gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thiabenzenes. II. Evidence for an ylide model (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThiabenzenes. II. Evidence for an ylide modelJoseph Stackhouse, Bruce E. Maryanoff, G. H. Senkler Jr., and Kurt MislowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 17, 5650–5651Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00824a097https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00824a097research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robust hybrid quantum dot laser for integrated silicon photonics (2016)

We demonstrate the first quantum dot (QD) laser on a silicon substrate with efficient coupling of light to a silicon waveguide under the QD gain region. Continuous wave operation up to 100 °C and multiwavelength operation are demonstrated, paving the way towards highly efficient CMOS-compatible, uncooled, WDM sources.
Improved Fourier-based characterization of intracellular fractal features (2012)

A novel Fourier-based image analysis method for measuring fractal features is presented which can significantly reduce artifacts due to non-fractal edge effects. The technique is broadly applicable to the quantitative characterization of internal morphology (texture) of image features with well-defined borders. In this study, we explore the capacity of this method for quantitative assessment of intracellular fractal morphology of mitochondrial networks in images of normal and diseased (precancerous) epithelial tissues. Using a combination of simulated fractal images and endogenous two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) microscopy, our method is shown to more accurately characterize the exponent of the high-frequency power spectral density (PSD) of these images in the presence of artifacts that arise due to cellular and nuclear borders.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Electrophilic Species Equivalent to α‐Keto Cations. Reactions of O,O‐Diprotonated Nitroolefins with Benzenes Yield Arylmethyl Ketones. (1989)

Abstract The nitroalkenes (I) are diprotonated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, forming the dication salts (II) which are trapped with benzene (III), producing the benzylic ketones (IV).
Peroxidasin Deficiency Re-programs Macrophages Toward Pro-fibrolysis Function and Promotes Collagen Resolution in Liver (2022)

PXDN deficiency is associated with increased ROS levels and a hypoxic liver microenvironment that can regulate recruitment and programming of pro-resolution macrophages. Our data implicate the importance of the liver microenvironment in macrophage programming during liver fibrosis and suggest a novel pathway that is involved in the resolution of scar tissue.
Non-Uniformly Tiled CMOS Image Sensors for Efficient On-Chip Image Compression (2012)

We present a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with non-uniform pixel placement that enables a highly efficient calculation of the discrete cosine transform (DCT), which is the most mathematically intensive step of an image compression algorithm. This technique is based on the arithmetic Fourier transform (AFT), which has been shown to be five times more computationally efficient than DCT derivation methods commonly used. In this paper, the focus is on the basic theory and algorithm as well as the sensitivity of the method to image sensor fixed pattern noise (FPN). The architecture and circuits have been implemented in a conventional CMOS process. The method has been demonstrated in the current prototype and results that enable an assessment of the sensitivity to FPN have been obtained.
A 13.5‐in. Quad‐FHD flexible CAAC‐OS AMOLED display with long‐life OLED device structure (2014)

Abstract In this study, the device structure of a white tandem organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) was changed to control the emission area and thereby achieve less luminance decay. A long‐life 13.5‐inch 4 K flexible c‐axis‐aligned crystal oxide semiconductor (CAAC‐OS) active‐matrix OLED with less color shift and high resolution was fabricated using this long‐life white OLED, transfer technology, and a CAAC‐OS field‐effect transistor.
Advances in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (2002)

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation was originally developed as a method to rescue hematopoietic function following high dose "myeloablative" therapy in the treatment of hematological malignancies. In the first two decades of its use, dose-intensive chemotherapy alone was credited with curing those patients who achieved sustained remission following this procedure. However, more recently investigators have come to recognize that antineoplastic effects mediated by immunocompetent donor T-cells transplanted with the stem cell allograft can be induced against hematological malignancies. Indeed, this graft-vs-leukemia (GVL) or graft-vs-tumor (GVT) effect is now felt to represent the principal modality required to sustain durable remissions of hematological malignancies following this approach. The powerful and potentially curative nature of the GVT effect in hematological cancers has recently lured oncologists into exploring the therapeutic potential of allogeneic stem cell transplantation as an investigational approach for treatment-refractory solid tumors. We review here the development and early clinical results of allogeneic stem cell transplantation as potential immunotherapy for solid tumors.
SAFETY EVALUATION OF A HEAVY OIL-DEGRADING BACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS ERYTHROPOLIS C2. (2007)

