gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterizing environmental changes in Robust Optimization Over Time (2012)

Evolutionary dynamic optimization has been drawing more and more research attention, and yet most work in this area is focused on Tracking Moving Optimum (TMO), which is to optimize the current fitness function at any time point. Recently, we proposed a more practical way to solve dynamic optimization problems, which is referred to as Robust Optimization Over Time (ROOT). In ROOT, we are trying to find solutions whose performances are acceptable over more than one environmental state, i.e., fitness functions. Before any development of benchmarks or algorithms for ROOT, it is necessary to have some understanding of what aspects of an environment can change and more importantly how these changes influence the solving of ROOT problems. In this paper, we develop a number of measures which can be used to characterize and analyse the underlying changing environment in the framework of ROOT. We test these measures on several benchmark problem instances, and it is shown that these measures are able to differentiate different dynamics effectively and provide useful information about what kind of algorithms might or might not suit certain dynamic environments.
Ultra-efficient 10Gb/s hybrid integrated silicon photonic transmitter and receiver (2011)

Using low parasitic microsolder bumping, we hybrid integrated efficient photonic devices from different platforms with advanced 40 nm CMOS VLSI circuits to build ultra-low power silicon photonic transmitters and receivers for potential applications in high performance inter/intra-chip interconnects. We used a depletion racetrack ring modulator with improved electro-optic efficiency to allow stepper optical photo lithography for reduced fabrication complexity. Integrated with a low power cascode 2 V CMOS driver, the hybrid silicon photonic transmitter achieved better than 7 dB extinction ratio for 10 Gbps operation with a record low power consumption of 1.35 mW. A received power penalty of about 1 dB was measured for a BER of 10(-12) compared to an off-the-shelf lightwave LiNOb3 transmitter, which comes mostly from the non-perfect extinction ratio. Similarly, a Ge waveguide detector fabricated using 130 nm SOI CMOS process was integrated with low power VLSI circuits using hybrid bonding. The all CMOS hybrid silicon photonic receiver achieved sensitivity of -17 dBm for a BER of 10(-12) at 10 Gbps, consuming an ultra-low power of 3.95 mW (or 395 fJ/bit in energy efficiency). The scalable hybrid integration enables continued photonic device improvements by leveraging advanced CMOS technologies with maximum flexibility, which is critical for developing ultra-low power high performance photonic interconnects for future computing systems.
Effect of the surface condition of silicas with grafted monofunctional polyfluoroalkylsilanes on the adsorption of polar molecules (2013)

Lyophobized silicas containing relatively small numbers of grafted perfluorohexyl (1.1 nm−2) and perfluorobutyl (1.7 nm−2) groups are studied by means of gas chromatography, adsorption under static conditions, and IR spectroscopy. The results are compared to those obtained by us previously for a series of samples with dense polyfluoroalkyl monolayers (≥2.0 nm−2). Effects related to the influence of the grafting density and the size of fluorine-containing groups on the adsorption of polar compounds and the hydrophobicity of the surface are discussed.
Erratum. Engineering Glucose Responsiveness Into Insulin. Diabetes 2018;67:299–308 (2018)

In the above-mentioned article, several scientists were erroneously omitted from the acknowledgments section. The authors wish to acknowledge Hsuan-shen Chen, Huaibing He, Tina …
Two-Color Single Hybrid Plasmonic Nanoemitters with Real Time Switchable Dominant Emission Wavelength (2015)

We demonstrate two-color nanoemitters that enable the selection of the dominant emitting wavelength by varying the polarization of excitation light. The nanoemitters were fabricated via surface plasmon-triggered two-photon polymerization. By using two polymerizable solutions with different quantum dots, emitters of different colors can be positioned selectively in different orientations in the close vicinity of the metal nanoparticles. The dominant emission wavelength of the metal/polymer anisotropic hybrid nanoemitter thus can be selected by altering the incident polarization.
RADIAL ARTERY PRESSURE UNDERESTIMATES CENTRAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE DURING VASOPRESSOR THERAPY (1995)

