gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Hardened and Non-Hardened Regions Using Eddy Current Testing (2018)

A steel plate having hardened and non-hardened regions in one plate is promising material in automobile field owing to its high performance. This steel plate has to be evaluated whether the non-hardened region was prepared properly at the desired position with desired hardness. However, the conventional evaluation method of hardness measurement is destructive testing and requires a long inspection time. Therefore, a reliable and fast nondestructive inspection method is required. In this study, the hardened and non-hardened regions were evaluated using an eddy current testing (ECT) to distinguish each region. The measured resistivity and permeability at each region were different and these differences were found to be caused by the crystal structure change of heat treatment. Therefore, the magnetic response between the hardened and non-hardened regions was different and this difference was correlated with the hardness of each region. These results indicate that the hardened and non-hardened regions can be distinguished using ECT.
α‐Melanocyte‐stimulating hormone structure‐activity studies: Comparative analysis of melanotropic and CNS bioactivities (1988)

The structure-activity relationships in vitro of alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, alpha-melanotropin) analogs as determined on normal and transformed (melanoma cell) melanocyte bioassays are summarized. Specifically, the characterization of potent and metabolically stable melanotropic agonist analogs and a newly discovered antagonist of alpha-MSH are highlighted. Comparison of these data versus the known structure-activity relationships of alpha-MSH related to CNS bioactivities suggests the existence of nonclassical alpha-MSH receptor-mediated pathways or, perhaps, a yet undefined endogenous neuropeptidergic pathway(s) having different selectivities for alpha-MSH analogs. In summary, several of the alpha-MSH analogs reported here may be useful molecular probes in future strategies aimed at the identification and systematic characterization of both peripheral and central alpha-MSH receptors.
Real-Time Measurements and Modelling on Dynamic Behaviour of SonoVue Bubbles Based on Light Scattering Technology (2008)

The dynamic behaviour of SonoVue microbubbles, a new generation ultrasound contrast agent, is investigated in real time with light scattering method. Highly diluted SonoVue microbubbles are injected into a diluted gel made of xanthan gum and water. The responses of individual SonoVue bubbles to driven ultrasound pulses are measured. Both linear and nonlinear bubble oscillations are observed and the results suggest that SonoVue microbubbles can generate strong nonlinear responses. By fitting the experimental data of individual bubble responses with Sarkar's model, the shell coating parameter of the bubbles and dilatational viscosity is estimated to be 7.0 nm·s·Pa.
Fast Multilevel Functional Principal Component Analysis (2022)

We introduce fast multilevel functional principal component analysis (fast MFPCA), which scales up to high dimensional functional data measured at multiple visits. The new approach is orders of magnitude faster than and achieves comparable estimation accuracy with the original MFPCA (Di et al., 2009). Methods are motivated by the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), which contains minute-level physical activity information of more than 10000 participants over multiple days and 1440 observations per day. While MFPCA takes more than five days to analyze these data, fast MFPCA takes less than five minutes. A theoretical study of the proposed method is also provided. The associated function mfpca.face() is available in the R package refund.
Compound genetically engineered mouse models of cancer reveal dual targeting of ALK1 and endoglin as a synergistic opportunity to impinge on angiogenic TGF-β signaling (2016)

Angiogenesis occurs early in tumor development, sustains primary tumor growth and provides a route for metastatic escape. The TGF-β family receptors modulate angiogenesis via endothelial-cell specific pathways. Here we investigate the interaction of two such receptors, ALK1 and endoglin, in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). Independently, ALK1 and endoglin deficiencies exhibited genetically divergent phenotypes, while both highly correlate to an endothelial metagene in human and mouse PanNETs. A concurrent deficiency of both receptors synergistically decreased tumor burden to a greater extent than either individual knockdown. Furthermore, the knockout of Gdf2 (BMP9), the primary ligand for ALK1 and endoglin, exhibited a mixed phenotype from each of ALK1 and endoglin deficiencies; overall primary tumor burden decreased, but hepatic metastases increased. Tumors lacking BMP9 display a hyperbranching vasculature, and an increase in vascular mesenchymal-marker expression, which may be implicit in the increase in metastases. Taken together, our work cautions against singular blockade of BMP9 and instead demonstrates the utility of dual blockade of ALK1 and endoglin as a strategy for anti-angiogenic therapy in PanNET.
Influence of Refractive Error and Axial Length on Retinal Vessel Geometric Characteristics (2010)

Myopic refractive errors and longer AL are associated with narrower retinal arterioles and venules, less tortuous arterioles, and increased branching coefficients in both arterioles and venules. These findings provide insights into ocular blood flow in myopia and also suggest that future studies evaluating these retinal parameters should account for the influence of AL and refractive error.
System level evaluation of TDD based LTE-Advanced MIMO-OFDMA systems (2010)

This paper presents system level downlink performance evaluation results for the TDD based LTE-Advanced networks utilizing some of the most recent technologies for mobile systems. The main enhanced technology components used in the systems include multi-user (MU)-MIMO, intra-site coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission and space-time-frequency proportional fair scheduling. Performance comparison between single-user (SU)-MIMO, MU-MIMO and MU-MIMO with intra-site CoMP OFDMA systems is presented. System level results show that MU-MIMO and MU-MIMO with intra-site CoMP systems exceed the downlink cell average and cell edge user throughput requirements of the IMT-Advanced systems set by ITU-R in urban micro ITU environment. Furthermore, it is shown that MU-MIMO system with intra-site CoMP outperforms uncoordinated MU-MIMO system in terms of throughput. Hence, intra-site CoMP can be considered as a key technique to further improve the throughput performance of LTE-Advanced.
Exploiting Wikipedia as External Knowledge for Named Entity Recognition (2007)

We explore the use of Wikipedia as external knowledge to improve named entity recognition (NER). Our method retrieves the corresponding Wikipedia entry for each candidate word sequence and extracts a category label from the first sentence of the entry, which can be thought of as a definition part. These category labels are used as features in a CRF-based NE tagger. We demonstrate using the CoNLL 2003 dataset that the Wikipedia category labels extracted by such a simple method actually improve the accuracy of NER.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Structure Revealed that the Human Polyomavirus JC Virus Agnoprotein Contains an α-Helix Encompassing the Leu/Ile/Phe-Rich Domain (2014)

Agnoprotein is a small regulatory protein of JC virus (JCV) and is required for the successful completion of the viral replication cycle. It forms highly stable dimers and oligomers through its hydrophobic (Leu/Ile/Phe-rich) domain, which has been shown to play essential roles in the stability and function of the protein. In this work, the Leu/Ile/Phe-rich domain has been further characterized by NMR studies using an agnoprotein peptide spanning amino acids T17 to Q54. Those studies revealed that the dimerization domain of the protein forms an amphipathic α-helix. Subsequent NMR structure-based mutational analysis of the region highlighted the critical importance of certain amino acids within the α-helix for the stability and function of agnoprotein. In conclusion, this study provides a solid foundation for developing effective therapeutic approaches against the dimerization domain of the protein to inhibit its critical roles in JCV infection.
Heteroepitaxial film silicon solar cell grown on Ni-W foils (2012)

Heteroepitaxial semiconductor films on low-cost, flexible metal foil templates are a potential route to inexpensive, high-efficiency solar cells. Here, we report epitaxial growth of Si films on low-cost, flexible, biaxially-textured Ni-W substrates. A robust buffer architecture comprised of multiple epitaxial oxide layers has been developed to grow high quality, heteroepitaxial Si films without any undesired reaction between the Si film and the metal substrate and with a single biaxial texture. XRD analysis including ω-scans, φ-scans, and pole figures confirms that the buffers and silicon are all epitaxial, with excellent cube-on-cube epitaxy. A photo-conversion efficiency of 1.1% is demonstrated from a proof-of-concept heteroepitaxial film Si solar cell.
Probing Structure and Function of Ion Channels Using Limited Proteolysis and Microfluidics (2014)

Even though gain, loss, or modulation of ion channel function is implicated in many diseases, both rare and common, the development of new pharmaceuticals targeting this class has been disappointing, where it has been a major problem to obtain correlated structural and functional information. Here, we present a microfluidic method in which the ion channel TRPV1, contained in proteoliposomes or in excised patches, was exposed to limited trypsin proteolysis. Cleaved-off peptides were identified by MS, and electrophysiological properties were recorded by patch clamp. Thus, the structure-function relationship was evaluated by correlating changes in function with removal of structural elements. Using this approach, we pinpointed regions of TRPV1 that affect channel properties upon their removal, causing changes in current amplitude, single-channel conductance, and EC50 value toward its agonist, capsaicin. We have provided a fast "shotgun" method for chemical truncation of a membrane protein, which allows for functional assessments of various peptide regions.
Intraoperative In Vivo Assessment of Lymph Nodes with Optical Coherence Tomography (2016)

Techniques have been developed to localize sentinel lymph nodes during cancer surgery and for post-operative histology. Intraoperative OCT, however, uniquely offers microscopic label-free in vivo assessment of lymph nodes for metastatic disease.
Overweight and obesity in Australia: the 1999–2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) (2004)

