gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IFN-α and IL-18 synergistically enhance IFN-γ production in human NK cells: differential regulation of Stat4 activation and IFN-γ gene expression by IFN-α and IL-12 (2001)

IFN-gamma, a product of NK and T cells, is a key cytokine contributing innate and adaptive immunity. IFN-gamma production is induced via direct cell-cell contacts with APC and IFN-gamma -producing cells or by cytokines. During microbial infections macrophage-derived IFN-alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 enhance IFN-gamma production and Th1 response. Here we show that IFN-alpha in combination with IL-18 very efficiently induces IFN-gamma expression also in primary, nonactivated NK cells and in NK-92 cell line. Comparison of the kinetics of IFN-gamma mRNA expression in nonactivated NK cells, NK-92 cells and activated T cells stimulated with IFN-alpha or IL-12 revealed that, although both of these cytokines directly up-regulate IFN-gamma mRNA expression, its levels remain elevated much longer with IL-12 stimulation. In both NK cells and T cells, Stat4 is known to be critical in IL-12 and IFN-alpha signaling. We show that Stat4 activation is transient in cells stimulated with IFN-alpha, whereas IL-12 induces more long-lasting activation of the transcription factor. This prolonged activation of IFN-gamma gene by IL-12 may result in more efficient IFN-gamma production compared to that of IFN-alpha. Our results demonstrate that IFN-alpha and IL-18 are important innate cytokines in inducing NK cell IFN-gamma production.
Reliability of direct sequencing of EGFR: comparison between cytological and histological samples from the same patient. (2011)

The results of a recent study have shown the superiority of treatment with gefitinib or erlotinib in lung tumors positive for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. As a consequence, the complete diagnosis of lung cancer cannot be limited to histotype classification, but should include a series of molecular biology analyses. In most cases, the diagnosis of lung cancer is performed on cytological specimens; therefore, there is a need to obtain a complete and reliable molecular diagnosis on cytologic specimens. Brushing, transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) and broncho alveolar lavage during fibro-bronchoscopy allow the sampling of the lung and the mediastinal lymph node. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that direct sequencing of exons 19 and 21 of EGFR in lung tumors, carried out on the cytological samples obtained through fibro-bronchoscopy, is as reliable as the same analysis carried out on a histological surgical sample obtained from the same individual. We considered 50 patients with a histological diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma whose cytological samples, obtained by fibro-bronchoscopy and histological samples, obtained by surgical resection were available. A comparison of the sensitivity and reliability of the molecular biology analyses carried out on histological and cytological samples of the same patient was carried out. The combined mutation percentage of exons 19 and 21 of EGFR was 10%. The results of the analyses carried out on cytological samples matched those obtained from the histological samples. The feasibility of EGFR analysis on cytological samples has already been demonstrated in previous studies, however these studies referred to the method of fluorescence in situ hybridization, or did not perform any comparison between histological samples from the same patient; our work, on the other hand, shows that direct sequencing of exons 19 and 21 of the EGFR gene is feasible on fibro-bronchoscopy cytological samples with the same reliability offered by the histological samples obtained from the same patient.
Application of the method of auxiliary sources to the wide-band electromagnetic induction problem (2002)

The Method of Auxiliary Sources (MAS) is formulated and applied to solution of wide-band electromagnetic induction problems involving highly conducting and possibly permeable metallic objects. Improved remote sensing discrimination of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) motivates the study. The method uses elementary auxiliary magnetic charges and magnetic current elements to produce the unknown field. Auxiliary sources are located on virtual surfaces that usually conform to but do not coincide with the real surface of the object. Once the source coefficients are determined, the-secondary field can easily be found. The method involves no confrontations with source or Green's function singularities. It is capable of treating penetrable as well as nonpenetrable objects. Because the solution is composed of fields that automatically satisfy the governing equations, by construction, all approximation resides only in the enforcement of boundary conditions at matching (collocation) points. Accuracy in satisfying the boundary conditions can be evaluated explicitly using noncollocation points over the surface. This in turn allows one to identify problem areas on the surface and make intelligent adjustments of the source distributions, to improve solutions at minimal cost. A general 3D formulation is presented, and a version specialized to treat bodies of revolution is applied in the specific test cases discussed.
Impact of the Zeolite Cage Structure on Product Selectivity in CO-assisted Direct Partial Oxidation of Methane over Rh Supported AEI-, CHA-, and AFX-type Zeolites (2021)

In this manuscript, we have demonstrated CO-assisted methane conversion into small oxygenates using a Rh catalyst supported on zeolites with AEI-, CHA-, and AFX-type structures (specifically, SSZ-39, SSZ-13, and SSZ-16 zeolites, respectively). Methanol, formic acid, and acetic acid were obtained as the oxygenate products and their selectivities were unique to each of the zeolite framework structures. Smaller cage structures were preferable to produce smaller oxygenates and vice versa. Among them, the AEI-type structure was highly selective (>80%) in the formation of methanol. CO-assisted direct methane conversion was demonstrated with Rh supported cage-type zeolites. The AEI-type zeolite showed high selectivity in methanol production.
Workshop 5 — Interpretation redefined for the year 2000 (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993Workshop 5 — Interpretation redefined for the year 2000Authors: David JohnstonWilliam BrumbaughJack KerfootFarouk AhmadWoodson GodfreySam LeRoyDavid JohnstonExxon, William BrumbaughConoco, Jack KerfootConoco, Farouk AhmadPOSC, Woodson GodfreyPaleoSource, and Sam LeRoyPaleoSourcehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822412 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822412FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION David Johnston, William Brumbaugh, Jack Kerfoot, Farouk Ahmad, Woodson Godfrey, and Sam LeRoy, (1993), "Workshop 5 — Interpretation redefined for the year 2000," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1392-1392. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822412 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Reaching a Double-Digit Dielectric Constant with Fullerene Derivatives (2020)

The dielectric constant (eᵣ) of organic semiconductors is a key material parameter for improving device performance in the field of organic electronics. However, the effect of the dielectric constant on the electronic and optoelectronic properties of materials remains unclear due to the scarcity of known organic semiconductors with an eᵣ value higher than 6. Herein, the optical and electronic properties of a homologous series of fullerene derivatives with high eᵣ are studied. The low frequency (<10⁶ Hz) eᵣ is extracted from the capacitance measured using impedance spectroscopy, and the effect of length (n) and geometrical arrangement of the polar ethylene glycol (EG) side chains is investigated. The eᵣ is found to correlate with length for the symmetrical Bingel adducts, whereas for the unsymmetrical branched-EG chain adducts there is no significant difference between the two EG chain lengths. For BTrEG-2, the eᵣ reaches 10, which is an unprecedented value in monoadduct fullerene derivatives. These materials open up new possibilities of studying the effect of eᵣ in organic electronic devices such as organic photovoltaics, organic thermoelectrics, and organic field-effect transistors.
Chemokine Receptor CCR1 But Not CCR5 Mediates Leukocyte Recruitment and Subsequent Renal Fibrosis after Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (2004)

As chemokine receptor CCR1 and CCR5 expression on circulating leukocytes is thought to contribute to leukocyte recruitment during renal fibrosis, the authors examined the effects of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice deficient for CCR1 or CCR5. Analysis of UUO kidneys from CCR1-deficient mice revealed a reduction of interstitial macrophages and lymphocytes (35% and 55%, respectively) compared with wild-type controls. CCR1-deficient mice had reduced CCR5 mRNA levels in UUO kidneys, which correlated with a reduction of CCR5+ T cell infiltrate as determined by flow cytometry. Interstitial fibroblasts, renal TGF-beta1 mRNA expression, interstitial volume, and collagen I deposits were all significantly reduced in CCR1-deficient mice. In contrast, renal leukocytes and fibrosis were unaffected in CCR5-deficient mice with UUO. However, if treated with the CCR1 antagonist BX471, CCR5-deficient mice showed a similar reduction of renal leukocytes and fibrosis as CCR1-deficient mice. To determine the underlying mechanism labeled macrophages and T cells isolated from either wild-type, CCR1-deficient, or CCR5-deficient mice were injected into wild-type mice with UUO. Three hours later, renal cell recruitment was reduced for CCR1-deficient cells or cells pretreated with BX471 compared with CCR5-deficient or wild-type cells. Thus, CCR1 but not CCR5 is required for leukocyte recruitment and fibrosis after UUO in mice. Therefore, CCR1 is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in leukocyte-mediated fibrotic tissue injury, e.g. progressive renal fibrosis.
Amylin Release During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (1997)

The role of amylin in the beta-cell dysfunction that occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus may be important. Amyloid deposits are found in the pancreata of subjects with Type 2 diabetes and may contribute to beta-cell death. It is therefore necessary to study amylin secretion and kinetics to determine whether elevated levels of the peptide are due to elevated secretion, reduced clearance or both. The aim of this study was to measure amylin dynamics during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We also used a mathematical model of beta-cell activity to assess the secretion and kinetics of C-peptide, insulin and amylin in humans during an OGTT. In particular, we were interested in characterizing the physiological meaning of one of the terms in the model, the amylin/C-peptide co-secretion factor (sigma). The model has been used in several pathophysiological conditions and results indicate an elevated secretion and clearance of amylin in glucose-intolerant states. Amylin clearance has been found to be similar to that of C-peptide, and much slower than that of insulin. In this study, direct measurements of insulin and amylin secretion in five obese subjects yielded an estimate of the amylin/insulin co-secretion factor of 0.004 with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.002. The point estimate of hepatic clearance was 80 ml min(-1), which was much lower than that of insulin (507 +/- 94 ml min[-1]). In addition, the estimated hepatic clearance was not significantly different from zero given its high SD of 213 ml min(-1). The absence of hepatic extraction of amylin is therefore a plausible hypothesis, which is also supported by the similarity between amylin and C-peptide clearances. This observation characterizes the physiological meaning of sigma and suggests that this parameter is associated mainly with beta-cell secretion.
Nanofabrication of Broad-Band Antireflective Surfaces Using Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers (2011)

We present a simple and cost-effective method for the fabrication of antireflective surfaces by self-assembly of block copolymers and subsequent plasma etching. The block copolymers create randomly oriented periodic patterns, which are further transferred into fused silica substrates. The reflection on the patterned fused silica surface is reduced to well below 1% in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared ranges by exploiting subwavelength nanostructures with periodicities down to 48 nm. We show that by choosing the appropriate block copolymers and pattern transfer parameters the optical properties of the antireflective surface can be easily tuned, and the spectral measurements verify a significant reduction of the reflectivity by a factor of 10. The experiments, confirmed with simulations based on rigorous diffraction theory, also show that the tapered shape of the nanostructures gives rise to a graded index surface, resulting in a broad-band antireflective behavior.
Fire behaviour of carbon fibre epoxy composite for aircraft: Novel test bench and experimental study (2015)

A versatile fire test has been developed with a complete set of instrumentation to investigate the fire behaviour of carbon fibre epoxy composite designed for aircraft. During a single test, both condensed and gas phases can be simultaneously studied measuring the temperature profile and the mass loss and studying the nature and quantity of volatile gaseous species. This novel test bench is compliant with two aeronautical certification fire tests: ISO2685:1998(E) and FAR25.856(b):2003. Titanium coupons have been first submitted to fire to validate the testing method. Composite coupons have been evaluated to examine completely their fire behaviour. To go further in the investigation, post-fire analyses have been performed using X-ray microtomographic images of coupons exposed to fire. Thus, the phenomena identified during the test are the apparition of cracks in the virgin material, the thermal degradation, the migration of evolved gases through the material up to both side and the thermal delamination.
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of ellagitannins and galloyl esters isolated from Melaleuca styphelioides on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells (2016)

