gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic control of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis in the mouse. (1977)

To approach the genetic mechanism that turns off the synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) after birth, we assumed that a change in this mechanism might affect the low basal level of AFP that can be detected in the adult organism. The concentration of AFP was therefore determined for serum from adult mice of 27 different inbred strains. With one exception, this basal level was between 34 and 173 ng/ml, which is about 10(5)-fold less than the serum concentration at birth. In one strain, BALB/c/J, the AFP level was found to be considerably increased; it was about 10-fold higher than in other strains at 9-10 wk of age. Two other substrains of BALF/c mice showed normally low AFP levels. Kinetic studies show that the rate with which AFP disappears from serum after birth is reduced in BALB/c/J mice as compared to other strains. The increased AFP level of BALB/c/J mice appears to be due to an increased rate of synthesis of AFP, since the rate of catabolism of AFP was found to be normal in these mice. Genetic analysis was performed by crossing BALB/c/J mice with mice having an ordinary AFP level, followed by determination of AFP levels in mice of the F1 and F2 generations as well as in back-cross mice. The results clearly indicate that the increased AFP level in BALB/c/J mice is controlled by a single recessive Mendelian gene, which has been named Raf (for regulation of alphafetoprotein). The Raf gene could be directly involved in the regulation of AFP synthesis, but it may also control AFP levels only indirectly, e.g., by regulating the synthesis of a hormone that controls AFP synthesis.
Impact of Adaptive Resource Allocation Requests in Utility Cluster Computing Environments (2007)

Maximizing resource provider profit and satisfying user requirements at the same time is a challenging problem in utility computing environments. In this paper, we introduce adaptive resource allocation requests and investigate the impact of using them in utility cluster computing environments. The Service Level Agreements established between users and resource providers rely not only on fixed values, but also on functions that associate allocation parameters. In addition, the resource provider scheduler can automatically modify the number of resources and usage time of allocation requests, as well as split them into subre- quests. Users may receive incentives for supplying flexible requests which produce more scheduling options. By using rescheduling, resource providers are able to prioritize the most profitable requests dynamically and still satisfy the requirements of the already accepted user requests. From our experimental results we observed an increase of 14% in the resource provider profit and a reduction of 20% in the average response time of user requests when compared to traditional approaches.
Sulfonamido-2-arylbenzoxazole GroEL/ES Inhibitors as Potent Antibacterials against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (2018)

Extending from a study we recently published examining the antitrypanosomal effects of a series of GroEL/ES inhibitors based on a pseudosymmetrical bis-sulfonamido-2-phenylbenzoxazole scaffold, here, we report the antibiotic effects of asymmetric analogs of this scaffold against a panel of bacteria known as the ESKAPE pathogens ( Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). While GroEL/ES inhibitors were largely ineffective against K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and E. cloacae (Gram-negative bacteria), many analogs were potent inhibitors of E. faecium and S. aureus proliferation (Gram-positive bacteria, EC<sub>50</sub> values of the most potent analogs were in the 1-2 μM range). Furthermore, even though some compounds inhibit human HSP60/10 biochemical functions in vitro (IC<sub>50</sub> values in the 1-10 μM range), many of these exhibited moderate to low cytotoxicity to human liver and kidney cells (CC<sub>50</sub> values > 20 μM).
Suboptimal treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2019)

This study highlights the suboptimal treatment of dyslipidemia and calls for action to improve the treatment of dyslipidemia in NAFLD patients.
Tunable and non-reciprocal dual-wavelength SOA-fiber ring laser (2017)

