gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate Properties and Elevated-Temperature Performances of LiNi[sub 0.5−x]Cr[sub 2x]Mn[sub 1.5−x]O[sub 4] (0≤2x≤0.8) as 5 V Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2010)

A series of Cr-substituted spinel cathodes has been prepared and their electrochemical properties were characterized at different C rates and temperatures. Although the pristine showed a capacity loss from at 0.2C to at 10C at room temperature, showed capacity retention after 400 cycles under the same conditions and gave the best rate property. At , retained of its capacity after 50 cycles; 98, 92.1, and 91.7% capacities were still observed for , , and , respectively. Structural analyses and surface morphology changes show that although no second phase was detected during cycling, there is a surface rearrangement on the electrodes. Elemental analyses indicated that the Cr substitution helps to suppress the surface atomic rearrangement, which improves the electrochemical performance.
The design and characterization of a digital optical breast cancer imaging system (2008)

Optical imaging has the potential to play a major role in breast cancer screening and diagnosis due to its ability to image cancer characteristics such as angiogenesis and hypoxia. A promising approach to evaluate and quantify these characteristics is to perform dynamic imaging studies in which one monitors the hemodynamic response to an external stimulus, such as a valsalva maneuver. It has been shown that the response to such stimuli shows MARKED differences between cancerous and healthy tissues. The fast imaging rates and large dynamic range of digital devices makes them ideal for this type of imaging studies. Here we present a digital optical tomography system designed specifically for dynamic breast imaging. The instrument uses laser diodes at 4 different near-infrared wavelengths with 32 sources and 128 silicon photodiode detectors.
A Low Back-lobe Miniaturized Circular Polarized Antenna with Spiral Elements (2022)

In this paper, we propose a method to decrease back-lobe radiation of the small Circular Polarized (CP) antenna. The proposed CP antenna is composed of four antenna elements arranged in a rotational symmetry at 90 degrees on the ground, which are excited with the same amplitude and 90 degrees phase difference. Each antenna element is formed by a spiral antenna branched from the near the middle of an inverted-L antenna. From the result of simulation, backward radiation of the proposed CP antenna can be decreased by 13 dB due to the addition of the spiral elements.
A sparse multiscale nonlinear autoregressive model for seizure prediction (2021)

<i>Objectives.</i>Accurate seizure prediction is highly desirable for medical interventions such as responsive electrical stimulation. We aim to develop a classification model that can predict seizures by identifying preictal states, i.e. the precursor of a seizure, based on multi-channel intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals.<i>Approach.</i>A two-level sparse multiscale classification model was developed to classify interictal and preictal states from iEEG data. In the first level, short time-scale linear dynamical features were extracted as autoregressive (AR) model coefficients; arbitrary (usually long) time-scale linear and nonlinear dynamical features were extracted as Laguerre-Volterra AR model coefficients; root-mean-square error of model prediction was used as a feature representing model unpredictability. In the second level, all features were fed into a sparse classifier to discriminate the iEEG data between interictal and preictal states.<i>Main results</i>. The two-level model can accurately classify seizure states using iEEG data recorded from ten canine and human subjects. Adding arbitrary (usually long) time-scale and nonlinear features significantly improves model performance compared with the conventional AR modeling approach. There is a high degree of variability in the types of features contributing to seizure prediction across different subjects.<i>Significance</i>. This study suggests that seizure generation may involve distinct linear/nonlinear dynamical processes caused by different underlying neurobiological mechanisms. It is necessary to build patient-specific classification models with a wide range of dynamical features.
Coulomb Blockade and Single Electron Effects in Arrays of Selforganized Ultrasmall Metal Clusters Observed at Room Temperature (1998)

