gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-port multi-cell DC/DC converter topology for electric vehicle's power distribution networks (2017)

In today's electric vehicles (EV), power density is a key criterion for electrical systems, due to the strongly limited available space. Thereby, a high integration level of the electric distribution network is inevitable. In this paper, a novel multi-port multi-cell (MPMC) topology is proposed, which combines the features of two independent two-port converter systems, which are commonly used in state-of-the-art EVs. Consequently, this results in a higher overall power-density of the overall electric distribution system. The proposed converter comprises multiple identical subconverters (cells), where each cell processes the same share of the total converter power. Furthermore, as will be shown in this paper, the multi-cell approach mitigates several technological design challenges arising in single-cell solutions, where, in contrast to the multi-port multi-cell approach, extremely high output currents and high step-down ratios are required. Finally, a MPMC control strategy is introduced, which guarantees stable operation and balanced cell powers in the converter for all operating points.
Functional Characterization of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class III Region Genes (2008)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a key region of the human genome that extends over 3.6 Mbp on human chromosome 6p21.3. It was originally identified as containing the genes that encode the Class I and Class II cell surface molecules critical for our immune system to mount responses to a...
Relaxation Measurements in Brain Tissue at Field Strengths Between 0.35T and 9.4T (2014)

Basic spin-echo (SE) based protocols were used to estimate T1 and T2 relaxation times in human brain in the presence of multiple field strengths (0.35T, 1.5T, 3T, 7T, and 9.4 T). Experiments were performed on the same two subjects at all B0 using the same acquisition parameters. The T1 dependence on B0 is further analyzed.
A recommended practical approach to the management of anthracycline-based chemotherapy cardiotoxicity (2016)

Anthracyclines are the mainstay of treatment of a variety of haematological malignancies and solid tumours. Unfortunately, the clinical use of these drugs is limited by cumulative, dose-related cardiotoxicity which may ultimately lead to a severe and irreversible form of cardiomyopathy. Thus, there is an increasing need for close cooperation among cardiologists, oncologists and haemato-oncologists. As anthracyclines save lives, the logical goal of this cooperation, besides preventing or mitigating cardiotoxicity, is to promote an acceptable balance between the potential cardiac side effects and the vital benefit of anticancer treatment. This manuscript, which is specifically addressed to the cardiologist who has not accumulated much experience in the field of cancer therapy, focuses on several topics, that is old and new mechanisms of cardiac toxicity, late cardiac toxicity, the importance of overall risk assessment, the key role of a cardiology consult before starting cancer therapy, and the pros and cons of primary and secondary prevention programmes.
Dark Current in Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors (2000)

We present the results of a new analytical model for the analysis of the dark current in realistic quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). This model includes the effect of the space charge formed by electrons captured in QDs and donors, the self-consistent electric potential in the QDIP active region, the activation character of the electron capture and its limitation by the Pauli principle, the thermionic electron emission from QDs and thermionic injection of electrons from the emitter contact into the QDIP active region, and the existence of the punctures between QDs. The developed model yields the dark current as a function of the QDIP structural parameters, applied voltage, and temperature. It explains some features of the dark current characteristics observed experimentally.
Supplementary Figures 1-5, Table 1, Methods and Materials from Abnormal DNA Methylation of <i>CD133</i> in Colorectal and Glioblastoma Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-5, Table 1, Methods and Materials from Abnormal DNA Methylation of &lt;i&gt;CD133&lt;/i&gt; in Colorectal and Glioblastoma Tumors
<title>Accelerated aging of polymer composite bridge materials</title> (1999)

Accelerated aging research on samples of composite materials and candidate UV protective coatings is determining the effects of six environmental factors on material durability. Candidate fastener materials are being evaluated to determine corrosion rates and crevice corrosion effects at load-bearing joints. This work supports field testing of a 30-ft long, 18-ft wide polymer matrix composite (PMC) bridge at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Durability results and sensor data form test with live loads provide information required for determining the cost/benefit measures to use in life-cycle planning, determining a maintenance strategy, establishing applicable inspection techniques, and establishing guidelines, standards and acceptance criteria for PMC bridges for use in the transportation infrastructure.
Towards Accessible Sports Broadcasts for Blind and Low-Vision Viewers (2023)

Blind and low-vision (BLV) people watch sports through radio broadcasts that offer a play-by-play description of the game. However, recent trends show a decline in the availability and quality of radio broadcasts due to the rise of video streaming platforms on the internet and the cost of hiring professional announcers. As a result, sports broadcasts have now become even more inaccessible to BLV people. In this work, we present Immersive A/V, a technique for making sports broadcasts —in our case, tennis broadcasts— accessible and immersive to BLV viewers by automatically extracting gameplay information and conveying it through an added layer of spatialized audio cues. Immersive A/V conveys players’ positions and actions as detected by computer vision-based video analysis, allowing BLV viewers to visualize the action. We designed Immersive A/V based on results from a formative study with BLV participants. We conclude by outlining our plans for evaluating Immersive A/V and the future implications of this research.
Preparation of high‐strength (Ta,W)C solid‐solutions by spark plasma sintering (2023)

