gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Premenstrual Syndrome on Family, Social Life, and Work Performance (1994)

Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by mental and physical symptoms that vary with different phases of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms start shortly after ovulation, increase in severity, and reach a maximum during the last five premenstrual days. After the onset of menstrual bleeding, the symptoms rapidly disappear and are usually gone within three to four days. Diagnostic procedures using prospective daily symptom ratings have recently been developed, allowing a more precise diagnosis of the cyclical mood changes and leading to a clearer picture and definition of the condition. Results from community studies show that the severity of the cyclical mood changes varies within a population of women of fertile age, from those having no cyclical mood changes to those severely handicapped by the symptoms for 14 days of the month. The severity assessment of subjective symptoms is difficult since severity is difficult to compare among individuals. In this article the authors review the different approaches to estimating severity of premenstrual syndrome and compare the different approaches with approaches used for other conditions with subjective symptoms. Two possible approaches are discussed in detail. One measures symptoms by counting the number of days with and without symptoms. The other estimates how much the symptoms affect patients' family life, social life, and work performance. Differences between retrospective and prospective assessments are also discussed.
Augmented induction of tumor-specific resistance by priming with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TBC) and subsequent immunization with PPD-coupled syngeneic tumor cells. (1980)

Abstract The present study investigates the augmenting effect of tuberculin- (PPD) reactive amplifier T cells on the induction of syngeneic tumor immunity. PPD-reactive helper (amplifier) T cell activity was generated in C3H/HeJ mice by appropriate immunization with heat-killed Mycobacterium (Tbc). Immunization of these Tbc-primed mice with PPD-coupled syngeneic X5563 tumor cells led to augmented generation of in vivo tumor-neutralizing activity contingent on the presence of PPD-reactive amplifier T cell activity. Splenic T cells from these mice exhibited potent tumor-neutralizing activity using Winn's assay, whereas spleen cells from mice not primed with Tbc before PPD-X5563 immunization failed to neutralize viable X5563 tumor cells. After establishing that the neutralizing activity was tumor specific and mediated by T cells, the applicability of this augmentation of tumor-specific immunity to an immunotherapy model was explored. Immunization with PPD-X5563 in the early stages of the tumor-bearing state induced potent anti-tumor activity sufficient to reject the growing tumor. Pretreatment of mice with cyclophosphamide or light x-irradiation (250 R), procedures that eliminate suppressor cell activity nonspecifically, before priming with Tbc further potentiated the anti-tumor activity under these conditions. Thus, the present study elucidates the augmenting effect of PPD-reactive amplifier T cells in the induction of tumor-specific immunity and provides an effective method of immunotherapy in tumor-bearing animals.
PMOS device performance improvement using buried contact implants (2012)

An ultra-low-energy, high-dose, B-based implant was inserted after source/drain formation and before metal silicide contact deposition for PMOS devices. B beam-line implant and plasma doping (PLAD) using either B 2 H 6 or BF 3 gases were utilized for this implant process. The resulting PMOS device performance showed significant improvements, including ∼70 percent lower contact resistances, similar threshold and sub-threshold characteristics, and ∼15 percent higher drive currents without degrading off current. PLAD is preferred on this application because of its much higher throughput in this process regime.
Korrelation von Procalcitonin und CRP mit dem CRB-65 Score bei ambulant erworbener Pneumonie (2007)

Ziel: Ziel dieser Substudie des CAPNETZ war die Korrelation der inflammatorischen Marker Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactives Protein (CRP) und Leukozyten (LEU) mit dem klinischen Schweregrad der CAP gemessen mittels CRB-65 Score.
Synthesis of Stable and Potent δ/μ Opioid Peptides:  Analogues of H-Tyr-c[d-Cys-Gly-Phe-d-Cys]-OH by Ring-Closing Metathesis (2007)

Ring-closing metathesis has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis for generating cyclic structures via C-C double bond formation. Recently, it has been successfully used in peptide chemistry for obtaining cyclic molecules bridged through an olefin unit in place of the usual disulfide bond. Here, we describe this approach for obtaining cyclic olefin bridged analogues of H-Tyr-c[D-Cys-Gly-Phe-Cys]-OH. The synthesis of the new ligands was performed using the second generation Grubbs' catalyst. The resulting cis-8 (cDADAE) and trans-9 (tDADAE) were fully characterized and tested at delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptors. Also the linear precursor 13 (lDADAE) and the hydrogenated derivative 11 (rDADAE) also were tested. All the cyclic products containing a olefinic bond are slightly selective but highly active and potent for the delta and mu opioid receptors. Activity toward the kappa opioid receptors was absent or very low.
Improved performance of dye-sensitized solar cells using dual-function TiO_2 nanowire photoelectrode (2015)

