gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of RFRP-3 in the development of cold stress-induced polycystic ovary phenotype in rats (2018)

RFamide-related peptide (RFRP-3) is a regulator of GnRH secretion from the brain, but it can also act in human ovary to influence steroidogenesis. We aimed to study the putative local role of RFRP-3 in the ovary and its potential participation in the development of a polycystic ovary phenotype induced by chronic sympathetic stress (cold stress). We used adult Sprague–Dawley rats divided into control and stressed groups. In both groups, we studied the effect of intraovarian exposure to RFRP-3 on follicular development and plasma ovarian steroid concentrations. We also tested the effect of RFRP-3 on ovarian steroid production in vitro. Chronic in vivo intraovarian exposure to RFRP-3 decreased basal testosterone concentrations and cold stress-induced progesterone production by the ovary. In vitro, RFRP-3 decreased hCG-induced ovarian progesterone and testosterone secretion. Immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression analysis showed a decrease in Rfrp and expression of its receptor in the ovary of stressed rats, a result which is in line with the increased testosterone levels found in stressed rats. In vivo application of RFRP-3 recovered the low levels of secondary and healthy antral follicles found in stressed rats. Taken together, our data indicate a previously unknown response of hypothalamic and ovarian RFRP-3 to chronic cold stress, influencing ovarian steroidogenesis and follicular dynamics. Thus, it is likely that RFRP-3 modulation in the ovary is a key component of development of the polycystic ovary phenotype.
Progranulin functions as a neurotrophic factor to regulate neurite outgrowth and enhance neuronal survival (2008)

Recently, mutations in the progranulin (PGRN) gene were found to cause familial and apparently sporadic frontotemporal lobe dementia (FTLD). Moreover, missense changes in PGRN were identified in patients with motor neuron degeneration, a condition that is related to FTLD. Most mutations identified in patients with FTLD until now have been null mutations. However, it remains unknown whether PGRN protein levels are reduced in the central nervous system from such patients. The effects of PGRN on neurons also remain to be established. We report that PGRN levels are reduced in the cerebrospinal fluid from FTLD patients carrying a PGRN mutation. We observe that PGRN and GRN E (one of the proteolytic fragments of PGRN) promote neuronal survival and enhance neurite outgrowth in cultured neurons. These results demonstrate that PGRN/GRN is a neurotrophic factor with activities that may be involved in the development of the nervous system and in neurodegeneration.
Targeted detection of cancer at the cellular level during biopsy by near-infrared confocal laser endomicroscopy (2022)

Suspicious nodules detected by radiography are often investigated by biopsy, but the diagnostic yield of biopsies of small nodules is poor. Here we report a method-NIR-nCLE-to detect cancer at the cellular level in real-time during biopsy. This technology integrates a cancer-targeted near-infrared (NIR) tracer with a needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) system modified to detect NIR signal. We develop and test NIR-nCLE in preclinical models of pulmonary nodule biopsy including human specimens. We find that the technology has the resolution to identify a single cancer cell among normal fibroblast cells when co-cultured at a ratio of 1:1000, and can detect cancer cells in human tumors less than 2 cm in diameter. The NIR-nCLE technology rapidly delivers images that permit accurate discrimination between tumor and normal tissue by non-experts. This proof-of-concept study analyzes pulmonary nodules as a test case, but the results may be generalizable to other malignancies.
&#x003E;200 nm gain-bandwidth hybrid silicon laser array using quantum well intermixing (2012)

Using a single epitaxial structure, multiple CW operational DFB lasers with backside photodetectors, emitting over a 200 nm range from 1250-1450 nm are integrated on silicon. Four bandgaps spread over >;100 nm were realized using quantum well intermixing for increased spectral gain.
<title>Feasibility of an online fluorescence-based optical sensor for oxygen monitoring in cell-culture media</title> (2002)

Low molecular weight molecules are typically very difficult to detect directly in solution using commercially available SPR (surface plasmon resonance) instruments. This is because the mass change on binding is not sufficient to cause a detectable change in refractive index on binding to surface- bound receptors (e.g., antibodies). Some receptors, however, undergo extensive changes in tertiary structure upon binding ligands. Here we present data suggesting conformational changes in surface-bound receptors such as periplasmic binding proteins and calcium-binding proteins can be detected by SPR. This SPR response can be used to monitor specific binding of carbohydrates and calcium even though the molecular weight of these analytes would be difficult to detect using traditional SPR methods. Therefore this approach has potential applications for developing optical biosensors for such small molecules.
A possible new syndrome with growth-hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, colonic polyposis, lipomatosis, lentigines and renal carcinoma in association with familial testicular germ cell malignancy: A case report (2007)

The constellation of benign and malignant neoplasms in the context of this patient's familial testicular cancer raised the possibility that these might be manifestations of a known hereditary susceptibility cancer syndrome; however, genetic testing for the three syndromes that were most likely to explain these findings did not show any mutation. Alternatively, this family's phenotype might represent a novel neoplasm susceptibility disorder. This possibility cannot be evaluated definitively on the basis of a single case report; additional observations and studies are necessary to investigate this hypothesis further.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 4,4-Disubstituted-2-Imidazoli-dinones:  Potent NK1 Antagonists (2003)

[structure: see text] A highly efficient and practical synthesis of 4,4-Disubstituted-2-Imidazolidinones utilizing a "self-reproduction of the center of chirality" strategy is described.
Multi-Configurations in Nematic Liquid Crystal Films: A Microrubbing Approach (2005)

We report a technique for the patterned alignment of liq. crystals on polyimide using microrubbing (m-rubbing). Homeotropic polyimide was m-rubbed with a metallic sphere 1 mm in diam. under a specified load of 150 g. We obsd. that m-rubbing induces a high pretilt planar alignment when homeotropic polyimide is used. Liq. crystal cells were constructed from two m-rubbed polyimide substrates, whose rubbing directions are oriented orthogonal to each other. At the intersection points of two m-rubbed lines, a twisted nematic configuration was obsd. In the other sections of the sample, either a splay or homeotropic configuration is realized. A pretilt of 10° was measured in the m-rubbed area. The electro-optical performances of the twisted nematic regions were also investigated.
Fracture Criterion of a Mixed-Mode Crack. 2nd Report, Mode II Fracture Criterion and Criterion for Judging Fracture Mode. (1993)

In the first report, it was shown that, as far as the mode I (opening type) fracture occurs, the criterion ( εI<ψmax> criterion) based on the mode I contribution of Eψ (crack energy density in an arbitrary direction) is effective from completely elastic fracture to elastic-plastic fracture with large yielding region through the application of εI<ψmax> criterion to the fractures of an inclined crack under tensile type loading. However, the mode II (shear type) fracture may occur under some conditions. So, in this paper, the criterion (εIIψmax criterion) based on the mode II contribution of εψ is proposed as the criterion for the mode II fractψre first. Subsequently, the fracture experiments of an inclined crack under shear type loading are carried out and, based on the experimental results, its applicability to mode II fractures is shown in addition to the applicability of εI<ψmax> criterion to mode I fractures and, moreover, the criterion for judging fracture mode is discussed. Finally, by summarizing the results in this paper and those in the first report, the most generalized mixed-mode fracture criterion which can also judge fracture mode is given.
<title>Influence of the gate dielectric on the morphological and electronic structure of pentacene films for transistor applications</title> (2001)

The structural and transport properties of pentacene thin film transistors are reported, showing the influence of the deposition temperature, the deposition rate and the substrate on the structural and transport properties of oTFTs. The structure and morphology of pentacene films on thermal oxide and plasma CVD silicon nitride were compared by x-ray diffraction measurements and atomic force microscopy. There is a clear correlation between the morphology and the structural properties of the highly polycrystalline films on the two dielectrics. In the case of silicon nitride the roughness of the film has a distinct influence on the morphology and the structural properties, whereas the films on thermal oxide are in general highly ordered independent of the deposition conditions. The ordered films exhibit a thin film and a crystalline bulk phase, and the crystalline bulk phase fraction increases with the deposition temperature and the film thickness. We find that careful control of the deposition conditions give virtually identical films on the oxide and nitride dielectrics. To study the electronic properties we have realized inverted staggered transistors. The mobility of the TFTs is correlated with the morphology and the structural properties of the films, and increases with the size of the crystals. The TFTs exhibit very similar mobilities of ~0.4 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/Vs and on/off ratios &gt;10<SUP>8</SUP> on thermal oxide and flat silicon nitride. The impact of the dielectric on the device parameters of mobility, threshold voltage and sub threshold voltage slope are discussed. Bias stress experiments are performed to investigate the stability of the TFTs, and to gain understanding of the transport mechanisms of thermally evaporated pentacene TFTs.
Two New Leucosesterterpenes from Leucosceptrum canum. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Real-time monitoring of pulsed cavitational ultrasound therapy using coherent passive cavitation imaging: perspectives for volumetric imaging (2019)

