gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of gold-dispersed vanadium oxide thin films by an alternate spin-coating method for electrochromic applications (1994)

Thin films of V2O5 with dispersed gold particles were prepared from ethanol solutions of vanadyl isopropoxide and HAuCl4 by means of an alternate spin-coating method. The Au content was maintained at 12–36 atom% by selection of the appropriate concentration of the alkoxide solution. After calcination at 400 °C, the mean diameter of dispersed Au particles was 7.0 nm, as observed for the film containing 24 atom% Au. Violet (cathodic)↔green (anodic) electrochromism was exhibited by the Au (24 atom%)–V2O5 film. Owing to the plasma resonance of the Au particles, the film had a strong optical absorption band centred at 570 and 610 nm under cathodic and anodic polarization, respectively.
Abstract 15582: Global, but Not Cardiac Specific, Knockout of ROMK Potassium Channels Worsens Cardiac Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (2019)

The renal-outer-medullary-potassium (ROMK) channel, mutated in heritable Bartter’s syndrome, regulates ion exchange in the nephron but its extra-renal functions remain poorly understood. ROMK is al...
Injection locked CMOS buffer dedicated to nanomagnetic based voltage controlled oscillator (2008)

Nanomagnetic oscillator using giant magnetoresistance seems to be candidates for the implementation of low silicon area good close-in phase noise RF oscillators. One of the big issue remains in the weak emitted power. Injection Locked Oscillator could be a solution in order to exploit the behavior of such devices.
Structure/quadratic hyperpolarizability correlation: solvent effect (1996)

In this work, we have investigated theoretically the structure/hyperpolarizability correlations of push-pull molecules sing a two-form two-state model. For this, we have defined a parameter MIX characterizing the mixing between the two-limiting resonance forms and thus ruling the molecular structure and polarization. Also, we have analyzed the solvent effect on the structure and on the polarizabilities of push-pull molecules using the Onsager reaction field theory. We have shown that the dependences of the linear and nonlinear polarizabilities on the solvent dielectric constant look similar to the structure/(hyper)polarizability correlations. Finally, we have investigated experimentally the solvent effect on a series of push-pull polyenes of increasing length. In particular, we have determined the scalar (mu) <SUB>g</SUB>(Beta) (0) product (where (mu) <SUB>g</SUB> is the ground-state dipole and (Beta) (0) the vector part of static quadratic hyperpolarizability tensor) in different solvents using the electric-field-induced-second-harmonic generation technique. For the different chain lengths, we have obtained a mapping of the positive (mu) <SUB>g</SUB>(Beta) (0) peak. This leads for the longest compound of the series to a record high value of (mu) <SUB>g</SUB>(Beta) (0) product in chloroform.
Prediction of analog performance parameters using fast transient testing (2002)

In this paper, a fast transient testing methodology for predicting the performance parameters of analog circuits is presented. A transient test signal is applied to the circuit under (cut) test and the transient response of the circuit is sampled and analyzed to predict the circuit's performance parameters. An algorithm for generating the optimum transient test signal is presented. The methodology is demonstrated in a production environment using a low-power opamp. Result from production test data showed: 1) a ten times speedup in production testing; 2) accurate prediction of the performance parameters; and 3) a simpler test configuration.
The structural biology of oestrogen metabolism (2013)

Many enzymes catalyse reactions that have an oestrogen as a substrate and/or a product. The reactions catalysed include aromatisation, oxidation, reduction, sulfonation, desulfonation, hydroxylation and methoxylation. The enzymes that catalyse these reactions must all recognise and bind oestrogen but, despite this, they have diverse structures. This review looks at each of these enzymes in turn, describing the structure and discussing the mechanism of the catalysed reaction. Since oestrogen has a role in many disease states inhibition of the enzymes of oestrogen metabolism may have an impact on the state or progression of the disease and inhibitors of these enzymes are briefly discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'CSR 2013'.
[Examination of the effect of anesthesia on radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma-a patient survey on anesthesia for radiofrequency ablation]. (2012)

GA achieves better pain control compared to LA, and the patients who receive GA have greater tolerance of RFA.
Analysis and Characterization of Embedded Resistors for Wideband Applications (2005)

This paper will describe the high-frequency analysis and characterization of embedded resistors fabricated in organic substrates. Although embedded resistors have been widely used in organic substrates, detailed analysis and characterization at high frequencies have received very limited attention. Majority of previous research work focuses on low frequency performance and manufacturing considerations. In this research work, a novel embedded resistor fabrication technique was employed to allow design on demand implementation of resistors. Analysis and characterization were carried out for frequencies up to 20 GHz, along with a comparison between embedded resistors and discrete surface mount resistors. It can be deduced that the degraded performance in the discrete implementation occurs above 1 GHz and is mainly attributed to surface mount parasitics. Embedded resistors, in contrast, offer significantly better broadband performance up to 20 GHz, in spite of inferior tolerances within 20%. This results show that embedded resistors not only achieve improved area utilization but also greatly improved high-frequency performance.
On the Performance of HARQ Protocols With Blanking in NOMA Systems (2020)

In this paper, we investigate the throughput performance of single-packet and multi-packet hybrid-automatic repeat request (HARQ) with blanking for downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. While conventional single-packet HARQ achieves high throughput at the expense of high latency, multi-packet HARQ, where several data packets are sent in the same channel block, can achieve high throughput with low latency. Previous works have shown that multi-packet HARQ outperforms single-packet HARQ in orthogonal multiple access (OMA) systems, especially in the moderate to high signal-to-noise ratio regime. This work amalgamates multi-packet HARQ with NOMA to achieve higher throughput than the conventional single-packet HARQ and OMA, which has been adopted in the legacy mobile networks. We conduct theoretical analysis for the throughput per user and also investigate the optimization of the power and rate allocations of the packets, in order to maximize the weighted-sum throughput. It is demonstrated that the gain of multi-packet HARQ over the single-packet HARQ in NOMA systems is reduced compared to that obtained in OMA systems due to inter-user interference. It is also shown that NOMA-HARQ cannot achieve any throughput gain with respect to OMA-HARQ when the error propagation rate of the NOMA detector is above a certain threshold.
TOI-1259Ab – a gas giant planet with 2.7 per cent deep transits and a bound white dwarf companion (2021)

ABSTRACT We present TOI-1259Ab, a 1.0RJup gas giant planet transiting a 0.71R⊙ K-dwarf on a 3.48 d orbit. The system also contains a bound white dwarf companion TOI-1259B with a projected distance of ∼1600 au from the planet host. Transits are observed in nine TESS sectors and are 2.7 per cent deep – among the deepest known – making TOI-1259Ab a promising target for atmospheric characterization. Our follow-up radial velocity measurements indicate a variability of semiamplitude $K=71\, \rm m\, s^{-1}$, implying a planet mass of 0.44MJup. By fitting the spectral energy distribution of the white dwarf, we derive a total age of $4.08^{+1.21}_{-0.53}$ Gyr for the system. The K dwarf’s light curve reveals rotational variability with a period of 28 d, which implies a gyrochronology age broadly consistent with the white dwarf’s total age.
Topical dual-stain fluorescence imaging for intra-operative margin detection enhances tumor-to-normal tissue contrast in excised fresh specimens (2014)

We demonstrate a novel, topical dual-stain fluorescence imaging approach for identifying tumor tissue in excised specimens during surgery. Applying this approach to excised tumor tissue resulted in tumor-to-adipose contrast of 6:1.
Production and degeneration of extracellular matrix regulates cerebral aneurysm growth and are potential targets for aneurysm treatment (2010)

Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is a main cause of a lethal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Given the high incidence of CA in general population, the mechanisms of CA formation should be unlabelled and novel medical therapy for CA before rupture should be developed. The typical pathological feature of CA walls is the decrease of extracellular matrix (ECM). Decreased ECM results in the weakness of CA walls leading the enlargement and rupture of CA. In this article, we have reviewed the recent findings about the mechanisms of decreased ECM in CA walls mainly revealed by experiments using rodent CA models. ECM is the dynamic structure with the continuous synthesis and degeneration of matrix protein. In CA walls, the induced expressions of proteinases by chronic inflammation in arterial bifurcation are present and actively participated in the pathogenesis of CA. Further the synthesis of collagen is suppressed in CA wall through inflammatory stimulus in arterial walls. These results combined together indicate that both decreased synthesis and increased degeneration of ECM by chronic inflammation in CA walls contributes to CA formation. Further these results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of anti-inflammatory drugs for CA.
Ultrafast THz Conductivity Dynamics of a Novel Fe-Doped InGaAs Quantum Photoconductor (2019)

We propose an Fe-doped, InGaAs-based semiconductor heterostructure optimized for the application as an ultrafast photoconductor and investigate its optical as well as THz properties. A sample series with varying doping concentration is grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. After examination of its static optical properties, the pump-induced intraband carrier dynamics are investigated via optical pump-THz probe measurements. Here, we observe conductivity decay times as low as 0.23 ps which are attributed to electron capture into Fe-related defects. These results are corroborated by monitoring the corresponding interband dynamics via all-optical pump-probe measurements. In addition, the competitiveness of THz detectors fabricated from a subset of these samples is demonstrated by integrating them into a standard time-domain spectrometer.
Unified Backwards Facing and Forwards Facing Simulation of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle using MATLAB Simscape (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the implementation of a vehicle and powertrain model of the parallel hybrid electric vehicle which can be used for several purposes: as a model for estimating fuel consumption, as a model for estimating performance, and as a control model for the hybrid powertrain optimisation. The model is specified as a multi-domain physical model in MATLAB Simscape, which captures the key electrical, mechanical and thermal energy flows in the vehicles. By applying hand crafted boundary conditions, this model can be simulated either in the forwards or backwards direction, and it can easily be simplified as required to address specific control problems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Modelling in the forwards direction, the driver inputs are specified, and the vehicle response is the model output. In the backwards direction, the vehicle velocity as a function of time is the specified input, and the engine torque, and fuel consumption are the model outputs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The model represents a parallel hybrid vehicle, which is being developed in the TC48 project. The project goal is to produce a prototype of a plug-in parallel hybrid system which is integrated into existing front wheel drive powertrains with modest additional engineering, cost, volume, and mass requirements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper explains the motivation for the project, and presents examples of the simulations which were used to guide the design. The vehicle simulation models used to evaluate the layout options are described and discussed. Sensitivity analyses are presented which informed the design decisions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A novel use of the Simscape component of MATLAB/Simulink which allows the same model structure to be used for both forwards and backwards simulations is demonstrated. This method has the possibility for more general application, and a toolbox is being developed which assists the generation of mathematical models of this type.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Consideration of inter-population variability to improve ecological relevance of biomarkers (2015)

Among freshwater species intensively used in ecotoxicology, Gammarus fossarum is a relevant test species. In addition to its sensitivity towards contaminants, this species is a common shredder which plays a major role in leaf litter breakdown processes. Many sub-individual and individual responses have been proposed in gammarids in order to monitor and predict effects of chemical compounds on water quality. In this framework, energetic metabolism variations appear to be a good predictive tool to detect physiological disturbance of organisms linked to ecosystem quality. Indeed animal survival depends on the availability of metabolic energy necessary to ensure maintenance, growth and reproduction. Among biological processes to access energy, digestive capacities appear sensitive to contamination stress. In recent studies, based on the use of one reference population, reference and threshold values for digestive enzymes proposed as biomarkers were defined. In the same way, the same research team described link between digestive changes and reproductive impairments. So digestive capacities appear as potential ecologically relevant endpoints to provide information on the consequences likely to occur at the highest hierarchical levels of organization (population). However the use of only one experimental population is not representative of biological diversity. In this way, it appears necessary to precise the between-population variability of these enzyme activities. Among more than 40 sites investigated, 8 populations of Gammarus fossarum considered as reference were selected. On these populations a double approach was applied. In a first step, the basal level of digestive enzyme activities were studied after an acclimation of organisms to similar laboratory conditions. In a second step, the pattern of digestive capacities modulation in the 8 poulations exposed at a similar stress (trophic stress) were considered. This second step aims to identify a potential difference of sensitivity between the eight populations. The results of this preliminary study, underlying changes in digestive enzymes activities, will be discussed according to environmental parameters which could be implied (different sources of food according to the site) but also concerning the potential consequences on the reference and threshold values define previously via one control population.
Influence of the Local Chemical Composition on the Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded Al-Li Alloys (2012)

The increasing interest of the aircraft industry in reduction of structural weight of aircrafts has resulted in the development of lightweight and high-strength Al-Li alloys as well as in the introduction of laser beam welding to the manufacturing process. The objective of this study is the investigation of the influence of variations in the chemical composition on local mechanical properties, like micro-hardness and micro-tensile strength, of CO 2 laser beam welded skin-stringer joints made from AA2196 and AA2198. Additionally the influence of the welding process on weld chemistry is studied in view of the improvement of the weld quality.
New inductively coupled plasma source using a multispiral coil (1995)

The authors have developed a new inductively coupled plasma source (ICPS), using a multispiral coil with 1/3 the inductance of the conventional ICPS coil. This source can produce plasma of 1011 cm−3 or higher density with ±5% fluctuation, at pressures below 10 mTorr.
Statistical tracking of tree-like tubular structures with efficient branching detection in 3D medical image data (2012)

The segmentation of tree-like tubular structures such as coronary arteries and airways is an essential step for many 3D medical imaging applications. Statistical tracking techniques for the extraction of elongated structures have received considerable attention in recent years due to their robustness against image noise and pathological changes. However, most tracking methods are limited to a specific application and do not support branching structures efficiently. In this work, we present a novel statistical tracking approach for the extraction of different types of tubular structures with ringlike cross-sections. Domain-specific knowledge is learned from training data sets and integrated into the tracking process by simple adaption of parameters. In addition, an efficient branching detection algorithm is presented. This approach was evaluated by extracting coronary arteries from 32 CTA data sets and distal airways from 20 CT scans. These data sets were provided by the organizers of the workshop '3D Segmentation in the Clinic: A Grand Challenge II-Coronary Artery Tracking (CAT08)' and 'Extraction of Airways from CT 2009 (EXACT'09)'. On average, 81.5% overlap and 0.51 mm accuracy for the tracking of coronary arteries were achieved. For the extraction of airway trees, 51.3% of the total tree length, 53.6% of the total number of branches and a 4.98% false positive rate were attained. In both experiments, our approach is comparable to state-of-the-art methods.
Ultra-high quality factor optical resonators based on semiconductor nanowires (2008)

We propose a platform to achieve ultra-high Quality factor (Q) optical resonators based on semiconductor nanowires. By defining onedimensional photonic crystal at nanowire ends and engineering the microcavity pattern, cavities with Q of 3 x 10(5) and mode volume smaller than 0.2(lambda/n)(3) have been designed. This represents an increase of almost three orders of magnitude over the Quality factor of an as-grown nanowire. Our cavities are well-suited for the realization of nanowire-based low-threshold lasers, single-photon sources and quantum optical devices that operate in the strong-coupling limit.
LTE Amplify and Forward Relaying for Indoor Coverage Extension (2010)

In many countries more than 70 % of the traffic on cellular networks originates or terminates inside buildings. Driven by an increasing demand for mobile data services, the iPhone effect, this number is expected to rise even higher within the next years. When rolling out new systems addressing high speed data needs, e.g. LTE or HSPA+, a cost effective solution is explored by extending the outdoor macro coverage to in-side. In order to reduce the building penetration path loss, a relay can be used in an amplify and forward (AF) or decode and forward (DF) operation for improving the signal quality. The benefits of a DF relay on the achievable LTE downlink indoor coverage extension has been demonstrated in a previous paper. Implementing the DF relay, however, adds complexity to the system and decreases overall air-interface capacity due to the in-band backhauling. The question then arises as to what level of performance can be expected from a straight forward AF system. This paper reports on first measurement results from deploying a standard optical distributed antenna system (DAS) for the LTE downlink at 2.6 GHz in a LTE real-time testbed. Field trials are performed in a single cell single user setup within an indoor office scenario with various MIMO antenna installations. Results show that the full data throughput of 150 Mbps can be transferred from the macro cell to the inside of the building.
Householder Meets Student (2022)

The Householder algorithm for the QR factorization of a tall thin n x p full-rank matrix X has the added bonus of producing a matrix M with orthonormal columns that are a basis for the orthocomplement of the column space of X. We give a simple formula for M-Transpose x when x is in that orthocomplement. The formula does not require computing M, it only requires the R factor of a QR factorization. This is used to get a remarkably simple computable concrete representation of independent "residuals" in classical linear regression. For Students problem, when p=1, if R(j)=Y(j)-Ybar are the usual (non-independent) residuals, W(j)=R(j+1) - R(1)/(sqrt(n)+1) gives n-1 i.i.d. mean-zero normal variables whose sum of squares is the same as that of the n residuals. Those properties of this formula can (in hindsight) easily be verified directly, yielding a new simple and concrete proof of Student's theorem. It also gives a simple way of generating n-1 exactly mean-zero i.i.d. samples from n samples with unknown mean. Yiping Cheng exhibited concrete linear combinations of the Y(j) with these properties, in the context of a constructive proof of Student's theorem, but that representation is not so simple. Analogous simple results are obtained for regression when there are more predictors, giving a very simple computable concrete formula for n-p i.i.d. independent residuals with the same sum of squares as that of the usual n non-independent residuals. A connection with Cochran's theorem is discussed.
First Demonstration of Fully Integrated Segmented Driver and MZM in <tex>$0.25-\mu\mathrm{m}$</tex> SiGe BiCMOS employing 112 Gb/s PAM4 over 60 km SSMF (2018)

We report on a novel Mach-Zehnder modulator monolithically integrated with drivers in a photonic BiCMOS technotogy. 112 Gb/s PAM4 is successfully transmitted over 60 km SSMF using bulk optical dispersion compensation and a feed-forward equalizer.
Modeling of Power Supply Noise with Non-Linear Drivers using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) Models (2005)

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) functions can be used to model highly nonlinear driver circuits. In this paper, RNN modeling technique is extended to multiple ports to model both the power supply noise and the ground noise accurately. RNN driver models can be extended to multiple ports to capture sensitive effects like Simultaneous Switching Noise (SSN) accurately when multiple driver circuits are switching. A comparison study is performed on test cases between RNN models and transistor level driver circuits for accuracy and computational speed-up is performed on few test cases. Results show that RNN driver models have huge computational speed-up over transistor level driver circuits.