gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations Of The Synergy Of Composite Cycle And Intercooled Recuperation (2018)

The synergistic combination of two promising engine architectures for future aero engines is presented. The first is the Composite Cycle Engine, which introduces a piston system in the high pressure part of the core engine, to utilize closed volume combustion and high temperature capability due to instationary operation. The second is the Intercooled Recuperated engine that employs recuperators to utilize waste heat from the core engine exhaust, and intercooler to improve temperature levels for recuperation and to reduce compression work. Combinations of both architectures are presented and investigated for improvement potential with respect to specific fuel consumption, engine weight and fuel burn against a turbofan. The Composite Cycle alone provides a 15.6% fuel burn reduction against a turbofan. Options for adding intercooler were screened, and a benefit of up to 1.9% fuel burn could be shown for installation in front of piston system through a significant, efficiency-neutral weight decrease. Waste heat can be utilized by means of classic recuperation to the entire core mass flow before the combustor, or alternatively on the turbine cooling bleed or a piston engine bypass flow that is mixed again with the main flow before the combustor. As further permutation, waste heat can be recovered either after the low pressure turbine - with or without sequential combustion - or between the high pressure and low pressure turbine. Waste heat recovery after the low pressure turbine was found to be not easily feasible or tied to high fuel burn penalties due to unfavourable temperature levels, even when using sequential combustion or intercooling. Feasible temperature levels could be obtained with inter-turbine waste heat recovery, but always resulted in at least 0.3% higher fuel burn compared to the non-recuperated baseline under the given assumptions. Consequently, only the application of an intercooler appears to provide a considerable benefit for the examined thermodynamic conditions in the low fidelity analyses of various engine architecture combinations with the specific heat exchanger design. Since the obtained drawbacks of some waste heat utilization concepts are small, innovative waste heat management concepts coupled with the further extension of the design space and the inclusion of higher fidelity models may achieve a benefit and motivate future investigations.
mRNA: A Versatile Molecule for Cancer Vaccines (2016)

mRNA vaccines are finally ready to assume their rightful place at the forefront of nucleic acid- based vaccines. Major achievements within the last two decades have turned this highly versatile molecule into a safe and very attractive pharmaceutical platform that combines many positive attributes able to address a broad range of diseases, including cancer. The simplicity of mRNA vaccines greatly reduces complications generally associated with the production of biological vaccines. Intrinsic costimulatory and inflammatory triggers in addition to the provision of the antigenic information makes mRNA an all- in-one molecule that does not need additional adjuvants and that does not pose the risk of genomic integration. Clinical studies in various cancer types are moving forward and promising results with favorable clinical outcome are awaited. This review will recapitulate conceptual, mechanistic and immune-related features of this highly versatile molecule, elucidate how these features have been addressed in the past, and how comprehensive understanding can foster further optimization for broad application possibilities in cancer treatment.
Exploring System Combination approaches for Indo-Aryan MT Systems (2014)

Karan Singla, Anupam Singh, Nishkarsh Shastri, Megha Jhunjhunwala, Srinivas Bangalore, Dipti Misra Sharma. Proceedings of the EMNLP’2014 Workshop on Language Technology for Closely Related Languages and Language Variants. 2014.
Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye (2011)

Accurate And Simple Evaluation Of Vascular Anastomoses In Monochorionic Placenta Using Colored Dye - Video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles. JoVE is the world-leading producer and provider of science videos with the mission to improve scientific research, scientific journals, and education. Millions of scientists, educators and students at thousands of universities, colleges, hospitals and biopharmaceutical companies worldwide use JoVE for their research, teaching and learning.
The Design Method of the Hyperbola Profile in the Impeller Meridional Plane of Engine Water Pump (2012)

At present, the profile in the impeller axial plane of the engine water pump is designed by using the method of the projection on the axial plane, which needs repeat calculation and plentiful and complicated works. The profile in the impeller axial plane is designed by the design method of the hyperbola profile according to the principle of the angle flow which follows liquid flow law. This way provides a simple and available method for the engineers that embark on the impeller design. It can avoid the complication of conventional way and save large amount of manpower and funds. The model is built by CAD and analyzed by CFD. The result shows that the reversed flows and the secondary flows are evidently reduced. At the same time, the experiment verified that the head and efficiency of the pump are improved distinctly.
The structure of 2 EF-hand calcium binding allergen Che a 3 (2004)

Hydrophobins are small proteins, about 100 amino acid residues in size, secreted by filamentous fungi. They are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues in the sequence and their ability to change the character of a surface by spontaneous self-assembly on a hydrophobic-hydrophilic interface. Hydrophobins are also among the most surface-active biomolecules known. The biological properties of hydrophobins have been studied widely but the molecular bases of their function has remained largely unknown in lack of a three-dimensional structural model.
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-zoapatanol (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-zoapatanolK. C. Nicolaou, D. A. Claremon, and W. E. BarnetteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 21, 6611–6612Publication Date (Print):October 8, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00541a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00541a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1079Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
[P4–408]: A MONOCLONAL ANTI‐OLIGOMER IGM CROSSES THE BBB AND PRODUCES COGNITIVE RESCUE BY LOWERING OLIGOMERIC FORMS OF BOTH TAU AND Aβ IN AN AD ANIMAL MODEL (2017)

We have previously produced six families of stable pentameric IgM monoclonals with reactivity to β-sheet secondary structure common to pathologic oligomeric forms in neurodegenerative diseases. We have now tested one of the monoclonals GW-23B7, in aged 3xTg AD animals with extensive preexisting tau and Aβ pathology. Four groups of 16 months old 3xTg AD animals were used for the preclinical trial. Two groups were inoculated i.p. with 150 μg/animal of GW-23B7 or sterile saline vehicle alone and sacrificed at 6, 24 and 48 hours post-infusion for kinetic studies. The other two groups were inoculated i.p. weekly for two months with 100 μg/animal of GW-23B7 or saline vehicle alone. The animals then underwent locomotor and cognitive testing followed by the brains being harvested for immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis. The first two groups demonstrated that the pentameric IgM GW-23B7 penetrated the blood brain barrier (BBB), with a concentration peak in the brain homogenate at 24 hours post-infusion. The animals infused with GW-23B7 for two months showed significant cognitive rescue compare to controls on the radial arm maze, which correlated with a significantly lower oligomeric forms of tau and Aβ in the soluble portion of brain homogenates. For the first time it was shown that a stable pentameric IgM monoclonal GW-23B7 could penetrate the BBB without losing activity and act on soluble pathological oligomeric forms of both tau and Aβ. No adverse effects were noticed. As GW-23B7 does not bind fibrillary Aβ deposits, complications such as ARIA would be much less likely. The GW-23B7 could be an excellent candidate to be humanized for clinical trials in human AD for the specific targeting of both Aβ and tau oligomers.
Verifying commitment based business protocols and their compositions: model checking using promela and spin (2006)

A protocol-oriented approach of modeling and enacting business processes and workflows has been developed recently that offers advantages in terms of supporting the autonomy and heterogeneity of business partners and the reconfigurability of their process. Importantly, protocols are described using commitments, map to the individual computation of the participating roles, and can be composed to yield more complex protocols. However, verifying that the protocols, especially composed protocols, fully satisfy appropriate correctness properties remains an open problem. 
This dissertation presents a novel way to model business protocols in terms of commitments involved and the constraints for protocol composition. The correct composition of a business process can be expressed via individual protocol definitions and their composition constraints, thereby enabling the verification of large processes. Importantly, as part of the verification process, protocols are translated into the language Promela, which makes them amenable to analysis and verification using the model checker Spin. As a result many important properties of business protocols and their compositions into partial and full workflows can be verified, and improved protocols can be produced. 
The contribution of this dissertation is in providing a generalized mechanism for modeling commitments, formulating and verifying properties related to commitments. In fact, the results are applicable to a wide range of processes and related protocols, such as scientific discovery processes and workflows.
Nanopatterning with optical saturable transitions of photochromic molecules (2012)

Here, we report on a method that resolves nanoscale patterns by exploiting the transitions of organic photochromic derivatives induced by their photoisomerization at low light intensities. Optically saturating such transitions enable patterning of features below the Abbé diffraction limit. We call this novel method Patterning via Optical Saturable Transformations (POST). In addition to its high resolution, POST has the potential for high throughput and low overall cost.
One-Step Formation of Pharmaceuticals Having a Phenylacetic Acid Core Using Water Microdroplets (2023)

