gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance elastography to study the effect of amyloid plaque accumulation in a mouse model (2022)

Aging had region-specific effects on cerebral viscoelasticity, namely, WB softening and hippocampal stiffening. Amyloid plaque deposition may have sex-specific effects, which require further scrutiny.
Genetic Engineering of Meniscal Allografts (2002)

Allograft meniscal transplantation represents one of the few available treatment options after menisectomy. Despite acceptable early results, a considerable controversy exists with regard to poor graft regeneration, shrinkage and biomechanical failure of transplanted menisci. Transfer of specific growth factor genes may improve the regeneration process of meniscal allografts. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of gene transfer in meniscal allografts in rabbits. Four different viral vectors encoding marker genes, including lacZ, luciferase, and green fluorescence protein were used to investigate viral transduction in 50 lapine menisci for 4 weeks in vitro. Subsequently, 16 unilateral meniscus replacements were performed with ex vivo retrovirally transduced meniscal allografts, and the expression of the lacZ gene was examined histologically at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after transplantation. Gene expression in the superficial cell layers of the menisci can be detected for up to 4 weeks in vitro, but the level of gene transfer declined over time. The transduction with retrovirus showed better persistence and deep penetration of the menisci with infected cells. In vivo, declining numbers of beta-galactosidase-positive cells were also detected in retrovirally transduced allografts up to 8 weeks. Consistently, transduced cells were found at the menisco-synovial junction of the transplants and in deeper layers of the menisci. There was no evidence of cellular immune response in the transduced transplants. This investigation showed a prospective for growth factor delivery in auto- and allografts. In further experiments, vectors expressing therapeutic proteins such as growth factors will be investigated to assess their potential to improve remodeling and healing of meniscal allografts.
Fragrance release profile from sonochemically prepared protein microsphere containers (2012)

Protein microspheres have been prepared by sonicating a mixture of pure fragrant oil (amyl acetate (AA)) with an aqueous protein (bovine serum albumin) solution. The prepared protein spheres are nano- to micrometer sized with an encapsulation efficiency of approx. 97% for the AA present on the surface and inside the BSA capsule. Containers were found stable for more than 6 months when stored sealed at 4°C and 20°C. For the release profile measurements, we used a simple, automated and direct method. We continuously weighed the encapsulated microspheres and measured the evaporation rates. The release profiles at 15°C and 25°C display two different evaporation rates. The higher rate is the sum of a few evaporation rates, including water molecules, while the slower rate is due to the evaporation of pure AA. The changes in the evaporation rates occur upon the collapse of the container. This event coincides with the full evaporation of water. For morphological characterization we dyed the AA with Nile red, and used SEM, ESEM, Cryo-SEM, light microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements.
New additions to the OMEx team: editorial (2020)

Editor-in-Chief Alexandra Boltasseva introduces new Optical Materials Express Associate Editors Shekhar Guha and Germano Montemezzani.
Development of a wearable for oximetry and patient physical activity correlation (2018)

In this work we show preliminary advance in the development of a low-cost wrist wearable that measures levels of oxygen saturation levels in blood (SpO<sub>2</sub>) and physical activity simultaneously. For the monitoring of SpO<sub>2</sub>, we use pulse oximetry (a non invasive technique) by backscattering detection at the wrist. The device consists in an optoelectronics layer based on two light-emitting diodes (650nm and 960 nm) and a photodiode, a 3-axis gyroscope, a 3-axis accelerometer and a microcontroller capable of data processing and data transmission via bluetooth. In addition to, our sensor allows to save data for later analysis.
Characterization of medium and high flow series 1500 LARC-TPI (1990)

An imidized version of LARC-TPI was developed on NASA's request for use by both aerospace and electronic industries. Two batches of LARC-TPI 1500 Series, consisting of medium-flow and high-flow pellets with different inherent viscosities, are characterized for their dynamic and isothermal melt flow properties at 340 C, mechanical properties of extrudates, extrudate porosity, and degree of crystallinity. The Series shows significantly better melt flow properties than previosly examimed forms of this polymer.
Test of Crowdsourced Smartphones Measurements to Detect GNSS Spoofing and Other Disruptions (2019)

