gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Two-Stage Model Based Iterative Learning Control Scheme for a Class of MIMO Mismatched Linear Systems (2012)

This paper discusses the tracking control problem for a class of multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) mismatched linear systems, where there are disturbances in different channels from the control input and the real-time feedback signal is not the output of interest. This mismatch makes it difficult to achieve high tracking performance for the interested output. To address this problem, two model based iterative learning control (ILC) algorithms, namely reference ILC and torque ILC, are designed for different injection locations in the closed loop system. An ad hoc hybrid scheme is proposed to make transitions between the two ILC stages for them to work properly at the same time. The proposed scheme is validated through the experimental study on a single-joint indirect drive system.
Intra-articular Injection of HB-IGF-1 Sustains Delivery of IGF-1 to Cartilage through Binding to Chondroitin Sulfate (2010)

Objective: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) stimulates cartilage repair but is not a practical therapy due to its short half-life. We have previously modified IGF-1 by adding a heparin-binding domain and have shown that this fusion protein (HB-IGF-1) stimulates sustained proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage. This study was undertaken to examine the mechanism by which HB-IGF-1 is retained in cartilage and to test whether HB-IGF-1 provides sustained growth factor delivery to cartilage in vivo and to human cartilage explants. Methods: Retention of HB-IGF-1 and IGF-1 was analyzed by Western blotting. The necessity of heparan sulfate (HS) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) for binding was tested using enzymatic removal and cells with genetic deficiency of HS. Binding affinities of HB-IGF-1 and IGF-1 proteins for isolated GAGs were examined by surface plasmon resonance and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In cartilage explants, chondroitinase treatment decreased binding of HB-IGF-1, whereas heparitinase had no effect. Furthermore, HS was not necessary for HB-IGF-1 retention on cell monolayers. Binding assays showed that HB-IGF-1 bound both CS and HS, whereas IGF-1 did not bind either. After intraarticular injection in rat knees, HB-IGF-1 was retained in articular and meniscal cartilage, but not in tendon, consistent with enhanced delivery to CS-rich cartilage. Finally, HB-IGF-1 was retained in human cartilage explants but IGF-1 was not. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that after intraarticular injection in rats, HB-IGF-1 is specifically retained in cartilage through its high abundance of CS. Modification of growth factors with heparin-binding domains may be a new strategy for sustained and specific local delivery to cartilage.
Experience-Dependent Plasticity in S1 Caused by Noncoincident Inputs (2005)

Prior work has shown that coincident inputs became co-represented in somatic sensory cortex. In this study, the hypothesis that the co-representation of digits required synchronous inputs was tested, and the daily development of two-digit receptive fields was observed with cortical implants. Two adult primates detected temporal differences in tap pairs delivered to two adjacent digits. With stimulus onset asynchronies of > or = 100 ms, representations changed to include two-digit receptive fields across the first 4 wk of training. In addition, receptive fields at sites responsive to the taps enlarged more than twofold, and receptive fields at sites not responsive to the taps had no significant areal change. Further training did not increase the expression of two-digit receptive fields. Cortical responses to the taps were not dependent on the interval length. Stimuli preceding a hit, miss, false positives, and true negatives differed in the ongoing cortical rate from 50 to 100 ms after the stimulus but did not differ in the initial, principal, response to the taps. Response latencies to the emergent responses averaged 4.3 ms longer than old responses, which occurs if plasticity is cortical in origin. New response correlations developed in parallel with the new receptive fields. These data show co-representation can be caused by presentation of stimuli across a longer time window than predicted by spike-timing-dependent plasticity and suggest that increased cortical excitability accompanies new task learning.
Dimeric Zanamivir Conjugates with Various Linking Groups Are Potent, Long-Lasting Inhibitors of Influenza Neuraminidase Including H5N1 Avian Influenza (2005)

The synthesis, antiviral and pharmacokinetic properties of zanamivir (ZMV) dimers 8 and 13 are described. The compounds are highly potent neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors which, along with dimer 3, are being investigated as potential second generation inhaled therapies both for the treatment of influenza and for prophylactic use. They show outstanding activity in a 1 week mouse influenza prophylaxis assay, and compared with ZMV, high concentrations of 8 and 13 are found in rat lung tissue after 1 week. Retention of compounds in rat lung tissue correlated both with molecular weight (excluding 3 and 15) and with a capacity factor K' derived from immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography (including 3 and 15). Pharmacokinetic parameters for 3, 8 and 13 in rats show the compounds have short to moderate plasma half-lives, low clearances and low volumes of distribution. Dimer 3 shows NA inhibitory activity against N1 viruses including the recent highly pathogenic H5N1 A/Chicken/Vietnam/8/2004. In plaque reduction assays, 3, 8 and 13 show good to outstanding potency against a panel of nine flu A and B virus strains. Consistent with its shorter and more rigid linking group, dimer 8 has been successfully crystallized.
Crystal structure determination of the silver carboxylate dimer [Ag(O 2 C 22 H 43 )] 2 , silver behenate, using powder X-ray diffraction methods (2011)

High-resolution powder X-ray diffraction has been used to determine the crystal structure of silver behenate, [Ag(O 2 C(CH 2 ) 20 CH 3 ] 2 . Using CASTEP density functional plane wave pseudopotential techniques to obtain an optimized structural model, Rietveld refinement of the structure gives R wp = 8.66%. The unit cell is triclinic, space group P 1 , with cell dimensions of a = 4.1769(2) Å, b = 4.7218(2) Å, c = 58.3385(1) Å, α = 89.440(3)°, β = 89.634(3)°, γ = 75.854(1)°. The structure is characterized by an 8-membered ring dimer of Ag atoms and carboxyl groups with a fully extended all-trans configuration of the alkyl side chains. The dimers are joined by four-membered Ag-O rings creating a polymeric network, giving rise to one-dimensional chains along the b -axis. This structure is supported by EXAFS measurements of the local structure around the silver atoms and IR measurements.
Pattern placement correction methodology for 200 mm SCALPEL masks (2001)

Methods for correcting pattern placement errors found on SCALPEL™ masks are addressed. The methodology and implementation of individual membrane image placement correction is presented, showing its advantages over the global image placement correction method. Local image placement corrections are possible by the unique capability of electron projection lithography (EPL) tools to correct placement errors with electron optical components during exposure while addressing each individual mask membrane. Data of pattern placement on a series of 200 mm SCALPEL masks from different sources was collected. Within the mask set and patterning tools used, the placement errors are similar for all masks regardless of source. Local image placement corrections can reduce placement errors to less than 14 nm, which is less than the 20 nm budget allocated for 100 nm node lithography. Implementation of local image placement correction will permit EPL lithography to be ready for sub-100 nm node lithography without the need to burden existing mask writers on severely stringent pattern placement tolerances or chucking procedures.
Discovery of a Novel, Highly Potent, and Selective Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinone-Based Cdc7 Inhibitor with a Quinuclidine Moiety (TAK-931) as an Orally Active Investigational Antitumor Agent (2020)

In our pursuit of developing a novel, potent, and selective cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7) inhibitor, we optimized the previously reported thieno[3,2-<i>d</i>]pyrimidinone analogue <b>I</b> showing time-dependent Cdc7 kinase inhibition and slow dissociation kinetics. These medicinal chemistry efforts led to the identification of compound <b>3d</b>, which exhibited potent cellular activity, excellent kinase selectivity, and antitumor efficacy in a COLO205 xenograft mouse model. However, the issue of formaldehyde adduct formation emerged during a detailed study of <b>3d</b>, which was deemed an obstacle to further development. A structure-based approach to circumvent the adduct formation culminated in the discovery of compound <b>11b</b> (<b>TAK-931</b>) possessing a quinuclidine moiety as a preclinical candidate. In this paper, the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of this series of compounds will be presented.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 drives the high-fat diet-associated prostate cancer growth (2019)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. PCa progression can be associated with obesity. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) plays a crucial role in PCa growth. However, whether STAT3 plays a role in high-fat diet (HFD)-associated PCa growth is unknown. Our data show that HFD feeding increases tumor size, STAT3 phosphorylation, and palmitic acid (PA) level in the xenograft tissues of the PCa-bearing xenograft mouse model. In vitro studies show that PA increases STAT3 expression and phosphorylation (STAT3-Y705) in PCa. Computational modeling suggests strong and stable binding between PA and unphosphorylated STAT3 at R593 and N538. The binding changes STAT3 structure and activity. Functional studies show that both STAT3 mutants (R583A and N538A) and STAT3 dominant negative significantly reduce PA-enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation, PA-increased PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In the xenograft mouse models, the HFD-increased tumor growth and STAT3 phosphorylation in tumors are reversed by STAT3 inhibition. Our study not only demonstrates the regulatory role of PA/STAT3 axis in HFD-associated PCa growth but also suggests a novel mechanism of how STAT3 is activated by PA. Our data suggest STAT3 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of HFD-associated PCa.
Construction and Testing of a Plasmonic Sensor Using an Amplifier System (One Cavity and Two Rings) with Two Plasmonic Waveguides (2021)

In this study, we seek to analyze and numerically evaluate a plasmonic sensor. To form the sensor structure, we use several amplifiers, such as two rings attached to each other and a cavity, as well as two metal insulating metal waveguides (MIM). At the beginning of this simulation, we must examine the resonant wavelengths and the refractive index of the resonators using the finite difference time domain method. By changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions of the cavity and the rims, we seek to investigate the sensor performance and the conduction characteristics of the plasmonics and to obtain the effect of these parameters. To evaluate the sensor performance, we calculate the three factors of sensitivity coefficient S, quality factor Q and figure of merit (FOM), here we reach the sensitivity of 987.6 nm / RIU. Such a plasmonic sensor with a simple framework and high optical resolution can be very useful for sensor systems on optical circuits.
Modular Multilevel Converter Machine Drive using current source H-bridges (2013)

This paper proposes a Machine Drive based on a Modular Multilevel Converter. The proposed converter uses current source cells with asymmetrical IGCTs as switching devices. A control scheme to manage the input and output current and, additionally, reduce the oscillations in the inductors currents is also proposed. The resulting machine drive will exhibit high power and high dynamical performance as shown in the simulation results.
Zwitterionic clusters with dianion core produced by electrospray ionisation of Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (2012)

New Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) are prepared by treating zwitterions, which are composed of an imidazolium cation and a sulfonate anion, with an alkanedisulfonic acid. Acidification of the zwitterions produces the cation and deprotonation of the alkanedisulfonic acid forms the anion of the new BAILs. Direct laser desorption/ionisation (LDI), matrix-assisted LDI (MALDI) and electrospray ionisation (ESI) are employed to transfer ions into the gas-phase for detection by mass spectrometry and for dissociation studies by tandem mass spectrometry. The components of the BAILs are confirmed by LDI and MALDI by the detection of the respective cation and anion and by ESI by the observation of the cation and the dianion. A prominent feature of ESI is the formation of aggregates (cluster ions). Positively charged cluster ions are formally composed of multiple zwitterions plus one additional proton. In the negative-ion mode the clusters also incorporate the zwitterions which are, however, linked with the alkanedisulfonate dianion. In collision-induced dissociations (CID), the cationic aggregates show the evaporation of zwitterions until the protonated zwitterion is reached. Similarly, the cluster dianions release zwitterions until the free alkane disulfonate dianion is reached. However, the 1:1 adduct of dianion and zwitterion also displays proton transfer and Coulomb explosion into the mono-protonated disulfonic mono-anion and an imidazole-based carbene with sulfonate mono-anion.
Toward an Exergue on the Future of Différance (2020)

In Of Grammatology, Derrida discusses Leroi-Gourhan in relating différance to memory, the ‘program’, and the history of life. In Technics and Time, 1, Stiegler argues that Derrida failed to draw all the philosophical implications of linking différance to the questions of life and retention. Derrida returned to the life sciences in 1975, in a seminar not published in its entirety until 2019. There, Derrida attempts to deconstruct the geneticist François Jacob's account of the ‘logic of life’, but Derrida's analysis of different kinds of memory and programs seems confused, suggesting that the Derridean text remains haunted by the deficiencies of his earlier reading of Leroi-Gourhan. Later in the seminar, Derrida shows foresight concerning the problems arising from seeing the genetic molecule as akin to a computer program, despite Jacob making this link via Schrödinger and Wiener's discussions of negentropy. When Derrida turns to a reading of Freud and libidinal energy, however, he ‘assumes’ a reading of Laplanche but ignores the latter's critique of Freud's own preoccupations with the second law of thermodynamics. The limitations of Derrida's attempts to bring deconstruction together with scientific understanding expose the need for the kind of ‘organological’ and ‘neganthropological’ approach that Stiegler will ultimately pursue.
Soundscape collaboration for science, management, and public outreach at a national historic site (2011)

Scientists and engineers involved in soundscape research at national parks and historic sites have the opportunity to collaborate with park management and public outreach professionals. The technical and signal processing considerations of the acoustician can complement the management and regulatory considerations of the park supervisors and the public awareness and outreach efforts of the professional staff and interpretive rangers. The triad of science, policy, and outreach involves all of the key stakeholders in soundscape assessment and evaluation. Examples of collaborative activity at a U.S. National Historic Site are presented.
“How Much Does My Implant Weigh?”: Addressing Patient Concern about Weight Gain after Total Hip Arthroplasty (2019)

Abstract A common concern for patients undergoing joint replacement is that the implant will increase their body weight. In an effort to determine if in fact the joint implant is heavier than the bone removed during surgery, the authors conducted a 3-year review from 11/2014 to 11/2017 of 339 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures performed by a single surgeon. In the 339 patients, the bone and tissue removed from the patient was weighed. Using the known weights of each component (cup, head, and stem), the authors calculated the total mass of the hip prosthetic implant. Using deidentified patient data, they reviewed only the weight of bone and tissue removed and the calculated weight of the implant placed in each THA performed by the single surgeon. They subtracted the mass of the bone and tissue removed during surgery from the total mass of the hip implant to determine the net weight differential in the patient following surgery and calculated an average net weight gain of 124.84 g in the 339 patients who underwent THA. This weight gain of 124.84 g is equivalent to 0.275 lbs. Previous studies have only looked at weight gain or loss following total joint replacement with respect to natural weight loss/gain that may be associated with improved mobility following surgery. This is the first study to measure the actual quantifiable net weight differential due to the joint replacement itself. The authors concluded that no appreciable weight gain following THA can be attributed to the weight of the implant.
Photocatalytic and bioactive TiO2 thin films deposited by vacuum arc (2012)

Improving biomedical implants via deposition of functionalised surface coatings is a growing field of research. With respect to implant surfaces, infections present a major problem, and result most ...
Methods, systems and apparatus for controlling operation of two alternating current (AC) machines (2023)

A system is provided for controlling two AC machines. The system comprises a DC input voltage source that provides a DC input voltage, a voltage boost command control module (VBCCM), a five-phase PWM inverter module coupled to the two AC machines, and a boost converter coupled to the inverter module and the DC input voltage source. The boost converter is designed to supply a new DC input voltage to the inverter module having a value that is greater than or equal to a value of the DC input voltage. The VBCCM generates a boost command signal (BCS) based on modulation indexes from the two AC machines. The BCS controls the boost converter such that the boost converter generates the new DC input voltage in response to the BCS. When the two AC machines require additional voltage that exceeds the DC input voltage required to meet a combined target mechanical power required by the two AC machines, the BCS controls the boost converter to drive the new DC input voltage generated by the boost converter to a value greater than the DC input voltage.
High performance 8-arrayed 1 × 8 optical switch based on planar lightwave circuit for photonic networks (2002)

By optimising the design of a silica waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a thermo-optic phase shifter, the switch characteristics were improved. Fabricated 8-arrayed 1times8 switches exhibited a high extinction ratio without optical length adjustment after fabrication
<title>Fractal transform: definition, applications, and optical implementation</title> (1993)

A new automatic target recognition (ATR) technique called fractal transform is presented. The fractal transform is a combination of fractal image processing and the Hough transform. A measurement of the power spectral density (PSD) of an input scene was performed using a ring-wedge detector to obtain a log (PSP) vs. log (spatial frequency) plot. By analyzing the log-log plot by the Hough transform and a neural network, the ATR operation based on fractal transform is achieved.
Higher SaO2 in chronic neonatal lung disease: Does it improve sleep? (1998)

Sleep fragmentation, decreased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time, and REM sleep hypoxemia have been reported in infants with chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD) in early infancy despite an awake hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) >93%. Interestingly, higher inspired O2 concentrations have been demonstrated to reduce REM sleep fragmentation in CNLD patients in middle infancy. However, the effect of increased SaO2 on sleep architecture in infants with CNLD near the time of discharge from neonatal intensive care has not been reported. We performed paired overnight polysomnography in a sleep laboratory on 16 infants with CNLD (4 weeks median corrected age) in air or their usual inspired oxygen (SaO2 >93%) and again when receiving 0.25 L/min higher than baseline inspired oxygen via nasal catheters (SaO2 >97%). A control group of seven healthy preterm infants was similarly studied. For CNLD infants on supplemented O2, sleep duration decreased by 15% (422 ± 66 min vs. 359 ± 89 min; P < 0.005), and sleep efficiency decreased by 7% (73.2 ± 10.6% vs. 66.4 ± 14.0%; P < 0.005) but percentage of time in REM sleep (REM%) (31.5 ± 8.9% vs. 29.8 ± 8.6%; P = 0.560), REM epoch duration (12.4 ± 2.8 min vs. 13.4 ± 4.3 min; P = 0.420), and REM arousal index (18.6 ± 6.5 vs. 18.8 ± 7.2; P = 0.990) were not significantly affected. Conversely, higher O2 did not alter sleep architecture in the control group. The mean non-REM (NREM) respiratory rate decreased (CNLD: P = 0.003; controls: P = 0.02), NREM SaO2 increased (P < 0.05), although the mean transcutaneous CO2 was unaltered in both CNLD and control groups. This study confirmed low REM% in CNLD infants in early infancy and demonstrated that a higher SaO2 adversely affected sleep time but did not influence REM sleep duration or arousal frequency. A target SaO2 >93% is, therefore, as efficacious as an SaO2 >97% in optimizing sleep architecture in CNLD infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1998; 26:235–240. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Computer-aided choice of assembly methods and selection of equipment in production line design (1999)

Doctorat en sciences appliquées
Data hiding in hard-copy text documents robust to print, scan and photocopy operations (2009)

This paper describes a method for hiding data inside printed text documents that is resilient to print/scan and photocopying operations. Using the principle of channel coding with side information, the embedder inserts a message into a text document while treating the content of the document as known interference. The data is embedded by making small changes to text characters before the document is printed. Using a simple correlation-based detector in conjunction with an error correction code, the hidden data can be extracted from a photocopy of the printed document. By enhancing the detector with an optical character recognition algorithm, the embedded data can be extracted even after multiple rounds of photocopying. Results from subjective tests show that the changes made by the embedding algorithm, while perceptible, are not obtrusive to a lay reader.
Is polypharmacy associated with mortality in the very old: Findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study (2022)

Polypharmacy is common in the very old (≥85 years), where little is known about its association with mortality. We aimed to investigate the association between polypharmacy and all-cause mortality in the very old, over an 11-year time period. Data were drawn from the Newcastle 85+ Study (741), a cohort of people who were born in 1921 and turned 85 in 2006. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates, wherein polypharmacy was operationalised continuously. Each additional medication prescribed was associated with a 3% increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.06). Amongst the very old, the risks and benefits of each additional medication prescribed should be carefully considered.