gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Etching of porous SiOCH materials in fluoro-carbon based plasmas (2004)

International audience
Go with the flow: Optical flow-based transport operators for image manifolds (2011)

Image articulation manifolds (IAMs) play a central conceptual role in a host of computer vision and image understanding problems. The core premise is that we can view a collection of images, each of which is indexed by a small number of degrees of freedom (3D camera pose, motion/deformation, etc.), as a low-dimensional nonlinear manifold. In order to perform parameter estimation and navigation on an IAM, we require a transport operator that traverses the manifold from image to image. The two current approaches to manifold transport suffer from major shortcomings that have limited the practical impact of manifold methods. First, algebraic methods require that the IAM possess an unrealistic algebraic structure. Second, locally linear methods based on a tangent plane approximation cannot cope with the non-differentiability of IAMs containing images with sharp edges. In this paper, we demonstrate that the optical flow between pairs of images on an IAM is a valid transport operator with a number of attractive properties. In particular, we establish that the optical flow forms a low-dimensional smooth manifold. Several experiments involving novel-view synthesis, geometric clustering, and manifold charting validate that the optical flow manifold approach both offers performance significantly superior to current approaches and is practical for real-world applications.
Les substituts osseux en hydroxyapatite : Nouveau procédé de fabrication de pièces macroporeuses à gradient de porosité (1998)

Un nouveau procede de fabrication de bioceramiques en hydroxyapatite macroporeuse est presente. L’originalite du concept propose est d'assurer la maitrise de deux parametres primordiaux pour le comportement biologique et la configuration poreuse, a savoir : - le diametre de macropores, - le diametre d'interconnexion entre macropores. La technique developpee et brevetee, est basee sur l'impregnation d'une structure polymerique totalement maitrisee par une suspension aqueuse de ceramique. La structure polymerique est generatrice de porosite grâce a son elimination thermique. Cette structure est controlee au niveau du dimensionnel et de la morphologie de ces elements de base (billes) mais egalement au niveau de ses contacts entre particules. Un mecanisme de densification par fluage visqueux de l'edifice ainsi elabore assure la reproductibilite et la prevision de la configuration des substituts osseux produits. Des proprietes mecaniques importantes sont mises en evidence. Le procede d'elaboration est approfondi afin d'accroitre le comportement mecanique notamment en compression de ces bioceramiques. Des pieces a gradient de porosite sont elaborees et quelques applications detaillees.
An algorithm for identifying the abstract syntax of graph-based diagrams (2009)

Diagrams play a key role in the information systems domain. However to be meaningful, the diagrams are understood by interpreting visual cues in specific, conventionalized ways, termed conceptual models. One of the major pain points of conceptual models, specified as visual languages, is the inability to capture these visual languages effectively in conventional modeling tools. Instead, conceptual models are drawn using drawing tools and sometimes even by hand. We propose an automatic procedure to derive the syntactic building blocks of graph-based conceptual models. This high-level specification of the visual language can then serve as input for the automatic construction of syntax-aware diagram editors. Our aim is to achieve minimum effort on the part of the users when they eventually work with the graphical editor to produce a new diagram using the proposed syntax.
The effect of nanocrystal surface structure on the luminescence properties: Photoemission study of HF-etched InP nanocrystals (2005)

InP nanocrystals with narrow size distribution and mean particle diameter tunable from approximately 2 up to approximately 7 nm were synthesized via the dehalosilylation reaction between InCl3 and tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine. Specific capping of the nanocrystal surface with a shell of organic ligands protects the nanocrystals from oxidation and provides solubility of the particles in various organic solvents. InP nanocrystals with enhanced photoluminescence (PL) efficiency were obtained from the initial nanocrystals by photoassisted etching of the nanocrystal surface with HF. The resulting PL quantum efficiency of InP nanocrystals dispersed in n-butanol is about three orders of magnitude higher when compared to the nonetched InP samples and approaches approximately 40% at room temperature. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy with the use of synchrotron radiation was applied to reveal the changes of the nanocrystal surface responsible for the dramatic improvement of the PL efficiency. The analysis of high-resolution P 2p core-level spectra confirmed significant changes of the nanocrystal surface structure induced by the postpreparative treatments and allowed us to propose the description of the etching mechanism. In the nonetched InP nanocrystals, some surface P atoms generate energy states located inside the band gap which provide nonradiative recombination pathways. Photoassisted treatment of InP nanocrystals with HF results in selective removal of these phosphorous atoms from the nanocrystal surface. The reconstructed surface of the etched InP nanocrystals is terminated mainly with In atoms and is efficiently passivated with tri-n-octylphosphine oxide ligands.
Kubelka-Munk Model for Imperfectly Diffuse Light Distribution in Paper (2008)

