gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AN INVESTIGATIONAL STUDY OF PORCINE SMALL INTESTINE SUBMUCOSA (PSIS) FOR ANTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT REPLACEMENT AND ANTI-ADHESION FOLLOWING TOTAL DISC ARTHROPLASTY. AN IN-VIVO NON-HUMAN PRIMATE MODEL (2005)

Introduction Using a non-human primate model, the purpose of this in-vivo investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of porcine small intestine submucosa (PSIS) for anterior longitudinal ligament replacement and as an anti-adhesion barrier following total disc arthroplasty. Success criteria were based on post-mortem vascular adhesion tenacity scores, biomechanical, histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Methods A total of ten mature male baboons (Papio cynocephalus) were included in the current study and followed for a period of six-months post-operatively. Each animal underwent an anterior transperitoneal approach followed by a total disc arthroplasty procedure at L5-L6 using one of the following treatments: (1) Charite Disc Prosthesis alone (n=5) or (2) Charite Disc Prosthesis + PSIS (n=5). Following anterior annular and anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) resection, complete diskectomy and endplate decortication, the Charite Device (Size 1) was implanted according to the manufacturer’s specifications. The PSIS material (40mm x 30mm width) was secured across the operative site using surgical bone staples with the abluminal side oriented towards the bone. Post-mortem analysis included vascular adhesion tenacity scores (0–5), histopathology of the operative site ALL, non-destructive biomechanical testing and histomorphometry. Results All animals survived the operative procedure and post-operative interval without significant intra- or peri-operative complication. Vascular adhesion tenacity scores were markedly lower for the PSIS treatments (14/25) versus the Charite alone (20/25) (p=0.057). Gross histopathological analysis demonstrated disorganized collagenous matrix anteriorly spanning the disc arthroplasty site in 4/5 (80%) of the PSIS specimens compared to 2/5 (40%) for the Charite alone treatments. Plain film radiographic analysis showed no lucencies or loosening of any prosthetic vertebral endplate. Multi-directional flexibility testing demonstrated increased range of motion for both treatment groups under axial rotation and decreased motion in lateral bending when compared to the intact spine condition (p Discussion Using a non-human primate model, the current study investigated in-vivo response to PSIS following total disc arthroplasty. Surgical application of the PSIS appears to reduce great vessel adhesion and improve regeneration of collagenous tissues at the operative disc space. However, there were no differences in the operative segment range of motion or neutral zone when comparing the two treatments. The current study serves as a basic scientific basis for ongoing clinical investigations into the use and efficacy of PSIS material following total disc arthroplasty.
Isolation and characterization of the mouse CD8 beta -chain (Ly-3) genes. Absence of an intervening sequence between V- and J-like gene segments. (1989)

We have isolated and determined the nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of the genes encoding Ly-3.1 and Ly-3.2. These genes span approximately 14 kb on chromosome 6 and consist of six exons and five introns. The exons correlate roughly with the putative functional domains, namely, a leader exon, a variable and joining region-like exon, a hinge region-like exon, a transmembrane exon, and two intracytoplasmic exons. There is no intervening sequence between V- and J-like gene segments, indicating that rearrangement is not necessary for the expression of the Ly-3 gene. In the 5'-flanking region there is no "TATA" box nor "CAAT" box; however, three "GC" boxes are located upstream of the ATG initiator codon. There are short stretches of sequence homologous to 5'-flanking sequences of the Ly-2 gene. In addition, the sequences CTCTGTGGCA at -748 exhibits homology to the enhancer core sequence of the human Ig H chain and TCR genes. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence corresponding to the extracellular portion between Ly-3.1 and Ly-3.2 revealed a single base difference which results in an amino acid substitution. Therefore it is likely that this amino acid difference is responsible for the previously defined Ly-3 allotypes.
Effect of human-machine cooperation on driving comfort in highly automated steering maneuvers (2019)

Automated driving technology is being developed to reduce driver workloads and improve driving safety. However, how connected drivers feel to the control of their vehicles can be a critical factor in driving comfort. In this paper, we discuss a highly automated and human-machine cooperative steering system. Our prototype system regulates driver's steering maneuvers under supervision by automation and also applies guidance torque for physical interaction between a driver and the automation. To evaluate driving comfort and driver behaviors during the cooperation, experiments were conducted with a driving simulator. The results from 20 participants show that drivers who assertively participated in cooperative steering tended to feel safer and more pleasure than in fully automated-like steering.
Production of organics from CO2 by microbial electrosynthesis (MES) at high temperature (2016)

Abstract BACKGROUND Microbial electrosynthesis ( MES ), a process by which microorganisms reduce carbon dioxide to multi‐carbon compounds using electrical current as energy source, has so far been demonstrated at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 37 °C. Elevated operating temperatures, however, could improve overall performance and product recovery. Here the effect of temperature on MES by the acetogenic thermophiles Moorella thermoacetica and Moorella thermoautotrophica is investigated . RESULTS Experiments were performed at operating temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 70 °C to determine the optimum operating temperature for MES . Optimal performance was observed to be close to the optimum growth temperatures reported for these strains. Production rate and activation energy of acetate at 60 °C was 6.9 ± 0.6 mM m −2 d −1 and 45.1 ± 3.8 kJ mol −1 for M. thermoacetica and 11.6 ± 0.9 mM m −2 d −1 and 58.9 ± 2.5 kJ mol −1 for M. thermoautotrophica with columbic efficiencies ( CE ) of 79 ± 15% and 72 ± 4%, respectively. CONCLUSION Considering CE and acetate production rate during MES , M. thermoautotrophica outperformed M. thermoacetica over a wide range of operating temperatures. Current‐dependent reduction of CO 2 also occurred below the minimum growth temperature of these strains, suggesting that MES is non‐growth associated. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
[D79] A vibrotactile sensory substitution device for the deaf and profoundly hearing impaired (2014)

There are at least 2 million functionally deaf individuals in the United States alone and an estimated 53 million worldwide. The cochlear implant (CI) is an effective solution for regaining hearing capabilities for certain populations within this group, but not for all. First, CIs are expensive, ranging from $40,000 to $90,000 depending on the age of the recipient. This places CIs out of economic reach for many. Second, CIs require invasive surgery. Third, there is low efficacy of late CI implantation in early-onset deaf adults. Given these considerations, there are millions of deaf individuals who would benefit from a hearing replacement that has low cost, does not involve an invasive procedure, and may have a higher efficacy for early-onset deaf adults. To this end, we are developing a low-cost, non-invasive, plasticity-based solution to deliver auditory information to the brain. Specifically, we are developing a “vibratory vest” by which auditory information is captured, digitally processed, and delivered to the skin of the torso using small vibratory motors. The term for such a Technologynique is sensory substitution, and has previously proven successful in allowing those who are blind to have visual experience through the tongue or skin. In this poster, we will present our fully functional, real-time, Bluetooth-operated prototype, and demonstrate our results from several speech perception experiments.
3-bit read scheme for single layer Ta2O5 ReRAM (2014)

Complementary switching mechanism allows for distinguishing between different physical orientations of the conductive filament. In addition to the multilevel capability of single layer Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5 </sub> devices, 3-bit information can also be stored and read in a single device. In this report, we present a novel read scheme, allowing for distinguishing 8 different states only by using 4 different resistive states with the pulse measurements. Variability and cycle-to-cycle stability of the single layer Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> complementary switching are also discussed in details.
<title>Video semaphore decoding for free-space optical communication</title> (2001)

Using teal-time image processing we have demonstrated a low bit-rate free-space optical communication system at a range of more than 20km with an average optical transmission power of less than 2mW. The transmitter is an autonomous one cubic inch microprocessor-controlled sensor node with a laser diode output. The receiver is a standard CCD camera with a 1-inch aperture lens, and both hardware and software implementations of the video semaphore decoding algorithm. With this system sensor data can be reliably transmitted 21 km form San Francisco to Berkeley.
Two-Dimensional Nanocrystals Produced by Exfoliation of Ti3AlC2 (2023)

