gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A NEW CPMG SURFACE-NMR PULSE SEQUENCES FOR IMPROVED ESTIMATION OF RELAXATION TIMES AND HYDROGEOLOGIC PROPERTIES (2013)

The capability of non-invasive surface-NMR methods to characterize aquifer properties can be advanced through development of new pulse sequences that overcome limitations of previous measurement schemes. Conventional single-pulse measurements of the FID yield reliable determination of water content, but the measured T2* decay time is often dominated by the influence of magnetic geology, which accelerates the decay and reduces sensitivity to permeability. Basic double-pulse schemes have been investigated for measuring the more robust T1 and T2 relaxation times, but these experiments require repeated acquisitions with varied delay-times and measure a signal that is still fundamentally limited by the duration of T2*. These factors result in very long acquisition times or low SNR, especially for conditions of short T2* and/or high noise. Recognizing these limitations, and taking inspiration from more sophisticated pulse sequences used in laboratory and borehole NMR measurements, we have developed a multi-echo acquisition scheme, based on the CPMG sequence. This new approach uses a train of N appropriately phase-cycled pulses to produce a train of N-1 echo signals in a single recording; common values of N range from 5-9. The resulting data provide robust determination of T2 versus depth and within greatly reduced acquisition times. Compared to a similar double-pulse dataset, the effective acquisition time for the CPMG is reduced by a factor of N. Further, because the recorded signal persists over a longer duration (∼T2), the CPMG provides yields higher overall SNR detection statistic for conditions of T2>>T2*. We present the key technical aspects and considerations of this CPMG scheme together with a collection of field case studies demonstrating the advantages of this approach. The case studies include applications in a range of geologic environments and direct comparison with borehole NMR data, providing validation of this method as a means for improved aquifer characterization.
PLGA-Encapsulated Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Visualization of Distinct Cell Populations by 19 F MRI (2015)

We demonstrate the use of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles for simultaneous (19)F MRI of distinct cell populations in a clinical setting, without spectroscopic imaging.
Indium as a central metal enhances the photosensitizing efficacy of benzoporphyrin derivatives (2011)

Compared to benzoporphyrin derivative-dimethyl ester (BPD-DME) and its 8-(1'-hexyloxy)ethyl analog the corresponding In(III) complexes showed enhanced in vitro photosensitizing efficacy in Colon26 tumor cells, which could be due to their higher singlet oxygen producing ability. In both organic (methanol) and aqueous Bovine Calf Serum (17% BCS) solutions the metalated analogs were significantly more stable than the parent photosensitizers. Presence of Indium as a central metal gave 13-25 nm hypsochromic shift to the long wavelength absorption band with reduced absorption and fluorescence intensity. The insertion of metal did not produce any difference in intracellular localization of the photosensitizers and were mainly localized in mitochondria.
Genetic basis of oxygen sensing in the carotid body: HIF2α and an isoform switch in cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (2020)

The mechanistic basis of the marked oxygen sensitivity of glomus cells in the carotid body has long puzzled physiologists. In this issue of <i>Science Signaling</i>, Moreno-Domínguez <i>et al.</i> show the critical importance of high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF2α/EPAS1, and the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit, COX4I2, in glomus cell sensitivity to hypoxia.
Surgical and transcatheter aortic valve procedures. The limits of risk scores (2010)

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in very high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. The present multicenter, retrospective study investigates the accuracy and calibration properties of the EuroSCORE and the age, serum creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score in selecting a population of patients to be referred to TAVI. The study includes 1053 surgical and 211 transcatheter procedures. The operative mortality rate within the surgical group was 2%. The EuroSCORE and the ACEF score had similar levels of accuracy; the ACEF score was well calibrated and the EuroSCORE overestimated the mortality risk. The observed mortality rate within the transcatheter group was 10.4%. Cut-off values corresponding to a mortality rate of 10% were 26 for the logistic EuroSCORE and 2.5 for the ACEF score: both the EuroSCORE and the ACEF score may be used to refer patients to TAVI. However, they do not consider a number of 'extreme' risk conditions that may justify a transcatheter procedure even in absence of an overall elevated risk score. These risk conditions should be included in a specific risk model for referring patients for TAVI.
PBRM1 acts as a p53 lysine-acetylation reader to suppress renal tumor growth (2019)

p53 acetylation is indispensable for its transcriptional activity and tumor suppressive function. However, the identity of reader protein(s) for p53 acetylation remains elusive. PBRM1, the second most highly mutated tumor suppressor gene in kidney cancer, encodes PBRM1. Here, we identify PBRM1 as a reader for p53 acetylation on lysine 382 (K382Ac) through its bromodomain 4 (BD4). Notably, mutations on key residues of BD4 disrupt recognition of p53 K382Ac. The mutation in BD4 also reduces p53 binding to promoters of target genes such as CDKN1A (p21). Consequently, the PBRM1 BD4 mutant fails to fully support p53 transcriptional activity and is defective as a tumor suppressor. We also find that expressions of PBRM1 and p21 correlate with each other in human kidney cancer samples. Our findings uncover a tumor suppressive mechanism of PBRM1 in kidney cancer and provide a mechanistic insight into the crosstalk between p53 and SWI/SNF complexes.
Treemap - The Fast Routing Convergence Method for Application Layer Multicast (2010)

Application layer multicast (ALM) is an alternative to overcome many problems that prevent IP multicast from widely using. However, when the overlay route changes, it takes time for end-hosts to update new routing table. In this paper, we propose Treemap a technique to alleviate this problem. The main contribution of Treemap is to perform application layer routing which is self contained in a packet. As a result, end-hosts do not need to update new overlay route, yielding fast route adaptation when the overlay route changes. Furthermore, the Treemap technique can be used to extend Xcast6 (Explicit Multi-unicast for IPv6). Xcast6 Treemap sends data in network layer multicast with the support of Xcast router, otherwise it works like ALM. With nominal packet header processing, Xcast6 Treemap is well suited for loss/time sensitive applications such as video conference.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐Cyano‐2,2‐dimethyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyran and Other Substituted 2,2‐Dimethyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyrans. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers by Microwave Photoconductivity Decay (2005)

A Microwave Photoconductivity Decay (M-PCD) technique which senses changes insample conductivity as carriers recombine following excitation by a laser pulse, has been used to determine the minority carrier recombination lifetime from the decay rate of carriers in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers. Decay times varying from 60 ns to 500 ns have been measured, with the decay increasing with thickness. Device simulations show that I-V characteristics of pin diodes fabricated with these epitaxial layers are compatible with the observed decay times.
Visualization of human retinal and choroidal vascular networks with phase-variance optical coherence tomography (2013)

We present <i>in vivo</i> noninvasive retinal and choroidal perfusion maps with phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT). We acquired a pvOCT volumetric data set of a normal subject and visualized blood circulation in the retina and the choroid. <i>En face</i> projection views of the retina as well as the choroid were generated from a manually segmented volumetric data set. In addition, the processed pvOCT images were compared to current standard imaging modalities used for retinal and choroidal vasculature visualization in clinical settings, including fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).
Double surface imaging designs with unconstrained object to image mapping under rotational symmetry (2014)

In this work, we present a novel imaging design formed by two optical surfaces with rotational symmetry. In these designs, both object and image shapes are given but mapping from object to image is obtained through the design process. In the examples considered, the image from a planar object surface is virtual and located at infinity and is seen from a known pupil, which can emulate a human eye. The differential equation method is used to provide single optical surface imaging designs by considering the local properties of the imaging surface and the wavefronts. In the first introductory part, both the rotational symmetrical and the freeform single surface imaging designs are presented using the differential equation method. In these designs, not only the mapping is obtained in the design process, but also the shape of the object is found. In the second part, the method is extended to two surface designs with rotational symmetry and the astigmatism of the image has been studied. By adding one more optical surface to the system, the shape of the rotational symmetrical object can be designed while controlling the tangential rays and sagittal rays simultaneously. As a result, designs without astigmatism (at the small pupil limit) on a planar object surface have been obtained.
Coherently controlled quantum emitters in cavities (2010)

Semiconductor nanostructures such as quantum dots (QDs) have offered unique opportunities to investigate quantum optical effects in solid-state systems. These include quantum interference, Rabi oscillations, as well as photon antibunching, and were previously observable only in isolated atoms or ions. In addition, QDs can be integrated into optical microcavities, making them attractive for applications in quantum information processing and high efficiency quantum light sources. Despite much progress towards these goals, one area that was little explored is coherent control of such solid-state quantum emitters in cavities. The main technical hurdle lies in overcoming the laser background scattering. By using a sample structure in which QDs are embedded in a planar Fabry-Perot cavity and by using an orthogonal excitation geometry, we have achieved a nearly complete elimination of laser background scattering. This in turn allows us to show resonantly controlled light emission of quantum dots in the cavity including (a) Rabi flopping using pulse control, (b) direct observation of Mollow triplets in the frequency domain, and (c) simultaneously measured first-order and second order photon-photon correlations.
A review on opportunities brought by 3D-monolithic integration for CMOS device and digital circuit (2018)

In this paper, we review the main opportunities brought by 3D-monolithic integration for CMOS device and digital circuit. Simulation results show that 3D monolithic integration can provide up to 30% power reduction at iso-performance and 30% manufacturing cost saving for digital circuits, compared to planar technology, making it an attractive alternative to the straightforward technology scaling. We benchmark the transistor-level and cell-level 3D-monolithic integrations, where the inter-tier vias (3D-contacts) are used intra-cell or inter-cell, respectively. On the one hand, transistor-level 3D-integration can be seen as a full-custom approach, both in terms of technology and circuit design. It promises more performance but at the expense of strong Design/Technology Co-Optimizations. On the other hand, the cell-level 3D-integration ensures a 50% area reduction and a re-use of the technology/design platform. The main technology challenge relative to this integration is the thermal budget constraint of the top-level process integration and the intermediate Back-End-Of-Line (iBEOL) stability. Finally, the total isolation of the top-level transistors integrated in 3D-monolithic raises new opportunities and offers new functionalities like for example an efficient dynamic back-biasing capability.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Carbon Coating of LiFePO4 as High Rate Electrode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. (2011)

Abstract Micrometer‐size LiFePO 4 spheres with homogeneous double carbon coating layers are prepared as potential electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries.
Iridium-Catalyzed C–H Borylation of Cyclopropanes (2013)

The borylation of cyclopropanes catalyzed by the combination of (η(6)-mes)IrBpin3 or [Ir(COD)OMe]2 and a phenanthroline derivative is reported. The borylation occurs selectively at the methylene C-H bonds of the cyclopropane ring over methine or methyl C-H bonds. High diasteroselectivities were observed from reactions catalyzed by the combination of iridium and 2,9-Me2phenanthroline. The cyclopropylboronate esters that are generated are versatile synthetic intermediates that can be converted to trifluoroborate salts, boronic acids, cyclopropylarenes, cyclopropylamines, and cyclopropanols.
All-digital 1-bit RSFQ autocorrelator for radioastronomy applications: design and experimental results (1998)

We present the design of a rapid single-flux-quantum all-digital 1-bit autocorrelator for submillimeter spectrometry applications, featuring 4-GHz input signal bandwidth, double oversampling quantizer, and 16-Mb/s-per-channel output rate. The correlator consists of a digital delay line with multiplication and an array of accumulators with parallel readout. We report experimental results for a three-stage delay line (294 Josephson junctions) and a 4/spl times/4 array of accumulators (288 Josephson junctions) fabricated in HYPRES' standard 3.5-/spl mu/m 1000-A/cm/sup 2/ Nb-trilayer process.
The Drosophila Gene for Antizyme Requires Ribosomal Frameshifting for Expression and Contains an Intronic Gene for snRNP Sm D3 on the Opposite Strand (1998)

Previously, a Drosophila melanogaster sequence with high homology to the sequence for mammalian antizyme (ornithine decarboxylase antizyme) was reported. The present study shows that homology of this coding sequence to its mammalian antizyme counterpart also extends to a 5' open reading frame (ORF) which encodes the amino-terminal part of antizyme and overlaps the +1 frame (ORF2) that encodes the carboxy-terminal three-quarters of the protein. Ribosomes shift frame from the 5' ORF to ORF2 with an efficiency regulated by polyamines. At least in mammals, this is part of an autoregulatory circuit. The shift site and 23 of 25 of the flanking nucleotides which are likely important for efficient frameshifting are identical to their mammalian homologs. In the reverse orientation, within one of the introns of the Drosophila antizyme gene, the gene for snRNP Sm D3 is located. Previously, it was shown that two closely linked P-element transposon insertions caused the gutfeeling phenotype of embryonic lethality and aberrant neuronal and muscle cell differentiation. The present work shows that defects in either snRNP Sm D3 or antizyme, or both, are likely causes of the phenotype.
Chiral α-P,N Ligands From a Diastereoselective Ph2PH Addition to (η6-Benzaldimine)tricarbonylchromium Complexes (1999)

Chiral α-aminophosphane (α-P–C–N) ligands have been prepared by reversible addition of Ph2PH to tricarbonylchromium benzaldimine complexes (CO)3Cr[η6-o-C6H4(Y)(CHNR)] (with Y, R = CH3, CH3 or CH2COOCH3; CH3O, CH3 or p-CH3OC6H4; Cl, C6H5), with complete diastereoselectivity. These complexes are stabilized in solution by electron-withdrawing group(s) on the imine.
Aggregation Behavior of Tetraenoic Fatty Acids in Aqueous Solution (2007)

Welche Packung wollen Sie? Charakteristische blauverschobene UV-Absorptionen wurden genutzt, um die Aggregation von C24-Tetraen-Fettsäuren in wässriger Lösung zu verfolgen. Die Aggregation verläuft über drei Zustände (K→T1→T2; siehe Bild), und es wird vorgeschlagen, dass alle diese Aggregate lokal lamellar sind, sich aber im Packungsmodus des Fettsäure-Rückgrats unterscheiden.
Measurement of the WW cross section in s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings (2012)

This Letter reports a measurement of the W W production cross section in s = 7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb -1 collected with the ATLAS detector.
Isolation of laminin by affinity chromatography on immobilized Griffonia simplicifolia I lectin (1982)

Peer Reviewed
Prototype of a breath-based analysis system for medication compliance monitoring (2007)

Poor compliance to prescribed medication regimens in clinical trials continues to be a major obstacle to drug development success and cost reduction, and there is no gold standard technology that is cheap and effective to reliably measure drug compliance. This paper presents a new drug compliance scheme based on the detection of volatile markers in exhaled breath using a commercial off-the-shelf electronic nose (e-nose) system. A mouth air collection system was developed and interfaced with an e-nose for automated sampling and analysis of breath samples. Advanced signal processing techniques were used to develop classifiers for discriminating between blank breath and breaths masked with volatiles. The compliance monitor was able to achieve 100% detection rate in separating a volatile tagged breath from a blank breath, and 98% discrimination rate between volatile types. The proposed compliance monitor demonstrates a cheap and reliable method of measuring drug compliance in clinical trials.
Organic/inorganic hybrid materials-2007 : symposium held April 9-13, 2007, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (2008)

The field of organic/inorganic hybrids has evolved significantly, providing materials with increasing architectural complexities and functionalities. Scientists involved in this field are gradually moving from building materials using a classical molecular approach (e.g. polymerization) to assembling materials on the nanoscale, using a variety of innovative strategies which can vary from the assembly of DNA motifs, to the formation of mesoporous materials by spinodal decomposition, or the use of nanoparticles or oxoclusters as nanobuilding blocks for building complex structures such as nacre-like transition metal oxides. This precise control over the materials architecture also adds functionality to the hybrid materials, whether it is for designing special membranes for phase separation and chromatography or thin films for photonic or magnetic applications. This book presents contributions from researchers worldwide and discusses organosiloxane-based materials; mesoporous materials and films; layered materials; surface and interface modification and characterization; controlled release and biological applications; nanoparticles synthesis and assembly; nanocomposites and new concepts.
Short-Packet Communications for MIMO NOMA Systems Over Nakagami-m Fading: BLER and Minimum Blocklength Analysis (2021)

Recently, ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) using short-packets has been proposed to fulfill the stringent requirements regarding reliability and latency of emerging applications in 5G and beyond networks. In addition, multiple-input multiple-output non-orthogonal multiple access (MIMO NOMA) is a potential candidate to improve the spectral efficiency, reliability, latency, and connectivity of wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate short-packet communications (SPC) in a multiuser downlink MIMO NOMA system over Nakagami-m fading, and propose two antenna-user selection methods considering two clusters of users having different priority levels. In contrast to the widely-used long data-packet assumption, the SPC analysis requires the redesign of the communication protocols and novel performance metrics. Given this context, we analyze the SPC performance of MIMO NOMA systems using the average block error rate (BLER) and minimum blocklength, instead of the conventional metrics such as ergodic capacity and outage capacity. More specifically, to characterize the system performance regarding SPC, asymptotic (in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime) and approximate closed-form expressions of the average BLER at the users are derived. Based on the asymptotic behavior of the average BLER, an analysis of the diversity order, minimum blocklength, and optimal power allocation is carried out. The achieved results show that MIMO NOMA can serve multiple users simultaneously using a smaller blocklength compared with MIMO OMA, thus demonstrating the benefits of MIMO NOMA for SPC in minimizing the transmission latency. Furthermore, our results indicate that the proposed methods not only improve the BLER performance, but also guarantee full diversity gains for the respective users.
Multi-view embedding learning for incompletely labeled data (2013)

In many applications, the data may be high dimensional, represented by multiple features, and associated with more than one labels. Embedding learning is an effective strategy for dimensionality reduction and for nearest neighbor search in massive datasets. We propose a novel method to seek compact embedding that allows efficient retrieval with incompletely-labeled multi-view data. Based on multi-graph Laplacian, we achieve the optimal combination of heterogeneous features to effectively describe data, which exploits the feature correlations between different views. We learn the embedding that preserves the neighborhood context in the original spaces, and obtain the complete labels simultaneously. Inter-label correlations are sufficiently leveraged in the proposed framework. Our goal is to find the maps from multiple input spaces to the compact embedding space and to the semantic concept space at the same time. There is semantic gap between the input multi-view feature spaces and the semantic concept space; and the compact embedding space can be looked on as the bridge between the above spaces. Experimental evaluation on three real-world datasets demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.