gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Double Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Results in Successful Engraftment of Bone Marrow from Both Donors without Graft-versus-Host or Graft-versus-Graft Effects (2012)

We established double-haploidentical (DH) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) murine models to explore competitive engraftment, graft-versus-graft effect and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). T cell-depleted (TCD) bone marrow (BM) cells from B6SJF1 (donor 1 [D1]) and B6D2F1 (donor 2 [D2]) mice achieved >90% donor engraftment when transplanted into B6CBAF1 mice. B6CBAF1 recipients survived without evidence of GVHD when undergoing HSCT with TCD-BM from 2 haploidentical donors, D1 and D2. DH-HSCT recipients had significantly higher leukocyte and neutrophil counts than single-haploidentical HSCT recipients from either D1 or D2. DH recipients consistently showed successful mixed chimerism in both BM and spleen. Two other DH-HSCT models, B6D2F1 + C3D2F1→B6C3F1 and B6CBAF1 + B6SJLF1→B6D2F1, showed similar engraftment patterns. Low-dose T cell infusion from both D1 and D2 increased the degree of early engraftment of the respective donors in BM and spleen; however, this early engraftment pattern did not determine long-term engraftment dominance. In the long term, minimally engrafted D1 BM recovered and comprised >50% of all donor- derived B, T, and natural killer cells. We conclude that early BM engraftment is determined by donor T cell immunodominance, but long-term engraftment is related to the engraftment potential of stem cells after DH-HSCT.
Effect of phenyl ring position in the C‐methylated α‐amino acid side chain on peptide preferred conformation (1996)

The preferred conformations of Cα-methyl phenylglycine, Cα-methyl phenylalanine, and Cα-methyl homophenylalanine residues, as determined in model peptides (including homopeptides) by Fourier transform ir absorption, 1H-nmr, CD, and x-ray diffraction techniques, are compared with the aim of investigating the effect of phenyl ring position in the Cα-methylated amino acid side chain. This study shows that (a) β-turn and 310-helical structures are preferentially adopted by peptides rich in these Cα-methylated, aromatic α-amino acids and (b) turn and helix handedness is critically biased by the position of side-chain branching. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 40: 523–527, 1996
Computer simulations of pore growth in silicon (1994)

The dynamics of pore formation in silicon was studied by computer simulation. Porous structures were generated by a Monte Carlo algorithm that controlled the motion of an ensemble of electronic holes on a two-dimensional square lattice. Hole motion was biased to the nearest pore tip in order to simulate local electric-field effects corresponding to the depletion layer setup in n-type silicon. Several morphological characteristics seen in porous silicon were seen in the simulation: highly directional pores, steady-state pore spacing, and a smooth pore front. The pore spacing and the degree of sidebranching depended on the concentration of holes and the magnitude of the bias. The simulation trends are analogous to the pore morphologies seen in n-type silicon.
ChemInform Abstract: LARGE‐SCALE ENZYME‐CATALYZED SYNTHESIS OF ATP FROM ADENOSINE AND ACETYL PHOSPHATE. REGENERATION OF ATP FROM AMP (1978)

Abstract In luftfreiem,doppelt destilliertem Wasser wird ein Gemisch aus Adenosin, ATP, ADP, AMP, Mg‐acetat, Dithiothreit und einer Suspension eines Adenosinkinase‐, Adenylatkinase‐ und Acetatkinase‐haltigen Gels beim pH 6.7‐6.9 l0 Tage lang unter Argon mit Diammoniumacetylphosphat umgesetzt.
All-glass, lenticular lens light guide plate by mask and etch (2019)

All glass, lenticular lens array, light guide substrates were fabricated in a single mask and etch procedure enabling 1D local light-confinement from an edge-injected LED array. Lenticular structures of sufficient resolution (width & pitch: 100–200 µm) were etched along the length of the thin-slab glass surface, at depths in the range 40–90 µm using an etchant optimized for the alkali-borosilicate composition (Corning Iris Glass). These structures’ aspect ratio (W/H 80%) along the lenticular corridors. The all-glass and high-transmission nature of the iris glass composition enabled higher brightness operation and yielded negligible color-shift.
Neurally mediated syncope prediction based on heart rate and pulse arrival time (2013)

Background: Neurally mediated syncope (NMS) is a common disorder resulting in falls and accidents. We previously developed a syncope warning system based on wearable sensor technologies in order to predict NMS. Herein, we prospectively validated the underlying algorithms based on heart rate (HR) and pulse arrival time (PAT).
Improved Resistive Switching Characteristics of NiO Resistance Random-Access Memory Using Post-Plasma-Oxidation Process (2011)

A practical approach to oxygen compensation is investigated to improve a resistive change characteristic of NiO films. The stoichiometry of a physical vapor deposited NiO (PVD-NiO) is changed by post-plasma-oxidation (PPO) process at 350 °C. The PPO process eliminates oxygen vacancies and compensates for a loss of oxygen during Cu back-end-of-line (BEOL) process, which results in a lower forming voltage and a higher OFF/ON resistance ratio. The PPO also improves the surface roughness of the PVD-NiO film, reducing a cell-to-cell variation of the forming voltage. The developed NiO resistance random-access memory (ReRAM) integrated in Cu-BEOL coupled with the PPO process is applicable for realizing a low-power and stable resistive switch.
Analysis of the fraction of delivered oxygen by noninvasive ventilation devices working as invasive ventilators in pandemic times (2020)

Abstract Purpose: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, mandatory ventilation with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) devices is a valid option when intensive care/anesthesia ventilators are unavailable. The fraction of delivered oxygen (FDO 2 ) by NIV devices in intubated patients is unknown. Method: We simulated intubated patients with normal and sick lungs. NIV was used in pressure control mode with protective lung ventilatory settings. O 2 flow was added into the NIV circuit in incremental steps of 1 L/min (from 1 to 15 L). The FDO 2 in breathing gases was measured by a paramagnetic O 2 sensor placed behind the endotracheal tube. Three NIV circuit options were analyzed: 1) leak at HME filter close to the patient, 2) anesthesia Bain circuit with leak distal to the patient, and 3) leak throughout a non-rebreathing valve near the patient. Results: FDO 2 increased proportional to the supplemental O 2 flow in all NIV options and in both kinds of patients. The range of FDO 2 came from 0.25 to 0.98 in both, healthy and sick lungs. At 5 L/min, FDO 2 was 0.53±0.04 and 0.47±0.02 in option 1 and 0.53±0.04 and 0.47±0.02 in option 2 for healthy and sick lungs, respectively. In option 3, 5 L/min of O 2 reached 0.84±0.08 in healthy and 0.74±0.09 in sick lungs. Conclusions: In all setups, FDO 2 was proportional to the administered O 2 flow and it covered the range of FDO 2 values commonly observed in ventilated patients.
Comparison of two platforms for the measurement of fg/mL concentrations of protein biomarkers using single molecule arrays and digital ELISA: the benchtop reader Quanterix SR-X™, and the fully automated analyzer HD-1™ (2018)

Abstract Digital ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) based on single molecule arrays (Simoa) has improved sensitivity of traditional ELISA from picomolar (10−12M) to femtomolar (10−15M), increasing the quality and quantity of biomarkers that can be measured for health and disease. Digital ELISA counts signal generated from single immunocomplexes formed on superparamagnetic beads confined in arrays of femtoliter-sized wells in which fluorescent molecules are highly concentrated. Quanterix has developed digital ELISA assays in a fully-automated instrument (Simoa HD-1 Analyzer), ideal for use in pharmaceutical companies, drug discovery, clinical research and other areas necessitating full automation and high throughput. Recent advancements in the Simoa technology and workflow have been integrated into the new SR-X benchtop reader, with a smaller footprint and more flexible workflow. Operators prepare assays in microtiter plates at the bench in a semi-automated format similar to traditional ELISA, with the notable exception that plates are preserved by drying after assay completion, and can be read immediately or the next day. We present results comparing performance of the following Simoa assays on SR-X to HD-1: PSA; HIV p24; Tau; Neurofilament-light; PD-L1; TNFa; IL-10; IL-17A; IL-6 and a neurology multiplex panel consisting of NF-L, tau, GFAP and UCH-L1. Measured sample levels correlated with R2 values from 0.96 to 1.00, with average LOD and LLOQ within 1.4 and 1.5 fold of HD-1, respectively. Inter-assay precision ranged from 4.0 to 11.2% CV across assays. Operators tested full-plates from start to finish within 1 – 2 hours (1/2 hour hands on time) and a read time of 2 hours (5 minutes hands on time).
Optimal patch code design via device characterization (2011)

