gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DC Conductivity Measurements of LDPE: Influence of Specimen Preparation Method and Polymer Morphology (2017)

&lt;p&gt;DC conductivity measurements are important for gaining fundamental understanding of conduction mechanisms of insulation materials, as well as in the development of HVDC power system components, such as extruded cable systems. In this study, the influence of sample processing on the morphology and DC conductivity of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been studied. Direct compression moulding of LDPE pellets is commonly used in research laboratories for obtaining plaque samples, whereas extrusion is an additional commonly used technique for dispersion of particles in nanocomposites prior to the compression moulding process. In this study LDPE plaques have been obtained by either compression moulding directly from pellets, or by extrusion followed by compression moulding. The morphology obtained in the first case consisted of banded spherulites, whereas the latter method yielded a morphology of small axialites. The difference in sample processing had also an impact on the DC conductivity. The DC conductivity at 22 ­°C and 3.3 kV/mm was of the order of 4E-18 S/m for the plaques obtained by extrusion and compression moulding whereas the plaques obtained by direct compression moulding exhibited a conductivity of 1E-16 S/m. In addition, the reproducibility of the performed DC conductivity measurements was also verified in a round robin test performed between the Royal Institute of Technology and &lt;br /&gt;Chalmers Technical University.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure S4 from Combined Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) and WEE1 Inhibition Demonstrates Synergistic Antitumor Effect in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4 related to Figure 5D-F. (A) Individual tumor volume changes in Detroit 562-xenografted mice treated with vehicle, adavosertib (30 mg/kg, daily, p.o.), alisertib (30 mg/kg, daily, p.o.), or the combinations of alisertib with adavosertib. Tumor volume changes of all mice belonged to this study was shown in bottom panel (n = 6 per group). Significant differences between the combination and single drug alone are shown. (B) Body weight (g) of mice was monitored every other day. Graphs depict Mean {plus minus} SEM.&lt;/p&gt;
Response time testing of temperature sensors using loop current step response method (2013)

The Loop Current Step Response (LCSR) method is used for in-situ response time testing of temperature sensors as installed in an industrial process. This paper presents the theoretical foundation of the LCSR (test theory, LCSR equation and test procedures) and the author’s research to validate its use in nuclear power industry applications. The validity of the LCSR method depends on how well the temperature sensor design satisfies LCSR test assumptions, the quality of LCSR data in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, the application of proper sampling parameters for the LCSR data acquisition phase, and the suitability of the algorithms and fitting processes used in the LCSR data analysis stage. In multiple tests the author demonstrated a ±10% agreement between the median values of the response time produced by the plunge and LCSR methods. The plunge test is the standard method for laboratory measurement of the response time of temperature sensors.
<title>Compact lightweight payload for covert datalink using a multiple quantum well modulating retroreflector on a small rotary-wing unmanned airborne vehicle</title> (2000)

In this paper, we describe progress in the development of the NRL Multiple Quantum Well modulating retro-reflector including a description of recent demonstrations of an infrared data link between a small rotary-wing unmanned airborne vehicle and a ground based laser interrogator using the NRL multiple quantum well modulating retro-reflector. Modulating retro-reflector systems couple an optical retro- reflector, such as a corner-cube, and an electro-optic shutter to allow two-way optical communications using a laser, telescope and pointer-tracker on only one platform. The NRL modulating retro-reflector uses a semiconductor based multiple quantum well shutter capable of modulation rates up to 10 Mbps, depending on link characteristics. The technology enable the use of near-infrared frequencies, which is well known to provide covert communications immune to frequency allocation problems. The multiple quantum well modulating retro-reflector has the added advantage of being compact, lightweight, covert, and requires very low power. Up to an order of magnitude in onboard power can be saved using a small array of these devices instead of the Radio Frequency equivalent. In the described demonstration, a Mbps optical link to an unmanned aerial vehicle in flight at a range of 100-200 feet is shown. Near real-time compressed video is also demonstrated at the Mbps level.
<title>Requirements and suggestions for an industrial smooth surface microroughness standards</title> (1996)

A number of physical standards are available for the measurement of surface roughness, but none of them are applicable to use with the very smooth surfaces being manufactured in the semiconductor, computer disk and flat panel display industries. This paper reviews some of the issues and suggests possible approaches for realizing such standards. Suggestions include grating like surfaces, very square steps and isotropic (polished) silicon.
Sinter-forged (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oxsuperconductors (1993)

Dense (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox bars were fabricated by sinter forging. The bars were highly phase-pure and exhibited strong textures in which the c axes of the platelike grains were preferentially aligned parallel to the pressing direction. Transport critical current densities increased with texture, reaching a maximum of 8*103 A cm-2 at 77 K in a self-field. Optimal processing in air occurred at 845-850 degrees C.
Smart micro/nanoparticles in stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery systems (2016)

New achievements in the realm of nanoscience and innovative techniques of nanomedicine have moved micro/nanoparticles (MNPs) to the point of becoming actually useful for practical applications in the near future. Various differences between the extracellular and intracellular environments of cancerous and normal cells and the particular characteristics of tumors such as physicochemical properties, neovasculature, elasticity, surface electrical charge, and pH have motivated the design and fabrication of inventive "smart" MNPs for stimulus-responsive controlled drug release. These novel MNPs can be tailored to be responsive to pH variations, redox potential, enzymatic activation, thermal gradients, magnetic fields, light, and ultrasound (US), or can even be responsive to dual or multi-combinations of different stimuli. This unparalleled capability has increased their importance as site-specific controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) and has encouraged their rapid development in recent years. An in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these DDS approaches is expected to further contribute to this groundbreaking field of nanomedicine. Smart nanocarriers in the form of MNPs that can be triggered by internal or external stimulus are summarized and discussed in the present review, including pH-sensitive peptides and polymers, redox-responsive micelles and nanogels, thermo- or magnetic-responsive nanoparticles (NPs), mechanical- or electrical-responsive MNPs, light or ultrasound-sensitive particles, and multi-responsive MNPs including dual stimuli-sensitive nanosheets of graphene. This review highlights the recent advances of smart MNPs categorized according to their activation stimulus (physical, chemical, or biological) and looks forward to future pharmaceutical applications.
Induction of the fibrinogen receptor on human platelets by epinephrine and the combination of epinephrine and ADP. (1980)

The capacity of epinephrine alone and the combination of low dose epinephrine and ADP to support the binding of fibrinogen to washed human platelets has been examined, 125I-Fibrinogen was bound to epinephrine-stimulated platelets, but 90 min were required to achieve maximal binding at 22 degrees C in contrast to 20 to 30 min with ADP. The overall rate of interaction appeared to reflect the slow binding of fibrinogen to epinephrine-stimulated platelets as opposed to the rate of stimulation of the cell. Divalent ions were required for binding of fibrinogen to epinephrine-stimulated platelets, and both calcium and magnesium supported binding with a prolonged time course. Fibrinogen binding was maximally supported by 20 to 30 microM epinephrine. The combination of low dose epinephrine (5 microM) and low dose ADP (0.5 microM), which acted synergistically to induce platelet aggregation, supported the rapid (10 min) binding of fibrinogen to platelets. With 4 microM epinephrine, more fibrinogen bound per platelet at all ADP doses than with ADP alone. With all the stimuli, saturable binding of fibrinogen to the platelet was observed, and Scatchard plots were linear, yielding very similar apparent association constants. The number of molecules bound per cell was stimulus-dependent, with 30 microM epinephrine inducing the binding of fewer fibrinogen molecules per cell (mean = 20,400) than 10 microM ADP (mean = 35,900) or the combination of 5 microM epinephrine + 0.5 microM ADP (mean = 43,600). The participation of endogenous ADP in fibrinogen binding to epinephrine-stimulated platelets was suggested since enzymes which remove ADP, apyrase, and creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase, and the ADP analogue, 2-chloroadenosine, completely inhibited the binding of fibrinogen to the platelet.
Deformation mechanism under essential work of fracture process in polycyclo-olefin materials (2008)

The fracture toughness of a glassy polycyclo-olefin (PCO) was investigated by the essential work of fracture (EWF) method using a double-edge notched specimens. It was shown that the PCO follows the EWF concept in the temperature range between room temperature and glass transition temperature Tg where the ligament yielding appear at a maximum point on the stress-displacement curves and subsequently the necking and tearing processes take place in the post yielding region. The essential work of fracture required for the ligament yielding drops as the temperature approaches Tg. The non-essential work of fracture attributed to tearing process after yielding is consumed to expand the plastic region and causes molecular chains to orient to the stretching direction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of 4‐Dioxy‐2‐enones from 1,3‐Dienes Using Pyridinium Dichromate ‐ tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Embeddable Batteries: Taking Shape (2010)

Just as embedded electronics are becoming an integral part of sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles, and a number of other instruments, so are embedded power sources. In a lorger-scale application such as power generation, existing silicon-based and futuristic high-efficiency thin-film solar cells will have high-energy-density and high-power-density thin-film batteries for energy harvesting, storage, and delivery. This article describes some of the recent developments at APL in the area of three classes of emerging battery technologies. In one class, the batteries are embedded into the instrument by fabricating them in conformal shapes. In the second class, the objective is to grow them on surfaces that serve as the skin of the solar cell or the skeleton of the instrument. In the third approach, using emerging nonotechnology, battery chemicals are encapsulated inside metal nanotubes that are grown in situ in thin-film polymer sheets that are subsequently bonded together into batteries.
Homemade explosives in the subsurface as intermediate electrical conductivity materials, a new physical principle for their detection (2014)

