gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metagenomics as a Public Health Risk Assessment Tool in a Study of Natural Creek Sediments Influenced by Agricultural and Livestock Runoff: Potential and Limitations (2020)

Little is known about the public health risks associated with natural creek sediments that are affected by runoff and fecal pollution from agricultural and livestock practices. For instance, the persistence of foodborne pathogens such as Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC) originating from these practices remains poorly quantified. Towards closing these knowledge gaps, the water-sediment interface of two creeks in the Salinas River Valley of California was sampled over a 9-month period using metagenomics and traditional culture-based tests for STEC. Our results revealed that these sediment communities are extremely diverse and have functional and taxonomic diversity comparable to that observed in soils. With our sequencing effort (∼4 Gbp per library), we were unable to detect any pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> in the metagenomes of 11 samples that had tested positive using culture-based methods, apparently due to relatively low abundance. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the abundance of human- or cow-specific gut microbiome sequences in the downstream impacted sites compared to that in upstream more pristine (control) sites, indicating natural dilution of anthropogenic inputs. Notably, the high number of metagenomic reads carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) found in all samples was significantly higher than ARG reads in other available freshwater and soil metagenomes, suggesting that these communities may be natural reservoirs of ARGs. The work presented here should serve as a guide for sampling volumes, amount of sequencing to apply, and what bioinformatics analyses to perform when using metagenomics for public health risk studies of environmental samples such as sediments.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Current agricultural and livestock practices contribute to fecal contamination in the environment and the spread of food- and waterborne disease and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Traditionally, the level of pollution and risk to public health are assessed by culture-based tests for the intestinal bacterium <i>Escherichia coli</i> However, the accuracy of these traditional methods (e.g., low accuracy in quantification, and false-positive signal when PCR based) and their suitability for sediments remain unclear. We collected sediments for a time series metagenomics study from one of the most highly productive agricultural regions in the United States in order to assess how agricultural runoff affects the native microbial communities and if the presence of Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC) in sediment samples can be detected directly by sequencing. Our study provided important information on the potential for using metagenomics as a tool for assessment of public health risk in natural environments.
Isolation and characterization of novelS-equol-producing bacteria from brines of stinky tofu, a traditional fermented soy food in Taiwan (2013)

Six strains capable of transforming daidzein to S-equol were isolated from the fermented brines of stinky tofu purchased in Taiwan. Daidzein was completely converted into S-equol within 24h of incubation in five strains. All the strains were gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic, non-motile, and non-spore-forming. In a phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the strains distributed into three groups in the family Coriobacteriaceae. SNR40-432 (Group I) showed 98.6% 16S rRNA gene similarity and 48-49% DNA-DNA relatedness with Paraeggerthella hongkongensis HKU10(T), suggesting the possibility that SNR40-432 represents a new species in the genus Paraeggerthella. SNR48-44 (Group II) and SNR44-10, SNR45-571, SNR46-41, SNR48-350 (Group III) showed a maximum of 92.2 and 92.1% 16S rRNA gene similarities with Eggerthella sinensis HKU14(T) and Eggerthella lenta JCM9979(T), respectively, which denotes that each group may represent a novel genus and species in the family Coriobacteriaceae. This is the first report isolating equol-producing bacteria from food.
New Corrosion Inhibitor Evaluation Approach for Highly Sour Service Conditions (2009)

Abstract Sour gas production in highly sour conditions has the potential to exhibit severe corrosion in wells and flowlines within gathering systems. Often, this type of production occurs in high risk, high consequence geographical locations. Consequently, integrity management programs for these gathering systems have to be thorough and well implemented in their scope. Inhibitor qualification, as part of an integrity management program and the inhibitor development process has to include a severe enough test to adequately differentiate inhibitors. For highly sour conditions, the test needs to evaluate localized corrosion whether it is due to pitting or underdeposit conditions. This paper discusses the new sour gas test method development and its use in evaluation of localized corrosion under highly sour conditions using an autoclave set up to simulate low shear stress conditions. Inhibitors were evaluated in terms of maximum and average pit depth penetration via statistical analysis of pits depth/size distribution using an automated, high resolution vertical scanning interferometer in conjunction with an electrochemical technique that monitors for localized corrosion. An example of an inhibitor evaluation using the new test methodology was presented.
An Overview of Wide Bandgap Silicon Carbide Sensors and Electronics Development at NASA Glenn Research Center (2007)

A brief overview is presented of the sensors and electronics development work ongoing at NASA Glenn Research Center which is intended to meet the needs of future aerospace applications. Three major technology areas are discussed: 1) high temperature SiC electronics, 2) SiC gas sensor technology development, and 3) packaging of harsh environment devices. Highlights of this work include world-record operation of SiC electronic devices including 500?C JFET transistor operation with excellent properties, atomically flat SiC gas sensors integrated with an on-chip temperature detector/heater, and operation of a packaged AC amplifier. A description of the state-of-the-art is given for each topic. It is concluded that significant progress has been made and that given recent advancements the development of high temperature smart sensors is envisioned.
Answer Key (2021)

No AccessAdhesion and Adhesives TechnologyMar 2021Answer KeyAlphonsus V. PociusAlphonsus V. Pociushttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569908501.014SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2021Pages: 359-369Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-855-6eISBN: 978-1-56990-850-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2021 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Enzymatic Oxidative Polymerization of p-t-Butylphenol and Characterization of the Product Polymer (2003)

Abstract For structural control and analysis of an enzymatically synthesized polyphenol, peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of p-t-butylphenol in a mixture of polar organic solvent and phosphate buffer has been examined in detail. The resulting products were subjected to preparative HPLC. Two dimers and one trimer were isolated and their structures were determined by 1H and 13C NMR. ESI-TOF mass analysis showed the formation of two kinds of dimer and of at least four kinds of trimer. These data clearly showed that the polymer was composed of a mixture of phenylene and oxyphenylene units. The ratio of phenylene and oxyphenylene units in the product could be controlled by changing the solvent composition. The phenylene unit linearly increased as a function of the water content in the mixed solvent.
Study of Josephson-Quasiparticle Cycles in Superconducting Single-Electron Transistors (1995)

We have investigated the charge transport through superconducting single-electron transistors. With a sample which has large charging energy E c> Δ, where Δ is a superconducting energy gap of the electrodes, we studied the positions of the so-called Josephson-quasiparticle (JQP) peaks. We demonstrate that the JQP cycles coexist with the normal quasiparticle current even at the bias voltages above the Coulomb blockade threshold. Bias voltage conditions for observing these peaks are also classified for various parameter regions.
Adenovirus-human HER2 vaccine inhibits breast cancer growth and vaccine induced antibodies (VIA) are efficacious against Herceptin-refractory human breast cancer (48.32) (2007)

Abstract While HER2/neu specific antibody (Herceptin) therapy has clear efficacy against HER2 overexpressing tumors, most patients who initially respond to Herceptin show disease progression within one year despite continued high expression of HER2. As an alternative to Herceptin, we developed a novel set of adenoviral vectors encoding human HER2 which break tolerance and induce T and B cell responses in human-HER2-transgenic (HuHER2-Tg) mice (kindly provided by W-Z. Wei, Karmanos Cancer Center, MI). Ad-HER2 vaccination results in a high level of HER2-specific T cells and anti-HER2 vaccine induced antibodies (VIA), which significantly inhibits the growth of human HER2 expressing murine 4T1 breast cancer cells (kindly provided by M. Kershaw, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia) in HuHER2-Tg mice. Anti-HER2 VIA strongly bound to Herceptin-refractory human breast tumor cells and significantly inhibited their growth in vitro, and mediated complement dependent cytotoxicity. Thus, our findings demonstrate that Ad-HER2 vaccination proved to be efficacious and therapeutically relevant in Herceptin refractory tumor models. Grant support: NIH P50-CA068438 SPORE in Breast Cancer &amp; DOD CTRA BC050221.
GNPy experimental validation on flex-grid, flex-rate WDM optical transport scenarios (2021)

We demonstrate accurate GSNR predictions for a flex-grid and flex-rate experimental transmission using an enhanced implementation of the open-source GNPy library for a 1600 km OLS, involving QPSK, 8-QAM and 16-QAM modulation formats.
Giant Multilocular Prostatic Cystadenoma Presenting with Obstructive Aspermia (2007)

Giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma (GMPC) is a rare benign tumor involving the prostate gland. Microscopically, it masquerades phyllodes tumor or transitional zone hyperplasia. We report one case of GMPC arising from the prostate central zone (CZ), presenting with long-standing aspermia associated with seminal vesicle fibrous obliteration.
Two Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves Built from Pairs of Enantiomeric Structural Building Units (2018)

