gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robotic Learning From Advisory and Adversarial Interactions Using a Soft Wrist (2021)

In this letter, we developed a novel learning framework from physical human-robot interactions. Owing to human domain knowledge, such interactions can be useful for facilitation of learning. However, applying numerous interactions for training data might place a burden on human users, particularly in real-world applications. To address this problem, we propose formulating this as a model-based reinforcement learning problem to reduce errors during training and increase robustness. Our key idea is to develop 1) an advisory and adversarial interaction strategy and 2) a human-robot interaction model to predict each behavior. In the advisory and adversarial interactions, a human guides and disturbs the robot when it moves in the wrong and correct directions, respectively. Meanwhile, the robot tries to achieve its goal in conjunction with predicting the human's behaviors using the interaction model. To verify the proposed method, we conducted peg-in-hole experiments in a simulation and real-robot environment with human participants and a robot, which has an underactuated soft wrist module. The experimental results showed that our proposed method had smaller position errors during training and a higher number of successes than the baselines without any interactions and with random interactions.
Gene Therapy for Bladder Pain With Gene Gun Particle Encoding Pro-Opiomelanocortin cDNA (2003)

The POMC gene can be transferred in the bladder using the gene gun and increased bladder expression of endorphin can suppress nociceptive responses induced by bladder irritation. Thus, POMC gene gun delivery may be useful for the treatment of interstitial cystitis and other types of visceral pain.
Holoportation (2016)

We present an end-to-end system for augmented and virtual reality telepresence, called Holoportation. Our system demonstrates high-quality, real-time 3D reconstructions of an entire space, including people, furniture and objects, using a set of new depth cameras. These 3D models can also be transmitted in real-time to remote users. This allows users wearing virtual or augmented reality displays to see, hear and interact with remote participants in 3D, almost as if they were present in the same physical space. From an audio-visual perspective, communicating and interacting with remote users edges closer to face-to-face communication. This paper describes the Holoportation technical system in full, its key interactive capabilities, the application scenarios it enables, and an initial qualitative study of using this new communication medium.
Surgical Site Infection in Spinal Surgery (2011)

Used individually, diagnosis-related group, current procedural terminology, and ICD-9 codes cannot completely capture a patient population. Using an algorithm combining all 3 coding systems to generate both inclusion and exclusion criteria, we were able to analyze a specific population of spinal surgery patients within a high-volume medical center. Within that group, risk factors found to increase infection rates were isolated and can serve to focus hospital-wide efforts to decrease surgery-related morbidity and improve patient outcomes.
A Proteomic Screen for Nucleolar SUMO Targets Shows SUMOylation Modulates the Function of Nop5/Nop58 (2010)

Posttranslational SUMO modification is an important mechanism of regulating protein function, especially in the cell nucleus. The nucleolus is the subnuclear organelle responsible for rRNA synthesis, processing, and assembly of the large and small ribosome subunits. Here, we have used SILAC-based quantitative proteomics to identify nucleolar SUMOylated proteins. This reveals a role for SUMOylation in the biogenesis and/or function of small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complexes (snoRNPs) via the targeting of Nhp2 and Nop58. Using combined in vitro and in vivo approaches, both Nhp2 and Nop58 (also known as Nop5) are shown to be substrates for SUMOylation. Mutational analyses revealed the sites of modification on Nhp2 as K5, and on Nop58 as K467 and K497. Unlike Nop58 and Nhp2, the closely related Nop56 and 15.5K proteins appear not to be SUMO targets. SUMOylation is essential for high-affinity Nop58 binding to snoRNAs. This study provides direct evidence linking SUMO modification with snoRNP function.
Making Search Engines Faster by Lowering the Cost of Querying Business Rules Through FPGAs (2020)

Business Rule Management Systems (BRMSs) are widely used in industry for a variety of tasks. Their main advantage is to codify in a succinct and queryable manner vast amounts of constantly evolving logic. In BRMSs, rules are typically captured as facts (tuples) over a collection of criteria, and checking them involves querying the collection of rules to find the best match. In this paper, we focus on a real-world use case from the airline industry: determining the minimum connection time (MCT) between flights. The MCT module is part of the flight search engine, and captures the ever changing constraints at each airport that determine the time to allocate between an arriving and a departing flight for a connection to be feasible. We explore how to use hardware acceleration to (i) improve the performance of the MCT module (lower latency, higher throughput); and (ii) reduce the amount of computing resources needed. A key aspect of the solution is the transformation of a collection of rules into a Non-deterministic Finite state Automaton efficiently implemented on FPGA. Experiments performed on-premises and in the cloud show several orders of magnitude improvement over the existing solution, and the potential to reduce by 40% the number of machines needed for the flight search engine.
Sensor-Enabled Alleviation of Product Inhibition in Chorismate Pyruvate-Lyase (2019)

Product inhibition is a frequent bottleneck in industrial enzymes, and testing mutations to alleviate product inhibition via traditional methods remains challenging as many variants need to be tested against multiple substrate and product concentrations. Further, traditional screening methods are conducted in vitro, and resulting enzyme variants may perform differently in vivo in the context of whole-cell metabolism and regulation. In this study, we address these two problems by establishing a high-throughput screening method to alleviate product inhibition in an industrially relevant enzyme, chorismate pyruvate-lyase (UbiC). First, we engineered a highly specific, genetically encoded biosensor for 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HB) in an industrially relevant host, Pseudomonas putida KT2440. We subsequently applied the biosensor to detect the activity of a heterologously expressed UbiC that converts chorismate into 4HB and pyruvate. By using benzoate as a product surrogate that inhibits UbiC without activating the biosensor, we were able to efficiently create and screen a diversified library for UbiC variants with reduced product inhibition. Introduction of the improved UbiC enzyme variant into an experimental production strain for the industrial precursor cis,cis-muconic acid (muconate), enabled a >2-fold yield improvement for glucose to muconate conversion when the new UbiC variant was expressed from a plasmid and a 60% yield increase when the same UbiC variant was genomically integrated into the strain. Overall, this work demonstrates that by coupling a library of enzyme variants to whole-cell catalysis and biosensing, variants with reduced product inhibition can be identified, and that this improved enzyme can result in increased titers of a downstream molecule of interest.
Faulty Anesthesia Circuits (1977)

Commonly used disposable anesthesia circuits were studied for leak and gas spillage. Trace anesthetic gas concentrations produced by these circuits in the anesthesiologist's breathing zone were analyzed by a Hewlett-Packard Gas Chromatograph. These measurements demonstrated ambient halothane (3.29 +/- 0.1 ppm) and N2O (333.5 +/- 2.31 ppm) concentrations well above target levels, when swivel-type disposable anesthesia circuits were used, despite the presence of standard gas-scavenging devices and appropriate operating room fresh air exchange rates. Lower ambient concentration levels (0.38 +/- 0.03 ppm halothane and 31.3 +/- 1.49 ppm N2O) were measured when Y-type disposable anesthesia circuits were used.
Design of a high-forward-transmission all-optical diode based on cascaded side-coupled photonic crystal cavities (2017)

A high-forward-transmission all-optical diode based on cascaded photonic crystal cavities is proposed. To obtain a high forward transmission and a large nonreciprocity, we generate a box-like spectrum by cascading two side-coupled photonic crystal cavities. We find that by appropriately adjusting the distance between two cavities, a high contrast of the transmission and a flat spectral lineshape with almost 100% transmission can be obtained. These characteristics are preferable for achieving a high forward transmission and a large nonreciprocity. Numerical results show that the designed all-optical diode performs perfect transmission with a large nonreciprocal transmission ratio of >50  dB.
A sensitive dual colorimetric and fluorescence system for assaying the activity of alkaline phosphatase that relies on pyrophosphate inhibition of the peroxidase activity of copper ions (2014)

A novel and highly sensitive colorimetric and fluorescence assay for the accurate determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity has been developed. The assay takes advantage of the inhibition of the peroxidase activity of Cu(2+) ions caused by complexation with pyrophosphate (PPi), a natural substrate for ALP. This inhibition disappears when PPi undergoes ALP catalyzed hydrolysis to generate phosphate, which does not bind to Cu(2+) ions. Thus, ALP causes generation of uncomplexed Cu(2+) ions, which promote multiple oxidation reactions of Amplex UltraRed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in conjunction with the production of intense fluorescence and colorimetric signals. By employing the fluorescence and colorimetric assay strategies, ALP can be detected at respective concentrations as low as 4.3 pM and 5.4 pM, detection limits that are much lower than those associated with previously described methods. The practical diagnostic capability of the assay system has been demonstrated by its use to detect ALP in human blood serum.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Acetals by Rhodium Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Alkenes in the Presence of Orthoformate. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transmit beamforming for spectral coexistence of satellite and terrestrial networks (2013)

Herein, we study transmit beamforming techniques in an underlay cognitive mode for the coexistence of satellite and terrestrial networks with the satellite forward link as primary and the terrestrial downlink as secondary. Since geostationary satellite terminals have predetermined propagation characteristics so that they always point towards the geostationary satellite, the interference received by the satellite terminals from the terrestrial Base Station (BS) is confined in an angular sector. Based on this a priori knowledge, we propose transmit beamforming techniques at the BS to maximize the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) towards the desired Secondary User (SU) and to mitigate the interference towards the primary satellite terminals. Different types of Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV) techniques have been proposed for our considered scenario where the exact locations and the number of satellite terminals within a specific angular sector are not known while designing the beamformer. Furthermore, an optimization problem is formulated for maximizing the SU rate and it is shown that the worst case SU rate depends on the Primary User (PU) distance, PU interference threshold and the angular separation of the desired SU from the region of interest.
Discovery of BMS-986202: A Clinical Tyk2 Inhibitor that Binds to Tyk2 JH2 (2020)

A search for structurally diversified Tyk2 JH2 ligands from <b>6</b> (BMS-986165), a pyridazine carboxamide-derived Tyk2 JH2 ligand as a clinical Tyk2 inhibitor currently in late development for the treatment of psoriasis, began with a survey of six-membered heteroaryl groups in place of the <i>N</i>-methyl triazolyl moiety in <b>6</b>. The X-ray co-crystal structure of an early lead (<b>12</b>) revealed a potential new binding pocket. Exploration of the new pocket resulted in two frontrunners for a clinical candidate. The potential hydrogen bonding interaction with Thr599 in the pocket was achieved with a tertiary amide moiety, confirmed by the X-ray co-crystal structure of <b>29</b>. When the diversity search was extended to nicotinamides, a single fluorine atom addition was found to significantly enhance the permeability, which directly led to the discovery of <b>7</b> (BMS-986202) as a clinical Tyk2 inhibitor that binds to Tyk2 JH2. The preclinical studies of <b>7</b>, including efficacy studies in mouse models of IL-23-driven acanthosis, anti-CD40-induced colitis, and spontaneous lupus, will also be presented.
A Flexible Phased-Array Architecture for Reception and Rapid Direction-of-Arrival Finding Utilizing Pseudo-Random Antenna Weight Modulation and Compressive Sampling (2019)

The direct space-to-information converter (DSIC) unifies conventional delay-and-sum analog conventional beamforming (CBF) with compressive sampling (CS) rapid direction-of-arrival (DOA) finding into a single, reconfigurable phased-array receiver architecture. Where current CBF-based DOA scanners need to exhaustively search through multiple DOA angles, the DSIC is able to receive energy from all possible angles by modulating its antenna weights psuedo-randomly. The DSIC RF-ASIC can operate from 1 to 3 GHz, was fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, and includes eight direct-conversion paths each delivering 32-dB conversion gain, 3.3-dBm in-band IIP3, and 6.4-dB NF while consuming 19.8 mW from 1.2 V. The DSIC RF-ASIC has two modes of operation, CS-DOA and CBF-Reception and can switch between them in less than 1 μs. In CS-DOA mode, the DSIC RF-ASIC finds the DOA of a single signal in 1 μs consuming 158 nJ which is 4× faster and 1.5× less energy than a comparable CBF-based DOA scanner.
Rapid and highly-specific generation of targeted DNA sequencing libraries enabled by linking capture probes with universal primers (2018)

Abstract Targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is being adopted increasingly broadly in many research, commercial and clinical settings. Currently used target capture methods, however, typically require complex and lengthy (sometimes multi-day) workflows that complicates their use in certain applications. In addition, small panels for high sequencing depth applications such as liquid biopsy typically have low on-target rates, resulting in unnecessarily high sequencing cost. We have developed a novel targeted sequencing library preparation method, named Linked Target Capture (LTC), which replaces typical multi-day target capture workflows with a single-day, combined ‘target-capture-PCR’ workflow. This approach uses physically linked capture probes and PCR primers and is expected to work with panel sizes from 100 bp to &gt;10 Mbp. It reduces the time and complexity of the capture workflow, eliminates long hybridization and wash steps and enables rapid library construction and target capture. High on-target read fractions are achievable due to repeated sequence selection in the target-capture-PCR step, thus lowering sequencing cost. We have demonstrated this technology on sample types including cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) derived DNA, capturing a 35-gene pan-cancer panel, and therein detecting single nucleotide variants, copy number variants, insertions, deletions and gene fusions. With the integration of unique molecular identifiers (UMIs), variants as low as 0.25% abundance were detected, limited by input mass and sequencing depth. Additionally, sequencing libraries were prepared in less than eight hours from extracted DNA to loaded sequencer, demonstrating that LTC holds promise as a broadly applicable tool for rapid, cost-effective and high performance targeted sequencing.
Progress in Nanotheranostics Based on Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterial Platforms (2017)

Theranostics based on nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising paradigm in nanomedicine. Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based systems offer unique characteristics to enable multimodal imaging or simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. They include large surface area and volume, tunable pore size, functionalizable surface, and acceptable biological safety. Hybridization with other NPs and chemical modification can further potentiate the multifunctionality of MSN-based systems toward translation. Here, we update the recent progress on MSN-based systems for theranostic purposes. We discuss various synthetic approaches used to construct the theranostic platforms either via intrinsic chemistry or extrinsic combination. These include defect generation in the silica structure, encapsulation of diagnostic NPs within silica, their assembly on the silica surface, and direct conjugation of dye chemicals. Collectively, in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that multimodal imaging capacities can be integrated with the therapeutic functions of these MSN systems for therapy. With further improvement in bioimaging sensitivity and targeting specificity, the multifunctional MSN-based theranostic systems will find many clinical applications in the near future.
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Asthma in Population-Based Cohorts Confirm Known and Suggested Loci and Identify an Additional Association near HLA (2012)

Population-based cohorts with simple asthma phenotypes represent a valuable and largely untapped resource for genetic studies of asthma.
Lithographic Properties of Positive Photosensitive Polyimide Insulator by Block Copolymerization. (2001)

Photosensitive polyimide has enormous potential as a future dielectric interlayer material for potential use in large scale integrated (LSI) circuits. The block copolyimide known as 21-169 was synthesised via a single step polycondensation reaction. This procedure involved reacting dianhydrides with diamines in the presence of γ- valerolactone/pyridine catalyst in a NMP/toluene solvent system at 180°C. This experimentation involves two types of diazonaphtoquinone (DNQ) compound referred to as PC-5 and NT-200. The exposed films were subjected to a developing process using several alkaline aqueous solutions and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). A solution of silane coupling reagent was found to be necessary for good adhesion between the polyimide layer and the silicon wafer. In this paper, the resulting products solubility characteristic and pattern shape of the exposed and unexposed areas at 365nm wavelength of light and 700mJ/cm2 were investigated. The contrast γ value between the fully exposed and unexposed area was found to be above 1.1. The PC-5 photosensitive material was found to be an effective dissolution inhibitor for polyimide 21-169 in alkaline developer solution (A0).
Altimetry Over Sea Ice Using Coherent Gnss Reflections (2018)

This work is to demonstrate spaceborne altimetry over sea ice using coherent component of reflected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal. The raw samples of sea ice reflected GNSS signal collected by the UK TechDemoSat-l (TDS-l) mission are processed. Strong coherent components are found in sea ice reflected GNSS signal received in space at different elevation angles, which would make it possible to perform precise surface altimetry measurements using the carrier phase information of the reflected signals. In addition, the coherent reflected signals can be integrated coherently for a longer period to increase the signal to noise ratio, which would make it possible to demonstrate the interferometric GNSS-R (iGNSS-R) altimetry technique in space without very high gain antenna. In this presentation, the altimetric results of coherent GNSS reflections with both carrier phase and code phase will be discussed.
Recent advances in stealth coating of nanoparticle drug delivery systems (2012)

Modifying surfaces of nanoparticles (NPs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the so-called PEGylation, is the most commonly used method for reducing premature clearance of NPs from the circulation. However, several reports point out that PEGylation may negatively influence the performance of NPs as a drug carrier. Alternative surface modification strategies, including substitute polymers, conditional removal of PEG, and biomimetic surface modification, may provide solutions for the limitations of PEG.
Des modèles murins de maladies inflammatoires cryptogénétiques de l'intestin obtenus par mutagenèse de gènes codant pour des composants du système immunitaire (1993)

Des modèles murins de maladies inflammatoires cryptogénétiques de l'intestin obtenus par mutagenèse de gènes codant pour des composants du système immunitaire
Wireless Power Supply of Moving Linear Actuator Enclosed in Stainless-Steel (2022)

Linear actuators are a key element of automatized industrial systems, as linear motion is present in most manipulation tasks. For actuators performing x-z movements, actuator windings are placed on the moving part and these must be supplied. However, in high-purity environments such as in the food processing or pharmaceutical industries, actuators should be fully enclosed in stainless steel (SS) to facilitate thorough cleaning, and cables are undesirable. This paper therefore proposes high-efficiency (97% at 100W) wireless power transfer (WPT) through two 0.5mm thick SS enclosures, which facilitates the deployment of linear actuators in high-purity environments. The proposed coaxial transformer arrangement with the magnetic core mounted on the moving part results in a magnetic field that is in parallel to the SS enclosures, which minimizes eddy-current losses. We discuss the detailed modeling and optimization of the system, and finally present an industrial two-axis actuator prototype that fully confirms the theoretical analysis.
Molecular Signalling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role of and Crosstalk among Wnt/β-Catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Notch and Dickkopf-1 (2015)

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. In the majority of cases, there is evidence of existing chronic liver disease from a variety of causes including viral hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Identification of the signalling pathways used by hepatocellular carcinoma cells to proliferate, invade or metastasize is of paramount importance in the discovery and implementation of successfully targeted therapies. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Hedgehog pathways play a critical role in regulating liver cell proliferation during development and in controlling crucial functions of the adult liver in the initiation and progression of human cancers. β-catenin was identified as a protein interacting with the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin at the cell-cell junction, and has been shown to be one of the most important mediators of the Wnt signalling pathway in tumourigenesis. Investigations into the role of Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma have demonstrated controversial results, with a decreased expression of Dickkopf-1 and soluble frizzled-related protein in various cancers on one hand, and as a possible negative prognostic indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma on the other. In the present review, the authors focus on the Wnt⁄β-catenin, Notch and Sonic Hedgehog pathways, and their interaction with Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.