gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon catabolite repression in Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum (2012)

Co-utilization of sugars can be achieved by mutation of HPr in T. saccharolyticum. Further manipulation of CCR in this organism will be instrumental in achieving complete and rapid conversion of all available sugars to ethanol.
H2 Evolution and Molecular Electrocatalysts: Determination of Overpotentials and Effect of Homoconjugation (2010)

In an effort to standardize the determination of overpotential values for H(2)-evolving catalysts in non-aqueous solvents and allow a reliable comparison of catalysts prepared and assayed by different groups, we propose to adopt the half-wave potential as reference potential. We provide a simple method for measuring it from usual stationary cyclic voltammograms, and we derive the formulas to which the measured potential should be compared, taking into account the effect of homoconjugation. We also revisit tabulated values of the standard reduction potential of protons in nonaqueous solvents, E(H+/H(2))°.
Thermal degradation behavior of selective zinc oxide coatings: an optical modeling approach (1985)

Anodically oxidized leaf zinc was exposed to several heat-treatment conditions, and the changes in the optical properties with such exposures were recorded in the form of spectral reflectance curves. The changes in these curves with exposure times were then modeled with several plausible coating structure changes. The approaches included an effective medium approximation and a nonstoichiometric semiconductor oxide model.
Inhibition of PAI-1 induces neutrophil-driven neoangiogenesis and promotes tissue regeneration via production of angiocrine factors in mice (2012)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an endogenous inhibitor of a major fibrinolytic factor, tissue-type plasminogen activator, can both promote and inhibit angiogenesis. However, the physiologic role and the precise mechanisms underlying the angiogenic effects of PAI-1 remain unclear. In the present study, we report that pharmacologic inhibition of PAI-1 promoted angiogenesis and prevented tissue necrosis in a mouse model of hind-limb ischemia. Improved tissue regeneration was due to an expansion of circulating and tissue-resident granulocyte-1 marker (Gr-1(+)) neutrophils and to increased release of the angiogenic factor VEGF-A, the hematopoietic growth factor kit ligand, and G-CSF. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated increased amounts of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in ischemic gastrocnemius muscle tissues of PAI-1 inhibitor-treated animals. Ab neutralization and genetic knockout studies indicated that both the improved tissue regeneration and the increase in circulating and ischemic tissue-resident Gr-1(+) neutrophils depended on the activation of tissue-type plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and on VEGF-A and FGF-2. These results suggest that pharmacologic PAI-1 inhibition activates the proangiogenic FGF-2 and VEGF-A pathways, which orchestrates neutrophil-driven angiogenesis and induces cell-driven revascularization and is therefore a potential therapy for ischemic diseases.
SON DNA‐binding protein mediates macrophage autophagy and responses to intracellular infection (2020)

Intracellular pathogens affect diverse host cellular defence and metabolic pathways. Here, we used infection with Francisella tularensis to identify SON DNA-binding protein as a central determinant of macrophage activities. RNAi knockdown of SON increases survival of human macrophages following F. tularensis infection or inflammasome stimulation. SON is required for macrophage autophagy, interferon response factor 3 expression, type I interferon response and inflammasome-associated readouts. SON knockdown has gene- and stimulus-specific effects on inflammatory gene expression. SON is required for accurate splicing and expression of GBF1, a key mediator of cis-Golgi structure and function. Chemical GBF1 inhibition has similar effects to SON knockdown, suggesting that SON controls macrophage functions at least in part by controlling Golgi-associated processes.
Ceramics Imaging (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 An Overview of Imaging Methods 3 Imaging of Green-State Ceramics 4 Imaging of Sintered Ceramics 5 Imaging of Fluids in Ceramics 6 Local Measurements 7 Conclusions 8 Biographical Sketch Related Articles
Radiographic Observation of a Case of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in Stomach. (2001)

A case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in stomach was presented. Serial barium meal x-ray examinations revealed an enlarging elevated lesion on the fornix of the stomach. Tumor volume doubling time was found to be 299 days. Microscopic and immunohistochemical studies of the resected tumor disclosed GIST, uncommitted type, low grade malignant/potentially malignant. A radiographic feature of this rare type of gastric submucosal tumor was demonstrated in this report.
Managing Complex Network Operation with Predictive Analytics (2008)

Complex networks play an important role in modern societies. Their failures, such as power grid blackouts, would lead to significant disruption of people’s life, industry and commercial activities, and result in massive economic losses. Operation of these complex networks is an extremely challenging task due to their complex structures, wide geographical coverage, complex data/information technology systems, and highly dynamic and nonlinear behaviors. None of the complex network operation is fully automated; human-in-the-loop operation is critical. Given the complexity involved, there may be thousands of possible topological configurations at any given time. During an emergency, it is not uncommon for human operators to examine thousands of possible configurations in near real-time to choose the best option and operate the network effectively. In today’s practice, network operation is largely based on experience with very limited real-time decision support, resulting in inadequate management of complex predictions and inability to anticipate, recognize, and respond to situations caused by human errors, natural disasters, and cyber attacks. A systematic approach is needed to manage the complex operation paradigms and choose the best option in a near-real-time manner. This paper applies predictive analytics techniques to establish a decision support system for complex network operation management and helpmore » operators to predict potential network failures and adapt the network to adverse situations. The resultant decision support system enables continuous monitoring of network performance and turns large amounts of data into actionable information. Examples with actual power grid data are presented to demonstrate the capability of this proposed decision support system.« less
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of maintenance treatment in bronchial asthma (2008)

Uncontrolled course of asthma leads to ineffective consumption of healthcare resources and increase in indirect costs due to work-off days, disability and increased mortality. The aim of this pharmacoeconomic study was economic substantiation of maintenance treatment in asthma. Pharmacoecomonic analysis was performed retrospectively using data of clinical and population-based trial, monitoring of drug prices and sales, law papers. Maximal rate of achievement of long-term asthma control was 75 % (according to the GOAL study), the mean cost of medications for asthma treatment was 16,006.42 rubles per 1 patients per a year. Length of inpatient stay, calls for emergency service, unscheduled visits to a doctor and work-off days were 22.88; 4.46; 2.28; and 22.80 vs. 0.136; 0; 0.08; and 0.008 in uncontrolled and fully controlled asthma, respectively. The costs provided by unscheduled consumption of healthcare resources were 37,872 and 12223.73 rubles per 1 patient per a year, respectively. The total cost was 25,642.25 rubles per 1 patient per a year under use of maintenance treatment and 37,872.12 rubles per 1 patient per a year without the maintenance therapy. Therefore, the saving effect was 12,230 rubles. In conclusion, maintenance treatment for achieving the full asthma control is economically reasonable and well-founded.
Dual NADPH oxidases DUOX1 and DUOX2 synthesize NAADP and are necessary for Ca 2+ signaling during T cell activation (2021)

The formation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> microdomains during T cell activation is initiated by the production of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) from its reduced form NAADPH. The reverse reaction—NAADP to NAADPH—is catalyzed by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Here, we identified NADPH oxidases NOX and DUOX as NAADP-forming enzymes that convert NAADPH to NAADP under physiological conditions in vitro. T cells express NOX1, NOX2, and, to a minor extent, DUOX1 and DUOX2. Local and global Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling were decreased in mouse T cells with double knockout of <i>Duoxa1</i> and <i>Duoxa2</i> but not with knockout of <i>Nox1</i> or <i>Nox2.</i> Ca<sup>2+</sup> microdomains in the first 15 s upon T cell activation were significantly decreased in <i>Duox2<sup>−/−</sup></i> but not in <i>Duox1<sup>−/−</sup></i> T cells, whereas both DUOX1 and DUOX2 were required for global Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling between 4 and 12 min after stimulation. Our findings suggest that a DUOX2- and G6PD-catalyzed redox cycle rapidly produces and degrades NAADP through NAADPH as an inactive intermediate.
Risk-sensitive Reinforcement Learning and Robust Learning for Control (2021)

We develop new foundations for Robust Reinforcement Learning for control, by exploring analytically the relation between the KL-regularized Reinforcement Learning and the Risk-sensitive Control "exponential of integral" criteria. We establish that the maximization of the risk-sensitive exponential criterion is equivalent to maximizing the KL-regularized objective jointly over the policy and the reference policy parameters. We show that the iterative procedure for optimizing the KL-regularized objective, by substituting the reference policy at each iteration with the optimal policy parameter obtained from the previous iteration, starting from some initial value, which is at the core of a number of well-known Reinforcement Learning algorithms, is an iterative approach for optimizing the risk-sensitive control exponential of integral criterion. We provide an interpretation of this iterative optimization procedure as the use of Minorization-Maximization (MM) algorithms. We offer a probabilistic interpretation of the iterative optimization procedure using Probabilistic Graphical Models to motivate the improved performance of such risk-sensitive objectives.
Carbon-hydrogen oxidative addition and reductive elimination reactions in a dinuclear iridium complex (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-hydrogen oxidative addition and reductive elimination reactions in a dinuclear iridium complexWilliam D. McGhee, Frederick J. Hollander, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 25, 8428–8443Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00233a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Inhibitory Efficacy ofCycloSal-Nucleoside Monophosphates of Aciclovir and Brivudin on DNA Synthesis of Orthopoxviruses (2006)

Previous studies have shown that cycloSaligenyl-monophosphate (cycloSal-MP) derivatives of aciclovir (ACV), penciclovir (PCV) and brivudin (BVDU) can act as inhibitors of vaccinia virus and cowpox virus replication in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibatory efficacy on DNA synthesis in vaccinia and cowpox viruses of several cycloSal-pro-nucleotides of ACV and BVDU, which have proven activity against pox viruses. Viral DNA was quantified in treated and non-treated virus-infected cells by semi-quantitative PCR on the basis of the haemagglutinin protein gene of orthopoxviruses. As result, an inhibitory efficacy on vaccinia and cowpox virus DNA replication could be demonstrated for 3-methyl-cycloSal-ACVMP, 5-H-cycloSal-ACVMP, 6-chloro-7-ECM-cycloSal-3'-OH-BVDUMP, and 6-chloro-7-methyl-cycloSal-3'-OH-BVDUMP. At concentrations of 32-128 mg/ml, 3-methyl-cyc/oSal-ACVMP and 6-chloro-7-ECM-cycloSal-3'OH-BVDUMP inhibited synthesis of viral DNA to a similar extent as the well-known inhibitors of pox viruses, cidofovir and 5-iodo-dUrd (deoxyuridine). When concentrations of 128 mg/ml were administered, both test substances diminished the amount of viral genome copies by > or =4 log10 corresponding to > or =99.99% reduction. In conclusion, selected cycloSal-pro-nucleotide derivatives of ACV and BVDU can inhibit orthopoxviral DNA synthesis. The high inhibitory efficacy on both replication of viral DNA and infectious viral particles in cell cultures makes these compounds promising candidates for in vivo experiments.
Optical spectroscopy and field-enhanced emission of an oxide trap induced by hot-hole injection in a silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (1989)

The oxide traps created by hot-hole injection in the thin gate oxide of n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor are optically and electrically characterized. Photodepopulation spectroscopy is used to investigate their photodetrapping kinetics. A threshold at 3 eV is found for the photoionization cross section. The effect of the electric field on the emission is analyzed using the Poole–Frenkel model. We show that a localized energy level in the range 2–3 eV below the SiO2 conduction band is associated with trap. It is spatially localized above the drain region of the transistor.
iRGD in combination with IL-2 reprograms tumor immunosuppression. (2019)

55 Background: Fibrotic solid tumors have lagged in immunotherapy efficacy. Although breast cancer (BC) shows modest single-agent activity, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) immunotherapy has repeatedly failed in clinical trials. A protective desmoplastic, inflammatory reaction encapsulates BC and PDAC where it can make up to 80% of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Reports in BC and PDAC patients and mouse models suggest that tumoricidal effector CD8+ T-cells are indeed present, yet suppressed by regulatory CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid cells. Long-term PDAC and BC survivors harbor CD8+ T-cells by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and although inactivated (CD107a-), they are not terminally exhausted (PD-1 low ). Further, when CD8+ T-cells were found in large quantities within a treatment-naïve biopsy, that patient had an increased overall survival. We hypothesize that low doses of the T-cell proliferative cytokine IL-2 can class switch the TME T-cells if specifically concentrated within the tumor by the stroma-penetrating peptide iRGD. Methods: Subcutaneous BC tumors (4T1) and PDAC (KPC ) tumors were formed in immunocompetent mouse models. Mice were treated with either vehicle, iRGD, IL-2, or both in combination. Tumors were preserved for IHC or enzymatically digested for FACS. CD45+ live cells were fluorescently labeled for effector T-cells (CD4+/CD44+ or CD8+/CD44+), Tregs (CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+), or cytotoxic T-cells (CD8+/CD44+/Granzyme B+/IL-2+). Results: Versus normal controls, tumors from BC and PDAC both showed a subsequent increase in bulk CD3+ T-cells within the tumor microenvironment (14.3% ± 5 vs. 27.6% ± 8). A significant increase in CD3+ T-cells within all tumors (10%) occured with iRGD only, IL-2 only, or iRGD + IL-2 treatment. Whereas sub-populations of T-cells in the iRGD only and IL-2 only treatment groups was overwhelming composed of Tregs (5%) at CD4/Treg and CD8/Treg ratios of 1.75 and 0.5 respectively, the combination of iRGD + IL-2 shifted the T-cell sub-populations away from Tregs (1.5%) and towards increased CD4/Treg and CD8/Treg ratios (4 and 12 respectively). Conclusions: The combination of iRGD + IL-2 is capable of reprogramming the immunosuppressive Treg tumor microenvironment, increasing effector CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells.
MRI-guided Fluorescence Molecular Tomography to Image Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Status in Brain Tumors (2010)

The diagnostic potential of MRI-coupled fluorescence tomography of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in brain cancer was demonstrated. Perfect diagnostic performance was observed between mice inoculated with EGFR(+) or EGFR(−) tumor cells.
Disability in inflammatory bowel diseases: Developing ICF core sets for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases based on the international classification of functioning, disability, and health (2009)

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are associated with a reduced quality of life. The impact of IBD on disability remains largely unknown. With the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization (WHO), we can now rely on a globally agreed-upon framework and system for classifying the typical spectrum of problems in the functioning of persons with a specific disease given the environmental context in which they live. The aim of this article is to outline the methods to be utilized to develop ICF Core Sets for IBD. The project is a cooperation between the ICF Research Branch of the WHO, the IPNIC group, the International Society of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM), and the International Organization on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IOIBD). Four worldwide studies will be conducted from 2009 to 2010. ICF categories relevant for IBD will be identified by systematic literature review of outcomes and measures used in IBD research, semistructured patient interviews, Internet-based expert survey, and cross-sectional study for clinical applicability. The final definition of ICF Core Sets for IBD will be determined at a Consensus Conference. Field testing will then be used to validate the ICF Core Sets. ICF Core Sets are being designed to provide useful standards for research and clinical practice. This tool will enable research that improves understanding of functioning, disability, and health in IBD, and may lead to interventions to improve and maintain functioning and minimize disability among IBD patients throughout the world.
A thermostable oral SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces mucosal and protective immunity (2021)

Abstract An ideal protective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 should not only be effective in preventing disease, but also in preventing virus transmission. It should also be well accepted by the population and have a simple logistic chain. To fulfill these criteria, we developed a thermostable, orally administered vaccine that can induce a robust mucosal neutralizing immune response. We used our platform based on retrovirus-derived enveloped virus-like particles (e-VLPs) harnessed with variable surface proteins (VSPs) from the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia , affording them resistance to degradation and the triggering of robust mucosal cellular and antibody immune responses after oral administration. We made e-VLPs expressing various forms of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S), with or without membrane protein (M) expression. We found that prime-boost administration of VSP-decorated e-VLPs expressing a pre-fusion stabilized form of S and M triggers robust mucosal responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and hamsters, which translate into complete protection from a viral challenge. Moreover, they dramatically boosted the IgA mucosal response of intramuscularly injected vaccines. We conclude that our thermostable orally administered e-VLP vaccine could be a valuable addition to the current arsenal against SARS-CoV-2, in a stand-alone prime-boost vaccination strategy or as a boost for existing vaccines.
Evaluation of RNA and E2 antibodies in prospectively followed recipients of hepatitis G virus‐infected blood (1999)

These results do not support the screening of donors to prevent transfusion-associated HGV infection.
Depender graphs: A method of fault-tolerant certificate distribution (2002)

On page 328, in the proof of Theorem 1, the definition of 'neighborhood' must be changed to be consistent with the definition of 'rank' used there.
Supplementary table S1 from T Cells Expressing Checkpoint Receptor TIGIT Are Enriched in Follicular Lymphoma Tumors and Characterized by Reversible Suppression of T-cell Receptor Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antibodies used for flow cytometry analysis and TCR activation&lt;/p&gt;
Nanomonitors: Electrical Immunoassays for Protein Biomarker Profiling (2008)

The performance parameters of the nanomonitors, such as speed of detection on the order of minutes, volume of reagents of a few microliters and low cost per assay are comparable to traditional assay methods, such as ELISA. In addition, nanomonitors also provide the advantages of being a label-free technique with large linear dynamic range of detection and a significant reduction in the size of assay, thus making it an ideal candidate for a clinical diagnostic 'lab-on-a-chip' device for protein biomarker profiling and hence early disease diagnosis.
DNA-Functionalized Supramolecular Polymers: Dynamic Multicomponent Assemblies with Emergent Properties (2019)

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in hybrid molecular systems in which the programmability of DNA hybridization is used to introduce enhanced molecular control in synthetic systems. The first examples of DNA-functionalized supramolecular polymers have been reported only recently, but have already revealed structural and functional properties that are not easily obtained in either synthetic supramolecular polymers or DNA-only based systems. In this Topical Review, we provide an overview of the various forms of additional control offered by DNA hybridization for different types of supramolecular polymers and discuss how orthogonal supramolecular interactions in these hybrid systems can give rise to emergent structural and functional properties.
Two-dimensional and 3D multi-component photonic crystals: theory and experiment (2008)

We report on an analytical study of the photonic band structure of 2D and 3D multi-component photonic crystals. It is found that both types of crystal demonstrate a quasiperiodic resonant behavior of (hkl) photonic stop-bands as a function of the reciprocal lattice vector, providing a selective ON/OFF switching of nonresonant (hkl) stop-bands. Our predictions are compared with the results of conventional numerical studies using the photonic Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker method. Experimental transmission spectra of a-SiO2 synthetic opals show the OFF-switching of the {111} stop-bands at the filler permittivity of ~1.82, the {200} bands at ~1.63, the {220} bands at ~1.93, and the {311} bands at ~1.75. The (222) photonic stop-band, which is due to the second order diffraction from the (111) planes, cannot be switched OFF in a wide range of filler permittivity values, thus indicating a resonant behavior. The experimental data demonstrate an excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions.