gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variations in maternal adenylate cyclase genes are associated with congenital Zika syndrome in a cohort from Northeast, Brazil (2018)

These results suggest that maternal ADCY genes contribute to ZIKV pathogenicity and influence the outcome of CZS, being promising candidates for further replication studies and functional analysis.
Regulation of Endothelial Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells and In Vivo (2000)

Insulin can regulate the expression of eNOS gene, mediated by the activation of PI-3 kinase, in endothelial cells and microvessels. Thus, insulin may chronically modulate vascular tone. The activation of PKC in the vascular tissues as in insulin resistance and diabetes may inhibit PI-3 kinase activity and eNOS expression and may lead to endothelial dysfunctions in these pathological states.
Extended binding inhibitors of chymotrypsin that interact with leaving group subsites S1'-S3' (1987)

We have synthesized inhibitors of chymotrypsin, based on fluoromethyl ketones, that bind at S and S' subsites. "Small" inhibitors of serine proteases, which have previously been synthesized, only interact with S subsites. The parent compound is Ac-Leu-ambo-Phe-CF2H (1) (Ki = 25 X 10(-6) M). This inhibitor was modified by successively replacing H of the -CF2H group by -CH2CH2CONHCH3, (4), -CH2CH2CONH-Leu-NHMe (5), -CH2CH2CONH-Leu-Val-OEt (6), and -CH2CH2CONH-Leu-Arg-OMe (7). Corresponding Ki values are 7.8 (4), 0.23 (5), 0.21 (6), and 0.014 (7) microM. Extending 5 to 6 by addition of Val-OEt at P3' does not decrease Ki. In contrast, extension of 5 to 7 by incorporating Arg-OMe at P3' decreases Ki approximately 15-fold, suggesting interaction between Arg and the S3' subsite but no corresponding interaction at that subsite with Val. These results are in accordance with results obtained with the homologous family of avian ovomucoid third domain proteins. Proteins with Arg at the P3' position show highly favorable interactions with the protease at the S3' subsite [Park, S. J. (1985) Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University; M. Laskowski, Jr., personal communication]. These results establish that incorporation of residues which interact with S' subsites significantly increases the efficacy of inhibitors and that valuable information concerning the most effective amino acid composition of small inhibitors can be obtained from the amino acid sequence of protein inhibitors.
Charge and zeta-potential distribution in starch modified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) determined using electrical asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (EAF4) (2022)

Starch modified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is extensively used due to its emulsifying capacity. Modification with OSA renders the starch surface active but also anionic at intermediate pH. The amount of OSA that is grafted to the starch polymer backbone will influence the functionality. Likewise, it can be expected that the distribution of the substituents over the molar mass distribution will play an important role for the behavior and functionality. Electrical asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (EAF4) could provide charge-size dependent separation of samples with different charges. A major advantage is that zeta-potential and size/molar mass distribution can be simultaneously determined. The present study investigates if EAF4 can be used to determine the charge properties over molar mass (or size) distribution of barley starch modified with OSA. The results show that zeta potential and net charge could be estimated over the larger part of the OSA-starch molar mass distribution. Furthermore, the OSA substituents do not appear to be evenly distributed at or close to the “surface” of the polymers, which may have implications for the adsorption behavior and functionality of OSA-starch in emulsions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on applying EAF4 for the characterization of biopolymers and the first time that zeta potential can be determined over the molar mass distribution.
Optimaliseren tijdstip en wijze CA-warmtebehandeling bij aardbei(moer)planten (2009)

Voor de ontsmetting van aardbei(moeder)planten voor vermeerdering werden in het verleden de planten begast met methylbromide. Vanaf 2008 is deze toepassing definitief verleden tijd. De laatste jaren is met veel inzet gezocht naar alternatieve bestrijdingsmethoden. Hierbij is de nadruk gelegd op methoden zonder gebruik van chemische middelen. Dit is gedaan om een duurzame oplossing te vinden die zonder lange toelatingsprocedures meteen kan worden toegepast. Een alternatief in de vorm van een CA warmtebehandeling is nu voor de praktijk beschikbaar. De nieuwe methode wordt door de plantenkwekers kritisch gevolgd en op praktische toepassing beoordeeld.
Flexible Construction of Complex Service Compositions from Reusable Semantic Knowledge (2012)