The properties of water microdroplets strikingly differ from bulk water. Using room-temperature water microdroplets, we find that toluene can react with CO<sub>2</sub> to form phenylacetic acid in one step without any catalyst with negative high voltage applied at the sprayer source. The chemical components of these microdroplets are identified by mass spectrometry, and product structures are confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. In this manner, we generate three drug molecules in a single step: 4-aminophenylacetic acid (epithelial peptide transporter PepT1 inhibitor), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (dopamine metabolite neurotransmitter), and phenylacetic acid (sodium salt form; treatment of urea cycle disorder). Mechanistic studies show that benzyl radicals formed from hydroxyl radicals at the water microdroplet interface drive these carboxylation reactions. This water microdroplet chemistry is general, allowing activation and subsequent carboxylation of aryl α-C-H groups.
Black phosphorus mediated photoporation: a broad absorption nanoplatform for intracellular delivery of macromolecules (2021)

Nanoparticle-sensitized photoporation for intracellular delivery of external compounds usually relies on the use of spherical gold nanoparticles as sensitizing nanoparticles. As they need stimulation with visible laser light, they are less suited for transfection of cells in thick biological tissues. In this work, we have explored black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) as alternative sensitizing nanoparticles for photoporation with a broad and uniform absorption spectrum from the visible to the near infra-red (NIR) range. We demonstrate that BPQD sensitized photoporation allows efficient intracellular delivery of both siRNA (>80%) and mRNA (>40%) in adherent cells as well as in suspension cells. Cell viability remained high (>80%) irrespective of whether irradiation was performed with visible (532 nm) or near infrared (800 nm) pulsed laser light. Finally, as a proof of concept, we used BPQD sensitized photoporation to deliver macromolecules in cells with thick phantom tissue in the optical path. NIR laser irradiation resulted in only 1.3× reduction in delivery efficiency as compared to photoporation without the phantom gel, while with visible laser light the delivery efficiency was reduced 2×.
Hybrid phased array for improved internal auditory canal imaging at 3.0‐T MR (2002)

This hybrid array combined with three-dimensional fast spin-echo (FSE) acquisition resulted in improved high spatial resolution IAC imaging.
Computational Characterization of Small Molecules Binding to the Human XPF Active Site and Virtual Screening to Identify Potential New DNA Repair Inhibitors Targeting the ERCC1-XPF Endonuclease (2018)

The DNA excision repair protein ERCC-1-DNA repair endonuclease XPF (ERCC1-XPF) is a heterodimeric endonuclease essential for the nucleotide excision repair (NER) DNA repair pathway. Although its activity is required to maintain genome integrity in healthy cells, ERCC1-XPF can counteract the effect of DNA-damaging therapies such as platinum-based chemotherapy in cancer cells. Therefore, a promising approach to enhance the effect of these therapies is to combine their use with small molecules, which can inhibit the repair mechanisms in cancer cells. Currently, there are no structures available for the catalytic site of the human ERCC1-XPF, which performs the metal-mediated cleavage of a DNA damaged strand at 5&prime;. We adopted a homology modeling strategy to build a structural model of the human XPF nuclease domain which contained the active site and to extract dominant conformations of the domain using molecular dynamics simulations followed by clustering of the trajectory. We investigated the binding modes of known small molecule inhibitors targeting the active site to build a pharmacophore model. We then performed a virtual screening of the ZINC Is Not Commercial 15 (ZINC15) database to identify new ERCC1-XPF endonuclease inhibitors. Our work provides structural insights regarding the binding mode of small molecules targeting the ERCC1-XPF active site that can be used to rationally optimize such compounds. We also propose a set of new potential DNA repair inhibitors to be considered for combination cancer therapy strategies.
Biotechnology (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Spintronics birefringence with an extended molecular loop-wire or spiral coupling (2005)

A ring with spin-orbit effects coupled to a conducting wire is shown to exhibit a phase delay which is spin dependent. The key is that the coupling of the ring to the wire is over an extended spatial range and not just along a single point; this breaks the symmetry and makes the ring states couple differently to forward and backward moving wire states. This results, for properly injected spin states, in a spin-flipping probability which is dependent on the energy of the injected electron and can therefore be easily controlled. Several systems are presented and shown to exhibit this effect including the basic ring which couples to a wire as well as a ring which mediates between two wires, and a spiral between two wires.
EFFECT OF GRANULOCYTES ON PLATELET AGGREGATION (1999)

Society Of Critical Care Medicine 29Th Educational And Scientific Symposium; Orlando, Florida, Usa; February 11-15, 2000: Poster Presentations
Effects of sea surface winds on marine aerosols characteristics and impacts on longwave radiative forcing over the Arabian Sea (2008)

Abstract. Collocated measurements of spectral aerosol optical depths (AODs), total and BC mass concentrations, and number size distributions of near surface aerosols, along with sea surface winds, made onboard a scientific cruise over southeastern Arabian Sea, are used to delineate the effects of changes in the wind speed on aerosol properties and its implication on the shortwave and longwave radiative forcing. The results indicated that an increase in the sea-surface wind speed from calm to moderate (&lt;1 to 8 m s−1) values results in a selective increase of the particle concentrations in the size range 0.5 to 5 μm, leading to significant changes in the size distribution, increase in the mass concentration, decrease in the BC mass fraction, a remarkable increase in AODs in the near infrared and a flattening of the AOD spectrum. The consequent increase in the longwave direct radiative forcing almost entirely offsets the corresponding increase in the short wave direct radiative forcing (or even overcompensates) at the top of the atmosphere; while the surface forcing is offset by about 50%.
Genotype phenotype correlation in achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia (1998)

Recent studies of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene have established that achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia are allelic disorders of different mutations. To determine whether the genotype could be distinguished on the basis of the phenotype, we analysed height, arm span, and skeletal radiographs from 23 patients with achondroplasia and the G380R mutation of FGFR3 and eight with hypochondroplasia and the N540K mutation. Both conditions share the classical pathological features of micromelic short stature, reduced or unchanged interpedicular distances in the lumbar spine, disproportionately long fibulae, and squared and shortened pelvic ilia. These were significantly more severe in the G380R patients than in the N540K patients. Our findings have shown a firm statistical correlation between the genotype and the phenotype, although there were a few exceptional cases in which there was phenotypic overlap between the two conditions.
EAP-Based Keying for IP Mobility Protocols (2007)

EAP [1] is increasingly used for network access authentication in
various networks. Also, key generating EAP methods are being adopted
in various systems for the purposes of cryptographic protection
between an EAP peer and an enforcement point in the network. Key
generating EAP methods produce an MSK and an EMSK in accordance with
[1]. The MSK is meant for use by the EAP lower layer at the peer and
the authenticator and is used differently by various lower layers. The
EMSK hierarchy is defined in [2]. The EMSK hierarchy is meant to be
extensible to derive keys for various usages. This document defines
the key hierarchy and key derivations for using the EMSK hierarchy for
keying in IP mobility protocols.
Using swarming agents for scalable security in large network environments (2011)

The difficulty of securing computer infrastructures increases as they grow in size and complexity. Network-based security solutions such as IDS and firewalls cannot scale because of exponentially increasing computational costs inherent in detecting the rapidly growing number of threat signatures. Host-based solutions like virus scanners and IDS suffer similar issues that are compounded when enterprises try to monitor them in a centralized manner. Swarm-based autonomous agent systems like digital ants and artificial immune systems can provide a scalable security solution for large network environments. The digital ants approach offers a biologically inspired design where each ant in the virtual colony can detect atoms of evidence that may help identify a possible threat. By assembling the atomic evidences from different ant types the colony may detect the threat. This decentralized approach can require, on average, fewer computational resources than traditional centralized solutions; however there are limits to its scalability. This paper describes how dividing a large infrastructure into smaller, managed enclaves allows the digital ant framework to effectively operate in larger environments. Experimental results will show that using smaller enclaves allows for more consistent distribution of agents and results in faster response times.
Identification of the differential expressive tumor associated genes in rectal cancers by cDNA microarray (2007)

The up-regulated genes and down-regulated genes may be molecular markers of rectal cancer. The expression profiles can be used for classification of rectal cancer.