gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifrequency excitation of a clamped–clamped microbeam: Analytical and experimental investigation (2016)

Using partial electrodes and a multifrequency electrical source, we present a large-bandwidth, large-amplitude clamped-clamped microbeam resonator excited near the higher order modes of vibration. We analytically and experimentally investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the microbeam under a two-source harmonic excitation. The first-frequency source is swept around the first three modes of vibration, whereas the second source frequency remains fixed. New additive and subtractive resonances are demonstrated. We illustrated that by properly tuning the frequency and amplitude of the excitation force, the frequency bandwidth of the resonator is controlled. The microbeam is fabricated using polyimide as a structural layer coated with nickel from the top and chromium and gold layers from the bottom. Using the Galerkin method, a reduced order model is derived to simulate the static and dynamic response of the device. A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental data are reported.
An Evaluation of Crankshaft Bending Rigidity Using Finite Element Analysis (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In the current scenario of automotive industries, designers are focusing on the development of lightweight, compact and high pressure engines. This demands downsizing of the engine components without compromising its strength. Crankshaft design is crucial in deciding the engine efficiency along with higher strength to weight ratio. Hence, the precise knowledge on crankshaft bending and torsion rigidity is required at design stage. This greatly influences on life performance of crankshaft, engine block and bearing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The study aims at a) Evaluation of crankshaft bending rigidity by Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and its experimental validation, b) Study the effect of crankshaft orientation on bending rigidity and c) Evaluate most critical geometric parameters of the crankshaft (Crankpin and Journal diameter, Pin and Journal width, Throw, Web thickness and Web width) and their quantitative contribution to bending rigidity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;For six cylinder automotive crankshafts, bending rigidity is evaluated by both FEA and experimental method. Bending rigidity values evaluated by FEA correlates very well with those calculated by experimental methods. This study has shown that, six cylinder crankshaft is having highest rigidity when pin 1 and 6 are on top and lowest rigidity when pin 3 and 4 are on top. From this study major critical geometric parameters and their quantitative contribution to bending rigidity is evaluated. Pin diameter and journal diameter are major positive contributors while throw is major negative contributor to crankshaft bending rigidity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Pulse-induced resistive and capacitive switching in TiO2 ReRAM (2013)

In this study, we provide the experimental evidence of the coexistence of resistive and capacitive features in nanoscale TiO2 based solid state Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM). Biasing the devices with voltage sweeps exhibits non-zero crossing I-V characteristics, serving as a signature of capacitive effects. Here, we show that both resistive and capacitive states can be concurrently set via voltage pulsing.
Neutralizing effect by resin-based materials containing silane-coated glass fillers (2010)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fluoride release, neutralizing ability and inhibitory effect on secondary caries of resin-based materials containing a silane-coated glass filler. Resin-based materials containing fluoro-boro-alumino-silicate glass coated by 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane were used and resin material containing glass filler without coating was used as a control. The fluoride release and pH value after immersion were measured for 10 weeks. The inhibitory effect was also evaluated. During the initial period, the material with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane gave the greater amount of fluoride release and produced a higher pH value compared with the other materials. However, the neutralizing ability of the material with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane filler became weaker with ageing of the specimens. The mean depth of outer lesions was similar among the three materials. Within the limitations of this study, secondary caries around restorations could not be inhibited even for products showing high fluoride releasing and neutralizing ability.
Design of CMOS adaptive-bandwidth PLL/DLLs: a general approach. (2003)

Abstract—A phase-locked loop (PLL) and delay-locked loop (DLL) design with adaptively adjusting bandwidth enables optimal performance over a wide frequency range and across process, voltage, and temperature variations. A design methodology of such adaptive-bandwidth PLLs and DLLs is described. To assess the impact of each circuit parameter directly, we derive a discrete-time, open-loop dynamic model of the PLL/DLL that characterizes the change in output variables in response to the sampled error and we express the adaptive-bandwidth criteria in terms of the open-loop gains, instead of the traditional closed-loop parameters, and. Applying these criteria, we derive scaling equations for the charge-pump current and filter resistance that achieve adaptive bandwidth in charge-pump PLL/DLLs. We show that previously published adaptive-bandwidth PLL/DLLs, a self-biased PLL/DLL and a regulated-supply PLL/DLL, rely on the small-signal conductance tracking the large-signal conductance of the voltage-controlled oscillator/voltage-controlled delay-line and, thus, sustain constant �� � and only if the voltage swing is sufficiently higher than the device threshold voltage „r. The paper also presents procedures to estimate the open-loop parameters from an open-loop impulse response of the PLL/DLL. Index Terms—Adaptive bandwidth, delay-locked loop (DLL), phase-locked loop (PLL). I.
Abetalipoproteinemia or Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome. Clinical, biochemical and electrophysiological features of two cases. (1989)

The clinical, biochemical and electrophysiologic features of two patients with abetalipoproteinemia, a 17 year old boy and his sister of 14, are reported. They are the second and third reports of this disease in Belgium. Diagnosis was made by the Apo-B deficiency in their serum and the normal levels in their parents'. According to other investigators we revealed in both cases deficiency of other apoproteins, indicating, that the metabolic defect affects all classes of plasma lipoproteins. EMG findings showed axonal neuropathy. Somatosensory evoked potentials demonstrated dorsal column dysfunction. Findings were consistent with the known neuropathology of abetalipoproteinemia and of vitamin E deficiency syndromes. The therapeutic role of vitamin E is discussed.
Immunogenicity results using human papillomavirus (HPV) specific DNA vaccine, INO-3112 (HPV16/HPV18 plasmids + IL-12) in HPV+ head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCCa). (2017)

6073 Background: Oropharyngeal HNSCCa is frequently associated with HPV. We hypothesize that immunotherapy with INO-3112 will generate immune responses in patients (pts) with HPV+ HNSCCa. Methods: This Phase I/IIa trial included pts with p16+ locally advanced HNSCCa, ECOG PS 0-1. INO-3112 was delivered IM along with electroporation with the CELLECTRA device, Q3 weeks x 4 doses. Cohort 1 (C1) pts received INO-3112 pre and post-surgery; Cohort 2 (C2) pts received INO-3112 post cisplatin-based definitive chemoradiation. 1° and 2° endpoints were safety and immune responses. Pre- and post INO-3112 tissue samples (C1) were assessed for tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Peripheral immune responses were assessed by ELISA for HPV16/18 specific antibody levels, and by IFNɤ ELISpot for antigen specific response, at each dose visit and q3 months (mos). Results: As of 08/2016, 22 pts were treated, completing accrual. C1: n = 6, C2: n = 16; 20 male, median age 57.5 years (32-76); base of tongue = 10, tonsil = 12; never smoker = 10. All pts are alive, median follow up is 15.9 mos (1-26). INO-3112 was well-tolerated with no related Grade 3-5 AEs. In 5 C1 pts post immunotherapy, increase in CD8+ infiltration into tumor was noted in 2 pts (1.6-3.6 fold) and decrease in FoxP3+ was noted in the other 3 (1.8-2.1 fold). This resulted in positive shift in CD8+/FoxP3+ ratio in neoplastic tissue in 4/5 pts. Peak mean/median antibody responses to HPV16 E7 and HPV18 E7 antigens for 19 evaluable pts were 1:1235/1:150 and 1:2853/1:450, respectively. As compared to baseline, 18 evaluable pts showed elevated HPV16/HPV18 specific T cell activity (by IFNɤ ELISpot), with peak mean/median responses of 179.99/68.33 SFU per 10 6 PBMC (HPV16) and 107.18/53.3 SFU per 10 6 PBMC (HPV18). Persistent cellular responses &gt; 100 SFU/10 6 PBMC were noted out to 12 mos. 3 pts have progressed; 1 pt received Nivolumab for progressive disease, and remains in CR. Conclusions: These data show that INO-3112 generates HPV-specific peripheral humoral and cellular immune responses that may persist out to 12 months and influences the composition of CD8+ and FoxP3+ immune infiltration into tumor tissue in HPV+ HNSCCa. Clinical trial information: NCT02163057.
An algorithm for selection of best orthonormal rational basis (2002)

This paper deals with the problem of structure determination for generalized orthonormal basis models used in system identification. The model structure is parametrized by a pre-specified set of poles. Given this structure and experimental data a model can be estimated using linear regression techniques. Since the variance of the estimated model increases with the number of estimated parameters, the objective is to find structures that are as compact/parsimonious as possible. A natural approach would be to estimate the poles, but this leads to nonlinear optimization with possible local minima. In this paper, a best basis algorithm is derived for the generalized orthonormal rational bases. Combined with linear regression and thresholding this leads to compact transfer function representations.
Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2008 (2009)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (F) as follows:
Mechanistic Evaluation of Siplizumab (MEDI-507) Activity on Normal and Malignant T-Lymphocytes. (2006)

Abstract Siplizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds human CD2 (huCD2), which is expressed on virtually all cells of the T- or NK-cell lineage. Also, known as MEDI-507, siplizumab is being developed as a potential new treatment for lymphoid malignancies involving T- or NK-cells. Our present study was designed to increase further the mechanistic understanding of siplizumab activity. Preclinical studies demonstrated that siplizumab mediated efficient lysis of malignant T-cells in a concentration-dependent and effector-to-target cell ratio-dependent manner. ADCC contributed prominently to tumor cell clearance whereas complement-mediated killing (CDC) did not. Siplizumab treatment alone was sufficient to trigger limited internalization of its target antigen (CD2) from the surface of tumor cells. Moreover, the efficiency of CD2 internalization was increased when such studies were carried out in the presence of an activated monocyte cell line (THP-1) bearing Fcg receptors and incapable of mediating ADCC, and suggested that CD2 clearance from the cell surface can be distinguished from host effector mechanisms. CD2 has been long known to confer both inhibitory and stimulatory signals and we reasoned that target internalization might disrupt survival signals independent of host effector activity. Consistent with this concept, siplizumab treatment in the absence of effector cells transduced apoptotic signals as indicated by multiple standard markers of tumor cell apoptosis , including activation of caspase 3 activity and an increase in tumor cells with a sub-G1 DNA content. In addition, the use of transgenic mouse models demonstrated that intravenous administration of siplizumab caused a rapid (≤ 24 hours) but transient reduction in the number of peripheral huCD2-positive T-cells. The number of T-cells gradually recovered to normal levels within 30 days of treatment. In contrast, siplizumab treatment did not alter the number of CD19-positive B-cells. These results indicate that siplizumab can utilize host effector mechanisms (ADCC) to facilitate malignant T-cell elimination. Our present findings also suggest that siplizumab can mediate changes in CD2 expression or function that result in apoptosis of CD2-positive tumor cells. In light of this potent anti-tumor activity, two Phase I dose escalation trials (MI-CP099 and MI-CP107) are ongoing to assess the maximum tolerated dose and safety of siplizumab in patients with CD2-positive T- and NK-cell malignancies.
Compact instrumentation for radiation tolerance test of flash memories in space environment (2010)

Aim of this work is the description of a test equipment, designed to be integrated on board of a microsatellite, able to investigate the radiation tolerance of non-volatile memory arrays in a real flight experiment. An FPGA-based design was adopted to preserve a high flexibility degree. Besides standard Program/Read/Erase functions, additional features such as failure data screening and latch-up protection have been implemented. The instrument development phase generated, as a by-product, a non-rad-hard version of the instrument that allowed performing in-situ experiments using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">60</sup> Co and 10 MeV Boron irradiation facilities on Ground. Preliminary measurement results are reported to show the instrumentation potential.
Lanthanoid assisted self-assembly of imidazolium cations in organic bi-layers (2010)

