gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of materials properties and device performance in memristive systems (2019)

Future development of the modern nanoelectronics and its flagships internet of things and artificial intelligence as well as many related applications is largely associated with memristive elements. This technology offers a broad spectrum of functionalities, however, it follows predominantly a phenomenological approach and crucial challenge/limit for further development remains variability and lack of fundamental materials' design strategy. Here we demonstrate the vital importance of materials' purity for determining memristors' functionalities, showing that part per million foreign elements significantly change the performance. By appropriate choice of chemistry and amount of doping material we can selectively enhance desired operation mode. We highlight how dopant dependent structure and charge/potential distribution in the space charge layers and the cell capacitance determine the device kinetics and functions. We evidence for first time experimentally the relation between materials properties and switching/neuromorphic performance, thus providing rules and directions for a rational design of memristive devices.
Highly Dynamic Bistable Soft Actuator for Reconfigurable Multimodal Soft Robots (Adv. Mater. Technol. 2/2023) (2023)

Soft Robots In article number 2201259, Dinesh K. Patel, Xiaonan Huang, Lining Yao, Carmel Majidi, and co-workers present highly dynamic, robust, and fast-responding bistable actuators for use in soft robotics. These actuators use 3D printed soft materials and shape memory alloy for rapid motions with 1 Hz frequency. They enable the creation of reconfigurable soft robots that transition between walking, swimming, crawling, jumping, and rolling locomotion.
Jammer Localization in the Internet of Vehicles: Scenarios, Experiments, and Evaluation (2022)

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm aims to improve road safety and provide a comfortable driving experience for Internet-connected vehicles, by transmitting early warning and infotainment signals to Internet-connected vehicles in the network. The unique characteristics of the IoV, such as their mobility and pervasive Internet connectivity, expose such networks to many cyberattacks. In particular, jamming attacks represent a considerable risk to their performance, as they can significantly affect vehicles’ functionality, possibly leading to collisions in dense networks. This paper presents a new scheme enabling the detection and localization of jamming attacks carried out within an IoV network. We consider several scenarios, e.g., where the Internet-connected vehicles and the jammer are statically positioned, as when parked on a street, moving in the same direction and with variable speeds, and moving in opposite directions. We leverage the physical-layer characteristics of the received signals, particularly the Received Signal Strength (RSS), and devise a solution minimizing the jammer localization error based on a set of antennas deployed on the vehicle. Specifically, we compute the power emitted by the jammer and received by the arrays of omnidirectional antennas and we use such values to estimate the location of the jammer in the previous-cited scenarios. Through an extensive simulation campaign, we provide a thorough study of our algorithm, evaluating the effect of several system and channel parameters on the measurement error. The results obtained for all scenarios show a significant localization accuracy, i.e., ranging from 0.23 meters to 13 meters, depending on the channel conditions.
Hot-Electron-Induced Electron Trapping in 0.13 μm nMOSFETs with Ultrathin (EOT=1.6 nm) Nitrided Gate Oxide (2005)

The device degradation caused by the hot-electron-induced electron trapping in the ultrathin (equivalent oxide ) nitrided gate oxide for the n-metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (n-MOSFETs) has been investigated. We have found that the nitrogen, incorporated in the gate dielectrics by a variety of popular techniques including stack, NO annealing, and plasma nitridation, results in enhanced hot-electron-induced device degradations as compared to the conventional gate oxide counterpart. The enhanced hot-electron degradations are attributed to the electron trap generation in the ultrathin gate dielectric rather than the interface state generation as a result of nitrogen incorporation.
Structure–function studies of the recombinant protein bioemulsifier AlnA (2002)

Acinetobacter radioresistens KA53 produces an extracellular bioemulsifier, referred to as alasan. The surface active component of alasan is a 35.77 kDa protein AlnA. Although AlnA and the Escherichia coli outer membrane protein A (OmpA) have a high amino acid sequence homology, E. coli OmpA has no emulsifying activity. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of AlnA and E. coli OmpA revealed four hydrophobic regions in AlnA that were absent in E. coli OmpA. Deletions and substitutions (with the homologous OmpA sequence) were constructed in each of the four hydrophobic regions of AlnA by site-directed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mutagenesis, using the overlap PCR method. Analysis of the emulsifying activities of the mutated AlnA molecules demonstrated that all four hydrophobic regions were necessary for emulsifying activity. However, most of the inactive mutated proteins still adhered avidly to hexadecane. These findings indicate that in addition to binding to hydrocarbons, the protein emulsifier must form a specific structure on the surface of the hydrocarbon that prevents coalescence of oil droplets. This is the first structure-function study of a protein bioemulsifer.
Evidence to implicate translation by ribosomes in the mechanism by which nonsense codons reduce the nuclear level of human triosephosphate isomerase mRNA. (1993)