Most service composition approaches rely on top down decomposition of a problem and AI-style planning to assemble services into a meaningful whole, impeding reuse and flexibility. In contrast, our approach starts from declarative knowledge about the semantics of individual services and constructs a full-blown orchestration process that supports sequence, choice and parallelism. The approach, which is able to generate OWL-S and WS-BPEL based description, is unique in producing complex compositions out of semantic links between services in a flexible way. It also allows reusing knowledge about semantic dependencies in the network to generate new compositions through new requests and modification of services at run-time.
Experimental Analysis of Cheon's Algorithm against Pairing-friendly Curves (2011)

Let G be an additive group generated by an element G of prime order r. The discrete logarithm problem with auxiliary input (DLPwAI) is a problem to find α on inputs G, αG, αdG ∈ G for a positive integer d dividing r-1. The infeasibility of DLPwAI ensures the security of some pairing-based cryptographic schemes. In 2006, Cheon proposed an algorithm for solving DLPwAI which works better than conventional algorithms. In this paper, we report our experimental results of Cheon's algorithm on a pairing-friendly elliptic curve defined over GF(3127). Moreover, based on our experimental results, we estimate the required cost of Cheon's algorithm to solve DLPwAI on some pairing-friendly elliptic curves over a finite field of characteristic 3. Our estimation implies that DLPwAI on a part of pairing-friendly curves can be solved at reasonable cost when the optimal parameter d is chosen.
Guide to the Nomenclature and Classification of Liquid Crystals (1998)

The prelims comprise: Introduction General Definitions Structural Features Polymeric Liquid Crystals Notation of Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Properties Stereochemistry References
Electrostatic discharge induced oxide breakdown characterization in a 0.1 μm CMOS technology (2003)

Historically, the failure mode of the NMOS/lateral NPN (Lnpn) due to electrostatic discharge (ESD) is source-to-drain filamentation as the temperature exceeds the melting temperature of silicon. However, as the oxide thickness shrinks, the ESD failure is instead due to oxide breakdown. In this paper, transmission line pulse (TLP) testing of the NMOS/Lnpn device is used to characterize the failure mode for a 0.1 /spl mu/m NMOS. The channel length and non-silicided source contact-to-gate spacing (SCG) are the main parameters in determining ESD protection capability. Using Id-Vg measurements, we show how oxide degradation before failure is detected with the leakage current failure criteria used. The latent effects of oxide degradation on the second breakdown current (It2) of the NMOS/Lnpn are identified. As the ultra-thin oxide (15 A) device ages from an oxide perspective, its ESD protection capabilities decrease.
Electrochemical L-Lactic Acid Sensor Based on Immobilized ZnO Nanorods with Lactate Oxidase (2012)

In this work, fabrication of gold coated glass substrate, growth of ZnO nanorods and potentiometric response of lactic acid are explained. The biosensor was developed by immobilizing the lactate oxidase on the ZnO nanorods in combination with glutaraldehyde as a cross linker for lactate oxidase enzyme. The potentiometric technique was applied for the measuring the output (EMF) response of l-lactic acid biosensor. We noticed that the present biosensor has wide linear detection range of concentration from 1 × 10(-4)-1 × 10(0) mM with acceptable sensitivity about 41.33 ± 1.58 mV/decade. In addition, the proposed biosensor showed fast response time less than 10 s, a good selectivity towards l-lactic acid in presence of common interfering substances such as ascorbic acid, urea, glucose, galactose, magnesium ions and calcium ions. The present biosensor based on immobilized ZnO nanorods with lactate oxidase sustained its stability for more than three weeks.
Study of High Dielectric Constant Materials for use in Compact Transmission Lines for HPM Drivers (2002)

One approach to developing compact pulsed power drivers of High Power Microwave (HPM) sources involves using folded Blumlein transmission lines as the pulse shaping element. In this paper we report progress in the modeling of Blumlein transmission lines, and the advantages of utilizing high dielectric constant ceramics in lieu of Kapton™ as the dielectric material. Ceramics with a graded resistivity profile might offer significant advantages in this configuration. Future directions of our research effort will be described.
Building Placements In Urban Modeling Using Conditional Generative Latent Optimization (2020)

Generating realistic urban environments by scattering or placing buildings on maps is a challenging problem. Unlike the existing procedural methods, we employ a data-driven approach to this problem. We combine two recent advances in machine learning techniques, Generative Latent optimization (GLO) together with adversarial training, to learn a model that can easily generate and place buildings on a given map. Such a model enables its users, particularly artists, to easily generate areas with specific styles, e.g. residential or commercial, just by providing examples. In contrast, traditional procedural methods require lengthy manual tuning of hyper-parameters. Using a more flexible method like ours allows artists to iterate over their designs of urban layouts much faster. Finally, our experiments on real-world data show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in visual quality and can better match the underlying distribution of the building placements.
Black Country, White Wilderness: Conservation, Colonialism, and Conflict in Tasmania (2017)

In 2015, Tasmania’s land management plan for the expansive Wilderness World Heritage Area, covering around a fifth of the entire island of south and central Tasmania, was dramatically revised. The new plan expanded dual management of the area with Aboriginal Tasmanians and the Tasmanian state through the creation of an Aboriginal Cultural Business Unit that would generate financial management opportunities for Aboriginals. However, Aboriginal perspectives on the meaning of land often conflicted with white conservationists’ wilderness values of remoteness and isolation. In this article, I argue that the reactions from white conservationists to the new plan are illustrative of a wilderness ideology that attempts to limit interactions with nature and consequently marginalizes Aboriginals. Reflexivity is an important aspect of this paper as these critiques of conservation are also critiques of my own beliefs and identity, and my reactions to what I encountered in this research add a layer that would have been absent otherwise. Through reflexive analysis of interviews and participant observation with individuals from environmental organizations, the Tasmanian government, the timber industry, tourism, and an Aboriginal corporation, along with printed materials and websites connected to the Wilderness World Heritage Area, I show that conservationists in Tasmania perpetuate colonial desires and white privilege at the expense of Tasmanian Aboriginals through the racialized ideology of wilderness.
Surface Induced Tilt Propagation in Thin Films of Semifluorinated Liquid Crystalline Side Chain Block Copolymers (2006)

The supramolecular self-assembly within a liquid crystalline block copolymer thin film with mesogenic semifluorinated alkyl side groups was studied using both grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and small angle scattering. Previous studies employing near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy indicated that mesogens at the film surface are tilted relative to the surface-normal. This tilt may arise from the interplay between the low surface energy of perfluoromethyl groups and the entropic degrees of freedom of each side chain (constrained by neighboring mesogens in the smectic layer and the alkyl linker attachment to the polymer backbone). Here, we show that the mesogen tilt at the surface propagates over several smectic layers into the film interior. We propose that the high grafting density of side chains in combination with a head-to-head arrangement of side chain free ends plays a significant role in transmitting mesogen tilt from the surface to the adjacent smectic layers within the film interior. In addition to scattering from individual mesogens, we observed characteristic scattering patterns in the plane of incidence produced by the horizontal smectic layers. The amorphous polystyrene block formed vertical domains interspersed in the liquid crystalline matrix, resulting in out-of-plane Bragg rods.
Analysis of the role of prespore gene expression in the compartmentalization of mother cell-specific gene expression during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis (1996)

