gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
13C Dynamic Nuclear Polarization using SA-BDPA at 6.7 T and 1.1 K: Coexistence of Pure Thermal Mixing and Well-Resolved Solid Effect (2020)

SA-BDPA is a water-soluble, narrow-line width radical previously used for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) signal enhancement in solid-state magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. Here, we report the first study using SA-BDPA under dissolution DNP conditions (6.7 T and 1.15 K). Longitudinal-detected (LOD)-electron spin resonance (ESR) and <sup>13</sup>C DNP measurements were performed on samples containing 8.4 M [<sup>13</sup>C]urea dissolved in 50:50 water:glycerol (v/v) doped with either 60 or 120 mM SA-BDPA. Two distinct DNP mechanisms, both "pure" thermal mixing and a well-resolved solid effect could clearly be identified. The radical's ESR line width (30-40 MHz), broadened predominantly by dipolar coupling, excluded any contribution from the cross effect. Microwave frequency modulation increased the enhancement by DNP at the lower radical concentration but not at the higher radical concentration. These results are compared to data acquired with trityl radical AH111501, highlighting the unusual <sup>13</sup>C DNP properties of SA-BDPA.
Thermal hysteresis in the photoluminescence spectra of semiconductors immersed in liquid helium (1984)

The exciton luminescence spectra of Si and GaAs in boiling liquid helium exhibit discontinuous changes in intensity when excited at particular laser power density. These changes in optical state give rise to pronounced hysteresis in the intensity of the luminescence spectra. The effect is shown to result from very rapid changes in sample temperature as the heat flux generates a film of vapour at the sample surface which insulates it from the liquid helium bath. This is a manifestation of the Leidenfrost effect in liquid helium.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Titanium‐Containing ZSM‐48. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
From Vulnerable Plaque to Vulnerable Patient (2010)

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease results in millions of sudden deaths annually, and coronary artery disease accounts for the majority of this toll. Despite major advances in the treatment of coronary artery disease, a large number of victims of the disease who are apparently healthy die suddenly without prior symptoms. Available screening and diagnostic methods are insufficient to identify the victims before the event occurs. The recognition of the role of the vulnerable plaque has opened new avenues in the field of cardiovascular medicine. This consensus document concludes the following. (1) Rupture-prone plaques are not the only vulnerable plaques. All types of atherosclerotic plaques with high likelihood of thrombotic complications and rapid progression should be considered as vulnerable plaques. We propose a classification for clinical as well as pathological evaluation of vulnerable plaques. (2) Vulnerable plaques are not the only culprit factors for the development of acute coronary syndromes, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Vulnerable blood (prone to thrombosis) and vulnerable myocardium (prone to fatal arrhythmia) play an important role in the outcome. Therefore, the term “vulnerable patient” may be more appropriate and is proposed now for the identification of subjects with a high likelihood of developing cardiac events in the near future. (3) A quantitative method for cumulative risk assessment of vulnerable patients needs to be developed that may include variables based on plaque, blood, and myocardial vulnerability. This chapter reports the consensus document created among experts on vulnerable plaque, vulnerable blood, and vulnerable myocardium, and provides an outline of the overall risk assessment of the vulnerable patient.
Pancreas tumor model in rabbit imaged by perfusion CT scans (2013)

The goal of this work was to develop and validate a pancreas tumor animal model to investigate the relationship between photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectiveness and photosensitizer drug delivery. More specifically, this work lays the foundation for investigating the utility of dynamic contrast enhanced blood perfusion imaging to be used to inform subsequent PDT. A VX2 carcinoma rabbit cell line was grown in the tail of the pancreas of three New Zealand White rabbits and approximately 3-4 weeks after implantation the rabbits were imaged on a CT scanner using a contrast enhanced perfusion protocol, providing parametric maps of blood flow, blood volume, mean transit time, and vascular permeability surface area product.
Contact Selectivity Engineering in a 2 μm Thick Ultrathin c-Si Solar Cell Using Transition-Metal Oxides Achieving an Efficiency of 10.8% (2017)

