gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Détection du sixième herpès virus 6 par PCR avec transcription inverse (2000)

Les outils du diagnostic direct des infections a HHV6 sont l'isolement en culture de cellules, technique lourde et delicate, la detection d'antigenes viraux sur coupes de tissus mais surtout la detection et la quantification de l'ADN genomique. Bien qu'une forte quantite de genome viral soit probablement associee a une replication active du virus, seule la mise en evidence d'ARN messagers viraux tardifs pourrait apporter la preuve d'une telle replication. Des donnees allant dans ce sens ont ete obtenues par Gozlan et al. [1] pour le cytomegalovirus. Ces auteurs ont en effet montre une bonne valeur predictive positive de la detection d'ARN messagers viraux dans la survenue d'une infection a HCMV. Norton et al. [2] viennent de publier une etude analogue pour le HHV6. Ils ont mis au point une RT-PCR dans le cadre de lecture ouvert U100 qui correspond a un gene tardif. La detection d'ARN messager a ete effectuee parallelement a l'isolement du virus en culture de cellules et a la detection de l'ADN genomique par PCR sur 109 prelevements sanguins d'enfants qui presentaient des signes cliniques compatibles avec une primo-infection a HHV6. Parmi les 20 prelevements pour lesquels l'isolement du HHV6 et la PCR- ADN etaient positifs alors que la serologie du HHV6 etait negative, 19 etaient positifs par RT-PCR, soit une sensibilite de 95 %. Vingt-huit prelevements provenant d'enfants positifs pour la serologie du HHV6 et la PCR-ADN mais negatifs pour l'isolement du virus etaient egalement negatifs en RT-PCR indiquant un lien entre detection de l'ARN messager et replication active du virus.Ces resultats sont tres interessants car ils ouvrent la porte a l'utilisation de ce nouveau marqueur pour progresser dans la connaissance de la pathogenicite du HHV6.1. Gozlan J, Salord JM, Chouaid C, et al. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late mRNA detection in peripheral blood of Aids patients : diagnostic value for HCMV disease compared with those of viral culture and HCMV DNA detection. J Clin Microbiol 1993 ; 31 : 1943-5.2. Norton RA, Caserta MT, Breese Hall C, Schnabel K, Hocknell P, Dewhurst S. Detection of human herpesvirus 6 by reverse transcription-PCR. J Clin Microbiol 1999 ; 37 : 3672-4.
Solar light irradiated photocatalytic activity of ZnO–NiO/rGO nanocatalyst (2021)

The current study is based on the synthesis and characterization of ZnO–NiO/rGO nanohybrid for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The physicochemical properties of synthesized products were estimated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy. The diffraction data showed the formation of binary metal oxide nanocomposite, containing ZnO in hexagonal whereas NiO in the cubic crystalline phase. XRD results revealed that the calculated crystallite size of NiO and ZnO in the ZnO–NiO nanocomposite was <20 nm. The spectroscopic results were found to be in close agreement with XRD data. The morphological analysis exposed the nano-island morphology of the product. The solar light assisted photocatalytic degradation outcome showed 89% degradation of methylene blue and 51% degradation of benzimidazole under similar conditions using ZnO–NiO/rGO nanohybrid. Moreover, the experiment showed that hydroxyl radicals, electrons, and holes were the main active species during the degradation mechanism. In contrast to the ZnO–NiO nanocomposite, the ZnO–NiO/rGO nanohybrid exhibited greater degradation efficiency. This superb photocatalytic performance of ZnO–NiO/rGO nanohybrid proved to be a durable candidate in the field of catalysis.
Catechin hydrate suppresses MCF-7 proliferation through TP53/Caspase-mediated apoptosis (2010)

