gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Load Forecasting In Microgrid Systems With R And Cortana Intelligence Suite (2017)

Energy production optimization has been traditionally very important for utilities in order to improve resource consumption. However, load forecasting is a challenging task, as there are a large number of relevant variables that must be considered, and several strategies have been used to deal with this complex problem. This is especially true also in microgrids where many elements have to adjust their performance depending on the future generation and consumption conditions. The goal of this paper is to present a solution for short-term load forecasting in microgrids, based on three machine learning experiments developed in R and web services built and deployed with different components of Cortana Intelligence Suite: Azure Machine Learning, a fully managed cloud service that enables to easily build, deploy, and share predictive analytics solutions; SQL database, a Microsoft database service for app developers; and PowerBI, a suite of business analytics tools to analyze data and share insights. Our results show that Boosted Decision Tree and Fast Forest Quantile regression methods can be very useful to predict hourly short-term consumption in microgrids; moreover, we found that for these types of forecasting models, weather data (temperature, wind, humidity and dew point) can play a crucial role in improving the accuracy of the forecasting solution. Data cleaning and feature engineering methods performed in R and different types of machine learning algorithms (Boosted Decision Tree, Fast Forest Quantile and ARIMA) will be presented, and results and performance metrics discussed.
Effects of various polishing media and techniques on the surface finish and behavior of laser glasses (1978)

The advance of high-power laser technology is dependent on the rate of advancement in laser glass forming and surface preparation. The threshold damage of glass surfaces continues to be a weak link in the overall advancement of laser technology. Methods were developed and used in the evaluation of existing glass surface preparation techniques. Modified procedures were evaluated to reduce surface contamination and subsurface defects. Polishing rates were monitored under controlled polishing conditions (purity, pH, particle size distribution, particle concentration, etc.). Future work at LLL for this ongoing investigation is described.
A novel system architecture for web scale applications using lightweight CPUs and virtualized I/O (2013)

Large web-scale applications typically use a distributed platform, like clusters of commodity servers, to achieve scalable and low-cost processing. The Map-Reduce framework and its open-source implementation, Hadoop, is commonly used to program these applications. Since these applications scale well with an increased number of servers, the cluster size is an important parameter. Cluster size however is constrained by power consumption. In this paper we present a system that uses low-power CPUs to increase the cluster size in a fixed power budget. Using low-power CPUs leads to the situation where the majority of a server's power is now consumed by the I/O sub-system. To overcome this, we develop a virtualized I/O sub-system where multiple servers share I/O resources. An ASIC based high-bandwidth interconnect fabric, and FPGA based I/O cards implement this virtualized I/O. The resulting system is the first production quality implementation of cluster-in-a-box that uses low-power CPUs. The unique design demonstrates a way to build systems using low-power CPUs, allowing a much larger number of servers in a cluster in the same power envelope. To overcome software inefficiency and increase the utilization of virtualized disk bandwidth, optimizations necessary for the operating system are also discussed. We built hardware based on these ideas and experiments on this system show a 3X average improvement in performance-per-Watt-hour compared to a commodity cluster with the same power budget.
Update on Compatibility Testing of Spray Polyurethane Foam with CPVC (2008)

In response to the growing use of the combination of CPVC and spray polyurethane foam products (SPF) the Center for the Polyurethane Industry (CPI) and the Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance (SPFA), along with Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., a leading CPVC resin manufacturer, have conducted a study which assesses the compatibility of generic SPF and CPVC pipe and fittings. This research program has allowed the industry to assess the chemical, physical, and thermal compatibility of soy and non-soy based closedcell polyurethane foam, soy and non-soy based open-cell polyurethane foam, and one component foam with CPVC pipe and fittings. Industry testing and current ASTM test protocols involve soaking the CPVC pipe in a liquid or solvent material. Foam presents an interesting challenge for compatibility testing since CPVC/foam compatibility does not involve the long term liquid contact of materials. Instead, the contact point is multi-cellular foam on a smooth plastic surface. This paper discusses the outcome of sample testing and includes a physical and analytical assessment of the foam and CPVC. Of particular interest, is the interaction between phosphate ester flame retardants, which have been linked to CPVC pipe failures due to contact with other substances, the long term and short term effects of variables such as foam exotherm, phosphate ester type and concentration, as well as soy polyols. This program will provide a basis for an ongoing industry program to evaluate SPF products with plastic building materials. DISCLAIMER The information and data provided herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without guarantee, warranty or responsibility of any kind, express or implied. Statements or suggestions concerning possible use of products are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement, and are not recommendations to infringe any patent. The user should not assume that all safety measures are indicated herein, or that other measures may not be required. The values presented herein are typical values and are not to be interpreted as product specifications. User assumes all liability for use of the information and results obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Versatile Building Blocks Through Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Functionalized Itaconic Acid Mono‐Esters. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On capacity of relay-assisted communication (2004)

