gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and characterization of amine terminated poly(arylene ether sulfone) modified epoxy-carbon fiber composites (1987)

Multifunctional epoxy resin networks were chemically modified with thermoplastic amine terminated poly(arylene ether sulfones) of controlled molecular weights. This system was then examined as both neat resin and as a matrix resin for carbon fiber composites. The neat resin displayed a significant increase in both fracture toughness and energy release rate values. This was attributed to the altered morphology, which could be varied from particles of polysulfone in an epoxy matrix to that of a quasi-continuous polysulfone phase.
An Efficient Boundary Element Method for Solution of 2-D Elastic Fields with Small Circular Inclusions. (1993)

In the conventional boundary element technique, all the boundaries of the body including those of inclusions must be discretized even when the inclusions are comparatively small. Therefore the size of the coefficient matrix of the resulting system of linear algebraic equations becomes quite large for a problem with many small inclusions. The authors have previously proposed an approach to circumvent the discretization of the boundaries of small inclusions for two-dimensional potential problems. In that approach the distribution of the potential over circular inclusions is approximated with a simple harmonic function with a small number of freedoms. In the present paper, this approach is extended to the small circular inclusions in two-dimensional elastostatic fields. The effectiveness of the present formulation is illustrated in several numerical examples.
A new data modulation method for multi-level optical recording (2005)

Previously, we developed a data detection method named DDPR (Data Detection using Pattern Recognition) for multi-level data recording on optical discs [I]. We have added a new data modulation process, LSB (Least Significant Bit) Limited Modulation (LLM), to DDPR in order to reduce data errors. The LLM modulates Il-bit input data into four eight-level data symbols (3 bits x 4 data = 12 bits) using a conversion table that converts three bits in the input data into four bits to be LSBs in the eight-level data. The experimental results showed that coupling LLM with DDPR was effective in reducing data errors.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine–Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (2021)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) stimulated the development of highly effective vaccines that were produced wi...
Microwave‐Promoted Suzuki Reactions of Aryl Chlorides in Aqueous Media. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
JanioS (2008)

The recent proliferation of portable devices with increasing computational power as well as the advent of new wireless network technologies has enabled the realization of the ubiquitous computing vision. The paradigm of ubiquitous computing raises new challenges and requirements, such as the need of applications to adapt in the face of context changes while providing a suitable level of security to the user. This paper presents JanioS, an implementation of a new version to a library that provides SSH tunnel connections (Secure Shell) between applications. JanioS will be part of Prometheus, a system for provision of a service for adaptive security target to ubiquitous environment. JanioS will be able to dynamically adapt security parameters, such as cryptographic and data compression algorithms, according to the current execution context.
Presence of ventricular dyssynchrony and haemodynamic impact of right ventricular pacing in adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot and right bundle branch block (2008)

Some TOF adults with RBBB exhibit biventricular electromechanical dyssynchrony. However, in symptomatic patients with RV dysfunction, atrio-synchronized RV pacing does not induce significant acute haemodynamic improvement.
Attention Word Embedding (2020)

Word embedding models learn semantically rich vector representations of words and are widely used to initialize natural processing language (NLP) models. The popular continuous bag-ofwords (CBOW) model of word2vec learns a vector embedding by masking a given word in a sentence and then using the other words as a context to predict it. A limitation of CBOW is that it equally weights the context words when making a prediction, which is inefficient, since some words have higher predictive value than others. We tackle this inefficiency by introducing the Attention Word Embedding (AWE) model, which integrates the attention mechanism into the CBOW model. We also propose AWE-S, which incorporates subword information. We demonstrate that AWE and AWE-S outperform the state-of-the-art word embedding models both on a variety of word similarity datasets and when used for initialization of NLP models.
Exterior moment method analysis of conducting scatterers by using the interior Green's function (1990)

A new method using a Green&apos;s function in the interior region of a conducting scatterer is proposed to obtain a mutual admittance matrix in an exterior moment method analysis. A numerical example of a two-dimensional magnetic strip source located on an exterior surface of a perfectly conducting rectangular cylinder shows the validity of the method.
Multiple length scale self‐organization in liquid crystalline block copolymers (1997)

Abstract A series of block copolymers were prepared consisting of a block of poly(styrene) and a block in which a mesogenic group was attached by polymer analogous chemistry to a flexible backbone. Two types of mesogenic groups which produced a range of mesophases were investigated: (i) an azobenzene mesogenic group and (ii) a semifluorinated group. Organization caused by liquid crystallinity and phase separation leads to simultaneous organization on a variety of length scales. Comparison of the ordering behavior of these two types of mesogenic groups and more conventional flexible chain diblocks are made.
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of controlled-release oxycodone* (1996)

Plasma concentrations of oxycodone, oxymorphone, and noroxycodone were determined after administration of 20 mg oral controlled-release oxycodone tablets to four subject groups: young (aged 21 to 45 years) men, elderly (aged 65 to 79 years) men, young women, and elderly women. Area under the oxycodone and noroxycodone concentration-time curve (AUC) values were comparable among the four groups. Compared with oxycodone, the oxymorphone AUC values were small, with significant differences between subject groups. AUC values were also calculated for the pharmacodynamic variable "drug effect," scored on a 100 mm visual analog scale. The two groups with the highest oxycodone AUC values (young and elderly women) had the lowest oxymorphone AUC values and the greatest drug effect AUC values. The two groups with the lowest oxycodone AUC values (young and elderly men) had the highest oxymorphone AUC values and the lowest drug effect AUC values. These results support oxycodone, and not oxymorphone, as being primarily responsible for pharmacodynamic and analgesic effects.
Quinine specifically inhibits the proteolipid subunit of the F0F1 H+ -ATPase of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1996)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is uniquely sensitive to quinine and its derivatives, but only those alkaloids having antimalarial properties, i.e., those in the erythro configuration, also possess antipneumococcal activity. Quinine and related compounds inhibit the pneumococcal H+ -ATPase. Quinine- and optochin-resistant pneumococci showed mutations that change amino acid residues located in one of the two transmembrane alpha-helices of the c subunit of the F0F1, H+ -ATPase.
GOAL (2003)

We introduce a load-balanced adaptive routing algorithm for torus networks, GOAL - Globally Oblivious Adaptive Locally - that provides high throughput on adversarial traffic patterns, matching or exceeding fully randomized routing and exceeding the worst-case performance of Chaos [2], RLB [14], and minimal routing [8] by more than 40%. GOAL also preserves locality to provide up to 4.6× the throughput of fully randomized routing [19] on local traffic. GOAL achieves global load balance by randomly choosing the direction to route in each dimension. Local load balance is then achieved by routing in the selected directions adaptively. We compare the throughput, latency, stability and hot-spot performance of GOAL to six previously published routing algorithms on six specific traffic patterns and 1,000 randomly generated permutations.
ChemInform Abstract: Free‐Radical Anellation in the Synthesis of Bicyclic β‐Lactams. Part 5. Synthesis of Carbapenams. (1987)

Abstract Radicalic cyclization of the allyl lactams (Ia) and (Ib) yields mixtures of the carbacephams (III) and (IV) or the carbapenams (VI), together with the dehalogenation compounds (V) or (VII).
Supplementary Figure 4 from Efficacy of Levo-1-Methyl Tryptophan and Dextro-1-Methyl Tryptophan in Reversing Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase–Mediated Arrest of T-Cell Proliferation in Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Efficacy of Levo-1-Methyl Tryptophan and Dextro-1-Methyl Tryptophan in Reversing Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase–Mediated Arrest of T-Cell Proliferation in Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Dynamics of group II chaperonin and prefoldin probed by 13C NMR spectroscopy (2007)

Group II chaperonin (CPN) cooperates with prefoldin (PFD), which forms a jellyfish-shaped heterohexameric complex with a molecular mass of 87 kDa. PFD captures an unfolded protein with the tentacles and transfers it to the cavity of CPN. Although X-ray crystal structures of CPN and PFD have been reported, no structural information has been so far available for the terminal regions of the PFD tentacles nor for the C-terminal segments of CPNs, which were regarded to be functionally significant in the previous studies. Here we report 13C NMR analyses on archaeal PFD, CPN, and their complex, focusing on those structurally uncharacterized regions. The PFD and CPN complexes selectively labeled with 13C at methionyl carbonyl carbons were separately and jointly subjected to NMR measurements. 13C NMR spectral data demonstrated that the N-terminal segment of the alpha and beta subunits of PFD as well as the C-terminal segments of the CPN hexadecamer retain significant degrees of freedom in internal motion even in the complex with a molecular mass of 1.1 MDa.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzylic Biooxidation of Various Toluenes to Aldehydes by Peroxidase. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Venous thromboembolism during preoperative chemotherapy in the CRITICS gastric cancer trial (2020)

High BMI and previous VTE were independent risk factors for VTE occurrence during preoperative chemotherapy in patients with resectable gastric cancer. VTE occurrence in the preoperative setting did not affect receipt of further treatment.
High resolution ultrafast imaging of microbubble destruction during sonoporation (2017)

Ultrasound-mediated drug delivery using microbubbles is a growing field with applications ranging from targeted chemotherapy delivery to permeating the blood brain barrier. However, the precise parameters that induce increased cellular permeability are not fully understood. For sonoporation efficiency, a high microbubble concentration is preferred, but acoustic shadowing limits the ultrasound delivery to the cells. Our hypothesis is that high-resolution ultrafast imaging will demonstrate the interaction of ultrasound with microbubbles during the sonoporation process to carefully control the ultrasound dose. This work has two aims: 1) to accurately image the ultrasound delivery to cells with high-resolution ultrafast imaging, and 2) to determine the dependence of microbubble concentration and acoustic environment on cavitation activity. This will lead to optimization of sonoporation.
Determination of Sulfite Ion by Using Microbial Sensor (1992)

Abstract Chemoautotrophic and aerobic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus TK-m, which has sulfite oxidation pathways, was used for the development of sulfite ion sensor. The sensor consists of an oxygen electrode and T.thioparus immobilized between two nitrocellulose membranes. Since T.thioparus could not be cultivated In the medium containing sulfite as sulfur source. T.thioparus grown in the thiosulfate containing mediun was used for the experiment. The selectivity for sulfite was gradually increased during the use as sulfite sensor. After 6 days, the response to thiosulfate became approximately 10% of that of sulfite. When the sensor was applied to the sulfite determination in batch system, calibration curve showed the linearity in the concentration range between 4 μM and 280 μM.
Broadband angular selectivity of light at the nanoscale: Progress, applications, and outlook (2016)

Humankind has long endeavored to control the propagation direction of light. Since time immemorial, shades, lenses, and mirrors have been used to control the flow of light. In modern society, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, the control of light is moving toward devices at micrometer and even nanometer scales. At such scales, traditional devices based on geometrical optics reach their fundamental diffraction limits and cease to work. Nano-photonics, on the other hand, has attracted wide attention from researchers, especially in the last decade, due to its ability to manipulate light at the nanoscale. This review focuses on the nano-photonics systems that aim to select light based on its propagation direction. In the first half of this review, we survey the literature and the current state of the art focused on enabling optical broadband angular selectivity. The mechanisms we review can be classified into three main categories: (i) microscale geometrical optics, (ii) multilayer birefringent materials, and (iii) Brewster modes in plasmonic systems, photonic crystals, and metamaterials. In the second half, we present two categories of potential applications for broadband angularly selective systems. The first category aims at enhancing the efficiency of solar energy harvesting, through photovoltaic process or solar thermal process. The second category aims at enhancing light extracting efficiency and detection sensitivity. Finally, we discuss the most prominent challenges in broadband angular selectivity and some prospects on how to solve these challenges.
Early Pregnancy Sex Steroids and Maternal Breast Cancer: A Nested Case–Control Study (2014)

Pregnancy, parity, and circulating steroid hormone levels are associated with risk of breast cancer, but little is known about hormone concentrations during pregnancy and subsequent breast cancer risk. We evaluated early pregnancy (<140 days gestation) serum estradiol, estrone, progesterone, and testosterone and breast cancer risk in a nested case-control study in the Finnish Maternity Cohort. The cohort includes 98% of pregnancies registered in Finland since 1983. Individuals with samples collected in the first pregnancy leading to a live birth were eligible. Breast cancer cases (n = 1,199) were identified through linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry; 2,281 matched controls were selected using incidence density sampling. ORs were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Hormone concentrations were not associated with breast cancer overall. Estradiol was positively associated with risk of breast cancer diagnosed age <40 [4th vs. 1st quartile OR 1.60 (1.07-2.39); Ptrend = 0.01], and inversely associated with breast cancer diagnosed at age ≥40 [4th vs. 1st quartile OR 0.71 (0.51-1.00); Ptrend = 0.02]. Elevated concentrations of the steroid hormones were associated with increased risk of estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PR)-negative tumors in women age <40 at diagnosis. We observed no association between steroid hormones and ER(+)/PR(+) disease. These data suggest a positive association between high concentrations of early pregnancy steroid hormones and risk of ER(-)/PR(-) breast cancer in women diagnosed age <40, and an inverse association for overall breast cancer diagnosed age ≥40. Further research on pregnancy hormones and risk of steroid receptor-negative cancers is needed to further characterize this association.
Aptamer‐basierte Affinitätsmarkierung von Proteinen (2012)

Vielseitig anwendbar ist die Aptamer-basierte Affinitätsmarkierung (ABAL) von Proteinen mit Aptameren. ABAL kann lichtabhängig zur hochspezifischen kovalenten vernetzenden Anbindung von Aptameren an ihre Zielstrukturen und für die Anreicherung von Aptamer/Protein-Komplexen in vitro, in Zelllysaten und auf der Oberfläche lebender Zellen eingesetzt werden und ebnet neue Wege zur Untersuchung von Aptamer-Wechselwirkungen in biologischen Kontexten. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dual feedback active damping method for grid-connected LCL filter resonance (2015)

This paper proposes a new active damping method for LCL filter resonance. The proposed method employs a dual feedback loop of the capacitor voltage and the grid current. Based on the proposed method, non-minimum phase behavior can be avoided over a wide range of resonant frequencies. Co-design procedures for both the active damping loops along with the fundamental current regulator are introduced. The proposed method is derived in continuous time domain as well as discussed in discrete form for digital implementation. The performance of the proposed method is verified numerically at different values of resonant frequency. Moreover, simulation work is presented to confirm the numerical results.
Dynamics of the transient buildup of emission in Nd/sup 3+/-doped fiber lasers (1991)

The two-stage process of the transient buildup of emission in Nd/sup 4+/-doped fiber lasers is described both experimentally and theoretically. After switching on the pump, spontaneous emission increases first until the gain becomes sufficient to compensate for the cavity losses; the laser field then develops and reaches the steady state after more or less regular oscillations. During this second stage, an almost chaotic spiking is obtained either for high pumping rates and/or at low temperatures. The whole set of these dynamical scenarios is not described under the usual assumptions of uniform cavity losses over the whole field spectrum and of pure homogeneous broadening for the transition line, but rather a modified form of the Maxwell-Bloch equations which retains some frequency dependence for the losses in the cavity and the inhomogeneous broadening as well is proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hardware Implementation of AES Using Area-Optimal Polynomials for Composite-Field Representation GF(2^4)^2 of GF(2^8) (2016)

This paper discusses the question of optimizing AES hardware designs, by using the composite field representation GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of the field GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> ), that underlies the definition of AES. Here, GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is the field extension of the ground field GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ) with an extension polynomial of the form x2 + αx + β, where a and β are elements of field GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ). Previous designs with such representations used α = 1, which seemingly leads to some obvious savings. By contrast, we seek the optimal designs among all the possibilities. Our designs are based on mapping the input, output, round keys, and the AES operations to and from any one of the 2880 possible representations of GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> ) as (2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . For each representation, we also explore three options for the affine/invaffine constants, resulting in a total of 8640 possible designs. We identify the smallest area representations for AES encryption-only, decryption-only, and for unified encryptiondecryption. Surprisingly, the optimal representations in each case are different from each other. In addition, we identify six distinct representations that are optimal, based on operating-mode and AES pipeline depth. Among other results, we show here a set of high-bandwidth 16-byte AES datapaths with the extension polynomials of the form x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> + αx + β where α ≠ 1, showing that the a-priori obvious choice of using α = 1, does not necessarily lead to the best result. We provide the full details of all the designs possibilities, together with their respective area, based on 22nm CMOS implementation.
Origin of multiplexing capabilities of multifrequency magnetic ratchets (2012)

Through a combination of theory, numerical simulation, and experiment, we investigate the motion of magnetic beads on the surface of a magnetic ratchet driven by multifrequency fields. Here, we focus on the influence of static forcing terms, which were not included in previous models, and we derive analytical models that show why the static forcing terms are responsible for inducing beads of two different sizes to move in opposite directions on the same ratchet potential. We begin our analysis with the simplest possible forcing model, and we show that the main effect of the static forcing terms is to delay the phase of flux reversal. From there, we move onto the full analysis and theoretically derive the phase range for which opposite motion among two different bead types is achieved. Based on these theoretical results, we conduct experimental investigations that explore the effects of bead size and static forcing coefficient on the direction of bead motion, which confirm most of the expected trends. These results shed light both on past experimental work both by ourselves and others, as well as elucidate the more general multiplexing capabilities of ratchets.