gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vision (2014)

Today's cellular networks are built with``macro cell'' basestations connected to the Internet via a rigid, complicated backhaul. Even with state-of-art technologies like LTE, users get limited throughput and high latency, with high variance. Performance enhancing IP boxes are deployed in the cellular operator's datacenters, far from the user. As a result, the most compelling cloudlet applications are difficult to realize on such networks and cloudlet researchers have thus far focused on Wi-Fi networks only.
Thin-Film Silicon Nitride on Electro-Optic Materials for a Novel Modulator Architecture (2018)

This paper introduces integration of silicon nitride onto electro-optic (EO) materials to realize novel RF-photonic modulators. The introduction of silicon nitride to EO material enables novel modulator relying on modifying its index ellipsoid. Design, fabrication, and experimental demonstration of such a modulator is presented.
Tailored p‐Orbital Delocalization by Diatomic Pt‐Ce Induced Interlayer Spacing Engineering for Highly‐Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis (Adv. Energy Mater. 6/2023) (2023)

Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction In article number 2203201, Johnny C. Ho and co-workers design 2D SnS nanosheets with tailored interlayer spacing, including both expansion and compression, through active diatomic Pt-Ce pairs. The tailored interlayer spacing tunes the delocalized electron density of localized p-orbitals in Sn and changes chemical affinity towards NO3− and NO2−, realizing an excellent ammonia Faradaic efficiency and yield rate from the electrochemical nitrate reduction.
EIS: Measurement Model Program (2020)

The measurement model is used to analyze electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. The measurement model installation file works with the MS Windows operating system. With this program, you will be able to identify the stochastic error structure of your measurements, used to weight further regressions. You will be able to determine what part of your measurement is inconsistent with the Kramers-Kronig relations. You will be able to estimate capacitance and ohmic resistance, from which you can identify the characteristic frequency above which the geometry of the electrode may cause frequency dispersion. You will also be able to fit custom models to your data. The reference manual, reached from the Help Tab, also provides links to sample data, custom models, and Python code.Copyright ©2020, University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
Carney Complex, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, Cowden Disease, and Bannayan-Zonana Syndrome Share Cutaneous and Endocrine Manifestations, But Not Genetic Loci (1998)

Carney complex (CC), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), Cowden disease (CD), and Bannayan-Zonana syndrome (BZS) share clinical features, such as mucocutaneous lentigines and multiple tumors (thyroid, breast, ovarian, and testicular neoplasms), and autosomal dominant inheritance. A genetic locus has been identified for CC on chromosome 2 (2p16), and the genes for PJS, CD, and BZS were recently identified; genetic heterogeneity appears likely in both CC and PJS. The genes for PJS and CD/BZS, STK11/LKB1 and PTEN, respectively, may act as tumor suppressors, because loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the PJS and CD/BZS loci has been demonstrated in tumors excised from patients with these disorders. We studied 2 families with CC in whom the disease could not be shown to segregate with polymorphic markers from the 2p16 locus. Their members presented with lesions frequently seen in PJS and the other lentiginosis syndromes. We also tested 16 tumors and cell lines established from patients with CC for LOH involving the PJS and CD/BZS loci. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, tumor cell lines, and tissues and subjected to PCR amplification with primers from microsatellite sequences flanking the STK11/LKB1 and PTEN genes on 19p13 and 10q23, respectively, and a putative PJS locus on 19q13. All loci were excluded as candidates in both families with LOD scores less than −2 and/or by haplotype analysis. LOH for these loci was not present in any of the tumors that were histologically identical to those seen in PJS. The overall rate of LOH for the PJS and CD/BZS loci in tumors from patients with CC was less than 10%. We conclude that despite substantial clinical overlap among CC, PJS, CD, and BZS, LOH for the STK11 and PTEN loci is an infrequent event in CC-related tumors. Linkage analysis excluded the PJS and CD/BZS loci on chromosomes 19 (19p13 and 19q13) and 10 (10q23) from harboring the gene defect(s) responsible for the phenotype in these 2 families.
Electrical crosstalk in p-i-n arrays - Part I: Theory (1986)

The electrical crosstalk between elements in a monolithic array of long wavelength p-i-n photodiodes is analyzed theoretically. It is shown that the parisitic capacitances in the external package are the dominant effects contributing to crosstalk, whereas resistive coupling leads to a negligible crosstalk. A general theory is derived to determine the effects of the capacitive coupling between channels on digital optical receiver sensitivity. The case of a raised cosine output waveform and an FET transimpedance amplifier is then considered to illustrate the tradeoff between crosstalk and receiver sensitivity. It is shown that the tradeoff may be optimized by varying the feedback resistance in a transimpedance amplifier.
<title>Systems Applications Of Holography</title> (1968)

In this paper we are concerned with the application of holographic techniques to optical systems, and in particular to the problem of imagery from a distance. There are of course many cases of practical interest in which an object is located at some distance from the observer, and for one reason or another the observer is unable to closely approach that object for a detailed inspection. One possible recourse is the use of a suitable optical system to form a high-resolution image of the object from a distance.
RESILIENCIA Y CAMBIOS DEL SISTEMA PRODUCTIVO EN LA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE LA NUEVA RURALIDAD EUROPEA: el caso del queso de oveja en la Sierra de Cádiz (España) (2015)

El presente artículo analiza las estrategias surgidas dentro de los sistemas productivos de la agricultura familiar como respuesta a desequilibrios generados por cambios normativos formales. La metodología de la investigación se ha basado en la etnografía, siguiendo las técnicas de entrevistas y observación participante características del trabajo de campo en antropología social. Esta estrategia, fundamentalmente cualitativa, nos permitió analizar las consecuencias de las transiciones de productos propios de economías domésticas y sistemas agrarios tradicionales, a la economía de la calidad que caracteriza a la Nueva Ruralidad europea que ha tenido un especial desarrollo en España por la fuerte implementación de las Iniciativas Europeas LEADER I, II y + desde 1991. Para ello, y partiendo de una perspectiva compleja y sistémica, estudiamos distintos sistemas productivos de las familias productoras de queso de la Sierra de Cádiz, esta perspectiva permite analizar las transformaciones que dieron lugar a la generación de dos modelos diferentes pero complementarios: el artesanal y el industrial. Nuestro trabajo demuestra la resiliencia de las economías familiares de productores queseros tradicionales, que siguen conviviendo con nuevos productores industriales dentro del competitivo mercado de los productos agroalimentarios de calidad. La persistencia de unos y la aparición de otros, demuestra la capacidad de adaptación de las economías rurales a los nuevos retos de la globalización y la complejidad de la Nueva Ruralidad.
are faced with ever increasing volumes of data to analyze. The authors present VisTrails, an open source provenance-management system that provides infrastructure for data exploration and visualization. (2007)

The demand for the construction of complex visualizations is growing in many disciplines of science, as users are faced with ever increasing volumes of data to analyze. The authors present VisTrails, an open source provenance-management system that provides infrastructure for data exploration and visualization.
Oriented Pearl-Necklace Arrays of Metallic Nanoparticles in Polymers: A New Route Toward Polarization-Dependent Color Filters (1999)

Communication: The brightness and efficiency of liquid crystal displayscan be improved by replacing the second polarizer and color filter with a single oriented polyethylene film containing monodisperse silver nanoparticles, as revealed in the Figure. The preparation of the films, which exhibit bright colors and appear yellow or red (see cover), depending on the polarization direction of the incident light, is described.
<title>Detection of singlet oxygen yield from new photosensitizers using luminol</title> (1994)