Typically two-dimensional (2D) free-standing crystals exhibit properties that differ from those of their three dimensional (3D) counterparts. Currently, however, there are relatively few such atomically layered solids. Arguably the most studied freestanding 2D material is graphene, which was produced by mechanical exfoliation into single-layers in 2004. Mechanical deformation of the MAX phases, which is mediated by basal dislocations and is quite anisotropic, can lead to partial delamination and formation of lamellas with thicknesses that range from tens to hundreds of nanometers. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations also predict that the electronic properties of the exfoliated layers are a function of surface termination. Theoretical calculations were performed using DFT using the plane-wave pseudopotential approach, with ultrasoft pseudopotentials and Perdew Burke Ernzerhof exchange Wu–Cohen correlation functional, as implemented in the CASTEP code in Material Studio software.
Detailed genetic mapping of the von Hippel-Lindau disease tumour suppressor gene. (1993)

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant inherited familial cancer syndrome characterised by a predisposition to the development of retinal, cerebellar, and spinal haemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, and phaeochromocytoma. The gene for VHL disease has been mapped to chromosome 3p25-p26 and flanking markers identified. We report the detailed genetic mapping of the VHL disease locus in 38 families. Significant linkage was detected between VHL disease and D3S601 (Zmax = 18.86 at theta = 0.0, CI 0.0-0.025), D3S18 (Zmax = 11.42 at theta = 0.03, CI 0.005-0.08), RAF1 (Zmax = 11.02 at theta = 0.04, CI 0.007-0.01), and D3S1250 (Zmax = 4.73 at theta = 0.05, CI 0.005-0.15). Multipoint linkage analysis mapped the VHL disease locus between D3S1250 and D3S18 close to D3S601. There was no evidence of locus heterogeneity. This study has (1) confirmed the tight linkage between VHL disease and D3S601, (2) identified D3S1250 as the first marker telomeric to RAF1 which maps centromeric to the VHL disease gene, and (3) narrowed the target region for isolation of the VHL disease gene by positional cloning techniques to a 4 cM interval between D3S1250 and D3S18. These findings will improve the clinical management of families with VHL disease by improving the accuracy of presymptomatic diagnosis using linked DNA markers, and will enhance progress towards isolating the VHL disease gene.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocycles Containing Five Pyrrole Subunits: The Iso‐oxopentaphyrin System (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multi-mode polarization of a negative-resonance metamaterial antenna (2015)

A low-profile and miniature antenna is developed to host circular polarization(CP). Primarily, the dual-mode CP, say RHCP and LHCP, is created by the currents at the two orthogonal negative resonance modes of a flat metamaterial antenna as the authors' work back in 2012-2013. Secondarily, this structure is extended to a - 1st-resonance mode array antenna with the dual sequential rotation CP performance and increased antenna gain, which is unprecedented.
Oversight of Pathogen Research Must Be Carefully Calibrated and Clearly Defined (2023)

By providing consultation to the United States Government (USG) on matters of biosecurity, the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) plays a critical role in ensuring the safety of biomedical research in the United States.
Supplementary Methods and Results from Selectin Ligand Sialyl-Lewis x Antigen Drives Metastasis of Hormone-Dependent Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 148K&lt;/p&gt;
A quality control program for MR‐guided focused ultrasound ablation therapy (2002)

