gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Reactive Compatibilization of a PBT/LCP Blend: Catalyst Effect (1997)

Abstract The in situ compatibilization of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) with liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) via catalyzed transesterification reaction was examined through thermal, rheological, morphological and mechanical studies. The addition of catalyst, dibutyltindilaurate, was found to promote the transesterification between PBT and LCP. Maintenance of high vacuum environment was required to produce the high molecular weight copolymers in the reactor, which, acting at the interface, diminished the size of the dispersed phase (LCP) and enhanced interfacial adhesion that led to an early increase of the flexural strength. Flexural strength was reduced after long time reaction due to the chain scission. Transesterification confirmed by NMR spectroscopic analysis played a major role in the interchange process.
Glassy‐Crystalline Nanostructured Polymers Via Reactive Blending (2006)

Abstract Nanostructured glassy‐crystalline blends were obtained by reactive blending of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), or of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐ b ‐poly‐(n‐butyl acrylate)‐ b ‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (MBM) triblock copolymer, with polyamide‐6 (PA). The PMMA chain, or block, contains a low fraction of glutaric anhydride units which are strongly reactive toward the terminal amino group of PA. Under the blending conditions the grafting reaction is very efficient leading to a high fraction of graft copolymer. When the PA is short, M n = 2500, nanostructured blends are obtained with both PMMA and MBM while for longer PA, M n = 15000, nanostructures form only with the triblock MBM copolymer. The intrinsic property of MBM to self‐organize in lamellar‐like morphology seems to favour the nanostructure formation in the final blend. The resulting materials exhibit unique properties such as transparency, creep resistance and solvent resistance.
Ultrahigh-resolution full-field optical coherence tomography using spatial coherence gating and quasi-monochromatic illumination (2012)

We developed an ultrahigh-resolution full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) microscope that is based on the spatial, rather than the temporal, coherence gating. The microscope is capable of observing three-dimensional microbiological structures as small as 0.4 μm × 0.4 μm × 1.0 μm (xyz) using quasi-monochromatic light and a liquid crystal retarder. Unlike traditional FF-OCT systems, this microscope can be operated in high resolution for any preferable wavelength with minimized defocusing and dispersion effects. High-resolution images of an onion cell are presented.
Mineralization of RDX-Derived Nitrogen to N2 via Denitrification in Coastal Marine Sediments (2015)

Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a common constituent of military explosives. Despite RDX contamination at numerous U.S. military facilities and its mobility to aquatic systems, the fate of RDX in marine systems remains largely unknown. Here, we provide RDX mineralization pathways and rates in seawater and sediments, highlighting for the first time the importance of the denitrification pathway in determining the fate of RDX-derived N. (15)N nitro group labeled RDX ((15)N-[RDX], 50 atom %) was spiked into a mesocosm simulating shallow marine conditions of coastal Long Island Sound, and the (15)N enrichment of N2 (δ(15)N2) was monitored via gas bench isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GB-IRMS) for 21 days. The (15)N tracer data were used to model RDX mineralization within the context of the broader coastal marine N cycle using a multicompartment time-stepping model. Estimates of RDX mineralization rates based on the production and gas transfer of (15)N2O and (15)N2 ranged from 0.8 to 10.3 μmol d(-1). After 22 days, 11% of the added RDX had undergone mineralization, and 29% of the total removed RDX-N was identified as N2. These results demonstrate the important consideration of sediment microbial communities in management strategies addressing cleanup of contaminated coastal sites by military explosives.
Continuous exploitative measurement trajectories using Bayesian optimisation (2019)

Line-based sampling strategies aim to capture as much information as possible along a trajectory, whilst minimizing the trajectory's length.The current state of the art primarily contains exploration techniques that focus on uniformly sampling the measurement space.In this work, Bayesian optimization is used to create a novel exploitative line-based sampling strategy, that is able to guide the sampling process towards interesting regions.
Chronic mild stress increases alcohol intake in mice with low dopamine D2 receptor levels. (2012)

Alcohol use disorders emerge from a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Stress and dopamine D2 receptor levels (DRD2) have been shown to play a central role in alcoholism. To better understand the interactions between DRD2 and stress in ethanol intake behavior, we subjected Drd2 wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/-), and knockout (-/-) mice to 4 weeks of chronic mild stress (CMS) and to an ethanol two-bottle choice during CMS weeks 2-4. Prior to and at the end of the experiment, the animals were tested in the forced swim and open field tests. We measured ethanol intake and preference, immobility in the force swim test, and activity in the open field. We show that under no CMS, Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice had lower ethanol intake and preference compared with Drd2+/+. Exposure to CMS decreased ethanol intake and preference in Drd2+/+ and increased them in Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice. At baseline, Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice had significantly lower activity in the open field than Drd2+/+, whereas no genotype differences were observed in the forced swim test. Exposure to CMS increased immobility during the forced swim test in Drd2+/- mice, but not in Drd2+/+ or Drd2-/- mice, and ethanol intake reversed this behavior. No changes were observed in open field test measures. These findings suggest that in the presence of a stressful environment, low DRD2 levels are associated with increased ethanol intake and preference and that under this condition, increased ethanol consumption could be used as a strategy to alleviate negative mood.
1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine GluN2B-Selective Negative Allosteric Modulators (2019)

Herein, we disclose a series of selective GluN2B negative allosteric modulators containing a 1<i>H</i>-pyrrolo[3,2-<i>b</i>]pyridine core. Lead optimization efforts included increasing brain penetration as well as decreasing cytochrome P450 inhibition and hERG channel binding. The series was also optimized to reduce metabolic turnover in human and rat. Compounds <b>9</b>, <b>25</b>, <b>30</b>, and <b>34</b> have good in vitro GluN2B potency and good predicted absorption, but moderate to high projected clearance. They were assessed in vivo to determine their target engagement. All four compounds achieved >75% receptor occupancy after an oral dose of 10 mg/kg in rat. Compound <b>9</b> receptor occupancy was measured in a dose-response experiment, and its ED<sub>50</sub> was found to be 2.0 mg/kg.
Statin Drugs Do Not Affect Serum Complement Activation In Vitro (2004)

Statin drugs prevent coronary heart disease through anti-inflammatory mechanisms in addition to the well-known reduction of low-density lipoproteins. The complement system plays an essential role in the inflammatory response and has been postulated to be modified by statins. A direct role for statins in complement activation, however, has not been previously investigated. We therefore studied the effect of statins on in vitro complement activation. Pravastatin, atorvastatin and the active metabolite of the latter, ortho-hydroxy atorvastatin, were added to normal human serum and incubated for 1 h in the absence or presence of aggregated immunoglobulin (classical pathway activation) or cobra venom factor (alternative pathway activation). The degree of complement activation, as detected by specific complement-activation products for the classical pathway (C1rs-C1-inhibitor complexes), the combined classical and lectin pathway (C4bc), the alternative pathway (C3bBbP) and the final common pathway (C3bc and TCC), was not affected by pre-incubation of the serum with any of the statins. Statins do not affect complement activation directly, but indirect effects in vivo may well be operative.
PiFlow: A Biocompatible Low-Cost Programmable Dynamic Flow Pumping System Utilizing a Raspberry Pi Zero and Commercial Piezoelectric Pumps (2017)