In this paper, the integration of metal oxides as carrier-selective contacts for ultrathin crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells is demonstrated which results in an ∼13% relative improvement in efficiency. The improvement in efficiency originates from the suppression of the contact recombination current due to the band offset asymmetry of these oxides with Si. First, an ultrathin c-Si solar cell having a total thickness of 2 μm is shown to have >10% efficiency without any light-trapping scheme. This is achieved by the integration of nickel oxide (NiO<sub>x</sub>) as a hole-selective contact interlayer material, which has a low valence band offset and high conduction band offset with Si. Second, we show a champion cell efficiency of 10.8% with the additional integration of titanium oxide (TiO<sub>x</sub>), a well-known material for an electron-selective contact interlayer. Key parameters including V<sub>oc</sub> and J<sub>sc</sub> also show different degrees of enhancement if single (NiO<sub>x</sub> only) or double (both NiO<sub>x</sub> and TiO<sub>x</sub>) carrier-selective contacts are integrated. The fabrication process for TiO<sub>x</sub> and NiO<sub>x</sub> layer integration is scalable and shows good compatibility with the device.
Growth and function of equine endothelial colony forming cells labeled with semiconductor quantum dots (2018)

Equine ECFCs are effectively labeled with QD, and QD concentrations up to 20 nM do not affect cell growth or function. QD label loss is a result of cell division. The use of QD labeling with equine EPCs may be an ideal way to track engraftment of EPCs for in vivo applications.
Lymphokines and cytokines: from clone to clinic. (1994)

Cytokines form a complex network of interaction which is crucial in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune and hemopoietic organs and in controlling the balance between different responses of these two systems. The International Congress held in Osaka (17-21 October 1993) was an opportunity to summarize all the information accumulated in the field of cytokines and to evaluate the impact of new approaches and ideas which have invaded laboratories these last two years (the 7th International Congress was held in San Antonio in 1991). In this paper, we will summarize some striking points that were presented in Osaka.
Thermoformed Containers Based on Starch and Starch/Coffee Waste Biochar Composites (2020)

Biodegradable containers support zero-waste initiatives when alternative end-of-life scenarios are available (e.g., composting, bio digestion). Thermoplastic starch (TPS) has emerged as a readily biodegradable and inexpensive biomaterial that can replace traditional plastics in applications such as food service ware and packaging. This study has two aims. First, demonstrate the thermoformability of starch/polycaprolactone (PCL) as a thermoplastic material with varying starch loadings. Second, incorporate biochar as a sustainable filler that can potentially lower the cost and enhance compostability. Biochar is a stable form of carbon produced by thermochemical conversion of organic biomass, such as food waste, and its incorporation into consumer products could promote a circular economy. Thermoformed samples were successfully made with starch contents from 40 to 60 wt.% without biochar. Increasing the amount of starch increased the viscosity of the material, which in turn affected the compression molding (sheet manufacturing) and thermoforming conditions. PCL content reduced the extent of biodegradation in soil burial experiments and increased the strength and elongation at break of the material. A blend of 50:50 starch:PCL was selected for incorporating biochar. Thermoformed containers were manufactured with 10, 20, and 30 wt.% biochar derived from waste coffee grounds. The addition of biochar decreased the elongation at break but did not significantly affect the modulus of elasticity or tensile strength. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using starch and biochar for the manufacturing of thermoformed containers.
Threading fundamental matrices (2001)

We present a new function that operates on fundamental matrices across a sequence of views. The operation, we call "threading", connects two consecutive fundamental matrices using the trifocal tensor as the connecting thread. The threading operation guarantees that consecutive camera matrices are consistent with a unique 3D model, without ever recovering a 3D model. Applications include recovery of camera ego-motion from a sequence of views, image stabilization across a sequence, and multi-view image based rendering.
Demonstration of organic light-emitting diodes with photonic crystal on glass substrate fabricated by nanoimprint lithography (2005)

In this work, a report on the direct formation of a photonic crystal (PC) structure on a glass substrate using the nanoimprint lithography (NIL) technique and the characteristics of the organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) formed on this substrate is presented
Identification of the protein kinases that activate the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino 1 in the innate immune system (2011)

The E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino 1 can be interconverted between inactive and active forms by a reversible phosphorylation mechanism. In vitro, phosphorylation and activation can be catalysed by either the IRAKs [IL (interleukin)-1-receptor-associated kinases] IRAK1 and IRAK4, or the IKK {IκB [inhibitor of NF-κB (nuclear factor κB)] kinase}-related kinases [IKKϵ and TBK1 (TANK {TRAF [TNF (tumour-necrosis-factor)-receptor-associated factor]-associated NF-κB activator}-binding kinase 1)]. In the present study we establish that IRAK1 is the major protein kinase that mediates the IL-1-stimulated activation of Pellino 1 in MEFs (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) or HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells, whereas the IKK-related kinases activate Pellino 1 in TNFα-stimulated MEFs. The IKK-related kinases are also the major protein kinases that activate Pellino 1 in response to TLR (Toll-like receptor) ligands that signal via the adaptors MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88) and/or TRIF [TIR (Toll/IL-1 receptor) domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon β]. The present studies demonstrate that, surprisingly, the ligands that signal via MyD88 do not always employ the same protein kinase to activate Pellino 1. Our results also establish that neither the catalytic activity of IRAK1 nor the activation of Pellino 1 is required for the initial transient activation of NF-κB and MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) that is triggered by IL-1 or TNFα in MEFs, or by TLR ligands in macrophages. The activation of Pellino 1 provides the first direct readout for IRAK1 catalytic activity in cells.
Anatomic and Biomechanical Study of the Lateral Collateral and Popliteofibular Ligaments (2001)

The position of the fibula around the proximal tibia varies in different people; it was therefore hypothesized that this variation would affect the orientation of the lateral collateral ligament and the popliteofibular ligament complex. This hypothesis was studied in 10 cadaveric knees by measuring the orientation and length changes in these structures as the knee was flexed. The data were correlated with tibiofibular joint position. The strength of the ligaments was also tested. There were significant correlations between fibular head position and ligament orientation with the knee extended. The lateral collateral ligament slackened significantly with knee flexion, whereas the popliteofibular ligament complex did not. The structures became significantly steeper in the sagittal plane as the knee was flexed. The lateral collateral ligament passed through vertical at 70 degrees of knee flexion and was thus poorly oriented to withstand tibial external rotation. The lateral collateral and popliteofibular ligaments had tensile strengths of 309 and 186 N, respectively. The popliteofibular ligament is dominant when the knee is flexed, because of the slackening of the lateral collateral ligament, and so it should always be reconstructed. The anatomic variation causes some knees to have better ligament orientations to withstand posterolateral tibial displacements and, conversely, other knees may be inherently more difficult to stabilize by reconstruction.
The Pure Antiandrogen RU 23908 (Anandron), a Candidate of Choice for the Combined Antihormonal Treatment of Prostatic Cancer: A Review (1984)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Nov 1984The Pure Antiandrogen RU 23908 (Anandron), a Candidate of Choice for the Combined Antihormonal Treatment of Prostatic Cancer: A Review J.P. Raynaud, C. Bonne, M. Moguilewsky, F.A. Lefebvre, A. Bélanger, and F. Labrie J.P. RaynaudJ.P. Raynaud More articles by this author , C. BonneC. Bonne More articles by this author , M. MoguilewskyM. Moguilewsky More articles by this author , F.A. LefebvreF.A. Lefebvre More articles by this author , A. BélangerA. Bélanger More articles by this author , and F. LabrieF. Labrie More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)50020-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Pure Antiandrogen RU 23908 (Anandron), a Candidate of Choice for the Combined Antihormonal Treatment of Prostatic Cancer: A Review." The Journal of Urology, 132(5), p. 1065 © 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 132Issue 5November 1984Page: 1065 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J.P. Raynaud More articles by this author C. Bonne More articles by this author M. Moguilewsky More articles by this author F.A. Lefebvre More articles by this author A. Bélanger More articles by this author F. Labrie More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis induced by evodiamine in human leukemic U937 cells (2006)

Evodiamine is one of the major bioactive compounds that have been isolated and purified from the fruit of Evodiae fructus. Evodiamine exhibits antitumor activities against the human tumor cells, including multidrug-resistant tumor cells. However, the molecular mechanism involved in cell death induced by evodiamine treatment remains poorly understood. In the present study, we showed that evodiamine activated the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. This apoptosis was only partially inhibited by a pancaspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone, which suggested that evodiamine-induced apoptosis in leukemic U937 cells is partially caspase independent. We observed the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in evodiamine-induced apoptosis of U937 cells, which may be responsible for the caspase-independent apoptotic execution. We next showed that evodiamine induced the substantial amount of apoptosis both in Bcl-2- and Akt-overexpressing U937 cells but not in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Although benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone inhibited caspase activity in Bcl-2-overexpressing U937 cells, it completely prevented neither the induction of apoptosis or the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor, which suggests that evodiamine is, at least in part, able to bypass the resistance of leukemia cells via caspase-independent apoptotic pathways. Thus, therapeutic strategy using evodiamine may warrant further evaluation.
A method of one-step enzyme labelling of short oligonucleotide probes for filter hybridisation (1999)

Here we describe a method of labelling short oligonucleotide probes with enzyme without purification or chemical modifications. Biotinylated oligonucleotides as short as 10 nt are coupled with streptavidin-conjugated enzyme, hybridised and detected with enzyme-triggered chemiluminescence. The detection of hybridisation signal is linear for two orders of magnitude of target dilution. It is shown to be comparable in sensitivity with standard procedures and with radioactive detection. The method is quick, simple and has potential for automation of large-scale oligo-nucleotide hybridisation and multiplex sequencing.
ChemInform Abstract: The Tin Hydride Reductive Decyanation of Geminal Dinitriles. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ZnSe Coatings for Spacecraft Electrochromic Thermal Control Surfaces (2006)

We previously reported development of multilayer infrared-operating electrochromic thermal-control surface devices for spacecraft. One problem preventing use of such devices for spacecraft in low earth orbit (LEO) is the adverse effect of atomic oxygen on the exposed surface layer. In this paper we show that zinc selenide can be used as both an infrared transparent optical coating and an AO protective surface. Zinc selenide films of different thicknesses were exposed to an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) generated oxygen plasma to simulate LEO. To permit realistic device performance simulations, ZnSe optical constants, before and after oxygen plasma exposure, were determined using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry from the vacuum ultraviolet at 146 nm through the middle infrared to 40 μm. Comparing the pre- and post- oxygen plasma exposure data, few changes were observed in the middle infrared region, while drastic changes were seen in the vacuum ultraviolet through visible to near infrared. This suggests that chemical changes upon plasma exposure are found mainly in a thin layer near the surface. As the proposed application is for infrared coating applications, ZnSe will indeed be useful for space infrared applications. Performance simulations of ZnSe coated infrared-operating electrochromic thermal-control surfaces confirm this conclusion.
Comparative Analysis of Probabilistic Models for Activity Recognition\n with an Instrumented Walker (2012)

Rollating walkers are popular mobility aids used by older adults to improve\nbalance control. There is a need to automatically recognize the activities\nperformed by walker users to better understand activity patterns, mobility\nissues and the context in which falls are more likely to happen. We design and\ncompare several techniques to recognize walker related activities. A\ncomprehensive evaluation with control subjects and walker users from a\nretirement community is presented.\n
Supplementary Video S6 from Nonlinear Optics with Near-Infrared Excitation Enable Real-Time Quantitative Diagnosis of Human Cervical Cancers (2023)

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Resolution corrected modulation: the practical realisation of ideal PWM waveforms (1992)

Despite the continued improvement of power-semiconductor switches, microprocessors and PWM algorithms, one extant problem with voltage-sourced PWM inverter drives is the physical, high power, realisation of ‘ideal’, microprocessor-computed, PWM waveforms. Although there are many sources of waveform corruption in this ‘realisation’ process, this paper concentrates on problems arising from the resolution/quantisation limitations imposed by the hardware timer used to translate the ‘ideal’ PWM switching points into a time domain electrical signal. These problems are exacerbated at higher switching frequencies and lower output (fundamental) amplitudes for any given timer accuracy. Resolution corrected modulation (RCM) is a software technique proposed here to compensate for the finite timer resolution limitations of practical timers. It involves applying integral vector feedback to any timing errors between the ‘ideal’ PWM waveform and that physically realisable. The RCM effectively increases the resolution of a given timer by a minimum of 4 to 5 bits, allowing accurate PWM synthesis of waveforms using readily available (microcontroller) timing devices while maintaining a high PWM switching frequency.
Piezoresistive sensing of bistable micro mechanism state (2006)

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of on-chip sensing of bistable mechanism state using the piezoresistive properties of polysilicon, thus eliminating the need for electrical contacts. Changes in position are detected by observing changes in resistance across the mechanism. Sensing the state of bistable mechanisms is critical for various applications, including high-acceleration sensing arrays and alternative forms of nonvolatile memory. A fully compliant bistable micro mechanism was designed, fabricated and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of this sensing technique. Testing results from two fabrication processes, SUMMiT IV and MUMPs, are presented. The SUMMiT mechanism was then integrated into various Wheatstone bridge configurations to investigate their potential advantages and to demonstrate various design layouts. Repeatable and detectable results were found with independent mechanisms and with those integrated into Wheatstone bridges.
Allowable Copper Thickness Related to Pattern Pitch Formation Using Subtractive Method. (2000)

Most of the printed circuit boards are produced by subtractive method. In order to achieve fine lines & spaces (under L/S=50/50μm) by subtractive method, it is essential to reduce thickness of copper. This paper describes an experimentally obtained relation between allowable thickness of copper and pattern pitch on subtractive processing. Empirical formula were introduced to simulate the progress of etching. Simulated result showed good conformance with actual etched pattern. To form fine lines & spaces of under L/S=50/50μm, copper foil of thinner than 5μm is needed.