gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and Balance Correlates of Exposure and Brain Health in Professional Fighters (P3.314) (2016)

Objective: To assess the relationship of scores on an app combining cognitive and balance measures with exposure to professional fighting, concurrently administered validated cognitive tests and brain structure volume. Background: Contact sports involving repeated head trauma are associated with brain changes and cognitive deficits. Accurate assessment of cognition and balance is important to assess risk for permanent damage. Here we report on use of the C3 app, which combines cognitive and balance assessments in a relatively brief battery, in professional fighters. Methods: Participants were 158 professional boxers and mixed martial arts fighters, 18 of whom were retired. As part of the Professional Fighters’ Brain Health Study all had an MRI, cognitive testing with the CNS vital signs, demographic and exposure (e.g, number of professional fights, years of fighting) questionnaires, and the C3 app conducted via iPAD. This experimental measure combines well established cognitive evaluations (e.g. and adaptation of the trail making test) with adaptations of established balance examinations (e.g., BESS). We assessed relationships using correlational analyses. Age was partialled out where appropriate. Results: C3 cognitive measures, and components of the balance measure, were strongly correlated with measures of exposure, as well as the volume of brain regions previously shown to be smaller in fighters with the most exposure, including the thalamus, putamen and corpus callosum. These measures were also strongly correlated with similar measures conducted on an established computerized cognitive evaluation, the CNS vital signs. Conclusion: These results imply that, following appropriate validation techniques, the C3 may be an appropriate measure to assess cognition and balance in professional fighters. The results are also consistent with earlier work by this group demonstrating relationships between exposure, cognition, and volume of the basal ganglia structures, thalamus and corpus callosum.
Development of Glypican-3 Targeting Immunotoxins for the Treatment of Liver Cancer: An Update (2020)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for most liver cancers and represents one of the deadliest cancers in the world. Despite the global demand for liver cancer treatments, there remain few options available. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved Lumoxiti, a CD22-targeting immunotoxin, as a treatment for patients with hairy cell leukemia. This approval helps to demonstrate the potential role that immunotoxins can play in the cancer therapeutics pipeline. However, concerns have been raised about the use of immunotoxins, including their high immunogenicity and short half-life, in particular for treating solid tumors such as liver cancer. This review provides an overview of recent efforts to develop a glypican-3 (GPC3) targeting immunotoxin for treating HCC, including strategies to deimmunize immunotoxins by removing B- or T-cell epitopes on the bacterial toxin and to improve the serum half-life of immunotoxins by incorporating an albumin binding domain.
Markov chain existence and Hidden Markov models in spectrum sensing (2009)

The primary function of a cognitive radio is to detect idle frequencies or sub-bands, not used by the primary users (PUs), and allocate these frequencies to secondary users. The state of the sub-band at any time point is either free (unoccupied by a PU) or busy (occupied by a PU). The states of a sub-band are monitored over L consecutive time periods, where each period is of a given time interval. Existing research assume the presence of a Markov chain for sub-band utilization by PUs over time, but this assumption has not been validated. Therefore, in this paper we validate existence of a Markov chain for sub-band utilization using real-time measurements collected in the paging band (928-948 MHz). Furthermore, since the detection of idle sub-bands by a cognitive radio is prone to errors, we probabilistically model the errors and then formulate a spectrum sensing paradigm as a hidden Markov model that predicts the true states of a sub-band. The accuracy of our proposed method in predicting the true states of the sub-band is substantiated using extensive simulations.
High-spatial-resolution and high-sensitivity interferometric optical-time-domain reflectometer (1991)

An interferometric optical-time-domain reflectometer is presented. The system is a low- coherence interferometer using a superluminescent diode and has a spatial resolution of 20 micrometers . A high-sensitivity system is described which performs balanced and narrow band detections and has a detectable limit of -130 dB, which is 10 dB lower than the Rayleigh scattered light power in optical fibers. A polarization-independent system is proposed which adopts polarization-diversity detection to suppress the influence of the polarization fluctuation of the scattered light. A CO<sub>2</sub> laser probing method is applied using the thermo- optic effect to identify scattering centers in optical circuits. Measurement of fault locations, reflectivity, and characterization of optical components with the systems are also described.
Involvement of S-Nitrosylation of Actin in Inhibition of Neurotransmitter Release by Nitric Oxide (2009)

The present study demonstrates that actin is a major S-nitrosylated protein in the spinal cord and suggests that NO directly regulates neurotransmitter release by S-nitrosylation in addition to the well-known phosphorylation by cGMP-dependent protein kinase.
Application of image flow cytometry for the characterization of red blood cell morphology (2017)

Red blood cells (RBCs) stored in hypothermic environments for the purpose of transfusion have been documented to undergo structural and functional changes over time. One sign of the so-called RBC storage lesion is irreversible damage to the cell membrane. Consequently, RBCs undergo a morphological transformation from regular, deformable biconcave discocytes to rigid spheroechinocytes. The spherically shaped RBCs lack the deformability to efficiently enter microvasculature, thereby reducing the capacity of RBCs to oxygenate tissue. Blood banks currently rely on microscope techniques that include fixing, staining and cell counting in order to morphologically characterize RBC samples; these methods are labor intensive and highly subjective. This study presents a novel, high-throughput RBC morphology characterization technique using image flow cytometry (IFC). An image segmentation template was developed to process 100,000 images acquired from the IFC system and output the relative spheroechinocyte percentage. The technique was applied on samples extracted from two blood bags to monitor the morphological changes of the RBCs during in vitro hypothermic storage. The study found that, for a given sample of RBCs, the IFC method was twice as fast in data acquisition, and analyzed 250-350 times more RBCs than the conventional method. Over the lifespan of the blood bags, the mean spheroechinocyte population increased by 37%. Future work will focus on expanding the template to segregate RBC images into more subpopulations for the validation of the IFC method against conventional techniques; the expanded template will aid in establishing quantitative links between spheroechinocyte increase and other RBC storage lesion characteristics.
In Situ Calorimetric Study of the Hexagonal-to-Lamellar Phase Transformation in a Nanostructured Silica/Surfactant Composite (2003)

Restructuring of hexagonal silica/surfactant composites under hydrothermal conditions was studied using in situ scanning microcalorimetry to understand the energetic changes associated with these rearrangements. Thermal processes can be associated with either changes in packing of the organic template or with chemistry of the cross-linked inorganic framework. To sort these out, calorimetric data were collected as composites were heated in water, where a hexagonal-to-lamellar phase transformation occurs, and as composites were heated in an acidic boric acid buffer, where no phase change is observed. The scanning calorimetric data were correlated with in situ low angle XRD to explore the relationship between rearrangements of the nanoscale architecture and the various energetic processes occurring in these materials. 29Si NMR, which tracks changes in framework bonding, TGA and 1H NMR, which measure surfactant loss from the composite, and 13C NMR, which tells us about surfactant rearrangement and degradation, were also correlated with the calorimetric data. Both samples showed an endotherm at 70−71 °C that was assigned to an order−disorder transformation of the organic surfactant of the composite. In this same moderate temperature range, broad exotherms observed in both samples were associated with condensation of the silica framework. Two endotherms were observed in calorimetric scans of the water-treated composites that were not present in data collected on composites treated in boric acid. These endotherms were thus associated with the hexagonal-to-lamellar phase transformation, which has an enthalpy change of +0.5 ± 0.1 kJ/(mol SiO2) or +2.4 ± 0.3 kJ/(mol surfactant) and entropy changes of +1 J K-1 (mol SiO2)-1 or +6 J K-1 (mol surfactant)-1. The results quantify differences in thermodynamic stability in silica/surfactant composites and identify the physical, molecular, and nanoscale changes that influence stability in these materials.
A New Asymmetric Planar V-Shaped Magnet Arrangement for A Linear PM Synchronous Motor (2019)

In this paper, a new asymmetric planar V-shaped magnet arrangement for a linear PM synchronous motor is proposed. Several magnet arrangements for the track of the proposed linear permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor such as un-skewed magnets, conventional magnet skew, and V-shaped planar magnets have been investigated. The performance results of the linear motor with skewed magnets are compared to those of previously designed PM linear synchronous motor with conventional un-skewed rectangular-shaped (CuSRS) magnets. The forcer is kept the same for all track structures and a thorough comparison is provided for low detent force and low force ripple with the CuSRS and proposed planar V-shaped magnet skew approaches.
New 3-Aryl-2-(2-thienyl)acrylonitriles with High Activity Against Hepatoma Cells (2021)

New 2-(thien-2-yl)-acrylonitriles with putative kinase inhibitory activity were prepared and tested for their antineoplastic efficacy in hepatoma models. Four out of the 14 derivatives were shown to inhibit hepatoma cell proliferation at (sub-)micromolar concentrations with IC<sub>50</sub> values below that of the clinically relevant multikinase inhibitor sorafenib, which served as a reference. Colony formation assays as well as primary in vivo examinations of hepatoma tumors grown on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chicken eggs (CAM assay) confirmed the excellent antineoplastic efficacy of the new derivatives. Their mode of action included an induction of apoptotic capsase-3 activity, while no contribution of unspecific cytotoxic effects was observed in LDH-release measurements. Kinase profiling of cancer relevant protein kinases identified the two 3-aryl-2-(thien-2-yl)acrylonitrile derivatives <b>1b</b> and <b>1c</b> as (multi-)kinase inhibitors with a preferential activity against the VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase. Additional bioinformatic analysis of the VEGFR-2 binding modes by docking and molecular dynamics calculations supported the experimental findings and indicated that the hydroxy group of <b>1c</b> might be crucial for its distinct inhibitory potency against VEGFR-2. Forthcoming studies will further unveil the underlying mode of action of the promising new derivatives as well as their suitability as an urgently needed novel approach in HCC treatment.
Next-Generation TCAP Hydrogen Isotope Separation Process (2008)

A thermal cycling absorption process (TCAP) for hydrogen isotope separation has been in operation at Savannah River Site since 1994. The process uses a hot/cold nitrogen system to cycle the temperature of the separation column. The hot/cold nitrogen system requires the use of large compressors, heat exchanges, valves and piping that is bulky and maintenance intensive. A new compact thermal cycling (CTC) design has recently been developed. This new design uses liquid nitrogen tubes and electric heaters to heat and cool the column directly so that the bulky hot/cold nitrogen system can be eliminated. This CTC design is simple and is easy to implement, and will be the next generation TCAP system at SRS. A twelve-meter column has been fabricated and installed in the laboratory to demonstrate its performance. The design of the system and its test results to date is discussed.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polarizes Murine Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells to Generate Langerhans Cell-Like Dendritic Cells Through a Monocyte/Macrophage Differentiation Pathway (1999)

We have recently demonstrated that CD11b−/dullCD11c+ and CD11b+hiCD11c+ dendritic cell (DC) precursor subsets represent two distinct DC differentiation pathways from murine bone marrow lineage-phenotype negative (Lin−)c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) stimulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) + stem cell factor (SCF) + tumor necrosis factor  (TNF). We show here that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) significantly inhibits the generation of these CD11b−/dullCD11c+ and CD11b+hiCD11c+ DC precursors. Phenotypically, this inhibitory effect was accompanied by markedly suppressed expression of Ia and CD86 antigens as well as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II transactivator (CIITA) and CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) mRNAs in Lin−c-kit+ HPC cultures stimulated with GM-CSF + SCF + TNF at day 6. TGF-β1 could also suppress mature DC differentiation from CD11b+hiCD11c+ DC precursors, but not the differentiation from CD11b−/dullCD11c+ DC precursors. In the absence of TNF, TGF-β1 markedly suppressed the expression of CIITA and CCR7 mRNAs in GM-CSF + SCF-stimulated Lin−c-kit+ HPCs at either day 6 or day 12 and induced the differentiation solely into monocytes/macrophages as evident in morphology, active phagocytic, and endocytic activities. These cells expressed high levels of F4/80 and E-cadherin antigens, but low or undetectable levels of Ia, CD86, and CD40 molecules. However, upon the stimulation with TNF + GM-CSF, these cells could further differentiate into mature DCs expressing high levels of Ia and E-cadherin, characteristics for Langerhans cells (LCs), and gained the capacity of enhancing allogenic MLR. Taken together, all of these findings suggest that TGF-β1 polarizes murine HPCs to generate LC-like DCs through a monocyte/macrophage differentiation pathway.
How competitive are you: Analysis of people's attractiveness in an online dating system (2017)

An increasing number of people are using dating websites to search for their life partners. This leads to the curiosity of how attractive a specific person is to the opposite gender on an average level. We propose a novel algorithm to evaluate people's objective attractiveness based on their interactions with other users on the dating websites and implement machine learning algorithms to predict their objective attractiveness ratings from their profiles. We validate our method on a large dataset gained from a Japanese dating website and yield convincing results. Our prediction based on users' profiles, which includes image and text contents, is over 80% correlated with the real values of the calculated objective attractiveness for the female and over 50% correlated with the real values of the calculated objective attractiveness for the male.
The role of thermal relaxations and semicrystalline microstructure in charging currents of XLPE (2022)

Today’s extruded high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) cable insulation is based on either crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) or thermoplastic. Although XLPE has a simple chemical structure, its complex semicrystalline microstructure could result in different DC conductivity behavior during thermal cycling. Monitoring the charge mobility as related to microstructure with direct observations could be complex and difficult. However, there are some indirect and facile methods to assess the microstructure, and therefore the correlation between the microstructure and charge transport properties could be easily investigated. This methodology not only provides more insight into the source of different trends for the DC conductivity as a function of time and temperature but also helps with better sample preparation/design and material selection.
COP I and II dependent trafficking controls ER-associated degradation in mammalian cells (2023)

Misfolded proteins and components of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control and ER associated degradation (ERAD) machineries concentrate in mammalian cells in the pericentriolar ER-derived quality control compartment (ERQC), suggesting it as a staging ground for ERAD. By tracking the chaperone calreticulin and an ERAD substrate, we have now determined that the trafficking to the ERQC is reversible and recycling back to the ER is slower than the movement in the ER periphery. The dynamics suggest vesicular trafficking rather than diffusion. Indeed, using dominant negative mutants of ARF1 and Sar1 or the drugs Brefeldin A and H89, we observed that COPI inhibition causes accumulation in the ERQC and increases ERAD, whereas COPII inhibition has the opposite effect. Our results suggest that targeting of misfolded proteins to ERAD involves COPII-dependent transport to the ERQC and that they can be retrieved to the peripheral ER in a COPI-dependent manner.
Design of remnant magnetization FeCoV films as compact, heatless neutron spin rotators (2012)

We introduce a design of a neutron spin rotator for applications with space and temperature constraints. These passive devices employ remnant magnetization FeCoV thin films and can be tuned experimentally to achieve arbitrary rotation of an incident neutron with a known spin state. Polarized neutron reflectometry measurements are reported for FeCoV monolayer films at thicknesses of 0.5 μm and 5.3 μm to characterize the depth-dependent vector magnetization in the films. Results for a prototype set of film rotators are presented, and the stray field near such films is characterized.
Abstract 15294: 24-hour Levosimendan Infusion Decreases Biventricular Filling Pressures and Increases Cardiac Output at Rest and Exercise in PH-HFpEF (2020)

Background: There are no specific treatments for patients with HFpEF and pulmonary hypertension (PH-HFpEF). Increased central and pulmonary venous pressures (CVP, PCWP) are believed to contribute importantly to symptoms at rest and during exercise. Levosimendan (LEVO), a calcium sensitizer/KATP channel activator, is known to reduce CVP and PCWP in patients with reduced LVEF. We hypothesized that LEVO would have similar effects in PH-HFpEF. Methods: 44 PH-HFpEF patients with mean pulmonary artery (mPAP) ≥35 mmHg, PCWP ≥20 mmHg, LVEF ≥40% and NYHA II or III symptoms underwent hemodynamic measurements at rest, during passive leg raise (PLR) and during supine bicycle exercise for 3 minutes at 25 Watts (EX) at baseline and following a continuous 24-hour infusion of LEVO (0.1 μg/kg/min) as part of a multicenter clinical trial. Measurements included CVP, mPAP, PCWP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac index (CI); pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances (PVR, SVR) were calculated. Hemodynamic tracings were analyzed in a core lab blinded to condition and timepoint. The primary endpoint was the change of PCWP at 25 Watts. Results: Patients averaged 69±9.1 years old, 61.4% were female and had a mPAP of 41.0±9.3 mmHg at rest. LEVO decreased mPAP at rest, CVP and PCWP at rest and EX, and increased CI with EX; there were no significant changes in mPAP, PVR or SVR. Resting and EX hemodynamic data are summarized in the Table. 37 of the 44 patients (84%) were considered hemodynamic “responders” based on a pre-specified ≥4 mmHg decrease of EX PCWP. Conclusions: In patients with PH-HFpEF, a 24 hour levosimendan infusion at 0.1 μg/kg/min decreased CVP and PCWP and increased CI at rest and EX, despite no significant effect on SVR or PVR. A majority of patients exhibited acute hemodynamic response. While the underlying mechanism(s) remain to be clarified, LEVO’s effects on CVP and PCWP warrant further study of this drug as a treatment for PH-HFpEF.
Effect of Ti∕Cu Source∕Drain on an Amorphous IGZO TFT Employing SiNx Passivation for Low Data-Line Resistance (2012)

We successfully fabricated a-IGZO TFTs with a Ti/Cu source/drain (S/D) in order to reduce the data-line resistance. SiNx passivation was used to protect the Cu from Cu-oxygen diffusion. The TFTs exhibited normal enhancement-mode characteristics compared to the TFT employing a Mo S/D, which behaved like a conductor. Our experiments suggest that the Ti/Cu S/Ds control the channel resistivity of the fabricated TFT lower than the Mo case. We found an indium-deficient IGZO layer under the Ti contact; this is thought to be the origin which reduces oxygen vacancy concentration in the channel.
Granulocytopenia associated with neuroleptic therapy in a patient with benign familial leukopenia (2003)

Benign familial leukopenia (BFL) has been reported in several ethnic groups, including Ethiopians of Jewish origin. To date, there are no reported cases of patients with BFL developing granulocytopenia following administration of neuroleptics. We report a case of a young Ethiopian Jew suffering from schizophrenia, who exhibited premorbid benign reduced white blood cells (WBC) count and developed leukopenia and neutropenia following exposure to typical (zuclopentixol, perphenazine, haloperidol) antipsychotics and the atypical antipsychotic risperidone. The diagnosis of BFL was established and tissue typing of the patient was determined. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leukopenia with neutropenia in an ethnically susceptible (due to BFL) schizophrenia patient following exposure to typical and atypical antipsychotics. HLA typing of this patient was distinct from that reported in patients susceptible to clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Further extensive investigations including HLA typing in a larger cohort of schizophrenic patients is needed in order to define the association between HLA haplotypes and neuroleptic-induced hematological reactions and to identify the potentially vulnerable individuals.
Same Queries, Different Data: Can We Predict Runtime Performance? (2012)

We consider MapReduce workloads that are produced by analytics applications. In contrast to ad hoc query workloads, analytics applications are comprised of fixed data flows that are run over newly arriving data sets or on different portions of an existing data set. Examples of such workloads include document analysis/indexing, social media analytics, and ETL (Extract Transform Load). Motivated by these workloads, we propose a technique that predicts the runtime performance for a fixed set of queries running over varying input data sets. Our prediction technique splits each query into several segments where each segment's performance is estimated using machine learning models. These per-segment estimates are plugged into a global analytical model to predict the overall query runtime. Our approach uses minimal statistics about the input data sets (e.g., tuple size, cardinality), which are complemented with historical information about prior query executions (e.g., execution time). We analyze the accuracy of predictions for several segment granularities on both standard analytical benchmarks such as TPC-DS [17], and on several real workloads. We obtain less than 25% prediction errors for 90% of predictions.