gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Traumatic posterior hip instability and femoroacetabular impingement in athletes. (2012)

We describe 3 cases of posterior hip instability associated with femoroacetabular impingement. In each case, we obtained a detailed medical history, performed a physical examination, evaluated imaging, recorded intraoperative findings, and clinically followed the patient for 1 year. Two of the 3 patients sustained a traumatic posterior hip subluxation caused by noncontact injuries. All patients had decreased internal rotation on physical examination, radiographic evidence of acetabular retroversion, a cam lesion, an elevated α angle, and a posterior acetabular rim fracture with associated labral injury. All patients underwent hip arthroscopy and direct repair of the bony acetabular fragment using 3 to 5 suture anchors. One-year follow-up in all cases demonstrated good to excellent results and full return to activities without restriction. Patients with femoroacetabular impingement may be predisposed to traumatic posterior dislocation or subluxation and a concomitant posterior acetabular rim fracture with labral injury. We propose that FAI predisposed these athletes to posterior hip instability.
Figure S2 from TEM8/ANTXR1-Specific CAR T Cells as a Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;L2 CAR T cells reduce mammosphere formation when compared to irrelevant CAR control cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Sampling Signals on Graphs: From Theory to Applications (2020)

The study of sampling signals on graphs, with the goal of building an analog of sampling for standard signals in the time and spatial domains, has attracted considerable attention recently. Beyond adding to the growing theory on graph signal processing (GSP), sampling on graphs has various promising applications. In this article, we review the current progress on sampling over graphs, focusing on theory and potential applications.
Combining AI/ML and PHY Layer Rule Based Inference -- Some First Results (2022)

In 3GPP New Radio (NR) Release 18 we see the first study item starting in May 2022, which will evaluate the potential of AI/ML methods for Radio Access Network (RAN) 1, i.e., for mobile radio PHY and MAC layer applications. We use the profiling method for accurate iterative estimation of multipath component parameters for PHY layer reference, as it promises a large channel prediction horizon. We investigate options to partly or fully replace some functionalities of this rule based PHY layer method by AI/ML inferences, with the goal to achieve either a higher performance, lower latency, or, reduced processing complexity. We provide first results for noise reduction, then a combined scheme for model order selection, compare options to infer multipath component start parameters, and, provide an outlook on a possible channel prediction framework.
ChemInform Abstract: RAPID SELECTIVE DIMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO 1‐BUTENE BY A TANTALUM CATALYST AND A NEW MECHANISM FOR ETHYLENE OLIGOMERIZATION (1979)

Abstract Der Dimerisierungskatalysator (I), der aus dem entsprechenden Ethylderivat (‐Et anstelle ‐Bu) und Ethylen (II) entsteht, bewirkt die Bildung von 1‐Buten (III), vermutlich über ein Metalla‐cyclopentanderivat.
Intertemporal Speculation with a Random Demand in an Experimental Market (2001)

This outstanding collection spanning three decades comprises a superb selection of Charles R. Plott’s work in experimental economics. Market Institutions and Price Discovery contains papers which define problems, create laboratory methodology and produce the first results in many areas of experimental economics.
Nonlinear silicon photonics (2012)

Silicon is evolving as a versatile photonic platform with multiple functionalities that can be seamlessly integrated. The tool box is rich starting from the ability to guide and amplify multiple wavelength sources at GHz bandwidths, to optomechanical MEMS. The strong confinement of light in ultra small structures also enables the generation of strong optical forces. We have recently shown that nonlinear optical forces can enable controllable manipulation of photonic structures. These advances should enable future micro-optomechanical systems (MOMS) with novel and distinct functionalities. A research area that recently has emerged is nonlinear optics using silicon photonics. Since the birth of nonlinear optics, researchers have continually focused on developing efficient nonlinear optical devices that require low optical powers. The strong light confinement in silicon waveguides results in a high effective nonlinearity ad enables fine tuning of waveguide dispersion which is essential for phase matching of parametric nonlinear optical processes such as four-wave-mixing (FWM) We demonstrated FWM-based frequency conversion in waveguides using as little as 1 mW of pump power in a ring-resonator geometry, and ~100 mW of pump power over bandwidths exceeding 800 nm in a straight-waveguide device. In addition, by using the concept of time-space duality we have shown the temporally stretching and compressing of optical waveforms which allows for seamless transformation between the GHz and THz regimes.
Modulatory effect of iron on the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mouse corneal infections (1982)

The iron concentration of the culture medium used to prepare the inocula influenced the pathogenesis of mouse corneal infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When the parental strain PAO1 was cultured in high-iron medium (5 micrograms of Fe per ml), it was less virulent than when it was cultured in low-iron medium (0.05 microgram of Fe per ml). The iron concentration of the growth medium had no effect on the virulence of a P. aeruginosa mutant which was resistant to the iron regulation of toxin A yields (PAO-toxFeR-18). A severely defective iron transport mutant, PAO-toxFeR-10, was avirulent regardless of the iron concentration of the growth medium. These studies indicate that both iron acquisition and iron regulation of toxin production are important factors in the determination of P. aeruginosa virulence.
Electron Spin Resonance Characterization of Microporous and Mesoporous Oxide Materials (2003)

Electron spin resonance (ESR) or electron magnetic resonance is a type of magnetic resonance spectroscopy that deals with transitions between magnetic energy levels associated with different orientations of an electron spin in an atom or molecule, generally in an external magnetic field. Measurement of the allowed transitions between the electron magnetic energy levels produces a spectrum of an atomic or molecular system with net electron spin angular momentum. Generally such systems are defined as those having one or more unpaired electrons. Analysis of the ESR spectrum can give information about the identification of the species, the geometrical structure, the electronic structure, and the internal or overall rotational or translational motion of the species. The most common types of systems studied are free radicals, which can be regarded as atoms or molecules containing one unpaired electron, and transition metal ion and rare-earth ions. The specificity of ESR spectroscopy for species containing unpaired electrons is particularly valuable for the study of chemical reaction intermediates.
Carbon−Fluorine Bond Activation Coupled with Alkynyl Migration to Give Fluorinated Allenyl Complexes of Iridium (2006)

The propynyl(perfluoropropyl) iridium complex Cp*Ir(PMe3)(CF2CF2CF3)(C⋮CCH3) has been prepared and crystallographically characterized. It reacts with lutidinium iodide to afford α-CF bond activation and propynyl migration to carbon, to give the allenyl complex Cp*Ir(PMe3)(I)[(CH3)CCCF(CF2CF3)] as a single diastereomer, for which the relative configurations at Ir and at the helical allenyl ligand were shown to be (SIr,M)(RIr,P) by X-ray crystallography. On standing in solution the (SIr,M)(RIr,P) diastereomer rearranges slowly to the thermodynamically more stable (RIr,M)(SIr,P) diastereomer, also characterized crystallographically, illustrating that the initial diastereomer is formed under conditions of kinetic control. A detailed mechanism is presented to rationalize these observations, and comparisons to previous CF activation/CC coupling reactions are made.
Two Techniques for the Analysis of WS-3 With Potential Application to the Analysis of Other Cooling Agents * (2023)

SUMMARY WS-3 (N-ethyl- p -menthane-3-carboxamide) is a compound used as a cooling agent for tobacco or nicotine products. Three other similar compounds WS-23 (N,2,3-trimethyl-2-propan-2-ylbutanamide), Evercool 180 (N- p -benzene-acetonitrile menthanecarboxamide), and Evercool 190 (N-(2-pyridine-2-yl)ethyl-3- p -menthancarboxamide) also have cooling properties and can be used as tobacco additives. A few previously reported methods for WS-3 analysis were rather complex, and the goal of present work was to develop a simple, rapid, and accurate procedure for simultaneous analysis of WS-3 and of the other three cooling compounds. For this purpose, a LC/MS procedure has been developed that requires 6-min runs. The method was calibrated to analyze solutions containing each analyte in the range of concentrations between 48.8 ng/mL to 12.5 µg/mL. The procedure is selective and shows excellent precision with typical RSD lower than 3%. In parallel to the LC/MS method, a GC/MS procedure was also developed mainly with the goal of having a proof of the accuracy for both methods. This GC separation requires 20-min runs. The GC/MS technique was calibrated to analyze solutions containing each analyte in the range of concentrations between 1.56 µg/mL to 125 µg/mL for WS-23 and WS-3, from 6.25 µg/mL to 125 µg/mL for Evercool 180, and from 3.13 µg/mL to 125 µg/mL for Evercool 190. The sensitivity of the LC/MS method is significantly higher than the GC/MS one, and for the analysis of traces of cooling agents the LC/MS method is recommended. The LC/MS method was applied for the analysis of WS-3 in tobacco, cigarette smoke, flavor solutions, and in nicotine pouches. No samples containing the other cooling agents were available. [Contrib. Tob. Nicotine Res. 32 (2023) 26–33]
Planar integration of laser‐recrystallized SOI‐Tr's fabricated by lateral seeding process and bulk‐Tr's and its application to fabrication of a solid‐state image sensor (1989)