Pulsed cavitation ultrasound therapies (PCUT) such as histotripsy are non-invasive therapeutic approaches effective in various medical indications, relying on the mechanical effects generated by inertial cavitation bubbles. Even though limited by the poor contrast, conventional ultrasound B-Mode imaging has been widely used for the guidance and monitoring of the therapeutic procedure, allowing the visualization of the cavitation bubble cloud. However, B-Mode imaging lacks specificity and the visualization of the bubble cloud is often limited in deep and moving organs such as the liver and the heart and remains moreover subjective for the operator. We previously developed a new imaging modality to better identify the cavitation cloud based on a coherent passive ultrasound imaging approach combined with a spatiotemporal filter to map the bubble cloud with high sensitivity and high contrast. Yet, 2D imaging is limited as the therapeutic focal spot is constrained to be located inside the imaging plane, which is an engineering challenge as there might be mechanical misalignments between both the therapy and the imaging transducers as well as ultrasound aberrations leading to monitoring failure. We propose to extend the technique to volumetric imaging, allowing to overcome these limitations, and to explore its performances on an aberrated beam.
Site and mechanism of leptin action in a rodent form of congenital lipodystrophy (2004)

Lipodystrophy is characterized by the complete or partial absence of adipose tissue, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and leptin deficiency. Here, we show that low-dose central leptin corrects the insulin resistance and fatty liver of lipodystrophic aP2-nSREBP-1c mice, while the same dose given peripherally does not. Central leptin also repressed stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) RNA and enzymatic activity, which were increased in livers of lipodystrophic mice. aP2-nSREBP-1c mice homozygous for an SCD-1 deletion had markedly reduced hepatic steatosis, increased saturated fatty acids, decreased acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity, and decreased malonyl-CoA levels in the liver. Despite the reduction in hepatic steatosis, these mice remained diabetic. A leptin dose-response curve showed that subcutaneous leptin improved hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in aP2-nSREBP-1c mice at doses that did not substantially alter hepatic steatosis or hepatic SCD enzymatic activity. Leptin treatment at this dose improved insulin-stimulated insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2) phosphorylation, IRS-2-associated PI3K activity, and Akt activity in liver. Together, these data suggest that CNS-mediated repression of SCD-1 contributes to leptin's antisteatotic actions. Intracerebroventricular leptin improves glucose homeostasis by improving insulin signal transduction in liver, but in this case the effect appears to be independent of SCD-1.
Specificity of Cell‐Mediated Lympholysis for Public and Private H‐2 Determinants (1975)

