gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FPGA Architecture of Generalized Laguerre-Volterra MIMO Model for Neural Population Spiking Activities (2011)

We present a parallelized and pipelined architecture for a generalized Laguerre-Volterra MIMO system to identify the time-varying neural dynamics underlying spike activities. The proposed architecture consists of a first stage containing a vector convolution and MAC (Multiply and Accumulation) component, a second stage containing a pre-threshold potential updating unit with an error approximation function component, and a third stage consisting of a gradient calculation unit. A flexible and efficient architecture that can accommodate different design speed requirements are generated. Simulation results are rigorously analyzed. A hardware IP library for versatile models and applications is proposed. The design runs on a Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA and the processing core produces data samples at a maximum clock rate of 357MHz, which is 4.37 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> times faster than the corresponding software model running on an AMD Pheono 9750 Quad Core Processor. It occupies 216,766 LUTs, maximum 12 block-RAMs, and 2016 DSP-blocks.
Abstract 5556: Discovery of RKI-18, a small molecule that inhibits Rho kinases 1 and 2, migration and invasion of human tumors. (2013)

Abstract Signal transduction pathways that are mediated by ROCK1 and ROCK2 trigger cell migration, invasion and metastasis. This prompted us to design and synthesize novel Rho-kinase inhibitors (RKIs). Here, we show that one of our most potent RKIs, RKI-18 (IC50 397 nM (ROCK1) and 349 nM (ROCK2)) but not its inactive closely related analogue RKI-11 suppresses potently the phosphorylation of the ROCK substrate MLC2 in intact human cancer cells. Furthermore, RKI-18 is highly selective at inhibiting P-MLC2 over P-Akt, P-S6 and P-Erk ½ levels. RKI-18 suppresses ROCK-mediated actin fiber formation following stimulation with LPA as well as PAK-mediated lamelipodia and filopodia formation following bradykinin or PDGF stimulation. Furthermore, RKI-18 but not RKI-11 inhibits migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth of human breast cancer cells. The fact that RKI-18, the active ROCK inhibitor, but not RKI-11, its inactive analogue, is effective at suppressing malignant transformation suggests that preventing migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth with RKI-18 is likely due to inhibition of ROCK. Further advanced preclinical studies are required to determine the potential of RKI-18 as an anti-metastatic agent. Citation Format: Ronil A. Patel, Yan Lui, Binglin Wang, Ronshi Li, Said M. Sebti. Discovery of RKI-18, a small molecule that inhibits Rho kinases 1 and 2, migration and invasion of human tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5556. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5556
Abnormal motion detection in a real-time smart camera system (2009)

This paper discusses a method for abnormal motion detection and its real-time implementation on a smart camera. Abnormal motion detection is a surveillance technique that only allows unfamiliar motion patterns to result in alarms. Our approach has two phases. First, normal motion is detected and the motion paths are trained, building up a model of normal behaviour. Feed-forward neural networks are here used for learning. Second, abnormal motion is detected by comparing the current observed motion to the stored model. A complete demonstration system is implemented to detect abnormal paths of persons moving in an indoor space. As platform we used a wireless smart camera system containing an SIMD (single-instruction multiple-data) processor for real-time detection of moving persons and an 8051 microcontroller for implementing the neural network. The 8051 also functions as camera host to broadcast abnormal events using ZigBee to a main network system.
On the Predictions of Critical Heat Flux in Rod Bundles at Low Flow and Low Pressure Conditions (1991)

Abstract At low flow and low pressure conditions, critical heat flux (CHF) data for rod bundle geometry are very limited, and applicable design correlations are almost nonexistent. This paper investigates the applicability of recent CHF correlations developed for uniformly heated vertical annuli (for water mass flux ≤250 kg/m2 s, and pressure of 0.118 MPa) to nonuniformly heated rod bundles. Results show that annuli correlations could be used to predict the CHF occurring at the same flow-regime transition in uniformly heated rod bundles. Also, the results demonstrate that the global conditions hypothesis (GCH), in conjunction with the annuli CHF correlations, may be used to predict CHF in nonuniformly heated rod bundles at low flow and low pressure conditions.
Overexpression of the CC-type glutaredoxin, OsGRX6 affects hormone and nitrogen status in rice plants (2015)

Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are small glutathione dependent oxidoreductases that belong to the Thioredoxin (TRX) superfamily and catalyze the reduction of disulfide bonds of their substrate proteins. Plant GRXs include three different groups based on the motif sequence, namely CPYC, CGFS and CC-type proteins. The rice CC-type proteins, OsGRX6 was identified during the screening for genes whose expression changes depending on the level of available nitrate. Overexpression of OsGRX6 in rice displayed a semi-dwarf phenotype. The OsGRX6 overexpressors contain a higher nitrogen content than the wild type, indicating that OsGRX6 plays a role in homeostatic regulation of nitrogen use. Consistent with this, OsGRX6 overexpressors displayed delayed chlorophyll degradation and senescence compared to the wild type plants. To examine if the growth defect of these transgenic lines attribute to disturbed plant hormone actions, plant hormone levels were measured. The levels of two cytokinins (CKs), 2-isopentenyladenine and trans-zeatin, and gibberellin A1 (GA1) were increased in these lines. We also found that these transgenic lines were less sensitive to exogenously applied GA, suggesting that the increase in GA1 is a result of the feedback regulation. These data suggest that OsGRX6 affects hormone signaling and nitrogen status in rice plants.
Promoter RNA links transcriptional regulation of inflammatory pathway genes (2013)

Although many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered, their function and their association with RNAi factors in the nucleus have remained obscure. Here, we identify RNA transcripts that overlap the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) promoter and contain two adjacent binding sites for an endogenous miRNA, miR-589. We find that miR-589 binds the promoter RNA and activates COX-2 transcription. In addition to miR-589, fully complementary duplex RNAs that target the COX-2 promoter transcript activate COX-2 transcription. Activation by small RNA requires RNAi factors argonaute-2 (AGO2) and GW182, but does not require AGO2-mediated cleavage of the promoter RNA. Instead, the promoter RNA functions as a scaffold. Binding of AGO2 protein/small RNA complexes to the promoter RNA triggers gene activation. Gene looping allows interactions between the promoters of COX-2 and phospholipase A2 (PLA2G4A), an adjacent pro-inflammatory pathway gene that produces arachidonic acid, the substrate for COX-2 protein. miR-589 and fully complementary small RNAs regulate both COX-2 and PLA2G4A gene expression, revealing an unexpected connection between key steps of the eicosanoid signaling pathway. The work demonstrates the potential for RNA to coordinate locus-dependent assembly of related genes to form functional operons through cis-looping.
Engineered biosynthesis of novel spinosyns bearing altered deoxyhexose substituentsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: 1H and 13C NMR data for compounds 5–8. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b200536k/ (2002)

Novel spinosyns have been prepared by biotransformation, using a genetically engineered strain of Saccharopolyspora erythraea, in which the beta-D-forosamine moiety in glycosidic linkage to the hydroxy group at C17 is replaced by alpha-L-mycarose.
Carrier Lifetime of Au-Hyperdoped Ge using Terahertz Spectroscopy (2020)

Gold-hyperdoped germanium extends the photodetection beyond the cut-off wavelength of germanium into the infrared wavelengths. Ion implantation followed by pulsed-laser melting process makes a single crystal material with ultrahigh dopant concentrations. The laser parameters influence the dopant's atomic position which leads to different light absorption and carrier transport properties. Time resolved terahertz spectroscopy is used to evaluate the charge carrier lifetime which gives an insight into the defect energetics and atomic location.
Stabilizing Fe Nanoparticles in the SmCo5 Matrix (2017)

We report a new strategy for stabilizing Fe nanoparticles (NPs) in the preparation of SmCo<sub>5</sub>-Fe nanocomposites. We coat the presynthesized Fe NPs with SiO<sub>2</sub> and assemble the Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs with Sm-Co-OH to form a mixture. After reductive annealing at 850 °C in the presence of Ca, we obtain SmCo<sub>5</sub>-Fe/SiO<sub>2</sub> composites. Following aqueous NaOH washing and compaction, we produced exchange-coupled SmCo<sub>5</sub>-Fe nanocomposites with Fe NPs controlled at 12 nm. Our work demonstrates a successful strategy of stabilizing high moment magnetic NPs in a hard magnetic matrix to produce a nanocomposite with tunable magnetic properties.
Coiling of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via Selective Topological Fluid Flow: Implications for Sensors (2022)

A thin-film microfluidic vortex fluidic device (VFD) housing a rapidly rotating tube inclined at +45° imparts mechanical energy to the liquid, which can be harnessed to gain access to non-equilibrium states of self-assembled nanomaterials. Coiled single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are formed from entangled counterparts in such a dynamic thin film of toluene, and with a recent detailed understanding of the high-shear topological fluid flow of submicron dimensions in the VFD, a systematic study on forming such toroidal structures in immiscible biphasic systems has been undertaken. This involved using mixtures of water and toluene, m-xylene, or p-xylene containing a suspension of SWCNTs and using VFD quartz tubes of different diameters, such as 10, 15, and 20 mm outside diameter (O.D.), along with changing the common hemispherical base of the tube to a flat-base tube as a strategy for decoupling the effect of different topological fluid flows generated in the VFD. Selective control over the diameter of the resulting toroids of SWCNTs down to ca. 35 nm in diameter has been established with the expected SWCNT ring strain in the toroids, as established by Raman spectroscopy, and its application in sensors.
The threshold-voltage model of MOSFET devices with localized interface charge (1997)

A new analytic threshold-voltage model for a MOSFET device with localized interface charges is presented. Dividing the damaged MOSFET device into three zones, the surface potential is obtained by solving the two-dimensional (2-D) Poisson's equation. Calculating the minimum surface potential, the analytic threshold-voltage model is derived. It is verified that the model accurately predicts the threshold voltage for both fresh and damaged devices. Moreover, the Drain-Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) and substrate bias effects are included in this model. It is shown that the screening effects due to built-in potential and drain bias dominate the impact of the localized interface charge on the threshold voltage. Calculation results show that the extension, position and density of localized interface charge are the main issues influencing the threshold voltage of a damaged MOSFET device. Simulation results using a 2-D device simulator are used to verify the validity of this model, and quite good agreement is obtained for various cases.
Correction: Corrigendum: Photothermally triggered actuation of hybrid materials as a new platform for in vitro cell manipulation (2017)

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14700.
ChemInform Abstract: Microheterogeneous Photooxidation. (1986)

Abstract The modified rose bengal (I), which is able to complex a quencher or an acceptor, enhances the efficiency of singlet oxygen quenching by β‐carotene compared with solutions containing β‐cyclodextrin and the sensitizer as independent entities.
Optimizing organizational design in complex service delivery systems (2014)

IT service delivery becomes an increasingly challenging business as customers demand improved quality of service while providers are driven to reduce the cost of delivery. In this paper we propose a set of optimization models to recommend organizational design changes in complex service delivery systems. The optimization models take into consideration various design factors such as technology sustainability and management complexity, and provide recommendations to organizational design transformation including both customer focused design and technology focused design. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology using data from a large IT service delivery environment.
Microwave Triggered Metal Enhanced Chemiluminescence:  Quantitative Protein Determination (2006)

We present a new technology that offers a faster alternative to the chemiluminescence-based detection that is used in protein assay platforms today. By combining the use of silver nanostructures with chemiluminescent species, a technique that our laboratories have recently shown can enhance the system photon flux over 50-fold, with the use of low-power microwave heating to additionally accelerate, in essence "trigger", chemiluminescence-based reactions, then both ultrafast and ultrabright chemiluminescence assays can be realized. In addition, the preferential heating of the nanostructures by microwaves affords for microwave triggered metal enhanced chemiluminescence (MT-MEC) to be localized in proximity to the silvered surfaces, alleviating unwanted emission from the distal solution. To demonstrate MT-MEC, we have constructed a model assay sensing platform on both silvered and glass surfaces, where comparison with the identical glass substrate-based assay serves to confirm the significant benefits of using silver nanostructures for metal-enhanced chemiluminescence. Our new model assay technology can detect femtomoles of biotinylated BSA in less than 2 min and can indeed be modified to both detect and quantify a great many other biomolecules as well. As compared to traditional western blot approaches, MT-MEC offers protein quantification, high-sensitivity detection combined with ultrafast assay times, i.e., <2 min.
SIMULATION OF THE TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR A HEAD-AND-TORSO MODEL OVER THE ENTIRE AUDIBLE FREQUENCY RANGE (2007)

In this study, a method for simulating the transfer function of a head-and-torso model over the entire audible frequency range is introduced. The simulation method uses the ultra-weak variational formulation (UWVF) which is a finite element type method tailored for wave problems. In particular, the UWVF uses plane wave basis functions which better approximate the oscillatory field than a polynomial basis used in the standard finite element methods (FEM). This leads to reduction in the computational complexity at the high frequencies which, accompanied with parallel computing, extends the feasible frequency range of the UWVF method. The accuracy of the new simulation tool is investigated using a simple spherical geometry after which the method used for preliminary HRTF simulations in the geometry of a widely used head-and-torso mannequin.
Protein Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) and the N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Are Expressed in the Rat and Mouse Penile Nerves and Colocalize with Penile Neuronal NOS1 (2003)

Nitrergic neurotransmission triggering penile erection is mediated by nitric oxide (NO) synthesized in the cavernosal nerves of the penis by penile neuronal NO synthase (PnNOS). In the central nervous system, nNOS is activated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and, presumably, is inhibited by the protein inhibitor of NOS (PIN). The PnNOS and NMDAR are expressed in the penis, and PnNOS has been localized in penile nerves. Both proteins colocalize with PIN in the hypothalamus and the spinal cord involved in the control of erection. The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between PnNOS, PIN, and NMDAR in the penis. It was found that in the rat, PIN was expressed in the pelvic ganglion and the cavernosal nerve, and penile PIN cDNA was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. Immunohistochemistry localized PIN to the cavernosal and dorsal nerve of the penis, whereas NMDAR was not detected in the latter. Dual-fluorescence labeling showed that PnNOS colocalized with PIN in both nerves but with NMDAR only in the cavernosal nerve. Aging did not affect the mRNA levels of PnNOS, nNOS, NMDAR, and PIN. Both PIN and NMDAR were detected in penile nerves of the wild-type and nNOS(-/-) mouse. The PIN protein did not inhibit or bind NOS in penile extracts, and in vivo, PIN cDNA reduced the erectile response to electrical field stimulation. In conclusion, PIN and NMDAR colocalize with PnNOS in penile nerves, but the functional significance of these protein interactions for penile erection remains to be elucidated.
Lightweight Seat Design and Crash Simulations (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The lightweight seat of a high performance car is designed taking into account a rear impact, i.e. the crash due to an impulse applied from the rear. The basic parameters of the seat structure are derived resorting to simulations of a crash with a test dummy positioned on the seat. The simulations provide the forces acting at the seat structure, in particular the forces applied at the joint between the seat cushion and the seat backrest are taken into account. Such a joint is simulated as a plastic hinge and dissipates some of the crash energy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The simulations are validated by means of indoor tests with satisfactory results. A tool has been developed for the preliminary design of lightweight seats for high performance cars.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Development of YSZ Thin Films by Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (2010)

International audience
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Impairs Endothelial Function (2005)

A CLA isomeric mixture had at most modest effects on adiposity and worsened endothelial function. On the basis of these results, the use of the isomeric mixture of CLA as an aid to weight loss cannot be recommended.
Robust and Scalable Power System State Estimation via Composite Optimization (2019)

In today's cyber-enabled smart grids, high penetration of uncertain renewables, purposeful manipulation of meter readings, and the need for wide-area situational awareness, call for fast, accurate, and robust power system state estimation. The least-absolute-value (LAV) estimator is known for its robustness relative to the weighted least-squares one. However, due to nonconvexity and non-smoothness, existing LAV solvers based on linear programming are typically slow and, hence, inadequate for real-time system monitoring. This paper, develops two novel algorithms for efficient LAV estimation, which draw from recent advances in composite optimization. The first is a deterministic linear proximal scheme that handles a sequence of (5 ~ 10 in general) convex quadratic problems, each efficiently solvable either via off-the-shelf toolboxes or through the alternating direction method of multipliers. Leveraging the sparse connectivity inherent to power networks, the second scheme is stochastic and updates only afew entries of the complex voltage state vector per iteration. In particular, when voltage magnitude and (re)active power flow measurements are used only, this number reduces to one or two regardless of the number of buses in the network. This computational complexity evidently scales well to largesize power systems. Furthermore, by carefully mini-batching the voltage and power flow measurements, accelerated implementation of the stochastic iterations becomes possible. The developed algorithms are numerically evaluated using a variety of benchmark power networks. Simulated tests corroborate that improved robustness can be attained at comparable or markedly reduced computation times for medium- or large-size networks relative to existing alternatives.
Complexity of the supertypic HLA-DRw53 specificity: two distinct epitopes differentially expressed on one or all of the DR beta-chains depending on the HLA-DR allotype. (1986)

The supertypic HLA-DRw53 specificity is associated with three allelic class II specificities defined by alloantisera: HLA-DR4, -DR7, and DRw9. The present study demonstrates the complexity of this supertypic DR specificity by comparing two DRw53-related determinants defined by the monoclonal antibodies PL3 and 109d6. For every HLA-DR4 cell line tested, both monoclonal antibodies were found to bind to the same subpopulation of DR molecules. This PL3+, 109d6+ DR subpopulation is also found on most, but not all, DR7+ cell lines with a beta-chain pattern that is identical to the beta-chain pattern of the PL3+, 109d6+ subpopulation on DR4 cell lines. However, some DR7+ cells which carry the HLA haplotype Bw57, DR7, DRw53, DQw3 were also found which completely lack the expression of the 109d6 determinant, but continue to express the PL3 determinant and some of the DRw53 determinants recognized by alloantisera. This results from the fact that the PL3 determinant is expressed on all of the DR molecules found on DR7 cells, including the distinct subpopulation of molecules that carry the HLA-DR7 determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody SFR16-DR7. This PL3+, SFR16-DR7+ subpopulation does not carry the 109d6 determinant, demonstrating that the PL3 and 109d6 DRw53-related determinants are distinct and can be expressed on a different number of DR molecules, depending on the allotype of the cells. Blocking studies were also performed by using these monoclonal antibodies with alloreactive HLA-DR7-specific cytotoxic T cell clones. In these studies, the T cell-defined HLA-DR7 determinants were found to be carried by the same subpopulation of DR molecules recognized by the HLA-DR7-specific monoclonal antibody and not carried by the DR molecules recognized by 109d6. The DR7+ cell lines which do not express the 109d6 determinant also fail to express another supertypic determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody IIIE3 carried on this molecule. Furthermore, no additional allelic forms of this unique DR beta-chain were found associated with the nonpolymorphic DR alpha-chain on these cells, suggesting that this DR beta-chain gene is not expressed. These cells also behave as homozygous typing cells for the Dw11 subtype of DR7 in HLA-D typing in the mixed lymphocyte culture assay. This suggests that the lack of expression of a specific class II gene may contribute additional genetic polymorphism within the known HLA-DR allotypes.