gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biaxial incremental homeostatic elastic moduli of coronary artery: two-layer model (2004)

The detailed mechanical properties of various layers of the coronary artery are important for understanding the function of the vessel. The present article is focused on the determination of the incremental modulus in different layers and directions in the neighborhood of the in vivo state. The incremental modulus can be defined for any material subjected to a large deformation if small perturbations in strain lead to small perturbations of stresses in a linear fashion. This analysis was applied to the porcine coronary artery, which was treated as a two-layered structure consisting of an inner intima-media layer and an outer adventitia layer. We adopted a theory based on small-perturbation experiments at homeostatic conditions for determination of incremental moduli in circumferential, axial, and cross directions in the two layers. The experiments were based on inflation and axial stretch. We demonstrate that under homeostatic conditions the incremental moduli are layer- and direction dependent. The incremental modulus is highest in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, in the circumferential direction, the media is stiffer than the whole wall, which is stiffer than the adventitia. In the axial direction, the adventitia is stiffer than the intact wall, which is stiffer than the media. Hence, the coronary artery must be treated as a composite, nonisotropic body. The data acquire physiological relevance in relation to coronary artery health and disease.
Stratification of stage D2 prostate cancer patients by a disease aggressiveness score and its use in evaluating disease response and outcome to combination hormonal treatment (GnRH-A plus flutamide). (1994)

Suppression of androgen levels of stage D2 prostate cancer patients has been the prominent treatment for advanced prostate cancer. An arithmetic formula expressing disease aggressivity computed by the pre-treatment levels of alkaline phosphatase (AP), degree of tumor differentiation and number of bone metastases correlated well with disease response and outcome in stage D2 patients treated by chronic administration of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistic analogues (GnRH-As; buserelin) or orchiectomy. In the present study we analyzed retrospectively disease response and outcome in 262 previously untreated stage D2 prostate cancer patients who received combination hormonal treatment (GnRH-A plus flutamide) using this aggressiveness score. Mean value of this aggressiveness score between patients who were grouped with reference to type of disease response according to the criteria established by the National Prostatic Cancer Project (NPCP) was statistically different (Kruskal-Wallis, p > 0.001). Pairwise comparison documented that this was true between all but the stable and progression groups. Linear regression analysis documented significant correlation of this aggressiveness score with length of response and survival (r = 0.59, and 0.45, respectively: p > 0.0001). Analysis of slopes obtained by linear regressions between aggressiveness score and survival in patients treated with GnRH-A plus flutamide and with GnRH-A monotherapy documented that disease response and outcome was superior among patients who received combination hormonal treatment. These data indicate that this aggressiveness score correlated well type of disease response, length of response, and survival with patients given combination hormonal treatment, and as such it can be used as an objective tool for analyzing clinical data.
Auditory Scene Analysis in Humans and Machines (2006)

Tutorial on auditory scene analysis and source separation in humans and machines.
Measuring diffusion coefficients of labelled particles on cell surfaces by digital fluorescence microscopy (1990)

Conference Article| October 01 1990 Measuring diffusion coefficients of labelled particles on cell surfaces by digital fluorescence microscopy IAN E. G. MORRISON; IAN E. G. MORRISON 1Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CATHERINE M. ANDERSON; CATHERINE M. ANDERSON 1Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GEORGE N. GEORGIOU; GEORGE N. GEORGIOU 1Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD J. CHERRY RICHARD J. CHERRY 1Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (5): 938. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180938 Article history Received: March 06 1990 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation IAN E. G. MORRISON, CATHERINE M. ANDERSON, GEORGE N. GEORGIOU, RICHARD J. CHERRY; Measuring diffusion coefficients of labelled particles on cell surfaces by digital fluorescence microscopy. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1990; 18 (5): 938. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180938 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CCD, charge coupled device, LDL, low-density lipoprotein, R18, octadecyl rhodamine B chloride © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Integrated slice-specific dynamic shimming for whole-body diffusion-weighted MR imaging at 1.5 T (2020)

iShim reduced the degree of spinal cord displacement artefact between imaging stations and susceptibility-gradient-induced signal loss.
Conversion of the sodium channel activator aconitine into a potent α7‐selective nicotinic ligand (1995)