Catechin hydrate (CH), a strong antioxidant that scavenges radicals, is a phenolic compound that is extracted from plants and is present in natural food and drinks, such as green tea and red wine. CH possesses anticancer potential. The mechanism of action of many anticancer drugs is based on their ability to induce apoptosis. In this study, I sought to characterize the downstream apoptotic genes targeted by CH in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. CH effectively kills MCF-7 cells through induction of apoptosis. Apoptosis was confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and real-time PCR assays. Cells were exposed to 150 μg/ml CH and 300 μg/mL CH for 24 hours, which resulted in 40.7% and 41.16% apoptotic cells, respectively. Moreover, a 48-hour exposure to 150 μg/ml CH and 300 μg/ml CH resulted in 43.73% and 52.95% apoptotic cells, respectively. Interestingly, after 72 hours of exposure to both concentrations of CH, almost 100% of cells lost their integrity. These results were further confirmed by the increased expression of caspase-3,-8, and -9 and TP53 in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, as determined by real-time quantitative PCR. In summary, the induction of apoptosis by CH is affected by its ability to increase the expression of pro-apoptotic genes such as caspase-3, -8, and -9 and TP53.
<title>Impact of phosphor luminance noise on the specification of high-resolution CRT displays for medical imaging</title> (1997)

We studied the impact of CRT spot size, phosphor luminance noise and image noise on the specification of high- resolution CRT displays that address the critical needs of general chest radiography. Using Argus CRT simulation software, the design of high-resolution CRTs for the display of adult chest radiographs was studied. The simulated images were printed on a laser printer and evaluated by a board- certified radiologist, RMS. The validity of the Argus simulation was assessed by modeling a 1k X 1k pixels CRT, whose technical parameters were sufficiently well known. Comments from the observer are presented comparing the simulated 2k display and a size-matched replicate of the original screen/film image. Critical parameters like phosphor luminance efficiency and its impact on electron beam size and phosphor luminance noise and its impact on radiographic image noise are discussed. We conclude that Argus CRT simulation software can successfully model the performance of CRTs intended to display medical images permitting consideration of critical parameters without costly manufacturing trials. Based on the 2k CRT simulation results, we suggest that a low luminance noise phosphor such as type p45 be used to ensure that specifying a small spot size would yield the anticipated sharpness improvements.
Scalable methods for ultra-smooth platinum in nanoscale devices (2019)

Ultra-smooth metal structures are increasingly important in nanoscale device applications, from photonics to molecular electronics and 2D material growth. We describe three methods for achieving ultra-smooth platinum: patterned template stripping, chemical mechanical polishing and giant grain growth. Specifically, we demonstrate 1) the first use of spin-on glass as an adhesive for the transfer of a patterned platinum film via template stripping, enabling the film to be exposed to harsher solvents and at higher temperatures; 2) an updated CMP process for platinum with slurry materials that are currently available; 3) a giant grain growth process on a 4″ quartz substrate that uses a thinner Pt film than previously reported. Overall, root mean squared film roughness was decreased from ~14 Å for as-deposited platinum to <4 Å, while improving on scalability and compatibility subsequent processing of pre-existing techniques. Keywords: Nanofabrication, Nanotechnology, Molecular electronics, Planarization, Template stripping, Chemical mechanical polishing, Abnormal grain growth
Prolonged survival of dog kidney allografts induced by a monoclonal anti-Ia antibody. (1984)

Prolongation de la survie du greffon si l'organe a ete perfuse par l'anticorps monoclonal anti-Ia de souris
Sodium/beta/double prime/-alumina/organosulfur batteries operating at intermediate temperatures (1988)

Concurrent with impressive advances in advanced batteries operating at high temperatures such as the Na/Na/sub 2/S/sub x/ and Li/FeS systems, have been concerns over safety and reliability of such batteries. Accordingly, various efforts have been made to offer alternative high specific energy/power batteries operating at reduced temperatures. However, since electrode kinetics and mass transport processes in batteries are thermally activated, lower temperature systems often present a compromise between lower power output, and enhanced reliability, safety, and economic factors. Fortunately, lower temperature systems also offer far more flexibility in cell design, allowing geometries with higher electrode surface area than would be feasible with high temperature systems, thereby reducing the necessary current densities for acceptable power output. The sodium/organosulfur cells discussed in the following paper are based on the well known Na/beta/double prime/-alumina/Na/sub 2/S/sub x/ battery technology. However, in the present cells the sodium polysulfide electrode which has an operating temperature of 300 to 350/degree/C has been replaced with an organosulfur electrode which is limited at the low temperature limit by the melting point of sodium (approx.100/degree/C). 10 refs., 5 figs.
Control of anterior GR adient 2 ( AGR 2) dimerization links endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis to inflammation (2019)

Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) is a dimeric protein disulfide isomerase family member involved in the regulation of protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mouse AGR2 deletion increases intestinal inflammation and promotes the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although these biological effects are well established, the underlying molecular mechanisms of AGR2 function toward inflammation remain poorly defined. Here, using a protein-protein interaction screen to identify cellular regulators of AGR2 dimerization, we unveiled specific enhancers, including TMED2, and inhibitors of AGR2 dimerization, that control AGR2 functions. We demonstrate that modulation of AGR2 dimer formation, whether enhancing or inhibiting the process, yields pro-inflammatory phenotypes, through either autophagy-dependent processes or secretion of AGR2, respectively. We also demonstrate that in IBD and specifically in Crohn's disease, the levels of AGR2 dimerization modulators are selectively deregulated, and this correlates with severity of disease. Our study demonstrates that AGR2 dimers act as sensors of ER homeostasis which are disrupted upon ER stress and promote the secretion of AGR2 monomers. The latter might represent systemic alarm signals for pro-inflammatory responses.
Understanding and Accelerating Particle-Based Variational Inference (2018)

Particle-based variational inference methods (ParVIs) have gained attention in the Bayesian inference literature, for their capacity to yield flexible and accurate approximations. We explore ParVIs from the perspective of Wasserstein gradient flows, and make both theoretical and practical contributions. We unify various finite-particle approximations that existing ParVIs use, and recognize that the approximation is essentially a compulsory smoothing treatment, in either of two equivalent forms. This novel understanding reveals the assumptions and relations of existing ParVIs, and also inspires new ParVIs. We propose an acceleration framework and a principled bandwidth-selection method for general ParVIs; these are based on the developed theory and leverage the geometry of the Wasserstein space. Experimental results show the improved convergence by the acceleration framework and enhanced sample accuracy by the bandwidth-selection method.
Ultrafast Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of Aloesaponarin I (2012)

Time-resolved emission of aloesaponarin I was studied with the fluorescence up-conversion and time-correlated single-photon-counting techniques. The rates of the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, of the solvent and molecular rearrangements, and of the decay from the excited proton-transferred species were determined and interpreted in the light of time-dependent density functional calculations. These results were discussed in conjunction with UV protection and singlet-oxygen quenching activity of aloe.
Multimodality molecular imaging of the lung (2010)

The continued progression of chronic lung disease despite current treatment options has led to the increasing evaluation of molecular imaging tools for diagnosis, treatment planning, drug discovery, and therapy monitoring. Concurrently the development of multimodality positron emission tomography (PET) / computed tomography (CT), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/PET scanners has opened the potential for more sophisticated imaging biomarker probes. Here we review the potential uses of multimodality imaging tools, the established uses of molecular imaging in nononcologic lung pathophysiology and drug discovery, and some of the technical challenges in multimodality molecular imaging of the lung.
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and computational modeling reveal a discontinuous epitope of an antibody/TL1A Interaction (2017)

TL1A, a tumor necrosis factor-like cytokine, is a ligand for the death domain receptor DR3. TL1A, upon binding to DR3, can stimulate lymphocytes and trigger secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, blockade of TL1A/DR3 interaction may be a potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recently, the anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody 1 (mAb1) with a strong potency in blocking the TL1A/DR3 interaction was identified. Here, we report on the use of hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to obtain molecular-level details of mAb1′s binding epitope on TL1A. HDX coupled with electron-transfer dissociation MS provided residue-level epitope information. The HDX dataset, in combination with solvent accessible surface area (SASA) analysis and computational modeling, revealed a discontinuous epitope within the predicted interaction interface of TL1A and DR3. The epitope regions span a distance within the approximate size of the variable domains of mAb1′s heavy and light chains, indicating it uses a unique mechanism of action to block the TL1A/DR3 interaction.
Low‐Frequency Ultrasound Effects on Intracellular Barriers in Nonviral Gene Delivery Processes (2013)

Abstract Gene therapy, the expression in cells of genetic material with therapeutic activity, has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment or prevention of human diseases. At the present time, major somatic gene‐transfer approaches employ either viral or nonviral vectors. Nonviral vectors are less efficient at introducing and maintaining foreign gene expression, but have the profound advantage of being nonpathogenic and nonimmunogenic. In this study, we aimed to develop an efficient nonviral gene delivery system in which low‐frequency ultrasound (LFUS) was applied to enhance gene expression of polyplexes formed with poly(2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and plasmid encoding for green fluorescent protein. Ultrasound (US), and in particular LFUS, can cause temporary membrane permeabilization and thereby enhance drug and gene entrance into viable cells. We evaluated possible additional favorable effects of LFUS on the polyplex transfection process, such as overcoming intracellular barriers. We found that pDMAEMA protected the plasmid DNA from ultrasonic degradation. Atomic force microscopy analysis also confirmed that the LFUS did not change the polyplexes’ morphology. We also attained an insight into the structure of polyplexes during LFUS exposure and found that LFUS induced a temporary partial detachment between the polymer chains and the plasmid. In addition, LFUS application on ovarian carcinoma cells transfected with the polyplexes induced a 27% enhancement in transfection efficiency. Based on these results, we propose that LFUS enhances the decomplexation of the polyplexes, and therefore, can be used to optimize transfection efficiency.
Response to “An innovative mesothelioma treatment based on mir-16 mimic loaded EGFR targeted minicells (TargomiRs)” (2018)

We thank Drs. Viteri and Rosell for their thoughtful comments on our paper “Safety and activity of microRNAloaded mini-cells in patients with recurrent malignant pleural mesothelioma: a first-in-man, phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study” published in the October 2017 issue of Lancet Oncology (1).
High Energy Ordered Mixture for Improving the Dissolution Rate of Sparingly Soluble Compounds (1994)

Bioavailability of a sparingly soluble drug is often limited by the rate of dissolution of the drug substance. The drug in a micronized form is generally employed to maximize the bioavailability. However, the micronized drugs tend to agglomerates and do not always exhibit an improved dissolution rate. In this study, a simple processing using a high energy mill was demonstrated as an effective means to utilize the entire surface area available for drug release of the micronized drug. An experimental hydrophobic drug in a micronized form was milled with a carrier, hydrous lactose using Micropulverizer to achieve a uniform mixture so-called “high energy ordered mixture”. The high energy ordered mixture provided a contact surface area taking part in dissolution 4-fold greater than the micronized drug agglomerates. Therefore, the dissolution was significantly improved, irrespective of test parameters such as agitation and the presence of surfactant. This high energy ordered mixture provided the advantages over a simple ordered mixture for: (i) complete deaggregation of the micronized drug to fine primary particles, (ii) improving the efficiency of the carrier by increasing contact surface area, and (iii) enhancing the bonding effect between the drug and lactose particles due to free water molecules released from the crystal lattices of hydrous lactose during milling. This procedure could be applied to overcome dissolution problems of sparingly soluble drugs with cohesive nature.
Synedrella nodiflora Extract Depresses Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Chemically-Induced In Vitro Seizures in the Rat Hippocampus (2021)

Extracts of the tropical Cinderella plant <i>Synedrella nodiflora</i> are used traditionally to manage convulsive conditions in the West African sub-region. This study sought to determine the neuronal basis of the effectiveness of these plant extracts to suppress seizure activity. Using the hippocampal slice preparation from rats, the ability of the extract to depress excitatory synaptic transmission and <i>in vitro</i> seizure activity were investigated. Bath perfusion of the hydro-ethanolic extract of <i>Synedrella nodiflora</i> (SNE) caused a concentration-dependent depression of evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) recorded extracellularly in the CA1 region of the hippocampus with maximal depression of about 80% and an estimated IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.06 mg/ml. The SNE-induced fEPSP depression was accompanied by an increase in paired pulse facilitation. The fEPSP depression only recovered partially after 20 min washing out. The effect of SNE was not stimulus dependent as it was present even in the absence of synaptic stimulation. Furthermore, it did not show desensitization as repeat application after 10 min washout produced the same level of fEPSP depression as the first application. The SNE effect on fEPSPs was not via adenosine release as it was neither blocked nor reversed by 8-CPT, an adenosine A<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist. In addition, SNE depressed <i>in vitro</i> seizures induced by zero Mg<sup>2+</sup> and high K<sup>+</sup> -containing artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) in a concentration-dependent manner. The results show that SNE depresses fEPSPs and spontaneous bursting activity in hippocampal neurons that may underlie its ability to abort convulsive activity in persons with epilepsy.
Enhancement of the Stimulated Brillouin Scattering of Higher-Order Acoustic Modes in Hole-Assisted Fibers (2007)

By using an accurate numerical method we show that both the higher-order peaks and main peak of the SBS in hole-assisted-fibers can be enhanced by more than 3-dB, by appropriate selection of the design parameters.
Properties of the micelles of sulfonated methyl esters determined from the stepwise thinning of foam films and by rheological measurements (2020)

This is the final peer-reviewed manuscript accepted for publication in <em>Journal of Colloid and Interface Science.</em> Citation of the published version is: <em>Journal of Colloid and Interface Science </em>538, 660-670 (2019).
Mechanisms of Recurrent Functional Mitral Regurgitation After Mitral Valve Repair in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy (2009)

Posterior leaflet tethering is invariable after mitral annuloplasty, rendering postoperative mitral competence highly dependent on distal anterior leaflet mobility.
Agreement between intraoperative and magnetic resonance imaging assessments of rotator cuff pathology and 2 magnetic resonance imaging-based assessments of supraspinatus muscle atrophy (2022)

Correlations of preoperative MRI tear dimensions and muscle atrophy assessed by conventional approaches with intraoperatively measured tear dimensions and quantitative occupation ratio, respectively, were only fair. Since tear size and muscle atrophy are known strong predictors of outcomes following rotator cuff repair that may influence treatment decisions, surgeons need to be aware of the limitations of MRI methods. Continued development and validation of quantitative preoperative imaging methods to accurately assess these parameters are needed to improve surgical planning and prognosis.
Spin-torque generation using a compositional gradient at the interface between titanium and tungsten thin films (2023)

We experimentally demonstrate spin-torque generation using a compositional gradient at the interface between titanium and tungsten thin films. The width of the compositional gradient interface (CGI) between films is varied from 1.4 to 2.0 nm via sputtering. Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance is observed in the ferromagnetic ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{95}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{5}$ alloy fabricated on a Ti/W bilayer with the CGI. The positive spin torque increases with decreasing CGI width, but a negative spin torque is superimposed owing to the negative spin Hall effect in bulk tungsten. A structural undulation in the CGI eliminates this variation in positive spin torque. The CGI width dependence of the spin torque is associated with the generation of spin and/or orbital angular momentum flow at the CGI. Spin-torque generation using a CGI expands the range of material choice for magnetic nonvolatile memory applications.