gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-MHz In-Motion Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer System for Mobile Robots (2022)

This paper presents a multi-MHz in-motion capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) system for mobile robots. Unlike conventional WPT systems, the presented system is placed in an upside-down manner, allowing the robots to get charged by going underneath the charging pads attached to the bottom of a low-lying surface and thereby minimizing risk of human exposure to high fringing fields. This arrangement also reduces installation cost by eliminating the requirement of any major alteration of existing facilities. The proposed system can automatically turn on and off by detecting the proximity of the robot using an infra-red (IR) based sensing technique. A control methodology is proposed for choosing the turn on and turn off instants in a way that maximizes the energy transferred to the robot over a single pass. Furthermore, the multiplicity of the sensors is selected optimally to maximize the detection angle while avoiding the risk of premature detection. The proposed approach is validated through a GaN-based 6.78-MHz 12-cm air gap prototype capacitive WPT system designed to charge a Rumba robot.
Modified Direct Insertion/Cancellation Method based Sample Rate Conversion for Software Defined Radio (2007)

In this paper, a new fractional sample rate conversion (SRC) scheme based on direct insertion/cancellation technique is proposed. This technique is suitable for signal that is sampled with high sample rate and converted to lower sample rate. The direct insertion/cancellation technique may achieve low-complexity and lower power consumption as compared to other SRC techniques. However, the direct insertion/cancellation technique may suffer from high aliasing and distortion. Therefore, a modified direct insertion/cancellation scheme is proposed in order to realize high performance resampling.
A Perturbation Refinement Method for Nonholonomic Motion Planning (1992)

The kinematic path planning problem of a nonholonomic system can be posed as a point-to-point control problem of a nonlinear system. This system has the property that it is not locally stabilizable but is globally controllable. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for constructing a feasible path between specified initial and final configurations. Polyhedral constraints in both configuration and non-configuration spaces (possibly non-convex) can also be incorporated in this framework. The algorithm is based on the assumption that the system is usually controllable about a non-trivial trajectory, which is true for many cases. An initial trajectory is iteratively warped until the desired final configuration is reached. Examples of a front-wheel driven car, and tractors with one, two, and three trailers are included to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Tree Pollen Allergens (2014)

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy affects more than 25% of the world’s population and proteins from trees, grasses, and mites are the most important causes of this disease. In trees, allergenic proteins can either occur in pollen, fruits, or seeds. Trees, recognized as major pollen allergen sources, belong to certain botanical orders with defined geographical distributions and flowering periods. Tree pollen allergens characterized to date represent predominantly low-molecular-weight intracellular proteins or glycoproteins that are rapidly released after contact of pollen with aqueous solutions. Carbohydrate moieties may represent cross-reactive IgE epitopes occurring in tree pollen and several unrelated allergen sources but seem to have little clinical relevance. Pollen grains are single cells that contain within themselves the male reproductive cells, the sperm cells. The rapid progress of allergen characterization through the application of molecular cloning techniques has provided recombinant allergens covering most allergen sources, including trees.
Compensation of Head Motion in AdaptiSPECT-C Using a GPU-Based Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm: Initial Results (2019)

Patient motion and its deteriorating effects in medical imaging is well known. Likewise, head rigid-body motion degrades the image quality in brain SPECT. We developed an algorithm to compensate the head motion in multi-pinhole SPECT systems within a statistical iterative image reconstruction algorithm. Previously, volunteer's head motion was recorded by Vicon MX visual tracking system for 10 minutes while laying inside a SPECT/CT gantry. We then divided the motion into 120 intervals, each 5 seconds long. AdaptiSPECT-C, a multi-pinhole multi-detector stationary SPECT system, we are developing for dedicated brain imaging was used for this study. We generated an XCAT voxelized brain phantom emulating the activity distribution of Iodine-123 N-isopropyl-4-iodoamphetamine (IMP) for brain perfusion scan. To simulate the data acquisition with head motion, we used generic analytic simulation software we developed for multi-pinhole SPECT systems. The 6-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion was incorporated into the simulation software to realistically simulate the data acquisition with motion. Our previously developed graphics-processing-unit (GPU)-based iterative reconstruction software was augmented to incorporate motion compensation using 3D Gaussian interpolation. The rigid-body (i.e. 6-DOF) head motion was input to the reconstruction software through 120 motion intervals. For comparison, we reconstructed the motion corrupted SPECT data without motion compensation and a motion-free acquisition as ground truth. The results show that our proposed motion compensation method provides a significantly better SPECT reconstruction when compared to no motion compensation. The developed software can be applied for any scan duration with any number of motion intervals.
A Conceptual Approach to Web Image Retrieval (2008)

