gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of inverse quasi-epitaxy to modify order during post-deposition processing of organic photovoltaics (2023)

Disclosed herein are methods for fabricating an organic photovoltaic device comprising depositing an amorphous organic layer and a crystalline organic layer over a first electrode, wherein the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer contact one another at an interface; annealing the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer for a time sufficient to induce at least partial crystallinity in the amorphous organic layer; and depositing a second electrode over the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer. In the methods and devices herein, the amorphous organic layer may comprise at least one material that undergoes inverse-quasi epitaxial (IQE) alignment to a material of the crystalline organic layer as a result of the annealing.
Evolution of morphologic changes after intravitreous injection of gentamicin (1993)

Gentamicin shows retinal toxicity in rabbits, monkeys, and humans, but its mechanism of toxicity is not understood. Pig eyes, which are anatomically similar to human eyes, were examined with ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, and light and electron microscopy at time points ranging from 3 to 72 hours after intravitreous injection of 3 mg of gentamicin or vehicle to observe the sequence of toxicity-related changes that occur in the retina. The first ophthalmoscopic changes were retinal hemorrhages at 3 hours, followed by retinal whitening and thickening and vascular nonperfusion detected by fluorescein angiography 48 hours after injection. Vacuolization in the nerve fiber layer and perivascular swelling were seen at 6 hours, and subsequently, extended deeper into the retina. Vascular endothelial cells, photoreceptors, and the retinal pigment epithelium appeared to be spared from the toxic effects of gentamicin. At 48 and 72 hours after injection, numerous large and small retinal vessels showed congestion and leukocyte margination. These changes could not be prevented by increasing the pH of gentamicin to 7.2. These data suggest that gentamicin toxicity is not simply a pH-related phenomenon, that the primary targets of gentamicin toxicity are neurons and glia of the inner retina, and that retinal infarction occurs secondarily, possibly due to leukocytic plugging.
A novel high sensitivity differential current transformer for online health monitoring of industrial motor ground-wall insulation (2013)

The offline capacitance and dissipation factor bridge test is an industry accepted standard test to assess the health condition of ground-wall insulation of industrial motors. However, so far, it was not possible to conduct this test online on large motors due to the great difficulty in online measurement of very small motor insulation leakage currents (few mA) in the presence of large motor line currents (hundreds of amps). The line currents would produce enormous noise to mask the tiny magnetic field produced by the insulation leakage currents. A recently invented novel sensor, High Sensitivity Differential Current Transformer (HSCT), is presented in this paper that enabled online measurement of stator insulation leakage current of large industrial motor for the first time in the world. Thus HSCT also enabled to conduct the industry accepted capacitance and dissipation factor test on large industrial motors for the first time in the industry. Such an online test adds a new dimension to state-of-the-art online condition monitoring and greatly benefits the motor users to continuously assess the insulation condition since no motor outage is required.
A quantitative study of the pixel-shifting, blurring and nonlinear distortions in MRI images caused by the presence of metal implants (2000)

Magnetic resonance imaging has found an increasing number of medical applications in recent years due to its technical merits as well as its non-invasive nature. However, its full potential has been severely limited by magnetic susceptibility difference artefacts caused by the presence of ferromagnetic sources such as orthopedic implants, dental work or metallic needles used in neurosurgery. In this study, we propose a method to numerically quantify the distortions resulting from the magnetic susceptibility differences by investigating the phenomena from three perspectives: (1) pixel displacement, (2) blurring and (3) nonlinearity. For this purpose, phantom images obtained from a magnetic resonance scanner were studied. Attempts made to reconstruct an ideal image from its distorted version by appropriately compensating for the three types of distortions yielded encouraging results.
A 4 V Operation, Flexible Braille Display Using Organic Transistors, Carbon Nanotube Actuators, and Organic Static Random‐Access Memory (2011)

Abstract A sheet‐type Braille display operating at 4 V has been successfully fabricated by integrating organic an static random‐access memory (SRAM) array with carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based actuators that are driven by organic thin‐film transistors (control‐TFTs). The on current of organic control‐TFTs that drive CNT actuators exceeds 3 mA, the mobility exceeds 1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , and the on/off ratio exceeds 10 5 at an operational voltage of 3 V. By adjusting the process time for the formation of the aluminum oxide dielectrics, the threshold voltage of the organic TFTs can be systematically controlled. This technique leads to an improved static noise margin of the SRAM and enables its stable operation with a short programming time of 2 ms at a programming voltage of 2 V. As a demonstration of the operation of one actuator with one control‐TFT and SRAM: the displacement of actuator exceeds 300 μm at an operation voltage of 4 V, which is large enough for a blind person to recognize the pop‐up of braille dots. Integrating the SRAM array reduces the frame rate of a 12 dot × 12 dot display from 1/21.6 s to 1/2.9 s.
Ranging a blooming picture by using partial autocorrelation (1999)

