gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optofluidic Fabry-Pérot Micro-Cavities Comprising Curved Surfaces for Homogeneous Liquid Refractometry—Design, Simulation, and Experimental Performance Assessment (2016)

In the scope of miniaturized optical sensors for liquid refractometry, this work details the design, numerical simulation, and experimental characterization of a Fabry-Pérot resonator consisting of two deeply-etched silicon cylindrical mirrors with a micro-tube in between holding the liquid analyte under study. The curved surfaces of the tube and the cylindrical mirrors provide three-dimensional light confinement and enable achieving stability for the cavity illuminated by a Gaussian beam input. The resonant optofluidic cavity attains a high-quality factor (<i>Q</i>)-over 2800-which is necessary for a sensitive refractometer, not only by providing a sharp interference spectrum peak that enables accurate tracing of the peak wavelengths shifts, but also by providing steep side peaks, which enables detection of refractive index changes by power level variations when operating at a fixed wavelength. The latter method can achieve refractometry without the need for spectroscopy tools, provided certain criteria explained in the details are met. By experimentally measuring mixtures of acetone-toluene with different ratios, refractive index variations of 0.0005 < Δ<i>n</i> < 0.0022 could be detected, with sensitivity as high as 5500 μW/RIU.
Hypoxia-dependent mitochondrial fission regulates endothelial progenitor cell migration, invasion, and tube formation (2018)

Tumor undergo uncontrolled, excessive proliferation leads to hypoxic microenvironment. To fulfill their demand for nutrient, and oxygen, tumor angiogenesis is required. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been known to the main source of angiogenesis because of their potential to differentiation into endothelial cells. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of EPC-mediated angiogenesis in hypoxia is critical for development of cancer therapy. Recently, mitochondrial dynamics has emerged as a critical mechanism for cellular function and differentiation under hypoxic conditions. However, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission accelerates EPCs bioactivities. We first investigated the effect of hypoxia on EPC-mediated angiogenesis. Cell migration, invasion, and tube formation was significantly increased under hypoxic conditions; expression of EPC surface markers was unchanged. And mitochondrial fission was induced by hypoxia time-dependent manner. We found that hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission was triggered by dynamin-related protein Drp1, specifically, phosphorylated DRP1 at Ser637, a suppression marker for mitochondrial fission, was impaired in hypoxia time-dependent manner. To confirm the role of DRP1 in EPC-mediated angiogenesis, we analyzed cell bioactivities using Mdivi-1, a selective DRP1 inhibitor, and DRP1 siRNA. DRP1 silencing or Mdivi-1 treatment dramatically reduced cell migration, invasion, and tube formation in EPCs, but the expression of EPC surface markers was unchanged. In conclusion, we uncovered a novel role of mitochondrial fission in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. Therefore, we suggest that specific modulation of DRP1-mediated mitochondrial dynamics may be a potential therapeutic strategy in EPC-mediated tumor angiogenesis.
Evidence for edge state photoluminescence in graphene quantum dots (2013)

For a practical realization of graphene-based logic devices, the opening of a band gap in graphene is crucial and has proven challenging. To this end, several synthesis techniques, including unzipping of carbon nanotubes, chemical vapor deposition, and other bottom-up fabrication techniques have been pursued for the bulk production of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). However, only limited progress has been made towards a fundamental understanding of the origin of strong photoluminescence (PL) in GQDs. Here, it is experimentally shown that the PL is independent of the functionalization scheme of the GQDs. Following a series of annealing experiments designed to passivate the free edges, the PL in GQDs originates from edge-states, and an edge-passivation subsequent to synthesis quenches the PL. The results of PL studies of GNRs and carbon nano-onions are shown to be consistent with PL being generated at the edge sites of GQDs.
Development of Multiple Frequency Band Antenna for ITS (2007)

Recently, the number of wireless telecommunication equipments installed in the car increases rapidly because of the spread of ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems). Especially, GPS (Global Positioning System), VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System), and ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) are becoming indispensable telecommunication item. However, because space in the car is limited, it is impossible to set up the antenna for GPS, VICS, and ETC individually. Accordingly, these antennas should be integrated. Actually, two or more antennas are electromagnetic coupled with MSL (Micro Strip Line). As the point that should be noted, VICS needs linear polarized antenna though GPS and ETC use circular polarized antenna. In circular polarized antenna, two point feeding method by power divider is adopted. In two point feeding method, when the phase difference between feed points is 90 degrees, the circular polarized radiation is caused. On the other hand, the linear polarized radiation is caused when there is no phase difference between feed points. Consequently, the circular polarized and the linear polarized radiation is divided only by the phase difference adjustment between feed points. In addition, because the use frequency for GPS, VICS, and ETC is 1.5GHz, 2.5GHz and 5.8GHz respectively, the antenna size can be gradually reduced. Hence, if each antenna is arranged in the nest, the integration of different polarized antennas becomes possible. The requirement to the antenna for ITS has “Compact size”, “Coexistence of circular polarized wave and linear polarized wave”, and “Adaptability to multi band”, etc.. The most important technology for ITS antenna is method of radiating circular polarized wave. There are two methods that radiate circular polarized wave. The one point feeding method is advantage in simple feeding. On the other hand, two point feeding method is advantage in easier phase control. It is necessary to synthesize these methods so those circular polarized waves coexist with linear polarized wave. Multi loop antenna is reported as the antenna, which obtains adaptability to multi band [1]. Therefore, the antenna which combined two point feeding method with multi loop antenna is designed. Fig. 1 shows the structure of that antenna. The antenna radiates circular polarized wave for the structure of Fig. 1 in the multi band.Accordingly, The requirement to the antenna for ITS can be achieved.
Coupling magnetically induced electric fields to neurons: longitudinal and transverse activation (2018)

ABSTRACT We present a theory and computational models to couple the electric field induced by magnetic stimulation to neuronal membranes. The response of neuronal membranes to induced electric fields is examined under different time scales, and the characteristics of the primary and secondary electric fields from electromagnetic induction and charge accumulation on conductivity boundaries, respectively, are analyzed. Based on the field characteristics and decoupling of the longitudinal and transverse field components along the neural cable, quasi-potentials are a simple and accurate approximation for coupling of magnetically induced electric fields to neurons and a modified cable equation provides theoretical consistency for magnetic stimulation. The conventional and modified cable equations are used to simulate magnetic stimulation of long peripheral nerves by circular and figure-8 coils. Activation thresholds are obtained over a range of lateral and vertical coil positions for two nonlinear membrane models representing unmyelinated and myelinated axons and also for undulating myelinated axons. For unmyelinated straight axons, the thresholds obtained with the modified cable equation are significantly lower due to transverse polarization, and the spatial distributions of thresholds as a function of coil position differ significantly from predictions by the activating function. For myelinated axons, the transverse field contributes negligibly to activation thresholds, whereas axonal undulation can increase or decrease thresholds depending on coil position. The analysis provides a rigorous theoretical foundation and implementation methods for the use of the cable equation to model neuronal response to magnetically induced electric fields. Experimentally observed stimulation with the electric fields perpendicular to the nerve trunk cannot be explained by transverse polarization alone and is likely due to nerve fiber undulation and other geometrical inhomogeneities.
Addition to “Trends in Therapeutic Conjugates: Bench to Clinic” (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionAddition to "Trends in Therapeutic Conjugates: Bench to Clinic"Arnab RudraArnab RudraMore by Arnab Rudrahttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1704-5534, Junwei LiJunwei LiMore by Junwei Li, Rameen ShakurRameen ShakurMore by Rameen Shakur, Sachin BhagchandaniSachin BhagchandaniMore by Sachin Bhagchandani, and Robert Langer*Robert Langer*Email: [email protected]More by Robert Langerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-0492Cite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 2020, 31, 4, 1209Publication Date (Web):March 23, 2020Publication History Published online23 March 2020Published inissue 15 April 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00136https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00136correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1279Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (411 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Anatomy,Conjugate acid-base pairs,Genetics,Targeting,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Experimental and numerical crushing analyses of thin-walled magnesium profiles (2015)

AbstractIn order to assess the crashworthiness of simple magnesium structures the axial deformation behaviour of different hollow rectangular profiles produced from wrought magnesium alloys Mg–3wt.%Al–1wt.%Zn–0.3wt.%Mn and Mg–1wt.%Zn–0.4wt.%rare earth mischmetal were investigated under quasi-static compressive loading conditions. Laser beam welding was applied to build the crush configurations from plane rolled sheets; indirect extrusion was used to manufacture seamless profiles. Numerical simulations were conducted to predict and assess the crush behaviour. The simulation results revealed that the material work hardening rates evidenced in uniaxial compression tests together with the cross section influenced the buckling modes as well as the energy dissipation. The performance of the magnesium profiles in terms of dissipated specific energy is better than that of aluminium profiles for small compressive displacements. However, for large displacements, shear-compressive failure limited the crush displacement and hence the energy dissipation. The weld itself did not influence the failure and the energy dissipation of the respective structure. For the alloy and process development of wrought magnesium, prospective improvements towards higher dissipated energy can be realised by increasing not only the strength but also the hardening rate of the material.Keywords: crashworthinessenergy absorptionanisotropyAZ31ZE10laser beam welding AcknowledgementsThe authors like to thank Kay Erdmann and Jürgen Knaack for their kind assistance during mechanical testing. Support by Assessment, Computing and Engineering Centre (ACE) and the Magnesium Innovation Centre (MagIC) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors appreciate the help of Sören Müller and his team at the Extrusion Research Centre of TU Berlin (Germany) during extrusion experiments and help of Günther Meister of HZG during casting of the extrusion billets as well as the proofreading of the manuscript by Julian Correa.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Flash Infrared Annealing for Antisolvent‐Free Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells (2018)

Abstract Organic–inorganic perovskites have demonstrated an impressive potential for the design of the next generation of solar cells. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are currently considered for scaling up and commercialization. Many of the lab‐scale preparation methods are however difficult to scale up or are environmentally unfriendly. The highest efficient PSCs are currently prepared using the antisolvent method, which utilizes a significant amount of an organic solvent to induce perovskite crystallization in a thin film. An antisolvent‐free method is developed in this work using flash infrared annealing (FIRA) to prepare methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ) PSCs with a record stabilized power conversion efficiency of 18.3%. With an irradiation time of fewer than 2 s, FIRA enables the coating of glass and plastic substrates with pinhole‐free perovskite films that exhibit micrometer‐size crystalline domains. This work discusses the FIRA‐induced crystallization mechanism and unveils the main parameters controlling the film morphology. The replacement of the antisolvent method and the larger crystalline domains resulting from flash annealing make FIRA a highly promising method for the scale‐up of PSC manufacture.
Effect of confinement on ionic liquids dynamics in monolithic silica ionogels: 1H NMR study (2007)

(1)H MAS NMR and temperature-dependent relaxation time measurements were carried out for the first time on ionic liquids confined in monolithic silica matrices and enabled us to show that the ionic liquids' dynamics experienced only a very small slowing-down. The confinement preserved the ionic liquids' properties and, moreover, allowed liquid-like behaviour at temperatures below the crystallisation temperature of genuine ionic liquids. This study highlights the interest of the ionogel approach to all-solid state devices with genuine IL properties.
Tumor-Activated Benzothiazole Inhibitors of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (2020)

A series of <i>N</i>-acyl benzothiazoles shows selective and potent cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines expressing cytochrome P450 4F11. A prodrug form is metabolized by cancer cells into an active inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). Substantial variation on the acyl portion of the inhibitors allowed the identification of (<i>R</i>)-<b>27</b>, which balanced potency, solubility, and lipophilicity to allow proof-of-concept studies in mice. The prodrugs were activated inside the tumor, where they can arrest tumor growth. Together, these observations offer promise that a tumor-activated prodrug strategy might exploit the essentiality of SCD for tumor growth, while avoiding toxicity associated with systemic SCD inhibition.
Data-driven and model-based framework for smart water grid anomaly detection and localization (2021)

Abstract With increasing adoption of advanced meter infrastructure, smart sensors together with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems, it is imperative to develop novel data analytics and couple the results with hydraulic modeling to improve the quality and efficiency of water services. One important task is to timely detect and localize anomaly events, which may include, but not be limited to, pipe bursts and unauthorized water usages. In this paper, a comprehensive solution framework has been developed for anomaly detection and localization by formulating and integrating data-driven analytics with hydraulic model calibration. Data analysis for anomaly detection proceeds in multiple steps including the following: (1) data pre-processing to eliminate and correct erroneous data records, (2) outlier detection by statistical process control methods and deep machine learning, and (3) system anomaly classification by correlation analysis of multiple sensor events. Classified system anomaly events are subsequently localized via hydraulic model calibration. The integrated solution framework is developed as a user-friendly and effective software tool, tested, and validated on the selected target areas in Singapore.
Preparation of magnetic tips for a scanning force microscope (1990)

A simple technique for peparing magnetic tips used in a scanning force microscope is described. In this technique a thin layer of ferromagnetic material is deposited on an etched tungsten tip via sputtering or galvanic deposition. Images of magnetic domains obtained with these tips are presented, demonstrating a lateral resolution of the order of 50–100 nm.
Measurement driven birth model for the generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter (2016)

This paper presents a measurement driven birth (MDB) model for the generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter. The MDB model adaptively generates target births based on measurement data, thereby eliminating the dependence of a priori knowledge of target birth distributions. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance.
Bivalent Ligand Aiming Putative Mu Opioid Receptor and Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Dimers in Opioid Enhanced HIV-1 Entry (2020)

A bivalent compound 1a featuring both a mu opioid receptor (MOR) and a CXCR4 antagonist pharmacophore (naltrexone and IT1t) was designed and synthesized. Further binding and functional studies demonstrated 1a acting as a MOR and a CXCR4 dual antagonist with reasonable binding affinities at both receptors. Furthermore, compound 1a seemed more effective than a combination of IT1t and naltrexone in inhibiting HIV entry at the presence of morphine. Additional molecular modeling results suggested that 1a may bind with the putative MOR-CXCR4 heterodimer to induce its anti-HIV activity. Collectively, bivalent ligand 1a may serve as a promising lead to develop chemical probes targeting the putative MOR-CXCR4 heterodimer in comprehending opioid exacerbated HIV-1 invasion.
Percutaneous Stone Removal (2007)

In this chapter the method of percutaneous stone removal is reviewed in its entirety. The indications for percutaneous stone removal in the age of shockwave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy are carefully reviewed: staghorn stones, obstruction and stones (e.g., ureteropelvic junction obstruction and calyceal diverticula), renal anomalies (e.g., horseshoe kidney), stones with difficult lower pole anatomy, and calculi that are extremely hard (i.e., Hounsfield units ≥1000). In addition, the technique is presented with the method for percutaneous access and details of intrarenal lithotripsy. Accompanying this section is a detailed account of the instrumentation available. Some tips and tricks for successful stone removal are presented, such as the use of the ureteral access sheath to improve renal access and stone clearance, as well as the use of various hemostatic agents in lieu of placing a percutaneous nephrostomy tube at the termination of the procedure. Also, a full discussion of complications is provided: prevention, recognition, and treatment.
Comparative Reactivity of the Three Glucosyl -OH Positions -2, -3 and -6 during esterification and saponification of starch by nmr spectroscopy of partially Deutero-acetylated material (1998)

International audience
Competitive Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Oligo(ethylene oxide) Substituted Quadruple Hydrogen Bonded Systems (2010)

A series of oligo(ethylene oxide) (oligoEO) substituted 2-ureido-pyrimidinones (UPy), differing in the number of ethylene oxide units and the length of the aliphatic spacer connecting the oligoEO side chain with the UPy group, have been prepared. It was found that variation in these structural parameters strongly influences the dimerization constant (K(dim)) of the UPy dimer and the association constant (K(a)) of UPy with 2,7-diamido-1,8-naphthyridine (NaPy) in chloroform. By analyzing the relation between dimerization strength, length of aliphatic spacer, and the number of EO units in the oligoEO chain, we present strong evidence that the reduction in hydrogen bond strength is caused by competitive intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the ether atoms of the oligoEO chain to the hydrogen bond donors of the UPy unit.
Capacity Planning Tools for Web and Grid Environments (Invited Paper) (2006)

A key aspect in managing resources for customer sites is to predict and assess the load associated with a site in order to figure out how best to allocate resources for the site over time and to efficiently schedule tasks. The cost associated with the site and return on investment are also key parameters. This paper describes work we have done in developing tools for answering these critical questions. The tools use both analytical models and discrete event simulations to predict performance and analyze costs needed for handling a customer workload while satisfying the service level objectives. These tools provide capacity and load planning, performance simulation, and cost and financial analyses. Our tools have been used successfully by several major customers, and those experiences have shaped how the tools have evolved over time.
High-brightness switchable multiwavelength remote laser in air (2011)

We demonstrate a harmonic-seeded switchable multiwavelength laser in air driven by intense midinfrared femtosecond laser pulses, in which population inversion occurs at an ultrafast time scale (i.e., less than \ensuremath{\sim}200 fs) owing to direct formation of excited molecular nitrogen ions by strong-field ionization of inner-valence electrons. The bright multiwavelength laser in air opens the perspective for remote detection of multiple pollutants based on nonlinear optical spectroscopy.
The MITLL NIST LRE 2011 language recognition system. (2012)

 This paper presents a description of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MITLL) language recognition system developed for the NIST 2011 Language Recognition Evaluation (LRE). The submitted system consisted of a fusion of four core classifiers, three based on spectral similarity and one based on tokenization. Additional system improvements were achieved following the submission deadline. In a major departure from previous evaluations, the 2011 LRE task focused on closed-set pairwise performance so as to emphasize a system’s ability to distinguish confusable language pairs. Results are presented for the 24-language confusable pair task at test utterance durations of 30, 10, and 3 seconds. Results are also shown using the standard detection metrics (DET, minDCF) and it is demonstrated the previous metrics adequately cover difficult pair performance. On the 30 s 24-language confusable pair task, the submitted and post-evaluation systems achieved average costs of 0.079 and 0.070 and standard detection costs of 0.038 and 0.033.