gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical System Decontamination at PWR Power Stations Biblis A and B by Advanced System Decontamination by Oxidizing Chemistry (ASDOC-D) Process Technology - 13081 (2013)

For chemical decontamination of PWR primary systems the so called ASDOC-D process has been developed and qualified at the German PWR power station Biblis. In comparison to other chemical decontamination processes ASDOC-D offers a number of advantages: - ASDOC-D does not require separate process equipment but is completely operated and controlled by the nuclear site installations. Feeding of chemical concentrates into the primary system is done by means of the site's dosing systems. Process control is performed by standard site instrumentation and analytics. - ASDOC-D safely prevents any formation and precipitation of insoluble constituents - Since ASDOC-D is operated without external equipment there is no need for installation of such equipment in high radioactive radiation surrounding. The radioactive exposure rate during process implementation and process performance may therefore be neglected in comparison to other chemical decontamination processes. - ASDOC-D does not require auxiliary hose connections which usually bear high leakage risk. The above mentioned technical advantages of ASDOC-D together with its cost-effectiveness gave rise to Biblis Power station to agree on testing ASDOC-D at the volume control system of PWR Biblis unit A. By involving the licensing authorities as well as expert examiners into this test ASDOC-D received the official more » qualification for primary system decontamination in German PWR. As a main outcome of the achieved results NIS received contracts for full primary system decontamination of both units Biblis A and B (each 1.200 MW) by end of 2012. (authors) « less
Compartment pressures of the leg following intramedullary fixation of the tibia. (1992)

A prospective study was performed to determine whether compartment pressures of the leg were affected by intramedullary fixation of the tibia. Ten of the 11 patients studied had surgery for acute diaphyseal fractures and 1 for tibial nonunion. Compartment pressures were measured immediately prior to the procedure and at 12 hours after the procedure. There was no difference between the preoperative and postoperative compartment pressures. Our data suggest that intramedullary stabilization of the tibia does not predictably increase compartment pressures.
KL-trä och limträ (2011)

Detta ar en studie som behandlar hur val kvaliten i tradet tas tillvara for sortimenten limtra och KL-tra. Limtra bestar av ett antal lameller som limmas samman med fibrerna i langdriktningen medan KL-tra ar en krysslimmad skiva som bestar av en mangd sammansatta lameller. Tra ar ett heterogent material som har skilda egenskaper beroende pa var och hur det vaxt. Genom att satta samman heterogena tralameller vill man skapa en homogenare produkt. Eftersom att produkterna anvands inom olika omraden kan man tanka sig att det gar att optimera anvandandet av ravaran till respektive produkt. Vi besokte foretaget Martinsons for att ta reda pa hur stor hansyn de tar till ravarans kvalite. Vi gjorde aven en GIS – analys pa var lamplig ravara finns for Martinsons produktion, detta i Robertsfors kommun. Den aspekt man tar mest hansyn till ar hallfastheten samt det visuella om produkten ska synas i en byggnation. Den framsta anledningen till att man tar liten hansyn till ravaran kvalite som kvistandel och fibrillvinkel ar att granravaran ar begransad i Vasterbotten och att det ar svart att kontrollera och sortera ravaran med avseende pa ursprung och skotsel. Resonemang har forts kring sortering, logistik, framtiden gallande hur ravaran kan tankas forandras samt framtiden for de bada sortimenten.
“Quick-Silver” from a Systematic Study of Highly Luminescent, Two-Coordinate, d10 Coinage Metal Complexes (2019)

A systematic study is presented on the physical and photophysical properties of isoelectronic and isostructural Cu, Ag, and Au complexes with a common amide (N-carbazolyl) and two different carbene ligands (i.e., CAAC = (5 R,6 S)-2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-6-isopropyl-3,3,9-trimethyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ylidene, MAC = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-keto-tetrahydropyridylidene). The crystal structures of the (carbene)M<sup>(I)</sup>(N-carbazolyl) (M<sup>CAAC</sup>) and (MAC)M<sup>(I)</sup>(N-carbazolyl) (M<sup>MAC</sup>) complexes show coplanar carbene and carbzole ligands and C-M-N bond angles of ∼180°. The electrochemical properties and energies for charge transfer (CT) absorption and emission compounds are not significantly affected by the choice of metal ion. All six of the (carbene)M(Cz) complexes examined here display high photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.8-1.0. The compounds have short emission lifetimes (τ = 0.33-2.8 μs) that fall in the order Ag < Au < Cu, with the lifetimes of (carbene)Ag(Cz) roughly a factor of 10 shorter than for (carbene)Cu(Cz) complexes. Detailed temperature-dependent photophysical measurements (5-325 K) were carried out to determine the singlet and triplet emission lifetimes (τ<sub>fl</sub> and τ<sub>ph</sub>, respectively) and the energy difference between the singlet and triplet excited state, Δ E<sub>S1-T1</sub>. The τ<sub>fl</sub> values range between 20 and 85 ns, and the τ<sub>ph</sub> values are in the 50-200 μs regime. The emission at room temperature is due exclusively to E-type delayed fluorescence or TADF (i.e., <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mover><mml:mrow><mml:mo>→</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>h</mml:mi><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> ). The emission rate at room temperature is fully governed by Δ E<sub>S1-T1</sub>, with the silver complexes giving Δ E<sub>S1-T1</sub> values of 150-180 cm<sup>-1</sup> (18-23 meV), whereas the gold and copper complexes give values of 570-590 cm<sup>-1</sup> (70-73 meV).
Anti-Estrogens Induce Apoptosis of Multiple Myeloma Cells (1998)

Previous studies have suggested that multiple myeloma (MM) cells express estrogen receptors (ER). In the present study, we characterized the effects of estrogen agonists and antagonists (anti-estrogens [AE]) on growth of MM cell lines and MM patient cells. In addition to antagonizing estrogen binding to ER, AE can trigger apoptosis. Hence, we also determined whether estrogens or AE altered MM cell survival. Immunoblotting showed that ER-alpha is expressed in 4 of 5 MM cell lines (ARH-77, RPMI 8226, S6B45, and U266, but not OCI-My-5 cells), as well as in freshly isolated MM cells from 3 of 3 patients. 17beta-estradiol (E2) did not significantly alter proliferation of MM cell lines or MM patient cells. In contrast, two structurally distinct AE, tamoxifen (TAM) and ICI 182,780 (ICI), significantly inhibited the proliferation of all 5 MM cell lines and MM cells from 2 of 2 patients (IC50, 2 to 4 micromol/L). Proliferation of these cell lines was also inhibited by the hydroxylated TAM derivative, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HTAM), although this derivative was less potent than TAM (IC50, 3 to 25 micromol/L). In contrast, the dehalogenated TAM derivative toremifene (TOR) did not inhibit MM cell proliferation. We next examined the effects of these agents on MM cell survival. TAM, ICI, and, to a lesser extent, 4HTAM and TOR triggered apoptosis in both ER-alpha-positive as well as ER-alpha-negative MM cell lines and patient MM cells, evidenced both by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis using propidium iodide staining and the TUNEL assay. TAM-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis of ER-alpha-positive S6B45 MM cells was not blocked by coculture with excess E2. TAM-induced apoptosis of S6B45 MM cells was also unaffected by addition of exogenous interleukin-6. Importantly, both the inhibition of MM cell proliferation and the induction of MM cell apoptosis were achieved at concentrations of TAM (0.5 and 5.0 micromol/L) that did not significantly alter in vitro growth of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Similar plasma levels of TAM have been achieved using high-dose oral TAM therapy, with an acceptable toxicity profile. These studies therefore provide the rationale for trials to define the utility of AE therapy in MM.
Comprehensive multi-omic testing from a single laboratory to provide information in ovarian cancer. (2023)

e15045 Background: Molecular profiling of ovarian tumors allows for personalized disease treatment but often requires testing from multiple laboratories. This study highlights results from a molecular testing pathway that reports on germline and tumor mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) to guide optimal treatment selection. Methods: Samples from a consecutive prospective cohort of ovarian cancer patients were collected and tested with an HRD companion diagnostic (CDx) test (FDA-approved) that assesses genomic instability score (GIS) via a 3-biomarker signature and tumor mutation screening using a 523-gene DNA and a 55-gene RNA panel to identify clinically actionable test results using Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) tiering. Some patients also received germline analysis via a 48-gene panel or a BRCA1/2 CDx. Clinical data (tumor stage and grade, histological subtype) were compared using logistic regression models. GIS distributions were compared using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Results: To date, results from 389 eligible patients have been analyzed. Table 1 shows the primary results of molecular testing. Tumor subtype analyses revealed that high-grade serous subtype was tested most frequently (66.1%). Some less-represented subtypes (e.g., carcinoscarcoma, mucinous) appeared to have GIS distributions like high-grade serous, while others generally have low GIS. GIS distributions were significantly different in high-grade (vs moderate and vs low-grade) and stage I (vs the similar stages II-IV) tumors. Tier 1A/B mutations were observed in 16.7% of tumors; 36.9% of those were non- BRCA pathogenic variants/mutations. Distributions of histological subtype and grade were significantly different between t BRCA+ and non- BRCA samples with other Tier 1A/B mutations. Mutations were observed in 9.0% of germline tests; tumor mutation testing identified all germline variants except for a PMS2 multi-exonic deletion. Conclusions: Multi-omic testing found ~30% of ovarian cancer patients received a clinically actionable test result (HRD was the most common) and ~90% of results conferred eligibility for clinical trials. Incorporation of germline testing and RNA analysis identified unique actionable findings. A single source for comprehensive testing combined with a single integrated report facilitates rapid testing, test interpretation, and treatment choice. [Table: see text]
In vitro metabolism, reaction phenotyping, enzyme kinetics, CYP inhibition and induction potential of ataluren (2020)

Ataluren promotes ribosomal readthrough of premature termination codons in mRNA which result from nonsense mutations. In vitro studies were performed to characterize the metabolism and enzyme kinetics of ataluren and its interaction potential with CYP enzymes. Incubation of [<sup>14</sup> C]-ataluren with human liver microsomes indicated that the major metabolic pathway for ataluren is via direct glucuronidation and that the drug is not metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP). Glucuronidation was also observed in the incubation in human intestinal and kidney microsomes, but not in human pulmonary microsomes. UGT1A9 was found to be the major uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) responsible for ataluren glucuronidation in the liver and kidney microsomes. Enzyme kinetic analysis of the formation of ataluren acyl glucuronide, performed in human liver, kidney, and intestinal microsomes and recombinant human UGT1A9, found that increasing bovine serum albumin (BSA) levels enhanced the glucuronidation Michaelis-Menten constant (K<sub>m</sub> ) and ataluren protein binding but had a minimal effect on maximum velocity (V<sub>max</sub> ) of glucuronidation. Due to the decreased unbound Michaelis-Menten constant (K<sub>m,u</sub> ), the ataluren unbound intrinsic clearance (CL<sub>int,u</sub> ) increased for all experimental systems and BSA concentrations. Human kidney microsomes were about 3.7-fold more active than human liver microsomes, in terms of CL<sub>int,u</sub> /mg protein, indicating that the kidney is also a key organ for the metabolism and disposition of ataluren in humans. Ataluren showed no or little potential to inhibit or induce most of the CYP enzymes.
Combining multitask and transfer learning with deep Gaussian processes for autotuning-based performance engineering (2023)

We combine deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) with multitask and transfer learning for the performance modeling and optimization of HPC applications. Deep Gaussian processes merge the uncertainty quantification advantage of Gaussian processes (GPs) with the predictive power of deep learning. Multitask and transfer learning allow for improved learning efficiency when several similar tasks are to be learned simultaneously and when previous learned models are sought to help in the learning of new tasks, respectively. A comparison with state-of-the-art autotuners shows the advantage of our approach on two application problems. In this article, we combine DGPs with multitask and transfer learning to allow for both an improved tuning of an application parameters on problems of interest but also the prediction of parameters on any potential problem the application might encounter.
Automated 3D Structure Inference of Civil Infrastructure Using a Stereo Camera Set (2011)

The commercial far-range (>10m) infrastructure spatial data collection methods are not completely automated. They need significant amount of manual post-processing work and in some cases, the equipment costs are significant. This paper presents a method that is the first step of a stereo videogrammetric framework and holds the promise to address these issues. Under this method, video streams are initially collected from a calibrated set of two video cameras. For each pair of simultaneous video frames, visual feature points are detected and their spatial coordinates are then computed. The result, in the form of a sparse 3D point cloud, is the basis for the next steps in the framework (i.e., camera motion estimation and dense 3D reconstruction). A set of data, collected from an ongoing infrastructure project, is used to show the merits of the method. Comparison with existing tools is also shown, to indicate the performance differences of the proposed method in the level of automation and the accuracy of results.
Cubic Fluorite-Type CaH2 with a Small Bandgap (2017)

A cubic variant of CaH<sub>2</sub> adopting a fluorite-type crystal structure was synthesized by cationic substitution with La or Y, yielding the first alkaline earth hydride-based with fluorite-type framework. The material has a bandgap of ∼2.5 eV (greenish yellow in color), which is much smaller than that of orthorhombic PbCl<sub>2</sub>-type CaH<sub>2</sub> (4.4 eV) and is, in fact, the smallest among alkaline or alkaline earth metal hydrides reported to date. Analysis of the density functional theory band structure of cubic-CaH<sub>2</sub> indicates that its conduction band minimum is formed mainly by the interaction between the Ca 3d e<sub>g</sub> orbitals around the crystallographic cavity defined by cubes of H<sup>-</sup> ions. The use of such cavities in the creation of low-lying conduction band minima by semiconductors is extremely rare, and has similarities to inorganic electrides.
Cover Feature: A Photoswitchable Solvatochromic Dye for Probing Membrane Ordering by RESOLFT Super‐resolution Microscopy (ChemPhysChem 12/2023) (2023)

The Cover Feature illustrates how photoswitchable solvatochromic fluorophores can be used to distinguish lipid membrane domains with different lipid ordering using super-resolution microscopy. More ordered membranes have lower water content than disordered membranes so by detecting solvatochromic fluorescence in multiple spectral regions, the lipid ordering in different parts of the membrane can be mapped. Cover design by Kathryn G. Leslie. More information can be found in the Research Article by Andrew T. Frawley, Christian Eggeling, Harry L. Anderson and co-workers.
Accurate Macromodeling Based on Tabulated Magnitude Frequency Responses (2008)

The paper introduces an approach for rational macromodeling based on magnitude frequency data. This is achieved by fitting the magnitude square function using vector fitting (VF) with symmetrical basis functions. The procedure is demonstrated to be more robust than a direct application of VF to the magnitude square function.
<title>Characterization of model polar stratospheric cloud films using laser-induced thermal desorption and optical interference techniques</title> (1994)

Optical interference techniques were used to measure the real index of refraction of nitric acid/ice films representative of type I and type II polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Possible candidates for type I PSCs include amorphous HNO<SUB>3</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O mixtures, as well as crystalline nitric acid trihydrate, dihydrate (NAD), and monohydrate (NAM). Amorphous and crystalline model PSC films were grown in vacuum by vapor deposition on single-crystal Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> substrates at low temperatures. The real indices of refraction at (lambda) equals632 nm were measured for these films using the time-dependent optical interference during film deposition. The stoichiometries of the HNO<SUB>3</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O films were determined using laser induced thermal desorption techniques. For the amorphous films at 130 K, the refractive indices increased with increasing nitric acid content. The values ranged from nequals1.31+/- 0.01 for pure ice to nequals1.47+/- 0.01 for nearly pure nitric acid. A Lorentz-Lorenz analysis was in good agreement with the measured refractive indices of the amorphous HNO<SUB>3</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O films as a function of HNO<SUB>3</SUB> mole fraction. Growth of HNO<SUB>3</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O films at 175 K resulted in the formation of either crystalline NAM or NAD. The crystalline indices were substantially higher than their amorphous analogs. The crystalline refractive indices at 175 K were in nequals1.52+/- 0.01 for NAD and nequals1.54+/- 0.01 for NAM.
Radical Polymerization of .alpha.-Methylenebenzocyclobutene, A Cyclic Analog of .alpha.-Methylstyrene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadical Polymerization of .alpha.-Methylenebenzocyclobutene, A Cyclic Analog of .alpha.-MethylstyreneKeisuke Chino, Toshikazu Takata, and Takeshi EndoCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 17, 5947–5950Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00121a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00121a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Emergent dynamics of adult stem cell lineages from single nucleus and single cell RNA-Seq of Drosophila testes (2023)

Proper differentiation of sperm from germline stem cells, essential for production of the next generation, requires dramatic changes in gene expression that drive remodeling of almost all cellular components, from chromatin to organelles to cell shape itself. Here, we provide a single nucleus and single cell RNA-seq resource covering all of spermatogenesis in <i>Drosophila</i> starting from in-depth analysis of adult testis single nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) data from the Fly Cell Atlas (FCA) study. With over 44,000 nuclei and 6000 cells analyzed, the data provide identification of rare cell types, mapping of intermediate steps in differentiation, and the potential to identify new factors impacting fertility or controlling differentiation of germline and supporting somatic cells. We justify assignment of key germline and somatic cell types using combinations of known markers, in situ hybridization, and analysis of extant protein traps. Comparison of single cell and single nucleus datasets proved particularly revealing of dynamic developmental transitions in germline differentiation. To complement the web-based portals for data analysis hosted by the FCA, we provide datasets compatible with commonly used software such as Seurat and Monocle. The foundation provided here will enable communities studying spermatogenesis to interrogate the datasets to identify candidate genes to test for function in vivo.
Strategy for the synthesis of multivalent peptide-based nonsymmetric dendrimers by native chemical ligation (2006)

A strategy for the synthesis of multivalent peptide-based nonsymmetric dendrimers by native chemical ligation using poly(lysine) dendritic wedges as scaffolds is presented.
Phase transitions of methane using molecular dynamics simulations (2006)

Using a short ranged Lennard-Jones interaction and a long ranged electrostatic potential, CH4 under high pressure was modeled. Molecular dynamics simulations on small clusters (108 and 256 molecules) were used to explore the phase diagram. Regarding phase transitions at different temperatures, our numerical findings are consistent with experimental results to a great degree. In addition, the hysteresis effect is displayed in our results.
Transplastomics in Arabidopsis: Progress Toward Developing an Efficient Method (2011)

Protocols developed for plastome engineering in Nicotiana tabacum rely on biolistic delivery of the transforming DNA to chloroplasts in intact leaf tissue; integration of the foreign DNA into the plastid genome by homologous recombination via flanking plastid DNA (ptDNA) targeting regions; and gradual dilution of non-transformed ptDNA during cultivation in vitro. Plastid transformation in Arabidopsis was obtained by combining the tobacco leaf transformation protocol with Arabidopsis-specific tissue culture and plant regeneration protocols. Because the leaf cells in Arabidopsis are polyploid, this protocol yielded sterile plants. Meristematic cells in a shoot apex or cells of a developing embryo are diploid. Therefore, we developed a regulated embryogenic root culture system that will generate diploid tissue for plastid transformation. This embryogenic culture system is created by steroid-inducible expression of the BABY BOOM transcription factor. Plastid transformation in Arabidopsis will enable the probing of plastid gene function, and the characterization of posttranscriptional mechanisms of gene regulation and the regulatory interactions of plastid and nuclear genes.