gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-parameter sensor based on random fiber lasers (2016)

We demonstrate a concept of utilizing random fiber lasers to achieve multi-parameter sensing. The proposed random fiber ring laser consists of an erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium and a random fiber grating as the feedback. The random feedback is effectively realized by a large number of reflections from around 50000 femtosecond laser induced refractive index modulation regions over a 10cm standard single mode fiber. Numerous polarization-dependent spectral filters are formed and superimposed to provide multiple lasing lines with high signal-to-noise ratio up to 40dB, which gives an access for a high-fidelity multi-parameter sensing scheme. The number of sensing parameters can be controlled by the number of the lasing lines via input polarizations and wavelength shifts of each peak can be explored for the simultaneous multi-parameter sensing with one sensing probe. In addition, the random grating induced coupling between core and cladding modes can be potentially used for liquid medical sample sensing in medical diagnostics, biology and remote sensing in hostile environments.
Investigation on the coloring and bleaching processes of WO3−x photochromic thin films (2020)

WO<sub>3−x</sub> (oxygen deficient tungsten oxide) thin films and WO<sub>3−x</sub>/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (tantalum oxide) composite films exhibit a huge photochromic effect with 60% near-infrared transmission modulation.
MO761: Real-Time Prediction of Intradialytic Hypotension using Machine Learning and Cloud Computing Infrastructure (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a frequent complication of chronic hemodialysis that could lead to serious clinical outcomes and can be difficult to predict. We used machine learning (ML) and cloud computing infrastructure to develop and evaluate a model that enables real-time IDH prediction. METHOD Data were analyzed from six dialysis clinics (Fresenius Kidney Care, Waltham, MA, United States) between January 2020 and November 2020. Data included demographic, clinical, treatment and laboratory were obtained from the electronic health record. The intradialytic data such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate and blood flow rate were transferred in real time to Amazon Web Services (AWS, Amazon Web Services, Inc., Seattle, WA, United States) using secure Internet of Things software. Data were randomly divided into model training (80%) and testing (20%) sets. IDH was defined as SBP less than 90 mmHg. A ML tool known as an extreme gradient boosting algorithm (XGBoost) was used. Each time when an intradialytic SBP was measured, the model, which was hosted in AWS, would enable real-time prediction (in less than a minute) of patients who were at risk of IDH within the next 15–75 min. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to measure the model's performance. Shapley values were calculated to derive variables that were considered highly predictive of IDH. RESULTS We obtained data from 42 546 hemodialysis sessions involving 693 patients and 355 693 intradialytic observations. IDH occurred in 17% of the treatments. Our model reasonably predicted IDH, achieving an AUROC of 0.89. Top three predictors of IDH within the next 15–75 min were last intradialytic SBP, IDH rate of the last 10 treatments and mean nadir SBP of the last 10 treatments (Fig. 1). CONCLUSION Our study clearly shows the possibility of predicting IDH within the next 15–75 min using ML and cloud computing infrastructure, it suggests that the tool has the potential to assist clinicians to intervene proactively in patients at risk for IDH in real time.
Proactive Insider Threat Detection through Graph Learning and Psychological Context (2012)

The annual incidence of insider attacks continues to grow, and there are indications this trend will continue. While there are a number of existing tools that can accurately identify known attacks, these are reactive (as opposed to proactive) in their enforcement, and may be eluded by previously unseen, adversarial behaviors. This paper proposes an approach that combines Structural Anomaly Detection (SA) from social and information networks and Psychological Profiling (PP) of individuals. SA uses technologies including graph analysis, dynamic tracking, and machine learning to detect structural anomalies in large-scale information network data, while PP constructs dynamic psychological profiles from behavioral patterns. Threats are finally identified through a fusion and ranking of outcomes from SA and PP. The proposed approach is illustrated by applying it to a large data set from a massively multi-player online game, World of War craft (WoW). The data set contains behavior traces from over 350,000 characters observed over a period of 6 months. SA is used to predict if and when characters quit their guild (a player association with similarities to a club or workgroup in non-gaming contexts), possibly causing damage to these social groups. PP serves to estimate the five-factor personality model for all characters. Both threads show good results on the gaming data set and thus validate the proposed approach.
<title>Active contour based on the elliptical Fourier series, applied to matrix-array ultrasound of the heart</title> (1997)

