gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in blue gills and water (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in blue gills and waterDavid L. Stalling and James N. HuckinsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978, 26, 2, 447–452Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60216a055Request reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (733 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AstroWheelie: A wheelchair based exercise game (2008)

Exercise is necessary to maintain physical fitness and well-being. However, many people who have limited use of their legs and need the aid of a wheelchair may find it difficult to get an adequate amount of physical activity each day. In this work, we describe AstroWheelie, a version of the classic arcade game "Asteroidstrade" which is played by using a wheelchair as the game interface. AstroWheelie encourages exercise in a enjoyable game that is appropriate for all age groups.
Automatic Stream Identification to Improve Flash Endurance in Data Centers (2022)

The demand for high performance I/O in Storage-as-a-Service (SaaS) is increasing day by day. To address this demand, NAND Flash-based Solid-state Drives (SSDs) are commonly used in data centers as cache- or top-tiers in the storage rack ascribe to their superior performance compared to traditional hard disk drives (HDDs). Meanwhile, with the capital expenditure of SSDs declining and the storage capacity of SSDs increasing, all-flash data centers are evolving to serve cloud services better than SSD-HDD hybrid data centers. During this transition, the biggest challenge is how to reduce the Write Amplification Factor (WAF) as well as to improve the endurance of SSD since this device has a limited program/erase cycles. A specified case is that storing data with different lifetimes (i.e., I/O streams with similar temporal fetching patterns such as reaccess frequency) in one single SSD can cause high WAF, reduce the endurance, and downgrade the performance of SSDs. Motivated by this, multi-stream SSDs have been developed to enable data with a different lifetime to be stored in different SSD regions. The logic behind this is to reduce the internal movement of data—when garbage collection is triggered, there are high chances of having data blocks with either all the pages being invalid or valid. However, the limitation of this technology is that the system needs to manually assign the same streamID to data with a similar lifetime. Unfortunately, when data arrives, it is not known how important this data is and how long this data will stay unmodified. Moreover, according to our observation, with different definitions of a lifetime (i.e., different calculation formulas based on selected features previously exhibited by data, such as sequentiality, and frequency), streamID identification may have varying impacts on the final WAF of multi-stream SSDs. Thus, in this article, we first develop a portable and adaptable framework to study the impacts of different workload features and their combinations on write amplification. We then propose a feature-based stream identification approach, which automatically co-relates the measurable workload attributes (such as I/O size, I/O rate, and so on.) with high-level workload features (such as frequency, sequentiality, and so on.) and determines a right combination of workload features for assigning streamIDs . Finally, we develop an adaptable stream assignment technique to assign streamID for changing workloads dynamically. Our evaluation results show that our automation approach of stream detection and separation can effectively reduce the WAF by using appropriate features for stream assignment with minimal implementation overhead.
Labeling of curvilinear structure across scales by token grouping (2003)

An algorithm for labeling curvilinear structure at multiple scales in line drawings and edge images is presented. Symbolic curve-element tokens residing in a spatially indexed and scale-indexed data structure denote circular arcs fit to image data. Tokens are computed via a small-to-large scale grouping procedure using a greedy best-first strategy for choosing the support of new tokens. The resulting image description is rich and redundant in that a given segment of image contour may be described by multiple tokens at different scales, and by more than one token at any given scale. This property facilitates selection and characterization of portions of the image based on curve-element attributes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Accelerated Discovery of Organic Polymer Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution from Water through the Integration of Experiment and Theory (2019)

Conjugated polymers are an emerging class of photocatalysts for hydrogen production where the large breadth of potential synthetic diversity presents both an opportunity and a challenge. Here, we integrate robotic experimentation with high-throughput computation to navigate the available structure-property space. A total of 6354 co-polymers was considered computationally, followed by the synthesis and photocatalytic characterization of a sub-library of more than 170 co-polymers. This led to the discovery of new polymers with sacrificial hydrogen evolution rates (HERs) of more than 6 mmol g<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. The variation in HER across the library does not correlate strongly with any single physical property, but a machine-learning model involving four separate properties can successfully describe up to 68% of the variation in the HER data between the different polymers. The four variables used in the model were the predicted electron affinity, the predicted ionization potential, the optical gap, and the dispersibility of the polymer particles in solution, as measured by optical transmittance.
Freeform 3D Ice Printing (3D‐ICE) at the Micro Scale (Adv. Sci. 27/2022) (2022)

