gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Passive UAV Tracking in Wireless Networks (2022)

Techniques for high accuracy tracking of the 3-D velocity, position, and cellular carrier frequency bias of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that communicate using a cellular network are presented. The tracking algorithm does <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">only</i> rely on asynchronous measurements of Doppler shift in a minimum of four base station sites. This number can be reduced to three, by combination with a round-trip time measurement from one site. The tracking is therefore independent of any capability of the UAV transceiver, like the global positioning system that may be disabled in the UAV by the pilot. Another significant advantage is that high precision time synchronization between base stations is not needed. The algorithm exploits interacting multiple model filtering, with the nonlinear measurement equations handled by extended Kalman filters. The low computational complexity, low sampling rate, and the uplink Doppler shift measurement resources enable joint tracking of several UAVs per cell. This makes the tracking technique relevant for supervision of UAV traffic using cellular connectivity, for example for border surveillance and surveillance of sensitive areas like airports where illegal flying may be extremely dangerous and costly. Theoretically, an observability analysis treats measurement configurations based on different combinations of Doppler shift and round-trip time. Simulations are used to illustrate the performance and to assess the initialization properties.
3D reconstruction from CT-scan volume dataset application to kidney modeling. (2011)

Organ segmentation and reconstruction are useful for many clinical purpose, like diagnostic aid or therapy planification. The segmentation literature is large. However, it is rare to find a method which performs both organ segmentation and reconstruction. Moreover, the major part of the literature focuses on the liver or lungs. We present a new method for kidney reconstruction from 3D CT scan. First, we perform a segmentation stage to extract the kidney volume from the greyscale image stack. Then, we refine this segmentation by analyzing the histogram of the kidney regions previously segmented. The refinement step eliminates the areas that was incorrectly considered as kidney region. A point cloud is extracted and is then reconstructed using the Poisson surface reconstruction. Thus, we obtain a 3D kidney model on which we apply a post-treatment in order to regularize it. Despite the reconstruction step, our method is fast and can be used real-time medical environment.
Inside Cover: Cooperative Veratryle and Nitroindoline Cages for Two‐Photon Uncaging in the NIR (Chem. Eur. J. 31/2016) (2016)

Together is better when matching partners interact! By combining complementary two-photon fluorophore and uncaging modules, dyads showing record two-photon uncaging properties have been obtained by M. Blanchard-Desce and co-workers. The engineering strategy has a large scope. Intriguing synergic and topological effects are observed, revealing that cooperative interactions are operative. These two-photon cages hold great promise for drug delivery. More information can be found in the Full Paper by M. Blanchard-Desce et al. on page 10848.
Thermal Atomic Layer Etching of Amorphous and Crystalline Hafnium Oxide, Zirconium Oxide, and Hafnium Zirconium Oxide (2019)

Thermal atomic layer etching (ALE) using the fluorination and ligand-exchange mechanism was employed to etch amorphous and crystalline films of hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, and hafnium zirconium oxide. HF was the fluorination reactant and dimethylaluminum chloride (DMAC) or titanium tetrachloride was the metal precursor for ligand-exchange. The amorphous films etched faster than the crystalline films. The differences were most pronounced for hafnium oxide. At 250°C, the etch rate was 0.03-0.08 Å/cycle for crystalline HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and 0.68 Å/cycle for amorphous HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> .
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonds Between Main‐Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 33. Oxidative Addition of Hydrogen Telluride to Organometallic Fragments. (1987)

Abstract (η5‐C5Me5)Re(CO)2(THF), photochemically generated from the tricarbonyl (I), reacts with TeH 2 to give the ReTe compounds (II)‐(V).
Apolipoprotein E in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Other Forms of Dementia Is Reduced but without Any Correlation to the apoE4 Isoform (1996)

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has been suggested to play a role in regenerative processes in the brain after trauma, and also in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) apoE in a material consisting of 23 patients with early-onset AD (EAD), 31 with late-onset AD (LAD), 16 with frontal-lobe dementia (FLD), 25 with vascular dementia (VAD) and 25 controls. CSF-apoE was decreased in all of EAD (1.8 +/- 1.1 mg/l; p < 0.0005), LAD (2.5 +/- 0.9 mg/l; p < 0.0005), VAD (2.3 +/- 1.4 mg/l; P < 0.0005) and FLD (3.0 +/- 1.3 mg/l; p < 0.05) compared to the control group (5.7 +/- 4.0 mg/l). Since apoE4 has been found to bind to beta/A4-amyloid, and AD patients homozygous for apoE4 to have higher number of senile plaques than apoE3 homozygotes, we also examined the relation between CSF-apoE and apoE alleles. However, CSF-apoE did not significantly differ between patients with different apoE isoforms. Our findings support that apoE is involved in the pathogenesis of dementia disorders, both degenerative and vascular, but the CSF-apoE level is not influenced by the apoE isoforms. CSF-apoE may be used as an unspecific marker for neurodegenerative disorders, but not in purpose of differential diagnostics between different dementia disorders.
On interference suppression in DS-CDMA systems (2003)

The paper presents considerations on DS-CDMA interference suppression in the presence of bursty TDMA interference when second and third generation cellular systems are present in the same area. We assume that the bursty interference power is well above the DS-CDMA transmission power. The studied areas cover: interference rejection combining; an enhanced version of interference rejection combining; soft weighting principle in combining; automatic gain control considerations. The methods are shown to be good enough for practical purposes.
Light-triggered carbon monoxide delivery with Al-MCM-41-based nanoparticles bearing a designed manganese carbonyl complex (2014)

A photoactive manganese carbonyl complex namely, fac-[Mn(pqa)(CO)<sub>3</sub>]ClO<sub>4</sub> (abbreviated as {Mn-CO}, pqa = (2-pyridylmethyl)(2-quinolylmethyl)amine) has been incorporated in the pores of 60 nm mesoporous Al-MCM-41 nanoparticles. Strong electrostatic interactions with the negatively charged walls of the aluminosilicate host entrap the cationic carbonyl complex in the resulting material {Mn-CO}@Al-MCM-41 which has been characterized by various physical techniques and chemical analysis. The sample morphology and microstructure of the material have been established by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data and the SEM-EDX elemental maps of Si, O, Al and Mn confirm that the carbonyl complex is within the pores of the nanoparticles. The 2% manganese content of {Mn-CO}@Al-MCM-41, determined by acid digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), indicates efficient loading of the carbonyl complex in the nanoparticles. In biological buffer solutions, less than 2% leaching of {Mn-CO} from the nanoparticles was noted within a period of 24 h. When exposed to a broadband visible light source (λ > 350 nm), {Mn-CO}@Al-MCM-41 rapidly releases CO, as confirmed by the reduced myoglobin assay. The utility of light-induced CO delivery by {Mn-CO}@Al-MCM-41 has been established by its capacity to relax rat aorta muscle rings in tissue bath experiments.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Suppress the Vascular Renin - Angiotensin System of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1991)

The effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on the release of angiotensin II (Ang II) from isolated mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were examined. Delapril, enalapril, and captopril suppressed Ang II release in a dose-dependent manner. After oral treatment with delapril (10 mg/kg/day), enalapril (10 mg/kg/day), and captopril (50 mg/kg/day) for 1 week, the blood pressure of SHRs was significantly reduced in the three groups and 54%, 46%, and 36% decreases in basal Ang II release were observed, respectively, compared with control. However, low-dose captopril (10 mg/kg/day) had no effect on blood pressure or basal Ang II release. These results provide clear evidence that ACE inhibitors suppress vascular renin-angiotensin activity of SHRs, and the possible contribution of the tissue renin-angiotensin system to spontaneous hypertension is suggested.
Abstract 4103: Sulforaphane downregulates the expression of pAkt and enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells (2011)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF gene superfamily that induces apoptosis upon engagement of cognate death receptors. While TRAIL is relatively non-toxic to normal cells, it can selectively induce apoptosis in many types of transformed cells. Nevertheless, some bladder cancer cells are particularly resistant to the effects of TRAIL. Here, we report that in combination with the sulforaphane, exposure to TRAIL induced apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant bladder cancer cells. The increased apoptosis by combined treatment with sulforaphane and TRAIL was associated with the marked increased activation of caspases and cleavage of Bid proteins. However, siRNA-mediated silencing of Bid reduced the sensitizing effect of sulforaphane in TRAIL-induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), as did caspase inhibitors, but increased cell survival. The data also indicated that following exposure to sulforaphane, DR5 proteins were up-regulated and knockdown of DR5 expression by siRNA attenuated sulforaphane plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In addition, following exposure to sulforaphane, the levels of pAkt proteins were significantly down-regulated without the alteration of whole Bid expression, and inhibition of pAkt by LY294002 increased sulforaphane plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In summary, our results indicate that treatment with a combination of TRAIL and sulforaphane may be a safe strategy for treatment of TRAIL-resistant bladder cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4103. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4103
Paired quantitative and qualitative assessment of the replication-competent HIV-1 reservoir and comparison with integrated proviral DNA (2016)

HIV-1-infected individuals harbor a latent reservoir of infected CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells that is not eradicated by antiretroviral therapy (ART). This reservoir presents the greatest barrier to an HIV-1 cure and has remained difficult to characterize, in part, because the vast majority of integrated sequences are defective and incapable of reactivation. To characterize the replication-competent reservoir, we have combined two techniques, quantitative viral outgrowth and qualitative sequence analysis of clonal outgrowth viruses. Leukapheresis samples from four fully ART-suppressed, chronically infected individuals were assayed at two time points separated by a 4- to 6-mo interval. Overall, 54% of the viruses emerging from the latent reservoir showed gp160 env sequences that were identical to at least one other virus. Moreover, 43% of the env sequences from viruses emerging from the reservoir were part of identical groups at the two time points. Groups of identical expanded sequences made up 54% of proviral DNA, and, as might be expected, the sequences of replication-competent viruses in the active reservoir showed limited overlap with integrated proviral DNA, most of which is known to represent defective viruses. Finally, there was an inverse correlation between proviral DNA clone size and the probability of reactivation, suggesting that replication-competent viruses are less likely to be found among highly expanded provirus-containing cell clones.
Critique of arrhythmia detectors based on heuristic rules. (1997)

Every arrhythmia detector employs a beat classifier to discriminate between normal (N) and ventricular (V) beats. In most of these beat-classification algorithms, a set of rules is employed to distinguish between N and V beats using a common set of features extracted from the real-time ECG signal and/or correlation of QRS complexes with the dominant QRS template. A common set of these features includes: beat area, beat width, beat amplitude, beat polarity, and R-to-R interval. Heuristic methods are commonly used to adapt the rules to particular databases. These classifiers are rule-based classifiers that employ AND-OR binary structures and hand-tuned thresholds for making decisions in the feature space. The complexity of the feature space increases as the number of features increases. For k features, a k-dimensional space is required. Thus, the separation between N and V space distributions becomes more difficult, especially since these distributions overlap. When AND-OR binary structures with hand-tuned thresholds or linear-separation techniques are used to separate N and V distributions in a k-dimensional feature space, errors are guaranteed, because these distributions are not linearly separable. As a results, these algorithms have limited dynamic ranges. This means that the sensitivity for a certain class of beats (N or V) will grow only at the expense of positive predictivity for that class, and vice versa.
Induction of Probabilistic Synchronous Tree-Insertion Grammars for Machine Translation (2006)

Increasingly, researchers developing statistical machine translation systems have moved to incorporate syntactic structure in the models that they induce. These researchers are motivated by the intuition that the limitations in the finite-state translation models exemplified by IBM’s “Model 5 ” follow from the inability to use phrasal and hierarchical information in the interlingual mapping. What is desired is a formalism that has the substitution-based hierarchical structure provided by context-free grammars, with the lexical relationship potential of n-gram models, with processing efficiency no worse than CFGs. Further, it should ideally allow for discontinuity in phrases, and be synchronizable, to allow for multilinguality. Finally, in order to support automated induction, it should allow for a probabilistic variant. We introduce probabilistic synchronous tree-insertion grammars (PSTIG) as such a formalism. In this paper, we define a restricted version of PSTIG, and provide algorithms for parsing, parameter estimation, and translation. As a proof of concept, we successfully apply these algorithms to a toy problem, corpus-based induction of a statistical translator of arithmetic expressions from postfix to partially parenthesized infix. 1.
Stochastic Model of Metastases Formation (1976)

A mathematical model is developed to describe the dynamics of the hematogenous metastatic process to the lung from a solid tumor growing in a peripheral body site. The accumulation of tumor cell clumps of various sizes in the pulmonary circulation and the formation of metastatic foci are described by a non-homogeneous, two-dimensional Markov process. An analytical solution is found for the special case of metastases produced by the intravenous injection of tumor cell clumps. The system is decoupled experimentally to determine the time-varying entrance rate of tumor cell clumps into the circulation from a growing fibrosarcoma and the number of metastatic foci produced by the intravenous injection of tumor clumps. Model validation is based on comparisons of model simulations with data for the development of metastatic foci and the probability of cure following tumor excision. The model is used to simulate hypothetical therapy to prevent tumor metastases.
Local thermal equilibrium of strange hadrons at CBM energies. (2017)

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR/ GSI laboratory is being designed to perform heavy-ion collisions in fixed target mode at beam energies 5-45 GeV per nucleon. One of the major goal of the experiment is to explore the properties of matter at high baryon density and moderate temperature. Thus an important question arises whether the dense hadronic matter created in such collisions will achieve a local thermal equilibrium, in particular the strange hadrons. We have investigated the conditions of local thermal equilibrium of strange, non-strange baryons and strange mesons in a small element of volume in the rapidity window |y| < 1.0 for Au+Au collisions at laboratory energy 10, 20, 30, 40 GeV per nucleon. The microscopic transport model UrQMD-3.3p2 has been used for this purpose. We have studied the time evolution of density, longitudinal-to-transverse pressure anisotropy and inverse slope parameter of the energy spectra of non-strange baryons, strange baryons and mesons inside the cell. The strangeness content is dominated by baryons at all energies, however contribution from mesons become significant at higher energies. The pressure isotropization time of non-strange and strange baryons are found nearly similar and decreases with increase in beam energy. We found that the baryons (strange and non-strange) and strange mesons attain thermal equilibrium for time > 9 fm/c at 10A GeV and for time > 6 fm/c at 40A GeV laboratory energy.
A dispersion strategy: dendritic carbon nanotube network dispersion for advanced composites (2012)

We propose a strategy utilizing carbon nanotube (CNT) agglomerates in solution, typically undesired precipitates from dispersions of isolated CNTs, for fabricating advanced composites. Importantly, long, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were necessary to make highly concentrated (above 3.0 wt%) and very stable CNT suspensions. SWNTs in the agglomerates formed a dendritic network similar to venation and vein patterns observed in nature. Through this strategy, we demonstrated a 10-fold increase in electrical conductivity of a rubber-composite. Our results showed that the two CNT dispersion strategies, i.e., isolated CNTs, and dendritic CNT agglomerates are complementary, and each demonstrated distinct advantages and disadvantages, and their application is intended toward different uses; our results show the individual values of each approach.
Incidence, Outcomes, and Long-term Immune Response to Tuberculosis in Organ Transplant Recipients (2018)

TB has high incidence in SOTR even in low-prevalence regions but especially targets patients who originated from TB-endemic countries. Long-term TB-specific T-cell responses were found in the majority of patients.
Low Complexity Moore-Penrose Inversion for Large CoMP Areas with Sparse Massive MIMO Channel Matrices (2016)

Joint transmission coordinated multipoint (JT CoMP) has been identified as a potential differentiator for future 5G radio systems due to its superior interference mitigation capabilities.Further, the combination with massive multiple-inputmultiple-output (mMIMO) when a set of fixed grid of beams is used at eNodeB results in sparse overall channel matrices with a relatively low number of relevant channel components, which reduces the feedback overhead for reporting of channel state information (CSI).Although JT CoMP faces several challenges from synchronization to CSI outdating, in this paper the focus will be on complexity reduction of the precoding over large clustered cells utilizing massive MIMO.It will be derived how the typical sparse number of relevant channel components per user equipment can be exploited to reduce the number of floating point operations (FLOPs) by a factor of ten compared to state-ofthe-art solutions for the calculation of the Moore Penrose pseudo inverse of the channel matrix.
Choosing where to look next in a mutation sequence space: Active Learning of informative p53 cancer rescue mutants (2007)

Many biomedical projects would benefit from reducing the time and expense of in vitro experimentation by using computer models for in silico predictions. These models may help determine which expensive biological data are most useful to acquire next. Active Learning techniques for choosing the most informative data enable biologists and computer scientists to optimize experimental data choices for rapid discovery of biological function. To explore design choices that affect this desirable behavior, five novel and five existing Active Learning techniques, together with three control methods, were tested on 57 previously unknown p53 cancer rescue mutants for their ability to build classifiers that predict protein function. The best of these techniques, Maximum Curiosity, improved the baseline accuracy of 56-77%. This article shows that Active Learning is a useful tool for biomedical research, and provides a case study of interest to others facing similar discovery challenges.
The Beautiful Differences (2014)

A philosopher, poet, artist, medical practitioner and psychoanalyst, Christian David became a full member of the Paris Psychoanalytical Society in 1965. Co-editor of the Revue Francaise de Psychanalyse and of the 'Fil Rouge' series (PUF), he was one of the founders in 1972 of the Paris Psychosomatic Institute. His innovative work has dealt with being in love, representation of affects, psychic bisexuality, emotional perversion and mourning the loss of one's self. With an emphasis on interlacing soul and body before language becomes possible, he has presented his ideas in many different ways: writings, university lectures, contributions to several books, articles, poetry and exhibitions of his paintings. It should also be noted that the connection is made here in favour of the extreme resemblance and equal beauty of the two protagonists, who resemble twins. It simultaneously provides, under the cover of usurped external fulfillments, authentic affective and sexual accomplishments.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Increased VEGFR-2 Gene Copy Is Associated with Chemoresistance and Shorter Survival in Patients with Non–Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Who Receive Adjuvant Chemotherapy (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Increased VEGFR-2 Gene Copy Is Associated with Chemoresistance and Shorter Survival in Patients with Non–Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Who Receive Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Massive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Following Carotid Endarterectomy (1987)

To our knowledge, a particularly lethal complication of carotid endarterectomy, intracerebral hemorrhage, has not been given due consideration in the literature concerning carotid surgery. In the Atlanta area, massive intracranial hemorrhage developed in ten patients following routine carotid endarterectomies performed during a recent ten-year period. All ten of the patients in this series died despite a variety of therapeutic interventions. Risk factors may include the following: extreme arterial stenosis with resultant postoperative hyperperfusion, involvement of multiple extracranial cerebral vessels, postoperative systemic hypertension, and administration of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications. Unfortunately, identification of the subset of patients potentially at risk for this complication is difficult, and, to date, therapy has been generally ineffective.
An efficient synthesis of NaA zeolite membranes from direct crystallization of gel-dipped macroporous alumina tubes with seeds (2018)

An efficient and sustainable synthesis of NaA zeolite membranes from direct crystallization of gel-dipped macroporous alumina tubes with seeds.