gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin Internalization and Degradation in Adipocytes from Normal and Type II Diabetic Subjects* (1986)

We studied the ability of isolated adipocytes from normal and type II diabetic subjects to internalize and process [125I]insulin. Adipocytes were incubated with [125I]insulin at 16 or 37 C, and at various times total cell-associated, surface-bound, and intracellular insulin were quantitated using an acid-barbital extraction technique which quickly removes cell surface insulin, leaving behind the intracellular insulin. Insulin internalization was slow in normal adipocytes at 16 C, such that only 13% of total cell-associated insulin was intracellular after 2 h of incubation. In contrast, internalization was rapid at 37 C, such that the intracellular pool of insulin was near maximal by 30 min and accounted for approximately 40% of the total cell-associated insulin. Sephadex G-50 column chromatography of the intracellular insulin demonstrated that more than 95% of this pool coeluted with native insulin. In adipocytes from the diabetic subjects, approximately 45% of total cell-associated insulin was intracellular after 30 min of incubation at 37 C. After 60 min of incubation at 37 C, the percentages of total cell-associated and surface-bound insulin were significantly lower in adipocytes from diabetic compared to normal subjects [1.81 +/- 0.31% (+/- SEM) vs. 2.92 +/- 0.24% (P less than 0.05) and 0.97 +/- 0.14% vs. 1.72 +/- 0.15% (P less than 0.01), respectively]. The percentage of insulin in the intracellular compartment was also slightly lower in adipocytes from diabetic compared to normal subjects (0.84 +/- 0.19% vs. 1.20 +/- 0.16%; P greater than 0.05). The lysosomotropic agent chloroquine increased total cell-associated insulin, and this was due entirely to an increase in intracellular insulin. In adipocytes from normal subjects, chloroquine increased intracellular insulin by 32% at 30 min, by 89% at 60 min, by 140% at 90 min, and by 178% at 120 min. In comparison to the normal adipocytes, the chloroquine-mediated increase in intracellular insulin was lower in adipocytes from the diabetic subjects (-8.1% at 30 min, 37% at 60 min, 58% at 90 min, and 63% at 120 min; P less than 0.05 at all time points). These results indicate that insulin is rapidly internalized in human adipocytes at 37 C such that approximately half of total cell-associated insulin is intracellular the intracellular insulin is largely intact; and intracellular processing of insulin by a chloroquine-sensitive pathway(s) is impaired in adipocytes from type II diabetic subjects.
Supplementary Table 3 from A Multi-Institution Phase I Trial of Ruxolitinib in Patients with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical demographics and characteristics of responses in all patient on study.&lt;/p&gt;
Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 Antagonizes Giardia intestinalis In Vivo (2005)

This study describes the in vivo activity of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 (NCC533) in Giardia intestinalis-infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Daily administration of lactobacilli in the drinking water from 7 days before inoculation with Giardia trophozoites efficiently prevented G. intestinalis strain WB clone C6 from infecting gerbils. More specifically, shedding of fecal Giardia antigens (GSA65 protein) was diminished in the La1-treated group, and resolution of infection was observed by 21 days postinoculation. Histology and analysis of enzymatic markers of microvillus membrane integrity revealed that probiotic administration also protected against parasite-induced mucosal damage. In addition, a cellular response to Giardia antigens was stimulated in spleen cells from La1-treated gerbils. Results show for the first time the antigiardial effect of probiotic lactobacilli in vivo and provide further insight into the antagonistic properties of lactic acid bacteria against protozoa involved in intestinal infections.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Reductions of Nitroarenes: Bromoethanol‐Assisted Phthalocyanatoiron/NaBH4 Reductions. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Automatically exploiting implicit parallelism (2001)

In this paper we showhow implicit parallelism in multi-way recursive methods, typically used to implement tree traversal or divide-and-conquer algorithms, can be made explicit by a restructuring compiler using the multi-threading mechanism of Java. Expressing parallelism in Java itself clearly has the advantage that the transformed program remains portable. After compilation of the transformed Java program into byte-code, speedup can be obtained on any platform on which theJava byte-code interpreter support the true parallel execution of threads, whereas only a slight overhead is induced on uni-processors. 1
FRESH bioprinting technology for tissue engineering – the influence of printing process and bioink composition on cell behavior and vascularization (2021)

The rapid and tailored biofabrication of natural materials is of high interest for the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Scaffolds require both high biocompatibility and tissue-dependent mechanical strength to function as basis for tissue-engineered implants. Thus, natural hydrogels such as fibrin are promising but their rapid biofabrication remains challenging. Printing of low viscosity and slow polymerizing solutions with good spatial resolution can be achieved by freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting of cell-laden natural hydrogels. In this study, fibrin and hyaluronic acid were used as single components as well as blended ink mixtures for the FRESH bioprinting. Rheometry revealed that single materials were less viscous than the blended bioink showing higher values for viscosity over a shear rate of 10-1000 s<sup>-1</sup>. While fibrin showed viscosities between 0.1624 and 0.0017 Pa·s, the blended ink containing fibrin and hyaluronic acid were found to be in a range of 0.1-1 Pa·s. In 3D vascularization assays, formation of vascular structures within the printed constructs was investigated indicating that the printing process did not harm cells and allowed formation of vasculature comparable to moulded control samples. Best values for vascularization were achieved in bioinks consisting of 1.0% fibrin-0.5% hyaluronic acid. The vascular structure area and length were three times higher compared to other tested bioinks, and structure volume as well as number of branches revealed almost four times higher values. In this study, we combined the benefits of the FRESH printing technique with in vitro vascularization, showing that it is possible to achieve a mechanically stable small-scale hydrogel construct incorporating vascular network formation.
Spatial: a language and compiler for application accelerators (2018)

Industry is increasingly turning to reconfigurable architectures like FPGAs and CGRAs for improved performance and energy efficiency. Unfortunately, adoption of these architectures has been limited by their programming models. HDLs lack abstractions for productivity and are difficult to target from higher level languages. HLS tools are more productive, but offer an ad-hoc mix of software and hardware abstractions which make performance optimizations difficult.
Prophylaxis and treatment of recurrent viral hepatitis after liver transplantation (2007)

Chronic hepatitis B or C can cause severe liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both viral infections together especially hepatitis c virus infection (HCV) are the mayor indication for liver transplantation in Western Europe and the United States. Recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or HCV infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) plays a key role for the outcome after liver transplantation concerning patient and graft survival rates. Allograft dysfunctions, cirrhosis of the allograft and graft failure are major complications after recurrent viral hepatitis. The survival after liver transplantation for HBV-related liver disease changed dramatically during the last two decades with results today comparable with non-HBV-related liver transplantations. Availability of immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) as well as nucleoside/nucleotide analogues like lamivudine or adefovir in the pre- and post-transplant setting conferred to significant better results due to an efficient prophylaxis and the possibility of therapy of HBV reinfection of the allograft. New drugs such as entecavir, tenofovir and telbivudine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infections may offer even more opportunities in the transplant setting. In contrast, despite recent achievements in the treatment of HCV infection with pegylated interferons and ribavirin, patients with HCV cirrhosis or after liver transplantation are difficult to treat. Sustained virological response (SVR) rates in prophylactic and therapeutic approaches of HCV reinfection after OLT are only low compared to the pre-cirrhotic HCV infection. Moreover, best treatment duration and dosage of recurrent HCV infection with pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin remains to be defined.
NMR-Based Metabolomic Profiling of Urine: Evaluation for Application in Prostate Cancer Detection (2019)

Detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and distinguishing indolent versus aggressive forms of the disease is a critical clinical challenge. The current clinical test is circulating prostate-specific antigen levels, which faces particular challenges in cancer diagnosis in the range of 4 to 10 ng/mL. Thus, a concerted effort toward building a noninvasive biomarker panel has developed. In this report, the hypothesis that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-derived metabolomic profiles measured in the urine of biopsy-negative versus biopsy-positive individuals would nominate a selection of potential biomarker signals was investigated. 1 H NMR spectra of urine samples from 317 individuals (111 biopsy-negative, 206 biopsy-positive) were analyzed. A double cross-validation partial least squares-discriminant analysis modeling technique was utilized to nominate signals capable of distinguishing the two classes. It was observed that after variable selection protocols were applied, a subset of 29 variables produced an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.94 after logistic regression analysis, whereas a “master list” of 18 variables produced a receiver operating characteristic ROC) AUC of 0.80. As proof of principle, this study demonstrates the utility of NMR-based metabolomic profiling of urine biospecimens in the nomination of PCa-specific biomarker signals and suggests that further investigation is certainly warranted.
Selective transformation of hemicellulose (xylan) into n-pentane, pentanols or xylitol over a rhenium-modified iridium catalyst combined with acids (2015)

<italic>n</italic>-Pentane (yield 70%), pentanols (32%) or xylitol (79%) can be produced from xylan by using an Ir–ReO<sub>x</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst combined with acids.
3D imaging of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion in rats using hyperpolarized 129Xe (2011)

Introduction: Proper matching of ventilation (V) and pulmonary perfusion (Q) is essential for efficient gas exchange. Moreover, mismatches between V and Q and spatial heterogeneity in the V/Q ratio are hallmarks of virtually all pulmonary diseases. Unfortunately, currently available methods of imaging V and Q in small animals: 1) lack 3D resolution, which is needed to measure V/Q heterogeneity; 2) employ multiple modalities or contrast agents, which complicates data quantification; or 3) require hour-long image acquisitions, which prevent monitoring acute changes in V/Q. Potentially, these problems can be avoided using hyperpolarized (HP) Xe, which can generate lung images that reflect either ventilation or perfusion if delivered via the vasculature [1]. To exploit these unique properties, we previously introduced a method of continuously infusing Xe to the blood using an extracorporeal (EC) circuit [2]. Here we demonstrate that EC infusion can be used to generate 3D images of pulmonary perfusion.
A MAGE-3 peptide presented by HLA-B44 is (2002)

Antigens encoded by MAGE genes are of particular interest for cancer immunotherapy because of their tumoral specificity and because they are shared by many tumors. Antigenic peptide MEVDPIGHLY, which is encoded by MAGE-3 and is known to be presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B44, is currently being used in therapeutic vaccination trials. We report here that a cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone, which is restricted by HLA-B*1801, recognizes the same peptide and, importantly, lyzes HLA- B18 tumor cells expressing MAGE-3. These results imply that the use of peptide MEVDPIGHLY can now be extended to HLA-B18 patients. We also provide evidence that, under limiting amounts of protein MAGE-3, HLA B*1801 and B*4403 compete for binding to the peptide.
Method for semi-continuous heat exchange operations by alternating between heat exchangers (2023)

A method for semi-continuous operation of a heat exchange process that alternates between two heat exchangers is disclosed. The method comprises, first, providing a contact liquid to a first heat exchanger while the second heat exchanger is on standby. The contact liquid contains a dissolved gas, an entrained gas, or residual small particles that foul the first heat exchanger by condensing or depositing as a foulant onto the first heat exchanger, restricting free flow of the contact liquid. Second, detecting a pressure drop across the first heat exchanger. Third, switching flows of the coolant from the first to the second heat exchanger. Fourth, removing the foulant from the now standby first heat exchanger by providing heat to the heat exchanger, passing a non-reactive gas through the heat exchanger, or a combination thereof. In this manner, the heat exchange process operates semi-continuously.
Nonlinear wavelet transforms for image coding via lifting (2003)

We investigate central issues such as invertibility, stability, synchronization, and frequency characteristics for nonlinear wavelet transforms built using the lifting framework. The nonlinearity comes from adaptively choosing between a class of linear predictors within the lifting framework. We also describe how earlier families of nonlinear filter banks can be extended through the use of prediction functions operating on a causal neighborhood of pixels. Preliminary compression results for model and real-world images demonstrate the promise of our techniques.
Diagnosis of femoropopliteal venous thrombosis with MR imaging: a comparison of four MR pulse sequences. (1990)

In a prospective study, MR images were evaluated in seven patients with femoropopliteal venous thrombosis with symptoms of less than 5 days duration. T1-weighted (600/25 [TR/TE]), intermediate (2000/30), and T2-weighted (2000/100) spin-echo series and a gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state (GRASS) series were compared. Using venography as the standard for diagnosis, we found GRASS to be the most sensitive of the MR techniques, showing thrombi in all patients. It provided good contrast between the low-intensity thrombus and high-intensity flowing blood and also between thrombus and intermediate- or high-intensity perivascular tissues. The T1-weighted series was the least sensitive technique. All thrombi showed heterogeneity in the transaxial image with differences in signal between the peripheral and central regions. A higher intensity signal in the center than in the periphery at some level of the thrombus was found in six of seven T2-weighted or GRASS images. Heterogeneity in the signal intensity was more frequent in distal portions of thrombi, whereas the most proximal extent was homogeneous in appearance in six of seven cases. The heterogeneous appearance may be related to the greater age of the distal thrombus, because deep venous thrombi are known to begin in the calf and extend proximally over time. We conclude, on the basis of our experience with a small number of patients, that the GRASS MR technique is more sensitive for detecting acute deep venous thrombosis than T1-weighted, intermediate, and T2-weighted MR images.
Dynamics and topographical distribution of surface glycoproteins during myoblast fusion: a resonance energy transfer study (1982)

We have investigated changes in topography and lateral translational mobility of concanavalin A (Con A) receptors on the surface of cultured chick muscle cells during the period of myoblast fusion. A temporal correlation between these phenomena and the alteration in membrane fluidity known to occur during this time period is established. Receptor topography and mobility are studied by means of a resonance energy transfer technique employing pyrene- and FITC-Con A conjugates. All measurements are performed through a microscope on single cells. Our results reveal that during the period of myoblast fusion Con A receptors undergo a dramatic redistribution on the cell surface. Furthermore, our data suggest that the changes in membrane fluidity observed during muscle differentiation serve to modulate the lateral mobility of these receptors.
Sample quantile-based programming for non-convex separable chance constraints (2023)

We propose a sampling-based approximation to non-convex, separable, chance constrained optimization problems using sample quantiles. The proposed approach does not require any prior knowledge of the distribution or the moments of the uncertainty, and accommodates chance constraints that are non-convex in the decision variables. We prescribe the finite number of samples and the tightening necessary to produce a feasible solution to the original chance constrained optimization problem with bounded suboptimality. The proposed approximation has a low computational cost since the number of sample-based constraints does not grow with the number of samples, and the number of samples needed is independent of the number of decision variables. We show the effectiveness of the proposed solution in a stochastic motion planning problem with non-convex obstacle avoidance constraints.
New technologies and applications in robotics (1994)

article Free Access Share on New technologies and applications in robotics Authors: Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Michael L. Reed Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Lee E. Weiss Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 3March 1994 pp 58–67https://doi.org/10.1145/175247.175253Published:01 March 1994Publication History 11citation612DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads612Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Synthesis and characterization of a ribavirin-3′, 5′-phosphate pentadecamer homoribopolymer bearing a 5′-amino tether group and a 3′-thymidine (1990)

The synthesis of a pentadecamer of the 5'-phosphate of the antiviral nucleoside ribavirin (1'-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) has been achieved. This homoribopolymer is terminated at the 5'-position with an (6-aminohexyl)phosphate group to permit conjugation to a carrier and at the 3'-position by a thymidine-5'-phosphate. The synthesis was accomplished using the methyl phosphoramidite approach to oligoribonucleotides. The homoribopolymer was insensitive to ribonuclease A but was sensitive to ribonuclease T2 digestion.
Biological Activity of a Mouse-Human Chimeric Immunoglobulin G2 Antibody toCryptococcus neoformansPolysaccharide (2002)

The variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the protective murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2H1 (m2H1) were expressed with the human constant region genes for immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) and kappa, respectively, to construct a chimeric antibody (ch2H1). ch2H1 retains the specificity of the parent MAb, exhibits biological activity, and lacks the toxicity of the parent murine IgG1 in chronically infected mice.
Preclinical Pharmacology of ABT‐594: A Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Pain (2000)

ABSTRACT ABT‐594 [(R)‐5‐(2‐azetedinylmethoxy)‐2‐chloropyridine mono‐tosylate salt] is a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist with antinociceptive activity in rodent pain models. Whereas the binding affinity of ABT‐594 at α 4 β 2 ‐containing nAChRs is comparable to that of (±)‐epibatidine, ABT‐594 has lower affinity than (±)‐epibatidine at α 3 ‐containing nAChRs. Similarly, ABT‐594 is approximately equivalent to (±)‐epibatidine in a Ca 2+ flux assay in K‐177 cells that express 04132 nAChRs but less potent than (±)‐epibatidine in the IMR‐32 (α 3 ‐containing) cell line. ABT‐594 is active in a variety of rodent models of acute thermal (mouse hot‐plate, rat thermal paw withdrawal), persistent chemical (mouse abdominal constriction, rat formalin) and neuropathic (diabetic neuropathy and Chung spinal nerve ligation in rats) pain. Effects of ABT‐594 on acute thermal pain appear to be mediated centrally and may involve activation of descending inhibition originating in the brainstem. ABT‐594 decreases responses of wide dynamic range neurons in the dorsal lumbar spinal cord to noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli but does not alter responses of these neurons to innocuous stimuli. ABT‐594 has plasma elimination half life ranging from &lt; 0.5 h in mice to 4.7 h in dogs and readily penetrates the CNS. Oral bioavailability ranges from 35 to 80% in a variety of species. In rats, the majority of ABT‐594 is excreted in the urine after both oral and intravenous administration, and parent drug accounts for better than 75% of total radioactivity in plasma after administration of labeled ABT‐594 (AUC 0–12 )
A Social Media Study on the Effects of Psychiatric Medication Use (2019)

Understanding the effects of psychiatric medications during mental health treatment constitutes an active area of inquiry. While clinical trials help evaluate the effects of these medications, many trials suffer from a lack of generalizability to broader populations. We leverage social media data to examine psychopathological effects subject to self-reported usage of psychiatric medication. Using a list of common approved and regulated psychiatric drugs and a Twitter dataset of 300M posts from 30K individuals, we develop machine learning models to first assess effects relating to mood, cognition, depression, anxiety, psychosis, and suicidal ideation. Then, based on a stratified propensity score based causal analysis, we observe that use of specific drugs are associated with characteristic changes in an individual's psychopathology. We situate these observations in the psychiatry literature, with a deeper analysis of pre-treatment cues that predict treatment outcomes. Our work bears potential to inspire novel clinical investigations and to build tools for digital therapeutics.