gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereoacuity of athletes in primary and non-primary gazes (2011)

INTRODUCTION: The ability to perceive depth information is critical to athletes during competition - to localize, track and react to objects, teammates, and opponents. Traditionally, stereopsis is measured at near distance and measured along the normal line of sight (primary gaze). The purpose of this study was to compare primary to non-primary stereoacuity at far in athletes. METHODS: Stereoacuity was measured to a higher threshold than traditionally assessed, and was part of a comprehensive visual performance evaluation. One hundred thirteen athletes, age 12 to 38 years, were evaluated at sports performance training centers and optometric practices. Four Wirt-type circles were presented, with one circle having stereoscopic float induced by lateral disparity, ranging from 240 to 12 arsec. Circles were displayed on a high frequency computer monitor synchronized with active shutter eyewear at 4.9 m. Utilizing a staircase algorithm, subjects responded in a 4-choice forced-choice paradigm to determine threshold. Stereoacuity was measured in primary gaze and two non-primary gazes (head turned with gaze over the right shoulder and then over the left shoulder). RESULTS: Average (sd) stereoacuity thresholds were 27.5 (62.4) arcsec in primary gaze, 46.8 (28.9) arcsec in left gaze and 42.2 (42.5) arcsec in right gaze. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that primary gaze stereoacuity was significantly better than non-primary gaze over the left shoulder (p = 0.0059) and right shoulder (p = 0.0499). Sixty-one percent (69 of 113) of the subjects demonstrated reduced stereoacuity in at least one non-primary gaze angle. DISCUSSION: Considering the widely varying visual gaze demands athletes face in most sports, when assessing an athlete's stereoacuity, primary and non-primary gaze angles should be measured. Considering the average stereoacuity was 27.5 arcsec, with best being 12 arcsec, test methods should be more sensitive to determine stereoacuity threshold for athletes.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW COPPER(I) DERIVATIVES OF TELLURIUM (1977)

Abstract Die Cu(I)‐ditelluridkomplexe (I) können durch Zugabe der Ditelluride in Äther zu Lösungen von CuCl oder CuBr in Acetonitril dargestellt werden.
Cytokines, growth, and environment factors in bone marrow plasma of acute lymphoblastic leukemia pediatric patients (2014)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells depend on the microenvironment of the host in vivo and do not survive in in vitro culture. Conversely, the suppression of non-malignant tissues is one of the leading characteristics of the course of ALL. Both the non-malignant suppression and malignant cell survival may be partly affected by soluble factors within the bone marrow (BM) environment. Here, we aimed to identify proteins in BM plasma of children with ALL that may contribute to ALL aggressiveness and/or the microenvironment-mediated survival of ALL cells. LBMp (leukemic bone marrow plasma) at the time of ALL diagnosis was compared to control plasma of bone marrow (CBMp) or peripheral blood (CPBp) using a cytokine antibody array. The cytokine antibody array enabled simultaneous detection of 79 proteins per sample. Candidate proteins exhibiting significantly different profiles were further analyzed and confirmed by ELISA. mRNA expression of one of the candidate proteins (TIMP1) was studied using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The cytokine antibody array experiments identified 23 proteins that differed significantly (p<0.05); of these, two proteins (TIMP1 and LIF) withstood the Bonferroni correction. In contrast, little difference was observed between CBMp and CPBp. At the diagnosis of ALL, changes in the soluble microenvironment are detectable in BM plasma. These changes probably participate in the pathogenesis and/or result from the changes in the cell composition.
Ultrasonic Welding Simulations of Multiple, Thin and Dissimilar Metals for Battery Joining (2012)

Ultrasonic welding is a solid-state bond created using ultrasonic energy. It has been used in the semiconductor industry for several decades, and more recently, in the automotive industry such as for battery welding. Even though there existed several numerical simulations on ultrasonic welding, the models were too simplistic, in both theory and welding configuration, to present the multiple sheet, dissimilar metal ultrasonic welding. In this study, theories and a finite element procedure for the ultrasonic welding process are developed. The procedure invokes both Abaqus/Standard and Abaqus/Explicit to simulate the mechanical-thermal coupled phenomena over the entire weld duration with moderate computational cost. The procedure is verified and used to simulate selected specific cases involving multiple sheets and dissimilar materials, i.e., copper and aluminum. The simulation procedure demonstrates its capability to predict welding energy and temperature distribution of the workpieces, towards the goal of improving welding quality.
Supplementary Figure S9 from YAP Orchestrates Heterotypic Endothelial Cell Communication via HGF/c-MET Signaling in Liver Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Hgf/c-Met signaling supports migration of cells with CEC phenotype&lt;/p&gt;
Smooth Rényi Entropy of Ergodic Quantum Information Sources (2007)

