gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Age and Gender on the Prognostic Impact of Karytoypic Subgroups in Myelodysplastic Syndromes - a Multicenter Analysis. (2004)

Abstract In myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) cytogenetic analysis has a major role to assess the individual risk of patients. According to the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) three cytogenetic subgroups can be distinguished: favorable [-y,del(5)(q),del(20)(q)], poor [chr. 7 abnormalities, complex] and intermediate [other abnormalities]. In a multicenter analysis the prognostic impact of karyotypic patterns in a series of 1159 primary MDS patients with cytogenetic data was investigated. Aim of the presented analysis was to study the influence of age and gender on this prognostic model. Median age was 66 years, median survival 37 months, 654 patients (56,4%) were male and 505 (43,6%) female. According to the three cytogenetic riskgroups defined by the IPSS the distribution and the median survival duration were as follows: favorable 739 pts. (63,8%), 53 months; intermediate 206 pts. (17,8%), 31 months; poor 214 pts. (18,4%), 11 months. These results are concordant with other published data, especially the original publication of the IPSS. Focussing on age and gender we divided the whole patient cohort in 4 subgroups:male, female, age at time of diagnosis &lt;66 years (579 pts.) and ≥ 66 years (580 pts.) The distribution and survival data are shown in table 1. Risk distribution was comparable among all different subgroups. Analysis of the influence of gender showed significant shorter survival for men in the low risk group, in the other two subgroups median survival duration was not significantly different in favor of the male cohort (interaction p=0.0057). In the two different age groups the younger subgroup with favorable or intermediate cytogenetics lived significantly longer, in the high risk group survival difference was not significant, but substantially the same as in the other risk groups. The observed difference in the low risk subgroup between men and women could be due to a considerable higher frequency of del(5)(q) in female patients (60 females of 83 cases). The shorter survival of the older patient cohorts with favorable or intermediate cytogenetics could be due to non-hematological comorbidity, which has more impact on survival in the lower risk subgroups, while the disease itself is the predominant factor limiting lifetime in the elderly high risk group as defined by cytogenetics. Table 1 Female Male P (sex) &lt;66 years ≥66 years P(age) Favorab. n(%), survival 314(62,2%) 70mo 425(65%) 40mo &lt;0.00001 348(60,1%) 58mo 391(67,4%) 48mo 0.001 Intermed. n(%), survival 86(17%) 30mo 120(18,3%) 33mo 0.70 117(20,2%), 40mo 89(15,3%) 27mo 0.008 Poor n(%), survival 105(20,8%) 10mo 109(16,7%) 13mo 0.81 114(19,7%) 15mo 100(17,3%) 8mo 0.11 P (risk groups) &lt;0.00001 &lt;0.00001 &lt;0.00001 &lt;0.00001
ChemInform Abstract: A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Four Individual Isomers of β‐ Methylphenylalamine. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Radical Coorigomerization of the System of Styrene, p-Chlorostyrene and Carbon Tetrachloride (1966)

α,α'-アゾビスイソブチロニトリルを開始剤として60℃でスチレン-p-クロルスチレン-四塩化炭素系のコオリゴメリゼーションを行ない, この系の見掛けの連鎖移動定数から, 動力学的にスチレン(M1) , p - クロルスチレン(M2) の連鎖移動定数Cs1, Cs2, を求め,これが単独重合の場合の値とよく一致することを認めた。塩化炭素との反応性でp-クロルスチレンラジカルの方がスチレンラジカルよりも小さいのは,置換塩素の電子吸引効果と考えられる。また共重合におけるモノマー反応性比は,60℃でr1=0.76,r2=1.76となり,塊共重合における値r1=0.74,r2=1.025と比較して, r2 が大きいが, これは移動剤の添加による生長末端のモノマー選択性が変化するためと考えられる。Q , e 概念からの考察も試みた。
Falling film evaporation on a tube bundle with plain and enhanced tubes (2009)