Abstract With the rise of research utilizing microphysiological systems (MPSs), the need for tools that enable the physiological mimicking of the relevant cellular environment is vital. The limited ability to reproduce crucial features of the microenvironment, such as surrounding fluid flow and dynamic changes in biochemical stimuli, severely limits the types of experiments that can be carried out. Current equipment to achieve this, such as syringe and peristaltic pumps, is expensive, large, difficult to program and has limited potential for scalability. Here, we present a new pumping platform that is open-source, low-cost, modular, scalable, fully-programmable and easy to assemble that can be incorporated into cell culture systems to better recapitulate physiological environments. By controlling two commercially available piezoelectric pumps using a Raspberry Pi Zero microcontroller, the system is capable of producing arbitrary dynamic flow profiles with reliable flow rates ranging from 1 to 3,000 µL/min as specified by an easily programmable Python-based script. We validated the accuracy of the flow rates, the use of time-varying profiles, and the practicality of the system by creating repeatable dynamic concentration profiles using a 3D-printed static micromixer.
Test data for relational queries (1985)

An automatic technique for generating a comprehensive test database for a given query is studied. The test database is large enough to cover all essentially different situations under the given set of dependencies, and also large enough to illustrate the effect of each operation appearing in the query. On the other hand, the database attempts to do this in a minimal way. The method can be applied in the testing of queries, e.g. as an aid in learning a new query language.
Force‐Controlled Fluidic Injection into Single Cell Nuclei (2012)

Surpassing the physical barriers of the cytoplasmic and nuclear membranes to deliver biomolecules directly into cell nuclei offers opportunities to investigate dynamic processes in living cells. The potential of atomic force microscopy coupled to microfluidics (FluidFM) for volume-controlled intranuclear delivery is demonstrated, whereby minimally invasive microchanneled probes are remotely driven with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Deploying CommunityCommands: A Software Command Recommender System Case Study (2015)

In 2009 we presented the idea of using collaborative filtering within a complex software application to help users learn new and relevant commands (Matejka et al. 2009). This project continued to evolve and we explored the design space of a contextual software command recommender system and completed a six‐week user study (Li et al. 2011). We then expanded the scope of our project by implementing CommunityCommands, a fully functional and deployable recommender system. CommunityCommands was a publically available plug‐in for Autodesk's flagship software application AutoCAD. During a one‐year period, the recommender system was used by more than 1100 users. In this article, we discuss how our practical system architecture was designed to leverage Autodesk's existing customer involvement program (CIP) data to deliver in‐product contextual recommendations to end users. We also present our system usage data and payoff, and provide an in‐depth discussion of the challenges and design issues associated with developing and deploying the software command recommender system. Our work sets important groundwork for the future development of recommender systems within the domain of end user software learning assistance.
Efficient Access to Azaindoles and Indoles. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[Current data on the pharmacology of rilmenidine]. (1989)

Oral rilmenidine (1 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks) significantly reduces the blood pressure and heart rate of conscious barodenervated dogs. A dose-dependent decrease in blood pressure and heart rate has been demonstrated with intraveinous rilmenidine (0.1 to 1 mg/kg) in pentobarbitone anaesthetised spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Chronic subcutaneous administration of rilmenidine (5 to 15 mg/kg/day) also produces a dose-dependent decrease of these two parameters in conscious SHR. In addition, rilmenidine reduces plasma noradrenaline and the liberation of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla; these actions could contribute to its antihypertensive effect. The hypotensive effect of rilmenidine, clonidine and related molecules, is due to a reduction in sympathetic tone of central or peripheral origin. Although rilmenidine binds to alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, it does not cause sedation in animal models: it does not prolong barbiturate-induced sleep in the mouse and rat at doses of up to 10 mg/kg and does not affect spontaneous locomotor activity in the rat at doses of up to 2.5 mg/kg. The results show a dissociation of the sedative and antihypertensive effects of rilmenadine. The almost complete absence of sedation in animal models may be explained by: as yet unknown properties inhibiting sedation, a preferential peripheral site of action and/or the presence of separate central receptors accounting for the sedative or hypotensive effects. The precise mechanism of the hypotensive effects of rilmenidine is currently under study. The binding of rilmenidine at central "imidazoline receptor" sites responsible for the regulation of the blood pressure could explain its mode of action and why its pharmacological profile is different to that of other centrally acting hypotensive agents.
Engineering of PEDF-Expressing Primary Pigment Epithelial Cells by the SB Transposon System Delivered by pFAR4 Plasmids (2017)

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD) is characterized by choroidal blood vessels growing into the subretinal space, leading to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell degeneration and vision loss. Vessel growth results from an imbalance of pro-angiogenic (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) and anti-angiogenic factors (e.g., pigment epithelium-derived factor [PEDF]). Current treatment using intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF antibodies improves vision in about 30% of patients but may be accompanied by side effects and non-compliance. To avoid the difficulties posed by frequent intravitreal injections, we have proposed the transplantation of pigment epithelial cells modified to overexpress human PEDF. Stable transgene integration and expression is ensured by the hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposon system delivered by pFAR4 miniplasmids, which have a backbone free of antibiotic resistance markers. We demonstrated efficient expression of the PEDF gene and an optimized PEDF cDNA sequence in as few as 5 × 10<sup>3</sup> primary cells. At 3 weeks post-transfection, PEDF secretion was significantly elevated and long-term follow-up indicated a more stable secretion by cells transfected with the optimized PEDF transgene. Analysis of transgene insertion sites in human RPE cells showed an almost random genomic distribution. The results represent an important contribution toward a clinical trial aiming at a non-viral gene therapy of nvAMD.
The Origin of Improved Electrical Double‐Layer Capacitance by Inclusion of Topological Defects and Dopants in Graphene for Supercapacitors (2016)

Abstract Low‐energy density has long been the major limitation to the application of supercapacitors. Introducing topological defects and dopants in carbon‐based electrodes in a supercapacitor improves the performance by maximizing the gravimetric capacitance per mass of the electrode. However, the main mechanisms governing this capacitance improvement are still unclear. We fabricated planar electrodes from CVD‐derived single‐layer graphene with deliberately introduced topological defects and nitrogen dopants in controlled concentrations and of known configurations, to estimate the influence of these defects on the electrical double‐layer (EDL) capacitance. Our experimental study and theoretical calculations show that the increase in EDL capacitance due to either the topological defects or the nitrogen dopants has the same origin, yet these two factors improve the EDL capacitance in different ways. Our work provides a better understanding of the correlation between the atomic‐scale structure and the EDL capacitance and presents a new strategy for the development of experimental and theoretical models for understanding the EDL capacitance of carbon electrodes.
Variable block size transforms with higher order kernels for ultra-high definition video coding (2009)

In this paper, 16-order and 32-order integer transform kernels are designed for the HD video coding in H.264|MPEG-4 AVC and the performance analyses for large transforms are presented. An adaptive block size transform coding scheme is also proposed based on the proposed transform kernels. Thus, additional 16-order (16 &times; 16, 16 &times; 8 and 8&times;16) and 32-order (32&times;32, 32&times;16 and 16&times;32) transforms are performed in addition to 8&times;8 and 4&times;4 transforms which are exploited in the Fidelity Range Extension of H.264|MPEG-4 AVC. The experimental results show that the variable block size transforms with the proposed higher order transform kernels yields 14.96% of bit saving in maximum for HD video sequences.
Glucose Indices, Health Behaviors, and Incidence of Diabetes in Australia (2008)

Diabetes incidence is 10-20 times greater in those with IGT or IFG than those with normal glycemia. Measures of glycemia, A1C, metabolic syndrome components, education level, smoking, and physical inactivity are risk factors for diabetes.
RF MEMS capacitive switches for integration with printed circuits and antennas (2004)

RF MEMS capacitive switches fabricated using flexible printed circuit technology have been reported by our group recently. We report new switch designs for X/Ku-band operation and their mechanical and RF performance. For operation in the X/Ku-band frequency ranges, the switch plate dimensions have been reduced to 2/spl times/1 mm/sup 2/, which is a reduction of our earlier switch design (6/spl times/6 mm/sup 2/) by a factor of 18. This remarkable reduction in size necessitated significant improvements in the switch design. Specific improvements such as low pull-down voltage design, membrane warpage reduction, and improved RF design are discussed. The resistive bias arrangement for this type of switch is discussed. Pull-down voltage of these switch designs is in the range of 80-100 V. RF performance with insertion loss <0.3 dB and isolation >10 dB has been demonstrated in the frequency range of 8 to 20 GHz.
A designed peptide-based vaccine to combat Brucella melitensis, B. suis and B. abortus: Harnessing an epitope mapping and immunoinformatics approach (2022)

Vaccines against Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis have been based on weakened or killed bacteria, however there is no recombinant vaccine for disease prevention or therapy. This study attempted to predict IFN-γ epitopes, T cell cytotoxicity, and T lymphocytes in order to produce a multiepitope vaccine based on BtpA, Omp16, Omp28, virB10, Omp25, and Omp31 antigens against B. melitensis, B. abortus, and B. suis. AAY, GPGPG, and EAAAK peptides were used as epitope linkers, while the PADRE sequence was used as a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 agonist. The final construct included 389 amino acids, and was a soluble protein with a molecular weight of 41.3 kDa, and nonallergenic and antigenic properties. Based on molecular docking studies, molecular dynamics simulations such as Gyration, RMSF, and RMSD, as well as tertiary structure validation methods, the modeled protein had a stable structure capable of interacting with TLR2/4. As a result, this novel vaccine may stimulate immune responses in B and T cells, and could prevent infection by B. suis, B. abortus, and B. melitensis.
Supplemental Table 1-3 from SMAD4 Loss Is Associated with Cetuximab Resistance and Induction of MAPK/JNK Activation in Head and Neck Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 1. Summary of patient characteristics with newly diagnosed HNSCC. Supplemental Table 2. Summary of patient characteristics with recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC. Supplemental Table 3. Injection of FaDu-SMAD4 cells results in lower take rate in mice compared to the control cell line and shows no signs of metastatic lesion.&lt;/p&gt;
Stable, high-efficiency, CuInSe/sub 2/-based, polycrystalline, thin-film tandem solar cells: Final subcontract report, 16 March 1984-15 March 1987 (1987)

The long-term objective of this research was to obtain a stable, thin-film solar cell based on polycrystalline materials with an efficiency of 15%. The approach was to make a tandem cell based on CuInSe/sub 2//CdS as the bottom cell and CdTe/CdS as the top cell. An essential feature was to develop a CdTe cell with transport contacts. A suitable contacting system was developed using transparent conducting oxides (ITO and SnO/sub 2/) in conjunction with a thin layer of copper. Cells were made with efficiencies over 8.5%. A reproducible fabrication process for CuInSe/sub 2//(CdZn)S cells was developed based on CuInSe/sub 2/ films grown by vacuum evaporation using Knudsen-type effusion sources. These cells were made with efficiencies over 10%. The composition of the CuInSe/sub 2/ films can be varied over a considerable range and still yield high-efficiency cells. Adding Zn to the CdS did not increase the V/sub oc/ of the devices; analysis showed that the V/sub oc/ is not controlled by interface recombination. The effect of oxidizing and reducing heat treatments on CuInSe/sub 2/ cells is to change carrier concentration and thus V/sub oc/. Analysis suggests that J/sub o/ is controlled by band-to-band recombination. Monolithic tandem CuInSe/sub 2/ CdTe cells have been made with efficiencies of approx.3%, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach. 33 refs., 36 figs., 37 tabs.
Basic science of the knee and total knee arthroplasty (1992)

Log in or Register Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Register Login HomeCurrent IssuePrevious Issues Current Orthopaedic PracticeCurrent Opinion in Orthopaedics (1999-2007)Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (1976-2007) Published Ahead-of-PrintCOP eNewsMy CollectionsJournal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardInformation for AuthorsAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search