gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible and Stretchable Oxide Electronics (2016)

Electronic applications that offer flexibility and stretchability have attracted increasing interest over the past few years because of their potential applications in, for example, electronic skin and bio‐inspired devices, where electronics based on current wafer‐based technology are not suitable. Metal‐oxide‐based binary and ternary systems offer the opportunity for large‐area uniform synthesis of materials with excellent electrical performance. This review mainly focuses on basic flexibility and stretchability concepts that can be integrated and applied to all inorganic‐material‐based electronic devices. Possible fabrication methods are also discussed, and oxide‐based electronic applications summarized in this context. Finally, the review is concluded with a discussion of future prospects of oxides in flexible and stretchable devices.
The Geometric Basis of Semi-Supervised Learning (2006)

Abstract This chapter presents an algorithmic framework for semi-supervised inference based on geometric properties of probability distributions. This approach brings together Laplacian-based spectral techniques, regularization with kernel methods, and algorithms for manifold learning. This framework provides a natural semi-supervised extension for kernel methods and resolves the problem of out-of-sample inference in graph-based transduction. An interpretation is discussed here in terms of a family of globally defined data-dependent kernels and unsupervised learning within the same framework is also addressed. The algorithms in this chapter effectively exploit both manifold and cluster assumptions to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on various classification tasks. This chapter also reviews other recent work on out-of-sample extension for transductive graph-based methods.
Depth aspect images for robust object recognition (2003)

In order to gain generality, robustness and efficiency in search, a novel search is proposed based on a representation called `Depth aspect image' is proposed as a controllable two-dimensional representation of local depth distribution used in cooperation with a distinct `Voxel framing', which enables effective reference coordination without any prominent features, such as vertices or edges. A robust statistical estimator called `Least quantile of residuals' is furthermore introduced for robust matching, which can be utilized for both depth matching and model verification. Since the proposed method is of model-based approach with possible views of local structures, the computation cost for matching has to be reduced by introducing random sampling and an effective hashing. Experiments with real scenes show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Fuzzy World of Precision Medicine: Deliberations of a Precision Medicine Tumor Board (2016)

Both scientific evidence and the social context surrounding deliberations of a CPM-TB influenced decisions about return of results. Subjective elements, while present in any scientific endeavor, may carry more weight in the face of ambiguous findings.
Synthesis of Inorganic/Organic Host−Guest Hybrid Materials by Cationic Vinyl Polymerization within Y Zeolites and MCM-41 (2001)

Cationic guest polymerizations of several vinyl monomers inside the pores of HY zeolites and MCM-41 as hosts have been used for the synthesis of novel organic/inorganic hybrid materials. Substituted vinyl ethers [ROCHCH2; R = −CH2CH(CH3)2, −C2H5, −C2H4Cl, −C6H11], 2,3-dihydrofuran, and N-vinylcarbazole can serve this purpose, because their polymerization can be initiated by the active protons in HY zeolite or by coadsorbed arylmethylium ions in MCM-41. The synthesis of well-defined poly(vinyl ethers) or poly(vinylcarbazole) under the conditions of constricted geometry can be achieved by means of cationic host−guest polymerization of the corresponding monomers in MCM-41 (pore diameter 3.6 nm) with (4-CH3OC6H4)2CHCl (MeO) or (C6H5)3CCl (TC) as the internal surface initiator. The reaction products are novel polymer/MCM-41 host−guest hybrid materials. The molecular mass of the (enclosed) polymer and the percentage of polymer within the pores of MCM-41 as well as HY zeolite can be adjusted within certain limits. Polymeric products are analyzed by solid-state magic angle spinning cross-polarization 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography analyses of the obtained polymer fraction after dissolution of the hybrid material in an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. The formation of conjugated sequences of poly(vinyl ether) segments inside the HY zeolites is caused by successive ether cleavage along the encapsulated polymer chains.
System Design and Performance Characterization of a MEMS-Based Laser Scanning Time-of-Flight Sensor Based on a 256 $\times$ 64-pixel Single-Photon Imager (2013)

This paper reports on a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system that incorporates a microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) mirror scanner and a single-photon imager. The proposed architecture enables a high signal-to-background ratio due to pixel-level synchronization of the single-photon imager and the MEMS mirror. It also allows the receiving optics to feature a large aperture, yet utilizing a small MEMS device. The MEMS actuator achieves a mechanical scanning amplitude of ±4° horizontally and ±3° vertically, while the field of view of the overall sensor is 45 by 110. Distance images were acquired outdoors in order to qualitatively evaluate our sensor imaging capabilities. Quantitative ranging performance characterization carried out under 10 klx of ambient light revealed a precision of 14.5 cm throughout the distance range to 25 m, thus leading to a relative precision of 0.58%.
High-Speed Nanometer-Resolved Imaging-Based Laser Vibrometry (2011)

We report a new type of laser vibrometer that performs high-speed imaging-based surface vibration measurements with ~1 nm axial resolution at a record scan rate of 36.7 MHz without the need for beam scanning.
DNA repair deficiency biomarkers and the 70-gene ultra-high risk signature as predictors of veliparib/carboplatin response in the I-SPY 2 breast cancer trial (2017)

Veliparib combined with carboplatin (VC) was an experimental regimen evaluated in the biomarker-rich neoadjuvant I-SPY 2 trial for breast cancer. VC showed improved efficacy in the triple negative signature. However, not all triple negative patients achieved pathologic complete response and some HR+HER2- patients responded. Pre-specified analysis of five DNA repair deficiency biomarkers (BRCA1/2 germline mutation; PARPi-7, <i>BRCA1</i>ness, and CIN70 expression signatures; and PARP1 protein) was performed on 116 HER2- patients (VC: 72 and concurrent controls: 44). We also evaluated the 70-gene ultra-high risk signature (MP1/2), one of the biomarkers used to define subtype in the trial. We used logistic modeling to assess biomarker performance. Successful biomarkers were combined using a simple voting scheme to refine the 'predicted sensitive' group and Bayesian modeling used to estimate the pathologic complete response rates. BRCA1/2 germline mutation status associated with VC response, but its low prevalence precluded further evaluation. PARPi-7, <i>BRCA1</i>ness, and MP1/2 specifically associated with response in the VC arm but not the control arm. Neither CIN70 nor PARP1 protein specifically predicted VC response. When we combined the PARPi-7 and MP1/2 classifications, the 42% of triple negative patients who were PARPi7-high and MP2 had an estimated pCR rate of 75% in the VC arm. Only 11% of HR+/HER2- patients were PARPi7-high and MP2; but these patients were also more responsive to VC with estimated pathologic complete response rates of 41%. PARPi-7, <i>BRCA1</i>ness and MP1/2 signatures may help refine predictions of VC response, thereby improving patient care.
FluidNet (2013)

Cloud-based radio access networks (C-RAN) have been proposed as a cost-efficient way of deploying small cells. Unlike conventional RANs, a C-RAN decouples the baseband processing unit (BBU) from the remote radio head (RRH), allowing for centralized operation of BBUs and scalable deployment of light-weight RRHs as small cells. In this work, we argue that the intelligent configuration of the front-haul network between the BBUs and RRHs, is essential in delivering the performance and energy benefits to the RAN and the BBU pool, respectively. We then propose FluidNet - a scalable, light-weight framework for realizing the full potential of C-RAN. FluidNet deploys a logically re-configurable front-haul to apply appropriate transmission strategies in different parts of the network and hence cater effectively to both heterogeneous user profiles and dynamic traffic load patterns. FluidNet's algorithms determine configurations that maximize the traffic demand satisfied on the RAN, while simultaneously optimizing the compute resource usage in the BBU pool. We prototype FluidNet on a 6 BBU, 6 RRH WiMAX C-RAN testbed. Prototype evaluations and large-scale simulations reveal that FluidNet's ability to re-configure its front-haul and tailor transmission strategies provides a 50% improvement in satisfying traffic demands, while reducing the compute resource usage in the BBU pool by 50% compared to baseline transmission schemes.
SMURF: Self-Teaching Multi-Frame Unsupervised RAFT with Full-Image\n Warping (2021)

We present SMURF, a method for unsupervised learning of optical flow that\nimproves state of the art on all benchmarks by $36\\%$ to $40\\%$ (over the prior\nbest method UFlow) and even outperforms several supervised approaches such as\nPWC-Net and FlowNet2. Our method integrates architecture improvements from\nsupervised optical flow, i.e. the RAFT model, with new ideas for unsupervised\nlearning that include a sequence-aware self-supervision loss, a technique for\nhandling out-of-frame motion, and an approach for learning effectively from\nmulti-frame video data while still only requiring two frames for inference.\n
NB-WiFi: IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth Low Energy Combined for Efficient Support of IoT (2017)

Key features of the two dominating standards for the unlicensed bands, IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth Wireless Technology, are combined to obtain a physical layer (PHY) with several desirable features for internet of things (IoT). The proposed PHY, which is referred to as Narrow-band WiFi (NB-WiFi) can be supported by an OFDM transceiver available in an IEEE 802.11 access point (AP). In addition, NB-WiFi supports concurrent use of low data rate IoT application and high data rate broadband using IEEE 802.11ax technology, based on a single IFFT/FFT in the AP. In the sensor node, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) hardware can be reused, making it suitable for dual mode implementation of BLE and NB-WiFi. The performance of the proposed PHY is simulated for an AWGN channel, and it achieves about 10 dB improved sensitivity compared to a typical BLE receiver, due to the lower data rate.
Study of the pseudopolymorphism in the host–guest systems (2004)

Supramolecular chemistry has opened a broad field of investigations to solid state physicists by its ability to produce new self-assembly materials [1]. A prototype tubular example of supramolecular self-organization is given by inclusion crystals, such as urea nanoporous compounds The host urea molecule forms hydrogen-bonded hexagonal channels of 5.5 diameter in which long guest chains like alkanes are densely packed in a one-dimensional arrangement. This simple paradigm crystal offers a unique opportunity to address at a fundamental level the question of the nature and the roles of interactions in self-organized architectures. Original physical properties in these host-guest materials are related to their aperiodic feature which, unambiguously, appears in their superspace diffraction pattern Here, we will present two quite new and unexpected results obtained in urea-alkane using neutron diffraction under Helium hydrostatic pressure: -the existence of a selective compressibility of the host and guest sublattice [4] -a total unexpected ordered phase where ordering does not require any apparent deformation of the host [5].
Supplementary Table S2 from ERK Inhibitor LY3214996 Targets ERK Pathway–Driven Cancers: A Therapeutic Approach Toward Precision Medicine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Abs IC50 of LY3214996 and ERK pathway alterations in 60 cancer cell lines profiled for antitumor activity in cell proliferation assay&lt;/p&gt;
MDA-9/Syntenin regulates differentiation and angiogenesis programs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2014)

Little is known about the molecular pathways regulating poor differentiation and invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we aimed to determine the role of MDA-9/Syntenin, a metastasis associated molecule in HNSCC tumorigenesis. Elevated MDA-9/Syntenin expression was evident in 67% (54/81) primary HNSCC tumors (p=0.001-0.002) and 69% (9/13) pre-neoplastic tissues (p=0.02-0.03). MDA-9/Syntenin overexpression was associated with the stage (p=0.001), grade (p=0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.0001). Silencing of MDA-9/Syntenin in 3 poorly differentiated HNSCC cell lines induced squamous epithelial cell differentiation, disrupted angiogenesis and reduced tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. We confirmed SPRR1B and VEGFR1 as the key molecular targets of MDA-9/Syntenin on influencing HNSCC differentiation and angiogenesis respectively. MDA-9/Syntenin disrupted SPRR1B expression interacting through its PDZ1 domain and altered VEGFR1 expression in vitro and in vivo. VEGFR1 co-localized with MDA-9/Syntenin in HNSCC cell lines and primary tumor. Downregulation of growth regulatory molecules CyclinD1, CDK4, STAT3, PI3K and CTNNB1 was also evident in the MDA-9/Syntenin depleted cells, which was reversed following over-expression of MDA-9/Syntenin in immortalized oral epithelial cells. Our results suggest that early induction of MDA-9/Syntenin expression influences HNSCC progression and should be further evaluated for potential biomarker development.
Reaction of 2-Methoxy-3H-azepine with NBS:  Efficient Synthesis of 2-Substituted 2H-Azepines (2005)

[reaction: see text] The reaction of 2-methoxy-3H-azepines, in the presence or absence of a nucleophile, with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) gave a regioselective 1,4-adduct from which the corresponding 2H-azepine derivatives were formed via base-promoted hydrogen bromide elimination, generally in moderate to quantitative yield. Competitive formation of 4-bromo-2-methoxy-3H-azepine by electrophilic substitutuion or 3H-azepin-2-yl 2H-azepin-2-yl ether by transetherification was minimized at lower reaction temperatures. Quantitative substitution of 2-(2',4',6'-trichlorophenoxy)-2H-azepine derivatives, formed in moderate yield from the respective 3H-azepine and NBS in the presence of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), by various nucleophiles gave the corresponding 2-substituted 2H-azepine. Among these nucleophiles were alkanethiol and alkylamine that are not tolerated in the reaction of 3H-azepine and NBS.
Autologous Transplantation of Muscle Precursor Cells Modified with a Lentivirus for Muscular Dystrophy: Human Cells and Primate Models (2007)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by the absence of dystrophin. We tested the ability of lentiviral vectors to deliver a transgene into myogenic cells before their transplantation. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) transgene was efficiently transferred into cells and eGFP-positive fibers were generated following transplantation. An eGFP-micro-dystrophin transgene under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter was then transferred with the same viral vector but caused some toxicity to the mono-nucleated cells. We then used instead a muscle creatine kinase promoter. Dystrophin expression was observed in the muscle fibers after the transplantation of such genetically modified cells into mdx and severe combined immunodeficient mice. Micro-dystrophin expression was also observed in monkey muscles a month after allogenic or autologous transplantation of genetically modified myoblasts. Therapeutic exon skipping was induced by infecting myoblasts of a DMD patient, deleted for dystrophin exons 49 and 50, with a lentivirus expressing a U7 small nuclear RNA containing antisense sequences against exon 51. The modification led to correct exon skipping and to the expression of a quasi-dystrophin in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate the feasibility of lentiviral-based ex vivo gene therapy for DMD.
Wilson's disease: Presymptomatic patients and Kayser-Fleischer rings (1997)

While this study does not show any relationship between urinary copper excretion and the presence of K F rings, it suggests that the larger K F ring size correlates with Wilson's disease severity.
Biomimetic Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Human Cathepsin D: Structure–Activity Relationship and Binding Mode Analysis (2020)

Human cathepsin D (CatD), a pepsin-family aspartic protease, plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we report the development of biomimetic inhibitors of CatD as novel tools for regulation of this therapeutic target. We designed a macrocyclic scaffold to mimic the spatial conformation of the minimal pseudo-dipeptide binding motif of pepstatin A, a microbial oligopeptide inhibitor, in the CatD active site. A library of more than 30 macrocyclic peptidomimetic inhibitors was employed for scaffold optimization, mapping of subsite interactions, and profiling of inhibitor selectivity. Furthermore, we solved high-resolution crystal structures of three macrocyclic inhibitors with low nanomolar or subnanomolar potency in complex with CatD and determined their binding mode using quantum chemical calculations. The study provides a new structural template and functional profile that can be exploited for design of potential chemotherapeutics that specifically inhibit CatD and related aspartic proteases.
Radiographic testing at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (1982)

Radiographic testing is a nondestructive inspection technique which uses penetrating radiation. The Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Section at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has a broad spectrum of equipment and techniques for radiographic testing. These resources include low-energy vacuum systems, low- and mid-energy cabinet and cell radiographic systems, high-energy linear accelerators, portable x-ray machines and radioisotopes for radiographic inspections. For diagnostic testing the NDE Section also has real-time and flash radiographic equipment.
Ricin A Chain Can Be Chemically Cross-linked to the Mammalian Ribosomal Proteins L9 and L10e (1995)

Indirect immunofluorescence studies revealed that when fixed, permeabilized cultured human cells were incubated with ricin A chain, the toxin molecule localized in a staining pattern indicative of binding to the endoplasmic reticulum and to nucleoli. Chemical cross-linking experiments were performed to identify the cellular components that mediated the binding of ricin A chain. Conjugates were formed between 125I-labeled ricin A chain and two proteins present in preparations of total cell membranes and in samples of purified mammalian ribosomes. Specificity of the ricin A chain-ribosome interaction was demonstrated by inhibition of formation of the complexes by excess unlabeled ricin A chain, but not by excess unlabeled gelonin, another ribosome-inactivating protein. Complexes of ricin A chain cross-linked to the ribosomal proteins were purified and subjected to proteolytic digestion with trypsin. Amino acid sequencing of internal tryptic peptides enabled identification of the ricin A chain-binding proteins as L9 and L10e of the mammalian large ribosomal subunit.
Backfolding Corrections for Freely Jointed Chains in Self Consistent Field Lattice Models (1998)

This work presents a methodology to exclude backfolding (overlapping of sequential segments) in lattice models for freely jointed linear and branched polymer molecules. The introduction of conditional weighting factors that account for occupancy of sites by neighboring segments leads to the generation of new recursive relationships to compute the chain weighting factors that quantify configurational probabilities. Calculations are performed for representative linear and branched homopolymers and copolymers. The results indicate that the allowance or prohibition of backfolding has a significant effect on the predicted structure of adsorbed polymer layers, especially the surface volume fractions and adsorbed amounts, at least when the segmental adsorption energy is relatively low.
Structure-activity relationships and modes of action of 9-anilinoacridines against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (1993)

An in vitro investigation of the structure-activity profiles for a range of 9-anilinoacridines on drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum is reported. C-3, 6-diamino substitution, low lipophilicity, and high pKa values substantially increased the activities of the 9-anilinoacridines tested. There appeared to be no correlation between DNA binding and antimalarial activity. 3,6-Diamino-1'-amino-9-anilinoacridine (compound 13) was the most active compound tested; it had a 50% inhibitory concentration of 25 nM. In vitro mammalian cell growth assays showed compound 13 to be one of the least cytotoxic 9-anilinoacridines (50% inhibitory concentration, 15 microM). Both compound 13 and the antimalarial drug pyronaridine inhibited the decatenation activity of P. falciparum DNA topoisomerase II at concentrations of 10 and 11 microM, respectively.
Latrophilins are essential for endothelial junctional fluid shear stress mechanotransduction (2020)

Abstract Endothelial cell (EC) responses to fluid shear stress (FSS) are crucial for vascular development, adult physiology and disease. PECAM1 is an important transducer but earlier events remain poorly understood. We therefore investigated heterotrimeric G proteins in FSS sensing. Knockdown (KD) in ECs of single Gα proteins had little effect but combined depletion of Gαi and Gαq/11 blocked all known PECAM1-dependent responses. Re-expression of Gαi2 and Gαq but not Gαi1 and Gαi3 rescued these effects. Sequence alignment and mutational studies identified that K307 in Gαi2 and Gq/11 (Q306 in Gαi1/3), determines participation in flow signaling. We developed pull-down assays for measuring Gα activation and found that this residue, localized to the GPCR interface, determines activation by FSS. We developed a protocol for affinity purification of GPCRs on activated Gα’s, which identified latrophilins (ADGRLs) as specific upstream interactors for Gαi2 and Gq/11. Depletion of latrophilin-2 blocked EC activation of Gαi2 and Gαq, downstream events in vitro , and flow-dependent vascular morphogenesis in zebrafish embryos. Surprisingly, latrophilin-2 depletion also blocked flow activation of two additional pathways activated at cell-cell junctions, Smad1/5 and Notch1, independently of Gα proteins. Latrophilins are thus central mediators of junctional shear stress mechanotransduction via Gα protein-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
Canine Long-Term Bone Marrow Culture Neutrophil Production and Functionality (2004)

This in vitro study has been conducted to determine the optimal experimental conditions under which to produce canine neutrophils in long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC), establish functional parameters of neutrophils obtained from LTBMC and peripheral blood and to ascertain whether these cells display physiological similarities. Our aim is to provide an experimental model, enabling a correlation between hemopoietic injury and neutrophil functionality. The authors demonstrate for the first time that canine neutrophils grown in cultures are able to produce oxyradicals capable of killing bacterial products. Moreover, culture-grown neutrophils contain gelatinase granules, a marker of terminal neutrophil differentiation, and express a specific surface antigen. The results described in this article illustrate the development of a dynamic system that mimics physiological hemopoiesis.