Re: “Overweight and obesity in Australia: the 1999–2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)”, by Adrian J Cameron, Timothy A Welborn, Paul Z Zimmet et al in the 5 May 2003 issue of the Journal (Med J Aust 2003; 178: 427-432). In Box 3 and Box 4 (pages 429 and 430), the row headings for the weekly income categories were reversed — the reference category should have been the lowest (rather than the highest) income group. These sections of Boxes 3 and 4, as they should have appeared, are shown below. Body mass index Waist circumference n Adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) n Adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) Body mass index Waist circumference n Adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) n Adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) This reversal affected our interpretation of the results of the study. In the Results section (page 431), we stated that “Increasing income increased the risk of obesity in women. Although no such association was significant for men, both the BMI and waist circumference data suggested that middle-income men tended to be more obese than the lowest income group.” This should have read: “Increasing income decreased the risk of obesity in women. Although no such association was significant for men, both the BMI and waist circumference data suggested that middle-income men tended to be more obese than the highest income group.” In the Discussion section (page 432), we stated that “In men, minor trends for middle-income groups to be more obese and the least affluent to be thin were observed, although these were not significant. Women, by contrast, showed a strong positive graded association between income and obesity.” This should have read: “In men, minor trends for middle-income groups to be more obese and the most affluent to be thin were observed, although these were not significant. Women, by contrast, showed a strong negative graded association between income and obesity.” The association between obesity and income was not a major outcome of the study, with the results focusing on the prevalence of obesity and the association of obesity with physical activity and television viewing time. The html and pdf versions of the article published in the eMJA were corrected on 20 March 2004.
An all pixel PDAF CMOS image sensor with 0.64μmx1.28μm photodiode separated by self-aligned in-pixel deep trench isolation for high AF performance (2017)

We present a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with phase detection auto-focus (PDAF) in all pixels. The size of photodiode (PD) is 0.64μm by 1.28μm, the smallest ever reported and two PDs compose a single pixel. Inter PD isolation was fabricated by deep trench isolation (DTI) process in order to obtain an accurate AF performance. The layout and depth of DTI was optimized in order to eliminate side effects and maximize the performance even at extremely low light condition up to 1lux. In particular the AF performance remains comparable to that of 0.70μm dual PD CIS. By using our unique technology, it seems plausible to scale further down the size of pixels in dual PD CIS without sacrificing AF performance.
Artificial Intelligence Enabled Self-healing for Mobile Network Automation (2021)

This paper presents an artificial intelligence enabled self-healing framework for cell outage detection and compensation in radio access networks. The developed framework consists of three modules, namely cell outage detection, cell outage compensation, and continuous optimization that work in closed-loop to detect outages, trigger recovery actions, and network optimization to minimize the impact of outages on user experience. The outage detection module is based on machine learning algorithms aimed to detect anomalies in the network performance data. Likewise, the cell outage compensation module uses fuzzy logic to determine compensation actions after an outage cell has been detected. The continuous optimization module is tasked with making incremental improvements to the network configuration through a heuristic approach. The developed self-healing framework is validated using a network simulator ns-3 based test environment. Results show the framework is capable of fully recovering from the outage in terms of accessibility and coverage. In addition, the cell edge reference signal received power is recovered by 45%, thereby significantly improving the network performance once the outage is detected.
A quantitative framework for automated pre-execution thread selection (2003)

Pre-execution attacks cache misses for which address prediction driven prefetching fails. In pre-execution, copies of cache miss computations are isolated from the main program and launched as separate threads called p-threads whenever the processor anticipates an upcoming miss. P-thread selection is the task of deciding what computations should execute as p-threads and when they should be launched such that total execution time is minimized. It is central to the success of pre-execution. We introduce a framework for automated static p-thread selection, a static p-thread being one whose dynamic instances are repeatedly launched during the course of program execution. Our approach is to formalize the problem quantitatively and then apply standard techniques to solve it analytically. The framework has two novel components. The slice tree is a data structure that compactly represents a set of static p-threads and the relationships among them. Aggregate advantage is a formula that uses raw program statistics and computation structure to assign each candidate static p-thread a numeric score based on estimated latency tolerance and overhead aggregated over its expected dynamic executions. We use the framework to select p-threads that cover L2 misses and study its effectiveness under different conditions via detailed simulation. We measure the effect of constraining p-thread length, locally optimizing p-threads, using different program samples as a statistical basis for selection, and varying several machine parameters. Our framework responds to these changes in an intuitive way. We also validate that aggregate advantage correctly models actual pre-execution.
Promoter for the establishment of repressor synthesis in bacteriophage lambda. (1980)

Transcription of the lambda repressor gene (cI) is positively regulated by the phage-encoded proteins cII and cIII. We have isolated and characterized the 5'-terminal region of this RNA and shown that it originates at a promoter (pE) located between genes cro and cII. The DNA sequence of this promoter shows little homology to other known promoters. Initiation of transcription from PE is abolished by the cis-dominant mutations cY; these mutations alter the "-10" and "-35" regions of the promoter. We propose that the "-35" region is the site of activation of PE, possibly via the direct interaction of protein cII.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α‐Arylpropenoic Acids Catalyzed by Rhodium(I) Complexes of Chiral Ligands Derived from Some Monosaccharides. (1989)

Abstract The prochiral precursors (V) or (VII) of (+)‐ketoprofen (VI) or (+)‐naproxen (VIII) are hydrogenated in the presence of various Rh(I) complexes of chiral diphenylphosphines and diphenylphosphinites such as (I)‐(IV).
Optical loss analysis of monolithic perovskite/Si tandem solar cell (2015)

Coupling perovskite and silicon solar cells in a tandem configuration is considered an attractive method to increase conversion efficiency beyond the single-junction Shockley-Queisser limit. While a mechanically-stacked perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell has been demonstrated, a method to electrically couple perovskite and silicon solar cell in a monolithic configuration has not been demonstrated. In this contribution, we design and demonstrate a working monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell, enabled by a silicon tunnel junction, with a VOC of 1.58 V. We further discuss possible efficiency loss mechanisms and mitigation strategies.
CENTRIFUGAL FLUIDIZATION: EFFECTS OF PARTICLE DENSITY AND SIZE DISTRIBUTION (1980)

Based on the model of the centrifugal fluidized bed as a homogeneous viscous rotating fluid, the equation for conservation of momentum in the tangential direction is solved to obtain expressions for bed pressure drop and the radial variations of tangential velocity within the bed region. Comparisons with available data on bed pressure drop indicate that the fluidized bed rotates as a rigid body. Experimental data are also presented on minimum fluidization velocity and bed pressure drop with different particle densities and size distributions, verifying the validity of the available models for packed bed and fluidized bed pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocity in a centrifugal fluidized system.
The Exchange Network: An Architecture for the Negotiation of Non-Repudiable Token Exchanges (2019)

Many use cases coming out of initiatives such as Industry 4.0 and Ubiquitous Computing require that systems be able to cooperate by negotiating about and agreeing on the exchange of arbitrary values. While solutions able to facilitate such negotiation exist, they tend to either be domain-specific or lack mechanisms for non-repudiation, which make them unfit for the heterogeneity and scale of many compelling applications. In this paper, we present the Exchange Network, a general-purpose and implementation-independent architecture for digital negotiation and non-repudiable exchanges of tokens, which are symbolic representations of arbitrary values. We consider the implications of implementing the architecture in three different ways, using a common database, a blockchain, and our own Signature Chain data structure, which we also describe. We demonstrate the feasibility of the architecture by outlining our own implementation of it and also describe a supply-chain scenario inspired by one transportation process at Volvo Trucks.
Coastal Atlas Interoperability (2011)

This chapter defines the coastal web atlases interoperability problem, introduces interoperability standards, and describes the development of a semantic mediator prototype to provide a common access point to coastal data, maps and information from distributed coastal web atlases. The prototype showcases how ontologies and ontology mappings can be used to integrate different heterogeneous and autonomous atlases (or information systems), using international standards such as ISO-19139 for metadata encoding and the Open Geospatial Consortium’s Catalogue Service for the Web specification. Lessons learned from this prototype will help build regional atlases and improve decision support systems as part of a new International Coastal Atlas Network (ICAN).Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
CCDC 2115897: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2022)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Donor-acceptor-substituierte Anionen und Kationen im Cyclopentadienyl-System (1985)

Ein Cyclopentadienyl-Anion 1 – formal aromatisch – und ein Cyclopentadienyl kation 3 – formal antiaromatisch – lassen sich aus dem donor-acceptor-substituierten Cyclopentadien 2 erzeugen. 1 und 3 (als K⊕ - bzw. BF-Salz) sind ähnlich stabil und interessieren unter anderem im Hinblick auf die synthese von Farbstoffen und organischen Metallen (über neue Fulvene und Fulvalene).
Evaluation on multiple layer PBO-based Cu RDL process for Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP) (2016)

Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP) was proposed and introduced due its advantages in cost reduction [1] and enhanced packaging capabilities. However, there are still many challenges relating to yield loss and manufacturability [1],[2],[3]. In addition, there is also an increasing demand for the Cu Redistribution Layer (RDL) to achieve finer resolution with higher thickness. In this evaluation, we increased the metallization density, to study if the resistance is lowered, in accordance to the changes. In this study, we shall discuss on the minimum feature size resolution, PR and plated contours. Process issues including PBO delamination is discussed. Test vehicles are fabricated employing Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP) technology with 3 layers of Polybenzoxazole (PBO)-based, Cu RDL then assembled on a PCB test board for brief reliability evaluation. A schematic illustrating the entire fabrication flow using FOWLP approach is as given in Figure. 1.