The abundance of the mRNA for human triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) is decreased to 20-30% of normal by frameshift and nonsense mutations that prematurely terminate translation within the first three-quarters of the reading frame. The decrease has been shown to be attributable to a reduced level of TPI mRNA that copurifies with nuclei. Given that the translational reading frame of an mRNA is assessed in the cytoplasm during protein synthesis, cytoplasmic and nuclear RNA processes may be linked. Alternatively, a nuclear mechanism may exist whereby in-frame nonsense codons can be identified. To differentiate between these two possibilities, two distinct modulators of protein synthesis have been tested for the ability to influence the nonsense-codon-mediated reduction in the mRNA level. (i) A suppressor tRNA, which acts in trans to suppress an amber nonsense codon within TPI mRNA, and (ii) a hairpin structure in the 5' untranslated region of TPI mRNA, which acts exclusively in cis to inhibit initiation of TPI mRNA translation, were found, individually, and to a greater extent, together, to abrogate the decrease in mRNA. These results show that tRNA and ribosomes coordinately mediate the effect of a nonsense codon on the level of newly synthesized TPI mRNA. We suggest that the premature termination of TPI mRNA translation in the cytoplasm can reduce the level of TPI mRNA that fractionates with nuclei.
High Incidence of Ganciclovir‐Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infection among Lung Transplant Recipients Receiving Preemptive Therapy (2002)

Preemptive antiviral therapy in transplant patients is thought to be less likely to lead to antiviral resistance than is routine prophylaxis. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive lung transplant patients (R+) were assigned to receive pp65 antigen-guided ganciclovir therapy, and seronegative recipients of organs from seropositive donors (D+/R-) were assigned to receive initially preemptive and then routine ganciclovir prophylaxis. The incidence of infection with ganciclovir-resistant (ganR) CMV was assessed retrospectively. GanR CMV infection developed in 4 (9%) of 45 patients, at a median of 4.4 months (range, 3.1-6.6 months) after transplantation, and was more common among D+/R- patients than among R+ patients (3 of 11 vs. 1 of 34; P =.04). The incidence among patients who received preemptive therapy was similar to that among patients who received routine prophylaxis. All ganR isolates contained a UL97 mutation. GanR CMV infection occurs in nearly 10% of lung transplant recipients, despite preemptive antiviral therapy, and is more common among D+/R- patients.
Vector Form EM and Suboptimal Joint State and Parameter Estimation (2006)

The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm combined with the Kalman filter (KF) can be applied iteratively to yield state estimates and ML estimates of the parameters of a linear dynamical system. In this paper new recursive forms of the accumulated second-order state moments which constitute the core of the joint state and parameter estimator are derived. The new recursions are in vector form and follow directly from the state smoothing formula as well as the properties of the Kronecker product. By loosening the optimal constraints, the new recursion forms lead to efficient suboptimal algorithms that are time-recursive. Convergence control of these recursive algorithms by exponential weighting is also considered.
Techniques for millimetre-wave imaging (2004)

This paper reviews the formation of an image with coherent and incoherent radiation. It discusses the various mm-wave methods for electronic beam-forming and beam-steering such as phased array, leaky-wave antennas, up-conversion, tapped delay lines and digital beam-forming techniques. These methods are related in the paper to their optical analogues of beam-forming and steering by a lens and the measurement of the aperture function in the case of holography. It concludes that digital techniques will be used in the future when the cost of receivers is reduced but that at present opto-mechanical techniques are more cost effective. A high efficiency, compact opto-mechanical system is described. This is able to operate at any wavelength and be active or passive. Typical 94GHz images are presented.
P‐173: Engineering of Linker Unit for Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2019)

A series of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters of TrzCz1 and TrzCz2 are synthesized to study the effect of linker engineering on the TADF properties. Photophysical and electrical properties of TADF emitters were characterized by the electron donating strength of the molecule by integrating biscarbazole and t‐butylcarbazole electron donating units and triazine electron withdrawing unit. Energy bandgap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest occupied molecular orbital (LUMO) was tuned by changing the electron donating strength of the molecule. t‐butylcarbazole based molecule TrzCz2 (0.13 eV) showed smaller singlet‐triplet energy gap than TrzCz1 (0.20 eV), and the maximum photoluminescence emission peaks of TrzCz1 and TrzCz2 were 443 and 433nm. TrzCz1 device showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 22.4% with a CIE color coordinate of (0.17, 0.28) and TrzCz2 showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.9% with a CIE color coordinate of (0.15, 0.09)
Edelmetallatschale: Das Polyoxo‐6‐vanado(V)‐7‐palladat(II) [Pd7V6O24(OH)2]6− (2010)

