gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal conductivity in the stripe-ordered phase of cuprates and nickelates (2003)

The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity \ensuremath{\kappa} and the resistivity \ensuremath{\rho} have been measured on well-characterized crystals ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.60\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ $(x=0.12,$ 0.15, and 0.20), ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4+\ensuremath{\delta}},$ and ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{NiO}}_{4}$ $(x=0,$ 0.33, 0.50). In ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4+\ensuremath{\delta}},$ the phonon component of $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ decreases sharply with increasing \ensuremath{\delta}. The charge ordering at ${T}_{\mathrm{CO}}$ in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.67}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.33}{\mathrm{NiO}}_{4}$ enhances $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T).$ Similarly in the ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.60\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ system, ordering of the mobile holes into stripes within the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ sheets on cooling through a low-temperature tetragonal/orthorhombic (LTT/LTO) transition at ${T}_{t}$ gives a jump \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\kappa} in $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T).$ In contrast to a previous report on ceramic samples, the superconductive crystals $x=0.15$ and 0.20 of the ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.60\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ system show a clear low-temperature peak in the normal state $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ below ${T}_{t}$ that shows phonons are the dominant carriers of heat in the LTT phase. Restoring phonons in the LTT phase is thus seen to be compatible with superconductivity in the copper oxides, albeit with a lower ${T}_{c}$ than is found in the LTO phase where the phonon component of $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ is suppressed in the normal state by the bond-length fluctuations.
Deletion of immunomodulatory genes as a novel approach to oncolytic vaccinia virus development (2021)

Vaccinia virus (VV) has emerged as a promising platform for oncolytic virotherapy. Many clinical VV candidates, such as the double-deleted VV, vvDD, are engineered with deletions that enhance viral tumor selectivity based on cellular proliferation rates. An alternative approach is to exploit the dampened interferon-based innate immune responses of tumor cells by deleting one of the many VV immunomodulatory genes expressed to dismantle the antiviral response. We hypothesized that such a VV mutant would be attenuated in non-tumor cells but retain the ability to effectively propagate in and kill tumor cells, yielding a tumor-selective oncolytic VV with significant anti-tumor potency. In this study, we demonstrated that VVs with a deletion in one of several VV immunomodulatory genes (N1L, K1L, K3L, A46R, or A52R) have similar or improved <i>in vitro</i> replication, spread, and cytotoxicity in colon and ovarian cancer cells compared to vvDD. These deletion mutants are tumor selective, and the best performing candidates (ΔK1L, ΔA46R, and ΔA52R VV) are associated with significant improvement in survival, as well as immunomodulation, within the tumor environment. Overall, we show that exploiting the diminished antiviral responses in tumors serves as an effective strategy for generating tumor-selective and potent oncolytic VVs, with important implications in future oncolytic virus (OV) design.
Photo-inactivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae : A paradigm changing approach for combating antibiotic-resistant gonococcal infection (2018)

ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative pathogen of the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea, a disease at risk of becoming untreatable due to increasing antibiotic resistance. There is a critical need for the development of new anti-gonococcal therapies. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of antimicrobial blue light (aBL), an innovative non-antibiotic approach, for the inactivation of antibiotic-resistant N . gonorrhoeae . Our findings indicated that aBL at 405 nm preferentially inactivated antibiotic-resistant N. gonorrhoeae over the vaginal epithelial cells. Furthermore, no genotoxicity of aBL to the vaginal epithelial cells was observed at the exposure for inactivating N. gonorrhoeae . aBL also effectively inactivated N. gonorrhoeae that had invaded into the vaginal epithelial cells. No gonococcal resistance to aBL developed after 15 successive cycles of sub-therapeutic inactivation. Endogenous aBL-active photosensitizing chromophores (porphyrins and flavins) in N. gonorrhoeae were identified and quantified using ultra performance liquid chromatography, with coproporphyrin being the most abundant endogenous porphyrin species. Taken together, aBL at 405 nm represents a potent potential treatment for gonococcal infections. One Sentence Summary aBL selectively inactivated antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeaen over normal vaginal epithelial cells.
Laser-induced speckle scatter patterns in Bacillus colonies (2014)

