gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and Characterization of a Yeast Carbonyl Reductase for Synthesis of Optically Active (R)-Styrene Oxide Derivatives (2005)

Optically active styrene oxide derivatives are versatile chiral building blocks. Stereoselective reduction of phenacyl halide to chiral 2-halo-1-phenylethanol is the key reaction of the most economical synthetic route. Rhodotorula glutinis var. dairenensis IFO415 was discovered on screening as a potent microorganism reducing a phenacyl halide to the (R)-form of the corresponding alcohol. An NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase was purified to homogeneity through four steps from this strain. The relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 40,000 on gel filtration and 30,000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This enzyme reduced a broad range of carbonyl compounds in addition to phenacyl halides. Some properties of the enzyme and preparation of a chiral styrene oxide using the crude enzyme are reported herein.
Effect of ge-dosing profile of exponentially-doped base on the internal quantum efficiency of a SiGe solar cell (2012)

Quantum efficiency of a SiGe solar cell has been developed for box, triangular and trapezoidal dosing profiles of Ge in exponentially doped base. The doping dependency of carrier mobility and carrier lifetime, the band-gap narrowing effect due to heavy doping level and velocity saturation effects are considered to deduce the governing differential equation for this model. An elegant exponential approximation technique has been employed to simplify the complicated nature of variable coefficients of the working differential equation. The model results show that the increased Ge-content in the base results in significant improvement in the internal quantum efficiency.
Jet Fluctuations and Drop Velocity Jitter: Confirmation of a Causal Model (2012)

In continuous inkjet devices, an applied perturbation, such as acoustic vibration or thermal modulation, is used to drive the Rayleigh-Plateau instability to cause regular breakup of liquid microjets into droplets of controlled size. Background fluctuations and other processes contribute to subtle variations in droplet velocity within the droplet stream. These velocity variations&#x2014;droplet velocity jitter&#x2014;can be observed by stroboscopy or by laser detection. The fluctuations in droplet position or period are influenced by the details of the jet breakup process, and measurement of the droplet fluctuations as a function of distance along the droplet stream provide estimates of the fundamental noise on the jet.
Sub-Nyquist radar prototype: Hardware and algorithm (2014)

Traditional radar sensing typically employs matched filtering between the received signal and the shape of the transmitted pulse. Matched filtering (MF) is conventionally carried out digitally, after sampling the received analog signals. Here, principles from classic sampling theory are generally employed, requiring that the received signals be sampled at twice their baseband bandwidth. The resulting sampling rates necessary for correlation-based radar systems become quite high, as growing demands for target distinction capability and spatial resolution stretch the bandwidth of the transmitted pulse. The large amounts of sampled data also necessitate vast memory capacity. In addition, real-time data processing typically results in high power consumption. Recently, new approaches for radar sensing and estimation were introduced, based on the finite rate of innovation (FRI) and Xampling frameworks. Exploiting the parametric nature of radar signals, these techniques allow significant reduction in sampling rate, implying potential power savings, while maintaining the system's estimation capabilities at sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Here we present for the first time a design and implementation of an Xampling-based hardware prototype that allows sampling of radar signals at rates much lower than Nyquist. We demonstrate by real-time analog experiments that our system is able to maintain reasonable recovery capabilities, while sampling radar signals that require sampling at a rate of about 30 MHz at a total rate of 1 MHz.
<title>Dispersion of n<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> in solids</title> (1991)

We recently performed an extensive series of measurements of the bound electronic nonlinear refractive index n2 of a variety of solids at several wavelengths. We found that as the photon energy approached Eg (the band-gap energy) that n2 changed from positive to negative. This observed wavelength dispersion of n2 can be well explained for wavelengths well below the fundamental absorption edge using a Kramers-Kronig transformation on the two-photon absorption coefficient fi which we had previously studied. While this theory fit the data well for O. IEghW 8Eg (Eg iS the band-gap energy) there was a significant deviation toward larger negative values of n2 near the fundamental absorption edge. We speculated that the AC Stark effect could account for this deviation.
Editorial –In this Issue: Innate Immunity in Normal and Pathologic Circumstances (2014)

In this issue of the International Reviews of Immunology, we host several reviews dedicated to the innate immunity in normal and diseased states. Tan et al. discuss the molecular nature of the innate immune response as a consequence of co-engagement of distinct Toll-like receptors. Schwarz et al. present a regulatory loop leading to increased myelopoiesis through the engagement of CD137L by CD137+ T cells. Kolandaswamy et al. present transcriptomic evidence that distinguishes between two major subsets of monocytes. In a different review, Minasyan presents an interesting hypothesis that erythrocytes have a dominant role in clearing bacteria within the blood stream while leukocytes' role is mostly extra-vascular. Yan et al. discuss the pivotal role of the liver, its pre-existing and associated pathology, in sepsis. Zhang outlines the implications of declining neutrophils and impact to long-term management of HIV-associated disease. Finally, Lal et al. discuss the multiple roles of γδT cells in innate and adaptive immunity.
Effect of Supercritical CO2 Modified with Water Cosolvent on the Sterilization of Fungal Spore‐Contaminated Barley Seeds and the Germination of Barley Seeds (2013)

Abstract We have investigated the effects of supercritical carbon dioxide ( SC ‐ CO 2 ) modified with water as a cosolvent on the inactivation of P enicillium oxalicum spores inoculated on barley grains and also on the germination yield of the SC ‐ CO 2 ‐treated barley grains. After SC ‐ CO 2 treatment at different conditions of temperature, cosolvent (water) content and treatment times, the number of colony‐forming units ( cfu s) of fungal spores and the germination of SC ‐ CO 2 ‐treated barley grains were analyzed. Among the SC ‐ CO 2 treatment parameters, the cosolvent content was the most significant factor affecting the inactivation yields of P . oxalicum spores. When the pressure of SC ‐ CO 2 was fixed at 10 MPa , the optimal conditions obtained by ridge analysis of response surface methodology were cosolvent content of 231 μL , temperature of 44 C and treatment duration of 12 min, which resulted in a 6.8 log 10 reduction of cfu . However, the germination yield of barley grains decreased significantly by treating with SC ‐ CO 2 modified with water. For example, the addition of only 300 μL water in the SC ‐ CO 2 treatment reduced the germination yield from 65.4% to 1.4% at the same SC ‐ CO 2 treatment conditions (40 C , 10 MPa , and 20 min). Practical Applications This study demonstrated the lethal effect of modified supercritical carbon dioxide ( SC ‐ CO 2 ) against plant pathogenic fungal spores in barley grains. Water cosolvent showed significant synergism in inactivating fungal spores with SC ‐ CO 2 . Treatment using SC ‐ CO 2 modified with water cosolvent could be applied in the sterilization step for preservation of barley grains as an alternate for chemical or thermal processes.
An allelic association study of two polymorphic markers in close proximity to a balanced translocation t(1 (1997)

We report a case control association study using polymorphic markers D1S1621 and D11S931 in unrelated individuals with schizophrenia, unipolar depression and a matched control group. The two polymorphic markers were identified during the positional cloning of the translocation breakpoint t(1:11)(q43:q14.3) that cosegregates with schizophrenia and affective disorders. These markers provided an opportunity to investigate linkage disequilibrium with a postulated schizophrenia susceptibility gene close to the translocation breakpoint in random populations of schizophrenia and unipolar depression individuals compared with a normal control population. No significant differences between allele frequencies for either of the markers in the affected populations were observed in comparison with the control group, which provides evidence against a nearby gene of major effect in the populations studied.
Modeling and analysis of wireless resonant magnetic microactuators (2010)

We present a dynamic model of the wireless resonant magnetic microactuator (WRMMA), which is a key component of the MagMite family of microrobots. We analyze the interbody force and integrate the nonsmooth and nonlinear equations of motion using a time-stepping integration scheme. We investigate the influence of system parameters, such as friction, the frequency of the applied force, the magnitude of the applied field, the effect of a clamping force, and the effect on velocity when phase shifting the clamping signal with respect to the magnetic signal. Our results are qualitatively consistent with experimental observations, and explain several nonintuitive phenomena. We show that the robots are highly sensitive to the phase of the clamping force, that the velocity can switch directions with changing frequency, and that both erratic and controlled motion occur under specific conditions.
Photodetectors: High-Responsivity Graphene/InAs Nanowire Heterojunction Near-Infrared Photodetectors with Distinct Photocurrent On/Off Ratios (Small 8/2015) (2015)

On page 936, W. Hu, L. Liao, and co-workers develop a new type of graphene/InAs nanowire (NW) vertically stacked heterojunction infrared photodetector. This device exhibits a high photoresponsivity and a high photocurrent on/off ratio. The Fermi level of graphene can be widely tuned by the gate voltage due to its 2D nature. As a result, the back-gated bias can modulate the Schottky barrier at the interface between the graphene and InAs NWs, thus further controlling photocarrier transport across the vertically stacked heterostructures.
Reversible high-output cardiac failure, an unusual marker of disease status in multiple myeloma (2008)

We report here a case of a 57-year-old man with multiple myeloma and high-output cardiac failure (HOCF), which completely resolved upon treatment of his myeloma. Recurrence of high-output cardiac f...
Molecular Dynamics and Force Field Based Methods for Studying Quadruplex Nucleic Acids (2012)

This chapter firstly introduces the concept of quadruplex nucleic acids, summarizing their major features. Molecular dynamics simulations on these systems are described, outlining the force-fields that have been used and the particular challenges posed by quadruplexes. The treatment of quadruplex electrostatics is uniquely complicated by the presence of an ion channel in these structures. The simulations and theoretical studies of quadruplex folding/unfolding that have been reported in the literature are critically summarized, as are various approaches to studying the energetics of quadruplex ligand complexes.
Development of numerical tools for the multiscale modelling of recrystallization in metals, based on a digital material framework (2007)

International audience
The Influence of Water-Base Mud Properties and Petrophysical Parameters on Mudcake Growth, Filtrate Invasion, and Formation Pressure (2005)

The work described in this paper models the complete invasion process quantitatively with a finite-difference invasion simulator that includes the dynamically coupled effects of mudcake growth and multiphase, immiscible filtrate invasion. A fully coupled mudcake growth model is assumed and the flow rate of filtrate invasion is determined from both mud parameters and rock formation properties. Specific parametric representations of the assumed invasion model are based on previously published laboratory experiments on mudcake buildup. As part of the numerical validation of the simulator, we reproduced available experimental data and obtained very good agreements. The influence of several mud and petrophysical parameters on both mudcake growth and filtrate invasion is quantified with a sensitivity analysis. These parameters include mudcake permeability, mudcake porosity, mud solid content, relative permeability, capillary pressure, formation permeability, cross flow between adjacent layers, and gravity segregation. Our simulations reveal the physical character of invasion profiles taking place under realistic petrophysical conditions. Results also characterize formation pressure changes and pressure supercharging observed during wireline formation testing.
Sliding Adjustment for 3D Video Representation (2002)

This paper deals with video coding of static scenes viewed by a moving camera. We propose an automatic way to encode such video sequences using several 3D models. Contrary to prior art in model-based coding where 3D models have to be known, the 3D models are automatically computed from the original video sequence. We show that several independent 3D models provide the same functionalities as one single 3D model, and avoid some drawbacks of the previous approaches. To achieve this goal we propose a novel algorithm of sliding adjustment, which ensures consistency of successive 3D models. The paper presents a method to automatically extract the set of 3D models and associate camera positions. The obtained representation can be used for reconstructing the original sequence, or virtual ones. It also enables 3D functionalities such as synthetic object insertion, lightning modification, or stereoscopic visualization. Results on real video sequences are presented.
Improved Efficiency of 255–280 nm AlGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes (2010)

We report on the fabrication and characterization of AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with the emission wavelength ranging from 255 to 280 nm depending on the Al composition of the active region. The LEDs were flip-chip bonded and achieved external quantum efficiencies of over 3% for all investigated wavelengths. Under cw operation, an output power of more than 1 mW at 10 mA was demonstrated. A moth-eye structure was fabricated on the back side of the sapphire substrate, and on-wafer output power measurement indicated a 1.5-fold improvement of light extraction.
Arterial Blood Pressure Immediately After Thermal Injury: The Role of Anesthesia (1994)

Mean arterial blood pressure was measured in anesthetized rats. The duration that the rats were under anesthesia with ether or methohexital was brief, and the animals were allowed to awaken early after injury. Three hemodynamic measurements were compared: (1) lowest mean arterial blood pressure, (2) duration at lowest mean arterial blood pressure, and (3) time to recover initial mean arterial blood pressure. In these studies the anesthetic agents reduced mean arterial blood pressure by 36%, recovering to normal pressures within 24 to 39 minutes. During the hemodynamic observation period, no significant additional hemodynamic effects as a result of the thermal injury were seen. Administration of resuscitation fluid did not significantly affect hemodynamics during the observation period in this study. These studies demonstrate that anesthesia dominates the short-term cardiovascular effects of thermal injury, and therefore caution is required in the interpretation of acute cardiovascular effects immediately after thermal injuries with patients under general anesthesia.
Subjective and Audiologic Results of Bone Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHA) (2013)

Jihye Rhee, Juyong Chung, Shin Hye Kim, Myung-Whan Seo, Ja-Won Koo, Jun Ho Lee, Seung Ha Oh and Sun O Chang Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; and Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Dual-mode controller for MPPT in single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic inverters (2013)

This paper presents a dual-mode controller to improve the performance of maximum power point tracking in grid-connected photovoltaic inverters. Most of grid-connected PV applications require a controllable active/reactive power generation. The proposed method employs both of the load angle and the inverter modulation index into two control modes: Active power mode, and reactive power mode. Such technique enables an efficient and flexible active/reactive power control beside MPPT function using a single-stage VSI. A simulation model is developed for the overall system to investigate the performance of the proposed dual-mode controller. Furthermore, the controller is designed and implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP). Algorithms are configured on a fixed point DSP TMS320F2812. Moreover, the controller is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment and is experimentally investigated using a breadboard built especially for the case study. The results show good dynamic and steady-state performances.
A phase 2 study of imatinib in patients with relapsed or refractory Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoid leukemias (2002)

The translocation (9;22) gives rise to the p190(Bcr-Abl) and p210(Bcr-Abl) tyrosine kinase proteins, considered sufficient for leukemic transformation. Philadelphia-positive (Ph(+)) acute leukemia patients failing to respond to initial induction therapy have a poor prognosis with few effective treatment options. Imatinib is an orally administered, potent inhibitor of the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. We conducted a clinical trial in 56 patients with relapsed or refractory Ph(+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 48 patients) or chronic myelogenous leukemia in lymphoid blast crisis (LyBC; 8 patients). Imatinib was given once daily at 400 mg or 600 mg. Imatinib induced complete hematologic responses (CHRs) and complete marrow responses (marrow-CRs) in 29% of ALL patients (CHR, 19%; marrow-CR, 10%), which were sustained for at least 4 weeks in 6% of patients. Median estimated time to progression and overall survival for ALL patients were 2.2 and 4.9 months, respectively. CHRs were reported for 3 (38%) of the patients with LyBC (one sustained CHR). Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related nonhematologic toxicity was reported for 9% of patients; none of the patients discontinued therapy because of nonhematologic adverse reactions. Grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 54% and 27% of patients, respectively. Imatinib therapy resulted in a clinically relevant hematologic response rate in relapsed or refractory Ph(+) acute lymphoid leukemia patients, but development of resistance and subsequent disease progression were rapid. Further studies are warranted to test the effects of imatinib in combination with other agents and to define the mechanisms of resistance to imatinib.
482 Parental Satisfaction with Soft Casting Technique in Management of Pediatric Extremity Burns (2018)

Soft casting is an effective method for managing upper and lower extremity burns in the pediatric population. Soft casting involves placing a dressing over the burn wound(s), wrapping the extremity using rolled gauze, applying soft cast pad, plaster, soft cast tape and an elastic bandage. Unlike traditional dressing methods, this technique allows for weekly dressing changes while keeping the affected extremity in an optimal position. However, parental perception of burn dressing using the soft casting technique has never been assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate parental satisfaction in burn injured children undergoing soft casting to manage their burn wounds. This study was part of an IRB approved, randomized controlled trial of two different burn dressings at our institution. Parents of children who underwent soft casting for upper or lower extremity burns in the outpatient setting were approached during follow up visits between September 2016 and September 2017. The parents were asked if they were satisfied and to describe their opinion of the soft casting technique. Data collection was carried out by one designated researcher. Out of the of 89 subjects (median age 19 months, IQR 14–60) approached during the study period, parents of 84 subjects (94%) said they were satisfied with the soft casting technique. Of the 26 subjects who described their opinion of the soft cast, the most commonly stated reason for satisfaction was the ability of the soft cast to protect the wound (65%). Other comments included its durability (38%), the ability to perform normal activities such as crawling and playing (31%), reduction in pain (27%) and lack of need for dressing changes by the parents (19%). Parents who were not satisfied with the soft cast (6%) mentioned the inability to shower and concern with rubbing of the proximal aspect of the soft cast on the skin. Parental satisfaction is important for adherence with their child’s plan of care. This study confirmed that most parents were satisfied with the soft casting technique for the management of their child’s upper or lower extremity burn injury. Soft casting technique is optimal for managing upper and lower extremity burn injuries in children and has high parental satisfaction.
Following the Kondo temperature of a tunable single-molecule junction continuously from the Kondo singlet to the free spin 1/2 ground state (2018)

We monitor the conductance evolution by varying the coupling between an organic molecule and the Ag(111) surface by lifting the molecule from the surface with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. Numerical renormalization group theory analysis of the junction conductance reveals that the system is tuned from the strongly coupled Kondo singlet to the free spin 1/2 ground state. In the crossover between the strong and weak coupling regimes, where the Kondo temperature $T_K$ is similar to the experimental $T_{\rm exp}$, fitting procedures generically provide ambiguous estimates of $T_{\rm K}$ that tend to vary by an order of magnitude. Measuring the dependence of the junction conductance in external magnetic fields resolves this ambiguity if the Zeeman splitting due to the imposed magnetic field overcomes the thermal energy $k_BT_{\rm exp}$. We demonstrate that Frota analysis overestimates $T_{\rm K}$ by several orders of magnitude in the transient and weak coupling regimes. The numerical analysis also allows us to determine molecular coupling to surface and tip and their evolution during the lifting process.