gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a Class of Dihydrobenzofurane Analogs toward Orally Efficacious YAP‐TEAD Protein‐Protein Interaction Inhibitors (2023)

The inhibition of the YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction constitutes a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancers linked to the dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway. The identification of a class of small molecules which potently inhibit the YAP-TEAD interaction by binding tightly to the Ω-loop pocket of TEAD has previously been communicated. This report details the further multi-parameter optimization of this class of compounds resulting in advanced analogs combining nanomolar cellular potency with a balanced ADME and off-target profile, and efficacy of these compounds in tumor bearing mice is demonstrated for the first time.
Efficient conversion of light from sparse laser arrays into single-lobed far-fields using phase structures (2008)

We demonstrate a new optical technique that converts light from a sparse array of mutually coherent sources into a single-lobed far-field with a theoretical efficiency approaching 100%. Initial experimental results show conversion efficiencies of 82%.
Toward harnessing user feedback for machine learning (2007)

There has been little research into how end users might be able to communicate advice to machine learning systems. If this resource--the users themselves--could somehow work hand-in-hand with machine learning systems, the accuracy of learning systems could be improved and the users' understanding and trust of the system could improve as well. We conducted a think-aloud study to see how willing users were to provide feedback and to understand what kinds of feedback users could give. Users were shown explanations of machine learning predictions and asked to provide feedback to improve the predictions. We found that users had no difficulty providing generous amounts of feedback. The kinds of feedback ranged from suggestions for reweighting of features to proposals for new features, feature combinations, relational features, and wholesale changes to the learning algorithm. The results show that user feedback has the potential to significantly improve machine learning systems, but that learning algorithms need to be extended in several ways to be able to assimilate this feedback.
Measurement of Direct CP Asymmetry in $B^\pm \to J/ \psi K^\pm$ Decays Produced in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV (2011)

A measurement of direct CP asymmetry is performed using 6fb-1 of p$\bar{p}$ collisions at √s = 1.96TeV from the CDF detector at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Approximately 80,000 B- → J/ K- (and charge conjugate) events were selected on the dimuon trigger and the yields were determined using a simultaneous mass and lifetime fit. After corrections, a measurement of ACP = 0.0034 ± 0.0043(stat.) ± 0.0060(syst.) is obtained, which is consistent with the SM prediction and previous measurements at DØ and the B factories.
Molecular Characterization of Mouse Pneumocystis carinii Surface Glycoprotein A (1998)

Since the mouse offers an easily manipulated experimental animal model for the study of the immunopathogenesis of pneumonia caused by the opportunist Pneumocystis carinii, we cloned and characterized cDNAs encoding an abundant, immunogenic surface antigen termed glycoprotein A (gpA) from mouse P. carinii. A cDNA library was constructed in bacteriophage lambda gt11 from P. carinii-infected mouse lung poly(A+) RNA. Using a nucleic acid probe derived from a conserved region of the mouse P. carinii gpA structural gene, cDNAs encoding gpA were identified. A composite full-length gpA coding sequence was assembled from two overlapping cDNA clones. A DNA element homologous to the rat P. carinii upstream conserved sequence (UCS) was identified at the 5' end of several of the mouse P. carinii gpA cDNA clones, just upstream of the sequences encoding gpA structural gene isoforms. Using primer extension analysis, two neighboring putative transcriptional start sites were located on UCS-gpA mRNAs approximately 25 and 30 nt, respectively, upstream of the most 5' gpA cDNA clone isolated, suggesting a 5' UCS of 489 or 494 nucleotides in mouse P. carinii gpA. A comparative alignment of the composite mouse P. carinii gpA deduced amino acid sequence with gpA homologs from rat, human and ferret P. carinii demonstrated 156 identical residues, including 46 cysteines, further supporting the hypothesis for conserved secondary structure, as well as function, for gpA from all P. carinii.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Tumor-Specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Expressing Interleukin-12 Eradicate Established Cancers in Lymphodepleted Hosts (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Tumor-Specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T Cells Expressing Interleukin-12 Eradicate Established Cancers in Lymphodepleted Hosts
High pretreatment cognitive impulsivity predicts response of oppositional symptoms to methylphenidate in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder/oppositional defiant disorder (2019)

The aim of this study was to compare impulsivity levels, as assessed by a continuous performance test (CPT), and the correlations between baseline CPT performance and response to methylphenidate (MPH), as assessed by the conjunctive CPT (CCPT), in children with only Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with no oppositional defiant disorder (ADHD/noODD) or with comorbid ODD (ADHD/ODD). Fifty-three children and adolescents were included in the study (ADHD/noODD group, n = 25, 12 women/13 men and ADHD/ODD group, n = 28, eight females/20 males). Attention was assessed at baseline using CCPT. ADHD and ODD severities were assessed at baseline and following a 12-week MPH treatment using the ADHD-rating scale (ADHD-RS) completed by the parent and by a teacher and the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-ODD (K-SADS-ODD) completed by the treating psychiatrist. Higher baseline commission-errors rates (P = 0.0031) in ADHD-RS/parent-child, ADHD-RS/teacher, and K-SADS-ODD scores were detected in ADHD/ODD compared with the ADHD/noODD. Significant improvements in ADHD-RS/parent-child, ADHD-RS/teacher, and K-SADS-ODD scores were achieved following MPH treatment in both groups. Significant correlations were found between baseline CCPT commission-error rates and improvement in ADHD-RS-teacher in ADHD/noODD, but not in ADHD/ODD. Among the ADHD/ODD, but not the ADHD/noODD, a significant correlation was found between baseline CCPT commission-error rates and improvement in K-SADS-ODD. Baseline cognitive impulsivity (as measured by the CCPT) can predict response of ODD to MPH treatment in ADHD/ODD patients.
Monitoring the Remediation of Organic Contaminants by Colloidal Activated Carbon: a Spectral Induced Polarization Study (2023)

Summary Colloidal activated carbon (CAC) filters are becoming a popular option to remediate groundwater contaminated by DNAPLs and a real-time monitoring approach is desirable to assess its effectiveness. In this study, the spectral induced polarization (SIP) technique is evaluated for its applicability as a monitoring tool for DNAPL adsorption within CAC-filters. The adsorption of low-concentration (50 mg/L) tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in a CAC-filter was examined using a set of dynamic column experiments combined with SIP monitoring. The initial flushing of CAC into inert porous media was tracked by SIP monitoring, with an increase in both real and imaginary components of the complex conductivity. The CAC was then flushed out of the column via groundwater, leaving behind only carbon particles that will later adsorb the PCE. The process of flushing the CAC by groundwater indicated a decrease in both the SIP real and imaginary conductivities, with the imaginary holding a small amount of polarizability, which is likely associated with the remaining carbon particles. Finally, dissolved phase PCE was injected through the column, with insignificant changes in the simultaneous SIP response. This study suggests that SIP can monitor CAC within porous media but is insensitive to the low concentrations of dissolved phase PCE.
Multi‐Mode/Multi‐Band RF Transceivers for Wireless Communications (2010)

* Summarizes cutting-edge physical layer technologies for multi-mode wireless RF transceivers.* Includes original contributions from distinguished researchers and professionals.* Covers cutting-edge physical layer technologies for multi-mode wireless RF transceivers* Contributors are all leading researchers and professionals in this field
An opto-mechanical coupled-ring reflector driven by optical force for lasing wavelength control (2016)

In this paper, an opto-mechanical coupled-ring reflector driven by optical gradient force is applied in an external-cavity tunable laser. A pair of mutually coupled ring resonators with a free-standing arc serves as a movable reflector. It obtains a 13.3-nm wavelength tuning range based on an opto-mechanical lasing-wavelength tuning coefficient of 127 GHz/nm. The potential applications include optical network, on-chip optical trapping, sensing, and biology detection.
Precoding Based Cross-Tier Interference Mitigation in Centralized-RAN (2020)

This letter considers a two-tier downlink interference problem as a case of study, where macrocell user equipment (UE) shares the same frequency band with femtocell UE and suffers from severe cross-tier interference. Power control is one of the spectrally-efficient techniques used to mitigate the interference. However, it harms femtocell users since the femto base station reduces the transmitted power. In this letter, a novel scheme is proposed to jointly suppress the interference on the macrocell users, and preserve the high data rates required by femtocell users under centralized radio access network. The analytical results well agreed with the conducted simulations, and showed the superiority of the proposed scheme in achieving higher throughput compared to existing schemes.
Image-charge bound states of metal clusters (1991)

For an electron traveling above a flat metal surface there are a number of bound states Owing to the potential caused by interaction of the electron with its image charge in the metal, for spherical metal particles, these states should also exist even as the sphere approaches 1 nm in size. We believe we have found an example in the near-threshold photodetachment spectrum of the negative ion of a six-atom duster of gold.
Extracorporeal irradiation of tumorous calvaria (2000)

This patient with recurrent meningioma grossly involving the frontal bone underwent craniotomy and tumor resection. During the procedure a bone flap was irradiated extracorporeally at a very high dose (120 Gy) sufficient to sterilize residual tumor cells, and the bone was then successfully replaced orthotopically for reconstruction. The use of autologous irradiated bone in this setting offers advantages over cadaveric transplantation and prosthetic implants. Radiation might cause less disruption of the bone's architecture than other techniques of tumor cell eradication.
AIDS Awareness and AIDS-related Life-skills Among Junior Middle School Students in Rural Areas in Hainan Province (2009)

Objective To assess awareness of HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS related life-skills and to provide evidence for developing AIDS prevention education. Methods Four thousand seven hundred and thirteen students from seven middle schools were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire and eight groups of the students participated in focus group interview. Results Only 1 074 (22.8%) students knew the three modes of HIV transmission and 336(7.1%) students correctly answered all five questions on casual contacts. Rural students had lower AIDS awareness and self-assessment of life skills than the students living in town had. The primary sources of AIDS knowledge of the students were mass media. Less than 20% students reported having obtained AIDS information in school. Conclusion AIDS awareness and related life skills are low among these middle school students in rural areas in Hainan province. It is urgent for schools to implement HIV/AIDS related education based on life-skills.
Structural and Kinetic Evidence for Strain in Biological Catalysis, (1998)

A classic hypothesis for enzyme catalysis is the induction of strain in the substrate. This notion was first expressed by Haldane with the lock and key analogy-"the key does not fit the lock perfectly but exercises a certain strain on it" (1). This mechanism has often been invoked to explain the catalytic efficiency of enzymes but has been difficult to establish conclusively (2-7). Here we describe X-ray crystallographic and mutational studies of an antibody metal chelatase which strongly support the notion that this antibody catalyzes metal ion insertion into the porphyrin ring by inducing strain. Analysis of the germline precursor suggests that this strain mechanism arose during the process of affinity maturation in response to a conformationally distorted N-alkylmesoporphyrin.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of New Benzodioxinic Lactones as Potential Anticancer Drugs (2006)

A set of disubstituted tetracyclic lactones has been synthesized and tested for potential antitumor activity. Several of them possess a noticeable cytotoxicity against L1210 and HT-29 colon cells in vitro. Relationships between chain nature and biological properties were sought. Lactones with a pentyl or hexyl substituent at C-11 are the most active ones. The introduction of a functional group at the side chain of C-11 modified the potency; carboxylic acid and primary amine decreased the cytotoxicity, whereas a cyano group increased the activity. An extensive structure-activity relationship study of these derivatives, including carbon homologues and bioisosteres has been performed. The synthesis and cytotoxicity of these compounds are discussed. Two lactones are recognized as potential lead compounds.
Cytotoxic T cells with reciprocal antigenic peptide presentation function are not generally resistant to mutual lysis (2003)

Cytotoxic T cells normally express major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, to which their T cell antigen receptors are restricted. Therefore, a single cytotoxic T cell can not only act as a cytolytic effector cell, but also as an antigen-presenting cell for other cytotoxic T cells of the same or a different clone. In the present paper, we used a murine cytotoxic T cell clone, 10BK.1, recognizing the ovalbumin-derived peptide OVA257-264 in combination with H-2Kb to investigate the consequences of reciprocal antigen presentation by these cytotoxic T cells. These cells proliferate after incubation with the relevant peptide in the absence of added accessory cells, indicating reciprocal antigenic peptide presentation by the cytotoxic T cell. We found that reciprocal lysis of these cells was dependent on the time point of incubation with antigen. We did not observe reciprocal lysis of cytotoxic T cells used 30 days after the last restimulation with antigen. In contrast, 10BK.1 cells used two days after the last restimulation showed an increased capacity for reciprocal lysis. The lytic capacity decreased with time after restimulation. Reciprocal lysis of 10BK.1 cells depended on reciprocal peptide presentation by at least two 10BK.1 cells. Recognition of the antigenic peptide, together with class I molecules on the surface of classical syngeneic target cells did not induce lysis of freshly stimulated 10BK.1 cells, suggesting that reciprocal lysis was not just a consequence of re-activation of the cytotoxic T cells. Reciprocal destruction of freshly activated 10BK.1 cells proceeded independent of CD95/CD95 ligand. Despite an increased secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha by 10BK.1 cells on day 2 after antigen stimulation, compared with cells on day 30 after stimulation, tumour necrosis factor-alpha was not responsible for the reciprocal destruction of freshly stimulated 10BK.1 cells. Lysis of preactivated 10BK.1 cells was independent of autocrine interleukin-2 production by the cytotoxic T cells, but interleukin-2 was required for optimal priming of cytotoxic T cells for reciprocal lysis.
Pyrolysis Research at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (2014)

The overwhelming majority of biomass pyrolysis research at NREL is supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program and is focused on the production of 'drop-in' transportation fuels. This includes studies of fast pyrolysis and vapor phase upgrading of pyrolysis vapors to produce hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks or refinery feedstocks.
Antigen-specific immunity in neuroblastoma patients: antibody and T-cell recognition of NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen. (2003)

Neuroblastoma cells have been shown to express molecularly defined tumor-associated antigens, which could represent potential targets of T and/or B cell-mediated immunity. However, the existence of a spontaneous immune response to such tumor antigens in neuroblastoma patients has yet to be investigated. In the present work we addressed the issue of whether NY-ESO-1, a germ cell antigen aberrantly expressed in different tumor types, is expressed by neuroblastoma cells and may represent a target for humoral and/or cellular immune responses in neuroblastoma patients. We found that a large fraction of neuroblastoma biopsies, independently from the clinical stage and degree of tumor cell differentiation, expressed significant levels of NY-ESO-1 as assessed by reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemistry. NY-ESO-1-specific IgG antibodies were detected in the sera of 10% of neuroblastoma patients with stage III or IV disease, but not in patients in clinical remission or with earlier stages. This suggests that antibody production occurred as a late event in the course of disease. NY-ESO-1-specific immune responses were observed for CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes in 4 of 8 neuroblastoma patients, as detected by IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay after in vitro stimulation either with the NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein or with the HLA-A2-restricted peptide NY-ESO-1(157-167). NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were also able to recognize NY-ESO-1 expressing neuroblastoma cells. The presence of T cells specific for NY-ESO-1 antigen was not associated with the stage of disease, or to the presence or absence of NY-ESO-1 specific antibodies. We conclude that NY-ESO-1 is an immunogenic antigen in neuroblastoma patients and represents a candidate target for immune-based therapy.
Movie S5 from Cytoplasmic Localization of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Inhibitors May Confer Advantages for Targeted Cancer Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;STED LNCaP PSMA-STAR 600 LysoTracker Green DND-26 and STED LNCaP PSMA-STAR 600 SiR-lysosome 5um&lt;/p&gt;
Resource Allocation and Relay Selection for Multi-User OFDM-Based Cooperative Networks with SWIPT (2018)

In this paper, we investigate resource allocation and relay selection in a two-hop relay-assisted multi-user network, where the end users support Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT). In particular, we consider single-source assisted by a set of spatially distributed relays able to amplify-and-forward orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals carrying both data and power at the same time. The users are assumed to implement a power splitting technique where the received signal is orthogonally split in two streams of different power levels, where one signal stream is sent to the power harvesting module while the other is converted to baseband for information decoding. We aim at optimizing the users' power splitting ratios as well as the relay, carrier and power assignment so that the end-users' sum-rate is maximized subject to transmitted and harvested power constraints. Such joint optimization is combinatorial in nature with a non-convex structure. Therefore, we present a sub-optimal low complex solution based on the harmonic mean of the two-hop relay channel coefficients. Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm provides significant performance gains in comparison with a semi-random resource allocation and relay selection approach.
Specific Pomegranate Juice Components as Potential Inhibitors of Prostate Cancer Metastasis (2012)

Pomegranate juice (PJ) is a natural product that inhibits prostate cancer progression. A clinical trial on patients with recurrent prostate cancer resulted in none of the patients progressing to a metastatic stage during the period of the trial. We have previously found that, in addition to causing cell death of hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells, PJ also markedly increases adhesion and decreases migration of the cells that do not die. However, because PJ is a very complex mixture of components and is found in many different formulations, it is important to identify specific components that are effective in inhibiting growth and metastasis. Here, we show that the PJ components luteolin, ellagic acid, and punicic acid together inhibit growth of hormone-dependent and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells and inhibit their migration and their chemotaxis toward stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF1α), a chemokine that is important in prostate cancer metastasis to the bone. These components also increase the expression of cell adhesion genes and decrease expression of genes involved in cell cycle control and cell migration. Furthermore, they increase several well-known tumor-suppression microRNAs (miRNAs), decrease several oncogenic miRNAs, and inhibit the chemokines receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/SDF1α chemotaxis axis. Our results suggest that these components may be more effective in inhibiting prostate cancer growth and metastasis than simply drinking the juice. Chemical modification of these components could further enhance their bioavailability and efficacy of treatment. Moreover, because the mechanisms of metastasis are similar for most cancers, these PJ components may also be effective in the treatment of metastasis of other cancers.
UNSUPERVISED DISAGGREGATION OF WATER HEATER LOAD FROM SMART METER DATA PROCESSING (2021)

In the residential sector, electric water heaters are appliances with a relatively high power consumption and a significant thermal inertia, which is particularly suitable for Demand Response schemes. The success of efficient DR schemes via the control of water heaters presupposes an accurate estimate of their power demand at each instant. Although the load of water heaters is rarely directly measured, a large penetration of Smart Meters (SMs) in distribution grids enables to indirectly infer this information on a large scale via load disaggregation. For that purpose, a considerable number of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) approaches are suggested in the literature. However, they require data streams at a time resolution in the range of one second or higher, which is not realistic for standard SMs. Hence, this paper proposes an unsupervised approach to detect and disaggregate the load profile of water heaters from standard SM data with a time resolution in the minute range. Evaluated on multiple real loads with sub-metering, the proposed approach achieves a Normalized Mean Absolute Error (NMAE) lower than 2% and a precision generally higher than 92% with time resolutions between 5 and 15 minutes.
Insektsinvasion i klimatförändringens spår (2008)

Under evolutionens gång har insekter erövrat större delen av jordklotet. De finns i nästan alla klimatzoner och biotoper och kan förhållandevis snabbt anpassa sig till ändrade klimatförhållanden.