gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurements and Analysis of Radio Propagation at 28 GHz in Vegetated Areas of Typical Residential Environments (2020)

This communication presents foliage channel measurements at 28 GHz using a directional channel sounder. The measurements were conducted in vegetated areas of typical residential environments in Daejeon, South Korea. We first propose a pattern matching algorithm that allows us to overcome the angle resolution of a directional antenna and to estimate a more accurate receiving angle. Then propagation paths received from the vegetation and the surrounding buildings are classified and their power ratios are analyzed. Furthermore, foliage attenuation was determined from the measurement data according to the foliage depth, and appropriate models based on the modified exponential decay (MED) model and the maximum attenuation (MA) model are presented. In addition, the effect of foliage attenuation on seasonal variation is studied. These results will be useful for predicting path losses through the vegetated areas at 28 GHz by modeling the foliage loss as an additional path loss term. Finally, spatial-temporal channel characteristics in a vegetated environment were statistically analyzed including delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and angular spreads.
A Well-Resolved Ice-like (H2O)8 Cluster in an Organic Supramolecular Complex (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Well-Resolved Ice-like (H2O)8 Cluster in an Organic Supramolecular ComplexJerry L. Atwood, Leonard J. Barbour, Timothy J. Ness, Colin L. Raston, and Paul L. RastonView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, Missouri 65211 Department of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 29, 7192–7193Publication Date (Web):June 26, 2001Publication History Received5 March 2001Revised11 May 2001Published online26 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja015757khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja015757krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1296Altmetric-Citations322LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cluster chemistry,Ketones,Lattices,Noncovalent interactions,Supramolecular chemistry Get e-Alerts
The relativistic Dirac–Coulomb–Fock effect on atomization energies (1999)

We have used a second-order perturbation treatment of the Dirac–Coulomb–Hartree–Fock method to estimate relativistic contributions to energies in the G2/97 test set. The one-electron relativistic effect on atomization energies of molecules containing first- and second-row atoms nearly always reduces binding. When the relativistic corrections are included in G3 theory and assessed on the G2/97 test set, there is little change in overall performance.
Thin-Film Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Containing Strained InGaAs Quantum Wells Fabricated by Substrate Removal (2001)

We have demonstrated 980-nm thin-film vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), which have strained InGaAs quantum wells in the active region, for the hybrid integration of optoelectronic devices. The thin-film VCSELs were fabricated using a functional layer transfer technique, which consisted of pre-fabrication of the laser structure, Au–Sn metal-bonding onto an AlN substrate and subsequent removal of the growth substrate. Threshold currents of 3.3 mA, output powers of over 3 mW and a threshold voltage of 2.1 V were obtained, indicating there was no serious degradation of laser characteristics due to the transfer process.
Treatment of Uveal Melanoma by Nonthermal Irreversible Electroporation: Electrical and Bioheat Finite Element Model of the Human Eye (2012)

Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is an new minimally invasive tissue ablation modality that uses high electric field pulses to produce irreversible permeation of the cell membrane (irreversible electroporation) while avoiding thermal damage and is applied to treat malignant tumors. This paper describes efforts to develop NTIRE as a new minimally invasive treatment modality for uveal melanoma, the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, and other ocular malignancies. The paper deals with a 3D mathematical simulation model of the eye that employs the simultaneous solution to the electric field equation and to the Pennes bioheat equation to predict the electric field in the eye as well as the rise in eye temperature in response to the application of a high power electric pulse. Treatment efficacy was defined as the fraction of tumor volume in which the electric field exceeded a predefined target field and treatment safety was calculated by the ratio of the electric field in the tumor to the electric field in the vitreous humor or in the macula. Results show that treatment efficacy and safety are criteria that can be used to optimize the NTIRE treatment protocol.
SLOWLY-RESOLVING PNEUMONIA (2014)

Slowly-resolving pneumonia is an important medical problem in spite of current knowledge on etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. In Russia, uniform approach to this disease is lacking. Risk factors for the slowly-resolving pneumonia are comorbidity, age, severity of the disease and certain pathogens. A wide range of infections and non-infection diseases resemble slowly-resolving pneumonia, such as autoimmune systemic diseases, interstitial lung diseases, drug-induced lung toxicity, thoracic tumours, tuberculosis, etc. A diagnostic algorithm has been described in the article aimed at identification of the pathogen causing the pulmonary inflammation and at exclusion of diseases mimicking slowly-resolving pneumonia.
Photoelectric Properties of Oriented Bacteriorhodopsin/Polycation Multilayers by Electrostatic Layer-by-Layer Assembly (1998)

Organized, heterogeneous polyelectrolyte assemblies using poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDAC) as the polycation and bacteriorhodopsin (bR) (purple membrane fragments, wild-type (WT-PM) and D96N mutant) as the polyanion have been successfully constructed using alternating electrostatic adsorption. The differential photocurrent of the PDAC/bR multilayer assemblies showed a light-on maximum photocurrent of 52 nA/cm2 for PDAC/WT-PM (eight bilayers) and 80 nA/cm2 for PDAC/D96N (six bilayers). These results indicate that the biological integrity and activity of bacteriorhodopsin are maintained after electrostatic deposition and that the photoelectric sensitivity of the D96N mutant is higher than that of the WT-PM. It was determined that the photocurrent in these assemblies increases with the adsorption of only the first few layers of bR and then declines with the increase in the number of bilayers. It was also found that the magnitude and polarity of the photocurrent are greatly dependent on the pH, which suggests that the current is strongly correlated with the local change of proton concentration at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Addition of sodium azide to the electrolyte was found to instantly increase the magnitude of the photocurrent of the WT-PM and then the photocurrent attached saturation when [NaN3] > 100 mM, while an initial increase and then a decrease of the photocurrent was observed with the D96N mutant. These results show that the differential photocurrent of bR results originally from the action of formation and decay of the M intermediate, which then leads to the local change of proton concentration at the electrode/electrolyte interface. That is, the formation of M intermediate (which results in an increase of proton concentration at the electrode/electrolyte interface due to proton release of bR) produces the light-on photocurrent, while the decay of M intermediate (which results in a decrease of proton concentration at the interface due to proton uptake of bR) contributes to the light-off photocurrent.
Molecular Weight Distributions in Nitroxide-Mediated Living Free Radical Polymerization:  Kinetics of the Slow Equilibria between Growing and Dormant Chains (1996)

A kinetic approach, recently developed to calculate the effect of exchange between a dormant and an active species in group transfer polymerization (GTP), has been applied to living free radical polymerization moderated by nitroxide stable free radicals. A general solution for the molecular weight distribution as a function of conversion has been derived. The solution depends only on the rate constants for propagation, the trapping of the growing chains by nitroxide radical, and the release of the growing chain. The general form of the solution is the same in GTP and the stable free radical-mediated polymerization (SFRP), except for the definition of the constants. Using the measured and known experimental rate constants for SFRP and fitting to the only unknown rate constant, that for reversible chain termination by the nitroxide radical, allow a quantitative prediction of the molecular weight distribution with conversion for bulk free radical living polymerization of polystyrene. In this way a good fit to the experimental polydispersity is obtained over a wide range of polymerization conditions. The calculated rate for the reversible termination is reasonable compared to known nitroxide-trapping reactions but is over 3 orders of magnitude slower than for a diffusion-controlled reaction, on the same order as the rate constant for polystyrene radical−radical termination. Nevertheless, because of the excess nitroxide present, trapping is fast enough to ensure a high rate of exchange of growing and dormant chains, resulting in narrow polydispersities at high conversion. The very good fit to this model indicates that neither initiation nor termination are important to the conversion dependence of the molecular weight distribution, as neither were taken into account in the kinetic model. This is further support for the current understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of the SFRP process. The polydispersity in the bulk living free radical polymerization mediated by nitroxide is controlled by the exchange rate between the growing and dormant chains. At high conversion where the rate of polymerization is high, there can be some irreversible chain termination and some autopolymerization.
Diastereoselective Diboration of Cyclic Alkenes: Application to the Synthesis of Aristeromycin (2021)

The Pt-catalyzed diboration of cyclic alkenes is extended to unsaturated heterocycles and bicyclic compounds and can be accomplished in a diastereoselective fashion. The optimal procedures, substrate scope, and diastereoselectivity were investigated, and examples employing both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis were examined. Lastly, application to the construction of the nucleoside analog (±)-aristeromycin was conducted.
High Resolution Light Field Photography from Split Ray Imaging and Coded Aperture (2014)

In this paper, we propose a method for obtaining high resolution 4D light fields by using low resolution camera sensors and controllable coded apertures. Recently, 4D light filed acquisition has been studied extensively in the field of computational photography. Since the 4D light filed consists of much lager information than the ordinary 2D image, we have to use super high resolution camera sensors in order to obtain high resolution 4D light fields. In this paper, we propose a method for obtaining high resolution 4D light fields from low resolution camera sensors. In this method, we combine the standard light field imaging technique with the coded aperture. By using these techniques, we can obtain high resolution 4D light fields from low resolution cameras with small number of image acquisitions. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested by real images.
Seamlessly integrating disk and tape in a multi-tiered distributed file system (2015)

The explosion of data volumes in enterprise environments and limited budgets have triggered the need for multi-tiered storage systems. With the bulk of the data being extremely infrequently accessed, tape is a natural fit for storing such data. In this paper we present our approach to a file storage system that seamlessly integrates disk and tape, enabling a bottomless and cost-effective storage architecture that can scale to accommodate Big Data requirements. The proposed system offers access to data through a POSIX filesystem interface under a single global namespace, optimizing the placement of data across disk and tape tiers. Using a self-contained, standardized and open filesystem format on the removable tape media, the proposed system avoids dependence on proprietary software and external metadata servers to access the data stored on tape. By internally managing the tape tier resources, such as tape drives and cartridges, the system relieves the user from the burden of dealing with the complexities of tape storage. Our implementation, which is based on the GPFS and LTFS filesystems, demonstrates the applicability of the proposed architecture in real-world environments. Our experimental evaluation has shown that this is a very promising approach in terms scalability, performance and manageability. The proposed system has been productized by IBM as LTFS Enterprise Edition.
Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of the Alkaline Protease Gene fromFusariumsp. S-19-5 and Expression inSacchavomyces cerevisiae (1994)

We have cloned a genomic DNA encoding the alkaline protease (Alp) of Fusarium sp. S-19-5 from a genomic DNA library and sequenced the nucleotides. Complementary DNA encoding Alp was also isolated from the cDNA library after amplifying the gene by PCR using partial sequences of the Alp genomic DNA as primers. The Alp gene has an open reading frame of 1137 nucleotides containing three introns. A TATA box (TAAATA) was observed 112 base pairs upstream from the translation initiation codon in the 5'-non coding region. The Alp protein has a pre region consisting of 14 amino acids and a pro region of 85 amino acids preceding the mature region, which consists of 280 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of Fusarium Alp has 52% homology with that of Aspergillus oryzae and 51% homology with that of Acremonium chrysogenum. The entire cDNA encoding Fusarium Alp was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which then secreted enzymatically active Alp into the culture medium.
Multifunctional water-soluble molecular capsules based on p-phosphonic acid calix[5]arene (2011)

p-Phosphonic acid calix[5]arene forms molecular capsules in water based on two of the molecules, which can be loaded with carboplatin using intense shearing, and attached to single wall carbon nano-tubes. Spin coating of the capsules onto a substrate affords 2 nm fibres of stacked calixarenes, with the self-assembly understood using molecular modelling.
A distributed active and reactive power control strategy for balancing grid-tied cascaded H-bridge PV inverter system (2017)

Unbalanced operation between panel-level modular inverters constrains the operating range of grid-tied cascaded H-bridge Photovoltaic (PV) inverter system when the active and reactive power of the architecture changes. The main objective of this paper is to propose a distributed control approach for balancing reactive power among inverters. The distributed controller allows fully decentralized architecture in terms of control and physical implementation of a PV system, resulting in higher reliability and potentially lower cost. The proposed control approach autonomously compensates reactive power contents of inverters caused by the active and reactive power changes by shifting their phase angle with local AC current measurement. Detailed modeling and analysis are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed control strategy. The decentralized control scheme is verified by real-time hardware-in-the-loop setup.
Routine Continuous Electrocardiographic Monitoring Following Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (2019)

AA following PCI were infrequent but were associated with increase in 30-day mortality. Following American Heart Association guidelines for monitoring after PCI can lead to substantial cost saving.
Spectroscopic characterization of acid mobility in chemically amplified resists (2000)

State-of-the-art microlithographic processes used to make features smaller than 0.25 microns are based upon deep-UV lithography and chemically amplified resists (CARs). In these resists, photoacid generated during exposure initiates cascading deprotection reactions during post exposure bake (PEB) to form a developable image. Reaction may not be limited to the illuminated areas since the photo-generated protons may diffuse outside this region; therefore, it is important to understand the diffusional characteristics of the photoacid. In this contribution, macroscopic free volume changes in the photoresist film were studied using multi-wavelength interferometry, and acid mobility and concentration during PEB were studied using crystal violet. This probe was added to the Shipley Apex-E 2408 DUV photoresist, and measurements were carried out in situ on quartz substrates. Crystal violet is a triphenylmethane 'propeller' molecule whose excited-state lifetime increases as the local free volume decreases, and molecular rotation is hindered. This feature can be used to characterize the free volume in the photoresist using ground- state recovery experiments. In addition, crystal violet has three protolytic forms, each with a unique absorption spectrum, and a calibration of the absorption spectrum as a function of acid concentration was used to measure the acid concentration during PEB. These studies illustrate the utility of spectroscopic techniques to characterize CARs in situ.
Use of the Notch signaling pathway to predict disease progression and distant recurrence-free survival in early stage colon cancer (2008)

14500 Background: The Notch pathway directs normal colonic development, but its aberrant activation may promote tumorigenesis. However, its expression in colon cancer is unknown. Therefore, we analyzed Notch receptors (1–4), ligands, and modifiers in colon cancers and suppressed this pathway with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and drug targeting. Methods: Gene chip microarrays were constructed from 308 normal and malignant colon tissues obtained at surgery, including normal mucosa (10%), polyps (15%), primary cancers (55%), and metastases from liver (13%) and lung (6%), using Affymetrix U133A arrays. Microarray data were normalized using the RMA method. Correlation analysis identified genes differentially expressed between sample classes, using Empirical Bayes t test, and genes associated with survival outcomes, using COX regression. In colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW620, and HT29), Notch receptors were downregulated by siRNA, and Notch activation was inhibited by gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs). Cell line viability was assessed by colony formation assays and apoptosis by DAPI staining. Results: Notch-3 expression increased with colon cancer progression and was highest in lung metastases (trend test, p<0.001). The Notch ligand JAG-2 increased significantly from polyps to Stage I cancers (p<0.001), whereas the negative Notch regulator Numb significantly decreased (p<0.001). The Notch targets cyclin D1 and survivin also increased with cancer progression. Overexpression of Notch-3 correlated with distant recurrence free survival in Stage III disease (p=0.074, HR=2.95); similar marginally significant correlation holds when adjusting for JAG-2 and NUMB expression. In vitro, siRNA to the Notch receptors inhibited growth but the greatest effect occurred with siRNA to Notch-3. GSIs significantly suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis. Conclusions: Key elements of the Notch pathway are activated (Notch-3 and JAG-2) and suppressed (Numb) during early stage colon cancer progression. Targeting of this pathway could represent a new therapeutic strategy. Examination of the Notch pathway may have important prognostic significance in Stage III colon cancer and this requires prospective evaluation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An Integrated Inductor for Parallel Interleaved VSCs and PWM Schemes for Flux Minimization (2015)

The interleaving of the carrier signals of the parallel voltage-source converters can reduce the harmonic content in the resultant switched output voltages. As a result, the size of the line filter inductor can be reduced. However, in addition to the line filter, an inductive filter is often required to suppress the circulating current. The size of the system can be reduced by integrating these two inductors in a single magnetic component. An integrated inductor, which combines the functionality of both the line filter inductor and the circulating current filter inductor, is presented. The pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes to reduce the flux in some parts of the integrated inductor are also analyzed. The flux reduction achieved by using these schemes is demonstrated by comparing these schemes with the conventional space vector modulation and the 60° clamped discontinuous PWM scheme. The impact of these PWM schemes on the harmonic performance is also discussed. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the analysis.
Shape-Dependent Light Harvesting of 3D Gold Nanocrystals on Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Plasmonic or Optical Scattering Effect? (2015)

In the work, mechanisms behind various 3D nanocrystals enhanced performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells were studied comprehensively. Four types of gold nanoparticles (NPs) with distinctly different shapes and great uniformity were designed and synthesized, including cubes, rhombic dodecahedra (RD), edge- and corner-truncated octahedra (ECTO), and triangular plates, to systematically probe their influences on photovoltaics. RD and triangular plates show a higher growth rate, while slower growth favors cubes and ECTO formation by controlling the reduction agent and capping ion amount. NPs with increasing corners and proper size of cross-section induce stronger near-field coupling and far-field scattering in P3HT:PC61BM-based active layers. Both finite-difference time-domain simulation and UV–visible absorption spectra firmly support that RD exhibit the strongest localized surface plasmon resonance and optical scattering. With optimized conditions, a high power conversion efficiency exceeding 4% was reproducibly achieved.