gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Viral Degradation of Cellular Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 2 (2022)

Virus infection of eukaryotes triggers cellular innate immune response, a major arm of which is the type I interferon (IFN) family of cytokines. Binding of IFN to cell surface receptors triggers a signaling cascade in which the signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) plays a key role, ultimately leading to an antiviral state of the cell. In retaliation, many viruses counteract the immune response, often by the destruction and/or inactivation of STAT2, promoted by specific viral proteins that do not possess protease activities of their own. This review offers a summary of viral mechanisms of STAT2 subversion with emphasis on degradation. Some viruses also destroy STAT1, another major member of the STAT family, but most viruses are selective in targeting either STAT2 or STAT1. Interestingly, degradation of STAT2 by a few viruses requires the presence of both STAT proteins. Available evidence suggests a mechanism in which multiple sites and domains of STAT2 are required for engagement and degradation by a multi-subunit degradative complex, comprising viral and cellular proteins, including the ubiquitin-proteasomal system. However, the exact molecular nature of this complex and the alternative degradation mechanisms remain largely unknown, as critically presented here with prospective directions of future study.
Digital Watermarking Method to Extract Watermarks from Printed Matters with Cell Phone by Using Finder Patterns and Alignment Pattern of QR Code (2013)

There are some watermarking methods to be ableto extract a watermark even from a printed watermarked image with cell phones. In such a use, the speed of extracting watermark should be fast for users' convenience, where QR codes are used for the similar purpose. However, QR codes require its own space in addition to contents and its appearance of QR codes is unattractive. On the other hand, digital watermarking requires no additional space, and its appearance is visually attractive. Nakamura's method used a black frame for identifying a watermarked area. The problem of Nakamura's method is a large constraint on original images and inconvenient extraction way. Therefore, we employ the finder pattern and the alignment pattern of QR codes for position detection. The advantage of the proposed method is a small constraint on design and convenient way of real time extraction. In the experiment, we implement the proposed method as an Android application and evaluate its performance including its real extraction time on a cell phone. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method can extract a correct watermark in 2 seconds, where it is enough fast in practice.
Effect of Felbamate on Phenytoin and Carbamazepine Serum Concentrations (1989)

Felbamate (FBM) is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) undergoing clinical trials in the United States. During a double-blind, cross-over clinical trial, patients received concomitant phenytoin (PHT) and carbamazepine (CBZ). Dosages of PHT and CBZ were adjusted to maintain serum concentrations +/- 20 and +/- 25% of baseline values. All patients required a PHT dosage decrease of 10-30% during active FBM treatment to maintain stable concentrations. CBZ serum concentrations decreased significantly in patients receiving active FBM. The mean decrease was 1.3 micrograms/ml and occurred in 30 of 32 patients. Therefore, FBM apparently causes a bidirectional effect on the serum concentrations of PHT and CBZ when all three drugs are taken concomitantly.
Ubiquitin C-Terminal Hydrolase-Activity Is Involved in Sperm Acrosomal Function and Anti-Polyspermy Defense During Porcine Fertilization1 (2007)

The 26S proteasome, which is a multi-subunit protease with specificity for substrate proteins that are postranslationally modified by ubiquitination, has been implicated in acrosomal function and sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) penetration during mammalian fertilization. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCHs) are responsible for the removal of polyubiquitin chains during substrate priming for proteasomal proteolysis. The inhibition of deubiquitination increases the rate of proteasomal proteolysis. Consequently, we have hypothesized that inhibition of sperm acrosome-borne UCHs increases the rate of sperm-ZP penetration and polyspermy during porcine in vitro fertilization (IVF). Ubiquitin aldehyde (UA), which is a specific nonpermeating UCH inhibitor, significantly (P < 0.05) increased polyspermy during porcine IVF and reduced (P < 0.05) UCH enzymatic activity measured in motile boar spermatozoa using a specific fluorometric UCH substrate, ubiquitin-AMC. Antibodies against two closely related UCHs, UCHL1 and UCHL3, detected these UCHs in the oocyte cortex and on the sperm acrosome, respectively, and increased the rate of polyspermy during IVF, consistent with the UA-induced polyspermy surge. In the oocyte, UCHL3 was primarily associated with the meiotic spindle. Sperm-borne UCHL3 was localized to the acrosomal surface and coimmunoprecipitated with a peripheral acrosomal membrane protein, spermadhesin AQN1. Recombinant UCHs, UCHL3, and isopeptidase T reduced polyspermy when added to the fertilization medium. UCHL1 was detected in the oocyte cortex but not on the sperm surface, and was partially degraded 6-8 h after fertilization. Enucleated oocyte-somatic cell electrofusion caused polarized redistribution of cortical UCHL1. We conclude that sperm-acrosomal UCHs are involved in sperm-ZP interactions and antipolyspermy defense. Modulation of UCH activity could facilitate the management of polyspermy during IVF and provide insights into male infertility.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Functionalized Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (2001)

Sonochemical decomposition of Fe(CO)5 was carried out in the presence of different surfactants. The reactions give stable colloids of undecenoate, dodecyl sulfonate, and octyl phosphonate coated Fe...
Prevalence of penetrating disease and extraintestinal manifestations of Crohnʼs disease detected with CT enterography (2008)

CT enterography is a valuable diagnostic modality for detecting both penetrating disease and extraintestinal IBD manifestations. These data add to a growing body of evidence that supports the use of CTE in CD diagnostic and management algorithms.
A Novel Resorbable Composite Material Containing Poly(ester-co-urethane) and Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Spherulites for Bone Augmentation—Development and Preclinical Pilot Trials (2020)

Polyurethanes have the potential to impart cell-relevant properties like excellent biocompatibility, high and interconnecting porosity and controlled degradability into biomaterials in a relatively simple way. In this context, a biodegradable composite material made of an isocyanate-terminated co-oligoester prepolymer and precipitated calcium carbonated spherulites (up to 60% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) was synthesized and investigated with regard to an application as bone substitute in dental and orthodontic application. After foaming the composite material, a predominantly interconnecting porous structure is obtained, which can be easily machined. The compressive strength of the foamed composites increases with raising calcium carbonate content and decreasing calcium carbonate particle size. When stored in an aqueous medium, there is a decrease in pressure stability of the composite, but this decrease is smaller the higher the proportion of the calcium carbonate component is. In vitro cytocompatibility studies of the foamed composites on MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts revealed an excellent cytocompatibility. The in vitro degradation behaviour of foamed composite is characterised by a continuous loss of mass, which is slower with higher calcium carbonate contents. In a first pre-clinical pilot trial the foamed composite bone substitute material (fcm) was successfully evaluated in a model of vertical augmentation in an established animal model on the calvaria and on the lateral mandible of pigs.
Two closely related polymorphs (Z′=1/2 and Z′=10) that seem to coexist (2002)

The radiation damage that results from high brilliance synchrotron beam lines severely limits the quality and quantity of information that can be measured from a single crystal. For small, marginally diffracting crystals the main issue is to find the minimal amount of experimental information that allows phasing, and also to use appropriate phase improvement methods to produce interpretable results. The synergism amongst experimental protocol, phasing methods, and scaling show the need to re-develop all of these methods simultaneously. Improvement of any one step generates an improvement in the final result, but due to the nonlinear nature of the problem the impact of improving all the steps together is larger than the sum of individual improvements.
Liquid Crystals: Autonomous, Hands‐Free Shape Memory in Glassy, Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks (Adv. Mater. 21/2012) (2012)

Repeatedly forming temporary shapes limits the employment of shape-memory polymers. T. J. White and co-workers use glassy, liquid crystal polymer networks to spontaneously form 3D shapes that are independent of an agent. On page 2839 they show how these shapes can be autonomously fixed with rapid temperature cycling. In the image, a spiral ribbon shape has been imaged after dipping into a chemilumines-cent solvent for increased contrast.
Improvement of supported catalysts for syndiotactic polymerization of styrene (1999)

The catalytic system Ti(OBu)4 in combination with methylaluminoxane (MAO) was tested for the syndiospecific polymerization of styrene. A comparison was established between this homogeneous catalytic system and the same one supported on silica or alumina. An attempt was made to introduce a “tether” between the support and the active species to enhance both productivity and syndiospecificity. These tethers consisted of diols with different lengths. At last, the catalytic system Zr(OBu)4 was supported on silica or alumina with MAO as a cocatalyst and was tested under the same conditions as other catalysts. This study reveals that Ti(OBu)4 supported on silica enhances the productivity and leads to higher molecular weights, while the addition of a diol does not result in any enhancement compared to the silica-supported catalyst. On the contrary, alumina alone does not seem to be a good support for Ti(OBu)4, while introducing a short diol such as ethylene glycol leads to a great enhancement of both productivity and syndiospecificity. As reported in the literature, Zr(OBu)4 always leads to much lower productivities than Ti(OBu)4.
Fault Current Limiters (2011)

