gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
De novo synthesis, uptake and proteolytic processing of lipocalin‐type prostaglandin D synthase, β‐trace, in the kidneys (2009)

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) is a multifunctional protein that produces prostaglandin D(2) and binds and transports various lipophilic substances after secretion into various body fluids as beta-trace. L-PGDS has been proposed to be a useful diagnostic marker for renal injury associated with diabetes or hypertension, because the urinary and plasma concentrations are increased in patients with these diseases. However, it remains unclear whether urinary L-PGDS is synthesized de novo in the kidney or taken up from the blood circulation. In crude extracts of monkey kidney and human urine, we found L-PGDS with its original N-terminal sequence starting from Ala23 after the signal sequence, and also its N-terminal-truncated products starting from Gln31 and Phe34. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody 5C11, which recognized the amino-terminal Ala23-Val28 loop of L-PGDS, revealed that both the mRNA and the intact form of L-PGDS were localized in the cells of Henle's loop and the glomeruli of the kidney, indicating that L-PGDS is synthesized de novo in these tissues. However, truncated forms of L-PGDS were found in the lysosomes of tubular cells, as visualized by immunostaining with 10A5, another monoclonal antibody, which recognized the three-turn alpha-helix between Arg156 and Thr173. These results suggest that L-PGDS is taken up by tubular cells and actively degraded within their lysosomes to produce the N-terminal-truncated form.
A study of two polymorphic modifications of (S)-1-phenylethylammonium (S)-mandelate and the structural features of diastereomeric mandelate salts (1993)

A low-temperature modification of (S)-1-phenylethylammonium (S)-mandelate has been investigated: C 8 H 12 N + .C 8 H 7 O 3 - , M r =273.33, monoclinic, P2 1 , a=8.322 (4), b=6.801 (2), c=12.885 (3) A, β=91.74 (3) o , V=728.9 (8) A 3 , Z=2, D x =1.245 g cm -3 , λ(Cu Kα)=1.5418 A, μ=6.60 cm -1 , F(000)=292, T=122.0 (S) K, R=0.044 for 1571 observed reflections. In this polymorph both the stereochemistry of the ions and their hydrogen bonding are identical to the orthorhombic modification obtained at 298 K
Heptonstall (1899)

Heptonstall Get access Henry Taylor Henry Taylor 1Birklands, Southport Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-III, Issue 62, 4 March 1899, Page 174, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-III.62.174c Published: 04 March 1899
Association of Preclinical Alzheimer Disease With Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography Findings (2018)

This study suggests that cognitively healthy individuals with preclinical AD have retinal microvascular abnormalities in addition to architectural alterations and that these changes occur at earlier stages of AD than has previously been demonstrated. Longitudinal studies in larger cohorts are needed to determine whether this finding has value in identifying preclinical AD.
The structurally effect of surface coated rhamnogalacturonan I on response of the osteoblast‐like cell line SaOS‐2 (2013)

Osseointegration is important when implants are inserted into the bone and can be improved by biochemical surface coating of the implant. In this paper enzymatically modified rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) from apple and lupin was used for biochemical coating of aminated surfaces and the importance of the quality of RG-I, the nature of the binding, the fine structure of RG-I, and its effect on SaOS-2 cell line cultured on coated surfaces was investigated. SaOS-2 cells are osteoblast-like cells and a well-established in vitro model of bone-matrix forming osteoblasts. Purification by gel filtration could remove small fragments of galacturonic acid (GalA) and binding studies showed that the purity of the RG-I molecules was important for the quality of the coating. The structure of RG-I and osteoblast-like cells' viability were positively correlated so that high content of 1,4-linked galactose (Gal) and a low content of arabinose in the RG-I molecules favored cell viability. These results indicate that coating of implants with RG-I affect osseointegration positively.
General C–H Arylation Strategy for the Synthesis of Tunable Visible Light-Emitting Benzo[a]imidazo[2,1,5-c,d]indolizine Fluorophores (2017)

