gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Class II/III Transition Electron Transfer on an Infrared Vibrational Time Scale forN,N‘-Diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Structures (2004)

Intramolecular electron transfer (ET) within the class II/III transition for the mixed-valence state of N,N‘-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (PDA) derivatives which were substituted in the center or the outer phenyl ring and N,N‘-diphenylbenzidine (BZ) was examined. Each compound showed two reversible redox couples. The splitting of the redox waves, ΔE, is related to the interaction intensity between redox sites. The introduction of a substitutent into the central phenylene ring of the PDAs resulted in a decrease in ΔE. A similar result was noted for the expansion of the distance between the redox centers such as in BZ. In opposition, the ΔE of N,N‘-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine (2,6-DMPDA) as a compound with substituents introduced into the outer phenyl rings was spread. The mixed-valence state of these compounds also exhibited an intervalence charge transfer (IV-CT) band in the near-IR region which provided the determination of the Marcus reorganization energy (λ), the electron coupling (V), the thermal ET barrier (ΔG*), and the electron-transfer rate (kth) using the Marcus−Hush theory. We first confirmed the electron-transfer rate of PDA derivatives in the class II/III transition state by two methods. The ν(N−H) stretching vibrational spectra of the mixed-valence states were analyzed by a Bloch-type equation analysis using variable-temperature IR spectra measurements which were to be in good agreement with the those obtained from the Marcus−Hush theory. On the basis of this approach, the electron-transfer rate of PDA was determined to be 8.2 × 1011 s-1 at 298 K, yielding ΔG⧧ = 420 cm-1 (the activation free energy from the Eyring plot) for the underlying process.
Modal processing for acoustic communications in shallow water experiment (2008)

Acoustical array data from the Shallow Water Acoustics experiment was processed to show the feasibility of broadband mode decomposition as a preprocessing method to reduce the effective channel delay spread and concentrate received signal energy in a small number of independent channels. The data were collected by a vertical array designed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Phase-shift Keying (PSK) m-sequence modulated signals with different carrier frequencies were transmitted at a distance 19.2 km from the array. Even during a strong internal waves activity a low bit error rate was achieved.
p63 induziert Apoptose durch Aktivierung von Signalwegen via Todesrezeptoren und Mitochondrien (2004)

Einleitung: Das p53-Familienmitglied p63 spielt eine wichtige Rolle in Entwicklung und Differenzierung. Wie p53 und p73 kann auch p63 Apoptose auslösen. Die Signalwege der p63-vermittelten Apoptose sind bisher nicht charakterisiert.
Iridovirus and Microsporidian Linked to Honey Bee Colony Decline (2010)

These findings implicate co-infection by IIV and Nosema with honey bee colony decline, giving credence to older research pointing to IIV, interacting with Nosema and mites, as probable cause of bee losses in the USA, Europe, and Asia. We next need to characterize the IIV and Nosema that we detected and develop management practices to reduce honey bee losses.
Case 4-1989 (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 56-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain, vomiting, and hematemesis.She was well until the day of admission, when she experienced the acute onset of nonradiating midepigastric pain while she was hurrying to work, soon followed by vomiting of gastric contents mixed with small amounts of fresh blood and brown particles; the pain was constant and became more severe. She vomited similar material once or twice thereafter, became sweaty and dizzy, and fell. She was placed in an ambulance, where her blood pressure in the sitting position was found to be 70/50 . . .
Confidentiality and Integrity Algorithms (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Requirements for the Confidentiality Algorithm Requirements for the Integrity Algorithm Design Task Force Getting Started Design Process Confidentiality Algorithm Extension of the UMTS Confidentiality Algorithm Integrity Algorithm Implementation IPR Issues and Exportability
More Rules May Mean Faster Parallel Execution (1985)

In this brief paper we report a simple scheme to extract implicit parallelism in the low-level match phase of the parallel execution of production system programs. The essence of the approach is to replicate rules while introducing new constraints within each copy to restrict each individual rule to match a potentially smaller set of data elements. Speed up is achieved by matching each copy of a rule in parallel. Variations of this approach may be applicable to logic-based programming systems, such as PROLOG, executed in a parallel environment. Indeed, sequential implementations of OPS-style production systems based on the RETE match algorithm may enjoy performance advantages as well. This scheme may be implemented by a simple preprocessing stage which requires no modification to the underlying match algorithms.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Alkenes (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A new polyinstantiation integrity constraint for multilevel relations (2002)

A new polyinstantiation integrity constraint for multilevel relations based on the intuitive idea that every entity in a relation can have at most one tuple for every access class is proposed. The consequences of this property and some of its variations are discussed. A core set of properties which should apply to all relations is identified. These are entity integrity, interinstance integrity, subsumption integrity, and polyinstantiation integrity in the sense of PI-FD. Specific models impose additional polyinstantiation constraints. Oakland requires PI-null, Sea View requires PI-MVD, and the new Franconia model requires PI-Tuple-class. Each of these properties appears likely to arise often enough in practice to justify DBMS (database management system) support for its enforcement on a relation-by-relation basis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cylindrical microlensing for enhanced collection efficiency of small pixel SPAD arrays in single-molecule localisation microscopy (2018)

Single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) image sensors offer time-gated photon counting, at high binary frame rates of >100 kFPS and with no readout noise. This makes them well-suited to a range of scientific applications, including microscopy, sensing and quantum optics. However, due to the complex electronics required, the fill factor tends to be significantly lower (< 10%) than that of EMCCD and sCMOS cameras (>90%), whilst the pixel size is typically larger, impacting the sensitivity and practicalities of the SPAD devices. This paper presents the first characterisation of a cylindrical-shaped microlens array applied to a small, 8 micron, pixel SPAD imager. The enhanced fill factor, ≈50% for collimated light, is the highest reported value amongst SPAD sensors with comparable resolution and pixel pitch. We demonstrate the impact of the increased sensitivity in single-molecule localisation microscopy, obtaining a resolution of below 40nm, the best reported figure for a SPAD sensor.
Supplementary Table 1 from Rationale and Preclinical Efficacy of a Novel Anti-EMP2 Antibody for the Treatment of Invasive Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 59K, Known Profile of EMP2 Upregulation in Breast Cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Alternative differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) induced selectively by retinoic acid and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (1985)

Induction of hematopoietic differentiation was investigated in human promyelocytic leukemia cells [HL-60] using two lipophilic vitamins, retinoic acid and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3]. Both vitamins suppressed proliferation and induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, but 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 was 70- to 100-fold more potent than was retinoic acid on a molar basis. Simultaneous treatment with suboptimal concentrations of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 (0.12 to 1.2 nM) and retinoic acid (10 to 100 nM) showed additive effects in reducing nitroblue tetrazolium, a common marker for monocyte-macrophage and granulocyte differentiation. For the study of alternative differentiation of the cells by the two vitamins, we used monoclonal antibodies specific for either human monocyte-macrophages or granulocytes and other markers specific for macrophage differentiation such as alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity and adherence to the dish surface. HL-60 cells were induced to differentiate alternatively into macrophages by 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 or into granulocytes by retinoic acid. When HL-60 cells were treated with various concentrations of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 (1.2 to 120 nM) in the presence of 1000 nM retinoic acid which is a concentration sufficient to induce maximal granulocyte differentiation, the appearance of the markers for monocyte-macrophage differentiation by 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 was not at all affected by the retinoic acid. These results indicate that 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and retinoic acid have additive effects in inducing differentiation of HL-60 cells, but monocyte-macrophage differentiation by 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 occurs much more readily than does granulocyte differentiation by retinoic acid.
IN WHICH PATIENTS IS IT POSSIBLE TO PERFORM STANDALONE LATERAL LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION WITHOUT CAGE SUBSIDENCE? (2016)

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the factors related to the non-occurrence of cage subsidence in standalone lateral lumbar interbody fusion procedures. Methods: Case-control study of single level standalone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) including 86 cases. Patients without cage subsidence composed the control group (C), while those in the subsidence group (S) developed cage subsidence. Preoperative data were examined to create a risk score based on correlation factors with S group. The proven risk factors were part of an evaluation score. Results: Of the 86 cases included, 72 were in group C and 14 in group S. The following risk factors were more prevalent in group S compared to C group: spondylolisthesis (93% vs 18%; p&lt;0.001); scoliosis (31% vs 12%; p=0.033); women (79% vs 38%; p=0.007); older patients (average 57.0 vs 68.4 years; p=0.001). These risk factors were used in a score (0-4) to evaluate the risk in each case. The patients with higher risk scores had greater subsidence (p&lt;0.001). Scores ≥2 were predictive of subsidence with 92% sensitivity and 72% specificity. Conclusions: It was possible to correlate the degree of subsidence in standalone LLIF procedures using demographic (age and gender) and pathological (spondylolisthesis and scoliosis) data. With a score based on risk factors and considering any score &lt;2, the probability of non-occurrence of subsidence following standalone LLIF (negative predictive value) was 98%.
IntrinsicNeRF: Learning Intrinsic Neural Radiance Fields for Editable Novel View Synthesis (2022)

Existing inverse rendering combined with neural rendering methods can only perform editable novel view synthesis on object-specific scenes, while we present intrinsic neural radiance fields, dubbed IntrinsicNeRF, which introduce intrinsic decomposition into the NeRF-based neural rendering method and can extend its application to room-scale scenes. Since intrinsic decomposition is a fundamentally under-constrained inverse problem, we propose a novel distance-aware point sampling and adaptive reflectance iterative clustering optimization method, which enables IntrinsicNeRF with traditional intrinsic decomposition constraints to be trained in an unsupervised manner, resulting in multi-view consistent intrinsic decomposition results. To cope with the problem that different adjacent instances of similar reflectance in a scene are incorrectly clustered together, we further propose a hierarchical clustering method with coarse-to-fine optimization to obtain a fast hierarchical indexing representation. It supports compelling real-time augmented applications such as recoloring and illumination variation. Extensive experiments and editing samples on both object-specific/room-scale scenes and synthetic/real-word data demonstrate that we can obtain consistent intrinsic decomposition results and high-fidelity novel view synthesis even for challenging sequences.
Specific binding ofo-phenanthroline at a DNA structural lesion (1988)

DNA intercalators are found to recognize a DNA lesion as a high affinity receptor site. This lesion-specific binding is observed when one strand of a DNA double helix contains an extra, unpaired nucleotide. Our assay for binding controls for the effects of sequence with a series of oligodeoxynucleotide duplexes which are identical except for the location of the lesion, an extra cytidine. Scission of the series of oligodeoxynucleotides by the cuprous complex of ortho-phenanthroline (OP-Cu) indicates that OP-Cu binds at the lesion-specific stable intercalation site, suggesting that OP-Cu intercalates into DNA. The dispersion of OP-Cu scission sites over three residues is consistent with scission via a diffusible intermediate. The location of the scission sites, directly on the 3' side of the lesion, is consistent with minor groove binding in B DNA.
ChemInform Abstract: An Oxidant‐Free Single‐Step Synthesis of Tetra‐ or Disubstituted Symmetrical Pyridine Derivatives by a Hf(OTf)4‐Catalyzed Annulation. (2011)

Abstract An unprecedented annulation of enamines with triethyl orthoformate allows the preparation of tetrasubstituted pyridines.
Conservation of Puf3 RNA targets across eukaryotes. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;A heatmap displaying whether the Puf3 binding sequence UGUA[ACU]AUA is shared by orthologs in a pair of species. A significant &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value is displayed as a colored square and was determined by the hypergeometric test. Color is used only if the Puf3 motif ranks in the top 1% relative to all motif permutations (&lt;a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002307#sec016" target="_blank"&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/a&gt;). (The heatmap is not fully symmetrical since the orthology assignments are not necessarily reciprocal.) The phylogeny shown was inferred using a maximum-likelihood approach from a concatenated alignment of 53 protein sequences (&lt;a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002307#sec016" target="_blank"&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/a&gt;). "Sacch-" refers to Saccharomycotina fungi, "Peziz-" to Pezizomycotina fungi, and "C.g." to the &lt;i&gt;Caenorhabditis&lt;/i&gt; genus of worms. The break noted in red corresponds to 0.5 substitutions per site in the branch to &lt;i&gt;Giardia lamblia&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-Values and ranks of the Puf3 motif against its permutations can be found in &lt;a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002307#pbio.1002307.s009" target="_blank"&gt;S9 Dataset&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
A study of E-plane slotline coupling structure for quasi-optical oscillator arrays (2002)

In this paper, an E-plane coupling structure through the slotline on the ground plane for quasi-optical oscillator arrays is proposed. This coupling structure can be easily expanded to a two-dimensional planar array system and eliminates the distortion due to the spurious radiation from the coupling structure. The coupling strength is analyzed with slot width, length, offset position and number of slotlines.
Mechanism and Substrate Specificity of the Flavin Reductase ActVB from Streptomyces coelicolor (2002)

ActVB is the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase participating in the last step of actinorhodin synthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor. It is the prototype of a whole class of flavin reductases with both sequence and functional similarities. The mechanism of reduction of free flavins by ActVB has been studied. Although ActVB was isolated with FMN bound, we have demonstrated that it is not a flavoprotein. Instead, ActVB contains only one flavin binding site, suitable for the flavin reductase activity and with a high affinity for FMN. In addition, ActVB proceeds by an ordered sequential mechanism, where NADH is the first substrate. Whereas ActVB is highly specific for NADH, it is able to catalyze the reduction of a great variety of natural and synthetic flavins, but with K(m) values ranging from 1 microm (FMN) to 69 microm (lumiflavin). We show that both the ribitol-phosphate chain and the isoalloxazine ring contribute to the protein-flavin interaction. Such properties are unique and set the ActVB family apart from the well characterized Fre flavin reductase family.
Binaural noise-reduction hearing aid scheme with real-time processing in the frequency domain. (1993)

A binaural noise-reduction algorithm for suppressing lateral noise sources was implemented in real-time and tested with normal and hearing-impaired subjects. With this algorithm, frequency bands with interaural time and amplitude differences characteristic for the "target" direction of the desired speech sound reach both ears without any attenuation. However, frequency bands with an interaural time and amplitude difference deviating from these desired values are attenuated. Speech quality assessments as well as speech intelligibility tests demonstrate a significant noise reduction of up to about 5 dB in signal-to-noise ratio for a dummy-head recorded "cocktail-party situation" in an anechoic chamber. For two additional acoustical situations, however, the subjective speech quality from the algorithm degrades with increasing reverberation, while the output from a real-time "dereverberation" algorithm was ranked higher with increasing reverberation. The results with hearing-impaired listeners suggest a combination of both algorithms, while stressing the importance of binaural listening and binaural hearing aids for the rehabilitation of impaired listeners in noisy environments.
Active Control and Spatial Mapping of Mid-Infrared Propagating Surface Plasmons (2009)

Surface waves on metal films with subwavelength features and tunable optical resonances are excited with a quantum cascade laser. The resulting transmission through, and propagation on, the metal/dielectric interface is measured, both spectrally and spatially.
Effect of quantization on beamforming in binaural hearing aids (2008)

We consider a beamforming scheme for binaural hearing aids and analyze the effects of quantization on its performance. A limited bandwidth wireless link is assumed between the binaural hearing aids for communication from one ear to the other ear, where signals are then processed using a generalized
Study of InP Surfaces after Wet Chemical Treatments (2013)

sponsorship: We acknowledge the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Electron storage ring BESSY II, for provision of synchrotron radiation at beamline U49/2-PGM-2 and thank Matthias Stadter for assistance. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 226716. (European Community|226716)
Grass-Allergic Children Frequently Show Asymptomatic Low-Level IgE Co-Sensitization and Cross-Reactivity to Wheat (2018)

Wheat sensitization caused by cross-reactivity but also by sensitization to wheat-specific allergens was common in the grass-allergic children and also associated with allergy to staple foods other than wheat. The results indicate the presence of a subgroup of pollinosis patients with simultaneous sensitization to wheat and food allergy not only caused by cross-reactions.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Anaplastic, Plasmablastic, and Plasmacytic Plasmacytomas of Mice: Relationships to Human Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Late-Stage Differentiation of Normal B Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Anaplastic, Plasmablastic, and Plasmacytic Plasmacytomas of Mice: Relationships to Human Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Late-Stage Differentiation of Normal B Cells
All-optical packet header recognition and switching in a reconfigurable network using fiber Bragg gratings for time-to-wavelength mapping and decoding (2003)

We demonstrate reconfigurable all-optical header recognition and routing of a 2.5-Gbit/s packet stream using time-to-wavelength mapping with a fiber Bragg grating array correlation decoding. We achieve penalty-free routing using a 1.6-ns guard time. This technique would be useful to enable high-speed all-optical packet switching nodes.
Nicotine lowers the secretion of the Alzheimer's amyloid β-protein precursor that contains amyloid β-peptide in rat (2002)

Reports of an inverse relationship between nicotine intake, due to cigarette smoking, and the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) prompted us to investigate the effects of nicotine on amyloid beta-protein precursor (AbetaPP) processing in rat. Over-production and/or altered metabolism of AbetaPP, resulting in increased amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), appear pivotal in the pathogenesis of AD. Abeta is generated proteolytically from betaPP by a group of secretases. AbetaPP cleavage by gamma-secretase results in the secretion of a truncated soluble betaPP (sAPPgamma) that contains intact Abeta. Nicotine, 1 and 8 mg/kg/day, doses commensurate with cigarette smoking and a higher but well tolerated dose, respectively, was administered over 14 days and Western blot analysis was performed on sAPP fragments. Both doses significantly reduced sAPPgamma. These actions were blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonism. Whereas nicotinic antagonists alone had no effect on either total sAPP or sAPPgammalevels in CSF, muscarinic antagonism significantly elevated them; suggesting that muscarinic rather than nicotinic receptor silence alters processing of AbetaPP to favor a potentially amyloidogenic route. Combined nicotine and muscarinic antagonism attenuated the action of the latter to elevate sAPPgamma, indicating that nicotine modifies AbetaPP processing away from potentially amyloidogenic products. These results suggest that within the brain, levels of total sAPP, sAPPgamma and, accordingly, Abeta are subject to cholinergic manipulation, offering therapeutic potential at the level of AbetaPP processing to decrease Abetadeposition.
Biomimetic Synthesis of a Water Soluble Conducting Molecular Complex of Polyaniline and Lignosulfonate (2002)

A new biomimetic route for the synthesis of a conducting molecular complex of polyaniline (Pani) and a natural polyelectrolyte, lignosulfonate (LGS) is presented. A poly(ethylene glycol) modified hematin (PEG-hematin) was used to catalyze the polymerization of aniline in the presence of LGS to form a Pani/LGS complex. UV-vis, FTIR, conductivity and TGA studies for the LGS-polyaniline complex indicate the presence of a thermally stable and electrically conductive form of polyaniline. Also the presence of LGS in this complex, an inexpensive byproduct from pulp processing, provides a unique combination of properties such as electronic conductivity, processability and biodegradability. The use of this conductive complex for corrosion protection is also proposed.
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging of liver inflammation using an oxidatively activated probe (2023)

Non-invasive tests to diagnose and measure liver inflammation are underdeveloped. Inflammatory cells such as neutrophils release reactive oxygen species which creates an inflammatory liver microenvironment that can drive chemical oxidation. We recently invented a new class of magnetic resonance imaging probe that is made visible to the scanner only after chemical oxidation. Here, we demonstrate how this imaging technology could be applied as a non-invasive biomarker for liver inflammation.