gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase-locking of tiled fiber array using SPGD feedback controller (2005)

We present the laboratory experiments of phase locking of a multi-channel tiled fiber array using a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) feedback controller demonstrating the compensation effect of the simulating phase-induced distortions based on the model-free optimization of the received signal strength. An all-polarization-maintaining (PM)-fiber optical configuration is used to simplify the free-space transceiver system. The atmospheric aberrations are simulated by a multi-channel integrated optical phase modulator which obtains input control voltages from an array of multi-channel independent sinusoidal signal generators. A similar multi-channel phase modulator which obtains input control voltages from a computer-based SPGD controller is used to compensate the simulating phase distortions. The experimental results show that the constructive interference state is reached through phase locking of the multi-channel tiled fiber array for phase distortions up to 180 hertz for each channel. The update rate of the computer-based SPGD controller is ~16,000 iterations per second. The average compensation bandwidth is about 310 Hz
An implementation of selecting system in base station controller for digital cellular communication (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the structure and functions of the selecting system in the base station controller (BSC) for CDMA digital cellular communication. The system mainly manages call processing, handles High-level Digital Link Control (HDLC) protocol, controls soft/softer handoff procedure and provides transcoding channels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The influence of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymers on early OPC hydration: a complete study of the heat flow, phase evolution, and pore solution chemistry (2019)

The impact of two different dialyzed styrene-acrylate polymer dispersions on the early hydration of OPC was studied. The polymer particles of both dispersions show a similar particle size distribution and high charge due to carboxylic groups on the surface of the particles. Both dispersions also show similar adsorption behavior. The hydration of the OPC was studied at a polymer concentration below the initial adsorption in order to evaluate possible reasons for the interaction of the polymer particles with cement hydration. It can be shown that the polymer particle with the lower glass transition temperature Tg shows a stronger impact on cement hydration, which cannot be explained by any influence on the pore solution composition or the initial dissolution of cement phases. Hence, the adsorption mechanism seems to be the most likely cause of the interaction of the polymers with hydrating cement.
Label-free detection of biomolecules with nanowall arrays (2010)

In this paper, we developed a new method for label-free detection of biomolecules by using the nanowall array chips. Our method is based on the detection of diffracted light by nanostructures inside a microchannel, and also has a great potential not only to distinguish the difference between water and buffer solution but detect biomolecules without any fluorescent molecules. Moreover, as for the detection limit, DNA molecules as much as zepto-mole level could be detected by using our label-free method.
Cytoprotective Peptide Humanin Binds and Inhibits Proapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax Family Protein BimEL (2005)

Humanin (HN) is a recently identified endogenous peptide that protects cells against cytotoxicity induced by various stimuli. Recently, we showed that HN binds to and inhibits Bax, a proapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, suggesting a mechanism for HN action. In this study, we identified Bim, a Bcl-2 homology 3-only member of the Bcl-2/Bax family, as an additional HN target protein. Using in vitro protein binding, immunoprecipitation, and coimmunolocalization assays, we demonstrated that HN binds directly to the extra long isoform of Bim (BimEL) but not the long (BimL) or short (BimS) isoforms. HN also protects cells against apoptosis induced by BimEL but not BimL and BimS in gene transfection studies. In contrast, mutants of HN which failed to bind BimEL failed to protect from BimEL-induced cell death. Moreover, HN inhibited BimEL-induced release of SMAC and cytochrome c from mitochondria isolated from bax-/-cells, indicating that HN can suppress BimEL independently of its effect on Bax. Finally, we demonstrate that HN prevents BimEL-induced oligomerization of Bak using isolated mitochondria. Taken together, our results indicate that the inhibition of BimEL may contribute to the antiapoptotic properties of the HN peptide.
Biomechanical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Suture Tape Augmentation for Subscapularis Peel Repair (2023)

Suture tape augmentation of subscapularis peel repairs after shoulder arthroplasty provides an effective segment to the strength of the repair.
Joint Interference and User Association Optimization in Cellular Wireless Networks (2013)

In cellular wireless networks, user association refers to the problem of assigning mobile users to base station cells -- a critical, but challenging, problem in many emerging small cell and heterogeneous networks. This paper considers a general class of utility maximization problems for joint optimization of mobile user associations and bandwidth and power allocations. The formulation can incorporate a large class of network topologies, interference models, SNR-to-rate mappings and network constraints. In addition, the model can applied in carrier aggregation scenarios where mobiles can be served by multiple cells simultaneously. While the problem is non-convex, our main contribution shows that the optimization admits a separable dual decomposition. This property enables fast computation of upper bounds on the utility as well as an efficient, distributed implementation for approximate local optimization via augmented Lagrangian techniques. Simulations are presented in heterogeneous networks with mixtures of macro and picocells. We demonstrate significant value of the proposed methods in scenarios with variable backhaul capacity in the femtocell links and in cases where the user density is sufficiently low that lightly-used cells can reduce power.
Effect of temperature and humidity on the gas–particle partitioning of nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoke: A diffusion denuder study (2017)

During cigarette smoking, nicotine deposition in the mouth, upper airways and deep lung can occur via rapid diffusion of gas-phase nicotine and via deposition of particle-bound nicotine, with changing proportions, dependent on physical and chemical equilibria. We have used a diffusion denuder approach to physical equilibria to evaluate comprehensively the percentage of nicotine that is initially in the gas phase of mainstream cigarette smoke under different temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) conditions. Smoking experiments with University of Kentucky 3R4F research cigarettes were performed at six denuder T values (291–335 K) and three RH values (30%, 45% and 60%). G/P partitioning of nicotine increased significantly with increasing T, and decreased substantially with increasing RH. The measured gas diffusion coefficient of nicotine in the system, D298K = 0.071 ± 0.006 cm2 s−1, was consistent with published data. Application of the theoretical denuder model of Lipowicz and Piadè indicated that the initial gas-phase fraction (fgLP) of nicotine entering the denuder tube ranged from ≈ 0.012% to 7.2% depending on T and RH. The fgLP values were used to derive the G/P partitioning constant, Kp, proposed by Pankow, ranging from 1.61e-06 to 1.06e-03. The first reported use of van’t Hoff plots of Kp yielded an enthalpy change of 110 kJ mol−1, consistent with the thermodynamics of the solution process and the acid–base equilibrium of nicotine in droplets of mainstream smoke. These new data offer scope for improved modelling of nicotine behaviour in tobacco smoke and its subsequent deposition in the respiratory tract.
<title>Detectors of angular shifts and light polarizers, operation of which is based on the effect of surface plasmon-polariton resonance</title> (1994)

One of the properties of surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves is that their excitation takes place only when appropriate relations between wave vectors of incident electromagnetic and SPP waves are fulfilled for a given frequency. In addition the incident wave has to be p- polarized. Due to the aforementioned peculiarities SPP waves may be applied for the development of some devices such as detectors of angular shifts, wide-band polarizers of light, or frequency discriminators. It is necessary to say that such devices have small sizes that offer an opportunity to use them with opto-electronic equipment. It is important to have an opportunity to induce SPP waves for different frequencies but the same relations exist between wave vector of incident electromagnetic and SPP waves. The technique of deposition of a monolayer of oriented molecules with necessary properties and thickness on the boundary of two mediums where SPP waves spread is used to get such an opportunity.
Influence of low temperature preanneals on dopant and defect behavior for low energy Ge preamorphized silicon (2004)

The hold temperature of an anneal plays a crucial role in controlling the final activation and diffusion of dopants. A study on the influence of a variety of low temperature preanneals on the behavior of dopants and defects for low energy germanium preamorphization is conducted. Si wafers are preamorphized with 1×1015 cm−2 Ge+ at energies of 10, 12, 15, 20, and 30 keV and implanted with 1×1015 cm−2, 1 keV B+. Furnace preanneals are performed at 450, 550, 650, and 750 °C; the samples are subsequently subjected to a spike RTA at 950 °C. Defect analyses indicate an energy threshold above which the preanneal has an effect on the defect density. Further experiments are conducted on the 10 keV Ge+ preamorphizing implant in which the second anneal step is conducted at 750 °C for various times. An analysis of the defect evolution with time reveals that the evolution does not follow previously reported Ostwald ripening-type behavior. The microstructure is populated with very small dot-like defects, which simply dissolve with time, suggesting that the boron may play some role in the defect evolution.
Recovery dynamics and fast (sub-50ns) read operation with Access Devices for 3D crosspoint memory based on mixed-ionic-electronic-conduction (MIEC) (2013)

BEOL-friendly Access Devices (AD) based on Cu-containing MIEC materials[1-4] are shown to be capable of both maintaining and moving rapidly between all the roles necessary for 3D crosspoint memory (un-selected, half-selected, selected(read), and selected(write)). Ultra-low leakage is maintained over hours, recovery dynamics after both write (30-50uA) and read (3-6uA) operations are explored, and read operations fast enough for use with MRAM (sub-50ns) at low voltages are demonstrated.
Antiproliferative and apoptosis-induction studies of a metallosurfactant in human breast cancer cell MCF-7 (2014)

The cytotoxic potential of the surfactant–cobalt(<sc>iii</sc>) complex (metallosurfactant) <italic>cis</italic>-[Co(trien)(C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>29</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>)Cl](ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> was tested on an MCF-7 breast cancer cell.
Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology (2012)

In 1962, R.B. Merrifield published the first procedure using solid-phase peptide synthesis as a novel route to efficiently synthesize peptides. This technique quickly proved advantageous over its solution-phase predecessor in both time and labor. Improvements concerning the nature of solid support, the protecting groups employed and the coupling methods employed over the last five decades have only increased the usefulness of Merrifield's original system. Today, use of a Boc-based protection and base/nucleophile cleavable resin strategy or Fmoc-based protection and acidic cleavable resin strategy, pioneered by R.C. Sheppard, are most commonly used for the synthesis of peptides(1). Inspired by Merrifield's solid supported strategy, we have developed a Boc/tert-butyl solid-phase synthesis strategy for the assembly of functionalized bis-peptides(2), which is described herein. The use of solid-phase synthesis compared to solution-phase methodology is not only advantageous in both time and labor as described by Merrifield(1), but also allows greater ease in the synthesis of bis-peptide libraries. The synthesis that we demonstrate here incorporates a final cleavage stage that uses a two-step "safety catch" mechanism to release the functionalized bis-peptide from the resin by diketopiperazine formation. Bis-peptides are rigid, spiro-ladder oligomers of bis-amino acids that are able to position functionality in a predictable and designable way, controlled by the type and stereochemistry of the monomeric units and the connectivity between each monomer. Each bis-amino acid is a stereochemically pure, cyclic scaffold that contains two amino acids (a carboxylic acid with an α-amine)(3,4). Our laboratory is currently investigating the potential of functional bis-peptides across a wide variety of fields including catalysis, protein-protein interactions and nanomaterials.
Recurring verification of interaction authenticity within bluetooth networks (2021)

Although user authentication has been well explored, device-to-device authentication - specifically in Bluetooth networks - has not seen the same attention. We propose Verification of Interaction Authenticity (VIA) - a recurring authentication scheme based on evaluating characteristics of the communications (interactions) between devices. We adapt techniques from wireless traffic analysis and intrusion-detection systems to develop behavioral models that capture typical, authentic device interactions (behavior); these models enable recurring verification of device behavior. To evaluate our approach we produced a new dataset consisting of more than 300 Bluetooth network traces collected from 20 Bluetooth-enabled smart-health and smart-home devices. In our evaluation, we found that devices can be correctly verified at a variety of granularities, achieving an F1-score of 0.86 or better in most cases.
Simplified Frequency Offset Estimation for MIMO OFDM Systems (2017)

This paper addresses a simplified frequency offset estimator for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems over frequency selective fading channels. By exploiting the good correlation property of the training sequences, which are constructed from the Chu sequence, carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation is obtained through factor decomposition for the derivative of the cost function with great complexity reduction. The mean-squared error (MSE) of the CFO estimation is derived to optimize the key parameter of the simplified estimator and also to evaluate the estimator performance. Simulation results confirm the good performance of the training-assisted CFO estimator.
Application of dOTF wavefront sensing to 3D aberration measurement in an optical system (2012)

A new method to estimate the complex pupil-plane field from a functional derivative of the optical transfer function (OTF) has been described by Codona.1 It is in principle a diversity technique that uses two focal-plane images with a spatially localized difference introduced in the pupil. The difference can be in phase, amplitude, or both, and need not be well known provided that its spatial extent is small compared to the required resolution of the field. Unlike other diversity methods, however, the dOTF wavefront estimation algorithm is non-iterative and very fast. The technique may be exploited in a straightforward way for tomographic wavefront sensing from a random scene of unresolved sources whose angular extent exceeds the isoplanatic limit. A single camera is arranged to capture the whole scene. An exposure is recorded, a modification is made to the pupil, and a second exposure recorded. These two images are then sufficient to derive the 3D information to characterize the non-shift-invariant point-spread function over the full field. While offering nothing revolutionary in tomography, the technique is a simple way to characterize the aberrations in an optical system and localize them along the optical axis.
Micro RNA 145 Targets the Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 and Inhibits the Growth of Colon Cancer Cells (2007)

The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), a docking protein for both the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) and the insulin receptor, is known to send a mitogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-differentiation signal. Several micro RNAs (miRs) are suggested by the data base as possible candidates for targeting IRS-1. We show here that one of the miRs predicted by the data base, miR145, whether transfected as a synthetic oligonucleotide or expressed from a plasmid, causes down-regulation of IRS-1 in human colon cancer cells. IRS-1 mRNA is not decreased by miR145, while it is down-regulated by an siRNA targeting IRS-1. Targeting of the IRS-1 3'-untranslated region (UTR) by miR145 was confirmed using a reporter gene (luciferase) expressing the miR145 binding sites of the IRS-1 3'-UTR. In agreement with the role of IRS-1 in cell proliferation, we show that treatment of human colon cancer cells with miR145 causes growth arrest comparable to the use of an siRNA against IRS-1. Taken together, these results identify miR145 as a micro RNA that down-regulates the IRS-1 protein, and inhibits the growth of human cancer cells.
Collective antenna effects in the terahertz and infrared response of highly aligned carbon nanotube arrays (2013)

We study macroscopically aligned single-wall carbon nanotube arrays with uniform lengths via polarization-dependent terahertz and infrared transmission spectroscopy. Polarization anisotropy is extreme at frequencies less than $\ensuremath{\sim}$100 cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ with no sign of attenuation when the polarization is perpendicular to the alignment direction. The attenuation for both parallel and perpendicular polarizations increases with increasing frequency, exhibiting a pronounced and broad peak around 450 cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the parallel case. We model the electromagnetic response of the sample by taking into account both radiative scattering and absorption losses. We show that our sample acts as an effective antenna due to the high degree of alignment, exhibiting much larger radiative scattering than absorption in the mid/far-infrared range. Our calculated attenuation spectrum clearly shows a non-Drude peak at $\ensuremath{\sim}$450 cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in agreement with the experiment.
Declarative Events for Object-Oriented Programming (2010)

In object-oriented designs inversion of control is achieved by an event-driven programming style based on impera-tively triggered events. An alternative approach can be found in aspect-oriented programming, which defines events as declarative queries over implicitly available events. This helps to localize definition of events and avoid preplanning, but lacks a clean integration with object-oriented features and principles. The contribution of this paper is a concept of object-oriented events that combines imperative, declarative and implicit events and provides their seamless integration with object-oriented features, preserving encapsulation and modular reasoning. We present an efficient and type-safe implementation of the concept as an extension to the SCALA language. 1.
Recollection and familiarity deficits in amnesia: Convergence of remember-know, process dissociation, and receiver operating characteristic data. (1998)

Previous studies using the process dissociation and the remember-know procedures led to conflicting conclusions regarding the effects of anterograde amnesia on recollection and familiarity. We argue that these apparent contradictions arose because different models were used to interpret the results and because differences in false-alarm rates between groups biased the estimates provided by those models. A reanalysis of those studies with a dual-process signal-detection model that incorporates response bias revealed that amnesia led to a pronounced reduction in recollection and smaller but consistent reduction in familiarity. To test the assumptions of the model and to further assess recognition deficits in amnesics, we examined receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in amnesics and controls. The ROCs of the controls were curved and asymmetrical, whereas those of the amnesics were curved and symmetrical. The results supported the predictions of the model and indicated that amnesia was associated with deficits in both recollection and familiarity.
E-105 Human Endogenous Retroviruses in our Centromeres-Implications for Mycoses Fungoides and HIV (2014)

There are 91 known HERK HML-2 endogenous viruses in the human genome and over 968 solo LTRs. We have discovered 2 new proviral sequences called K111 and K222 which reside in the centromeric and pericentromeric region of the human genome respectively. K111 and K222 can be activated and packaged in viral particles in HIV infection. K222 invaded the higher primate genome over 25 million years ago but lost the 5'LTR and the gag gene during evolution. K222 exists as 1 copy in the chimp, baboon, gorilla and orangutan but has spread to multiple copies to 9 pericentromeres in modern humans. The K111 provirus entered the ancestral genome 6 million years ago. K111 is present in the chimpanzee as 1 copy and spread in the centromeres of modern human by homologus recombination to exist as several hundreds of copies in 15 different human chromosomes. We found that the cell lines HUT78, H9 and H9/ HTLV III, which were used to grow HIV, and were derived from a patient with mycoses fungoides (MF), lacked K111 provirus. In 34 patients with MF, we observed that 11 lacked K111 [“null K111] (32.2%) compared to 11% “null KI111”in 96 modern humans (P < 0.001). “Null K111” patients had more severe disease in the form of Sezary syndrome (Sz), higher mortality and more disseminated disease and fewer plaques and nodules. A patient who had a successful bone marrow transplant to treat Sz, had K111 in her transplanted peripheral blood cells but not in her buccal mucosal cells. Caution should be taken to assure that bone marrow transplants for Sz receive marrow from a K111 positive donor and not a “null” donor. These “null K111” people had no K111 but instead had a K222/K111 recombinant provirus which is unable to make the NP9 gene but may encode a unique gene product from the 3'side of the genome. Using a quantitative measure of K111, MF patients who were not “null K111” had decreased numbers of K111 in their genome. We are now studying disease patterns in “null K111” patients to see if this has other diseases associated with this somewhat uncommon human phenotype.
Prediction of Evaporation Losses in Wet Cooling Towers (2006)

The accurate prediction of all aspects of cooling tower behavior is very important. Accurately predicting evaporation losses is significant because water in cooling towers is cooled primarily through the evaporation of a portion of the circulating water, which causes the concentration of dissolved solids and other impurities to increase. An empirical relation is developed on the basis of ASHRAE's rule of thumb that is simple and accurate with a wide range of applicability. The predicted values are in good agreement with experimental data as well as predictions made by an accurate mathematical model.