gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of Slo2.1 channels by niflumic acid (2010)

Slo2.1 channels conduct an outwardly rectifying K(+) current when activated by high [Na(+)](i). Here, we show that gating of these channels can also be activated by fenamates such as niflumic acid (NFA), even in the absence of intracellular Na(+). In Xenopus oocytes injected with <10 ng cRNA, heterologously expressed human Slo2.1 current was negligible, but rapidly activated by extracellular application of NFA (EC(50) = 2.1 mM) or flufenamic acid (EC(50) = 1.4 mM). Slo2.1 channels activated by 1 mM NFA exhibited weak voltage dependence. In high [K(+)](e), the conductance-voltage (G-V) relationship had a V(1/2) of +95 mV and an effective valence, z, of 0.48 e. Higher concentrations of NFA shifted V(1/2) to more negative potentials (EC(50) = 2.1 mM) and increased the minimum value of G/G(max) (EC(50) = 2.4 mM); at 6 mM NFA, Slo2.1 channel activation was voltage independent. In contrast, V(1/2) of the G-V relationship was shifted to more positive potentials when [K(+)](e) was elevated from 1 to 300 mM (EC(50) = 21.2 mM). The slope conductance measured at the reversal potential exhibited the same [K(+)](e) dependency (EC(50) = 23.5 mM). Conductance was also [Na(+)](e) dependent. Outward currents were reduced when Na(+) was replaced with choline or mannitol, but unaffected by substitution with Rb(+) or Li(+). Neutralization of charged residues in the S1-S4 domains did not appreciably alter the voltage dependence of Slo2.1 activation. Thus, the weak voltage dependence of Slo2.1 channel activation is independent of charged residues in the S1-S4 segments. In contrast, mutation of R190 located in the adjacent S4-S5 linker to a neutral (Ala or Gln) or acidic (Glu) residue induced constitutive channel activity that was reduced by high [K(+)](e). Collectively, these findings indicate that Slo2.1 channel gating is modulated by [K(+)](e) and [Na(+)](e), and that NFA uncouples channel activation from its modulation by transmembrane voltage and intracellular Na(+).
Smart Power Devices Nanotechnology (2017)

The scope of this chapter is to present the state of the art of the available power devices, highlighting the main potential and limitation and indicating the path for the future materials and device technology that will be required to meet the request for a green energy world. Starting with a general introduction on the role of power electronics in nanoelectronics, a summary of the main advances in device technology will then be presented. Advanced new Si technologies, new power device based on silicon carbide (SiC), and gallium nitride (GaN) will be described in detail, highlighting the main potential and limitation of the different technologies. The main challenges for the availability of new materials and new substrates will also be discussed. These materials and substrates need to be available with very high quality and at low cost. This study will highlight the main issues, which are limiting the production of reliable devices in applications where, next to efficiency, reliability is also a must (automotive, satellite, etc.).
Outcomes for patients with HCV after liver transplantation in Korea: a multicenter study (2016)

Patent survival rates of HCV patients after LT in Korea were comparable with other countries.
Addressing Charge‐Transfer and Locally‐Excited States in a Twisted Biphenyl Push‐Pull Chromophore (2019)

We present the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a twisted push-pull biphenyl molecule undergoing photoinduced electron transfer. Steady-state and transient absorption spectra suggest, in this rigid molecular structure, a subtle interplay between locally-excited and charge-transfer states, whose equilibrium and dynamics is only driven by solvation. A theoretical model is presented for the solvation dynamics and, with the support of quantum chemical calculations, we demonstrate the existence of two sets of states, having either local or charge-transfer character, that only "communicate" thanks to solvation, which is the sole driving force for the charge-separation process.
Predicted electronic markers for polytypes of LaOBiS2 examined via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2017)

The natural periodic stacking of symmetry-inequivalent planes in layered compounds can lead to the formation of natural superlattices; albeit close in total energy, (thus in their thermodynamic stability), such polytype superlattices can exhibit different structural symmetries, thus have markedly different electronic properties which can in turn be used as ``structural markers''. We illustrate this general principle on the layered $\mathrm{LaOBi}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ compound where density-functional theory (DFT) calculations on the ($\mathrm{Bi}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$)/(LaO)/($\mathrm{Bi}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$) polytype superlattices reveal both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct electronic structure markers associated with the Rashba physics, yet the total energies are only \ensuremath{\sim} 0.1 meV apart. This opens the exciting possibility of identifying subtle structural features via electronic markers. We show that the pattern of removal of band degeneracies in different polytypes by the different forms of symmetry breaking leads to Rashba ``minigaps'' with characteristic Rashba parameters that can be determined from spectroscopy, thereby narrowing down the physically possible polytypes. By identifying these distinct DFT-predicted fingerprints via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements on $\mathrm{LaBiO}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ we found the dominant polytype with small amounts of mixtures of other polytypes. This conclusion, consistent with neutron scattering results, establishes ARPES detection of theoretically established electronic markers as a powerful tool to delineate energetically quasidegenerate polytypes.
High-Q and Capacitance Ratio Multilayer Metal-on-Piezoelectric RF MEMS Varactors (2014)

This letter documents the design and characterization of integrated and continuously tuned, radio frequency multilayer metal noncontact varactors with low-power, large-displacement, thin-film lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuators. The devices, with capacitances in the 0.019-0.23-pF range, achieved high quality factors at the maximum capacitance state (Q = 100 at 8.7 GHz) and tuning ratios as high as 11.6:1 at 20 V actuation with nW-power consumption. The devices utilize three electroplated copper (Cu) layers ( ~10 μm per layer) directly fabricated on PZT microelectromechanical system actuators.
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Path-following MPC for Vehicle Guidance: A Bayesian Optimization Approach (2021)

This paper tackles the multi-objective optimization of the cost functional of a path-following model predictive control for vehicle longitudinal and lateral control. While the inherent optimal character of the model predictive control and the direct consideration of constraints gives a very powerful tool for many applications, is the determination of an appropriate cost functional a non-trivial task. This results on the one hand from the number of degrees of freedom or the multitude of adjustable parameters and on the other hand from the coupling of these. To overcome this situation a Bayesian optimization procedure is present, which gives the possibility to determine optimal cost functional parameters for a given desire. Moreover, a Pareto-front for a whole set of possible configurations can be computed.
Synthesis and Functionalization of Novel Tetrathia[7]helicenes as New Push—Pull Systems (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Combined Hyperspectral and Optical Coherence Tomography Microscope for Non-invasive Hemodynamic Imaging (2009)

Hyperspectral microscopy of hemoglobin oxygenation and optical coherence microscopy of three-dimensional microvessel morphology and blood velocity was demonstrated in growing tumors in the mouse skin fold window chamber.
Hysteresis temperature dependence in filled rubbers. II. Mechanical mixing, filler microdispersion, and polymer–filler interactions (2008)

Abstract The effects of mechanical mixing and filler–filler (F–F) and polymer–filler (P–F) interactions on the normalized state of a filler microdispersion [ d ( x )] and the viscoelastic properties of silica‐filled rubbers were studied. The rubbers were prepared with or without the addition of n ‐octyl‐triethoxysilane (OTES) to modify F–F interactions or coupling agents such as 3‐mercaptopropyl‐trimethoxysilane and 3‐mercaptopropyl‐triethoxysilane (MPTES) to increase P–F interactions. Increased mixing improved d ( x ) and enhanced the hysteresis temperature dependence (HTD) by giving a higher tan δ value near the compound glass‐transition temperature ( T g ) but lowered tan δ at elevated temperatures for stocks containing a coupling agent. The changes in P–F and F–F interactions in rubbers with mixing and subsequent thermal treatment were shown to be responsible for the property differences observed among stocks containing different silanes. Attempts were made to quantify the efficiency for improving d ( x ) with various silanes. The increased P–F interactions in compounds containing MPTES showed better efficiency for improving d ( x ) and enhancing HTD in comparison with OTES. It was also demonstrated that the change in hysteresis near T g was mainly governed by the degree of filler networking, whereas elevated‐temperature hysteresis was strongly influenced by the P–F interactions in compounds. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>miR-152</i> Is a Tumor Suppressor microRNA That Is Silenced by DNA Hypermethylation in Endometrial Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 52K&lt;/p&gt;
Integrated gate matrix switch for optical packet buffering (2005)

