gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2561: Fully human immunoglobulin heavy chain only-derived CD33 CAR for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (2018)

Abstract CD33 antigen is a promising target expressed on non-solid cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Present investigative approaches to treatment of CD33-positive AML include antibody drug conjugates (My96, Mylotarg®) and CART cells incorporating CD33-targeting domains derived from a humanized scFv. Here, we designed a chimeric antigen receptor utilizing targeting domain derived from a fully human CD33 fragment variable heavy chain sequence, termed CAR33VH, and examined its in vitro and in vivo potency against AML. Primary human CD4+ CD8+ T cells derived from three healthy donors were transduced with lentiviral constructs (LV) encoding CAR33VH, or control CAR construct based on scFv My96 (My96CAR). Flow cytometric analysis revealed expression of CAR33VH at 32%-45%, and expression of My96CAR at 77% - 86%. When challenged with CD33+ AML tumor lines HL60 and MOLM-14 in vitro, both constructs demonstrated efficient target killing. CD33- tumor lines K562 and Reh were not sensitive to CAR killing, underscoring CAR specificity to CD33 antigen. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN gamma, TNF alpha and IL-2 in culture supernatants of CART cells incubated with CD33+ HL-60 and MOLM-14 tumors, but not with CD33- K562 cells overnight, were induced, as measured by ELISA. Long-term co-incubation assay of CART cells with HL-60 leukemia at E:T ratios 1:5 to 1: 0.04, suggested similar killing potency and persistence of CAR33VH to the positive control scFv-based CAR. In in vivo AML model, NSG mice engrafted with MOLM-14 cells stably expressing firefly luciferase, both CAR33VH, and My96CAR control were equally efficient in tumor elimination. In conclusion, CAR33VH, comprised of a fully human heavy-chain variable fragment only antigen binding domain, was efficient in tumor killing in vitro and in vivo, and may be used clinically for treatment of CD33+ hematologic malignancies. To our knowledge, this is one of the first instances demonstrating the feasibility of employing heavy chain only binder sequence in CART design. Citation Format: Dina Schneider, Ying Xiong, Weizao Chen, Zhongyu Zhu, Darong Wu, Jennifer Hwang, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Boro Dropulic, Rimas J. Orentas. Fully human immunoglobulin heavy chain only-derived CD33 CAR for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2561.
Equipping community pharmacy workers as agents for health behaviour change: developing and testing a theory-based smoking cessation intervention (2017)

UKCRN ID 18446, Pilot.
Vascular Optical Coherence Elastography: Assessment of Conventional Velocimetry Applied to OCT (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Chau, R. Chan, M. Kaazempur-Mofrad, N. Iftimia, M. Shishkov, G. Tearney, and B. Bouma, "Vascular Optical Coherence Elastography: Assessment of Conventional Velocimetry Applied to OCT," in Biomedical Topical Meeting, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper FH47. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
High temperature reinforced cellulose insulation for use in electrical applications (2002)

Electrical grade kraft paper insulation is widely used in oil-filled electrical equipment because of its good insulating properties and economy. Its primary disadvantage is that the cellulose polymer is susceptible to hydrolysis when exposed to high operating temperatures. Thermally upgraded kraft was introduced during the late 1950s, which retarded the hydrolysis process and raised the standard continuous hot spot operating temperature of a transformer from 95/spl deg/C to 110/spl deg/C. Additional thermal benefits have been introduced by reinforcing the cellulose matrix with high temperature synthetic fibers. Preliminary testing indicates that the addition of high temperature fibers would allow raising the hot spot temperature of a transformer from 110/spl deg/C to at least 120/spl deg/C. The high temperature fibers form a web-like backbone that gives the paper mechanical integrity even after the cellulose component has weakened. This paper presents test results that demonstrate the superior thermal endurance of one such high temperature reinforced cellulose insulation compared with commercially available electrical kraft.
Acute morphine blocks spinal respiratory motor plasticity via long‐latency mechanisms that require toll‐like receptor 4 signalling (2021)

