gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P1.6.5 NASICON-based CO2 sensor operative at room temperature with Li2CO3-based auxiliary as a sensing electrode (2012)

A Potentiometric NASICON (Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 )-based CO 2 sensor operative at room temperature was fabricated by combining with a metal oxide (ITO: indium tin oxide) and Li 2 CO 3 -In 2 O 3 (4:1 in molar ratio) auxiliary as a sensing electrode, and its CO 2 sensing properties were examined under 30% RH (relative humidity) in the temperature range of 30 to 100 o C. When the Li 2 CO 3 -In 2 O 3 -attached sensor was operated in the range of 250 to 2500 ppm CO 2 at 30 o C, the EMF (electromotive force) change of the sensor was 30.4 mV. The EMF values were correlated linearly with the logarithm of CO 2 concentration. In addition, to evaluate the interfluence of coexisting NO 2 , the Li2CO3-In2O3-attached sensor was measured under 30 %RH in the range of 2 to 7 ppmNO2 between 30 and 100 o C. As the result, it was found that the sensor attached with Li 2 CO 3 -In 2 O 3 auxiliary showed the high selectivity to CO 2 as compared with the sensor attached with Li 2 CO 3 -BaCO 3 (1:2 in molar ratio) auxiliary phase.
(Invited) Critical Roles of Interface Engineering in All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries: Insights from First Principles Calculations (2016)

All-solid-state Li-ion battery based on solid electrolyte materials is a promising next-generation Li-ion battery technology with intrinsic safety, high energy density, and enhanced cyclability. The key problem in enabling this new battery technology is the high interfacial resistance and interfacial degradation at the solid electrolyte-electrode interfaces. In this presentation, I will show how we use computational modeling to provide unique insights into the fundamental mechanisms at these buried interfaces, which are difficult to access in experiments. I will first demonstrate using first principles computation to predict various materials properties of the solid electrolyte materials with little experimental input. In addition, we systematically investigate and compare the electrochemical stability and chemical stability of the solid electrolyte-electrode interfaces, and study how these interfaces affect the interfacial resistance, low cyclability, and mechanical failure in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. Our computation results suggest the formation of decomposition interphase layers in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries and the significant effects of the interphase layers on the electrochemical performance of the all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. Different interfaces between solid electrolyte and electrode materials may have different problems at the interfaces, which require different interfacial engineering strategies to resolve. The mechanisms of artificial layers to improve the interfacial properties are revealed by our computation. This computational study provides novel insights and general guidance for interfacial engineering in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries.
Genomic GLO1 deletion modulates TXNIP expression, glucose metabolism, and redox homeostasis while accelerating human A375 malignant melanoma tumor growth (2020)

