gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction Optimization, Characterization, and Antioxidant Capacity of Phenolics from Cowpeas ( Vigna Unguiculata ) (2022)

ABSTRACT Ethanol-water extraction of phenolics from cowpeas was modeled and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The ethanol concentration and extraction temperature were shown to have a significant effect on phenolic extraction and antioxidant capacity. Modeling predicted that extraction of phenolics from cowpea flour for 42.8 minutes at 58.6°C with 58.4% ethanol would maximize the radical scavenging capacity of solutes. Extraction of phenolics under these optimized conditions yielded 11.05 ± 0.10 mg chlorogenic acid equivalents (CAE)/g cowpea flour. These extracts contained 10.41 % ± 0.11% phenolics by weight and had an antioxidant capacity of 0.45 ± 0.02, closely approximating the predicted phenolic content of 10.11% ± 0.44% and antioxidant capacity of 0.42 ± 0.04. Extracted material was characterized by HPLC, and the predominant phenolic compounds detected were epicatechin and ferulic acid. Cowpea’s low cost, ease of storage, and high antioxidant capacity reflect their potential for use as a naturally-derived antioxidant additive in foods.
Critical Pressure for Arterial Wall Rupture in Major Human Cerebral Arteries (2013)

Human cerebral arterial wall breaks only at extremely high intravascular pressures, exceeding several times the highest observed systolic blood pressure, even accounting for age trends. Systolic hypertension alone may not be sufficient to cause intracranial hemorrhage, and there may be additional contributing factors.
High Therapeutic Efficacy of a New Survivin LSP-Cancer Vaccine Containing CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Epitopes (2018)

The efficacy of an antitumoral vaccine relies both on the choice of the antigen targeted and on its design. The tumor antigen survivin is an attractive target to develop therapeutic cancer vaccines because of its restricted over-expression and vital functions in most human tumors. Accordingly, several clinical trials targeting survivin in various cancer indications have been conducted. Most of them relied on short peptide-based vaccines and showed promising, but limited clinical results. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy of a new long synthetic peptide (LSP)-based cancer vaccine targeting the tumor antigen survivin (SVX). This SVX vaccine is composed of three long synthetic peptides containing several CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell epitopes, which bind to various HLA class II and class I molecules. Studies in healthy individuals showed CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell immunogenicity of SVX peptides in human, irrespective of the individual's HLA types. Importantly, high frequencies of spontaneous T-cell precursors specific to SVX peptides were also detected in the blood of various cancer patients, demonstrating the absence of tolerance against these peptides. We then demonstrated SVX vaccine's high therapeutic efficacy against four different established murine tumor models, associated with its capacity to generate both specific cytotoxic CD8<sup>+</sup> and multifunctional Th1 CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses. When tumors were eradicated, generated memory T-cell responses protected against rechallenge allowing long-term protection against relapses. Treatment with SVX vaccine was also found to reshape the tumor microenvironment by increasing the tumor infiltration of both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells but not Treg cells therefore tipping the balance toward a highly efficient immune response. These results highlight that this LSP-based SVX vaccine appears as a promising cancer vaccine and warrants its further clinical development.
Nanopharmaceuticals in Alveolar Bone and Periodontal Regeneration (2022)

This review provides an overview of emerging nanotechnology-based approaches for alveolar bone and periodontal regeneration. Modern bio-fabrication strategies allow for the assembly of micro/nanoconstructs with biomimetic architectures and physical properties suitable both as bone graft substitutes and as nanodelivery systems. These constructs have been developed using polymers, ceramics, resins, bioactive agents, and nanoparticles. Novel nanotechnology-based scaffolds and carriers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, nanofibres, and nanofillers, provide promising clinical approaches to target the regeneration of dental tissues, including dentin, cementum, and periodontal ligament. Nanoapatite mineral scaffolds have shown great promise in delivering bioactive agents, such as metformin, and stem cells to stimulate alveolar bone and periodontal regeneration. Recent studies show the potential to incorporate calcium phosphate nanoparticles into dental resins for the delivery of bioactive agents to stimulate pulpal and periodontal ligament stem cells. These cutting-edge researches in stem cell technology, therapeutic and nanostructured scaffolds, and nanopharmaceuticals and bioactive agents are highly promising for periodontal regeneration and tissue engineering in the oral and maxillofacial areas.
Interference Mitigation Framework for Cellular Mobile Radio Networks (2013)

For today's cellular mobile communication networks, the needed capacity is hard to realize without much more of (expensive) bandwidth. Thus new standards like LTE were developed. LTE advanced is in discussion as the successor of LTE and cooperative multipoint transmission (CoMP) is one of the hot topics to increase the system's capacity. System simulations often show only weak gains of the signal-to-interference ratio due to high interference from noncooperating cells in the downlink. This paper presents an interference mitigation framework to overcome the hardest issue, that is, the low penetration rate of mobile stations that can be served from a cluster composed of their strongest cells in the network. The results obtained from simulation tools are discussed with values resulting from testbed on the TU Dresden. They show that the theoretical ideas can be transferred into gains on real systems.
Postmortem quantitative MRI disentangles histological lesion types in multiple sclerosis (2022)

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) probes the microstructural properties of the central nervous system (CNS) by providing biophysical measures of tissue characteristics. In this work, we aimed to (i) identify qMRI measures that distinguish histological lesion types in postmortem multiple sclerosis (MS) brains, especially the remyelinated ones; and to (ii) investigate the relationship between those measures and quantitative histological markers of myelin, axons, and astrocytes in the same experimental setting. Three fixed MS whole brains were imaged with qMRI at 3T to obtain magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), myelin water fraction (MWF), quantitative T1 (qT1), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) maps. The identification of lesion types (active, inactive, chronic active, or remyelinated) and quantification of tissue components were performed using histological staining methods as well as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Pairwise logistic and LASSO regression models were used to identify the best qMRI discriminators of lesion types. The association between qMRI and quantitative histological measures was performed using Spearman's correlations and linear mixed-effect models. We identified a total of 65 lesions. MTR and MWF best predicted the chance of a lesion to be remyelinated, whereas RD and QSM were useful in the discrimination of active lesions. The measurement of microstructural properties through qMRI did not show any difference between chronic active and inactive lesions. MWF and RD were associated with myelin content in both lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), FA was the measure most associated with axon content in both locations, while MWF was associated with astrocyte immunoreactivity only in lesions. Moreover, we provided evidence of extensive astrogliosis in remyelinated lesions. Our study provides new information on the discriminative power of qMRI in differentiating MS lesions -especially remyelinated ones- as well as on the relative association between multiple qMRI measures and myelin, axon and astrocytes.
Exploiting Spatial Channel Covariance for Hybrid Precoding in Massive MIMO Systems (2017)

We propose a new hybrid precoding technique for massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems using spatial channel covariance matrices in the analog precoder design. Applying a regularized zero-forcing precoder for the baseband precoding matrix, we find an unconstrained analog precoder that maximizes signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR) while ignoring analog phase shifter constraints. Subsequently, we develop a technique to design a constrained analog precoder that mimics the obtained unconstrained analog precoder under phase shifter constraints. The main idea is to adopt an additional baseband precoding matrix, which we call a compensation matrix. We analyze the SLNR loss due to the proposed hybrid precoding compared to fully digital precoding, and determine which factors have a significant impact on this loss. In the simulations, we show that if the channel is spatially correlated and the number of users is smaller than the number of RF chains, the SLNR loss becomes negligible compared to fully digital precoding. The main benefit of our method stems from the use of spatial channel matrices in such a way that not only is each user's desired signal considered, but also the inter-user interference is incorporated in the analog precoder design.
Book Review: Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBook Review: Dictionary of Organometallic CompoundsRichard SchrockCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 3, 607Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online8 January 2004Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00134a605https://doi.org/10.1021/om00134a605research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression profiles of carcinosarcoma of the uterine corpus—are these similar to carcinoma or sarcoma? (2011)

Uterine carcinosarcoma (CS) is usually classified as uterine endometrial carcinoma (EC). However, CS is more aggressive even compared with high grade EC. CS is also reported to undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we compared the gene expression profiles of CS, EC, and uterine sarcoma (US) and evaluated the role of EMT and chromosomal aberrations in CS tumor formation. Frozen tissues of 46 patients (14 CS, 24 EC, and 8 US) were included. The similarity was examined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Fisher's exact test, and clustering using "intrinsic gene set". We examined the expression of 39 EMT-related genes and evaluated TGF-beta signaling by phospho-SMAD2/3 (p-SMAD2/3) staining. Chromosomal regions differing between CS and EC were identified by chromosomal GSEA and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) microarrays. Three statistical methods confirmed that CS resembled US rather than EC. Acquired markers of EMT were upregulated and attenuated markers of EMT were downregulated in CS. Immunohistochemistry showed that carcinomatous region of CS have higher expression of p-SMAD2/3 than EC (P = 0.008). Chromosomal GSEA showed that genes located at 19q13 had higher expression in CS. Furthermore, CGH microarray indicated that the TGFB1 locus at 19q13.1 was amplified in 4 of 7 samples. Based on the expression profile, CS resembles US rather than EC. TGF-beta signaling is activated in CS and chromosomal gains at 19q13, which includes the TGFB1 locus, suggest that this may contribute to high expression of TGF-beta and thereby EMT phenotype of CS.
A New Approach for Stage 2 Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (2022)

