gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2387: Activation of Inhibin A signaling is associated with a basal-like HER2 subtype and resistance to lapatinib in breast cancer cell lines. (2013)

Abstract HER2 amplification occurs in ∼20% of all breast cancers, and is associated with poor prognosis. Targeted therapeutics such as trastuzumab and lapatinib have been developed and have improved outcomes for patients with HER2+ disease. However, a significant proportion of patients have tumors that either develop resistance or simply fail to respond to these therapies at all. To better understand the mechanism of resistance, we screened a panel of 22 HER2+ breast cancer cell lines with lapatinib. Of these, 6 showed significant resistance, failing to reach 50% growth inhibition (GI50) even at 5uM, the highest dose tested. The resistant lines were all more basal-like in expression patterns, and were more responsive to MEK inhibitors than their luminal-like counterparts. These two patterns of expression are similar to the different HER2 subtypes recently identified by the TCGA project. Differential expression analysis utilizing t-tests with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons identified approximately 150 transcripts that were more highly expressed in resistant cell lines. We performed high-throughput screening using siRNA knockdown of the target genes in combination with lapatinib treatment. Staining for markers of proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (cleaved PARP), and activity of the PI3K-AKT pathway showed that silencing of inhibin A resulted in a decrease in the ratio of proliferative to apoptotic cells in the resistant cell lines 21-NT and 21-PT. Concurrent with this decrease was a down-regulation of both p-MAPK and p-AKT. GO analysis revealed a strong enrichment for Inhibin A signaling amongst the 150 resistance associated transcripts. Mining of tumor databases revealed that there was a trend between high levels of Inhibin A expression and poor outcome in HER2 positive tumors (p=0.08). These data suggest that activation of Inhibin A signaling is associated with a more basal like subclass of HER2+ tumors, resistance to HER2 targeted therapeutics such as lapatinib, and that corresponding over-expression of Inhibin A is associated with poor outcome in HER2+ patients. Citation Format: James E. Korkola, Juha Rantala, Nora Bayani, Laura Heiser, Nicholas Wang, Obi Griffith, Joe Gray. Activation of Inhibin A signaling is associated with a basal-like HER2 subtype and resistance to lapatinib in breast cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2387. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2387
SIMPLE (SIMulation of PLant Emergence): a model for predicting crop emergence. (2003)

A model that can predict variations in crop establishment under a wide range of climatic conditions which would help reduce the number of experiments carried out to test the effects of technical practices is described.
On the use of optical networks for performing microwave functions (1993)

This communication considers the use of optical networks excited by a light signal modulated at microwave frequencies in order to perform microwave functions. Using some basic single mode optical fibre elements at 1.3 μm we have realised an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer that can be used as a microwave band rejection filter. The experimental results show good performances with a rejection ratio higher than 40 dB and a very good phase linearity.
Low power FPGA design using hybrid CMOS-NEMS approach (2007)

Higher integration density of nanoscale CMOS causes two major design challenges in SRAM-based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) designs: large power dissipation (contributed by both leakage and dynamic power) and reduced reliability of operation. In this paper, we propose a hybrid design approach for SRAM-based FPGA that can leverage on non-volatile carbon nanotube based nano electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) switches for low static and dynamic power. Simulations show that the proposed CMOS-NEMS lookup table (LUT) based circuits can achieve a reduction of up to 91% in total power at iso-performance, compared to the conventional CMOS-based LUT circuits.
Enhanced Thermal Bondlines: Nanocomposite Thermal Interface Material and the Minimization of Bondline Thermal Resistance. (2006)

Abstract not provided.
SYNFI: Pre-Silicon Fault Analysis of an Open-Source Secure Element (2022)

Fault attacks are active, physical attacks that an adversary can leverage to alter the control-flow of embedded devices to gain access to sensitive information or bypass protection mechanisms. Due to the severity of these attacks, manufacturers deploy hardware-based fault defenses into security-critical systems, such as secure elements. The development of these countermeasures is a challenging task due to the complex interplay of circuit components and because contemporary design automation tools tend to optimize inserted structures away, thereby defeating their purpose. Hence, it is critical that such countermeasures are rigorously verified post-synthesis. Since classical functional verification techniques fall short of assessing the effectiveness of countermeasures (due to the circuit being analyzed when no faults are present), developers have to resort to methods capable of injecting faults in a simulation testbench or into a physical chip sample. However, developing test sequences to inject faults in simulation is an error-prone task and performing fault attacks on a chip requires specialized equipment and is incredibly time-consuming. Moreover, identifying the fault-vulnerable circuit is hard in both approaches, and fixing potential design flaws post-silicon is usually infeasible since that would require another tape-out. To that end, this paper introduces SYNFI, a formal pre-silicon fault verification framework that operates on synthesized netlists. SYNFI can be used to analyze the general effect of faults on the input-output relationship in a circuit and its fault countermeasures, and thus enables hardware designers to assess and verify the effectiveness of embedded countermeasures in a systematic and semi-automatic way. The framework automatically extracts sensitive parts of the circuit, induces faults into the extracted subcircuit, and analyzes the faults’ effects using formal methods. To demonstrate that SYNFI is capable of handling unmodified, industry-grade netlists synthesized with commercial and open tools, we analyze OpenTitan, the first opensource secure element. In our analysis, we identified critical security weaknesses in the unprotected AES block, developed targeted countermeasures, reassessed their security, and contributed these countermeasures back to the OpenTitan project. For other fault-hardened IP, such as the life cycle controller, we used SYNFI to confirm that existing countermeasures provide adequate protection.
Hydrogen and halogen bonds in drug-drug cocrystals of X-uracil (X = F, I) and lamivudine: extended quadruplex and layered assemblies (2021)

We report drug-drug cocrystals of the cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs 5-fluoro (5FU)/iodouracil (5IU) and the antiretroviral lamivudine (3TC). The cocrystal 2(5FU)·(3TC) is sustained by hydrogen bonds to generate a three-dimensional (3D) network while halogen bonds in the cocrystal (5IU)·(3TC) effectively disrupt hydrogen bonds to form layered assemblies.
Supplementary Figures from Wnt5a Drives an Invasive Phenotype in Human Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Suppl Fig S1: Levels of Wnt5a expression in brain tumors correlate to aggressiveness or outcome; Suppl Fig S2: Wnt5a overexpression sustains TPCs invasive capability; Suppl Fig S3: Elevated Wnt5a expression promotes migratory capability in otherwise poorly motile U87MG, both in vitro and in vivo; Suppl Fig S4: Pathways enrichment of invasive TPCs progeny based on Wnt5a levels; Suppl Fig S5: Mesenchymal hGBM TPCs are endowed with enhanced dispersal ability to distribute widely in the brain as compared to classical TPCs; Suppl Fig S6: Hypothetical mechanism of Wnt5a regulation that confers the infiltratory phenotype in hGBM TPCs;&lt;/p&gt;
Pitch angle scattering and effective collision frequency caused by stochastic magnetic fields (2008)

The motion of charged particles in a plasma with stochastic magnetic field lines is investigated on the basis of the so-called A-Langevin equation. In contrast to the well-known perpendicular (to an external magnetic field) transport, here the parallel transport is considered. The two cases of a strong guiding field and a weak mean magnetic field, respectively, are investigated. The A-Langevin equation is solved under the assumption that the Lagrangian correlation function for the magnetic field fluctuations is related to the Eulerian correlation function (in Gaussian form) via the Corrsin approximation. The latter is justified for small Kubo numbers. Generalizations to large Kubo numbers are discussed. It is shown that the magnetic field fluctuations are the source of diffusive motion along a strong guiding field even if binary collisions are absent. The case of small (or vanishing) mean fields is also investigated in the quasilinear limit. An effective collision frequency is derived which is consistent with the result for perpendicular quasilinear diffusion in strong guiding fields. The analytical results are checked by numerical simulations of the A-Langevin equation.
Formal Aspects of Classifying and Selecting Business Services (Extended Abstract) (2009)

This paper uses the term “service” for a service instance, and the term “agent” for an agent who provides or consumes a service. We consider real-life or business services (e.g., business process outsourcing, software development service involving human experts). We distinguish business from computational (e.g., Web or grid) services based on the fact that business services lack the typical inputoutput structure of computational services. For example, one can model a temperature service as one that takes a zipcode as input and produces the current temperature as output. By contrast, it would not help to model a software development service as one that takes a “business problem” as input and produces a suite of “software modules” as output. First, it is clearly beyond the scope of current practice to create formal classes or a type system of business problems and software modules. Second, business services are not invoked but are engaged, and would rarely take single-shot inputs and produce single-shot outputs. Third, business service providers would offer a continuum of expertise along which they can provide effective services. For example, a provider who is good at payroll management may also be able to provide retirement plan management, in contrast with the temperature service example above, which has no other function. Fourth, the selection of business services relies on the agents’ evaluation of previous engagements. Service selection inherently considers instances (runtime), not types (design-time). A service can be judged along many different dimensions in an empirical basis. Since agents are autonomous,
Cellular Pharmacology and Potency of HIV-1 Nucleoside Analogs in Primary Human Macrophages (2012)

Understanding the cellular pharmacology of antiretroviral agents in macrophages and subsequent correlation with antiviral potency provides a sentinel foundation for definition of the dynamics between antiretroviral agents and viral reservoirs across multiple cell types, with the goal of eradication of HIV-1 from these cells. Various clinically relevant nucleoside antiviral agents, and the integrase inhibitor raltegravir, were selected for this study. The intracellular concentrations of the active metabolites of the nucleoside analogs were found to be 5- to 140-fold lower in macrophages than in lymphocytes, and their antiviral potency was significantly lower in macrophages constitutively activated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) during acute infection than in resting macrophages (EC(50), 0.4 to 9.42 μM versus 0.03 to 0.4 μM, respectively). Although tenofovir-treated cells displayed significantly lower intracellular drug levels than cells treated with its prodrug, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, the levels of tenofovir-diphosphate for tenofovir-treated cells were similar in lymphocytes and macrophages. Raltegravir also displayed significantly lower intracellular concentrations in macrophages than in lymphocytes, independent of the activation state, but had similar potencies in resting and activated macrophages. These data underscore the importance of delivering adequate levels of drug to macrophages to reduce and eradicate HIV-1 infection.
Correlation of Dielectric Film Flex Fatigue Resistance and Package Resin Cracking Failure (2017)

Resin cracking is a common failure mechanism in electronic packaging using organic chip carrier. Chip carrier made of organic material has been industry standard for the past decade as they provide significant advantages over the ceramic dielectric-based predecessors in manufacturing cost and electrical performance. However, the CTE mismatch between the silicon chip and the organic laminate leads to substantial stress in the laminate particularly at the outmost fiber. Such stress when combined with the temperature fluctuation in field operation, causes low cycle fatigue in dielectric layer and eventually impairs the circuits in the laminate, which is known as dielectric resin cracking failure. During the evolution of organic laminate technology, the demands for high speed transmission drives the need for material with low dielectric loss, which usually is associated with low ductility and in turn makes dielectric resin cracking an even greater concern. A cost effective evaluation method for testing the resin cracking robustness of an interested material before building expensive laminate is therefore critical. This paper focuses on correlation of raw dielectric film material properties and the reliability performance of the corresponding electronic package. A fabricated in-house strain controlled fatigue testing machine will be introduced. The fatigue life vs strain of a typical dielectric material will be discussed. A flip chip package using this dielectric material will be described. Its resin cracking failure rate subjected to thermal cycling stress with various delta T will be illustrated. The thermal-mechanical modeling methodology will be outlined and verification of simulations with experimental results will be presented. A predictive model for correlation of dry film flex fatigue life and the corresponding resin cracking risk in a flip chip package will be proposed.
Surface tensions and contact angles due to lignin sulphonates in the system: Liquid sulphur, aqueous zinc sulphate and zinc sulphide (1992)

Abstract Surface tension and contact angle measurements were made in the liquid sulphur‐aqueous zinc sulphate‐zinc sulphide system at superatmospheric pressures, and showed that, in the absence of surfactants, the liquid sulphur‐aqueous solution interfacial tension was 54.0 ± 1.0 mN/m, falling to 27.0‐30.0 mN/m when 0.3 g/L or more of lignin sulphonate was added to the solution. At the same time, the contact angle between liquid sulphur and the same solution increased from 80 ± 5° to 148 ± 5°. As a result, the work of adhesion between liquid sulphur and zinc sulphide falls from 63.7 mJ/m 2 to about 5.3 mJ/m 2 . The results indicate that adsorption of lignin sulphonate occurs on both the mineral‐aqueous and the sulphur‐aqueous interfaces.
Condensation risk in a partially air side economized data center (2016)

Air side economization minimizes the usage of Air Conditioning Units (ACU) and water chiller when outside temperature falls below the operating set point of data centers. In many data centers, the relative humidity is less controlled compared to temperature; humidification or de-humidification are used only when upper (80%) or lower limits (10%) thresholds are exceeded. We present a case study of a data center where high humidity combined with abrupt cooling leads to condensation. Since servers racks cannot respond to instant decrease in temperature, the thermal lag time to reach equilibrium can create a transient condition when condensation can appear in locations where the temperature of the servers falls below the dew point within the data center. A new control algorithm is discussed based on dew point control to improve Information Technology (IT) equipment safety by minimizing corrosion and/or reducing condensation risks.
Coding and Enhancement in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (2015)

