gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques for UXO classification using EMI data (2011)

Classification tools including Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Neural Networks (NN) are employed, and their performances compared for Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) classification using live site electromagnetic induction (EMI) data. Both SVM and NN are examples of supervised machine-learning techniques, whose purpose is to label the features (extracted from the incoming data of the unknown subsurface anomalies) based on previously trained examples. In this paper a set of three features are extracted from the EMI decay curves of the physics-based intrinsic, effective dipole moment, called the total Normalized Surface Magnetic Source (NSMS). This data is first used to train both the SVM and NN models and further serves as a basis for UXO classification. These techniques are then compared to an unsupervised learning approach, based on agglomerative hierarchical clustering followed by Gaussian Mixture modeling. We found that such combination provides reduction in the amount of required training data (which is being requested solely based on the clustering results) and allows for convenient probabilistic interpretation of the classification. The classification results themselves depend on the UXO caliber, material composition and actual live UXO site's conditions. Therefore, here we report the classification results for a live UXO data set, collected at former Camp San Luis Obispo, CA. This study includes four targets-of-interest: 60-mm, 81-mm, and 4.2-in mortars and 2.36-in rockets. The classification performance between clutters and UXO is studied and the corresponding ROC curves are illustrated.
Kinetics and clinical significance of human herpesvirus 6 DNA shedding in saliva after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2020)

Salivary HHV-6 DNA levels increased after HHV-6 DNA was detected in the blood. However, no epidemiological evidence was shown to support a role of salivary HHV-6 in the development of HHV-6 encephalitis, depression, and oral mucosal GVHD.
Biosensing, Cytotoxicity, and Cellular Uptake Studies of Surface-Modified Gold Nanorods (2009)

Herein we report biorecognition studies of protein IgG using biocomapatible gold nanorods as molecular probes. Surface modification of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-stabilized gold nanorods was carried out by using poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) to reduce the toxicity of as-synthesized gold nanorods caused by free CTAB. ζ potential analysis confirmed charge reversal on the surface of gold nanorods caused by the PSS coating. Surface plasmon resonance exhibited by gold nanorods has been employed as a tool for analyzing the binding events for biomolecules. TEM results, showing the aggregation of gold nanorods, in addition to the shift in surface plasmon resonance peak in UV−vis absorption measurements, upon the interaction of biomolecules with gold nanorods, confirmed molecular binding. Morphological changes caused by the cellular uptake of gold nanorods before and after PSS modification have been observed. Cell viability studies using gold nanorods were performed to study the cytotoxic effects of these molecular probes.
Dynamic Metasurface Antennas Based Downlink Massive MIMO Systems (2019)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising technique to enable orders of magnitude improvement in spectral and energy efficiency by utilizing a large number of antennas. Despite its theoretical gains, the implementation of large-scale antenna arrays faces many practical challenges in hardware cost, power consumption, and physical size. In this work, we study downlink massive MIMO systems in which the base stations (BSs) are equipped with dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs). DMAs can realize low-cost, power-efficient, planar, and compact antenna arrays. We first formulate a mathematical model for DMA-based downlink massive MIMO systems. Then, we characterize the achievable sum-rate for the resulting systems and design an efficient alternating algorithm to dynamically configure DMA weights to maximize the achievable sum-rate. Our numerical results demonstrate that, in addition to their simplicity and low cost, properly configured DMAs can achieve downlink sum-rate performance which is comparable with the fundamental limits of multi-user MIMO systems.
Helium Accumulation Effects Using a Benchmarked Zero-Dimensional Model (1992)

Multidimensional transport simulations using the BALDUR code have been used to examine the correlation between the effective global helium particle confinement time and the edge recycling coefficient with profile effects included. This provides a way to benchmark the widely used zero-dimensional model so that a first-order correction for these effects is possible. It is shown that the predictions of the effect of recycling on helium confinement using the benchmarked zero-dimensional correlation agrees fairly well with the BALDUR results.
The spatial order of transcription in mammalian cells (2007)

We have previously developed technology for multiplexing probes for the detection of transcription of many genes simultaneously within single cells. This has allowed us to determine the spatial localization of multiple genes with respect to each other in the nucleus, and ultimately the expression profile of the cell with respect to surrounding cells in a tissue. Six parameters of transcriptional organization in individual cells from culture and tissue were used to characterize significant differences in intracellular and intercellular expression patterns while preserving cellular morphology and histological context. We found that, unlike yeast, mammalian expression is excluded from the periphery and in addition, a subtle but complex organization underlies the transcriptional activity of these cells, both intra- and intercellularly. The approach has sufficient spatial resolution to be applied to the detection of chromosomal translocations or the identification of cancer cells.
Interim PET-results for prognosis in adults with Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factor studies (2020)

This review provides moderate-certainty evidence that interim PET scan results predict OS, and very low-certainty evidence that interim PET scan results predict progression-free survival in treated individuals with HL. This evidence is primarily based on unadjusted data. More studies are needed to test the adjusted prognostic ability of interim PET against established prognostic factors.
A fast switching N-frequency laser integrated with an electroabsorption modulator (2002)

Summary form only given. In the present work we describe the performance of an integrated device which combines a fast frequency switching laser, and an external electroabsorption modulator for data encoding, on the same semiconductor chip. This device has applications in WDM switching and routing networks.
Dynamics of interfacial electron-transfer processes in colloidal semiconductor systems (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamics of interfacial electron-transfer processes in colloidal semiconductor systemsDuonghong Dung, Jeremy Ramsden, and Michael GraetzelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 11, 2977–2985Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00375a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00375a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2149Altmetric-Citations412LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tristetraprolin limits age-related expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2022)

Aging results in enhanced myelopoiesis, which is associated with an increased prevalence of myeloid leukemias and the production of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA binding protein that regulates immune-related cytokines and chemokines by destabilizing target mRNAs. As TTP expression is known to decrease with age in myeloid cells, we used TTP-deficient (TTPKO) mice to model aged mice to study TTP regulation in age-related myelopoiesis. Both TTPKO and myeloid-specific TTPKO (cTTPKO) mice had significant increases in both MDSC subpopulations M-MDSCs (CD11b + Ly6C hi Ly6G - ) and PMN-MDSCs (CD11b + Ly6C lo Ly6G + ), as well as macrophages (CD11b + F4/80 + ) in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes; however, no quantitative changes in MDSCs were observed in the bone marrow. In contrast, gain-of-function TTP knock-in (TTPKI) mice had no change in MDSCs compared with control mice. Within the bone marrow, total granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) and monocyte progenitors (MPs), direct antecedents of M-MDSCs, were significantly increased in both cTTPKO and TTPKO mice, but granulocyte progenitors (GPs) were significantly increased only in TTPKO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of the bone marrow myeloid cell populations revealed that the expression of CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), which plays a key role in monocyte mobilization to inflammatory sites, was dramatically increased in both cTTPKO and TTPKO mice. Concurrently, the concentration of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), a major ligand of CCR2, was high in the serum of cTTPKO and TTPKO mice, suggesting that TTP impacts the mobilization of M-MDSCs from the bone marrow to inflammatory sites during aging via regulation of the CCR2-CCL2 axis. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for TTP in regulating age-associated myelopoiesis through the expansion of specific myeloid progenitors and M-MDSCs and their recruitment to sites of injury, inflammation, or other pathologic perturbations.
Dynamic time reversal of randomly backscattered acoustic waves (1999)

We report the first experiments using the reversibility of a transient acoustic wave in a multiple-scattering medium to simulate either a stationary or a dynamic acoustic lens. The method is based on time reversal experiments performed in a backscattering configuration. In the stationary case, we show that we take advantage of multiple scattering to focus better than with a perfect reflecting interface. In the dynamic case, we explain the refocused spot time evolution by a simple model based on the time-dependent ability to recover the angular spectrum thanks to both single- and multiple-scattering paths.
Indoor and Outdoor Penetration Loss Measurements at 73 and 81 GHz (2019)

In this paper, we present millimeter-wave (mmWave) penetration loss measurements and analysis at E- bands-73 GHz and 81 GHz. Penetration loss was measured for common building materials such as clear glass, metal, tinted glass, wood, and drywall on the campus of Boise State University in the city of Boise. A horn antenna with a gain of 24 dBi was used at the transmitter and receiver at both bands, and both antennas were boresight-aligned with respect to the test material. A total of twelve locations were selected to test five materials. We tested two indoor materials (clear glass and wood) in at least two locations to determine the effect of penetration loss of materials in similar compositions. The average penetration loss and standard deviation were estimated for these indoor materials. We measured an average penetration loss of 2 to 9 dB for wood and glass, respectively. Furthermore, we measured the penetration loss of common indoor and outdoor building materials. We studied that outdoor materials had larger penetration losses, e.g., we obtained a penetration loss of 22.69 dB for outdoor metal, where this value dropped to 16.04 dB for indoor metal at 73 GHz. Similar results were also obtained for the 81 GHz channel, where the largest penetration loss was measured to be 26.5 dB through a tinted glass door in an outdoor setting.
Loss of famh-136/ FAM136A results in minor locomotion and behavioral changes in Caenorhabditis elegans (2022)