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (AAFD) is a common progressive pathology that mainly affects patients after their 50s. Even though it is not clear yet what causes AAFD, the great majority of patients have their talonavicular (TN) joint sub dislocated in one or more planes. According to the severity of the deformity and its flexibility, different surgical procedures can be performed to realign the foot. The deformities usually happen around the TN joint, making it the center of rotation and angulation (CORA). Corrections on the CORA realign deformities in different planes and his concept can be applied to mostly any deformity. The objective of this study is to evaluate clinically and radiographically patients with stage 2 AAFD submitted to isolated TN fusion. Methods: Fifty-four patients (59 feet) from July 2013 to December 2019 with stage 2 AAFD were submitted to isolated TN fusion. All patients had clinical deformity and arch foot collapse associated with pain along the medial hindfoot. Weight-bearing x- rays were performed pre-operatively, the Meary's and calcaneal pitch angles were measured on lateral view and the Talar coverage and Simmon's angle were measured on antero-posterior view. Angles were measured by a fully trained foot and ankle surgeon. Post-operative measurements were done with the same set of images by the same surgeon, one month after the initial measurements. FAAM and VR12 were used to compare patient's clinical status. Patients with previous surgeries on the foot or ankle and patients submitted to other fusions or hindfoot osteotomies were excluded from the study. Gastrocnemius lengthening and toes corrections were not an exclusion criterion. Results: Thirty-seven females and seventeen males were evaluated with a mean age 61 years at the time of surgery. Only the FAAM score significantly improved from pre-operative (FAAM = 48.48, VR-12 Mental = 55.73, VR-12 Physical = 37.25) to most recent mean follow-up of 16.2 months (FAAM = 58.45 (p&lt;.001), VR-12 Mental = 57.19 (p=.179), VR-12 Physical = 37.53 (p=.832). The lateral view X-Rays showed Meary's and calcaneal pitch angles mean improving from 27 and 15 degrees pre-operatively to 9 and 18 degrees post operatively (p&lt;.001), whereas Front view foot X-Rays showed Talo-Naviciular coverage angle and Simmon's angle going from 35 and 20 degrees to 5 and 6 degrees respectively (p&lt;.001) Conclusion: Isolated talonavicular fusion can correct the deformity on its multiple planes providing not only significant improvement on radiographic alignment but also the FAAM clinical outcome score. Comparative studies should be performed to determine which is the best technique for patients with stage 2 AAFD.
On the pathophysiology of intestinal ischemic injury. Clinical review. (1987)

Intestinal ischemia induces a spectrum of injury from relatively subtle changes in mucosal capillary permeability to gross transmural infarction depending on severity and duration. There is basically two events that can induce intestinal tissue injury in ischemic states, namely hypoxia during the ischemic period and generation of oxygen free radicals following ischemia at reperfusion. In this paper we review data indicating that there is a continuum of injury from the least to the most severe, and by approaching the problem from this perspective we have, in addition, tentatively defined the roles of the two mechanisms in the development of various degrees of intestinal ischemic tissue injury.
Where Did the Revenues Go? Or What Goes Up... (2004)

Between fiscal year 2000 and fiscal year 2003, federal revenues fell by $243 billion, putting them at their lowest level relative to GDP in over 40 years. The decline in revenues came after a period of rapidly rising revenues between 1994 and 2000. This paper looks at the sources of the decline in revenues in the last three fiscal years and contrasts them with the sources that contributed to the rise in revenues in the previous six years. Individual income tax receipts explain much of the rise and fall in the last nine years. Differences in aggregate economic growth explain some of the difference in revenue growth between the two periods. The differences in aggregate economic growth were reinforced by the fact that receipts grew more quickly than the aggregate economy in the first period and declined more quickly in the latter period. Rapid growth in tax return incomes and an increase in the share of income taxed at higher marginal tax rates explain much of the rise in personal income tax receipts relative to the economy in the first period. A reversal of these trends along with tax cuts enacted after 2000 explain much of the decline in the latter period.
Fabrication of fluorescent carbon nanodots from laboratory paper waste for Fe3+ ions detection (2021)

In this study, we fabricated non-toxic, highly stable, eco-friendly carbon nanodots (CD) from laboratory paper waste through a facile synthetic approach. The paper waste was converted to carbon by thermal decomposition. The carbon powder obtained was dispersed in acid using a sonication process. Subsequently, the CD was separated by centrifugation and filtration. The morphological properties of the prepared CD were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical behavior of the CD was assessed using a UV–vis and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The AFM results clearly indicated that the CD had a spherical shape and sizes of ∼3–10 nm. The CD exhibited excitation-dependent photoluminescence. Finally, we assessed the metal ion selectivity of the paper waste derived CD, and utilized it as a fluorescent probe to detect Fe3+ ions. This CD fabrication approach is sustainable, cheap, and uses a renewable precursor. It also may enable the valorization of laboratory paper waste to high-value products.
The Homologous Tripartite Viral RNA Polymerase of A/Swine/Korea/CT1204/2009(H1N2) Influenza Virus Synergistically Drives Efficient Replication and Promotes Respiratory Droplet Transmission in Ferrets (2013)

We previously reported that influenza A/swine/Korea/1204/2009(H1N2) virus was virulent and transmissible in ferrets in which the respiratory-droplet-transmissible virus (CT-Sw/1204) had acquired simultaneous hemagglutinin (HAD225G) and neuraminidase (NAS315N) mutations. Incorporating these mutations into the nonpathogenic A/swine/Korea/1130/2009(H1N2, Sw/1130) virus consequently altered pathogenicity and growth in animal models but could not establish efficient transmission or noticeable disease. We therefore exploited various reassortants of these two viruses to better understand and identify other viral factors responsible for pathogenicity, transmissibility, or both. We found that possession of the CT-Sw/1204 tripartite viral polymerase enhanced replicative ability and pathogenicity in mice more significantly than did expression of individual polymerase subunit proteins. In ferrets, homologous expression of viral RNA polymerase complex genes in the context of the mutant Sw/1130 carrying the HA225G and NA315N modifications induced optimal replication in the upper nasal and lower respiratory tracts and also promoted efficient aerosol transmission to respiratory droplet contact ferrets. These data show that the synergistic function of the tripartite polymerase gene complex of CT-Sw/1204 is critically important for virulence and transmission independent of the surface glycoproteins. Sequence comparison results reveal putative differences that are likely to be responsible for variation in disease. Our findings may help elucidate previously undefined viral factors that could expand the host range and disease severity induced by triple-reassortant swine viruses, including the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, and therefore further justify the ongoing development of novel antiviral drugs targeting the viral polymerase complex subunits.
Fast Matching Algorithms for Repetitive Optimization: An Application to Switch Scheduling (2006)

Scheduling in an input buffered switch can be viewed as repeated matching (corresponding to once every time slot) in a bipartite graph. It has been shown that scheduling algorithms based on maximum weight matching (MWM) with queue-lengths as the weights, leads to excellent performance in terms of throughput and delay. However, computing MWM using a strongly polynomial time algorithm requires O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) operations in an ntimesn switch. The main motivation for this paper comes from the following two observations: (1) The weights of edges (packets in buffer) change only a little between successive time slots, thus changing the weight of the MWM only by a small amount; (2) Under MWM algorithm, the average queue-sizes are small. The main difficulty in utilizing these properties comes from the fact that small changes in weights can change the matching arbitrarily, thus making it hard for current popular algorithms to compute an MWM quickly using the information from past (or memory). In this paper, we develop an algorithm based on the algorithm of Cunningham and Marsh that uses the above two properties in order to to find the new MWM quickly. Specifically, for an n port input-queued switch, i.e. a switch with n inputs and n outputs, our algorithm finds MWM in O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) operations using past information. We believe that the incremental nature of our algorithm may be useful in the context of other applications.
LED beam shaping lens based on the near-field illumination (2009)

This paper presents a novel method in near-field beam shaping based on the precise optical modeling of a gallium nitride light-emitting diode (GaN LED). A Monte Carlo ray tracing simulation has been utilized to calculate the spatial photon distribution near the LED's top. By analyzing the ray data in near-field, the miniaturized lens profile is created and machined with aspherical surfaces and total internal reflection (TIR) Fresnel facets. The prototype lens reduce the viewing angle of the LED from 150 degrees to 17.5 degrees at full width half maximum (FWHM) while increasing the peak luminous intensity 10 times. The array of proposed lens with CSP LEDs exhibits feasibility of ultra thin uniform illumination in near-field.