gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copeptin Levels Before and After Transsphenoidal Surgery for Cushing Disease: A Potential Marker of Remission (2021)

Abstract Objectives: Chronic hypercortisolemia suppresses AVP secretion. Copeptin makes up the C-terminal portion of the AVP precursor pre-pro-AVP, is released in stoichiometric amounts with AVP, and is a stable surrogate marker of AVP.A post-operative increase in plasma copeptin was hypothesized to be a marker of remission of Cushing Disease (CD). Methods: Plasma copeptin was obtained in patients with CD before and daily in the first week after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS), measured using the Brahm Kryptor Compact PLUS sandwich immunofluorescent assay. Urine output, serum sodium, urine specific gravity, and urine/serum osmolality were used to determine development of central diabetes insipidus (DI) and/or syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Change in copeptin reflects pre-TSS to peak post-TSS copeptin levels. Statistical analyses were completed using non-parametric tests. Results are presented as median (inter-quartile range). Results: Forty-four patients (64% female, 7-55 years old) were included. After TSS, 8 (18%) developed DI, 13 (30%) developed SIADH, 4 (9%) developed both DI and SIADH, and 19 (43%) developed neither. Thirty-three patients had a follow-up at 3-6 months. Overall, there was no difference in peak post-TSS copeptin for patients in remission versus those not in remission [6.1 pmol/L (4.3-12.1) vs. 7.3 pmol/L (5.4-8.4), p=0.88]. There was, also, no difference in the copeptin change for those in remission versus not in remission [2.3 pmol/L (-0.5-8.2) vs. 0.1 pmol/L (-0.1-2.2), p=0.46]. When we excluded patients who developed a water balance disorder postoperatively, there was a difference in peak post-TSS copeptin for those in remission [10.2 pmol/L (6.9-21.0)] vs. those not in remission [5.4 pmol/L (4.6-7.3), p=0.032], but not in the change in copeptin for those in remission vs. not in remission [5.1 pmol/L (0.3-19.5) vs. 1.1 pmol/L (-0.1-2.2), p=0.39]. Conclusions: Post-TSS plasma copeptin may be a useful early marker to predict remission of CD after TSS. However, the utility of this test may be limited to those who do not develop water balance disorders post-operatively. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and to determine a post-operative plasma copeptin cutoff level that may predict remission of CD.
A Simple and Inexpensive Device for Removal of Solvent from a Large Collection of Sample Tubes (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTA Simple and Inexpensive Device for Removal of Solvent from a Large Collection of Sample TubesMichael H. Gelb and Brian P. HolmView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 USA Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 2006, 8, 1, 15–17Publication Date (Web):November 23, 2005Publication History Received12 August 2005Published online23 November 2005Published inissue 1 January 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/cc050104bCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (367 KB) Supporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amorphous materials,Membranes,Solvents,Thermoresponsive polymers,Vacuum Get e-Alerts
A Preclinical Validation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease (2022)

Fistulizing anoperineal lesions are severe complications of Crohn's disease (CD) that affect quality of life with a long-term risk of anal sphincter destruction, incontinence, permanent stoma, and anal cancer. Despite several surgical procedures, they relapse in about two-thirds of patients, mandating innovative treatments. Ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO) have been described to achieve in vivo rapid healing of deep wounds in the skin and liver of rats thanks to their nanobridging capability that could be adapted to fistula treatment. Our main purpose was to highlight preclinical data with USPIO for the treatment of perianal fistulizing CD. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with severe 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution (TNBS)-induced proctitis were operated to generate two perianal fistulas per rat. At day 35, two inflammatory fistulas were obtained per rat and perineal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. After a baseline MRI, a fistula tract was randomly drawn and topically treated either with saline or with USPIO for 1 min (<i>n</i> = 17 for each). The rats underwent a perineal MRI on postoperative days (POD) 1, 4, and 7 and were sacrificed for pathological examination. The primary outcome was the filling or closure of the fistula tract, including the external or internal openings. USPIO treatment allowed the closure and/or filling of all the treated fistulas from its application until POD 7 in comparison with the control fistulas (23%). The treatment with USPIO was safe, permanently closed the fistula along its entire length, including internal and external orifices, and paved new avenues for the treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease.
Fastener Tightening Beyond Yield (2004)

