gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Fuel (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Hydrogen has been proposed as a possible fuel for automotive applications. This paper reports an experimental investigation of hydrogen as HCCI engine fuel. The aim of the experimental study is to investigate the possibility to run an HCCI engine on an extremely fast burning fuel such as hydrogen as well as to study the efficiency, the combustion phasing and the formation of emissions.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The experiments were conducted on a single-cylinder research engine with a displacement volume of 1.6 litres and pancake combustion chamber geometry. Variation of lambda, engine speed, compression ratio and intake temperature were parts of the experimental setting. The engine was operated in Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) mode and as comparison also in Spark Ignition (SI) mode.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Hydrogen was found to be a possible fuel for an HCCI engine. The heat release rate was extremely high and the interval of possible start of combustion crank angles was found to be narrow. The high rate of heat release limited the operating range to lean (λ&amp;gt;3) conditions. On the other hand operation on extremely lean mixtures (λ=6) was found possible. The possible operating range was investigated when intake gas temperature was used for control and also this control interval was found to be narrow, especially when richer cases were run.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The maximum load in HCCI mode was an IMEPn of 3.5 bar which is about half of the load possible in SI mode and about half the maximum load in HCCI mode with other fuels. For the loads where HCCI operation could be conducted indicated thermal efficiency for HCCI was superior to that of SI.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;NOx emissions were, as expected, found to decrease when lambda was increased and the levels were very low in HCCI mode. High levels of hydrogen were found in the exhaust with HCCI.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;When the engine was operated on low lambdas (i.e. λ=3) emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were detected, probably originating from evaporated and partially oxidized lubrication oil.&lt;/div&gt;
Evidence for two distinct phosphatidylinositol kinases in fibroblasts. Implications for cellular regulation (1987)

Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) kinase activities from non-transformed and polyoma-middle-T-transformed murine fibroblasts were examined. Both normal and transformed 3T3 fibroblasts have two PtdIns kinases, which can be separated by anion-exchange chromatography. One of these activities (Type I) has a Km for ATP of 10 microM, is resistant to inhibition by adenosine, AMP or ADP, and is inhibited by non-ionic detergents. The other activity (Type II) has a somewhat higher Km for ATP (35 microM) and is inhibited competitively by ADP, AMP and adenosine at concentrations suggesting regulation of this activity by the energy charge of the cell. The Type II PtdIns kinase is activated by non-ionic detergents. We have previously reported the specific association of a PtdIns kinase activity with polyoma-middle-T immunoprecipitates [Whitman, Kaplan, Schaffhausen, Cantley & Roberts (1985) Nature (London) 315, 239-242; Kaplan, Whitman, Schaffhausen, Raptis, Garcea, Pallas, Roberts & Cantley (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83, 3624-3628]. Comparison of the immunoprecipitated PtdIns kinase with the activities identified by ion-exchange chromatography indicates that it is the Type I enzyme which specifically associates with the middle-T/pp60c-src complex. This PtdIns kinase activity is separable from both middle T and pp60c-src. Type I PtdIns kinase also associates with pp60v-src immunoprecipitates from Rous-sarcoma-virus-transformed cells. Furthermore, this PtdIns kinase appears to co-precipitate with partially purified platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor. The amount of this activity found in anti-phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates or in wheat-germ-lectin-agarose precipitates is increased 50-fold by stimulation of quiescent Balb/C 3T3 fibroblasts with PDGF. These results suggest that the Type I PtdIns kinase is regulated by agents which affect cell growth and transformation, whereas the Type II PtdIns kinase may be regulated by the local [ATP]/[ADP] ratio.
Binding of proteinase 3 and myeloperoxidase to endothelial cells: ANCA-mediated endothelial damage through ADCC? (1994)

Binding of both proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) to endothelial cells (EC) has been suggested to be involved in the vascular damage seen in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis or microscopic polyangiitis. In the present study we investigated in detail the interaction of MPO and PR3 with cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and its matrix products. In addition, we investigated whether interaction of PR3 or MPO with HUVEC monolayers also resulted in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive patient sera or rabbit IgG anti-PR3 or anti-MPO. Preincubation of HUVEC monolayers with PR3 or MPO resulted in a dose-dependent binding of both PR3 and MPO. However, HUVEC, preincubated with PR3 or MPO, followed by ANCA or by rabbit anti-PR3 or anti-MPO, were not susceptible to ADCC. Detailed analysis of the binding of PR3 to HUVEC monolayers showed that PR3 binds primarily to the extracellular matrix of endothelial cells, and to a very limited extent to the cells themselves. For MPO it was shown that it binds both to the extracellular matrix and to the endothelial cells themselves. However, after binding to HUVEC cultures, MPO was not detectable by polyclonal rabbit or human antibodies specific for MPO, probably because MPO is bound to sites not accessible for immunoglobulins. Binding of PR3 to HUVEC cultures (cells + matrix) was inhibited by fetal calf serum and by alpha 1-antitrypsin, but inactivation of enzymatic activity of PR3 by PMSF did not influence binding of PR3 to HUVEC cultures. Binding of MPO to HUVEC cultures was not influenced by fetal calf serum.
Rho Kinase Inhibitors Block Melanoma Cell Migration and Inhibit Metastasis (2015)

