gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of the growth of biaxially textured CeO2 films during ion-beam-assisted deposition (2005)

Biaxially textured CeO2 films were deposited on Hastelloy C276 substrates at room temperature using ion-beam-assisted e-beam evaporation with the ion beam directed at 55° to the normal of the film plane. The crystalline structure and in-plane orientation of films were investigated by x-ray diffraction 2θ-scan and -scan. The orientation of the films was studied as a function of ion-to-atom ratio and film thickness. The ion-to-atom ratio was varied by independently adjusting the deposition rate and the ion current density. Under optimum condition, (200) textured CeO2 films have been successfully grown on Hastelloy C276.
MicroRNA Array Analysis Finds Elevated Serum miR-1290 Accurately Distinguishes Patients with Low-Stage Pancreatic Cancer from Healthy and Disease Controls (2013)

The detection of elevated circulating miR-1290 has the potential to improve the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
Predict Land Covers with Transition Modeling and Incremental Learning (2017)

Successful land cover prediction can provide promising insights in the applications where manual labeling is extremely difficult. However, traditional machine learning models are plagued by temporal variation and noisy features when directly applied to land cover prediction. Moreover, these models cannot take fully advantage of the spatio-temporal relationship involved in land cover transitions. In this paper, we propose a novel spatio-temporal framework to discover the transitions among land covers and at the same time conduct classification at each time step. Based on the proposed model, we incrementally update the model parameters in the prediction process, thus to mitigate the impact of the temporal variation. Our experiments in two challenging land cover applications demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over multiple baselines. In addition, we show the efficacy of spatio-temporal transition modeling and incremental learning through extensive analysis.
Swine H1N1 Influenza Virus Variants with Enhanced Polymerase Activity and HA Stability Promote Airborne Transmission in Ferrets (2022)

Understanding how animal influenza A viruses (IAVs) acquire airborne transmissibility in humans and ferrets is needed to prepare for and respond to pandemics. Here, we investigated in ferrets the replication and transmission of swine H1N1 isolates P4 and G15, whose majority population had decreased polymerase activity and poor hemagglutinin (HA) stability, respectively. For both isolates, a minor variant was selected and transmitted in ferrets. Polymerase-enhancing variant PA-S321 airborne-transmitted and propagated in one ferret. HA-stabilizing variant HA1-S210 was selected in all G15-inoculated ferrets and was transmitted by contact and airborne routes. With an efficient polymerase and a stable HA, the purified minor variant G15-HA1-S210 had earlier and higher peak titers in inoculated ferrets and was recovered at a higher frequency after airborne transmission than P4 and G15. Overall, HA stabilization played a more prominent role than polymerase enhancement in the replication and transmission of these viruses in ferrets. The results suggest pandemic risk-assessment studies may benefit from deep sequencing to identify minor variants with human-adapted traits. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Diverse IAVs circulate in animals, yet few acquire the viral traits needed to start a human pandemic. A stabilized HA and mammalian-adapted polymerase have been shown to promote the adaptation of IAVs to humans and ferrets (the gold-standard model for IAV replication, pathogenicity, and transmissibility). Here, we used swine IAV isolates of the gamma lineage as a model to investigate the importance of HA stability and polymerase activity in promoting replication and transmission in ferrets. These are emerging viruses that bind to both α-2,6- and α-2,3-linked receptors. Using isolates containing mixed populations, a stabilized HA was selected within days in inoculated ferrets. An enhanced polymerase was also selected and propagated after airborne transmission to a ferret. Thus, HA stabilization was a stricter requirement, yet both traits promoted transmissibility. Knowing the viral traits needed for pandemic potential, and the relative importance of each, will help identify emerging viruses of greatest concern.
Ten-year clinical and radiographic results of 1000 cementless Oxford unicompartmental knee replacements (2019)

