gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ion-exchange doped polymers at the degenerate limit: what limits conductivity at 100% doping efficiency? (2021)

Doping of semiconducting polymers has seen a surge in research interest driven by emerging applications in sensing, bioelectronics and thermoelectrics. A recent breakthrough was a doping technique based on ion-exchange, which separates the redox and charge compensation steps of the doping process. The improved microstructural control this process allows enables us for the first time to systematically address a longstanding but still poorly understood question: what limits the electrical conductivity at high doping levels? Is it the formation of charge carrier traps in the Coulomb potentials of the counterions, or is it the structural disorder in the polymer lattice? Here, we apply ion-exchange doping to several classes of high mobility conjugated polymers and identify experimental conditions that achieve near 100% doping efficiency under degenerate conditions with nearly 1 charge per monomer. We demonstrate very high conductivities up to 1200 S/cm in semicrystalline polymer systems, and show that in this regime conductivity is poorly correlated with ionic size, but strongly correlated with paracrystalline disorder. This observation, backed by a detailed electronic structure model that incorporates ion-hole and hole-hole interactions and a carefully parameterized model of disorder, indicates that trapping by dopant ions is negligible, and that maximizing crystalline order is critical to improving conductivity.
RNA: Opening New Doors in Medicinal Chemistry (2020)

RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTRNA: Opening New Doors in Medicinal ChemistryAmanda L. Garner*Amanda L. GarnerMore by Amanda L. Garnerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-3347 and Stevan W. DjuricStevan W. DjuricMore by Stevan W. DjuricCite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 9, 1659–1660Publication Date (Web):August 19, 2020Publication History Published online19 August 2020Published inissue 10 September 2020https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00421Copyright © 2020 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2733Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (540 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Medicinal chemistry,Targeting,Biology,Pharmaceuticals,Genetics Get e-Alerts
High-throughput optical coherence tomography at 800 nm (2012)

We report high-throughput optical coherence tomography (OCT) that offers 1,000 times higher axial scan rate than conventional OCT in the 800 nm spectral range. This is made possible by employing photonic time-stretch for chirping a pulse train and transforming it into a passive swept source. We demonstrate a record high axial scan rate of 90.9 MHz. To show the utility of our method, we also demonstrate real-time observation of laser ablation dynamics. Our high-throughput OCT is expected to be useful for industrial applications where the speed of conventional OCT falls short.
The quail as an avian model system: its genome provides insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response (2019)

ABSTRACT The Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research. We have produced a high-quality quail genome sequence, spanning 0.93 Gb assigned to 33 chromosomes. In terms of contiguity, assembly statistics, gene content and chromosomal organization, the quail genome shows high similarity to the chicken genome. We demonstrate the utility of this genome through three diverse applications. First, we identify selection signatures and candidate genes associated with social behaviour in the quail genome, an important agricultural and domestication trait. Second, we investigate the effects and interaction of photoperiod and temperature on the transcriptome of the quail medial basal hypothalamus, revealing key mechanisms of photoperiodism. Finally, we investigate the response of quail to H5N1 influenza infection. In quail lung, many critical immune genes and pathways were downregulated, and this may be key to the susceptibility of quail to H5N1. This genome will facilitate further research into diverse research questions using the quail as a model avian species.
Dendrimer therapeutics: covalent and ionic attachments (2011)

This concise review focuses on dendrimers functionalized by different linkers required for covalent and ionic attachments of drugs to the dendrimer's surface and highlights the importance of the chemical nature of linkers for controlled release of free drugs. The stability of linkers under physiological conditions and their lability under acidic conditions such as those of endosomes and lysosomes or under enzymatic conditions will be discussed. Especially, we review functionality of the most recently reported drug–dendrimer conjugates. Then, we give a short comparison of dendrimer conjugates versus either dendrimer complexes or polymer therapeutics and finally we briefly summarize the importance of both targeted and nontargeted covalently conjugated drugs.
Verification techniques for policy based systems (2017)

Verification techniques are applied to policy based systems to ensure design correctness and to aid in the discovery of errors at an early stage of the development life cycle. A primary goal of policy verification is to evaluate the policy's validity. Other analyses on policy based systems include the identification of conflicting policies and policy efficiency evaluation and improvement. In this work, we present a discussion and classification of recent research on verification techniques for policy based systems. We analyse several techniques and identify popular supporting verification tools. An evaluation of the benefits and drawbacks of the existing policy analyses is made. Some of the common identified problems were the significant need of computational power, the limitation of the techniques to particular policy model, which restrict their extension to other policy models and the lack of efficient conflicts resolution methods. We use the evaluation results for discussing the further challenges and future research directions that will be faced by policy verification techniques. In particular, we discuss specific requirements concerning verification techniques for coalition policies systems and autonomous decision making.
CCD survey with the CMASF from the Southern Hemisphere (2007)

Abstract A subcatalogue with positions and magnitudes of stars brighter than V = 16 and declinations between −30° and 0° is presented. The observations have been carried out with the Círculo Meridiano Automático de San Fernando at the Carlos Ulrrico Cesco Observatory in San Juan (Argentina) in the framework of an agreement between the ROA and the OAFA. The final goal of this collaboration is to publish a survey of positions and magnitudes of stars brighter than V = 16 and with declinations between −55° and +30°.
Nanoscale properties of melting at the surface of semiconductors (2005)

In this study, we use density-functional simulations to investigate how nanoscale surface coatings can alter the melting dynamics of semiconductor surfaces. We demonstrate that a single-monolayer coating of GaAs can dramatically reduce the diffusive motion of the surface atoms of a Ge(110) crystal and cause superheating of the bulk at temperatures well above the Ge melting point on the 10 ps time scale. In direct contrast, a single-monolayer coating of Ge will induce surface melting of a GaAs(110) structure 300 K below the GaAs melting point. We also identify a metallization of the band structure and bond alterations in the charge density near the melting transition. In addition, we suggest that the Ge monolayer causes the GaAs(110) surface to melt through transient penetration of the Ge atoms into the bulk, which locally initiates the collective diffusive motion of large groups of Ga and As atoms. These studies on the effect of coatings in semiconductors clearly point to the surface material as the dominant determinant of the melting characteristics of a hybrid structure. These simulations have important implications for high-temperature materials design while simultaneously probing the fundamental features of the melting transition.
Correlations between SFG Spectra and Electrical Properties of Organic Field Effect Transistors (2007)

Simultaneous sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectra and electrical measurements were obtained on organic field effect transistors (OFETs) fabricated with the semiconductors: 5,5‘-bis(4-hexylphenyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene (6pttp6), 5,5‘-bis(4-ethylphenyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene (2pttp2), and pentacene. In-situ measurements during gating of the OFETs showed strong correlations between vibrational spectra and electronic properties. One correlation involved structural changes in the hexyl and ethyl groups, of 6pttp6 and 2pttp2, respectively, and saturation source-drain current; the correlation was observed only at negative gate voltages (when carrier injection was possible) and was more pronounced for 6pttp6, with the introduction of gauche defects in the longer hexyl chains. A second correlation between the dependence of SF nonresonant background on gate voltage and electronic mobility was observed on OFETs of all three semiconductors, at both positive and negative gate voltages. This correlation suggests that a common molecular structural packing element may determine the magnitude of both the electronic mobility and higher order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in oligomeric thin films. These results also demonstrate the utility of SFG in probing molecular structural and electrical field effects at the buried semiconductor−dielectric interface of OFETs.
Spectroscopic insights into the role of CO2 on the nature of Cr species in a CrOX/Al2O3 catalysts during ethane dehydrogenation with CO2 (2023)

The dehydrogenation of ethane with CO2 was studied on CrOx/Al2O3 catalysts (8 wt% of CrOx) in the 600–675 °C temperature range. The role of CO2 was determined by comparison with catalytic and spectroscopic data of ethane dehydrogenation without CO2. Characterization of fresh catalyst suggested an intimate interaction of Cr and support. Moreover, in situ Raman spectroscopic analysis combined with XPS studies done on reaction exposed samples indicated changes in both the nature of active Cr species and the reaction mechanism depending on the reaction conditions (i.e., presence/absence of CO2, and the reaction temperature). At lower temperatures (600–625 °C), CO2 promotes the re-oxidation of Cr3+ to Cr6+ favoring the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) route. While at higher temperatures (650–675 °C), the reaction occurs mainly via a catalytic dehydrogenation mechanism, as CO2 is no longer capable of re-oxidizing Cr3+ to Cr6+, with CO2 inhibiting partially the formation of coke.
Applying Link Analysis on Automatically Extracted Information from Texts Within KNOW-IT 1 (.KNOWledge Base _Information Tools) (1998)

A robust information extraction system, which can accurately and rapidly convert vast amounts of textual data into a semantic network type knowledge representation scheme, will be a useful preprocessor for
Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum with ATLAS using s=13 TeV proton–proton collisions (2016)

Results are reported of a search for new phenomena, such as supersymmetric particle production, that could be observed in high-energy proton-proton collisions. Events with large numbers of jets, together with missing transverse momentum from unobserved particles, are selected. The data analysed were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2015 using the 13 TeV centre-of-mass proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb -1 . The search selected events with various jet multiplicities from 7 to 10 jets, and with various b-jet multiplicity requirements to enhance sensitivity. No excess above Standard Model expectations is observed. The results are interpreted within two supersymmetry models, where gluino masses up to 1400 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, significantly extending previous limits.
Novel conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies against amyloidogenic forms of transthyretin (2016)

Conformation-specific anti-TTR antibodies selectively bind amyloidogenic but not native TTR. These novel antibodies may be therapeutically useful in preventing deposition and promoting clearance of TTR amyloid and in diagnosing TTR amyloidosis.
Laser angioplasty: An atherosclerotic swine model (1988)

Rapid production of occlusive, atherosclerotic iliac artery lesions was achieved in 25 of 27 (93%) Yucatan miniature swine, using a combination of high cholesterol diet and mechanical endothelial denudation. Animals were fed a diet with 2% of their calories as raw cholesterol 2 weeks prior to balloon denudation of iliac arteries, which resulted in atherosclerotic lesions within 8 weeks. Early after denudation we have demonstrated total occlusion of arteries by fibrin thrombi, which in time organize and ultimately result in fibrotic occlusive disease. The arterial walls and intima show varying degrees of foam cell infiltration with destruction of the internal elastic lamina and calcification. Totally occluded lesions show fibrointimal proliferation, fibrosis, and multiluminal channels, which are probably secondary to organized thrombus. Our model of occlusive iliac artery disease involving vessels of 1 to 3 mm in diameter allows the development of catheter systems suitable for use in human peripheral and coronary arteries. This model is useful for the study of angioplasty, whether mechanical, balloon, or laser-mediated.
Urban Governance And Policy Networks: On The Urban Political Boundedness of Policy Networks. A French Case Study (2001)

The paper analyses the changes within two policy domains in one French city. The aim is not so much to demonstrate the role of policy networks but to stress the importance of their articulation within a given political space. The paper does not conclude on the emergence of a new type of network governance but rather shows how urban political élites have deliberately encouraged the formation of policy net‐works in Rennes. That strategy makes sense in their attempt to strengthen an urban collective actor. Policy networks therefore should not be analysed autonomously as their impact is largely shaped by the interest and collective goals of the existing regime of governance in Rennes.
ChemInform Abstract: Lipoprotein‐Associated PLA2 Inhibition — A Novel, Non‐Lipid Lowering Strategy for Atherosclerosis Therapy (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Flow cytometric analysis of bromodeoxyuridine-substituted cells stained with 33258 Hoechst. (1977)

This paper describes a flow-cytometric application of the quenching of fluorescence from 33258 Hoechst stained Chinese hamster ovary-line cells due to the incorporation of 5-bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) into the cellular deoxyribonucleic acid. Cells were grown for 24 hr in medium containing BrdU in concentrations ranging from 1 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-4) M. For each concentration we measured the average fluorescence as determined by flow cytometry, the extent of BrdU substitution and the effect of the BrdU on cell growth. We determined that a BrdU concentration of 1 x 10(-5) M resulted in sufficient substitution to quench the fluorescence from 33258 Hoechst by a factor of 4, allowing discrimination between cycling and noncycling cells. The extent of BrdU substitution after growth for 24 hr in this concentration of BrdU was 64%. These data indicate the feasibility of detecting deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in whole cells using the 33258 Hoechst-BrdU methodology.
Electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation of aromatic compounds in dichloromethane solvent (1998)

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) of chlorinated benzene derivatives was studied to develop a mass spectrometry technique for qualitative and quantitative determination of their aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation products. Using conventional reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) eluents, such as methanol, water or acetonitrile, non-polar aromatic compounds showed very low response factors both in electrospray (ES) and in APCI either in positive or negative ion mode. Use of dichloromethane solvent in positive ion APCI showed high sensitivity both for polar and for apolar aromatics. Oxygen containing compounds gave [M + H]+ ions while ionisation of aromatic hydrocarbons and their chlorinated derivatives was found to be a complex process, generating mainly [M + 13]+ ions. Detailed investigations showed that ionisation proceeds by the addition of CH2Cl+ followed by HCl elimination.
The Next 5 Years: What Opportunities Should the Database Community Seize to Maximize its Impact? (2020)

The database research community has been spectacularly successful in impacting the industry and academia since the invention of the relational model. Examples of innovation in the last decade include columnar storage for data analytic platforms, cloud data services, HTAP systems, and a new generation of data wrangling systems. Despite this success, critical self-assessment by the community and identifying key opportunities for the future is essential if we are to continue the tradition of impactful research. In the Fall of 2018, following a long tradition that dates back to 1988 [1], and five years after the last such meeting [2], a group of approximately thirty database researchers gathered at the University of Washington, Seattle for two days to discuss the opportunities we have as a community for impactful research. A report from that meeting is now available [3]. The discussions in the Seattle meeting focused not just on technical challenges and opportunities but also on topics related to how we organize ourselves as a community. This SIGMOD panel will provide a forum for the broader database community to review and debate the findings from the Seattle Report on Database Research [3] as well as to identify other challenges, and opportunities that need to be taken into account.
Grating Lobe Mitigation in Ultra-wideband Phased Arrays (2018)

A numerically efficient optimization technique aimed at the suppression of grating lobes in ultra-wideband phased array antenna is proposed. Low computational complexity is achieved through efficient representation of the array factor over the desired band of frequencies and domain of main beam and observation directions. Subarray approach and fast array factor evaluation algorithm further reduce the computational cost. Significant grating lobe suppression in Cartesian and hexagonal array geometries has been demonstrated.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thymus treated by multimodality therapy: a case report. (2006)

A case report of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thymus, aggressively treated by multimodality therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, chemothermotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy is presented. The patient, a 53-year-old man, underwent potentially complete resection for an anterior mediastinal tumor, histologically diagnosed as a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thymus with Masaoka stage II disease. However, because of local recurrences in the left chest wall and pleura, re-resection was twice performed 4 years and 5 months, and 5 years and 7 months after the initial surgery, in combination with intrathoracic chemothermotherapy and irradiation. Seven years and 1 month after the initial operation, in vitro chemosensitive test based-chemotherapy using vinorelbine for pleural disease was performed, resulting in maintenance of good quality of life (QOL) due to dramatic decrease in pleural effusion. He died of tumor progression, 7 years and 9 months after the initial treatment. Although the clinical aspects of thymic mucoepidermoid carcinoma are little known, it is assumed that such aggressive therapeutic multimodalities as repeated surgical resection, irradiation and chemothermotherapy, and chemotherapy based on in vitro chemosensitivity tests contributed to long-term survival for this unusual disease.
Isotachophoresis for fractionation and recovery of cytoplasmic RNA and nucleus from single cells (2015)

There is a substantial need for simultaneous analyses of RNA and DNA from individual single cells. Such analysis provides unique evidence of cell-to-cell differences and the correlation between gene expression and genomic mutation in highly heterogeneous cell populations. We present a novel microfluidic system that leverages isotachophoresis to fractionate and isolate cytoplasmic RNA and genomic DNA (gDNA) from single cells. The system uniquely enables independent, sequence-specific analyses of these critical markers. Our system uses a microfluidic chip with a simple geometry and four end-channel electrodes, and completes the entire process in <5 min, including lysis, purification, fractionation, and delivery to DNA and RNA output reservoirs, each containing high quality and purity aliquots with no measurable cross-contamination of cytoplasmic RNA versus gDNA. We demonstrate our system with simultaneous, sequence-specific quantitation using off-chip RT-qPCR and qPCR for simultaneous cytoplasmic RNA and gDNA analyses, respectively.
Structural and optical properties of nonpolar m- and a-plane GaN/AlGaN heterostructures for narrow-linewidth mid-infrared intersubband transitions (2020)

Mid-infrared intersubband transitions are investigated in nonpolar m-plane and a-plane GaN/AlGaN multi-quantum well heterostructures. Nominally identical heterostructures were grown by ammonia molecular-beam epitaxy on free-standing m-plane and a-plane GaN substrates. A total of 12 well- and barrier-doped samples with intersubband transition energies in the range of 220–320 meV (wavelength range 3.8–5.6 μm) were grown. The intersubband absorption lines of the m-plane samples were 10–40% narrower than those of the a-plane samples, and a very narrow intersubband absorption linewidth of 38 meV (full width at half maximum) at a transition energy of approximately 250 meV (5 μm wavelength) was observed in an m-plane sample. Narrower intersubband absorption linewidths of m-plane samples can be explained by more abrupt heterostructure interfaces revealed by structural characterization, which is attributed to a higher stability of the m-plane compared to the a-plane. No significant difference in the intersubband absorption linewidth was observed between the barrier- and well-doped samples.