A new method of designing control sensors for intelligent transport systems (ITS) is proposed in which blooming is estimated by partial autocorrelation analysis, the distance from the focal point to the object is derived, and the distance to the object is measured. In partial autocorrelation analysis, forward prediction and backward prediction are carried out simultaneously so that the point spread function convoluted with the blooming image is linearly predicted and the amount of blooming is estimated. The two-dimensional analysis requires a significant amount of processing and highly accurate operation. Therefore, in this method, by preprocessing in the frequency dimension, only the horizontal components are extracted for analysis. From the experimental results, it is found that distance estimation from a single image is possible near the focal length (2.5 m–1.7 m). © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 82(1): 23–33, 1999
Catalytic Conversions of Hydrocarbons over Zeolites at170–260°C (2021)

The study investigated the correlation between the physicochemical properties of certain BEA, MFI, and FAU zeolites and their catalytic activity in conversions of n-heptane, hept-1-ene, and hydrocarbon mixtures with different compositions at 170–260°C. X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and integrated thermal analysis were utilized for the study purposes. The study identified regularities of hydrocarbon conversions over zeolites within the selected temperature range. In particular, cracking of C7 hydrocarbons was found to occur through intermediate oligomer formation. It was shown that, under certain conditions, oxygen is recovered from the zeolite lattice to form carbon oxides as reaction products.
ChemInform Abstract: LIGHT‐INDUCED CHARGE SEPARATION BY FUNCTIONAL MICELLAR ASSEMBLIES (1980)

Abstract Durch Verwendung des amphiphilen Derivats (II) anstelle des einfachen Methylviologens als Elektronenakzeptor im Redoxsystem (I)+(II)/(III)+(IV), das für die photochemische Energieumwandlung ( ;z.B. Bildung von O 2 und H 2 aus Wasser) Bedeutung hat, wird die Quantenausbeute aufgrund der durch Assoziation mit Cetyltrimethylammoniumchlorid‐Micellen verzögerten Rückreaktion erhöht.
rel-(1R,4S,5R,8S)-1,4:5,8-Diepoxy-1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-9,10-dimethylphenanthrene (1992)

C 16 H 14 O 2 cristallise dans P2 1 /n avec a = 8,134, b = 8,877 et c = 16,681 A, β = 90,77 °, Z = 4; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,049. Des paires de molecules apparentees par enantiomerie s'empilent dans le cristal de sorte qu'un atome H olefinique dans chaque molecule interagit electrostatiquement avec un atome O dans le pont endoxyde de l'autre.
Enantioselective hydrogenation of α-aminomethylacrylates containing a free NH group for the synthesis of β-amino acid derivatives (2007)

We describe highly enantioselective synthesis of beta-amino acid derivatives (1a-c) using asymmetric hydrogenation of alpha-aminomethylacrylates (2a-c), which contain a free basic N H group, as the key step. The alpha-aminomethylacrylates (2a-c) were prepared using the Baylis-Hillman reaction of an appropriate aldehyde with methyl acrylate followed by acetylation of the resulting allylic alcohols (4a-b) and S(N)2'-type amination of the allylic acetates (3a-b).
Seroprevalence of Antibody to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Associated Coronavirus among Health Care Workers in SARS and Non-SARS Medical Wards (2004)

The seroprevalence of antibody to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in cohorts of health care workers (HCWs) with subclinical infection in SARS and non-SARS medical wards was 2.3% (3 of 131 HCWs) and 0% (0 of 192 HCWs), respectively. Rates for clinical SARS-CoV infection among 742 HCWs on these wards were highest among nurses (11.6%) and health care assistants (11.8%), indicating that these occupations are associated with the highest risks for exposure.
Prevalence of DNA Biomarkers in Fecal Immunochemical Test Positive and Negative Colorectal Cancers: Presidential Poster (2014)

Introduction: While fecal immunochemical test (FIT) screening identifies the majority of patients with asymptomatic colorectal cancer (CRC), the addition of stool DNA biomarkers to FIT has been shown to significantly improve the CRC detection rate. This study’s objective was to determine if DNA biomarker expression by CRCs detected through a FIT-positive result differs from that of CRCs where FIT was falsely negative (FIT-negative). Methods: This study was conducted in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California CRC screening program in patients who were 50-77 years old on the date of diagnosis with CRC between 2009 and 2010 and had received a FIT (OC FIT CHEK, Polymedco) in the 24-month period prior to the diagnosis date. We selected a total of 251 FIT-positive patients and matched them 1:1 to FIT-negative patients on age (in 5-year intervals), sex, and tumor stage. Colorectal neoplasia-associated DNA biomarkers were assessed on DNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded CRC tissue, blinded to FIT positivity status, using quantitative allele specific real-time target and signal amplification (QuARTS) assays for KRAS mutations and aberrant methylation (NDRG4 and BMP3). Patients whose tissue blocks could not be analyzed were excluded from the analysis. DNA biomarker expression in FIT-positive CRCs was compared to those of FIT-negative CRCs using the Chi-square test. Results: Four hundred ninety CRC patients had tissue available (239 FIT-positive, 251 FIT-negative); the average age was 65.0 years (range: 55-77 years), 51.3% were female, and 67.4% were of white race. About 58.1% of tumors were diagnosed at localized stage and 73.2% were moderately differentiated. These characteristics were similar between the FIT-positive and FIT-negative CRCs. However, the 2 groups differed in CRC location: the majority of FIT-positive CRCs (59.8%) was in the distal colon while most FITnegative CRCs (51.4%) were in the proximal colon (p<0.01). Overall, 87.7% of CRCs expressed at least 1 DNA biomarker; the majority (83.9%) expressed aberrant NDRG4 or BMP3 methylation, and 38.1% had a KRAS mutation. When the methylation markers were considered separately, 78.4% of CRCs were positive for NDRG4 and 58.4% for BMP3. Slightly more FIT-negative than FIT-positive CRCs expressed DNA biomarkers, but the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.29-0.74). Conclusion: Colorectal neoplasia associated DNA biomarkers were present in the majority of CRCs, both in those detected and undetected by FIT screening. Our findings provide a potential biological basis for increased CRC detection observed when DNA biomarkers are combined with FIT. Disclosure - Rebecca Oldham-Haltom, Hatim Allawi, Graham P. Lidgard, and Barry M. Berger are employees of Exact Sciences.
A Holonic Federated Sensor Management Framework for pervasive surveillance systems (2011)

The increased popularity of the proactive security paradigm aggravated the need for pervasive surveillance systems. These systems are built using smart sensor networks which cover large areas of civilian concentration. Such networks need intelligent management systems to control the large number of sensor nodes and the large amount of data. Sensor Management Frameworks (SMF) aim to coordinate the sensor nodes in a manner that improves the process of system control and situation awareness. Large number of non-functional merits, i.e., autonomy, scalability, inter-operability, and others, can characterize SMFs. This paper proposes a taxonomy for these non-functional merits based on the design concepts. Furthermore, this paper discusses the important functional properties of such systems, and categorizes these functional properties according to their processing level. In addition, a scalable and adaptable control architecture that is applicable in a variety of sensor management applications with a focus on tactical surveillance is introduced. The proposed Holonic-Federated Sensor Management Framework (HF-SMF) mixes the advantages of the holonic and federated paradigms. Experimental results illustrate the performance of the proposed architecture and show that the proposed paradigm is highly scalable compared to the centralized one.
Aerogel Microparticles from Oil-in-Oil Emulsion Systems (2016)

This paper reports preparation of polymer aerogel microparticles via sol-gel reactions inside micrometer size droplets created in an oil-in-oil emulsion system. The oil-in-oil emulsion system is obtained by dispersing in cyclohexane the droplets of the sols of polybenzoxazine (PBZ) or polyimide (PI) prepared in dimethylformamide. The sol droplets transform into harder gel microparticles due to sol-gel reactions. Finally, the aerogel microparticles are recovered using supercritical drying of the gel microparticles. The PBZ and PI aerogel microparticles prepared in this manner show mean diameter 32.7 and 40.0 μm, respectively, mesoporous internal structures, and surface area 55.4 and 512.0 m(2)/g, respectively. Carbonization of PBZ aerogel microparticles maintains the mesoporous internal structures but yields narrower pore size distribution.
IUPAC-Richter Prize Call for Nominations (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTIUPAC-Richter Prize Call for NominationsJános FischerJános FischerMore by János Fischer, Amjad AliAmjad AliMore by Amjad Alihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-0978, and Robert J. DeVita*Robert J. DeVita*Email: [email protected]More by Robert J. DeVitahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-8497Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2021, 64, 19, 13937Publication Date (Web):October 4, 2021Publication History Published online4 October 2021Published inissue 14 October 2021https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01651https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01651editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © Published 2021 by American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views892Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (429 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Materials,Medicinal chemistry,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
25-Gb/s multi-channel 1.3-&#x00B5;m surface-emitting laser for massive data links (2010)

Four-channel 25-Gb/s direct modulation of a 1.3-μm surface-emitting laser array with a surface mountable device structure was demonstrated. The fabricated laser array, which consists of InGaAlAs-MQW DFB stripes, exhibited a total output of 100 Gb/s with collimated optical outputs.
Progress in the Development of Caloric Restriction Mimetic Dietary Supplements (2001)

Caloric restriction (CR) - or reduced calorie intake with nutritional maintenance - can extend lifespan and increase resistance to age-related disease by mechanisms which likely involve reduced oxyradical production and cellular hormesis responses in which genes encoding cytoprotective proteins are upregulated. Recent studies suggest that several of the anti-aging effects of CR can be mimicked by giving animals compounds that reduce energy availability at the cellular level. Such CR mimetic compounds (e.g., 2-deoxy-D-glucose, phenformin and iodoacetate) have proven beneficial in experimental models of neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. CR mimetics appear to act via a hormesis-based mechanism in which cells upregulate heat-shock and other chaperone proteins, and growth factors. Although long-term effects of dietary supplementation with such CR mimetics remain to be determined, the initial findings reviewed here suggest a novel approach for the investigation of basic mechanisms of aging, for the possible extension of lifespan without CR, and for dealing with the rising tide of obesity in industrialized countries.
Acoustic radiation force induced resonance elastography of coagulating blood: theoretical viscoelasticity modeling andex vivoexperimentation (2018)

Deep vein thrombosis is a common vascular disease that can lead to pulmonary embolism and death. The early diagnosis and clot age staging are important parameters for reliable therapy planning. This article presents an acoustic radiation force induced resonance elastography method for the viscoelastic characterization of clotting blood. The physical concept of this method relies on the mechanical resonance of the blood clot occurring at specific frequencies. Resonances are induced by focusing ultrasound beams inside the sample under investigation. Coupled to an analytical model of wave scattering, the ability of the proposed method to characterize the viscoelasticity of a mimicked venous thrombosis in the acute phase is demonstrated. Experiments with a gelatin-agar inclusion sample of known viscoelasticity are performed for validation and establishment of the proof of concept. In addition, an inversion method is applied in-vitro for the kinetic monitoring of the blood coagulation process of six human blood samples obtained from two volunteers. The computed elasticity and viscosity values of blood samples at the end of the 90 min kinetics were estimated at 411 ± 71 Pa and 0.25 ± 0.03 Pa.s for volunteer #1, and 387 ± 35 Pa and 0.23 ± 0.02 Pa.s for volunteer #2, respectively. The proposed method allowed reproducible time-varying thrombus viscoelastic measurements from samples having physiological dimensions.
An evaluation of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness by scanning laser polarimetry in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer type (2001)

Our data indicate that the RNFL is not altered in DAT, at least in the earlier stages of the disease.
Genetic Susceptibility to Mood Disorders and Risk of Stroke: A Polygenic Risk Score and Mendelian Randomization Study (2023)

Our results suggest a causal role of mood disorders in the risk of stroke. High-risk women could be identified early in life using polygenic risk scores to ultimately prevent mood disorders and strokes.
Duplication and relocation of the functional DPY19L2 gene within low copy repeats (2006)

Our results show that the DPY19L family has expanded throughout the vertebrate lineage and has undergone recent primate-specific evolution within LCRs.
The emerging role for red blood cells in haemostasis: opportunity for intervention (2016)

Red blood cells (RBCs) participate in haemostasis and thrombosis through their biochemical properties, biomechanical and rheological properties, intercellular interactions, assembly of coagulation factors, release of procoagulant signaling compounds, and composition of the fibrin clot. Targeting anti‐thrombotic and anti‐inflammatory drugs to RBCs provides a new approach to mitigate thrombosis and other intravascular pathologies.
Leveraging Influenza Virus Surveillance From 2012 to 2015 to Characterize the Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Canadian Adults ≥50 Years of Age Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Illness (2023)

This study adds to the growing literature on adult RSV burden by showing considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in hospitalized adults aged ≥50 years with ARIs such as influenza.
Super-resolution estimation of edge images (2002)

A hidden Markov model, which describes the evolution of a (binary) edge-image along the resolution axis, is presented. The model integrates two layers: A hidden layer consists of sources having the ability of "breeding" along the resolution axis according to a Markovian rule. A second layer consists of a Gibbs random field which is defined by all the sources. The available image is a realization of this field. After fitting such a model to a given pyramid, it is possible to estimate the super-resolution images by synthesizing additional levels of the process which created the pyramid. The hidden Markov model is found to be a useful tool, allowing us to incorporate selected properties in the process of evolution along the resolution axis, while simultaneously providing an interpretation of this process. The properties incorporated into the model significantly influence the super-resolution image.