gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative biochemical and cytogenetic studies of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Philadelphia chromosome and other 22q 11 variants (1989)

We studied the relationship of direct karyotypes, determined at diagnosis and remission, to Abelson-related tyrosine kinase activity and the cytogenetic features of erythroid and myeloid colonies derived from remission marrow of six children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These patients had either the characteristic Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) [t(9;22)(q34;q11)] or cytogenetically similar variants with a 22q11 breakpoint but no detectable cytogenetic involvement of 9q34. The findings suggested two distinct subtypes of ALL: one defined by t(9;22)(q34;q11) and expression of P185BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase and one with variant karyotypes and no P185BCR-ABL expression. The former comprises cases with Ph1 + marrow cells and Ph1 + erythroid and (or) myeloid colonies in remission marrow and others in which the t(9;22) is undetectable in remission marrow cells. In the latter subgroup, the disease may reflect more extreme mosaicism with a similar stem cell that is cytogenetically undetectable. Variant karyotypes included a del(22)(q11) in one patient and a t(6;22;15;9) (q21;q11;q?22;q21) in another; in both instances, the malignant blast cells lacked P185BCR-ABL expression. Thus ALL with t(9;22)(q34;q11) should be distinguished from ALL with other involvement of the 22q11 breakpoint by molecular studies including protein expression. The diversity of karyotypic findings in cases with involvement of 22q11 suggests at least two mechanisms of leukemogenesis in patients with ALL defined by this breakpoint.
Chemical and Structural Evolution of Sol‐Gel‐Derived Hydroxyapatite Thin Films under Rapid Thermal Processing (1996)

Chemical and structural evolution of hydroxyapatite thin films produced by sol‐gel synthesis is characterized by ion beam analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Formation of the hydroxyapatite structure began at 500°C; no other phases were observed at higher temperatures. Elimination of residual organics was observed in the form of the disappearance of excess oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. Crystal size increases with increasing anneal temperature; spectroscopy indicates the formation of highly crystalline films. The analytical methods chosen provide insight into subtle chemical and structural changes which occur in films produced by this synthetic route.
Comparative In vivo Toxicity Assessment of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes in Mice (2007)

Abstract not Available.
Controlled single-cell deposition and patterning by highly flexible hollow cantilevers (2016)

Single-cell patterning represents a key approach to decouple and better understand the role and mechanisms of individual cells of a given population. In particular, the bottom-up approach of engineering neuronal circuits with a controlled topology holds immense promises to perceive the relationships between connectivity and function. In order to accommodate these efforts, highly flexible SU-8 cantilevers with integrated microchannels have been fabricated for both additive and subtractive patterning. By directly squeezing out single cells onto adhesive surfaces, controlled deposition with a spatial accuracy of 5 μm could be achieved, while subtractive patterning has been realized by selective removal of targeted single cells. Complex cell patterns were created on substrates pre-patterned with cell-adhesive and repulsive areas, preserving the original pattern geometry for long-term studies. For example, a circular loop with a diameter of 530 μm has been realized using primary hippocampal neurons, which were fully connected to their respective neighbors along the loop. Using the same cantilevers, the versatility of the technique has also been demonstrated via in situ modification of already mature neuronal cultures by both detaching individual cells of the population and adding fresh ones, incorporating them into the culture.
Challenges with risk mitigation in academic drug discovery: finding the best solution (2018)

A drug discovery program is initiated once a druggable target is unraveled through either academic research or from clinical observations [1]. Academic research is all-encompassing and covers a wid...
Thermodynamic stability and crystal structure of lanthanide complexes with di-2-pyridyl ketone (2008)

Abstract The di-2-pyridylketone ligand (dpk) exhibits several coordination modes and is a good candidate for preparation of a variety of metal complexes. In this work we present a potentiometric study (in water and in ethanol : water mixtures) of Ln-dpk and Cu(II)-dpk complexes. The thermodynamic stability of the species with La, Sm and Yb is compared to that of Cu(II). In addition, [Ln(NCS)3{(py)2C(OEt)(OH)}3] (Ln = Pr, Sm, Gd) and [Cu(SCN)2{(py)2C(OEt)(OH)}]2 · 2EtOH have been prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction. ∥Dedicated to Professor Alfredo Mederos on the occasion of his retirement as Professor of Inorganic Chemistry of Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. Keywords: Di-2-pyridylketoneLanthanide complexesCopper(II) complexesCrystal structureChemical speciation Acknowledgement HS is supported by Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (Germany). Notes ∥Dedicated to Professor Alfredo Mederos on the occasion of his retirement as Professor of Inorganic Chemistry of Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Association between hormone therapy and nerve conduction study parameters in postmenopausal women (2011)

These findings imply that HT may affect the nerve conduction parameters in postmenopausal women.
Digital Camera Image Storage Formats (2018)

