gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIAL ATTRIBUTES OF ORGANIC INFUSED BEEF CUTS (LONGISSMUS DORSI) (2011)

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine the effect of infusing food grade organic acids on the shelf life of fresh beef kept at refrigeration temperature of 5C. Citric, lactic, acetic and tartaric acids were infused individually in concentrations of 0.5, 0.75 and 1.00% into fresh beef slices. Infusion was carried out under pulled of 29.5 in. Hg. for 20 min. Samples were dropped dried and stored at 5C for 28 days. pH, water activity, total plate count (TPC), thiobarbaturic acid values, Hunter color values and instrumental texture were determined. The pH value of the treated samples dropped from the initial pH of 5.30 (untreated) to 4.20–4.47 and the TPC values were lower than 107 colony-forming units/g on day 16, 20 and 28 in samples treated with 0.5, 0.75 and 1.00% acids, respectively. The instrumental texture of the treated samples was harder upon treatment, which decreased gradually during storage period. The maximum shelf life of treated beef was extended to 12–24 days and citric acid in concentration of 1.00% gave the best effect. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS In this study four acids were infused individually in concentrations of 0.5, 0.75 and 1.00% into fresh beef slices to determine the effect of infusing technology on its shelf life at refrigerated temperature of 5C. Samples were dried and stored at 5C for 28 days. pH, water activity, total plate count, thiobarbaturic acid values, Hunter color values and instrumental texture were determined. The treatments with higher acids concentrations minimized microorganism's growth and reduced the development of lipid oxidation.
Micromachining of Metals, Alloys, and Ceramics by Picosecond Laser Ablation (2010)

Microhole drilling and microstructure machining with a picosecond (ps) Nd:YVO4 laser (pulse duration of 10 ps) in metals, alloys, and ceramics are reported. Blind and through microholes are drilled by percussion drilling as well as trepanning drilling, where the diameters of the holes are in the range of 20–1000 μm. Microfeatures are also machined and the flexibility of ps laser machining is demonstrated. The quality of drilled holes, e.g., recast layer, microcrack, and conicity, and that of the microstructures, are investigated by an optical microscope, a surface profilometer, or a scanning electron microscope. Ps laser ablation rate is studied by experiments and a simplified laser ablation model.
Stereoselective alkylation of an Evans auxiliary derivative within a pressure-driven micro reactor (2004)

A simple technique for the diastereoselective alkylation of a metal stabilised enolate is demonstrated within a pressure-driven micro reactor whereby enhanced diastereoselectivities were obtained compared to batch.
Huntington’s Disease iPSC-Derived Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Reveal WNT-Mediated Angiogenic and Blood-Brain Barrier Deficits (2017)

Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are an essential component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that shields the brain against toxins and immune cells. While BBB dysfunction exists in neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD), it is not known if BMECs themselves are functionally compromised to promote BBB dysfunction. Further, the underlying mechanisms of BBB dysfunction remain elusive given limitations with mouse models and post-mortem tissue to identify primary deficits. We undertook a transcriptome and functional analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BMECs (iBMEC) from HD patients or unaffected controls. We demonstrate that HD iBMECs have intrinsic abnormalities in angiogenesis and barrier properties, as well as in signaling pathways governing these processes. Thus, our findings provide an iPSC-derived BBB model for a neurodegenerative disease and demonstrate autonomous neurovascular deficits that may underlie HD pathology with implications for therapeutics and drug delivery.
Hybrid Beamforming for mm-Wave Massive MIMO Systems with Partially Connected RF Architecture (2020)

To satisfy the capacity requirements of future mobile systems, under-utilized millimeter wave frequencies can be efficiently exploited by employing massive MIMO technology with highly directive beamforming. Hybrid analog-digital beamforming has been recognised as a promising approach for large-scale MIMO implementations with a reduced number of costly and power-hungry RF chains. In comparison to fully connected architecture, hybrid beamforming (HBF) with partially connected RF architecture is particularly appealing for the practical implementation due to less complex RF power division and combining networks. In this paper, we first formulate single- and multi-user rate maximization problems as weighted minimum mean square error (WMMSE) and derive solutions for hybrid beamformers using alternating optimization. The algorithms are designed for the full-array- and sub-array-based processing strategies of partially connected HBF architecture. In addition to the rate maximizing WMMSE solutions, we propose lower complexity sub-array-based zero-forcing algorithms. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated in two different channel models, i.e., a simple geometric model and a realistic statistical millimeter wave model known as NYUSIM. The performance results of the WMMSE HBF algorithms are meant to reveal the potential of partially connected HBF and serve as upper bounds for lower complexity methods. Numerical results imply that properly designed partially connected HBF has the potential to provide an good compromise between hardware complexity and system performance in comparison to fully digital beamforming.
Compact multichannel optical power monitor module for DWDM networks using a novel glass diffraction grating (2002)

