gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recognition of Z-RNA and Z-DNA Determinants by Polyamines in Solution: Experimental and Theoretical Studies (1988)

Protonated polyamines are among the most efficient cations that induce the left-handed Z-form in certain polynucleotides. It is not known, however, whether these cations bind to specific sites on Z-sequences in solution. We have studied potential polyamine binding sites by measuring the effects of polyamines on the binding of purified immunoglobulins (IgGs) to different regions of the Z-helix and by molecular mechanics modeling. The specific binding of anti-Z-DNA and anti-Z-RNA IgGs to Z-helices was studied as a function of spermidine or spermine concentration. The effect of polyamines on the antibody-nucleic acid interaction was different for IgGs with different specificities for various determinants on the Z-helix. Polyamines inhibit the binding of certain anti-Z IgGs directed against specific sites probably at or near the interface between the major convex surface and the phosphate backbone, most likely by competing with the antibody binding site(s). In contrast, polyamines have no effect on other anti-Z IgGs directed against sites determined by the phosphate backbone. Furthermore, these cations can enhance the binding of anti-Z IgG directed against bulky groups at the C-5 position on the major convex surface of the helix; the enhancement may be related to charge neutralization. Under these conditions, no direct binding of antibodies with polyamines was observed. These data suggest the existence of a specific binding site(s) for polyamines on both Z-DNA and Z-RNA in solution. These binding sites have some similarity to those observed in oligonucleotide crystals by Quigley (in "Molecular Structure and Biological Activity," J.F. Griffin and W.L. Duax, eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam (1982), pp. 317-331). The experimental evidence for specific spermine binding sites on the helical surface was supported by molecular mechanics modeling of the interaction of spermine with the major groove of (dG-dC)5.(dG-dC)5 in both the Z- and B-forms. The crystal coordinates of spermine-containing oligonucleotides in both the B- and Z-forms were used as the starting points for modeling studies. The potential energy of spermine bound to the major convex surface of the Z-form was much less favorable than that of spermine bound to the major groove of the B-form. In the presence of sodium ions, however, the Z-form-spermine complexes were favored over the B-form. Thus, both theoretical and experimental studies indicate that polyamines can specifically recognize Z-helical determinants in solution as well as in crystals.
Ultrafast Nonlinear Dynamics in Strongly Coupled Quantum Dot-Cavity system (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Majumdar, D. Englund, M. Bajcsy, and J. Vuckovic, "Ultrafast Nonlinear Dynamics in Strongly Coupled Quantum Dot-Cavity system," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2012, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2012), paper CTh3M.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
On distortion bounds for dependent sources over wireless networks (2011)

Characterizing the set of achievable distortions in lossy transmission of dependent sources over multi-user channels is an open problem. Even for a channel such as the multiple access channel, where the capacity is well-understood, the complete characterization of achievable distortions is still unknown. Since separation of source coding and channel coding is sub-optimal for this case, bounds on achievable distortions require tools beyond prior channel capacities and rate-distortion bounds. In this paper we propose a systematic approach for finding lower bounds on the set of distortions achievable through joint source-channel coding.
An Auto-Calibrated Resistive Measurement System With Low Noise Instrumentation ASIC (2020)

Most of the resistive sensors have a large baseline resistor and a relatively small incremental change in the resistor value due to the measurand. A half-bridge-based versatile ΔR/R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> measurement system for a wide range of resistive sensors is reported in this article. A four-phase auto-calibration-based differential and ratiometric operation is used to compensate for the baseline resistance of the sensor and the mismatches due to the non-ideal circuit parameters. A low-noise application-specific current generator and low noise, high CMRR current-mode instrumentation amplifier is designed and fabricated in UMC 180-nm technology. A prototype board of the ΔR/R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> measurement system is developed and tested. The experimental results show that the proposed system is able to detect even smaller ppm level of about 72 ppm of ΔR/R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> for the base resistor R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> value as high as 0.5 MΩ with a relative error of less than ±1%. The effect of the parasitic capacitors on the sensor response is also tested experimentally. Finally, the proposed system is tested with an in-house fabricated displacement sensor.
Evaluation of penetration speed of liquids into skin using a terahertz time-of-flight method (2021)

Abstract Analyzing the penetration of cosmetic/medical lotions and creams into the skin is important for evaluating their effectiveness. Hence, the penetration speed of liquids into chicken and pig skins was evaluated using a terahertz (THz) time-of-flight method. An arsenide-free disposable THz emitter comprising a silicon film on a sapphire substrate was developed for practical measurements using skin samples. The skin sample was mounted on the THz emitter surface directly so that the generated THz pulses in the silicon film were easily focused on the skin sample. To evaluate the time evolution of the penetration depth, the arrival times of the reflected THz pulses at the edge of the liquid-penetrated region on the skin were observed. As a preliminary experiment, measurements using a stack of conventional glass slides were conducted. In addition, the penetration speed into the chicken and pig skin was compared to prove the practical applicability of our method.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quassinoids. Part 8. Swern Oxidation of α‐Ketols to α‐Diketones. (1990)

Abstract Various acyloins such as (I) are treated with dimethyl sulfoxide and trifluoroacetic anhydride to form the corresponding diketones such as (II) after quenching with triethylamine.
Temperature-Dependent Emission Kinetics of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanoplatelets Strongly Modified by Stacking (2016)

We systematically studied temperature-dependent emission kinetics in solid films of solution-processed CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) that are either intentionally stacked or nonstacked. We observed that the steady-state photoluminescence (PL) intensity of nonstacked NPLs considerably increases with decreasing temperature, whereas there is only a slight increase in stacked NPLs. Furthermore, PL decay time of the stacked NPL ensemble is comparatively much shorter than that of the nonstacked NPLs, and this result is consistent at all temperatures. To account for these observations, we developed a probabilistic model that describes excitonic processes in a stack using Markov chains, and we found excellent agreement between the model and experimental results. These findings develop the insight that the competition between the radiative channels and energy transfer-assisted hole trapping leads to weakly temperature-dependent PL intensity in the case of the stacked NPL ensembles as compared to the nonstacked NPLs lacking strong energy transfer. This study shows that it is essential to account for the effect of NPL stacking to understand their resulting PL emission properties.
MVA vaccine encoding CMV antigens safely induces durable expansion of CMV-specific T cells in healthy adults (2016)

Attenuated poxvirus modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) is a useful viral-based vaccine for clinical investigation, because of its excellent safety profile and property of inducing potent immune responses against recombinant (r) antigens. We developed Triplex by constructing an rMVA encoding 3 immunodominant cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens, which stimulates a host antiviral response: UL83 (pp65), UL123 (IE1-exon4), and UL122 (IE2-exon5). We completed the first clinical evaluation of the Triplex vaccine in 24 healthy adults, with or without immunity to CMV and vaccinia virus (previous DryVax smallpox vaccination). Three escalating dose levels (DL) were administered IM in 8 subjects/DL, with an identical booster injection 28 days later and 1-year follow-up. Vaccinations at all DL were safe with no dose-limiting toxicities. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were documented. Local and systemic reactogenicity was transient and self-limiting. Robust, functional, and durable Triplex-driven expansions of CMV-specific T cells were detected by measuring T-cell surface levels of 4-1BB (CD137), binding to CMV-specific HLA multimers, and interferon-γ production. Marked and durable CMV-specific T-cell responses were also detected in Triplex-vaccinated CMV-seronegatives, and in DryVax-vaccinated subjects. Long-lived memory effector phenotype, associated with viral control during CMV primary infection, was predominantly found on the membrane of CMV-specific and functional T cells, whereas off-target vaccine responses activating memory T cells from the related herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus remained undetectable. Combined safety and immunogenicity results of MVA in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients and Triplex in healthy adults motivated the initiation of a placebo-controlled multicenter trial of Triplex in HCT patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02506933.
Two-Temperature-Zone Silicon Reactor (1983)

When high purity silicon is synthesized by reduction of silicon tetrafluoride by sodium, very-fast highly exothermic reaction takes place. Controlled reaction is proposed in which SiF4-pressurized vertical reactor operates with two temperature zones. Liquid sodium feeds from nozzle at top of rector without reacting with SiF4. When sodium reaches higher temperature region at bottom, reaction takes place immediately.
Rapid, portable, multiplexed detection of harmful algal toxins in freshwater (2022)

Harmful algal blooms are a significant threat to fresh waters necessitating routine testing to protect humans from exposure to contaminated drinking and recreational waters and for forecasting and modelling. Since toxin profiles change spatially and temporally there is significant need for rapid tests that can provide real-time, local answers. Currently, the four classes of toxins that are typically monitored in freshwater are microcystins (MC), cylindrospermopsins (CYN), saxitoxins (STX) and anatoxin-a (ATX-a). There is currently no method of measuring STX in freshwaters in the field and only a semi-quantitative test strip for ATX-a. A rapid, portable multiplexed test would reduce the time and cost associated with collecting critical data while improving human safety by ensuring that all four toxin classes are always monitored. The LightDeck technology enables portable, multiplexed detection of toxins and has been demonstrated in a duplex MC/CYN panel and is being expanded to include STX and ATX toxin classes.
Integrin function in vascular biology (2014)

Mechanisms and consequences of integrin-ligand interactions on blood and vascular cells remain a major topic of hematological research. Crucial to the ligand binding function of integrins are two intracellular binding partners, talin and kindlin. In seeking to define the molecular basis for 'integrin activation', a mechanism must be envisioned in which both proteins talin and kindlin are required to produce a productive functional response, be it platelet aggregation or leukocyte extravasation. On endothelial cells, integrins and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 influence the activation of one another by virtue of their direct physical interaction. It has been shown that this bidirectional communication is subject to regulation during angiogenesis.
Straightforward Synthesis of 3‐Aminothiophenes Using Activated Amides (2019)

Abstract Herein, we describe a facile approach towards the synthesis of diversely substituted 3‐aminothiophenes. A wide range of functional groups can be incorporated at the C(2), C(4), and C(5) positions of the thiophenes, and this route is also suitable for the synthesis of fused bicyclic heterocycles such as 3‐aminotetrahydrobenzothiophenes. This methodology relies on a 6π ‐electrocyclization involving a vinyl sulfide linked to a keteniminium salt, the latter being formed in‐situ through activation of the corresponding amide with triflic anhydride.
Rationale and evidence for the development of a durable device-based cardiac neuromodulation therapy for hypertension (2018)

We assessed the feasibility of achieving acute, sustained blood pressure reductions through the use of cardiac pacing algorithms delivered via standard dual-chamber pacing based on introducing short atrio-ventricular (AV) delays (SAVD). Eighteen hypertensive subjects (57.3 ± 9.8 years old; 10 male and 8 female) with average initial systolic and diastolic blood pressures of 151.2 ± 17.6/92.2 ± 12.7 mmHg already scheduled to undergo an invasive electrophysiology procedure were included in this study. Pacing sequences were applied for ∼1-minute intervals with AV delays of 80, 40, 20 and 2 ms, while making high fidelity blood pressure measurements. Average reductions of 19.6 ± 7.7 mmHg in systolic pressure and 4.3 ± 3.8 mmHg in diastolic pressure (P < .001 each) were demonstrated with 2 ms AV delay pacing. Initial SBP reductions were followed by rebound effects which diminished the SBP reducing effects of SAVD pacing, likely due to baroceptor activation causing increased peripheral resistance. This effect was eliminated by intermittent introduction of longer AV delay pacing which modulated the baroreflexes. These findings provide the rationale and evidence underlying recent data showing significant and long-term blood pressure reductions in response to this cardiac neuromodulation therapy in hypertensive patients despite medical therapy.
Nanofiber Cathode Catalyst Layer Model for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (2014)

The cathode catalyst layer in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is now known to contain ionomer nanofibers and experiments have demonstrated a fuel cell performance increase of ∼10% due to those nanofibers. The experiments demonstrate that ionomer nanofibers have proton conductivities that exceed those of the bulk form of the ionomer by more than an order of magnitude. A new model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is presented here that predicts the effect of nanofibers on cell performance in terms of the enhanced nanofiber proton conductivity and other relevant variables. The model peak cell power density is ∼7% greater for the case with 10% of the cathode catalyst layer ionomer in nanofiber form versus the same case without nanofibers. This difference is consistent with trends observed in previously published experimental results. These results are significant since they suggest alternative methods to reduce platinum loading in fuel cells and to optimize fuel cell performance.
Scalable host controller for modular hardware accelerator (2011)

This paper presents a scalable host controller for modular hardware accelerator. Designing a hardware method of scalable host controller can handle multiple processing units at the same time. Currently in System on Chip (SoC) design, multiple processing units accessing the memory to request a task lead to inefficient communications due to bus congestion. In addition, designing a scalable host controller helps the transactions schedule consistently between different processing units in the modular hardware accelerator. In this paper, the hardware approach of scalable host controller design is expected to support up to seven different processing units.
β-Peptides as catalysts: poly-β-leucine as acatalyst for the Juliá–Colonna asymmetric epoxidation ofenones (2001)

Poly-beta-leucines have been evaluated as catalysts for the Juliá-Colonna asymmetric epoxidation of enones; the beta 3-isomer was found to be an effective catalyst for the epoxidation of chalcone (70% ee) and some analogues.
Inter-Beat Interval Estimation from Facial Video Based on Reliability of BVP Signals (2019)

Inter-beat interval (IBI) and heart rate variability (HRV) are important cardiac parameters that provide physiological and emotional states of a person. In this paper, we present a framework for accurate IBI and HRV estimation from a facial video based on the reliability of extracted blood volume pulse (BVP) signals. Our framework first extracts candidate BVP signals from randomly sampled multiple face patches. The BVP signals are then assessed based on a reliability metric to select the most reliable BVP signal, from which IBI and HRV are calculated. In experiments, we evaluate three reliability metrics and demonstrate that our framework can estimate IBI and HRV more accurately than a conventional single face region-based framework.
Electronic Transport in the Biopigment Sepia Melanin (2020)

Eumelanin is the most common form of the pigment melanin in the human body, with diverse functions including photoprotection, antioxidant behavior, metal chelation, and free radical scavenging. Melanin also plays a role in melanoma skin cancer and Parkinson's disease. Sepia melanin is a natural eumelanin extracted from the ink sac of cuttlefish. Eumelanin is an ideal candidate to eco-design technologies based on abundant, biosourced, and biodegradable organic electronic materials to alleviate the environmental footprint of the electronics sector. Herein, the focus is on the reversible electrical resistive switching in dry and wet Sepia eumelanin pellets, pointing to the possibility of predominant electronic transport satisfying <i>conditio sine qua non</i> to develop melanin-based electronic devices. These findings shed light on the possibility to describe the transport physics of dry eumelanin using the amorphous semiconductor model. Results are of tremendous importance for the development of sustainable organic electronics.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Fluorinated Dioxoles and Dioxolanes. Part 3. Fluorinated Dioxolane Olefins and Epoxides. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Model prediction of radical composition in plasmas and correlation with measured etch characteristics of silicon dioxide (1996)

A computational model for plasma chemical reactions has been developed. An ab initio molecular orbital method was used to determine dissociation paths and their threshold energies. Plasma characteristics were calculated by a plasma kinetic method. The radical compositions in , with additional gases such as Ar, He and , were calculated. Radicals influencing the selective etching of over were analysed. With increased microwave power or decreased flow rate, density decreased and CF, C and F densities increased. The increase of radicals with abundant carbon relative to fluorine would result in high etch selectivity of over and a low etch rate. Increases in the concentration of F radicals are correlated with increases in etch rates. Electron temperature was high with He addition, and dropped with alone and Ar addition discharges. On the contrary, the electron density was high in the reverse order. The highest etch selectivity was obtained with He addition. A high electron temperature discharge would be one solution to obtain high etch selectivity of over .
Defining the Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Modulating Human Immune Function (2000)

As this volume clearly demonstrates, the interaction between nutrition and immune function is multidimensional, highly integrated, and extremely complex. A growing number of reports in the literature suggest that this interaction is true for both "nonessential" components of the diet as well as the classically defined essential micronutrients and macronutrients, with "nonessential" components comprising plant-derived compounds (phytochemicals), certain bacteria and their metabolites, certain fatty acids and peptides, and so forth. Indeed, epidemiological data strongly suggest that intake of foods rich in certain phytochemicals, such as fruits, vegetables, and nuts, is protective against chronic diseases such as cancer (1–3) and cardiovascular disease (4,5). Given the critical role of immune cells and signaling molecules in these health conditions, these data imply a potential interaction of phytochemicals with immune function. This hypothesis is supported by a large amount of data demonstrating the ability of some phytochemicals to modulate immune cells and signaling molecules in vitro and in certain animal models. However, it must be recognized that current knowledge of the interaction between these "nonessential" components, including phytochemicals, and immune function generally lags behind that available in the literature on essential nutrients, especially with respect to human clinical data.
Super-resolution from image sequence under influence of hot-air optical turbulence (2008)

The appearance of a distant object, when viewed through a telephoto-lens, is often deformed nonuniformly by the influence of hot-air optical turbulence. The deformation is unsteady: an image sequence can include nonuniform movement of the object even if a stationary camera is used for a static object. This study proposes a multi-frame super-resolution reconstruction from such an image sequence. The process consists of the following three stages. In the first stage, an image frame without deformation is estimated from the sequence. However, there is little detailed information about the object. In the second stage, each frame in the sequence is aligned non-rigidly to the estimated image using a non-rigid deformation model. A stable non-rigid registration technique with a B-spline function is also proposed in this study for dealing with a textureless region. In the third stage, a multi-frame super-resolution reconstruction using the non-rigid deformation recovers the detailed information in the frame obtained in the first stage. Experiments using synthetic images demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed non-rigid registration technique. Furthermore, experiments using real sequences underscore the effectiveness of the proposed process.