gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus–Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody That Provides Effective Immunoprophylaxis in Mice (2005)

Two neutralizing epitopes were defined for MAbs to SARS-CoV S glycoprotein. Antibodies to both epitopes protected mice against SARS-CoV challenge. Clinical trials are planned to test MAb 201, a fully human MAb specific for the epitope within the receptor-binding region.
Insulin and epidermal growth factor stimulate phosphorylation of a 170-kDa protein in intact hepatocytes immunologically related to lipocortin 1. (1988)

Lipocortin 1 is a steroid-induced, calcium-regulated membrane binding protein (Mr = 39,000) which is a substrate for the epidermal growth factor receptor kinase in intact cells. Using a polyclonal antibody to human recombinant lipocortin 1, we have identified a 170-kDa phosphoprotein in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes which shares antigenic determinants with lipocortin 1. The protein was recognized by four different anti-lipocortin 1 antisera, and antibody binding was inhibited by a 100-fold molar excess of human recombinant lipocortin 1 over antibody. Based on Coomassie Blue staining, the 170-kDa lipocortin-related protein is abundant (approximately 100 ng/10(6) cells) in rat liver, while lipocortin 1 itself is found in very low amounts. Epidermal growth factor and insulin stimulated phosphorylation of this 170-kDa protein in intact rat hepatocytes. The increase in phosphorylation was more pronounced in hepatocytes from dexamethasone-treated animals. The phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serine residues and was maximal 30-60 min after hormone addition. The 170-kDa protein was localized in the cytoplasm in the absence of calcium, while increasing calcium concentration led to partial association with the membrane compartment in rat liver. This 170-kDa protein represents a new member of the class of proteins whose serine phosphorylation is regulated by insulin and EGF and may belong to the family of lipocortin-related molecules.
Extended Use of a New Continuous Glucose Monitoring System with Wireless Data Transmission in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2006)

This study demonstrates that the life of the glucose sensor can be extended well beyond the current labeling of 72 h. Once the cable connection was corrected, there was no statistically significant change in sensor performance over 7 days. Patients preferred to wear the device for a maximum of 5-6 days.
Graphene Oxide−Polyelectrolyte Nanomembranes (2010)

Owing to its remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, graphene, an atomic layer of carbon, is considered to be an excellent two-dimensional filler for polymer nanocomposites with outstanding mechanical strength along with the potential for excellent electrical and thermal properties. One of the critical limitations with conventional fillers is that the loading fraction required for achieving significant improvement in mechanical properties is relatively high, frequently reaching 50% for maximum strength. Here, we demonstrate that the mechanical properties of ultrathin laminated nanocomposites can be significantly enhanced by the incorporation of small amounts of a dense monolayer of planar graphene oxide (GO) flakes. Negatively charged functionalized graphene oxide layers were incorporated into polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) fabricated in a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly via Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition. These LbL-LB graphene oxide nanocomposite films were released as robust freely standing membranes with large lateral dimensions (centimeters) and a thickness of around 50 nm. Micromechanical measurements showed enhancement of the elastic modulus by an order of magnitude, from 1.5 GPa for pure LbL membranes to about 20 GPa for only 8.0 vol % graphene oxide encapsulated LbL membranes. These tough nanocomposite PEMs can be freely suspended over large (few millimeters) apertures and sustain large mechanical deformations.
Insulin Stimulation of Nucleoside Triphosphatase Activity in Isolated Nuclear Envelopes (1982)

The activity of nucleoside triphosphatase, an enzyme that regulates nuclear messenger RNA transport, was measured in highly purified nuclear envelopes isolated from rat liver. Addition of picomolar concentrations of insulin to freshly prepared nuclear envelopes directly increased the enzyme activity. The major effect of insulin on this enzyme was to increase the maximum velocity of its activity; no significant effects were seen on the affinity constant. These studies raise the possibility, therefore, that the nuclear envelope is a site where insulin regulates nuclear functions.
Nitrogen absorption and microstructure of duplex stainless steel weld metal (1993)

A type 329J1 duplex stainless steel was welded by gas tungsten arc welding in argon-nitrogen gas mixture atmospheres. The penetration depth of weld metal increased with an increase of the nitrogen partial pressure of atmosphere. No porosity was observed in the weld metals. The nitrogen content and microstructure of the weld metal were studied. The nitrogen content increased and the ferrite content decreased with an increase of the nitrogen partial pressure of atmosphere. The ferrite content decreased linearly with an increase of nitrogen content. Fine chromium nitride precipitates were observed in ferrite grains of weld metals, and the amount of precipitates decreased with increases of nitrogen and ferrite contents.
Multilayered Two‐Dimensional V2CTx MXene for Methane Dehydroaromatization (2020)

Abstract We report a thermally stable multilayered two‐dimensional vanadium carbide (V 2 CT x ) MXenes catalyst for the direct conversion of methane (CH 4 ) into benzene (C 6 H 6 ). The multilayered carbide structure shows state‐of‐the‐art CH 4 conversion 11.8 % with a C 6 H 6 formation rate of 1.9 mmol g cat −1 h −1 (4.84 % C 6 H 6 yield) at 700 °C, which is comparable to the benchmark Mo/ZSM‐5 catalyst. The structure‐activity relationship was explored by numerous characterization techniques including in‐situ/operando Raman‐MS, ex‐situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ammonia temperature programmed desorption (NH 3 ‐TPD). This work provides a new platform to design and explore multilayered two‐dimensional catalysts demonstrating confinement effect to convert CH 4 into *C 2 H 3 intermediates which further oligomerize inside multilayered structures producing C 6 H 6 as the final product.
Roles of platelet and endothelial cell COX-1 in hypercholesterolemia-induced microvascular dysfunction (2007)

Aspirin is a common preventative therapy in patients at risk for cardiovascular diseases, yet little is known about how aspirin protects the vasculature in hypercholesterolemia. The present study determines whether aspirin, nitric oxide-releasing aspirin (NCX-4016), a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibitor (SC560), or genetic deficiency of COX-1 prevents the inflammatory and prothrombogenic phenotype assumed by hypercholesterolemic (HC) venules. Aspirin or NCX-4016 (60 mg/kg) was administered orally for the last week of a 2-wk HC diet. COX-1-deficient (COX-1(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice were transplanted with WT (WT/COX-1(-/-)) or COX-1(-/-) (COX-1(-/-)/WT) bone marrow, respectively. HC-induced adhesion of platelets and leukocytes in murine intestinal venules, observed with intravital fluorescence microscopy, was greatly attenuated in aspirin-treated mice. Adhesion of aspirin-treated platelets in HC venules was comparable to untreated platelets, whereas adhesion of SC560-treated platelets was significantly attenuated. HC-induced leukocyte and platelet adhesion in COX-1(-/-)/WT chimeras was comparable to that in SC560-treated mice, whereas the largest reductions in blood cell adhesion were in WT/COX-1(-/-) chimeras. NCX-4016 treatment of platelet recipients or donors attenuated leukocyte and platelet adhesion independent of platelet COX-1 inhibition. Platelet- and endothelial cell-associated COX-1 promote microvascular inflammation and thrombogenesis during hypercholesterolemia, yet nitric oxide-releasing aspirin directly inhibits platelets independent of COX-1.
Self-assembling manifolds in single-cell RNA sequencing data (2019)

Single-cell RNA sequencing has spurred the development of computational methods that enable researchers to classify cell types, delineate developmental trajectories, and measure molecular responses to external perturbations. Many of these technologies rely on their ability to detect genes whose cell-to-cell variations arise from the biological processes of interest rather than transcriptional or technical noise. However, for datasets in which the biologically relevant differences between cells are subtle, identifying these genes is challenging. We present the self-assembling manifold (SAM) algorithm, an iterative soft feature selection strategy to quantify gene relevance and improve dimensionality reduction. We demonstrate its advantages over other state-of-the-art methods with experimental validation in identifying novel stem cell populations of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>, a prevalent parasite that infects hundreds of millions of people. Extending our analysis to a total of 56 datasets, we show that SAM is generalizable and consistently outperforms other methods in a variety of biological and quantitative benchmarks.
Supplementary Methods from Medium-throughput Drug Screening of Patient-derived Organoids from Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases to Direct Personalized Therapy (2023)