A real time power-monitoring module for each wavelength channel that is suitable for guarding dense WDM (DWDM) networks and controlling an optical fiber amplifier is described. We proposed a compact real time demultiplexing channel monitor module (DCMM), which was applied to a micro-monochromator using an optimised photodetector array (PDA) and a novel sol-gel glass diffraction grating. The on board type demultiplexing channel monitor modules, which were based on the simple free space optics of the littrow mount with a low thermal expansion coefficient package, were fabricated and the optical performance estimated. From the results, it was found that the flattop and athermal characteristics of the wavelength responses were the best solution for DWDM channel monitoring systems.
Silanolytic Chain Transfer in Olefin Polymerization with Supported Single-Site Ziegler−Natta Catalysts (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSilanolytic Chain Transfer in Olefin Polymerization with Supported Single-Site Ziegler−Natta CatalystsHaruyuki Makio, Kwangmo Koo, and Tobin J. MarksView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 14, 4676–4679Publication Date (Web):May 26, 2001Publication History Received16 January 2001Revised30 April 2001Published online26 May 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma010082rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma010082rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views423Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Group 14 compounds,Hydrocarbons,Inorganic compounds,Polyethylene Get e-Alerts
Fashion IQ: A New Dataset Towards Retrieving Images by Natural Language Feedback (2019)

Conversational interfaces for the detail-oriented retail fashion domain are more natural, expressive, and user friendly than classical keyword-based search interfaces. In this paper, we introduce the Fashion IQ dataset to support and advance research on interactive fashion image retrieval. Fashion IQ is the first fashion dataset to provide human-generated captions that distinguish similar pairs of garment images together with side-information consisting of real-world product descriptions and derived visual attribute labels for these images. We provide a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the Fashion IQ data, and present a transformer-based user simulator and interactive image retriever that can seamlessly integrate visual attributes with image features, user feedback, and dialog history, leading to improved performance over the state of the art in dialog-based image retrieval. We believe that our dataset will encourage further work on developing more natural and real-world applicable conversational shopping assistants.
Wavelet-based neural pattern analyzer for behaviorally significant burst pattern recognition (2008)

Closed-loop neural prosthesis systems rely on accurately recording neural data from multiple neurons and detecting behaviorally meaningful patterns before representing them in a highly compressed form for wireless transmission over a limited-bandwidth link. We present a novel wavelet-based approach for detecting spikes, grouping them as bursts and building a dynamic vocabulary of meaningful burst patterns. Simulation results on pre-recorded in vivo multi-channel extracellular neural data from the buccal ganglion of Aplysia demonstrate the feasibility of behavior recognition as well as data compression (>500X) by the proposed approach.
Tension Hydrothorax from Intrapleural Migration of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt (1989)

A male newborn underwent a myelomeningocele repair, with subsequent placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for treatment of hydrocephalus. Five days after shunt surgery, the infant acutely developed a deeply sunken fontanel, pallor, tachypnea, bradycardia, and irritability. Chest radiographs revealed intrathoracic migration of the distal shunt tubing and a tension hydrothorax. Treatment consisted of tube thoracostomy and temporary externalization of the distal shunt tubing. The patient fully recovered. The acute onset of shock in association with a sunken fontanel in a neonate with a shunt should raise the suspicion of tension hydrothorax. For critically ill infants immediate needle aspiration or thoracostomy is suggested. In less severely ill children, exposure of the shunt tubing in the neck and withdrawal of the pleural effusion by the distal shunt tubing may be performed as an emergency measure. The early recognition and urgent management of this problem are emphasized.
Reliability Analysis of Scaled NAND Flash Memory Based SSDs with Real Workload Characteristics by Using Real Usage-Based Precise Reliability Test (2018)