Detection of homemade explosive (HME) containing ammonium nitrate (AN) in the subsurface is of great interest to the US military and its coalition partners. Due to the hygroscopy of AN, this HME is expected to be an intermediate electrical conductivity material (IECM), defined here as one having electrical conductivity greater than soils, which have conductivities 0.1 to 1000 mS&bull;m<sup>−1</sup> but less than metals, which have electrical conductivities on the order of 10 MS&bull;m<sup>−1</sup>. Our preliminary experimental and numerical modeling have established that AN-containing HME in the subsurface can, in all likelihood, be detected by electromagnetic exploration geophysics techniques, specifically by ground penetrating radar (GPR) and by electromagnetic induction (EMI). The electromagnetic induction signatures of HME for these techniques are distinctive. For example, in the case of EMI, the maximum quadrature response frequencies for IECM targets have been found to be greater than 100 kHz.
Hiding Data in Multimedia Streaming over Networks (2010)

This paper presents a steganography method to covertly transmit data via normal or delayed B frame packets in multimedia streaming over networks. The proposed covert channels do not change the original traffic pattern. The bandwidth and the impact of the proposed covertchannels on the quality of multimedia transmission are analyzed. Simulations on real video traces are conducted and the results show the proposed covert channels not only achieve relatively high bandwidth but also keep the received video quality high, which makesit practical and not easy to be detected.
MicroRNAs Modulate Schwann Cell Response to Nerve Injury by Reinforcing Transcriptional Silencing of Dedifferentiation-Related Genes (2011)

In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells (SCs) surrounding damaged axons undergo an injury response that is driven by an intricate transcriptional program and is critical for nerve regeneration. To examine whether these injury-induced changes in SCs are also regulated posttranscriptionally by miRNAs, we performed miRNA expression profiling of mouse sciatic nerve distal segment after crush injury. We also characterized the SC injury response in mice containing SCs with disrupted miRNA processing due to loss of Dicer. We identified 87 miRNAs that were expressed in mouse adult peripheral nerve, 48 of which were dynamically regulated after nerve injury. Most of these injury-regulated SC miRNAs were computationally predicted to inhibit drivers of SC dedifferentiation/proliferation and thereby re-enforce the transcriptional program driving SC remyelination. SCs deficient in miRNAs manifested a delay in the transition between the distinct differentiation states required to support peripheral nerve regeneration. Among the miRNAs expressed in adult mouse SCs, miR-34a and miR-140 were identified as functional regulators of SC dedifferentiation/proliferation and remyelination, respectively. We found that miR-34a interacted with positive regulators of dedifferentiation and proliferation such as Notch1 and Ccnd1 to control cell cycle dynamics in SCs. miR-140 targeted the transcription factor Egr2, a master regulator of myelination, and modulated myelination in DRG/SC cocultures. Together, these results demonstrate that SC miRNAs are important modulators of the SC regenerative response after nerve damage.
Finite Element Analysis of the Anatomy of Acupuncture Points (2009)

Acupuncture is a centuries-old traditional therapy that is used to treat a litany of diseases and conditions. Acupuncture is performed by inserting fine needles into specific locations defined in ancient times — acupressure is similarly applied at these points by tissue palpation without needle insertion. Manipulating these acupuncture points is believed to regulate the flow of energy or ‘qi’ through acupuncture meridians to produce specific, far-reaching results. Though no scientific correlate to ‘qi’ has been identified, acupuncture has indeed been demonstrated to be clinically effective for nausea [1] and osteoarthritic pain [2], and suggested for addiction, stroke rehabilitation, headache, menstrual cramps, tennis elbow, fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, low back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and asthma [1]. Despite this evidence, no scientific basis for the location of acupuncture points has been found.
A 65nm CMOS SoC with embedded HSDPA/EDGE transceiver, digital baseband and multimedia processor (2011)

This paper presents a multimode UMTS/GSM RF transceiver integrated with a digital baseband having advanced multimedia functionalities. The SoC, designed in 65nm digital CMOS, supports quad-band GSM/GPRS/EDGE (3GPP R4, Class12) and tri-band UMTS/WCDMA (3GPP R99, R5 cat 5/6), including band 1-2-4-5-6-8-9-10.
410 Priming of SynNotch CAR T cells via CNS-specific antigen allows spatial and temporal regulation of CAR expression, effective homing and persistence of T cells in the CNS, resulting in the complete eradication of aggresive glioblastoma (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> The CAR T cell therapies have failed to produce long-term remission in glioma patients. One of the key challenges in the development of an effective CAR-T therapy is the absence of target antigens that are tumor-specific and have homogenous expression. To safely target glioblastoma-associated antigens (GAAs) in the tumor without attacking normal tissue expressing the same GAAs outside of the brain, we adopted a novel synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptor system and established a “prime and kill” sequential two-receptor CAR circuit. We used glioblastoma- (GBM) specific neoantigen EGFRvIII as a priming signal for synNotch receptor and have reported robust antitumor response in the mice bearing intracerebral PDX tumor with heterogenous EGFRvIII expression. However, less than 20% of adult GBM cases express EGFRvIII. Furthermore, EGFRvIII expression can diminish over time even after its detection in the primary GBM, and the EGFRvIII-synNotch primed CAR T cells may deplete EGFRvIII-expressing GBM cells via their cytotoxic effects, thereby losing the priming signal. To overcome these inherent challenges of the EGFRvIII-priming strategy, we used CNS (Central Nervous System) tissue-specific antigens as the priming signal to drive localized expression of the CAR against EphA2 and IL-13Rα2 and bypassed the need for tumor-specific antigen. <h3>Methods</h3> We have found BCAN (also known as Brevican) as the most promising priming antigen based on the specific and robust priming among several CNS-specific cell surface proteins that we evaluated. We created a synNotch-CAR circuit in which BCAN primes the T cells to induce expression of a CAR that recognizes IL-13Rα2 and EphA2. <h3>Results</h3> When mice bearing intracerebral GBM6 PDX received a single intravenous (IV) infusion of T cells engineered with the α-<b>B</b>CAN <b>syn</b>Notch α-EphA2/IL-13Rα2 <b>C</b>AR (B-SYNC) circuit, all mice (10/10) demonstrated complete regression of the tumor. Furthermore, these B-SYNC T cells were significantly more efficacious than constitutively expressed EphA2/IL-13Rα2 CAR T cells. The enhanced in vivo efficacy and superior persistence of B-SYNC T cells were associated with its tissue-resident and memory stem-cell-like phenotype. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Taken together, the B-SYNC approach represents a robustly efficacious and conceptually novel T cell therapy with the CNS tissue-specific CAR activation. This also enhances the translational significance of synNotch-CAR T cells by widely extending the eligibility to EGFRvIII-negative glioma patients. We are currently developing a phase I study to evaluate the safety as well as the homing and priming status (i.e. expression of CAR) of the IV-infused B-SYNC T cells in patients with GBM.
The first [14]cyclidene complexes: relationships between macrocyclic ring size, lacunar cavity shape, and dioxygen affinity of the cobalt-cyclidene dioxygen carriers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe first [14]cyclidene complexes: relationships between macrocyclic ring size, lacunar cavity shape, and dioxygen affinity of the cobalt-cyclidene dioxygen carriersJihong Chen, Naidong Ye, Nathaniel W. Alcock, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 6, 904–910Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00058a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00058a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Robust and Efficient Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Hybrid Precoding Architecture based on the Perceiver Neural Network (2022)

&lt;p&gt;Hybrid precoding has been envisaged as an attractive alternative to fully digital precoding in massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) systems, where it can ultimately reduce the cost and the power consumption while maintaining an acceptable sum rate. Within this context, deep learning (DL) is proposed as an optimization tool to realize this. However, most of the existing DL based hybrid precoding solutions are based on the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which have inductive bias that limits the learning capability of the highly stochastic massive MIMO channel. Conversely, the present contribution proposes a novel DL based hybrid precoder that can achieve an improved performance at a reduced computation time compared to the CNN based techniques. This is achieved through the design of a Perceiver Neural Network (PNN) architecture for hybrid precoding, where the PNN accepts a noisy channel matrix as an input and produces the analog precoder and combiners as an output. Also, the proposed architecture learns to reshape the input data in order to achieve the best accuracy through a novel trainable reshaping module. Our design involves an offline phase, in which we build our realistic ray tracing based massive MIMO dataset to train our Perceiver-based hybrid precoder (PBHP). In this context, we conduct extensive experiments to compare the PBHP with a CNN-based hybrid precoder (CNN-HP). It is extensively shown that the proposed PBHP outperforms the CNN-HP in terms of both accuracy and inference time. Moreover, the PBHP is more robust when the transmit power is low and the number of antennas is large. Finally, the offered results demonstrate that the PBHP exhibits a drastically less inference time (by nearly an order of magnitude) than the CNN-HP, especially for higher number of antennas, rendering it a promising candidate for the next-generation wireless networks.&lt;/p&gt;