Glyoxalase 1 (encoded by GLO1) is a glutathione-dependent enzyme detoxifying the glycolytic byproduct methylglyoxal (MG), an oncometabolite involved in metabolic reprogramming. Recently, we have demonstrated that GLO1 is overexpressed in human malignant melanoma cells and patient tumors and substantiated a novel role of GLO1 as a molecular determinant of invasion and metastasis in melanoma. Here, employing NanoString™ gene expression profiling (nCounter™ 'PanCancer Progression Panel'), we report that CRISPR/Cas 9-based GLO1 deletion from human A375 malignant melanoma cells alters glucose metabolism and redox homeostasis, observable together with acceleration of tumorigenesis. Nanostring™ analysis identified TXNIP (encoding thioredoxin-interacting protein), a master regulator of cellular energy metabolism and redox homeostasis, displaying the most pronounced expression change in response to GLO1 elimination, confirmed by RT-qPCR and immunoblot analysis. TXNIP was also upregulated in CRISPR/Cas9-engineered DU145 prostate carcinoma cells lacking GLO1, and treatment with MG or a pharmacological GLO1 inhibitor (TLSC702) mimicked GLO1_KO status, suggesting that GLO1 controls TXNIP expression through regulation of MG. GLO1_KO status was characterized by (i) altered oxidative stress response gene expression, (ii) attenuation of glucose uptake and metabolism with downregulation of gene expression (GLUT1, GFAT1, GFAT2, LDHA) and depletion of related key metabolites (glucose-6-phosphate, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine), and (iii) immune checkpoint modulation (PDL1). While confirming our earlier finding that GLO1 deletion limits invasion and metastasis with modulation of EMT-related genes (e.g. TGFBI, MMP9, ANGPTL4, TLR4, SERPINF1), we observed that GLO1_KO melanoma cells displayed a shortened population doubling time, cell cycle alteration with increased M-phase population, and enhanced anchorage-independent growth, a phenotype supported by expression analysis (CXCL8, CD24, IL1A, CDKN1A). Concordantly, an accelerated growth rate of GLO1_KO tumors, accompanied by TXNIP overexpression and metabolic reprogramming, was observable in a SCID mouse melanoma xenograft model, demonstrating that A375 melanoma tumor growth and metastasis can be dysregulated in opposing ways as a consequence of GLO1 elimination.
Figure S4 from Targeting APLN/APLNR Improves Antiangiogenic Efficiency and Blunts Proinvasive Side Effects of VEGFA/VEGFR2 Blockade in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-invasive role of apelin in orthotopic models of proneural and classical glioblastoma.&lt;/p&gt;
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. (2011)

Background-Everolimus, an oral inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), has shown antitumor activity in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, in two phase 2 studies. We evaluated the agent in a prospective, randomized, phase 3 study.
The Fragile X Protein binds m RNA s involved in cancer progression and modulates metastasis formation (2013)

The role of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is well established in brain, where its absence leads to the fragile X syndrome (FXS). FMRP is almost ubiquitously expressed, suggesting that, in addition to its effects in brain, it may have fundamental roles in other organs. There is evidence that FMRP expression can be linked to cancer. FMR1 mRNA, encoding FMRP, is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. A decreased risk of cancer has been reported in patients with FXS while a patient-case with FXS showed an unusual decrease of tumour brain invasiveness. However, a role for FMRP in regulating cancer biology, if any, remains unknown. We show here that FMRP and FMR1 mRNA levels correlate with prognostic indicators of aggressive breast cancer, lung metastases probability and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We establish that FMRP overexpression in murine breast primary tumours enhances lung metastasis while its reduction has the opposite effect regulating cell spreading and invasion. FMRP binds mRNAs involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion including E-cadherin and Vimentin mRNAs, hallmarks of EMT and cancer progression.
Robust Shared Objects for Non-Volatile Main Memory (2016)

Research in concurrent in-memory data structures has focused almost exclusively on models where processes are either reliable, or may fail by crashing permanently. The case where processes may recover from failures has received little attention because recovery from conventional volatile memory is impossible in the event of a system crash, during which both the state of main memory and the private states of processes are lost. Future hardware architectures are likely to include various forms of non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), creating new opportunities to design robust main memory data structures that can recover from system crashes. In this paper we advance the theoretical foundations of such data structures in two ways. First, we review several known variations of Herlihy and Wing's linearizability property that were proposed in the context of message passing systems but also apply in our NVRAM-based model, we discuss the limitations of these properties with respect to our specific goals, and we propose an alternative correctness condition called recoverable linearizability. Second, we discuss techniques for implementing shared objects that satisfy such properties with a focus on wait-free implementations. Specifically, we demonstrate how to achieve different variations of linearizability in our model by transforming two classic wait-free constructions.
AQUA: Autonomous Robot (2007)

AQUA, an amphibious robot that swims via the motion of its legs rather than using thrusters and control surfaces for propulsion, can walk along the shore, swim along the surface in open water, or walk on the bottom of the ocean.The vehicle uses a variety of sensors to estimate its position with respect to local visual features and provide a global frame of reference.
Structure and vibrational properties of ethyltrioxorhenium(vii), C2H5ReO3, investigated by gas electron diffraction, single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations (2002)

The electron diffraction pattern of gaseous ethyltrioxorhenium(VII) has been analysed in terms of a C2H5ReO3 molecule with Cs symmetry overall. Least-squares refinement yields the following dimensions (ra in Å, angles in deg): Re–C 2.095(6), C–C 1.530(16), Re–O 1.711(2), C–H 1.106(13), Re–C–C 112.0(9), and O–Re–C 104.6(5). The compound forms monoclinic crystals [a = 6.421(3), b = 5.111(2), c = 15.108(5) Å; β = 98.01(4)° at 150 K] composed of discrete molecules little different dimensionally from the gaseous species. Both the structure and IR spectrum of the molecule isolated in an Ar matrix are well reproduced by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. There is no hint of anything unusual about the geometry of the C2H5Re fragment, but the C–C–Re skeleton is appreciably stiffer to bending at the Cα atom than is the C–C–Ti skeleton in the titanium compound C2H5TiCl3.
Mixed Polyelectrolyte−Surfactant Langmuir Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface (2008)

Polystyrenesulfonate acid (PSS) and alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (CnTAB, n = 8, 14, or 18) were dissolved in a chloroform/methanol solution and cospread on an air/water interface. The surfactant−polyelectrolyte interaction leads to the formation of hydrophobic complexes which are able to spread well at the air/water interface. The effects of surfactant chain length and surfactant/polymer ratio on the characteristics of the mixed monolayers were studied in terms of surface pressure−area (π−A) isotherm, area relaxation, and hysteresis behavior as well as the surface morphology and composition of the corresponding Langmuir−Blodgett films. The mixed monolayers prepared by cospreading method are also compared with the complex monolayers prepared by preprecipitation of the surfactant−polyelectrolyte complexes from an aqueous solution. The experimental results show that the chain length of an incorporated surfactant is the main factor determining the properties of a complex monolayer. By using a longer chain surfactant to complex with polyelectrolyte, a more condensed monolayer with higher collapse pressure and stability can be obtained. For the effect of surfactant/polymer ratio (S/P), it is found that an increase of S/P ratio not only produces more complexes capable of staying at the air/water interface but also affects the incorporation of uncomplexed surfactant into the mixed monolayer. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the amount of uncomplexed surfactant is higher at low S/P value (0.2) and is insignificant when the S/P value increases to about 1.0 or 2.0, where a maximum amount of complexes were formed at the interface. A further increase of S/P ratio may cause additional incorporation of uncomplexed surfactant and/or micellization of surfactant around PSS cores, depending on the surfactant chain length. A model illustrating the incorporation and spreading of the surfactant−polyelectrolyte complexes at the air/water interface was proposed.
An Index Policy for Minimizing the Uncertainty-of-Information of Markov Sources (2022)

This paper focuses on the information freshness of finite-state Markov sources, using the uncertainty of information (UoI) as the performance metric. Measured by Shannon's entropy, UoI can capture not only the transition dynamics of the Markov source but also the different evolutions of information quality caused by the different values of the last observation. We consider an information update system with M finite-state Markov sources transmitting information to a remote monitor via m communication channels. Our goal is to explore the optimal scheduling policy to minimize the sum-UoI of the Markov sources. The problem is formulated as a restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB). We relax the RMAB and then decouple the relaxed problem into M single bandit problems. Analyzing the single bandit problem provides useful properties with which the relaxed problem reduces to maximizing a concave and piecewise linear function, allowing us to develop a gradient method to solve the relaxed problem and obtain its optimal policy. By rounding up the optimal policy for the relaxed problem, we obtain an index policy for the original RMAB problem. Notably, the proposed index policy is universal in the sense that it applies to general RMABs with bounded cost functions.
Lucy A. Suchman. Human–Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions, 2nd ed.Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN-10 052167588X, ISBN-13 978-0521675888. 326 pages. (2011)

Lucy A. Suchman. Human–Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions, 2nd ed.Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN-10 052167588X, ISBN-13 978-0521675888. 326 pages. - Volume 17 Issue 1
<title>Cylindrically distributing optical fiber tip for uniform laser illumination of hollow organs</title> (1993)

To predict the outcome of laser therapy it is important to possess, among other things, an accurate knowledge of the intensity and distribution of the laser light incident on the tissue. For irradiation of the internal surfaces of hollow organs, modified fiber tips can be used to shape the light distribution to best suit the treatment geometry. There exist bulb-tipped optical fibers emitting a uniform isotropic distribution of light suitable for the treatment of organs which approximate a spherical geometry--the bladder, for example. For the treatment of organs approximating a cylindrical geometry--e.g. the oesophagus--an optical fiber tip which emits a uniform cylindrical distribution of light is required. We report on the design, development and testing of such a device, the CLD fiber tip. The device was made from a solid polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) rod, 27 mm in length and 4 mm in diameter. One end was shaped and 'silvered' to form a mirror which reflected the light emitted from the delivery fiber positioned at the other end of the rod. The shape of the mirror was such that the light fell with uniform intensity on the circumferential surface of the rod. This surface was coated with BaSO<SUB>4</SUB> reflectance paint to couple the light out of the rod and onto the surface of the tissue.
Stimulation of Innate Immune Responses by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide in Newborn Lambs Can Reduce Bovine Herpesvirus-1 Shedding (2006)

Stimulation of the innate immune system is potentially very important in neonates who have an immature adaptive immune system and vaccination cannot be used to reduce the risk of infection. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) can stimulate innate immune responses in newborn chickens and mice, but similar studies are lacking in other mammalian species. We have shown previously that CpG ODN can both stimulate an acute-phase immune response and induce the antiviral effector molecule, 2'5'-A synthetase, in adult sheep. Therefore, the immunostimulatory activity of A class and B class CpG ODN was evaluated in newborn lambs, and the capacity of CpG ODN-induced responses to reduce viral shedding was evaluated following aerosol challenge with the respiratory pathogen, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). In vitro CpG ODN stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from newborn lambs (3-5 days old) and adult sheep induced equivalent CpG-specific proliferative responses and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) secretion. CpG ODN-induced IFN-alpha secretion by neonatal PBMCs was, however, significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced 6 days after subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of 100 microg/kg CpG ODN 2007. Newborn lambs injected s.c. with B class CpG ODN 2007 or the inverted GpC control ODN formulated in 30% Emulsigen (MVP Laboratories, Ralston, NE) displayed CpG ODN-specific increases in body temperature (p < 0.0001), serum 2'5'-A synthetase activity (p = 0.0015), and serum haptoglobin (p = 0.07). CpG ODN-treated lambs also displayed a transient reduction in viral shedding on day 2 postinfection (p < 0.05), which correlated (p < 0.03) with serum 2'5'-A synthetase levels on the day of viral challenge. These observations confirmed that CpG ODNs effectively activate innate immune responses in newborn lambs and CpG ODN-induced antiviral responses correlated with a reduction in viral shedding.
Pooling and expanding registries of familial hypercholesterolaemia to assess gaps in care and improve disease management and outcomes: Rationale and design of the global EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (2016)

The EAS FHSC represents an excellent opportunity to integrate individual efforts across the world to tackle the global burden of FH. The information garnered from the registry will help reduce gaps in knowledge, inform best practices, assist in clinical trials design, support clinical guidelines and policies development, and ultimately improve the care of FH patients.
Immuno-imaging and -therapy in ovarian cancer and sarcoma with de novo single-chain fv-fc fusion protein targeting TEM1/CD248 (2014)

Meeting abstracts Tumor Endothelial Marker 1 (TEM1 or CD248) has been identified as a microvascular marker of tumor angiogenesis in various human cancers. By comparing the vasculature of ovarian cancer and normal ovary, we and others [[1][1]] identified that TEM1 is overexpressed in tumor
Generative Adversarial Image Synthesis with Decision Tree Latent Controller (2018)

This paper proposes the decision tree latent controller generative adversarial network (DTLC-GAN), an extension of a GAN that can learn hierarchically interpretable representations without relying on detailed supervision. To impose a hierarchical inclusion structure on latent variables, we incorporate a new architecture called the DTLC into the generator input. The DTLC has a multiple-layer tree structure in which the ON or OFF of the child node codes is controlled by the parent node codes. By using this architecture hierarchically, we can obtain the latent space in which the lower layer codes are selectively used depending on the higher layer ones. To make the latent codes capture salient semantic features of images in a hierarchically disentangled manner in the DTLC, we also propose a hierarchical conditional mutual information regularization and optimize it with a newly defined curriculum learning method that we propose as well. This makes it possible to discover hierarchically interpretable representations in a layer-by-layer manner on the basis of information gain by only using a single DTLC-GAN model. We evaluated the DTLC-GAN on various datasets, i.e., MNIST, CIFAR-10, Tiny ImageNet, 3D Faces, and CelebA, and confirmed that the DTLC-GAN can learn hierarchically interpretable representations with either unsupervised or weakly supervised settings. Furthermore, we applied the DTLC-GAN to image-retrieval tasks and showed its effectiveness in representation learning.
Progress on High Efficiency Standard and Interdigitated Back Contact Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells (2011)

In this paper we show the state-of-the-art on the research on standard and interdigitated back contact amorphous/crystalline heterojunction (HJ) solar cells at INES. First, we focus our study on the optimization and the comprehension of the role of the front buffer layer of our n-type HJ solar cells on the totality of the device parameters (Jsc, FF, Voc). This work allows us to reach very high Voc values over 730mV without losses on FF and efficiencies of 21%. We observe that short-circuit current is the limiting parameter on our cells, and though we go over a new structure without shadowing loses, the so-called interdigitated back contact amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction (IBC-HJ). Simplified cell geometry is here proposed with the emitter and BSF layers locally in contact. To avoid resistive losses (shunt effects or series resistance), it is found that the emitter stack has to be carefully designed in terms of doping profile and contact material. Using patterning steps based on screen printing technology, 25 cm2 simplified IBC Si-HJ structures have been fabricated with an efficiency of 15.7%.
56 Gb/s PAM-4 optical receiver frontend in an advanced FinFET process (2015)

This paper presents a 56Gb/s PAM-4 optical receiver analog frontend circuits which consists of three inverter stages TIA with resistive feedback in the first and third stages. An adaptively-tuned continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) is cascaded after the TIA for improved sensitivity and bandwidth. The overall gain is controlled by an automatic gain control (AGC) circuits to avoid the large input optical power saturates the TIA, thus distorting the PAM-4 signals. The frontend receiver circuits is designed in an advanced FinFET technology and overall gain achieves 68 dBO with a 22 GHz bandwidth. The simulated input referred current rms noise is 2.86 μA. Total chip power is 6.3 mW from a 0.83 V supply. The chip active area is 150μm × 100 μm.
Applications of recycled materials in roadside safety devices (1995)

This report summarizes the first phase of a three-phase research program intended to evaluate the use of recycled materials in roadside safety devices. Researchers obtained information regarding existing products manufactured in part or in whole from recycled materials through an extensive computerized literature review and a survey of research organizations, government/state agencies, professional and trade societies, and manufacturers. They emphasized obtaining information for those materials and products believed to have application in the roadside safety area. Roadside safety features of interest include, but are not limited to, guardrail support posts and rail-to-post offset blocks, sign blanks and their supports, energy absorbing elements in crash cushions, flexible delineator posts, mailbox supports, and work zone traffic control devices such as drums, cones, and barricades. Based on this evaluation scheme, researchers identified specific products considered suitable for immediate implementation and categorized them by application type. They recommend evaluation in Phase II of this study for some products lacking the desired data to make a conclusive decision regarding their suitability for implementation. Phase III of the study will consist of full-scale crash testing of selected products to verify their crashworthiness. Researchers will then prepare performance specifications for those applications for which suitable alternatives have been identified.