gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Selective Adsorptions of Metals on Mesoporous NH2-MCM-41 (2016)

The adsorption selectivity of NH2-MCM-41 follows the Irving-William order observed in transition metal complexes (i.e., Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+) that is consistent with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and adsorption thermodynamics data. The interplays between surface aminopropyl ligands and the transition metals are adequately explained by the Pearson HSAB principle, but a multicomponent Freundlich adsorption model based on the single component adsorption data gives a more accurate prediction and description of the metal adsorptions from binary, ternary and quaternary solutions at different pHs and from complex water sources (i.e., tap water, runoff water, and seawater) that contained myriad humic substances, dissolved minerals, and various anions.
Ahorrar: Indoor Occupancy Counting to Enable Smart Energy Efficient Office Buildings (2016)

Office buildings have a vast carbon footprint from the energy consumed for heating/cooling, ventilation (HVAC) and lighting. The basic limitation in becoming more energy efficient is in the management of these operations. In particular, the ventilation has been the "holy grail" in building operations and occupancy based control of ventilation can lead to sizeable reduction in energy use. However, building occupancy sensors. generally, report presence or not of occupants and not actual numbers of occupants in the different building zones rather than real occupancy numbers. Hence, ventilation is set to expected, rather than actual, occupancy levels leading to very inefficient building operation. None of the available occupancy based solutions for building automation fully meet the needs of maintenance free adequate accurate occupancy estimation at sufficiently low cost. In this paper, we present Ahorrar, a framework that uses sustainable techniques to inform the occupancy levels in HVAC zone to the building automation system (BAS). Using existing infrastructure and capabilities of consumer devices, Ahorrar can use participatory sensing to compute a real time occupant distribution map within the office building and enable energy saving without additional hardware. In this position paper, we present the building blocks of Ahorrar and the research results that can support the implementation of a sufficiently accurate occupancy mapping system.
Model for the calculation of the radar cross section of wake vortices of take-off and landing airplanes (2012)

A new model has been developed for the calculation of the radar cross section and the power backscattered by wake vortices of take-off and landing airplanes in order to better understand the physical mechanisms involved, to compare with the measurements that will be performed in X-band by Thales during the SESAR P12.2.2 project and to prepare inputs for testing a Wake Vortex Advisory System. The model contains a first part that simulates the evolution of the vortex in stratified atmosphere, using simplified 2D fluid mechanics equations and uses the pressure, temperature and humidity for the calculation of the difference between the dielectric permittivity of the clear air and of the wake vortex. The second part calculates the power backscattered by the dielectric permittivity gradients in the vortex. The input parameters describe the atmosphere as well as the airplane of interest. Simulation results have been compared with results published in the literature, when all the input parameters are available.
Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO2 Reduction with Heterogeneous Catalysts (2020)

Abstract The simultaneous mitigation of CO 2 emissions and direct generation of value‐added chemicals has motivated research in solar‐driven electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Here, devices incorporating heterogeneous catalysts that operate under bias‐free aqueous conditions are categorized and compared, encompassing photoelectrochemical (PEC), photovoltaic‐electrochemical (PV‐EC), and combined approaches (PV‐PEC). The best‐performing PEC systems are currently those based on integrated photoelectrodes featuring protective layers. However, the highest overall performances in terms of current density and solar‐to‐carbon efficiency are exhibited by PV‐EC cells that make use of gas‐fed flow cell technology. The advantages of individual components in each device type are assessed to provide future directions for research in solar‐driven CO 2 reduction.
Induced fit in synthetic receptors: nucleotide base recognition by a molecular hinge (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInduced fit in synthetic receptors: nucleotide base recognition by a molecular hingeAndrew D. Hamilton and Donna Van EngenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 16, 5035–5036Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00250a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00250a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views909Altmetric-Citations228LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Ferret and Pig Models of Cystic Fibrosis: Prospects and Promise for Gene Therapy (2015)

Large animal models of genetic diseases are rapidly becoming integral to biomedical research as technologies to manipulate the mammalian genome improve. The creation of cystic fibrosis (CF) ferrets and pigs is an example of such progress in animal modeling, with the disease phenotypes in the ferret and pig models more reflective of human CF disease than mouse models. The ferret and pig CF models also provide unique opportunities to develop and assess the effectiveness of gene and cell therapies to treat affected organs. In this review, we examine the organ disease phenotypes in these new CF models and the opportunities to test gene therapies at various stages of disease progression in affected organs. We then discuss the progress in developing recombinant replication-defective adenoviral, adeno-associated viral, and lentiviral vectors to target genes to the lung and pancreas in ferrets and pigs, the two most affected organs in CF. Through this review, we hope to convey the potential of these new animal models for developing CF gene and cell therapies.
Differential Use of Partial Nephrectomy for Intermediate and High Complexity Tumors May Explain Variability in Reported Utilization Rates (2013)

Surgeon and tumor factors contribute significantly to the choice of partial nephrectomy. The significant variation in partial nephrectomy use by individual surgeons appears to be caused by differential treatment for intermediate and high complexity tumors. This may be due to surgical volume, training, setting and the use of minimally invasive techniques.
Extraction of DNA from Malaria-Infected Erythrocytes Using Isotachophoresis (2011)

We demonstrate a technique for purification of nucleic acids from malaria parasites infecting human erythrocytes using isotachophoresis (ITP). We release nucleic acids from malaria-infected erythrocytes by lysing with heat and proteinase K for 10 min and immediately, thereafter, load sample onto a capillary device. We study the effect of temperature on lysis efficiency. We also implement pressure-driven counterflow during ITP extraction to extend focusing time and increase nucleic acid yield. We show that the purified genomic DNA samples are compatible with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and demonstrate a clinically relevant limit of detection of 0.5 parasites per nanoliter using quantitative PCR.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Fullerene‐Like Inorganic Compound Fabricated by the Sonolysis of an Aqueous Solution of TlCl3. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monoclonal antibody AG7 inhibits fertilization post sperm‐zona binding (1992)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against sperm cells are currently being used in an effort to define spermatozoal antigens involved in the fertilization process. We have produced a number of anti-human sperm mAbs by immunization of female mice with the 100,000 x g supernatant of octylglycoside-solubilized washed human sperm. From a panel of mAbs, 1 antibody, AG7, was selected and characterized due to its fertilization-inhibiting characteristics. MAb AG7 defines a sperm acrosome antigen-1 (SAA-1) located in the acrosomal region of human sperm as evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence. Staining of life sperm cells indicated that the antigen is present on the sperm surface. SAA-1 was also found on sperm of several other mammalian species, implying evolutionary conservation of the antigen. SAA-1 was first observed on testicular sperm and can be followed through epididymal transit, ejaculation, and capacitation. When applied in a mouse in vitro fertilization assay, mAb AG7 inhibits fertilization by greater than 95%, and inhibition is dose dependent, with half-maximal inhibition at 0.8 micrograms/ml. The block to fertilization could not be attributed to sperm agglutination, inhibition of motility, interference with adhesion to the zona pellucida, or inhibition of fusion with the oocyte membrane. MAb AG7 was demonstrated to inhibit calcium influx in spermatozoa in vitro (measured using the fluorescent indicator fura 2), a prerequisite for the acrosome reaction. Initial biochemical characterization of the antigen suggests it is proteinlike in nature, with a molecular weight of approximately 220 kD. The results suggest that SAA-1, identified by mAb AG7, is a sperm antigen crucially involved in the fertilization process, possibly an atypical steroid receptor or ion channel located within the sperm plasma membrane.
A model for filtered backprojection reconstruction artifacts due to time-varying attenuation values in perfusion C-arm CT (2011)

Filtered backprojection is the basis for many CT reconstruction tasks. It assumes constant attenuation values of the object during the acquisition of the projection data. Reconstruction artifacts can arise if this assumption is violated. For example, contrast flow in perfusion imaging with C-arm CT systems, which have acquisition times of several seconds per C-arm rotation, can cause this violation. In this paper, we derived and validated a novel spatio-temporal model to describe these kinds of artifacts. The model separates the temporal dynamics due to contrast flow from the scan and reconstruction parameters. We introduced derivative-weighted point spread functions to describe the spatial spread of the artifacts. The model allows prediction of reconstruction artifacts for given temporal dynamics of the attenuation values. Furthermore, it can be used to systematically investigate the influence of different reconstruction parameters on the artifacts. We have shown that with optimized redundancy weighting function parameters the spatial spread of the artifacts around a typical arterial vessel can be reduced by about 70%. Finally, an inversion of our model could be used as the basis for novel dynamic reconstruction algorithms that further minimize these artifacts.
Reactivation of Suppressed RhoB is a Critical Step for the Inhibition of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Growth (2009)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive form of the disease for which new therapeutic options are desperately needed. Previously, we showed that the high-affinity peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist, RS5444, inhibits cell proliferation of ATC cells via induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) (p21). We show here that up-regulation of RhoB is a critical step in PPARgamma-mediated activation of p21-induced cell stasis. Using multiple independently derived ATC cell lines, we found that treatment with RS5444 leads to the up-regulation of RhoB and subsequent activation of p21, and that silencing of RhoB by RNAi blocks the ability of RS5444 to induce p21 and to inhibit cell proliferation. Our results show that transcriptional regulation of RhoB by the nuclear transcription factor PPARgamma is responsible for the induction of p21 mRNA and protein. We further implicate RhoB as a key signaling effector for the growth inhibition of ATC, as treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor shown to increase RhoB expression in lung cancer cells caused the up-regulation of RhoB in ATC cells accompanied by increased expression of p21 and inhibition of cell proliferation; this effect occurred even in ATC cells that were unresponsive to RS5444 due to a lack of expression of PPARgamma. Our results implicate RhoB as a novel intermediate in critical signaling pathways and as an additional target for therapeutic intervention in ATC.
Bead-Based Multiplex Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Antibodies to African Swine Fever Virus and Classical Swine Fever Virus (2019)

