gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Trastuzumab Using Designer Phage Lambda Nanoparticles Alters Cellular Programs in Human Breast Cancer Cells (2021)

<b>|</b> Several diseases exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity and diverse reprogramming of cellular pathways. To address this complexity, additional strategies and technologies must be developed to define their scope and variability with the goal of improving current treatments. Nanomedicines derived from viruses are modular systems that can be easily adapted for combinatorial approaches, including imaging, biomarker targeting, and intracellular delivery of therapeutics. Here, we describe a "designer nanoparticle" system that can be rapidly engineered in a tunable and defined manner. Phage-like particles (PLPs) derived from bacteriophage lambda possess physiochemical properties compatible with pharmaceutical standards, and <i>in vitro</i> particle tracking and cell targeting are accomplished by simultaneous display of fluorescein-5-maleimide (F5M) and trastuzumab (Trz), respectively (Trz-PLPs). Trz-PLPs bind to the oncogenically active human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and are internalized by breast cancer cells of the HER2 overexpression subtype, but not by those lacking the <i>HER2</i> amplification. Compared to treatment with Trz, robust internalization of Trz-PLPs results in higher intracellular concentrations of Trz, prolonged inhibition of cell growth, and modulated regulation of cellular programs associated with HER2 signaling, proliferation, metabolism, and protein synthesis. Given the implications to cancer pathogenesis and that dysregulated signaling and metabolism can lead to drug resistance and cancer cell survival, the present study identifies metabolic and proteomic liabilities that could be exploited by the PLP platform to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The lambda PLP system is robust and rapidly modifiable, which offers a platform that can be easily "tuned" for broad utility and tailored functionality.
Resistive Oxygen Sensor Using Ceria-Zirconia Sensor Material and Ceria-Yttria Temperature Compensating Material for Lean-Burn Engine (2009)

Temperature compensating materials were investigated for a resistive oxygen sensor using Ce(0.9)Zr(0.1)O(2) as a sensor material for lean-burn engines. The temperature dependence of a temperature compensating material should be the same as the sensor material; therefore, the Y concentration in CeO(2)-Y(2)O(3) was optimized. The resistance of Ce(0.5)Y(0.5)O(2-δ) was independent of the air-to-fuel ratio (oxygen partial pressure), so that it was confirmed to function as a temperature compensating material. Sensor elements comprised of Ce(0.9)Zr(0.1)O(2) and Ce(0.5)Y(0.5)O(2-δ) were fabricated and the output was determined to be approximately independent of the temperature in the wide range from 773 to 1,073 K.
Logic Design Partitioning for Stacked Power Domains (2017)

Energy and battery lifetime constraints are critical challenges to IC designs. Stacked power-domain implementation, which connects voltage domains in series, can effectively improve power delivery efficiency and thus improve battery lifetime. However, such an approach requires balanced currents between different domains across multiple operating scenarios. Furthermore, level shifter insertion, along with placement constraints imposed by power domain regions, can incur significant power and area penalties. To the best of our knowledge, no existing work performs subblock-level partitioning optimization for stackeddomain designs. In this paper, we present an optimization framework for stacked-domain designs. Based on an initial placement solution, we apply a flow-based partitioning that is aware of multiple operating scenarios, cell placement, and timing-critical paths to partition cells into two power domains with balanced cross-domain current and minimized number of inserted level shifters. We further propose heuristics to define regions for each power domain so as to minimize placement perturbation, as well as a dynamic programming-based method to minimize the area cost of power domain generation. In an updated floor plan, we perform matching-based optimization to insert level shifters with minimized wirelength penalty. Overall, our method achieves an excellent current balance across stacked domains with less than 10% discrepancy, which results in up to more than 2× battery lifetime improvements.
Star formation in active dwarf galaxies (1986)

Star formation and the ISM in active dwarf galaxies are studied based on data from the IRAS Point Source Catalog. The dwarf galaxies that show evidence of recent energetic star formation are generally also strong far-infrared emitters; thus, active current star formation is associated with a history of energetic star formation. A fraction of the galaxies considered here have a star formation rate that is significantly greater than the average rate in the recent past. Available gas is being consumed as efficiently in the presently active dwarfs as in the Milky Way. A primary difference between galaxies that are energetically forming stars and those that are not is the difference in gas mass, as well as the efficiency of star formation. The most important process may be the assembly of large amounts of gaseous material.
Fiber-optic gyroscope using a standing-wave acoustooptic modulator (1986)

We are studying a new type of fiber-optic gyroscope and propose to utilize a standing-wave acoustooptic modulator (SWAOM) as a component of the system. When a laser beam passes through the SWAOM, two laser beams emerge: one is the diffracted first-order beam and the other is the undiffracted zeroth-order beam. The diffracted beam has two components; the frequency of one component is shifted up and the other is shifted down by the acoustic drive frequency ω s .
The rectenna design on contact lens for wireless powering of the active intraocular pressure monitoring system (2013)

This paper proposed a wireless power harvesting system with micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) fabrication for noninvasive intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement on soft contact lens substructure. The power harvesting IC consists of a loop antenna, an impedance matching network and a rectifier. The proposed IC has been designed and fabricated by CMOS 0.18 um process that operates at the ISM band of 5.8 GHz. The antenna and the power harvesting IC would be bonded together by using flip chip bonding technologies without extra wire interference. The circuit utilized an impedance transformation circuit to boost the input RF signal that improves the circuit performance. The proposed design achieves an RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of 35% at 5.8 GHz.
Prediction of net-length distribution for global interconnects in a heterogeneous system-on-a-chip (2000)

A system-on-a-chip (SoC) contains several pre-designed heterogeneous megacells that have been designed and routed optimally. In this paper a new stochastic net-length distribution for global interconnects in a nonhomogeneous SoC is derived using novel models for netlist, placement, and routing information. The netlist information is rigorously derived based on heterogeneous Rent's rule, the placement information is modeled by assuming a random placement of terminals for a given net in a bounding area, and the routing information is constructed based on a new model for minimum rectilinear Steiner tree construction (MRST). The combination of the three models gives a priori estimation of global net-length distribution in a heterogeneous SoC. Unlike previous models that empirically relate the average length of the global wires to the chip area, the new distribution provides a complete and accurate distribution of net-length for global interconnects. Through comparison with actual product data, it is shown that the new stochastic model successfully predicts the global net-length distribution of a heterogeneous system.
It's Time to End Monolithic Apps for Connected Devices. (2015)

The proliferation of connected sensing devices (or Internet of Things) can in theory enable a range of “smart” applications that make rich inferences about users and their environment. But in practice, developing such applications today is arduous because they are constructed as monolithic silos, tightly coupled to sensing devices, and must implement all data sensing and inference logic, even as devices move or are temporarily disconnected. We present Beam, a framework and runtime for distributed inference-driven applications that breaks down application silos by decoupling their inference logic from other functionality. It simplifies applications by letting them specify “what should be sensed or inferred,” without worrying about “how it is sensed or inferred.” We discuss the challenges and opportunities in building such an inference framework.
Field Trial of a Novel Self-Reciprocating Hydraulic Pump for Deliquification (2017)

Summary A novel hydraulically powered, self-reciprocating valve pump (SRVP) was piloted in a western Colorado gas well for deliquification operations. The objective was to pump liquids from a deep gas well and later retrieve and redeploy the SRVP without a workover rig. This paper will describe the SRVP technology, areas of applicability, and pilot program, including the completion design, deployment/retrieval workovers, performance, teardowns, learnings, and future plans. Gas-production wells tend to load up with produced or condensed liquids that create an impediment to flow and reduce or stop gas production. Pumps are typically used when the reservoir pressure is too low for less-intrusive artificial-lift (AL) methods or when significant amounts of liquid must be removed. Pumps can suffer from reliability issues and considerable installation/deployment costs because a workover rig is typically required for intervention. Unfavorable producing conditions and tortuous wellbore trajectories tend to further decrease run lives. These issues can make economical hydrocarbon production impossible. The SRVP was developed to overcome these challenges. The SRVP is installed downhole inside a concentric tubing string, and is powered by injecting a high-pressure liquid. The injected (power) fluid causes the SRVP to reciprocate, driving a piston pump to produce formation fluids and to power fluid back to the surface up the concentric-string/production-tubing annulus. The removal of the produced fluids decreases the backpressure on the formation, enabling gas production up the casing. Because there is no mechanical linkage to the surface for pump operation, the SRVP can be deployed in highly deviated and/or small-diameter wells with which standard AL methods would struggle. In addition, the SRVP is designed to be pumped into and out of the well after initial installation, greatly reducing deployment costs. Three industry-first SRVPs were installed consecutively in a concentric flush-joint tubing string, and were powered with a compact surface pumping unit. The SRVP proved the ability to lift 20 to 40 BFPD net liquids up the concentric-string/production-tubing annulus from more than a 12,000-ft vertical depth while gas was produced up the casing. The SRVP was retrieved and redeployed several times either hydraulically and/or with slickline (SL). System design, operation, and performance were continuously improved through the duration of the pilot program. Run life steadily increased to more than 50 days with the third installation.
Towards a language framework for thick control flows (2017)