We formulate a new problem which bridges between source coding and enhancement in wireless acoustic sensor networks. We consider a network of wireless microphones, each of which encoding its own measurement under a covariance matrix distortion constraint and sending it to a fusion center. To process the data at the center, we use a recent spatio-temporal prediction filter. We assume that a weighted sum-rate for the network is specified. The problem is to allocate optimal distortion matrices to the nodes in order to achieve a maximum output SNR at the fusion center after processing the received data, while the weighted sum-rate for the network is no more than the specified value. We formulate this problem as an optimization problem for which we derive a set of equalities imposed on the solution by studying the KKT conditions. In particular, for the special case of scalar sources with two microphones and a sum-rate constraint, we derive the distortion allocation in closed form and will show that if the given sum-rate is higher than a critical value, the stationary points from the KKT conditions lead to distortion allocations which maximize the output SNR of the filter.
Provenance-Based Visual Data Exploration with EVLIN (2018)

Tools for visual data exploration allow users to visually browse through and analyze datasets to possibly reveal interesting infor- mation hidden in the data that users are a priori unaware of. Such tools rely on both query recommendations to select data to be visualized and visualization recommendations for these data to best support users in their visual data exploration process. EVLIN ( e xploring v isually with lin eage) is a system that assists users in visually exploring relational data stored in a data ware- house. EVLIN implements novel techniques for recommending both queries and their result visualization in an integrated and interactive way [ 3 ]. Recommendations rely on provenance (aka lineage) that describes the production process of displayed data . The demonstration of EVLIN includes an introduction to its features and functionality through sample exploration sessions. Conference attendees will then have the opportunity to gain hands- on experience of provenance-based visual data exploration by performing their own exploration sessions. These sessions will explore real-world data from several domains. While exploration sessions use a Web-based visual interface, the demonstration also features a researcher console, where attendees may have a look behind the scenes to get a more in-depth understanding of the underlying recommendation algorithms.
The Cytokine Signal Inhibitor Lnk Promotes αIIbβ3 Integrin Outside-In Signaling through β3 Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Platelets. (2007)

Abstract Lnk is an SH2 domain-containing adapter protein that inhibits cytokine signaling. Lnk−/− mice exhibit a marked increase in numbers of hematopoietic stem cells, megakaryocytes and platelets, presumably due to the lack of negative regulation in thrombopoietin-mediated signals by Lnk. We previously reported that Lnk might play an unanticipated role in platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. Lnk−/− platelets exhibited defects in full spreading on fibrinogen, clot retraction and formation of thrombi on collagen under flow conditions while they showed normal inside-out signaling (Blood, 106 (11):115a, 2005). However the mechanism(s) in which Lnk participates in αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling had not been elucidated. Here we report that in normal platelets Lnk forms a complex with c-Src, Syk, Fyn and adhesion and degranulation promoting adaptor protein (ADAP) but not SLP-76 in a manner dependent on αIIbβ3 ligation and Src kinase activation. c-Src-, but not Syk-, mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of C-terminus in Lnk appeared to be indispensable for the complex formation and Lnk-mediated function. Furthermore we have shown that Lnk is required for the association of Fyn to αIIbβ3 and for β3 subunit tyrosine phosphorylation while activation of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (c-Src and Syk) in proximity to αIIbβ3 is independent of Lnk. Thus, these results provide new insights into Lnk function and the mechanism by which Lnk contributes to integrin signaling in the adhesion responses of platelets.
Machine ballets don't need conductors: Towards scheduling-based service choreographies in a real-time SOA for industrial automation (2014)

Today's manufacturing industry is under pressure to increase the flexibility of its factory lines. One approach to achieve this goal is the shift from centralized control systems towards distributed, service-oriented architectures (SOA). To fully leverage the benefit of this new paradigm, the SOA should extend down to the device level and even include resource-constrained devices, such as smart sensors and actuators. In this paper, we present our approach for a lightweight distributed service choreography without a central point of control. It is based on network-aware precalculation of a static, non-preemptive schedule for each device and is thus suitable even for constrained devices. In contrast to previous work, our focus lies on the planning components required for achieving a service choreography. Since scheduling is a central part of our architecture, and we expect it to be executed many times during the planning process, we evaluate different heuristics for this task.
A mechanistic study of the electrochemical oxidation of 2,5-bis(2-thienyl)pyrroles (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA mechanistic study of the electrochemical oxidation of 2,5-bis(2-thienyl)pyrrolesRenee E. Niziurski-Mann, Chariclea Scordilis-Kelley, Tea Lane Liu, Michael P. Cava, and Richard T. CarlinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 3, 887–891Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00056a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00056a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views406Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts