gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B62: Zinc supplementation reduces forestomach tumor burden in N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-treated mice (2010)

Abstract Zinc deficiency is associated with high incidences of esophageal and other human cancers. In addition, zinc status in plasma and white blood cells is a better indicator of tumor burden and stage of the disease in head and neck cancer patients than overall nutritional status. Research in rodents found that zinc insufficiency leads to a highly proliferative hyperplastic condition in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Zn replenishment reduces the incidence of lingual, esophageal, and forestomach tumors in Zn-deficient rats and mice. While previous animal studies focused on the effect of Zn deficiency on cancer prevention and development, in this study we investigated the effect of Zn supplementation on carcinogenesis in Zn-sufficient mice of wild type and three tumor suppressor-deficient mouse strains, Fhit−/−, Fhit−/−Nit1−/−, and Fhit−/−Rassf1a−/−. About fifty mice from each strain received 6-8 doses of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA). Half the mice then received Zn supplemented water while another half received regular water. Sixteen weeks after last NMBA administration, mice were sacrificed and tumors were found only in forestomach. Mice without Zn supplementation had developed more tumors than Zn-supplemented mice: wild type C57BL/6 mice developed an average of 7.0 vs 5.0 tumors for Zn supplemented (p&amp;lt;0.05); Zn-supplemented Fhit−/− mice averaged 5.7 vs 8.0 for control mice (p&amp;lt; 0.01); Zn-supplemented Fhit−/−Nit1−/− mice averaged 5.4 vs 9.2 for control mice (p&amp;lt; 0.01); and Zn-supplemented Fhit−/−Rassf1a−/−mice averaged 5.9 vs 9.1 for control mice (p&amp;lt; 0.01). Zn supplementation reduced tumor burdens by 28% (wild type) to 42% (Fhit−/−Nit1−/−). Histological analysis of forestomach tissues also showed significant decreases in severity of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in Zn-supplemented cohorts of each mouse strain. Thus, Zn supplementation significantly reduced tumor burdens in mice with multiple tumor suppressor deficiencies. When Zn supplementation was begun at 7 weeks after the final carcinogen dose, the reduction in tumor burden was the same as observed when supplementation began immediately after carcinogen dosing, suggesting that Zn supplementation may affect tumor progression rather than tumor initiation. Our study suggests that Zn could have an important role in tumor prevention and perhaps treatment of specific human cancers and should be more thoroughly studied in preclinical models. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(12 Suppl):B62.
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Nitrogen Depth Profile in Radical Nitrided Silicon Oxynitride Film (2007)

The intensities of emission from N2+ and NH radicals in Ar/N2, Xe/N2 Ar/NH3 or Xe/NH3 plasma excited by microwave and the chemical bonding states of nitrogen atoms in silicon oxynitride film nitrided by using these plasmas were investigated. Depth profiles of composition and chemical structures in the oxynitride films were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with step etching in HF solution. The emission intensities from N2+ radical generated in Xe/N2, Ar/NH3 or Xe/NH3 plasma are less than a quarter of that from N2+ radical generated in Ar/N2 plasma. The emission from NH radical detected in Ar/NH3 or Xe/NH3 plasma is not detected in Xe/N2 or Ar/N2 plasma. The order of the nitrogen concentration near the film/substrate interface is Ar/NH3>Xe/NH3>Ar/N2>Xe/N2 plasma. Therefore, it is important for the reduction of the nitrogen concentration near the film/substrate interface to use Xe/N2 plasma in which both of the generation efficiencies of N2+ and NH radicals are low.
The effects of the heme precursor 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on REV‐ERBα activation (2014)

