gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First experimental demonstration of terabit interferometric drop, add and extract multiplexer (2014)

We present the first experimental implementation of an all-optical ROADM scheme for routing of individual channels within an all-optical OFDM superchannel. The interferometric technique demonstrated enables a fully flexible node, implementing the extraction, drop and addition of individual sub-channel.
Prevalence of simian malaria parasites in macaques of Singapore (2021)

Plasmodium knowlesi is a simian malaria parasite currently recognized as the fifth causative agent of human malaria. Recently, naturally acquired P. cynomolgi infection in humans was also detected in Southeast Asia. The main reservoir of both parasites is the long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, which are indigenous in this region. Due to increased urbanization and changes in land use, there has been greater proximity and interaction between the long-tailed macaques and the general population in Singapore. As such, this study aims to determine the prevalence of simian malaria parasites in local macaques to assess the risk of zoonosis to the general human population. Screening for the presence of malaria parasites was conducted on blood samples from 660 peridomestic macaques collected between Jan 2008 and Mar 2017, and 379 wild macaques collected between Mar 2009 and Mar 2017, using a Pan-Plasmodium-genus specific PCR. Positive samples were then screened using a simian Plasmodium species-specific nested PCR assay to identify the species of parasites (P. knowlesi, P. coatneyi, P. fieldi, P. cynomolgi, and P. inui) present. All the peridomestic macaques sampled were tested negative for malaria, while 80.5% of the 379 wild macaques were infected. All five simian Plasmodium species were detected; P. cynomolgi being the most prevalent (71.5%), followed by P. knowlesi (47.5%), P. inui (42.0%), P. fieldi (32.5%), and P. coatneyi (28.5%). Co-infection with multiple species of Plasmodium parasites was also observed. The study revealed that Singapore's wild long-tailed macaques are natural hosts of the five simian malaria parasite species, while no malaria was detected in all peridomestic macaques tested. Therefore, the risk of simian malaria transmission to the general human population is concluded to be low. However, this can be better demonstrated with the incrimination of the vectors of simian malaria parasites in Singapore.
Effects of long-term balance training with vibrotactile sensory augmentation among community-dwelling healthy older adults: a randomized preliminary study (2018)

The findings of this study support the use of sensory augmentation devices by community-dwelling healthy older adults as balance rehabilitation tools, and indicate feasibility of telerehabilitation therapy with reduced input from clinicians.
An implementation of the Hamlyn sender-managed interface architecture (1996)

No abstract available.
Behaviour of oxides during friction stir welding of aluminium alloy and their effect on its mechanical properties (2002)

(2002). Behaviour of oxides during friction stir welding of aluminium alloy and their effect on its mechanical properties. Welding International: Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 266-275.
Hyaluronan, TSG-6, and Inter-α-Inhibitor in Periprosthetic Breast Capsules: Reduced Levels of Free Hyaluronan and TSG-6 Expression in Contracted Capsules (2011)

The negative correlation between TSG-6 expression levels and severity of CC suggests a possible protective role for TSG-6 in the context of CC formation, and this may have a clinically relevant role in prevention of breast CC.
A novel isolation structure for SMARTpower ICs (1986)

This paper describes a new isolation technology for SMARTpower <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> devices. The structure allows a vertical power device to be integrated with low voltage control circuitry. The new process utilizes etch, epi, and polishing techniques to isolate the power device. This method is compared to current methods of achieving isolation such as diffused junctions. The paper discusses the advantages of this "etch-refill" technique and related development issues are discussed. Finally, a SMARTpower <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> circuit with BICMOS logic and a TMOS power FET output device was fabricated on etch-refill substrates and compared to a circuit which used the more conventional diffused isolation.
Effects of muscarinic, alpha-adrenergic, and substance P agonists and ionomycin on ion transport mechanisms in the rat parotid acinar cell. The dependence of ion transport on intracellular calcium. (1989)

The relationship between receptor-mediated increases in the intracellular free calcium concentration [( Ca]i) and the stimulation of ion fluxes involved in fluid secretion was examined in the rat parotid acinar cell. Agonist-induced increases in [Ca]i caused the rapid net loss of up to 50-60% of the total content of intracellular chloride (Cli) and potassium (Ki), which is consistent with the activation of calcium-sensitive chloride and potassium channels. These ion movements were accompanied by a 25% reduction in the intracellular volume. The relative magnitudes of the losses of Ki and the net potassium fluxes promoted by carbachol (a muscarinic agonist), phenylephrine (an alpha-adrenergic agonist), and substance P were very similar to their characteristic effects on elevating [Ca]i. Carbachol stimulated the loss of Ki through multiple efflux pathways, including the large-conductance Ca-activated K channel. Carbachol and substance P increased the levels of intracellular sodium (Nai) to more than 2.5 times the normal level by stimulating the net uptake of sodium through multiple pathways; Na-K-2Cl cotransport accounted for greater than 50% of the influx, and approximately 20% was via Na-H exchange, which led to a net alkalinization of the cells. Ionomycin stimulated similar fluxes through these two pathways, but also promoted sodium influx through an additional pathway which was nearly equivalent in magnitude to the combined uptake through the other two pathways. The carbachol-induced increase in Nai and decrease in Ki stimulated the activity of the sodium pump, measured by the ouabain-sensitive rate of oxygen consumption, to nearly maximal levels. In the absence of extracellular calcium or in cells loaded with the calcium chelator BAPTA (bis[o-aminophenoxy]ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) the magnitudes of agonist- or ionomycin-stimulated ion fluxes were greatly reduced. The parotid cells displayed a marked desensitization to substance P; within 10 min the elevation of [Ca]i and alterations in Ki, Nai, and cell volume spontaneously returned to near baseline levels. In addition to quantitating the activation of various ion flux pathways in the rat parotid acinar cell, these results demonstrate that the activation of ion transport systems responsible for fluid secretion in this tissue is closely linked to the elevation of [Ca]i.
Graphene Moiré patterns observed by umklapp double-resonance Raman scattering (2011)

This work reports a Raman study of graphene bilayer samples grown by chemical vapor deposition on a copper foil, using laser lines in the UV range. The Raman spectra show a number of extra peaks, classified in different families, which appear nonuniformly across the Cu surface, in regions with sizes of several $\ensuremath{\mu}$m. We interpret these new extra modes as due to Moir\'e patterns of twisted layers of graphene, each family of peaks being associated with different twist rotational angles. We theoretically analyze the results, introducing the concept of umklapp double-resonance Raman processes associated with reciprocal lattice vectors of the Moir\'e pattern supercells.
The archaeal Dps nanocage targets kidney proximal tubules via glomerular filtration (2019)

Nature exploits cage-like proteins for a variety of biological purposes, from molecular packaging and cargo delivery to catalysis. These cage-like proteins are of immense importance in nanomedicine due to their propensity to self-assemble from simple identical building blocks to highly ordered architecture and the design flexibility afforded by protein engineering. However, delivery of protein nanocages to the renal tubules remains a major challenge because of the glomerular filtration barrier, which effectively excludes conventional size nanocages. Here, we show that DNA-binding protein from starved cells (Dps) - the extremely small archaeal antioxidant nanocage - is able to cross the glomerular filtration barrier and is endocytosed by the renal proximal tubules. Using a model of endotoxemia, we present an example of the way in which proximal tubule-selective Dps nanocages can limit the degree of endotoxin-induced kidney injury. This was accomplished by amplifying the endogenous antioxidant property of Dps with addition of a dinuclear manganese cluster. Dps is the first-in-class protein cage nanoparticle that can be targeted to renal proximal tubules through glomerular filtration. In addition to its therapeutic potential, chemical and genetic engineering of Dps will offer a nanoplatform to advance our understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of glomerular filtration and tubular endocytosis.
Description of the Discharge Process in Spark Plugs and its Correlation With the Electrode Erosion Patterns (2004)

The phases of the discharges in spark plugs were studied with a high-speed camera and an oscilloscope. The discharges were done using samples of nickel alloys and platinum as cathode in air at pressures ranging from 100 to 900 kPa. For low pressures (100 kPa), a glow discharge occurs after the breakdown. For higher pressures, an arc discharge follows the breakdown and changes into a glow discharge when the current decreases. The damage produced on the cathode surface was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and white light interferometry and was correlated with the corresponding discharge. The craters on the surface are mainly produced by the breakdown and arc discharge. The glow discharge delivers energy to the cathode in a large area and produces a negligible material damage. The movement of the arc hot spot produces further craters that are commonly overlapped. Transitions from glow to arc modes produce new small craters, which in some cases can be arranged along polishing traces. This work is relevant for the development of new electrode materials for spark plugs and electrical contacts.
Joint time-frequency scattering for audio classification (2015)

We introduce the joint time-frequency scattering transform, a time shift invariant descriptor of time-frequency structure for audio classification. It is obtained by applying a two-dimensional wavelet transform in time and log-frequency to a time-frequency wavelet scalogram. We show that this descriptor successfully characterizes complex time-frequency phenomena such as time-varying filters and frequency modulated excitations. State-of-the-art results are achieved for signal reconstruction and phone segment classification on the TIMIT dataset.
The Two-Step Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Approach Results in Rapid Engraftment and Excellent Outcomes in Patients with Lymphoid Malignancies (2021)

The 2-step graft engineering approach has been the main platform for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) at Thomas Jefferson University since 2005. We have previously described separating donor lymphocyte infusion followed by cyclophosphamide for bidirectional tolerization from CD34-selected hematopoietic grafts in haploidentical and matched related donors. Here we analyzed 60 patients with high-risk lymphoid malignancies who underwent a 2-step allo-HCT between 2008 and 2020. The majority of patients received haploidentical stem cell grafts (82%), and 20% of patients received matched related donor stem cell grafts. The patients underwent allo-HCT for diffuse large C cell lymphoma (n = 17; 28%), chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 10; 17%), follicular lymphoma (n = 8; 13%), and Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 7; 12%). Eight patients (13%) had received prior high-dose chemotherapy. Thirty patients (50%) had a Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comorbidity Index ≥3, and 20 patients (33%) had a Center for International Blood & Marrow Transplant Research Revised Disease Risk Index of high risk or very high risk. The median patient age was 56 years (range, 24 to 75 years). Neutrophils engrafted at a median of 11 days (range, 9 to 16 days), and platelets engrafted at a median of 16 days (range, 13 to 37 days). With a median follow-up of 6 years, the 3-year probability of overall survival was 62.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.3% to 73.8%), and that of disease-free survival was 60.2% (95% CI, 46.4% to 71.6%). The cumulative incidence of relapse at 3 years was 11.9% (95% CI, 5.2% to 21.6%). The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality at 3 years was 30.1% (95% CI, 1.91% to 42.0%). The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at 1 year was 45% (95% CI, 32.2% to 57.0%), and that of grade III-IV acute GVHD at 1 year was 5% (95% CI, 1.3% to 12.6%). The cumulative incidence of cGVHD at 3 years was 15.2% (95% CI, 7.5% to 25.4%). The 2-step approach achieved excellent outcomes in high-risk lymphoid malignancies, with rapid neutrophil and platelet recovery.
Apparent fractal distribution of open durations in cyclodextrin-based ion channels (2010)

Cyclodextrin-based ion channels are readily prepared via a "click" reaction and exhibit a range of membrane activities consistent with the formation of ion channels in planar bilayer membranes. The durations of irregular and transient conductance events appear to follow a power-law scaling.
Numerical and Experimental Analyses of Nanometer-Scale Flying Height Control of Magnetic Head With Heating Element (2008)

Hard drives featuring sliders with active flying-height (FH) control using thermal expansion of a heating element have been recently introduced in products. This approach allows to actively compensate for static FH variations and achieves sub-3-nm clearance during read/write operation. This paper describes a nonlinear numerical model of a perpendicular magnetic recording head for accurate simulation of pole-tip protrusions and their effect on FH change under various conditions, such as at an elevated drive temperature, with the heater activated or during write operation. The model integrates an electrical-thermomechanical finite-element model of slider and a full air-bearing solver, and includes lapped pole-tip recession and slider/disk deformation due to air-bearing pressure. We are able to predict key parameters that are not easily measurable (e.g., minimum/reader/writer FH, different protrusion profiles for ambient temperature, heater actuation, and during writing). We also present novel experimental methods for measuring protrusion and clearance delta profiles with angstrom-level resolution. The modeling results are compared to experimental data under various test conditions showing excellent agreement. From this method, we are able to quickly evaluate and optimize different heater, head, and ABS designs.
Case Series of Subclavian Artery Aneurysms in the Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory (2012)

Introduction Subclavian artery aneurysm (SAA) is an uncommon entity, and there is little information in the vascular ultrasound literature regarding this disorder. Methods Query of a single-center noninvasive vascular laboratory database for all duplex examinations performed from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2009 with a diagnosis of SAA. Medical records, archived ultrasound images, and correlative imaging studies were reviewed. Result A total of 12 patients with SAA were identified. Median age 56 years (range, 24–86 years), 58% male. The etiology of SAA was as follows: atherosclerosis (3/12), thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS; 3/12), connective tissue disorder (3/12), trauma (2/12), and vasculitis (1/12). All patients with SAA not caused by TOS had additional peripheral arterial or aortic aneurysm(s) previously or subsequently documented on imaging studies. Ten patients had symptoms at the time of diagnosis, most commonly arm and neck pain, arm claudication, and neurological findings. Aneurysms were equally distributed between right and left sides. The majority of SAA (9/12) were located at the origin or proximal subclavian artery; 3 were dissecting aneurysms. The median aneurysm maximal diameter was 2.35 cm (range, 1.5–6.4 cm), and the median contiguous normal artery diameter was 0.85 cm. Three patients had significant velocity shifts noted within the aneurysm. Vertebral artery flow was abnormal in one-third of SAA (4/12). Marked tortuosity of either internal carotid artery was a common related finding among these patients (6/12). Correlative computed tomography scan was available for 5 patients. A total of 75% of subjects in this series underwent open or endovascular aneurysm repair, whereas the remaining patients were followed with no intervention. Conclusion Duplex ultrasound is a useful tool for diagnosis and characterization of subclavian artery aneurysms. Among patients with SAA who have no evidence of TOS, careful evaluation for co-existent aortic and peripheral aneurysms is critical.
Multi-Aperture-Based Probabilistic Noise Reduction of Random Telegraph Signal Noise and Photon Shot Noise in Semi-Photon-Counting Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Image Sensor (2018)

A probabilistic method to remove the random telegraph signal (RTS) noise and to increase the signal level is proposed, and was verified by simulation based on measured real sensor noise. Although semi-photon-counting-level (SPCL) ultra-low noise complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors (CISs) with high conversion gain pixels have emerged, they still suffer from huge RTS noise, which is inherent to the CISs. The proposed method utilizes a multi-aperture (MA) camera that is composed of multiple sets of an SPCL CIS and a moderately fast and compact imaging lens to emulate a very fast single lens. Due to the redundancy of the MA camera, the RTS noise is removed by the maximum likelihood estimation where noise characteristics are modeled by the probability density distribution. In the proposed method, the photon shot noise is also relatively reduced because of the averaging effect, where the pixel values of all the multiple apertures are considered. An extremely low-light condition that the maximum number of electrons per aperture was the only 2 e - was simulated. PSNRs of a test image for simple averaging, selective averaging (our previous method), and the proposed method were 11.92 dB, 11.61 dB, and 13.14 dB, respectively. The selective averaging, which can remove RTS noise, was worse than the simple averaging because it ignores the pixels with RTS noise and photon shot noise was less improved. The simulation results showed that the proposed method provided the best noise reduction performance.
Photonic Metamaterials: Optical Response of Nanohole Arrays Filled with Chalcogenide Low‐Epsilon Media (Advanced Optical Materials 22/2018) (2018)

In article number 1800395, Behrad Gholipour, Kevin F. MacDonald, and co-workers show that when an array of subwavelength apertures in a metal film is filled with a chalcogenide semiconductor acting as a low-epsilon medium at optical frequencies, an increase in transmission is observed over a broad range of plasmonic frequencies, and found to be enabled by “laminar” flow of energy through the chalcogenide inclusions.
Mask verification on the Connection Machine (1988)

Parallel mask verification algorithms have been developed for the Connection Machine, a massively parallel processor with up to 64K processors. A discussion is presented of the design and implementation of algorithms for several essential primitives: generation of completely intersected mask data, mask-to-mask Boolean operations, labeling of connected regions, and identification of width and spacing violations. Performance results from experiments on a 16K-processor machine are presented. Speedups between 40 and 240 over a VAX 11/785 have been measured. >
Hemodynamics of Stent Implantation Procedures in Coronary Bifurcations:\n an in vitro study (2016)

Stent implantation in coronary bifurcations presents unique challenges and\ncurrently there is no universally accepted stent deployment approach. Despite\nclinical and computational studies, to date, the effect of each stent\nimplantation method on the coronary artery hemodynamics is not well understood.\nIn this study the hemodynamics of stented coronary bifurcations under pulsatile\nflow conditions were investigated experimentally. Three implantation methods,\nprovisional side branch (PSB), culotte (CUL), and crush (CRU), were\ninvestigated using time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) to measure\nthe velocity fields. Subsequently, hemodynamic parameters including wall shear\nstress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and relative residence time (RRT)\nwere calculated and the pressure field through the vessel was non-invasively\nquantified. The effects of each stented case were evaluated and compared\nagainst an un-stented case. CRU provided the lowest compliance mismatch, but\ndemonstrated detrimental stent interactions. PSB, the clinically preferred\nmethod, and CUL maintained many normal flow conditions. However, PSB provided\nabout a 300% increase in both OSI and RRT. CUL yielded a 10% and 85% increase\nin OSI and RRT, respectively. The results of this study support the concept\nthat different bifurcation stenting techniques result in hemodynamic\nenvironments that deviate from that of un-stented bifurcations, to varying\ndegrees.\n
Panel: Alternative Careers for Biomedical Informatics PhDs. (2013)

The number of doctoral training programs in informatics increases every year, however not every doctoral candidate wishes to pursue a traditional career in academia. In addition, the knowledge and skills acquired through scientific training at the doctoral level can be valuable, even critical, for a number of career paths outside of academic research and teaching. This panel will present a diverse set of alternative career paths for which graduates of Informatics programs would be well suited, including patent law, research in industry, academic administration, and scientific journalism. Panelists will describe their own respective backgrounds and career paths, a day in the life in their current position, and how their training prepared them for their jobs. They will also touch on insights gained and lessons learned in exploring the professional landscape through non-traditional paths.
Improved ejection fraction and flow velocity estimates with use of view sharing and uniform repetition time excitation with fast cardiac techniques. (1995)

View sharing and uniform TR RF excitation improve the accuracy of end-systolic and end-diastolic ventricular volume measurements by improving the effective temporal resolution.