gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for decays of stopped exotic long-lived particles produced in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2018)

A bstract A search is presented for the decays of heavy exotic long-lived particles (LLPs) that are produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC and come to rest in the CMS detector. Their decays would be visible during periods of time well separated from proton-proton collisions. Two decay scenarios of stopped LLPs are explored: a hadronic decay detected in the calorimeter and a decay into muons detected in the muon system. The calorimeter (muon) search covers a period of sensitivity totaling 721 (744) hours in 38.6 (39.0) fb −1 of data collected by the CMS detector in 2015 and 2016. The results are interpreted in several scenarios that predict LLPs. Production cross section limits are set as a function of the mean proper lifetime and the mass of the LLPs, for lifetimes between 100 ns and 10 days. These are the most stringent limits to date on the mass of hadronically decaying stopped LLPs, and this is the first search at the LHC for stopped LLPs that decay to muons.
P‐2: Novel High Mobility Oxide TFT with Self‐Aligned S/D Regions Formed by Wet‐etch process (2016)

In this paper, we investigated the high mobility InGaSnO TFTs with self‐aligned source/drain regions (n + −IGTO) formed by wet etch process. We compared the electrical characteristics of n + −IGTO formed by dry‐etch and wet‐etch. The resistivity and thermal stability of n + −IGTO by wet‐etch was comparable to the conventional dry‐etch, 5.3x10‐3Ω·cm and 109%. The proposed IGTO TFTs exhibited high mobility of ∼20cm2/Vs, 0.47V of Vth uniformity on Gen.2 and 0.9V of PBTS 1hr reliability.
Workflow to Integrate Geophysical Deep EM and Reservoir Simulation for Interwell Saturation Mapping (2017)

This work focuses on a novel workflow for integrating geophysical deep electromagnetic (EM) and reservoir simulation for interwell saturation mapping. A crosswell EM survey was performed between two horizontal wells, a dead oil producer and a water injector, aiming to obtain better diagnostics of bypassed oil in a tight fractured carbonate reservoir. To interpret the acquired 3D resistivity cube delivered by the crosswell EM, Archie’s model needs a volumetric distribution of porosity and water resistivity, linked to spatial salinity distribution. A specifically tailored workflow integrating reservoir simulation history matching and fracture scenarios, supporting the creation of multiple oil/water saturation scenarios, ultimately bring to the identification of an oil accumulation bypassed by the water flood.
Robust WiFi Localization by Fusing Derivative Fingerprints of RSS and Multiple Classifiers (2020)

It is notable that localization accuracy using received signal strength (RSS) fingerprints solely is very vulnerable to dynamic environments. Utilizing multiple fingerprints gleaned from RSS for localization is a propitious strategy to overcome the RSS susceptibility. Brimful utilization via fusing multiple fingerprint functions which supplement each other are not harnessed by existing fusion-based techniques, resulting in low localization accuracy. This paper presents a novel and robust WiFi localization modus operandi by fusing DerIvative Fingerprints of RSS with MultIple Classifiers (DIFMIC). DIFMIC first constructs a multiple fingerprints group by gleaning hyperbolic location fingerprint (HLF) and signal strength differences fingerprint (DIFF) from RSS fingerprints. Then, it obtains Multiple Fingerprints Trained Classifiers (MFTCs) via training each basic classifier with each fingerprint. To fully leverage the inherent supplementation among fingerprints and classifiers, a two-layer fusion profile (weights) joint optimization algorithm with multiple constraints is proposed. We also propose a Fusion Profile Selection (FPS) algorithm to intelligently choose fusion weights from the two-layer fusion profile for a more accurate localization. DIFMIC shows more leverage in combining multiple information, thus exhibiting better robustness in WiFi positioning. Results from our experiments reflect that DIFMIC performs better than other existing methods in real environments.
Low Cost Glass Interposer Development (2014)

For high density interconnection IC packages of the future, the outlook is for thinner packages with higher routing densities. With that, managing the substrate warpage becomes critical. Traditional organic substrates may face several challenges for high density I/Os with very fine line interconnections. Glass is one of the candidates that can be used in substrate industry. The infrastructure of glass for LCD industry has already been developed for many years. Glass also has several superior properties than other substrate candidates, such as large panel size availability, adjustable CTE, high modulus, low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and high insulating ability. In this paper, we successfully demonstrate early manufacturing feasibility of glass substrate with 4 build-up layers starting with a thin glass panel of thickness of 200μm in 508mm μ 508mm panel size format and under the IC substrate manufacturing environment. Fabrication and electrical results of a test vehicle are documented. The test vehicle includes daisy chains that are connected with 100μm diameter through glass via (TGV) in a 200μm thick glass. The laser via in via technology was adopted for double side electrical connection. The copper line width/space of 8/8μm was demonstrated. The total thickness of 4 layers test vehicle is about 390μm. The warpage of glass in comparison with an organic substrate (BT) with 200μm core thickness is 3X better. Further work is needed to develop, fine tune and assess the detailed manufacturability and reliability concerns. Based on this work, it is clear that the potential of glass in IC packaging and integration is tremendous in diverse applications for substrate warpage enhancement.
Effect of sequence length, sequence frequency, and data acquisition rate on the performance of a Hadamard transform time-of-flight mass spectrometer (2001)

Various factors influencing the performance of a Hadamard transform time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HT-TOFMS) have been investigated. Using a nitrogen corona discharge to produce an ion stream of N2+, N3+, and N4+, it is found for spectra containing only N4+ that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) closely approaches the value calculated from the ion background by assuming that the ion background follows a Poisson distribution. In contrast, for a more intense beam containing N2+, N3+, and N4+, the SNR is less than its theoretical value because of the appearance of discrete spikes in the mass spectrum caused by deviations in the actual modulation sequence from the ideal one. These spikes can be reduced, however, by decreasing the modulation voltage. Under these optimized conditions, the pseudo-random sequence length is varied to understand how it alters SNR, mass resolution, and scan speed. When the length of the pseudo-random sequence is doubled, the SNR increases by the square root of 2 while the time necessary to record a mass spectrum also doubles. Mass resolution can be varied between 500 and 1200 at m/z = 609 as the sequence length, modulation speed (10 MHz, 25 MHz), and acquisition rate (up to 50 MHz) are changed. Scan speeds of 6000 passes per s can be obtained using a sequence containing 4095 elements modulated at 25 MHz. The capability to tailor the HT-TOFMS to increase the scan speed and resolution with a constant 50% duty cycle makes the technique extremely appealing as a mass analyzer for measuring rapid changes in the composition of an ion stream.
Ho:YLF Regenerative Amplifier with 6.9 mJ at 1 kHz Overcoming Bifurcation Instability (2015)

We demonstrate a Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier overcoming bifurcation instability and consequently achieving record-high extraction energies of 6.9 mJ at a repetition rate of 1 kHz with pulse-to-pulse fluctuations of 1.1%.
Abstract 2607: Antitumor activity of the selective RAF inhibitor HM95573 in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies (2015)

Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is particularly important for the survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Activation of the MAPK pathway due to mutations in BRAF, NRAS and KRAS is considered one of the causes of solid tumors (NSCLC, CRC,HCC, andthyroid cancers) and hematologic malignancies. HM95573 is a novel, highly potent RAF kinase inhibitor. Biochemically assayed for over 120 kinases, HM95573 showed the high selectivity toward BRAF mutant and CRAF kinases. The half maximal inhibition concentrations (IC50) of HM95573 against BRAFWT, BRAFV600E and CRAF kinases were 41nM, 7nM and 2nM, respectively. The strongly inhibited kinases subsequent to RAF kinases appeared to be CSF1R (44nM), DDR1 (77nM) and DDR2 (182 nM). HM95573 potently inhibited the growth of BRAFmutation CRC cell lines (e.g. IC50: 118nM for Colo-205) and thyroid cancer cell lines (43nM for B-CPAP); KRAS mutation NSCLC cell lines(297nM for Calu-6),CRC cell lines(65nM for HCT-116) and thyroid cancer cell lines(479nM for CAL-62); and NRAS mutation HCC cell lines(28nM for HepG2) andleukemia cell lines (39nM for HL-60). HM95573 effectively inhibited the phosphorylations of MEK and ERK, downstream kinases associated with cell proliferation in tumor cell lines mutated in BRAF, KRAS and NRAS. In addition, the phosphorylation of downstream kinases of RAF such as MEK and ERK was effectively inhibited with treatment of HM95573 in mutant KRAS NSCLC and CRC cells. HM95573 showed the excellent antitumor activity in mouse models xenografted with BRAF mutation cell line (Colo-205), KRAS mutation cell lines (Calu-6 and HCT-116)and NRAS mutation cell line (HepG2)two RAF inhibitors approved in melanoma which were effective to only BRAF mutation cell lines under conditions tested. The in vivo antitumor activity of HM95573 was potentiated with MEK inhibitors. Now, HM95573 is currently in phase I development in patients with advanced solid tumors including KRAS mutation NSCLC in Korea. Citation Format: Young-Mi Lee, InHwan Bae, Namgoong Gwang Mo, Jae Ho Lee, Suhyeon Kim, Ji Yeon Song, Kyu Hang Lee, Tae Hun Song, Young Gil Ahn, Young Hoon Kim, Kwee Hyun Suh. Antitumor activity of the selective RAF inhibitor HM95573 in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2607. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2607
Design of diffractive optical surfaces within the nonimaging SMS design method (2015)

The Simultaneous Multiple Surface (SMS) method was initially developed as a design method in Nonimaging Optics and later, the method was extended for designing Imaging Optics. We show an extension of the SMS method to diffractive surfaces. Using this method, diffractive kinoform surfaces are calculated simultaneously and through a direct method, i. e. it is not based in multi-parametric optimization techniques. Using the phase-shift properties of diffractive surfaces as an extra degree of freedom, only N/2 surfaces are needed to perfectly couple N one parameter wavefronts. Wavefronts of different wavelengths can also be coupled, hence chromatic aberration can be corrected in SMS-based systems. This method can be used by combining and calculating simultaneously both reflective, refractive and diffractive surfaces, through direct calculation of phase and refractive/reflective profiles. Representative diffractive systems designed by the SMS method are presented.
Frame-Based Space-Time Covariance Matrix Estimation for Polynomial Eigenvalue Decomposition-Based Speech Enhancement (2022)

Recent work in speech enhancement has proposed a polynomial eigenvalue decomposition (PEVD) method, yielding significant intelligibility and noise-reduction improvements without introducing distortions in the enhanced signal [1]. The method relies on the estimation of a space-time covariance matrix, performed in batch mode such that a sufficiently long portion of the noisy signal is used to derive an accurate estimate. However, in applications where the scene is nonstationary, this approach is unable to adapt to changes in the acoustic scenario. This paper thus proposes a frame-based procedure for the estimation of space-time covariance matrices and investigates its impact on subsequent PEVD speech enhancement. The method is found to yield spatial filters and speech enhancement improvements comparable to the batch method in [1], showing potential for real-time processing.
Genes Contributing to Porphyromonas gingivalis Fitness in Abscess and Epithelial Cell Colonization Environments (2017)

<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> is an important cause of serious periodontal diseases, and is emerging as a pathogen in several systemic conditions including some forms of cancer. Initial colonization by <i>P. gingivalis</i> involves interaction with gingival epithelial cells, and the organism can also access host tissues and spread haematogenously. To better understand the mechanisms underlying these properties, we utilized a highly saturated transposon insertion library of <i>P. gingivalis</i>, and assessed the fitness of mutants during epithelial cell colonization and survival in a murine abscess model by high-throughput sequencing (Tn-Seq). Transposon insertions in many genes previously suspected as contributing to virulence showed significant fitness defects in both screening assays. In addition, a number of genes not previously associated with <i>P. gingivalis</i> virulence were identified as important for fitness. We further examined fitness defects of four such genes by generating defined mutations. Genes encoding a carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, a replication-associated recombination protein, a nitrosative stress responsive HcpR transcription regulator, and RNase Z, a zinc phosphodiesterase, showed a fitness phenotype in epithelial cell colonization and in a competitive abscess infection. This study verifies the importance of several well-characterized putative virulence factors of <i>P. gingivalis</i> and identifies novel fitness determinants of the organism.
HD6 Defensin Nanonets (2012)

The human α-defensin 6 peptide fights infection in the human intestine by forming nanonets that entrap the microbial cells.
Implant Degradation and Poor Healing After Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: An Analysis of Explanted Stent-Grafts (2006)

The long-term stability of implants remains a concern and requires more transparency from manufacturers regarding the surface properties of their devices. Lack of neointima formation impairs biological fixation of the implant to the vessel wall, leading to possible endoleaks and migration. New-generation stent-grafts promoting biological fixation should be developed to improve clinical outcomes of this minimally invasive treatment.
Electrochemical Sensors, Sensor Arrays, and Computer Algorithms (1986)

Recent developments in the field of sensing airborne chemicals using electrochemical sensors and sensor arrays are reviewed. Such systems detect, identify, and quantify potential chemical hazards to protect the health and safety of workers and citizens. The application discussed in this review article is single chemicals at part-per-million levels in air. The sensor system consists of an array of sensors used In four modes of operation, and the data are interpreted by a computer algorithm. Pattern recognition techniques are being used to understand the information content of the arrays and to focus future experimental work.
Subconjunctival Injection of XG-102, a JNK Inhibitor Peptide, in Patients with Intraocular Inflammation: A Safety and Tolerability Study (2014)

In this first clinical trial using XG-102, administered as a single subconjunctival injection as adjunct therapy, in patients with recent post-surgery or post-trauma intraocular inflammation is safe and well tolerated. Further studies are required to evaluate its efficacy.
Recurrent Switching Dynamical Systems Models for Multiple Interacting Neural Populations. (2020)

Abstract Modern recording techniques can generate large-scale measurements of multiple neural populations over extended time periods. However, it remains a challenge to model non-stationary interactions between high-dimensional populations of neurons. To tackle this challenge, we develop recurrent switching linear dynamical systems models for multiple populations. Here, each high-dimensional neural population is represented by a unique set of latent variables, which evolve dynamically in time. Populations interact with each other through this low-dimensional space. We allow the nature of these interactions to change over time by using a discrete set of dynamical states. Additionally, we parameterize these discrete state transition rules to capture which neural populations are responsible for switching between interaction states. To fit the model, we use variational expectation-maximization with a structured mean-field approximation. After validating the model on simulations, we apply it to two different neural datasets: spiking activity from motor areas in a non-human primate, and calcium imaging from neurons in the nematode C. elegans. In both datasets, the model reveals behaviorally-relevant discrete states with unique inter-population interactions and different populations that predict transitioning between these states.
Creating Linkage Permutations to Prevent Self-Intersection and Enable Deployable Networks of Thick-Origami (2018)

Origami concepts show promise for creating complex deployable systems. However, translating origami to thick (non-paper) materials introduces challenges, including that thick panels do not flex to facilitate folding and the chances for self-intersection of components increase. This work introduces methods for creating permutations of linkage-based, origami-inspired mechanisms that retain desired kinematics but avoid self-intersection and enable their connection into deployable networks. Methods for reconfiguring overconstrained linkages and implementing them as modified origami-inspired mechanisms are proved and demonstrated for multiple linkage examples. Equations are derived describing the folding behavior of these implementations. An approach for designing networks of linkage-based origami vertices is demonstrated and applications for tessellations are described. The results offer the opportunity to exploit origami principles to create deployable systems not previously feasible.
Safety and Security in the Internet of Things (2017)

The homes, offices, and vehicles of tomorrow will be embedded with numerous "Smart Things," networked with each other and with the Internet. Many of these Things are embedded in the physical infrastructure, and like the infrastructure they are designed to last for decades -- far longer than is normal with today's electronic devices. What happens then, when an occupant moves out or transfers ownership of her Smart Environment? This paper outlines the critical challenges required for the safe long-term operation of Smart Environments. How does an occupant identify and decommission all the Things in an environment before she moves out? How does a new occupant discover, identify, validate, and configure all the Things in the environment he adopts? When a person moves from smart home to smart office to smart hotel, how is a new environment vetted for safety and security, how are personal settings migrated, and how are they securely deleted on departure? When the original vendor of a Thing (or the service behind it) disappears, how can that Thing (and its data, and its configuration) be transferred to a new service provider? What interface can enable lay people to manage these complex challenges, and be assured of their privacy, security, and safety? We present a list of key research questions to address these important challenges.
Flow of Emulsified Acid in Carbonate Rocks (2015)

We conducted tracer experiments on core samples from six different carbonates to study the flow of acid fluid through the porous media of carbonate rocks and correlate the carbonate pore classes to the acid response. Pore structures were characterized by section analysis, high pressure mercury injection tests, and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements; mineralogy was determined by X-ray diffraction. Tracer concentration profiles were analyzed to quantify the carbonate pore-scale heterogeneity. The heterogeneity is expressed using a parameter f—the available fraction of pore structure contributing to the flow. From the results, different characterization methods could be connected to the acid fluid flow through the porous media of carbonate rocks. It was also found that the response of the acid depends on the carbonate pore classes. Applications include the design of matrix acid treatments in carbonate rocks.
Cabin air quality. Aerospace Medical Association. (1997)

Cabin Air Quality has generated considerable public and workers' concern and controversy in the last few years. To clarify the situation, AsMA requested the Passenger Health Subcommittee of the Air Transport Medicine Committee to review the situation and prepare a position statement. After identifying the various sources of confusion, we review the scientifically accepted facts in the different elements involved in Cabin Air Quality: pressurization, ventilation, contaminants, humidity and temperature. At the same time, we identify areas that need more research and make recommendations accordingly.