gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wind noise reduction : signal processing concepts (2016)

With the technological progress, devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers or hearing aids, can be used in a large variety of every-day situations for mobile communication. Acoustic background noise signals, which are picked up with the desired speech signal, can impair the signal quality and the intelligibility of a conversation. A special noise type is generated outdoors, if the microphone is exposed to a wind stream resulting in strong-rumbling noise, which is highly non-stationary. As a result, conventional approaches for noise reduction fail in the case of noise induced by wind turbulences.This thesis is focused on the development of signal processing concepts, which reduce the undesired effects of wind noise. The key contributions are:- Signal analysis of wind noise- Digital signal model for wind noise generation- Signal processing algorithms for detection and reduction of wind noise signals.All these topics are considered with the focus on the development of algorithms for single and dual microphone systems.The analysis of recorded wind signals is the first step and gives valuable information for the estimation and reduction of wind noise. Furthermore it leads to a signal model for the generation of reproducible artificial wind noise signals.For the enhancement of the disturbed speech, an estimate of the underlying wind noise signal is required. In contrast to state-of-the-art noise estimation algorithms, the spectral shape and energy distribution is exploited for the distinction between speech and wind noise components leading to a novel estimation scheme of the wind noise short-term power spectrum. Considering a system with two microphone inputs, the complex coherence function of the two recorded signals is exploited for wind noise estimation. In addition to commonly used noise reduction schemes by spectral weighting, an innovative concept for speech enhancement is developed by using techniques known from artificial bandwidth extension. Highly disturbed speech parts are replaced by corresponding parts from an artificial speech signal.Objective measures indicate a significant increase of both the signal-to-noise ratio and the speech intelligibility. Besides, two application examples show that the proposed methods are very efficient and robust in realistic scenarios.
RHPWM01 Radiation hardened dual channel current mode PWM (2019)

This paper discuss the development of a radiation hardened Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller designed and manufactured by STMicroelectronics, for aerospace applications. It provides a brief technical description of the design and features of the device highlighting the main elements. Finally, some typical application circuits together with a selection of interesting plots and waveforms are presented.
Cancer Detection Using a Novel Contrast Mechanism via Infrared Transillumination (2006)

We present a novel differential near infrared transillumination imaging modality using inspiratory contrast agents as a possible route to specific imaging of tumors. The advantages and possible pitfalls in whole animal imaging are presented.
Polyether-functionalized redox shuttle additives for lithium ion batteries (2023)

Compounds may have general Formula I, II, or III: ##STR00001## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, NO.sub.2, a alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a phosphate group, a polyether group; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 (in the case of Formula II) may join together to form a fused ring on the benzene ring; and X and Z are independently a group of Formula A: ##STR00002## where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently H, F, Cl, Br, CN, NO.sub.2, a alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a phosphate group, or a polyether group; R.sup.7 is H, F, Cl, Br, CN, NO.sub.2, a alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a phosphate group, or a polyether group; n is an integer from 1 to 8; and m is an integer from 1 to 13. Such compounds may be used as redox shuttles in electrolytes for use in electrochemical cells, batteries and electronic devices.
Tolerance and cross-tolerance studies with morphine and ethylketocyclazocine (1982)

Journal Article Tolerance and cross-tolerance studies with morphine and ethylketocyclazocine Get access Frank Porreca, Frank Porreca Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alan Cowan, Alan Cowan Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Robert B Raffa, Robert B Raffa Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ronald J Tallarida Ronald J Tallarida Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 34, Issue 10, October 1982, Pages 666–667, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1982.tb04698.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 19 April 1982 Published: 12 April 2011
A Secure Distributed Peer To Peer Systems (2014)

A P2P network can be an ad hoc connection- a couple of computers connected via a Universal Serial Bus to transfer files. And these networks are vulnerable to peers. The traditional security techniques are insufficient for P2P networks as they are insecure by their very nature. There’s no centralized server controlling access to shared resources in a P2P network which have unique challenges including identity management of the peers, secure reputation data management, Sybil attacks, and above all, availability of reputation data. The future actions are predicted where peers are encapsulated in its digital reputation, based on the past behaviour of the peer.Thus a peer’s reputation allows it to cooperate and prevent from malicious activities. The cryptographic protocol is coupled with selfcertification and cryptographic mechanisms for identity management and countering Sybil attack.
Development of the micro-mirror with large scaning angle using FE-based metallic glass thin film (2011)

