gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Method to Reduce Head-Disk Interface (HDI) Degradation Risk During Thermal Asperity (TA) Mapping in a Hard Disk Drive (2020)

Abstract One of the issues in thermal asperity (TA) detection using an embedded contact sensor (ECS) is the degradation caused to the read/write elements of the head while interacting with the TA. We propose a method to reduce such head-disk interaction (HDI) during TA detection and classification by flying higher at low thermal fly-height control (TFC) power, which minimizes the interaction of the TA with the head. The key idea is to scan the head at higher fly height, but with higher ECS bias voltage. Initial experiments have shown that the TA count follows a negative cubic relationship with the backoff at various bias levels, and that it follows a square relationship with bias at various backoff levels. Using a sample set, the calibration curves i.e. the golden relationship between these parameters can be established. Using these, one can start the TA detection at the highest backoff and high ECS bias, and start to estimate the nominal TA count. By mapping out these TAs and ensuring the head does not fly over them again to prevent HDI, the fly height can then be lowered, and the rest of the TA cluster can be scanned. Following this method iteratively, the entire TA cluster can be mapped out with minimal interaction with the head. Although this method entails an increase in the test time to detect and map all TAs, compared to detecting them with TFC being on, this can help improve the reliability of the drive by protecting the sensitive read/write elements especially for energy assisted recording from HDI.
Minimal deuterium isotope effects in quantitation of dimethyl‐labeled complex proteomes analyzed with capillary zone electrophoresis/mass spectrometry (2020)

Stable heavy-isotope labeling is commonly used in quantitative proteomics. Several common techniques incorporate deuterium (<sup>2</sup> H) as the heavy isotopic label using reductive amination with formaldehyde. Compared with alternatives, dimethyl labeling reagents are inexpensive and the labeling chemistry is simple and rapid. However, the substitution of hydrogen by deuterium can introduce subtle changes in peptides' polarities, leading to a shift in chromatographic retention times between deuterated and nondeuterated peptides that can lead to quantification deviations. Capillary zone electrophoresis has emerged as a complementary separation for ESI-MS-based proteomics, including targeted and quantitative approaches. The extent to which the deuterium isotope effect impacts CZE-based proteomics, which separates peptides based on their S/N ratios, has not been investigated. To address this issue, CZE was used to analyze dimethyl labeled E. coli tryptic digests in 100 min single-shot analyses. The median migration time shift was 0.1 s for light versus heavy labeled peptides, which is 2.5% of the peak width. For comparison, nUHPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to analyze the same sample. In UPLC, deuterated peptides tended to elute earlier than nondeuterated peptides, with a retention shift of 3 s for light versus heavy labeled peptides, which is roughly half the peak width. This shift in separation time did not have a significant effect on quantitation for either method for equal mixing ratios of the light-intermediate-heavy isotope labeled samples.
Vaccine Evolution and Its Application to Fight Modern Threats (2019)

Before the development of the first vaccine, infectious diseases were a major cause of death around the globe with life expectancy estimated to be <50 years. Three measures have helped to drastically reduce the burden of infectious diseases but only vaccines have proven to be able to eradicate infectious agents. Herein, we describe new methodologies that have paved the way for what is currently known as modern vaccinology and the use of vaccines to tackle antimicrobial resistance, the biggest global threat of our time.
A Compact Metasurface Based Cross Polarization Converter for X Band Applications (2019)

This article reports on a compact, single layer polarizer having angular independent metasurface. The proposed design can efficiently convert cross polarization to co-polarization and vice versa for X - band applications. The unit cell consists of a stretched 8 shaped element printed diagonally on an FR4 substrate having 1.6 mm thickness backed by ground plane. The proposed design converts a linearly polarized incident wave into its orthogonal counterpart after getting reflected from the metasurface polarizer provided that the incident wave is polarized in x or y axis. Two distinct polarization conversion peaks are obtained at 9.9 GHz and 11.2 GHz with overall bandwidth more than 2 GHz. The design also exhibits stable frequency response at oblique angles of incidence up-to 45°. A finite prototype with overall dimensions of 210 × 290 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> containing 21 × 15 unit cells is fabricated and tested. A good agreement between the measured and simulated results showed that the proposed design can be employed for linear polarization conversion applications in X band.
Ketone-directed peracid epoxidation of cyclic alkenes (1996)