Opioid-induced respiratory dysfunction is a significant public health burden. While respiratory effects are mediated via mu opioid receptors, long-latency off-target opioid signalling through innate immune toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may modulate essential elements of breathing control, particularly respiratory motor plasticity. Plasticity in respiratory motor circuits contributes to the preservation of breathing in the face of destabilizing influences. For example, respiratory long-term facilitation (LTF), a well-studied model of respiratory motor plasticity triggered by acute intermittent hypoxia, promotes breathing stability by increasing respiratory motor drive to breathing muscles. Some forms of respiratory LTF are exquisitely sensitive to inflammation and are abolished by even a mild inflammation triggered by TLR4 activation (e.g. via systemic lipopolysaccharides). Since opioids induce inflammation and TLR4 activation, we hypothesized that opioids would abolish LTF through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. In adult Sprague Dawley rats, pre-treatment with a single systemic injection of the prototypical opioid agonist morphine blocks LTF expression several hours later in the phrenic motor system - the motor pool driving diaphragm muscle contractions. Morphine blocked phrenic LTF via TLR4-dependent mechanisms because pre-treatment with (+)-naloxone - the opioid inactive stereoisomer and novel small molecule TLR4 inhibitor - prevented impairment of phrenic LTF in morphine-treated rats. Morphine triggered TLR4-dependent activation of microglial p38 MAPK within the phrenic motor system - a key enzyme that orchestrates inflammatory signalling and undermines phrenic LTF. Morphine-induced LTF loss may destabilize breathing, potentially contributing to respiratory side effects. We suggest minimizing TLR-4 signalling may improve breathing stability during opioid therapy by restoring endogenous mechanisms of plasticity within respiratory motor circuits.
Meeting Report: The Role of the Mobilome in Cancer (2016)

Approximately half of the human genome consists of repetitive sequence attributed to the activities of mobile DNAs, including DNA transposons, RNA transposons, and endogenous retroviruses. Of these, only long interspersed elements (LINE-1 or L1) and sequences copied by LINE-1 remain mobile in our species today. Although cells restrict L1 activity by both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms, L1 derepression occurs in developmental and pathologic contexts, including many types of cancers. However, we have limited knowledge of the extent and consequences of L1 expression in premalignancies and cancer. Participants in this NIH strategic workshop considered key questions to enhance our understanding of mechanisms and roles the mobilome may play in cancer biology. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4316-9. ©2016 AACR.
Scintillation properties of composite ceramic YAG and its capability on pulse shape descrimination (2014)

Transparent ceramic composite of non-doped and Ce-doped YAG was prepared by Konoshima Chemical with the vacuum sintering technique and investigated on pulse shape discrimination capability for functional collimator. Scintillation responses such as X-ray induced radioluminescence and decay time profiles of non-doped and Ce-doped YAG were evaluated. Pulse shape discrimination capability of the composite ceramic was evaluated by 137Cs 662 keV γ-ray irradiation. As a result, clear separation of γ-ray events at non-doped or Ce-doped YAG layers was observed in two dimensional histogram by using signal processing with two different shaping times.
Inhibition of NF‐κB and metastasis in irinotecan (CPT‐11)‐resistant LoVo colon cancer cells by thymoquinone via JNK and p38 (2016)

Clinically used chemotherapeutics can effectively eliminate most tumor cells. However, they cause unwanted side effects and result in chemoresistance. To overcome such problems, phytochemicals are now used to treat cancers by means of targeted therapy. Thymoquinone (TQ) is used to treat different cancers (including colon cancer) and is an NF-κB inhibitor. Irinotecan resistant (CPT-11-R) LoVo colon cancer cell line was previous constructed by step-wise CPT-11 challenges to un-treated parental LoVo cells and expresses EGFR/IKKα/β/NF-κB pathway. TQ resulted in reduced total and phosphorylation of IKKα/β and NF-κB and decreased metastasis in CPT-11-R cells. TQ not only reduced activity of ERK1/2 and PI3K but also activated JNK and p38. Furthermore, TQ was also found to suppress metastasis through activation of JNK and p38. Therefore, TQ suppressed metastasis through NF-κB inhibition and activation of JNK and p38 in CPT-11-R LoVo colon cancer cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 669-678, 2017.
The Binding of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Receptor to Deoxyribonucleic Acid (1972)

