gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Key Heme in Cytchrome <i>c</i><sub>3</sub> to the Electron Pool Effect by Highly Sensitive EQCM Technique (2012)

Cytochrome c3, which has four bis-histidinyl coordinated hemes per molecule, is a redox protein, and stores electrons temporarily until recognizing a redox partner. This mechanism is called “electron pool effect”. In this study, highly sensitive EQCM measurement clarified which heme in cytochrome c3 caused the electron pool effect. To investigate the key heme to the electron pool effect, cytochrome c3 mutants in which the sixth axial ligand of one heme was changed were prepared, and the intermolecular electron transfer was measured by viologen-immobilized electrode. The kinetics of the electron transfer complex formation between cytochrome c3 and immobilized viologen indicated that redox of the heme II in cytochrome c3 caused the electron pool effect.
Neuromorphic and early warning behavior-based authentication for mobile devices (2016)

Finding the balance between security, privacy, and usability for mobile authentication has been an active area of research for the past several years. Many researchers have taken advantage of the availability of multiple sensors on mobile devices and have used these data to train classifiers to authenticate users. For example, implicit authentication algorithms have been developed based on behavior patterns identified from a combination of sensors including location, co-location, application usage, biometric measurements, continuity of interaction between the user and the phone, and possession of the phone [1,2,3,4,5]. Furthermore, the onboard sensors of mobile devices have previously been used to identify users based on touch [6] and fusions of touch and speech inputs [7]. However, a system utilizing low-power onboard electronics for anomaly detection and user classification is lacking. Here, we report on the performance of two subsystems tested in a controlled use scenario to classify and authenticate users of a mobile device. The overall system utilizes two subsystems for anomaly detection and user classification: (1) a neuromorphic chip for continuous, low-power, online monitoring and classification, and (2) an early warning system (EWS) algorithm for longer duration time-series behavioral and biometric classification.
Deep Learning Based Online Power Control for Large Energy Harvesting Networks (2019)

In this paper, we propose a deep learning based approach to design online power control policies for large EH networks, which are often intractable stochastic control problems. In the proposed approach, for a given EH network, the optimal online power control rule is learned by training a deep neural network (DNN), using the solution of offline policy design problem. Under the proposed scheme, in a given time slot, the transmit power is obtained by feeding the current system state to the trained DNN. Our results illustrate that the DNN based online power control scheme outperforms a Markov decision process based policy. In general, the proposed deep learning based approach can be used to find solutions to large intractable stochastic control problems.
Generation of thick Ba2YCu3O7 films by aerosol deposition (1989)

Thick superconducting films were fabricated by producing high-purity Ba2YCu3O7 particles by aerosol decomposition in a gaseous flow system, depositing the particles directly from the gas phase onto surfaces by thermophoresis, and then sintering and annealing the deposited particulate films in an oxygen flow. Particulate films with thicknesses of 1 mm were deposited on the inside surfaces of copper tubes and sintered to provide uniform adherent coatings with sharp superconducting transitions above 91 K. High-purity powders based on the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O systems were also produced and sintered to form bulk ceramics with transitions at 80 and 110 K, respectively, suggesting that the process is general and can be used for a variety of materials. Advantages of the process include the ease of obtaining the correct oxygen content and the ability to fabricate thick films of fine grained material while minimizing exposure to carbon and other contaminants.
Statistical Inference in PCA for Hyperspectral Images (2011)

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for initial investigation of hyperspectral image data. There are many ways in which the estimated eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix are used. Further steps in the analysis or model building for hyperspectral images are often dependent on those estimated quantities. It is therefore important to know how precisely the eigenvalues and eigenvectors are estimated, and how the precision depends on the sampling scheme, the sample size, and the covariance structure of the data. This issue is especially relevant for applications such as difficult target or anomaly detection, where the precision of further steps in the algorithm may depend on the reliable knowledge of the estimated eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The issue is also relevant in the context of small sample sizes occurring in local types of detectors (such as RX) and in investigations of individual components and small multi-material clusters within a hyperspectral image. The sampling properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors are known to some extent in statistical literature (mostly in the form of asymptotic results for large sample sizes). Unfortunately, those results usually do not apply in the context of hyperspectral images. In this paper, we investigate the sampling properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors under three scenarios. The first two scenarios consider the type of sampling traditionally used in statistics, and the third scenario considers the variability due to image noise, which is more appropriate for hyperspectral imaging applications. For all three scenarios, we show the precision associated with the estimated eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and intrinsic dimensionality in six images of various sizes. In a broader context, we show an example of the correct statistical inference (construction of confidence intervals and bias-adjusted estimates) that can be implemented in other imaging applications.
Supplementary Figure S3 from AZD4573 Is a Highly Selective CDK9 Inhibitor That Suppresses MCL-1 and Induces Apoptosis in Hematologic Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AZD4573 induces rapid cell death across a diverse panel of hematological cancer cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Adopting SOA Tutorial (2008)

This half-day tutorial provides an unbiased, comprehensive and vendor independent overview of the potential benefits and risks implied when embarking on a SOA strategy. Course participants will gain knowledge and a clear understanding of the concept of Service-oriented Architectures (SOA), covering the entire SOA lifecycle, from conception through planning, development and deployment to maintenance.
Diverging Effects of Steric Congestion on the Reaction of Tributylstannyl Radicals with Areneselenols and Aryl Bromides and Their Mechanistic Implications (1999)

The effects of bulky ortho,ortho' groups on the reactions of aryl bromides and areneselenols with tributylstannane have been studied. Bulky ortho,ortho' groups accelerate the reaction of the bromides with the stannane but retard the reactions of the selenols. On the other hand, ab initio and force field calculations show that introducing bulky ortho substituents into selenols causes a greater increase in strain than in the corresponding bromides. Two possible explanations for the divergent reactivity patterns are advanced. On one hand, it is possible that bromine abstraction by stannyl radicals from aryl bromides proceeds in a single step through a linear transition state whereas the abstraction of SeH from the selenols involves a T-shaped, hypervalent intermediate. Alternatively, it may be that both reactions are concerted with the bromine abstraction having a late transition state and the SeH abstraction an early one. Approximate second-order rate constants for the reaction of tributylstannane with a range of hindered aryl bromides are derived from competition reactions. 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylbenzeneselenol is able to function moderately well as a catalyst for the stannane-mediated reactions of vinyl bromides. The X-ray crystal structure of bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) diselenide is presented.
Transponder-Aided Single Platform Geolocation (2012)

Emitter localization using a single receiving station is explored. We propose algorithms for transponder-aided positioning of an emitting station where the transmitted waveform is either known or unknown a priori. The emitter position is estimated directly (in a single-step) from the received signal samples. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the performance. The results are compared with the Cramér-Rao lower bound, for which a closed-form expression is derived.
Physiology: Human tubal fluid: formation and composition during vascular perfusion of the Fallopian tube (1995)

A vascularly perfused preparation of the Fallopian tube has been developed as a model to study the formation and composition of human tubal fluid. An artery serving the tube was cannulated and perfused at a rate of 0.7 ml/min for 1 h with Medium 199 supplemented with bovine serum albumin, heparin and antibiotics. A cannula was also inserted into the lumen. Light and scanning electron micrographs of control and perfused tubes showed that the epithelial lining was intact after perfusion. Tubal fluid was collected in 13 out of 19 experiments. Fluid could always be collected from patients who were in the follicular phase of their ovarian cycle. The mean rate of appearance was 48 microliters/h. The glucose, lactate and pyruvate concentrations in the tubal fluid, as assessed by fluorescence microanalysis, were 0.53, 8.58 and 0.17 mM respectively. There were no correlations between metabolite concentration and the length of perfusion, cannulation time, patient's age or condition. This technique provides a controlled method with which to access and examine human tubal fluid and will allow the physiology of both healthy and diseased tubes to be studied.
Complex images of vertical antenna penetrating a dielectric half-space (2002)

An efficient technique is developed to solve the problem of vertical antennas penetrating the interface between two contiguous dielectric half-spaces. The spatial Green's functions for the vector and scalar potentials are obtained in simple, accurate, and rapidly convergent expressions using the complex image technique. It is shown that this technique is rapidly convergent for situations were the vertical source and field points are located in different media, such as the problem of a vertical antenna penetrating the interface between dielectric half-spaces.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
FRA2A Is a CGG Repeat Expansion Associated with Silencing of AFF3 (2014)

Folate-sensitive fragile sites (FSFS) are a rare cytogenetically visible subset of dynamic mutations. Of the eight molecularly characterized FSFS, four are associated with intellectual disability (ID). Cytogenetic expression results from CGG tri-nucleotide-repeat expansion mutation associated with local CpG hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing. The best studied is the FRAXA site in the FMR1 gene, where large expansions cause fragile X syndrome, the most common inherited ID syndrome. Here we studied three families with FRA2A expression at 2q11 associated with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental phenotypes. We identified a polymorphic CGG repeat in a conserved, brain-active alternative promoter of the AFF3 gene, an autosomal homolog of the X-linked AFF2/FMR2 gene: Expansion of the AFF2 CGG repeat causes FRAXE ID. We found that FRA2A-expressing individuals have mosaic expansions of the AFF3 CGG repeat in the range of several hundred repeat units. Moreover, bisulfite sequencing and pyrosequencing both suggest AFF3 promoter hypermethylation. cSNP-analysis demonstrates monoallelic expression of the AFF3 gene in FRA2A carriers thus predicting that FRA2A expression results in functional haploinsufficiency for AFF3 at least in a subset of tissues. By whole-mount in situ hybridization the mouse AFF3 ortholog shows strong regional expression in the developing brain, somites and limb buds in 9.5-12.5dpc mouse embryos. Our data suggest that there may be an association between FRA2A and a delay in the acquisition of motor and language skills in the families studied here. However, additional cases are required to firmly establish a causal relationship.
Risk of urinary tract infection after detrusor botulinum toxin A injections for refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity in patients with no antibiotic treatment (2010)

The rate of UTI after intradetrusor injections of BoNT-A was 7.1%. The most frequent bacterium involved was Escherichia coli. These results indicate that antibiotic prophylaxis for intradetrusor BoNT-A injections seems necessary.
How Accurate Is Dynamic Program Slicing? An Empirical Approach to Compute Accuracy Bounds (2014)

Dynamic program slicing attempts to find runtime dependencies among statements to support security, reliability, and quality tasks such as information-flow analysis, testing, and debugging. However, it is not known how accurately dynamic slices identify statements that really affect each other. We propose a new approach to estimate the accuracy of dynamic slices. We use this approach to obtain bounds on the accuracy of multiple dynamic slices in Java software. Early results suggest that dynamic slices suffer from some imprecision and, more critically, can have a low recall whose upper bound we estimate to be 60% on average.
Intravascular Drug Delivery With a Pulsed Liquid Microjet. (2003)

Fletcher, D A; Palanker, D V; Huie, P; Miller, J; Marmor, M F; Blumenkranz, M S Author Information
Oral Gene Therapy: A Novel Method for the Manufacture and Delivery of Protein Drugs (2005)

Despite the great promise of a broadly based protein pharmaceutics, the use of protein drugs remains limited by drug availability due to the complexity and cost of manufacture, and patient compliance because of the need for needle injection. In this article we present proof of principle for a concept that avoids these difficulties and offers the prospect of greatly expanding the use and utility of protein drugs. Rather than the protein itself, the drug is a DNA plasmid that codes for it, that is swallowed, not injected. The protein is manufactured by the body in cells of the small intestine and is delivered by them into the bloodstream. The drug has a short-lived action and like other oral medications must be taken frequently (every day or two) to be effective. The short term of action is an advantage that provides for safe, easily managed treatment, unlike most gene-based therapies in use today. The dose of the drug can be altered from day to day, and treatment can be stopped quickly if untoward side effects are observed.
A consensus-based fusion algorithm in shape-based image retrieval (2007)

Shape-based image retrieval techniques are among the most successful content-based image retrieval (CBIR) approaches. In recent years, the number of shape-based image retrieval techniques has dramatically increased; however, each technique has both advantages and shortcomings. This paper proposes a consensus-based fusion algorithm to integrate several shape-based image retrieval techniques so as to enhance the performance of the image retrieval process. In this algorithm, several techniques work as a team: they exchange their ranking information based on pair-wise co-ranking to reach a consensus that will improve their final ranking decisions. Although the proposed algorithm handles any number of CBIR techniques, only three common techniques are used to demonstrate its effectiveness. Several experiments were conducted on the widely used MPEG-7 database. The results indicate that the proposed fusion algorithm significantly improves the retrieval process.
Impact of rack-level compaction on the data center cooling ensemble (2008)

The growing energy consumption of computer data centers has recently received increased economic and environmental scrutiny. A significant portion of typical data center energy consumption can be apportioned to the cooling infrastructure. This paper shows the impact of heat load within the data center on the efficiency of the data center cooling ensemble, as measured in terms of a 'grand' Coefficient of Performance of the ensemble (COP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> ). The paper begins by developing an expedient, semi-empirical model of the cooling infrastructure in an actual data center in Bangalore, India. These predictions are compared to experimental measurements at various levels of the ensemble, with good agreement between predicted and measured values. Having validated the model, the impact of replacing low-density racks with high-density blades into the data center is explored. For the test case considered in this paper, it is found that consolidation leads to greater efficiency of the infrastructure components, causing COP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> to increase by about 15%. The paper concludes by quantifying the impact of this consolidation on the total cost-of-ownership (TCO). For the test case, the consolidation results in improved utilization of the infrastructure, thus effectively reducing the burdened TCO (per Watt of computation) by up to 30%.
A novel class of uplink OFDM/SDMA algorithms for WLAN (2003)

Wireless LANs (WLANs) still offer low capacity compared to conventional wired LANs. The design of high-capacity WLANs is impeded mainly by the impairments of the indoor channel and by bandwidth and transmit-power restrictions. To mitigate these, Vandenameele et al. (1999) proposed an OFDM/SDMA approach that combines the advantages of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with those of space division multiple access (SDMA). However, the comparison of two uplink OFDM/SDMA algorithms, respectively based on the minimum-mean-squared-error and maximum-likelihood criterion, revealed a serious performance and complexity gap between them. In this paper, we propose a novel class of uplink OFDM/SDMA algorithms that bridge this gap. To this end, we introduce per-carrier successive interference cancellation and interference-dependent state insertion. Compared to the minimum-mean-squared-error approach, a performance gain of 10 dB is obtained for a BER of 10/sup -3/ This improvement comes at less than three times the initial implementation cost.
Sum-Power Minimization Under Rate Constraints in Full-Duplex MIMO Interference-Channels. (2017)

We consider a full-duplex (FD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference-channel, where multiple pairs of FD nodes coexist in the same network, and hence each node not only suffers from self-interference due to operating in FD mode, but also from co-channel-interference (CCI) from other pairs due to simultaneous transmission at each link. Transmission power expenditure is a significant source for power consumption in communication systems. One way to extend battery life is to utilize power-efficient resource allocation that minimizes the transmit power consumption. Therefore, in this paper we propose a penalty-based algorithm to address the Quality-of-Service (QoS) issue of this FD system where the total transmit power is minimized subject to minimum rate constraints at each node. The algorithm exploits both spatial and temporal freedoms of the source covariance matrices of MIMO links between the nodes to achieve a lower total system power. © 2017 VDE VERLAG GMBH.
Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder (2019)

Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 20,352 cases and 31,358 controls of European descent, with follow-up analysis of 822 variants with P < 1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> in an additional 9,412 cases and 137,760 controls. Eight of the 19 variants that were genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10<sup>-8</sup>) in the discovery GWAS were not genome-wide significant in the combined analysis, consistent with small effect sizes and limited power but also with genetic heterogeneity. In the combined analysis, 30 loci were genome-wide significant, including 20 newly identified loci. The significant loci contain genes encoding ion channels, neurotransmitter transporters and synaptic components. Pathway analysis revealed nine significantly enriched gene sets, including regulation of insulin secretion and endocannabinoid signaling. Bipolar I disorder is strongly genetically correlated with schizophrenia, driven by psychosis, whereas bipolar II disorder is more strongly correlated with major depressive disorder. These findings address key clinical questions and provide potential biological mechanisms for bipolar disorder.
Embedded and real-time Java (2000)

Embedded and real-time system design are properly separate concerns. Many embedded systems lack strict timeliness requirements, while many real-time systems (e.g., telephone central office switches) are not embedded. However, a number of embedded systems do have real-time requirements, including a number of products that fall under the I&M umbrella. The author addresses both real-time and embedded Java initiatives.
Studies on the Efficacy, Potential Cardiotoxicity and Monkey Pharmacokinetics of GLP-26 as a Potent Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Modulator (2021)

While treatment options are available for hepatitis B virus (HBV), there is currently no cure. Anti-HBV nucleoside analogs and interferon-alpha 2b rarely clear HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), requiring lifelong treatment. Recently, we identified GLP-26, a glyoxamide derivative which modulates HBV capsid assembly. The impact of GLP-26 on viral replication and integrated DNA was assessed in an HBV nude mouse model bearing HBV transfected AD38 xenografts. At day 45 post-infection, GLP-26 reduced HBV titers by 2.3-3 log<sub>10</sub> versus infected placebo-treated mice. Combination therapy with GLP-26 and entecavir reduced HBV log<sub>10</sub> titers by 4.6-fold versus placebo. Next, we examined the pharmacokinetics (PK) in cynomolgus monkeys administered GLP-26 via IV (1 mg/kg) or PO (5 mg/kg). GLP-26 was found to have 34% oral bioavailability, with a mean input time of 3.17 h. The oral dose produced a mean peak plasma concentration of 380.7 ng/mL, observed 0.67 h after administration (~30-fold > in vitro EC<sub>90</sub> corrected for protein binding), with a mean terminal elimination half-life of 2.4 h and a mean area under the plasma concentration versus time curve of 1660 ng·hr/mL. GLP-26 was 86.7% bound in monkey plasma. Lastly, GLP-26 demonstrated a favorable toxicity profile confirmed in primary human cardiomyocytes. Thus, GLP-26 warrants further preclinical development as an add on to treatment for HBV infection.
Language model adaptation using word clustering (2003)

Building a stochastic language model (LM) for speech recognition requires a large corpus of target tasks. For some tasks no enough large corpus is available and this is an obstacle to achieving high recognition accuracy. In this paper, we propose a methodforbuildinganLMwithahigherpredictionpowerusing large corpora from different tasks rather than an LM estimated from a small corpus for a specific target task. In our experiment, weusedtranscriptionsofairuniversitylecturesandarticlesfrom Nikkei newspaper and compared an existing interpolation-based method and our new method. The results show that our new method reduces perplexity by 9.71%.