gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Properties of a new molybdenum nitrogen phase (1983)

A new Mo–N phase has been prepared by rf reactive sputtering. The structure, as determined by x-ray analyses matches well with the hexagonal Mo2C structure. The films were produced by reactively sputtering Mo in a gaseous N2 atmosphere in an attempt to prepare thin films of the predicted high Tc superconductor MoN in the B1 phase. By further nitriding these Mo2N films with NH3 at 780 °C for 24 h, they appeared more stoichiometric as determined by their superconducting properties. These films are superconducting Tc ≊7 K and have high critical magnetic fields Hc2(0) ≊7.5 T. Varying both the temperature of the substrate between 500 and 900 °C, and the power density did not effect the phase of the Mo–N compound.
2022 Acknowledgment of mBio Reviewers (2022)

On behalf of the editors of mBio, I gratefully acknowledge the following members of our inaugural Junior Editorial Board who served as reviewers for the journal in 2022. The Junior Editorial Board began receiving scholarly publishing and peer review training in January, and formally began reviewing for mBio in September. These dedicated and well-qualified early-career researchers are a welcome addition to our community of reviewers. Cynthia Adinortey Daniel Aridgides Lori Banks Joseph Boll Clotilde Bongrand Jiandong Chen Ousmane Cisse Sebastien Crepin Sophie Darch Nicole De Nisco Stephen Dolan Elizabeth Draganova Melissa Ellermann Alexandre Gouzy Melinda Grosser Andrzej Harris Tania Henríquez Rebeccah Lijek Rogério Lourenço Bruno Martorelli Di Genova Angela Mitchell Roberto Molina-Quiroz Irina Novikova Francisca Nwaokorie Ceren Ozkul Atmika Paudel Peter Ramirez Lennart Schada von Borzyskowski Anna Serquina Liku Tezera Zulema Udaondo Dominguez Rachel Van Duyne Daniel Velez-Ramirez Julia Willett Jason Yang Zhengzhong Zou
Proteogenomic mapping as a complementary method to perform genome annotation (2004)

Abstract The accelerated rate of genomic sequencing has led to an abundance of completely sequenced genomes. Annotation of the open reading frames (ORFs) ( i.e. , gene prediction) in these genomes is an important task and is most often performed computationally based on features in the nucleic acid sequence. Using recent advances in proteomics, we set out to predict the set of ORFs for an organism based principally on expressed protein‐based evidence. Using a novel search strategy, we mapped peptides detected in a whole‐cell lysate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae onto a genomic scaffold and extended these “hits” into ORFs bound by traditional genetic signals to generate a “proteogenomic map”. We were able to generate an ORF model for M. pneumoniae strain FH using proteomic data with a high correlation to models based on sequence features. Ultimately, we detected over 81% of the genomically predicted ORFs in M. pneumoniae strain M129 (the originally sequenced strain). We were also able to detect several new ORFs not originally predicted by genomic methods, various N ‐terminal extensions, and some evidence that would suggest that certain predicted ORFs are bogus. Some of these differences may be a result of the strain analyzed but demonstrate the robustness of protein analysis across closely related genomes. This technique is a cost‐effective means to add value to genome annotation, and a prerequisite for proteome quantitation and in vivo interaction measures.
ROI: an invocation mechanism for replicated objects (2002)

The reliable object invocation mechanism provided by HIDRA for the coordinator-cohort and the passive replication models offers support to ensure that all the replicas of the object being invoked are correctly updated before such an invocation is terminated. This mechanism also ensures that if a primary or coordinator replica crashes, the client is able to reconnect to the previously initiated invocations, collecting their results without requiring their reexecution. All this support is provided transparently to the client of the replicated objects, which does not notice any difference in respect to the invocations made to non-replicated objects. Moreover, the protocols described in the paper deal also with the failure of any of the objects involved in this kind of invocations.
Discrete Memory Addressing Variational Autoencoder for Visual Concept Learning (2020)

A substantial aspect of general intelligence is the ability to summarize basic building blocks from various high-level concepts. Artificial vision systems with such hierarchical property can not only perform accurate reasoning for complex observations, but also learn useful low-level knowledge shared across scenes. To achieve this goal, we propose a discrete memory addressing VAE model (DM-VAE) for explicitly memorizing and reasoning about shared primitives in images. A time-persistence memory module is used to store the learned abstract knowledge and to interact with the generative model. The model decides what to pay attention to at each step, and constructs the primitive library automatically as the learning progresses in a fully unsupervised setting. While performing inference, the model attempts to interpret a new observation as a combination of previously learned elements. We further derive a proper variational lower bound which can be optimized efficiently. We conduct visual comprehension experiments on images and demonstrate that our model is able to search, identify, and memorize semantically meaningful primitive concepts.
The Effect of Setting Velocity on the Static and Fatigue Strengths of Self‐Piercing Riveted Joints for Automotive Applications (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgement
Production de biocarburants à partir de la ressource oléagineuse (2012)

Biofuels, which are produced from renewable vegetable sources are considered as a good solution to reduce the European dependence on fossil fuel sources, from a geostrategic and environmental point of view. Because of the high proportion of diesel vehicles in Europe, biodiesel still remains by far the most produced biofuel, far ahead of ethanol. Biodiesel is obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils with an alcohol, usually methanol to produce methyl esters. This paper aims to present the contribution of the French institute IFP Energies nouvelles to this issue, through the development of two processes for biodiesel production by means of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis. More recent developments have focused on hydrotreating vegetable oils and are also detailed in this paper. Fuels from this latest technology are drop-in fuels allowing higher incorporation rates and offering excellent qualities for diesel engines and potentially for incorporation in Jet fuel.
Haptic Rendering for Time-Variant System Based on FDTD Method Considering Realtime Discretization (2018)

In this paper, we present a method to rapidly discretize a continuous time-variant system in real time. Three discretization methods are compared. The proposed method does not calculate for discretization, and therefore, the calculation cost is 1/100 of that of the conventional zero-order hold model. The presented method has high stability in higher order systems and the position and size of the internal parameters are determined for each sampling time. The effectiveness of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is demonstrated by comparing responses with a continuous system by using simulations. By experiments, we reproduce the haptic sensations based on the time-variant environmental model expressed by Tustin approximation and FDTD method.
A Class of Frobenius Norm-Based Algorithms Using Penalty Term and Natural Gradient for Blind Signal Separation (2008)

We consider the blind signal separation (BSS) problem of instantaneous mixtures using penalty term and natural gradient. A class of Frobenius norm-based algorithms consisting of the offline/block processing (BP), online processing (OP) algorithms, and their normalized versions is proposed for separating nonstationary and nonwhite signals. The BP and OP algorithms, respectively, suitable for blind separation with offline and online data, are derived by using the nonstationarity and nonwhiteness of signals and the natural gradient method in conjunction with an appropriate penalty term. Associated with almost all algorithms employing a gradient method is a gradient noise problem. We thus develop, from BP and OP, their normalized versions in which the update of an unknown demixing matrix is based on the minimal disturbance principle. We show that the resulting updates are in the same direction as those of the original algorithms but with a scaling factor whose upper bound is unity. Algorithms using the nonstationarity and nonwhiteness properties have been proposed before but, due to the use of logarithms in their derivation, they are not capable of separating signals that are not persistently active and require regularization parameters to mitigate the problem. In this paper, the superior performance of the proposed algorithms to the previously proposed logarithm-based algorithms with and without regularization when separating nonpersistently active source signals is presented through some illustrative numerical experiments.
Photoelectrochemistry at semiconductor electrodes and small particles: a comparative study (1984)

Comparaison des systemes de semiconducteurs-electrolytes en photoelectrochimie, bases sur la variation des dimensions des particules de semiconducteurs. Cimparaison, en particulier, des semiconducteurs sous forme de particules ou en tant qu'electrodes. L'etude porte surtout sur le mecanisme et le controle des courants dus aux charges majeures
Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention (2009)

We have reported previously that the interaction of alpha(E)(CD103)beta(7) integrin, expressed on a CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) clone but not on a peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) counterpart, with the epithelial marker E-cadherin on human lung tumor cells plays a crucial role in T-cell receptor-mediated cytotoxicity. We show here that both TIL and PBL clones are able to migrate toward autologous tumor cells and that chemokine receptor CCR5 is involved in this process. Adoptive transfer of the PBL clone in the cognate tumor engrafted in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice and subsequent coengagement of T-cell receptor and transforming growth factor-beta1 receptor triggers CD103 expression on T-cell surface resulting in strong potentiation of antitumor lytic function. Moreover, interaction of alpha(E)beta(7) integrin with E-cadherin, but not lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 with intercellular adhesion molecule-1, promotes CCR5 recruitment at the immunologic synapse formed between TIL and tumor cells, leading to inhibition of T-cell sensitivity to CCL5 chemotactic gradient. These results provide evidence for a role of tumor microenvironment, namely MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation and transforming growth factor-beta1 secretion, in regulating the effector phase of tumor-specific CTL response. They also suggest a unique role of CD103 in T-cell retention at the tumor site by a CCR5-dependent mechanism.
Regioselective Transformation of Malic Acid: A Practical Method for the Construction of Enantiomerically Pure Indolizidines (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective Transformation of Malic Acid: A Practical Method for the Construction of Enantiomerically Pure IndolizidinesPeter Gmeiner and Dagmar JungeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 12, 3910–3915Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00117a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00117a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Targeting dendritic cells—why bother? (2013)

