gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Statistical Approach to Continuous Self-Calibrating Eye Gaze Tracking for Head-Mounted Virtual Reality Systems (2017)

We present a novel, automatic eye gaze tracking scheme inspired by smooth pursuit eye motion while playing mobile games or watching virtual reality contents. Our algorithm continuously calibrates an eye tracking system for a head mounted display. This eliminates the need for an explicit calibration step and automatically compensates for small movements of the headset with respect to the head. The algorithm finds correspondences between corneal motion and screen space motion, and uses these to generate Gaussian Process Regression models. A combination of those models provides a continuous mapping from corneal position to screen space position. Accuracy is nearly as good as achieved with an explicit calibration step.
Lifelong CRF overproduction is associated with altered gene expression and sensitivity of discrete GABAA and mGlu receptor subtypes (2011)

We found that lifelong CRF overproduction is associated with altered gene expression and reduced functional sensitivity of discrete GABA(A) and mGluR receptor subtypes. These findings suggest that sustained over-activation of cerebral CRF receptors may contribute to the development of altered stress-related behavior via modulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission.
Fatigue peculiarity of metals treated by laser shock impact (2022)

The work is devoted to experimental investigation of laser shock peening (LSP) effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of metals. ARMCO-iron and Titanium Grade 2 are chosen for the study. Samples were subjected to laser shock peening. After that, investigation of residual stress on heat generation during fatigue loading was performed. To study the damage-induced heating the fatigue tests were coupled with infrared thermography measurements. The results of the study have shown that LSP procedure qualitatively changes temperature evolution in both materials under cyclic loading. The heating (energy dissipation) of specimens after LSP was several times higher than in initial state.
Survivin Is Not Induced by Novel Taxanes (2010)

Taxanes are a critical component of chemotherapy for breast, prostate, lung and other cancers. Initial or acquired tumor resistance to taxanes is therefore one of the most important issues in oncology. Survivin is a prosurvival gene whose expression is a poor prognostic feature. Survivin is induced acutely upon exposure to taxanes and coordinates resistance to taxane-mediated cell death, although the exact mechanism of taxane-mediated survivin induction is not clear. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of novel taxanes, with modifications on the 7- or 10-position of the taxane backbone, as well as the side chain. We found that the novel taxanes with modifications at the 10-position have robust tubulin binding and tubulin polymerization activity. Gene expression profiling and quantitative PCR of cells treated with the 10-position conjugates reveals that the effect of treatment with a subset of these novel taxanes lacks a gene expression signature, including survivin induction, which is characteristically induced with paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, we show that this gene expression signature is not due to differences in G2/M arrest. Cell sensitivity studies suggest that the inability to induce survivin is associated with increased drug cytotoxicity and apoptosis. This work suggests that taxanes that effectively bind tubulin need not invariably induce survivin as a mechanism of drug resistance.
Inhibition of thrombus formation on intravascular sensors by electrical polarization (1984)

Implantable biomedical sensors built on a silicon substrate capped with glass are currently being developed for intravascular applications. Electrical techniques for inhibiting thrombus formation on the surface of a proposed optical sensor in direct contact with blood have been investigated. Glass-on-silicon specimens (4 X 1.2 X 0.4 mm3) were coated with indium-tin oxide, a transparent conductor, and implanted in the vena cava and iliac veins of three dogs for 10, 20, or 33 days. The equilibrium surface-blood interface potentials of the specimens were modified by implanted current sources which supplied either direct current (8-15 microA) or 100 KHz alternating current (5 microA, root mean square). Light-microscopic and scanning electron-microscopic analyses showed each of the DC-polarized specimens to be free of thrombus, in contrast to nonpolarized (control) specimens on which varying amounts of adsorbed protein and thrombus deposits were found. Like the control specimens, the AC-polarized specimens formed thrombus, but the appearance of the deposits differed. These findings support the view that the polarity, magnitude and time dependence of the potential across conducting surface-blood interface significantly influence thrombogenicity. Further work is necessary to determine the roles of electrochemical and electrostatic factors in preventing thrombus formation on foreign materials.
Abstract 1750: Combined blockade of Aurora A and JAK2 kinase is highly effective at inhibiting malignant transformation (2014)