For the application of photodynamic therapy and diagnosis many different photosensitizers have been developed. It is important to compare these photosensitizers for their activity. It is generally accepted that the most important mechanism of cell killing is via the production of singlet oxygen. We therefore performed basic studies to detect singlet oxygen using a luminol reaction. The relative singlet oxygen yields from 4 photosensitizers (Photofrin, ATX-S10, mTHPC and NPe6) were measured by the detection of luminol chemiluminescence at 445 nm wavelength in Menzel's buffer solution at pH 10.5. NPe6, ATX-S10 and mTHPC all showed singlet oxygen productive abilities. These photosensitizers are new promising photosensitizers. These results show a possibility of comparison of each photosensitizer.
Graph-Aware Language Model Pre-Training on a Large Graph Corpus Can Help Multiple Graph Applications (2023)

Model pre-training on large text corpora has been demonstrated effective for various downstream applications in the NLP domain. In the graph mining domain, a similar analogy can be drawn for pre-training graph models on large graphs in the hope of benefiting downstream graph applications, which has also been explored by several recent studies. However, no existing study has ever investigated the pre-training of text plus graph models on large heterogeneous graphs with abundant textual information (a.k.a. large graph corpora) and then fine-tuning the model on different related downstream applications with different graph schemas. To address this problem, we propose a framework of graph-aware language model pre-training (GALM) on a large graph corpus, which incorporates large language models and graph neural networks, and a variety of fine-tuning methods on downstream applications. We conduct extensive experiments on Amazon's real internal datasets and large public datasets. Comprehensive empirical results and in-depth analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods along with lessons learned.
Towards Spatial Mapping of Atomic Vibration Amplitudes in Thermoelectric Materials: Quantitative Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (QCBED) Study of BiCuOQ (Q = S, Se, Te) (2022)

Journal Article Towards Spatial Mapping of Atomic Vibration Amplitudes in Thermoelectric Materials: Quantitative Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (QCBED) Study of BiCuOQ (Q = S, Se, Te) Get access Yukun Liu, Yukun Liu Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Chi Zhang, Chi Zhang Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kenneth Poeppelmeier, Kenneth Poeppelmeier Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Roberto dos Reis, Roberto dos Reis Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vinayak Dravid Vinayak Dravid Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States Corresponding author: v-dravid@northwestern.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 446–448, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622002483 Published: 01 August 2022
Trap‐Assisted Charge Generation and Recombination in State‐of‐the‐Art Organic Photodetectors (2023)

Abstract The performance of organic photodetectors is steadily improving, and the specific detectivity, as a key figure of merit, has reached values of 10 12 –10 13 Jones, i.e., comparable to that of silicon diodes but still considerably lower than the intrinsic limit. As with other semiconductor devices, the electrical performance of state‐of‐the art organic photodiodes (OPDs) is presently determined to a high degree by the presence of chemical impurities or structural defects which create carrier trapping states within the bandgap of organic active layer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and timely account of trap‐assisted charge generation and recombination in OPDs, with emphasis on the impact of these phenomena on photodetector performance parameters such as, noise and dark current density, responsivity, response speed, and ultimately, specific detectivity.
Aminobenzodione-based polymers with low bandgaps and solvatochromic behavior (2014)

Pd-catalyzed amination polymerization of deep blue aminobenzodifuranone monomer 3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-7-(4-octylaminophenyl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]-difuran-2,6-dione (M1) is described, as well as polymerization of symmetric dibromophenyl-benzodifuranone (M2), or the corresponding dibromophenylbenzodipyrrolidone (M3) with N,N′-dialkylated phenylenediamines (M4a,b). The resulting polymers P1–3 exhibit low bandgaps (1.08–1.47 eV), broad UV/vis absorption bands (400–900 nm), and a large solvatochromic shift up to 3140 cm−1 from n-hexane to hexamethylphosphoramide. Multiple linear regression analyses of max of the solvent-dependent solvatochromic UV/vis absorption bands of M1, P1 and P2a are presented, from which Kamlet–Taft and Catalán solvent parameters were determined. All monomers and polymers exhibit high extinction coefficients up to 8.6 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 and high photostability, and might be suitable for electronic applications.
Constructing a Highly Interactive Vehicle Motion Dataset (2019)

Research in the areas related to driving behavior, e.g., behavior modeling and prediction, requires datasets with highly interactive vehicle motions. Existing public vehicle motion datasets emphasize increasing the number of vehicles and time duration, but behavior-related researchers are suffering from two factors. First, strong interactions among vehicles are not well addressed and datasets are of relatively low-density to observe meaningful interactions. Second, most of the existing datasets are missing the map information with reference paths which is essential for driving-behavior-related research. To address this issue, a dataset with highly interactive vehicle motions is constructed in this paper. A variety of challenging driving scenarios such as unsignalized intersections and roundabouts are included. Reference paths are also constructed from motion data along with high-definition maps so that key features can be generated for both prediction and planning algorithms. Moreover, we propose a set of metrics to extract the interactive motions in different maps, including the minimum difference of time to collision point (MDTTC) and duration of waiting period. Such metrics are used to quantity the interaction density of the dataset. We also give several representative results on prediction and motion generation utilizing the constructed dataset to demonstrate how the dataset can facilitate research in the area of driving behavior.
Predictive Modeling of Quasi-Static Electromagnetic Interference Effects on Electro-Optic Modulators (2023)

Electro-optic modulators (EOMs) are an interface between electrical and optical components, making them susceptible to external electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this article, we investigate the effects of low-frequency (<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sim }$</tex-math></inline-formula>15 MHz) EMI on lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub>) EOMs. A predictive model for low-frequency EMI injection into a commercially available EOM is developed and validated experimentally. Specifically, analytical expressions for eye height and Q-factor are derived that predict the changes in the receiver end eye diagram, when the EOM modulation process is interrupted by the RF injection. The eye diagram gradually closes down as the RF injection power increases, owing to the signal degradation in the receiver end. A simple expression for calculating the maximum peak RF injected voltage that the EOM can tolerate prior to the system experiencing significant bit error rate is also presented. This model can be utilized to assess the survivability of EOMs under EMI.
The Neo-Primitivist Turn (2006)

Providing close readings of the ways in which the premodern or primitive is strategically deployed in contemporary critical writings, Li's interdisciplinary study is a timely and forceful intervention into current debates on the politics and ethics of otherness, the problems of cultural relativism, and the vicissitudes of modernity.
Photosynthetic Characteristics in Mulberry during Water Stress and Rewatering (1998)

Three-month-old plants of mulberry (Morus alba L. cv. Kanva-2) were subjected to a drought stress by withholding water supply. As the leaf water potential (ΨW) was dropping progressively with the severity of treatment and increasing stress duration, the values of leaf area, dry mass accumulation, total chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E) were declined. The photosystem 2 (PS2) photochemical efficiency significantly decreased only at a severe stress treatment. The intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) remained unaltered during a mild stress, yet it increased under moderate and severe stresses. The Ci/gs ratio reflected the mesophyll efficiency during water stress. Rewatering of the plants led to an almost complete recovery of PN, E, and gs, indicating that a short-term stress brings about reversible effects only.
The Role of Androgens and Estrogens on Healthy Aging and Longevity (2012)

Aging is associated with a loss of sex hormone in both men (andropause) and women (menopause). In men, reductions in testosterone can trigger declines in muscle mass, bone mass, and in physical function. In women, the impact of the loss of sex hormones, such as estradiol, on bone is well elucidated, but evidence is limited on whether the loss of estradiol negatively affects muscle mass and physical function. However, deficiencies in multiple anabolic hormones have been shown to predict health status and longevity in older persons. Thus, consideration should be given as to whether targeted hormone replacement therapies may prove effective at treating clinical conditions, such as age-related sarcopenia, cancer cachexia, and/or acute or chronic illnesses. If initiated carefully in the appropriate clinical population, hormone replacement therapies in men and women may prevent and reverse muscle and bone loss and functional declines and perhaps promote healthy aging and longevity.
Formulation of Didanosine Prodrugs into PEGylated Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles and Uptake by Brain Endothelial Cells (2009)

PEGylated biodegradable nanoparticles based on poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) polymers have been investigated to encapsulate didanosine prodrugs as an approach to treat HIV-1 associated dementia. To achieve this goal, an amphiphilic poly[(poly(ethylene glycol) cyanoacrylate)-co-(hexadecyl cyanoacrylate)] (PEGCA-PHDCA) copolymer has been synthesized and two different didanosine prodrugs have been used; the dipalmitoyl glycerol didanosine (ProddINP) and the dipalmitoyl glycerol phosphate didanosine (ProddIP), only differ by the presence or not of a phosphate group in their chemical structure. By means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the capacity of PEGCA-PHDCA copolymer to incorporate ProddINP and ProddIP prodrugs was investigated. PEGCA-PHDCA nanoparticles were then prepared via an optimised solvent emulsion/evaporation technique using the incorporation ratios determined by DSC. Finally, confocal laser scanning microscopy experiments have shown these prodrugs-loaded nanoparticles were uptaken by rat immortalised brain endothelial cells (SV-ARBEC). These first results appeared promising for further in vitro and in vivo evaluation of these nanoparticles.
A 10Mbit, 15GBytes/sec bandwidth 1T DRAM chip with planar MOS storage capacitor in an unmodified 150nm logic process for high-density on-chip memory applications (2005)

A 10Mb planar 1T-IC DRAM chip is implemented in an unmodified 150nm micro-processor logic process. It achieves 15GBytes/sec bandwidth, 9.5nsec read access time with 197mW power at 1.5V, 110/spl deg/C. Worst-case refresh period is 100/spl mu/S at 110/spl deg/C with refresh power density of 0.18W/cm/sup 2/. Effective bit density of 42Mb/cm/sup 2/ is /spl sim/3/spl times/ better than the best 6T SRAM cache in the same technology.
Webinar | Deciphering cancer: Understanding tumor invasion and the metastatic microenvironment (2017)

Tumor metastasis is a multistep process that includes stimulation of angiogenesis, intravasation of tumor cells into blood or lymphatic vessels, and subsequent engraftment and extravasation to peripheral tissues where secondary tumors are seeded. It is known that metastatic progression is driven by mutational and epigenetic changes in tumor cells, but more recent efforts have focused on the evolving interplay between the tumor cell and the tumor microenvironment (TME) during invasion and transition from micrometastasis to macrometastasis. Whether the tumor cell or the subverted vascular niche/premetastatic niche is the driver of TME evolution remains the subject of debate. This webinar examines the role of tumor-secreted factors, including exosomes and tumor vascular niche—derived protumorigenic factors in tumor—environment interactions, and their implications for development of therapeutic interventions to arrest metastasis.
Lasing operation of ZnTe based yellow-green laser diodes (2005)

Current injection lasing operation of ZnTe based yellow-green light semiconductor laser diodes (LDs) with ZnCdTe active layer and MgZnSeTe cladding layers have been achieved, for the first time. The lasing characteristics were evaluated with a single pulse current injection mode at low temperature. The lowest threshold current density of the LD was 2.7 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 100 K. The maximum lasing temperature was 175 K and the observed lasing wavelength ranged from 564 to 576 nm
Anion⋅⋅⋅Anion Coinage Bonds: The Case of Tetrachloridoaurate (2021)

Interactions in crystalline tetrachloridoaurates of acetylcholine and dimethylpropiothetine are characterized by Au⋅⋅⋅Cl and Au⋅⋅⋅O short contacts. The former interactions assemble the AuCl<sub>4</sub> <sup>-</sup> units into supramolecular anionic polymers, while the latter interactions append the acetylcholine and propiothetine units to the polymer. The distorted octahedral geometry of the bonding pattern around the gold center is rationalized on the basis of the anisotropic distribution of the electron density, which enables gold to behave as an electrophile (π-hole coinage-bond donor). Computational studies prove that gold atoms in negatively charged species can function as acceptors of electron density. The attractive nature of the Au⋅⋅⋅Cl/O interactions described here complement the known aurophilic bonds involved in gold-centered interactions.