gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Attentive Neural Processes and Batch Bayesian Optimization for Scalable\n Calibration of Physics-Informed Digital Twins (2021)

Physics-informed dynamical system models form critical components of digital\ntwins of the built environment. These digital twins enable the design of\nenergy-efficient infrastructure, but must be properly calibrated to accurately\nreflect system behavior for downstream prediction and analysis. Dynamical\nsystem models of modern buildings are typically described by a large number of\nparameters and incur significant computational expenditure during simulations.\nTo handle large-scale calibration of digital twins without exorbitant\nsimulations, we propose ANP-BBO: a scalable and parallelizable batch-wise\nBayesian optimization (BBO) methodology that leverages attentive neural\nprocesses (ANPs).\n
Supplementary Figure 1 from Twist Overexpression Induces <i>In vivo</i> Angiogenesis and Correlates with Chromosomal Instability in Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Twist Overexpression Induces &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Angiogenesis and Correlates with Chromosomal Instability in Breast Cancer
In-Situ Determination by ESR of the Oxidation State of Copper in Cu-ZSM-5 in Flowing He and O2 up to 500 .degree.C (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn-Situ Determination by ESR of the Oxidation State of Copper in Cu-ZSM-5 in Flowing He and O2 up to 500 .degree.CAlexei V. Kucherov, John L. Gerlock, Hung-Wen Jen, and Mordecai ShelefCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 18, 4892–4894Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100069a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j100069a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Impact of inhomogeneity corrections on dose coverage in the treatment of lung cancer using stereotactic body radiation therapy (2007)

The purpose of this study is to assess the real target dose coverage when radiation treatments were delivered to lung cancer patients based on treatment planning according to the RTOG-0236 Protocol. We compare calculated dosimetric results between the more accurate anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and the pencil beam algorithm for stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment planning in lung cancer. Ten patients with non-small cell lung cancer were given 60 Gy in three fractions using 6 and 10 MV beams with 8-10 fields. The patients were chosen in accordance with the lung RTOG-0236 protocol. The dose calculations were performed using the pencil beam algorithm with no heterogeneity corrections (PB-NC) and then recalculated with the pencil beam with modified Batho heterogeneity corrections (PB-MB) and the AAA using an identical beam setup and monitor units. The differences in calculated dose to 95% or 99% of the PTV, between using the PB-NC and the AAA, were within 10% of prescribed dose (60 Gy). However, the minimum dose to 95% and 99% of PTV calculated using the PB-MB were consistently overestimated by up to 40% and 36% of the prescribed dose, respectively, compared to that calculated by the AAA. Using the AAA as reference, the calculated maximum doses were underestimated by up to 27% using the PB-NC and overestimated by 19% using the PB-MB. The calculations of dose to lung from PB-NC generally agree with that of AAA except in the small high-dose region where PB-NC underestimates. The calculated dose distributions near the interface using the AAA agree with those from Monte Carlo calculations as well as measured values. This study indicates that the real minimum PTV dose coverage cannot be guaranteed when the PB-NC is used to calculate the monitor unit settings in dose prescriptions.
Subconcussive Head Impact Exposure and White Matter Tract Changes over a Single Season of Youth Football (2016)

Purpose To examine the effects of subconcussive impacts resulting from a single season of youth (age range, 8-13 years) football on changes in specific white matter (WM) tracts as detected with diffusion-tensor imaging in the absence of clinically diagnosed concussions. Materials and Methods Head impact data were recorded by using the Head Impact Telemetry system and quantified as the combined-probability risk-weighted cumulative exposure (RWE<sub>CP</sub>). Twenty-five male participants were evaluated for seasonal fractional anisotropy (FA) changes in specific WM tracts: the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Fiber tracts were segmented into a central core and two fiber terminals. The relationship between seasonal FA change in the whole fiber, central core, and the fiber terminals with RWE<sub>CP</sub> was also investigated. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between RWE<sub>CP</sub> and change in fiber tract FA during the season. Results There were statistically significant linear relationships between RWE<sub>cp</sub> and decreased FA in the whole (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.433; P = .003), core (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.3649; P = .007), and terminals (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.5666; P < .001) of left IFOF. A trend toward statistical significance (P = .08) in right SLF was observed. A statistically significant correlation between decrease in FA of the right SLF terminal and RWE<sub>CP</sub> was also observed (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.2893; P = .028). Conclusion This study found a statistically significant relationship between head impact exposure and change of FA fractional anisotropy value of whole, core, and terminals of left IFOF and right SLF's terminals where WM and gray matter intersect, in the absence of a clinically diagnosed concussion. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2016.
Wave guide type photo receiver module with 20 dB amplifier at 60 GHz millimeter wave frequency band (2006)