There is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic opportunities for metastatic melanoma. Fragment-based screening has led to the discovery of orally available, ATP-competitive AKT kinase inhibitors, AT13148 and CCT129254. These compounds also inhibit the Rho-kinases ROCK 1 and ROCK 2 and we show they potently inhibit ROCK activity in melanoma cells in culture and in vivo. Treatment of melanoma cells with CCT129254 or AT13148 dramatically reduces cell invasion, impairing both "amoeboid-like" and mesenchymal-like modes of invasion in culture. Intravital imaging shows that CCT129254 or AT13148 treatment reduces the motility of melanoma cells in vivo. CCT129254 inhibits melanoma metastasis when administered 2 days after orthotopic intradermal injection of the cells, or when treatment starts after metastases have arisen. Mechanistically, our data suggest that inhibition of ROCK reduces the ability of melanoma cells to efficiently colonize the lungs. These results suggest that these novel inhibitors of ROCK may be beneficial in the treatment of metastasis.
Transport in Fibrous Battery Electrode Substrates (1997)

Abstract Advanced fibrous electrode substrates for use as substrates for the nickel electrodes in NiMH automotive cells are being studied analytically and experimentally. The electrodes must resist local failures under hundreds of charge/discharge cycles, during which these fibrous networks (impregnated with active material) are subjected to swelling loads induced by the cell electrochemical reaction. These fibrous materials can be effectively used as substrates for chemical reactions because of their combinations of high surface area and high conductivity. It is shown here these materials’ conductivity can be characterized using a statistical technique in conjunction with an adaptation of a classic continuum model. These approaches are presented here, and compared with experimental data on conduction in fibrous media. The new approach provides an efficient way of predicting the gradual loss in performance observed in battery materials.
Automatic 3D land register extraction from altimetric data in dense urban areas (2003)

This work present an automatic algorithm that extract 3D land register from altimetric data in dense urban areas. Altimetry of a town is a data which is easily available yet difficult to exploit. For instance, we present here results on two kind of measurements : the first one consists in a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) built using a correlation algorithm and some optical data, while the second one consists in a DEM obtained by Laser measurments.Our main objective is to design an entirely automatic method that is able to deal with this kind of data in very dense urban areas.We thus focus on elementary shape extraction and propose an algorithm that extracts rectangular buildings. The result provided consists in a kind of vectorial land register map that can be used, for instance, to perform precise roof shape estimation.The proposed algorithm uses our previous work. Using a point process framework, we model towns as configuration of rectangles. An energy is defined, that takes into account both a low level information provided by the altimetry of the scene, and some geometric knowledge of the disposition of buildings in towns.The estimation is done by minimizing the energy using a simulated annealing. We use a MCMC sampler that is a combination of general Metropolis Hastings Green techniques and Geyer and Møller algorithm of sampling of point processes. We use some original proposition kernels, such as birth or death in a neighborhood and define the energy with respect to an inhomogeneous Poisson point process.We present results on real data provided by IGN (French Mapping Institute). Results were automatically obtained, on areas that are 200m by 200m large. These results consist in configurations of around 100 rectangles describing considered areas with an error of 15 missclassification.
Development of 5D3-DM1: A Novel Anti-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Antibody-Drug Conjugate for PSMA-Positive Prostate Cancer Therapy (2020)

Prostate cancer (PC) is a potentially high-risk disease and the most common cancer in American men. It is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the US, second only to lung and bronchus cancer. Advanced and metastatic PC is initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but nearly all cases eventually progress to castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC is incurable in the metastatic stage but can be slowed by some conventional chemotherapeutics and second-generation ADT, such as enzalutamide and abiraterone. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in almost all aggressive PCs. PSMA is widely used as a target for PC imaging and drug delivery. Anti-PSMA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed as bioligands for diagnostic imaging and targeted PC therapy. However, these mAbs are successfully used in PC imaging and only a few have gone beyond phase-I for targeted therapy. The 5D3 mAb is a novel, high-affinity, and fast-internalizing anti-PSMA antibody. Importantly, 5D3 mAb demonstrates a unique pattern of cellular localization to the centrosome after internalization in PSMA(+) PC3-PIP cells. These characteristics make 5D3 mAb an ideal bioligand to deliver tubulin inhibitors, such as mertansine, to the cell centrosome, leading to mitotic arrest and elimination of dividing PC cells. We have successfully developed a 5D3 mAb- and mertansine (DM1)-based antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and evaluated it <i>in vitro</i> for binding affinity, internalization, and cytotoxicity. The <i>in vivo</i> therapeutic efficacy of 5D3-DM1 ADC was evaluated in PSMA(+) PC3-PIP and PSMA(-) PC3-Flu mouse models of human PC. This therapeutic study has revealed that this new anti-PSMA ADC can successfully control the growth of PSMA(+) tumors without inducing systemic toxicity.
Creep Damage Evaluation by Hardness in Advanced High Cr Ferritic Steels (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Polymer conjugates for drug targeting. From inspired to inspiration! (2006)

This special issue of the Journal of Drug Targeting is marking the past, and continuing contribution of Helmut Ringsdorf. Having witnessed for more than 30 years Helmut's never ending enthusiasm, p...
Residual Adapters for Parameter-Efficient ASR Adaptation to Atypical and Accented Speech (2021)

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are often optimized to work best for speakers with canonical speech patterns. Unfortunately, these systems perform poorly when tested on atypical speech and heavily accented speech. It has previously been shown that personalization through model fine-tuning substantially improves performance. However, maintaining such large models per speaker is costly and difficult to scale. We show that by adding a relatively small number of extra parameters to the encoder layers via socalled residual adapter, we can achieve similar adaptation gains compared to model finetuning, while only updating a tiny fraction (less than 0.5%) of the model parameters. We demonstrate this on two speech adaptation tasks (atypical and accented speech) and for two state-of-the-art ASR architectures.
THz energy confinement in finite-width parallel-plate waveguides (2009)

We investigate the TEM-mode energy confinement in finite-width parallel-plate waveguides using THz pulses, and observe a narrowing of the mode profile due to the finite width, although this does not result in better energy confinement.
Mixed Precision Iterative Refinement Techniques for the Solution of Dense Linear Systems (2007)

By using a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit floating point arithmetic, the performance of many dense and sparse linear algebra algorithms can be significantly enhanced while maintaining the 64-bit accuracy of the resulting solution. The approach presented here can apply not only to conventional processors but also to exotic technologies such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), Graphical Processing Units (GPU), and the Cell BE processor. Results on modern processor architectures and the Cell BE are presented.
Electrochemistry in Middle Phase Microemulsion Composed of Saline and Toluene with Sodium Dodecylsulfate and n-Butanol (2002)

Abstract A “middle phase” microemulsion, which bicontinuously composed of saline and toluene microphases, with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and n-butanol was electrochemically characterized. When electrochemistry was performed in the “middle phase” microemulsion, reversible redox peaks of the Fe(CN)6 ion in the micro water phase and the ferrocene in the micro toluene phase could be observed simultaneously, although the electrolyte was present only in the water phase.
Millimeter Wave Absorber for Secure Identification (2016)

We demonstrate thin, flexible, metamaterial films with a strong, narrowband, polarization- and angle-insensitive absorption designed for wavelengths near one millimeter. These structures, fabricated by photolithography on a commercially available, copper-backed polyimide substrate, are nearly indistinguishable to the unaided human eye but can be easily observed by imaging at the resonance frequency of the film. We demonstrate that these patterns can be used to mark or barcode objects for secure identification with a terahertz imaging system.
SYMMETRIC DESIGNS (1983)

An incidence structure consists simply of a set P of points and a set g of blocks, with a relation of incidence between points and blocks. Being of such a general nature, incidence structures arise naturally in all branches of mathematics. The particular sort which is the subject of this monograph– –symmetric designs– –arose first in the statistical theory of the design of experiments, but they rapidly have become objects of great combinatorial interest in their own right.
Non-random Wireless Network Coding (2009)

Network coding (NC) has been shown to improve throughput, minimize delay and economize the energy requirements in wireless networks. This paper develops a non-random approach to wireless linear NC problem. The proposed approach works by "time-unwrapping" a wireless node to develop a wired-equivalent model that helps solve for the wireless NC through purely algebraic arguments. It incorporate realistic constraints, including omni directionality of transmissions, half-duplex operation and interference effects. A faster branch and bound based algorithm is also developed that, within some constraints, efficiently finds the optimal wireless NC.
A multi-method, multi-center study of PET/MRI brain attenuation correction on a large cohort of [18F]- FDG patients: ready for clinical implementation (2016)

International audience
Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 Regulates the Self-Renewal and Pluripotency of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Via the Control of the G1/S Transition (2013)