Label-free bacterial colony phenotyping technology called BARDOT (Bacterial Rapid Detection using Optical scattering Technology) provided successful classification of several different bacteria at the genus, species, and serovar level. Recent experiments with colonies of Bacillus species provided strikingly different characteristics of elastic light scatter (ELS) patterns, which were comprised of random speckles compared to other bacteria, which are dominated by concentric rings and spokes. Since this laser-based optical sensor interrogates the whole volume of the colony, 3-D information of micro- and macro-structures are all encoded in the far-field scatter patterns. Here, we present a theoretical model explaining the underlying mechanism of the speckle formation by the colonies from Bacillus species. Except for Bacillus polymyxa, all Bacillus spp. produced random bright spots on the imaging plane, which presumably dependent on the cellular and molecular organization and content within the colony. Our scatter model-based analysis revealed that colony spread resulting in variable surface roughness can modify the wavefront of the scatter field. As the center diameter of the Bacillus spp. colony grew from 500 to 900 μm, average speckles area decreased two-fold and the number of small speckles increased seven-fold. In conclusion, as Bacillus colony grows, the average speckle size in the scatter pattern decreases and the number of smaller speckle increases due to the swarming growth characteristics of bacteria within the colony.
Performance driven synthesis for pass-transistor logic (1999)

For many digital designs, implementation in pass-transistor logic (PTL) has been shown to be superior in terms of area, timing, and power characteristics to static CMOS. Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) have been used for PTL synthesis because of the close relationship between BDDs and PTL. Thus far BDD optimization for PTL synthesis has targeted minimizing the number of BDD nodes. This strategy leads to smaller PTL implementations, but it can result in circuits of poor performance. In this paper we model the delay of PTL circuits derived from BDDs, and propose procedures to reduce the worst-case delay or the area-delay product of such circuits. The experimental results show a significant improvement in the delay (30%) or area-delay product (24%) for the ISCAS benchmark circuits.
Two-Qubit State Tomography Using a Joint Dispersive Readout (2009)

Quantum state tomography is an important tool in quantum information science for complete characterization of multiqubit states and their correlations. Here we report a method to perform a joint simultaneous readout of two superconducting qubits dispersively coupled to the same mode of a microwave transmission line resonator. The nonlinear dependence of the resonator transmission on the qubit state dependent cavity frequency allows us to extract the full two-qubit correlations without the need for single-shot readout of individual qubits. We employ standard tomographic techniques to reconstruct the density matrix of two-qubit quantum states.
Modified Direct Insertion/Cancellation Method Based Sample Rate Conversion for Software Defined Radio (2008)

In this paper, a new fractional sample rate conversion (SRC) scheme based on a direct insertion/cancellation scheme is proposed. This scheme is suitable for signals that are sampled at a high sample rate and converted to a lower sample rate. The direct insertion/cancellation scheme may achieve low-complexity and lower power consumption as compared to the other SRC techniques. However, the direct insertion/cancellation technique suffers from large aliasing and distortion. The aliasing from an adjacent channel interferes the desired signal and degrades the performance. Therefore, a modified direct insertion/cancellation scheme is proposed in order to realize high performance resampling.
Syntheses of Colloidal F:In 2 O 3 Cubes: Fluorine-Induced Faceting and Infrared Plasmonic Response (2019)

Cube-shaped nanocrystals (NCs) of conventional metals like gold and silver generally exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible region with spectral modes determined by their faceted shapes. However, faceted NCs exhibiting LSPR response in the infrared (IR) region are relatively rare. Here, we describe the colloidal synthesis of nanoscale fluorine-doped indium oxide (F:In2O3) cubes with LSPR response in the IR region, wherein fluorine was found to both direct the cubic morphology and act as an aliovalent dopant. Single-crystalline 160 nm F:In2O3 cubes terminated by (100) facets and concave cubes were synthesized using a colloidal heat-up method. The presence of fluorine was found to impart higher stabilization to the (100) facets through density functional theory calculations that evaluated the energetics of F-substitution at surface oxygen sites. These calculations suggest that the cubic morphology results from surface binding of F atoms. In addition, fluorine acts as an anionic aliovalent dopant in the cubic bixbyite lattice of In2O3, introducing a high concentration of free electrons leading to LSPR. We confirmed the presence of lattice fluorine dopants in these cubes using solid-state 19F and 115In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The cubes exhibit narrow, shape-dependent multimodal LSPR extinction peaks due to corner- and edge-centered modes. The spatial origin of these different contributions to the spectral response is directly visualized by electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope.
TAK1 protein kinase activity is required for TLR signalling and cytokine production in myeloid cells (2022)