African swine fever (ASF) and Classical swine fever (CSF) are both highly contagious diseases of domestic pigs and wild boar. In the last years, several cases of both diseases have been reported in the Caucasus, Russian Federation and Eastern Europe. Thus, the probability of encountering these two viruses in the same area is increasing. Since differentiation by clinical or post-mortem examination is not possible, laboratory tools for differential diagnosis are required. In the present work, we have developed a triplex bead-based assay using some of the most immunogenic antigens of each virus, for the simultaneous detection of antibodies; i.e. the VP72 and VP30 of ASF virus (ASFV) and the E2 protein of CSF virus (CSFV). The assay was firstly set up and optimized using well characterized reference serum samples specific for each pathogen. Then, a panel of 352 sera from experimentally infected animals with either ASFV or CSFV were analyzed in the multiplex assay. A collection of 253 field negative sera was also included in the study. The results of the multiplex analysis were compared to those obtained by two commercially available ELISAs for detection of antibodies against ASFV or CSFV, and considered in this study as the reference techniques. The data obtained showed values of 97.3% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity for detection of antibodies to ASFV and 95.7% of sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for detection of antibodies to CSFV. This multiplex assay allows the simultaneous and differential detection of antibodies against ASFV and CSFV, providing a valuable tool for surveillance studies. Moreover, this method is rather versatile, offering the possibility of increasing the panel of antigens from other swine diseases that could be of interest for a differential diagnosis along with ASF and CSF.
Characterization of cylindrical ultrasonic transducers using acoustic holography (2011)

We present the results of studying the vibrational velocity distribution over the surface of cylindrical ultrasound transducers by acoustic holography. We describe two approaches for acoustic holography: the spatial spectrum method and the Rayleigh integral method. In the case of cylindrical sources the spectral method has a specific feature in comparison to the case of quasi-plane sources: small-scale spectrum components having the form of evanescent (nonpropagating) waves near the source, turn into propagating waves at a certain distance from the source. The use of such a mixed type of waves makes it possible to increase the holographic resolution. To conduct holography of cylindrical sources by the Rayleigh integral method, a modification consisting in the superimposing of boundaries on the integration region is proposed. We present the results of numerical simulation and physical experiments on holography of small cylindrical piezoelectric transducers. We demonstrate that the proposed methods of holography make it possible to recover the vibration structure of source surfaces up to order of the wavelength scales.
Performance comparison of CSI acquisition schemes for LTE-Advanced based 3D MIMO system (2015)

This paper investigates channel state information (CSI) acquisition schemes for LTE-Advanced based 3D MIMO systems. Three different CSI acquisition schemes are introduced and compared with a system-level simulation. Simulation results for the 3D-UMi scenario show that the proposed scheme, i.e., stepwise CSI acquisition scheme based on beamformed CSI-reference signal (RS), achieves either similar or better performance compared to the other CSI acquisition schemes, i.e., non-precoded CSI-RS based scheme and beamformed CSI-RS based scheme with joint selection. The results also show that the proposed scheme is beneficial especially when the number of antennas at a base station (BS) is large. The feasibility of standardization support for these schemes is also analyzed in multiple aspects, e.g., overhead of downlink RS and CSI feedback, system complexity.
Optimal Adaptation Methods and Class of Operation: Keys to Improving Feedforward Amplifier Power Efficiency (2005)

This paper studies the influences of two new adaptation methods and the class of main amplifier operation on the achievable power efficiency of the feedforward amplifier under typical design constraints. These two influences are weak for a two-tone driving signal, but they interact powerfully for a real-life high-stress signal, leading to optimal designs involving Class AB or even Class B main amplifiers, depending on the required output linearity. Assuming a code-division multiple-access signal, typical MESFETs, and an output linearity commonly used in mobile systems design, the new adaptation methods allowed relative efficiency improvements of 21% and 36% using main amplifiers biased near Class B and at Class B, respectively.
The xanthate route to organofluorine derivatives. A brief account (2016)

The present account summarises routes to organofluorine derivatives based on the chemistry of xanthates developed in the author's laboratory. It concerns mostly radical pathways, but a few ionic transformations are also discussed. The degenerative reversible transfer of xanthates allows radical addition even to unactivated alkenes and tolerates numerous functional groups, in particular common polar groups such as ketones, esters, amides, carbamates, nitriles etc. Since the fluorine atoms can be placed on the alkene or the xanthate partner or on both, this opens a convergent approach to a vast array of otherwise inaccessible organofluorine structures that could be of interest to the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries and to materials science.
Ultra-compact electromagnetic wave sensor featuring electro-optics polymer infiltrated one-dimensional photonic-crystal-slotted waveguide (Conference Presentation) (2017)

An ultra-compact Electro-Magnetic (EM) Wave Sensor working at 14GHz is designed and demonstrated experimentally. The sensor is based on electro-optics (EO) modulation and therefore has several important advantages over conventional electrical RF sensors including compact size and immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed sensor contains a set of bowtie antenna and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure with one arm of slow-light enhanced EO polymer infiltrated one dimensional (1D) photonic crystal slotted waveguide and the other arm of silicon strip waveguide with tooth. To minimize the RC delay as well as the electrical connection between the two bowtie antenna, the innovative silicon tooth design are applied for both arms of the MZI respectively so that the device can be operated at 14Ghz. The bowtie antenna concentrates electrical field of the impinging wireless EM wave at its designed frequency of 14Ghz and applies it onto the EO polymer filled slot for modulating phase of the guided optical wave. By combining the effect of strong slow light effect of the slotted PCW, high field enhancement of the bowtie antenna, and also large EO coefficient of the EO polymer(r33=135pm/V), the device is only 4.6mmX4.8mm in size with active region of 300μm and has minimum detectable electromagnetic power density as low as 27 mW/m2.
Recent Advances in Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology: Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Mucosal Defense and Ulcer Healing. (2001)

The defense mechanism of the gastrointestinal mucosa against aggressive factors, such as hydrochloric acid, bile acid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, mainly consists of functional, humoral and neuronal factors. Mucus-alkaline secretion, mucosal microcirculation, and motility act as functional factors, while prostaglandins and nitric oxide act as humoral factors, and capsaicin sensitive sensory neurons act as neuronal factors. All the above factors are known to contribute to mucosal protection. In recent years, heat shock proteins (HSPs), to include HSP70, have been implicated to be an additional factor utilized for the defense mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa at the intracellular level. The expression of HSP70 and HSP47 markedly changes during the development and healing of chronic gastric ulcers in rats. It was revealed that HSC70 (a constitutive form of HSP70) is coprecipitated with cyclooxygenase-1 and the neuronal form of nitric oxide synthase after treatment with a mild irritant (20% ethanol). A positive relationship between enhanced interaction of HSC70 with either cyclooxygenase-1 or nitric oxide synthase and mucosal protection against a strong irritant (100% ethanol) was observed. It was concluded that HSPs might contribute to mucosal defense mechanisms and ulcer healing, most probably through protecting key enzymes related to cytoprotection.
20GHz CMOS distributed voltage controlled oscillators with frequency tuning by MOS varactors (2009)

The feasibility of using standard 0.18 mum CMOS technology for low cost wideband monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) at ~20 GHz is demonstrated. Two monolithically integrated distributed oscillators with n-FET gain cells are designed having four and three stages respectively, Coplanar waveguides used as the on-chip inductive elements. MOS Varactors are employed to tune the frequency, a new study for distributed VCOs. Simulated results indicate that the 4-stage D-VCO is oscillating at 20.02 GHz and tuned up to 20.23 GHz (tuning of 210 MHz) where as the frequency of the 3-stage D-VCO is 20.46 GHz and tuned up to 21.03 GHz (tuning of 570 MHz). The change in output power level with tuning is ~1.5 dBm in 4-stage and ~2 dBm in 3-stage designs. These D-VCOs are also compared with measured results of previously reported D-VCOs.