We prove that the average smooth Renyi entropy rate will approach the entropy rate of a stationary, ergodic information source, which is equal to the Shannon entropy rate for a classical information source and the von Neumann entropy rate for a quantum information source.
Local Search for a Travelling Salesman Problem in Production Control - A Case Study (2001)

During the past two decades significant progress could be observed in the development of heuristic solution methods. In particular, Local Search Methods have attracted considerable interest, as they have been applied successfully to various difficult combinatorial problems in business management. However, only few articles exist in which these methods are compared to each other. The authors report some experience from a study in which classic (Descent Method) and modern (Simulated Annealing, Threshold Accepting, Great Deluge, Tabu Search) Local Search Methods have been implemented in order to solve a real-world Travelling Salesman Problem in production control. Simulated Annealing turned out to be superior to all other methods with respect to implementation requirements and solution quality. By replacing the previously implemented method the utilization of the respective production unit - which represented a bottleneck - could be increased significantly.
Bubble radar (2006)

The rapid increase in display sizes and resolutions has led to the re-emergence of many pen-based interaction systems like tabletop and wall display environments. Pointing in these environments is an important task, but techniques have not exploited the manipulation of control and display parameters to the extent seen in desktop environments. We have overcome these in the design of a new pen-based interaction technique -- Bubble Radar. Bubble Radar allows users to reach both specific targets and empty space, and supports dynamic switching between selecting and placing. The technique is based on combining the benefits of a successful pen-based pointing technique, the Radar View, with a successful desktop object pointing technique -- the Bubble Cursor. We tested the new technique in a user study and found that it was significantly faster than existing techniques, both for overall pointing and for targeting specific objects.
Going beyond linear dependencies to unveil connectivity of meshed grids (2017)

Partial correlations (PCs) are well suited for revealing linearly dependent (un)mediated connections in a graph when measurements (e.g., time courses) are available per node. Unfortunately, PC-based approaches to identifying the topology of a graph are less effective if nonlinear dependencies between given nodal measurements are present. To bypass this hurdle, nonlinear PCs relying on the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -norm regularized multi-kernel ridge regression (MKRR) have been recently proposed for brain network connectivity analysis. However, ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -norm regularization limits the flexibility in combining kernels, which can compromise performance. For this reason, the present paper broadens the nonlinear PC approach to account for general ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> -norm regularized MKRR, in which the user-selected parameter p ≥ 1 is attuned to the problem at hand. Aiming at a scalable algorithm, the Frank-Wolfe iterations are invoked to solve the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> -norm based MKRR, which not only features simple closed-form updates, but it is also fast convergent. The end result is a novel scheme that leverages nonlinear dependencies captured by the generalized PC model to identify the topology of not only radial but also meshed autonomous energy grids. Improved performance is achieved at affordable computational complexity relative to existing alternatives. Simulated tests showcase the merits of the proposed schemes.
REMIND Your Neural Network to Prevent Catastrophic Forgetting (2019)

People learn throughout life. However, incrementally updating conventional neural networks leads to catastrophic forgetting. A common remedy is replay, which is inspired by how the brain consolidates memory. Replay involves fine-tuning a network on a mixture of new and old instances. While there is neuroscientific evidence that the brain replays compressed memories, existing methods for convolutional networks replay raw images. Here, we propose REMIND, a brain-inspired approach that enables efficient replay with compressed representations. REMIND is trained in an online manner, meaning it learns one example at a time, which is closer to how humans learn. Under the same constraints, REMIND outperforms other methods for incremental class learning on the ImageNet ILSVRC-2012 dataset. We probe REMIND's robustness to data ordering schemes known to induce catastrophic forgetting. We demonstrate REMIND's generality by pioneering online learning for Visual Question Answering (VQA).
AC Polarization for Charge-Drift Elimination in Resonant Electrostatic MEMS and Oscillators (2011)

This paper proposes the use of ac polarization for resonant electrostatic microelectromechanical systems that eliminates the frequency drift caused by dielectric charging and charge screening. It is mathematically and experimentally shown that an ac-polarized resonator can sustain stable oscillations when used in a positive feedback oscillator circuit. We also demonstrate an oscillator topology that generates a drift-free reference frequency tone with this technique in spite of using a resonator that exhibits large frequency drifts under dc polarization. Long-term data are presented for these drift-susceptible devices, showing a significant improvement in frequency stability.
Ss Polymorphisms Carried on GPB in Brazilian Malaria Infected and Non-Infected Individuals. (2005)

Abstract Background: The present study was carried out to compare the Ss blood group polymorphisms carried on GPB in patients infected by malaria (n=51–100) with blood donors (n=100–170) living under the same conditions in a malaria endemic region of the Brazilian Amazon (Macapá, Belém, Porto Velho and Rio Branco). The blood donors had no clinical signs for malaria, their thick blood film exam was negative and they reported during the interview that they had no prior episodes of malaria. Methods: Blood donors and individuals having only P. falciparum infected were identified and their blood was used for Ss phenotyping in gel cards (DiaMed-AG) and to prepare DNA for Ss genotyping and associations studies. The Ss polymorphisms were genotyped by allele-specific (AS)-PCR. Results: Comparison between the frequencies of the Ss phenotypes/genotypes in the two studied groups in each endemic area showed a significant correlation between the frequency of individual carrying the S+s+ or S+s- phenotypes/genotypes and incidence of malaria infection in three regions of the study; Rio Branco, Porto Velho and Belem. The presence of the S antigen was significantly more frequent in malaria patients when compared with the blood donors in three regions of the study; Rio Branco (60.8 vs. 38%), Porto Velho (53.1 vs. 38%) and Belem (62 vs. 50%). As a confirmation, we also found that the S-s+ phenotype in the three regions was contributing to resistance to infection with malaria, as it was significantly more frequent in the donor population than in infected individuals. Importantly, there are approximately 1.5 times more copies of GPB in S+s- than in S-s+ RBCs. S+s+ RBCs have an intermediate amount of GPB. When we combined the results from the four regions and analyzed the 64 P. falciparum (Pf) positive individuals vs. the total 63 blood donors, 46 P. falciparum positive individuals (71.8%) carried the S+ phenotype on the GPB whereas in normal donor population only 30 individuals (47.6%) carried the S antigen.. In this analysis, the presence of the S antigen was significantly more frequent in the P. falciparum patients when compared with the blood donors (P = 0.006). Conversely, the S-s+ phenotype in the four regions was contributing to resistance to P. falciparum infection, as it was significantly more frequent in the donor population (52.3%) than in infected individuals (28.1%). Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that the expression of the S antigen on GPB is associated not only with incidence of malaria infection, but more importantly, with incidence of P. falciparum infection. These preliminary results open up the opportunity to study the utilization of the GPB invasion pathway, in particular via a domain that contains the S antigen, by the P. falciparum field isolates of Brazil.
Minocycline inhibits apoptotic cell death via attenuation of TNF‐α expression following iNOS/NO induction by lipopolysaccharide in neuron/glia co‐cultures (2004)

We attempted to ascertain the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of minocycline in inflammatory-mediated neurotoxicity using primary neuron/glia co-cultures treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neuronal cell death was induced by treatment with LPS for 48 h, and the cell damage was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays and by counting microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) positive cells. Through terminal transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL)-staining and by measuring caspase-3 activity, we found that LPS-induced neuronal cell death was mediated by apoptosis. We determined that pre-treatment with minocycline significantly inhibited LPS-induced neuronal cell death. In addition, LPS induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression significantly, resulting in nitric oxide (NO) production within glial cells, but not in neurons. Both nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors (N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate (L-NMMA) and S-methylisothiourea sulfate (SMT)) and minocycline inhibited iNOS expression and NO release, and increased neuronal survival in neuron/glia co-cultures. Pre-treatment with minocycline significantly inhibited the rapid and extensive production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mediated by LPS in glial cells. We also determined that the signaling cascade of LPS-mediated iNOS induction and NO production was mediated by TNF-alpha by using neutralizing antibodies to TNF-alpha. Consequently, our results show that the neuroprotective effect of minocycline is associated with inhibition of iNOS induction and NO production in glial cells, which is mediated by the LPS-induced production of TNF-alpha.
Plasmonics: nonlinear optics, negative phase, and transformable transparency (2009)

The feasibilities and specific features of coherent nonlinear-optical energy transfer from control fields to a negativephase signal are studied, and they are found to stem from the backwardness of electromagnetic waves inherent to negative-index metamaterials. Plasmonic metamaterials that possess negative group velocity for light waves promise a revolutionary breakthrough in nanophotonics. However, strong absorption inherent to such metaldielectric nanocomposites imposes severe limitations on the majority of such applications. Herein we show the feasibility and discuss different nonlinear-optical techniques of compensating such losses, producing transparency, amplification and even generation of negative-phase light waves in originally strongly absorbing microscopic samples of plasmonic metal-dielectric nanostructured composites.
2I-2 Quantification and MRI Validation of Regional Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction in Mice Post Myocardial Infarction Using High Resolution Ultrasound (2006)

High resolution 30 MHz ultrasound imaging was performed on the left ventricles (LV) of C57B1/6 mice post myocardial infarction (MI). Normal (no MI) C57B1/6 mice were examined as control experiments. Ultrasound imaging was performed at 5-7 short axis slices and 4-5 long axis slices at 1 mm intervals that encompass the LV. Myocardial tissue displacement vectors were measured using a 2D ultrasonic speckle tracking algorithm with sub-pixel resolution. The pixel block window size was approximately 0.4 mm times 0.4 mm and the search region was 0.6 mm times 0.6 mm. The extent of contractile dysfunction and cardiac dyssynchrony were revealed in post-MI mouse LVs by regional myocardial displacement and strain analyses. Strain analyses from the mid-ventricular short axis based upon the ultrasound images were compared to those obtained using MRI, and high levels of correlation were obtained (R = 0.91 and R = 0.84 for radial and circumferential strain, respectively). Displacement and strain analyses were conducted on multiple short axis and long axis slices, and 3D displacement vectors were determined at the lines of intersection by summing the vector components derived from each of the orthogonal slices
Multiscale investigation of tensile properties of a TiO2-doped Engineered Cementitious Composite (2019)

Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) provides a unique platform to develop high-performance and multifunctional construction materials with strain-hardening properties and exceptional crack control capability. ECC incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles has intrinsically embodied photocatalytic properties, such as air-purifying functionality. However, there remains a lack of fundamental knowledge on how the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles affects fiber/matrix interface and macro tensile properties of ECC. There is a need to establish a holistic understanding of the role of TiO2 nanoparticles in ECC at multiple scales. To this end, this study experimentally investigates the effect of TiO2 content (up to 15% of binder) on the fiber/matrix interface and on the tensile properties of ECC. A micromechanical model is used to link the multiscale material properties and interpret the test data of the TiO2-doped ECC. Results show that changes in the macroscopic tensile properties as a result of TiO2 addition can be traced back to the matrix and fiber/matrix interface properties. The research findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of tensile property modifications by TiO2 nanoparticles, as well as establishing a reference for the design of photocatalytic ECC for balanced functional and mechanical properties.
The hippocampal network model: A transdiagnostic metaconnectomic approach (2018)

This novel method of studying network covariance using VBM and functional meta-analytic techniques allows for the identification of generalizable patterns of functional and structural abnormalities pertaining to the hippocampus. In accordance with the NDH, this framework could have major implications in studying and predicting spatial disease patterns using network-based assays.
Thoracic CT-PET Registration Using a 3D Breathing Model (2007)

In the context of thoracic CT-PET volume registration, we present a novel method to incorporate a breathing model in a non-linear registration procedure, guaranteeing physiologically plausible deformations. The approach also accounts for the rigid motions of lung tumors during breathing. We performed a set of registration experiments on one healthy and four pathological data sets. Initial results demonstrate the interest of this method to significantly improve the accuracy of multi-modal volume registration for diagnosis and radiotherapy applications. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.
Mechanoelectrical Feedback (2001)

Increases in ventricular load mediate a decrease in ventricular APD and refractoriness through activation of the beta-adrenergic receptor. An increase in a cAMP-mediated K(+) current, possibly the slowly activating delayed rectifier I(Ks), may account in part for this form of mechanoelectrical coupling.
Relationship between field emission property and composition of carbon nanotube paste for large area cold cathode (2004)

Carbon nanotube (CNT) paste was prepared by a mixture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes powders synthesized by arc discharge, organic vehicles and inorganic binders. We investigated rheological properties of CNT paste using a rheometer. In order to obtain the fine dispersion of CNTs in paste, pass time of 3-roll mill was increased from 3–15. However, emission current density was decreased with an increase in pass time of 3-roll mill because of an increase in the interaction among CNT powders, organic vehicles and inorganic binder. It was found that emission property of a CNT paste depends mainly on the concentration of inorganic binder and firing time. We obtained good emission property by using a CNT paste with 30 wt% inorganic binders after treatment at 350 °C for 30 min.
GA-optimization for finding decoupling capacitors to damp the rectangular power-bus resonances (2007)

The Genetic Algorithm(GA) is suggested to find the decoupling capacitors for suppressing the cavity-mode resonances in the PCB Power-bus structure. The optimal positions and circuital values of decoupling capacitors are efficiently determined to selectively mitigate specific resonance peaks. The optimization of the damping is validated with the measurement and develops to multi-resonance modes’ damping.