MP43-10 CAVERNOUS NERVE INJURY INDUCED TEMPORAL INCREASE IN NEUROINFLAMMATION AND CYTOKINE INDUCTION IN THE MAJOR PELVIC GANGLION OF THE RAT (2014)

You have accessJournal of UrologySexual Function/Dysfunction/Andrology: Basic Research I1 Apr 2014MP43-10 CAVERNOUS NERVE INJURY INDUCED TEMPORAL INCREASE IN NEUROINFLAMMATION AND CYTOKINE INDUCTION IN THE MAJOR PELVIC GANGLION OF THE RAT Johanna Hannan, Emmanuel Weyne, Maarten Albersen, Xiaopu Liu, Fabio Castiglione, Petter Hedlund, Ahmet Hoke, Arthur Burnett, and Trinity Bivalacqua Johanna HannanJohanna Hannan More articles by this author , Emmanuel WeyneEmmanuel Weyne More articles by this author , Maarten AlbersenMaarten Albersen More articles by this author , Xiaopu LiuXiaopu Liu More articles by this author , Fabio CastiglioneFabio Castiglione More articles by this author , Petter HedlundPetter Hedlund More articles by this author , Ahmet HokeAhmet Hoke More articles by this author , Arthur BurnettArthur Burnett More articles by this author , and Trinity BivalacquaTrinity Bivalacqua More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.1167AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Introduction and Objectives The immune response generated after peripheral nerve injury has gained increasing attention because inhibiting inflammation can prevent injury and neurological deficits. Recently, we sought to identify genes involved in injury and repair of the major pelvic ganglion (MPG) in response to cavernous nerve injury (CNI). Several significant molecular themes including transcriptional regulation, chemokines, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines were identified. A number of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and chemokines related to macrophage induction including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were identified. This study determined the temporal transcriptional and translational changes in the MPG in response to CNI as it relates to neuroinflammation, cytokine and macrophage induction, and correlate this to markers of nerve injury. Methods Two groups of rats were utilized: 1) sham and 2) bilateral CNI. 48 hours, 7, 14, 21, 30, and 60 days after CNI MPGs were explanted and gene expression (q-PCR) changes were determined for TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS; classic activated macrophage response (M1)], arginase 1 (Arg1; alternative activated macrophage response (M2)], activating transcription factor 3 (ATF-3; marker of nerve injury), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; marker of Schwann cell activation). MPGs were processed for morphology (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunofluorescence to MCP-1, macrophages (CD68) and S-100 (marker of Schwann cells) at each time point post-CNI. Results Histochemical analysis demonstrated an early increase in inflammation in the MPG that peaked at 48 hrs with a decline at 14 days post-CNI. Immunolocalization studies were also performed with increased macrophage induction (CD68) at 14 days as well as MCP-1 expression with co-localization with Schwann cells. TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, Arg1, and iNOS had increased gene expression (p<0.05) at all time points studied with the greatest increase in gene expression occurring 48 hrs to 14 days CNI with a decline to sham levels by 30-60 days. Importantly, this was correlated with increased gene expression of ATF-3 and GFAP (p<0.05). Conclusions The present study shows that a temporal increase in neuroinflammation occurs in the MPG following CNI which is mediated by cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β) and macrophages (M1 and M2) that may have deleterious effects on neuronal cell survival and nerve regeneration. © 2014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 4SApril 2014Page: e480-e481 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014MetricsAuthor Information Johanna Hannan More articles by this author Emmanuel Weyne More articles by this author Maarten Albersen More articles by this author Xiaopu Liu More articles by this author Fabio Castiglione More articles by this author Petter Hedlund More articles by this author Ahmet Hoke More articles by this author Arthur Burnett More articles by this author Trinity Bivalacqua More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...