gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development Environment for Automatic Generation of Clinical Data Acquisition System (2006)

This paper discusses the development environment that automatically generates software intended to execute arbitrarily defined functions. Software that we develop can be regarded as a kind of development environment or development platform, and its purpose is the automatic generation of the clinical data acquisition system that supports arbitrary clinical researches. Methods: Basically, the clinical data acquisition system consists of the interface, the data storage and the clinical research protocols. Our development environment generates these components automatically according to the ontology written by the end user, e.g. a clinical researcher. A clinical data acquisition system is then generated. Results: Our development environment consists of the interface generation module, the database generation module, the temporary data storage generation module for CDA (clinical document architecture), and the ontologies. Ontology is a method of expressing structured information and can be regarded as a knowledge base serialized by XML format. These ontologies are constructed by domain experts who want a clinical research support system. Ontology describes clinical data items, the interface design and the database schema of a clinical data acquisition system. The development environment parses these ontologies and secures the information on how to generate a clinical data acquisition system. Conclusion: This study can be utilized to develop the clinical data acquisition system in oriental medicine.
Cu-Substituted NiF2 as a Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries (2018)

Metal fluorides usually have a large electronegativity and are promising electrode materials for high-power lithium-ion batteries. However, like other conversion-reaction-based materials, large volumetric expansions and large capacity losses in cycling are the major issues for metal fluorides. Here, we explore substitution of Ni with Cu for binary NiF<sub>2</sub> and its effects on the electrochemical properties. By in situ transmission electron microscopy, the structural evolutions of several ternary metal fluorides with different Cu/Ni ratios are observed and correlated with their electrochemical properties. With increased Cu substitution from 0 to 25 wt %, the areal expansion during the first lithiation is reduced. Meanwhile, the fluorine loss (due to reaction irreversibility) in the delithiation cycle is also reduced. This provides an explanation for the advantage of Cu substitution for improved cycling stability and capacity. We believe that our observations provide insight into the development of better ternary metal fluorides as cathodes for high power density lithium-ion batteries.
Antineoplastic activity of 2‐methoxyestradiol in human pancreatic and gastric cancer cells with different multidrug‐resistant phenotypes (2007)

2-ME2 may therefore have clinical application for chemoresistant cancer.
Software-Defined LANs for Interconnected Smart Environment (2015)

In this paper, we propose a solution to delegate the control and the management of the network connecting the many devices of a smart environment to a software entity, while keeping end-users in control of what is happening in their networks. For this, we rely on the logical manipulation of all connected devices through device abstraction and network programmability. Applying Software Defined Networking (SDN) principles, we propose a software-based solution that we call Software-Defined LANs in order to interconnect devices of smart environments according to the services the users are requesting or expecting.We define the adequate virtualization framework based on Virtual Objects and Communities of Virtual Objects. Using these virtual entities, we apply the SDN architectural principles to define a generic architecture that can be applied to any smart environment. Then we describe a prototype implementing these concepts in the home networking context, through a scenario in which users of two different homes can easily interconnect two private but shareable DLNA devices in a dedicated video-delivery SD-LAN. Finally we provide a discussion of the benefits and challenges of our approach regarding the generalization of SDN principles, autonomic features, Internet of Things scalability, security and privacy aspects enabled by SD-LANs intrinsic properties.
LNA/DNA chimeric oligomers mimic RNA aptamers targeted to the TAR RNA element of HIV-1 (2004)

One of the major limitations of the use of phosphodiester oligonucleotides in cells is their rapid degradation by nucleases. To date, several chemical modifications have been employed to overcome this issue but insufficient efficacy and/or specificity have limited their in vivo usefulness. In this work conformationally restricted nucleotides, locked nucleic acid (LNA), were investigated to design nuclease resistant aptamers targeted against the HIV-1 TAR RNA. LNA/DNA chimeras were synthesized from a shortened version of the hairpin RNA aptamer identified by in vitro selection against TAR. The results indicate that these modifications confer good protection towards nuclease digestion. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, thermal denaturation monitored by UV-spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance experiments identified LNA/DNA TAR ligands that bind to TAR with a dissociation constant in the low nanomolar range as the parent RNA aptamer. The crucial G, A residues that close the aptamer loop remain a key structural determinant for stable LNA/DNA chimera-TAR complexes. This work provides evidence that LNA modifications alternated with DNA can generate stable structured RNA mimics for interacting with folded RNA targets.
An adaptive load balancing scheme for web servers (2002)

