gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Carbocyclic Analogue of Uridine 5′‐(α‐D‐ Galactopyranosyl diphosphate) (UDP‐Gal) as an Inhibitor of β(1 . fwdarw. 4)‐Galactosyltransferase. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with large chiral angles on rhodium nanoparticles (2013)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) grown on rhodium (Rh) nanoparticles were demonstrated to have large chiral angles and a preference for metallic tubes.
Increased expression of cyclin D1 and the Rb tumor suppressor gene in c-K-ras transformed rat enterocytes. (1996)

Activating mutations in the c-K-ras gene occur in about 40% of human colorectal carcinomas, yet the role of this oncogene in tumorigenesis is not known. We have developed a model cell culture system to study this problem, utilizing the immortalized but non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line IEC18, originally derived from normal rat intestine epithelium. These cells were cotransfected with the drug resistance selectable marker tk-neo and the plasmid pMIKcys, which encodes a mini human c-K-ras gene (15 kb) containing a cysteine mutation at codon 12. Drug resistant clones were isolated. Clones which also expressed the activated c-K-ras gene displayed a transformed morphology, decreased doubling time, increased level of diacylglycerol, anchorage independent growth in soft agar and an aneuploid karyotype and they were also tumorigenic when injected into nude mice. These clones also displayed increased expression, at both the mRNA and protein levels, of cyclin D1 and Rb. These findings may be of clinical relevance since human colorectal tumors also frequently display increased expression of both cyclin D1 and Rb. This model system may be useful for understanding the role and interrelationship between activation of the c-K-ras oncogene and increased expression of cyclin D1 and Rb in colorectal tumorigenesis.
Characterization and Refolding of β-Lactamase Inclusion Bodies in Escherichia coli (1993)

RTEM β-lactamase was overexpressed in E. coli from three different plasmids resulting in the formation of cytoplasmic (plasmid pGBl) and periplasmic (plasmids pKN and pJG108) inclusion bodies. Previous work demonstrated that the inclusion bodies differ in structure and composition according to the cellular compartment in which aggregation occurred (17). In mis study, we used inclusion bodies purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation to investigate the effect of the in vivo aggregation environment on the properties of the protein within the inclusion bodies. Guanidine hydrochloride and pH solubilization experiments revealed important differences in the interactions involved in the stabilization of the aggregates. In addition, trypsin digestion results suggested a less ordered protein conformation in periplasmic inclusion bodies. The influence of the inclusion body origin on the renaturation of active protein was investigated in detail. The highest recovery was achieved with periplasmic inclusion bodies from RB791(pJG108). The yield of active β-lactamase upon refolding the material obtained from solubilized inclusion bodies was between 20% and 40% of that obtained from the renaturation of the purified protein under identical conditions. Our results suggest that the presence of certain contaminants in the inclusion bodies enhance the reaggregation of the protein during the removal of the denaturant.
Continuous profiling (1997)

Article Continuous profiling: where have all the cycles gone? Share on Authors: Jennifer M. Anderson View Profile , Lance M. Berc View Profile , Jeffrey Dean View Profile , Sanjay Ghemawat View Profile , Monika R. Henzinger View Profile , Shun-Tak A. Leung View Profile , Richard L. Sites View Profile , Mark T. Vandevoorde View Profile , Carl A. Waldspurger View Profile , William E. Weihl View Profile Authors Info & Claims SOSP '97: Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principlesOctober 1997 Pages 1–14https://doi.org/10.1145/268998.266637Published:01 October 1997 175citation1,209DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations175Total Downloads1,209Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Deep Mixtures of Factor Analysers (2012)

An efficient way to learn deep density models that have many layers of latent variables is to learn one layer at a time using a model that has only one layer of latent variables. After learning each layer, samples from the posterior distributions for that layer are used as training data for learning the next layer. This approach is commonly used with Restricted Boltzmann Machines, which are undirected graphical models with a single hidden layer, but it can also be used with Mixtures of Factor Analysers (MFAs) which are directed graphical models. In this paper, we present a greedy layer-wise learning algorithm for Deep Mixtures of Factor Analysers (DMFAs). Even though a DMFA can be converted to an equivalent shallow MFA by multiplying together the factor loading matrices at different levels, learning and inference are much more efficient in a DMFA and the sharing of each lower-level factor loading matrix by many different higher level MFAs prevents overfitting. We demonstrate empirically that DMFAs learn better density models than both MFAs and two types of Restricted Boltzmann Machine on a wide variety of datasets.
Water transport in a polyketone terpolymer (1995)

