gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Do radio mini-halos and gas heating in cool-core clusters have a common origin? (2015)

Abstract In this Letter, we present a study of the central regions of cool-core clusters hosting radio mini-halos, which are diffuse synchrotron sources extended on cluster-scales surrounding the radio-loud brightest cluster galaxy. We aim to investigate the interplay between the thermal and non-thermal components in the intracluster medium in order to get more insights into these radio sources, whose nature is still unclear. It has recently been proposed that turbulence plays a role for heating the gas in cool cores. By assuming that mini-halos are powered by the same turbulence, we expect that the integrated radio luminosity of mini-halos, νPν, depends on the cooling flow power, PCF, which in turn constrains the energy available for the non-thermal components and emission in the cool-core region. We carried out a homogeneous re-analysis of X-ray Chandra data of the largest sample of cool-core clusters hosting radio mini-halos currently available (∼20 objects), finding a quasi-linear correlation, $\nu P_{\nu } \propto P_{\rm CF}^{0.8}$. We show that the scenario of a common origin of radio mini-halos and gas heating in cool-core clusters is energetically viable, provided that mini-halos trace regions where the magnetic field strength is B ≫ 0.5 μG.
Polymer-Supported Haloarene Chromium Dicarbonyl Isonitrile Complexes:  A Study of Their Synthesis and Reactivity (2003)

Different arene Cr(CO)(3) complexes were supported on a polystyrene isonitrile resin by photochemical-promoted replacement of a chromium carbonyl ligand by the NC group. The supported complexes proved to be stable and were successfully used for further transformations. In particular, the reactivity of dichlorobenzene complexes to different nucleophiles was investigated and found to be comparable with that of the parent Cr(CO)(3) complexes.
Why Do You Write This? Prediction of Influencers from Word Use (2014)

With the widespread usage of social media, there has been much effort on detecting influential users for different in-formation propagation applications. An inherent limitation of such methods is that they can only detect influential users after such users show observable signals of influence. How-ever, in many real world applications including a counter-campaign, an organization needs a way to detect influencers early, so that they can take appropriate measure before it is too late to intervene. In this work, we present a method to detect such would-be influencers from their prior word us-age in social media. We compute psycholinguistic category scores from word usage, and investigate how people with different scores exhibited different influence behaviors on Twitter. We also found psycholinguistic categories that show significant correlations with such behaviors, and built predictive models of influence from such category based features. Our experiments using a real world dataset vali-dates that such predictions can be done with reasonable ac-curacy.
Development of Highly Efficient a-Si:H/µc-Si:H Tandem Thin Film Solar Cells on 5.7m² Size Glass Substrates (2008)

High performance of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem junction solar cell was demonstrated on large glass (5.7m2) using radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) technique. Tandem junction cells showed excellent uniformity of film thickness (&lt; 10%) and crystalline fraction (&lt; 5%), and high conversion efficiency was obtained from cell (11.3%) and 30x30 cm2 module (9.63%). Applied SunFabTM Solar Module Production Line enables customers to manufacture world class, 5.7m2 thin film silicon photovoltaic modules. The Applied SunFabTM Line delivers state-of-the-art manufacturing capability needed to produce the lowest cost per watt modules.
5G exchange for inter-domain resource sharing (2016)

Market segmentation and technological heterogeneity are major obstacles along the way towards the realization of fast service creation expected to be part the fifth generation network feature set. In this paper we present our vision of creating a 5G Exchange that remove these obstacles by enabling the orchestration of networking and service resources in an automated way across technological and administrative domains, We describe the challenges and our motivation, the proposed networking architecture framework, showing and its relation to current standardization efforts. We present the next steps in terms of implementation and experimentation, and propose a sandbox environment where partners may experiment with life-size multidomain network orchestration.
Reactivity Studies of the Zirconium Alkylidene Complexes [η5-C5H3-1,3-(SiMe2CH2PPri2)2]ZrCHR(Cl) (R = Ph, SiMe3) (1999)

Reactivity studies of the zirconium alkylidene complexes [P2Cp]ZrCHR(Cl) (1a, R = Ph; 1b, R = SiMe3; [P2Cp] = η5-C5H3-1,3-(SiMe2CH2PPri2)2) are described. The reaction of 1 with ethylene follows second-order kinetics to give the ethylene complex [P2Cp]Zr(η2-C2H4)Cl (2), the structure of which was determined by X-ray crystallography. Addition of acetone to 1 generates the alkene RCHCMe2, although the anticipated Zr oxo species could not be isolated from this reaction. An insertion of CO into the ZrC bond of 1 yields the ketene complex [P2Cp]Zr(η2-C,O-OCCHR)Cl (3), while the reaction with tert-butyl isocyanide gives the analogous ketenimine complex [P2Cp]Zr(η2-C,N-ButNCCHR)Cl (4). The structure of ketene 3a (R = Ph), determined by X-ray diffraction, exhibits the E geometry, with the position of the ketene unit with respect to the ancillary [P2Cp] ligand being opposite to that in the configuration of the precursor alkylidene 1a. The ketene complex 3 reacts with ethylene to give [P2Cp]Zr(η2-C,O-CH2CH2C(O)CHR)Cl (5). The molecular structure of 5b (R = SiMe3) was obtained by X-ray diffraction and reveals a five-membered zirconaoxacycle arising from the insertion of ethylene into the Zr−C bond of the ketene, which is subsequently coordinated to the metal as an enolate ligand. 5 undergoes a final insertion reaction with CO to give the asymmetric η2-acyl−ylide complex 6. For each reaction detailed above, dissociation of a labile pendant phosphine donor provides an open site for reactivity.
Analysis and optimal use of GNSS pseudo-range delays in urban canyons (2006)

GNSS penetration into the mass market will generate new services in particular in urban areas. Some of these applications will need relative accurate positions, not available today in such environment because of masking obstacles that cause signal blockage and positioning errors. The aim of this paper is to introduce the propagation phenomena and the way to compute and process them. Two approaches are introduced that will use the predicted knowledge of the environment and its impact in order to provide better accuracy
Real-Time Monitoring for Toxicity Caused by Harmful Algal Blooms and Other Water Quality Perturbations (2001)

Abstract : This a report of activities performed under a collaborative agreement between the U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research (USACEHR) and the University of Maryland Aquatic pathobiology Center (UM APC) These activities support the USACEHR. and their US EPA EMPACT project entitled Real Time Monitoring for toxicity Caused by Harmful Algal Blooms and Other Water Quality Perturbations. The overall objective of the USACEH APC collaborative was to test a biomonitoring system with sentinel fish under laboratory conditions, with exposures to temperature fluctuation, hypoxia, and a harmful algal bloom toxin, brevetoxin. We also developed a 14C-labeled 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography method to examine changes in central nervous system activity, and conducted pathological examinations, in fish exposed to brevetoxin. In the temperature fluctuation experiment, each daily 5C rise in temperature was associated with minor elevations in ventilatory rate and depressions in ventilatory depth. Fish exposed to hypoxia showed temporal elevations in R with minor associated depressions in ventilatory depth, and elevations in cough rate. In a l9C brevetoxin experiment (49microng/L), fish responded with a minor temporal elevation in ventilatory rate and a suppression of ventilatory depth. In a 25C brevetoxin experiment 53microng/L, there was also a minor elevated spike in VR. However, there was also a major elevated spike in cough rate and percent movement. The brains of fish exposed to 49microng brevetoxin showed notably higher incorporation of 2-deoxyglucose compared with control and vehicle fish. Histopathological observations indicated no significant difference between control fish and brevetoxin exposed fish. Outreach for this project has been in the form of poster presentations at two well-recognized scientific meetings, and a website (http://aqpuaticpath.umd.edu/empact) developed and maintained by the UM Aquatic Pathology Center.
Scalable graphene platform for Tbits/s data transmission (2020)

To date, no electro-optic platform enables devices with high bandwidth, small footprint, and low power consumption, while also enabling mass production. Here we demonstrate high-yield fabrication of high-speed graphene electro-absorption modulators using CVD-grown graphene. We minimize variation in device performance from graphene inhomogeneity over large area by engineering graphene-mode overlap and device capacitance to ensure high extinction ratio. We fabricate an 8 mm x 1 mm chip with 32 graphene electro-absorption modulators and measure 94% yield with bit error rate below the hard-decision forward error correction limit at 7 Gbits/s, amounting to a total aggregated data rate of 210 Gbits/s. Monte Carlo simulations show that data rates &gt; 0.6 Tbits/s are within reach by further optimizing device cross-section, paving the way for graphene-based ultra-high data rate applications.
Edge Transport (ETRA): Edge Transport Protocol Architecture for Next Generation Mobile IoT Systems (2019)

Next generation mobile IoT systems such as autonomous vehicles, mobile robotic and drone systems demand new ways to integrate programmable edge compute and networking resources to manage and control them in real time. Current solutions to support real-time information delivery and sharing, handling mobility, multicasting and service migration need to evolve. In this paper, we look at the unique features of these IoT systems that take advantage of high bandwidth wireless communications and edge computing. To address these challenges, we examine the capabilities needed in a new transport architecture for edge networks (ETRA) to handle low latency (and high bandwidth) real-time data streams from mobile IoT systems that also require services to handle mobility, service migration, data replication and reliability. We exemplify ETRA's functionality considering the case for augmented vehicular reality, wherein autonomous vehicles share their sensors' point clouds with each other over a managed edge infrastructure.
Optimization of the temperature dependence of the anode-side current gain of IGBTs by field-stop design (2010)

The temperature dependence of the anode-side current gain α pnp of IGBTs is an essential criterion for the minimization of the total power losses of power-semiconductor devices. We propose a new method to reduce this dependence by using field-stop zones that contain doping atoms with deep levels in the band gap of silicon. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a deep-level doping of the field-stop significantly reduces the temperature dependence of the turn-off losses.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Interleukin-6 and Oncostatin-M Synergize with the PI3K/AKT Pathway to Promote Aggressive Prostate Malignancy in Mouse and Human Tissues (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 5091K, Expression of IL6 or OSM in the context of PTEN loss drive malignant invasion of epithelial cells into the surrounding mesenchyme.&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract A36: The cytolytic and anti-leukemic potential of ex vivo differentiated NK cells is confined in the CD94 positive population (2017)

Abstract Adoptive transfer of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells represents a promising treatment approach against acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We developed a cytokine-based culture method for the generation of NK cells derived from CD34+hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) isolated from fresh umbilical cord blood (UCB). Immuno-phenotyping of ex vivo expanded NK cells showed typical inhibitory and activating NK receptors except for CD16 and the KIR receptors. CB-derived NK cells displayed good cytolytic activity and phenotypic analysis showed that the lytic potential of these ex vivo differentiated NK was associated with their expression level of CD94. We further characterized UCB-derived NK cells by investigating in vivo their toxicity, biodistribution, and anti-leukemic potential. For this purpose, immune deficient mice were engrafted with a patient derived AML strain. We showed that in vivo only the CD94+ NK cells survive and form conjugate with leukemic blasts. The characterization of CD94+ cells and the involvement of CD94 and its ligand in the regulation of these ex vivo differentiated allogenic NK cells lytic activity will be discussed. Our findings suggest that CD94+ NK selection could be a pertinent approach to select highly functional expanded NK cells before therapeutic use. Citation Format: Salem Chouaib, Nadine Saleh Khalifé, Meriem Hasmim, Yanyan Zhang, Manale Doldur, Jean Henri Bouhris, Fawzia Louache. The cytolytic and anti-leukemic potential of ex vivo differentiated NK cells is confined in the CD94 positive population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; 2017 Jan 18-22; Cape Town, South Africa. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(22 Suppl):Abstract nr A36.
Ion States and Transport in Styrenesulfonate Methacrylic PEO9 Random Copolymer Ionomers (2015)

Random ionomers based on methacryl poly(ethylene oxide) with nine ethylene oxide units on the side chain and sodium sulfonated styrene (NaSS) are synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The glass transition temperature increases gradually as ions are incorporated at low ion content then more strongly as the ion content reaches 51 mol % NaSS comonomer (1:9 ion to ether oxygen (EO) ratio), exceeding the polarizability volume overlap for contact pairs at 35 mol % NaSS comonomer. Ionomers with 51 and 70 mol % NaSS comonomer show microphase separation, as determined by X-ray scattering, where ion-rich microphases have glass transition temperature Tg = 165 °C excluding many of the PEO side chains, which primarily reside in a dilute ion-pair microphase. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the fraction of sulfonates in three different association states that can be related to the static dielectric constant from dielectric relaxation spectroscopy through the Onsager equation. The ionomer with 10 mol % NaSS comonomer exhibits the highest room-temperature conductivity (∼10–7 S/cm) that results from the best combination of number density of simultaneously conducting ions and their mobility, with no ion-rich microphase below 100 °C.
Air-coupled 40-KHZ ultrasonic 2D-phased array based on a 3D-printed waveguide structure (2017)

We present a fully-populated 8×8 2D-phased array, capable of emitting directed air-coupled ultrasound at 40 kHz with λ/2-pitch size for zero grating lobes. In comparison to our previous work, in which we describe a 1D-phased array, we use 3D-printing to realize the wave guide structure. Besides the key idea to separate the vibrating from the acoustic aperture, the 3D-printing approach allows implementing a versatile fullypopulated air-coupled 2D-phased array transducer with superior performance. We are using commercially available transducers with a diameter of 10mm on the vibrating aperture side. Focal laws and beam steering true time delays are calculated by a custom FPGA board, extended with ultrasound pulsers. The array features beam steering in two directions over an opening angle of 110° with outstanding sound pressure levels (SPL) exceeding 145 dB SPL and 136 dB SPL at a distance of 0.3m and 1 m, respectively. The main lobe is symmetric and has a full angle of about 14° (− 3 dB). Our results prove that the approach of using the 3D-printed waveguide structure has the potential to be useful for numerous ultrasonic air-coupled applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Protection of Alcohols as Their (p‐Methoxybenzyloxy)methyl Ethers. (1988)

Abstract p‐Methoxybenzyl chloromethyl ether (IV) is prepared from the alkoxide (I) via the intermediate sulfide (III).
A novel technique for measuring the maximum radius of a sonoluminescing bubble (1994)

Single bubbles are acoustically levitated in a rectangular standing wave resonator filled with clean liquid that has been ‘‘degassed.’’ The acoustic pressure of the sound field induces radial oscillations in the bubble of sufficient magnitude to cause them to sonoluminesce. Measurements of the maximum diameter are then made using a video imaging system composed of a microscope, CCD, and digitizing computer. These diameter measurements are compared to the light emission intensity as measured by a photomultiplier tube (PMT) and single photon counter (SPC). Both measurements of light intensity and diameter are made for pure water and several aqueous solutions. The results of this experiment as well as the accuracy and precision will be discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]
Predicting shoppers' interest from social interactions using sociometric sensors (2009)

Marketing research has longed for better ways to measure consumer behavior. In this paper, we explore using sociometric data to study social behaviors of group shoppers. We hypothesize that the interaction patterns among shoppers will convey their interest level, predicting probability of purchase. To verify our hypotheses, we observed co-habiting couples shopping for furniture. We have verified that there are sensible differences in customer behavior depending on their interest level. When couples are interested in an item they observe the item for a longer duration of time and have a more balanced speaking style. A real-time prediction model was constructed using a decision tree with a prediction accuracy reaching 79.8% and a sensitivity of 63%.
Cardioprotective effects of N‐hydroxyguanidine PR5 in myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion in rats (1999)

1. The potential for the N-hydroxyguanidine compound PR5 (N-(3, 4-dimethoxy-2-chlorobenzylideneamino)-N'-hydroxyguanidine) as a cardioprotective agent in heart ischaemia and reperfusion injury was investigated using rat models. 2. Administration of 1-10 mg kg-1 of PR5 5 min before 10 min of left coronary artery occlusion, followed by 20 min reperfusion, strongly inhibited reperfusion burst of arrhythmias and markedly improved the survival of the animals (e.g. ventricular fibrillation incidence 93 vs 43% (P<0.05); mortality 47 vs 0% (P<0.05), for controls and for 3 mg kg-1 of PR5, respectively). 3. Administration of 3 mg kg-1 of PR5 1 min before reperfusion to rats subjected to 10 min occlusion, 20 min reperfusion was most effective in reducing arrhythmias and decreasing mortality (43 vs 0%, P<0.05), but effects were also seen when PR5 was administered 0, 1 and 5 min after start of reperfusion. 4. Coronary occlusion/reperfusion (10 - 20 min) increased malondialdehyde (MDA) of rat hearts (0.88+/-0.13 for sham vs 1.45+/-0.12 nmol mg-1 protein for ischaemic; P<0.05). In rats where 3 mg kg-1 PR5 were administered 1 min before reperfusion the increase was attenuated (MDA being 1.04+/-0.12; P<0.05 vs ischaemic). 5. PR5 caused a substantial reduction of the infarction size in rats subjected to 180 min left coronary artery occlusion, followed by 120 min of reperfusion; the necrotic zone being 326+/-32 mg for controls vs 137+/-21 mg for animals treated with 3x3 mg kg-1 of PR5 (P<0.01). 6. PR5 reduced the elevation of the ST-segment of the ECGs, as well as caused pronounced attenuation of the rapid blood pressure drop seen at the start of reperfusion following coronary artery occlusion. 7 We conclude that the N-hydroxyguanidine PR5 provides remarkable protection against ischaemia and reperfusion induced myocardial necrosis and life-threatening arrhythmias. These effects of PR5 are discussed in relation to a recently discovered ability of N-hydroxyguanidines to function as electron acceptors at the xanthine oxidase enzyme.
Transcriptome of mouse uterus by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE): Comparison with skeletal muscle (2004)

The aim of this study was to identify the transcriptome of the normal mouse uterus by Serial Analysis of Gene Expression method. mRNA was extracted from the uterus and also from the gastrocnemius muscle of mice. Short sequences (tags), each one usually corresponding to a distinct transcript, were isolated and concatemerized into long DNA molecules which were cloned and sequenced. We detected 44,484 tags for the uterus and 42,518 tags for the muscle, representing 14,543 and 14,958 potential transcript species, respectively. Seventy-five and sixty-nine genes were expressed at more than 0.1%, thus corresponding to 37 and 34% of the mRNA population detected in the respective tissues. In both cases, the most highly expressed genes are especially involved in muscle contraction, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis. Compared to skeletal muscle, some differentially expressed genes in the uterus are likely to correspond to its specific reproductive functions. The majority of these genes remain to be characterized. More than 70% of the different tags detected in the uterus did not match any sequence in the public databases and can represent novel or poorly identified genes. This study is the first quantitative description of the transcriptome of the uterus.
A Survey of AI Enabled Edge Computing for Future Networks (2021)

We have been talking about 5G and beyond (B5G) in IEEE future networks. The Exabyte of data moving from Cloud enabled edge to distributed edge has led to a push for local processing at the edge. We start with what is intelligence and how to distribute it in light of Edge resources. It started with a need for a nimble edge, essentially microdata centers to another extreme "replace every O-RAN and BBUs with a Hyperscale DC". We try to ascertain through this survey can Intelligent devices termed xPU (covering GPUs, FPGAs, SoCs and NVME and many more) provide functional baseline for lowering power consumption & performance, to support AI and ML to deliver edge native low latency & ultra-reliable functions beyond 5G as a better alternative? This is a survey of different industry parties to enable innovation and intelligent edge local processing, discovering challenges and trends to arrive at runtime baseline and abstractions. The survey covers the challenges of different evolving architectures x86, ARM, RISC-V with players like Intel, NVIDIA, Microsoft, IBM, Google & Amazon to name a few. The common theme turns out to be intelligent connected edge services on mini–Data Center as one option while the Edge focus to be Scalable, Secure, Reliable, Performant & Automated platform & Services. We have Reference, Glossary at the end for acronyms used.
Iridium-alloy processing experience in FY 1989 (1990)

Iridium-alloy blanks and foil are produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for use as fuel cladding material in radioisotope thermoelectric generators for space power sources. Until 1984, the material was produced from small 500-g drop castings. A new process has been developed in which consumable electrodes of about 10 kg are arc melted, extruded, and then rolled to produce the sheet products. The work performed during FY 1989 included the arc melting of three electrodes and the extruding and rolling to sheet of three billets. Significant improvements have been made in the extruding and arc-melting processes. Preliminary results show that these improvements have had an important effect in increasing the rate of blank acceptance in nondestructive evaluations. 4 refs., 33 figs., 11 tabs.