gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Allocytotoxic T cell clones: both Leu 2+3− and Leu 2−3+ T cells recognize class I histocompatibility antigens (1983)

T cell clones were selected which were cytotoxic for human class I major histocompatibility target antigens. Specificity was based on target cell panel studies and inhibition by monoclonal antibodies to class I determinants. Eight clones were Leu 2+3-. The cytotoxicity of these clones was inhibited by antibody to the Leu 2 antigen. Two clones expressed the Leu 2-3+ phenotype and were not inhibited by anti-Leu 2a or anti-Leu 3a antibodies. These studies indicate that class I-specific cytotoxic T cells are distributed in both T cell subsets, though predominantly in the Leu 2+3- group. In addition, these studies suggest that the Leu 3 molecule may not function in identical fashion in Leu 3+ cytotoxic T cells, which recognize class I target antigens, as in those which recognize class II targets.
Variation in Reproductive Traits between Populations ofNeosalanx taihuensisabove and below the Three-Gorges Dam (2009)

ABSTRACT Reproductive characteristics of the spring spawning stock of Neosalanx taihuensis varied significantly between the populations in the Three-Gorges Reservoir (TGR) and in the Tian-e-zhou Oxbow (TEO, below the dam). Larger body size, higher condition, higher fecundity, and larger oocyte diameter of the spawning stock in the TGR indicated faster individual growth and higher reproductive investment of the TGR population than the TEO population. With higher population abundance associated with higher reproductive investment of N. taihuensis in the TGR than in the TEO population, we suggest that reproductive investment is an important factor regulating resource fluctuation of N. taihuensis populations.
Activation of Central GABA<sub>A</sub>- but Not of GABA<sub>B</sub> – Receptors Rapidly Reduces Pituitary LH Release and GnRH Gene Expression in the Preoptic/Anterior Hypothalamic Area of Ovariectomized Rats (1995)

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) exerts an inhibitory action on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release from the hypothalamus. In vivo, this inhibitory action appears to be mediated via the GABAA receptor since in ovariectomized (ovx) rats and sheep direct application of muscimol (MUS), a GABAA agonist, into the preoptic area (POA), the site were the GnRH cell bodies are located, caused an immediate reduction of LH release. This effect may be the result of an inhibition of GnRH release but also GnRH biosynthesis may be affected. Using competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) we now addressed the question, whether an acute inhibition of the GnRH pulse generator in ovx rats by GABA involves reduction of GnRH biosynthesis as determined by GnRH mRNA levels in micropunches of the POA. To activate either the GABAA or GABAB receptor, we injected intraventricularly (icv) MUS or baclofen (BAC). Intracerebroventricular injection of 10 nmol MUS caused a rapid and lasting inhibition of LH release from about 7.5 ng/ml (pretreatment value) to approximately 1.5 ng/ml. Neither application of BAC or saline (control injections) affected LH secretion. Two hours after icv injections, rats were decapitated and GnRH mRNA levels were determined. MUS induced a pronounced decrease of GnRH levels in the POA (control rats: 2.26 pg GnRH mRNA; MUS-treated rats: 0.85 pg, n = 10/ group). BAC was without any effect on GnRH mRNA levels. Thus, we confirm the inhibitory action of GABA on LH release in vivo which is exerted via the A-subtype of the receptor. We suggest that this effect, in addition to the possible actions of MUS on other neuronal systems relevant to central regulation of LH secretion, is at least in part due to a similarly rapid suppression of GnRH gene expression in the POA and/or accelerated GnRH mRNA turnover.
pH‐Dependence of the ATP‐Driven Uptake of Noradrenaline by Bovine Chromaffin‐Granule Ghosts (1981)

The kinetic parameters of noradrenaline uptake by chromaffin granule ghosts have been measured at external pH values between 6.5 and 8.5. The log of the Km for noradrenaline decreased linearly with pH with a slope of -1.0, indicating that the observed affinity increase of originated in deprotonation of a single chemical group. This result is interpreted as showing that the neutral form of monoamines is the true substrate for the amine carrier. The Km of the carrier for the neutral form of noradrenaline was calculated as 0.1 microM. The maximal velocity, V, of the uptake reaction was constant from pH 6.5 to 8.0 and decreased at more alkaline pH values. Since the proton electrochemical gradient delta muH+ generated by the membrane H+-pump was independent of the pH in the range 6.5-9.5, the pH dependence of the maximal velocity of uptake reflects the pH profile of the monoamine transporter.
Precision Interface Electronics for a CMOS Smart Temperature Sensor (2006)

This paper describes the interface electronics of a CMOS smart temperature sensor that is accurate to plusmn0.1degC over the full military temperature range. The sensor is fabricated in a standard CMOS process. Substrate bipolar transistors are used as temperature-sensitive devices. Precision interface electronics are used to make the most of their temperature characteristics. While the sensor is trimmed at one temperature, its accuracy over the full temperature range depends on the initial accuracy of the electronics. Dynamic offset cancellation and dynamic element matching are used to eliminate offset and gain errors. These techniques are combined with a sigma-delta ADC to obtain a readily usable digital temperature reading
Data from Genetic Predictors of Response to Systemic Therapy in Esophagogastric Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The incidence of esophagogastric cancer is rapidly rising, but only a minority of patients derive durable benefit from current therapies. Chemotherapy as well as anti-HER2 and PD-1 antibodies are standard treatments. To identify predictive biomarkers of drug sensitivity and mechanisms of resistance, we implemented prospective tumor sequencing of patients with metastatic esophagogastric cancer. There was no association between homologous recombination deficiency defects and response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients with microsatellite instability–high tumors were intrinsically resistant to chemotherapy but more likely to achieve durable responses to immunotherapy. The single Epstein–Barr virus–positive patient achieved a durable, complete response to immunotherapy. The level of &lt;i&gt;ERBB2&lt;/i&gt; amplification as determined by sequencing was predictive of trastuzumab benefit. Selection for a tumor subclone lacking &lt;i&gt;ERBB2&lt;/i&gt; amplification, deletion of &lt;i&gt;ERBB2&lt;/i&gt; exon 16, and comutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase, RAS, and PI3K pathways were associated with intrinsic and/or acquired trastuzumab resistance. Prospective genomic profiling can identify patients most likely to derive durable benefit to immunotherapy and trastuzumab and guide strategies to overcome drug resistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; Clinical application of multiplex sequencing can identify biomarkers of treatment response to contemporary systemic therapies in metastatic esophagogastric cancer. This large prospective analysis sheds light on the biological complexity and the dynamic nature of therapeutic resistance in metastatic esophagogastric cancers. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Discov; 8(1); 49–58. ©2017 AACR.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Sundar and Tan, p. 14&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related article by Pectasides et al., p. 37&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
RCM Macrocyclization Made Practical:  An Efficient Synthesis of HCV Protease Inhibitor BILN 2061 (2008)

We report here that dramatic improvement of the key RCM reaction in the synthesis of HCV protease inhibitor BILN2061 can be achieved by N-substitution of the diene substrate with an electron-withdrawing group. Mechanistic studies using 1H NMR spectroscopy showed an unprecedented switch of the initiation sites and the correlation between such switch and the results of RCM, from the unmodified to the modified substrates. We also provided theoretical evidence that such modification may also increase the thermodynamic preference of the macrocyclic product over the diene substrate.
Transverse Susceptibility as a Biosensor for Detection of Au-Fe3O4 Nanoparticle-Embedded Human Embryonic Kidney Cells (2013)

We demonstrate the possibility of using a radio-frequency transverse susceptibility (TS) technique based on a sensitive self-resonant tunnel-diode oscillator as a biosensor for detection of cancer cells that have taken up magnetic nanoparticles. This technique can detect changes in frequency on the order of 10 Hz in 10 MHz. Therefore, a small sample of cells that have taken up nanoparticles when placed inside the sample space of the TS probe can yield a signal characteristic of the magnetic nanoparticles. As a proof of the concept, Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with Au (mean size ~60 nm) were synthesized using a micellar method and these nanoparticles were introduced to the medium at different concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL buffer, where they were taken up by human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells via phagocytosis. While the highest concentration of Au-Fe3O4 nanoparticles (1 mg/mL) was found to give the strongest TS signal, it is notable that the TS signal of the nanoparticles could still be detected at concentrations as low as 0.1 mg/mL.
On the Birth of This Journal (2002)

The <i>Journal of Micro/Nanopatterning, Materials, and Metrology</i> (JM3) publishes peer-reviewed papers on the core enabling technologies that address the patterning needs of the electronics industry.
In vivo effects of imatinib mesylate on human haematopoietic progenitor cells (2006)

Abstract Background Imatinib mesylate has considerable antineoplastic activity in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and some solid tumours. Although originally regarded as nontoxic for normal haematopoiesis, mild to moderate myelosuppression is a commonly observed side‐effect of this treatment. Recently, this molecule has been shown to suppress normal haematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro . This is the first study that has investigated the effect of imatinib on haematopoietic progenitor cells in vivo . Materials and methods We investigated the number of circulating haematopoietic progenitor cells in 79 patients with CML and five patients with solid tumours who were treated with imatinib for at least 3 months. Bone marrow progenitor cells were assessed in a subgroup of 18 patients with CML after 12 months of imatinib treatment. Results were compared with haematopoietic progenitor cell numbers of normal controls. Results Circulating progenitors of all classes were significantly decreased in CML up to 24 months of imatinib therapy compared with healthy controls (median progenitor cells in CML after 12 months: CFU‐GM 62, range 0–2543; BFU‐E 216, range 0–3259; CFU‐GEMM 0, range 0–139; versus controls: CFU‐GM 208, range 50–936; BFU‐E 690, range 120–1862; CFU‐GEMM 20, range 4–77; P &lt; 0·001). Similar reductions in the number of progenitor cells derived from bone marrow were found in a subgroup of 18 patients with CML. In patients with solid tumours the number of circulating progenitor cells was significantly lower under treatment with imatinib when compared with the controls. Withdrawal of imatinib in a patient with a malignant brain tumour resulted in a prompt normalization of circulating progenitors. Conclusions This study suggests that imatinib exerts myelosuppressive effects through inhibition of haematopoietic progenitor cells.
Trustworthy Service Selection and Composition (2011)

We consider Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) environments. Such environments are populated with services that stand proxy for a variety of information resources. A fundamental challenge in SOC is to select and compose services, to support specified user needs directly or by providing additional services. Existing approaches for service selection either fail to capture the dynamic relationships between services or assume that the environment is fully observable. In practical situations, however, consumers are often not aware of how the services are implemented. We propose two distributed trust-aware service selection approaches: one based on Bayesian networks and the other on a beta-mixture model. We experimentally validate our approach through a simulation study. Our results show that both approaches accurately punish and reward services in terms of the qualities they offer, and further that the approaches are effective despite incomplete observations regarding the services under consideration.
Titanocene-Catalyzed Reduction of Lactones to Lactols (1997)

A convenient method for the conversion of lactones to lactols is described. The hydrosilylation to lactols is carried out via air-stable titanocene difluoride or a titanocene diphenoxide precatalyst using inexpensive polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as the stoichiometric reductant. These procedures have been demonstrated with a variety of substrates and proceed in good to excellent yield.
Experimental Demonstration of Robustness and Accuracy of an MZI-based OSNR Monitor under Transmitter Drift and Reconfigurable Networking Conditions for Pol-Muxed 25-Gbaud QPSK and 16-QAM Channels (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate the robustness of an MZI-based OSNR monitor under reconfigurable network and transmitter drift. The monitor calibration factors for 25 Gbaud PM-QPSK signal are stored after assembly and applied to study the accuracy of the OSNR monitoring unit when different changing scenarios outside the monitor occurred.
Study of stress distribution in a cleaved Si shallow trench isolation structure using confocal micro-Raman system (2010)

We measured local stress distributions in a cleaved Si shallow trench isolation (STI) structure. We used a high-spatial-resolution confocal UV micro-Raman system with an excitation wavelength of 364 nm. The polarization dependence of Raman spectra enabled us to quantitatively estimate the stress direction and intensity on the (1¯10) cross-section. We observed stress relaxation due to the cleavage resulted in an abrupt change in the intensity and polarity of stress around the cross-sectional surface. Finite element method simulations reproduced well the measurement results and confirmed that this change was due to out-of-plane elastic deformation of the cleaved surface. This accurate comparison of the measurement data and the simulation is based on the feature that the UV Raman measurement selectively detects the surface regions, making this method particularly useful in stress distribution analyses.
COMPARISON OF GUIDE WIRES IN UROLOGY. WHICH, WHEN AND WHY? (2004)

Brand name guide wires designed for the same purpose appear to differ markedly with regard to flexibility, lubricity and shaft stiffness. In general, floppy tip and nitinol based guide wires appear to be best used for access with an emphasis on tip flexibility and a low friction coating, while the stiffer shaft guide wires are selected for coaxial passage of catheters, stents and sheaths.
Identification of iron(III) peroxo species in the active site of the superoxide reductase SOR from Desulfoarculus baarsii (2015)

The active site of superoxide reductase SOR consists of an Fe2+ center in an unusual [His4 Cys1] square-pyramidal geometry. It specifically reduces superoxide to produce H2O2. Here, we have reacted the SOR from Desulfoarculus baarsii directly with H2O2. We have found that its active site can transiently stabilize an Fe3+-peroxo species that we have spectroscopically characterized by resonance Raman. The mutation of the strictly conserved Glu47 into alanine results in a stabilization of this Fe3+-peroxo species, when compared to the wild-type form. These data support the hypothesis that the reaction of SOR proceeds through such a Fe3+-peroxo intermediate. This also suggests that Glu47 might serve to help H2O2 release during the reaction with superoxide.
Molecular and Mesoscopic Structures of Transparent Block Copolymer−Silica Monoliths (1999)

Mesoscopically ordered, transparent silica−surfactant monoliths have been prepared using amphiphilic triblock poly(ethylene oxide)−poly(propylene oxide)−poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO−PPO−PEO) copolymer species to organize polymerizing silica networks. The block copolymer acts as a structure-directing agent, as the aqueous silica cations partition within the hydrophilic regions of the self-assembled system and associate preferentially with the PEO blocks. Subsequent polymerization of the silica precursor species under strongly acidic conditions (pH ∼1) produces a densely cross-linked silica network that may be mesoscopically organized by the block copolymer species into composites with characteristic ordering length scales of >10 nm. When this is accompanied by slow evaporation of the aqueous solvent, such composite mesostructures can be formed into transparent and crack-free monoliths (e.g., 2.5 cm diameter × 3 mm thick). Distributions and dynamics of the PEO and PPO copolymer blocks within the silica matrix were investigated in situ using 29Si{1H} and 13C{1H} two-dimensional solid-state heteronuclear correlation NMR techniques and 1H NMR relaxation measurements. Mesostructural ordering was determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The degree of microphase separation and the resulting mesostructure of bulk samples were found to depend strongly upon the concentration of block copolymer, with higher concentrations producing higher degrees of order.
Supporting reuse of evolving visual code (2002)

Although the idea of reusing code is very appealing, effective reuse has long been acknowledged as a problem. To help address the difficulties, many advocate strong management commitment to code reuse, leading to the treatment of code as an asset to be carefully managed in a well-organized repository. However, the advent of the Web may bring a change to this outlook encouraging informal, loosely-organized code repositories. Already, for both textual and visual languages, informal repositories are beginning to emerge, featuring a high rate of change and few controls over what a producer must do to submit code. We present techniques to address some aspects of code reuse in this kind of informal, evolving environment. These techniques build upon characteristics found in many visual programming languages. Using these techniques, our approach is able to eliminate the special work traditionally required of the producer, while still supporting the consumer's reuse efforts within these immature, evolving repositories.
Raman scattering and transverse effective charge of MOCVD-grown GaN films between 78 and 870 K (1999)

First-order Raman scattering of a hexagonal GaN film is studied in the temperature range T = 78–870 K. The temperature dependence of its five Raman modes is obtained, where both the line width and Raman shift exhibit a quadratic dependence on temperature in our measured temperature range. Excellent agreement was obtained between the experimental data and the calculated results based on a model involving three-phonon and four-phonon coupling. In addition, the splitting between the longitudinal-optical (LO) and transverse-optical (TO) phonons was found to decrease with increasing temperature. From these data, a weak non-linear decrease of the transverse effective charge with increasing temperature is derived. Comparison of the transverse effective charge eT* at room temperature was made between experimental data and theoretical calculations by a pseudopotential expression and bond orbital model (BOM). Good agreement between theory and experiment was achieved. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
System design for a wide‐color‐gamut TV‐sized AMOLED display (2007)

Abstract— By using current technology, it is possible to design and fabricate performance‐competitive TV‐sized AMOLED displays. In this paper, the system design considerations are described that lead to the selection of the device architecture (including a stacked white OLED‐emitting unit), the backplane technology [an amorphous Si (a‐Si) backplane with compensation for TFT degradation], and module design (for long life and low cost). The resulting AMOLED displays will meet performance and lifetime requirements, and will be manufacturing cost‐competitive for TV applications. A high‐performance 14‐in. AMOLED display was fabricated by using an in‐line OLED deposition machine to demonstrate some of these approaches. The chosen OLED technologies are scalable to larger glass substrate sizes compatible with existing a‐Si backplane fabs.
[14]Annulenequinones with Anthraquinone Periphery: “Isopyrenequinone” (1991)

Anthraquinone can cope with the insertion of a CC unit into the interior of the molecule! This is demonstrated by the synthesis of the copper-colored pigment “isopyrenequinone” (1), which, according to spectral and structural data, is not a heptafulvalene derivative, but must be regarded as a resonance hybrid with tropylium mesomeric structures. Compound 1 can be reversibly converted into the nonplanar bridged [14]annulenequinone 2.
Peptides Form Stereoselective Complexes with Chiral Polymers (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTPeptides Form Stereoselective Complexes with Chiral PolymersJoram Slager, Yachin Cohen, Rafail Khalfin, Yeshayahu Talmon, and Abraham J. DombView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Campus Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel Cite this: Macromolecules 2003, 36, 9, 2999–3000Publication Date (Web):April 1, 2003Publication History Received21 October 2002Revised21 January 2003Published online1 April 2003Published inissue 1 May 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma025753fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma025753frapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views581Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Microparticles,Nanoparticles,Peptides and proteins,Polymers,X-ray scattering Get e-Alerts
Direct observation of waveguide fabrication in KGd(WO<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf> by carbon irradiation (2006)

We report the direct observation of waveguides formed in KGd(WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> by microreflectivity measurements. Results show a sharp step in refractive index as well as other index variations previously not detected by the m-line technique.