The specificity of cell‐mediated lympholysis in the mouse was investigated by studying the cross‐reactivity of in vitro‐generated effector cells against targets carrying H‐2 haplotypes different from that of the stimulator. Congenic resistant partners of the C57BL/10 strain carrying ten different, independently derived haplotypes were tested in more than 600 combinations. Strong cytotoxicity was observed when stimulator and target cells shared a private determinant, but considerable cross‐killing was also seen in combinations where stimulator and target cells shared only public determinants. Cross‐killing is specific and can be blocked only by unlabeled cells of the stimulator or target strain. Although cross‐killing does not correlate with the number of stimulating public determinants carried by the target individual determinants 5, 15. 25, and 27 + 28 + 29 are associated with increased cross‐killing. Cross‐killing can occur both at the K and the D end of H‐2 and is not explained by antigens determined by the I region. We conclude that the serologically defined H‐2K and H‐2D molecules are the primary targets for cytotoxic T lymphocytes but that they may be perceived differently by T and B lymphocytes.
Evaluation of a Novel Female Gender Flexible Ureteroscope: Comparison of Flow and Deflection to a Standard Flexible Ureteroscope (2020)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The advent of single-use disposable flexible ureteroscopes allows for rapid prototyping of novel endoscopes. In this regard, we sought to develop a female-specific ureteroscope, with a shorter working length, to account for the female anatomy. We hypothesized that the shorter, female-specific single-use flexible ureteroscope would engender higher irrigation flow at a given pressure than that of the standard-length ureteroscope. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An <i>in vitro</i> analysis of a standard 65 cm Dornier Axis™ ureteroscope and a shorter, 45 cm female-specific Dornier Axis ureteroscope was performed. All other aspects of the endoscopes were identical. Each ureteroscope was oriented vertically and connected to a Thermedx<sup>®</sup> irrigation system to provide uniform pressurized flow. The average flow rate was computed over five, 2-minute periods at pressure settings of 50, 100, 150, and 200 mm Hg. Data were collected with the working channel unoccupied, after placement of a 200 μm (0.6F) holmium laser fiber and after passage of a 1.7F stone basket. The procedure was then repeated with the endoscopes at maximum deflection. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The female gender ureteroscope had significantly higher irrigation flow rates than the standard-length ureteroscope under all conditions by an average of 11% (<i>p</i> < 0.02). The highest average percent increase, 17% (<i>p</i> < 0.001), was seen with the 1.7F NGage<sup>®</sup> basket in the working channel with the endoscope straight. The maximum angle of deflection was not significantly different between the female gender and standard ureteroscopes with an open working channel (314° <i>vs</i> 315°, <i>p</i> = 0.86), with the 1.7F NGage basket in place (314° <i>vs</i> 315°, <i>p</i> = 0.15), and with the 200 μm holmium laser in place (316° <i>vs</i> 309°, <i>p</i> = 0.09). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A 45 cm female gender ureteroscope allows for a higher irrigation flow rate than the standard-length ureteroscope under all test conditions. There is no added benefit with regard to deflection capabilities.
Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma After Failed Radiation Therapy: A Case Series (2020)

LITT is a safe therapy, with few complications and short hospital stays.
Deformation‐resistant Ta 0.2 Hf 0.8 C solid‐solution ceramic with superior flexural strength at 2000°C (2021)

Abstract In this study, we explored the consolidation, solid‐solution formation and high‐temperature properties of tantalum hafnium carbide with the 1 TaC:4 HfC ratio, that is, Ta 0.2 Hf 0.8 C. Tantalum hafnium carbide bulks can be consolidated using spark‐plasma sintering only at temperatures exceeding 2200°C. The bulks prepared using a 40‐min dwell at 2200°C had the lattice parameter a = 4.571(9) Å. Based on the three‐point flexural tests, it was observed that the toughness and strength of Ta 0.2 Hf 0.8 C remained high at 2000°C (3.4 ± 0.4 MPa m 1/2 , 500 ± 20 MPa). At 2000°C, majority of carbides show a plastic behavior, but the strain‐stress curves of the SPSed Ta 0.2 Hf 0.8 C ceramic were linear. Using the shrinkage rate data during the SPS and the strain‐stress data from the high‐temperature flexure, we estimated the activation energies for the densification and flexure as 820 ± 20 kJ/mol and 1180 ± 120 kJ/mol, respectively.
La destruction du patrimoine culturel: jadis et maintenant (2015)

Discussion sur la destruction de l'héritage culturel dans le Proche-Orient: dans le passé et au présent. Une comparaison sera faite entre les différentes époques.
Contribution to the design and the implementation of a Cloud Radio Access Network (2019)

