gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amphiphile polydimethylsiloxane‐based networks reinforced with in situ generated silica (2010)

Abstract Polydimethylsiloxanes, side functionalized in different degrees with chloromethyl groups, were reacted with 4,4′‐bipyridyl and crosslinking occurred by the formation of ionic (bipyridinium) groups. The reactions were carried out in a silica sol–gel system, and thus, two networks were generated simultaneously: amphiphile siloxane‐organic and silica networks. The samples, processed as films, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to verify the occurrence of the crosslinking reactions. Different techniques were also used to evaluate the properties: differential scanning calorimetry for emphasizing the transitions, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy for the evaluation of the morphology and surface topography. The modification of the film surface topography, which depends on the solvent polarity, was also emphasized. The sorption capacities of the water vapors and of liquid solvents (water and chloroform) were investigated, and the obtained values proved to be a function of the polar group's content. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Convective Heat Transfer at Particle‐Liquid Interface in Continuous Tube Flow at Elevated Fluid Temperatures (1994)

ABSTRACT Liquid‐to‐particle convective heat transfer coefficients are useful in developing aseptic food processing systems. They were determined for continuous flow through a holding tube at 115.5°C using liquid crystal and relative velocity methods with sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution to simulate non‐Newtonian fluid characteristics. An on‐line tube viscometer was used for in situ estimation of rheological characteristics. Minimum and maximum values of h fp determined from the liquid crystal method ranged from 986 W/m 20 K to 2270 W/m 20 K, (Nusselt numbers from 26.4 to 54.6). Values from the relative velocity method ranged from 1143 to 2270 W/m 20 K (Nusselt numbers from 33.2 to 63.1) when using the Ranz and Marshall relation, and from 598 to 1456 W/m 20 C (Nusselt numbers from 13.6 to 24.1) with a flat‐plate correlation. Heat transfer coefficients increased significantly with decreasing carrier medium viscosity and decreasing particle‐to‐tube diameter ratio and increased with flow rate.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis, Revised Structure, and Biological Evaluation of Biyouyanagin A and Analogues Thereof. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Detection of a ryanodine receptor target‐site mutation in diamide insecticide resistant fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (2019)

Recently, the identified RyR mutation has been shown to confer field resistance in other lepidopteran pests such as diamondback moth, tomato leafminer and striped rice stem borer. The developed PCR-based allelic discrimination assay will help to monitor the frequency and future spread of diamide resistance allele in FAW field populations and help to implement appropriate resistance management measures. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Production of a human milk oligosaccharide 2′-fucosyllactose by metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2018)

This is the first report on 2-FL production by using yeast S. cerevisiae. These results suggest that S. cerevisiae can be considered as a host engineered for producing 2-FL via the salvage pathway.
SARN: Shifted Attention Regression Network for 3D Hand Pose Estimation (2023)

Hand pose estimation (HPE) plays an important role during the functional assessment of the hand and in potential rehabilitation. It is a challenge to predict the pose of the hand conveniently and accurately during functional tasks, and this limits the application of HPE. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture of a shifted attention regression network (SARN) to perform HPE. Given a depth image, SARN first predicts the spatial relationships between points in the depth image and a group of hand keypoints that determine the pose of the hand. Then, SARN uses these spatial relationships to infer the 3D position of each hand keypoint. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conducted experiments on three open-source datasets of 3D hand poses: NYU, ICVL, and MSRA. The proposed method achieved state-of-the-art performance with 7.32 mm, 5.91 mm, and 7.17 mm of mean error at the hand keypoints, i.e., mean Euclidean distance between the predicted and ground-truth hand keypoint positions. Additionally, to test the feasibility of SARN in hand movement recognition, a hand movement dataset of 26K depth images from 17 healthy subjects was constructed based on the finger tapping test, an important component of neurological exams administered to Parkinson's patients. Each image was annotated with the tips of the index finger and the thumb. For this dataset, the proposed method achieved a mean error of 2.99 mm at the hand keypoints and comparable performance on three task-specific metrics: the distance, velocity, and acceleration of the relative movement of the two fingertips. Results on the open-source datasets demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method, and results on our finger tapping dataset validated its potential for applications in functional task characterization.
Acute injury in the peripheral nervous system triggers an alternative macrophage response (2012)

We here demonstrate that acute peripheral nerve injury triggers an inherent protective environment by inducing the M2 phenotype of macrophages and the expression of arginase-1. We believe that the M2 phenotype, associated with a sterile inflammatory response and tissue repair, might explain their neuroprotective capacity. As such, shifting the neurodegeneration-induced immune responses towards an M2/Th2 response could be an important therapeutic strategy.
Core -stateless fair queueing (1998)

Router mechanisms designed to achieve fair bandwidth allocations, like Fair Queueing, have many desirable properties for congestion control in the Internet. However, such mechanisms usually need to maintain state, manage buffers, and/or perform packet scheduling on a per flow basis, and this complexity may prevent them from being cost-effectively implemented and widely deployed. In this paper, we propose an architecture that significantly reduces this implementation complexity yet still achieves approximately fair bandwidth allocations. We apply this approach to an island of routers --- that is, a contiguous region of the network --- and we distinguish between edge routers and core routers. Edge routers maintain per flow state; they estimate the incoming rate of each flow and insert a label into each packet header based on this estimate. Core routers maintain no per flow state; they use FIFO packet scheduling augmented by a probabilistic dropping algorithm that uses the packet labels and an estimate of the aggregate traffic at the router. We call the scheme Core-Stateless Fair Queueing. We present simulations and analysis on the performance of this approach, and discuss an alternate approach.
News package service based on TV-Anytime metadata gathered from RSS (2007)

Recently, the convergence of the broadcasting and telecommunication has been issued. As representative convergence models, the broadcasting with bi-directional return path and IPTV with TPS(triple player service) service have been already developed and penetrated into the consumers. In advance to the tendency, TV-anytime forum standardized the system and method for bi-directional return path service which allows a consumer to access to interactive content, such as the Internet and interactive television. For those interactive content and metadata service, the service providers need to collect a large number of contents, and author metadata for all the gathered contents. To reduce these service providers' loads, and allow them to be easily provided rapidly updated contents, we propose to make use of RSS(rich site summary) service. RSS is simple data format based on XML(extensible Markup Language) which is used to publish frequently updated digital content, such as blogs, news feeds or podcasts. Additionally, the member elements of RSS are very similar to those of TV-anytime metadata, so they can be easily transformed to the TV-anytime metadata. Therefore, in this paper, as an interactive content and metadata service taking advantage of RSS, we present news package service which is based on TV-anytime metadata transformed from RSS data and contents gathered from RSS service.
Amperometric Glucose Sensor Using Thermostable Co-Factor Binding Glucose Dehydrogenase (2003)

A thermostable mediator-type enzyme glucose sensor was constructed. The electrode was fabricated using chemically cross-linked thermostable co-factor binding glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) from thermophilic bacteria in carbon paste matrix. The electrode responded directly proportional to D-glucose concentration from 0.01 mM to 3 mM in stirred buffer containing 1 mM 1-methoxyphenazinemethosulfate as a mediator with the steady-state mode. The storage stability was examined by incubating the enzyme electrode at 50oC during the measurement. The cross-linked GDH immobilized electrode showed good storage stability. Ninety percent of its initial response was retained after incubation in buffer solution for 9 days at 50oC. The flow injection analysis (FIA) glucose sensing system was also constructed by immobilizing the cross-linked GDH and ferrocene as a mediator in the carbon paste matrix. The FIA system was able to measure 600 samples for 100 h.
Improved multi-channel ranging precision bound for narrowband LPWAN in multipath scenarios (2018)

Accurate range estimation with narrowband low power radio devices is challenging due to limited signal bandwidth and high frequency offsets of low-cost oscillators. The present paper provides new results concerning the Cramer Rao bounds of narrowband ranging systems applying a multi-channel coherent processing approach. Particularly, compared to existing literature, oscillator frequency offsets and multipath influence are taken into account. By numerical simulation it is shown, how the radio channel frequency selectivity degrades the ranging precision. Finally, a few guidelines for the design of new long range low-cost ranging systems are provided.
Toward Tunable Immobilized Molecular Catalysts: Functionalizing the Methylene Bridge of Bis(N‐heterocyclic carbene) Ligands (2014)

Abstract A new immobilization mode for methylene‐bridged bis(NHC) (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene) ligand systems is presented, allowing fine‐tuning of the steric and electronic properties of the bidentate ligand. For example, four hydroxymethyl‐functionalized imidazolium salts ( 1 a – c and 2 a ) and three bis(NHC) Pd complexes 3 a , 3 b , and 4 a are described. The chloro‐functionalized bis(NHC) Pd complex 4 a was obtained quantitatively by conversion of the hydroxyl substituent of complex 3 a into a chloro substituent by employing thionyl chloride. All three bis(NHC) complexes 3 a , 3 b , and 4 a were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Two different synthetic routes were applied to immobilize the bis(NHC) Pd complex 3 a on polystyrene. The obtained heterogeneous catalyst 5 b was utilized for Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions and could be recycled without significant activity loss in four runs. Furthermore, the water‐soluble homogeneous catalyst 3 a itself could be employed for Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of β‐Hydroxyselenides and Selenides from 1,2,3‐Selenadiazoles: Selenophilic Reaction of Phenylmagnesium Bromide on α‐Selenoketones. (1987)

Abstract The 1,2,3‐selenadiazoles (I) are converted to the acetylides (II) which are coupled with the haloketones (III) to produce the selenoketones(IV).
Influence of hypothalamically‐elicited emotional behaviours on the circulating plasma volume, plasma levels of catecholamines, ACTH and cortisol (2002)

Abstract Influence of hypothalamically‐induced emotional behaviours on the plasma volume, plasma levels of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), ACTH and cortisol were examined in cats. The emotional behaviours consisting of restlessness, threat and searching–biting (S‐B) were elicited intermittently for 6 h by electrical stimulation of the anterior, ventromedial, and lateral hypothalamus, respectively in awake and free‐moving conditions. The blood was sampled three times immediately before, 1 h after and 6 h after the start of stimulation. The E level increased in both restlessness and threat after 1 h, then the levels tended to decrease after 6 h, whereas the NE level increased in both restlessness and threat after 1 h and furthermore increased after 6 h. The plasma ACTH once increased after 1 h in all behaviours thereafter, the level tended to decrease after 6 h. The plasma cortisol level increased in both restlessness and threat behaviours both after 1 and 6 h. The plasma volume in S‐B behaviour increased after 6 h, while in restlessness and threat behaviours it decreased markedly and tended to decrease more in threat than in restlessness after 1 h. These results indicate that the hypothalamically‐induced threat and restlessness behaviours elicited marked activation of sympatho‐adrenomedullary and pituitary adrenocortical systems and hemoconcentration, whereas the S‐B behaviour hardly produced such stress responses. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Standardization of Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) Mass Assays: The Use of Recombinant CK-MB as a Reference Material (1999)

Lyophilized rCK-MB2 was determined suitable for use as a reference material for CK-MB mass assays.
Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Additions of Alkylzinc Reagents to Acyclic Aliphatic Enones (2002)

Cu-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate additions to acyclic aliphatic enones are reported. The resulting enolates may be functionalized intra- and intermolecularly, leading to the formation of an additional C-C bond. The utility of the present method is not limited to reactions involving Et2Zn; a variety of alkylzincs may be used. Moreover, many of the requisite substrates can be easily accessed through catalytic olefin cross metathesis.
BlueEye (2013)

Interesting applications of crowdsensing include measurement of crowdedness at public places and evaluating the extent of social interactions between people, at large gatherings. These require enabling the accurate estimation of proximity between two or more people. Since mobile phones have emerged as the most ubiquitous sensing and computing platform, carried by almost all people close to their body, it is logical to use the same for proximity detection. Further, in order to motivate people to use such application, it is necessary to estimate distances accurately, using only short blocks of sampled signal strengths. In this paper the authors present a mobile based proximity detection system, codenamed BlueEye which is based on Bluetooth. To achieve better distance estimates, BlueEye proposes a new form of path loss model which takes into account the relative orientation of mobile phones. The results show enhanced distance estimates when the separation between devices is less than 8 feet.
New Routes to Alkylidyne‐Bridged Ditungsten Compounds Supported by Alkoxide or Siloxide Ligands by the Activation of Ethylene (1992)

The signals of six nonequivalent siloxy ligands in the NMR spectrum confirm among other things the existence of one hydrido and one bridging 2-butenylidene ligand in complex 1. It is very likely that the hydrido ligand is terminally bonded to W2, even though there is also evidence of an exchange process between the siloxy and hydrido ligands. Complex 1, whose central framework is shown here, was also characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging accurately measures the antifibrotic effect of EDP‐305, a novel farnesoid X receptor agonist (2018)

We examined a novel farnesoid X receptor agonist, EDP-305, for its antifibrotic effect in bile duct ligation (BDL) and choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) models of hepatic injury. We used molecular magnetic resonance imaging with the type 1 collagen-binding probe EP-3533 and the oxidized collagen-specific probe gadolinium hydrazide to noninvasively measure treatment response. BDL rats (n = 8 for each group) were treated with either low or high doses of EDP-305 starting on day 4 after BDL and were imaged on day 18. CDAHFD mice (n = 8 for each group) were treated starting at 6 weeks after the diet and were imaged at 12 weeks. Liver tissue was subjected to pathologic and morphometric scoring of fibrosis, hydroxyproline quantitation, and determination of fibrogenic messenger RNA expression. High-dose EDP-305 (30 mg/kg) reduced liver fibrosis in both the BDL and CDAHFD models as measured by collagen proportional area, hydroxyproline analysis, and fibrogenic gene expression (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Magnetic resonance signal intensity with both EP-3533 in the BDL model and gadolinium hydrazide in the CDAHFD model was reduced with EDP-305 30 mg/kg treatment (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Histologically, EDP-305 30 mg/kg halted fibrosis progression in the CDAHFD model. <i>Conclusion</i>: EDP-305 reduced fibrosis progression in rat BDL and mouse CDAHFD models. Molecular imaging of collagen and oxidized collagen is sensitive to changes in fibrosis and could be used to noninvasively measure treatment response in clinical trials. (<i>Hepatology Communications</i> 2018;2:821-835).
Data from Mechanism by Which Mcl-1 Regulates Cancer-Specific Apoptosis Triggered by mda-7/IL-24, an IL-10–Related Cytokine (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (&lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24), a cytokine belonging to the IL-10 family, selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells without harming normal cells by promoting an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. The precise molecular mechanism by which the ER stress response culminates in cell death requires further clarification. The present study shows that in prostate carcinoma cells, the &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24–induced ER stress response causes apoptosis by translational inhibition of the antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1). Forced expression of Mcl-1 blocked &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24 lethality, whereas RNA interference or gene knockout of Mcl-1 markedly sensitized transformed cells to &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24. Mcl-1 downregulation by &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24 relieved its association with the proapoptotic protein Bak, causing oligomerization of Bak and leading to cell death. These observations show the profound role of the Bcl-2 protein family member Mcl-1 in regulating cancer-specific apoptosis induced by this cytokine. Thus, our studies provide further insights into the molecular mechanism of ER stress–induced cancer-selective apoptosis by &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24. As Mcl-1 is overexpressed in the majority of prostate cancers, &lt;i&gt;mda&lt;/i&gt;-7/IL-24 might provide an effective therapeutic for this disease. Cancer Res; 70(12); 5034–45. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Infiltration of nickel and copper catalysts into a GDC backbone assisted by supercritical CO2 for efficient SOFC anodes (2022)

This study describes an original method developed for the shaping of composite solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes including either nickel or copper as metal.
ChemInform Abstract: A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOPYRANS (1975)

Abstract 2‐(3‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐cyclohexanon (I) wird nach Ladenburg zu den beiden isomeren Carbinolen (IIa) und (IIIa) reduziert.
Radical Mediated Diastereoselective Synthesis of Benzothiazole Sulfonyl Ethyl C‐Glycosides. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Compensation of non-reciprocal interference in adaptive MIMO-OFDM cellular systems (2007)

In a time-division-duplex communication system, the channel knowledge can be obtained at the transmitter side due to channel reciprocity and it can be used to increase the spectral efficiency of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications. However, the interference structure between transmission directions does not necessarily correlate. The obtained quality of service at the receiver may differ significantly from the desired one if the transmission parameters are assigned based on the reverse link measurements only. In this paper, the performance of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) cellular system with adaptive MIMO transmission is studied in the presence of non-reciprocal inter-cell interference when the downlink interference structure is known at the receiver and only limited feedback information about the interference is available at the transmitter. The results are compared to those with perfectly known interference structure per each sub-carrier. The system level impact of realistic interference non-reciprocity scenarios is studied via network simulations. Linear minimum mean squared error (MMSE) filter is applied at the receiver to suppress the impact of structured inter-cell interference together with a simple and bandwidth efficient closed-loop compensation algorithm. Both link and system level simulation results show that the proposed compensation algorithm with a simple scalar power offset feedback combined with interference suppression at the receiver results in nearly the same performance as the ideal case
Device-Based Treatment in Hypertension: At the Forefront of Renal Denervation (2021)

Abstract Percutaneous renal denervation is a novel device therapy that modifies the circulatory regulatory system and has received considerable attention recently. This treatment partially blocks the renal sympathetic nervous system, which is an organ-connecting pathway between the brain and the kidney. Denervation techniques currently under clinical investigation include radiofrequency, ultrasonic, and chemical ablation with alcohol, all of which are executed through transcatheter access to the renal artery. All recently published randomized sham-controlled trials have shown a clear antihypertensive effect of renal denervation over 24 hours, including during the nighttime and early morning. This treatment has promise in the management of poorly controlled hypertension as well as in the prevention of the development or aggravation of arrhythmias and heart failure.