gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IV.H.3 SISGR: Design and Synthesis of Chemically and Electronically Tunable Nanoporous Organic Polymers for Use in Hydrogen Storage Applications (2012)

The designed synthesis of two novel classes of porous organic polymers, borazine-linked polymers (BLPs) and benzimidazole-linked-polymers (BILPs), that are composed of chemically and electronically tunable building blocks have been performed and their use in hydrogen and other small gas storage has been investigated. Highly porous BLPs were prepared by employing thermal decomposition of amine-borane or amine-borontrihalide adducts in non-polar solvent mixtures. The textural properties and hydrogen storage capacity of these polymers were carried out using conventional low- and high-pressure gas sorption experiments. Additionally, porous BILPs featuring high imidazole linkage density were synthesized and tested for hydrogen storage. Among the most attractive properties of this class of polymers are their chemical and physical stabilities, amphoteric pore walls, and their high gas storage capabilities. BLPs can store up to 4.25 wt% of hydrogen at 77 K and 40 bar whereas BILPs can store 2.3 wt% of hydrogen at 77 K and only 1 bar. Both types of these purely organic polymers exhibit relatively moderate hydrogen isosteric heats of adsorption (6.0 to 8.3 kJ mol -1 ). An advantageous feature of these polymers is their functionalizable channels/pores that alter their affinity for small gases.
Assessment and control of organic and other contaminants associated with the Stardust sample return from comet 81P/Wild 2 (2010)

Abstract– Numerous potential sources of organic contaminants could have greatly complicated the interpretation of the organic portions of the samples returned from comet 81P/Wild 2 by the Stardust spacecraft. Measures were taken to control and assess potential organic (and other) contaminants during the design, construction, and flight of the spacecraft, and during and after recovery of the sample return capsule. Studies of controls and the returned samples suggest that many of these potential sources did not contribute any significant material to the collectors. In particular, contamination from soils at the recovery site and materials associated with the ablation of the heatshield do not appear to be significant problems. The largest source of concern is associated with the C present in the original aerogel. The relative abundance of this carbon can vary between aerogel tiles and even within individual tiles. This C was fortunately not distributed among a complex mixture of organics, but was instead largely present in a few simple forms (mostly as Si‐CH 3 groups). In most cases, the signature of returned cometary organics can be readily distinguished from contaminants through their different compositions, nonterrestrial isotopic ratios, and/or association with other cometary materials. However, some conversion of the carbon indigenous to the flight aerogel appears to have happened during particle impact, and some open issues remain regarding how this C may be processed into new forms during the hypervelocity impact collection of the comet dust.
Power and Accuracy Co-Optimization of an Optical Full Adder via Optimization Algorithms (2019)

In this paper, we propose methods to reduce modulation depth requirements of optical modulators in an optical full adder while still maintain the accuracy by optimizing parameters using algorithms. Results show that it is capable of reducing power consumption effectively.
A high-speed digitally programmable CCD transversal filter (1983)

A 32-stage programmable transversal filter is described which has 6-bit digitally programmable tap weights and has been operated at a 25-MHz clock rate. The device has a linear dynamic range of more than 60 dB and occupies a chip area of 24 mm/SUP 2/. Pipe-organ architecture made it possible to use a simple floating diffusion output circuit. The tap weight values are set by a 6-bit multiplying D/A converter (MDAC) at each delay-line input. The MDAC is a multiple CCD input structure with binary-weighted input gate areas and logic-controlled gates to multiply each charge packet by 0 or 1. The conversion speed of this structure is as high as that of a CCD input structure, but careful control of threshold voltage variations is required to achieve high accuracy. Experiments are described which show that threshold offsets can be reduced to about 2 mV RMS for a fill-and-spill input indicating that MDACs of this type with 8-bit accuracy are feasible.
Total Synthesis of the Antifungal Natural Product Mollisin (2013)

