gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ARTemis: A randomised trial of bevacizumab with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for patients with HER2-negative early breast cancer—Primary endpoint, pathological complete response (pCR). (2014)

1014 Background: Bevacizumab (bev) has been used with NACT in breast cancer trials. Geparquinto reported benefit for bev in triple negative (neg) patients (pts) (pCR 36.4% v 27.8% p=0.02), as did CALGB 40603 (pCR 52% v 44%, p=0.057), although the NSABP-B40 study showed benefit in ER-positive (pos) pts (pCR 23.3% v 15.2%, p=0.008). Methods: ARTemis is a randomised phase 3 trial adding bev to NACT (docetaxel (D)-FEC). Pts with HER2-neg invasive breast cancer were eligible. Stratification was by age, ER status (neg: weak pos: strong pos), tumour size (T2:T3/4), clinical involvement of axillary nodes and inflammatory/locally advanced disease. Pts were randomised (1:1) to bev+D-FEC or D-FEC. The primary endpoint was pCR, defined as no residual invasive cancer in the breast or axillary lymph nodes after NACT. 800 pts were required to detect 10% differences in pCR rates, at the 5% (2-sided) level of significance with 85% power. Results: 800 pts were randomised from 66 UK centres (May’09 to Jan’13). 68% were <50 years old, 19% had inflammatory and/or locally advanced disease, 79% of tumours <50mm, 52% clinical node pos and 33% ER-neg. A 2-reader independent review of pathology reports was carried out. Significantly more pts on bev+D-FEC had a pCR (22% (18-27%) vs 17% (13-21%) with D-FEC; p=0.03 [adjusted for stratification factors]). pCR rates differed significantly across ER groups (neg 38%, weak pos 39%, strong pos 7%; p<0.0001). Treatment effect of bev remained significant after adjustment for ER (p=0.03). Conclusions: ARTemis showed a significant improvement in pCR with the addition of bev to D-FEC. ER-neg and ER-weak pos / HER2-neg breast cancer pts appeared to benefit most from bev, whilst pCR rates in ER-strong pos pts were lower and did not appear to show improvement from the addition of bev. Our results are similar to those reported in Geparquinto and CALGB 40603. Clinical trial information: 68502941. Factor D-FEC pCR (95% CI) bev+D-FEC pCR (95% CI) p* ER-neg (Allred 0-2) (n=253) 32% (24-41) 44% (36-54) 0.03 ER-weak pos (Allred 3-5) (n=67) 26% (13-44) 52% (34-69) ER-strong pos (Allred 6-8) (n=461) 7% (4-11) 6% (3-10) * p-value across treatment groups, after adjusting for ER.
Cutaneous microvessel circulation and vasomotion responses to local skin heating in women with HIV. (2020)