The effect of fastener tightening beyond yield on the amount of clamp load loss, due to the application of a separating force, is investigated for a system in which the bolted joint remains within its elastic range. After the initial assembly, the joint is subsequently subjected to a tensile separating force, which increases the tensile stress in the fastener further into the plastic range. Simultaneously, the separating force reduces the clamping force. Upon the removal of the separating service load from the system, the system reaches a new equilibrium point between the fastener tension and the joint clamping force. At the new equilibrium point, the tension in the fastener is reduced due to its plastic elongation. The reduction in fastener tension translates to a partial, yet permanent, reduction in the clamping force. Excessive loss of the clamp load is a failure mode that may lead to joint leakage, loosening, or fatigue failure. Additionally, the loss of the clamp force reduces the mean stress, which may significantly affect the fatigue performance of the system under subsequent cyclic loads. A discretized non-linear model is established in order to describe the fastener behavior, and to determine the clamp load loss due to the permanent set in the fastener. The effect of two non-dimensional variables on the amount of clamp load loss is investigated. The first variable is the fastener-to-joint stiffness ratio, and the second is the ratio of initial fastener tension to its yield strength. Analytical results are presented for a range of stiffness ratios that simulates both soft and hard joint applications.
Relação do teor em alcatrão dos cigarros com a mortalidade por cancro do pulmão no Grupo Prospectivo de Prevenção de Cancro - II, 1982-8 (2004)

Estudo epidemiolÃ³gico realizado com o contributo da American Cancer Society com o objectivo de avaliar o risco de cancro do pulmÃ£o em fumadores de cigarros com filtro com conteÃºdo mÃ©dio (standard) de alcatrÃ£o, comparativamente a fumadores de cigarros com baixo e muito baixo teor em alcatrÃ£o e, ainda, comparativamente a fumadores de cigarros sem filtro com elevado conteÃºdo em alcatrÃ£o. Participaram 364 239 homens e 576 535 mulheres com mais de 29 anos e que nunca tinham fumado, eram ex-fumadores ou fumadores activos fiÃ©is Ã mesma marca de tabaco (mÃ­nimo de 10 anos). A anÃ¡lise incidiu sobre a mortalidade por cancro do pulmÃ£o. Durante os 6 anos de acompanhamento (1982-1988), morreram por neoplasia 2622 homens e 1406 mulheres. O estudo concluiu que: â¢ Independentemente do teor em alcatrÃ£o, todos os fumadores activos tinham maior risco de cancro do pulmÃ£o do que os ex-fumadores e os nÃ£o fumadores. â¢ O risco de cancro do pulmÃ£o foi semelhante nos fumadores de cigarros com conteÃºdo mÃ©dio, baixo ou muito baixo em alcatrÃ£o. â¢ Os fumadores de tabaco sem filtro e alto teor em alcatrÃ£o apresentaram um risco ainda mais elevado de cancro do pulmÃ£o. â¢ O risco de neoplasia do pulmÃ£o nos ex-fumadores antes dos 35 anos foi prÃ³ximo do risco dos que nunca fumaram. COMENTÃRIO: A maioria dos estudos de caso-controlo examinaram os riscos de cancro de pulmÃ£o entre tabaco com alto teor em alcatrÃ£o e tabaco com teor mÃ©dio (convencional). A presente anÃ¡lise Ã© mais realista, dada a reduÃ§Ã£o da percentagem de fumadores de cigarros sem filtro/alto teor em alcatrÃ£o, pelo menos na Europa Ocidental. Contudo, atendendo Ã idade dos doentes, duraÃ§Ã£o dos hÃ¡bitos tabÃ¡gicos e duraÃ§Ã£o da comercializaÃ§Ã£o de tabaco de baixo/muito baixo teor em alcatrÃ£o, a maioria dos casos nÃ£o pode ter fumado ao longo da vida exclusivamente estes tipos de cigarros â pelo que a anÃ¡lise nÃ£o compara com todo o rigor vÃ¡rios tipos exclusivos de cigarros. Mas, apesar da crÃ­tica, os resultados obtidos nÃ£o sÃ£o inesperados e sÃ£o atÃ© compatÃ­veis com o descrito âfenÃ³meno do acto compensatÃ³rio de fumarâ, ou seja, o fumador tem tendÃªncia a regular os nÃ­veis de nicotina desejados. Assim, ao fumar tabaco com menor concentraÃ§Ã£o, promovemse inalaÃ§Ãµes compensatÃ³rias de forma que a quantidade de nicotina se mantenha a mesma. Como a quantidade de nicotina e de alcatrÃ£o estÃ£o directamente associadas, a necessidade de manter os nÃ­veis de nicotina leva tambÃ©m Ã manutenÃ§Ã£o da inalaÃ§Ã£o de alcatrÃ£o. AlÃ©m disso, o alcatrÃ£o nÃ£o Ã© um forte indicador da quantidade de carcinogÃ©neos libertados, nomeadamente as nitrosaminas que podem atÃ© aumentar com as novas tÃ©cnicas de tratamento/mistura do tabaco na manufacturaÃ§Ã£o. Palavras-chave: tabaco, teor em alcatrÃ£o/nicotina, cancro do pulmÃ£o
On sensor image compression (1997)

In this paper, we propose a novel image sensor which compresses image signals on the sensor plane. Since an image signal is compressed on the sensor plane by making use of the parallel nature of image signals, the amount of signal read out from the sensor can be significantly reduced. Thus, the potential applications of the proposed sensor are high pixel rate cameras and processing systems which require very high speed imaging or very high resolution imaging. The very high bandwidth is the fundamental limitation to the feasibility of those high pixel rate sensors and processing systems. Conditional replenishment is employed for the compression algorithm. In each pixel, current pixel value is compared to that in the last replenished frame. The value and the address of the pixel are extracted and coded if the magnitude of the difference is greater than a threshold. Analog circuits have been designed for processing in each pixel. A first prototype of a VLSI chip has been fabricated. Some results of experiments obtained by using the first prototype are shown in this paper.
Fracturing silica‐based catalysts during ethylene polymerization (1981)

Abstract The rate and extent to which silica‐based catalysts fracture during the polymerization of ethylene in a slurry process were examined. Reactions were stopped at various times to yield as little as 20 g of polymer per gram of catalyst to more than 20,000 g/g. The catalyst residue was then collected and analyzed. Fragmentation of the catalyst was complete within the first minute or two of polymerization, whereas the rate of reaction continued to increase for more than an hour. Therefore fragmentation cannot be the rate‐controlling step. A comparision of the kinetics of Cr/silica and Ti‐Mg/silica led to the same conclusion. The most active silica gels also tended to be the most porous, which suggests fragility as a necessary requisite. Although 98% of their surface was internal, their activity was comparable to that of nonporous silicas, in which all the surface was external. This suggests that long polymer chains can diffuse out of the pores.
Development of Rolling Technology for an Iron-Based Shape-Memory-Alloy (2016)

Low cost Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys (SMA) have drawn much attention during the last two decades as a cost-effective alternative to the expensive Ni-Ti based SMA. In particular, the alloy Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-4Ni-1(V,C) (mass%), which has been developed at Empa shows very promising properties with regard to potential commercial applications in civil and mechanical engineering. This alloy has a higher reverse transformation temperature and larger thermal hysteresis in comparison to the Ni-Ti based alloys, which is adequate for producing stable recovery stresses at room temperature. Furthermore, recovery stresses of up to 300 MPa after heating to only 160°C can be achieved without so-called ‘training’ treatment. Furthermore, the alloy can be easily and cost effectively produced under standard air melting and casting conditions. For availability of these heavily microstructure dependent skills for civil and mechanical engineering, e.g. as prestressing elements in concrete structures or coupling/clamping devices, a process chain for manufacturing is necessary. Therefore, a hot and cold rolling technology for strip production with thermal heat treatment processes was developed at TU Bergakademie on base of experimental simulation results. The last one helps to understand the dependencies of deformation parameters, the deformation behavior and their influence to the microstructure evolution in correlation to the recovery.This paper discusses the basic material properties, recovery stress formation behavior and finally the feasibility of the alloy as reinforcing elements in civil engineering applications by using a rolling technology for flat products.
Debaryomyces is enriched in Crohn’s disease intestinal tissue and impairs healing in mice (2021)

Alterations of the mycobiota composition associated with Crohn's disease (CD) are challenging to link to defining elements of pathophysiology, such as poor injury repair. Using culture-dependent and -independent methods, we discovered that <i>Debaryomyces hansenii</i> preferentially localized to and was abundant within incompletely healed intestinal wounds of mice and inflamed mucosal tissues of CD human subjects. <i>D. hansenii</i> cultures from injured mice and inflamed CD tissues impaired colonic healing when introduced into injured conventionally raised or gnotobiotic mice. We reisolated <i>D. hansenii</i> from injured areas of these mice, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Mechanistically, <i>D. hansenii</i> impaired mucosal healing through the myeloid cell-specific type 1 interferon-CCL5 axis. Taken together, we have identified a fungus that inhabits inflamed CD tissue and can lead to dysregulated mucosal healing.
Mehrkanalige THz-Bildgebung zur Qualitätskontrolle (Multichannel THz Imaging for Quality Management) (2008)

Wir stellen ein mehrkanaliges THz-Ultrakurzpuls-Bildgebungssystem mit elektrooptischer Liniendetektion vor. Das System basiert auf einem kompakten und robusten faserverstärkten Femtosekunden-Lasersystem mit hoher Ausgangsleistung. Das THz-Bildgebungssystem vereint dabei die Vorteile der schnellen Vielkanaldetektion mit dem hohen Signal/Rausch-Verhältnis der balancierten elektrooptischen Detektion.
Diversion Detection in Small-Diameter HDPE Pipes Using Guided Waves and Deep Learning (2022)

In this paper, we propose a novel technique for the inspection of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes using ultrasonic sensors, signal processing, and deep neural networks (DNNs). Specifically, we propose a technique that detects whether there is a diversion on a pipe or not. The proposed model transmits ultrasound signals through a pipe using a custom-designed array of piezoelectric transmitters and receivers. We propose to use the Zadoff–Chu sequence to modulate the input signals, then utilize its correlation properties to estimate the pipe channel response. The processed signal is then fed to a DNN that extracts the features and decides whether there is a diversion or not. The proposed technique demonstrates an average classification accuracy of 90.3% (when one sensor is used) and 99.6% (when two sensors are used) on 34 inch pipes. The technique can be readily generalized for pipes of different diameters and materials.
The Stimulation of CD147 Induces MMP-9 Expression through ERK and NF-κB in Macrophages: Implication for Atherosclerosis (2009)

These results suggest that CD147 mediates the inflammatory activation of macrophages that leads to the induction of MMP-9 expression, which could play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Ultra-rare disruptive and damaging mutations influence educational attainment in the general population (2020)

Disruptive and damaging ultra-rare variants (URVs) in highly constrained (HC) genes are enriched in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. In the general population, this class of variants was associated with a decrease in years of education (YOE; −3.1 months; P-value=3.3×10−8). This effect was stronger among high brain-expressed genes and explained more YOE variance than pathogenic copy number variation, but less than common variants. Disruptive and damaging URVs in HC genes influence the determinants of YOE in the general population.
Techniques to Provide Resilient Alternative Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (APNT) Using Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) Ground Stations (2015)

The United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Alternative Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (APNT) program is examining the use of existing FAA terrestrial infrastructure to provide navigation capable of continuing US National Airspace System (NAS) operations should Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position, navigation, and timing (PNT) services be unavailable. The approximately 700 automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) ground stations in the United States, these ground stations represents a key existing infrastructure that can be leveraged to deliver APNT. However, ADS-B was not designed to provide high accuracy/high integrity navigation services – it was designed to provide surveillance to air traffic control (ATC) automation systems to support the safe separation of aircraft and advisory services to pilots. As a result, ADS-B transmissions do not inherently possess features, such as ranging or integrity, necessary to support APNT navigation requirements. This paper describes and analyzes some possible means for aircraft to use ADS-B ground station signals for precise positioning or ranging to support area navigation (RNAV) and potentially required navigation performance (RNP). 