Context In a previous study, the total extract of Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. (Myrtaceae) showed a significant hepatoprotective effect in a CCl4-induced toxicity model in mice. However, the active components responsible for the activity of the extract were not identified. Objective To determine the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of the isolated pure compounds from M. styphelioides leaves using the CCl4-challenged HepG2 cell model. Materials and methods The hepatoprotective activity of the compounds (at concentrations of 100, 50 and 25 μm), the total extract and silymarin (Sil) (100, 50 and 25 μg/ml) was determined by measuring the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) after pretreatment with the tested samples for one hour. Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) were estimated to determine the mechanisms of the hepatoprotective activity. Results Some compounds showed marked hepatoprotection, including tellimagrandin I, which produced 42, 36 and 31% decrease in ALT and 47, 43 and 37% decrease in AST, at the tested concentrations, respectively, pedunculagin (32, 32 and 30% decrease for ALT and 48, 48 and 45% for AST), tellimagrandin II (38, 32 and 26% decrease for ALT and 45, 40 and 34% for AST) and pentagalloyl glucose (30, 28 and 26% decrease for ALT and 45, 38 and 36% for AST). Tellimagrandin I and II showed the highest increase in GSH (113, 105 and 81% and 110, 103 and 79%, respectively), which was comparable to Sil. Pedunculagin produced the highest increase in SOD (497, 350 and 258%). Conclusion This study highlights promising natural hepatoprotective candidates derived from M. styphelioides.
Risk of cancer after assisted reproduction: a review of the available evidences and guidance to fertility counselors. (2018)

Women can be reassured that fertility drugs do not appear to significantly increase the risk of invasive ovarian, endometrial, breast or other cancers, while achieving a pregnancy at an earlier age is a significant protective factor.
Knightian Analysis of the VCG Mechanism in Unrestricted Combinatorial Auctions (2014)

We consider auctions in which the players have very limited knowledge about their own valuations. Specifically, the only information that a Knightian player $i$ has about the profile of true valuations, $θ^*$, consists of a set of distributions, from one of which $θ_i^*$ has been drawn. The VCG mechanism guarantees very high social welfare both in single- and multi-good auctions, so long as Knightian players do not select strategies that are dominated. With such Knightian players, however, we prove that the VCG mechanism guarantees very poor social welfare in unrestricted combinatorial auctions.
Supplementary Table S3 from RG7386, a Novel Tetravalent FAP-DR5 Antibody, Effectively Triggers FAP-Dependent, Avidity-Driven DR5 Hyperclustering and Tumor Cell Apoptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;FAP-drozitumab antibody-mediated apoptosis does not correlate with DR5.&lt;/p&gt;
Dental care in children with medical complexity: A retrospective study (2022)

This study highlights the importance of funding, access to paediatric dental specialists, and care coordination support to improve access to dental care for CMC to optimize oral health.
Optimization of Dual-Labeled Antibodies for Targeted Intraoperative Imaging of Tumors (2015)

For intraoperative imaging, antibodies labeled with both a radionuclide and a fluorophore may be used to tag the tumor lesion with a radiolabel and a fluorescent signal at high tumor to background ratios. However, labeling antibodies with fluorescent moieties may affect the in vivo behavior of the antibody depending on the dye to antibody substitution ratio. To investigate the optimal substitution ratio for use in dual-modality image-guided surgery, we conjugated three different antibodies, MN-14 (anti-CEACAM5), girentuximab (anti-CAIX), and cetuximab (anti-EGFR), with both diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA, for labeling with 111In) and IRdye 800CW at dye to antibody ratios of 0, 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 and assessed in vivo behavior. Biodistribution studies showed that at high dye to antibody ratios, liver uptake of the dual-labeled antibodies increased, whereas tumor uptake decreased. Conversely, very low ratios may not be optimal either because in that case, only a few antibody molecules will be dual-labeled (i.e., contain both a DTPA and an IRDye 800CW moiety), which may complicate interpretation of dual-modality data. The present study shows that, provided that the chelator to antibody ratio is high enough, a dye to antibody ratio in the range of 1 to 1.5 is optimal for antibody-targeted dual-modality imaging applications. However, the optimal configuration is antibody dependent and should be determined for each dual-labeled antibody individually.
In‐situ measurement of interfacial areas in the biphasic hydroformylation of long‐chain olefins (2020)