In this paper, we study communication in wireless networks where there is no central control available, like wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. We derive the outage probability of multi-hop communication and study it in detail for a simple linear topology. The results indicate that an appropriate choice of route can lead to large performance gains over alternate routes. In the second part of the paper, we consider the problem of estimating outage-minimizing routes using channel measurements. We show that finding the optimal routes reliably requires many independent channel measurements, which is equivalent to sending multiple route discovery requests. The large overhead in route discovery can prove to be counter-productive in networks which transmit information at the same time-scale as the mobility of nodes.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Natural and Synthetic Compounds Against LDL Oxidation Using CNT Electrode (2013)

In this paper, a novel method for evaluating antioxidant activity against low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation (anti-LDLox) using a carbon nanotube (CNT) based electrode was investigated. Although ORAC and DPPH are known methods to evaluate antioxidant activity, they do not directly reflect the capacities of anti-LDLox. A method has been reported for measuring oxidized LDL using a CNT electrode. We evaluated anti-LDLox by measuring the amount of oxidized LDL using the electrode after incubation of LDL with antioxidants during copper-mediated oxidation. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined for comparison with the CNT electrode. There was a correlation of the CNT electrode with the TBARS and the ORAC, whereas no correlation was found between the CNT electrode and the DPPH. We demonstrate here that a CNT electrode method has a potential for the determination of the antioxidant activity of various natural and synthetic compounds by detecting oxidized LDL.
Plant Hormones and Signal Transduction (2020)

Hormones are naturally occurring molecules, in plants and animals that function as messengers and signalling agents and thus impact growth and behaviour of the organism.
Vernakalant Selectively Prolongs Atrial Refractoriness With No Effect on Ventricular Refractoriness or Defibrillation Threshold in Pigs (2011)

Vernakalant is a novel antiarrhythmic agent that has demonstrated clinical efficacy for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Vernakalant blocks, to various degrees, cardiac sodium and potassium channels with a pattern that suggests atrial selectivity. We hypothesized, therefore, that vernakalant would affect atrial more than ventricular effective refractory period (ERP) and have little or no effect on ventricular defibrillation threshold (DFT). Atrial and ventricular ERP and ventricular DFT were determined before and after treatment with vernakalant or vehicle in 23 anesthetized male mixed-breed pigs. Vernakalant was infused at a rate designed to achieve stable plasma levels similar to those in human clinical trials. Atrial and ventricular ERP were determined by endocardial extrastimuli delivered to the right atria or right ventricle. Defibrillation was achieved using external biphasic shocks delivered through adhesive defibrillation patches placed on the thorax after 10 seconds of electrically induced ventricular fibrillation. The DFT was estimated using the Dixon "up-and-down" method. Vernakalant significantly increased atrial ERP compared with vehicle controls (34 ± 8 versus 9 ± 7 msec, respectively) without significantly affecting ventricular ERP or DFT. This is consistent with atrial selective actions and supports the conclusion that vernakalant does not alter the efficacy of electrical defibrillation.
Branched Chain Amino Acids (2016)

This chapter describes the four most common disorders affecting the degradation of branched chain amino acids: maple syrup urine disease, methylmalonic acidemia, propionic acidemia and isovaleric acidemia. These conditions most commonly present with encephalopathy in the newborn period, although cases with later onset have also been described. Although adult patients are less prone to acute metabolic decompensations, they do develop a number of long-term complications, both neurological and visceral. Management shares features with other disorders of protein metabolism and centers on a low-protein diet and the use of disease-specific amino acid supplements.
Heart-Lung Interactions During Mechanical Ventilation: Analysis via a Cardiopulmonary Simulation Model (2021)

Heart-lung interaction mechanisms are generally not well understood. Mechanical ventilation, for example, accentuates such interactions and could compromise cardiac activity. Thereby, assessment of ventilation-induced changes in cardiac function is considered an unmet clinical need. We believe that mathematical models of the human cardiopulmonary system can provide invaluable insights into such cardiorespiratory interactions. In this article, we aim to use a mathematical model to explain heart-lung interaction phenomena and provide physiologic hypotheses to certain contradictory experimental observations during mechanical ventilation. To accomplish this task, we highlight three model components that play a crucial role in heart-lung interactions: 1) pericardial membrane, 2) interventricular septum, and 3) pulmonary circulation that enables pulmonary capillary compression due to lung inflation. Evaluation of the model's response under simulated ventilation scenarios shows good agreement with experimental data from the literature. A sensitivity analysis is also presented to evaluate the relative impact of the model's highlighted components on the cyclic ventilation-induced changes in cardiac function.
Covalently Interlinked Organic LED Transport Layers via Spin-Coating/Siloxane Condensation (1999)