Vaccination is among the most efficient forms of immunotherapy. Although sometimes inducing lifelong protective B-cell responses, T-cell-mediated immunity remains challenging. Targeting antigen to dendritic cells (DCs) is an extensively explored concept aimed at improving cellular immunity. The identification of various DC subsets with distinct functional characteristics now allows for the fine-tuning of targeting strategies. Although some of these DC subsets are regarded as superior for (cross-) priming of naive T cells, controversies still remain about which subset represents the best target for immunotherapy. Because targeting the antigen alone may not be sufficient to obtain effective T-cell responses, delivery systems have been developed to target multiple vaccine components to DCs. In this Perspective, we discuss the pros and cons of targeting DCs: if targeting is beneficial at all and which vaccine vehicles and immunization routes represent promising strategies to reach and activate DCs.
Polarization holograms for source-mask optimization (2011)

A new technique is introduced to replace DOEs that are used for illumination in lithographic projectors with polarization computer generated holograms (PCGHs) that produce both arbitrary intensity and arbitrary polarization state in the illumination pupil. The additional capability of arbitrary polarization state adds an additional degree of freedom for source-mask optimization. The PCGHs are similar in design and construction to DOEs, but they incorporate polarizationsensitive elements. Three experiments are described that demonstrate different configurations of PCGHs deigned to produce a tangentially polarized ring. Measurements of ratio of polarization and polarization orientation indicate that all three configurations performed well. Experimetns are performed with visible (&lambda; = 632.8nm) light.
catena-Poly[[aqua-1κO-μ2-succinimidato-1:2κ2O:N-disilver(I)]-μ3-succinimidato-1:2:1′κ3O:N:O′] (2007)

The structure of the title compound, [Ag2(C4H4NO2)2(H2O)]n, exhibits a butterfly-shaped [Ag(C4H4NO2)]2 dimer which contains an eight-membered ring. One of the Ag atoms is four-coordinate having exclusively Ag—O bonds and the other is two-coordinate having exclusively Ag—N bonds.
Interventional stroke therapy: Current state of the art and needs assessment (2007)

The primary therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke, as for MI patients, is early reperfusion. Improvement in stroke treatment will require dedicated stroke centers to emulate MI quality indicators such as minimizing the "door-to-balloon time". A critical element in achieving this goal will be organizing the existing multidisciplinary pool of carotid interventionalists to provide the endovascular component of the acute care for ischemic stroke patients.
Selection and Weldability of Heat-Treatable Aluminum Alloys (1993)

Abstract Aluminum alloys, particularly the heat-treatable alloys, are sensitive to weld cracking. Anticipation of these characteristics and general knowledge of these materials assist in selection of suitable method for welding heat-treatable aluminum alloys. This article provides a general description of the metallurgy, characteristics, and applications of heat-treatable aluminum alloys and a detailed discussion on the characteristics of heat-treatable aluminum alloys, their resulting impact on the weld quality and property, along with the methods of avoiding or reducing the impacts. The impact created in the weld quality includes crack sensitivity, liquation cracking, porosity, and heat-affected zone degradation. The article provides an overview of filler alloy selection for reducing weld crack sensitivity and increasing weld strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance in the welds of heat-treatable aluminum alloys.
Inverse Characterization of Composite Materials Using Surrogate Models (2013)

In recent years, methods for the inverse characterization of mechanical properties of materials have seen significant growth, mainly because of the availability of enabling technologies like full-field measurement techniques, inexpensive high performance computing resources, and automated testing. Unfortunately, as the complexity of the material system increases even the most advanced methods for inverse characterization produce results in compute times that are not practical for real time applications. To overcome this limitation we present a method that uses Non-Uniform Rational B-spline (NURBs) based surrogate modeling to generate a very efficient representation of the material model and the associated objective function. In addition, we present a method for identifying the global minimum of this objective function that corresponds to the elastic properties that characterize the material. Validation of this methodology is achieved through synthetic numerical experiments that include both isotropic and orthotropic specimens defined both analytically and numerically. Statistical analyses on the effects of experimental noise supplement these results. We conclude with remarks regarding the use of this technique to recover the elastic properties from materials tested utilizing multiaxial robotic systems.
3D silicon nanowires sensors for NO2 detection down to ppb levels (2015)