Abstract (Ta,W)C bulks were prepared by spark plasma sintering. Densification kinetics and solid‐solution formation kinetics were performed on the powder mixtures using TaC and W powders. The as‐received tungsten powder had a spherical shape and rather coarse size. By using the crushed and as‐received powder, it can be suggested that sintering at 2000°C limits the reaction volume to 3–6 μm and hence allows forming a complete solid‐solution using finer powders. The lattice parameter, hardness, toughness, and strength were investigated as a function of the TaC content. The flexural strength of the (Ta,W)C ceramic bulks was investigated up to 2000°C and it was found that the maximum strength was for the 60 mol.% TaC composition. Strength as a function of the temperature tended to increase up to 1200°C followed by a gradual decrease to 2000°C. When the TaC was reinformed by coarse W spheres, the flexural strength monotonically decreased from 570 MPa at room temperature to 220 MPa at 2000°C.
Beyond isolated cells: microfluidic transport of large tissue for pancreatic cancer diagnosis (2015)

For cancer diagnoses, core biopsies (CBs) obtained from patients using coring needles (CNs) are traditionally visualized and assessed on microscope slides by pathologists after samples are processed and sectioned. A fundamental gain in optical information (i.e., diagnosis/staging) may be achieved when whole, unsectioned CBs (L = 5-20, D = 0.5-2.0 mm) are analyzed in 3D. This approach preserves CBs for traditional pathology and maximizes the diagnostic potential of patient samples. To bridge CNs/CBs with imaging, our group developed a microfluidic device that performs biospecimen preparation on unsectioned CBs for pathology. The ultimate goal is an automated and rapid point-of-care system that aids pathologists by processing tissue for advanced 3D imaging platforms. An inherent, but essential device feature is the microfluidic transport of CBs, which has not been previously investigated. Early experiments demonstrated proof-of-concept: pancreas CBs (D = 0.3-2.0 mm) of set lengths were transported in straight/curved microchannels, but dimensional tolerance and flow rates were variable, and preservation of CB integrity was uncontrolled. A second study used metal cylinder substitutes (L = 10, D = 1 mm) in microchannels to understand the transport mechanism. However, CBs are imperfectly shaped, rough, porous and viscoelastic. In this study, fresh/formalin-fixed porcine and human pancreas CBs were deposited into our device through a custom interface using clinical CNs. CB integrity (i.e., sample viability) may be assessed at every stage using an optomechanical metric: physical breaks were determined when specimen intensity profile data deviated beyond x<sub>avg</sub> + 2σ. Flow rates for human CBs were determined for several CNs, and microfluidic transport of fresh and formalin-fixed CBs was analyzed.
Candida antarctica Lipase B Catalyzed Copolymerizations of Non‐proteinogenic Amino Acids and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) to Generate Novel Functionalized Polyesters (2003)

Abstract The condensation copolymerization of non‐proteinogenic amino acid derivatives 1–9 with polyethylene glycol (PEG, Mw 600) (10), catalyzed by lipases in bulk is reported. Five different lipases (porcine pancreatic lipase, Candida rugosa lipase, Candida antarctica lipase, Pseuodomonas AY lipase, and Pseudomonas cepacia lipase) were tested to catalyze the copolymerization of diethyl‐α‐acetamido, α‐(3‐trifluromethylbenzyl)‐malonate (7) with poly(ethylene glycol 600) (10) in bulk at 65°C. All other enzymes except C. antarctica lipase B (Novozyme‐435) failed to produce the polymer. Therefore, C. antarctica lipase B was used for the synthesis of copolymers starting with non‐proteinogenic amino acid derivatives 1–9 and PEG (Mw 600) (10) to give to polymers 11–19, which were characterized by 1H (1D and 2D) and 13C NMR spectroscopic data. Light scattering photometry, as well as gel permeation chromatography were used to evaluate the particle size and molecular weights of the polymers. The effects of reaction parameters in chain extension have been systemically investigated. In principle, the method developed is flexible so that it can be used to generate a wide array of functionalized polyesters. In the absence of biocatalytic transformation, such structural control would be extremely difficult or currently impossible to obtain.
HFE Downregulates Iron Uptake From Transferrin and Induces Iron-Regulatory Protein Activity in Stably Transfected Cells (1999)

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common autosomal-recessive disorder of iron metabolism. More than 80% of HH patients are homozygous for a point mutation in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I type protein (HFE), which results in a lack of HFE expression on the cell surface. A previously identified interaction of HFE and the transferrin receptor suggests a possible regulatory role of HFE in cellular iron absorption. Using an HeLa cell line stably transfected with HFE under the control of a tetracycline-sensitive promoter, we investigated the effect of HFE expression on cellular iron uptake. We demonstrate that the overproduction of HFE results in decreased iron uptake from diferric transferrin. Moreover, HFE expression activates the key regulators of intracellular iron homeostasis, the iron-regulatory proteins (IRPs), implying that HFE can affect the intracellular "labile iron pool." The increase in IRP activity is accompanied by the downregulation of the iron-storage protein, ferritin, and an upregulation of transferrin receptor levels. These findings are discussed in the context of the pathophysiology of HH and a possible role of iron-responsive element (IRE)-containing mRNAs.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cotargeting MAPK and PI3K Signaling with Concurrent Radiotherapy as a Strategy for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 318KB, Dose dependency of PD0325901 in multiple cell lines. Treatment with PD0325901 induces potent inhibition of pERK-1/2 levels at one and three hours.&lt;/p&gt;
Auto-calibration of Spatially-Resolving Laser-Doppler Velocimeters (2013)

A method for the auto-calibration of laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) probe volumes with sub-measurement-volume spatial resolution is presented. The spatially-resolving LDV (SRLDV) technique, with demonstrated spatial resolution better than 3µm, provides low uncertainty velocity statistics in high Reynolds number flows and those with limited optical access. A key enabling aspect of the technique is the spatial characterization of the interference fringes. For SRLDV designs with measurement volume lengths on the order of the beam diameter, a first-order algebraic expansion of the exact analytical solution for interference fringe spacing provides an adequate and readily characterized instrument model. Given this linear approximation, calibration of two parameters, the mean fringe spacing and fringe spacing gradient (FSG) is required. While, the former is required for conventional LDV, calibration of the FSG is unique to SRLDV. Described herein is an autocalibration scheme for determining the FSG by forcing velocity profile continuity from partially overlapping measurement positions in any flow with a substantial velocity gradient, thereby using the accuracy of a commercial linear traverse as the spatial measurement standard. Results from an application of the auto-calibration method are presented in an ad hoc seeded jet flow, highlighting that a rigorous flow calibration standard is not required to achieve the auto-calibration.
Data from The Tyrosine Kinase Adaptor Protein FRS2 Is Oncogenic and Amplified in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) are characterized by widespread recurrent regions of copy-number gain and loss. Here, we interrogated 50 genes that are recurrently amplified in HGSOC and essential for cancer proliferation and survival in ovarian cancer cell lines. &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt; is one of the 50 genes located on chromosomal region 12q15 that is focally amplified in 12.5% of HGSOC. We found that &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt;-amplified cancer cell lines are dependent on FRS2 expression, and that FRS2 overexpression in immortalized human cell lines conferred the ability to grow in an anchorage-independent manner and as tumors in immunodeficient mice. FRS2, an adaptor protein in the FGFR pathway, induces downstream activation of the Ras–MAPK pathway. These observations identify &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt; as an oncogene in a subset of HGSOC that harbor &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt; amplifications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Implications:&lt;/b&gt; These studies identify &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt; as an amplified oncogene in a subset of HGSOC. &lt;i&gt;FRS2&lt;/i&gt; expression is essential to ovarian cancer cells that harbor 12q15 amplification. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Res; 13(3); 502–9. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Design of large-mode-area microstructured fibers with low bending loss for fiber laser applications (2011)

Bending characteristics of microstructured fibers are investigated to achieve large-mode-area and effectively single-mode operation with a practically allowable bending radius for Yb-doped fiber applications, by enhancing differential bending loss between the fundamental and higher-order modes.
Mobile circular keyboards (2014)

This paper proposes a circular mobile QWERTY keyboard and analyzes performance on this keyboard compared to a standard flat keyboard. The Circularly Arced Keyboard (CAK) layout for single handed operation using the thumb was found to have a pangram replication time within 1.2 seconds compared to the regular keypad and a keystroke accuracy within 1.7%.
High-Speed Binary-Output Image Sensor (1996)

People with serious mental illness (SMI) experience challenges that may make typical dietary assessment methods less feasible and accurate. This study aims to determine the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary validity of a 3-day photographic food record (PR), a 1-day food diary (FD) and a 1-day weighed food protocol (WR) in people with SMI. Participants completed measures at two timepoints, with a 4-week interval. Feasibility and acceptability for each method were measured through four outcomes: percent of completers, quality assessment, number of participants requiring technical devices and satisfaction questionnaire. Relative validity was measured by agreement in estimated energy intake between methods, using Bland-Altman analysis and WR as the benchmark, and prevalence of misreporting, using the Goldberg cut-off method, updated by Black. In total, 63 participants were recruited, with a dropout rate of 19.0% prior to timepoint 1 and additional 6.4% prior to timepoint 2. Quality deficits were identified for all methods. The FD was most acceptable to participants, followed by the PR. The difference in estimated energy intake between assessment methods was not statistically significant, though there was considerable individual variability. Underreporting was considerable across all methods but appeared highest in the PR. A FD and PR present as feasible and acceptable methods for assessing dietary intake in people with SMI. Further validity testing is required. In addition, clear guidance for completion and removal of potential barriers is required for participants.
Investigation of factors responsible for cell line cytoplasmic expression differences (2005)

After exploring many factors, it was found that differences in the intra-cellular processing of the DNA-cationic lipid complex was the most probable factor responsible for the difference in cytoplasmic gene expression.
Synthesis of tetrazole–isoxazoline hybrids as a new class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors (2012)

A new series of tetrazole based isoxazolines (4a–l) was synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer potential against two cancer cell lines. All these compounds exhibited profound cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.22 to 3.62 μM and compounds 4h, 4i showed prominent anticancer efficacy with IC50 values of 1.51, 1.49 μM in A549 and 2.83, 2.40 μM in MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Further, these compounds (4h, 4i) induced apoptotic cell death by inhibition of tubulin polymerization leading to cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase of the cell cycle followed by caspase-3 activity. Moreover, the level of tubulin inhibition by these compounds was examined by in vitro HTS tubulin polymerization assay. Docking of compound 4h and 4i to the active site of tubulin revealed that the trimethoxy ring of the compounds occupies the colchicine binding site of tubulin, whereas the isoxazoline moiety moves towards the interface of α–β tubulin and involves a series of hydrogen bonds with αTyr224 and αSer178.
Compiler support for Java parallelization (1998)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Aart J. C. Bik, Fabian Breg, Dennis B. Gannon, Paul F. Dubois; Compiler support for Java parallelization. Comput. Phys. 1 January 1998; 12 (1): 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.168686 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioComputer in Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Measurement of excited-state-absorption loss for Ce3+ in Y3Al5O12 and implications for tunable 5d→4f rare-earth lasers (1978)

Broad bandwidth 5d→4f transitions in Ce3+ have been considered for tunable laser action. In this letter, optical probe measurements of excited Ce3+ ions in Y3Al5O12 show that stimulated emission in the 550–610-nm region is not possible at 295 K because of excited-state absorption. Transient measurements demonstrate that part of this loss has ≈75-ns lifetime and is associated with absorption from the lowest 5d level; a longer-lifetime loss is also observed. The excited-state-absorption loss is reduced at lower temperatures.
Antitumour effect of interferons, cytostatic drugs and their combinations in subrenal capsule assay (SRCA). (1985)

Combinations of interferons (IFNs) and cytostatic drugs were studied in subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) using fresh human ovarian cancer samples. Slight tumour growth inhibition was observed with IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma. The effect was more pronounced if combination IFN-alpha + IFN-gamma was used. Cytostatic drug combination cyclophosphamide + cisplatin + doxorubicin (combination I) was more effective than interferons, and combination methotrexate + tegafur (combination II) was about equal to IFN-alpha. When IFN-alpha was given together with cytostatic drugs, the antitumour effect was diverse: both synergistic and antagonistic effects were found, as well as no evidence of interaction. IFNs did not increase the toxicity of cytostatic drugs. If there is a good correlation between SRCA and clinical results, the combination of IFNs and cytotoxic drugs should be used clinically in connection with a predictive test.
Poisoning attacks on machine learning models in cyber systems and mitigation strategies (2022)

Poisoning attacks on training data are becoming one of the top concerns among users of machine learning systems. The goal of such attacks is to inject a small set of maliciously mislabeled training data into the training pipeline so as to detrimentally impact a machine learning model trained on such data. Constructing such attacks for cyber applications is especially challenging due to their realizability constraints. Furthermore, poisoning mitigation techniques for such applications are also not well understood. This paper investigates techniques for realizable data poisoning availability attacks (using several cyber applications), in which an attacker can insert a set of poisoned samples at the training time with the goal of degrading the accuracy of the deployed model. We design a white-box, realizable poisoning attack that degraded the original model’s accuracy by generating mislabeled samples in close vicinity of a selected subset of training points. We investigate this strategy and its modifications for key classifier architectures and provide specific implications for each of them. The paper also proposes a novel data cleaning method as a defense against such poisoning attacks. Our defense includes a diversified ensemble of classifiers, each trained on a different subset of the training set. We use the disagreement of the classifiers’ predictions as a decision whether to keep a given sample in the training dataset or remove it. The results demonstrate the efficiency of this strategy with very limited performance penalty.