gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of SiC-MOSFET Embedding Schottky Barrier Diode for Inactivation of Parasitic Body Diode (2017)

External Schottky barrier diodes (SBD) are generally used to suppress the conduction of the body diode of MOSFET. A large external SBD is required for a high voltage module because of its high specific resistance, while the forward voltage of SBD should be kept smaller than the built-in potential of the body diode. Embedding SBD into MOSFET with short cycle length increases maximum source-drain voltage where body diode remains inactive, resulting in high current density of SBD current. We propose a MOSFET structure where an SBD is embedded into each unit cell and an additional doping is applied, which allows high current density in reverse operation without any activation of body diode. The proposed MOSFET was successfully fabricated and much higher reverse current density was demonstrated compared to the external SBD. We can expect to reduce total chip size of high voltage modules using the proposed MOSFET embedding SBD.
Smectic-A-smectic-Ctransition: Mean field or critical (1983)

We have carried out a detailed study of the smectic-$A$-smectic-$C$ transition in butyloxybenzylidene heptylaniline (40.7) using high-resolution x-ray, heat-capacity, and light scattering techniques. Although the order-parameter data are consistent with heliumlike critical behavior, the data as a whole are uniquely described by a mean-field Landau model with an anomalously large sixth-order term.
ASSESSING EMPIRICAL SOFTWARE DATA WITH MLP NEURAL NETWORKS (2005)

Abstract: Software measurements provide developers and software managers with information on various aspects of software systems, such as effectiveness, functionality, maintainability, or the effort and cost needed to develop a software system. Based on collected data, models capturing some aspects of software development process can be constructed. A good model should allow software professionals to not only evaluate current or completed projects but also predict future projects with an acceptable degree of accuracy. Artificial neural networks employ a parallel distributed processing paradigm for learning of system and data behavior. Some network models, such as multilayer perceptrons, can be used to build models with universal approximation capabilities. This paper describes an application in which neural networks are used to capture the behavior of several sets of software development related data. The goal of the experiment is to gain an insight into the modeling of software data, and to evaluate the quality of available data sets and some existing conventional models.
A 2.5-GHz Multimode Broadband Bias-Segmented Power Amplifier With Linearity-Efficiency Tradeoff (2018)

This letter presents a highly linear, efficient, and fully integrated 2.5-GHz power amplifier (PA) for 4G long term evolution (LTE) applications in the 65-nm CMOS process. To improve the linearity, the segmented bias technique is adopted to increase the compression point of the PA. The power cell switching technique is also used to enhance the back-off efficiency of the PA. This technique enables the PA to operate in two zones: high power and medium power. The PA can be reconfigured in four modes to perform the desired performances and obtain the tradeoff between efficiency and linearity. The PA delivers a saturated output power of 29 dBm, a power gain of 30 dB, a power-added efficiency of 26%, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 780 MHz.
PHCALC: A Computer Program for Acid/Base Equilibrium Calculations (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPHCALC: A Computer Program for Acid/Base Equilibrium CalculationsJames E. Kipp Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 2, 119Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1994Published inissue 1 February 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ed071p119RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cognition in Parkinson disease: An event‐related potential perspective (1982)

Auditory event-related potentials (ERP) elicited in a target detection stimulus paradigm and pattern-shift visual ERPs were studied in 20 male patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) and 20 age-matched normal controls. Patients showed significantly increased latencies for both the P200 and P300 components of the auditory ERP. Patients and controls showed no significant differences in latency of the visual ERP but patients showed significantly decreased amplitude. Only one of five neuropsychological measures, the Symbol Digit Modalities test (SDMT), showed a significant negative correlation with P300 latency. The significant association between the two measures that showed impairments in the PD patients (P300 latency and SDMT scores) suggested that these measures reflect a common, disrupted aspect of cognitive function in PD.
Plasmonic and Electrostatic Interactions Enable Uniformly Enhanced Liquid Bacterial Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) (2020)

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising cellular identification and drug susceptibility testing platform, provided it can be performed in a controlled liquid environment that maintains cell viability. We investigate bacterial liquid-SERS, studying plasmonic and electrostatic interactions between gold nanorods and bacteria that enable uniformly enhanced SERS. We synthesize five nanorod sizes with longitudinal plasmon resonances ranging from 670 to 860 nm and characterize SERS signatures of Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Serratia marcescens</i> and Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> bacteria in water. Varying the concentration of bacteria and nanorods, we achieve large-area SERS enhancement that is independent of nanorod resonance and bacteria type; however, bacteria with higher surface charge density exhibit significantly higher SERS signal. Using cryo-electron microscopy and zeta potential measurements, we show that the higher signal results from attraction between positively charged nanorods and negatively charged bacteria. Our robust liquid-SERS measurements provide a foundation for bacterial identification and drug testing in biological fluids.
Wnt-3A/β-Catenin Signaling Induces Transcription from the LEF-1 Promoter (2002)

Members of the Wnt family of secreted molecules have been established as key factors in determining cell fate and morphogenic signaling. It has long been recognized that Wnt induces morphogenic signaling through the Tcf/LEF-1 cascade by regulating free intracellular levels of beta-catenin, a co-factor for Tcf/LEF-1 transcription factors. In the present study, we have demonstrated that Wnt-3A can also directly induce transcription from the LEF-1 promoter. This induction was dependent on glycogen synthase kinase 3beta inactivation, a rise in free intracellular beta-catenin, and a short 110-bp Wnt-responsive element (WRE) in the LEF-1 promoter. Linear and internal deletion of this WRE led to a dramatic increase in constitutive LEF-1 promoter activity and loss of Wnt-3A responsiveness. In isolation, the 110-bp WRE conferred context-independent Wnt-3A or beta-catenin(S37A) responsiveness to a heterologous SV40 promoter. Studies expressing dominant active and negative forms of LEF-1, beta-catenin, GSK-3beta, and beta-catenin/LEF-1 fusions suggest that Wnt-3A activates the LEF-1 promoter through a beta-catenin-dependent and LEF-1-independent process. Wnt-3A expression also induced multiple changes in the binding of factors to the WRE and suggests that regulatory mechanisms may involve modulation of a multiprotein complex. In summary, these results provide evidence for transcriptional regulation of the LEF-1 promoter by Wnt and enhance the mechanistic understanding of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in the regulation of LEF-1-dependent developmental processes.
Enlarging hypermetabolic nodule: benign non-functional adrenocortical adenoma (2017)

A 70-year-old woman with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented for evaluation of chronic abdominal discomfort. An incidental 3.2×3.5×3 cm left adrenal mass was identified on CT. Physical examination revealed obesity stage 2 without a Cushingoid appearance and controlled hypertension with a regular heart rate. Biochemical evaluations for Cushing syndrome, primary aldosteronism and pheochromocytoma were negative. A 1-year follow-up CT of the adrenal glands with washout showed a larger left-sided adrenal mass, measuring 4.3x3.4x3 cm (figure 1A). The attenuation values of the mass were indeterminate: non-contrast, 15 Hounsfield unit (HU); portal venous, 70 HU; delayed, 42 HU; absolute washout, …
Observation of reactive shear layer modulation associated with high-frequency transverse thermoacoustic oscillations in a gas turbine reheat combustor experiment (2022)

This paper presents the investigation of high-frequency thermoacoustic oscillations and associated flame dynamics in an experimental gas turbine reheat combustor at atmospheric pressure. Examination of dynamic pressure measurements reveals bursts of high-frequency periodic oscillations which appear randomly amidst stochastic fluctuations in the reheat combustor. Analysis of the flame dynamics during these bursts of periodic behaviour reveals that increased heat release in the reactive shear layers of the reheat flame is associated with greater thermoacoustic driving potential. This redistribution of heat release is likely due to the stochastic nature of auto-ignition kernel formation. To determine the underlying flame-acoustic coupling mechanism behind the driving potential, phase-resolved flame dynamics over the acoustic cycle are investigated which reveal the presence of an oscillatory heat release pattern associated with the first transverse eigenmode. An in-phase interaction between the acoustic field and these heat release oscillations in the shear layer regions indicates that this phenomenon likely constitutes a thermoacoustic driving mechanism. This is an important step towards the development of models for high-frequency thermoacoustic driving mechanisms relevant to reheat combustion systems, which will allow accurate prediction and mitigation of thermoacoustic instabilities in future designs.
Task-driven Adaptive Sensing on Quadrupole Mass Filter Systems for Classification (2015)

An information-theoretical adaptive sensing and classification framework is proposed for Quadrupole mass filter systems. Simulation results demonstrate significant reduction in number of measurement and improvement of classification accuracy using the adaptive approach compared with baselines.
Immobilization of biomolecules in nanobottles (2007)

A new bioimmobilization technology was developed using nanometer-sized, glass nanobottles made by using polymer nanostructures as template, to capture and contain biomolecules in their free state on surfaces. The polymer nanostructures were formed by film symmetry break-up during microwave irradiation under liquid environment.
CARTIER: Cartographic lAnguage Reasoning Targeted at Instruction Execution for Robots (2023)

This work explores the capacity of large language models (LLMs) to address problems at the intersection of spatial planning and natural language interfaces for navigation. We focus on following complex instructions that are more akin to natural conversation than traditional explicit procedural directives typically seen in robotics. Unlike most prior work where navigation directives are provided as simple imperative commands (e.g., "go to the fridge"), we examine implicit directives obtained through conversational interactions.We leverage the 3D simulator AI2Thor to create household query scenarios at scale, and augment it by adding complex language queries for 40 object types. We demonstrate that a robot using our method CARTIER (Cartographic lAnguage Reasoning Targeted at Instruction Execution for Robots) can parse descriptive language queries up to 42% more reliably than existing LLM-enabled methods by exploiting the ability of LLMs to interpret the user interaction in the context of the objects in the scenario.
Section Overview (2022)

This section presents the engineering tools that we currently have at our disposal when investigating blast injury science and engineering and notes the challenges that are yet to be addressed. This short overview describes the various areas that are addressed within the chapters of this section.
Cytochrome c oxidase models. A µ-imidazolato complex from copper(II) and tetraphenylporphyrinatomanganese(II) with the magnetic and e.s.r. signature of the cytochrome c oxidase active site (1985)

A µ-imidazolato heterobimetallic compound derived from an imidazolate-bearing CuII complex (S= 1/2) and [MnII(TPP)](S= 5/2) possesses the magnetic and e.s.r.-silent signature of the cytochrome c oxidase active site in its resting state; as such, the [Mn(imidazolato)Cu]+ centre appears to mimic electronically the binuclear [Cuu2+(S= 1/2)/Cyt. a33+(S= 5/2)] active site of the enzyme.
Chirality-assisted lateral momentum transfer for bidirectional enantioselective separation (2020)

Lateral optical forces induced by linearly polarized laser beams have been predicted to deflect dipolar particles with opposite chiralities toward opposite transversal directions. These "chirality-dependent" forces can offer new possibilities for passive all-optical enantioselective sorting of chiral particles, which is essential to the nanoscience and drug industries. However, previous chiral sorting experiments focused on large particles with diameters in the geometrical-optics regime. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, the robust sorting of Mie (size ~ wavelength) chiral particles with different handedness at an air-water interface using optical lateral forces induced by a single linearly polarized laser beam. The nontrivial physical interactions underlying these chirality-dependent forces distinctly differ from those predicted for dipolar or geometrical-optics particles. The lateral forces emerge from a complex interplay between the light polarization, lateral momentum enhancement, and out-of-plane light refraction at the particle-water interface. The sign of the lateral force could be reversed by changing the particle size, incident angle, and polarization of the obliquely incident light.
Blockade of protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4) provides robust antithrombotic activity with low bleeding (2017)

Antiplatelet agents are proven efficacious treatments for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the existing drugs are compromised by unwanted and sometimes life-threatening bleeding that limits drug usage or dosage. There is a substantial unmet medical need for an antiplatelet drug with strong efficacy and low bleeding risk. Thrombin is a potent platelet agonist that directly induces platelet activation via the G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled protease-activated receptors PAR1 and PAR4. A PAR1 antagonist is approved for clinical use, but its use is limited by a substantial bleeding risk. Conversely, the potential of PAR4 as an antiplatelet target has not been well characterized. Using anti-PAR4 antibodies, we demonstrated a low bleeding risk and an effective antithrombotic profile with PAR4 inhibition in guinea pigs. Subsequently, high-throughput screening and an extensive medicinal chemistry effort resulted in the discovery of BMS-986120, an orally active, selective, and reversible PAR4 antagonist. In a cynomolgus monkey arterial thrombosis model, BMS-986120 demonstrated potent and highly efficacious antithrombotic activity. BMS-986120 also exhibited a low bleeding liability and a markedly wider therapeutic window compared to the standard antiplatelet agent clopidogrel tested in the same nonhuman primate model. These preclinical findings define the biological role of PAR4 in mediating platelet aggregation. In addition, they indicate that targeting PAR4 is an attractive antiplatelet strategy with the potential to treat patients at a high risk of atherothrombosis with superior safety compared with the current standard of care.
Chapter 8. Hydrogen-bonded Semiconductor Co-crystals (2018)

Organic semiconductor materials are used in a variety of technologically important applications such as optoelectronic devices and thin-film transistors. The building blocks of organic semiconductors are often based on π-conjugated molecules. However, not all π-rich molecules exhibit favorable conductivities due to poor overlap between neighboring molecules. We discuss in this chapter our work to utilize crystal engineering strategies to direct the solid-state packing of organic semiconductor molecules and achieve favorable π–π stacking arrangements in hydrogen-bonded solids in the form of co-crystals. Co-crystal formers are employed to support face-to-face stacking of small-molecule organic semiconductor units (e.g. thiophenes). We also describe how co-crystallization can be used to direct solid-state reactions involving organic semiconductor molecules. Approaches involving metal-organic complexes to achieve conductivity are also discussed.
Introduction, demography, and general methods (1993)

The International Cooperative Biocompatibility Study was planned to analyse the symptomatic and laboratory response to seven different dialysers studied in five centres in four countries. The dialysers used were the G10-3N, G120 M, CD 4000, T 150, Duo-Flux, F 60, and Filtral (see below for full description). A total of 37 patients in the Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical Center, Chicago; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit; Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka; Wilhelm Pieck University Hospital, Rostock; and Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm were studied. All patients had been dialysed for a minimum of 6 months, were non-diabetic, stable, and compliant; and most were middle-aged and male. Patients were treated three times per week for 2 weeks with each new dialyser with random assignment to one of four orders of dialyser use. The same manufacturing lot of each dialyser, blood line sets and needles were used by all centres. Delivery systems were volumetric controlled except for some patients in Osaka treated with negative-pressure equipment. Individual patient prescriptions (Kt/Vs for urea), in use prior to the study, were continued. Kt/Vs for all treatments were derived from reported blood flows and blood water corrected mass transfer coefficients multiplied by dialyser surface area. Clinical data were measure pre-, intra- and postdialysis. Hourly signs, symptoms, drugs, and nursing interventions were recorded using the identical treatment record at all centres. In addition, patients completed a questionnaire form (translated into the appropriate language) at least weekly, relating symptoms experienced with each dialyser. Laboratory investigations were performed during the sixth consecutive treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anoxia-Reoxygenation Stimulates Collagen Type-I and MMP-1 Expression in Cardiac Fibroblasts (2004)

Thus, it appears that A-R stimulates fibroblast cell growth, collagen type-I synthesis, and MMP-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts, most likely a result of ROS generation. Inhibition of ROS generation and induction of NF-kappaB in cardiac fibroblasts during A-R may be a mechanism of action of pioglitazone.
Kristallstrukturen chiraler Diastereomere eines organischen High-spin-Moleküls (1998)

Optische und magnetische Eigenschaften in organischen Verbindungen gezielt zu vereinen – diesem Ziel ist man mit der Bestimmung der Kristallstrukturen von zwei Diastereomeren eines Moleküls mit S = 3/2-Spinzustand näher gekommen (Kalottenmodell eines der Diastereomere rechts gezeigt). Es gelang auch die säulenchromatographische Trennung von einem der Stereoisomere in die Enantiomere.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Haloperidol Ethane Dithioketal HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors: Magnesium Chloride Facilitated Addition of Grignard Reagents. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Metalloporphyrin effects on properties of DNA polymers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetalloporphyrin effects on properties of DNA polymersJames A. Strickland, Debra L. Banville, W. David Wilson, and Luigi G. MarzilliCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 20, 3398–3406Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00267a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00267a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental detection of proteolytic activity in a signal peptide peptidase of Arabidopsis thaliana (2013)

The data from the in vitro cell-free assay indicated that the membrane fraction of both Arabidopsis cells and AtSPP recombinantly expressed in yeast actually possessed proteolytic activity for a human SPP substrate. We concluded that plant SPP possesses proteolytic activity and may be involved in RIP.