gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
hERG Inhibitors with Similar Potency But Different Binding Kinetics Do Not Pose the Same Proarrhythmic Risk: Implications for Drug Safety Assessment (2013)

Our study demonstrates the need for screening for hERG binding configurations rather than potency alone. It also demonstrates the potential link between hERG, drug mode of action and TdP, and the need to question the current regulatory guidance.
Topology optimization for transient heat transfer problems (2016)

The focus of this work is on passive control of transient heat transfer problems using the topology optimization (TopOpt) method [1]. The goal is to find distributions of a limited amount of phase change material (PCM), within a given design domain, which optimizes the heat energy storage [2]. Our aim is to obtain manufacturable designs [3] as well as demonstrating TopOpt for mixed multiphysics problems [4].TopOpt provides material distributions in a given design domain, optimized with respect to a given objective and satisfying a set of constraints. Originating in static mechanical problems, TopOpt has later been extended to transient problems in mechanics and photonics (e.g. [5], [6] and [7]). In the presented approach, the optimization is gradient-based, where in each iteration the non-steady heat conduction equation is solved,using the finite element method and an appropriate time-stepping scheme. A PCM can efficiently absorb heat while keeping its temperature nearly unchanged [8]. The use of PCM ine.g. electronics [9] and mechanics [10], yields improved performance and lower costs depending on a.o., the spatial distribution of PCM.The considered problem consists in optimizing the distribution of PCM in a design domain, subject to a periodic heat influx. The objective is to stabilize the heat outflow. Application examples include keeping constant room temperature for oscilatory heat input or keeping constant working temperature of a CPU subjected to time varying computational load.
Association of Human Antibodies to Arabinomannan With Enhanced Mycobacterial Opsonophagocytosis and Intracellular Growth Reduction (2016)

Our results provide further evidence for a role of Ab-mediated immunity to tuberculosis and suggest that IgG to AM, especially to some of its OS epitopes, could contribute to the defense against mycobacterial infection in humans.
A New Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Enhances Radiation Sensitivity through the Induction of Misfolded Protein Aggregation and Autophagy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2019)

Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the main treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, many patients experience RT failure due to the metastatic potential of RT and the radiation resistance of several cancers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can serve as radiosensitizers. In this study, we investigated whether a novel HDACi, TMU-35435, could reinforce radiosensitivity through the induction of misfolded protein aggregation and autophagy in TNBC. Significantly enhanced toxicity was found for the combination treatment compared with TMU-35435 or irradiation (IR) treatment alone in TNBC cells. The combination treatment induced misfolded protein aggregation and TMU-35435 inhibited the interaction of HDAC6 with dynein. Furthermore, the combined treatment induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress but did not trigger apoptosis. In addition, the combination treatment caused autophagic cell death. Tumor growth in the mouse of model orthotopic breast cancer was suppressed by the combination treatment through the induction of ER stress and autophagy. These findings support the future evaluation of the novel HDACi TMU-35435, as a potent radiosensitizer in TNBC.
Uptake of Ozone in Human Lungs and Its Relationship to Local Physiological Response (2005)

To investigate whether intersubject variations in the dose of inhaled ozone (O(3)) cause corresponding variations in the physiological response, 28 female and 32 male nonsmokers participated in a 1-h continuous inhalation of clean air or 0.25 ppm O(3) while exercising on a cycle ergometer at a constant ventilation rate of 30 L/min. The exposure protocols included continuous monitoring of respiratory flow rate and O(3) concentration from which O(3) uptake (OZU) and fractional uptake efficiency (UE) were computed. Pre-to-post changes in forced expired volume in 1 s (%DeltaFEV(1)), peripheral cross section for carbon dioxide diffusion (%Delta A(P)), and Fowler dead space volume (V(D)) were also measured for each exposure. Individual values of UE ranged from .70 to .98 among all the subjects, with significant differences (p<.05) existing between men and women. These intersubject differences were inversely correlated with breathing frequency and directly correlated with tidal volume. The mean +/- SD values of %Delta FEV(1), %Delta A(P), and %Delta V(D) were all significantly more negative in the O(3) exposure session (-13.31 +/- 13.40, -8.14 +/- 7.62, and -4.20 +/- 5.12, respectively) than in the air exposure session (-0.06 +/- 4.56, 0.22 +/- 10.82, and -0.70 +/- 6.88, respectively). Finally, our results showed that neither %DeltaFEV(1) nor %Delta V(D) was correlated OZU, whereas there was a significant relationship (rho = -0.325, p = .0257) between %Delta A(P) and OZU. We conclude that the overall uptake of O(3) is a weak predictor of intersubject variations in distal airspace response, but is not a predictor of intersubject variations in conducting airway responses.
Network scheduling for data archiving applications in sensor networks (2006)

Since data archiving in sensor networks is a communication intensive application, a careful power management of communication is of critical importance for such networks. An example is FPS, an adaptive power scheduling algorithm that combines slotted scheduling with a CSMA MAC [7]. In this paper, we first propose a new global power scheduling protocol called Multi-Flow Power Scheduling (MPS) that delivers more data and consumes less energy than existing power scheduling protocols. MPS sets up a transmission schedule through standard data aggregation and dissemination operations, however since it creates a global schedule it does not scale to large networks. We then present a new power scheduling protocol called Hybrid Power Scheduling (HPS) that retains the scalability of FPS while maintaining the energy efficiency and high data delivery rate of MPS. In a thorough simulation study, we compare HPS and MPS, and our results show the efficacy of HPS.
In Situ Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Nickel Electrodeposition (2016)

Nickel electrodes prepared through electrodeposition processes have been demonstrated as promising catalysts for urea electrolysis, towards the applications of urea removal from urea-rich wastewater and hydrogen production.[1-5] The urea electrochemical oxidation process in alkaline media can be described as the equations below: CO(NH 2 ) 2(aq) + 6OH − → N 2(g) +5H 2 O (l) +CO 2(g) +6e − (1) 6H 2 O (l) + 6e − →3H 2(g) +6OH − (aq) (2) Reaction (1) and (2) happen at the anode and cathode of the urea electrolyzer respectively.[5] The overall reaction is shown below: CO(NH 2 ) 2(aq) +H 2 O (l) →N 2(g) +3H 2(g) +CO 2(g) (3) However, there is still lack of knowledge on how the nickel catalysts behave during the electrodeposition and urea electrolysis process. Recent development of in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with liquid cell has provided an excellent tool to direct observe material evolution at nanoscale in a liquid environment.[6] With this technique, sample behavior under dynamic operating conditions, such as various electrochemical reactions with the help of incorporated three-electrodes setup, can be imaged in the real time, which could further assist the understanding of the reaction process along with the mechanism behind it. Within this study, the nickel electrodeposition process has been investigated using in-situ liquid-cell TEM. The experiments were carried out with a state-of-the-art flow cell TEM holder equipped of three electrodes system. The nickel particles were electrodeposited on a thin glassy carbon working electrode during the cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans, as shown in Figure 1. The TEM images were recorded using JEM 2100F field emission TEM. This work revealed the formation process of the nickel particles and made it possible to achieve the precise control of electrode synthesis. It also opened a window for understanding other electrodeposition processes and urea electrolysis with nickel based catalysts. Figure 1 shows the TEM image of electrodeposited nickel particles on the platinum working electrode of the in situ TEM cell along with the cyclic voltammgraphs (inserted) to obtain these nickel particles. References [1] B. K. Boggs, R. L. King, G. G. Botte, Chem. Commun. 2009, 32, 4859-4861 [2] A. N. Rollinson, J. Jones, V. Dupont, M. V. Twigg, Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4(4), 1216-1224 [3] D. Wang, W. Yan, S. H. Vijapur, G. G. Botte, J. Power Sources 2012, 217, 498-502 [4] W. Yan, D. Wang, G. G. Botte, Electrochim. Acta 2012, 61, 25-30. [5] D. Wang, G. G. Botte, ECS Electrochem. Lett. 2014, 3(9), H29-H32 [6] H. Liao, K. Niu, H. Zheng, Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 11720-11727 Figure 1 TEM image of nickel particles with inserted CV curves for electrodeposition. Figure 1
Glucose turnover in presence of changing glucose concentrations: error analysis for glucose disappearance (1995)

The present studies were undertaken to determine whether 1) the cold- and hot-GINF techniques used with Steele's model provide equivalent estimates of the rates of glucose appearance (R(a)) and disappearance (R(d)) in the presence of physiological changes in glucose and insulin concentrations, 2) the conditions for the best estimation of R(a) are the same as those for R(d), 3) the magnitude of error (if present) differs in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects, and 4) situations exist in which the knowledge of R(d) allows inferences to be made on whole body glucose uptake. To do so we performed experiments in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic subjects using simultaneous infusions of [6-3H]glucose and [6-14C]glucose; glucose and insulin were infused to mimic normal postprandial glucose and insulin profiles; the infused glucose contained [6-14C]glucose but not [6-3H]glucose. Compared with the hot-GINF method, the traditional cold-GINF method underestimated (P < 0.05) R(a) and R(d) by 10-15% and hepatic glucose release by 25-50% during the 1st h of the study, with the magnitude of error being the same in both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Error analysis demonstrated that errors in R(a) and R(d) have different analytic expressions containing common structural but different volume errors. Both R(a) and R(d) can be accurately measured in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects if glucose specific activity is kept constant and the volume of the accessible pool is used to calculate glucose disappearance. The relationship between R(d) and whole body glucose uptake was also derived. Although R(d) can be determined by relying on measurements in the accessible pool only, the assessment of whole body glucose uptake requires a model of the nonaccessible portion of the glucose system. However, knowledge of R(d) can provide useful insights into the behavior of whole body glucose uptake.
Supplementary table S2 from T Cells Expressing Checkpoint Receptor TIGIT Are Enriched in Follicular Lymphoma Tumors and Characterized by Reversible Suppression of T-cell Receptor Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S2. Expression of TIGIT ligands in B cells and T cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract 4230: Anthocyanins from the fruit of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat exhibits anticancer effects on Hep 3B human hepatocelluar carcinoma cells xenografts in nude mice (2011)

Abstract Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Meoru in Korea) has been used as a folk remedy for inflammatory diseases and cancers. Our previous in vitro study suggested that anthocyanins from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (AIMs) should have anti-cancer activities through suppression of NF-κB. Before in vivo study, we also confirmed with Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells that AIMs suppressed NF-κB-regulated gene products. Here, we investigated their effects on NF-κB-regulated gene products and cellular responses in Hep3B cell-originated tumors in athymic nude mice. Hep3B cells (1 × 106 cells/0.1 mL) were subcutaneously injected into the left flank of twelve athymic (nu/nu) male nude mice, and then the nude mice were randomly divided into two groups with six animals each. The first group of animals received intraperitoneal injection of 100 AL of 1:10 ratio of DMSO and normal saline, whereas animals of the second group received intraperitoneal injection of AIMs (5 μg/g of animal in 100 AL of 1:10 ratio of DMSO and normal saline) daily. The AIMs suppressed the tumor growth compared to control. AIMs suppressed Ki67 expression and intratumoral vessel density on immunohistochemical staining. In addition, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining revealed AIMs suppressed the NF-KB activation and NF-KB-regulated protein levels such as COX-2, XIAP, MMP-9, VEGF and ICAM which are related to cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion and angiogenesis in Hep3B cell-originated tumors in athymic nude mice. However, the expressions of some NF-KB-regulated proteins were not significantly suppressed. Taken together, this study indicates that the AIMs have anti-cancer effects on Hep3B cell xenografts at least in part through the inhibition of NF-κB activation and downstream proteins. This study provides evidence that AIMs might have anticancer effects on human hepatocellular carcinoma. [This study was supported by a grant from the National R&amp;D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry for Health, Welfare &amp; Family Affairs, Republic of Korea. (0820050).] Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4230. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4230
Diverse chemotypes drive biased signaling by cannabinoid receptors (2020)

Abstract Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family, which is the largest class of membrane proteins in the human genome. As part of the endocannabinoid system, they have many regulatory functions in the human body. Their malfunction therefore triggers a diverse set of undesired conditions, such as pain, neuropathy, nephropathy, pruritus, osteoporosis, cachexia and Alzheimer’s disease. Although drugs targeting the system exist, the molecular and functional mechanisms involved are still poorly understood, preventing the development of better therapeutics with fewer undesired effects. One path toward the development of better and safer medicines targeting cannabinoid receptors relies on the ability of some compounds to activate a subset of pathways engaged by the receptor while sparing or even inhibiting the others, a phenomenon known as biased signaling. To take advantage of this phenomenon for drug development, a better profiling of the pathways engaged by the receptors is required. Using a BRET-based signaling detection platform, we systematically analyzed the primary signaling cascades activated by CB1 and CB2 receptors, including 9 G protein and 2 β-arrestin subtypes. Given that biased signaling is driven by ligand-specific distinct active conformations of the receptor, establishing a link between the signaling profiles elicited by different drugs and their chemotypes may help designing compounds that selectively activate beneficial pathways while avoiding those leading to undesired effects. We screened a selection of 35 structurally diverse ligands, including endocannabinoids, phytocannabinoids and synthetic compounds structurally similar or significantly different from natural cannabinoids. Our data show that biased signaling is a prominent feature of the cannabinoid receptor system and that, as predicted, ligands with different chemotypes have distinct signaling profiles. The study therefore allows for better understanding of cannabinoid receptors signaling and provides the information about tool compounds that can now be used to link signaling pathways to biological outcomes, aiding the design of improved therapeutics.
Transient Liquid Crystal Measurement of Local Heat Transfer on a Rotating Disk With Jet Impingement (1989)

All experimental technique has been developed for measurement of local convection heat transfer characteristics on rotating surfaces, utilizing thin liquid crystal surface coatings in a thermal transient test procedure. The encapsulated liquid crystal coatings used are sprayed directly on the test surface and their response is observed and processed during the transient with automated computer vision and data acquisition systems. Heat transfer coefficients are calculated from the thermal transient response of the test surface, as determined from the color indication from the thin coating. A significant advantage of the method, especially for convection in disk/shroud cavities that may contain recirculating fluid regions, is that appropriate thermal boundary conditions are naturally imposed on all of the boundary surfaces. The method is also relatively fast and inexpensive, and allows the geometry of the disk and stator surfaces to be changed easily, without the expenses of mounting discrete heat flux and temperature sensors and equipment to transfer information to a stationary frame of reference. Application of the experimental technique is demonstrated with detailed radially local surface Nusselt number distributions acquired for cases involving jet impingement onto a plane smooth disk, rotating in close proximity to a parallel plane stator disk. A single circular jet, with nozzle exit flush mounted in the stator, is oriented normal to the disk surface at various radii and flowrates. Local Nusselt numbers are presented nondimensionally as functions of both disk and flow Reynolds numbers. The results indicate that the local radial heat transfer distribution can be controlled by varying the impingement radius, but maximum radially averaged heat transfer is obtained with impingement at the disk center.
Vimentin fragments are potential markers of rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. (2016)

We demonstrated that fibroblasts from patients with RA, despite being grown under identical conditions, preserve a particular feature and generate vimentin fragments not present in fibroblasts from OA. Elevated levels of different vimentin fragments have been recently reported in several rheumatic conditions. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms induced by vimentin fragments in RA.
Photothermally Targeted Thermosensitive Polymer-Masked Nanoparticles (2014)

The targeted delivery of therapeutic cargos using noninvasive stimuli has the potential to improve efficacy and reduce off-target effects (toxicity). Here, we demonstrate a targeting mechanism that uses a thermoresponsive copolymer to mask a peptide ligand that binds a widely distributed receptor (integrin β1) on the surface of silica core-gold shell nanoparticles. The nanoparticles convert NIR light into heat, which causes the copolymer to collapse, exposing the ligand peptide, allowing cell binding. The use of NIR light could allow targeting of plasmonic nanoparticles deep within tissues. This approach could be extended to a variety of applications including photothermal therapy and drug delivery.
Recent advances in upm pulse measurement using resistive sensors (2004)

The resistive sensor (RS), whose performance is based on the electron heating effect in semiconductors, has found application in high-power microwave (HPM) measurements. Our previous studies concentrating on the waveguide-type RS have demonstrated their advantages over conventional diodes that are also used to measure HPM pulses M.Dagys et al. (2001). The RS can detect about 60 dB greater power level, are resistant to large power overloads and demonstrate very good long-term stability. They can produce an output signal on the order of a few tens of volts without any amplification circuit and can resolve nanosecond duration HPM pulses. In this paper we present a brief overview of the waveguide-type RS as well as a survey of recent advances in the RS design.
Effect of Co and Dy Contents on High Coercivity Nd-Fe-B HDDR Powders. (2003)

Nd12.6-xDyxFebal.CoyB6.2Zr0.1Ga0.3(x =0.3-1.9, y =5.8-18.3) alloys were processed by improved HDDR process with intermediate argon treatment and desorption under constant H2 pressure to increase remanence and coercivity, respectively. In this study, we investigated effect of Co and Dy contents on the magnetic properties of the HDDR powders. By the improved process, remanence of HDDR powders containing 0.3 at.% Dy and 12 to 16 at.% Co is increased to a maximum of 0.96 T, and coercivity of them containing 0.9 to 1.6 at.% Dy and 5.8 at.% Co is increased to the maximum of 1570 kA/m. Undecomposed (Nd, Dy)2(Fe, Co)14B phase remains in HDDR powders including Dy above the critical content expressed by the line drawn from 0.6 at.% Dy and 18.3 at.% Co to 1.9 at.% Dy and 7.8 at.% Co. The magnetic properties of the bonded magnets with density of 6.2 Mg/m3 made from the Nd12.0Dy0.6Febal.Co5.8B6.2Zr0.1Ga0.3 anisotropic HDDR powder areas follows: Br =0.87 T, HCJ=1530 kA/m and (BH)max =137 kJ/m3. Its temperature coefficient of remanence is -0.11%/°C and of coercivity is -0.43 %/°C.
Hormone therapy affects plasma measures of factor VII-activating protease in younger postmenopausal women (2010)

HT increases the plasma measures of FSAP. This increase may contribute to the protective effect on CHD induced by HT in younger postmenopausal women.
A Novel Viewport-Adaptive Motion Compensation Technique for Fisheye Video (2021)

Although fisheye cameras are in high demand in many application areas due to their large field of view, many image and video signal processing tasks such as motion compensation suffer from the introduced strong radial distortions. A recently proposed projection-based approach takes the fisheye projection into account to improve fisheye motion compensation. However, the approach does not consider the large field of view of fisheye lenses that requires the consideration of different motion planes in 3D space. We propose a novel viewport-adaptive motion compensation technique that applies the motion vectors in different perspective viewports in order to realize these motion planes. Thereby, some pixels are mapped to so-called virtual image planes and require special treatment to obtain reliable mappings between the perspective viewports and the original fisheye image. While the state-of-the-art ultra wide-angle compensation is sufficiently accurate, we propose a virtual image plane compensation that leads to perfect mappings. All in all, we achieve average gains of +2.40 dB in terms of PSNR compared to the state of the art in fisheye motion compensation.
Anterior transvertebral interbody cage with posterior transdiscal pedicle screw instrumentation for high-grade spondylolisthesis (2006)

Adult high-grade degenerative spondylolisthesis represents the extreme end of the spectrum for spondylolisthesis and is consequently rarely encountered. Surgical management of high-grade spondylolisthesis requires constructs capable of resisting the shear forces at the slipped L5-S1 interspace. The severity of the slip, sacral inclination, and slip angle may make conventional approaches to 360 degrees fusion difficult or hazardous. Transdiscal pedicle screw fixation, transvertebral fibular graft fusion, and transvertebral cage fixation are techniques that have been developed to establish anterior column load sharing and to resist shear forces at the L5-S1 interspace, given the anatomical constraints accompanying high-grade spondylolisthesis. In this technical note the authors describe the procedure for implanting an in situ anterior L5-S1 transvertebral cage and performing L4-5 anterior lumbar interbody fusion, followed by placement of posterior S1-L5 vertebral body transdiscal pedicle screws for management of high-grade spondylolisthesis.