gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Intelligent Intersection. (2018)

Intersections are hazardous places. Threats arise from interactions among pedestrians, bicycles and vehicles, more complicated vehicle trajectories in the absence of lane markings, phases that prevent knowing who has the right of way, invisible vehicle approaches, vehicle obstructions, and illegal movements. These challenges are not fully addressed by the diet and road redesign prescribed in Vision Zero plans. Nor will they be completely overcome by autonomous vehicles with their many on-board sensors and tireless attention to sensor readings. 
Accidents can also occur because drivers, bicyclists and pedestrians do not have the information they need to avoid wrong decisions. In these cases, the missing information can be calculated and communicated by an intelligent intersection. The information gives the current full signal phase, an estimate of the time when the phase will change, the occupancy of the blind spots of the driver or autonomous vehicle, and detection of red-light violators. The paper develops a design of the intelligent intersection, motivated by the analysis of an accident at an intersection in Tempe, AZ, between an automated Uber Volvo and a manual Honda CRV. The intelligent intersection functions as a `protected intersection' using I2V communication.
Lung cancer screening: utility of molecular applications in conjunction with low-dose computed tomography guidelines (2016)

Finding early-stage lung cancer where there is a higher chance for patient survival remains a major healthcare challenge. Low-dose spiral computed tomography for high-risk patients can increase the detection of cancers with certain tradeoffs, such as increased radiation exposure and surgical risks for false-positive cases. New molecular markers and assays show considerable promise to further reduce healthcare costs and improve lung cancer survival rates but require further validation. This review summarizes and discusses the current state of research in lung cancer screening and highlights developments in biomarker research for lung cancer diagnostics.
Epidermal Growth Factor in Urine of Nonpregnant Women and Pregnant Women Throughout Pregnancy and At Delivery* (1988)

Human epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations were measured by a specific solid phase RIA in random urine samples collected throughout the menstrual cycle of normal menstruating women (n = 8), women with tubal sterilization (n = 6), women taking a low dose oral contraceptive (n = 5), and women throughout pregnancy (n = 52) and delivery (n = 35). There were no differences in EGF concentrations between the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle (P greater than 0.05). Normal menstruating women had higher urinary EGF concentrations [mean +/- SE, 37.2 +/- 6.0 micrograms/g creatinine (4.23 +/- 0.68 ng/mumol)] than women with tubal sterilization [32.7 +/- 4.0 (3.71 +/- 0.45)] or women taking a low dose oral contraceptive [19.5 +/- 6.0 (2.21 +/- 0.68)], but the differences were not significant (P greater than 0.05). During pregnancy, urinary EGF concentrations increased linearly from 6-20 weeks gestation (r = 0.76; P less than 0.001), then declined toward term (r = -0.71; P less than 0.001). EGF concentrations in early pregnancy (less than 12 weeks) or at term did not differ significantly from those in normal menstruating women (P greater than 0.05). For women delivering normal, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants, there was no correlation between urinary EGF concentrations and fetal weight or sex (P greater than 0.05). Urinary EGF concentrations in women delivering normal AGA infants [52.7 +/- 2.5 (5.98 +/- 0.28); n = 16] did not differ significantly (P greater than 0.05) from those in women with class A/B diabetes [41.9 +/- 2.8 (4.76 +/- 0.31); n = 6] or women delivering twins [45.6 +/- 2.6 (5.18 +/- 0.29); n = 8] with a greater fetoplacental mass. However, women delivering an intrauterine growth-retarded fetus with decreased fetoplacental mass had lower urinary EGF concentrations (24.9 +/- 2.2 (2.83 +/- 0.25); n = 5] than women with normal AGA infants (P less than 0.01). The significance of the rise in the urinary EGF concentration late in the second trimester and lower urinary EGF concentrations in women delivering intrauterine growth-retarded infants is not known, but may reflect an important physiological role for EGF in fetal-maternal hormonal interaction and development.
Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2017 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (2017)

This special issue of the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits is dedicated to papers taken from the best of the Analog, Data Converters, RF, Wireless, and Wireline Sessions at the IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) in San Francisco, CA, USA, held in February 2017. The Guest Editors of this special issue would like to thank the presenters in these sessions at the conference for their high-quality presentations, which made the selection process difficult. We would also like to extend our appreciation to the selected authors for their timely and excellent submissions, and to the reviewers who helped ensure the papers met our high-quality levels.
Frequency characteristics of changes in received levels by human body blockage in indoor environment (2016)

For fifth generation mobile communication systems (5G) utilization of band from 6 to 100 GHz are investigated to increase the system capacity, because ensuring a wide frequency band above 6 GHz is relatively easier than that under 6 GHz, which is used for IMT-Advanced systems. Moreover, utilizing small cell with base station antenna of which height is low is one of the promising candidates, since path loss becomes large due to higher frequency and necessity of increasing the system capacity. In above mentioned frequency and environments, influence of human body blockage increases compared to the existing systems. There are several reports regarding human body blockage in higher frequency band, however, it is considered that there are very few report regarding human body blockage in terms of frequency characteristics and more studies about these characteristics are needed. In this report, frequency characteristics of change in received level when pedestrians walk in indoor environment are investigated experimentally to clarify influence of human body shadowing in higher frequency band. Measurement is performed at 0.81GHz, 2.2 GHz and 19.85 GHz in indoor environment.
Response to Comment on “Neutrophil Apoptosis: Selective Regulation by Different Ligands of Integrin αMβ2” (2008)

We thank Drs. Pillay, Ulfman, and Koenderman for their comments and are pleased that they appear to accept our major conclusion that certain soluble ligands of αMβ2, including fibrinogen, delay neutrophil apoptosis by engaging both subunits of the integrin. The role of soluble fibrinogen in
Mask-induced best-focus shifts in deep ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet lithography (2016)

The mask plays a significant role as an active optical element in lithography, for both deep ultraviolet (DUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Mask-induced and feature-dependent shifts of the best-focus position and other aberration-like effects were reported both for DUV immersion and for EUV lithography. We employ rigorous computation of light diffraction from lithographic masks in combination with aerial image simulation to study the root causes of these effects and their dependencies from mask and optical system parameters. Special emphasis is put on the comparison of transmission masks for DUV lithography and reflective masks for EUV lithography, respectively. Several strategies to compensate the mask-induced phase effects are discussed.
Adsorption of nitro-substituted aromatics on single-walled carbon nanotubes (2010)

Molecular adsorption of nitroaromatic molecules on single-walled carbon nanotubes (NTs) was investigated using state-of-the-art ab initio calculations and conductivity measurements. In the calculations we considered both armchair and zigzag NTs of several diameters and treated adsorption both on pristine sidewalls and oxygenated defects. The resulting adsorption energies on the pristine sidewalls were found to increase linearly with the number of ${\text{NO}}_{2}$ groups and with the NT diameter. The adsorption mechanism is predominantly physisorption through $\ensuremath{\pi}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\pi}$ stacking, with additional contributions from the ${\text{NO}}_{2}$ groups. The calculated adsorption energies at oxygenated defects were found to be comparable with those on the pristine sidewall. In both cases the functional groups give rise to local electronic polarization and to shifts in vibrational lines due to small charge transfers. The dependence of adsorption energies on the number of ${\text{NO}}_{2}$ groups was found to be consistent with conductivity measurements on NT arrays exposed to trace amounts of nitroaromatic derivatives.
Chromosomal translocation t(18;21)(q23;q22.1) indicates novel susceptibility loci for frontotemporal dementia with ALS (2003)

A chromosomal translocation t(18;21)(q23;q22) is reported in a patient with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We exclude the physical involvement and silencing of the ALS-linked gene for copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) on chromosome 21q22.1. The breakpoints are assigned to sequences flanked by the markers ATA1H06, D18S462, D21S1915, and D21S1898. These critical regions may contain susceptibility loci for FTD associated with ALS.
Assessment of distributed-cycling schemes on 45nm NOR flash memory arrays (2012)

This paper investigates the validity of distributed-cycling schemes on scaled Flash memory technologies. These schemes rely on the possibility to emulate on-field device operation by increasing the cycling temperature according to an Arrhenius law, but the assessment of the activation energy that has to be used on scaled technologies requires a careful control of the experimental tests, preventing spurious second-order effects to emerge. In particular, long gate-stresses required to gather the array threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> ) map are shown to give rise to parasitic V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> -drifts, which add to the V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> -loss coming from damage recovery during post-cycling bake. When the superposition of the two phenomena is taken into account, the effectiveness of the conventional qualification schemes relying on a 1.1 eV activation energy is fully confirmed at the 45 nm NOR node.
Teaching und Training in der robotergestützten Chirurgie (2020)

The development and proliferation of robot-assisted surgery has greatly extended the field of minimally invasive surgery. Thus, this necessitates the development of adequate training programs to prepare surgeons for the operating room of the future. Transferring established and proven methods of training and assessment in aviation could help robotic training programs become more effective, efficient and safer. Simulation is a safe and cost-effective way of training and in addition may improve operating room performance. Proctoring and flying doctor models are established concepts, especially for advanced training. This review summarises current developments in robotic surgical training and teaching and may help to start a controversial discussion.
Charging Up Electric Cars Bottled Lightning Superbatteries, Electric Cars, and the New Lithium Economy by Seth Fletcher Hill and Wang (Farrar, Straus and Giroux), New York, 2011. 272 pp. $26. ISBN 9780809030538. (2011)

Exploring a crucial aspect of electric-car technologies, Fletcher highlights the hopes for and hurdles facing lithium-ion batteries.
Measurement of polarization charge and conduction-band offset at InxGa1−xN/GaN heterojunction interfaces (2004)

The spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization fields in group-III nitride semiconductors lead to the presence of large electrostatic sheet charge densities at nitride semiconductor heterojunction interfaces. Precise quantitative knowledge of these polarization-induced charge densities and of the band-edge discontinuities at nitride heterojunction interfaces is therefore essential in nitride semiconductor device design and analysis. We have used capacitance–voltage profiling to measure the conduction-band offset and polarization charge density at InxGa1−xN/GaN heterojunction interfaces with x=0.054 and x=0.09. We obtain conduction-band offsets ΔEC=0.09±0.07 eV for x=0.054 and ΔEC=0.22±0.05 eV for x=0.09, corresponding to an averaged conduction-to-valence-band offset ratio ΔEC:ΔEV of 58:42. Our measurements yield polarization charge densities of (1.80±0.32)×1012 e/cm2 for x=0.054 and (4.38±0.36)×1012 e/cm2 for x=0.09. These values are smaller than those predicted by recent theoretical calculations, but in good agreement with values inferred from a number of optical experiments.
Pose-Normalized Image Generation for Person Re-identification (2017)

Person Re-identification (re-id) faces two major challenges: the lack of cross-view paired training data and learning discriminative identity-sensitive and view-invariant features in the presence of large pose variations. In this work, we address both problems by proposing a novel deep person image generation model for synthesizing realistic person images conditional on the pose. The model is based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) designed specifically for pose normalization in re-id, thus termed pose-normalization GAN (PN-GAN). With the synthesized images, we can learn a new type of deep re-id feature free of the influence of pose variations. We show that this feature is strong on its own and complementary to features learned with the original images. Importantly, under the transfer learning setting, we show that our model generalizes well to any new re-id dataset without the need for collecting any training data for model fine-tuning. The model thus has the potential to make re-id model truly scalable.
HDAC6 Is a Bruchpilot Deacetylase that Facilitates Neurotransmitter Release (2014)

Presynaptic densities are specialized structures involved in synaptic vesicle tethering and neurotransmission; however, the mechanisms regulating their function remain understudied. In Drosophila, Bruchpilot is a major constituent of the presynaptic density that tethers vesicles. Here, we show that HDAC6 is necessary and sufficient for deacetylation of Bruchpilot. HDAC6 expression is also controlled by TDP-43, an RNA-binding protein deregulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Animals expressing TDP-43 harboring pathogenic mutations show increased HDAC6 expression, decreased Bruchpilot acetylation, larger vesicle-tethering sites, and increased neurotransmission, defects similar to those seen upon expression of HDAC6 and opposite to hdac6 null mutants. Consequently, reduced levels of HDAC6 or increased levels of ELP3, a Bruchpilot acetyltransferase, rescue the presynaptic density defects in TDP-43-expressing flies as well as the decreased adult locomotion. Our work identifies HDAC6 as a Bruchpilot deacetylase and indicates that regulating acetylation of a presynaptic release-site protein is critical for maintaining normal neurotransmission.
An integrated target sequence and signal amplification assay, reverse transcriptase-PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to detect and characterize flaviviruses (1994)

We previously described a reverse transcriptase-PCR using flavivirus genus-conserved and virus species-specific amplimers (D. W. Trent and G. J. Chang, p. 355-371, in Y. Becker and C. Darai; ed., Frontiers of Virology, vol. 1, 1992). Target amplification was improved by redesigning the amplimers, and a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique has been developed to detect amplified digoxigenin (DIG)-modified DNA. A single biotin motif and multiple DIG motifs were incorporated into each amplicon, which permitted amplicon capture by a biotin-streptavidin interaction and detection with DIG-specific antiserum in a colorimetric ELISA. We evaluated the utility of this assay for detecting St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) viral RNA in infected mosquitoes and dengue viral RNA in human serum specimens. The reverse transcriptase-PCR-ELISA was as sensitive as isolation of SLE virus by cell culture in detecting SLE viral RNA in infected mosquitoes. The test was 89% specific and 95 to 100% sensitive for identification of dengue viral RNA in serum specimens compared with isolation of virus by Aedes albopictus C6/36 cell culture and identification by the indirect immunofluorescence assay.
Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy for High Risk, Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Analysis of the ASSURE (ECOG-ACRIN 2805) Adjuvant Trial (2017)

The benefit of lymphadenectomy in patients undergoing surgery for high risk renal cell carcinoma remains uncertain. Future strategies to answer this question should include a prospective trial in which patients with high risk renal cell carcinoma are randomized to specific lymphadenectomy templates.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Gain of Glucose-Independent Growth upon Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells to the Brain (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. Brain Metastatic Cells Contain High Levels of Glycogen&lt;/p&gt;
Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human erythroid alpha spectrin (SPTA1) locus (1992)

Journal Article Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human erythroid alpha spectrin (SPTA1) locus Get access A. Hentati, A. Hentati Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical SchoolTarry 13–715, 303 E.Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Hu, P. Hu Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical SchoolTarry 13–715, 303 E.Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Asgharzadeh, S. Asgharzadeh Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical SchoolTarry 13–715, 303 E.Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Siddique T. Siddique * Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical SchoolTarry 13–715, 303 E.Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 1, Issue 3, June 1992, Page 218, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/1.3.218-a Published: 01 June 1992
O2‐11‐06: HIGH‐DEFINITION OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND MRI‐DEFINED NEUROIMAGING MARKERS IN AN ASIAN POPULATION (2014)

Retinal ganglion cell loss as characterized by thinning of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) has been associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, the association of these retinal changes with MRI markers of neurodegeneration has not been explored. We examined the association of MRI markers with GC-IPL and RNFL layer thickness as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). We recruited Malay subjects (age≥60 years) from the on-going Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore (EDIS) study who had both SD-OCT and cranial MRI. MRI markers of neurodegeneration (grey matter and white matter volume) were measured using automatic segmentation. SD-OCT was used to obtain measures for macular GC-IPL and peripapillary RNFL thicknesses. Regression models were constructed initially for the total grey matter and white matter volumes and subsequently for the cerebral different regions (frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal and central). The models were adjusted for age, gender, SD-OCT signal strength and cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 171 participants who had both gradable OCT and MRI scans were included in the analysis. The mean values for GC-IPL and RNFL thickness were 78.52μm and 89.99μm respectively. In multivariate adjusted models, smaller grey matter volume was associated with thinner GC-IPL (mean difference, per standard deviation [SD] decrease: -1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]:-2.63,-0.25, p=0.01) and RNFL layers (per SD decrease: -1.96; 95%CI: -3.79, -0.11, p=0.03). Regional analysis further showed that the reduced grey matter volume were associated with thinner GC-IPL in both occipital (per SD decrease:-1.94: 95%CI:-3.07; -0.81, p=0.001) and temporal regions (per SD decrease:-2.33: 95%CI:-3.45; -1.20, p=<0.001). Similar association was again observed between reduced grey matter volume and thin RNFL layer in both occipital (per SD decrease: -2.51: 95%CI:-4.26; -0.75, p=0.005) and temporal regions (per SD decrease:-2.81: 95%CI:-4.57; -1.04, p=0.002). Reduced grey matter volumes, specifically in the occipital and temporal regions, are associated with thinner GC-IPL and RNFL layers, suggesting common early pathophysiological mechanisms for retinal and cerebral neurodegeneration.
Simultaneous monitoring of different vitrification solution components permeating into tissues (2017)

Cryopreservation can be used for long-term preservation of tissues and organs.
Relationship between subsurface biodegradation rates and microbial density (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelationship between subsurface biodegradation rates and microbial densityGary T. Hickman and John T. NovakCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 5, 525–532Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00063a003https://doi.org/10.1021/es00063a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HIV Infection Is Associated With Variability in Ventricular Repolarization (2019)

HIV+ men have greater beat-to-beat variability in QT interval (QTVI) than HIV- men, especially in the setting of HIV viremia and heightened inflammation. Among HIV+ men, higher QTVI suggests ventricular repolarization lability, which can increase susceptibility to arrhythmias, whereas lower heart rate variability signals a component of autonomic dysfunction.