb from Pressure Experiments to 50 kbar (1968)

The pressure variation of the resistivity of S-, Se-, and Te-doped ($n$-type) GaSb has been studied to 50 kbar. All three types exhibit a saturation in resistivity at the highest pressures attained, although the resistivity of S- and Se-doped samples increases several orders of magnitude before saturation, in contrast to Te-doped samples, whose resistivity increases only by a factor of 14. The saturation in resistivity is due to the ${X}_{1}$ minima becoming the lowest conduction-band edge at these pressures. Analysis of S- and Te-doped GaSb data, using a model of three different conduction-band minima (with the addition of one impurity level in the S-doped sample) and the known rate of motion of the bands, is consistent with an interband separation (${E}_{{X}_{1}}\ensuremath{-}{E}_{{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{1}}$) of 0.315\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015 eV at zero pressure and a mobility ratio of $\frac{{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{X}}{{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ of $\frac{1}{32}$. The mobility ratio seems reasonable in comparison with $n$-GaAs.
Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Network With Asymmetric Membership Function Controller for Electric Power Steering System via Improved Differential Evolution (2014)

A wavelet fuzzy neural network using asymmetric membership function (WFNN-AMF) with improved differential evolution (IDE) algorithm is proposed in this study to control a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for an electric power steering (EPS) system. First, the dynamics of a steer-by-wire EPS system and a six-phase PMSM drive system are described in detail. Moreover, the WFNN-AMF controller, which combines the advantages of wavelet decomposition, fuzzy logic system, and asymmetric membership function (AMF), is developed to achieve the required control performance of the EPS system for the improvement of stability of the vehicle and the comfort of the driver. Furthermore, the online learning algorithm of WFNN-AMF is derived using back-propagation method. However, degenerated or diverged responses will be resulted due to the inappropriate selection of small or large learning rates of the WFNN-AMF. Therefore, an IDE algorithm is proposed to online adapt the learning rates of WFNN-AMF. In addition, a 32-bit floating-point digital signal processor, TMS320F28335, is adopted for the implementation of the proposed intelligent controlled EPS system. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed WFNN-AMF controller with IDE for the EPS system is verified through experimental results.
Interaction Between a Crossflow and a Spatially Oscillating Jet at Various Angles (2020)

The quasi-time-resolved flowfields of spatially oscillating jets emitted by fluidic oscillators at various installation angles, velocity ratios, and oscillation frequencies are examined experimentally. The velocity fields are acquired plane by plane using a stereoscopic particle image velocimetry system. Dominant streamwise vortices are identified and found to prevail downstream. The flowfield at a given velocity ratio is independent of the oscillation frequency because velocity ratio and Strouhal number are proportional. For small Strouhal numbers, the flowfield behaves similar to that of a vortex generating jet. For higher Strouhal numbers, the crossflow experiences a steady, wide-spread jet. When the skew angle decreases, one of the former two dominating vortices diminishes until at a skew angle of 45 deg one vortex dominates the flowfield. At a skew angle of 0 deg (i.e., the plane spanned by the oscillating jet is parallel to the crossflow), the jet penetration is comparable to that of a steady jet, and a pair of co-existing, counter-rotating vortices is identified. When changing the inclination angle, the flow features in the far field reduce to two dominant streamwise vortices whose spanwise effect increases when the inclination angle decreases. Additionally, the Strouhal number effects are shifted toward higher Strouhal numbers.
Expression of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) in EBV‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2004)

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with virtually all cases of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and has been classified as a group I carcinogen. In addition to its potential role in the pathogenesis of NPC, EBV also provides a possible target for immunotherapy of NPC, since a limited number of viral genes are expressed in the neoplastic cells. The EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) is considered a promising target since it provides epitopes recognized by EBV-specific T-cells. Using immunohistochemistry, the present study shows that LMP2A is expressed at the protein level in the neoplastic cells of 16 of 35 (45.7%) NPC biopsies. This finding provides further evidence suggesting that NPC tumour cells may be susceptible to lysis by cytotoxic T-cells directed against LMP2A and should encourage efforts to develop immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of NPC.
Data from A Panel of Novel Detection and Prognostic Methylated DNA Markers in Primary Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Serum DNA (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To establish a novel panel of cancer-specific methylated genes for cancer detection and prognostic stratification of early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Identification of differentially methylated regions (DMR) was performed with bumphunter on “The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)” dataset, and clinical utility was assessed using quantitative methylation-specific PCR assay in multiple sets of primary NSCLC and body fluids that included serum, pleural effusion, and ascites samples.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A methylation panel of 6 genes (&lt;i&gt;CDO1, HOXA9, AJAP1, PTGDR, UNCX&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;MARCH11&lt;/i&gt;) was selected from TCGA dataset. Promoter methylation of the gene panel was detected in 92.2% (83/90) of the training cohort with a specificity of 72.0% (18/25) and in 93.0% (40/43) of an independent cohort of stage IA primary NSCLC. In serum samples from the later 43 stage IA subjects and population-matched 42 control subjects, the gene panel yielded a sensitivity of 72.1% (31/41) and specificity of 71.4% (30/42). Similar diagnostic accuracy was observed in pleural effusion and ascites samples. A prognostic risk category based on the methylation status of &lt;i&gt;CDO1, HOXA9, PTGDR&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;AJAP1&lt;/i&gt; refined the risk stratification for outcomes as an independent prognostic factor for an early-stage disease. Moreover, the paralog group for HOXA9, predominantly overexpressed in subjects with &lt;i&gt;HOXA9&lt;/i&gt; methylation, showed poor outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Promoter methylation of a panel of 6 genes has potential for use as a biomarker for early cancer detection and to predict prognosis at the time of diagnosis. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 7141–52. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Inactivation kinetics of benzalkonium chloride and ethanol-based hand sanitizers against a betacoronavirus and an alphacoronavirus (2023)

BAK and ethanol hand sanitizer formulations inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-229E at similar rates. This data supports previously published effectiveness data for both chemistries and indicates that additional coronavirus strains and variants would demonstrate similar inactivation trends.
Friction stir welding bobbin tool (2023)

A bobbin tool is disclosed that includes a top shoulder, a bottom shoulder, and an axial pin that extends between the top and bottom shoulders. The bottom shoulder has an annular shoulder end surface, a back surface opposite the annular shoulder end surface, and a side surface that joins the annular shoulder end surface and the back surface. One or more and radially-extending blades may be disposed on the side surface of the bottom shoulder and/or one or more axially-extending blades may be disposed on the back surface. The one or more blades provide the bobbin tool with an ability to friction stir weld a variable thickness workpiece assembly, axially plunged through the workpiece assembly along an axis of rotation of the bobbin tool, and/or be extracted through the workpiece assembly along an axis of rotation of the bobbin tool.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of the Prelog‐Djerassi Lactonic Acid via Group‐Selective Aldolization/Desymmetrization of a meso Dialdehyde with a Chiral N‐Propionylsultam. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular characteristics of anti-self antibody fragments against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens from human V gene phage display libraries (1995)

Recently it has been demonstrated that human antibody fragments with binding activities against self antigens can be isolated from repertoires of rearranged V genes from non-immunized humans. We have applied phage display technology to study the B cell repertoire for antibody activity against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens. These antibodies may play an important role in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and related forms of vasculitides. Autoantibodies in patients with WG are directed against proteinase 3. The immunodominant antigen in other forms of vasculitis is myeloperoxidase, but the B cell response can also be directed against other neutrophil enzymes, e.g. lysozyme, human neutrophil elastase, lactoferrin and cathepsin G. We show here that anti-self reactivity against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens can be detected in the rearranged V gene repertoire of healthy individuals and that the reactivity can be directed against structural related epitopes which are present on different neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens. The scFv with binding activities were sequenced and the V gene usage, the level of somatic mutations and the immunoserological characteristics of the antibody fragments are discussed. Further evidence is presented that antibody fragments consisting only of a heavy chain variable domain can recognize neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens in a specific manner. These single-domain antibody fragments were used in experiments designed to establish the relative role of the light chain variable domains in antigen binding.
Tunable Red Luminescence in Nitridomagnesoaluminates α-Sr2[MgAl5N7]:Eu2+, β-Sr2[MgAl5N7]:Eu2+, and Sr8[LiMg2Al21N28]:Eu2+ (2018)

Red-emitting phosphors with the general sum formula Sr8[Li(2–0.5x)MgxAl(22–0.5x)N28]:Eu2+ for application in warm-white illumination grade light emitting diodes were obtained by reacting the metals, hydrides, and nitrides in molybdenum crucibles in a hot isostatic press. Upon irradiation with blue light (440 nm), the materials exhibit red luminescence (emission maximum: 633–665 nm; full width at half-maximum (fwhm): 1736–1964 cm–1, 78–82 nm) tunable by adjusting the compositional variable x (here, 2 and 4) as well as the activator concentration (here, 0.075–1 atom-% Eu2+). The materials show promising thermal behavior of the emission with relative quantum efficiencies, compared to room temperature, of 66% (x = 0) and 84% (x = 2) at 200 °C. α-Sr8[Li(2–0.5x)MgxAl(22–0.5x)N28]:Eu2+ (x = 2 and 4) crystallizes isotypically with Sr4[LiAl11N14]:Eu2+ in the orthorhombic space group Pnnm (no. 58) with unit cell parameters a = 10.51818(5)–10.54878(6), b = 10.44513(5)–10.48253(6), and c = 3.25704(1)–3.272752(15) Å. β-Sr2[MgAl5N7]:Eu2+ (x = 4) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m (no. 12) with unit cell parameters a = 11.12874(11), b = 3.27289(3), c = 10.54530(11) Å, and β = 109.8939(7)° and is obtained as side phase (≤40 wt %) in syntheses with x = 4. The crystal structure of β-Sr2[MgAl5N7]:Eu2+ consists of a network of vertex- and edge-sharing Al(/Mg)N4 tetrahedra with four- and five-membered ring channels along [010]. The Sr2+ ions are located within the five-membered ring channels and are coordinated cube-like by eight N atoms.
Fiber-optic magnetic field sensor with an orthoconjugating loop mirror (1993)

A hybrid fiber- and bulk-optic Faraday-rotation-based electric current and magnetic field sensor is described. The scheme employs a new orthoconjugating fiber loop mirror to permit interrogation of a remotely located sensor over a conventional single-mode fiber link independent of birefringence perturbations in the link. A Bi-substituted YIG film sensing element gives a sensitivity of 0.45 deg/G over a range of 1 mG to 100 G.
Age- and Sex-Associated Plasma Proteomic Changes in Growth Hormone Receptor Gene–Disrupted Mice (2011)

Growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted (GHR-/-) mice are dwarf, insulin sensitive, and long lived despite being obese. In order to identify characteristics associated with their increased longevity, we studied age-related plasma proteomic changes in these mice. Male and female GHR-/- mice and their littermate controls were followed longitudinally at 8, 16, and 24 months of ages for plasma proteomic analysis. Relative to control littermates, GHR-/- mice had increased levels of apolipoprotein A-4 and retinol-binding protein-4 and decreased levels of apolipoprotein E, haptoglobin, and mannose-binding protein-C. Female GHR-/- mice showed decreased inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Additionally, sex differences were found in specific isoforms of apolipoprotein E, RBP-4, haptoglobin, albumin, and hemoglobin subunit beta. In conclusion, we find plasma proteomic changes in GHR-/- mice that favor a longer life span as well as sex differences indicative of an improved health span in female mice.
Screening of DNA Aptamer Against Mouse Prion Protein by Competitive Selection (2007)

