gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of the Baroreceptor Reflex System on Atrial Natriuretic Factor Secretion during Volume Expansion in Dogs (1989)

1. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the baroreceptor reflex system affects the secretion of atrial natriuretic factor directly or indirectly during acute volume expansion. 2. Lactated Ringer's solution containing low mol. wt. dextran was infused at 20 ml/kg for 1 h into dogs in which baroreceptors had been denervated surgically (Vx), dogs in which the autonomic system had been blocked with hexamethonium (Hx) and control dogs. 3. The plasma noradrenaline level was significantly higher in the Vx group and lower in the Hx group than in the control group throughout the experiment. The plasma levels of arginine vasopressin in the Vx and Hx groups were significantly higher than in the control group. 4. The plasma atrial natriuretic factor levels in the three groups showed similar increases during and after volume expansion. 5. The plasma atrial natriuretic factor level was significantly correlated with the right atrial pressure during volume expansion. 6. From these results, it seems unlikely that changes in the plasma level of atrial natriuretic factor during volume expansion are regulated by the baroreceptor reflex directly or indirectly by systemic changes in the sympathetic nervous system or arginine vasopressin secretion.
Biogenic Formic Acid as a Green Hydrogen Carrier (2017)

Abstract Formic acid (FA) is an important platform chemical that has numerous applications in the chemical and agricultural industries, as well as in the leather industry. To date, FA is exclusively produced from fossil raw materials using either carbonylation of methanol or acidolysis of formates. Here, sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches to produce biogenic FA from biomass (e.g., OxFA‐process) are presented and combined with different approaches for the catalytic decomposition of bio‐based FA solutions. Several homogeneous and heterogeneous approaches for the catalytic decomposition of aqueous FA to hydrogen and CO 2 are compared for their applicability. Moreover, their technical applications in fuel cells, as energy storage vectors, and as hydrogen storage molecules are discussed.
Time dependent diffusion coefficient in a disordered medium (1996)

We present a closed form expression for the diffusion coefficient in a dilute suspension of reflecting spheres, which is valid for all times. Our result is in agreement with general long and short time asymptotic results, which have been used in the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.
The WISE Approach to Electronic Commerce (2000)

The growing interest in Electronic Commerce practices has lead to a wide variety of models trying to capture the subtleties and complexities of the electronic marketplace. In this paper, we discuss a model based on trading communities, virtual business processes and virtual enterprises. These concepts are at the heart of the WISE (Workflow based Internet SErvices) project, where we have used them to drive the design and implementation of software tools for business to business electronic commerce. The paper briefly describes the model and shows how it is being used in practice as part of the WISE research effort. 1 Introduction Electronic commerce is a long established practice among companies which use information and communication technology to drive their everyday business transactions. In fact, some decades old retail chains are the direct result of electronic commerce practices. In spite of this proven success, electronic commerce has not been widely adopted until very rece...
Characteristics and Fertilizer Effects of Soil‐Like Materials from Landfill Mining (2015)

Landfills stock massive amounts of minerals and materials, where soil‐like material is the primary component of stored waste in old landfills. A typical old landfill (Yingchun landfill) in China was taken as a study case. The stored wastes were sampled from different depths of the landfill, and then the soil‐like materials were screened for further analysis. Physicochemical characteristics and the fertilizer quality of the soil‐like materials were analyzed and the fertilizer effects were studied by cultivating Impatiens balsamina L. with different mixed ratios of soil‐like materials and natural soils. According to the results, soil‐like materials accounted for 75.02% of the total stored wastes and were in an advanced state of decomposition. Soil‐like materials displayed a cation exchange capacity of 84.53 cmol(+) kg −1 , pH 8.14, and an electrical conductivity of 1190.55 μS cm −1 , and were also characterized by high levels of organic carbon and nutrient contents compared to natural soils. The total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium of soil‐like materials were 9.06, 0.16, 0.21, and 1.48%, respectively. Most of the heavy metal content was relatively lower than the law limits in China. However, As and Zn may have an environmental contamination risk. It could be shown that soil‐like materials could significantly promote growing and flowering of I. balsamina L., and were proved to be a valuable bio‐resource with utility as soil amendment, cultivating substrate, and raw materials for producing organic–inorganic compound fertilizers.
Instabilities Occurring in an Automotive A/C Loop Equipped with an Externally Controlled Compressor and a Thermal Expansion Valve (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The new compressor generation, called externally controlled compressors, is able to be electronically driven from zero to its maximum displacement. The cooling power can be adjusted to the exact need and this way the fuel consumption of the automotive A/C loop can be reduced. Unfortunately, for the mean and low thermal loads on the evaporator, this new opportunity is limited by A/C loop operation instabilities.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Thanks to an automatic approach of the coupling TxV - Evaporator, we can explain the origin of these instabilities and we can show the involvement of this new compressor generation.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Then we propose different improvements such as: &lt;ul class="list disc"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;a better account of the automatic parameters of the TxV and the evaporator (gains, time constants).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;a TxV setting modification.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;a new generation of TxV with a leakage.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;These solutions are discussed according to their interest.&lt;/div&gt;
Studies on smart materials and material systems for mechanical applications (2003)

The introduction of active, adaptive, smart or intelligent materials has created many new concepts and paradigms for system control and design in a wide range of disciplines. However, the smart system and its manufacturing process also encounter many issues, and fundamental research in characterization of newly developed smart materials and constitutive and fatigue models remains to be done. The primary focuses of this research project are to thoroughly investigate the fundamental working principles of newly developed smart materials and to develop the up-stream engineering technologies for smart materials and structures.
Environmentally safe preservation and stabilization of natural rubber latex in an acidic environment (2023)

Abstract Natural rubber is an indispensable raw material that supplies about half of the world's rubber consumption. The latex that is extracted from the trees is composed of polyisoprene rubber, proteins, sugars, amino acids, lipids, and minerals. When the liquid latex emanates from the trees, it comes into contact with bacteria that cause it to decompose and coagulate. To hinder the decomposition and destabilization process, ammonia and other environmental and health hazard chemicals are added to the latex. The addition of these chemicals affects the health of plantation and rubber industry workers and results in residues that are contaminated with these chemicals, which require that processing facility effluents undergo costly treatment processes. Here, we present two novel liquid latex preservation and stabilization methods in an acid medium free of ammonia or other dangerous chemicals. The first method uses dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid to both stabilise and preserve the liquid latex, and the second uses ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol to stabilise and hydrofluoric acid to preserve the colloidal suspension. Both formulations result in rubber with superior mechanical properties, that is safe for the rubber plantation and industry workers, and with residues that no longer adversely affect the environment.
A study of controlling of dielectric properties of Pb(Zr, Ti)O<sub>3</sub> thin film (2000)

This study shows the possibility of controlling dielectric or piezoelectric properties of PZT thin film by applying strain after the deposition. We investigate the relationship between applied strain and relative dielectric coefficient of PZT films deposited on SUS304 and SUS430 stainless steel. The results show that the relative dielectric coefficient increases with decreasing compressive strain. While the crystal orientation of PZT film deposited on SUS304 coincide with that on SUS430, the residual compressive strain in the former is different from the latter. We compare the dielectric properties of PZT film deposited on SUS304 with that on SUS430 at the same strains in the films. Dielectric properties of the former agree fairly well with those of the latter.
IL-1 induces IL-1. IV. IFN-gamma suppresses IL-1 but not lipopolysaccharide-induced transcription of IL-1. (1990)

IL-1 induces its own gene expression in human PBMC, in cultured smooth muscle and in endothelial cells. IL-1-induced IL-1 may be part of a self-amplification or an autocrine growth factor in a variety of responses, and thus the endogenous regulation of IL-1 production likely contributes to the outcome of immunologic or inflammatory responses. In the present study, IFN-gamma consistently increased LPS-induced IL-1, but reduced the total amount of IL-1-induced IL-1 from PBMC. This reduction was observed in populations of adherent cells and cells selected with anti-Leu M3 antibody. On a molar basis, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha 2 were equally effective in reducing IL-1-induced IL-1 synthesis. In PBMC of 24 human subjects, IFN-gamma also reduced PMA-induced IL-1 synthesis (67% decrease, p less than 0.001). The augmentation of LPS-stimulated IL-1 by IFN-gamma was observed only when added at the same time as LPS, but IFN-gamma could be added 6 h after stimulation with IL-1 and still suppress IL-1 production. LPS-induced mRNA for IL-1 beta was modestly enhanced by IFN-gamma whereas mRNA levels for TNF were markedly increased. In contrast, IFN-gamma suppressed mRNA accumulation for IL-beta after stimulation with IL-1 alpha by 60 to 95%. The addition of IFN-gamma 30 min before stimulation of PBMC with IL-1 suppressed IL-1 beta mRNA for up to 30 h. The half-life of IL-1 beta mRNA of approximately 2 h was not influenced by IFN-gamma. Thus, IFN-gamma reduces IL-1-induced IL-1 synthesis by suppressing IL-1-induced transcription, whereas the same concentrations of IFN-gamma augment LPS-induced IL-1 production by increasing transcription.
How neurons move during action potentials (2019)

Abstract Neurons undergo nanometer-scale deformations during action potentials, and the underlying mechanism has been actively debated for decades. Previous observations were limited to a single spot or the cell boundary, while movement across the entire neuron during the action potential remained unclear. We report full-field imaging of cellular deformations accompanying the action potential in mammalian neuron somas (−1.8nm~1.3nm) and neurites (−0.7nm~0.9nm), using fast quantitative phase imaging with a temporal resolution of 0.1ms and an optical pathlength sensitivity of &lt;4pm per pixel. Spike-triggered average, synchronized to electrical recording, demonstrates that the time course of the optical phase changes matches the dynamics of the electrical signal, with the optical signal revealing the intracellular potential rather than its time derivative detected via extracellular electrodes. Using 3D cellular morphology extracted via confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that the voltage-dependent changes in the membrane tension induced by ionic repulsion can explain the magnitude, time course and spatial features of the phase imaging. Our full-field observations of the spike-induced deformations in mammalian neurons opens the door to non-invasive label-free imaging of neural signaling.
Monitoring of peripheral vascular condition using a log-linearized arterial viscoelastic index during endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (2013)

This paper proposes a novel technique to support the monitoring of peripheral vascular conditions using biological signals such as electrocardiograms, arterial pressure values and pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveforms. In this approach, a second-order log-linearized model (referred to here as a log-linearized peripheral arterial viscoelastic model) is used to describe the non-linear viscoelastic relationship between blood pressure waveforms and photo-plethysmographic waveforms. The proposed index enables estimation of peripheral arterial wall stiffness changes induced by sympathetic nerve activity. The validity of the method is discussed here based on the results of peripheral vascular condition monitoring conducted during endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS). The results of ETS monitoring showed significant changes in stiffness variations between the periods before and during the procedures observed (p < 0.01) as well as during and after them (p < 0.01), so that it was confirmed that sympathetic nerve activity is drastically decreased in the area around the monitoring site after the thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk on the monitoring side is successfully blocked. In addition, no change was observed in the values of the proposed index during the ETS procedure on the side opposite that of the monitoring site. The experimental results obtained clearly show the proposed method can be used to assess changes in sympathetic nerve activity during ETS.
A Versatile Approach to CF3‐Containing 2‐Pyrrolidones by Tandem Michael Addition–Cyclization: Exemplification in the Synthesis of Amidine Class BACE1 Inhibitors (2015)

The synthesis of new fluorinated pyrrolidones starting from unprotected amino esters and amino nitriles through a Michael addition-lactamization sequence is described. The resulting CF3 -containing building blocks, bearing a quaternary stereogenic center adjacent to the fluorinated group, have been converted into amino pyrrolidines that display potent β-secretase 1 (BACE1) inhibitory activity. This work constitutes an example of selective fluorination as a valid strategy for the modulation of physicochemical and biological properties of lead compounds in drug discovery.
Bone Marrow–Derived Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Receptor CCR2 Is Critical in Angiotensin II–Induced Acceleration of Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm Formation in Hypercholesterolemic Mice (2004)

Leukocyte-derived CCR2 is critical in Ang II-induced atherosclerosis and abdominal aneurysm formation. The present data suggest that vascular inflammation mediated by CCR2 in leukocytes is a reasonable target of therapy for treatment of atherosclerosis.
Front-End ADC Requirements for Uniform Bandpass Sampling in SDR (2007)

Changing user scenarios demand wireless connectivity among different standards. As a result, reconfigurability is becoming a key issue in the design of future wireless terminals. In analog front-ends, reconfigurable components are very expensive in terms of design cost and area. Bandpass sampling and digital front-end solutions in general, move the ADC closer to the antenna, avoiding most of the reconfigurable analog hardware. We consider the extreme case of bandpass sampling at RF and analyze the ADC requirements for a multi-standard radio. Two different models, one based on cascade analysis and the other on time-domain simulations, are used with a representative set of emerging wireless standards to derive the ADC requirements: sampling frequency, resolution and clock jitter. This study shows that, with modest RF filtering, RF bandpass sampling will soon become a reality for low power terminals.
Microcolumnar CsI(Tl) films for small animal SPECT (2005)

Microcolumnar CsI(Tl) films in the range of 50 to 500 /spl mu/m thickness are routinely used in digital X-ray imaging as they simultaneously provide a high spatial resolution and excellent X-ray absorption. The use of such films for radionuclide imaging has not yet been possible due to the unavailability of thick films required to provide adequate stopping power for gamma ray energies typically used in such applications. We report here the development of up to 2.6 mm thick microcolumnar CsI(Tl) films well suited for small animal SPECT imaging using such radioisotopes as /sup 125/I (/spl sim/30 keV) and /sup 99m/Tc (140 keV). This paper discusses scintillator fabrication, characterization, and demonstrates its use for high resolution SPECT imaging. The data show that a resolution of 400 /spl mu/m in reconstructed images can be achieved using this approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic 3,4‐Diaza(3,3)sigmatropic Rearrangements of N,N′‐ Diacylhydrazines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rapid Transfer of Transmembrane Proteins for Single Molecule Dimerization Assays in Polymer-Supported Membranes (2014)

Dimerization of transmembrane receptors is a key regulatory factor in cellular communication, which has remained challenging to study under well-defined conditions in vitro. We developed a novel strategy to explore membrane protein interactions in a controlled lipid environment requiring minute sample quantities. By rapid transfer of transmembrane proteins from mammalian cells into polymer-supported membranes, membrane proteins could be efficiently fluorescence labeled and reconstituted with very low background. Thus, differential ligand-induced dimerization of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor subunits IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 could be probed quantitatively at physiologically relevant concentrations by single molecule imaging. These measurements clearly support a regulatory role of the affinity of IFNs toward IFNAR1 for controlling the level of receptor dimerization.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LUNAR ASTRONAUT SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (LASOIS) (2010)

In future lunar exploration, spatial disorientation may become an increasingly critical issue for astronauts as the area of exploration increases from several kilometers in the Apollo missions to over one hundred kilometers from the main base station in future landed missions. To address this problem, the Mapping & GIS Laboratory at The Ohio State University, working with partners, is developing a Lunar Astronaut Spatial Orientation and Information System (LASOIS) designed to provide astronauts with continuous navigation updates. Due to specific environmental conditions on the lunar surface (lack of familiar landmarks, ambiguous depth and shading cues, etc.), a multiple-sensor approach is proposed to overcome challenges to astronaut orientation. In this approach, data from on-suit sensors (stereo cameras, MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), and foot-mounted pressure sensors) and from off-suit sensors (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera) are integrated through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The Zero Velocity Update (ZUPT) technique is used to compensate for distance errors while data from vision sensors are used to compensate for any IMU gyro drift. The spatial information generated by this integrated-data approach will be provided to astronauts through a wrist-mounted OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) interface. Extensive field tests incorporating all of the above-mentioned sensors were performed in a Lunar-like environment at Moses Lake, WA. When compared to GPS-derived ground truth, the trajectory generated by the developed system was found to have a disclosure of 6 m for a total traverse of 107 m (5.6% accuracy). By integrating additional sensor systems (tactical grade IMU, radio-frequency identification beacons, star tracker) and improving data-processing algorithms, it is expected that this system ultimately will be able to achieve a disclosure of less than 2% overall.
Estimating temporal multipath via spatial selectivity: Building environmental knowledge into waveform design for radar-embedded communications (2009)

We consider the problem of embedding a communications signal into the backscatter induced at an RF tag/transponder by pulsed radar illumination given the competing constraints of high data rate and low probability of intercept (LPI). In this work spatial selectivity is addressed as a means to provide lower intercept probability without sacrificing data rate or receiver error performance. Here spatial selectivity is achieved by incorporating the forward scatter (i.e. multipath) effects between the radar and tag into the information-bearing embedded communication waveform intended for reception at the radar. The multipath is incorporated via a time reversal framework thereby enabling spatial focusing which inhibits interception by an eavesdropper. The focus of this paper is upon the accurate estimation of the multipath given that prior knowledge of the transmitted radar waveform may not be available.
Guiding mechanisms in dielectric-core photonic-crystal optical waveguides (2001)

We show that the main guiding mechanisms in dielectric-core photonic crystal optical waveguides are total internal reflection and distributed Bragg reflection. We also show that by placing a slab of semiconductor material between two photonic band gap (PBG) mirrors, we can obtain waveguide modes at frequencies out of the photonic bandgap. These modes are similar to the modes of a conventional dielectric slab waveguide. Using these modes, we can obtain very good coupling between a PBG waveguide and a dielectric slab waveguide with similar slab properties.
PD24-04 DYSREGULATED NO/PDE5 SIGNALING IN THE SICKLE CELL MOUSE LOWER URINARY TRACT: REVERSAL BY ORAL NITRATE THERAPY (2020)

function evident as the increases in threshold pressure and bladder capacity without affecting bladder contractile function.
Targeting C4-Demethylating Genes in the Cholesterol Pathway Sensitizes Cancer Cells to EGF Receptor Inhibitors via Increased EGF Receptor Degradation (2012)

This work identifies a critical role for SC4MOL and NSDHL in the regulation of EGFR signaling and endocytic trafficking and suggests novel strategies to increase the potency of EGFR antagonists in tumors.
Harmonic model for MDCT based audio coding with LPC envelope (2015)

Conventional music coders, based on a modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) suffer greatly when lowering their bit-rate and delay. In particular, tonal music signals are penalized by short analysis windows and the variable length coding of the quantized MDCT coefficients demands a significant amount of bits for coding the harmonic structure. For solving such an issue, the paper proposes a frequency-domain harmonic model aiming to amend the probability model of the variable length coding of the quantized MDCT coefficients. The new model was combined successfully with an envelope based arithmetic coding at rate lower than 10 kbps, and with a context based arithmetic coding at higher bit rates in the recent 3 GPP EVS (Enhanced Voice Services) codec standard. Objective and subjective quality tests indicate that the proposed harmonic model enhances the quality of music for low-delay audio coding.