Multi-component solutions containing 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium or 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cations, p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene and large mono- or bis-phosphonium cations, as well as lanthanide metal ions, afford self-assembled material incorporating all four components. The calixarenes and phosphonium cations are organized into bi-layers, with the imidazolium cations and gadolinium(III) species incorporated between the bi-layers. The imidazolium cations are confined within essentially ‘molecular capsules’ based on two calixarenes from adjacent bi-layers, with these cations taking on different orientations, depending on the nature of the phosphonium cation, and whether the metal also binds to sulfonate moieties.
High-Performance Inverter Based on Shaft Acceleration Torque for AC Drives (2012)

This paper proposes a high-performance inverter control method based on the shaft acceleration torque. The conventional overmodulation method has both advantages and disadvantages. The proposed method considers the motor driving condition from the acceleration torque command and the omitted voltage caused by voltage saturation and automatically judges whether overmodulation should be used. Therefore, this method combines the advantages of using overmodulation and the advantages of not using overmodulation and obtains both a quick speed response in the transient state and a small value of total harmonic distortion in the steady state. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed high-performance inverter control method.
A Boost Converter with 3-6V Input and Fast Transient Digital Control Comprising a 90 ns-Latency Live-Tracking Window ADC (2018)

This paper presents a digitally controlled boost converter IC for high output voltage and fast transient applications. Thus, it is well applicable in automotive and industrial environments. The 3 V-to-6 V input voltage, 6.3 V output voltage, 1 A boost converter IC is fabricated in a 180 nm BCD technology. Digital control enables cost savings, advanced control concepts, and it is less parameter sensitive compared to common analog control. A 90 ns latency, 6-bit delay line ADC operates with a window concept, meeting high resolution requirements, e.g. in car battery applications. An output voltage live tracking is included for extending the ADC conversion window. A charge pump DAC provides high resolution, monotonicity, and short 128 ns conversion time. Further, a standard digital PI controller is enhanced by a simple but effective Δ V/Δt-intervention control. It results in 2.8x reduced output voltage deviations in case of load steps, scaling down the output capacitor value by the same factor.
A new path to oncogene-induced senescence: At the crossroads of splicing and translation (2013)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKeywords:: p53oncogenesisoncogene-induced senescenceMDM2autoregulationOISRPL5SRSF1ribosomal stressThis article is related to:
Towards autonomic urban traffic control with collaborative multi-policy reinforcement learning (2016)

Various multi-agent decentralized approaches based on reinforcement learning (RL) have been proposed to increase scalability and real-time adaptiveness of urban traffic control (UTC) systems. In such approaches, traffic light control parameters are not pre-defined, but intelligent agents controlling the junctions learn the suitable traffic signal settings. In order to consider applications of RL in commercial UTC products, they need to enable fine-grained optimization of multiple traffic objectives and be validated in realistic UTC simulations. This paper presents REALT, a UTC system based on Distributed W-Learning (DWL), a multi-policy multi-agent RL-based optimization technique, which enables it to address multiple traffic optimization goals simultaneously. We introduce an extension of DWL with fine-grained traffic observation to enable adaptation of phase duration rather than just phase selection. We also evaluate the impact of action set selection in RL applications to UTC, by introducing a phase generation module which enables REALT to use different phase sets. We simulate REALT performance in VISSIM, on a detailed model of the road network representing Western Road, the main traffic artery in Cork, Ireland. We use precise historic traffic counts as input and present results of the comparison of REALT performance to that of SCOOT signals deployed in Cork.
Imaging retinal nerve fiber bundles at ultrahigh-speed and ultrahigh-resolution using OCT with adaptive optics (2010)

Ultrahigh speed line scan detectors based on CMOS technology have been recently demonstrated in ultrahigh resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (UHR-SD-OCT) for retinal imaging. While successful, fundamental tradeoffs exist been image acquisition time, image sampling density, and sensitivity, all of which impact the extent of motion artifacts, visualization of fine spatial detail, and detection of faint reflections. Here we investigate these tradeoffs for imaging retinal nerve fiber bundles (RNFBs) using UHR-SD-OCT with adaptive optics (AO). Volume scans of 3&deg;x3&deg; and 1.5&deg;x1.5&deg; were acquired at retinal locations of 3&deg; nasal and 6&deg; superior to the fovea on a healthy subject. Dynamic AO compensation across a 6 mm pupil provided near-diffraction-limited performance. The acquisition rates were 22.5k lines/s and 125k lines/s with A-lines spaced at 0.9 &mu;m and 1.8 &mu;m and B-scans at 1.8 &mu;m and 9 &mu;m. Focus was optimized for visualizing the retinal nerve fiber bundles (RNFBs). En face projection and crosssectional views of the RNFBs were extracted from the volumes and compared to images acquired with established conventional CCD-based line-scan camera. The projection view was found highly sensitive to eye motion artifacts, yet could only be partially compensated with coarser sampling, since fine sampling was necessary to observe the microscopic features in the RNFBs. For the cross-sectional view, speckle noise rather than eye motion artifacts limited bundle clarity. The highest B-scan density (1.8 &mu;m spacing) coupled with B-scan averaging proved the best combination. Regardless of view, the higher line rate provided better RNFB clarity.
APH1 Polar Transmembrane Residues Regulate the Assembly and Activity of Presenilin Complexes (2009)

Complexes involved in the gamma/epsilon-secretase-regulated intramembranous proteolysis of substrates such as the amyloid-beta precursor protein are composed primarily of presenilin (PS1 or PS2), nicastrin, anterior pharynx defective-1 (APH1), and PEN2. The presenilin aspartyl residues form the catalytic site, and similar potentially functional polar transmembrane residues in APH1 have been identified. Substitution of charged (E84A, R87A) or polar (Q83A) residues in TM3 had no effect on complex assembly or activity. In contrast, changes to either of two highly conserved histidines (H171A, H197A) located in TM5 and TM6 negatively affected PS1 cleavage and altered binding to other secretase components, resulting in decreased amyloid generating activity. Charge replacement with His-to-Lys substitutions rescued nicastrin maturation and PS1 endoproteolysis leading to assembly of the formation of structurally normal but proteolytically inactive gamma-secretase complexes. Substitution with a negatively charged side chain (His-to-Asp) or altering the structural location of the histidines also disrupted gamma-secretase binding and abolished functionality of APH1. These results suggest that the conserved transmembrane histidine residues contribute to APH1 function and can affect presenilin catalytic activity.
Design rules for time of flight Positron Emission Tomography (ToF-PET) heterostructure radiation detectors (2022)

Despite the clinical acceptance of ToF-PET, there is still a gap between the technology's performance and the end-user's needs. Core to bridging this gap is the ability to develop radiation detectors combining a short attenuation length and a sub-nanosecond time response. Currently, the detector of choice, Lu<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup> single crystal, is not selected for its ability to answer the performance needs, but as a trade-off between requirements and availability. To bypass the current performance limitations, in particular restricted time response, the concept of the heterostructured detector has been proposed. The concept aims at splitting the scintillation mechanisms across two materials, one acting primarily as an absorber and one as an ultra-fast emitter. If the concept has attracted the interest of the medical and material communities, little has been shown in terms of the benefits/limitations of the approach. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we present a survey of heterostructure performance versus detector design. The data allow for a clear understanding of the design/performance relationship. This, in turn, enables the establishment of design rules toward the development and optimization of heterostructured detectors that could supersede the current detector technology in the medical imaging field but also across multiple sectors (e.g. high-energy physics, security).
Chapitre 4. L’évolution de l’espace du ve s. au début du haut Moyen Âge : « terres noires » et vestiges associés (2003)

4.1 Les « terres noires » (phase 8) La découverte, lors des sondages préliminaires, d’un dépôt énigmatique de sédiments communément appelés « terres noires » (en raison de leur couleur foncée) avait retenu l’attention de certains chercheurs dont P. Van Ossel. Un des enjeux importants de la fouille fut donc de tenter de comprendre la nature, l’origine et la signification de ces dépôts (cf. supra Avant-propos). Les « terres noires » du Collège de France se présentent sous la forme d’un épais dé...