Abstract This paper describes an overload control scheme for web servers which integrates admission control and load balancing. The admission control mechanism adaptively determines the client request acceptance rate to meet the web servers' performance requirements while the load balancing or client request distribution mechanism determines the fraction of requests to be assigned to each web server. The scheme requires no prior knowledge of the relative speeds of the web servers, nor the work required to process each incoming request. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
CCR5 Antagonists as anti‐HIV‐1 Agents. Part 1. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5‐Oxopyrrolidine‐3‐carboxamide Derivatives. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Collaborative Information Sharing for ML-Based Threat Detection (2021)

Recently, coordinated attack campaigns started to become more widespread on the Internet. In May 2017, WannaCry infected more than 300,000 machines in 150 countries in a few days and had a large impact on critical infrastructure. Existing threat sharing platforms cannot easily adapt to emerging attack patterns. At the same time, enterprises started to adopt machine learning-based threat detection tools in their local networks. In this paper, we pose the question: \emph{What information can defenders share across multiple networks to help machine learning-based threat detection adapt to new coordinated attacks?} We propose three information sharing methods across two networks, and show how the shared information can be used in a machine-learning network-traffic model to significantly improve its ability of detecting evasive self-propagating malware.
Internal Revenue Code Section 351: Principals, Application, and Strategies for Incorporating Family Farms (1986)

Internal Revenue Code Section 351: Principals, Application, and Strategies for Incorporating Family Farms
Techniques for perfusion imaging with microbubble contrast agents (2001)

The acoustic properties of ultrasound contrast agents vary widely with agent composition and insonation conditions. For contrast imaging, methods are required to match RF and Doppler processing to each combination of transmission parameters and agent and tissue properties. We propose a method that uses the measured or modeled echoes from agent and tissue to specify directly the characteristics of RF and Doppler filters for contrast imaging. The proposed method is sufficiently general to cover most common imaging techniques including harmonic greyscale, Doppler, and pulse inversion imaging. Using this method, sample filters were designed to detect myocardial perfusion with the contrast agent Optison (Mallinckrodt Medical, St. Louis, MO) under selected imaging conditions. Simplified power Doppler filtering, using a weighted sum of the Doppler samples, matched the performance of more complicated matrix filters. By coordinating the selection of RF and Doppler filters rather than designing these filters sequentially, agent-to-tissue contrast was increased by up to 3.9 dB. Under some conditions, fundamental RF filtering outperformed harmonic filtering for intermittent Doppler imaging.
Perceptualization of biomedical data. An experimental environment for visualization and sonification of brain electrical activity (1999)

Complex experiments require sophisticated visualization of a large number of parameters. However, physiological characteristics of human perception limit the number of visualized parameters and their dynamics. Multimodal data presentation could increase throughput, introduce new data streams, and improve temporal resolution. The future of biomedical data presentation will probably be marked with multimodal data presentation and integration of multiple diagnostic procedures. Here, the authors present sonification as a second presentation modality. During analysis, multimodal parameters must be set to maximize the distance of changes in the perceptual domain. The authors implemented sonification in their 3D EEG visualization environment to render synesthetic extension of a selected data channel or to introduce new composite parameters. Sonification improved the ability to assess genuine dynamics of brain electrical activity and to perceive inherent spatio-temporal patterns of brain electrical activity.
Advances in organic blue and green light sources: comparison with gaN- and ZnSe-based devices (2000)

One of the most spectacular achievements of this decade is the development of the violet, blue and green light emitting diodes, optically pumped lasers and laser diodes. These devices are based on conducting polymers and oligomers, III-Nitrides, and II-VI semiconductors. Recent work on the properties of these materials and devices is described in this paper. Results of our optical and electrical measurements on the Ooct-OPV5 oligomer are also reported.
Upregulation of GALNT7 in prostate cancer modifies O-glycosylation and promotes tumour growth (2023)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and it is estimated that over 350,000 men worldwide die of prostate cancer every year. There remains an unmet clinical need to improve how clinically significant prostate cancer is diagnosed and develop new treatments for advanced disease. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer implicated in tumour growth, metastasis, and immune evasion. One of the key drivers of aberrant glycosylation is the dysregulated expression of glycosylation enzymes within the cancer cell. Here, we demonstrate using multiple independent clinical cohorts that the glycosyltransferase enzyme GALNT7 is upregulated in prostate cancer tissue. We show GALNT7 can identify men with prostate cancer, using urine and blood samples, with improved diagnostic accuracy than serum PSA alone. We also show that GALNT7 levels remain high in progression to castrate-resistant disease, and using in vitro and in vivo models, reveal that GALNT7 promotes prostate tumour growth. Mechanistically, GALNT7 can modify O-glycosylation in prostate cancer cells and correlates with cell cycle and immune signalling pathways. Our study provides a new biomarker to aid the diagnosis of clinically significant disease and cements GALNT7-mediated O-glycosylation as an important driver of prostate cancer progression.
The chromosomal integration site for the Streptomyces plasmid SLP1 is a functional tRNATyr gene essential for cell viability (1992)

The genetic element SLP1 exists in nature as a single DNA segment integrated into the genome of Streptomyces coelicolor. Upon mating with Streptomyces lividans, a closely related species, SLP1 undergoes precise excision from its chromosomal site and is transferred into the recipient where it integrates chromosomally. Previous work has shown that integration and excision involve site-specific recombination between a chromosomal site, attB, and a virtually identical sequence, attP, on SLP1. We demonstrate here by means of gene replacement that a tRNA(Tyr) sequence that overlaps part of the attB site of S. lividans is both biologically functional and essential for cell viability. The requirement for this tRNA gene has been used to stabilize the inheritance of a segrationally unstable plasmid in cells lacking a chromosomal attB site. The evolution of an essential DNA locus as an attachment site for a chromosomally integrating genetic element represents a novel mechanism of biological adaptation.
An amyloidogenic hexapeptide derived from amylin attenuates inflammation and acute lung injury in murine sepsis (2018)

Although the accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins in neuroinflammatory conditions is generally considered pathologic, in a murine model of multiple sclerosis, amyloid-forming fibrils, comprised of hexapeptides, are anti-inflammatory. Whether these molecules modulate systemic inflammatory conditions remains unknown. We hypothesized that an amylin hexapeptide that forms fibrils can attenuate the systemic inflammatory response in a murine model of sepsis. To test this hypothesis, mice were pre-treated with either vehicle or amylin hexapeptide (20 μg) at 12 hours and 6 hours prior to intraperitoneal (i.p.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 20 mg/kg) administration. Illness severity and survival were monitored every 6 hours for 3 days. Levels of pro- (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines were measured via ELISA at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after LPS (i.p.). As a metric of lung injury, pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) barrier function was tested 24 hours after LPS administration by comparing lung wet-to-dry ratios, Evan's blue dye (EBD) extravasation, lung histology and caspase-3 activity. Compared to controls, pretreatment with amylin hexapeptide significantly reduced mortality (p<0.05 at 72 h), illness severity (p<0.05), and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, while IL-10 levels were elevated (p<0.05). Amylin pretreatment attenuated LPS-induced lung injury, as demonstrated by decreased lung water and caspase-3 activity (p<0.05, versus PBS). Hence, in a murine model of systemic inflammation, pretreatment with amylin hexapeptide reduced mortality, disease severity, and preserved lung barrier function. Amylin hexapeptide may represent a novel therapeutic tool to mitigate sepsis severity and lung injury.
A Patient-Specific Equivalent Dipole Model (2022)

Sophisticated models for the electrocardiographic inverse problem are available, but their reliance on imaging data and large numbers of electrodes limit their use. Simple models such as the equivalent dipole model (EDM) therefore remain relevant. We developed a probabilistic approach to the equivalent unbounded uniform single dipole problem and developed a natural extension to the bounded nonuniform case that relies on a patientspecific statistical inference of the propagation mechanism between the location of the dipole and the electrode locations. The two models were tested on data simulated with a detailed heart-torso model with four different activation sequences and three different sets of tissue characteristics. We observed a throughout enhancement of the ability to reconstruct the ECG of the patient-specific model when compared to the uniform unbounded dipole model.
Multi-agent Learning for Neural Machine Translation (2019)

Tianchi Bi, Hao Xiong, Zhongjun He, Hua Wu, Haifeng Wang. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 2019.
A Lensing Case for the 5G Handset Antennas (2018)

In this paper, we present a novel approach to a functional rim-fixture as a cover of the smart phone to increase the antenna gain of the 5G beamforming structure. The 5G antenna is put on the top side of the phone platform and under the covering fixture that prevents the input impedance match and radiation characteristics from degradation. The cover has three usable types of dielectrics and these are segmented and aligned in series. The acceptable antenna characteristics are presented with the different angles of the beam which remain unchanged after adopting the lensing cover.
Expanded Coverage of the Human Heart Mitochondrial Proteome Using Multidimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2004)

Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria are closely linked with the aging process and degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Thus, there has been increasing interest in cataloging mitochondrial proteomes to identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. We have previously reported results of a one-dimensional electrophoresis/liquid chromatography MS/MS study to characterize the proteome of normal human heart mitochondria (Taylor et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 2003, 21, 281-286). We now report two subsequent studies where multidimensional liquid chromatography MS/MS was investigated as an alternative means for characterizing the same sample.
Physical aspects of a liquid‐filled ionization chamber with pulsed polarizing voltage (1991)

The charge collection in a liquid-filled matrix ionization chamber system has been investigated. This system, which is used for megavoltage radiography, is scanned electronically by switching the polarizing voltage. In such a system the charge collection cannot be described by the classical ionization chamber theory since this is only valid for a fixed polarizing voltage. A model is presented for an ideal plane-parallel ionization chamber with switched polarizing voltage that gives a good qualitative description of the physical phenomena in our nonideal system. The new model predicts the amount of charge collected and the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of several parameters such as electrode distance, polarizing voltage, radiation intensity, and some liquid characteristics. An important result is that the quantum noise contribution can be made quite small. This situation occurs in liquids with a low ion mobility and long ion lifetimes by a charge-integrating effect in the liquid. Experiments were performed to test various aspects of the model. A reasonable agreement is found between theoretical and experimental results. The possible use of ultrahigh-mobility liquids is also discussed.
Non-toxic retention of nanoceria in murine eyes. (2016)

Nanoceria, at doses ranging from 17.2 ng to 1720 ng per eye, do not cause any damage to the retinal structure and function by 30 days post injection. No cellular infiltration and no increases in inflammatory responses were found in the eyes. Our data indicate that nanoceria are safe to use for treatment of a variety of eye diseases.
Complex formation of silver(i) ions with a glucosinolate derivative: structural and mechanistic insights into myrosinase-mimicking C–S bond cleavage (2021)

The crystal structure of an unprecedented silver complex of O-acetylsinigrin has shown chelating bonds of the sulfated thiohydroximate and an η2-bond of the ethylene moiety with Ag(i). Mechanistic studies on the formation and decomposition of the complex by the 1H NMR measurements and theoretical calculations with the DFT method indicated relevance to the glucosinolate degradation in biological systems.
Advanced techniques for integrating geographic data for energy research and technology (1982)

Maps are used by scientists and decision makers in almost every field of study. In fact, with the advent of digital data processing techniques and with the increased availability of electronic devices for digitally coding spatial data and for translating digital information into images, digital cartography has itself become a field of study. Digital cartography enables quick and accurate merging of data from a variety of sources and provides high quality output in several formats. The Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has developed a Geographic Data Integration and Display (GINDIS) system, which consists of a series of computer programs developed during the last few years. The GINDIS system was developed to enhance the usefulness of spatial data sets by increasing the accuracy and content of the maps presenting the data. The computer is used to help produce these maps, which are often derived from several independent data sets. However, the high quality of the map products is credited to the careful and creative application of the computer to specific problems. Although the GINDIS system is used as a research tool and should not be thought of as a turn key or production system, many of the techniques used may be adoptedmore » for such a system. The GINDIS system is described through a discussion of several of the techniques used in processing map data, along with a presentation of some sample maps that illustrate the application of these techniques. In addition, we describe the computer facility at PNL, formats used for handling map data, methods for dealing with problems of scale and registration, and procedures for merging and overlaying data sets to enhance the final output.« less
Hybrid Transceivers Design for Large-Scale Antenna Arrays Using Majorization-Minimization Algorithms (2019)

Hybrid analog-digital (A/D) transceivers are an appealing solution to reduce the transceiver hardware complexity and power consumption for the millimeter wave (mmWave) communication and more general large-scale antenna array (LSAA) systems. In contrast to fully digital conventional multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the baseband precoding operation splits into a lower-dimensional digital precoder followed by a network of analog phase shifters. In this paper, we consider the hybrid precoder design as a constant modulus constrained matrix factorization (CMCMF) problem for the most common types of hybrid architectures namely, the fully and the partially connected ones. Two lines of algorithms based on the majorization-minimization (MM) and the minorization-maximization framework, respectively are proposed for these architectures. In particular, we present efficient algorithms scalable for LSAA systems with provable convergence guarantees to a stationary point. We also consider the hybrid postcoder design at the receiver end. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms converge faster to a stationary point as compared to the state-of-the-art solutions that exist in literature. Furthermore, the solution tailored for the partially connected case achieves significantly improved performance in terms of the system spectral efficiency when compared to the existing solutions.
ALSUntangled # 69: astaxanthin (2023)

ALSUntangled reviews alternative and off-label treatments for people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS). Here we review astaxanthin which has plausible mechanisms for slowing ALS progression including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. While there are no ALS-specific pre-clinical studies, one verified "ALS reversal" occurred in a person using a combination of alternative therapies which included astaxanthin. There have been no trials of astaxanthin in people living with ALS. Natural astaxanthin appears to be safe and inexpensive. Based on the above information, we support further pre-clinical and/or clinical trials of astaxanthin in disease models and PALS, respectively, to further elucidate efficacy.