The aging process is accompanied by various neurophysiological changes, and the severity of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) increases with aging. However, the precise neuroanatomical changes that accompany the aging process in both normal and pathologic conditions remain unknown. This is in part because there is a lack of high-resolution imaging tool that has the capacity to image a desired volume of neurons in a high-throughput and automated manner. In the present study, focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) was used to image striatal neuropil in both wild-type (WT) mice and an A53T bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) human α-synuclein (A53T-BAC-<i>SNCA</i>) transgenic (Tg) mouse model of PD, at 1, 3, 6, and 22 months of age. We demonstrated that spine density gradually decreases, and average spine head volume gradually increases with age in WT mice, suggesting a homeostatic balance between spine head volume and spine density. However, this inverse relationship between spine head volume and spine density was not observed in A53T-BAC-<i>SNCA</i> Tg mice. Taken together, our data suggest that PD is accompanied by an abnormality in the mechanisms that control synapse growth and maturity.
Probing Protein Folding with Substitution-Inert Metal Ions. Folding Kinetics of Cobalt(III)-Cytochrome c (1999)

Ligand-substitution processes at the heme strongly influence peptide backbone dynamics during the folding of cytochrome c (cyt c). When cyt c is unfolded with guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) at pH 7, one of the axial ligands (Met 80) is replaced by a nitrogenous base from an amino acid residue; this misligation introduces an energy barrier with an associated folding time of several hundred milliseconds. A great deal of evidence points to His 26 or His 33 as the ligand in unfolded horse heart cyt c. Nevertheless, recent studies indicate that other bases (Lys or N-terminus in yeast cyt c) can act as ligands as well. We have found that the substitution-inert heme in the Co(III) derivative of cyt c (Co-cyt c) allows a closer look at the folding kinetics and the ligands in the unfolded form of this protein.
Photochemisch induziertes Proteinspleißen (1995)

Neue Erkenntnisse zum Mechanismus der Spleißreaktion von Proteinen lieferte der Ersatz des konservierten Ser1082‐Rests an der stromaufwärts gelegenen Spleißstelle durch O ‐(2‐Nitrobenzyl)serin mit Hilfe einer chemisch aminoacylierten Suppressor‐tRNA bei einer selbstspleißenden DNA‐Polymerase aus Thermococcus litoralis. Das Vorläuferprotein wurde in voller Länge exprimiert: das Spleißen erfolgte jedoch nur beim Bestrahlen.
StayFit: A wearable application for Gym based power training (2016)

Comprehensive fitness training involves both cardiorespiratory and power components. Often power/muscle strength training is confused with cardiorespiratory endurance training. However, each of them target different physiological aspects of fitness. Although, wearable based fitness trackers designed towards cardiorespiratory endurance training are available in the market, a dedicated wearable based fitness application designed for power training/tracking is still not readily available to fitness enthusiasts. With growing usage of wearable technology to manage and track personal health, it is imperative to develop health/fitness applications for wearables. A wearable based application for power training will allow the user to track build-up of muscle strength unobtrusively over a period of time. This work provides a framework and design for automatic detection, counting repetitions of strength training Gym exercises (covering all the major muscle groups), estimate personalized calories spent in each session and track power on a standalone Gear watch (both analysis and display including User Experience(UX) design). Our proposed method detects activity with ~96% sensitivity and ~96% specificity on an average and count repetitions with an overall accuracy of >95% using motion sensor data (accelerometer, gyroscope) for eight major Gym exercises. Additionally, using heart rate sensor data we have provided a mechanism to individually track the power/muscle strength of a person. This work will give further impetus towards developing wearable based systems for personalized fitness tracking and training. This will also give an option for wearable users to address both the crucial aspects of fitness (cardiorespiratory and muscle strength).
Drug Discovery: From Hits to Clinical Candidates (2008)

The H3 drug discovery process has been constantly refined from the original idea to the proof-of-concept in human. Along with the preclinical development of potent drug candidates, the need for radiolabeled H3 ligands has been crucial to study the histamine H3-ligand interactions and therefore to run appropriate in vitro binding and functional screening assays. The exponential patent application filings and public disclosures of widely diverse chemical series demonstrated the ability of medicinal chemists to identify key features for high-affinity ligands and transformed their creativity into innovative compounds. Such work has been gratefully supported by computer-aided drug design activities. Chemically diverse hits were found, as exemplified by compound 147, 148, and 149, displaying weak to moderate antagonism properties. In contrast to the classical concept “one disease—one target—one drug,” the multiple targeting approaches by a single chemical entity or a combination of compounds are often realized with marketed drugs for complex diseases.
Discharge Properties in Low Vacuum Region of Vacuum Interrupter Filled with SF6 Gas (2007)

This paper deals with the discharge properties in low vacuum region of practical vacuum interrupter filled with SF6 gas. In field, the vacuum interrupter inside the cubicle-gas insulated switchgear is surrounded by SF6 gas. If the leakages occur, the surrounding gas may invade the vacuum interrupter and increase the internal pressure. Thus, the pressures are set at 1.3 Pa to 2.6 kPa to simulate the leakage. The measurement of discharge occurring inside the vacuum interrupter was performed with a photomultiplier tube. From the result of the experiment, it is found that the pressure of vacuum interrupter below and above 50 Pa can be distinguished on the basis of the rise time, peak intensity and width of the discharge light pulse. The result reveals that the discharge pulses at pressures below 50 Pa have the relatively larger rise time of 100ns order, and larger pulse width of 2μs order. While, for pressures above 50 Pa, the rise time have relatively smaller value of 10 ns and pulse width of 0.1μs order. The result also shows significant difference in discharge characteristics compared with those in low vacuum of vacuum interrupter filled with air that we have investigated previously.
3D chip package interaction thermo-mechanical challenges: Proximity effects of Through Silicon vias and &#x03BC;-bumps (2012)

The 3D IC stacking technology with Through Silicon via (TSV) approach promises lower cost, smaller footprint and higher performance for heterogeneous system integration. 3D integration technology needs key components to be enabled: Like TSV technology, Wafer thinning, thin wafer carrier and handling technology and μbumps interconnects. In the via-middle 3D-Stacked IC approach, Cu filled TSVs are integrated after device fabrication and before metal 1. The stress patterns around TSV's and μbumps are considered as important concerns for 3D integration, as this leads to additional variability in MOSFET mobility, threshold voltage, and drivability. This contribution reviews the assessment of TSV and μbumps proximity effects on FEOL device performance.
Altered regulation of sphingolipid metabolism in the postmortem corpus callosum of patients with schizophrenia (2020)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a lifetime risk of approximately 1%, characterized by positive and negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. It has been assumed that schizophrenia is caused by environmental and genetic factors, and their complicated interactions. However, detailed mechanisms of schizophrenia pathophysiology, in particular in terms of metabolomics pathways, still remain unknown. Some clinical studies reported altered metabolism of lipids and serine in bloods of schizophrenia patients. Sphingolipids are lipids synthesized from serine, and important mediators involved in regulation of various functions such as neural functions, apoptosis, immune responses. Recently, it was reported that sphingolipid levels were changed in postmortem brains, erythrocytes and skin from schizophrenia patients. To investigate the role of sphingolipids in schizophrenia pathology, we analyzed sphingolipids of postmortem brains (region: Brodmann area 8 and corpus callosum) from patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Our mass spectrometry-based lipid analysis detected a lower content of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the corpus callosum of schizophrenia patients when compared to controls. To search for an underling mechanism, we examined expression levels of relevant genes, and found that genes for S1P-degrading enzymes showed trends of upregulation in the corpus callosum of schizophrenia, and the expression levels of genes for S1P receptors were increased. From these findings, it was suggested that dysregulation of sphingolipid-mediated functions might underlie schizophrenia pathophysiology.
Synthesis and cellular uptake of a MR contrast agent coupled to an antisense peptide nucleic acid – cell– penetrating peptide conjugate (2007)

Abstract In order to image mRNA transcription by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), two intracellular MR contrast agents were developed, which are composed of a Gd–DOTA complex, a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) sequence and a cell‐penetrating peptide. One was designed to bind to mRNA of dsRed (red fluorescent protein originating from Discosoma coral) by its PNA sequence, whereas the second one contains a nonsense sequence with no natural counterpart. The conjugates were synthesized using a continuous solid‐phase synthesis scheme and characterized by ESI‐MS. Fluorescence studies showed that both contrast agents could enter efficiently into 3T3 cells in a concentration‐dependent manner from 0.5 to 9.0 µ M . The contrast agent was located predominantly in vesicles around the nucleus, whereas no uptake into the nucleus was observed. The results of in vitro MR studies showed a statistically significant increase of the intracellular relaxation rate R 1,cell at a labeling concentration of only 0.5 µ M , thus contrast enhancement was detectable too. These results suggest that the synthesized contrast agents could label cells for optical as well as MR imaging and in future might be useful to prove specific accumulation in cells containing target mRNA. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Abstract IA08: Systematic functional genomics and KRAS (2014)

Abstract Large scale characterization of cancer genomes has led to information regarding the identify, number, and types of alterations found in human tumors. However, the large number of mutations identified to date require complementary approaches to understand the function of these mutated genes and to elucidate pathways involved in cancer initiation and progression. Over the past several years, we have developed genome scale RNAi libraries and open reading frame expression libraries that permit a systematic evaluation of genes involved in cancer initiation and maintenance. We have used these tools to dissect known and novel pathways involved in malignant transformation. In particular, we have dissected the signaling pathways related to one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes KRAS, that has proven to be difficult to target therapeutically. We have identified new components of KRAS effector pathways that are essential for the survival of KRAS driven cancers. We have also developed signatures that allow us to dissect KRAS-driven gene programs that correspond to KRAS-dependence. We have used this information to develop inhibitors of components of KRAS signaling that show promise in KRAS-driven cancer models. Citation Format: William C. Hahn. Systematic functional genomics and KRAS. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on RAS Oncogenes: From Biology to Therapy; Feb 24-27, 2014; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2014;12(12 Suppl):Abstract nr IA08. doi: 10.1158/1557-3125.RASONC14-IA08
Minimal modeling of insulin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas: a drug effect case study (2014)

The experimental protocol of the perfused rat pancreas is commonly used to evaluate β-cell function. In this context, mathematical models become useful tools through the determination of indexes that allow the assessment of β-cell function in different experimental groups and the quantification of the effects of antidiabetic drugs, secretagogues, or treatments. However, a minimal model applicable to the isolated perfused rat pancreas has so far been unavailable. In this work, we adapt the C-peptide minimal model applied previously to the intravenous glucose tolerance test to obtain a specific model for the experimental settings of the perfused pancreas. Using the model, it is possible to estimate indexes describing β-cell responsivity for first (ΦD) and second phase (ΦS, T) of insulin secretion. The model was initially applied to untreated pancreata and afterward used for the assessment of pharmacologically relevant agents (the gut hormone GLP-1, the potent GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide, and a GPR40/FFAR1 agonist, SAR1) to quantify and differentiate their effect on insulin secretion. Model fit was satisfactory, and parameters were estimated with good precision for both untreated and treated pancreata. Model application showed that lixisenatide reaches improvement of β-cell function similarly to GLP-1 (11.7- vs. 13.1-fold increase in ΦD and 2.3- vs. 2.8-fold increase in ΦS) and demonstrated that SAR1 leads to an additional improvement of β-cell function in the presence of postprandial GLP-1 levels.
A Practical-Time Related-Key Attack on the KASUMI Cryptosystem Used in GSM and 3G Telephony (2010)

The privacy of most GSM phone conversations is currently protected by the 20+ years old A5/1 and A5/2 stream ciphers, which were repeatedly shown to be cryptographically weak. They will soon be replaced by the new A5/3 (and the soon to be announced A5/4) algorithm based on the block cipher KASUMI, which is a modified version of MISTY. In this paper we describe a new type of attack called a sandwich attack, and use it to construct a simple distinguisher for 7 of the 8 rounds of KASUMI with an amazingly high probability of 2− 14. By using this distinguisher and analyzing the single remaining round, we can derive the complete 128 bit key of the full KASUMI by using only 4 related keys, 226 data, 230 bytes of memory, and 232 time. These complexities are so small that we have actually simulated the attack in less than two hours on a single PC, and experimentally verified its correctness and complexity. Interestingly, neither our technique nor any other published attack can break MISTY in less than the 2128 complexity of exhaustive search, which indicates that the changes made by ETSI’s SAGE group in moving from MISTY to KASUMI resulted in a much weaker cipher.
Méthodes de commande : synthèse, comparaison et critères de choix (2007)

Auteur de l'ouvrage : Emmanuel Godoy
Antimicrobial activity of leaf and bark cinnamon essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium in broth system and on celery (2019)

Cinnamon essential oils (CEOs) from leaf and bark were investigated for their antimicrobial potential against Salmonella typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes. Minimum inhibitory concentration of leaf and bark CEOs against S. typhimurium and L. monocytogenes at low (4-log CFU/ml) and high (9-log CFU/ml) initial concentrations was 0.5% (vol/vol). When applied on fresh celery previously inoculated with S. typhimurium or L. monocytogenes, 0.5% leaf and bark CEOs significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the growth of S. typhimurium and L. monocytogenes. Leaf and bark CEOs could give a better log reduction against L. monocytogenes inoculated at low and high initial bacterial concentrations (2.1 logs and 4.0–4.1 logs, respectively) on the celery as compared to S. typhimurium (1.8–2.0 logs and 2.8–3.2 logs in reduction, respectively), after 7 days of storage at 4°C. Hence, leaf and bark CEOs can be potential antimicrobial agents to keep fresh produce safe from Salmonella and Listeria for human consumption. Practical applications This study showed that essential oils (CEOs) from cinnamon bark and leaf could be applied as natural antimicrobials to prevent contaminations of foodborne bacteria, such as Salmonella typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in fresh and pre-cut produce. The minimum inhibitory concentration of these essential oils against these pathogens was 0.5% vol/vol. Bark and leaf CEOs could be a potential antimicrobial agent to keep fresh produce safe from foodborne pathogens.
Ketones from Nickel‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative, Non‐Symmetric Cross‐Electrophile Coupling of Carboxylic Acid Esters (2019)

Synthesis of the C-C bonds of ketones relies upon one high-availability reagent (carboxylic acids) and one low-availability reagent (organometallic reagents or alkyl iodides). We demonstrate here a ketone synthesis that couples two different carboxylic acid esters, N-hydroxyphthalimide esters and S-2-pyridyl thioesters, to form aryl alkyl and dialkyl ketones in high yields. The keys to this approach are the use of a nickel catalyst with an electron-poor bipyridine or terpyridine ligand, a THF/DMA mixed solvent system, and ZnCl<sub>2</sub> to enhance the reactivity of the NHP ester. The resulting reaction can be used to form ketones that have previously been difficult to access, such as hindered tertiary/tertiary ketones with strained rings and ketones with α-heteroatoms. The conditions can be employed in the coupling of complex fragments, including a 20-mer peptide fragment analog of Exendin(9-39) on solid support.