Not much is known about FAM136A, a human gene that may be involved in Meniere's disease and is conserved throughout animals. To understand the function of <i>famh-136</i> , the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> ortholog of FAM136A, loss of function alleles of the gene were generated. We find that loss of <i>famh-136</i> function results in minor but significant changes to the locomotion and behavior.
250 Gb/s multi-wavelength operation of microring resonator-based broadband comb switch for silicon photonic networks-on-chip (2008)

A 250-Gb/s multi-wavelength signal dynamically routed through a high-speed 1×2 silicon switch advocates low-power networks-on-chip, with power penalties and extinction ratios investigated.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of concomitant macitentan and hormonal contraceptives (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial homeostasis - influenced by both genetic and environmental factors - is crucial in neurodevelopment. FOXP1 syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests motor dysfunction, intellectual disability, autism and language impairment. In this study, we used a <i>Foxp1</i><sup>+/−</sup> mouse model to address whether cognitive and motor deficits in FOXP1 syndrome are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Here we show that genes with a role in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics (e.g. <i>Foxo1</i>, <i>Pgc-1α</i>, <i>Tfam</i>, <i>Opa1</i>, and <i>Drp1)</i> were dysregulated in the striatum of <i>Foxp1</i><sup>+/−</sup> mice at different postnatal stages. Furthermore, in the striatum of <i>Foxp1</i><sup>+/−</sup> animals, mitochondrial membrane potential was disrupted, and reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and cytochrome c release were significantly elevated. These features can explain the reduced neurite branching, learning and memory, endurance, and motor coordination that we observed in these animals. Taken together, we provide strong evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in <i>Foxp1</i><sup>+/−</sup> mice, suggesting that insufficient energy supply and excessive oxidative stress underlies the cognitive and motor impairment in FOXP1 deficiency.
A Review of Thickness-Accommodation Techniques in Origami-Inspired Engineering (2018)

Origami has served as the inspiration for a number of engineered systems. In most cases, they require nonpaper materials where material thickness is non-negligible. Foldable mechanisms based on origami-like forms present special challenges for preserving kinematics and assuring non-self-intersection when the thickness of the panels must be accommodated. Several design approaches for constructing thick origami mechanisms by beginning with a zero-thickness origami pattern and transforming it into a rigidly foldable mechanism with thick panels are reviewed. The review includes existing approaches and introduces new hybrid approaches. The approaches are compared and contrasted and their manufacturability analyzed.
An Experimental Study on the Cooling Characteristics of Passive Containment Cooling Systems (2009)

The condensation heat transfer coefficients with noncondensable gases are measured to obtain the condensation heat transfer correlation to be applied to the design of passive containment cooling systems for light water nuclear power plants. The derived condensation heat transfer correlation is applicable in a wider range of subcooling than existing correlations. The dependence of the derived correlation on the length of condenser tubes is weak. The derived correlation based on experimental heat transfer results can be applied to the design of the passive containment cooling systems at actual nuclear power plants.
Biochemical characterization of prephenate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus (2006)

A monofunctional prephenate dehydrogenase (PD) from Aquifex aeolicus was expressed as a His-tagged protein in Escherichia coli and was purified by nickel affinity chromatography allowing the first biochemical and biophysical characterization of a thermostable PD. A. aeolicus PD is susceptible to proteolysis. In this report, the properties of the full-length PD are compared with one of these products, an N-terminally truncated protein variant (Delta19PD) also expressed recombinantly in E. coli. Both forms are dimeric and show maximum activity at 95 degrees C or higher. Delta19PD is more sensitive to temperature effects yielding a half-life of 55 min at 95 degrees C versus 2 h for PD, and values of kcat and Km for prephenate, which are twice those determined for PD at 80 degrees C. Low concentrations of guanidine-HCl activate enzyme activity, but at higher concentrations activity is lost concomitant with a multi-state pathway of denaturation that proceeds through unfolding of the dimer, oligomerization, then unfolding of monomers. Measurements of steady-state fluorescence intensity and its quenching by acrylamide in the presence of Gdn-HCl suggest that, of the two tryptophan residues per monomer, one is buried in a hydrophobic pocket and does not become solvent exposed until the protein unfolds, while the less buried tryptophan is at the active site. Tyrosine is a feedback inhibitor of PD activity over a wide temperature range and enhances the cooperativity between subunits in the binding of prephenate. Properties of this thermostable PD are compared and contrasted with those of E. coli chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase and other mesophilic homologs.
The Application of Dynamic Programming in a Discrete Supplementary Control for Transient Stability Enhancement of Multimachine Power Systems (1985)

This paper considers the use of a discrete supplementary control for transient stability enhancement of multimachine power systems. The principle advantage of the method presented in this paper is that off-line compuations are used. This permits the application of the supplementary control of a ``multimachine'' power system. The designation ``multimachine'' is used in this context to denote systems of up to three machines; for practical systems containing more than three machines, appropriate model order reduction is suggested. Supplementary controls differ from primary controls in that they are only used during disturbances rather than continuously. Attention is focused on the insertion of braking resistors and a specially designed dynamic programming algorithm is described for optimal resistor switching. The switching strategy is computed off-line so that the online computational requirements are minimal. The contribution of this paper is in the area of multimachine control and, in particular, a power system emergency state control. Topics concerning control models, optimization criteria and characteristics of discrete supplementary controls have been addressed. Control strategies are evaluated through digital and analog simulation involving a ten machine test system. A systematic approach to the optimization of multi-stage decision processes, called dynamic programming, was introduced by Bellman in the 1950' s [1-2]. Dynamic programming principles provide a perspective for examining optimization problems which lead to iterative functional equations. These equations are efficiently solved by using a digital computer and employing a dynamic programming computational procedure described by Larson [3].
Less Bone Loss With Maraviroc- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5303 Study (2020)

Background. There is a need to prevent or minimize bone loss associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation. We compared maraviroc (MVC)- to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)–containing ART.
Immune response induced in mice by a hybrid rPotD-PdT pneumococcal protein (2022)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathogen that colonizes the naso and/or oropharynx and can cause otitis, pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis. To broaden the protection against pneumococcus, several pneumococcal proteins have been investigated as vaccine candidates. In this study we analyzed the immunological response induced by mouse subcutaneous immunization with a fusion of the Polyamine transport protein D (PotD) and a pneumolysin derivative (PdT), resulting in a hybrid rPotD-PdT protein. Immunization of mice with rPotD-PdT induced increased production of nitric oxide, indicating a higher innate immune response. In agreement, immunization of mice with the hybrid protein was more immunogenic than the individual proteins or their combination, eliciting higher antibody levels. The anti-rPotD-PdT IgG displayed increased binding onto the pneumococcal surface. Furthermore, the anti-rPotD-PdT antisera promoted superior opsonophagocytosis as compared with the other tested formulations. However, despite that the encouraging results in vitro, immunization with the hybrid was not sufficient to induce protection against sepsis with a highly virulent pneumococcal strain. taken together, the results suggest that hybrid proteins are an interesting strategy, able to promote improved immune responses, but the inclusion of other antigens may be necessary to promote protection against invasive infections caused by this bacterium.
A model for modulus development of dual‐cure resin systems (2020)

Abstract A phenomenological model for cure‐dependent modulus is described for materials undergoing a two‐stage curing reaction. These dual‐cure resin systems commonly use a thermally activated reaction in the second stage with temperatures exceeding the glass transition temperature of the intermediate product. This leads to a non‐linear development of the elastic modulus, with an observable softening effect and the potential for large structural deformations. In this study, the elastic modulus was measured at discrete levels of thermal conversion and processing temperatures. The results are used to determine the cure and temperature dependent‐modulus and create a model capable of following the modulus development throughout the entire thermal processing stage. Applications and a processing guideline are discussed.
Spatiotemporal behavior in aφ4model of lattice dynamics (1997)

A simple phenomenological model of lattice dynamics in ferroelectric materials has the ingredients of a spatially extended, nonlinear driven system. We study the dynamics of this model in the presence of spatially varying ultrafast optical pulses. We find that for sufficiently large amplitudes, the spatial gradient in the pulse creates stable domain walls separating domains of opposite orientations. The dynamics of these domain walls under repeated pulses is investigated. Bifurcation diagrams in one, two, and three dimensions are obtained, exhibiting both periodic and complex spatiotemporal behavior. The complex behavior is identified as weakly chaotic associated with algebraic growth of initial small perturbations.