gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Evaluation of Side-Arm-Alkylated Phosphametallocene Phosphines (2011)

Syntheses permitting the introduction of one or two methyl substituents at the sp3-hybridized carbon atom in the backbone of enantiopure 2-phospharuthenocenemethyl phosphines are presented. Preliminary Rh-catalyzed hydrogenations of enamides suggest that the interaction of the Cp* group with the side-arm methyl group lying endo to the phosphametallocene modifies enantioselectivity significantly with respect to the side-arm- unsubstituted analogue.
Solid State Imaging Techniques. New Design and Implementation of On Sensor Compression Chip Based on Pixel Parallel Architecture. (1997)

本論文では, イメージセンサ上での即時動画像圧縮のための新しいセンサの設計・試作について論じる.画像圧縮をセンサ上で実装するための2つの構成法 (画素並列, 列並列処理) を比較し, 画素並列処理に基づく新らしい設計, 試作を述べる.ここでは, レート制御, 有意画素の選択的読出しという圧縮に必要な機能がすべて実装されている.
Charge transport mechanisms in macro-scale CNT films (2018)

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) attract considerable attention due to their unique physical properties and potential application in optoelectronics. Despite of intensive studies there is still a lack of agreement in experimental data on electrical properties of the material. Here we report on extremely broad-band conductivity and dielectric permittivity spectra of macro-scale thin films composed of large number of randomly distributed pristine and p-doped CNTs of different length, measured in the frequency range 5 -24 000 cm -1 and at temperatures from 5 to 300 K. We show that terahertz-infrared spectra of the films are determined by response of delocalized charge carriers. Controversially to the existing experimental results we did not clearly observe the so-called terahertz conductivity peak. Yet, a weak bump-like feature in conductivity spectra around 30 cm -1 showed no signs of tube length dependence. We associate its origin with plasmonic excitation due to reflections of charge carrier plasma at the CNT intersections.
Polymer Analog Memristive Synapse with Atomic-Scale Conductive Filament for Flexible Neuromorphic Computing System (2019)

With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), memristors have received significant interest as a synaptic building block for neuromorphic systems, where each synaptic memristor should operate in an analog fashion, exhibiting multilevel accessible conductance states. Here, we demonstrate that the transition of the operation mode in poly(1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethyl cyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3)-based flexible memristor from conventional binary to synaptic analog switching can be achieved simply by reducing the size of the formed filament. With the quantized conductance states observed in the flexible pV3D3 memristor, analog potentiation and depression characteristics of the memristive synapse are obtained through the growth of atomically thin Cu filament and lateral dissolution of the filament via dominant electric field effect, respectively. The face classification capability of our memristor is evaluated via simulation using an artificial neural network consisting of pV3D3 memristor synapses. These results will encourage the development of soft neuromorphic intelligent systems.
Cobalt Phthalocyanine Immobilized on Graphene Oxide: An Efficient Visible‐Active Catalyst for the Photoreduction of Carbon Dioxide (2014)

New graphene oxide (GO)-tethered-Co(II) phthalocyanine complex [CoPc-GO] was synthesized by a stepwise procedure and demonstrated to be an efficient, cost-effective and recyclable photocatalyst for the reduction of carbon dioxide to produce methanol as the main product. The developed GO-immobilized CoPc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, XPS, Raman, diffusion reflection UV/Vis spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR, XPS, Raman, UV/Vis and ICP-AES along with elemental analysis data showed that Co(II) -Pc complex was successfully grafted on GO. The prepared catalyst was used for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide by using water as a solvent and triethylamine as the sacrificial donor. Methanol was obtained as the major reaction product along with the formation of minor amount of CO (0.82 %). It was found that GO-grafted CoPc exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than homogeneous CoPc, as well as GO, and showed good recoverability without significant leaching during the reaction. Quantitative determination of methanol was done by GC flame-ionization detector (FID), and verification of product was done by NMR spectroscopy. The yield of methanol after 48 h of reaction by using GO-CoPc catalyst in the presence of sacrificial donor triethylamine was found to be 3781.8881 μmol g(-1) cat., and the conversion rate was found to be 78.7893 μmol g(-1) cat. h(-1). After the photoreduction experiment, the catalyst was easily recovered by filtration and reused for the subsequent recycling experiment without significant change in the catalytic efficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF DERIVATIVES OF 1,2,3‐TRIPHENYLCYCLOPROPENE WITH IRON SALTS (1978)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Cyclopropens (I) mit Eisen(III)‐chlorid liefert in siedendem Ethanol das Cyclopropen (II) und ein Indenon (III).
Aging in a Dish: iPSC-Derived and Directly Induced Neurons for Studying Brain Aging and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases (2018)

