gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-wavelength selective crossbar switch (2019)

Here we demonstrate an 8x4 multi-wavelength selective ring resonator based crossbar switch matrix implemented in a 220-nm silicon photonics foundry for interconnecting electronic packet switches in scalable data centers. This switch design can dynamically assign up to two wavelength channels for any port-port connection, providing almost full connectivity with significant reduction in latency, cost and complexity. The switch unit cell insertion loss was measured at 0.8 dB, with an out-of-band rejection of 32 dB at 400 GHz channel separation. All the ring resonator heaters were thermally tuned, with heaters controlled by a custom 64-channel DAC driver. Detailed measurements on the whole switch showed standard deviation of 2 dB in losses across different paths, standard deviation of 0.33 nm in resonant wavelength and standard deviation of 0.01 nm/mW in ring heater tuning efficiency. Data transmission experiments at 40 Gbps showed negligible penalty due to crosstalk paths through the switch.
Concurrent transmissions in IR-UWB networks: an experimental validation (2009)

We demonstrate and validate that concurrent and parallel transmissions are feasible for low data-rate impulse-radio ultra-wide band (IR-UWB) physical layers. The optimal organization for a low data-rate IR-UWB network is to allow for concurrent transmissions at the link layer, and to use interference mitigation techniques at the physical layer. Indeed, low data-rate IR-UWB physical layers can suffer from multi-user interference (MUI), especially in near-far scenarios. Therefore, we perform an experimental validation with a packet-based, low data-rate IR-UWB physical layer testbed. Our results clearly demonstrate that concurrent IR-UWB transmissions are possible. This shows that completely uncoordinated low data-rate IR-UWB networks are feasible. We also demonstrate that, in the presence of MUI, an interference mitigation scheme at the physical layer is indeed necessary. In particular, because it is the first component for the proper reception of a packet, we focus on packet detection and timing acquisition. We show that a traditional scheme is not robust against multi-user interference and prevents concurrent transmissions. On the contrary, a scheme designed to take MUI into account, even with a very simple interference mitigation scheme, allows for concurrent transmissions, even in strong near-far scenarios.
Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction with dermal allograft for primary and recurrent rotator cuff tears (2023)

SCR using human dermal allograft following structural failure of a previous rotator cuff repair can lead to an improvement in clinical outcomes but the results are inferior to primary procedures.
Presence of renin within intramitochondrial dense bodies of the rat adrenal cortex (1996)

It has been suggested that tissue-specific expression of the genes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) leads to local generation of angiotensin (ANG) II with specific physiological implications. We demonstrate here that an intracellular RAS exists in adrenal glomerulosa cells; 60 h after bilateral nephrectomy and hemodialysis, renin and prorenin were eliminated from the circulation, whereas intra-adrenal renin content increased (control rats: 2 +/- 0.5 ng ANG I.mg-1.h-1; anephric rats: 25 +/- 2). Thus renin is produced locally within adrenal cells. We obtained immunocytochemical and biochemical evidence for the presence of renin within intramitochondrial dense bodies of the zona glomerulosa. After nephrectomy, dense bodies increased in number, size, and renin content (control rats: 2.5 +/- 0.7 ngANGI.mg-1.h-1; anephric rats: 43 +/- 7). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was also present within mitochondria and their dense bodies. In addition, in adrenal cortex of anephric rats, giant dense bodies were observed, which contain renin and strongly react with an anti-angiotensinogen antibody. The localization of renin, ACE, and angiotensinogen at these sites provides new evidence for the existence of an intracellular adrenal RAS.
Direct Amino Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Polyketide Sugars (2004)

Back to the future: In a biomimetic asymmetric synthesis of sugars (see scheme) sequential cross-aldol reactions of simple aldehydes were catalyzed by amino acids. Deoxysugars were obtained with excellent chemoselectivity and up to >99 % ee. This transformation may implicate a prebiotic catalytic pathway in which amino acids transferred their stereochemical information to carbohydrates.
Spectroscopic properties of TR3+-doped double chloride crystals (2002)

We studied the optical spectra and luminescence kinetics of double chloride Kpb<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>5</SUB>:TR<SUP>3+</SUP> crystals as a new luminescent material promising for UV, VIS and mid-IR lasers, pumped with laser diodes. Intensity parameters were determined by the Judd-Ofelt method, radiative and non- radiative transition probabilities were calculated. It is shown that low multiphoton relaxation rate in the se crystal together with high values of radiative probabilities leads to the evidence of high intensive luminescence in spectral domain from 360 to 5000 nm. These features make these crystals promising for practical applications as active media for UV, VIS and mid-IR solid state lasers and amplifiers.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Oxidative Rearrangement Product of the First trans,cis,cis,cis‐( 5.5.5.5)Fenestrane Derivative. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Short-activating RNA Oligonucleotide Targeting the Islet β-cell Transcriptional Factor MafA in CD34+ Cells (2013)

Upon functional loss of insulin producing islet β-cells, some patients with diabetes become dependent on life-long insulin supplementation therapy. Bioengineering surrogate insulin producing cells is an alternative replacement strategy. We have developed a novel approach using short-activating RNA oligonucleotides to differentiate adult human CD34(+) cells into insulin-secreting cells. By transfecting RNA to increase transcript levels of the master regulator of insulin biosynthesis, v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), several pancreatic endodermal genes were upregulated during the differentiation procedure. These included Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene-1 (PDX1), Neurogenin 3, NeuroD, and NK6 homeobox 1 (NKx6-1). Differentiated CD34(+) cells also expressed glucokinase, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R), sulfonylurea receptor-1 (SUR1) and phogrin-all essential for glucose sensitivity and insulin secretion. The differentiated cells appropriately processed C-peptide and insulin in response to increasing glucose stimulation as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. We provide a new approach using short-activating RNA in developing insulin producing surrogate cells for treating diabetes.Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids (2013) 2, e97; doi:10.1038/mtna.2013.23; advance online publication 4 June 2013.
3D‐Printing Electrolytes for Solid‐State Batteries (2018)

Solid-state batteries have many enticing advantages in terms of safety and stability, but the solid electrolytes upon which these batteries are based typically lead to high cell resistance. Both components of the resistance (interfacial, due to poor contact with electrolytes, and bulk, due to a thick electrolyte) are a result of the rudimentary manufacturing capabilities that exist for solid-state electrolytes. In general, solid electrolytes are studied as flat pellets with planar interfaces, which minimizes interfacial contact area. Here, multiple ink formulations are developed that enable 3D printing of unique solid electrolyte microstructures with varying properties. These inks are used to 3D-print a variety of patterns, which are then sintered to reveal thin, nonplanar, intricate architectures composed only of Li<sub>7</sub> La<sub>3</sub> Zr<sub>2</sub> O<sub>12</sub> solid electrolyte. Using these 3D-printing ink formulations to further study and optimize electrolyte structure could lead to solid-state batteries with dramatically lower full cell resistance and higher energy and power density. In addition, the reported ink compositions could be used as a model recipe for other solid electrolyte or ceramic inks, perhaps enabling 3D printing in related fields.
Ensuring privacy in a Distributed Video Coding surveillance scenario (2011)

In this paper, a permutation scheme is introduced for Distributed Video Coding. The main goal is to preserve privacy and security in video surveillance video communications and can be adapted for other scenarios. The proposed approach consists to apply permutation based encryption to the DVC scenario. The permutation is defined by a secret key which is required at the decoder for decompression providing security. Simulation results show that the reference architecture and the permutation-based proposed have similar rate distortion performance.
Accessibility of gonococcal and meningococcal surface antigens: immunogold labeling for quantitative electron microscopy (1989)

The parallel application of two electron microscopic immunogold labeling procedures was used to assess the surface exposure and accessibility of gonococcal and meningococcal surface antigens. Monoclonal antibodies were used as markers for the surface antigens, i.e., outer membrane proteins and lipooligosaccharides. To evaluate the labeling densities obtained after incubation of whole bacteria in suspension or ultrathin cryosections of bacteria, a method of electron microscopic quantitation was developed. Incubation of whole bacterial suspensions with monoclonal antibodies and protein A-gold resulted in specific labeling of the bacterial surfaces. However, the labeling densities varied largely in each cell. By contrast, cryosections showed uniform heavy labeling densities at the surface of the outer membranes of all cells. Apparently, by sectioning the cells the antigen-masking barrier could be evaded, and steric hindrance was no longer restrictive. Thus, a better estimate of both the presence and the surface exposure, i.e., the accessibility of antigens, could be made. Such information is essential for us to better understand host-bacterial interactions and to develop new vaccines.
Suppressing Structural Colors of Photocatalytic Optical Coatings on Glass: The Critical Role of SiO2 (2017)

The appearance of structural colors on coated-glass is a critical esthetical drawback toward industrialization of photocatalytic coatings on windows for architecture or automobile. Herein we describe a rational approach to suppress the structural color of mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>-based coatings preserving photoactivity and mechanical stiffness. Addition of SiO<sub>2</sub> as third component is discussed. Ti<sub>x</sub>Si<sub>(1-x)</sub>O<sub>2</sub> mesoporous coatings were fabricated by one-step liquid deposition process through the evaporation induced self-assembling and characterized by GI-SAXS, GI-WAXS, electron microscopies, and in situ Environmental Ellipsometry Porosimetry. Guided by optical simulation, we investigated the critical role of SiO<sub>2</sub> on the optical responses of the films but also on the structural, mechanical, and photocatalytic properties, important requirements to go toward real applications. We demonstrate that adding SiO<sub>2</sub> to porous TiO<sub>2</sub> allows tuning and suppression of structural colors through refractive index matching and up to 160% increase in mechanical stiffening of the films. This study leads us to demonstrate an example of "invisible" coating, in which the light reflection is angle- and thickness-independent, and exhibiting high porosity, mechanical stiffness, and photoactivity.
Rapid selection of HIV envelopes that bind to neutralizing antibody B cell lineage members with functional improbable mutations (2021)

Summary Elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) by an HIV vaccine will involve priming the immune system to activate antibody precursors, followed by boosting immunizations to select for antibodies with functional features required for neutralization breadth. The higher the number of acquired mutations necessary for function, the more convoluted are the antibody developmental pathways. HIV bnAbs acquire a large number of somatic mutations, but not all mutations are functionally important. Here we identified a minimal subset of mutations sufficient for the function of the naturally occurring V3-glycan bnAb DH270.6. Using antibody library screening, candidate envelope immunogens that interacted with DH270.6-like antibodies containing this set of key mutations were identified and selected in vitro . Our results demonstrate that less complex B cell evolutionary pathways than those naturally observed exist for the induction of HIV bnAbs by vaccination, and establish rational approaches to identify boosting sequential envelope candidate immunogens.
Differential Privacy under Incalculable Sensitivity (2022)

Differential privacy mechanisms have been proposed to guarantee the privacy of individuals in various types of statistical information. When constructing a probabilistic mechanism to satisfy differential privacy, it is necessary to consider the impact of an arbitrary record on its statistics, i.e., sensitivity, but there are situations where sensitivity is difficult to derive. In this paper, we first summarize the situations in which it is difficult to derive sensitivity in general, and then propose a definition equivalent to the conventional definition of differential privacy to deal with them. This definition considers neighboring datasets as in the conventional definition. Therefore, known differential privacy mechanisms can be applied. Next, as an example of the difficulty in deriving sensitivity, we focus on the t-test, a basic tool in statistical analysis, and show that a concrete differential privacy mechanism can be constructed in practice. Our proposed definition can be treated in the same way as the conventional differential privacy definition, and can be applied to cases where it is difficult to derive sensitivity.
10471 Executive Summary – Scalable Visual Analytics (2011)

The Scalable Visual Analytics seminar was a fertile meeting in which researchers from diverse backgrounds met. It included industry and academia, senior and junior researchers, multi-national representation, and people coming from several disciplines. The diversity resulted in interesting and useful discussions, which will help to shape the future of the versatile research area of Visual Analytics. The seminar included multiple presentations and discussions which helped to exchange domain knowledge and steer future research activities. Besides, several working groups during the seminar not only identified future research directions in the field of scalable visual analytics but also initiated new joint projects. In total, plans for three position papers, two overview papers to outreach to other communities, and three EU FET Open Projects were drafted. Furthermore, three workshops as satellites of conferences that cover specific application areas were planned to further disseminate the work and provide a platform for ongoing discussions and activities.
Practical Considerations for Continuum Models Applied to Surface Electrochemistry (2019)

&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Modelling the electrolyte at the electrochemical interface remains a major challenge in ab initio simulations of charge transfer processes at surfaces. Recently, the development of hybrid polarizable continuum models/ab initio models have allowed for the treatment of solvation and electrolyte charge in a computationally efficient way. How- ever, challenges remain in its application. Recent literature has reported that large cell heights are required to reach convergence, which presents a serious computational cost. Furthermore, calculations of reaction energetics require costly iterations to tune the surface charge to the desired potential. In this work, we present a simple capacitor model of the interface that illuminates how to circumvent both of these challenges. We derive a correction to the energy for finite cell heights to obtain the large cell energies at no additional computational expense. We furthermore demonstrate that the reaction energetics determined at constant charge are easily mapped to those at constant potential, which eliminates the need to apply iterative schemes to tune the system to a constant potential. These developments together represent more than an order of magnitude reduction of the computational overhead required for the application of polarizable continuum models to surface electrochemistry. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Indirect field oriented control of an induction machine in the field weakening region (2003)

A self-organized field-oriented induction machine controller is proposed to address problems encountered when operating in the field weakening region. The controller has as its basis model reference adaptive principles, but it relies on samples of the state of the machine to determine control inputs. The proposed controller is compared to other approaches to field weakening operation, and the advantages and limitations of each are discussed. Experimental results are presented for the classical and the self-organized approaches to field weakening operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Complex effective index in graphene-silicon waveguides (2016)

We report for the first time and characterize experimentally the complex optical conductivity of graphene on silicon photonic waveguides. This permits us to predict accurately the behavior of photonic integrated devices encompassing graphene layers. Exploiting a Si microring add/drop resonator, we show the effect of electrical gating of graphene on the complex effective index of the waveguide by measuring both the wavelength shift of the resonance and the change in the drop peak transmission. Due to electro-refractive effect of graphene a giant (>10<sup>-3</sup>) change in the effective index is demonstrated for the first time on Si photonics waveguides and this large effect will crucially impact performances and consumption of Si photonics devices. We confirmed the results by two independent experiments involving two different gating schemes: Si gating through the ridge waveguide, and polymer-electrolyte gating. Both the experiments demonstrate a very large phase effect in good agreement with numerical calculations. The reported results validate the Kubo model for the case of graphene-Si photonics interfaces and for propagation in this type of waveguide. This is fundamental for the next design and fabrication of future graphene-silicon photonics devices.
Exploring Area and Delay Tradeoffs in FPGAs With Architecture and Automated Transistor Design (2009)

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are used in a variety of markets that have differing cost, performance and power consumption requirements. While it would be ideal to serve all these markets with a single FPGA family, the diversity in the needs of these markets means that generally more than one family is appropriate. Consequently, FPGA vendors have moved to provide a diverse set of families that sit at different points in the area-speed-power design space. This paper aims to understand the circuit and architectural design attributes of FPGAs that enable tradeoffs between area and speed, and to determine the magnitude of the possible tradeoffs. This will be useful for architects seeking to determine the number of device families in a suite of offerings, as well as the changes to make between families. We explore a broad range of architectures and circuit designs and developed a transistor sizing tool that automatically optimizes each design. In this paper, we describe this tool and demonstrate that it achieves results that are comparable to past work but with vastly less effort. We then use the designs produced by the tool to explore the range of tradeoffs possible. We find that through architecture and transistor sizing changes it is possible to usefully vary the area of an FPGA by a factor of 2.0 and the performance of an FPGA by a factor of 2.1. We also observe that the range of area and delay tradeoffs possible by varying only the transistor sizing of a single architecture is larger than the ranges observed in past architectural experiments. In addition to transistor size, we note that LUT size is one of the most useful parameters for trading off area and delay.
Preparation of CS-Fe_3O_4 Magnetic Polymer Microspheres and Study on Its Application in Treating Paper Waste Water (2011)

CS-Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres were prepared by means of using glutaric dialdehycle as dispersed medium,and they were used in the treatment of paper waste water.The result showed that when pH was 4～5 and initial CODCr was 1 500 mg·L-1,the ηwas about 83%.
Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation: A Gentle Introduction (2009)

This paper provides a concise introduction to targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) of causal effect parameters. The interested analyst should gain sufficient understanding of TMLE from this introductory tutorial to be able to apply the method in practice. A program written in R is provided. This program implements a basic version of TMLE that can be used to estimate the effect of a binary point treatment on a continuous or binary outcome.
Transition Metals in Total Synthesis (1990)

Partial Table of Contents: (1)-N-Acetyl Clavicipitic Acid Methyl Ester and (1)-Aurantioclavine (1)-Ibogamine and (1)-Catharanthine (1)-Limaspermine (1)-Thienamycin The Tropane Alkaloids: I-Hyoscyamine and Atropine (1)-Estrone (1)-Cyclocolorenone (1)-Hirsutic Acid, C, (1)-Quadrone and (1)-Coriolin Benzoquinones and Naphthaquinones (1)-Acorenone and (1)-Acorenone B. (1)-Daunomycinone and (1)-Adriamycinone Prostaglandins, 5-(E) Analogs: (1)-5-(E)-PGF2x Index.
Modification of the Radiosensitivity of Human Testicular Cancer Cells by Simian Virus 40 Sequences (1994)

CRL7800 cells are of human testicular cancer origin and are sensitive to killing by ionizing radiation. After transfection with a plasmid expressing the T-antigen (pSC), cells show enhanced growth and an increased resistance to ionizing radiation. Cell cycle analysis reveals perturbation of a cell cycle checkpoint which, after irradiation, results in an increase in G2-phase arrest in CRL7800VA cells. These experiments demonstrate the modulation of radiation sensitivity and cell cycle arrest of human tumor cells by the introduction of viral genes.
71‐3: Curved Kawara‐type Multidisplay with OLED Devices for BT.2020 Color Gamut (2017)

A curved Kawara‐type multidisplay is capable of displaying a seamless image with few visible joints. Organic light‐emitting diode devices that achieve an area ratio of 106% to the BT.2020 color gamut in theu ‘v’ chromaticity diagram are used. Tone correction using machine learning enables the joints to be less visible.
Elevated presence of myeloid dendritic cells in nasal polyps of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (2014)

Myeloid DCs are elevated in CRSwNP, especially in NPs. Myeloid DCs thus may indirectly contribute to the inflammation observed in CRSwNP.