Dorman, Todd; Rosenberg, Jeffrey; Balser, Jeffrey; Almog, Yaniv; Lipsett, Pamela; Breslow, Michael; Rosenfeld, Brian Author Information
Measurement of the droplet size distribution of a full cone nozzle (2010)

The droplet size distribution and the spray angle of a full cone nozzle are measured at varying differential pressures and volumetric flow rates. Due to the large diameter of the spray even at short running lengths a sheet of the spray is peeled out from the spray cone. The droplet size distributions are obtained by two different methods: fast-exposure-photography and laser diffraction analysis. The results are compared. The spray angle of the nozzle strongly influenced by the flow at the trumpet opening is calculated by the analysis of pictures recorded with a CCD camera. The nozzles characterized here are geometrically similar models of a nozzle used as the main sprayer in an industrial dust scrubber. Data are presented in non-dimensional relationships.
Solvent polarity tuning to enhance the crystallinity of 2D-covalent organic frameworks for visible-light-driven hydrogen generation (2022)

The higher the polarity or the hydrogen bond donor ability of the solvent, the more easily COFs crystallize, and the higher the COF crystallization, the higher the photocatalytic H 2 evolution.
Annular phased-array high-intensity focused ultrasound device for image-guided therapy of uterine fibroids (2006)

An ultrasound (US), image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) device was developed for noninvasive ablation of uterine fibroids. The HIFU device was an annular phased array, with a focal depth range of 30-60 mm, a natural focus of 50 mm, and a resonant frequency of 3 MHz. The in-house control software was developed to operate the HIFU electronics drive system for inducing tissue coagulation at different distances from the array. A novel imaging algorithm was developed to minimize the HIFU-induced noise in the US images. The device was able to produce lesions in bovine serum albumin-embedded polyacrylamide gels and excised pig liver. The lesions could be seen on the US images as hyperechoic regions. Depths ranging from 30 to 60 mm were sonicated at acoustic intensities of 4100 and 6100 W/cm2 for 15 s each, with the latter producing average lesion volumes at least 63% larger than the former. Tissue sonication patterns that began distal to the transducer produced longer lesions than those that began proximally. The variation in lesion dimensions indicates the possible development of HIFU protocols that increase HIFU throughput and shorten tumor treatment times.
Epigenetic differences in cytogenetically normal versus abnormal acute myeloid leukemia (2010)

In patients with AML, TSG methylation is more frequent in patients with normal karyotype than those with karyotypic abnormalities but does not confer independent prognostic information for patients with normal cytogenetics.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Subtyping Using the Biomarkers Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1A and Cytokeratin-81 Correlates with Outcome and Treatment Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;a+b) Bar graphs of the frequencies of application of adjuvant chemotherapy in primary resected cohorts (p-value a: 0.637, b: 0.548). Y-axis depicts total number of cases. c-f) Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival effects of IHC derived subtypes after stratification for adjuvant therapy. X-axis represents survival time (in days). P-values calculated by log rank test. Ticks indicating censored cases.&lt;/p&gt;
High baseline Tie1 level predicts poor survival in metastatic breast cancer (2019)

Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00979641, registration date 19-DEC-2008. The regional Ethics Committee: R08142M, registration date 18-NOV-2008.
Inverse Analysis of In-Cylinder Gas-Wall Boundary Conditions: Investigation of a Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coating for Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (2017)

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) applied to in-cylinder surfaces of a low temperature combustion (LTC) engine provide an opportunity for enhanced efficiency via two mechanisms: (i) positive impact on thermodynamic cycle efficiency due to combustion/expansion heat loss reduction, and (ii) enhanced combustion efficiency. Heat released during combustion increases the temperature gradient within the TBC layer, elevating surface temperature over combustion-relevant crank angles. Thorough characterization of this dynamic temperature “swing” at the TBC–gas interface is required to ensure accurate determination of heat transfer and the associated impact(s) on engine performance, emissions, and efficiencies. This paper employs an inverse heat conduction solver based on the sequential function specification method (SFSM) to estimate TBC surface temperature and heat flux profiles using sub-TBC temperature measurements. The authors first assess the robustness of the solution methodology ex situ, utilizing an inert, quiescent environment and a known heat flux boundary condition. The inverse solver is extended in situ to evaluate surface thermal phenomena within a TBC-treated single-cylinder, gasoline-fueled, homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. The resultant analysis provides crank angle resolved TBC surface temperature and heat flux profiles over a host of operational conditions. Insight derived from this work may be correlated with TBC thermophysical properties to determine the impact(s) of material selection on engine performance, emissions, heat transfer, and efficiencies. These efforts will guide next-generation TBC design.
Ultrahigh-Resolution Video as Basis of a Format-Agnostic Production System (2011)