This chapter describes the image formats used by most current digital cameras. These include the Exif (Exchangeable image file) format [1], [2] used to store processed, JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) compressed images in most consumer cameras, and the TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) compatible raw formats [3] used by many DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex) cameras. These current formats have evolved over time, adopting some features first introduced in other, less successful, image formats. Thus, a historical perspective can be helpful in understanding the image formats used in today’s single sensor color cameras.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing Isosters of Sphingosine as Inactivators of Protein Kinase C. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hypertrophy of the muscularis propria of the lower esophageal sphincter and the body of the esophagus in patients with primary motility disorders of the esophagus (2003)

We propose that an increase in the MCSA is an important feature of patients with primary motility disorders of the esophagus. The degree of increase in muscle mass may be an important determinant of the type and the severity of esophageal motor dysfunction.
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-3 from Discovery of a Small Molecule Targeting <i>IRA2</i> Deletion in Budding Yeast and Neurofibromin Loss in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-3 from Discovery of a Small Molecule Targeting &lt;i&gt;IRA2&lt;/i&gt; Deletion in Budding Yeast and Neurofibromin Loss in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
Electronic structure of hole-dopedSr1+xLa1−xFeO4studied by UPS and XAS (1994)

The electronic structure of ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$${\mathrm{NiF}}_{4}$-type ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1+\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{FeO}}_{4}$ compounds (0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.3) was studied by ultraviolet-photoemission and x-ray-absorption spectroscopies. Resonant photoemission measurements demonstrated that although the satellite feature of ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{FeO}}_{4}$ was attributed to ${\mathit{d}}^{4}$ final states, the whole valence band was constructed from well mixed Fe 3d and O 2p states. It was suggested that the parent ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1+\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{FeO}}_{4}$ compound is intermediate between Mott-Hubbard and charge-transfer insulators. O K-edge and Fe K-edge x-ray-absorption measurements showed that hole bands composed of O 2p and Fe 3d character were formed in the original conduction-band edge upon hole doping, while the valence-band structure obtained by nonresonant photoemission measurements did not change. Changes in the electrical and magnetic properties were correlated with those in electronic structure.
Renal effects of empagliflozin in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: from the EMPULSE trial (2022)

In patients hospitalized for acute heart failure, empagliflozin caused an early modest decline in renal function which was no longer evident after 90 days. Acute renal events were similar in both groups. The clinical benefit of empagliflozin was consistent regardless of baseline renal function.
Study of through Plane Cation Contamination in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (2014)

Through plane distribution of cationic contamination on polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) was investigated at a fixed concentration of 5 ppm of Ca 2+ in the air stream of an operating fuel cell. A special purpose MEA was prepared using five layers of membrane, and four Pt wires (electrodes) were inserted between the membrane layers. Pt electrodes were used to monitor the through plane potential due to the permeation of hydrogen and oxygen from anode and cathode, respectively and the resistance distribution across the membrane thickness. At the beginning of the test, oxygen permeated from cathode to the first layer of membrane. After 32 hours, oxygen continued to permeate from cathode to the other layers of membrane. The cell performance deteriorated, when CaSO 4 solution was injected as a contaminant. Within 21 hours of contaminant injection, the cell voltage dropped more than 200 mV. High frequency resistance (HFR) increased more than 50% in the membrane layer close to the cathode.
Time reversal ultrasound focusing to a point away from the beacon location (2012)

In percutaneous procedures there is often a need to focus therapeutic ultrasound to a predefined area without affecting surrounding tissues. Focusing based on Time Reversal Acoustics (TRA) principles constitutes a promising approach for generating high intensity ultrasound field tailored to the shape of the predefined area. Conventional TRA technique enables ultrasound focusing only at a site, where there is an ultrasound beacon, e.g. piezo-transducer mounted at the tip of a catheter. We developed a method of steering the focus away from the beacon location. The method is based on the measurements of impulse response (IR) in several reference points and calculating virtual IRs for the points outside the reference beacon location. The IR for the point away from the beacon is constructed based on mathematical extrapolation of the measured reference IRs frequency spectra, particularly phases. The effectiveness of extrapolated TRA focusing is explored experimentally and by computer simulation. Potential applications include ultrasounda-ssisted drug delivery, artery recanalization and tumor ablation.
GaAs Based Superluminescent Diodes Employing Window Facets in a Self-Aligned Stripe (2014)

In this paper, GaAs based self-aligned stripe regrowth technologies is applied to realise window structures in ~980nm quantum well based superluminescent diodes. It is shown that a tilted waveguide and window structure with no facet coating can deliver high power emission (30mW) with low ripple (<;2%). Furthermore, a standard waveguide normal to the cleavage plane, with a window structure and simple facet coating, shows the inhibition of lasing to high current densities.
From motor cortex to visual cortex: The application of noninvasive brain stimulation to amblyopia (2010)

Noninvasive brain stimulation is a technique for inducing changes in the excitability of discrete neural populations in the human brain. A current model of the underlying pathological processes contributing to the loss of motor function after stroke has motivated a number of research groups to investigate the potential therapeutic application of brain stimulation to stroke rehabilitation. The loss of motor function is modeled as resulting from a combination of reduced excitability in the lesioned motor cortex and an increased inhibitory drive from the nonlesioned hemisphere over the lesioned hemisphere. This combination of impaired neural function and pathological suppression resonates with current views on the cause of the visual impairment in amblyopia. Here, we discuss how the rationale for using noninvasive brain stimulation in stroke rehabilitation can be applied to amblyopia, review a proof-of-principle study demonstrating that brain stimulation can temporarily improve amblyopic eye function, and propose future research avenues.
Internal radiation dose assessment of radiopharmaceuticals prepared with cyclotron‐produced 99mTc (2019)

The increase in the radiation dose caused by other Tc radioisotopes contained in CP-<sup>99m</sup> Tc produced as described here is quite low. Even though the concentrations of the <sup>94</sup> Tc and <sup>95</sup> Tc radioisotopes in the CP-<sup>99m</sup> Tc solution exceed the limits established by the European Pharmacopoeia, CP-<sup>99m</sup> Tc radiopharmaceuticals could be used in routine nuclear medicine diagnostic studies if administered from 6 to 12 h after the EOB, thus maintaining the effective DI within the 10% limit.
High-Resolution Longitudinal Study of HIV-1 Env Vaccine–Elicited B Cell Responses to the Virus Primary Receptor Binding Site Reveals Affinity Maturation and Clonal Persistence (2016)

Because of the genetic variability of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env), the elicitation of neutralizing Abs to conserved neutralization determinants including the primary receptor binding site, CD4 binding site (CD4bs), is a major focus of vaccine development. To gain insight into the evolution of Env-elicited Ab responses, we used single B cell analysis to interrogate the memory B cell Ig repertoires from two rhesus macaques after five serial immunizations with Env/adjuvant. We observed that the CD4bs-specific repertoire displayed unique features in the third CDR of Ig H chains with minor alterations along the immunization course. Progressive affinity maturation occurred as evidenced by elevated levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) in Ab sequences isolated at the late immunization time point compared with the early time point. Abs with higher SHM were associated with increased binding affinity and virus neutralization capacity. Moreover, a notable portion of the CD4bs-specific repertoire was maintained between early and late immunization time points, suggesting that persistent clonal lineages were induced by Env vaccination. Furthermore, we found that the predominant persistent CD4bs-specific clonal lineages had larger population sizes and higher affinities than that from the rest of the repertoires, underscoring the critical role of Ag affinity selection in Ab maturation and clonal expansion. Genetic and functional analyses revealed that the accumulation of SHM in both framework regions and CDRs contributed to the clonal affinity and antigenicity evolution. Our longitudinal study provides high-resolution understanding of the dynamically evolving CD4bs-specific B cell response after Env immunization in primates.
EU FP7 INFSO-ICT-247223 ARTIST4G, D6.3 - Laboratory and field trial results connected to the second set of innovations (2012)

This deliverable provides a final summary on field trial results in ARTIST4G that complement theoretical and simulation studies done in other work packages.
Uplink power control in UTRA TDD (2002)

This paper discusses uplink power control in UTRA TDD, that is, the TDD (time division duplex) mode of the third generation mobile radio system UTRA (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access), and presents system simulations made for it. The current UTRA TDD uplink power control contains several measurements that involve A considerably amount of error. Also THE power set by power control may involve error. In this paper the effect of power control error on the performance of the UTRA TDD network is studied by the means of a system level simulator.
Laboratory-Based Rationale for Targeting the Protein Homeostasis Network in AL Amyloidosis (2022)

AL amyloidosis is an incurable plasma cell dyscrasia with limited therapeutic options. The pathogenetic mechanism in AL amyloidosis is the deposition of insoluble fibrillary aggregates of misfolded immunoglobulin (Ig) free light chains (FLC) and chaperone proteins in target organs. Therefore, AL amyloidosis is the prototypic, protein-toxicity hematologic disorder. Based on laboratory evidence of increased, constitutive proteotoxic stress, PCs are intrinsically vulnerable to agents that target proteins whose function is to guarantee that nascent polypeptides either reach a functional conformation or are disposed of (proteostasis network). The clinical efficacy of proteasome inhibitors (PIs), such as bortezomib, in the treatment of plasma cell (PC) disorders has provided proof of concept that disrupting protein homeostasis is an effective and generally safe therapeutic approach. Therefore, the intrinsic biology of PC offers us the opportunity to rationally develop therapies that target this distinct proteostasis vulnerability of PC dyscrasias. In this manuscript, we will review the laboratory rationale for the effectiveness of FDA-approved and investigational agents targeting protein homeostasis in AL amyloidosis and related PC disorders.
Silica (2007)

Silica (SiO2) is a commonly occurring compound in nature. Various crystalline and noncrystalline silica minerals of inorganic and biogenic origin are known. Depending on temperature, pressure, composition of the precursor phases, etc., several different crystalline modifications are formed. Quartz is the most abundant and well-known polymorph. Silica occurs as meter-sized quartz crystals or as amorphous masses made up of submicroscopic crystallites having different microstructures or growth fabrics. In addition, synthetic polymorphs have been produced for which no natural counterparts exist. In industry, quartz sand and silica rocks are widely used as raw materials for production of glass, ceramics, and silicon. Single crystals of quartz are grown artificially for application as resonator crystals in clocks, communication technology, and computer electronics. Both natural and synthetic silica powders are used as fillers to improve the mechanical properties of plastics. The article contains sections titled: 1. Silica Modifications and Products 1.1. Occurrence and Geochemistry 1.2. Si-O Bond and Crystal Structures 1.3. Crystalline Silica Phases 1.3.1. Crystalline Silica Minerals 1.3.2. Crystalline Nonmineral Silica Phases 1.4. Noncrystalline Silica Minerals 1.5. Colored Silica Minerals 1.6. Silica Rocks 1.7. Crystalline Silica Products 1.7.1. Cultured Quartz Single Crystals 1.7.2. Polycrystalline Silica Products 1.8. Noncrystalline Silica Products 2. Quartz Raw Materials 2.1. Physical Forms and Occurrence 2.2. Processing 2.3. Uses 3. Diatomites 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Formation, Composition, and Quality Criteria 3.3. Occurrence and Mining 3.4. Processing 3.5. Analysis 3.6. Storage and Transport 3.7. Environmental and Health Protection 3.8. Uses 3.9. Recycling 4. Colloidal Silica 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Structure of Colloidal Silica Particles 4.3. Physical and Chemical Properties 4.4. Stability 4.5. Production 4.6. Analysis and Characterization 4.7. Uses 4.8. Storage, Handling, and Transportation 4.9. Economic Aspects 5. Silica Gel 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Structure, Properties, and Characterization 5.3. Production 5.4. Uses 5.5. Economic Aspects 5.6. Legal Aspects 6. Pyrogenic Silica 6.1. Flame Hydrolysis 6.1.1. Production Process 6.1.2. Morphology 6.1.3. Solid-State Properties 6.1.4. Surface Chemistry 6.1.5. Surface Modification with Silicon Compounds 6.1.6. Characterization 6.1.7. Uses 6.1.8. Industrial Hygiene and Safety 6.2. Electric-Arc Process 6.3. Plasma Process 7. Precipitated Silicas 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Production 7.3. Properties 7.3.1. Physicochemical Properties 7.3.2. Surface Chemistry and Surface Modification 7.3.3. Chemical Composition and Analysis 7.4. Uses 7.5. Industrial Hygiene and Safety 8. Porosils 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Physical and Chemical Properties 8.2.1. Zeosils 8.2.2. Clathrasils 8.3. Manufacture of Porosils 8.3.1. Synthesis of Porosils 8.3.2. Dealumination of Aluminosilicate Zeolites 8.3.3. Formation of Melanophlogite 9. Toxicology 9.1. Experiences with Humans 9.2. Animal Experiments
Accelerating FPGA development through the automatic parallel application of standard implementation tools (2010)

FPGA implementation tool turnaround time has unfortunately not kept pace with FPGA density advances. It is difficult to parallelize place-and-route algorithms without sacrificing determinism or quality of results. As in many multithreaded applications, communication and synchronization incur significant overheads. Even if these challenges are overcome, the large graph data structures used can quickly exhaust memory bandwidth as more cores are employed. We approach the problem in a different way for development environments in which some circuit speed and area optimization may be sacrificed for improved implementation and debug turnaround. The PATIS automatic floorplanner enables dynamic modular design. While existing modular and incremental flows facilitate timing closure late in the design cycle by reusing the layout of unmodified blocks, dynamic modular design accelerates non-local changes to the physical layout arising from design exploration and the addition of debug circuitry. A PATIS floorplan consists of partial modules with structured physical interfaces observable through configuration readback, allowing module ports to be passively probed without disturbing the layout. Although PATIS supports incremental design, global changes are still rapid because each block's partial bitstream is produced by independent and concurrent invocations of the standard Xilinx tools running on separate cores or hosts. A continuous background task proactively generates floorplan variants to further accelerate layout changes.