The nuclear receptor, REV-ERBα, has a key role in circadian rhythms and requires heme as its ligand. The present study determined whether the heme precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), affects REV-ERBα and its target genes. When exposed to ALA, the human lung diploid cell line, WI-38, exhibited activation of REV-ERBα and repression of the transcription of REV-ERBα target genes, including BMAL1, an essential component of the circadian oscillator. Moreover, co-incubation of sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) and ALA also activated REV-ERBα and repressed the transcription of REV-ERBα target genes. These results indicate that ALA regulates human circadian rhythms via REV-ERBα.
A reappraisal of the conditions of deposition of the Maentwrog Beds (Upper Cambrian) at Porth Ceiriad, North Wales (1983)

Summary The marine Maentwrog Beds comprise a repetition of sand and mud facies and follow a non-sequence. A shallow water depositional environment is inferred from the nature of the basal unit (with stromatolites and intraformational conglomerate), and hummocky cross-stratification and mud-draped erosion surfaces. The bulk of the formation was deposited between fair weather and storm wave base, the sand facies representing storm depositional events.
Epoxidized soybean oil modified using fatty acids as tougheners for thermosetting epoxy resins: Part 2—Effect of curing agent and epoxy molecular weight (2021)

Abstract A series of bio‐rubber (BR) tougheners for thermosetting epoxy resins was prepared by grafting renewable fatty acids with different chain lengths onto epoxidized soybean oil at varying molar ratios. BR‐toughened samples were prepared by blending BRs with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A resins, Epon 828 and Epon 1001F, at different weight fractions and stoichiometrically cured using an amine curing agent, 4, 4′‐methylene biscyclohexanamine (PACM). Fracture toughness properties of the unmodified and BR toughened polymer samples—including critical strain energy release rate (G Ic ), and critical stress intensity factor (K Ic )—were measured to investigate the toughening effect of prepared BRs. It was found that the degree of phase separation and toughening were more controllable relative to similar polymers cured using the aromatic curing agent Epikure W, and the use of higher molecular epoxy resins produces a synergistic effect increasing the toughness much more than similar polymers made with lower molecular weight epoxy resins. Average BR domain sizes ranging from 200 to 900 nm were observed, and formulations with G Ic , values K Ic as high as 1.0 kJ/m 2 and 1.4 MPa m 1/2 were attained respectively for epoxy systems with T g greater than 130°C.
Similar Partial Copy Recognition for Line Drawings Using Concentric Multi-Region Histograms of Oriented Gradients (2011)

Since line drawings just employ simple lines to represent objects, similar drawings which represent the same objects can be created easily. Therefore, for protecting the copyright of line drawings, similar partial copy is a problem we have to consider. In this paper, we focus on similar partial copy recognition for line drawings and propose Concentric Multi-Region Histograms of Oriented Gradients (CMR-HOG) to increase the recognition rate. By the experiments of similar comic face recognition, the effectiveness of the proposed method has been proved. 1
Optimal Preview Control For Vehicle Lateral Guidance (1991)

This report introduces an optimal preview control algorithm which utilizes preview information pertaining to road curvature as well as superelevation angle for vehicle lateral control purposes. The optimal control law consists of both feedback control action and feedforward preview control action. The feedforward preview control action significantly improves tracking performance while maintaining a small closed loop bandwidth so ride quality is not impaired. Frequency domain analyses and numerical simulation results show improvements obtained in both frequency domain and time domain
Photoluminescence Characteristics of Macroporous Eu-Doped Yttrium Oxide Particles Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis (2009)

The photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of ordered macroporous europium-doped yttrium oxide (Y2O3:Eu3+) particles were investigated. The submicrometer particles were prepared by spray pyrolysis using a mixture of a yttrium and europium nitrate solution and colloidal polystyrene latex (PSL) particles as the precursor. The porous particles exhibited higher PL intensity, quantum efficiency, and red-emission properties than the non-porous particles due to their porous structures. Detailed PL analysis revealed that the porous particles have unique photophysical properties, such as a 4-nm blue-shift in the charge transfer band (CTB) wavelength, and a lower symmetry ratio of 2.7, which were not found in non-porous particles with approximately the same particle and crystallite sizes.
Search for diboson resonances in hadronic final states in 139 fb−1 of pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

A bstract Narrow resonances decaying into W W , W Z or ZZ boson pairs are searched for in 139 fb − 1 of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider from 2015 to 2018. The diboson system is reconstructed using pairs of high transverse momentum, large-radius jets. These jets are built from a combination of calorimeter- and tracker-inputs compatible with the hadronic decay of a boosted W or Z boson, using jet mass and substructure properties. The search is performed for diboson resonances with masses greater than 1.3 TeV. No significant deviations from the background expectations are observed. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio into dibosons for resonances in a range of theories beyond the Standard Model, with the highest excluded mass of a new gauge boson at 3.8 TeV in the context of mass-degenerate resonances that couple predominantly to gauge bosons.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for Combinatorial Organic Synthesis: Solution and Polymer‐ Supported Synthesis of 4‐Thiazolidinones and 4‐Metathiazanones Derived from Amino Acids. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Formation of Superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Thin Films with Controlled c-Axis Lattice Spacings by Multitarget Sputtering (1988)

Thin films of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system were prepared by sequential deposition of Bi, SrCu, CaCu and SrCu oxides using multitarget sputtering. It was confirmed that the c -axis spacing of lattice planes could be controlled by the variation of the CaCu oxide layer. Also, thin films of the Bi system with the insertion of four Cu-O 2 planes were synthesized. The T c s of the films were found to be 80 K, 110 K and 90 K for the Bi system with two, three and four Cu-O 2 planes, respectively.
Effectiveness of the D-TERMINED Program of Repetitive Tasking for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. (2016)

The D-TERMINED program may help children with ASD learn the cooperation skills necessary to receive treatment in a dental practice, which might impact health care cost effectiveness.
Specific Inhibition of p25/Cdk5 Activity by the Cdk5 Inhibitory Peptide Reduces NeurodegenerationIn Vivo (2013)

The aberrant hyperactivation of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), by the production of its truncated activator p25, results in the formation of hyperphosphorylated tau, neuroinflammation, amyloid deposition, and neuronal death in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, this occurs as a result of a neurotoxic insult that invokes the intracellular elevation of calcium to activate calpain, which cleaves the Cdk5 activator p35 into p25. It has been shown previously that the p25 transgenic mouse as a model to investigate the mechanistic implications of p25 production in the brain, which recapitulates deregulated Cdk5-mediated neuropathological changes, such as hyperphosphorylated tau and neuronal death. To date, strategies to inhibit Cdk5 activity have not been successful in targeting selectively aberrant activity without affecting normal Cdk5 activity. Here we show that the selective inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation in vivo, through overexpression of the Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP), rescues against the neurodegenerative pathologies caused by p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation without affecting normal neurodevelopment afforded by normal p35/Cdk5 activity. Tau and amyloid pathologies as well as neuroinflammation are significantly reduced in the CIP-p25 tetra transgenic mice, whereas brain atrophy and subsequent cognitive decline are reversed in these mice. The findings reported here represent an important breakthrough in elucidating approaches to selectively inhibit the p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation as a potential therapeutic target to reduce neurodegeneration.
Antitoxin MqsA Represses Curli Formation Through the Master Biofilm Regulator CsgD (2013)

MqsA, the antitoxin of the MqsR/MqsA toxin/antitoxin (TA) system, is a global regulator that reduces expression of several stress response genes (e.g., mqsRA, cspD, and rpoS) by binding to the promoter palindromic motif [5'-AACCT (N)₃ AGGTT-3']. We identified a similar mqsRA-like palindrome [5'-AACCT TA AGGTT-3'] 78 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site in the csgD promoter (p-csgD). CsgD is a master regulator for biofilm formation via its control of curli and cellulose production. We show here that MqsA binds to this palindrome in p-csgD to repress csgD transcription. As expected, p-csgD repression by MqsA resulted in reduced transcription from CsgD-regulated curli genes csgA and csgB (encoding the major and minor curlin subunits, respectively). Curli production was reduced in colonies and in planktonic cells upon MqsA production. Hence, MqsA directly represses p-csgD, and thereby influences curli formation. This demonstrates that TA systems can impact overall cell physiology by fine-tuning cellular stress responses.
Effect of Catch-Up HPV Vaccination of Young Women [Internet] (2014)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the most common sexually transmitted agent worldwide and more than 100 types of HPV have been identified. Persistent infection with oncogenic HPV is recognized as a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Approximately 70% of cervical cancers in the world are attributed to two of the most common HPV types, 16 and 18.This systematic review was carried out to assess whether the HPV vaccines currently offered to 11 to 12 year-old girls in Norway are also effective as a catch-up vaccination for women up to age 26 in preventing HPV-related diseases.For HPV vaccination of women aged 16 and older: The results show a protective effect of HPV vaccination against Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and higher (CIN2+) associated with the HPV types included in the vaccines (high quality of the evidence), and indicate a protective effect against all CIN2+ lesions (independent of HPV types in the lesions) (moderate quality of evidence). The quadrivalent HPV vaccine protects against genital warts (high quality evidence). Long-term (up to 8 years) follow-up after HPV vaccination indicates little or no difference in the occurrence of serious adverse events when compared to the control groups (moderate quality of evidence).
Centralized and Decentralized ML-Enabled Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks (2022)

Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are a critical enabler of the persistent connectivity vision of sixth-generation networks, as they can service areas where terrestrial infrastructure falls short. However, the integration of these networks with the terrestrial network is laden with obstacles. The dynamic nature of NTN communication scenarios and numerous variables render conventional model-based solutions computationally costly and impracticable for resource allocation, parameter optimization, and other problems. Machine learning (ML)-based solutions, thus, can perform a pivotal role due to their inherent ability to uncover the hidden patterns in time-varying, multi-dimensional data with superior performance and less complexity. Centralized ML (CML) and decentralized ML (DML), named so based on the distribution of the data and computational load, are two classes of ML that are being studied as solutions for the various complications of terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks (TNTN) integration. Both have their benefits and drawbacks under different circumstances, and it is integral to choose the appropriate ML approach for each TNTN integration issue. To this end, this paper goes over the TNTN integration architectures as given in the 3rd generation partnership project standard releases, proposing possible scenarios. Then, the capabilities and challenges of CML and DML are explored from the vantage point of these scenarios.
Cloning of determinants encoding F1652 fimbriae from porcine septicaemic Escherichia coli confirms their identity as F1C fimbriae (1995)

Cloning of the f165(2) operon that encodes F1C-like fimbriae in Escherichia coli indicates that this operon is a member of the S/Foc family. The genetic determinant coding for the F165(2) fimbriae was cloned from the chromosome of the porcine E. coli wild-type strain 4787 (O115:K-1:H51:F165). The cloned F165(2) and the wild-type operon expressed a major fimbrial protein subunit of molecular mass 17.2 kDa that was detected by anti-F165 and anti-F1C polyclonal sera. The sequences of the f165(2)A and f165(2)FGH genes are reported. Major subunit gene f165(2)A encodes a mature protein of 156 amino acids. Minor subunit genes F, G and H encode mature proteins of 148, 145 and 276 amino acids, respectively. The amino acid sequences of the four proteins share similarities with those of the known S and F1C fimbrial antigens that are produced by extraintestinal E. coli which is associated with sepsis, urinary tract infections and newborn meningitis. The F165(2)A protein was identical to the major subunit protein of F1C, with a difference only at the first position. It was also similar, to a lesser extent, to the major subunit proteins of SfaI and SfaII fimbriae. F165(2)F was identical to FocF and SfaG/SfaIIS, and F165(2)H was more closely related to FocG than to SfaIS/SfaIIS, and F165(2)H was more closely related to FocH than to SfaIH/SfaIIH.
Influence of Counter-Face Grit Size and Lubricant on the Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Thermoplastic Polymers Reinforced with Glass Fibres (2023)

