gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unidirectional vertical emission from photonic crystal nanolasers (2009)

Here, we emphasize the importance of using a bottom reflector to achieve unidirectional vertical emission from an ultra-small light emitter. Specifically, we have considered a photonic crystal slab nanocavity laser placed in the vicinity of a perfect mirror. By choosing near one-wavelength distance between the bottom reflector and the cavity, over 80% of photons generated inside the laser cavity can funnel into a small divergence angle of ±30°. It is also interesting to observe that the natural radiation rate (∼1/Q factor) of the nanocavity mode can be modified by varying the gap size, which is analogous to the famous cavity quantum electrodynamics effect for a point dipole source placed near a perfect mirror. A simple, comprehensive plane wave interference model is presented to explain the observed over six-fold vertical emission enhancement. Furthermore, we propose some of the very practical nanolaser designs based on a metal bonding technology, which may enable continuous current injection operation at room-temperature.
Multifrequency Pierce Oscillators Based on Piezoelectric AlN Contour-Mode MEMS Technology (2010)

This paper reports on the first demonstration of multifrequency (176-, 222-, 307-, and 482-MHz) oscillators based on the piezoelectric AlN contour-mode microelectromechanical systems technology. All the oscillators show phase noise values between -88 and -68 dBc/Hz at 1-kHz offset frequency from the carriers and phase noise floor values as low as -160 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The same Pierce circuit design is employed to sustain oscillations at the four different frequencies; on the other hand, the oscillator core consumes 10 mW. The AlN resonators are currently wire bonded to the integrated circuit realized in the AMIS 0.5-¿m 5-V complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor process. Limits on phase noise and power consumption are discussed and compared with other competing technologies. This paper constitutes a substantial step forward toward the demonstration of a single-chip multifrequency reconfigurable timing solution that can be used in wireless communications and sensing applications.
Somatic mosaic chromosomal alterations and death of cardiovascular disease causes among cancer survivors: an analysis of the UK Biobank (2022)

ABSTRACT Cancer survivors are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population. Here, we evaluated the impact of somatic mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) on death of CVD causes, coronary artery disease (CAD) causes, from cancer, and of any cause in patients with a cancer diagnosis within the UK Biobank (n=48 919). mCAs were derived from DNA genotyping array intensity data and long-range chromosomal phase inference from participants. Overall, 10 070 individuals (20.6%) carried ≥1 mCA clone. In adjusted analyses, mCA was associated with an increased risk of death of CAD causes (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.71, P =0.006), from cancer (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.11, P =0.041), and death of any cause (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12, P =0.005). Among cancer survivors, carriers of any mCA are at an increased risk of death of CAD causes and of any cause as compared to non-carriers.
The Five-minute Rule Thirty Years Later and its Impact on the Storage Hierarchy. (2017)

DIAS
Introduction to the issue on nanoplasmonics (2013)

The last decade has seen an explosion of research interest linking plasmons to various disciplines in physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, material science, thin film technology, optics, nanosciences, etc. Nanoplasmonics aims at investigating and controlling light on length scales comparable or below the wavelength of operation, possibly down to tens of nanometers and on femtosecond time scales. Control is achieved with individual metallic nanostructures, specifically tailored to increase effective light-matter interactions by providing large local field enhancements or by slowing down propagation. This special issue focuses on the emerging important roles of nanoplasmonics ranging from its fundamental studies to applications. This issue contains 37 papers, including 13 invited and 24 contributed papers, authored by some of the leading nanophotonics research groups in the world. The papers in this special issue cover the broad scope of research representative of this growing field. Topic areas covered are: Plasmonics; Metamaterials; Nanowires and nanoparticles; and Quantum electronics science.
Cyclin A Downregulation and p21 cip1 Upregulation Correlate With GATA-6–Induced Growth Arrest in Glomerular Mesangial Cells (2000)

The GATA-6 transcription factor is reported to be expressed in vascular myocytes. Because glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and vascular myocytes have similar properties, we examined whether GATA-6 was expressed in cultured GMCs and whether overexpression of GATA-6 induced cell cycle arrest in GMCs, using a recombinant adenovirus that expresses GATA-6 (Ad GATA-6). GATA-6 expression in GMCs was downregulated when quiescent GMCs were stimulated by serum to reenter the cell cycle. [(3)H]thymidine uptake was inhibited in GMCs infected with Ad GATA-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of cyclin A protein was decreased and that of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(cip1) was increased in GMCs infected with Ad GATA-6. Although the expression of p21(cip1) transcripts did not change remarkably, p21(cip1) protein was stabilized in GMCs infected with Ad GATA-6, suggesting a post-transcriptional regulation of p21(cip1) expression. Northern blot analysis showed that expression of the cyclin A transcript was decreased in Ad GATA-6-infected cells, whereas this decrease of cyclin A was not observed in GMCs derived from p21(cip1) null mice. Our results demonstrate that GATA-6 is endogenously expressed in GMCs and that overexpression of GATA-6 can induce cell cycle arrest. Our results also show that GATA-6-induced cell cycle arrest is associated with inhibition of cyclin A expression and p21(cip1) upregulation. Finally, our results indicate that the GATA-6-induced suppression of cyclin A expression depends on the presence of p21(cip1).
Partial Discharge Measurement on Three phase Construction (2006)

This paper deals with partial discharge measurement on three phase construction. It was shown that the measurement must be conducted on all phases simultaneously to obtain measurement result of partial discharge occurring in whole region of three phase construction with high sensitivity and to obtain information of the partial discharge location. Partial discharge from artificial defect was measured. Experimental results showed some special characteristics of partial discharge in three phase construction. These results were discussed with considering electric field characteristic in three phase construction and coupling capacitance between three phase conductors and between the conductors and the tank.
Hydrodynamic mobility of confined polymeric particles, vesicles, and cancer cells in a square microchannel (2018)

The transport of deformable objects, including polymer particles, vesicles, and cells, has been a subject of interest for several decades where the majority of experimental and theoretical studies have been focused on circular tubes. Due to advances in microfluidics, there is a need to study the transport of individual deformable particles in rectangular microchannels where corner flows can be important. In this study, we report measurements of hydrodynamic mobility of confined polymeric particles, vesicles, and cancer cells in a linear microchannel with a square cross-section. Our operating conditions are such that the mobility is measured as a function of geometric confinement over the range 0.3 < <i>λ </i>< 1.5 and at specified particle Reynolds numbers that are within 0.1 < Re<sub>p</sub> < 2.5. The experimental mobility data of each of these systems is compared with the circular-tube theory of Hestroni, Haber, and Wacholder [J. Fluid Mech. <b>41</b>, 689-705 (1970)] with modifications made for a square cross-section. For polymeric particles, we find that the mobility data agrees well over a large confinement range with the theory but under predicts for vesicles. The mobility of vesicles is higher in a square channel than in a circular tube, and does not depend significantly on membrane mechanical properties. The mobility of cancer cells is in good agreement with the theory up to λ ≈ 0.8, after which it deviates. Comparison of the mobility data of the three systems reveals that cancer cells have higher mobility than rigid particles but lower than vesicles, suggesting that the cell membrane frictional properties are in between a solid-like interface and a fluid bilayer. We explain further the differences in the mobility of the three systems by considering their shape deformation and surface flow on the interface. The results of this study may find potential applications in drug delivery and biomedical diagnostics.
Formularies in integrated health systems: Integris health (1996)

Formulary management implications are described for an Oklahoma integrated health system that consists of 14 acute care facilities, numerous owned medical practices, and a fledgling HMO and has loose alliances with other rural facilities. A systemwide pharmacy director has yet to be appointed; however, the position of pharmacy operations manager for the Oklahoma City area has been created. A physician group has been formed that is expected to address systemwide pharmacy and therapeutics (P&T) committees and formulary strategies. Currently, P&T committee activities take place at the individual hospital level. The hospitals do not have restrictive formularies. An overall formulary system would likely be patterned after the largest hospital's system, which includes a formal approval process in which a P&T subcommittee reviews drug use outside established guidelines and the P&T committee asks the appropriate medical department to address the problem. For ambulatory care, the HMO has contracted with a pharmacy benefit manager (PBM), and there is no coordination of formulary efforts between the PBM and health system entities. Although this and other problems remain to be resolved, some standardization of drug use has begun. Also, all entities in the system use the same purchasing group and plan to use the same information systems. Drug use among hospitalized patients in this integrated health system is influenced by the usage guidelines established at the largest hospital, and drug use among ambulatory managed care patients is influenced by an external PBM.
Regulation of steroidogenesis in a primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease-associated adenoma leading to virilization and subclinical Cushing's syndrome (2012)

PPNAD-associated adenomas can cause virilization and infertility by adrenal androgen overproduction. This may be due to steroidogenic control mechanisms that differ from those described for PPNAD without large adenomas.
Assessment of non-invasive new imaging techniques in the diagnosis of heart liposarcoma (1995)

Two patients, with recurrent acute pericarditis as the first presentation of liposarcoma, were admitted to our department between August and December 1992. The pericarditis was pericardial in one case and retroperitoneal with pericardial inflammation in the other. In contrast to most reported cases, where diagnosis was made post-mortem, diagnosis and surgical decision were based on non-invasive imaging techniques, without cardiac angiography. In cases of recurrent acute pericarditis resistant to usual drugs, new imaging techniques, such as computed tomodensitometry and magnetic resonance imaging, can detect rare causes such as liposarcomas in which prognosis is critically dependent on early diagnosis.
Search for long-lived scalar particles in B+→K+χ(μ+μ−) decays (2017)

