gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Shower Reconstruction and Energy Validation with Michel Electrons and $\pi^0$ Samples for the Deep-Learning-Based Analyses in MicroBooNE (2021)

This document was prepared by the MicroBooNE collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. MicroBooNE is supported by the following: the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Offices of High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics; the U.S. National Science Foundation; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), part of the United Kingdom Research and Innovation; the Royal Society (United Kingdom); and The European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions. Additional support for the laser calibration system and cosmic ray tagger was provided by the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Bern, Switzerland.
Can immune reprogramming with alemtuzumab induce permanent remission in multiple sclerosis? (2017)

Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) have developed tremendously over the last 2 decades. Currently, more than 16 different products targeting various immunologic components have been approved for MS treatment in several countries. The authors thank Heike Blum for drawing the figure and Nick Fulcher for language editing.
Mobile ad-hoc mesh for cellular networks: Mobile ad-hoc and mesh routing solutions based on OFDMA technologies for public safety &amp; defence applications (2011)

The current Mobile wireless systems, such as GSM, UMTS, HSPA, LTE and WiMAX, are based on “Cell Concentration” concept comprise of 2 main parts: Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN). RAN provides radio bearers between the core network and the mobile station in the field for the transport of user data, Signaling and Management messages, thus enabling mobile stations to access the different services. Radio Access Network (RAN) is composed of Base Stations (BS) and base station Controllers either may split in two separate equipments (in the GSM and UMTS systems) or re-group in one node (HSPA+LTE). Core Network is the central part of a network and provides connectivity to the external world, such as PSTN for voice, Internet, mail or Video streaming. Different GWs are deployed between the CN and RAN (AGW for WiMAX Systems, S-GW and MME for LTE, etc').
Customization Modes for the Harris MK-3 Authenticated Encryption Algorithm (2018)

MK-3 is a new proprietary authenticated encryption algorithm based on the duplex sponge construction. To provide security autonomy capability, such that different users can have sovereign variants of the encryption algorithm, MK-3 is designed to be customizable. Two levels of customization are supported, Factory Customization and Field Customization. Customization is done by modifying functions and function parameters in the algorithm to yield differing cipher functions while preserving the algorithm's security. This paper describes the MK-3 algorithm's customization options and discusses results of testing designed to verify security autonomy among the customized variants.
Kernel Feature Selection (2003)

We address the problem of using a kernel spectral criterion function for feature selection. A feature selection paradigm using spectral properties of the affinity matrix of the input data was recently introduced in [11] and which leads to a bilinear interaction between entries of the data sample. Our goal in this paper is to extend the idea of spectral criteria for feature selection to higher order interactions among the data by introducing a kernel operation through which high-order mappings of the original feature vectors can be made possible.
Isotropic and anisotropic Landau level transitions in epitaxial graphene revealed by infrared optical Hall effect (2013)

We report on polarization property discrimination of inter Landau level transitions using reflection-type optical Hall effect measurements from 600 to 4000 cm-1 on epitaxial graphene grown by thermal decomposition of silicon carbide. We observe symmetric and anti-symmetric signatures in our data due to unpolarized, i.e., isotropic, and polarized, i.e., anisotropic Landau level transitions, respectively. The isotropic transitions shift with square-root magnetic field dependence typical for stacks of decoupled graphene mono-layers. The anisotropic Landau transitions match those previously observed in Bernal stacked bi-layer graphene, and predicted recently for Bernal stacked tri-layer graphene. The anisotropic signatures can be explained by coupling with free charge carrier magneto-optic plasma oscillations within the transition layer at the substrate graphene interface.
Fast Multiple Fault Exclusion with a Large Number of Measurements (2015)

