gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sintering Additives on Superplastic Deformation of Nano‐Sized β‐Silicon Nitride Ceramics (2006)

The effect of sintering additives on superplastic deformation of nano‐sized β‐Si 3 N 4 ceramics has been studied by compression tests at 1500°C. The sintering additives were (i) Y 2 O 3 +Al 2 O 3 ; (ii) Y 2 O 3 +MgO; and (iii) Y 2 O 3 . Nano‐sized Si 3 N 4 ceramics with different sintering additives had similar microstructures. For the first two sintering additives, the stress exponents were determined to be ∼2 at a lower stress region and ∼1 at a higher stress region, where the strain rate was dependent on sintering additives only at the higher stress region, and was independent at the lower stress region. Nano‐ceramics with Y 2 O 3 additives had only one region, which had a stress exponent of ∼1 within the stress range that we studied. The results could be explained by the different deformation mechanisms at the higher and lower stress regions and the influence of viscosity of liquid phase on the transition stress.
Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Actively Brazed Alumina Specimens (1999)

Alumina (94 and 99.8% grade compositions) was brazed directly to itself with gold-based active brazing alloys (ABA's) containing vanadium additions of 1,2 and 3 weight percent. The effects of brazing conditions on the joint properties were investigated. Wetting behavior, interfacial reactions, microstructure, hermeticity and tensile strength were determined. Wetting was fair to good for the ABA and base material combinations. Microanalysis identified a discontinuous Al-V-O spinel reaction product at the alumina-braze interface. Tensile strength results for 94% alumina were uniformly good and generally not sensitive to the vanadium concentration, with tensile values of 85-105 MPa. There was more variability in the 99.8% alumina strength results, with values ranging from 25-95 MPa. The highest vanadium concentration (3 wt. %) yielded the highest joint strength for the brazed 99.8% alumina. Failures in the 99.8% alumina samples occurred at the braze-alumina interface, while the 94% alumina specimens exhibited fracture of the ceramic substrate.
Pertussis Vaccine (2009)

A critical level of serum IgG pertussis toxin antibody is both essential and sufficient to confer individual and herd immunity to pertussis. Monocomponent pertussis toxoid conferred such immunity in Sweden and in Denmark. We refute the notion that filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin, and fimbriae add to the immunity conferred by pertussis toxoid and describe the artifact created when efficacy is estimated for multicomponent pertussis vaccines. Lastly, the genetically-inactivated mutant pertussis toxoid is safer, more immunogenic, and should be more effective than the current chemically-inactivated pertussis toxin.
A 5G-Based eHealth Monitoring and Emergency Response System: Experience and Lessons Learned (2021)

5G is being deployed in major cities across the globe. Although the benefits brought by the new 5G air interface will be numerous, 5G is more than just an evolution of the radio technology. New concepts, such as the application of network softwarization and programmability paradigms to the overall network design, the reduced latency promised by edge computing or the concept of network slicing – just to cite some of them – will open the door to new vertical-specific services, even capable of saving more lives. This article discusses the implementation and validation of an eHealth service specially tailored for the Emergency Services of the Madrid Municipality. This new vertical application makes use of the novel characteristics of 5G, enabling dynamic instantiation of services at the edge, federation of domains and execution of real on-the-field augmented reality. The article provides an explanation of the design of the use case and its real life implementation and demonstration in collaboration with the Madrid emergency response team. The major outcome of this work is a real-life proof-of-concept of this system, which can reduce the time required to respond to an emergency in minutes and perform more efficient triage, increasing the chances of saving lives.
Glucocorticoid-regulated expression from the 5'-flanking region of the rat alpha 1-acid glycoprotein gene. Requirement for ongoing protein synthesis. (1987)

The induction of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) mRNA by glucocorticoids in rat hepatoma cells requires ongoing protein synthesis. Here we show that the 5'-flanking region of the AGP gene confers glucocorticoid responsiveness on the expression of heterologous coding sequences. Moreover, the induction of beta-globin mRNA directed by the AGP promoter is inhibited by concurrent treatment with cycloheximide, thereby suggesting that the requirement for protein synthesis is mediated through 5'-flanking sequences. Analysis of the effects of varying durations of cycloheximide treatment indicates that both the endogenous AGP gene and the transfected AGP-beta-globin chimeric gene are induced normally by dexamethasone during the first 1-2h of concurrent treatment. In addition, pretreatment with cycloheximide yields a decrease in the subsequent induction of both beta-globin and AGP RNAs. These data support the notion that a pre-existing and labile protein, perhaps in concert with the glucocorticoid receptor, acts through the 5'-flanking region of the AGP gene to stimulate transcription from the AGP promoter.
High-power CMOS-compatible photonic integrated thulium-doped distributed feedback laser (2016)

We report a high power CMOS-compatible thulium-doped distributed feedback laser with single-mode output power up to 267 mW, 14% slope efficiency, and >70dB side mode suppression ratio.
Lactobacillus prophylaxis for diarrhea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (1981)

In vitro and animal experiments indicated that lactobacilli might prevent Escherichia coli from colonizing the intestine and may produce substances counteracting enterotoxin. Lactinex, a commercial preparation of dried Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. bulgaricus, is marketed for uncomplicated diarrhea. Preliminary experiments in nonfasting volunteers indicated that lactobacilli in this preparation colonized the small intestine for up to 6 h. To evaluate the protective efficacy of Lactinex, a double-blind randomized study was carried out in which 48 volunteers (23 receiving Lactinex and 25 receiving placebos) were challenged with E. coli strains that produced heat-stable or heat-labile enterotoxins or both. No significant differences between the two groups were noted with respect to attack rate, incubation period, duration of diarrhea, volume and number of liquid stools, and coproculture yields. These data suggest that this lactobacillus preparations does not prevent or alter the course of enterotoxigenic E. coli diarrhea in adults. Lack of efficacy occurred despite efforts to maximize small bowel colonization, including administration of Lactinex in milk and in a 6-hour-interval regimen during 36 h before and 96 h after challenge.
Tuning the band gap of easily oxidized bis(2-thienyl)- and bis(2-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene))-phenylene polymers (1998)

The synthesis, characterization and electrochemical polymerization, along with redox switching behavior of the resultant polymers, of 1,4-bis(2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy)thienyl)–2,5-difluorobenzene (1) and 1,4-bis(2-thienyl)–2,5-difluorobenzene (2) is presented. Compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized by a Pd°-catalyzed cross-coupling and in good yields (85% and 84%, respectively). Both monomers electropolymerize to form electroactive redox switchable films, with the more electron-rich 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene derivative polymerizing and switching at lower potentials. The electronic band gaps were determined to be 1.9 eV for P1 and 2.3 eV for P2. Thin films of P1 and P2 were found to be electrochromic and exhibit color changes of red-to-blue/black for P1 and yellow-to-black for P2. These results are compared with various substituted bis(heterocycle)benzene derivatives in order to present a series of structure to property relationships. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From bench to bedside with advanced dual-axes confocal microendoscope (2010)

This paper describes the design, and implementation of novel dual-axes confocal microscopes that use separate optical axes for illumination and collection of light. This configuration can achieve subcellular resolution (< 5 ¿m) with deep tissue penetration (> 300 ¿m), high dynamic range, and large field of view. Moreover, scalability down to millimeter dimensions with a diffraction limited focal volume is achieved with use of post-objective scanning, a MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) micro-mirror, and fiber optic coupling. The miniature DAC microscope operating at 785-nm-wavelength achieves full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) transverse and axial resolutions of 5 ¿m and 6 ¿m, respectively. This instrument can be used to perform real time histopathology in the epithelium of hollow organs for longitudinal studies in small animals.
Mice lacking PC1/3 expression in POMC-expressing cells do not develop obesity (2021)

