gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adrenocortical hyporesponsiveness after treatment with ACTH of infantile spasms. (1986)

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis was studied in 10 infants before and during a six week period of treatment with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and three days and one and two weeks after its stopping. During the treatment 24 hour urinary cortisol excretion increased 20 to 350-fold (mean 100) above the basal value. Mean morning serum cortisol concentration, measured 24 hours after the preceding ACTH dose, did not increase. After the treatment mean urinary cortisol excretion was subnormal and mean morning serum cortisol concentration was below the pretreatment value. The mean serum cortisol response to a vasopressin test was reduced and shortened throughout the post-treatment observation period. The mean serum cortisol response to an intravenous ACTH test was not significantly different from the pretreatment response three days after treatment but was clearly reduced thereafter. At one and two weeks after treatment the basal concentrations of serum cortisol of one third of the patients and the post-ACTH concentrations of two thirds were subnormal. We conclude that in infants treatment with ACTH may cause adrenocortical hyporesponsiveness.
Pavlovian fear conditioning in mice anesthetized with halothane (1996)

Pavlovian fear conditioning was employed to investigate learning during general anesthesia. Mice were given three CS-UCS presentations while anesthetized with halothane. The CS was a 10-s tone and the UCS a 0.4-mA shock delivered intramuscularly to the hindlimbs via needle electrodes. Anesthetized control groups received either CS only, UCS only, or CS followed by a 3-min delayed UCS. Strength of fear conditioning was assessed by measuring duration of suppression of drinking induced by tone presentation in a test session conducted 24 h after training. Results showed that mice trained under anesthesia exhibited a significant amount of conditioned suppression relative to the anesthetized control groups. These results show that Pavlovian fear conditioning can occur under halothane anesthesia.
Research Challenges and Opportunities in Mobile Applications [DSP Education] (2011)

Following the rapid proliferation of mobile devices, especially smartphones, both server-based and embedded speech and multimodal applications started to emerge. These range from simpler applications where speech recognition is followed by a known task such as voice search or messaging, to more complex systems such as speech-to-speech translation, educational applications, or personal assistants.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Gene deficiency and Skeletal Muscle Healing (2004)

2009 Muscle strains, lacerations, and contusions are very common in both the athletic and the orthopaedic trauma population. The role of inflammation and cyclooxygenase enzymes in the healing of muscle injuries is not completely understood. Prostaglandins, products of cyclooxygenase, have been implicated in myoblast proliferation and fusion events, as well as tissue fibrosis after severe injuries. The inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) is upregulated and produces prostaglandins at sites of muscle injury. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of COX-2 deficiency on the healing of muscle injuries. METHODS: A tibialis anterior muscle laceration model was used in wild-type and COX-2 deficient (COX-2−/−) mice. Under anesthesia a TA laceration (50% of the TA width and 100% of its thickness) was created on day 1. At day 5 (n = 3/group) and 14 (n = 4/group) the mice were sacrificed and their TA muscles were frozen and cryosectioned. H&E staining was utilized to count the number of regenerating myofibers and determine their size; modified-Mason trichrome staining was used to evaluate muscle fibrosis formation. CD11b immunohistochemical staining was utilized to evaluate inflammatory cell inflltration at 5 days post-injury; also, TGF-β1 staining was performed on muscles that were 14 days post-injury. RESULTS: A significantly lower number of regenerating myofibers were measured in the COX-2−/− mice at both 5 and 14 days (p<0.05). Also, the regenerating myofiber diameters of COX-2−/− mice were significantly smaller than wild-type mice at 14 days (p<0.05). CD11b staining revealed a reduction in inflammatory cell inflltrates in COX-2 deficient muscles as compared to wild-type muscles at 5 days post-injury (p<0.05). Analysis of muscle flbrosis and TGF-â1 at 14 days revealed a significant reduction in both at 14 days (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in both myofiber regeneration and flbrotic tissue formation in COX-2 deficient mice suggests that COX-2 may have an important function in the healing of skeletal muscle. COX-2 and its products, the prostaglandins, play a complex role in the inflammatory process and are being further investigated to confirm these results and better elucidate the pathways involved.
The High Temperature Materials Division (2001)

The High Temperature Materials (HTM) Division was established in 1921. It is one of the two oldest Divisions of The Electrochemical Society. Not surprisingly, the Division is in strong financial shape, allowing HTM to sponsor a number of outstanding symposia, as well as awards for scientific distinction. The focus of the Division has broadened significantly from its origins in high temperature materials chemistry and corrosion to encompass high temperature electrochemical systems such as solid oxide fuel cells, ionic membranes, sensors, and the science and technology of chemical vapor deposition and related processes.
Power Supply with Integrated PassivEs.The EU FP7 PowerSwipe Project (2014)

International audience
On the rates for the general broadcast channel with partially cooperating receivers (2005)

We consider the problem of communicating over the general discrete memoryless broadcast channel (BC) with partially cooperating receivers. In our setup, receivers are able to exchange messages over noiseless conference links of finite capacities, prior to decoding the messages sent from the transmitter. This problem comes up naturally in a sensor networking application, where a transmitter external to the sensor network wants to download data into the network, e.g., to configure the sensor array. In this paper, we extend the achievability results for the degraded broadcast channel derived in R. Dabora and S. Servetto (2004), to the general channel and present an upper bound on the rates
Conjugates of catecholamines. 1. N-Alkyl-functionalized carboxylic acid congeners and amides related to isoproterenol (1983)

A series of functionalized catecholamines (congeners) has been synthesized in which, formalistically, the N-isopropyl group of isoproterenol has been extended by a linear alkyl chain of varying length, terminated by a carboxy group or a substituted amide. The compounds were prepared generally via the reductive amination of norepinephrine with a keto acid or a preformed keto amide. An alternate synthesis of the model amide derivatives, involving activation of the carboxylic acid congeners and coupling with amines, was complicated in the case of short-chain derivatives by facile cyclization to lactams. In vitro evaluation of these compounds as potential beta-adrenergic agonists has shown that, while the carboxylic acid congeners have relatively low potencies, the model amide derivatives have potencies that are highly dependent on both the length of the alkyl chain and also the nature of the substituent on the amide. In general, aromatic amides are the most potent, although the nature and position of substituents on the aromatic group dramatically influences their potency. The implications of these studies, in terms of general beta-adrenergic drug design and also the attachment of the carboxylic acid congeners to carriers, are discussed.
Pressure Effects on the Segmental Dynamics of Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Blends (2003)

Segmental relaxations in the neat components and the blend of poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVPh) with poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA, with 70 wt % vinyl acetate) are studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy at different temperatures and hydrostatic pressures (up to 750 MPa). Pressure retards the relaxation, with a consequent increase of the glass transition temperature (Tg). The pressure coefficient of Tg is 158 C/GPa for the neat EVA, with temperature and pressure found to exert a comparable effect on segmental relaxation. The shape of the EVA segmental relaxation function, however, is the same for different temperature−pressure conditions at a given relaxation time. On the other hand, PVT measurements on PVPh indicate that temperature is more important than pressure in determining the segmental relaxation time, due to the presence of strong hydrogen bonding. For blends with 20% and 30% PVPh, similar pressure-dependent increases of Tg are observed, although contributions from T and P to segmental relaxation are again comparable, despite the hydrogen bonding between PVPh and EVA. Although both high pressure and temperature reduce the concentration of hydrogen bonds in the blends, which tends to decouple the components' segmental relaxation processes, the relaxation time distribution in the blends is narrowed with increasing pressure at a given relaxation time. This behavior is interpreted by considering the additional mobility achieved from breaking hydrogen bonds at high pressures and high temperatures for the hydrogen-bonded (and thus slow) PVPh−EVA segments compared with the fast relaxation of unassociated EVA segments.
A relationship between film texture and stress-voiding tendency in Copper thin films (2002)

The origin of stress voiding in heat-treated Cu thin films was investigated in relation to microstructure. Voids were observed at the intersections of twins with grain boundaries or with other twins. Twin interfaces were accompanied by stress concentration due to the elastic anisotropy. Stress concentration was found to act as a driving force for stress voiding. Twin formation and associated void formation could be avoided by controlling the film texture. Texture transition from (111) to (100) was observed in heat-treated films with increasing the film thickness from 200 nm to 300 nm. The (100) oriented films did not show any voids or hillocks. The excellent stress-migration resistance in the (100) oriented films could be attributed to the absence of twins and by small thermal stresses.
Inhibition of HIV‐1 by a Peptide Ligand of the Genomic RNA Packaging Signal Ψ (2008)

The interaction of the nucleocapsid NCp7 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag polyprotein with the RNA packaging signal Psi ensures specific encapsidation of the dimeric full length viral genome into nascent virus particles. Being an essential step in the HIV-1 replication cycle, specific genome encapsidation represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention. We previously selected peptides binding to HIV-1 Psi-RNA or stem loops (SL) thereof by phage display. Herein, we describe synthesis of peptide variants of the consensus HWWPWW motif on membrane supports to optimize Psi-RNA binding. The optimized peptide, psi-pepB, was characterized in detail with respect to its conformation and binding properties for the SL3 of the Psi packaging signal by NMR and tryptophan fluorescence quenching. Functional analysis revealed that psi-pepB caused a strong reduction of virus release by infected cells as monitored by reduced transduction efficiencies, capsid p24 antigen levels, and electron microscopy. Thus, this peptide shows antiviral activity and could serve as a lead compound to develop new drugs targeting HIV-1.
Novel Theaflavin-Type Chlorogenic Acid Derivatives Identified in Black Tea (2018)

Consumption of black tea contributed to many health benefits including the prevention of heart disease and certain types of cancer. However, the chemical composition of black tea has not been fully explored. Most studies have examined different interactions between the four major tea catechins, and limited studies have investigated the interaction between catechins and other components in tea. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that the ortho-dihydroxyl structure of chlorogenic acid (CGA) could react with the vic-trihydroxy structure of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) to generate theaflavin-type of compounds during black tea fermentation. The reaction between CGA and EGCG or EGC was catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (POD) in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Two theaflavin-type compounds EGCG-CGA and EGC-CGA were purified using a Sephadex LH-20 column. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of the analysis of their MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data. Furthermore, the existence of these two novel compounds was characterized by LC/MS/MS analysis. We also found that EGCG-CGA and EGC-CGA had very similar inhibitory effects on the growth of human colon cancer cells with that of theaflavin 3,3'-digallate. These findings shed light on the interactions between the major bioactive compounds, catechins, and other minor compounds in tea. The confirmation of the presence of this type of reaction in black tea may provide more understanding of the complexity of black tea chemistry.
Low Insertion Loss 128-Gbaud HB-CDM with 3D-Printed Spot Size Converter Integrated InP-based Modulator (2023)

We demonstrate 128 Gbaud HB-CDM with InP-based modulator having 3D-printed SSCs on chip facet. Optical coupling loss of 1.1 dB and Telcordia compliant reliability promise practical usage of 3D-print technology based on two photon polymerization.
Spinal Endocannabinoids and CB 1 Receptors Mediate C-Fiber–Induced Heterosynaptic Pain Sensitization (2009)

Diminished synaptic inhibition in the spinal dorsal horn is a major contributor to chronic pain. Pathways that reduce synaptic inhibition in inflammatory and neuropathic pain states have been identified, but central hyperalgesia and diminished dorsal horn synaptic inhibition also occur in the absence of inflammation or neuropathy, solely triggered by intense nociceptive (C-fiber) input to the spinal dorsal horn. We found that endocannabinoids, produced upon strong nociceptive stimulation, activated type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors on inhibitory dorsal horn neurons to reduce the synaptic release of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycine and thus rendered nociceptive neurons excitable by nonpainful stimuli. Our results suggest that spinal endocannabinoids and CB1 receptors on inhibitory dorsal horn interneurons act as mediators of heterosynaptic pain sensitization and play an unexpected role in dorsal horn pain-controlling circuits.
Proceedings Workshop on Photometric Analysis for Computer Vision (PACV'2007) (2007)

International audience
Super Bright Light-Emitting Devices using Surface Plasmon Coupling (2008)

We developed a novel method to enhance the light emission efficiencies from solid-state materials by use of surface plasmon (SP). We obtained a 17-fold increase in the luminescence intensity along with a 7-fold increase in the internal quantum efficiency of light emission from InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) when nano-structured silver layers were deposited 10 nm above the QWs. We also observed a 32-fold increase in the spontaneous emission rate of InGaN/GaN at 440 nm probed by time-resolved PL measurements. Electron-hole pairs in the materials couple to electron vibrations at the metal surface and produce SPs instead of photons or phonons. This new path increases the spontaneous emission rate and the internal quantum efficiencies. The SP-emitter coupling technique would lead to super bright and high-speed solid-state light-emitting devices that offer realistic alternatives to conventional fluorescent light sources.
Identification of a novel targeting sequence for regulated secretion in the serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin (2007)

Ns (neuroserpin) is a member of the serpin (serine protease inhibitor) gene family that is primarily expressed within the central nervous system. Its principal target protease is tPA (tissue plasminogen activator), which is thought to contribute to synaptic plasticity and to be secreted in a stimulus-dependent manner. In the present study, we demonstrate in primary neuronal cultures that Ns co-localizes in LDCVs (large dense core vesicles) with the regulated secretory protein chromogranin B. We also show that Ns secretion is regulated and can be specifically induced 4-fold by secretagogue treatment. A novel 13-amino-acid sorting signal located at the C-terminus of Ns is identified that is both necessary and sufficient to target Ns to the regulated secretion pathway. Its deletion renders Ns no longer responsive to secretagogue stimulation, whereas PAI-Ns [Ns (neuroserpin)-PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) chimaera appending the last 13 residues of Ns sequence to the C-terminus of PAI-1] shifts PAI-1 secretion into a regulated secretory pathway.
Digitally programmable gain control circuit for charge-domain signal processing (1991)

A simple, nearly passive circuit for programmable gain control of charge-domain signals is described. The circuit is functionally equivalent to a multiplying digital-to-analog converter (MDAC) and is implemented in a 3- mu m double-poly, double-metal charge-coupled device (CCD) process. Two implementations of the circuit are reported: a single-stage recursive converter, and a ten-stage pipeline converter. The latter occupies 0.4 mm/sup 2/ of chip area and consumes approximately 2 mu W for a 1-kHz conversion rate. The circuit is shown experimentally to have all 8-b equivalent accuracy in both differential and integral linearity and is expected to find application in focal-plane image processing for both detector nonuniformity correction and convolution weighting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Biological Invasions, Climate Change, and Genomics (2016)

The rate of biological invasions is expected to increase as the effects of climate change on biological communities become widespread.Climate change enhances habitat disturbance which facilitates the establishment of invasive species, which in turn provides opportunities for hybridization and introgression.These effects influence local biodiversity that can be tracked through genetic and genomic approaches.Metabarcoding and metagenomic approaches provide a way of monitoring some types of communities under climate change for the appearance of invasives.Introgression and hybridization can be followed by the analysis of entire genomes so that rapidly changing areas of the genome are identified and instances of genetic pollution monitored.Genomic markers enable accurate tracking of invasive species' geographic origin well beyond what was previously possible.New genomic tools are promoting fresh insights into classic questions about invading organisms under climate change, such as the role of genetic variation, local adaptation and climate pre-adaptation in successful invasions.These tools are providing managers with often more effective means to identify potential threats, improve surveillance and assess impacts on communities.We provide a framework for the application of genomic techniques within a management context and also indicate some important limitations in what can be achieved.
Toward Efficient Microwave-Optical Transduction using Cavity Electro-Optics in Thin-Film Lithium Niobate (2020)

We describe progress toward high-efficiency transduction between microwave and optical radiation using integrated thin-film superconducting microwave resonators and lithium niobate optical resonators.
Yet another function for hepatocyte growth factor (2006)

Comment on Cao et al, page [3531][1]

In addition to the primary lymphangiogenic factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D, a number of other growth factors have recently been shown to stimulate the process. In this issue of Blood , the pleiotrophic hepatocyte growth factor is reported to stimulate
MO276: Renal Tubular CD24 Upregulation Aggravates Folic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Through Inhibition of Regulatory T Cells in Mice (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by cell death and inflammation. CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein which is induced during tissue damage and is not expressed in matured renal tissue. We explored the role of CD24 in the pathogenesis of folic acid-induced AKI (FA-AKI) in mice. METHOD A single i.p. injection of folic acid induced AKI in WT and CD24-/- mice. Renal function tests, histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis and ELISA were performed to assess the severity of renal damage and the intensity of the inflammatory response. RESULTS FA-AKI induced the expression of CD24 in the distal tubular epithelial cells. Compared to WT mice, FA-AKI CD24-/- mice exhibited an attenuated reduction in renal function and histological injury, lower serum IL-10 and interferon γ, and decreased expression of renal TNFα. Renal and systemic IL-33 were upregulated in both groups. However, it was more pronounced in FA-AKI CD24-/- animals. FA-AKI CD24-animals exhibited increased splenic margination and renal infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs). At day 7, FA-AKI CD24-/- mice demonstrated increased expression of tubular pro-apoptotic (activated caspase 3) and decreased anti-apoptotic (Bcl-xL) proteins compared with WT animals. Administration of anti CD24 antibody to FA-AKI mice attenuated the decrease in renal function and ameliorated the histological injury in comparison with untreated animals. Renal biopsies from patients with ATN stained strongly for CD24 in the distal tubules. CONCLUSION During AKI, upregulation of CD24 promotes renal inflammation through inhibition of Tregs infiltration and diversion of cell death towards necrosis rather than apoptosis. Neutralization of CD24 may prove as a target for future therapies in AKI.
Video V2 from PanIN Neuroendocrine Cells Promote Tumorigenesis via Neuronal Cross-talk (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Bright field and fluorescent live imaging of NK1-Rlow (red) and NK1-Rhi/GFP (yellow) cells plated together in organoid culture.&lt;/p&gt;