Abstract The binding of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) receptor (CRP) to DNA has been measured by a membrane filter assay and sucrose density gradient analysis. CRP binds to λpgal, λh80dlac ps, calf thymus, salmon sperm, and chicken blood DNA. CRP also binds to denatured chicken blood DNA and the separated strands of λpgal and λplac DNA. The binding of CRP to these DNA species is cyclic AMP-dependent and is inhibited by cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. At least 30 molecules of CRP bind to 1 molecule of λpgal DNA as measured by the sucrose density gradient technique. There is no binding of CRP to Escherichia coli RNA polymerase as measured by sucrose density gradient analysis. Although CRP binds to DNA species containing no known CRP-cyclic AMP sensitive promoters, the cyclic AMP dependency of the binding suggests that DNA binding of CRP may be important in stimulation of transcription by CRP-cyclic AMP.
Surface microstructure formation by ps- and fs-laser ablation of an elastomer composite (2000)

We investigated the laser ablation of an elastomer composite with picosecond- (ps-) and femtosecond- (fs-) pulsed UV lasers (ps-laser: λ = 263 nm, τ = 8 ps; fs-laser: λ = 248 nm, τ = 500 fs). Upon laser irradiation, a unique microstructure on the surface of the elastomer composite (acrylate polymer) containing carbon black (particle size: 18–30 nm) was observed. The laser-ablated surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation mechanism is discussed in terms of thermal effects induced by the different pulse durations of the lasers.
BLIND SEPARATION OF REFLECTIONS USING SPARSE ICA (2003)

We address the problem of Blind Source Separation (BSS) of superimposed images and, in particular, consider the recovery of a scene recorded through a semirefective medium (e.g. glass windshield) from its mixture with a virtual reflected image. We extend the Sparse ICA (SPICA) approach to BSS and apply it to the separation of the desired image from the superimposed images, without having any a priory knowledge about its structure and/or statistics. Advances in the SPICA approach are discussed. Simulations and experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, and of its specific implementation in a simple algorithm of a low computational cost. The approach and the algorithm are generic in that they can be adapted and applied to a wide range of BSS problems involving one-dimensional signals or images.
Trimodal Waveguide Demonstration and Its Implementation as a High Order Mode Interferometer for Sensing Application (2019)

This work implements and demonstrates an interferometric transducer based on a trimodal optical waveguide concept. The readout signal is generated from the interference between the fundamental and second-order modes propagating on a straight polymer waveguide. Intuitively, the higher the mode order, the larger the fraction of power (evanescent field) propagating outside the waveguide core, hence the higher the sensitivity that can be achieved when interfering against the strongly confined fundamental mode. The device is fabricated using the polymer SU-8 over a SiO<sub>2</sub> substrate and shows a free spectral range of 20.2 nm and signal visibility of 5.7 dB, reaching a sensitivity to temperature variations of 0.0586 dB/ ∘ C. The results indicate that the proposed interferometer is a promising candidate for highly sensitive, compact and low-cost photonic transducer for implementation in different types of sensing applications, among these, point-of-care.
Activation of latent protease function of pro‐hk2, but not pro‐PSA, involves autoprocessing (2001)

HK2 can hydrolyze the pro-hK2 substrate suggesting that maturation of pro-hK2 to enzymatically active hK2 involves autoprocessing. As expected, PSA, a chymotrypsin-like protease, was unable to hydrolyze either of the propeptide substrates. Therefore, it is unlikely that PSA can auto-process its own enzymatic function. HK2 has trypsin-like specificity but was unable to hydrolyze the pro-PSA substrate. These results raise the possibility that an additional processing protease may be required to fully process PSA to an enzymatically active form.
Human placental-derived stem cell therapy ameliorates experimental necrotizing enterocolitis (2021)

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a life-threatening intestinal disease, is becoming a larger proportionate cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. To date, therapeutic options remain elusive. Based on recent cell therapy studies, we investigated the effect of a human placental-derived stem cell (hPSC) therapy on intestinal damage in an experimental NEC rat pup model. NEC was induced in newborn Sprague-Dawley rat pups for 4 days via formula feeding, hypoxia, and LPS. NEC pups received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of either saline or hPSC (NEC-hPSC) at 32 and 56 h into NEC induction. At 4 days, intestinal macroscopic and histological damage, epithelial cell composition, and inflammatory marker expression of the ileum were assessed. Breastfed (BF) littermates were used as controls. NEC pups developed significant bowel dilation and fragility in the ileum. Further, NEC induced loss of normal villi-crypt morphology, disruption of epithelial proliferation and apoptosis, and loss of critical progenitor/stem cell and Paneth cell populations in the crypt. hPSC treatment improved macroscopic intestinal health with reduced ileal dilation and fragility. Histologically, hPSC administration had a significant reparative effect on the villi-crypt morphology and epithelium. In addition to a trend of decreased inflammatory marker expression, hPSC-NEC pups had increased epithelial proliferation and decreased apoptosis when compared with NEC littermates. Further, the intestinal stem cell and crypt niche that include Paneth cells, SOX9<sup>+</sup> cells, and LGR5<sup>+</sup> stem cells were restored with hPSC therapy. Together, these data demonstrate hPSC can promote epithelial healing of NEC intestinal damage.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> These studies demonstrate a human placental-derived stem cell (hPSC) therapeutic strategy for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In an experimental model of NEC, hPSC administration improved macroscopic intestinal health, ameliorated epithelial morphology, and supported the intestinal stem cell niche. Our data suggest that hPSC are a potential therapeutic approach to attenuate established intestinal NEC damage. Further, we show hPSC are a novel research tool that can be utilized to elucidate critical neonatal repair mechanisms to overcome NEC.
A NEW ANTIBIOTIC, MACROMOMYCIN, EXHIBITING ANTITUMOR AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY (1968)

A macromolecular peptide was isolated from a culture filtrate of Streptomyces macromomyceticus n. sp. which is described in this paper. Macromomycin was isolated as a white powder by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, followed by dialysis, Dowex 1X2 column chromatography and Sephadex chromatography. It is a peptide with Sw20 value of 1.27 and a molecular weight of about 15, 000. It inhibits sarcoma 180 and mouse leukemia L-1210. It inhibits S. aureus, M. flavus, S. lutea, B. subtilis, and B. anthracis.
Improving the Efficiency of Gradient Descent Algorithms Applied to Optimization Problems with Dynamical Constraints (2022)

We introduce two block coordinate descent algorithms for solving optimization problems with ordinary differential equations (ODEs) as dynamical constraints. The algorithms do not need to implement direct or adjoint sensitivity analysis methods to evaluate loss function gradients. They results from reformulation of the original problem as an equivalent optimization problem with equality constraints. The algorithms naturally follow from steps aimed at recovering the gradient-decent algorithm based on ODE solvers that explicitly account for sensitivity of the ODE solution. In our first proposed algorithm we avoid explicitly solving the ODE by integrating the ODE solver as a sequence of implicit constraints. In our second algorithm, we use an ODE solver to reset the ODE solution, but no direct are adjoint sensitivity analysis methods are used. Both algorithm accepts mini-batch implementations and show significant efficiency benefits from GPU-based parallelization. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithms when applied to learning the parameters of the Cucker-Smale model. The algorithms are compared with gradient descent algorithms based on ODE solvers endowed with sensitivity analysis capabilities, for various number of state size, using Pytorch and Jax implementations. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are at least 4x faster than the Pytorch implementations, and at least 16x faster than Jax implementations. For large versions of the Cucker-Smale model, the Jax implementation is thousands of times faster than the sensitivity analysis-based implementation. In addition, our algorithms generate more accurate results both on training and test data. Such gains in computational efficiency is paramount for algorithms that implement real time parameter estimations, such as diagnosis algorithms.
Reduction Kinetics of Graphene Oxide Determined by Electrical Transport Measurements and Temperature Programmed Desorption (2009)

