gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Similarity Preserving Representation Learning for Time Series Clustering (2019)

A considerable amount of clustering algorithms take instance-feature matrices as their inputs. As such, they cannot directly analyze time series data due to its temporal nature, usually unequal lengths, and complex properties. This is a great pity since many of these algorithms are effective, robust, efficient, and easy to use. In this paper, we bridge this gap by proposing an efficient representation learning framework that is able to convert a set of time series with various lengths to an instance-feature matrix. In particular, we guarantee that the pairwise similarities between time series are well preserved after the transformation , thus the learned feature representation is particularly suitable for the time series clustering task. Given a set of $n$ time series, we first construct an $n\times n$ partially-observed similarity matrix by randomly sampling $\mathcal{O}(n \log n)$ pairs of time series and computing their pairwise similarities. We then propose an efficient algorithm that solves a non-convex and NP-hard problem to learn new features based on the partially-observed similarity matrix. By conducting extensive empirical studies, we demonstrate that the proposed framework is much more effective, efficient, and flexible compared to other state-of-the-art clustering methods.
Synthetic Studies on the Viridin Skeleton through Regio- and Stereoselective Functionalization of the AE-Ring Moiety (2021)

Abstract 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydroisobenzofurans, corresponding to the AC(D)E ring structure of viridin and equipped with required substituents on the A-ring, were synthesized with high regio- and stereoselectivities via the Diels–Alder adduct of a furan derivative and maleic anhydride. The key steps of this work include the regioselective opening of a tetrahydrofuran ring, a stereoselective epoxidation, and an AlMe3-mediated regioselective epoxide opening followed by stereoselective C-methylation.
Low-Power Display System Enabled by Combining Oxide-Semiconductor and Neural-Network Technologies (2017)

Oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (OSFETs) are characterized by their extremely low off-state current. By fabricating both a display and peripheral large-scale integrated circuits with OSFETs, the components can be driven in a normally off manner, thus enabling a display system with low power consumption. We explore herein the feasibility of a more energy-efficient display system, which is achieved by predicting changes in image data and thus more efficiently controlling the power-gate timing. This is done by using an artificial neural network.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Is Detected in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Asymptomatic Endoscopy Patients but Is Unlikely to Pose a Significant Risk to Healthcare Personnel (2022)

Overall, the persistent detection of SARS-CoV-2 in endoscopy samples after resolution of COVID-19 points to the gut as a long-term reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. Since no infectious virions were recovered and SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly inactivated in the presence of colon liquids, it is unlikely that performing endoscopic procedures is associated with a significant infection risk due to undiagnosed asymptomatic or persistent gastrointestinal SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Figure S4 from Spatial Mapping and Immunomodulatory Role of the OX40/OX40L Pathway in Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4&lt;/p&gt;
A General Method for the Preparation of Ethers Using Water‐Resistant Solid Lewis Acids. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nanophotonic particle simulation and inverse design using artificial neural networks (2018)

We propose a method to use artificial neural networks to approximate light scattering by multilayer nanoparticles. We find the network needs to be trained on only a small sampling of the data in order to approximate the simulation to high precision. Once the neural network is trained, it can simulate such optical processes orders of magnitude faster than conventional simulations. Furthermore, the trained neural network can be used solve nanophotonic inverse design problems by using back-propogation - where the gradient is analytical, not numerical.
Energy-Efficient Reliable HZO FeFET Computation-in-Memory with Local Multiply & Global Accumulate Array for Source-Follower & Charge-Sharing Voltage Sensing (2021)

Energy efficient, high throughput, noise immune, high density HZO FeFET Computation-in-Memory (CiM) is proposed. Local Multiply & Global Accumulate Array is realized by source-follower read, which multiplies neural network inputs and weights (FeFET V TH ), and charge-sharing, which accumulates multiplied values. Proposed CiM is immune to read-disturb. After 10-year data-retention, 3 bit/cell FeFET is feasible. ×64 energy efficient, 66 TOPS/W, reliable multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation is achieved.
Closely related macrocyclic and acyclic tridentate, pyridine derivatives, containing sulphur, and their complexes. Crystal structures of {dichloro-3,10-dithia-16-azabicyclo[l0.3.1]hexadeca-1(16),12,14-triene}copper(II) and [2,6-bis(ethyithiomethyl)pyridine]dichlorocopper(II) (1989)

Four closely related, tridentate, pyridine derivatives, containing sulphur, three of them macrocyclic, 3,10-dithia-16-azabicyclo[10.3.1]hexadeca-1 (16),12,14-triene (L1), 3,8- dithia-14-azabicyclo-[8.3.1]tetradeca-1 (14),10,12-triene (L2), 3,7-dithia-13- azabicyclo[7.3.1]trideca-1 (13),9,11 -triene(L3), and one acyclic, 2,6-bis(ethylthiomethyl)pyridine (L4), have been prepared. All contain the same co-ordination elements (NS2) structurally placed in the same fashion, sulphur–methylene–pyridine–methylene–sulphur. Copper complexes of all the ligands and the palladium complex of L1 have also been prepared. The molecular structures of the complexes [CuL1Cl2] and [CuL4Cl2] are described. The latter is monoclinic, space group I2/c, with a= 14.669(6), b= 7.418(4), c= 29.412(8)Å, β= 103.03(4)°, and Z= 8. The former is monoclinic, space group P2/a with a= 14.677(9), b= 7.555(1), c= 29.969(4)Å, β= 101.00(2)°, and Z= 8. The different reactivity of the macrocycle ligand L1 with respect to that of L4 is discussed.
Noise Reduction in a High Lift Wing Using SMAs: Computational Fluid-Structural Analysis (2016)

The leading-edge-slat on an aircraft is a significant contributor to the airframe noise during the low speed maneuvers of approach and landing. It has been shown in previous work that the slat noise may be reduced with a slat-cove filler (SCF). The objective of this current work is to determine how the SMA SCF behaves under steady flow using finite element structural models and finite volume (FV) fluid models based on a scaled wind tunnel model of a newly considered multi-element wing with a SCF. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the wing is conducted at multiple angles of attack, different flow speeds and high lift device deployment states. The FV fluid models make use of overset meshes, which overlap a slave mesh (that can undergo movement and deformation) unto a fixed master mesh, allowing for retraction and deployment of the slat and flap in the CFD analysis. The structural and fluid models are linked using a previously developed framework that permits the use of custom user material subroutines (for superelastic response of the SMA material) in the structural model, allowing for the performance of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. The fluid and structural solvers are weakly coupled such that the fluid solver transfers pressure data and the structural solver transfers displacements, but the physical quantities of each program are solved independently. FSI results are shown for the cases of the slat/SCF in the fully-deployed configuration as well as for the case of the slat/SCF undergoing retraction in flow.
A General Strategy for the Asymmetric Preparation of α‐Stereogenic Allyl Silanes, Germanes, and Boronate Esters via Dual Copper Hydride‐ and Palladium‐Catalysis (2022)

Abstract α‐Stereogenic allyl metalloids are versatile synthetic intermediates which can undergo various stereocontrolled transformations. Most existing methods to prepare α‐stereogenic allyl metalloids involve multi‐step sequences that curtail the number of compatible substrates and are limited to the synthesis of boronates. Here, we report a general method for the enantioselective preparation of α‐stereogenic allyl metalloids utilizing dual CuH‐ and Pd‐catalysis. This approach leverages a stereoretentive Cu‐to‐Pd transmetalation of an in situ generated alkyl copper species to allow access to enantioenriched allyl silanes, germanes, and boronate esters with broad functional group compatibility.
Project lab (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTProject labJane Raymond , John E. Bercaw , Harry B. Gray , Thomas H. Crawford , and Joseph C. Deck Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 2, 137Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1979Published inissue 1 February 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ed056p137.3RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
2,2,2-Trichloro-t-butoxycarbonyl Chloride (2001)

[66270-36-8] C5H6Cl4O2 (MW 239.91) InChI = 1S/C5H6Cl4O2/c1-4(2,5(7,8)9)11-3(6)10/h1-2H3 InChIKey = GMELMFSDPDSXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (easily removable acid- and base-stable protecting group for nitrogen, including amino acids1 and nucleosides;2 protecting group for alcohols3, 4) Alternate Names: TCBOC-Cl. Physical Data: mp 30–32 °C; bp 77–81 °C/12 mmHg. Form Supplied in: colorless solid; commercially available. Preparative Method: from trichloro-t-butanol with Phosgene1 or triphosgene (Bis(trichloromethyl) Carbonate) (eq 1).5 (1) Handling, Storage, and Precautions: moisture sensitive.
Embedded Optimization Algorithms for Steering in Autonomous Vehicles based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (2018)

Steering control for autonomous vehicles on slippery road conditions, such as on snow or ice, results in a highly nonlinear and therefore challenging online control problem, for which nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) schemes have shown to be a promising approach. NMPC allows to deal with the nonlinear vehicle dynamics as well as the system limitations and geometric constraints in a rather natural way, given a desired trajectory that can be provided by a supervisory algorithm for path planning. Our aim is to study the real-time feasibility of NMPC-based steering control on an embedded computer and the importance of the appropriate vehicle model selection, the optimization solver choice and control horizon length. The presented computation times have been obtained on a Raspberry Pi 2 model, as a proof of concept for a future real-world implementation on an embedded microprocessor.
Mice Deficient In Mac-1, A ??2 Integrin, Are Less Susceptible To Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (1997)

Soriano, S G*; Coxon, A†; Wang, Y†; Lipton, S A†; Hickey, P R*; Mayadas, T N† Author Information
Systemc modelization for fast validation of imager architectures (2011)

Development of smart CMOS imagers is a complex design task where the verification of an architecture composed of a matrix of pixels intermixed with analog and digital electronics is playing an important part. New generations of imager using 3D integration will allow even more processing to be done in-situ. Verification has to be done locally for the pixel and globally for the architecture. Design exploration and validation problematic has shifted from mostly the analog domain to the validation of a complex SOC with millions of parallel processors, the pixels. In this paper we present a methodology using the SystemC language for the creation of fast models for validation and a first level evaluation of performance of large CMOS imager architectures.
Rapid alteration of c‐myc and c‐jun expression in leukemic cells induced to differentiate by a butyric acid prodrug (1993)

The novel prodrug of butyric acid (BA), pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate, has been shown, in vitro, to induce differentiation and inhibit leukemic cell proliferation. The prodrug affects the cells in vitro at lower concentration and at least 100 times faster than does (BA). We have compared the ability of BA with that of its prodrug AN-9 to modulate the expression of the early regulating genes, c-myc and c-jun, in HL-60 cells. Exposure of HL-60 cells to the prodrug resulted in a decrease of c-myc and an increase of c-jun expression. The prodrug elicited this effect at lower concentrations and at least 100 times faster than BA. Since changes in the expression of c-myc and c-jun occur minutes after exposure of the cells to the prodrug, these genes are likely to play a major role in the early stages of the differentiation pathway.
The design, development, and implementation of a checklist for intraoperative neuromonitoring changes (2012)

The authors have developed an evidence-based algorithm for the design, development, and implementation of checklists in neurosurgery and have used this algorithm to devise a checklist for responding to intraoperative neuromonitoring alerts in spine surgery.
Local Treg Immunomodulation Cures Metastatic Lymphoma Including CNS Sites (2011)

Abstract Abstract LBA-2 Background: CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) protect cancers from the immune system. They express important functional molecules such as CTLA-4 and Ox40 on their surface. Anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) is the first drug to improve survival of refractory metastatic melanoma. Its recent approval by the FDA/EMEA inaugurates a paradigm shift in cancer therapy where the immune system is targeted rather than the tumor itself. Scientific question: Does local immunomodulation of tumor specific Tregs trigger a systemic anti-tumor immune response and cure disseminated lymphoma? Results: The Tregs that infiltrate the tumor site preferentially express CTLA4 and OX40 compared to their counterparts in the blood and other lymphoid organs, both in mice and in humans. Upon injection of low doses of anti-CTLA4 and anti-OX40 together with CpG, a TLR-9 agonist, directly into the tumor, tumor-specific Tregs are depleted from the tumor-infiltrate. This immunomodulatory combination therapy triggers an anti-tumor immune response able to cure mice with established disseminated disease. The triple combination is uniquely required as neither CpG alone nor mAbs without CpG are effective. The local Treg immunomodulation with anti-CTLA4+anti-OX40+CpG in a single sub-cutaneous tumor eradicates disease in mice with established CNS lymphoma, even with leptomeningeal and spinal cord metastases, whereas chemotherapies or mAb therapy directed against the tumor cells have little effect in the CNS site. Moreover, these cured mice have a long term intra-cranial anti-tumor immunity since they are protected against late intra-cranial re-challenge. Significance: Immunomodulatory antibodies are currently under clinical development for cancer treatment, and their major side effect is the triggering of auto-immune diseases. We show here that injecting very little doses of these antibodies in combination with CpG at one tumor site is sufficient to trigger a systemic anti-tumor response able to eradicate distant sites, including in the CNS which is usually considered a sanctuary site for conventional systemic therapies. Impact: We recently have published positive results of intra-tumoral CpG in patients with follicular Lymphoma (Brody,Levy, et al. JCO, 2010). Anti-CTLA4 has just been FDA approved in patients with metastatic melanoma, and anti-Ox40 antibodies are currently being tested in phase I/II clinical trials. Therefore, the combination described here can be tested in patients with injectable sites of lymphoma, even if they have CNS disease. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Chapitre 7 / Les approches françaises des politiques publiques au temps de pierre muller (2015)

Resume Ce chapitre complete des travaux plus anciens sur « l’approche francaise des politiques publiques ». Il rappelle les apports de differents courants sociologiques a l’analyse des politiques publiques, les travaux du Centre de sociologie des organisations, du Groupe d’analyse des politiques publiques et d’auteurs a l’influence internationale (Michel Crozier, Jean-Gustave Padioleau, Yves Meny, Jean-Claude Thoenig). Il se penche egalement sur les apports de la sociologie marxiste et des travaux empiriques quantitatifs sur les politiques urbaines ou sur le role des groupes d’interet. Il souligne enfin le role de la sociologie influencee par Michel Foucault. Ce detour permet de mieux saisir l’originalite et l’apport profondement politique des travaux de Pierre Muller.
An essential role for NF-kappa B in IL-18-induced IFN-gamma expression in KG-1 cells. (1999)

IL-18 is a multifunctional cytokine playing various regulatory roles in the immune system including induced cytokine production. As a part of our ongoing studies on the molecular mechanisms of IL-18-induced IFN-gamma production, we have examined the transcriptional regulation of the IFN-gamma gene by IL-18 in a human myelomonocytic cell line, KG-1. On the basis of DNA/protein binding, we have determined an IL-18-inducible NF-kappa B binding site located at -786 to -776 of the IFN-gamma gene regulatory region (designated KBBsite). Transient transfection of promoter-reporter gene constructs revealed that the KBBsite is required for full IL-18-induced activation of the IFN-gamma gene transcription induced by IL-18. In addition, stable transformants of a dominant-negative form of the I kappa B alpha showed an inhibition of IL-18-dependent I kappa B alpha degradation, NF-kappa B activation, and expression of IFN-gamma. These results are the first to show the actual significance of the NF-kappa B pathway in the regulation of IFN-gamma gene expression by IL-18.
Keratinocyte Collagenase-1 Expression Requires an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Autocrine Mechanism (1999)

In response to cutaneous injury, expression of collagenase-1 is induced in keratinocytes via alpha2beta1 contact with native type I collagen, and enzyme activity is essential for cell migration over this substratum. However, the cellular mechanism(s) mediating integrin signaling remain poorly understood. We demonstrate here that treatment of keratinocytes cultured on type I collagen with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blocking antibodies or a specific receptor antagonist inhibited cell migration across type I collagen and the matrix-directed stimulation of collagenase-1 production. Additionally, stimulation of collagenase-1 expression by hepatocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta1, and interferon-gamma was blocked by EGFR inhibitors, suggesting a required EGFR autocrine signaling step for enzyme expression. Collagenase-1 mRNA was not detectable in keratinocytes isolated immediately from normal skin, but increased progressively following 2 h of contact with collagen. In contrast, EGFR mRNA was expressed at high steady-state levels in keratinocytes isolated immediately from intact skin but was absent following 2 h cell contact with collagen, suggesting down-regulation following receptor activation. Indeed, tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR was evident as early as 10 min following cell contact with collagen. Treatment of keratinocytes cultured on collagen with EGFR antagonist or heparin-binding (HB)-EGF neutralizing antibodies dramatically inhibited the sustained expression (6-24 h) of collagenase-1 mRNA, whereas initial induction by collagen alone (2 h) was unaffected. Finally, expression of collagenase-1 in ex vivo wounded skin and re-epithelialization of partial thickness porcine burn wounds was blocked following treatment with EGFR inhibitors. These results demonstrate that keratinocyte contact with type I collagen is sufficient to induce collagenase-1 expression, whereas sustained enzyme production requires autocrine EGFR activation by HB-EGF as an obligatory intermediate step, thereby maintaining collagenase-1-dependent migration during the re-epithelialization of epidermal wounds.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Hydrogen-Bonded Oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)−Perylene Bisimide Chiral Assemblies (2002)

Well-defined chiral fibers incorporating hydrogen-bonded oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) donor and perylene bisimide acceptor chromophores have been realized by self-assembly. Upon photoillumination of these fibers electron-transfer takes place, leading to charge separation within the aggregated dyes.
Understanding the Impact of the P-loop Conformation on Kinase Selectivity (2011)

This work addresses the link between selectivity and an unusual, folded conformation for the P-loop observed initially for MAP4K4 and subsequently for other kinases. Statistical and computational analyses of our crystal structure database demonstrate that inhibitors that induce the P-loop folded conformation tend to be more selective, especially if they take advantage of this specific conformation by interacting more favorably with a conserved Tyr or Phe residue from the P-loop.
Ultrashort-pulse generation in the ultraviolet using ionization-induced harmonic generation (1996)

In recent work, we have demonstrated that ionization-induced harmonic generation in gasses is a useful source of very short duration pulses in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet. Using millijoule-energy, 25 fs driving pulses at 800 nm wavelength, we can obtain a third harmonic pulse duration of under 16 fs, measured using the technique of self-diffraction frequency resolved optical gating. Microjoule pulse energy and milliwatt average power can be produced, and the conversion efficiency can be optimized by adjusting the chirp of the input pulse.
Chemistry on the Interface of Natural Products and Combinatorial Chemistry (2006)

Stereochemically and functionally rich natural products are abundantly present in all organisms and are essential ingredients for all life. The influence of natural products in the discovery of new marketed therapeutics continues to be significant in various therapeutic areas. Although the biological machinery in the living organisms generates natural products, synthetic chemistry is the primary method used by the pharmaceutical industry for generating natural product-based molecules. Another approach is the use of multicomponent reactions to rapidly and efficiently construct structurally complex and varied polycyclic natural product-like compounds. Combinatorial chemistry grew in the 1990s as a technology-based solution to the demand for compounds in the high-throughput screening campaigns against various therapeutic targets. Although a significant number of biologically active compounds have been generated by the combinatorial chemistry, the field continues to be criticized for its inability to generate leads and drugs.