gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor tyrosine kinase stimulates cell-matrix adhesion by phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and phospholipase C-gamma 1 pathways (1995)

Receptor tyrosine kinases are known to be important in growth and differentiation. We have recently found that c-kit, the tyrosine kinase receptor for steel factor, also regulates cell-matrix adhesion. Because Steel factor helps regulate cell migration and localization, this may be an important biologic function. Integrin adhesiveness is regulated within minutes by c-kit. The signaling pathways for tyrosine kinase stimulation of integrin adhesiveness and their relation to pathways that regulate growth and differentiation over much longer time periods remain uncharacterized. We have studied the effector pathways by which receptor tyrosine kinases regulate cell-matrix adhesion using wild-type and mutant forms of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, which is closely related to c-kit. The PDGF receptor expressed in mast cells is as potent as c-kit in stimulating adhesion to fibronectin. We show that induction of adhesion is regulated through two independent pathways of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase C-gamma 1 (PLC gamma)-protein kinase C by elimination of autophosphorylation sites required for activation of PI3K and PLC gamma or in combination with downregulation of protein kinase C or wortmannin. By contrast, a receptor mutated in both the PI3K and PLC gamma association sites can still stimulate mast cell growth, indicating a crucial role of these effector molecules in regulating adhesion rather than cell growth.
Advanced dielectrics: Bulk ceramics and thin films (1991)

Review: Ceramic multilayer capacitors used in surface‐mount electronics have decreased in size by a factor of four over the last five years while their capacitance per unit volume has increased by the same factor. The preparation and processing procedures applied to ultrafine dielectric ceramic powders used in the capacitors (see Figure), which have resulted in these improvements in size and performance characteristics are described. magnified image
The Plasmon Resonance of a Multilayered Gold Nanoshell and its Potential Bioapplications (2010)

The optical spectra and near-field enhancement of a multilayered gold nanoshell were theoretically studied in this paper to explore its potential biological applications. The mathematical model was developed within the framework of multipole expansion of a multilayered concentric sphere. Results show that compared with a conventional single-layered Au-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> nanoshell, a multilayered Au-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -Au nanoshell has an advantage of realizing the localized surface plasmon resonance at wavelength of 1300 nm or longer, which is believed to be more beneficial to ultrahigh resolution optical coherent imaging. With single-layered nanoshell, an extremely thin gold layer is required for resonance at long wavelength, and making such thin layer would be almost practically impossible within the current synthesis techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: Marine Bacteria. Part. 9. Dihydrophencomycin Methyl Ester, a New Phenazine Derivative from a Marine Streptomycete. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Efficacious Immune Therapy in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Recognizes Antigens That Are Expressed on CML Progenitor Cells (2010)

Curative effects of graft-versus-leukemia-based therapies such as donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) may result from immunologic ablation of self-renewing CML progenitor cells. Patients who achieved durable remissions after DLI developed a significant B-cell lymphocytosis after treatment, which did not occur in patients who were unresponsive to DLI. In this study, we identified antigen targets of this B-cell response by probing two immunoproteomic platforms with plasma immunoglobulins from seven CML patients with clinically apparent graft-versus-leukemia responses after DLI. In total, 62 antigens elicited greater reactivity from post-DLI versus pre-DLI plasma. Microarray analysis revealed that >70% of the antigens were expressed in CML CD34(+) cells, suggesting that expression in malignant progenitor cells is a feature common to antibody targets of DLI. We confirmed elevated expression of three target antigens (RAB38, TBCE, and DUSP12) in CML that together consistently elicited antibody responses in 18 of 21 of an additional cohort of CML patients with therapeutic responses, but not in normal donors and rarely in non-CML patients. In summary, immunologic targets of curative DLI responses include multiple antigens on CML progenitor cells, identifying them as potential immunogens for vaccination and/or monitoring of immunotherapeutics designed to eliminate myeloid leukemia stem cells.
Single-detector polarization-sensitive optical frequency domain imaging using high-speed intra A-line polarization modulation (2008)

We demonstrate a novel high-speed polarization-sensitive optical frequency domain imaging system employing high-speed polarization modulation. Rapid and continuous polarization modulation of light prior to illumination of the sample is accomplished by shifting the frequency of one polarization eigenstate by an amount equal to one quarter of the digitization sampling frequency. This approach enables polarization-sensitive imaging with a single detection channel and overcomes artifacts that may arise from temporal variations of the birefringence in fiber-optic imaging probes and spatial variation of birefringence in the sample.
Clinical Outcome in KLHL24 Cardiomyopathy (2023)

