gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perfluorochemical elimination from the lungs: Effect of initial dose (2000)

Liquid-assisted ventilation with perfluorochemical (PFC) has been beneficial in a variety of respiratory diseases in animals and humans. Although PFC evaporation from the lungs is in part dependent on ventilation strategy and positioning, guidelines for initial and replacement dosing are unclear. We hypothesized that PFC evaporative loss over time is dependent on the size of the initial dose. Juvenile rabbits (n = 18) were ventilated using constant animal position and ventilator strategy. PFC (perflubron: LiquiVent ) was instilled endotracheally, using four groups with initial doses of 2, 6, 12, and 17 mL/kg. A previously described thermal detector that measures PFC in expired gas was used to calculate loss rate, residual perflubron in the lung, and volume loss as a % of initial fill volume. There was a significant dose, time, and dose-time interaction such that evaporative loss was dependent on initial PFC volume and time after fill (P < 0.05). Evaporative loss rate decreased earlier at lower doses. The percentage of initial volume lost to evaporation over time was inversely related to dose and could not be predicted by decreasing % PFC saturations, independent of dose. Evaporative loss should be considered to optimize both the application of PFC to the lung and replacement dosing during partial liquid ventilation.
Routing-oriented update schEme (ROSE) for link state updating (2008)

Few works have been reported to address the issue of updating link state information in order to effectively facilitate quality-of-service (QoS) routing. The idea of modeling the QoS link state information as random variables has been reported, but none of the existing works have provided a comprehensive probabilistic approach to link state update that takes the probability density functions of both the user's QoS requirements and the network's QoS measurements into account. We propose the routing-oriented update scheme (ROSE) that utilizes the knowledge of the history of network operations and user's QoS requirements to improve the efficiency of link state update without increasing the network overhead. ROSE is a new class-based link state update scheme which intelligently determines class sizes to minimize the impact of inaccurate link state information. Through theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, we demonstrate that ROSE outperforms other class- based link state update policies.
Synthetic DNA Vaccines Adjuvanted with pIL-33 Drive Liver-Localized T Cells and Provide Protection from Plasmodium Challenge in a Mouse Model (2020)

The need for a malaria vaccine is indisputable. A single vaccine for <i>Plasmodium</i> pre-erythrocytic stages targeting the major sporozoite antigen circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has had partial success. Additionally, CD8+ T cells targeting liver-stage (LS) antigens induced by live attenuated sporozoite vaccines were associated with protection in human challenge experiments. To further evaluate protection mediated by LS antigens, we focused on exported pre-erythrocytic proteins (exported protein 1 (EXP1), profilin (PFN), exported protein 2 (EXP2), inhibitor of cysteine proteases (ICP), transmembrane protein 21 (TMP21), and upregulated in infective sporozoites-3 (UIS3)) expressed in all <i>Plasmodium</i> species and designed optimized, synthetic DNA (synDNA) immunogens. SynDNA antigen cocktails were tested with and without the molecular adjuvant plasmid IL-33. Immunized animals developed robust T cell responses including induction of antigen-specific liver-localized CD8+ T cells, which were enhanced by the co-delivery of plasmid IL-33. In total, 100% of mice in adjuvanted groups and 71%-88% in non-adjuvanted groups were protected from blood-stage disease following <i>Plasmodium yoelii</i> sporozoite challenge. This study supports the potential of synDNA LS antigens as vaccine components for malaria parasite infection.
Liquid Chromatographic Measurement of Solute Solvent/Solvent Partition Coefficients: Application to Solute/Container Interactions (1990)

Octanol—water partition coefficients (Po-w) for model compounds used to study solute—polymer interactions are determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Marker compounds of known Po-w are separated using a C8 stationary phase and mobile phases containing varying amounts of methanol, and the capacity factor vs. that methanol content data is used to obtain a capacity factor at 100% water content (log kw). Regression of log kw vs. log Po-w for the markers produces a relationship with an excellent linear correlation (r2 = 0.994). The same procedure is used to obtain log kw (and thus log Po-w) for the polymer—solute interaction model compounds. Hexane-water partition coefficients (Ph-w) for the model compounds are determined by the shake flask method. Polymer—solute interaction constants (Eb) are determined for the interaction between the model solutes and a diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymer used as a parenteral product container. An interaction model was generated relating the interaction constant to the linear combination of Po-w and Ph-w. For the polymer studied the model takes the form: log Eb = 0.34 log Po-w + 0.29 log Ph-w - 2.39 (r2 = 0.934). The model is used to predict the fractional binding of several common drugs by the container material. The predicted behavior compares favorably with binding data reported in the literature.
Achieving optimum performance with UV curable solder masks (1978)

The development of UV curing technology has introduced new solder masks which will replace the thermally‐cured masks of the past. In doing so, processing efficiency will be increased in terms of time, energy and space saving. In considering the effective use of the new technology, thought must be given to many factors which influence the optimum performance of UV cured solder masks. The thickness of deposit will most certainly be greatly influenced by the choice of screen fabric, mesh size and squeegee which will subsequently impact upon the rate and extent of cure. One must also prepare the substrate surface adequately to compensate for the minimal wet adhesion and dwell time of a solventless ink prior to cure. Other factors such as flux chemistry, solder temperature, and soldering conditions play an important part in the performance of a solder mask and are discussed in detail. This paper was originally presented at the First Printed Circuit World Convention held at the Cafe Royal, London, in June, 1978.
Abstract 1537: 3p13-14 FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion spanning multiple potential tumor suppressor genes cooperates with PTEN loss in cancer (2017)

Abstract The recurrent 3p13-14 deletion spanning from FOXP1 to SHQ1 occurs frequently in prostate cancer and is broadly lost in a range of cancer types, but this deletion has unknown tumor suppressive potential. FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion significantly co-occurs with PTEN loss in prostate cancer and other cancers. We find that FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion cooperates with PTEN loss to accelerate prostate cancer development in mice, resulting in tumors with increased proliferation and highly anaplastic dedifferentiation. FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion in these PTEN null tumors results in selective mTORC1 pathway hyperactivation beyond that mediated by PTEN loss alone. FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion also partially rescues AR target gene inhibition caused by PTEN loss, circumventing the repression of the androgen axis seen upon PI3K pathway activation. Clinically, combined FOXP1 and PTEN loss is associated with increased prostate cancer recurrence, and this finding extends to other cancer types, most notably breast cancer. Citation Format: Haley Hieronymus, Philip J. Iaquinta, John Wongvipat, Anuradha Gopalan, Rajmohan Murali, Ninghui Mao, Brett S. Carver, Charles L. Sawyers. 3p13-14 FOXP1-SHQ1 deletion spanning multiple potential tumor suppressor genes cooperates with PTEN loss in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1537. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1537
Quality indicators of oropharyngeal cancer care in the elderly (2017)

2c. Laryngoscope, 128:2312-2319, 2018.
Characterization of the G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase GRK4 (1996)

A novel human G protein-coupled receptor kinase was recently identified by positional cloning in the search for the Huntington's disease locus (Ambrose, C., James, M., Barnes, G., Lin, C., Bates, G., Altherr, M., Duyao, M., Groot, N., Church, D., Wasmuth, J. J., Lehrach, H., Housman, D., Buckler, A., Gusella, J. F., and MacDonald, M. E. (1993) Hum. Mol. Genet. 1, 697-703). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of GRK4 with those of the closely related GRK5 and GRK6 suggested the apparent loss of 32 codons in the amino-terminal domain and 46 codons in the carboxyl-terminal domain of GRK4. These two regions undergo alternative splicing in the GRK4 mRNA, resulting from the presence or absence of exons filling one or both of these apparent gaps. Each inserted sequence maintains the open reading frame, and the deduced amino acid sequences are similar to corresponding regions of GRK5 and GRK6. Thus, the GRK4 mRNA and the GRK4 protein can exist as four distinct variant forms. The human GRK4 gene is composed of 16 exons extending over 75 kilobase pairs of DNA. The two alternatively spliced exons correspond to exons II and XV. The genomic organization of the GRK4 gene is completely distinct from that of the human GRK2 gene, highlighting the evolutionary distance since the divergence of these two genes. Human GRK4 mRNA is expressed highly only in testis, and both alternative exons are abundant in testis mRNA. The four GRK4 proteins have been expressed, and all incorporate [3H]palmitate. GRK4 is capable of augmenting the desensitization of the rat luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor upon coexpression in HEK293 cells and of phosphorylating the agonist-occupied, purified beta2-adrenergic receptor, indicating that GRK4 is a functional protein kinase.
P1058Safety of performing radiofrequency catheter ablation and endomyocardial biopsy in the same setting (2017)

Objective: We explored whether CF can predict complete lesion (CL) formation invivo. Methods: Consecutive patients (n19, all men, age 66.569 years) with ischemic cardiomyopathy who had SRVT ablation were included in the study. All ablations were done using irrigated contact force-sensing catheters (Biosense Webster). CL formation was defined as local non-capture post ablation using unipolar pacing at 10 mA @ 2 ms. Ablation points were included in the analysis when pacing was performed post ablation and pre-ablation CF was available. We also collected power, temperature, impedance, bipolar and unipolar electrogram (EGM) signal amplitudes. Zones were divided according to bipolar voltage into Scar zone (<0.5 mV), border zone (0.5-1.5 mV) and normal (>1.5 mV). Results: Among 299 collected ablation points (16610 points/patient), CL occurred at 146 points (48%). The only parameters that were associated with CL were lower mean impedance (115613 vs. 117611 ohms, p0.049) and lower Unipolar/Bipolar EGM ratio (6.764.7 vs. 8.567.5, p0.017). Mean CF was not different (19.469 vs. 19.4611 grams, p0.99). However, within scar zone, CF < 10 g was less likely to be associated with CL formation (9.8% vs. 21.9%, p0.029). Conclusions: CF did not predict CL formation except within regions of scar, where CF<10g was negatively associated with CL formation. Lower Unipolar/Bipolar EGM ratio was significantly associated with CL formation. P1057
Combating the Spread of Coronavirus by Modeling Fomites with Depth Cameras (2020)

Coronavirus is thought to spread through close contact from person to person. While it is believed that the primary means of spread is by inhaling respiratory droplets or aersols, it may also be spread by touching inanimate objects such as doorknobs and handrails that have the virus on it ("fomites''). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) therefore recommends individuals maintain "social distance'' of more than six feet between one another. It further notes that an individual may be infected by touching a fomite and then touching their own mouth, nose or possibly their eyes. We propose the use of computer vision techniques to combat the spread of coronavirus by sounding an audible alarm when an individual touches their own face, or when multiple individuals come within six feet of one another or shake hands. We further propose using depth cameras to track where people touch parts of their physical environment throughout the day, and a simple model of disease spread among potential fomites. Projection mapping techniques can be used to display likely fomites in realtime, while headworn augmented reality systems can be used by custodial staff to perform more effective cleaning of surfaces. Such techniques may find application in particularly vulnerable settings such as schools, long-term care facilities and physician offices.
Streptococcal M1 Protein-Provoked CXC Chemokine Formation, Neutrophil Recruitment and Lung Damage Are Regulated by Rho-Kinase Signaling (2012)

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome is frequently caused by Streptococcus pyogenes of the M1 serotype. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Ras-homologous (Rho)-kinase signaling in M1 protein-provoked lung damage. Male C57BL/6 mice received the Rho-kinase-specific inhibitor Y-27632 before administration of M1 protein. Edema, neutrophil accumulation and CXC chemokines were quantified in the lung 4 h after M1 protein challenge. Flow cytometry was used to determine Mac-1 expression. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine gene expression of CXC chemokine mRNA in alveolar macrophages. M1 protein increased neutrophil accumulation, edema and CXC chemokine formation in the lung as well as enhanced Mac-1 expression on neutrophils. Inhibition of Rho-kinase signaling significantly reduced M1 protein-provoked neutrophil accumulation and edema formation in the lung. M1 protein-triggered pulmonary production of CXC chemokine and gene expression of CXC chemokines in alveolar macrophages was decreased by Y-27632. Moreover, Rho-kinase inhibition attenuated M1 protein-induced Mac-1 expression on neutrophils. We conclude that Rho-kinase-dependent neutrophil infiltration controls pulmonary tissue damage in response to streptococcal M1 protein and that Rho-kinase signaling regulates M1 protein-induced lung recruitment of neutrophils via the formation of CXC chemokines and Mac-1 expression.
Die Wertigkeit der dynamischen 4D-Perfusions-CT Bildgebung bei der präoperativen Lappenplanung komplexer Nasenrekonstruktionen (2021)

Einleitung Der axial gestielte paramediane Stirnlappen wird oft zur plastischen Rekonstruktion komplexer Nasendefekte eingesetzt. Die Blutversorgung erfolgt primär über die A. supratrochlearis, einem Teil des supraorbitalen Gefäßplexus. Diesem gehören auch die A. infratrochlearis, die A. supraorbitalis, die A. ophthalmica, die A. dorsalis nasi und die A. angularis mit ihren zentralen Gefäßabgängen an. Fragestellung: Das Ziel der prospektiven Anwendungsstudie ist die Evaluation der Wertigkeit der dynamischen 4D-CT Bildgebung für die Perfusionsanalyse des supraorbitalen Gefäßplexus und die präoperative Planung des Lappendesigns.
New Empirical Correlations to Estimate the Least Principal Stresses Using Conventional Logging Data (2022)

The maximum (Sh<sub>max</sub>) and minimum (Sh<sub>min</sub>) horizontal stresses are essential parameters for the well planning and hydraulic fracturing design. These stresses can be accurately measured using field tests such as the leak-off test, step-rate test, and so forth, or approximated using physics-based equations. These equations require measuring some <i>in situ</i> geomechanical parameters such as the static Poisson ratio and static elastic modulus via experimental tests on retrieved core samples. However, such measurements are not usually accessible for all drilled wells. In addition, the recently proposed machine learning (ML) models are based on expensive and destructive tests. Therefore, this study aims at developing a new approach to predict the least principal stresses in a time- and cost-effective way. New models have been developed using ML approaches, that is, artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM), to predict Sh<sub>min</sub> and Sh<sub>max</sub> gradients (outputs) from well-log data (inputs). A wide-ranged set of actual field data were collected and extensively analyzed before being fed to the algorithms to train the models. The developed ANN-based models outperformed the SVM-based ones with a mean absolute average error (MAPE) not exceeding 0.30% between the actual and predicted output values. Besides, new equations have been developed to mimic the processing of the optimized networks. The new empirical equations were verified by another unseen data set, resulting in a remarkably matched actual stress-gradient values, confirmed by a prediction accuracy exceeding 90% in addition to an MAPE of 0.43%. The results' statistics confirmed the robustness of the developed equations to predict the Sh<sub>min</sub> and Sh<sub>max</sub> gradients with a high degree of accuracy whenever the logging data are available.
Charge Regulated Diffusion of Silica Nanoparticles into Wood for Flame Retardant Transparent Wood (2022)

Abstract The preparation of wood substrates modified by charged inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) diffusing into the internal cell wall structure is investigated for generating functional properties. The flammability problem of wood biocomposites is addressed. NPs applied from colloidal sols carry charge to stabilize them against aggregation. The influence of charge on particle diffusion and adsorption should play a role for their spatial distribution and localization in the wood substrate biocomposite. It is hypothesized that improved dispersion, infiltration, and stability of NPs into the wood structure can be achieved by charge control diffusion, also restricting NP agglomeration and limiting distribution to the wood cell wall. Cationic and anionic silica NPs of ≈30 nm are therefore allowed to diffuse into bleached wood. The influence of charge on distribution in wood is investigated as a function of initial sol concentration. Transparent wood is fabricated by in situ polymerization of a thiol‐ene in the wood pore space. These biocomposites demonstrate excellent flame retardancy with self‐extinguishing characteristics. The approach has potential for commercial fabrication of flame retardant transparent composites for glazing and other building applications.
In Vitro Bioactivity of Atomic Layer Deposited Titanium Dioxide on Titanium and Silicon Substrates (2007)

A non-bioactive implant device can easily be changed to in vitro bioactive with a thin coating of crystalline TiO2. This crystalline coating can be deposited very thin with great step coverage at a low temperature with Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). An anatase TiO2 coating was built up atomic layer by atomic layer using TiI4 and H2O as precursors in a hot wall furnace. Several hundreds of cycles resulted in a 10-30nm well defined TiO2 of anatase phase on both Si and Ti substrates. These coatings were shown to be bioactive when immersed in simulated body fluid in vitro, as hydroxyapatite (HA) formed on the surface. The surface roughness of the substrates affected the adhesion of the HA. The adhesion was low on the smooth Si but much better on the 100 times rougher Ti. The ALD technique is promising for coating substrates of all shapes with bioactive crystalline TiO2 at a low temperature.
Dynamics Of Grain Boundary Space-Charge Potential In Electroceramics (1999)

Abstract A large number of bulk and thin-film electroceramic systems contain electrically active interfaces which dictate the various useful electronic properties of these devices. The electrical activity of these interfaces stems from a complex interplay among various interfacial attribute but often involves formation of some form of electrostatic potential at the interfaces which is modified under applied bias of current and/or voltage. Figure la schematically shows charge distribution at a model grain boundary (GB), while Figure 1(b) shows its corresponding potential distribution. As shown in Figure 1(c), the energy band structure bends opposite to this built-in potential, causing a downward shift at the grain boundary. The difficulty with evaluating the Schottky barrier model, which is often invoked to explain GB electrical activity, is that the charge density distribution and therefore the band bending is expected to dynamically alter as bias is applied across the grain boundary. This variation adds another level of complexity to theoretical descriptions of the barrier behavior
Filamentation nonlinear optics: a new frontier (2007)

The filament core of a femtosecond laser pulse propagating in an optical medium has extra-ordinary quality for exploitation that includes high quality tunable pulse generation from the UV to the THz. The peak intensity inside the filament is also high enough to dissociate/ionize any molecules resulting in remarkably distinct spectra which can be use for remote sensing of Chem-bio agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Metallic Copper Nanoparticles. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Back to the future (2002)

Clients are coming to rely more and more on external services to meet the needs of their users, and the clients are increasingly simple caches of soft state -- "truth" is maintained elsewhere. As a result, the user experience of dependability is better served by making those services ultra-dependable than by increasing the reliability of an individual client. We explore here some of the consequences of this statement, and conclude that developing scalable, dependable services may be a more fruitful approach than an extreme emphasis on "dependable OSes". Along the way we look at quantifying "dependability" in this new world; some of what it takes to provide dependable, large-scale services; and some approaches that we are exploring to do so.