Perfectly diffuse light is a fundamental assumption in the Kubelka-Munk (KM) model. This assumption is, however, seldom fulfilled by real media. In this work, we build a bridge between a weakly absorbing medium with an imperfectly diffuse light distribution and the corresponding KM model relying on a perfectly diffuse light distribution. We multiply the apparent K and S phenomenal coefficients deduced from a learning set medium by a scaling factor expressing the ratio of light diffuseness between the target medium and the learning set medium. For the target medium, thanks to this diffuseness scaling factor, theoretically predicted reflection and transmission spectra agree with the corresponding measured spectra. The illumination geometry, the optical properties and the thickness of the medium have an impact on the light diffuseness and therefore on the proposed diffuseness scaling factor.
SDN-Based UPF for Mobile Backhaul Network Slicing (2018)

A major challenge in future mobile networks is how to fulfil the requirements set for 5G networks in terms of latency and throughput. 3GPP has defined a new architecture based on virtualization and Software Defined Networks (SDN) supporting network slices that can fulfil those requirements. In this paper, we present the first realization of the new 5G user plane function (UPF) component that supports SDN and provides optimized transport for reducing latency as required in 5G networks. The proposed UPF is the cornerstone for using different data transport strategies adapted to the needs of different verticals, such as Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC) services that require a separate network slice providing an optimized transport for URLLC applications. The paper also discusses how to best migrate from legacy 4G user plane to 5G UPF, so as to ensure a reasonable transition to 5G. In doing so, the objective is not to meet short-term needs but to fulfill the future latency and throughput requirements of emerging applications, and also to provide first performance results of UPF in a realistic testbed environment. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
Safety and Functional Integrity of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors When Used During Radiologic Procedures Under High Exposure Conditions (2022)

The sensors maintained functionality following a series of high exposure conditions in both X-ray and CT scanning systems, and the sensors were easily visible and identifiable when scanned using clinically relevant scanning parameters. Therefore, patients can continue to wear and use their sensors during and after imaging. The nonclinical MRI testing demonstrated that the sensors can be worn under the specified MRI conditions.
Electron powder diffraction (2007)

Electron powder diffraction patterns can be recorded from small volumes of nanoparticles or localized areas of nanocrystalline thin films, which makes electron diffraction a complementary technique to X-ray and neutron powder diffraction for challenging samples. This chapter covers electron diffraction techniques for powder diffraction data collection and analysis, including electron-probe formation, background treatment and reduction of diffraction data to pair distribution functions.
<title>Preisach modeling of piezoceramic and shape memory alloy hysteresis</title> (1996)

Smart materials such as piezoceramics, magnetostrictive materials, and shape memory alloys exhibit significant hysteresis, especially when driven with large input signals. Hysteresis can lead to unwanted harmonics, inaccuracy in open loop control, and instability in closed loop control. The Preisach independent domain hysteresis model has been shown to capture the major features of hysteresis arising in ferromagnetic materials. Noting the similarity between the microscopic domain kinematics that generate static hysteresis effects in ferromagnetics, piezoceramics, and shape memory alloys, we apply the Preisach model for the hysteresis in piezoceramic and shape memory alloy materials. This paper reviews the basic properties of the Preisach model, discusses control-theoretic issues such as identification, simulation, and inversion, and presents experimental results for piezoceramic sheet actuators bonded to a flexible aluminum beam, and a Nitinol SMA wire muscle that applies a bending force to the end of a beam.
Growth Hormone Upregulates Melanocyte-Inducing Transcription Factor Expression and Activity via JAK2-STAT5 and SRC Signaling in GH Receptor-Positive Human Melanoma (2019)

Growth hormone (GH) facilitates therapy resistance in the cancers of breast, colon, endometrium, and melanoma. The GH-stimulated pathways responsible for this resistance were identified as suppression of apoptosis, induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and upregulated drug efflux by increased expression of ATP-binding cassette containing multidrug efflux pumps (ABC-transporters). In extremely drug-resistant melanoma, ABC-transporters have also been reported to mediate drug sequestration in intracellular melanosomes, thereby reducing drug efficacy. Melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (MITF) is the master regulator of melanocyte and melanoma cell fate as well as the melanosomal machinery. MITF targets such as the oncogene MET, as well as MITF-mediated processes such as resistance to radiation therapy, are both known to be upregulated by GH. Therefore, we chose to query the direct effects of GH on MITF expression and activity towards conferring chemoresistance in melanoma. Here, we demonstrate that GH significantly upregulates MITF as well as the MITF target genes following treatment with multiple anticancer drug treatments such as chemotherapy, BRAF-inhibitors, as well as tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. GH action also upregulated MITF-regulated processes such as melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity. Significant elevation in MITF and MITF target gene expression was also observed in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells and xenografts in bovine GH transgenic (bGH) mice compared to wild-type littermates. Through pathway inhibitor analysis we identified that both the JAK2-STAT5 and SRC activities were critical for the observed effects. Additionally, a retrospective analysis of gene expression data from GTEx, NCI60, CCLE, and TCGA databases corroborated our observed correlation of MITF function and GH action. Therefore, we present in vitro, in vivo, and in silico evidence which strongly implicates the GH-GHR axis in inducing chemoresistance in human melanoma by driving MITF-regulated and ABC-transporter-mediated drug clearance pathways.
Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of α-Mangostin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticle Gel for Topical Therapy in Skin Cancer (2021)

The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate α-mangostin-loaded polymeric nanoparticle gel (α-MNG-PLGA) formulation to enhance α-mangostin delivery in an epidermal carcinoma. The poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were developed using the emulsion–diffusion–evaporation technique with a 3-level 3-factor Box–Behnken design. The NPs were characterized and evaluated for particle size distribution, zeta potential (mV), drug release, and skin permeation. The formulated PLGA NPs were converted into a preformed carbopol gel base and were further evaluated for texture analysis, the cytotoxic effect of PLGA NPs against B16-F10 melanoma cells, and in vitro radical scavenging activity. The nanoscale particles were spherical, consistent, and average in size (168.06 ± 17.02 nm), with an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 84.26 ± 8.23% and a zeta potential of −25.3 ± 7.1 mV. Their drug release percentages in phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 and pH 6.5 were 87.07 ± 6.95% and 89.50 ± 9.50%, respectively. The release of α-MNG from NPs in vitro demonstrated that the biphasic release system, namely, immediate release in the initial phase, was accompanied by sustained drug release. The texture study of the developed α-MNG-PLGA NPs gel revealed its characteristics, including viscosity, hardness, consistency, and cohesiveness. The drug flux from α-MNG-PLGA NPs gel and α-MNG gel was 79.32 ± 7.91 and 16.88 ± 7.18 µg/cm2/h in 24 h, respectively. The confocal study showed that α-MNG-PLGA NPs penetrated up to 230.02 µm deep into the skin layer compared to 15.21 µm by dye solution. MTT assay and radical scavenging potential indicated that α-MNG-PLGA NPs gel had a significant cytotoxic effect and antioxidant effect compared to α-MNG gel (p &lt; 0.05). Thus, using the developed α-MNG-PLGA in treating skin cancer could be a promising approach.
A general framework for scintillation in nanophotonics (2021)

Bombardment of materials by high-energy particles (e.g., electrons, nuclei, X- and $γ$-ray photons) often leads to light emission, known generally as scintillation. Scintillation is ubiquitous and enjoys widespread applications in many areas such as medical imaging, X-ray non-destructive inspection, night vision, electron microscopy, and high-energy particle detectors. A large body of research focuses on finding new materials optimized for brighter, faster, and more controlled scintillation. Here, we develop a fundamentally different approach based on integrating nanophotonic structures into scintillators to enhance their emission. To start, we develop a unified and ab initio theory of nanophotonic scintillators that accounts for the key aspects of scintillation: the energy loss by high-energy particles, as well as the light emission by non-equilibrium electrons in arbitrary nanostructured optical systems. This theoretical framework allows us, for the first time, to experimentally demonstrate nearly an order-of-magnitude enhancement of scintillation, in both electron-induced, and X-ray-induced scintillation. Our theory also allows the discovery of structures that could eventually achieve several orders-of-magnitude scintillation enhancement. The framework and results shown here should enable the development of a new class of brighter, faster, and higher-resolution scintillators with tailored and optimized performances - with many potential applications where scintillators are used.
<title>PM noise measurements of an actively modelocked external-cavity semiconductor ring laser at 10 GHz</title> (2001)

A novel approach to residual jitter measurement examines the intensity cross correlation generated by two optical pulses with various relative delays. A relative delay of 25 pulses produces a residual jitter value of 26 fsec RMS for a 10 GHZ actively mode-locked ring laser. The phase noise measurement carried out to the Nyquist frequency offset gives 47 fsec RMS pulse-to-pulse timing jitter. The field correlation measurement obtains a 10 asec RMS pulse-to-pulse optical carrier jitter.
Secure Resilient Edge Cloud Designed Network (2019)

Systems for Internet of Things (IoT) have generated new requirements in all aspects of their development and deployment, including expanded Quality of Service (QoS) needs, enhanced resiliency of computing and connectivity, and the scalability to support massive numbers of end devices in a variety of applications. The research reported here concerns the development of a reliable and secure IoT/cyber physical system (CPS), providing network support for smart and connected communities, to be realized by means of distributed, secure, resilient Edge Cloud (EC) computing. This distributed EC system will be a network of geographically distributed EC nodes, brokering between end-devices and Backend Cloud (BC) servers. This paper focuses on three main aspects of the CPS: a) resource management in mobile cloud computing; b) information management in dynamic distributed databases; and c) biological-inspired intrusion detection system.
Sol−Gel Encapsulated Anti-Trinitrotoluene Antibodies in Immunoassays for TNT (2000)

Antibodies to trinitrotoluene (TNT) were encapsulated in optically transparent sol−gel derived silica glasses and retained their ability to bind TNT. Both competitive and displacement immunoassays were successfully performed using sol−gel immobilized antibodies. TNT concentrations on the order of ppm were detected. In competitive immunoassays using the sol−gel immobilized antibodies, a logarithmic decrease in fluorescence signal as a function of TNT concentration was observed, similar to competitive immunoassays performed in solution. When encapsulated in the sol−gel silica matrix, the antibodies retained their ability to differentiate between TNT and trinitrobenzene (TNB), an analogue. In displacement immunoassays, the rate of displacement was dependent upon pore morphology, with aged gels exhibiting faster rates than that of xerogels. The relative stability of antibodies was better for sol−gel encapsulated antibodies than for antibodies immobilized using surface attachment. After exposure to HCl, methanol, or 60 °C, the sol−gel immobilized antibodies experienced essentially no loss in ability to bind TNT whereas the surface immobilized antibodies showed as much as 30% loss in ability to bind TNT.
Measurement Science: 1. Introduction to measurement and measurement systems (2013)

EE1320. Introduction to measurement technology and measurement systems. A general overview of concepts in the course is given. And important aspects such as calibration and measurement uncertainty are explained. The anatomy of the measurement system is also discussed, introducing the conversion of data acquisition to a usable output signal, and deviations which can occur in this transfer.
Concordance between blood- and tumor-based detection of RAS mutations to guide therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. (2020)

217 Background: The study of RAS using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provides a good alternative for the detection and monitoring of RAS mutations during therapy course. Liquid biopsy has the advantage of being less invasive than conventional tissue biopsy. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the degree of concordance of RAS status between plasma and tissue samples from mCRC patients. Methods: We conducted a study to evaluate RAS concordance in several hospitals in Galicia, Northwest of Spain. We analyzed samples from 380 patients with mCRC in Galicia. RAS genotyping in plasma was performed using OncoBEAM RAS CRC kit, Sysmex and compared with the PyroMark Q24 System, Qiagen for FFPE-tissue analysis. Clinical data were collected from electronical reports from each patient. We analyzed the clinical features that can be related with discordant cases. Results: The overall percent of agreement was 83%, with a positive concordance of 79% (143/180 patients) and a negative concordance of 87% (116/132 patients). Taking into account the clinical features of the patients, those with only liver metastasis showed a higher level of concordance (88,8%) and the highest level was in the group of patients that presented liver metastasis and another location (91,3%). On the other hand, patients with only peritoneal disease showed the lowest level of agreement (68,2%), and the absence of liver metastasis was a significant factor of discordance of RAS (71% vs 28%, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: The high overall concordance between plasma and tissue RAS mutation support the liquid biopsy technology as an alternative to tissue testing for RAS characterization in mCRC patients, especially in patients with liver metastasis and less in those with peritoneal disease. These results reinforce the use of liquid biopsy as a non-invasive tool for guiding targeted therapy in our patients. [Table: see text]
Vertically integrated double-layer on-chip silicon membranes for 1-to-12 waveguide fanouts (2012)

We present an on-chip vertically integrated three-dimensional photonic integrated circuit. Double-layer 1 × 12 multimode interference (MMI) couplers are fabricated on silicon membranes using double-bonded silicon-on-insulator wafers. The input light is transverse electric polarized, operating at 1550 nm. The top layer MMI coupler has an excess loss of 0.48 dB and an uniformity within 1.1 dB. The bottom layer MMI coupler has an excess loss of 2.9 dB and an uniformity within 1.7 dB.
Prevalence of Postoperative Pain in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and the Association With Preoperative Pain (2013)

3.
Soluble VEGF receptor Flt1: the elusive preeclampsia factor discovered? (2003)

Notwithstanding these important unresolved questions, the Zhu et al. ( If future studies support the proposal by Zhu et al., that one of the consequences of prolonged 1 -adrenergic receptor stimulation is cardiomyocyte cell death via a CaMKII-mediated pathway, it will indeed be an important contribution to our understanding of the pathogenesis of heart failure that will suggest novel therapeutic targets.
Gelation of silicone fluids using 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (1995)

A variety of silicone fluids have been found to gel using low concentrations (typically < 4 wt.%) of 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS). DBS is known to be a chiral gelator for many organic solvents. Gels were formed when small amounts of DBS were introduced into the silicone fluids either by heating to high temperatures or at ambient temperatures with the use of a co-solvent. Optical and electron microscopy of neat silicon–DBS gels (concentration as low as 0.005 wt.%), revealed the formation of two types of fibrous network. One consisted of ribbon-like macrofibres (average width, ca. 2–3 µm) present in the opaque region of the gels and the other consisted of dense intertwined microfibres (average width, ca. 100 nm) present in the clear portion of the gels. The gels prepared in the presence of a co-solvent consisted only of the microfibrous network. N-Methylpyrrolidone was found to be a very effective co-solvent for the phenyl-containing siloxanes producing firm clear gels. Dynamic mechanical measurements indicated that the storage modulus (G′) of these gels increased with increasing DBS content over the range 1–6 wt.% DBS. Comparison with propylene glycol–DBS gels showed the silicone gels to differ in that they comprised mostly an isotropic phase with no detectable crystalline phase present.