deactivation, the segregation of the reaction network was considered and experimentally implemented.In a two-stage reactor cascade, first, the aforementioned Ni/(Al)MCM-41 is applied to generate a hydrocarbon mixture of ethene and butene, and second, a commercially well-known W/SiO 2 catalyst is used for the cross-metathesis towards propene.In a developed miniplant setup, a beneficial reactor operation is obtained.The overall process selectivity is significantly enhanced to 80 %, providing a proof-ofconcept.
The kinetics of the heterogeneous reaction of BrONO2 with solid alkali halides at ambient temperature. A comparison with the interaction of ClONO2 on NaCl and KBr (1999)

The heterogeneous reactions of BrONO2 and ClONO2 with solid alkali halides have been investigated in a Teflon-coated Knudsen flow reactor at ambient temperature. The initial uptake coefficients γ0 of BrONO2 on NaCl and KBr substrates are γ0=0.31±0.12 and γ0=0.33±0.12, respectively. For NaCl substrates BrCl, Br2 and HCl and for KBr both Br2 and HBr are observed as products. HCl and HBr result from the interaction of NaCl and KBr, respectively, with HNO3 generated in the hydrolysis of BrONO2. Using NaCl we observed Br2 which is formed from heterogeneous BrONO2 decomposition which also occurs on solid KBr samples. Halogen exchange reactions are competing with hydrolysis and decomposition which also take place on non-reactive salts such as NaNO3 and Na2SO4. A high rate of initial uptake (0.2⩽γ0⩽0.4) and a Br2-yield of the order of 50% are observed on non-reactive salts with a closed mass balance for Br2. The ClONO2–salt system has been reinvestigated. Experiments on NaCl, KBr (reactive salts) and on NaNO3, Na2SO4 (non-reactive salts) have been performed. The hydrolysis of ClONO2 was not observable in contrast to heterogeneous decomposition which occurred on non-reactive salts with a Cl2-yield of (25±5)%. We fitted our uptake experiments using a simple Langmuir–Hinshelwood model with satisfactory results.
Cytochrome P450 Oxidase 2C Inhibition Adds to ω-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Protection Against Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization (2016)

Inhibition of CYP2C activity adds to the protective effects of ω-3 LCPUFA on pathological retinal neovascularization and CNV.
High performance barrier films for next generation photovoltaic module encapsulation (2008)

Flexible high barrier materials are needed for the use of future PV module technologies. R2R processes play a key roll for the production of e.g. a-Si, μc-Si, CIS, CIGS or CdTe modules. The requirements for such flexible high barrier materials are very demanding. Permeation values as low as 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−5</sup> g/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> day for water vapor transition (WVTR) and respectively 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−5</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> /m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> day atm for oxygen transition (OTR) are needed. The basic way to produce such materials is combining oxide layers (e.g. AlOx, SiOx) and barrier coatings with suitable polymer substrates.
Identification of high energy ions using backscattered particles in laser-driven ion acceleration with cluster-gas targets (2011)

A new diagnosis method for high energy ions utilizing a single CR-39 detector mounted on plastic plates is demonstrated to identify the presence of the high energy component beyond the CR-39's detection threshold limit. On irradiation of the CR-39 detector unit with a 25 MeV per nucleon He ion beam from conventional rf-accelerators, a large number of etch pits having elliptical opening shapes are observed on the rear surface of the CR-39. Detailed investigations reveal that these etch pits are created by heavy ions inelastically backscattered from the plastic plates. This ion detection method is applied to laser-driven ion acceleration experiments using cluster-gas targets, and ion signals with energies up to 50 MeV per nucleon are identified.