gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibiting GPI Anchor Biosynthesis in Fungi Stresses the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Enhances Immunogenicity (2012)

In fungi, the anchoring of proteins to the plasma membrane via their covalent attachment to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is essential and thus provides a valuable point of attack for the development of antifungal therapeutics. Unfortunately, studying the underlying biology of GPI-anchor synthesis is difficult, especially in medically relevant fungal pathogens because they are not genetically tractable. Compounding difficulties, many of the genes in this pathway are essential in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we report the discovery of a new small molecule christened gepinacin (for GPI acylation inhibitor) which selectively inhibits Gwt1, a critical acyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of fungal GPI anchors. After delineating the target specificity of gepinacin using genetic and biochemical techniques, we used it to probe key, therapeutically relevant consequences of disrupting GPI anchor metabolism in fungi. We found that, unlike all three major classes of antifungals in current use, the direct antimicrobial activity of this compound results predominantly from its ability to induce overwhelming stress to the endoplasmic reticulum. Gepinacin did not affect the viability of mammalian cells nor did it inhibit their orthologous acyltransferase. This enabled its use in co-culture experiments to examine Gwt1's effects on host-pathogen interactions. In isolates of Candida albicans, the most common fungal pathogen in humans, exposure to gepinacin at sublethal concentrations impaired filamentation and unmasked cell wall β-glucan to stimulate a pro-inflammatory cytokine response in macrophages. Gwt1 is a promising antifungal drug target, and gepanacin is a useful probe for studying how disrupting GPI-anchor synthesis impairs viability and alters host-pathogen interactions in genetically intractable fungi.
Estimation of polydispersity in aggregating red blood cells by quantitative ultrasound backscatter analysis (2018)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Molecular Lines, Rigid Linear Molecules with Nanometer Scale Dimensions. (1988)

Abstract Diels‐Alder reaction of the bis(furo)anthraquinone (I) and the N‐aryl maleimide (II) gives a mixture of the mono‐ and bisadducts (III) and (IV) which are transformed into the linear polyacenequinone derivatives (V), (VII), and (VIII).
Posterior Cervical Fusion with Local Anesthesia (1987)

A technique is described for posterior cervical stabilization with wire and fusion using iliac crest bone graft, performed under local anesthesia. Thirty-four consecutive cases performed at Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center are reviewed. In patients with unstable cervical spines and variable degrees of neurologic injury, posterior stabilization and fusion using local anesthesia allows the patient to interact with the surgeon during crucial moments of spinal manipulation. The technique is well tolerated by patients, and no untoward complications have occurred with use of this technique.
Ramping New IC Products in the Deep Submicron Age (2000)

It is well known that the majority of the potential profits are early in a products life. This is especially true in product segments such as system on a chip, graphics accelerators, microprocessors, and memory. The spoils in these segments go the company who gets its product to market first. At the same time, the investments required to produce the next generation products is going up at an accelerated pace. As a result, companies are sharing the investment by working with more third party suppliers. Today, a chip will be designed with 3rd party EDA tools and using commercial IP. It is often manufactured in commercial foundries, and tested and assembled a separate company. When the product is not meeting yield and performance, how are the issues resolved? Eventually, these yield issues are resolved, but often not before the profitable part of the product's life-style is complete. In this presentation we describe new methodologies, tools and services, which can help, turn designs into products. We will summarize the key technical issues, which make performance and yield targets difficult to meet given the product's life-style constraints and demonstrate how these new methodologies can greatly change the production ramp. Examples of these methods applied to advanced products such as microprocessors, embedded DRAM, and system on a chip, and DRAM will be provided.
Carbonation Mechanism of Highly Fluid Concrete Added with Slowly Cooled Blast Furnace Slag Powder. (2002)