In this paper we describe two methods to exclude faulty radio navigation measurements in a situation where there is a large number of measurements (>20) and the probability that any measurement might be faulty is very high (50% and more).
This situation can arise in many applications, as in the case of multiple GNSS measurements in an urban environment, when using terrestrial range measurements (and therefore very prone to be affected by multipath), or when using signals of opportunity (which might have faulty or not calibrated clocks).
Previous work in fault detection for radio navigation has focused in the ability of fault detection methods to detect the outlier measurements [1]. In this work we will first argue that finding the outliers is actually not an issue in the sense that there is a known algorithm that provides an optimal exclusion option (under some assumptions) [3]. This algorithm consists in evaluating all the subsets of measurements for consistency and in choosing the best consistent subset (under some sense). However, this algorithm relies on a combinatorial search which can become intractable as the number of measurements increases. It is therefore useful to develop methods that can achieve the performance of the combinatorial search at a lower computational cost.
In this work, we study two simple and fast exclusion algorithms. The first one is based on a greedy search. In this algorithm the measurements are removed sequentially based on the size of the least squares residual. The second one is based on L1 norm minimization. For this purpose, we analyze the link between outlier exclusion and sparse signal recovery, for which there is a large body of work (compressed sensing) [5]. In particular, there are rigorous results on the sparsity promoting nature of L1 norm minimization [6]. Then, we test an implementation of fault detection using both algorithms. We will investigate examples based on two and four core GNSS constellations and attempt to answer the following two questions: how well does each of these algorithms approach the exhaustive algorithm.
A GENERAL APPROACH FOR BRUSHED DC MACHINES SIMULATION USING A DEDICATED FIELD/CIRCUIT COUPLED METHOD (2014)

This paper deals with the modeling of the brushed DC motor used as a reinforced starter for a micro-hybrid automotive application. The aim of such a system, also called "stop-start", is to stop a combustion engine when the vehicle pulls to a stop, and to restart it when the driver accelerates. A reinforced starter is able to ensure this new function in addition to the classical cold start. Then, its life time has to be widely increased in comparison with a classical starter. They have to be optimized, and more especially their process of commutation in order to minimize commutator and brush wears, and thereby increase the lifetime of the device up to the whole life of the vehicle. The main contribution of the paper is the development of a coupled FE-circuit model taking into account local saturation and arc phenomena. Brush-segment contact resistance introduced in the circuit model has been computed efficiently and compared to measures. The whole model has been validated by experimental measurements which are carried out with specific experimental test benches.
MRI of Transgene Expression: Correlation to Therapeutic Gene Expression (2002)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide high-resolution 3D maps of structural and functional information, yet its use of mapping in vivo gene expression has only recently been explored. A potential application for this technology is to noninvasively image transgene expression. The current study explores the latter using a nonregulatable internalizing engineered transferrin receptor (ETR) whose expression can be probed for with a superparamagnetic Tf-CLIO probe. Using an HSV-based amplicon vector system for transgene delivery, we demonstrate that: 1) ETR is a sensitive MR marker gene; 2) several transgenes can be efficiently expressed from a single amplicon; 3) expression of each transgene results in functional gene product; and 4) ETR gene expression correlates with expression of therapeutic genes when the latter are contained within the same amplicon. These data, taken together, suggest that MRI of ETR expression can serve as a surrogate for measuring therapeutic transgene expression.
Baseband Macromodeling of Linear Photonic Circuits for Time-Domain Simulations (2019)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to build real-valued baseband models of linear, time-invariant, passive photonic devices, circuits, and systems, which allows modeling of photonic wavelength filter circuits with their full dispersion effects in an accurate way. The proposed technique starts from the scattering parameters of the photonic systems under study and leverages on the modeling power of the vector-fitting algorithm, thereby leading to both complex- and real-valued baseband state-space models. The modeling procedure is robust and applicable to general linear passive photonic devices and circuits, and the physical properties of the resulting models for the time-domain simulation, such as stability and passivity, can be properly guaranteed. The built models are systems of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which can be efficiently simulated in a variety of ODE solvers at baseband frequencies rather than in the optical frequency range. We demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method on two examples of photonic filter circuits.
Acoustic time reversal in shallow water (1996)

The aim of this paper is to study a way to overcome the problem of multipath distorsion in acoustic underwater communications by using a time-reversal mirror (TRM). A set of experiments is presented using a TRM made of 64 reversible transducers and different results will be emphasized. One result is related to the high focusing property obtained with a TRM operating in a bounded channel. It will be shown that the time-reversed beam is much thinner than the one observed in an unbounded fluid. The second result is the time compression observed for the time-reversed acoustic multipath pulse. The influence of the number of elements of the TRM on the focusing and on the time compression is discussed.
Challenges of Permanent Downhole Water Cut Measurement in Multilateral Wells (2015)

Abstract This paper addresses the need and challenges associated with the permanent downhole water cut measurement in multiphase flow at an individual lateral level for efficient and reliable water cut management in a multilateral horizontal well environment. Furthermore, it reviews the available water cut measurement techniques and evaluates their suitability for permanent downhole deployment in multilateral horizontal wells. A comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art water cut measurement techniques is presented for the first time in this paper to evaluate their suitability for permanent downhole deployment. Downhole water cut measurement challenges are described in detail and a table is presented comparing various techniques against a set of requirements suitable for permanent downhole water cut measurement.
Instrumentation for In situ/Operando X-ray Scattering Studies of Polymer Additive Manufacturing Processes (2019)

With new opportunities and challenges from additive manufacturing (AM), novel characterization approaches are needed to realize reliable and industry-transferrable material systems and processes. The Complex Scattering Program at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), a Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Research Facility located at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has capabilities on three beamlines to support in situ and operando soft material additive manufacturing measurements. These beamlines include: the Coherent Hard X-ray (CHX) beamline specializing in X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS), the Soft Matter Interfaces (SMI) and Complex Materials Scattering (CMS) beamlines specializing in time-resolved Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) techniques. All three beamlines work in both transmission and grazing incidence geometries. Technical specifications for the beamlines are summarized in Table 1 with further details at https://www.bnl.gov/ps/beamlines/. In this article, we describe some of the additive manufacturing capabilities that have been implemented on these beamlines, including in-line 3D printers for Continuous-flow Direct Writing (CDW), Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) printing, and an instrument for Electrospray Deposition (ESD). We also describe a development program in autonomous experimentation that will be critical for addressing the complexity involved in optimizing additive manufacturing processes and materials. These capabilities and approaches have been co-developed in partnership with Brookhaven’s Center for Functional Materials (CFN) as well as collaborative users from universities (Stony Brook and Yale University), government labs (Air Force Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), and industry (Henkel Inc.).
Near-field nanoimaging by nanoscale photodetector array (2009)

We report a demonstration of near-field nanoimaging using nanoscale photodetector (NPD) array. The NPD array has detector pixels with subwavelength dimension and is capable of pixel addressing. An active-media finite-difference time-domain simulation of the NPD array shows an imaging resolution of 150 nm for 1.55 microm light. Additionally, we demonstrate the realization and characterization of the NPD array. The smallest NPD array obtained has 100-nm-wide pixels with 100 nm spacing. A responsivity of 0.28 A/W at 1.31 microm and 3.3 V bias is registered for a 2x2 NPD array pixel. The corresponding photocurrent is 735 nA with a dark current of 0.483 nA. Using near-field photocurrent microscopy, an imaging resolution of 390 nm has been demonstrated.
Acid-Sensitive Aluminosilicates: Dissolution Kinetics and Fluid Selection for Matrix-Stimulation Treatments (2006)

Summary Dissolution kinetics of analcime (a zeolite), chlorite, and illite (layered aluminosilicates) are examined in hydrochloric and mixtures of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid systems. Dissolution kinetics were determined from batch reactor experiments in the temperature range of 25 to 100°C. The reaction progress was monitored by analysis of Al, Si, Fe, Mg, and Na concentrations in the aqueous phase. The reactivity of these aluminosilicates was compared with that of kaolinite under similar experimental conditions. Models for the reaction of the aluminosilicates with each acid are presented. The reaction kinetics incorporated into a geochemical simulator predict matrix-stimulation results for formations containing these minerals. Guidelines for design of matrixstimulation treatments for acid-sensitive formations are formulated.
Impact of acquired del(17p) in multiple myeloma (2019)

The high-risk abnormality del(17p) can be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization on malignant plasma cells (PCs) and has an adverse prognostic impact in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Patients with del(17p) have reduced overall survival (OS). Patients who acquire del(17p) later during the disease course are not well described. The disease characteristics at diagnosis predicting for acquired del(17p) and its overall impact on patient survival is not known. We compared 76 patients with MM who were negative for del(17p) at diagnosis and acquired it later with 152 control MM patients who did not acquire del(17p) at a comparable time point. Patients acquired del(17p) at a median of 35.6 months (range, 4.6-116.1 months) from diagnosis of MM after a median of 2 lines of therapy (range, 1-10 lines of therapy). When compared with controls, patients with acquired del(17p) had shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) (30.1 vs 23.0 months; <i>P</i> = .032) and OS (106.1 vs 68.2 months; <i>P</i> < .001) from diagnosis. After the detection of del(17p), the median PFS was 5.4 months and the median OS was 18.1 months. High lactate dehydrogenase level (odds ratio [OR], 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-12.24) and presence of t(4;14) (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.09-6.48) or any high-risk translocation (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.00-4.95) at diagnosis predicted acquisition of del(17p). High PC proliferative rate predicted shorter OS from detection of del(17p) (hazard ratio, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.31-3.96; <i>P</i> = .004). Our study shows that acquisition of del(17p) is an important molecular event associated with reduction in OS in MM. Certain baseline factors may predict acquisition of del(17p). This needs validation in prospective data sets.
Frequency-domain modeling of TM wave propagation in optical nanostructures with a third-order nonlinear response (2009)

An enhanced method is developed for analysis of third-order nonlinearities in optical nanostructures with a scalar magnetic field frequency-domain formulation; it is shown to produce fast and accurate results for 2D problems without a superfluous vector electric field formalism. While a standard TM representation using cubic nonlinear susceptibility results in an intractable implicit equation, our technique alleviates this problem. In addition to a universal approach, simpler, more efficient solutions are proposed for media having solely either a real (lossless Kerr-type medium) or an imaginary (nonlinear absorbing medium) nonlinearity. Combining these solutions with a finite-element method, we show simulation examples validated with alternative approaches.
Focused Ion Beam in the Study of Biomaterials and Biological Matter (2011)

The application of focused ion beam (FIB) techniques in the life sciences has progressed by leaps and bounds over the past decade. A once dedicated ion beam instrument, the focused ion beam today is generally coupled with a plethora of complementary tools such as dual-beam scanning electron microscopy (SEM), environmental SEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), or cryogenic possibilities. All of these additions have contributed to the advancement of focused ion beam use in the study of biomaterials and biological matter. Biomaterials, cells, and their interfaces can be routinely imaged, analyzed, or prepared for techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with this comprehensive tool. Herein, we review the uses, advances, and challenges associated with the application of FIB techniques to the life sciences, with particular emphasis on TEM preparation of biomaterials, biological matter, and their interfaces using FIB.
TheCLOCKGene and Mood Disorders: A Case-Control Study and Meta-analysis (2011)

The clock gene (CLOCK) is considered to be a good candidate gene for the pathophysiology of mood disorders, including bipolar disorder (BP) and major depressive disorder (MDD). rs1801260 (T3111C) has been detected at position 3111 in the CLOCK mRNA 3' untranslated region, and was reported to be associated with a substantial delay in preferred timing for activity and sleep in a human study. As for function, rs1801260 has been speculated to affect mRNA. Therefore, the authors investigated the association between the three tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3736544, rs1801260, and rs3749474) in CLOCK and risk of BP (n=867) and MDD (n=139) compared to controls (n=889) in the Japanese population. In addition, we also performed an updated meta-analysis of nine published, genetic association studies investigating the relationship between rs1801260 and mood disorder risk, comprising 3321 mood disorders cases and 3574 controls. We did not detect any associations between tagging SNPs in CLOCK and BP or MDD in the allele, genotype, or haplotype analysis (global p(BP)=.605 and global p(MDD)=.211). Moreover, rs1801260 was also not associated with BP, MDD, or any mood disorders in the meta-analysis. In conclusion, these data suggest that CLOCK does not play a major role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders.
Efficient Latency Control in Fog Deployments via Hardware-Accelerated Popularity Estimation (2020)

Introduced as an extension of the Cloud at the network edge for computing and storage purposes, the Fog is increasingly considered a key enabler for Internet-of-Things applications whose latency requirements are not compatible with a Cloud-only approach. Unlike Cloud platforms, which can elastically accommodate large numbers of requests, Fog deployments are usually dimensioned for an average traffic load and, thus, unable to handle sudden bursts of requests without violating latency guarantees. In this article, we address the problem of efficiently controlling Fog admission to guarantee application response time. We propose request-aware admission control (AC) strategies maximizing the number of Fog-handled requests by means of dynamic popularity estimation. In particular, the LRU-AC , an AC strategy based on online learning of the request popularity distribution via a Least Recently Used (LRU) filter, is introduced. We contribute an analytical model for assessing LRU-AC performance and quantifying the incurred reduction of Cloud offload cost, w.r.t. both an ideal oracle-based and a request-oblivious AC strategy. Further, we propose a feasible implementation design of LRU-AC on FPGA hardware using Aging Bloom Filters (ABF) to mimic the function of the LRU-AC, while providing a compact memory representation. The use of ABFs for LRU-AC is theoretically validated and verified through simulation. The current implementation shows a throughput of 16.7 Mpps and a processing latency of less than 3μ s while multiplying the Fog acceptance-rate by 10 in the evaluated scenario.
Enhancing Sweat Rate Using a Novel Device for the Treatment of Congestion in Heart Failure (2022)

gov; Unique identifier: NCT04578353.