gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of TLR-4-Related Inflammatory Pathway and Anti-Fibrosis Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Purple Sweet Potato Yogurt in Hearts of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2013)

Inflammation plays an important role in triggering fibrosis of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has hypotensive effect; GABA concentration could be enhanced in milk fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This study evaluated the effect of probiotic-fermented purple sweet potato yogurt (PSPY) on the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-related inflammatory components, and on fibrosis in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). TLR4-related pathway and fibrosis-associated proteins TGFbeta and FGF2 were significantly increased in SHR hearts, but were highly suppressed in 10% PSPY-fed rats. Microscopic examination with Masson trichrome staining of left ventricle further demonstrated that 10% and 100% PSPY both significantly reduced interstitial fibrosis in SHR hearts. These findings indicated that oral administration of 10% probiotic-fermented PSPY was strong enough to lower cardiac fibrosis in SHR rats through the suppression of TLR-4-related inflammatory pathway. Therefore, PSPY may be included in diets to help prevent cardiac fibrosis in patients with hypertension.
Interactions of disulfide‐deficient selenocysteine analogs of μ‐conotoxin BuIIIB with the α‐subunit of the voltage‐gated sodium channel subtype 1.3 (2014)

Inhibitors of the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.3 (NaV 1.3) are of interest as pharmacological tools for the study of neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury and have potential therapeutic applications. The recently described μ-conotoxin BuIIIB (μ-BuIIIB) from Conus bullatus was shown to block NaV 1.3 with submicromolar potency (Kd = 0.2 μm), making it one of the most potent peptidic inhibitors of this subtype described to date. However, oxidative folding of μ-BuIIIB results in numerous folding isoforms, making it difficult to obtain sufficient quantities of the active form of the peptide for detailed structure-activity studies. In the present study, we report the synthesis and characterization of μ-BuIIIB analogs incorporating a disulfide-deficient, diselenide-containing scaffold designed to simplify synthesis and facilitate structure-activity studies directed at identifying amino acid residues involved in NaV 1.3 blockade. Our results indicate that, similar to other μ-conotoxins, the C-terminal residues (Trp16, Arg18 and His20) are most crucial for NaV 1 blockade. At the N-terminus, replacement of Glu3 by Ala resulted in an analog with an increased potency for NaV 1.3 (Kd = 0.07 μm), implicating this position as a potential site for modification for increased potency and/or selectivity. Further examination of this position showed that increased negative charge, through γ-carboxyglutamate replacement, decreased potency (Kd = 0.33 μm), whereas replacement with positively-charged 2,4-diamonobutyric acid increased potency (Kd = 0.036 μm). These results provide a foundation for the design and synthesis of μ-BuIIIB-based analogs with increased potency against NaV 1.3.
Dopaminergic modulation of the persistence of one-trial hippocampus-dependent memory (2006)

The persistence of new memory traces in the hippocampus, encoded following appropriate activation of glutamatergic receptors and the induction of synaptic plasticity, can be influenced by heterosynaptic activation of neuromodulatory brain systems. We therefore investigated the effects of a hippocampus-specific blockade of dopamine D1/D5 receptors on the persistence of spatial memory encoded in one trial using a delayed matching-to-place (DMP) task in a watermaze in which rats learn a new escape location each day. A within-subjects design was used such that both short (20 min) and long (6 h) retention intervals, and both drug (SCH23390, a D1/D5 receptor antagonist) and vehicle (aCSF) infusions were tested on different days in the same animals. Bilateral intrahippocampal infusion of SCH23390 (5 microg in 1 microL per side) prior to trial 1 (encoding) caused a differential impairment as a function of memory delay-with no effect during trial 2 (memory retrieval) after a 20-min interval, but a block of memory at 6 h. Further experiments revealed that infusion of SCH23390 immediately after trial 1 had no effect on retention 6 h later, and the poor memory seen at long retention intervals when the drug was present at encoding was not due to a state-dependent failure of retrieval. These results suggest that activation of D1/D5 receptors during memory encoding is necessary for the formation of a persistent memory trace in the hippocampus. The complementary effects of D1/D5 receptor blockade on the persistence of LTP and the duration of memory are consistent with the idea that changes in synaptic strength underlie memory.
Band-level control for high-performance colloidal quantum-dot LED (2010)

Here we report hybrid organic/inorganic quantum-dot LED with high-performance. Use of sol-gel TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as electron transport layer allows the device to be fabricated with all-solution process and have more efficient energy band structure for carrier injection and confinement. Quantum dot layer was crosslinked and thermally annealed to enhance the device performance. Quantum dot crosslinking not only made all-solution process feasible but also enhanced hole injection by shifting valance band of 0.3~0.6 eV, resulting in better charge balance. The degree of band-level shift depends on the asymmetric adsorption of ligand which might cause the dipole alignment of QD layer through the hole transport. The resulting device showed a high luminance (>;10,000 cd/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), low turn on voltage (1.9 V), and the high power efficiency (2.41 lm/W). Incorporation of the technology into a display device with an active matrix drive backplane for the first time suggests that the approach is promising for high performance, easy-to-fabricate, large area displays and illumination sources.
Beurre ou margarine (2001)

Les acides gras transisomeriques des huiles vegetales ou de poisson partiellement hydrogenees augmentent les taux de LDL et diminuent les taux de HDL cholesterol lorsqu'elles sont consommees en grande quantite. Le profil lipoproteinique qui en resulte est suspecte d'entrainer un accroissement du risque de maladies coronariennes. Les resultats des rares etudes epidemiologiques a ce sujet sont quelque peu contradictoires, mais ceux de plusieurs etudes prospectives suggerent un risque moderement accru chez les personnes ayant la consommation d'acides gras transisomeriques la plus forte. Les resultats que viennent de publier Oomen et al. vont dans le meme sens. En 1985, au debut de l'etude, la consommation moyenne d'acides gras transisomeriques de ce groupe de hollandais de plus de 64 ans representait 4,3 % de leur apport energetique total, ce qui est nettement plus eleve que les 0,5 a 2,1 % rapportes dans 14 autres pays d'Europe ou les 2,6 % des Etats-Unis. Les sujets etaient donc exposes a des quantites exceptionnellement elevees d'acides gras transisomeriques alimentaires durant la periode initiale de l'etude, quantites qui ont beaucoup decru en 10 ans (puisqu'elle s'est retrouvee a 1,9 % en 1995). Une augmentation des apports alimentaires d'acides gras transisomeriques de 2 % de l'apport energetique total etait associee a une augmentation de 25 % du risque de maladie coronarienne, resultat comparable a celui rapporte dans les etudes anterieures. Il faut avoir conscience cependant du fait que 2 % de l'apport energetique en acides gras transisomeriques represente plus que l'apport total courant de ces acides gras dans la plupart des pays europeens. L'idee generale que l'on en retire est qu'un apport vraiment tres important en acides gras transisomeriques semble effectivement nocif, mais que les effets d'un apport moyen ou faible paraissent contrebalances par les benefices de l'apport concommittant en acides gras cis-insatures.Oomen C.M., et al. 2001. Association between transfatty acid intake and 10-year risk of coronary heart disease in the Zutphen Elderly Study : a prospective population-based study. Lancet 357 : 746-751.
Selective Molecular Sieving in Self‐Standing Porous Covalent‐Organic‐Framework Membranes (2016)

Self-standing, flexible, continuous, and crack-free covalent-organic-framework membranes (COMs) are fabricated via a simple, scalable, and highly cost-effective methodology. The COMs show long-term durability, recyclability, and retain their structural integrity in water, organic solvents, and mineral acids. COMs are successfully used in challenging separation applications and recovery of valuable active pharmaceutical ingredients from organic solvents.
Cell Motion in a Two-Stream Microfluidic Channel (2009)

Microfluidic channels have been proposed as a method for removal of cryoprotective agents from cell suspensions [Fleming, Longmire, and Hubel, J. Biomech. Eng. 129, 703 (2007)]. The device tested consists of a rectangular cross section channel of 500 μm depth, 25 mm width, and 160 mm length, through which a cell suspension and wash stream flow in parallel. Cryoprotective agents diffuse from the cell stream to the wash stream and the wash stream is discarded. The washed cell stream is then ready for use. This device must be capable of removing 95% of the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) from the cell stream with minimal cell losses. Our previous studies have demonstrated our ability to remove DMSO [Mata, Longmire, McKenna, Glass, and Hubel, Microfluid. Nanofluid. 5, 529 (2008)]. The next phase of the investigation involves characterizing the influence of flow conditions on cell motion through the device. To that end, Jurkat cells (lymphoblasts) in a 10% DMSO solution were flowed through the microfluidic channel in parallel with a wash stream composed of phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS). Average cell stream velocities were varied from 0.94 to 8.5 mm/s (Re 1.7 to 6.0). Cell viability at the outlet was high, indicating that cells are not damaged during their passage through the device. Gravitational settling caused an accumulation of cells near the bottom of the channel, where flow velocities are low. Cell settling leads results in an initial transient period for cell motion through the device. For the initial portion of cells flowing through the device, cells tend to accumulate in the device until a critical device population time is reached. Cell recovery (number of cells out of the device divided by the number of cells input to the device) is high (90–100%) after the device has been fully populated. For a single stage device with average cell stream velocities of ⩾6 mm/s, cell recovery was 90–100%. As more stages are added to the device, the population time for the device increases. Gravitational settling of cells also leads to a time-varying cell concentration from the input syringe to the inlet of the channel, as well as cell losses due to cells remaining in the horizontally-oriented syringe. Reorienting the syringes to a vertical position eliminates these losses. Cell motion within the channel can be modulated by the flow conditions used. For sufficiently high Reynolds numbers, the Segre-Silberberg effect [Segre and Silberberg, J. Fluid Mech. 14, 115 (1962)] can be used to move cells from the low velocity region of the cell stream to a higher velocity region thereby reducing the transient portion of processing the cells and improving overall recovery of cells through the device.
Highly dispersive photonic crystal waveguides and their applications in optical modulators and true-time delay lines (2006)

An ultra-compact silicon electro-optic modulator was experimentally demonstrated based on highly dispersive silicon photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides. Modulation operation was demonstrated by carrier injection into an 80 &mu;m-long silicon PhC waveguide of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure. The &#960; phase shift driving current, <i>I</i><sub>&#960;</sub>, across the active region is as low as 0.15 mA, which is equivalent to a <i>V</i><sub>&#960;</sub> of 7.5 mV when a 50 &Omega; impedance-matched structure is applied. The modulation depth is 92%. Highly dispersive PhC fibers were previously proposed to reduce the payload of true-time delay (TTD) modules for phased-array antenna (PAA) systems. The payload reduction factor is proportional to the enhanced dispersion of highly dispersive PhC fibers. An ultra-large dispersion of -1.1×10<sup>4</sup> ps/nm&bull;km with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 40 nm was numerically simulated from a dual core PhC fibers. The payload reduction factor of the TTD module is as high as 110 compared to that using conventional dispersion compensation fibers (D = -100 ps/nm&bull;km).
Analyses of SRS waste glass buried in granite in Sweden and salt in the United States (1991)

Simulated Savannah River Site (SRS) waste glass forms have been buried in the granite geology of the Stirpa mine in Sweden for two years. Analyses of glass surfaces provided a measure of the performance of the waste glasses as a function of time. Similar SRS waste glass compositions have also been buried in salt at the WIPP facility in Carlsbad, New Mexico for a similar time period. Analyses of the SRS waste glasses buried in-situ in granite will be presented and compared to the performance of these same compositions buried in salt at WIPP.
A CMOS VLSI chip for filtering of TV pictures in two dimensions (1986)

Low-cost digital transmission of color TV signals over the channels of a future broad-band network (Integrated Services Digital Network, or ISDN) requires data reduction by digital low-pass filters. Low-pass filtering of a TV picture amounts to process pixels which are adjacent in either the horizontal or vertical direction. For this purpose, the pixels must be stored in a delay unit. A VLSI chip with a delay unit is reported that is based on a resettable first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory and a pipelined arithmetic unit. The FIFO concept starts from a three-transistor cell array which is accessed by a pointer and customized to a FIFO memory by suitable second-layer metal wiring. Rather than cascade registers, the FIFO memory can be adapted to different standards by the reset signal for the pointer. The approach results in a regular compact design (80-kbit transistors, 31 mm/SUP 2/). An experimental chip fabricated with 1.5-/spl mu/m CMOS technology operates up to 22 MHz (typical values). A data stream of 22/spl times/32 Mb/s is exchanged between the memory and the arithmetic basic unit.
Peripheral Blood Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Tuberculosis Patients and Healthy Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Exposed Controls (2020)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-related 1-restrictied MAIT cells are detected at similar levels with tetramers or surface markers. Unlike MHC-restricted T cells, blood frequencies of MAIT cells are poor correlates of TB disease but may play a role in pathophysiology.
<title>Powerful inspection and metrology tool for micro- and nanofabrication</title> (1995)

In this paper, a metrology for micro- and nanofabrication process has been implemented using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Deep submicron patterning on wafer and chromium photomask were done using well established e-beam direct write technology and evaluated using AFM. A fine pitch control method was proposed to fabricate grating pitch mask for the pitch measurement of AFM. It can finely control the grating pitch to 1 nm, less than the most pattern data unit (5 nm) used in electron beam lithography. AFM is a powerful metrology tool for deep submicron process. AFM was employed as an inspection tool for the evidence of the existence of quantum dots on the GaAs substrate, the quantum dots or islands can be inspected clearly. Good performance is obtained.
Characterizing Intermediates Along the Transition from Polyproline I to Polyproline II Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (2014)

Polyproline exists predominately as the all-cis polyproline I (PPI) helix in aliphatic alcohols, whereas the all-trans polyproline II (PPII) helix is favored in aqueous solutions. Previous ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) work demonstrates that the gas-phase conformations of polyproline ions can be related to the corresponding PPI and PPII helices in solution [J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 4885]. Here, we use IMS-MS to examine the detailed intermediate steps associated with the process of Polyproline-13 (Pro13) conversion from the PPI helix to the PPII helix upon solvent exchange. Collision cross section distributions of Pro13 [M + 2H](2+) ions obtained at different transition times indicate the presence of two major conformers, identified as the PPI and PPII helices, and six conformers that appear as subpopulations of polyproline. Further analysis shows a transition mechanism with sequential cis-trans isomerizations followed by a parallel process to establish PPII and two smaller subpopulations at equilibrium. Temperature-dependent studies are used to obtain Arrhenius activation parameters for each step of the mechanism, and molecular dynamics simulations provide insight about the structures of the intermediates. It appears that prolines sequentially flip from cis to trans starting from the N-terminus. However, after the first few transitions, possible steps take place at the center of the peptide chain; subsequently, several pathways appear to be accessible at the same time. Our results reflect the existence of stable subpopulations in polyprolines and provide new insight into the structural changes during the transition process of polyproline peptides converting from PPI to PPII in aqueous solution.
Strain induced changes in magnetization of amorphous Co95Zr5 based multiferroic heterostructures (2013)

A clear change in the magnetic anisotropy in a layer of amorphous Co95Zr5 is obtained at the orthorhombic phase transition of the BaTiO3 substrate. The use of an amorphous buffer layer between the ferroelectric substrate and amorphous magnetic film shows that bulk strain governs the change in the magnetic anisotropy of our ferromagnetic-ferroelectric heterostructure. Moreover, we show that the thermal magnetization curves exhibit anisotropic behavior.
NONINVASIVE QUANTTTATION OF MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION BY MRI (1996)

Atalav, Michael K.; Reeder, Scott B.; McVeigh, Elliot R; Zerhouni, Elias A; Forder, John R. Author Information
Electrically conductive thermosetting resins containing low concentrations of carbon black (2000)

A cured vinyl ester resin containing electrically conductive carbon black (CB) particles shows electrical percolation at very low CB concentration (<0.5 phr). CB particles have a strong tendency to agglomerate in a low-viscosity resin, such as vinyl ester, unsaturated polyester resin, and epoxy resins. The agglomeration process in the low-viscosity vinyl ester resin generates electrically conductive paths already in the resin's liquid state, which undergo partial fixation by room temperature curing and full fixation by hot postcuring. The fully cured castings containing CB concentrations above percolation are characterized by a constant, temperature-independent conductivity, over a wide temperature range. The current–voltage relationships of the cured vinyl ester/CB castings obey a power-law dependency. The presence of the continuous CB paths in the vinyl ester casting is clearly observed in fracture surfaces formed at 100°C. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1165–1170, 2000
Synthesis and activity of 3-(isoxazolin-5-yl)- and 3-(isoxazol-4-yl) cephalosporins. (1992)

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxide with 3-vinylcephalosporin provided diastereomeric isomers of 3-(isoxazolin-5-yl)cephalosporin. Cycloaddition of nitrile oxide with 3-(dimethylamino-vinyl)cephalosporin gave 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)cephalosporin. These semisynthetic cephalosporins with an aminothiazole in the C-7 side chain showed moderate antibacterial activities.
The Combined Influence of Hemorrhage and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (I/R) on Muscle Function in Rats (2006)

During trauma, tourniquet use is preceded by significant blood loss. The purpose of the present study was to compare tourniquet (TK) induced I/R in skeletal muscle with and without prior hemorrhage (H) in muscles of predominantly different fiber types. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 3 groups (N=6/gp); 1) +H/+TK, 2) −H/+TK, and 3) –H/−TK (sham). Anesthetized rats underwent catheterization of the left carotid artery prior to treatment. +H/+TK and +H/−TK rats were hemorrhaged (33% of total volume) followed immediately by 4 hr. TK application. Isometric measurements were made 2 weeks later on the predominantly fast-twitch Plantaris muscle and predominantly slow-twitch Soleus muscle. Results Peak Tetanic Tension (Po) – Percent of Sham Conclusion 1) TK results in reduction in absolute and specific Po which is greater in the Plantaris; 2) H prior to TK exacerbated the loss of Po (N, N/cm²) in the Plantaris but not the Soleus; 3) H prior to TK selectively affects fast-twitch muscle.
<title>Improvement of detection in computed radiography by new single-exposure dual-energy subtraction</title> (1992)

It is reported that the use of the dual-energy subtraction method enhances the abnormal shadow detection capability. However, as the subtracted image is significantly inferior to the original in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the x ray dosage normally used for chest x rays has not yielded subtracted images with adequate SNRs. Under these circumstances, we have concentrated on the fact that there is a correlation between the noise contents of bone and soft- tissue subtracted images although there is no correlation between the signal contents of these images. We now propose an algorithm that improves SNRs of subtraction images by reducing the noise only.
Time-varying effects and averaging issues in models for current-mode control (1997)

This paper investigates issues in modeling of current-mode control in converters. The effects of the current-sampling intrinsic to current-mode control are analyzed, and inadequately recognized limitations of linear time-invariant (LTI) models at high frequencies (where the system behavior is time-varying) are exposed. The paper also examines the geometric methods used to derive duty-ratio constraints in averaged models of current-mode control and points out the sources of discrepancies among various models. The conclusions are supported by simulation and experimental results.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ionic Liquids (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Methods and References from Interactions between Adipocytes and Breast Cancer Cells Stimulate Cytokine Production and Drive Src/Sox2/miR-302b–Mediated Malignant Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study. Also includes Supplementary References.&lt;/p&gt;
Dielectric Property and Electronic Structure of LaNbO4 (2005)

Powder samples of lanthanum niobate demonstrated a dielectric anomaly at ≈500°C in both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss when the applied field frequency was 1000 kHz. They were transparent in the visible region, and exhibited a blue emission centered at 3 eV. The first-principles electronic structure computation for lanthanum niobate with both the monoclinic and tetragonal crystal structures revealed that lower conduction bands are mostly composed of Nb 4d 3 z 2 -1 and x 2 - y 2 orbitals and their hybridization with oxygen p-orbitals is weak.