III.
2D and 3D sampling schemes for fast multilevel field back-propagation algorithm (2014)

Fast source imaging method based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld (RS) back-propagation accelerated by multilevel nonuniform grid algorithm (MLNG) is developed. 2D sampling schemes in spherical and oblate-spheroidal coordinates are compared to the full 3D spherical scheme in terms of efficiency and accuracy. The method is evaluated on the example of a parabolic reflector with a number of surface distortions. A good agreement between the results of 2D and 3D schemes is achieved. Accuracy of the proposed algorithms is studied by comparing the reconstructed source fields to those obtained via the direct RS integration.
A rapid and sensitive biosensor for measuring plasmin activity in milk (2019)

Plasmin play an important role in milk spoilage and can cause quality issues in ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk and other dairy products. Current methods for measuring plasmin activity in milk have low sensitivity and are too slow to be used in routine testing. We report a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based biosensor that can measure naturally occurring low levels of plasmin activity in milk within a few minutes. The biosensor incorporates a plasmin-specific peptide target sequence flanked by the resonance energy BRET transduction elements: green fluorescent protein (GFP2) at the N-terminus and a variant Renilla luciferase (RLuc2) at the C-terminus. Complete cleavage of the peptide linker sequence by human plasmin led to an approximately 87% decrease in the starting BRET ratio. Using a 10 min incubation time, the detection limit for human plasmin was 0.25 nM and 0.86 nM for bovine plasmin in 50% (v/v) full fat milk with EC50's of 5.89 ± 0.12 nM and 5.97 ± 0.59 nM, respectively. These detection limits are below the naturally occurring levels of plasmin reported to occur in raw or processed cow's milk. The plasmin biosensor therefore has the potential to measure naturally occurring plasmin levels directly in raw and UHT-processed milk samples. The protease biosensor described herein is selective and sensitive and retains its function in the complex colloidal matrix of milk. It therefore meets many of the requirements for routine use in production settings. We propose its use for managing plasmin-related quality issues in UHT milk and other dairy products.
The recombinant lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin inhibits angiogenesis through interaction with Lewis Y antigen (2011)

Lewis Y Ag (LeY) is a cell-surface tetrasaccharide that participates in angiogenesis. Recently, we demonstrated that LeY is a specific ligand of the recombinant lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin (TM). However, the biologic function of interaction between LeY and TM in endothelial cells has never been investigated. Therefore, the role of LeY in tube formation and the role of the recombinant lectin-like domain of TM-TM domain 1 (rTMD1)-in antiangiogenesis were investigated. The recombinant TM ectodomain exhibited lower angiogenic activity than did the recombinant TM domains 2 and 3. rTMD1 interacted with soluble LeY and membrane-bound LeY and inhibited soluble LeY-mediated chemotaxis of endothelial cells. LeY was highly expressed on membrane ruffles and protrusions during tube formation on Matrigel. Blockade of LeY with rTMD1 or Ab against LeY inhibited endothelial tube formation in vitro. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor in HUVECs was LeY modified. rTMD1 inhibited EGF receptor signaling, chemotaxis, and tube formation in vitro, and EGF-mediated angiogenesis and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. We concluded that LeY is involved in vascular endothelial tube formation and rTMD1 inhibits angiogenesis via interaction with LeY. Administration of rTMD1 or recombinant adeno-associated virus vector carrying TMD1 could be a promising antiangiogenesis strategy.
Infrared photodissociation of van der Waals molecules containing ethylene (1981)

Vibrational predissociation line shapes in the ν7 region of the ethylene spectrum are measured for van der Waals molecules of ethylene bound to Ne, Ar, Kr, C2H4, C2F4, and larger ethylene clusters. The predissociative rate is very fast for this group of molecules. The vibrationally excited state lifetimes are 0.44, 0.59 and 0.89×10−12 sec for (C2H4)2, Ar⋅C2H4, and C2H4⋅C2F4 respectively. That the observed line shapes are homogeneous is demonstrated by the fact that a low-power, narrow frequency bandwidth laser can dissociate a large fraction of the initial ensemble of ethylene clusters. The observed transition probability is proportional to the number of ethylene subunits for clusters containing three or fewer ethylene subunits. These observations are interpreted in terms of intramolecular energy flow directly from ethylene ν7 to the weak van der Waals modes of motion.
The Effects of Lubricant Ingredients on New Hydraulic Oil Cleanliness (2009)

Abstract Although most of the emphasis on hydraulic fluid cleanliness is routinely placed on in-service fluids, more and more attention is being given to new hydraulic oil cleanliness. Nobody would argue that it is important for users to install clean hydraulic fluid in any system, but some have found that some fluids do not seem to clean no matter how much time is spent on preinstallation filtration. Is it possible that certain lubricant ingredients give false positive readings in certain generally accepted particle counting test methods? Some have already proven that the answer is yes. This paper will attempt to evaluate various specific chemical ingredients used to formulate hydraulic fluids, including base stocks and additive components, to determine in further detail which components “trick” particle count tests.
Faraday Rotation Retrieval Using SMOS Radiometric Data (2014)

Faraday rotation is dynamically computed from L-band radiometric data acquired by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite. Improved full polarimetric image reconstruction and smart spatiotemporal filtering are used to obtain good estimations of Faraday rotation, which compare very well with the values theoretically predicted from available ionosphere and geomagnetic field data.
Experimental &#x2018;jet lag&#x2019; causes sympathoexcitation via oxidative stress through AT<inf>1</inf> receptor in the brainstem (2011)

Circadian disruptions through frequent transmeridian travel, rotating shift work, and poor sleep hygiene are associated with an array of physical and mental health maladies, including the abnormal autonomic nervous system. We have demonstrated that the oxidative stress through AT(1) receptor in the brain activates sympathetic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to determine whether experimental 'jet lag' causes sympathoexcitation via oxidative stress through AT(1) receptor in the cardiovascular center of the brainstem (rostral ventrolateral medulla; RVLM) or not. Experimental 'jet lag' was made to normotensive (Wister-Kyoto rat; WKY rat) and hypertensive rats (stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats; SHRSP) by the exposure to a 12 hour phase advance for 5 days. In WKY, 'jet lag' increases blood pressure and the activity of sympathetic nervous system via oxidative stress through angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the RVLM for 2 days only, and the changes are improved at 3 day after the initiation of 'jet lag'. In SHRSP, 'jet lag' also increases blood pressure and the activity of sympathetic nervous system via oxidative stress through angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the RVLM, and the changes are greater compared to those in WKY, and are maintained for the period of 'jet lag'. These results suggest that experimental 'jet lag' causes sympathoexcitation via oxidative stress through AT(1) receptor in the brain, especially in hypertension.
Modeling and Simulation of Cu Diffusion in Porous Low-k Dielectrics (2017)

A modeling and simulation study of metal atom diffusion in porous dielectrics is presented using elementary jump frequencies for a random walk in 2D and 3D. The simulation is calibrated with experimental data from Cu/porous SiCOH/W structures. The effective Cu diffusivity is shown to depend not only on the level of porosity but also on the pore morphology. Other important factors: i) surface diffusion on the inner pore surfaces vs diffusivity in the bulk matrix material, ii) the rate of Cu dissolution into the dielectric vs the rate of transport by diffusion, and iii) the degree of the contact area of the Cu electrode with the porous dielectric surface, are also taken into account. The large multitude of porosity effects on diffusivity can be consistently and intelligibly explained in terms of "channeling" and "trapping" effects based on perturbation of local vertical and lateral concentration gradients imparted by the pore morphology.
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol as a solvent to control nucleophilic peptide arylation (2017)

The S<sub>N</sub>Ar arylation of peptides with perfluoroaromatics provides a route by which to install a useful chemical handle that enables both <sup>19</sup>F-NMR analysis and further chemical modification. However, chemo-selective arylation in peptides containing multiple nucleophilic side chains currently presents a challenge to the field. Herein, we demonstrate that employing 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) as a solvent in peptide S<sub>N</sub>Ar reactions significantly improves nucleophile-selectivity when compared to N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF).
Patterning Strategy for Monoelectronic Device Platform in a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Technology (2011)

We report a patterning strategy for building the first monoelectronic device complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible platform, including a single-electron transistor (SET) and multiple coupled quantum dots. Aggressive hybrid lithography (e-beam and deep UV are combined) and plasma etching are used to form adapted silicon active areas and gates, with a minimum size of 14 nm and a pitch of 80 nm after etching. These aggressive dimensions enable the study of double dots, a key structure for the more complex quantum circuits emerging now.
A non-intrusive three-way catalyst diagnostics monitor based on support vector machines (2014)

The three-way catalytic converter performance degrades as it ages over time due to many phenomenon such as catalyst poisoning, sintering or physical damage of the instrument. To reduce the emission impact on environment, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations requires the on-board diagnostics (OBD) method to set a flag (fault code) once the catalyst reaches its threshold. In this work, we propose a support vector machine based non-intrusive classification method to diagnose the catalyst as it ages. To further improve the model robustness and to reduce the size of support vectors, multiple clustering algorithms were evaluated. The model was tested on multiple catalyst systems under various operating conditions and good results were observed.
Three-dimensional imaging of objects embedded in turbid media with fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy (2006)

Full-text article not available.
Impact of spontaneous donor hypothermia on graft outcomes after kidney transplantation (2017)

A previous donor intervention trial found that therapeutic hypothermia reduced delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation. This retrospective cohort study nested in the randomized dopamine trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT000115115) investigates the effects of spontaneous donor hypothermia (core body temperature <36°C) on initial kidney graft function, and evaluates 5-year graft survival. Hypothermia assessed by a singular measurement in the intensive care unit 4-20 hours before procurement was associated with less DGF after kidney transplantation (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34-0.91). The benefit was greater when need for more than a single posttransplant dialysis session was analyzed (OR 0.48, 95%CI 0.28-0.82). Donor dopamine ameliorated dialysis requirement independently from hypothermia in a temporal relationship with exposure (OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.87-0.98, per hour). A lower core body temperature in the donor was associated with lower serum creatinine levels before procurement, which may reflect lower systemic inflammation and attenuated renal injury from brain death. Despite a considerable effect on DGF, our study failed to demonstrate a graft survival advantage (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95%CI 0.54-1.27), whereas dopamine treatment was associated with improved long-term outcome (HR 0.95, 95%CI 0.91-0.99 per hour).
Can the exome and the immunome converge on the design of efficient cancer vaccines? (2012)

Human cancers carry hundreds of non-synonymous mutations, several dozens among which may lead to the generation of tumor-specific MHC Class I-restricted epitopes. Hence every patient's tumor harbors a highly specific mutational and antigenic signature and up to 95% of these mutations are unique. This "mutanome" can be identified by deep sequencing and can be subjected to systematic analyses of the immunogenicity of mutated proteins/peptides. We anticipate that this approach will lead to individualized immunotherapies by means of tailored vaccines.
Antidromic Action Potential Propagation in Branched Axons (2005)

Electrical stimulation in the central nervous system can generate both orthodromic activity, by stimulation of local cells and passing axons, as well as antidromic activity, by stimulation of presynaptic axons and terminals. We used computational models to study antidromic action potential propagation in branched axons. Antidromic propagation occurred robustly, and action potentials traveled both antidromically into the primary segment as well as "orthodromically" into the terminal secondary segment. Thus, antidromic activation of axon terminals can, through axon collaterals, lead to widespread activation or inhibition of targets distant from the site of stimulation
D5dopamine receptor regulation of phospholipase D (2004)

D(1)-like receptors have been reported to decrease oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells by decreasing phospholipase D (PLD) activity. However, the PLD isoform regulated by D(1)-like receptors (D(1) or D(5)) and whether abnormal regulation of PLD by D(1)-like receptors plays a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension are unknown. The hypothesis that the D(5) receptor is the D(1)-like receptor that inhibits PLD activity and serves to regulate blood pressure was tested using D(5) receptor mutant mice (D(5)(-/-)). We found that in the mouse kidney, PLD2, like the D(5) receptor, is mainly expressed in renal brush-border membranes, whereas PLD1 is mainly expressed in renal vessels with faint staining in brush-border membranes and collecting ducts. Total renal PLD activity is increased in D(5)(-/-) mice relative to congenic D(5) wild-type (D(5)(+/+)) mice. PLD2, but not PLD1, expression is greater in D(5)(-/-) than in D(5)(+/+) mice. The D(5) receptor agonist fenoldopam decreases PLD2, but not PLD1, expression and activity in human embryonic kidney-293 cells heterologously expressing the human D(5) receptor, effects that are blocked by the D(5) receptor antagonist SCH-23390. These studies show that the D(5) receptor regulates PLD2 activity and expression. The hypertension in the D(5)(-/-) mice is associated with increased PLD expression and activity. Impaired D(5) receptor regulation of PLD2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Overexpression of Human Superoxide Dismutase Inhibits Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein by Endothelial Cells (1998)

Oxidation of LDL in the subendothelial space has been proposed to play a key role in atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells produce superoxide anions (O2.-) and oxidize LDL in vitro; however, the role of O2.- in endothelial cell-induced LDL oxidation is unclear. Incubation of human LDL (200 microg/mL) with bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) for 18 hours resulted in a 4-fold increase in LDL oxidation compared with cell-free incubation (22.5+/-1.1 versus 6.3+/-0.2 [mean+/-SEM] nmol malondialdehyde/mg LDL protein, respectively; P<0.05). Under similar conditions, incubation of LDL with porcine aortic endothelial cells resulted in a 5-fold increase in LDL oxidation. Inclusion of exogenous copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, 100 microg/mL) in the medium reduced BAEC-induced LDL oxidation by 79%. To determine whether the intracellular SOD content can have a similar protective effect, BAECs were infected with adenoviral vectors containing cDNA for human Cu/ZnSOD (AdCu/ZnSOD) or manganese SOD (AdMnSOD). Adenoviral infection increased the content and activity of either Cu/ZnSOD or MnSOD in the cells and reduced cellular O2.- release by two thirds. When cells infected with AdCu/ZnSOD or AdMnSOD were incubated with LDL, formation of malondialdehyde was decreased by 77% and 32%, respectively. Two other indices of LDL oxidation, formation of conjugated dienes and increased LDL electrophoretic mobility, were similarly reduced by SOD transduction. These data suggest that production of O2.- contributes to endothelial cell-induced oxidation of LDL in vitro. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated transfer of cDNA for human SOD, particularly Cu/ZnSOD, effectively reduces oxidation of LDL by endothelial cells.
Preserving Design Intent in Data Integration Between Virtual Prototyping and CAD Systems (1998)

Abstract State of the art CAD/CAM technology enables the capture of user design intent through the use of assembly constraints, features, parameters, etc. However, due to the large size of the CAD models, engineers are using other virtual prototyping methods for visualization and complete assembly analysis. Constraint and parameter information is lost in the transfer of models from the CAD system to the virtual prototyping systems. In virtual prototyping systems, users typically have tools to modify the location of an assembly component. In order to maintain model validity, procedures need to be developed to transfer these modifications back to the CAD system while maintaining the design intent of the original CAD user. In other words, how do we take information about changes to absolute or relative location and orientation of a component and transform this to updated constraint and parametric information in the original CAD model? In this paper, we address this need to update the constraints and parametric information of a CAD model based on location and orientation changes communicated from a virtual prototyping system. After analyzing and categorizing the assembly constraints in a typical feature-based CAD system, we propose a methodology to decide what information needs to be updated, and a procedure to update the information — all based on the original design intent captured in the constraints. The results of a test case to validate the methodology are also presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW CLASS OF NITROSOUREAS. V. STRUCTURE OF ISOMERIC L‐ARABINOSYLUREAS AND ISOMERIZATION THEREOF (1982)

Abstract Durch Reaktion von L‐Arabinose (I) mit dem Amin (II) und dem Isocyanat (III) werden die isomeren Arabinosylharnstoffe (IVa), (Va) und (VIa) erhalten, aus denen die Derivate (IVb), (Vb), (VIb) und (Vc) hergestellt werden.
Supplementary Figure Legend and Methods from TYK2–STAT1–BCL2 Pathway Dependence in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

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