Dual-wavelength fiber lasers provide a low cost and simple method for the optical generation of microwave and THz radiation over the electrical techniques. The main reported technique for this purpose is based on the use of FBGs with two different and close wavelengths allowing these two wavelengths only to oscillate within a laser cavity comprising EDFA or SOA gain medium, where the latter provides much less homogeneous line-broadening and improved stability. Non-conventional FBGs and filtering mechanisms were reported all based on unidirectional configuration, where the two wavelengths propagate in the same direction in the ring laser. In this work, we report a tunable dual-wavelength ring laser including non-reciprocal circulators connected back to back providing uncommon path and allowing for having each wavelength rotating in a different direction in the ring. This technique provides the flexibility of controlling each of the wavelengths separately in terms of tunability, polarization and losses. Two tunable Fabry-Perot filters are inserted in the uncommon path and the wavelength of the CW and the CCW waves are controlled independently. Polarization controllers are used in the ring to achieve better stability and achieve single longitudinal mode of operation. For a given settings of the filters, the wavelength of the CW wave is 1485.2 nm while the CCW wave wavelength is 1488.5 nm. The generation of tunable dual wavelength laser is demonstrated by tuning of either of the Fabry-Perot filters. For instance, the CCW wave was tuned from 1532.2 nm to 1534.1 nm while holding the CW at 1535.2 nm. The results demonstrate the generation of tunable dual-wavelength laser output in the proposed nonreciprocal ring, which allows for tunable THz generation.
Light Directed Electrophoretic Deposition for Additive Manufacturing:Spatially Localized Deposition Control with Photoconductive Counter Electrodes (2014)

Abstract not provided
Rare Jejunal Large B-cell Lymphoma Mimicking a Crohn’s Disease Without Terminal Ileum Involvement (2022)

This case describes a 49-year-old man who presented with a several-month history of melena, and unintentional weight loss. Prior esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were unrevealing. Further evaluation with capsule endoscopy showed patchy erythematous mucosa in the jejunum creating suspicion for Crohn's Disease. Subsequent push enteroscopy found nodular and congested patchy mucosa of jejunum, and stigmata of bleeding in the proximal and mid-jejunum. Repeat colonoscopy showed a diffuse area of erythematous mucosa in the recto-sigmoid colon, and moderately congested mucosa in the ascending colon, but a normal terminal ileum. A small bowel biopsy eventually revealed large B-cell lymphoma. This is one of the first seven reported cases of small bowel lymphoma mimicking Crohn's Disease and the first to not have any ileal involvement.
Copy Number Variation in Brown Swiss Dairy Cattle (2014)

CNVs are increasingly recognized as substantial source of genetic variation, fueling studies that assess their impact on complex traits. In particular rare<br/>CNVs have been suggested to potentially explain part of the missing heritability problem in genome wide association studies for complex traits. The objective of this study was to perform a high resolution genome scan for CNV, in a sample of 20 Brown Swiss dairy cattle bulls based on ~20x Illumina whole genome sesequencing data. Employing CNVnator for variant discovery, we present descriptive statistics for the CNVs detected and define consensus CNV regions at the population level. We identified 29,975 deletion-, 1,489 duplication- and 365 complex CNVRs, respectively, which cover 3.3% of the UMD3.1 autosome. We further compared NGS based CNV calls to CNV calls detected by PennCNV based on Illumina HD chip data for 17 bulls with high quality data for both platforms
Maxwell's Displacement Current and the Magnetic Field between Capacitor Electrodes (2022)

A long-standing controversy concerning the causes of the magnetic field in and around a parallel-plate capacitor is examined. Three possible sources of contention are noted and detailed. The first is the ambiguous initial impression given by the calculation of the magnetic field using the integral form of Ampere-Maxwell's Law which incorporates the displacement current density. The second is misinterpretation of this law as a cause-effect formula. The third is insufficient recognition of the fact that the electric field in Maxwell's equations represents the sum of the well-distinguished irrotational and divergence-free fields, which are independently responsible for conservation of charge and the existence of the electromagnetic waves, respectively.
Additional file 22: of Comparative genomics reveals high biological diversity and specific adaptations in the industrially and medically important fungal genus Aspergillus (2017)

Functional analysis of A. niger sugar transporters by complementation of S. cerevisiae transport mutant strains. (XLSX 12 kb)
Controlling combustion phasing variability with fuel injection timing in a multicylinder HCCI engine (2013)

Reduction of combustion phasing cyclic variability (CV) in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines operating lean with late autoignition is experimentally demonstrated. A three-state discrete time model developed in [1] is used for controlling the fuel injection timing and is applied to a multicylinder engine. A key objective of this work is to reduce cyclic variability without advancing the mean combustion phasing. Specifically, if late combustion phasing can be made less variable without advancing the operating point then areas where high CV is typically encountered could be made less variable. Examples include load transition down, when the residual temperature drops more rapidly than can be manipulated by the valve timing, or during mode transitions. Experimental results are presented to gauge the effectiveness of two control schemes, namely proportional and state feedback which have been tuned using the three-state model. Each of these controllers have been augmented with an integrator to maintain the late combustion phasing requirement. This is also done to draw a fair comparison of the controllers ability to reduce CV. The controllers are tested at various levels of CV and it is found that simple control can reduce the standard deviation of combustion phasing an average of 17% over open loop behavior. In addition, because of the simplicity of the control, this offers a viable solution for commercial applications.
Platelet activation induces increased Fc gamma receptor expression. (1990)

Platelet contain Fc gamma RII. However, little is known about how the expression of these receptors is regulated. Inasmuch as platelet activation by a variety of agonists increases the expression of several proteins on the platelet surface, we used flow cytometry to study the effect of platelet activation on the expression of platelet Fc gamma R by measuring the binding of fluorescein-labeled oligomeric IgG (FITC-IgG oligomer) and fluorescein-labeled mAb IV.3 (FITC-IV.3), a mAb that recognizes Fc gamma RII, to platelets. The number of Fc gamma R per platelet was determined by relating the binding to platelets of FITC-IV.3, measured by flow cytometry, to the binding of 125I-labeled IV.3, measured using a standard filtration assay. Nonactivated, gel-filtered platelets from nine healthy donors expressed a mean of 891 Fc gamma R per platelet, whereas platelets activated at 25 degrees C by thrombin or PMA expressed a mean of 1382 Fc gamma R an average increase of 55% (p less than 0.001). Binding of FITC-IgG oligomer increased to a similar extent when platelets were stimulated by these agonists. A smaller increase in the number of Fc gamma R expressed on the platelet surface was measured when platelets were stimulated with ADP, though no increase was observed with epinephrine. The agonist-dependent increase in Fc gamma R expression did not occur when platelets were studied at 4 degrees C or in the presence of agents that elevate intracellular levels of cAMP, suggesting that platelet activation was required for this process. Agonist-stimulated Fc gamma R expression did not depend on dense-granule secretion, because it was observed at low agonist concentrations in the absence of 14C-serotonin release. These studies demonstrate that the number of Fc gamma R expressed on the platelet surface increases when platelets are activated by several agonists, perhaps as a result of the exposure of Fc gamma R located along the surface-connected open canalicular system, or the fusion of platelet alpha-granule and plasma membranes during the activation process. Increased Fc gamma R expression may promote the clearance of IgG-containing immune complexes from the circulation, and contribute to the development of immune complex-mediated thrombocytopenia.
Cisco Systems' Solution for Multicast in BGP/MPLS IP VPNs (2010)

This document describes the MVPN (Multicast in BGP/MPLS IP VPNs) solution designed and deployed by Cisco Systems. The procedures specified in this document are largely a subset of the generalized MVPN framework recently standardized by the IETF. However, as the deployment of the procedures specified herein predates the publication of IETF standards (in some cases by over five years), an implementation based on these procedures differs in some respects from a fully standards-compliant implementation. These differences are pointed out in the document.
Editorial: Interleukin-1: the paradigm for multifunctional inflammatory cytokines (2009)

Cytokines affect nearly all organ systems whether Cytokines affect nearly all organ systems whether in health or disease. In disease or any challenge to the survival of the host, the sub-class of cytokines, classified as “pro-inflammatory cytokines” evokes rapid and profound inflammatory responses. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) was first studied for its ability to cause fever and acute phase changes in response to infection and in many ways established the paradigm for the redundancy of similar inflammatory cytokines that were to be discovered in subsequent years. The paradigm change was based on the ability of IL-1 to induce multiple biological effects and as a result, established the concept that a single molecule evoked a myriad of seemingly unrelated changes in responding cells and in animals. In general, the explanation for the multiple activities lies in the ubiquitous presence of the IL-1 receptor on nearly all cells. Another explanation for these multiple activities is the induction of a set of genes, which are not expressed in health but rather in disease. For example, the induction of prostaglandins via the inducible cyclooxygenase-2, the death of the insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans due to the inducible nitric oxide and the release of neutrophils from the bone marrow via the induction of granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Each activity was initially viewed as seemingly unrelated, although clearly IL-1-inducible events. Today, following the identification of IL-1 receptors and post-receptor IL-1 signaling kinases, these events are far less unrelated. Nevertheless, since the initial studies on IL-1, the multiple effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines are readily accepted as part of biology. The biology of IL-1 took a major leap when humans were injected with IL- 1 and multiple systemic effects were observed as well as a set of symptoms unknown from animal studies. In addition, the potency of the cytokine for humans was established to be in the low picomolar range.
Differential Contributions of Conformation Extension and Domain Unfolding to Properties of Fibronectin Nanotextiles (2012)

Fibronectin (FN) textiles are built as nanometer-thick fabrics. When uniaxially loaded, these fabrics exhibit a distinct threshold between elastic and plastic deformation with increasing stretch. Fabric mechanics are modeled using an eight-chain network and two-state model, revealing that elastic properties of FN depend on conformational extension of the protein and that plastic deformation depends on domain unfolding. Our results suggest how the molecular architecture of a molecule can be exploited for designer mechanical properties of a bulk material.
Clathrochelate Complexes Containing Axial Cymantrene and Tromancenium Moieties (2023)

New clathrochelate complexes of manganese, iron and cobalt containing peripheral organometallic manganese moieties cymantrene or tromancenium were synthesized via self-assembly from di/tri-topic dioximes, metal templates and cymantrene/tromancenium boronic acid pinacol esters. These air-stable, highly colored, oligometallic complexes are composed of various combinations of Mn<sup>I</sup>Fe<sup>II</sup>Mn<sup>I</sup>, Mn<sup>I</sup>Co<sup>II</sup>Mn<sup>I</sup>, Mn<sup>I</sup>Mn<sup>II</sup>Mn<sup>II</sup>Mn<sup>I</sup> and Mn<sup>I</sup>Co<sup>II</sup>Co<sup>II</sup>Mn<sup>I</sup> metal assemblies with corresponding complicated magnetic and electrochemical properties. Full spectroscopic and structural characterization by <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>11</sup>B/<sup>13</sup>C NMR, HRMS, IR, UV-vis, single crystal XRD and CV (cyclic voltammetry) is provided. Tetrametallic complexes containing tromanceniumyl substituents with two Co<sup>II</sup> or Mn<sup>II</sup> central metals exhibit promising anticancer properties against different tumor cell lines.
Multiphysics Computational Modeling of Hybrid Rocket Combustion (2011)

Recently, the hybrid rocket propulsion has become attractive to the research community and has developed the trend to become an alternative to the conventional liquid and solid rockets. Among available hybrid systems, the N 2O (Nitrous Oxide)-HTPB (Hydroxyl-Terminated PolyButadiene ) hybrid propulsion represents the simplest but sufficiently efficient design. To date, research in developing hybrid N 2O-HTPB propulsion system, despite some available fuel regression rate correlations, still strongly depends on experimental trials-and-errors, which are time-consuming and expensive. Thus, detailed understanding of the fundamental combustion processes that are involved in the N 2O-HTPB propulsion system can greatly impact the research community in this field. This may further facilitate the successful modeling of the combustion processes and help improving the design of N 2O-HTPB propulsion system in the future. A comprehensive numerical model with real-fluid properties and finite-rate chemistry is developed in this research to predict the combustion flowfield inside a N 2O-HTPB hybrid rocket system. The effects of a mixing enhancer design are demonstrated experimentally and numerically in boosting the overall thrust performance of a hybrid rocket motor. Good numerical predictions as compared to experimental performance data are presented. Computation of the N 2O flow rate control with a ball valve shows smooth variation behavior which is desirable in propulsion system designs.
A novel combined CSI feedback mechanism to support multi-user MIMO beamforming schemes in TDD-OFDMA systems (2010)

In modern Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) techniques are employed to increase the cell and user throughput without additional bandwidth or transmit power requirements. The increased throughput in the downlink is achieved by simultaneous transmission to multiple mobile stations (MSs) over the same time-frequency resources. MU-MIMO beamforming techniques at the base station (BS) transmitter are used to mitigate interference from one data stream to another. To enable the MU-MIMO beamforming operation in the downlink, channel state information (CSI) feedback from the MS is required. In this paper we propose a novel CSI feedback mechanism which combines two existing CSI feedback schemes to achieve significant system performance improvements in MU-MIMO beamforming for OFDMA systems operating in Time Division Duplex (TDD). The employed CSI reporting schemes are the quantized, codebook-based feedback scheme and the sounding-based feedback scheme. In the first step, the performance of the two feedback schemes is evaluated separately through system-level simulations. It is shown that for accurate calculation of the MU-MIMO beamforming weights, the sounding-based CSI feedback scheme is preferable in deployment scenarios with low noise and interference levels. For the remaining deployment scenarios, the quantized codebook-based reporting mechanism outperforms the sounding-based feedback scheme. In the second step, the proposed combination of the considered feedback mechanisms using a simple feedback selection scheme is evaluated through extensive simulations. The simulation results presented in the paper show that the proposed combined CSI feedback mechanism not only outperforms the existing CSI feedback schemes if used separately but also leads to marginal performance degradation compared to the system performance achieved with prefect CSI knowledge at the BS transmitter.
Multi-Touch Table System for Medical Visualization (2015)

Medical imaging plays a central role in a vast range of healthcare practices. While the usefulness of 3D visualizations is well known, the adoption of such technology has previously been limited in many medical areas. This paper, awarded the Dirk Bartz Prize for Visual Computing in Medicine 2015, describes the development of a medical multi-touch visualization table that successfully has reached its aim to bring 3D visualization to a wider clinical audience. The descriptions summarize the targeted clinical scenarios, the key characteristics of the system, and the user feedback obtained.
Supercooling of Liquid Hydrogen (1986)

We describe experiments that we have performed with droplets of supercooled liquid ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in the temperature range down to 10.6 K. We have measured the nucleation rate for the production of the solid phase. Using this result, we discuss the prospects for the experimental production of superfluid ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$.
A hardware prototype of sub‐Nyquist radar with unknown pulses (2021)

Abstract In a conventional radar system, the hardware cost increases with the sampling rate of the receiver. Sub‐Nyquist radar systems operate at lower sampling rates and hence reduce the hardware cost and complexity. A sub‐Nyquist radar system uses the knowledge of the transmit pulse shape to determine the targets. However, the pulse shape is often distorted in practice and unknown to the receiver. An alternative sub‐Nyquist radar system that uses multiple receiver was proposed that estimates the targets without knowledge of the pulse shape. In this demo, the authors build a hardware prototype to demonstrate the proposed multi‐receiver sub‐Nyquist radar. The proposed two‐receiver system with an unknown pulse has comparable pre‐forms to a conventional sub‐Nyquist system is shown. This paper shows a hardware demonstration of sub‐Nyquist sampling of finite‐rate‐of‐innovation signals when the basic pulse shape is unknown. The results are particularly interesting in radar imaging, where the transmit pulse is distorted while propagation and unknown at the receiver.