gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Coupled Space Harmonics in Millimeter-Wave Overmoded Corrugated Structures with Finite and Infinite Length (2020)

The coupled space harmonics in a millimeter-wave overmoded corrugated structure with finite- and infinite-length are analyzed. For a comprehensive physics analysis, the electromagnetic modes constructing the coupled space harmonics are studied using simulated two- and three-dimensional field patterns in corrugated and smooth-walled structures with finite length based on electric and magnetic boundary conditions. Simulation results show that specific stopbands will emerge at all of the intersections between the dispersion curves of different TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0n</inf> , modes when considering infinite-length structures with corrugations. The number of split coupled harmonics with finite length will be increased. The dispersion relations of finite length structures are thus regrouped according to the stopbands and become the same shape as that of the infinite structure which is derived analytically. This provides a significant basis to clarify the electromagnetic characteristics for transferring the dispersion relations of finite length structures into infinite structures.
Analytical study of the plasmonic modes of a metal nanoparticle circular array (2008)

We analyze the plasmonic modes of a metal nanoparticle circular array. Closed-form solutions to the eigenmode problem are presented. For each polarization, the plasmonic mode with the highest quality is found to be in antiphase. The significant suppression of radiative loss can be understood as the cancellation of the dipolar radiation term in the radiative linewidth. The remaining finite radiative linewidth decreases exponentially as the number of particle increases.
Multiple tube premixing device (2023)

The present application provides a premixer for a combustor. The premixer may include a fuel plenum with a number of fuel tubes and a burner tube with a number of air tubes. The fuel tubes extend about the air tubes.
Anomalous local coordination, density fluctuations, and void statistics in disordered hyperuniform many-particle ground states (2011)

We provide numerical constructions of one-dimensional hyperuniform many-particle distributions that exhibit unusual clustering and asymptotic local number density fluctuations growing more slowly than the volume of an observation window but faster than the surface area. Hyperuniformity, defined by vanishing infinite-wavelength local density fluctuations, provides a quantitative metric of global order within a many-particle configuration and signals the onset of an "inverted" critical point in which the direct correlation function becomes long ranged. By targeting a specified form of the structure factor at small wavenumbers (S(k)~k(α) for 0<α<1) using collective density variables, we are able to tailor the form of asymptotic local density fluctuations while simultaneously measuring the effect of imposing weak and strong constraints on the available degrees of freedom within the system. This procedure is equivalent to finding the (possibly disordered) classical ground state of an interacting many-particle system with up to four-body interactions. Even in one dimension, the long-range effective interactions induce clustering and nontrivial phase transitions in the resulting ground-state configurations. We provide an analytical connection between the fraction of constrained degrees of freedom within the system and the disorder-order phase transition for a class of target structure factors by examining the realizability of the constrained contribution to the pair correlation function. Our results explicitly demonstrate that disordered hyperuniform many-particle ground states, and therefore also point distributions, with substantial clustering can be constructed. We directly relate the local coordination structure of our point patterns to the distribution of the void space external to the particles, and we provide a scaling argument for the configurational entropy (analogous to spin-frustated system) of the disordered ground states. By emphasizing the intimate connection between geometrical constraints on the particle distribution and structural regularity, our work has direct implications for higher-dimensional systems, including an understanding of the appearance of hyperuniformity and quasi-long-range pair correlations in maximally random strictly jammed packings of hard spheres.
J0102-2-3 Improvement of accuracy in contact problem by introducing a solid-solid interface for Eulerian hydrocode (2009)

In this study, we developed a new method for Eulerian hydrocode to represent a solid-solid stick interface in a voxel where multiple solids were included. In this method, individual velocity gradient tensor was assumed for each solid associated with normal vector of the contact area between solids, and determined by solving the equation of force balance on the contact area. We also investigated the accuracy of displacement around the contact area using a layered objects under shearing deformation, and compared the results with those of theoretical solutions and conventional Mixture theory. As the results, in the case that the contact area was on the voxel border, the displacement matched with the theoretical solution as well as the Mixture theory. However, in the case that the contact area was inside voxel, the displacement had still large error, which didn't derive from the individual velocity gradient tensor for each solid.
Detection of PD-L1 Expression in Temozolomide-Resistant Glioblastoma by Using PD-L1 Antibodies Conjugated with Lipid‑Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide (2021)

This is the first study to demonstrate that PDL1-SPIO can specifically target temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma with PD-L1 expression in the brain and can be quantified through MRI analysis, thus making it suitable for the diagnosis of PD-L1 expression in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma in vivo.
Abstract 2302: The pan-cancer regulator of the mutant TERT promoter and a new model of the GABP-TERT axis (2022)

Abstract Ninety percent of human tumors reactivate telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) to achieve cellular immortality. The route to immortality found in over 50 cancer types is mutation of the TERT promoter (TERTp) mutations. Studies in glioblastoma have shown the two most common TERTp mutations, G228A and G250A, reactivate TERT expression through de novo E26 transformation specific (ETS) site generation that, in tandem with a native TERTp ETS site, recruits the tetrameric GA-binding protein (GABP) complex formed by two GABP alpha (GABPA) subunits and two tetramer specific GABPB1 (B1) subunits, GABPB1L (B1L). While ten additional TERTp mutations have been described across cancer types, functional studies have been limited to select mutations and cancer types. We found that each de novo ETS motif generating TERTp mutation increases TERTp transcriptional activity in a GABP-dependent manner. Furthermore, our pan-cancer analysis demonstrated selective enrichment of GABPA at the mutant TERTp across 14 cancer types and further determined that this recruitment is necessary for TERT expression. Prior investigations found that CRISPR-cas9 mediated mutagenesis of the B1 ninth exon, specific to B1L, reduces TERT transcriptional activity in a TERTp-mutation dependent manner. We explored B1L targeting in the reversal of tumor cell immortality in several cancers. We found that the B1 dimer restricted isoform, GABPB1S (B1S), is consistently and significantly increased following B1L reduction, which we determined to be the consequence of a disengagement of a GABP tetramer mediated negative feedback loop acting on the B1 promoter. Interestingly, this upregulated B1S expression enables GABP dimer binding and activation of the mutant TERTp thereby compensating for B1L loss. Indeed, knockout of B1L and B1S together resulted in a near complete elimination of GABPA TERTp recruitment and a striking reduction in TERT expression, leading to telomere shortening and ultimately resulting in tumor cell death and senescence. This data identifies GABP as the master regulator of the mutant TERTp across cancer type and de novo ETS mutation type and suggests a new model of the GABP-TERT axis involving both the GABP tetramer, and the GABP dimer. Citation Format: Nicholas O. Stevers, Carter Barger, Olivia Lenzo, Chibo Hong, Katarzyna Soczek, Samuel H. Wu, Andrew M. McKinney, Abigail Suwala, Jennifer A. Doudna, Joseph F. Costello. The pan-cancer regulator of the mutant TERT promoter and a new model of the GABP-TERT axis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2302.
Smart Polymer Nanoparticles for High-Performance Water-Borne Coatings (2014)

Poly(butyl methacrylate) nanoparticles encapsulating a silica precursor, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), were synthesized by a two-step emulsion polymerization process. We show that TEOS remains mostly unreacted inside the nanoparticles in water but acts both as a plasticizer and cross-linker in films cast from the dispersions. The diffusion-enhancing plasticizing effect is dominant at annealing temperatures closer to the glass-transition temperature of the polymer, and sol-gel cross-linking reactions predominate at higher temperatures. By choosing an appropriate annealing temperature, we were able to balance polymer interdiffusion and silica cross-linking to obtain films with good mechanical properties and excellent chemical resistance. The hybrid cross-linked films produced from these novel "smart" nanoparticles can be used in water-borne environmentally friendly coatings for high-performance applications.
Suppression of NLRX1 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2020)

Cigarette smoke (CS) and viruses promote the inflammation and remodeling associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The MAVS/RIG-I–like helicase (MAVS/RLH) pathway and inflammasome-dependent innate immune pathways are important mediators of these responses. At baseline, the MAVS/RLH pathway is suppressed, and this inhibition must be reversed to engender tissue effects; however, the mechanisms that mediate activation and repression of the pathway have not been defined. In addition, the regulation and contribution of MAVS/RLH signaling in CS-induced inflammation and remodeling responses and in the development of human COPD remain unaddressed. Here, we demonstrate that expression of NLRX1, which inhibits the MAVS/RLH pathway and regulates other innate immune responses, was markedly decreased in 3 independent cohorts of COPD patients. NLRX1 suppression correlated directly with disease severity and inversely with pulmonary function, quality of life, and prognosis. In murine models, CS inhibited NLRX1, and CS-induced inflammation, alveolar destruction, protease induction, structural cell apoptosis, and inflammasome activation were augmented in NLRX1-deficient animals. Conversely, MAVS deficiency abrogated this CS-induced inflammation and remodeling. Restoration of NLRX1 in CS-exposed animals ameliorated alveolar destruction. These data support a model in which CS-dependent NLRX1 inhibition facilitates MAVS/RHL activation and subsequent inflammation, remodeling, protease, cell death, and inflammasome responses.
Comorbidity in Finnish migraine families (2006)

The objective of the study was to investigate comorbidity of migraine in Finnish migraine families. One thousand consecutive participants in the Finnish Migraine Gene Project reported their medical illnesses in addition to migraine and headache. Migraine patients (n=678) reported significantly more hypotension (OR 1.43, CI 95% 1.02-2.01), allergy (OR 1.83, CI 95% 1.34-2.51) and psychiatric disorders (OR 4.09, CI 95% 2.11-7.92) compared to their family members without migraine (n=322). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that especially women and the group fulfilling the criteria for both migraine with and without aura were likely to have additional disorders besides their migraine. Interestingly, male migraineurs with aura reported a significant association with stroke and epilepsy. Familial migraine is comorbid with hypotension, allergy and psychiatric disorders. The association between migraine with aura and stroke and epilepsy among men of the studied families warrants further study. Clinical, pathophysiological and genetic implications of these results are discussed.
CAUSES AND CONTROL OF SPINAL CORD INJURY IN AUTOMOTIVE CRASHES. IN: OCCUPANT AND VEHICLE RESPONSES IN ROLLOVERS (2004)

This chapter, on the causes and control of spinal cord injury in automotive crashes, is from a comprehensive textbook on occupant and vehicle responses in rollovers. The author first provides a detailed history of automotive safety (including the evolution of seatbelt use) and a review of biomedical research on human tolerance and occupant protection. The next section discusses current understandings of body kinematics and impact biomechanics that result in neck injury. The author offers perspective on the linkage between mechanical forces that are the cause and physiologic disruptions that are the consequence of spinal cord injury. A final section considers the public health aspects of injury and disability and the need for injury prevention.
Multi-Gateway Data Predistortion for Non-Linear Satellite Channels (2015)

Joint on-board amplification of multiple carriers reduces hardware and weight, enabling cost-efficient satellite architectures. However, on-board power amplification is inherently a non-linear operation and the distortion effects drastically increase when the high-power amplifier (HPA) is operated in multiple-carrier mode due to the generated inter-modulation products. In order to achieve the desired on-board power efficiency and to reduce the non-linear distortion, specific countermeasures need to be put in place. Emerging multi-gateway satellite systems where, in the most general case, each carrier is uplinked independently from a different gateway, would gain further flexibility by adopting a multicarrier architecture. While advanced predistortion techniques are already available for the single-gateway scenario, no solution has been proposed for the multi-gateway multicarrier scenario. In this work, we propose novel distributed predistortion techniques to improve spectral and power efficiency in multi-gateway non-linear satellite channels. Further, we analyze the multiple-carrier predistortion parameter estimation error with respect to noise sensitivity, proposing a robust version of the indirect learning method. Distributed processing becomes sensitive to synchronization amongst the actors, and we present an evaluation of the sensitivity of proposed techniques to imperfections.
Cooperative spectrum sharing via controlled amplify-and-forward relaying (2008)

We consider a spectrum sharing protocol in which a secondary system operates on the same spectrum as a primary system, without adversely affecting the rate of the primary system. The protocol comprises of a two-phase transmission. In the first phase, the primary transmitter transmits a primary signal to the primary receiver, which is also received at the secondary transmitter and receiver. The secondary transmitter amplifies the received primary signal and generates a linearly weighted combination of this signal and the secondary signal. The weight is a variable power allocation factor α (0 ⩽ α ⩽ 1). This composite signal is then broadcast in the second transmission phase. We analyze the achievable rates for the primary and secondary systems, and determine α such that the rate of primary system with this spectrum sharing protocol is no worse than that in the absence of the secondary system. We show that the spectrum sharing protocol can improve the rate of primary system by an appropriate choice of α, while at the same time achieve secondary spectrum access.
Multi-resolution multi-trial sparse classification model for decoding visual memories from hippocampal spikes in human (2017)

To understand how memories are encoded in the hippocampus, we build memory decoding models to classify visual memories based on hippocampal activities in human. Model inputs are spatio-temporal patterns of spikes recorded in the hippocampal CA3 and CA1 regions of epilepsy patients performing a delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task. Model outputs are binary labels indicating categories and features of sample images. To solve the super high-dimensional estimation problem with short data length, we develop a multi-trial, sparse model estimation method utilizing B-spline basis functions with a large range of temporal resolutions and a regularized logistic classifier. Results show that this model can effectively avoid overfitting and provide significant amount of prediction to memory categories and features using very limited number of data points. Stable estimation of sparse classification function matrices for each label can be obtained with this multi-resolution, multi-trial procedure. These classification models can be used not only to predict memory contents, but also to design optimal spatio-temporal patterns for eliciting specific memories in the hippocampus, and thus have important implications to the development of hippocampal memory prostheses.
S6K1 Alternative Splicing Modulates Its Oncogenic Activity and Regulates mTORC1 (2012)

Ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is a major mTOR downstream signaling molecule that regulates cell size and translation efficiency. Here, we report that short isoforms of S6K1 are overproduced in breast cancer cell lines and tumors. Overexpression of S6K1 short isoforms induces transformation of human breast epithelial cells. The long S6K1 variant (Iso-1) induced opposite effects. It inhibits Ras-induced transformation and tumor formation, while its knockdown or knockout induces transformation, suggesting that Iso-1 has a tumor-suppressor activity. Furthermore, we found that S6K1 short isoforms bind and activate mTORC1, elevating 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, cap-dependent translation, and Mcl-1 protein levels. Both a phosphorylation-defective 4E-BP1 mutant and the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin partially blocked the oncogenic effects of S6K1 short isoforms, suggesting that these are mediated by mTORC1 and 4E-BP1. Thus, alternative splicing of S6K1 acts as a molecular switch in breast cancer cells, elevating oncogenic isoforms that activate mTORC1.
METRO-3D: An Efficient Three-Dimensional Wafer Inspection Simulator for Next-Generation Lithography (2004)

Wafer inspection schemes for next-generation lithography (NGL) will play a key role in controlling defect mechanisms and maintaining an acceptable yield. Developing these wafer inspection schemes will require characterization and optimization of deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelength illumination at high numerical apertures (greater than 0.9) to detect defects that may be a fraction of the design rule. Using wafer inspection test benches that provide the flexibility for various illumination polarizations, numerical apertures, scanning, or full-field schemes can be extremely costly; therefore, simulation of these schemes is necessary to characterize the various detection parameters. To model defects for NGL, three-dimensional (3-D) simulation tools will be required to simulate highly absorptive material in the environment of shorter wavelength illumination. Also, the simulator will be required to simulate high numerical aperture (NA) inspection schemes to capture small defects. With the development of METRO-3D, a 3-D simulation tool that rigorously solves the EM field on arbitrary wafer topographies, we are able to model and characterize the wafer inspection schemes for NGL. We will present simulation results from METRO-3D for various wafer inspection schemes, including high NA schemes, on NGL topographies with highly absorptive materials.
Correspondence: Quantitative evaluation of X-ray dark-field images for microcalcification analysis in mammography (2016)

Correspondence: Quantitative evaluation of X-ray dark-field images for microcalcification analysis in mammography
Enhanced optical absorption in nanopatterned silicon thin films with a nano-cone-hole structure for photovoltaic applications (2011)

In this paper, the optical properties of the silicon nano-cone-hole (NCH) structure array are studied. The ultimate efficiency of the optimized NCH array is enhanced by 23.11% compared to an optimized nanohole array of the same thickness. The absorptance enhancement of the NCH arrays is attributed to its lowered reflectance, more supported resonant modes, and enhanced mode interaction. The angular dependence of ultimate efficiency is also investigated.
Static analysis for optimizing big data queries (2017)

Query languages for big data analysis provide user extensibility through a mechanism of user-defined operators (UDOs). These operators allow programmers to write proprietary functionalities on top of a relational query skeleton. However, achieving effective query optimization for such languages is extremely challenging since the optimizer needs to understand data dependencies induced by UDOs. SCOPE, the query language from Microsoft, allows for hand coded declarations of UDO data dependencies. Unfortunately, most programmers avoid using this facility since writing and maintaining the declarations is tedious and error-prone. In this work, we designed and implemented two sound and robust static analyses for computing UDO data dependencies. The analyses can detect what columns of an input table are never used or pass-through a UDO unchanged. This information can be used to significantly improve execution of SCOPE scripts. We evaluate our analyses on thousands of real-world queries and show we can catch many unused and pass-through columns automatically without relying on any manually provided declarations.
Scintillation properties of GSO (1990)

The timing properties of Gd/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Ce (GSO) single-crystal scintillators have previously been evaluated for positron emission tomography applications. The measured time resolution, however, was worse than expected from calculations based on photoelectron yield and a 60-ns exponential decay constant, leading the authors to further investigate GSO's basic properties. With a time-correlated-single-photon technique, they found two decay components, one of 56 ns and one of 600 ns, the latter containing 10-15% of the total scintillation output. This may explain the difference between the experimental and theoretical time resolutions and confirms a previous hypothesis of a long decay component. In addition, it was found that the decay constant of each component strongly depends on the cerium concentration. The primary component varies from approximately 20 ns to approximately 190 ns and the secondary component varies from approximately 70 ns to approximately 1200 ns as the cerium concentration is varied from 5.0 mol.% to 0.1 mol.%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>