gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Lyconadins: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of (+)-Lyconadin A and (−)-Lyconadin B (2008)

A full account of the enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-lyconadin A (1) and (-)-lyconadin B (2) is presented. Central to this venture was recognition and deployment of a key strategy-level intramolecular aldol/conjugate addition cascade that led, in a single operation, to two new carbon-carbon sigma-bonds, three new stereogenic centers, and two new rings, albeit with the incorrect stereogenicity at C(12) for the lyconadins. Correction of the C(12) stereogenicity was achieved via innovative use of a protonated intramolecular aminal. An aminoiodo olefin cyclization, in conjunction with alpha-pyridinone and 3,4-dihydropyridinone annulation protocols, permitted completion of the syntheses of (+)-lyconadin A (1) and (-)-lyconadin B (2), respectively.
Abstract 4586: Essential role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) in tumorigenesis of human cancers with activated FGFR2 signaling demonstrated by functional blocking antibodies (2011)

Abstract Aberrant activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) signaling, through overexpression of FGFR2 and/or its ligands, mutations, and receptor amplification have been found in a variety of human tumors. We generated monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular ligand binding domain of FGFR2 to address the role of FGFR2 in tumorigenesis and to explore the potential of FGFR2 as a novel therapeutic target. We identified a broad panel of human cancer cell lines with dysregulated FGFR2 signaling and examined the sensitivity of these human cell lines to monoclonal antibodies specifically targeting FGFR2. These FGFR2 antibodies potently suppressed ligand-induced phosphorylation of FGFR2 and downstream signaling, as well as cell proliferation in vitro. The administration of FGFR2 monoclonal antibodies in mice significantly inhibited the growth of human cancer xenografts harboring activated FGFR2 signaling. Our findings support that dysregulated FGFR2 signaling is one of the critical oncogenic pathways involved in the initiation and/or maintenance of tumors. Cancer patients with aberrantly activated/amplified FGFR2 signaling could potentially benefit from therapeutic intervention with FGFR2-targeting antibodies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4586. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4586
Abstract 5185: Redefining the somatic landscape of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2014)

Abstract Efforts to catalogue genomic abnormalities in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been challenging due to low tumor cellularity which requires deep sequencing to obtain adequate coverage of tumor DNA. To make whole genome sequencing (WGS) feasible with PDAC tumors, we have developed protocols for sequencing enriched tumor material by laser capture microdissection (LCM) from frozen samples and by flow sorting when fresh tissue is available. The enriched samples have a median tumor cellularity of 88% compared to a median cellularity of 12% in the bulk samples. Furthermore, the enrichment methods may also provide a source of normal or reference material, non-tumor cells in the case of LCM and CD45+ blood cells in the case of flow sorting, and eliminate the need for matched blood samples to call somatic variation. In conjunction with low quantity DNA input protocols for library construction, high quality next generation sequencing libraries are readily produced without sacrificing library complexity that enables somatic mutation, copy-number and structural variant detection at modest sequencing depths (∼50x). These methods are applicable to all tumor types where significant stromal contamination hinders somatic mutation detection. In addition to redefining the rates of known somatically altered genes in PDAC, such as CDKN2A and SMAD4, the high cellularity data set has also allowed us to evaluate PDAC tumor heterogeneity with the ability to detect sub-clonal variation that is not masked by non-tumor DNA. Moreover, in 50% of the samples sequenced to date, we observe evidence of punctuated evolution suggesting a catastrophic event during mutagenesis, which may be associated with the clinically observed rapid progression of the disease. The result of enhanced somatic mutation detection is a more comprehensive picture of the PDAC genomic landscape. Citation Format: Andrew M.K. Brown, Faiyaz Notta, Mathieu Lemire, Ilinca Lungu, Robert E. Denroche, Christina Yung, Kristen Geras, Lincoln Stein, John M. Bartlett, Thomas J. Hudson, Michael H.A. Roehrl, Steven Gallinger, John D. McPherson. Redefining the somatic landscape of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5185. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5185
Describing Radio Hardware and Software Using OWL for Over-The-Air Software Download (2010)

Recently, several researchers have discovered the need for radios to use description techniques. Previous research describes information such as the current frequency band, waveform, and so on. However, this information is presented at a level that is not sufficient to determine software/hardware compatibility for over-the-air software download. For example, a device should not attempt to download a wideband waveform if its radio front-end is only narrowband, or if its baseband hardware cannot provide the required MIPS for the new waveform. Over-the-air software download is one of the most interesting features of software-defined radios. The compatibility between software and hardware prior to software download previously had to be verified manually. The approach that is described here removes the need for man-in-the-loop. It uses OWL-DL to describe the components of a software defined radio and the software to be downloaded. As a result, the problem of compatibility is reduced to that of checking a subsumption constraint in an OWL-DL ontology. We show the variability of our approach through examples.
National Ignition Facility alignment and wavefront control (2004)

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a stadium-sized facility containing a 192-beam, 1.8-Megajoule, 500-Terawatt, ultraviolet laser system. High-energy-density and inertial confinement fusion physics experiments require the ability to precisely align and focus pulses with single beam energy up to 20KJ in a few nanoseconds onto mm-sized targets. NIF's alignment control system now regularly provides automatic alignment of the four commissioned beams prior to every NIF shot in approximately 45min., and speed improvements are being implemented. NIF utilizes adaptive optics for wavefront control, which significantly improves the ability to tightly focus each laser beam onto a target. Multiple sources of both static and dynamic aberration are corrected. This presentation provides an overview of the NIF Automatic Alignment and Wavefront Control Systems including the accuracy and target spot size performance achieved.
Genetic sensor-regulators functional in Clostridia (2020)

This study addressed the functionality of genetic circuits carrying natural regulatory elements of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 in the presence of the respective inducer molecules. Specifically, promoters and their regulators involved in diverse carbon source utilization were characterized using mCherryOpt or beta-galactosidase as a reporter. Consequently, most of the genetic circuits tested in this study were functional in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 in the presence of an inducer, leading to the expression of reporter proteins. These genetic sensor-regulators were found to be transferable to another Clostridium species, such as Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. The gradual expression of reporter protein was observed as a function of the carbohydrates of interest. A xylose-inducible promoter allows a titratable and robust expression of a reporter protein with stringency and efficacy. This xylose-inducible circuit was seen to enable induction of the expression of reporter proteins in the presence of actual sugar mixtures incorporated in woody hydrolysate wherein glucose and xylose are present as predominant carbon sources.
Progressive Transmission Of Images Using A Prediction/Residual Encoding Approach (1989)

We develop a progressive image transmission technique based on a prediction/residual encoding approach in which the predictive and residual image components are both progressively encoded. The predictive component is taken to be an interpolative representation of the image and is progressively transmitted first. The goal of this first stage is to transmit a "recognizable" image with the fewest possible data so that the user has the opportunity to terminate the transmission if the image is not the desired one. However, if the user decides to retain the image, the second stage follows, in which the residual component is progressively transmitted to refine the image quality. Specifically, the Knowlton hierarchy is used to transmit the predictive component, and a tree-structured vector quantizer hierarchy is used to transmit the residual component. Subject terms: digital image coding; progressive transmission; hierarchical coding structures; vector quantization.
X‐linked vacuolar myopathies: Two separate loci and refined genetic mapping (2000)

X-linked vacuolar myopathies can be divided into two forms: one that is associated with cardiomyopathy and mental retardation (XVCM-MR) and a second form, termed X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA), that spares cardiac muscle and has no central nervous system involvement. In this article, we demonstrate linkage between XMEA and markers on chromosome Xq28 and assign the XMEA gene locus to the most telomeric 10.5 cM of chromosome X. We also show that XVCM-MR is not allelic to XMEA. Ann Neurol 2000;47:666–669
Cementless fixation in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a systematic review (2016)

IV.
Development of a 600 W Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Power System for the Hazardous Mission Robot (2010)

Due to the advantage of fuel cells over secondary batteries such as long operation time, many efforts were executed in order to use fuel cells as main power sources of small electronic devices such as laptop computers and mobile phones. For the same reason, fuel cells are promising power sources for the hazardous mission robots. Fuel cells are able to increase their radius action through extension of operation time. Despite this advantage, there still exist technical barriers such as increasing power density, efficient hydrogen storage, and fast startup of the power system. First, in order to increase power density, the united stack including proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and membrane humidifying cells were developed. Also, the hydrogen generating system using NaBH4 solution was employed to store hydrogen effectively. In addition, to shorten start-up time, hybrid control of PEMFC and Li-ion battery was adopted. The approaches mentioned above were evaluated. The developed PEMFC/humidifier stack showed high performance. As compared with full humidification condition by external humidifiers, the performance decrease was only 1% even though hydrogen was not humidified and air was partially humidified. Besides, by integrating the PEMFC and the humidifier into a single stack, considerable space for tubing between them was saved. Also, the hydrogen generator operated well with the PEMFC system and allowed for effective fuel storing and refueling. In addition, due to the efficient hybrid control of PEMFC and battery, start-up time was significantly shortened and capacity of PEMFC was reduced, resulting in compactness of the power system. In conclusion, a 600 W PEMFC power system was developed and successfully operated with the robot. Through development and evaluation of the PEMFC power system, the possibility of PEMFC as a novel power source for the hazardous mission robot was verified.
Mapping ethico‐legal principles for the use of artificial intelligence in gastroenterology (2021)

