gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Megahertz-frequency isolated resonant dc-dc converter using impedance control network for high-efficiency wide-range operation (2015)

This paper introduces a new isolated resonant dc-dc converter topology based on the recently proposed impedance control network (ICN) converter architecture. This new converter maintains very high efficiency by achieving zero voltage switching (ZVS) and near zero current switching (ZCS) across a very wide operating range. Additional performance enhancement is achieved through a new design methodology that minimizes switching and conduction losses. This ICN converter implementation incorporates full-bridge synchronous rectification and is well-suited for low output voltage and high output current applications. A prototype 550 W, 1 MHz ICN converter designed to operate over an input voltage range of 36 V to 60 V, an output voltage range of 34 V to 55 V, and a 10:1 output power range is built and tested. The prototyped ICN converter achieves a peak efficiency of 97.6%, maintains full power efficiency greater than 96.5% at 34 V output voltage across the nearly 2:1 input voltage range, and maintains full power efficiency above 95.3% across its full input and output voltage range. It also maintains efficiency above 93.6% over a 10:1 output power range across its full input and output voltage range owing to the use of burst-mode control.
Characterizing the Bulk & Flow Behaviour of LS Polymer Powders (2013)

The properties of laser sintering (LS) powders affect processability and the quality of parts manufactured. This study compared three different methods used to quantify both the static and dynamic powder properties – a Revolution Powder Analyzer, FT-4 Powder Rheometer and Hausner Ratio. The aim of the work was to identify the most reliable method to characterize powder properties in correlation to the dynamic conditions that occur during LS. The experiments focused on different particle size distributions of a cryogenically ground polyurethane powder compared to a standard polyamide 12 LS material, PA2200. The results have led to a deeper understanding regarding powder interactions and therefore serve as input for material design and quality assurance.
Minimizing interconnection delays in array-based FPGAs (2002)

This paper provides research results that suggest ways in which the speed-performance of array-based FPGAs, like those from Xilinx, can be improved through enhancing their interconnect. Using an experimental approach, we study this issue from both the perspective of improving the routing architectures of the chips, as well as the CAD tools used to route circuits. The basic conclusions reached are: the lengths of wire segments in the interconnect dramatically affects speed-performance, it is crucial to limit the number of programmable switches that signals pass through in series, the impact of decisions made by the CAD routing tools is very significant, and the CAD tools should consider both speed-performance and area utilization, not just focus on one goal.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>On-board hyperspectral compression and analysis system for the NEMO satellite</title> (1998)

The primary mission of the Naval EarthMap Observer (NEMO) is to demonstrate the importance of hyperspectral imagery in characterizing the littoral battlespace environment and littoral model development. NEMO will demonstrate real time on-board processing and compression of hyperspectral data with real-time tactical downlink of ocean and surveillance products directly from the spacecraft to the field. The NRL's Optical Real-time Adaptive Spectral Identification System (ORASIS) will be deployed on a 3.8 Gflop multiprocessing computer, the Imagery On-Board Processor (IOBP), for automated data analysis, feature extraction and compression. NEMO's wide area coverage (10<SUP>6</SUP> km<SUP>2</SUP> imaged per day), as well as power and cost constraints require data compression between 10:1 and 20:1. The NEMO Sensor Imaging Payload (SIP) consists of two primary sensors: first, the Coastal Ocean Imaging Spectrograph (COIS) is a hyperspectral imager which records 60 spectral bands in the VNIR (400 to 1000 nm) and 150 bands in the SWIR (1000 to 2500 nm), with a GSD of either 30 or 60 meters; and second, the 5 m GSD Panchromatic Imaging Camera (PIC). This paper describes the design and implementation of the data processing hardware and software for the NEMO satellite.
Subtle Recognition of 14-Base Pair DNA Sequences via Threading Polyintercalation (2012)

Small molecules that bind DNA in a sequence-specific manner could act as antibiotic, antiviral, or anticancer agents because of their potential ability to manipulate gene expression. Our laboratory has developed threading polyintercalators based on 1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide (NDI) units connected in a head-to-tail fashion by flexible peptide linkers. Previously, a threading tetraintercalator composed of alternating minor-major-minor groove-binding modules was shown to bind specifically to a 14 bp DNA sequence with a dissociation half-life of 16 days [Holman, G. G., et al. (2011) Nat. Chem. 3, 875-881]. Herein are described new NDI-based tetraintercalators with a different major groove-binding module and a reversed N to C directionality of one of the minor groove-binding modules. DNase I footprinting and kinetic analyses revealed that these new tetraintercalators are able to discriminate, by as much as 30-fold, 14 bp DNA binding sites that differ by 1 or 2 bp. Relative affinities were found to correlate strongly with dissociation rates, while overall C(2) symmetry in the DNA-binding molecule appeared to contribute to enhanced association rates.
PressureVision: Estimating Hand Pressure from a Single RGB Image (2022)

People often interact with their surroundings by applying pressure with their hands. While hand pressure can be measured by placing pressure sensors between the hand and the environment, doing so can alter contact mechanics, interfere with human tactile perception, require costly sensors, and scale poorly to large environments. We explore the possibility of using a conventional RGB camera to infer hand pressure, enabling machine perception of hand pressure from uninstrumented hands and surfaces. The central insight is that the application of pressure by a hand results in informative appearance changes. Hands share biomechanical properties that result in similar observable phenomena, such as soft-tissue deformation, blood distribution, hand pose, and cast shadows. We collected videos of 36 participants with diverse skin tone applying pressure to an instrumented planar surface. We then trained a deep model (PressureVisionNet) to infer a pressure image from a single RGB image. Our model infers pressure for participants outside of the training data and outperforms baselines. We also show that the output of our model depends on the appearance of the hand and cast shadows near contact regions. Overall, our results suggest the appearance of a previously unobserved human hand can be used to accurately infer applied pressure. Data, code, and models are available online.
Soft Computing Techniques and Their Applications in Intel-ligent Industrial Control Systems: A Survey (2021)

Soft computing involves a series of methods that are compatible with imprecise information and complex human cognition. In the face of industrial control problems, soft computing techniques show strong intelligence, robustness and cost-effectiveness. This study dedicates to providing a survey on soft computing techniques and their applications in industrial control systems. The methodologies of soft computing are mainly classified in terms of fuzzy logic, neural computing, and genetic algorithms. The challenges surrounding modern industrial control systems are summarized based on the difficulties in information acquisition, the difficulties in modeling control rules, the difficulties in control system optimization, and the requirements for robustness. Then, this study reviews soft-computing-related achievements that have been developed to tackle these challenges. Afterwards, we present a retrospect of practical industrial control applications in the fields including transportation, intelligent machines, process industry as well as energy engineering. Finally, future research directions are discussed from different perspectives. This study demonstrates that soft computing methods can endow industry control processes with many merits, thus having great application potential. It is hoped that this survey can serve as a reference and provide convenience for scholars and practitioners in the fields of industrial control and computer science.
Photon Correlations in Waveguide Lattices (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Yaron Bromberg, Yoav Lahini, Roberto Morandotti, and Yaron Silberberg, "Photon Correlations in Waveguide Lattices," Optics & Photonics News 20(12), 22-22 (2009) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Directional Modulation Via Symbol-Level Precoding: A Way to Enhance Security (2016)

Wireless communication provides a wide coverage at the cost of exposing information to unintended users. As an information-theoretic paradigm, secrecy rate derives bounds for secure transmission when the channel to the eavesdropper is known. However, such bounds are shown to be restrictive in practice and may require exploitation of specialized coding schemes. In this paper, we employ the concept of directional modulation and follow a signal processing approach to enhance the security of multiuser multi-input multioutput (MIMO) communication systems when a multiantenna eavesdropper is present. Security enhancement is accomplished by increasing the symbol error rate at the eavesdropper. Unlike the information-theoretic secrecy rate paradigm, we assume that the legitimate transmitter is not aware of its channel to the eavesdropper, which is a more realistic assumption. We examine the applicability of MIMO receiving algorithms at the eavesdropper. Using the channel knowledge and the intended symbols for the users, we design security enhancing symbol-level precoders for different transmitter and eavesdropper antenna configurations. We transform each design problem to a linearly constrained quadratic program and propose two solutions, namely the iterative algorithm and one based on nonnegative least squares, at each scenario for a computationally efficient modulation. Simulation results verify the analysis and show that the designed precoders outperform the benchmark scheme in terms of both power efficiency and security enhancement.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of nanosized MoSe2 (2003)

A microwave-assisted reaction between Mo(CO)6 and Se has yielded MoSe2 nanoparticles. Nanorods of MoSe2 of lengths ranging from 45 to 55 nanometers are identified in the product mixture. The prepared MoSe2 has been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction measurements, FTIR spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM).
A new ALD-TiN/CoSi/sub 2/ contact plug process for reliable and low defect density bit-line integration in sub-quarter micron giga-bit DRAM (2003)

This paper reports a new ALD-TiN/CoSi/sub 2/ contact plug process for giga-bit scale DRAM bit-line contacts. Using this technology, we obtained a low contact resistance of 315/spl Omega//cnt for BL/N+ and 1518/spl Omega//cnt for BL/P+ in 0.16 /spl mu/m contacts, as well as a crack-free integration scheme and low level of defect density.
Non-Debye dielectric relaxation in binary dielectric mixtures (50-50): Randomness and regularity in mixture topology (2002)

In this article, the frequency dependent dielectric properties ε(ω) of ordered and disordered two-dimensional binary composite structures were investigated and compared. The ordered structures were composed of hard disk inclusions in a matrix phase, and the inclusions were distributed on lattice sites. The disordered structures were, on the other hand, composed of 16 × 16 square networks (crossword puzzle-like structures), and the phases were assigned randomly to each square. The material parameters of the phases were assumed to be frequency independent (ε and σ being constant). Numerical calculations were performed using the finite element method in the frequency domain. We have found that the dielectric relaxation character of the structures, which were due to the interfacial (or Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars) polarization, changed drastically depending on the conductivity ratio of the phases and topology of the structures. Application of a recently developed dielectric data analysis method have resulted additional information about the dielectric relaxations in the considered structures. The regular lattice structures with a less conductive matrix phase than the inclusions’ (match composite), σ1&amp;lt;σ2, show a symmetric distribution of relaxation times, narrower than those with σ1&amp;gt;σ2 (reciprocal composite) when ε1 in both cases were lower than ε2. The generated random structures have, on the other hand, resulted in symmetrical relaxations (of Cole–Cole type) for match composites and asymmetrical relaxations of Davidson–Cole type for reciprocal composites in two dimensions. Therefore, depending on the ratio of the conductivities and permittivities of the phases, the interfacial polarization can be interpreted differently. The obtained relaxation time distributions have revealed that the relaxations were broad, and unlike the responses of the empirical formulas, there existed one maximum and one minimum, or two cutoff, time constants for the dielectric relaxation in dielectric mixtures. Comparison of the data to the Wiener and Hashin–Shtrikman bounds has indicated that the latter one was not valid for the triangular lattice and random structures. Finally, our simulations have also yielded similar dielectric responses as an analytical formula proposed for brine-saturated rock mixtures when σ1&amp;lt;σ2, when the constituent with the lowest ε is also the least conductive, match composite.
Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s from Waste Biomass: A Combined Chemical–Biological Approach (2016)

Abstract The synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) utilizing methane and alkenoates derived from recycled PHAs is reported. Medium‐chain length (C 6 – C 9 ) and short‐chain length (C 4 – C 5 ) polyhydroxyalkanoates were catalytically pyrolyzed to generate a range of 2‐alkenoates. The microbial copolymerization of the recovered alkenoates with methane in the presence of methanotrophic bacteria generated poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) homopolymers from even‐numbered alkenoates and, significantly, poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) copolymers with tunable compositions from odd‐numbered alkenoates.
Near infrared organic light-emitting devices based on donor-acceptor-donor oligomers (2008)

We report strong and efficient near infrared emission from organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) based on two donor-acceptor-donor oligomers. These oligomers have fluorescent quantum yields of up to 20% and their energy gap can be tuned by changing the strengths of the donor and acceptor components. Electroluminescence with peak emission wavelengths of 692 and 815 nm were observed from the two oligomers studied here. External quantum efficiencies up to 1.6% and electrical-to-optical power efficiencies up to 7.0 mW/W were achieved in OLEDs based on these near-infrared emitters.
Endometrial receptivity defects during IVF cycles with and without letrozole (2012)

Lack of endometrial ανβ3 integrin expression is associated with a poor prognosis for IVF that might be improved with letrozole co-treatment. Prospective studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings but the data suggest that aromatase expression may contribute to implantation failure in some women.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of 6,9‐Difluorobenzo(g)quinoline‐5,10‐dione. Displacements of the Fluorides by Diamines Which Lead to 6,9‐Bis(( aminoalkyl)amino)benzo(g)quinoline‐5,10‐diones. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Review of the Role of Solvents in Formation of High-Quality Solution-Processed Perovskite Films (2019)

Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted great attention because of their outstanding photovoltaic performance and ease of fabrication. High-quality perovskite films hold a key in getting highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Solution-processed fabrication technique is the most widely adopted for preparing perovskite films because of its low cost. In the solution-proceed perovskite films, solvents not only play the role of dissolving the solute but also participate in the crystallization of perovskite. In the one-step method, solvents play key roles in controlling morphology, widening process window, and achieving room-temperature crystallization of perovskite films. In addition, the solvents play important roles in controlling the nuclei/growth, suppressing volume expansion during the two-step method. Especially, the solvent can induce grain coarsening during the annealing process. A deep understanding of the multiplicity of roles during the formation of perovskite films will help understand the formation mechanism of perovskite films. Here, a systematic review on the progress in fabrication of high-quality perovskite films by making use of solvent to control the crystallization is presented. Meanwhile, we elucidate the key roles of solvent in the fabrication of high-quality perovskite films.
Environmental drivers of genetic adaptation in Florida corals (2022)

Thermally induced coral bleaching is a major cause of reef decline, though it could be offset by coral adaptation. Here we used three complementary approaches to identify which environmental gradients drive local adaptation in two common Florida corals, Porites astreoides and Agaricia agaricites. Depth is the most important factor for both species: each contains three genetically distinct lineages segregated by depth. Additionally, each lineage harbors genetic variation aligning with other environmental gradients, though elevated temperature is typically not one of them. In A. agaricites, nitrogen variation predicts genetic divergence in the deep and mid-depth lineages, while cold temperature is the most important driver within the shallow lineage. Nitrogen and cold are also associated with genetic variation in P. astreoides, and high temperature was highlighted only once in the deep lineage of P. astreoides. In both species, lineages don’t share environment-associated groups of SNPs, indicating that lineages adapt independently. Overall, the locally available genetic variation in our two corals species seems unlikely to provide thermally adaptive genetic variants for future warming. Our results map the environmental gradients that create the strongest genetic barriers for corals, which could serve as a guide for reef restoration.
New Cadinane Sesquiterpenes from the Stems of Kadsura heteroclita (2019)

As part of our continual efforts to exploit 'Tujia Ethnomedicine' for their pharmacophoric functionalities, we herein investigated <i>Kadsura heteroclita</i> collected from a deep Wulin mountain area in northern Hunan province. The current study resulted in the isolation of three new sesquiterpenes: 6α,9α,15-trihydroxycadinan-4-en-3-one (<b>1</b>), (+)-3,11,12-trihydroxycalamenene (<b>2</b>), (-)-3,10,11,12-tetrahydroxy-calamenene (<b>3</b>), along with four known sesquiterpenes (<b>4</b>-<b>7</b>), and a cytochalasin H (<b>8</b>). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, and HRESI-MS, CD spectrometry. The antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the compounds were evaluated. Compound <b>8</b> exhibited a strong antioxidant effect with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 3.67 µM on isolated human polymorphonuclear cells or neutrophils.
Imaging the life story of nanotube devices (2005)

Live imaging of operating multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-) based electronic devices is performed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Our measurements allow us to correlate electronic transport with changes in device structure. Surface contamination, contact annealing, and sequential wall removal are observed. Temperature profiles confirm diffusive conduction in MWCNTs in the high bias limit. This technique provides a general platform for studying nanoscale systems, where geometric configuration and electronic transport are intimately connected.
Multifunctional sensor system for high-throughput primary, secondary, and tertiary screening of combinatorial materials (2004)

A modular multifunctional acoustic wave thickness shear mode sensor system has been designed and implemented for the rapid characterization of materials. The sensors are arranged as a 6×4 array and are compatible with available 24-well plates for manipulation with standard robotic equipment. The sensor system has two types of sensor enclosures including a gas-flowthough cell for studies of vapor-sorption properties and weathering of materials and a platform for immersion of sensors into 24-well plate arrays for studies of materials solubility. In addition, the sensor array design can be operated remotely from the rest of electronic components to decouple the environment of sensor array exposure (e.g., high temperature, pressure, chemicals). This sensor system has been used to screen sensor materials to emphasize (1) the magnitude of sensor response to the parameter of interest; (2) sensor specificity against environmental interferences; and (3) long-term stability. This work for the first time addresses all three aspects in sensor material development with a dedicated three-level high-throughput screening approach. The primary screen is the discovery screen where materials are exposed to a single analyte concentration. The secondary screen is the focused evaluation where the best subset of these materials is exposed to analytes and interference. The tertiary screen involves evaluation of material performance under conditions that mimic the long-term application. This approach can efficiently screen sensor materials not only for immediate performance but also for long-term stability thus providing significant saving of time in sensor development.
Efficient Routing in Heterogeneous Core DWDM Networks (2010)

We design a cost efficient routing algorithm and prototype a network planning tool to cost-effectively provision high-speed connections over a large carrier’s heterogeneous core DWDM network with multi-vendor sub-networks.
Trauma Exposures, Resilience Factors, and Mental Health Outcomes in Persons Granted Asylum in the U.S. for Claims Related to Domestic Violence and Persecution by Organized Gangs (2021)

Survivors of domestic violence (DV) and of violence perpetrated by organized gangs (GV) face barriers to legal protection under U.S. asylum law. We abstracted data from 132 affidavits based on forensic medical evaluations of asylum seekers granted legal protection in the U.S. on the basis of DV and/or GV. We described claimants' trauma exposures and resilience factors and used multiple logistic regression to quantify associations with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) diagnoses and improvement in mental health. People seeking asylum based on DV and/or GV have endured multiple types of trauma with significant impacts on their mental health. New experiences of trauma following migration to the U.S. were common and associated with DSM-5 diagnoses. Conversely, resilience factors were associated with improved mental health. Policies that aim to reduce ongoing trauma in the U.S. and to bolster resilience factors may promote asylee mental health and well-being.