In the future, new kinds of ultrahigh-resolution sensors and ultralarge displays will be available that will enable new production methods and immersive services in the home. At the Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI), a 6000 × 2000 (6k) pixels multicamera system (Omnicam) and a 7000 × 2000 pixels multiprojection system have been developed and different ultrahigh-resolution productions can already be viewed at the HHI's Tomorrow's immersive Media Experience (Time) Lab. The philosophy behind these activities is a “format agnostic” production system, which enables the merging of video signals from different sensors with different spatial and temporal resolution, such as from panorama cameras at 6k resolution and from high-speed cameras at high-definition resolution. Sophisticated three-dimensional image processing, in combination with appropriate metadata, will then allow combination of these different sources and subsequent extraction of sections from the complete image at a desired size and spatial/temporal resolution. This work will be continued within the Format-Agnostic Script-based Interactive Experience, a project of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme.
QUANTITATING IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (1996)

Cyclosporine (CsA) blocks T cell responses in vitro by inhibiting the phosphatase activity of calcineurin (CN) and thus preventing the activation of cytokine transcription. In the study presented here, we measured the extent of inhibition of these functions in the tissues of CsA-fed mice. Mice fed increasing doses of CsA were assessed for CsA blood and tissue levels, spleen cell CN activity, ex vivo spleen cell cytokine induction by A23187, and in vivo interferon-gamma induction during an allogeneic response. The CN activity of spleen homogenates and cell suspensions and the ex vivo cytokine responses of spleen cells from CsA-treated mice were inhibited with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) greater than 300 microg/L. The in vivo interferon-gamma response to an allogeneic ascites tumor was also inhibited by CsA treatment, with IC50s between 517 and 886 microg/L. The true IC50 for CsA in vivo may be even higher, as CsA levels in spleen and kidney were 4-fold higher than concomitant blood levels. We conclude that inhibition of CN activity by systemically administered CsA leads to a parallel reduction in cytokine gene induction in response to an allogeneic stimulus. In light of our previous clinical findings that therapeutic levels of CsA in renal transplant patients were associated with only partial inhibition of CN activity, these current results support the concept that partial CN inhibition can account for both the immunosuppression and the immunocompetence of CsA-treated patients.
NAD(P)H-dependent aldose reductase from the xylose-assimilating yeast Candida tenuis: Isolation, characterization and biochemical properties of the enzyme (1997)

During growth on d-xylose the yeast Candida tenuis produces one aldose reductase that is active with both NADPH and NADH as coenzyme. This enzyme has been isolated by dye ligand and anion-exchange chromatography in yields of 76%. Aldose reductase consists ofa single 43 kDa polypeptide with an isoelectric point of 4.70. Initial velocity, product inhibition and binding studies are consistent with a compulsory-ordered, ternary-complex mechanism with coenzyme binding first and leaving last. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) in d-xylose reduction at pH 7 is more than 60-fold higher than that in xylitol oxidation and reflects significant differences in the corresponding catalytic centre activities as well as apparent substrate-binding constants. The enzyme prefers NADP(H) approx. 2-fold to NAD(H), which is largely due to better apparent binding of the phosphorylated form of the coenzyme. NADP+ is a potent competitive inhibitor of the NADH-linked aldehyde reduction (Ki 1.5 microM), whereas NAD+ is not. Unlike mammalian aldose reductase, the enzyme from C. tenuis is not subject to oxidation-induced activation. Evidence of an essential lysine residue located in or near the coenzyme binding site has been obtained from chemical modification of aldose reductase with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The results are discussed in the context of a comparison of the enzymic properties of yeast and mammalian aldose reductase.
Monolithic and Two-Dimensional Integration of Silicon Photonic Microdisks With Microelectronics (2011)

A low-power silicon photonic disk resonator is monolithically and two-dimensionally integrated with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) electronics. The results show direct integration with established CMOS manufacturing lines without changing either the CMOS or the photonic process stack. Comparable results for each integration method show subpicojoule per bit modulation and the potential for further reductions. The analysis reveals that the process of integration does not limit the performance of photonic or electronic components, and clear steps to use smaller drivers to achieve sub-50 fJ/bit at 10 Gb/s operation are available.
Estimating focus and radial distances, and fault residuals from CD player sensor signals by use of a Kalman estimator (2004)

Optical cross coupling between focus and radial loops in compact disc players is a problem both in nominal operations, but also in detection of defects such as scratches and finger prints. Using a Kalman estimator with an internal reference, the actual focus and radial distances are estimated. The sensor inputs to the Kalman estimator are computed focus and radial distances and are found by solving the inverse problem of an optical model of the compact disc player. Two pairs of decoupled fault features are found based on the optical model, estimated and calculated focus and radial errors.
Imagerie champ proche THz continue sélective en polarisation (2009)

International audience
61.3: LED Light Source for RPTV Applications (2006)

Abstract A newly LED light source inclusive primary optics was developed with brightness levels suitable for future RPTV devices. Discussed are the crucial components for the performance of this LED package as the underlying chip technology, the suitable package design and the fitting primary optics. Presented as well are the benefits of using a LED light source in RPTV application.
A high spatial resolution mid-infrared spectroscopic study of the nuclei and star-forming regions in luminous infrared galaxies (2010)

We present a high spatial (diffraction-limited) resolution (∼03) mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic study of the nuclei and star-forming regions of four local luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) using T-ReCS on the Gemini South telescope. We investigate the spatial variations of the features seen in the N-band spectra of LIRGs on scales of ∼100 pc, which allow us to resolve their nuclear regions and separate the active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission from that of the star formation (SF). We compare (qualitatively and quantitatively) our Gemini T-ReCS nuclear and integrated spectra of LIRGs with those obtained with Spitzer IRS. Star-forming regions and AGNs show distinct features in the MIR spectra, and we spatially separate these, which is not possible using the Spitzer data. The 9.7 μm silicate absorption feature is weaker in the nuclei of the LIRGs than in the surrounding regions. This is probably due to the either clumpy or compact environment of the central AGN or young, nuclear starburst. We find that the [Ne ii]12.81 μm luminosity surface density is tightly and directly correlated with that of Paα for the LIRG star-forming regions (slope of 1.00 ± 0.02). Although the 11.3 μm PAH feature shows also a trend with Paα, this is not common for all the regions and the slope is significantly lower. We also find that the [Ne ii]12.81 μm/Paα ratio does not depend on the Paα equivalent width (EW), i.e., on the age of the ionizing stellar populations, suggesting that, on the scales probed here, the [Ne ii]12.81 μm emission line is a good tracer of the SF activity in LIRGs. On the other hand, the 11.3 μm PAH/Paα ratio increases for smaller values of the Paα EW (increasing ages), indicating that the 11.3 μm PAH feature can also be excited by older stars than those responsible for the Paα emission. Finally, more data are needed in order to address the different physical processes (age of the stellar populations, hardness and intensity of the radiation field, mass of the star-forming regions) affecting the energetics of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon features in a statistical way. Additional high spatial resolution observations are essential to investigating the SF in local LIRGs at the smallest scales and determining ultimately whether they share the same physical properties as high-z LIRGs, ULIRGs, and submillimiter galaxies and therefore belong to the same galaxy population.
Growth of hydrogenated Si clusters using a quadrupole ion trap (1995)

To investigate how stability of small Si clusters is affected by hydrogenation, SinH+xions (n=2–10) were grown from silane gas in a recently developed ion trap and the mass spectra were measured. Some compositions have been found to be particularly stable besides those already known for nonhydrogenated Si clusters such as Si6 and Si10. These clusters, Si5H10+, Si6H12+, and Si10H12–17+, are inferred to have the bulklike tetrahedrally coordinated structures whose dangling bonds are terminated by H atoms.
Two novel iterative joint frequency-offset and channel estimation methods for OFDMA uplink (2008)

We address joint estimation of frequency offsets and channel responses in OFDMA uplink. A cyclically equal-spaced, equal-energy interleaved pilot preamble is proposed by which two iterative estimators are developed. In the first estimator, we develop a modified SAGE (space alternating generalized expectation-maximization) method by incorporating multiuser interference cancellation in both time and frequency domains into the SAGE method. The proposed modified SAGE method yields a faster convergence rate, a better estimation performance, and a lower complexity than the existing conventional SAGE method from [10]. In the second method, we propose a very low complexity ad hoc method to replace the high complexity frequency offset estimator of the first method. The proposed ad hoc method is developed based on the time-domain characteristics of the pilot preamble and the frequency-domain power concentration property of OFDMA systems. It achieves almost the same estimation performance as the first proposed method but requires significantly lower complexity. Both proposed methods are not only better in estimation performance, convergence rate, and complexity, but also more robust to the number of active uplink users than the existing method while requiring only one OFDM training symbol and no restriction of the data subcarrier assignment scheme.
Mean squared error minimization for inverse moment problems (2012)

We consider the problem of approximating the unknown density $u\in L^2(Ω,λ)$ of a measure $μ$ on $Ω\subset\R^n$, absolutely continuous with respect to some given reference measure $λ$, from the only knowledge of finitely many moments of $μ$. Given $d\in\N$ and moments of order $d$, we provide a polynomial $p_d$ which minimizes the mean square error $\int (u-p)^2dλ$ over all polynomials $p$ of degree at most $d$. If there is no additional requirement, $p_d$ is obtained as solution of a linear system. In addition, if $p_d$ is expressed in the basis of polynomials that are orthonormal with respect to $λ$, its vector of coefficients is just the vector of given moments and no computation is needed. Moreover $p_d\to u$ in $L^2(Ω,λ)$ as $d\to\infty$. In general nonnegativity of $p_d$ is not guaranteed even though $u$ is nonnegative. However, with this additional nonnegativity requirement one obtains analogous results but computing $p_d\geq0$ that minimizes $\int (u-p)^2dλ$ now requires solving an appropriate semidefinite program. We have tested the approach on some applications arising from the reconstruction of geometrical objects and the approximation of solutions of nonlinear differential equations. In all cases our results are significantly better than those obtained with the maximum entropy technique for estimating $u$.
A Data Fusion System to Study Synchronization in Social Activities (2016)

As the world population gets older, the healthcare system must be adapted, among others by providing continuous health monitoring at home and in the city. The social activities have a significant role in everyone health status. Hence, this paper proposes a system to perform a data fusion of signals sampled on several subjects during social activities. This study implies the time synchronization of data coming from several sensors whether these are embedded on people or integrated in the environment. The data fusion is applied to several experiments including physical, cognitive and rest activities, with social aspects. The simultaneous and continuous analysis of four subjects cardiac activity and GPS coordinates provides a new way to distinguish different collaborative activities comparing the measurements between the subjects and along time.
Identification of Reversible Small Molecule Inhibitors of Endothelial Lipase (EL) That Demonstrate HDL-C Increase In Vivo (2020)

Endothelial lipase (EL) hydrolyzes phospholipids in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) resulting in reduction in plasma HDL levels. Studies with murine transgenic, KO, or loss-of-function variants strongly suggest that inhibition of EL will lead to sustained plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increase and, potentially, a reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Herein, we describe the discovery of a series of oxadiazole ketones, which upon optimization, led to the identification of compound <b>12</b>. Compound <b>12</b> was evaluated in a mouse pharmacodynamics (PD) model and demonstrated a 56% increase in plasma HDL-C. In a mouse reverse cholesterol transport study, compound <b>12</b> stimulated cholesterol efflux by 53% demonstrating HDL-C functionality.