Operation of Single Electron Devices at room temperature is strongly correlated with the fabrication of ultrasmall conductive islands separated by well defined tunneling barriers. The requirements e 2 /2C >> k B T and R T >> h/e 2 ≃ 25.8kΩ force the capacitances to be in the sub aF range and hence the particle size to be only a few nm in diameter. In a first part we report on STM-studies of selforganized Pt clusters (1-4 nm in diameter) on top of a thin isolating Al 2 O 3 layer being supported by an underlying atomically flat Au-substrate. The complete sample structure has been. fabricated and measured in UHV without breaking the vacuum With the STM-tip as a second contact electrode, this system establishes a double-tunnel- junction, which exhibits Coulomb blockade effects at room temperature. The recorded I(U)-curves on individual clusters showed a variety of features like a Coulomb gap, Coulomb staircase, barrier suppression and asymmetric tunneling barrier effects, with the Coulomb gap (0.3-1.5 eV) being the most often observed feature. In a second part we present the results of measurements done on an 2-dimensional array of selforganized Pt dots being placed in a 30-120 nm wide gap between two microstructured electrodes on top of an oxidized Si-wafer (100 nm SiO 2 ). We demonstrated a clear Coulomb gap of 0.1 - I eV at room temperature. We were able to change the current through the array by applying a gate voltage to the silicon substrate and therefore demonstrated a transistor like device based on the single electron tunneling in a 2-dimensional array of selforganized metal dots. In some cases we could observe a gate- voltage induced oscillating behaviour of the current.
Genome-wide tandem repeat expansions contribute to schizophrenia risk (2022)

Tandem repeat expansions (TREs) can cause neurological diseases but their impact in schizophrenia is unclear. Here we analyzed genome sequences of adults with schizophrenia and found that they have a higher burden of TREs that are near exons and rare in the general population, compared with non-psychiatric controls. These TREs are disproportionately found at loci known to be associated with schizophrenia from genome-wide association studies, in individuals with clinically-relevant genetic variants at other schizophrenia loci, and in families where multiple individuals have schizophrenia. We showed that rare TREs in schizophrenia may impact synaptic functions by disrupting the splicing process of their associated genes in a loss-of-function manner. Our findings support the involvement of genome-wide rare TREs in the polygenic nature of schizophrenia.
A large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition system for Hindi (2004)

In this paper we present two new techniques that have been used to build a large-vocabulary continuous Hindi speech recognition system. We present a technique for fast bootstrapping of initial phone models of a new language. The training data for the new language is aligned using an existing speech recognition engine for another language. This aligned data is used to obtain the initial acoustic models for the phones of the new language. Following this approach requires less training data. We also present a technique for generating baseforms (phonetic spellings) for phonetic languages such as Hindi. As is inherent in phonetic languages, rules generally capture the mapping of spelling to phonemes very well. However, deep linguistic knowledge is required to write all possible rules, and there are some ambiguities in the language that are difficult to capture with rules. On the other hand, pure statistical techniques for baseform generation require large amounts of training data, which is not readily available. We propose a hybrid approach that combines rule-based and statistical approaches in a two-step fashion. We evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches through various phonetic classification and recognition experiments.
Hypomagnesemia and vasoconstriction: possible relationship to etiology of sudden death ischemic heart disease and hypertensive vascular diseases. (1981)

In-vitro experiments are presented which indicate that the concentration of extracellular magnesium ions ([Mg2+]o) can exert profound influences on the contractility and reactivity of arteries, arterioles and veins from a number of regional vasculatures in several mammalian species, including man. Hypomagnesemia can potentiate the contractile activity of a variety of neurohumoral substances and induce vasospasm. Hypermagnesemia can do the reverse, i.e., induce hyporeactivity, relaxation and vasodilatation. Data are also presented to indicate that [Mg2+]o can control the entry, distribution and exit of calcium ions (Ca2+) from vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterial and venous smooth muscles excised from rats with alloxan-diabetes mellitus or spontaneous hypertension (SHR) appear to exhibit vascular membranes which have modifications in their Mg-Ca exchange sites. Data are reviewed which suggest that certain vascular diseases (e.g., sudden-death ischemic heart disease, hypertension, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus) are associated with a Mg-deficiency. Overall, it is suggested that [Mg2+]o and membrane [Mg] may play critical roles in regulating vascular tone and homeostasis.
Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4 Electrodes with Carboxylated Poly(vinyl difluoride) in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Experimental and Theoretical Analysis (2011)

The adhesion strengths between LiFePO4 cathodes and aluminum (Al) current collectors as well as the corresponding electrochemical properties of electrodes with carboxylated poly(vinyl difluoride) (C-PVdF) were experimentally and theoretically investigated. The adhesion strength of LiFePO4 cathodes with C-PVdF on Al current collectors were increased, compared with that of as-received PVdF, resulting in the reduction of the internal resistance of the electrode. These results were supported by theoretical simulations based on the Metropolis Monte Carlo method. Electrochemical experiments indicated that the cyclability and rate capabilities of the cathode were improved as the weight fraction of C-PVdF in the electrode increased up to 70% of the polymer binders. In addition, 18 650-sized full cells employing the electrodes with C-PVdF showed promising performance in terms of rate capability as well as long-term cyclability, which suggests that this strategy can be beneficial for the realization of high power sources such as electric vehicles, electric bikes, and various power tools.
PRIOR HIP OR KNEE PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTION (PJI) IN ANOTHER JOINT INCREASES RISK OF PJI AFTER PRIMARY TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY THREE-FOLD: A MATCHED CONTROL STUDY (2018)

Introduction There is no literature regarding the risk of a patient developing PJI after primary TKA if the patient has previously experienced PJI of a TKA or THA in another joint. The goal of this...
Implementation of wireless LAN access point with quality of service support (2003)

The maintaining of the quality of service (QoS) of the data transfers in wireless local area networks (WLAN) is an extensive task. An implementation of an access point (AP) providing an access from WLANs to backbone wired networks is presented in this paper. The AP adapts the QoS signalling of the connected networks. The AP has been implemented in Windows NT workstation as a protocol driver and its operation has been verified. The evaluation of the driver performance encourages the usage of the AP in demanding environments.
Parametric Study of High Dielectric Constant Helmet Characterization (2023)

Helmets conformal to the human head with high or ultra-high dielectric constant (HDC/uHDC) materials have been shown to enhance the SNR of entire human head along with a receive array. However, the dielectric resonance modes (DRMs) of the helmet have not been studies systematically. This investigation aimed to; 1) describe the characteristics of the DRMs and their RF field distributions; 2) establish the relationships between DRMs and the basic geometric parameters of the helmet using numerical modeling. Understand the DRMs of large uHDC structures are fundamentally important for future applications of uHDC materials for RF field reach.
Increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons in aromatization of n-butane over Ga/H-ZSM-5 zeolite using a palladium membrane (2021)

The successful use of a palladium membrane to enhance the yield of benzene–toluene–xylene (BTX) fraction in n-butane aromatization at 530 °C and 95 atm on a Ga/H-ZSM-5 catalyst has been shown. Removal of hydrogen from the reaction zone through the palladium membrane led to an increase in both the n-butane conversion and the selectivity of the BTX fraction formation.
Electrical Behavior of Nano-scale Junctions with Well Engineered Double Stranded DNA Molecules (2006)

The electrical conduction through polycation stabilized short (15 base-pairs, ~5.4nm) double standard (ds)-DNA molecules are measured at ambient. The metal-DNA interface properties are studied by functionalizing the DNA with a thiol group attachment at their 3’ and 5’ ends using different spacers. The thermodynamically stable ds-DNA strands are prepared from the single DNA chains and their complements in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and immobilized between isolated pairs of gold (Au) electrodes. Molecular scale gaps between contacts were formed by an electromigration technique performed on a lithographically defined Au micro-wire that is e-beam evaporated over oxidized silicon substrate using a molecular adhesion monolayer. The DNA strands are stabilized by exposing to a polycation environment (spermidine in PBS). In the 15 base-pair double strands, the conductivity is observed to change systematically with DNA sequence and end-group structure.
MO253A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED DOSE-RANGING STUDY (LUMINA-1 STUDY) TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF CCX140 IN SUBJECTS WITH FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROISS (FSGS)* (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most common primary glomerular disease in patients with end stage renal disease in the United States. Current treatment regimens target reduction in proteinuria, but may have limited response or exhibit disease recurrence. CCX140 is an orally-administered selective small molecule inhibitor of the C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) under investigation for the treatment reduction of proteinuria in patients with FSGS. The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CCX140 in patients with FSGS and a urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR) of ≥1 g/g. Efficacy was assessed by the change in UPCR. Method Forty-six adult patients with primary or genetic FSGS were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 dose-ranging study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CCX140. Changes of urinary protein excretion estimation (UPCR) from baseline to Week 12 were measured in four blinded treatment groups (three active CCX140 doses of 5 mg once daily, 10 mg and 15 mg twice-daily (BID) vs placebo). Starting at Week 12, all subjects including those in the placebo group received the CCX140, 15 mg BID for an additional 12 weeks, and UPCR changes from Week 12 to Week 24 were assessed. There was a 4-week follow-up period from Week 24 to Week 28 where no CCX140 was administered. Results In the intent to treat (ITT) analysis of UPCR changes at Week 12 relative to baseline, the 15 mg BID CCX140 group exhibited the greatest reduction of UPCR (median reduction from baseline 0.9 g/g or approximately 30%, and approximately 25% reduction from baseline for the geometric mean), but that did not differ significantly from the placebo group (median reduction from baseline 0.45 g/g; or approximately 22%, and approximately 23% reduction from baseline for the geometric mean). Also, after crossover of the blinded portion of the trial to 15 mg BID active dosing, the previous placebo group did not appear to exhibit an additional reduction of UPCR. CCX140 at all doses was well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events (SAEs) during the blinded trial and a numerically lower rate of treatment-emergent adverse events in the CCX140 treatment groups. Conclusion In the study, CCX140 did not demonstrate a therapeutically meaningful reduction in proteinuria relative to the control group after 12 weeks of blinded treatment. The study provides insights into the natural disease progression of patients with primary or genetic FSGS as part of a clinical trial setting.
A Proof of Convergence of the Horn--Schunck Optical Flow Algorithm in Arbitrary Dimension (2014)

The Horn and Schunck (HS) method, which amounts to the Jacobi iterative scheme in the interior of the image, was one of the first optical flow algorithms. In this article, we prove the convergence of the HS method, whenever the problem is well-posed. Our result is shown in the framework of a generalization of the HS method in dimension <i>n</i> ≥ 1, with a broad definition of the discrete Laplacian. In this context, the condition for the convergence is that the intensity gradients are not all contained in a same hyperplane. Two other articles ([17] and [13]) claimed to solve this problem in the case <i>n</i> = 2, but it appears that both of these proofs are erroneous. Moreover, we explain why some standard results on the convergence of the Jacobi method do not apply for the HS problem, unless <i>n</i> = 1. It is also shown that the convergence of the HS scheme implies the convergence of the Gauss-Seidel and SOR schemes for the HS problem.
Mast4 determines the cell fate of MSCs for bone and cartilage development (2022)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) differentiation into different lineages is precisely controlled by signaling pathways. Given that protein kinases play a crucial role in signal transduction, here we show that Microtubule Associated Serine/Threonine Kinase Family Member 4 (Mast4) serves as an important mediator of TGF-β and Wnt signal transduction in regulating chondro-osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Suppression of Mast4 by TGF-β1 led to increased Sox9 stability by blocking Mast4-induced Sox9 serine 494 phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation, ultimately enhancing chondrogenesis of MSCs. On the other hand, Mast4 protein, which stability was enhanced by Wnt-mediated inhibition of GSK-3β and subsequent Smurf1 recruitment, promoted β-catenin nuclear localization and Runx2 activity, increasing osteogenesis of MSCs. Consistently, Mast4<sup>-/-</sup> mice demonstrated excessive cartilage synthesis, while exhibiting osteoporotic phenotype. Interestingly, Mast4 depletion in MSCs facilitated cartilage formation and regeneration in vivo. Altogether, our findings uncover essential roles of Mast4 in determining the fate of MSC development into cartilage or bone.
Augmenting Mood Boards: Flexible and Intuitive Interaction in the Context of the Design Studio (2007)

In our studies aimed at understanding design practice we have identified the creation of mood boards as a relevant task for designers. In this paper we introduce an interactive table that supports one part of the mood-board making process (i.e. image browsing) by providing flexible and intuitive interaction for designers in the context of their design studios. We propose an image browser that: 1) merges with the real context allowing designers to work in the comfort of their existing design studio environment, 2) captures the current flexibility of interaction with physical images by allowing designers to work using hand movements, and 3) provides an alternative solution to a cluttered desk and messy design studio by using the space above the table for interaction. Exploratory evaluations show that designers were able to use the system with no prior training, and to see a practical use of the proposed image browser in their design studios.
Identifying trouble patterns in complex IT services engagements (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> What causes complex information technology services engagements to fail? The root cause for the failure may derive from several sources, including unclear requirements, poor project management practices, underestimation of technical complexity, not accounting for the overhead in using global labor arbitrage, and rapid scope or schedule changes. In this paper, we explore how quantifiable measures of project progress gathered at several important stages of the life cycle of a project can aid in early identification of troubled projects. Specifically, we define derived statistical measures that can be used to predict the eventual outcome of a project. These predictions are used to initiate accelerated risk mitigation plans. In addition to the discussion surrounding the prediction models, we also discuss the importance of the “packaging” and presentation of the statistical data that result in the successful use of our system. Our work has been adopted and used in a project health management system that is deployed worldwide by IBM Global Business Services. </para>
Synthesis, Properties, and Derivatization of Poly(dihydrogermane): A Gemanium-based Polyethylene Analogue (2020)

Polygermanes are germanium-based analogues of polyolefins and possess polymer backbones made up catenated Ge atoms. In the present contribution we report the preparation of a stable germanium polyethylene analogue – polydihydrogermane (i.e., (GeH2)n) – via two straightforward approaches that involve topotactic deintercalation of the CaGe Zintl phase. The resulting (GeH2)n possess morphologically dependent chemical and electronic properties and thermally decompose to yield amorphous hydrogenated Ge. We also show that the resulting (GeH2)n provide a platform from which functionalized polygermanes can be prepared via thermally-induced hydrogermylation-mediated pendant group substitution. This facile one-step derivatization reaction exploits Ge–H reactivity and opens the door to a wide array of tailored functional polygermanes.
Serological response to in vitro-shed antigen(s) of Tritrichomonas foetus in cattle (1996)

We developed a serological assay for detection of (l) an erythrocyte-adhering molecule(s) shed by the bovine venereal pathogen Tritrichomonas foetus and (II) serum antibodies to this antigen(s) in exposed cattle. Sera from exposed and unexposed cattle were tested for their ability to induce complement-mediated lysis of bovine erythrocytes that had been previously incubated overnight at room temperature in pH-adjusted supernatants of T. foetus culture media. Eight of 180 serum specimens from six groups of presumably unexposed cows or heifers showed a positive (> or = 1:2) hemolytic titer (specificity = 95.6%). Thirteen of 14 females in two experimentally infected groups showed a positive hemolytic titer following infection (sensitivity = 94%). In experimentally infected heifers, there was little correlation (r2 = 0.33) between serum hemolytic titers with respect to shed antigen and titers obtained in serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in which whole T. foetus served as the antigen. Serum hemolytic titers rose 3 to 4 weeks sooner than did previously described vaginal mucus immunoglobulin G1 or immunoglobulin A titers with respect to whole-cell antigen or TF1.17 subunit antigen, respectively. Among 14 chronically infected bulls, only 6 (43%) showed a positive hemolytic titer. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to show a specific serological response in the host to an in vitro-shed antigen(s) of T. foetus and suggests a useful diagnostic test for potentially exposed herds.