gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A bipolar image detector with smart functions (1997)

A new type of bipolar image detector has been developed which consists of bipolar sensor cells, bipolar frame memory cells, and signal transfer circuits. The imager with 100 H/spl times/70 V pixels was designed to detect near-infrared LED rays exactly and rapidly, and was fabricated using 2-/spl mu/m Bi-CMOS process. The device, utilizing operations specific to bipolar cells, amplifies signal charges and cancels noises to have a high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) immune to a long time hold. It also offers several novel functions such as cancellation of external light signal, preliminary fast readout, and main readout of a selected part. Equipped with peripheral circuits, the chip is 3.66/spl times/3.7 mm in size and is very suitable for image processing use.
Supplementary Methods from Motexafin Gadolinium Disrupts Zinc Metabolism in Human Cancer Cell Lines (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Motexafin Gadolinium Disrupts Zinc Metabolism in Human Cancer Cell Lines
Understanding Active Sites in Pyrolyzed Fe–N–C Catalysts for Fuel Cell Cathodes by Bridging Density Functional Theory Calculations and 57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy (2019)

International audience
Stripline-Fed Patch Antenna with Long-Term Reliable Conductive Vias (2018)

The long-term reliability of plated through holes to feed antennas or suppress unwanted parallel plate mode propagation is a key issue. The proposed structure has conductive vias formed in each substrate composing the multilayer substrate instead of through holes penetrating a multilayer substrate. This configuration improves the long-term reliability of the antenna because the aspect ratio of the conductive vias is smaller than that of the through holes. A heat cycle test of fabricated antennas demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed structure.
Development of CDK2 and CDK5 Dual Degrader TMX‐2172 (2020)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. Development of CDK2 inhibitors has been extremely challenging as its ATP-binding site shares high similarity with CDK1, a related kinase whose inhibition causes toxic effects. Here, we report the development of TMX-2172, a heterobifunctional CDK2 degrader with degradation selectivity for CDK2 and CDK5 over not only CDK1, but transcriptional CDKs (CDK7 and CDK9) and cell cycle CDKs (CDK4 and CDK6) as well. In addition, we demonstrate that antiproliferative activity in ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR8) depends on CDK2 degradation and correlates with high expression of cyclin E1 (CCNE1), which functions as a regulatory subunit of CDK2. Collectively, our work provides evidence that TMX-2172 represents a lead for further development and that CDK2 degradation is a potentially valuable therapeutic strategy in ovarian and other cancers that overexpress CCNE1.
Robust Testing of Cascading Failure Mitigations Based on Power Dispatch and Quick-Start Storage (2017)

We present a formal robust testing method for power system cascading failure mitigations. The approach is model-based, using simulated trajectories of the system and proving that uncertainties, e.g., in the initial states or disturbances, do not perturb the trajectories beyond a robust neighborhood around them. We model power systems as hybrid systems with locations representing different swing dynamics and relay dynamics. We present implementations of our robust testing approach in a three-machine system model from the 2003 Italian Blackout and the IEEE 39-bus system model. We apply the robust testing method in two scenarios for averting the cascading failures: 1) robust testing of safety for various generator mechanical power dispatch schedules and 2) robust testing of safety for postfault remedial actions based on quick-start storage.
Establishment and Characterization of Mammalian Cell Lines Stably Expressing Human L-Type Amino Acid Transporters (2008)

System L (SL), a basolateral amino acid transporter, transports large neutral amino acids (LNAAs) in a Na(+)-independent manner. Previously, we identified two isoforms of transporters: L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) and 2 (LAT2) and revealed their distinct substrate selectivity and transport properties. In this study, to establish more stable human LAT1 (hLAT1) and LAT2 (hLAT2) in vitro assay systems, we established mouse cell lines stably expressing hLAT1 (S2-LAT1) and hLAT2 (S2-LAT2). Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that S2-LAT1 and S2-LAT2 cells express hLAT1 and hLAT2 mRNAs at 20 - 1000-fold higher levels than those of endogenous mouse Lat1 and Lat2. S2-LAT1 and S2-LAT2 mediated [(14)C]L-leucine transport properties were measured and corresponded to results observed via Xenopus oocytes. Using these cells, the data demonstrate that hLAT1 and hLAT2 exhibit different characters in the acceptance of alpha-methyl amino acids and amino acid-related compounds with bulky side chains such as thyroid hormones and melphalan. S2-LAT1 and S2-LAT2 cells are expected to facilitate hLAT1 and hLAT2 substrate recognition research and contribute to drug development by providing an efficient assay system to screen for chemical compounds that interact with hLAT1 and hLAT2.
A Probabilistic Approach of Joint Channel Estimation and Symbol Detection for OSTBC (2006)

In this paper, we propose a probabilistic technique to achieve joint channel estimation and symbol detection for orthogonal space time block coding (OSTBC) systems. The key result is that a multiple-input single-output system using OSTBC can be translated to an equivalent single-input multiple-output system using the implicit redundancy in OSTBC. This allows some probabilistic methods to be applicable at each output branch. Since each output branch is excited by the same input, redundant information can be exchanged between the multiple branches to improve the detection performance at individual branches. The proposed technique has the potential to be concatenated with a channel decoder and form a turbo receiver. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation results and compared with an existing scheme.
Probing the Origin of Degenerate Metathesis Selectivity via Characterization and Dynamics of Ruthenacyclobutanes Containing Variable NHCs (2011)

The preparation of new phosphonium alkylidene ruthenium metathesis catalysts containing N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) that result in a preference for degenerate metathesis is described. The reaction of the catalysts with ethylene or substrates relevant to ring-closing metathesis (RCM) produced ruthenacyclobutanes that could be characterized by cryogenic NMR spectroscopy. The rate of α/β methylene exchange in ethylene-only ruthenacycles was found to vary widely between ruthenacycles, in some cases being as low as 3.97 s(-1) at -30 °C, suggesting that the NHC plays an important role in degenerative metathesis reactions. Attempts to generate RCM-relevant ruthenacycles resulted in the low-yielding formation of a previously unobserved species, which we assign to be a β-alkyl-substituted ruthenacycle. Kinetic investigations of the RCM-relevant ruthenacycles in the presence of excess ethylene revealed a large increase in the kinetic barrier of the rate-limiting dissociation of the cyclopentene RCM product compared with previously investigated catalysts. Taken together, these results shed light on the degenerate/productive selectivity differences observed for different metathesis catalysts.
Legends for supplementary data from Kindlin-2 Regulates the Growth of Breast Cancer Tumors by Activating CSF-1–Mediated Macrophage Infiltration (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains legends for figures supplied as supplementary data&lt;/p&gt;
Renal Stress Testing in the Assessment of Kidney Disease (2016)

As part of human evolutionary development, many human organ systems have innate mechanisms to adapt to increased "work demand" or stress. This reserve capacity can be informative and is used commonly in cardiology to assess cardiac function (e.g., treadmill test). Similarly, the kidney possesses reserve capacity, which can be demonstrated in at least 2 of the following renal domains: glomerular and tubular. When appropriate stimulants are used, healthy patients with intact kidneys can significantly increase their glomerular filtration rate and their tubular secretion. This approach has been used to develop diagnostics for the assessment of renal function. This article reviews both glomerular and tubular kidney stress tests and their respective diagnostic utility.
Developing a Model Based Systems Engineering Architecture for Defense Wearable Technology (2021)

Abstract The rapid advancement of commercial wearable sensing technologies provides an unprecedented opportunity to gather information that improves warfighter performance during military activities and to detect the onset of illness (such as COVID‐19) through surveillance. However, the promise of improved performance and illness prevention through these technologies remains unfulfilled because of the complexity of guaranteeing that technology development outside of the standard military acquisition cycle will meet military requirements. The key to meeting this challenge is to facilitate coordination among R&amp;D efforts, commercially developed products, and military acquisition strategies. To address this, we developed an MBSE architecture and methodology for validating independently developed wearable system designs against military end‐user needs. This methodology includes developing a conceptual framework, a model library, and a capability needs matrix that maps defense mission characteristics to physiological states and product design implementations. This architecture allows military stakeholders to determine where capability gaps or opportunities for wider application of commercial technologies exist, thus providing a bridge between externally developed wearable sensing technologies and military acquisition strategies.
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing Technology in the Extreme Range of Civil Engineering (2017)

The foundation assessment plays an equally important role in assessing the current state of the building, the current structural safety and the remaining lifespan of civil engineering structures as well as the assessment of the above-ground structure. One of the biggest problems of the continuous monitoring of subsurface foundation elements is the reliable data acquisition over a 3-year lifetime. Relevant experience of the last decades shows that the reliability of the measuring results e.g. due to the decreasing quality of the instruments is lost over time in the case of the essential long-term measuring methods in the field of special underground engineering, or an interpretation of the results is difficult. Other measurement and test methods, e.g. fiber optic Bragg grating sensors permit only point-specific statements about the load-carrying behavior of the monitored object. Based on this, in 2016, a new innovative anchor and pile monitoring system was used for the first time in addition to a classical instrumentation in order to demonstrate and promote the applicability of fiber optic measurement technology to the construction site. Furthermore, the distributed fiber optic sensing technology can be used as a "sleeping" sensor. Based on the measuring principle, it is now also possible to carry out measurements over the entire lifecycle of the structure and to classify the current actual state.
Effects of Long-term Oral Administration of L-Arginine on the Rat Erectile Response (1997)

Long-term oral administration of supra-physiologic doses of L-arginine improves the erectile response in the aging rat. We postulate that L-arginine in the penis may be a substrate-limiting factor for NOS activity and that L-arginine may up-regulate penile NOS activity but not its expression. The blockade of penile erection by EFS with L NAME suggests that if ancillary corporeal vasodilator mechanisms develop, a basal level of NO synthesis is still required for activation and relaxation of the corporeal smooth muscle. These data support the possible use of dietary supplements for treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Analysis and design of a four-element superdirective compact dipole antenna array (2017)

This paper presents the design, optimization and experimental characterization of a four-element superdirective array based on a folded meandered dipole element. The proposed array is composed of an active and three parasitic elements. The optimal impedance loads associated to each parasitic elements have been extracted using an ad-hoc synthesis method based on spherical wave expansion. In order to optimize the realized gain, a printed balun has been integrated on the active element. A maximum directivity of 10.0 dBi and a realized gain equal to 0.82 dBi have been respectively demonstrated at 861 MHz when the element spacing is fixed to 0.15λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> .
Temporal and Spatial Modification of Thermal Radiation (2019)

In this paper, two different plasmonic metasurfaces are proposed to manipulate the optical properties of the corresponding thermal radiation. First of all, a tunable metasurface is proposed as a narrowband thermal emitter with wavelength tunability. Second, we demonstrate that the thermal radiation from an extending heated source can be focused to be with a designable pattern by modifying the spatial phase distribution of metasurfaces.
Exploring Bismuth as a New Pb-Free Alternative for High Temperature Electronics (2016)