A conditional knock-in mouse was generated in which the TAK1 catalytic subunit was largely replaced by the kinase-inactive TAK1[D175A] mutant in immune cells. The activation of p38α MAP kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 and 2 (JNK1/2) and the canonical IKK complex induced by stimulation with several TLR-activating ligands was reduced in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from TAK1[D175A] mice. TLR signalling in TAK1[D175A] BMDM was catalysed by the residual wild-type TAK1 in these cells because it was abolished by either of two structurally unrelated TAK1 inhibitors (NG25 and 5Z-7-oxozeaenol) whose off-target effects do not overlap. The secretion of inflammatory mediators and production of the mRNAs encoding these cytokines induced by TLR ligation was greatly reduced in peritoneal neutrophils or BMDM from TAK1[D175A] mice. The Pam3CSK4- or LPS-stimulated activation of MAP kinases and the canonical IKK complex, as well as cytokine secretion, was also abolished in TAK1 knock-out human THP1 monocytes or macrophages. The results establish that TAK1 protein kinase activity is required for TLR-dependent signalling and cytokine secretion in myeloid cells from mice. We discuss possible reasons why other investigators, studying myeloid mice with a conditional knock-out of TAK1 or a different conditional kinase-inactive knock-in of TAK1, reported TAK1 to be a negative regulator of LPS-signalling and cytokine production in mouse macrophages and neutrophils.
Dual-Battery Enabled Profit Driven User Association in Green Heterogeneous Cellular Networks (2018)

With awareness of the potential harmful effects to the environment and climate change, on-grid brown energy consumption of information and communications technology (ICT) has drawn much attention. Cellular base stations (BSs) are among the major energy guzzlers in ICT, and their contributions to the global carbon emissions increase sustainedly. It is essential to leverage green energy to power BSs to reduce their on-grid brown energy consumption. However, in order to furthest save on-grid brown energy and decrease the on-grid brown energy electricity expenses, most existing green energy related works only pursue to maximize the green energy utilization, while compromising the services received by the mobile users. In reality, dissatisfaction of services may eventually lead to loss of market shares and profits of the network providers. In this paper, we propose a dual-battery enabled profit driven user association scheme by jointly considering the traffic delivery latency and green energy utilization to maximize the profits for the network providers in heterogeneous cellular networks. Since this profit driven user association optimization problem is NP-hard, we further propose some heuristics to solve the problem with low computational complexity. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm has been validated through extensive simulations.
Myristoylated Alanine-rich C Kinase Substrate-mediated Neurotensin Release via Protein Kinase C-δ Downstream of the Rho/ROK Pathway (2004)

Myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) is a cellular substrate for protein kinase C (PKC). Recently, we have shown that PKC isoforms-alpha and -delta, as well as the Rho/Rho kinase (ROK) pathway, play a role in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-mediated secretion of the gut peptide neurotensin (NT) in the BON human endocrine cell line. Here, we demonstrate that activation of MARCKS protein is important for PMA- and bombesin (BBS)-mediated NT secretion in BON cells. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) to MARCKS significantly inhibited, whereas overexpression of wild-type MARCKS significantly increased PMA-mediated NT secretion. Endogenous MARCKS and green fluorescent protein-tagged wild-type MARCKS were translocated from membrane to cytosol upon PMA treatment, further confirming MARCKS activation. MARCKS phosphorylation was inhibited by PKC-delta siRNA, ROKalpha siRNA, and C3 toxin (a Rho protein inhibitor), suggesting that the PKC-delta and the Rho/ROK pathways are necessary for MARCKS activation. The phosphorylation of PKC-delta was inhibited by C3 toxin, demonstrating that the role of MARCKS in NT secretion was regulated by PKC-delta downstream of the Rho/ROK pathway. BON cell clones stably transfected with the receptor for gastrin releasing peptide, a physiologic stimulant of NT, and treated with BBS, the amphibian equivalent of gastrin releasing peptide, demonstrated a similar MARCKS phosphorylation as noted with PMA. BBS-mediated NT secretion was attenuated by MARCKS siRNA. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for novel signaling pathways, including the sequential regulation of MARCKS activity by Rho/ROK and PKC-delta proteins, in stimulated gut peptide secretion.
Direct-write electron-beam lithography of an IR antenna-coupled microbolometer onto the surface of a hemispherical lens (2006)

This article describes a method for performing direct-write lithography of an IR antenna-coupled microbolometer onto the surface of a hemispherical lens. Antennas on a dielectric half-space receive power more efficiently from the substrate side than from the air side. The use of a hemispherical lens facilitates reception through the substrate as well as elimination of trapped surface waves that would normally occur in the substrate. Using direct-write lithography onto the surface of the hemispherical lens eliminates the potential of an air gap between the antenna and lens. Additionally, the accuracy of alignment between the antenna and the center of the lens is controlled at the lithographic step. As a result, there is increased responsivity is observed in the antenna-coupled microbolometer when illuminated from the substrate-side compared to air-side illumination.
LTE broadcast and supplemental downlink enablers for exploiting novel service and business opportunities in the flexible use of the uhf broadcasting spectrum (2016)

This article reviews technology and business enablers for future flexible use concepts of the UHF broadcasting spectrum (470-790 MHz) by digital terrestrial TV and MBB. Flexible use of the UHF band aims to increase the efficiency of spectrum use in delivering fast-growing and converging mobile broadband, media, and TV content to meet changing consumer needs. Enabling technical factors are presented, and potential services are compared in order to identify similarities and differences in possible business model designs and scaling factors for developing successfully deployable services and regulatory concepts. The results indicate that several services meet basic requirements to scale, leveraging key existing assets and capabilities of LTE technologies and the business ecosystem while extending current business models beyond connectivity. Regulation and standardization forums can utilize the developed use case and service scenarios in analyzing the future of UHF spectrum and LTE broadcasting evolution. Furthermore, the flexible use concept has the potential to transform the business ecosystem around both BC and MBB by introducing new convergence opportunities for LTE's development toward 5G.
Implementation issues of the partial CoMP concept (2010)

Cooperative multi point transmission (CoMP) is the topic of different investigations regarding LTE-advanced networks to fulfill future capacity requirements by mitigating inter cell interference. If joint transmission is performed by several sectors to their assigned UEs, the interference within this cooperation area (CA) is suppressed completely, but still existent between different CAs. An user centric assignment counters that inter CA interference, but is hard to realize because of the low probability to find a group of UEs with an identical set of strongest sectors. The so called `partial CoMP' (pCoMP) framework circumvents this limitation and is presented in this article with focus on intra CA interference. Dependencies between different parameters of pCoMP and the resulting intra CA interference show a trade off between needed system resources and remaining interference. System level simulations regarding intra and inter CA interference yield gains similar to scenarios using user centric assignment, but with a penetration rate of more than 90% of all users.
Genomic and Phenotypic Variation in Morphogenetic Networks of Two Candida albicans Isolates Subtends Their Different Pathogenic Potential (2018)

The transition from commensalism to pathogenicity of <i>Candida albicans</i> reflects both the host inability to mount specific immune responses and the microorganism's dimorphic switch efficiency. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing and microarray analysis to investigate the genomic determinants of the phenotypic changes observed in two <i>C. albicans</i> clinical isolates (YL1 and YQ2). <i>In vitro</i> experiments employing epithelial, microglial, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were thus used to evaluate <i>C. albicans</i> isolates interaction with first line host defenses, measuring adhesion, susceptibility to phagocytosis, and induction of secretory responses. Moreover, a murine model of peritoneal infection was used to compare the <i>in vivo</i> pathogenic potential of the two isolates. Genome sequence and gene expression analysis of <i>C. albicans</i> YL1 and YQ2 showed significant changes in cellular pathways involved in environmental stress response, adhesion, filamentous growth, invasiveness, and dimorphic transition. This was in accordance with the observed marked phenotypic differences in biofilm production, dimorphic switch efficiency, cell adhesion, invasion, and survival to phagocyte-mediated host defenses. The mutations in key regulators of the hyphal growth pathway in the more virulent strain corresponded to an overall greater number of budding yeast cells released. Compared to YQ2, YL1 consistently showed enhanced pathogenic potential, since <i>in vitro</i>, it was less susceptible to ingestion by phagocytic cells and more efficient in invading epithelial cells, while <i>in vivo</i> YL1 was more effective than YQ2 in recruiting inflammatory cells, eliciting IL-1β response and eluding phagocytic cells. Overall, these results indicate an unexpected isolate-specific variation in pathways important for host invasion and colonization, showing how the genetic background of <i>C. albicans</i> may greatly affect its behavior both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Based on this approach, we propose that the co-occurrence of changes in sequence and expression in genes and pathways driving dimorphic transition and pathogenicity reflects a selective balance between traits favoring dissemination of the pathogen and traits involved in host defense evasion. This study highlights the importance of investigating strain-level, rather than species level, differences, when determining fungal-host interactions and defining commensal or pathogen behavior.
Complexation control of pericyclic reactions: supramolecular effects on the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexation control of pericyclic reactions: supramolecular effects on the intramolecular Diels-Alder reactionSimon C. Hirst and Andrew D. HamiltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 1, 382–383Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00001a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00001a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts