gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dilazep on Phospholipid Metabolism and Arachidonic Acid Cascade in Human Platelets in vitro (1984)

It has been reported that Dilazep, [tetrahydro-1H-1, 4-diazepine-1, 4 (5H)-dipropranol bis (3, 4, 5-trimethoxy benzoate) dihydrochloride monohy-drate], a coronary vasodilator, has a potent antiaggregatory effect in vivo and in vitro studies. However, the exact mechanism of antiaggregatory effect of Dilazep has not been determined yet. In this experiment, in vitro effect of Dilazep on the metabolism of membrane phospholipids and arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in human platelets was studied. Dilazep inhibited in a dose dependent manner platelet aggregation and tromboxane B2(TXB2) formation when stimulated by ADP, epinephrine and collagen.Dilazep inhibited thrombin-induced release of [14C] arachidonic acid ([14C]AA) from both of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol fractions of [14C]AA prelabeled platelets. The appearance of [14C]AA in 1, 2-diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid in response to thrombin was inhibited by Dilazep. The conversion of endogenous and exogenous [14C]AA to cyclo-oxygenase products was inhibited by Dilazep. Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels in washed platelets were not affected by the addition of Dilazep. These results indicate that Dilazep may inhibit the release of AA from platelet membrane phospholipids, e. g. most likely inhibition of phospholipases and reduce the formation of TXA2 from released AA.
<title>Interactive Virtual View Video (IVVV) - The Bridge Between Immersive TV and 3D-TV</title> (2002)

Depth perception in images and video has been a relevant research issue for years, with the main focus on the basic idea of "stereoscopic" viewing. However, it is well known from the literature that stereovision is only one of the relevant depth cues and that motion parallax, as well as color, brightness and geometric appearance of video objects are at least of the same importance - with the individual influence being mainly dependent on the object distance. Thus, for depth perception it may sometimes be sufficient to watch pictures or movies on large screens with brilliant quality or to provide head-motion parallax viewing on conventional 2D displays. Based on this observation we introduce an open, flexible and modular immersive TV system that is backwards-compatible to today's 2D digital television and that is able to support a wide range of different 2D and 3D displays. The system is based on a three-stage concept and aims to add more and more depth cues at each additional layer.
An analysis of maternal and fetal hair lead levels (2002)

Lead contamination of the environment is an important public health consideration. There is evidence of declining blood lead levels in Britain, however, there is still concern about chronic exposure of the fetus and young children to low levels of lead and the effect that this has on neurodevelopment. Hair lead levels have been found to correlate well with body lead contamination. This study is the first to document the level of hair lead in pregnant women and their babies from an urban British population. There was no evidence of toxic maternal lead levels and the fetus is protected by the placental barrier.
Rare-earth-doped GaN switchable color electroluminescent devices (2002)

Switchable color (SC) light emission has been obtained from thin-film electroluminescent devices (ELDs) which use green Er- and red Eu-doped GaN phosphors. These two-electrode SCELDs can switch color through variation of applied bias. Different SCELD structures, which share in common a stacked GaN: Er/GaN: Eu phosphor layer, can be implemented for use with DC or AC operation. A single SCELD can emit green (537/558 nm), red (622 nm), yellow, and orange. For the DC-SCELD, an electrically rectifying GaN/p-Si interface allows polarity-dependent current paths, which induce selective luminescence of red or green phosphor layers. For the AC-SCELD, as the bias frequency is increased, bright red emission from GaN: Eu saturates while green emission from GaN: Er increases and becomes dominant. The AC-SCELD exhibits brightness levels >10 cd/m/sup 2/ and can change chromaticity coordinates by as much as /spl Delta/x>0.32 and /spl Delta/y>0.33. Application of these devices to switching between other visible and/or infrared wavelengths is envisioned based on appropriate choice of luminescent dopants in the GaN layers.
Abstract 530: MicroRNA expression profiling in MMTV-neu breast cancer mouse model (2014)

Abstract In addition to mRNA gene expression profiling, miRNA expression analyses of human breast cancers have further demonstrated another layer of the molecular diversity of this disease and may potentially be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool for breast cancer therapy and treatment. The development and use of relevant mouse models that closely reflect genetic alterations found in human breast cancers is critical to understand malignant progression in this disease and to test developmental therapeutics. The Mammary Tumour Virus (MMTV) Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) promoter-driven HER2/neu transgenic mouse model was developed to directly assess the effects of mammary gland specific expression of the neu protooncogene. Global miRNA expression profiling was performed on tumours derived from the MMTV-HER2/neu model. Normal mammary glands from FVB wild-type mice, HER2 overexpressing mammary glands from MMTV-HER2/neu transgenic mice and tumours derived from this model at different stages of the tumourigenic process were collected and microRNA expression profiling performed on them by Nanostring analysis. Differential expression of selected miRNAs, obtained by Nanostring screening, was further confirmed by quantitative Real Time analysis. By analyzing global miRNA expression profile on tissues collected from MMTV-HER2/neu mice at different stages of the tumourigenesis, we identified significant differences in miRNA expression patterns between tumours and normal mammary tissue and between non-metastatic and metastatic tumours. miRNA expression characterization of tumours at various stages of development along with gene expression in mouse models would profoundly enhance our knowledge of progressive genetic changes associated with oncogene-induced events in breast cancer. Citation Format: Claudia Piovan, Gianpiero Di Leva, Douglas Cheung, Matteo Fassan, Arpan Kumar, Dario Palmieri, Marilena V. Iorio, Carlo M. Croce. MicroRNA expression profiling in MMTV-neu breast cancer mouse model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 530. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-530
Past, Present, and Future of Periodic Mesoporous OrganosilicasThe PMOs (2005)

Periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) represent an exciting new class of organic-inorganic nanocomposites targeted for a broad range of applications such as catalysis and sensing, separations, and microelectronics. Their hallmark is the presence of organic bridging groups incorporated into the channel walls of an ordered nanoporous structure, which represents a useful tool to finely tune the chemical and physical properties of the materials. We discuss the history of the discovery and development of the PMOs emphasizing the most important recent advancements regarding compositions and structures, morphologies, and properties. Furthermore, we present an outlook about the promising future perspectives of PMOs that result from the latest developments in this field.
On the Feasibility of Machine Learning Augmented Magnetic Resonance for Point-of-Care Identification of Disease (2023)

Early detection of many life-threatening diseases (e.g., prostate and breast cancer) within at-risk population can improve clinical outcomes and reduce cost of care. While numerous disease-specific "screening" tests that are closer to Point-of-Care (POC) are in use for this task, their low specificity results in unnecessary biopsies, leading to avoidable patient trauma and wasteful healthcare spending. On the other hand, despite the high accuracy of Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging in disease diagnosis, it is not used as a POC disease identification tool because of poor accessibility. The root cause of poor accessibility of MR stems from the requirement to reconstruct high-fidelity images, as it necessitates a lengthy and complex process of acquiring large quantities of high-quality k-space measurements. In this study we explore the feasibility of an ML-augmented MR pipeline that directly infers the disease sidestepping the image reconstruction process. We hypothesise that the disease classification task can be solved using a very small tailored subset of k-space data, compared to image reconstruction. Towards that end, we propose a method that performs two tasks: 1) identifies a subset of the k-space that maximizes disease identification accuracy, and 2) infers the disease directly using the identified k-space subset, bypassing the image reconstruction step. We validate our hypothesis by measuring the performance of the proposed system across multiple diseases and anatomies. We show that comparable performance to image-based classifiers, trained on images reconstructed with full k-space data, can be achieved using small quantities of data: 8% of the data for detecting multiple abnormalities in prostate and brain scans, and 5% of the data for knee abnormalities. To better understand the proposed approach and instigate future research, we provide an extensive analysis and release code.
Haemodynamics of cardiac arrest and resuscitation (2006)

Recent studies have provided important insights into the haemodynamics of cardiac arrest and of cardiopulmonary resuscitation which may inform more effective strategies for the management of cardiac arrest in the future.
Sputtered Ge-Si heteroepitaxial thin films for photodetection in third window (2008)

DC-pulsed magnetron sputtering (PMS) allows to produce heteroepitaxial <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</i> -type Germanium thin films on 6rdquo Silicon wafers. Integrated <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> photodiodes, based on DC-PMS deposited Ge/Si heterojunctions, feature flat responsivity over the whole third communication window.
Cell Therapy, Stem Cells, and Brain Repair (2007)

As our world continues to evolve, the field of regenerative medicine f- lows suit. Although many modern day therapies focus on synthetic and na- ral medicinal treatments for brain repair, many of thes
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Novel Sulforaphane-Regulated Gene Network in Suppression of Breast Cancer–Induced Osteolytic Bone Resorption (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein in luminal-type breast cancers and normal mammary tissues.&lt;/p&gt;
Symposia (2007)

The role of protein in the obesity crisis has, until recently, been largely ignored. This is for two reasons. First, protein provides the minor part of the human energy budget. Second, protein intake has remained far more constant over time and across populations than either fat or carbohydrate, both as a percentage of energy in the diet and in terms of absolute amounts eaten. Hence, while the obesity epidemic has spread, protein intake has remained relatively unchanged -giving the impression that protein cannot be responsible.
Individual and Population Penalized Regression Splines for Accelerated Longitudinal Designs (2005)

In an accelerated longitudinal design (ALD), individuals enter the study at different points of their growth trajectory and are observed over a short time span relative to the entire time span of interest. ALD data are combined across independent units to provide an estimate of an overall population curve and predictions of individual patterns of change. As a modest extension of the work of Ruppert et al. (2003, Semiparametric Regression, Cambridge University Press), we develop a computationally efficient procedure for the application of longitudinal semiparametric methods under ALD sampling schemes. We compare balanced and complete longitudinal designs to ALDs using the Berkeley Growth Study data and apply our method to longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain structure size (volume) measurements from an ongoing developmental study. Potential applications extend beyond growth studies to many other fields in which cost and feasibility constraints impose restrictions on sample size and on the numbers and timings of repeated measurements across subjects.
Modeling and Simulation of a Wave Energy Converter INWAVE (2017)

INGINE Inc. developed its own wave energy converter (WEC) named INWAVE and has currently installed three prototype modules in Jeju Island, Korea. This device is an on-shore-type WEC that consists of a buoy, pulleys fixed to the sea-floor and a power take off module (PTO). Three ropes are moored tightly on the bottom of the buoy and connected to the PTO via the pulleys, which are moving back and forth according to the motion of the buoy. Since the device can harness wave energy from all six degrees of movement of the buoy, it is possible to extract energy efficiently even under low energy density conditions provided in the coastal areas. In the PTO module, the ratchet gears convert the reciprocating movement of the rope drum into a uni-directional rotation and determine the transmission of power from the relation of the angular velocities between the rope drum and the generator. In this process, the discontinuity of the power transmission occurs and causes the modeling divergence. Therefore, we introduce the concept of the virtual torsion spring in order to prevent the impact error in the ratchet gear module, thereby completing the PTO modeling. In this paper, we deal with dynamic analysis in the time domain, based on Newtonian mechanics and linear wave theory. We derive the combined dynamics of the buoy and PTO modules via geometric relation between the buoy and mooring ropes, then suggest the ratchet gear mechanism with the virtual torsion spring element to reduce the dynamic errors during the phase transitions. Time domain simulation is carried out under irregular waves that reflect the actual wave states of the installation area, and we evaluate the theoretical performance using the capture width ratio.
Novel function of STAT1β in B cells: induction of cell death by a mechanism different from that of STAT1α (2008)

Alternate splicing of STAT1 produces two isoforms: alpha, known as the active form, and beta, previously shown to act as a dominant-negative factor. Most studies have dealt with STAT1alpha, showing its involvement in cell growth control and cell death. To examine the specific function of either isoform in cell death, a naturally STAT1-deficient human B cell line was transfected to express STAT1alpha or STAT1beta. STAT1alpha, expressed alone, enhanced cell death, potentiated the fludarabine-induced apoptosis, and enhanced the nuclear location, the phosphorylation, and the transcriptional activity of p53. Unexpectedly, STAT1beta, expressed alone, induced cell death through a mechanism that was independent of the nuclear function of p53. Indeed, in STAT1beta-expressing B cells, p53 was strictly cytoplasmic where it formed clusters, and there was no induction of the transcriptional activity of p53. These data reveal a novel role of STAT1beta in programmed cell death, which is independent of p53.
Acquisition of plasmin activity and induction of arachidonic acid release byStreptococcus suisin contact with human brain microvascular endothelial cells (2005)

Infections caused by Streptococcus suis, a major swine pathogen, include meningitis, arthritis, pneumonia and septicaemia. In this study, we investigated interactions that may occur between human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), the main constituent of the blood-brain barrier, and S. suis. We show that S. suis acquires plasmin activity in a time-dependent manner when in contact with cultured HBMEC. Cell-associated plasmin activity reached a plateau following a 48h co-incubation period. Zymography analysis revealed that HBMEC produce urokinase, which is probably involved in activation of plasminogen bound to S. suis. We also show that a S. suis culture supernatant which possesses both phospholipase C and haemolysin (suilysin) activities was able to induce the release of arachidonic acid from the membrane of HBMEC. Evidence suggests that the action of suilysin on HBMEC may be a prerequisite for the action of additional molecules such as phospholipase C. These new biological effects associated with S. suis may play an important role in the migration of S. suis through the blood-brain barrier and in the modulation of local inflammation.
Characterization of `Gala' Apple Aroma and Flavor: Differences between Controlled Atmosphere and Air Storage (1999)

Aroma and flavor characters of `Gala' apples [ Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. `Gala'] were identified by 10 trained panelists. A vocabulary of 13 aroma descriptors and 16 flavor descriptors were used to characterize changes in controlled atmosphere (CA) and air, or regular atmosphere (RA) storage over 20 weeks. When compared with RA storage, the intensity of fruity (pear, banana, and strawberry) and floral descriptors decreased after 10 weeks in CA for whole and cut fruit aroma and flavor. During the entire storage period under CA, aroma of cut apples retained high vegetative and citrus characters but had a less intense anise aroma. Sourness and astringency were significantly higher for CA-stored apples, and sweetness was significantly lower. A musty note was perceived in whole apples stored in CA for 20 weeks. Aroma of whole fruit stored for 16 weeks in CA followed by 4 weeks in RA was higher in fruitiness, banana, floral, and anise characters when compared with apples stored 20 weeks in CA. There was no difference between fruit stored in CA followed by RA versus CA stored apples for flavor and aroma of cut fruit. Changes in descriptor ratings during storage are discussed in relation to gas chromatography and olfactometry data obtained with the Osme method.
Cutting through the complexity of cell collectives (2013)

Via strength in numbers, groups of cells can influence their environments in ways that individual cells cannot. Large-scale structural patterns and collective functions underpinning virulence, tumour growth and bacterial biofilm formation are emergent properties of coupled physical and biological processes within cell groups. Owing to the abundance of factors influencing cell group behaviour, deriving general principles about them is a daunting challenge. We argue that combining mechanistic theory with theoretical ecology and evolution provides a key strategy for clarifying how cell groups form, how they change in composition over time, and how they interact with their environments. Here, we review concepts that are critical for dissecting the complexity of cell collectives, including dimensionless parameter groups, individual-based modelling and evolutionary theory. We then use this hybrid modelling approach to provide an example analysis of the evolution of cooperative enzyme secretion in bacterial biofilms.
Abstract C82: Identification and preclinical characterization of inhibitors of the ubiquitin-activating enzymes UBA1 and UBA6. (2011)

Abstract Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is dedicated to the discovery and development of novel oncology therapeutics in the area of protein homeostasis. Here we report the identification and characterization of compounds that target the ubiquitin activating enzymes, UBA1 and UBA6. These compounds are mechanism based inhibitors that inactivate the ubiquitin E1 enzymes by forming a ubiquitin compound adduct that remains tightly associated with the E1 adenylate binding site. Treatment of cells with these inhibitors results in cellular effects consistent with known Uba1 biology including rapid loss of E2 ubiquitin thioesters, loss of total ubiquitin conjugates, and accumulation of many ubiquitin proteasome system substrates. Following prolonged treatment, cells primarily arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and ultimately undergo apoptosis. Reflecting the extensive cellular roles of ubiquitin, the compounds also impact global protein turnover, ER stress and DNA damage repair. UBA1 inhibition impairs ubiquitination of PCNA and the Fanconia Anemia protein FANCD2 leading to defective repair of UV induced DNA damage. UBA1 inhibition impacts numerous biological pathways relevant to cancer, results in apoptosis in vitro and is capable of inhibiting tumor growth in mouse xenografts in vivo. These data implicate UBA1 as a target for the treatment of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C82.
Damage Tolerant ECC for Integrity of Structures under Extreme Loads (2009)

Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC), a highly ductile concrete material with a tensile strain capacity several hundred times that of normal concrete, is establishing itself as a new construction material that can lead to substantial improvements in structural performance. A number of full-scale structural applications of ECC in the US and in Japan indicate that various unique characteristics of ECC, including its tensile ductility and self-controlled crack width, can be exploited to enhance structural safety and durability. This paper reviews the unique characteristics of ECC important to structural applications. Specifically, the tensile, shear and flexural ductility of ECC, and the distinctive nature of microcracking during inelastic deformation will be discussed in the context of structural member damage tolerance and energy absorption capacity under earthquake loading. The ductility of ECC will also be discussed in the context of resistance to penetration and fragmentation in protective structures subjected to impact loads. Finally, it is suggested that the ability to systematically tailor ECC for strength, ductility and stiffness, as well as other material characteristics provides expanded design space for structural member performance optimization much beyond that with normal reinforced concrete. This paper draws heavily from that contained in a book chapter on ECC by the author and from an article on impact resistance design of ECC.
The Transition Rules of 2D Linear Cellular Automata Over Ternary Field and Self-Replicating Patterns (2015)

In this paper we start with two-dimensional (2D) linear cellular automata (CA) in relation with basic mathematical structure. We investigate uniform linear 2D CA over ternary field, i.e. ℤ 3 . Present work is related to theoretical and imaginary investigations of 2D linear CA. Even though the basic construction of a CA is a discrete model, its macroscopic level behavior at large times and on large scales could be a close approximation to a continuous system. Considering some statistical properties, someone may also study geometrical aspects of patterns generated by cellular automaton evolution. After iteratively applying the linear rules, CA have been shown capable of producing interesting complex behaviors. Some examples of CA produce remarkably regular behavior on finite configurations. Using some simple initial configurations, the produced pattern can be self-replicating regarding some linear rules. Here we deal with the theory 2D uniform periodic, adiabatic and reflexive boundary CA (2D PB, AB and RB) over the ternary field ℤ 3 and the applications of image processing for patterns generation. From the visual appearance of the patterns, it is seen that some rules display sensitive dependence on boundary conditions and their rule numbers.