The safety of an oil-degrading bacterium, C2 strain, was evaluated for utilization in an open system for bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments. The C2 strain was identified as Rhodococcus erythropolis by performing an alignment analysis of the whole 16S rRNA sequence. R. erythropolis was classified as a nonpathogenic (category 1) bacterium. Biological and biochemical properties of the C2 strain also confirmed its nonpathogenicity. The pathogenicity and basic ecotoxicity were studied in laboratory animals and in a variety of test species, respectively. General and inhalation toxicities were not detected; additionally, there was no evidence of skin irritation, mutagenic potential, eye irritation, skin sensitization, ecotoxicity or notable pathogenicity. The comparison of these results with human exposure levels and previously published data indicates that the C2 strain appears to be safe for utilization in bioremediation of polluted environments, requires no special occupational health precautions during the application process, and has a low environmental impact. This study suggests that the C2 strain could be suitable for bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments.
Pulsed Plasma Polymerization of Thiophene (2000)

Highly transparent (&gt;80%) and conductive layers (10-6 S/cm) were obtained by the pulsed plasma polymerization of thiophene. The influence of power, pressure, pulse time, duty cycle, and position in the reactor on the conductivity of the resulting plasma polymerized thiophene (PPT) layers was evaluated. In the used ranges, only pressure had a significant influence on the conductivity of the deposited layer. The results could be correlated to the effect of the deposition parameters on the fragmentation of the thiophene monomer. At high pressure there was less fragmentation of thiophene, resulting in a higher conductivity of the layer. It was shown that the use of a pulsed plasma as a means to minimize fragmentation is most efficient when the off time is chosen such that the reactor is replenished with new monomer during the off period.
Cloning and Expression of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and a Naturally Occurring Variant (1996)

Full-length cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) was cloned from U937 cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) while a naturally occurring variant of cPLA2, which lacks residues Val473-Ala749 but has a C-terminal extension of ILMNLSEYMLWMSKVKRFM (DcPLA2) was cloned from PMNLs and mononuclear leukocytes. We were unable to clone DcPLA2 from U937 cells. When cPLA2 and DcPLA2 were expressed in insect cells, both proteins were detected in cell lysates by SDS/PAGE as single bands of apparent molecular masses 100 kDa and 57 kDa, respectively. Full-length cPLA2 was phosphorylated stoichiometrically by p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in vitro at a similar rate to other physiological substrates of this protein kinase and the major site of phosphorylation was identified by amino acid sequencing as Ser505. [32P]Ser(P)505 in cPLA2 was only dephosphorylated at a slow rate by mammalian tissue homogenates. Protein phosphatases 2A, 2B and 2C all contributed significantly to the overall dephosphorylation of cPLA2. The phosphorylation of cPLA2 by p42 MAP kinase correlated with an approximately 1.5-fold increase in specific enzyme activity which was reversed by dephosphorylation.
Consequences of anion vacancy nearest-neighbor hopping in III-V compound semiconductors: Drift in InP metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (1985)

Diffusion experiments of Zn doped III-V superlattice structures have given strong evidence that the hopping of anion vacancies to nearest-neighbor sites, on the cation sublattice, is an important mode of atomic diffusion. A consequence of such hopping is the conversion of a donor state of the anion vacancy to multiple acceptor states of the cation vacancy-antisite defect complex that results. When a device is switched from depletion to accumulation, such hopping allows the material to adjust its defect distribution to a new equilibrium in the presence of the field. We show that observations of drift in InP metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistors, MISFETs, are consistent with this origin.
A Coupled Nanoindentation/SEM‐EDS Study on Low Water/Cement Ratio Portland Cement Paste: Evidence for C–S–H/Ca(OH) 2 Nanocomposites (2010)

A low water/cement ratio ( w/c =0.20) hydrated Portland cement paste was analyzed by grid‐indentation coupled with ex situ scanning electron microscope‐energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra (SEM‐EDS) analysis at each indentation point. Because finite element and Monte‐Carlo simulations showed that the microvolumes probed by each method are of comparable size (approximately 2 μm), the mechanical information provided by nanoindentation was directly comparable to the chemical information provided by SEM‐EDS. This coupled approach provided the opportunity to determine whether the local indentation response was a result of a single‐ or a multiphase response—the latter being shown predominant in the highly concentrated w/c =0.20 hydrated cement paste. Results indicate that, in the selected microvolumes where C–S–H and nanoscale Ca(OH) 2 (CH) are present, increasing fractions of CH increase the local indentation modulus (and hardness), yielding values above those reported for high‐density (HD) C–S–H. Micromechanical analyses show that C–S–H and CH are associated, not merely as a simple biphase mixture, but as an intimate nanocomposite where nanoscale CH reinforces C–S–H by partially filling the latter's gel pores. The paper discusses the mechanism of forming the C–S–H/CH nanocomposite, as well as the impact of nanocomposites on various macroscopic properties of concrete (e.g., shrinkage, expansion). On a general level, this study illustrates how a coupled nanoindentation/X‐ray microanalysis/micromechanics approach can provide otherwise inaccessible information on the nanomechanical properties of highly heterogeneous composites with intermixing at length scales smaller than the stress field in a nanoindentation experiment.
Low-voltage operation photodetector made by coupling superlattice and quantum wells (2005)

We have investigated a novel photodetector structure of coupling superlattice and quantum wells. This device can be operated at low bias range and even the photovoltaic mode. The broadband response is achieved by this structure.
TabletGaze: A Dataset and Baseline Algorithms for Unconstrained Appearance-based Gaze Estimation in Mobile Tablets. (2015)

We study gaze estimation on tablets; our key design goal is uncalibrated gaze
estimation using the front-facing camera during natural use of tablets, where
the posture and method of holding the tablet is not constrained. We collected
the first large unconstrained gaze dataset of tablet users, labeled Rice
TabletGaze dataset. The dataset consists of 51 subjects, each with 4 different
postures and 35 gaze locations. Subjects vary in race, gender and in their need
for prescription glasses, all of which might impact gaze estimation accuracy.
Driven by our observations on the collected data, we present a baseline
algorithm for automatic gaze estimation using multi-level HoG feature and
Random Forests regressor. The TabletGaze algorithm achieves a mean error of
3.17 cm. We perform extensive evaluation on the impact of various factors such
as dataset size, race, wearing glasses and user posture on the gaze estimation
accuracy and make important observations about the impact of these factors.
Boosting High-Level Vision with Joint Compression Artifacts Reduction and Super-Resolution (2021)

Due to the limits of bandwidth and storage space, digital images are usually down-scaled and compressed when transmitted over networks, resulting in loss of details and jarring artifacts that can lower the performance of high-level visual tasks. In this paper, we aim to generate an artifact-free high-resolution image from a low-resolution one compressed with an arbitrary quality factor by exploring joint compression artifacts reduction (CAR) and super-resolution (SR) tasks. First, we propose a context-aware joint CAR and SR neural network (CAJNN) that integrates both local and non-local features to solve CAR and SR in one-stage. Finally, a deep reconstruction network is adopted to predict high quality and high-resolution images. Evaluation on CAR and SR benchmark datasets shows that our CAJNN model outperforms previous methods and also takes 26.2% shorter runtime. Based on this model, we explore addressing two critical challenges in high-level computer vision: optical character recognition of low-resolution texts, and extremely tiny face detection. We demonstrate that CAJNN can serve as an effective image preprocessing method and improve the accuracy for real-scene text recognition (from 85.30% to 85.75%) and the average precision for tiny face detection (from 0.317 to 0.611).
The crystal structure of galactitol‐1‐phosphate 5‐dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli K12 provides insights into its anomalous behavior on IMAC processes (2012)

Endogenous galactitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (GPDH) (EC 1.1.1.251) from Escherichia coli spontaneously interacts with Ni(2+)-NTA matrices becoming a potential contaminant for recombinant, target His-tagged proteins. Purified recombinant, untagged GPDH (rGPDH) converted galactitol into tagatose, and d-tagatose-6-phosphate into galactitol-1-phosphate, in a Zn(2+)- and NAD(H)-dependent manner and readily crystallized what has permitted to solve its crystal structure. In contrast, N-terminally His-tagged GPDH was marginally stable and readily aggregated. The structure of rGPDH revealed metal-binding sites characteristic from the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase protein superfamily which may explain its ability to interact with immobilized metals. The structure also provides clues on the harmful effects of the N-terminal His-tag.
A Study on the Structural Analysis and Loading Test of the Bogie Frame (2006)

This paper describes the results of structural analysis and loading test of a bogie frame. The purpose of the analysis and test is to evaluate the safety and functionality of the bogie frame under maximum load. The bogie system consist of the bogie frame, suspensions, wheel-sets, a brake system and a transmission system. Of these components, the bogie frame is the major component subjected to the vehicle and passenger loads. The evaluation method used the JIS E 4207 specifications throughout the FEM analysis and static load test. The test results have shown the bogie frame to be safe and stable under design load conditions.
Differential Expression of CD43, CD81, and CD200 in Classic Versus Variant Hairy Cell Leukemia (2019)

CD200, CD43, and CD81 are likely differentially expressed between HCL and HCLv, reflecting their differing disease biology. Inclusion of these markers in FCM is potentially informative. © 2019 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Stem Cells from Cryopreserved Human Dental Pulp Tissues Sequentially Differentiate into Definitive Endoderm and Hepatocyte-Like Cells in vitro (2017)

We previously described a novel tissue cryopreservation protocol to enable the safe preservation of various autologous stem cell sources. The present study characterized the stem cells derived from long-term cryopreserved dental pulp tissues (hDPSCs-cryo) and analyzed their differentiation into definitive endoderm (DE) and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) <i>in vitro</i>. Human dental pulp tissues from extracted wisdom teeth were cryopreserved as per a slow freezing tissue cryopreservation protocol for at least a year. Characteristics of hDPSCs-cryo were compared to those of stem cells from fresh dental pulps (hDPSCs-fresh). hDPSCs-cryo were differentiated into DE cells <i>in vitro</i> with Activin A as per the Wnt3a protocol for 6 days. These cells were further differentiated into HLCs in the presence of growth factors until day 30. hDPSCs-fresh and hDPSCs-cryo displayed similar cell growth morphology, cell proliferation rates, and mesenchymal stem cell character. During differentiation into DE and HLCs <i>in vitro</i>, the cells flattened and became polygonal in shape, and finally adopted a hepatocyte-like shape. The differentiated DE cells at day 6 and HLCs at day 30 displayed significantly increased DE- and hepatocyte-specific markers at the mRNA and protein level, respectively. In addition, the differentiated HLCs showed detoxification and glycogen storage capacities, indicating they could share multiple functions with real hepatocytes. These data conclusively show that hPDSCs-cryo derived from long-term cryopreserved dental pulp tissues can be successfully differentiated into DE and functional hepatocytes <i>in vitro</i>. Thus, preservation of dental tissues could provide a valuable source of autologous stem cells for tissue engineering.
Toward Molecular Imaging with Xenon MRI (2006)