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons form an integral part of the central melanocortin system regulating food intake and energy expenditure. Genetic and pharmacological studies have revealed that defects in POMC synthesis, processing, and receptor signaling lead to obesity. It is well established that POMC is extensively processed by a series of enzymes, including prohormone convertases PC1/3 and PC2, and that genetic insufficiency of both PC1/3 and POMC is strongly associated with obesity risk. However, whether PC1/3-mediated POMC processing is absolutely tied to body weight regulation is not known. To investigate this question, we generated a Pomc-CreER T2; Pcsk1 lox/lox mouse model in which Pcsk1 is specifically and temporally knocked out in POMC-expressing cells of adult mice by injecting tamoxifen at eight weeks of age. We then measured the impact of Pcsk1 deletion on POMC cleavage to ACTH and α-MSH, and on body weight. In whole pituitary, POMC cleavage was significantly impacted by the loss of Pcsk1, while hypothalamic POMC-derived peptide levels remained similar in all genotypes. However, intact POMC levels were greatly elevated in Pomc-CreER T2; Pcsk1 lox/lox mice. Males expressed two-fold greater levels of pituitary PC1/3 protein than females, consistent with their increased POMC cleavage. Past studies show that mice with germline removal of PC1/3 do not develop obesity, while mice expressing mutant PC1/3 forms do develop obesity. We conclude that obesity pathways are not disrupted by PC1/3 loss solely in POMC-expressing cells, further disfavoring the idea that alterations in POMC processing underlie obesity in PCSK1 deficiency.
Two-dimensional, vision-based &#x03BC;N force sensor for microrobotics (2009)

We present a two-dimensional, vision-based force sensor, capable of sensing muN level forces. There are currently no reliable, off-the-shelf, commercially-available force sensors to measure forces at this scale, that can be easily integrated into standard microrobotic test-beds. Our design consists of a planar, elastic mechanism with known force-deflection characteristics. A CCD camera is used to track the deformation of the mechanism as it is used to manipulate objects in a micro/meso-scale robotic manipulation test-bed. By observing the displacements of select points in the mechanism, the manipulation forces can be estimated. The modeling, design, microfabrication, calibration and experimental validation of the force sensor are presented with a brief discussion of an application to a robotic manipulation tasks such as microassembly.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Small-Molecule RA-9 Inhibits Proteasome-Associated DUBs and Ovarian Cancer <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> via Exacerbating Unfolded Protein Responses (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 722KB, Dose- and time-dependent accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins following RA-9 exposure.&lt;/p&gt;
Impact of diabetes mellitus and hepatitis B virus coinfection on patients with chronic hepatitis C: A territory‐wide cohort study (2017)

Hepatitis B virus coinfection and DM were independent risk factors for death in Hong Kong CHC patients. Antiviral treatment for HCV but not HBV was a protective factor against death.
Structural Details as Clues to Understanding Nacre Formation (2000)

Abstract Mollusk nacre, the opalescent lining of shells such as abalone, has a fracture toughness about 3000 times greater than that of aragonite (CaCO3), the mineral of which it is almost entirely composed. Since it owes its fracture strength and toughness to its composite organic/inorganic microstructure, details of nacre formation provide clues for materials scientists hoping to mimic nacre's microstructure in fracture-resistant synthetic materials. TEM and SEM provide detailed structural information, which contributes to the understanding of nacre. An abalone shell was fractured to expose the stacked-plate morphology for imaging in a Philips XL30 FEG-SEM. Also, an ion-milled, cross sectional sample was prepared for imaging in a Philips CM200 FEG-TEM. While SEM shows tablets of aragonite with a highly uniform thickness of 0.5 μm, stacked in interdigitated columns (Fig. 1), cross-sectional TEM reveals organic layers, ∼10 nm thick, which separate the aragonite lamella (Fig. 2), consistent with previous studies.
DNMT1 inhibition by pUG-fold quadruplex RNA (2022)

ABSTRACT Aberrant DNA methylation is one of the earliest hallmarks of cancer. DNMT1 is responsible for methylating newly replicated DNA, but the precise regulation of DNMT1 to ensure faithful DNA methylation remains poorly understood. A link between RNA and chromatin-associated proteins has recently emerged, and several studies have shown that DNMT1 can be regulated by a variety of RNAs. In this study we have confirmed that human DNMT1 indeed interacts with multiple RNAs, including its own nuclear mRNA. Unexpectedly, we found that DNMT1 exhibits a strong and specific affinity for GU-rich RNAs that form a pUG-fold, a non-canonical G-quadruplex. We find that pUG-fold-capable RNAs inhibit DNMT1 activity by inhibiting binding of hemimethylated DNA, and additionally provide evidence for multiple RNA binding modes with DNMT1. Together, our data indicates that a human chromatin-associated protein binds to and is regulated by pUG-fold RNA.
The Cost-effectiveness of Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (2010)

In selected patients with FBSS, SCS is cost effective both as an adjunct to CMM and as an alternative to reoperation. Despite their initial increased expense, rechargeable IPGs should be considered when IPG longevity is likely to be short.
High-efficiency solar cells based on Cu(InAl)Se2 thin films (2002)

A Cu(InAl)Se2 solar cell with 16.9% efficiency is demonstrated using a Cu(InAl)Se2 thin film deposited by four-source elemental evaporation and a device structure of glass/Mo/Cu(InAl)Se2/CdS/ZnO/indium tin oxide/(Ni/Algrid)/MgF2. A key to high efficiency is improved adhesion between the Cu(InAl)Se2 and the Mo back contact layer, provided by a 5-nm-thick Ga interlayer, which enabled the Cu(InAl)Se2 to be deposited at a 530 °C substrate temperature. Film and device properties are compared to Cu(InGa)Se2 with the same band gap of 1.16 eV. The solar cells have similar behavior, with performance limited by recombination through trap states in the space charge region in the Cu(InAl)Se2 or Cu(InGa)Se2 layer.
Imaging of atherosclerotic plaques by optical coherence tomography (OCT) (2000)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique that measures the intensity of light back scattered from sub- surface tissue structures with a very high resolution. This report describes the qualitative and quantitative correlation of OCT and histology measurements for plaque presence and thickness of caps overlying atherosclerotic plaques, respectively. Imaging of samples (n equals 12) was performed from the luminal side with 1300 nm 1 mW or 10 mW light sources, with coherence lengths of 21 and 16 micrometer, respectively. Samples were histologically processed and stained with H&E, EvG and picro-sirius red (PSR) and histological and OCT images were matched. For each sample, the presence of plaque was assessed and the minimal cap thickness was measured by means of histomorphometry and OCT. We found a sensitivity of 6/6 and a specificity of 5/6 for detection of plaques with OCT. Quantitative analysis showed a strong and significant correlation between OCT and histology cap thickness measurements (R<SUP>2</SUP> equals 0.968). Thus, OCT is a sensitive method for detection of plaques, is quantitatively comparable to histology and holds promise as a high-resolution diagnostic tool for visualization of plaque cap thickness.
Millimeter-Wave Distance-Dependent Large-Scale Propagation Measurements\n and Path Loss Models for Outdoor and Indoor 5G Systems (2015)

This paper presents millimeter-wave propagation measurements for urban\nmicro-cellular and indoor office scenarios at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, and\ninvestigates the corresponding path loss using five types of path loss models,\nthe singlefrequency floating-intercept (FI) model, single-frequency closein\n(CI) free space reference distance model, multi-frequency alpha-beta-gamma\n(ABG) model, multi-frequency CI model, and multi-frequency CI model with a\nfrequency-weighted path loss exponent (CIF), in both line-of-sight and\nnon-line-of-sight environments. Results show that the CI and CIF models provide\ngood estimation and exhibit stable behavior over frequencies and distances,\nwith a solid physical basis and less computational complexity when compared\nwith the FI and ABG models. Furthermore, path loss in outdoor scenarios shows\nlittle dependence on frequency beyond the first meter of free space\npropagation, whereas path loss tends to increase with frequency in addition to\nthe increased free space path loss in indoor environments. Therefore, the CI\nmodel is suitable for outdoor environments over multiple frequencies, while the\nCIF model is more appropriate for indoor modeling. This work shows that both\nthe CI and CIF models use fewer parameters and offer more convenient closedform\nexpressions suitable for analysis, without compromising model accuracy when\ncompared to current 3GPP and WINNER path loss models.\n
Hyper‐Raman and Raman scattering in paratellurite TeO2 (2013)

Raman spectra of the tetragonal structure of paratellurite TeO 2 have been revisited avoiding anomalous polarization‐selection‐rules violations previously observed and due to optical activity. We present a complementary hyper‐Raman scattering study of paratellurite. Wavenumber and symmetry assignments are given for all expected 21 Raman active optical branches, except one LO component (out of the eight expected TO–LO pairs) of the polar doublet E modes. Also, the four expected hyper‐Raman active A 2 (TO) modes have been observed. Moreover, we have observed a strong Kleinman‐disallowed hyper‐Rayleigh signal, which is tentatively assigned as a first evidence of hyper‐Rayleigh optical activity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive System Identification Using The Normalized Least Mean Fourth Algorithm (1998)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
High Activity and Selectivity for Catalytic Alkane–Alkene Transfer (De)hydrogenation by (tBuPPP)Ir and the Importance of Choice of a Sacrificial Hydrogen Acceptor (2022)

The triphosphorus-coordinating pincer iridium fragment (tBuPPP)Ir was recently reported to be highly active for the catalytic dehydrogenation of n-alkanes. Dehydrogenation is calculated to be highly regioselective for the terminal position of n-alkanes. The extremely high intermolecular selectivity observed in n-alkane/cycloalkane competition experiments supports the prediction of extremely high regioselectivity for dehydrogenation of n-alkanes. The use of sterically unhindered hydrogen acceptors is key to observing the high activity of the (tBuPPP)Ir fragment. 4,4-Dimethylpent-1-ene (TBP) is found to be particularly convenient for this purpose. With the commonly used hydrogen acceptor 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene (TBE), (tBuPPP)Ir affords n-alkane dehydrogenation at a rate no different than that obtained with the well-known fragment (iPrPCP)Ir. However, with the use of TBP as acceptor, (tBuPPP)Ir shows much greater activity for n-alkane transfer dehydrogenation than previously reported catalysts, affording appreciable rates even at 50 °C, an unprecedentedly low temperature for catalytic alkane transfer dehydrogenation. Also critical to the identification of (tBuPPP)Ir as a highly effective catalyst is the use of n-alkane substrate rather than the commonly used “model” dehydrogenation substrate, cyclooctane, with which dehydrogenation rates are much lower than those with n-alkanes.
Direct chosen ciphertext security from identity-based techniques (2005)

We describe a new encryption technique that is secure in the standard model against chosen ciphertext attacks. We base our method on two very efficient Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) schemes without random oracles due to Boneh and Boyen, and Waters.Unlike previous CCA2-secure cryptosystems that use IBE as a black box, our approach is very simple and compact. It makes direct use of the underlying IBE structure, and requires no cryptographic primitive other than the IBE scheme itself. This conveys several advantages. We achieve shorter ciphertext size than the best known instantiations of the other methods, and our technique is as efficient as the Boneh and Katz method (and more so than that of Canetti, Halevi, and Katz). Further, our method operates nicely on hierarchical IBE, and since it allows the validity of ciphertexts to be checked publicly, it can be used to construct systems with non-interactive threshold decryption.In this paper we describe two main constructions: a full encryption system based on the Waters adaptive-ID secure IBE, and a KEM based on the Boneh-Boyen selective-ID secure IBE. Both systems are shown CCA2-secure in the standard model, the latter with a tight reduction. We discuss several uses and extensions of our approach, and draw comparisons with other schemes that are provably secure in the standard model.
Removal and Transfer of Viruses on Food Contact Surfaces by Cleaning Cloths (2012)

Contamination of food contact surfaces with pathogens is considered an important vehicle for the indirect transmission of food-borne diseases. Five different cleaning cloths were assessed for the ability to remove viruses from food contact surfaces (stainless steel surface and nonporous solid surface) and to transfer viruses back to these surfaces. Cleaning cloths evaluated include two different cellulose/cotton cloths, one microfiber cloth, one nonwoven cloth, and one cotton terry bar towel. Four viral surrogates (murine norovirus [MNV], feline calicivirus [FCV], bacteriophages PRD1 and MS2) were included. Removal of FCV from stainless steel was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) than that from nonporous solid surface, and overall removal of MNV from both surfaces was significantly less (P ≤ 0.05) than that of FCV and PRD1. Additionally, the terry towel removed significantly fewer total viruses (P ≤ 0.05) than the microfiber and one of the cotton/cellulose cloths. The cleaning cloth experiments were repeated with human norovirus. For transfer of viruses from cloth to surface, both cellulose/cotton cloths and microfiber transferred an average of 3.4 and 8.5 total PFU, respectively, to both surfaces, and the amounts transferred were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) from those for the nonwoven cloth and terry towel (309 and 331 total PFU, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the amount of virus transfer between surfaces. These data indicate that while the cleaning cloths assessed here can remove viruses from surfaces, some cloths may also transfer a significant amount of viruses back to food contact surfaces.