gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GDNF-Secreting Human Neural Progenitor Cells Increase Tyrosine Hydroxylase and VMAT2 Expression in MPTP-Treated Cynomolgus Monkeys (2008)

Human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) have been proposed as a potential source of cells for ex vivo gene therapy. In this pilot study, three 5-year-old female cynomolgus monkeys received a single intracarotid infusion of MPTP, followed 1 week later by MRI-guided stereotaxic intrastriatal and intranigral injections of male hNPCs transgenic for GDNF. Immunosupression with oral cyclosporine (30-40 mg/kg) began 48 h before hNPC transplants and continued throughout the study. We monitored the animals using a clinical rating scale (CRS). Three months postsurgery, we euthanized the animals by transcardiac perfusion, then retrieved and processed their brains for morphological analysis. Our findings include the following. 1) hNPCs survived and produced GDNF in all animals 3 months postsurgery. 2) hNPCs remained in the areas of injection as observed by GDNF immunostaining and in situ hybridization for the human Y chromosome. 3) A "halo" of GDNF expression was observed diffusing from the center of the graft out into the surrounding area. 4) We observed increased TH- and VMAT2-positive fibers in areas of GDNF delivery in two of the three animals. The two animals with TH- and VMAT2-positive fibers also showed reductions in their CRS scores. 5) Some GFAP-positive perivascular cuffing was found in transplanted areas. 6) General blood chemistry and necropsies did not reveal any abnormalities. Therefore, we conclude that hNPCs releasing GDNF may be a possible alternative for intracerebral trophic factor delivery in Parkinson's disease.
Current-in-Plane GMR Trilayer Head Design for Hard-Disk Drives: Characterization and Extendibility (2007)

The current-in-plane giant magnetoresistive (GMR) trilayer readback sensor (CIP-3L), where only one permanent magnet at the back edge of the GMR stack is used to stabilize and bias a dual free layer system, is reviewed. Micromagnetic modeling is employed to show that the design has improved efficiency over abutted junction (ABJ) tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) head designs. An experimental evaluation of how permanent magnet thickness (PM Th), interlayer exchange coupling (J), and stripe height impact the signal-to-noise ratio, symmetry, and stability of prototype CIP-3L heads is conducted. The study indicates that PM Th >400 nm, J<-0.8 erg/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and a read width to SH aspect ratio of 1:1 to 0.75:1, gives optimal transfer curve performance. A head gimbal assembly spinstand comparison on perpendicular recording media with best-in-class TMR readers shows that although the amplitude of the CIP-3L heads is lower (believed to be process related), the symmetry, stability, and most important, bit-error rate normalized to electrical write width and read width, are comparable. In addition, the CIP-3L design shows better linearity and low-frequency noise performance than TMR heads. The areal density performance of the best CIP-3L heads shows 195 Gb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> recording capability and linear densities of 1100 kbpi
Contelli (2014)

Intelligent keyboards aid fast text entry by correcting user's erroneous input, but there is a big problem that a user always has to watch and judge of their suggestion results. Contelli, a user-controllable intelligent keyboard, monitors the duration of each key-tapping, and analyzes the possibility of mis-typing only for short-tapped letters. A long-tapped letter is regarded as a precise input and excluded in the process of candidate generation from a lexicon. Using Contelli, a user may actively "control" the intelligent keyboards. S/he may type ordinary words quickly on watch-sized small touchscreens. Also, s/he may input a word as typed without switching off the automatic replacement or performing additional actions for the replaced result. In addition, long-tapping a part of a string reduces the number of replacement candidates, which contributes the more precise word replacement for highly erroneous input typed on small touchscreens.
Postnatal developmental profiles of filamentous actin and of 200 kDa neurofilament polypeptide in the visual cortex of light‐ and dark‐reared rats and their relationship to critical period plasticity (1985)

The concept of critical period plasticity in rat visual cortex has been studied in terms of changes in the level of filamentous actin and of the 200 kDa neurofilament polypeptide. Our results suggest that the postnatal developmental profile of filamentous actin is affected by visual experience, as a consequence of eye-opening. No such correlation, however, is detected for the 200 kDa neurofilament polypeptide. The significance of these findings in relationship to neuronal plasticity is discussed in terms of changes in the state and equilibrium conditions of the cytoskeletal proteins.
Selective embolization with magnetized microbeads using magnetic resonance navigation in a controlled‐flow liver model (2018)

In this study, we showed that the use of a balloon catheter reduces arterial hepatic flow magnitude and variation with the aim to reduce steering failures caused by fast blood flow rates and low magnetic steering forces. A mathematical model confirmed that the reduced flow rate is low enough to maximize steering ratio. After reproducing the flow rate in a vascular bifurcation phantom, we demonstrated the feasibility of MRN after injection of microparticle aggregates through a dedicated injector. This work is an important step leading to MRN-based selective embolization techniques in humans.
Determining Effects of Freezing on Pasta Filata and Non-Pasta Filata Mozzarella Cheeses by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2003)

The formation of ice during freezing of pasta filata and non-pasta filata Mozzarella cheeses, and the spatial redistribution of water T2 relaxation time and the changes of water self-diffusion coefficient (D) within the unfrozen and frozen-stored cheese samples were observed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Images of water spin number density and water T2 relaxation time were obtained using spin-echo imaging pulse sequence. The water self-diffusion coefficient was measured by pulsed-field gradient spin-echo technique. The ice formation was accompanied by loss of signal intensity in the affected areas of the cheese sample. There was a significant change in T2 and D values of water following freezing-thawing, which can be used to characterize the effect of freezing on cheeses. The D values of the frozen-stored pasta filata Mozzarella cheese samples were higher than those for the unfrozen samples. Such a difference was not observed for the non-pasta filata Mozzarella cheese samples. The T2 distributions of frozen-stored pasta filata Mozzarella cheese samples were narrower, and those for the non-pasta filata Mozzarella cheese samples were broader T2. This may be attributed to the microstructure differences between the two cheeses.
Enhanced accumulation of microalgal pigments using metal nanoparticle solutions as light filtering devices (2013)

Localized surface plasmon resonances of various metal nanoparticles are used as wavelength specific backscattering light filters. Placing spheroidal silver nanoparticles and gold nanorods around microalgal culture flasks increased the formation of photopigments in Chlorella vulgaris microalgal cells by such backscattering in the spectral regions favourable for microalgal growth.
Application of kusumoto cost-metric to evaluate the cost effectiveness of software inspections (2012)

Inspections and testing are two widely recommended techniques for improving software quality. While testing cannot be conducted until software is implemented, inspections can help find and fix the faults right after their injection in the requirements and design documents. It is estimated that majority of testing cost is spent on fault rework and can be saved by inspections of early software products. However there is a lack of evidence regarding the testing costs saved by performing inspections. This research analyzes the costs and benefits of inspections and testing to decide on whether to schedule an inspection. We also analyzed the effect of the team size on the decision of how to organize the inspections. Another aspect of our research evaluates the use of Capture Recapture (CR) estimation method when the actual fault count of software product is unknown. Using data from 73 inspectors, we applied the Kusumoto metric to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the inspections with varying team size. Our results provide a detailed analysis of the number of inspectors required for varying levels of cost-effectiveness during inspections; and the number of inspectors required by the CR estimators to provide estimates within 5% to 20% of the actual.
Reducing the burden of iron deficiency anemia in Cote D’Ivoire through fortification (2020)

In places with high prevalence of malaria and other infectious diseases, such as the Côte D'Ivoire, food fortification as a nutritional intervention should be accompanied with infectious disease prevention and control. The findings of this study provide additional input for policy makers about the magnitude of the impact and can support the conception of future fortification strategies.
The role of the prefrontal cortex in the go/no‐go task in humans: a positron emission tomography study (2000)

To study the localization of response inhibition in the human brain, especially the role of the prefrontal cortex and laterality of its activation, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure regional cerebral blood flow in 11 right‐handed participants while they performed a go/no‐go and a simple control reaction‐time task. In the control task, the participants responded to a target stimulus following a cue stimulus. In the go/no‐go task they were instructed to inhibit the required response if the target stimulus did not appear. These tasks were performed using each hand. The right prefrontal cortex was found to be significantly activated when the go/no‐go task was compared with the control task, regardless of the responding hand. The results indicated that response inhibition per se may be controlled by the right prefrontal cortex regardless of response hand for right‐handed participants.
Advanced Systems Integration of 540 KVA Inverter and 1.86 MWh Battery Energy Storage System for Microgrid Application: A Case Study (2022)

This paper discusses the realization of advanced systems integration that has 540 KVA three-phase bidirectional inverter and 1863.68 kWh lithium-ion battery energy storage system (BESS) at Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) with a partnership of University of Central Florida (UCF) and A.F. Mensah Inc. The purpose of this paper is to give a case study and an overview of advanced systems integration by providing their test results. It enables the reader to understand what a microgrid is in a real application. After explaining the overview of the system, the real energy consumption, the reduced energy consumption, the battery testing data, the voltage, and current waveforms are demonstrated and analyzed by determining its total harmonic distortion (THD) values and simulating its results in different power management scenarios. The system is now utilized at FSEC without the PV Panels integration. The PV integrated system scenario is explained by providing theoretical and simulation results. As a result, the BESS capacity should be "4 hour" times of the PV panel power, and the THD level is determined 0.07 when 200-kW power is sent to the grid by using high current transforms.
Synthesis of Saliniketal B (2010)

Saliniketal B is a metabolite of the marine actinomycete Salinaspora arenicola. It ­inhibits induction of the first enzyme in the poly-amine biosynthesis pathway, ornithine decarboxylase. A noteworthy step is the platinum-catalyzed cycloisomerization (D → E) that generated the ­dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system.
Computer-Assisted Retrosynthesis Based on Molecular Similarity (2017)

We demonstrate molecular similarity to be a surprisingly effective metric for proposing and ranking one-step retrosynthetic disconnections based on analogy to precedent reactions. The developed approach mimics the retrosynthetic strategy defined implicitly by a corpus of known reactions without the need to encode any chemical knowledge. Using 40 000 reactions from the patent literature as a knowledge base, the recorded reactants are among the top 10 proposed precursors in 74.1% of 5000 test reactions, providing strong quantitative support for our methodology. Extension of the one-step strategy to multistep pathway planning is demonstrated and discussed for two exemplary drug products.
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation (2007)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation with associated deterioration of atrial mechanical function.1 It is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, becomes more prevalent with age,2 and is associated with an increased long-term risk of stroke, heart failure, and all-cause mortality.3 AF can occur in the absence of underlying heart disease but is more frequent in connection with mitral valve disease, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension.4 The most frequent pathological observations in AF are atrial fibrosis and loss of atrial muscle mass.5,6 Although the severity of fibrosis reflects the duration of preexisting AF,7 fibrosis can also occur in association with inflammation in the absence of other cardiac pathology6 and may contribute to the onset of AF.8 Molecular, ionic, and genetic influences have all been implicated in AF and are reviewed in detail elsewhere.9 It is likely that most AF occurs primarily in the context of an interplay between left atrial (LA) electrical and mechanical dysfunction and later becomes self-perpetuating by promoting further electromechanical change during ongoing fibrillation.10<br/>
Microporous Organic Polymers for Methane Storage (2008)

Methane storage is important for the development of alternative energy carriers. The synthesis and methane storage properties of microporous hypercrosslinked organic polymers are reported. The figure shows a simulation of methane sorption in microporous hypercrosslinked poly(p-dichloroxylene); up to 5.2 mmol g−1 CH4 at 20 bar/298 K; isosteric heat of sorption ∼21 kJ mol−1. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2008/adma200702397_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
FOCUSNG XN TRANSBIIT-RECEIVE MODE THROUGH INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA : THE MATCHED FILTER APPROACH. (1992)

Time reversal of ultrasonic fields is a mean to focus through inhomogeneous media on a reflective target that behaves as an acoustic source after being insonified. At the last IEEE symposium, we have shown that in contrast to time delay focusing techniques, that can only correct distortions produced by a thin aberrator located close to the transducer array, TRM focusing is able to compensate for distortion independently of the aberrator position. We have also shown that the TRM focusing is optimal as it realizes the spatial-temporal matched filter to the propagation transfer function through inhomogeneous media. It is a self-adaptive technique which compensates for any geometrical distortions of the array structure as well as for distortions due to the propagation through inhomogeneous media. However, TRM focusing has only been described in the transmit mode. The extension of this matched filter focusing technique in the receive mode is presented in this paper. It will be shown that it can be achieved using adaptive convolution techniques instead of delay line techniques. Theoretical and experimental results will be presented.
The cytokines HGF and CXCL13 predict the severity and the mortality in COVID-19 patients (2021)

The objective of the present study was to identify biological signatures of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predictive of admission in the intensive care unit (ICU). Over 170 immunological markers were investigated in a 'discovery' cohort (n = 98 patients) of the Lausanne University Hospital (LUH-1). Here we report that 13 out of 49 cytokines were significantly associated with ICU admission in the three cohorts (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), while cellular immunological markers lacked power in discriminating between ICU and non-ICU patients. The cytokine results were confirmed in two 'validation' cohorts, i.e. the French COVID-19 Study (FCS; n = 62) and a second LUH-2 cohort (n = 47). The combination of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) was the best predictor of ICU admission (positive and negative predictive values ranging from 81.8% to 93.1% and 85.2% to 94.4% in the 3 cohorts) and occurrence of death during patient follow-up (8.8 fold higher likelihood of death when both cytokines were increased). Of note, HGF is a pleiotropic cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties playing a fundamental role in lung tissue repair, and CXCL13, a pro-inflammatory chemokine associated with pulmonary fibrosis and regulating the maturation of B cell response. Up-regulation of HGF reflects the most powerful counter-regulatory mechanism of the host immune response to antagonize the pro-inflammatory cytokines including CXCL13 and to prevent lung fibrosis in COVID-19 patients.
Fluorescence properties of dansyl groups covalently bonded to the surface of oxidatively functionalized low-density polyethylene film (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence properties of dansyl groups covalently bonded to the surface of oxidatively functionalized low-density polyethylene filmStephen Randall Holmes-Farley and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1986, 2, 3, 266–281Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00069a002https://doi.org/10.1021/la00069a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views595Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Protecting against Website Fingerprinting with Multihoming (2020)

Abstract Anonymous communication tools, such as Tor, are extensively employed by users who want to keep their web activity private. But recent works have shown that when a local, passive adversary observes nothing more than the timestamp, size and direction (incoming or outgoing) of the packets, it can still identify with high accuracy the website accessed by a user. Several defenses against these website fingerprinting attacks have been proposed but they come at the cost of a significant overhead in traffic and/or website loading time. We propose a defense against website fingerprinting which exploits multihoming, where a user can access the Internet by sending the traffic through multiple networks. With multihoming, it is possible to protect against website fingerprinting by splitting traffic among the networks, i.e., by removing packets from one network and sending them through another, whereas current defenses can only add packets. This enables us to design a defense with no traffic overhead that, as we show through extensive experimentation against state-of-the-art attacks, reaches the same level of privacy as the best existing practical defenses. We describe and evaluate a proof-ofconcept implementation of our defense and show that is does not add significant loading-time overhead. Our solution is compatible with other state-of-the-art defenses, and we show that combining it with another defense further improves privacy.
From Physics and Chemistry to Plant Biology (2002)

Jonathan D.G. Jones

In 1967, at age 13, the English education system required that I decide between studying history and chemistry. Since history seemed a mass of unconnected facts, and science came easily to me, I chose chemistry, my grasp of the last millennium stops at William Pitt the Younger,
Treponemicidal Antibody Measured by the “Washed-Killing” Assay Correlates With Immunity in Experimental Rabbit Syphilis (1995)

Treponemicidal antibody measured by the "washed-killing" assay correlated closely with the status of immunity in experimental rabbit syphilis. Thus, antibody measured by this assay may be directed against key protective Treponema pallidum surface immunogens.
Glycothermally Synthesized Carbon Dots with Narrow-Bandwidth and Color-Tunable Solvatochromic Fluorescence for Wide-Color-Gamut Displays (2021)

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) represent a promising eco-friendly next-generation phosphor. However, most CDs exhibit broad photoluminescence (PL) spectra [full width at half-maximum (fwhm) over 60 nm]; few works on CDs with sharp PL spectra (fwhm less than 40 nm) have been reported. In addition, their syntheses and color tuning require harsh conditions of high temperatures, long reaction times, and high pressures with catalysts. Here, we successfully prepared narrow-bandwidth emissive CDs (fwhm of 27-40 nm) from phloroglucinol in a glycol solvent of 1,2-pentanediol at temperatures as low as 180 °C for a reaction duration of as short as 6 h under ambient conditions without any catalysts via an open reaction system in which dehydration and condensation reactions among phloroglucinol molecules were enhanced. We shifted the emission peak from 463 to 511 nm by selecting seven kinds of solvents with different polarities, that is, emission colors could be tuned from blue to green by taking advantage of fluorescence solvatochromism. The CD-dispersed polymer films showed a similar solvatochromic behavior and sharp PL spectra, verifying the feasibility of applying the CDs to displays with a wide color gamut.