gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure Legend from Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein in Tumor Stroma with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Can Inhibit Tumor Growth and Augment Host Immunity without Severe Toxicity (2023)

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Enzymatic Regeneration of NAD in Enantioselective Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols: Glutamate Dehydrogenase Versus NADH Dehydrogenase (1998)

To improve yield and productivity of ketose in NAD-dependent polyol oxidations, two enzymatic methods for regeneration of the oxidized coenzyme form have been compared and partly optimized for the batch conversion of xylitol into D-xylulose and D-sorbitol into D-fructose. Polyol oxidation was catalyzed by xylitol dehydrogenase from the yeast Galactocandida mastotermitis. Reduction of OM2 (apparently to H2O) by partially purified NADH dehydrogenase complex from Corynebacterium callunae could drive alcohol oxidations better than reductive amination of EaL-ketoglutarate by glutamate dehydrogenase. A fed-batch procedure was developed that overcame inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase by α-ketoglutarate (Kis 25 mM), thus increasing the productivity of ketose almost 2-fold. For D-fructose production from D-sorbitol (0.1-0.3M) yields of < 90% and productivities up to 1.30g/(L.h) have been obtained. High conversion of up to 50g/L xylitol into D-xylulose for which xylitol dehydrogenase exhibits an about 80-fold higher specificity constant than for D-fructose required complexation of the ketose product with borate. In comparison with reductive amination by glutamate dehydrogenase, advantages of using NADH-dehydrogenase catalyzed regeneration of NAD for ketose production are (i) avoidance of byproduct formation, (ii) cheaper substrate (02 versus α-ketoglutarate), and (iii) easier process control (batch versus fed-batch).
The Empirical Correlation between Hydrogen Bonding Strength and Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in 2-Pyridyl Pyrazoles (2012)

A series of 2-pyridyl pyrazoles 1a and 1-5 with various functional groups attached to either pyrazole or pyridyl moieties have been strategically designed and synthesized in an aim to probe the hydrogen bonding strength in the ground state versus dynamics of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction. The title compounds all possess a five-membered-ring (pyrazole)N-H···N(pyridine) intramolecular hydrogen bond, in which both the N-H bond and the electron density distribution of the pyridyl nitrogen lone-pair electrons are rather directional, so that the hydrogen bonding strength is relatively weak, which is sensitive to the perturbation of subtle chemical substitution and consequently reflected from the associated ESIPT dynamics. Various approaches such as (1)H NMR (N-H proton) to probe the hydrogen bonding strength and absorption titration to assess the acidity-basicity property were made for all the title analogues. The results, together with supplementary support provided by a computational approach, affirm that the increase of acidity (basicity) on the hydrogen bonding donor (acceptor) sites leads to an increase of hydrogen-bonding strength among the title 2-pyridyl pyrazoles. Luminescence results and the associated ESIPT dynamics further reveal an empirical correlation in that the increase of the hydrogen bonding strength leads to an increase of the rate of ESIPT for the title 2-pyridyl pyrazoles, demonstrating an interesting relationship among N-H acidity, hydrogen bonding strength, and the associated ESIPT rate.
Industrial Indoor Measurements from 2-6 GHz for the 3GPP-NR and QuaDRiGa\n Channel Model (2019)

Providing reliable low latency wireless links for advanced manufacturing and\nprocessing systems is a vision of Industry 4.0. Developing, testing and rating\nrequires accurate models of the radio propagation channel. The current 3GPP-NR\nmodel as well as the QuaDRiGa model lack the propagation parameters for the\nindustrial indoor scenario. To close this gap, measurements were conducted at\n2.37 GHz and 5.4 GHz at operational Siemens premises in Nuremberg, Germany.\nFurthermore, the campaign was planned to allow the test and parameterization of\nnew features of the QuaDRiGa channel model such as support for device-to-device\n(D2D) radio links and spatial consistency. A total of 5.9 km measurement track\nwas used to extract the statistical model parameters for line of sight (LOS)\nand Non-LOS propagation conditions. It was found that the metallic walls and\nobjects in the halls create a rich scattering environment, where a large number\nof multipath components arrive at the receiver from all directions. This leads\nto a robust communication link, provided that the transceivers can handle the\ninterference. The extracted parameters can be used in geometric-stochastic\nchannel models such as QuaDRiGa to support simulation studies, both on link and\nsystem level.\n
Quantitative assessment of EMCD signals in real and reciprocal space in single and multilayer samples (2012)

Quantitative assessment of EMCD signals in real and reciprocal space in single and multilayer samples
Designing Patient-Specific Optimal Neurostimulation Patterns for Seizure Suppression (2018)

Neurostimulation is a promising therapy for abating epileptic seizures. However, it is extremely difficult to identify optimal stimulation patterns experimentally. In this study, human recordings are used to develop a functional 24 neuron network statistical model of hippocampal connectivity and dynamics. Spontaneous seizure-like activity is induced in silico in this reconstructed neuronal network. The network is then used as a testbed to design and validate a wide range of neurostimulation patterns. Commonly used periodic trains were not able to permanently abate seizures at any frequency. A simulated annealing global optimization algorithm was then used to identify an optimal stimulation pattern, which successfully abated 92% of seizures. Finally, in a fully responsive, or closed-loop, neurostimulation paradigm, the optimal stimulation successfully prevented the network from entering the seizure state. We propose that the framework presented here for algorithmically identifying patient-specific neurostimulation patterns can greatly increase the efficacy of neurostimulation devices for seizures.
A solid-state deuterium NMR investigation of the structure of the ferrocenylethylamine·zirconium hydrogen phosphate intercalation compound (1992)

A 2H NMR spectroscopic study of an oriented thin film of a microcrystalline ferrocenylethylamine intercalation compound shows that the ferrocenyl group lies with its C5 axis parrallel to the layers of the host solid, zirconium hydrogen phosphate.
Programmable, high-speed, adaptive optics partially confocal multi-spot ophthalmoscope using a digital micromirror device (2023)

A high-speed, adaptive optics partially confocal multi-spot ophthalmoscope (AO-pcMSO) using a digital micromirror device (DMD) in the illumination channel and a fast 2D CMOS camera is described. The camera is synchronized with the DMD allowing projection of multiple, simultaneous AO-corrected spots onto the human retina. Spatial filtering on each raw retinal image before reconstruction works as an array virtual pinholes. A frame acquisition rate of 250 fps is achieved by applying this parallel projection scheme. The contrast improves by 2-3 fold when compared to a standard flood illumination architecture. Partially confocal images of the human retina show cone and rod photoreceptors over a range of retinal eccentricities.
Adaptive fluctuation imaging captures rapid subcellular dynamics (2019)

In this work we have explored the live-cell friendly nanoscopy method Multiple Signal Classification Algorithm (MUSICAL) for multi-colour imaging of various organelles and sub-cellular structures in the cardiomyoblast cell line H2c9. We have tested MUSICAL for fast (up to 230Hz), multi-colour time-lapse sequences of various sub-cellular structures (mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, microtubules, endosomes and nuclei) in living cells using low excitation-light dose. Challenges and opportunities with applying MUSICAL for studying rapid sub-cellular dynamics are discussed.
Throughput–Outage Analysis and Evaluation of Cache-Aided D2D Networks With Measured Popularity Distributions (2019)

Caching of video files on user devices, combined with file exchange through device-to-device (D2D) communications is a promising method for increasing the throughput of wireless networks. Previous theoretical investigations showed that throughput can be increased by orders of magnitude, but assumed a Zipf distribution for modeling the popularity distribution, which was based on observations in wired networks. Thus the question whether cache-aided D2D video distribution can provide in practice the benefits promised by existing theoretical literature remains open. To answer this question, we provide new results specifically for popularity distributions of video requests of mobile users. Based on an extensive real-world dataset, we adopt a generalized distribution, known as Mandelbrot-Zipf (MZipf) distribution. We first show that this popularity distribution can fit the practical data well. Using this distribution, we analyze the throughput-outage tradeoff of the cache-aided D2D network and show that the scaling law is identical to the case of Zipf popularity distribution when the MZipf distribution is sufficiently skewed, implying that the benefits previously promised in the literature could indeed be realized in practice. To support the theory, practical evaluations using numerical experiments are provided, and show that the cache-aided D2D can outperform the conventional unicasting from base stations.
Maximizing the potential of minimally invasive spine surgery in complex spinal disorders (2008)

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the spine was primarily developed to reduce approach-related morbidity and to improve clinical outcomes compared with those following conventional open spine surgery. Over the past several years, minimally invasive spinal procedures have gained recognition and their utilization has increased. In particular, MIS is now routinely used in the treatment of degenerative spine disorders and has been shown to be as effective as conventional open spine surgeries. Although the procedures are not yet widely recognized in the context of complex spine surgery, the true potential in minimizing approach-related morbidity is far greater in the treatment of complex spinal diseases such as spinal trauma, spinal deformities, and spinal oncology. Conventional open spine surgeries for complex spinal disorders are often associated with significant soft tissue disruption, blood loss, prolonged recovery time, and postsurgical pain. In this article the authors review numerous cases of complex spine disorders managed with MIS techniques and discuss the current and future implications of these approaches for complex spinal pathologies.
Retrograde Transseptal Pulmonary Vein Transcatheter Plug Closure for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (2022)

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) may manifest with bleeding or embolic events necessitating intervention. Transcatheter coil embolization through the pulmonary artery (PA) is an established approach. We present a case of recurrent PAVMs despite numerous PA coil embolizations. PAVM occlusion was achieved through plug placement by a transseptal and pulmonary venous approach. (<b>Level of Difficulty: Advanced.</b>).
Secure and Trusted SoC: Challenges and Emerging Solutions (2013)

Over the ages, hardware components, platforms and supply chains have been considered secure and trustworthy. However, recent discoveries and reports on security vulnerabilities and attacks in microchips and circuits violate this hardware root of trust. System-on-Chip (SoC) design based on reusable hardware intellectual property (IP) is now a pervasive design practice in the industry due to the dramatic reduction in design/verification cost and time. This growing reliance on reusable pre-verified hardware IPs and a wide array of design automation tools during SoC design, often acquired from untrusted 3rd party vendors, coupled with fabrication in untrusted offshore foundries severely affects the security and trustworthiness of SoCs used in diverse applications. This paper presents an overview of the various security challenges in the SoC design cycle and possible solutions for protection.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Side Chain Truncated Apicularen A. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical nano-antennas as a key-connection between the nanoscale and optical fibers (2017)

International audience
Helix-Sense Selective Polymerization of Carbodiimides:  Building Permanently Optically Active Polymers from Achiral Monomers (2004)

The helix-sense selective polymerization of achiral monomers by homochiral catalysts was investigated. Polymerization of chiral carbodiimides (N-(R)-2,6-(dimethylheptyl)-N'-phenylcarbodiimide) by achiral catalysts yields polymers that undergo mutorotation at elevated temperatures, thus illustrating that these chains are formed under kinetic rather than thermodynamic control. Building on this observation, the polymerization of achiral carbodiimides by (S-BINOL)Ti(OiPr)2, I, was studied. Monomers (N-hexyl-N'-(X)carbodiimide, where X = isopropyl (3), hexyl (4) or phenyl (5)), N-methyl-N'-(2-methyl-6-isopropylphenyl)carbodiimide, 6, and N-dodecyl-N'-(1-naphthyl)carbodiimide, 7, were all polymerized with I in good yields (86-95%), and all showed varying degrees of asymmetric induction. Poly-3, -4, and -5 racemized upon heating at elevated temperatures, but poly-6 and poly-7, bearing nonsymmetric phenyl groups, yielded optically active polymers that could not be racemized even at elevated temperatures. Thin films of poly-7 were found to be highly opalescent.
Frequency adaptation for enhanced radiation force amplitude in dynamic elastography (2015)

In remote dynamic elastography, the amplitude of the generated displacement field is directly related to the amplitude of the radiation force. Therefore, displacement improvement for better tissue characterization requires the optimization of the radiation force amplitude by increasing the push duration and/or the excitation amplitude applied on the transducer. The main problem of these approaches is that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) thresholds for medical applications and transducer limitations may be easily exceeded. In the present study, the effect of the frequency used for the generation of the radiation force on the amplitude of the displacement field was investigated. We found that amplitudes of displacements generated by adapted radiation force sequences were greater than those generated by standard nonadapted ones (i.e., single push acoustic radiation force impulse and supersonic shear imaging). Gains in magnitude were between 20 to 158% for in vitro measurements on agar-gelatin phantoms, and 170 to 336% for ex vivo measurements on a human breast sample, depending on focus depths and attenuations of tested samples. The signal-to-noise ratio was also improved more than 4-fold with adapted sequences. We conclude that frequency adaptation is a complementary technique that is efficient for the optimization of displacement amplitudes. This technique can be used safely to optimize the deposited local acoustic energy without increasing the risk of damaging tissues and transducer elements.
Surface Functionalization with Polyethylene Glycol and Polyethyleneimine Improves the Performance of Graphene-Based Materials for Safe and Efficient Intracellular Delivery by Laser-Induced Photoporation (2020)

Nanoparticle mediated laser-induced photoporation is a physical cell membrane disruption approach to directly deliver extrinsic molecules into living cells, which is particularly promising in applications for both adherent and suspension cells. In this work, we explored surface modifications of graphene quantum dots (GQD) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) to enhance colloidal stability while retaining photoporation functionality. After photoporation with FITC-dextran 10 kDa (FD10), the percentage of positive HeLa cells (81% for GQD-PEG, 74% for rGO-PEG and 90% for rGO-PEI) increased approximately two-fold compared to the bare nanomaterials. While for Jurkat suspension cells, the photoporation efficiency with polymer-modified graphene-based nanomaterial reached as high as 80%. Cell viability was >80% in all these cases. In addition, polymer functionalization proved to be beneficial for the delivery of larger macromolecules (FD70 and FD500) as well. Finally, we show that rGO is suitable for photoporation using a near-infrared laser to reach 80% FD10 positive HeLa cells at 80% cell viability. We conclude that modification of graphene-based nanoparticles with PEG and especially PEI provide better colloidal stability in cell medium, resulting in more uniform transfection and overall increased efficiency.
Protocol for resolving protein mixtures in capillary zone electrophoresis (1991)

The separation of protein mixtures by capillary zone electrophoresis can be plagued by wall adsorption of the protein components, causing peak broadening and distortion. A method is presented for overcoming this problem by adding ethylene glycol to the protein sample and by choosing the running buffer and protein sample to be at different pH values and molarities. This protocol appears to work for a wide class of proteins having different molecular weights and pI values. The method has been applied to the analysis of proteins in human serum. Compared to the traditional method of agarose gel electrophoresis, the present method is more rapid and offers better resolution, suggesting its potential as a clinical diagnostic of certain disease states.
Ultrasonic circular cyclo coagulation in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma: preliminary results of a multicenter clinical trial (2012)

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Ultrasonic Circular Cyclo Coagulation (UC3) procedure in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods Prospective multicenter clinical trial. 39 eyes of 39 patients with POAG, intraocular pressure (IOP) &gt; 21 mmHg, an average of 1.65 failed previous surgeries and an average of 3.2 hypotensive medications were insonified with a probe comprising 6 piezoelectric transducers. 18 patients (group 1) were treated with a 4 seconds exposure time for each shot and 21 patients (group 2) with a 6 seconds exposure time. Follow‐up visits were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after. Results IOP was significantly reduced in both groups (p&lt;0.05), from a mean preoperative value of 28.9 ± 6.8 mmHg in group 1 and 29.2 ± 6.9 mmHg in group 2 to a mean value of 18.1 ± 4.4 mmHg in group 1 and 16.1 ± 8,5 mmHg in group 2 at last follow‐up. Success (IOP reduction &gt;20%) was achieved in 15 of 18 (83%) eyes of the group 1 with an average of IOP decrease of 42% and in 19 of 21 (90%) eyes of the group 2 with an average of IOP decrease of 49%. No major intra‐ or post‐operative complications occurred. Conclusion UC3 seems to be an effective and well‐tolerated method to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with POAG. Commercial interest
Ampakines enhance phrenic nerve output in a ZFN rat model of Pompe Disease (2021)

Pompe disease ( PD ) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding acid‐α‐glucosidase ( GAA ), an enzyme that degrades lysosomal glycogen. The resultant glycogen accumulation is associated with neurodegeneration, cardiac deficits, and impaired phrenic motoneuron and diaphragm activation. Cardiorespiratory failure is the leading cause of death in early‐onset PD patients. We previously reported that a drug which acts as a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors, ampakine CX717, could stimulate phrenic motor output and increase minute ventilation in a mouse model of Pompe disease ( Gaa ‐/‐ ). We recently created a new rat model of PD that better recapitulates the clinical phenotype of early onset PD, called the Zinc Finger Nuclease ( ZFN) KO model. Phrenic nerve recordings were performed on urethane anesthetized ZFN KO rats of both sexes, and age‐matched wild type (WT) controls during a baseline normoxic period, followed by a brief exposure to hypoxia (PaO 2 ~ 30mmHg) and a maximal respiratory challenge with combined hypoxia‐hypercapnia. Recordings were done before and after treatment with ampakine CX717 (15mg/kg) or its vehicle control (2‐Hydroxypropyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin. Our goal was to build upon the prior data from the Gaa ‐/‐ mouse, by using the ZFN KO model to test the hypothesis that in addition to stimulating basal or “eupneic” phrenic output, ampakine CX717 could also increase the ability to respond to acute respiratory challenge. We also aimed to determine if the extent of phrenic motor deficits were different between male and female ZFN KO rats. The data confirm that both male and female ZFN KO rats exhibit cardiac irregularities and phrenic motor deficits when compared to WT controls. However, a sex difference was apparent as male ZFN KO rats exhibit greater phrenic motor deficits and blunted responses to gas challenges compared to female ZFN KO rats. Ampakine treatment enhanced phrenic output and improved the ability to respond to respiratory challenge in both sexes of the ZNF rat model of PD. We conclude that 1) sex differences are present in the phrenic motor phenotype of ZFN KO rats, 2) the ability of low dose CX717to stimulate phrenic motor output in PD is reproducible across two species, and 3) low dose CX717 can enhance the ability to respond to respiratory challenge in PD rats These data suggest that ampakines may serve as a viable adjunctive therapy for respiratory insufficiency in PD patients.
EUV emission of solid targets irradiated by femto- and picosecond laser pulses (2003)

Various solid materials have been irradiated with laser intensities ranging from 10<sup>11</sup> to 10<sup>16</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup> and the plasma emission has been measured between 7 nm and 18 nm. A chirped pulse amplified Ti:Sapphire laser oscillating at 790 nm with either 100 fs or 300 ps pulse duration and a Nd:YAG laser oscillating at 1064 nm with 10 ns pulse duration (fwhm) have been used. Tin, aluminum and copper have been chosen as targets. It has been found that the plasma emission was strongest for the 300 ps laser pulse irradiation. This might be due to the additional laser plasma heating during plasma formation.
Site‐selective, reversible, pH‐induced N‐terminal maleylation and its application for proteomics research (2020)

A new method for site-selective maleylation of the N-terminal amino groups of a peptide was explored. Through the optimization experiment, good efficiency was achieved for this labelling reaction. The reversibility of maleylation labelling was also explored and applied for the identification of post-translational modifications of histones. Thus, site-selective, reversible, pH-induced N-terminal labelling using maleic anhydride has greater potential for application in proteomics than any other labelling methods.
A Method to Tailor Broadcasting and Multicasting Transmission in 5G New Radio (2019)

Broadcast and multicast will be an important feature supported in 5G New Radio. In this paper a new transmission method is proposed to improve the receiver side User Equipment (UE) resource efficiency by using redundant multicast channels at the transmitting Base Station (BS). Transmission is tailored for UEs with different channel characteristics. A sub-grouping algorithm is designed to fast allocate UEs of a multicast group to their most suitable channels. Numeric sample calculation proves the validity of the proposed method.