60 GHz Millimeter wave band photo receiver modules with wave guide type photo detector and InP HEMT preamplifier were developed. The photo-RF conversion gains of photo receiver modules in 60 GHz band were measured as about 20 dB.
Influence of metabolic substrate on rat heart function and metabolism at different coronary flows (1991)

The influence of metabolic substrate on contractile strength, myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), high- and low-energy phosphate levels, and intracellular pH were determined in isovolumically contracting isolated rat hearts perfused with solutions containing either glucose or hexanoate at both high and low coronary perfusion pressures (CPP). Contractile strength was not significantly influenced by substrate at a CPP of 80 mmHg. As coronary flow was decreased, developed pressure measured at a fixed left ventricular volume (LVV) was lower during hexanoate than glucose perfusion. The relationship between MVO2 and mechanical work determined at a CPP of 80 mmHg over a range of LVVs was shifted upward in a parallel manner when substrate was switched from glucose to hexanoate. The MVO2-work relationship measured at a fixed LVV but over a range of coronary flows (7-20 ml/min) was also parallel shifted upward on switching from glucose to hexanoate. Basal MVO2 was greater during hexanoate than glucose perfusion by an amount that accounted for two-thirds the total increase in MVO2 observed between the substrates under unloaded beating conditions. The remainder of the difference was attributed to increased energy requirements for excitation-contraction coupling. Inorganic phosphate concentrations increased more and phosphocreatine concentrations decreased more during low-flow conditions (3 ml/min) when hearts were perfused with hexanoate compared with glucose. Thus hexanoate decreases myocardial efficiency compared with glucose in large part by increasing non-work-related oxygen demands. This inefficiency impacts adversely on contractile strength and high-energy phosphate concentrations at low coronary flows.
Treatment of Chronic Pain with Neurostimulation (2006)

Chronic pain conditions are a complex and multifactorial problem generally requiring a multidisciplinary-type approach. The central nervous system at some point clearly becomes involved in the processing of these painful conditions with an integration of complex changes in neurophysiology and behavior. Many ablative techniques have been employed in the past to interrupt these signals. However, the results were often temporary and symptoms tended to recur. The more modern approach has suggested that modulation of the nervous elements may be a more resilient approach for treating such chronic pain disorders. We are realizing that many of these pain conditions are also dynamic and evolving, and as such need a similar treatment modality. Neurostimulation, thus, provides the ability of therapeutically dosing electrical current in a variety of pulse forms, amplitudes, pulse widths, and frequencies, to affect that system. Furthermore, it is not destructive, it is reversible, and it can be remotely adjusted and programmed over time; clear advantages to previous surgical therapies. This chapter reports on the current evidence for the use of neurostimulation (i.e. spinal cord stimulation, motor cortex stimulation and deep brain stimulation) in the treatment of chronic pain conditions.
Emerging drugs for Hodgkin's lymphoma (2010)

To date, several new drugs are being tested for HL that are expected to change the approach in both first-line and relapsed patients.
Reliability of UVC LEDs fabricated on AlN/sapphire templates with different threading dislocation densities (2020)

The impact of different AlN/sapphire template technologies [i.e., planar, epitaxial lateral overgrown (ELO), and high temperature annealed sputtered ELO] is studied with respect to the operation-induced degradation of 265 nm UVC LEDs. UVC LEDs with identical heterostructures were grown on templates providing different threading dislocation densities in the range of 0.8 × 109 cm−2 to 5.8 × 109 cm−2. A long-term stress experiment was performed on batches of LEDs, which were operated at a direct current of 200 mA corresponding to a current density of 60 A/cm2 and at a heat sink temperature of 20 °C. The UVC LEDs on templates with lower threading dislocation densities were found to provide a higher optical power and to degrade slower during 2000 h of operation. The experiment demonstrates an extrapolated L70 lifetime of more than 10 000 h for the high temperature annealed sputtered ELO technology. The results suggest that degradation is caused by operation-induced activation of defects whose density scales with the dislocation density.
TWO-PHASE FLOW CALCULATION OF REACTING AND NONREACTING, NONSWIRUNG, AIR-ASSISTED METHANOL SPRAYS (1994)

The two-phase axisymmetric flow field present in a methanol fuel spray produced by a nonswirling air-assist atomizer operating in a downfired orientation is studied numerically under both nonreacting and reacting conditions. Fuel issuing out of the atomizer mixes with the surrounding air and burns, resulting in the establishment of the two-phase flow field. Calculations hare been performed to characterize both the continuous and dispersed phases present in the spray. The analysis procedure involves the solution of the gas-phase equations in a Eulerian frame of reference. The numerical technique and modeling for the gas phase employs nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinates, the standard k-ε turbulence model, and a combustion model made up of an assumed shape probability density function and the conserved scalar formulation. The liquid phase is simulated by using a droplet spray model and by treating the motion of the fuel droplets in a Lagrangian frame of reference. Extensive phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) data for this methanol spray configuration under both reacting and nonreacting conditions has been obtained by Mc-Donell et al. [1,2]. This includes measurements of the gas-phase velocity together with the droplet size, droplet number count, and droplet velocity distribution information at various downstream axial stations. Numerical calculations of both the nonreacting and reacting flow were performed under the exact inlet and boundary conditions as the experimental measurements. The computed gas-phase velocity field skewed excellent agreement with the test data under both nonreacting and reacting conditions. The unique contribution of this work is the formulation of a numerical PDPA scheme for comparing the droplet data. The numerical PDPA scheme essentially converts the Lagrangian droplet phase data to the format of the experimental PDPA, Several sampling volumes were selected within the computational domain. The trajectories of various droplets passing through these volumes were monitored and appropriately integrated. The calculated droplet count and mean droplet velocity distributions were compared with the measurements. The computed nonreacting spray attributes showed good agreement with the data over all drop size ranges; the reacting spray showed good agreement only for the larger drops.
Many-body cavity quantum electrodynamics with driven inhomogeneous emitters (2022)

Quantum emitters coupled to optical resonators are quintessential systems for exploring fundamental phenomena in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) and are commonly used in quantum devices acting as qubits, memories and transducers. Many previous experimental cQED studies have focused on regimes in which a small number of identical emitters interact with a weak external drive, such that the system can be described with simple, effective models. However, the dynamics of a disordered, many-body quantum system subject to a strong drive have not been fully explored, despite its importance and potential in quantum applications. Here we study how a large, inhomogeneously broadened ensemble of solid-state emitters coupled with high cooperativity to a nanophotonic resonator behaves under strong excitation. We discover a sharp, collectively induced transparency (CIT) in the cavity reflection spectrum, resulting from quantum interference and collective response induced by the interplay between driven inhomogeneous emitters and cavity photons. Furthermore, coherent excitation within the CIT window leads to highly nonlinear optical emission, spanning from fast superradiance to slow subradiance. These phenomena in the many-body cQED regime enable new mechanisms for achieving slow light and frequency referencing, pave a way towards solid-state superradiant lasers and inform the development of ensemble-based quantum interconnects.
Photochemical Activation of Protein Expression in Bacterial Cells (2007)

Licht macht Gene munter: Die photochemische Steuerung der Genexpression dient zur Aufklärung biologischer Prozesse und zur Programmierung neuer biologischer Funktionen. Ein photoaktivierbares Molekül aktiviert die Proteinexpression in prokaryotischen Zellen bei Lichteinstrahlung (siehe Bild). Im speziellen Fall gelang die räumlich-zeitliche Regulierung des lac-Operons mit einem photoaktivierbaren Derivat von Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranosid. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z700057_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Application of microstrip cavity couplers for wideband bandpass filters (2011)

Abstract This article presents a design for wideband bandpass filters using a microstrip cavity coupler. The broadband nature of the cavity‐coupled designs is fully exploited for this application. Two additional circuits are introduced to improve the stopband performance of the cavity‐coupled bandpass filter. A prototype design example is presented with its center frequency located at 6.28 GHz. The design has the merits of wide bandwith of more than 140%, flat group delay within the passband, good insertion/return loss, and stopband attenuation of nearly 30 dB up to 30 GHz. The validity of the simulation results is verified experimentally. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2814–2817, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26410
Simple improvement of error correction capability of standard FEC using repeated trial-and-error method (2006)

Error correction capability of standard RS(255,239)-code is optimized within the limits of hard-decision decoding. An improvement of about 0.2 dB is achieved without noticeable increase in decoding complexity
CrystallineAs2Se3: Optical properties (1986)

Realistic ab initio total-energy calculations are performed to investigate the optical properties of crystalline ${\mathrm{As}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$. The complete dielectric tensor is calculated using interband transitions. This includes the off-diagonal element, which has not previously been considered in the literature. The presence of the off-diagonal element leads to optical axes which are not aligned with the crystal axes and whose directions change with frequency. Comparisons with experimental results on diagonal elements are made and a prediction of the off-diagonal reflectivity is given. The origin of the off-diagonal element is investigated, and the element is found to arise solely from interlayer interactions. Accordingly, experimental measurements of the off-diagonal element may reveal unique and interesting features of the environment in between the layers.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference Porous Semiconductors – Science and Technology (2003)

The 3rd International Conference “Porous Semiconductors – Science and Technology” (PSST-2002) took place in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain, 10–15 March 2002. The meeting critically analyzed the progress in the field of porous semiconductors during two years that passed since the previous PSST-2000 event, whose proceedings were also published in phys. stat. sol. (a) 182, No. 1 (2000). The empha-sis was kept not only on breakthroughs in understanding the mechanism of growth and physical properties and critical issues in luminescence-related applications, but also new applications of porous semiconductors in natural and life sciences, as well in technology were presented. The conference served to join researchers active in physics and chemistry of semiconductors, optics, electrochemistry, analytical instrumentation, biochemistry and other related fields. The proceedings will be continued in the next issue of phys. stat. sol. (a) 197, No. 2 (2003).
Polar effects in free-radical reactions. Homolytic heteroaromatic substitutions by alkyl bromides (1993)

Alkyl bromides have been utilized for the first time as radical sources for heteroaromatic substitution. A variety of procedures was revealed to be successful for bromine abstraction: Bu3SnH with AIBN, (Me3Si)3SiH with AIBN, PhSiH, Ph2SiH2, or Et3SiH associated with peroxides (H2O2, t-BuOOH, (t-BuO)2, (t-BuOOCO)2, (PhCOO)2). The importance of the polar effects is discussed.
Functionalized Carbon Nanofoam Electrode Architectures as Cathodes for Metal-Air Batteries (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Benchtop magnetic particle relaxometer for detection, characterization and analysis of magnetic nanoparticles (2018)

This paper presents the design, construction, and testing of a magnetic particle relaxometer (MPR) to assess magnetic nanoparticle response to dynamic magnetic fields while subjected to a bias field. The designed MPR can characterize magnetic particles for use as tracers in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), with the variation of an applied bias field emulating the scan of the MPI field free point. The system applies a high-frequency time-varying excitation field (up to 45 mT at 30 kHz), while slowly ramping a bias field (±100 mT in 1 s). The time-resolved response of the sample is measured using an inductive sensing coil system, made of a pick-up coil and a rotating and translating balancing coil to finely cancel the induction feed-through from the excitation field. A post-processing algorithm is presented to extract the tracer response related to the point spread function for MPI applications, and the performance of the MPR is demonstrated using superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (ferucarbotran).
A SILICON BASED LAB ON A CHIP FOR DIGITAL DROPLET PCR (2014)

In this work, we present a miniaturized device that performs uniform droplet generation and fast temperature cycling, for digital droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR). The device was fabricated using deep silicon etch for sculpting the microfluidic structures that were then sealed by anodic bonding with a Pyrex wafer. Droplets of an aqueous solution containing PCR reagents and templates were generated in oil using a simple T-junction. Droplet volume and generation rate were respectively 60 pL and 6400 droplets per second. Volume reproducibility in different experiments was about 5%. A standard two-step Taqman protocol was used for DNA amplification. After each PCR cycle a fluorescent image of the reactor was recorded using a conventional inverted microscope equipped with a CCD camera. The analysis of these images allowed to count dark and fluorescent droplets and to reconstruct the real time fluorescence intensity curve for each droplet. To demonstrate the functionality of the device, human genomic DNA with seven nominal starting concentrations ranging from 20 to 13000 copies per μl was amplified. The determined template concentration was in agreement with the nominal one in the full dynamic range of the system (almost three orders of magnitude). In the current design the dynamic range is limited by the reactor volume ( 3mm x 3mm x 30 m) that can be extended by a factor of hundred by increasing both depth and footprint.
Fundamental frequency influences vowel discrimination in 6-month-old infants (1998)

In tro d u c t io n The ability to discrim inate different vow el tokens found in o ne’s native language is a fundam ental skill necessary for the acquisition o f language. Previous research suggests that young infants are able to discrim inate readily betw een vowel categories
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. (2012)

Comment in :The role of the Eph/ephrin-system in atherosclerotic plaque development: a complex puzzle. [Cardiovasc Pathol. 2014]