Prion disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, in which the normal prion protein (PrP) changes structurally into an abnormal form and accumulates in the brain. There is a great demand for the development of a viable approach to diagnosis and therapy. Not only has the ligand against PrP been used for diagnosis, but it has also become a promising tool for therapy, as an antibody. Aptamers are a novel type of ligand composed of nucleic acids. DNA aptamers in particular have many advantages over antibodies. Therefore, we tried to isolate the DNA aptamer for mouse PrP. We developed a competitive selection method and tried to screen the DNA aptamer with it. In the fourth round of selection, several clones of the aptamer with an affinity to PrP were enriched, and clone 4-9 showed the highest affinity of all. The investigation by aptamer blotting and Western blotting showed that clone 4-9 was specifically able to recognize both alpha-PrP and beta-PrP. Moreover, it was indicated that clone 4-9 could recognize the flexible region of the N-terminal domain of PrP. These characteristics suggest that clone 4-9 might be a useful tool in prion-disease diagnosis and research.
Unidirectional amplification with acoustic non-Hermitian space−time varying metamaterial (2022)

Abstract Space−time modulated metamaterials support extraordinary rich applications, such as parametric amplification, frequency conversion, and non-reciprocal transmission. The non-Hermitian space−time varying systems combining non-Hermiticity and space−time varying capability, have been proposed to realize wave control like unidirectional amplification, while its experimental realization still remains a challenge. Here, based on metamaterials with software-defined impulse responses, we experimentally demonstrate non-Hermitian space−time varying metamaterials in which the material gain and loss can be dynamically controlled and balanced in the time domain instead of spatial domain, allowing us to suppress scattering at the incident frequency and to increase the efficiency of frequency conversion at the same time. An additional modulation phase delay between different meta-atoms results in unidirectional amplification in frequency conversion. The realization of non-Hermitian space−time varying metamaterials will offer further opportunities in studying non-Hermitian topological physics in dynamic and nonreciprocal systems.
Understanding and Decoding Thoughts in the Human Brain (2016)

Many people cannot communicate because of their physical problems, such as paralysis. These patients cannot speak with their friends, but their brains are still working well. They can think by themselves and would benefit from a device that could read their minds and translate their thoughts into audible speech. In our study, we placed electrodes beneath patients’ skulls, directly at the surface of the brain, and measured brain activity while the patients were thinking. We then tried to decode and translate the words that they imagined into audible sounds. We showed that we could decode some parts of the sound of what patients were thinking. This was our first attempt at translating thoughts to speech, and we hope to get much better, as many patients who cannot speak but have thoughts in their minds could benefit from a “speech decoder.”
Virtual-image-array single-snapshot (VIASS) algorithm for direction-of-arrival estimation of coherent signals (2002)

This paper presents a new concept for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and signal reconstruction from the output signals of an equispaced array. The proposed single snapshot algorithm, which is based on a direct data matrix only, utilizes the concept of virtual imaged arrays to reach the theoretical limit of antenna elements for resolution of a given number of coherent paths. Extensive simulations of our new and some well known algorithms show equal performance of these types whereas our new algorithm excels by reducing computational and hardware complexity.
Non-Hydrogen-Bonded Secondary Structure in β-Peptides:  Evidence from Circular Dichroism of (S)-Pyrrolidine-3- carboxylic Acid Oligomers and (S)-Nipecotic Acid Oligomers (1999)

[formula: see text] Homooligomers of beta-amino acids (S)-3-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) and (S)-nipecotic acid (Nip) were studied by circular dichroism (CD) in methanol. In each series, a profound change in the far-UV CD spectrum was observed from monomer to tetramer, but little change was observed from tetramer to hexamer. A comparable pattern is observed in the CD spectra of short proline oligomers. We conclude that both PCA and Nip oligomers with > or = four residues adopt a characteristic secondary structure.
Supplementary Table 1 from Inhibition of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Family DNA Binding in Mouse Epidermis Prevents and Regresses Papillomas (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Inhibition of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Family DNA Binding in Mouse Epidermis Prevents and Regresses Papillomas
Exome Sequencing Finds a Novel PCSK1 Mutation in a Child With Generalized Malabsorptive Diarrhea and Diabetes Insipidus (2013)

Whole-exome sequencing provides a powerful diagnostic tool to clinicians managing rare genetic disorders with multiple perplexing clinical manifestations.