A search for a long-lived scalar particle $\ensuremath{\chi}$ is performed, looking for the decay ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}\ensuremath{\chi}$ with $\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ in $pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 8 TeV. This new scalar particle, predicted by hidden sector models, is assumed to have a narrow width. The signal would manifest itself as an excess in the dimuon invariant mass distribution over the Standard Model background. No significant excess is observed in the accessible ranges of mass $250&lt;m(\ensuremath{\chi})&lt;4700\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ and lifetime $0.1&lt;\ensuremath{\tau}(\ensuremath{\chi})&lt;1000\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ps}$. Upper limits on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}\ensuremath{\chi}({\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}))$ at 95% confidence level are set as a function of $m(\ensuremath{\chi})$ and $\ensuremath{\tau}(\ensuremath{\chi})$, varying between $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}$ and ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$. These are the most stringent limits to date. The limits are interpreted in the context of a model with a light inflaton particle.
Molecular and genetic characterization of GABP beta. (1994)

This report outlines three observations relating to GABP beta, a polypeptide constituent of the heterotetrameric transcription factor GABP. Evidence is presented showing that the mouse genome encodes two highly related GABP beta polypeptides, designated GABP beta 1-1 and GABP beta 2-1. Genomic and cDNA copies of the newly defined Gabpb2 gene were cloned and characterized, providing the conceptually translated amino acid sequence of GABP beta 2-1. The genes encoding these two proteins, as well as GABP alpha, were mapped to three unlinked chromosomal loci. Although physically unlinked, the patterns of expression of the three genes were strikingly concordant. Finally, the molecular basis of GABP beta dimerization was resolved. Carboxy-terminal regions of the two GABP beta polypeptides, which mediate dimerization, bear highly related primary amino acid sequences. Both sequences are free of alpha-helix destabilizing residues and, when displayed on idealized alpha-helical projections, reveal marked amphipathy. Two observations indicate that these regions adopt an alpha-helical conformation and intertwine as coiled-coils. First, the dimer-forming region of GABP beta 2-1 can functionally replace the leucine zipper of a bZIP transcription factor. Second, a synthetic peptide corresponding to this region shows distinctive helical properties when examined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Finally, evidence is presented showing that GABP beta 1-1 and GABP beta 2-1 can heterodimerize through this carboxy-terminal domain, but neither protein can heterodimerize via the dimer-forming region of the bZIP protein C/EBP beta.
Performance Uncertainty Quantification for Centrifugal Compressors: Part 2—Flange to Flange Variability (2012)

This paper presents a methodology to control flange to flange performance prediction of centrifugal compressors using a probabilistic approach. In order to have reliable prediction for the performance of centrifugal compressors, a thorough knowledge of critical parameters contributing to the deviation and an efficient way to control the variation of these parameters becomes necessary. This paper discusses about a robust methodology for identifying and controlling the variation of these parameters and hence the predicted performance. This probabilistic technique involves a Design of Experiments (DoE) study to handle large number of input parameters, sensitivity study to identify critical ones and a Monte-Carlo based approach to identify the uncertainty in flange to flange performance. This approach takes into consideration the compressor stage performance variability driven by impeller manufacturing tolerances, statoric component losses variability and leakages variability in order to compute overall performance variation in a compressor. An in-house developed probabilistic optimization code (PEZ) is interfaced with a well-validated &amp; calibrated thermodynamic tool to analyse large sets of possible combinations and to provide best possible solution for a given design space. This concept is successfully applied for different compressor configurations by varying the stage numbers and process conditions. The results give an insight on the main sources and magnitude of variations on compressor performance, thus enabling to control the predictions in an efficient way. This methodology will provide a novel and an efficient way to generate robust compressor performance, where it will be possible to take into account design and manufacturing uncertainty. The use of this methodology can thus drastically improve the performance predictability and risk associated with each compressor selection.
COMPARISON OF HELICAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY AND PLAIN RADIOGRAPHY FOR ESTIMATING URINARY STONE SIZE (2002)

Noncontrast spiral CT enables a similar measurement of stone size along the transverse dimension as plain x-ray of the kidneys, ureters and bladder. In individuals noncontrast spiral CT does not accurately measure the craniocaudal dimension of stones compared with plain x-ray when standard acquisition and reconstruction techniques are used. In this regard it has a tendency to overestimate stone size by an average of 0.8 mm.
Christopher G. Robertson Guest Editor (2017)

I am pleased to introduce this special Frontiers issue of Rubber Chemistry and Technology, which was created to highlight cutting-edge research on breakthrough materials, novel approaches to modeling and testing, and exciting new applications in the field of elastomers.This year marks the 90th anniversary of Rubber Chemistry and Technology. This journal has a storied history as the preeminent peer-reviewed journal in the field of rubber science with a balanced scope that is relevant to academic and industrial research activities alike. Key scientific contributions throughout the years include more than 50 publications by Nobel Laureates in polymer chemistry, Paul Flory, Giulio Natta, Karl Ziegler, and Hermann Staudinger.Rubber Chemistry and Technology also has an important and exciting present and future as the reporting outlet for new discoveries at the forefront of elastomer science and technology. The rich physics and chemistry for rubbery substances and their composites, along with the extensive range of their commercial uses, are unmatched by other types of materials. The behavior of rubber is a major component of the rapidly expanding domain of soft matter physics, which also explains the increase in scientific inquiry and publishing activity in this area. This special issue was made necessary by the rapid pace of new developments in the field and the impact of rubbery materials across many other disciplines.Topics covered in this Frontiers collection of articles include new insights into the influence of nanoscale fillers on polymer dynamics and reinforcement from both molecular dynamics and experimental investigations. Novel testing methodologies and theoretical frameworks are offered in rubber characterization and failure mechanics. Dielectric elastomers, bio-based polymers, graphene nanocomposites, and other innovative materials and applications are also represented by the research published herein. The authors are affiliated with academia, government laboratories, and industry in the United States, Europe, and Asia, reflecting the global nature and breadth of research and development in the field.On behalf of the Editorial Board, I hope you enjoy this inaugural Frontiers issue.
Quantum Operating Systems (2017)

If large-scale quantum computers become commonplace, the operating system will have to provide novel abstractions to capture the power of this bizarre new hardware. In this paper, we consider this and other systems-level issues that quantum computers would raise, and we demonstrate that these machines would offer surprising speed-ups for a number of everyday systems tasks, such as unit testing and CPU scheduling.
High frequency CD8+PD-1+ TCR clonotypes isolated from fresh melanomas display anti-tumor activity (2015)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive transfer of T cell receptor (TCR) redirected T cells has traditionally targeted shared tumor-specific antigens restricted to common major histocompatibility complexes with the rationale of treating a large population of patients. Recently, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (
Highly Spin-Polarized Room-Temperature Tunnel Injector for Semiconductor Spintronics using MgO(100) (2005)

The spin polarization of current injected into GaAs from a CoFe/MgO(100) tunnel injector is inferred from the electroluminescence polarization from GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well detectors. The polarization reaches 57% at 100 K and 47% at 290 K in a 5 T perpendicular magnetic field. Taking into account the field dependence of the luminescence polarization, the spin injection efficiency is at least 52% at 100 K, and 32% at 290 K. We find a nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the polarization which can be attributed to spin relaxation in the quantum well detectors.
Particle filtering for positioning based on proximity reports (2015)

The commercial interest in proximity services is increasing. Application examples include location-based information and advertisements, logistics, social networking, file sharing, etc. In this paper, we consider positioning of devices based on time series proximity reports from a mobile device to a network node. This corresponds to nonlinear measurements with respect to the device position in relation to the network nodes. Therefore, particle filtering is applicable for positioning. Positioning performance is evaluated in a typical office area with Bluetooth-low-energy beacons deployed for proximity detection and report. Accuracy is concluded to vary spatially over the office floor, and in relation to the beacon deployment density.
4000km Transmission of 50GHz spaced, 10×494.85-Gb/s Hybrid 32-64QAM using Cascaded Equalization and Training-Assisted Phase Recovery (2012)

Employing time-domain hybrid QAM, training-assisted phase recovery and cascaded equalization, we successfully transmitted ten 494.85Gbit/s PDM-32/64QAM DWDM signals at 8.25b/s/Hz net spectral efficiency (SE) over 40×100km, achieving a record terrestrial SE⋅distance product of 33,000- km⋅b/s/Hz.
Study On Coding Tools Beyond AV1 (2021)

The Alliance for Open Media has recently initiated coding tool exploration activities towards the next-generation video coding beyond AV1. With this regard, this paper presents a package of coding tools that have been investigated, implemented and tested on top of the codebase, known as libaom, which is used for the exploration of next-generation video compression tools. The proposed tools cover several technical areas based on a traditional hybrid video coding structure, including block partitioning, prediction, transform and loop filtering. The proposed coding tools are integrated as a package, and a combined coding gain over AV1 is demonstrated in this paper. Furthermore, to better understand the behavior of each tool, besides the combined coding gain, the tool-on and tool-off tests are also simulated and reported for each individual coding tool. Experimental results show that, compared to libaom, the proposed methods achieve an average 8.0% (up to 22.0%) overall BD-rate reduction for All Intra coding configuration a wide range of image and video content.