3D Ice Printing In article number 2201566, Philip R. LeDuc, O. Burak Ozdoganlar, and co‐workers demonstrate the use of water as a structural material. They present a freeform 3D printing process (3D‐ICE) to rapidly print complex microscale ice structures for applications in biomedical engineering, advanced manufacturing, and even art. The printed ice structures are used as sacrificial template for reverse molding. [Image: see text]
An efficient Rao-Blackwellized particle filter for object tracking (2005)

In this paper we present a technique for the tracking of textured almost planar object. The target is modeled as a noisy planar cloud of points. The tracking is led with an appropriate non linear stochastic filter. The particular system that we devised is conditionally Gaussian and can be efficiently implemented through variance reduction principle known as Rao-Blackwellisation. Our model allows also to melt a correlation measurements with dynamic model estimated from the images. Such a cooperation within a stochastic filtering framework allows the tracker to be robust to occlusions and target's unpredictable changes of speed and direction. We demonstrate the efficiency of the tracker on different types of real world sequences.
Applied Fluid Chaos: Designing Advection with Periodically Reoriented Flows for Micro to Geophysical Mixing and Transport Enhancement (2010)

Beginning with motivating examples of chaotic fluid advection applied to control mixing and scalar transport in devices, in biophysical flows, and in environmental and geophysical flows, I discuss basic features and organizing ideas of chaotic advection and transport in planar flows. Due to the combination of kinematics and continuity, steady planar flows must mix poorly; the flow designer must add some time-dependence that causes streamlines to cross at successive times (a simple though effective heuristic). Unstable manifolds of hyperbolic points in flows are the 'highways' along which transport takes place. These structures emerge from the way the fluid is stirred and change as stirring parameters vary, leading to fractal distributions of transport rates in the control parameter space of flows. This has important implications for designing applications because it means that small variations in parameters can lead to large changes in performance. Optimum designs require knowledge of the complete parametric variation of transport properties for a given flow. As an example, I explore mixing and scalar advection-diffusion transport with the class of periodically reoriented flows, which is often simple to implement for applications, yet imposes, via its symmetries, a rich structure onto chaotic transport that includes generating sub-harmonic resonance 'tongues' of the mixing and transport rates in the flows' control parameter space. My objective in this chapter is to impart to the reader the ability to recognize, design, and use chaotic advection to profitably shape and constrain his or her own investigations.
Biomechanical evaluation of interbody fixation with secondary augmentation: lateral lumbar interbody fusion versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion (2018)

LLIF and PLIF constructs had similar stabilizing effects.
Evaluation of dexterity using results of hand motion measurement by inertial sensor (2021)

人が生活する中で生じる多様な動作の中で手指動作は重要な役割を担う．そこで，開発した慣性センサによる手指動作計測システムを用いて日常動作や器用性の必要な動作を計測し，構築した手指モデルに適用することで手指全体の関節角度を算出した．そして，慣性情報や取得した関節角度を特異値分解することで，器用性に関わる動作の協調性，独立性を判断し巧緻性要素を評価した．
Semimicro Chemical and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of Lunar Samples (1970)

Major and selected minor elements were determined in seven whole rock fragments, five portions of pulverized lunar rock, and the lunar soil. Three different rock types were represented: vesicular, fine-grained basaltic rocks; medium to coarse-grained, vuggy gabbroic rocks; and breccia. The ranges (in percent) for the major constituents of the lunar samples are: SiO(2), 38 to 42; Al(2)O(3), 8 to 14; total iron as FeO, 15 to 20; MgO, 6 to 8; CaO, 10 to 12; Na(2)O, 0.5 to 1; K(2)0, 0.05 to 0.4; TiO(2), 8 to 13; MnO, 0.2 to 0.3; and Cr(2)O(3), 0.2 to 0.4. The high reducing capacity of the samples strongly suggests the presence of Ti(III).
Cellular MIMO system performance versus base station element spacing (2008)

Outdoor MIMO propagation tests were carried out in an urban area in the Danish city of Aalborg in order to investigate some parameters that affect cellular MIMO base-station antennas. We experimentally examined the 2-by-2 MIMO channel responses of base-station arrays with differently-spaced antennas. From these trials, a clear dependence was found between antenna spacing and fading correlation, going from about 0.6 to about 0.1 when the spacing is increased from 1 to 6 wavelengths. However, due to the overall low correlation, the corresponding MIMO capacity gain over SISO capacity only increases from about 1.78 to about 1.87, and thus only a small extra capacity obtained.
Langmuir–Blodgett Film (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Conformatzonal Properties of a Novel Modified Nucleoside, 5-Formylcytidine, Found at the First Position of the Anticodon of Bovine Mitochondrial tRNAMet (1994)

Abstract Conformational properties of a novel modified nucleoside, 5-formylcytidine (f5C), which is found at the first position of the anticodon of bovine mitochondrial tRNAMet, were analyzed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. f5C has a normal amino tautomeric form at position 4 of the base moiety. The results indicate the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the carbony1 of the 5-formyl group and the 4-amino function. f5C was found to exhibit the C3′-endo conformation exclusively and the enthalpy difference (ΔH) between the C2′-endo and C3′- endo forms was found to be 1.56 ± 0.13 kcal/mol, indicating f5C to be one of the most conformationally rigid nucleosides yet analyzed. The conformational rigidity of f5C may contribute to regulation of codon recognition by tRNAMet.
Supplementary Table 11 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 11: The effect of mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCA) on death of cardiovascular disease causes, coronary artery disease causes, from cancer, and any-cause death with a mCA-by-cancer status interaction term in all patients&lt;/p&gt;
Thermoelectric Properties of Sinter-forged NaCo2O4 (2003)

Thermoelectric properties of the polycrystal NaCo2O4 fabricated by the sinter-forging method were investigated in the temperature range of 300–1060 K in air for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. The thermopower, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the sinter-forged samples were evaluated for the same transport direction, and the highest value of figure-of-merit for the sinter-forged NaCo2O4 was 2.52×10-4 K-1 at 1050 K in air. The measurement was also extended from 300 to 4 K. The microstructure of the NaCo2O4 was observed for the first time with high resolution and the high-angle grain boundary of Na-rich phase and the low-angle grain boundary are presented in this study.
Cytoplasmic assembly and accumulation of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 in recombinant human colony-stimulating factor-1-treated human monocytes: an ultrastructural study (1988)

Recombinant human colony-stimulating factor-1-treated human peripheral blood-derived monocytes-macrophages are efficient host cells for recovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from blood leukocytes of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. These cells can be maintained as viable monolayers for intervals exceeding 3 months. Infection with HIV resulted in virus-induced cytopathic effects, accompanied by relatively high levels of released progeny virus, followed by a prolonged low-level release of virus from morphologically normal cells. In both acutely and chronically infected monocytes, viral particles were seen budding into and accumulating within cytoplasmic vacuoles. The number of intravacuolar virions far exceeded those associated with the plasma membrane, especially in the chronic phase, and were concentrated in the perinuclear Golgi zone. In many instances, the vacuoles were identified as Golgi elements. Fusion of virus-laden vacuoles with primary lysosomes were rare. The pattern of cytoplasmic assembly of virus was observed with both HIV types 1 and 2 and in brain macrophages of an individual with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome encephalopathy. Immunoglobulin-coated gold beads added to acutely infected cultures were segregated from the vacuoles containing virus; relatively few beads and viral particles colocalized. The assembly of HIV virions within vacuoles of macrophages is in contrast to the exclusive surface assembly of HIV by T lymphocytes. Intracytoplasmic virus hidden from immune surveillance in monocytes-macrophages may explain, in part, the persistence of HIV in the infected human host.
Cofactorization on Graphics Processing Units. (2014)

Abstract. We show how the cofactorization step, a compute-intensive part of the relation collection phase of the number field sieve (NFS), can be farmed out to a graphics processing unit. Our implementation on a GTX 580 GPU, which is integrated with a state-of-the-art NFS implementation, can serve as a cryptanalytic co-processor for several Intel i7-3770K quad-core CPUs simultaneously. This allows those processors to focus on the memory-intensive sieving and results in more useful NFS-relations found in less time.
Effects of P-MAPA Immunomodulator on Toll-Like Receptors and p53: Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Infectious Diseases and Cancer (2012)

In conclusion, P-MAPA acted as TLR ligand in vitro and improved the immunological status in BC, increasing TLR2 and TLR4 protein levels. P-MAPA immunotherapy was more effective in restoring p53 and TLRs reactivities and showed significantly greater antitumor activity than BCG. The activation of TLRs and p53 may provide a hypothetical mechanism for the therapeutic effects in both cancer and infectious diseases. Taken together data obtained will encourage the further investigation of P-MAPA as a potential candidate for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases.
High power microwave sources: where do we go from here? (2003)

High power microwave (HPM) sources, in the context of this paper, denotes sources of coherent radiation that are generated through the interaction of an intense relativistic electron beam with an electrodynamic structure. Whereas the vast majority of HPM devices that are being researched are relegated to large laboratory facilities, attributed primarily to the large volume occupied by typical pulsed power generators, recent interest has focused on the integration of HPM sources with compact pulsed power generators. This presentation will focus on the author's view of the future direction of HPM source research. This direction suggests viewing sources as integrated systems, and inevitably going in the direction of operating with overmoded electrodynamic structures in a "managed" manner.
Diamond Turning and Replication of High-Efficiency Diffractive Optical Elements (1996)

Diffractive optical elements can provide a significant advantage in the design of many optical systems that require aspheric or chromatic correction. For high-numerical aperture systems that have tight size and weight constraints, a diffractive element can often provide the necessary leverage to obtain a suitable optical design. For extremely narrow wavelength applications, a diffractive singlet can be used to produce the desired aspheric wavefront; however, for large wavelength range applications the diffractive asphericity must be tempered to reduce spherochromatism. The unique dispersion characteristics of diffractive surfaces provide the ability to correct primary or secondary chromatic aberrations.[1,2] Recent literature has shown that there are numerous potential optical designs that could benefit from the application of diffractive optical elements.[3] The main impediments that inhibit system engineers from manufacturing more optical designs containing diffractive elements is uncertainty about predicted performance and cost. We have developed manufacturing techniques that utilize the accurate machining potential of single-point diamond turning (SPDT) to generate robust metal master surfaces suitable for replication. By utilizing several replication techniques, a variety of different optical component configurations can be efficiently manufactured to provide exceptional wavefront performance and high diffraction efficiency.
Small-molecule BCL6 inhibitor effectively treats mice with nonsclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease (2018)

Patient outcomes for steroid-dependent or -refractory chronic graft-versus-host diesease (cGVHD) are poor, and only ibrutinib has been US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for this indication. cGVHD is often driven by the germinal center (GC) reaction, in which T follicular helper cells interact with GC B cells to produce antibodies that are associated with disease pathogenesis. The transcriptional corepressor B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a member of the Broad-complex, Tramtrack, and Bric-abrac/poxvirus and zinc finger (BTB/POZ) transcription factor family and master regulator of the immune cells in the GC reaction. We demonstrate that BCL6 expression in both donor T cells and B cells is necessary for cGVHD development, pointing to BCL6 as a therapeutic cGVHD target. A small-molecule BCL6 inhibitor reversed active cGVHD in a mouse model of multiorgan system injury with bronchiolitis obliterans associated with a robust GC reaction, but not in cGVHD mice with scleroderma as the prominent manifestation. For cGVHD patients with antibody-driven cGVHD, targeting of BCL6 represents a new approach with specificity for a master GC regulator that would extend the currently available second-line agents.
The effect of environmental conditions on extracellular protease activity in controlled fermentations of Aspergillus niger (2009)

Proteolytic degradation by host proteases is one of the key issues in the application of filamentous fungi for non-fungal protein production. In this study the influence of several environmental factors on the production of extracellular proteases of Aspergillus niger was investigated systematically in controlled batch cultures. Of all factors investigated in a series of initial screening experiments, culture pH and nitrogen concentration in particular strongly affected extracellular protease activities. For instance, at a culture pH of 4, protease activity was higher than at pH 5, and protease activity increased with increasing concentrations of ammonium as nitrogen source. Interestingly, an interdependence was observed for several of the factors studied. These possible interaction effects were investigated further using a full factorial experimental design. Amongst others, the results showed a clear interaction effect between nitrogen source and nitrogen concentration. Based on the observed interactions, the selection of environmental factors to reduce protease activity is not straightforward, as unexpected antagonistic or synergistic effects occur. Furthermore, not only were the effects of the process parameters on maximum protease activity investigated, but five other protease-related phenotypes were studied as well, such as maximum specific protease activity and maximum protease productivity. There were significant differences in the effect of the environmental parameters on the various protease-related phenotypes. For instance, pH significantly affected final levels of protease activity, but not protease productivity. The results obtained in this study are important for the optimization of A. niger for protein production.