gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hard ceramic coatings: an experimental study on a novel damping treatment (2004)

This paper describes a novel damping treatment, namely hard ceramic coatings. These materials can be applied on almost any surface (internal or external) of a component. Their effect is the significant reduction of vibration levels and hence the extension of life expectancy of the component. The damping features of air-plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings (for example amplitude dependence, influence of initial amplitude) are discussed and the experimental procedure employed for testing and characterising such materials is also described. This test procedure is based around a custom-developed rig that allows one to measure the damping (internal friction) of specimens at controlled frequencies, strain amplitudes and, if required, various temperatures. A commonly used Thermal Barrier Coating, Yttria Stabilised Zirconia (8%), is used to demonstrate the above mentioned features. The damping effectiveness of this coating is then compared against two established damping treatments: polymer Free Layer Damping (FLD) and Constrained Layer Damping (CLD). The paper discusses the major issues in characterising ceramic damping coatings and their damping effectiveness when compared against the "traditional" approaches. Finally, the paper concludes with suggestions for further research.
Monoclonal murine antibodies with specificity for tissue culture lines of human squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung. (1983)

Monoclonal antibodies directed against human melanoma and colon carcinoma cells were described essentially by the groups of L.L. Old and K.E. Hellström. Reports dealing with monoclonal antibodies reactive with human lung tumors are still rather rare. Therefore, we used a squamous cell carcinoma line of the lung as immunogen in Balb/c mice and fused the spleen cells of the immunized animals with the X63-AG8.653 mouse myeloma cell line. The clones producing antibodies reactive with squamous cell carcinomas of the lung in an indirect immunofluorescence assay were recloned, and a fine specificity analysis was performed with 44 cultured cell lines of different origin. The data indicated that most of the antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies seem to be of embryonic type because of their reactivities with some of the tested human embryonic cell lines. Radioimmunoprecipitation in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is underway to characterize in more detail the antigens recognized by the antisquamous cell lung cancer monoclonal antibodies.
Novel Tau-SPECT Tracers Based on Benzoimidazopyridine for Imaging Tau Aggregates in Alzheimer’s Disease (2016)

1029 Objectives The accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in brain is one of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Because in vivo imaging of the tau aggregates may provide useful information on the progression of AD, several PET tracers targeting tau aggregates, including [18F]AV1451, [18F]THK-5351, and [11C]PBB3, have been developed and tested clinically. Resent results of clinical research have demonstrated the usefulness of tau imaging for AD diagnosis. On the other hand, useful SPECT tracers for imaging tau aggregates have never been reported. In SNMMI 2015, we reported radioiodinated benzoimidazopyridine (BIP) derivatives (BIP-1 and BIP-2) as novel tau imaging tracers for SPECT. While these derivatives showed selective binding for tau aggregates, further enhancement of affinity for tau aggregates was necessary for the development of clinically useful tau-SPECT tracers. In this study, we designed and synthesized three novel BIP derivatives with methyl (BIP-3), methoxy (BIP-4), and dimethylamino (BIP-5) groups, and evaluated their utility as SPECT tracers for in vivo imaging of tau aggregates in AD brains. Methods [125I]BIP derivatives were successfully prepared through an iododestannylation reaction from the tributyltin derivatives. In vitro autoradiographic studies were performed using postmortem AD brain sections to evaluate specific binding of these derivatives to tau. Brain uptake and clearance were measured in normal mice after injection of [125I]BIP derivatives. In addition, we tested in vivo stability of the BIP derivatives in normal mice. Results /b> All [125I]BIP derivatives were successfully prepared in high radiochemical yields (30 - 65%) and purities (>99%). In in vitro autoradiographic studies using postmortem AD brains, these derivatives displayed high and selective accumulation of radioactivity in the positive region of tau aggregates, while no marked accumulation was observed in the brain sections deposited with onlyβ-amyloid aggregates. Among them, [125I]BIP-5 which has the dimethylamino group showed highest accumulation of radioactivity in the tau positive region. In addition, this accumulation was inhibited in the presence of BIP-5. These results suggested that [125I]BIP-5 bound to tau aggregates selectively. In biodistribution study using normal mice, [125I]BIP derivatives showed high brain uptake at 2 min postinjection (3.5 - 4.3% ID/g) and rapid clearance at 60 min post injection (0.1 - 0.2% ID/g). When tested in vivo stability in normal mice, these derivatives exhibited high stability in blood and brain. Conclusions The results in the present study suggested that [123I]BIP-5may be a useful SPECT tracers for in vivo imaging of tau aggregates in AD.
mRNA vaccine-induced T cells respond identically to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status (2021)

While mRNA vaccines are proving highly efficacious against SARS-CoV-2, it is important to determine how booster doses and prior infection influence the immune defense they elicit, and whether they protect against variants. Focusing on the T cell response, we conducted a longitudinal study of infection-naïve and COVID-19 convalescent donors before vaccination and after their first and second vaccine doses, using a high-parameter CyTOF analysis to phenotype their SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Vaccine-elicited spike-specific T cells responded similarly to stimulation by spike epitopes from the ancestral, B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variant strains, both in terms of cell numbers and phenotypes. In infection-naïve individuals, the second dose boosted the quantity and altered the phenotypic properties of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells, while in convalescents the second dose changed neither. Spike-specific T cells from convalescent vaccinees differed strikingly from those of infection-naïve vaccinees, with phenotypic features suggesting superior long-term persistence and ability to home to the respiratory tract including the nasopharynx. These results provide reassurance that vaccine-elicited T cells respond robustly to emerging viral variants, confirm that convalescents may not need a second vaccine dose, and suggest that vaccinated convalescents may have more persistent nasopharynx-homing SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells compared to their infection-naïve counterparts.
New Synthetic Glycolipids for Targeted Gene Transfer: Synthesis, Formulation in Lipoplexes and Specific Interaction with Lectin (2004)

Nonviral gene delivery systems are a promising approach for gene therapy applications, despite their low in vivo gene transfer efficiency. One approach to enhance this efficiency is to incorporate targeting elements into cationic lipid/DNA complexes (lipoplexes). Ligand-containing lipoplexes have to retain their efficiency while exposing accessible ligand on their surface. Physicochemical properties (particle size, surface charge, and efficacy of DNA complexation) of the lipoplexes largely determine their gene transfer efficiency. We synthesized glycolipids with various galactosylated head ligand and incorporated them into lipoplexes. We showed that incorporation of up to 33% mol of glycolipid did not change the physicochemical properties of lipoplexes. Some of our glycolipids yielded lipoplexes whose galactosyl heads were well exposed on the surface as demonstrated by a strong interaction with Ricinus communis agglutinin. Glycolipid-containing lipoplexes gave an efficient gene transfer on hepatocytes, although no ligand-targeted transfection could be observed.
Lens-free Video Microscopy for the Dynamic and Quantitative Analysis of Adherent Cell Culture (2018)

Here, we demonstrate that lens-free video microscopy enables us to simultaneously capture the kinetics of thousands of cells directly inside the incubator and that it is possible to monitor and quantify single cells along several cell cycles. We describe the full protocol used to monitor and quantify a HeLa cell culture for 2.7 days. First, cell culture acquisition is performed with a lens-free video microscope, and then the data is analyzed following a four-step process: multi-wavelength holographic reconstruction, cell-tracking, cell segmentation and cell division detection algorithms. As a result, we show that it is possible to gather a dataset featuring more than 10,000 cell cycle tracks and more than 2 x 106 cell morphological measurements.
Combined interference suppression and frequency domain equalization for space-time block coded transmission (2004)

We present a transmission scheme that combines space-time block coding over frequency selective channels with single carrier frequency domain interference suppression and equalization. The equalization and interference suppression exploits the structure of the space-time block coding. It is shown that this scheme will provide the diversity benefit of both the frequency selective channel and the space-time block code while completely suppressing the interference from another co-channel transmitter that occupies exactly the same channel (time & frequency) as the desired transmitter.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Cosalane, a Novel Anti-HIV Agent Which Inhibits Multiple Features of Virus Reproduction (1994)

Cosalane (3), a novel anti-HIV agent having a disalicylmethane unit linked to C-3 of cholestane by a three-carbon linker, was synthesized from commercially available starting materials by a convergent route. Cosalane proved to be a potent inhibitor of HIV with a broad range of activity against a variety of laboratory, drug-resistant, and clinical HIV-1 isolates, HIV-2, and Rauscher murine leukemia virus. The cytotoxicity of cosalane is relatively low as reflected by an in vitro therapeutic index of > 100. Although cosalane inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease, time of addition experiments indicate that it prevents the cytopathic effect of HIV by acting earlier than reverse transcription in the viral replication cycle. The available evidence indicates that the primary mechanism of action of cosalane involves inhibition of gp120-CD4 binding as well as inhibition of a postattachment event prior to reverse transcription.
2D CFD Studies Using Different Turbulence Models of a Circulation Control Inlet Guide Vane (2007)

The IGV in this study is an uncambered airfoil, designed to use the Coanda effect to achieve flow vectoring. For this internal flow problem, two isotropic turbulence models are compared to an anisotropic model. Good trend comparison was seen for turning angle and pressure loss performance characteristics given a nominal fixed trailing edge geometry. However, as the trailing edge geometry is modified in an attempt to increase turning, discrepancies become evident, possibly due to the effects of streamline curvature. As the trailing edge radius decreases, significant variations in the jet separation location are predicted, which translates directly into flow turning predictions. Further, one turbulence model was examined using a second CFD code to ensure software independence of the solutions.
A genetherapy strategy using atranscription factor decoyofthe E2Fbinding siteinhibits smoothmuscleproliferation invivo (restenosis/cell cycle-regulatory genes/hemagglutinating virus ofJapan/antigene) (1995)

Theapplication ofDNAtechnology toregu- latethetranscription ofdisease-related genesinvivohas important therapeutic potentials. Thetranscription factor E2Fplays apivotal role inthecoordinated transactivation of cell cycle-regulatory genes suchasc-myc, cdc2, andthegene encoding proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)thatare involved inlesion formation after vascular injury. Wehypoth- esized thatdouble-stranded DNAwithhighaffinity forE2F maybeintroduced invivo asadecoy tobindE2Fandblock the activation ofgenesmediating cellcycle progression and intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. Gelmobility-shift assays showed complete competition forE2Fbinding protein bytheE2Fdecoy. Transfection withE2Fdecoyinhibited expression ofc-myc, cdc2, andthePCNAgeneaswellas vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation bothinvitro andin theinvivo modelofratcarotid injury. Furthermore, 2weeks after invivotransfection, neointimal formation wassignifi- cantly prevented bytheE2Fdecoy, andthis inhibition con- tinued upto8weeksafter asingle transfection inadose- dependent manner. Transfer ofanE2Fdecoy cantherefore modulate geneexpression andinhibit smoothmuscle prolif- eration andvascular lesion formation invivo. Abnormal growth ofcardiac andvascular cells plays an essential role inthepathogenesis ofcardiovascular diseases suchascardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, andintimal hy- perplasia. Accordingly, amolecular strategy thateffectively inhibits abnormal cell proliferation hasimportant therapeutic potentials. Intimal hyperplasia develops inlarge part asaresult ofvascular smoothmuscle cell (VSMC)proliferation and migration induced byacomplex interaction ofmultiple growth factors thatareactivated byvascular injury (1-5). When released fromaregulatory complex withcyclin A andCdk2, thetranscription factor E2Finduces acoordinated transacti- vation ofgenesinvolved incell cycle regulation, including those encoding c-Myc, c-Myb, Cdc2, proliferating-cell
Latchup Issues for Analog Design (2014)

In this chapter, latchup in analog design is discussed. This chapter addresses solutions to avoid digital noise from impacting analog circuitry. The spatial placement of digital and analog cores in a mixed-signal (MS) chip, as well as the guard rings between these domains. Moats, guard rings, and through-silicon via (TSV) advantages and disadvantages are discussed as possible solutions to minimize both noise and latchup are highlighted. Special features, such as grounded wells, and decoupling capacitor issues and how they can lead to latchup in analog applications are also reviewed. In conclusion, I/O-to-I/O interactions as a function of standard cell-to-standard cell spacings are discussed. As technology spacings are reduced, cell-to-cell latchup will increase in importance in analog design.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Targeting uPAR with Antagonistic Recombinant Human Antibodies in Aggressive Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 41K, The affinity of 2G10 and 3C6 Fabs and IgGs for MDA-MB-231 cells was determined by equilibrium binding flow cytometry. Isotherms were fit using non-linear regression methods to calculate KDs&lt;/p&gt;
Traffic Sign Recognition and fusion with navigation for reliable determination of current speed-limit (2009)

Being able to always know the current speed-limit is a highly interesting feature both for driver information system, and for advanced driving assistance such as a smart Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) automatically adapting vehicle speed to current speed-limit. However, this kind of function can be really valuable and of practical use only if the produced speed-limit information is really reliable. In particular, it has to take into account roadwork temporary limits as well as variable speed limits enforced by LED signs, and also supplementary signs located below main signs and modifying their scope (class of vehicle, concerned lane, etc...). In order to attain the desired robustness level, the system has to rely not only on cartographic navigation information, but also on quite robust vision-based recognition of several kinds of traffic-signs, and also on proprioceptive information such as current speed, turn indicators, steering wheel angle, etc... In this paper, we present several of the required bricks for building such a reliable speed-limit support system: a performant recognition of speed-limit-signs working on various European roads (despite sign variability between country) and able to operate correctly also on LED signs and at night, good detection of end-of-speed-limit-signs, a method for effective detection and recognition of supplementary signs, and a general framework for intelligent fusion, using Belief Theory, of information deduced from vision and navigation. All these functions are implemented modularly, and have been evaluated both on real recorded videos, and by on-road real-time tests.
PEG-based gels for the release of proteins and the encapsulation of cells (1993)

A PEG-based polymer matrix is developed within which biol. macromols. and living mammalian cells could be easily dispersed. Constraints placed upon such a matrix by a desire that it be generally processable in the presence of biol. macromols. and living cells include limiting temps. to physiol. or lower, working in oxygenated environments, avoiding exposure to cytotoxic monomers, avoiding exposure to org. solvents, and avoiding chem. reactions that readily modify functional groups found in proteins, such as carboxyls and amines. [on SciFinder (R)]
Exonic Disruption Facilitates Antiviral CRISPR-Cas9 Activity for Multistrain HIV-1 Elimination (2021)

Abstract A barrier to HIV-1 cure rests in the persistence of proviral DNA in infected CD4+ leukocytes. The high mutation rate of HIV-1 gives rise to numerous circulating strains with increased capacity for immune evasion and antiretroviral drug resistance. To facilitate viral elimination while accounting for this diversity, we propose genetic inactivation of proviral DNA with CRISPR-spCas9. We designed a library of “mosaic gRNAs” against a HIV-1 consensus sequence constructed from 4004 clinical strains, targeting the viral transcriptional regulator tat. Testing in 7 HIV-1 transmitted founder strains led, on average, to viral reductions of 82% with tandem TatD and TatE (TatDE) treatment. No off-target cleavages were recorded. Lentiviral transduction of TatDE attenuated latency reversal by 94% in HIV-infected, transcriptionally silent ACH2 T cells. In all, TatDE guide RNAs successfully disrupted 5 separate HIV-1 exons ( tat 1-2 / rev 1-2 / gp41 ) providing a pathway for CRISPR-directed HIV-1 cure therapies. Significance Statement Over 38 million individuals worldwide are infected with HIV-1, which necessitates lifelong dependence on antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent viral replication that leads to AIDS. Efforts to rid hosts of HIV-1 are limited by the virus’ abilities to integrate proviral DNA in nuclei, mutate their genomes, and lay dormant for decades during ART treatment. We developed mosaic guide RNAs, TatD and TatE, for CRISPR-Cas9 that recognize the majority of known HIV-1 strains and inactivate 94% of proviral DNA in latently infected cells. Tandem TatDE-CRISPR inactivation of 5 viral exons (t at 1-2 , rev 1-2 , and gp41 ), which blocked HIV-1 replication for 28 days in CD4+ T cells without unwanted editing to the host genome, may serve as a viable strategy for HIV cure.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers with Kinase Domain Mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Sensitive to Ionizing Radiation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers with Kinase Domain Mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Sensitive to Ionizing Radiation
OC29.04: T‐shaped uterus by Congenital Uterine Malformation by Experts (CUME): agreement of subjective assessment among top expert (2019)

To assess the level of agreement among experts in the recognition of t-shaped uterus using subjective judgments from review of coronal view images from three-dimensional ultrasound. This was a prospectively designed multirater reliability/agreement study with elements of diagnostic accuracy study performed between Nov-2017 and Dec-2018 in a sample of 100 3D datasets of different uteri acquired in consecutive women with suspected uterine anomaly due to the presence of lateral uterine cavity indentations between 2014-2016. 15 blinded representative experts (5 clinicians, 5 surgeons and 5 imaging specialists) provided their independent opinion whether that the uterus was t-shaped or not regarding anonymised images of the coronal plane of each uterus. Agreement among experts was assessed by kappa index (Fleiss kappa for multiple raters) and by the observed proportion of agreement. There were 20 t-shaped and 80 normal/arcuate uteri using as reference standard the most voted option (8 or more votes) by the 15 experts. From the 1500 votes, there were 305 votes for t-shaped uterus (20%) with moderate level of agreement: kappa = 0.43 and observed agreement = 82%. There were differences in the agreement expressed by kappa among the groups of experts: sonologists and clinicians had moderate level of agreement (0.45 and 0.48, respectively), while surgeons achieved fair level (0.31). Observed agreement was highest among sonologists (86%) in comparison to surgeons (80%) and clinicians (79%). Clinicians more often diagnosed t-shaped uterus (28%) than surgeons (17%) and sonologists (16%). Diagnosis of t-shaped uterus is challenging. The level of agreement between top experts based on subjective assessment of coronal view of uterus from three-dimensional ultrasound is only moderate. Therefore, the subjective opinion of a single expert might not be considered sufficient reliable for the diagnosis and management of t-shaped uterus.
Modulation of Hexa-Acyl Pyrophosphate Lipid A Population underEscherichia coliPhosphate (Pho) Regulon Activation (2008)

Environmental phosphate is an important signal for microorganism gene regulation, and it has recently been shown to trigger some key bacterial virulence mechanisms. In many bacteria, the Pho regulon is the major circuit involved in adaptation to phosphate limitation. The Pho regulon is controlled jointly by the two-component regulatory system PhoR/PhoB and by the phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system, which both belong to the Pho regulon. We showed that a pst mutation results in virulence attenuation in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains. Our results indicate that the bacterial cell surface of the pst mutants is altered. In this study, we show that pst mutants of ExPEC strains display an increased sensitivity to different cationic antimicrobial peptides and vancomycin. Remarkably, the hexa-acylated 1-pyrophosphate form of lipid A is significantly less abundant in pst mutants. Among differentially expressed genes in the pst mutant, lpxT coding for an enzyme that transfers a phosphoryl group to lipid A, forming the 1-diphosphate species, was found to be downregulated. Our results strongly suggest that the Pho regulon is involved in lipid A modifications, which could contribute to bacterial surface perturbations. Since the Pho regulon and the Pst system are conserved in many bacteria, such a lipid A modification mechanism could be widely distributed among gram-negative bacterial species.