gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Minimizing The Number of Effective Channel Taps by Energy Optimization in Communications Systems (2019)

Channel delays and mobility cause the transmitted signal to propagate in both time and frequency regions, resulting in inter-symbol and inter-carrier interference, respectively. The filter structures used in the transmitter and receiver structures for impact shaping affect the size of the interference between these symbols and carriers. In this study, the composite effects of the wireless environment and the filters used were examined on the equalization of multi-carrier systems and the determination of the appropriate filter structure was studied. The number of effective taps of the composite channel effect was obtained as a function of the channel, the transmitter/receiver filters and the signal to noise ratio (SNR). For this purpose, the composite channel was modeled as an symbol-spaced finite impulse response (FIR) filter, then the AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) method was used to determine the number of taps. Subsequently, the transmitter/receiver filter types were determined which minimized the effective taps of the composite channel model by energy optimization in the equalization process.
Controlling Properties of Sintered Steel Powder Metal Components Using Atmosphere Composition as a Variable (2006)

The role of gas constituents in a sintering atmosphere is re-examined in order to optimize sintered properties of iron-carbon powder metal (PM) components. Property variations in sintered products are related to hydrogen concentration and dew point inside sintering zone. Discussed properties include microstructure, porosity, pore morphology and dimensional stability. Effects of CO containing atmospheres are presented in terms of hardness, carbon control and dimensional changes. It is shown that sintering atmosphere control is critically important in the case of sinter-hardenable, alloyed products. INTRODUCTION Since the late 1970's the use of Nitrogen/Hydrogen systems has become the atmosphere of choice for sintering of iron and steel powder metal (PM) parts. The original motivation for the switch from conventional natural gas based endothermic atmosphere was due to the natural gas shortages of the late 70's, however with time the additional benefits of inherent safety, higher properties, better economics and increased reliability became the reasons for the adoption and popularity of the nitrogen based atmospheres. With increasing demands on the properties of sintered components used in the automotive industry, it was not sufficient just to obtain better properties, but imperative to obtain the same properties consistently. The final properties of sintered components is determined by a multitude of processing variables such as powder size and size distribution, powder composition and purity, and the carbon content. Additional variables that influence the end results include, type and amount of lubricants, compaction densities and furnace parameters (temperature, time at temperature, cooling rates and belt loading.). Often overlooked is the sintering atmosphere as a variable. While most of the variables mentioned earlier are determined during the design stage of the component, it is the atmosphere that can change or can be made to change as a function of time, during the sintering process thereby influencing the final properties and their consistency. The sintering mechanisms and sub processes taking place inside the furnace in the presence of a controlled atmosphere include: • reducing specific surface area and rounding of pores • increasing number and strength of inter-metallic bonds • decreasing pore volume-increasing density • alloying and homogenization • eliminating/reducing lattice defects
Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of ACT-280778, a Novel Nondihydropyridine Dual L/T-type Calcium Channel Blocker (2013)

ACT-280778 is a novel nondihydropyridine dual L/T-type calcium channel blocker. Two clinical studies (AC-067-101 and AC-067-102) were conducted to characterize its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics in healthy male subjects after oral administration of single and multiple doses. Both trials were single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive design, ascending-dose studies, in which ACT-280778 was administrated as single doses of 2, 5, 15, or 40 mg, or as once-daily doses of 5 or 15 mg for 7 days. Single and multiple doses up to and including 15 mg were well tolerated, and no serious or severe adverse event was reported in either study. A single dose of 40 mg was associated with abnormal electrocardiogram findings resulting in the discontinuation of further treatment at this dose or higher doses. ACT-280778 was rapidly absorbed, and larger than dose-proportional increases of the maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve were observed. Food intake delayed the time to maximum plasma concentration and doubled exposure. Urinary excretion of unchanged ACT-280778 was negligible, and accumulation at steady state was modest. Overall, pharmacokinetic and tolerability profiles of ACT-280778 observed in these 2 studies warranted further evaluation of ACT-280778 in a proof-of-concept study in patients with hypertension.
Backpressure Equation for Layered Gas Reservoirs (2011)

Abstract This paper presents a backpressure equation (BPE) for wells producing from layered gas reservoirs with or without communication. The proposed BPE handles backflow between the layers through the wellbore for non-communicating layered systems, and accurately describes performance of wells experiencing differential depletion. The proposed multi-layer BPE has the same form as the familiar backpressure equation for single-layer gas reservoirs, where the correct averages are defined for reservoir pressure and backpressure constants. The BPE is validated against numerical simulation models, as well as field data which include decades of historical production performance and annual shut-in pressures. All numerical models and field data used to validate the BPE are publicly available. This paper gives guidelines on welltest design to quantify reservoir parameters in layered systems, based on systematic studies with numerical simulation models.
Measurement of in-plane sheet thermal conductance of single-walled carbon nanotube thin films by steady-state infrared thermography (2018)

A useful and rapid method of measuring the in-plane sheet thermal conductance of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) thin films by steady-state infrared thermography is proposed in this study. The SWNT thin films are suspended between the free ends of two cantilevered silicon thin plates, and the two anchored ends are kept at different but constant temperatures to achieve steady-state heat transport through this silicon–SWNT–silicon bridge in vacuum. The temperature gradient along the bridge is captured with an infrared camera. A silicon plate with known thermal conductivity serves as a reference for calculating the heat flux, so that the sheet thermal conductance of SWNT thin films can be calculated using Fourier's law after deducting the influence of thermal radiation. The thermal conductivity of the 50-nm-thick SWNT thin film is 68.1 W m−1 K−1.
Bioassay Guided Isolation and Docking Studies of a Potential β-Lactamase Inhibitor from Clutia myricoides (2020)

Infectious diseases are the second major cause of death worldwide, and the ability to resist multiple classes of antibiotics is the key factor in enabling pathogenic organisms to survive and spread in the nosocomial environment. Unfortunately, the available β-lactamase inhibitors are not efficient against β-lactamase B, C, and D which necessitates discovering either broad spectrum β-lactamase inhibitors or new β-lactam antibiotics resistant to bacterial enzymes. In this regard, products of natural origin have prompted the disclosure of new compounds and medicinal leads. Chloroform fraction of <i>Clutia myricoides</i> (Soa'bor) showed a pronounced activity against extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) strains. Bio-guided fractionation resulted in isolation of two new compounds; 2-methoxy chrysophanol (<b>2</b>) and Saudin-I (<b>5</b>) in addition to three known compounds that were identified as chrysophanol (<b>1</b>), stigmasterol (<b>3</b>) and β-sitosterol (<b>4</b>). Antibacterial and anti ESBL activities of the isolated compounds were performed. No antibacterial activities were detected for any of the tested compounds. Meanwhile, compound <b>2</b> showed promising anti ESBL activity. Compound <b>2</b> has shown an obvious activity against <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ATCC 700603 with a marked enlargement of inhibition zones (>5mm) in combination with third generation cephalosporin antibiotics. To further understand the mechanism of action of compound <b>2</b>, molecular docking was carried out against CTX-M-27 ESBL. The results showed binding site interactions strikingly different from its analogue, compound <b>1</b>, allowing compound <b>2</b> to be active against ESBL. These results proposed the concomitant use of these active compounds with antibiotics that would increase their efficiency. Nevertheless, the interaction between this active compound and antibiotics should be taken into consideration. Therefore, in order to evaluate the safety of this active compound, further in vitro and in vivo toxicity assays must be carried out.
Prospective Clinical, Virologic, and Immunologic Assessment of COVID-19 in Transplant Recipients (2021)

This study demonstrates the spectrum of COVID-19 illness in transplant patients. Risk factors for severe disease are identified. The majority form antibody by 2 wk with differential stability over time. Prolonged viral shedding was observed in a minority of patients. Reduction of immunosuppression was a safe strategy.
Performance Analysis of IP Traceback Systems with Serial and Parallel Control Schemes (2007)

Recently, there has been active research on IP traceback technologies. However, the traceback from an end victim node to an end spoofing host has not yet achieved a high traceback success rate, because of the lack of traceback probes installed on each domain. It is important to understand how to control the IP traceback systems and how many traceback probes should be installed on the Internet to achieve a high traceback success rate. In this research, we consider serial and parallel control schemes for federation of IP traceback systems to recover any failed traceback process. Also, we analyze the traceback success rate, load, and latency of each control scheme to consider the advantage of the control schemes and to determine the number of traceback probes should be installed.
An Introduction to Data Analytics for Software Security (2017)

Extracting knowledge from data using data analytical techniques requires identifying the research goal, collecting data, preparing the data, exploring the data, developing analytical models, and analyzing the developed models. The knowledge could be acquired by testing theoretical models using empirical research methods such as data analytics. Testing theoretical models using data analytical techniques requires expressing the problem to be investigated as a question, which may be divided into subquestions. The main challenge in data analytics is the availability of data. Often, the researcher needs to collect artifacts that could be used for testing theoretical models. Data collection is iterative. At the beginning, the researcher may start with an initial dataset that has a limited set of attributes. Such dataset may be provided by the entity that has an interest in the research results or was identified by the researcher. Collected datasets have often data attributes where their values are frequently missing.
P.135 Autism-associated mutations in SHANK2 increase synaptic connectivity and dendrite complexity in human neurons (2018)

Background: Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the synaptic scaffolding gene SHANK2 are strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, their impact on the function of human neurons is unknown. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from affected individuals permits generation of live neurons to answer this question. Methods: We generated iPSCs by reprogramming dermal fibroblasts of neurotypic and ASD-affected donors. To isolate the effect of SHANK2 , we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out SHANK2 in control iPSCs and correct a heterozygous nonsense mutation in ASD-affected donor iPSCs. We then derived cortical neurons from SOX1+ neural precursor cells differentiated from these iPSCs. Using a novel assay that overcomes line-to-line variability, we compared neuronal morphology, total synapse number, and electrophysiological properties between SHANK2 mutants and controls. Results: Relative to controls, SHANK2 mutant neurons have increased dendrite complexity, dendrite length, total synapse number (1.5-2-fold), and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) frequency (3-7.6-fold). Conclusions: ASD-associated heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in SHANK2 increase synaptic connectivity among human neurons by increasing synapse number and sEPSC frequency. This is partially supported by increased dendrite length and complexity, providing evidence that SHANK2 functions as a suppressor of dendrite branching during neurodevelopment.
New models and online calculator for predicting non-sentinel lymph node status in sentinel lymph node positive breast cancer patients (2008)

We present a new model developed from a community-based SLN database that uses only three rather than eight variables to achieve higher accuracy than the Nomogram for predicting NSLN status in two different datasets.
Design of high voltage tunable Shunt Interdigitated resonator based on Barium Strontium Titanate thin film (2011)

This paper reports a design methodology of tunable Coplanar Waveguide Shunt Interdigitated Capacitor (IDC) which is fabricated on a Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film deposited on a sapphire substrate. The Shunt IDC can be utilized to develop a microwave resonator, a tunable notch filter or other promising applications. The designed resonant frequencies of resonators are in the range from 11.53GHz to 17.51GHz with a notch depth of -27.72dB (S21). The measured bandwidth is around 2GHz at -10dB. The tunable range of center frequency under bias voltage is 0.3GHz for bias voltage change from 0V to 50V. The EM structure and equivalent circuit model were developed for comparison with experimental data to find out the relationship of the capacitance, and parasitic inductance and resistance.
Study of High Energy Storage Blumlein Transmission Lines as High Power Microwave Drivers (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The evolution of high power microwave (HPM) sources into practical systems requires the development of compact pulsed power that can be integrated into mobile platforms. One approach to pursuing this objective, developed by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], is to utilize parallel-stacked Blumlein transmission lines energized with a compact Marx generator. Such a configuration would be capable of driving low impedance HPM sources with a long pulse waveform. One of the limitations of this approach is field enhancement-induced breakdown at the edges of the line. Another limitation is percolation of, and subsequent breakdown of the liquid dielectric that is used in the system. This paper describes a research program that, both computationally and experimentally, is studying electrical breakdown in such transmission line configurations for a variety of dielectric materials and substrate geometries. In this collaborative study calculations are being performed using various electromagnetic simulation tools at the University of New Mexico. Liquid breakdown investigations are being performed at Old Dominion University. The goal of this research is to better understand the properties of solid and liquid dielectrics to facilitate the development of compact pulsed power.&lt;/div&gt;
Our Energy Challenge: A Lecture by Dr. Richard E. Smalley (2004)

A lecture by Dr. Richard Smalley at the workshop on "Energy and Nanotechnology: Prospects for Solar Energy in the 21st Century" on October 16, 2004.
Figure S5 from Cathepsin B Is Dispensable for Cellular Processing of Cathepsin B-Cleavable Antibody–Drug Conjugates (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5: Control spectrum obtained via quantitative LC-MS for the anti-HER2-VC(S)-MMAE ADC after 3 hours with in buffer with no proteolytic solution.&lt;/p&gt;
Time from dosing to sexual intercourse attempts in men taking tadalafil in clinical trials (2005)

Regardless of age, ED severity, or previous experience with sildenafil, most patients attempted sexual intercourse at least once at 12-36 h after one dose of tadalafil over a 12-week treatment period. Furthermore, by engaging in sexual intercourse at both earlier and later intervals after separate doses, most patients on treatment did not adhere to a fixed schedule of intimacy and thus took advantage of the 36-h duration.
Internet of Things: A Survey of Technologies and Security Risks in Smart Home and City Environments (2018)

With the introduction of the Amazon Echo family and Google devices like Chromecast and Home the adoption of IoT devices in the household is bound to increase exponentially this year. While usability is at the front and centre of the experience to facilitate the adoption and use of these new devices, security and privacy are often an afterthought. As a consequence, a dangerous environment of opportunity is available for malicious actors to exploit vulnerable devices sitting in domestic houses. Recent history shows that an attack on IoT devices can be both easy and have destructive consequences, with Internet services like Dyn suffering huge DDoS attacks that affected millions of Internet users. In addition, lots of cheap devices are being released in the market with little to zero security features. Therefore, it's of paramount importance to address the security issues in the IoT space, especially in home and city environments. Privacy and individual safety are at risk given how personal these devices are and how they are going to shape the future of society. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of current IoT technologies and security issues with a focus on the Smart Home and City environments. We discuss possible solutions for improving IoT security that not only focus on today's endpoint device security issues, but also the anticipated future attacks on data protocols and connectivity.
Resource Allocation in Low Density Spreading Uplink NOMA via Asymptotic Analysis (2020)

Low density spreading non-orthogonal multiple- access (LDS-NOMA) is considered where K single-antenna user equipments (UEs) communicate with a base station (BS) over F fading sub-carriers. Each UE k spreads its data symbol over d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> <; F sub-carriers. Given d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> , ∀k as design parameters, we characterize the resource allocation solutions that closely maximize the ergodic mutual information (EMI) in a scenario where the BS assigns resources solely based on the UEs' pathlosses. Conducting analysis in asymptotic limit where F, K, and d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> , ∀k converge to +∞ at the same rate, we present EMI in terms of a deterministic equivalent plus a residual term. The deterministic equivalent is given in terms of pathloss values and LDS-codes, and the small residual term scales as O(1/d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) where d = min{d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> , ∀k}. We formulate an optimization problem to get the set C̅* of all spreading codes, irrespective of sparsity constraints, which maximize the deterministic equivalent of EMI. The spreading codes in C̅* with desired sparsity are obtained via a simple and efficient algorithmic solution. In the finite regime, the residual term is shown to be a small incremental gain for the sparse solutions in C̅*, which is dictated mainly by d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> , ∀k values. Accordingly, we show that the solutions in C̅* with desired sparsity yield close to optimum values of EMI in the finite regime. Numerical simulation validates the attainable spectral efficiency enhancement as compared to regular, and random spreading.
Production of Hydrogen by Autothermal Reforming of Propane over Ni/δ-Al2O3 (2006)

The performance of Ni/delta-Al2O3 catalyst in propane autothermal reforming (ATR) for hydrogen production was investigated in the present study. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, TEM, and SEM. The activity of the Ni/delta-Al2O3 catalyst manufactured by the water-alcohol method was better than those of the catalysts manufactured by the impregnation and chemical reduction methods. The Ni/delta-Al2O3 catalysts were modified by the addition of promoters such as Mg, La, Ce, and Co, in order to improve their stability and yield. Hydrogen production was the largest for the Ni-Co-CeO2/Al2O3, catalyst.
Novel Diradical‐Mediated Ring Opening Reactions. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Impact of concomitant anterior vaginal reconstructive surgery on transobturator suburethral tape procedures (2012)

Concomitant anterior vaginal reconstructive surgery neither aggravates the functional outcome nor affects the ultrasound findings of TOT procedures.
Molecular Recognition of Ubiquinone Analogues. Specific Interaction between Quinone and Functional Porphyrin via Multiple Hydrogen Bonds (1997)

meso-α,α,α,α-Tetrakis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)porphyrin (1) and 5,15-cis-bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin (2) were prepared as receptors for ubiquinone analogues. UV−vis, IR, NMR, and X-ray crystal data reveal that these porphyrins bind a series of quinones with a cofacial structure linked by hydrogen bonds. The binding constants of 1 for quinones increase with the number of MeO substituents bound to a quinone ring. Compared to 2,5-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone shows more favorable negative changes in ΔG° and ΔH° upon binding with 1, whereas the interaction between 2 and quinone is not affected by the position and number of MeO substituents. Thus the two adjacent MeO substituents cooperatively act as the third recognition site for OH groups in 1 to form the bifurcated hydrogen bonding. Particularly, tetramethoxy-p-benzoquinone (4f) shows an extremely large affinity and favorable ΔH° with 1 due to the formation of simultaneous multiple hydrogen bonds; ΔG° = −7.9 kcal/mol at 298 K in toluene. The van't Hoff plots obtained from titrimetric measurement at 0.9−5.2 mol % ethanol in toluene reveal a nonlinear relationship between R ln K and 1/T. The curvature of these plots is explained in terms of the temperature dependence of the degree of functional groups solvation in 1 and 4f with a negative heat capacity change; ΔCp° = −5.6 × 102 cal/mol·K at 0.9 mol % ethanol, indicating that the solvent−solute interaction has a crucial effect on the stability of the host−guest complexes.