gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling and fusing uncertain multi-sensory data (1996)

To develop a Multi-Sensor System (MSS) one has to consider the following three important issues: (1) modeling the uncertainty that exists in the sensory measurements, (2) modeling the cooperation behavior among the sensors, and, finally, (3) developing fusion strategies that recognize both the uncertainty model and the cooperation behavior. In this article we propose a probabilistic approach for modeling the uncertainty and cooperation in sensory teams. We show how the Information Variation measure can be used to capture both the quality of sensory data and the interdependence relationships that might exist between the different sensors. This allows the sensor fusion procedures to avoid the assumption that the observations made by the different sensors are totally independent, an assumption that lessens the applicability of such procedures in many practical situations. We also show how DeGroot's Consensus model can be combined with the Information Variation model to fuse the uncertain sensory data. The proposed approach develops to an approximation of the Bayesian paradigm when the team constitutes more than two sensors. It is the computational burden as well as the difficulty associated with the construction of the exact Bayesian paradigm that motivated the development of this approach. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Vitro Potency and Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Comparison of All-D-Enantiomeric Peptides Developed for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2018)

Diffusible amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are currently presumed to be the most cytotoxic Aβ assembly and held responsible to trigger the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, Aβ oligomers are a prominent target in AD drug development. Previously, we reported on our solely D-enantiomeric peptide D3 and its derivatives as AD drug candidates. Here, we compare one of the most promising D3 derivatives, ANK6, with its tandem version (tANK6), and its head-to-tail cyclized isoform (cANK6r). In vitro tests investigating the D-peptides' potencies to inhibit Aβ aggregation, eliminate Aβ oligomers, and reduce Aβ-induced cytotoxicity revealed that all three D-peptides efficiently target Aβ. Subsequent preclinical pharmacokinetic studies of the three all-D-peptides in wildtype mice showed promising blood-brain barrier permeability with cANK6r yielding the highest levels in brain. The peptides' potencies to lower Aβ toxicity and their remarkable brain/plasma ratios make them promising AD drug candidates.
Extracting noise-robust features from audio data (2002)

A key problem faced by audio identification, classification, and retrieval systems is the mapping of high-dimensional audio input data into informative lower-dimensional feature vectors. This paper explores an automatic dimensionality reduction algorithm called Distortion Discriminant Analysis (DDA). Each layer of DDA projects its input into directions which maximize the SNR for a given set of distortions. Multiple layers efficiently extract features over a wide temporal window. The audio input to DDA undergoes perceptually-relevant preprocessing and de-equalization, to further suppress distortions. We apply DDA to the task of identifying audio clips in an incoming audio stream, based on matching stored audio fingerprints. We show excellent test results on matching input fingerprints against 36 hours of stored audio data.
High-Generation Amphiphilic Janus-Dendrimers as Stabilizing Agents for Drug Suspensions (2018)

Pharmaceutical nanosuspensions are formed when drug crystals are suspended in aqueous media in the presence of stabilizers. This technology offers a convenient way to enhance the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drug compounds. The stabilizers exert their action through electrostatic or steric interactions, however, the molecular requirements of stabilizing agents have not been studied extensively. Here, four structurally related amphiphilic Janus-dendrimers were synthesized and screened to determine the roles of different macromolecular domains on the stabilization of drug crystals. Physical interaction and nanomilling experiments have substantiated that Janus-dendrimers with fourth generation hydro- philic dendrons were superior to third generation analogues and Poloxamer 188 in stabilizing indomethacin suspensions. Contact angle and surface plasmon resonance measurements support the hypothesis that Janus-dendrimers bind to indomethacin surfaces via hydrophobic interactions and that the number of hydrophobic alkyl tails determines the adsorption kinetics of the Janus-dendrimers. The results showed that amphiphilic Janus-dendrimers adsorb onto drug particles and thus can be used to provide steric stabilization against aggregation and recrystallization. The modular synthetic route for new amphiphilic Janus-dendrimers offers, thus, for the first time a versatile platform for stable general-use stabilizing agents of drug suspensions.
Thermally stable bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide salts and their mixtures (2016)

The investigated salts form a eutectic mixture which melts below 100 °C, and surface analysis shows the depletion of phosphonium cations.
Metoprolol and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Does Intraoperative Metoprolol Attenuate Acute ??-Adrenergic Receptor Desensitization During Cardiac Surgery? (2004)

We investigated whether IV metoprolol given during cardiac surgery attenuates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) desensitization. Although metoprolol did not reduce beta AR desensitization, the incidence of supraventricular arrhythmias was reduced by 75% in patients receiving 20 mg or 30 mg metoprolol.
Humeral Bone Loss in Revision Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: the Proximal Humeral Arthroplasty Revision Osseous inSufficiency (PHAROS) Classification System (2018)

Level III, diagnostic study.
An Intra-Cavity Fiber Frequency Shifter, Phase Conjugator (1995)

We report enhanced four wave mixing in fiber by interacting a signal with high optical power recirculating within a Yb/Er doped fiber laser cavity. A conversion efficiency of 0dB was observed for a shift of 9.8nm and a maximum shift of 63nm was observed with an efficiency of −28dB.
Microglial Cells Contribute to Endogenous Brain Defenses after Acute Neonatal Focal Stroke (2011)

Macrophages are viewed as amplifiers of ischemic brain injury, but the origin of injury-producing macrophages is poorly defined. The role of resident brain macrophages-microglial cells-in stroke remains controversial. To determine whether microglial cells exert injurious effects after neonatal focal stroke, we selectively depleted these cells with intracerebral injection of liposome-encapsulated clodronate before transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in postnatal day 7 rats. Phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons by activated microglia was poor in animals with unmanipulated microglia, and depletion of these cells did not increase the number of apoptotic neurons. Lack of microglia increased the brain levels of several cytokines and chemokines already elevated by ischemia-reperfusion, and also increased the severity and volume of injury, suggesting that microglial cells contribute to endogenous protection during the subacute injury phase. Then, to determine whether accumulation of reactive oxygen species in microglia adversely affects phagocytosis of dying neurons and contributes to injury, we delivered reduced glutathione (GSH) into microglia, again using liposomes. Remarkably, pharmacologically increased intracellular GSH concentrations in microglia induced superoxide accumulation in lipid rafts in these cells, further increased the brain levels of macrophage chemoattractants, and exacerbated injury. Together, these data show that microglia are part of the endogenous defense mechanisms and that, while antioxidants can protect the injured neonatal brain, high levels of reducing equivalents in activated microglia, GSH, trigger superoxide production, favor the reorganization of lipids, amplify local inflammation and exacerbate injury.
Barriers to the effective treatment of sepsis: antimicrobial agents, sepsis definitions, and host‐directed therapies (2014)

Sepsis is a complex clinical syndrome involving both infection and a deleterious host immune response. Antimicrobial agents are key elements of sepsis treatment, yet despite great strides in antimicrobial development in the last decades, sepsis continues to be associated with unacceptably high mortality (~30%). This is the result, on one hand, of the rise of antimicrobial resistant organisms and, on the other hand, of the dearth of effective host-directed immune therapies. A major obstacle to the development of good host-directed therapies is the lack of understanding of the host immune response. The problem is exacerbated by poor nonspecific clinical definitions of disease. Poor definitions have had a profound impact on sepsis research, from epidemiologic studies to the failed clinical trials of host-directed therapies. Therefore, better definitions must be developed to enable advancement in the field.
The Effect of Different Polishing Systems on Surface Roughness and Gloss of Various Resin Composites (2007)

The nanofill (Supreme) and minifill (Esthet-X) composites presented a surface roughness comparable to a microfill (Durafill), independent of the polishing system used, and a gloss comparable to a microfill, when polished with a one-step system (Pogo). As compared with the multiple-step systems, the smoothest surfaces and the highest gloss values were achieved using the one-step system (Pogo) for all the evaluated composites.
A minimally coloured dioxypyrrole polymer as a counter electrode material in polymeric electrochromic window devices (2012)

As the colour palette of solution processable electrochromic conjugated polymers has extended from hues of purple and blue to vibrant colours such as yellow, orange, red, green, and cyan, the need for a counter electrode material that provides charge balance in electrochromic devices, but lends minimal colour, has become increasingly necessary. Nowhere is this more true than in absorptive/transmissive window-type devices where a high level of transparency and near colourlessness is needed in the device bleached state. This argument can also be extended to absorptive/reflective display-type devices where an “on” (coloured) and “off” (bleached or white) state is desired. Here, we report the development of a highly electroactive, low colouration efficiency propylenedioxypyrrole-based polymer that exhibits a low redox potential and minimal colour saturation in both fully neutralised and fully oxidised states. Thin films of the polymer, spray-cast onto transparent electrodes exhibited relatively low composite colouration efficiencies at 555 nm of 35 cm2C−1, contrasted with the the high colouration efficiency ECP-Magenta that exhibits 633 cm2C−1. We further demonstrate the utilisation of this polymer as an effective charge balancing counter electrode material in an absorptive/transmissive window-type device wherein the vibrantly coloured state and highly transmissive, near colourless bleached state of ECP-Magenta is maintained giving an overall device contrast of 61% at 540 nm.
Bridging non-human primate correlates of protection to reassess the Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed booster schedule in humans (2015)

Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA, BioThrax) is approved for use in humans as a priming series of 3 intramuscular (i.m.) injections (0, 1, 6 months; 3-IM) with boosters at 12 and 18 months, and annually thereafter for those at continued risk of infection. A reduction in AVA booster frequency would lessen the burden of vaccination, reduce the cumulative frequency of vaccine associated adverse events and potentially expand vaccine coverage by requiring fewer doses per schedule. Because human inhalation anthrax studies are neither feasible nor ethical, AVA efficacy estimates are determined using cross-species bridging of immune correlates of protection (COP) identified in animal models. We have previously reported that the AVA 3-IM priming series provided high levels of protection in non-human primates (NHP) against inhalation anthrax for up to 4 years after the first vaccination. Penalized logistic regressions of those NHP immunological data identified that anti-protective antigen (anti-PA) IgG concentration measured just prior to infectious challenge was the most accurate single COP. In the present analysis, cross-species logistic regression models of this COP were used to predict probability of survival during a 43 month study in humans receiving the current 3-dose priming and 4 boosters (12, 18, 30 and 42 months; 7-IM) and reduced schedules with boosters at months 18 and 42 only (5-IM), or at month 42 only (4-IM). All models predicted high survival probabilities for the reduced schedules from 7 to 43 months. The predicted survival probabilities for the reduced schedules were 86.8% (4-IM) and 95.8% (5-IM) at month 42 when antibody levels were lowest. The data indicated that 4-IM and 5-IM are both viable alternatives to the current AVA pre-exposure prophylaxis schedule.
Efficient Chemical Synthesis of CMP-Neu5Ac and CMP-(Neu5Ac.alpha.2.fwdarw.8Neu5Ac) (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEfficient Chemical Synthesis of CMP-Neu5Ac and CMP-(Neu5Ac.alpha.2.fwdarw.8Neu5Ac)Yasuhiro Kajihara, Takashi Ebata, Koshi Koseki, Hisashi Kodama, Hajime Matsushita, and Hironobu HashimotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 17, 5732–5735Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00122a076https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00122a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mesoscale structure of chiral nematic shells (2016)

There is considerable interest in understanding and controlling topological defects in nematic liquid crystals (LCs). Confinement, in the form of droplets, has been particularly effective in that regard. Here, we employ a Landau–de Gennes formalism to explore the geometrical frustration of nematic order in shell geometries, and focus on chiral materials. By varying the chirality and thickness in uniform shells, we construct a phase diagram that includes tetravalent structures, bipolar structures (BS), bent structures and radial spherical structures (RSS). It is found that, in uniform shells, the BS-to-RSS structural transition, in response to both chirality and shell geometry, is accompanied by an abrupt change of defect positions, implying a potential use for chiral nematic shells as sensors. Moreover, we investigate thickness heterogeneity in shells and demonstrate that non-chiral and chiral nematic shells exhibit distinct equilibrium positions of their inner core that are governed by shell chirality c.
Self‐Assembled Collagen Microparticles by Aerosol as a Versatile Platform for Injectable Anisotropic Materials (2019)

Extracellular matrices (ECM) rich in type I collagen exhibit characteristic anisotropic ultrastructures. Nevertheless, working in vitro with this biomacromolecule remains challenging. When processed, denaturation of the collagen molecule is easily induced in vitro avoiding proper fibril self-assembly and further hierarchical order. Here, an innovative approach enables the production of highly concentrated injectable collagen microparticles, based on collagen molecules self-assembly, thanks to the use of spray-drying process. The versatility of the process is shown by performing encapsulation of secretion products of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (gMSCs), which are chosen as a bioactive therapeutic product for their potential efficiency in stimulating the regeneration of a damaged ECM. The injection of collagen microparticles in a cell culture medium results in a locally organized fibrillar matrix. The efficiency of this approach for making easily handleable collagen microparticles for encapsulation and injection opens perspectives in active tissue regeneration and 3D bioprinted scaffolds.
Search for Quantum Black Hole Production in High-Invariant-MassLepton+JetFinal States UsingppCollisions ats=8  TeVand the ATLAS Detector (2014)

This Letter presents a search for quantum black-hole production using 20.3 fb-1 of data collected with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at the LHC at √s = 8 TeV. The quantum black holes are assumed to decay into a final state characterized by a lepton (electron or muon) and a jet. In either channel, no event with a lepton-jet invariant mass of 3.5 TeV or more is observed, consistent with the expected background. Limits are set on the product of cross sections and branching fractions for the lepton+jet final states of quantum black holes produced in a search region for invariant masses above 1 TeV. The combined 95% confidence level upper limit on this product for quantum black holes with threshold mass above 3.5 TeV is 0.18 fb. This limit constrains the threshold quantum black-hole mass to be above 5.3 TeV in the model considered.
Marine Bio-Nanotechnology: High-Performance Materials from Sponge Silicatein - eScholarship (2007)

We recently discovered the molecular mechanism by which a common California marine sponge synthesizes the fiberglass-like structures that form the internal skeleton of this simple marine animal. Our goals are: (1) to harness the proteins and molecular mechanisms that control this synthesis to make valuable semiconductors inexpensively under environmentally friendly conditions; and (2) to use this new approach to develop, low-cost, high-efficiency solar energy converters and other practical electronic applications. Training of students in the unique interdisciplinary approach of this project, combining new developments in biotechnology, advanced instrumentation, and materials engineering to produce advanced high-performance materials, also is a major objective of our project.
Anpassning av bithastighet för mobil video (2010)

The last few years mobile devices have become more and more powerful and with larger and more colorful displays. This has paved the way for delivering high video quality forthese devices. Every year each of the big mobile manufacturers, Samsung, Sony, HTC and so on, release numerous devices - each with different technical specifications. Some of them follows most of the standards, most of them follows some of the standards. This never ending flow of new devices with varying amount of standards followed combines to fragmenting the market in a way that makes it extremely difficult to support different devices when developing mobile clients or mobile web sites. This fragmentation also makes it diffcult to deliver the best possible video quality to each individual device. This thesis proposes a way of combined approaches to find out the available bandwidth for a specific device, and thus be able to adapt the video bit-rate. The different techniques which winded up in the final solutions consists of values found in HTTP headers as well as values parsed from a User-Agent Profile of a device, but also of more protocol specific solutions: iPhone Live Streaming, MBR ASF and a modification to Darwin Streaming Server. As a final fallback a small sample image was downloaded before the video was requested to provide an approximate measurement of the available bandwidth. The solution proposed in this thesis covers three delivery methods used; MMS, RTSP and progressive download. A switch in bit-rate will not happen in all cases, however, the solution will improve the user experience for many users.
A 45 nm CMOS-SOI Monolithic Photonics Platform With Bit-Statistics-Based Resonant Microring Thermal Tuning (2016)

The microring resonator is critical for dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) chip-to-chip optical I/O, enabling modulation and channel selection at the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\upmu\text{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula> -scale suitable for a VLSI chip. Microring-based links, however, require active tuning to counteract process and thermo-optic variations. Here, we present a bit-statistical tuner that decouples tracking of optical one- and zero-levels to realize non-dc-balanced data transmission, an “eye-max”-locking controller, and self-heating cancellation without need for a high-speed sensing frontend. We implement the tuner on a 45 nm CMOS-SOI process with monolithically integrated photonic devices and circuits. The tuner consumes 0.74 mW in the logic while achieving a record 524 GHz ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula> 50 K temperature) tuning range at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.8\;\upmu\text{W/GHz}$</tex-math></inline-formula> heater efficiency. To our knowledge, this is the highest range and heater efficiency reported by an on-chip closed-loop thermal tuner to date. The tuner integrates with a 5 Gb/s 30 fJ/bit monolithic microring transmitter, achieving wavelength-lock and immunity to both tracking failures and self-heating events caused by arbitrary, non-dc-balanced bitstreams. In addition, the tuner provides critical functionality for an 11- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda$</tex-math></inline-formula> DWDM transmitter macro capable of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$11\ \times\ 8$</tex-math></inline-formula> Gb/s bandwidth on a fiber. Together with the transmitter, a 10 Gb/s on-chip monolithic optical receiver with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-{\textbf{12}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> BER sensitivity of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$9\;\upmu\text{A}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at 10 Gb/s enables a sub-pJ/bit 5 Gb/s optical chip-to-chip link, with the bit-statistical tuner providing thermally robust microring operation.