gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A single regrowth integration platform for photonic circuits incorporating tunable SGDBR lasers and quantum-well EAMs (2006)

A monolithic integration platform is demonstrated for high functionality photonic circuits that include quantum-well electroabsorption modulators, semiconductor optical amplifiers, and widely tunable lasers. The platform is based on the selective removal of a set of active quantum wells located above an optical waveguide layer. The waveguide layer contains a second set of quantum wells to be used in modulator regions. Fabrication requires only a single blanket InP regrowth
A Feed-Forward Equalizer for Capacitively Coupled On-Chip Interconnect (2013)

Repeaterless low swing interconnects are potential candidates for high speed low power signaling over on-chip global wires. Capacitive pre-emphasis at the transmitter has been shown to improve the achievable data rate by increasing the relative power at high frequencies. This paper shows an improved transmitter with a 1-tap feed-forward equalizer in addition to capacitive pre-emphasis. A design method for finding the transmitter design parameters using scrupulously chosen bit vectors is also presented. Post layout simulations show that the proposed link achieves a data rate of 4 Gbps over a 10 mm long M8 line with energy consumption of 313 fJ/bit in 90 nm CMOS technology.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Direct Assay of Lysosomal Enzymes in Dried Blood Spots:Application to Screening Newborns for Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (2010)

BACKGROUND Treatments are being developed for an increasing number of mucopolysaccharidoses, and early diagnosis is expected to be necessary to maximize the benefits of therapy. Therefore, we developed an assay for N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS), the enzyme deficient in mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (Morquio A syndrome), that is applicable for clinical diagnosis. METHODS A novel substrate for GALNS was synthesized for a new enzyme activity assay that is based on tandem mass spectrometry and uses dried blood spots (DBSs) as the enzyme source. We optimized the assay conditions, including the substrate concentration, reaction pH, lead formate concentration, incubation time, punch size of the DBS, and mass spectrometer conditions. We also assessed inter- and intraassay variation. RESULTS The assay uses either solid-phase or liquid-phase extraction before analysis by mass spectrometry. An evaluation of blood spots from 90 randomly chosen healthy newborns and 9 patients with Morquio A syndrome showed a well-defined interval between their respective enzyme activities. Inter- and intraassay imprecision was &amp;lt;10%. CONCLUSIONS This tandem mass spectrometry assay requires a minimal number of sample-preparation steps, thus making it easy to implement. The assay has the potential to be adopted for early diagnosis of Morquio A syndrome. We believe this assay could be performed in a multiplex fashion with assays for other lysosomal enzymes.
Panel: SoC power management implications on validation and testing (2008)

We are at the crossroads of some fundamental changes that are taking place in the semiconductor industry. Power consumption has become one of the most important differentiating factors for semiconductor products due to a major shift in the market towards handheld consumer devices. Power is a primary design criterion for bulk of the semiconductor designs now. Power is a key reason behind the shift towards multi-core designs as increase in power consumption limits increases in clock speed at the rate we have seen in the past.
Oleic and Linoleic Acids Induce the Release of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps via Pannexin 1-Dependent ATP Release and P2X1 Receptor Activation (2020)

Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) such as oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) are associated with a higher incidence of infectious diseases such as metritis and mastitis during the bovine peripartum. Fatty acids can induce an increase in the release of ATP, and changes in the expression levels of purinergic receptors in bovine polymorphonuclears (PMN) during peripartum have also been reported. PMN respond to inflammatory processes with production of ROS, release of proteolytic and bactericidal proteins, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs formation is known to require ATP production through glycolysis. Studies have shown that the above-mentioned metabolic changes alter innate immune responses, particularly in PMN. We hypothesized that NEFAs induce the formation of NETs through ATP release by Pannexin 1 and activation of purinergic receptors. In this study, we found that OA and LA induce NET formation and extracellular ATP release. Carbenoxolone, a pannexin-1 (PANX1) inhibitor, reduced OA- and LA-induced ATP release. We also found that <i>P2X1, P2X4, P2X5, P2X7</i>, and <i>PANX1</i> were expressed at the mRNA level in bovine PMN. Additionally, NEFA-induced NET formation was completely abolished with exposure to NF449, a P2X1 antagonist, and partially inhibited by treatment with etomoxir, an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Our results suggest that OA and LA induce NET formation and ATP release <i>via</i> PANX1 and activation of P2X1. These new data contribute to explaining the effects of NEFA high concentrations during the transition period of dairy cattle and further understanding of pro-inflammatory effects and outcome of postpartum diseases.
Hydrogen bond-induced nanosegregation in the thermotropic cubic phase forming molecule, BABH8 (2002)

Local-structures of a thermotropic cubic phase forming molecule, 1,2-bis-[4-n-octyloxy benzoyl]-hydrazine (BABH8) were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. Spontaneous formation of hydrogen bond networks and smectic ordered clusters were obtained in these simulations. Furthermore, spontaneous segregation was observed in the simulations with the artificial binary system which was composed separately of BABH8 mesogen cores and alkyl tails. These results indicate that the BABH8 core and tails have a strong tendency to segregate and the smectic order formation is promoted by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding of the core hydrazine group. Connections between this segregation character and cubic phase formation were discussed.
Integrin αvβ6 Promotes an Osteolytic Program in Cancer Cells by Upregulating MMP2 (2014)

The molecular circuitries controlling osseous prostate metastasis are known to depend on the activity of multiple pathways, including integrin signaling. Here, we demonstrate that the αvβ6 integrin is upregulated in human prostate cancer bone metastasis. In prostate cancer cells, this integrin is a functionally active receptor for fibronectin and latency-associated peptide-TGF-β1; it mediates attachment and migration upon ligand binding and is localized in focal contacts. Given the propensity of prostate cancer cells to form bone metastatic lesions, we investigated whether the αvβ6 integrin promotes this type of metastasis. We show for the first time that αvβ6 selectively induces matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in vitro in multiple prostate cancer cells and promotes osteolysis in vivo in an immunodeficient mouse model of bone metastasis through upregulation of MMP2, but not MMP9. The effect of αvβ6 on MMP2 expression and activity is independent of androgen receptor in the analyzed prostate cancer cells. Increased levels of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), known to induce osteoclastogenesis, were also observed in αvβ6-expressing cells. However, by using MMP2 short hairpin RNA, we demonstrate that the αvβ6 effect on bone loss is due to upregulation of soluble MMP2 by the cancer cells, not due to changes in tumor growth rate. Another related αv-containing integrin, αvβ5, fails to show similar responses, underscoring the significance of αvβ6 activity. Overall, these mechanistic studies establish that expression of a single integrin, αvβ6, contributes to the cancer cell-mediated program of osteolysis by inducing matrix degradation through MMP2. Our results open new prospects for molecular therapy for metastatic bone disease.
Quantum Phenomena in High Energy Density Plasmas (2017)

The possibility of implementing efficient (phase matched) HHG upconversion of deep- UV lasers in multiply-ionized plasmas, with potentially unprecedented conversion efficiency is a fascinating prospect. HHG results from the extreme nonlinear response of matter to intense laser light:high harmonics are radiated as a result of a quantum coherent electron recollision process that occurs during laser field ionization of an atom. Under current support from this grant in work published in Science in 2015, we discovered a new regime of bright HHG in highly-ionized plasmas driven by intense UV lasers, that generates bright harmonics to photon energies >280eV
Shuttling of PINK1 between Mitochondrial Microcompartments Resolved by Triple-Color Superresolution Microscopy (2015)

The cytosolic phosphatase and tensin homologue Pten-kinase PINK1 involved in mitochondrial quality control undergoes a proteolytic process inside mitochondria. It has been suggested that the protein is not fully imported into mitochondria during this maturation. Here, we have established live cell triple-color super-resolution microscopy by combining FPALM and tracking and localization microscopy (TALM) in order to unravel the spatiotemporal organization of the C-terminal kinase domain of PINK1 during this process. We find that the kinase domain is imported into active mitochondria and colocalizes with respiratory complex I at the inner mitochondrial membrane. When the processing step inside mitochondria is inhibited or mitochondria are de-energized, full length PINK1 distributes between the outer and the inner mitochondrial membranes, indicating a holdup of import. These findings give the molecular base for a dual role of PINK1-inside energized mitochondria and outside of de-energized mitochondria.
Evidence for Two Soybean Looper Strains in the United States with Limited Capacity for Cross-Hybridization (2023)

The noctuid moth soybean looper (SBL), <i>Chrysodeixis includens</i> (Walker) is an economically important pest of soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) in the southeastern United States. It has characteristics that are of particular concern for pest mitigation that include a broad host range, the capacity for annual long-distance flight, and resistance in some populations to important pesticides such as pyrethroids and chitin synthesis inhibitor. The biology of SBL in the United States resembles that of the fellow noctuid fall armyworm (FAW), <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (J.E. Smith), a major pest of corn and several other crops. FAW exhibits a population structure in that it can be divided into two groups (host strains) that differ in their host preferences but are broadly sympatric and exhibit incomplete reproductive isolation. In this paper, strategies used to characterize the FAW strains were applied to SBL to assess the likelihood of population structure in the United States. Evidence is presented for two SBL strains that were defined phylogenetically and display differences in the proportions of a small set of genetic markers. The populations exhibit evidence of reproductive barriers sufficient to allow persistent asymmetry in the distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes. The identified molecular markers will facilitate studies characterizing the behaviors of these two populations, with relevance to pest mitigation and efforts to prevent further dispersal of the resistance traits.
Multiphoton Dissociation of Iron Carbonyls: Emission from Atomic Iron (1996)

Abstract The third harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser is used to photodissociate Fe(CO)3L, where L = C4H6 or C6H8. The resulting emission is analyzed and observed to originate from high lying states of atomic iron. Iron ions are concurrently produced at laser energies as low as 20 μJ pulse−1. The nature of the emission spectrum is dependent upon the total pressure and the nature of any added background gas. The photochemistry is analyzed using an RRKM treatment, which indicates that the absorption of two photons by Fe(CO)3L leads to production of FeL with a small excess energy. Ground state Fe production occurs upon absorption of an additional photon. In competition with this process would be the absorption of additional photons leading to the observed Fe atomic levels with “intermediate” energy. High energy states observed in the emission spectrum could be accessed by absorption of three photons by FeL. In all three reaction channels, the atomic states could be populated by multiple curve crossings. Such high levels of excitation are constant with the observation of J-independent populations in many of the electronic states and the absence of a Boltzmann temperature for the distribution of atomic iron electronic states.
A Novel High-Efficiency Three-Phase Multilevel PV Inverter With Reduced DC-Link Capacitance (2022)

In this article, we present a novel three-phase multilevel inverter (MLI) design for photovoltaic applications which does not require large dc-link capacitors to buffer the 120-Hz power ripple and allows individual inverter module to process trapezoidal power instead of sinusoidal power. This new design features two inverters connected in parallel to each dc source and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> inverters connected in series to each grid phase to support the grid voltage. The trapezoidal operation improves the overall system’s efficiency by allowing the inverter module to output peak or zero power for most of the ac cycle. We present the controller design and simulate the proposed MLI system in power electronics simulation software (PLECS). We demonstrate an experimental 110-V dc input, 208 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text{rms}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> three-phase ac output, and 1-kW five-level prototype with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula> 95% efficiency. With the same inverter module, we compare the efficiency of the proposed design to the conventional MLI design, where all modules share phase power evenly. We demonstrate that the proposed design consistently outperforms the conventional design in efficiency, with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula> 20% loss reduction at light load conditions.
Scanning Electron Microscope Observations on Tillandsia usneoides Scales (1970)

H. N. Mozingo, P. Klein, Y. Zeevi, E. R. Lewis, Scanning Electron Microscope Observations on Tillandsia usneoides Scales, Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, Vol. 89, No. 2 (Apr., 1970), pp. 259-263
Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Video Technique (2002)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY: Video Reviews: BPH, DIVERSION, KIDNEY/URETER, STONE DISEASE, URETHRA: VIDEO REVIEWS1 Jan 2002Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Video Technique Thomas W. Jarrett, andM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Thomas W. JarrettThomas W. Jarrett More articles by this author , and Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65485-7AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Video Technique." The Journal of Urology, 167(1), p. 438 © 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 167Issue 1January 2002Page: 438 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Thomas W. Jarrett More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of strained La-doped SrTiO3 films (2014)

The structural, optical, and room-temperature electrical properties of strained La-doped SrTiO3 epitaxial thin films are investigated. Conductive La-doped SrTiO3 thin films with concentration varying from 5 to 25% are grown by molecular beam epitaxy on four different substrates: LaAlO3, (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7, SrTiO3, and DyScO3, which result in lattice mismatch strain ranging from −2.9% to +1.1%. We compare the effect of La concentration and strain on the structural and optical properties, and measure their effect on the electrical resistivity and mobility at room temperature. Room temperature resistivities ranging from ∼10−2 to 10−5 Ω cm are obtained depending on strain and La concentration. The room temperature mobility decreases with increasing strain regardless of the sign of the strain. The observed Drude peak and Burstein-Moss shift from spectroscopic ellipsometry clearly confirm that the La addition creates a high density of free carriers in SrTiO3. First principles calculations were performed to help understand the effect of La-doping on the density of states effective mass as well as the conductivity and DC relaxation time.
Induction of Diverse Cryptic Fungal Metabolites by Steroids and Channel Blockers (2022)

Fungi offer a deep source of natural products but remain underutilized. Most biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that can be detected are silent or "cryptic" in standard lab cultures and their products are thus not interrogated in routine screens. As genetic alterations are difficult and some strains can only be grown on agar, we have herein applied an agar-based high-throughput chemical genetic screen to identify inducers of fungal BGCs. Using R. solani and S. sclerotiorum as test cases, we report 13 cryptic metabolites in four compound groups, including sclerocyclane, a natural product with a novel scaffold. Steroids were the best elicitors and follow-up studies showed that plant-steroids trigger sclerocyclane synthesis, which shows antibiotic activity against B. plantarii, an ecological competitor of S. sclerotiorum. Our results open new paths to exploring the chemical ecology of fungal-plant interactions and provide a genetics-free approach for uncovering cryptic fungal metabolites.
A 90nm CMOS DSP MLSD Transceiver with Integrated AFE for Electronic Dispersion Compensation of Multi-mode Optical Fibers at 10Gb/s (2008)

Multi-mode fibers (MMF) are typically used in LAN applications, in links which may reach or exceed 300 meters. Widespread use of electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) for MMF is prompted by the ratification of the 10GBASE-LRM standard. A number of studies have demonstrated the superiority of MLSD for this application. This paper describes an all-DSP single-chip 90nm CMOS MLSD-based EDC transceiver for MMF.
Utilization of a Tactical Grade FOG-Based Inertial Measurement Unit in Real-Time Downhole Surveying (2003)

Abstract Fiber optic gyroscopes (FOG) in an inertial navigation setup have been proposed as an alternative to magnetometer-based downhole surveying. The aim of this work is to study the applicability of a tactical-grade FOG-based inertial measurement unit (IMU) as complete surveying sensor for measurement-while-drilling processes downhole. Complete navigation solution for downhole applications was tested in laboratory conditions, indicating the usefulness of FOG-based IMUs as possible surveying sensors for directional drilling.
A comparison of all-ceramic restorative systems. (2002)

The list of manufacturers offering pressable systems continues to grow. Most new materials have similar compositions and properties. Recently, the area of pressable restorations has gone in a new direction with the introduction of "press to metal" technology. This approach is designed to take advantage of metal reinforcement and easily provide a reproducible all-porcelain margin to enhance esthetics and eliminate the "black line" from a metal margin.
Effect of Mixing Quality on NOx Emissions in Reheat Combustion of GT24 and GT26 Engines (2011)

Alstoms GT24 and GT26 engines feature a unique sequential combustion system [1, 2]. This system consists of a premixed combustor (called EV), which is followed by a high pressure turbine, a reheat combustor (called SEV) and a low pressure turbine (Figure 1). Recently improvements in NOx performance of the SEV have been demonstrated. Starting with relatively simple methods numerous design variants have been tested and down selected. Further down-selection has been done with methods of increased complexity. Overall a fast and cost effective development process has been assured. During the development process the variation coefficient and unmixedness measured and calculated for mixing only systems (CFD and water channel) has proven to be a reliable indicators for low NOx emissions for the real combustion system on atmospheric and high pressure test rigs. To demonstrate this a comparison of both quantities against NOx emissions is shown. The paper focuses on the NOx results achieved during this development and its relation to mixing quantities. Using this relation, together with a detailed understanding of the flow characteristic in the SEV burner, reductions in NOx emissions for GT24 and GT26 SEV burner and lance hardware can be reached using relatively simple methods.
Surface Spiral Parallel and Antiparallel Winding Designs for High Efficiency, Low Spatial Voltage Stress, and Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Systems (2018)

Surface spiral winding (SSW) has been demonstrated to achieve low skin and proximity effects copper losses, and low air-gap magnetic flux density in MHz, kW level inductive wireless power transfer systems. The dielectric losses are still the limiting factor to further improve the coil-to-coil efficiency. In addition, high spatial voltage stress between the first turn and the end turn limits the maximum transferable power due to the voltage breakdown. This paper develops alternative coil configurations to reduce the copper loss, the dielectric losses, and the spatial voltage stress. Through emulating SSW using copper tubing, the dielectric losses and the spatial electric field between adjacent turns are reduced simultaneously. Two surface spiral parallel winding designs are proposed to reduce the equivalent series resistance and improve the coil-to-coil transfer efficiency. A surface spiral antiparallel winding design is proposed to equalize dynamic voltage stress between adjacent turns and improve power scalability while maintaining high coil-to-coil transfer efficiency.
Cigarette-smoking effects on circadian rhythm parameters of blood pressure (2003)

Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate in a multicentric Italian study is used to investigate effects of smoking and of a family history of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in clinically healthy adults of both genders between 40 and 59 years of age. A higher 24-h rhythm-adjusted mean of systolic blood pressure is found in smokers having a positive family history of high blood pressure. The results of this chronobiologic investigation are reviewed in the context of relations between smoking and cardiovascular morbidity. It appears that the effect of smoking depends in part on interacting factors. The major factor in this context may well be the family history of BP insofar as the results of the study based on a considerable number of observations are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>