gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epstein-Barr virus induces aggressive lymphoproliferative disorders of human B cell origin in SCID/hu chimeric mice. (1990)

C.B-17 scid mice were reconstituted by intraperitoneal injection of human tonsil cells or PBL from EBV-seronegative donors. Subsequent injection of EBV resulted in the rapid development (within 19-33 d) of aggressive, fatal, lymphoproliferative disorders of human B cell origin. Autopsies revealed solid tumors in the abdomen, and occasionally in the liver, thymus, or spleen. Histopathologic analysis showed that the tumors were high-grade immunoblastic lymphomas and FACS analyses of tumor cells indicated that they were of human B-lymphoid origin. The tumor cells grew in vitro and induced new tumors on injection into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Karyotypic analysis and Southern blots for c-myc or bcl-2 rearrangements revealed no chromosomal abnormalities and translocations. Southern blot analysis also showed that the cells possessed EBV DNA sequences. Although these tumors undoubtedly reflect infection of the transferred B cells with EBV in vivo, intraperitoneal transfer of short-term lymphoid cell lines transformed in vitro with EBV resulted in ascites production without evidence of tumor formation.
Data aggregation at the level of molecular pathways improves stability of experimental transcriptomic and proteomic data (2017)

High throughput technologies opened a new era in biomedicine by enabling massive analysis of gene expression at both RNA and protein levels. Unfortunately, expression data obtained in different experiments are often poorly compatible, even for the same biologic samples. Here, using experimental and bioinformatic investigation of major experimental platforms, we show that aggregation of gene expression data at the level of molecular pathways helps to diminish cross- and intra-platform bias otherwise clearly seen at the level of individual genes. We created a mathematical model of cumulative suppression of data variation that predicts the ideal parameters and the optimal size of a molecular pathway. We compared the abilities to aggregate experimental molecular data for the 5 alternative methods, also evaluated by their capacity to retain meaningful features of biologic samples. The bioinformatic method OncoFinder showed optimal performance in both tests and should be very useful for future cross-platform data analyses.
19‐4: Ultra‐Long‐Life Deep‐Blue OLED Device Achieved by Controlling the Carrier Recombination Site (2021)

The durability of a deep‐blue OLED device has been successfully improved by controlling the shift of the carrier recombination‐site during driving. This method can effectively suppress initial degradation and achieved an ultralong‐life device with an LT95 exceeding 800 h at a current density of 50 mA/cm 2 .
High Resolution Volume Holography using Orthogonal Data Storage (1991)

Holographic volume data storage has long been an intriguing subject of research interest. The main reason for this interest is the promise of enormous data storage capacities. In a long volume, storage of 1012 bits or more is possible using visible light (1). However, to date, all attempts at attaining and demonstrating a volume holographic data storage system of this density have fallen far short of this theoretical limit (2-6). Although materials limitations contributed to this shortcoming, of more fundamental importance, however, were the problems associated with the angular multiplexing schemes used to holographically access the volume of the storage medium (7-9).
Precursor Reaction Method With High Ga Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)$_{2}$ to Achieve Increased Open-Circuit Voltage (2020)

The precursor reaction process for the fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells potentially allows for low-cost fabrication and scalable processing for manufacturing. Additionally, this process has yielded record efficiencies in lab-scale experiments. Thus far, research on the precursor reaction method has been restricted to relatively low Ga compositions with Ga/(In+Ga) ≈ 25%. By increasing the ratio of Ga, it is possible to increase the bandgap, and thus, increase the open-circuit voltage. This work develops and characterizes the precursor reaction process for use with Ga/(In+Ga) ≈ 50%, with the goal of improving the open-circuit voltage and efficiency. It is shown that with an increased Ga ratio, increased V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> is achieved, but the rate of conversion from the precursor to absorber phases is decreased. Additionally, increased Ga improves the film adhesion at increased selenization temperatures as well as improving the film morphology.
Alignment of the CMS tracker with LHC and cosmic ray data (2014)

Studies of $${\mathrm {B}} ^{*}_{{\mathrm {s}}2}(5840)^0 $$Bs2(5840)0 and $${\mathrm {B}} _{{\mathrm {s}}1}(5830)^0 $$Bs1(5830)0 mesons including the observation of the $${\mathrm {B}} ^{*}_{{\mathrm {s}}2}(5840)^0 \rightarrow {\mathrm {B}} ^0 \mathrm {K} ^0_{\mathrm {S}} A. M. Sirunyan et al -Fibre Bragg Gratings to monitor the deformations of a silicon microstrip vertex detector R. Don&#224 and and M. Lorenzini
Manipulation of Origin of Life Molecules: Recognizing Single-Molecule Conformations in β-Carotene and Chlorophyll-a/β-Carotene Clusters (2017)

Carotenoids and chlorophyll are essential parts of plant leaves and are involved in photosynthesis, a vital biological process responsible for the origin of life on Earth. Here, we investigate how β-carotene and chlorophyll-a form mixed molecular phases on a Au(111) surface using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and molecular manipulation at the single-molecule level supported by density functional theory calculations. By isolating individual molecules from nanoscale molecular clusters with a scanning tunneling microscope tip, we are able to identify five β-carotene conformations including a structure exhibiting a three-dimensional conformation. Furthermore, molecular resolution images enable direct visualization of β-carotene/chlorophyll-a clsuters, with intimate structural details highlighting how they pair: β-carotene preferentially positions next to chlorophyll-a and induces switching of chlorophyll-a from straight to several bent tail conformations in the molecular clusters.
A Novel Cell-Sweeping based Base Stations Deployment for Coverage, Throughput, and Energy Efficiency Enhancement (2022)

Network coverage is an increasing concern for the Quality of Service (QoS) targets of new mobile technologies. New solutions designed to fulfill the requirements of the existing fifthgeneration (5G) and upcoming sixth-generation (6G) emerging scenarios are based on deploying a high number of network access points (APs), which tend to considerably degrade coverage and cell-edge performance due to added interference and increase the energy consumption of cellular systems. In this paper, we present new results on our recently proposed novel concept of cell-sweeping that aims to minimize the coverage dead-spots and improve cell-edge user performance. More specifically, the concept is explored further in this paper analyzing the impact of different cell-sweeping configurations and evaluating the potential benefits towards achieving energy efficiency. By means of system level computer simulations, it is shown that cell-sweeping provides energy savings of 11% and 26.5% for a similar average and cell-edge user throughput performance, respectively, when compared to the conventional static cell deployment in a typical urban macro cell scenario.
Contact Killing of Bacteria on Copper Is Suppressed if Bacterial-Metal Contact Is Prevented and Is Induced on Iron by Copper Ions (2013)

Bacteria are rapidly killed on copper surfaces, and copper ions released from the surface have been proposed to play a major role in the killing process. However, it has remained unclear whether contact of the bacteria with the copper surface is also an important factor. Using laser interference lithography, we engineered copper surfaces which were covered with a grid of an inert polymer which prevented contact of the bacteria with the surface. Using Enterococcus hirae as a model organism, we showed that the release of ionic copper from these modified surfaces was not significantly reduced. In contrast, killing of bacteria was strongly attenuated. When E. hirae cells were exposed to a solid iron surface, the loss of cell viability was the same as on glass. However, exposing cells to iron in the presence of 4 mM CuSO4 led to complete killing in 100 min. These experiments suggest that contact killing proceeds by a mechanism whereby the metal-bacterial contact damages the cell envelope, which, in turn, makes the cells susceptible to further damage by copper ions.
Self-focusing of CO_2 laser pulses in low-pressure SF_6 (1981)

We point out the importance of intensity-dependent refractive-index effects when measuring transmission or absorption characteristics of gases with high-power TEA CO(2) laser pulses. An example is given showing how self-focusing in low-pressure SF(6) gas severely affected the transmission of a Gaussian beam. This effect increased rapidly with pressure but remained unchanged when the TEA CO(2) fluence varied from 0.3 to 1.0 J/cm(2).
Diffusion tensor distribution imaging of an in vivo mouse brain at ultrahigh magnetic field by spatiotemporal encoding (2020)

Diffusion tensor distribution (DTD) imaging builds on principles from diffusion, solid-state and low-field NMR spectroscopies, to quantify the contents of heterogeneous voxels as nonparametric distributions, with tensor "size", "shape" and orientation having direct relations to corresponding microstructural properties of biological tissues. The approach requires the acquisition of multiple images as a function of the magnitude, shape and direction of the diffusion-encoding gradients, leading to long acquisition times unless fast image read-out techniques like EPI are employed. While in previous in vivo human brain studies performed at 3 T this proved a viable option, porting these measurements to very high magnetic fields and/or to heterogeneous organs induces B<sub>0</sub> - and B<sub>1</sub> -inhomogeneity artifacts that challenge the limits of EPI. To overcome such challenges, we demonstrate here that high spatial resolution DTD of mouse brain can be carried out at 15.2 T with a surface-cryoprobe, by relying on SPatiotemporal ENcoding (SPEN) imaging sequences. These new acquisition and data-processing protocols are demonstrated with measurements on in vivo mouse brain, and validated with synthetic phantoms designed to mimic the diffusion properties of white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid. While still in need of full extensions to 3D mappings and of scanning additional animals to extract more general physiological conclusions, this work represents another step towards the model-free, noninvasive in vivo characterization of tissue microstructure and heterogeneity in animal models, at ≈0.1 mm resolutions.
Generating labels from clicks (2009)

The ranking function used by search engines to order results is learned from labeled training data. Each training point is a (query, URL) pair that is labeled by a human judge who assigns a score of Perfect, Excellent, etc., depending on how well the URL matches the query. In this paper, we study whether clicks can be used to automatically generate good labels. Intuitively, documents that are clicked (resp., skipped) in aggregate can indicate relevance (resp., lack of relevance). We give a novel way of transforming clicks into weighted, directed graphs inspired by eye-tracking studies and then devise an objective function for finding cuts in these graphs that induce a good labeling. In its full generality, the problem is NP-hard, but we show that, in the case of two labels, an optimum labeling can be found in linear time. For the more general case, we propose heuristic solutions. Experiments on real click logs show that click-based labels align with the opinion of a panel of judges, especially as the consensus of the panel grows stronger.
IR Supercontinuum Generation in As-Se Photonic Crystal Fiber (2005)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. B. Shaw, P. A. Thielen, F. H. Kung, V. Q. Nguyen, J. S. Sanghera, and I. D. Aggarwal, "IR Supercontinuum Generation in As-Se Photonic Crystal Fiber," in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, 2005), paper TuC5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
P‐104: 4.8” QVGA Electrochromic Displays Driven by Oxide TFTs (2010)

Abstract We have developed 4.8″ QVGA active matrix electrochromic displays(AMECD) based on oxide TFTs backplane. for the high resolution(100PPI) and gray scalable(16 levels) display, Cross‐talk free structure and a unique process to deposit selectively titanium dioxide on each pixel electrode were presented.
Front Matter: Volume 6804 (2008)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE-IS&amp;T Proceedings Volume 6804, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing.
A 2.0 μm cutoff wavelength separate absorption, charge, and multiplication layer avalanche photodiode using strain-compensated InGaAs quantum wells (1999)

We report an avalanche photodiode structure for use at wavelengths as long as 2.1 μm. Light is absorbed in a 100 period structure consisting of In0.83Ga0.17As quantum wells strain compensated by In0.83Ga0.17P barrier layers. Photogenerated electrons are injected into a high field In0.52Al0.48As (ionization rate ratio=0.2) gain region initiating low noise avalanche multiplication. Primary dark currents of ∼5 nA and responsivities of 45 A/W at a wavelength of 1.9 μm are observed.
A dual osteoconductive-osteoprotective implantable device for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation (2023)

Repair of large oral bone defects such as vertical alveolar ridge augmentation could benefit from the rapidly developing additive manufacturing technology used to create personalized osteoconductive devices made from porous tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (TCP/HA)-based bioceramics. These devices can be also used as hydrogel carriers to improve their osteogenic potential. However, the TCP/HA constructs are prone to brittle fracture, therefore their use in clinical situations is difficult. As a solution, we propose the protection of this osteoconductive multi-material (herein called “core”) with a shape-matched “cover” made from biocompatible poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL), which is a ductile, and thus more resistant polymeric material. In this report, we present a workflow starting from patient-specific medical scans in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format files, up to the design and 3D printing of a hydrogel-loaded porous TCP/HA core and of its corresponding PCL cover. This cover could also facilitate the anchoring of the device to the patient's defect site via fixing screws. The large, linearly aligned pores in the TCP/HA bioceramic core, their sizes, and their filling with an alginate hydrogel were analyzed by micro-CT. Moreover, we created a finite element analysis (FEA) model of this dual-function device, which permits the simulation of its mechanical behavior in various anticipated clinical situations, as well as optimization before surgery. In conclusion, we designed and 3D-printed a novel, structurally complex multi-material osteoconductive-osteoprotective device with anticipated mechanical properties suitable for large-defect oral bone regeneration.
The latest progress on electron transfer in macro-molecule-metal complexes and future scope of MMC (2000)

We have been developing a method to regulate the electronic processes of the O2-coordinated metal complexes using macromolecules, including synthetic polymers, molecular assemblies, and multi-nuclear complexes. Acceleration of the electron transfer leads a variety of molecular conversions. Mixed valent vanadyl complexes, for example, act as a multi-electron transfer mediator for the oxidative polymerization of the diphenyl disulfide, and a pure and high molecular weight poly(thiophenylene) can be obtained. At the same time, the dinuclear vanadium complex acts as an efficient catalyst for the four-electron reduction of dioxygen to water. We have recently expanded this reaction to other μ-OXO dimeric complexes. On the other hand, prevention of the electron transfer process increases the stability of the O2-adduct compounds. The tetraphenylporphyrinato-iron(II) derivative incorporated into human serum albumin can reversibly bind and release dioxygen under physiological conditions (in aqueous media, pH 7.3, 37°C) like hemoglobin and myoglobin. The micro-environment around the porphyrinatoiron in the albumin structure retards the irreversible oxidation of the central iron(II). The O2-binding ability of this synthetic hemoprotein satisfies the clinical requirements for O2-infusion as a red blood cell substitute.
Personalized and Dynamic top-k Recommendation System using Context Aware Deep Reinforcement Learning (2021)

With the ever-increasing number of choices in just about every domain, ranging from e-commerce platforms to music and video streaming apps, it requires a highly personalized and best-in-class experience to make the users stay. Relevant, dynamic and smart item recommendations play a significant role in providing quality user experience. The majority of existing work either relies on explicit user feedback or gives static recommendations that poorly adapt to the changing user preferences. This paper proposes novel model architectures, namely, Sequential Feature Bandits(SFB) and Cross Feature Bandits(CFB) for providing online top-k context-aware recommendations. It leverages the item features, and uses implicit user feedback with a reinforcement learning backed dynamic algorithm. We use deep-q learning to maximize the cumulative estimated reward(CMR) and click-through rate(CTR) along with an experience replay strategy to prevent the proposed models from getting destabilized. Detailed experiments were conducted on a commercially available news article data set with implicit user-feedback and user-item context features. A thorough experimentation shows an average increase of 23.4% in CTR values and proves the effectiveness of the proposed SFB and CFB architectures for real-time recommendation.
Multibit decoding/encoding of binary codes using memory based architectures (2002)

We present new memory based architectures for the design of special purpose hardware for real-time compression and decompression of data. The architecture is based on a novel idea of mapping the decode/encode tree of any binary code on to a memory device that corresponds to simultaneous decoding/encoding of multiple bits. The hardware is programmable, adaptable and yields a high compression rate. Using 1 μm CMOS process technology, this could easily lead to over 100 Mbits/sec compression rate for the JPEG baseline compression scheme.
In Reference to Mapping Genetic Susceptibility to Stenosis in the Proximal Airway (2023)

Primary epithelial cell models to provide insights into subglottic stenosis. We read with interest the recent study by Sharif et al.1 Using computational analyses of a previous scRNA-seq from seven idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients and three matched controls, the authors described a central role for a dysregulated epithelium in the pathophysiology of SGS. This study of genetic risk in SGS showed that TGFβ response pathways and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were prominently implicated. The findings compliment and extend previous work from the group, and the North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC), to provide collaborative new translational research into SGS. We thank Sharif et al. for referencing our work investigating the role of EMT in lung allograft dysfunction2 and collaborative research with Australian investigators in smoking-related pathophysiology, which provided context for their work in SGS.3 We agree that EMT-related airways remodeling in SGS might be a key area to research2, 3 and have previously developed primary and cell-line-based models to study pathways of epithelial injury in SGS. We think our results may be complimentary to the computational data presented by Sharif et al.4-6 Gastroesophageal reflux disease has been implicated in patients with iSGS7 and we found that bile acids were a potent stimulus for EMT in primary epithelial cells grown from patient subglottic brushings. Related work indicated that having a role in airways remodeling EMT is an important mechanism in malignancy2, 3 and may be a mechanistic link for the increased risk associated with airflow obstruction per se, over and above risk associated with smoking. We suggest that primary airway culture systems may have a key role in further research. Patient-derived cell models are amenable to studying differences in disease pathophysiology related to age and sex, for example,8 and allow the screening of potential new treatment approaches.9 We suggest that this has the potential to compliment the elegant computational methods of Sharif et al. and work of others implicating EMT in iSGS.10
An Ag/HfO2/Pt Threshold Switching Device with an Ultra-Low Leakage (< 10 fA), High On/OffRatio (> 1011), and Low Threshold Voltage (< 0.2 V) for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing (2021)

Threshold switching (TS) devices are of great interest for low power artificial neuron applications. In this work, we present an Ag/HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Pt based TS device with an ultra-low leakage current (<; 10 fA), a large on-to-off ratio (> 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> ), fast turn-on and turn-off speeds (<; 300 ns and <; 250 ns, respectively), low threshold voltage (<; 0.2 V), and a stable TS performance. Furthermore, we demonstrate the integrate-and-fire (I&F) neuron functionality of our device experimentally. The inherent stochastic behavior and simple structure make TS devices an ideal candidate for replacing the complex and large-size CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) based neurons. This paves the way towards building energy- and area-efficient neuromorphic systems.
Tools for modeling, simulation, control, and verification of piecewise affine systems (2009)

Tools for mixed logical dynamical and piecewise affine systems based on the model description language HYSDEL are described. They concern various modeling, identification, analysis, control design, and verification tasks. The data exchange format explained in this chapter facilitates the combination of these tools.
The Optimal Multiplier Method for Nonlinear Robustness Analysis (1990)

This paper addresses the problem of characterizing the stability of an exponentially stable, linear time invariant system connected with a single feedback monotone nonlinearity. By using the optimal multiplier approach as in [1], this problem is transformed to a constrained infinite dimensional optimization. A sequence of approximate finite dimensional problems is then constructed and three algorithms are proposed for their solutions. In applying these algorithms to a large number of examples, convergence is typically very fast, and a surprisingly many of them are found to satisfy the Kalman Conjecture.