Abstract Mollisin, a bioactive polyketide secondary metabolite of the fungus Mollisia caesia , was synthesized in nine linear steps from commercially available 2,6‐dimethyl‐γ‐pyrone. A key transformation in this first total synthesis of mollisin was the ipso substitution of an arylstannane, which permitted the otherwise cumbersome introduction of the characteristic dichloroacetyl moiety. The fungal fungicide was obtained in an overall yield of 9 %.
CCL2: a Chemokine Potentially Promoting Early Seeding of the Latent HIV Reservoir (2022)

HIV infects long-lived CD4 memory T cells, establishing a latent viral reservoir that necessitates lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART). How this reservoir is formed so quickly after infection remains unclear. We now show the innate inflammatory response to HIV infection results in CCL2 chemokine release, leading to recruitment of cells expressing the CCR2 receptor, including a subset of central memory CD4 T cells. Supporting a role for the CCL2/CCR2 axis in rapid reservoir formation, we find (i) treatment of humanized mice with anti-CCL2 antibodies during early HIV infection decreases reservoir seeding and preserves CCR2/5<sup>+</sup> cells and (ii) CCR2/5<sup>+</sup> cells from the blood of HIV-infected individuals on long-term ART contain significantly more integrated provirus than CCR2/5-negative memory or naive cells. Together, these studies support a model where the host's innate inflammatory response to HIV infection, including CCL2 production, leads to the recruitment of CCR2/5<sup>+</sup> central memory CD4 T cells to zones of virus-associated inflammation, likely contributing to rapid formation of the latent HIV reservoir. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> There are currently over 35 million people living with HIV worldwide, and we still have no vaccine or scalable cure. One of the difficulties with HIV is its ability to rapidly establish a viral reservoir in lymphoid tissues that allows it to elude antivirals and the immune system. Thus, it is important to understand how HIV accomplishes this so we can develop preventive strategies. Our current results show that an early inflammatory response to HIV infection includes production of the chemokine CCL2, which recruits a unique subset of CCR2/5<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells that become infected and form a significant reservoir for latent infection. Furthermore, we show that blockade of CCL2 in humanized mice significantly reduces persistent HIV infection. This information is relevant to the development of therapeutics to prevent and/or treat chronic HIV infections.
New, Sensitive and Specific Elisa for the Detection of Neuropeptides in Culture Supernatants (1994)

Accurate and sensitive sandwich ELISA has been developed for the detection and identification of each of the three neuropeptides, namely, Vasoactive intestinal peptide, Somatostatin and Substance P. The neuropeptides conjugated with BSA and emulsified with Freund's adjuvant were used for immunisation of rabbits. Titres of polyclonal antibodies were checked by indirect immunofluorescence. The animals were bled when titres were high, sera separated, complement inactivated and IgG class of antibodies were purified using a protein G column. Purified IgG antibodies were used for coating the wells and for conjugation with HRPO and used for the detection of the synthetic neuropeptides in a standard solution or in the culture supernatant. The ELISA thus developed for the assay of each of the three neuropeptides had a sensitivity (0.01 ng - 12.8 ng/ml) equal to or better than that reported for these peptides by radioimmunoassay. The assay was highly specific and did not react with a panel of other neuropeptides tested. High level of sensitivity without compromising the specificity was achieved by using activated polyvinyl plates and using purified IgG from high titre rabbit anti-peptide sera. The non specific reaction was minimised by using 10,000 MW cut off amicon filtered supernatants.
Proteochemometric analysis of small cyclic peptides' interaction with wild‐type and chimeric melanocortin receptors (2007)

The melanocortin (MC) system confines unique G-protein coupled receptor pathways, which include the MC(1-5) receptors and their endogenous agonists and antagonists, the MCs and the agouti and agouti-related proteins. The MC4 receptor is an important target for development of drugs for treatment of obesity and cachexia. While natural MC peptides are selective for the MC1 receptor, some cyclic pentapeptides, such as the HS-129 peptide, show high selectivity for the MC4 receptor. Here we gained insight into the mechanisms for its recognition by MC receptors. To this end we correlated the interaction data of four HS peptide analogues with four wild-type and 14 multiple chimeric MC receptors to the binary and physicochemical descriptions of the studied entities by use of partial least squares regression, which resulted in highly valid proteochemometric models. Analysis of the models revealed that the recognition sites of the HS peptides are different from the earlier proteochemometrically mapped linear MSH peptides' recognitions sites, although they overlap partially. The analysis also revealed important amino acids that explain the selectivity of the HS-129 peptide for the MC4 receptor.
CDEK: Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase (2019)

The Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase (CDEK) is a database and web platform of active pharmaceutical ingredients with evidence of clinical testing as well as the organizations involved in their research and development. CDEK was curated by disambiguating intervention and organization names from ClinicalTrials.gov and cross-referencing these entries with other prominent drug databases. Approximately 43% of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the CDEK database were sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov and cannot be found in any other prominent compound-oriented database. The contents of CDEK are structured around three pillars: active pharmaceutical ingredients (n = 22 292), clinical trials (n = 127 223) and organizations (n = 24 728). The envisioned use of the CDEK is to support the investigation of many aspects of drug development, including discovery, repurposing opportunities, chemo- and bio-informatics, clinical and translational research and regulatory sciences.
Genome-wide meta-analysis of common variant differences between men and women (2012)

The male-to-female sex ratio at birth is constant across world populations with an average of 1.06 (106 male to 100 female live births) for populations of European descent. The sex ratio is considered to be affected by numerous biological and environmental factors and to have a heritable component. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of common allele modest effects at autosomal and chromosome X variants that could explain the observed sex ratio at birth. We conducted a large-scale genome-wide association scan (GWAS) meta-analysis across 51 studies, comprising overall 114 863 individuals (61 094 women and 53 769 men) of European ancestry and 2 623 828 common (minor allele frequency >0.05) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Allele frequencies were compared between men and women for directly-typed and imputed variants within each study. Forward-time simulations for unlinked, neutral, autosomal, common loci were performed under the demographic model for European populations with a fixed sex ratio and a random mating scheme to assess the probability of detecting significant allele frequency differences. We do not detect any genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10(-8)) common SNP differences between men and women in this well-powered meta-analysis. The simulated data provided results entirely consistent with these findings. This large-scale investigation across ~115 000 individuals shows no detectable contribution from common genetic variants to the observed skew in the sex ratio. The absence of sex-specific differences is useful in guiding genetic association study design, for example when using mixed controls for sex-biased traits.
Improvement of plasma uniformity using ZnO-coated dielectric barrier discharge in open air (2006)

Summary form only given. The discharge behavior in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) using ZnO-coated dielectric layer are examined. Using RF magnetron sputtering, ZnO thin film deposited on the alumina surface represents the higher surface conductivity of about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> orders than bare alumina surface. And we made two types of DBD reactor, normal DBD using bare alumina and ZnO-coated DBD. The size of the area was 5 cmtimes2 cm for dielectric layer and 3 cmtimes1 cm for copper electrode. Negative DC pulse power was applied to each reactor. And the pulse was generated by thyratron switching element and applied frequency is 1 kHz. Experimental result shows that in case of ZnO-coated DBD, discharge uniformity is improved definitely. Increase of surface conductivity causes charge spreading over the dielectric surface widely and these charges play a role of seed electrons for the initiation of consecutive streamer. Therefore the radius of microdischarge in air is decreased but fine and numerous current pulses are generated. This situation enhances the uniformity and stability of atmospheric pressure discharge in open air
Green Chemistry and Ionic Liquids: Synergies and Ironies (2002)

Ionic liquids are often portrayed as Green Solvents, however, 'Greenness' can only be measured in the context of the overall process. A perspective on the applications of ionic liquids in Green Chemistry, which focuses on the characteristics of ionic liquids and their contributions to Green Synthesis and Separations processes, followed by an explanation of the objectives and general organization of this book are presented.
Imaging Protein–Protein Interactions inside Living Cells via Interaction-Dependent Fluorophore Ligation (2011)

We report a new method, Interaction-Dependent PRobe Incorporation Mediated by Enzymes, or ID-PRIME, for imaging protein-protein interactions (PPIs) inside living cells. ID-PRIME utilizes a mutant of Escherichia coli lipoic acid ligase, LplA(W37V), which can catalyze the covalent ligation of a coumarin fluorophore onto a peptide recognition sequence called LAP1. The affinity between the ligase and LAP1 is tuned such that, when each is fused to a protein partner of interest, LplA(W37V) labels LAP1 with coumarin only when the protein partners to which they are fused bring them together. Coumarin labeling in the absence of such interaction is low or undetectable. Characterization of ID-PRIME in living mammalian cells shows that multiple protein-protein interactions can be imaged (FRB-FKBP, Fos-Jun, and neuroligin-PSD-95), with as little as 10 min of coumarin treatment. The signal intensity and detection sensitivity are similar to those of the widely used fluorescent protein complementation technique (BiFC) for PPI detection, without the disadvantage of irreversible complex trapping. ID-PRIME provides a powerful and complementary approach to existing methods for visualization of PPIs in living cells with spatial and temporal resolution.
Discovery of G-quadruplex stabilizing ligands through direct ELISA of a one-bead-one-compound library (2006)

We describe the identification of small-molecule G-quadruplex ligands using a direct ELISA screen of a one-bead-one-compound library of unnatural polyamides displayed on a branched linker with a biotin tag. This general purpose parallel screen for small molecule-oligonucleotide interactions was validated by surface plasmon resonance and ELISA of resynthesized compounds. Linear polyamides displayed similar rankings in their affinity for quadruplex as their branched counterparts. Quadruplex affinity as judged by these surface based techniques was a useful predictor of the ability of the ligands to stabilize the quadruplex to thermal unfolding in solution.
Anomalous polariton dynamics in LiTaO3 polariton dynamics in LiTaO3 (1993)

The techniques of single and multiple-pulse impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) are used to explore the dynamics of the lowest frequency A1 polariton mode in the ferroelectric crystal lithium tantalate. This time-domain technique which allows unambiguous characterization of the frequency and damping dispersion of the polariton reveals anomalously high damping rates for the A1 mode. The damping behavior is explained by a model that includes coupling of the polariton to a weakly Raman-active relaxational mode and to two E-symmetry modes.
The Kvaerner CB and H process: producing hydrogen the environmentally friendly way (1995)

The innovative Kvaerner CB and H process for the environmentally friendly production of hydrogen and carbon black from hydrocarbons was described. With electric power as input, natural gas or heavy oil will decompose into hydrogen and carbon black at high temperatures, without emitting CO{sub 2} or any other greenhouse gases. With no pollutants and two valuable products as the end result, the process compares very favorably with any of the conventional methods, such as the steam reformer, or photoelectrolytic processes for producing hydrogen and carbon black, both of which require more energy. The heart of the Kvaerner process is a reactor, in which a plasma torch provides the necessary energy to decompose the hydrocarbon. The process is based on a modular concept which provides unique flexibility in terms of production capacity and availability. Apart from the reactor module the process utilizes recognized and proven technology. 4 figs.
1254: Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: Natural Biology and Relevance of Subtyping (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 37, Tuesday, May 22, 2007, 8:00 - 10:00 am1 Apr 20071254: Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: Natural Biology and Relevance of Subtyping Tobias Klatte, Allan J. Pantuck, Amnon Zisman, Stephen B. Riggs, Jonathan W. Said, Nazy Zomorodian, Fairooz F. Kabbinavar, and Arie S. Belldegrun Tobias KlatteTobias Klatte More articles by this author , Allan J. PantuckAllan J. Pantuck More articles by this author , Amnon ZismanAmnon Zisman More articles by this author , Stephen B. RiggsStephen B. Riggs More articles by this author , Jonathan W. SaidJonathan W. Said More articles by this author , Nazy ZomorodianNazy Zomorodian More articles by this author , Fairooz F. KabbinavarFairooz F. Kabbinavar More articles by this author , and Arie S. BelldegrunArie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31468-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1254: Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: Natural Biology and Relevance of Subtyping." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), pp. 413–414 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 413-414 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Tobias Klatte More articles by this author Allan J. Pantuck More articles by this author Amnon Zisman More articles by this author Stephen B. Riggs More articles by this author Jonathan W. Said More articles by this author Nazy Zomorodian More articles by this author Fairooz F. Kabbinavar More articles by this author Arie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
On queue length estimation in urban traffic intersections via inductive loops (2023)

Queue length estimation in urban intersections represents a crucial issue for real-time traffic flows optimization. In this paper, we discuss different approaches to estimate the queue length using only inductive loops over two possible sensor layouts. Firstly, a model describing the queue dynamics is derived and a methodology to estimate the queue length at the preceding traffic light cycle is formulated, under the assumption of a single inductive loop sensor. Then, two strategies relying on a double-sensor layout are investigated to improve the quality of the queue length estimate, showing the potential of the use of a second inductive loop. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is validated both on real-world data and through a microscopic traffic simulator, where real-world traffic profiles are employed.
Broadband circularly-polarized infrared emission from multilayer metamaterials (2011)

Development of a 2D metamaterial that preferentially emits broadband circularly-polarized (CP) infrared radiation is hindered by the fact that orthogonal electric-field components are uncorrelated at the surface of the thermal emitter, a consequence of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem.We achieve broadband CP thermal emission by fabricating a meanderline quarter-wave retarder on a transparent thermal-isolation layer.Behind this isolation layer, in thermal contact with the emitter, is a wire-grid polarizer.Along with an unavoidable linear polarized radiation characteristic from the meanderline, we measured a degree of circular polarization (DOCP) of 28%, averaged over the 8-to 12 μm band.
Integrin αvβ3 acting as membrane receptor for thyroid hormones mediates angiogenesis in malignant T cells (2014)

The interaction of lymphoid tumor cells with components of the extracellular matrix via integrin αvβ3 allows tumor survival and growth. This integrin was demonstrated to be the membrane receptor for thyroid hormones (THs) in several tissues. We found that THs, acting as soluble integrin αvβ3 ligands, activated growth-related signaling pathways in T-cell lymphomas (TCLs). Specifically, TH-activated αvβ3 integrin signaling promoted TCL proliferation and angiogenesis, in part, via the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Consequently, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of integrin αvβ3 decreased VEGF production and induced TCL cell death in vitro and in human xenograft models. In sum, we show that integrin αvβ3 transduces prosurvival signals into TCL nuclei, suggesting a novel mechanism for the endocrine modulation of TCL pathophysiology. Targeting this mechanism could constitute an effective and potentially low-toxicity chemotherapy-free treatment of TCL patients.
Silicon nano-membrane based photonic crystal microcavities for high sensitivity bio-sensing (2012)

We experimentally demonstrated photonic crystal microcavity based resonant sensors coupled to photonic crystal waveguides in silicon nano-membrane on insulator for chemical and bio-sensing. Linear L-type microcavities are considered. In contrast to cavities with small mode volumes, but low quality factors for bio-sensing, we showed increasing the length of the microcavity enhances the quality factor of the resonance by an order of magnitude and increases the resonance wavelength shift while retaining compact device characteristics. Q~26760 and sensitivity down to 15 ng/ml and ~110 pg/mm2 in bio-sensing was experimentally demonstrated on silicon-on-insulator devices.
Chalcogenide Glass Films for Nonlinear Metasurface Applications (2018)

We evaluate the suitability of chalcogenide glass films, of interest because of their exceptionally high optical nonlinearities, for applications in metasurface devices and discuss results for a chalcogenide film-based optical beam converter.