A unique, hierarchically structured, aggregated TiO2 nanowire (A-TiO2-nw) is prepared by solvothermal synthesis and used as a dual-functioning photoelectrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The A-TiO2-nw shows improved light scattering compared to conventional TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-np) and dramatically enhanced dye adsorption compared to conventional scattering particles (CSP). The A-TiO2-nw is used as a scattering layer for bilayer photoelectrodes (TiO2-np/A-TiO2-nw) in DSSCs to compare the cell performance to that of devices using state-of-the-art photoelectrode architectures (TiO2-np/CSP). The DSSCs fabricated using bilayers of TiO2-np/A-TiO2-nw show improved power conversion efficiency (9.1%) and current density (14.88 mA cm(-2)) compared to those using single-layer TiO2-np (7.6% and 11.84 mA cm(-2)) or TiO2-np/CSP bilayer structures (8.7% and 13.81 mA cm(-2)). The unique contribution of the A-TiO2-nw layers to the device performance is confirmed by studying the incident photon-to-current efficiency. The enhanced external quantum efficiencies at approximately 520 nm and 650 nm clearly reveal the dual functionality of A-TiO2-nw. These unique properties of A-TiO2-nw may be applied in other devices utilizing light-scattering n-type semiconductor.
Local Submodularization for Binary Pairwise Energies (2016)

Many computer vision problems require optimization of binary non-submodular energies. We propose a general optimization framework based on local submodular approximations (LSA). Unlike standard LP relaxation methods that linearize the whole energy globally, our approach iteratively approximates the energy locally. On the other hand, unlike standard local optimization methods (e.g., gradient descent or projection techniques) we use non-linear submodular approximations and optimize them without leaving the domain of integer solutions. We discuss two specific LSA algorithms based on trust region and auxiliary function principles, LSA-TR and LSA-AUX. The proposed methods obtain state-of-the-art results on a wide range of applications such as binary deconvolution, curvature regularization, inpainting, segmentation with repulsion and two types of shape priors. Finally, we discuss a move-making extension to the LSA-TR approach. While our paper is focused on pairwise energies, our ideas extend to higher-order problems. The code is available online.
Prolonging seal life with monolithic carbon design (1996)

A major petrochemical plant increased seal life from three months to one year by switching to a new seal design with narrow, monolithic carbon stationary faces that stay cool and in full contact under fluctuating conditions. The seals used before could not achieve reliable control of emissions below 1000 ppm. The monolithic carbon faces used in the new seals exhibit controlled thermal growth and maintain full face contact throughout cycling. The new seals also use a carbon grade that covers such a wide application range that it handles all applications in the plant, where carbon is compatible, thus reducing inventory and purchasing costs.
Design and Realization. of the Dual-mode Channel Filter and Group-Delay-and-Amplitude Equalizer for the Ka-band Satellite Transponder Subsystem (2003)

In this paper, the design of a channel filter and its group-delay-and-amplitude equalizer is carried out for the Ka-band satellite transponder subsystem. The 8th order dual-mode filter is employed for high selectivity around the band-edges with an elliptic-integral function response and has an in-line configuration. The 2-pole, reflection-type, group-delay equalizer is designed and manufactured to reduce the group-delay and amplitude variation, which can be large for such a high order filter. It is noted that in both the filter and equalizer, adopting the dual-mode coupling mechanism leads to less mass and volume. Through measurement, the performance of the realized group-delay-equalized filter is shown to meet the equipment requirements and to be appropriate for the satellite input multiplexer.
Design and Realization of High Resolution (640×480) SWIR Image Acquisition System (2013)

Imaging technology has been in revolutionary progresses in decades with well-developed semiconductor and memory industries. Silicon sensors are used in most of camera and DV, since silicon is the best material for visible light imaging (wavelength from 400nm∼700nm). Short wave infrared (SWIR) requires indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs), composed of chemical compounds including indium arsenide (InAs) and gallium arsenide (GaAs), to cover SWIR spectrum. Wavelength of typical SWIR is defined between 0.7um and 2.5um; SWIR cameras focus on wavelength between 0.9um∼1.7um (In0.53Ga0.47As). Unlike Mid-Wave IR and Long-Wave IR, SWIR is reflected and absorbed by objects, which advantages SWIR imaging higher resolution due to better contrast. SWIR also has excellent imaging quality in low illumination environment and moon light or star light are good emitters outdoor at night. Another primary characteristic of SWIR is high penetration, providing effective imaging under hazy conditions. An Example for night vision between SWIR.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of a Terminal Phosphinidene Complex to a Conjugated Diene. Thermal Rearrangement of a Vinylphosphirane to a 1,4‐Adduct. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Control of follicle atresia in the ovary (1994)

In all mammalian species studied, atresia is a prominent feature of ovarian follicular development of all follicles present at birth, more than 99% undergo atresia. The mechanism behind this massive cell death is unknown. Earlier studies have shown that hormones, including gonadotropins and gonadal steroids, modulate the incidence of morphologic atresia. Recently, programmed cell death or apoptosis has been found to be the underlying mechanism of atresia based on the development of quantitative DNA fractionation and in situ assays for detecting internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, a hallmark for apoptosis. With the application of these methods, gonadotropins, estrogens, and several growth factors have been shown to be antiapoptotic hormones, whereas androgens and gonadotropin-releasing hormone are apoptosis-inducing agents in the rat ovary. Although the molecular mechanism for follicle atresia is still unclear, ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis represents an active cell suicide controlled by gonadotropins, gonadal steroids, and several intraovanan factors.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Mesitylene‐Bridged Hexaazamacrobicyclic Compounds (IV). (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A contrast between mainframe Parallel Sysplex availability and selected distributed computing availability solutions (2013)

Critical applications worldwide are deployed on mainframes, and a chief reason for this is the mainframe infrastructure for high availability. In this paper, we describe the history and motivation behind GDPS®, the IBM Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex, and we contrast GDPS with availability solutions that have been deployed on distributed computing platforms at Yahoo!, Amazon, and Google.
Design, Prototyping Activities and Beam Irradiation Test for the New n_{TOF} Neutron Spallation Target (2018)

A third-generation neutron spallation target for the neutron time-of-flight facility at CERN (n_{TOF}) is currently undergoing the design and prototyping stage. The new design aims at improving reliability, increasing beam intensity on target and avoiding issues encountered in the current generation target, in particular the contamination of the cooling system water with radioactive spallation products coming from washing out lead. After a preliminary design and an initial prototyping stage*, a baseline solution has been defined consisting in a pure lead target core contained in a Ti-6Al-4V cladding and embedded in a massive Pb block. A backup solution has also been defined, consisting in a Ta-cladded W core embedded in a Pb block. Both solutions are currently undergoing the detailed design stage. This contribution details the prototyping activity, the robustness studies for accidental scenarios and the design of a beam irradiation test on prototypes of the target core.
An oleuropein-based dietary supplement improves joint functionality in older people with hugh knee joint pain (2020)

peer reviewed
The structural role of bacterial eDNA in the formation of biofilm streamers (2022)

Across diverse habitats, bacteria are mainly found as biofilms, surface-attached communities embedded in a self-secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which enhance bacterial recalcitrance to antimicrobial treatment and mechanical stresses. In the presence of flow and geometric constraints such as corners or constrictions, biofilms can take the form of long, suspended filaments (streamers), which bear important consequences in industrial and clinical settings by causing clogging and fouling. The formation of streamers is thought to be driven by the viscoelastic nature of the biofilm matrix. Yet, little is known about the structural composition of streamers and how it affects their mechanical properties. Here, using a microfluidic platform that allows growing and precisely examining biofilm streamers, we show that extracellular DNA (eDNA) constitutes the backbone and is essential for the mechanical stability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa streamers. This finding is supported by the observations that DNA-degrading enzymes prevent the formation of streamers and clear already formed ones and that the antibiotic ciprofloxacin promotes their formation by increasing the release of eDNA. Furthermore, using mutants for the production of the exopolysaccharide Pel, an important component of P. aeruginosa EPS, we reveal an concurring role of Pel in tuning the mechanical properties of the streamers. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of eDNA and of its interplay with Pel in determining the mechanical properties of P. aeruginosa streamers and suggest that targeting the composition of streamers can be an effective approach to control the formation of these biofilm structures.
Therapeutic immunization of HIV-infected chimpanzees using HIV-1 plasmid antigens and interleukin-12 expressing plasmids (2000)

Immunization of HIV-1 infected chimpanzees with DNA based vaccines containing the env, gag and pol genes can transiently boost the env specific proliferative responses. Co-administration of IL-12 expressing plasmids further leads to transient boosting of the proliferative response to the core protein, p24 as well. However, at these doses the impact on viral load is minimal.
Underdetermined blind source separation with fuzzy clustering for arbitrarily arranged sensors (2011)

Recently, the concept of time-frequency masking has developed as an important approach to the blind source separation problem, particularly when in the presence of reverberation. However, previous research has been limited by factors such as the sensor arrangement and/or the mask estimation technique implemented. This paper presents a novel integration of two established approaches to BSS in an effort to overcome such limitations. A multidimensional feature vector is extracted from a non-linear sensor arrangement, and the fuzzy c-means algorithm is then applied to cluster the feature vectors into representations of the source speakers. Fuzzy time-frequency masks are estimated and applied to the observations for source recovery. The evaluations on the proposed study demonstrated improved separation quality over all test conditions. This establishes the potential of multidimensional fuzzy c-means clustering for mask estimation in the context of blind source separation.
Polarization anisotropy in GaN films for different nonpolar orientations studied by polarized photoreflectance spectroscopy (2006)

We use photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy to study the electronic band structure modification of GaN films grown along different nonpolar orientations due to biaxial, anisotropic in-plane strain. The exciton transition energies of an unstrained, high-quality C-plane GaN film are used to accurately determine the crystal-field and spin-orbit splitting energies. For films with a nonpolar orientation, the resonant features observed in the PR spectra exhibit a strong in-plane polarization anisotropy and different transition energies from the ones measured in the C-plane GaN film. The deformation potential D5 is accurately determined from four GaN films with a nonpolar orientation using the measured energies together with the polarization properties and out-of-plane strain.
Effect of Using Aminoglycosides for Treatment of Sepsis [Internet] (2015)

Sepsis is a potentially dangerous or life-threatening medical condition, usually caused by a bacterial infection. In Norway, sepsis is usually treated with antibiotics, and a typical regimen could be to use a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, for example a beta-lactam antibiotic such as benzylpenicillin in combination with a highly potent, broad-spectrum antibiotic, such as an aminoglycoside.Our aim was to systematically review the evidence on the treatment effects and harms of any antibiotic regimen with an aminoglycoside versus any antibiotic regimen without an aminoglycoside for sepsis in adults.We searched for systematic reviews, and included one systematic review that met our inclusion criteria. Based on this review which assesses the clinical efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotic monotherapy versus combination therapy (beta-lactam + aminoglycoside regimens) for sepsis, our main findings are: The pooled estimate for any nephrotoxicity showed a 66 % reduction in the risk of any nephrotoxicity using beta-lactam monotherapy compared with combination therapy (RR= 0.34; 95% CI [0.25, 0.46]). The quality of the evidence is low. The pooled estimate for serious adverse events showed a statistically non-significant difference between beta-lactam monotherapy and combination therapy (RR= 1.06; 95% CI [0.58, 1.91]). The quality of the evidence is low. The pooled estimate for overall mortality showed a statistically non-significant difference between beta-lactam monotherapy and combination therapy (RR= 0.89; 95% CI [0.74, 1.08]). The quality of the evidence is low. The pooled estimate for treatment failure showed a statistically significant difference between beta-lactam monotherapy and combination therapy in favor of monotherapy (RR= 0.84; 95% CI [0.72, 0.97]). The quality of the evidence is moderate. The pooled evidence provided in this systematic overview, are from studies done in different settings, with different patient-groups/diagnosis, different pathogens, with different regimens (doses, intervals, length of treatment). All included studies were conducted between the years 1973 and 2006 and contains only regimens comparing beta-lactam monotherapy versus aminoglycosides in combination with beta-lactams. Treatment failure is defined as it was in the primary studies, and hence a mixture of definitions are included. These definitions and the interpretation of the definitions might have been assessed differently by the different study authors and might have influenced the results for treatment failure.These aspects are important to be aware of when considering this evidence for making treatment recommendations in Norway.
High performance electroclinic materials (1993)

Abstract Many interesting potential applications of the electroclinic effect continue to drive new materials development. Herein we present recent results of a project aimed at obtaining improved electroclinic materials.
Development of a Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalyst for Slurry‐Phase Friedel–Crafts Alkylations of Cumene (2009)

Abstract magnified image A supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalyst material has been developed based on a silica support coated with an acidic chloroaluminate ionic liquid. Compared to the results in a liquid‐liquid biphasic reaction these materials showed in the isopropylation of cumene a clearly different selectivity which was found to be related to a reduction of the ionic liquid’s acidity by the untreated silica support. By pretreating the support with a defined amount of ionic liquid for neutralization and removal of surface hydroxy groups, a well defined, very active and also very selective SILP catalyst for slurry phase Friedel–Crafts alkylation was obtained.
Comparative statistics for DNA and protein sequences: multiple sequence analysis. (1985)

Concepts and methods [Karlin, S. & Ghandour, G. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 5800-5804] for the analysis of patterns and relationships are extended to multiple DNA and protein sequences. Functionals include multiple sequence common word occurrence distributions, characterizations of high frequency shared words, and ascertainment of long block identities. Various comparisons of sequences using natural alphabets obtained from grouping nucleotides or amino acids by their chemical and functional characteristics are described. Specific applications are given to globin genes, mitochondrial genomes, and a variety of mammalian viruses.