We describe an active contour based on the elliptical Fourier series, and its application to matrix-array ultrasound. Matrix-array ultrasound is a new medical imaging modality that scans a 3D-volume electronically without physically moving the transducer, allowing for real-time continuous 3D imaging of the heart. Unlike other 3D ultrasound modalities which physically move a linear array, matrix array ultrasound is rapid enough to capture an individual cardiac cycle, yielding a temporal resolution of 22 volumetric scans per second. With the goal of automatically tracking the heart wall, an active contour has been developed using the elliptical Fourier series to find perpendicular lines intersecting an initial contour. The neighborhood defined by these perpendiculars is mapped into a rectangular space, called the 1D swath, whose vertical axis represents the inside-vs.-outside dimension of the contour (along the perpendicular), and whose horizontal axis represents parametric distance along the contour (tangent to the contour). A dynamic programming technique is then used to find the optimum error function traversing the rectangle horizontally, and this error function is mapped back into image space to yield a new contour. The method does not iterate, but rather simultaneously searches for the optimum contour within a limited domain. Results are presented applying the technique to 3D ultrasound images of in vivo hearts.
The Kinetics of Electrochemical Alloying in Liquid Mg-Sb (2012)

Abstract not Available.
ARO-PUF: An aging-resistant ring oscillator PUF design (2014)

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a security block with the potential to generate chip-specific identifiers and cryptographic keys. However it has been shown that the stability of these identifiers and keys is heavily impacted by aging and environmental variations. Previous techniques have mostly focused on improving PUF robustness against supply noise and temperature but aging has been largely neglected. In this paper, we propose a new aging resistant design for the popular ring-oscillator (RO)-PUF. Simulation results demonstrate that our aging resistant RO-PUF (called ARO-PUF) can produce unique, random, and more reliable keys. Only 7.7% bits get flipped on average over 10 years operation period for an ARO-PUF due to aging where the value is 32% for a conventional RO-PUF. The ARO-PUF shows an average interchip HD of 49.67% (close to ideal value 50%) and better than the conventional RO-PUF (~45%). With lower error, ARO-PUF offers ~ 24X area reduction for a 128-bit key because of reduced ECC complexity and smaller PUF footprint.
Establishment of three PPD-reactive helper T cell clones with distinct functions in B cell activation. (1984)

Three PPD-reactive long-term cultured helper T cell clones were established from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Tbc)-primed spleen cells. Clones B11.15 and B12.F were derived from C57BL/6 mice, and clone D-2 was originated from DBA/2Ha mice that have an X-linked recessive inheritance of T cell-replacing factor (TRF) unresponsiveness. Proliferative responses of these cloned T cells were induced by stimulation with PPD in a dose-dependent manner only when I-A-subregion compatible antigen-presenting cells (APC) were present. These three T cell clones have distinct helper functions in B cell activation. Clone B11.15 activated DNP-primed B cells to induce anti-DNP IgM plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses only when high amounts of PPD (5 micrograms) were added to the culture in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted manner (factor-mediated interaction), whereas stimulation with a low amount of DNP-PPD (0.05 microgram) was ineffective. On the other hand, clone D-2 triggered B cells in the presence of a low amount of DNP-PPD in a MHC-restricted manner (cognate interaction). Significant helper activity of D-2, however, was not observed in the presence of high amounts of PPD. Clone B12.F was able to activate B cells in the presence of either DNP-PPD or PPD. Moreover, both B11.15 and B12.F produced helper factor(s) such as TRF by stimulation with high amounts of PPD in the presence of syngeneic APC, whereas D-2 did not produce measurable helper factor(s) under the same conditions. These results suggest that at least three distinctly functioning PPD-reactive helper T cells can be generated by active immunization with Tbc in vivo. T-B cell interaction between distinctly functioning T cell clones and B cells from (DBA/Ha X C57BL/6) (DB6)F1 male or female mice was then examined. B cells from DB6F1 female mice were triggered by both B11.15 and B12.F in a factor-mediated manner and were also activated with B12.F or D-2 in cognate manner. On the other hand, B cells from DB6F1 male mice, which are TRF low responders, were activated by B12.F or D-2 only through cognate interaction, and they failed to cooperate with B12.F or B11.15 in factor-mediated manner. These findings further suggest that B cells can be triggered by at least two distinct helper T cell subpopulations via respective pathways (cognate interaction and factor-mediated interaction).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Statistical modeling of electrochemical metallization memory cells (2014)

Redox-based resistive switching devices have attracted great interest for future nonvolatile memory application. The electrochemical metallization memory (ECM) cell is one variant of these devices. One issue is the variability of the resistive switching in ECM cells. Thus, statistical models that capture the variability of ECM cells are required to enable circuit design. This works presents a statistical model for the resistive switching in ECM cells that is based on the electrochemical driven growth and dissolution of a metallic filament. The simulation results are validated using experimental data.
Tailor-Made Polymers for Laser Ablation. (2001)