Ketone carbonyl groups are shown to direct the peracid epoxidation of cyclic alkenes with greater selectivity than that displayed by esters. An 18O labelling study is used to show that a dioxirane intermediate is not involved in these reactions.
Crosstalk between Autophagy and Obesity: Potential Use of Avian Model (2015)

Autophagy, a self-eating mechanism for recycling cellular constituents, is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and its malfunction is associated with diverse diseases including neurodegeneration, cancer, immunity and metabolic syndrome. Human Obesity is a devastating multifactorial disease with continuous increasing prevalence and, thus, there is a need for more extensive research using several experimental models to understand its underlying molecular mechanisms. Emerging evidence indicates a key role of autophagy in the development of obesity and has been a focus of research interest in recent years. This review will briefly describe the autophagy processes and provide insight into metabolic characteristics of avian species that make birds a model of choice for investigation of autophagy particularly with respect to obesity.
A Dual-Function All-in-Fiber Device Based on Negative Dielectric Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers (2008)

A dual-function all-in-fiber device based on negative dielectric liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibers is presented. This device can work both as an electrically tunable waveplate in the range 1520nm–1580nm, and as a polarimeter at 1310nm.
CPW anddiscontinuities modeling forcircuit design upto110GHz inSOICMOStechnology. (2007)

Thispaperpresents anewmodeling method h forintegrated coplanar wave guides (CPW)andCPW h $ Fn -Al A discontinuities implemented insilicon on insulator (SO)
Potential switch from eupnea to fictive gasping after blockade of glycine transmission and potassium channels (2002)

This study evaluated possible neuronal mechanisms responsible for the transition from normal breathing (eupnea) to gasping. We hypothesized that a blockade of both inhibitory glycinergic synaptic transmission and potassium channels, combined with an increase in extracellular concentration of potassium, would induce a switch from an eupneic respiratory pattern to gasping. Efferent activities of the phrenic, vagal, and hypoglossal nerves were recorded during eupnea and ischemia-induced gasping in a perfused in situ preparation of the juvenile rat (4-6 wk of age). To block potassium channels, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1-10 microM) was administered. Strychnine (0.2-0.6 microM) was used to block glycinergic neurotransmission. After administrations of 4-AP, excess extracellular potassium (10.25-17.25 mM), and strychnine, the incrementing pattern of eupneic phrenic activity was altered to a decrementing discharge. Hypoglossal and vagal activities became concentrated to the period of the phrenic burst with expiratory activity being reduced or eliminated. These changes in neural activities were similar to those in ischemia-induced gasping. Results are consistent with the concept that the elicitation of gasping represents a switch from a network-based rhythmogenesis for eupnea to a pacemaker-driven mechanism.
Preparation and biodistribution of 1-[2-(3-[125I]iodo-4-aminophenyl)ethyl]-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine and 1-[2-(3-[125I]iodo-4-azidophenyl)ethyl]-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine (1989)

The iodinated analogue of 1-[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine (PAPP), IPAPP (4), and the corresponding azido compound azido-IPAPP (5) were synthesized. The corresponding no-carrier-added 125I (T1/2 = 60 days, 35-60 keV) labeled compounds were also prepared. High specific binding was observed from in vitro binding studies using rat brain tissue preparation; Ki = 20 and 17.5 nM against [3H]-5-HT. In vivo biodistribution studies in rats showed that azido-[125I]IPAPP passed through intact blood-brain barrier and localized in the brain. Ex vivo autoradiography of rat brain sections exhibited a diffuse uptake pattern, which may be due to specific and nonspecific binding. The results indicate that IPAPP and azido-IPAPP may not be suitable to image the serotonin receptor in the brain.
Ultra-Long Cavity Hybrid Silicon Mode-locked Laser Diode Operating at 930 MHz (2010)