This dissertation paper presents the main contributions to the design and the implementation of a Cloud-RAN solution. We concretely address the two main challenges of Cloud-RAN systems: real-time processing of radio signals and reduced fronthaul capacity. We propose a multi-threading model to achieve latency reduction of critical RAN functions as well as an adapted functional split for optimizing the transmission of radio signals. We model the performance of the proposed solution by means of stochastic service systems which reflect the behavior of high performance computing architectures based on parallel processing and yield dimensioning rules for the required computing capacity. Finally, we validate the accuracy of the theoretical proposals by a Cloud-RAN testbed implemented on the basis of open source solutions, namely Open Air Interface (OAI).
Concordance in the interpretation of PET after chemotherapy in advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma (2015)

High concordance is found between local and central reviewers with regard to PET interpretation in residual tissue after intense chemotherapy. The existence of the central PET review panel allows the identification of additional patients as PET negative so that radiotherapy can be safely omitted (35 of 548 patients = 4.7%).
Decarbonization at crossroads: the cessation of the positive historical trend or a temporary detour? (2013)

Available statistical data indicate that during the last two to three decades, the positive historical trends in decarbonization of primary energy has markedly slowed down and practically ceased. In this article, the current status of the decarbonization of the global economy and constraints and challenges of near-to-mid term carbon mitigation options are analyzed using the Kaya Identity modeling tool. Dramatic reductions in both energy and carbon intensities of the world economy would be necessary to stop and reverse the worrisome re-carbonizing trends, however, for the majority of promising low-carbon technologies, the competition with fossil incumbents is currently an uphill battle. The pivotal role of the three-way energy system comprising methane, non-carbon electricity and hydrogen (hence, dubbed Decarbonization Triangle) in catalyzing the decarbonization process is examined in this paper. The analysis of current tendencies shows that despite recent drastic increases in carbon emissions, there are signs of emerging positive decarbonizing trends fueled by a recent surge in supply of natural gas, booming renewables market and significant gains in energy efficiency. If further strengthened, these trends may put decarbonization back on its positive historical path.
Clinical Analysis of Adult Acute Leukemia with Rearrangements of the 11q23/MLL: Multicenter Co-Operative Study. (2006)

Abstract Background AL(acute leukemias) with 11q23 abnormalities involving the MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) gene comprise one category of recurring genetic abnormalities in the WHO classification. However, the prognosis of adult AL with 11q23/MLL between fusion partners are controversial especially in Asia. Methods We analyzed data on 61 Japanese adult patients diagnosed as AL with 11q23/MLL abnormalities, including the translocations t(4;11), t(9;11), t(6;11), t(11;19) between 1990 and 2006. Results Median age of the 61 patients was 48 years (range, 17–79 years). 54 patients were AML (acute myeloid leukemia) and 7 patients were ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukemia).The incidence by fusion partners in AML were as follows; t(9;11) in 29.6%, t(11;19) in 24.0%, t(6;11) in 18.5%. The incidence of patients with t(11;19) was higher than that in Caucasian and t(4;11) was lower than that in childhood. As for the FAB (French-American-British) subtype, 68.5% of the 11q23/MLL patients were M4/M5. Organ involvement was observed commonly (46.2%) in AML with 11q23/MLL patients except for t(11;19) (7.6%).The CR (complete remission) rate of AML with 11q23/MLL was not low (78.7%), but the CR duration was very short (10 months).The DFS (disease free survival) at 1year and the OS (overall survival) at 2 years were 20% and 30% in AML with t(9;11), 10% and 19% in AML with t(11;19), 10% and 30% in AML with t(6;11). In total, the DFS at 1year and the OS at 2 years were 26% and 25% in AML patients, respectively, while 50% and 50% in ALL patients, respectively. The DFS and the OS at 2 years were 44% and 53% in AML patients with 11q23/MLL who were treated with HSCT(hematopoietic stem cell transplantations), while 14% and 21% in those without HSCT respectively. Conclusions Although there were reports that the prognosis of AML with t(9;11) was not bad in Caucasian, the present study showed poor prognosis of AML with 11q23/MLL in Japanese adult patients regardless of the fusion partners. Our study revealed the short CR duration of the AML patients with 11q23/MLL in the face of the high CR rate. AML patients with 11q23/MLL who were treated with HSCT had superior outcomes to those without HSCT (P=.04 for DFS and P=.04 for OS) .This findings suggest that treatment strategies including HSCT should be considered for AML with 11q23/MLL during the first CR.