gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced Resist Design Using AFM Analysis for ArF Lithography (2003)

We found that the line edge roughness (LER) of resist pattern could be improved by improving the uniformity of the polymer itself, the main component of the photoresist, at stage of the polymerization. Also, we found that, by using the atomic force microscope (AFM), the aspect of the polymer aggregates had difference when we quantitatively comparison-measured photoresist surface, which was in process of dissolution. We believe that this difference is due to the individual aggregate dissolution property toward the developer. In this paper, we are focusing on the dissolution property of polymers toward developer, and discussing on the uniformity of the polymer and the correlation to the LER.
Roles of temporal proximity between sound edges in the perceptual organization of veridical and illusory auditory events (2022)

The gap transfer illusion is an auditory illusion in which a temporal gap in a long glide is perceived as if it had transferred to a physically continuous shorter glide. The illusion typically occurs when the long and the shorter glide cross each other at their temporal midpoints, where the long glide is physically divided by the gap. The occurrence of the gap transfer illusion was investigated in stimuli in which the duration and the slope of the long glide were 5000 ms and ∼0.8 oct/s. The shorter glide was given different frequency ranges and different temporal ranges, and thus its time-frequency slope was also varied. The overlap configuration of these crossing glides was varied as well. As control stimuli, we used stimuli in which a continuous long glide crossed a shorter glide with a gap, i.e., the opposite configuration of the gap-transfer stimuli as above, as well as stimuli in which both crossing glides were continuous. The perception of two crossing tones tended to be facilitated when the glides differed in duration and/or slope. When the glides were relatively similar in duration and slope, however, bouncing percepts appeared more often. Similarity between the crossing tones thus promoted auditory bouncing, while dissimilarity between them facilitated the crossing percept. If the crossing percept dominated in gap-transfer stimuli, the gap transfer illusion took place in a typical manner, but the illusory transfer of the gap could occur even when the crossing percept was not dominant. When the shorter glide was as short as 500 ms, the crossing percept and the gap transfer illusion were robust. The mechanism of the illusion was examined in terms of factors that can influence the perceptual integration of auditory stimulus edges, i.e., onsets and offsets, of physically different sounds. Much like the perceptual construction of speech units, we suggest that the auditory system utilizes a rough time window of several hundreds of milliseconds to construct an initial skeleton percept of auditory events. The present data indicated the importance of the temporal proximity, rather than the frequency proximity, between sound edges in the illusory tone construction.
Reinforcement Learning for Generalized Parameter Optimization in Elastic Optical Networks (2021)

Elastic Optical Networking enables efficient use of spectral resources at the cost of a large parameter space which needs to be optimized to maximize transmission bandwidth. By formulating this optimization problem as a Markov Decision Process, we show that by using a state of the art Reinforcement Learning algorithm an agent can be trained, which is able to select near optimal parameters for different link conditions within seconds. Furthermore, the trained agent is able to generalize to unseen conditions, removing the need to optimize and train for every possible link scenario.
Inference from Matrix Products: A Heuristic Spin-Glass Algorithm (2008)

We present an algorithm for finding ground states of two-dimensional spin-glass systems based on ideas from matrix product states in quantum information theory. The algorithm works directly at zero temperature and defines an approximation to the energy whose accuracy depends on a parameter k. We test the algorithm against exact methods on random field and random bond Ising models, and we find that accurate results require a k which scales roughly polynomially with the system size. The algorithm also performs well when tested on small systems with arbitrary interactions, where no fast, exact algorithms exist. The time required is significantly less than Monte Carlo schemes.
Foundation of the Outstanding Toughness in Biomimetic and Natural Spider Silk (2017)

Spider dragline silk is distinguished through the highest toughness of all natural as well as artificial fiber materials. To unravel the toughness's molecular foundation and to enable manufacturing biomimetic analogues, we investigated the morphological and functional structure of recombinant fibers, which exhibit toughness similar to that of the natural template, on the molecular scale by means of vibrational spectroscopy and on the mesoscale by X-ray scattering. Whereas the former was used to identify protein secondary structures and their alignment in the natural as well as artificial silks, the latter revealed nanometer-sized crystallites on the higher structural level. Furthermore, a spectral red shift of a crystal-specific absorption band demonstrated that macroscopically applied stress is directly transferred to the molecular scale, where it is finally dissipated. Concerning this feature, both the natural as well as the biomimetic fibers are almost indistinguishable, giving rise to the toughness of both fiber materials.
Correction to Reduction Sensitive Lipid Conjugates of Tenofovir: Synthesis, Stability, and Antiviral Activity (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Reduction Sensitive Lipid Conjugates of Tenofovir: Synthesis, Stability, and Antiviral ActivityKyle E. Giesler*, Jose Marengo, and Dennis C. Liotta*Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2017, 60, 8, 3531Publication Date (Web):April 17, 2017Publication History Published online17 April 2017Published inissue 27 April 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00537https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00537correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views682Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (261 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of Transmit-Array Lens Antenna for Deep-Seated Hyperthermia Tumor Treatment (2020)

A transmit-array lens antenna is proposed with a view to optimally treat patients with tumors deep inside their bodies. The proposed antenna produces a destructive interference of the electric field that can reduce the heat generated at the skin by the heat-nulling technique. Simultaneously, it concentrates microwave energy on the deep-seated tumor. It is possible to heat an area of 114 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at a 50 mm depth below the skin without damage to normal cells. The specific absorption rate (SAR) at a depth of 50 mm corresponds to 50% of the maximum SAR induced in the human body. These results show that the proposed transmit-array lens antenna is suitable for treating tumors located deep inside the body, such as kidney cancer.
A Polarization Contrast Retina Using Patterned Iodine-doped PVA Film (1996)

Many insect species and some animals can sense light polarization in their environment, but humans are blind to this property of light. In this paper, we present a one-dimensional polarization imager as an example of a polarization retina, and we describe recent advances in developing a high resolution, integrated, two dimensional polarization retina. We discuss how iodine-doped poly(vinyl alcohol) linear polarizers can be processed using standard microfabrication lithographic techniques to delineate features with resolution comparable to pixel sizes of standard imagers.
Clinically tested drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (2003)

Alzheimer's disease poses a major health problem in developed countries and vigorous research is underway aimed at finding effective treatments. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are approved but give only temporary cognitive benefit to a percentage of patients. Their relative ineffectiveness is not surprising since the neuronal loss comprises much more than the forebrain cholinergic system. What is needed is a drug that will halt the neuronal death and thus progression of the disease. Avenues being explored are aimed at pathological features of the disease, i.e., drugs aimed at removing the amyloid burden which forms the plaques or reducing the neurotoxic neuroinflammation and oxidative stress which characterise the diseased brain regions. There are some promising leads, but more definitive clinical trials are required. Any agent designed to slow progression should clearly be used at an early stage of the disorder; therefore methods of early diagnosis are also essential.
Models for development of nonreceptor methods for distinguishing androgen-sensitive and -insensitive prostatic tumors. (1979)

From the original Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, several distinct sublines have been obtained. These sublines include a well-differentiated, slow-growing, androgen-sensitive tumor (R-3327-H); a well-differentiated, slow-growing, androgen-insensitive tumor (R-3327-HI); and a fast-growing, androgen-insensitive, anaplastic tumor (R-3327-AT). These three sublines were compared in order to develop new model methods for the prediction of the androgen sensitivity and the degree of differentiation of prostatic adenocarcinomas. The R-3327-AT was very distinct in all parameters examined except the tissue protein electrophoretic patterns which contained a uniform pattern in all tumors. The significant differences between R-3327-H and -HI sublines were (a) the inability of testosterone to stimulate DNA synthesis in the R-3327-HI tumor and (b) the difference in the enzymatic profiles of these sublines. The specific activity of three enzymes (3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase, lactic dehydrogenase) increased while the activity of another three enzymes (6 alpha,7 alpha-hydroxylase, 5 alpha-reductase, alkaline phosphatase) decreased in the sublines which are androgen insensitive and less differentiated. An arbitrary index was constructed, based upon these enzyme differences, which clearly discriminates the degree of androgen sensitivity and differentiation of these R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinomas.
F-18-fluorothymidine-PET evaluation of bone marrow transplant in a rat model (2009)

We conclude that positron emission tomography using F-18-fluorothymidine offers a clinically useful noninvasive technique to evaluate bone marrow injury and recovery.
Cutaneous pharmacokinetics of escalating Ruxolitinib formulation doses utilizing a coherent Raman imaging pipeline (2022)

Systemic drug delivery for dermatological conditions yields little drug to the intended site of action resulting in adverse effects. Topical drug delivery is a viable alternative yet the local cutaneous pharmacokinetics (cPK) is relatively under-explored. Product dosing is dependent upon the knowledge of the dose-cPK relationship, which coincides with the pharmacodynamic (PD) activity. Coherent Raman imaging (CRI) can quantify tissue-specific drug localization and elucidate micro-scale cPK estimates, affording a clinically relevant cPK-PD relationship. This demonstration of a dose-cPK relationship utilizing CRI offers a stepping stone for additional formulation evaluation ex vivo.
Predicting the working alliance over the course of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy with the Rorschach Ego Impairment Index, self-reported defense style, and performance-based intelligence: An evaluation of three methodological approaches. (2020)

Better therapeutic alliances are known to predict better treatment outcomes, but little knowledge still exists on the patient characteristics that lead to better alliances. In a sample of 128 outpatients assigned to long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and suffering from mood and/or anxiety disorder, this study evaluated how the alliance, measured using the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), is predicted by three different measures for assessing psychological resources and vulnerabilities: the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised (WAIS–R), the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), and the Rorschach-based Ego Impairment Index (EII-2). All the three measures showed some ability to predict the development of the alliance during long-term therapy. The WAIS–R was found to be the strongest independent predictor, with higher intelligence scores predicting favorable development of both the patient- and therapist-rated alliance. Lower DSQ values, indicating less use of immature defenses, predicted greater improvement in the patient- but not the therapist-rated alliance. Higher EII-2 values, indicating more problematic ego functioning, predicted likewise greater patient-rated alliance improvement over the course of treatment. These findings support the value of pretreatment multimethod psychological assessment when tailoring treatment to the individual needs of patients.
Metric engineering of perfluorocarbon–hydrocarbon layered solids driven by the halogen bonding (2004)

The halogen bonding driven self-assembly of 1,4-dicyanobutane and 1,6-dicyanohexane with a range of perfluorinated telechelic diiodoalkanes yields layered 1D, infinite chain co-crystals. The structure and metrics of these co-crystals are remarkably predictable.
YANG Data Model for MPLS LDP (2022)

This document describes a YANG data model for Multi-Protocol Label
Switching (MPLS) Multipoint Label Distribution Protocol (mLDP). The
mLDP data model augments the LDP data model. The YANG modules in this
document conform to the Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA).
A Thermodynamic Model of Solar Thermal Energy Assisted Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycle (NGCC) Power Plant (2016)

A solar thermal energy assisted NGCC power plant was modeled to investigate the impact on plant efficiency, output and CO2 emission with solar thermal energy addition. In this particular model, with 23.7 MWth solar thermal energy input to the HRSG, the duct firing could be shut off, 2337.5 kg/h natural gas would be saved, and 6.2 t/hr CO2 emission would be eliminated. However, there would also be a 4.07 MWe loss in power from the combined cycle. Another solar input approach shows 14.35 MWe additional electricity would be generated with 35 MWth solar thermal energy addition. The thermodynamic analyses in this paper demonstrated the possibilities to utilize the solar thermal energy to reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emission, or to increase the NGCC power plant efficiency and output, while taking advantage of the already existing power plant infrastructure.
Supplementary Figure 3 from MYC-Driven Tumorigenesis Is Inhibited by WRN Syndrome Gene Deficiency (2023)

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Novel poly(triphenylamine-alt-fluorene) with asymmetric hexaphenylbenzene and pyrene moieties: synthesis, fluorescence, flexible near-infrared electrochromic devices and theoretical investigation (2016)

A new triphenylamine-<italic>alt</italic>-fluorene conjugated polymer with hexaphenylbenzene and pyrene for near-infrared electrochromism supported by DFT calculation and simulated spectra.
Gene delivery & gene editing platform evolution (2022)

Dr Rodino-Klapac is a gene therapy pioneer who has dedicated her professional life to advancing medicines designed to treat genetically based diseases. With professional experience across industry and academia, she is renowned for her contributions to molecular genetics and gene therapy that have advanced the field. She is author to a vast body of published, peer-reviewed work, the recipient of multiple awards, a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fellow appointee, and current Board member of the Association for Regenerative Medicine, as well as a member of the American Society for Gene and Cell Therapy, the American Academy of Neurology, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She is the former head of the Laboratory for Gene Therapy Research at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, established the Gene Therapy Center of Excellence within Sarepta and leads the Company’s Gene Editing Innovation Center, directing a team of researchers to discover and develop novel gene replacement and gene editing therapies. She co-founded and served as chief scientific officer of Myonexus Therapeutics, a gene therapy company focused on limb-girdle muscular dystrophies acquired by Sarepta in 2019. She currently serves as Sarepta’s Executive Vice President, Chief Scientific Officer. Her work has led to 11 investigational new drug applications and she is the co-inventor of SRP-9001, an investigational micro-dystrophin gene therapy, and the inventor of five investigational gene therapies for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. She is the inventor of over 50 US and over 70 international published patent applications. She earned her PhD in molecular genetics form the Ohio State University and graduated summa cum laude from Kings College in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, with a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology.
Efficient Luminescent Down-Shifting Detectors Based on Colloidal Quantum Dots for Dual-Band Detection Applications (2011)

A colloidal quantum dot (QD) luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layer is used to sensitize an InGaAs short wavelength infrared photodetector to the near UV spectral band. An average improvement in the external quantum efficiency (EQE) from 1.8% to 21% across the near UV is realized using an LDS layer consisting of PbS/CdS core/shell QDs embedded in PMMA. A simple model is used to fit the experimental EQE data. A UV sensitive InGaAs imaging array is demonstrated and the effect of the LDS layer on the optical resolution is calculated. The bandwidth of the LDS detector under UV illumination is characterized and shown to be determined by the photoluminescence lifetime of the QDs.
Stereo Vision-Based High Dynamic Range Imaging Using Differently-Exposed Image Pair (2017)

In this paper, a high dynamic range (HDR) imaging method based on the stereo vision system is presented. The proposed method uses differently exposed low dynamic range (LDR) images captured from a stereo camera. The stereo LDR images are first converted to initial stereo HDR images using the inverse camera response function estimated from the LDR images. However, due to the limited dynamic range of the stereo LDR camera, the radiance values in under/over-exposed regions of the initial main-view (MV) HDR image can be lost. To restore these radiance values, the proposed stereo matching and hole-filling algorithms are applied to the stereo HDR images. Specifically, the auxiliary-view (AV) HDR image is warped by using the estimated disparity between initial the stereo HDR images and then effective hole-filling is applied to the warped AV HDR image. To reconstruct the final MV HDR, the warped and hole-filled AV HDR image is fused with the initial MV HDR image using the weight map. The experimental results demonstrate objectively and subjectively that the proposed stereo HDR imaging method provides better performance compared to the conventional method.
Reducing the Sub-threshold and Gate-tunneling Leakage of SRAM Cells using Dual-Vt and Dual-Tox Assignment (2006)

Aggressive CMOS scaling results in low threshold voltage and thin oxide thickness for transistors manufactured in very deep submicron regime. As a result, reducing the subthreshold and gate-tunneling leakage currents has become one of the most important criteria in the design of VLSI circuits. This paper presents a method based on dual-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> and dual-T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ox</sub> assignment to reduce the total leakage power dissipation of SRAMs while maintaining their performance. The proposed method is based on the observation that the read and write delays of a memory cell in an SRAM block depend on the physical distance of the cell from the sense amplifier and the decoder. Thus, the idea is to deploy different types of six-transistor SRAM cells corresponding to different threshold voltage and oxide thickness assignments for the transistors. Unlike other techniques for low-leakage SRAM design, the proposed technique incurs neither area nor delay overhead. In addition, it results in a minor change in the SRAM design flow. Simulation results with a 65 nm process demonstrate that this technique can reduce the total leakage power dissipation of a 64 Kb SRAM by more than 50%
On‐Tip Photo‐Modulated Molecular Printing (2015)

The concept of using cantilever-free scanning probe arrays as structures that can modulate nanoscale ink flow and composition with light is introduced and evaluated. By utilizing polymer pen arrays with an opaque gold layer surrounding the base of the transparent polymer pyramids, we show that inks with photopolymerizable or isomerizable constituents can be used in conjunction with light channelled through the pyramids to control ink viscosity or composition in a dynamic manner. This on-tip photo-modulated molecular printing provides novel chemically and mechanically controlled approaches to regulating ink transport and composition in real time and could be useful not only for rapidly adjusting feature size but also for studying processes including photoreactions and mass transport at the nanoscale, self-assembly, and cell-material interactions.