gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Editor's Page A Great Day for Organometallic Chemistry (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTEditor's Page A Great Day for Organometallic ChemistryDietmar Seyferth, Tobin J. Marks, Lanny S. Liebeskind, Dwight A. Sweigart, and Kenton H. WhitmireView Author Information EditorsCite this: Organometallics 2005, 24, 25, 6073Publication Date (Web):October 29, 2005Publication History Published online29 October 2005Published inissue 1 December 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om0508942https://doi.org/10.1021/om0508942editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views518Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (73 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Catalysts,Metathesis,Monomers,Organometallic chemistry Get e-Alerts
An execution architecture for FP (1986)

FP is a functional programming language proposed by John Backus to liberate programming from the “von Neumann Style.” We define here an architecture (FP machine model) that is intended to allow easy and efficient implementation of FP on a conventional von Neumann machine. We present a new execution architecture for FP based on Johnston's contour model and on Hoevel and Flynn's notion of DEL/DCA architectures. We call our architecture DELfp, a Directly Executed Language for FP.
Electro-optical probe dedicated to the on-line testing of electronic systems (2004)

The measurement of electrical quantities, like voltage or current, using optical methods is a domain in full expansion. In this paper, we present preliminary results of a simple design EO probe. It is made of PZT material comprises between two electrodes that also act as optical mirrors. The upper electrode is a semi-transparent gold layer, 50 nm thick, while the second is made of Pt. Numerical simulations show that a variation up to 7.2 % (0 to 5V) can be reached at normal incidence with such a structure with an upper mirror made of 2-quarter wavelength thin layers of Si/SiO/sub 2/. This present structure is used to characterize different composition of PZT in order to obtain the best EO coefficient. It is also used to discriminate between EO of the 1st or second order and also mechanical effects (piezoelectric effect).
Animal models of cancer and HIV (2004)

A number of potential useful models exist that may facilitate improved understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of cancers associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: open clusters in Gaia-DR1 - a way forward to stellar age calibration (2017)

Context. Determination and calibration of the ages of stars, which heavily rely on stellar evolutionary models, are very challenging, while representing a crucial aspect in many astrophysical areas. Aims. We describe the methodologies that, taking advantage of Gaia-DR1 and the Gaia-ESO Survey data, enable the comparison of observed open star cluster sequences with stellar evolutionary models. The final, long-term goal is the exploitation of open clusters as age calibrators. Methods. We perform a homogeneous analysis of eight open clusters using the Gaia-DR1 TGAS catalogue for bright members and information from the Gaia-ESO Survey for fainter stars. Cluster membership probabilities for the Gaia-ESO Survey targets are derived based on several spectroscopic tracers. The Gaia-ESO Survey also provides the cluster chemical composition. We obtain cluster parallaxes using two methods. The first one relies on the astrometric selection of a sample of bona fide members, while the other one fits the parallax distribution of a larger sample of TGAS sources. Ages and reddening values are recovered through a Bayesian analysis using the 2MASS magnitudes and three sets of standard models. Lithium depletion boundary (LDB) ages are also determined using literature observations and the same models employed for the Bayesian analysis. Results. For all but one cluster, parallaxes derived by us agree with those presented in Gaia Collaboration (2017, A&amp;A, 601, A19), while a discrepancy is found for NGC 2516; we provide evidence supporting our own determination. Inferred cluster ages are robust against models and are generally consistent with literature values. Conclusions. The systematic parallax errors inherent in the Gaia DR1 data presently limit the precision of our results. Nevertheless, we have been able to place these eight clusters onto the same age scale for the first time, with good agreement between isochronal and LDB ages where there is overlap. Our approach appears promising and demonstrates the potential of combining Gaia and ground-based spectroscopic datasets.
Sonication-Induced Modification of Carbon Nanotubes: Effect on the Rheological and Thermo-Oxidative Behaviour of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites (2018)

