gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle Telematics Platform Using Multipath TCP (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The problem that we are trying to solve is how an application on telematics platform can utilize multiple network interfaces available in different electronic control units (ECU’s) in the vehicle efficiently. Although this appears to be a similar problem facing the application on the smartphone, it differs considerably in many scenarios and needs. When the vehicle is in motion, network interface availability is transient; this poses unique challenges for utilizing the available networks effectively. And also vehicle employs a power mode strategy to ensure that the battery is not drained, implying time available after ignition-off is limited. To address seamless connectivity for automotive platforms that are generally supported with multiple network interfaces, we are considering Multipath TCP (MPTCP). With the support of MPTCP, applications on telematics module can take advantage of being able to use multiple interfaces for seamless vertical handover, larger bandwidth and also to send data redundantly on multiple network interfaces. This helps in providing a high quality ubiquitous connectivity for an automotive connectivity platform.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Designing a compact high performance brain PET scanner—simulation study (2016)

The desire to understand normal and disordered human brain function of upright, moving persons in natural environments motivates the development of the ambulatory micro-dose brain PET imager (AMPET). An ideal system would be light weight but with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, although these requirements are often in conflict with each other. One potential approach to meet the design goals is a compact brain-only imaging device with a head-sized aperture. However, a compact geometry increases parallax error in peripheral lines of response, which increases bias and variance in region of interest (ROI) quantification. Therefore, we performed simulation studies to search for the optimal system configuration and to evaluate the potential improvement in quantification performance over existing scanners. We used the Cramér-Rao variance bound to compare the performance for ROI quantification using different scanner geometries. The results show that while a smaller ring diameter can increase photon detection sensitivity and hence reduce the variance at the center of the field of view, it can also result in higher variance in peripheral regions when the length of detector crystal is 15 mm or more. This variance can be substantially reduced by adding depth-of-interaction (DOI) measurement capability to the detector modules. Our simulation study also shows that the relative performance depends on the size of the ROI, and a large ROI favors a compact geometry even without DOI information. Based on these results, we propose a compact 'helmet' design using detectors with DOI capability. Monte Carlo simulations show the helmet design can achieve four-fold higher sensitivity and resolve smaller features than existing cylindrical brain PET scanners. The simulations also suggest that improving TOF timing resolution from 400 ps to 200 ps also results in noticeable improvement in image quality, indicating better timing resolution is desirable for brain imaging.
4G LTE wireless solutions for DoD systems (2011)

This paper explores standards-based Fourth Generation (4G) wireless technology that is well-suited to DoD mobile communication systems. It will focus on both the advantages of 4G and contributions by LGS Innovations, its Government Communications Lab (GCL), and its parent company, Alcatel-Lucent (ALU), including modular radio, applications enablement, and advanced security standards. Options for applying this technology in DoD systems will also be identified.
Mesh mutation in programmable graphics hardware (2003)

We show how a future graphics processor unit (GPU), enhanced with random read and write to video memory, can represent, refine and adjust complex meshes arising in modeling, simulation and animation. To leverage SIMD parallelism, a general model based on the mesh atlas is developed and a particular implementation without adjacency pointers is proposed in which primal, binary refinement of, possibly mixed, quadrilateral and triangular meshes of arbitrary topological genus, as well as their traversal is supported by user-transparent programmable graphics hardware. Adjustment, such as subdivision smoothing rules, is realized as user-programmable mesh shader routines. Attributes are generic and can be defined in the graphics application by binding them to one of several general addressing mechanisms.
Collaborative context determination to support mobile terminal applications (2002)

Mobile devices, together with their users, are constantly moving from one situation to another. To adapt applications to these changing contexts, the devices must have ways to recognize the contexts. There are various sources for context information: sensors, tags, positioning systems, to name a few. The raw signals from these sources are translated into higher-level interpretations of the situation. Unfortunately, such data is often unreliable and constantly changing. We seek to improve the reliability of context recognition through an analogy to human behavior. Where multiple devices are around, they can jointly negotiate on a suitable context and behave accordingly. This approach is becoming particularly attractive with the multitude of personal devices on the market. We present a collaborative context determination scheme, suggest examples of potential applications of such collaborative behavior, and raise issues of context recognition, context communication, and network requirements.
Optical technologies for data communication in large parallel systems (2011)

Large, parallel systems have greatly aided scientific computation and data collection, but performance scaling now relies on chip and system-level parallelism. This has happened because power density limits have caused processor frequency growth to stagnate, driving the new multi-core architecture paradigm, which would seem to provide generations of performance increases as transistors scale. However, this paradigm will be constrained by electrical I/O bandwidth limits; first off the processor card, then off the processor module itself. We will present best-estimates of these limits, then show how optical technologies can help provide more bandwidth to allow continued system scaling. We will describe the current status of optical transceiver technology which is already being used to exceed off-board electrical bandwidth limits, then present work on silicon nanophotonic transceivers and 3D integration technologies which, taken together, promise to allow further increases in off-module and off-card bandwidth. Finally, we will show estimated limits of nanophotonic links and discuss breakthroughs that are needed for further progress, and will speculate on whether we will reach Exascale-class machine performance at affordable powers.
The Tie-2 ligand Angiopoietin-2 is stored in and rapidly released upon stimulation from endothelial cell Weibel-Palade bodies (2004)

The angiopoietins Ang-1 and Ang-2 have been identified as ligands with opposing functions of the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2 regulating endothelial cell survival and vascular maturation. Ang-1 acts in a paracrine agonistic manner, whereas Ang-2 appears to act primarily as an autocrine antagonistic regulator. To shed further light on the complexity of autocrine/paracrine agonistic/antagonistic functions of the angiopoietin/Tie-2 system, we have studied Ang-2 synthesis and secretion in different populations of wild-type and retrovirally Ang-2-transduced endothelial cells. Endogenous and overexpressed endothelial cell Ang-2 is expressed in a characteristic granular pattern indicative of a cytoplasmic storage granule. Light and electron microscopic double staining revealed Ang-2 colocalization with von Willebrand factor, identifying Ang-2 as a Weibel-Palade body molecule. Costaining with P-selectin showed that storage of Ang-2 and P-selectin in Weibel-Palade bodies is mutually exclusive. Stored Ang-2 has a long half-life of more than 18 hours and can be secreted within minutes of stimulation (eg, by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA], thrombin, and histamine). Collectively, the identification of Ang-2 as a stored, rapidly available molecule in endothelial cells strongly suggests functions of the angiopoietin/Tie-2 system beyond the established roles during angiogenesis likely to be involved in rapid vascular homeostatic reactions such as inflammation and coagulation.
One-second coherence for a single electron spin coupled to a multi-qubit nuclear-spin environment (2018)

Single electron spins coupled to multiple nuclear spins provide promising multi-qubit registers for quantum sensing and quantum networks. The obtainable level of control is determined by how well the electron spin can be selectively coupled to, and decoupled from, the surrounding nuclear spins. Here we realize a coherence time exceeding a second for a single nitrogen-vacancy electron spin through decoupling sequences tailored to its microscopic nuclear-spin environment. First, we use the electron spin to probe the environment, which is accurately described by seven individual and six pairs of coupled carbon-13 spins. We develop initialization, control and readout of the carbon-13 pairs in order to directly reveal their atomic structure. We then exploit this knowledge to store quantum states in the electron spin for over a second by carefully avoiding unwanted interactions. These results provide a proof-of-principle for quantum sensing of complex multi-spin systems and an opportunity for multi-qubit quantum registers with long coherence times.
Actuated micromachined microreflector with two degrees of freedom for integrated optical systems (1996)

The growing optical communications and measurement market requires low-cost, high- performance optoelectronic modules such as laser-to-fiber couplers, tunable lasers, scanners, interferometers, etc. Unlike integrated electronic circuits, integrated optical systems require precise alignment of components. A misalignment of less than 1 pm can dramatically decrease system performance. While silicon-optical-bench (SOB) technology provides for hybrid integration of semiconductor lasers, lenses, and optical fibers on a silicon chip, it is typically limited to +I pm alignment tolerances (without externa1 adjustment). Another limitation is the lack of on-chip actuated optical components (such as mirrors, gratings, lenses, etc.) As a result, SOB technology applications have been limited to simple systems with no more than three or four components. To overcome these limitations a micromachined free-space optical platform has been proposed [ 1, 21. By combining micromachined movable optical components with lasers, lenses, and fibers on a silicon substrate, we can produce complex self-aligning optical systems on a chip. In order to function in a self-contained optical module, the micromachined components must have sufficient precision and, where required, must have on-chip actuation. In this paper, we present an actuated micromachined microreflector with two degrees of freedom and on-chip resonant electrostatically driven impact actuations.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin drives enteropathic changes in small intestinal epithelia (2022)

abstract Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins, and are a common cause of diarrhea in children of resource-poor regions. ETEC have also been linked repeatedly to poorly understood sequelae including enteropathy, malnutrition, and growth impairment. While the cellular actions of ETEC enterotoxins leading to diarrhea are well-established, their potential contribution to subsequent pathology is unclear. LT stimulates cellular cAMP production to activate protein kinase A (PKA) which phosphorylates cellular ion channels that drive export of salt and water into the intestinal lumen resulting in diarrhea. However, as PKA exhibits broad kinase activity and its activated catalytic subunits modulate transcription of many genes, we interrogated the transcriptional profiles of LT-treated small intestinal epithelia. These studies demonstrated toxin-induced changes in hundreds of genes including those required for biogenesis and function of the brush border, the major site absorption of nutrients, and suppression of a key transcription factors, HNF4 and SMAD4, critical to differentiation of intestinal epithelia. Accordingly, LT treatment of intestinal epithelial cells significantly disrupted the absorptive microvillus architecture and altered transport of essential nutrients. In addition, challenge of neonatal mice with LT-producing ETEC recapitulated the architectural derangement of the brush border while maternal vaccination with LT prevented brush border disruption in ETEC-challenged neonatal mice. Finally, mice repeatedly challenged with toxigenic ETEC exhibited impaired growth recapitulating the multiplicative impact of recurring ETEC infections in children. These findings highlight impacts of ETEC enterotoxins beyond acute diarrheal illness and may inform approaches to mitigate and prevent major sequelae including malnutrition that impact millions of young children.
Duet: Creating Harmony between Processors and Embedded FPGAs (2023)

The demise of Moore’s Law has led to the rise of hardware acceleration. However, the focus on accelerating stable algorithms in their entirety neglects the abundant fine-grained acceleration opportunities available in broader domains and squanders host processors’ compute power.This paper presents Duet, a scalable, manycore-FPGA architecture that promotes embedded FPGAs (eFPGA) to be equal peers with processors through non-intrusive, bi-directionally cache-coherent integration. In contrast to existing CPU-FPGA hybrid systems in which the processors play a supportive role, Duet unleashes the full potential of both the processors and the eFPGAs with two classes of post-fabrication enhancements: fine-grained acceleration, which partitions an application into small tasks and offloads the frequently-invoked, compute-intensive ones onto various small accelerators, leveraging the processors to handle dynamic control flow and less accelerable tasks; hardware augmentation, which employs eFPGA-emulated hardware widgets to improve processor efficiency or mitigate software overheads in certain execution models.An RTL-level implementation of Duet is developed to evaluate the architecture with high fidelity. Experiments using synthetic benchmarks show that Duet can reduce the processor-accelerator communication latency by up to 82% and increase the bandwidth by up to 9.5x. The RTL implementation is further evaluated with seven application benchmarks, achieving 1.5-24.9x speedup.
Translational Model‐Informed Approach for Selection of Tuberculosis Drug Combination Regimens in Early Clinical Development (2020)

The development of optimal treatment regimens in tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging due to the need of combination therapy and possibility of pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions. Preclinical information about PD interactions needs to be used more optimally when designing early bactericidal activity (EBA) studies. In this work, we developed a translational approach which can allow for forward translation to predict efficacy of drug combination in EBA studies using the Multistate Tuberculosis Pharmacometric (MTP) and the General Pharmacodynamic Interaction (GPDI) models informed by in vitro static time-kill data. These models were linked with translational factors to account for differences between the in vitro system and humans. Our translational MTP-GPDI model approach was able to predict the EBA<sub>0-2 days</sub> , EBA<sub>0-5 days</sub> , and EBA<sub>0-14 days</sub> from different EBA studies of rifampicin and isoniazid in monotherapy and combination. Our translational model approach can contribute to an optimal dose selection of drug combinations in early TB clinical trials.
Higher Order Amyloid Fibril Structure by MAS NMR and DNP Spectroscopy (2013)

Protein magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy has generated structural models of several amyloid fibril systems, thus providing valuable information regarding the forces and interactions that confer the extraordinary stability of the amyloid architecture. Despite these advances, however, obtaining atomic resolution information describing the higher levels of structural organization within the fibrils remains a significant challenge. Here, we detail MAS NMR experiments and sample labeling schemes designed specifically to probe such higher order amyloid structure, and we have applied them to the fibrils formed by an eleven-residue segment of the amyloidogenic protein transthyretin (TTR(105-115)). These experiments have allowed us to define unambiguously not only the arrangement of the peptide β-strands into β-sheets but also the β-sheet interfaces within each protofilament, and in addition to identify the nature of the protofilament-to-protofilament contacts that lead to the formation of the complete fibril. Our efforts have resulted in 111 quantitative distance and torsion angle restraints (10 per residue) that describe the various levels of structure organization. The experiments benefited extensively from the use of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which in some cases allowed us to shorten the data acquisition time from days to hours and to improve significantly the signal-to-noise ratios of the spectra. The β-sheet interface and protofilament interactions identified here revealed local variations in the structure that result in multiple peaks for the exposed N- and C-termini of the peptide and in inhomogeneous line-broadening for the residues buried within the interior of the fibrils.
Effect of Nanoclay on Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Oil Well Cement Slurry Under HPHT Environment (2016)

Abstract In oil and gas well cementing, a robust cement sheath is required toensure long-term integrity of the wells. Successful completion of cementing jobhas become more complex, as drilling is being carried out in highly deviated andhigh pressure-high temperature (HPHT) wells. To gain desired compressive strength and rheological properties has become hard and complex task in HPHT wells. The use of nanomaterials inenhanced oil recovery, drilling fluid, oil well cementing and other applications isbeing investigated. Being smaller in size and having a high surface area, nanomaterials can provide solutions to challenges faced in HPHT cementing. This paper presents the results of an experimental studyconducted to investigate the effect of nanoclay as an additive, on themechanical and rheological properties of Type-G cement slurry under HPHTconditions. Nanoclay based cement mixes were prepared by replacing cementwith 1%, 2% and 3% BWOC nanoclay, and admixed with silica flour, and otherchemical admixtures. The cement slurries were prepared and cured at 290°F temperature and 3000 psi pressure condition as per API 10-B. Compressive strength and rheological properties were measured after conditioning the slurry at 194°F temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions as per API standard. It is observed that addition of nanoclay at1% BWOC in cement slurry, enhances the compressive strength as compared to base mix without nanoclay and other percentages of nanoclay (2% &amp; 3%) BWOC. Further, it is investigated that nanoclay addition enhances the reological properties of cement slurry that could help in mud displacement depending on requirement.
The growth of Nd:CaWO4 single crystals (2003)

CaWO4 doped with 0.8 % at. Nd (Nd:CaWO4) single crystals were grown from the melt in air by the Czochralski technique. The critical diameter dc = 1.0 cm and the critical rate of rotation ?c = 30 rpm were calculated from hydrodynamic equations for buoyancy-driven and forced convection. The rate of crystal growth was experimentally obtained to be 6.7 mm/h. For chemical polishing, a solution of 1 part saturated chromic acid (CrO3 in water) and 3 parts conc. H3PO4 (85 %) at 433 K with an exposure time of 2 h was found to be adequate. A mixture of 1 part concentrated HF and 2 parts chromic acid at room temperature after exposure for 30 min was found to be a suitable etching solution. The lattice parameters a = 0.52404 (6) nm, c = 1.1362 (6) nm and V0 = 0.312 (2) nm3 were determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The obtained results are discussed and compared with published data.
K-2011 A Study on the Control of Fuel Spray with Periodical Fluctuation of Injection Rate (2001)

By using an electronically controllable fuel injection system with a piezoelectric actuator, the effects of periodical fluctuation of fuel injection rate on spray and combustion were examined. From the high speed sectional photographs of spray and computational results of a simplified model, it was estimated that the motions of droplets inside the spray such as catching up and taking over played an important role in the formation of inner structure of spray. The results of experiments of spray combustion showed that the periodical fluctuation affects main combustion period and luminous flame emission.
Thermal failure and voltage overshoot models for diode behavior under electrostatic discharge stresses (2018)

Diodes are simple but effective solution for Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection. In order to evaluate and simulate ESD robustness of diode protection schemes at circuit-level for integrated circuits, models of diode thermal failure and voltage overshoot for ESD simulation are proposed in this paper. These models are based on physical mechanisms of ESD events and device failure. According to simulation results, the models are shown to predict thermal failure and reproduce voltage overshoot phenomena under ESD stresses, respectively.
Preparation and Structural Properties of GaN Thin Films (1969)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. B. Kosicki, D. Kahng; Preparation and Structural Properties of GaN Thin Films. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology 1 July 1969; 6 (4): 593–596. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1315693 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search