gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of depression and its influencing factors in menopausal women (2018)

Objective
To study the depression and its influencing factors in menopausal women.


Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain basic data, self-rating depression scale (SDS) was used to evaluate depression and modified Kupperman index scale (KMI) was used to evaluate menopausal symptom. SPSS20.0 software was used for data analysis.


Results
A total of 1 591 women were enrolled, with a median age of 52 years old. The average scores of KMI and SDS were 13.9±8.8 and 39.6±9.0, respectively. The prevalences were 77.7% and 15.3%, respectively. The scores of perimenopausal women were significantly higher than those of postmenopausal women (P=0.027). There was no significant difference about SDS score among women of different ages (40-60 years old) (F=2.467, P>0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors by logistic stepwise regression with binary classification, we found that having children more than three (OR=1.198, 95% CI=1.098-1.425), KMI score >6 (OR=1.153, 95% CI=1.131-1.175), a history of cancer (OR=3.092, 95% CI=1.221-7.828) were risk factors for depressive symptoms. Women with economic income > 5 000 yuan/month were less prone to depressive symptoms (OR=0.344, 95% CI=0.172-0.689).


Conclusion
The incidence of depression in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women is higher. More clinical measures should be taken to improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women.


Key words: 
Menopause; Mood disorders; Depression symptoms
Partially coherent imaging in two dimensions and the theoretical limits of projection printing in microfabrication (1980)

Optical projection printing is quantitatively studied, using the diffracted image of two bars of equal width and space and an aspect ratio of three. Hopkins' four-dimensional integral for partially coherent imaging is used for the numerical analysis. Diffraction-limited lenses with a circular pupil are used. Constant intensity profiles in an absorptionless photoresist and nonreflective substrate are evaluated. Then the tolerances ot defocus and intensity are derived using a linewidth tolerance of ±2.5 percent of the mask linewidth which varies from 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, to 2.5 µm. The illuminations used have σ = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 0.78, 1, 1.3, and infinity.
Cumulant-based parametric multichannel FIR system identification methods (2002)

The least squares and recursive methods for simultaneous identification of four nonminimum phase linear, time-invariant FIR systems are presented. The methods utilize the second- and fourth-order cumulants of outputs of the four FIR systems whose common input is an independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) non-Gaussian process. The new methods can be extended to the general problem of simultaneous identification of three or more FIR systems with some modifications. To illustrate the effectiveness of these methods, various simulation examples are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Epitope specificity of IgE antibodies to a major allergen (Cry j 1) of Japanese cedar pollen in sera of humans and monkeys with pollinosis (1997)

Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis has been reported to occur naturally in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) as well as humans. Using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific to Cry j 1, a major allergen in Japanese cedar pollen, we identified five independent epitopes (EP-1 to EP-5) on the molecule. The epitopes recognized by IgE antibodies in the sera of humans and monkeys with the pollinosis were analysed by an IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition method with these mAb. In human patients, the mAb to EP-1 strongly blocked the binding of IgE antibodies in all patients' sera to Cry j 1. The reaction patterns of IgE antibodies in monkeys, however, varied among the troops of monkeys. In some troops, the mAb to EP-1 showed a blocking pattern similar to that for human patients. In other troops, mAb to EP-4 and EP-5 blocked binding of IgE. These results indicate that some, but not all, monkeys have antibody responses to the major allergen similar to those of humans.
Geographic Differences in COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Incidence — United States, February 12–April 7, 2020 (2020)

Community transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first detected in the United States in February 2020. By mid-March, all 50 states, the District of Columbia (DC), New York City (NYC), and four U.S. territories had reported cases of COVID-19. This report describes the geographic distribution of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and related deaths reported by each U.S. state, each territory and freely associated state,* DC, and NYC during February 12-April 7, 2020, and estimates cumulative incidence for each jurisdiction. In addition, it projects the jurisdiction-level trajectory of this pandemic by estimating case doubling times on April 7 and changes in cumulative incidence during the most recent 7-day period (March 31-April 7). As of April 7, 2020, a total of 395,926 cases of COVID-19, including 12,757 related deaths, were reported in the United States. Cumulative COVID-19 incidence varied substantially by jurisdiction, ranging from 20.6 cases per 100,000 in Minnesota to 915.3 in NYC. On April 7, national case doubling time was approximately 6.5 days, although this ranged from 5.5 to 8.0 days in the 10 jurisdictions reporting the most cases. Absolute change in cumulative incidence during March 31-April 7 also varied widely, ranging from an increase of 8.3 cases per 100,000 in Minnesota to 418.0 in NYC. Geographic differences in numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths, cumulative incidence, and changes in incidence likely reflect a combination of jurisdiction-specific epidemiologic and population-level factors, including 1) the timing of COVID-19 introductions; 2) population density; 3) age distribution and prevalence of underlying medical conditions among COVID-19 patients (1-3); 4) the timing and extent of community mitigation measures; 5) diagnostic testing capacity; and 6) public health reporting practices. Monitoring jurisdiction-level numbers of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and changes in incidence is critical for understanding community risk and making decisions about community mitigation, including social distancing, and strategic health care resource allocation.
Aneuploidy in late‐step spermatids of mice detected by two‐chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (1995)

A multicolor procedure employing fluorescence in situ hybridization is described for detecting chromosomal domains and germinal aneuploidy in late-step spermatids in mice using DNA probes specific for repetitive sequences near the centromeres of chromosomes 8 and X. These probes were nick-translated with biotin- or digoxigenin-labeled nucleotides, and were detected with FITC or rhodamine. Probe and hybridization specificities were confirmed using metaphase chromosomes from spleen and bone marrow cells as well as from primary and secondary spermatocytes. Late-step spermatids, identified in testicular preparations by their hooked shape, yielded compact fluorescence domains in approximately 50% and > 99% of cells when hybridized with probes for chromosomes X and 8, respectively. In a survey of > 80,000 late-step spermatids from 8 healthy young adult C57BL/6 or B6C3F1 mice, approximately 3/10,000 spermatids had fluorescence phenotypes indicative of X-X or 8-8 hyperhaploidy. These frequencies are consistent with published frequencies of aneuploidy in meiotic metaphase II and first cleavage metaphases of the mouse, providing preliminary validation of sperm hybridization for the detection of aneuploidy. No significant animal or strain differences were observed. In addition, the hyperhaploidy frequencies for murine spermatids were indistinguishable for those for sperm from healthy men obtained by a similar hybridization procedure. These procedures for detecting aneuploid male gametes are examples of "bridging biomarkers" between human and animal studies. They have promising applications for investigations of the genetic, reproductive, and toxicological factors leading to abnormal reproductive outcomes of paternal origin.
Discovery and validation of novel human genomic safe harbor sites for gene and cell therapies (2021)

Summary Existing approaches for the integration and expression of genes of interest in a desired human cellular context are marred by the safety concerns related to either the random nature of viral-mediated integration or unpredictable pattern of gene expression in currently employed targeted genomic integration sites. Disadvantages of these methods lead to their limited use in clinical practice, thus encouraging future research in identifying novel human genomic sites that allow for predictable and safe expression of genes of interest. We conducted a bioinformatic search followed by experimental validation of novel genomic sites and identified two that demonstrated stable expression of integrated reporter and therapeutic genes without detrimental changes to cellular transcriptome. The cell-type agnostic criteria used in our bioinformatic search suggest wide-scale applicability of our sites for engineering of a diverse range of tissues for therapeutic as well as enhancement purposes, including modified T-cells for cancer therapy and engineered skin to ameliorate inherited diseases and aging. Additionally, the stable and robust levels of gene expression from identified sites allow for their use in industry-scale biomanufacturing of desired proteins in human cells.
526. Conditionally Replicative Adenoviruses Designed to Restore Defects in the p53 Pathway for Effective Virotherapy of Cancer (2005)

Conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) are designed to selectively destroy cancer cells by lytic replication. Clinical trials with CRAds demonstrated their safety but also showed that their potency needs to be improved. One parameter determining the potency of CRAds is their capacity to induce cancer cell death causing virus progeny release. Defects in p53-dependent cell death in cancer cells appear to delay this step. Previously, we showed that expression of wild-type p53 from a CRAd genome augmented CRAd oncolytic potency against cancer cell lines and primary cancer cells in vitro and xenograft tumors in vivo (Cancer Res. 62:6165, 2002; Cancer Res. 64:5753, 2004).
Study Of Some Innovant Reactors Without On- Site Refueling With Triso And Cermet Fuel (2012)

The evaluation of unit cell neutronic parameters and lifetime for some innovant reactors without on sit-refuling will be held in this work. the behavior of some small and medium reactors without on site refueling with triso and cermet fuel. For the FBNR long life except we propose to change the enrichment of the Cermet MFE to 9%. For the AFPR reactor we can see that the use of the Cermet MFE can extend the life of this reactor but to maintain the same life period for AFPR-SC we most use burnup poison to have the same slope for Kinf (Burnup). PFPWR50 cell behaves almost in same way using both fuels Cermet and TRISO. So we can conclude that PFPWR50 reactor, with CERMET Fuel, is kept among the long cycle reactors and with the new configuration we avoid subcriticality at the beginning of cycle. The evaluation of unit cell neutronic parameters reveals a good agreement with the goal of BWR-PB concept. It is found out that the Triso fuel assembly lifetime can be extended for a reasonably long period without being refueled, approximately up to 48GWd/t burnup. Using coated particles fuels with the Cermet composition can be more extended the fuel assembly life time, approximately 52 GWd/t.
Estimation of Cyclic Shift with Delayed Correlation and Matched Filtering in Time Domain Cyclic-SLM for PAPR Reduction (2016)

Time domain cyclic-selective mapping (TDC-SLM) reduces the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM systems while the amounts of cyclic shifts are required to recover the transmitted signal in a receiver. One of the critical issues of the SLM scheme is sending the side information (SI) which reduces the throughputs in wireless OFDM systems. The proposed scheme implements delayed correlation and matched filtering (DC-MF) to estimate the amounts of the cyclic shifts in the receiver. In the proposed scheme, the DC-MF is placed after the frequency domain equalization (FDE) to improve the accuracy of cyclic shift estimation. The accuracy rate of the propose scheme reaches 100% at <i>E</i><sub><i>b</i></sub> /<i>N</i><sub>0</sub> = 5 dB and the bit error rate (BER) improves by 0.2 dB as compared with the conventional TDC-SLM. The BER performance of the proposed scheme is also better than that of the conventional TDC-SLM even though a nonlinear high power amplifier is assumed.
A High Level Memory Energy Estimator based on Reuse Distance. (2005)

Honey is a food product consumed all over the world. Besides its nutritional properties, honey presents antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties. To ensure that the final product meets qualitative and microbiological standards, honey treatment is of great importance. Conventional honey treatment is based on the heating of honey samples for decrystallization and bacteria and yeast inactivation. However, conventional heating can cause negative effects on honey quality, such as the formation of toxic compounds, reduction of enzyme activity, and loss of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The application of ultrasonic waves has demonstrated interesting effects on honey processing. Ultrasound (US) treatment can lead to the fragmentation of glucose crystals in crystalized honey and has little effect on its properties. In addition to inactivating microorganisms, US-assisted honey processing also preserves phenolic compounds content and antimicrobial properties. However, there is still limited information about honey sonication. The aim of the present review is to comprehensively show the possibilities of US application in honey processing and its effects on honey properties.
Multi-class object layout with unsupervised image classification and object localization (2011)

