gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective oxidation of silanes into silanols with water using [MnBr(CO)5] as a precatalyst (2022)

The development of earth-abundant catalysts for the selective conversion of silanes to silanols with water as an oxidant generating valuable hydrogen as the only by-product continues to be a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that [MnBr(CO)<sub>5</sub>] is a highly active precatalyst for this reaction, operating under neutral conditions and avoiding the undesired formation of siloxanes. As a result, a broad substrate scope, including primary and secondary silanes, could be converted to the desired products. The turnover performances of the catalyst were also examined, yielding a maximum TOF of 4088 h<sup>-1</sup>. New light was shed on the debated mechanism of the interaction between [MnBr(CO)<sub>5</sub>] and Si-H bonds based on the reaction kinetics (including KIEs of PhMe<sub>2</sub>SiD and D<sub>2</sub>O) and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, GC-TCD, <sup>1</sup>H-, <sup>29</sup>Si-, and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR). The initial activation of [MnBr(CO)<sub>5</sub>] was found to result from the formation of a manganese(i) hydride species and R<sub>3</sub>SiBr, and the experimental data are most consistent with a catalytic cycle comprising a cationic tricarbonyl Mn(i) unit as the active framework.
SDN-based architecture to support Synchronization in a 5G framework (2016)

Network synchronization is expected to be one of the key aspects in 5G. This article presents an application of the SDN (Software Defined Networking) and NFV (Network Function Virtualization) principles to the area of the network synchronization, enabling to offer synchronization as a service. The approach is based on defining a harmonization layer that allows orchestrating radio and heterogeneous transport domains.
Broadband mid-infrared pulses from potassium titanyl arsenate/zinc germanium phosphate optical parametric amplifier pumped by Tm, Ho-fiber-seeded Ho:YAG chirped-pulse amplifier (2016)

We present a concept of a white-light-seeded-cascaded mid-infrared (mid-IR) optical parametric amplifier (OPA) based on potassium titanyl arsenate and zinc germanium phosphate nonlinear optical crystals and producing 100-μJ level pulses centered at 5300 nm, with the spectrum supporting four-optical-cycle pulse duration. The OPA is pumped by 2090-nm master oscillator/power amplifier based on a Tm,Ho-fiber laser seeder and a Ho:YAG regenerative amplifier delivering 3.8-mJ sub-ps pulses at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. We validate that output parameters of the OPA are scalable by means of increasing the pulse energy, decreasing the pulse duration and redshifting the central wavelength.
Compact Name-Independent Routing with Minimum Stretch (2004)

Given a weighted undirected network with arbitrary node names, we present a compact routing scheme, using a O(&amp;amp;radic;n) space routing table at each node, and routing along paths of stretch 3, that is, at most thrice as long as the shortest paths. This is optimal in a very strong sense. It is known that no compact routing using o(n) space per node can route with stretch below 3. Also, it is known that any stretch below 5 requires &amp;amp;Omega;(&amp;amp;radic;n) space per node.
A high performance optical bus for digital avionics systems (2003)

The author surveys several of the candidate architectures suitable for embedded high-performance photonic networks and examines advanced architectural concepts made viable for avionics applications by emerging photonics technology. An example of an optical local area network (OLAN) capable of supporting end-to-end very-high-speed communication, on the order of gigabits per second, is presented. The advantages of the OLAN include: the capability of having several logical networks, each having different data rate characteristics while sharing the same physical medium; enhanced flexibility and affordable attachment costs which are matched to the service needs of the station; inexpensive, incremental, timely, and nonintrusive network upgrades without global impact on the network; and high reliability due to the passive nature of the station attachment. >
Road structure based scene understanding for intelligent vehicle systems (2010)

We address the topic of intelligent vehicle systems and especially systems aiming at high level scene understanding. Our goal is to build an on-line Behavior Map of surrounding environment. In this case, the road structure becomes important in order to understand entities behavior. From a general view-point, this paper demonstrates two important concepts: 1) the smooth integration of global, absolute but partial information (the Navi Map) in a local and relative map (the Behavior Map). This is demonstrated by the building of the Behavior Map composed of the roads structure and pedestrian/vehicle's position and trajectory. 2) the use of both global and local information to improve the understanding of the environment. This is demonstrated by the proposed “Pedestrian Warning System”. From a technical viewpoint, the main contributions are: 1) the dual ground plane/image plane approach which avoid introduction of errors in both the cost function evaluation and the constraints for minimization, 2) the smooth and efficient integration of prior data in a realistic road model computation when they are available.
154: The Role of Dopaminergic Mechanisms in the Control of Urethral Function in Rats (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 22, 2005 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2005154: The Role of Dopaminergic Mechanisms in the Control of Urethral Function in Rats Teruyuki Ogawa, Hitoshi Masuda, Satoshi Seki, Yasuhiko Igawa, Osamu Nishizawa, Michael B. Chancellor, William C. de Groat, and Naoki Yoshimura Teruyuki OgawaTeruyuki Ogawa More articles by this author , Hitoshi MasudaHitoshi Masuda More articles by this author , Satoshi SekiSatoshi Seki More articles by this author , Yasuhiko IgawaYasuhiko Igawa More articles by this author , Osamu NishizawaOsamu Nishizawa More articles by this author , Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author , William C. de GroatWilliam C. de Groat More articles by this author , and Naoki YoshimuraNaoki Yoshimura More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34419-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "154: The Role of Dopaminergic Mechanisms in the Control of Urethral Function in Rats." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 42 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 42 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Teruyuki Ogawa More articles by this author Hitoshi Masuda More articles by this author Satoshi Seki More articles by this author Yasuhiko Igawa More articles by this author Osamu Nishizawa More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author William C. de Groat More articles by this author Naoki Yoshimura More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Inter-Strata Connection Characteristics and Signal Transmission in Three-Dimensional (3D) Integration Technology (2007)

In a general case of 3D integrated circuit (IC) technology, it is desirable to design a die for 3D integration with flexibility to facilitate integration with a number of other circuit dies. We present a generic circuit technique which minimizes power consumption and circuit area while allowing reliable signal transfer between 3D dies as well as enabling the design of a bonded interface circuitry without a complete knowledge of inter-strata connection configurations. We also present parasitic RC characteristics of inter-strata connection elements, such as micro-bumps and through-substrate vias, and discuss the technology scaling trends. An inter-strata signal transmission, according to our method, has receive and transmit circuitry with programmable power supply which can be independently controlled for achieving optimum power and signal drive. In addition, the receive circuitry includes hysteresis to allow superior signal integrity in the presence of inter-strata parasitic variations
Error analysis and inter-cell interference mitigation in multi-level cell flash memories (2015)

With an aim to characterize, model and understand the types of errors caused by the inter-cell interference (ICI) effect in flash memories, we perform a series of program/erase (P/E) cycling experiments designed to quantify the effects of ICI. We create a database of errors at various levels of granularity such as bit, cell, page, block and record the neighborhood data patterns of cells in error to provide a quantitative understanding of the underlying channel model in multi-level cell (MLC) flash memories. We then utilize this empirical data to model and study the flash memory channel as a time-varying 4-ary discrete memoryless channel (DMC). We also present results from experiments to quantify the error rate performance gain obtained by the use of constrained codes, which prevent some ICI-susceptible data patterns from being written to the flash memory.
Magnetic field generation in an inductively coupled radio-frequency power transmission system (2006)

This paper discusses various methods for the generation of an omni-directional magnetic field suitable for use in an inductively coupled power transmission system. The field characteristics are evaluated with a focus on minimizing undesired shielding effects while remaining within the boundaries set by international standards for occupational exposure to magnetic fields. The dynamic requirements of load resonant converters that allow a minimum disruption in the magnetic field are derived. Various topologies are analyzed and the theoretical results are verified using a test set-up.
Primary brain T-cell lymphoma of the lymphoblastic type presenting as altered mental status (2009)

The authors present a case of a 56-year-old man with altered mental status. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed non-enhancing abnormalities on T2 and FLAIR imaging in the brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum. Immunohistochemisty demonstrated precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. After treatment with methotrexate, he improved clinically without focal sensorimotor deficits and with improving orientation. MRI showed almost complete resolution of brainstem and cerebral lesions. To the authors' knowledge, there are only five previous reports of primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Since treatable, it deserves consideration in patients with altered mental status and imaging abnormalities that include diffuse, non-enhancing changes with increased signal on T2-weighted images.
Chiroptical properties of alcohols, ethers and peroxides (1993)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Chiroptical Properties of Ethers Chiroptical Properties of Alcohols Chiroptical Properties of Peroxides References
Structural tuning of ancillary chelate in tri-carboxyterpyridine Ru(ii) sensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells (2014)

Systematically changing the ancillary chelate from<bold>L3</bold>to<bold>L6</bold>, together with addition of a 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) appendage, boosts the overall efficiencies of a fabricated DSC device.
A reduced-order model for electrically actuated microbeam-based MEMS (2003)

We present an analytical approach and a reduced-order model (macromodel) to investigate the behavior of electrically actuated microbeam-based MEMS. The macromodel provides an effective and accurate design tool for this class of MEMS devices. The macromodel is obtained by discretizing the distributed-parameter system using a Galerkin procedure into a finite-degree-of-freedom system consisting of ordinary-differential equations in time. The macromodel accounts for moderately large deflections, dynamic loads, and the coupling between the mechanical and electrical forces. It accounts for linear and nonlinear elastic restoring forces and the nonlinear electric forces generated by the capacitors. A new technique is developed to represent the electric force in the equations of motion. The new approach allows the use of few linear-undamped mode shapes of a microbeam in its straight position as basis functions in a Galerkin procedure. The macromodel is validated by comparing its results with experimental results and finite-element solutions available in the literature. Our approach shows attractive features compared to finite-element softwares used in the literature. It is robust over the whole device operation range up to the instability limit of the device (i.e., pull-in). Moreover, it has low computational cost and allows for an easier understanding of the influence of the various design parameters. As a result, it can be of significant benefit to the development of MEMS design software.
A Review of Time Synchronous Average Algorithms (2009)

Time Synchronous Average (TSA) is an essential algorithmic tool for determining the condition of rotating equipment. Given its significance to diagnostics, it is important to understand the algorithms performance characteristics. This paper addresses four topics in relation to the TSA performance characteristics. The first topic is the evaluation of the performance (measured against gear fault detection) of 6 different TSA algorithms. The second topic is quantifying the ergodicity/noise reduction as a function of the number of revolutions in the TSA and show that noise reduction is 1/sqrt(number of revolutions). The third topic examines TSA techniques when no tachometer signal is available.The final topic shown is the distribution of the magnitude of TSA orders associated with fault and nominal components are Rice and Rayleigh distributed.
Increased Plasma Lipocalin-2 Levels in Patients with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Positive Optic Neuritis (2022)

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between plasma lipocalin-2 (LCN2) levels and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity in patients with optic neuritis. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 19 patients with optic neuritis and 20 healthy controls. Plasma LCN2 and MOG-IgG levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a cell-based assay, respectively. The correlation between plasma LCN2 levels and MOG-IgG titers in patients with optic neuritis was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess and compare the ability of plasma LCN2 and MOG-IgG levels for predicting optic neuritis recurrence. Patients with MOG-IgG-positive optic neuritis had significantly higher mean plasma LCN2 levels than controls and patients with MOG-IgG-negative optic neuritis (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Plasma LCN2 and MOG-IgG levels were significantly correlated in patients with optic neuritis (<i>r</i> = 0.553, <i>p</i> = 0.0141). There were no significant differences in the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of plasma LCN2 (0.693, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.443-0.880, <i>p</i> = 0.133) and MOG-IgG (0.641, 95% CI, 0.400-0.840, <i>p</i> = 0.298) levels (95% CI, -0.266-0.448, <i>p</i> = 0.618). Plasma LCN2 levels may aid differentiation of MOG-IgG-positive optic neuritis from MOG-IgG-negative optic neuritis.
Protonation‐Induced Formation of a Stable Singlet Biradicaloid Derived from a Modified Sapphyrin Analogue (2010)

Radikal durch Ansäuern: Das neuartige Sapphyrin-Analogon 1 mit eingebundenem 1,10-Phenanthrolin-System (siehe Schema; R=COOEt, Ar=p-Tolyl) und Alkylidengruppen in meso-Stellung wurde synthetisiert und durch Protonierung in [1⋅3 H]3+ mit Singulettdiradikal-Charakter überführt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Chemotype-selective Modes of Action of κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists (2013)

The crystal structures of opioid receptors provide a novel platform for inquiry into opioid receptor function. The molecular determinants for activation of the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) were studied using a combination of agonist docking, functional assays, and site-directed mutagenesis. Eighteen positions in the putative agonist binding site of KOR were selected and evaluated for their effects on receptor binding and activation by ligands representing four distinct chemotypes: the peptide dynorphin A(1-17), the arylacetamide U-69593, and the non-charged ligands salvinorin A and the octahydroisoquinolinone carboxamide 1xx. Minimally biased docking of the tested ligands into the antagonist-bound KOR structure generated distinct binding modes, which were then evaluated biochemically and pharmacologically. Our analysis identified two types of mutations: those that affect receptor function primarily via ligand binding and those that primarily affect function. The shared and differential mechanisms of agonist binding and activation in KOR are further discussed. Usually, mutations affecting function more than binding were located at the periphery of the binding site and did not interact strongly with the various ligands. Analysis of the crystal structure along with the present results provide fundamental insights into the activation mechanism of the KOR and suggest that "functional" residues, along with water molecules detected in the crystal structure, may be directly involved in transduction of the agonist binding event into structural changes at the conserved rotamer switches, thus leading to receptor activation.
Fast image search using a multiscale stochastic model (2002)

Searching an image for the occurrence of a pattern or a template is an essential step in a number of image processing applications. We propose a new multiresolution matching criterion based on the generalized log likelihood ratio. We also developed a multiscale search technique which facilitates finding the best solution by searching a small subset of the entire set of possible template locations. The search technique is designed to keep the amount of computation at each resolution approximately the same. The results obtained on our example images demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the matching criterion along with a speed-up of over two orders of magnitude by the search technique.
Apical Localization of the Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptor by Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol Modification Is Sufficient for Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer through the Apical Surface of Human Airway Epithelia (2001)

In well-differentiated human airway epithelia, the coxsackie B and adenovirus type 2 and 5 receptor (CAR) resides primarily on the basolateral membrane. This location may explain the observation that gene transfer is inefficient when adenovirus vectors are applied to the apical surface. To further test this hypothesis and to investigate requirements and barriers to apical gene transfer to differentiated human airway epithelia, we expressed CAR in which the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail were replaced by a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor (GPI-CAR). As controls, we expressed wild-type CAR and CAR lacking the cytoplasmic domain (Tailless-CAR). All three constructs enhanced gene transfer with similar efficiencies in fibroblasts. In airway epithelia, GPI-CAR localized specifically to the apical membrane, where it bound adenovirus and enhanced gene transfer to levels obtained when vector was applied to the basolateral membrane. Moreover, GPI-CAR facilitated gene transfer of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator to cystic fibrosis airway epithelia, correcting the Cl(-) transport defect. In contrast, when we expressed wild-type CAR it localized to the basolateral membrane and failed to increase apical gene transfer. Only a small amount of Tailless-CAR resided in the apical membrane, and the effects on apical virus binding and gene transfer were minimal. These data indicate that binding of adenovirus to an apical membrane receptor is sufficient to mediate effective gene transfer to human airway epithelia and that the cytoplasmic domain of CAR is not required for this process. The results suggest that targeting apical receptors in differentiated airway epithelia may be sufficient for gene transfer in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis.
Make regeneration great again; stronger together (2017)

Make regeneration great again; stronger togetherRegenerative therapies hold the potential of disrupting the healthcare and socioeconomic burden imposed by chronic disease.By targeting restoration of organ health, regenerative technologies are poised to transform clinical practice.Cardiovascular indications account for a quarter of cell-based regenerative products in development.Yet, in the clinical setting mixed outcomes have challenged practice adoption and subdued enthusiasm.Resurgence in regenerative medicine requires clinical development plans that ensure uniformity in therapeutic output, while enabling innovation that offers affordable regenerative solutions. PromiseThe concept of stemness inherent to stem cell biology sparked the regenerative medicine revolution-aspiring to attain tissue repair or even one day achieve organ replacement.Underscoring the promise ahead, care providers and patients alike have referred to regenerative interventions as 'courts of last resort' to combat otherwise incurable chronic diseases.In the beginning, stem cells were envisioned as building blocks, capable to cobblestone together to create new tissue and ultimately fix a broken heart.Propelled by rapid transition from bench to man, pioneering efforts in cardiovascular regeneration established robust foundations for harvest, processing and delivery of cells, from the patient's own body or from a donor source.However, the nature of cardiovascular disease mandates large numbers of patients and prolonged follow-up of hard end-points before efficacy can be validated, and therapeutic utility ultimately declared.Thus, despite decade-long efforts that have documented reassuring feasibility and safety, irrefutable evidence for cell-based benefit in the setting of a chronic cardiovascular condition has remained conspicuously elusive, typically associated with resounding benefit in few and modest to no benefit in most.The fact that only rare individuals, within cell-treated cohorts, appear to respond with a pronounced cardio-regenerative aptitude is becoming increasingly ostensible.This growing clinical experience informs the evolution of discovery and development strategies, including the next iteration of trials that implement evidence-based rigor for optimized delivery and targeted patient selection.
Efficiency improvement in a-Si and a-SiGe solar cells using a super chamber method (2002)

A total area conversion efficiency of 11.1% was achieved for a 10*10 cm/sup 2/ integrated-type a-Si solar cell submodule. Approaches to improving conversion efficiency included the development of new materials, new fabrication methods, and a new device structure, specifically, the super chamber method, trimethylboron (B(CH/sub 3/)/sub 3/) p a-SiC:H, highly-textured TCO, an ultra-thin interface layer, and low-damage laser patterning process. New approaches to preparing a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H films are proposed. High-quality, wide-bandgap a-Si:H films have been fabricated at low substrate temperature by diluting silane with hydrogen. High-quality a-SiGe:H were fabricated using the super chamber method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>