Abstract Herein we report the synthesis and structures of two new small‐pore aluminophosphate molecular sieves PST‐13 and PST‐14 with mutually connected 8‐ring channels. The structure of PST‐13, synthesized using diethylamine as an organic structure‐directing agent, contains penta‐coordinated framework Al atoms bridged by hydroxy groups and thus edge‐sharing 3‐ and 5‐rings. Upon calcination, PST‐13 undergoes a transformation to PST‐14 with loss of bridging hydroxy groups and occluded organic species. The structures of both materials consist “nonjointly” of pairs of previously undiscovered 1,5‐ and 1,6‐open double 4‐rings ( d4r s) which are mirror images of each other. We also present a series of novel chemically feasible hypothetical structures built from 1‐open d4r ( sti ) or 1,3‐open d4r ( nsc ) units, as well as from these two enantiomeric structural building units.
Data from Inhibitor of Differentiation-1 as a Novel Prognostic Factor in NSCLC Patients with Adenocarcinoma Histology and Its Potential Contribution to Therapy Resistance (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; High inhibitor of differentiation-1 (Id1) levels have been found in some tumor types. We aimed to study Id1 levels and their prognostic impact in a large series of stages I to IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Experiments in cell lines and cells derived from malignant pleural effusions (MPE) were also carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 346 NSCLC samples (three different cohorts), including 65 matched nonmalignant tissues, were evaluated for Id1 expression by using immunohistochemistry. Additional data from a fourth cohort including 111 patients were obtained for Id1 mRNA expression analysis by using publicly available microarrays. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; proliferation assays were conducted to characterize the impact of Id1 on growth and treatment sensitivity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Significantly higher Id1 protein levels were found in tumors compared with normal tissues (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and in squamous carcinomas compared with adenocarcinomas (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). In radically treated stages I to III patients and stage IV patients treated with chemotherapy, higher Id1 levels were associated with a shorter disease-free survival and overall survival in adenocarcinoma patients in a log-rank test. A Cox model confirmed the independent prognostic value of Id1 levels for both stages I to III and stage IV patients. &lt;i&gt;In silico&lt;/i&gt; analysis confirmed a correlation between higher Id1 mRNA levels and poor prognosis for adenocarcinoma subjects. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; Id1 silencing in radio/chemotherapy-resistant adenocarcinoma cells from MPEs restored sensitivity to both therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In our series, Id1 levels showed an independent prognostic value in patients with adenocarcinoma, regardless of the stage. Id1 silencing may sensitize adenocarcinoma cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(12); 4155–66. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Astaxanthin inhibits nitric oxide production and inflammatory gene expression by suppressing I(kappa)B kinase-dependent NF-kappaB activation. (2003)

Astaxanthin, a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its molecular action and mechanism have not been elucidated. We examined in vitro and in vivo regulatory function of astaxanthin on production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Astaxanthin inhibited the expression or formation production of these proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and primary macrophages. Astaxanthin also suppressed the serum levels of NO, PGE2, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in LPS-administrated mice, and inhibited NF-kappaB activation as well as iNOS promoter activity in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. This compound directly inhibited the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells as well as H2O2-induced NF-kappaB activation and iNOS expression. Moreover, astaxanthin blocked nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65 subunit and I(kappa)B(alpha) degradation, which correlated with its inhibitory effect on I(kappa)B kinase (IKK) activity. These results suggest that astaxanthin, probably due to its antioxidant activity, inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators by blocking NF-kappaB activation and as a consequent suppression of IKK activity and I(kappa)B-alpha degradation.
Meta-substituted aromatics by carbanion attack on .pi.-anisole and .pi.-toluenechromium tricarbonyl (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeta-substituted aromatics by carbanion attack on .pi.-anisole and .pi.-toluenechromium tricarbonylM. F. Semmelhack and G. ClarkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 5, 1675–1676Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00447a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00447a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier With 5 $\mu{\hbox{V}}$ Offset for Bidirectional High-Side Current-Sensing (2008)

This paper describes an instrumentation amplifier for bidirectional high-side current-sensing applications. It uses a multipath indirect current-feedback topology. To achieve low offset, the amplifier employs a combination of chopping and auto-zeroing in a low frequency path to cancel the offset of a wide-band amplifier in a high frequency path. With a 60 kHz chopper clock and a 30 kHz auto-zero clock, this offset-stabilization scheme results in an offset voltage of less than 5 muV , a CMRR of 143 dB and a common-mode input voltage range from 1.9 to 30 V. The input voltage-to-current ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V-I</i> ) converters required by the current-feedback topology are implemented with composite transistors, whose transconductance is determined by laser-trimmed resistors. This results in a less than 0.1% gain inaccuracy. The instrumentation amplifier was realized in a 0.8 mum BiCMOS process with high voltage transistors, and has an effective chip area of 2.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Sintering and Cyclic Failure Mechanisms of Thermal and Environmental Barrier Coating Systems Under Thermal Gradient Test Conditions (2008)

Plasma-sprayed ZrO2–8wt%Y2O3 and mullite+BSAS/Si multilayer thermal and environmental barrier coating (TBC–EBC) systems on SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) substrates were thermally cyclic tested under high thermal gradients using a laser high-heat-flux rig in conjunction with furnace exposure in water-vapor environments. Coating sintering and interface damage were assessed by monitoring the real-time thermal conductivity changes during the laser heat-flux tests and by examining the microstructural changes after exposure. Sintering kinetics of the coating systems were also independently characterized using a dilatometer. It was found that the coating failure involved both the time-temperature dependent sintering and the cycle frequency dependent cyclic fatigue processes. The water vapor environment not only facilitated the initial coating conductivity increases due to enhanced sintering and interface reaction, but also promoted later conductivity reductions due to the accelerated coating cracking and delamination. The failure mechanisms of the coating systems are also discussed based on the cyclic test results and are correlated to the sintering and thermal stress behavior under the thermal gradient test conditions.
Hybrid Origin of SIV in Chimpanzees (2003)

The ancestry of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus–1) has been traced to SIVcpz (simian immunodeficiency virus) infecting chim-panzees ( Pan troglodytes )] in west central Africa ( [1][1] ), but the origin of SIVcpz itself remains unknown. Species-specific strains of SIV have been identified in
Engineering crystalline quasi-two-dimensional polyaniline thin film with enhanced electrical and chemiresistive sensing performances (2019)

Engineering conducting polymer thin films with morphological homogeneity and long-range molecular ordering is intriguing to achieve high-performance organic electronics. Polyaniline (PANI) has attracted considerable interest due to its appealing electrical conductivity and diverse chemistry. However, the synthesis of large-area PANI thin film and the control of its crystallinity and thickness remain challenging because of the complex intermolecular interactions of aniline oligomers. Here we report a facile route combining air-water interface and surfactant monolayer as templates to synthesize crystalline quasi-two-dimensional (q2D) PANI with lateral size ~50 cm<sup>2</sup> and tunable thickness (2.6-30 nm). The achieved q2D PANI exhibits anisotropic charge transport and a lateral conductivity up to 160 S cm<sup>-1</sup> doped by hydrogen chloride (HCl). Moreover, the q2D PANI displays superior chemiresistive sensing toward ammonia (30 ppb), and volatile organic compounds (10 ppm). Our work highlights the q2D PANI as promising electroactive materials for thin-film organic electronics.
Unique Games hardness of Quantum Max-Cut, and a conjectured vector-valued Borell's inequality (2023)

The Gaussian noise stability of a function f: ℝn → {-1,1} is the expected value of f (x) · f (y) over ρ-correlated Gaussian random variables x and y. Borell's inequality states that for —1 ≤ ρ ≤ 0, this is minimized by the mean-zero halfspace f (x) = sign(x1). In this work, we conjecture that a natural generalization of this result holds for functions f: ℝn → Sk-1 which output k-dimensional unit vectors. Our main conjecture, which we call the vector-valued Borell's inequality, asserts that the expectation Ex~ρy 〈f(x), f(y)〉 is minimized by the function f (x) = x≤k/||x≤k||, where x≤k = (x1,…, xk). We give several pieces of evidence in favor of this conjecture, including a proof that it does indeed hold in the special case of n = k.
Evaluation of damping properties of composite mount using a five-element model with variable parameters (2008)

A mount is designed that combines air-spring with viscous fluid. In this mount, air-spring generates the dynamic stiffness, and the shearing of viscous fluid generates the loss stiffness. The conceptual purposes are to adjust a neutral position easily by changing the pressure of the air-spring and to prevent a rapid drop of the damping performance from the stationary characteristics in the case of excess load.
Kilowatt-Scale Fuel Cell Systems Powered by Recycled Aluminum (2020)

Abstract Presented here is a novel system that uses an aluminum-based fuel to continuously produce electrical power at the kilowatt scale via a hydrogen fuel cell. This fuel has an energy density of 23.3 kW h/L and can be produced from abundant scrap aluminum via a minimal surface treatment of gallium and indium. These additional metals, which in total comprise 2.5% of the fuel’s mass, permeate the grain boundary network of the aluminum to disrupt its oxide layer, thereby enabling the fuel to react exothermically with water to produce hydrogen gas and aluminum oxyhydroxide (AlOOH), an inert and valuable byproduct. To generate electrical power using this fuel, the aluminum–water reaction is controlled via water input to a reaction vessel in order to produce a constant flow of hydrogen, which is then consumed in a fuel cell to produce electricity. As validation of this power system architecture, we present the design and implementation of two proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems that successfully demonstrate this approach. The first is a 3 kW emergency power supply, and the second is a 10 kW power system integrated into a BMW i3 electric vehicle.