gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of the novel oral prostacyclin receptor agonist selexipag in subjects with hepatic or renal impairment (2016)

Based on these observations, the PK data suggest that the clinically used starting dose needs no adjustments in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment or SRFI. However, doses should be up-titrated with caution in these patients. The small number of subjects limits the interpretation of selexipag PK in subjects with severe hepatic impairment.
Multiple Membrane-Cytoplasmic Domain Contacts in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Mediate Regulation of Channel Gating (2008)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a unique ATP-binding cassette (ABC) ion channel mutated in patients with cystic fibrosis. The most common mutation, deletion of phenylalanine 508 (DeltaF508) and many other disease-associated mutations occur in the nucleotide binding domains (NBD) and the cytoplasmic loops (CL) of the membrane-spanning domains (MSD). A recently constructed computational model of the CFTR three-dimensional structure, supported by experimental data (Serohijos, A. W., Hegedus, T., Aleksandrov, A. A., He, L., Cui, L., Dokholyan, N. V., and Riordan, J. R. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105, 3256-3261) revealed that several of these mutations including DeltaF508 disrupted interfaces between these domains. Here we have used cysteine cross-linking experiments to verify all NBD/CL interfaces predicted by the structural model and observed that their cross-linking has a variety of different effects on channel gating. The interdomain contacts comprise aromatic clusters important for stabilization of the interfaces and also involve the Q-loops and X-loops that are in close proximity to the ATP binding sites. Cross-linking of all domain-swapping contacts between NBDs and MSD cytoplasmic loops in opposite halves of the protein rapidly and reversibly arrest single channel gating while those in the same halves have lesser impact. These results reinforce the idea that mediation of regulatory signals between cytoplasmic- and membrane-integrated domains of the CFTR channel apparently relies on an array of precise but highly dynamic interdomain structural joints.
Thrombospondin‐4 regulates fibrosis and remodeling of the myocardium in response to pressure overload (2012)

Thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) expression increases dramatically in hypertrophic and failing hearts in rodent models and in humans. The aim of this study was to address the function of TSP-4 in the heart. TSP-4-knockout (Thbs4(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to increase left ventricle load. After 2 wk, Thbs4(-/-) mice had a significantly higher heart weight/body weight ratio than WT mice. The additional increase in the heart weight in TAC Thbs4(-/-) mice was due to increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). The levels of interstitial collagens were higher in the knockout mice, but the size of cardiomyocytes and apoptosis in the myocardium was unaffected by TSP-4 deficiency, suggesting that increased reactive fibrosis was the primary cause of the higher heart weight. The increased ECM deposition in Thbs4(-/-) mice was accompanied by changes in functional parameters of the heart and decreased vessel density. The expression of inflammatory and fibrotic genes known to be influential in myocardial remodeling changed as a result of TSP-4 deficiency in vivo and as a result of incubation of cells with recombinant TSP-4 in vitro. Thus, TSP-4 is involved in regulating the adaptive responses of the heart to pressure overload, suggesting its important role in myocardial remodeling. Our study showed a direct influence of TSP-4 on heart function and to identify the mechanism of its effects on heart remodeling.
Front Matter: Volume 9921 (2016)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 9921, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.
Predictors of use of pain medications for persistent knee pain after primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: a cohort study using an institutional joint registry (2012)

Female gender and younger age were associated with higher risk of use of NSAIDs and opioids after primary TKA. Depression was associated with higher NSAID use and anxiety with higher opioid pain medication use after primary TKA.
Stochastic Resolution of Identity for Real-Time Second-Order Green’s Function: Ionization Potential and Quasi-Particle Spectrum (2019)

We develop a stochastic resolution of identity approach to the real-time second-order Green's function (real-time sRI-GF2) theory, extending our recent work for imaginary-time Matsubara Green's function [ Takeshita et al. <i>J. Chem. Phys.</i> 2019 , 151 , 044114 ]. The approach provides a framework to obtain the quasi-particle spectra across a wide range of frequencies and predicts ionization potentials and electron affinities. To assess the accuracy of the real-time sRI-GF2, we study a series of molecules and compare our results to experiments as well as to a many-body perturbation approach based on the GW approximation, where we find that the real-time sRI-GF2 is as accurate as self-consistent GW. The stochastic formulation reduces the formal computatinal scaling from <i>O</i>(<i>N</i><sub>e</sub><sup>5</sup>) down to <i>O</i>(<i>N</i><sub>e</sub><sup>3</sup>) where <i>N</i><sub>e</sub> is the number of electrons. This is illustrated for a chain of hydrogen dimers, where we observe a slightly lower than cubic scaling for systems containing up to <i>N</i><sub>e</sub> ≈ 1000 electrons.
Spatially Averaging Electrodes (2009)

In contrast to many optical techniques, both the potentiometric and voltammetric measurement approach are only capable of reporting the concentration of the analyte of the sample solution that exists adjacent to the diffusion layer. Therefore, electrochemical measurement techniques in general cannot be used to assess 3D averaged bulk concentrations of inhomogeneous samples. This may pose a problem in very small samples which cannot be optically analyzed and where homogenization by stirring is difficult. We discuss the concept of spatially averaging electrodes that can, due to their designed geometry, report 3D spatially averaged bulk concentration of inhomogeneous samples that have some type of symmetry. Within a given type of symmetry an infinite variation of concentration distributions may exist. Electrode geometries for samples with two different types of symmetries, hemispherical and cylindrical, are discussed. Alternate designs with intrinsic redundancies to correct for any systematic errors in the measurement are also shown.
Soft-trilinear constraints for improved quantitation in multivariate curve resolution (2019)

Nowadays, hyphenated chemical analysis methods like GC/MS, LC/MS, or HPLC with UV/Vis diode array detection are widely used. These methods produce a data matrix of mixtures measured during the analytical process. When a set of samples is to be analyzed with one data matrix per sample, the data is often presumed to have "trilinear" structure if the profile for each compound does not change shape or position from one sample to the other. By applying this information as a trilinearity constraint in Self Modeling Curve Resolution (SMCR) methods, overlapping peaks related to the pure compounds of interest can be resolved in a unique way. In practice, many systems have non-trilinear behavior due to deviation from ideal response, for example, a sample matrix effect or changes in instrumental response (e.g., shifts or changes in the shape of chromatographic peaks). In such cases, the trilinear model is not valid because every analyte does not have the same peak shape or position in every sample. In such cases, the unique profiles obtained by strictly enforced trilinearity constraints will not necessarily produce true profiles because the data set does not follow the assumed trilinear behavior. In this work, we introduce "soft-trilinearity constraints" to permit peak profiles of given components to have small deviations in their shape and position in different samples. The advantages and disadvantages of this approach are compared to other methods like PARAFAC2. We illustrate the influence of soft-trilinearity constraints on the accuracy of SMCR results for the case of a 3-component simulated system and an experimental data set. The results show that implementing soft-trilinearity constraints reduces the range of possible solutions considerably compared to the application of constraints such as just non-negativity. In addition, we show that the application of hard-trilinearity constraints can lead to solutions that are completely wrong or exclude the opportunity of a possible solution at all.
Immunity to Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Young Adults: Correlation of Bactericidal and Opsonizing Activity of Serum with Antibody to Polyribosylribitol Phosphate and Lipooligosaccharide Before and After Vaccination (1986)

Naturally acquired humoral immunity is thought to protect adults against serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Antibody to the polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) capsule is generally considered protective; antibody to lipooligosaccharide (LOS) or outer membrane protein (OMP) may also play a role. Serum from 23 of 50 healthy young adults had no bactericidal effect (BE) against Hib yet opsonized these organisms for approximately 30% uptake by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The degree of bactericidal and opsonizing activity in serum from the other 27 subjects generally correlated with the level of antibody to PRP but not to LOS or OMP. However, serum from some individuals had levels of antibody to PRP as high as 4.9 micrograms/ml without BE, and seven of 27 subjects with BE had antibody levels of less than 1 microgram/ml. After vaccination with 20 micrograms of conjugated PRP, the level of antibody to PRP was greater than 5 micrograms/ml in all 50 subjects. BE appeared in 22 of those who originally lacked it, and opsonization increased to approximately 50%.
Biomechanical response of human liver in tensile loading. (2010)

Motor vehicle collisions commonly result in serious life threatening liver injuries. Although finite element models are becoming an integral tool in the reduction of automotive related liver injuries, the establishment of accurate material models and tissue level tolerance values is critical for accurate injury risk assessment. This study presents a total of 51 tension tests performed on human liver parenchyma at various loading rates in order to characterize the viscoelastic and failure properties of human liver. Standard dog-bone coupons were obtained from fresh human livers and tested within 48 hours of death. Each coupon was tested once to failure at one of four loading rates (0.008 s(-1), 0.089 s(-1), 0.871 s(-1), and 9.477 s(-1)) to investigate the effects of rate dependence. Load and acceleration data were obtained from each of the specimen grips. High-speed video and optical markers placed on the specimens were used to measure local displacement. Failure stress and strain were calculated at the location of failure in the gage length of the coupon. The results of the study showed that liver parenchyma is rate dependent, with higher rate tests giving higher failure stresses and lower failure strains. The failure strains for all tests ranged from 11% to 54% and the failure stresses ranged from 7 kPa to 95 kPa. This study provides novel biomechanical data that can be used in the development of both rate dependent material models and tissue level tolerance values critical for the validation of finite element models used to assess injury risk in automobile collisions.
Whole-body dual-ring OpenPET for in-beam particle therapy imaging (2014)

