gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Empirical measurements of the low-frequency power-line communications channel in rural North America (2011)

This paper addresses power-line communication (PLC) for automated metering infrastructure (AMI) and automated meter reading (AMR) applications in North America, with specific focus on the physical layer. FCC regulations permit powerline communication systems in the US to use the band from 9 kHz to roughly 500 kHz. This paper presents channel and noise characteristics in this band, based on field tests. It is shown that the main challenge in communicating in this band is severe signal attenuation by service transformers. In rural areas, these transformers supply eight or fewer end points on average. Consequently, it is not economical to use a bridge device across each transformer. Rather, one router is placed on the medium voltage line for every few service transformers. We consider the channel between a concentrator or a router on the medium voltage line (around 7.2 kV), and low-voltage (around 110V) end points connected to transformers some distance away on the medium voltage line. The signal-to-noise ratios observed in such a link, and implications for signal design, are studied. Data is provided on all modem connection scenarios, including medium voltage to low voltage (MV→LV), low voltage to medium voltage (LV→MV), and medium voltage to medium voltage (MV→MV). These results are intended to define requirements for a PHY / MAC communication system that can support the AMI application in such channel conditions.
8 Gbit/s transmission over 30 km of optical fibre (1986)

We demonstrate, for the first time, 8 Gbit/s digital transmission over single-mode optical fibre. A 30 km link was achieved using a directly modulated 1.31 μm multilongitudinal-mode laser and an avalanche photodiode receiver.
Regenwater als bron voor drinkwater in Nederland : Weegt milieuwinst op tegen de kosten? (2018)

Veel consumenten hebben het idee dat ze hun milieu-impact kunnen verkleinen door zelf uit regenwater drinkwater te maken. We hebben een levenscyclusanalyse en een kostenberekening gemaakt voor decentrale zuivering van regenwater op het niveau van een stadswijk en een individuele woning in het buitengebied. Op wijkniveau zijn de kosten acceptabel, maar voor een individuele woning zijn ze erg hoog. De meerkosten staan niet in verhouding tot de te behalen milieuwinst. Belangrijke praktisch problemen zijn dat er in dichtbebouwde stadswijken te weinig regen valt voor alle inwoners en dat er te weinig ruimte is om een dergelijke zuivering te plaatsen.
Low level cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation analysis of [des-His1, des- Phe6, Glu9] glucagon-NH2 identifies glucagon antagonists from weak partial agonists/antagonists. (1996)

[des-His1, des-Phe6,Glu9]Glucagon-NH2 is a newly designed glucagon antagonist. This analog has a binding IC50 of 48 nM (compared to glucagon IC50 of 1.5 nM) and demonstrates pure antagonism in an adenylate cyclase assay. Although the number of glucagon antagonists has grown rapidly recently, closer examination suggested that many of these antagonists retained very low, almost imperceptible levels of cAMP accumulation that were sufficient to elicit an in vivo biological response. To investigate more carefully this secondary biological signal, we measured cAMP accumulation in a revised assay using isolated hepatocytes in the presence of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor Rolipram. The PDE inhibitors Rolipram and isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) increased the sensitivity of the cAMP accumulation assay from approximately 10-fold for the native hormone to 35-fold above basal levels. On the other hand, amrinone, another PDE inhibitor, did not affect the cAMP accumulation caused by glucagon. The use of PDE inhibitors indicated that three glucagon analogs that had previously been reported to have strong antagonist properties in classical adenylate cyclase assays were actually weak partial agonists in this new assay system. [N alpha-Trinitrophenyl-His1, homo-Arg12]glucagon, [des-amino-His1,D-Phe4,Tyr5, Arg12, Lys17,18,Glu21]glucagon, and [des-His1,Glu9]glucagon-NH2 demonstrated 233%, 21%, and 5.5% cAMP accumulation relative to the native hormone in the presence of 25 microM Rolipram. On the other hand, [des-His1,des-Phe6,Glu9]glucagon-NH2, a newly designed glucagon antagonist, did not activate adenylate cyclase in the presence of Rolipram up to a maximal physiological concentration of 1 microM, indicating that it was a pure antagonist of glucagon-induced adenylate cyclase activity and also the first one in this class. This compound and others were tested in a glycogen phosphorylase assay. As [des-His1,des- Phe6,Glu9]glucagon-NH2 did not activate phosphorylase activity, it was chosen as our candidate for in vivo testing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. An initial dose of 0.75 mg/kg was found to cause the greatest lowering of blood glucose levels (to 63% of the initial levels in 15 min) when the bolus was followed by continuous infusion of 25 micrograms/kgxmin for 1 h.
How to the Smash Next Billion Mobile App Bugs? (2015)

With users increasingly dependent on their phones, tablets, and wearables, the mobile app ecosystem is more important today than ever before. Creating and distributing apps has never been more accessible. Even single developers can now reach global audiences. But mobile apps must cope with extremely varied and dynamic operating conditions due to factors like diverse device characteristics, wireless network heterogeneity, and varied user behavior. App developers and operators of app marketplaces both lack testing tools that can effectively account for such diversity and, as a result, app failures and performance bugs (like excessive energy consumption) are commonly found today. To address this challenge to mobile app development, we have developed key techniques for scalable automated mobile app testing within two prototype services --- VanarSena and Caiipa. In this paper, we describe our vision for SMASH, a unified cloud-based mobile app testing service that combines the strengths of both previous systems to tackle the complexities presently faced by testers of mobile apps.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant With Lymphodepletion Augments T Cell-based Adoptive Immunotherapy (2005)

s: Abstracts for the 20th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Biological Therapy of Cancer (Primary Authors are Italicized): CELLULAR THERAPIES FOR SOLID AND LIQUID TUMORS
Frequency-Tunable Multigigawatt Sub-Half-Cycle Light Pulses from Coupled-State Dynamics of Optical Solitons and Impulsively Driven Molecular Vibrations (2010)

Coupling ultrashort optical field waveforms to ultrafast molecular vibrations in an impulsively excited Raman medium is shown to enable the generation of frequency-tunable sub-half-cycle multigigawatt light pulses. In a gas-filled hollow waveguide, this coupled-state dynamics is strongly assisted by soliton effects, which help to suppress temporal stretching of subcycle optical pulses, providing efficient Raman-type impulsive excitation of ultrafast molecular vibrations over large propagation paths.
Three-Dimensional Human Skin Models to Understand Staphylococcus aureus Skin Colonization and Infection (2014)

Staphylococcus aureus is both a major bacterial pathogen as well as a common member of the human skin microbiota. Due to its widespread prevalence as an asymptomatic skin colonizer and its importance as a source of skin and soft tissue infections, an improved understanding of how S. aureus attaches to, grows within, and breaches the stratified layers of the epidermis is of critical importance. Three-dimensional organotypic human skin culture models are informative and tractable experimental systems for future investigations of the interactions between S. aureus and the multi-faceted skin tissue. We propose that S. aureus virulence factors, primarily appreciated for their role in pathogenesis of invasive infections, play alternative roles in promoting asymptomatic bacterial growth within the skin. Experimental manipulations of these cultures will provide insight into the many poorly understood molecular interactions occurring at the interface between S. aureus and stratified human skin tissue.
Development of a Reverse Micro EDM-Drilling for Holing Diamond-Tool (2010)

This study presents the development of a drilling technique for an innovative tabletop drilling machine that combines micro-EDM with drilling to fabricate micro-holes in diamond-tool. The mechanisms designs of double V-shaped bearings and double spindles which provide a precision clamping and vertical alignment for diamond-tool and micro-tube are devised to enable to machine a co-centric micro-hole for micro-tool. A diamond-tool, made with copper-based sintered alloy, is drilled by using the developed technique of co-centric micro-hole EDM-drilling into a hollow shaft which can create equilibrium of drilling forces, prevent a drilling squeezing to be occurred and enable to offer a temporary storing space for drilling chips. Relative experiments including the determinations of drilling ratio and discharge capacitance are carried out via this established machine. Experimental results show that excellent geometric and dimensional accuracy of micro-holes on the diamond-tool can be achieved.
Toward cascadable microelectromechanical resonator logic units based on second vibration modes (2018)

Micro/nano-electromechanical resonator-based logic elements have revitalized the notion of mechanical computing as a potential alternative to surpass the limitations of semiconductor electronics. A vital step forward for this technology is to develop a platform for cascadable logic units that communicate among each other executable signals of the same form; which is key to construct true and complex computation machines. Here, we utilize the dynamic characteristics of a clamped-clamped microbeam vibrating at the second resonance mode to realize cascadable logic elements. The logic operations are performed by on-demand activation and deactivation of the second mode of vibration of a clamped-clamped microbeam resonator. Fundamental logic gates, such as OR, XOR, and NOT, which constitute a functionally complete set for digital applications are demonstrated experimentally. We show that the demonstrated approach unifies the input and output signal waveform and performs all the gate operations on a single operating frequency, hence satisfying the prerequisites to realize cascadable resonator logic devices. This can potentially pave the way for the development of a novel technology platform for an alternative computing paradigm.
Bio-methane purification by adsorption technology: Optimization of operating parameters and adsorbent selection based on PSA process (2019)

International audience
Comparison of MRI T1, T2, and T2* mapping with histology for assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration in an ovine model (2022)

An easy, reliable, and time-efficient standardized approach for assessing lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration with relaxation times measurements in pre-clinical and clinical studies is lacking. This prospective study aims to determine the most appropriate method for lumbar IVD degeneration (IDD) assessment in sheep by comparing three quantitative MRI sequences (variable-flip-angle T1 mapping, and multi-echo T2 and T2* mapping), correlating them with Pfirrmann grading and histology. Strong intra- and interrater agreements were found for Nucleus pulposus (NP) regions-of-interest (ROI). T1, T2, and T2* mapping correlated with Pfirrmann grading and histological scoring (p < 0.05) except for the most ventral rectangular ROI on T2 maps. Correlations were excellent for all of the T1 ROIs and the T2* NP ROIs. Highly significant differences in T1 values were found between all Pfirrmann grades except between grades I/II and between grades III/IV. Significant differences were identified in the T2 and the T2* values between all grades except between grades I/III. T1, T2, and T2* relaxation times measurements of the NP are an accurate and time-efficient tool to assess lumbar IDD in sheep. Variable-flip-angle T1 mapping may be further considered as a valuable method to investigate IDD and to assess the efficacy of regenerative treatments in longitudinal studies.
Integration of Airborne Early Warning Radar Platforms on Aircraft (2020)

The need for a long-range and complete Air Picture has long since motivated the presence of airborne early warning (AEW) radar platforms. Later developments, such as stealth and advancing threats at low altitudes or hypersonic speeds have nothing but reinforce the need for increased-performance AEW. However, the high costs for the platform, integration, and operations restrict the number of platforms to a point where these high-value assets become sensitive to preemptive actions by an adversary. Therefore, SAAB has within the NFFP7 framework launched a series of studies aiming at smaller, adapted, and cost-efficient unmanned AEW platforms with extreme endurance. Thus, the aerodynamic performance of the carrier plus radar must be optimized, which implies that the projected area of the radar must be minimized. In this project, we study the possibility of integrating the antenna layer in the fuselage structure of the aircraft, thus gaining (i) body width and (ii) a more optimal wet geometry.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE FOR PSEUDOROTATION IN THE REACTION OF A PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER (1984)

Abstract Die Phosphogruppe des Z‐Phosphopropan‐1,2‐diols (I) wandert beim Erhitzen in wäßriger Säure zur l‐Position.
Evaluation of Advanced Routing Strategies with Information-Theoretic Complexity Measures (2016)

Based on hierarchy and recursion (shortly, HR), recursive networking has evolved to become a possible architecture for the future Internet. In this paper, we advance the study of HR-based routing by means of the Gershenson-Fernandez information-theoretic framework, which provides four different complexity measures. Then, we introduce a novel and general approach for computing the information associated to a known or estimated routing table. Finally, we present simulation results regarding networks that are characterized by different topologies and routing strategies. In particular, we discuss some interesting facts we observed while comparing HR-based to traditional routing in terms of complexity measures.
A single phosphotyrosine residue of the prolactin receptor is responsible for activation of gene transcription. (1995)

Members of the cytokine/growth hormone/prolactin (PRL) receptor superfamily are associated with cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases of the Jak family. For the PRL receptor (PRLR), after PRL stimulation, both the kinase Jak2 and the receptor undergo tyrosine phosphorylation. To assess the role of tyrosine phosphorylation of the PRLR in signal transduction, several mutant forms of the PRLR in which various tyrosine residues were changed to phenylalanine were constructed and their functional properties were investigated. We identified a single tyrosine residue located at the C terminus of the PRLR to be necessary for in vivo activation of PRL-responsive gene transcription. This clearly indicates that a phosphotyrosine residue in the cytoplasmic domain of a member of the cytokine/growth hormone/PRL receptor superfamily is directly involved in signal transduction.
Two-Step Synthesis of Per-O-acetylfuranoses: Optimization and Rationalization (2011)

A simple two-step procedure yielding peracetylated furanoses directly from free aldoses was implemented. Key steps of the method are (i) highly selective formation of per-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)furanoses and (ii) their clean conversion into acetyl ones without isomerization. This approach was easily applied to galactose and structurally related carbohydrates such as arabinose, fucose, methyl galacturonate and N-acetylgalactosamine to give the corresponding peracetylated targets. The success of this procedure relied on the control of at least three parameters: (i) the tautomeric equilibrium of the starting unprotected oses, (ii) the steric hindrance of both targeted furanoses and silylating agent, and finally, (iii) the reactivity of each soft nucleophile during the protecting group interconversion.
Quantitative Analysis of Response to Treatment with Erlotinib in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Using 18F-FDG and 3′-Deoxy-3′-18F-Fluorothymidine PET (2011)

Early (18)F-FDG PET and (18)F-FLT PET can predict PFS regardless of the method used for SUV calculation. However, SUV(max), SUV(50), SUV(A50), and SUV(A41) measured with (18)F-FDG might be the best robust SUV to use for early response prediction. Metabolically active volume measurement in early (18)F-FLT PET and late (18)F-FDG PET may have an additional predictive value in monitoring response in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with erlotinib.
Main-Stream Deammonification Evaluation at Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (AWTP) (2012)

Main-Stream Deammonification Evaluation at Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (AWTP)Wastewater treatment plants in the Chesapeake Bay Region, USA are challenged to meet very low nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits due to eutrophication issues. While many are successful in achieving their goals, the increase in cost to reach them is driving many municipalities to search for real alternative technologies to optimize the treatment efficiency and lower the cost per lb of...Author(s)Ahmed Al-OmariMofei HanBernhard WettNorman DockettBeverley StinsonSylvia OkogiCharles BottSudhir MurtyhySourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Sep, 2012ISSN1938-6478DOI10.2175/193864712811725636Volume / Issue2012 / 15Content sourceWEFTECCopyright2012Word count231
Designing (In)finite-alphabet Sequences via Shaping the Radar Ambiguity Function (2019)

In this paper, a new framework for designing the radar transmit waveform is established through shaping the radar Ambiguity Function (AF). Specifically, the AF of the phase coded waveforms are analyzed and it is shown that a continuous/discrete phase sequence with the desired AF can be obtained by solving an optimization problem promoting equality between the AF of the transmit sequence and the desired AF. An iterative algorithm based on Coordinate Descent (CD) method is introduced to deal with the resulting non-convex optimization problem. Numerical results illustrate the proposed algorithm make it possible to design sequences with remarkably high tolerance towards Doppler frequency shifts, which is of interest to the future generations of automotive radar sensors.
Abstract 4981: The potent quadruplex-binding compound QN-302 down-regulates the S100P gene in in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer: a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for PDAC (2023)

Abstract The compound QN-302, a tetra-substituted naphthalene diimide (ND) derivative has been designed to have high affinity for G-quadruplex (G4) nucleic acids. It has single-digit nM anti-proliferative activity in a panel of human pancreatic cancer cell lines (Ahmed et al., ACS Med Chem Lett, 2020, 11, 1634-1644) and anti-tumor activity in xenograft, orthotopic and genetic (KPC) models for pancreatic cancer (PDAC). Its mode of action involves the targeting of G4-forming sites in promoter regions of cancer-associated genes, where their prevalence is over-represented compared to other genes. Transcriptome analyses of QN-302 in MIA-PACA2 cells have confirmed genes involved in cancer-associated pathways and carry G4 motifs in their promoters as targets. We have found that expression of the S100P gene, a well-authenticated indicator of PDAC disease and progression, is highly down-regulated in QN-302 treated cells. The S100P gene contains at least five putative G4 motifs, including a classic G4 promoter site just upstream of the transcription start site. We have observed that transcriptome analyses on tumor material from human PDAC patients, and those from poorly differentiated as well as more highly differentiated tumors, have shown that the S100P gene is highly over-expressed (especially in poorly differentiated tumors). We now report on gene expression analysis of S100P using control and treated tumor tissues from a therapeutic study in PDAC MIA-PACA2 xenografts in mice, by means of RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses. The data shows statistically significant dose-dependent decreases in expression of S100P at both the mRNA (to ca 25% of control values) and protein levels (to ca 22% of control values), giving added confidence to the concept that the S100P gene is a therapeutic target in PDAC and may also be useful as a marker of QN-302 response in future clinical use. QN-302 is bio-available at therapeutic doses and is well tolerated at these levels in the animal models. It is being developed for clinical evaluation by Qualigen Therapeutics Inc and is currently at the pre-IND stage. Citation Format: Nicole Williams, Jenny Worthington, Ahmed Ahmed, Tariq Arshad, Stephen Neidle. The potent quadruplex-binding compound QN-302 down-regulates the S100P gene in in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer: a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for PDAC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4981.
Linaclotide for Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation: A 26-Week, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety (2012)

Linaclotide 290 μg once daily significantly improved abdominal and bowel symptoms associated with IBS-C over 26 weeks of treatment.
An 11 Gb/s 2.4 mW Half-Rate Sampling 2-Tap DFE Receiver in 6Snm CMOS (2007)

A 2-tap DFE receiver, implemented in a standard digital 65nm bulk CMOS process, is aggressively optimized for low power and area. The 0.22mW/Gbps power/speed ratio of the receiver and core area of 30μm × 40μm are achieved by using a half-rate architecture, a sampling front end, soft-decision direct feedback equalization and rail-to-rail CMOS clocking. At 11 Gb/s (2.6mA from 0.9V supply), the BER is less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-14</sup> with a PRBS7 test sequence passing through a 30" channel (15dB of loss at 5.5GHz).
Acceptance Angle of a Plasma Channel (2012)

Abstract : Plasma channels are useful as guiding structures for high intensity electromagnetic radiation. A finite radius plasma channel ceases to act as a guiding structure if the f-number of the focusing used to couple radiation into the channel is too small. Expressions are derived for the critical f-number needed to achieve guiding in a finite radius plasma channel. This is done using both a ray tracing analysis, and an eigenmode expansion technique.
Gradual tune-in pictures for fast channel change (2011)

This paper presents a novel approach for fast channel change based on tune-in streams. The presented solution is based on gradual decoder refresh (GDR) with H.264 for the main and for the tune-in stream. In normal GDR mode a receiver would have to wait for several received NAL units of multiple frames before it can render a complete frame without visible GDR artifacts. We propose an additional tune-in stream that fills the missing regions of a partially complete frame. Our simulation results show that the solution is at least as bitrate-efficient as previous tune-in solutions but offers the advantages of a bitstream with less variable bitrate and a consistent gradual improvement of picture quality.