gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Focal Increases of Axoplasmic Ca2+, Aggregation of Sodium–Calcium Exchanger, N-type Ca2+Channel, and Actin Define the Sites of Spheroids in Axons Undergoing Oxidative Stress (2012)

Axonal spheroids occur as part of the pathology of a variety of neurologic diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger formation of spheroids, axonal severing, and Ca(2+) overload. The mechanisms by which ROS lead to the spheroid formation at specific axonal sites remain elusive. Here, using adult mouse primary neurons, we investigate the role of Ca(2+), its regulating systems, and cytoskeletal changes in formation of axonal spheroids triggered by ROS. The results reveal that dramatically higher axoplasmic Ca(2+) levels occur at the sites of axonal spheroids than in the rest of the axon. High focal axoplasmic Ca(2+) levels correlate with focal aggregation of the reverse Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1, voltage-gated N-type Ca(2+) channel α1B subunit, and actin at the sites of spheroids in individual axons. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of a spheroid formation at specific sites along axons undergoing oxidative stress and a basis for new neuroprotective strategies.
A critical role for both CD40 and VLA5 in angiotensin Il–mediated thrombosis and inflammation (2018)

Angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced hypertension is associated with accelerated thrombus formation in arterioles and leukocyte recruitment in venules. The mechanisms that underlie the prothrombotic and proinflammatory responses to chronic Ang-II administration remain poorly understood. We evaluated the role of CD40/CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling in Ang-II-mediated microvascular responses and assessed whether and how soluble CD40L (sCD40L) contributes to this response. Intravital video microscopy was performed to analyze leukocyte recruitment and dihydrorhodamine-123 oxidation in postcapillary venules. Thrombus formation in cremaster muscle arterioles was induced by using the light/dye endothelial cell injury model. Wild-type (WT), CD40<sup>-/-</sup>, and CD40L<sup>-/-</sup> mice received Ang-II for 14 d via osmotic minipumps. Some mice were treated with either recombinant sCD40L or the VLA5 (very late antigen 5; α5β1) antagonist, ATN-161. Our results demonstrate that CD40<sup>-/-</sup>, CD40L<sup>-/-</sup>, and WT mice that were treated with ATN-161 were protected against the thrombotic and inflammatory effects of Ang-II infusion. Infusion of sCD40L into CD40<sup>-/-</sup> or CD40L<sup>-/-</sup> mice restored the prothrombotic effect of Ang-II infusion. Mice that were treated with ATN-161 and infused with sCD40L were protected against accelerated thrombosis. Collectively, these novel findings suggest that the mechanisms that underlie Ang-II-dependent thrombotic and inflammatory responses link to the signaling of CD40L via both CD40 and VLA5.-Senchenkova, E. Y., Russell, J., Vital, S. A., Yildirim, A., Orr, A. W., Granger, D. N., Gavins, F. N. E. A critical role for both CD40 and VLA5 in angiotensin II-mediated thrombosis and inflammation.
Is Multichannel Access Useful for Timely Information Update? (2020)

This letter investigates information freshness of multichannel access in information update systems. Age of information (AoI) is a performance metric that characterizes information freshness. When multiple devices share the same wireless channel to send updates to a common receiver, an interesting question is whether dividing the whole channel into several subchannels will lead to better AoI performance. Given the same frequency band, dividing it into different numbers of subchannels leads to different transmission times and packet error rates (PER), thus affecting information freshness. We focus on a multichannel system where devices take turns to transmit with a cyclic schedule repeated over time. We derive the average AoI by estimating the PERs of short packets. We further examine bounded AoI, for which the instantaneous AoI is required to be below a threshold a large percentage of the time. Our results indicate that multichannel access can provide low average AoI and uniform bounded AoI simultaneously across different received powers.
A wideband compressive radio receiver (2010)

