gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-18 Regulation of Interferon γ Production and Cell Proliferation as Shown in Interleukin-1β–Converting Enzyme (Caspase-1)-Deficient Mice (1998)

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a costimulatory factor for interferonγ (IFNγ) production. Processing of pro–IL-18 by IL-1β–converting enzyme (ICE) leads to the release of bioactive IL-18. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, splenocytes from ICE-deficient mice produced low IFNγ after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or zymosan (50% and 80% reduction). In contrast, IFNγ production was unimpaired in ICE-deficient mice using Concanavalin A (Con A). Comparable results were obtained when endogenous IL-18 was blocked with a neutralizing antibody. LPS-induced IFNγ was also reduced by an ICE inhibitor. Exogenous IL-18 augmented zymosan-induced IFNγ production in WT mice. In ICE-deficient cells, IFNγ production was only partially restored by IL-18. The reduced levels of IFNγ in ICE-deficient mice were not due to a lack of IL-12, because zymosan induced IL-12 equally in WT and in ICE-deficient mice. IFNγ is an important regulator of cell proliferation. In accordance, splenocytes from ICE-deficient mice proliferated more when stimulated with LPS, but not with Con A. Furthermore, in ovalbumin-sensitized ICE-deficient mice, proliferation of lymph node cells in response to the specific antigen was not altered. Exogenous IFNγ inhibited, whereas blockade of endogenous IFNγ or IL-18 increased, LPS induced splenocyte proliferation both in WT and in ICE-deficient mice. Our results show that IL-18 is an IL-12–independent regulator of IFNγ production and of cell proliferation induced by microbial stimuli. However, ICE-dependent processing of IL-18 is not needed for response to mitogens or antigens.
Atlanto-axial dislocation in acute rheumatic fever (1987)

A 10-year-old boy had a sore throat, followed in 4 weeks by acute rheumatic fever and in 6 weeks by atlanto-axial dislocation. Reduction of the dislocation by means of a halo vest relieved his pain, but the cervical spine remained unstable after 3 months of immobilization and required an occiput-C1-2 fusion and rib graft to stabilize the atlanto-axial joint. This is the eighth reported case of atlanto-axial dislocation associated with acute rheumatic fever. The features of previous cases are summarized and the clinical aspects, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of atlanto-axial dislocation are reviewed.
Real-time Data Driven Precision Estimator for RAVEN-II Surgical Robot End Effector Position (2019)

Surgical robots have been introduced to operating rooms over the past few decades due to their high sensitivity, small size, and remote controllability. The cable-driven nature of many surgical robots allows the systems to be dexterous and lightweight, with diameters as low as 5mm. However, due to the slack and stretch of the cables and the backlash of the gears, inevitable uncertainties are brought into the kinematics calculation. Since the reported end effector position of surgical robots like RAVEN-II is directly calculated using the motor encoder measurements and forward kinematics, it may contain relatively large error up to 10mm, whereas semi-autonomous functions being introduced into abdominal surgeries require position inaccuracy of at most 1mm. To resolve the problem, a cost-effective, real-time and data-driven pipeline for robot end effector position precision estimation is proposed and tested on RAVEN-II. Analysis shows an improved end effector position error of around 1mm RMS traversing through the entire robot workspace without high-resolution motion tracker.
Genome-wide Analysis Identifies Interleukin-10 mRNA as Target of Tristetraprolin (2008)

Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA-binding protein required for the rapid degradation of mRNAs containing AU-rich elements. Targets regulated by TTP include the mRNAs encoding tumor necrosis factor-alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and immediate early response 3. To identify novel target mRNAs of TTP in macrophages, we used a genome-wide approach that combines RNA immunoprecipitation and microarray analysis. A list was compiled of 137 mRNAs that are associated with TTP with an estimated accuracy on the order of 90%. Sequence analysis revealed a highly significant enrichment of AU-rich element motifs, with AUUUA pentamers present in 96% and UUAUUUAUU nonamers present in 44% of TTP-associated mRNAs. We further show that IL-10 is a novel target regulated by TTP. IL-10 mRNA levels were found to be elevated because of a reduced decay rate in primary macrophages from TTP(-/-) mice. Our study demonstrates the importance of experimental approaches for identifying targets of RNA-binding proteins.
Transport and Magnetic Anisotropy in CMR Thin Film La1-xCaxMnO3 (x ? 1/3) Induced by a Film-Substrate Interaction (2001)

We present a study of anisotropy of transport and magnetic properties in a La1–xCaxMnO3 (x ≈ 1/3) film prepared by pulsed-laser deposition onto a LaAlO3 substrate. We found a non-monotonic dependence of magnetoresistance (MR) on magnetic field H for both H perpendicular and parallel to the film plane but perpendicular to the current. In the longitudinal geometry (when H is parallel to both the current and the film plane) the MR was negative at all fields below 20 kOe, as expected for colossal-magnetoresistance manganites. This rather complex behavior of MR manifests itself at rather low temperatures, far below the Curie temperature Tc, which was close to room temperature. Two main sources of MR anisotropy in the film have been considered in the explanation of the results: (1) the existence of preferential directions of magnetization (due to strains stemming from the lattice film–substrate mismatch or other reasons); (2) dependence of resistance on the angle between current and the magnetization, which is inherent in ferromagnets. The transport and magnetic properties of the film correspond well to this view. In particular, the following angle dependence of MR is found: R(θ)/R(0) = 1 + δan(T, H) sin 2θ (where θ is the angle between the field and current directions in the plane normal to the film but parallel to the current). The temperature and magnetic field dependences of δan(T, H) were recorded and analyzed. A clear magnetization anisotropy, that generally favors the magnetization in the film plane is also found. At the same time the recorded magnetization curves (as well as the MR data) indicate, that the film crystal structure should be inhomogeneous in such a way that various parts of the films have non-identical magnetic properties (with different directions of spontaneous magnetization). This hypothesis is supported by X-ray diffraction which revealed that the film is inhomogeneous in strain, lattice parameter and lattice orientation. This peculiar macroscopic-scale disorder is caused by a film–substrate interaction. The possible reasons for formation of such structure and its effect on MR anisotropy are considered.
Statistical design for variation tolerance: key to continued Moore's law (2004)

Future high performance microprocessor design with technology scaling beyond 90nm will face a major challenge - parameter variations. Design practice will have to change from deterministic design to statistical design for variation tolerance. This paper discusses process, voltage and temperature variations, and their impact on circuits and microarchitecture. Possible solutions to reduce the impact of parameter variations on digital and analog circuits, and to achieve higher target frequencies are also presented.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Progressive Chromatin Repression and Promoter Methylation of <i>CTNNA1</i> Associated with Advanced Myeloid Malignancies (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Progressive Chromatin Repression and Promoter Methylation of &lt;i&gt;CTNNA1&lt;/i&gt; Associated with Advanced Myeloid Malignancies
Organic Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates: Versatile Intermediates in Agrochemistry (2021)

Abstract In recent decades, organic isocyanates and isothiocyanates have been often applied as reactive intermediates in research syntheses or manufacturing routes of many agrochemicals. These heterocumulenes allowed the installation of crucial carboxylic functions, such as carbamates, ureas, and semicarbazones, but have also been used for the construction of five- and six-membered heterocycles, such as tetrazolones, thiazoles, and uracils. 1 Introduction 2 Preparation of Carboxylic Acid Functions 3 Preparation of Heterocyclic Rings 4 Conclusion
Information technology for healthcare transformation (2011)

