gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrating genetic gain and gap analysis to predict improvements in crop productivity (2020)

Abstract A Crop Growth Model (CGM) is used to demonstrate a biophysical framework for predicting grain yield outcomes for Genotype by Environment by Management (G×E×M) scenarios. This required development of a CGM to encode contributions of genetic and environmental determinants of biophysical processes that influence key resource (radiation, water, nutrients) use and yield‐productivity within the context of the target agricultural system. Prediction of water‐driven yield‐productivity of maize for a wide range of G×E×M scenarios in the U.S. corn‐belt is used as a case study to demonstrate applications of the framework. Three experimental evaluations are conducted to test predictions of G×E×M yield expectations derived from the framework: (1) A maize hybrid genetic gain study, (2) A maize yield potential study, and (3) A maize drought study. Examples of convergence between key G×E×M predictions from the CGM and the results of the empirical studies are demonstrated. Potential applications of the prediction framework for design of integrated crop improvement strategies are discussed. The prediction framework opens new opportunities for rapid design and testing of novel crop improvement strategies based on an integrated understanding of G×E×M interactions. Importantly the CGM ensures that the yield predictions for the G×E×M scenarios are grounded in the biophysical properties and limits of predictability for the crop system. The identification and delivery of novel pathways to improved crop productivity can be accelerated through use of the proposed framework to design crop improvement strategies that integrate genetic gains from breeding and crop management strategies that reduce yield gaps.
Simplified 27.15 Gbits/s Spread-OFDM PON using DFT/IDFT-free Receiver with 1/16 Sub-Nyquist Sampling Rate (2017)

This paper presents 27.15-Gbits/s spread-OFMD PON sub-Nyquist receiver via 1-GSample/s ADC for each 32-ONU to demodulate signals, which greatly reduces complexity. Moreover, DC algorithm is proposed to eliminate DC-located distortion caused by sub-Nyquist ADC.
Effect of fillers on fire retardancy of intumescent polypropylene blends (2003)

Abstract Addition of Ammonium Polyphosphate/Polyamide‐6 system is known to provide flame retardancy in many polymers blends via an intumescent process. Particulate fillers (talc and calcium carbonate) are used in large quantities in PP. Combination of fillers in PP can modify the properties of the polymeric matrix. This study investigates the effect of fillers (talc and calcium carbonate) on the fire performance of the Polypropylene/Ammonium polyphosphate/Polyamide‐6 blend. It is shown that the fire performance strongly depends on the nature of the filler used. Talc increases and calcium carbonate decreases in the fire performance of the blend.
Public key exchange using matrices over group rings (2013)

We offer a public key exchange protocol in the spirit of Diffie-Hellman, but we use (small) matrices over a group ring of a (small) symmetric group as the platform. This "nested structure" of the platform makes computation very efficient for legitimate parties. We discuss security of this scheme by addressing the Decision Diffie-Hellman (DDH) and Computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH) problems for our platform.
Efficient Software Synchronization on Large Cache Coherent Multiprocessors (1994)

Large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors typically have long latencies for remote data accesses. A key issue for execution performance of many common applications is the synchronization cost. The communication scalability of synchronization has been improved by the introduction of queue-based spin-locks instead of Test&amp;amp;(Test&amp;amp;Set). For architectures with long access latencies for global data, attention should also be paid to the number of global accesses that are involved in synchronization. We present a method to characterize the performance of proposed queue lock algorithms, and apply it to previously published algorithms. We also present two new queue locks, the LH lock and the M lock. We compare the locks in terms of performance, memory requirements, code size, and required hardware support. The LH lock is the simplest of all the locks, yet requires only an atomic swap operation. The M lock is superior in terms of global accesses needed to perform synchronization and still competit...
Optimized pseudopotentials (1990)

A plane-wave basis has great advantages for many calculations in the physics solids. To apply this basis to a wider class of materials, the atomic characteristic of a pseudopotential is identified which leads to rapid convergence in the solid, and a new method for generating pseudopotentials optimized according to this criterion is shown. As a test case, an ab initio plane-wave basis determination of the structural properties of fcc copper is performed. The results indicate that these optimized pseudopotentials will facilitate study of transition metals and first-row nonmetals.
The substrate specificity of adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase of rabbit skeletal muscle (1977)

The known amino acid sequences at the two sites on phosphorylase kinase that are phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were extended. The sequences of 42 amino acids around the phosphorylation site on the alpha-subunit and of 14 amino acids around the phosphorylation site on the beta-subunit were shown to be: alpha-subunit Phe-Arg-Arg-Leu-Ser(P)-Ile-Ser-Thr-Glu-Ser-Glx-Pro-Asx-Gly-Gly-His-Ser-Leu-Gly-Ala-Asp-Leu-Met-Ser-Pro-Ser-Phe-Leu-Ser-Pro-Gly-Thr-Ser-Val-Phe(Ser,Pro,Gly)His-Thr-Ser-Lys; beta-subunit, Ala-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-Ser-Gly-Ser(P)-VALIle-Tyr-Glu-Pro-Leu-Lys. The sites on histone H2B which are phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in vitro were identified as serine-36 and serine-32. The amino acid sequence in this region is: Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32(P)-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser36(P)-Tyr-Ser-Val-Tyr-Val- [Iwai, K., Ishikawa, K. & Hayashi, H. (1970) Nature (London) 226, 1056-1058]. Serine-36 was phosphorylated at 50% of the rate at which the beta-subunit of phosphorylase kinase was phosphorylated, and it was phosphorylated 6-7-fold more rapidly than was serine-32. The amino acid sequences when compared with those at the phosphorylation sites of other physiological substrates suggest that the presence of two adjacent basic amino acids on the N-terminal side of the susceptible serine residue may be critical for specific substrate recognition in vivo.
Constitutive Somatostatin Receptor Activity Determines Tonic Pituitary Cell Response (2009)

Somatostatin (SRIF) binds G protein-coupled SRIF receptor subtypes (SST1, -2, -3, -4, and -5) to regulate cell secretion and proliferation. Hypothalamic SRIF inhibits pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and ACTH secretion. We tested SRIF-independent constitutive SST activity in AtT20 mouse pituitary corticotroph cells in which ACTH secretion is highly sensitive to SRIF action. Stable transfectants expressing SST2 or SST5 were sensitized to selective agonist action, and constitutive SST receptor activity was demonstrated by forskolin and pertussis toxin cAMP cell responses. Persistent constitutive SST activity decreased cell ACTH responses to CRH through decreased expression of CRH receptor subtype 1. Decreased dopamine receptor type 1 expression was associated with attenuated dopamine agonist action, whereas responses to isoproterenol were enhanced through increased β2-adrenoreceptor expression. Thus, integrated pituitary cell ACTH regulation is determined both by phasic SRIF action, as well as by tonic constitutive SST activity, independently of SRIF.
Osteoblastic induction on calcium phosphate cement–chitosan constructs for bone tissue engineering (2010)

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is osteoconductive and moldable, and it can conform to complex cavity shapes and set in situ to form hydroxyapatite. Chitosan could increase the strength and toughness of CPC, but there has been no investigation on recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) delivery via CPC-chitosan composite and its effect on osteogenic induction of cells. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanical properties and osteoblastic induction of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on CPC-containing chitosan and rhBMP-2. Cell viability for CPC with chitosan and rhBMP-2 was comparable with that of control CPC, whereas the CPC-chitosan composite was stronger and tougher than CPC control. After 14 days, osteoblastic induction was quantified by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. ALP (mean +/- SD; n = 6) of cells seeded on conventional CPC without rhBMP-2 was (143 +/- 19) (mM pNpp/min)/(mug DNA). The addition of chitosan resulted in an ALP of 161 +/- 27. Further addition of rhBMP-2 to the CPC-chitosan composite increased the ALP to 305 +/- 111 (p < 0.05). All ALP activity on CPC composites was significantly higher when compared with the 10.0 +/- 3.3 of tissue culture polystyrene (p < 0.05). Flexural strength of CPC containing 15% (mass fraction) chitosan was 19.8 +/- 1.4 MPa, which is more than double the 8.0 +/- 1.4 MPa of conventional CPC (p < 0.05). The addition of chitosan to CPC increased the fracture toughness from 0.18 +/- 0.01 MPa.m(1/2) to 0.23 +/- 0.02 MPa.m(1/2) (p < 0.05). The relatively high strength, self-hardening CPC-chitosan composite scaffold is promising as a moderate load-bearing matrix for bone repair, with potential to serve as an injectable delivery vehicle for osteoinductive growth factors to promote osteoblastic induction and bone regeneration. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
Capacity of Differential Versus Nondifferential Unitary Space–Time Modulation for MIMO Channels (2006)

Differential unitary space–time modulation (DUSTM) and its earlier nondifferential counterpart, USTM, permit high-throughput multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication entirely without the possession of channel state information by either the transmitter or the receiver. For an isotropically random unitary input we obtain the exact closed-form expression for the probability density of the DUSTM received signal, permitting the straightforward Monte Carlo evaluation of its mutual information. We compare the performance of DUSTM and USTM through both numerical computations of mutual information and through the analysis of low- and high-signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) asymptotic expressions. In our comparisons the symbol durations of the equivalent unitary space–time signals are equal to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$T$</tex> . For DUSTM the number of transmit antennas is constrained by the scheme to be <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$M = T/2$</tex> , while USTM has no such constraint. If DUSTM and USTM utilize the same number of transmit antennas at high SNRs the normalized mutual information of the two schemes expressed in bits/s/Hz are asymptotically equal, with the differential scheme performing somewhat better. At low SNRs the normalized mutual information of DUSTM is asymptotically twice the normalized mutual information of USTM. If, instead, USTM utilizes the optimum number of transmit antennas then USTM can outperform DUSTM at sufficiently low SNRs.
The Membrane Associated Kinases which Phosphorylate Bone and Dentin Extracellular Matrix Phosphoproteins are Isoforms of Cytosolic CKII (1996)

Bone and dentin contain many phosphoproteins in their extracellular matrix. It has been postulated that the anionic character of these proteins, and the presence of phosphate groups in particular, is important for various functions related to biomineralization. Phosphophoryns (PP), are the most highly phosphorylated dentin matrix components. However, the tissue form of PP can be further phosphorylated in vitro by cytosolic and membrane associated-endogenous messenger-independent kinases from osteoblast-like cells. To examine the kinases, a 2-dimensional zymogram technique has been developed for the detection of casein kinase II (CKII) activity of purified kinases using intact PP as the substrate. After isolation by subcellular fractionation and ion-exchange chromatographic techniques, the enzymes are electrophoresed on an isoelectric focusing gel in the absence of SDS and disulfide bond breaking reagents. This first dimension gel is then layered on the zymogram gel containing PP + SDS. After electrophoresis, the gels are incubated in 250-500 microCi [gamma-32P] ATP. Autoradiography then detects kinase activity. Comparison of the UMR 106 CKII cytosolic and membrane-bound fractions showed that they were different in M(r) and focusing pH, suggesting the presence of CKII isoforms. CKI, which could phosphorylate the native PP in vitro, could not phosphorylate a dephosphorylated preparation (dPP). However, if the dPP was first exposed to CKII and unlabeled ATP then reacted with CKI and [gamma-32P]ATP, the PP was phosphorylated. This prerequisite phosphorylation by CKII indicates that in vivo PP phosphorylation probably occurs in a series of regulated steps as a co- or post-translational process.
Soy Protein-Based Infant Formulas with Supplemental Fructooligosaccharides: Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Hydration Status in Newborn Infants (2015)

Unlike milk-based infant formulas, soy-based infant formulas containing supplemental fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have not been clinically evaluated. A randomized, double-blind, 28 day parallel feeding trial compared gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance and hydration in healthy term newborn infants fed either a commercialized soy formula (with history of safe use) containing sucrose as 20% of total carbohydrate, no supplemental short-chain FOS (scFOS) and no mixed carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene) as a control (CF, n = 62 infants) or one of two experimental soy-based formulas, EF1 (n = 64) and EF2 (n = 62) containing scFOS (2.5 g/L) and mixed carotenoids. EF1 differed from EF2 by containing sucrose. Results indicated no significant study group differences (p > 0.05) in study completion rates (CF = 81, EF1 = 86, &amp; EF2 = 87%), growth, mean rank stool consistency, stool frequency, formula intake, spit-up/vomit, and safety measures (urine specific gravity, USG; hydration status and adverse events). Mean USGs for study groups were normal (<1.03). The EF1 > CF group in percent yellow stools (p < 0.01 at age 14 days). In conclusion, the study suggested that term infants fed soy-based formulas supplemented with scFOS and mixed carotenoids, with or without sucrose in the 1st 35 days of infancy demonstrated good tolerance and hydration comparable to the control soy-based formula with history of safe use.
Capacity Scaling of Cellular Networks: Impact of Bandwidth, Infrastructure Density and Number of Antennas (2017)

The availability of very wide spectrum in millimeter wave bands combined with large antenna arrays and ultra-dense networks raises two basic questions: What is the true value of overly abundant degrees of freedom and how can networks be designed to fully exploit them? This paper determines the capacity scaling of large cellular networks as a function of bandwidth, area, number of antennas, and base station density. It is found that the network capacity has a fundamental bandwidth scaling limit, beyond which the network becomes power-limited. An infrastructure multi-hop protocol achieves the optimal network capacity scaling for all network parameters. In contrast, current protocols that use only single-hop direct transmissions cannot achieve the capacity scaling in wideband regimes except in the special case when the density of base stations is taken to impractical extremes. This finding suggests that multi-hop communication will be important to fully realize the potential of next-generation cellular networks. Dedicated relays, if sufficiently dense, can also perform this task, relieving user nodes from the battery drain of cooperation. On the other hand, more sophisticated strategies such as hierarchical cooperation, that are essential for achieving capacity scaling in ad hoc networks, are unnecessary in the cellular context.
Antibody responses to varying doses of rhGAA in null mutation (n = 6) or P545L mutant mice (n = 5). (2016)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG1 in 1 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice tested weekly &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG1 in 5 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice &lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG1 in 20 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice &lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG1 response in 20 mg/kg rhGAA injected P545L mice &lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG2a in 1 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice &lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG2a in 5 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice &lt;b&gt;G&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG2a in 20 mg/kg rhGAA injected GAA-/- 129SVE mice &lt;b&gt;H&lt;/b&gt;) Anti-rhGAA IgG2a in 20 mg/kg rhGAA injected P545L mice. Arrows indicate fold decrease over corresponding 20 mg/kg cohort time point. p&lt;0.05 *, p&lt;0.005 **, p&lt;0.0005 ***, ns = not significant.&lt;/p&gt;
Validation model of fibrosis-8 index score to predict significant fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2022)

We demonstrated that the FIB-8 score had significantly better performance for predicting significant fibrosis in NAFLD patients than the NFS, as well as clinically superior performance <i>vs</i> the FIB-4 score in an Asian population. A novel simple fibrosis score comprising commonly accessible basic laboratories may be beneficial to use for an initial assessment in primary care units, excluding patients with significant liver fibrosis and aiding in patient selection for further hepatologist referral.
La propretura cesariana en la Hispania Ulterior: “La II guerra lusitana” (2011)

El presente artculo da cuenta de los paralelismos existentes entre las campaas que Dcimo Junio Bruto llev a cabo en el mbito lusitano y noroccidental hispano, y las operaciones que Cayo Julio Csar emprendi durante su propretura en ese mismo territorio.Estas coincidencias permiten identificar la propretura cesariana con una II Guerra Lusitana.Sin embargo, Csar no practic campaas de
Compound heterozygous mutations of the luteinizing hormone receptor gene in Leydig cell hypoplasia. (1996)

The human LH receptor (hLHR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors characterized by the presence of seven-transmembrane (TM) helices. Inactivating mutations of the hLHR lead to Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH), a form of male pseudohermaphroditism resulting from the failure of fetal testicular Leydig cell differentiation. We have identified three mutations of the hLHR in a patient with LCH: deletion of exon 8 (delta Exon 8), A872G transition resulting in Asn291Ser substitution in the extracellular domain, and C1847A transversion resulting in Ser616Tyr substitution in the seventh TM helix. Nucleotide sequencing, gene dosage, and allele-specific amplification analyses revealed that exon 8 deletion and the two missense mutations are present in different alleles of the hLHR. Constructs of mutated hLHR (hLHR-delta Exon8, hLHR-872/1847, hLHR-1847, and hLHR-872) were used to transfect 293 cells, and the properties of the hLHR expressed were examined. Ligand-binding assays failed to detect the expression of hLHR-delta Exon8. Transfectants expressing hLHR-872/1847 demonstrated greatly reduced ligand binding and ligand-induced cAMP accumulation in comparison to those expressing wild type hLHR. Similar reduction in cAMP accumulation was observed in transfectants expressing hLHR-1847, but not hLHR-872 alone. These findings suggest that, in addition to the 7-TM helices, the polypeptide encoded by exon 8 plays an important role in LHR expression and signal transduction. On the other hand, glycosylation of Asn291 may not be critical for these activities. These results also establish that LCH can result from impaired signal transduction due to compound heterozygous mutations. Implications of these mutations on structure-function relationship of the hLHR and the genotype-phenotype correlation in LCH are discussed.
Preface – Advances in CKD 2019 (2019)

RRI) 21st InternationalConference on Dialysis, Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease in New Orleans, LA, is assembling as in previous years the world's leading scientists to discuss the latest developments in kidney research, spanning from current findings of interest to the renal community, to basic science, clinical nephrology, acute and chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis management, kidney transplantation, and epidemiology.We have expanded the scope of the topics and our audience by having in addition to our Main Conference a 1-day Pediatric Symposium for pediatric nephrologists and fellows, and a 2-day Nurse Care Team Track, addressing topics of interest to renal nurses and shared topics with nephrologists.This special issue of Blood Purification includes an article on the aftermath of hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico.The island suffered from widespread destruction and a major humanitarian crisis.Bonilla-Félix focuses in his article "Disaster Management in a Nephrology Service: Lessons Learned from Hurricane Maria" on the management of pediatric patients and those with chronic renal disease, who
Stentbased, off-pump creation of an apicoaortic conduit (2008)

Introduction: An apicoaortic conduit (AAC) is an alternative therapy in patients with aortic valve stenosis and severe aortic calcification. We investigated whether it is feasible to create an apicoaortic conduit off-pump with a newly developed stentbased coring- and cannulation-device in an animal model.
Better streaming algorithms for clustering problems (2003)

We study clustering problems in the streaming model, where the goal is to cluster a set of points by making one pass (or a few passes) over the data using a small amount of storage space. Our main result is a randomized algorithm for the k--Median problem which produces a constant factor approximation in one pass using storage space O(k poly log n). This is a significant improvement of the previous best algorithm which yielded a 2O(1/ε) approximation using O(nε) space. Next we give a streaming algorithm for the k--Median problem with an arbitrary distance function. We also study algorithms for clustering problems with outliers in the streaming model. Here, we give bicriterion guarantees, producing constant factor approximations by increasing the allowed fraction of outliers slightly.
Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Guideline Recommendations From the International Consensus Group (2019)

Preendoscopic management: The group suggests using a Glasgow Blatchford score of 1 or less to identify patients at very low risk for rebleeding, who may not require hospitalization. In patients without cardiovascular disease, the suggested hemoglobin threshold for blood transfusion is less than 80 g/L, with a higher threshold for those with cardiovascular disease. Endoscopic management: The group suggests that patients with acute UGIB undergo endoscopy within 24 hours of presentation. Thermocoagulation and sclerosant injection are recommended, and clips are suggested, for endoscopic therapy in patients with high-risk stigmata. Use of TC-325 (hemostatic powder) was suggested as temporizing therapy, but not as sole treatment, in patients with actively bleeding ulcers. Pharmacologic management: The group recommends that patients with bleeding ulcers with high-risk stigmata who have had successful endoscopic therapy receive high-dose proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy (intravenous loading dose followed by continuous infusion) for 3 days. For these high-risk patients, continued oral PPI therapy is suggested twice daily through 14 days, then once daily for a total duration that depends on the nature of the bleeding lesion. Secondary prophylaxis: The group suggests PPI therapy for patients with previous ulcer bleeding who require antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy for cardiovascular prophylaxis.