Robust, conformal, adherent, pinhole-free transport layers for OLEDs have been prepared by crosslinking the proven charge-transporting core structure, triarylamine, via siloxane connections (see Figure and also Cover). Concomitant spin-coating, followed by curing, yields hole transport layers that give efficient LED structures with remarkably low leakage currents.
Preparation and Characterization of Synthetic Polypeptide Single Crystals with Controlled Thickness (2005)

Molecular crystallization provides an experimentally simple way to arrange molecules on the nanoscale. Synthetic polypeptides present the potential to control ultimate crystal structure by design of primary structure and/or secondary structure adjustment in solution during crystallization. In this work, hexagonal single crystals of synthetic poly-l-lysine (PLL) were produced from aqueous solution by the addition of divalent counterions. It was found that PLL having 100−200 amino acids crystallized in an unfolded-chain form with the crystal thickness controlled directly by PLL molecular weight. PLL chains exhibited chain folding in the crystal state when the PLL was greater than 265 residues. PLL with less than 100 residues were not crystallizable under the same crystal growth conditions. X-ray diffraction data revealed that PLL chains had an α-helical secondary structure and hexagonal symmetry in the crystal state. The introduction of divalent counterions is necessary to initiate the crystallization process and stabilize the crystal structure.
alpha-fetoprotein binding specificity for arachidonate, bilirubin, docosahexaenoate, and palmitate. A spin label study. (1980)

A dianionic spin label, 1-L-glutamate-5-N-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-aminopiperidinyl)-i,4-dinitrobenzene, has been used to probe the relative binding specificity of a single anionic ligand site on bovine alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to arachidonate, bilirubin, docosahexaenoate, and plamitate. The binding isotherm of the spin label with AFP, as shown by a Scatchard plot, indicates the presence of a single high affinity binding site. The site-site relationship of the four endogenous ligands, arachidonate, bilirubin, docosahexaenoate, and palmitate, was determined by studying their effectiveness in competing for this anionic ligand binding site on AFP. Scatchard plots of the spin label in the presence of 1 to 3 molar equivalents of arachidonate, bilirubin, and docosahexaenoate and up to 6 molar equivalents of palmitate have been determined. The effectiveness of the four endogenous ligands in displacing the spin label from its primary binding site is bilirubin greater than or equal arachidonate approximately equal to docosahexaenoate greater than palmitate. These results indicate that polyunsaturated essential fatty acids and bilirubin share a high affinity binding site on AFP. We propose that the function of this anionic ligand binding site on AFP is for the transport of bilirubin and polyunsaturated fatty acids in fetal serum, as well as for the cross-placental transfer of this metabolite and of essential fatty acids.
Flow Characteristics and Spillage Mechanisms of Wall-Mounted and Jet-Isolated Range Hoods (2010)

The flow characteristics and oil mist spillages of wall-mounted and jet-isolated range hoods were studied experimentally. Flow patterns were examined using a laser-light, sheet-assisted, smoke flow visualization technique. Spillages were diagnosed by the locally averaged tracer gas concentration test method. Tracer gas concentration test results correlated well with those of flow visualizations. For the wall-mounted hood, primary leakages occur around the region near the front edge of a countertop due to boundary layer separation, as well as the region just below the lower edge of the side panels of the hood due to the expansion effect of plumes. Increasing the suction flow rate above some critical values may help to reduce leakages out of the lateral planes but would increase spillages around the front edge of the countertop. For the jet-isolated range hood, oil mists spread widely and present unsteady motions with a high degree of turbulence because insufficient free air is allowed to enter the space enclosed by the jets and rear wall. Spillages across the jets into the environment due to turbulent dispersion become significant. Increasing the suction flow rate above some critical values may help to reduce spillages, while increasing the jet velocity would increase turbulent dispersion and thus lead to larger leakages.
Abstract LB-227: Truncal activating MAPK and PI3K pathway alterations and exceptional response to dual pathway inhibition in anaplastic thyroid cancer (2016)