International audience
Table S3 from Human CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Specific for Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Localize to Merkel Cell Carcinomas and Target a Required Oncogenic Domain (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Human polyomavirus LxCxE homology sequences&lt;/p&gt;
Design of the tunnel contacts and the transport region of all-electrical spin-injection-detection devices (2006)

The design of an all-electrical spin-injection-detection device is discussed. It is shown that the use and the design of tunnel barriers cannot simply be copied from the spin light-emitting diodes, where they have already been demonstrated. Using one-dimensional and two-dimensional self-consistent simulations, the doping levels of the tunnel contacts and the spin-transport region are engineered to obtain an optimal tunnel barrier resistance and an optimal current distribution in the spin-transport region.
Synthesis of Os3W alkylidyne and alkylidene clusters by solid-state pyrolysis; direct C–O bond cleavage of co-ordinated ketenyl ligand (1993)

The heterometallic tetranuclear ketenyl compound [Os3(CO)10(µ-H){C(O)CH2W(CO)3(η-C5Me5)}]1 possessing a pendant W(η-C5Me5)(CO)3 substituent is prepared by condensation of [Os3(CO)10(NCMe)2] with the aldehyde complex [W(η-C5Me5)(CO)3(CH2CHO)]. Pyrolysis of 1 in the solid state at 185 °C afforded four tetrahedral compounds [WOs3(η-C5Me5)(CO)9(µ-O)(µ3-CMe)]2, [WOs3(η-C5Me5)(CO)9(µ-O)(µ-H)(µ-CHMe)]5, [WOs3(η-C5Me5)(CO)11(µ3-CMe)]3 and [WOs3(η-C5Me5)(CO)11(µ3-CH)]4, demonstrating a unique example of C–O bond scission for the ligated ketene fragment. Since treatment of 2 with H2 in toluene also afforded 5 in moderate yield, it is highly probable that the latter is produced via reaction with trace amounts of H2 generated from the decomposition of 1. The molecular structures of 2 and 4 have been determined by single-crystal X-Ray analysis.
Quantitative fluorescence molecular imaging in highly light-absorbing melanomas using a dual-tracer kinetic modeling normalization method (2014)

Tissues with high light absorption, such as melanomas, present a significant challenge to fluorescence imaging approaches that seek to estimate molecular expression in vivo, since any fluorescence originating in the tissue will suffer substantial attenuation prior to detection. This can lead to sizable underestimations in estimated fluorescent tracer concentration in these tissues using conventional fluorescence imaging. In this study, a dual-tracer fluorescence imaging approach was employed to correct for severe tissue absorption by 1) using simultaneous injection and imaging of an untargeted tracer to normalize tissue absorption effects on the targeted tracer, and 2) using kinetic modeling that capitalizes on subtle differences in the dynamics of targeted and untargeted tracer uptake to quantify targeted molecule concentrations in the high absorbing tissue. Monte Carlo simulation and kinetic models demonstrated that the effect of optical properties on the approach could be eliminated by a pixel-by-pixel normalization of the targeted and untargeted tracer uptakes prior to 5 min post-tracer injection for fluorescence planar dynamic imaging.
iXj (2004)

Manual large-scale modification or generation of source code can be tedious and error-prone. Integrating scriptable source-to-source program transformations into development environments will assist developers with this overwhelming task. We discuss various usability issues of bringing such a<i>d-hoc</i> transformations to end-users and describe a developer-oriented interactive source code transformation tool for Java that we are building.
Far from equilibrium ultrafast high‐temperature sintering of ZrO 2 –SiO 2 nanocrystalline glass–ceramics (2023)

Abstract Ultrafast high‐temperature sintering (UHS) is a novel sintering technique with ultrashort firing cycles (e.g., a few tens of seconds). The feasibility of UHS has been validated on several ceramics and metals; however, its potential in consolidating glass–ceramics has not yet been demonstrated. In this work, an optimized carbon‐free UHS was utilized to prepare ZrO 2 –SiO 2 nanocrystalline glass–ceramics (NCGCs). The phase composition, grain size, densification behavior, and microstructures of NCGCs prepared by UHS were investigated and compared with those of samples sintered by pressureless sintering. Results showed that NCGCs with a high relative density (～95%) can be obtained within ～50 s discharge time by UHS. The UHS processing not only hindered the formation of ZrSiO 4 and cristobalite but also enhanced the stabilization of t‐ZrO 2 . Meanwhile, owing to the ultrashort firing cycles, the UHS technology allowed the NCGCs to be consolidated in a far from equilibrium state. The NCGCs showed a microstructure of spherical monocrystalline ZrO 2 nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous SiO 2 matrix.