gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensory Particles with Optical Telemetry (2020)

Current retinal prostheses provide electrical stimulation without feedback from the stimulated neurons. Incorporation of multichannel recording electronics would typically require trans-scleral cables for power supply and data transmission. In this work, we explore a wireless, optoelectronic, miniature, modular, and distributed electro-neural interface for recording, which we call Sensory Particles with Optical Telemetry (SPOT). It can be used in an advanced, bi-directional retinal prosthesis and other sensory applications. Emphasis is placed on the novel telemetry stage. SPOTs are powered by near-infrared light and transmit information by light. As a proof of concept, we designed and built a low-power, small-footprint linear transconductance circuit utilizing chopper stabilization in 130nm CMOS. Our design achieved 57 mS transconductance within 3.5 kHz bandwidth, and a near-infrared (NIR) power density of 0.5 mW/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , well within the ocular and thermal safety limits. The telemetry circuit consumes 0.015 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area, and each SPOT can be powered by a single photovoltaic (PV) supply of area 0.0056 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Electrical spikes transmitted by an 850nm LED were detected with 15 dB SNR, at the output of the optical link.
Mini Screw: the development of a high-CFM compact compressor for LGWP A1 low pressure refrigerant (2018)

Addressing global warming concerns is one of the largest challenges facing the HVAC industry currently. Although A2L refrigerants are important options to consider for certain sizes of HVAC units, there remain many systems that require A1 category refrigerants. Among the several available refrigerants, we looked at DR-12 as one of the attractive refrigerants. Along with it being in the A1 category, its very low GWP value (32) and high cycle performance make it an excellent long-term solution if successfully applied. A significant challenge to overcome with this refrigerant is its low density. DR-12 will require almost 7 times the volumetric flow for the same cooling capacity compared to R410A. The current scroll or rotary technologies are not realistic to be applied in such a low density refrigerant system. The development of a new compact large CFM compressor is key to realize the scope of the project successfully. The authors have explored various types of compression mechanisms and identified screw as one of the most suited technologies for this refrigerant. In order to obtain such large volume flow (19.8L/s, 42CFM), a unique screw rotor design and a high speed PM motor were employed. Innovative bearing design and new compressor layout also enabled the compressor to be compact (cϕ145mm) and cost effective. A prototype compressor was built and tested. This concept delivered 17.6kW (5 ton) capacity at 11,000rpm and 4.4kW (1.25 ton) at 2,500rpm, meeting its target requirements. This paper will introduce details of the compressor concept, along with the test results from a physical prototype.
Hybridization in Materials Science – Evolution, Current State, and Future Aspirations (2012)

Abstract We introduce this themed issue of the European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry with a short overview of hybrid inorganic–organic materials. Hybrid materials have been used in society since antiquity, in fact the creative musings regarding hybridization began in ancient mythology. Now hybrid materials are ubiquitous, and so for clarity they have been divided into different classes and subgroups. These are explained and illustrated with notable synthetic and natural examples. The second half of this overview is devoted to some speculation about the future potential of hybrid materials based on some of the most exciting areas of development, such as artificial photosynthetic leaves, metamaterials, molecular machines, theranostics, 3D printing, nuclear waste storage, and the exploration of life's extraordinary evolutionary origins.
A New Method for the Preparation of Silyl Enol Ethers from Carbonyl Compounds and (Trimethylsilyl)diazomethane in a Regiospecific and Highly Stereoselective Manner. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Field Experiments on Throughput Performance above 100 Mbps in Forward Link for VSF-OFCDM Broadband Wireless Access (2005)

This paper presents throughput performance along with power profiles in the time and frequency domains over 100 Mbps based on field experiments using the implemented Variable Spreading Factor-Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM) transceiver with a 100-MHz bandwidth in a real multipath fading channel. We conducted field experiments in which a base station (BS) employs a 120-degree sectored beam'antenna with the antenna height of 50 m and a van equipped with a mobile station (MS) is driven at the average speed of 30 km/h along measurement courses that are approximately 800 to 1000 m away from the BS, where most of the locations along the courses are under non-line-of-sight conditions. Field experimental results show that, by applying 16QAM data modulation and Turbo coding with the coding rate of R = 1/2 to a shared data channel together with two-branch antenna diversity reception, throughput over 100 and 200 Mbps is achieved when the average received signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) is approximately 6.0 and 14.0 dB, respectively in a broadband channel bandwidth where a large number of paths such as more than 20 are observed. Furthermore, the location probability for achieving throughput over 100 and 200 Mbps becomes approximately 90 and 20% in these measurement courses, which experience a large number of paths, when the transmission power of the BS is 10 W with a 120-degree sectored beam transmission.
High‐Performance Jet Fuels Derived from Bio‐Based Alkenes by Iron‐Catalyzed [2+2] Cycloaddition (2019)

A series of high-performance cycloparaffinic fuels have been generated by [2+2] cycloaddition of the bio-derived alkenes 1-hexene, isoprene, and 1-pentene, catalyzed by a low-valent iron pyridine(diimine) complex [(<sup>Me</sup> PDI)Fe(N<sub>2</sub> )<sub>2</sub> (μ-N<sub>2</sub> )] [<sup>Me</sup> PDI=N,N'-(2,6-pyridinediyldiethylidyne)bis(2,6-dimethylbenzenamine)]. Reactions with 1-pentene and 1-hexene resulted in 85 % selectivity to 1,2-cyclobutanes, and 12 % selectivity to acyclic alkenes generated by β-hydride elimination. Self-dimerization of isoprene was sluggish and generated heavier oligomer products, but cross-dimerization of isoprene with 1-hexene afforded primarily a 1,3-cyclobutane product, along with isomers of acyclic C<sub>11</sub> mixed dimers. Hydrocarbon mixtures were hydrogenated and fractionally distilled to yield finished fuel mixtures in overall yields of 83-93 % at the multigram scale. The fuels exhibited densities ranging between 0.767 and 0.783 g mL<sup>-1</sup> , and net heats of combustion (NHOC) of up to 120.6 kBtu gal<sup>-1</sup> (43.8 MJ kg<sup>-1</sup> ). These values are higher than conventional synthetic paraffinic kerosenes owing to the higher density and ring strain afforded by the cyclobutane rings. The fuel mixtures also exhibited extremely low viscosities ranging from 2.38 to 4.78 mm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> at -20 °C, due in part to the presence of the acyclic dimers. The excellent fuel properties of the product mixtures, selectivity for dimer products, high yields, and the ability to use simple bio-derived alkenes as substrates, make the [Fe]-catalyzed [2+2] cycloaddition of unactivated alkenes a compelling route to the synthesis of sustainable high-performance fuels.
Backpropagation-Based Background Compensation of Frequency Interleaved ADC for Coherent Optical Receivers (2020)

This paper introduces an adaptive background compensation technique to mitigate errors of the analog signal path of Frequency-Interleaved ADCs (FI-ADC). The key ingredients of the proposed technique are MIMO equalization and the backpropagation algorithm often used to train neural networks. The technique introduced here is applicable to digital receivers such as those used in coherent optical communications. Although compensation of FI-ADCs has been discussed in the technical literature, adaptive background techniques have not been reported so far. The latter are important to automatically compensate errors caused by process, voltage, and temperature variations in CMOS implementations of the data converters and therefore ensure high manufacturing yield. Simulations show that the impairments of the analog signal path are accurately compensated and their effect essentially eliminated, resulting in a high performance ADC system.
Design Principle of Gene Expression Used by Human Stem Cells; Implication for Pluripotency (2004)

Human embryonic stem cells (ESC) are undifferentiated and are endowed with the capacities of self renewal and pluripotential differentiation. Adult stem cells renew their own tissue, but whether they can trans-differentiate to other tissues is still controversial. To understand the genetic program that underlies the pluripotency of stem cells, we compared the transcription profile of ESC with that of progenitor/stem cells of human hematopoietic and keratinocytic origins, along with their mature cells to be viewed as snapshots along tissue differentiation. ESC gene profile show higher complexity with significantly more highly expressed genes than adult cells. We hypothesize that ESC use a strategy of expressing genes that represent various differentiation pathways and selection of only a few for continuous expression upon differentiation to a particular target. Such a strategy may be necessary for the pluripotency of ESC. The progenitors of either hematopoietic or keratinocytic cells also follow the same design principle. Using advanced clustering, we show that many of the ESC expressed genes are turned off in the progenitors/stem cells followed by a further downregulation in adult tissues. Concomitantly, genes specific to the target tissue are upregulated towards matured cells of skin or blood.
Juvenile Retinal Detachment (1987)

The features and prognoses of 802 cases (908 eyes) of retinal detachment from 8 months to 19 years of age were studied with the patients divided into three age groups: 65 eyes in group I (0-9), 259 eyes in group II (10-14), and 584 eyes in group III (15-19). Eyes in group I were different from the others in many respects. In group I, traumatic detachments, preoperative complications, four-quadrant detachments, and eyes with undetected breaks were more frequent, and the prognosis was worse than in the other groups. Holes with lattice degenerations were most frequent in group III eyes having no history of trauma. Group III resembled adult retinal detachment and group II was thought to be the transitional type.
Impulsive manipulation (2002)

Examines a little-studied method of manipulation-manipulation by striking an object and letting it slide. There are two parts to this problem: The inverse sliding problem, determining the velocities required to send an object to a desired configuration, and the impact problem, determining how to strike the object in order to achieve those velocities. The authors present a solution to these two problems for the class of rotationally symmetric objects and conclude with some observations about this method of manipulation.
Evaluating the Thermal Characteristics of Copper-II and Zinc-Oxide Nanofluids Flowing Over a Heated Flat Plate (2008)

Thermal characteristics of CopperII and Zinc-Oxide nanofluids have been investigated for flow over a heated flat plate. Fluid containing different volume-percents nanoparticles flow over a heated flat plate at specified laminar flow velocities. The heated plate experienced a constant heat flux from cartridge heaters spaced evenly along the length of the plate. The flow channel’s cross-sectional area was a square of dimensions 5cm × 5cm. Investigation of the heat transfer occurring in a plane along the centerline of the plate in the direction of the flow was performed. The heat transfer coefficients were calculated and plotted verses the Reynolds number and compared with the results obtained from distilled de-ionized water. Nanoparticle size from the fluids was investigated to inspect for possible agglomeration using both a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a dynamic light scattering system (DLS).
Supplementary Table 6 from Multilevel Whole-Genome Analysis Reveals Candidate Biomarkers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 30K, Select genes significantly methylated in tumor versus normal kidney in regions associated with copy-number aberrations&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract 2495: The autophagy inducing drug carbamazepine is a radiation protector and mitigator (2011)

Abstract The role of autophagy in cellular response to radiation is controversial. Some investigators report that induction of autophagy increases radiosensitivity whereas others report that it confers radioresistance. Carbamazepine, traditionally used to treat mood disorders, epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia, has recently been shown to induce autophagy. We hypothesized that carbamazepine would be radioprotective in vitro and in vivo by upregulating autophagy in cells and tissue after irradiation. In clonogenic assays of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells (32Dcl3), carbamazepine at 1, 10 and 100 uM for 1 hour prior to irradiation (0 – 8 Gy) increased the Do from 1.5 ± 0.1 to 2.1 ± 0.1 (p = 0.011), 2.3 ± 0.1 (p = 0.010), and 3.6 ± 0.7 (p = 0.003), respectively. Carbamazepine after irradiation increased the shoulder (ñ) on the survival curve from 1.4 ± 0.3 to 10.1 ± 4.2 (p = 0.011), 5.5 ± 1.7 (p = 0.018), or 3.6 ± 0.8 (p = 0.014), respectively. C57BL/6NHsd mice with intraperitoneal injection of carbamazepine (20 mg/kg) immediately before or after 9.25 Gy irradiation demonstrated increased survival (p = 0.008 and 0.005, respectively). JC1 stain and TUNEL assay revealed that carbamazepine had no effect on changes in mitochondria potential or apoptosis, respectively, following 5 or 10 Gy. Immunoblot for LC3 in 32Dcl3 cells 24 hours after irradiation revealed a 3.3x (5 Gy) and 6.2x (10 Gy) increase in LC3II/LC3I when cells were incubated in 50 uM carbamazepine. Cells irradiated in the absence of carbamazepine exhibited a 1.3x (5 Gy) and 1.8x (10 Gy) LC3II/LC3I increase, respectively. This data suggest that carbamazepine may be a valuable radiation mitigator by upregulating autophagy in irradiated cells. Supported by 2U19A1068021-06 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2495. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2495
Improved bulk acoustic wave resonator using edge method for high performance (2012)

We investigate the performance of aluminum nitride (AlN) resonator based bulk acoustic wave (BAW) structure made with air edge reflector and gold (Au) edge electrode. BAW Resonators have been fabricated, some devices using a thick film of e-beam evaporated gold as edge electrodes at the border of the resonator on bottom, top electrode. The air reflectors provided at the border of the resonator suppress the acoustic wave leakage through lateral direction. We have developed the simulation and measurement for the improving of resonator quality. The influence of the frame width on resonator surface after applied the air edge reflector and the gold edge electrode in the performance of the BAW resonators is analyzed. The Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sub> (Q-factor at anti-resonance frequency) and the effective electro-mechanical coupling coefficient (kt <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) which is essential to achieve low loss and wide band-width of RF filters is increased by 19 % and 3.4 %, respectively. Also, Insertion loss at S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> parameter is improved significantly from -0.095 dB to -0.041 dB.
Whole-heart magnetic resonance coronary angiography with multiple breath-holds and automatic breathing-level tracking (2010)

Whole-heart (WH) magnetic resonance coronary angiography (MRCA) studies are usually performed during free breathing while monitoring the position of the diaphragm with real-time motion correction. However, this results in a long scan time and the patient’s breathing pattern may change, causing the study to be aborted. Alternatively, WH MRCA can be performed with multiple breath-holds (mBH). However, one problem in the mBH method is that patients cannot hold their breath at the same position every time, leading to image degradation. We have developed a new WH MRCA imaging method that employs both the mBH method and automatic breathing-level tracking to permit automatic tracking of the changes in breathing or breath-hold levels. Evaluation of its effects on WH MRCA image quality showed that this method can provide high-quality images within a shorter scan time. This proposed method is expected to be very useful in clinical WH MRCA studies.
Computer-Assisted Dental Implant Surgery Using Computed Tomography (1995)

Standard planning for dental implants consists of a prosthesis simulation on diagnostic casts and radiographic examination of anatomical structures. The clinician visually locates the planned trajectory on the surgical site in the patient's mouth without direct correlation between the radiographs and the anatomy. We have developed a computer assisted technique to define the optimal position of the bone implant using computed tomography to accurately place the implant in the planned position using a guide drilled into a resin splint.
A 0.83" full HDTV liquid crystal on silicon component with in-pixelmemory and 450Hz refresh rate (2006)

In the frame of the EC IST European funded project calledLCOS4LCOS1, a consortium of six European partners hasdeveloped a new 0.83inch 1920 x 1080 pixels liquid crystal onsilicon display device mainly targeting single LCOS HDTV rearprojection but also usable for other applications like goggles orviewfinders. We describe in this paper the original devicearchitecture and performances inside a color sequential singlepanel projection system.
Modeling and simulation of thermal sigma-delta modulators (2003)

This paper describes a new methodology for the simulation of thermal sigma-delta modulators. Its essential feature is the derivation of a compact electrical model of the modulator's thermal loop filter from the filter's measured step response. This model can then be used to simulate the entire modulator in the electrical domain. To verify this methodology, the behaviour of an existing modulator, used to read-out a thermal flow sensor, was studied. The sensor is incorporated in the feedback loop of the modulator, where it functions as a thermal low-pass filter. A compact model of this filter was derived from the sensor's measured step response. Using this model, the modulator was then simulated in SPICE. The simulation results correspond well with the modulator's actual behaviour.
Baculovirus-mediated gene transfer and recombinant protein expression do not interfere with insulin dependent phosphorylation of PKB/Akt in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells (2007)

Widely-used adenovirus vectors for gene delivery cause a state of insulin unresponsiveness in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells in culture due to the activation of central protein kinases of the insulin signalling pathway. This phenomenon can be avoided when studying insulin signalling by using recombinant baculovirus as a heterologous viral expression system. In addition, our data may contribute to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying baculovirus infection of human cells.
Patterned Immobilization of Unprotected Carbohydrates on an Aminooxy Polymer-Grafted Solid Surface (2007)

Abstract We describe a graft-type modification of a solid surface to be able to immobilize unprotected carbohydrates with a desired pattern. Water soluble carbohydrate-trapping polymers were grown from a solid surface through surface-initiated polymerization. The polymerization of an N-tert-butonyloxycarbonyl (N-Boc)-protected aminooxy monomer 3 was carried out from the immobilized initiator on silicon or glass surfaces. The N-Boc protecting group was then removed in an acidic solution to generate an aminooxy group, which reacts with free carbohydrates through oxime bonds on immersion of the plate in a carbohydrate solution. Sugar attachment on the surface polymer was confirmed by using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IR-RAS) and fluorescent images after sugar-specific binding of fluorescein-labeled lectin proteins. The polymer was also grafted in a desired pattern by partial UV-irradiation over a photomask, giving a new material to create carbohydrates arrays.
Wideband microstrip antennas for PCS/IMT-2000 services (2002)

A wideband aperture coupled 2/spl times/2 array microstrip antenna is proposed for the PCS/IMT-2000. The measured return loss bandwidth is 11.3 % and 14.3% for VSWR/spl les/1.5 and the isolation characteristic is below -30 dB throughout the operating bandwidths. These measured results show that the proposed antenna could satisfy Rx's of the PCS/IMT-2000 and Tx's of PCS/IMT-2000 services simultaneously. The cross polarization level is around -20 dB with 45 degree rotated patches.
Diurnal expression of five protein phosphatase type 2C genes in the common ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (2007)

The common ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L., is a eu-halophytic model species with an environmental stress-initiated switch from C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesis to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity in 6-week-old plants exposed to salt stress for 5 days was ~15-fold higher than before stress, indicating the salinity-dependent induction of the C<sub>3</sub> to CAM transition. Five plant protein phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) genes were cloned, representative of five of the 10 plant PP2C sub-families. We measured mRNA levels of these PP2Cs and of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (Inps1) in 6-week-old plants before (C<sub>3</sub>) and after (CAM) salt stress. Remarkably, four PP2C genes and Inps1 were expressed with a diurnal fluctuation in plants in C<sub>3</sub> mode. After salt-induced CAM induction, the six genes were expressed with more prominent fluctuations than before stress, suggesting that these PP2C genes may be involved in the diurnal regulation of protein phosphorylation in CAM. Under continuous light treatment the expression of two PP2C genes continued to fluctuate, indicating that their expression is controlled by circadian rhythm.