Background Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are well treated by ART still suffer from many complications of microvascular dysfunction. Our previous ex vivo study reported that subcutaneous microvessels from women living with HIV had severe endothelial dysfunction. However, it is unknown whether the microvascular defect is more widespread. We tested the hypothesis that microvascular endothelial, neural and myogenic functions are impaired in women living with HIV compared to control women (control). Methods Women with HIV (n = 35) were compared to matched controls (n = 24). HIV infection was virally suppressed on antiretroviral therapy and both groups were enrolled in the DC Women’s Interagency HIV Study (DC – WIHS). Cutaneous blood flow (CBF) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) during an increase of local skin temperature from 33°C to 42°C. Vasomotion responses were analyzed using a wavelet transform to calculate the power of the frequency intervals associated with endothelial (0.0095 ‐0.012Hz), neural (0.021‐0.05Hz) and myogenic (0.051 ‐0.15Hz) activities of the Laser‐Doppler signal. Data are present as mean ± SEM. Result CBF was increased in both groups with LH at 42°C, but the increases of CBF to heat was lower in HIV infected women than controls (13.9 ± 1.1 vs 15.6 ± 1.2 fold, p&lt;0.05). Vasomotion activities were similar between groups at baseline (33°C) and increased in both groups with LH at 42°C, but the increase was less in HIV compared to controls (13.9 ± 1.1 vs 15.6 ± 1.2 fold change, P &lt;0.05). Moreover, compared to the control group, HIV had lower wavelet amplitude during LH in endothelial (100±3.8 vs 149± 15 PU/Hz/min, P&lt;0.05), neural (92 ± 5 vs 132 ±15 PU/Hz/min, P&lt;0.05) and myogenic (46±3 vs 60 ±7 PU/Hz/min, P=NS) frequency intervals. Conclusion Women living with HIV have impaired microvascular dysfunction with a complex derangement of microvascular circulatory regulation involving the endothelial, neural and myogenic components. Thus, fully preventing microvascular disease in HIV will require correction of widespread microvascular defects. Support or Funding Information National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), R01 HL134511
Data from Novel Paired Normal Prostate and Prostate Cancer Model Cell Systems Derived from African American Patients (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed solid malignancy in men. African American (AA) men are at greater risk for developing prostate cancer, and experience higher mortality rates, as compared with Caucasian American men. However, mechanistic studies to understand this health disparity have been limited by the lack of relevant &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; models. There is an urgent need for preclinical cellular models to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying prostate cancer in AA men. We collected clinical specimens from radical prostatectomies of AA patients and established 10 paired tumor-derived and normal epithelial cell cultures from the same donors, which were further cultivated to extend the growth under “conditional reprogramming.” Clinical and cellular annotations characterized these model cells as intermediate risk and predominantly diploid. Immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated variable expression levels of luminal (CK8) and basal (CK5, p63) markers in both normal and tumor cells. However, expression levels of TOPK, c-MYC, and N-MYC were markedly increased only in tumor cells. To determine cell utility for drug testing, we examined viability of cells following exposure to the antiandrogen (bicalutamide) and two PARP inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) and observed decreased viability of tumor-derived cells as compared with viability of normal prostate-derived cells.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Cells derived from prostatectomies of AA patients conferred a bimodal cellular phenotype, recapitulating clinical prostate cellular complexity in this model cell system. Comparisons of viability responses of tumor derived to normal epithelial cells offer the potential for screening therapeutic drugs. Therefore, these paired prostate epithelial cell cultures provide an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; model system suitable for studies of molecular mechanisms in health disparities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Synthesis and Acid Catalytic Activity of Al‐Doped Spiky‐Shaped Niobium Pentoxide (2022)

Niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) is a promising heterogeneous acid catalyst because of its water‐tolerant acidity. However, the reactivity of Nb 2 O 5 is limited to the surface of a bulk material; thus, its catalytic activity is generally lower than homogeneous catalysts. Nano‐sized Nb 2 O 5 shows superior activity but has low stability and recoverability. We develop spiky‐shaped Nb 2 O 5 composed of radially grown nanorods, which show high stability but low acidity. In this study, an Al‐doping method and the doping effect on the acidity and nanostructure of the spiky‐shaped Nb 2 O 5 are demonstrated. Al of 1–6 mol% is doped in Nb 2 O 5 while maintaining the spiky nanostructure using an Nb–Al composite oxalate as a precursor. Scanning transmission electron microscope analysis results show that the doped Al ions are homogeneously dispersed in the structure. Al doping increases the catalytic activity, where 4 mol% Al‐doped Nb 2 O 5 shows the highest production rate of 2‐phenyl‐2‐phenylaminoacetonitrile in a Strecker reaction. From the acid analysis and Raman spectroscopy, it can be concluded that the Al doping is effective in adjusting acidity and in enhancement of catalytic activity due to creation of NbO 4 and distorted NbO 6 . These are produced by defect formation and lattice distortion caused by differences in valence and ionic radius between Al and Nb.
ADP-Ribosylation of Heterogeneous Ribonucleoproteins in HeLa Cells (1994)

Poly and mono (ADP-ribosyl)transferases catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to acceptor proteins. Protein substrates of ADP-ribosylation reactions were investigated in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells in the exponential phase of growth. Permeabilized cells were incubated with [32P]-NAD and ADP-ribosylated proteins were detected by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and autoradiography. Microsequencing of two coomassie blue-stained proteins corresponding to 32P-labeled proteins on autoradiographs revealed sequence identity with heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) A1 and A2/B1, consistent with the isoelectric points, molecular sizes, and 2D-PAGE map locations of these proteins. ADP-ribosylation of hnRNPs may thus serve to modulate the activity of these proteins in the nucleus.
Effect of Allylation on Gelation Behavior of Aqueous Methylcellulose Solutions (2019)

allyl/mol AGU 0.00 0.06 0.11 0.
Treatment of a Knee Contracture Using a Knee Orthosis Incorporating Stress-Relaxation Techniques (1996)

The subject of this case report was a 67-year-old Caucasian woman who had undergone total knee arthroplasty of the right knee. Postoperative physical therapy and a new orthosis that utilizes principles of stress relaxation (constant displacement) and static progressive stretching were used to reestablish range of motion. The total treatment time (cumulative orthosis wear time) was 32.5 hours over a period of 29 days, and the patient obtained a 17-degree increase in active range of motion. Six months later there was no measurable loss in range of motion. The results of the treatment may be beneficial for some patients. Researchers and clinicians need to conduct studies to further evaluate this approach to knee contracture management.
Search for microscopic and macroscopic biaxiality in the cybotactic nematic phase of new oxadiazole bent-core mesogens (2016)

The possibility of biaxial orientational order in nematic liquid crystals is a subject of intense current interest. We explore the tendencies toward local and global biaxial ordering in the recently synthesized trimethylated oxadiazole-based bent-core mesogens with a pronounced asymmetric (bow-type) shape of molecules. The combination of x-ray diffraction and optical studies suggests that the biaxial order is expressed differently at the short- and long-range scales. Locally, at the scale of a few molecules, x-ray-diffraction data demonstrate biaxial packing. However, above the mesoscopic scale, the global orientational order in all three compounds is uniaxial, as evidenced by uniform homeotropic alignment of the nematic phase which is optically tested over the entire temperature range and by the observations of topological defects induced by individual and aggregated colloidal spheres in the nematic bulk.
Venous Thromboembolic Events After Spinal Fusion: Which Patients Are at High Risk? (2014)

Background: Postoperative venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), which include pulmonary emboli and deep venous thromboses, are potentially preventable causes of death. The aim of this study was to investigate the patient and procedure-related risk factors for the occurrence of VTEs in patients undergoing spinal fusion. Methods: We used ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification) procedure codes to identify patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for 2001 through 2010 who were treated with spinal fusion. The occurrence of a symptomatic VTE was identified with use of ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. Patient demographics, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities in the VTE and non-VTE groups were analyzed, and independent risk factors for VTE were identified. Results: A total of 710,154 spinal fusion procedures were identified in the NIS from 2001 to 2010, and 3525 (0.50%) of these patients were recorded as having 3777 VTEs, consisting of 2038 deep venous thromboses (0.29%) and 1739 pulmonary emboli (0.24%). Patients with a VTE were older on average (57.63 years compared with 52.88 years for patients without a VTE) and more often male (VTE incidence, 0.58% compared with 0.42% for female) and black (VTE incidence, 0.78% compared with 0.47% for white). Postoperative VTE occurrence was associated with a longer hospital stay (18.0 compared with 3.94 days) and higher total hospital charges ($207,253 compared with $66,823). A number of comorbidities and procedure-related factors were identified as independent risk factors for VTE. Conclusions: We present a VTE Risk Index, based on the independent risk factors identified in this study, for the VTE following spinal fusion. In conjunction with current guidelines, this risk index can be used to guide clinical decision-making regarding VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing spinal fusion. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Development of a compact magnetometer with an AC/DC magnetic field using HTS-SQUID (2013)

Measuring the magnetic susceptibility of a material enable us to specify composition of the material. We have reported on development of a compact moving-sample magnetometer using high-temperature superconducting quantum interference device (HTS-SQUID). However, this magnetometer needs long time when we have to measure many samples. In order to solve this problem, we developed a compact magnetometer to analyze quantitative magnetic characteristics by our rapid measurement system using AC/DC functions. The optimal mounting position of pickup coils for the AC magnetic field measurement was optimized. The performance of the AC magnetic field measurement system was evaluated by measuring harmonic components of the AC magnetic response from a dispersion of iron oxide in styrene resin, when AC/DC magnetic field is applied. Using this system, the sample composition of ferromagnetic and diamagnetic substances can be evaluated from the mixed sample by measuring the harmonic components of the magnetic responses.
Heterostructure at CMOS source/drain: Contributor or alleviator to the high access resistance problem? (2016)

This work investigates the interface resistivity of several heterostructures. Theoretical simulations suggest that, apart from the doping impact, the band offset and the difference in density of states (DOS) increase significantly the heterostructure interface resistivity. This conclusion corresponds well to our experiments that 1) high interface resistances are observed between (high-Ge content) p-SiGe/p-Si, n-InAs/n-Si, and n-InAs/n-Ge; and that 2) a TiSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> /12nm Si:P/n-Ge contact with favorable band alignment between Si:P/n-Ge approaches low effective contact resistivity of 1.4×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−8</sup> Ω cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , close to a record-low value for n-Ge contacts.
Fabrication and characterization of fibers with built-in liquid crystal channels and electrodes for transverse incident-light modulation (2012)

We report on an all-in-fiber liquid crystal (LC) structure designed for the modulation of light incident transverse to the fiber axis. A hollow cavity flanked by viscous conductors is introduced into a polymer matrix, and the structure is thermally drawn into meters of fiber containing the geometrically scaled microfluidic channel and electrodes. The channel is filled with LCs, whose director orientation is modulated by an electric field generated between the built-in electrodes. Light transmission through the LC-channel at a particular location can be tuned by the driving frequency of the applied field, which directly controls the potential profile along the fiber.
Relaxation in Spherical Coordinates: Analysis and Optimization of pseudo-SSFP based MR-Fingerprinting (2017)

Purpose: The analysis of optimized spin ensemble trajectories for relaxometry in the hybrid state. Methods: First, we constructed visual representations to elucidate the differential equation that governs spin dynamics in hybrid state. Subsequently, numerical optimizations were performed to find spin ensemble trajectories that minimize the Cramer-Rao bound for $T_1$-encoding, $T_2$-encoding, and their weighted sum, respectively, followed by a comparison of the Cramer-Rao bounds obtained with our optimized spin-trajectories, as well as Look-Locker and multi-spin-echo methods. Finally, we experimentally tested our optimized spin trajectories with in vivo scans of the human brain. Results: After a nonrecurring inversion segment on the southern hemisphere of the Bloch sphere, all optimized spin trajectories pursue repetitive loops on the northern half of the sphere in which the beginning of the first and the end of the last loop deviate from the others. The numerical results obtained in this work align well with intuitive insights gleaned directly from the governing equation. Our results suggest that hybrid-state sequences outperform traditional methods. Moreover, hybrid-state sequences that balance $T_1$- and $T_2$-encoding still result in near optimal signal-to-noise efficiency. Thus, the second parameter can be encoded at virtually no extra cost. Conclusion: We provide insights regarding the optimal encoding processes of spin relaxation times in order to guide the design of robust and efficient pulse sequences. We find that joint acquisitions of $T_1$ and $T_2$ in the hybrid state are substantially more efficient than sequential encoding techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonenzymatic Sequence‐Specific Cleavage of Single‐Stranded DNA to Nucleotide Resolution. DNA Methyl Thioether Probes. (1987)

Abstract (I) is enzymatically incorporated into an oligonucleotide duplex by using the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase.
Effect of vibrational excitation on the molecular beam reactions of Ca and Sr with HF and DF (1978)

The reactions of Ca and Sr with HF and DF are studied using a beam–gas configuration as a function of reagent and product vibration to obtain state-to-state reaction rates. A beam of alkaline earth metal atoms enters a scattering chamber containing hydrogen fluoride. The HF and DF reagents are pumped from v=0 to v=1 by a pulsed HF or DF laser; the alkaline earth monofluoride products are detected by a pulsed tunable probe laser. The product internal state distribution is determined from the laser excitation spectrum. While no products could be detected for reactions with DF(v=1) or DF(v=0), the rate constant for the Ca and Sr reactions with HF(v=1) are both at least four orders of magnitude larger than the reactions with HF(v=0). The implications of these results on bond energies and the fate of the excess energy of reaction are discussed.
Anatomy and frequency of large pontomesencephalic veins on 3D CT angiograms of the circle of Willis. (2003)

Because of their small size, PMVs were seen only infrequently on 3D CT angiograms, but neuroradiologists should be familiar with the normal variants of large PMVs to avoid diagnostic and anatomic confusion.
AEB-pedestrian protection model simulation and real vehicle application (2022)

During the developing process of automatic emergency braking –Pedestrian system (AEB-P), Co-simulation of dynamics software, scenario software and control model software are frequently used. Co-simulation will increase model complexity and cost, as well as the system builder will meet more challenges. Besides, the designing of an accurate and adaptable AEB-P model is very complex. In order to accelerate the research and development progress of AEBS, and reveal the designing consideration of AEB-P system, according to the motion parameters of targets with collision risk, a simple AEBP model was proposed, and the performance of the model was tested in SCANeR software platform. Also the model was applied to a real coach for verifying the designing level, according to JT/T 1242 test and evaluation regulation, the ground truth testing was conducted to evaluate the performance of the AEB-P model. The results shows that the performance of the AEB-P model is consistent with the real coach, and also the real coach has a normal performance comparing to the products for sales, and the designing of the AEB-P model should take the brake ability , comfort and brake reaction time into consideration, and also need to balance various design parameters for obtaining the best performance for pedestrian protection.
Blood purification therapy with a hemodiafilter featuring enhanced adsorptive properties for cytokine removal in patients presenting COVID-19: a pilot study (2020)

EBP with heparin-coated hemodiafilter featuring cytokine adsorption properties administered to patients with COVID-19 showed to be feasible and with no adverse events. During the treatment, patients experienced serum IL-6 level reduction, attenuation of systemic inflammation, multiorgan dysfunction improvement, and reduction in expected ICU mortality rate.
Meta-analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies for Neuroticism, and the Polygenic Association With Major Depressive Disorder (2015)

This study identifies a novel locus for neuroticism. The variant is located in a known gene that has been associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in previous studies. In addition, the study shows that neuroticism is influenced by many genetic variants of small effect that are either common or tagged by common variants. These genetic variants also influence MDD. Future studies should confirm the role of the MAGI1 locus for neuroticism and further investigate the association of MAGI1 and the polygenic association to a range of other psychiatric disorders that are phenotypically correlated with neuroticism.
Absence of the t(2;5) in Hodgkin's disease [see comments] (1995)

The cytogenetics of Hodgkin's disease (HD) is poorly understood. However, a t(2;5) is a common finding in CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a neoplasm thought by some to be closely related to HD. Recently, the t(2;5) has been cloned and found to represent fusion of the NPM gene with the ALK gene. Using Southern blot hybridization, one group has reported finding rearrangements of NPM in a proportion of cases of both ALCL and HD. In the current study, we used a highly sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction methodology to analyze 34 cases of HD for the t(2;5). We were unable to find polymerase chain reaction evidence for the t(2;5) in any of the cases of HD, a result significantly different from our previous study of CD30+ non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (P < .02) including ALCL (P < .04), using identical methods. Our results do not support the hypothesis that the t(2;5) represents a common chromosomal abnormality for both HD and ALCL.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Acylation Catalysts in Peptide Synthesis: Derivatives of N‐Hydroxytriazoles and N‐Hydroxytetrazoles. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.