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Usability of an At-Home Anterior Nares SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Sample Collection Kit: Human Factors Feasibility Study (2021)

The study demonstrated the overall usability of an at-home SARS-CoV-2 collection kit. Various feedback mechanisms provided opportunities to improve the wording and graphics for some critical tasks, including placing the label correctly on the tube. A modified IFU was prepared based on study outcomes.
Expression of the SRY-related HMG box protein SOX2 in human gastric carcinoma (2004)

SOX2, a SRY-related HMG box protein, is thought to be an important transcription factor during organogenesis, including the stomach although the expression and function are unclear. We investigated SOX2 protein expression to clarify its roles in differentiation and carcinogenesis of the stomach. Using polyclonal SOX2 antibodies, expression of SOX2 in gastric normal mucosae, intestinal metaplasia and carcinomas from 68 gastric carcinoma patients was studied by immuohistochemistry. SOX2 was strongly and moderately expressed in the nuclei of the foveolar epithelium and intestinal metaplasia, respectively, the expression being much higher than that in carcinomas (p<0.0001). Using antibodies to MUC5AC, MUC2 and CD10, the 68 gastric carcinomas were classified into gastric type, intestinal type, mixed gastric and intestinal type, and null type. A significant difference in SOX2 expression was observed between the gastric and intestinal types (p<0.05), with a higher expression in the former than in the latter. Moreover, over-expression of SOX2 induced the mRNA expression of endogenous MUC5AC, a specific mucin marker for the gastric type, in COS-7 cells. Our findings indicate that SOX2 may play a role in differentiation of the human gastric epithelium, and that SOX2 may be involved in gastric carcinogenesis, particularly in the gastric type.
Pervasive massively multithreaded GPU processors (2009)

This talk presents an overview of NVIDIA's SIMT architecture and some brief insights on how some CUDA programming paradigms map onto it. A brief history of SIMT is provided to explain how NVIDIA ended up implementing a unified SIMT processor core in its GPUs including how graphics shaders are mapped onto SIMT threads. In addition, a conceptual view of how a SIMT microarchitecture executes threads in parallel is provided. The talk wraps up by describing some pitfalls related to thread synchronization, memory access, and cache management and describes some key problem areas in SIMT programming that NVIDIA would like to address in the future.
Playing action video games enhance visual sensitivity (2010)

Contrast sensitivity or the ability to detect small increments in shades of gray is a main determinant of how well a person sees. This ability is notably difficult to improve through perceptual learning. Here, we show that action video games players exhibit higher contrast sensitivity across a range of spatial frequencies as well as shorter critical duration for contrast sensitivity. These changes suggest faster sensory integration following action game playing. In accord with this proposal, action video game players also exhibit substantial reductions in backward masking as compared to their non gaming peers. The causal effect of action video game playing was established through training studies, with individuals trained on an action video game showing greater improvements than those trained on a control game. This work opens new perspectives for clinical rehabilitation of patients with vision problems such as amblyopes or those with low vision.
Pseudocoordination and Serial Verb Constructions as Multi-Verb Predicates (2022)

Abstract Verbal pseudocoordination (as in English go and get ) is often seen as an idiosyncratic phenomenon described in exceptional terms. This paper establishes the typological context to explain key properties of pseudocoordination, integrated into a more general typology of multi-verb constructions. At the same time, principled motivations are given for the arbitrary list of traditional properties attributed to Serial Verb Constructions (SVCs). The broader category of Multi-Verb Predicates (MVPs) is proposed as any monoclausal multi-verb construction with two verbs forming a complex predicate. Subtypes of MVPs are distinguished by their form: pseudocoordination with a linker ‘and’, while SVCs have no linker. Structural properties of MVPs, such as shared inflectional features on each verb, are readily explained as due to monoclausality.
TiO2/SiO2‐NHOC‐FA Nanocomposite as a Photosensitizer with Targeting Ability for Photocatalytic Killing MCF‐7 Cells in Vitro and its Mechanism Exploration (2020)

In the paper, a composite TiO<sub>2</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> -NHOC-FA was prepared using the coupling method which is a folic acid-targeted silica-coated titanium dioxide. Their structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and zeta potential method. The results showed that the average diameter of the prepared TiO<sub>2</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> -NHOC-FA composite is 18 nm, which is spherical. Compared with unmodified TiO<sub>2</sub> , TiO<sub>2</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> -NHOC-FA composite had superior water solubility and dispersion, and enhanced its photokilling activity by folic acid-targeted to FR (+) cells. In addition, photocatalytic TiO<sub>2</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> -NHOC-FA arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase of MCF-7 cells, resulting in a significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and also made the apoptosis rate, ROS components and intracellular calcium concentration increased. It killed the MCF-7 cells through apoptosis pathway. These results for the TiO<sub>2</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> -NHOC-FA composite can provide a theoretical basis for the photodynamic development of TiO<sub>2</sub> .
RFLP for Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA clone 44-1 (1988)

SOURCE AND DESCRIPTION: 44-1 (indly supplied by LM Kunkbl) is on. of six cDNA clones which comprise the cDNA for the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene (Koenig et al., 1987). It Is a 0.9kb fragment In the EcoRl sit of Bluescript POLYMORPHISM: Taql (IOCGA) Identifies two alleles with bands at 6.8 and 5.7kb, as well as four constant bands at 4.8, 3.9, 3.5 and 2.5kb. FREQUENCY: Studied 62 unrelated indMvduals. 6.8kb allele 0.90 5.7kb allele 0.10 NOT POLYMORPHIC FOR: Hindlll, Mspl.
Melanocortin receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1 (2023)

Melanocortin receptors (provisional nomenclature as recommended by NC-IUPHAR [41]) are activated by members of the melanocortin family (α-MSH, β-MSH and γ-MSH forms; δ form is not found in mammals) and adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). Endogenous antagonists include agouti and agouti-related protein. ACTH(1-24) was approved by the US FDA as a diagnostic agent for adrenal function test. setmelanotide was approved by the US FDA for weight management in patients with POMC, PCSK1 or LEPR defiency, bremelanotide was approved by the US FDA for generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women, and NDP-MSH (afamelanotide) was approved by the EMA for the treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria. Several synthetic melanocortin receptor agonists are under clinical development.
MRI in acute muscle tears in athletes: can quantitative T2 and DTI predict return to play better than visual assessment? (2020)

• Muscle changes following acute muscle tear can be measured using T2 and diffusion measurements on MRI. • Measurements of T2 and diffusion using MRI are not as good as a radiologist's visual report at predicting return to play time after acute muscle tear.
A 32nm CMOS all-digital reconfigurable fractional frequency divider for LO generation in multistandard SoC radios with on-the-fly interference management (2012)

A VCO used in a PLL inside a wireless transceiver can be sensitive to interference from other radio circuitry (e.g. on-chip PA), components of the SoC system (e.g. clocks and their harmonics) and nearby radios. To prevent VCO pulling by the PA, fractional dividers can be used to offset the VCO frequency (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</sub> ) with respect to the PA. Multistandard radios covering, for example, WiFi 2.4 to 2.5GHz and 5 to 5.8GHz, and WiMAX 2.3 to 2.7GHz and 3.3 to 3.8GHz, may require multiple VCOs and/or multiple fractional dividers to cover all bands [1], resulting in complexity and area overhead. This paper proposes a versatile reconfigurable fractional divider capable of covering the above standards with a single VCO with 20% tuning range. The divider is all-digital, hence scaling-friendly, and uses digital calibration to eliminate the need for filtering and area-intensive inductors. The versatility afforded by the reconfigurable fractional divider allows for the transceiver's LO generation (LOG) frequency plan to be adjusted on-the-fly. This can avoid VCO pulling from interferers which may not be known a-priori, like SoC-CPU clocks that are adjusted dynamically for best performance.
Parallels and Decisive Differences in Vitamin B12 Biosyntheses (1993)

Single reactions that are, in principle, similar to those in the cobalt-free biosynthesis of hydrogenbyrinic acid (1) in the aerobe P. denitrificans, but with cobalt-coordinated substrates, occur in the biosynthesis of cobyrinic acid (2) in the anaerobe P. shermanii. This information was obtained from incorporation experiments with 3H/14C doubly labeled precursors from the biosynthetic pathway of P. denitrificans. Previously it had been established that in P. shermanii and the biosynthesis of 2, the cobalt ion is incorporated much earlier than in P. denitrificans.
Compact and Filter-Free Luminescence Biosensor for Mobile in Vitro Diagnoses (2019)

We report a sensitive and versatile biosensing approach, LUCID (luminescence compact <i>in vitro</i> diagnostics), for quantitative molecular and cellular analyses. LUCID uses upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as luminescent reporters in mutually exclusive photoexcitation and read-out sequences implemented on a smartphone. The strategy improves imaging signal-to-noise ratios, eliminating interference from excitation sources and minimizing autofluorescence, and thus enables filterless imaging. Here we developed a miniaturized detection system and optimized UCNPs for the system and biological applications. Nanoparticle luminescence lifetime was extended by controlling particle structure and composition. When tested with a range of biological targets, LUCID achieved high detection sensitivity (0.5 pM for protein and 0.1 pM for nucleic acids), differentiated bacterial samples, and allowed profiling of cells. In proof-of-concept clinical use, LUCID demonstrated effective screening of cancer cells in cervical brushing specimens, identifying patients at high risk for malignancy. These results suggest that LUCID could serve as a broadly applicable and inexpensive diagnostic platform.
A novel bile salts–lipase polymeric film-infused minitablet system for enhanced oral delivery of cholecalciferol (2015)

Few researchers have investigated the use of multiple physiological enhancers combined with synthetic carriers to augment delivery of nutraceuticals. The current work describes the development of an oral delivery system termed a bioactive association platform (BAP) capable of delivering nutraceutical actives from a formulation framework specifically for enhancing the in vitro and in vivo performance of model vitamin, cholecalciferol (Vitamin D<sub>3</sub>). Synthesis of a novel triple vitamin minitablet and an optimized bile salt/lipase alginate-glycerin film provided unique oral components for inclusion in a BAP capsule. Component validation and physicochemical characterizations included comparative ex vivo permeability, chemical structure mapping, thermodynamic analysis and magnetic resonance imaging. In vitro dissolution studies of the BAP produced an area under the dissolution curve (AUC) for cholecalciferol release that was 28% greater than a conventional comparator product. A total of 84.01% of cholecalciferol was released from the BAP within 3 h versus only 59% from a comparator. Ex vivo permeation studies revealed superior cholecalciferol membrane diffusion from the triple vitamin minitablet BAP component. In vivo performance showed a greater mean change from baseline cholecalciferol to peak plasma levels (C<sub>max</sub>) from the BAP compared to the comparator (55.66 versus 46.05 ng/mL). Cholecalciferol bioavailability was improved in vivo with an AUC<sub>0-inf</sub> from the BAP that was 3.2× greater than the conventional product. The BAP was also superior at improving and maintaining serum levels of the main metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>, compared to the conventional system. In vitro and in vivo results thus confirmed improvements in cholecalciferol dissolution, membrane permeability and plasma drug levels. The study results position the BAP as an ideal oral vehicle for enhanced delivery of cholecalciferol.
Well‐defined polyisocyanates via organotitanium(IV) catalyzed living polymerizations of isocyanates (1993)

Abstract The development of living organotitanium(IV) catalyzed polymerizations is presented. A living polymerization of alkyl isocyanates was developed using TiCl 3 OCH 2 CF 3 , I, as a catalyst, through which large quantities of well‐defined (in terms of molecular weight and polydispersity) polyisocyanates are obtainable under ambient conditions. η 5 ‐CpTiCl 2 OCH 2 CF 3 (Cp = cyclopentadienyl), II, is also an excellent catalyst for the polymerization of isocyanates and, unlike I, will polymerize monomers containing Lewis basic functional groups in the side chain. Compound II was used to synthesize poly(allyl isocyanate) and poly(2‐isocyanatoethyl methacrylate). Both polymers were found to be soluble, in contrast to previous reports, and spectroscopic characterization showed that no crosslinking of the side chains had occurred.