Pathogenic variants in Kelch-like family member 24 ( as a new cause for skin fragility KLHL24; NM_017644.3) were recently identified and cardiomyopathy. KLHL24 is part of a ubiquitin-ligase complex and mediates substrate recognition of intermediate filaments for proteasomal degradation (ie, keratins,1,2 vimentin,2 and desmin3,4). Several studies have shown that patients with heterozygous gain-of-function variants (HET-GOF), typically born with epidermolysis bullosa simplex,1,2 can develop dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with desmin-deficiency.3 Meanwhile, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with desmin-overload has been determined in patients with homozygous loss-of-function variants (HOM-LOF).4 This meta-analysis aims to summarize the findings of previous patient studies to determine the clinical outcome in KLHL24 cardiomyopathy.
Rapid Analysis of Cocaine in Saliva by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2015)

Increases in illicit drug use and the number of emergency-room visits attributable to drug misuse or abuse highlight the need for an efficient, reliable method to detect drugs in patients in order to provide rapid and appropriate care. A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based method was successfully developed to rapidly measure cocaine in saliva at clinical concentrations, as low as 25 ng/mL. Pretreatment steps comprising chemical separation, physical separation, and solid-phase extraction were investigated to recover the analyte drug from the saliva matrix. Samples were analyzed using Fourier-transform (FT) and dispersive Raman systems, and statistical analysis of the results shows that the method is both reliable and accurate, and could be used to quantify unknown samples. The procedure requires minimal space and equipment and can be completed in less than 16 minutes. Finally, due to the inclusion of a buffer solution and the use of multiple robust pretreatment steps, with minimal further development this method could also be applied to other drugs of interest.
Cancer cells with high-metastatic potential promote a glycolytic shift in activated fibroblasts (2020)

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts and are the major stromal component in various types of malignancies. CAFs often undergo metabolic reprogramming to create an appropriate microenvironment for cancer progression. However, it remains unclear whether the metastatic properties of cancer cells affect aerobic glycolysis in stromal cells. Here, we show that gastric cancer (GC) cells with high metastatic potential strongly promote the metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis in fibroblasts. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of glycolysis-related genes, such as LDHA and ENO2, significantly changed in fibroblasts when they were cocultured with cancer cells with high metastatic potential compared to fibroblasts incubated with cancer cells with low metastatic potential. Glucose uptake, lactate production and oxygen consumption in fibroblasts were changed by coculture with GC cells with high metastatic potential. Thus, metabolic reprogramming in CAFs may reflect the metastatic properties of GC cells.
Genetic Reconstruction of the Biosynthetic Route to Tylosin-attached Deoxysugarby Heterologous Expression in Streptomyces venezuelae (2009)

Tylosin is a 16-membered macrolide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces fradiae, composed of a branched lactone ring, tylactone and three deoxysugars, mycinose, mycaminose and mycarose. Of these different deoxysugars, mycinose is attached to C-23 position of tylactone. Inthis study, the mycinose biosynthetic pathway was identified through the heterologous expression of several gene sets in an engineered strain of Streptomyces venezuelae. A plasmid harboring TDPdeoxyallose biosynthetic gene set (tylD-tylJ-tylN-desIII-desIV) wasconstructed and introduced into the S. venezuelae YJ028 bearing a deletion of native pikromycin polyketide synthase and desosamine gene cluster. As a result, deoxyallosyl-OMT and deoxyallosyl-DMT were produced from 5-O-mycaminosyl tylonolide (OMT) and demycinosyl tylosin (DMT), respectively. In addition, expression of TDP-deoxyallose biosynthetic genes plus three different sets of methyltransferase genes tylE and tylF (tylE, tylF and tylE-tylF) in theS. venezuelae YJ028 supplemented with OMT and DMT, led to the production of 2'''-or/and 3'''-methyldeoxylallosyl OMT and 2'''-or/and 3'''-methyldeoxylallosyl DMT, respectively. These results describe more precise mycinose biosynthetic pathway and biosynthetic routesto tylosin of S. fradiae.
A phase I/IIA trial of continuous five-day infusion of squalamine lactate (MSI-1256F) plus carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2003)

The combination of squalamine given continuously daily for 5 days, with paclitaxel and carboplatin given on day 1, is well tolerated. Patient survival data and the safety profile of this drug combination suggests that the use of squalamine given at its maximum tolerated dose with cytotoxic chemotherapy should be explored further as a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for patients with stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer.
Analytical Side Channel EM Models, Extending Simulation Abilities for ICs, and Linking Physical Models to Cryptographic Metrics (2023)

Electromagnetic (EM) side channel analysis (SCA) attacks have evolved to a significant threat for integrated circuits (ICs). Radiation, emanated from devices which manipulate sensitive information, carries it with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Security evaluation in design stages, from a model or from a simulation, is complicated and hard to argue for correctness. Extensive literature exist on attacks utilizing EM signals. However, both frontiers of simulatability and modeling of the radiation have shown rather little research effort in the past in the SCA context. On simulatability prior work investigated utilization of complete EM physical solvers, such as COMSOL, HFSS which require much effort from the user/engineer to model the electronic environment, or alternatively used simulated (SPICE) currents within IC’s design kits and from it provide analytical estimation. On the modeling side, efforts were mainly limited to either: a specific EM component (e.g., magnetic), very limited scope of the model, or a limited connection with real-life IC. The main contributions of this research are: 1) providing a fully analytical model of the radiated signal considering the ground plane of the substrate and the medium change from oxidation layers to other mediums, such as air or plastic, utilizing EM theory-of-images for both E and H fields; 2) providing methodologies to simulate EM signals on IC-technologies (by adapting Cadence EMX tool); and 3) demonstrating little error between the analytical and simulated models and linking cryptographic SCA security metrics to the analytical tools. The developed model provides significant added value for security architects, faster, premanufacturing evaluation and a verifiability framework through IC tool.
Rotational legged locomotion (2005)

In this paper we presented a novel, agile robot mechanism, which we call a rotopod, which combines aspects of wheeled and legged locomotion. A general description of how a tripedal rotopod can be made to step, rotating the mechanism about one leg, and moving the center of the mechanism, is presented. The concept of a gait for this mechanism is defined, and is used to show how extremely agile the mechanism can be. Specific resistance is employed as a way to explore the relative efficiency of this mechanism versus a wheel. Finally, we describe our first prototype rotopod and report on experiments conducted to characterize stepping
Dynamic Stability of Thin‐Walled Structural Members under Periodic Axial Torque (1989)

Members of framed structures which are influenced by the dynamic torsional moment from other members connected to the end of the member and structural members like the rotor of a helicopter which experience a twisting moment due to flow are studied. The dynamic stability of those members with a thin‐walled cross section under periodic follower and unidirectional axial torques is investigated. The basic equation of motion of these members becomes a Hill equation, and the parametrically excited unstable vibration occurs in this system. Stability maps of simple parametric resonance are illustrated by using the Bolotin method, and the dynamic stability of various types of members may be estimated from numerical results. The analytical method presented can be applied to analysis members with various boundary conditions and various load conditions.
Digital Item Adaptation – Coding Format Independence (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Binary Resource Adaptation Based on Bitstream Syntax Descriptions Relating Constraints, Adaptation Operations and Resource Quality Linking BSD-Based DIA Tools Universal Constraints Description Tool Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments References
[18F]FEBMP: Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of TSPO in a Model of Neuroinflammation in Rats, and in vitro Autoradiograms of the Human Brain (2015)

We evaluated the efficacy of 2-[5-(4-[(18)F]fluoroethoxy-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3(2H)-yl)-N-methyl-N-phenylacetamide] ([(18)F]FEBMP) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of translocator protein (18 kDa, TSPO). Dissection was used to determine the distribution of [(18)F]FEBMP in mice, while small-animal PET and metabolite analysis were used for a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. [(18)F]FEBMP showed high radioactivity uptake in mouse peripheral organs enriched with TSPO, and relatively high initial brain uptake (2.67 ± 0.12% ID/g). PET imaging revealed an increased accumulation of radioactivity in the infarcted striatum, with a maximum ratio of 3.20 ± 0.12, compared to non-injured striatum. Displacement with specific TSPO ligands lowered the accumulation levels in infarcts to those on the contralateral side. This suggests that the increased accumulation reflected TPSO-specific binding of [(18)F]FEBMP in vivo. Using a simplified reference tissue model, the binding potential on the infarcted area was 2.72 ± 0.27. Metabolite analysis in brain tissues showed that 83.2 ± 7.4% and 76.4 ± 2.1% of radioactivity was from intact [(18)F]FEBMP at 30 and 60 min, respectively, and that this ratio was higher than in plasma (8.6 ± 1.9% and 3.9 ± 1.1%, respectively). In vitro autoradiography on postmortem human brains showed that TSPO rs6971 polymorphism did not affect binding sites for [(18)F]FEBMP. These findings suggest that [(18)F]FEBMP is a promising new tool for visualization of neuroinflammation.
Electromagnetically Controlled Beam-Steerable Reflectarray Antenna (2023)

A beam-steerable 2 bit reflectarray antenna with an electromagnetic control mechanism is presented in this communication. The phase reflection of the proposed 2 bit reflectarray unit elements is altered by moving two pins between a patch and the ground plane. In the suggested concept, the pins are moved with electromagnetism. To prove the concept, a prototype with manually turned screws is evaluated through measurements to verify the reflectarray performance. The prototype antenna is measured to have an impedance bandwidth of more than 5 GHz. The boresight realized gain is measured to be 20 dBi at 25 GHz and a gain bandwidth is more than 2 GHz. Measurements show that the prototype antenna is able to beam-steer in a 120° range with a gain drop of less than 3 dB.
Complex modes and artificial magnetism in three-dimensional periodic arrays of titanium dioxide microspheres at millimeter waves (2012)

We characterize the modes with real and complex wavenumbers for both longitudinal and transverse polarization states (with respect to the mode traveling direction) in three dimensional (3D) periodic arrays of titanium dioxide (TiO2) microspheres in the frequency range between 250&#xA0;GHz and 350&#xA0;GHz. Modal results are computed by using a single magnetic dipole approximation (SDA) and an SDA model with correction (SDA-WC) that assumes the array to be embedded in a host with an effective permittivity computed through Maxwell Garnett formulas. Moreover, for the transverse polarization case, modal wavenumbers are computed also by fitting the full-wave simulation magnetic field (one point per unit cell) in a finite thickness structure, and their agreement and disagreement are discussed. The longitudinal polarization is not affected by the artificial correction introduced in the SDA-WC; in the transverse polarization case, instead, the correction is needed to obtain results in better agreement with the full-wave data fit. In the observed frequency range, there are one longitudinal mode and two transverse modes, one forward and one backward, where the forward one is &#x201C;dominant&#x201D; (i.e., it contributes mostly to the field in the array). Therefore, in the case of transverse polarization, we describe the composite material in terms of homogenized refractive index and relative permeability, comparing results from (i)&#xA0;modal analysis (with and without correction), (ii)&#xA0;Maxwell Garnett formulas, and (iii)&#xA0;Nicolson&#x2013;Ross&#x2013;Weir retrieval method from scattering parameters of finite thickness structures. The agreement among the different methods justifies the performed homogenization procedure in the case of transverse polarization. We show that artificial magnetism is generated from a nonmagnetic composite material.
Flow Control inaMulti-Plane Multi-Stage BufferedPacketSwitch (2007)

A large-capacity, multi-plane, multi-stage buffered packet switch, called theTrueWayswitch(1), waspreviously proposed byus.Itcanachieve hundreds ofterabits/sec capacity. A small-scale TrueWayswitch wasprototyped todemonstrate the concept andfeasibility. Threedifferent loadbalancing schemes wereinvestigated toachieve highthroughput andlowaverage delaywithamoderate speedup. Inthispaper, we focus onthe studyofoneoftheloadbalancing schemes, window-based re-sequencing scheme, without aspeedup. Itisthemostpromising oneamongthethreeintermsofperformance. Buffered switch modulesareusedindifferent stages toeliminate theneedof centralized scheduling. However, packetout-of-subsequence is inventible aspackets aredistributed todifferent pathsthathave various queuing delays. By applying flowcontrol between the input andoutput ports andlimiting there-sequencing windowsize (similar toTCP/IPflowcontrol), we areabletokeepthe implementation costtoanacceptable level whilestill providing highthroughput. Link-level flowcontrol between theswitch stages isrequired toprevent thedownstream queuesfrombeing overflowed. Theinteraction between linkflowcontrol atswitch stages andend-to-end flowcontrol atswitch ports isaninteresting problem. We showbysimulations thattheTrueWayswitch canbe engineered toachieve highthroughput without an internal speedup evenunderbursty non-uniform traffic distributions. IndexTerms - packet switch, multi-plane switch, Closnetwork
Inferring gene regulation from stochastic transcriptional variation across single cells at steady state (2022)

Regulatory relationships between transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes lie at the heart of cellular identity and function; however, uncovering these relationships is often labor-intensive and requires perturbations. Here, we propose a principled framework to systematically infer gene regulation for all TFs simultaneously in cells at steady state by leveraging the intrinsic variation in the transcriptional abundance across single cells. Through modeling and simulations, we characterize how transcriptional bursts of a TF gene are propagated to its target genes, including the expected ranges of time delay and magnitude of maximum covariation. We distinguish these temporal trends from the time-invariant covariation arising from cell states, and we delineate the experimental and technical requirements for leveraging these small but meaningful cofluctuations in the presence of measurement noise. While current technology does not yet allow adequate power for definitively detecting regulatory relationships for all TFs simultaneously in cells at steady state, we investigate a small-scale dataset to inform future experimental design. This study supports the potential value of mapping regulatory connections through stochastic variation, and it motivates further technological development to achieve its full potential.
The effect of shape properties on ad-hoc shape replication with mouse, pen, and touch input (2012)

This paper summarizes observations from four empirical studies focusing on shape replication with three input methods. The aim was to identify and assess how the components of several semi-randomly generated shapes influence how accurately untrained users can replicate each of these components. We found that the pen is the least and touch the most error-prone method when used for drawing. Additionally, the distribution of errors was analyzed. The results may be used to predict which shape properties make shape replication more difficult. Additionally, the results may be used to design shapes that are easy to replicate.