Abstract. Recognizing the presence of object classes in an image, or image clas-sification, has become an increasingly important topic of interest. Equally impor-tant, however, is also the capability to locate these object classes in the image. We consider in this paper an approach to these two related problems with the primary goal of minimizing the training requirements so as to allow for ease of adding new object classes, as opposed to approaches that favor training a suite of object-specific classifiers. To this end, we provide the analysis of an exemplar-based approach that leverages unsupervised clustering for classification purpose, and sliding window matching for localization. While such exemplar based ap-proach by itself is brittle towards intraclass and viewpoint variations, we achieve robustness by introducing a novel Conditional Random Field model that facili-tates a straightforward accept/reject decision of the localized object classes. Per-formance of our approach on the PASCAL Visual Object Challenge 2007 dataset demonstrates its efficacy. 1
A market-based bandwidth charging framework (2010)

The increasing demand for high-bandwidth applications such as video-on-demand and grid computing is reviving interest in bandwidth reservation schemes. Earlier attempts did not catch on for a number of reasons, notably lack of interest on the part of the bandwidth providers. This, in turn, was partially caused by the lack of an efficient way of charging for bandwidth. Thus, the viability of bandwidth reservation depends on the existence of an efficient market where bandwidth-related transactions can take place. For this market to be effective, it must be efficient for both the provider (seller) and the user (buyer) of the bandwidth. This implies that: (a) the buyer must have a wide choice of providers that operate in a competitive environment, (b) the seller must be assured that a QoS transaction will be paid by the customer, and (c) the QoS transaction establishment must have low overheads so that it may be used by individual customers without a significant burden to the provider. In order to satisfy these requirements, we propose a framework that allows customers to purchase bandwidth using an open market where providers advertise links and capacities and customers bid for these services. The model is close to that of a commodities market that offers both advance bookings (futures) and a spot market. We explore the mechanisms that can support such a model.
Optimum Albumin Concentration of Supplementation Fluid for Double Filtration Plasmapheresis (1992)

Until recently, the albumin concentration of supplementation fluid for double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) has been empirically determined. Inadequate albumin infusion often leads to hypoproteinemic symptoms such as edema. In the current study, an aimed condensation coefficient (CCaimed) was introduced in an attempt to estimate the appropriate plasma albumin level for each patient. This coefficient is theoretically derived from a one-compartment model for the patient's plasma albumin: CCaimed = CS/CD = 1 - (1 - CR)/[1 - exp(- CC.VR)] where CD and CS are albumin concentrations in discarded plasma and supplementation fluid. CR is the change ratio of albumin concentration in the patient's plasma during a DFPP treatment, and VR(= VS/VP) is the ratio of supplementation fluid volume (VS) to the patient's total plasma volume (VP). And CC denotes the albumin condensation coefficient in a DFPP line, which depends on the filtration fraction of the plasma fractionator (FFPF) and the sieving coefficients of both the plasma separator (SCPS) and the plasma fractionator (SCPF): CC = CD/CP = SCPS.(1 - FFPF.SCPF)/(1 - FFPF) where CP is the albumin concentration of the patient's plasma. From the above relations, CS can be determined as follows: CS = CC.CCaimed.CP Because many kinds of proteins are removed during a single DFPP treatment, a slightly higher albumin concentration in the supplementation fluid is needed to maintain an appropriate plasma level. Therefore, the CR value should be more than unity. For a patient with hematocrit (HCT) of 30%, body weight (BW) of 50 kg, and CP of 3.0 g/dl, who is receiving a DFPP treatment using AP-05H (SCPS of 0.970) and Evaflux 2A (SCPF of 0.526) under FFPF of 0.8 with VS of 500 ml, VP = BW(1- HCT/100)/13 = 50 x (1 - 30/100)/13 = 2.69 L, VR = 500/(2.69 x 1,000) = 0.186, CC = 2.81, and CCaimed = 1.25 assuming 1.1 for CR. Therefore, CS = 2.81 x 1.25 x 3.0 = 10.5 g/dl using the above equations.
Tandem mass spectrometry determined maternal cortisone to cortisol ratio and psychiatric morbidity during pregnancy−interaction with birth weight (2016)

Maternal serum cortisol has been suggested to be influenced by psychiatric morbidity, and may also influence fetal growth. However, several studies found equal cortisol levels in depressed and healthy pregnant women. Placental 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) shields the fetus from maternal cortisol by conversion to cortisone, a function that may be compromised by maternal stress. We aimed to compare the serum ratio of cortisone to cortisol, in women with and without psychiatric morbidity during pregnancy. A secondary aim was to investigate whether fetal growth, approximated by infant birth weight, was associated with the cortisone to cortisol ratio. We performed tandem mass spectrometry analysis of serum cortisol and cortisone in late pregnancy in 94 women with antenatal psychiatric morbidity and 122 controls (cohort 1). We also compared the placental gene expression of HSD11B1 and 2 in another group of 69 women with psychiatric morbidity and 47 controls (cohort 2). There were no group differences in cortisol to cortisone ratio, absolute levels of cortisone and cortisol (cohort 1), or expression of HSD11B1 or 2 (cohort 2). However, cortisone to cortisol ratio was positively associated with birth weight in women with psychiatric morbidity, also after adjustment for gestational length, fetal sex, maternal height, smoking, SSRI use, and time of blood sampling (standardized β=0.35, p<0.001), with no association in the healthy controls Thus, the maternal serum cortisone to cortisol ratio does not seem to be affected by psychiatric morbidity, but psychiatric morbidity may increase fetal exposure to cortisol or other metabolic factors influencing fetal growth.
Boundary conditions for heterostructures in the multiband effective mass theory (1997)

We consider the Luttinger Hamiltonian for the degenerate Γ8 valence bands. Based on the bulk Hamiltonian we develop a Hermitian Hamiltonian for heterostructures, where the Luttinger parameters are spatially varying. The correct boundary conditions are derived from the minimal mathematical restrictions on the resulting coupled set of second order differential equations. The equations can be generally written to kα Dαβjj' kβFj' + EνFj = eFj' with the effective mass tensor fulfilling the symmetry property (Dαβjj')† = Dβαj'j. This requires Fj' and Dαβjj' kβFj' continuous in the effective mass equation. These boundary conditions automatically imply the conservation of current in the sample. This strict mathematical treatment of the boundary conditions for the multiband effective mass equation for heterostructures can reconcile the controversy on this subject. In an Appendix we comment on the new envelope function method for heterostructures, developed by Burt.
Trench gate IGBTs for zero current switching applications (2004)

This paper reports on the behaviour of trench IGBTs in comparison with equivalent DMOS IGBTs in zero current switching converters. Extensive experimental results backed up by accurate Spice modelling are presented. These results indicate the superior performance of Trench IGBTs particularly at high switching frequencies, currents and junction temperatures in resonant applications.
Organic Semiconductor Designed for Lamination Transfer between Polymer Films (2005)

Organic field-effect transistors (FETs) may be cost-effective alternatives to amorphous-silicon transistors in certain applications. Vacuum-deposited polycrystalline organic semiconductor films exhibit equivalent mobilities to amorphous silicon and often outperform polymeric semiconductors. Here we discuss a lamination-based method for manipulating such films, featuring a thermoplastic “receiver” polymer layer that captures semiconductor films from “donor” substrates, and also acts as a gate insulator. The compound 5,5‘-bis(4-isopropylphenyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene (diPr-PTTP) is shown to have favorable solid-state properties for this process. Its X-ray structure is determined, and its performance and those of pentacene and copper phthalocyanine are evaluated. The influence of surface properties of the donor and receiver is examined. diPr-PTTP retained a mobility after transfer of one-third the value of the same material vapor-deposited directly onto the receiver layer.