Compressive sensing (CS) is an alternative to Shannon/Nyquist sampling for the acquisition of sparse or compressible signals. Instead of taking periodic samples, CS measures inner products with M random vectors, where M is much smaller than the number of Nyquist-rate samples. The implications of CS are promising for many applications and enable the design of new kinds of analog-to-digital converters, imaging systems, and sensor networks. In this paper, we propose and study a wideband compressive radio receiver (WCRR) architecture that can efficiently acquire and track FM and other narrowband signals that live within a wide frequency bandwidth. The receiver operates below the Nyquist rate and has much lower complexity than either a traditional sampling system or CS recovery system. Our methods differ from most standard approaches to the problem of CS recovery in that we do not assume that the signals of interest are confined to a discrete set of frequencies, and we do not rely on traditional recovery methods such as l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -minimization. Instead, we develop a simple detection system that identifies the support of the narrowband FM signals and then applies compressive filtering techniques based on discrete prolate spheroidal sequences to cancel interference and isolate the signals. Lastly, a compressive phase-locked loop (PLL) directly recovers the FM message signals.
Recent Advances in Magnetron Phase Locking: Effects of Frequency Chirps and Locking of Multiple Magnetrons (2007)

Summary form only given. Phase-locking is utilized today in many important applications, ranging from small scale devices such as cardiac pacemakers to large scale devices such as radar. We have recently developed a magnetron-specific model to qualitatively explain the various regimes observed in magnetron injection-locking experiments, which utilize two continuous wave magnetrons: one functions as an oscillator and the other as a driver. We have applied this model to study injection locking when the driver has a frequency chirp. The model has also recently been extended to analyze peer-to-peer locking of two magnetrons of comparable powers and frequencies. The feasibility of locking will be explored in terms of the variations in these parameters of the individual magnetrons, as well as the degree of coupling among them. Locking of a larger number of such magnetrons will be explored. A preliminary experiment is being conducted on the peer-to-peer locking of two commercial KW magnetrons.
DPSK Error Correction using Multi-Bit Detection for Enhanced Sensitivity and Compensation of Impairments (2007)

We demonstrate a novel, multiple-bit DPSK detection scheme, capable of correcting isolated bit errors using simple logic gates, without an increase in the transmission rate. Simulations predict a 0.4 dB back-back gain, 0.85 dB in the presence of 1 radian of nonlinear phase noise, and further increased gains in the presence of receiver impairments. A 2 dB OSNR gain is realized experimentally at a BER of le-3 using this error correction scheme.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 11 from AG-221, a First-in-Class Therapy Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia Harboring Oncogenic <i>IDH2</i> Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Synthesis and pharmacokinetic characterization of AG-221. Supplementary Figure 2. Biochemical attributes of AG-221. Supplementary Figure 3. Biochemistry of AG-221 with respect to substrate and cofactor. Supplementary Figure 4. TF-1 IDH2R140Q cells treated with AG-221. Supplementary Figure 5. AG-221 can reverse the block in EPO-induced differentiation caused by the expression of IDH2R140Q in the TF-1 erythroleukemia cell line. Supplementary Figure 6. Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of AG-221 in IDH2R140Qmutant U87MG xenograft tumor-bearing mice. Supplementary Figure 7. AG-221 does not affect intrinsic hematological parameters or body weight. Supplementary Figure 8. AG-221 strongly reduces the number of human IDH2R140Q blasts in the liver and spleen in AML-1, AML-2, and AML-3. Supplementary Figure 9. Flow cytometry analyses of bone marrow-derived hCD45+ cells in primary human AML xenograft models. Supplementary Figure 10. Affinity of the IDH2R140Q homodimer for NADPH. Supplementary Figure 11. Electron density map diagrams for bound ligands for IDH2R140Q co-complex structures determined by X-ray crystallography.&lt;/p&gt;
Uzaktan eğitime yönelik anlamsal soru cevap sistemi (2014)

Uzaktan eğitim ve e - öğrenme sistemleri web teknolojilerinin gelişimi ve artan eğitim ihtiyacı nedeniyle günden güne daha popü ler hale gelmektedir. Yazılım çözümlerinin sahip olduğu kararlı yapısından ötürü insan kaynaklı çözümlerden daha kararlı olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Uzaktan eğitim sistemleri ve e - öğrenme portalları web tabanlı iletişimin avantajlarından faydalanarak bilgi edinmede zaman limitini ortadan kaldırmaktadır. E - öğrenme ve uzaktan eğitim sistemlerinin geleneksel eğitime göre en önemli avantajı sorulara cevap alma kolaylığıdır. Bu sistemler zamandan ve mekandan bağımsız olarak öğrenme olanağı sunmaktadır. Mümkün old uğunca çok sayıda soruyu cevaplayabilmek ve kısıtlı insangücü yerine yazılım sistemlerinden faydalanarak DBpedia ontolojisi üzerinden so ru cevaplayan bir sistem sunmaktayız. Önerilen yaklaşım esnek bir mimariye sahip olduğundan çeşitli alanlarla ilgili dah a özel (spesifik) cevaplar sunabilmek için alanlara özel bilgi bankalarıyla kolaylıkla entegre edilebilir. Geliştirilen sistemde semantik veri ambarları üzerinden sorgulama yapabilmek için doğal dil soruları uygun SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Lang uage) sorgularına dönüştürülmektedir. Sorulan tüm sorular cevaplarıyla birlikte aynı soruların tekrar sorulması halinde sistemin performansını artırmak için veritabanında saklanmaktadır. Kullanıcı kayıt mekanizması ile öğrenciler sistem üzerindeki soru geç mişlerini sonuçlarıyla beraber görebilmektedir. Uzaktan eğitim ve e - öğrenme sistemleri tarafından kullanılan birçok soru cevap sistemi sadece öntanımlı soruları cevaplayabilmektedir. Geliştirilen ontoloji temelli yaklaşımda ise insangücüne gerek duyulmadan daha fazla sayıda soru cevaplanabilmektedir. Bu yaklaşımla aynı zamanda sistemin geliştirilmesi ve bakımı için gerekli olan insangücü minimize edilmektedir. Bir doğal dil sorusu cevapları aynı olmasına rağmen çok farklı biçimlerde sorulabilmektedir. Gelen eksel soru cevap sistemleri bu çeşitliliği ayırt edebilmek için soruların tüm formlarıyla beraber tanımlanmasına ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Fakat ge liştirilen sistem semantik ve dilbilimsel çözümlemeler kullandığından ötürü tüm bu çeşitlilikleri kendiliğinden al gılayabilmektedir. Sistemin görme engelli öğrenciler tarafından da kullanılabilmesi için sesli arama ve cevap seslendirme seçenekleri de sunulmaktadır. B unun yanında bu yaklaşım diğer kullanıcılar için soru cevap sürecini kolaylaştırmakta ve hızlandırmakt adır. Sonuçlar ve elde edindiğimiz tecrübeler, geliştirilen sistemin geleneksel soru cevap sistemlerine göre daha performanslı ve daha kolay sürdürülebilir bir sistem olduğunu göstermektedir.
Architecture of a Single-Chip 50 Gb/s DP-QPSK/BPSK Transceiver With Electronic Dispersion Compensation for Coherent Optical Channels (2014)

The architecture of a single-chip dual-polarization QPSK/BPSK 50 Gigabits per second (Gb/s) DSP-based transceiver for coherent optical communications is presented. The receiver compensates the chromatic dispersion (CD) of more than 3,500 km of standard single-mode fiber using a frequency-domain equalizer. A time-domain four-dimensional MIMO transversal equalizer compensates up to 200 ps of differential group delay (DGD) and 8000 ps <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of second-order polarization-mode dispersion (SOPMD). Other key DSP functions of the receiver include carrier and timing recovery, automatic gain control, channel diagnostics, etc. A novel low-latency parallel-processing carrier recovery implementation which is robust in the presence of laser phase noise and frequency jitter is proposed. The chip integrates the transmitter, receiver, framer and host interface functions and features a 4-channel 25 Gs/s 6-bit ADC with a figure of merit (FOM) of 0.4 pJ/conversion. Each ADC channel is based on an 8-way interleaved flash architecture. The DSP uses a 16-way parallel processing architecture. Extensive measurement results are presented which confirm the design targets. Measured optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) penalty when compensating 200 ps DGD and 8000 ps <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is 0.1 dB, while OSNR penalty when compensating 55 ns/nm CD (corresponding to 3,500 km of standard single-mode fiber) is 0.5 dB.
Single Cell Analysis for Quantitative Systems Biology (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Misleading Bulk Experiments Common Techniques for High-Throughput and High-Content Single Cell Analysis Improved Functionality for High-Throughput Single Cell Analysis Example Studies Enabled by Microfluidic Cell Arrays Conclusions and Future Directions Acknowledgements References
A single metrology tool solution for complete exposure tool setup (2010)

Numerous metrology tools, techniques and methods are used by the industry to setup and qualify exposure tools for production. Traditionally, different metrology techniques and tools have been used to setup dose, focus and overlay optimally and they do so independently. The methods used can be cumbersome, have the potential to interfere with each other and some even require an unacceptable amount of costly exposure tool time for data acquisition. In this work, we present a method that uses an advanced angle-resolved scatterometry metrology tool that has the capability to measure both CD and overlay. By using a technique to de-convolve dose and focus based on the profile measurement of a well characterized process monitor target, we show that the dose and focus signature of a high NA 193nm immersion scanner can be effectively measured and corrected. A similar approach was also taken to address overlay errors using the diffraction based overlay capability of our metrology tool. We demonstrate the advantage of having a single metrology tool solution, which enables us to reduce dose, focus and overlay signatures to a minimum.
Cardiac CINE imaging with IDEAL water‐fat separation and steady‐state free precession (2005)

Multicoil IDEAL-SSFP imaging can produce high quality CINE cardiac images with uniform water-fat separation, insensitive to Bo inhomogeneities. This approach provides a new method for reliable fat-suppression in cardiac imaging.
High-Speed Single-Particle Tracking of GM1 in Model Membranes Reveals Anomalous Diffusion due to Interleaflet Coupling and Molecular Pinning (2014)

The biological functions of the cell membrane are influenced by the mobility of its constituents, which are thought to be strongly affected by nanoscale structure and organization. Interactions with the actin cytoskeleton have been proposed as a potential mechanism with the control of mobility imparted through transmembrane "pickets" or GPI-anchored lipid nanodomains. This hypothesis is based on observations of molecular mobility using various methods, although many of these lack the spatiotemporal resolution required to fully capture all the details of the interaction dynamics. In addition, the validity of certain experimental approaches, particularly single-particle tracking, has been questioned due to a number of potential experimental artifacts. Here, we use interferometric scattering microscopy to track molecules labeled with 20-40 nm scattering gold beads with simultaneous <2 nm spatial and 20 μs temporal precision to investigate the existence and mechanistic origin of anomalous diffusion in bilayer membranes. We use supported lipid bilayers as a model system and demonstrate that the label does not influence time-dependent diffusion in the small particle limit (≤40 nm). By tracking the motion of the ganglioside lipid GM1 bound to the cholera toxin B subunit for different substrates and lipid tail properties, we show that molecular pinning and interleaflet coupling between lipid tail domains on a nanoscopic scale suffice to induce transient immobilization and thereby anomalous subdiffusion on the millisecond time scale.
The STELLAR trial protocol: a prospective multicentre trial for Richter’s syndrome consisting of a randomised trial investigation CHOP-R with or without acalabrutinib for newly diagnosed RS and a single-arm platform study for evaluation of novel agents in relapsed disease (2019)

EudraCT: 2017-004401-40 , registered on the 31-Oct-2017. IRSCTN: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN52839057 , registered on the 04-Mar-2019. ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT03899337 , registered on 02-April-2019.
A Web-based Framework for Compressed 3D Objects: Downloading and Rendering (2012)

This paper is focused on proofing the concept of a web based receiver to download, decode and render 3D objects. It demonstrates the effectiveness in performances when compressed 3D objects are used. It also enlightens the advantages for downloading and rendering in web browsers at different compression environments. It revealed that web-based receiver was useful for downloading, decoding and rendering 3D objects. Downloading time of compressed and uncompressed files was dependent on internet speed while decoding time upon client processing power. The 3D compressed objects took less download/decoding time as compared to 3D uncompressed download time at low (512 Kbps) internet speed. At 2 Mbps, time was not dependent to file sizes. At 10 Mbps, the process was amazingly inversed as times taken by compressed files were more than uncompressed files. This performance evaluation confirmed effectiveness of using compressed 3D objects over uncompressed ones at low speed. The work can also be extended for dynamic 3D objects and animations in future.
A 16 nm FinFET Heterogeneous Nona-Core SoC Supporting ISO26262 ASIL B Standard (2016)

It is getting mandatory to comply with ISO26262 in the recent automotive development. The implementation of safety mechanism to detect faults is one of the keys in ISO26262. The fault prediction will make the automotive system more reliable. The SoC in this paper introduces two features: hardware built-in self-test (BIST) for safety mechanism supporting automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) B and killer-droop monitor for fault prediction. In addition, time slicing is introduced to the testing with hardware BIST during runtime so that each test session can be shorter than the required interrupt response time in the application. The killer-droop monitor can predict the voltage droop and stop the clock supply for a certain period of time to mitigate the droop for preventing delay faults on the SoC. The monitor samples the voltage based on time-to-digital converter at CPU operation clock and predicts the voltage from the history of sampled voltage. With that prediction feature, the minimum operation voltage can be improved by 50 mV at 2.02 GHz CPU operation, and the maximum frequency can be improved by 140 MHz under 0.82 V power supply in 16 nm process.
X-ray Structure of Plasmepsin II Complexed with a Potent Achiral Inhibitor (2005)

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum degrades host cell hemoglobin inside an acidic food vacuole during the blood stage of the infectious cycle. A number of aspartic proteinases called plasmepsins (PMs) have been identified to play important roles in this degradation process and therefore generated significant interest as new antimalarial targets. Several x-ray structures of PMII have been described previously, but thus far, structure-guided drug design has been hampered by the fact that only inhibitors comprising a statine moiety or derivatives thereof have been published. Our drug discovery efforts to find innovative, cheap, and easily synthesized inhibitors against aspartic proteinases yielded some highly potent non-peptidic achiral inhibitors. A highly resolved (1.6 A) x-ray structure of PMII is presented, featuring a potent achiral inhibitor in an unprecedented orientation, contacting the catalytic aspartates indirectly via the "catalytic" water. Major side chain rearrangements in the active site occur, which open up a new pocket and allow a new binding mode of the inhibitor. Moreover, a second inhibitor molecule could be located unambiguously in the active site of PMII. These newly obtained structural insights will further guide our attempts to improve compound properties eventually leading to the identification of molecules suitable as antimalarial drugs.
System identification method for Ultrasonic Intake Air Flow Meter for engine test bed applications (2012)

In this paper a novel system identification method, developed for the needs of an Ultrasonic Intake Air Flow Meter (AVL FLOWSONIX™ Air (FSA)) for engine test bed applications is presented. An intake air flow meter must provide high measurement accuracy (1% of reading) and stable long-term performance over the extended measurement range of (1∶80). Thus, the required accuracy and stability of the measured flow velocity must be better than 0.05 (m/s). The reachable accuracy is strongly influenced by the group delay of the ultrasonic sensors, being a component of the total measured transit time. The goal of this work was the development of an identification method of the actual group delay of the ultrasonic sensors, executable during the regular flow measurement. For this purpose, at first a theoretical investigation of the achievable system accuracy, based on the Cramer-Rao lower bound, has been performed. Further, an approach for system identification based on the fitting of the system response function with a band-pass filter model of the 4-th order has been proposed. Special attention has been given here to the selection of a correct filter model and input parameters of the fitting procedure. A maximum length sequence has been used as the carrier signal. Finally, the proposed approach has been proven by a series of short and long-term zero flow measurements, which have shown the improvement of the accuracy of the flow measurement by at least a factor of 10.
Testing in Semiconductor Devices and ICs (2001)

Transmission line pulsing (TLP) is a useful technique to characterize electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in semiconductor devices. The pulse waveforms generated by a typical TLP setup, however, are often distorted and oscillatory. In this paper, a new and simple experimental setup is developed to improve the shape of the TLP waveforms and thus to increase the effectiveness of the TLP technique. Experimental results obtained from the conventional and improved setups are presented and compared.