gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solubility and diffusional uptake of hydrogen in quartz at high water pressures: Implications for hydrolytic weakening (1986)

Attempts to introduce molecular water into dry, natural quartz crystals by diffusive transport and thus weaken them hydrolytically at T = 700°–900°C and P H 2 O = 400–1550 MPa have failed. Infrared spectroscopy of hydrothermally annealed single crystals of natural quartz reveals the diffusive uptake of interstitial hydrogen (resulting in hydroxyl groups) at rates similar to those previously proposed for intracrystalline water at high water pressures. The solubility of interstitial hydrogen at these conditions is independent of temperature and pressure; instead, it depends upon the initial aluminum concentration by the local charge neutrality condition [H i ·] = [Al Si ′]. The rate of interstitial hydrogen diffusion parallel to c is given by an Arrhenius relation with D 0 = 1.4 × 10 −1 m 2 /s and Q = 200 ± 20 kJ/mol, in close agreement with H diffusivities reported for much lower pressures ( P H 2 O = 2.5 MPa). Deformation experiments following hydrothermal annealing show no mechanical weakening, and the lack of any detectable broadband absorption associated with molecular water shows that the diffusion rates of structural water are much lower than those of hydrogen. These results are consistent with the available oxygen diffusion data for quartz and with the failure to observe weakening in previous studies of quartz deformation at pressures of 300–500 MPa; they call into question the rapid rates of diffusion originally suggested for the hydrolytic weakening defect. It is suggested that the observed weakening in many previous experiments was complicated by microcracking processes in response to nonhydrostatic stresses and low effective confining pressures. Extensive microcracking may provide a mechanism for molecular water to enter quartz and allow local plastic deformation to occur. It does not appear that molecular water can diffuse far enough into uncracked quartz to allow hydrolytic weakening over annealing times that are feasible in the laboratory.
Stereoselective Synthesis of the Indolizinoindole Ring System. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hepatocyte growth factor is upregulated in ischemic retina and contributes to retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization (2020)

In patients with macular edema due to ischemic retinopathy, aqueous levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) correlate with edema severity. We tested whether HGF expression and activity in mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy supports a role in macular edema. In ischemic retina, HGF was increased in endogenous cells and macrophages associated with retinal neovascularization (NV). HGF activator was increased in and around retinal vessels potentially providing vascular targeting. One day after intravitreous injection of HGF, VE-cadherin was reduced and albumin levels in retina and vitreous were significantly increased indicating vascular leakage. Injection of VEGF caused higher levels of vitreous albumin than HGF, and co-injection of both growth factors caused significantly higher levels than either alone. HGF increased the number of macrophages on the retinal surface, which was blocked by anti-c-Met and abrogated in chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)<sup>-/-</sup> mice. Injection of anti-c-Met significantly decreased leakage within 24 hours and after 5 days it reduced retinal NV in mice with ischemic retinopathy, but had no effect on choroidal NV. These data indicate that HGF is a pro-permeability, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic factor and along with its activator is increased in ischemic retina providing support for a potential role of HGF in macular edema in ischemic retinopathies.
Preliminary X-ray analysis of twinned crystals of the Q88Y25_Lacpl esterase fromLactobacillus plantarumWCFS1 (2011)

Q88Y25_Lacpl is an esterase produced by the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 that shows amino-acid sequence similarity to carboxylesterases from the hormone-sensitive lipase family, in particular the AFEST esterase from the archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus and the hyperthermophilic esterase EstEI isolated from a metagenomic library. N-terminally His(6)-tagged Q88Y25_Lacpl has been overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells, purified and crystallized at 291 K using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the purity and homogeneity of the enzyme. Crystals of His(6)-tagged Q88Y25_Lacpl were prepared in a solution containing 2.8 M sodium acetate trihydrate pH 7.0. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.24 Å resolution on beamline ID29 at the ESRF. The apparent crystal point group was 422; however, initial global analysis of the intensity statistics (data processed with high symmetry in space group I422) and subsequent tests on data processed with low symmetry (space group I4) showed that the crystals were almost perfectly merohedrally twinned. Most probably, the true space group is I4, with unit-cell parameters a = 169.05, b = 169.05, c = 183.62 Å.
A noninvasive method for characterizing ventricular diastolic filling dynamics (2002)

We developed a novel method for estimating a single parameter (/spl tau//sub D/) which summarizes the diastolic filling dynamics of the ventricle that governs the effects of diastolic filling time on stroke volume. The method involves the analysis of beat-to-beat fluctuations in heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and left ventricular stroke volume, each of which may be measured noninvasively in humans. In order to evaluate the method, we constructed a computational model of the human cardiovascular system. We applied the method to data generated from the computational model and found close agreement between the estimated and actual /spl tau//sub D/. We also demonstrated with computational model examples that the method could be utilized to monitor increasing degrees of cardiac tamponade and mitral stenosis, two cardiovascular disease processes which prohibit the ventricles from filling adequately. This model-based study motivates the experimental validation of the method.
Dynamic Analysis of Three-Port DC/DC Converter for Space Applications (2009)

This paper presents the control structure for a novel three-port converter topology. This topology has the advantage of low switch count, high power density, high efficiency, so it is a valuable choice for space applications. The three port converter for space application interfaces one solar panel input port, one bi-directional battery port and an isolated output port. Lithium-Ion battery charge control simulation is implemented. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is adopted to maximize the solar energy input. Two of the three ports can be simultaneously regulated. However, the two control loops have interactions with each other due to the integrated power trains of the three ports. Therefore, implementing the closed loop control requires careful analysis of their dynamic behaviors. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of the converter during different operational modes is fully characterized and studied. Small signal models are derived based on state space equations, and experimental results verify the converter control structure.
Cubic Mesophase (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Anti-infective vaccination in the 21st century—new horizons for personal and public health (2015)

The 21st century has seen the licensure of new anti-infective vaccines that have demonstrated their benefit for both individual and population (herd) protection. Despite this there are still many human pathogens for which no vaccine is available. As we learn more about these pathogens, and as technologies advance, more opportunities for vaccine development have become available. This review will address these advances and highlight the paradigm shift from vaccines that are used on a population basis, to others which will have an individual benefit, if successfully licensed, but are not expected to have widespread population based use. The development of the latter vaccines has resulted in a paradigm shift toward vaccinating individuals at specific risk for infection from bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Clostridium difficile, which are members of normal human flora but can cause severe disease under certain circumstances. Increasing levels of antibiotic resistance in such bacteria such as S. aureus have also driven the urgency for the identification of alternative methods of protection that do not rely on treatment or prophylaxis with antibiotics.
P3‐109: INVESTIGATING THE LOCAL DISTORTION OF THE FRACTAL COMPLEXITY OF THE RETINAL VASCULAR ALTERATIONS IN COGNITIVELY IMPAIRED PATIENTS (2019)

We investigated whether multifractal dimension and lacunarity analyses performed in sectoral regions of the retina may reveal local distortion in cognitive impaired (CI) patients that may be masked in the analysis considering the whole retinal branching pattern. Quantification of the retinal vasculature and function were conducted for every subject (19 healthy controls (HC) and 20 CI's patients) using advanced retinal imaging, full-field electroretinogram (ERG) and visual performance exams. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to measure CI. The skeletonized vasculature network that comprised the whole branching pattern was obtained for each image and divided into nine equal regions (superotemporal, superior, superonasal, macular, optic disc, nasal, inferotemporal, inferior, inferonasal). The multifractal behavior was analyzed by calculating the generalized dimensions (Do, D1, D2), lacunarity parameter and singularity spectrum f(α) in the regions and whole retina. Statistical analyses were performed to find associations between all parameters in both groups (p< 0.05, statistically significant). The Do, D1 and D2 values in the HC individuals were significantly greater in the optic disc region (1.59 ± 0.05, 1.57 ± 0.05, 1.56 ± 0.05) vs. CI's participants (1.52 ± 0.08, 1.50 ± 0.08, 1.49 ± 0.08); p<0.05. Similar trends were observed in the optic disc region for the f(α). The lacunarity values were greater for CI's participants (0.329 ± 0.035) than controls (0.307 ± 0.024), p = 0.026 in the optic disc region but this difference was absent in the whole retina, p = 0.45. The Do and αo values were significantly associated with MoCA scores in the macular region, r = 0.47, p = 0.039; r = 0.46, p = 0.043; respectively but these associations were absent in the whole retina. Also, significant correlations between multifractal and lacunarity parameters with the MoCA and ERG's parameters were observed in the regional analysis; a trend was not found in the whole retina analysis. The regional analysis uncovered significant differences in CI's patients vs. HCs that were masked in the whole retinal analysis. Regional multifractal and lacunarity analyses may add additional diagnostic value to the use of retinal biomarkers for early diagnosis of CI.
Identification of Opioid Ligands Possessing Mixed μ Agonist/δ Antagonist Activity among Pyridomorphinans Derived from Naloxone, Oxymorphone, and Hydropmorphone (2004)

A series of pyridomorphinans derived from naloxone, oxymorphone, and hydromorphone (7a-k) were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinity at the opioid delta, micro, and kappa receptors in brain membranes using radioligand binding assays and for functional activity in vitro using [(35)S]GTP-gamma-S binding assays in brain tissues and bioassays using guinea pig ileum (GPI) and mouse vas deferens (MVD) smooth muscle preparations. The pyridine ring unsubstituted pyridomorphinans possessing the oxymorphone and hydromorphone framework displayed nearly equal binding affinity at the micro and delta receptors. Their affinities at the kappa site were nearly 10-fold less than their binding affinities at the micro and delta sites. Introduction of aryl substituents at the 5'-position on the pyridine ring improved the binding affinity at the delta site while decreasing the binding affinity at the micro site. Nearly all of the ligands possessing an N-methyl group at the17-position with or without a hydroxyl group at the 14-position of the morphinan moiety displayed agonist activity at the micro receptor with varying potencies and efficacies. In the [(35)S]GTP-gamma-S binding assays, most of these pyridomorphinans were devoid of any significant agonist activity at the delta and kappa receptors but displayed moderate to potent antagonist activity at the delta receptors. In antinociceptive evaluations using the warm-water tail-withdrawal assay in mice, the pyridomorphinans produced analgesic effects with varying potencies and efficacies when administered by the intracerebroventricular route. Among the ligands studied, the hydromorphone-derived 4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan 7h was identified as a ligand possessing a promising profile of mixed micro agonist/delta antagonist activity in vitro and in vivo. In a repeated administration paradigm in which the standard micro agonist morphine produces significant tolerance, repeated administration of the micro agonist/delta antagonist ligand 7h produced no tolerance. These results indicate that appropriate molecular manipulations of the morphinan templates could provide ligands with mixed micro agonist/delta antagonist profiles and such ligands may have the potential of emerging as novel analgesic drugs devoid of tolerance, dependence, and related side effects.
DISPARITY MAP ESTIMATION FROM CROSS-MODAL STEREO (2018)

Mono-modal stereo matching problem has been studied for decades. The introduction of cross-modal stereo systems in industrial scene increases the interest in cross-modal stereo matching. The existing algorithms mostly consider mono-modal setting so they do not translate well in cross-modal setting. Recent development for cross-modal stereo considers small local matching and focus mainly on joint enhancement. Therefore, we propose a guided filter-based stereo matching algorithm. It works by integrating guided filter equation in a basic cost function for cost volume generation. The cost volume can be further improved via smoothness constraints and confidence filtering. We show that the proposed algorithm is able to estimate disparity correctly within acceptable interval in many important regions and outperforms many existing algorithms. We believe that the proposed algorithm will become the new benchmark for cross-modal stereo matching problem.
Tank acoustics, and sound source localization by plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) (2014)

A series of experiments was undertaken to investigate methods of sound source localization by fish. In these experiments, positive phonotaxic responses of gravid female plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) to low-frequency, playback tones (80–90 Hz) were studied as they approached sound sources. The sound fields for simple (monopole) and relatively complex (dipole) sources within the behavioral arena were measured and characterized in terms of pressure and particle motion. Results indicate that female midshipman fish are able to locate sound sources in the near field using acoustic cues alone, and that they used the particle motion vectors to locate the source in both the monopole and dipole sound fields. The tank acoustics were modeled and compared to the measured pressure and particle motion sound fields. [This work was supported by the National Science Foundation.]
The production of isolated photons in PbPb and pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV (2020)

A bstract The transverse energy ( $$ {E}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\upgamma} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>E</mml:mi> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> ) spectra of photons isolated from other particles are measured using proton-proton (pp) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at the LHC at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mi>NN</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 5 . 02 TeV with integrated luminosities of 27.4 pb − 1 and 404 μ b − 1 for pp and PbPb data, respectively. The results are presented for photons with 25 &lt; $$ {E}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\upgamma} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>E</mml:mi> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> &lt; 200 GeV in the pseudorapidity range |η| &lt; 1 . 44, and for different centrality intervals for PbPb collisions. Photon production in PbPb collisions is consistent with that in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, demonstrating that photons do not interact with the quark-gluon plasma. Therefore, isolated photons can provide information about the initial energy of the associated parton in photon+jet measurements. The results are compared with predictions from the next-to-leading-order jetphox generator for different parton distribution functions (PDFs) and nuclear PDFs (nPDFs). The comparisons can help to constrain the nPDFs global fits.
Wireless Protection of Power Grids over a 5G Network (2019)

Future smart grids will look profoundly different from the power grids used today. The increased number of renewables, like solar panels, will increase the need for cost efficient, reliable communication to ensure correct operation of the grid. Using a 5G macro network we show that line differential protection can be handled with wireless ultra-reliable low latency communication. The protection service can be delivered on the same band handling Mobile Broadband traffic.
Serotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated from healthy pigs in Phayao Province, Thailand (2017)

Almost all serotypes previously described are present in Northern Thailand. Therefore, this report provides useful data for future bacteriological studies.
A history of AIDS: Looking back to see ahead (2007)

Since breaking onto the scene 26 years ago, HIV has proven an indefatigable foe. Over 60 million people have been infected with this retrovirus, and 25 million have already died of AIDS. HIV infection is hitting the hardest in the developing world 1. Tragically, 1600 babies continue to acquire HIV every day from their infected mothers. Over 12 million children have also been orphaned by AIDS, and this number will likely double by 2010. With these sobering statistics as a backdrop, this feature traces the history of the devastating HIV/AIDS pandemic and offers a view for what the future may hold.
Feasibility exploration of NVM based I-cache through MSHR enhancements (2014)

SRAM based memory systems are plagued by a number of problems like sub-threshold leakage and susceptibility to read/write failure with dynamic voltage scaling schemes or low supply voltage. Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies are being explored extensively nowadays to replace the conventional SRAM memories even for level 1 (L1) caches. These NVMs like Spin Torque Transfer RAM (STT-MRAM), Resistive-RAM (ReRAM) and Phase Change RAM (PRAM) are less hindered by leakage problems with technology scaling and consume lesser area. However, simple replacement of SRAM by NVMs is not a viable option due to their write related issues. The main focus of this paper is the exploration of write delay and write energy issues in a NVM based L1 Instruction cache (I-cache) for an ARM like single core system. We propose a NVM I-cache and extend its MSHR (Miss Status Handling Register) functionality to address the NVMs write related issues. According to our simulations, appropriate tuning of selective architecture parameters can reduce the performance penalty introduced by the NVM (∼45%) to extremely tolerable levels (∼1%) and show energy gains up to 35%. Furthermore, on configuring our modified NVM based system to occupy area comparable to the original SRAM-based configuration, it outperforms the SRAM baseline and leads to even more energy savings.
Frontispiece: Newly Synthesized Lipid–Porphyrin Conjugates: Evaluation of Their Self‐Assembling Properties, Their Miscibility with Phospholipids and Their Photodynamic Activity In Vitro (2018)

Lipid–porphyrin conjugates are considered as promising building blocks for supramolecular structures with multifunctional properties such as those required for anticancer photodynamic therapy. The Full Paper by A. Makky et al. on page 19179 ff. describes the synthesis of two new lipid-porphyrin conjugates by coupling chlorophyll-a derivative, pheophorbide-a, to natural phospholipids. These conjugates exhibited self-assembling properties, high loading rate in liposomes membranes, interesting optical behavior and promising photodynamic activity with better selectivity in vitro to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma relative to normal cells.
Dual-Wavelength Optical Microresonators for Frequency Conversion (2011)

International audience
The Extracellular Matrix Component Psl Provides Fast-Acting Antibiotic Defense in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms (2013)

Bacteria within biofilms secrete and surround themselves with an extracellular matrix, which serves as a first line of defense against antibiotic attack. Polysaccharides constitute major elements of the biofilm matrix and are implied in surface adhesion and biofilm organization, but their contributions to the resistance properties of biofilms remain largely elusive. Using a combination of static and continuous-flow biofilm experiments we show that Psl, one major polysaccharide in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm matrix, provides a generic first line of defense toward antibiotics with diverse biochemical properties during the initial stages of biofilm development. Furthermore, we show with mixed-strain experiments that antibiotic-sensitive "non-producing" cells lacking Psl can gain tolerance by integrating into Psl-containing biofilms. However, non-producers dilute the protective capacity of the matrix and hence, excessive incorporation can result in the collapse of resistance of the entire community. Our data also reveal that Psl mediated protection is extendible to E. coli and S. aureus in co-culture biofilms. Together, our study shows that Psl represents a critical first bottleneck to the antibiotic attack of a biofilm community early in biofilm development.
MR spectroscopic imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging of prostate cancer with Gleason scores (2012)

Combined MRSI and DWI helps identify the presence and the proportion of aggressive cancer (ie, Gleason grade 4) that might not be apparent on biopsy sampling. This information can guide subsequent rebiopsy management, especially for active surveillance programs.
A 2.4 GHz CMOS transceiver for Bluetooth (2002)

A fully-integrated CMOS transceiver tuned to 2.4 GHz consumes 46 mA in receive mode and 47 mA in transmit mode from a 2.7 V supply. The receiver has -80 dBm sensitivity at 0.1% BER, and -7 dBm IIP3. The transmitter delivers a GFSK modulated spectrum at 5 dBm output power.