gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptide Nucleic Acids Conjugated to Short Basic Peptides Show Improved Pharmacokinetics and Antisense Activity in Adipose Tissue (2010)

A peptide nucleic acid (PNA) targeting a splice junction of the murine PTEN primary transcript was covalently conjugated to various basic peptides. When systemically administered to healthy mice, the conjugates displayed sequence-specific alteration of PTEN mRNA splicing as well as inhibition of full length PTEN protein expression. Correlating activity with drug concentration in various tissues indicated strong tissue-dependence, with highest levels of activity observed in adipose tissue. While the presence of a peptide carrier was found to be crucial for efficient delivery to tissue, little difference was observed between the various peptides evaluated. A second PNA-conjugate targeting the murine insulin receptor primary transcript showed a similar activity profile, suggesting that short basic peptides can generally be used to effectively deliver peptide nucleic acids to adipose tissue.
Correlating Electron Transport and Molecular Structure in Organic Thin Films (2002)

The Communication by G. M. Whitesides and co-workers in Issue 12, 2001, pp. 2316–2320 should have referenced a paper that was published at approximately the same time and contained some of the same experimental data: R. E. Holmlin, R. Haag, M. L. Chabinyc, R. F. Ismagilov, A. E. Cohen, A. Terfort, M. A. Rampi, G. M. Whitesides, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 5075–5085 (“Electron Transport through Thin Organic Films in Metal-Insulator-Metal Junctions Based on Self-Assembled Monolayers”). This full paper gives the details of the largest part of the experimental work communicated in Angewandte Chemie. Omission of this reference gave the impression of “duplicate publication”, for which the authors apologize to both journals. The acknowledgement should also have listed the affiliation of Dr. Andreas Terfort as the Institute for Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Dynamic characterization of optical microwave transducers (2002)

Optical-microwave transducers based on FET devices are investigated to determine their dynamic characteristics. It is observed that the result of the well known frequency response method differs from that of a combined test method applying simultaneously a microwave signal and a modulated lightwave for driving the transducer. Based on these investigations a more precise circuit model is established for illuminated FET devices. The new circuit model describes the operation of optical-microwave transducers like mixers, phase detectors, amplifiers, injection locked oscillators, and modulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Uncoupling of the profibrotic and hemostatic effects of thrombin in lung fibrosis (2017)

Fibrotic lung disease, most notably idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is thought to result from aberrant wound-healing responses to repetitive lung injury. Increased vascular permeability is a cardinal response to tissue injury, but whether it is mechanistically linked to lung fibrosis is unknown. We previously described a model in which exaggeration of vascular leak after lung injury shifts the outcome of wound-healing responses from normal repair to pathological fibrosis. Here we report that the fibrosis produced in this model is highly dependent on thrombin activity and its downstream signaling pathways. Direct thrombin inhibition with dabigatran significantly inhibited protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) activation, integrin αvβ6 induction, TGF-β activation, and the development of pulmonary fibrosis in this vascular leak-dependent model. We used a potentially novel imaging method - ultashort echo time (UTE) lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the gadolinium-based, fibrin-specific probe EP-2104R - to directly visualize fibrin accumulation in injured mouse lungs, and to correlate the antifibrotic effects of dabigatran with attenuation of fibrin deposition. We found that inhibition of the profibrotic effects of thrombin can be uncoupled from inhibition of hemostasis, as therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin failed to downregulate the PAR1/αvβ6/TGF-β axis or significantly protect against fibrosis. These findings have direct and important clinical implications, given recent findings that warfarin treatment is not beneficial in IPF, and the clinical availability of direct thrombin inhibitors that our data suggest could benefit these patients.
A theory of high-frequency distortion in bipolar transistors (2003)

High-frequency distortion in bipolar transistors is examined by using the charge-control approach of Poon and Narayanan (H.C. Poon, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev., vol. ED-19, pp. 719-731, 1972; S. Narayanan and H.C. Poon, IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory, vol. CT-20, pp. 341-351, 1973; H.C. Poon, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev., vol. ED-21, pp. 110-112, 1974) to connect the device's distortion behavior to its "loaded" unity-current-gain frequency (/spl omega//spl circ//sub T/). The resulting expressions for the distortion reveal considerable information on its frequency and bias dependence. Points on the /spl omega//spl circ//sub T/ versus collector current curve yielding optimum distortion performance are identified and interpreted in terms of current cancellation. Both second- and third-order distortion are considered, and the results are validated by both simulation and experiment.
Further SAR on the (Phenylsulfonyl)piperazine Scaffold as Inhibitors of the Aedes Aegypti Kir1 (AeKir) Channel and Larvicides (2020)

We have discovered new chemical compounds that are characterized as Kir channel inhibitors of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This is important as the Ae. aegypti mosquito is the primary vector for Zika virus (ZIKV), Dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Traditional mosquitocides are plagued with significant resistance and developing new compounds with novel mechanisms of action are vitally important. Lastly, we show that our compounds are potent larvicides against pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant strains.
SemEval-2010 task 8 (2009)

We present a brief overview of the main challenges in the extraction of semantic relations from English text, and discuss the shortcomings of previous data sets and shared tasks. This leads us to introduce a new task, which will be part of SemEval-2010: multi-way classification of mutually exclusive semantic relations between pairs of common nominals. The task is designed to compare different approaches to the problem and to provide a standard testbed for future research, which can benefit many applications in Natural Language Processing.
Lorentz force induced shear waves for magnetic resonance elastography applications (2021)

Quantitative mechanical properties of biological tissues can be mapped using the shear wave elastography technique. This technology has demonstrated a great potential in various organs but shows a limit due to wave attenuation in biological tissues. An option to overcome the inherent loss in shear wave magnitude along the propagation pathway may be to stimulate tissues closer to regions of interest using alternative motion generation techniques. The present study investigated the feasibility of generating shear waves by applying a Lorentz force directly to tissue mimicking samples for magnetic resonance elastography applications. This was done by combining an electrical current with the strong magnetic field of a clinical MRI scanner. The Local Frequency Estimation method was used to assess the real value of the shear modulus of tested phantoms from Lorentz force induced motion. Finite elements modeling of reported experiments showed a consistent behavior but featured wavelengths larger than measured ones. Results suggest the feasibility of a magnetic resonance elastography technique based on the Lorentz force to produce an shear wave source.
Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of the Randomized Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Intercontinental-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 2009 Trial (2023)

The MRDs were successfully assessed using FCM. An MTX dose of 2 g/m<sup>2</sup> was effective in preventing relapse in non-HR pcB-ALL. Augmented IB showed no advantages over the standard IB.[Media: see text].
High sensitivity fluorescent single particle and single molecule detection apparatus and method (2023)

Apparatus is described for ultrasensitive detection of single fluorescent particles down to the single fluorescent molecule limit in a fluid or on a substrate comprising means for illuminating a predetermined volume of the fluid or area of the substrate whereby to emit light including background light from the fluid and burst of photons from particles residing in the area. The photon burst is detected in real time to generate output representative signal. The signal is received and the burst of energy from the fluorescent particles is distinguished from the background energy to provide an indication of the number, location or concentration of the particles or molecules.
Cooperative Dimerization of a Heterocyclic Diamidine Determines Sequence-Specific DNA Recognition (2003)

In the course of a program aimed at discovering novel DNA-targeted antiparasitic drugs, the phenylfuran-benzimidazole unfused aromatic dication DB293 was identified as the first diamidine capable of forming stacked dimers in the DNA minor groove of GC-containing sequences. Its preferred binding sequence encompasses the tetranucleotide 5'-ATGA.5'-TCAT to which DB293 binds tightly with a strong positive cooperativity. Here we have investigated the influence of the DNA sequence on drug binding using two complementary technical approaches: surface plasmon resonance and DNase I footprinting. The central dinucleotide of the primary ATGA motif was systematically varied to represent all of the eight possible combinations (AXGA and ATYA, where X or Y = A, T, G, or C). Binding affinities for each site were precisely measured by SPR, and the extent of cooperative drug binding was also determined. The sequence recognition process was found to be extremely dependent on the nature of the central dinucleotide pair. Modification of the central TG step decreases binding affinity by a factor varying from 2 to over 500 depending on the base substitution. However, the diminished binding affinity does not affect the unique binding mode. In nearly all cases, the SPR titrations revealed a positive cooperativity in complex formation which reflects the ease of the dication to form stacked dimeric motifs in the DNA minor groove. DNase I footprinting served to identify additional binding sites for DB293 in the context of long DNA sequences offering a large variety of randomly distributed or specifically designed sites. The ATGA motif provided the best receptor for the drug, but lower affinity sequences were also identified. The design of two DNA fragments composed of various targeted tetranucleotide binding sites separated by an "insulator" (nonbinding) sequence allowed us to delineate further the influence of DNA sequence on drug binding and to identify a novel high-affinity site: 5'-ACAA.5'-TTGT. Collectively, the SPR and footprinting results show that the consensus sequence 5'-(A/T)-TG-(A/T) represents the optimal site for cooperative dimerization of the heterocyclic diamidine DB293.
Demonstration of a High Heat Removal CVD Diamond Substrate Edge-Cooled Multichip Module (1994)

A single substrate intended for a 3-dimensional (3D) edge-cooled multichip module (MCM) has been built and thermally tested. The substrate, with dimensions 1.9 in. by 2 in., is mounted in a fluid cooled block at one end. To test this cooling architecture and verify the accuracy of thermal models, the authors constructed thermal test modules using alumina (Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}), aluminum nitride (AlN), and CVD diamond substrate materials. Each module was populated with an array of 16 Sandia ATC03 test chips with resistive heaters and temperature sensing diode thermometers. Comparative measurements of the 3 substrates were made in which the top row of 4 die were heated at 5 W each for a total of 20 W. The maximum temperature differences between the heated die and the interface with the cold chuck, {delta}T{sub js}, were 24, 126, and 265{degrees}C for diamond, AIN and alumina, respectively. Measurements on the diamond thermal test module, uniformly heated at a total power of 40 W, gave a measured junction-to-sink temperature of {delta}T{sub js} = 18{degrees}C. This result indicates that the diamond edge-cooled substrate could dissipate a total power {approximately}200 W for a maximum {delta}T{sub js} {approximately}100{degrees}C. If multiple substrates were mounted in the fluid cooled block, spaced 0.075 in. apart, the volumetric power density would be about 880 W/in.
Cosolvent Effects When Blade-Coating a Low-Solubility Conjugated Polymer for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics (2020)

The adoption of solution-processed active layers in the production of thin-film photovoltaics is hampered by the transition from research fabrication techniques to scalable processing. We report a detailed study of the role of processing in determining the morphology and performance of organic photovoltaic devices using a commercially available, low-solubility, high-molar mass diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymer donor. Ambient blade coating of thick layers in an inverted architecture was performed to best model scalable processing. Device performance was strongly dependent on the introduction of either <i>o</i>-dichlorobenzene (DCB), 1,8-diiodooctane, or diphenyl ether cosolvent into the chloroform (CHCl<sub>3</sub>) solution, which were all shown to drastically improve the morphology. To understand the origin of these morphological changes as a result of the addition of the cosolvent, in situ studies with grazing-incidence X-ray scattering and optical reflection interferometry were performed. Use of any of the cosolvents decreases the domain size relative to the single solvent system and moved the drying mechanism away from what is likely liquid-liquid phase separation to solid-liquid phase separation driven by polymer aggregation. Comparing the CHCl<sub>3</sub> + DCB cast films to the CHCl<sub>3</sub>-only cast films, we observed both the formation of small domains and an increase in crystallinity during the evaporation of DCB due to a high nucleation rate from supersaturation. This resulted in percolated bulk heterojunction networks that performed similarly well with a wide range of film thicknesses from 180 to 440 nm, making this system amenable to continuous roll-to-roll processing methods.
Metabolic Activation of CsgD in the Regulation of Salmonella Biofilms (2020)

Among human food-borne pathogens, gastroenteritis-causing <i>Salmonella</i> strains have the most real-world impact. Like all pathogens, their success relies on efficient transmission. Biofilm formation, a specialized physiology characterized by multicellular aggregation and persistence, is proposed to play an important role in the <i>Salmonella</i> transmission cycle. In this manuscript, we used luciferase reporters to examine the expression of <i>csgD</i>, which encodes the master biofilm regulator. We observed that the CsgD-regulated biofilm system responds differently to regulatory inputs once it is activated. Notably, the CsgD system became unresponsive to repression by Cpx and H-NS in high osmolarity conditions and less responsive to the addition of amino acids. Temperature-mediated regulation of <i>csgD</i> on agar was altered by intracellular levels of RpoS and cyclic-di-GMP. In contrast, the addition of glucose repressed CsgD biofilms seemingly independent of other signals. Understanding the fine-tuned regulation of <i>csgD</i> can help us to piece together how regulation occurs in natural environments, knowing that all <i>Salmonella</i> strains face strong selection pressures both within and outside their hosts. Ultimately, we can use this information to better control <i>Salmonella</i> and develop strategies to break the transmission cycle.
Stereoisomer libraries: Total synthesis of all 16 stereoisomers of the pine sawfly sex pheromone by a fluorous mixture-synthesis approach (2004)

All 16 stereoisomers of the sex pheromone of pine sawfly (3,7,11-trimethylundecanol propanoate ester) have been synthesized on a 10- to 20-mg scale by a split-parallel fluorous mixture-synthesis approach. Spectral data obtained for all 32 compounds (16 alcohols and the corresponding propionates) matched well with published data, thereby validating the fluorous-tag encoding of diastereoisomers. This fluorous-tag encoding method is recommended for the efficient synthesis of multiple stereoisomers for spectroscopic studies, biological tests, or other structure-function relationships.
A Metal Object Detection System with Multilayer Detection Coil Layouts for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging (2020)

Non-radiative inductive power transfer is one of the most studied and commercially applied wireless charging technologies, where the magnetic field is employed as the medium for power transfer. In the wireless charging of electric vehicles, the strong magnetic field will heat up any metal items falling in the charging area due to eddy current induced in the metal objects, causing hazards like fire. Metal object detection (MOD) is necessary for the market penetration of inductive power transfer technology. This paper aims to improve the performance of systems that detect metal objects based on inductance variations. Two novel multi-layer detection coil layouts are proposed, which can not only cover the entire charging area without blind spots but can also be decoupled from the transmitter and receiver to minimize the influence of the magnetic field that is used for power transfer. Two mixed resonant circuits are proposed and proven to have better performance than parallel and series resonance. The impacts of the detection coil layer, trace width, and turn-number are investigated. The test results indicate that the MOD system can detect one-cent coins at various positions of the detection coil printed circuit board, and can also detect various inductance variations without blind spots in the processing circuit.
ChemInform Abstract: SINGLE‐CRYSTAL POLARIZED ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION SPECTRUM AND LIGAND‐FIELD INTERPRETATION OF THE BONDING OF ZEISE′S SALT (1984)

Abstract In dem bei I0 K untersuchten Salz ist Ethylen ein starker cs‐Donator und ein schwacher n‐Akzeptor gegenüber Pt( I l).
Transverse mechanical behaviour and moisture absorption of waterlogged archaeological wood from the Vasa ship (2007)

Abstract Damage on the hull of the 17th century Swedish warship Vasa has been observed recently. Damage in the form of indentations in the wood is caused by high compressive loads from the support structure. In the process of developing an improved support structure, radial mechanical properties and the deformation mechanisms of Vasa oak are particularly important. Causes of differences in PEG content and oak degradation are also of interest. The radial modulus and compressive strength of Vasa oak are 50% lower than for recent oak. Furthermore, a significant change in failure mechanism is observed. More brittle separation fracture of the rays of Vasa oak is observed compared to the continuous folds of rays in recent oak. Tangential stiffness and strength are also 30% and 50% lower, respectively. Comparably small differences in moisture absorption between PEG-extracted Vasa oak and recent oak indicate a low extent of degradation of the Vasa oak.
A Comparison of High Temperature Performance of SiC DMOSFETs and JFETs (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Abstract 15949: High Intensity Interval Training is Superior to Continuous Training and Reverses RV Remodeling and Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Hypertension (2015)

Exercise appears to have overall benefit in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, studies to date indicate little effect on the elevated pulmonary pressure or RV hypertrophy (RVH) and dysfunction associated with the disease. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is reported to be superior to the more customary prolonged continuous exercise training (CExT) protocol for chronic heart failure but has not been tested for PAH. Therefore, we investigated impact of a 6 wk HIIT vs. CExT treadmill program in a monocrotaline rat model of mild PAH (MCT, 40 mg/kg) on indicators of disease progression. Methods: Treadmill training was performed 5x/wk in male Sprague-Dawley MCT rats (250-300g), following a protocol of either HIIT (5 cycles of 2 min at ~90% VO 2 reserve [VO 2 R] + 3 min at 30% VO 2 R; n=8), or low intensity CExT (60 min at 50% VO 2 R; n=7). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. Results: MCT-induced decrements in VO 2 max were ameliorated by both HIIT and CExT (p &lt; 0.01 vs. sedentary MCT rats, MCT-SED, n=6), and were similar to healthy controls (CON, n=6). Most importantly, RV systolic pressure (RVSP, in mmHg; via Millar catheter) and RVH (ratio of RV to LV+S mass) were lowered (p&lt;0.05) only by HIIT (28.7±2, and 0.32±0.02) and not by CExT (44.1±3, and 0.43±0.01) vs. MCT-SED (40.2±3.2, and 0.41±0.02). Cardiac output (Δ from baseline in μl, via RV echocardiography) was also improved by HIIT (117±28) vs. MCT-SED (6±42, p=0.04). Additional hemodynamic recordings during running, via novel implantable telemetry (DSI), were obtained serially at pre- and 2, 4, 6, and 8 wks post-MCT, and revealed ‘surges’ in RVSP during HIIT, vs. a steady RVSP pattern during CExT. Pulmonary eNOS (per immunoblotting) was increased (p&lt;0.05) with HIIT, consistent with greater endothelial stimulation. Conclusions: HIIT is superior to CExT for improving hemodynamics and RV remodeling and dysfunction in MCT rats and warrants further investigation in other models and in patients. More favorable outcomes may be explained by greater sheer-stress mediated vascular endothelial adaptation to HIIT stimulus, or lower cumulative training-induced RV wall stress with the briefer HIIT session duration.
Fuzzy vault and template-level fusion applied to a binary fingerprint representation (2014)

The fuzzy vault is an error-tolerant authentication scheme that stores data in a privacy-preserving way. It allows to hide and retrieve a secret by presenting a set of elements that can slightly differ. This paper aims at applying the scheme to a transformation-invariant binary fingerprint representation. We also show how to perform multi-finger fusion with no extra space requirement and perform fuzzy vault in this case. Our results are quite encouraging with respect to the inherent constraint of decreasing False Accept attacks on template protection schemes in order to ensure higher privacy.