A hallmark of sporulation of Bacillus subtilis is the formation of two distinct cells by an asymmetric division. The development programs in these two cells involve the compartmentalized activities of sigma E in the larger mother cell and of sigma F in the smaller prespore. Activation of sigma E requires expression of the sigma F-directed gene spoIIR. By immunofluorescence microscopy of a strain containing a spoIIR-lacZ fusion, we have shown that spoIIR is transcribed exclusively in the prespore. By placing spoIIR under the control of PspoIIE, it was possible to express spoIIR before the spore septum was formed. Strains containing the PspoIIE-spoIIR construct activated sigma E only in the mother cell in organisms that underwent the asymmetric sporulation division. Thus, compartmentalization of sigma E activity did not require the compartmentalization of spoIIR expression. Nor did the compartmentalization of sigma E require SpoIIAA, SpoIIAB, sigma F, or sigma F-dependent transcription, all of which are required for prespore-specific gene expression. It is inferred that although sigma F and sigma E direct compartmentalized gene expression, neither of these sigma factors, nor the genes under their control, directs the process of compartmentalization.
Catalytic Destruction Of Toxic Organic Compounds (1990)

Proposed process disposes of toxic organic compounds in contaminated soil or carbon beds safely and efficiently. Oxidizes toxic materials without producing such other contaminants as nitrogen oxides. Using air, fuel, catalysts, and steam, system consumes less fuel and energy than decontamination processes currently in use. Similar process regenerates carbon beds used in water-treatment plants.
Author response: Disentangling bias between Gq, GRK2, and arrestin3 recruitment to the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (2021)

Ligand-specific-induced conformations of M3 muscarinic receptors reveal similar requirements for G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 and Gq protein binding, whereas arrestin3 binding is mediated by distinct receptor conformations.
Lead preconcentration as rac-(E,E)-N,N′-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine complexes from water and tobacco samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (2015)

A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure for determination of Pb(II) in water and tobacco samples has been developed using rac-(E,E)-N,N′-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine as a chelating agent. Factors influencing the efficiency of DLLME have been optimised, including metal solution pH, type and amount of dispersing solvent, type and amount of extraction solvent, amount of chelating agent and sample volume. The optimized conditions for maximum recovery were as follows: sample pH 6; dispersing solvent, 500 μL of ethanol; extraction solvent, 150 μL of chloroform; chelating agent, 150 μL of 0.01% rac-(E,E)-N,N′-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine; and sample volume, 15 mL. The method was validated using the certified reference material SPS-WW2 waste water. The method offered a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.6 μg/L, a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 8.5 μg/L, and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 5.2%.
Hybrid CMOS/GaN 40-MHz Maximum 20-V Input DC–DC Multiphase Buck Converter (2017)

This paper presents a 40-MHz hybrid CMOS/GaN integrated multiphase DC-DC switched-inductor buck converter with a maximum 20-V input voltage. The half-bridge switches are realized using lateral AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, while the drivers and other circuitry are implemented in standard 180-nm CMOS. The interface between the CMOS and GaN dice is achieved through face-to-face bonding, reducing inductive parasitics for the connection to less than 15 pH. A capacitively coupled level shifter provides the gate drive for the high-side GaN switch using 5-V CMOS devices. The converter demonstrates 76% efficiency for 8:1 V conversion and over 60% efficiency for conversion ratios up to 16:1.
Current scaling of the topological quantum phase transition between a quantum anomalous Hall insulator and a trivial insulator (2020)

We report a current scaling study of a quantum phase transition between a quantum anomalous Hall insulator and a trivial insulator on the surface of a heterostructure film of magnetic topological insulators. The transition was observed by tilting the magnetization while measuring the Hall conductivity ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{xy}$. The transition curves of ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{xy}$ taken under various excitation currents cross each other at a single point, exemplifying a quantum critical behavior of the transition. The slopes of the transition curves follow a power-law dependence of the excitation current, giving a scaling exponent. Combining with the result of the previous temperature scaling study, critical exponents $\ensuremath{\nu}$ for the localization length and $p$ for the coherence length are separately evaluated as $\ensuremath{\nu}=2.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3$ and $p=3.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3$.
The Complete Genome and Proteome of Mycoplasma mobile (2004)

Although often considered "minimal" organisms, mycoplasmas show a wide range of diversity with respect to host environment, phenotypic traits, and pathogenicity. Here we report the complete genomic sequence and proteogenomic map for the piscine mycoplasma Mycoplasma mobile, noted for its robust gliding motility. For the first time, proteomic data are used in the primary annotation of a new genome, providing validation of expression for many of the predicted proteins. Several novel features were discovered including a long repeating unit of DNA of approximately 2435 bp present in five complete copies that are shown to code for nearly identical yet uniquely expressed proteins. M. mobile has among the lowest DNA GC contents (24.9%) and most reduced set of tRNAs of any organism yet reported (28). Numerous instances of tandem duplication as well as lateral gene transfer are evident in the genome. The multiple available complete genome sequences for other motile and immotile mycoplasmas enabled us to use comparative genomic and phylogenetic methods to suggest several candidate genes that might be involved in motility. The results of these analyses leave open the possibility that gliding motility might have arisen independently more than once in the mycoplasma lineage.
Metal‐Catalyzed [2+2+1] Cycloadditions of 1,3‐Dienes, Allenes, and CO (2006)

Der Kreis wird geschlossen: Die RhI-katalysierten Titelreaktionen verlaufen unter milden Bedingungen und mit guten bis ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten bei einer Katalysatorbeladung von nur 0.1 Mol-%. Die Dienylallene reagieren selektiv über die inneren Doppelbindungen der Allen- und Dieneinheiten, was eine Vielzahl an Substituenten ermöglicht. DCE=1,2-Dichlorethan, TFE=2,2,2-Trifluorethanol. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z600300_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Exploiting Temporal Channel Correlation in Opportunistic SD-OFDMA (2006)

In opportunistic SDMA, the base station forms several random beams simultaneously and relies on fast but limited feedback for scheduling users on the beams. In this paper, opportunistic SDMA is applied to an OFDMA downlink by having independent beamformers run in parallel on different frequency bands (SD-OFDMA). A method for improving the performance of completely random beamforming is proposed and evaluated. It exploits the temporal channel correlation and the partial channel state information available at the transmitter to keep "successful" beams over longer periods of time than the default block duration. Extensive simulation results show a significant improvement in cell throughput compared to a completely random scheme. The results also show that in order to gain more from the multiple simultaneous beams than what is lost in additional interference, the system load must be high.
Evaluation of microbial qPCR workflows using engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2016)

The engineered yeast has potential to support measurement assurance for the analytical process of qPCR, encompassing the method, equipment, and operator, to increase confidence in results and better inform decision-making in areas of applied microbiology. This material can also support process assessment for other DNA-based detection technologies.
Role of the N‐terminus of rat pheochromocytoma tyrosine hydroxylase in the regulation of the enzyme's activity (1988)

Activation of rat pheochromocytoma tyrosine hydroxylase by limited tryptic proteolysis was investigated. The modifications produced upon the enzyme's structure were analyzed with the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tyrosine hydroxylase activity was measured all through the digestion. During the proteolysis the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase was elevated threefold at the same time as a 56-kDa tryptic fragment was formed. When the enzyme was phosphorylated, at its N-terminal region, by a kinase copurified with tyrosine hydroxylase, the major 56-kDa species did not appear to be phosphorylated on the autoradiograph, suggesting that it was derived from the native subunit by cleavage of the N-terminal of the protein. The reactivity of the 2/40/15 anti-(tyrosine hydroxylase) monoclonal antibody with the N-terminal of tyrosine hydroxylase was also investigated, using the Western-blot technique. This antibody reacted with the 62-kDa hydroxylase subunit but not with the 60-kDa tryptic fragment; the amino acid sequences of these two species showed that the 60-kDa fragment lacked the first 16 N-terminal amino acids of the native molecule. These results suggest that the N-terminal region of tyrosine hydroxylase is apparently responsible for an inhibition of the hydroxylase activity and that the first N-terminal amino acids of the hydroxylase are necessary for the recognition of the enzyme by its antibody.