In many color measurement applications, such as those for color calibration and profiling, "patch code" has been used successfully for job identification and automation to reduce operator errors. A patch code is similar to a barcode, but is intended primarily for use in measurement devices that cannot read barcodes due to limited spatial resolution, such as spectrophotometers. There is an inherent tradeoff between decoding robustness and the number of code levels available for encoding. Previous methods have attempted to address this tradeoff, but those solutions have been sub-optimal. In this paper, we propose a method to design optimal patch codes via device characterization. The tradeoff between decoding robustness and the number of available code levels is optimized in terms of printing and measurement efforts, and decoding robustness against noises from the printing and measurement devices. Effort is drastically reduced relative to previous methods because print-and-measure is minimized through modeling and the use of existing printer profiles. Decoding robustness is improved by distributing the code levels in CIE Lab space rather than in CMYK space.
Implementation of a Polysilicon Micro Electro-Thermal Detector in Gas Chromatography System with Applications in Portable Environmental Monitoring (2015)

Thermal conductivity detectors work based on electro-thermal interaction between rate of heat loss to the surrounding gas from a hot element and resistance change due to temperature variation of the heater. Our developed ultra-low power polysilicon microbridge TCD provides ultra-fast response time and high sensitivity along with lower power consumption that makes it suitable for portable GC in environmental and bioengineering applications. In this work we modeled and tested the microTCD operation as a detector in a GC system. MicroTCD was packaged and connected to a 3 m long separation column in GC and was tested with injections of hexane and mixture of six standard compounds in helium carrier. Modeling and experimental results show that the effect of carrier gas flow speed on power consumption and heat loss from the microbridge is small and therefore the microTCD is insensitive to various typical flow rates. A new method of excitation and measurement of the detector was utilized to avoid base temperature drifting and achieve superior resolution in extended range of operations while consuming only 0.4 mW power. The microTCD response for different compound was obtained and compared with standard Flame Ionization Detector (FID) results.
Analysis of the tetraspanin CD9–integrin αIIbβ3 (GPIIb-IIIa) complex in platelet membranes and transfected cells (1997)

The platelet integrin, alphaIIbbeta3 (GPIIb-IIIa), and the tetraspanin, CD9, are integral membrane proteins that are abundant in platelet membranes. We have identified several proteins, including CD9, which were co-precipitated by anti-alphaIIbbeta3 antibody from untreated, resting platelets that were solubilized with the poly(oxyethylene) non-ionic detergent, Brij-35. Immunoblot and quantitative immunoprecipitation showed that the association of alphaIIbbeta3 with CD9 is specific and stoichiometric. The interaction between CD9 and alphaIIbbeta3 is probably hydrophobic, as Triton X-100 and hydrophobic detergents of the Brij series completely dissociated the CD9-alphaIIbbeta3 complex. Recombinant CD9 and alphaIIbbeta3 can associate after transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells, as seen by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization in the periphery of spreading cells and in the lamellipodia of cells plated on fibrinogen. This co-localization is absent from focal adhesions. Furthermore, anti-CD9-coated latex beads clustered alphaIIbbeta3 with CD9. This work indicates that the tetraspanin, CD9, is associated with beta3 integrins in resting platelets and transfected cells.
Improved quantitation for PET/CT image reconstruction with system modeling and anatomical priors (2006)

Accurate quantitation of positron emission tomography (PET) tracer uptake levels in tumors is important for staging and monitoring response to treatment. Quantitative accuracy in PET is particularly poor for small tumors because of system partial volume errors and smoothing operations. This work proposes a reconstruction algorithm to reduce the quantitative errors due to limited system resolution and due to necessary image noise reduction. We propose a method for finding and using the detection system response in the projection matrix of a statistical reconstruction algorithm. In addition, we use aligned anatomical information, available in PET/CT scanners, to govern the penalty term applied during each image update. These improvements are combined with Fourier rebinning in a clinically feasible algorithm for reconstructing fully three-dimensional PET data. Results from simulation and measured studies show improved quantitation of tumor values in terms of bias and variance across multiple tumor sizes and activity levels with the proposed method. At common clinical image noise levels for the detection task, the proposed method reduces the error in maximum tumor values by 11% compared to filtered back-projection and 5% compared to conventional iterative methods.
Robust Anti‐Tumor T Cell Response with Efficient Intratumoral Infiltration by Nanodisc Cancer Immunotherapy (2020)

Potent anti-tumor T cell response and efficient intratumoral T cell infiltration are the major challenges for therapeutic cancer vaccines. To address these issues, a nano-vaccine system has been designed to promote anti-tumor T cell responses, and intratumoral infiltration was examined in various murine tumor models. Subcutaneous vaccination with nanodiscs carrying human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 E7 antigen elicits as high as ~32% E7-specific CD8 α + T cell responses in circulation, representing a 29-fold improvement over the soluble peptide vaccination. Importantly, nanodisc vaccination also promotes robust intratumoral T cell infiltration and eliminates HPV16 E6/E7-expressing TC-1 tumors at mucosal sites, including lungs, inner lip, and intravaginal tissues. In a benchmark study with a live Listeria vaccine combined with anti-PD-1 IgG, nanodiscs plus anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade elicits comparable levels of T cell responses with anti-tumor efficacy. Furthermore, compared with Complete Freund's Adjuvant combined with tetanus toxoid, nanodisc vaccination in HLA-A02 mice generates >200-fold stronger IFN-γ+ T cell responses against a neoantigen from an HLA-A02 melanoma patient. Overall, these results show that the nanodisc system is a promising cancer vaccine platform for inducing anti-tumor T cell responses.
18.3: 3‐D Metrology System based on a Bi‐directional OLED Microdisplay (2012)

Abstract Bi‐directional OLED based microdisplays offer interesting possibilities for new applications. Light emission and detection is included in one chip by using OLED‐on‐CMOS‐technology. Such device has been primary made for optocouplers or photoelectric barriers, but it offers interesting possibilities for other application fields, e.g. multimedia and metrology. A new optical concept of a 3‐D metrology sensor based on bi‐directional OLED microdisplay will be presented.
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV): Developments and Future Perspectives (2009)

Studies in patients and chimpanzees that spontaneously clear Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) have demonstrated that natural immunity to the virus is induced during primary infections and that this immunity can be cross protective. These discoveries led to optimism regarding prophylactic HCV vaccines and a number of studies in the chimpanzee model have been performed, all of which resulted in modified infections after challenge but did not always prevent persistence of the virus. Therapeutic vaccine strategies have also been pursued in an effort to reduce the costs and side effects associated with anti-viral drug treatment. This review summarizes the studies performed thus far in both patients and chimpanzees for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination, assesses the progress made and future perspectives.
스포츠 심리학 : 수용범위 결과지식이 운동 학습에 미치는 영향 (1996)

본 연구는 수용범위 10% 집단과 상대빈도 100% 집단, 그리고 수용범위 10% 집단과 동일한 빈도로 결과지식 제공을 조작한 동반 집단을 골프 퍼팅 과제의 수행으로 비교하였다. 이 실험을 통해 수용범위 조건에서 나타나는 감소된 빈도의 효과와 공백시행간에 갖는 고유의 효과를 밝혀내고자 하였다.
48명의 피험자는 수용범위 10% 집단, 상대빈도 100% 집단, 그리고 동반집단에 무선 배정되었다. 모든 피험자는 각 집단별 조건하에서 3.5m를 목표로 습득시행 10회, 5분 후 즉각 파지검사 10회, 그리고 24시간 후 지연 파지검사 10회의 골프 퍼팅 과제를 실시하였다. 항상오차, 절대오차, 그리고 가변오차를 산출하여 각각 변량분석을 한 후 유의한 차를 나타낸 경우 사후검증(Tukey`s HSD)하였다.
연구 결과, 수행자의 수행수준에 의해 능동적으로 결과지식이 제공되는 수용범위 조건이 매 시행마다 결과지식을 제공받는 상대빈도 100% 조건보다 골프 퍼팅 과제 학습에 효과적이었다. 또한, 수용범위 조건은 공백시행간에 질적 정보와 정확한 수행에 대한 강화를 받음으로써 동일한 빈도의 동반 집단보다 학습을 더 촉진시켰다.
In-vacuum cleaving and coating of semiconductor laser facets using thin silicon and a dielectric (1996)

We propose and demonstrate a novel approach to the coating of semiconductor laser facets. In this approach, processed semiconductor lasers are cleaved in a high-vacuum system immediately followed by coating of the vacuum-exposed facet with a very thin Si layer (≤100 Å) and a large band gap dielectric (Al2O3) layer. The Si layer is sufficiently thin to avoid the formation of quantized bound states in the Si. GaAs coated with thin Si and Al2O3 have a higher luminescence yield and a lower surface recombination velocity than bare GaAs surfaces as well as GaAs surfaces coated with Al2O3 only. A surface recombination velocity of 3×104 cm/s has been obtained using a modified dead layer model for the Si/Al2O3 sample. It is also shown that lasers which are cleaved in vacuum and subsequently coated with Si and Al2O3 have improved properties including an increased threshold for catastrophic optical damage.
Microbial Science Research in the Post-COVID Environment (2021)

Since early 2020, the world has witnessed the unprecedented accomplishments of the scientific community in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In the meantime, we also learned valuable lessons and recognized the challenges that hindered our successes. In this article, we synthesize the ideas discussed at the ASM Virtual Symposium: Microbial Science Research in the Post-COVID Environment on 10 November 2020. We propose three new approaches that microbiology researchers can embrace to overcome these challenges. Moreover, we suggest broad systematic changes to focus on social impacts, teamwork, and diversity, equity, and inclusion. We believe these values are needed to prepare the microbial science research community for future opportunities and challenges.
What Does Motion Reveal About Transparency (2003)

The perception of transparent objects from images is known to be a very hard problem in vision. Given a single image, it is difficult to even detect the presence of transparent objects in the scene. In this paper, we explore what can be said about transparent objects by a moving observer. We show how features that are imaged through a transparent object behave differently from those that are rigidly attached to the scene. We present a novel model-based approach to recover the shapes and the poses of transparent objects from known motion. The objects can be complex in that they may be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices. We have conducted numerous simulations to verify the practical feasibility of our algorithm. We have applied it to real scenes that include transparent objects and recovered the shapes of
Expression of neurotrophin receptors during rat tooth development is developmentally regulated, independent of innervation, and suggests functions in the regulation of morphogenesis and innervation (1996)

Low-affinity neurotrophin receptor (LANR) and trk receptor tyrosine kinases (trks) serve as low- and high-affinity receptors for neurotrophins. Besides promoting the development and maintenance of the mammalian nervous system, it has been suggested that neurotrophins may have broader functions in the development of non-neuronal tissues. To evaluate the possible roles of neurotrophic factors in tooth development, we performed a detailed examination of the expression patterns of neurotrophin receptors during development of the rat tooth from initiation to completion of crown morphogenesis. mRNA expression was studied by in situ hybridisation and LANR protein was localised by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, dissected tooth germs were cultured in vitro to examined the role of trigeminal innervation in the expression of neurotrophin receptors. mRNAs for LANR, trkB, and trkC, but not trkA, were detected in developing teeth. LANR and the truncated form of trkB, which lacks the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, were expressed throughout tooth morphogenesis and their expression patterns were largely non-overlapping and changed spatio-temporally. trkC was expressed after birth, and it was restricted to dental papilla mesenchyme. The expression of all receptors correlated with the development of innervation, but, in addition, the expression of LANR and trkB appeared to be associated with cell differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The patterns of LANR, trkB, and trkC in teeth which underwent morphogenesis in organ culture were similar to those in vivo, which indicates that the expression of these neurotrophin receptors is not regulated by and does not depend on trigeminal innervation. The data suggest that neurotrophin receptors have roles in the development of tooth innervation, but that they also have non-neuronal, organogenetic functions.
Rapid dissonant grunting, or, But why does music sound the way it does? (2021)

Each target article contributes important proto-musical building blocks that constrain music-as-we-know-it. However, neither the credible signaling nor social bonding accounts elucidate the central mystery of why music sounds the way it does. Getting there requires working out how proto-musical building blocks combine and interact to create the complex, rich and affecting music humans create and enjoy.