gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from NK-Cell Recruitment Is Necessary for Eradication of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis with an IL12-Expressing Maraba Virus Cellular Vaccine (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Despite improvements in chemotherapy and radical surgical debulking, peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) remains among the most common causes of death from abdominal cancers. Immunotherapies have been effective for selected solid malignancies, but their potential in PC has been little explored. Here, we report that intraperitoneal injection of an infected cell vaccine (ICV), consisting of autologous tumor cells infected &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; with an oncolytic Maraba MG1 virus expressing IL12, promotes the migration of activated natural killer (NK) cells to the peritoneal cavity in response to the secretion of IFNγ-induced protein-10 (IP-10) from dendritic cells. The recruitment of cytotoxic, IFNγ-secreting NK cells was associated with reduced tumor burden and improved survival in a colon cancer model of PC. Even in mice with bulky PC (tumors &gt; 8 mm), a complete radiologic response was demonstrated within 8 to14 weeks, associated with 100% long-term survival. The impact of MG1-IL12-ICV upon NK-cell recruitment and function observed in the murine system was recapitulated in human lymphocytes exposed to human tumor cell lines infected with MG1-IL12. These findings suggest that an MG1-IL12-ICV is a promising therapy that could provide benefit to the thousands of patients diagnosed with PC each year. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 5(3); 211–21. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Modes of response in horizontally vibrated granular matter (2000)

When forced by horizontal vibrations, granular material responds over a wide range of time scales. These include rapid shearing, harmonic response, period-doubling and long-time convection. Using high-speed video imaging and analysis, we map out the corresponding two-dimensional velocity fields. The presence of a free surface parallel to the shear direction and the fact that gravity acts perpendicularly to that direction lead to a decoupling of the system into two horizontal layers of different character. We observe this decoupling on all time scales, implying that, in contrast to vertically excited systems, models without internal degrees of freedom are unable to describe the observed response modes.
An Abstract Fault Model for NAND Flash Memory (2012)

We present an abstract fault model for NAND flash memory that describes precisely the effects of various faults during a flash operation. The abstract model is intended to be used to reason about fault-related correctness of key modules of flash memory management software such as a flash translation layer (FTL). We also introduce the concept of “SAO-compliance” to raise awareness about fault-related vulnerabilities of current flash memory management software and to promote much needed research to fix them.
Multiple arbitrary shape via-hole and air-bridge transitions in multilayered structures (1996)

A methodology for the design of multiple via-hole and air-bridge transitions of arbitrary shape in multilayered multiport microstrip circuits is presented in this paper. Application of multiple via holes to the design of microstrip filters and other devices is discussed. To properly describe the current along the vertical past, the simple pulse function with a triangular cross section is used in the moment method analysis. Circularly and rectangularly shaped vertical transitions are analyzed for several practical applications. Comparisons of numerical results with experimental and available analytical data show good agreement.
Extracorporeal methods of vascular control for difficult IVC procedures. (1996)

Surgical procedures in the juxtaheptic and intrapericardial inferior vena cava (IVC) are difficult because of the complexity of achieving vascular control in the area. We describe 10 patients with a variety of pathologies in this region who underwent venovenous bypass (VVB) or cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic circulatory arrest (CBCA). Renal cell carcinoma with IVC extension was present in three patients (with tumor extension into the right atrium in two), adrenal adenocarcinoma in one, septic IVC thrombus in one, and blunt IVC/hepatic trauma in five. Those patients without atrial involvement underwent VVB with a mean bypass time of 40 minutes (range 12-144). Those patients with tumor extension into the right atrium underwent CBCA with systemic hypothermia to 18(0)C, total body exsanguination for a bloodless field, and removal of the tumor by cavotomy and right atriotomy. The mean bypass, aortic cross-clamp, and circulatory arrest times were 152, 92, and 36 minutes, respectively. Eight of the 10 patients did well and went home within 4 weeks of surgery. Two patients died, one from metabolic sequelae of exsanguinating IVC injury (VVB) and one from sepsis 2 weeks postoperatively (CBCA).
Mining compressing sequential problems (2012)

Compression based pattern mining has been successfully applied to many data mining tasks. We propose an approach based on the minimum description length principle to extract sequential patterns that compress a database of sequences well. We show that mining compressing patterns is NP-Hard and belongs to the class of inapproximable problems. We propose two heuristic algorithms to mining compressing patterns. The ¿rst uses a two-phase approach similar to Krimp for itemset data. To overcome performance with the required candidate generation we propose GoKrimp, an e¿ective greedy algorithm that directly mines compressing patterns. We conduct an empirical study on six real-life datasets to compare the proposed algorithms by run time, compressibility, and classi¿cation accuracy using the patterns found as features for SVM classi¿ers.
Discovery of N‐(2‐Aryl‐cyclohexyl) Substituted Spiropiperidines as a Novel Class of GlyT1 Inhibitors. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Liquid Crystal Nonlinear Optical Meta-Materials (2009)