The OpenPET is our original idea that realizes the world's first open-type 3D PET scanner for PET-image guided particle therapy such as in situ dose verification and direct tumor tracking. Even with a full-ring geometry, the OpenPET has an open gap between its 2 detector rings through which the treatment beam passes. Following our initial 2008 proposal, we developed a small prototype in 2010 to show a proof-of-concept. Now, we report the development of a prototype whole-body OpenPET. The key technology which enabled the OpenPET realization is our original, 4-layered depth-of-interaction detector. In order to measure a radiation from the limited activity produced though fragmentation reactions, Zr-doped GSO (GSOZ), which contains less natural radioactivity, was chosen for the scintillators instead of Lu-based scintillators although timing performance was compromised. In order to compensate for the limited light yield, on the other hand, we used 64-channel flat-panel PMTs with a super-bialkali photocathode, which had a 30% higher quantum efficiency. In order to enable stable in-beam PET measurement even under high background radiations, voltage divider circuits were designed to provide 5 times higher linearity. Additionally, to avoid severe radiation damage, we did not use gain control ASICs in the front-end circuits, and position analyzer circuits were placed with a 15-m cable extension. The prototype consists of 2 detector rings, and each detector ring has 2 sub-rings of 40 detectors. Each detector consists of 16 × 16 × 4 array of GSOZ (2.8 × 2.8 × 7.5mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ). The portable gantry has a compact design; each detector ring has a 940 mm outer diameter and 171 mm thickness for the detector inner bore of 640 mm diameter and 113 mm thickness. The system was tested with a carbon beam irradiation at a clinical intensity. Phantom images were obtained by applying a GPGPU-based, list mode iterative reconstruction algorithm with geometrical detector response modeling.
Stress-Related Injuries Around the Lesser Trochanter in Long-Distance Runners (2008)

Long-distance runners with hip or groin pain and abnormal MRI findings involving the insertion of the iliopsoas tendon and marrow edema in the lesser trochanter may be at risk of stress injuries at the femoral neck.
Such as pigs eat: the rise and fall of the pannage pig in the UK (2013)

Mast-feeding systems once formed the mainstay of pork production across Europe, but have now largely been forgotten. One of the earliest farming practices, it allowed people to fatten pigs on an otherwise wasted resource. Mast feeding was vital in the ancient world: Rome, Saxon England and the Normans all relied heavily on woodland pigs. As time and technology advanced, mast systems became outmoded and fell into disuse. However, recent public interest in improved animal welfare and sustainable agriculture, combined with anecdotal reports of improved flavour, has once again brought mast feeding into the spotlight. This article chronicles the changes in popularity and perception of mast-feeding systems throughout history, and uses the historical perspective to outline a possible future for woodland pigs.
Modeling and Validation of the Radial Force Capability of Bearingless Hysteresis Drives (2018)

The hysteresis motor technology combined with the magnetic suspension makes bearingless hysteresis drives very appealing for high- and ultra-high-speed applications. Such systems exploit the magnetic behavior of the rotor material to achieve mechanical torque, but the hysteresis can significantly influence the magnetic suspension performance. The literature so far has focused mainly on the motor investigation. On the bearing side, the design and the performance assessment have been carried out by neglecting the hysteresis phenomenon of the rotor material. In those cases, the hysteresis of the rotor material is negligible and hence it slightly affects the force generation. In a wider perspective, this paper intends to investigate the force capability of electromagnetic actuators based on materials of large magnetic hysteresis behavior. To this purpose, the proposed numerical model, based on the finite element method, accounts for the magnetic hysteresis. The experimental results confirm the validity of the modeling approach, thus providing a useful tool for the design as well as the investigation of such systems.
Synchronous broadcast messaging (2006)

IBM Community Tools (ICT) is a synchronous broadcast messaging system in use by a very large, globally distributed organization. ICT is interesting for a number of reasons, including its scale of use (thousands of users per day), its usage model of employing large scale broadcast to strangers to initiate small group interactions, and the fact that it is a synchronous system used across multiple time zones. In this paper we characterize the use of ICT in its context, examine the activities for which it is used, the motivations of its users, and the values they derive from it. We also explore problems with the system, and look at the social and technical ways in which users deal with them.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 4‐Arylidene‐2‐oxazolin‐5‐ones by Using N,N‐Dimethylchlorosulfite Methaniminium Chloride as a Cyclodehydrating Agent. (1990)

