gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tradeoff between channel estimation accuracy and application throughput for in-home MIMO power line communication (2011)

In this paper we consider two alternate packet structures for estimating the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) powerline channel and their impact on achievable application throughputs. In the first packet structure, an orthogonal pair of OFDM symbols is used to estimate the channel. When compared to single-input single-output (SISO) transmissions that use one OFDM symbol to estimate the channel, there is an additional overhead of one OFDM symbol in this approach. This additional overhead will reduce the throughput improvements offered by MIMO. In the second packet structure, a single OFDM symbol is used to estimate the MIMO channel and interference between the two transmit streams is avoided by using alternate carriers for each stream. The composite MIMO channel is then obtained by interpolating the estimated response across the missing carriers in each stream. The interpolation may introduce an estimation error in the channel estimate that could degrade the achievable signal-to-noise ratios on each stream and thereby degrade the physical layer (PHY) data rate. However, when compared to the first packet structure the overhead is reduced by one OFDM symbol. This will result in a more efficient transmission that could overcome the loss in PHY data rate. This tradeoff between overhead for channel estimation accuracy and application throughput is studied in this paper using power line channel and noise data that were measured in the field. It is demonstrated that although a higher PHY rate can be achieved when an orthogonal pair of symbols is used to estimate the channel, this approach has a lower TCP and UDP rate when compared to the packet structure that uses only one symbol and interpolation to estimate the channel.
Arrest of self-focusing collapse in femtosecond air filaments: higher order Kerr or plasma defocusing? (2011)

Experimentally measured conical emission rings on the blue side of the filament supercontinuum of a 800 nm 50 fs pulse in air are reproduced in simulations with plasma and the third-order Kerr as the nonlinear terms. This agreement indicates plasma as the dominant mechanism arresting the self-focusing collapse. The higher order Kerr terms with the recently measured coefficients stop the collapse at a lower intensity than the plasma does and lead to the spherical angle-wavelength spectrum without blueshifted rings.
Two-Scale Stochastic Control for Smart-Grid Powered Coordinated Multi-Point Systems (2016)

In this paper, a novel two-scale stochastic control framework is put forth for smart-grid powered coordinated multi-point (CoMP) systems. Taking into account renewable energy sources (RES), dynamic pricing, two-way energy trading facilities and imperfect energy storage devices, the energy management task is formulated as an infinite-horizon optimization problem minimizing the time-averaged energy transaction cost, subject to the users' quality of service (QoS) requirements. Leveraging the Lyapunov optimization approach and the stochastic subgradient method, a two-scale online control (TS-OC) approach is developed to make online control decisions at two timescales. It is analytically established that the TS-OC is capable of yielding a feasible and asymptotically near-optimal solution.
Signal Remodulation of OFDM-QAM for Long Reach Carrier Distributed Passive Optical Networks (2009)

The passive optical network (PON) using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a subject of many research works recently. The OFDM signal is especially good for long reach (LR)-PON due to its high tolerance to chromatic dispersion and high spectral efficiency. We study, for the first time, the possibility of using OFDM for signal remodulation in LR-PONs. Three different colorless optical networking unit (ONU) architectures, electroabsorption modulator-based, reflective semiconductor optical amplifier-based and injection-locked Fabry-Perot laser diode-based ONUs, are tested and compared. Error-free operations are achieved in 100-km fiber transmission without dispersion compensation.
SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF VAIRIMORPHA INVICTAE (MICROSPORIDIA: BURENELLIDAE) AND THELOHANIA SOLENOPSAE (MICROSPORIDIA: THELOHANIIDAE) IN FIRE ANTS BY PCR (2004)

A PCR-based method capable of detecting Thelohania solenopsae and/or Vairimorpha invictae infection in the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, was developed. Multiplex PCR allows simultaneous detection of both species of microsporidia in a single reaction.
Fluorescence labeling of C1-oxidized cellulose. Part 1: Method development (2022)

A novel method for fluorescence labeling and subsequent profiling of oxidized end groups along the molar mass distribution of cellulose has been developed. The notorious labeling reluctance of this group due to lactone (gluconolactone) formation was overcome by introducing amide-linked rather than ester-linked markers. A coupling method based on carbodiimide chemistry to bind the fluorophore N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine (NED) was used and optimized with the model compound cellobionic acid towards appropriate reaction conditions and complete conversion. The reaction product, NED-labeled cellobionic acid (CBN), was obtained in 98 % yield, isolated by flash chromatography and comprehensively analytically characterized. CBN was used as a standard for HPLC quantification regarding reaction kinetics and stability analysis. The optimized labeling conditions were transferred to the heterogeneous derivatization of cellulose followed by GPC MALLS/IR/fluorescence analysis for molar mass-related profiling of oxidized reduced ends in cellulosic pulps.
Synthetic Transformation of Hydroxymatairesinol from Norway Spruce (Picea abies) to 7‐Hydroxysecoisolariciresinol, (+)‐Lariciresinol and (+)‐Cyclolariciresinol. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Effect of strain on the resonant frequency and damping factor in InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well lasers (1991)

The intensity noise of strained InxGa1−xAs/InP multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers is measured for three types of strain: tensile strain (x=0.48), no strain (x=0.53), and compressive strain (x=0.65). From a comparison between the measured noise power spectral density and the theoretical one, the resonance frequency and the carrier damping factor of each type of lasers are calculated. Although compressive strained MQW lasers show abot 10% increase in resonance frequency compared to those of tensile strained and unstrained lasers, this increase is smaller than theoretically predicted. Most important, all three types of MQW lasers show about two to three times higher nonlinear gain saturation and lower maximum bandwidth than conventional double-heterostructure lasers. A solution to reduce this high damping is also discussed.
Synthesis of 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines (1999)

A concise approach to 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 7 is described, starting from 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene (3). The high variability in the functionalization of the imidazo [1,2-a]quinoxaline-4-position is due to the easy introduction of these substituents by N-acylation in the second last step.
TRILL: Clarifications, Corrections, and Updates (2014)

Since publication of the TRILL (Transparent Interconnection of Lots of
Links) base protocol in 2011, active development of TRILL has revealed
errata in RFC 6325 and areas that could use clarifications or updates.
RFCs 7177, 7357, and [rfc6439bis] provide clarifications and updates
with respect to Adjacency, the TRILL ESADI (End Station Address
Distribution Information) protocol, and Appointed Forwarders
respectively. This document provides other known clarifications,
corrections, and updates. It obsoletes RFC 7180 (the previous TRILL
clarifications, corrections), updates RFC 7177, updates RFC 7179, and
updates RFC 6325.
Lifting the curse of dimensionality: a random matrix-theoretic approach (2009)

The ubiquity of inexpensive sensors implies that we can measure vector-valued data of ever increasing dimension. But the number of independent measurements of the data vector is limited so the sample covariance matrix is usually singular. The traditional remedy for singularity is diagonal loading - the addition of a small identity matrix to make the covariance estimate invertible. An alternative to diagonal loading is to reduce the dimension of the data vectors to be smaller than the number of independent observations through an ensemble of isotropically random (Haar measure) unitary matrices. For every member of the unitary ensemble, the shortened data vectors yield a statistically meaningful, invertible covariance estimate from which we can compute an estimate for the ultimate desired quantity. The final step is to take the expectation of this estimate with respect to the unitary ensemble. For a class of applications that includes adaptive spectral estimation, the design of a linear estimator, and supervised learning the random matrix approach results in an estimate for the inverse covariance matrix which preserves the eigenvectors of the sample covariance matrix, but alters the eigenvalues in a nontrivial manner. A closed-form expression for the expectation over the unitary ensemble eludes us, but we have obtained a tractable asymptotic expression. Preliminary numerical results indicate considerable promise for this approach.
Demo: Infrastructure Assisted Efficient Collective Perception Service for Connected Vehicles (2021)

Collective Perception Services (CPS) provided by roadside infrastructure is a promising way to extend the environment perception range of vehicles beyond their embedded sensors. However, sharing the perceived lists of objects can result in unacceptably high communication overhead, when the number of objects is large. We propose a Layered Costmap based novel perception sharing protocol to enable an overhead-efficient CPS, specifically in cases with many objects, such as crowded intersections. We demonstrate a CARLA-based collaborative autonomous vehicle simulation platform with realistic vehicular communications model, and evaluate costmap-based and object-list-based CPS in a T-junction scenario. Simulation results show that CPS from roadside infrastructure can significantly increase the perception coverage by 2.2x for T-junction scenario compared to on-board sensors’ perception. Moreover, layered costmap-based CPS outperforms object list-based CPS in efficiency enabling more than one order of magnitude overhead reduction for 40 or higher perceived objects.
Scalable perovskite/CIGS thin-film solar module with power conversion efficiency of 17.8% (2017)

All-thin film perovskite/CIGS multijunction solar modules, combining a semi-transparent perovskite top solar module stacked on a CIGS bottom solar module, are a promising route to surpass the efficiency limits of single-junction thin-film solar modules.
Role for ZAP-70 Signaling in the Differential Effector Functions of Rituximab and Obinutuzumab (GA101) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B Cells (2017)

Rituximab (RTX) has been the hallmark anti-CD20 mAb for the treatment of B cell neoplasms, including B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Recently, a novel humanized anti-CD20 mAb obinutuzumab (GA101) has been implemented as first-line CLL therapy. Treatment of CLL patients with RTX is associated with CD20 loss via an FcγR-mediated process, trogocytosis. RTX-induced trogocytosis has been characterized as both the means of resistance to therapy, via loss of cell surface target proteins (antigenic modulation), as well as a process that alters B cell phenotype and function. This study investigates the nature and clinical relevance of GA101-mediated trogocytosis. In this study, we demonstrate that GA101 is a more potent mediator of trogocytosis than RTX in vitro in both normal B cells and B-CLL cells. Qualitative differences in the effector function of these anti-CD20 Abs appear specific to B-CLL cells. GA101-mediated CD19 and CD20 trogocytosis from B-CLL cells is associated with its ability to induce homotypic adhesion (HA). The degree of HA varies between CLL patients and positively correlates with the expression of ZAP-70, a BCR-associated kinase. Deregulation of ZAP-70 using tyrosine kinase inhibitors, gefitinib or ibrutinib, diminishes HA formation and trogocytosis by GA101. Taken together, these findings elucidate the differences in trogocytosis and HA formation mediated by anti-CD20 mAbs RTX and GA101, as well as provide a novel link between ZAP-70 expression and these effector functions.
Novel, human cell line‐derived recombinant factor VIII (Human‐cl rhFVIII, Nuwiq®) in children with severe haemophilia A: efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics (2015)

These results in paediatric PTPs indicate that Human-cl rhFVIII is effective for the prevention and treatment of bleeds.
Organometallic C—H Bond Activation: An Introduction (2004)

An introduction to the field of activation and fimctionalization of C-H bonds by solution-phase transition-metal-based systems is presented, with an emphasis on the activation of aliphatic C-H bonds. The focus of this chapter is on stoichiometric and catalytic reactions that operate via organometallic mechanisms, i.e., those in which a bond is formed between the metal center and the carbon undergoing reaction
Rapid analysis of isomeric exogenous metabolites by differential mobility spectrometry – mass spectrometry (2011)

The direct separation of isomeric glucuronide metabolites from propranolol dosed tissue extracts by differential mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (DMS-MS) with the use of the polar gas-phase chemical modifier acetonitrile was demonstrated. The DMS gas-phase separation was able to resolve the isomeric metabolites with separation times on the order of milliseconds instead of minutes which is typically required when using pre-ionization chromatographic separation methods. Direct separation of isomeric metabolites from the complex tissue extract was confirmed by implementing a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation prior to the DMS-MS analysis to pre-separate the species of interest. The ability to separate isomeric exogenous metabolites directly from a complex tissue extract is expected to facilitate the drug development process by increasing analytical throughput without the requirement for pre-ionization cleanup or separation strategies.
UMIC: An Unreferenced Metric for Image Captioning via Contrastive Learning (2021)

Hwanhee Lee, Seunghyun Yoon, Franck Dernoncourt, Trung Bui, Kyomin Jung. Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers). 2021.
Preparation of Microencapsulated Electrophoretic Ink used for an Electronic Paper (2005)

An electrophoretic display (EPID) based on the movement of particles in an insulating liquid is well known to be one of the technology utilized for the electric paper and has been actively investigated in the past few years. Micro-encapsulation of nonaqueous dispersion containing with white and black particles is reported in this paper. The melamine resin was used for wall material of micro-capsule. The optimization of the preparation condition of the micro-encapsulation was done. The EPID using the micro-encapsulated electrophoretic ink displays black and white solid image in the response to an external voltage.
Investigation on the Protective Effect of Canagliflozin on Pancreatic Beta-Cell Mass Using SPECT/CT Imaging with 111In-Labeled Exendin-4 (2018)

Background: Defects in insulin secretory function can be divided into two elements, the dysfunction of individual beta cells and a decrease of beta cell mass (BCM). Non-invasive methods to quantify BCM have not yet been established, and thus it is not possible to observe longitudinal changes in BCM. We developed [Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)]exendin-4 ([111In]Ex4) as a radioactive probe targeting to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor with the aim of quantifying BCM by the measurement of probe accumulation in the pancreas. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor on BCM using in-vivo SPECT/CT imaging with this probe. Aim: We tried to investigate longitudinal change in BCM of diabetic model mice administered with SGLT2 inhibitor using in-vivo SPECT/CT imaging with [111In]Ex4. Method: Male db/db mice were assigned into two groups: canagliflozin-administered group (group A) and non-administration group (group B). In-vivo SPECT/CT scans were performed before and after the intervention. The pancreatic uptake of [111In]Ex4 was evaluated using ROI with &amp;gt; 40% of the volume of the whole pancreas with the exception of the perirenal space. Result: The pancreatic uptake was significantly decreased in group B, on the other hand, no significant change was observed in group A. After the intervention, the pancreatic uptake was significantly higher in group A than group B. Discussion: SPECT/CT imaging analysis indicated that BCM was significantly larger in group A than group B after the intervention. It is considered that this difference was made by the protective effect of canagliflozin on BCM. Conclusion: It is considered that the protective effect of canagliflozin on BCM could be investigated using in-vivo SPECT/CT imaging with [111In]Ex4. Disclosure K. Hamamatsu: None. H. Fujimoto: None. N. Fujita: None. T. Murakami: None. M. Shiotani: Employee; Self; Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. H. Saji: Research Support; Self; Nihon Medi-Physics Co.,Ltd. N. Inagaki: Research Support; Self; Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, AstraZeneca, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan Tobacco Inc., MSD K.K., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co. Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Eli Lilly and Company, Sanwa Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd., Teijin Pharma Limited.
α2‐Adrenoceptor as a New Target for Stress Urinary Incontinence (2009)

Objectives: We examined glutamate and/or α 2 ‐adrenoceptor (AR) mechanisms in the control of external urethral sphincter (EUS) activity in response to stress conditions. Methods: Under urethane anesthesia, EUS electromyogram activity was evaluated in spinal cord‐transected (T8‐9) female rats during lower abdominal wall compression before and after the intravenous (i.v.) application of test drugs. The effects of MK‐801 (0.03, 0.3, and 3 mg/kg i.v.), an N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, or medetomidine (0.03, 0.3, and 3 mg/kg i.v.), an α 2 ‐AR agonist, for EUS activity were examined. Idazoxan (0.3 mg/kg i.v.), an α 2 ‐AR antagonist, was then administered before or after the application of MK‐801 (1 mg/kg i.v.). Results: Both MK‐801 and medetomidine dose‐dependently decreased EUS activity during abdominal compression. Idazoxan significantly increased EUS activity by 64%, but EUS activity during abdominal compression, which increased after idazoxan, was abolished by MK‐801. However, idazoxan did not reverse the inhibitory effects of MK‐801 on EUS activity during abdominal compression. Conclusions: These results indicate that glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the urethral continence reflex response to abdominal pressure increases and that α 2 ‐AR activation suppresses EUS activity, most likely via the presynaptic inhibition of glutamate release. Therefore, the α 2 ‐AR antagonist would represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.
A DFRC System Based on Multi-Carrier Agile FMCW MIMO Radar for Vehicular Applications (2020)

Automotive radar and communications are necessary components for future vehicles, allowing them to sense the environment and communicate with their surroundings. The joint design of both systems leads to potential gains in system size, power consumption, and spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we propose a dual function radar-communications system based on a multi-carrier frequency modulated continuous waveform MIMO radar. The proposed scheme transmits narrowband frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) from a subset of transmit antennas in a randomized manner rather than utilizing all the elements simultaneously. The randomness is exploited to convey information in the form of index modulation by embedding the transmitted bits in the selection of carrier frequencies and antennas. The results show that the proposed radar scheme achieves a similar resolution performance compared with a wideband radar system operating with a large receive aperture. While for communications subsystem, the proposed scheme achieves better bit error rate performance than the system only exploiting phase modulation.
ATM‐based wireless broadband access in the local loop (2001)

Abstract Broadband networks using wireless transmission techniques are a quick and flexible means of implementing subscriber access. Unoccupied frequency bands with sufficient bandwidth to allow the transmission of digital signals at very high bit rates are found only in the microwave bands. Because the path loss is fairly high at these frequencies, the diameter of radio cells is limited to a maximum of a few kilometres. This results in a microcellular system, which is best implemented in the form of a point‐to‐multipoint system, where one radio‐base station serves all subscribers registered in that radio cell. An interactive, broadband, ATM‐based radio local loop has undergone successful trials in Munich. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Lack of Increased Cardiac Toxicity with Sequential Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel (1998)

Introduction Recently, paclitaxel has joined doxorubicin as one of the most active single agents for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (1,2). Because these drugs now appear to be non-cross-resistant, combinations have been studied using various doses and schedules to assess efficacy and toxicity (3-7). However, concurrent administration of the two drugs at full doses has been associated with increased toxicity. In particular, an increased incidence of congestive heart failure has been seen in two studies of doxorubicin plus concurrent paclitaxel (6,7). At our institution, we have been developing “dose-dense” chemotherapy applying doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and cyclophosphamide as adjuvant treatment for high-risk primary breast cancer. To minimize toxicity and maximize delivered dose intensity, these drugs are given sequentially in the above order rather than concurrently. Because of the suggestion that the use of doxorubicin and paclitaxel might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity, we reviewed our prospective nonrandomized phase II study of sequential doxorubicin and paclitaxel to determine the incidence of cardiotoxicity.
Attosecond control of tunneling ionization and electron trajectories (2011)

We demonstrate the control of electron tunneling in the highorder armonic generation process and subsequent positive-energy wavepacket ropagation until recollision with the unprecedented precision of about 10 attoseconds. This is accomplished with waveforms synthesized from a fewcycle near-infrared pulse and its second harmonic. The presented attosecond control of few-cycle-driven high harmonics permits the generation of tunable isolated attosecond pulses, opening the prospects for a new class of attosecond pump-probe experiments. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.
Outcomes of Percutaneous Cholecystostomy for Acute Cholecystitis (2016)

PC is effective and relatively safe in high-risk patients with AC. However, patients with higher ALP or AMI during index admission have higher risk of recurrence and might benefit from definitive cholecystectomy.