In order to reduce the memory cell errors in real-usage of NAND flash-based SSD, real usage-based precise reliability test for NAND flash of SSDs has been proposed. Reliability of the NAND flash memories of the SSDs is seriously degraded as the scaling of memory cells. However, conventional simple reliability tests of read-disturb and data-retention cannot give the same result as the real-life VTH shift and memory cell errors. To solve this problem, the proposed reliability test precisely reproduces the real memory cell failures by emulating the complicated read, write, and data-retention with SSD emulator. In this paper, the real-life VTH shift and memory cell errors between two generations of NAND flash memory with different characterized real workloads are provided. Using the proposed test method, 1.6-times BER difference is observed when write-cold and read-hot workload (hm_1) and write-hot and read-hot workload (prxy_1) are compared in 1Ynm MLC NAND flash. In addition, by NAND flash memory scaling from 1Xnm to 1Ynm generations, the discrepancy of error numbers between the conventional reliability test result and actual reliability measured by proposed reliability test is increased by 6.3-times. Finally, guidelines for read reference voltage shifts and strength of ECCs are given to achieve high memory cell reliability for various workloads.
Nonlinear and dispersion measurements in air-core photonic band-gap fiber (2003)

Our measurements of a low-loss, air-core photonic band-gap fiber show that the effective non-linearity of the fundamental mode is 1000 times less than that of a classical step-index fiber. The dispersion in the bandgap is primarily anomalous and significantly large. This fiber supports solitons with peak power exceeding 2 MW.
Performance Characteristics of a New On-Board Engine Exhaust Particulate Matter Sensor (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A new electronic sensor has been developed to measure the time-resolved concentration of carbonaceous particulate matter (PM) emitted in engine exhaust. The sensor is approximately the size of a standard automotive spark-plug or lambda sensor and can be mounted directly in the engine exhaust. It consists of a pair of closely spaced electrically isolated electrodes that protrude into the exhaust flow. One electrode is given a voltage bias of 1000 V while the other is the signal electrode. The sensor is capable of providing cycle-resolved feedback on the carbonaceous PM concentration in the exhaust to the engine control unit (ECU), thereby enabling real-time control of engine operating parameters to lower PM emissions. This paper reports the results of an experimental study of various parameters that affect the performance of the electronic sensor. Parameters considered included sensor electrode length, diameter, electrode spacing, applied bias voltage, bulk flow velocity across the sensor electrodes, and the concentration of carbonaceous particulate matter in engine exhaust. The sensor was tested in the exhaust of a single cylinder diesel engine. The sensor signal varied linearly with the carbon mass concentration in the exhaust, the applied bias voltage and electrode length; it also showed some sensitivity to the bulk flow velocity, and an inverse power dependence on the spacing between the electrodes. Electrode diameter did not have a significant effect on the sensor signal. A correlation was developed to predict the sensor signal under any engine operating condition and values of these parameters. This correlation could be used to develop control strategies for the sensor for on-board operation in a production vehicle. The experiments also provided insight into the physical mechanism governing sensor behavior, regarding the charge transport between the two electrodes of the sensor.&lt;/div&gt;
Video Shot Boundary Detection and Scene Segmentation (2006)

This chapter presents a new and efficient method for shot boundary detection (SBD) and scene segmentation. Commonly the first step in content-based video analysis, SBD partitions video data into fundamental units of shots. Over the past decade, SBD has attracted a considerable amount of research attention. However, the detection accuracy achieved leaves much to be desired. In this chapter, a new SBD method based on sequential change detection is proposed to achieve improved detection accuracy. The method is then extended to segment videos into scenes. Compared with existing scene segmentation methods, the proposed method can also obtain more accurate results over a large set of test videos.
Complete short-term correction of canine hemophilia A by in vivo gene therapy (1996)

Hemophilia A is a severe bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII (FVIII). A canine model that closely mimics the human disease was used to determine if an adenoviral vector expressing a human FVIII cDNA could be used to correct the hemophilia A phenotype. Within 48 hours after peripheral vein administration of the vector to FVIII-deficient dogs, the hemophilic phenotype was corrected, based on determination of the activated clotting time, the activated partial thromboplastin time, and the cuticle bleeding time. Direct measurement of human FVIII in the dog plasma showed FVIII expression at amounts well above the human therapeutic level. FVIII expression in treated dogs was short-term, lasting 1 to 2 weeks, due to the development of a human FVIII-specific inhibitor antibody response. These data provide the first demonstration of in vivo gene therapy of hemophilia A.
Intramolecular oxyacetoxylation of N-allylamides: an expeditious synthesis of oxazolines and oxazines by using a PhI(OAc)2/hydrogen fluoride–pyridine system (2016)

The synthesis of oxazolines and oxazines from<italic>N</italic>-allylamides was accomplished<italic>via</italic>an unprecedented reaction set.
Degraded Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles (2020)

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA) functional groups have potential applications as cell targeting materials. However, SPIONs incubated with high-molecular weight HA can result in severe agglomeration. In this work, we found that when modified with degraded HA (hyaluronan oligosaccharides (oHAs)), the nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed with small hydrodynamic sizes, and the oHA-modified SPIONs exerted minimal cytotoxicity. With the same functional groups as HA, the oHA-modified SPIONs may have various biomedical applications.
Salicylic Acid and Analogues as diaCEST MRI Contrast Agents with Highly Shifted Exchangeable Proton Frequencies (2013)

Mehr als Wasser: Bisherige Kontrastmittel für die CEST-Bildgebung nutzen Lanthanoid-gebundene Wassermoleküle für hohe Frequenzverschiebungen. Derivate der 2-Hydroxybenzoesäure mit vielversprechenden Eigenschaften als alternative CEST-MRI-Kontrastmittel werden nun beschrieben. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 5-Pyrrolidinylquinoxalines as a Novel Class of Peripherally Restricted κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists (2014)

5-Pyrrolidinyl substituted perhydroquinoxalines were designed as conformationally restricted κ-opioid receptor agonists restricted to the periphery. The additional N atom of the quinoxaline system located outside the ethylenediamine κ pharmacophore allows the fine-tuning of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. The perhydroquinoxalines were synthesized stereoselectively using the concept of late stage diversification of the central building blocks 14. In addition to high κ-opioid receptor affinity they demonstrate high selectivity over μ, δ, σ1, σ2, and NMDA receptors. In the [35S]GTPγS assay full agonism was observed. Because of their high polarity, the secondary amines 14a (log D7.4=0.26) and 14b (log D7.4=0.21) did not penetrate an artificial blood-brain barrier. 14b was able to inhibit the spontaneous pain reaction after rectal mustard oil application to mice (ED50=2.35 mg/kg). This analgesic effect is attributed to activation of peripherally located κ receptors, since 14b did not affect centrally mediated referred allodynia and hyperalgesia.
Abstract 1265: Tissue is alive: Preserving phosphoproteins and tissue morphology in clinical trial samples (2012)

Abstract An urgent clinical goal is to identify subpopulations of cancer patients that may respond to targeted kinase inhibitors and/or their phosphorylated substrates. Consequently, phosphorylated signal pathway proteins have emerged as a critical class of analytes for therapeutic stratification. Technologies now exist that can measure protein phosphorylations and map cell signaling pathways in a single core-needle biopsy, thus relying on the inhibition of any kinase/phosphatase activity within the sample immediately following excision. Unfortunately applying these technologies to clinical samples has been hindered because phosphoprotein epitopes are not adequately preserved by formalin fixation and paraffin embedding, while freezing tissue samples may not be feasible in multi-center clinical trial sites and cannot adequately preserve morphology. To facilitate clinical trial molecular profiling, where immediate snap-freezing of tumor biopsies is not feasible, we have created a novel, one-step, room temperature preservative that stabilizes proteins/phosphoproteins equivalent to snap-freezing and tissue/cell morphology equivalent to neutral buffered formalin fixation. In addition, our preservative solution simultaneously fixes and decalcifies bony tissue, thus permitting molecular profiling of bony tissues that was never before possible. We have utilized our Biomarker and Histology Preservative (BHP-Cell and/or BHP-Tissue) in a breast cancer multi-site clinical trial (US Oncology 05-074/GSK LPT109096) and a clinical research multiple myeloma trial. BHP has been validated to a) function as a transport medium while preserving histomorphology, b) maintain full antigenicity for clinical immunohistochemistry (such as Ki-67, ER, PR, Her2, p63, and phosphorylated epitopes), c) preserve phosphoprotein epitopes for cell signaling pathway profiling by reverse phase protein microarray (RPMA), d) be compatible with frozen sections or paraffin embedding, and e) obviate the need for additional decalcification. Preservation of tissue morphology has been demonstrated in 25 mouse, feline, and human tissues with enhanced immunohistochemical properties for &amp;gt;20 antigens using standard IHC protocols. RPMA data from LPT10906 shows differentially deranged signaling networks in the pre-treatment biopsies for patients that did not have a pathologic complete response compared to responders. Our multiple myeloma trial quantifies cell signaling pathway expression pre/post kinase inhibitor treatment, in an ex vivo treatment model, on both myeloma and bone marrow cells, preserved in BHP. We are currently evaluating the integrity of nucleic acid preservation in parallel with proteins to provide a universal one step biospecimen tissue fixative for clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1265. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1265