gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transitions from Functionalization to Fragmentation Reactions of Laboratory Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Generated from the OH Oxidation of Alkane Precursors (2012)

Functionalization (oxygen addition) and fragmentation (carbon loss) reactions governing secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from the OH oxidation of alkane precursors were studied in a flow reactor in the absence of NO(x). SOA precursors were n-decane (n-C10), n-pentadecane (n-C15), n-heptadecane (n-C17), tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decane (JP-10), and vapors of diesel fuel and Southern Louisiana crude oil. Aerosol mass spectra were measured with a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer, from which normalized SOA yields, hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) and oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratios, and C(x)H(y)+, C(x)H(y)O+, and C(x)H(y)O(2)+ ion abundances were extracted as a function of OH exposure. Normalized SOA yield curves exhibited an increase followed by a decrease as a function of OH exposure, with maximum yields at O/C ratios ranging from 0.29 to 0.74. The decrease in SOA yield correlates with an increase in oxygen content and decrease in carbon content, consistent with transitions from functionalization to fragmentation. For a subset of alkane precursors (n-C10, n-C15, and JP-10), maximum SOA yields were estimated to be 0.39, 0.69, and 1.1. In addition, maximum SOA yields correspond with a maximum in the C(x)H(y)O+ relative abundance. Measured correlations between OH exposure, O/C ratio, and H/C ratio may enable identification of alkane precursor contributions to ambient SOA.
Modeling of a radial flux PM rotating machine using a new hybrid analytical model (2014)

International audience
Supplementary Figure 1 from Bcl9/Bcl9l Are Critical for Wnt-Mediated Regulation of Stem Cell Traits in Colon Epithelium and Adenocarcinomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Bcl9/Bcl9l Are Critical for Wnt-Mediated Regulation of Stem Cell Traits in Colon Epithelium and Adenocarcinomas
Research Update: Recent progress on 2D materials beyond graphene: From ripples, defects, intercalation, and valley dynamics to straintronics and power dissipation (2018)

The field of two-dimensional (2D) materials has witnessed several significant advancements in a short period of time. There have been extensive research efforts dedicated to this field and an expanding community of researchers built around the same. The focus of this review article is on the most recent milestones in several aspects of 2D materials with emphasis on transition metal dichalcogenides, such as improved synthesis and property engineering, approaching this from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints. There is also an attempt at highlighting some emerging material properties that are of interest and use of these 2D materials in several electronic applications.
Mechanism of core/shell emulsion polymerization (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of core/shell emulsion polymerizationDeborah R. Stutman, Andrew Klein, Mohamed S. El-Aasser, and John W. VanderhoffCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1985, 24, 3, 404–412Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300019a014https://doi.org/10.1021/i300019a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1611Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Transposable elements regulate thymus development and function (2023)

Abstract Transposable elements (TE) are repetitive sequences representing ∼45% of the human and mouse genomes and are highly expressed by medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC). In this study, we investigated the role of TEs on T-cell development in the thymus. We performed multi-omic analyses of TEs in human and mouse thymic cells to elucidate their role in T cell development. We report that TE expression in the human thymus is high and shows extensive age- and cell lineage-related variations. TE expression correlates with multiple transcription factors in all cell types of the human thymus. Two cell types express particularly broad TE repertoires: mTECs and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). In mTECs, transcriptomic data suggest that TEs interact with transcription factors essential for mTEC development and function (e.g., PAX1 and REL), and immunopeptidomic data showed that TEs generate MHC-I-associated peptides implicated in thymocyte education. Notably, AIRE, FEZF2, and CHD4 regulate small yet non-redundant sets of TEs in murine mTECs. Human thymic pDCs homogenously express large numbers of TEs that likely form dsRNA, which can activate innate immune receptors, potentially explaining why thymic pDCs constitutively secrete IFN LJ/β. This study highlights the diversity of interactions between TEs and the adaptive immune system. TEs are genetic parasites, and the two thymic cell types most affected by TEs (mTEcs and pDCs) are essential to establishing central T-cell tolerance. Therefore, we propose that orchestrating TE expression in thymic cells is critical to prevent autoimmunity in vertebrates.
A CXCR4‐Targeted Site‐Specific Antibody–Drug Conjugate (2014)

A chemically defined anti-CXCR4-auristatin antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was synthesized that selectively eliminates tumor cells overexpressing the CXCR4 receptor. The unnatural amino acid p-acetylphenylalanine (pAcF) was site-specifically incorporated into an anti-CXCR4 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and conjugated to an auristatin through a stable, non-cleavable oxime linkage to afford a chemically homogeneous ADC. The full-length anti-CXCR4 ADC was selectively cytotoxic to CXCR4(+) cancer cells in vitro (half maximal effective concentration (EC50 )≈80-100 pM). Moreover, the anti-CXCR4 ADC eliminated pulmonary lesions from human osteosarcoma cells in a lung-seeding tumor model in mice. No significant overt toxicity was observed but there was a modest decrease in the bone-marrow-derived CXCR4(+) cell population. Because CXCR4 is highly expressed in a majority of metastatic cancers, a CXCR4-auristatin ADC may be useful for the treatment of a variety of metastatic malignancies.
MON-473 Growth Hormone (GH) Impacts the Gut Microbial Profile: the Presence of Unique Bacterial Genera in Mouse Lines with Altered GH Action (2019)

Several recent studies have shown that gut microbiota can regulate the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis, or specifically modulate endocrine IGF-1. Yet, the impact of GH on the gut microbiome has not been evaluated. This study characterized the fecal microbial profile in GH gene disrupted (GH-/-) mice and bovine GH transgenic (bGH) mice at 6 months of age compared to their respective littermate controls. Microbial abundance and diversity were quantified from fecal pellets of these four groups through 16S rRNA sequencing. Additional bioinformatics analyses assessed the unique microbial signature and predictive biological function of the microbiome. Both GH-/- and bGH mice exhibited a unique microbial profile. In terms of microbial abundance, GH-/- and bGH mice resulted in a similar significant shift in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. However, GH-/- and bGH mice differed in abundance of the Proteobacteria and Epsilonbacteraeota phyla with a significant reduction in abundance in GH-/- mice and significantly increased abundance in bGH mice. The GH-/- microbiome exhibited a distinct microbial signature with microbial immaturity and a predictive biological function associated with increased carbohydrate metabolism and decreased antimicrobial synthesis. The bGH microbiome also had a unique microbial signature with increased microbial richness and evenness. Moreover, both mouse lines shared common bacterial candidates. Common bacterial genera like Turicibacter, Ruminococcaceae and Faecalibaculum had similar abundance profiles in the bGH mice and GH-/- mice (i.e. either upregulated or downregulated with both increased and decreased GH action). Interestingly, however, other bacteria, such as Parasutterella, Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae, followed opposite trends between bGH and GH-/- mice (i.e. upregulated with increased GH action and downregulated with decreased GH action). Collectively, these results demonstrate that GH - in both states of excess and deficiency - yields a distinct microbial profile, including microbial abundance, diversity and potential function. More importantly, the common bacterial candidates like Parasutterella suggest that GH action influences the presence of certain gut microbiota. Additional studies will be conducted to further explore these unique GH-associated bacterial candidates and their impact on metabolic and intestinal health of the host. This work was partially funded by the John J. Kopchick Molecular and Cellular Biology/Translational Biomedical Sciences Research Fellowship, the Osteopathic Heritage Foundation, Dual Degree Program at Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and the Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center at University of California, Davis (NIH grant U240DK092993).
Frequency Reconfigurable Endfire Vertical Polarized Array for 5G Handset Applications (2020)

This paper proposes a frequency reconfigurable phased array with endfire vertical polarized radiation pattern for 5G handset applications. The array element consists of a magnetic dipole and two reconfigurable strips, which are controlled independently by two PIN diodes. By combining the two PIN diodes, three resonanting frequencies are achieved from 24 GHz to 27 GHz. An eight-element array is then constructed based on the proposed antenna. The scanning angle is from 130° to 220° with realized gain ranging from 7 dBi to 9 dBi. Moreover, the array has low profile of 0.508 mm and small clearance of 3.35 mm. The performances of the proposed antenna and array are verified by simulations.
Feedback control of a circular cylinder wake with rotational oscillation (2008)

A new feedback control algorithm for controlling vortex shedding from a circular cylinder in a uniform flow is proposed and tested. The lift coefficient (CL) is employed as a feedback signal and the control forcing is given by a rotational oscillation of the cylinder. A fractional form of the transfer function for the controller is designed, into which the interaction of the phase and magnitude of the controller is fully incorporated. In the proposed feedback control algorithm, the main emphasis is placed on controlling the phase of the feedback signal. When the feedback control forcing is imposed 'out of phase' with the response (i.e. outside the range of lock-on), the response is significantly reduced. In contrast, the response is increased when the feedback forcing is imposed in an 'in phase' manner. The effect of the feedback signal phase is ascertained by calculations using the Van der Pol oscillator, and the feedback control process is analyzed in terms of energy transfer between an actuator and an oscillator. Based on the analysis, the proposed feedback control method is applied to the wake behind a circular cylinder. The mechanism by which CL is reduced is delineated by examining the vortex formation modes as a function of the forcing phase.
Optimal Design of a CMOS OpAmp via Geometric Programming (2009)

<P>We describe a new method for determining component values and transistor dimensions for CMOS operational amplifiers (op-amps), We observe that a wide variety of design objectives and constraints have a special form, i.e., they are <I>posynomial</I> functions of the design variables. As a result, the amplifier design problem can be expressed as a special form of optimization problem called <I>geometric programming</I>, for which very efficient <I>global optimization</I> methods have been developed. As a consequence we can efficiently determine <I>globally optimal</I> amplifier designs or globally optimal tradeoffs among competing performance measures such as power, open-loop gain, and bandwidth. Our method, therefore, yields completely automated sizing of (globally) optimal CMOS amplifiers, directly from specifications.</P> <P>In this paper, we apply this method to a specific widely used operational amplifier architecture, showing in detail how to formulate the design problem as a geometric program. We compute globally optimal tradeoff curves relating performance measures such as power dissipation, unity-gain bandwidth, and open-loop gain. We show how the method can be used to size <I>robust designs</I>, i.e., designs guaranteed to meet the specifications for a variety of process conditions and parameters.</P>
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: interest of IV secretin administration in normal and diseased pancreatic ducts (1996)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Low-voltage high-mobility pentacene thin-film transistors with polymer/high-k oxide double gate dielectrics (2006)

We report on the fabrication of pentacene-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) with poly-4-vinylphenol (PVP)/yttrium oxide (YOx) double gate insulator films. The minimum PVP and YOx layer thicknesses were chosen to be 45 and 50nm, respectively. The PVP and YOx double dielectric layers with the minimum thicknesses exhibited a high dielectric capacitance of 70.8nF∕cm2 and quite a good dielectric strength of ∼2MV∕cm at a leakage current level of ∼10−6A∕cm2 while the leakage current from either PVP or YOx alone was too high. Our pentacene TFTs with the 45nm thin PVP∕50nm thin YOx films operated at −5V showing a high field effect mobility of 1.74cm2∕Vs and a decent on/off current ratio of 104. Our work demonstrates that the PVP∕YOx double layer is a promising gate dielectric to realize low-voltage high-mobility organic TFTs.
A framework for constraint-based deployment and autonomic management of distributed applications (extended abstract) (2004)

We propose a framework for the deployment and subsequent autonomic management of component-based distributed applications. An initial deployment goal is specified using a declarative constraint language, expressing constraints over aspects such as component-host mappings and component interconnection topology. A constraint solver is used to find a configuration that satisfies the goal, and the configuration is deployed automatically. The deployed application is instrumented to allow subsequent autonomic management. If, during execution, the manager detects that the original goal is no longer being met, the satisfy/deploy process can be repeated automatically in order to generate a revised deployment that does meet the goal.
Improvement of Detection in Computed Radiography by New Single-Exposure Dual-Energy Subtraction. (1992)

It is reported that the use of the dual-energy subtraction method enhances the abnormal shadow detection capability. However, because the subtracted image is significantly inferior to the original in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the x-ray dosage normally used for chest x-rays has not yielded subtracted images with adequate SNRs. Under these circumstances, we focus on the fact that there is a correlation between the noise contents of bone-and soft-tissue-subtracted images although there is no correlation between the signal that improves SNRs of subtraction images by reducing the noise only.
Gradient-Ascending Routing via Footprints in Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

A novel gradient-ascending stateless routing protocol, called GRASP (gradient ascending stateless protocol), is proposed for stationary wireless sensor networks. GRASP is built with a novel packet forwarding method called FBF (footprint-based forwarding), in which each node maintains a Bloom filter that holds a dejavu image for the nodes whose packets were relayed through the filter. Forwarding a packet through networked sensors is then just running a membership test of the packet's destination against the networked Bloom filters, either dropping the packet before it reaches the destination or eventually delivering it to the destination. An extensive simulation study with various routing scenarios has shown the proposed method to achieve about 99% packet delivery while incurring only a small amount of overhead. It also achieves more than 86% packet delivery even for a lossy channel with up to 30% loss rate. Furthermore, our comparative evaluation against AODV or simple flooding shows that GRASP achieves a comparable, or even better, performance in terms of the packet delivery ratio and overhead under the simulation settings investigated. GRASP is shown to reduce the delivery overhead by a factor of 2.37 over AODV or 3.11 over the simple flooding, while providing more robustness to packet losses - this is a significant improvement for low-power sensors in a lossy wireless environment. Manipulating Bloom filters incurs a small space overhead and does not create any protocol conflict with the underlying gradient-descending protocols, thanks to its stateless routing.
Deep Learning Based Cross-Spectral Disparity Estimation For Stereo Imaging (2020)

Recently, cross-spectral stereo-camera setups found their way from special applications to mass market, especially in smartphones, automotive systems, or drones. In the following, a novel concept is introduced to bring stereo cameras and cross-spectral disparity estimation together. So far, either monomodal stereo algorithms exist that are not suitable for cross-spectral image registration, or structural template matching is applied that achieves a low quality. To overcome these limitations, a technique is proposed to synthesize arbitrary spectral components from widely available color stereo databases, and to retrain mono-modal deep learning methods. In this contribution, the estimation of spectral bands based on random processes is shown together with noise models, which also allow for a robust registration of narrowband components. The theoretical examination is completed by an extensive evaluation, including a self-manufactured cross-spectral camera setup. In comparison to state-of-the-art techniques, the end-point error is on average reduced by a factor of seven.
A Distributed and Privacy-Aware Speed Advisory System for Optimizing Conventional and Electric Vehicle Networks (2015)

One of the key ideas to make intelligent transportation systems work effectively is to deploy advanced communication and cooperative control technologies among vehicles and road infrastructures. In this spirit, we propose a consensus-based distributed speed advisory system that optimally determines a recommended common speed for a given area in order that the group emissions, or group battery consumptions, are minimized. Our algorithms achieve this in a privacy-aware manner; that is, individual vehicles do not reveal in-vehicle information to other vehicles or to infrastructure. A mobility simulator is used to illustrate the efficacy of the algorithm, and hardware-in-the-loop tests involving a real vehicle are given to illustrate user acceptability and ease of deployment.
An anti-C3b/iC3b monoclonal antibody (Mab) as an adjuvant to rituximab killing of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and chronical lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells (2004)

2621 Background: Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) is a key mechanism of Rituximab action in killing NHL cells both in vitro and in vivo. Here we present the studies of a mouse/human chimeric Mab (ETI-210) specific for human complement C3 cleavage products, C3b and iC3b, in enhancing Rituximab ability to kill NHL cells in vitro and ex vivo.Methods: In the CDC assay, Raji cells, DB cells, primary NHL and CLL cells were treated with Rituximab and the anti-C3b/iC3b in the presence of normal human serum at 37 degrees for 1 hour or longer. Cell death, determined by propidium iodide staining, was measured by a flow cytometric method. Results: The anti-C3b/iC3b Mab increased the cell killing of NHL cell lines tested in the one-hour treatment of Rituximab plus anti-C3b/iC3b Mab in the presence of human complement. The difference in cell killing between Rituximab plus anti-C3b/iC3b and Rituximab alone was 40%–70%. The enhancing effect of the anti-C3b/iC3b was also seen in long-term treatment (1 - 2 days). In the absence of human serum, the cell killing by Rituximab plus the anti-C3b/iC3b Mab was much lower than in the presence of serum. The addition of excess purified iC3b to the CDC assay under the experimental conditions only caused a minimal inhibition of cell killing. The anti-C3b/iC3b Mab was also tested ex vivo against primary cells from 11 NHL and 10 CLL patients. In 3 NHL samples, the anti-C3b/iC3b Mab enhanced Rituximab-mediated killing; in the remaining samples enhancement was observed but was not significant since Rituximab alone already caused above 90% killing. The antibody also increased Rituximab-mediated killing in 6 out of 10 CLL samples. Conclusions: The anti-C3b/iC3b Mab is able to substantially enhance Rituximab-mediated killing of lymphoma cells via complement-mediated lysis. This Mab has therapeutic applications in NHL and CLL treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Non-symmetric broadening of the reflection notch in polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (2010)

Non-symmetric broadening (to the blue side) of a cholesteric reflection notch was observed when a cell containing diacrylate and monoacrylate nematic LC monomers, a chiral dopant, nematic LC and a photoinitiator was exposed to very low intensity (microwatts) of 335 nm UV light. At very low intensity, the polymerization rate is very slow and takes a long time to complete as observed by real-time monitoring experiments. The polymerized scaffold templates the original liquid crystal helical structure. The 335 nm light is highly absorbed by the system which generates an intensity gradient throughout the thickness of the cell. This gradient produces a free radical density gradient in the later stage of the polymerization when diffusion is slowed by the growing polymer network. Since more monomer is consumed at the front half of the cell, a counter diffusion of chiral dopant towards the cell backside is observed. This leads to a local increase in the HTP causing a local blue shift of the notch wavelength. The net result observed in transmission is a broadening of the reflection bandwidth from 70 nm to 200 nm where the broadening occurs only to the blue side of the original notch. By varying the intensity of the UV source on one side of the substrate, the broadening magnitude could be controlled. Simultaneous UV illumination from both sides of the cell reduced the broadening considerably. The broadened notch was switchable at high electrical field (20V/&mu;m).