The thermal stability and reduction kinetics of graphene oxide were studied by measuring the electrical resistivity of single-layer graphene films at various stages of reduction in high vacuum and by performing temperature programmed desorption (TPD) measurements of multilayer films in ultrahigh vacuum. The graphene oxide was exfoliated from the graphite oxide source material by slow-stirring in aqueous solution, which produces single-layer platelets with an average lateral size of ∼10 μm. From the TPD measurements, it was determined that the primary desorption products of the graphene oxide films for temperatures up to 300 °C are H2O, CO2, and CO, with only trace amounts of O2 being detected. Resistivity measurements on individual single-layer graphene oxide platelets resulted in an activation energy of 37 ± 1 kcal/mol. The TPD measurements of multilayer films of graphene oxide platelets give an activation energy of 32 ± 4 kcal/mol.
High level expression of apoptosis inhibitor in hepatoma cell line expressing Hepatitis B virus (2005)

The serious result of hepatitis B (HBV) virus infection is development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the reason of development of HCC in HBV infected patients is still unclear. Recently, the suppression of cell apoptosis is found to relate with the development of cell carcinogenesis, therefore, the expression of apoptosis inhibitor in the virus related cancer line such as hepatoma cell line HepG2.215 was investigated. There are at least six Human apoptosis inhibitors (IAP) have been identified now. They are cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, NAPI, survivin and pIAP. Using gene-assay technology, we have recently compared the expression of IAPs in the HepG2.215 cells that persistently expresses Hepatitis B virus by integrated HBV genome with its parent cell line HepG2. The results suggest that there was obviously increase of cIAP2 and cIAP1 in the HepG2.215 cells versus HepG2 cells. Those observations imply a possibility of long time HBV infection could induce the over-expressing apoptosis inhibitors, furthermore, causing the liver cancer. The high expression of cIAP1 and cIAP2 in HBV expressing cells was confirmed by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. However, we did not find the change of NIAP and suvivin in HepG2.215 cells. In contrast, the expression of XIAP was down in the HepG2.215 cells comparing with HepG2 cells. How HBV triggers the over-expression of apoptosis inhibitor is unclear. Transient transfection of HepG2 cells with the plasmids expressing different HBV proteins such as S, M, L, X and core proteins did not give a decisive conclusion. Further study is going on now.
The toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 ligand, flagellin, prometes asthma by priming allergic responses to indoor allergens (2011)

Allergic asthma is associated with exposure to allergens and non-allergenic bacterial products residing in common house dust, suggesting that bacterial products can act as adjuvants to promote allergic sensitization to innocuous inhaled antigens. We therefore tested the ability of various microbial products, signaling through different toll like receptors (TLR), to prime allergic sensitization to inhaled antigens. Of the products tested, bacterial flagellin primed the strongest Th2 and Th17 responses to co-instilled ovalbumin (OVA). Following subsequent challenge with aerosolized OVA, these mice displayed strong asthma-like responses, including airway eosinophilia, mucus cell hyperplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness. As with purified flagellin, instillation of HDE into the airways of mice also primed Th2 and Th17 immune responses to OVA, and following OVA challenge, the animals developed strong asthma-like responses. Repeated instillations of HDE without OVA also induced asthma-like responses, indicating that house dust contains both adjuvants and allergens. The adjuvant activity in HDE was not dependent on TLR4, which senses lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but was dependent on TLR5, which senses bacterial flagellin. These findings might be relevant to human asthma because human sera from asthmatics had higher levels of anti-flagellin antibodies than did sera from control individuals. Taken together, these findings suggest that bacterial flagellin, and not LPS, is the major adjuvant in common house dust and that flagellin promotes allergic asthma by priming allergic responses to otherwise innocuous inhaled antigens.