gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadband wireless infrared LAN architecture compatiblewith Ethernet protocol (1998)

A wireless infrared (IR) LAN for the indoor environment is proposed which is compatible with the familiar CSMA/CD protocol used in Ethernet. Eye safe 140 Mbit/s transmission at only 5 mW transmitter power in a 20 m2 cell is experimentally demonstrated.
S65 Large and small airway epithelial cell senescence present in COPD and bronchiectasis? (2013)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Accelerated lung ageing has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD and therefore targeting cellular senescence may have therapeutic benefit. COPD is increasingly felt to have significant sub-phenotypes with large and small airway involvement. The airway epithelium likely endures the majority of potentially senescence-inducing insults. However, data on airway epithelial cell (AEC) senescence in COPD is limited and comparisons between large and small airways are lacking. Furthermore, the role of infection in COPD-associated senescence is unclear. To date, senescence in bronchiectasis has not been investigated as a model for infection-induced senescence. We sought to determine AEC expression of senescence-associated markers in COPD and bronchiectasis and to compare large and small airways. <h3>Methods</h3> Lung explant tissue from our transplant programme from COPD (n = 19) and bronchiectasis (n = 14) with resection tissue from smokers without lung disease (control) (n = 11) was stained for senescence-associated markers by immunohistochemistry. Staining was quantified semi-quantitatively. Fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridisation (FISH) was used to investigate telomere length and possible co-localisation with DNA damage-associated proteins. <h3>Results</h3> In large AECs, expression of the proliferation marker ki67 and the anti-ageing protein sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was decreased in COPD as compared to bronchiectasis and controls. There was no difference in expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor p16 and the DNA damage associated foci ?H2AX between the three groups. In small AECs, SIRT1 was decreased in COPD compared to controls and p16 and ?H2AX were increased. Here, ki67 expression did not differ between groups. In bronchiectasis, there was no significant change in senescence marker expression compared to controls, with the exception of decreased SIRT1 in large AECs. Marker expression was not significantly correlated with FEV<sub>1</sub> or smoking history. Preliminary work suggests potential co-localisation of ?H2AX at telomeres with ongoing analysis underway. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Differential expression of senescence-associated markers between large and small airways in COPD may reflect the distinct patterns of inflammation and functional impairment occurring in the two airway compartments. There is some evidence suggesting a role for senescence in bronchiectasis, though this is less clear than for COPD. Further markers need to be investigated.
16 x 16 VCSEL array flip-chip bonded to CMOS VLSI circuit (2000)

We report the flip-chip bonding of a 16/spl times/16 array of 970-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to an array of silicon CMOS driver circuits. The small-signal bandwidth of a flip-chip bonded VCSEL is in excess of 4 GHz. Individual VCSELs are capable of being modulated by the CMOS circuits at 1 Gb/s. The thermal impedance of the flip-chip bonded VCSELs is 1/spl deg/C/mW. The measured crosstalk suppression between channels is approximately 20 dB. Simultaneous parallel testing of up to 80 VCSELs at 1 Gb/s per VCSEL is demonstrated.
Rotational Mobility in a Crystal Studied by Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy. An Experiment for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory (2005)

In this article we present a laboratory experiment for an undergraduate physical chemistry course. The purpose of this experiment is the study of molecular mobility in a crystal using the technique of dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The experiment illustrates important physical chemistry concepts. The background of the experimental technique deals with the concepts of orientational and induced polarization and frequency-dependent relative permittivity (or dielectric constant). The kinetic concepts of temperature-dependent relaxation time, activation energy, and activation entropy are involved in the concept of molecular mobility. Finally, the proposed laboratory experiment can be used in the undergraduate laboratory to illustrate a wide variety of topics with pedagogical interest: mesophases (plastic crystals and liquid crystals); motions in orientationally disordered crystals; phase transitions in solids; orientational glasses and orientational glass transition; and so forth.
Progression of visual field in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (2): Level of progression (2013)

Abstract Purpose To compare the visual field rate (VF) of progression of non evolutive and evolutive patients with treated ocular hypertension (OHT) or primary‐open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods From a multicentric database, 441 eyes of 228 patients with treated OHT or POAG followed up at least 6 years with Humphrey 24.2 Sita‐Standard VF exam at least twice a year were identified and classified in 5 groups: 104 OHT, 205 early glaucoma (MD&gt;‐6dB), 45 moderate glaucoma (MD‐6 to ‐12dB), 41 advanced glaucoma (MD‐12 to ‐18dB) and 46 severe glaucoma (MD&lt;‐18dB). With final datas, patients were classified in 2 sub groups: “evolutive” or “stable” patients if worsening or not to upper grade. Rate of progression during follow‐up period was calculated using the trend analysis of the Guided Progression Analysis software. Results The mean follow‐up was 8.4 years. We found respectively for “stable” and “evolutive” sub‐groups, following rates of progression : MD =‐0.01 and ‐0.13dB/year (‐0.03&amp; ‐0.41%VFI/year) in eyes with OHT, ‐0.07&amp; ‐0.80dB/year (‐0.23 &amp; ‐2.39%VFI/year) in early glaucoma group, ‐0.02&amp; ‐0,91 dB/year (‐0.46 &amp; ‐3.04%VFI/year) in moderate glaucoma, ‐0.21 &amp; ‐0.82dB/year (‐1.13 &amp; ‐3.57%VFI/year) in advanced glaucoma. Conclusion In early to advanced stages of glaucoma, “stable” patients showed a low rate of progression, compared to “evolutive” subgroup with a common rate around ‐0.80dB/year. These values could represent a landmark of evolution in glaucoma.
Vibrational Control in the Reaction of Methane with Atomic Chlorine (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTVibrational Control in the Reaction of Methane with Atomic ChlorineZee Hwan Kim, Hans A. Bechtel, and Richard N. ZareView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305-5080 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 50, 12714–12715Publication Date (Web):November 20, 2001Publication History Received27 September 2001Published online20 November 2001Published inissue 19 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja017180chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja017180crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views497Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Chemical reactions,Hydrocarbons,Oscillation,Reagents Get e-Alerts
Experimental Realization of Self-Guiding Unidirectional Electromagnetic Edge States (2011)

We present an experimental demonstration of self-guiding electromagnetic edge states existing along the zigzag edge of a honeycomb magnetic photonic crystal. These edge states are shown to possess unidirectional propagation characteristics that are robust against various types of defects and obstacles. In particular, they allow for the unidirectional transport of electromagnetic energy without requiring an ancillary cladding layer.
Comparison of Anti‐Heat Shock Protein 70 (Anti‐hsp70) and Anti‐68‐kDa Inner Ear Protein in the Sera of Patients with Meniere's Disease (1997)

The 68-kDa antigen detected in the sera of patients with autoimmune inner ear disease is known to represent the highly inducible heat shock protein 70 (hsp70). To evaluate the existence of anti-hsp70 in the sera of patients with Meniere's disease and to develop a more reliable method to detect this antibody, the sera of patients and controls were examined. Bovine kidney (MDBK) cells were cultured and some of them were heat shocked. Proteins in the cells were separated using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sera were reacted simultaneously with the blots of non-heat-shocked cells and heat-shocked cells. The serum was considered positive if the band in the 70-kDa location was denser in the lane with heat-shocked cells relative to non-heat-shocked cells. Presence of the antibody against the 68-kDa protein was compared with the result of immunoblotting with MDBK cells. In immunoblotting with MDBK cells, 33.3% of patients with Meniere's disease had anti-hsp70, while in the control group, only 5% had this antibody. Of the 60 cases, 13 were positive against both hsp70 and the 68-kDa protein, whereas 7 were positive only against hsp70 and 6 only against the 68-kDa protein. These differences appeared to result from the greater sensitivity of the differential anti-hsp assay and from difficulties in interpreting the results in blots with bovine inner ear extracts because of faint, broad, or overlapping multiple bands. Quite a number of patients with Meniere's disease have anti-hsp70, and it may be indicative of an immune etiology of the disease. The Western blot using heat-shocked and non-heat-shocked cells could be a reliable method to detect this antibody.
Injectable and rapid‐setting calcium phosphate bone cement with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (2005)

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) sets in situ with intimate adaptation to the contours of defect surfaces, and forms an implant having a structure and composition similar to hydroxyapatite, the putative mineral in teeth and bones. The objective of the present study was to develop an injectable CPC using dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) with a high solubility for rapid setting. Two agents were incorporated to impart injectability and fast-hardening to the cement: a hardening accelerator (sodium phosphate) and a gelling agent (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC). The cement with DCPD was designated as CPC(D), and the conventional cement was referred to as CPC(A). Using water without sodium phosphate, CPC(A) had a setting time of 82 +/- 6 min. In contrast, CPC(D) exhibited rapid setting with a time of 17 +/- 1 min. At 0.2 mol/L sodium phosphate, setting time for CPC(D) was 15 +/- 1 min, significantly faster than 40 +/- 2 min for CPC(A) (Tukey's at 0.95). Sodium phosphate decreased the paste injectability (measured as the paste mass extruded from the syringe divided by the original paste mass inside the syringe). However, the addition of HPMC dramatically increased the paste injectability. For CPC(D), the injectability was increased from 65% +/- 12% without HPMC to 98% +/- 1% with 1% HPMC. Injectability of CPC(A) was also doubled to 99% +/- 1%. The injectable and rapid-setting CPC(D) possessed flexural strength and elastic modulus values overlapping the reported values for sintered porous hydroxyapatite implants and cancellous bone. In summary, the rapid setting and relatively high strength and elastic modulus of CPC(D) should help the graft to quickly attain strength and geometrical integrity within a short period of time postoperatively. Furthermore, the injectability of CPC(D) may have potential for procedures involving defects with limited accessibility or narrow cavities, when there is a need for precise placement of the paste, and when using minimally invasive surgical techniques.
Atomic model for neutral and singly ionized uranium. [eV range] (1979)

A model for the atomic levels above ground state in neutral, U/sup 0/, and singly ionized, U/sup +/, uranium is described based on identified atomic transitions. 168 states are found in U/sup 0/, and 95 in U/sup +/. A total of 1581 atomic transitions are used to complete this process. Also discussed are the atomic inverse lifetimes and line widths for the radiative transitions as well as the electron collisional cross sections. 3 figures, 3 tables.
Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Media Piracy (2018)

Pay TV has evolved from a walled garden, set-top box model to include online services. Although there are numerous operator and consumer benefits that result from this shift, it also opens up tremendous piracy threats that are a nightmare to control. The sheer volume of information being shared in a more open environment means that manpower alone is insufficient to process and detect threats effectively. As artificial intelligence (AI) technology develops in the media space, its application in security must focus on more than closing gaps and locking down assets. Security threats must be spotted and managed faster and more efficiently, before a security instance even occurs. In this paper, we explain how to leverage AI to fight piracy by using content monitoring solutions that search and identify pirated content on the internet. At the core of this technology is an AI-powered computer vision system that identifies the original source of distributed content based on the visual information present in the image (e.g., broadcaster logo). We cover practical issues around building such a system, including its workflow, training, and performance. <disp-quote xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, we explain how to leverage AI to fight piracy by using content monitoring solutions that search and identify pirated content on the internet. </disp-quote>
Study of current collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs passivated with sputter-deposited SiO<inf>2</inf> and SiN<inf>x</inf> (2014)

This paper describes comparative study of current collapse in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) passivated with sputter-deposited SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> dielectrics. The pulsed I-V measurements are employed to characterize switching response of the devices. It is found that the degree of current collapse for the SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> -passivated device is superior to that for the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -passivated device.
Disulfide- and Thiol-Incorporating Copper Catenanes: Synthesis, Deposition onto Gold, and Surface Studies (2002)

Two new copper-complexed [2]catenanes have been prepared, both of which consist of two different interlocking rings. In both cases, one of the rings incorporates a disulfide bridge. The other ring contains either a single chelate (phen=1,10-phenanthroline, a bidentate ligand) or two different chelates (phen and terpy, 2,2',6',2"-terpyridine, a tridentate chelate). Deposition of these two complexes on a gold electrode surface was carried out by standard procedures, leading to reductive cleavage of the S-S bridge. The adsorbed species can be viewed as [2]catenanes for which the gold atoms of the electrode surface are an integral fragment of one of the two rings. They yield clear electrochemical responses, but no motion is observed for the catenane incorporating a phen unit and a terpy fragment in one of the two rings, regardless of the metal oxidation state. This is at odds with the behavior of the parent compound in solution, which undergoes ring-gliding motions upon electrochemical reduction or oxidation of the copper center. Near-field microscopy was used to study the deposited layers (STM and AFM). STM images suggest that the molecules do not tend to order at long range on the surface. Polarization modulation-infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) led to promising results: the two catenanes deposited are likely to be oriented perpendicular to the gold surface. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2111/2002/f3636_s.pdf or from the author. 1: Infrared spectra of [Cu.2]+ as a powder (black line, transmission IR spectroscopy) and as a SAM on gold (dotted line, PM-IRRAS). (Spectra offset and scaled for clarity; significant peaks marked with an asterisk.) 2: STM image (819x819 nm2) of a monolayer of [Cu.3]+ on Au(111) on mica.
Double-Helical Tiled Chain Structure of the Twist-Bend Liquid Crystal phase in CB7CB (2017)

The twist-bend nematic liquid crystal phase is a three-dimensional fluid in which achiral bent molecules spontaneously form an orientationally ordered macroscopically chiral heliconical winding of molecular scale pitch, in absence of positional ordering. Here we characterize the structure of the ground state of the twist-bend phase of the bent dimer CB7CB and its mixtures with 5CB over a wide range of concentrations and temperatures, showing that the contour length along the molecular direction for a single turn of the helix is approximately equal to 2πRmol, where Rmol is the radius of bend curvature of a single all-trans CB7CB molecule. This relation emerges from a model which simply relates the macroscopic characteristics of the helical structure, which is mostly biaxial twist and has little bend, to the bent molecular shape. This connection comes about through the presence in the fluid of self-assembled oligomer-like correlations of interlocking molecules, arising from the nanosegregation of rigid and flexible molecular subcomponents, forming a brickwork tiling of pairs of molecular strands into a duplex double-helical chain.
Correlating preclinical animal studies and human clinical trials of a multifunctional, polymeric nanoparticle (2013)

Nanoparticles are currently being investigated in a number of human clinical trials. As information on how nanoparticles function in humans is difficult to obtain, animal studies that can be correlative to human behavior are needed to provide guidance for human clinical trials. Here, we report correlative studies on animals and humans for CRLX101, a 20- to 30-nm-diameter, multifunctional, polymeric nanoparticle containing camptothecin (CPT). CRLX101 is currently in phase 2 clinical trials, and human data from several of the clinical investigations are compared with results from multispecies animal studies. The pharmacokinetics of polymer-conjugated CPT (indicative of the CRLX101 nanoparticles) in mice, rats, dogs, and humans reveal that the area under the curve scales linearly with milligrams of CPT per square meter for all species. Plasma concentrations of unconjugated CPT released from CRLX101 in animals and humans are consistent with each other after accounting for differences in serum albumin binding of CPT. Urinary excretion of polymer-conjugated CPT occurs primarily within the initial 24 h after dosing in animals and humans. The urinary excretion dynamics of polymer-conjugated and unconjugated CPT appear similar between animals and humans. CRLX101 accumulates into solid tumors and releases CPT over a period of several days to give inhibition of its target in animal xenograft models of cancer and in the tumors of humans. Taken in total, the evidence provided from animal models on the CRLX101 mechanism of action suggests that the behavior of CRLX101 in animals is translatable to humans.
Investigations on multicolor display by organic luminescent devices with optical microcavity structure (1995)

Abstract The emitted light of an organic electroluminescent (EL) device has a narrow half‐width in its spectrum and its intensity is high if a semitransparent mirror is placed on the light‐emitting side and the optical distance between the mirror and a metal electrode is set on the order of the emitting wavelength. This phenomenon is believed to be due to microcavity formation. This paper shows that device characteristics can be explained qualitatively by equations derived from the propagations. It is also shown that it is possible to obtain different colors from the same device material using this characteristic. The basic device structure for multicolor display will be shown. The dependence of luminescence on the detecting angle is theoretically and experimentally confirmed, and it is concluded that the device can be used for display applications.
Quasi Inverse Class-F X-Band Highly Efficient Power Amplifier with 51.8% Peak PAE in SiGe (2019)

This paper presents a compact quasi inverse class-F highly efficient power amplifier (PA) based on the 130 nm SiGe technology. The purpose is to drive high output power with high power added efficiency (PAE) over the X-band, while ensuring a good amplitude and phase linearity. To do that, a differential cascode topology with low base impedance has been used. Measured results exhibit 51.8% peak PAE with 25.7 dBm output power at 9 GHz. To our knowledge, this PA demonstrates the highest efficiency with linear behaviour among Si-based X-band power amplifiers found in literature.
Enhanced Performance of Blended Polymer Excipients in Delivering a Hydrophobic Drug through the Synergistic Action of Micelles and HPMCAS (2017)

Blends of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) and dodecyl (C<sub>12</sub>)-tailed poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) were systematically explored as a model system to dispense the active ingredient phenytoin by rapid dissolution, followed by the suppression of drug crystallization for an extended period. Dynamic and static light scattering revealed that C<sub>12</sub>-PNIPAm polymers, synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization, self-assembled into micelles with dodecyl cores in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 6.5). A synergistic effect on drug supersaturation was documented during in vitro dissolution tests by varying the blending ratio, with HPMACS primarily aiding in rapid dissolution and PNIPAm maintaining supersaturation. Polarized light and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy experiments revealed that C<sub>12</sub>-PNIPAm micelles maintain drug supersaturation by inhibiting both crystal nucleation and growth. Cross-peaks between the phenyl group of phenytoin and the isopropyl group of C<sub>12</sub>-PNIPAm in 2D <sup>1</sup>H nuclear Overhauser effect (NOESY) spectra confirmed the existence of drug-polymer intermolecular interactions in solution. Phenytoin and polymer diffusion coefficients, measured by diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY), demonstrated that the drug-polymer association constant increased with increasing local density of the corona chains, coincident with a reduction in C<sub>12</sub>-PNIPAm molecular weight. These findings demonstrate a new strategy for exploiting the versatility of polymer blends through the use of self-assembled micelles in the design of advanced excipients.
Distributed Estimation under Bandwidth and Energy Constraints (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Distributed Quantization-Estimation Maximum Likelihood Estimation Unknown Noise pdf Estimation of Vector Parameters Maximum a Posteriori Probability Estimation Dimensionality Reduction for Distributed Estimation Distortion-Rate Analysis Conclusion Further Reading Bibliography