Abstract Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is among the most aggressive solid tumors, with a uniformly fatal prognosis. No effective systemic therapies exist. We document a case in which a patient with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) failed to respond to either mTOR or combined RAF/MEK inhibition, but experienced a dramatic response when both drug regimens were combined. Methods and Results: Nine biopsies of the tumor were obtained between diagnosis and autopsy. Multi-region whole-exome sequencing revealed truncal BRAF and PIK3CA mutations, which are known to activate the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways respectively. We performed the largest meta-analysis of ATC to date and found a 7.4% co-occurrence of MAPK and PI3K pathway alterations in ATC. We analyzed 5,255 cancer exomes in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to determine whether similar cancer genomes occurred outside of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. We identified 11 tumors with BRAF V600E and non-silent PIK3CA mutations. These results indicate that this genotype occurs in other cancers and may predict response to combined therapy. Conclusions and future directions: We have identified a patient with ATC who had a dramatic response to combined inhibition of the MAPK and PI3K pathways, whereas neither MAPK inhibition nor PI3K inhibition alone was sufficient to produce tumor regression. These observations suggest that MAPK and PI3K/MTOR pathway blockade represents an effective dual therapy aimed at the founding oncogenic lesions in a subset of ATC. Citation Format: William J. Gibson, Daniel T. Ruan, Vera A. Paulson, Justine A. Barletta, Glenn J. Hanna, Stefan Kraft, Antonio Calles, Matthew Nehs, Francis Moore, Amaro Taylor-Weiner, Jeremiah Wala, Travis Zack, Thomas Lee, Fiona Fennessy, Erik Alexander, Tom Thomas, Pasi Jäne, Levi Garraway, Scott Carter, Rameen Beroukhim, Jochen Lorch, Eliezer Van Allen. Truncal activating MAPK and PI3K pathway alterations and exceptional response to dual pathway inhibition in anaplastic thyroid cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-227.
Pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomisation analysis (2017)

Results from our analysis are broadly consistent with a pro-inflammatory FA profile having a detrimental effect in terms of CRC risk.
Role of Immunophilins in Recovery of Erectile Function After Cavernous Nerve Injury (2009)

The findings support the hypothesis that immunophilin ligands, working through specific receptor mechanisms that are specific to injured CN, are potentially useful to sustain erectile function in men following radical prostatectomy.
Amelioration of radiation esophagitis by orally administered p53/Mdm2/Mdm4 inhibitor (BEB55) or GS-nitroxide. (2012)

Intraesophageal BEB55 and JP4-039 compared to formulation alone increased survival after single fraction (p=0.0209 and 0.0384, respectively) and four fraction thoracic irradiation (p=0.0241 and 0.0388, respectively). JP4-039 was detected in esophagus, liver, bone marrow, and orthotopic Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) tumor. There was no significant radiation protection of lung tumors by BEB55 or JP4-039 compared to formulation only as assessed by survival (p=0.3021 and 0.3693, respectively). Thus, BEB55 and JP4-039 safely ameliorate radiation esophagitis in mice.
Nonlinear rheology of hyperbranched polyisobutylene (2002)

The nonlinear shear rheology of a hyperbranched polyisobutylene (PIB) with narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=1.3) was compared to that of a polydisperse (Mw/Mn=2.5) linear PIB. After adjusting the respective measurement temperatures to yield equal shear viscosities, the rheology was found to be quite similar for the two polymers, notwithstanding their markedly different structures. These similarities persisted in capillary extrusion experiments at moderate shear rates, on the compounds reinforced with carbon black. However, at higher shear rates, the linear PIB exhibits a greater elastic response, with consequently larger extrudate swell.
Generation of new coherent light states using III-V semiconductor laser technology: VORTEX, continuum, dual frequency for THz and integration (2017)

International audience
Abnormal photocurrent–voltage behavior of GaAs/AlGaAs multiple shallow quantum well p-i-n diodes (1998)

We have observed the abnormal photocurrent–voltage (I–V) behavior in GaAs/AlGaAs multiple shallow quantum wells p-i-n diodes. Under the illumination of a laser, two current plateaus were developed at the negative conductance region of the I–V curve, along with some hystereses depending on the scan direction. At the first plateau, two major oscillations of ∼120 kHz and ∼37 MHz were observed with several minor oscillations of frequencies below the latter, while this latter component was uniquely at the other plateau. Analyzing the electrical and the optical oscillations, we explain that one hysteresis at the first plateau was due to the low frequency bias-circuit oscillations, whereas the other at the next plateau was attributed to the intrinsic behavior of the p-i-n diode.