gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular weight and concentration effects on gel/sol transitions in a segmented rigid‐rod polyimide solution (1993)

Abstract Gel/sol and order/disorder transitions can be observed in a segmented rigid‐rod polyimide solution at different concentrations and molecular weights. This polyimide was synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)‐4,4′‐diaminobiphenyl in refluxing 3‐cresol in a one‐step process. Above about 140°C, the polymers are completely soluble in 3‐cresol in a concentration range up to 12(w/w)%. During cooling, the hot solutions undergo a mechanical sol/gel transition to form thermally reversible gels. In the gel state, an ordered structure develops. Both the gel/sol and order/disorder transitions are dependent upon concentration, temperature, and molecular weight, but the two transitions exhibit different kinetics. Possible mechanisms of these transitions are discussed.
High-temperature quiet-flow test facility (2000)

A high-temperature, quiet-flow test facility for the testing and evaluation of exhaust silencers and silencer materials has been developed. This facility is driven by a rotary positive displacement blower delivering up to 110 m3/min (4000 cfm) of airflow. This airflow is put through both a passive and active silencer to achieve minimal uncontrolled noise in the test stream. Controlled sound is injected into the airflow by a set of loudspeakers in a mixing/settling chamber. The airflow is heated up to 540&amp;lt;th&amp;gt;°C [1000&amp;lt;th&amp;gt;°F] by a 144-kW electric heater just prior to entering the test section. The test section is rated for a 10-cm- (4 in.) diam flow path and up to 1.8-m- (6 ft) long sample. The outlet of the test section exhausts outside the test building and a microphone measurement system measures the radiated sound power level. This facility allows tests to be run with flow, sound level and temperature controls to obtain in situ measurements of silencer performance including insertion loss.
Structure of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the archaeal hyperthermophileMethanocaldococcus jannaschii (2009)

The X-ray crystal structure of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii (Mj-GAPDH) was determined to 1.81 A resolution. The crystal belonged to space group C222(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 83.4, b = 152.0, c = 118.6 A. The structure was solved by molecular replacement and was refined to a final R factor of 17.1% (R(free) = 19.8%). The final structure included the cofactor NADP(+) at the nucleotide-binding site and featured unoccupied inorganic and substrate phosphate-binding sites. A comparison with GAPDH structures from mesophilic sources suggested that Mj-GAPDH is stabilized by extensive electrostatic interactions between the C-terminal alpha-helices and various distal loop regions, which are likely to contribute to thermal stability. The key phosphate-binding residues in the active site of Mj-GAPDH are conserved in other archaeal GAPDH proteins. These residues undergo a conformational shift in response to occupancy of the inorganic phosphate site.
Roadmap on Digital Holography-Based Quantitative Phase Imaging (2021)

Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI) provides unique means for the imaging of biological or technical microstructures, merging beneficial features identified with microscopy, interferometry, holography, and numerical computations. This roadmap article reviews several digital holography-based QPI approaches developed by prominent research groups. It also briefly discusses the present and future perspectives of 2D and 3D QPI research based on digital holographic microscopy, holographic tomography, and their applications.
Biocatalysts for conversion of thermochemical waste streams (2023)

Disclosed herein are microorganisms that have enhanced tolerance to toxic compounds found in thermochemical waste streams. Methods of utilizing carbon found in waste streams are also disclosed. Also presented herein are methods for detoxifying waste streams and methods of bioconversion of toxic waste stream materials into useful products.
Native digital processing for optical networking (2014)

The Optical Turing Machine (OTM) is an approach to digital optical processing that supports computation in the same format used for high-speed transmission. This paper identifies the key capabilities required to support native digital optical processing for typical in-network functions including forwarding, security, and filtering. Current analog and binary digital approaches - including optical transistors - are considered and shown insufficient for optical networks. The requirements for a single encoding are presented, as are the capabilities required for network computation.
Supplementary Data from <i>EML4-ALK</i> Fusion Gene and Efficacy of an ALK Kinase Inhibitor in Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from &lt;i&gt;EML4-ALK&lt;/i&gt; Fusion Gene and Efficacy of an ALK Kinase Inhibitor in Lung Cancer
Lysyl 4‐Aminobenzoic Acid Derivatives as Potent Small Molecule Mimetics of Plasminogen Kringle 5. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Wizard-of-Oz evaluation of speech-driven web browsing interface for people with vision impairments (2014)