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital health raise concerns about equitable access to innovative interventions, appropriate use of health data and privacy, inclusiveness, bias and discrimination, and even changes to the clinician-patient relationship. This article outlines a number of ethical and legal issues when examining the use of AI in gastroenterology. Substantive ethico-legal principles including respect for persons, privacy and confidentiality, integrity, conflict of interest, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice, are discussed. Much of what we articulated is relevant to the use of AI in other medical fields. Going forward, consorted efforts should be use to address more particular and concrete problems, but for now, a principle-based approach is best used in problem-solving.
Natural Cardiogenesis-Based Template Predicts Cardiogenic Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines (2013)

Transcriptome analysis attuned to natural embryonic cardiogenesis provides a robust platform to probe coordinated cardiac specification and maturation from bioengineered stem cell-based model systems. A panel of developmental-related genes allowed differential prognosis of cardiogenic competency, thus prioritizing cell lines according to natural blueprint to streamline functional applications.
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging with 2-[18F]F-p-Aminobenzoic Acid Detects Staphylococcus aureus Infections and Monitors Drug Response (2018)

Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of life-threatening infections, frequently originating from unknown or deep-seated foci. Source control and institution of appropriate antibiotics remain challenges, especially with infections due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In this study, we developed a radiofluorinated analog of para-aminobenzoic acid (2-[<sup>18</sup>F]F-PABA) and demonstrate that it is an efficient alternative substrate for the S. aureus dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS). 2-[<sup>18</sup>F]F-PABA rapidly accumulated in vitro within laboratory and clinical (including MRSA) strains of S. aureus but not in mammalian cells. Biodistribution in murine and rat models demonstrated localization at infection sites and rapid renal elimination. In a rat model, 2-[<sup>18</sup>F]F-PABA positron emission tomography (PET) rapidly differentiated S. aureus infection from sterile inflammation and could also detect therapeutic failures associated with MRSA. These data suggest that 2-[<sup>18</sup>F]F-PABA has the potential for translation to humans as a rapid, noninvasive diagnostic tool to identify, localize, and monitor S. aureus infections.
Die Kooperation der p53 Familie erhöht Chemosensitivität und Therapieansprechen solider Tumore (2007)

Einleitung: Inaktives p53 ist assoziiert mit Tumorgenese und Therapieresistenz von Tumoren. Im Maus-Modell konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Restauration des Wildtyp p53 Status (wt p53) über Seneszenz oder Apoptoseinduktion zu einer Tumorreduktion führt (Ventura et al., 2007; Xue et al., 2007). Neue Therapiestrategien zur Restauration des wt p53 Status wie Reaktivierung von p53 durch „small molecules“ werden derzeit erprobt. Wir konnten bisher zeigen, dass auch p63 und p73 die zentralen Apoptose-Signalwege induzieren (EMBO J,2005; Cell Death Differ,2005; Cancer Res,2006).
All-optical switching with low-peak power in microfabricated AlGaAs waveguides (1995)

We report all-optical switching with low-peak power in a microfabricated AlGaAs waveguide operating at 1.6 μm. We show that by using a 1-μm long microfabricated strongly-guided waveguide with 0.8 μm by 0.9 μm mode cross-sectional area, switching is achieved with an average power of 1.2 mW for 82-MHz mode-locked 430 fs pulses. The estimated peak pump power and pulse energy inside the microfabricated waveguide were /spl sim/30 W and /spl sim/14.6 pJ, respectively, which is 5-10 times lower than the values needed with conventional waveguides. In terms of a practicality index defined via switching power times waveguide length, this waveguide has around the best value.
Dalfampridine Improves Sensorimotor Function in Rats With Chronic Deficits After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (2013)

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01605825.
Structure and Wetting Properties of .omega.-Alkoxy-n-alkanethiolate Monolayers on Gold and Silver (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Wetting Properties of .omega.-Alkoxy-n-alkanethiolate Monolayers on Gold and SilverPaul E. Laibinis, Colin D. Bain, Ralph G. Nuzzo, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 19, 7663–7676Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100019a054https://doi.org/10.1021/j100019a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views590Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The best of times or the worst of times? A tale of two surveys (2016)

Ob/gyns' fear of being sued may be disproportionate to the frequency of malpractice claims.
The MoS2 nanotube hybrids (2009)

The MoS2 nanotube hybrids represent a family of nanomaterials, where nanotubes serve as nanoreactors and in some cases also as nanocontainers of MoS2 fullerenelike particles, which have in situ grown in a confined geometry of nanotubes. A simple temperature control of morphology, size, and inner structure of nanohybrids leads to a selective morphology such as coaxial nanotubes, “mama”-tubes with encapsulated nano-onions, the growth of MoS2 nanobuds or it facilitates a release of MoS2 nano-onions, which then form weakly bonded self-assemblies. Growth mechanism is discussed based on atomic probe electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
A dual relay transmission system for wireless communications: Power allocations and channel capacity (2009)

Cooperative relaying methods have attracted a lot of interest in the past several years. A conventional cooperative relaying scheme has a source, destination and a single relay. To overcome the effects of asymmetrical nature of one relay network, we have proposed a dual relay system that achieves significant system performance in terms of bit-error rate, signal-to-noise ratio and channel capacity over the conventional one relay and direct transmission systems. This paper presents the protocol of the dual relay system and addresses the issues of optimal power allocations at the terminals and the increase of system performance in terms of channel capacity.
Applications of shun shell column and nanocomposite sorbent for analysis of eleven anti-hypertensive in human plasma (2020)

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and solid phase micro membrane tip extraction (SPMMTE) methods are developed for the simultaneous analysis of eleven cardiovascular drugs in human plasma. Iron nanoparticles were obtained by the green method, characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, and EDS and utilized in SPMMTE for sample preparation. The mobile phase used was ammonium acetate buffer-methanol–acetonitrile (65:18:17) with a 1.0 mL/min flow rate at 260 nm detection. Column used was Sunshell C₁₈ 150 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm. The values of k, α, and Rs were ranged from 040 to109.22, 1.20 to 2.67 and 1.0 to 26.18. SPMMTE and HPLC methods were fast, reproducible, precise, robust, economic and rugged for analysis of methyldopa, hydrochlorothiazide, prazosin hydrochloride, furosemide, labetalol, propranolol, valsartan, losartan potassium, diltiazem, irbesartan and spironolactone in human plasma. The recoveries (%) of methyldopa, hydrochlorothiazide, prazosin hydrochloride, furosemide, labetalol, propranolol, valsartan, losartan potassium, diltiazem, irbesartan, and spironolactone were 91.0, 85.2, 92.3, 90.4, 90.1, 85.6, 86.6, 86.2, 85.1, 86.6, and 85.7, respectively. These results showed that SPMMTE and HPLC methods can be applied to test the described drugs in several matrices.
Resource-aware architectures for particle filter based visual target tracking (2011)

There are a growing number of visual tracking applications for mobile devices such as smart phones and smart cameras. However, existing computer vision algorithms are demanding and mobile devices possess limited computational capabilities, energy, and bandwidth to support them. Conventional approaches to distributed target tracking with a camera node and a receiver node are either sender based or receiver based. Both approaches are highly suited for certain scenarios, but have limited applicability outside of their scope. In this paper, we propose two new approaches for a particle filter based tracking system. The first proposed approach reduces the energy and bandwidth typically required for the receiver based setup. The second proposed approach partitions tracking workload between sender and receiver and adapts to the frame-to-frame demands of particle filtering. In doing so, this scheme promotes better balance of computing capabilities, energy, and bandwidth among sender and receiver. Results show that the proposed solutions require low additional overhead, can improve on tracking system lifetime, and may be more effective than conventional architectures for many tracking instances.
Biochemical aspects of muscle differentiation as analyzed by in vitro cultivation techniques. (1979)

Myoblasts cultivated in vitro will undergo terminal differentiation to form muscle fibres. Teratoma derived mouse cell lines, a pluripotent primitive line, and a muscle cell line, provide a possibility for comparing RNA populations in an early precursor cell with those in committed myoblasts and differentiated myotubes. Molecular hybridization analyses led to the conclusion that new RNA sequences appear in the cytoplasm during muscle differentiation. Such muscle specific sequences are not detectable in the nuclear RNA of myoblasts or primitive cells. Studies of protein synthesis during terminal myogenesis indicate co-ordinate expression of the muscle contractile proteins. These represent distinct isozymes, distinguishable from the contractile proteins of other cell types. In the case of myosin light chains isozymic transitions between different muscle forms have been identified during early development.
Endogenous α‐calcitonin‐gene‐related peptide promotes exercise‐induced, physiological heart hypertrophy in mice (2014)

Alpha-calcitonin-gene-related peptide released by skeletal muscles during exercise is a hitherto unrecognized effector directing the strained heart into physiological instead of pathological adaptation. Thus, αCGRP agonists might be beneficial in heart failure patients.