The aim of this work is the investigation of the effect of ultrasound treatment on the structural characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the consequent influence that the shortening induced by sonication exerts on the morphology, rheological behaviour and thermo-oxidative resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based nanocomposites. First, CNTs have been subjected to sonication for different time intervals and the performed spectroscopic and morphological analyses reveal that a dramatic decrease of the CNT's original length occurs with increased sonication time. The reduction of the initial length of CNTs strongly affects the nanocomposite rheological behaviour, which progressively changes from solid-like to liquid-like as the CNT sonication time increases. The study of the thermo-oxidative behaviour of the investigated nanocomposites reveals that the CNT sonication has a detrimental effect on the thermo-oxidative stability of nanocomposites, especially for long exposure times. The worsening of the thermo-oxidative resistance of sonicated CNT-containing nanocomposites could be attributed to the lower thermal conductivity of low-aspect-ratio CNTs, which causes the increase of the local temperature at the polymer/nanofillers interphase, with the consequent acceleration of the degradative phenomena.
Stability of adaptive delta modulators with forgetting factor and constant inputs (2011)

Abstract Motivated by applications to feedback control over communication networks where the actuation and feedback signals are transmitted over communication channels, we study the stability of Adaptive Delta Modulators (ADM) when the coded signal is a constant. The importance of such a setting arises because a common control task is to track a dc input. It is known that a standard accumulator‐based ADM has the following highly undesirable characteristic: virtually all combinations of the algorithm parameters result in 4‐cycles, and the avoidance of 4‐cycles requires a nongeneric initialization. Further, the steady state oscillations that generically arise in the course of these cycles can have amplitudes that can be arbitrarily close to the initial error. Consequently, we study the use of a forgetting factor in the ADM loop, and provide a detailed stability analysis and design guidelines. Intuitively, adding a forgetting factor to the classical ADM algorithm prevents 4‐periodic cycles from occurring by damping them. In particular, we show that for suitably chosen design parameters, the ADM with forgetting factor can track a constant signal arbitrarily closely under mild assumptions. We provide simulations to demonstrate how much better the modified algorithm performs relative to the original ADM algorithm in a remote control setting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 promotes remyelination (2020)

Myelination requires a highly organized synthesis of multiple lipid species that regulate myelin curvature and compaction. For reasons that are not understood, central nervous system remyelinated axons often have thin myelin sheaths with a disorganized structure susceptible to secondary demyelination. We found that expression of the sphingomyelin hydrolase neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) during the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to myelinating oligodendrocytes changes their response to inflammatory cytokines. OPCs do not express nSMase2 and exhibit a protective/regenerative response to tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Oligodendrocytes express nSMase2 and exhibit a stress response to cytokine challenge that includes an overproduction of ceramide, a sphingolipid that forms negative curvatures in membranes. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of nSMase2 in myelinating oligodendrocytes normalized the ceramide content of remyelinated fibers and increased thickness and compaction. These results suggest that inhibition of nSMase2 could improve the quality of myelin and stabilize structure.
Clustering high-dimensional data via random sampling and consensus (2014)

In response to the urgent need for learning tools tuned to big data analytics, the present paper introduces a feature selection approach to efficient clustering of high-dimensional vectors. The resultant method leverages random sampling and consensus (RANSAC) arguments, originally developed for robust regression tasks in computer vision, to yield novel dimensionality reduction schemes. The advocated random sampling and consensus K-means (RSC-Kmeans) algorithm can operate in either batch or sequential modes, with the latter being able to afford lower computational footprint than the former. Extensive numerical tests on synthetic and real datasets highlight the potential of the proposed algorithms, and demonstrate their competitive performance relative to state-of-the-art random projection alternatives.
Statin Use and Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes: A Longitudinal Cohort Study (2018)

The effect of statin use on knee OA outcomes remains unclear, although in our study, a significantly lower risk of developing knee pain was observed in individuals using statins for >5 years and those using atorvastatin.
The Use of Stents in Contemporary Urology (2004)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy1 Nov 2004The Use of Stents in Contemporary Urology Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)60977-9AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Use of Stents in Contemporary Urology." The Journal of Urology, 172(5), p. 2106 © 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 172Issue 5November 2004Page: 2106 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Responsive materials architected in space and time (2022)

Rationally designed architected materials have attained previously untapped territories in materials property space. The properties and behaviours of architected materials need not be stagnant after fabrication; they can be encoded with a temporal degree of freedom such that they evolve over time. In this Review, we describe the variety of materials architected in both space and time, and their responses to various stimuli, including mechanical actuation, changes in temperature and chemical environment, and variations in electromagnetic fields. We highlight the additive manufacturing methods that can precisely prescribe complex geometries and local inhomogeneities to make such responsiveness possible. We discuss the emergent physics phenomena observed in architected materials that are analogous to those in classical materials, such as the formation and behaviour of defects, phase transformations and topologically protected properties. Finally, we offer a perspective on the future of architected materials that have a degree of intelligence through mechanical logic and artificial neural networks.
Effect of Atomic Layer Etching on Residual Stress of Al2o3 Ald Ultra-Thin Film Suspended Structures (2019)

This paper presents the first study of the effect of thermal atomic layer etching (ALE) on the residual stress in suspended atomic layer deposition (ALD) structures. Optical curvature measurements on silicon wafers with varying thicknesses of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ALD on polyimide were collected ex situ to obtain the residual stress evolution of the film. Brownian motion of micromachined resonators fabricated with an ALD-on-polyimide process [1] was measured in a range of 1-10 MHz using an optical interferometer before and after ALE processing. Experimental resonant frequencies were compared with FEM simulations to validate residual stress in suspended structures. Results show good agreements between the residual stress obtained using resonant frequency and wafer curvature measurements. Furthermore, suspended beams with an initial thickness of 30 nm were thinned down to 10 nm using ALE. TEM imaging was used to confirm beam thickness after etching. Experimental data with FEM validation shows that ALE can be used to remove highly stressed nucleation and coalescence regions in free-standing structures.
Multiplexed therapeutic drug monitoring of antipsychotics in dried plasma spots by LC‐MS/MS (2020)

In this work, a convenient method for the therapeutic monitoring of seven common antipsychotic drugs in "dried plasma spot" samples has been developed. It is based on the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry technique, operating in multiple reaction monitoring mode, and a straightforward procedure for the simultaneous extraction of all antipsychotics in a single step, with high extraction yield. The method was fully validated with proper accuracy, precision, selectivity and sensitivity, for all the drugs. Limits of quantification were 0.12, 1.09, 1.46, 1.47, 5.70, 1.32, 1.33 µg/L for haloperidol, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, clozapine, risperidone, and paliperidone, respectively. Accuracy, intra- and interday precision values were <10% for all drugs at all concentration levels examined. The method was tested in the analysis of 30 plasma samples from real patients for each drug. The proposed analytical approach, by combining practical and logistical advantages of microsampling with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analytical performance, could offer an ideal strategy for accurate and timely therapeutic drug monitoring of antipsychotic drugs in most clinical settings, even in remote centers and/or in out-patient settings, bringing so many potential improvements in psychiatric patient care.
HIV-1 Resistance Profile of the Novel Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor β-D-2′,3′-Dideoxy-2′,3′-Didehydro-5-Fluorocytidine (Reverset™) (2003)

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) represent the cornerstone of highly active antiretroviral therapy when combined with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) or HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs). Unlike the NNRTIs and PIs, NRTIs must be successively phosphorylated by cellular kinases to a triphosphate form, which represents the active metabolite possessing antiviral activity. Emergence of viral resistance to NRTIs has severely hampered treatment options for persons infected with HIV-1. As such, there is an urgent need to develop NRTIs capable of suppressing NRTI-resistant strains of HIV-1. We have recently reported that the cytidine analogue D-d4FC (DPC817, Reverset) effectively inhibits clinically prevalent resistant strains of HIV-1. In this report, we have extended these findings and now describe a detailed resistance profile for this novel NRTI. By examining a panel of 50 viruses carrying RTs derived from HIV-1 clinical isolates displaying a wide range of NRTI resistance mutations, we report that the median fold increase in effective antiviral concentration for such a panel of viruses is 3.2, which is comparable to tenofovir (2.8-fold) and didanosine (2.4-fold). D-d4FC is highly effective at inhibiting subsets of lamivudine- and zidovudine-resistant variants but, like other NRTIs, seems less potent against multi-NRTI-resistant viruses, particularly those carrying the Q151M complex of mutations. Finally, in vitro selections for HIV-1 mutants capable of replicating in the presence of D-d4FC yielded a mutant carrying the RT K65R mutation. This mutation confers 5.3- to 8.7-fold resistance to D-d4FC in vitro. These findings suggest that D-d4FC may represent an alternative NRTI for the treatment of individuals infected with lamivudine- and zidovudine-resistant strains of HIV-1.
Synthesis of Cyclic Megamolecules (2018)

This paper describes the synthesis of giant cyclic molecules having diameters of 10-20 nm. The molecules are prepared through the reactions of a fusion protein building block with small molecule linkers that are terminated in irreversible inhibitors of enzyme domains present in the fusion. This building block has N-terminal cutinase and C-terminal SnapTag domains that react irreversibly with p-nitrophenyl phosphonate (pNPP) and benzylguanine (BG) groups, respectively. We use a bis-BG and a BG-pNPP linker to join these fusion proteins into linear structures that can then react with a bis-pNPP linker that joins the ends into a cyclic product. The last step can occur intramolecularly, to give the macrocycle, or intermolecularly with another equivalent of linker, to give a linear product. Because these are coupled first- and second-order processes, an analysis of product yields from reactions performed at a range of linker concentrations gives rate constants for cyclization. We determined these to be 9.7 × 10<sup>-3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, 2.3 × 10<sup>-3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, and 8.1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> for the dimer, tetramer, and hexamer, respectively. This work demonstrates an efficient route to cyclic macromolecules having nanoscale dimensions and provides new scaffolds that can be generated using the megamolecule approach.
Effect of curcumin on inflammatory responses in hippocampus during global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in hypertensive rats (2014)

Objective To evaluate the effect of curcumin on the inflammatory responses in the hippocampus during global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in hypertensive rats.Methods Forty-eight SPF male Wistar-Kyoto rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (W-Sham group) and I/R group (W-I/R group).Seventy-two SPF male spontaneously hypertensive rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S-Sham group),I/R group (S-I/R group),and curcumin group (S-Cur group).Global cerebral ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion method (10 min of transient global ischemia followed by reperfusion).Curcumin 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min of reperfusion in S-Cur group,and corn oil 5 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min of reperfusion in the other groups.The ability of learning and memory was tested by step-down test at 7 days of reperfusion.Rats were sacrificed at 3 h and 1,3 and 7 days of reperfusion (T1-4) and the hippocampi were removed.The morphological changes of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area were observed by HE staining.The mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was quantified by Nissl staining.The contents of interleukin-lβ (IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 in the hippocampus were determined by ELISA.Results Compared with W-Sham group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly decreased,the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was decreased,the contents of IL-1β at T1-3,TNF-α at T1,and IL-10 at T2 were increased,and the contents of IL-10 were decreased at T1,3,4 in W-I/R group,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in S-Sham group.Compared with W-I/R group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly decreased,the contents of IL-1β at T1,3 and IL-10 at T2 were decreased,the content of TNF-α was increased at T1,no significant change was found in the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area,and the damage to pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was severe in S-I/R group.Compared with S-I/R group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly increased,the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was increased,the contents of IL-1β at T2,3 and TNF-α at T1-4 were increased,and the content of IL-10 was increased at T2,and the damage to pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was reduced in S-Cur group.Conclusion Inhibition of inflammatory responses in the hippocampus may be involved in the mechanism by which curcumin reduces global cerebral I/R injury in hypertensive rats.

Key words: 
Curcumin ;  Hypertension ;  Inflammation ;  Brain ;  Reperfusion injury ;  Hippocampus
Role of procaine and washed red cells in the isolated dog heart perfused at 5 degrees C. (1982)

Isolated dog hearts were perfused for 24 hours at 5 degrees C with one of three solutions: plain Krebs solution, Krebs solution containing 167 mg/L of procaine hydrochloride, or Krebs-procaine solution with washed red cells (hematocrit 2%). Coronary vascular resistance (CVR) of hearts perfused with Krebs solution alone increased sharply between the eighth and the twelfth hours of perfusion and then stabilized. Increase of myocardial firmness paralleled the increase of CVR. The addition of procaine to Krebs perfusate kept the heart flaccid and suppressed the steplike increase in CVR but failed to improve significantly the preservation of the hearts. The addition of washed red cells to Krebs perfusate kept CVR near baseline level, improved coronary perfusion flow, doubled myocardial oxygen consumption, reduced edema formation, and improved left ventricular stroke work (LVSW) of the preserved heart. This improvement seems mostly related to a mechanical effect of red blood cells on capillary flow distribution of the heart.