gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antihypertensive activities of rice bran peptides (2011)

Protein isolates and peptide fractions from food sources (cereal grains), have been shown to exert bioactive properties including antiobesity, anticancer, antiangiogenic, etc. One such food source is rice bran, which is an underutilized co-product of rough rice milling. It contains 90% of the nutrients and nutraceuticals of value to health, including high quality protein. The high quality protein is a potential source to generate peptides that can reduce hypertension and oxidative stress, both being important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to extract peptide hydrolysates from heat stabilized defatted rice bran by enzymatic hydrolysis, evaluate the hydrolysates for gastrointestinal (GI) resistance, fractionate the GI-resistant hydrolysates by ultrafiltration to obtain >50 and 10-50 kDa fractions, and determine antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in the fractions. For antihypertension activity, angiotension-1 converting enzyme (ACE) assay, and for antioxidant activity, the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was conducted. We report that the ACE-I inhibition activity values for the unfractionated and unhydrolyzed (control), and fractions of >50 kDa, and 10-50 kDa were 6% (control), 78%, and 55%, respectively, clearly denoting antihypertensive activity for the peptide fractions. When tested for antioxidant activity, the >50 kDa fraction decreased from an initial DPPH of 95.48 to 78.99 mg/g, while the 10-50 kDa fraction decreased from an initial 110.35 to 76.53 mg/g, depicting reduction of radical-induced oxidant stress. The results demonstrated that the high molecular sized peptide hydrolysate fractions (>50 and 10-50 kDa) from rice bran bear antihypertensive and antioxidant properties and could possibly find a place as a health beneficial nutraceutical ingredient in food applications.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Bunyavirus Vector for Cancer Immunotherapy (2015)

Replicon particles of Rift Valley fever virus, referred to as nonspreading Rift Valley fever virus (NSR), are intrinsically safe and highly immunogenic. Here, we demonstrate that NSR-infected human dendritic cells can activate CD8(+) T cells in vitro and that prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations of mice with NSR encoding a tumor-associated CD8 peptide can control the outgrowth of lymphoma cells in vivo. These results suggest that the NSR system holds promise for cancer immunotherapy.
Control of protein adsorption on functionalized electrospun fibers (2008)

Electrospun fibers that are protein resistant and functionalized with bioactive signals were produced by solution electrospinning amphiphilic block copolymers. Poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEG-b-PDLLA) was synthesized in two steps, with a PEG segment of 10 kDa, while the PDLLA block ranged from 20 to 60 kDa. Depending on the PEG and PDLLA segment ratio, as well as solvent selection, the hydrophilicity and protein adsorption could be altered on the electrospun mesh. Furthermore, an alpha-acetal PEG-b-PDLLA was synthesized that allowed the conjugation of active molecules, resulting in surface functionalization of the electrospun fiber. Electrospun material with varying morphologies and diameter were electrospun from 10, 20, and 30 wt.% solutions. Sessile drop measurements showed a reduction in the contact angle from 120 degrees for pure poly(D,L-lactide) with increasing PEG/PDLLA ratio. All electrospun block PEG-b-PDLLA fibers had hydrophilic properties, with contact angles below 45 degrees . The fibers were collected onto six-arm star-poly(ethylene glycol) (star-PEG) coated silicon wafers and incubated with fluorescently labeled proteins. All PEG-b-PDLLA fibers showed no detectable adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) independent of their composition while a dependence between hydrophobic block length was observed for streptavidin adsorption. Fibers of block copolymers with PDLLA blocks smaller than 39 kDa showed no adsorption of BSA or streptavidin, indicating good non-fouling properties. Fibers were surface functionalized with N(epsilon)-(+)-biotinyl-L-lysine (biocytin) or RGD peptide by attaching the molecule to the PEG block during synthesis. Protein adsorption measurements, and the controlled interaction of biocytin with fluorescently labeled streptavidin, showed that the electrospun fibers were both resistant to protein adsorption and are functionalized. Fibroblast adhesion was contrasting between the unfunctionalized and RGD-coupled electrospun fabrics, confirming that the surface of the fibers was functionalized. The PEG-b-PDLLA surface functionalized electrospun fibers are promising substrates for controlling cell-material interactions, particularly for tissue-engineering applications.
Multicarrier multiuser modulation performance in severely fading channels (2006)

In this paper, we investigate the performance of two popular multicarrier transmission schemes, OFDMA, and MC-DS-CDMA, on severely fading channels. Channel models are drawn from our experimental work measuring the wireless channel in the 5 GHz band, around airport surface areas. Results indicate that multicarrier schemes can outperform their single-carrier counterparts, particularly when configured to account for the channel characteristics
De-rendering the World’s Revolutionary Artefacts (2021)

Recent works have shown exciting results in unsupervised image de-rendering—learning to decompose 3D shape, appearance, and lighting from single-image collections without explicit supervision. However, many of these assume simplistic material and lighting models. We propose a method, termed RADAR, that can recover environment illumination and surface materials from real single-image collections, relying neither on explicit 3D supervision, nor on multi-view or multi-light images. Specifically, we focus on rotationally symmetric artefacts that exhibit challenging surface properties including specular reflections, such as vases. We introduce a novel self-supervised albedo discriminator, which allows the model to recover plausible albedo without requiring any ground-truth during training. In conjunction with a shape reconstruction module exploiting rotational symmetry, we present an end-to-end learning framework that is able to de-render the world’s revolutionary artefacts. We conduct experiments on a real vase dataset and demonstrate compelling decomposition results, allowing for applications including free-viewpoint rendering and relighting. More results and code at: https://sorderender.github.io/.
Erythropoietin Sustains Cognitive Function and Brain Volume after Neonatal Stroke (2009)

Neonatal stroke leads to mortality and severe morbidity, but there currently is no effective treatment. Erythropoietin (EPO) promotes cytoprotection and neurogenesis in the short term following brain injury; however, long-term cognitive outcomes and optimal dosing regimens have not been clarified. We performed middle cerebral artery occlusion in postnatal day 10 rats, which were treated with either a single dose of EPO (5 U/g, i.p.) immediately upon reperfusion, or 3 doses of EPO (1 U/g, i.p. each) at 0 h, 24 h, and 7 days after injury. At 3 months after injury, rats treated with 3 doses of EPO did not differ from shams in the Morris water maze, and generally performed better than either rats treated with a single dose or vehicle-treated injured rats. These multiple-dose-treated rats also had increases in hemispheric volume and its subregions. These results suggest that additional, later doses of EPO may be required for cell repair, proliferation, and long-term incorporation into neural networks after neonatal brain injury.
Relating multi-sequence longitudinal intensity profiles and clinical\n covariates in new multiple sclerosis lesions (2015)

Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to detect lesions in\nthe brains of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The formation of these lesions\nis a complex process involving inflammation, tissue damage, and tissue repair,\nall of which are visible on MRI. Here we characterize the lesion formation\nprocess on longitudinal, multi-sequence structural MRI from 34 MS patients and\nrelate the longitudinal changes we observe within lesions to therapeutic\ninterventions. In this article, we first outline a pipeline to extract voxel\nlevel, multi-sequence longitudinal profiles from four MRI sequences within\nlesion tissue. We then propose two models to relate clinical covariates to the\nlongitudinal profiles. The first model is a principal component analysis (PCA)\nregression model, which collapses the information from all four profiles into a\nscalar value. We find that the score on the first PC identifies areas of slow,\nlong-term intensity changes within the lesion at a voxel level, as validated by\ntwo experienced clinicians, a neuroradiologist and a neurologist. On a quality\nscale of 1 to 4 (4 being the highest) the neuroradiologist gave the score on\nthe first PC a median rating of 4 (95% CI: [4,4]), and the neurologist gave it\na median rating of 3 (95% CI: [3,3]). In the PCA regression model, we find that\ntreatment with disease modifying therapies (p-value &lt; 0.01), steroids (p-value\n&lt; 0.01), and being closer to the boundary of abnormal signal intensity (p-value\n&lt; 0.01) are associated with a return of a voxel to intensity values closer to\nthat of normal-appearing tissue. The second model is a function-on-scalar\nregression, which allows for assessment of the individual time points at which\nthe covariates are associated with the profiles. In the function-on-scalar\nregression both age and distance to the boundary were found to have a\nstatistically significant association with the profiles.\n
Derivatives of Tetrodecamycin. (1995)

The derivatives of tetrodecamycin (1), being introduced acyl, carbamoyl and alkyl groups at 14-hydroxyl group and modified at exo-methylene group, were synthesized and evaluated on their antibacterial activities. Although 14-O-substituted tetrodecamycins (3 approximately 19) showed weak activity against Pasteurella piscicida, they were more active against Gram-positive bacteria than 1. Among them, 15 showed approximately 10-fold higher activity than 1. The derivatives (20 approximately 23) modified at 4 or 5 positions had moderate antibacterial activity. The absolute structure of 4(R),5-dibromotetrodecamycin (23) was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Design of a Small-Scale Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor. Part II: Numerical Modeling and Validation (2020)

&lt;p&gt;The experimental data from the laboratory-scale supercritical water oxidation reactor was leveraged to validate the CFD approach allowing for efficient and accurate modeling of the process. The reactor operating on ethanol as a pilot fuel was modeled using CFD with global oxidation mechanism. Fluid properties were determined using polynomial fit approximations, which yielded excellent agreement with NIST data over a range of temperatures at an isobaric pressure of 25 MPa. The model predicts the fluid temperature within 30°C of measured values for different inlet fuel concentrations. The ethanol decomposition of ~99% occurs within 20% of the reactor length at T~600 °C. The analysis of Damkohler (&lt;i&gt;Da&lt;/i&gt;) and Reynolds (&lt;i&gt;Re&lt;/i&gt;) numbers shows that the reactor operates in a distributed reaction region, owing to the excellent combustion stability of the inverted gravity reactor configuration. The modeling approach can aid the design of future more complex SCWO reactors and process optimization. &lt;/p&gt;
Analysis of superplasticizers used in concrete (1998)

O rganic poly m e rs are large ly used in the processing of ceramic powders in order to improve rheological properties. The industry of hydraulic concrete (initially concretes are also pow d e rs ) currently uses admixtures called superplasticizers, which allow the production of high performance concrete. Although these admixtures are widely used, their mechanisms of action remain unclear. Measuring the adsorption of these polym e rs onto the surface of cement part i cles in aqueous suspensions is usually the first step in related studies. It is often based on a global analysis of the admixture in the aqueous phase, u s u a l ly by colorimetry or total organic carbon a n a ly s i s . This traditional appro a ch totally neglects effects linked to molecular mass distribution. In this paper, we show how HPLC is able to highlight the effect of molecular mass distribution on the adsorption of poly c a r b ox y l a t e -p o ly s u l p h onate poly m e rs . Measurements were perfo r m e d with two cements having the same ch e m i c a l composition and the same specific surfaces, but one was ground with and the other without a grinding aid. It is also shown how adsorption changes as a function of cement hydration.
Effects of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy on Voiding Function in a Rat Model of Parkinson Disease (2013)

Urodynamic effects of the 6-hydroxydopamine lesion persisted up to 42 days after vehicle injection. Transplantation of nonmicroencapsulated rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells improved urodynamic pressure by 42 days after treatment more markedly than microencapsulated cells. This was associated with more tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in the treated substantia nigra pars compacta of the nonmicroencapsulated group, suggesting that functional improvement requires a juxtacrine effect.
The immunomodulatory protein Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) defines a non-neuroendocrine subtype of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with low AR and low PSA expression. (2017)

5054 Background: Advanced stagemCRPC can manifest AR-signaling independent growth typified by loss of AR and/or PSA expression in the absence of neuroendocrine (NE) features on biopsy. We sought to identify therapeutically relevant biomarkers of this highly resistant prostate cancer subtype. Methods: An unbiased differential gene expression analysis of non-neuroendocrine mCRPC biopsies was carried out comparing patients with AR low to patients with AR high disease in a discovery cohort (SU2C/PCF, 18 pts: 8 AR low , 10 AR high ) and validation cohort (Fred Hutchinson, 76 pts: 12 AR low , 64 AR high ). The AR and NE status of the biopsies were defined by AR and PSA mRNA expression and gene signatures representative of AR activity and NE lineage. An RNA sequencing-based signature of immune cell subsets was calculated using the Cibersort algorithm. Results: Differential gene expression analysis identified the secreted Wnt antagonist, DKK1, as significantly upregulated in AR low cases compared to AR high cases (11.2 RPKM vs. 0.28 RPKM, p &lt; 0.03) in our discovery cohort and confirmed in our validation cohort (9.2 FPKM vs. 0.99 FPKM, p &lt; 0.001). DKK1 protein was also found to be increased in non-neuroendocrine AR low relative to AR high prostate cancer in vitro cell and organoid models (858 pg/mg total protein vs. 2 pg/mg total protein, p &lt; 0.05) and patient-derived xenografts (28.6 FPKM vs. 0.78 FPKM, p &lt; 0.0001). Consistent with the role of DKK1 as a negative modulator of anti-tumor immunity, patient biopsies with the highest quartile of DKK1 expression showed an RNA signature consistent with lower levels of active NK cells (0.2% vs. 1.8%, p &lt; 0.005), and lower levels of CD8+ T cells (3.7% vs. 9.7%, p&lt; 0.005) compared to those with the lowest quartile of DKK1 expression. Conclusions: DKK1 represents a secreted biomarker that is disproportionately enriched in non-neuroendocrine mCRPCs that lack AR expression. Because DKK1 has been implicated as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity and is a target of an existing neutralizing antibody, our results support the clinical evaluation of the role of DKK1 blockade in DKK1-positive AR-negative prostate cancer.
Multimedia Capture, Collaboration and Knowledge Management (2005)

This chapter presents methods and technologies from Siemens Corporate Research that can assist in the process of creating multimedia collaborative knowledge bases: capture, querying, visualization, archiving, and reusability of multimedia knowledge bases. A selection of Siemens products in the healthcare and communication domains are introduced, above which novel multimedia collaboration and knowledge management technologies have been developed by the authors. With examples, it is explained how in concert these technologies can contribute to streamlining the processes within healthcare enterprises, telemedicine environments and home healthcare practices.
Metabolomics Test Materials for Quality Control: A Study of a Urine Materials Suite (2019)

There is a lack of experimental reference materials and standards for metabolomics measurements, such as urine, plasma, and other human fluid samples. Reasons include difficulties with supply, distribution, and dissemination of information about the materials. Additionally, there is a long lead time because reference materials need their compositions to be fully characterized with uncertainty, a labor-intensive process for material containing thousands of relevant compounds. Furthermore, data analysis can be hampered by different methods using different software by different vendors. In this work, we propose an alternative implementation of reference materials. Instead of characterizing biological materials based on their composition, we propose using untargeted metabolomic data such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS and LC-MS) profiles. The profiles are then distributed with the material accompanying the certificate, so that researchers can compare their own metabolomic measurements with the reference profiles. To demonstrate this approach, we conducted an interlaboratory study (ILS) in which seven National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) urine Standard Reference Material<sup>®</sup>s (SRM<sup>®</sup>s) were distributed to participants, who then returned the metabolomic data to us. We then implemented chemometric methods to analyze the data together to estimate the uncertainties in the current measurement techniques. The participants identified similar patterns in the profiles that distinguished the seven samples. Even when the number of spectral features is substantially different between platforms, a collective analysis still shows significant overlap that allows reliable comparison between participants. Our results show that a urine suite such as that used in this ILS could be employed for testing and harmonization among different platforms. A limited quantity of test materials will be made available for researchers who are willing to repeat the protocols presented here and contribute their data.
Earth-Abundant Heterogeneous Water Oxidation Catalysts (2016)

Water oxidation is a key chemical transformation for the conversion of solar energy into chemical fuels. Our review focuses on recent work on robust earth-abundant heterogeneous catalysts for the oxygen-evolving reaction (OER). We point out that improvements in the performance of OER catalysts will depend critically on the success of work aimed at understanding reaction barriers based on atomic-level mechanisms. We highlight the challenge of obtaining acid-stable OER catalysts, with proposals for elements that could be employed to reach this goal. We suggest that future advances in solar fuels science will be accelerated by the development of new methods for materials synthesis and characterization, along with in-depth investigations of redox mechanisms at catalytic surfaces.
Polyphonic music transcription using note event modeling (2006)

This paper proposes a method for the automatic transcription of real-world music signals, including a variety of musical genres. The method transcribes notes played with pitched musical instruments. Percussive sounds, such as drums, may be present but they are not transcribed. Musical notations (i.e., MIDI files) are produced from acoustic stereo input files using probabilistic note event modeling. Note events are described with a hidden Markov model (HMM). The model uses three acoustic features extracted with a multiple fundamental frequency (FO) estimator to calculate the likelihoods of different notes and performs temporal segmentation of notes. The transitions between notes are controlled with a musicological model involving musical key estimation and bigram models. The final transcription is obtained by searching for several paths through the note models. Evaluation was carried out with a realistic music database. Using strict evaluation criteria, 39% of all the notes were found (recall) and 41% of the transcribed notes were correct (precision). Taken the complexity of the considered transcription task, the results are encouraging.
Organic Rankine Cycle with Direct Liquid Injection into a Twin-Screw Expander (2018)

The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a thermal engine, which is applied to convert low temperature heat to electrical power using organic working fluids. It is an established technique for waste heat recovery, as well as for the utilization of biomass, geothermal energy and solar energy. This study presents a novel operational strategy of an ORC, which allows for reliable control of process parameter while simultaneously ensuring a high cycle efficiency. This strategy is analyzed experimentally and compared with a system simulation. With this method, preheated liquid working fluid is injected to partially expanded vapor inside a volumetric screw expander. The injected mass flow bypasses the evaporator and can be controlled by a valve. Thus, the direct liquid injection into the expander reduces the exhaust temperature, reducing the risk of thermal damages in case of a hermetic or semi-hermetic expander. The experimental and simulation results show, that the exhaust vapor temperature can be reduced by approx. 40 K for the investigated operation conditions. This enables the expander to run at higher live steam conditions by simultaneously ensuring sufficient cooling of the generator and thus allows for higher power production. Alternatively, lower exhaust temperatures lead to the advantage of less required desuperheating in the condenser and thus to higher overall heat transfer coefficients in the condenser, allowing for smaller heat transfer areas.
Agelasines J, K, and L from the Solomon Islands Marine Sponge Agelas cf. mauritiana (2008)

Three new diterpene alkaloids, agelasine J (3), agelasine K (4), and agelasine L (5), were isolated from the marine sponge Agelas cf. mauritiana collected in the Solomon Islands. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by physical data analyses. They displayed in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
Selection and Characterization of a Glucokinase-Deficient Mutant of Tetrahymena thermophila (1982)

We have isolated a mutant of Tetrahymena thermophila that is resistant to inhibition of growth by the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose. The mutant exhibits a deficiency in a cytoplasmic glucokinase. This enzymatic defect and the attendant inability to convert 2-deoxyglucose to toxic phosphorylated derivatives is apparently the sole basis for the mutant phenotype since transport of glucose and 2-deoxyglucose is unimpaired; there is no elevation of glucose-6-phosphatase activity, which could decrease the level of toxic 2-deoxyglucose metabolites. Genetic analyses have shown that the mutant allele is recessive and inherited as a single Mendelian mutation. The glucokinase-deficient strain described here is useful for the selection of other mutants in this organism and for the investigation of various cellular processes initiated or modulated by glucose and its analogs. We have exploited the molecular defect in this strain to investigate the initial steps in the cyclic AMP-mediated repression of galactokinase gene expression which is caused by glucose.
Pt nanoclusters prepared by magnetron sputtering and cluster beam deposition for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (2013)

comm. orale