When it comes to molecular imaging—the burgeoning discipline of visualizing biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in living organisms—magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is low on the list of favored techniques (1). The receptors and gene expression products that we aim to observe by molecular imaging are present at minuscule concentrations (around 10−6 to 10−12 mole per liter) in the body. Yet the nuclear magnetic moments that provide the signal in MRI are tiny, and lots of them are needed to generate an image. MRI is thus limited to detecting concentrations of 10−3 to 10−5 mole per liter. In contrast, radioisotope imaging methods such as positron emission tomography and single photon emission tomography can detect probe molecule concentrations of 10−9 to 10−12 mole per liter. These techniques have been the natural choice for molecular imaging, although they lack the spatial and temporal resolution of MRI and make use of ionizing radiation.
Low cost, low power diode laser sensing: A weather balloon hygrometer (2002)

An inexpensive diode laser hygrometer is described. The engineering advances of this system greatly increase the applicability of diode laser sensors for commercial sensing applications.
Distributed Translator Part 3: Field Test Results (2010)

본 논문에서는 ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) 지상파 디지털 TV 방송 방식에서의 분산 주파수 망(distributed frequency network)을 위해 개발된 분산중계기(Distributed Translator: DTxR)에 대한 필드 테스트 결과를 기술하고, 그 결과를 분석한다. 캐나다 오타와에서 수행된 필드 테스트에서는 두 대의 DTxR 신호가 동시에 수신되는 중첩 지역을 중심으로 안테나 및 수신기 종류에 따른 각 측정 지점의 수신 전계 강도, 잡음 마진, 수신 여부, 수신가능 방위각을 측정하였다. 필드 테스트 결과에 의하면, 두 대의 DTxR이 모두 켜졌을 때 수신 전계 강도 및 잡음 마진은 각각의 DTxR이 켜졌을 때 보다 증가하였지만, 수신율 및 수신가능 방위각은 수신기의 종류에 따라 증가하거나 비슷하였다. This paper presents and analyzes field test results of distributed translator (DTxR) for distributed frequency network (DFN) in the ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) terrestrial digital TV broadcasting system. In the field test, according to types of antennas and receivers in areas where are overlapped by two DTxRs' coverage, we measured reception power, noise margin reception possibility, and ease of reception at each test point. By the field test results, when two DTxRs are on, reception power and noise margin are increased than when one DTxR is on. However, reception rate and ease of reception are similar or increased according to types of receivers.
The Role of Mucus in the Protection of the Gastroduodenal Mucosa (1986)

There is good evidence that the adherent mucus plays an important role in the protection of gastroduodenal mucosa from the endogenous aggressors acid and pepsin. Adherent mucus provides a stable unstirred layer which supports surface neutralization of acid by mucosal bicarbonate output and acts as a permeability barrier to luminal pepsin. The adherent mucus layer is continuous. True thickness of the mucus layer and its continuity can only be observed on unfixed sections of mucosa, since histological fixatives and preparation for electron microscopy can cause dehydration and shrinkage of the mucus gel. The structure of adherent gastric mucus is deficient in patients with peptic ulcer disease because of decreased polymerization of the component glycoproteins. This impairment of the mucus barrier is associated with raised amounts of pepsin 1, which digests the mucus layer more aggressively than the major pepsin, pepsin 3, under conditions that pertain both in the stomach (pH 2) and duodenum (pH 4-5). Adherent mucus does not appear to offer much protection against exogenous damaging agents, e.g. alcohol and aspirin. These agents permeate the mucus barrier, damaging the underlying epithelium. The subsequent epithelial repair process is protected by a gelatinous coat over ten times thicker and distinct from the normal adherent mucus layer. Our recent studies show this gelatinous coat to be primarily a fibrin-based gel with mucus and necrotic cells.
Magneto‐Plasmonic Au‐Fe Alloy Nanoparticles Designed for Multimodal SERS‐MRI‐CT Imaging (2014)

Small 2014, 12, 2476–2486 The author affiliations were reported incorrectly in this article. The correct affiliations now appear below: