gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alignment of CS2 in intense nanosecond laser fields probed by pulsed gas electron diffraction (2003)

A pulsed gas electron diffraction apparatus was developed and applied to investigate an alignment process of molecules in intense laser fields. A two-dimensional (2D) electron diffraction pattern of jet-cooled CS2 in intense nanosecond laser fields (1064 nm, ∼0.64 TW/cm2, 10 ns) was measured using short-pulsed 25 keV electron beam packets (∼7 ns) generated by irradiating a tantalum photocathode with the 4th harmonics of pulsed YAG laser light. The observed anisotropic 2D diffraction pattern was analyzed quantitatively by taking into account the spatio-temporal distributions of the laser pulses, the electron beam packets, and the molecular beam through a numerical simulation of the observed diffraction pattern. The anisotropy of the spatial distribution of molecular axes of CS2 in the laser polarization direction is accounted for by the effect of the intense laser fields. Considering the spatio-temporal averaging effect, the temporal pulse width of an electron packet required for real-time probing of the alignment process of molecules in intense nanosecond laser fields is discussed. A numerical simulation of temporal and spatial profiles of an electron packet is also performed to examine conditions for generating sub-picosecond ultrashort electron pulse for real-time probing of ultrafast molecular dynamics by the pulsed gas electron diffraction method.
Thieno[2,3‐c]quinolines — Synthesis and Biological Investigation. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The effects of multi-echo fMRI combination and rapid T 2 * -mapping on offline and real-time BOLD sensitivity (2020)

Abstract A variety of strategies are used to combine multi-echo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, yet recent literature lacks a systematic comparison of the available options. Here we compare six different approaches derived from multi-echo data and evaluate their influences on BOLD sensitivity for offline and in particular real-time use cases: a single-echo time series (based on Echo 2), the real-time T 2 * -mapped time series ( T 2 *FIT ) and four combined time series ( T 2 * -weighted, tSNR-weighted, TE-weighted, and a new combination scheme termed T 2 *FIT -weighted). We compare the influences of these six multi-echo derived time series on BOLD sensitivity using a healthy participant dataset (N=28) with four task-based fMRI runs and two resting state runs. We show that the T 2 *FIT -weighted combination yields the largest increase in temporal signal-to-noise ratio across task and resting state runs. We demonstrate additionally for all tasks that the T 2 *FIT time series consistently yields the largest offline effect size measures and real-time region-of-interest based functional contrasts. These improvements show the possible utility of multi-echo fMRI for studies employing real-time paradigms, while caution is still advised due to decreased tSNR of the T 2 *FIT time series. We recommend the use and continued exploration of T 2 *FIT for offline task-based and real-time fMRI analysis. Supporting information includes: a data repository ( https://dataverse.nl/dataverse/rt-me-fmri ), an interactive web-based application to explore the data ( https://rt-me-fmri.herokuapp.com/ ), and further materials and code for reproducibility ( https://github.com/jsheunis/rt-me-fMRI ).
Hydrogen Bond Catalyzed Direct Reductive Amination of Ketones (2006)

[reaction: see text] A novel, biomimetic concept for the direct reductive amination of ketones is described that relies on selective imine activation by hydrogen bond formation. The mild, acid- and metal-free process requires only catalytic amounts of thiourea as hydrogen bond donor and utilizes the Hantzsch ester for transfer hydrogenation. The method allows the efficient synthesis of structurally diverse amines.
Excited-State Distortions Determined from Structured Luminescence of Nitridorhenium(V) Complexes (2002)

The nitridorhenium(V) complexes ReNCl(2)(PCy3)(2) (1), ReNBr(2)(PCy3)(2) (2), ReNCl(2)(PPh3)(2) (3), and ReNBr(2)(PPh3)(2) (4) produce structured emission spectra upon excitation at low temperature. The origin, E(00), occurs at 15 775, 16 375, 15 875, and 16 300 cm(-1), respectively. The vibronic peaks are regularly spaced with an average energy separation corresponding to the Re triple bond N stretching frequency. The nitridorhenium stretching frequency ranges from 1095 to 1101 cm(-1), as determined by Raman and IR spectroscopy. The excited-state distortions are calculated by fitting the emission spectra. The excited state arises primarily from a d(xy) (ReN nonbonding) to d(yz) (ReN pi antibonding) transition. The rhenium-nitrogen bond length in the excited state is 0.08 A longer than in the ground electronic state, which is consistent with the difference in bond lengths of ReN bonds of bond order 3 and bond order 2.5 as determined from molecular structures.
Crystal Structure of Tris(acetylacetonato)molybdenum(III) (1979)

The crystal structure of the title compound, [MO(C5H7O2)3], has been determined at 295(1) K by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods and refined by least squares to a residual of 0.040 for 2933 'observed' reflections. Crystals are monoclinic, P21/n, a 16.515(4), b 13.052(4), c 8.152(2) Å, ß 90.74(2)º, Z 4. The structure comprises discrete molecules of the above complex, the molecular point symmetry being a good approximation to D3, with (Mo-O) 2.07,Å, (intraligand) (O-M-O) 87.7º. The status of the structure is examined with regard to the polymorphism of the symmetrical tris(acetylacetonato)metal(III) complexes, and examined in regard to the anomalous magnetism reported in the preceding paper.
More Frequent Hemodialysis: What Do We Know? Where Do We Stand? (2011)

The high mortality of hemodialysis patients has served as a strong incentive to increasing knowledge of the possible approaches to optimizing treatment strategies in this patient population. The majority of patients worldwide usually receive hemodialysis thrice-weekly, according to calculations of dialysis adequacy. An abundance of literature and studies, starting as early as the late 1960s, has shown that an increase in dialysis frequency has beneficial impacts on outcomes such as left ventricular hypertrophy, anemia, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and health- related quality of life. Reductions in left ventricular mass and improvements in quality of life (as measured by RAND-36) by frequent hemodialysis were recently confirmed by a large-scale randomized trial. This is the first trial on this topic which was sufficiently powered and compared the findings in patients receiving frequent hemodialysis to an adequate control group. The significant findings of this trial thus confirmed the evidence in the literature which had been accumulating over decades. This manuscript reviews previous studies on more frequent hemodialysis, including published results of the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Daily Trial.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC RATS (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008ARTERIOSCLEROSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC RATS Istvan Kovanecz, Gaby Nolazco, Monica G Ferrini, Sanaz Heydarkhan, Dolores Vernet, Jacob Rajfer, and Nestor F Gonzalez-Cadavid Istvan KovaneczIstvan Kovanecz More articles by this author , Gaby NolazcoGaby Nolazco More articles by this author , Monica G FerriniMonica G Ferrini More articles by this author , Sanaz HeydarkhanSanaz Heydarkhan More articles by this author , Dolores VernetDolores Vernet More articles by this author , Jacob RajferJacob Rajfer More articles by this author , and Nestor F Gonzalez-CadavidNestor F Gonzalez-Cadavid More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60673-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "ARTERIOSCLEROSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC RATS." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), pp. 233–234 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 233-234 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Istvan Kovanecz More articles by this author Gaby Nolazco More articles by this author Monica G Ferrini More articles by this author Sanaz Heydarkhan More articles by this author Dolores Vernet More articles by this author Jacob Rajfer More articles by this author Nestor F Gonzalez-Cadavid More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
An Integrated Computational Approach to the Phenomenon of Potent and Selective Inhibition of Aurora Kinases B and C by a Series of 7-Substituted Indirubins (2007)

A variation of the bromine substitution from 6- to 7-position converts the glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha/beta-(GSK-3-alpha/beta) selective inhibitor 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6BIO) to a potent inhibitor of Aurora B and C kinases. The novel indirubin analogue 7-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (7BIO) demonstrated unexpected selectivity against these two kinases since the homologous kinase Aurora A was poorly inhibited. A hypothesis regarding the 7BIO selectivity profile was stated and validated by docking, molecular dynamics, and free energy perturbation calculations. The residue (Thr217AurA, Glu161AurB, Glu127AurC) located in the active site was identified as a major contributor to the enhanced affinity of 7BIO for Aurora B and C versus Aurora A. Furthermore, the docking events of 7BIO and several of its analogues were approached by quantitative models based on semiempirical scoring functions. In the course of model construction and optimization, a number of important factors influencing the quality of each model like the application of force constraints or the sampling method were determined. Among these factors, the presence and treatment of structurally important water molecules had a pronounced impact on the quality of each model. The final model was validated by use of free energy perturbation calculations.
zExpander (2016)

While key-value (KV) cache, such as memcached, dedicates a large volume of expensive memory to holding performance-critical data, it is important to improve memory efficiency, or to reduce cache miss ratio without adding more memory. As we find that optimizing replacement algorithms is of limited effect for this purpose, a promising approach is to use a compact data organization and data compression to increase effective cache size. However, this approach has the risk of degrading the cache's performance due to additional computation cost. A common perception is that a high-performance KV cache is not compatible with use of data compacting techniques.
Acceptance of the SEG Waldemar Lindgren Award for 2008 (2009)

Mr President, ladies, and gentlemen: Well, I must say that being here tonight is a bit of a surprise; I certainly never expected anything like this. There I was at work one day, just a typical day, when I received another e-mail in an interminable line of e-mails, this one from the SEG. It was the letter from the SEG president notifying me of this award. I was completely shocked when I read it—I had no idea anything like this was in the works. The letter asked me to e-mail a reply to the SEG office, asking me to let them know whom I wanted to have do the citation, and at first I wondered who on Earth could have nominated me. I guessed at a few people, but figured the best bet was my old Ph.D. supervisor, John, so I called him up and asked him, to find out that he’d organized a whole conspiracy of five different people writing letters on my behalf, all in secret. So, as you can imagine, it was a very pleasant surprise, and I’m very appreciative that John, together with Dave Pattison, Ron Frost, Neil Phillips, and Roger Powell, made such an effort on my behalf.

Of course, in getting here, I am indebted to many people. First of all, unlike so many others around the world, I had the great fortune to be born in Australia, a country with wealth and a strong education system. And then, secondly, I had the good fortune to be born to adventurous and encouraging parents. As I was growing up, my parents used to take the family camping along remote tracks in the …
Resveratrol analogue HS-1793 induces the modulation of tumor-derived T cells (2012)

Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for tumor progression suggest the possibility to control cancer growth, not only through chemotherapy-induced cancer cell destruction, but also by stimulating anticancer immunity. However, immune tolerance against tumor antigens disturbs diverse forms of immunotherapy. One of the most potent and well-studied tumor-induced immunosuppressive phenotypes found in the tumor microenvironment is the regulatory subpopulation cells (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells). Among the great number of natural agents derived from plants and potentially useful for application in the complementary therapy of cancer, resveratrol is gaining attention for its immunomodulating properties in breast cancer, since the ineffectiveness of numerous immunotherapy strategies may be related, in part, to their negative effects on Treg cells. The present study was undertaken to examine whether HS-1793, a synthetic resveratrol analogue free from the restriction of the metabolic instability and high dose requirement of resveratrol, shows a direct effect on immune responses by enhancing lymphocyte proliferation or an immunomodulatory effect by inducing changes in the Treg cell population in FM3A breast tumor-bearing mice. Although HS-1793 had no direct immunostimulatory effect, it dose-dependently decreased IL-2 secretion and increased IL-4 secretion of concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes from tumor-bearing mice, which suggest that HS-1793 may induce changes in the subpopulations of tumor-derived T lymphocytes. The CD4+CD25+ cell population from tumor-bearing mice decreased after HS-1793 treatment in a dose-dependent manner, while the CD4+ T cell population remained unchanged. FoxP3+-expressing cells among the CD4+CD25+ population showed a similar pattern. In contrast, the CD8+ T cell population as well as the interferon (IFN)-γ-expressing CD8+ T cell population and IFN-γ secretion of splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice were significantly upregulated by HS-1793 treatment. These results suggest that HS-1793 induces the modulation of tumor-derived T lymphocytes, particulary having a suppressive effect on the Treg cell population, likely contributing to enhanced tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and CD4+ T cells involving antitumor immunity. Therefore, HS-1793 may serve as a promising adjuvant therapeutic reagent in breast cancer immunotherapy.
<title>Cancellation of effects of large phase distortions on images by dynamic holograpy using ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators</title> (1999)

We demonstrate real time severe large and small scale phase distortion correction of arbitrary coherent and incoherent images, using ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators to record the dynamic hologram of the phase distortions.
Isospin Amplitudes in Λb0→J/ψΛ(Σ0) and Ξb0→J/ψΞ0(Λ) Decays (2020)

Ratios of isospin amplitudes in hadron decays are a useful probe of the interplay between weak and strong interactions and allow searches for physics beyond the standard model. We present the first results on isospin amplitudes in $b$-baryon decays, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $8.5\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, collected with the LHCb detector in $pp$ collisions at center of mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The isospin amplitude ratio $|{A}_{1}({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{0})/{A}_{0}({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}})|$, where the subscript on $A$ indicates the final-state isospin, is measured to be less than $1/21.8$ at 95% confidence level. The Cabibbo suppressed ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ decay is observed for the first time, allowing for the measurement $|{A}_{0}({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}})/{A}_{1/2}({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}^{0})|=0.37\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
Probing the density of trap states in the middle of the bandgap using ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (2018)

The number of trap states in the band gap of organic semiconductors directly influences the charge transport as well as the threshold and turn-on voltage. Direct charge transport measurements have been used until now to probe the trap states rather close to the transport level, whereas their number in the middle of the band gap has been elusive. In this study, we use PDIF-CN2, a well known n-type semiconductor, together with vanadium pentoxide electrodes to build ambipolar field-effect transistors. Employing three different methods, we study the density of trap states in the band gap of the semiconductor. These methods give consistent results, and no pool of defect states was found. Additionally, we show first evidence that the number of trap states close to the transport level is correlated with the number of traps in the middle of the band-gap, meaning that a high number of trap states close to the transport level also implies a high number of trap states in the middle of the band gap. This points to a common origin of the trap states over a wide energy range.
Gas-Diffusion Cathodes Integrating Carbon Nanotube Modified-Toray Paper and Bilirubin Oxidase (2014)

This research introduces the design of a gas-diffusional cathode employing bilirubin oxidase (BOx) immobilized on a complex matrix composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) modified Toray paper (TP) and, encapsulated in silica-gel. The developed enzymatic cathode consists of two layers. One is the hydrophobic gas-diffusional layer (GDL) and the other a hydrophilic catalytic layer (CL) which were combined by pressing at 1000 psi for five minutes. The GDL (35% weight teflonized Vulcan carbon powder (XC35)) that is exposed to air has hydrophobic and porous properties that facilitate oxygen diffusion. The CL consists of a thin, high surface area, 3D CNT/silica-gel matrix where the 3D-enzymatic structure is immobilized and preserved. The nanostructured architecture of the CL was designed to improve conductivity and surface area. Such a design was achieved by modifying the TP surface with CNTs. CNTs are grown on TP by chemical vapor deposition which is possible by electrodepositing Ni seeds via pulse chronoamperometry. Entrapment of BOx was achieved by using tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS), a highly volatile compound that results in a polymeric condensation reaction with H2O at room temperature. TMOS polymerization of the cathode surface was performed in a chemical vapor deposition process to form a silica-gel matrix. The gas diffusional cathode was assembled to a capillary driven microfluidic system to be electrochemically characterized. The characterization was performed from electrolyte pH 5 to pH 8 with increments 0.5 in pH. The best performance was observed at pH 5.5 showing a current output of 655.07 ± 146.18 μA.cm−2 and 345.36 ± 30.04 μA.cm−2 at 0 V and 0.3 V, respectively. At a pH of 7.5 the current generated was 287.05 ± 20.37 μA.cm−2 and 205.37 ± 1.57 μA.cm−2 at 0 V and 0.3 V, respectively. The results show the stability of the enzymatic structure, subject to various pH, is maintained within the 3D-CNT silica-gel matrix for pH lower than 8. Future work will focus on storage life and stability over time.
Perkin 1 Abstracts: Natural Product Synthesis (2002)

A. Gunn, S. McAteer, J. E. Milne and M. de Puit, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2002, 11-ix DOI: 10.1039/B204498F
Continuously Tunable Terahertz-wave Parametric Source based on Spectral Drill Cavity (2020)

We propose continuously tunable terahertz-wave parametric source based on spectral drill cavity. When controlling of terahertz wave frequency by wavelength conversion using a nonlinear crystal, we have to control two laser beams. One is a frequency stabilized and intense pumping beam, and the other is a tunable seeding beam. We demonstrated an injection seeded optical parametric generator and amplifier as the pumping beam, a spectral drill cavity based ECDL as the seeding beam. Nonlinear wavelength conversion techniques are very promising for extending applied research into the terahertz region, and we expect that these will open up new research fields.
Omeprazole- and Esomeprazole-associated Hypomagnesaemia: Data Mining of the Public Version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (2012)

The data obtained in this study do not provide sufficient evidence to recommend systematic monitoring of magnesium levels in plasma, but chronic exposure to a PPI can lead to severe hypomagnesaemia.
Integral force control with robustness enhancement (1994)

For robotic tasks involving contact between the robot end effector and the environment, force feedback is frequently used to maintain the required force of interaction. Among the many force control strategies proposed in the literature, integral force feedback has been found to be the most desirable algorithm due to its robustness with respect to the measurement time delay and its removal of steady state force error. However, there has not been any serious investigation of the controller performance under large force disturbances. We have experimentally observed that large force disturbances can cause bouncing instability of a nominally stable force control system. Motivated by this observation, we augment the standard integral force controller with three robustness enhancements: integral error scaling, force set-point scheduling, and integral windup saturation. Extensive experimentation on surfaces with different stiffness has shown the dramatic improvement of the modified controller.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Boost and LLC Resonant–based Three-port DC–DC Converter (2021)

A new three-port LLC resonant converter interfacing an input port, storage port, and load for a photovoltaic (PV) microinverter with high-DC bus applications is proposed. Pulse frequency modulation and pulse width modulation are adopted to regulate the power flows. On the primary side, two switches are implemented to reduce the switch count. On the secondary side, a voltage quadruple rectifier and voltage fifthfolder rectifier are employed in one structure to make the proposed converter operate close to and below the resonant frequency and to boost the voltage with a moderate transformer. The proposed converter can achieve soft-switching for MOSFETs and all rectifier diodes. Moreover, improved efficiency and narrow switching-frequency range are realized. A 300-W laboratory prototype generating 500 V from a wide voltage range of PV and battery is built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis and performance of the proposed converter.