In the recent years the search for scalability in terms of computing power has led to very complex parallel computer architectures which require greater control of the storage and computation resources to utilize all the available hardware capacity for optimal performance. New solutions in the level of programming languages/models have increased the reliance and need for threads. A system with a huge number of threads can face problems with thread micro-management, smooth scaling between data and task parallelism, portability, and consistency. We present TCF++, a new concurrent C/C++ language extension generalizing on the idea of threads with so called thick control flows. Opposed to threading, thick control flows provide a way to orchestrate computation using lower number of independent actors, dynamically adapting to problem size. The language extension approach is chosen to support mixing with legacy code. We qualitatively analyze the new language's eligibility and explain its idiomatic use with a selection of core parallel algorithm kernels.
A multiple access protocol for indoor wireless communications in factories (2003)

The authors propose an architecture for incorporating mobile data users into an existing MAP/TOP system. The scheme involves attaching a small number of radio base stations to the TOP network through which the mobiles may access the system. The system's central feature is a new distributed, multi-receiver, multiple access protocol used by the mobiles to access the bases. The protocol permits users to gracefully switch between single and multi-base operation while maintaining satisfactory performance characteristics. They utilize a multi-receiver multiple access model derived from the traditional single-receiver model to measure the new protocol's performance via simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The chemistry of functional nanomaterials (2013)

Nanostructured materials are the core components of nanotechnology, providing basic building blocks for fabricating complex devices with desired functions. Thanks to their inherent quantum size and shape effects, nanomaterials have many important applications in electronics, optoelectronics, information processing, catalysis, biomedical science, environmental science, energy conversion and storage, advanced defense technologies, and many other fields. Chemistry plays a central role in the development of novel nanostructured materials. This themed issue on the chemistry of functional nanomaterials gives a broad overview of the synthesis, structural manipulation, characterization, surface modification, self-assembly, processing and integration of nanoscale materials into functional devices.
Regenerative potential of prostate luminal cells revealed by single-cell analysis (2020)

Androgen deprivation is the cornerstone of prostate cancer treatment. It results in involution of the normal gland to ~90% of its original size because of the loss of luminal cells. The prostate regenerates when androgen is restored, a process postulated to involve stem cells. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified a rare luminal population in the mouse prostate that expresses stemlike genes (<i>Sca1</i> <sup>+</sup> and <i>Psca</i> <sup>+</sup>) and a large population of differentiated cells (<i>Nkx3.1</i> <sup>+</sup>, <i>Pbsn</i> <sup>+</sup>). In organoids and in mice, both populations contribute equally to prostate regeneration, partly through androgen-driven expression of growth factors (Nrg2, Rspo3) by mesenchymal cells acting in a paracrine fashion on luminal cells. Analysis of human prostate tissue revealed similar differentiated and stemlike luminal subpopulations that likewise acquire enhanced regenerative potential after androgen ablation. We propose that prostate regeneration is driven by nearly all persisting luminal cells, not just by rare stem cells.
422 Pore Collapsed Behavior of Porous Aluminum during Compression Process by using X-ray CT Nondestructive Observation (2010)

Closed-cell porous aluminum is a multifunctional material with both lightweight and high energy absorption properties. These properties are considered to be governed by morphology of pores of porous aluminum. In this study, compression test was conducted in the X-ray CT system and deformation process of pores was nondestructively observed during compression. It was shown that deformation process of individual pore can be observed in this system.
High GATA2 expression is a poor prognostic marker in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (2012)

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), aberrant expression and mutations of transcription factors have been correlated with disease outcome. In the present study, we performed expression and mutation screening of GATA2, which is an essential transcription factor for regulation of myeloid lineage determination, in de novo pediatric AML patients. GATA2 mutations were detected in 5 of 230 patients, representing a frequency of 2.2% overall and 9.8% in cytogenetically normal AML. GATA2 expression analysis demonstrated that in 155 of 237 diagnostic samples (65%), GATA2 expression was higher than in normal BM. In complete remission, normalization of GATA2 expression was observed, whereas GATA2 expression levels stayed high in patients with resistant disease. High GATA2 expression at diagnosis was an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, P = .045), event-free survival (HR = 2.1, P = .002), and disease-free survival (HR = 2.3, P = .004). The prognostic impact of GATA2 was particularly evident in specific AML subgroups. In patients with French-American-British M5 morphology, inv(16), or high WT1 expression, significant differences in survival were observed between patients with high versus normal GATA2 expression. We conclude that high GATA2 expression is a novel poor prognostic marker in pediatric AML, which may contribute to better risk-group stratification and risk-adapted therapy in the future.
Mechanistic Observations on the Unusual Reactivity of Dioxenone Photosubstrates in the Synthesis of Ingenol (2002)

The irradiation of allylically substituted dioxenone photosubstrates 6 and 21 lead to unexpected products, the formation of which can be explained by a series of transannular hydrogen atom abstractions.
Mode-Multiplexed 6⨉20-GBd QPSK Transmission over 1200-km DGD-Compensated Few-Mode Fiber (2012)

Low differential group delay (DGD) between the modes of a graded-index few-mode fiber is obtained by combining segments with DGD of opposite sign. Transmission of mode-multiplexed 6⨉20-GBd QPSK over a record distance of 1200 km is demonstrated.
Phthalate Exposure and Allergy in the U.S. Population: Results from NHANES 2005–2006 (2013)

In this cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample, HMW phthalate metabolites, particularly MBzP, were positively associated with allergic symptoms and sensitization in adults, but there was no strong evidence for associations between phthalates and allergy in children 6-17 years of age.
Suppressing Defect Formation Pathways in the Direct C–H Arylation Polymerization of Photovoltaic Copolymers (2018)

Direct C–H arylation polymerization (DARP) holds great promise for the green, atom-efficient synthesis of π-conjugated copolymers for use in high-performance polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, C–H arylation regioselectivity control for monomers containing multiple reactive aryl C–H bonds is not well understood, and nonselective reactivity results in material defects with unknown effects on PSC performance. Here, the effects of reaction conditions on copolymer molecular mass, dispersity, and PSC performance as well as defect formation pathways occurring during the DARP synthesis of an archetypal benzodithiophene-alt-diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymer, PBDTT–DPP, are scrutinized. Small molecule model studies analyzed by HPLC-HRMS elucidate the effects of DARP conditions on trace chemical defect (primarily hydrodehalogenation and β-C–H arylation) formation. Copolymer branching arising from nonselective β-C–H arylation of monomers at the polymer chain end is identified as the principal photovoltaically deleterious defect. Fine-tuning the DARP reaction conditions reduces branching densities to below 1%, with an exceptional C–H regioselectivity of >110:1. The optimal copolymers achieve superior PSC performance versus defect-rich DARP-derived copolymers and rival those from Stille polycondensations.
YASS: Yet Another Spike Sorter applied to large-scale multi-electrode array recordings in primate retina (2020)

Abstract Spike sorting is a critical first step in extracting neural signals from large-scale multi-electrode array (MEA) data. This manuscript presents several new techniques that make MEA spike sorting more robust and accurate. Our pipeline is based on an efficient multi-stage “triage-then-cluster-then-pursuit” approach that initially extracts only clean, high-quality waveforms from the electrophysiological time series by temporarily skipping noisy or “collided” events (representing two neurons firing synchronously). This is accomplished by developing a neural network detection and denoising method followed by efficient outlier triaging. The denoised spike waveforms are then used to infer the set of spike templates through nonparametric Bayesian clustering. We use a divide-and-conquer strategy to parallelize this clustering step. Finally, we recover collided waveforms with matching-pursuit deconvolution techniques, and perform further split-and-merge steps to estimate additional templates from the pool of recovered waveforms. We apply the new pipeline to data recorded in the primate retina, where high firing rates and highly-overlapping axonal units provide a challenging testbed for the deconvolution approach; in addition, the well-defined mosaic structure of receptive fields in this preparation provides a useful quality check on any spike sorting pipeline. We show that our pipeline improves on the state-of-the-art in spike sorting (and outperforms manual sorting) on both real and semi-simulated MEA data with &gt; 500 electrodes; open source code can be found at https://github.com/paninski-lab/yass .
Organoselenium chemistry. .alpha.-Phenylseleno carbonyl compounds as precursors for .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones and esters (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganoselenium chemistry. .alpha.-Phenylseleno carbonyl compounds as precursors for .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones and estersHans J. Reich, Ieva L. Reich, and James M. RengaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 17, 5813–5815Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00798a090https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00798a090research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1978Altmetric-Citations208LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts