gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-level context representation for emotion recognition in images (2023)

Emotion recognition is the task of classifying perceived emotions in people. Previous works have utilized various nonverbal cues to extract features from images and correlate them to emotions. Of these cues, situational context is particularly crucial in emotion perception since it can directly influence the emotion of a person. In this paper, we propose an approach for high-level context representation extraction from images. The model relies on a single cue and a single encoding stream to correlate this representation with emotions. Our model competes with the state-of-the-art, achieving an mAP of 0.3002 on the EMOTIC dataset while also being capable of execution on consumer-grade hardware at ≈ 90 frames per second. Overall, our approach is more efficient than previous models and can be easily deployed to address real-world problems related to emotion recognition.
Magnetization switching probability in the dynamical switching regime driven by spin-transfer torque (2022)

We study magnetization switching in the dynamical regime for in-plane magnetized systems, useful for field-free spin-orbit torque switching devices. We derive a formula for the switching probability, characterized by the thermal stability factor, critical current density, and the linewidth of ferromagnetic resonance. The formula agrees well with numerical simulations based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. To study the viability of the theory developed, the switching probability of an in-plane magnetized ferromagnet in three-terminal spin-orbit torque switching devices is measured. We find that the transition width of the switching probability versus current increases with decreasing pulse width. The shape of the probability density, the current derivative of the switching probability, changes with varying pulse width. These characteristics are in good agreement with the theory developed. From the analyses, we show that the dynamical and thermally activated switching regimes can be distinguished simply from the shape of the probability density. The formula therefore provides useful means to analyze the switching probability of two-terminal spin torque and three-terminal spin-orbit torque switching devices.
Host-Pathogen Interactions ofActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaewith Porcine Lung and Tracheal Epithelial Cells (2009)

Host-pathogen interactions are of great importance in understanding the pathogenesis of infectious microorganisms. We developed in vitro models to study the host-pathogen interactions of porcine respiratory tract pathogens using two immortalized epithelial cell lines, namely, the newborn pig trachea (NPTr) and St. Jude porcine lung (SJPL) cell lines. We first studied the interactions of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, an important swine pathogen, using these models. Under conditions where cytotoxicity was absent or low, we showed that A. pleuropneumoniae adheres to both cell lines, stimulating the induction of NF-kappaB. The NPTr cells consequently secrete interleukin 8, while the SJPL cells do not, since they are deprived of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit. Cell death ultimately occurs by necrosis, not apoptosis. The transcriptomic profile of A. pleuropneumoniae was determined after contact with the porcine lung epithelial cells by using DNA microarrays. Genes such as tadB and rcpA, members of a putative adhesin locus, and a gene whose product has high homology to the Hsf autotransporter adhesin of Haemophilus influenzae were upregulated, as were the genes pgaBC, involved in biofilm biosynthesis, while capsular polysaccharide-associated genes were downregulated. The in vitro models also proved to be efficient with other swine pathogens, such as Actinobacillus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, and Pasteurella multocida. Our results demonstrate that interactions of A. pleuropneumoniae with host epithelial cells seem to involve complex cross talk which results in regulation of various bacterial genes, including some coding for putative adhesins. Furthermore, our data demonstrate the potential of these in vitro models in studying the host-pathogen interactions of other porcine respiratory tract pathogens.
CMOS-compatible Silicon-Rich Nitride Waveguides for Ultrafast Nonlinear Signal Processing (2016)

We report on the linear and nonlinear characterization of PECVD Si-rich-nitride-waveguides. We show that the nonlinear properties can be enhanced by one order of magnitude with respect to standard Si&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in the 1550-nm-region without suffering two-photon-absorption.
Tissue transglutaminase 2 inhibition promotes cell death and chemosensitivity in glioblastomas (2005)

Tissue transglutaminase 2 belongs to a family of transglutaminase proteins that confers mechanical resistance from proteolysis and stabilizes proteins. Transglutaminase 2 promotes transamidation between glutamine and lysine residues with the formation of covalent linkages between proteins. Transglutaminase 2 also interacts and forms complexes with proteins important in extracellular matrix organization and cellular adhesion. We have identified the novel finding that treatment of glioblastoma cells with transglutaminase 2 inhibitors promotes cell death and enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy. Treatment with either the competitive transglutaminase 2 inhibitor, monodansylcadaverine, or with highly specific small-molecule transglutaminase 2 inhibitors, KCA075 or KCC009, results in induction of apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Treatment with these transglutaminase 2 inhibitors resulted in markedly decreased levels of the prosurvival protein, phosphorylated Akt, and its downstream targets. These changes promote a proapoptotic profile with altered levels of multiple intracellular proteins that determine cell survival. These changes include decreased levels of the antiapoptotic proteins, survivin, phosphorylated Bad, and phosphorylated glycogen synthetase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta), and increased levels of the proapoptotic BH3-only protein, Bim. In vivo studies with s.c. murine DBT glioblastoma tumors treated with transglutaminase 2 inhibitors combined with the chemotherapeutic agent, N-N'-bis (2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea (BCNU), decreased tumor size based on weight by 50% compared with those treated with BCNU alone. Groups treated with transglutaminase 2 inhibitors showed an increased incidence of apoptosis determined with deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotin nick-end labeling staining. These studies identify inhibition of transglutaminase 2 as a potential target to enhance cell death and chemosensitivity in glioblastomas.
Liquid Crystal Phases Exhibited by Some Monosaccharides (1984)

Abstract Recently some mono-alkylated derivatives of β-D-glucopyranoside and thio-α-D-mannopyranoside were shown to exhibit liquid crystal properties. The structure of the phase produced by these materials was described as being of a layered smectic type. However, a full classification of the phase was not given. The present investigation defines the phase as smectic A with a bilayer structuring. The lamellar spacings previously found for the phase agree with calculated values for a bilayer ordering in which the carbohydrate moieties overlap to produce an extensively hydrogen bonded structure. The phase was found to be immiscible with the A phases of conventional smectogens because the hydrogen bonding necessary for phase formation is disrupted in binary mixtures.
A PC-based instrumentation board that overcomes many drawbacks of typical commercial data acquisition systems for electrophysiological recording applications (2005)

The accessibility of adequate instrumentation to conduct fundamental researches for the development of new diagnostic tools and methods in electrophysiology is essential. As such, many researchers develop proprietary instrumentation systems based on commercially available data acquisition boards. These boards are typically not designed for recording electrophysiological signals and as such, they may introduce significant error artifacts such as signal distortions, which in turn may lead to false interpretations. In this paper, we describe a data acquisition board that has the specifications required to adequately record many electrophysiological signals (e.g. cardiac mapping, body surface potential mapping) under difficult conditions, as it is often the case in a fundamental research environment. Furthermore, unlike other comparable in-house systems, it enables custom hardware functions to be implemented to support specific requirements encountered in a research environment. The card can also be installed directly in any modern personal computer offering an inexpensive, open, powerful, and very flexible system allowing researchers to easily take advantage of both commercial hardware and software to tailor the final system configuration for their particular needs.
Fair and QoS-Oriented Spectrum Splitting in Macrocell-Femtocell Networks (2010)

In split spectrum macrocell-femtocell networks, certain portion of the available spectrum resources are dedicated to each tier in order to avoid interference problems among the tiers. In such a setting, effective partitioning of the spectrum resources carries critical importance for maximizing the total capacity and satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements of the users within each tier. This paper proposes spectrum splitting methods for a macrocell-femtocell network considering factors other than the capacity maximization. First, a capacity maximizing spectrum splitting solution is derived based on certain simplifying assumptions. Then, a modified QoS-oriented fairness metric is introduced which captures important characteristics of tiered network structures that are not captured by the Jain's fairness index. Finally, a spectrum splitting strategy that simultaneously considers capacity maximization, fairness constraints, and QoS constraints is proposed. Example numerical results show that while only considering total capacity maximization may yield unfair spectrum splitting, a more balanced spectrum allocation can be achieved by also considering fairness and QoS constraints.
Extending cellular authentication as a service (2005)

Enterprising service providers keep dreaming up and deploying exciting new services. But every time you sign up to such a service, chances are that you have to pick and remember a username and password. A better solution would be to provide a more generic way of authenticating users. For that we need an easy-to-use, strong, and scalable authentication infrastructure. The costliest step in setting up such an infrastructure is the provisioning of credentials, for example in the form of smart cards, to the user. Actually, cellular network operators already have such an authentication infrastructure deployed in subscriber smartcards. But there hasn't been a standardized, generic way to reuse this infrastructure for other service until now. (5 pages)
Alteration of chromosome arm 6p is characteristic of primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma, as identified by genome‐wide allelotyping (2001)

Five cases of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) each have been studied with 375 microsatellite markers from all 22 autosomes. Of the 151 genomic alterations among the 1,875 assays, only five were allelic losses. The remainder of the microsatellite alterations consisted of 114 allelic imbalances and 32 instabilities. Microsatellite alterations were found in all cases on chromosomal arms 6p and 9p. These allelic imbalances most likely are indicative of genetic amplification, a finding agreeing well with those of studies using either comparative genomic hybridization or arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction, in which amplification of chromosome arm 9p in PMBL has been found. The allelic imbalances on chromosome arm 6p always included marker D6S276 located at 6p21.3-p22.3, where the MHC class I genes reside. These allelic imbalances may be reflective of alterations in the expression of the MHC gene products, characteristic of PMBL. Allelic anomalies close to the MYB gene locus on 6q were detected in two cases and prompted the analysis of MYB rearrangements in a series of 30 lymphomas. One rearrangement was detected in one of 18 cases of PMBL and in none of 10 diffuse, large B-cell lymphomas and two T-cell lymphomas. Our genome-wide microsatellite analysis provides independent confirmation that PMBL is characterized by infrequent chromosomal losses and by frequent genetic alterations involving chromosomal arm 9p. For the first time, chromosomal arm 6p has been identified as a highly frequent target of genetic alterations in this tumor type. Finally, MYB may also be involved occasionally in PMBL pathogenesis. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Multivariate analysis of pixelated diffraction data (2011)

A novel pixelated ASIC detector using Cadmium Telluride is applied to a combined energy dispersive- and angular dispersive- X-ray diffraction system. This system is designed to obtain multiple diffraction signatures of powdered materials simultaneously. The diffraction data is analyzed using multivariate partial least squares regression utilizing the diffraction spectra at multiple scatter angles, and material concentration in a three-way regression analysis. The calibration models are used to predict unknown samples, and show that utilizing the angular information can help improve concentration prediction in samples of mixtures and has potential in material identification systems. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.
Re: Ca 2+ /Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II is Associated with Pelvic Pain of Neurogenic Cystitis (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Mar 2013Re: Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II is Associated with Pelvic Pain of Neurogenic Cystitis Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.11.124AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II is Associated with Pelvic Pain of Neurogenic Cystitis." The Journal of Urology, 189(3), p. 1162 © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 3March 2013Page: 1162 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
In-Loop Noise-Filtered Prediction for High Efficiency Video Coding (2014)

In this paper, we focus on optimization and enhancement of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) with respect to professional applications. In most of the professional video applications, noise dominates the compression performance. We therefore theoretically and practically analyze the denoising performance of an HEVC codec and show that, especially for low to medium quantization parameters (QPs), the source noise is still present in the reconstructed frame. This motivates us to use an explicit in-loop reference frame denoising filter for this quality range. We show how the noise, which badly influences the prediction, can be modeled and estimated. Two approaches are introduced, in which either the noise is calculated from prior knowledge or estimated automatically without prior knowledge. A denoising filter that exploits the HEVC core transform is introduced. Finally, a coding mode adaptive scheme for motion compensation using the noise-filtered reference frame is described. The compression results show that especially for low to medium QP settings as well as lossless compression considerable bitrate savings can be achieved using the proposed schemes.
Nucleation Phenomena Interpreted by Fluctuation/Dissipation Theory (2021)

An argument is presented in the attempt to link the nucleation phenomenon to a broader interpretation and manifestations termed “Fluctuation and Dissipation theory”. The connection is made that the nucleation phenomenon can be thought of as being developed from “noise” which in the case of glass and crystals is spontaneous as the composition fluctuates. In many ways it will be shown it to have phenomenological similarities to turbulence and the Liesegang phenomenon, and perhaps even to some extent, evolution [1] which all having sudden threshold-like behaviors. In this paper an argument will be made of the common features of these three phenomena by comparing the mathematical equations describing the three phenomena and indicating that they inherently contain the terms that give rise to instability and how this can explained with recourse to fluctuation/dissipation theory.
Development of an Electrolarynx Capable of Supporting Tonal Distinctions in Mandarin (2014)

Tone distinction is a vital part of languages such as Mandarin, where the same words said in different tones could mean vastly different things. For people who have lost their voicebox, usually due to the cancer of the larynx, making this tone distinction becomes impossible with currently available Electrolarynxes which are limited to monotones. Further, due to a lack of tone distinction, the resulting voice sounds ‘robotic’ and unnatural. Wan et. al recently developed an electrolarynx capable of tonal control using a trackball, and TruTone® from Griffin Laboratories is another EL that features tone modulation via capacitive buttons. These designs feature user-interfaces which make it hard for pitch-changing during speaking, especially for tonal languages. This senior design project focuses on developing an Electrolarynx-based system capable of modulating vocal frequencies so that tonal distinctions can be made for Mandarin. We have developed a novel user interface using a gyroscope so that an electrolarynx user might be able to select and produce the tones necessary to converse in Mandarin. The gyroscope is embedded into a custom-made electrolarynx body along with a microcontroller (ATMEGA328) and additional circuitry for digital-to-analog conversion, voltage-controlled oscillation and amplification. Our system is capable of accurately reproducing the four tones in Mandarin, along with the fifth ‘non-tone’ as well as taking care of tone transition rules in Mandarin. Initial results have shown as much as 90% accuracy in the identification of the four individual tones produced by our Electrolarynx system and understandable speech with multiple syllables.
An allene adduct of ditungsten hexa-tert-butoxide: prediction of a stabilized .mu.-.eta.3-CH2CCH2 moiety (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn allene adduct of ditungsten hexa-tert-butoxide: prediction of a stabilized .mu.-.eta.3-CH2CCH2 moietyRoger H. Cayton, Malcolm H. Chisholm, and Mark J. Hampden-SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 13, 4438–4440Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00221a068Request reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanically collimated high-energy gamma ray imagers. (1995)

This dissertation focuses on the development of multi-hole mechanical collimators for high energy gamma ray imaging. Two variations of this collimator, the fixed multi-hole mechanical collimator and the rotating multi-hole mechanical collimator were designed, analyzed, modeled and fabricated. These collimators were used in the fabrication of three high energy mechanically collimated gamma ray imagers for nuclear industrial applications. The first gamma ray imager, the RMD-Pinhole camera, was fabricated using a pin-hole collimator, a segmented BGO detector and a position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). The second gamma ray imager, fixed multiple hole collimated camera (FMCC), was fabricated using a multiple hole collimator, a single slab NaI(Tl) detector and a PSPMT. The third gamma ray imager, rotating multiple hole collimated camera (RMCC), was fabricated using a double layered multiple hole collimator and an array of CsI(Tl) detectors each coupled to a PIN photodiode. The response of the cameras to gamma rays from 122 keV to 810 keV was measured. Performance parameters of these cameras have been been measured and measured, including their energy resolution, angular resolution, image uniformity and sensitivity among others are measured and presented. The measured energy resolutions ranged from 7% FWHM at 662 keV (RMCC) to 25% FWHM at 662 keV (RMD-Pinhole). The angular resolutions measured varied from 4$\sp\circ$ FWHM (RMCC) at 810 keV to 6$\sp\circ$ FWHM at 412 keV (FMCC). The ability of the cameras to image distributed sources is demonstrated using several source distributions shown here.
Hydrogen bonding, mechanical properties, and surface morphology of clay/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites (2004)

Abstract A novel clay/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) nanocomposite was synthesized from polyurethane and saponite organoclay. The clay was organically modified with various swelling agents, the effect of which has been investigated. Hydrogen bonding between organic and inorganic materials was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results implied that hydrogen bonding increased when organoclay was added. Mechanical and wear property studies revealed that introducing clay into waterborne polyurethane will enhance the Young's modulus (from 56 to 126 MPa), the maximum stress (from 3.9 to 7.6 MPa), and the elongation at break (from 27.7 to 58.7%) of the nanocomposite by a factor of two, whereas the wear loss will be only one third of the neat waterborne polyurethane. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze the surface morphology of the nanocomposite. An AFM microphotograph showed that the surface of the clay/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite was smoother when clay was added in waterborne polyurethane. The average roughness ( R a ) decreased from 1.00 to 0.12. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1–12, 2005
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Studies of the Chemisorption of Organosulfur Compounds on Au(111). Implications for Molecular Self‐Assembly on Gold Surfaces. (1987)

Abstract In contrast to methanethiol (molecular adsorption) the formation of a stable surface thiolate is observed from dimethyl disulfide under UHV conditions.
Correlation between hemolytic profile and phylotype of Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) and orthopedic implant infection (2019)

The β-hemolytic profile of <i>C. acnes</i> did not correlate with phylotype or clinically relevant orthopedic infection.