Abstract Water transport in a polyketone terpolymer was analyzed performing both sorption and permeation experiments. Water vapor sorption tests were conducted at four temperatures (35, 45, 55, and 65°C) and at several activities. The analysis of sorption isotherms revealed the occurrence of water clustering. A reduction of the endothermicity of mixing as the amount of sorbed water increased was observed which is consistent with significant association of penetrant molecules in the polymer. Permeation experiments performed at 35°C at upstream pressures ranging from 4 to 25 Torr showed evidence of a reduction in water diffusivity as function of sorbed water concentration which is a typical indication of penetrant aggregation. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Abstract LB-326: Structural basis of lipid-binding and regulation in PI3Kα (2014)

Abstract PI3Kα is a well-established target for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Currently, all inhibitors in clinical trials target the highly conserved ATP-binding site, which has made the development of PI3K selective inhibitors difficult, with many inhibitors displaying cross-reactivity against protein kinases. We have used X-ray crystallography and fluorescence quenching studies to characterize the lipid-binding site of PI3Kα and the structural basis of regulation by nSH2. A newly determined p110α/niSH2 crystal structure is the first to reveal the nSH2 domain in complex with wild-type p110α, allowing investigation of the mechanisms of nSH2 regulation. Key interactions between the nSH2 domain and the activation loop suggest a mechanism by which the kinase domain is kept in an inactive conformation until activation by phosphopeptide binding. Key differences in nSH2 domain binding to p110α were identified between the wild-type and oncogenic mutant, p110αH1047R. Increased buried surface area and two unique salt-bridges are suggestive of tighter regulatory control in the wild-type PI3Kα compared with the oncogenic mutant. A second structure reveals the details of PI3K binding to a lipid substrate mimetic, diC4-PIP2. Unexpectedly, we found an additional lipid-binding site, and this striking observation was confirmed by fluorescence quenching experiments. The identification of multiple lipid binding sites provides additional targets that may enable more selective inhibition among the various isoforms, or even between mutant and wild-type forms of PI3Kα. Citation Format: Michelle S. Miller, Oleg Schmidt-Kittler, David M. Bolduc, Evan T. Brower, Daniele Chaves-Moreira, Marc Allaire, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Ian G. Jennings, Philip E. Thompson, Philip A. Cole, L. Mario Amzel, Bert Vogelstein, Sandra B. Gabelli. Structural basis of lipid-binding and regulation in PI3Kα. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-326. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-326
Gene for α-Chain of Human T-Cell Receptor: Location on Chromosome 14 Region Involved in T-Cell Neoplasms (1985)

A human complementary DNA clone specific for the alpha-chain of the T-cell receptor and a panel of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids were used to map the alpha-chain gene to human chromosome 14 in a region proximal to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Analysis by means of in situ hybridization of human metaphase chromosomes served to further localize the alpha-chain gene to region 14q11q12, which is consistently involved in translocations and inversions detectable in human T-cell leukemias and lymphomas. Thus, the locus for the alpha-chain T-cell receptor may participate in oncogene activation in T-cell tumors.
Inhibition of Growth of Neoplastic Mast Cells by CD44 mAb A3D8 Is Associated with G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. (2005)

Abstract Recent data suggest that CD44 may serve as a new therapeutic target in AML and possibly also in other myeloid neoplasms. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a myeloid neoplasm characterized by abnormal growth and accumulation of mast cells (MC) in one or multiple organs. We have previously shown that normal tissue MC express CD44. In the present study, we asked whether CD44 is expressed on neoplastic human MC and whether CD44-ligation by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) A3D8 would be associated with inhibition of growth of neoplastic MC. As assessed by flow cytometry, primary neoplastic MC were found to express CD44 in all patients with SM analyzed (n=10). The human mast cell leukemia (MCL) cell line HMC-1 was also found to express CD44. As assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation, the CD44 mAb A3D8 decreased the proliferation of HMC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner (A3D8, 5 μg/ml: 46±26% of control=100%, p&amp;lt;0.05). Similar effects of A3D8 were observed with primary neoplastic MC obtained from a patient with MCL (A3D8, 5 μg/ml: 68±20%) and one with smouldering SM (A3D8, 2.5 μg/ml: 42±7% of control, p&amp;lt;0.05). To analyze the mechanism of A3D8-induced growth inhibition, cell survival and cell cycle distribution were analyzed. We found that CD44-ligation induces an approximately 3-fold increase in apoptotic HMC-1 cells compared to control. As assessed by flow cytometry, we were also able to demonstrate that A3D8 induces cell cycle arrest in the G1-phase. Moreover, as assessed by Western blotting, we found that incubation of HMC-1 cells with mAb A3D8 results in an increase in the cyclin-dependent kinase-inhibitor p27Kip1. In summary, our results suggest that CD44-ligation is followed by inhibition of growth of neoplastic human MC through induction of apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest. The latter is probably mediated by stabilization of p27Kipl. Whether targeting of CD44 in neoplastic MC in patients with high grade MC disorders is of clinical significance remains to be determined in forthcoming studies.
When can A Clonal Organism Escape Senescence? (1997)

