gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phorbol ester inhibition of ovarian and testicular steroidogenesis in vitro. (1984)

Possible influences of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) upon gonadal steroidogenesis were investigated in vitro. Granulosa cells from hypophysectomized, estrogen-treated rats were cultured for 2 days in medium containing 0.1 microM androstenedione. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment increased estrogen, progesterone, and 20 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one production. Concomitant TPA treatment inhibited FSH-stimulated estrogen production by up to 95% [concentration that induced 50% inhibition of steroid production (ED50), 1.1 ng/ml]. TPA also inhibited FSH-stimulated progesterone (ED50, approximately 0.6 ng/ml) and 20 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (ED50, approximately 1.1 ng/ml) production. N6O2'-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate increased steroidogenesis; however, cotreatment with TPA blocked progestin but not estrogen production. The TPA inhibition of progestin biosynthesis was accompanied by decreases in FSH-stimulated pregnenolone biosynthesis and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity without decreasing the activity of 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. In primary cultures of rat testicular cells, human chorionic gonadotropin treatment increased testosterone production 44-fold, whereas concomitant treatment with TPA inhibited testosterone production by up to 86% (ED50, 10 ng/ml). Cholera toxin and N6O2'-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate also increased testosterone production, while the actions of these agents were decreased by TPA. The TPA suppression of testosterone production was associated with a decrease in accumulation of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione and an increase in progesterone production, suggesting a specific inhibition of 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities. These results demonstrate the inhibitory effects of a tumor promoter upon gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis by cultured rat granulosa and Leydig cells through specific regulation of steroidogenic enzymes. Additional studies may assist in further elucidation of cellular mechanisms associated with carcinogenesis and steroidogenesis.
Which Semi-Local Visual Masking Model For Wavelet Based Image Quality Metric? (2008)

International audience
Buoyancy-Driven Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Devices (2004)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) facilitates DNA detection by significantly increasing the concentration of specific DNA segments. A new class of PCR instruments uses a buoyancy-driven re-circulating flow to thermally cycle the DNA sample and benefits from reduced cycle times, low sample volumes, a miniaturized format, and low power consumption. This paper analyzes a specific buoyancy PCR device in a micro-channel ''race-track'' geometry to determine key parameters about PCR cycle times and other figures of merit as functions of device dimensions. The 1-D model balances the buoyancy driving force with frictional losses. A hydrostatic pressure imbalance concept is used between the left and right sides of the fluid loop to calculate the buoyancy driving force. Velocity and temperature distributions within the channels are determined from two-dimensional analysis of the channel section, with developing region effects included empirically through scaled values of the local Nusselt number. Good agreement between four independent verification steps validate the 1-D simulation approach: (1) analytical expressions for the thermal entrance length are compared against, (2) comparison with a full 3-D finite element simulation, (3) comparison with an experimental flow field characterization, and (4) calculation of the minimum PCR runtime required to get a positive PCR signal from the buoyancy-driven PCR device. The 1-D approach closely models an actual buoyancy-driven PCR device and can further be used as a rapid design tool to simulate buoyancy PCR flows and perform detailed design optimizations studies.
Magnetoresistive Point Field Detector-based Current Sensing for Power Electronics with Bandwidth Extension (2019)

Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) point field detectors (PFDs) have been integrated into power electronic converters for high-bandwidth galvanically-isolated current sensing in conductors that are especially designed for magnetic field shaping. In this work, a methodology is introduced to sense currents in standard conductors with very high bandwidth by detecting the magnetic field as a vector in multi-dimensional space. Tools are developed to identify the field components in directions that do not have frequency-dependent changes arising from skin effect in the conductors. The importance of orienting the PFD in a particular point is identified as critical to the flat frequency response of current sensing. In this paper, bandwidth extension for busbar current sensing is experimentally verified by sensing the magnetic field using a rotated 1-D GMR as well as by computing the same magnetic field vector from orthogonal X and Y outputs of a 2-D GMR PFD. Current sensing bandwidth extension using the multi-dimensionality of the magnetic field leads to compact, low-cost current sensing without complicated conductor designs.
Survivorship of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty According to Indication, Age and Gender (2022)

Background. The indications for reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) have been widely expanded, but only a few studies report the long-term survival of these implants. Our objective was to report the long-term survivorship of a large series of RSAs implanted for different etiologies. Methods. A retrospective multicenter study including all the RSAs was performed in six shoulder-specialized centers with at least 2 years of follow up. We reviewed 1611 RSAs, operated between 1993 and 2010, including 497 cuff-tear arthropathies (CTA), 239 revision RSAs, 188 massive cuff tears (MCT), 185 fracture sequelae (FS), 183 failed previous cuff repairs (FCR), and 142 primary osteoarthritis (POA). The mean follow-up was 5.6 ± 3.9 years (range 2−20). Results. Overall, 266 RSAs (16.5%) had at least one complication leading to 64 reoperations (4.0%) and 110 revision surgeries (6.8%). The most frequent complications were infection (3.8%), instability (2.8%), and humerus-related complications (2.8%). At 10 years, the survival without revision surgery was 91.0% in primary RSAs and 80.9% in revision RSAs for failed arthroplasty (p < 0.001). In the primary RSA group, MCT and FCR led to 10-year survivals for over 95% but fracture sequelae and tumors had the lowest 10-year survivals (83.9% and 53.1%). Younger patients had a lower 10-year survival. In revision RSAs, male patients had a significantly lower survival than females (72.3% vs. 84.5% at 10 years, p = 0.020). Discussion. Primary RSA for cuff-deficient shoulders or POA leads to a high 10-year survival, but revision RSA or primary RSA for FS and tumors are at high-risk for revision. Surgeons should be aware of high rates of complications and lower survival rates of RSA in younger patients, in males, and in RSAs for revision surgery.
Loss o f B eta-Catenin E xpression i n M etastatic G astric C ancer (2003)

Purpose: Beta-catenin (-catenin) participates in intercellular adhesion and is an integral part of the Wnt signaling pathway. The role of -catenin in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and its metastasis is largely unknown. Patients and Methods: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis were used to analyze the expression of -catenin in 87 human gastric cancers, in metastasis and cancer cell lines. The -catenin and the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) genes were analyzed for gene mutations. Furthermore, methylation of the -catenin promoter in cell lines was assessed by treatment with 5-azadeoxycytidine and sodium bisulfite genomic sequencing. Results: -Catenin expression was present at either the cell membrane or the cytoplasm in 34 of 75 primary gastric cancers. Expression of -catenin was significantly more frequent in intestinal-type (P .0049) and well-differentiated gastric cancers (P < .001). There were no quantitative differences between gastric cancers and the nonmalignant gastric tissues, as determined by Western blot analysis. One of 18 metastatic cancer lesions and four of five gastric cancer cell lines expressed -catenin protein. N87 cells, derived from the liver metastasis of a gastric cancer, did not express -catenin. Treatment with 5-azadeoxycytidine restored -catenin protein levels in this cell line, which exhibited significantly more 5-methylcytosines in the -catenin promoter compared with the other cell lines. Conclusion: -Catenin expression is lost in a subgroup of primary gastric cancers, is frequently absent in metastases, and exhibits nuclear localization in cancers with either -catenin or APC gene mutations. Interestingly, the loss of -catenin expression in metastatic gastric cancers may result from hypermethylation of the -catenin promoter. J Clin Oncol 21:1708-1714. © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Influence of the measurement parameters on the reliability of ferroelectric thin films (2001)

Abstract The fatigue behavior of PZT thin films was investigated. The fatigue excitation signal was changed with respect to the shape, the amplitude, and the frequency of the signal. It is shown that the fatigue excitation signal has a strong influence on the fatigue behavior of the films. Additionally, electrical characterization of a single 1 μm2 SBT capacitor is reported.
Reverse Turn Induced π-Facial Selectivity during Polyaniline-Supported Cobalt(II) Salen Catalyzed Aerobic Epoxidation ofN-Cinnamoyll-Proline Derived Peptides (2003)

A novel chemo- and diastereoselective aerobic epoxidation of the N-cinnamoyl peptides catalyzed by polyaniline-supported cobalt(II) salen (PASCOS) is described. The N-cinnamoyl proline derived peptides 1 show a high pi-facial selectivity during these epoxidations. The origin of this diastereoselectivity in 1 has been attributed to (i) the propensity of the N-cinnamoyl proline amide to exist predominantly as trans rotamer in CDCl3, DMSO-d6, and CH3CN medium and (ii) existence of these peptides as organized structures (gamma- and beta-turns) due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. An extensive solution NMR and MD simulation study on 1d and 1f indicates that the origin of the high pi-facial selectivity is due to the well-defined gamma- and beta-turns which result in the hindrance of one face of the cinnamoyl double bond in the transition state of the epoxidation reaction.
A Dosage form for Procyanidins Gels Based on Cellulose Derivatives (1991)

The formulation of procyanidin gels based on cellulose derivatives is described. Type and optimal concentration of gelling agents were determined to obtain stable, limpid gels of satisfactory viscosity and pH compatible with anti-ulcer therapy.
Reasonableness of the Use of the Serum Isoenzymes . . . for the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (1981)

Reasonableness of the Use of the Serum Isoenzymes . . . for the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction. Get access George S. Cembrowski, M.D., PH.D. George S. Cembrowski, M.D., PH.D. Clinical Laboratories University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics Madison, Wisconsin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 75, Issue 2, 1 February 1981, Page 263, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/75.2.263 Published: 01 February 1981 Article history Received: 08 September 1980 Accepted: 11 September 1980 Published: 01 February 1981
Performance and Preferences: Interactive Refinement of Machine Learning Procedures (2021)

