gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo comparison of [3H](+)‐PHNO and [3H]raclopride binding to rat striatum and lobes 9 and 10 of the cerebellum: A method to distinguish dopamine D3from D2receptor sites: A method to distinguish dopamine D3from D2receptor sites (2010)

In vitro binding characteristics of the dopamine D₃/D₂ antagonist [³H]raclopride were compared to the D₃/D₂ agonist [³H](+)-PHNO in membrane preparations from rat striatum, cerebellum Lobules 9 and 10 (CB L9,10), and other cerebellar regions. In striatum, both radioligands labeled a single binding site. [³H](+)-PHNO showed higher affinity, though lower B(max) , compared with [³H]raclopride and was sensitive to inhibition by Gpp(NH)p. [³H](+)-PHNO showed significant specific binding to CB L9,10 membranes with higher affinity compared to striatal membranes. [³H](+)-PHNO binds to a high- and a low-affinity binding site in CB L9,10 membranes; the high-affinity site was not Gpp(NH)p-sensitive. [³H](+)-PHNO did not significantly bind cerebellum left hemisphere membranes. Very low specific binding of [³H]raclopride was found in CB L9,10. The selective dopamine D₃ antagonist SB-277011 did not displace the binding of either ligand to striatal membranes but potently inhibited the binding of [³H](+)-PHNO in CB L9,10 membranes. The highly selective D₂ antagonist SV-156 showed the opposite profile. In vivo experiments were consistent with and supported by in vitro results. In summary, [³H](+)-PHNO and [³H]raclopride mainly label dopamine D₂ receptors in rat striatum, with [³H](+)-PHNO labeling a D₂(High) population. In vitro and in vivo, [³H](+)-PHNO labels CB L9,10 dopamine D₃ receptors that are apparently in a high affinity state whereas [³H]raclopride gave only very low signal in this region. The present approaches appear useful for selectively labeling dopamine D₃ and D₂ receptors in different rat brain regions and offer the possibility to demonstrate D₃ versus D₂ receptor selectivity of compounds using native rat brain tissue.
Telecoil-Mode Hearing Aid Compatibility Performance Requirements for Wireless and Cordless Handsets: Magnetic Signal-to-Noise (2011)

The interfering noise level that subjects chose for a telephone usability rating of "excellent performance" matched closely their objectively measured noise audibility threshold. A rating of "acceptable for normal use" was typically achieved at a 4 dB higher noise level, and a rating of "usable for a brief call," at a 10.4 dB higher noise level. These results did not relate significantly to noise type or to the subject's aided noise-in-speech hearing acuity.
INTRODUCTION (2005)

This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of Major-General Patrick R. Cleburne's plan for the Confederacy to train a large reserve of slaves to become soldiers, the initial rejection, then subsequent acceptance of this proposal, which triggered a wide-ranging public dispute that dominated political life during the Confederacy's final six months of existence. The objectives of the book are then described, namely the analysis of Southern arm-and-emancipate proposals, their origins and justifications, the objections and resistance that they provoked, the final form they took, and the practical results that they produced. An overview of the chapters included in this volume is presented.
Enhanced Thermal Decomposition of Nitromethane on Functionalized Graphene Sheets: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2012)

The burning rate of the monopropellant nitromethane (NM) has been observed to increase by adding and dispersing small amounts of functionalized graphene sheets (FGSs) in liquid NM. Until now, no plausible mechanisms for FGSs acting as combustion catalysts have been presented. Here, we report ab initio molecular dynamics simulations showing that carbon vacancy defects within the plane of the FGSs, functionalized with oxygen-containing groups, greatly accelerate the thermal decomposition of NM and its derivatives. This occurs through reaction pathways involving the exchange of protons or oxygens between the oxygen-containing functional groups and NM and its derivatives. FGS initiates and promotes the decomposition of the monopropellant and its derivatives, ultimately forming H(2)O, CO(2), and N(2). Concomitantly, oxygen-containing functional groups on the FGSs are consumed and regenerated without significantly changing the FGSs in accordance with experiments indicating that the FGSs are not consumed during combustion.
Air-water bubbly flow measurement using ultrasonic multi-wave sensors (2010)

Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Turkey, 19-21 July, 2010.
Review of Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) Satellite QCM Contamination Results After 8 Years in Space (2005)

The Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) satellite was launched on April 24, 1996. This paper provides an update of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) data that have been accumulated since launch over eight years ago. This experiment is the only known experiment that has provided continuous contamination monitoring for this extended length of time, and it therefore provides a unique data set for assessing on-orbit spacecraft performance. The five QCMs on board the satellite have provided on-orbit data that are invaluable in characterizing contamination levels around the spacecraft and inside the SPIRIT III cryogenic telescope. One of the QCMs, the cryogenic QCM (CQCM), was located internal to the SPIRIT III cryogenic telescope adjacent to the primary mirror, and provided contamination accretion measurements during the 10-month lifetime of SPIRIT III. Real-time monitoring of contaminant mass deposition on the primary mirror was provided by this CQCM, which was cooled to the same temperature as the mirror (approximately 20K). Thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) on the CQCM provided insight into the amount and species of contaminants condensed on the SPIRIT III primary mirror during various spacecraft activities. The four temperature-controlled QCMs (TQCMs) were mounted on external surfaces of the spacecraft for monitoring contaminant deposition. The TQCMs operated at approximately −50°C and were positioned strategically to monitor the silicone and organic contaminant flux arriving at specific locations. Updated time histories of contaminant thickness deposition for each of the QCMs are presented. Gradual contaminant thickness increase was observed during the first year in space. During the second year, the QCM frequencies (contaminant film thickness) began to decrease, with the time of decrease onset depending on QCM location. Possible explanations for this interesting behavior are discussed.
Deliverable 4.2: Report on recommendations on fragility functions for buildings and infrastructure components to be used in rapid response context (2022)

This deliverable reports an exhaustive state-of-the-art compilation of the most representative seismic fragility and loss estimation models for the buildings and infrastructure components in the testbeds (TBs in the following) of the TURNkey project, which are: TB1-Bucharest (Romania), TB2-Pyrenees (France), TB3-Hveragerði (Southern Iceland) and Húsavík (Northern Iceland), TB4-Patras and Aegio area (Greece), TB5-Port of Gioia Tauro (Italy), and TB6- Groningen (Netherlands). This activity is included within the Work Package 4, aimed at developing and harmonizing seismic physical vulnerability and loss estimation models for structures and infrastructure components within a rapid loss prediction framework. Within a broader context, it may be stated that the contents of this deliverable may also be extrapolated as a useful synthesis of the structural vulnerability standing for the entire European territory. In the chapter 2 of the document, a detailed list of the fragility and loss estimation models adopted for building taxonomies and infrastructure components is tabulated together with their associated publication/reference and a brief description of the corresponding work. Then, futher important information is syntesized in terms of type, structural typology, intensity measure, damage scale, and the region of applicability referring to each individual fragility/loss model under consideration. In chapter 3, in-depth information and discussion of the vulnerability and loss estimation models presented in Chapter 2 are provided for each TB. Furthermore, background exposure information is also provided. Finally, chapter 4 presents the conclusive summary of the Deliverable.
A spindle model for contextual object detection (2013)

Recent progresses on visual object detection manifest the significance of context information (e.g., scene semantic, object interactions, geometric cues, etc.) for boosting the recognition performance. Particularly, the object pose information has been widely exploited as important contextual cue in human-object interactions (HOIs). This paper proposes a spindle model to utilize pose information in multi-class object interactions, which is not limited to HOIs, for contextual object detection. The structural support vector machine (SSVM) algorithm is induced to learn the proposed structured model. Moreover, we present an efficient method based on K-L divergence (KLD) to refine the pose context features from potentially huge number of dimensions. The experimental results on PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively improve performance w.r.t. the state-of-the-art methods for object detection tasks.
05101 Executive Summary – Scheduling for Parallel Architectures: Theory, Applications, Challenges (2005)

This paper summarizes the objectives and contributions of a seminar with the same title held from March 6 to March 11, 2005 at Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany.
Parallelizing Julia with a Non-Invasive DSL (Artifact) (2017)

This artifact is based on ParallelAccelerator, an embedded domain-specific language (DSL) and compiler for speeding up compute-intensive Julia programs. In particular, Julia code that makes heavy use of aggregate array operations is a good candidate for speeding up with ParallelAccelerator. ParallelAccelerator is a non-invasive DSL that makes as few changes to the host programming model as possible.
O4‐09‐06: DO DEMENTIA BIOMARKERS HAVE A SIGMOID TRAJECTORY? INSIGHTS FROM NON‐LINEAR MIXED EFFECTS MODELING (2016)

Models of dementia biomarkers often explicitly assume a sigmoidal development as function of disease progression. We tested this hypothesis by applying a novel non-linear mixed effects model with no such assumption to three common biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A total of 1148 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were considered (331 normal controls, 656 mild cognitively impaired, 161 AD). For each subject, two cognitive measures (mini-mental state examination [MMSE] and Alzheimer’s Diseasez Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale [ADAS-Cog] and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampus volume divided by the intra-cranial volume (cross-sectional FreeSurfer) were considered. An average of 4.4±1.5 time points was available per subject. A novel non-linear mixed effects model that simultaneously smoothes and aligns the subject-specific trajectories [[1]] was applied to estimate the population-based trajectory for each of the three biomarkers. The three cognitive scores exhibited a sigmoidal development as function of disease progression from normal control to MCI to AD (see Figure). However, the trajectory for the hippocampus volume was linear. The commonly assumed sigmodal trajectory for cognitive scores in dementia biomarker modeling was confirmed by a disease progression model without this explicit assumption. When modeling hippocampal volume atrophy in ADNI or similar populations, a simpler linear assumption may be more appropriate. a) Age vs ADAS-Cog, b) Age v/s MMSE, c) Age vs Hippocampal volume; Green line indicates mean warped curves.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Safely and Effectively Reduces Transfusion Rates in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasties (2020)

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hemodynamic Effects of Direct Biventricular Compression Studied in Isovolumic and Ejecting Isolated Canine Hearts (1999)

Biventricular DCC can augment end-systolic pressure with no added costs of M&f1;O2. Under ejecting conditions, this augmentation of ventricular contracting ability manifests as increases in stroke volume. Thus, DCC represents a feasible alternative form of ventricular assist, and devices that support the heart in this manner should be further explored.
Web-scale table census and classification (2011)

We report on a census of the types of HTML tables on the Web according to a fine-grained classification taxonomy describing the semantics that they express. For each relational table type, we describe open challenges for extracting from them semantic triples, i.e., knowledge. We also present TabEx, a supervised framework for web-scale HTML table classification and apply it to the task of classifying HTML tables into our taxonomy. We show empirical evidence, through a large-scale experimental analysis over a crawl of the Web, that classification accuracy significantly outperforms several baselines. We present a detailed feature analysis and outline the most salient features for each table type.
Diode-pumped 2148-nm Nd:YAG/Cr^4+:YAG microchip laser system for the detection of NO (2000)

A passively Q-switched 214.8-nm Nd:YAG/Cr(4+):YAG microchip laser system for the detection of NO was designed, constructed, and tested. The system uses the fifth harmonic of the 1.074-microm transition in Nd:YAG to detect NO by laser-induced fluorescence. A significant challenge was the development of an environmentally stable coating to provide the necessary discrimination between the 1.074-microm laser line and the stronger transition at 1.064 microm. The exact position of the fifth-harmonic frequency was determined by use of NO fluorescence excitation spectra to be 46556 +/- 1.5 cm(-1). With a pulse energy of approximately 50 nJ of fifth-harmonic light, we observed a detection sensitivity for NO of approximately 15 parts per billion by volume in a simple, compact optical system.
Interleukin-1β Inhibits Phospholamban Gene Expression in Cultured Cardiomyocytes (1997)

Phospholamban is a key regulatory protein that defines diastolic function. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can depress contractility and intracellular Ca2+ currents and transients. An alteration in phospholamban expression is a possible pathway by which these cytokines modulate cardiac function. To test this hypothesis, primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were incubated with IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, or both, and the level of phospholamban transcripts was examined by Northern blot analyses. Phospholamban transcript levels were decreased approximately equal to 50% (P < .0001) in cells exposed to 2 ng/mL IL-1 beta (20 hours), whereas TNF-alpha had no effect. Western blot analyses showed that IL-1 beta also reduced phospholamban protein levels (60% of control, P < .0001). The effects on transcript levels were gene specific; IL-1 beta induced transcripts for inducible NO synthase (iNOS), did not alter GAPDH transcripts, and reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (65% of control, P < .001) transcripts. Cardiomyocytes treated with IL-1 beta showed no alterations in basal contractile parameters (maximum velocity of contraction and relaxation and maximal amplitude of contraction) but were unresponsive to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Studies performed in the presence of second-messenger inhibitors showed that the effect of IL-1 beta on phospholamban transcript levels was blocked by dexamethasone, was insensitive to inhibitors of iNOS, cyclooxygenase, or tyrosine kinases, but was enhanced by the addition of the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. These data demonstrate that IL-1 beta alters the expression of phospholamban, a key regulator of cardiac contractility, at both the transcript and protein levels. The results suggest novel mechanisms by which IL-1 beta may modify cardiac function.
A real-time heart rate analysis for a remote millimeter wave I-Q sensor (2011)

This paper analyzes heart rate (HR) information from physiological tracings collected with a remote millimeter wave (mmW) I-Q sensor for biometric monitoring applications. A parameter optimization method based on the nonlinear Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used. The mmW sensor works at 94 GHz and can detect the vital signs of a human subject from a few to tens of meters away. The reflected mmW signal is typically affected by respiration, body movement, background noise, and electronic system noise. Processing of the mmW radar signal is, thus, necessary to obtain the true HR. The down-converted received signal in this case consists of both the real part (I-branch) and the imaginary part (Q-branch), which can be considered as the cosine and sine of the received phase of the HR signal. Instead of fitting the converted phase angle signal, the method directly fits the real and imaginary parts of the HR signal, which circumvents the need for phase unwrapping. This is particularly useful when the SNR is low. Also, the method identifies both beat-to-beat HR and individual heartbeat magnitude, which is valuable for some medical diagnosis applications. The mean HR here is compared to that obtained using the discrete Fourier transform.
Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and Akt activation play a key role in angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (2006)

Angiotensin II (ANG II) has profound effects on the development and progression of pathological cardiac hypertrophy; however, the intracellular signaling mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we used genetic tools to test the hypothesis that increased formation of superoxide (O2-*) radicals from a Rac1-regulated Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a key upstream mediator of ANG II-induced activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, and that this signaling cascade plays a crucial role in ANG II-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. ANG II caused a significant time-dependent increase in Rac1 activation and O2-* production in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, and these responses were abolished by adenoviral (Ad)-mediated expression of a dominant-negative Rac1 (AdN17Rac1) or cytoplasmic Cu/ZnSOD (AdCu/ZnSOD). Moreover, both AdN17Rac1 and AdCu/ZnSOD significantly attenuated ANG II-stimulated increases in cardiomyocyte size. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that Nox2 is the homolog expressed at highest levels in primary neonatal cardiomyocytes, and small interference RNA (siRNA) directed against it selectively decreased Nox2 expression by >95% and abolished both ANG II-induced O2-* generation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Finally, ANG II caused a time-dependent increase in Akt activity via activation of AT(1) receptors, and this response was abolished by Ad-mediated expression of cytosolic human O2-* dismutase (AdCu/ZnSOD). Furthermore, pretreatment of cardiomyocytes with dominant-negative Akt (AdDNAkt) abolished ANG II-induced cellular hypertrophy. These findings suggest that O2-* generated by a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a central mediator of ANG II-induced Akt activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and that dysregulation of this signaling cascade may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy.
Optical Coherence Tomography Noise Reduction Using Anisotropic Local Bivariate Gaussian Mixture Prior in 3D Complex Wavelet Domain (2013)

In this paper, MMSE estimator is employed for noise-free 3D OCT data recovery in 3D complex wavelet domain. Since the proposed distribution for noise-free data plays a key role in the performance of MMSE estimator, a priori distribution for the pdf of noise-free 3D complex wavelet coefficients is proposed which is able to model the main statistical properties of wavelets. We model the coefficients with a mixture of two bivariate Gaussian pdfs with local parameters which are able to capture the heavy-tailed property and inter- and intrascale dependencies of coefficients. In addition, based on the special structure of OCT images, we use an anisotropic windowing procedure for local parameters estimation that results in visual quality improvement. On this base, several OCT despeckling algorithms are obtained based on using Gaussian/two-sided Rayleigh noise distribution and homomorphic/nonhomomorphic model. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we use 156 selected ROIs from 650 × 512 × 128 OCT dataset in the presence of wet AMD pathology. Our simulations show that the best MMSE estimator using local bivariate mixture prior is for the nonhomomorphic model in the presence of Gaussian noise which results in an improvement of 7.8 ± 1.7 in CNR.
Pentaprismane (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentaprismanePhilip E. Eaton, Yat Sun Or, and Stephen J. BrancaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 8, 2134–2136Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00398a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00398a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views983Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Outcomes of primary refractory multiple myeloma and the impact of novel therapies (2015)

Over the past decade, use of novel agents, including immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) has resulted in high response rates and improvement in overall survival (OS) for patients with multiple myeloma (MM); however, the prognostic significance of refractoriness to these agents when used as initial therapy has not been extensively studied. We reviewed the outcomes of 816 consecutive patients treated for MM at our institution since 2006 to evaluate the survival difference between those achieving at least a partial response (PR) to induction therapy and those who were primary refractory. The median OS from start of therapy was significantly shorter for the primary refractory group at 3.6 vs. 7.6 years for the responding patients (P < 0.001). The difference in median OS persisted when only patients receiving a novel agent as part of induction therapy were considered (3.6 vs. 7.9 years, P < 0.001) and in a 4-month landmark analysis (4.2 vs. 7.6 years, P < 0.001). The median OS for patients achieving a complete response (CR), very good partial response (VGPR), PR, or less than PR was not reached (NR), 6.1, 6.4, and 4.2 years from the 4-month landmark, respectively (P < 0.001). The comparatively poor outcomes of patients refractory to induction therapy in the current era of novel agents suggests that this high-risk subpopulation must be further studied for predictors of resistance and, when identified, should be targeted for clinical trials.