Abstract Thermoplastic composite materials are widely used for aerospace, automobile and structural applications due to their good combination of high strength to weight ratio and specific modulus. Combined with the ease of melt processing, good resistance to corrosion, low friction, and noise damping are attributes which make them a popular choice in a wide range of emerging applications. Random, short-fibre, E-glass fibre reinforced Polyamide 6 (PA6) composites were manufactured by injection moulding in three different fibre volume fractions (25%, 33% and 50%) and the samples were scanned using micro-CT. The tribological properties of PA6 and glass fibre reinforced PA6 were investigated in the abrasive wear mode by using a pin-on-disc test setup. The tests were done at an abrading distance of 257 m and applied load of 10 N. The abrasive wear experiments were performed against three abrasive grit size papers (220, 500 and 1000 grit), to ascertain the wear response of the studied materials with respect to these adverse running conditions. Moreover, the mechanical properties of PA6 and PA6 composites were examined using tensile testing and compression testing. The surface roughness of the worn surfaces was analysed using a 3D digital profilometer. The worn surface topographies were scanned using field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was observed that the optimum fibre loading that was associated with the highest wear resistance was 33% volume fraction of glass fibres, and the wear performance deteriorated with higher fibre loadings. The increase in the grit size showed a significant reduction to the wear rates of all compositions. The results confirmed that the wear performance of polyamide composites is highly dependent on the tribological system under which it is being tested. Graphical Abstract
Salt Cress. A Halophyte and Cryophyte Arabidopsis Relative Model System and Its Applicability to Molecular Genetic Analyses of Growth and Development of Extremophiles (2004)

Salt cress (Thellungiella halophila) is a small winter annual crucifer with a short life cycle. It has a small genome (about 2 x Arabidopsis) with high sequence identity (average 92%) with Arabidopsis, and can be genetically transformed by the simple floral dip procedure. It is capable of copious seed production. Salt cress is an extremophile native to harsh environments and can reproduce after exposure to extreme salinity (500 mm NaCl) or cold to -15 degrees C. It is a typical halophyte that accumulates NaCl at controlled rates and also dramatic levels of Pro (>150 mm) during exposure to high salinity. Stomata of salt cress are distributed on the leaf surface at higher density, but are less open than the stomata of Arabidopsis and respond to salt stress by closing more tightly. Leaves of salt cress are more succulent-like, have a second layer of palisade mesophyll cells, and are frequently shed during extreme salt stress. Roots of salt cress develop both an extra endodermis and cortex cell layer compared to Arabidopsis. Salt cress, although salt and cold tolerant, is not exceptionally tolerant of soil desiccation. We have isolated several ethyl methanesulfonate mutants of salt cress that have reduced salinity tolerance, which provide evidence that salt tolerance in this halophyte can be significantly affected by individual genetic loci. Analysis of salt cress expressed sequence tags provides evidence for the presence of paralogs, missing in the Arabidopsis genome, and for genes with abiotic stress-relevant functions. Hybridizations of salt cress RNA targets to an Arabidopsis whole-genome oligonucleotide array indicate that commonly stress-associated transcripts are expressed at a noticeably higher level in unstressed salt cress plants and are induced rapidly under stress. Efficient transformation of salt cress allows for simple gene exchange between Arabidopsis and salt cress. In addition, the generation of T-DNA-tagged mutant collections of salt cress, already in progress, will open the door to a new era of forward and reverse genetic studies of extremophile plant biology.
Three-year Clinical Performance of a Universal Adhesive in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions. (2023)

After 3 years of clinical service, Clearfil Universal Bond Quick performed similarly in etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes with prior selective enamel etching.