It was clarified that highly fluid concrete (HFC) added with slowly cooled blast furnace slag powder (CFS) showed the same degree strength of as that of HFC added with lime stone powder (LSP) and that it was hard to carbonation. The HFC added with CFS showed a greater increase in strength during the carbonation process as compared with the HFC added with LSP and, as a result, pore volume decreased as well to become rigid and dense. We assumed that carbonation after that was suppressed thereafter. It was also found that, as a result of carbonation, melilite and α-CS, which were main components of the CFS, reacted as well.
Enantioselective CC Bond Activation of Allenyl Cyclobutanes: Access to Cyclohexenones with Quaternary Stereogenic Centers (2008)

Chiral rhodium(I) complexes activate allenyl tert-cyclobutanols efficiently through enantioselective insertion into a CC σ bond of the cyclobutane (see scheme; cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene, DTBM=3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl). Ring expansion by this method produced cyclohexenones with quaternary stereogenic centers with excellent enantioselectivity. The catalyst loading can be decreased to just 0.1 mol % in rhodium. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ultrafast spin tunneling and injection in coupled nanostructures of InGaAs quantum dots and quantum well (2014)

We investigate the electron-spin injection dynamics via tunneling from an In0.1Ga0.9As quantum well (QW) to In0.5Ga0.5As quantum dots (QDs) in coupled QW-QDs nanostructures. These coupled nanostructures demonstrate ultrafast (5 to 20 ps) spin injection into the QDs. The degree of spin polarization up to 45% is obtained in the QDs after the injection, essentially depending on the injection time. The spin injection and conservation are enhanced with thinner barriers due to the stronger electronic coupling between the QW and QDs.
RUL Prediction for Individual Units Based on Condition Monitoring Signals With a Change Point (2014)

In this article, we propose a method to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) for individual units based on condition monitoring signals with a change point. In this work, we assume the units are subject to hard failure. The existence of a sudden change point in the condition monitoring signal indicates an increase of the probability of system failure. Therefore, this information should be considered in the RUL prediction. In the proposed method, an extended form of the joint prognostic model (JPM) considering a change point (JPM-C) is proposed, and the change point is detected according to the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The advantageous features of the proposed method have been shown through a numerical simulation, and a case study of the battery useful life prediction.
Scintillation properties of RE 2Hf2O7 (RE = La, Gd, Lu) single crystals prepared by xenon arc floating zone furnace (2018)

Pyrochlore La2Hf2O7, Gd2Hf2O7, and Lu2Hf2O7 single crystals were successfully grown by using an optical floating zone furnace. The synthesized crystals exhibit scintillation with a broad emission peaking around 440–510 nm. The crystal quality and luminescence intensity are sufficiently high that it is applicable for pulse height spectrum measurements. Under 241Am alpha-ray exposure, the pulse height spectrum indicates the estimated light yield of a La2Hf2O7 crystal is 270 photons/MeV.
A programmable, multi-GHz, wide-range duty cycle correction circuit in 45nm CMOS process (2012)

A 2GHz wide input dynamic range (25%-75%) duty cycle corrector (DCC) circuit with ±2% output duty cycle accuracy is presented. This DCC circuit supports input frequency ranging from 1GHz to 2GHz. The proposed circuit is implemented in 45nm low voltage (0.9V to 1.4V) digital CMOS process. Presented DCC consumes only 1.4mW and occupies 0.01 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area. Built-in-self test method is used to test this circuit in production and shows 99.98% pass percentage in silicon.
Strain-compensated InGa(As)P-InAsP active regions for 1.3-μm wavelength lasers (1998)

The demonstration of an optimized strain compensated multiple-quantum-well (MQW) active region for use in 1.3-μm wavelength lasers is described. Utilizing narrow bandgap tensile-strained InGaAsP instead of wide bandgap InGaP barriers in strain-compensated lasers, we observe a reduction in threshold current density (Jth) from 675 to 310 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and in T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> from 75 K to 65 K for 2-mm long seven quantum-well devices. Additionally, the lowest reported Jth for MBE grown 1.3-μm wavelength lasers of 120 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for single-quantum-well (SQW) 45-mm-long lasers was attained.
A Compact Design of Planar Array Antenna with Fractal Elements for Future Generation Applications (2016)