In this study, we propose a quality control program for MR-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) ablation treatment to assess FUS beam positioning accuracy, FUS power delivery accuracy, MR imaging quality, and FUS ablation system safety. A total of 353 sonication points in Lucite cards were measured, the average placement errors were -0.06 mm in the SI direction and -0.04 mm in the LR direction. Temperature elevation was calculated from MR phase difference images and the measured water proton chemical shift (WPCS) temperature coefficient. WPCS temperature calibration for phantoms yielded a temperature coefficient of 0.011 ppm/degree C. Sixteen experiments were conducted using six different phantoms to test the reliability of FUS power delivery. SNR and RF power calculated from phantom images were analyzed and stored at the MR console. A computer program was developed to integrate the system power delivery and the MR image quality control into one automated process. In the clinical trial at our institution, we expect this quality control program to be carried out before each patient treatment. If measured quality control values exceeds or below the preset values, a system service and retest should be conducted before the treatment.
Supplementary Figure Legend from MicroRNA-21 Knockdown Disrupts Glioma Growth <i>In vivo</i> and Displays Synergistic Cytotoxicity with Neural Precursor Cell–Delivered S-TRAIL in Human Gliomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legend from MicroRNA-21 Knockdown Disrupts Glioma Growth &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; and Displays Synergistic Cytotoxicity with Neural Precursor Cell–Delivered S-TRAIL in Human Gliomas
Demonstration of Extensible Threshold-Based Streaming Telemetry for Open DWDM Analytics and Verification (2020)

A novel and practical threshold-based extension of streaming telemetry that advances open WDM analytics and introduces network verification, is demonstrated employing an extensible NOS application agent combined with standard NETCONF/YANG and open-source software technologies.
Status of alien fish species in the Western Ghats (India) as revealed from 2000-2004 surveys and literature analyses (2012)

Summary The objective of this study was to provide an inventory on alien fish species based on literature analysis and sampling surveys over 4 years, covering 465 locations of 25 river systems in Western Ghats, India. Thirty-two species of seven orders and 10 families have so far been recorded in the published literature as alien fishes in the Western Ghats. Cyprinidae encompassed the largest number of species with 14 members, followed by Poeciliidae with four and Channidae with three members. Nineteen alien fish species were delineated during the fish inventory surveys, of which the freshwater garfish Xenentodon cancila, snakehead murrel Channa striata and Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus far exceeded other species in the number of river systems (23, 20 and 15 respectively) and locations (29, 26 and 24 respectively) where the species were encountered. Pool and reservoir habitats exhibited the highest distribution of alien fishes. Oreochromis mossambicus (pool, run, riffle and reservoir) and Poecilia reticulata (pool, run, cascade and reservoir) were found in the highest number of habitats. The results demonstrate that alien fishes have extensively colonized the river systems in the Western Ghats. A comprehensive risk assessment to ascertain the potential impacts of the alien fishes is very necessary to formulate appropriate management plans for control of alien fish invasions and conserve native fishes in the Western Ghats.
Predicting Pregnancy Outcome by the Observation of a Gestational Sac or of Early Fetal Cardiac Motion with Transvaginal Ultrasonography (1991)

Transvaginal ultrasound (US) allows for observation of the gestational sac and cardiac motion as early as 3 and 4 weeks after ovulation, respectively. The purpose of this study was to determine how well the first observation of cardiac motion, using weekly transvaginal US examinations, predicted pregnancy outcome. Three hundred sixteen pregnancies wherein the date of ovulation was known and a single gestational sac was visualized at 3 weeks after ovulation were studied. Cardiac motion was first detected at 4 weeks after ovulation in 226 (71.5%), and at 5 weeks in 67 (21.2%). In 23 patients, cardiac motion was never observed. In those patients with cardiac motion visible at 4 weeks after ovulation, 94.2% have subsequently delivered viable infants. This contrasts with only 70.1% for those patients who first had observable cardiac motion 1 week later (P = 6.7 X 10(-6]. This study demonstrates that the solo finding of a gestational sac is a poor predictor of pregnancy outcome (82.3% accurate) and that the earlier that cardiac motion is initially observed, the better the pregnancy prognosis.
Data from Circulating B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Display Impaired Migration to Lymph Nodes and Bone Marrow (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Homing to secondary lymphoid organs and bone marrow (BM) is a central aspect of leukemic pathophysiology. We investigated the roles of the two major lymphocyte integrins LFA-1 and VLA-4 on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells in these processes. We found that the majority of CLL cells expressed significantly reduced LFA-1 due to low β2 integrin transcripts. VLA-4 expression was heterogenous but underwent rapid activation by the BM chemokine CXCL12. CLL cells failed to transmigrate across VCAM-1–expressing, ICAM-1–expressing, and CXCL12-expressing endothelium, whereas when LFA-1 expression was regained in subsets of CLL cells, these lymphocytes rapidly transmigrated the endothelium. Furthermore, when injected into tail veins of immunodeficient mice, normal B cells rapidly homed to lymph nodes (LN) in a LFA-1–dependent manner, whereas CLL cells did not. Nevertheless, only residual CLL subsets could reenter BM, whereas both normal and CLL cells homed to the mice spleen in an LFA-1–independent and VLA-4–independent manner. Our results suggest that CLL cells have a reduced capacity to adhere and transmigrate through multiple vascular endothelial beds and poorly home to lymphoid organs other than spleen. Integrin blocking could thus be an efficient strategy to prevent circulating CLL cells from reaching prosurvival niches in LNs and BM but not in spleen. [Cancer Res 2009;69(7):OF3121–30]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A role for Ultraspiracle, the Drosophila RXR, in morphogenetic furrow movement and photoreceptor cluster formation (1997)

Many of the same genes needed for proper eye and limb development in vertebrates, such as hairy, hedgehog, patched and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A, are responsible for patterning Drosophila imaginal discs, the tissues that will give rise to the adult cuticle structures. This is well demonstrated in the control of morphogenetic furrow movement and differentiation in the eye imaginal disc. We report that ultraspiracle, the gene encoding the Drosophila cognate of the Retinoid X Receptor, is required for normal morphogenetic furrow movement and ommatidial cluster formation. Examination of the expression of genes involved in regulating the furrow suggests that ultraspiracle defines a novel regulatory pathway in eye differentiation.
Experiments on Multiwavelength Selective Crossbar Switches (2020)

We present the summary of experimental results on multiple generations of multiwavelength selective crossbar switches designed and fabricated in silicon photonics platform as a part of AIM Photonics. We report CW measurements of 8 × 4 and 4 × 4 switches. The latest generation of the switch improved worst case path losses by 75 % as compared with the first. We also demonstrate error free transmission in the presence of incoherent crosstalk with multiple crosstalk sources with 40 Gbps non return to zero signal and 111 Gbps four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) transmission with hard decision forward error correction limit.
Modeling of Low-Temperature Fuel Cell Electrodes Using Non-Precious Metal Catalysts (2015)

An electrode-scale, transport model for a proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode is presented. The model describes the performance of non-precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in a fuel cell context. Because of its relatively high thickness, emphasis is placed on phenomena occurring in the cathode layer. Water flooding is studied in terms of its impact on gas-phase transport and on electrochemically accessible surface area (ECSA). Although cathode performance in both air and oxygen are susceptible to ECSA loss, gas diffusion limitations at high current density in air are more significant. In oxygen, catalyst utilization at high current density is primarily limited by conductivity. For this reason, air fuel cell data is recommended over oxygen data for characterizing catalyst performance. Due to both ohmic and mass transport limitations, increased loading of low-cost catalysts does not necessarily lead to higher performance. Therefore, careful optimization of catalyst layer thickness is required.
Regression Prior Networks (2020)

Prior Networks are a recently developed class of models which yield interpretable measures of uncertainty and have been shown to outperform state-of-the-art ensemble approaches on a range of tasks. They can also be used to distill an ensemble of models via Ensemble Distribution Distillation (EnD$^2$), such that its accuracy, calibration and uncertainty estimates are retained within a single model. However, Prior Networks have so far been developed only for classification tasks. This work extends Prior Networks and EnD$^2$ to regression tasks by considering the Normal-Wishart distribution. The properties of Regression Prior Networks are demonstrated on synthetic data, selected UCI datasets and a monocular depth estimation task, where they yield performance competitive with ensemble approaches.