The electric grid inevitably experiences extreme natural events and faults. The higher resistance of high temperature superconductors (HTS) automatically limits the fault currents when they experience currents higher than normal circuit currents. Thus a superconducting fault current limiter (S-FCL) is a self-triggering, fail-safe device as long as the superconductor portion is capable of handling the fault currents and returning to the superconducting state. Typically, in an electric grid application, an FCL is required to reduce the unlimited fault current to a lower limited value that can be handled by existing circuit breakers and other ancillary equipment. All HTS fault current limiters have their challenges when integrated in an electric grid. If FCLs are applied in remote locations, then their cooling system should have sufficient overhead in built redundancy to keep the FCL functioning with a failed cooling system while waiting for a repair crew. Controlled Vocabulary Terms cooling; high-temperature superconductors; power grids; superconducting fault current limiters
Isoflavone and triterpenoid isolated from an endemic plant Genista microcephala Coss et Dur (Isoflavona y triterpenoide aislados de una planta endémica Genista microcephala Coss et Dur) (2015)

Resumen Context: Genista microcephala Coss et Dur is a plant that grows in northern of Algeria. The Genista species show interesting biological properties. Aims: To study phytochemically of the aerial parts of G. microcephala and search new compounds with pharmacological interest. Methods: Aerial parts of G. microcephala were extracted using chloroform. The extract was purified by several chromatography processes. Isolated compounds were analyzed by the usual spectroscopic methods and 2D NMR technics. Results: From the chloroformic extract of the air parts of Genista microcephala (Leguminosae) two known components were obtained. The structures of these compounds were oleanolic acid (1), alpinum isoflavone (2) elucidated by the usual spectroscopic methods and 2D NMR technics and by comparison with literature data. Conclusions: Two known components were obtained from the chloroformic extract of the air parts of Genista microcephala but they have not previously been reported from this species. Contexto: Genista microcephala Coss et Dur. es una planta que crece en el norte de Argelia. Las especies de Genista muestran propiedades biologicas interesantes.
Long‐Term Generation of Longitudinal Spin Order Controlled by Ammonia Ligation Enables Rapid SABRE Hyperpolarized 2D NMR (2021)

Symmetry breaking of parahydrogen using iridium catalysts converts singlet spin order into observable hyperpolarization. In this contribution, iridium catalysts are designed to exhibit asymmetry in their hydrides, regulated by in situ generation of deuterated ammonia governed by ammonium buffers. The concentrations of ammonia (N) and pyridine (P) provide a handle to generate a variety of stereo-chemically asymmetric N-heterocyclic carbene iridium complexes, ligating either [3xP], [2xP;N], [P;2xN] or [3xN] in an octahedral SABRE type configuration. The non-equivalent hydride positions, in correspondence with the ammonium buffer solutions, enables to extend singlet-triplet or <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced><mml:mi>S</mml:mi></mml:mfenced><mml:mrow><mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mfenced><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mfenced><mml:mo>⟩</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math> mixing at high magnetic field and experimentally induce prolonged generation of non-equilibrium longitudinal two-spin order. This long-lasting magnetization can be exploited in hyperpolarized 2D-OPSY-COSY experiments providing direct structural information on the catalyst using a single contact with parahydrogen. Separately, field cycling revealed hyperpolarization properties in low-field conditions. Controlling catalyst stereochemistry by introducing small and deuterated ligands, such as deuterated ammonia, simplifies the spin-system. This is shown to unify experimental and theoretically derived field-sweep experiments for four-spin systems.
Effect of Aging on the Mechanical Properties of UV Curable Optical Fiber Coatings (2000)

Abstract A dual-layer urethane acrylate UV-cured coating is widely used to protect optical fibers because of its well-balanced mechanical properties, weathering resistance and rapid curing. The long-term mechanical behavior of fiber coatings is important for the reliability of optical fibers. Long-term exposure of UV-cured polyether urethane acrylate films was carried out in dry air and in water at elevated temperatures. Tensile testing was performed to reveal changes in mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical analysis to determine both the glass transition temperature and the crosslink density. The equilibrium swelling allowed assessment of the crosslink density. Tensile testing and strip force measurements were performed on virgin and aged optical fibers. Initially the fracture strengths of the secondary coatings increased under all aging conditions indicating post-curing reactions and the possible loss of uncrosslinked species. Aging under wet conditions led at a later stage to hydrolytic degradation of the network and to a decrease in the fracture stress. The equilibrium swelling and equilibrium modulus measurements showed good correlation with the changes in strength. The primary coatings showed a decrease in mechanical strength after only 2–4 weeks under all conditions.
Novel Antiparasitic Activity of the Antifungal Lead Occidiofungin (2020)

Novel antiparasitic activity was observed for the antifungal occidiofungin. It efficaciously and irreversibly inhibited the zoonotic enteric parasite <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i><i>in vitro</i> with limited cytotoxicity (50% effective concentration [EC<sub>50</sub>] = 120 nM versus 50% cytotoxic concentration [TC<sub>50</sub>] = 988 nM), and its application disrupted the parasite morphology. This study expands the spectrum of activity of a glycolipopeptide named occidiofungin. Occidiofungin has poor gastrointestinal tract absorption properties, supporting future investigations into its potential activities on other enteric parasites.
Phase-resolved detection of the spin Hall angle by optical ferromagnetic resonance in perpendicularly magnetized thin films (2017)

The conversion of charge current to spin current by the spin Hall effect is of considerable current interest from both fundamental and technological perspectives. Measurement of the spin Hall angle, especially for atomically thin systems with large magnetic anisotropies, is not straightforward. Here we demonstrate a hybrid phase-resolved optical-electrical ferromagnetic resonance method that we show can robustly determine the spin Hall angle in heavy-metal/ferromagnet bilayer systems with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We present an analytical model of the ferromagnetic resonance spectrum in the presence of the spin Hall effect, in which the spin Hall angle can be directly determined from the changes in the amplitude response as a function of the spin current that is generated from a dc charge current passing through the heavy-metal layer. Increased sensitivity to the spin current is achieved by operation under conditions for which the magnetic potential is shallowest at the ``Smit point.'' Study of the phase response reveals that the spin Hall angle can be reliably extracted from a simplified measurement that does not require scanning over time or magnetic field but rather only on the dc current. The method is applied to the Pt-Co/Ni/Co system whose spin Hall angle was to date characterized only indirectly and that is especially relevant for spin-orbit torque devices.
Coherence-based spectro-spatial fillters for stimulus features prediction from electrocorticographic recordings (2018)

Abstract The traditional approach in neuroscience relies on encoding models where brain responses to different stimuli are related to the latter to establish reproducible dependencies. To reduce neuronal and experimental noise, brain signals are usually averaged across trials to detect reliable and coherent brain activity. However, neural representations of stimulus features can be spread over time, frequency, and space, motivating the use of alternative methods that relate stimulus features to brain responses. We propose a Coherence-based spectro-spatial filter method that reconstructs stimulus features from intracortical brain signals. The proposed method models trials of an experiment as realizations of a random process and extracts patterns that are common across brain signals and the presented stimuli. These patterns, originating from different recording sites, are then combined (spatial filtering) to form a final prediction. Our results from three different cognitive tasks (motor movements, speech perception and speech production), concur to show that the proposed method significantly improves the ability to predict stimulus features over traditional methods such as multilinear regression with distributed lags and artificial neural networks. Furthermore, analyses of the model parameters show anatomical discriminability for execution of different motor movements. This anatomical discriminability is also observed in the perception and production of different words. These features could be exploited in the design of neuroprosthesis, as well as for exploring normal brain functioning.
High sensitivity thin film Pyro electric IR sensor (2001)

We have developed a new thin film pyroelectric IR sensor with micro cavity structure, which consists of infra-red absorption layer using carbon-modified resin membrane on the infra-red detecting azea. And we were able to find the best sensor design rule or thermal conductance: G for micro cavity size, and Pt electrode width and thickness. The developing sensor has realized a high-performance of sensing characteristic that responsivity: Rv, and detectivity: D* were 2400V/W, and 6.6×107cm√Hz/W at 20Hz, respectively.In the future, the developing sensor is expected the wide applications for high accurate human detection and non-contact temperature detection.
Towards a formal process-driven framework for streamlining patient-centric care (2012)

Abstract. Rapidly growing patient interest in enhanced engagement in care processes has motivated health organizations to provide patient-centric care delivery both in clinical and homecare settings. With the goal of giving each patient a more proactive role in their care, we motivate and propose a formal process-driven framework for streamlining patient-centric care and improving patient-provider communication. It will lead to patients having better access to health services and taking more responsibility in their health management. At the same time the burden on healthcare professionals is reduced, while enabling greater efficiency, improved safety and higher quality.
How to Buy Pest Control Services (2013)

Pest control, like any kind of business, is a joint venture between the company and the customer. As with many businesses, customers may have difficulty judging whether they have received the most skilled efforts for their money. This 4-page fact sheet should help customers objectively look at the service they are buying to determine its merit. Written by P. G. Koehler and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, July 2013. This fact sheet updates a chapter of SP134: Pests in and around the Florida Home, which is available from the IFAS Extension Bookstore.&#x0D; http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg237