gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual plasticity and exercise revisited: No evidence for a “cycling lane” (2019)

Experiments using enriched environments have shown that physical exercise modulates visual plasticity in rodents. A recent study (Lunghi & Sale, 2015) investigated whether exercise also affects visual plasticity in adult humans. The plastic effect they measured was the shift in ocular dominance caused by 2 hr of monocular deprivation (e.g., by an eye patch). They used a binocular rivalry task to measure this shift. They found that the magnitude of the shift was increased by exercise during the deprivation period. This effect of exercise was later disputed by a study that used a different behavioral task (Zhou, Reynaud, & Hess, 2017). Our goal was to determine whether the difference in task was responsible for that study's failure to find an exercise effect. We set out to replicate Lunghi and Sale (2015). We measured ocular dominance with a rivalry task before and after 2 hr of deprivation. We measured data from two conditions in 30 subjects. On two separate days, they either performed exercise or rested during the deprivation period. Contrary to the previous study, we find no significant effect of exercise. We hypothesize that exercise may affect rivalry dynamics in a way that interacts with the measurement of the deprivation effect.
Effects of Mediterranean agricultural residues on microbial community and anaerobic digestion performance (2021)

Abstract Understanding the effects of regionally available residues, wastes, and purpose‐grown energy crops on anaerobic microbes and corresponding digestion performance is important for designing and implementing suitable anaerobic digestion systems to manage them appropriately and to use them for bioenergy generation. This study analyzed and compared dynamic changes in anaerobic microbes and digestion performance using mixtures of six different materials (citrus pulp, olive pomace, cattle manure, poultry litter, whey, and corn silage) generated from Mediterranean agro‐industry. The results indicate that the feedstock mixture (FM3) with low citrus pulp (26% dry matter) and high olive pomace (18% dry matter) reached stable methane production of 210 mL methane/g volatile solids ( VS ) loading within 30 days after the start up. In contrast, the feedstock mixture (FM1) with high citrus pulp (44% dry matter) and low olive pomace (0% dry matter) required a longer time of at least 70 days to achieve a good methane production of 209 mL methane/g VS loading. The microbial community analysis and corresponding non‐metric dimensionless scaling (NMDS) analysis revealed dynamic relationships between microbial community, feedstock mixture, and digestion time. The feedstock mixtures with low citrus pulp content (FM2 and FM3) facilitated the accumulation of Archaea (i.e., Methanosarcinaceae ), which led their digestion to reach stable methane production quicker than the digestion of FM1. This study provided useful information to valorize agricultural residues and wastes for bioenergy production in the Mediterranean region. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd
Dynamic Model of Electron Beam Induced Deposition (EBID) of Residual Hydrocarbons in Electron Microscopy (2006)

Adsorbed species surface diffusion Electron beam induced deposition (EBID) of residuals carbon can be either a contamination problem or can provide a basis for 3-D nanofabrication and nanoscale metrology. In this process a solid deposit is formed at the point of impact of the electron beam due to the decomposition of residual hydrocarbon species adsorbed on the solid substrate. The first observation of EBID can be traced to miscroscopists who noticed the growth of thin films of carbon while imaging using an electron microscope. The process was referred to as "contamination" because of its adverse effects on the microscope's imaging quality. Later, it has been demonstrated that with appropriate control of the electron beam this problematic contamination can be exploited to deposit three dimensional nanostructures with the spatial resolution down to 10nm. Numerous researchers have experimentally explored various factors influencing EBID growth rate and geometry of the deposit. To date, the most comprehensive theoretical model predicting the shape of the deposit in EBID is due to Silvis-Cividjian[1]. However, this model accounts for electron transport only. A few, fairly rudimentary models have also been developed for mass transport in EBID, but usually limited to rather simplistic treatment of electron transport. To this end, we have developed a comprehensive dynamic model of EBID coupling mass transport, electron transport and scattering, and species decomposition to predict deposition of carbon nano-dots. The simulations predict the local species and electron density distributions, as well as the 3-D profile and the growth rate of the deposit. Since the process occurs in a high vacuum environment surface diffusion is considered as the primary transport mode of surface-adsorbed hydrocarbon precursor. Transport, scattering, and absorption of primary electron as well as secondary electron generation are treated using the Monte Carlo methods. Low energy secondary electrons (SE) are the major contributors to hydrocarbon decomposition due to their energy range matching peak dissociation reaction cross section energies for precursor molecules. The local SE flux at the substrate and at the free surface of the growing deposit is computed using the Fast Secondary Electron (FSE) model. When combined with the total dissociation reaction corssection and the local hydrocarbon surface concentration, this allows us to compute the local deposition rate. The deposition rates are then used to predict the shape profile evolution of the deposit. Simulation results are compared with an AFM imaging of carbon EBID.
ChemInform Abstract: Isoxazoline GPIIb/IIIa Antagonists Bearing a Phosphoramidate (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Product-Oriented Sensitivity Analysis for Multistation Compliant Assemblies (2006)

Dimensional variation in assembled products directly affects product performance. To reduce dimensional variation, it is necessary that an assembly be robust. A robust assembly is less sensitive to input variation from the product and process components, such as incoming parts, subassemblies, fixtures, and welding guns. In order to effectively understand the sensitivity of an assembly to input variation, an appropriate set of metrics must be defined. In this paper, three product-oriented indices, including pattern sensitivity index, component sensitivity index, and station sensitivity index, are defined. These indices can be utilized to measure the variation influence of a pattern, an individual part, and/or component, and components at a particular station to the dimensional quality of a final assembly. Additionally, the relationships among these sensitivity indices are established. Based on these relationships, the ranges of the sensitivity indices are derived. Finally, a case study of a sheet metal assembly is presented and discussed to illustrate the applicability of these metrics.
Robust Iterative Learning Control for Vibration Suppression of Industrial Robot Manipulators (2017)

Vibration suppression is of fundamental importance to the performance of industrial robot manipulators. Cost constraints, however, limit the design options of servo and sensing systems. The resulting low drive-train stiffness and lack of direct load-side measurement make it difficult to reduce the vibration of the robot's end-effector and hinder the application of robot manipulators to many demanding industrial applications. This paper proposes a few ideas of iterative learning control (ILC) for vibration suppression of industrial robot manipulators. Compared to the state-of-the-art techniques such as the dual-stage ILC method and the two-part Gaussian process regression (GPR) method, the proposed method adopts a two degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) structure and gives a very lean formulation as well as improved effects. Moreover, in regards to the system variations brought by the nonlinear dynamics of robot manipulators, two robust formulations are developed and analyzed. The proposed methods are explained using simulation studies and validated using an actual industrial robot manipulator.
RNA-Dependent RNA Switches in Bacteria (2009)

The versatility of RNA as a regulatory molecule has become increasingly apparent in recent years. RNA elements within a transcript can sense a large variety of physiological signals, resulting in modulation of expression of the gene(s) encoded on that transcript by effects on transcript synthesis, mRNA stability, and translation. The response of the transcript to the signal can result in direct sequestration of elements involved in various steps of gene expression, or promotion of a structural rearrangement of the target mRNA that affects the activity of elements important for expression. The regulatory signal can be as simple as a change in temperature, or as complex as a translating ribosome, the processivity of which is affected by the appropriate cellular parameter. Among these many regulatory mechanisms are those in which the regulatory signal is a specific RNA that binds to the target mRNA. Systems of this type are widespread in bacteria, and they fall into several classes based on the type of RNA that acts as the regulator, and the mode of interaction of the regulatory RNA with its target. These include systems in which the regulatory RNA is encoded on the opposite strand of its target, systems in which the regulatory RNA is encoded elsewhere in the genome, and systems in which RNAs (such as tRNAs) that are normally used for a different cellular process are borrowed for use as regulatory molecules. This review will summarize these classes of regulatory mechanisms and their use in bacterial systems.
Role of Eicosanoids in Abortion and its Prevention by Treatment with Flunixin Meglumine in Cows During the First Trimester of Pregnancy (1991)

Intravenous infusion of E. coli endotoxin at a rate of 4.16 ng/kg/min over 6 hr (total dose 1.5 micrograms/kg) in 5 cows in the first trimester of gestation induced abortion between 60 and 72 hr in three cows. Plasma PGF2 alpha levels in the aborting cows increased significantly to 289% of the zero time control (ZTC) at 1 hr and remained elevated for 9 hr. The PGF2 alpha level remained unaffected in the non-aborting cows except at 2 hr. The plasma TxB2 levels were increased by 6 to 18 fold for 6 hr in both the aborting and non-aborting cows relative to their ZTC controls. The 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were significantly increased to 2 to 3 fold only in the aborting cows. Plasma cortisol levels were increased maximally to 1,500% of ZTC at 5 hr in the aborting cows. Thereafter, the levels gradually declined but remained significantly elevated for 24 hr. The increases in the cortisol levels in the non-aborting cows were only 280% of ZTC at 5 hr and returned to ZTC value by 12 hr. Plasma progesterone levels in the aborting cows remained unaffected until 12 hr followed by a progressive decline through 18 hr to extremely low levels at 3, 4, and 5 days. Endotoxin-infusion caused hyperglycemia in both aborting and non-aborting cows and lactic acidemia in the aborting cows. Treatment with two doses of flunixin meglumine (FM, 1.1 mg/kg), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, 1 hr prior to endotoxin infusion and then 13 hr later, completely prevented the endotoxin-induced abortion and increases in the plasma PGF2 alpha, TxB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations. The PGE level remained unaffected. Although FM treatment failed to abolish endotoxin-induced increases in the plasma cortisol and lactic acid levels, it effectively prevented marked decreases in the progesterone and increases in the glucose concentrations. It was concluded that the use of FM offers therapeutic promise in preventing bovine abortion caused by endotoxin resulting from bacterial infection during the 1st trimester of gestation.
Applying physical layer network coding in wireless networks (2009)

A main distinguishing feature of a wireless network compared with a wired network is its broadcast nature, in which the signal transmitted by a node may reach several other nodes, and a node may receive signals from several other nodes, simultaneously. Rather than a blessing, this feature is treated more as an interference-inducing nuisance in most wireless networks today (e.g., IEEE 802.11). This paper shows that the concept of network coding can be applied at the physical layer to turn the broadcast property into a capacity-boosting advantage in wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, we propose a physical-layer network coding (PNC) scheme to coordinate transmissions among nodes. In contrast to "straightforward" network coding which performs coding arithmetic on digital bit streams after they have been received, PNC makes use of the additive nature of simultaneously arriving electromagnetic (EM) waves for equivalent coding operation. And in doing so, PNC can potentially achieve 100% and 50% throughput increases compared with traditional transmission and straightforward network coding, respectively, in 1-D regular linear networks with multiple random flows. The throughput improvements are even larger in 2-D regular networks: 200% and 100%, respectively.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Antisense Inhibition of Survivin Expression as a Cancer Therapeutic (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Antisense Inhibition of Survivin Expression as a Cancer Therapeutic
Disruption of thelangerin/CD207Gene Abolishes Birbeck Granules without a Marked Loss of Langerhans Cell Function (2004)

Langerin is a C-type lectin expressed by a subset of dendritic leukocytes, the Langerhans cells (LC). Langerin is a cell surface receptor that induces the formation of an LC-specific organelle, the Birbeck granule (BG). We generated a langerin(-/-) mouse on a C57BL/6 background which did not display any macroscopic aberrant development. In the absence of langerin, LC were detected in normal numbers in the epidermis but the cells lacked BG. LC of langerin(-/-) mice did not present other phenotypic alterations compared to wild-type littermates. Functionally, the langerin(-/-) LC were able to capture antigen, to migrate towards skin draining lymph nodes, and to undergo phenotypic maturation. In addition, langerin(-/-) mice were not impaired in their capacity to process native OVA protein for I-A(b)-restricted presentation to CD4(+) T lymphocytes or for H-2K(b)-restricted cross-presentation to CD8(+) T lymphocytes. langerin(-/-) mice inoculated with mannosylated or skin-tropic microorganisms did not display an altered pathogen susceptibility. Finally, chemical mutagenesis resulted in a similar rate of skin tumor development in langerin(-/-) and wild-type mice. Overall, our data indicate that langerin and BG are dispensable for a number of LC functions. The langerin(-/-) C57BL/6 mouse should be a valuable model for further functional exploration of langerin and the role of BG.
Chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical carcinoma: An analysis of cisplatin administration and other clinical prognostic factors (2009)

e16525 Background: The standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is combination weekly cisplatin and radiotherapy (RT). Toxicity and compliance issues often result in failure to complete the recommended six cycles of weekly chemotherapy. Our objective was to retrospectively evaluate the effect of number of chemotherapy cycles and other clinical and pathologic factors on progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: Between January 2004 and May 2007 we identified 118 patients at our institution with locally advanced cervical cancer (stage 1B2-IVA) treated with combined weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2) and RT from chemotherapy log records. PFS and OS were evaluated for associations with number of chemotherapy cycles as well as other clinical and pathologic factors. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were utilized for statistical analyses. Results: The median age and BMI were 51 years (25–86) and 29.2 kg/m2 (15–69). The majority of patients had stage IB2 or II disease (70%), squamous histology (91%), and size &lt;6 cm (65%). Median RT duration was 50 days and 95% received brachytherapy. 30% of patients completed fewer than 6 cycles of chemotherapy and estimated PFS and OS were 63% and 75% respectively. 32 recurrences were detected with a median time to progression of 27 months. In multivariate analyses, number of chemotherapy cycles was independently predictive of PFS and OS. Patients that received &lt;6 cycles of cisplatin had a worse PFS (HR 2.65; 95%CI 1.35–5.17; p = 0.0045) and OS (HR 4.47; 95% CI 1.83–10.9; p = 0.001). Additionally, advanced stage, longer time to RT completion, and absence of brachytherapy were associated with decreased OS and PFS (p &lt; 0.05). Higher grade was associated with decreased PFS (p = 0.03) but not OS. Age, race, BMI, tumor size, smoking, histology, and IMRT were not statistically significant for OS or PFS. Conclusions: Number of cisplatin cycles, stage, grade, time to radiotherapy completion, and brachytherapy, are prognostic of PFS and OS in patients with cervical cancer undergoing treatment with combined cisplatin and RT. Efforts to decrease toxicity and improve compliance allowing for completion of six cycles of cisplatin may be associated with increased progression free and overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in a Novel Two-Photon Absorbing System (2003)

A novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system containing a two-photon absorbing dye and a nile red chromophore has been synthesized. Upon two-photon excitation by laser at 815 nm this molecule displays efficient energy transfer from the two-photon absorbing dye to the nile red moiety, with an 8-fold increase in emission compared to the model compound. Similarly, single-photon excitation of the two-photon absorbing moiety at 405 nm results in >99% energy-transfer efficiency, along with a 3.4-fold increase in nile red emission compared to direct excitation of the nile red chromophore at 540 nm. This system provides an effective way to use IR radiation to excite molecules that, by themselves, have little or no two-photon absorption.
THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF SILICON CAPACITIVE PRESSURE SENSORS USING ELECTROSTATIC PRESSURE (2009)

International audience
A New Automated Microtomy Concept for 3D Paper Structure Analysis (2005)

The data point to 2 genetic groups for primary orbital conjunctiva melanoma-like and a uveal melanoma-like group. A larger study would help confirm this suggestion.
A MEMS Singlet Oxygen Generator—Part I: Device Fabrication and Proof of Concept Demonstration (2007)

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and proof of concept demonstration of a singlet oxygen generator (SOG) that operates on the microscale. The micro-SOG (muSOG) chip is implemented in a three-wafer stack using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and wafer bonding as key technologies. The device creates singlet delta oxygen (O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (a)) in an array of packed-bed reaction channels fed by inlet manifolds with pressure drop channels that ballast the flow. An integrated capillary array separates the liquid and gas by-products, and a microscale heat exchanger removes excess heat of reaction. The fabrication process and package are designed to minimize collisional losses and wall deactivation of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (a). The design, fabrication, and package of the device are documented. Proof of concept demonstration of the device is given by optical emission measurements of the spontaneous decay of the O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (a) molecule into its triplet state and by the observation of the emission from dimol pairs of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (a) molecules.
Lignin-Based Additives for Improved Thermo-Oxidative Stability of Biolubricants (2021)

There is an environmental concern regarding the use of petroleum-based lubricants, which are generally toxic and nonbiodegradable. Biobased lubricants, such as vegetable oils, are the alternative: they show excellent lubricity, are readily biodegradable and nontoxic. However, a major disadvantage of using vegetable oils in lubricant applications is their lack of thermo-oxidative stability, which can be improved by antioxidant additives. Here, we propose the use of lignin-based additives in biolubricant formulations to improve this feature, based on lignin’s known antioxidant properties. To ensure a stable dispersion in vegetable oil, lignin was partially esterified. Antioxidant properties of lignin before and after palmitoylation were demonstrated in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Four different lignin-based fractions, commercial Protobind P1000 soda lignin from straw, solvolytically fractionated Protobind P1000 lignin and two lignin fractions from reductively catalyzed fractionation (RCF) of native birch wood, were tested in biolubricant formulations with castor oil as base oil. Those lignin fractions exhibited excellent performance compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a commonly used petroleum-based antioxidant. Formulations of modified lignin in castor oil possess improved thermo-oxidative stability, as illustrated by their increased oxidation induction time. Additionally, rheological and tribological tests demonstrate similar, or in some cases improved, lubricating properties compared to castor oil. This study showcases the successful incorporation of lignin-based antioxidants in biolubricant formulations, tackling the major disadvantage of vegetable oils as environment-friendly lubricants.
Over‐expressed rice ADP‐ribosylation factor 1 (RARF1) induces pathogenesis‐related genes and pathogen resistance in tobacco plants (2003)

A cDNA encoding RARF1 ( r ice A DP‐ r ibosylation f actor 1 ) was isolated from fungal elicitor‐treated rice suspension culture cells by mRNA differential display. RARF1 transcripts accumulated in response to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and salicylic acid (SA) and rapidly in cells inoculated with an avirulent pathogen. Constitutively over‐expressed RARF1 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV 35S) triggered spontaneous induction of lesion mimics, induced an array of pathogenosis‐related (PR) genes, reduced susceptibility to a fungal pathogen, and caused accumulation of SA. From these data, we deduced that RARF1 might be a component of various plant defence signalling pathways involved in inducing the expression of a subset of PR genes.
Pathogenicity of Coxsackie A-21 Virus for Suckling Mice (1968)

The production of a myopathy and paralysis in mice inoculated with tissue culture passaged Coxsackie A-21 virus was directly related to the inoculum dose and extent of virus multiplication. The virus yield from paralyzed mice was usually about 1067 TCD50 or greater per mouse. Four strains of naturally occurring virus did not produce paralysis of suckling mice but virus multiplication occurred in mice with 2 of the 4 strains. Serial passage of Coxsackie A-21 virus in HEK cell cultures did not alter its virulence for suckling mice. The histopathologic changes associated with Coxsackie A-21 virus infection in mice were characterized by a waxy degeneration of the skeletal musculature which was generally confined to the lower extremities.