Abstract Our ongoing efforts to validate kinases for cancer therapy led to the novel finding that ectopic expression of JAK2 and Aurora A together is more effective than each alone at inducing normal cells to grow in an anchorage-independent manner and to invade. In addition, siRNA silencing or pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 and Aurora A with Ruxolitinib and Alisertib, respectively, is more effective than blocking each kinase alone at suppressing anchorage-dependent and -independent growth and invasion as well as at inducing apoptosis. This led us to develop dual Aurora and JAK inhibitors, AJI-214 and AJI-100, which potently inhibit the activities of Aurora A, Aurora B and JAK2 in vitro. In human cancer cells, these dual inhibitors block the auto-phosphorylation of Aurora A (Thr-288) and the phosphorylation of the Aurora B substrate histone H3 (Ser-10) and the JAK2 substrate STAT3 (Tyr-705). Furthermore, AJI-214 and AJI-100 inhibit anchorage dependent and independent cell growth and invasion and induce G2/M cell cycle accumulation and apoptosis. Finally, the more soluble AJI-100 was effective at inducing tumor regression of human xenografts in mice. Taken together, our genetic and pharmacological studies indicate that targeting Aurora A and JAK2 together is a more effective approach than each alone at inhibiting malignant transformation and warrant further advanced pre clinical investigations of dual Aurora A/JAK2 inhibitors as potential anti tumor agents. Citation Format: Said M. Sebti, Hua Yang, Harshani Lawrence, Aslamuzzaman Kazi, Harsukh Gervaria, Ronil Patel, Yunting Luo, Uwe Rix, Ernst Schonbrunn, Nicholas Lawrence. Combined blockade of Aurora A and JAK2 kinase is highly effective at inhibiting malignant transformation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1750. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1750
Dose response biology of resveratrol in obesity (2014)

Obesity is a major health problem throughout the world, and it is increasing both in prevalence and severity. Pharmaceutical approaches developed for the treatment of obesity, despite short-term benefits, often are associated with rebound weight gain after the cessation of drug use and serious side effects deriving from the medication can occur. Resveratrol has been well recognized as an anti-obesity substance for its lipid-lowering function as well as calorie-restriction effect. This polyphenol induces hormetic dose responses in a wide range of biological models, affecting numerous endpoints of biomedical and therapeutic significance. From an hormetic standpoint, we will discuss the potential relevance of resveratrol in the management of obesity and related comorbid conditions, emphasizing its ability to control simultaneously various pathological mechanisms associated with obesity.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors with Tyrosine Kinase Domain Mutations Exhibit Reduced Cbl Association, Poor Ubiquitylation, and Down-regulation but Are Efficiently Internalized (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors with Tyrosine Kinase Domain Mutations Exhibit Reduced Cbl Association, Poor Ubiquitylation, and Down-regulation but Are Efficiently Internalized
Prion protein gene polymorphisms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2003)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome encodes several proteins that, in laboratory strains, can take up a stable, transmissible prion form. In each case, this requires the Asn/Gln-rich prion-forming domain (PrD) of the protein to be intact. In order to further understand the evolutionary significance of this unusual property, we have examined four different prion genes and their corresponding PrDs, from a number of naturally occurring strains of S. cerevisiae. In 4 of the 16 strains studied we identified a new allele of the SUP35 gene (SUP35delta19) that contains a 19-amino-acid deletion within the N-terminal PrD, a deletion that eliminates the prion property of Sup35p. In these strains a second prion gene, RNQ1, was found to be highly polymorphic, with eight different RNQ1 alleles detected in the six diploid strains studied. In contrast, for one other prion gene (URE2) and the sequence of the NEW1 gene encoding a PrD, no significant degree of DNA polymorphism was detected. Analysis of the naturally occurring alleles of RNQ1 and SUP35 indicated that the various polymorphisms identified were associated with DNA tandem repeats (6, 12, 33, 42 or 57 bp) within the coding sequences. The expansion and contraction of DNA repeats within the RNQ1 gene may provide an evolutionary mechanism that can ensure rapid change between the [PRION+] and [prion-] states.
Fluorescently Labeled Branched Polymers and Thermal Responsive Nanoparticles for Live Cell Imaging (2012)

Branched poly(methoxy-PEG acrylate) and thermally responsive poly(methoxy-PEG acrylate)-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) are synthesized by RAFT polymerization. After reduction, these polymers are fluorescently labeled by reacting the free thiol groups with N-(5-fluoresceinyl)maleimide. As shown by DLS, the labeled copolymer poly(methoxy-PEG acrylate)-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) forms nanoparticles at body temperature (37 °C) due to the presence of the thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). These materials were used as bioprobes for imaging HUVECs in vitro and chick embryo CAM in vivo. Both labeled polymer and nanoparticles are biocompatible and can be used as efficient fluorescent bioprobes.
Hematopoietic neoplasms in Prkar2a-deficient mice (2015)

Prkar2a deficiency predisposes to hematopoietic malignancies in vivo. RIIα's likely association with HS and DLBCL was hitherto unrecognized and may lead to better understanding of these rare neoplasms.
Distal Radius Microstructure and Finite Element Bone Strain Are Related to Site-Specific Mechanical Loading and Areal Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women (2017)

Abstract While weight-bearing and resistive exercise modestly increases aBMD, the precise relationship between physical activity and bone microstructure, and strain in humans is not known. Previously, we established a voluntary upper-extremity loading model that assigns a person’s target force based on their subject-specific, continuum FE-estimated radius bone strain. Here, our purpose was to quantify the inter-individual variability in radius microstructure and FE-estimated strain explained by site-specific mechanical loading history, and to determine whether variability in strain is captured by aBMD, a clinically relevant measure of bone density and fracture risk. Seventy-two women aged 21-40 were included in this cross-sectional analysis. High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) was used to measure macro- and micro-structure in the distal radius. Mean energy equivalent strain in the distal radius was calculated from continuum finite element models generated from clinical resolution CT images of the forearm. Areal BMD was used in a nonlinear regression model to predict FE strain. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to assess the predictive capability of intrinsic (age, height) and modifiable (body mass, grip strength, physical activity) predictors. Fifty-one percent of the variability in FE bone strain was explained by its relationship with aBMD, with higher density predicting lower strains. Age and height explained up to 31.6% of the variance in microstructural parameters. Body mass explained 9.1% and 10.0% of the variance in aBMD and bone strain, respectively, with higher body mass indicative of greater density. Overall, results suggest that meaningful differences in bone structure and strain can be predicted by subject characteristics. Highlights Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) explains 51% of the variability in bone strain. Adult bone loading predicts greater cortical porosity and trabecular density. Greater body mass predicts greater aBMD and lower bone strain.
Cysteine proteases during larval migration and development of helminths in their final host (2018)

Neglected tropical diseases caused by metazoan parasites are major public health concerns, and therefore, new methods for their control and elimination are needed. Research over the last 25 years has revealed the vital contribution of cysteine proteases to invasion of and migration by (larval) helminth parasites through host tissues, in addition to their roles in embryogenesis, molting, egg hatching, and yolk degradation. Their central function to maintaining parasite survival in the host has made them prime intervention targets for novel drugs and vaccines. This review focuses on those helminth cysteine proteases that have been functionally characterized during the varied early stages of development in the human host and embryogenesis.
Comparative Oncology Evaluation of Intravenous Recombinant Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Therapy in Spontaneous Canine Cancer (2017)

Clinical translation of intravenous therapies to treat disseminated or metastatic cancer is imperative. Comparative oncology, the evaluation of novel cancer therapies in animals with spontaneous cancer, can be utilized to inform and accelerate clinical translation. Preclinical murine studies demonstrate that single-shot systemic therapy with a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-IFNβ-NIS, a novel recombinant oncolytic VSV, can induce curative remission in tumor-bearing mice. Clinical translation of VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy is dependent on comprehensive assessment of clinical toxicities, virus shedding, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in clinically relevant models. Dogs spontaneously develop cancer with comparable etiology, clinical progression, and response to therapy as human malignancies. A comparative oncology study was carried out to investigate feasibility and tolerability of intravenous oncolytic VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy in pet dogs with spontaneous cancer. Nine dogs with various malignancies were treated with a single intravenous dose of VSV-IFNβ-NIS. Two dogs with high-grade peripheral T-cell lymphoma had rapid but transient remission of disseminated disease and transient hepatotoxicity that resolved spontaneously. There was no shedding of infectious virus. Correlative pharmacokinetic studies revealed elevated levels of VSV RNA in blood in dogs with measurable disease remission. This is the first evaluation of intravenous oncolytic virus therapy for spontaneous canine cancer, demonstrating that VSV-IFNβ-NIS is well-tolerated and safe in dogs with advanced or metastatic disease. This approach has informed clinical translation, including dose and target indication selection, leading to a clinical investigation of intravenous VSV-IFNβ-NIS therapy, and provided preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy and potential biomarkers that correlate with therapeutic response. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 316-26. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Historical review of research and development on linear antennas in Tohoku University (2014)

Invention and development of the Yagi-Uda antenna, and self-complementary antennas in Tohoku University, Japan are described. Analysis methods of large loop antennas is also presented.
Cover Feature: Are Phosphatidic Acids Ubiquitous in Mammalian Tissues or Overemphasized in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Applications? (Anal. Sens. 5/2023) (2023)

The cover feature image shows a cartoon representation of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), which can produce in-source fragmentation of lipids and cause artificial annotations from biological samples, particularly for phosphatidic acids. Whether these annotations are endogenous or artificial may be assessed by comparison with nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (nano-DESI-MSI). More information can be found in the Research Article by Christopher Anderton and co-workers.
Registration of medical images for surgical action: use of optical sensors and matching algorithm (2000)

We propose in this paper to deal with the notion of medical image registration: both physicians and surgeons need in the patient room or in the operation theater images of the medical target to reach and treat; these images can be very precise and come from a pre-operative acquisition device (NMR, CT-scanner,...) or from a per-operative set of sensors (active or passive infra-red sensors, laser acquisition, numerical 2D X rays, 3D echography,...). The main problem is then how to compare these multi-modal images having different resolutions and extracting different features (anatomic or functional) from the patient medical reality? In a first section, we present the hard side with essentially optical sensing methods; after, in a second section, we present an example of matching algorithm built in order to compare and super-impose pre- and per-operative images.
Acute sensitivity of a broad range of freshwater mussels to chemicals with different modes of toxic action (2016)

Freshwater mussels, one of the most imperiled groups of animals in the world, are generally underrepresented in toxicity databases used for the development of ambient water quality criteria and other environmental guidance values. Acute 96-h toxicity tests were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of 5 species of juvenile mussels from 2 families and 4 tribes to 10 chemicals (ammonia, metals, major ions, and organic compounds) and to screen 10 additional chemicals (mainly organic compounds) with a commonly tested mussel species, fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea). In the multi-species study, median effect concentrations (EC50s) among the 5 species differed by a factor of ≤2 for chloride, potassium, sulfate, and zinc; a factor of ≤5 for ammonia, chromium, copper, and nickel; and factors of 6 and 12 for metolachlor and alachlor, respectively, indicating that mussels representing different families or tribes had similar sensitivity to most of the tested chemicals, regardless of modes of action. There was a strong linear relationship between EC50s for fatmucket and the other 4 mussel species across the 10 chemicals (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.97, slope close to 1.0), indicating that fatmucket was similar to other mussel species; thus, this commonly tested species can be a good surrogate for protecting other mussels in acute exposures. The sensitivity of juvenile fatmucket among different populations or cultured from larvae of wild adults and captive-cultured adults was also similar in acute exposures to copper or chloride, indicating captive-cultured adult mussels can reliably be used to reproduce juveniles for toxicity testing. In compiled databases for all freshwater species, 1 or more mussel species were among the 4 most sensitive species for alachlor, ammonia, chloride, potassium, sulfate, copper, nickel, and zinc; therefore, the development of water quality criteria and other environmental guidance values for these chemicals should reflect the sensitivity of mussels. In contrast, the EC50s of fatmucket tested in the single-species study were in the high percentiles (>75th) of species sensitivity distributions for 6 of 7 organic chemicals, indicating mussels might be relatively insensitive to organic chemicals in acute exposures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:786-796. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Akt enhances the vulnerability of cancer cells to VCP/p97 inhibition-mediated paraptosis (2023)

Abstract Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, an AAA + ATPase that plays a pivotal role in proteostasis, is a potential therapeutic target for cancer. We report that targeting VCP preferentially kills breast cancer cells over non-transformed cells by inducing paraptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mode accompanied by the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria dilation. We also found that the expression of oncogenic HRas sensitizes non-transformed cells to VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis. The preferential vulnerability of cancer cells to VCP inhibition is associated with the non-attenuation and recovery of protein synthesis under proteotoxic stress. Mechanistically, mTORC2/Akt activation and eIF3d-dependent translation contribute to this translational recovery and proteotoxic stress enhancement. Additionally, the ATF4/DDIT4 axis enhances VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis by activating Akt. Considering that hyperactive Akt counteracts chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis, VCP inhibition may offer a therapeutic opportunity to exploit Akt-associated vulnerability in cancer cells by inducing paraptosis, sparing normal cells.
Package level thermal analysis of backside power delivery network (BS-PDN) configurations (2022)

This paper presents a thermal modeling analysis of the impact of the introduction of a backside power delivery network (BS-PDN) and assesses the trade-off between the beneficial and detrimental thermal consequences of this BS-PDN. In the BS-PDN concept, the power delivery network is moved to the backside of the chip, which enables enhanced system performance, increased chip-area utilization and reduced fine metal pitch BEOL complexity. The connectivity between the backside metals of the PDN and the transistors is provided by means of micro or nano through-Si vias, which requires an extreme thinning of the Si substrate. The potential self-heating issue due to this substrate thinning is the main thermal concern for the backside PDN concept. This paper focuses on the thermal modeling study for a TSV-last BS-PDN concept, for which the TSVs through the Si substrate are processed in the last step, after the processing of the front-end and power rails. A unit cell thermal finite element model of the via-last BS-PDN test case is used with size dependent thermal properties, derived from dedicated nanoscale Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation studies assess the thermal impact of the Si substrate thickness, the backside metals, and the density of the µTSVs.
A facile low temperature growth of CdTe nanocrystals using novel dithiocarbamate ligands in aqueous solution (2010)

Proline dithiocarbamic acid disodium salt (ProDTC) was first explored as a novel ligand, instead of the usual used thiols, for the synthesis of CdTe nanocrystals (NCs). Due to the weak bonding between Cd ions and ProDTC, CdTe NCs show rapid nucleation and growth at much lower temperature (30–50 °C) compared to the traditional synthesis in an aqueous solution. Moreover, faster growth of ProDTC-CdTe NCs under lower pH value was observed, while the thiol-CdTe system has an opposite tendency. The distinct growth kinetics is ascribed to the different complex constants between ProDTC-Cd and thiol-Cd, which has significant influence on the monomer activity. Although the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of as-prepared NCs was relatively low, it can be easily increased up to about 50% after further treatment of ligand exchange by replacing the surface-binding ProDTC molecules with the mercaptopropionic acid.