gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunogenic Antigens Common to Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium falciparum Are Expressed on the Surface of Infected Erythrocytes (1982)

Sera of Gambian individuals and rhesus monkeys immune against infections with Plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium knowlesi, respectively, were reacted with triton X-100-solubilized membranes of infected erythrocytes. Indirect immune precipitation with Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan strain A, followed by dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were used to identify interspecies plasmodial antigens that were immunogenic in vivo. Both types of sera specifically precipitated Plasmodium-specific antigens with Mrs of 125,000, 90,000, and 65,000 to 50,000 from membranes of P. knowlesi-infected erythrocytes that had been labeled with 125I using the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination or metabolically with 14C-amino acids. In addition, P. falciparum inhibited the precipitation of P. knowlesi antigens by the Gambian immune sera. Our results indicate, that during erythrocytic schizogony, interspecies Plasmodium antigens are exposed on the surfaces of infected erythrocytes.
Adaptive Antiviral Immunity Is a Determinant of the Therapeutic Success of Oncolytic Virotherapy (2010)

Oncolytic virotherapy, the selective killing of tumor cells by oncolytic viruses (OVs), has emerged as a promising avenue of anticancer research. We have previously shown that KM100, a Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV) deficient for infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), possesses substantial oncolytic properties in vitro and has antitumor efficacy in vivo, in part by inducing antitumor immunity. Here, we illustrate through T-cell immunodepletion studies in nontolerized tumor-associated antigen models of breast cancer that KM100 treatment promotes antiviral and antitumor CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cell responses necessary for complete tumor regression. In tolerized tumor-associated antigen models of breast cancer, antiviral CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cell responses against infected tumor cells correlated with the induction of significant tumoristasis in the absence of tumor-associated antigen-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells. To enhance oncolysis, we tested a more cytopathic ICP0-null HSV and a vesicular stomatitis virus M protein mutant and found that despite improved in vitro replication, oncolysis in vivo did not improve. These studies illustrate that the in vitro cytolytic properties of OVs are poor prognostic indicators of in vivo antitumor activity, and underscore the importance of adaptive antiviral CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells in effective cancer virotherapy.
Progress in L2-Based Prophylactic Vaccine Development for Protection against Diverse Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and Associated Diseases (2020)

The human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a family of small DNA tumor viruses including over 200 genotypes classified by phylogeny into several genera. Different genera of HPVs cause ano-genital and oropharyngeal cancers, skin cancers, as well as benign diseases including skin and genital warts. Licensed vaccines composed of L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) confer protection generally restricted to the ≤9 HPV types targeted. Here, we examine approaches aimed at broadening the protection against diverse HPV types by targeting conserved epitopes of the minor capsid protein, L2. Compared to L1 VLP, L2 is less immunogenic. However, with appropriate presentation to the immune system, L2 can elicit durable, broadly cross-neutralizing antibody responses and protection against skin and genital challenge with diverse HPV types. Such approaches to enhance the strength and breadth of the humoral response include the display of L2 peptides on VLPs or viral capsids, bacteria, thioredoxin and other platforms for multimerization. Neither L2 nor L1 vaccinations elicit a therapeutic response. However, fusion of L2 with early viral antigens has the potential to elicit both prophylactic and therapeutic immunity. This review of cross-protective HPV vaccines based on L2 is timely as several candidates have recently entered early-phase clinical trials.
Finite‐difference modeling of Q for qP‐ and qS‐waves in anisotropic media (1997)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997Finite‐difference modeling of Q for qP‐ and qS‐waves in anisotropic mediaAuthors: Johan O. A. RobertssonRichard T. CoatesJohan O. A. RobertssonSchlumberger Cambridge Research and Richard T. CoatesSchlumberger‐Doll Researchhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885797 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885797FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByWave modeling in viscoacoustic media with transverse isotropyNuno V. da Silva, Gang Yao, and Michael Warner3 January 2019 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 84, No. 1An efficient method for calculating finite‐difference seismograms after model alterationsJohan O. A. Robertsson and Chris H. Chapman7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 65, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1997 Pages: 2067 publication data© 1997 Copyright © 1997 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Johan O. A. Robertsson and Richard T. Coates, (1997), "Finite‐difference modeling of Q for qP‐ and qS‐waves in anisotropic media," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1846-1849. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885797 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
The role of human Dectin-1 in eliciting antigen specific CD8+ T cell responses (130.35) (2010)

Abstract Dectin-1 recognizing fungal pathogens and mycobacteria, delivers intracellular signals to activate DCs. Here we report that Dectin-1 expressed on human DCs possesses unique immunological function that potentiates antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. We first generated an agonistic anti-Dectin-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), which recognized Leu192-Asn202 in Dectin-1 and efficiently bound to both in vitro monocyte-derived DCs and in vivo CD1c+ skin dermal DCs, but not Langerin cells. Syk-dependent activation by anti-Dectin-1 mAb induced DCs to upregulate T cell costimulatory molecules, particularly CD70 and 4-1BBL, as well as cytokines and chemokines. This signaling via Dectin-1 allowed DCs to potentiate both memory and naïve CD8+ T cell responses by promoting their expansions and functional activities. Furthermore, both neo- and non-self-antigens delivered to DCs via Dectin-1 resulted in potent antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. This was largely dependent on CD70 and 4-1BBL upregulated by the signaling via Dectin-1. We also demonstrated that Dectin-1-mediated activation of DCs did not promote Foxp3+ and IL-10-producing regulatory CD4+ T cell responses, but potentiated CD4+ helper T cell function for inducing effector CD8+ T cells. We conclude that Dectin-1 on human DCs has unique function for eliciting antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses by taking up antigens and delivering intracellular signals favoring effector CD8+ T cell responses.
A stable radical in the ribose moiety of X-irradiated 3'-cytidylic acid and its relation to a similar radical in cytidine: an ESR-ENDOR study. (1976)

President Roosevelt agrees with General McCook, and will give Colonel Mills an appointment while the Senate is in recess. He hopes that supporters of General Mills and the Army will have more influence on the Senate in the coming months.
Photobiocatalysis: The Power of Combining Photocatalysis and Enzymes (2015)

Photobiocatalysts are constituted by a semiconductor with or without a light harvester that activates an enzyme. A logical source of inspiration for the development of photobiocatalysts has been natural photosynthetic centers. In photobiocatalysis, the coupling of the semiconductor and the enzyme frequently requires a natural cofactor and a relay transferring charge carriers from the semiconductor. The most widely studied photobiocatalysts so far make use of conduction band electrons of excited semiconductors to promote enzymatic reductions mediated by NAD(+) /NADH and an electron relay. The present review presents the state of the art in the field and has been organized based on the semiconductor and the reaction type including oxidations, hydrogen generation, and CO2 reduction. The possibility of direct enzyme activation by the semiconductor and the influence of the nature of mediator are also discussed as well as the use of mimics of the enzyme active center in combination with the semiconductor. The final section summarizes the state of the art of photobiocatalysis and comments on our view on future developments of the field.
A finite element solutionof three‐dimensional mixed convection gas flows in horizontal chnnels using preconditioned iterative metrix methods (1992)

Abstract An algorithm is presented for the finite element solution of three‐dimensional mixed convection gas flows in channels heated from below. The algorithm uses Newton's method and iterative matrix methods. Two iterative solution algorithms, conjugate gradient squared (CGS) and generalized minimal residual (GMERS), are used in conjunction with a preconditioning technique that is simple to implement. The preconditioner is a subset of the full Jacobian matrix centered around the main diagonal but retaining the most fundamental axial coupling of the residual equations. A domain‐renumbering scheme that enhances the overall algorithm performance is proposed on the basis of and analysis of the preconditioner. Comparison with the frontal elimination method demonstrates that the iterative method will be faster when the front width exceeds approximately 500. Techniques for the direct assembly f the problem into a compressed sparse row storage format are demonstrated. Elimination of fixed boundary conditions is shown to decrease the size of the matrix problem by up to 30%. Finally, fluid flow solutions obtained with the numerical technique are presented. These solutions reveal complex three‐dimensional mixed convection fluid flow phenomena at low Reynolds numbers, including the reversal of the direction of longitudinal rolls in the presence of a strong recirculation in the entrance region of the channel.
Polymorphism and distribution of the Secretor α(1,2)‐fucosyltransferase gene in various Taiwanese populations (2001)

The Se genes have a polymorphic distribution among various Taiwanese populations, and this agrees with previous results for Lewis phenotype distributions. The Se(w) allele and the three se alleles are responsible for the Le(a+b+) and Le(a+b-) phenotypes, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Reactivity of Some Functionalized Halomethylzinc Carbenoids. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor β Binding of Pruni Cortex and Its Constituents (2010)

The bark of Prunus jamasakura Siebold (Pruni Cortex) has long been used in Japan as a folk remedy and is one of ingredients of the Kampo formula, Jumi-haidoku-to (JHT). JHT is used for treatment of skin diseases such as acne (acne vulgaris). According to Kampo medicinal sources, Quercus Cortex can be used in place of Pruni Cortex. In this study, we found that water extracts of Pruni Cortex, not Quercus Cortex showed a binding effect on estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta). Thus, their chemical analysis was carried out by GC-MS and found that five unique constituents (i.e., sakuranetin, naringenin, genistein, genkwanin and arctigenin) were detected in Pruni Cortex. The ERbeta binding capacity of these constituents was examined using 70 ng/ml 17beta-estradiol, as the positive control with 100% ERbeta binding. Among them, genistein (60% at 10 ng/ml) showed the strongest binding capacity than naringenin (60% at 1000 ng/ml) and sakuranetin (40% at 1000 ng/ml). These results suggested that Pruni Cortex in JHT could play an important role in treatment of acne. In addition, those of Pruni Cortex from different harvest places were also examined in their chemical contents and ERbeta binding capacity. The extracts of Pruni Cortex from Kyushu in Japan and Anhui Province in China showed higher contents of genistein and stronger ERbeta binding capacity than that of Pruni Cortex from Tokushima Prefecture in Japan.
Volumetric assessment of spontaneous mechanical activities by simultaneous multi‐slice MRI techniques with correlation to muscle fiber orientation (2018)

The purpose of this work was assessment of volumetric characteristics of spontaneous mechanical activities in musculature (SMAMs) by diffusion-weighted simultaneous multi-slice (DW-SMS) imaging and spatial correlation to anatomical structure, as revealed by fusion to fiber tractographic information derived from diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI). The feasibility of using DW-SMS to image spontaneous events in human musculature was assessed by phantom measurements. Series of DW-SMS images and DTI datasets were recorded from the resting calf of three human subjects. Simultaneously recorded SMAMs in multiple slices were analyzed regarding spatial extension by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Direct correlation of spatial distribution of SMAMs and fiber orientation was investigated by mapping of muscle fibers to multi-slice SMAM datasets. The DW-SMS strategy allows simultaneous assessment of SMAMs in several slices of resting skeletal musculature, since 73.9% of SMAM-affected volumes have shown SMAMs in multiple DW-SMS slices. Spatial extension of SMAMs was highly correlated over different simultaneously recorded DW-SMS slices, and affected areas followed the orientation of muscle fibers with a connectivity ratio up to 57.18 ± 14.80% based on event count and connectivity count maps. In 89.2% of all SMAM-affected datasets muscle fiber connectivity was shown in at least two adjacent slices. Direct correlation between SMAMs in human lower leg musculature and underlying anatomical structure was revealed by high muscle fiber connectivity (89.2%). SMAMs have shown a wide distribution along the longitudinal muscle direction (73.9% in multiple DW-SMS slices) with direct involvement of muscle fibers. Correlation between SMAMs in multiple DW-SMS slices and crossing muscular fiber tracts provides evidence that SMAMs result from physiological processes in musculature. Fusion of DW-SMS with DTI facilitates non-invasive studies of muscle fiber involvement in SMAMs in resting muscle.
Measurement of vibration modes of the NS-GT out quartz crystal oscillating in the by-resonant frequency (2002)