Some clonal organisms may live for thousands of years and show no signs of senescence, while others consistently die after finite life spans. Using two models, we examined how stage-specific life-history rates of a clone's modules determine whether a genetic individual escapes senescence by replacing old modules with new ones. When the rates of clonal or sexual reproduction and survival of individual modules decline with age, clones are more likely to experience senescence. In addition, the models predict that there is a greater tendency to find senescence in terms of a decline in the rate of sexual reproduction with clone age than in terms of an increase in the probability of clone mortality, unless rates of sexual reproduction increase dramatically with module stage. Using a matrix model modified to represent the clonal lifestyle, we show how a trade-off between sexual and clonal reproduction could result in selection for or against clonal senescence. We also show that, in contrast to unitary organisms, the strength of selection on life-history traits can increase with the age of a clone even in a growing population, countering the evolution of senescence.
Increased transaminases in psychiatry: a case report. (1998)

We report the case of a patient admitted to the hospital with psychiatric troubles. Soon after admission, he presented severe hepatitis of unknown origin. Careful review of the charts, transvenous liver biopsy, right heart and hepatic pressure measurements, negative toxicologic and viral screenings were highly suggestive of hypoxic hepatitis. Indeed, the patient had previously been treated for a decompensated cardiomyopathy and medications stopped prior to the current admission. Without clear clinical evidence of heart failure he presented a brief malaise two days before the increase in liver enzymes. Holter heart recording showed afterwards bouts of ventricular tachycardia. Treatment with Dobutamine and antiarrythmics led to a rapid decrease of transaminase levels and recovery in liver function. Unfortunately, he died three weeks later from his cardiomyopathy. This case illustrates the need for cardiovascular work-up in the context of hepatitis from unknown origin.
Dielectric properties of (Ba,Sr)TiO{sub 3} films by RF sputtering (1994)

The dielectric properties of (Ba,Sr)TiO{sub 3}(BST) thin films prepared by RF sputtering method, were investigated. Polycrystalline film structure and grain size were estimated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Xray diffraction. The dielectric constant of BST films depends on their grain size rather than thickness of the film. A broad maximum in the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of the films was observed, and Curie temperature was not clear. No hysteresis was observed in a D-E curve of the film at 77K.
65-nm full-chip implementation using double dipole lithography (2003)

Double Dipole Lithography (DDL) has been demonstrated to be capable of patterning complex 2D patterns. Due to inherently high aerial imaging contrast, especially for dense features, we have found that it has a very good potential to meet manufacturing requirements for the 65nm node using ArF binary chrome masks. For patterning in the k<sub>1</sub><0.35 regime without resorting to hard phase-shift masks (PSMs), DDL is one unique Resolution Enhancement Technique (RET) which can achieve an acceptable process window. To utilize DDL for printing actual IC devices, the original design data must be decomposed into “vertical (V)” and “horizontal (H)” masks for the respective X- and Y-dipole exposures. An improved two-pass, model-based, DDL mask data processing methodology has been established. It is capable of simultaneously converting complex logic and memory mask patterns into DDL compatible mask layout. To maximize the overlapped process window area, we have previously shown that the pattern-shielding algorithm must be intelligently applied together with both Scattering Bars (SBs) and model-based OPC (MOPC). Due to double exposures, stray light must be well-controlled to ensure uniform printing across the entire chip. One solution to minimize stray light is to apply large patches of solid chrome in open areas to reduce the background transmission during exposure. Unfortunately, this is not feasible for a typical clear-field poly gate masks to be patterned by a positive resist process. In this work, we report a production-worthy DDL mask pattern decomposition scheme for full-chip application. A new generation of DDL technology reticle set has been developed to verify the printing performance. Shielding is a critical part of the DDL. An innovative shielding scheme has been developed to protect the critical features and minimize the impact of stray light during double exposure.
Data from Alteration of the Tumor Stroma Using a Consensus DNA Vaccine Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) Synergizes with Antitumor Vaccine Therapy in Mice (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is an interesting target for cancer immune therapy, with prior studies indicating a potential to affect the tumor stroma. Our aim was to extend this earlier work through the development of a novel FAP immunogen with improved capacity to break tolerance for use in combination with tumor antigen vaccines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We used a synthetic consensus (SynCon) sequence approach to provide MHC class II help to support breaking of tolerance. We evaluated immune responses and antitumor activity of this novel FAP vaccine in preclinical studies, and correlated these findings to patient data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; This SynCon FAP DNA vaccine was capable of breaking tolerance and inducing both CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; immune responses. In genetically diverse, outbred mice, the SynCon FAP DNA vaccine was superior at breaking tolerance compared with a native mouse FAP immunogen. In several tumor models, the SynCon FAP DNA vaccine synergized with other tumor antigen–specific DNA vaccines to enhance antitumor immunity. Evaluation of the tumor microenvironment showed increased CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell infiltration and a decreased macrophage infiltration driven by FAP immunization. We extended this to patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, where we find high FAP expression correlates with high macrophage and low CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell infiltration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These results suggest that immune therapy targeting tumor antigens in combination with a microconsensus FAP vaccine provides two-fisted punch-inducing responses that target both the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells directly. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1190–201. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Persistent Host Markers in Pandemic and H5N1 Influenza Viruses (2007)

Avian influenza viruses have adapted to human hosts, causing pandemics in humans. The key host-specific amino acid mutations required for an avian influenza virus to function in humans are unknown. Through multiple-sequence alignment and statistical testing of each aligned amino acid, we identified markers that discriminate human influenza viruses from avian influenza viruses. We applied strict thresholds to select only markers which are highly preserved in human influenza virus isolates over time. We found that a subset of these persistent host markers exist in all human pandemic influenza virus sequences from 1918, 1957, and 1968, while others are acquired as the virus becomes a seasonal influenza virus. We also show that human H5N1 influenza viruses are significantly more likely to contain the amino acid predominant in human strains for a few persistent host markers than avian H5N1 influenza viruses. This sporadic enrichment of amino acids present in human-hosted viruses may indicate that some H5N1 viruses have made modest adaptations to their new hosts in the recent past. The markers reported here should be useful in monitoring potential pandemic influenza viruses.
Enkephalin inhibits the release and action of secretin on pancreatic secretion in the dog. (1980)

1. Pancreatic bicarbonate and protein secretion as well as immuno-reactive plasma secretin concentration in response to a meal, duodenal acidification and exogenous secretin or octapeptide of cholecystokinin (OP-CCK) have been measured following administration of methionine-enkephalin in chronic pancreatic fistula dogs. 2. Methionine-enkephalin inhibited pancreatic responses to both exogenous hormones (secretin and OP-CCK) and to endogenous hormones released from the gut by food or duodenal acidification. 3. Naloxone, a potent opiate receptor antagonist, partly prevents this methionine-enkephalin-induced inhibition of pancreatic secretion suggesting that this effect might be mediated by opiate receptors. 4. The inhibitory effect of methionine-enkephalin on pancreatic response to endogenous stimulants was more pronounced than that to exogenous hormones and was accompanied by a significant reduction in plasma immuno-reactive secretin concentration. 5. This study indicates that methionine-enkephalin inhibits pancreatic secretion, at least in part, by suppressing the release of the intestinal hormones stimulating the exocrine pancreas.
Space Charge Polarization by Ions in a Liquid Crystal Material (1999)

Abstract The complex dielectric constant of a liquid crystal material, 4-cyano-4′-alkyl-biphenyl (5CB), in a low frequency region was measured by taking the thickness of a specimen as parameter. The results were analyzed by introducing an equivalent circuit of a novel concept by taking two kinds of contributions into account: one is from the electric double layer and the other is from the space charge polarization. It was found that these two effects can be distinguished by observing the dependence of dielectric dispersion on the thickness of a specimen. These measurements can be applied to a precise determination of the attributes of plural kinds of ions like the diffusion coefficient and the number density.
Domain inversion in ferroelectric MgO:LiNbO3 by applying electric fields (1996)

An antiparallel ferroelectric domain in LiNbO3 doped with 5 mol % MgO (MgO:LN) was inverted at room temperature by applying a step-like electric field. The lowest electric field was about one fifth of that for undoped LN, but a high field compared to that for BaTiO3 was found to be necessary from the analysis of the switching current. The long switching time (about 102 s under an electric field of 4.45 kV/mm) enabled us to observe the domain growth process in MgO:LN. The needle-shaped nuclei grew into larger domains by nucleation on the existing domain wall, and the wall of the coalesced domain moved forward slowly. The process was similar to the domain reversal model proposed for BaTiO3 under low electric fields.
Interactive Content Retargeting for Multi-Panel Displays (2017)

Augmented content from three-dimensional virtual objects, real-world light field captures, and live RGBD camera captures are retargeted onto multi-panel displays. The displayed views are synthesized and aligned dynamically, achieving enhanced perception of aerial three-dimensional volume.