gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The formal theory of birth-and-death processes, lattice path combinatorics and continued fractions (2000)

Classic works of Karlin and McGregor and Jones and Magnus have established a general correspondence between continuous-time birth-and-death processes and continued fractions of the Stieltjes-Jacobi type together with their associated orthogonal polynomials. This fundamental correspondence is revisited here in the light of the basic relation between weighted lattice paths and continued fractions otherwise known from combinatorial theory. Given that sample paths of the embedded Markov chain of a birth-and-death process are lattice paths, Laplace transforms of a number of transient characteristics can be obtained systematically in terms of a fundamental continued fraction and its family of convergent polynomials. Applications include the analysis of evolutions in a strip, upcrossing and downcrossing times under flooring and ceiling conditions, as well as time, area, or number of transitions while a geometric condition is satisfied.
Revision of the Acetabular Component without Cement after Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Follow-up Note Regarding Results at Seven to Eleven Years* (1996)

The results of revision of the acetabular component without cement, performed for aseptic loosening, were reported previously after a mean of forty-four months for 138 hips (132 patients). After an additional mean duration of follow-up of almost five years, twelve patients (twelve hips) had died before they could be followed long enough for the later study and nine patients (eleven hips) had been lost to follow-up; thus, a total of 111 patients (115 hips) were available for follow-up at a mean of 100 months (range, seventy-eight to 135 months). Between the earlier and later times of follow-up, six additional acetabuli had had a repeat revision: one, for recurrent dislocation; two, for infection; and three (which were stable), at the time of a revision of the femoral stem. No revision of the acetabular cup was performed because of aseptic loosening, and no cup was noted to have migrated.Radiographs were available for 105 patients (109 hips) at a mean of ninety-eight months (range, seventy-eight to 135 months). Five (5 per cent) of the 109 cups were surrounded by a complete radiolucent line and three (3 per cent), by a partial progressive radiolucent line. A radiolucent line adjacent to a screw was seen in association with two cups (2 per cent), and osteolysis was noted at the margin of four cups (4 per cent).Revision of the acetabular component with a porous-coated, nearly hemispherical fiber-metal component inserted without cement was associated with a high rate of excellent results at the seven to eleven-year follow-up examination.
Studies of Organic Semiconductors for 40 Years—VII (1989)

Abstract In Canada the systematic investigation of organic semiconductors started in the mid 1950's. This review of the contribution of Canadian scientist to the field of organic semiconductors will be limited to discussing semiconducting properties of organic materials like electrical conductivity, carrier transport, and photoconductivity. Substantial spectroscopic work on organic semiconductors has been performed including optical spectroscopy (absorption, reflectance, luminescence, Raman), NMR, and ESR. Here spectroscopic measurements will only be covered inasmuch as they illuminate semiconductive material properties. Significant work has also been reported on organic xerographic photoreceptors and photovoltaic solar cells. This work will be covered to the extent of contributing to our understanding of electrical properties and material parameters in organic semiconductors. In recent years electrical properties of polymers have also attracted significant attention. These developments, however, are outside the scope of this review which will be concerned only with crystalline and polycrystalline molecular solids.
Design of a flexible parylene-based multi-electrode array for multi-region recording from the rat hippocampus (2015)

The hippocampus is a critical deep brain structure in several aspects. It is directly related to the formation of new long-term declarative memory. The malfunction of the hippocampus closely relates to various disease and pathological conditions. It is also a model structure for the study of cortical function and synaptic plasticity in general because of its special neuro-anatomical structure and intrinsic connections within the hippocampus formation. Both the understanding of roles that the hippocampus plays in recognition memory and the study of neural plasticity require simultaneously recording of neural activities from multiple sub-regions of the hippocampus from behavioral animals. However the distribution of cells in the hippocampus make the recording from multiple sub-regions a big challenge with the traditional uni-length micro-wire arrays. Well-designed electrode arrays are required to reach multiple regions simultaneously because of the distinctive double C shape of the hippocampus cell body layers. In this work, we designed a multi-shanks electrode which uses Parylene C, a highly biocompatible and flexible polymer, as a base and has multiple recording sites specially positioned along the longitudinal axis to fit the curvy shape of the rat hippocampus.
Transforming biorefinery designs with ‘Plug-In Processes of Lignin’ to enable economic waste valorization (2021)

Biological lignin valorization has emerged as a major solution for sustainable and cost-effective biorefineries. However, current biorefineries yield lignin with inadequate fractionation for bioconversion, yet substantial changes of these biorefinery designs to focus on lignin could jeopardize carbohydrate efficiency and increase capital costs. We resolve the dilemma by designing 'plug-in processes of lignin' with the integration of leading pretreatment technologies. Substantial improvement of lignin bioconversion and synergistic enhancement of carbohydrate processing are achieved by solubilizing lignin via lowering molecular weight and increasing hydrophilic groups, addressing the dilemma of lignin- or carbohydrate-first scenarios. The plug-in processes of lignin could enable minimum polyhydroxyalkanoate selling price at as low as $6.18/kg. The results highlight the potential to achieve commercial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a co-product of cellulosic ethanol. Here, we show that the plug-in processes of lignin could transform biorefinery design toward sustainability by promoting carbon efficiency and optimizing the total capital cost.
(E)-N-[(E)-3-(4-Nitrophenyl)allylidene]naphthalen-1-amine (2013)

In the title compound, C19H14N2O2, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the 4-nitro-phenyl ring and the naphthalene ring system is 12.79 (2)°. The imine group displays a C-C-N=C torsion angle of 41.0 (2)° and the C=N group has an E conformation. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link molecules into layers parallel to the b axis.
ME-17 * JAK 1/2 INHIBITION FOLLOWING BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION MITIGATES Cd11b + /GR1+ MEDIATED LOW-GRADE GLIOMA NEOANGIOGENESIS (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Low grade gliomas lack neovascularization when compared to their high grade counterparts. Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) are recruited to the tumor site and mediate the angiogenic switch during malignant transformation. This process ultimately supports the exponential growth kinetics displayed by high grade tumors that often exhibit aberrant vasculature. In order to elucidate the functional consequence of impairing BMDCs, in particular myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), we employed JAK 1/2 inhibitors. JAK 1/2 inhibition prior to the angiogenic switch in low grade glial tumors resulted in reduced neo-vascularization (CD31) and cellular proliferation (Ki67+). To conclusively prove impaired MDSC recruitment, we pursued a series of bone marrow transplant studies to demonstrate the effect of interrogated JAK 1/2 signaling on GFP+ BMDCs recruitment to the tumor core and periphery. METHODS: A spontaneous, transgenic PDGF-driven murine glioma model was utilized to recapitulate low-grade to high-grade progression. Tumor bearing animals were lethally irradiated (10Gy) at 2 weeks old and transplanted with age appropriate bone marrow from GFP donor mice. After a 4 week bone marrow reconstitution, the animals were treated with JAK1/2 inhibitors via oral gavage for 4 weeks. Immunofluorescence was used to characterize the impact on GFP+ BMDC recruitment at the tumor site. Flow cytometry was then used to quantify GFP+ BMDCs at the tumor site and periphery (blood and bone marrow). RESULTS: The number of GFP + BMDCs recruited to the tumor core is markedly reduced in post-transplant JAK treated animals. These animals demonstrate a significant survival advantage and exhibit delayed transformation on MRI and histologically, consistent with our previous findings. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence demonstrates impaired Cd11b + /GR1+ mobilization in the bone marrow, peripheral blood and at the tumor core. CONCLUSION: The utility of GFP+ bone marrow transplant model system proves that JAK 1/2 Inhibition plays a direct role in impairment of MDSC infiltration.
The Effects of Enhancing the Crosslinking Degree in High Internal Phase Emulsion Templated Poly(dicyclopentadiene) Cured by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization by a Crosslinking Comonomer (2019)

The effect of enhancing the crosslinking degree in polyHIPEs made from dicyclopentadiene by additionally using a crosslinking comonomer is described. Foams of 80% porosity with 10-40 w% comonomer content in the continous phase are prepared and show similar porosities and morphological characteristics as foams prepared with dicyclopentadiene alone. Assessing the mechanical properties reveals that the ductility is decreasing while the stiffness of the samples is increasing with increasing comonomer content. The foams containing the crosslinking comonomer take up at least five fold mass of toluene therby swelling to at least 30 v%. Upon drying of the swollen specimens, their initial shap and porosity are recovered. This feature distinguishes them from polyHIPEs made from dicyclopentadiene only.&lt;br&gt;
A multi-plane block-coordinate frank-wolfe algorithm for training structural SVMs with a costly max-oracle (2015)

Structural support vector machines (SSVMs) are amongst the best performing methods for structured computer vision tasks, such as semantic image segmentation or human pose estimation. Training SSVMs, however, is computationally costly, because it requires repeated calls to a structured prediction subroutine (called max-oracle), which has to solve an optimization problem itself, e.g. a graph cut.
Convergence of Newton’s Method for Steady-State Load Flow Problems in Multi-Carrier Energy Systems (2020)

Coupling single-carrier networks into multi-carrier energy systems (MESs) has recently become more important. Various formulations of the single-carrier load flow problem (LFP) are used. Moreover, different coupling models lead to different integrated systems of equations for the LFP of MESs. Both could affect the convergence of the Newton-Raphson method (NR) used to solve the nonlinear system of equations. This paper considers the steady-state LFP for example MESs of varying size, with various coupling models and topologies, and various formulations in the single-carrier parts. Based on numerical experiments, this paper compares the convergence behavior of NR for the various single- and multi-carrier systems. For these examples, NR of the steady-state LFP of the MESs is independent of the size of the network and of the coupling, and NR requires at most as many iterations as the slowest single-carrier network.
Long-term elevation of cyclooxygenase-2, but not lipoxygenase, in regions synaptically distant from spreading depression (1996)

Eicosanoids, produced from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LIPOXs), are involved in numerous brain processes. To explore if brief and noninjurious stimuli chronically alter expression of these enzymes, we examined the induction of COX-2 and LIPOX expression following unilateral neocortical spreading depression (SD). Expression was examined over time and in regions not experiencing SD (hippocampus) but synaptically connected to the site of stimulation (cortex). One hundred six male Wistar rats had SD induced via microinjection of 0.5 M KCl (0.5 M NaCl for sham) into left parietal cortex every 9 minutes for 1 or 3 hours. One hour before SD some animals received dexamethasone (Dex), mepacrine (Mep), indomethacin (Indo), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (Ndga), phenylephrine (Pe), sodium nitroprusside (Snp) with Pe, or N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (Lnam). Animals survived for 0, 3, or 6 hours, or 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, or 28 days. Brains were processed immunohistochemically for COX-2 and LIPOX, and the optical density (OD) of the left and right cortex, dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, and CA1 immunoreactivity (IR) were measured. Induction was expressed as the log of left divided by right side OD for each region. COX-2 IR in the left cortex was elevated rapidly and was sustained for 21 days following SD. COX-2 IR was also elevated in the ipsilateral hippocampus not experiencing SD, with the rank order of induction as follows: DG > CA3 > CA1. Dex, Snp, and/or Pe significantly reduced the induction of COX-2. No changes in LIPOX IR were observed. These results show that long-term changes in COX-2 expression are induced by SD and these changes decrease with synaptic distance. Benign stimuli increase COX-2 expression and thus may influence brain function for extended periods and at distant locations.
Macrophages Inhibit Neovascularization in a Murine Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2006)

Immune vascular interactions can be highly complex. Normal macrophage function is critical in controlling pathologic neovascularization in the eye. IL-10 regulates macrophage activity in the eye and is an attractive therapeutic target in order to suppress or inhibit CNV in AMD that can otherwise lead to blindness.
A Synthetic Nanoparticle Based Vaccine Approach Targeting MSP4/5 Is Immunogenic and Induces Moderate Protection Against Murine Blood-Stage Malaria (2019)

Malaria remains a significant health problem in many tropical and sub-tropical regions. The development of vaccines against the clinically active blood-stage of infection needs to consider variability and polymorphism in target antigens, and an adjuvant system able to induce broad spectrum immunity comprising both antibodies and helper T cells. Moreover, recent studies have shown some conventional pro-inflammatory adjuvants can also promote expansion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), both of which could negatively impact malaria disease progression. Herein, we explore the ability of a model nanoparticle delivery system (polystyrene nanoparticles; PSNPs), previously proven to not induce conventional inflammation, Treg or MDSC, to induce immunity to MSP4/5 from <i>Plasmodium yoelii</i>, a member of the MSP4 and MSP5 family of proteins which are highly conserved across diverse malaria species including <i>P. falciparum</i>. The results show PSNPs-MSP4/5 conjugates are highly immunogenic, inducing immune responses comprising both T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cellular immunity, and a spectrum of antibody subclasses including IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b. Benchmarked against Alum and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA), the immune responses that were induced were of comparable or higher magnitude, for both T cell frequencies by ELISpot and antibody responses in terms of ELISA end titer. Importantly, immunization with PSNPs-MSP4/5 induced partial protection against malaria blood-stage infection (50-80%) shown to be mechanistically dependent on interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production. These results expand the scope of adjuvants considered for malaria blood-stage vaccine development to those that do not use conventional adjuvant pathways and emphasizes the critical role of cellular immunity and specifically IFN-γ producing cells in providing moderate protection against blood-stage malaria comparable to Freunds adjuvant.
Table S3 from Organoid Profiling Identifies Common Responders to Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S3&lt;/p&gt;
Veterinarians, academia and industry: shaping the future of veterinary sciences (2001)

Financing research in universities where does the money come from? Many universities, and their constituent faculties, are under increasing pressure to re-evaluate the way in which they finance their research projects. Traditionally, most research at universities has been funded through competitive grants involving relatively small amounts of money. To attain these grants, individual researchers have to submit applications in which they provide exhaustive details of specific and well-defined projects. Most, but not all, applications are peer reviewed, with the aim that only good quality research is funded. This system certainly has its advantages when it operates against a background of abundant financing and a sympathetic public that has a positive attitude towards research. The United States is fortunate enough to be in this situation. Europe, on the other hand, is not. Most European countries have experienced serious cutbacks in government funding for research. In addition, the public has developed a growing distrust of scientists, and in the wake of crises, such as BSE, they want to know: “Why didn't the scientists do something about this earlier?” Despite this attitude when things are going wrong, there is little will to spend the sums of money needed to carry out good basic research in advance of such events occurring.
Selective degradation of urethane bond of ester-type polyurethanes with pyridine. (1992)

Chemical degradation method of ester-type polyurethanes composed of polyesterpolyols, polycaprolactonepolyols, or polycarbonatepolyols was investigated. Pyridine containing water was an effective reagent to hydrolyze urethane bond selectively without cleaving ester bond. One gram of polyurethane sample was heated at 160°C in a mixture of 10 ml of pyridine and 0.5 g of water in a pressure vessel. Urethane bond was completely hydrolyzed after 15 h under this condition. After evaporating the reagent, the molecular weight and composition of the polyols were determined by GPC and NMR. In the case of polycarbonates, a lower decomposition temperature of 130°C was preferable to avoid the cleavage of carbonate bond.
Mechanical Model of Rotation Frame for Phase Stability and Molecular Conformation in Liquid Crystal System (2007)

A mechanical model that explains the phase behaviors and thermal properties of a liquid crystal (LC) system is developed. We have modeled terphenyl liquid crystalline molecules on the basis of the architecture of a frame consisting of atomic nuclei. It is shown that the thermal stability of the LC molecules is dominated by the rotational dynamics of the nuclei frame. The characteristics of phase stability in a fluorine atom's position isomers in the terphenyl compounds are successfully interpreted with the use of an inertia tensor of the atom nuclei frame. From the observation of novel slim and fat isomers in fluorinated terphenyl LC compounds, we have developed a theory that interprets and predicts the thermal phase stability for novel isomeric LC compounds.
Gravel-pack damage removal in horizontal and vertical wells (1999)

Gravel-pack damage removal in horizontal and vertical wells H.K. Kotlar; H.K. Kotlar Statoil Research Center Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar R. Thomas; R. Thomas Schlumberger Dowell Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar M. Ziauddin; M. Ziauddin Schlumberger Dowell Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar H. Brydon; H. Brydon Schlumberger Dowell Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar S. Karlstad S. Karlstad Schlumberger Dowell Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE European Formation Damage Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, May 1999. Paper Number: SPE-54724-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/54724-MS Published: May 31 1999 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kotlar, H.K., Thomas, R., Ziauddin, M., Brydon, H., and S. Karlstad. "Gravel-pack damage removal in horizontal and vertical wells." Paper presented at the SPE European Formation Damage Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, May 1999. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/54724-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE European Formation Damage Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 SPE European Formation Damage Conference held in The Hague, The Netherlands, 31 May–1 June 1999. Keywords: scale inhibition, sand control, damage mechanism, asphaltene inhibition, completion installation and operations, wax remediation, drilling operation, simulator, hydrate remediation, annular flow Subjects: Drilling Operations, Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology, Formation Evaluation & Management, Directional drilling, Gravel pack design & evaluation, Acidizing, Inhibition and remediation of hydrates, scale, paraffin / wax and asphaltene, Completion Installation and Operations, Sand Control, Completion Operations This content is only available via PDF. 1999. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
A New Approach to Designing Centrifugal Compressor Surge Control Systems (2015)

Fluid Dynamics with NOVA Chemicals
Transfusions during cardiopulmonary bypass: better when triggered by venous oxygen saturation and oxygen extraction rate (2011)

During cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), red blood cell transfusions may be required to correct dilutional anemia. The decision-making process for transfusions is usually based on the level of hemoglobin.This study investigates the hypothesis that oxygen-derived variables (mixed venous oxygen saturation, SvO(2), and oxygen extraction rate, O(2)ER) may be more reliable predictors of the efficacy of the transfusion. Thirty-six patients for 41 transfusion episodes during CPB were retrospectively analyzed. For each patient, oxygen-derived variables, including SvO(2) and O(2)ER, were measured before and after the transfusion. No changes in pump flow were allowed between the two measurements. The efficacy of transfusion was defined as an increase in SvO(2) of at least 5%. We identified 11 transfusion episodes leading to an efficacious SvO (2) increase. Factors associated with the efficacy of the transfusion were a low SvO(2) and a high O(2)ER. No association was found with hemoglobin values, unless for a trend for efficacy of transfusion in patients with very low (<6 g/dL) hemoglobin values. Cut-off values of 68% for SvO(2) and 39% for O(2)ER were predictive for the efficacy of red blood cell transfusions, with a high accuracy (c-statistics 0.856 and 0.848, respectively) and negative and positive predictive values exceeding 82%. In conclusion, SvO(2) and O(2)ER are better than the hemoglobin value for guiding the decision-making process of red blood cell transfusions to correct hemodilutional anemia during CPB.
El sistema hegelià, "Ciència" o tomba de la llibertat? (1982)

No hi ha abstract.