Problem-solving procedures have been typically aimed at achieving well-defined goals or satisfying straightforward preferences. However, learners and solvers may often generate rich multiattribute results with procedures guided by sets of controls that define different dimensions of quality. We explore methods that enable people to explore and express preferences about the operation of classification models in supervised multiclass learning. We leverage a leave-one-out confusion matrix that provides users with views and real-time controls of a model space. The approach allows people to consider in an interactive manner the global implications of local changes in decision boundaries. We focus on kernel classifiers and show the effectiveness of the methodology on a variety of tasks.
Short develop time process: effect of develop method and application of novel develop system (2004)

For shrinking CD, activities of increasing NA and shortening exposure wavelength have been promoted more and more in recent years, while it is mandatory to secure acceptable resist process latitude such as DOF. We previously reported that short develop time expanded the resist process latitude. It was strongly correlated to the resist develop rate and terminating the develop reaction at the moment the resist develop rate remained large was the key to improve resist process performances such as pattern collapse and defectivity as well as DOF and EL. The authors expect that behavior of developer solution discharged on the resist film has a large impact on the resist develop rate. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to clarify the effect of the develop method (a static method and a dynamic method) which might affect the develop rate. Furthermore, in order to secure acceptable CD controllability we applied a novel develop application system to the short develop time process.
Combined semantic and similarity search in medical image databases (2011)

The current diagnostic process at hospitals is mainly based on reviewing and comparing images coming from multiple time points and modalities in order to monitor disease progression over a period of time. However, for ambiguous cases the radiologist deeply relies on reference literature or second opinion. Although there is a vast amount of acquired images stored in PACS systems which could be reused for decision support, these data sets suffer from weak search capabilities. Thus, we present a search methodology which enables the physician to fulfill intelligent search scenarios on medical image databases combining ontology-based semantic and appearance-based similarity search. It enabled the elimination of 12% of the top ten hits which would arise without taking the semantic context into account.
Bridging gaps between developers and testers in globally-distributed software development (2010)

One of the main challenges in distributed development is ensuring effective communication and coordination among the distributed teams. In this context, little attention has been paid so far to coordination in software testing. In distributed development environments, testing is often performed by specialized teams that operate as independent quality assurance centers. The use of these centers can be advantageous from both an economic and a software quality perspective. These benefits, however, are offset by severe difficulties in coordination between testing and software development centers. Test centers operate as isolated silos and have little to no interactions with developers, which can result in multiple problems that lead to poor quality of software. Based on our preliminary investigation, we claim that we need to rethink the way testing is performed in distributed development environments. We then present a possible research agenda that would help address the identified issues and discuss the main challenges involved.
Low-threshold blue lasing from fully-transparent porous silicon monolithic microcavities infiltrated with a polyfluorene derivative (2019)

Here we report on low-threshold blue lasing from fully-transparent nanostructured porous silicon (PSi) monolithic microcavities (MCs) infiltrated with a polyfluorene derivative, namely poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO). Single-mode blue lasing is achieved at the resonance wavelength of 466 nm, with line width of ~1.3 nm, lasing threshold as low as 5 nJ (i.e. fluence of 15 &mu;J/cm<sup>2</sup>), and good stability under operation (i.e. 40% decay in intensity after about 7 &times;10<sup>5</sup> pulses at 50 nJ).
Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Analysis: Screening for Inborn Errors in Metabolism (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Further Preparation for Analysis Data Processing Summary References
miR-129 regulates cell proliferation by downregulating Cdk6 expression (2010)

Reduced expression of miR-129 has been reported in multiple tumor cell lines and in primary tumors including medulloblastoma, undifferentiated gastric cancers, lung adenocarcinoma, endometrial cancer and colorectal carcinoma. There is also recent evidence of an anti-proliferative activity of miR-129 in tumor cell lines. Still, little is known about how miR-129 regulates cell proliferation. Here we found that lentiviral-mediated overexpression of miR-129 in mouse lung epithelial cells (E10 cells) results in significant G(1) phase arrest that eventually leads to cell death. miR-129 induce G(1) phase arrest in multiple human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, suggesting miR-129 targeting of G(1)/S phase-specific regulators. Interestingly, we show that Cdk6, a kinase involved in G(1)-S transition, is a direct target of miR-129. We also found the downregulation of three other cell cycle-related novel targets of miR-129, including Erk1, Erk2 and protein kinase C epsilon (Prkce). We further show that among these targets, only Cdk6 is functionally relevant. Restoring expression of Cdk6, but not Prkce partially rescues the cell growth arrest and cell death phenotype that results from miR-129 overexpression. Together, our data indicate that miR-129 plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation by downregulation of Cdk6.
Synthesis and Anti-HIV Activity of a Novel Series of Isoquinoline-Based CXCR4 Antagonists (2021)

