gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NCAR's Recent Advances in Wind Power Forecasting (2015)

The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) has been developing and enhancing a Wind Power Forecasting System in partnership with Xcel Energy that integrates high resolution and publically available modeling capabilities with artificial intelligence methods. This forecasting system has recently been updated to include specific technologies for uncertainty quantification, short-term detection of wind power ramps by blending the Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System with an Expert System, enhanced wind-to-power conversion techniques, and prediction of icing and snow conditions. The system ingests external, publicly available weather model data and observations. In order to provide information specific to Xcel Energy's region, high resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) simulations assimilate specific local weather observations. The weather observations range from routine meteorological surface and upper air data to data from the wind farms, including wind speed data from the Nacelles. Finally, to optimize estimates of short-term changes in wind power requires nowcasting technologies such as the Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System (VDRAS) that is blended with an observation-based Expert System. The strength of the wind power forecasting system lies in blending the various components to produce a power forecast that can be used by Xcel Energy grid operators and energy traders. That blending is accomplished with the Dynamical Integrated Forecast (DICast) System. The wind speeds predicted by DICast must then be translated into power using NCAR's empirical power conversion algorithms. A quantile approach is used to quality control the observations. The uncertainty of these predictions can then be quantified using an Analog Ensemble (AnEn) approach. Finally, warnings of potential icing and heavy snow are provided.
Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization (2016)

Despite of decades of work, query optimizers still make mistakes on "difficult" queries because of bad cardinality estimates, often due to the interaction of multiple predicates and correlations in the data. In this paper, we propose a low-cost post-processing step that can take a plan produced by the optimizer, detect when it is likely to have made such a mistake, and take steps to fix it. Specifically, our solution is a sampling-based iterative procedure that requires almost no changes to the original query optimizer or query evaluation mechanism of the system. We show that this indeed imposes low overhead and catches cases where three widely used optimizers (PostgreSQL and two commercial systems) make large errors.
Study on Mems Glassblown Cells for NMR Sensors (2019)

This paper presents a study on factors that affect the relaxation rates of noble gas atoms in miniaturized atomic vapor cells of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) sensors. The cells are implemented using the micro-glassblowing process, [1]. Our study is focused on the cell construction material and the inner wall coating of the cells. We showed that the wafer-level coating process with Al2O3 increased the 131Xe relaxation time (T2) by 4x and by switching from Borosilicate glass (Pyrex) to Aluminosilicate glass (ASG) T2 improved by 3x, for the same species. The improvement in T2 is projected to reduce the ARW of an NMR gyro by 4x and 3x with Al2O3 coated cells and ASG cells, respectively.
Innovative Use of NMR to Study the Fracture Fluid Propagation in Shale Formation (2014)

Abstract The breakdown of shale and the created fracture complexity are greatly dependent on the flow behaviors of fracture fluids just before fracture initiation. Because of the unique characteristics of shale formations—including low permeability, existence of micro-fractures, and sensitivity to contacting fluids—it is difficult to evaluate fluid flow with traditional laboratory methods. NMR technology has been explored to study the propagation of fracture fluid inside shale core before fracture initiation. All fluids were injected at pressures less than fracture pressure. Cores from three different shale formations (Eagle Ford, Marcellus and Mancos) were evaluated with the new methods. Variations such as fluid types (slickwater, acid and oil), injection pressure were evaluated. Based on experimental results, the volume of fracture fluid that propagated inside shale cores has a strong relationship with fluid viscosity, where increasing fluid viscosity reduced this volume. NMR confirmed that slickwater or a higher-viscosity fracture fluid did not propagate inside the small shale pores (less than 0.01 μm as an average estimation) but did propagate inside larger pores and inside the existing microfractures. High-viscosity fracturing fluid was only able to fill the larger shale pores, while slickwater fracture fluid filled the large pores and connected them to increase the microfracture density. This allows the slickwater fluid to break the shale formation with lower pressure and produce more complex fractures than high viscosity fluids. Reactive fluids, such as HCl acid solution, were also studied and found to leak into the shale core by increasing the contact time, even for shale with low HCl solubility (less than 2 wt%).
Density factor approach to representing impact of die power maps on thermal management (2005)

In the microelectronics industry, power has traditionally been the key driver for thermal management. Cooling solutions are typically rated in terms of their power dissipation capacity and efficiency. However, overall power is not the only parameter that affects thermal management. For instance, it is well-known that power density is also important (i.e., it is easier to cool 50 W uniformly distributed on a 20/spl times/20 mm die than the same power on a 10/spl times/10 mm die). Furthermore, even if the die size remains unchanged, nonuniform power distribution at the die level can create localized regions of high power density that require thermal management. This paper proposes a simple metric, density factor (DF/sub jx/), to be used in conjunction with power for quantifying the impact of power density on a given thermal solution. The advantages, limitations, and applicability of this metric are discussed.
Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular mortality across the spectrum of aortic stenosis (2022)

The effect of DM on cardiovascular mortality varied across AS severity. Despite no association between DM and outcomes in patients with mild/moderate AS, DM was strongly associated with death from heart failure and sudden death in patients with severe AS.
Investigating Uncertainty in Postoperative Bleeding Management: Design Principles for Decision Support (2022)

<p class="first" id="d1020836e136">Decision-making under uncertainty is a difficult and unavoidable challenge in clinical contexts. Technologies such as probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) allow their users to explicitly model and reason with uncertainty. By taking a user-centric approach to the deployment of these technologies, we believe there is an opportunity to involve clinicians in the modelling process. In this paper, we present a field study of decisions taken to manage postoperative bleeding. From analysis of the findings, we outline three central themes that emerge and discuss implications for design, developing a set of evaluative design principles to assess a PPL-based tool in this context. These include visualising zones of optimal intervention, surfacing relative risk trade-offs between teams, and accessing specialist views within a holistic picture. These findings provide a structure for critically exploring PPL-based tools to support clinical reasoning under uncertainty.
Abstract 4086: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) as a new target modulating the proliferation and immune-related pathways in melanoma (2014)

Abstract Histone deacetylases (HDACs), originally described as histone modifiers, have more recently been demonstrated to modify a variety of other proteins involved in diverse cellular processes unrelated to the chromatin environment. This includes the deacetylation of multiple non-histone targets, such as proteins involved in cell cycle/apoptosis and immune regulation. Specifically, HDACs have garnered significant interest due to the availability of drugs that selectively inhibits HDACs. We recently identified that the pharmacological or genetic abrogation of a single HDAC, HDAC6, modifies the immunogenicity and proliferation of melanoma in both in vitro and in vivo models. Using specific HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6i) we observed decreased proliferation and G1 cell cycle arrest in all melanoma cell lines measured by MTS assay and flow cytometry. These results were also observed in stable HDAC6 knockdown melanoma cell lines (HDAC6KD) generated by specific lentiviral shRNA for HDAC6. In addition to the effects observed in proliferation and apoptosis after inhibiting HDAC6, we found important changes in the expression of immune-related pathways, including increased expression of MHC, co-stimulatory molecules, and specific melanoma tumor associated antigens such as gp100, MART-1, Tyrp1 and Tyrp2. Our in vitro results were further supported by in vivo tumor growth studies. We observed a delayed tumor growth of inoculated B16 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice treated with selective HDAC6i. A similar outcome was identified after inoculation of HDAC6KD B16 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. Such an effect was reverted partially in CD4+ and CD8+ depleted C57BL/6 mice challenged with HDAC6KD cells, suggesting that the disruption of HDAC6 enhances immune system recognition of melanoma cells. This delay in tumor growth could be a reflection of their diminished proliferation and an increase in their immunogenicity leading to improved immune recognition and clearance. These studies provide critical insights into the molecular pathways that are involved in the regulatory role of HDAC6 in cell proliferation, survival, and cytokine signaling of human melanoma cells. Collectively, our data has identified HDAC6 as an attractive therapeutic target in melanoma. Citation Format: Patricio Perez-Villarroel, Maritza Lienlaf, Calvin Lee, Fengdong Cheng, David Woods, Kelly Barrios, Karrune Woan, Jorge Canales, Tessa Knox, Danay Marante, Hongwei Wang, Pedro Horna, Keiran Smalley, Esteban Celis, Ed Seto, Jeffrey S. Weber, Eduardo M. Sotomayor, Alejandro Villagra. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) as a new target modulating the proliferation and immune-related pathways in melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4086. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4086
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydro‐1(2H)‐isoquinolinones. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Geometric augmentation of topological track atlas for localization (2010)

In automotive domain localization is typically performed through fusion of observations e.g. GPS positions and roadmaps. A transfer of these strategies to rail vehicle positioning is often impossible, because geometric track maps are not available. Key focus of this contribution is the enlargement of given topological track maps with geometric features, to enable a map-assisted rail vehicle localization based on geometric measurements. Initially we compute the optimal path within the track topology based on local track features that are measured with an eddy current sensor system. Then we process noisy INS positions and estimate the geometric shape of the map segments the measurement train has passed. Finally we augment the corresponding segments with geometric information. The proposed method is validated on real data in a real railway scenario.
P1‐021: TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILING OF MICROGLIA FROM AN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MOUSE MODEL AND FROM HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS REVEALS EFFECTS OF THE APOE4 GENOTYPE (2019)

A number of risk factors for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been identified, with the strongest genetic factor being the E4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4). There are a several pathways through which APOE4 can act to increase AD risk, including via its actions on neuroinflammation and glial function. Microglia, one of the major immune cell types of the brain, are known to have a role in AD pathology and have previously been shown to have altered phenotypes in the context of APOE4. Several recent reports have demonstrated that microglia display unique transcriptional profiles in the context of AD and other neurodegenerative conditions. However, whether and how APOE4 may alter microglial transcriptomic signatures has thus far not been examined. We assessed the effects of APOE4 on microglial transcription profiles using both mouse models of AD and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). CD11b+ microglia were isolated from EFAD mice, which carry either human APOE3 or APOE4 and the 5xFAD transgenes, and were analyzed by RNAseq. Additionally, iPSCs from APOE3 and APOE4 carriers were differentiated into microglia and their transcriptional profiles were assessed by RNAseq, both at baseline and after inflammatory insults. APOE4 is associated with transcriptional changes in a number of microglial genes, including an up-regulation of a number of inflammatory pathways and altered macrophage-associated networks. Determining how APOE4 affects microglial transcription will be critical in understanding how this AD risk factor alters the function of microglia and contributes to disease. We have identified microglial networks that are altered in the context of APOE4, enabling us to examine how these pathways may be impacting AD risk and progression.
Determination of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Kinetics in Hostile Environment &&num;0150; Application to the Tetravalent Uranium Oxalate U(C2O4)2. 6H2O (2004)

Abstract A specific apparatus and an original batch method are developed for, respectively, nucleation and crystal growth rate measurements in a hostile environment, such as glove box. Primary nucleation and crystal growth kinetic rates for uranium oxalate are measured over a wide range of temperatures and solution concentrations. The nucleation rate obeys the Volmer‐Weber equation, with activation energies of 182 kJ.mol −1 for the homogeneous nucleation and 102 kJ.mol −1 for the heterogeneous one. The crystal growth rate is first order with respect to the supersaturation and controlled by a surface integration mechanism, characterized by a 29 kJ.mol − 1 activation energy.
“Immersive & Personalized Audio: A Practical System for Enabling Interchange, Distribution & Delivery of Next Generation Audio Experiences” (2014)

Recent advancements in cinema audio continue to bring more lifelike experiences to theatre audiences. These advancements are also driving a transformation across the remaining audio ecosystem and are poised to enable a richer experience in the living room and on-the-go. This paper proposes several practical methods that enable accessible, immersive and personalized experiences from production through playback across broadcast, cable, satellite, IPTV and OTT platforms.
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Induced by TNF-β Is Regulated Transcriptionally by NF-κB after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats (2004)

Antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) may play a role in the mechanism by which cells counteract the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after spinal cord injury (SCI). Cu/Zn and MnSOD are especially potent scavengers of superoxide anion and likely serve important cytoprotective roles against cellular damage. We investigated expression of SOD after SCI to address its role during the early stages of injury. MnSOD activity was increased 4 h after SCI and persisted at elevated levels up to 24-48 h; by contrast, Cu/ZnSOD activity was not changed. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses showed increased levels of MnSOD mRNA and protein, respectively, by 4 h and reached maximum levels by 24-48 h. Double immunostaining revealed that MnSOD protein was localized within neurons and oligodendrocytes. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was administered locally into uninjured spinal cords to examine potential mechanisms for MnSOD induction after injury. TNF-alpha administered exogenously increased MnSOD expression in uninjured spinal cords. Western blot and immunostaining also revealed that a transcription factor, NF-kappaB, was activated and translocated into the nuclei of neurons and oligodendrocytes. By contrast, administration of neutralizing antibody against TNF-alpha into injured spinal cords attenuated the increase in MnSOD expression and activation of NF-kappaB. Double immunostaining revealed that MnSOD was co-localized with NF-kappaB in neurons and oligodendrocytes after SCI. These results suggest that TNF-alpha may be an inducer of NF-kappaB activation and MnSOD expression after SCI and that MnSOD expression induced by TNF-alpha is likely mediated through activation of NF-kappaB.
Characterization of the αDCIR.Gagp24 fusion rAbs. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A.&lt;/b&gt; Schematic representation and SDS-PAGE analysis under reducing conditions of the αDCIR.Gagp24 fusion protein. Expression constructs for chimeric mouse variable (V) region-human IgG4 constant (C) region αDCIR and isotype control recombinant antibodies (rAbs) were engineered with the HIV Gagp24 coding region fused in frame to the heavy (H) chain C-terminus (left panel). These constructs were co-transfected with a matching light (k) chain expression vector into stable CHO-S cell lines and the secreted fusion rAbs were purified from the culture supernatants by protein A-affinity chromatography and analyzed on reducing SDS-PAGE. Proteins were stained with Coomassie Blue (right panel). &lt;b&gt;B.&lt;/b&gt; Specific binding of αDCIR.Gagp24 rAb. Monocytes (left panel), B cells (middle panel) and T cells (right panel) from an HIV-infected patient PBMCs were treated with 3 nM, 0.3 nM and 30 pM of αDCIR.Gagp24 and 3 nM hIgG4.Gagp24 fusion proteins, followed by incubation with an anti-HIV Gagp24 PE-conjugated antibody and then analyzed by flow cytometry. Blue traces are staining from αDCIR.Gagp24. The blue color gradient represents the different concentrations from light blue (3 nM) to dark blue (30 pM). Grey traces (staining by 3 nM hIgG4.Gagp24) and grey solid traces (untreated cells) are the background staining. Data are representative of 2 different patients.&lt;/p&gt;
494-P: Whole-Kidney 3D Imaging and Image Analysis Enables Detailed Quantification of Diabetic Nephropathy Features in the Uninephrectomized db/db Mouse Model (2019)

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. To reproducibly test novel therapies, there is a need for precise quantification of DN pathology in rodent models. We compared the accelerated development of DN in male and female uninephrectomized db/db mice using advanced imaging techniques. Unilateral nephrectomy (UNx) was performed in 7-8 weeks old male and female db/db mice. Sham-operated db/+ mice served as controls. Kidneys were preserved for histology and stereology. In a separate study, UNx was performed in 18 weeks old male db/db mice. These mice and control db/+ mice were injected with lectin-594 prior to termination to visualize glomerular morphology by 3D light sheet microscopy. All mice were terminated at 24 weeks of age. Male and female db/db UNx mice showed comparable increases in albuminuria. Total glomerular volume was markedly higher in male and female db/db UNx mice compared to db/+ controls (mean males; 4.42 vs. 2.71 mm3; p&amp;lt;0.001; females; 5.04 vs. 2.69 mm3; p&amp;lt;0.001). Tubulointerstitial collagen III immuno-staining was significantly increased only in female db/db UNx mice compared to db/+ mice. In contrast, total glomerular collagen IV levels were increased in male db/db UNx mice compared to db/+ controls (mean 1.30 vs. 0.80 mm3; p&amp;lt;0.01), and female db/db UNx mice displayed increased glomerular collagen IV compared to male db/db UNx mice (mean 1.80 vs. 1.30 mm3; p&amp;lt;0.05). 3D imaging at 24 weeks following UNx at 18 weeks of age confirmed expansion in glomerular volume (median db/+ 96.000 vs. db/db 145.000 µm3). Moreover, a marked increase was seen in cortical lectin-594 staining, indicating glomerular leakage in db/db UNx mice. In conclusion, male and female db/db UNx mice displayed comparable features of DN and both constitute valid models for DN. The use of whole-kidney 3D imaging provides a novel avenue for assessment of individual glomerular volume and permeability. Disclosure L.N. Fink: Employee; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. F.E. Sembach: Consultant; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Employee; Self; Gubra. U. Roostalu: Employee; Self; Gubra. T. Johansen: Employee; Self; Gubra. J.L. Skytte: Employee; Self; Gubra. T. Secher: Employee; Self; Gubra. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Novo Nordisk A/S. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Novo Nordisk A/S. K. Fosgerau: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra. N. Vrang: Board Member; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra. J. Jelsing: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra. J. Hecksher-Sørensen: Employee; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. T.X. Pedersen: Employee; Self; Gubra.
Iterative tandem catalysis of racemic AB monomers (2008)

Abstract Racemic AB monomers encompassing a secondary hydroxy group and a methyl ester moiety were synthesized and converted to chiral polyesters by iterative tandem catalysis (ITC). The concurrent action of an enantioselective acylation catalyst (Novozym 435) and a racemization catalyst (Ru(Shvo)) results in the high conversion of the racemic monomers to enantio‐enriched polymers. Several factors are important for attaining high ee's and high molecular weights. The enantioselectivities observed for the novel AB monomers by Novozym 435 are high enough at 70 °C ( E ratio ≥ 200) for the monomers to be useful for ITC. ITC of methyl 6‐hydroxyheptanoate showed that a catalyst loading of ∼1.4 mol % Ru(Shvo), 25 mg Novozym 435/mmol AB monomer, and 0.5 mmol DMP/mmol monomer employing a monomer concentration of 1 mol/L gave a monomer conversion of 94%, an ee of 91%, and an M p of 6.0 kg/mol. Application of these conditions to the other AB monomers revealed the sensitivity of the system. Reduced enantioselectivities were observed when longer reaction times were required for attaining high conversions. These long reaction times were necessary due to the slow (or absent) racemization activity of the Ru(Shvo) catalyst as a result of catalyst deactivation. Since quantitative conversions are crucial to attain high molecular weight polymers in polycondensation reactions, we could significantly improve the system by switching to isopropyl esters of the AB monomers and/or by strict exclusion of oxygen during the ITC. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2721–2733, 2008
On the modulation options for UWB systems (2004)

In this paper, various modulation options for ultra-wideband (UWB) systems are reviewed in terms of their bit error rate (BER) performances, spectral characteristics, modem/hardware complexities, and data rates. The performances of different modulation schemes under practical conditions such as multipath, multiple-access interference (MAI), narrowband interference (NBl), and timing jitter are analyzed and evaluated through computer simulations.