People with visual impairments typically interact with the Web using screen readers that perform serial text-to-speech narration of the content. Although they rely on keyboard shortcuts to navigate through the content quickly, browsing fatigue caused by too many keyboard presses and clicks, increased cognitive load caused by having to remember many shortcuts, and information overload from having to listen to irrelevant content, are all too common. Speech-based interaction modality has the potential to address these shortcomings by allowing users to engage in a dialog with an intelligent agent capable of translating user commands/requests to system actions and generating appropriate responses to them.
Stereochemie einiger wichtiger zu Alkenen führender Reaktionen (1999)

Es gibt eine Fülle verschiedener Wege zur Darstellung von Alkenen, viele davon beinhalten Oxidationen oder Umlagerungs-Schritte. Es existieren drei wichtige Arten von Olefinbildungs-Reaktionen, bei denen sich die Olefingeometrie gut steuern läßt. Namentlich sind dies Eliminierungen, Wittig-Reaktionen (und verwandte Prozesse) sowie Reaktionen einiger von β-Hydroxysulfonen abgeleiteter Substrate. Diese Transformationen werden in diesem Kapitel besprochen.
Time‐dependent nonlinear optical properties of pyroelectric liquid crystalline polymers (1999)

Abstract Highly oriented pyroelectric liquid‐crystalline polymers were prepared by photopolymerization under the influence of a static electric field from binary mixtures of two acrylate monomers exhibiting chiral smectic C mesomorphism. Both monomers contained nitro groups to yield second order nonlinear optical properties (second harmonic generation) and one of the monomers had two functional groups to yield a crosslinked polymer. The room temperature second order nonlinear susceptibility of the polymers showed during the first two hours a 10 % decrease after which it remained constant during the next 48 days. At elevated temperatures there was a significant difference in the nonlinear optical properties over time between crosslinked and uncrosslinked polymers. The uncrosslinked polymer showed a pronounced loss of second order nonlinear optical activity with time at ≥38°C. The crosslinked polymer showed a much smaller and basically a temperature independent decrease rate in the second order nonlinear optical properties at all the ageing temperatures (23‐130°C). Both the loss in mesogen order parameter, very evident for the uncrosslinked polymer, and conformational changes occurring within the mesogens (β mechanism), may account for the observations made.
Jaundice and double-duct sign (2021)

SCOPUS: no.j
Test of key elements for common path holography (2005)

Holographic devices are expected to have a much larger capacity than conventional optical storage systems such as CD, DVD or blue diode laser based HD-DVD or BD. Recent developments in the field of dedicated recording materials and advanced optical enabling technologies are now opening the door for the realization of commercial products. One of the major technical challenges is the development of a robust and reliable system concept, which allows easy exchangeability of the medium. We developed a holographic tester system with common paths for the reference and the signal beams based on a single mode blue laser diode and a commercial CMOS detector. The system will be used to evaluate various multiplexing schemes, to investigate the influence of system tolerances on the reading performance and to estimate fundamental system limitations.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Hemolytic <i>E. coli</i> Promotes Colonic Tumorigenesis in Females (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Verification of computational E. coli typing based on fimH mutation patterns. (A) Estimation of the factorization rank r in nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). NMF analysis using 4 as the factorization rank r revealed that fimH could be classified into four types. (B) Consensus sequence of each type of fimH. Consensus sequences were illustrated by WebLogo using stacks of symbols. The size of symbols indicates the relative frequency of each base at that position.&lt;/p&gt;
'Tis the gift to be simple (2010)

IC engineers rarely get to crash test their designs. Instead, they take pride in getting the design right the first time—no room for iterations and redesign. This is done by performing extensive computer simulations of designs. These simulations let engineers accurately predict the behavior of the design while it is still represented by computer data, before it ever becomes a real physical object.
Effects of meso-M(PPh3)2Cl (M = Pd, Ni) substituents on the linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of chalcogenopyrylium-terminated heptamethines in solution and solid states (2017)

Pd(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Cl groups hinder aggregation and afford promising solid-state NLO properties.
Analysis of Distribution and Diversity of Patatin Promoters in Solanum Species by Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique. (1991)

Distribution and diversity of patatin promoters in Solanum species were analyzed by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The promoter region (-580 to + 11) of the B33 gene, one of the class I patatin genes, was cloned for use as a probe for Southern blotting. All the lines used in this experiment, even the no-tuber-bearing wild species, exhibited a homologous sequence to the class I patatin promoter region which controls the tuber-specific expression. The fragment pattern of amplified DNA varied with the lines.
Arrays of elliptical Fe(001) nanoparticles: Magnetization reversal, dipolar interactions, and effects of finite array sizes (2015)

The magnetic properties of arrays of nanoparticles are determined by the interplay between the individual particle properties and the dipolar interactions between them. Here we present a study of arrays of elliptical Fe(001) particles of thickness 10--50 nm. The aspect ratios of the ellipses are 1:3, their short axes $a=50$, 100, or 150 nm, and the periodicity of the rectangular arrays is either two or four times the corresponding axes of the ellipses. Magnetic measurements together with numerical and micromagnetic calculations yield a consistent picture of the arrays, comprising single-domain nanoparticles. We show that the magnetization reversal, occurring in the range 100--400 mT for fields applied along the long axis, is mainly determined by the properties of the corresponding single Fe ellipses. The interaction fields of the order of tens of mT can be tuned by the array configurations. For the actual arrays the interactions promote switching. For film thicknesses below the Bloch wall width parameter of Fe, ${\mathit{l}}_{\text{w}}=22$ nm, magnetization reversal occurs without formation of domain walls or vortices. Within this range arrays may be tuned to obtain a well-defined switching field. Two general conclusions are drawn from the calculations: the character of the interaction, whether it promotes or delays magnetization reversal, is determined by the aspect ratio of the array grid, and the interaction strength saturates as the size of the array increases.
Population-wide active case finding and prevention for tuberculosis and leprosy elimination in Kiribati: the PEARL study protocol (2022)

Approval was obtained from the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (project no. 2021/127) and the Kiribati Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MHMS). Findings will be shared with the MHMS and local communities, published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.
Computationally Efficient Robust State Estimation for Power Transmission Systems with RTU and PMU Measurements (2021)

Finding a trade-off between robustness and computational efficiency is one of the major challenges when deriving a state estimation algorithm. Conventional Least Absolute Value (LAV) algorithms are robust against outliers, but impose significant computational burden. In this paper, we propose two LAV-based state estimators that are capable of taking into account conventional and synchrophasor measurements simultaneously. Both algorithms utilize a linear modelling framework for all available measurements. The first algorithm is based on the linear LAV method and is formulated as a single Linear Program, while the second leverages an alternative LAV-based formulation that can be solved by gradient-based methods. As a result, both algorithms are computationally significantly more efficient than the conventional LAV method, while preserving the bad data rejection properties. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated on a range of test cases of various sizes.
Is antidyslipidemic statin use for cancer prevention a promising drug repositioning approach? (2018)

Novel pharmacological therapies are in development for cancer, ranging from conventional chemotherapeutic drugs to molecular targeted drugs, antibody-based drugs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are developed using new technologies. However, the increasing cost of new drug development is increasing the costs of national healthcare and putting pressure on government finances worldwide. Under these circumstances, drug repositioning (i.e. discovering novel effects of existing drugs, thereby allowing their use to treat other diseases) has become a major focus because of reliability and cost reduction. It is becoming increasingly clear that statins (currently used for treating dyslipidemia) can be effective in the prevention of coronary disease, heart failure, and arrhythmia. Epidemiological as well as basic research studies and epidemiological surveys have showed that statins have a suppressive effect on cancers and that they have an antitumor effect on colorectal, prostate, breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Given the pharmacological mechanism of action of statins, they may have an antitumor effect on cancer types in which the mevalonate pathway is activated as well as on tumors with p53 mutations. To investigate this further, it would be necessary to conduct a large-scale survey after confirming the clinical background of patients as well as their mutational status, and therefore, great hope has been placed on the role of academia and public institutions. Thus, there is an urgent need for researchers to be actively involved in investigator-initiated clinical trials.
The effects of heated humidification to nasopharynx on nasal resistance and breathing pattern (2019)

Adding heated humidification to the nasopharynx could modulate breathing patterns with improvement of subjective experience and objective nasal resistance.
Long-Term Integrity of Waste Package Final Closure for HLW Geological Disposal, (IV) Influence of Welding and Prediction of Long-Term Integrity of Weld Joint (2006)

Overpack, a high-level radioactive waste container for geological disposal in the Japanese waste management program, is required to isolate the sealed vitrified waste from contact with groundwater for 1,000 years. This means that the weld joint between the body and the lid of the overpack is also required to endure for this period of time. The authors have already started studies on a methodology guaranteeing the long-term integrity of the lid closure, the applicability of several welding and non-destructive examination methods for the weld joint and the corrosion properties of the weld joint. In this paper, through review of the obtained test results, the influences of welding were summarized. Considering the presence of weld flaws, crack growth phenomenon was estimated by fracture mechanics assessment, while the critical crack length and the maximum tolerable flaw size were discussed. Moreover, referring to the Fitness for Service for nuclear power plant components, a method guaranteeing the long-term integrity of the lid closure was discussed and proposed with consideration to the physical and chemical environmental conditions peculiar to the overpack.
Oligonucleotide-Based Molecular Therapy for Restenosis after Angioplasty (2003)

Molecular therapy is emerging as a potential strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease such as restenosis after angioplasty, vascular bypass graft occlusion, transplant coronary vasculopathy, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and cystic fibrosis, for which no known effective therapy exists. Molecular biology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system have started to emerge, and the time is ripe for the introduction of gene therapy to the management of cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we have focused on the future potential of oligonucleotide-based gene therapy for restenosis after angioplasty, which still remains an issue in the field of cardiovascular disease.
Phase IIb randomized trial of JX-594, a targeted multimechanistic oncolytic vaccinia virus, plus best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who have failed sorafenib treatment (TRAVERSE). (2012)

TPS4152 Background: JX-594 is a first-in-class targeted oncolytic poxvirus designed to selectively replicate in and destroy cancer cells with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ ras pathway activation. Direct oncolysis plus GM-CSF expression stimulates tumor vascular disruption and anti-tumor immunity (Nature Rev Cancer 2009). JX-594 was well-tolerated in Phase 1 trials and was shown to replicate in metastatic tumors following intratumoral (IT) or intravenous (IV) administration (Lancet Oncol 2008 and Nature 2011). A randomized dose-finding Phase 2 trial has been completed with JX-594 in 30 patients with advanced HCC. Treatment with high-dose JX-594 was associated with prolonged survival vs low-dose JX-594 (median survival 14.1 mo vs 6.7 mo; Hazard Ratio 0.39, p=0.02) (AASLD Annual Meeting, 2011, LB1). Methods: TRAVERSE is a Phase 2b randomized, open-label, multi-center trial of JX-594 plus BSC versus BSC in patients with advanced HCC who have failed sorafenib treatment. Approximately 120 patients will be randomized 2:1 to experimental and control arm respectively. Randomization will be stratified by region (Asian vs non-Asian); sorafenib intolerant vs refractory; and presence vs absence of extra-hepatic disease. The primary objective is to determine overall survival in the 2 arms. Assuming a control median overall survival of 4.0 months and a target hazard ratio of 0.57 (corresponding to an experimental arm median survival of 7.0 months), 73 events (deaths) will provide 70% power at 1-sided alpha = 0.05 to detect a difference in overall survival between the treatment groups using a stratified logrank test. Patients randomized to JX-594 will receive a dose of 10 9 plaque forming units (pfu) IV on Day 1 followed by five IT treatments between Day 8 and Week 18. Main inclusion criteria are advanced HCC having failed sorafenib (intolerance or radiographic progression during or &lt; 3 months following last sorafenib), Child-Pugh A-B7 (no ascites), acceptable hematologic function. Enrollment has begun on this study with clinical trial registry number of NCT01387555.
TAFSSL: Task-Adaptive Feature Sub-Space Learning for few-shot\n classification (2020)

The field of Few-Shot Learning (FSL), or learning from very few (typically\n$1$ or $5$) examples per novel class (unseen during training), has received a\nlot of attention and significant performance advances in the recent literature.\nWhile number of techniques have been proposed for FSL, several factors have\nemerged as most important for FSL performance, awarding SOTA even to the\nsimplest of techniques. These are: the backbone architecture (bigger is\nbetter), type of pre-training on the base classes (meta-training vs regular\nmulti-class, currently regular wins), quantity and diversity of the base\nclasses set (the more the merrier, resulting in richer and better adaptive\nfeatures), and the use of self-supervised tasks during pre-training (serving as\na proxy for increasing the diversity of the base set). In this paper we propose\nyet another simple technique that is important for the few shot learning\nperformance - a search for a compact feature sub-space that is discriminative\nfor a given few-shot test task. We show that the Task-Adaptive Feature\nSub-Space Learning (TAFSSL) can significantly boost the performance in FSL\nscenarios when some additional unlabeled data accompanies the novel few-shot\ntask, be it either the set of unlabeled queries (transductive FSL) or some\nadditional set of unlabeled data samples (semi-supervised FSL). Specifically,\nwe show that on the challenging miniImageNet and tieredImageNet benchmarks,\nTAFSSL can improve the current state-of-the-art in both transductive and\nsemi-supervised FSL settings by more than $5\\%$, while increasing the benefit\nof using unlabeled data in FSL to above $10\\%$ performance gain.\n
Compliant probe substrates for testing high pin-count chip scale packages (2003)

The ultra high I/O density sea of leads (SoL) chip-scale package (Bakir et al, Proc. 52nd Electron. and Comp. Tech. Conf., 2002) has the potential to revolutionize testability of a gigascale system-on-a-chip (SoC). With this wafer-level packaging technology, testing and burn-in can be migrated to the wafer-level. The parallel nature of wafer-level testing and burn-in, facilitated by SoL, can drive down the cost of obtaining a packaged known good die. The extremely high I/O density of the SoL package, typically 12,000 I/O/cm/sup 2/, provides access to internal nodes on a chip. Greater node access enables partitioning of the device-under-test (DUT) into smaller units while maintaining the ability to control and observe them. In turn, smaller units for testing equates to reduced test vector sets and shorter test times - a much sought after objective. A compliant probe technology has been developed to contact the SoL package. It provides a high-density, low-parasitic, and reliable interface between the package and automated test equipment (ATE) during testing. The compliant probes when used jointly with SoL offer a novel approach to efficiently testing a future SoC.
Design Scheme of New Tetragonal Heusler Compounds for Spin‐Transfer Torque Applications and its Experimental Realization (2012)

Band Jahn-Teller type structural instabilities of cubic Mn(2)YZ Heusler compounds causing tetragonal distortions can be predicted by ab initio band-structure calculations. This allows for identification of new Heusler materials with tunable magnetic and structural properties that can satisfy the demands for spintronic applications, such as in spin-transfer torque-based devices.