gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 2.9-dB noise figure, Q-band millimeter-wave CMOS SOI LNA (2011)

This paper discusses a two-stage low noise amplifier (LNA) implemented in a 45nm CMOS SOI process that operates between 43 and 53 GHz. The LNA stages are based on a cascode amplifier with simultaneous noise and input power matching. The LNA exhibits a minimum noise figure (NF) of 2.9 dB at 47 GHz and measured gain of 18.5 dB at 49 GHz. The output P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> compression power is 3 dBm and saturation output power is 7 dBm to reach a peak efficiency of 22%. The measured OIP3 is 14 dBm. The LNA occupies an area of 0.35mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with pads and consumes 19 mA from 1.2 V supply. The results present the lowest noise figure for a silicon-based millimeter-wave LNA.
Ex vivo optimisation of a heterogeneous speed of sound model of the human skull for non-invasive transcranial focused ultrasound at 1 MHz (2017)

Transcranial brain therapy has recently emerged as a non-invasive strategy for the treatment of various neurological diseases, such as essential tremor or neurogenic pain. However, treatments require millimetre-scale accuracy. The use of high frequencies (typically ≥1 MHz) decreases the ultrasonic wavelength to the millimetre scale, thereby increasing the clinical accuracy and lowering the probability of cavitation, which improves the safety of the technique compared with the use of low-frequency devices that operate at 220 kHz. Nevertheless, the skull produces greater distortions of high-frequency waves relative to low-frequency waves. High-frequency waves require high-performance adaptive focusing techniques, based on modelling the wave propagation through the skull. This study sought to optimise the acoustical modelling of the skull based on computed tomography (CT) for a 1 MHz clinical brain therapy system. The best model tested in this article corresponded to a maximum speed of sound of 4000 m.s<sup>-1</sup> in the skull bone, and it restored 86% of the optimal pressure amplitude on average in a collection of six human skulls. Compared with uncorrected focusing, the optimised non-invasive correction led to an average increase of 99% in the maximum pressure amplitude around the target and an average decrease of 48% in the distance between the peak pressure and the selected target. The attenuation through the skulls was also assessed within the bandwidth of the transducers, and it was found to vary in the range of 10 ± 3 dB at 800 kHz and 16 ± 3 dB at 1.3 MHz.
A new signal processing technique for interferometric fiber-optic sensors (2003)

A new signal processing technique using a frequency modulated semiconductor laser maintains high accuracy even using inexpensive multimode Fabry-Perot lasers. The application of this technique is reported in temperature measurement with a fiber Fabry-Perot sensing head.
MEMS Sensor Devices with a Piezo-Resistive Cantilever (2018)

We have engaged in researching and developing a large number of sensor devices using piezo-resistive cantilevers. The important technical features of our sensor devices lie in their very high detection sensitivity that has been achieved by the use of cantilevers of a very thin structure: as a typical example, force-detection sensitivity of about 10 pN has been achieved by using cantilevers of 300-nm thickness. This paper presents our developed sensor devices and applications and their respective features: more specifically, devices to directly measure object-contacting forces, devices embedded in an elastic body to measure its deformations, devices to measure air flows and vibrations, devices to measure differential air pressure, devices to measure differential pressure between cavities and external environment, and devices with cantilevers arranged on the liquid interface.
Thermionic emission probability for semiconductor-insulator interfaces (1987)

Simulation of hot-carrier gate-current effects in either MOSFET or MODFET devices requires knowledge of the carrier-emission probability over the semiconductor-insulator barrier. Several works in the recent past have relied on a limiting form for this probability that can lead to significant errors for large fields in the Si-SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> system. This brief shows that the result for emission probability can be expressed as an error function, leading to simple implementation in the numerical 2-D simulators commonly used in device analysis. The result is compared to the commonly used limiting form for both large and small values of the normalized barrier height.
Recent results in silicon photonics at the University of Southampton (2014)

In this paper we will discuss recent results in our work on Silicon Photonics. This will include active and passive devices for a range of applications. Specifically we will include work on modulators and drivers, deposited waveguides, multiplexers, device integration and Mid IR silicon photonics. These devices and technologies are important both for established applications such as integrated transceivers for short reach interconnect, as well as emerging applications such as disposable sensors and mass market photonics.
13.4 A microwave injection-locking outphasing modulator with 30dB dynamic range and 22% system efficiency in 45nm CMOS SOI (2016)

High-capacity microwave systems demand high-efficiency transmit architectures that support complex waveforms with high peak-to-average-power-ratio (PAPR) modulation. The outphasing scheme transforms the arbitrary amplitude and phase of a complex signal into two phase-modulated constant-envelope waveforms and allows the power amplifiers (PAs) to operate at peak power and efficiency while transmitting high PAPR waveforms. Recent work has adopted outphasing modulation with off-chip digital signal processing (DSP) [1-3], or with on-chip DSP approximations [4]. However, these approaches tend to require high power consumption and degrade the overall system power efficiency as symbol rates scale up.
Dielectric matrix scheme for fast convergence in self-consistent electronic-structure calculations (1982)

A scheme is devised which drastically reduces the number of iterations required to reach self-consistency in electronic-structure calculations. This scheme is particularly helpful in calculations for systems with large unit cells.
S14-95, a Novel Inhibitor of the JAK/STAT Pathway from a Penicillium species (2003)

In a search for new inhibitors of the IFN-gamma mediated signal transduction in HeLa S3 cells using secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) as reporter gene, a novel compound, designated as S14-95 was isolated from fermentations of the imperfect fungus Penicillium sp. 14-95. The compound inhibits the IFN-gamma mediated expression of the reporter gene with IC50 values of 2.5 to approximately 5 microg/ml (5.4 to approximately 10.8 microM). Furthermore the compound inhibited the expression of the proinflammatory enzymes COX-2 and NOS II at 5 microg/ml (10.8 microM) in LPS/IFN-gamma stimulated J774 mouse macrophages. Studies on the mode of action of the compound revealed that the inhibition of the IFN-gamma dependent signaling pathway is caused by an inhibition of the phosphorylation of the STAT1alpha transcription factor. In addition, S14-95 inhibited the activation of the p38 MAP kinase, which is involved in the inducible expression of many proinflammatory genes.
ChemInform Abstract: 6,9‐Bis((aminoalkyl)amino)benzo(g)isoquinoline‐5,10‐diones. A Novel Class of Chromophore‐Modified Antitumor Anthracene‐9,10‐diones: Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluations. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dual‐frequency impedance matching networks based on two‐section transmission line (2017)

In this study, a practical and useful dual‐frequency property of two‐section transmission line (TSTL) terminated into a real impedance is reported. Moreover, to demonstrate some of its potential applications for the performance enhancement in dual‐frequency impedance transformation problems, modified L‐ and T‐type dual‐frequency matching networks are presented. Specifically, the property is used to modify the conventional L‐type matching network to improve its transformation‐ratio and frequency‐ratio performance. Furthermore, improvement in conventional dual‐frequency T‐type matching network is also demonstrated through the incorporation of the TSTL. All the results are analytical and in closed form with simple design equations. For validation, prototypes of the proposed L‐ and T‐type matching networks operating concurrently at 1 GHz/1.45 GHz and 1 GHz/2 GHz, respectively, are designed and fabricated on FR‐4 substrate. The obtained simulated and measured results clearly exhibit the usefulness of the proposed design schemes.
Suppression of B Outdiffusion by C Incorporation in Ultra-High-Speed SiGeC HBTs (2003)

The effect of incorporated C on preventing the diffusion of B in selectively grown Si1-x-yGexCy layers has been studied. The diffusivity of B was significantly decreased by increasing the C content, even when the concentrations of B were high. Furthermore, self-aligned SiGeC heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) were fabricated, and the effects of incorporating C in the base layer on device performance were evaluated. A shallower base with a higher concentration of B was produced by suppression the B outdiffusion. Consequently, low values for base resistance and a high cutoff frequency of 168 GHz were achieved with a 4-nm-thick p-Si1-x-yGexCy layer where the C content was 0.2% and the B concentration was 1×1020 cm-3.
On demand control of bus-cavity coupling (2021)

We show tuning of the cavity-bus coupling rate by more than 160% by imparting a nonlinear differential parametric gain between the clockwise and counterclockwise propagating modes.
Acousto-electrical speckle pattern in Electrical Impedance Tomography (2014)

Lorentz Force Electrical Impedance Tomography (LFEIT) is a medical imaging technique of the tissue electrical impedance. It is based on the transmission of an ultrasound beam in a medium placed in a magnetic field, which induces an electrical current due to Lorentz force. The measurement of this current with electrodes allows to produce electrical impedance images with a spatial resolution close to ultrasound (US) imaging. The goal of this study is to assess the existence of an “acousto-electric speckle” in the LFEIT technique, by similarity to the US speckle.
One‐Pot Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of Dihydropyrimidinone‐Based Dyes: Novel Violet‐Blue Light Emitting Fluorophores (2018)

Abstract A one‐pot, four‐component methodology have been developed for the synthesis of coumarin‐linked triazolyl‐dihydropyrimidinones (DHPM). The Biginelli reaction was combined with the click reaction for the first time in a sequential multicomponent tandem reaction approach. A series of ten such compounds have been synthesised and examined for their fluorescent properties. These were found to emit violet‐blue light in the visible region of the spectrum with very high Stoke's shift values. The compounds have demonstrated high quantum yields which makes them attractive targets for their utilization as new fluorescent probes. The electronic structure of these coumarin‐based donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A)‐type organic dyes have been studied by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Thermal analysis of few of the compounds show that they are stable up to temperature range of 0–290 °C. The synthesised compounds have been characterised by NMR and mass spectrometry.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Glycosyl Phosphatidyl Inositol Anchor of Rat Brain Thy‐1. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Direct Optical Patterning of Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes via In Situ Ligand Exchange (2020)

Precise patterning of quantum dot (QD) layers is an important prerequisite for fabricating QD light-emitting diode (QLED) displays and other optoelectronic devices. However, conventional patterning methods cannot simultaneously meet the stringent requirements of resolution, throughput, and uniformity of the pattern profile while maintaining a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the patterned QD layers. Here, a specially designed nanocrystal ink is introduced, "photopatternable emissive nanocrystals" (PENs), which satisfies these requirements. Photoacid generators in the PEN inks allow photoresist-free, high-resolution optical patterning of QDs through photochemical reactions and in situ ligand exchange in QD films. Various fluorescence and electroluminescence patterns with a feature size down to ≈1.5 µm are demonstrated using red, green, and blue PEN inks. The patterned QD films maintain ≈75% of original PLQY and the electroluminescence characteristics of the patterned QLEDs are comparable to thopse of non-patterned control devices. The patterning mechanism is elucidated by in-depth investigation of the photochemical transformations of the photoacid generators and changes in the optical properties of the QDs at each patterning step. This advanced patterning method provides a new way for additive manufacturing of integrated optoelectronic devices using colloidal QDs.
A Probabilistic Reformulation of the Quick Medical Reference System (1990)

We report on the design and implementation of a two-level multiply-connected belief-network representation of the QMR knowledge base. We use probabilities derived from QMR disease profiles and from National Center for Health Statistics hospital-discharge statistics. Using a stochastic simulation algorithm for inference on the belief network, we compare the performance of QMR to that of the probabilistic reformulation on cases abstracted from continuing medical education materials from Scientific American Medicine.
The effect of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) on the oxidative stress markers in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss,Walbaum 1792) (2015)

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most frequently detected mycotoxins in agricultural commodities used as animal feedstuff in Central Europe. This study focuses on determining effects of diets containing DON on oxidative stress markers and detoxifying enzymes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The fish were fed with commercial pellets containing DON at a concentration of 2 mg kg−1. Selected enzymes were measured in liver, gill and caudal kidney of the fish after 23 and 32 days of the experiment. Significant differences between the control and experimental groups were observed concerning activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in kidney, glutathione reductase (GR) in gill and kidney, catalase (CAT) in kidney and liver and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in gill and liver. No significant differences were found for superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression, lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The data show that DON in the diet at the concentration below EC recommendation (2006/576/EC) induces oxidative stress in the rainbow trout.
New Structure Disk for a Magneto-Optical Composite Head System (1992)

A new structure disk was developed for a magneto-optical (MO) composite head system. The new disk has a thin readout substrate under and a high magnetic permeability layer over the MO layer. The effect of the high magnetic permeability layer was confirmed experimentally and agreed well with theoretical results. The normal component of the magnetic field at the MO layer is enhanced 1.6 times by the high magnetic permeability layer.
A Computational Workbench for Remote Full Field 3D Displacement and Strain Measurements (2011)

The present paper reports on the progress towards the development of a computational workbench infrastructure that implements the Meshless Random Grid (MRG) method for the remote (non contact) measurement of displacement and strain fields in 3D space. The method is applicable to structures bounded by flat surfaces that deform under various mechanical and generalized loading conditions in and out of plane. A brief description of the 3D MRG method is followed by the description of the current prototype of a software workbench developed for the computational implementation of the algorithms involved with the analysis display and export of the experimental results associated with any specific applications of the method.
CRYSTALS - Kyber: A CCA-secure Module-Lattice-Based KEM (2017)

Rapid advances in quantum computing, together with the announcement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to define new standards for digital-signature, encryption, and key-establishment protocols, have created significant interest in post-quantum cryptographic schemes. This paper introduces Kyber (part of CRYSTALS - Cryptographic Suite for Algebraic Lattices - a package submitted to NIST post-quantum standardization effort in November 2017), a portfolio of post-quantum cryptographic primitives built around a key-encapsulation mechanism (KEM), based on hardness assumptions over module lattices. Our KEM is most naturally seen as a successor to the NEWHOPE KEM (Usenix 2016). In particular, the key and ciphertext sizes of our new construction are about half the size, the KEM offers CCA instead of only passive security, the security is based on a more general (and flexible) lattice problem, and our optimized implementation results in essentially the same running time as the aforementioned scheme. We first introduce a CPA-secure public-key encryption scheme, apply a variant of the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform to create a CCA-secure KEM, and eventually construct, in a black-box manner, CCA-secure encryption, key exchange, and authenticated-key-exchange schemes. The security of our primitives is based on the hardness of Module-LWE in the classical and quantum random oracle models, and our concrete parameters conservatively target more than 128 bits of post-quantum security.
Induction of mutations by gamma irradiation at four developmental stages in castor (Ricinus communis L.) (1986)

Castor plants (var. 279) were exposed to acute gamma rays (2000, 3000 and 4000 R) at seedling, meiotic, gametic and post-gametic stages. The mean chloro-phyll and morphological mutant frequencies with widest spectra and a substantial increase in phenotypic variability for days to flower, seed yield/plant and harvest-index were observed at gametic stage. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutants at this stage differed significantly from those of other three stages. Certain promising mutants with early maturity, dwarf stature and tetra-locular capsules were also recovered more frequently at gametic stage. Maximum mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were recorded at the same stage. The data amply indicate that ‘gametic’ stage is the most suitable one for irradiation and recovery of useful mutants.
Search forWWγandWZγproduction and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings inppcollisions ats=8  TeV (2014)

A search for $WV\ensuremath{\gamma}$ triple vector boson production is presented based on events containing a $W$ boson decaying to a muon or an electron and a neutrino, a second $V$ ($W$ or $Z$) boson, and a photon. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of $19.3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected in 2012 with the CMS detector at the LHC in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. An upper limit of 311 fb on the cross section for the $WV\ensuremath{\gamma}$ production process is obtained at 95% confidence level for photons with a transverse energy above 30 GeV and with an absolute value of pseudorapidity of less than 1.44. This limit is approximately a factor of 3.4 larger than the standard model predictions that are based on next-to-leading order QCD calculations. Since no evidence of anomalous $WW\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ or $WWZ\ensuremath{\gamma}$ quartic gauge boson couplings is found, this paper presents the first experimental limits on the dimension-eight parameter ${f}_{T,0}$ and the $CP$-conserving $WWZ\ensuremath{\gamma}$ parameters ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{0}^{W}$ and ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{C}^{W}$. Limits are also obtained for the $WW\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ parameters ${a}_{0}^{W}$ and ${a}_{C}^{W}$.
Use of Device-to-Device communications for efficient cellular networks (2019)

Cette thèse étudie les communications directes entre les mobiles, appelées communications D2D, en tant que technique prometteuse pour améliorer les futurs réseaux cellulaires. Cette technologie permet une communication directe entre deux terminaux mobiles sans passer par la station de base. La modélisation, l'évaluation et l'optimisation des différents aspects des communications D2D constituent les objectifs fondamentaux de cette thèse et sont réalisés principalement à l'aide des outils mathématiques suivants: la théorie des files d'attente, l'optimisation de Lyapunov et les processus de décision markovien partiellement observable POMDP. Les résultats de cette étude sont présentés en trois parties. Dans la première partie, nous étudions un schéma de sélection entre mode cellulaire et mode D2D. Nous dérivons les régions de stabilité des scénarios suivants: réseaux cellulaires purs et réseaux cellulaires où les communications D2D sont activées. Une comparaison entre ces deux scénarios conduit à l'élaboration d'un algorithme de sélection entre le mode cellulaire et le mode D2D qui permet d'améliorer la capacité du réseau. Dans la deuxième partie, nous développons un algorithme d'allocation de ressources des communications D2D. Les utilisateurs D2D sont en mesure d'estimer leur propre qualité de canal, cependant la station de base a besoin de recevoir des messages de signalisation pour acquérir cette information. Sur la base de cette connaissance disponibles au niveau des utilisateurs D2D, une approche d'allocation des ressources est proposée afin d'améliorer l'efficacité énergétique des communications D2D. La version distribuée de cet algorithme s'avère plus performante que celle centralisée. Dans le schéma distribué des collisions peuvent se produire durant la transmission de l'état des canaux D2D ; ainsi un algorithme de réduction des collisions est élaboré. En outre, la mise en œuvre des algorithmes centralisé et distribué dans un réseau cellulaire, type LTE, est décrite en détails. Dans la troisième partie, nous étudions une politique de sélection des relais D2D mobiles. La mobilité des relais représente un des principaux défis que rencontre toute stratégie de sélection de relais. Le problème est modélisé par un processus contraint de décision markovien partiellement observable qui prend en compte le dynamisme des relais et vise à trouver la politique de sélection de relais qui optimise la performance du réseau cellulaire sous des contraintes de coût.