In this paper, a planar phased array fractal antenna for the future fifth generation (5G) applications is presented. The proposed array antenna is designed to operate at 22 GHz. 64 patch antenna elements with coaxial-probe feeds have been used for the proposed design. The antenna elements are based on Vicsek fractal geometry where the third iteration patches operate over a wide bandwidth and contribute to improve the efficiency and realized gain performance. The designed planar array has more than 22 dB realized gain and-0.3 dB total efficiency when its beam is tilted to 0° elevation. The antenna configuration is simple, easy to fabricate and can be integrated into 5G devices. Simulated and measured results are presented to validate the usefulness of the proposed phased array antenna for 5G applications. Index Terms ─ 5G wireless communications, fractal antenna, patch antenna, planar phased array.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activity regulates apoptosis in HeLa cells after alkylating DNA damage (2008)

Majority of chemotherapeutic agents inhibit tumor growth by inducing apoptosis or necrosis. The DNA alkylating agent, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), kills cells by necrosis through massive production of DNA strand breaks and subsequent over-activation of PARP. Inhibition of PARP, either through PARP1 genetic ablation or through small molecule PARP inhibitors, protected MNNG-induced cell death in certain cell types including MEF and primary cortical cultures. We report here that a potent PARP inhibitor, ABT-888, facilitates the induction of apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells treated with MNNG. Although the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol was observed in HeLa cells treated with either MNNG alone or the combination of MNNG and ABT-888 (MNNG/ABT-888), apoptosis is observed only in HeLa cells treated with MNNG/ABT-888. Bcl-2 family proteins regulate the release of cytochrome c. Downregulation of Bax and Bak by their corresponding siRNAs or overexpression of Bcl-xl inhibited the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, and inhibited apoptosis induced by MNNG/ABT-888. Further examination indicates that ATP concentration is greatly reduced in HeLa cells treated with MNNG alone, but not in HeLa cells treated with MNNG/ABT-888. Reduction of ATP concentration by F0F1-ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin A renders HeLa cells resistant to the apoptosis induction by treatment with MNNG/ABT-888. Unlike in HeLa cells, ABT-888 protected MNNG induced cell death in normal human fibroblasts. Our study provides evidence that PARP activity determines the fate of HeLa cells by regulating the level of ATP after treatment with MNNG.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Novel Factor Xa Inhibitors: 4‐Aryloxy Substituents of 2,6‐Diphenoxypyridines. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Impact of the Off-site Monitoring Clinic (Virtual Monitoring Clinic)on the Practice of Outpatient Rheumatology in a Tertiary Centre during theCOVID-19 Pandemic (2020)

The ongoing pandemic in Singapore is part of a global pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To control the spread of COVID-19 and prevent the healthcare system from being overwhelmed, 'circuit breaker' measures were introduced between 7 April and 1 June 2020 in Singapore. There is thus a crucial need for innovative approaches to the provision and delivery of healthcare in the context of safe-distancing by harnessing telemedicine, especially for patients with chronic diseases who have traditionally been managed in tertiary institutions. We present a summary of how the Virtual Monitoring Clinic has benefited the practice of our outpatient rheumatology service during the COVID-19 pandemic. The virtual consultations address the need for safe-distancing by limiting face-to-face appointments and unnecessary exposure of patients to the hospital where feasible. This approach ensures that the patients are monitored appropriately for drug toxicities and side-effects, maintained on good disease control, and provided with patient education.
Soft-tissue removal by the 193-nm excimer laser in a strongly absorbing liquid environment (1994)

The 193 nm excimer laser delivered through special tips into biological liquid environments was applied to two different fields of microsurgery and two mechanism of tissue ablation were found to be operative. In vitreoretinal surgical applications, where the tip exit diameter was about 250 micrometers , the effective cutting regime of retina and vitreoretinal membranes occurred at energy fluences of about 250 - 350 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>/pulse with a corresponding cutting depth of 50 - 150 micrometers /pulse. Gas bubbles, formed at the tip exit when it touched the tissue during irradiation, seem to be the driving force underlying the cutting process. This enabled us to achieve a much deeper cut in tissue than a micron-sized laser penetration depth. The system was applied to bovine and rabbit retina and rabbit vitreoretinal membranes and it was found that such tissue removal is fast enough for real vitreoretinal applications and the cut depth control is still good enough for this microsurgery. In the application of this system to drilling of 4 - 8 micrometers diameter holes in the zona pellucida of oocytes the optimal energy fluence is about 40 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>/pulse with an ablation depth of about 2 micrometers /pulse. In this case no bubbles are formed and the process seems to be a non-explosive photodissociation of the tissue with subsequent slow dissolution of the products. This mechanism, in contrast to the vitreoretinal tissue removal, was found to be very selective to the type of material being ablated. This process was studied on a model of 20% gelatin gel, which is very close to the ablation properties of the zona pellucida.
Solid Phase Synthesis of 1,5-Diarylpyrazole-4-carboxamides: Discovery of Antagonists of the CB-1 Receptor (2012)

We have developed a solid phase synthesis route to 1,5-substituted pyrazole-4-carboxamides with three diversity points aimed at the discovery of new compounds as potential G-Protein coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands. The new chemistry involves acylation of a resin bound secondary amine with a β-ketoester via transamidation, conversion of the resulting β-ketoamide to the corresponding vinylogous amide, pyrazole formation upon reaction with a aryl hydrzine, and cleavage of the product from the resin. Using the reported methodology, we describe the syntheses of multiple arrays of pyrazoles that were used collectively to construct a library of more than 1000 analogues. Several members of this library displayed submicromolar antagonist activities at the cannabinoid subtype 1 (CB-1) receptor.
Revised diagnostic criteria for plasma cell leukemia: results of a Mayo Clinic study with comparison of outcomes to multiple myeloma (2018)

The current definition of plasma cell leukemia (PCL)- ≥ 20% circulating plasma cells (CPCs) on peripheral smear and plasma cell count ≥ 2 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L-may be too stringent. We reviewed outcomes of 176 multiple myeloma (MM) patients diagnosed between 1971 and 2016, and who had CPCs detectable at diagnosis, to determine whether a lower threshold could be used to diagnose PCL. Median overall survival (mOS) was 1.1 years (95% CI 0.8-1.4) and was similar between patients with < 5% (n = 54, mOS = 1.4 years [0.7-2.0]), 5-19% (n = 63, mOS = 1.1 years [0.7-1.4]), and ≥ 20% CPCs (n = 59, mOS = 1.1 years [0.7-1.5], p = 0.349). As survival was similar between those with 5-19% and ≥ 20% CPCs, we stratified patients by < 5% (mOS = 1.4 years [0.7-2.0]) and ≥ 5% CPCs (mOS = 1.1 years [0.8-1.4], p = 0.154). Outcomes of those with ≥ 5% CPCs were much poorer when compared with a cohort of MM patients diagnosed between 1971 and 2016, who did not have CPCs at diagnosis (n = 9724, mOS = 4.4 yrs [4.3-4.5], p < 0.001); survival was also lower in patients diagnosed after 2001 with ≥ 5% CPCs (n = 62, mOS = 1.4 years [0.8-2.5]) compared with patients with standard risk (n = 1326, mOS = 7.5 years [7.0-8.7]) and high-risk MM (n = 381, mOS = 4.3 years [3.5-4.9], p < 0.001). We therefore propose that the definition of PCL be revised to patients with ≥ 5% CPCs on peripheral blood smear, who otherwise meet diagnostic criteria for MM.
[Posttraumatic club-hand. Therapeutic problems (apropos of 5 cases)]. (1982)

Progressive radial deviation after epiphyseal separation in children is a rare complication. It is related to an imbalance of residual growth potential of the lower ends of the radius and ulna together. The functional disability is generally moderate. 5 cases were observed by the authors, all of which were treated surgically. The mechanism of the deformity and the surgical techniques are described. These are lengthening of the radius, angulation osteotomy of the radius, shortening of the ulna or epiphysiodeses. In some cases, operative excision of a partial epiphyseal closure can be done provided that there has been a close follow up after the trauma and an early diagnosis.
Application of a C-tuner to Aperture Tuning of a Handset Antenna Inspired by Characteristic Modes (2019)

In this paper, an approach to develop a tunable antenna for small terminals or smartphones is presented. Instead of tuning a self resonant antenna structure, a generic setup with a capacitive coupling element as common in current mobiles is used. To tune this antenna, the promising approach of aperture tuning is implemented. To realize this, a 5 bit C-tuner is used as tunable element at the antennas aperture. The positioning of the tuning element is shown based on a development process combining characteristic modes, full-wave field simulations and circuit simulations with Advanced Design System (ADS). Combined with a switched impedance tuning circuit, it is possible to tune this generic antenna element for low- and midband operation.
Alpha‐Factor Pro‐Peptide N‐linked Oligosaccharides Facilitate Secretion of the Insulin Precursor in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (1998)

To evaluate the possible relationship between N-linked glycosylation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-factor pro-peptide and transport of the alpha-factor pro-peptide/insulin precursor fusion protein through the Saccharomyces cerevisiae secretory pathway, we analysed secretion of insulin precursor facilitated by alpha-factor pro-peptides with one or more of the three N-linked glycosylation sites removed. Mutation of the three alpha-factor pro-peptide N-linked glycosylation sites drastically decreased insulin precursor secretion. The three alpha-factor pro-peptide N-linked glycosylation sites differ in their ability to facilitate secretion of the insulin precursor. The two alpha-factor pro-peptide N-linked glycosylation sites localized closest to the insulin precursor contributed significantly to secretion, whereas the most N-terminally linked glycosylation site did not appear to facilitate secretion. Only correctly folded insulin precursor was found in the culture supernatant, regardless of the pro-peptide used for secretion, indicating that alpha-factor pro-peptide N-linked oligosaccharide chains are not necessary for correct folding of the insulin precursor. Thus, N-linked glycosylation facilitates intracellular transport of the alpha-factor propeptide/insulin precursor fusion protein through the Saccharomyces cerevisiae secretory pathway and secretion of the insulin precursor. N-linked glycosylation per se is not sufficient to facilitate secretion of the insulin precursor; the position of the N-linked oligosaccharide chain on the alpha-factor pro-peptide is important for facilitating efficient secretion.
Analog Path for Triple Band WCDMA Polar Modulated Transmitter in 90nm CMOS (2007)

We present a fully integrated analog path for a 3G polar transmitter in 90nm CMOS. It includes a quad band Digitally Controlled Oscillator providing modulation for the phase data and a single stage Digital Pre-Power Amplifier that combines the phase and amplitude signals while providing the dynamic range for WCDMA. The chip, with integrated LDOs, consumes 60mA from a 1.4V supply while providing 11dBm CW power at 1950MHz, 87dB dynamic range without any calibration, and PN of - 157dBc/Hz at 40MHz.
Development of multi-component explosive lenses for arbitrary phase velocity generation (2013)

The combination of explosives with different detonation velocities and lens-like geometric shaping is a well-established technique for producing phased detonation waves of a desired shape. This technique can be extended to produce nearly arbitrary detonation phase velocities for the purposes of sequentially imploding pressurized tubes, driving Mach disks or directing blast and fragmentation. This paper presents the theoretical development and experimental testing of two types of explosive lenses designed to produce either of these effects.