Rising costs, decreasing quality of care, diminishing productivity, and increasing complexity have all contributed to the present state of the healthcare industry. The interactions between payers (e.g., insurance companies and health plans) and providers (e.g., hospitals and laboratories) are growing and are becoming more complicated. The constant upsurge in and enhanced complexity of diagnostic and treatment information has made the clinical decision-making process more difficult. Medical transaction charges are greater than ever. Population-specific financial requirements are increasing the economic burden on the entire system. Medical insurance and identity theft frauds are on the rise. The current lack of comparative cost analytics hampers systematic efficiency. Redundant and unnecessary interventions add to medical expenditures that add no value. Contemporary payment models are antithetic to outcome-driven medicine. The rate of medical errors and mistakes is high. Slow inefficient processes and the lack of best practice support for care delivery do not create productive settings. Information technology has an important role to play in approaching these problems. This paper describes IBM Research's approach to helping address these issues, i.e., the evidence-based healthcare platform.
Follicular B Helper T Cells Express Cxc Chemokine Receptor 5, Localize to B Cell Follicles, and Support Immunoglobulin Production (2000)

Chemokines and their receptors have been identified as major regulators controlling the functional organization of secondary lymphoid organs. Here we show that expression of CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5), a chemokine receptor required for B cell homing to B cell follicles, defines a novel subpopulation of B helper T cells localizing to follicles. In peripheral blood these cells coexpress CD45RO and the T cell homing CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). In secondary lymphoid organs, CD4(+)CXCR5(+) cells lose expression of CCR7, which allows them to localize to B cell follicles and germinal centers where they express high levels of CD40 ligand (CD40L), a costimulatory molecule required for B cell activation and inducible costimulator (ICOS), a recently identified costimulatory molecule of the CD28 family. Thus, when compared with CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CXCR5(-) cells, CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CXCR5(+) tonsillar T cells efficiently support the production of immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG. In contrast, analysis of the memory response revealed that long-lasting memory cells are found within the CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CXCR5(-) population, suggesting that CXCR5(+)CD4 cells represent recently activated effector cells. Based on the characteristic localization within secondary lymphoid organs, we suggest to term these cells "follicular B helper T cells" (T(FH)).
Benzoxazine based prepregs as advanced material for thermal and fire protection of organic composites (2019)

International audience
Altered Expression of Small-Conductance Ca 2+ -Activated K + (SK3) Channels Modulates Arterial Tone and Blood Pressure (2003)

The endothelium is a critical regulator of vascular tone, and dysfunction of the endothelium contributes to numerous cardiovascular pathologies. Recent studies suggest that apamin-sensitive, small-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ channels may play an important role in active endothelium-dependent vasodilations, and expression of these channels may be altered in disease states characterized by vascular dysfunction. Here, we used a transgenic mouse (SK3T/T) in which SK3 expression levels can be manipulated with dietary doxycycline (DOX) to test the hypothesis that the level of expression of the SK subunit, SK3, in endothelial cells alters arterial function and blood pressure. SK3 protein was elevated in small mesenteric arteries from SK3T/T mice compared with wild-type mice and was greatly suppressed by dietary DOX. SK3 was detected in the endothelium and not in the smooth muscle by immunohistochemistry. In whole-cell patch-clamp experiments, SK currents in endothelial cells from SK3T/T mice were almost completely suppressed by dietary DOX. In intact arteries, SK3 channels contributed to sustained hyperpolarization of the endothelial membrane potential, which was communicated to the arterial smooth muscle. Pressure- and phenylephrine-induced constrictions of SK3T/T arteries were substantially enhanced by treatment with apamin, suppression of SK3 expression with DOX, or removal of the endothelium. In addition, suppression of SK3 expression caused a pronounced and reversible elevation of blood pressure. These results indicate that endothelial SK3 channels exert a profound, tonic, hyperpolarizing influence in resistance arteries and suggest that the level of SK3 channel expression in endothelial cells is a fundamental determinant of vascular tone and blood pressure.
Composite antennas for low-frequency gravitational radiation (1988)

Four types of composite torsion antennas for low-frequency gravitational radiation have been developed and tested at low temperature. They exhibited high quality factors comparable with that of a single-piece antenna. These experiments suggest a large-scale composite antenna may be built and retain a high quality factor.
Wireless broadband technologies for regional and rural Australia: a last-mile perspective WiMAX: A first step towards 4G (2017)

No description provided Copyright © 2008 AHM Razibul Islam, Niloufer Selvadurai and Graham Town. No part of this article may be reproduced by any means without the written consent of the publisher.
Free‐radical polymerization of urea, acrylic acid, and glycerol in aqueous solutions (2015)

The main objective of the present study is to produce copolymers of urea, acrylic acid, and glycerol through aqueous solution free‐radical polymerizations and analyze the structural, thermal, rheological, and release properties of the obtained materials. To do this, aqueous solution copolymerizations were performed in different reaction conditions and the obtained copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, rheological analyses, thermogravimetry, gel permeation chromatography, and rates of urea release in distilled water. The obtained results indicate that all constituents of the reacting mixture (potassium persulfate, glycerol, urea, and acrylic acid) affect the characteristics of the produced copolymers. In particular, it is shown that urea can be incorporated into the final copolymer through the proposed reaction scheme, that glycerol promotes crosslinking of polymer chains and that the obtained copolymer materials can be used in agricultural applications. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1219–1229, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
Abstract 17312: Chemokine Receptor Down-regulation is Associated With Worse 1 Year Survival in Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) Patients (2016)

Introduction: LVADs are approved for use both as Bridge To Transplant (BTT) and Destination Therapy in advanced heart failure. Current INTERMACS data reports 1 year survival with continuous flow de...
Studies on Ergothioneine. IX. Ergothioneine Stimulates Mouse Spermatozoa and Fertilization in vitro (1984)

The effects of ergothioneine on spermatozoa and ova were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Spermatozoa were treated with ergothioneine in vitro, and injected into the uterine cavity of female mice immediately after the induction of superovulation. The ova were recovered 24 hr later and assessed for fertilization. Preincubation of spermatozoa with ergothioneine resulted in a significant increase in the fertilization rate. When ova were inseminated in the same manner in vitro with spermatozoa treated with 0.1 or 1.0 mM of ergothioneine, the penetration rate was significantly increased. These results suggest that ergothioneine is effective in inducing both capacitation and the acrosome reaction of mouse spermatozoa. Ergothioneine at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 mM in the preincubation medium was also effective in inducing the acrosome reaction of guinea pig spermatozoa. However, it had no significant effect on the development of 2-cell ova in vitro.
Identification of tissue-infiltrating lymphocytes expressing PEN5, a mucin-like glycoprotein selectively expressed on natural killer cells. (1995)

PEN5 is a carbohydrate epitope selectively expressed on peripheral blood natural killer cells. We have used a monoclonal antibody reactive with PEN5 to survey the expression of PEN5+ large granule lymphocytes in a variety of human tissues. PEN5+ cells are scattered throughout lymphoid (eg, lymph node, tonsil, thymus, spleen, and intestine) and nonlymphoid (eg, liver, esophagus, lung, and uterus) organs. Due to their relatively abundant cytoplasm, these cells are somewhat larger than resting tissue lymphocytes. The majority of splenic (87 +/- 13%, n = 5) and hepatic (92 +/- 6%, n = 5) PEN5+ lymphocytes coexpress TIA-1, a cytotoxic granule protein found in natural killer cells. In some tissues (eg, tonsil and Peyer's patch), however, relatively few PEN5+ lymphocytes coexpress TIA-1, possibly reflecting different stages of activation or differentiation. Our results indicate that PEN5 may be a useful marker of tissue-infiltrating natural killer cells and reveal these cells to be surprisingly abundant in lymphoid tissues.
Exposure of Distal Radius Fractures Using a Direct Radial Approach With Mobilization of the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve (2010)

Extraarticular and simple intraarticular fractures and malunions of the distal radius can be addressed through a direct radial approach that entails careful and meticulous handling of the soft tissues. This approach involves mobilization of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) and extensor tendons of the first dorsal compartment. A Type I SBRN pattern is when the nerve presents as a single bundle. In Type II pattern, there are 2 major nerve groups present. With Type II branching patterns of the SBRN, careful intraneural dissection is required to mobilize the nerve branches into a safe location during surgery. The primary advantage of this approach is the ease of surgical dissection and avoidance of the flexor tendons of the fingers during surgery.
Algebra structures onhom(C,L) (2000)

We consider the space of linear maps from a coassociative coalgebra C into a Lie algebra L. Unless C has a cocommutative coproduct, the usual symmetry properties of the induced bracket on Hom(C, L) fail to hold. We define the concept of twisted domain (TD) algebras in order to recover the symmetries and also construct a modified Chevalley-Eilenberg complex in order to define the cohomology of such algebras.
Transition of differential histone H3 methylation in photoreceptors and other retinal cells during retinal differentiation (2016)

To analyze cell lineage-specific transitions in global transcriptional and epigenetic changes during retinogenesis, we purified retinal cells from normal mice during postnatal development into two fractions, namely, photoreceptors and other retinal cells, based on Cd73 expression, and performed RNA sequencing and ChIP sequencing of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. Genes expressed in the photoreceptor lineage were marked with H3K4me3 in the Cd73-positive cell fraction; however, the level of H3K27me3 was very low in both Cd73-positive and -negative populations. H3K27me3 may be involved in spatio-temporal onset of a subset of bipolar-related genes. Subsets of genes expressed in amacrine and retinal ganglion cells, which are early-born retinal cell types, were suggested to be maintained in a silent state by H3K27me3 during late-stage retinogenesis. In the outer nuclear layer, upregulation of Rho and rod-related genes were observed in Ezh2-ablated retina, suggesting a role for H3K27me3 in the maintenance of proper expression levels. Taken together, our data on the transition of lineage-specific molecular signatures during development suggest that histone methylation is involved in retinal differentiation and maintenance through cell lineage-specific mechanisms.
Nerve excitability properties in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (2003)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is commonly considered a prototype of a hereditary demyelinating polyneuropathy. Apart from the myelin involvement, there has been little information on axonal membrane properties in this condition. Taking advantage of the uniform nature of the disease process, we undertook the in vivo assessment of multiple axonal excitability properties at the median nerve in nine CMT1A patients with PMP22 (peripheral myelin protein 22) gene duplication and 53 controls. The thresholds of CMT1A patients were much higher than normal, and threshold electrotonus (TE) exhibited a consistent pattern of abnormalities: early steep changes (fanning out) of both hyperpolarizing and depolarizing responses were followed by increased inward rectification to hyperpolarizing currents and unusually fast accommodation to depolarizing currents. Strength-duration time constants and the shapes of recovery cycles were normal, although refractoriness and superexcitability were reduced relative to controls. The high thresholds and early fanning out of electrotonus indicated altered cable properties, such that a greater proportion than normal of applied currents reached internodal rather than nodal axolemma. The rapid accommodation to depolarizing currents suggested activation of fast K+ channels, which are normally sequestered from the nodal membrane. The excitability abnormalities are therefore consistent with a demyelinating pathology and exposure or spread of K+ channels from under the myelin. It remains to be seen whether the TE abnormalities in CMT1A, which resemble previous recordings from normal immature rats, can be distinguished from those in acquired demyelinating neuropathies.
Anesthesia ventilators (2014)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Optimized temporal pattern of brain stimulation designed by computational evolution (2017)

Brain stimulation is a promising therapy for several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Stimulation parameters are selected empirically and are limited to the frequency and intensity of stimulation. We varied the temporal pattern of deep brain stimulation to ameliorate symptoms in a parkinsonian animal model and in humans with Parkinson's disease. We used model-based computational evolution to optimize the stimulation pattern. The optimized pattern produced symptom relief comparable to that from standard high-frequency stimulation (a constant rate of 130 or 185 Hz) and outperformed frequency-matched standard stimulation in a parkinsonian rat model and in patients. Both optimized and standard high-frequency stimulation suppressed abnormal oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia of rats and humans. The results illustrate the utility of model-based computational evolution of temporal patterns to increase the efficiency of brain stimulation in treating Parkinson's disease and thereby reduce the energy required for successful treatment below that of current brain stimulation paradigms.