Abstract To realize functions which cannot be achieved by conventional integrated circuits composed of bulk transistors (bulk‐Tr), part of an integrated circuit was formed by laser‐recrystallized SOI transistors (SOI‐Tr) using the lateral seeding process. The uniqueness of this structure is that the bulk‐Tr's and SOI‐Tr's are formed in the same plane. To realize this planar structure, the necessary basic technology was developed and bulk‐Tr's and SOI‐Tr's were formed in the same plane to test the structure. The characteristics of the transistors were compatible to those of transistors formed by conventional MOS processes. For the application of this structure to integrated circuits, a solid‐state image sensor was fabricated where the driver circuits were formed by the bulk‐Tr's and the read‐out of the picture elements was carried out by using the SOI‐Tr's. As a result, a high‐quality image was obtained and the smear noise caused by photoleakage current was suppressed.
Systematic Control of Sulfur Chain Length of High Refractive Index, Transparent Sulfur-Containing Polymers with Enhanced Thermal Stability (2022)

We herein report the preparation of high refractive index polymers (HRIPs) with enhanced thermal stability from the copolymerization of S8 and divinylbenzene (DVB) in a single step through sulfur chemical vapor deposition (sCVD). Varying the process temperature in sCVD allowed for the preparation of a series of high sulfur content polymers which, in comparison to previously reported sulfur-derived polymers with similar compositions, displayed significantly enhanced solvent resistance, glass transition temperature (Tg), and thermal stability attributed to the absence of long polysulfide chains in the polymer matrix. The resulting HRIP films displayed high transmittance over the entire visible range while showing an unprecedentedly high Tg of 110 °C, which is one of the highest to date among HRIPs with refractive index (RI) exceeding 1.8 reported to date. With the combination of ultrahigh (>1.8) RI, thermal stability, and high Tg, the HRIPs can serve as compelling materials for advanced optical applications.
The design and fabrication of a three‐dimensional bioengineered open ventricle (2016)

Current treatments in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) include multiple surgeries to refunctionalize the right ventricle and/or transplant. The development of a tissue-engineered left ventricle (LV) would provide a therapeutic option to overcome the inefficiencies and limitations associated with current treatment options. This study provides a foundation for the development and fabrication of the bioengineered open ventricle (BEOV) model. BEOV molds were developed to emulate the human LV geometry; molds were used to produce chitosan scaffolds. BEOV were fabricated by culturing 30 million rat neonatal cardiac cells on the chitosan scaffold. The model demonstrated 57% cell retention following 4days culture. The average biopotential output for the model was 1615 µV. Histological assessment displayed the presence of localized cell clusters, with intercellular and cell-scaffold interactions. The BEOV provides a novel foundation for the development of a 3D bioengineered LV for application in HLHS. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2206-2217, 2017.
Abstract 3105: Chromosome 18q encodes a chromosomal instability suppressor locus in colorectal cancer (2012)

Abstract Identifying molecular mechanisms initiating Chromosomal Instability (CIN) may lead to approaches to limit intratumour heterogeneity and treatment failure in cancer. Here we identify candidate CIN-suppressor genomic loci that are subject to copy number loss in CIN colorectal cancers (CRCs). Genes encoded within CIN-suppressor loci were characterized through an RNA interference screen for induction of chromosome segregation errors in mitosis, revealing 5 CIN-suppressor genes encoded on chromosome 18q. CIN-suppressor gene silencing in chromosomally stable cells generates structurally abnormal chromosomes, which are missegregated during mitosis. A chromosome segregation error spectrum characteristic of structurally abnormal chromosomes is also observed in CIN CRC cell lines. 18q loss occurs in the majority of aneuploid CRCs, and is associated with both structural and numerical instability in colorectal tumours, and with aneuploidy onset in a rare carcinoma-in-adenoma dataset. These data support a role for chromosome 18q in the maintenance of chromosomal structural integrity and mitotic fidelity, and suggest that 18q copy number loss may initiate CIN during CRC development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3105. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3105
Cloning and characterization of the homologous genes of firefly luciferase in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (2006)

Three homologous genes of firefly luciferase were cloned from the non-luminous beetle Tenebrio molitor. Three gene products for homologues, TmLL-1, TmLL-2 and TmLL-3, showed fatty acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) synthetic activity, but not luciferase activity with firefly luciferin. The transcripts were detected through the developmental stages in T. molitor. These results suggested that firefly luciferase was evolved from a fatty acyl-coenzyme A synthetase by gene duplications in the insect.
Germline mutations in penetrant cancer predisposition genes are rare in men with prostate cancer selecting active surveillance (2022)