In order to realize the large tilting angle of micro-mirror devices without mechanical failure, the mirror structure was fabricated using a Fe-based metallic glass (MG) thin film. The micro-mirrors with mirror-plate diameter of 900μm and torsion bar dimensions; length 250μm, width 30μm and thickness 3μm were fabricated. Extremely large tilting angle of ± 270° was obtained on activation of mirror by using a permanent magnet. And when 93mA was applied to the driving set-up using Lorentz force, over 75° of mechanical angle was obtained. Large tilting angle of micro-mirror is due to the torsion bar which was fabricated with Fe-based MG thin film that has large elastic strain limit, excellent magnetic and mechanical properties.
Pulse measurement apparatus and method (2023)

An embodiment of the invention is directed to a pulse measuring system that measures a characteristic of an input pulse under test, particularly the pulse shape of a single-shot, nano-second duration, high shape-contrast optical or electrical pulse. An exemplary system includes a multi-stage, passive pulse replicator, wherein each successive stage introduces a fixed time delay to the input pulse under test, a repetitively-gated electronic sampling apparatus that acquires the pulse train including an entire waveform of each replica pulse, a processor that temporally aligns the replicated pulses, and an averager that temporally averages the replicated pulses to generate the pulse shape of the pulse under test. An embodiment of the invention is directed to a method for measuring an optical or an electrical pulse shape. The method includes the steps of passively replicating the pulse under test with a known time delay, temporally stacking the pulses, and temporally averaging the stacked pulses. An embodiment of the invention is directed to a method for increasing the dynamic range of a pulse measurement by a repetitively-gated electronic sampling device having a rated dynamic range capability, beyond the rated dynamic range of the sampling device; e.g., enhancing the dynamic range of an oscilloscope. The embodied technique can improve the SNR from about 300:1 to 1000:1. A dynamic range enhancement of four to seven bits may be achieved.
Compact ferroelectric reflection phase shifters at X-band (2003)

Compact reflection phase shifters using thin film barium strontium titanate have been developed. X-band designs measuring less than 0.5 mm/sup 2/ are realized by using only lumped element components. The circuits are constructed monolithically, using planar spiral inductors, thin-film resistors, and parallel plate ferroelectric capacitors on a dielectric substrate. A novel low impedance transforming design is used to enhance performance. The first prototypes show promise, giving approximately 14/spl deg//dB. Further process and design improvements will increase performance.
Origin of wiring specificity in an olfactory map revealed by neuron type–specific, time-lapse imaging of dendrite targeting (2023)

How does wiring specificity of neural maps emerge during development? Formation of the adult <i>Drosophila</i> olfactory glomerular map begins with the patterning of projection neuron (PN) dendrites at the early pupal stage. To better understand the origin of wiring specificity of this map, we created genetic tools to systematically characterize dendrite patterning across development at PN type-specific resolution. We find that PNs use lineage and birth order combinatorially to build the initial dendritic map. Specifically, birth order directs dendrite targeting in rotating and binary manners for PNs of the anterodorsal and lateral lineages, respectively. Two-photon- and adaptive optical lattice light-sheet microscope-based time-lapse imaging reveals that PN dendrites initiate active targeting with direction-dependent branch stabilization on the timescale of seconds. Moreover, PNs that are used in both the larval and adult olfactory circuits prune their larval-specific dendrites and re-extend new dendrites simultaneously to facilitate timely olfactory map organization. Our work highlights the power and necessity of type-specific neuronal access and time-lapse imaging in identifying wiring mechanisms that underlie complex patterns of functional neural maps.
Snoring and Sleep Apnea. A Population Study in Australian Men (1995)

Snoring and sleeping apnea are reportedly associated with morbidity. We used home monitoring (MESAM IV) to measure snoring and sleep apnea in 294 men aged 40 to 65 yr from the volunteer register of the Busselton (Australia) Health Survey. In this group, 81% snored for more than 10% of the night and 22% for more than half the night; 26% had a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) > or = 5, and 10% had an RDI > or = 10. There was a relatively low correlation between percentage of night spent snoring and RDI (rho = 0.47, p < 0.005). Subjective daytime sleepiness plus RDI > or = 5 occurred in a minimum of 3%. Obesity was related to snoring, RDI, and minimum SaO2 (all p < 0.0001). There was no relationship between age and either RDI or snoring, but increased age was related to minimum SaO2 < 85% (p < 0.05). Alcohol consumption was not related to sleep-disordered breathing. Smokers snored for a greater percentage of the night than nonsmokers (41 versus 31%, p = 0.01). We conclude that, in middle-aged men, both snoring and sleep apnea are extremely common, and in this age range both are associated with obesity but not with age. However, a high percentage of snoring is not essential for the occurrence of sleep apnea, nor does it necessarily indicate that apnea is present.
Nonstochiometry in LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4: Structural and Electrochemical Properties (2013)