Abstract The iminium salt (II), prepared by reaction of DMF with thionyl chloride, is coupled with N‐acylamino acids such as (I) to give the oxazolines (IV) via the intermediates (III).
Bioactivity of a Poly(70lactic-<i>co</i>-30glycolic acid)/15CaO-85SiO<sub>2</sub> Composite with a Dual Pore Structure (2013)

The low crystalline hydroxyl carbonate apatite forming capacity of a poly (70lactic- co -30glycolic acid)/15CaO-85SiO 2 composite, which had a dual pore structure, was newly examined in simulated body fluid. The bioactive 15CaO-85SiO 2 particles were synthesized by a sol-gel method using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate under acidic condition followed by the heat treatment at 600°C for 3h. The poly (70lactic- co -30glycolic acid)/15CaO-85SiO 2 composite was then prepared by a solvent casting using dimethylformide as a solvent. The composite was loaded into a high pressure chamber and then carbon dioxide gas was introduced achieving a final pressure of 20 MPa. After 3 days, carbon dioxide gas was released quickly and resultantly the dual pore structure was obtained. The samples were observed by FE-SEM and its bioactivity was tested in simulated body fluid.
Resolution, a Gedanken tale: Sampling, blueness and noise (2009)

Resolution is of the essence in many different fields and in many different formats. In exploration seismology, it is generally assumed that the bandwidth of the seismic wavelet is the parameter that dictates the limit of achievable resolution. In other words, if the cut‐off frequency is 100Hz, there is no point in sampling at less than 4ms. Following an initially Gedanken experiment, we show in this paper that, in fact, achievable resolution is not dictated by the wavelet. Sampling at intervals which are less than the corresponding wavelet Nyquist frequency, together with a sparse inversion algorithm, can provide a very useful scenario. Resolution has much to do with other factors. The statistics of the reflectivity sequence is one of these and, naturally, noise is another. We discuss both of these issues here. We deliberate on the question of “why is the reflectivity blue?” and we provide an answer in terms of a fractal layering. Noise is dealt with in a Gedanken manner and we discuss what we believe the future of noise holds in store.
DominantKCNA2mutation causes episodic ataxia and pharmacoresponsive epilepsy (2016)

A KCNA2 mutation caused dominantly inherited episodic ataxia, mild infantile-onset seizures, and later generalized and focal epilepsies in the setting of normal intellect. This observation expands the KCNA2 phenotypic spectrum from EE often associated with chronic ataxia, reflecting the marked variation in severity observed in many ion channel disorders.
Prototyping of Microfluidic Devices in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Using Solid-Object Printing (2002)

A solid-object printer was used to produce masters for the fabrication of microfluidic devices in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The printer provides an alternative to photolithography for applications where features of > 250 microm are needed. Solid-object printing is capable of delivering objects that have dimensions as large as 250 x 190 x 200 mm (x, y, z) with feature sizes that can range from 10 cm to 250 microm. The user designs a device in 3-D in a CAD program, and the CAD file is used by the printer to fabricate a master directly without the need for a mask. The printer can produce complex structures, including multilevel features, in one unattended printing. The masters are robust and inexpensive and can be fabricated rapidly. Once a master was obtained, a PDMS replica was fabricated by molding against it and used to fabricate a microfluidic device. The capabilities of this method are demonstrated by fabricating devices that contain multilevel and tall features, devices that cover a large area (approximately 150 cm2), and devices that contain nonintersecting, crossing channels.
Gözü KapalSimge HzKestirim i: ki BasamaklBir Algoritma Blind Symbol Rate Estimation: A Two Stage Algorithm (2009)

Blind symbol rate estimation is performed in three stages; coarse estimation, fine estimation and timing recovery. In this paper, a two stage algorithm is proposed to estimate the symbol rate for raised cosine pulse shaped linearly modulated single carrier signals in slightly dispersive channels. The first stage of the algorithm is based on inverse Fourier transform (IFT) followed by a polynomial fitting block. The performance of the algorithm increases with larger oversampling rates. The performance of the algorithm is considerably good for low signal-to-noise (SNR) values. The second stage of the algorithm is the fine estimation stage and cyclic correlation based algorithm is used for this purpose. The performance of the cyclic correlation based method with low excess bandwidth conditions is increased using the estimation from the first stage and the success rate of the estimation block is increased to 100% even for low excess bandwidths. The third stage of the algorithm consists of timing recovery algorithms. Since we do not have specific contributions in this area, those kind of algorithms will not be discussed in this work. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm are compared to the algorithms available in the literature.
Wideband and group index independent coupling to slow light slotted photonic crystal waveguides with adiabatic group index taper and mode matching (2012)

We experimentally demonstrate highly efficient coupling into a slotted-photonic crystal waveguide featuring a nearly flat transmission spectrum with lowest insertion loss ∼2.4dB.