gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytolytic T Lymphocytes in Organotypic Breast Carcinoma Culture (2005)

In the proposed studies, novel T cell immunotherapies against breast cancer will be developed based on studies demonstrating a positive correlation between T lymphocytic infiltration of these tumors and favorable clinical outcome. The major goal of the proposed studies is to isolate and characterize cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) with in vivo-like T cell receptors. The CTL provide the basis for adoptive CTL immunotherapy and active immunotherapy with CTtderived peptides/antigens. During the past 12 months of the study 14 breast carcinoma tissues were cultured in organotypic cultures (reconstructs) and mixed lymphocyte/tumor cultures (MLTC). T cell lines were established from 11 breast cancer specimens. One long-term breast cancer cell line and 7 fibroblast cell lines also were established. Cytolytic activity was demonstrated in 9 of 10 T cell lines tested. Two of 9 tested T cell lines were shown to have helper function.
Photorefractive processing for large adaptive phased arrays (1996)

An adaptive null-steering phased-array optical processor that utilizes a photorefractive crystal to time integrate the adaptive weights and null out correlated jammers is described. This is a beam-steering processor in which the temporal waveform of the desired signal is known but the look direction is not. The processor computes the angle(s) of arrival of the desired signal and steers the array to look in that direction while rotating the nulls of the antenna pattern toward any narrow-band jammers that may be present. We have experimentally demonstrated a simplified version of this adaptive phased-array-radar processor that nulls out the narrow-band jammers by using feedback-correlation detection. In this processor it is assumed that we know a priori only that the signal is broadband and the jammers are narrow band. These are examples of a class of optical processors that use the angular selectivity of volume holograms to form the nulls and look directions in an adaptive phased-array-radar pattern and thereby to harness the computational abilities of three-dimensional parallelism in the volume of photorefractive crystals. The development of this processing in volume holographic system has led to a new algorithm for phased-array-radar processing that uses fewer tapped-delay lines than does the classic time-domain beam former. The optical implementation of the new algorithm has the further advantage of utilization of a single photorefractive crystal to implement as many as a million adaptive weights, allowing the radar system to scale to large size with no increase in processing hardware.
ChemInform Abstract: TETRAMETHYLSILAN ‐ EIN METHYLIERUNGSREAGENZ FUER BORTRIHALOGENIDE (1978)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Silans (III) mit den Bortrihalogeniden im Verhältnis 1:1 liefert bei erhöhter Temp. quantitativ die Produkte (I) und (II) und beim Verhältnis 2:1 neben 2 mol (I) das Dimethylhalogenboran (IV).
Adaptive source and channel coding for distributed applications (2010)

Distributed applications are often faced with a choice between improved throughput or improved reliability but not both. We argue that this is not a strict dichotomy and propose a framework that improves both application performance and reliability by adaptively adjusting source and channel coding parameters. For simplicity, we assume that the source and channel we work with are memoryless and in general behave in a way such that Shannon's separation theorem holds. Although not all sources and channels could be characterized as such, doing so allows us to work this resource allocation problem in parallel. We reduce redundant transmissions and minimize bandwidth utilization through an LZ77 style dictionary based source coding approach. To ensure data integrity, we apply rateless forward error correction techniques at the transport layer. Our algorithm works in conjunction with physical layer forward error correction and generates just enough overhead needed to achieve error free transmission without requiring a heavy use of a reverse channel for acknowledgments. We show through simulations that our combined source and channel approach reduces network traffic in our experimental platform by a measurable amount while maintaining and at times exceeding the Quality of Service (QoS) that is obtained without our technique.
Conformational Control of the Ste5 Scaffold Protein Insulates Against MAP Kinase Misactivation (2012)

Cells reuse signaling proteins in multiple pathways, raising the potential for improper cross talk. Scaffold proteins are thought to insulate against such miscommunication by sequestering proteins into distinct physical complexes. We show that the scaffold protein Ste5, which organizes the yeast mating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, does not use sequestration to prevent misactivation of the mating response. Instead, Ste5 appears to use a conformation mechanism: Under basal conditions, an intramolecular interaction of the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain with the von Willebrand type A (VWA) domain blocks the ability to coactivate the mating-specific MAPK Fus3. Pheromone-induced membrane binding of Ste5 triggers release of this autoinhibition. Thus, in addition to serving as a conduit guiding kinase communication, Ste5 directly receives input information to decide if and when signal can be transmitted to mating output.
Partial molar volumes, expansibilities, and compressibilities of oligoglycines in aqueous solutions at 18–55°C (1994)

Abstract We have determined the partial molar volumes, expansibilities, and adiabatic compressibilities of glycine, diglycine, triglycine, tetraglycine, and pentaglycine over the temperature range 18–55°C. These data were analyzed and interpreted in terms of the hydration of these short oligoglycines and their constituent groups. From our results, we have estimated the contributions of the peptide group to the partial molar volume and the partial molar adiabatic compressibility of these oligoglycines. Based on these data, we propose that each of the polar atomic groups of the peptide bond forms approximately two hydrogen bonds with adjacent water molecules. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the partial molar volume suggests that water that solvates the polar groups of a peptide linkage behaves more like a “normal” liquid than does bulk water, which exhibits its well‐known anomalous liquid properties. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Improving the Safety of Mental Health Services (2003)

Objective: To examine national and international initiatives for the provision of safer health care and their applicability to mental health services. Conclusions: There is a need for an integrated, uniform approach to the development and implementation of safety standards in mental health services. A partnership approach involving key stakeholders and the consideration of an initial set of safety indicators requires consideration.
Inhibition of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-Glutaryl-Coenzyme a Reductase Reduces Leukocyte Recruitment and Hepatocyte Apoptosis in Endotoxin-Induced Liver Injury (2009)

Simvastatin has the capacity to prevent endotoxemic liver injury by inhibiting leukocyte infiltration and hepatocellular apoptosis. These protective effects exerted by simvastatin are dependent on the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase pathway. Thus, simvastatin may represent a potential approach to prevent endotoxemia-associated liver dysfunction.
Fv-1 host cell restriction of friend leukemia virus: microinjection of unintegrated viral DNA (1984)

The murine gene Fv-1 has been shown to exert a major influence over the replication of ecotropic murine leukemia viruses. Studies of the replication of Friend murine leukemia virus have shown that the restriction of viral replication occurs intracellularly after the initiation of viral DNA synthesis. The precise mechanism of the block imposed by the Fv-1 gene product is not completely understood. Our studies of Fv-1 restrictive infection have shown a variable decrease in the accumulation of intracellular unintegrated form I viral DNA. Analysis by microinjection of the viral DNA formed in nonpermissively infected BALB/c cells indicates that this DNA is infectious. These studies indicate that the form I DNA accumulated in nonpermissively infected BALB/c cells contains the complete viral sequences necessary for the production of viral progeny, and therefore, they suggest that the Fv-1 host restrictive mechanism recognizes viral factors other than form I DNA alone. These results support the possibility that Fv-1 host restriction occurs after formation of infectious viral DNA, perhaps at the integration step itself.
Ultrathin 4-layer flexible printed circuits (FPC) fabricated by molecular bonding technology (2014)

We have developed the ultrathin 4-layer flexible printed circuits (FPCs) with the thickness of 135 um. This 135 um ultrathin 4-layer FPC is made by the molecular bonding technology, by which the electroless plating (metallizing) can be directly applied to polyimide (PI) by using molecular junction agents. In this study, we show the fabrication procedures, the mechanism of direct copper plating, and the reliability verification of the ultrathin 4-layer FPC prototype.
Predicting the EEG Level of a Driver Based on Driving Information (2018)

Driving is an essential activity in today's busy and complex society, and it demands physical and mental abilities, collectively known as a driving workload. For safe and comfortable driving, it would be useful to detect when drivers are being overloaded. Analyzing driver's workload using an electroencephalograph (EEG) is useful for this purpose. However, it is very inconvenient to obtain an EEG during actual driving, since the measuring device needs to be attached to the driver. In this paper, we develop a model to predict the driver's EEG level utilizing basic information obtained while the vehicle is being driven. We divided the EEG values into two classes, “normal” and “overload”, and extracted useful features from the vehicle driving information, such as engine RPM, vehicle speed, lane changes, and turns. A classification model using a support vector machine was built to predict normal and overload states during actual driving. We evaluated the performance of the proposed method using field-of-test data collected when driving on actual roads, and suggest directions for future research based on an analysis of the experimental results.
On the gas dynamics of HVOF thermal sprays. [HVOF (High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel)] (1993)

An experimental study has been performed on the gas dynamic aspects of the HVOF thermal spray process. A commercially-available HVOF gun (Hobart Tafa JP-5000) is used in this study. Optical diagnostic techniques including microsecond-exposure schlieren and shadowgraph imaging are applied to visualize the hot supersonic jet produced by this equipment without any particle injection. Rapid turbulent mixing of the jet with the surrounding atmosphere is observed, which is an issue of concern in coating quality because of the possibility of oxidation of the sprayed particles. This mixing appears principally to be a function of the density ratio between the hot jet and the cold atmosphere, rather than depending upon the combustion-chamber pressure or barrel length. The supersonic core of the HVOF jet dissipates rapidly due to the, mixing, so that the jet is no longer supersonic when it impinges upon the target surface being sprayed. Secondary issues also observed in this study include strong jet-noise radiation from the HVOF plume and the entrainment and induced bulk motion of the surrounding air. All these issues have a background in the field of gas dynamics which has not been previously applied to thermal spray technology.
<title>Color constancy and a changing illumination</title> (1994)

The color constancy problem has proven to be very hard to solve. This is even true in the simple Mondriaan world where a planar patchwork of matte surfaces is viewed under a single illuminant. In this paper we consider the color constancy problem given two images of a Mondriaan viewed under different illuminants. We show that if surface reflectances are well modeled by 3 basis functions and illuminants by up to 5 basis functions then we can, theoretically, solve for color constancy given 3 surfaces viewed under 2 illuminants. The number of recoverable dimensions in the illuminant depends on the spectral characteristics of the sensors. Specifically if for a given sensor set a von Kries type, diagonal model of color constancy is sufficient then we show that at most 2 illuminant parameters can be retrieved. Recent work has demonstrated that for the human visual system a diagonal matrix is a good model of color constancy given an appropriate choice of sensor basis. We might predict therefore, that we can recover at most 2 illuminant parameters. We present simulations which indicate that this in fact the case.
A phase 1 study to evaluate the safety and LDL cholesterol–lowering effects of RG7652, a fully human monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (2017)

Overall, RG7652 elicited substantial and sustained dose-related LDL-C reductions with an acceptable safety profile and minimal immunogenicity.
Abstract 1067: Somatic genomic mutations, RNA-Seq, and proteomic signal transduction network analysis of tumor and stroma in metastatic triple negative breast cancer (2014)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous, basal like tumor category for which there is no molecular targeted therapy that has significantly improved overall patient survival. While genomic sequencing has been conducted on primary triple negative breast cancers, these data may not correspond to metastatic TNBC because the metastatic colonies may comprise a subclone of the primary. Moreover, it has been difficult to identify the true driver mutations in the primary tumor. We have hypothesized that evaluation of the protein signal transduction pathways within the tumor-stromal microenvironment of the metastatic tumor may be vastly different than the primary tumor and can provide potential clues to the driver mutations and stromal interactions. Somatic genomic mutations and RNA-Seq profiles were previously cataloged for a set of 14 fresh frozen metastatic TNBC samples. TP53, LRP1B, HERC1, CDH5, RB1, and NF1 were mutated in multiple tumors. FOXM1 gene overexpression was noted in tumor samples compared to non-malignant breast samples. To complement the genetic data, we evaluated more than 70 signal transduction proteins in tumor and stroma for 13 of the metastatic TNBC samples from this cohort. The samples represented lymph node (n=5) and local and distant soft tissue (n=8) metastasis. For proteomic analysis, purified populations of tumor and adjacent stromal cells were collected by Laser Capture Microdissection. Cell signaling pathway proteins were quantified by reverse phase protein microarray. Proteins from diverse pathways were included to: a) correlate our proteomic data with the previous genomic data, b) potentially identify previously unrecognized pathways involved in TNBC metastatic disease, and c) evaluate the tumor-stroma microenvironment in metastatic TNBC. We compared the signaling network of the tumor and its matched stroma to investigate tumor-stroma crosstalk. We also compared the signal pathways to the genomic abnormalities of the matched lesion. We confirmed the down regulation of endocrine (ER, AR, ProgRec) and Her2 pathways. phosphoJAK2 and Her4 (total) were both markedly downregulated. Signal pathway data provided information about the functional importance of the genomic data. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of metastatic TNBC may help elucidate genomic and proteomic alterations which can potentially lead to new strategies for individualizing therapy of metastasis. Citation Format: Virginia A. Espina, Joyce A. O'Shaughnessy, Maren K. Levin, David W. Craig, John D. Carpten, Daniel Von Hoff, Lance A. Liotta. Somatic genomic mutations, RNA-Seq, and proteomic signal transduction network analysis of tumor and stroma in metastatic triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1067. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1067
High expression of the bcl-x gene in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease (1995)

The expression of bcl-x protein, a bcl-2-related protein present in cortical thymocytes, activated lymphocytes, and plasma cells of reactive lymph nodes, was investigated in 44 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in parallel with bcl-2 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. Eighty-six percent of the cases were positive for bcl-x, among them 27% with a strong signal in more than 75% of the Reed-Sternberg cells. Positivity for bcl-x was found in, respectively, 100% and 92% of the nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity subtypes, although 4 cases of lymphocyte predominance subtype were negative. This finding was in contrast with the weaker positivity for bcl-2 staining in 44% of the cases. EBV small RNAs were detected in 43% of the cases by using in situ hybridization. Of interest, 100% of the EBV-positive samples were positive for bcl-x, whereas only 38% of these cases were bcl-2 positive. Our findings show that the bcl-x gene expression is high in HD, suggesting that bcl-x may have a role in the pathogenesis of at least some cases of HD via apoptosis regulation.
An Exploration of the Acid-Catalyzed Interconversion of Mo(NAr)(CR1R2)(OR)2 Complexes and Their Mo(NAr)(Olefin)(OR)2 Isomers (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3, OR = OSiPh3 or OAr) (2023)

Four new Mo(NAr)(CR1R2)(OSiPh3)2 complexes (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3; CR1R2 = CMe2, CMeCH2Ph, CEtPh, or CHCH2Ph) were prepared through addition of CH2═CR1R2 to a neopentylidene or a neophylidene complex. Three new olefin complexes with the formula Mo(NAr)(olefin)(OSiPh3)2 were prepared from Mo(NAr)(CH2═CH2)(OSiPh3)2, namely, Mo(NAr)(trans-CH3CH═CHPh)(OSiPh3)2, Mo(NAr)(CH2═CMePh)(OSiPh3)2, and Mo(NAr)(CH2═CHCMe3)(OSiPh3)2. Syntheses of other olefin complexes were complicated by relatively facile cis/trans isomerization of the olefin and isomerization of the C═C bond within the olefin carbon chain. Addition of [(Et2O)2H][B(C6F5)4] to the alkylidene complexes generates cationic 12e alkyl complexes [Mo(NAr)(CHMe2)(OSiPh3)2]+, [Mo(NAr)(CHMeCH2Ph)(OSiPh3)2]+, [Mo(NAr)(CHEtPh)(OSiPh3)2]+, and [Mo(NAr)(CH2CH2Ph)(OSiPh3)2]+. Deprotonation of the cationic alkyl complexes by NEt3 generates the disubstituted alkylidene complexes as the major product. In the case of [Mo(NAr)(CHMeCH2Ph)(OSiPh3)2]+, both Mo(NAr)(CMeCH2Ph)(OSiPh3)2 and Mo(NAr)(CH2═CHCH2Ph)(OSiPh3)2 are formed initially ([alkylidene]/[olefin] = 1.5:1), but the latter then isomerizes to Mo(NAr)(CH3CH═CHPh)(OSiPh3)2. [Mo(NAr)(CHMePh)(OAr)2][B(C6F5)4] was prepared through the protonation of Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OAr)2 with [(Et2O)2H][B(C6F5)4]. Mo(NAr)(CMePh)(OAr)2 does not react with [PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4] at room temperature. Mo(NAr)(CH2═CH2)(OAr)2 decomposes in solution at room temperature to yield Mo(NAr)(OAr)(η1,η2-2-isopropyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenolate)(Et2O) through CH activation in the isopropyl group of the OAr ligand followed by loss of ethane; Mo(NAr)(CH2═CHPh)(OAr)2 decomposes similarly. Eight single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies are reported.
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EXPERIMENTAL EFFECT OF KOREAN RED GINSENG ON ERECTION (1999)

We confirmed that the long-term administration of KRG enhances erectile capacity and that its action is mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor and peripheral neurophysiologic enhancement.
Deembedding static nonlinearities and accurately identifying and modeling memory effects in wide-band RF transmitters (2005)

In this paper, a robust modeling technique for memoryless wide-band radio frequency transmitters using a dynamic exponential weighted moving average algorithm is developed and tested. To improve the relatively limited accuracy of the conventional Wiener model in predicting the response of dynamic nonlinear transmitters, a new augmented Wiener model is proposed along with its parameter-identification procedure. The accuracy of the augmented Wiener model is compared with that of the conventional Wiener model by using an L-band 60-W peak-envelope-power GaAs field-effect-transistor push-pull amplifier-based transmitter, which is driven by a two-carrier wide-band code-division multiple-access signal.
Power Stability of AlGaN/GaN HFETs at 20 W/mm in the Pinched-Off Operation Mode (2007)

High power-added efficiency (PAE) (ap74%) and rf-power (20 W/mm) operation of Schottky and insulated-gate AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) is reported at 2 GHz. In the pinched-off mode of operation, the PAE increases from a value of 55% to 74% when the drain bias is changed from 35 to 60 V. While both the Schottky and the insulated HFETs show high powers and PAE values, only the insulated-gate devices are stable at 20-W/mm output powers during a 60-h continuous wave rf-stress test. Their power drop of less than 0.1 dB is much smaller than the 0.8-dB drop for identical geometry Schottky-gate HFETs. The superior stability of the insulated-gate HFETs is attributed to the low forward gate currents
Memory system behavior of Java-based middleware (2003)

In this paper, we present a detailed characterization of the memory system, behavior of ECperf and SPECjbb using both commercial server hardware and Simics full-system simulation. We find that the memory footprint and primary working sets of these workloads are small compared to other commercial workloads (e.g. on-line transaction processing), and that a large fraction of the working sets are shared between processors. We observed two key differences between ECperf and SPECjbb that highlight the importance of isolating the behavior of the middle tier. First, ECperf has a larger instruction footprint, resulting in much higher miss rates for intermediate-size instruction caches. Second, SPECjbb's data set size increases linearly as the benchmark scales up, while ECperf's remains roughly constant. This difference can lead to opposite conclusions on the design of multiprocessor memory systems, such as the utility of moderate sized (i.e. 1 MB) shared caches in a chip multiprocessor.
Multiplane imaging and three dimensional nanoscale particle tracking in biological microscopy (2010)

A conventional microscope produces a sharp image from just a single object-plane. This is often a limitation, notably in cell biology. We present a microscope attachment which records sharp images from several object-planes simultaneously. The key concept is to introduce a distorted diffraction grating into the optical system, establishing an order-dependent focussing power in order to generate several images, each arising from a different object-plane. We exploit this multiplane imaging not just for bio-imaging but also for nano-particle tracking, achieving approximately 10 nm z position resolution by parameterising the images with an image sharpness metric.