International audience
Pervasive diagnosis: the integration of diagnostic goals into production plans (2008)

In model-based control, a planner uses a system description to create a plan that achieves production goals (Fikes &amp;amp; Nilsson 1971). The same description can be used by model-based diagnosis to infer the condition of components in a system from partially informative sensors. Prior work has demonstrated that diagnosis can be used to adapt the con-trol of a system to changes in its components. However diagnosis must either make inferences from passive obser-vations of production, or production must be halted to take diagnostic actions. We observe that the declarative nature of model-based control allows the planner to achieve pro-duction goals in multiple ways. This flexibility can be ex-ploited with a novel paradigm we call pervasive diagnosis which produces diagnostic production plans that simultane-ously achieve production goals while uncovering additional information about component health. We present an effi-cient heuristic search for these diagnostic production plans and show through experiments on a model of an industrial digital printing press that the theoretical increase in infor-mation can be realized on practical real-time systems. We obtain higher long-run productivity than a decoupled com-bination of planning and diagnosis.
Self-consistent modeling of the electrohydrodynamics of a conductive meniscus (1995)

A complete self-consistent model has been developed for the motion of a conductive liquid surface on a capillary orifice, under an applied electric field. The model uses a quasi-one-dimensional hydrodynamic formulation and a two-dimensional axisymmetric boundary element solution for electric field. The model permits simulation of meniscus behavior with time-varying electric excitation or pressure. Results for resonance behavior and drop emission are presented, with experimental results for comparison.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Probing the focused laser spot of the apodized light source. (2004)

This paper deals with both theoretical and experimental studies of near-field imaging of the focused laser spot. In theoretical simulation, we calculate the intensity distribution in the focal region of the apodized light source. Size reduction of the focusing spot of an annular light beam is found to be related with various epsilon, which is the ratio of the obstruction radius to the radius of lens aperture. The experimental setup is based on a near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) system. An opaque disk is used to make an annular beam. A high numerical aperture objective lens (NA = 0.8) is used to focus incident lights of different annular light beams, and a tapered near-field optical fiber probe of the NSOM system is used to collect the intensity of the focal field. Results demonstrate that a better transverse resolution can be obtained from the reduction of the focusing spot. The intensity profile of an annular beam may have a significant influence on the size reduction of the focusing spot.
Differential Biomechanical Effects of Injury and Wiring at C1–C2 (1999)

The three different injuries produce different spinal biomechanical responses. To best promote fusion, posterior cable and graft fixation should be used with an adjunctive stabilizing technique to treat all three injuries.
Heat pumps utilizing ionic liquid desiccant (2023)

An ionic liquid desiccant system utilizes an ionic liquid desiccant to draw moisture from a working fluid, such as air that flow into an enclosure, such as a home. The desiccant may be mixed with the working fluid or a separator that allows moisture transport therethrough may be configured between the ionic liquid desiccant and the working fluid. The ionic liquid desiccant system may be part of an air conditioning system and may remove the moisture from air that is cooled by flowing over an evaporator or heat exchanger coupled with the evaporator. The ionic liquid desiccant may be pumped from a desiccant chamber to a regenerator chamber to remove absorbed moisture. A dual-purpose chamber may act as a desiccant chamber and as a regenerator chamber. A refrigeration system may have an electrochemical compressor and may utilize metal hydride heat exchangers.
Gaussian-4 theory (2007)

The Gaussian-4 theory (G4 theory) for the calculation of energies of compounds containing first- (Li-F), second- (Na-Cl), and third-row main group (K, Ca, and Ga-Kr) atoms is presented. This theoretical procedure is the fourth in the Gaussian-n series of quantum chemical methods based on a sequence of single point energy calculations. The G4 theory modifies the Gaussian-3 (G3) theory in five ways. First, an extrapolation procedure is used to obtain the Hartree-Fock limit for inclusion in the total energy calculation. Second, the d-polarization sets are increased to 3d on the first-row atoms and to 4d on the second-row atoms, with reoptimization of the exponents for the latter. Third, the QCISD(T) method is replaced by the CCSD(T) method for the highest level of correlation treatment. Fourth, optimized geometries and zero-point energies are obtained with the B3LYP density functional. Fifth, two new higher level corrections are added to account for deficiencies in the energy calculations. The new method is assessed on the 454 experimental energies in the G305 test set [L. A. Curtiss, P. C. Redfern, and K. Raghavachari, J. Chem. Phys. 123, 124107 (2005)], and the average absolute deviation from experiment shows significant improvement from 1.13 kcal/mol (G3 theory) to 0.83 kcal/mol (G4 theory). The largest improvement is found for 79 nonhydrogen systems (2.10 kcal/mol for G3 versus 1.13 kcal/mol for G4). The contributions of the new features to this improvement are analyzed and the performance on different types of energies is discussed.
The Preparation of a Novel Hyperbranched Antifouling Material and Application in the Protection of Marine Concrete (2022)

Marine fouling on concrete has become one of the severest problems that damage the surface and even cause internal corrosion of marine concrete. Dissimilarly to the previous abuse of toxic antifoulants, developing hydrophobic waterborne antifouling materials could be regarded as one of the most environment-friendly and potential directions to protect marine concrete. However, the insufficient hydrophobicity, antifouling, and mechanical properties limit their application. Herein, we reported a series of hybrid coatings combining hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) decorated waterborne fluoro silicone polyurethane (H) and HPG-grafted graphene oxide (G-HPG) that improve the hydrophobicity, antifouling, and mechanical properties. The hybrid materials were modified by the hyperbranched polyglycerol synthesized based on the anionic-ring-opening reaction between glycerol and ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol. Remarkably, the hydrophobicity (115.19°) and antifouling properties (BSA absorption of 2.33 μg/cm<sup>2</sup> and <i>P. tricornutum</i> attachment of 1.289 × 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>) of the materials could be developed by the modification of HPG with higher generation numbers and backbone molecular weights. Moreover, the mechanical properties negligibly decreased (tensile strength decreased from 11.29 MPa to 10.49 MPa, same pencil hardness and adhesion grade as H of 2H and grade 2). The results revealed that the HPG of higher generation numbers and backbone molecular weights could benefit materials with enhanced antifouling properties and hydrophobicity. The method of hyperbranched modification can be regarded as potentially effective in developing the durability and antifouling properties of marine antifouling materials.
Kinetic ambiguity between the Id and D mechanisms in ligand substitution reactions. The intimate mechanism for axial base-ligand exchange reactions in alkyl(base)cobaloximes and related species (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic ambiguity between the Id and D mechanisms in ligand substitution reactions. The intimate mechanism for axial base-ligand exchange reactions in alkyl(base)cobaloximes and related speciesJ. A. Ewen and D. J. DarensbourgCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 14, 4317–4319Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00430a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00430a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toughening Thin‐Film Structures with Ceramic‐Like Amorphous Silicon Carbide Films (2013)

A significant improvement of adhesion in thin-film structures is demonstrated using embedded ceramic-like amorphous silicon carbide films (a-SiC:H films). a-SiC:H films exhibit plasticity at the nanoscale and outstanding chemical and thermal stability unlike most materials. The multi-functionality and the ease of processing of the films have potential to offer a new toughening strategy for reliability of nanoscale device structures.
Tunable Frequency Combs based on Dual Microring Resonators (2015)

We demonstrate tunable coupling condition of a silicon nitride microresonator frequency comb. Using a dual-coupled resonator geometry and integrated microheaters, we achieve 13.3 dB of extinction tuning and observe 10-fold increase in generated power.
Photodissociation of CH2. VI. Three-dimensional quantum dynamics of the dissociation through the coupled 2A″ and 3A″ states (1997)

We present quantitative results on photodissociation of CH2(X̃ 3B1) through the coupled 2A′′ and 3A′′ states. A three-dimensional, hybrid quantum dynamical method was used, employing hyperspherical coordinates. The diabatic potential energy surfaces (PES’s) used in the dynamics were derived from ab initio calculations. A small product fraction (2.7%) was computed for the CH(A 2Δ)+H channel, in agreement with experiment and approximate dynamical calculations. The dissociation proceeds mostly on a A2-like diabatic surface, into CH(a 4Σ−)+H(93.3%) and C(3P)+H2(4.0%). Resonances of widths in the range 0.1–10 meV affect the photodissociation. Pre-exciting a vibrational mode of CH2(X̃ 3B1) prior to photodissociation does not alter the picture, except if the antisymmetric stretch mode is excited: In this case the product fractions for the C(3P)+H2 and CH(A 2Δ)+H channels collapse to values of 1% or lower, and the resonances disappear. Model calculations show that the large product fraction found for CH(a 4Σ−)+H is due to the initial motion on the “bright”B1-like surface, which biases the outcome of the dissociation in favor of CH(a 4Σ−)+H.
Electroless Deposition of Gold Nanowires and Nanotubules in Polymeric Membranes (2006)

Abstract not Available.