gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reducing Fair Exchange to Atomic Commit (2005)

Abstract. The fair exchange problem is key to trading electronic items in systems of mutually untrusted parties. We consider modern variants of such systems where each party is equipped with a tamper proof security module. The security modules trust each other but can only communicate by exchanging messages through their host parties. These are untrusted and could intercept and drop those messages. We show that the fair exchange problem at the level of untrusted parties can be reduced to an atomic commit problem at the level of trusted security modules. This reduction offers a new perspective with which fair exchange protocols can be designed. In particular, we present a new atomic commit protocol, called Monte Carlo NBAC, which helps build a new and practical fair exchange solution. The exchange does always terminate and no party commits the exchange with the wrong items. Furthermore, there is an upper bound on the the probability that the exchange ends up being unfair, and this bound is out of the control of the untrusted parties. Contact Author
Interaction of Light with Si Nanowire Films (2006)

The optical properties of silicon nanowire films fabricated on bulk Si and glass substrates are reported. The total reflectance of aligned nanowire arrays formed by a wet etch process on bulk Si is lower than the control over all wavelengths below the bandgap, varying from ~1% at 300 nm to les 10% at 1,000 nm. Similar results are observed for nanowire thin films. The observed reflectance is related to the so-called "moth-eye" effect. Modeling work shows strong resonance of light within and between nanowires
Bit-Rate-Flexible All-Optical OFDM Transceiver Using Variable Multi-Carrier Source and DQPSK/DPSK Mixed Multiplexing (2009)

We propose and demonstrate a bit-rate-flexible all-optical OFDM transceiver. Signals were successfully generated at 107, 42.8, 32.1, and 10.7Gbit/s and received through the transceiver. The 107-Gbit/s signal was successfully transmitted over 40-km-SMF without dispersion compensation.
Spatially Localized Photoluminescence at 1.5 Micrometers Wavelength in Direct Laser Written Optical Nanostructures (2008)

A 3D direct laser writing (3D DLW) compatible photoresist, consisting of erbium-doped arsenic trisulfide (Er:As2S3) has been developed. This photoresist simultaneously possess a refractive index (n) of 2.45 and photoluminescence at 1.5 μm wavelength that is also spatially localizable. This enables 3D DLW to produce high-refractive index photonic structures with spatially selective optical activity without the need for post-processing steps.
Abstract 9422: Tandem Deep Learning and Logistic Regression Models to Optimize Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Detection in Routine Clinical Practice (2022)

Background: An electrocardiogram (ECG)-based artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm has shown good performance in detecting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM AI-score). However, its clinical application may be challenging due to the low disease prevalence and potentially high false-positive rate when screening unenriched cohorts. Aims: To identify clinical characteristics associated with false-positive HCM AI-score results to improve screening tool application. Methods: From a cohort of 20,677 patients with a digital 12-lead ECG in routine clinical practice in 2021, we performed a detailed chart review of the 200 patients with highest HCM AI-score to determine their HCM status and collect clinical data. Stepwise forward logistic regression was used to create a clinical variable-based “candidacy for HCM screening” score (CHS score), differentiating true- and likely true-positive from likely false-positive HCM AI-score results. We then validated the CHS score in 200 patients with the highest HCM AI-scores from an independent cohort of 15,147 patients with an ECG in 2022. Results: Among the 200 patients in 2021 (median age 71 years, 48% female), 96 (48%) were likely false-positive HCM AI-score results, 71 (36%) definite or likely true-positive results, and 33 (16%) indeterminate. The CHS score included a history of surgical septal myectomy, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, cardiac valve replacement, and pacemaker, and had an AUC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.83-0.92) for the differentiation of true- versus false-positive AI results. In the 2022 cohort, the CHS score had an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.76 - 0.88). After limiting the cohort to HCM candidates identified by the CHS score, the false-positive results rate was reduced to 27/114 (24%). Conclusions: By applying the CHS score to patients with positive HCM AI-screening results, the false-positive rate decreased from 49% to 24%. Utilizing a clinical model used in tandem with an AI model improved diagnostic yield.
Is Schizophrenia Linked to Chromosome 1q? (2002)