Predominant high melting point solders for high temperature electronics (operating temperatures over 200°C) are high Pb containing alloys. The new regulation will have banned the use of Pb in all electronics by 2019. We designed a "new" class of solder alloys with high bismuth (Bi) content (≥70 wt.%) to evaluate their potential as a high temperature Pb-free solder. Although having high melting point (271°C), pure Bi exhibits poor thermal conductivity, limited plasticity and wetting issues on common metallized surface such as Ni and Cu. In this work, alloying elements such as Sb and Cu were added to Bi in an attempt to negate such shortcomings by creating innovative alloy microstructures and optimum alloy compositions. As an extension to this work, a transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding between Bi and Ni was also investigated as Bi in a molten state reacts strongly with Ni to be converted into a Bi3Ni or BiNi intermetallic layer. Once formed, these phases can be stable until reaching - 470°C (with Bi3Ni), or - 617°C (with BiNi). We tested the reliability of the die attached coupons using Bi-Sb-Cu solders and Bi-Ni TLP bonds under high temperatures (up to 200°C for Bi solders and up to 350°C for TLP bonds), thermal shock (from -55 to 200°C), and high temperature storage (at 200°C). The resultant data indicate the potential of these two Bi systems as Pb-free alternatives for high temperature electronics.
Improved logic optimization using global flow analysis (2003)

Techniques for automatically reducing circuit size and improving testability are considered. Two extensions to a previously published method for circuit optimization based on ideas of global flow analysis are described. The first is a basic improvement in the primary results on which the earlier optimization was based; the second extends the applicability of the method to conditional optimizations as well. Together these enhancements result in improved performance for the original algorithm, as well as the ability to handle designer-specified don't cares and redundancy-removal uniformly in the framework of a graph-based synthesis system such as LSS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Brilliant organic nanodots: novel nano-objects for bionanophotonics (2008)

Semiconductor quantum dots are recognized to provide a particularly effective approach to bright nano-objects for bioimaging. However, these inorganic systems suffer from several drawbacks such as toxicity, dispersity, blinking ... and raise a number of questions with respect to environmental issues. With this in mind, we have developed an innovative route towards purely organic nanodots showing exceptional one and two-photon brightness by confining a large number of optimized fluorophores within nano-objects of defined and controlled structure. These novel "soft" nano-objects offer major promises for bio and nanophotonics.
Development of Fluid Analysis Software V-FLOW based on Cartesian Grid with Cut Cells (2003)

We have proposed a voxel Cartesian grid method combined with cut cells for simulating unsteady, viscous, and incompressible flows with arbitrary boundaries. In this study, the low load and robust fluid analysis software V-FLOW developed using the proposed approach is introduced. By integrating completely the V-CAD data system, which is expected as the next generation CAD, V-FLOW shows the practical usefulness of the fluid analysis technique based on the Cartesian Grid with Cut Cells. Especially, it could mitigate the cost concerning grid generation in practical use.
Hydroxylation of the eukaryotic ribosomal decoding center affects translational accuracy (2014)

The mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated by oxygen are of considerable interest from basic science and therapeutic perspectives. Using mass spectrometric analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomes, we found that the amino acid residue in closest proximity to the decoding center, Pro-64 of the 40S subunit ribosomal protein Rps23p (RPS23 Pro-62 in humans) undergoes posttranslational hydroxylation. We identify RPS23 hydroxylases as a highly conserved eukaryotic subfamily of Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate dependent oxygenases; their catalytic domain is closely related to transcription factor prolyl trans-4-hydroxylases that act as oxygen sensors in the hypoxic response in animals. The RPS23 hydroxylases in S. cerevisiae (Tpa1p), Schizosaccharomyces pombe and green algae catalyze an unprecedented dihydroxylation modification. This observation contrasts with higher eukaryotes, where RPS23 is monohydroxylated; the human Tpa1p homolog OGFOD1 catalyzes prolyl trans-3-hydroxylation. TPA1 deletion modulates termination efficiency up to ∼10-fold, including of pathophysiologically relevant sequences; we reveal Rps23p hydroxylation as its molecular basis. In contrast to most previously characterized accuracy modulators, including antibiotics and the prion state of the S. cerevisiae translation termination factor eRF3, Rps23p hydroxylation can either increase or decrease translational accuracy in a stop codon context-dependent manner. We identify conditions where Rps23p hydroxylation status determines viability as a consequence of nonsense codon suppression. The results reveal a direct link between oxygenase catalysis and the regulation of gene expression at the translational level. They will also aid in the development of small molecules altering translational accuracy for the treatment of genetic diseases linked to nonsense mutations.
Single-Phase Liquid Cooling of a Quad-Core Processor (2011)

