gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vortex Heat Transfer Enhancement in Narrow Channel by Oval Dimples Arrangement (2013)

There are many passive techniques of heat transfer enhancement ranging from surface (2D) to volumetric (3D) vortex generators, however only a few of them are capable to provide a reliable increase in a heat transfer rate overrunning the increase in pressure losses. One of such successful techniques is the profiling of a heat transfer surface with the regulated arrangement of 3D cavities (dimples). The authors explored that the deviation of the dimple geometry from the spherical shape affects the flow structure and thermal and hydraulic performance of the dimpled wall. Detailed numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer has been performed in the narrow channel with the 2.5 × 0.33 cross section normalized by the equivalent diameter of the dimple footprint at the constant Reynolds number Re = 10,000 and the constant heat flux through the dimpled wall. The oval dimple geometry was varied by changing the aspect ratio of the dimple footprint from 1 to 4.5 keeping the same footprint area. In the course of the numerical study, the optimal geometry, the arrangement and the orientation of oval dimples on the heated surface to achieve the superior thermal and hydraulic performance over the spherical cavities are established. Numerical results of local and integral heat transfer characteristics enhanced with the visual representation of the generated vortices clearly illustrated the flow restructuring and an increase in the thermal and hydraulic performance.
Sub 10nm patterning using DNA origami (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Patterning surface with structural DNA origami mask presents a major interest for nanolithography due to its modularity and high ability to achieve a high resolution with 3-5 nm. In this paper, we demonstrate a sub-ten-nanometer lithography process using anhydrous HF vapor into a SiO2 substrate (figure 1). After optimizing rinsing conditions on SiO2 substrate and HF etching process, we reach a high density (&lt;20 nm pitch) and high resolution (~10 nm CD) patterned surface with a fast etching rate of 0.2 nm.s-1. The resulting SiO2 patterns are used as hard mask in HBr/O2 plasma of Si substrate. Origami pattern features are conserved: lateral dimensions, morphology and structure. For the first time, we developed a high resolution (~10 nm) and high contrast (~65 nm) transfer of patterns into Si substrate. We will highlight the challenges brought by this new technology and demonstrate the feasibility to control this patterning technique. AFM technique has been previously tested to confirm the pattern fidelity. Using all the available imaging capabilities on the CDSEM, we will establish the best method for each layer to achieve the precision required for the targeted nodes of this technology. Beyond the resolution capabilities, the precise placement of the DNA pattern on the substrate is investigated. Based on a pre-patterning step using the nanoimprint technology, the affinity of the DNA with respect to the substrate is locally modified and its influence is analyzed. Thus, DNA origami appears like a promising approach for emerging and engineering of hard mask for patterning.
Pulsed amperometric detection of aliphatic alcohols in liquid chromatography (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPulsed amperometric detection of aliphatic alcohols in liquid chromatographyWilliam R. LaCourse, Dennis C. Johnson, Maria A. Rey, and Rosanne W. SlingsbyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 2, 134–139Publication Date (Print):January 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 January 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00002a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (683 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Actuation of untethered pneumatic artificial muscles and soft robots using magnetically induced liquid-to-gas phase transitions (2020)

Pneumatic artificial muscles have been widely used in industry because of their simple and relatively high-performance design. The emerging field of soft robotics has also been using pneumatic actuation mechanisms since its formation. However, these actuators/soft robots often require bulky peripheral components to operate. Here, we report a simple mechanism and design for actuating pneumatic artificial muscles and soft robotic grippers without the use of compressors, valves, or pressurized gas tanks. The actuation mechanism involves a magnetically induced liquid-to-gas phase transition of a liquid that assists the formation of pressure inside the artificial muscle. The volumetric expansion in the liquid-to-gas phase transition develops sufficient pressure inside the muscle for mechanical operations. We integrated this actuation mechanism into a McKibben-type artificial muscle and soft robotic arms. The untethered McKibben artificial muscle generated actuation strains of up to 20% (in 10 seconds) with associated work density of 40 kilojoules/meter<sup>3</sup>, which favorably compares with the peak strain and peak energy density of skeletal muscle. The untethered soft robotic arms demonstrated lifting objects with an input energy supply from only two Li-ion batteries.
Postringing analysis of an inductive power transfer system to determine the coupling factor (2014)

Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) techniques are gaining more and more interest in wireless power systems. The knowledge of the coupling factor of transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) coil is a crucial, but mostly during operation not available parameter for such systems. In this manuscript a novel method to determine the coupling factor by measuring the self-resonating frequency of the postringing signal in the TX is presented. The postringing signal occurs in bridge converter topologies, when the excitation is stopped. The cause of the postringing signal can be found in the free-wheeling diodes parallel to the MOSFETs that allow a current flow in the TX circuitry. The determination of the coupling factor with the postringing signal matches the results of benchmark methods, so that the properness of the novel method could be shown. Furthermore, the presented method has no additional hardware effort, since only a frequency measurement needs to be done. Thus, the measurements can be done on-the-fly during the application, so that the system can react on changes of the coupling factor.
Core-shell micro/nanocapsules: from encapsulation to applications (2023)

Encapsulation is the way to wrap or coat one substance as a core inside another tiny substance known as a shell at micro and nano scale for protecting the active ingredients from the exterior environment. A lot of active substances, such as flavours, enzymes, drugs, pesticides, vitamins, in addition to catalysts being effectively encapsulated within capsules consisting of different natural as well as synthetic polymers comprising poly(methacrylate), poly(ethylene glycol), cellulose, poly(lactide), poly(styrene), gelatine, poly(lactide-co-glycolide)s, and acacia. The developed capsules release the enclosed substance conveniently and in time through numerous mechanisms, reliant on the ultimate use of final products. Such technology is important for several fields counting food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, agriculture, and textile industries. The present review focuses on the most important and high-efficiency methods for manufacturing micro/nanocapsules and their several applications in our life.
miniAudicle and ChucK Shell: New Interfaces for ChucK Development and Performance (2006)

ChucK, a powerful audio synthesis programming language, currently supporting only a simple command line interface. Accompanying the ongoing development of the ChucK language is the production of two new interfaces for ChucK, the ChucK shell and the miniAudicle. The ChucK shell provides a lightweight method of access to ChucK in a shell-like console environment. The miniAudicle offers a powerful integrated solution to the ChucK development process and a framework for further enhancements to the ChucK programming environment. The miniAudicle also provides a set of generic user interface elements with which programmers can quickly construct graphical interfaces in ChucK programs. The miniAudicle streamlines and simplifies ChucK development, allowing ChucK programmers to focus on design and artistic issues while also exposing ChucK to computer musicians who are unfamiliar with or averse to the command line. Figure 1. The miniAudicle in action. 1
Melphalan monitoring during hyperthermic perfusion of isolated limb for melanoma: pharmacokinetic study and 99mTc-albumin microcolloid technique. (2001)

By studying the pharmacokinetic data of melphalan in the circuit and in the systemic circulation, we were able to validate the 99mTc procedure used during clinical perfusion. Moreover, considering the efficiency of the system as well as the minimum toxicity and the high survival rate, a reduction of perfusion time may be considered.
Selective hydrogenation of amides to alcohols in water solvent over a heterogeneous CeO2-supported Ru catalyst (2018)

CeO2-supported Ru (Ru/CeO2) worked as an effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the selective dissociation of the C-N bond in amides, particularly primary amides, with H2 in water solvent at low reaction temperature of 333 K, and high yields of the corresponding alcohols were obtained from primary amides.
GVU-PROCAMS (2006)

Front projection allows large displays to be deployed relatively easily. However, it is sometimes difficult to find a location to place a projector, especially for ad-hoc installations. Additionally, front projection suffers from shadows and occlusions, making it ill-suited for interactive displays. The GVU-PROCAMS system allows programmers to deploy projectors and displays easily in arbitrary locations by enabling enhanced keystone correction via warping on 3D hardware. In addition, it handles the calibration of multiple projectors using computer vision to produce a redundantly illuminated surface. Redundant illumination offers robustness in the face of occlusions, providing a user with the experience of a rear-projected surface. This paper presents a stand-alone application (WinPVRP) and a programming system (GVU-PROCAMS) that easily allows others to create projected displays with enhanced warping and redundant illumination.
Familial hyperaldosteronism (2000)

Aldosterone, the major circulating mineralocorticoid, participates in blood volume and serum potassium homeostasis. Primary aldosteronism is a disorder characterised by hypertension and hypokalaemia due to autonomous aldosterone secretion from the adrenocortical zona glomerulosa. Improved screening techniques, particularly application of the plasma aldosterone:plasma renin activity ratio, have led to a suggestion that primary aldosteronism may be more common than previously appreciated among adults with hypertension. Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA) was the first described familial form of hyperaldosteronism. The disorder is characterised by aldosterone secretory function regulated chronically by ACTH. Hence, aldosterone hypersecretion can be suppressed, on a sustained basis, by exogenous glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone in physiologic range doses. This autosomal dominant disorder has been shown to be caused by a hybrid gene mutation formed by a crossover of genetic material between the ACTH-responsive regulatory portion of the 11ss-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) gene and the coding region of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene. Familial hyperaldosteronism type II (FH-II), so named to distinguish the disorder from GRA or familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I), is characterised by autosomal dominant inheritance of autonomous aldosterone hypersecretion which is not suppressible by dexamethasone. Linkage analysis in a single large kindred, and direct mutation screening, has shown that this disorder is unrelated to mutations in the genes for aldosterone synthase or the angiotensin II receptor. The precise genetic cause of FH-II remains to be elucidated.
28-Gbaud InP Square or Hexagonal 16-QAM Modulator (2011)

We demonstrate a monolithic InP modulator that produces 28-Gbaud (112 Gb/s) square or hexagonal 16-QAM using four integrated amplitude/phase modulators. We achieve bit-error rates of 2.7×10−3 and 3.8×10−3, respectively.
Research on a seven-wafer Si-based combustor for micro power generation (2005)

The paper presents preliminary results of our ongoing research program aimed at developing a seven-wafer Si-based combustor for micro power generation. An iterative computing process is developed for both system and components design. Primary results on fabrication of the micro combustor are described. Sealing a Kovar tube to the Si structure of the micro combustor by Kovar-glass-Si bonding is discussed. Instrumentation for testing the combustor is established. A temperature of 955/spl deg/C near the exit of the combustor was observed.
Surface smoothing process for high-performance MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (2019)

We developed a surface smoothing technique for stacked Ta–B and Co–Fe–B amorphous layers in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) to yield a higher magnetoresistance (MR) ratio and stronger synthetic anti-ferromagnetic (SAF) coupling. The technique yielded an ultra-smooth surface (Ra ∼ 0.1 nm) for both amorphous films and gave rise to atomically flat interfaces at the subsequently deposited layers. Top-pin MTJs fabricated with the technique exhibited superior properties, such as an MR ratio up to 315% and strong SAF coupling exceeding 0.7 erg cm−3. The smoothing process for amorphous layers will be an important for fabricating the MTJs of high-performance spintronics devices.
Development of BiologicalDiversityand Susceptibility to Chemotherapy in MurineCancerMÃ©tastases (1984)

We studied the development of biological heterogeneity in a spontaneous melanoma metastasis of clonal origin as demon strated by karyotypic analysis. The metastatic potential and sensitivity to different chemotherapeutic agents varied both among and within clones of this metastasis isolated either in vitro or in vivo. This finding indicates that, even within a metas tasis of clonal origin, cellular heterogeneity for chemotherapy or metastatic potential can develop rapidly and provides a mecha nism for the emergence of resistance to therapy. Since most cancer deaths result from mA©tastasesthat do not respond to treatment, the implications of these findings for the treatment of cancer are clear. Treatment modalities must be designed that circumvent the biological heterogeneity that can develop rapidly within each metastasis and among mA©tastases.
Towards objectively evaluating the quality of generated medical summaries. (2021)

We propose a method for evaluating the quality of generated text by asking evaluators to count facts, and computing precision, recall, f-score, and accuracy from the raw counts. We believe this approach leads to a more objective and easier to reproduce evaluation. We apply this to the task of medical report summarisation, where measuring objective quality and accuracy is of paramount importance.
Novel duplex vapor-electrochemical method for silicon solar cells (1977)

A process was developed for the economic production of high purity Si from inexpensive reactants, based on the Na reduction of SiF4 gas. The products of reaction (NaF, Si) are separated by either aqueous leaching or by direct melting of the NaF-Si product mixture. Impurities known to degrade solar cell performance are all present at sufficiently low concentrations so that melt solidification (e.g., Czochralski) will provide a silicon material suitable for solar cells.
Electronic structure studies of nanocrystalline diamond grain boundaries (1999)

Diamond growth from hydrogen-poor plasmas results in diamond structures that are profoundly different from conventionally CVD-grown diamond. High concentration of carbon dimers in the microwave plasma results in a high rate of heterogeneous renucleation leading to formation of nanocrystalline diamond with a typical grain size of 3--10 nm. Therefore, up to 10% of carbon atoms are located in the grain boundaries. In this paper the authors report on density-functional based tight-binding molecular dynamics calculations of the structure of a {Sigma}13 twist (100) grain boundary in diamond. Beginning with a coincidence site lattice model, simulated annealing of the initial structure was performed at 1,500 K followed by relaxation toward lower temperatures. About one-half of the carbons in the grain boundary are found to be three-coordinated. Coordination numbers, bond length and bond angle distributions are analyzed and compared to those obtained in previous studies.
Implementation and Analysis of a New Selection Strategy for Adaptive Routing in Networks-on-Chip (2008)

Efficient and deadlock-free routing is critical to the performance of networks-on-chip. The effectiveness of any adaptive routing algorithm strongly depends on the underlying selection strategy. A selection function is used to select the output channel where the packet will be forwarded on. In this paper we present a novel selection strategy that can be coupled with any adaptive routing algorithm. The proposed selection strategy is based on the concept of Neighbors-on-Path the aims of which is to exploit the situations of indecision occurring when the routing function returns several admissible output channels. The overall objective is to choose the channel that will allow the packet to be routed to its destination along a path that is as free as possible of congested nodes. Performance evaluation is carried out by using a flit-accurate simulator under traffic scenarios generated by both synthetic and real applications. Results obtained show how the proposed selection strategy applied to the Odd-Even routing algorithm yields an improvement in both average delay and saturation point up to 20% and 30% on average respectively, with a minimal overhead in terms of area occupation. In addition, a positive effect on total energy consumption is also observed under near-congestion packet injection rates.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Soluble CD200 Is Critical to Engraft Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells in Immunocompromised Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 181K, Comparison of CD40, CD20, CD38, and CD49d expression on CLL cells engrafted in NOD.SCIDgammacnull mice and CLL cells from original spleen: Expression of CD40, CD20, CD38, and CD49d on cells gated on human CD45 expression from Sp6 (original; upper panel) and from peritoneal cavity of mice engrafted with Sp6 for 70 days (middle and lower panel). FACS staining data from 2 representative animals are shown.&lt;/p&gt;
Autoregulation of renal blood flow and pressure-dependent renin release in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease of rats. (1996)

The Han:SPRD (PKD) rat is a new animal model of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) which resembles many clinical and pathoanatomical features of human ADPKD. The aim of the present study was to analyse age-dependent changes in renal haemodynamics and renal renin secretion which could be of pathophysiological importance in the course of the disease. We investigated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), renal vascular resistance (RVR), plasma renin activity (PRA), the autoregulatory behaviour of RBF and the pressure-dependent plasma renin activity in conscious PKD rats compared with age-matched controls. Experiments were performed in conscious chronically instrumented PKD rats (age: 3 and 9 months) and their age-matched genetic controls. GFR in 3-(0.52 +/- 0.07 ml/min/100 g; n = 9) and 9-month-old (0.42 +/- 0.03 ml/min/100 g; n = 21) PKD rats were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than 3- (0.92 +/- 0.07 ml/min/100 g; n = 17) and 9-month-old (0.67 +/- 0.05 ml/min/100 g; n = 17) controls. Nine-month-old PKD revealed a significant (P < 0.005) resetting of the breakpoint of RBF autoregulation towards lower pressures (85.5 +/- 4.4 mmHg; n = 10) than either age-matched controls (102.8 +/- 2.5 mmHg; n = 11) or young PKD (107.5 +/- 4.4 mmHg; n = 6). The basal plasma renin activity was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in 3-month-old PKD than in old PKD and age-matched controls. A significant shift of threshold pressure for pressure-dependent renin release to lower pressures was observed in PKD rats. The observed improvement of autoregulatory reserve, at least in the low pressure range, could be of pathophysiological importance in delaying the progression of chronic renal failure in ADPKD. The suppression of the renin angiotensin system in young PKD could explain the fact that we did not observe hypertension in PKD rats, which is a major difference between this animal model and human ADPKD.
The Parkinson disease‐associated A30P mutation stabilizes α‐synuclein against proteasomal degradation triggered by heme oxygenase‐1 over‐expression in human neuroblastoma cells (2009)

Proteosomal degradation of proteins is one of the major mechanisms of intracellular protein turnover. Failure of the proteosome to degrade misfolded protein is implicated in the accumulation of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease (PD). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that converts heme to free iron, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin (bilirubin precursor) is expressed in response to various stressors. HO-1 is up-regulated in PD- and Alzheimer's disease-affected neural tissues. In this study, we found that HO-1 over-expression engenders dose-dependent decreases in alpha-synuclein protein levels in human neuroblastoma M17 cells. When over-expression of HO-1 was silenced in HO-1 transfected cells, level of alpha-synuclein was restored. Likewise, treatment of HO-1 over-expressing cells with the HO-1 inhibitor, tin mesoporphyrin, the iron chelator deferoxamine or antagonist of CO-dependent cGMP activation, methylene blue, mitigated the HO-1-induced reduction in alpha-synuclein levels. Furthermore, when HO-1 over-expressing cells were treated with the proteosome inhibitors, lactacystin and MG132, level of alpha-synuclein was almost completely restored. In contrast to the effect on alpha-synuclein [wild-type (WT)] levels, HO-1 over-expression did not significantly impact PD-associated alpha-synuclein (A30P) levels in these cells. HO-1 also significantly reduced aggregation of alpha-synuclein (WT) but not that of A30P. Our results suggest that HO-1, which is expressed when neurons are exposed to toxic stimuli capable of inducing protein misfolding, triggers proteosomal degradation of proteins and prevents intracellular accumulation of protein aggregates and inclusions. Resistance to HO-1 induced proteosomal degradation may render the familial PD-associated A30P mutation prone to toxic intracellular aggregation.