Blumen für edle Vase gesucht: Die Schale des Edelmetallats [PdII7VV6O24(OH)2]6−, das aus sieben quadratisch-planaren PdIIO4-, vier tetraedrischen VVO4- und zwei quadratisch-pyramidalen VVO5-Addend-Einheiten besteht, bietet keinen Platz für Gäste. Seine Lösungsstabilität wurde mithilfe der 51V-NMR-Spektroskopie und der ESI-Massenspektrometrie sowie durch DFT-Rechnungen gezeigt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Independent Double Gate - potential for non-volatile memories (2008)

The authors proposed an analysis of the IDG device as a potential non volatile memory cell. IDG allows the most extended electrical combinations compared to the SQeRAM and consequently a large range of use. The two gates of the transistor are dynamically and separately addressable.
The Role of the Chemical Shift Difference in a Two-Site Exchange Model Under an On-Resonance Spin-Lock RF Field (2018)

The manuscript investigates the role of the chemical shift difference between two exchanging pools under a spin-lock RF field. The results demonstrate that the width of the dispersion of R1rho is determined mainly by the chemical shift difference when the exchange is slow. This work may give a new insight into the spin dynamics under a spin-lock condition and the results may be relevant to the fields using the spin-lock technique, such as protein NMR and MRI contrast.
Tryptic peptide analysis of gag and gag-pol gene products of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (1979)

[3H]tyrosine-labeled viral precursor polyproteins and known mature viral proteins derived from the Rauscher murine leukemia virus gag and pol genes were examined by two-dimensional tryptic peptide mapping. Pr200gag-pol was found to contain peptide sequences of the viral core proteins p30, p15, p12, and p10, as well as peptide sequences found in the cell-associated reverse transcriptase. Intermediate reverse transcriptase precursor Pr125pol lacked peptide sequences of the four-core proteins but contained reverse transcriptase-specific tryptic peptides plus two additional tyrosine-containing tryptic peptides not related to gag or pol gene products. Methionine-containing tryptic peptide analysis also suggested the presence of additional protein material in Pr125pol (Kopchick et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75:2016-2020, 1978). Pr200gag-pol, although containing both viral core and reverse transcriptase-assoicated methionine and tyrosine tryptic peptides, also contained additional tryptic peptides. Thes are of two classes: (i) tryptic peptides associated with the Pr125pol but not Pr80pol and (ii) tryptic peptides not found in Pr125pol or in any known viral protein. One interpretation of these results is that Pr200gag-pol contains additional gene products aside from the gag and pol genes. Pr80gag and Pr65gag peptide maps were also examined and found to have sequences of all four core proteins. Pr65gag was found to contain two p30 tyrosine tryptic peptides that were absent in Pr80gag, suggesting that Pr80gag may not be the precursor to Pr65gag. Pr80gag, as expected from its larger size, also contained tryptic peptides not found in Pr65gag. Two of these additional Pr80gag tryptic peptides were found in Pr80pol as well but not in any of the viral core proteins, suggesting that Pr80gag and Pr80pol may have overlapping peptide sequences. Consistent with this finding is the conclusion that Pr80gag terminates within the pol gene. A model that describes the relationship of these recent findings to viral gene products is presented.
Glycomic Profiling Highlights Increased Fucosylation in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei (2018)

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a subtype of mucinous adenocarcinoma that most often originates from the appendix, and grows in the peritoneal cavity filling it with mucinous ascites. <i>KRAS</i> and <i>GNAS</i> mutations are frequently found in PMP, but other common driver mutations are infrequent. As altered glycosylation can promote carcinogenesis, we compared <i>N</i>-linked glycan profiles of PMP tissues to those of normal appendix. Glycan profiles of eight normal appendix samples and eight low-grade and eight high-grade PMP specimens were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Our results show differences in glycan profiles between PMP and the controls, especially in those of neutral glycans, and the most prominent alteration was increased fucosylation. We further demonstrate up-regulated mRNA expression of four fucosylation-related enzymes, the core fucosylation performing fucosyltransferase 8 and three GDP-fucose biosynthetic enzymes in PMP tissues when compared with the controls. Up-regulated protein expression of the latter three enzymes was further observed in PMP cells by immunohistochemistry. We also demonstrate that restoration of fucosylation either by salvage pathway or by introduction of an expression of intact GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase enhance expression of <i>MUC2</i>, which is the predominant mucin molecule secreted by the PMP cells, in an intestinal-derived adenocarcinoma cell line with defective fucosylation because of deletion in the GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase gene. Thus, altered glycosylation especially in the form of fucosylation is linked to the characteristic mucin production of PMP. Glycomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010086.
Relaxation mechanisms in ferroelectric thin film capacitors for feram application (2001)