The complexities of two-phase flow and evaporation on a tube bundle present important problems in the design of heat exchangers and the understanding of the physical phenomena taking place. The development of structured surfaces to enhance boiling heat transfer and thus reduce the size of evaporators adds another level of complexity to the modeling of such heat exchangers. Horizontal falling film evaporators have the potential to be widely used in large refrigeration systems and heat pumps, in the petrochemical industry and for sea water desalination units, but there is a need to improve the understanding of falling film evaporation mechanisms to provide accurate thermal design methods. The characterization of the effect of enhanced surfaces on the boiling phenomena occurring in falling film evaporators is thus expected to increase and optimize the performance of a tube bundle. In this work, the existing LTCM falling film facility was modified and instrumented to perform falling film evaporation measurements on single tube row and a small tube bundle. Four types of tubes were tested including: a plain tube, an enhanced condensing tube (Gewa-C+LW) and two enhanced boiling tubes (Turbo-EDE2 and Gewa-B4) to extend the existing database. The current investigation includes results for two refrigerants, R134a and R236fa, at a saturation temperature of Tsat = 5 °C, liquid film Reynolds numbers ranging from 0 to 3000, at heat fluxes between 20 and 60 kW/m2 in pool boiling and falling film configurations. Measurements of the local heat transfer coefficient were obtained and utilized to improve the current prediction methods. Finally, the understanding of the physical phenomena governing the falling film evaporation of liquid refrigerants has been improved. Furthermore, a method for predicting the onset of dry patch formation has been developed and a local heat transfer prediction method for falling film evaporation based on a large experimental database has been proposed. These represent significant improvements for the design of falling film evaporators.
State-of-the-Art Pipe Network Optimization (1985)

Within the next decade water distribution system optimization models should become everyday tools of practicing engineers. This paper examines existing models and discusses some of the hurdles that must be overcome for them to be widely accepted.
1231. VIR-2482: A potent and broadly neutralizing antibody for the prophylaxis of influenza A illness (2020)

Abstract Background Influenza A viruses are responsible for seasonal epidemics and represent a constant pandemic threat. Influenza vaccines induce predominantly antibodies against the head region of hemagglutinin (HA) and are strain specific. Vaccine effectiveness is often suboptimal due to mismatch with drifting viruses and an inadequate immune response. Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the conserved stem-region of HA may provide protection through multiple seasons and cover strains with pandemic potential. We report pre-clinical data on VIR-2482, a fully human anti-HA stem mAb with half-life extending Fc mutations. Methods Binding of VIR-2482 to a panel of influenza HAs and neutralization of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses were measured by ELISA and microneutralization. Epitope conservation was evaluated using 49,462 HA sequences retrieved from GiSAID. Engagement of human FcγRs by VIR-2482 was assessed by biolayer interferometry. Antibody-dependendent cell-mediated cytoxicity (ADCC) was measured via in vitro killing of A549 cells expressing H1-HA glycoprotein by human NK cells. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) was evaluated by incubating VIR-2482 with H1N1 infected cells in the presence of guinea pig complement. Protection studies were performed in Balb/c mice given VIR-2482 24h before intranasal infection with a lethal dose of H1N1 PR8 and H3N2 HK/68. Results VIR-2482 binds to the HA proteins representing all 18 influenza A HA subtypes and neutralizes a broad panel of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses spanning almost 100 years of evolution. Bioinformatic analysis revealed &amp;gt;98.8% conservation for the majority of key contact residues examined from sequences retrieved for H1N1 and H3N2 between 2009-2019. The half-life extending mutations in the Fc portion do not affect the ability of the antibody to engage FcγRIIIa, FcγRIIa, and C1q as evidenced by their lack of impact on ADCC and CDC in vitro. Prophylactic administration of VIR-2482 protects Balb/c mice from infection with lethal challenge doses of H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. Conclusion The attributes of potency, broad recognition of a highly conserved epitope, retention of high-level effector functions in addition to half-life extension support the development of VIR-2482 as a universal prophylactic for influenza A illness. Disclosures Matteo Samuele Pizzuto, PhD, VIR Biotechnology (Employee) Fabrizia Zatta, n/a, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Andrea Minola, MS, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Alessia Peter, n/a, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Katja Culap, n/a, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Leah Soriaga, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Anna De Marco, n/a, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Barbara Guarino, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Nadia Passini, n/a, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) David K. Hong, MD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Fabio Benigni, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Christy Hebner, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Aurelio Bonavia, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee) Davide Corti, PhD, Vir Biotechnology (Employee)
Humidity and the Anesthetized Patient (1979)

Damage to the ciliated cells of the tracheobronchial tree and incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications were measured by point-scoring systems in 202 patients who breathed dry and humidified anesthetic gases for 225 +/- 78 min. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications decreased as the humidity of administered anesthetic gases increased from 0 to 32.5 mg H2O/l. A similar relationship was found between the amount of inhaled moisture and the damage to the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree. These results appear to indicate that a high inspired humidity is beneficial for operations on normothermic patients, and that cellular damage caused by dryness is a possible contributory factor in the production of the pulmonary atelectasis that follows stoppage of the mucociliary transport system in the immmediate postoperative period.
Furan Production from Glycoaldehyde over HZSM-5 (2016)

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass over zeolite catalysts results primarily in aromatic (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene) and olefin products. However, furans are a higher value intermediate for their ability to be readily transformed into gasoline, diesel, and chemicals. Here we investigate possible mechanisms for the coupling of glycoaldehyde, a common product of cellulose pyrolysis, over HZSM-5 for the formation of furans. Experimental measurements of neat glycoaldehyde over a fixed bed of HZSM-5 confirm furans (e.g., furanone) are products of this reaction at temperatures below 300 °C with several aldol condensation products as coproducts (e.g., benzoquinone). However, under typical catalytic fast pyrolysis conditions (>400 °C), further reactions occur that lead to the usual aromatic product slate. ONIOM calculations were utilized to identify the pathway for glycoaldehyde coupling toward furanone and hydroxyfuranone products with dehydration reactions serving as the rate-determining steps with typical intrinsic reaction barriers of 40 kcal mol–1. The reaction mechanisms for glycoaldehyde will likely be similar to that of other small oxygenates such as acetaldehyde, lactaldehyde, and hydroxyacetone. This study provides a generalizable mechanism of oxygenate coupling and furan formation over zeolite catalysts.
Induction of histidine decarboxylase in skeletal muscle in mice by electrical stimulation, prolonged walking and interleukin‐1 (1998)

1. In normal non-exercised skeletal muscles in mice, the activity of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), the enzyme which forms histamine, was very low. 2. HDC activity in the quadriceps femoris muscle was markedly elevated following contractions evoked by even a few minutes of direct electrical stimulation, peaking at 8-12 h following contraction lasting 10 min, and gradually decreasing during the 24 h following contraction. The elevation in HDC activity depended on the duration and strength of stimulation. 3. Direct electrical stimulation induced a quantitatively similar elevation of HDC activity in the muscles of mast-cell-deficient mice (W/Wv mice). 4. Prolonged walking at a speed of 6 m min-1 for up to 6 h with a 30 min rest period at 3 h also elevated muscle HDC activity, the magnitude of the elevation being related to the duration of the walking. Repeated exercise (training) for several days diminished the elevation of muscle HDC activity induced by walking. In contrast, starvation augmented the elevation of muscle HDC activity induced by walking. 5. Intraperitoneal injection of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) also elevated muscle HDC activity in a dose-dependent manner, as little as 1 microg kg-1 of IL-1 producing a significant elevation of muscle HDC activity. 6. IL-1beta was immunohistochemically detected in normal non-exercised quadriceps femoris muscle. We could not detect a significant increase in IL-1beta after exercise in the muscle or in serum: it may be below the level of detection. 7. On the basis of these results, together with those reported previously and the known actions of histamine, we propose that an elevation of HDC activity and generation of histamine occur in skeletal muscle following muscle contraction possibly as a result of induction by IL-1beta and that the histamine may be involved in fatigue in skeletal muscle as part of a defence mechanism preventing damage to the muscle.
Capacity Control for Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems: A Comparative Study (2000)

The capacity control of a vapor-compression refrigeration system is investigated for three different capacity control schemes. In a hot-gas by-pass control scheme, the refrigerant is by-passed from the compressor and injected back into the suction line to decrease the cooling capacity, whereas in cylinder-unloading scheme, one or more cylinders are unloaded to decrease the refrigerant mass flow rate in the system, which decreases the cooling capacity. However, in suction gas throttling, the suction gas throttled at the inlet of the compressor, decreases the refrigerant mass flow rate, and hence a corresponding decrease in the system capacity. These schemes are investigated for HFC-134a by considering finite size of the components that are used in the refrigeration systems. The models consider the finite-temperature difference in the heat exchangers, thus allowing the variations in the condenser and evaporator temperatures with respect to capacity and external fluid inlet temperatures. A comparative study is performed among these schemes in terms of the system coefficient of performance (COP), the operating temperatures, and percentage of refrigerant mass fraction as a function of the percentage of full-load system capacity.
Adaptive Fluidic Microoptics for Single Cell Optogenetics* (2017)

We present an electrically controlled, micron-scale liquid lens that provides adjustable focusing and beam steering, which is being developed for optogenetic in vivo mapping of brain activity with single cell resolution.
GLP-1 Induces Barrier Protective Expression in Brunnerʼs Glands and Regulates Colonic Inflammation (2016)

We demonstrate that IL-33, GLP-1R, and CCL20 are deregulated in human IBD, and that prophylactic treatment with 0.6 mg/kg liraglutide improves disease in AdTr colitis. In addition, GLP-1 receptor agonists upregulate IL-33, mucin 5b, and CCL20 in murine Brunner's glands. Taken together, our data indicate that GLP-1 receptor agonists affect gut homeostasis in both proximal and distal parts of the gut.
<title>Microtelemetry techniques for implantable smart sensors</title> (1996)

The advent of the emerging field of smart sensors suggests new applications for implantable microelectronic devices in neural prostheses. Optimal use of miniature and subminiature (thin- film) electronic sensors in implanted systems will depend upon the nature of the power and communication link to the sensor. Microtelemetry technology is under current development to meet this need. Microtelemetry techniques can be used to provide operating power and bi- directional communication for a microimplant through a common, wireless, magnetic link. Owing to the extremely unfavorable geometry, i.e. the size of the implant relative to the size of the extracorporeal transmitter, the design of such links is highly parametric. Magnetic circuit parameters must be closely matched to the implant's integrated-circuit power usage. In addition, the bandwidth of the communication channel must be adequate to meet the data collection requirements. This paper describes on-going R&D work for the design and fabrication of smart sensors based upon microtelemetry technology. Presently, sensor designs for two applications are in progress -- EMG and joint angle position.
Paper‐Origami‐Based Multiplexed Malaria Diagnostics from Whole Blood (2016)

Abstract We demonstrate, for the first time, the multiplexed determination of microbial species from whole blood using the paper‐folding technique of origami to enable the sequential steps of DNA extraction, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and array‐based fluorescence detection. A low‐cost handheld flashlight reveals the presence of the final DNA amplicon to the naked eye, providing a “sample‐to‐answer” diagnosis from a finger‐prick volume of human blood, within 45 min, with minimal user intervention. To demonstrate the method, we showed the identification of three species of Plasmodium, analyzing 80 patient samples benchmarked against the gold‐standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in an operator‐blinded study. We also show that the test retains its diagnostic accuracy when using stored or fixed reference samples.
Enabling safe freeway driving for automated vehicles (2016)

The development of automated vehicles brings new challenges to road safety. The behavior of the automated vehicles should be carefully designed in order to interact with the environment and other vehicles efficiently and safely. This paper is focused on the learning and decision making methods for the automated vehicles towards safe freeway driving. Based on a multi-agent traffic model, the decision making problem is posed as an optimal control problem, which is solved by 1) behavior classification and trajectory prediction of the surrounding vehicles, and 2) a unique parallel planner architecture which addresses the efficiency goal and the safety goal separately. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Solid-state chemistry of polycarboxylate crown ether cation complexes: cooperative binding of water and metal ions by flexible chorands (1993)

The solid-state structures of alkali-metal salt complexes of crown ether tetra- and hexa-carboxylic acids (18C6A 4 and 18C6A 6 ) have been determined. The sodium salt of 18C6A 6 crystallizes as the trihydrate in orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 (a = 7.6868(12), b = 15.429(3), c = 21.975(2) Å, R = 0.031 for 5192 observed data); the potassium salt of 18C6A 6 crystallizes as the the trihydrate in orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 (a = 7.6711(8), b = 15.709(2), c = 21.966(5) Å, R = 0.035 for 2521 observed data); the thallium(I) salt of 18C6A 6 crystallizes as the dihydrate in orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 (a = 12.0331(10), b = 12.4333(12), c = 17.366(2) Å, R = 0.035 for 4952 observed data); and the cesium salt of 18C6A 6 crystallizes as the dihydrate in monoclinic space group P2 1 (a = 7.708(3), b = 13.492(2), c = 11.9501(9) Å, β = 94.49(2)°, R = 0.029 for 4480 observed data). The sodium salt of 18C6A 4 crystallizes as the dihydrate in monoclinic space group P2 1 (a = 11.4368(11), b = 7.7068(11), c = 12.6579(12) Å, β = 98.515(8)°, R = 0.035 for 3000 observed data); the thallium(I) salt of 18C6A 4 crystallizes as the dihydrate in monoclinic space group P2 1 (a = 11.719(2), b = 7.668(2), c = 12.8403(13) Å, β = 99.052(9)°, R = 0.040 for 3981 observed data); and the cesium salt of 18C6A 4 crystallizes as the dihydrate in monoclinic space group P2 1 (a = 11.787(2), b = 7.637(2), c = 13.001(2) Å, β = 98.705(12)°, R = 0.038 for 3428 observed data). Both chorands exhibit a cooperative relationship of mean cavity radius and guest-ion radius, which closely follows the effective ionic radii of the guests. The hexaacid is a preorganized host for monohydrated cations. It provides a trigonal hydrogen bonding receptor site for the water molecule, and up to nine oxygen donors for cation binding. Guests ranging in size from Na + to Cs + are accommodated without distortion of the macrocyclic framework. The tetraacid is similarly tolerant of a range of guests, but greater structural reorganization of the ligand is required to optimize contacts with fully dehydrated cations. Skeletal drawings of donor atoms, in conjunction with polar coordinate maps of torsion angles, reveal how the demands of the guest are accommodated by the host.
Retrieval analysis of trabecular metal patella in a post-patellectomised knee (2008)

Clinical performance and microscopic analysis of a porous tantalum patella, retrieved from a 34-year-old male eight months after implantation is reported. The metallic tantalum represented 20 vol.% of the analysed patellar component. Tissue ingrowth was only in the large pores (up to 92%). Total tissue ingrowth was to the extent of 80%. The entire volume (including tantalum, small and large pores) had 64% tissue ingrowth. From the perspective of tissue ingrowth, the study supports the porous tantalum for clinical applications. This is the first report that evaluates the soft tissue ingrowth in a human retrieved trabecular metal patella.
Teleintensive care unit (2012)

Philips VISICU Baltimore, MD * See also p. 450. The author was a founder of VISICU, Inc, the company that provided software and services for the majority of remote ICU care programs cited, including the program described by Willmich et al and is an employee of Philips, Inc. where he is responsible for product development and research related to remote ICU care.
A Novel Subshape Molecular Descriptor (2003)

Molecules with similar shapes and features often have similar biological activity. Several computational approaches search chemical databases for new leads or templates based on overall molecular shape similarity. However, active molecules often present critical subshapes that are required for binding, which may be missed by comparing overall shape similarity. We present a new approach to compare molecular shapes of different sizes and to calculate subshape similarity. We developed a skeletal representation of the shape which is topologically unrelated to covalent chemical connectivity. This simplifies rotational and translational sampling. We test initial possible alignments by matching similar triangles. This triangle-matching filter rapidly eliminates most geometrically impossible matches. Surviving matches are filtered further in successive stages. These stages involve direction, feature, and shape matching procedures. Our approach is applied to several situations demonstrating lead discovery and evolution.
Stem diameter and rotational stability in revision total hip arthroplasty: a biomechanical analysis (2006)

Larger stem diameters frequently used in revisions may be associated with less diaphyseal contact length to achieve equivalent rotational stability compared to smaller diameter stems. Furthermore, a minimum of 3 cm or 4 cm of diaphyseal contact with a porous-coated stem should be achieved in proximal femoral bone deficiency and will likely be dependent on the stem diameter utilized at the time of surgery.