gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SYNERGIC RCTs from Can Thumbs Up: Canadian experience in migrating lifestyle interventions to an @Home‐based program to enhance cognition (2021)

Abstract Background The SYNERGIC trial (SYNchronizing Exercises, Remedies in GaIt and Cognition), a large multi‐site randomized controlled trial (RCT), showed promising interim results that individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) who received aerobic exercise combined with progressive resistance training and cognitive training improved their global cognition. When the COVID‐19 pandemic put SYNERGIC on hold, we migrated our interventions and assessments remotely. This experience informed the design of the SYNERGIC@Home trial. Method The SYNERGIC trial was a multi‐site, double‐blinded, five‐arm, randomized controlled trial that assessed the potential synergistic effect of combining bi‐modal exercises (aerobic + progressive resistance training), cognitive training, and, vitamin D supplementation in older adults with MCI. Interventions were delivered for 20 weeks. Results present data in 10 participants who migrated to conducting interventions and assessments at home. Result Ten participants with MCI (mean age 73±6.4, ♀70%) from the SYNERGIC trial migrated to a virtual modality at month 2 of their intervention. Their adherence for the 2‐month in‐person exercise and cognitive training was 90.2%, while for the 4‐month home‐based intervention, it was 95.9%. Participants reported being able to use the digital platform (WebEx© and Zoom Healthcare©) assigned on the first session. Similarly, 95% of the assessments tests were completed, including cognitive (ADAS‐Cog 13), medical, and mobility assessments conducted remotely. One participant was only able to complete half of the assessments due to digital connection issues. Following remote administration of the SYNERGIC trial in this subset of participants, we set up logistics and obtained ethical approval for the SYNERGIC@Home trial, a pilot RCT fully delivered remotely in 64 older adults at risk of dementia. Conclusion Delivering progressive physical exercise and cognitive training at home was feasible in older adults at risk of dementia. Insights gained from this migration informed our SYNERGIC@Home pilot, which is based on the SYNERGIC trial, but will be delivered fully remotely. SYNERGIC@Home will recruit participants with MCI, Subjective Cognitive Impairment, and Normal Cognition and two or more risk factors for dementia. Remote interventions and assessment are becoming particularly important during the COVID‐19 pandemic in which research participation for older adults may only be possible through virtual platforms.
Modest effect of p53, EGFR and HER-2/neu on prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis (2009)

Although p53, EGFR and HER-2/neu status modestly influences survival, these markers are, by themselves, unlikely to be useful as prognostic markers in clinical practice. Our study highlights the need for well-defined, prospective clinical trials and more complete reporting of results of prognostic factor studies.
Revival of the Magnetar PSR J1622–4950: Observations with MeerKAT, Parkes, XMM-Newton, Swift, Chandra, and NuSTAR (2018)

Abstract New radio (MeerKAT and Parkes) and X-ray ( XMM-Newton , Swift , Chandra , and NuSTAR ) observations of PSR J1622–4950 indicate that the magnetar, in a quiescent state since at least early 2015, reactivated between 2017 March 19 and April 5. The radio flux density, while variable, is approximately 100× larger than during its dormant state. The X-ray flux one month after reactivation was at least 800× larger than during quiescence, and has been decaying exponentially on a 111 ± 19 day timescale. This high-flux state, together with a radio-derived rotational ephemeris, enabled for the first time the detection of X-ray pulsations for this magnetar. At 5%, the 0.3–6 keV pulsed fraction is comparable to the smallest observed for magnetars. The overall pulsar geometry inferred from polarized radio emission appears to be broadly consistent with that determined 6–8 years earlier. However, rotating vector model fits suggest that we are now seeing radio emission from a different location in the magnetosphere than previously. This indicates a novel way in which radio emission from magnetars can differ from that of ordinary pulsars. The torque on the neutron star is varying rapidly and unsteadily, as is common for magnetars following outburst, having changed by a factor of 7 within six months of reactivation.
Single-cell expression profiling reveals dynamic flux of cardiac stromal, vascular and immune cells in health and injury (2019)

Besides cardiomyocytes (CM), the heart contains numerous interstitial cell types which play key roles in heart repair, regeneration and disease, including fibroblast, vascular and immune cells. However, a comprehensive understanding of this interactive cell community is lacking. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of the total non-CM fraction and enriched (<i>Pdgfra</i>-GFP<sup>+</sup>) fibroblast lineage cells from murine hearts at days 3 and 7 post-sham or myocardial infarction (MI) surgery. Clustering of >30,000 single cells identified >30 populations representing nine cell lineages, including a previously undescribed fibroblast lineage trajectory present in both sham and MI hearts leading to a uniquely activated cell state defined in part by a strong anti-WNT transcriptome signature. We also uncovered novel myofibroblast subtypes expressing either pro-fibrotic or anti-fibrotic signatures. Our data highlight non-linear dynamics in myeloid and fibroblast lineages after cardiac injury, and provide an entry point for deeper analysis of cardiac homeostasis, inflammation, fibrosis, repair and regeneration.
THE CHEMISTRY OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE SULFUR COMPOUNDS PART III (1976)

Abstract The chemistry of optically active sulfur compounds has proven to be one of great interest and challenge as demonstrated by the prolific publications in this area. An ever larger number of different types of compounds with sulfur as center of chirality are being synthesized and it is expected that in future publications additional members of this group will be described. Thus far the following chiral sulfur compounds have been prepared:
Felbamate Increases Phenytoin but Decreases Carbamazepine Concentrations (1988)

Felbamate (FBM), a novel antiepileptic drug, was observed to have opposite effects on the serum concentrations of phenytoin (PHT) and carbamazepine (CBZ). Data from two male subjects who stabilized while they received both PHT and CBZ, with serum concentration fluctuations of less than 20 and 25%, respectively, form the basis of this report. Both patients required a greater than or equal to 20% reduction in PHT dose while receiving 38-40 mg/kg/day of FBM. When FBM was tapered to less than 20 mg/kg/day, a sudden drop in PHT concentrations occurred in both patients. As PHT concentrations rose, CBZ concentrations fell in both patients. The CBZ epoxide to parent ratio increased to 0.46 and 0.39, respectively during FBM treatment. The ratios were 0.18 in both patients when not receiving FBM. CBZ concentrations returned to baseline values after FBM was discontinued. This unusual and unexpected effect of FBM on two standard antiepileptic drugs underscores the need for evaluating pharmacokinetic interactions before major drug trials.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Medium‐Size Rings Containing Oxygen and Sulfur by Ring Expansion of Halodioxolanes, Dioxanes and Oxathiolanes (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Policy-based management of content distribution networks (2002)

We present a policy-based architecture for the control and management of content distribution networks that form an overlay of caching proxies over an underlying physical network. The architecture extends the policy framework used for controlling network quality of service (QoS) and security to content distribution networks. The fundamental advantage of a policy-based framework is that it allows a machine-independent scheme for managing multiple devices from a single point of control. In this article we describe this architecture and demonstrate how it enables dynamic updates to content distribution policies. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of such dynamic distribution on the cost of content serving.
Perioperative insulin and glucose infusion maintains normal insulin sensitivity after surgery (1998)

Elective surgery was performed after overnight fasting, a routine that may affect the metabolic response to surgery. We investigated the effects of insulin and glucose infusions before and during surgery on postoperative substrate utilization and insulin sensitivity. Seven patients were given insulin and glucose infusions 3 h before and during surgery (insulin group), and a control group of six patients underwent surgery after fasting overnight. Insulin sensitivity and glucose kinetics (D-[6,6-2H2]glucose) were measured before and immediately after surgery using a hyperinsulinemic, normoglycemic clamp. Glucose infusion rates and whole body glucose disposal decreased after surgery in the control group (-40 and -29%, respectively), whereas no significant change was found in the insulin group (+16 and +25%). Endogenous glucose production remained unchanged in both groups. Postoperative changes in cortisol, glucagon, fat oxidation, and free fatty acids were attenuated in the insulin group (vs. control). We conclude that perioperative insulin and glucose infusions minimize the endocrine stress response and normalize postoperative insulin sensitivity and substrate utilization.
Cybermussels (2012)

In this paper, we describe our ongoing work on designing an underwater sensor network for monitoring the ecosystem of the Mississippi river using freshwater mussels as biological sensors.
Supplemental Video M4 from A Systematic Comparison of <sup>18</sup>F-C-SNAT to Established Radiotracer Imaging Agents for the Detection of Tumor Response to Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Video M4. 18FML-10 uptake in drug-treated tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Broadband Wavelength Conversion of Incoherent Light in Silicon Nanowaveguides (2011)

We demonstrate broadband wavelength conversion of an incoherent light source via four-wave mixing in a silicon rib nanowaveguide. We observe a conversion efficiency of −24 dB over the entire wavelength range of the incoherent source.
SINGLE-TRIPLET SPLITTINGS IN TRIMETHYLENEMETHANE DERIVATIVES (1979)

The molecular structure and energies of the lowest triplet and singlet states of 2-methylidenecyclopentane-1,3-diyl (I) and 2-isopropylidenecyclopentane-1,3-diyl (II), both of which contain trimethylenemethane skeletons, have been studied theoretically. The wave functions used are of the open-shell restricted Hartree-Fock type and are based on contracted Gaussian orbitals. The results are compared with experimental data and with previous theoretical results on trimethylenemethane. [FIGURE]
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Determination of the Optical Purity of α‐N‐Boc Amino Aldehydes. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Raman amplification over 100 nm-bandwidth with dispersion and dispersion slope compensation for conventional single mode fiber (2002)

We realized a discrete Raman repeater with the dispersion and dispersion slope compensation over seamless bandwidth of 100 nm by using DCF. The gain flatness after transmitting the transmission line was 2.3 dBp-p, and the OSNR was from 34.5 dB to 39.3 dB. We also estimated the improvement of gain flatness by using nine wavelengths of pumping lights, and we theoretically realized the 0.5 dB gain flatness Raman amplifier.
The multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes: implications for the study of inherited tumors. (1978)

T HE multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes are among the best defined disorders involving an inherited tendency to multiple tumor formation in the same individual. Although they are uncommon clinical entities, the study of these syndromes may come to play a pivotal role in our understanding of ncoplastic processes and the genetic factors that can influence tumor development. The present article will emphasize that increased knowledge about the multiple endocrine tumor syndromes may be important not only for developing the proper approach to caring for families afflicted with these disorders, but also for our understanding of such basic principles as the embryologic development of the peripheral endocrine system, factors that modulate the controlled growth of endocrine and other tissues, and the growth effects of hormones from one endocrine tissue on another. The key to understanding the pathogenesis of multiple endocrine neoplasia will be the discovery of the genetic defect or defects that alter control of the previously mentioned processes allowing tumors to arise in multiple endocrine tissues in the same patient. Such information will prove invaluable for our understanding of the normal factors governing tissue differentiation and the deviations that lead to tumor development. With the previous clinical and biologic implications in mind, the present article seeks to define the multipe endocrine neoplasia syndromes, to consider briefly the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders, and to focus on what is known and what must be elucidated about the etiology of these diseases. Although more questions may be raised than answered in the following discussion, it is hoped that the clinician and investigator alike will better appreciate the need to be aware of these important genetic tumor syndromes.
Half-Controlled Boost Rectifier for Low-Power High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Generators (2011)

Literature reports several future portable and distributed power supplies in the watt-to-kilowatt range based on rotating machinery equipped with a variable-speed permanent-magnet generator. In order to generate a constant direct-current output voltage, an ultracompact highly efficient low-power rectifier is required. A suitable concept, i.e., the half-controlled three-phase pulsewidth-modulation boost rectifier (HCBR), is analyzed in this paper. In previous literature, there is only limited information available, particularly concerning current stresses, common-mode characteristics, and operating principles. Therefore, the HCBR topology analysis is completed in this paper. Furthermore, a novel modulation scheme improving the power electronics efficiency is proposed using space-vector analysis. The integration into a compressed-air-to-electric-power system with a generator rotating at 350 000 r/min is presented, and the measurements verify the theoretical results with an efficiency increase of 2% for the novel modulation scheme.
Effects of alpha and gamma interferons and cytostatics on ovarian cancer in the subrenal capsule assay. (1983)

Ovarian cancers from seven patients were grown in the subrenal capsule assay for 6 days in normal mice and for 12 days in nude mice. Groups of 5 mice received the following daily treatments: 1) saline 2) 6 x 10(5)IU of human leukocyte interferon (IFN-alpha) 3) 3 x 10(3)U of human IFN-gamma 4) 6 x 10(5)IU of IFN-alpha and 3 x 10(3)U of IFN-gamma 5) cytostatic drug combination (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, cis-platinum). The cytostatic drug combination had stronger antitumor activity than the interferons. The combination of alpha and gamma interferons was more effective than either interferons alone. The same trend was seen both in normal and nude mice.
Polarization switching in AlGaAs/GaAs distributed feedback lasers between the stable single longitudinal modes (1995)

TE/TM polarization mode switching is demonstrated in an AlGaAs/GaAs distributed feedback laser diode. The device has two current injecting electrodes and as an active layer a conventional multiquantum well (MQW) structure. A small amplitude modulation of the current into one of the electrodes switches the polarization mode. Each mode corresponds to a stable single longitudinal mode of a distributed feedback laser. The lasing wavelength can be tuned continuously, without mode hopping, over 0.7 nm by controlling the total injection current. This new kind of polarization switching is promising for optical switching systems and optical frequency division multiplexing devices.
Pcsk9 Deletion Promotes Murine Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatic Carcinogenesis: Role of Cholesterol (2021)

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Pcsk9) binds to hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and induces its internalization and degradation. Pcsk9 inhibition increases LDLR expression by hepatocytes, which causes increased uptake of circulating LDL, thereby reducing plasma LDL-cholesterol. However, by increasing the uptake of LDL by the liver, Pcsk9 inhibition increases the exposure of the liver to cholesterol, which may result in higher risk of steatohepatitis and ever carcinogenesis. We compared Pcsk9-/- knockout (KO) mice and appropriate wild-type (WT) controls of the same strain assigned to a high-fat (15%, wt/wt) diet for 9 months supplemented with 0.25%, 0.5%, or 0.75% dietary cholesterol. Pcsk9 KO mice on a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet exhibited higher levels of hepatic free cholesterol loading and hepatic cholesterol crystallization than their WT counterparts. Pcsk9 KO mice developed crown-like structures of macrophages surrounding cholesterol crystal-containing lipid droplets and hepatocytes, exhibited higher levels of apoptosis, and developed significantly more hepatic inflammation and fibrosis consistent with fibrosing steatohepatitis, including 5-fold and 11-fold more fibrosis at 0.5% and 0.75% dietary cholesterol, respectively. When injected with diethylnitrosamine, a hepatic carcinogen, early-in-life Pcsk9 KO mice were more likely to develop liver cancer than WT mice. Conclusion: Pcsk9 KO mice on high-cholesterol diets developed increased hepatic free cholesterol and cholesterol crystals and fibrosing steatohepatitis with a higher predisposition to liver cancer compared with WT mice. Future studies should evaluate whether patients on long-term treatment with anti-PSCK9 monoclonal antibodies are at increased risk of hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis or liver cancer, while accounting for concurrent use of statins.
Flt3 Receptor Expression Rescues Dendritic Cell Developmental Potential in Megakaryocyte/Erythrocyte Progenitor Cells. (2004)

Abstract Flt3/Flt3-ligand has a non-redundant role in dendritic cell (DC) and interferon producing cell (IPC) development from hematopoietic progenitor cells. Flt3-ligand−/− mice display a severe reduction of DCs and IPCs, and both, Flt3-ligand injection and conditional over- expression of Flt3-ligand in mice leads to an increased pool size of both cellular subsets. Furthermore, DC and IPC developmental precursor activity segregates with Flt3+ progenitor populations in mouse bone marrow. We have reported that common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and their progeny granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMPs) as well as common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) and pro-T cells can give rise to DCs in vitro and in vivo. DC developmental potential was lost, however, once definitive megakaryocyte/erythrocyte or B cell commitment occurs, both steps that are accompanied by loss flt3 receptor expression. To test if DC/IPC developmental potential can be regained, we evaluated the effect of ecotropic expression of human Flt3 in lin−c-kit+Flt3−Thy1.1−IL-7Ra− cells (flt3− progenitors) and in megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors (MEPs). hFlt3 was transduced into purified flt3− progenitors, MEPs, and GMPs using a retrovirus vector carrying both hFlt3 and GFP. The transduction efficiencies were 20~25%. hFlt3-transduced flt3− progenitors gave rise to functional DCs and IPCs, but not control-GFP-transduced flt3− progenitors in vitro. Similarly, hFlt3-transduced MEPs differentiated into functional DCs in Flt3L, SCF, GM-CSF, IL-4, and TNF-a supplemented cultures but not into TER119+ erythroid cells. DC developmental potential of hFlt3-transduced MEPs was comparable to GFP-transduced GMPs. Over expression of hFlt3 in GMPs resulted in augmentation of its DC developmental potential. Interestingly, both hFlt3-tarnsduced MEPs and GMPs preferentially differentiated into IPCs in Flt3L supplemented medium. RT-PCR analysis revealed that enforced Flt3 signaling in MEPs lead to up-regulation of GM- and/or DC-development affiliated genes such as G-CSF receptor, M-CSF receptor, and GM-CSF receptor, PU.1, C/EBPa and STAT3. Furthermore, hFlt3-transduced MEPs gave rise to myeloid colonies (CFU-GM/G/M) but not CFU-Mix colonies in GM-CSF, IL-3, SCF, Flt3L, Tpo, and Epo supplemented methylcellulose medium. These results show that artificial Flt3 signaling in otherwise Flt3− progenitors is sufficient to reestablish DC/IPC differentiation and GM-differentiation programs.
Microstructured snow targets for high energy quasi-monoenergetic proton acceleration (2013)

Compact size sources of high energy protons (50-200MeV) are expected to be key technology in a wide range of scientific applications <sup>1-8</sup>. One promising approach is the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) scheme <sup>9,10</sup>, holding record level of 67MeV protons generated by a peta-Watt laser <sup>11</sup>. In general, laser intensity exceeding 10<sup>18</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup> is required to produce MeV level protons. Another approach is the Break-Out Afterburner (BOA) scheme which is a more efficient acceleration scheme but requires an extremely clean pulse with contrast ratio of above 10<sup>-10</sup>. Increasing the energy of the accelerated protons using modest energy laser sources is a very attractive task nowadays. Recently, nano-scale targets were used to accelerate ions <sup>12,13</sup> but no significant enhancement of the accelerated proton energy was measured. Here we report on the generation of up to 20MeV by a modest (5TW) laser system interacting with a microstructured snow target deposited on a Sapphire substrate. This scheme relax also the requirement of high contrast ratio between the pulse and the pre-pulse, where the latter produces the highly structured plasma essential for the interaction process. The plasma near the tip of the snow target is subject to locally enhanced laser intensity with high spatial gradients, and enhanced charge separation is obtained. Electrostatic fields of extremely high intensities are produced, and protons are accelerated to MeV-level energies. PIC simulations of this targets reproduce the experimentally measured energy scaling and predict the generation of 150 MeV protons from laser power of 100TW laser system<sup>18</sup>.
Aircraft trajectory based network centric applications (2007)

4D operations are regarded as the enabler for the future air operations. System Wide Information Management (SWIM) is regarded as the information architecture that provides the information management capabilities needed to realize 4D operations. To benefit from SWIM, network centric applications are needed. In this paper, air traffic control is viewed from the perspective of control theory. The information management concept that is realized by SWIM and the applications has to ensure that the different control loops are closed in a stable way. This paper discusses the research performed in the area of two such applications. The first one is an on-board application in the commercial aviation domain that provides 4D trajectory data to the SWIM environment. The second one is an application in the military domain that aims to achieve integrated and coherent cooperation using the network enabled capabilities offered by SWIM.