gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1111 CARDIOMYOCYTE REGENERATION IN MAMMALIAN MYOCARDIUM (2012)

Background: Unlike some vertebrates like zebrafish and newts, adult mammals have grossly inadequate cardiac regeneration potential. This has led many investigators to pursue strategies for cardiac regeneration, with a broad variety of approaches. Understanding the fundamentals of cardiomyocyte birth and refreshment in mammalian myocardium is important for developing regeneration strategies. Design and Methods: In this lecture, I will describe current approaches to understanding myocardial stem cell and regeneration activity, including genetic lineage mapping in mice and using nuclear fallout measurements in humans. I will describe a new approach to identifying the origin of cells that combines genetic lineage mapping and high resolution mass spectrometry. This approach can be used to birth date individual cells in humans, and has potential to yield definitive information on cellular replacement and regeneration in human tissues. Results and Conclusions: Our results indicate that single snapshots of stem cell activity may be misleading compared with long term studies of cell labelling, which integrate cellular turnover over long periods of time. New approaches to measuring cell regeneration may allow us to study the effectiveness of regeneration strategies in humans.
Molecular clutch drives cell response to surface viscosity (2018)

Cell response to matrix rigidity has been explained by the mechanical properties of the actin-talin-integrin-fibronectin clutch. Here the molecular clutch model is extended to account for cell interactions with purely viscous surfaces (i.e., without an elastic component). Supported lipid bilayers present an idealized and controllable system through which to study this concept. Using lipids of different diffusion coefficients, the mobility (i.e., surface viscosity) of the presented ligands (in this case RGD) was altered by an order of magnitude. Cell size and cytoskeletal organization were proportional to viscosity. Furthermore, there was a higher number of focal adhesions and a higher phosphorylation of FAK on less-mobile (more-viscous) surfaces. Actin retrograde flow, an indicator of the force exerted on surfaces, was also seen to be faster on more mobile surfaces. This has consequential effects on downstream molecules; the mechanosensitive YAP protein localized to the nucleus more on less-mobile (more-viscous) surfaces and differentiation of myoblast cells was enhanced on higher viscosity. This behavior was explained within the framework of the molecular clutch model, with lower viscosity leading to a low force loading rate, preventing the exposure of mechanosensitive proteins, and with a higher viscosity causing a higher force loading rate exposing these sites, activating downstream pathways. Consequently, the understanding of how viscosity (regardless of matrix stiffness) influences cell response adds a further tool to engineer materials that control cell behavior.
Passivity-Based Control of Buck Converters with Constant-Power Loads (2007)

This paper studies the control of buck converters subjected to constant-power loads using a passivity-based technique. This technique allows for global analysis and avoids the limitations present in small-signal-based techniques. Passivity-based control in this application leads to a systematic derivation of a linear proportional-differential controller. It is also proved that the equilibrium point is only locally stable due to the infeasibility of duty ratio values larger than unity. The paper presents a method to obtain the region of attraction and shows that this region is not affected by controller gains. Experimental work is included to verify the analysis.
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Clinical Practice Guideline on (2012)

Jacobs, Joshua J. MD; Mont, Michael A. MD; Bozic, Kevin John MD, MBA; Della Valle, Craig J. MD; Goodman, Stuart Barry MD; Lewis, Courtland G. MD; Yates, Adolph “Chick” J. Jr. MD; Boggio, Lisa N. MD, MS; Watters, William C. III MD; Turkelson, Charles M. PhD; Wies, Janet L. MPH; Sluka, Patrick MPH; Hitchcock, Kristin MIS
A Proposal for Wireless Control of Submodules in Modular Multilevel Converters (2018)

The modular multilevel converter is one of the most preferred converters for high-power conversion applications. Wireless control of the submodules can contribute to its evolution by lowering the material and labor costs of cabling and by increasing the availability of the converter. However, wireless control leads to many challenges for the control and modulation of the converter as well as for proper low-latency high-reliability communication. This paper investigates the tolerable asynchronism between phase-shifted carriers used in modulation from a wireless control point of view and proposes a control method along with communication protocol for wireless control. The functionality of the proposed method is validated by computer simulations in steady state.
Effects of Titania Surface Orientation on the Heterogeneous Formation of Barium Titanate by Hydrothermal Synthesis (2010)

We investigated the mechanism of hydrothermal synthesis of BaTiO 3 in the system of Ba(OH) 2 and TiO 2 in the early growth stage, based on model experiments using various single-crystal rutile TiO 2 substrates with (001), (110), (100), and (101) orientations as starting reactants and a practical case study of widely utilized anatase TiO 2 powder. The BaTiO 3 products represented heterogeneous island growth directly on rutile TiO 2 substrates and morphological features depending on the surface orientations of the substrates. Well-defined orientation relationships between BaTiO 3 and the TiO 2 substrate depended on the surface crystal planes of rutile TiO 2 and were classified into four independent crystallographic types, including the unique topotaxial relationship already reported in barium diffusion-induced solid-state reactions. The hydrothermally treated anatase powder exhibited a dumbbell-like precipitation of BaTiO 3 on the anatase TiO 2 particles, preserving a crystallographic relationship of (001)[100] BaTiO 3 ∥ (001)[100] anatase. The experimental findings revealed the heterogeneous dissolution–precipitation mechanism via surface orientation-dependent epitaxial growth of BaTiO 3 directly on rutile and anatase TiO 2 in the initial stage of hydrothermal reactions, suggesting the importance of controlling surface morphology and crystallinity of TiO 2 as hydrothermal synthesis sources.
3D microphotonic probe for high resolution deep tissue imaging (2019)

Ultra-compact miniaturized optical components for microendoscopic tools and miniaturized microscopes are required for minimally invasive imaging. Current microendoscopic technologies used for deep tissue imaging procedures are limited to a large diameter and/or low resolution due to manufacturing restrictions. We demonstrate a platform for miniaturization of an optical imaging system for microendoscopic applications with a resolution of 1 µm. We designed our probe using cascaded micro-lenses and waveguides (lensguide) to achieve a probe as small as 100 µm x 100 µm with a field of view of 60 µm in diameter. We demonstrate wide-field microscopy based on our polymeric probe fabricated using photolithography and a two-photon polymerization process.
MAC Layer Beamforming: Rate Loss due to Beam Cusping (2021)

In this paper, we investigate the mean communication rate loss (MCRL) due to beam cusping with respect to multiple input multiple output (MIMO) spatial dimensions, beamforming codebook sizes, and beam scan spaces for beamforming operations controlled by the medium access control (MAC) layer beamforming protocol. The intractability of the analytical investigation for a closed-form expression leads to the usage of Monte Carlo numerical experiments. For discrete Fourier transform (DFT) beamforming codebooks, the MCRL increases with an increase in the MIMO dimensions while it decreases with an increase in the beam scan space from the array broadside. The MCRL becomes negligible as the number of beams for selection is increased to four times the number of DFT beams. These results will be helpful for determination of MIMO configuration, angular coverage zone, codebook size, and phase-shifter resolution for a minimal MCRL. This is especially relevant for sparse MIMO channels of millimetre-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) wireless systems in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond mobile networks.
An evaluation method of the profile of plasma-induced defects based on capacitance–voltage measurement (2017)

Aggressive shrinkage and geometrical transition to three-dimensional structures in metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) lead to potentially serious problems regarding plasma processing such as plasma-induced physical damage (PPD). For the precise control of material processing and future device designs, it is extremely important to clarify the depth and energy profiles of PPD. Conventional methods to estimate the PPD profile (e.g., wet etching) are time-consuming. In this study, we propose an advanced method using a simple capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurement. The method first assumes the depth and energy profiles of defects in Si substrates, and then optimizes the C–V curves. We applied this methodology to evaluate the defect generation in (100), (111), and (110) Si substrates. No orientation dependence was found regarding the surface-oxide layers, whereas a large number of defects was assigned in the case of (110). The damaged layer thickness and areal density were estimated. This method provides the highly sensitive PPD prediction indispensable for designing future low-damage plasma processes.
Mechanistic Insights of IscU Conformation Regulation for Fe–S Cluster Biogenesis Revealed by Variable-Temperature Electrospray Ionization Native Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry (2022)

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are necessary for essential cellular processes such as oxidative respiration. In the householding ISC Fe-S biosynthetic pathway, the cysteine desulfurase enzyme IscS provides sulfur to the scaffold protein IscU, in which Fe–S clusters are assembled. Previous structural studies by crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy suggest that metamorphic IscU exists in at least a structured form and a disordered form, and switch conformation upon metal or IscS binding. Yet, there is debate on which form binds IscS and participates in Fe-S assembly. Also, previous NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopy results reveal the cold-denaturation of IscU and the effects of metal binding on cold-denaturation. The recent development of variable-temperature electrospray ionization (vT-ESI) native ion mobility mass spectrometry (nIM-MS) enables unprecedented informative studies that contain binding, structure, and temperature dependence in a single experiment. Here, vT-ESI nIM-MS is implemented to thoroughly investigate structure regulations of IscU and relations to Fe-S assembly. The results show clear cold/heat-denaturation of IscU as IscU shifts towards high charge states that have more extended conformation under extreme temperatures. Comparison of Zn-IscU and apo-IscU reveals that (i) Zn(II) binding attenuates the cold/heat-denaturation of IscU and promotes the refolding of IscU; (ii) Zn(II) binding prevents IscU shifting towards disordered high charge states, and only structured and intermediate forms bind Zn(II); and (iii) Zn(II) binding attenuates collisional induced unfolding (CIU) of the intermediate form. In the solution containing IscS, the temperature-dependent and chelator-dependent Zn(II) loss of IscU facilitates CIU of the intermediate form of IscU. Overall, these results suggest Zn(II) stabilizes and restricts the structural flexibility of IscU towards structure and intermediate forms. IscS binding loosens the intermediate form IscU active site local conformation to release Zn(II) for cluster assembly.
Ultrasonically produced hyperthermia in ophthalmology (1984)

A series of related experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted on lesions produced in various structures of the eye by ultrasonically induced hyperthermia. Results obtained in animal eyes have been used to plan clinical treatments of various diseases. Clinical treatments of medically nonresponsive glaucoma are now in progress, and an 81% success rate has been achieved. This paper will review a theoretical model of ultrasonically induced hyperthermia. The model has been applied to the study of lesions produced in thin ocular layers by focused beams exhibiting various frequencies and beamwidths. Empirical corrections for blood flow cooling have been incorporated using data reported for related laser experiments. The model has successfully predicted the threshold values and sizes of experimental chorioretinal and scleral lesions that are useful in treating ocular disorders. In addition, the paper will describe ultrasound and thermal parameters that have been used successfully in treating human tumor transplants in nude athymic mice. [Work supported by NIH.]
Benzoxazine Derivatives As CRAC Modulators (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTBenzoxazine Derivatives As CRAC ModulatorsBenjamin Blass*View Author Information Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*Tel: 215-707-1085. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 11, 1020–1021Publication Date (Web):October 10, 2013Publication History Received19 September 2013Published online10 October 2013Published inissue 14 November 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ml400375uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ml400375ueditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views795Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (235 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Assays,Calcium,Group 17 compounds,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Cover Feature: Exploring the Selective Demethylation of Aryl Methyl Ethers with a Pseudomonas Rieske Monooxygenase (ChemBioChem 1/2019) (2018)

The cover feature picture shows a multienzymatic cascade for the dealkylation of aryl-methyl ethers to hydroxylated aromatics. We determined that the two-component O-demethylation system VanA–VanB converts small aromatic acids with high selectivity for methoxy groups at the meta position of the aromatic ring. This preference is of particular interest for the valorization of lignin degradation products. We designed a one-pot cascade reaction coupling VanA–VanB to formaldehyde and formate dehydrogenases (FADH and FDH). The combination resulted in high hydroxy product yields with an efficient NADH cofactor recycling system through complete by-product oxidation to CO2. More information can be found in the full paper by E. Lanfranchi et al. on page 118 in Issue 1, 2019 (DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800594).
Modification of an effector strain for replacement therapy of dental caries to enable clinical safety trials (2007)

Based on the safety and efficacy profiles established in vitro and in animal models, A2JM appears suitable for safe use in human clinical trials.
Serine-Threonine Kinase TAO3-Mediated Trafficking of Endosomes Containing the Invadopodia Scaffold TKS5α Promotes Cancer Invasion and Tumor Growth (2021)

Invadopodia are actin-based proteolytic membrane protrusions required for invasive behavior and tumor growth. In this study, we used our high-content screening assay to identify kinases whose activity affects invadopodia formation. Among the top hits selected for further analysis was TAO3, an STE20-like kinase of the GCK subfamily. TAO3 was overexpressed in many human cancers and regulated invadopodia formation in melanoma, breast, and bladder cancers. Furthermore, TAO3 catalytic activity facilitated melanoma growth in three-dimensional matrices and <i>in vivo</i>. A novel, potent catalytic inhibitor of TAO3 was developed that inhibited invadopodia formation and function as well as tumor cell extravasation and growth. Treatment with this inhibitor demonstrated that TAO3 activity is required for endosomal trafficking of TKS5α, an obligate invadopodia scaffold protein. A phosphoproteomics screen for TAO3 substrates revealed the dynein subunit protein LIC2 as a relevant substrate. Knockdown of LIC2 or expression of a phosphomimetic form promoted invadopodia formation. Thus, TAO3 is a new therapeutic target with a distinct mechanism of action. SIGNIFICANCE: An unbiased screening approach identifies TAO3 as a regulator of invadopodia formation and function, supporting clinical development of this class of target.
Diversity of Root-knot Nematodes Associated with Tubers of Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Established Using Isozyme Analysis and Mitochondrial DNA-based Identification (2017)

The root-knot nematodes (RKN), <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp., represent an important threat to yam (<i>Dioscorea</i> spp.) production in West Africa. With the aim to establish the diversity of RKN species affecting yam tubers, for control and resistance screening purposes, surveys were conducted in the main yam producing areas of Nigeria. Galled tubers (N = 48) were collected from farmers' stores and markets in nine states in Nigeria and in one district in Ghana. RKN isolated from yam tubers were identified using enzyme phenotyping (esterase and malate dehydrogenase) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (Nad5) barcoding. Examination of 48 populations revealed that yam tubers were infested by <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> (69%), followed by <i>M. javanica</i> (13%), <i>M. enterolobii</i> (2%), and <i>M. arenaria</i> (2%). Most of the tubers sampled (86%) were infected by a single species, and multiple species of RKN were detected in 14% of the samples. Results of both identification methods revealed the same species, confirming their accuracy for the identification of these tropical RKN species. In addition to <i>M. incognita</i>, <i>M. javanica</i>, and <i>M. enterolobii</i>, we report for the first time <i>M. arenaria</i> infecting yam tubers in Nigeria. This finding extends the list of yam pests and calls for caution when developing practices for yam pest management.
The Nature of the Ground States of Cobalt(II) and Nickel(II) Carboxypeptidase A (1973)

The magnetic susceptibilities of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) derivaties of carboxypeptidase A (CPA) follow the Curie law over a wide temperature range. The observed magnetic moments of Co(II)CPA and Ni(II)CPA are 4.77 +/- 0.15 and 2.53 +/- 0.10 Bohr Magnetons, respectively. The magnetic and spectral properties of Ni(II)CPA are consistent only with an octahedral ground-state geometry, whereas Co(II)CPA has a probable five-coordinate structure. The results establish ordinary metal-ion ground states for two metallocarboxypeptidase A derivatives which exhibit full peptidase activity.
Open Charging Kiosk (2014)

Open Charging Kiosk is a solar charging kiosk that provides reliable power to rural residents and income to the kiosk's operator. Open Charging Kiosk empowers kiosk operators by enabling them to build and operate their own equipment, rather than employing them as operators of equipment provided by a franchising company. Open Charging Kiosk provides open source hardware, software, and documentation to help operators maintain, repair, and upgrade their charging station.
Antibody Microarray Detection ofEscherichiacoliO157:H7:  Quantification, Assay Limitations, and Capture Efficiency (2006)

A sandwich fluorescent immunoassay in a microarray format was used to capture and detect E. coli O157:H7. Here, we explored quantitative aspects, limitations, and capture efficiency of the assay. When biotinylated capture antibodies were used, the signal generated was higher (over 5-fold higher with some cell concentrations) compared to biotinylated protein G-bound capture antibodies. By adjusting the concentration of reporter antibody, a linear fluorescent response was observed from approximately 3.0 x 10(6) to approximately 9.0 x 10(7) cells/mL, and this was in agreement with the number of captured bacteria as determined by fluorescence microscopy. Capture efficiency calculations revealed that, as the number of bacteria presented for capture decreased, capture efficiency increased to near 35%. Optimization experiments, with several combinations of capture and reporter antibodies, demonstrated that the amount of bacteria available for capture (10(6) versus 10(8) cells/mL) affected the optimal combination. The findings presented here indicate that antibody microarrays, when used in sandwich assay format, may be effectively used to capture and detect E. coli O157:H7.
Membrane Phospholipids, EML4-ALK, and Hsp90 as Novel Targets in Lung Cancer Treatment (2013)

Approximately one third of patients with non-small cell lung cancer have unresectable stage IIIA or stage IIIB disease; combined cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation therapy delivered concurrently has been established as the standard treatment for such patients. Despite many clinical trials that tested several different radiochemotherapy combinations, it seems that a plateau of efficiencies at the acceptable risk of complications has been reached. Clinical studies indicate that the improved efficacy of radiochemotherapy is associated with the radiosensitizing effects of chemotherapy. Improvement of outcomes of this combined modality by developing novel radiosensitizers is a viable therapeutic strategy. In addition to causing cell death, ionizing radiation also induces a many-faceted signaling response, which activates numerous prosurvival pathways that lead to enhanced proliferation in the endothelial cells and increased vascularization in tumors. Radiation at doses used in the clinic activates cytoplasmic phospholipase A2, leading to increased production of arachidonic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine. The former is the initial step in the generation of eicosanoids, while the later is the initial step in the formation of lysophosphatidic acid, leading to the activation of inflammatory pathways. The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) is member of the insulin superfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases. The EML4-ALK fusion gene appears unique to lung cancer and signals through extracellular signal regulated kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is often overexpressed and present in an activated multichaperone complex in cancer cells, and it is now regarded as essential for malignant transformation and progression. In this review we focus on radiosensitizing strategies involving the targeting of membrane phospholipids, EML4-ALK, and Hsp90 with specific inhibitors and briefly discuss the combination of radiation with antivascular agents.
Microbiology and resistance in first episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: implications for management and prognosis (2015)

Third-generation cephalosporins have poor microbial coverage for treatment of SBP. Current guidelines need to adapt for the emerging number of Gram-positive infectious agents in SBP patients.