The frequency of pathogenic germline mutations in penetrant cancer predisposition genes is extremely low in men with PC undergoing active surveillance and pathogenic germline mutations had no apparent association with grade reclassification or adverse characteristics.
Expression and localization of creatine kinase in the preimplantation embryo (2012)

Creatine Kinase (CK) catalyses the "creatine shuttle," the reversible conversion of creatine phosphate to creatine with the liberation of ATP. This article examines the potential role of the creatine shuttle in the provision of ATP during mouse preimplantation embryo development. Using quantitative PCR, transcripts of four subunit isoforms of CK--CKM, CKB, CKMT1, and CKMT2--were detectable at all developmental stages, from the presumptive zygote to late blastocyst, but there was no obvious pattern in gene expression. By contrast, total CK biochemical activity, measured by a novel method, was relatively constant from the 2- to 8-cell stage, before exhibiting a significant decrease in activity at the blastocyst stage. Immunocytochemical studies revealed a marked association of CKB with the mitotic spindle in 2- and 4-cell mouse embryos, consistent with the proposition that the creatine shuttle plays a key role in local delivery of ATP during cytokinesis. Endogenous creatine was detected in the blastocyst at a level of 0.53 pmol/embryo. In conclusion, we believe that creatine phosphate can now be added to the list of potential sources of ATP during preimplantation development.
Measurement of concentration of DHE in tissue (1988)

The effective absorbed dose in photodynamic therapy is proportional to the concentration of the photosensitizer, as well as to the radiant energy fluence and concentration of oxygen. The concentration of dihematoporphyrin ether/ester (DHE) has been measured in tissue specimens by chemical extraction followed by spectrofluorimetry against a standard solution, and by an in vivo fluorometer probe calibrated against the extraction method. The emission at 690 nm is measured when excited by either a helium neon laser at 633 nm, or an argon-dye laser at 630 nm. Background from autofluorescence is subtracted. Because different tissues have different absorption, the probe has to be calibrated for each tissue of interest. An experiment in a phantom indicated that fluorescence is detected from a fairly large volume, hence the average concentration is measured.
Involvement of the TGF-β and β-Catenin Pathways in Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer (2011)

Our study provides new, validated insights in the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer. Pathway analysis of the microarray expression profile suggested that the TGF-β and p120-associated noncanonical β-catenin pathways are important in pelvic lymph node metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer.
Measurement of the positron diffusion constants in polycrystalline molybdenum by the observation of positronium negative ions (2015)

We have measured the positron diffusion constants in polycrystalline molybdenum by the observation of positronium negative ions (Ps-). The Ps- ions emitted from the sample surface coated with Na were accelerated. The γ-rays from the accelerated Ps- ions were Doppler- shifted and thus the signals of self-annihilation of the Ps- ions were isolated from those of self-annihilation of para-positronium (p-Ps) or pair-annihilation of positrons in the bulk. Clear and reliable values of the diffusion constants have been obtained.
Susceptibility of Chicken Embryos, Sheep, Cattle, Pigs, and Chickens to Zika Virus Infection (2020)

The susceptibility of sheep, cattle, pigs, chickens and chicken embryos to Zika virus infection was evaluated by experimental inoculation with Zika virus Thailand strain isolated from a Canadian traveler in 2013. The inoculated animals did not develop any clinical signs of disease nor evidence of Zika virus replication in peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid and tissues including brain and spinal cord assessed by real-time RT-PCR. Sera were also negative for Zika virus antibodies by Zika virus neutralization assays as well as Zika virus immunoperoxidase staining of Zika infected Vero cells. Chicken embryos were inoculated by different routes including yolk sac (4 day old embryos), chorioallantoic membrane (8 day old embryos), amniotic fluid (8 day old embryos) and intravenous routes (12 day old embryos). Virus replication in chicken embryos was observed in the brain and body tissues following intravenous (IV), yolk sac (YS), chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), and amniotic fluid (AF) inoculation routes. The highest mortality was observed in embryos inoculated via yolk sac. The dead embryos showed diffuse muscular hemorrhages. The yolk sac inoculated chicken embryos showed delayed hatching and displayed neurological signs immediately after hatching. These studies demonstrate that 8 week old sheep, 6 month old cattle, 4 week old pigs, and 4 week old chickens are not susceptible to Zika virus infection when inoculated experimentally and therefore unlikely to pose a risk as Zika virus reservoirs. However, chicken embryos are highly susceptible to Zika virus resulting in clinical disease of chicks after hatching. This study demonstrates that Zika virus has a tropism for embryonic tissue and that chicken embryos can be used as a model to study Zika virus replication and pathogenesis.
A review of Judah Folkman's remarkable achievements in biomedicine (2008)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.