Photopolymers based on triazene-groups were designed for UV laser ablation. The tested triazene-polymer reveals a low threshold fluence and unusually high ablation rates at low and high fluences. The polymer decomposes into gaseous products, resulting in clean ablation structures without surface contaminations. The triazene-polymer was also tested for two different applications at two different irradiation wavelengths, i.e. in the UV (308 nm) and in the near-IR (935 nm). Diffractive gray tone phase masks optimized for laser ablation were applied to fabricate microoptical elements. The triazene-polymereveals also superior properties for applications in the near-IR. Near-IR irradiation is used to create a plasma which could be used as thruster for microsatellites. The carbon-doped triazene-polymer shows higher values of the momentum coupling coefficient and specific impulse than a commercial polymer. The well-defined threshold for the maximum momentum coupling coefficient was only observed for the designed polymer.
LOAD BEARING TESTS OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTING WALL USING TOUGHENED GLASS (2007)

This paper deals with the experimental study of the eartuquake resisting wall using toughened glass. Load bearing tests were conducted to determine the ultimate horizontal strength and deformation capacity. The result shows the wall using toughened glass has enough strength as the earthquake resisting wall for wooden house.
Membrane properties of type II spiral ganglion neurones identified in a neonatal rat cochlear slice (2003)

Neuro-anatomical studies in the mammalian cochlea have previously identified a subpopulation of approximately 5 % of primary auditory neurones, designated type II spiral ganglion neurones (sgnII). These neurones project to outer hair cells and their supporting cells, within the 'cochlear amplifier' region. Physiological characterization of sgnII has proven elusive. Whole-cell patch clamp of spiral ganglion neurones in P7-P10 rat cochlear slices provided functional characterization of sgnII, identified by biocytin or Lucifer yellow labelling of their peripheral neurite projections (outer spiral fibres) subsequent to electrophysiological characterisation. SgnII terminal fields comprised multiple outer hair cells and supporting cells, located up to 370 mum basal to their soma. SgnII firing properties were defined by rapidly inactivating A-type-like potassium currents that suppress burst firing of action potentials. Type I spiral ganglion neurones (sgnI), had shorter radial projections to single inner hair cells and exhibited larger potassium currents with faster activation and slower inactivation kinetics, compatible with the high temporal firing fidelity seen in auditory nerve coding. Based on these findings, sgnII may be identified in future by the A-type current. Glutamate-gated somatic currents in sgnII were more potentiated by cyclothiazide than those in sgnI, suggesting differential AMPA receptor expression. ATP-activated desensitising inward currents were comparable in sgn II and sgnI. These data support a role for sgnII in providing integrated afferent feedback from the cochlear amplifier.
EVALUATION OF GENOTYPE–PHENOTYPE ASSOCIATIONS IN LEBER CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS (2005)

There was considerable overlap of phenotypic expression in six genetic subtypes in our LCA cohort. However, phenotypic trends were noted in our patients' visual acuities and posterior segment findings within genotypes. These findings have practical value for genetic screening strategies for LCA patients based upon phenotype as well as for counseling patients on their visual prognosis.
Enhanced Maintenance Services with Automatic Structuring of IT Problem Ticket Data (2008)

We propose a novel technique to enhance the IT problem isolation and resolution Maintenance Services by automatically structuring problem tickets consisting of free form, heterogeneous textual data. The originality of our technique consists in applying the Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) supervised learning process to automatically identify individual units of information in the raw data. We apply our technique to identify structural patterns specific to the problem ticket data used in Call Centers since this data is not explicitly structured, is highly noisy, and very heterogeneous in content, making it hard to analyze and search by the remote technical support personnel. We present a study of the accuracy of our experiments.
Synthesis of Catalytically Active Polymer-Bound Transition Metal Complexes for Selective Epoxidation of Olefins (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Catalytically Active Polymer-Bound Transition Metal Complexes for Selective Epoxidation of OlefinsBinod B. De, Braj B. Lohray, Swaminathan Sivaram, and Pradeep K. DhalCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 6, 1291–1296Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00084a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00084a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anguille Marine, a Deepsea-Fan Reservoir Offshore Gabon: From Geology Toward History Matching Through Stochastic Modelling (1992)

ABSTRACT The ANGUILLE MARINE field has been produced for 25 years. Implementation of water injection soon revealed complex reservoir mechanisms controlled by severe sedimentary heterogeneities. The ANGUILLE Formation has been deposited in a deep-sea- fan environment (slope apron) with a low sand/shale ratio. In such an environment, the geometry of sandbodies controls the reservoir connectivity. Knowledge of this parameter is therefore critical in understanding flow mechanisms. This paper deals with a multi-scale analysis of the heterogeneities (5 scales were studied), and the research of the best way to represent all the scales in the 3D modelling. Sequence stratigraphy principles are applied successfully and allow the reconstitution of the ANGUILLE Formation history. In each defined time unit, a sequence analysis log data is used to divide the reservoir into four main types of turbiditic geometries (channels, lobes, slumps, laminated facies). Isovalue maps of lobe and channel frequency slow clearly the paleo-directions of sediment supply. These, together with the well data, constrained the generation of fine 3D models of heterogeneities (more than 2 millions gridblocks) using geostatistical techniques. The generated models proved to efficiently represent the reservoir, as confirmed by the drilling of a new well in the northern part of the field. The results of the full-field flow simulations raised several questions regarding both the geological model and the upscaling process. The use of partial models led to the conclusion that the aggregation rate should be optimized before using some geological characteristics (sedimentary bodies dimensions, elementary facies permeability,…) as parameters in the history matching process.
Targeted polypeptide degradation (2023)

This invention pertains to compositions, methods, cells and organisms useful for selectively localizing polypeptides to the proteasome for degradation. Therapeutic methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating disorders associated with the expression and/or activity of a polypeptide by targeting these polypeptides for degradation, as well as methods for targeting therapeutic polypeptides for degradation and/or activating therapeutic polypeptides by degradation are provided. The invention provides methods for identifying compounds that mediate proteasome localization and/or polypeptide degradation. The invention also provides research tools for the study of protein function.
Implantation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cartilage in Bone Defects of Mice (2021)

Although bone has an innate capacity for repair, clinical situations such as comminuted fracture, open fracture, or the surgical resection of bone tumors produce critical-sized bone defects that exceed the capacity and require external intervention. Initiating endochondral ossification (EO) by the implantation of a cartilaginous template into the bone defect is a relatively new approach to cure critical-sized bone defects. The combination of chondrogenically primed mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and artificial scaffolds has been the most extensively studied approach for inducing endochondral bone formation in bone defects. In this study, we prepared cartilage (human-induced pluripotent stem [hiPS]-Cart) from hiPS cells (hiPSCs) in a scaffoldless manner and implanted hiPS-Cart into 3.5 mm large defects created in the femurs of immunodeficient mice to examine the repair capacity. For the control, nothing was implanted into the defects. The implantation of hiPS-Cart significantly induced more new bone in the defect compared with the control. Culture periods for the chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs significantly affected the speed of bone induction, with less time resulting in faster bone formation. Histological analysis revealed that hiPS-Cart induced new bone formation in a manner resembling EO of the secondary ossification center, with the cartilage canal, which extended from the periphery to the center of hiPS-Cart, initially forming in unmineralized cartilage, followed by chondrocyte hypertrophy at the center. In the newly formed bone, the majority of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes expressed human nuclear antigen (HNA), suggesting that these types of cells mainly derived from the perichondrium of hiPS-Cart. Osteoclasts and blood vessel cells did not express HNA and thus were mouse. Finally, integration between the newly formed bone and mouse femur was attained substantially. Although hiPS-Cart induced new bone that filled bone defects, the newly formed bone, which is a hybrid of human and mouse, had not remodeled to mature bone within the observation period of this study (28 weeks). Impact statement Although bone has an innate capacity for repair, critical-sized bone defects that exceed the capacity require external intervention. We prepared cartilage (human-induced pluripotent stem [hiPS]-Cart) from hiPS cells (hiPSCs) in a scaffoldless manner and examined whether implantation of hiPS-Cart heals critical-sized defects created in the femurs of immunodeficient mice. The implantation of hiPS-Cart induced new bone in the defect in a manner resembling endochondral bone formation of the secondary ossification center. Although hiPS-Cart induced new bone that filled bone defects, the newly formed bone, which is a hybrid of human and mouse, had not remodeled to mature bone within the observation period of this study (28 weeks).
Effective conductivity of hard-sphere dispersions (1990)

Three-point bounds on the effective conductivity σe of isotropic two-phase composites, that improve upon the well-known two-point Hashin–Shtrikman bounds [J. Appl. Phys. 23, 779 (1962)], depend upon a key microstructural parameter ζ2. A highly accurate approximation for σe developed by Torquato [J. Appl. Phys. 58, 3790 (1985)] also depends upon ζ2. This paper reports a new and accurate algorithm to compute the three-point parameter ζ2 for dispersions of hard spheres by Monte Carlo simulation. Data are reported up to values of the sphere volume fraction φ2 near random close-packing and are used to assess the accuracy of previous analytical calculations of ζ2. A major finding is that the exact expansion of ζ2 through second order in φ2 provides excellent agreement with the simulation data for the range 0≤φ2 ≤0.5, i.e., this low-volume-fraction expansion is virtually exact, even in the high-density region. For φ2 &amp;gt;0.5, this simple quadratic formula is still more accurate than other more sophisticated calculations of ζ2. The linear term of the quadratic formula is the dominant one. Using our simulation data for ζ2, we compute three-point bounds on the conductivity σe and Torquato’s approximation for σe .