Stress distributions of two samples of the NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonator, one of which had a thickness of 80 /spl mu/m and the other 150 /spl mu/m, were measured by the dynamic photo-elastic method as the resonators were vibrating in each by-resonant frequency. Thereafter, vibration modes of those resonators have been estimated by the experimental data of obtained stress distributions. The estimated vibration mode of the resonator of 80 /spl mu/m coincided with the result of the finite element method simulation (FEM). The vibration mode of NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonators was a simple extension mode within z'-direction at the by-resonant oscillation. The resonator of 150 /spl mu/m does not coincide with the result of the FEM. It has a very complicated twist asymmetrical vibration mode at the by resonant frequency. We can only estimate the vibration mode of the resonator of 150 /spl mu/m experimentally by using a dynamic photo-elastic method. The vibration mode of the NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonator, when its thickness were thick, and it vibrated in its by-resonant frequency, were composed of the longitudinal stress T3' belong to z'-direction of the plate and the shearing stress T5' caused by the elastic stiffness constant c55 of the plate.
Characterization of the DNA repair spore photoproduct lyase enzyme from <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i>: A radical-SAM enzyme (2007)

Spore photoproduct lyase (SPL) is a “Radical-SAM” repair enzyme which catalyzes the cleavage of spore photoproduct (SP, 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine), a specific lesion found in bacterial spore DNA, to thymine monomers by a free-radical mechanism. The enzyme requires S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) and a [4Fe–4S] cluster for activity. SPL from Bacillus subtilis has been difficult to isolate and characterize due to problems with the solubility and stability of the overexpressed protein in Escherichia coli and the lability of the [Fe–S] cluster, even if the protein was purified under strictly anaerobic conditions. In order to overcome these problems we searched for another SPL enzyme and we found that the recombinant SPL enzyme from Clostridium acetobutylicum, isolated either aerobically or anaerobically from overexpressing E. coli, behaves more stably than the B. subtilis one. We report here a complete spectroscopic and biochemical characterization of this enzyme. In particular we show for the first time that, using HYSCORE spectroscopy, SAM binds to the cluster as observed in the case of other members of the “Radical-SAM” enzyme family such as the activases of pyruvate formate lyase and ribonucleotide reductase. La spore photoproduct lyase est une enzyme de réparation de l'ADN appartenant à la famille des enzymes « SAM-Radical ». Elle catalyse la réversion du photoproduit des spores (SP, 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine) – une lésion spécifique de l'ADN des spores de bactéries – en deux monomères de thymines via un mécanisme radicalaire. La S-Adénosyl-l-méthionine (SAM) ainsi qu'un cluster [4Fe–4S] sont nécessaires à l'activité de l'enzyme. La SPL de Bacillus subtilis a été difficile à isoler et à caractériser, à cause de problèmes de solubilité, de stabilité de la protéine surexprimée dans E. coli, ainsi que de labilité du cluster, même si la protéine est purifiée dans des conditions d'anaérobiose stricte. Afin de surmonter ces problèmes, nous nous sommes intéressés à la SPL recombinante de Clostridium acetobutylicum, isolée, soit en aérobiose, soit en anaérobiose à partir d'une surexpression dans E. coli. Nous décrivons ici une caractérisation spectroscopique et biochimique complète de cette enzyme. En particulier, nous montrons pour la première fois, grâce à la spectroscopie HYSCORE, que la SAM se lie au cluster, de la même façon que pour d'autres membres de la famille des « SAM-Radical », comme les activases de la pyruvate formate lyase et de la ribonucléotide réductase.
H9N2 Influenza A Virus Isolated from a Greater White-Fronted Wild Goose ( Anser albifrons ) in Alaska Has a Mutation in the PB2 Gene, Which Is Associated with Pathogenicity in Human Pandemic 2009 H1N1 (2016)

We report here the genomic sequence of an H9N2 influenza A virus [A/greater white-fronted goose/Alaska/81081/2008 (H9N2)]. This virus shares ≥99.8% identity with a previously reported virus. Both strains contain a G590S mutation in the polymerase basic 2 (PB2) gene, which is a pathogenicity marker in the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus when combined with R591.
BH3 profiling identifies ruxolitinib as a promising partner for venetoclax to treat T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (2021)

Conventional therapies for patients with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), such as cytotoxic chemotherapy and alemtuzumab, have limited efficacy and considerable toxicity. Several novel agent classes have demonstrated preclinical activity in T-PLL, including inhibitors of the JAK/STAT and T-cell receptor pathways, as well as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Recently, the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax also showed some clinical activity in T-PLL. We sought to characterize functional apoptotic dependencies in T-PLL to identify a novel combination therapy in this disease. Twenty-four samples from patients with primary T-PLL were studied by using BH3 profiling, a functional assay to assess the propensity of a cell to undergo apoptosis (priming) and the relative dependence of a cell on different antiapoptotic proteins. Primary T-PLL cells had a relatively low level of priming for apoptosis and predominantly depended on BCL-2 and MCL-1 proteins for survival. Selective pharmacologic inhibition of BCL-2 or MCL-1 induced cell death in primary T-PLL cells. Targeting the JAK/STAT pathway with the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib or HDAC with belinostat both independently increased dependence on BCL-2 but not MCL-1, thereby sensitizing T-PLL cells to venetoclax. Based on these results, we treated 2 patients with refractory T-PLL with a combination of venetoclax and ruxolitinib. We observed a deep response in JAK3-mutated T-PLL and a stabilization of the nonmutated disease. Our functional, precision-medicine-based approach identified inhibitors of HDAC and the JAK/STAT pathway as promising combination partners for venetoclax, warranting a clinical exploration of such combinations in T-PLL.
Session details: PhD Symposium (2012)

We are very satisfied with the variety and the quality of the contributions selected for the WWW2012 PhD Symposium. This is due mainly to the work of the members of the Program Committee, who we thank for successfully completing such a difficult task. Indeed, the criteria taken into account while reviewing a PhD Symposium paper are uncommon ones. Firstly, all the retained papers are introducing innovative scientific ideas. Moreover, they are presenting work in progress, sometimes difficult to be evaluated, and well suited for receiving feedback from experienced researchers as well as from other PhD students working in related research areas.
Optical Characterization of Neurosurgical Operating Microscopes: Quantitative Fluorescence and Assessment of PpIX Photobleaching (2018)

Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is increasingly used as a fluorescent marker for fluorescence-guided resection of malignant gliomas. Understanding how the properties of the excitation light source and PpIX fluorescence interact with the surgical microscope is critical for effective use of the fluorescence-guided tumor resection technique. In this study, we performed a detailed assessment of the intensity of the emitted blue light and white light and the light beam profile of clinical grade operating microscopes used for PpIX visualization. These measurements revealed both recognized fluorescence photobleaching limitations and unrecognized limitations that may alter quantitative observations of PpIX fluorescence obtained with the operating microscope with potential impact on research and clinical uses. We also evaluated the optical properties of a photostable fluorescent standard with an excitation-emission profile similar to PpIX. In addition, we measured the time-dependent dynamics of 5-ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence in an animal glioma model. Finally, we developed a ratiometric method for quantification of the PpIX fluorescence that uses the photostable fluorescent standard to normalize PpIX fluorescence intensity. This method increases accuracy and allows reproducible and direct comparability of the measurements from multiple samples.
In-Situ Observation of Single Silicon Particle During Charging and Discharging (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Cell-cycle-specific oscillation in the composition of chromatophore membrane in Rhodospirillum rubrum (1986)

Synchrony in phototrophic cultures of Rhodospirillum rubrum was induced by stationary-phase cycling or by alterations in light intensity. Intracytoplasmic chromatophore membranes were prepared by differential centrifugation. Analysis of the composition of chromatophores obtained from cells at different times indicated that the protein/bacteriochlorophyll a ratio was constant throughout the cell cycle but that the protein/phospholipid ratio oscillated. This cell-cycle-dependent fluctuation in chromatophore membrane composition was reflected in the buoyant densities of the isolated chromatophores.