An integrated 9-cm cavity hybrid silicon laser that is fundamentally mode-locked at 930 MHz is presented. The laser outputs chirped 200-ps pulses at 1.1-ns repetition rate. Harmonic mode-locking up to the 8th harmonic is shown, with 35-ps pulses at the 3rd harmonic.
Variable bone mineral density reductions post-unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (2014)

Therapeutic study: case series with no comparison group, Level IV.
<title>Adaptive imaging system using image quality metric based on statistical analysis of speckle fields</title> (2000)

This paper describes an Opto-Silicon Adaptive Imaging (OSAI) system capable of operating at low light intensities with high resolution, high accuracy, wide dynamic range, and high speed. The system consists of three major subsystems: (1) an adaptive imaging system in which a liquid crystal wavefront corrector measures image quality based on statistical analysis of a speckle field; (2) an image quality analyzer (IQA); (3) an opto-silicon multi-chip module combining a high-resolution ferroelectric liquid crystal SLM, CCD photodetector array, field-programmable gate array, and digital signal processor. The OSAI wavefront control applies adaptive optoelectronic feedback for iterative wavefront restoration and distortion compensation, suing an image quality metric based on statistical properties of the speckle field produced by moving a diffuser in the Fourier transform plane of a IQA optical system. A prototype IQA system was designed, manufactured, and tested using an input liquid crystal SLM, a Fourier lens, a light-shaping diffuser, and an output photodiode.
Clinical Laboratory Values as Early Indicators of Ebola Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primates (2017)

The Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak in West Africa during 2013-2016 demonstrated the need to improve Ebola virus disease (EVD) diagnostics and standards of care. This retrospective study compared laboratory values and clinical features of 3 nonhuman primate models of lethal EVD to assess associations with improved survival time. In addition, the study identified laboratory values useful as predictors of survival, surrogates for EBOV viral loads, and triggers for initiation of therapeutic interventions in these nonhuman primate models. Furthermore, the data support that, in nonhuman primates, the Makona strain of EBOV may be less virulent than the Kikwit strain of EBOV. The applicability of these findings as potential diagnostic and management tools for EVD in humans warrants further investigation.
Missing Feature Theory based Interface Between Sound Source Separation and Automatic Speech Recognition and Applying to Multiple Robots (2005)

Robot audition is a critical technology in creating an intelligent robot operating in daily environments. To realize such a robot audition system, we have designed a missing feature theory based interface between sound source separation and automatic speech recognition (ASR) . In this interface, features distorted by speech separation are detected from input speech as missing features. The detected missing features are masked on recognition to avoid severe deterioration of recognition performance. By using the interface, we developed the robot audition system which recognizes multiple simultaneous speech. We also assess its general applicability by implementing it on three different humanoids, i.e., Honda ASIMO, SIG2, and Replie of Kyoto University. By using three simultaneous speeches as benchmarks, its general applicability was confirmed. When triphone is used and a size of vocabulary is 200 words, the average word correct of three simultaneous speech are 79.7%, 78.7%, and 82.7% for ASIMO, SIG2, and Replie, respectively.
Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (phytate) inhibits calcium carbonate crystallisation in hard water (2019)

A batch system and a flow system with synthetic water were used to study calcium carbonate precipitation and phytate crystallisation inhibitory effects. Afterwards, phytate inhibitory effects on calcium carbonate crystallisation were tested in a real system, working with a cistern filled with hard water. Finally, the effects of phytate on calcium carbonate crystallisation were compared with another phosphate derivative and with a chelating agent. The results obtained with the batch system demonstrated that 1.52 μM of phytate completely avoided calcium carbonate crystallisation when the calcium concentration was less than 7.9 mM and the carbonate concentration was 5.83 mM. The results corresponding to the flow system showed that 3.03 μM of phytate led to a 95% reduction of calcium carbonate scale formation on a copper pipe after 48 h, operating at 30ºC. In addition, in a full-scale system, the dissolved calcium and bicarbonate concentration was increased for a given time when adding phytate to the cistern. Finally, using a batch system, it was demonstrated that phytate effects on calcium carbonate crystallisation reduction were superior to those shown by triphosphate and EDTA. The results presented demonstrate that phytate at very low concentrations can be used to prevent calcium carbonate scale formation without changing the mineral composition of water due to its capacity as a crystallisation inhibitor.Keywords: phytate, inhibition, calcium carbonate, scale formation, water hardness
Supplemental figure 9 from Preclinical Characterization of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitor ABBV-075 Suggests Combination Therapeutic Strategies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ABBV-075 inhibits genes that are important for cell cycle&lt;/p&gt;
Modelling for local scale sustainability and decision-making support: reflections and difficulties (2012)

International audience
Active vibration control of a structure by implementing filtered-X LMS algorithm (2006)

This paper presents the real-time experimental results of active vibration control (AVC) of a structure similar to a small-scale model of housing for sensitive machinery. This structure is excited by a shaker to simulate an undesired vibration. Either a single accelerometer or combination of accelerometers placed at various locations is used as an error sensor for generating an error signal and synthesizing a reference signal. An offline modeling technique is used to estimate the transfer function of a secondary path that is required by the filtered-X least-mean-square (FXLMS) algorithm for updating adaptive filter coefficients. An AVC scheme using the adaptive feedback system with the FXLMS algorithm is successfully implemented on the TMS320C32 digital signal processor to minimize the vibration of the structure.
Role of adjuvants in modeling the immune response (2010)

Because adjuvants influence the breadth of antibodies generated and the type of cells that proliferate in response to a vaccine this review is relevant for scientists clinicians involved in creating a new HIV vaccine.
Program analysis with partial transfer functions (1999)

Program analyses used in compilers commonly use a transfer function (TF) to summarize the input/output behavior of a procedure or region, speeding convergence of analysis of the surrounding region or program. A partial transfer function (PTF) summarizes input/output behavior for only a subset of the possible inputs. In many cases, an exact characterization of input/output behavior is possible for the contexts occurring in a given program, even when a concise and exact total summary would not be feasible. In other cases, an approximate PTF can be used which, while not exact, is more precise than would be possible with a total approximation.
Patient‐derived xenografts as tools in pharmaceutical development (2016)

Successful drug development in oncology is grossly suboptimal, manifested by the very low percentage of new agents being developed that ultimately succeed in clinical approval. This poor success is in part due to the inability of standard cell-line xenograft models to accurately predict clinical success and to tailor chemotherapy specifically to a group of patients more likely to benefit from the therapy. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) maintain the histopathological architecture and molecular features of human tumors, and offer a potential solution to maximize drug development success and ultimately generate better outcomes for patients. Although imperfect in mimicking all aspects of human cancer, PDXs are a more predictable platform for preclinical evaluation of treatment effect and in selected cases can guide therapeutic decision making in the clinic. This article summarizes the current status of PDX models, challenges associated with modeling human cancer, and various approaches that have been applied to overcome these challenges and improve the clinical relevance of PDX cancer models.
Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of glyoxalase 1 regulates voluntary ethanol consumption in mice (2015)

Previous studies have identified an association between the gene glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and anxiety-like behavior in mice and have shown that the substrate of GLO1, methylglyoxal, is a competitive partial agonist at GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. Given the well-established role of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors in the behavioral effects of ethanol (EtOH), we investigated the role of Glo1 in voluntary EtOH consumption in mice using the drinking in the dark (DID) paradigm. Transgenic mice overexpressing Glo1 on both FVB/NJ (FVB) or C57BL/6J (B6) backgrounds showed increased voluntary EtOH consumption compared to their wild-type littermates in DID. Furthermore, transgenic Glo1 knockdown mice on a B6 background showed decreased voluntary EtOH consumption in DID. These genetic manipulations of Glo1 had no effect on sucrose, saccharin or water consumption. Finally, we found that a small molecule GLO1 inhibitor (S-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester (pBBG; 6.25, 12.5 mg/kg)) reduced EtOH consumption compared to vehicle treated B6 mice without altering saccharin or water consumption. Sucrose consumption was only reduced by the higher (12.5 mg/kg) dose of pBBG. We did not observe differences in the loss of righting reflex (LORR) or EtOH-induced foot slips on the balance beam in response to acute EtOH administration (LORR: 4 g/kg, Balance Beam: 1.25 g/kg) in B6 or FVB mice overexpressing Glo1, nor in B6 mice treated with pBBG. These data are the first to implicate Glo1 in EtOH-related behaviors and suggest that GLO1 inhibitors may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of alcohol use disorders.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Immune Checkpoint Blockade, Immunogenic Chemotherapy or IFN-α Blockade Boost the Local and Abscopal Effects of Oncolytic Virotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
1787: NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY IN A PORCINE MODEL OF SUBCLINICAL HEMORRHAGE (2019)

Sun, Yifei1; Rashedi, Navid1; Vaze, Vikrant1; Elliott, Jonathan1; Hamlin, Alexandra1; Klein, Samuel2; Anderson, Justin3; Joseph, Minichiello4; Halter, Ryan1; Paradis, Norman2 Author Information
A Full Diversity Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Scheme for Cognitive Radio Networks (2017)

This paper presents an enhanced cooperative spectrum sharing scheme in a cognitive radio network, which consists of two pairs: a primary transmitter-primary receiver pair and a secondary base station-secondary receiver pair. The developed scheme is based on a three time slots cooperative spectrum sharing, which exploits the maximum diversity gain for both the primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU). The performance of the developed scheme is assessed through the derivation of new closed-form expressions for both the bit error rate and achievable rate for arbitrary signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, we carry out an asymptotic analysis in the high SNR regime, which proves that the proposed scheme achieves a full diversity order for the PU and SU. Results of analytical expressions and numerical simulations both verify that the proposed scheme achieves significant gains for error and rate performance, for both the PU and SU, in comparison to other baseline schemes.
Common γ-chain blocking peptide reduces in vitro immune activation markers in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis. (P6.299) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine a novel immunomodulatory strategy for use in treating HAM/TSP, which consisted of selective blockade of certain γc family cytokines, including IL-2 and IL-15, with a γc antagonistic peptide. BACKGROUND: HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a progressive inflammatory myelopathy occurring in a subset of HTLV-1 infected individuals. Despite advances in understanding its immunopathogenesis, there are still no effective treatments. IL-2 and IL-15, members of the gamma-chain (γc) family of cytokines, are prominently deregulated in HAM/TSP and underlie many of the characteristic immune abnormalities such as spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation (SP), increased STAT5 phosphorylation in the lymphocytes, and increased frequency and cytotoxicity of virus-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs). DESIGN/METHODS: We sought to selectively blockade certain γc family cytokines, including IL-2 and IL-15, with a γc antagonistic peptide. We examined the effects of a PEGylated form of the peptide, named BNZ132-1-40, in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. RESULTS: BNZ132-1-40 reduced multiple immune activation markers such as SP, STAT5 phosphorylation, spontaneous degranulation of CD8+ T-cells, and the frequency of Tax-specific CD8+ CTLS, thought to be major players in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This strategy is a promising therapeutic approach to HAM/TSP with the potential of being more effective than single monoclonal antibodies targeting either IL-2 or IL-15 receptors; and safer than inhibitors of down-stream signaling molecules such as JAK1 inhibitors. Finally, selective cytokine blockade with antagonistic peptides might be applicable to multiple other conditions where cytokines are pathogenic.
Immunoprecipitation of Insulin Receptors from Cultured Human Lymphocytes (IM-9 Cells) by Antibodies to pp60 src (1985)

The family of tyrosine-specific protein kinases includes proteins encoded by retroviral oncogenes as well as receptors for insulin and several growth factors. Antibodies to pp60src, the protein encoded by the src oncogene of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), can specifically immunoprecipitate affinity-labeled insulin receptors from cultured human lymphocytes (IM-9 cells). This precipitation is specifically inhibited by the src gene product purified from RSV-transformed rat cells. These observations provide evidence that there is structural homology between the insulin receptors and pp60src.