Self-renewal and pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a complex biological process for maintaining hESC stemness. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these special properties of hESCs are not fully understood. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein whose expression is related to cell proliferation and carcinogenesis. In this study, we found that hnRNP A2/B1 expression was localized to undifferentiated hESCs and decreased upon differentiation of hESCs. hnRNP A2/B1 knockdown reduced the number of alkaline phosphatase-positive colonies in hESCs and led to a decrease in the expression of pluripotency-associated transcription factors OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2, indicating that hnRNP A2/B1 is essential for hESC self-renewal and pluripotency. hnRNP A2/B1 knockdown increased the expression of gene markers associated with the early development of three germ layers, and promoted the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, suggesting that hnRNP A2/B1 is required for maintaining the undifferentiated and epithelial phenotypes of hESCs. hnRNP A2/B1 knockdown inhibited hESC proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase before differentiation via degradation of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and Cdc25A. hnRNP A2/B1 knockdown increased p27 expression and induced phosphorylation of p53 and Chk1, suggesting that hnRNP A2/B1 also regulates the G1/S transition of hESC cell cycle through the control of p27 expression and p53 and Chk1 activity. Analysis of signaling molecules further revealed that hnRNP A2/B1 regulated hESC proliferation in a PI3K/Akt-dependent manner. These findings provide for the first time mechanistic insights into how hnRNP A2/B1 regulates hESC self-renewal and pluripotency.
Operation of induction machines with electromagnetic irregularities (2002)

The paper presents application data showing an induction motor developing torque at zero slip. This condition can prevent proper field commissioning of the motor drive system and contribute to inferior system performance. The paper examines rotor asymmetries, one cause for the nonzero torque condition. Voltage and current spectra, for current regulated and volts per hertz controllers, are presented. Another source for the nonzero torque at zero slip, machine space harmonics, is discussed and analyzed. The paper examines contributions to abnormal machine operation of each source by examining the signals present in the respective waveforms. Control strategies are developed where appropriate to mitigate the adverse effects of the motor irregularities.
Robust Narrow-Band Disturbance Rejection Using Overparameterized Pole-Assignment Control (1996)

In this work the problem of designing feedback controllers for the rejection of narrow-band disturbances is considered. The design technique proposed herein is based upon a well-suited overparameterization of a standard model-based minimum-variance controller; the extra-degrees-of-freedom so introduced are used to improve the performence of the basic controller. In particular, the problem of improving the robustness of the system, when the time delay of the system is subject to uncertainties, is considered, and an innovative solution proposed.
Toward Effective Needle Steering in Brain Tissue (2006)

Recent research has exploited the inherent bending of a bevel-tipped needle during insertion, accomplishing steering of the needle by rotating the needle shaft. Combining this technique with the observation that a straight trajectory can be accomplished by spinning the needle at a constant rate during insertion, this paper presents a novel technique for proportional control of the curvature of the trajectory via duty-cycled spinning of the needle. In order to accommodate this technique to very soft tissues such as the brain, several custom needle prototypes have also been designed in order to increase the steering versatility of the system by maximizing the attainable curvature. The paper describes the needle-steering system and the needle prototypes, and presents preliminary results from tests in an artificial brain tissue substitute.
Serum digoxin concentrations in dogs with atrial fibrillation under long term digoxin treatment (2022)

Digoxin in monotherapy remain a good option to treat AF in dogs, anyway digoxin toxicity could emerge during long-term therapy, similarly to what happen in human medicine. Life-threatening spikes of digoxinemia could occur, especially after 1-year treatment with digoxin. It is very important that practitioners be aware of this possibility and encourage the owners to monitor digoxinemia during long-term treatment to avoid dangerous and toxic effects.
DNA methylation: sequences flanking C-G pairs modulate the specificity of the human DNA methylase (1985)

Synthetic single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides of known sequence have been used as in vitro substrates for a partially purified HeLa cell DNA methylase. Although most oligonucleotides tested cannot be used by the HeLa DNA methylase in vitro, we have found a unique 27mer, containing 2 C-G pairs, that is an excellent substrate for the enzyme. Analysis of the methylation of the 27mer, its derivatives and other oligomer substrates reveal that the HeLa DNA methylase does not significantly methylate an oligomer which contains just one C-G pair. In addition, only one of the two C-G pairs in the 27mer is methylated and this methylation is abolished if the other C-G pair is converted to a C-A pair. Furthermore, the HeLa enzyme apparently cannot methylate C-G pairs located in compounds containing a high A + T content. The most efficient methylation occurs with multiple separated C-G pairs in a compound with a high G + C content (greater than 65%). The results suggest that clustering of C-G pairs in regions of the DNA high in G + C content may be the preferred site for DNA methylation in vivo.