Herein we report the discovery of the benzo[a]imidazo[2,1,5-c,d]indolizine motif displaying tunable emission covering most of the visible spectrum. The polycyclic core is obtained from readily available amides via a chemoselective process involving Tf<sub>2</sub>O-mediated amide cyclodehydration, followed by intramolecular C-H arylation. Additionally, these fluorescent heterocycles are easily functionalized using electrophilic reagents, enabling divergent access to varied substitution. The effects of said substitution on the compounds' photophysical properties were rationalized by density functional theory calculations. For some compounds, emission wavelengths are directly correlated to the substituent's Hammett constants. Easily introduced nonconjugated reactive functional groups allow the labeling of biomolecules without modification of emissive properties. This work provides a straightforward platform for the synthesis of new moderately bright fluorescent dyes remarkable for their chemical stability, predictability, and unusually high excitation-emission differential.
Developmental Dysarthria (1954)

In 1950 we advocated a simple classification of speech disorders in childhood (Miller and Morley, 1950). This had grown naturally from our work and was conceived within the framework of accepted neurological termino- logy. The five broad categories of deafness, defective articulation or dysarthria, retarded development of language or dysphasia, dyslalia, and stammering, with their main subdivisions, are presented again, as follows Disorders from Deafness 4
Simtuzumab treatment of advanced liver fibrosis in HIV and HCV‐infected adults: results of a 6‐month open‐label safety trial (2016)

In this open-label, pilot clinical trial, simtuzumab treatment was well-tolerated in HCV- and HIV-infected subjects with advanced liver disease. Putative modulation of TGF-β3 and IL-10 pathways during simtuzumab treatment merits investigation in future trials.
Versatile beamforming ASIC architecture for broadband fixed wireless access (2003)

This paper describes a highly flexible VLSI ASIC architecture targeted for use in present and future broadband fixed wireless access communication systems. The architecture features a novel structure for variable rate interpolation that allows it to operate at any user specified symbol rate from 625 kBaud to 10 MBaud. A unique shaping filter structure with programmable CSD coefficients is also implemented. The signal flow paths can also be reversed allowing the chip to be used in both the transmitter and the receiver portions of a communication system. Finally, anticipating operation in a TDMA network, all user programmable features can be quickly changed for each time slot.
Asymptotic Analysis of Multi-Antenna Cognitive Radio Systems Using Extreme Value Theory (2015)

We consider a spectrum-sharing cognitive radio system with antenna selection applied at the secondary transmitter (ST). Based on the extreme value theory, we deduce a simple and accurate expression for the asymptotic distribution of the signal to interference plus noise ratio at the secondary receiver. Using this result, the asymptotic mean capacity and the outage capacity for the secondary user (SU) are derived. The obtained asymptotic capacities approach the exact results as the number of transmit antennas $N$ increases. Results indicate that the rate of the SU scales as $\log(N)$ when the transmit power of the ST is limited by the maximum allowable interference level, while rate scales as $\log(\log(N))$ if ST is limited by the maximum transmit power.
New Avenue for Limiting Degradation in NanoLi4Ti5O12 for Ultrafast-Charge Lithium-Ion Batteries: Hybrid Polymer–Inorganic Particles (2017)

Lithium titanium oxide (Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>)-based cells are a very promising battery technology for ultrafast-charge-discharge and long-cycle-life batteries. However, the surface reactivity of lithium titanium oxide in the presence of organic electrolytes continues to be a problem that may cause expansion of pouch cells. In this study, we report on the development of a simple and economical grafting method for forming hybrid polymer-Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>15</sub>O<sub>12</sub> nanoparticles, which can be successfully applied in lithium-ion batteries. This method utilizes a low-cost and scalable hydrophobic polymer that is applicable in industrial processes. The hybrid materials demonstrated exceptional capability for preventing the degradation of cells in accelerated aging and operating over 150 cycles at 1C and 45 °C.
Accurate measurement of pancreatic islet β-cell mass using a second-generation fluorescent exendin-4 analog (2011)

The hallmark of type 1 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Autoimmune diabetes has been difficult to study or treat because it is not usually diagnosed until substantial β-cell loss has already occurred. Imaging agents that permit noninvasive visualization of changes in β-cell mass remain a high-priority goal. We report on the development and testing of a near-infrared fluorescent β-cell imaging agent. Based on the amino acid sequence of exendin-4, we created a neopeptide via introduction of an unnatural amino acid at the K(12) position, which could subsequently be conjugated to fluorophores via bioorthogonal copper-catalyzed click-chemistry. Cell assays confirmed that the resulting fluorescent probe (E4(×12)-VT750) had a high binding affinity (~3 nM). Its in vivo properties were evaluated using high-resolution intravital imaging, histology, whole-pancreas visualization, and endoscopic imaging. According to intravital microscopy, the probe rapidly bound to β-cells and, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy, it was internalized. Histology of the whole pancreas showed a close correspondence between fluorescence and insulin staining, and there was an excellent correlation between imaging signals and β-cell mass in mice treated with streptozotocin, a β-cell toxin. Individual islets could also be visualized by endoscopic imaging. In short, E4(×12)-VT750 showed strong and selective binding to glucose-like peptide-1 receptors and permitted accurate measurement of β-cell mass in both diabetic and nondiabetic mice. This near-infrared imaging probe, as well as future radioisotope-labeled versions of it, should prove to be important tools for monitoring diabetes, progression, and treatment in both experimental and clinical contexts.
New phenylenediamine antiozonants for commodities based on natural and synthetic rubber (2005)

For protection of elastomeric materials against ageing, antioxidants such as UV-stabilizers and antiozonants are used. Although historically N-phenyl-N'-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) was the only approved antiozonant in Germany, a range of other phenylene diamine antiozonants (excluding 6PPD) are permitted for use in rubber articles intended for repeat food-contact use in the US (FDA regulations chapter 21 Part 177.2600). The biggest disadvantage of 6PPD is its partial decomposition during the vulcanization leading to the formation of toxic primary aromatic amines (PAA), such as aniline and secondary aromatic amines (SAA). A number of new PPDs have been developed and patented, that due to their chemical structures, are far less soluble in aqueous solutions but a lot more soluble within the rubber matrix. They therefore show significantly less migration of PAA and SAA. These new antiozonants were investigated and compared to 6PPD using commercial rubber materials with a certain content of antiozonant with regard to their migration of PAA and SAA into three different food simulants. The lowest concentration of PAA and SAA in all food simulants was measured in the RU 997 stabilized elastomer. Due to this fact RU 997 was permitted as a new antiozonant for commodities based on rubber according to the Recommendation XXI 'Articles based on natural and synthetic rubber' of the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR). RU 997 therefore represents an alternative for 6PPD with less migration of aromatic amines.
Demonstration of a high speed hybrid electrical and optical sensing system for next generation launcher applications (2017)

The Future Launchers Preparatory Programme (FLPP) supported by the European Space Agency (ESA) has a goal of developing various launch vehicle system concepts and identifying the technologies required for the design of Europe's Next-Generation Launcher (NGL) while maintaining competitiveness on the commercial market. Avionics fiber optic sensing technology was investigated as part of the FLPP programme. Here we demonstrate and evaluate a high speed hybrid electrical/optical data acquisition system based on commercial off the shelf (COTS) technology capable of acquiring data from traditional electrical sensors and optical Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors. The proposed system consists of the KAM-500 data acquisition system developed by Curtis-Wright and the I4 tunable laser based fiber optic sensor interrogator developed by FAZ Technology. The key objective was to demonstrate the capability of the hybrid system to acquire data from traditional electrical sensors used in launcher applications e.g. strain, temperature and pressure in combination with optical FBG sensors, as well as data delivery to spacecraft avionics systems. The KAM-500 was configured as the main acquisition unit (MAU) and provided a 1 kHz sampling clock to the I4 interrogator that was configured as the secondary acquisition unit (SAU) to synchronize the data acquisition sample rate between both systems. The SAU acquired data from an array of optical FBG sensors, while the MAU data acquisition system acquired data from the electrical sensors. Data acquired from the optical sensors was processed by the FAZ I4 interrogation system and then encapsulated into UDP/IP packets and transferred to the KAM-500. The KAM-500 encapsulated the optical sensor data together with the data acquired from electrical sensors and transmitted the data over MIL-STD-1553 and Ethernet data interface. The temperature measurements resulted in the optical and electrical sensors performing on a par with each other, with all sensors recording an accuracy within 0.35% FS over the full temperature range of -70&deg;C to +180&deg;C. The pressure measurements were performed over a 0 to 5 bar absolute pressure range and over different temperatures across a -40&deg;C to +80&deg;C range. The tests concluded that the optical pressure sensors performed on par with the electrical pressure sensor for each temperature set, where both sensor technologies measured a pressure accuracy of 1.2% FS. As for the strain measurements, the results show the optical and electrical sensors can measure to within 1% FS (Full Scale) of measurement range &plusmn;1,200 &mu;strain. The proposed hybrid system can be potentially used for next generation launcher applications delivering weight reduction, improvement in measurement coverage and reduction in Assembly, Integration and Testing (AIT) over traditional electrical systems.
Feasibility study of sub-10-nm half-pitch fabrication by chemically amplified resist processes of extreme ultraviolet lithography: I. Latent image quality predicted by probability density model (2014)

With the progress of lithography technology, the high-volume production of semiconductor devices with sub-10-nm resolution has garnered the attention of the semiconductor industry. In this study, the extendibility of chemically amplified resist processes to the sub-10-nm half-pitch node was investigated, assuming the use of extreme ultraviolet lithography. The latent images were calculated on the basis of the performance of the latest chemically amplified resists. With the reduction in half-pitch, the line edge roughness (LER) rapidly increased in the sub-10-nm range when the performance of the current EUV resists was assumed. Although the sub-10-nm fabrication is considered to be feasible, a significant increase in the acid generation concentration and the development of related material technologies are required.
Universal embeddings for kernel machine classification (2015)

Visual inference over a transmission channel is increasingly becoming an important problem in a variety of applications. In such applications, low latency and bit-rate consumption are often critical performance metrics, making data compression necessary. In this paper, we examine feature compression for support vector machine (SVM)-based inference using quantized randomized embeddings. We demonstrate that embedding the features is equivalent to using the SVM kernel trick with a mapping to a lower dimensional space. Furthermore, we show that universal embeddings-a recently proposed quantized embedding design-approximate a radial basis function (RBF) kernel, commonly used for kernel-based inference. Our experimental results demonstrate that quantized embeddings achieve 50% rate reduction, while maintaining the same inference performance. Moreover, universal embeddings achieve a further reduction in bit-rate over conventional quantized embedding methods, validating the theoretical predictions.
Adder-accumulator cells in RSFQ logic (1995)

We are in the process of designing a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter for use in a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) system based entirely on Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic. One aspect of this project involves the development of the arithmetic unit of the filter, in this case an adder-accumulator multiplier. This article describes two cells can perform the function of accumulated addition in the adder-accumulator multiplier. We have fabricated both cells and tested them at low speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Europium chelate solid laser based on morphology-dependent resonances (1995)

We show lasing (with the threshold of μJ order) due to morphology-dependent resonances (MDRs) from solid polystyrene spheres with volume-distributed europium (Eu) chelates. Lasing spectra depending on MDRs are reported, and a practical usefulness of the Eu chelate laser with the solid spheres is described compared with the previous one with liquid spheres.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Ni Doped Spinel LiNixMn2-xO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Battery (2013)

Spherical pristine LiMn 2 O 4 and Ni doped LiNi x Mn 2-x O 4 (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) cathode materials for lithium ion battery with high first cycle discharge capacity and excellent cycle performance were synthesized using the solution-combustion technique. XRD analysis revealed peak shift towards higher angle and lattice shrink as a result of Ni doping. CSAFM result confirms LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 provides higher current of 10nA than pristine LiMn 2 O 4 of 0.05nA. The EIS result displays that small Ni content (x=0.1, 0.2) doping reduced the impedances of pristine LiMn 2 O 4 . The composition LiNi 0.1 Mn 1.9 O 4 exhibits higher capacity and better cycleability than other Ni content compositions. Charge/discharge cycling result shows that Ni substitution substantially improved the capacity retention of LiMn 2 O 4 . All Ni doped LiNi x Mn 2-x O 4 (x= 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) compositions are able to retain 99% of their respective first cycle discharge capacities, whereas LiMn 2 O 4 retains only 60% of its first cycle discharge capacity of 122 mAh/g after 50 cycles.
Validation of lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) as a therapeutic target for systemic lupus erythematosus (2019)

Abstract Lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) is a membrane receptor with downstream effects on immunity and metabolism including the differentiation of regulatory CD4+ T cells. Its natural ligand, abscisic acid (ABA), has been shown to be decreased in autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Given the implication of the LANCL2 pathway in autoimmune disease and the progression of LANCL2-specific ligands, such as BT-11, into clinical stage development, we assessed the role of LANCL2 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In a TLR7/8 resiquimod-induced model of SLE, the loss of LANCL2 significantly decreases survival (P = 0.0008) relative to wild-type, resulting in less than 10% survival and a greater than 60% reduction relative to wild-type. Similarly, LANCL2−/− displayed greater serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and higher proteinuria. Within spleens, the loss of LANCL2 resulted in greater IL-6 and TNF, higher proportions of T follicular helper cells and lower ratios of regulatory CD4+ T cells relative to IFNγ producing cells. The greater inflammation was also mirrored in transcriptional changes at the splenic level indicating a greater susceptibility to severe disease. These results merit further exploration into the implication of LANCL2 signaling in human SLE and characterization of the therapeutic efficacy of LANCL2-specific agonists for future SLE development. Thus, LANCL2 is a novel promising therapeutic target for SLE.
Mechanism-based cross-linking probes capture the Escherichia coli ketosynthase FabB in conformationally distinct catalytic states (2022)

Ketosynthases (KSs) catalyse essential carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in fatty-acid biosynthesis using a two-step, ping-pong reaction mechanism. In Escherichia coli, there are two homodimeric elongating KSs, FabB and FabF, which possess overlapping substrate selectivity. However, FabB is essential for the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) required for cell survival in the absence of exogenous UFAs. Additionally, FabB has reduced activity towards substrates longer than 12 C atoms, whereas FabF efficiently catalyses the elongation of saturated C14 and unsaturated C16:1 acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) complexes. In this study, two cross-linked crystal structures of FabB in complex with ACPs functionalized with long-chain fatty-acid cross-linking probes that approximate catalytic steps were solved. Both homodimeric structures possess asymmetric substrate-binding pockets suggestive of cooperative relationships between the two FabB monomers when engaged with C14 and C16 acyl chains. In addition, these structures capture an unusual rotamer of the active-site gating residue, Phe392, which is potentially representative of the catalytic state prior to substrate release. These structures demonstrate the utility of mechanism-based cross-linking methods to capture and elucidate conformational transitions accompanying KS-mediated catalysis at near-atomic resolution.
Compensating for bone interfaces and respiratory motion in high-intensity focused ultrasound (2007)

Bursts of focused ultrasound energy a thousand times more intense than diagnostic ultrasound have become a non-invasive option for treating cancer, from breast to prostate or uterine fibroid, during the last decade. Despite this progress, many issues still need to be addressed. First, the distortions caused by defocusing obstacles, such as the skull or ribs, on the ultrasonic therapeutic beam are still being investigated. Multi-element transducer technology must be used in order to achieve such transcranial or transcostal adaptive focusing. Second, the problem of motion artifacts, a key component in the treatment of abdominal lesions, has been shown significantly to influence the efficacy and treatment time. Though many methods have been proposed for the detection of organ motion, little work has been done to develop a comprehensive solution including motion tracking and feedback correction in real time. This paper is a review of the work achieved by authors in transcranial high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), transcostal HIFU and motion compensated HIFU. For these three issues, the optimal solution can be reached using the same technology of multi-element transducers devices able to work both in transmit and receive modes.