GNSS spoofing is a growing concern due to the increasing use of GNSS in safety and economically important applications. The widespread use of GNSS in these tasks means that GNSS needs to be protected from spoofing in many location. Even with the most basic task of GNSS spoof detection, it is generally difficult and costly to have a rapid and widespread response. An attractive way of addressing the challenge is to harness the most widespread and lowest cost GNSS receivers, those found in smartphones, to help with spoof detection. Further enhancing this potential are the raw GNSS measurements enabled by the latest versions of Android (7.0 and above). The capability and ubiquity of these GNSS receivers along with the connectivity and alternative navigation sources found in smartphone makes a crowdsourced network both powerful and reasonable. This paper examines the potential of these crowdsourced, networked smartphone measurements for spoof detection. Specifically, it focuses on tests of the crowdsourced detection concept using different smartphone measurements and multiple smartphones. It examines several available measurements: 1) position, 2) acceleration (from GNSS and accelerometer), 3) automatic gain control (AGC) and carrier to noise (C/No) levels and 4) pseudo ranges. These are examined on both a standalone and a networked, cross receiver basis. These are examined using measurements taken from laboratory and field tests, including an on air spoofing test.
Reactive hyperemic responses of single arterioles are attenuated markedly after intestinal ischemia, endotoxemia and traumatic shock: possible role of endothelial cells. (1985)

There is at present no agreement as to why several organs in the body are often compromised very early after either blood and fluid loss or sepsis. Close inspection (utilizing electron microscopy) usually reveals that a great many of the endothelial cells (EC) are either destroyed, transformed, or have undergone morphological changes. Since: the intimal lining of blood vessels, i.e., EC, may be important in mediating vasodilator substances and mechanisms; and early in shock and trauma, the peripheral vasculature often over compensates and results in severe ischemia in the splanchnic tract, we wondered whether or not the ability of the arterioles of the rat mesenteric microvasculature to produce reactive hyperemic responses early after ischemia and shock might not be compromised. Although the normal response of arterioles to temporary occlusion is postocclusion hyperemia and vasodilatation, arterioles of rats subjected to bowel ischemia, circulating S. enteritidis endotoxin, or Noble Collip drum trauma exhibited marked inhibition (70-100%) of these responses early after induction of circulatory shock. We are tempted to speculate that the latter is related to the failure of EC to either produce a vasodilator substance(s) or for the released vasodilator substances (in response to the occlusion) to act appropriately on the microvascular smooth muscle cells. Our results may help to shed light on a rationale for multiple organ failure and on why vasodilator therapies often are ineffective in the treatment of circulatory shock and trauma.
A computationally efficient soft-output Lattice Reduction-aided Selective Spanning Sphere Decoder for wireless MIMO systems (2013)

In recent years, the algorithmic optimizations and implementations of near-optimal Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) detectors have been an area of active research. Lattice Reduction (LR) has shown to be a promising technique to improve the performance of linear MIMO detectors. However, LR-aided linear hard-output MIMO detection is still far from optimal. Practical systems use soft-output information to exploit gains from coded systems in order to yield near-optimal performance. In this paper, the LR-aided Selective Spanning Sphere Detection algorithm is proposed as a reduced-complexity candidate list generation method for soft-output MIMO detection, specifically optimized for practical MIMO-OFDM systems. This algorithm uses efficient and scalable heuristics based on simple processor-friendly operations that significantly contribute to lowering the computational complexity of the MIMO detection problem. Results from Monte Carlo simulations reveal that LR-aided SSSD is a promising algorithm that is capable of providing near-optimal performance whilst being especially computationally efficient, in comparison to other algorithms.
On the Selection of Connectivity-Based Metrics for WSNs Using a Classification of Application Behaviour (2010)

This paper addresses a subset of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications in which data is produced by a set of resource-constrained source nodes and forwarded to one or more sink nodes. The performance of such applications is affected by the connectivity of the WSN, since nodes must remain connected in order to transfer data from sources to sinks. Designers use metrics to measure and improve the efficacy of WSN applications. We aim to facilitate the choice of connectivity-based metrics by introducing a classification of WSN applications based on their data collection behaviour and indicating the metrics best suited to the evaluation of particular application classes. We argue that no suitable metric currently exists for a significant class of applications with the following characteristics: (1) application data is periodically routed or disseminated from source nodes to one or more sink nodes, and (2) the application can continue to function with the loss of source nodes although its useful network lifetime diminishes as a result. We present a new metric, known as Connectivity Weighted Transfer, which may be used to evaluate WSN applications with these characteristics.
Role of von Hippel‐Lindau protein in fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis (2011)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by exaggerated fibroblast proliferation and accumulation of collagens and fibronectin. The extracellular fibronectin and collagen network is regulated by von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL). However, it is unknown whether pVHL contributes to pulmonary fibrosis. We found that lungs from patients with IPF expressed increased levels of pVHL in fibroblastic foci. Bleomycin treatment also induced pVHL in lung fibroblasts, but not in alveolar type II cells. Overexpression of pVHL increased lung fibroblast proliferation, protein abundance of fibronectin and collagen, and extracellular fibronectin. In addition, overexpression of pVHL induced expression of the α5 integrin subunit. Overexpression of pVHL did not alter hypoxia-inducible factor luciferase reporter activity and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Fibroblasts overexpressing pVHL were more sensitive to RGD peptide-mediated reduction in proliferation. Activating α5 and β1 integrin increased proliferation of fibroblasts overexpressing pVHL and those cells were more resistant to the inhibition of α5 integrin. Overexpression of pVHL also increased activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Moreover, suppression of pVHL prevented TGF-β1-induced proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Taken together, our results indicate that elevated expression of pVHL results in the aberrant fibronectin expression, activation of integrin/FAK signaling, fibroblast proliferation, and fibrosis.
Cutting Edge: Vasostatin-1–Derived Peptide ChgA29–42 Is an Antigenic Epitope of Diabetogenic BDC2.5 T Cells in Nonobese Diabetic Mice (2011)

Mechanistic and therapeutic insights in autoimmune diabetes would benefit from a more complete identification of relevant autoantigens. BDC2.5 TCR transgenic NOD mice express transgenes for TCR Vα1 and Vβ4 chains from the highly diabetogenic BDC2.5 CD4(+) T cell clone, which recognizes pancreatic β cell membrane Ags presented by NOD I-A(g7) MHC class II molecules. The antigenic epitope of BDC2.5 TCR is absent in β cells that do not express chromogranin A (ChgA) protein. However, characterization of the BDC2.5 epitope in ChgA has given inconclusive results. We have now identified a ChgA29-42 peptide within vasostatin-1, an N-terminal natural derivative of ChgA as the BDC2.5 TCR epitope. Having the necessary motif for binding to I-A(g7), it activates BDC2.5 T cells and induces an IFN-γ response. More importantly, adoptive transfer of naive BDC2.5 splenocytes activated with ChgA29-42 peptide transferred diabetes into NOD/SCID mice.
Direct Measurement of Lithium Transport in Graphite Electrodes with Neutrons (2011)

Abstract not Available.
The Structures of Gd(III) Chelates Conjugated at the Periphery of 3‐(1’‐Hexyloxy)ethyl‐3‐devinylpyropheophorbide‐a (HPPH) Have a Significant Impact on the Imaging and Therapy of Cancer (2020)

3-(1'-Hexyloxyethyl)-3-devinyl-pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH or Photochlor), a tumor-avid chlorophyll-a derivative currently undergoing human clinical trials, was conjugated at various peripheral positions (position-17 or 20) of HPPH with either Gd(III)-aminobenzyl-DTPA (Gd(III) DTPA) or Gd(III)-aminoethylamido-DOTA (Gd(III) DOTA). The corresponding conjugates were evaluated for in vitro PDT efficacy, T<sub>1</sub> , T<sub>2</sub> relaxivities, in vivo fluorescence, and MR imaging under similar treatment parameters. Among these analogs, the water-soluble Gd(III)-aminoethylamido-DOTA linked at position-17 of HPPH, i. e., HPPH-17-Gd(III) DOTA, demonstrated strong potential for tumor imaging by both MR and fluorescence, while maintaining the PDT efficacy in BALB/c mice bearing Colon-26 tumors (7/10 mice were tumor free on day 60). In contrast to Gd(III) DTPA (Magnevist) and Gd(III) DOTA (Dotarem), the HPPH-Gd(III) DOTA retains in the tumor for a long period of time (24 to 48 h) and provides an option of fluorescence-guided cancer therapy. Thus, a single agent can be used for cancer-imaging and therapy. However, further detailed pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological studies of the conjugate are required before initiating Phase I human clinical trials.
VP3: using vertex path and power proximity for energy efficient key distribution (2005)

We study the problem of energy-efficient key distribution for securing multicast communications in wireless ad hoc networks. Recently we showed that a cross-layer design approach for key distribution incorporating network layer (routing) as well as physical layer (energy) parameters leads to energy savings. We also showed that heuristics are needed to reduce the computational complexity. In this paper we show that further reduction in energy expenditure is achieved by assigning common keys to nodes the receive messages from a sender via a common path. We develop a computationally viable heuristic called VP3 that uses codewords to represent paths and groups nodes based on the length of the common path, derived by the Hamming distance between codewords. We also present simulation results to illustrate the improvements achieved by VP3.
The Electronic Structures of Square-Planar Metal Complexes. III. High-Spin Planar Cobalt(I) and Iron(I) (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Electronic Structures of Square-Planar Metal Complexes. III. High-Spin Planar Cobalt(I) and Iron(I)Harry B. Gray and E. BilligCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 13, 2019–2020Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00896a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00896a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views647Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Terahertz spin conductance probes of coherent and incoherent spin tunneling through MgO tunnel junctions (2023)

We study femtosecond spin currents through MgO tunneling barriers in CoFeB(2 nm)|MgO($d$)|Pt(2 nm) stacks by terahertz emission spectroscopy. To obtain transport information independent of extrinsic experimental factors, we determine the complex-valued spin conductance $\tilde{G}_d (ω)$ of the MgO layer (thickness d= 0-6 Å over a wide frequency range $(ω/2π=$ 0.5-8 THz). In the time $(t)$ domain,$ G_d (t)$ has an instantaneous and delayed component that point to (i) spin transport through Pt pinholes in MgO, (ii) coherent spin tunneling and (iii) incoherent resonant spin tunneling mediated by defect states in MgO. A remarkable signature of (iii) is its relaxation time that grows monotonically with $d$ to as much as 270 fs at $d= 6$ Å, in full agreement with an analytical model. Our results indicate that terahertz spin conductance spectroscopy will yield new and relevant insights into ultrafast spin transport for a wide range of materials.
Stable Levitation of Dia- or Paramagnetic Substances by Magneto-Archimedes Levitation. (1999)

We succeeded in making water levitate in air, using not an extreme by strong magnet such as a Bitter - type hybrid magnet, but a compact superconducting magnet. The levitated water ball had a spherical shape and levitated stably for over a day. We named this phenomenon “magneto - Archimedes levitation,” because, to achieve it, we used gravitational and magnetic buoyancy forces in the presence of pressurized oxygen gas. In addition, our method enables paramagnetic substances to levitate in air, which has been considered to be impossible owing to the Maxwell relation, divB = 0. We also succeeded in making paramagnetic aqueous copper sulfate levitate in air. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of stable levitation of paramagnetic substances in the atmosphere.
Influence of Chemical Solvent Properties on the External and Internal Surface Polarity of Silica Particles in Slurry (2002)

Kamlet−Taft's α (hydrogen-bond acidity) and π* (dipolarity/polarizability) parameters of three different silica samples and a siliceous MCM-41 material determined in 17 various solvents are presented. Fe(phen)2(CN)2 [cis-dicyano-bis(1,10)phenanthrolineiron(II), (1)] and Michler's ketone [4,4‘-bis(N,N-dimethylamino)benzophenone, (2)] were used as solvatochromic surface polarity indicators. The UV/vis transmission spectra of the two surface polarity indicators 1 and 2 adsorbed on the silicas from the solvents were measured, and the absorption maxima were used to calculate the α and π* values of the silica surface. α of the silanols on the freely accessible surfaces decreases with increasing HBA (hydrogen-bond accepting) capacity of the solvent whereas the π* term of the solvent only marginally modifies the polarity of the external surface silanol groups. In the mesopores of MCM-41, the UV/vis shift of the solvatochromic dyes shows a different behavior as a function of solvent polarity than that on freely accessible silica surfaces. The dipolarity/polarizability of solvent molecules inside the pores affects significantly the solvatochromic shift of the dye in the pores. The specific polarity properties of the solvent/silica interface at freely accessible surfaces and inside the MCM-41 pores are discussed.
PIKM 2013 (2013)

The PIKM workshop gives Ph.D. students an opportunity to present their dissertation proposals at a global stage. Similarly to the CIKM, the PIKM workshop covers a wide range of topics in the areas of databases, information retrieval and knowledge management. Interdisciplinary work across these tracks is particularly encouraged.
Diagnostic Usefulness of Monoclonal Antibody P504S in the Workup of Atypical Prostatic Glandular Proliferations (2003)

We stained 37 prostate needle biopsies and 3 transurethral resections (TURP) containing atypical foci and 20 morphologically unequivocal prostate cancer biopsies, including 4 with foamy features, with P504S. Of 20 biopsies with unequivocal cancer, 18 showed variable P504S staining (sensitivity, 90%); 1 minute cancer and 1 foamy cancer lacked P504S staining. Of 40 cases with atypical foci (biopsies, 37; TURP, 3), 9 were diagnosed as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), 2 were excluded, and 29 had foci of atypical small glandular proliferation. Of these 29 cases, 7 were highly suggestive of cancer, 2 of which lacked P504S staining. In 22 cases with benign atypical foci, 11 were diagnosed as postatrophic hyperplasia (none expressed P504S) and 7 as atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH; 1 showed focal weak P504S staining). Of 9 HGPIN specimens, 8 showed predominantly diffuse, moderate P504S staining. P504S has slightly lower sensitivity for detection of prostate cancer than found previously. Heterogeneous expression patterns may explain negativity in some biopsy specimens with minute cancer. In atypical small glandular proliferations, diffuse positive P504S staining in atypical glands strongly supports a cancer diagnosis, but negative staining does not exclude it. P504S seems to have low sensitivity for detecting foamy prostate cancer. Most HGPINs show diffuse moderate P504S staining. AAH may show focal P504S staining. We recommend using P504S along with morphologic examination and conventional basal cell markers.
DC I-V characteristics and RF performance of a 4H-SiC JFET at 773 K (1998)

The dc I-V characteristics of a 4H-SiC JFET at 773 K were predicted with SPISCES. These characteristics were used to estimate the RF performance of the JFET in a class A power amplifier. The results indicate that A/sub c/=4.29, P/sub 1-dB/=0.953 W/mm, and PAE=13.3% at low frequency, and that f/sub T/=6.1 GHz.
Systematic review and network meta‐analysis: first‐ and second‐line biologic therapies for moderate‐severe Crohn's disease (2018)

Indirect comparisons suggest that infliximab or adalimumab may be preferred first-line agents, and ustekinumab a preferred second-line agent, for induction of remission in patients with moderate-severe CD. Head-to-head trials are warranted.