gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive profile of circulating RNAs in human serum (2017)

ABSTRACT Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules have fundamental roles in cells and many are also stable in body fluids as extracellular RNAs. In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the profile of small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) in human serum. We analyzed 10 billion lllumina reads from 477 serum samples, included in the Norwegian population-based Janus Serum Bank (JSB). We found that the core serum RNA repertoire includes 258 micro RNAs (miRNA), 441 piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNA), 411 transfer RNAs (tRNA), 24 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA), 125 small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and 123 miscellaneous RNAs (misc-RNA). We also investigated biological and technical variation in expression, and the results suggest that many RNA molecules identified in serum contain signs of biological variation. They are therefore unlikely to be random degradation by-products. In addition, the presence of specific fragments of tRNA, snoRNA, Vault RNA and Y_RNA indicates protection from degradation. Our results suggest that many circulating RNAs in serum can be potential biomarkers.
Crystal and molecular structure of (.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonato)iron(II) dicarbonyl: a strong electrostatic iron-triflate interaction (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of (.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonato)iron(II) dicarbonyl: a strong electrostatic iron-triflate interactionM. Beth Humphrey, W. M. Lamanna, M. Brookhart, and G. Ronald HuskCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 22, 3355–3358Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00164a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00164a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An inter-species protein-protein interaction network across vast evolutionary distance (2016)

In cellular systems, biophysical interactions between macromolecules underlie a complex web of functional interactions. How biophysical and functional networks are coordinated, whether all biophysical interactions correspond to functional interactions, and how such biophysical‐versus‐functional network coordination is shaped by evolutionary forces are all largely unanswered questions. Here, we investigate these questions using an “inter‐interactome” approach. We systematically probed the yeast and human proteomes for interactions between proteins from these two species and functionally characterized the resulting inter‐interactome network. After a billion years of evolutionary divergence, the yeast and human proteomes are still capable of forming a biophysical network with properties that resemble those of intra‐species networks. Although substantially reduced relative to intra‐species networks, the levels of functional overlap in the yeast–human inter‐interactome network uncover significant remnants of co‐functionality widely preserved in the two proteomes beyond human–yeast homologs. Our data support evolutionary selection against biophysical interactions between proteins with little or no co‐functionality. Such non‐functional interactions, however, represent a reservoir from which nascent functional interactions may arise.
Understanding the Decreased Segmental Dynamics of Supported Thin Polymer Films Reported by Incoherent Neutron Scattering (2015)

Incoherent neutron scattering (INS) has commonly reported a suppression of segmental dynamics for supported thin polymer films as thickness is decreased, which is counter to expectations based on other measurement techniques such as ellipsometry and fluorescence. Here INS is utilized to measure the dynamics of thin films of comb polystyrene (PS) from 50 to 525 K. There is a significant suppression in dynamics as determined from the ∼5 ns Debye–Waller factor, ⟨u2⟩, as measured via INS for films as thick as 213 nm, while there is no change in the glass transition temperature (Tg) as determined by ellipsometry for films as thin as 20 nm. This poor correlation between Tg from ellipsometry and dynamics as measured by ⟨u2⟩ is attributed to contamination of nanosecond ⟨u2⟩ by incipient relaxation processes, differences in sensitivity to the postulated dynamically dead layer near the substrate due to the relative weighting of the distribution of dynamics between the two techniques, differences in the time scales probed, and possible decoupling between fast and slow dynamics under nanoconfinement. These results suggest that branching of PS significantly increases the interactions with the substrate to suppress the dynamics. Both technique-specific sensitivity to time scales and its weighing of the average over the gradient in dynamic properties present at the interfaces are important to consider when qualitatively different phenomena are inferred from different measurements.
Compact near-eye display system using a superlens-based microlens array magnifier (2015)

A new type of very compact optical element for a near-eye display (NED) that uses a pair of microlens arrays (MLAs) is presented. The MLA pair works in conjunction to form a magnifier (collimator). The purpose of this is to aid in the accommodation of the eye on a head-up display that is positioned within several centimeters from the eye; the MLA pair collimates the light rays departing from the display thereby generating a virtual image of the display at optical infinity. By using the MLA pair, we are able to make a collimator that retains a thin profile of about 2 mm in thickness with a system focal length of about 7 mm.
Une étude longitudinale de l’élaboration des projets des alternant-e-s dans deux formations du supérieur court (2018)

Dans les pays industrialises, la duree de scolarisation s’allonge, formant des cohortes d’individus de plus en plus diplomes. Dans un contexte de fort taux du chomage en France et plus particulierement des jeunes, l’alternance (et plus particulierement l’apprentissage) est promue comme « la » solution par les institutions. L’alternance aurait des vertus en termes de professionnalisation et d’insertion dans l’emploi par une logique d’adequation formation-emploi. Cependant, la population des alternant e s ne constitue pas un miroir fidele de la composition des jeunes en formation sur le territoire national en termes de mixite sociale, de sexe ou des origines. Parmi ces jeunes, certain-e-s choisissent une formation en alternance du superieur court – dont l’objectif est l’insertion rapide – avec des destinees differentes : le marche de l’emploi ou la poursuite de leur formation. Dans ce contexte, notre recherche s’interesse a l’elaboration du projet d’orientation et professionnel des alternant-e-s engage-e-s dans des formations dispensees par des organismes prives dans deux specialites transversales aux secteurs d’activites des entreprises. L’objectif de cette recherche est de mieux comprendre la dynamique des processus en jeu durant cette periode et leur impact sur les projets et leurs concretisations en fin de formation. Dans cette perspective, notre travail se concretise par une recherche qualitative et longitudinale avec une focalisation sur les relations entre les environnements, les comportements et la personne. L’analyse montre que le recrutement est une rencontre « forcee » entre des entreprises de tailles differentes et des publics aux intentions et aux origines diverses (specialites, voies de formation, statuts). Cette rencontre produit des effets differents tout au long de la formation en fonction de la biographie des individus sans bouleverser les habitus de genre du monde du travail
Energy and the Internet (2008)

The issue of energy consumption in ICT equipment is attracting increasing attention. This paper presents a model of energy consumption in the Internet and uses this model to estimate how Internet energy consumption will scale with increasing network traffic.
Computational Studies of Structure and Catalytic Activity of Vanadia for Propane Oxidative Dehydrogenation (2013)

Understanding catalysis at a molecular level is the key to improving catalytic activity and the rational design of the next generation of catalysts. Despite the development of new surface science research techniques, characterization of surface catalytic sites still remain challenging due to the complexities of catalytic surfaces. Computational chemistry provides reaction studies at the molecular level and has become a very powerful tool for investigating catalysis. In this chapter, we review computational studies of supported vanadium oxide as a catalyst for the propane oxidative dehydrogenation reaction. The determination of the structure of active catalytic sites, elucidation of reaction mechanisms, and structure-activity relationships will be reviewed.
Effect of SLCO1B3 Haplotype on Testosterone Transport and Clinical Outcome in Caucasian Patients with Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer (2008)

The common SLCO1B3 GG/AA haplotype is associated with impaired testosterone transport and improved survival in patients with prostatic cancer.
The pectinate zone is stiff and the arcuate zone determines passive basilar membrane mechanics in the gerbil (2018)

The gerbil basilar membrane (BM) differs from other mammalian BMs in that the lower collagen-fiber layer of the pectinate zone (PZ) forms an arch, the upper fiber layer is flat, and ground substance separates the two layers. The role of this arch has been unknown, but can be elucidated by models. In the standard simple beam model (SBM), the upper and lower collagen-fiber layers of the BM are represented as a single layer in both the PZ and the arcuate zone (AZ). In our new arch-beam model (ABM), the upper fiber layer is flat, the lower layer forms an arch in the PZ, and the two layers combine to form the flat portion of the BM in the AZ. This design is incorporated into a 3D finite-element tapered-box model of the cochlea with viscous fluid. We find in the model that the PZ rotates as a rigid body, so its specific properties have little influence, while the AZ thickness and collagen volume fraction primarily determine passive BM mechanics.
Generating Defective Epoxy Drop Images for Die Attachment in Integrated Circuit Manufacturing via Enhanced Loss Function CycleGAN (2023)

In integrated circuit manufacturing, defects in epoxy drops for die attachments are required to be identified during production. Modern identification techniques based on vision-based deep neural networks require the availability of a very large number of defect and non-defect epoxy drop images. In practice, however, very few defective epoxy drop images are available. This paper presents a generative adversarial network solution to generate synthesized defective epoxy drop images as a data augmentation approach so that vision-based deep neural networks can be trained or tested using such images. More specifically, the so-called CycleGAN variation of the generative adversarial network is used by enhancing its cycle consistency loss function with two other loss functions consisting of learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS) and a structural similarity index metric (SSIM). The results obtained indicate that when using the enhanced loss function, the quality of synthesized defective epoxy drop images are improved by 59%, 12%, and 131% for the metrics of the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), universal image quality index (UQI), and visual information fidelity (VIF), respectively, compared to the CycleGAN standard loss function. A typical image classifier is used to show the improvement in the identification outcome when using the synthesized images generated by the developed data augmentation approach.
The Majority of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Septin Complexes Do Not Exchange Guanine Nucleotides (2004)

We show here that affinity-purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae septin complexes contain stoichiometric amounts of guanine nucleotides, specifically GTP and GDP. Using a (15)N-dilution assay read-out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we determined that the majority of the bound guanine nucleotides do not turn over in vivo during one cell cycle period. In vitro, the isolated S. cerevisiae septin complexes have similar GTP binding and hydrolytic properties to the Drosophila septin complexes (Field, C. M., al-Awar, O., Rosenblatt, J., Wong, M. L., Alberts, B., and Mitchison, T. J. (1996) J. Cell Biol. 133, 605-616). In particular, the GTP turnover of septins is very slow when compared with the GTP turnover for Ras-like GTPases. We conclude that bound GTP and GDP play a structural, rather then regulatory, role for the majority of septins in proliferating cells as GTP does for alpha-tubulin.
Highly field sensitive and thermally stable dc magnetron sputtered soft Ni/sub 81/Fe/sub 19//Cu multilayers (1998)

Very soft (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ~lOe), high field sensitivity (0.44%/Oe) and thermally stable giant magneto- resistance (GMR) properties have been demonstrated in planetary DC magnetron sputtered Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">81</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sub> /Cu multilayers (MLs) around the well-defined 2nd antiferromagnetic (AF) coupling peak. These magnetic properties are very promising for magnetic head application. X-ray diffraction data and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the multilayers are high-quality laying structures with coherent interfaces. Most importantly, it was found that these as-deposited samples, with no Fe buffer layer, only exhibit a strong fcc (111) out-of-plane orientation. This is in contrast to the ion-beam deposition case, where GMR effect is strongly correlated to the Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">81</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sub> and Cu (200) crystallite orientation.
−1 V Bias 56 Gbps Germanium Waveguide p-i-n Photodetector with Silicon Contacts (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. Chen, P. Verheyen, P. De Heyn, G. Lepage, J. De Coster, P. Absil, G. Roelkens, and J. Van Campenhout, "−1 V Bias 56 Gbps Germanium Waveguide p-i-n Photodetector with Silicon Contacts," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper Tu2D.6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Hausdorff dimension of the CLE gasket (2014)

The conformal loop ensemble $\mathrm{CLE}_{\kappa}$ is the canonical conformally invariant probability measure on noncrossing loops in a proper simply connected domain in the complex plane. The parameter $\kappa$ varies between $8/3$ and $8$; $\mathrm{CLE}_{8/3}$ is empty while $\mathrm{CLE}_{8}$ is a single space-filling loop. In this work, we study the geometry of the $\mathrm{CLE}$ gasket, the set of points not surrounded by any loop of the $\mathrm{CLE}$. We show that the almost sure Hausdorff dimension of the gasket is bounded from below by $2-(8-\kappa)(3\kappa-8)/(32\kappa)$ when $4<\kappa<8$. Together with the work of Schramm–Sheffield–Wilson [Comm. Math. Phys. 288 (2009) 43–53] giving the upper bound for all $\kappa$ and the work of Nacu–Werner [J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 83 (2011) 789–809] giving the matching lower bound for $\kappa\le4$, this completes the determination of the $\mathrm{CLE}_{\kappa}$ gasket dimension for all values of $\kappa$ for which it is defined. The dimension agrees with the prediction of Duplantier–Saleur [Phys. Rev. Lett. 63 (1989) 2536–2537] for the FK gasket.
Ethnicity, Socio-Cultural Change, and Housing Needs (1999)

Polyethnic societies present some key implictions for planners. Discrimination against, and harassment of, minorities is worryingly universal, and planning professions in all soceties need to recognize and address these isues. Planning practice needs to reflect an awareness of the implications of difference while incorporating an understanding of prcesses of social change in relation to minority and migrant groups, specifically, changes in household size and/or structure and orienttion toward the housing market. The core empirical data of the paper comes from the 1991 Census of Population and a major study of housing needs in a large district in northern England. Although focused substantively on British debates and data, most of the concerns addressed in this paper have an element of universality.
Stabilizing shape memory alloy actuator performance through cyclic shakedown: an empirical study (2008)

Shape memory alloy (SMA) wires are used increasingly in place of traditional actuators because of their compactness, high work density, low cost, ruggedness, high force generation, and relatively large strains. One well known issue with SMA wires is degradation in performance as actuation cycles accumulate, with significant reductions observed as soon as only tens or hundreds of cycles; thus, manufacturers typically recommend very conservative limits on the operation regime. This paper introduces an alternative approach of cycling or "shaking down" SMA wires under controlled conditions prior to installation. This enables the designer to design to the stable post-shakedown specification of the wire to produce actuators with repeatable larger forcing capabilities. This paper presents a preliminary experimental study which explores the functional dependence of shakedown performance on loading and strain history. A methodology is developed by which an SMA wire can be thermally cycled under electrical heating and the performance characterized with a double-exponential empirical model fit which captures the steady state performance of the wire and the rate at which shakedown occurs. Several sets of experiments are conducted to explore the functional dependence of the shakedown performance varying the load applied (29 to 78N), the allowed strain (4 to 7%), and the form of the loading function (linear spring vs. constant). These experimental studies expose important shakedown parameters affecting SMA actuator performance and provide a first step towards creating detailed SMA wire shakedown protocols tailored to the application that will enable the design of higher performance, stable SMA actuators.
Artificial intelligence and auditing in small‐ and medium‐sized firms: Expectations and applications (2022)

Abstract Auditing is a field of expertise often mentioned as being ripe for automation using artificial intelligence methods at all levels of operations. Primarily, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the auditing profession is done by and for large organizations, leveraging large datasets. While AI approaches for big data are continually improving, methods for small data are scarce. Yet most firms in the world employ fewer than 50 people and can, therefore, rarely rely on big data for automation. In our study, we ask auditors, who mainly audit SMEs, about their expectations towards the impact of AI on the auditing profession and where they expect it to provide the most value when it comes to auditing SMEs. We find that these auditors expect significant improvements in their own efficiency on the job, that learning to use AI applications will not be a challenge for them, and that the use of AI in auditing firms will become mandatory in the future. They expect the performance of certain tasks to become AI‐augmented, including risk assessment of individual transactions, conducting audit interviews, performing all manners of analysis, writing confirmation letters, performing the final verification of annual reports, and performing physical observations. Considering these results, we discuss the potential impact of these developments, such as how AI could make the auditing process more effective and efficient but also how AI could lead to an even higher concentration of the auditing service industry.
Enhancing the Catalytic Properties of Ruthenium Nanoparticle-SILP Catalysts by Dilution with Iron (2016)

The partial replacement of ruthenium by iron (“dilution”) provided enhanced catalytic activities and selectivities for bimetallic iron–ruthenium nanoparticles immobilized on a supported ionic liquid phase (FeRuNPs@SILP). An organometallic synthetic approach to the preparation of FeRuNPs@SILP allowed for a controlled and flexible incorporation of Fe into bimetallic FeRu NPs. The hydrogenation of substituted aromatic substrates using bimetallic FeRuNPs@SILP showed high catalytic activities and selectivities for the reduction of a variety of unsaturated moieties without saturation of the aromatic ring. The formation of a bimetallic phase not only leads to an enhanced differentiation of the hydrogenation selectivity, but even reversed the order of functional group hydrogenation in certain cases. In particular, bimetallic FeRuNPs@SILP (Fe:Ru = 25:75) were found to exhibit accelerated reaction rates for C═O hydrogenation within furan-based substrates which were >4 times faster than monometallic RuNPs@SILP. Thus, the controlled incorporation of the non-noble metal into the bimetallic phase provided novel catalytic properties that could not be obtained using either of the monometallic catalysts.