Methyllycaconitine (MLA) is a competitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with a remarkable preference for neuronal [125I]alpha Bgt binding sites. We have begun to investigate the structural basis of its potency and subtype selectivity. MLA is a substituted norditerpenoid alkaloid linked to a 2-(methylsuccinimido)benzoyl moiety. Hydrolysis of the ester bond in MLA to produce lycoctonine diminished affinity for rat brain [125I]alpha Bgt binding sites 2500-fold and abolished affinity for [3H]nicotine and muscle [125I]alpha Bgt binding sites. The voltage-gated Na+ channel activator aconitine, also a norditerpenoid alkaloid, but with significant structural differences from lycoctonine, displayed comparable weak or absent nicotinic activity. Addition of a 2-(methylsuccinimido)benzoyl sidechain to O-demethylated aconitine, to mimic MLA, abolished Na+ channel activation and conferred nanomolar affinity for brain [125I]alpha Bgt binding sites, comparable to that of MLA. We propose that the ester-linked 2-(methylsuccinimido)benzoyl group is necessary for nicotinic potency, but alpha 7 selectivity resides in the norditerpenoid core of the molecule.
Extending the Service Life of Gas Turbine Hardware: (II) Engine Testing (2000)

An engine test program was undertaken to evaluate a novel component repair process. First stage, high pressure turbine airfoils with either a simple aluminide (Codep on Rene’80) or a high activity Pt aluminide (RT-22 on Rene’142) were studied. Components refurbished with a partial strip, repair and CVD recoat process were installed in rainbow rotors which included new airfoils and/or components with full repairs (complete strip, weld repair and recoat). Following engine service on commercial aircraft, airfoils from the rainbow rotors were examined. The results of the evaluation suggest the desirable qualities of the CVD low activity Pt aluminide coat/overcoat process observed in the laboratory study could be achieved on engine hardware. Hence, a novel repair process is now available to turbine users, which may extend the service life of expensive turbine hardware.
Assessment of genetic changes and neurovirulence of shed Sabin and novel type 2 oral polio vaccine viruses (2021)

Sabin-strain oral polio vaccines (OPV) can, in rare instances, cause disease in recipients and susceptible contacts or evolve to become circulating vaccine-derived strains with the potential to cause outbreaks. Two novel type 2 OPV (nOPV2) candidates were designed to stabilize the genome against the rapid reversion that is observed following vaccination with Sabin OPV type 2 (mOPV2). Next-generation sequencing and a modified transgenic mouse neurovirulence test were applied to shed nOPV2 viruses from phase 1 and 2 studies and shed mOPV2 from a phase 4 study. The shed mOPV2 rapidly reverted in the primary attenuation site (domain V) and increased in virulence. In contrast, the shed nOPV2 viruses showed no evidence of reversion in domain V and limited or no increase in neurovirulence in mice. Based on these results and prior published data on safety, immunogenicity, and shedding, the nOPV2 viruses are promising alternatives to mOPV2 for outbreak responses.
A 60 GHz Class F-E Power Amplifier for WPAN applications in a 65nm CMOS technology (2013)

ISSN: 1807-1953
Mechanisms of non-apoptotic programmed cell death in diabetes and heart failure (2010)

Programmed cell elimination is an important pathological mediator of disease. Multiple pathways to programmed cell death have been delineated, including apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis. Cross-talk between the signaling pathways mediating each process has made it difficult to define specific mechanisms of in vivo programmed cell death. For this reason, many "apoptotic" diseases may involve other death signaling pathways. Recent advances in genetic complementation using mouse knock-out models are helping to dissect apoptotic and necrotic cell death in different pathological states. The current state of research in this area is reviewed, focusing upon new findings describing the role of programmed necrosis induced by the mitochondrial permeability transition in mouse models of heart failure and diabetes.
Temporal and regional expression of NMDA receptor subunit NR3A in the mammalian brain (2002)

NR3A is a developmentally regulated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunit that was previously known as NMDAR-L or chi-1. Unlike other NMDAR subunits, NR3A inhibits the NMDAR-associated ion channel in a novel manner, and a role in synaptogenesis has been suggested for this subunit. Here, we report a comprehensive study to delineate the temporal and anatomic expression of NR3A protein in the mammalian brain by using a monoclonal anti-NR3A antibody. NR3A protein was found to peak at postnatal day (P) 8, and to decrease gradually from P12 to adulthood in the rat central nervous system. Moreover, NR3A protein was heavily expressed in all areas of the isocortex, portions of the amygdaloid nuclei, and selective cell layers and nuclei of the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. NR3A protein was also expressed in the cerebellar cortex, whereas only weak signal was detected in the previous in situ studies by using riboprobes. At an ultrastructural level, NR3A was associated specifically with asymmetrical synapses and localized to postsynaptic membranes. This information will facilitate future research on NMDARs by providing clues to possible inclusion of the NR3A subunit in NMDARs in many brain regions.
2‐Perbromomethyl‐2‐oxazoline: a novel trifunctional initiator for the ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline (1995)