An expansion of the structure-activity relationship study of CXCR4 antagonists led to the synthesis of a series of isoquinolines, bearing a tetrahydroquinoline or a 3-methylpyridinyl moiety as head group. All compounds were investigated for CXCR4 affinity and antagonism in competition binding and calcium mobilization assays, respectively. In addition, the anti-HIV activity of all analogues was determined. All compounds showed excellent activity, with compound <b>24c</b> being the most promising one, since it displayed consistently low nanomolar activity in the various assays.
Query fresh (2017)

Hot standby systems often have to trade safety (i.e., not losing committed work) and freshness (i.e., having access to recent updates) for performance. Guaranteeing safety requires synchronous log shipping that blocks the primary until the log records are durably replicated in one or multiple backups; maintaining freshness necessitates fast log replay on backups, but is often defeated by the dual-copy architecture and serial replay: a backup must generate the "real" data from the log to make recent updates accessible to read-only queries. This paper proposes Query Fresh , a hot standby system that provides both safety and freshness while maintaining high performance on the primary. The crux is an append-only storage architecture used in conjunction with fast networks (e.g., InfiniBand) and byte-addressable, non-volatile memory (NVRAM). Query Fresh avoids the dual-copy design and treats the log as the database, enabling lightweight, parallel log replay that does not block the primary. Experimental results using the TPC-C benchmark show that under Query Fresh, backup servers can replay log records faster than they are generated by the primary server, using one quarter of the available compute resources. With a 56Gbps network, Query Fresh can support up to 4--5 synchronous replicas, each of which receives and replays ∼1.4GB of log records per second, with up to 4--6% overhead on the primary compared to a standalone server that achieves 620kTPS without replication.
On Combustion Invariants for MBT Timing Estimation and Control (2004)

An MBT timing control criterion has been studied through burn rate analysis using pressure measurements. The optimal spark timing which maximizes the power output mainly depends on engine speed, load and mixture composition among others. A combustion invariant at MBT timing is sought to characterize the MBT combustion. Specifically, it has been shown that the maximum mass fraction acceleration point occurs around TDC at MBT timing by analytically processing the wide range spark sweep data.
Improvement of Performance and Data Retention Characteristics of Sub-50nm DRAM by HfSiON Gate Dielectric (2007)

For the first time, we have successfully integrated HfSiON gate dielectric to DRAM and obtained excellent data retention time. Lower gate leakage current and better mobility of HfSiON than plasma nitrided oxide resulted in a 22% smaller propagation delay measured at CMOS inverter as well as one order of magnitude lower stand-by current for DRAM. Optimized gate poly-Si reoxidation and high Vt of HfSiON cell Tr increased DRAM data retention time as much as 2 times longer than plasma nitrided oxide. We demonstrated that HfSiON could enhance performance and be beneficial to date retention time of high thermal budget DRAM at the same time.
Recombination lifetime of carriers in GaAs-GaAlAs quantum wells near room temperature (1985)

The lifetime τ of carriers in undoped GaAs-GaAlAs quantum well structures was studied at room temperature by using the photoluminescence phase shift method. We have found that τ is inversely proportional to the carrier concentration under the excitation levels of 1016–1018 cm−3. The comparison of these results with both the theory of band-to-band recombination and the measured dependence of τ on the carrier concentration at 77 K suggests that the carrier recombination near room temperature is dominated by this band-to-band recombination process. We also discussed the dependence of τ on the quantum well thickness.
Space division multiplexing in a basis of vector modes (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate space division multiplexing in a basis of vector modes. Vector modes are a modal bases set, which have spatially varying polarization. Our experimental realization operates with link capacity of 160 G-bit/s, modal crosstalk and BER results are presented.
Differential repair of excision gaps generated by transposable elements of the ‘Ac family’ (1993)

Studies on transposable elements of the Ac family have led to different models for excision gap repair in either plants or Drosophila. Excision products generated by the plant transposable elements Ac and Tam3 imply a more or less straightforward ligation of broken ends; excision products of the Drosophila P element indicate the involvement of 'double-strand break' (DSB) repair. Recent findings that excision products of Ac and Tam3 can also contain traces of the element ends indicate, however, that DSB repair might be an alternative repair mechanism in plants. A functional DSB repair mechanism in plants can also be deduced from the observed rapid increases of Ac copy number during plant development and from the involvement of Ac in the generation of internal Ac deletions. On the other hand, alternative repair mechanisms may also be functional in Drosophila, because some of the 'footprints' generated upon P excision can be explained by a mechanism that has been postulated for excision gap repair in plants. It is concluded that plants and Drosophila can use similar repair mechanisms, but that the predominance of a certain repair mechanism is determined by the host.