The paper first provides background on the United States (US) APNT and ADS-B programs. It examines how ADS-B signals can support APNT by either providing positioning directly or by providing ranging. The benefits and drawbacks to using position reports versus ranging from the ground is discussed. The body of this paper examines the two ADS-B protocols implemented in the US: Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) and Mode S Extended Squitter (ES) and how each could be modified to support pseudo and/or true ranging. Additionally, the paper explore ranging based on the combined use of signals from both protocols and how leveraging each protocol’s unique features could help overcome some of the limitations of using a single protocol alone.
e0302 Effects of xuezhikang on blood lipids and the levels of plasma endothelins, thromboxane B2, 6-keto-PGF—1a in Patients with primary hyperlipidaemia (2010)

Objective To observe the effects of Xuezhikang on blood lipids and the levels of plasma endothelins, thromboxane B 2 , 6-keto-PGFla in patients with primary hyperlipidaemia. Methods 120 patients with primary hyperlipidaemia were enrolled in this study, 82 males and 38 females, age 36–74 years old, average ages (55±9) years old. 12 weeks after taking Xuezhikang, the clinical effect and the effect on the level of plasma endothelins, thromboxane B 2 , 6-Keto-PGFla were compared before and after the treatment, and the relation between blood lipids and ratio of plasma endothelins, thromboxane B 2 to 6- Keto-PGFla were analysed. Results 12 weeks after treatment, the level of TG, cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apoB 100 decreased sharply (p&lt;0.05–0.001); the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) elevated (p&lt;0.05); ratio of plasma endothelins decreased sharply (p&lt;0.001); rate value of thromboxane B 2 to 6-Keto-PGFla before treatment was higher than health people but lower after treatment (p&lt;0.01). There were positive correlations between the decreased TC. TG, LDL-C and decreased ET-1, the ratio TXB 2 /6-keto-PGFla (r=0.832–0.963, p&lt;0.01–0.001). The same positive correlation was found between the decreased ET-1 and the ratio of TXB 2 /6-keto-PGF1a (r=0.987, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions Plasma endothelins level and ratio of thromboxane B 2 to 6-Keto- PGFla increased in the patients with primary hyperlipidaemia. Xuezhikang not only effectively adjusted blood lipids level but also reduced plasma endothelins level and ratio of thromboxane B 2 to 6-Keto- PGFla.
(NH4)3C60:  A New C60 Superconductor? (1996)

The enthalpy of formation (ΔHf) of the ionic solid (NH4+)3C603- is assessed. The solid is found to be stable with respect to the standard state reactants (N2(g), H2(g), and C60(s)), with a ΔHf of −1.82 eV/mol. For comparison, this enthalpy of formation is less than the enthalpy of formation of, e.g., K3C60 (−6.27 eV/mol). There are several attractive features of (NH4+)3C603- as a new ionic solid and potential superconductor, if it can be synthesized. It is well-known that the size of the NH4+ cation is almost exactly the same as that of Rb+. Among the M3C60 superconductors, Rb3C60 has the second highest superconducting transition temperature, with Tc = 28 K, which suggests that the Tc of a superconducting (NH4)3C60 could be higher than yet achieved for C60 superconductors, of which Cs3C60(s) has the highest Tc of 40 K. There is a 28% relative mass change when the NH4+ countercation is replaced by 15ND4+, which is a much larger relative change than can be achieved with the alkali metal atoms, which is important for study of the isotopic substitution effect on Tc. There is also the possibility of unique dynamics in which the ammonium ion rotates in the lattice; the presence of a molecular ion, rather than an atomic ion, could play a role in the mechanism of superconductivity, if the solid is superconducting. Finally, alternative methods to produce such an ammonium salt of C60, such as electrosynthesis or direct synthesis in liquid ammonia, would be required in contrast to the method of the production of M3C60 (M = alkali atom) based on vapor phase transport of M via sublimation in sealed tubes.