gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photomechanical basis of laser ablation of biological tissue (1995)

The photomechanical picture of laser ablation of biological tissue asserts that ablation is initiated when the laser-induced tensile stress exceeds the ultimate tensile strength of the target. We have developed a three-dimensional theoretical model of the thermoelastic response of tissue to short-pulsed laser irradiation which allows the time-dependent stress distribution to be calculated given the optical, thermal and mechanical properties of the target. In addition, we have developed a complimentary interferometric technique which can measure the laser- induced thermoelastic expansion of a material with nanometer spatial resolution on a nanosecond time scale. The complex features of this expansion allow the needed optical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the target to be determined, which then allows the stress distribution to be calculated. This work has led to several significant results which support the photomechanical model of ablation of biological tissue. First, unlike the one-dimensional model predicts the development of significant tensile stressed on the surface of the target, precisely where ablation is observed to occur. Experimental results from bone are consistent with mechanical fracture caused by laser-induced stresses. Experimental results from human meniscus, a representative soft tissue, show additional behavior consistent with the growth and collapse of cavitation bubbles within the tissue caused by laser-induced stresses.
Urinalysis in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (2019)

The urinalysis results were significantly different between NMOSD patients and MS patients. The pathophysiological changes in AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD patients were not limited to the central nervous system.
100W collinear optical parametric amplifier pumped by the second harmonic of a picosecond Yb-fiber laser (2022)

Sub-picosecond green-pumped OPG/OPA using non-critical phase matching in LBO was investigated at high average powers, utilizing a novel high-power ultrafast fiber laser providing 300W of 1ps pulses at 515nm and 1.4GHz pulse repetition rate. The 4-stage collinear OPA produced about 100W of combined Signal plus Idler output powers when tuning the Signal wavelength between 740nm and 940nm. An extended spectral tuning range between 300nm and 1800nm with average power between 10W and 70W was demonstrated by using SFG of Signal plus Pump and SHG of Signal and of Idler. The OPA output pulse durations were ~0.5ps long.
Solid‐Phase Synthesis of a 1‐Thio‐β‐d‐GlcNAc Carbohydrate Mimetic Library (2003)

The solid phase synthesis of N‐acetyl‐2‐deoxy‐1‐thio‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside derivatives by reacting an immobilized sugar thiol with Michael acceptors and α‐chloroketones, followed by ketone reductions, reductive aminations, acylations and alkylations was developed to yield a library of 1088 compounds. Such carbohydrate mimetic libraries are synthesized efficiently on the solid phase without the need for protection of the sugar hydroxyl groups. The library was designed for the identification of potential inhibitors of β‐d‐GlcNAc binding proteins.
Differential effects of dystrophin and utrophin gene transfer in immunocompetent muscular dystrophy (mdx) mice (2000)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disease caused by defects in the gene encoding dystrophin. Dystrophin is a cytoskeletal protein, which together with its associated protein complex, helps to protect the sarcolemma from mechanical stresses associated with muscle contraction. Gene therapy efforts aimed at supplying a normal dystrophin gene to DMD muscles could be hampered by host immune system recognition of dystrophin as a "foreign" protein. In contrast, a closely related protein called utrophin is not foreign to DMD patients and is able to compensate for dystrophin deficiency when overexpressed throughout development in transgenic mice. However, the issue of which of the two candidate molecules is superior for DMD therapy has remained an open question. In this study, dystrophin and utrophin gene transfer effects on dystrophic muscle function were directly compared in the murine (mdx) model of DMD using E1/E3-deleted adenovirus vectors containing either a dystrophin (AdV-Dys) or a utrophin (AdV-Utr) transgene. In immunologically immature neonatal animals, AdV-Dys and AdV-Utr improved tibialis anterior muscle histopathology, force-generating capacity, and the ability to resist injury caused by high-stress contractions to an equivalent degree. By contrast, only AdV-Utr was able to achieve significant improvement in force generation and the ability to resist stress-induced injury in the soleus muscle of immunocompetent mature mdx animals. In addition, in mature mdx mice, there was significantly greater transgene persistence and reduced inflammation with utrophin compared to dystrophin gene transfer. We conclude that dystrophin and utrophin are largely equivalent in their intrinsic abilities to prevent the development of muscle necrosis and weakness when expressed in neonatal mdx animals with an immature immune system. However, because immunity against dystrophin places an important limitation on the efficacy of dystrophin gene replacement in an immunocompetent mature host, the use of utrophin as an alternative to dystrophin gene transfer in this setting appears to offer a significant therapeutic advantage.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection−Of Music and Mechanics of Its Spikes! A Perspective (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic has been inflicted upon humanity by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the latest insidious incarnation of the coronaviruses group. While in its wake intense scientific research has produced breakthrough vaccines and cures, there still exists an immediate need to further understand the origin, mechanobiology and biochemistry, and destiny of this virus so that future pandemics arising from similar coronaviruses may be contained more effectively. In this Perspective, we discuss the various evidential findings of virus propagation and connect them to respective underpinning cellular biomechanical states leading to corresponding manifestations of the viral activity. We further propose avenues to tackle the virus, including from a "musical" vantage point, and contain its relentless strides that are currently afflicting the global populace.
Polyglycerol/Polydopamine-Coated Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications (2022)

Nanoparticles play an active role in biomedical science due to their unique properties, which cannot be obtained from bulk materials. Therefore, understanding and controlling the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are gaining increasing importance for their practical applications. Surface coating is an important technique that controls the physical properties of nanoparticles since the coating is the first part of the nanoparticle that is in contact with the environment. Additionally, the coating creates robust targeting, therapy, imaging, and sensing opportunities. This review first introduced two recently developed outstanding coatings, namely, hyperbranched polyglycerol and polydopamine, and the research achieved by the polyglycerol/polydopamine-coated nanoparticles was then highlighted.
Site-specific methylation and acetylation of lysine residues in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (2015)

Dynamic modification of heptad-repeats with the consensus sequence Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD) regulates transcription-coupled processes. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that K7-residues in non-consensus repeats of human RNAPII are modified by acetylation, or mono-, di-, and tri-methylation. K7ac, K7me2, and K7me3 were found exclusively associated with phosphorylated CTD peptides, while K7me1 occurred also in non-phosphorylated CTD. The monoclonal antibody 1F5 recognizes K7me1/2 residues in CTD and reacts with RNAPIIA. Treatment of cellular extracts with phosphatase or of cells with the kinase inhibitor flavopiridol unmasked the K7me1/2 epitope in RNAPII0, consistent with the association of K7me1/2 marks with phosphorylated CTD peptides. Genome-wide profiling revealed high levels of K7me1/2 marks at the transcriptional start site of genes for sense and antisense transcribing RNAPII. The new K7 modifications further expand the mammalian CTD code to allow regulation of differential gene expression.
SUSTAINED REDUCTION OF CENTRAL SYMPATHETIC OUTFLOW AFTER RENAL DENERVATION IN END STAGE RENAL DISEASE (2011)

Schlaich, M.; Lambert, G.; Lambert, E.; KRUM, H.; Walton, T.; Sobotka, P.; Esler, M.Author Information
Efficient, MHz frequency, resonant converter for sub-meter (30 cm) distance wireless power transfer (2013)

This work investigates efficient power converters for MHz frequency wireless power transfer. MHz operation is used to reduce the magnetic field strength to very low levels in the space between the coils. A design methodology is developed for the selection of the power amplifier topology along with the resonant tank compensation for the transmitting and receiving coils. The Class E power amplifier with a series-series resonant tank configuration is selected for the design of a 50 W, 30 cm air gap, 3.45 MHz wireless power transfer system with a system level peak efficiency of over 80%. The design is verified via simulation and methods for manipulating the output power are compared. A physical system is built to better understand the challenges specific to the MHz frequency power converter for wireless systems. An experimental evaluation of system performance and design limitations is presented.
Single-atom-layer traps in a solid electrolyte for lithium batteries (2020)

In order to fully understand the lithium-ion transport mechanism in solid electrolytes for batteries, not only the periodic lattice but also the non-periodic features that disrupt the ideal periodicity must be comprehensively studied. At present only a limited number of non-periodic features such as point defects and grain boundaries are considered in mechanistic studies. Here, we discover an additional type of non-periodic feature that significantly influences ionic transport; this feature is termed a "single-atom-layer trap" (SALT). In a prototype solid electrolyte Li<sub>0.33</sub>La<sub>0.56</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>, the single-atom-layer defects that form closed loops, i.e., SALTs, are found ubiquitous by atomic-resolution electron microscopy. According to ab initio calculations, these defect loops prevent large volumes of materials from participating in ionic transport, and thus severely degrade the total conductivity. This discovery points out the urgency of thoroughly investigating different types of non-periodic features, and motivates similar studies for other solid electrolytes.
Die Wirkung von Perfluorocarbone auf die LPS induzierte Entzündungsreaktion von Alveolären Makrophagen und Typ-II Zellen (2009)

Hintergrund: Das Akute Atemnotsyndrom (ARDS) stellt eine schwere respiratorische Insuffizienz mit hoher Mortalität dar. Eine Infektion und nachfolgende Inflammation der Lunge bestimmen häufig das klinische Bild. Eine therapeutische Möglichkeit für ARDS Patienten wäre die Flüssigkeitsbeatmung mit Perfluorocarbonen (PFC). Derzeit gibt es für die klinische Anwendung nicht zugelassene PFC deren immunmodulierende Eigenschaften unzureichend bekannt sind.
Wandlungsfähige Automation auf Knopfdruck (2014)

Anderungen der Produkt- und Systemanforderungen bei Produktionsanlagen, die wahrend der Planung nicht berucksichtigt wurden, erfordern es, die Steuerungssoftware schnell anzupassen. Da in Feldebenensteuerungen nur der notwendige Funktionsumfang implementiert wird, sind A„nderungen der Steuerungssoftware mit hohem Aufwand verbunden. Zur Losung dieser Problematik wird im Beitrag ein Assistenzwerkzeug zur modellbasierten Entwicklung wandlungsfahiger Feldebenensteuerungssoftware vorgeschlagen. Es unterstutzt den Anwender bei der Implementierung des notwendigen Steuerungsprozesses.
Search for Higgs boson decays into a pair of pseudoscalar particles in the bbμμ final state with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s=13  TeV (2022)

This paper presents a search for decays of the Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV into a pair of new pseudoscalar particles, H aa, where one a-boson decays into a b-quark pair and the other into a muon pair. The search uses 139 fb -1 of proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of ffiffi ffi s p 13 TeV recorded between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. A narrow dimuon resonance is searched for in the invariant mass spectrum between 16 GeV and 62 GeV. The largest excess of events above the Standard Model backgrounds is observed at a dimuon invariant mass of 52 GeV and corresponds to a local (global) significance of 3.3 (1.7). Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the branching ratio of the Higgs boson to the bb final state, BH aa bb, and are in the range 0.2-4.0 10 -4 , depending on the signal mass hypothesis.
Characterization of immature T cell subpopulations in neonatal blood (1984)

A series of monoclonal antibodies directed against T cell differentiation antigens was used to identify circulating T cells in normal human neonates. Twenty-five cord blood samples, taken after cesarean or vaginal delivery, and 16 venous blood samples from normal adult controls were examined using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence technique. The percentage of circulating OKT3 positive (pan-T cell) cells was significantly lower in the neonatal blood (52.8%) compared with the adult controls (74.9%) (P less than .001). Of the cord mononuclear cells, 58% showed reactivity with OKT10 (common thymocyte antigen) compared with only 7% in adult controls (P less than .001). The helper:suppressor T cell ratio was lower in cord blood (1:2) as compared with 1:3 for adult blood (P less than .005) as observed in these studies. These figures reflect the presence of a significant population (25%) of immature T cells in cord blood that expresses simultaneously both helper (OKT4) and suppressor (OKT8) phenotypes. Twenty-four percent of the T cells in cord blood also expressed OKT6 antigen (cortical thymocyte), a feature not found in adult blood. Double-labeling studies characterized a previously undescribed blood T cell phenotype, which was simultaneously OKT6 and OKT3 (pan-T cell) positive; of the cells reactive with OKT3, 43% also were positive with OKT6. This study reveals the presence of immature populations of T cells in normal human neonatal blood exhibiting phenotypes characteristic of normal developing thymocytes and a previously undescribed cell phenotype.
Matrix Tile Analysis (2012)

Many tasks require finding groups of elements in a matrix of numbers, symbols or class likelihoods. One approach is to use efficient bi- or tri-linear factorization techniques including PCA, ICA, sparse matrix factorization and plaid analysis. These techniques are not appropriate when addition and multiplication of matrix elements are not sensibly defined. More directly, methods like bi-clustering can be used to classify matrix elements, but these methods make the overly-restrictive assumption that the class of each element is a function of a row class and a column class. We introduce a general computational problem, `matrix tile analysis' (MTA), which consists of decomposing a matrix into a set of non-overlapping tiles, each of which is defined by a subset of usually nonadjacent rows and columns. MTA does not require an algebra for combining tiles, but must search over discrete combinations of tile assignments. Exact MTA is a computationally intractable integer programming problem, but we describe an approximate iterative technique and a computationally efficient sum-product relaxation of the integer program. We compare the effectiveness of these methods to PCA and plaid on hundreds of randomly generated tasks. Using double-gene-knockout data, we show that MTA finds groups of interacting yeast genes that have biologically-related functions.
Angular analysis of the decay B0→K*0μ+μ- from pp collisions at s=8 TeV (2016)

The angular distributions and the differential branching fraction of the decay B0→K⁎(892)0μ+μ− are studied using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.5 fb −1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in pp collisions at s=8 TeV . From 1430 signal decays, the forward–backward asymmetry of the muons, the K⁎(892)0 longitudinal polarization fraction, and the differential branching fraction are determined as a function of the dimuon invariant mass squared. The measurements are among the most precise to date and are in good agreement with standard model predictions.
Simplifying the MIME: a formula relating normal mode distortions and frequencies to the MIME frequency (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimplifying the MIME: a formula relating normal mode distortions and frequencies to the MIME frequencyLee W. Tutt, Jeffrey I. Zink, and Eric J. HellerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 13, 2158–2160Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00260a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00260a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self‐Controlled Monofunctionalization of Quantum Dots for Multiplexed Protein Tracking in Live Cells (2010)

Die Funktionalisierung von Quantenpunkten (QDs) gelang, wenn die Oberflächendichte an funktionellen Gruppen durch elektrostatische Abstoßung eingestellt wurde. Solche QDs konjugierten in vitro und in lebenden Zellen durch Selbstorganisation mit His-markierten Proteinen und konnten dann ohne weitere Fraktionierung zur Zweifarbenbildgebung von Zelloberflächenrezeptoren eingesetzt werden (siehe Schema). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Signal averaging of non-stationary noise (2003)

A signal averaging method is described that takes into account the non-stationarity of the noise in the averaged signals in order to obtain the optimal noise reduction.
Comparison of single antenna, selection combining, and optimum combining reception at the vehicle (1999)

This paper presents a comparison of single antenna, selection combining, and optimum combining reception from the multipath perspective of the vehicular user in a cellular communications system with cochannel interference. First a signal model is derived, power angular profiles of incident waves in conjunction with spatial correlation and cochannel interference conditions are investigated, and suitable performance criteria are defined. We then carry out a comparative study for the combining schemes under test for varying number of antenna elements, target bit error rates, cochannel interference levels, array sizes, and real-life vehicular antenna element patterns.
A Promising Physical Pest-Control System Demonstrated in a Greenhouse Equipped with Simple Electrostatic Devices that Excluded all Insect Pests (2019)

Applied electrostatic engineering can be used to construct greenhouses that prevent entry of insect pests. Two types of electric field screen were used to exclude pests from the greenhouse: single- and double-charged dipolar electric field screens (S- and D-screen, respectively). The S-screen consisted of iron insulated conductor wires (ICWs) arrayed in parallel (ICW-layer), a grounded metal net on either side of the ICW-layer, and a direct current voltage generator. S-screens were attached to the side windows of the greenhouse to repel whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) that approached the nets. The D-screen was installed in a small anteroom at the greenhouse entrance to capture whiteflies entering through it. The ICW-layers of the D-screen were oppositely charged with equal voltages and arrayed alternately, and an insulator board or grounded metal net was placed on one side of the ICW-layer. The ICW-layers captured whiteflies entering the electric field of the double-charged dipolar electric field. Three screens equipped with yellow or gray boards or a grounded metal net were installed in the anteroom based on the airflow inside the room, as most whiteflies were brought in by air when the door was opened. Two D-screens with boards were useful for directing the airflow toward the wall with the netted D-screen. This screen eliminated the insects and the pest-free air was circulated inside the greenhouse. The D-screen with the yellow board attracted the whiteflies and was effective for trapping them when there was no wind. Our method kept the greenhouse pest-free throughout the entire period of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivation.
Photoenhanced electron attachment of vinylchloride and trifluoroethylene at 193 nm (1985)

We show that the electron attachment properties of a gas mixture of helium containing vinylchloride or trifluoroethylene can be altered from nonattaching to strongly attaching by irradiation with a low-energy laser pulse at 193 nm. These molecules are photodissociated producing vibrationally excited HCl or HF and other fragments that strongly attach low-energy electrons.
Appeared in SIGACT 1992 Linear Logic (2005)

The results of our study showed that medical education did not curb constipation frequency. We believe that stress is significant in constipation. The data we collected indicate that regular eating habits and excess liquid intake are not as effective as suggested in the treatment of constipation.
Recognition and Organization of Speech and Audio (2001)

An overview of the work of the Laboratory for Recognition and Organization of Speech and Audio, Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, including projects on multisource decoding, lyrics recognition, and acoustic detection of meeting participant motion.
Design and construction of a gradient coil for high resolution marmoset imaging (2020)

A gradient coil with integrated second and third order shims has been designed and constructed for use inside an actively shielded 310 mm horizontal bore 9.4 T small animal MRI. An extension of the boundary element method, to minimise the power deposited in conducting surfaces, was used to design the gradients, and a boundary element method with a constraint on mutual inductance was used to design the shims. The gradient coil allows for improved imaging performance and was optimized for an imaging region appropriate for marmoset imaging studies. Efficiencies of 1.5 mT m<sup>-1</sup> A<sup>-1</sup> were achieved in a 15 cm wide bore while maintaining gradient uniformity ≤5% over the 8 cm region of interest. Two new cooling methods were implemented which allowed the gradient coil to operate at 100 A RMS, 25 % of max current with a temperature rise below 30 C.