Abstract Polymerization of 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline was carried out using a trifunctional initiator, 2‐perbromomethyl‐2‐oxazoline. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the resulting polymer was very close to the feed mole ratio of the monomer to initiator. The number‐average molecular weight M̄ n increased linearly with conversion, indicating the living nature of the propagating chain end. 1 H NMR and end‐group analyses results are consistent with the proposal that the polymer possesses a star‐shaped structure.
The Use of Different Vectors and Strategies for Gene Transfer to the Musculoskeletal System (2000)

With the development of improved methods of transferring genes into cells, new treatment options are becoming available in orthopaedics and sports medicine to aid in the healing capacity of musculoskeletal tissues. In this chapter, current techniques in gene therapy and tissue engineering will be described in addition to their potential application in improving the healing of the musculoskeletal system, including articular cartilage, muscle injuries, and damages to intraarticular structures such as ligament, cartilage, and meniscus.
Sound focusing in reverberating rooms: The time-reversal approach (1999)

Time reversal is already known as an efficient ultrasonic method to focus through inhomogeneous or multidiffusive media. The presence of pointlike reflectors in these media allows applications of this technique in fields like nondestructive testing, medical imaging, or underwater acoustics. An extension of this technique in audible range acoustics is presented. An array of 70 microphone/loudspeaker couples is used to refocus sound inside of a reverberating room. At a desired focal point, directivity patterns are measured and compared with those obtained by focusing with a cylindrical beamforming technique through the same antenna. Time reversal is shown to strongly improve the focal spot pattern (beamwidth and sidelobes level). These results are related to the ability of time reversal to compensate for reverberation and scattering induced in the studied room. The process acts as a spatio-temporally matched filter to the propagation transfer function of the desired focal point through the room. It makes this technique an auto-adaptive focusing system to a random 3-D cavity. Theory, experimental results, and future applications will be described.
Modulation of Atherosclerosis, Blood Pressure and Arterial Elasticity by Statins (2006)

It is well known that dyslipidemia and hypertension frequently coexist. There is increasing recognition of a mutually facilitative interaction between dyslipidemia and renin- angiotensin system (RAS) activation in the development of atherosclerosis. Both of these systems share many of the same properties in terms of activation of pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant and pro-atherosclerosis pathways. Statins in particular have been shown to influence the biology of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and constituents of the interstitial matrix, particularly fibroblasts. It is no wonder that concurrent therapy of dyslipidemia with statins enhances the effects of RAS inhibitors. Although the effects of statins on the regulation of determinants of vascular stiffness are not well defined, it is quite likely that these regulatory pathways will be influenced by dyslipidemia therapy, especially statins.
THE NF-KB SIGNALING CASCADE AND HUMAN PATHOLOGIES (2004)

Courtois, G; Weil, R.; Blaise, R.; Memet, S; Agou, F; Veron, M; Casanova, J L; Kovalenko, A; Wallach, D; Israel, A Author Information
Lithium Compensation to Mitigate Capacity Fading in High Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite Li-ion Cells (2014)

High voltage cathodes such as the high voltage spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 have become the spotlight of the Li-ion battery research recently due to their ability to deliver high energy. However, conventional electrolytes based on ethylene carbonate and linear carbonates decompose severely on such high voltage cathodes due to the highly oxidative nature of the fully charged electrode. While efforts have been made to improve the cell performance by developing better electrolytes and additives, none can achieve the high capacity retention seen in the traditional Li-ion batteries with lower voltage limits. In this study, through Li-metal half cells the mechanism of capacity fading in the high voltage Li-ion battery was examined, and the direct cause for the rapid capacity fading on the cathode has been determined to be the active lithium loss due to electrolyte decomposition. The mechanism is similar to what is observed on the graphite anode during the SEI formation process, so prelithiation has been proposed to mitigate the capacity fading in the high voltage LNMO/graphite full cell. Prelithiation of the graphite anodes electrochemically, by physically contact with lithium metal or simply using lithium metal as an anode component have all shown significant improvement in capacity retention for the high voltage LNMO/graphite full cell with conventional carbonate electrolytes at both ambient and elevated cycling temperature. This method has shown even better cycle performance in combination with the previously reported fluorinated high voltage electrolyte.
Measurement of D-meson production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at $${\sqrt{s}=7}$$ s = 7 TeV (2017)

The production cross sections for prompt charmed mesons D 0 , D + , D * + and D + s were measured at mid-rapidity in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s = 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). D mesons were reconstructed from their decays
Weighted subspace fitting for general array error models (1998)

Model error sensitivity is an issue common to all high-resolution direction-of-arrival estimators. Much attention has been directed to the design of algorithms for minimum variance estimation taking only finite sample errors into account. Approaches to reduce the sensitivity due to array calibration errors have also appeared in the literature. Herein, one such approach is adopted that assumes that the errors due to finite samples and model errors are of comparable size. A weighted subspace fitting method for very general array perturbation models is derived. This method provides minimum variance estimates under the assumption that the prior distribution of the perturbation model is known. Interestingly, the method reduces to the WSF (MODE) estimator if no model errors are present. Vice versa, assuming that model errors dominate, the method specializes to the corresponding "model-errors-only subspace fitting method." Unlike previous techniques for model errors, the estimator can be implemented using a two-step procedure if the nominal array is uniform and linear, and it is also consistent even if the signals are fully correlated. The paper also contains a large sample analysis of one of the alternative methods, namely, MAPprox. It is shown that MAPprox also provides minimum variance estimates under reasonable assumptions.
Figure S1 from A Phase II, Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label Study of GX-188E, an HPV DNA Vaccine, in Patients with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 3 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1 Clinical efficacy according at V7 and V8.&lt;/p&gt;
A Long-Term Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Glaucomatous Visual Field Loss in Patients With Ocular Hypertension (2005)

Purpose: To evaluate the importance of baseline risk factors for development of glaucomatous visual field loss in patients with high-risk ocular hypertension. Methods: In the Malmö Ocular Hypertension Study, 90 patients were randomized to topical timolol or placebo treatment and observed prospectively for up to 10 years. Patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and with open angles and normal visual fields, plus at least one extra risk factor, were eligible. Risk factors were suspect disc or known disc hemorrhage, positive family history of glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation or pigment dispersion syndrome, diabetes, and mean IOP on DTC ≥ 27 mm Hg. These risk factors and also the mean baseline IOP and IOP fluctuation, sex, age, and blood pressure were evaluated as predictors for development of reproducible glaucomatous visual field loss. In addition to the prospective data, post-study data were retrieved from patients' records extending maximum follow-up to 17 years. Results: Thirty-seven patients developed glaucomatous visual field loss. Of all factors included in the analysis, disc appearance, older age, and higher IOP came out as significant risks. Suspect disc appearance increased the risk approximately three times, with a hazard ratio of 2.90, and CI: 1.34-6.30, the hazard ratio was 1.05 and CI: 1.03-1.09 per year of age, while mean baseline IOP increased the risk with 14% per mm Hg (CI: 1.01-1.28). Conclusion: Patients with ocular hypertension were at higher risk for developing glaucomatous visual field loss if discs were suspect, if IOP was high, and if the patient was older in age.
Discovery of a Highly Potent and Broadly Effective Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Mutant Inhibitor (2018)

Abstract Exon 20 insertion (Ex20Ins) mutations are the third most prevalent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutation and the most prevalent HER2 mutation in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Novel therapeutics for the patients with Ex20Ins mutations are urgently needed, due to their poor responses to the currently approved EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. Here we report the discovery of highly potent and broadly effective EGFR and HER2 Ex20Ins mutant inhibitors. The co‐crystal structure of compound 1 b in complex with wild type EGFR clearly revealed an additional hydrophobic interaction of 4‐fluorobenzene ring within a deep hydrophobic pocket, which has not been widely exploited in the development of EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. As compared with afatinib, compound 1 a exhibited superior inhibition of proliferation and signaling pathways in Ba/F3 cells harboring either EGFR or HER2 Ex20Ins mutations, and in the EGFR P772_H773insPNP patient‐derived lung cancer cell line DFCI127. Our study identifies promising strategies for development of EGFR and HER2 Ex20Ins mutant inhibitors.
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination exposes progressive adaptive immune dysfunction in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2022)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients have lower seroconversion rates and antibody titers following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but the reasons for this diminished response are poorly understood. Here, we studied humoral and cellular responses in 95 CLL patients and 30 healthy controls after two BNT162b2 or mRNA-2173 mRNA immunizations. We found that 42% of CLL vaccinees developed SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), while 32% had no response. Interestingly, 26% were seropositive, but had no detectable NAbs, suggesting the maintenance of pre-existing endemic human coronavirus-specific antibodies that cross-react with the S2 domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike. These individuals had more advanced disease. In treatment-naïve CLL patients, mRNA-2173 induced 12-fold higher NAb titers and 1.7-fold higher response rates than BNT162b2. These data reveal a graded loss of immune function, with pre-existing memory being preserved longer than the capacity to respond to new antigens, and identify mRNA-2173 as a superior vaccine for CLL patients.