Age-associated neurological diseases represent a profound challenge in biomedical research as we are still struggling to understand the interface between the aging process and the manifestation of disease. Various pathologies in the elderly do not directly result from genetic mutations, toxins, or infectious agents but are primarily driven by the many manifestations of biological aging. Therefore, the generation of appropriate model systems to study human aging in the nervous system demands new concepts that lie beyond transgenic and drug-induced models. Although access to viable human brain specimens is limited and induced pluripotent stem cell models face limitations due to reprogramming-associated cellular rejuvenation, the direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neurons allows for the generation of human neurons that capture many aspects of aging. Here, we review advances in exploring age-associated neurodegenerative diseases using human cell reprogramming models, and we discuss general concepts, promises, and limitations of the field.
A short region of its homeodomain is necessary for Engrailed nuclear export and secretion (1999)

Engrailed homeoprotein, a transcription factor involved in midbrain/hindbrain patterning, primarily localizes to the cell nucleus. However, significant amounts of the protein are also found in the cell cytoplasm or associated with membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingoglycolipids (Joliot, A., Trembleau, A., Raposo, G., Calvet, S., Volovitch, M. and Prochiantz, A. (1997) Development 124, 1865-1875). This non-nuclear localization, observed in vitro and in vivo, led us to investigate the possibility that Engrailed be transferred between nuclear and non-nuclear compartments. Monkey COS-7 cells expressing chick Engrailed-2 (cEN2) were fused with 3T3 mouse fibroblasts and the passage of cEN2 from COS-7 to 3T3 nuclei was followed in the interspecies heterokaryons. We find that, 10 minutes following cell fusion, cEN2 is detected in the 3T3 nuclei of 80% of the heterokaryons demonstrating rapid cEN2 nuclear export. Export from donor nuclei can be saturated and is strongly reduced after deletion of a 11 amino acid-long (&Dgr;)1 sequence present within a slightly larger domain that extends between helices 2 and 3 of the homeodomain and shows strong similarities with leucine-rich nuclear export signals (NES). This putative NES, when fused with a nuclear reporter protein, allows its nuclear export, demonstrating that it is not only necessary but also sufficient for nuclear export and can therefore be considered as a true nuclear export sequence. In an earlier report (Joliot, A., Maizel, A., Rosenberg, D., Trembleau, A., Dupas, S., Volovitch, M. and Prochiantz, A. (1998) Current Biology 8, 856-863), we demonstrated that the (&Dgr;)1 sequence is necessary for the access of cEN2 to the lumen of a membrane compartment and for its intercellular transfer. The present study thus strongly suggests that the regulation of Engrailed nuclear export could play a role not only in Engrailed transcriptional activity but also in its ability to gain access to a secretory compartment.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Substituted 4‐Aryl‐5‐pyridinylimidazoles: A New Class of Cytokine Suppressive Drugs with Low 5‐Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase Inhibitory Potency. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Composite Nanowire-Based Probes for Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (2005)

