gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism-based enzyme inactivation via a diactivated cyclopropane intermediate (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism-based enzyme inactivation via a diactivated cyclopropane intermediateRichard B. Silverman, Charles Z. Ding, J. Luigi Borrillo, and John T. ChangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 7, 2982–2983Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00060a059RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views215Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (220 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Actin Cytoskeleton Regulates Hippo Signaling (2013)

Hippo pathway controls the organ size by modulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the upstream regulation of hippo signaling by actin cytoskeleton is not clear. To elucidate the role of actin as an upstream regulator of Hippo signaling, the levels of F (filamentous)-actin in cells were elevated using jasplakinolide, an actin-stabilizing drug. Induction of F-actin formation in HeLa cells resulted in decreased phosphorylation of YAP, a key effector molecule for Hippo signaling. The activated YAP is localized to the cell nucleus and YAP increase was associated with increased expression of downstream CCN growth factors CCN1/CYR61 and CCN2/CTGF. The effect of the actin-stabilizing drug was blocked when YAP levels were suppressed in YAP "knock-down" cells. In summary, using an actin-stabilizing drug we show that actin cytoskeleton is one of the upstream regulators of Hippo signaling capable of activating YAP and increasing its downstream CCN growth factors.
Real-Time Distance-Dependent Mapping for a Hybrid ToF Multi-Camera Rig (2012)

We propose a real-time mapping procedure for data matching to deal with hybrid time-of-flight (ToF) multi-camera rig data fusion. Our approach takes advantage of the depth information provided by the ToF camera to calculate the distance-dependent disparity between the two cameras that constitute the system. As a consequence, the not co-centric binocular system behaves as a co-centric system with co-linear optical axes between their sensors. The association between mapped and non-mapped image coordinates can be described by a set of look-up tables. This, in turn, reduces the complexity of the whole process to a simple indexing step, and thus, performs in real-time. The experimental results show that in addition to being straightforward and easy to compute, our proposed data matching approach is highly accurate which facilitates further fusion operations.
Application of BI-RADS Descriptors in Contrast-Enhanced Dual-Energy Mammography: Comparison with MRI (2017)

MRI BI-RADS descriptors of contrast-enhancing lesions can be applied for the morphologic analysis of mass lesions on CEDEM.
SPRACH/ThisL review (1998)

Reviews of progress on the International Computer Science Institute's contributions to two speech recognition projects funded under the European Commission "Framework" program, the Thematic Indexing of Spoken Language (ThisL) project and the Speech Recognition Algorithms for Connectionist Hybrids (SPRACH) project.
Attenuation and velocity of 56 GHz longitudinal phonons in gallium arsenide from 50 to 300 K (1994)

Abstract We have used a novel method to measure the attenuation and velocity of 56 GHz longitudinal phonons in GaAs over the temperature range from 50 to 300 K. The sample was a molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown layer separated from the substrate by a GaAs/AlAs multilayer structure that acted as a resonant reflector for the phonons. We discuss the results in terms of theories of the phonon-phonon interaction.
Quantitative Measurement of Osseous Pathology in Advanced Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis (2017)

The B3 and C2 patterns have qualitative and quantitative differences that may result in different clinical outcomes than classic B2 or C types; therefore, our findings suggest that these new subtypes should be included in a new or modified classification system.
NMR Proton Relaxation in Trioxane and Trithiane (1979)

Abstract Laboratory and rotating frame proton NMR relaxation times as well as second moments have been measured for the solids trioxane and trithiane. In both cases only evidence for rotation of the molecules about their respective three fold axes can be found. For this process the correlation times are, for trioxane and for trithiane (Here R is in kcal mol−1 K−1.) The rate of this rotation is too fast, or its barrier too low, for it to be rate limiting in the solid state polymerization process.
Mechanical displacement induced in a piezoelectric structure: Experimental measurement by laser interferometry and simulation by a finite element method (1988)

From the knowledge of piezoelectric material tensorial components one can, by the finite element method, calculate the electrical impedance versus frequency and simulate the mechanical deformation of piezoelectric bars. Here, the simulation results obtained with lead zirconate-titanate and lead titanate ceramics are reported. In order to check the validity of the simulation, interferometric measurements of the mechanical deformation amplitude were performed. It is shown that these measurements are able to reveal the inhomogeneity of the materials under study and that a small error in the tensorial parameter absolute values leads to an inconsistent picture of simulated mechanical deformation.
Ohmic and Inductive Heating (2000)

Scope of Deliverables: This section covers information, where available, on kinetics and relevant safety considerations for processing commercially sterile or extended shelf‐life products produced by ohmic and inductive heating. It does not include combinations of other alternate process technologies with ohmic and inductive heating, since the number of potential combinations is infinite but no information is available.
Direct Synthesis of Nano‐Ferrierite along the 10‐Ring‐Channel Direction Boosts Their Catalytic Behavior (2018)

Abstract Ferrierite zeolites with nanosized crystals and external surface areas higher than 250 m 2 g −1 have been prepared at relatively low synthesis temperature (120 °C) by means of the collaborative effect of two organic structure directing agents (OSDA). In this way, hierarchical porosity is achieved without the use of post‐synthesis treatments that usually involve leaching of T atoms and solid loss. Adjusting the synthesis conditions it is possible to decrease the crystallite size in the directions of the 8‐ and 10‐ring channels, [010] and [001] respectively, reducing their average pore length to 10–30 nm and increasing the number of pores accessible. The small crystal size of the nano‐ferrierites results in an improved accessibility of reactants to the catalytic active centers and enhanced product diffusion, leading to higher conversion and selectivity with lower deactivation rates for the oligomerization of 1‐pentene into longer‐chain olefins.
An Equation of State for a New Working Fluid HFC-134a. (1991)

On the basis of the PVT, specific heat, and saturated-liquid-density data measured by our group, and other available experimental data, an equation of state for HFC-134a (1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, CH2FCF3) was developed. It is a nondimensionalized virial equation of state which has 25 terms and is effective in the range of pressures up to 15MPa, temperatures from 240 to 480K, and densities from 0 to 1400kg/m3. The equation represents reliable PVT measurements within ±0.5% in pressure in the superheated gaseous and supercritical fluid phases, while within ±0.5% in density in the compressed liquid phase. The reliability of the derived properties from the equation of state including specific heats, speed of sound, and so on, was confirmed by comparison with reliable experimental data. Speed-of-sound data in the gaseous phase reported by Goodwin and Moldover are reproduced within ±0.1%, and most of the isobaric specific heat data by Saitoh et al. are reproduced within ±1% by this equation of state.
Generation of Pax1/PAX1-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies (2016)

Pax genes encode an evolutionary conserved group of transcription factors with multiple roles during embryonic development and for cell type specification in normal and malignant tissues of the adult organism. In mice, Pax1 is required for the formation of specific skeletal structures as well as for the development of a fully functional thymus. In humans, the PAX1 locus has been linked to otofaciocervical syndrome, idiopathic scoliosis, and to a higher susceptibility for androgenic alopecia. In addition, the methylation status of PAX1 has recently emerged as a sensitive marker for predictive screening of cervical cancer. To provide a reagent for reproducible detection of Pax1 expression, we have generated rat monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the murine Pax1 protein. MAbs of one clone (clone 5A2) specifically detect mouse Pax1 protein in Western blot analyses. Moreover, the anti-Pax1 MAbs cross-react with human PAX1 protein and are applicable in immunohistochemical detection procedures using paraformaldehyde/formalin-fixed tissues embedded in paraffin. The anti-Pax1 MAbs provide a reliable reagent for reproducible Pax1/PAX1 protein expression analyses and, therefore, may help to improve diagnostic protocols in clinical settings involving deregulated expression of Pax1/PAX1.
Magnetically coupled high‐gain Y‐source isolated DC/DC converter (2014)

A new form of magnetically coupled DC/DC converter is proposed for medium power applications (250 W to 2 kW), requiring a high‐voltage gain, short inductive charging time and galvanic isolation. The proposed converter can be realised using a unique Y‐source impedance network and a two‐switch push–pull circuit with voltage‐doubling rectification. The converter's voltage gain is presently not matched by any other converter operating at the same switch duty ratio. The converter also has more degrees of freedom in design for setting the desired gain than other converters, and hence can better meet the demands of many applications. The operating principles of the converter have been analysed mathematically, and are verified by both simulation and experiment.
Chloroquine Defeats Aging? (2023)

Autophagy, the turnover of cellular components including organelles, declines with age. Thus, enhancement of this characteristic process is hypothesized to improve health and extend lifespan. Two recent papers present data indicating that contrary to expectation, chloroquine (CQ), a nominal inhibitor of autophagy, extended the lifespan of middle-aged mice and rats by ~10%. Details of these studies provide a cautionary tale regarding traditional reagents or “tool compounds” of “established” mechanisms often used in cellular biological research. However, these and earlier studies support a deeper investigation of CQ or its more commonly used clinical analog, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as potential drugs to increase health span and slow the aging process.
Dynamic CT perfusion image data compression for efficient parallel processing (2015)

The increasing size of medical imaging data, in particular time series such as CT perfusion (CTP), requires new and fast approaches to deliver timely results for acute care. Cloud architectures based on graphics processing units (GPUs) can provide the processing capacity required for delivering fast results. However, the size of CTP datasets makes transfers to cloud infrastructures time-consuming and therefore not suitable in acute situations. To reduce this transfer time, this work proposes a fast and lossless compression algorithm for CTP data. The algorithm exploits redundancies in the temporal dimension and keeps random read-only access to the image elements directly from the compressed data on the GPU. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to present a GPU-ready method for medical image compression with random access to the image elements from the compressed data.
Characterization of a sHsp of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, SpHsp15.8, and the implication of its functional mechanism by comparison with another sHsp, SpHsp16.0 (2008)

Abstract There exist two small heat shock proteins (sHsps) in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe ( S. pombe ), whose expressions are highly induced by heat stress. We have previously expressed, purified, and characterized one of the sHsps, SpHsp16.0. In this study, we examined the other sHsp, SpHsp15.8. It suppressed the thermal aggregation of citrate synthase (CS) from porcine heart and dithiothreitol‐induced aggregation of insulin from bovine pancreas with very high efficiency. Almost one SpHsp15.8 subunit was sufficient to protect one protein molecule from aggregation. Like SpHsp16.0, SpHsp15.8 dissociated into small oligomers and then interacted with denatured substrate proteins. SpHsp16.0 exhibited a clear enthalpy change for denaturation occurring over 60°C in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). However, we could not observe any significant enthalpy change in the DSC of SpHsp15.8. The difference is likely to be caused by the adhesive characteristics of SpHsp15.8. The oligomer dissociation of SpHsp15.8 and SpHsp16.0 and their interactions with denatured substrate proteins were studied by fluorescence polarization analysis (FPA). Both sHsps exhibited a temperature‐dependent decrease of fluorescence polarization, which correlates with the dissociation of large oligomers to small oligomers. The dissociation of the SpHsp15.8 oligomer began at about 35°C and proceeded gradually. On the contrary, the SpHsp16.0 oligomer was stable up to ∼45°C, but then dissociated into small oligomers abruptly at this temperature. Interestingly, SpHsp16.0 is likely to interact with denatured CS in the dissociated state, while SpHsp15.8 is likely to interact with CS in a large complex. These results suggest that S. pombe utilizes two sHsps that function in different manners, probably to cope with a wide range of temperatures and various denatured proteins. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unidirectional sub-diffraction waveguiding based on optical spin–orbit coupling in subwavelength plasmonic waveguides (2015)

Subwavelength plasmonic waveguides show the unique ability of strongly localizing (down to the nanoscale) and guiding light. These structures are intrinsically two-way optical communication channels, providing two opposite light-propagation directions. As a consequence, when light is coupled to these planar integrated devices directly from the top (or bottom) surface using strongly focused beams, it is equally shared into the two opposite propagation directions. Here, we show that symmetry can be broken over a broad spectral bandwidth by using incident circularly polarized light, on the basis of a spin-orbital angular momentum transfer directly within waveguide bends. We predict that up to 94% of the incoupled light is directed into a single propagation channel of a gap plasmon waveguide. Unidirectional propagation of strongly localized optical energy, far beyond the diffraction limit, becomes switchable by polarization, with no need of intermediate nano-antennas/scatterers as light directors. This study may open new perspectives in a large panel of scientific domains, such as nanophotonic circuitry, routing and sorting, optical nanosensing, and nano-optical trapping and manipulation.
190 – SURGICAL SIMULATORS AND HIP FRACTURES: A ROLE IN RESIDENCY TRAINING? (2011)

Purpose: Orthopaedic residency training requires intellectual and motor skill development. In this study we aim to develop a model to evaluate junior resident proficiency and efficiency versus senior residents in the placement of a center-center guidewire during fixation of an intertrochanteric proximal femur fracture utilizing a computer-based haptic simulator. We hypothesize the junior residents will utilize more fluoroscopy and require more time to complete the task. Method: Post-graduate year residents (PGY) 3–5s, labeled Group II, placed a single central guide pin into a femoral head utilizing a surgical simulator four times. PGY 1–2s, labeled Group I, completed the same task six times. The residents were then evaluated based on final tip-apex distance (TAD), fluoroscopy time, time to complete the task, total number of distinct attempts at pin placement for each femur construct as well as final three-dimensional location of the pin from the isometric center of the femoral head. This project was approved by the institutional IRB. Conclusion: In this study we displayed that based on our simulator model there was no statistical difference between Group I and II in time to completion, final placement on AP view, and tip-apex distance. There was a statistically significant difference in the anterior/posterior placement of the wire between the two groups, fluoroscopy time, and number of attempts per trial. Our findings suggest a computer based surgical simulator can identify measurable differences in surgical proficiency between junior and senior orthopaedic residents.
T‐DNA tagging of a pathogen inducible promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana (2002)

Summary Many events associated with the plant defence responses are regulated on the transcriptional level. Here we report the results of a promoter tagging approach to identify promoters that are induced upon pathogen attack in Arabidopsis thaliana. A line was identified in a T-DNA UidA tagged Arabidopsis library with induced GUS expression after Botrytis cinerea infection around the site of fungal infection. The upstream sequence was isolated and fused to the UidA gene and tested in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus plants. Promoter function was very similar to the expression pattern found in the original promoter tagged line. We found that the promoter sequence was located on Arabidopsis chromosome III and linked to a predicted open reading frame in the reverse orientation. The predicted gene codes for a putative receptor serine threonine protein kinase of 383 amino acids in size. The clone contains a protein kinase ATP binding region, a protein kinase active site, a region with similarity to motifs found in Alpha Isopropylmalate/homocitrate synthase enzymes and a putative leucine zipper motif. Analysis of the expression pattern of the gene using RT-PCR demonstrated that the putative receptor serine threonine protein kinase is up-regulated after Salicylic acid treatment and Botrytis infection.
A 0.5–16.3 Gb/s Fully Adaptive Flexible-Reach Transceiver for FPGA in 20 nm CMOS (2015)

This paper describes a 0.5–16.3 Gb/s fully adaptive wireline transceiver embedded in 20 nm CMOS FPGA. The receiver utilizes bandwidth adjustable CTLE and adjustable output capacitance at the AGC to support wide range of channel loss profiles. A modified 11-tap, 1 bit speculative DFE topology provides reliable operation across all data rates. Low-latency digital CDR ensures high tracking bandwidth while still providing flexibility to support multiple protocols. The transceiver uses ring-oscillator with programmable main and cross-coupled inverter drive-strengths to wide range of operating frequency for low data-rate operation. A wide range low jitter LC-PLL utilizes feedback divider with synchronized CMOS down-counter without a prescaler to achieve a continuous divide ratio of 16-257. The clock distribution uses quadrature-error correction circuit to improve phase interpolator linearity. The transceiver achieves BER <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$ &lt; $</tex> </formula> 10 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{-15}$</tex> </formula> over a 28 dB loss backplane at 16.3 Gb/s and over legacy channels with 10 G-KR characteristics at 10.3125 Gb/s. The transceiver meets jitter tolerance specifications for both PCIe Gen3 at 8 Gb/s and PCIe Gen4 at 16 Gb/s in both common-clock and spread-spectrum modes.
Numerical Simulation of a Microwave-Excited Microplasma Thruster (2009)

Numerical analysis has been made for the plasma and flow properties in the microplasma source and micronozzle by developing a self-consistent numerical model, where a two-temperature fluid model was applied to the entire region through the plasma source to nozzle. Numerical results with 4-GHz microwaves and propellant gas of Ar 0.98 mg/s (33 sccm) revealed a spatially nonuniform distribution of plasma and flow parameters in the microplasma source: the absorbed power density, plasma density, and gas temperature were maximum at around the top of the microwave antenna, or near the inlet of the micronozzle, which is preferred for a thruster of electrothermal type using a converging-diverging nozzle.
Quantitative Aspects of the Interfacial Catalytic Oxidation of Dithiothreitol by Dissolved Oxygen in the Presence of Carbon Nanoparticles (2015)

The catalytic nature of particulate matter is often advocated to explain its ability to generate reactive oxygen species, but quantitative data are lacking. We have performed molecular characterization of three different carbonaceous nanoparticles (NP) by 1. identifying and quantifying their surface functional groups based on probe gas-particle titration; 2. studying the kinetics of dissolved oxygen consumption in the presence of suspended NP's and dithiothreitol (DTT). We show that these NP's can reversibly change their oxidation state between oxidized and reduced functional groups present on the NP surface. By comparing the amount of O2 consumed and the number of strongly reducing sites on the NP, its average turnover ranged from 35 to 600 depending on the type of NP. The observed quadratic rate law for O2 disappearance points to a Langmuir-Hinshelwood surface-based reaction mechanism possibly involving semiquinone radical. In the proposed model, the strongly reducing surface site is assumed to be a polycyclic aromatic hydroquinone whose oxidation to the corresponding conjugated quinone is rate-limiting in the catalytic chain reaction. The presence and strength of the reducing surface functional groups are important for explaining the catalytic activity of NP in the presence of oxygen and a reducing agent like DTT.