gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic Energy Transfer Phenomena in Rare Gases (1972)

In this paper we present the results of an experimental study of electronic energy transfer in xenon-argon, krypton-argon, and xenon-krypton gaseous mixtures excited by a pulsed electric discharge. Spectroscopic evidence for electronic energy transfer is based on the decrease in the intensity of the vacuum ultraviolet emission of the excited diatomic homonuclear rare gas molecules in the presence of small amounts (10–1000 ppm) of a foreign rare gas atom, while the visible emission spectrum of the host gas is parctically unmodified under these conditions. The relative contributions of two energy transfer mechanisms involving atom-atom and molecule-atom energy transfer were established by a kinetic analysis of the dependence of the energy transfer efficiency on the host pressure. We have determined the cross sections for energy transfer from the lowest metastable Ar and Kr excited states, and from the lowest excited state of Ar2* and Kr2* to ground state Xe, and from metastable excited Ar and from Ar2* to ground state Kr. The molecule-atom energy transfer process is characterized by large ∼ 10−14 cm2 cross sections. A simplified theoretical treatment of excited molecule-ground state atom collisions provides a proper rationalization of these large cross sections in terms of long range dipole-dipole coupling.
Integrated Optical Phased Arrays: LiDAR, Communications, Augmented Reality, and Beyond (2020)

Recent integrated optical phased array architectures, results, and applications will be reviewed, including beam steering for LiDAR and communications, near-field optical manipulation, and holographic displays for augmented reality.
Low‐energy electron beam‐induced cationic polymerization with onium salts (2001)

Abstract Demand for higher polymer performance with very short cure times has resulted in the development of low energy electron beam processes. This article presents the results of such a process for curing two epoxy systems, namely 3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl‐3′,4′‐epoxycyclohexane carboxylate and di‐glycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), using the cationic photoinitiator salts, triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, and diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate, respectively. Glass transition temperature measurements were done using a modulated DSC method while the degree of conversion was measured using FTIR spectroscopy. Results indicate that for both epoxy systems a relatively low dosage of not more than 5 Mrad was sufficient to achieve up to 60% conversion, with up to 80% conversion achievable using 30 Mrad. The diaryliodonium salt appeared to be more effective than the sulphonium salt in the above study. The effect of varying photoinitiator concentration and the resulting glass transition temperature has been studied. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3099–3108, 2001
A narrow QRS tachycardia and cannon A waves: What is the mechanism? (2016)

Regular narrow QRS tachycardia, particularly if well-tolerated, is usually considered a "benign" arrhythmia of a supraventricular origin. This case concerns an 82-year-old male with ischemic heart disease who presented with recurrent episodes of a narrow QRS tachycardia that was initially diagnosed and treated as atrial tachyarrhythmia. However, careful physical examination and ECG analysis established the correct diagnosis, and the patient was managed appropriately. Remarkably, the observation of irregular cannon A waves, and Lewis lead recording, confirmed atrioventricular dissociation during tachycardia and indicated its underlying mechanism.
E-GVAP Status and future (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;E-GVAP (the EIG EUMETNET GNSS Water Vapour Programme) is an operational service providing atmospheric delay estimates for use in operational meteorology in near real-time. This is done in a close collaboration between geodetic and meteorological institutions. The use of the GNSS delay estimates is found to increase the skill of weather forecasts. By the start of 2019 E-GVAP did, along with EUMETNET itself, entered a new phase. In E-GVAP 4 the main product will still be zenith total delays (ZTD), with a focus on improving timeliness, in support of the high resolution, local weather models with frequent updates being set up these years. But in addition there will be focus on GNSS derived slant total delay (STD) estimates. Several of the weather models used in Europe are being prepared for STD assimilation. The STDs provide additional information, on atmospheric asymmetries, on top of the information contained in a single ZTD estimate&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Appendix 3: RNA Chromatographic System Cleaning and Passivation Treatment (2009)

This appendix contains sections titled: Background Information Reagents Preparation of the System Passivation of the System Equilibration of the System References
On the Physical Layer Design for Low Cost Machine Type Communication in 3GPP LTE (2014)

This paper brings to light the reasoning and principles shaping the standardization direction in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) regarding provision of low complexity Machine Type Communication (MTC), via Long Term Evolution (LTE) of 3GPP. It elaborates 3GPP's approaches and suggestions towards addressing the physical layer challenges and discusses solutions 3GPP proposed specifically in relation to the low complexity operation of MTC devices and the coverage extension of current cellular networks to challenging scenarios of MTC. Results of comprehensive set of simulations are presented to assess the impact of repetition coding and power boosting on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). In addition, novel ideas are presented to reduce the complexity of channel estimation, one of the most computation intensive blocks in the baseband receive chain. These results all leap towards finding the physical layer design for low cost MTC devices via 3GPP LTE.
Mode switches among SI, SACI, and HCCI combustion and their influence on drive cycle fuel economy (2014)

A vehicle and driver model from [1] is here integrated with a finite state model describing mode switches among spark-ignited (SI) combustion and the advanced combustion modes spark assisted compression ignition (SACI) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). The model is used to quantify the influence of mode switch fuel penalties on drive cycle fuel economy considering the federal test procedure (FTP-75) and highway fuel economy test (HWFET). The simulation under the assumed fuel penalties and dynamics shows a very small fuel loss due to harmful switches. Harmful switches are mode switches that lead to short stays in the advanced combustion, where the penalty in switching is greater than the benefit achieved after the switch. The simulations also highlight the benefits of integrating the SACI mode. Apart from extending the fuel efficiency improvements beyond the HCCI range, it is postulated that SACI combustion is easier to reach (lower fuel penalty and faster response than the HCCI-SI switch) from both SI and HCCI, creating a bridge and an economic destination in the overall speed-load space. The combined operation of SACI and HCCI leads to substantially higher improvements, especially for the FTP-75 drive cycle, than using either mode individually.
Deriving structural information on peracetylated monosaccharides by applying different ionization methods (1992)

Mass spectra of peracetylated monosaccharides can be obtained by various ionization methods, including electron ionization, chemical ionization and fast atom bombardment. The structural information in the spectra of two relatively simple model compounds (acetyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-D-digitoxose and acetyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-D-xylose) was compared. Additional information was obtained from the perdeuteroacetylated analogues and from daughter and precursor ion scans of selected ions. The chemical ionization spectra and the fast atom bombardment spectra are simple and very similar. The electron ionization spectra show far more fragmentations and contain more structural information, but are more difficult to interpret unambiguously.
Critical appraisal of outcomes following open radical prostatectomy (2009)

Today open radical prostatectomy is a less-invasive procedure with low morbidity providing excellent control of clinically localized prostate cancer. Although open radical prostatectomy now accounts for a minority of radical prostatectomies in the United States, the concepts that have improved oncologic and quality-of-life outcomes are equally applicable to minimally invasive procedures.
Supplementary Figure 1 from An Antimesothelin-Monomethyl Auristatin E Conjugate with Potent Antitumor Activity in Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Mesothelioma Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1: IHC validation of anti-mesothelin antibody 19C3.&lt;/p&gt;
Temporal lobe morphology in normal aging and traumatic brain injury. (2002)

Age-related changes cause minimal temporal lobe gyral, hippocampal, temporal horn, and WM atrophy. Only subarachnoid sulcal CSF volume changed robustly. Trauma produced disproportionate WM loss associated with increased temporal horn and sulcal CSF volumes; it caused substantial hippocampal atrophy, which was related to memory impairment. Gyral volume did not decrease, although it was related to memory performance.
Impact of Scrambling on Barcode Entropy (2010)

Security barcodes and other &#x201C;actionable&#x201D; barcodes have become commonplace as a consequence of the recent ubiquity of mobile phones equipped with high-quality cameras. In this paper, we provide methods for quantifying the entropy of the embedded barcode data, assuming methods other than the standards-specified error correcting code (ECC) approaches can be adopted. Entropy, which reduces the likelihood of a fraudulent agent being able to &#x201C;guess&#x201D; correct barcodes, is measured directly using a variety of novel algorithms and applied to large sets of barcodes. Our data, however, show that removing ECC provides the additional advantage of increasing entropy. Thus, all other settings (data payload size, printing technology, substrate used, etc.) being equal, eliminating the ECC will increase the security of the information content.
C–H Bond Functionalization via Hydride Transfer: Formation of α-Arylated Piperidines and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines via Stereoselective Intramolecular Amination of Benzylic C–H Bonds (2012)

We here report a study of the intramolecular amination of sp(3) C-H bonds via the hydride transfer cyclization of N-tosylimines (HT-amination). In this transformation, 5-aryl aldehydes are subjected to N-toluenesulfonamide in the presence of BF(3)·OEt(2) to effect imine formation and HT-cyclization, leading to 2-arylpiperidines and 3-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines in a one-pot procedure. We examined the reactivity of a range of aldehyde substrates as a function of their conformational flexibility. Substrates of higher conformational rigidity were more reactive, giving higher yields of the desired products. However, a single substituent on the alkyl chain linking the N-tosylimine and the benzylic sp(3) C-H bonds was sufficient for HT-cyclization to occur. In addition, an examination of various arenes revealed that the electronic character of the hydridic C-H bonds dramatically affects the efficiency of the reaction. We also found that this transformation is highly stereoselective; 2-substituted aldehydes yield cis-2,5-disubstituted piperidines, while 3-substituted aldehydes afford trans-2,4-disubstituted piperidines. The stereoselectivity is a consequence of thermodynamic control. The pseudoallylic strain between the arene and tosyl group on the piperidine ring is proposed to rationalize the greater stability of the isomer with the aryl ring in the axial position. This preferential placement of the arene is proposed to affect the observed stereoselectivity.
Protein phosphorylation and the regulation of cell-cell junctions in brain endothelial cells. (1997)

Endothelial cells lining the capillaries of the brain have two properties that distinguish them from their peripheral counterparts: (1) tight junctions of extremely low permeability; and (2) low rates of fluid-phase endocytosis. In combination, these features limit the nonspecific flux of ions, proteins, and other substances into the central nervous system environment, creating the blood-brain barrier. This barrier is not immutable. Tight junction permeability can be rapidly increased, which may play a role in the development of a variety of brain pathologies. We have therefore been interested in mechanisms regulating junctional permeability and strategies for interfering with this regulation. What is becoming increasingly apparent is that junctions are not passive mechanical entities; rather, they are targets for a variety of signaling pathways.
Observation of homogeneous gas-phase catalyzed vinyl polymerization (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservation of homogeneous gas-phase catalyzed vinyl polymerizationM. Samy El-Shall and H. ReissCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 5, 1021–1022Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100316a007https://doi.org/10.1021/j100316a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The light organ symbiont Vibrio fischeri possesses two distinct secreted ADP-ribosyltransferases (1997)

We have previously described the purification, cloning, and initial characterization of a secreted ADP-ribosyltransferase, halovibrin (gene designation hvn), from the luminescent light organ symbiont Vibrio fischeri. This report describes a strategy for overexpression of halovibrin, the production and refinement of antihalo-vibrin antisera, and the molecular biological construction of a V. fischeri halovibrin null strain. Biochemical analysis of this mutant revealed that V. fischeri hvn null still possessed ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and that this activity is immunologically, genetically, and structurally distinct from the previously described enzyme. This unusual finding, of two ADP-ribosyltransferase enzymes produced by a microorganism, is complemented by the details of the purification to apparent homogeneity and in vitro regulation of this new protein, halovibrin-beta.
Transcriptional Inhibition of MicroRNA miR-122 by Small Molecules Reduces Hepatitis C Virus Replication in Liver Cells (2022)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules of 22-24 nucleotides that are estimated to regulate thousands of genes in humans, and their dysregulation has been implicated in many diseases. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is the most abundant miRNA in the liver and has been linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Its role in these diseases renders miR-122 a potential target for small-molecule therapeutics. Here, we report the discovery of a new sulfonamide class of small-molecule miR-122 inhibitors from a high-throughput screen using a luciferase-based reporter assay. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies and secondary assays led to the development of potent and selective miR-122 inhibitors. Preliminary mechanism-of-action studies suggest a role in the promoter-specific transcriptional inhibition of miR-122 expression through direct binding to the liver-enriched transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α. Importantly, the developed inhibitors significantly reduce HCV replication in human liver cells.
Deep Learning Techniques for Decoding Polar Codes (2019)

This chapter provides the background and motivation for the use of deep learning (DL) in various forward error correction schemes used for wireless communication systems. Polar codes are a recent breakthrough in the field of channel coding, as they were proven to achieve channel capacity with efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. Successive cancellation and belief propagation decoding algorithms are first introduced to decode polar codes. The chapter provides some basic knowledge about polar codes and conventional polar decoders. It then discusses several DL-based decoding algorithms and their variants for polar codes, followed by a detailed evaluation concerning error-correction performance and decoding latency of state-of-the-art DL-aided decoders for a 5G polar code. The chapter also describes the use of DL in decoding polar codes with emphasis on off-the-shelf DL decoders and DL-aided decoders by addressing their working principles, algorithm details, and performance evaluations.
Urea Derivatives of 2-Aryl-benzothiazol-5-amines: A New Class of Potential Drugs for Human African Trypanosomiasis (2020)

A previous publication from this lab (Patrick, et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2016, 24 , 2451 - 2465 ) explored the antitrypanosomal activities of novel derivatives of 2-(2-benzamido)ethyl-4-phenylthiazole (1), which had been identified as a hit against Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. While a number of these compounds, particularly the urea analogues, were quite potent, these molecules as a whole exhibited poor metabolic stability. The present work describes the synthesis of 65 new analogues arising from medicinal chemistry optimization at different sites on the molecule. The most promising compounds were the urea derivatives of 2-aryl-benzothiazol-5-amines. One such analogue, (S)-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(3-fluoro-N-pyrrolidylamido)benzothiazole (57) was chosen for in vivo efficacy studies based upon in vitro activity, metabolic stability, and brain penetration. This compound attained 5/5 cures in murine models of both early and late stage human African trypanosomiasis, representing a new lead for the development of drugs to combat this neglected disease.
Effect of phosphorus on cleavage fracture inκ-carbide (2010)

To understand the origin of cleavage fracture which dominates in Fe(Mn)-Al-C alloys at a high phosphorus concentration, we performed first-principles study of the phosphorus effect on ideal cleavage energy and critical stress in $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-carbide, ${\text{Fe}}_{3}\text{AlC}$, a precipitate in the austenitic alloys. We find that phosphorus has higher solubility in ${\text{Fe}}_{3}\text{AlC}$ than in $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-Fe and sharply reduces the cleavage characteristics of $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-carbide. We show that strong anisotropy of the Fe-P bonds in ${\text{Fe}}_{3}(\text{Al},\text{P})\text{C}$ under tensile stress, leads to the appearance of large structural voids and may facilitate crack nucleation.
The Application of Monodentate Secondary Phosphine Oxide Ligands in Rhodium‐ and Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Over‐expression of STP13, a hexose transporter, improves plant growth and nitrogen use in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings (2008)

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the regulation of hexose levels by the large monosaccharide transporter (MST) gene family influences many aspects of plant growth. The cloning and transgenic expression of one family member (STP13) enabled the manipulation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism in Arabidopsis. Transgenic seedlings constitutively over-expressing STP13 (STP13OX) had increased rates of glucose uptake, higher endogenous sucrose levels and accumulated more total C and biomass per plant when grown on soil-less media supplemented with 55 mM glucose and sufficient N (9 mM nitrate). Furthermore, STP13OX seedlings acquired 90% more total N than the Col-0 seedlings, and had higher levels of expression of the nitrate transporter NRT2.2. In addition, STP13OX seedlings were larger and had higher biomass than Col-0 seedlings when grown under a limiting N condition (3 mM nitrate). Transgene analysis of STP13 reveals that its gene product is localized to the plasma membrane (PM) in tobacco BY-2 suspension cells, that it encodes a functional MST in planta, and that the STP13 promoter directs GUS expression to the vasculature and to leaf mesophyll cells. This work highlights the link between C and N metabolism, demonstrating that a plant's N use may be improved by increasing the availability of C.
The BrainMap strategy for standardization, sharing, and meta-analysis of neuroimaging data (2011)

The BrainMap project will continue to evolve in response to the meta-analytic needs of biomedical researchers in the structural and functional neuroimaging communities. Future work on the BrainMap project regarding software and hardware advances are also discussed.
Multiplexed and spatiotemporal measurements of glutamate secreted by neurons and bacteria (2016)

By applying an in vivo biotinylation platform, glutamate-sensing protein can be easily immobilized on streptavidin-functionalized magnetic microbeads, which expands the detection modality for the spatiotemporal measurements of glutamate secreted by adherent neuronal cells and suspension microbial cells using fluorescence microscopy and microplate photometers.
Alternative reading frame protein (ARF)-independent function of CARF (collaborator of ARF) involves its interactions with p53: evidence for a novel p53-activation pathway and its negative feedback control (2004)

CARF, a collaborator of ARF (alternative reading frame protein), was cloned as a novel ARF-binding protein from a yeast-interaction screen. It potentiated ARF-mediated p53 function, and also caused a moderate increase in p53 activity in the absence of ARF. We herein report the molecular mechanism of ARF-independent function of CARF. By employing a variety of approaches, including overexpression of CARF, its suppression by small interfering RNA and use of protease inhibitors, we demonstrate that: (i) CARF directly interacts with wild-type p53, causing its stabilization and functional activation; and (ii) CARF and p53 levels show an inverse relationship that is instigated by a negative-feedback control via a proteasome-mediated degradation pathway.
Mono‐ and Dinuclear Nickel(0) Complexes of Butadiyne (1988)

The nickel(0) complex 1 containing the extremely easily polymerizable and explosive ligand butadiyne is crystalline and stable at room temperature under inert gas. Complex 1 and the analogous mononuclear complex can be interconverted. Their synthesis opens up new approaches to the commercial use of butadiyne, which is a byproduct of acetylene production (n = 2,3).