gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Haptic human-robot collaboration system based on delta robot with gravity compensation (2016)

Human-robot collaboration systems have attracted more and more researchers' attention. Many experiments in a new design of robot system illustrated that it can be used to help and support human operator. In the past few decades, delta robots have popular usage in industrial applications, especially in picking and packaging for their relative advantages such as high speed, high accuracy, and light weight devices. Delta robot is a parallel manipulator that consists of three arms connected to universal joints at the base. This paper presents work on a new force sensor less haptic human-robot collaboration system based on 3D parallel mechanism delta robot. The controller of delta robot was designed by using force sensorless bilateral control approach with considering of gravity compensation. Each joint of the AC servo motor can be programmed to estimate the external force from unknown environment by using the disuturbance observer (DOB). It was shown that delta robot can not only be applied for industrial applications, it can also be conveniently used for human-robot interaction. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate that the gravity effect can be compensated. Therefore, our proposed robot system is suitable for human-robot collaboration system.
Secondhand Smoke Induces Inflammation and Impairs Immunity to Respiratory Infections (2018)

Despite advocacy to reduce smoking-related diseases, >1 billion people worldwide continue to smoke. Smoking is immunosuppressive and an important etiological factor in the development of several human disorders including respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, there is a critical gap in the knowledge of the role of secondhand smoke (SHS) in inflammation and immunity. We therefore studied the influence of SHS on pulmonary inflammation and immune responses to respiratory infection by nontypeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (NTHI) recurrently found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Chronic SHS-exposed mice were chronically infected with NTHI and pulmonary inflammation was evaluated by histology. Immune cell numbers and cytokines were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Chronic SHS exposure impaired NTHI P6 Ag-specific B and T cell responses following chronic NTHI infection as measured by ELISPOT assays, reduced the production of Abs in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage, and enhanced albumin leak into the bronchoalveolar lavage as determined by ELISA. Histopathological examination of lungs revealed lymphocytic accumulation surrounding airways and bronchovasculature following chronic SHS exposure and chronic infection. Chronic SHS exposure enhanced the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the lungs, and impaired the generation of adaptive immunity following either chronic infection or P6 vaccination. Chronic SHS exposure diminished bacterial clearance from the lungs after acute NTHI challenge, whereas P6 vaccination improved clearance equivalent to the level seen in air-exposed, non-vaccinated mice. Our study provides unequivocal evidence that SHS exposure has long-term detrimental effects on the pulmonary inflammatory microenvironment and immunity to infection and vaccination.
Restraint stress induced gut dysmotility is diminished by a milk oligosaccharide (2′-fucosyllactose) in vitro (2019)

We show that the prebiotic 2'FL may have potential as a treatment for acute stress-induced gut dysmotility, ex vivo, and that, as is the case for certain beneficial microbes, the mechanism occurs in the gut, likely via action on the enteric nervous system.
Investigation of Hydrophobic Concrete Additive for Seawall Replacement at Pililaau Army Recreation Center, Hawaii (2017)

Abstract : This Office of the Under Secretary of Defense Corrosion Prevention and Control Program project was to demonstrate the long-term performance of an ultrahydrophobic concrete additive that blocks water intrusion and chloride penetration into concrete. The proprietary additive was to be used to repair the seawall in a highly corrosive environment at Pililaau Army Recreation Center (PARC) in Waianae, Hawaii. The deteriorating stone seawall at PARC was to be covered in a concrete veneer with a new stair access to the beach, both using the waterproofing additive. Chloride, humidity, and corrosion rate sensors were placed in the concrete veneer panels and were to be monitored for two years. Unfortunately, while the seawall veneer panels were completed, the government was unable to obtain necessary permits to allow excavation of the beach at the base of the seawall for construction of the footing. Even after it became clear that the work could not be completed under the contract for this project, the Corps of Engineers Honolulu District in Hawaii initiated their own project to complete the work by using the prepared veneer panels, but they also were unable to do so because of the permitting and environmental study requirements.
Flow and Containment Characteristics of an Air-curtain Fume Hood Operated at High Temperatures (2012)

The flow and leakage characteristics of the air-curtain fume hood under high temperature operation (between 100°C and 250°C) were studied. Laser-assisted flow visualization technique was used to reveal the hot plume movements in the cabinet and the critical conditions for the hood-top leakage. The sulfur hexafluoride tracer-gas concentration test method was employed to examine the containment spillages from the sash opening and the hood top. It was found that the primary parameters dominating the behavior of the flow field and hood performance are the sash height and the suction velocity as an air-curtain hood is operated at high temperatures. At large sash height and low suction velocity, the air curtain broke down and accompanied with three-dimensional flow in the cabinet. Since the suction velocity was low and the sash opening was large, the makeup air drawn down from the hood top became insufficient to counter act the rising hot plume. Under this situation, containment leakage from the sash opening and the hood top was observed. At small sash opening and high suction velocity, the air curtain presented robust characteristics and the makeup air flow from the hood top was sufficiently large. Therefore the containment leakages from the sash opening and the hood top were not observed. According to the results of experiments, quantitative operation sash height and suction velocity corresponding to the operation temperatures were suggested.
Using reference trajectories for predicting uncertain systems exemplified for a power plant (2007)

This paper presents a method for prediction of uncertain closed loop systems, where the uncertainties are depending on operating points. Such model uncertainties are often present when complicated non-linear systems are predicted. The method uses precomputed mean and variances of the prediction error depending on the operation point given by references and disturbances. These uncertainty models are stored in a model bank, linear interpolation is applied to the elements of the model bank in order to predict uncertainty bounds on the predictions using the statistics of the past prediction uncertainties. It is as well proposed to update the uncertainty prediction models on-line. The potential of the method is illustrated by an example from a coal-fired power plant. This example shows prediction of the uncertainties as a bounded region in which the given system variable can be assumed to be contained in. In the example these successfully bound the system variables while in comparison applying a simple prediction diverges from the system.
A Spontaneously Arising Pancreatic Tumor Does Not Promote the Differentiation of Naive CD8+ T Lymphocytes into Effector CTL (2004)

In this report, we address whether a growing tumor provides sufficient inflammatory signals to promote activation, clonal expansion, and acquisition of effector functions by naive tumor-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes. CD8(+) T lymphocytes obtained from hemagglutinin (HA)-specific clone 4 TCR-transgenic mice were injected into recipient mice that spontaneously develop pancreatic tumors expressing HA as a tumor-associated Ag (RIP-Tag2-HA mice). When 3 x 10(6) clone 4 CD8(+) T cells were transferred into tumor-bearing mice, the cells became activated in the pancreatic lymph nodes where they proliferated and acquired effector functions such as cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production. Surprisingly, reducing the number of adoptively transferred CD8(+) T cells led to a parallel reduction in the proportion of the activated cells that exhibited effector functions, suggesting that CTL differentiation was induced by the large numbers of activated CD8(+) T cells and not the tumor environment. Provision of tumor-specific CD4(+) helper cells provided the signals required to promote both the development of CTL effector functions and increased clonal expansion, resulting in tumor eradication. Considering that only small numbers of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells would be present in a conventional T cell repertoire, these data suggest that tumor growth alone may not provide the inflammatory signals necessary to support the development of CD8(+) T cell effector functions.
Mechanisms of Human Neutrophil Elastase-Catalyzed Inactivation of the Factor VIII(a). (2009)

Abstract Abstract 2125 Poster Board II-103 Inflammation and coagulation are linked in a variety ways. Since both neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G bind to activated platelets, they can be localized on the platelet membrane providing negatively-charged phospholipid, that is essential for assembly of tenase complex. Although it has been reported that cathepsin G provides some procoagulant effect by activating factor (F)VIII, effect of elastase on FVIII is poorly understood. We now examine the effect of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) on FVIII(a). FVIII activity (used 100 nM) was rapidly decreased and was undetectable within 10 min after the addition of HNE (0.5 nM) in a one-stage clotting assay. This time-dependent inactivation was little or mildly affected (∼35% inhibition at 10 μg/ml) in the presence of phospholipid or von Willebrand factor, respectively. Rate constant of FVIII inactivation by HNE possessed ∼15-fold greater than that by APC/protein S (PS). SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that HNE proteolyzed the 90∼210-kDa heavy chain of FVIII to 47- and 37-kDa terminal products, via some proteolyses within the B domain. Western blot and N-terminal sequence analyses showed that these fragments derived from the heavy chain were identified as the A11-357 and A2375-708, respectively, by cleavages at Val357 and Val374 in A1 and Val708 in A2. The cleavages at Val374 and Val708 by HNE were faster than that at Val357. The 80-kDa light chain was proteolyzed to 75-kDa fragment by cleavage at Val1670, quite different with the pattern of FVIII cleavage by known serine proteases. Of note, HNE-catalyzed inactivation of FVIIIa was much slower (by ∼25-fold) than that of FVIII, supporting that HNE preferably attacked to FVIII. This discrepancy was attributed to much slower cleavage at Val708 in FVIIIa. Rate of inactivation of FVIIIa by HNE was ∼30-, ∼8-, and ∼3-fold lower than those by plasmin, APC/PS, and FXa, respectively. SDS-PAGE using FVIII(a) fragments revealed that each cleavage at Val357 and Val708 was regulated by the presence of the light chain and heavy chain (intact A1-A2), respectively. These results demonstrate that the importance of cleavage at Val708, constitutes a FIXa-interactive site in tenase complex, for the mechanism of HNE-catalyzed FVIII inactivation. Furthermore, this cleavage appears to be selectively modulated by the A1-A2 domain that might interact with HNE. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Biomechanical Studies of an Anterior Pelvic External Fixation Frame Intended for Control of Vertical Shear Fractures (1986)