Article MetricsDownloadsCitationsNo data available.012JunJulAugSepOctNov160Total6 Months12 MonthsTotal number of downloads for the most recent 6 whole calendar months.
A dual linear polarized printed reflectarray using slot loaded patch elements (2007)

This paper presents a printed reflectarray with dual- polarization capabilities. The array element is a square patch loaded with crossed slots. Both the size of the patch and that of the slots are used to control the reflected phase. Simulated and measured results are given for a 437-elements breadboard with 0.7 λ0 inter-element spacing. The performance of the concept is also demonstrated for smaller array lattice. (5 pages)
Comparison of rainfall thresholds using radar and raingauge network (2009)

Critical rainfall thresholds, that specify the precipitation amount for a given duration that generates a critical&#13;\ndischarge in a given cross section, are evaluated using radar data and gauging stations. The methodology used in&#13;\nthis work starts from the detection of a a critical section and the relative critical discharge. Then an hydrological&#13;\nsimulation is performed; thus the river basin is outlined at the critical cross section with a rainfall/runoff model, that&#13;\nis twice opportunely calibrated using radar data and gauging stations respectively. After that the inverse hydrologic&#13;\nproblem is iteratively solved to identify, for a given duration, the cumulative rainfall correspondent to the critical&#13;\ndischarge. Finally, a reliability analysis on the existence of any missed alarms or false alarms for the case study is&#13;\ndone using available and overlapping events both from radar and rain gauge data. The study is focused on Mignone&#13;\nriver basin, 560 km2, located in Lazio Region, Italy.
Receiver ON time optimization for Watchful sleep mode to enhance Energy Savings of 10-Gigabit Passive Optical Network (2018)

The Passive optical network (PON) has opened new avenues for the provisioning of very high bandwidths per user through a pure optical fiber based Access Network. However, increasing split ratios in PON are leading to higher power consumption of the PON due to 60% of the power being consumed by the optical network units (ONUs). Recently, watchful sleep mode (WSM) has been added to the PON standards that combines both the cyclic doze and sleep techniques in a single operation by periodically turning on the ONU receiver (RX) during the sleep cycle. However, still, the impact of RX on time on the energy-saving performance of WSM has not been studied.  Therefore, this study presents a performance evaluation of the WSM in a 10 Gb/s PON (XG-PON) network with varying RX (ON) times. The investigation is performed with a dynamic bandwidth assignment scheme and real traffic data from Broadcom CATV headend. A comprehensive review of the power saving techniques for XGPON is also presented. The results of the simulation study show that the maximum energy savings are achieved if the RX ON and  OFF times are set to 100% duty cycle of the Watch state with non-significantly increases in upstream and downstream delays and variance.
Aqueous extracts of Syzygium brazzavillense can inhibit the infection with coxsackievirus B4 in vitro (2019)

Traditional practitioners commonly use plant crude extracts to treat various diseases in patients with symptoms that can be seen during enterovirus infections. In this study, the antienteroviral activity of medicinal plants from the Republic of Congo has been evaluated in vitro. Through an ethnopharmacological approach, seven plants grouped into six families were identified. Aqueous and organic extracts of various organs from these plants were prepared. The organic extracts at subcytotoxic concentrations did not inhibit the cytopathic effect (CPE) induced by coxsackievirus (CV)B1-5, CVA6, poliovirus type 1, and enterovirus 71. The aqueous extract of Syzygium brazzavillense, but not those of other plants, inhibited the CPE induced by CVB3 and CVB4 at 30 µg/mL (CC<sub>50</sub> ; 2800 µg/mL, IC<sub>50</sub> ; 0.8 µg/mL) and by CVB2 and poliovirus type 1 at higher concentrations. When aqueous extract of this plant was mixed with CVB4, the replication of the virus was inhibited. In conclusion, aqueous extracts of Syzygium brazzavillense can inhibit the infection with CVB4 and other enteroviruses in vitro. The present ethnopharmacological investigation helped to identify a plant with potential properties useful to combat enterovirus infections.
The effect of high-energy electron radiation on poly(arylene ether)s (1993)

Thin films of four experimental poly(arylene ether)s of similar chemical structure were exposed to 1 MeV electrons while under high vacuum. The films received total exposures of 5 x 10 7 and 1 x 10 9 rads at a dose rate of 5 x 10 7 rads h -1 and a pressure of 2 x 10 -7 torr. Films exposed to 5 x 10 7 rads showed dramatic changes in molecular weight distribution. After exposures of 1 x 10 9 rads the films were only partially soluble in chloroform and exhibited no detectable changes in the glass transition temperatures. Thin-film tensile properties were also altered by the exposure to electron radiation. The effect of the exposures as determined by various analyses is discussed.
Equation of state predictions of sorption isotherms in polymeric materials (1993)

Abstract The ability of the Sanchez‐Lacombe equation of state to predict the solubility of small penetrants in rubbery polymer matrices, over a wide range of ambient pressures, is examined critically. The solute chemical potential and, in turn, the resulting predicted isotherms are found to depend strongly on solute equation of state parameter values and on the mixing parameter for polymer‐penetrant interactions. The isotherms are less sensitive to polymer equation of state parameters. In the sorption of organic vapors into polymers, the model does not describe well the sorption isotherms at high values of penetrant activity. The model appears to describe sorption isotherms most accurately when both polymer and penetrant equation of state parameters are determined from pure component properties, in the same temperature and pressure range as the sorption data, and when a mixing parameter is used to adjust the fit of the model to the data. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Automatic Recognition of Emotional States From Human Speeches (2010)

Over the recent decades, automatic recognition of emotional states has attracted increasing interest among the researchers. This chapter addresses the problem of emotion recognition from human speech cues. The processes involved and some popular methods for feature extraction and emotion classification have been discussed in the chapter. In particular, acoustic features such as the short time cepstral features, i.e. Perceptual Linear Prediction (PLP) Cepstral Coefficients, the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), and the Linear Prediction-based Cepstral Coefficients (LPCC), have been discussed in the chapter. Several popular classification methods, including the Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), the Universal Background Model -Gaussian Mixture Model (UBM-GMM), the Hidden Markov model (HMM), the Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and a recently proposed hybrid method have been discussed too. Experimental results, in terms of recognition accuracies, obtained by using the LDC database (University of Pennsylvania) have been included and discussed in the chapter too.
Purification of Human Monoclonal Antibodies and Their Fragments (2013)

This chapter summarizes the most common chromatographic mAb and mAb fragment purification methods, starting by elucidating the relevant properties of the compounds and introducing the various chromatography modes that are available and useful for this application. A focus is put on the capture step affinity and ion exchange chromatography. Aspects of scalability play an important role in judging the suitability of the methods. The chapter introduces also analytical chromatographic methods that can be utilized for quantification and purity control of the product. In the case of mAbs, for most purposes the purity obtained using an affinity capture step is sufficient. Polishing steps are required if material of particularly high purity needs to be generated. For mAb fragments, affinity chromatography is not yet fully established, and the capture step potentially may not provide material of high purity. Therefore, the available polishing techniques are touched upon briefly. In the case of mAb isoform and bispecific antibody purification, countercurrent chromatography techniques have been proven to be very useful and a part of this chapter has been dedicated to them, paying tribute to the rising interest in these antibody formats in research and industry.
Genetic and Pharmacological Evaluation of Cathepsin S in a Mouse Model of Asthma (2010)

Cathepsin S (Cat S) is predominantly expressed in antigen-presenting cells and is up-regulated in several preclinical models of antigen-induced inflammation, suggesting a role in the allergic response. Prophylactic dosing of an irreversible Cat S inhibitor has been shown to attenuate pulmonary eosinophilia in mice, supporting the hypothesis that Cat S inhibition before the initiation of airway inflammation is beneficial in airway disease. In addition, Cat S has been shown to play a role in more distal events in the allergic response. To determine where Cat S inhibition may affect the allergic response, we used complementary genetic and pharmacological approaches to investigate the role of Cat S in the early and downstream allergic events in a murine model of antigen-induced lung inflammation. Cat S knockout mice did not develop ovalbumin-induced pulmonary inflammation, consistent with a role for Cat S in the development of the allergic response. Alternatively, wild-type mice were treated with a reversible, highly selective Cat S inhibitor in prophylactic and therapeutic dosing paradigms and assessed for changes in airway inflammation. Although both treatment paradigms resulted in potent Cat S inhibition, only prophylactic Cat S inhibitor dosing blocked lung inflammation, consistent with our findings in Cat S knockout mice. The findings indicate that although Cat S is up-regulated in allergic models, it does not appear to play a significant role in the downstream effector inflammatory phase in this model; however, our results demonstrate that Cat S inhibition in a prophylactic paradigm would ameliorate airway inflammation.
Stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-1,3-bis(α,β-unsaturated carbonyl)-isoindolines from aldehydes and phenacyl azides under metal free conditions (2021)

Here in the present manuscript, we report our observation of an unprecedented stereoselective synthesis of 2<i>H</i>-isoindolin-1,3-ylidenes from 2-(formylphenyl)acrylates and phenacylazide in the presence of piperidine. Unlike in our previous findings, in which we accessed 3-keto-isoquinolines from the same starting materials under slightly modified reaction conditions, this unexpected one-pot tandem reaction allows an efficient and simple method to access a variety of highly functionalized ethyl (<i>Z</i>)-2-((<i>Z</i>)-3-(2-oxo-2-arylethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>e</i>]isoindol-1-ylidene)-acetates in very good to excellent yields (up to 91%). The present methodology is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups.
Evaluation of optimized iterative reconstruction parameters using channelized Hotelling observer in whole body PET (2006)

1487 Objectives: Iterative reconstruction has been used successfully in whole body PET images and the ordered-subset expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm was a method used widely in some iterative algorithms. However, there is no theory of optimum reconstruction parameters (i.e. numbers of subset and iteration) in the OSEM algorithm, the reconstruction parameters for clinical data is empirically setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate optimal reconstruction parameters of the OSEM using the channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) well correlated with human observer. Methods: A PET scanner, CTI-Siemens ECAT EXACT HR+, was used to scan images of two types phantoms, a hot spot phantom (Japan Radioisotope Association phantom) and a 20 cm diameter cylindrical phantom filled with F-18. A hot spot phantom was made by 6 hot cylinders (diameter 10 mm to 38 mm) and filled in water (20 cm diameter). The six cylinders, with internal diameters of 10, 13, 17, 22, 27 and 37 mm, were filled with F-18 at a 5:1 concentration with respect to the background. The gated emission scan (10 frames per cardiac cycle) was acquired using an electrocardiogram simulator (AccuSync 71, AccuSync Medical Research Corporation, Milford, Connecticut), and the heart rate was at 60 cycles/min. The acquisition counts of each cardiac cycle were corresponds approximately to 3 min/bed position for whole body scan. The OSEM algorithm was used for two-dimensional reconstruction of each datasets. The OSEM parameters was changing the numbers of subset and iteration, was a sixty different type of datasets. The CHO was applied to 50 slices (5 slices×10 frame) from the images of each type to compute detectability, and the optimum image reconstruction parameter was evaluated. Results: The CHO was increasing with the numbers of iteration except for 16 and 32 subsets. This result was possibly due to slow convergence with small numbers of subset and checkerboard noise with large numbers of subset. As for the optimum reconstruction parameters of the OSEM algorithm, numbers of subset and iteration were, 16 and 3, respectively. Conclusions: Our preliminary data suggested that the CHO was effective in reconstruction parameters setting of the OSEM algorithm. Generally the optimum reconstruction parameters of the OSEM algorithm are dependent on the statistics noise of projection data, but optimum reconstruction parameters can be quantitatively evaluated using the CHO.
Coupling characteristics of dual-core photonic crystal fiber couplers (2003)

Coupling characteristics of dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) couplers are evaluated by using a vector finite element method and their application to a multiplexer-demultiplexer (MUX-DEMUX) based on PCF is investigated. The PCF couplers for 1.48/1.55-m, 1.3/1.55-m, 0.98/1.55-m, and 0.85/1.55-m wavelength MUX-DEMUX are designed and the beam propagation analysis of the proposed PCF couplers is performed. It is shown from numerical results that it is possible to realize significantly shorter MUX-DEMUX PCFs, compared to conventional optical fiber couplers.
Broadband cooperative communications (2008)

In broadband communications, OFDM is an effective means to capture multipath energy, mitigate the intersymbol interference, and offer high spectral efficiency. OFDM is used in many communications systems, e.g., wireless local area networks (WLANs) and wireless personal area networks (WPANs). Recently, OFDM together with time–frequency interleaving across subbands, the so-called multiband OFDM [9], has been adopted in the ultra-wideband (UWB) standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs).
Pump-probe Measurements in Silicon-Rich Nitride Waveguides and Resonators Doped with Erbium (2009)

We report a suppression, attributed to erbium stimulated emission, of the photoinduced absorption of a 1.53um probe in erbium doped silicon rich nitride waveguides. Resonators with record high quality factors &gt;14,000 are achieved.
Integrin-mediated RON Growth Factor Receptor Phosphorylation Requires Tyrosine Kinase Activity of Both the Receptor and c-Src (2000)

Cooperation between integrins and growth factor receptors plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. The function of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) can be regulated by cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) even in the absence of ligand. We investigated the pathway involved in integrin-mediated RTK activation, using RON, the receptor for macrophage-stimulating protein. Adhesion of RON-expressing epithelial cells to ECM caused phosphorylation of RON, which depended on the kinase activity of both RON itself and c-Src. This conclusion is based on these observations: 1) ECM-induced RON phosphorylation was inhibited in cells expressing kinase-inactive c-Src; 2) active c-Src could phosphorylate immunoprecipitated RON from ECM-stimulated cells but not from unstimulated cells; and 3) ECM did not cause RON phosphorylation in cells expressing kinase-dead RON, nor could active c-Src phosphorylate RON immunoprecipitated from these cells. The data fit a pathway in which ECM-induced integrin aggregation causes both c-Src activation and RON oligomerization followed by RON kinase-dependent autophosphorylation; this results in RON becoming a target for activated c-Src, which phosphorylates additional tyrosines on RON. Integrin-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation also depended on both EGFR and c-Src kinase activities. This sequence appears to be a general pathway for integrin-dependent growth factor RTK activation.
Unconditional Care in Academic Emergency Departments (2020)

Recent news stories have explicitly stated that patients with symptoms of COVID-19 were "turned away" from emergency departments. This commentary addresses these serious allegations, with an attempt to provide the perspective of academic emergency departments (EDs) around the Nation. The overarching point we wish to make is that academic EDs never deny emergency care to any person.
66.4: High Contrast Edgelit Frontlight Solution for Reflective Displays (2012)

Abstract We developed an LED edgelit frontlight with a large view cone, high contrast in both emissive and reflective modes, and compatibility with fully laminated module architectures. A high volume manufacturing ready glass‐based frontlight lightguide technology is introduced, which includes unidirectionally reflective light turning microstructures having high reflectivity towards the display and low reflectivity towards the viewer.
Study on impact force calculation formula of ship lock gravity dolphin (2015)

Ship impact force is one of the main loads of the ship lock hydraulic structures. In order to understand its main influence factors and reasonably determine the calculation method, the transient dynamic analysis method is used in this paper to study the dynamic response of the dolphin under the ship -dolphin collision. Taking the dolphin of a ship lock in Jiangsu province as an example,the 3D finite element model of the ship, the dolphin and the foundation soil was established by the explicit module of ABAQUS to simulate the transient process of the ship's impact under different conditions,and the change law of impact force under different working conditions was obtained. The results are as follows: A linear relation between the impact force and ship impact velocity was founded. Under the condition of a certain impact velocity, the greater the ship's displacement, the greater the impact force, and the impact force and displacement 5 . 0 V M P = was obtained by using the nlinfit function of MATLAB. The research results of this paper can provide reference for the revision of the shiplock design codes and the design of the ship pier structure.