gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time assessment of inflammation and treatment response in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation (2008)

Eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes that degrade and remodel tissue extracellular matrix through production of proteolytic enzymes, release of proinflammatory factors to initiate and propagate inflammatory responses, and direct activation of mucus secretion and smooth muscle cell constriction. Thus, eosinophils are central effector cells during allergic airway inflammation and an important clinical therapeutic target. Here we describe the use of an injectable MMP-targeted optical sensor that specifically and quantitatively resolves eosinophil activity in the lungs of mice with experimental allergic airway inflammation. Through the use of real-time molecular imaging methods, we report the visualization of eosinophil responses in vivo and at different scales. Eosinophil responses were seen at single-cell resolution in conducting airways using near-infrared fluorescence fiberoptic bronchoscopy, in lung parenchyma using intravital microscopy, and in the whole body using fluorescence-mediated molecular tomography. Using these real-time imaging methods, we confirmed the immunosuppressive effects of the glucocorticoid drug dexamethasone in the mouse model of allergic airway inflammation and identified a viridin-derived prodrug that potently inhibited the accumulation and enzyme activity of eosinophils in the lungs. The combination of sensitive enzyme-targeted sensors with noninvasive molecular imaging approaches permitted evaluation of airway inflammation severity and was used as a model to rapidly screen for new drug effects. Both fluorescence-mediated tomography and fiberoptic bronchoscopy techniques have the potential to be translated into the clinic.
DiagnosingEstimation ErrorsinPage Counts Using ExecutionFeedback (2008)

Errors inestimating pagecountscanleadtopoor choice ofaccess methodsandinturntopoorquality plans. Although thereispastworkinusingexecution feedback for accurate cardinality estimation, theproblemofinaccurate estimation ofpagecounts hasnotbeenaddressed. Inthis paper, wepresent novel mechanisms fordiagnosing errors inpagecount bymonitoring queryexecution atlowoverhead. Detection of inaccuracy intheoptimizer estimates ofpagecountcanbe leveraged bydatabase administrators toimprove planquality. We haveprototyped ourtechniques intheMicrosoft SQLServer engine, andourexperiments demonstrate theability toestimate pagecountsaccurately usingexecution feedback withlow overhead. Forqueries on several realworlddatabases, we observe significant improvement inplanquality whenpage counts obtained fromexecution feedback areusedinstead ofthe traditional optimizer estimations.
Arthroscopic Posterior Bone Block Procedure: A New Technique Using Suture Anchor Fixation (2013)

We present a novel all-arthroscopic technique of posterior shoulder stabilization that uses suture anchors for both bone block fixation and capsulolabral repair. The bone graft, introduced inside the glenohumeral joint through a cannula, is fixed with 2 suture anchors. The associated posteroinferior capsulolabral repair places the bone block in an extra-articular position. In this article we present the detailed arthroscopic technique performed in a consecutive series of 15 patients and report the early results. We also report the positioning, healing, and remodeling of the bone block using postoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography. The benefits of this new technique are as follows: (1) it is all arthroscopic, preserving the posterior deltoid and posterior rotator cuff muscles; (2) it is accurate, resulting in appropriate bone block positioning; (3) it is efficient, allowing for consistent bone graft healing; (4) it is anatomic, both restoring the glenoid bone stock and repairing the injured posterior labrum; and (5) it is safe, limiting hardware-related complications and eliminating the risk of injury to vital structures associated with drilling or screw insertion from posterior to anterior. We believe that this technique is advantageous because it does not use screws for fixation and may be safer for the patient.
Relationship of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma to calcitonin content of pheochromocytomas an immunohistochemical study (1980)

Immunoperoxidase studies have been utilized to investigate further the previously reported presence of immunoassayable calcitonin in pheochromocytoma tissue from some patients with MEN II syndromes. We have been able to demonstrate calcitonin in pheochromocytoma tissue only in two patients with MEN II syndromes in whom the pheochromocytomas contained metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma. In both cases, the calcitonin was present only in the medullary carcinoma. We have not been able to demonstrate immunoreactive calcitonin in normal adrenal glands or in pheochromocytomas of other patients with and without MEN syndromes. Adrenal medullary cells and thyroid C cells are both of neural crest origin and both possess APUD characteristics. The presence of calcitonin in medullary thyroid carcinoma cells and not in pheochromocytes has important implications with regard to cellular differentiation and peptide hormone production.
Determinants governing T cell receptor α/β-chain pairing in repertoire formation of identical twins (2019)

The T cell repertoire in each individual includes T cell receptors (TCRs) of enormous sequence diversity through the pairing of diverse TCR α- and β-chains, each generated by somatic recombination of paralogous gene segments. Whether the TCR repertoire contributes to susceptibility to infectious or autoimmune diseases in concert with disease-associated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphisms is unknown. Due to a lack in high-throughput technologies to sequence TCR α-β pairs, current studies on whether the TCR repertoire is shaped by host genetics have so far relied only on single-chain analysis. Using a high-throughput single T cell sequencing technology, we obtained the largest paired TCRαβ dataset so far, comprising 965,523 clonotypes from 15 healthy individuals including 6 monozygotic twin pairs. Public TCR α- and, to a lesser extent, TCR β-chain sequences were common in all individuals. In contrast, sharing of entirely identical TCRαβ amino acid sequences was very infrequent in unrelated individuals, but highly increased in twins, in particular in CD4 memory T cells. Based on nucleotide sequence identity, a subset of these shared clonotypes appeared to be the progeny of T cells that had been generated during fetal development and had persisted for more than 50 y. Additional shared TCRαβ in twins were encoded by different nucleotide sequences, implying that genetic determinants impose structural constraints on thymic selection that favor the selection of TCR α-β pairs with entire sequence identities.
Low-energy electro- and photo-emission spectroscopy of GaN materials and devices (2015)

In hot-electron semiconductor devices, carrier transport extends over a wide range of conduction states, which often includes multiple satellite valleys. Electrical measurements can hardly give access to the transport processes over such a wide range without resorting to models and simulations. An alternative experimental approach however exists which is based on low-energy electron spectroscopy and provides, in a number of cases, very direct and selective information on hot-electron transport mechanisms. Recent results obtained in GaN crystals and devices by electron emission spectroscopy are discussed. Using near-band-gap photoemission, the energy position of the first satellite valley in wurtzite GaN is directly determined. By electro-emission spectroscopy, we show that the measurement of the electron spectrum emitted from a GaN p-n junction and InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) under electrical injection of carriers provides a direct observation of transport processes in these devices. In particular, at high injected current density, high-energy features appear in the electro-emission spectrum of the LEDs showing that Auger electrons are being generated in the active region. These measurements allow us identifying the microscopic mechanism responsible for droop which represents a major hurdle for widespread adoption of solid-state lighting.
Pseudo-Tris(heteroleptic) Red Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing a Dianionic C,N,C′,N′-Tetradentate Ligand (2021)

1-Phenyl-3-(1-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)isoquinoline (H<sub>2</sub>MeL) has been prepared by Pd(<i>N</i>-XantPhos)-catalyzed "<i>deprotonative cross-coupling processes</i>" to synthesize new phosphorescent red iridium(III) emitters (601-732 nm), including the carbonyl derivative Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>cis</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL)Cl(CO) and the acetylacetonate compound Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>cis</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL)(acac). The tetradentate 6e-donor ligand (6tt') of these complexes is formed by two different bidentate units, namely, an orthometalated 2-phenylisoquinoline and an orthometalated 2-benzylpyridine. The link between the bidentate units reduces the number of possible stereoisomers of the structures [6tt' + 3b] (3b = bidentate 3e-donor ligand), with respect to a [3b + 3b' + 3b″] emitter containing three free bidentate units, and it permits a noticeable stereocontrol. Thus, the isomers <i>fac</i>-Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>cis</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL){κ<sup>2</sup>-<i>C</i>,<i>N</i>-(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-py)}, <i>mer</i>-Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>cis</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL){κ<sup>2</sup>-<i>C</i>,<i>N</i>-(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>R-py)}, and <i>mer</i>-Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>trans</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL){κ<sup>2</sup>-<i>C</i>,<i>N</i>-(C<sub>6</sub>HR-py)} (R = H, Me) have also been selectively obtained. The new emitters display short lifetimes (0.7-4.6 μs) and quantum yields in a doped poly(methyl methacrylate) film at 5 wt % and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran at room temperature between 0.08 and 0.58. The acetylacetonate complex Ir(κ<sup>4</sup>-<i>cis</i>-<i>C</i>,<i>C</i>'-<i>cis</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-MeL)(acac) has been used as a dopant for a red PhOLED device with an electroluminescence λ<sub>max</sub> of 672 nm and an external quantum efficiency of 3.4% at 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>.
Tree-based machine learning performed in-memory with memristive analog CAM (2021)

Tree-based machine learning techniques, such as Decision Trees and Random Forests, are top performers in several domains as they do well with limited training datasets and offer improved interpretability compared to Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, while easier to train, they are difficult to optimize for fast inference without accuracy loss in von Neumann architectures due to non-uniform memory access patterns. Recently, we proposed a novel analog, or multi-bit, content addressable memory(CAM) for fast look-up table operations. Here, we propose a design utilizing this as a computational primitive for rapid tree-based inference. Large random forest models are mapped to arrays of analog CAMs coupled to traditional analog random access memory (RAM), and the unique features of the analog CAM enable compression and high performance. An optimized architecture is compared with previously proposed tree-based model accelerators, showing improvements in energy to decision by orders of magnitude for common image classification tasks. The results demonstrate the potential for non-volatile analog CAM hardware in accelerating large tree-based machine learning models.
Data from Tipifarnib Plus Tamoxifen in Tamoxifen-Resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Negative Phase II and Screening of Potential Therapeutic Markers by Proteomic Analysis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, has antitumor activity in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients. Preclinical data suggest that FTIs could restore tamoxifen responsiveness in tamoxifen-resistant disease. Thus, combining FTIs and tamoxifen may be a promising clinical approach after relapse or progression on tamoxifen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Postmenopausal patients with measurable estrogen receptor– and/or progesterone receptor–expressing metastatic breast cancers were enrolled. Only patients with disease progression on tamoxifen were eligible, but there was no limitation regarding prior chemotherapy or hormone therapy regimens. Patients were immediately treated with 300 mg (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 12) or 200 mg (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10) tipifarnib twice daily for 21 of 28-day cycles plus tamoxifen once daily. Serum was collected at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment to enable proteomic comparison and identify possible predictive response markers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty patients were enrolled and evaluated for efficacy: one patient had an objective response (liver metastasis) and nine had stable disease after 6 months for a clinical benefit rate of 50%; median duration of benefit was 10.3 (range, 7.4-20.2) months. The proteomic analysis by SELDI-TOF and LTQ-FT-Orbitrap identified a known peptide of fibrinogen α, the intensity of which was significantly increased in patients with progression compared with patients who benefited from the combined treatment after 8 weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Because the primary end point of efficacy (three objective responses) was not achieved, the study is negative. Nevertheless, the identified peptide could be of interest in discriminating, at 8 weeks of treatment, responders from nonresponders. Clin Cancer Res; 16(4); 1264–71&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Expression Profiling in Progressive Stages of Fumarate-Hydratase Deficiency: The Contribution of Metabolic Changes to Tumorigenesis (2010)

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is caused by mutations in the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase (FH). It has been proposed that "pseudohypoxic" stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α) by fumarate accumulation contributes to tumorigenesis in HLRCC. We hypothesized that an additional direct consequence of FH deficiency is the establishment of a biosynthetic milieu. To investigate this hypothesis, we isolated primary mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) lines from Fh1-deficient mice. As predicted, these MEFs upregulated Hif-1α and HIF target genes directly as a result of FH deficiency. In addition, detailed metabolic assessment of these MEFs confirmed their dependence on glycolysis, and an elevated rate of lactate efflux, associated with the upregulation of glycolytic enzymes known to be associated with tumorigenesis. Correspondingly, Fh1-deficient benign murine renal cysts and an advanced human HLRCC-related renal cell carcinoma manifested a prominent and progressive increase in the expression of HIF-α target genes and in genes known to be relevant to tumorigenesis and metastasis. In accord with our hypothesis, in a variety of different FH-deficient tissues, including a novel murine model of Fh1-deficient smooth muscle, we show a striking and progressive upregulation of a tumorigenic metabolic profile, as manifested by increased PKM2 and LDHA protein. Based on the models assessed herein, we infer that that FH deficiency compels cells to adopt an early, reversible, and progressive protumorigenic metabolic milieu that is reminiscent of that driving the Warburg effect. Targets identified in these novel and diverse FH-deficient models represent excellent potential candidates for further mechanistic investigation and therapeutic metabolic manipulation in tumors.
Influence of the Polyacrylic Acid Binder Neutralization Degree on the Initial Electrochemical Behavior of a Silicon/Graphite Electrode (2021)

The role of the physicochemical properties of the water-soluble polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder in the electrochemical performance of highly loaded silicon/graphite 50/50 wt % negative electrodes has been examined as a function of the neutralization degree <i>x</i> in PAAH<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Li<sub><i>x</i></sub> at the initial cycle in an electrolyte not containing ethylene carbonate. Electrode processing in the acidic PAAH binder at pH 2.5 leads to a deep copper corrosion, resulting in a significant electrode cohesion and adhesion to the current collector surface, but the strong binder rigidity may explain the big cracks occurring on the electrode surface at the first cycle. The nonuniform binder coating on the material surface leads to an important degradation of the electrolyte, explaining the lowest initial Coulombic efficiency and the lowest reversible capacity among the studied electrodes. When processed in neutral pH, the PAAH<sub>0.22</sub>Li<sub>0.78</sub> binder forms a conformal artificial solid electrolyte interphase layer on the material surface, which minimizes the electrolyte reduction at the first cycle and then maximizes the initial Coulombic efficiency. However, the low mechanical resistance of the electrode and its strong cracking explain its low reversible capacity. Electrodes prepared at intermediate pH 4 combine the positive assets of electrodes prepared at acidic and neutral pH. They lead to the best initial performance with a notable areal capacity of 7.2 mA h cm<sup>-2</sup> and the highest initial Coulombic efficiency of around 90%, a value much larger than the usual range reported for silicon/graphite anodes. All data obtained with complementary characterization techniques were discussed as a function of the PAA polymeric chain molecular conformation, microstructure, and surface adsorption or grafting, emphasizing the tremendous role of the binder in the electrode initial performance.
Multi-Agent System for Smart-Grid Control with Commitment Mismatch and Congestion (2019)

Distribution networks must become smarter. Indeed they may otherwise become subject to issues such as line congestion due to the imminent deployment of electric vehicles at a large scale. Hence, it is necessary that these electric vehicles play a role in mitigating this type of issue. The objective of this paper is to present a cooperative multi-agent system limiting these problems using an electric vehicle fleet as distributed electricity storage units.
6.1 UNSUPERVISED NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF AORTIC PULSE TRANSIT TIME BY MEANS OF ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY (2011)

Objectives: To examine the relationship between haemostatic factors, pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure (BP) and mortality in British Europeans, African-Caribbeans (AfC) and Gujarati Indians. Design and Methods: Prospective cohort study of 331 subjects (40-79 years), followed-up over 21 years for mortality. PWV, Apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), factor VIIc (FVIIc), fibrinogen and vWF were measured at baseline in 118 Europeans, 100 AfC and 113 Gujaratis. Results: 113 (34%) subjects died during a mean of 16.8 years follow-up with 57 cardiovascular deaths. Women had significantly higher, and AfC males the lowest FVIIc and Apo-A1 levels. HDL levels were lowest (F Z 3.13; PZ0.04) in Gujarati Indians. Baseline age-sex and ethnicity adjusted FVIIc levels were higher in those who died (133.9 vs. 117.6%; PZ0.03), with similar levels of the other haemostatic factors by mortality status. In similarly adjusted partial correlations, Apo-A1 was inversely related to PWV (r Z -0.23, PZ0.04). No independent associations were found between fibrinogen, FVIIc, Apo-B, ApoB/Apo-A1 ratio, vWF and PWV. In Kaplan-Meier curves (Figure In Cox regressions, SBP (per 5mmHg) was associated with a 9%, PWV a 20% (per m/s), and FVIIc a 6% (per 10-unit; HR 1.06 (1.01, 1.10, PZ0.016) increased risk of mortality. Conclusions: The relationship between haemostatic variables with cardiovascular disease is well known, however few studies report their association with arterial stiffness. The results here are consistent with the independent effect of haemostatic variables influencing arterial stiffness and mortality.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrosilylation of Epoxides Catalyzed by a Cationic η1‐Silane Iridium(III) Complex. (2011)

Abstract A cationic silane complex, generated in situ from the depicted Ir‐acetone complex, catalyzes the hydrosilylation of epoxides (I), (IV), (VI), (VIII), and (X) as well as cyclic ethers, such as (XIII), to afford the silyl‐protected alcohols, regioselectively.
Morphology and Phase Changes in Iron Anodes Affecting their Capacity and Stability in Rechargeable Alkaline Batteries (2018)

Rechargeable alkaline batteries may become attractive nonflammable alternatives to lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries for applications where achieving the highest energy density is less critical than safety, environmental friendliness, and low cost of energy storage. The broad abundance and low price of iron (Fe) make it attractive as a rechargeable anode material for aqueous batteries. Through cyclic voltammetry and post-mortem analysis, we revealed four distinct stages of Fe anode evolution: development, retention, fading, and failure, where each stage is associated with very specific changes in the morphology and phase of Fe anodes. We observed the Fe particle fragmentation resulted in the capacity increase during the initial cycles of charge–discharge. Most importantly, we discovered the irreversible formation of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) with low reactivity is responsible for the eventual Fe anode capacity fading. This unexpected discovery changes the paradigm on possible routes to stabilize Fe anodes and contributes to future development of low-cost alkaline cells.
Compact modeling of GaN HEMT based on device-internal potential distribution (2015)

A compact model of GaN HEMT is developed, which solves the Poisson equations explicitly. The model includes all possible charges induced within the device including the trap density. It is verified that the model can reproduce all 2D-device simulation results accurately. In particular, the operation frequency dependence of the current collapse can also be captured accurately by adjusting the trap time constant.
A systematic review of mands for information (2022)

Abstract The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of studies on mands for information. We used a combination of keywords to search for articles through PsycINFO® and then conducted reference and citation searches for all articles that met our inclusion criteria. In total, we identified 32 studies with 35 experiments. The most commonly investigated autoclitic frames were where and who , and the least investigated were why and how . Over half of the studies included an evocative scenario that served as a test condition, but did not include a control condition; however, there was an overall increasing trend toward including both conditions starting in 2007. The authors of the published studies reported that participants received information, which led to other reinforcers. We make recommendations for clinical practice, as well as discuss directions for future research.
(S)-(−)-N-[(2,2′)-Dimethylpropionyl]-2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyrrolidine (2003)

[145818-29-7] C22H28NOP (MW 353.44) InChI = 1S/C22H28NOP/c1-22(2,3)21(24)23-16-10-11-18(23)17-25(19-12-6-4-7-13-19)20-14-8-5-9-15-20/h4-9,12-15,18H,10-11,16-17H2,1-3H3/t18-/m0/s1 InChIKey = YUFICFYMFGQYMU-SFHVURJKSA-N (enantioselective conjugate addition,1 N-tosylimine addition2) Physical Data: mp 97–97.5 °C; [α]D −67.3 (c 1.45, CHCl3). Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents (CH2Cl2, Et2O, THF, and toluene). Form Supplied in: colorless prisms, not commercially available. Analysis of Reagent Purity: NMR (1H). Preparative Methods: the ligand is prepared by the acylation of (S)-(−)-2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyrrolidine which is available from L-proline.3 Purification: the phosphine is oxygen-sensitive, however, the phosphine oxide by-product can be reduced back to the phosphine using Et3SiH4 or Cl3SiH.5 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the ligand is stable when stored under an inert atmosphere. The phosphine is air-sensitive and will oxidize to the phosphine oxide in the presence of oxygen or other oxidizing reagents.