gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low cost UWB printed dipole antenna with filtering feature (2008)

This paper introduces a new ultra-wideband (UWB) printed circular dipole antenna having a filtering feature for rejecting the Wi-Fi band (4.9-5.9 GHz). UWB regulation in Europe [1] and Japan require the rejection or the avoidance of the 5 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band, but due to the very wide frequency band used by UWB technology, it is also particularly exposed to other systems disturbances. Some experiments revealed problems of coexistence between UWB and the local wireless networks working in the WLAN bands [2]. The proposed paper describes a Wi-Fi band rejection filter included in a previously developed compact UWB antenna [3]. Constraints such as the size and the cost of the antenna are taken into account in the design. Efficiency measurements of the realized filtering small antenna, using Schantzpsilas method, are in conformance with simulations.
Valve Placement in Water Networks: Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Optimization with Quadratic Pipe Friction (2012)

This paper presents the formulation and solution of an optimization model for placing pressure reducing valves on water networks. A key advance is the development of a quadratic approximation for pipe head loss minimizing the relative approximation error that provides accuracy comparable to the error of the classical equations of Hazen-Williams or Darcy-Weisbach. This approximation enables use of a broader class of optimization engines, provides fast and accurate solutions, and increases the network size solvable by mathematical optimization. The development and utility of the quadratic approximation is demonstrated for the problem of optimal valve placement on benchmark networks having 25 nodes and 1900 nodes, respectively. The quadratic approach compares favorably to EPANET results and is signicantly faster than a com
A phase 2 multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled trial in patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer who are ctDNA positive following resection to compare efficacy of autogene cevumeran versus watchful waiting. (2022)

TPS3641 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly occurring cancers with high recurrence and mortality rate. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used as a marker of minimal residual disease after completion of surgical resection of stage II/III CRC, where detectable ctDNA levels (positive) post-AdCTx are associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence and novel therapies are needed. Autogene cevumeran is an investigational individualized neoantigen-specific immunotherapy that is designed to harness an immune response against patient-specific, tumor neoantigens. This clinical trial is in progress in patients with Stage II (high risk) / Stage III colorectal cancer who are ctDNA positive following resection. Methods: Autogene cevumeran is being evaluated in an open-label, Phase 2, randomized, controlled trial in patients with Stage II / III CRC patients who are ctDNA positive following resection. Patients are randomized to adjuvant therapy followed by autogene cevumeran compared to adjuvant therapy followed by watchful waiting. The primary endpoint is disease-free survival (DFS). The trial has a Biomarker Cohort of 15 patients who will receive autogene cevumeran irrespective of the ctDNA status to pursue exploratory objectives. The main study of the phase 2 trial consists of a randomized (1:1) design comparing the experimental arm (autogene cevumeran) with the observational arm (watchful waiting) in ctDNA positive CRC patients. A third Exploratory Cohort explores the efficacy and safety of autogene cevumeran in ctDNA positive CRC patients with early recurrence/relapse during or after completion of AdCTx. Patients enrolled onto the experimental group, the biomarker and exploratory cohorts will receive autogene cevumeran 6x q1w, followed by 2x q2w, followed by 7 “booster” doses q6w, to receive a total of 15 doses (dosed at 25μg). AEs are assessed according to CTCAE v5. DFS will be determined by an independent central radiology assessment. Key eligibility criteria include 1) Patients must have stage II/III rectal cancer or stage II (high risk)/III colon cancer that has been surgically resected (R0 confirmed by pathology report); 2) patients must be ctDNA positive following resection; and 3) at least 5 tumor neoantigens must be identified in the provided tumor sample for autogene cevumeran manufacturing (RNA lipoplex, RNA-LPX). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04486378.
SEVENTY-TWO HOURS HYPOTHERMIC INTESTINAL PRESERVATION STUDY USING A NEW PERFLUOROCARBON EMULSION (2001)

We investigated the effect of a perfluorocarbon emulsion (FC) added to the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution on hypothermic (4 degrees C, 12-72h) preservation of rat small bowel grafts. The FC was 90%w/v perfluorooctylbromide, 2%w/v egg yolk phospholipids and 1.4%w/v mixed fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon molecular dowels. Four groups were defined: [1] UW flush and UW storage; [2] UW flush and FC storage; [3] flush with FC diluted 2 times with UW (FU) and FU storage; [4] FU flush and storage in oxygenated FU. Preservation was estimated with a histological score based on villus epithelium adhesion, on villus sloughing and on crypt cell adhesion to the basal membrane. Antioxidant potential was estimated by measurement of total thiol functions (SH) and activities of glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-P), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. FC in flush improved preservation during the first 24h (p<0.01). Storage in FC appeared superior to UW for the first 24h (p<0.01). Oxygenation (100% O2) of the storage medium yielded superior results at 12h and 24h (p<0.01 and p<0.001 versus group [1] respectively). After 72h, SOD and catalase activities increased in groups [3] and [4], and SOD decreased in group [1] (p<0.05). SH progressively decreased in group [1] (p<0.05) and GSH-P increased at 24 and 48h in groups [3] and [4] (p<0.01). The increase of O2 in the perfusion flush or storage medium ameliorated the preservation status and protected the antioxidant potential of the small bowel.
Protein Storage Vacuoles Are Transformed into Lytic Vacuoles in Root Meristematic Cells of Germinating Seedlings by Multiple, Cell Type-Specific Mechanisms (2011)

We have investigated the structural events associated with vacuole biogenesis in root tip cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) seedlings preserved by high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution techniques. Our micrographs demonstrate that the lytic vacuoles (LVs) of root tip cells are derived from protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) by cell type-specific sets of transformation events. Analysis of the vacuole transformation pathways has been aided by the phytin-dependent black osmium staining of PSV luminal contents. In epidermal and outer cortex cells, the central LVs are formed by a process involving PSV fusion, storage protein degradation, and the gradual replacement of the PSV marker protein α-tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP) with the LV marker protein γ-TIP. In contrast, in the inner cortex and vascular cylinder cells, the transformation events are more complex. During mobilization of the stored molecules, the PSV membranes collapse osmotically upon themselves, thereby squeezing the vacuolar contents into the remaining bulging vacuolar regions. The collapsed PSV membranes then differentiate into two domains: (1) vacuole "reinflation" domains that produce pre-LVs, and (2) multilamellar autophagosomal domains that are later engulfed by the pre-LVs. The multilamellar autophagosomal domains appear to originate from concentric sheets of PSV membranes that create compartments within which the cytoplasm begins to break down. Engulfment of the multilamellar autophagic vacuoles by the pre-LVs gives rise to the mature LVs. During pre-LV formation, the PSV marker α-TIP disappears and is replaced by the LV marker γ-TIP. These findings demonstrate that the central LVs of root cells arise from PSVs via cell type-specific transformation pathways.
Design and evaluation of PWM control circuits for DC/AC converters using PSPICE (2002)

The authors propose a way to design and evaluate the control circuit stage for a three-phase DC/AC power converter. PSPICE offers the possibility of design and evaluation of the complete system which includes control circuit, DC/AC power converter and the motor. This is very important because it is possible to see how the control circuit determines the performance of the whole system. This proposal includes all parts of the system, but with special emphasis on the control circuit. In the control circuit, it is possible to evaluate several PWM techniques. The software employed allows the evaluation of total harmonic distortion, THD, produced by each technique, it also allows evaluation of bipolar power waveshapes, and provides a good reference for the hardware required for control circuit implementation. An example is showed in which the isolation stage required between control circuit and power stage are included. Computational and practical results are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Solvent-Induced Reversal of Activities between Two Closely Related Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Aldol Reaction (2013)

The relative rates of the aldol reaction catalyzed by supported primary and secondary amines can be inverted by 2 orders of magnitude, depending on the use of hexane or water as a solvent. Our analyses suggest that this dramatic shift in the catalytic behavior of the supported amines does not involve differences in reaction mechanism, but is caused by activation of imine to enamine equilibria and stabilization of iminium species. The effects of solvent polarity and acidity were found to be important to the performance of the catalytic reaction. This study highlights the critical role of solvent in multicomponent heterogeneous catalytic processes.
SEPARATE-COATING AND LAYER-BY-LAYER DEPOSITION OF POLYMER EMITTING MATERIALS BY THE SPRAY DEPOSITION (2003)

The spray deposition method has been developed as a new way of polymer ultra-thin film preparation for organic optoelectronic devices such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED). In this method, a highly diluted solution of an organic material is nebulized into air and concentrated under a controlled evaporation condition. The resulting aerosol is transported by a carrier gas and deposited onto a solid substrate. This method has substantial advantages that an almost insoluble and non-evaporative material can be fabricated into a thin film, and that a separate-coating and layer-by-layer deposition of polymer materials can be performed. An OLED was prepared from highly diluted THF solutions (10−4 wt%) of two poly-phenylenevinylene derivatives. One shows red emission and the other green. The red polymer was deposited on an ITO electrode through a shadow mask with round holes and 0.1 mm line width to result a fine separate-coating and the green one was laminated onto the patterned film. An Al anode was deposited on the polymer film in a vacuum evaporator. The fabricated OLED showed a patterned emission at around 10 V.
Searching for “Defect-Tolerant” Photovoltaic Materials: Combined Theoretical and Experimental Screening (2017)

Recently, we and others have proposed screening criteria for “defect-tolerant” photovoltaic (PV) absorbers, identifying several classes of semiconducting compounds with electronic structures similar to those of hybrid lead–halide perovskites. In this work, we reflect on the accuracy and prospects of these new design criteria through a combined experimental and theoretical approach. We construct a model to extract photoluminescence lifetimes of six of these candidate PV absorbers, including four (InI, SbSI, SbSeI, and BiOI) for which time-resolved photoluminescence has not been previously reported. The lifetimes of all six candidate materials exceed 1 ns, a threshold for promising early stage PV device performance. However, there are variations between these materials, and none achieve lifetimes as high as those of the hybrid lead–halide perovskites, suggesting that the heuristics for defect-tolerant semiconductors are incomplete. We explore this through first-principles point defect calculations and Shockley–Read–Hall recombination models to describe the variation between the measured materials. In light of these insights, we discuss the evolution of screening criteria for defect tolerance and high-performance PV materials.
Convective Instabilities of Electrokinetic Flows in a Cross-Shaped Microchannel (2004)

We present a parametric experimental study of convective electrokinetic instability (EKI) in an isotropically etched, cross-shaped microchannel using quantitative epifluorescence imaging. The base state is a three-inlet, one-outlet electrokinetic focusing flow configuration where the centre sample stream and sheath flows have mismatched ionic conductivities. Electrokinetic flows with conductivity gradients become unstable when the electroviscous stretching and folding of conductivity interfaces grows faster than the dissipative effect of molecular diffusion. Scalar images, critical applied fields required for instability, and temporal and spatial scalar energy are presented for flows with a wide range of applied d.c. electric field and centre-tosheath conductivity ratios. These parameters impose variations of the electric Rayleigh number across four orders of magnitude. We introduce a scaling for charge density in the bulk fluid as a function of local maximum conductivity gradients in the flow. This scaling shows that the flow becomes unstable at a critical electric Rayleigh number (Rae,� = 205) and applies to a wide range of applied field and centre-tosheath conductivity ratios. This work is relevant to on-chip electrokinetic flows with conductivity gradients such as field amplified sample stacking, flow at the intersections of multi-dimensional assays, electrokinetic control and separation of sample streams with poorly specified chemistry, and low-Reynolds number micromixing.
Integrating optics and micro-fluidic channels using femtosecond laser irradiation (2009)

The ability to integrate micro-channels for fluid transport with optical elements is attractive for the development of compact and portable chip-based sensors. Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing (FLDW) in transparent materials is a powerful tool for the fabrication of such integrated devices. We demonstrate the use of FLDW to fabricate coupled micro-fluidic channels and optical waveguides towards an integrated sensing device for molecular detection. Waveguides were directly written into the host material and channels were formed by modifying the molecular structure through FLDW followed by wet chemical etching. Multiple host materials including chalcogenide glasses for IR detection are discussed. © 2009 SPIE.
Guideline on the use of new anticancer drugs for the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma 2010 update (2012)

The "Guideline on the Use of New Anticancer Drugs for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma" was prepared by the Study Group on New Liver Cancer Therapies established by the "Research Project on Emergency Measures to Overcome Hepatitis" under the auspices of the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant. The Guideline brings together data collected by the Study Group on the use and incidence of adverse events in 264 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated using sorafenib and in 535 patients with advanced HCC treated using miriplatin at 16 participating institutions up until 22 December 2010, as well as referring to the published studies, academic presentations, and reports from the private sector. The aim of this Guideline is to facilitate understanding and current thinking regarding the proper usage of new anticancer drugs towards actual use in therapy. In terms of the format, the Guideline presents "clinical questions" on issues pertaining to medical care, makes "recommendations" on diagnosis and treatment in response to each of these clinical questions, and provides a rationale for these recommendations in the form of "scientific statements".
Layered Heterostructure Ionogel Electrolytes for High‐Performance Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2021)

Ionogel electrolytes based on ionic liquids and gelling matrices offer several advantages for solid-state lithium-ion batteries, including nonflammability, wide processing compatibility, and favorable electrochemical and thermal properties. However, the absence of ionic liquids that are concurrently stable at low and high potentials constrains the electrochemical windows of ionogel electrolytes and thus their high-energy-density applications. Here, ionogel electrolytes with a layered heterostructure are introduced, combining high-potential (anodic stability: >5 V vs Li/Li<sup>+</sup> ) and low-potential (cathodic stability: <0 V vs Li/Li<sup>+</sup> ) imidazolium ionic liquids in a hexagonal boron nitride nanoplatelet matrix. These layered heterostructure ionogel electrolytes lead to extended electrochemical windows, while preserving high ionic conductivity (>1 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> at room temperature). Using the layered heterostructure ionogel electrolytes, full-cell solid-state lithium-ion batteries with a nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode and a graphite anode are demonstrated, exhibiting voltages that are unachievable with either the high-potential or low-potential ionic liquid alone. Compared to ionogel electrolytes based on mixed ionic liquids, the layered heterostructure ionogel electrolytes enable higher stability operation of full-cell lithium-ion batteries, resulting in significantly enhanced cycling performance.
Effect of dimensionality on the percolation thresholds of variousd-dimensional lattices (2013)

We show analytically that the $[0,1]$, $[1,1]$, and $[2,1]$ Pad\'e approximants of the mean cluster number $S(p)$ for site and bond percolation on general $d$-dimensional lattices are upper bounds on this quantity in any Euclidean dimension $d$, where $p$ is the occupation probability. These results lead to certain lower bounds on the percolation threshold ${p}_{c}$ that become progressively tighter as $d$ increases and asymptotically exact as $d$ becomes large. These lower-bound estimates depend on the structure of the $d$-dimensional lattice and whether site or bond percolation is being considered. We obtain explicit bounds on ${p}_{c}$ for both site and bond percolation on five different lattices: $d$-dimensional generalizations of the simple-cubic, body-centered-cubic, and face-centered-cubic Bravais lattices as well as the $d$-dimensional generalizations of the diamond and kagom\'e (or pyrochlore) non-Bravais lattices. These analytical estimates are used to assess available simulation results across dimensions (up through $d=13$ in some cases). It is noteworthy that the tightest lower bound provides reasonable estimates of ${p}_{c}$ in relatively low dimensions and becomes increasingly accurate as $d$ grows. We also derive high-dimensional asymptotic expansions for ${p}_{c}$ for the 10 percolation problems and compare them to the Bethe-lattice approximation. Finally, we remark on the radius of convergence of the series expansion of $S$ in powers of $p$ as the dimension grows.
Mapping of the late promoter of simian virus 40. (1984)

Mapping of the simian virus 40 (SV40) late promoter was carried out in the absence of the viral early protein, large tumor (T) antigen, and replication of the viral DNA template. SV40 late control region DNA fragments, containing specific deletions, were cloned directly upstream from the coding region of the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase (TK; ATP:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.21) gene (tk). The promoter activities of the fragments were determined by measuring the tk transformation frequencies of the chimeric tk constructs in mouse L TK- APRT- (adenine phosphoribosyltransferase-negative) and human 143B TK- cell lines. The following results were obtained. (i) The SV40 control region functions with equal efficiencies in the early and late promoter orientations. (ii) A major late control element has been localized within the G+C-rich 21-base-pair (bp) repeat. Thus, in conjunction with our earlier results, the 21-bp repeat is a bidirectional promoter element functioning as a major component of both the early and late promoters and is an element that enhances the replication efficiency of SV40 DNA. (iii) Minor late promoters have been localized within the minimal replication origin and the 72-bp repeat. (iv) The minimal replication origin is not per se a constituent of the major late promoter; however, both the minimal replication origin and the 21-bp repeat are required for obtaining high levels of late gene expression observed at late times after infection by SV40. (v) The 72-bp repeat exerts a 4- to 5-fold enhancement of late promoter expression.
Supplementary Table 7 from Comprehensive Genome Methylation Analysis in Bladder Cancer: Identification and Validation of Novel Methylated Genes and Application of These as Urinary Tumor Markers (2023)

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Bilateral Directional Assymetry in the Human Clavicle (2012)

This study investigates bilateral directional asymmetry (BDA) in the human clavicle using the McCormick Collection, a documented autopsy sample from 1986–98 autopsies in East Tennessee (n=1125). BDA has been examined extensively in the human skeleton, especially limb bones. Most of these studies rely on comparisons of metric measurements typically used in skeletal analyses. While most of these measurements are thought to reflect mechanically relevant morphologies, these dimensions may not reflect the most morphologically asymmetrical areas. In an effort to holistically address BDA, this study examines standard metric measurements on the entire sample, conducts a curvature analysis of the medial axis on a subset (n=33) of 3D models developed from CT scans using statistical atlases, and examines the average surface‐to‐surface differences of this subset of modeled clavicles. In males and females, mean length of the left clavicle is significantly greater than the right (α=.05). Furthermore, maximum midshaft diameter is significantly greater in the right clavicle than in the left. All p‐values are more significant in males than in females. Shape analyses indicate that magnitudes of greatest difference between the left and right surface models occur at muscle attachment sites. These preliminary results point to a strong biomechanical influence on BDA in the human clavicle in both sexes, particularly males.