Abstract In this work decided measuring techniques and procedures based on conventional hysteresis measurements and fast pulse characterization are exploited to emphasize the meaning of the ferroelectric relaxation for the fast read and write access of the memory cell in the time region of several nanoseconds. The dependence of the transient polarization reversal on the measuring frequency, and the voltage pulse pattern is presented for PZT thin film material. In the light of the extracted data the theoretical models of classical ferroelectric phase transition compared to dissipative charge redistribution is discussed.
Directionality control through selective excitation of low-order guided modes in thin-film InGaN photonic crystal light-emitting diodes (2011)

This letter explores the impact of quantum well placement and photonic crystal (PhC) etch depth on the emission directionality of thin-film InGaN PhC light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The far-field pattern of 800-nm-thick PhC LEDs is tuned by varying only the etch depth of a surface-patterned hexagonal PhC from 90 to 440 nm. This dependence on etch depth is shown to arise from the preferential excitation of a subset of the allowed guided modes. Selective excitation of the TE0 and TE1 modes is utilized to achieve a vertically directional emission pattern comprised of only these two modes.
Comparative Evaluation of Harmonic Injection Techniques for a Phase-Modular Three-Phase Six-Switch Buck-Boost Y-Inverter (2021)

Phase-modular buck–boost dc/ac inverters extend the voltage conversion range of conventional buck-type inverter topologies, and accordingly offer significant advantages for variable-speed motor drives powered from dc sources with wide-voltage-ranges like fuel cells or batteries. In this letter, two new modulation schemes are applied to the six-switch buck–boost Y-inverter (6YI) topology, with an analysis of the efficiency improvement for the proposed third harmonic injection pulsewidth modulation (TPWM) and discontinuous PWM (DPWM) schemes relative to conventional sinusoidal PWM (SPWM). Third harmonic injection PWM (TPWM) substantially reduces conduction losses and discontinuous PWM (DPWM) extends this gain by eliminating high-frequency switching for one-third of the fundamental period. These gains are validated on a 1 kW hardware demonstrator across a dc input voltage from 80 to 240 V, with DPWM reducing total converter losses by 31% over SPWM for a peak efficiency at nominal load of 95.6% with a power density of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$62.3\ {\rm W/in^3}$</tex-math></inline-formula> .
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(3,5‐Dimethylphenyl)tryptamine Derivatives That Bind to the GnRH Receptor. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modulation of the typical multidrug resistance phenotype by targeting the MED-1 region of human MDR1 promoter. (2000)

International audience
Aspects for untangling cross‐layer design and policy support (2012)

SUMMARY Programming language concepts have inspired some networking design decisions. For example, concepts such as object encapsulation and interface invocation have been borrowed, at the time of their adoption, from an already well established object oriented programming paradigm. The authors suggest in this paper that it may be time again to revisit emerging software engineering programming paradigms to learn from them. More specifically, this paper discusses the practical tangling problem, embedded in conventional layer‐coupling (linking) network software design and highlighted by recent research proposals for cross layer design. The adopted solution is based on the aspect‐oriented programming paradigm. We show its programming efficiency, limitations and role in the seamless enforcement of multiple policy scenarios while emphasizing little design changes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Table S2 from Mechanism-Based Epigenetic Chemosensitization Therapy of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S2 - PDF file 62K, Genes hypermethylated and repressed in doxorubicin resistant cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Statistical evaluation for anomalous SILC of tunnel oxide using integrated array TEG (2008)

We propose a new test-element-group (TEG)** in order to study anomalous stress-induced leakage current (SILC) of tunnel oxide, which is a problem for flash memory reliability. Using this TEG, gate current through the tunnel oxide in the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−16</sup> A can be measured for about 1,000,000 transistors within 4 minutes. The behavior of anomalous SILC when Fowler-Nordheim (FN) electron tunneling stress is applied or measurement temperature is changed was investigated. It was detected that the anomalous SILC appears or disappears by applying stress and it was annealed out at high temperature measurement, as observed in flash memory cells. This TEG can be fabricated by simple processes, and its peripheral circuits are simple structures, so the tunnel dielectric can be changed drastically. We consider that using this TEG for the development of tunnel dielectric can lead to clarifying the origin of anomalous SILC, and promote the downscaling of tunnel dielectric thickness.
Palm-Sized Biodetection System Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (2008)

We present a complete palm-sized, battery-operated biodetection system based on highly sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). We have replaced the spectrum analyzer by four pulse-powered light-emitting diodes (LED), each with different emission spectra. The reflected light beams from all LEDs were detected by a single photodiode. Its composite output current was demultiplexed by a four-channel lock-in amplifier. Device performance was demonstrated using an LSPR chip covered with a mixture of ethanol/water and 2-propanol/water at different concentrations. The miniaturized system does not require any external power supply or personal computer and it is therefore suitable for point-of-care and field applications.