We present a nanowire-based methodology for the fabrication of ultrahigh sensitivity and resolution probes for atomic resolution magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM). The fabrication technique combines electrochemical deposition of multifunctional metals into nanoporous polycarbonate membranes and chemically selective electroless deposition of optical nanoreflector onto the nanowire. The completed composite nanowire structure contains all the required elements for an ultrahigh sensitivity and resolution MRFM sensor with (a) a magnetic nanowire segment providing atomic resolution magnetic field imaging gradients as well as large force gradients for high sensitivity, (b) a noble metal enhanced nanowire segment providing efficient scattering cross-section from a sub-wavelength source for optical readout of nanowire vibration, and (c) a nonmagnetic/nonplasmonic nanowire segment providing the cantilever structure for mechanical detection of magnetic resonance.
Generalized Sequential Tree-Reweighted Message Passing (2014)

This paper addresses the problem of approximate MAP-MRF inference in general graphical models.Following [36], we consider a family of linear programming relaxations of the problem where each relaxation is specified by a set of nested pairs of factors for which the marginalization constraint needs to be enforced.We develop a generalization of the TRW-S algorithm [9] for this problem, where we use a decomposition into junction chains, monotonic w.r.t.some ordering on the nodes.This generalizes the monotonic chains in [9] in a natural way.We also show how to deal with nested factors in an efficient way.Experiments show an improvement over min-sum diffusion, MPLP and subgradient ascent algorithms on a number of computer vision and natural language processing problems.
The Human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein induces a transcriptional repressor complex on the Toll-like receptor 9 promoter (2013)

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) and other oncogenic viruses have been reported to deregulate immunity by suppressing the function of the double-stranded DNA innate sensor TLR9. However, the mechanisms leading to these events remain to be elucidated. We show that infection of human epithelial cells with HPV16 promotes the formation of an inhibitory transcriptional complex containing NF-κBp50-p65 and ERα induced by the E7 oncoprotein. The E7-mediated transcriptional complex also recruited the histone demethylase JARID1B and histone deacetylase HDAC1. The entire complex bound to a specific region on the TLR9 promoter, which resulted in decreased methylation and acetylation of histones upstream of the TLR9 transcriptional start site. The involvement of NF-κB and ERα in the TLR9 down-regulation by HPV16 E7 was fully confirmed in cervical tissues from human patients. Importantly, we present evidence that the HPV16-induced TLR9 down-regulation affects the interferon response which negatively regulates viral infection. Our studies highlight a novel HPV16-mediated mechanism that combines epigenetic and transcriptional events to suppress a key innate immune sensor.
ChemInform Abstract: DI AND POLYALKALI METAL DERIVATIVES OF HETEROFUNCTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED ORGANIC MOLECULES (1977)

Abstract In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden die Herstellung und Umsetzungen von Di‐ und Polyalkalimetall‐Derivaten von Ketonen, β‐Ketoestern, Yliden, Carbonsäuren, Amiden, Imiden, Sulfonamiden, Sulfonen, Sulfoxiden, Nitrilen, Oximen, Hydrazonen, Azinen, Alkoholen, Thiolen, Äthern, Aminen und schwefelhaltigen Heterocyclen beschrieben.
Mesh network transport experiments using a distributed-distance circulating loop (2008)

We demonstrate long haul transmission in a circulating loop with impairment-constrained wavelength-assignment to channels simultaneously propagating over different circulation distances.
A Numerical Study of Flow Fields in a Branching Tube (2006)

An effective and reliable numerical method is developed to solve the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and to investigate fluid flows in three-dimensional branching tubes. The proposed numerical method is developed by the artificial compressible method. It uses a third-order upwind finite volume method to discretize convection terms and a second-order finite volume to discretize viscous terms. A diagonal dominated alternating direction implicit scheme (DDADI) coupling with an implicit residual smoothing is used to achieve a larger CFL number for time marching. The fluid flows in Y-shape and T-shape tubes are simulated. The effects of Reynolds number, branching flow ratio, branching angle, and corner type of branching tube on flow field behaviors are investigated. The vortex length and circulation zone are also discussed.
Model for a two‐cavity coating die with pressure and temperature deformation (2011)

Abstract Coating dies uniformly distribute liquid for application as a film to moving substrates using one or two cavities spanning the coating width and adjoining precision narrow slots of much higher resistance to flow. If the slots are deformed by the pressure of the liquid or by temperature gradients in the die bars, degradation in flow distribution can result. Consequently, dies are designed to be sufficiently stiff and are thermally jacketed to keep slot deformations within fabrication tolerances. To aid in design and operation, a model of low computational load is developed in which the flow and deformation analyses are directly coupled. Die deformation is modeled using classical beam theory taking account of the varying thickness of the bars due to cavity geometry. Two‐dimensional finite element analysis of die deformation gives marginally higher slot deformation. Three‐dimensional finite element analysis agrees with the two‐dimensional analysis except near the center of the die where the symmetry boundary condition reduces deformation. The effects of die geometry on deformation and flow distribution are illustrated. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Device Characterization of a Sulfur-Implanted p$^{++}$/p GaSb Photovoltaic Camel Diode (2020)

The implantation and rapid thermal annealing of sulfur (S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ) ions has previously been shown to be an effective method in non-epitaxially attaining hole carrier concentrations as high as 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> in gallium antimonide (GaSb). This technique was used to fabricate a photovoltaic diode by delta-doping the front surface of a p-type GaSb substrate and forming a p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">++</sup> /p junction. The steep potential created using this process is increased by strong Fermi level pinning at the metal/p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">++</sup> interface, resulting in a camel diode with a barrier height of 0.51 eV. A post-fabrication etch process succeeded in improving the short circuit current density to 41.8 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and the internal quantum efficiency to 90% by enhancing the carrier lifetime away from the front metal contact grid. Likewise, the open circuit voltage improved to 0.21 V, with an intrinsic fill factor above 40%. These results offer the potential of a significantly higher power output than similar non-epitaxial devices made on n-type GaSb substrates.
The experimental study of possibility for radar target detection in FSR using L1-based non-cooperative transmitter (2013)

The Forward Scatter Radar (FSR) system is a special case of bistatic radar. In such bistatic FSR, the receive and transmit antennas are fixed and directed at each other, so the target detection takes place when the baseline is crossed. This type of radar provides a countermeasure to stealth technology because in the area of the forward scatter effect the targets' RCS depends only on the size and the shape of their silhouette. Passive radars use transmitters of opportunity as signal source, and therefore they are very attractive due to their inherit low cost. The advantage of considering Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites as transmitters of opportunity is the high availability that these satellites offer. Anywhere on earth, around eight Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites are continuously in view. This provides an optimum scenario for implementation of a GNSS-FSR system. In this paper, some experimental results of a GPS-FSR system, where the signal at the output of the Carrier&Code tracking block is coherently integrated, are described and analyzed.
A new multi-lateral filter for real-time depth enhancement (2011)

We present an adaptive multi-lateral filter for real-time low-resolution depth map enhancement. Despite the great advantages of Time-of-Flight cameras in 3-D sensing, there are two main drawbacks that restricts their use in a wide range of applications; namely, their fairly low spatial resolution, compared to other 3-D sensing systems, and the high noise level within the depth measurements. We therefore propose a new data fusion method based upon a bilateral filter. The proposed filter is an extension the pixel weighted average strategy for depth sensor data fusion. It includes a new factor that allows to adaptively consider 2-D data or 3-D data as guidance information. Consequently, unwanted artefacts such as texture copying get almost entirely eliminated, outperforming alternative depth enhancement filters. In addition, our algorithm can be effectively and efficiently implemented for real-time applications.
Differential Localization of Glutathione‐S‐Transferase Yp and Yb Subunits in Oligodendrocytes and Astrocytes of Rat Brain (1989)

Glutathione-S-transferase Yb subunits were recently identified in rat brain and localized to astrocytes, ependymal cells lining the ventricles, subventricular zone cells, and tanycytes. Another isoform, Yp (pi family), was detected in rat brain by immunoblotting, and its mRNA was detected by Northern hybridizations. Double immunofluorescence localized Yb and Yp in different glial cells. The strongly Yp-positive cells were identified as oligodendrocytes by virtue of their arrangement in rows in white-matter tracts, colocalization in strongly carbonic anhydrase-positive cells, and association with myelinated tracts in the corpus striatum. Ependymal cells in the choroid plexus and ventricular lining were also strongly Yp positive, whereas Yb was not detected in the choroid plexus. The occurrence of Yp at low levels in astrocytes was indicated after immunostaining by a sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, which revealed weak staining of those cells in the molecular layer of the cortex. The data suggest that Yb and Yp subunits are primarily localized to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, respectively, and that both are absent from neurons. The glutathione-S-transferase in oligodendrocytes may participate in the removal of toxins from the vicinity of the myelin sheath. The finding of glutathione-S-transferases in ependymal cells and astrocytes in the brain also suggests that this enzyme could be a first line of defense against toxic substances.
Highly reliable and manufacturable in-line wafer-level hermetic packages for RF MEMS variable capacitor (2009)

In this paper, we report a thin-film encapsulation technology for wafer-level microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) variable capacitor package. The electrical characteristics of MEMS are adversely affected by moisture. In order to prevent moisture from permeating into a package, the top surface was protected with a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) SiN layer. The developed packages become a hybrid thin-film hermetic encapsulation consisting of an internal shell using PE-CVD SiO, a seal layer coating with resin, and an external protective layer formed by PE-CVD SiN. The process is fully compatible with standard low-cost back-end-of-the-line (BEOL) technologies for LSIs as a wafer-level package (WLP). This hybrid structure was very effective for protecting the MEMS device from external moisture. Moreover, the electrode surface area has to be wide, because a wide range of capacities is necessary in MEMS variable capacitors. We have developed a large (1480 times 1080 mum) hermetic thin-film encapsulation as WLP.
Information-theoretic co-clustering (2003)

Two-dimensional contingency or co-occurrence tables arise frequently in important applications such as text, web-log and market-basket data analysis. A basic problem in contingency table analysis is co-clustering: simultaneous clustering of the rows and columns. A novel theoretical formulation views the contingency table as an empirical joint probability distribution of two discrete random variables and poses the co-clustering problem as an optimization problem in information theory---the optimal co-clustering maximizes the mutual information between the clustered random variables subject to constraints on the number of row and column clusters. We present an innovative co-clustering algorithm that monotonically increases the preserved mutual information by intertwining both the row and column clusterings at all stages. Using the practical example of simultaneous word-document clustering, we demonstrate that our algorithm works well in practice, especially in the presence of sparsity and high-dimensionality.
Rapid surface topography using a tapping mode atomic force microscope (1999)

In an atomic force microscope (AFM), it is possible to scan at high speeds without sacrificing resolution if the imaging is accomplished by combining the rapidly varying signal from the vibrating cantilever, which indicates the detailed surface features, with the more slowly varying feedback control signal to the piezotube. Scanning speed in this case is limited by the fundamental resonance of the cantilever—not, as in conventional AFM, by the feedback bandwidth—and about 10 s is required to image a surface area of 21 μm2 for 512×512 scanning points.
Glenoid Cartilage Lesions Compromise Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Posterior Shoulder Instability (2020)

The only factor that jeopardized functional outcomes of posterior instability surgery was the presence of glenoid cartilage lesions. Knowing that shoulders with glenoid cartilage lesions are at greater risk of residual pain or instability could help manage patient expectation and justify faster intervention before lesions deteriorate.