An integrated 2 /spl times/ 2 semiconductor optical amplifier gate matrix switch is characterized for use in an optical packet buffer. Error-free performance for all port configurations is demonstrated for 40 Gb/s with less than 1-dB power penalty and an input power dynamic range of greater than 15 dB. Switching times are measured for decreasing optical input power to show an upper limit of 1-ns rise time (20%-80%). The factors limiting the maximum number of recirculations are explored toward optimizing future designs. It is concluded that the amplifier gate matrix switch is suitable for optical packet buffering.
Study of the effects of gaseous environments on sulfidation attack of superalloys (1977)

Studies were conducted to examine the effect of the gaseous corrodents NaCl, HCl, and NaOH on the high temperature oxidation and Na2SO4-induced corrosion behavior of the alumina former NiAl, the chromia former Ni-25 wt.% Cr, elemental Cr, and the superalloy B-1900. Experiments were conducted at 900 and 1050 C in air in the presence and absence of the gaseous corrodents. Effects involving both reaction rates and microstructural changes in oxide morphology were observed due to the presence of these corrodents at levels anticipated to be present in operating industrial and marine gas turbines. The effect of gaseous NaCl, HCl, and possibly NaOH on NiAl in simple oxidation was to remove aluminum from below the protective alumina layer and to simultaneously weaken the adherence of the protective alumina oxide scale to the substrate. The aluminum removed from below the oxide scale was redeposited on its surface as alpha-Al2O3 whiskers. With respect to the chromia formers, gaseous NaCl and HCl promoted breakaway oxidation kinetics and changes in the microstructures of the oxide scales.
1.3 µm InGaAsP/InP Flat-Surface Buried Heterostructure Laser Diode Fabricated On P-Type Substrate (1989)

1.3 µm Flat-surface Buried Heterostructure (FBH) laser diode fabricated on a p-type substrate is reported. This laser exhibits a low threshold current and excellent lasing characteristics up to 120&deg;C. For high temperature range operation, it is found that the active layer thickness plays an important role. Stable CW operation has been confirmed in 85°C 5 mW aging test.
Enantiopure, Supramolecular Helices Containing Three-Dimensional Tetranuclear Lanthanide(III) Arrays: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Solvent-Driven Trinuclear/Tetranuclear Interconversion (2008)

The enantiomerically pure pinene-bipyridine-based receptor, (-) or (+) L(-), diastereoselectively self-assembles in dry acetonitrile in the presence of Ln(III) ions (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb) to give a C3-symmetrical, pyramidal architecture with the general formula [Ln4(L)9(mu3-OH)](ClO4)2) (abbreviated as tetra-Ln4L9). Three metal centers shape the base: an equilateral triangle surrounded by two sets of helically wrapping ligands with opposite configurations. This part of the structure is very similar to the species [Ln3(L)6(mu3-OH)(H2O)3](ClO4)2) (recently reported by us and abbreviated as tris-LnL2) formed by the ligand and the Ln(III) ions when the reactions are performed in methanol. The tetranuclear structure is completed by a capping, helical unit LnL3 whose chirality is also predetermined by the chirality of the ligand. A complete characterization of these isostructural, chiral compounds was performed in solid state (X-ray, IR) and in solution (ES-MS, NMR, CD, UV-vis and emission spectroscopies). The sign and the intensity of the CD bands in the region of the pi pi* transitions of the bipyridine (absolute Delta epsilon values at 327 nm are about 280 M(-1) x cm(-1)) are highly influenced by the helicity of the capping fragment LnL3. The photophysical properties (lifetime, quantum yield) of the visible (Eu and Tb complexes) and NIR (Nd complex) emitters indicate a good energy transfer between the ligands and the metal centers. The two related superstructures tetra-Ln4L9 and tris-LnL2 can be interconverted in acetonitrile, the switching process depending on the amount of water present in the solvent, the size of the Ln(III) ion, and the concentration. The weak chiral recognition capabilities of the self-assembly leading to the formation of tetra-Ln4L9 either by direct synthesis from a racemic mixture of the ligand and Ln(III) ions or by the conversion of a tris-Ln[(+/-)-L]2 racemate were likewise demonstrated.
Exploring SOI device structures and interconnect architectures for 3-dimensional integration (2001)

3-dimensional (3-D) integration offers numerous advantages over conventional structures. Double-gate (DG) transistors can be fabricated for better device characteristics, and multiple device layers can be vertically stacked for better interconnect performance. In this paper, we explore suitable device structures and interconnect architectures for multi-device-layer integrated circuits and study how 3-D SOI circuits can better meet the performance and power dissipation requirements projected by ITRS for future technology generations. Results demonstrate that DGSOI circuits can achieve as much as 20% performance gain and 8% power delay product reduction than SGSOI (single-gate SOI). More important, for an interconnect-dominated circuits, multi-device-layer integration offers significant performance improvement. Compared to 2-D integration, most 3-D circuits can be clocked at much higher frequencies (double or even triple). Multi-device-layer circuits, with suitable SOI device structures, can be a viable solution for future low power high performance applications.
Specific immune modulation of experimental colitis drives enteric alpha-synuclein accumulation and triggers age-related Parkinson-like brain pathology (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background :</bold> Intraneuronal accumulation of a-synuclein (αSyn) is key in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. The pathogenic process is suggested to begin in the enteric nervous system decades before diagnosis of PD and then propagate into the brain. The triggers for these events are unclear but, in some patients, colitis might play a critical role. <bold>Methods :</bold> We administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to assess the effect of different types of experimental colitis on αSyn accumulation in the gut of αSyn transgenic and wild type mice and quantified local gene expression by RT-PCR and level of αSyn accumulation by immunofluorescence imaging. Immune modulation during the DSS colitis paradigm in the αSyn transgenic mice included genetic ablation of Cx3cr1 or treatment with recombinant IL-10. To determine long-term effects of experimental colitis, we induced DSS colitis in young αSyn transgenic mice and aged them under normal conditions up to nine or 21 months before analyzing their brains by immunohistochemistry. In vivo experiments were performed in randomized cohorts. Blinded experimenters performed image analysis and statistical analysis depended on data type (i.e., Student’s t-test, ANOVA, mixed-effects model). <bold>Results :</bold> We demonstrate that mild sustained or one strong insult of experimental DSS colitis triggers αSyn accumulation in the submucosal plexus of wild type and αSyn transgenic mice, while short-term mild DSS experimental colitis or inflammation induced by LPS does not have such an effect. Lack of macrophage-related Cx3cr1-signalling during DSS colitis increases accumulation of αSyn in the colonic submucosal plexus of αSyn transgenic mice while systemic treatment with immune-dampening IL-10 ameliorates this phenomenon. Additionally, DSS colitis-induced αSyn accumulation in young αSyn transgenic mice persists for months and is exacerbated by lack of Cx3cr1-signaling. Remarkably, experimental colitis at three months of age exacerbates the accumulation of aggregated phospho-Serine 129 αSyn in the midbrain (including the substantia nigra), in 21- but not 9-month-old αSyn transgenic mice. This increase in midbrain αSyn accumulation is accompanied by the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive nigral neurons.<bold> </bold><bold>Conclusions :</bold> Our data suggest that specific types of intestinal inflammation, mediated by monocyte/macrophage signaling, could play a critical role in the initiation and progression of PD.
Front Matter: Volume 9836 (2016)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 9836, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and Conference Committee listing.
Promotion of breast cancer development via Th2 polarization by TSLP (165.2) (2011)

Abstract Inflammation can promote both oncogenesis and tumor rejection. Chronic inflammation promotes cancer cell survival and metastasis, while acute inflammation triggers cancer cell destruction. Chronic inflammation is often linked with the presence of type 2-polarized macrophages (M2), which are induced by TH2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13. Human breast cancer tumor microenvironment displays features of Th2 inflammation that promote tumor development. The underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that breast cancer cells produce cytokine TSLP that induces DCs to express OX40L in vitro. OX40L+ DCs were found in primary breast cancer tumor infiltrates. These DCs drive IL- 13+TNFα+IL-10negCD4+ inflammatory Th2 cell development in vitro. TSLP-neutralizing antibodies block the upregulation of OX40L by DCs induced by breast cancer cells, thereby blocking their capacity to induce inflammatory Th2 cells in vitro. Antibodies neutralizing TSLP, OX40L, or TSLPR inhibit tumor development and IL-13 secretion in the xenograft model. Furthermore,PAR2-signaling is involved in TSLP regulation in cancer cells. Thus, TSLP-driven inflammation might contribute to breast cancer pathogenesis and development via Th2 polarization; and TSLP production by cancer cells is regulated via PAR2-signaling.
CCDC 2241782: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2024)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
New light from an old reagent: Chemiluminescence from the reaction of potassium permanganate with sodium borohydride. (2005)

\n\t\t\t\t\tWhen aqueous sodium borohydride (50 mM) is added to a solution of potassium permanganate (1mM, in sodium hexametaphosphate) at acidic pH, bright red-orange emission is easily visible in a darkened room. This chemiluminescence emission is due to an excited state of manganese (II) that undergoes solution phase phosphorescence and provides an excellent opportunity for students to explore the relationship between the initial oxidation state of the manganese and the likelihood of luminescence. Not surprisingly Mn(VII), Mn(IV) and Mn(III) all give rise to chemiluminescence where as Mn(II) fails to react.\n\t\t\t\t
Performance and stability of solution-based cadmium sulfide thin film transistors: Role of CdS cluster size and film composition (2012)

Improved carrier mobility and threshold voltage (VT) stability in cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film transistors (TFTs) were studied and attributed to larger grain clusters in thicker CdS films rather than individual crystallite size. Non-zero VT shifts (∼200 mV) in thicker films are attributed to the presence of cadmium hydroxide [Cd(OH)2] at the dielectric/CdS interface resulting from the chemical bath deposition process used to deposit the CdS films. VT and mobility analyses indicate that clusters of CdS grains have a larger impact on TFT performance and stability than the presence of impurities in the bulk of the CdS. TFTs using this fabrication method achieved mobilities of ∼22 cm2/Vs with VT of 7 V and ΔVT of &amp;lt;200 mV after testing. The maximum processing temperature is 100 °C which makes this process compatible with flexible substrates.
Flow Structure and Vortex Shedding of a Cantilever Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers (1995)

The flow patterns and the characteristics of the vortex shedding of a NACA 0012 cantilever wing are experimentally studied. The smoke-wire and surface oil-flow techniques are employed to visualize the flow patterns and the evolution of the vortex shedding. The hot-wire anemometers are used to characterize the frequency domain of the unsteady flow structures. Several characteristic flow modes are classified in the domain of chord Reynolds number and root angle of attack. The effects of the juncture and wing tip are discussed. The vortex shedding can be classified into four characteristic modes. The vortex shedding at low and high angles of attack are found to have different dominant mechanisms. The effects of the juncture and wing tip on the vortex shedding are discussed. The characteristic modes of the shed vortices can be traced back to the characteristics of the boundary layer on the suction surface of the airfoil.
Conformation and Dynamics of Drug-DNA Intercalation (1992)

Molecular dynamics simulations have been undertaken for a B-form dodecanucleotide duplex in solution with and without an intercalated proflavine molecule between the central C.G base pairs. The introduction of this simple intercalator affects both the conformational features and dynamic properties of the oligonucleotide double helix. Changes are seen in the rms atomic fluctuations and anisotropy of phosphate, sugar and base atoms. The backbone conformation is slightly changed on average and more sugars adopt the C3' endo conformation in the simulation of the complex compared with the simulation of the oligonucleotide alone. Both major and minor grooves becomes wider on average with the addition of the intercalating drug. Flanking A.T base pairs on both sides of the intercalation site have undergone an increase in flexibility, with the base pairs, especially at the 5' side, having the N1...N3 hydrogen bonds being broken.