gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular checkpoint control using programmable sequential logic (2018)

Biological processes that require orderly progression, such as growth and differentiation, proceed via regulatory checkpoints where the cell waits for signals before continuing to the next state. Implementing such control would allow genetic engineers to divide complex tasks into stages. We present genetic circuits that encode sequential logic to instruct <i>Escherichia coli</i> to proceed through a linear or cyclical sequence of states. These are built with 11 set-reset latches, designed with repressor-based NOR gates, which can connect to each other and sensors. The performance of circuits with up to three latches and four sensors, including a gated D latch, closely match predictions made by using nonlinear dynamics. Checkpoint control is demonstrated by switching cells between multiple circuit states in response to external signals over days.
New Block Copolymers for Membrane Materials (1996)

New fluorine containing polymer materials, which contain n-fluoro octylacrylate (pFOA) or n-fluorooctylmethylacrylate (pFOMA) repeating units, are being explored for use in thin film composite membranes in treatment of drinking water. These polymers both have extremely low surface tension which should prevent the accumulation of foulant materials from water. However, they need to be chemically linked with a hydrophilic polymer, e.g. vinyl alcohol, in order to produce hydrophilic regions that span the entire sample thickness and thus form channels for water permeation. Such a microphase-separated structure can be controlled through the process of block copolymer synthesis. The initial findings from synthesis and characterization of copolymers and formation of thin-film composite membranes are presented.
Separation of phospholipid derivatives by microcolumn liquid chromatography (1996)

Packed, fused silica capillaries were employed, at high chromatographic resolution, to separate complex mixtures of phospholipids derived from plant and animal sources. Benzoylation of phosphatidylcholine derivatives and dansylation of phosphatidylethanolamines were used in conjunction with miniaturized spectroscopic detectors. Under the conditions of stepwise gradient elution, detection limits for both derivatives were on the order of picomoles. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thermal Characterization of LiFePO4 Cathode in Lithium Ion Cells (2011)

The thermal behavior of carbon-coated LiFePO4 cathode material was investigated using three different calorimetric techniques. Heat released during charge and discharge of cylindrical 18650 size cells was measured in an isothermal calorimeter. Accelerating rate calorimetry was used to investigate the cause of thermal runaway of the cylindrical 18650 size cells. On the other hand, differential scanning calorimeter was used to study the contribution of the delithiated carbon-coated LiFePO4 and the lithiated graphite to the overall thermal runaway through coin cells of 2032 size. The carbon-coated LiFePO4 showed very good thermal stability.
Constrictive binding of large guests by a hemicarcerand containing four portals (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstrictive binding of large guests by a hemicarcerand containing four portalsMimi L. C. Quan and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 7, 2754–2755Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00007a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00007a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1853Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anatomy of the Extensor Mechanism in Reference to Quadriceps-sparing TKA (2006)

The introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques in total joint arthroplasty has ushered in a range of new terminology that often is unclear. One such term is quadriceps-sparing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We examined 100 knees intraoperatively in 100 patients at the time of TKA, dissected 45 entire cadaveric leg specimens, and did high-resolution 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scans on five normal knees to specifically determine: (1) the distal most insertion point of the vastus medialis obliquus; (2) the angle of insertion of the vastus medialis obliquus; and (3) the length of the vastus medialis obliquus tendon. The medial anatomy of the extensor mechanism was consistent. The inferior edge of the VMO inserted at or near the midpole of the patella in each case. The tendon inserted at 50 degrees (range, 46 degrees - 52 degrees). One hundred of the 150 patients (66%) had a tendon that measured 1.2 +/- 0.1 cm, whereas 50 of 150 patients (33%) had a substantially longer tendon (2.2 +/- 0.2 cm). Any medial arthrotomy that extends more proximal than the midpole of the patella detaches a portion of the quadriceps tendon. The term "quadriceps sparing" should not be applied to any surgical approach with a capsular incision that extends more proximal than the midpole of the patella.
Optimizing Uplink Resource Allocation for D2D Overlaying Cellular Networks with Power Control (2016)

In this paper, we present a stochastic geometry based framework to analyze the coverage probability and ergodic rate with different channel allocations for device-to-device (D2D) communications. Different from existing works, we assume there are two different kinds of users, cellular users and D2D users, in the muti-channel uplink cellular network. Specifically, cellular users can upload data to the nearest base station (BS) directly through cellular channels. However, D2D users must upload data to their own D2D relays through D2D channels and then the D2D relays communicate with the nearest BS through cellular channels. There is no overlapping between cellular channels and D2D channels. Each cellular user and D2D relay adopt the channel inversion power control with maximum transmit power limit. Our results indicate that the framework can help to find the optimal channel allocation to achieve the optimal system performance in terms of coverage probability and average rate.
Spatio-temporal regulation of nuclear division by Aurora B kinase Ipl1 in Cryptococcus neoformans (2019)

The nuclear division takes place in the daughter cell in the basidiomycetous budding yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Unclustered kinetochores gradually cluster and the nucleus moves to the daughter bud as cells enter mitosis. Here, we show that the evolutionarily conserved Aurora B kinase Ipl1 localizes to the nucleus upon the breakdown of the nuclear envelope during mitosis in C. neoformans. Ipl1 is shown to be required for timely breakdown of the nuclear envelope as well. Ipl1 is essential for viability and regulates structural integrity of microtubules. The compromised stability of cytoplasmic microtubules upon Ipl1 depletion results in a significant delay in kinetochore clustering and nuclear migration. By generating an in silico model of mitosis, we previously proposed that cytoplasmic microtubules and cortical dyneins promote atypical nuclear division in C. neoformans. Improving the previous in silico model by introducing additional parameters, here we predict that an effective cortical bias generated by cytosolic Bim1 and dynein regulates dynamics of kinetochore clustering and nuclear migration. Indeed, in vivo alterations of Bim1 or dynein cellular levels delay nuclear migration. Results from in silico model and localization dynamics by live cell imaging suggests that Ipl1 spatio-temporally influences Bim1 or/and dynein activity along with microtubule stability to ensure timely onset of nuclear division. Together, we propose that the timely breakdown of the nuclear envelope by Ipl1 allows its own nuclear entry that helps in spatio-temporal regulation of nuclear division during semi-open mitosis in C. neoformans.
Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation (2018)

Using biotechnology to help control landfill processes can mitigate costs, shorten the time needed to process solid waste, and ease the typical ecological damage to the land being used. This first-of-its-kind book provides regulators, designers, landfill owners, and operators with information that supports the utility of landfill bioreactors and provides design and operating criteria essential for the successful application of this technology. It pulls together laboratory, pilot, and full-scale experiences into one concise guide to designing and running municipal landfills as bioreactors. Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation covers the history and background of landfill technology, research studies of actual bioreactor landfills, expected leachate and gas yields, specific design criteria, operation guidelines, and reuse of landfill sites to avoid having to establish new sites. For anyone looking for an alternative to large, wasteful landfill sites, this book provides a practical alternative to the problem.
Short-wave infrared Mueller matrices and polarization parameters for in vivo skin surface reflectance (2018)

Short-wave infrared light is weakly absorbed by human epidermal and dermal tissue. Investigation of polarization characteristics of human skin taken in vivo distinguishes how depolarization index and the Mueller matrix are markers that can identify skin from a rough Lambertian surface material. A custom Near-Infrared imaging Mueller Matrix Polarimeter using an expanded, coherent 1550nm laser beam source is used to analyze the skin on the back of hands as a subject.
Economic Policies of Telangana: its Impact and Success (2017)

Telangana had a history as the Telugu-speaking region of the princely state of Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad. It joined the Union of India in 1948. In 1956, the Hyderabad State was dissolved as part of linguistic reorganisation of states and Telangana was merged with former Andhra State to form Andhra Pradesh. Following a movement for separation, Telangana was awarded separate statehood on 2 June 2014. The government of Telangana in the last 3 years had progressively made reforms in policies, processes and the Governance, on the whole, to enhance the business ecosystem in the state across sectors in a simplified manner. The aim of the Government is to increase the potential to run businesses in the S which in turn would help the growth of the state's economy. The focus of these reforms is to ensure the 'Ease of Doing Business' is attained in its true sense.
Viral rebound in semen after antiretroviral treatment interruption in an HIV therapeutic vaccine double-blind trial (2018)

Our data demonstrate rapid and high HIV rebound in semen after ATI, raising concerns about high risk of HIV sexual transmission during HIV cure trials.
Novel Erythromycin Derivatives with Aryl Groups Tethered to the C-6 Position Are Potent Protein Synthesis Inhibitors and Active against Multidrug-Resistant Respiratory Pathogens (2001)

A novel series of erythromycin derivatives has been discovered with potent activity against key respiratory pathogens, including those resistant to erythromycin. These compounds are characterized by having an aryl group tethered to the C-6 position of the erythronolide skeleton. Extensive structural modification of the C-6 moiety led to the discovery of several promising compounds with potent activity against both mef- and erm-mediated resistant Streptoccoccus pneumoniae. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the new macrolides are potent protein synthesis inhibitors, which interact with methylated ribosomes isolated from resistant organisms. In experimental animal models, these compounds exhibited excellent in vivo efficacy and balanced pharmacokinetic profiles.
Synthesis of some carbon-3 substituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones and their central effects (1979)

Starting from 3-hydroxy-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones 1--3, via 3-chloro derivatives 4--6, 13 new C(3)-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones were synthesized. Reaction of 4--6 with ethylene glycol yielded 3-(beta-hydroxyethyl) derivatives 7--9. Similar reaction with the isopropylidene derivative of glycerol afforded 10--12, which on hydrolysis of the isopropylidene group hielded glycerol derivatives 13--15. Reaction of trichloroacetyl chloride with oxazepam and temazepam yielded the corresponding trichloroacetyl esters 16 and 17. The beta-hydroxyethyl derivative 7 was conjugated with an acetylated glucopyranose derivative to give isomeric 18 and 19. Partition coefficients (log Poct) and central nervous system activities (in six stranded tests) were determined for 7--15 as well as several standard compounds. Most of the compounds exhibiting beneficial central nervous system activity had Poct values between 1.71 and 2.48. No correlation between lipophilicity and central nervous system activity could be discerned for these compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,3‐Dimethoxy‐5‐iodobenzoic Acid. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Primary Chemical Sequence Ultimately Determines Crystal Thickness in Segmented All-Aliphatic Copolymers (2014)

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are known to exhibit a phase-separated morphology which depends on their chemical structure and processing. The design of novel TPEs with predefined properties which are also independent of the material thermal history has so far remained a challenge. The focus of this work is on the semicrystalline morphology of all-aliphatic thermoplastic elastomers consisting of alternating polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) segments and uniform glycine or β-alanine bisoxalamide units. The thickness of the hard segment crystals was found to be highly monodisperse and independent of the sample thermal history. Using Nanocalorimetry, we observed that at cooling rates as high as 12 000 °C s–1 the bisoxalamide segments can still crystallize although the crystallization temperature decreases by ca. 26 °C. The surface free energy of the hard block crystals is found to be extremely low (∼18 mJ·m−2), which is likely due to the entropic contribution of soft segments forming tie chains bridging the neighboring crystals. To investigate the combined effect of crystal orientation and phase transitions, simultaneous time-resolved X-ray scattering and mechanical tensile tests were performed. Upon stretching, elastomeric PTHF segments with lengths above 1000 g mol–1 crystallize at ambient temperatures. Under these conditions two main morphologies were observed: at low strains the long axes of the fibril-like crystals were oriented parallel to the flow direction, whereas higher strains caused bisoxalamide crystal fragmentation and changed their preferential direction to the one perpendicular to the drawing direction. The chain tilts in the bisoxalamide crystals were calculated from the characteristic four-spot SAXS patterns and were ∼5°–16° in the case of glycine end-groups and 24° for alanine and propyl terminal groups. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to determine the chain tilt for the nonlamellar crystals in block copolymers.
A Scalable Memory-Based Reconfigurable Computing Framework for Nanoscale Crossbar (2010)

Nanoscale molecular electronic devices amenable to bottom-up self-assembly into a crossbar structure have emerged as a promising candidate for future electronic systems. To address some of the design challenges in molecular crossbar, we propose “memory-based architecture for reconfigurable computing” (MBARC), where memory, instead of switch-based logic functions, is used as the computing element. MBARC leverages on the fact that regular and periodic structures of molecular crossbar are attractive for a dense memory design. The main idea in MBARC is to partition a logic circuit, store the partitions as multi-input-multi-output lookup tables in a memory array, and then, use a simple CMOS-based scheduler to evaluate the partitions in a topological time-multiplexed manner. Compared to existing reconfigurable nanocomputing models, the proposed memory-based computing has three major advantages: 1) it minimizes the requirement of programmable interconnects (PIs); 2) it minimizes the number of CMOS interfacing elements that are required for level restoration and cascading logic blocks; and 3) it can achieve higher defect tolerance through efficient use of redundancy. Simulation results for a set of ISCAS benchmarks show average improvement of 32% in area, 21% in delay, and 34% in energy per vector compared to the implementation of a nanoscale field-programmable gate array. Effectiveness of the framework is also studied for two large sequential circuits, namely, 2-D discrete cosine transform and eight-tap finite-impulse-response filter.
Gaze and mouse coordination in everyday work (2014)

Gaze tracking technology is increasingly common in desktop, laptop and mobile scenarios. Most previous research on eye gaze patterns during human-computer interaction has been confined to controlled laboratory studies. In this paper we present an in situ study of gaze and mouse coordination as participants went about their normal activities. We analyze the coordination between gaze and mouse, showing that gaze often leads the mouse, but not as much as previously reported, and in ways that depend on the type of target. Characterizing the relationship between the eyes and mouse in realistic multi-task settings highlights some new challenges we face in designing robust gaze-enhanced interaction techniques.
Bacillus thuringiensis: Natural and Recombinant bioinsecticide Products (2003)

Worldwide sales of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) dwarf those of any other biopesticide product. Annual sales in the early 1990s were estimated at $100 million, accountmg for l-2% of the global insecticide market (, ). The largest masrket for Bt-based bioinsecticides, estimated by van Frankenhuyzen () to be ~60% of the total Bt market m 1990, is in the protection of vegetable and horticultural crops from lepidopteran pests. The remainder of the Bt market Includes applications for the control of forest pests (), particularly in North America, dipteran pests that act as vectors of human diseases (), lepidopteran pests on cotton, and coleopteran pests on solanaceous crops, Lambert and Peferoen () and van Frankenhuyzen () provide fine historical overviews of the development of Bt as a commercial bioinsecticide. Over the past 15 yr, much progress has been made in understanding the molecular and genetic basis of Bt insecticidal activity. The recent review by Cannon () covers many aspects of Bt molecular biology. In this chapter, we will highlight advances in the development of improved btoinsectrcide products based on recombinant or genetically modified strams of Bt.
The HOPS tethering complex is required to maintain signaling endosome identity and TORC1 activity (2022)

The endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells is essential for cellular homeostasis during growth and proliferation. Previous work showed that a central regulator of growth, namely the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), binds both membranes of vacuoles and signaling endosomes (SEs) that are distinct from multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Interestingly, the endosomal TORC1, which binds membranes in part via the EGO complex, critically defines vacuole integrity. Here, we demonstrate that SEs form at a branch point of the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways toward the vacuole and depend on MVB biogenesis. Importantly, function of the HOPS tethering complex is essential to maintain the identity of SEs and proper endosomal and vacuolar TORC1 activities. In HOPS mutants, the EGO complex redistributed to the Golgi, which resulted in a partial mislocalization of TORC1. Our study uncovers that SE function requires a functional HOPS complex and MVBs, suggesting a tight link between trafficking and signaling along the endolysosomal pathway.
A Case Report of Subcutaneously Injected Liposomal Cannabidiol Formulation Used as a Compassion Therapy for Pain Management in a Dog (2022)

A 14-year-old intact mixed breed dog (26 kg) was submitted for a novel cannabidiol (CBD) analgesic treatment. The dog was cachectic and had a testicular neoplasia, hip and elbow osteoarthritis and severe cervical pain. Analgesic treatment included canine osteoarthritic supplement, robencoxib and gabapentin. An additional liposomal CBD injectable formulation at 5 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously between the shoulder blades. The dog was monitored using an activity monitoring collar (PetPace), owner wellbeing questionnaire (Canine Brief Pain Inventory; CBPI), pain interactive visual analog scale (iVAS), blood work and CBD plasma concentrations. A week from the injection and up to 3 weeks afterwards the dog had improved CBPI and iVAS pain scores, and increased collar activity scores. CBD was quantified in plasma for 28 days. Due to disease progression, further difficulty to rise and walk, and relapse to pain after 3 weeks, the owners requested a second liposomal CBD injection, which was performed 4 weeks following the first injection using 3 mg/kg dose. Two days later, the dog was found dead in the yard under direct sun, while environmental temperature was 37°C. Major findings on necropsy revealed evidence of heat stroke and severe cervical disc protrusion with spinal hematoma, none related to liposomal CBD. In conclusion, subcutaneous liposomal CBD produced quantifiable CBD plasma concentrations for 28 days and may be an effective additional treatment as part of multimodal pain management in dogs.