Multicore microprocessor chips have emerged as an industry standard in recent years and have enabled Moore’s Law to be sustained when one considers the collective performance achieved by multiple cores. The industry has favored floor plans that use identical or symmetric layouts of individual cores in a linear array or a two-dimensional (2D) array, oblivious to the non-uniform heat dissipation within each core. Such non-uniform heat dissipations have hot spots within each core that must be aggressively cooled to avoid temporary or permanent device failures that can result from high temperature gradients. This paper evaluates alternative core layouts and microchannel configurations of a single-phase liquid cooling system for multi-core chips. We first examine the use of different planar flow patterns in microchannels for a realistic quad-core processor with non-uniform energy dissipation within each core. The direction of the flows in the microchannels is varied to achieve minimum hot spot temperatures on the die. A symmetric layout of the four cores with minimum achievable hot spot temperature is then selected and subjected to impingement flow. We establish the thermal efficiency of the optimized core floor plan compared to the traditional floor plan in a quad-core design and show that impingement provides the most efficient cooling solution compared to microchannels with planar flows for the same pressure difference.
Doing Much with Little: HIVE A New Space Architecture (2020)

Based on a mass producible functioning unit consisting of nested rings, HIVE is a comprehensive space mission architecture harnessing advancement in robotics, software and machine learning, precision scale manufacturing, and novel materials with multifunctional properties. HIVE explores the idea of repurposing mass to gain new functionalities as necessary during a space mission. It accomplishes this by changing shape or reconfiguring to serve the need as necessary. Examples are a hosted payload structure, a robotic arm, or a “smart” scaffold for a habitat.
Immunogenicity and safety of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in pneumococcal vaccine-naive adults (2013)

PCV13 induces a greater functional immune response than PPSV23 for the majority of serotypes covered by PCV13, suggesting that PCV13 could offer immunological advantages over PPSV23 for prevention of vaccine-type pneumococcal infection.
Energy-Aware Accounting and Billing in Large-Scale Computing Facilities (2011)

Proposals have focused on reducing energy requirements for large-scale computing facilities (LSCFs), but little research has addressed the need for energy-usage-based accounting. Energy-aware accounting and billing benefits LSCF owners and users. This article makes a case for accurate cost accounting and billing, which accounts for user-specific energy usage, and identifies the hardware- and software-level changes necessary to support energy-aware accounting.
The role of EP2receptors in mediating the ultra-long-lasting intraocular pressure reduction by JV-GL1 (2020)

Both the 1-day and the long-term effects of JV-GL1 on IOP are entirely EP<sub>2</sub> receptor dependent.
APOPTOTIC PATHWAYS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL MODELS (MCF-7 AND MDA-MB-231) INDUCED BY RICE BRAN DERIVED PENTAPEPTIDE (2014)

Bioactive peptides derived from food sources with anti-proliferative properties against cancer have drawn more attention in recent years. A pentapeptide derived from rice bran has shown anti-proliferative property on human breast cancer cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the apoptotic pathways induced by the pentapeptide in breast cancer cell models (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The growth inhibition activity of pentapeptide was evaluated by phenazine methosulfate-3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazole-2-yl)]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTS) assay in a dose-dependent manner. The levels of molecular targets (TNF-α, Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, and erbB-2) were evaluated by ELISA kits. Pentapeptide showed growth inhibition activity of 80-85% on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 at a dosage of 1000 µg/mL with a significantly high reduction (80%) of MCF-7 cells even at a lower dosage – 400 µg/mL. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the levels of Bcl-2 and erbB-2 and increases in the levels of TNF-α and Bax were detected after pentapeptide treatment over an incubation period of 72 to 96 hrs. The results suggest that the rice bran pentapeptide inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation by introducing apoptosis through Caspase-dependent pathways.