We present an overview of metamaterials comprising nematic liquid crystals and nano-particulates or nano-structures. These metamaterials possess emergent properties such as electro-optically and all-optically tunable sub-unity, zero and negative refractive indices, and other properties not possible with conventional chemical synthesis methods. Optical wave mixing and self-action effects conducted with nano-particulate doped nematic liquid crystals have demonstrated fast optical field induced index modulation in micron- and sub-micron thin nematic films.
Matching 3-D anatomical surfaces with non-rigid deformations using octree-splines (2002)

Presents a new method for determining the minimal nonrigid deformation between two 3D surfaces, such as those which describe anatomical structures in 3D medical images. Although the authors match surfaces, they represent the deformation as a volumetric transformation. Their method performs a least squares minimization of the distance between the two surfaces of interest. To quickly and accurately compute distances between points on the two surfaces, the authors use a precomputed distance map represented using an octree spline whose resolution increases near the surface. To quickly and robustly compute the deformation, the authors use a second octree-spline to model the deformation function. The coarsest level of the deformation encodes the global (e.g., affine) transformation between the two surfaces, while finer levels encode smooth local displacements which bring the two surfaces into closer registration. The authors present experimental results on both synthetic and real 3D surfaces.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Multiple neuB genes in Campylobacter jejuni (1999)

N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA) is a common constituent of C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide (LOS). Such structures often mimic gangliosides and are thought to be involved in the Guillain-Barre and Miller-Fisher syndromes following C. jejuni infection. Our analysis of the recently completed genome sequence of C. jejuni NCTC 11168 identified three putative N-acetyl neuraminic acid synthetase genes termed neuB1, neuB2 and neuB3. LOS from C. jejuni NCTC 11168 binds cholera toxin (CT) indicating the presence of NANA in a LOS structure mimicing the oligosaccharide portion of ganglioside GM1. Isogenic mutants were created in all three neuB genes and for one such mutant (neuB3) LOS was shown to have an increased mobility in SDS -PAGE gels and also failed to bind CT consistent with loss of a sialic acid residue from the structure. Heterologous expression of the neuB3 gene in E. coli demonstrated that NeuB3 was capable of in vitro NANA biosynthesis. The distribution of the neuB3 gene in C. jejuni strains with well characterised LOS was examined. Mutagenesis of neuB1 and neuB2 did not affect LOS, but neuB1 mutants were aflagellate and non-motile whereas no phenotype was evident for neuB2 mutants.
Detection of Pulmonary Embolism (1995)

We compared the conspicuity of acute pulmonary emboli with contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) and two- and three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. Seven dogs who received experimental pulmonary emboli and one control were imaged with spiral CT and with 2-D (FMPVAS and FASTCARD) and 3-D time-of-flight MR. Blinded, independent, prospective evaluations of the CT and MR images by two MR radiologists and two chest radiologists were then compared to the location of the emboli as determined by subsequent pathologic evaluation of the excised lungs. Embolus/blood contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were calculated on both MR and CT images for pulmonary emboli that could be identified. Fifty emboli ranging from 1.0 to 5.5 mm (mean, 2.7, +/- 0.14 SEM) in diameter and from 3.0 to 60 mm (mean, 28.1 +/- 1.9 SEM) in length were found in the seven embolized dogs on pathologic examination. Three of the four radiologists identified more thrombi on CT images than they did on their best MR pulse sequence (FASTCARD) and with greater confidence. The fourth radiologist identified an equal percentage of clot on CT and FASTCARD images with confidence slightly greater on FASTCARD MR than on spiral CT. Mean CNR for the best MR technique was 43.4 (+/- 3.9 SEM) and for CT was 20.7 (+/- 1.3 SEM). In general, pulmonary emboli were detected more accurately on contrast-enhanced spiral CT than on MR. This occurred although the embolus/blood CNR was higher on MR than on CT. Better pulmonary embolus conspicuity on CT images was attributed to better spatial resolution and fewer artifacts on CT than on MR. One MR radiologist performed equally well with both spiral CT and FASTCARD techniques, suggesting that experience may be a factor in performance.
Porous silicon lights up micro-optics (1997)

Silicon is not usually considered to be an optical material. Bulk crystalline silicon does not transmit or reflect visible light well and, unlike other semiconductors, it cannot act as an efficient light source for optical systems. However, silicon is almost transparent in the near infrared, particularly at the fibre-optic wavelengths of 1.3 and 1.55 μm, and recent developments have made silicon more appealing as an optical material. For a start, silicon can be micromachined into complex shapes at low cost and with exquisite precision. Moreover, it can be made to emit light efficiently by introducing porosity into the crystalline structure. Porous silicon is also virtually transparent at the red end of the visible spectrum, and its refractive index can tuned over a wide range of values.
Granulation (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Role of Lecithin in the Mechanism of TSH Action (1970)

Exposure of thyroid slices to a lecithinase C purified over 700-fold from the growth medium of Clostridium perfringens prevents TSH stimulation of 1-14C-glucose oxidation and 32Pi-phosphate incorporation into phospholipid but has no effect on basal glucose or phospholipid metabolism. Exposure of thyroid slices to a purified sphingomyelinase does not block TSH action. The lecithinase C does not block the effect of DBC on glucose and phospholipid metabolism. The lecithin content of lecithinasetreated slices falls about 50%, whereas the content of other phospholipids is unaffected. (Endocrinology86: 787, 1970)
Supplementary Figure S1 from The PSMA-targeting Half-life Extended BiTE Therapy AMG 160 has Potent Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. AMG 160 has high binding affinity.&lt;/p&gt;
Sub-Micron-Accuracy Gold-to-Gold Interconnection Flip-Chip Bonding Approach for Electronics–Optics Heterogeneous Integration (2013)

High-precision integration has valuable meaning in heterogeneous convergent technology. In this paper we report on a new high-precision low-temperature bonding approach, capable of submicron alignment accuracy, based on the conventional ultrasonic flip-chip bonding technique and modified metal pad and bump elements. The interconnection pair made from a conductive-sloped hollow bonding pad (concave) and metal cone bump (convex) elements, i.e., misalignment self-correction elements, helps in aligning and maintaining the alignment between the chip and the substrate during stacking. By this method, the stacking accuracy can be improved significantly and effectively. Repeatable submicron (i.e., less than 500 nm) bonding accuracies are confirmed through experimental investigation. Moreover, reliable bond characteristics including electrical and mechanical properties are observed, validating the performance of the bonding approach. With these results, the proposed high-precision low-temperature bonding approach shows its suitability for heterogeneous electronics–optics integration applications.
Utilization of Spectrum Slot Fragmentation to Improve Network Resource Efficiency on Elastic Optical Network (2015)

A novel utilization technique of spectrum slot fragmentation is proposed for elastic optical network. By network simulation, we have confirmed the advantage of our technique and its performance improvement becomes larger for optical nodes without wavelength contention.
Rating of Infrastructure Projects According to Basel II (2004)

The objective of this chapter is to investigate how the future Basel II rating requirements may affect infrastructure project financing and costs of capital. Two hypotheses will be discussed as the Basel II negotiations between regulators and the banks are still in progress. Thus, the effects of the New Basel II Accord on infrastructure financing will be simulated on a scenario basis. Worldwide risk analysis procedures of bank loans currently find themselves in a transition phase. The so-called Basel II regime, named after the committee’s seat in Switzerland, will be launched in December 2006 and will set up a reform for all internationally operating banks in order to reduce the risk of default for loans by enhancing the transparency of the credit decision-making process. The financing of infrastructure will be directly affected. The chapter will demonstrate the state of the art methods already used by many banks and investors to analyze and control their projects, and this is based on a research that the authors have executed among international bands and major investors in infrastructure.
Unsupervised Factory Activity Recognition with Wearable Sensors Using Process Instruction Information (2019)

This paper presents an unsupervised method for recognizing assembly work done by factory workers by using wearable sensor data. Such assembly work is a common part of line production systems and typically involves the factory workers performing a repetitive work process made up of a sequence of manual operations, such as setting a board on a workbench and screwing parts onto the board. This study aims to recognize the starting and ending times for individual operations in such work processes through analysis of sensor data collected from the workers along with analysis of the process instructions that detail and describe the flow of operations for each work process. We propose a particle-filter-based factory activity recognition method that leverages (i) trend changes in the sensor data detected by a nonparametric Bayesian hidden Markov model, (ii) semantic similarities between operations discovered in the process instructions, (iii) sensor-data similarities between consecutive repetitions of individual operations, and (iv) frequent sensor-data patterns (motifs) discovered in the overall assembly work processes. We evaluated the proposed method using sensor data from six workers collected in actual factories, achieving a recognition accuracy of 80% (macro-averaged F-measure).
Contribution of Sec61α to the Life Cycle of Ebola Virus (2011)

The present study indicates that Sec61α is a host protein involved in EBOV replication, specifically in EBOV genome transcription and replication.
Lym-1 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Exhibit Potent Anti-Tumor Effects against B-Cell Lymphoma (2017)

T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) recognizing CD19 epitopes have produced remarkable anti-tumor effects in patients with B-cell malignancies. However, cancer cells lacking recognized epitopes can emerge, leading to relapse and death. Thus, CAR T cells targeting different epitopes on different antigens could improve immunotherapy. The Lym-1 antibody targets a conformational epitope of Human Leukocyte Antigen-antigen D Related (HLA-DR) on the surface of human B-cell lymphomas. Lym-1 CAR T cells were thus generated for evaluation of cytotoxic activity towards lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Human T cells from healthy donors were transduced to express a Lym-1 CAR, and assessed for epitope-driven function in culture and towards Raji xenografts in NOD-scidIL2Rgamma<sup>null</sup> (NSG) mice. Lym-1 CAR T cells exhibited epitope-driven activation and lytic function against human B-cell lymphoma cell lines in culture and mediated complete regression of Raji/Luciferase-Green fluorescent protein (Raji/Luc-GFP) in NSG mice with similar or better reactivity than CD19 CAR T cells. Lym-1 CAR transduction of T cells is a promising immunotherapy for patients with Lym-1 epitope positive B-cell malignancies.
Learning for autonomous navigation : extrapolating from underfoot to the far field (2005)

Improving patient outcome by personalized therapy involves a thorough understanding of an agent's mechanism of action. β-Lapachone (clinical forms, Arq501/Arq761) has been developed to exploit dramatic cancer-specific elevations in the phase II detoxifying enzyme NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1). NQO1 is dramatically elevated in solid cancers, including primary and metastatic [e.g., triple-negative (ER-, PR-, Her2/Neu-)] breast cancers. To define cellular factors that influence the efficacy of β-lapachone using knowledge of its mechanism of action, we confirmed that NQO1 was required for lethality and mediated a futile redox cycle where ∼120 moles of superoxide were formed per mole of β-lapachone in 2 minutes. β-Lapachone induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulated DNA single-strand break-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) hyperactivation, caused dramatic loss of essential nucleotides (NAD(+)/ATP), and elicited programmed necrosis in breast cancer cells. Although PARP1 hyperactivation and NQO1 expression were major determinants of β-lapachone-induced lethality, alterations in catalase expression, including treatment with exogenous enzyme, caused marked cytoprotection. Thus, catalase is an important resistance factor and highlights H2O2 as an obligate ROS for cell death from this agent. Exogenous superoxide dismutase enhanced catalase-induced cytoprotection. β-Lapachone-induced cell death included apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) translocation from mitochondria to nuclei, TUNEL+ staining, atypical PARP1 cleavage, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase S-nitrosylation, which were abrogated by catalase. We predict that the ratio of NQO1:catalase activities in breast cancer versus associated normal tissue are likely to be the major determinants affecting the therapeutic window of β-lapachone and other NQO1 bioactivatable drugs.
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of the CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 Drug‐Drug Interaction and CYP3A4 Induction Potential of Omecamtiv Mecarbil: Two Open‐Label Studies in Healthy Subjects (2021)

Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) is a cardiac myosin activator under development for the treatment of heart failure. The effect of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibition on OM pharmacokinetics and the potential for OM to induce CYP3A4 was assessed in 2 studies. Study 1, part A, assessed the effect of ketoconazole 200 mg on the pharmacokinetics of OM 10 mg in CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMs; n = 8) or poor metabolizers (PMs; n = 8). Study 1, part B, assessed the effect of diltiazem 240 mg on the pharmacokinetics of OM 10 mg (EM; n = 8). Study 2 assessed the effect of OM 25 mg on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam 5 mg (n = 14). Coadministration with ketoconazole led to 51% and 31% increases in OM AUC<sub>inf</sub> in EM and PM subjects, respectively, whereas OM C<sub>max</sub> remained similar (3% higher and 14% lower for EM and PM subjects, respectively). No changes in OM pharmacokinetics were observed in EM subjects following coadministration with diltiazem. Midazolam AUC<sub>inf</sub> and C<sub>max</sub> decreased by 18% and 10%, respectively, when coadministered with OM. In conclusion, CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibitors are unlikely to have a clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of OM. In addition, OM is unlikely to have a clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 substrates.