Biomechanical testing of an experimental pelvic external fixation frame incorporating a large tubular horizontal member was carried out on formalin-fixed cadaver pelves with simulated vertical shear injuries. The device was tested with 5 mm standard and 6 mm experimental pins, and was compared to a Pittsburgh triangular (PT) frame constructed of standard Hoffmann components. Tested by vertical loading, the experimental frame with 5 mm standard pins was 1.9 times as stiff as the PT frame, and with the 6 mm experimental pins it was 2.4 times as stiff as the PT frame. Clinical trials are needed to determine efficacy in vivo.
MDR1 in immunity: friend or foe? (2018)

MDR1 is an ATP-dependent transmembrane transporter primarily studied for its role in the detoxification of tissues and for its implication in resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy treatment. Several studies also report on its expression on immune cells where it plays a protective role from xenobiotics and toxins. This review provides an overview of what is known on MDR1 expression in immune cells in human, and its implications in different pathologies and their treatment options.
The Effects of an mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Booster on Immune Responses in Cancer-Bearing Veterans (2022)

Immunocompromised cancer patients are at significant risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A method to identify those patients at highest risk is needed so that prophylactic measures may be employed. Serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are important markers of protection against COVID-19 disease. We evaluated total and neutralizing antibody levels pre and post third booster vaccine and compared responses among different cancer-bearing and healthy veterans. This as a prospective, single site, comparative cohort observational trial. The setting was the West Palm Beach VA Medical Center cancer center. All veterans received a third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster. The main outcomes were anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG and neutralizing antibodies to wild-type, and B.1.617, BA1, BA2, and BA4/5 variants were measured. Disease type and therapy, COVID-19 infection, and anti-CD20 antibody treatments were documented. The third mRNA vaccine booster increased the mean blood anti-spike IgG five-fold. The second anti-spike level was equal or greater than the first in 129/140 veterans. All the groups except the myeloma group, had post-booster antibody levels significantly higher than pre-booster with 4-fold, 12-fold, 4-fold, 6-fold and 3.5-fold increases for the control, solid tumor, CLL, B cell lymphoma and all B cell malignancy cohorts. The myeloma set showed only a non-significant 1.7-fold increase. Recently anti-CD20 antibody-treated patients were shown to have approximately 200-fold less anti-S IgG production after vaccine booster than other patients. There was a 2.5-fold enhancement of wild-type virus mean neutralizing antibodies after a third mRNA booster and mean neutralization of Delta and Omicron variants increased 2.2, 6.5, 7.7, and 6.2-fold versus pre-boost levels. B cell malignancies failed to show increased post-booster neutralization. The third SARS CoV-2 booster increased total anti-spike IgG and neutralizing antibodies for most subjects. Veterans with B cell malignancies particularly myeloma and those receiving anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies had the weakest humoral responses. Neutralizing antibody responses to Omicron variants were less than for wild-type virus. A subset of patients without humoral immunity post-booster should be considered for prophylactic antibody or close monitoring.
Angioscopy-design considerations and preliminary results with the ACS angioscope (2003)

The engineering requirements for designing a safe and effective percutaneous coronary angioscope are reviewed. These requirements have been incorporated into a 4.3 French over-the-wire, steerable angioscope, which has been approved for sale as a diagnostic device and has been used successfully in clinical studies, Further clinical studies are underway to document the utility of the angioscopic information. If the device proves efficacious, it can easily be modified to enable therapeutic dilatations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Solar Cells: Solvent Additive Effects on Small Molecule Crystallization in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Probed During Spin Casting (Adv. Mater. 44/2013) (2013)

In situ X-ray scattering is used by Guillermo C. Bazan, Aram Amassian and co-workers to investigate the kinetics of crystallization during spincasting of an organic bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer based on a small molecule-fullerene blend, as described on page 6380. The high-speed measurements capture evidence of an unexpected structural evolution and phase transformation of the small-molecule donor both during and shortly after spin-casting; such behavior is not known to occur in polymer-fullerene BHJ solar cells.
Das Folgenschwere Missverständnis: Bonn und die sowjetische Deutschlandpolitik 1949–1955 (1968)

Journal Article Das Folgenschwere Missverständnis: Bonn und die sowjetische Deutschlandpolitik 1949–1955 Get access Das Folgenschwere Missverständnis: Bonn und die sowjetische Deutschlandpolitik 1949–1955. By Klaus Erdmenger. Foreword by Waldemar Besson. Freiburg im Breisgau: Rombach. 1967. 177 pp. Bibliog. (‘Sozialwissenschaft in Theorie und Praxis.’ Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Waldemar Besson.) DM 18. David Childs David Childs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 44, Issue 3, July 1968, Pages 556–557, https://doi.org/10.2307/2615076 Published: 01 July 1968
Interdomain Linker of the Bioelecrocatalyst Cellobiose Dehydrogenase Governs the Electron Transfer (2023)

Direct bioelectrocatalysis applied in biosensors, biofuel cells, and bioelectrosynthesis is based on an efficient electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes in the absence of redox mediators. Some oxidoreductases are capable of direct electron transfer (DET), while others achieve the enzyme to electrode electron transfer (ET) by employing an electron-transferring domain. Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is the most-studied multidomain bioelectrocatalyst and features a catalytic flavodehydrogenase domain and a mobile, electron-transferring cytochrome domain connected by a flexible linker. The ET to the physiological redox partner lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase or, ex vivo, electrodes depends on the flexibility of the electron transferring domain and its connecting linker, but the regulatory mechanism is little understood. Studying the linker sequences of currently characterized CDH classes we observed that the inner, mobile linker sequence is flanked by two outer linker regions that are in close contact with the adjacent domain. A function-based definition of the linker region in CDH is proposed and has been verified by rationally designed variants of <i>Neurospora crassa</i> CDH. The effect of linker length and its domain attachment on electron transfer rates has been determined by biochemical and electrochemical methods, while distances between the domains of CDH variants were computed. This study elucidates the regulatory mechanism of the interdomain linker on electron transfer by determining the minimum linker length, observing the effects of elongated linkers, and testing the covalent stabilization of a linker part to the flavodehydrogenase domain. The evolutionary guided, rational design of the interdomain linker provides a strategy to optimize electron transfer rates in multidomain enzymes and maximize their bioelectrocatalytic performance.
LZTS1 downregulation confers paclitaxel resistance and is associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer (2013)

The Leucine Zipper Tumor Suppressor 1 (LZTS1) is a tumor suppressor gene, located at chromosome 8p22, which is frequently altered in human cancer. In normal tissue, its ubiquitous expression regulates cell mitosis by the stabilization of microtubule networks. LZTS1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts have been shown to have an accelerated mitotic progression, and a higher resistance to taxanes, microtubule-stabilizing drugs. We investigate the role of Lzts1 in paclitaxel-resistance in breast cancer cells. Downregulation of Lzts1 expression significantly decreases sensitivity to paclitaxel in vitro. We further analyzed Lzts1 expression by immunohistochemistry in 270 primary breast cancer samples and 16 normal breast specimens. Lzts1 was significantly downregulated in breast cancer samples and its deregulation was associated with a higher incidence of tumor recurrence, and to a worse overall survival. Moreover, Lzts1-negative tumors were associated with unfavorable outcome after taxanes-based therapy. Thus our data suggest that Lzts1 deregulation is involved in breast cancer and its immunohistochemical evaluation may serve as a prognostic factor for breast cancer therapy.
Integrated, Feed-Forward Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation in SIMULINK and its Use for Power Management Studies (2001)

A hybrid electric vehicle simulation tool (HE-VESIM) has been developed at the Automotive Research Center of the University of Michigan to study the fuel economy potential of hybrid military/civilian trucks. In this paper, the fundamental architecture of the feed-forward parallel hybrid-electric vehicle system is described, together with dynamic equations and basic features of sub-system modules. Two vehicle-level power management control algorithms are assessed, a rule-based algorithm, which mainly explores engine efficiency in an intuitive manner, and a dynamic-programming optimization algorithm. Simulation results over the urban driving cycle demonstrate the potential of the selected hybrid system to significantly improve vehicle fuel economy, the improvement being greater when the dynamicprogramming power management algorithm is applied.
Hardware Implementation of Task-based Quantization in Multi-user Signal Recovery (2023)

Quantization plays a critical role in digital signal processing systems, allowing the representation of continuous amplitude signals with a finite number of bits. However, accurately representing signals requires a large number of quantization bits, which causes severe cost, power consumption, and memory burden. A promising way to address this issue is task-based quantization. By exploiting the task information for the overall system design, task-based quantization can achieve satisfying performance with low quantization costs. In this work, we apply task-based quantization to multi-user signal recovery and present a hardware prototype implementation. The prototype consists of a tailored configurable combining board, and a software-based processing and demonstration system. Through experiments, we verify that with proper design, the task-based quantization achieves a reduction of 25 fold in memory by reducing from 16 receivers with 16 bits each to 2 receivers with 5 bits each, without compromising signal recovery performance.