gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Tumor-Specific Inhibition of <i>In Situ</i> Vaccination by Distant Untreated Tumor Sites (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;In situ&lt;/i&gt; vaccination is an emerging cancer treatment strategy that uses local therapies to stimulate a systemic antitumor immune response. We previously reported an &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; vaccination effect when combining radiation (RT) with intratumor (IT) injection of tumor-specific immunocytokine (IC), a fusion of tumor-specific antibody and IL2 cytokine. In mice bearing two tumors, we initially hypothesized that delivering RT plus IT-IC to the “primary” tumor would induce a systemic antitumor response causing regression of the “secondary” tumor. To test this, mice bearing one or two syngeneic murine tumors of B78 melanoma and/or Panc02 pancreatic cancer were treated with combined external beam RT and IT-IC to the designated “primary” tumor only. Primary and secondary tumor response as well as animal survival were monitored. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were used to quantify tumor infiltration with regulatory T cells (Treg). Transgenic “DEREG” mice or IgG2a anti–CTLA-4 were used to transiently deplete tumor Tregs. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, we observed that the presence of an untreated secondary tumor antagonized the therapeutic effect of RT + IT-IC delivered to the primary tumor. We observed reciprocal tumor specificity for this effect, which was circumvented if all tumors received RT or by transient depletion of Tregs. Primary tumor treatment with RT + IT-IC together with systemic administration of Treg-depleting anti–CTLA-4 resulted in a renewed &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; vaccination effect. Our findings show that untreated tumors can exert a tumor-specific, Treg-dependent, suppressive effect on the efficacy of &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; vaccination and demonstrate clinically viable approaches to overcome this effect. Untreated tumor sites antagonize the systemic and local antitumor immune response to an &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; vaccination regimen. This effect is radiation sensitive and may be mediated by tumor-specific regulatory T cells harbored in the untreated tumor sites. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 6(7); 825–34. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine/valproate combination induces cytotoxic T-cell response against mesothelioma (2011)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumour with a limited response to conventional therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-azaCdR), and two histone deacetylase inhibitors, valproic acid (VPA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). Human mesothelioma cells were treated with each epigenetic drug, either alone or in combinations. The cytotoxic effects on treated cells and the expression of specific tumour antigens were evaluated. The recognition of treated cells by a specific CD8+ T-cell clone was also measured. Additionally, the effect of combined treatments was tested in a murine model of mesothelioma. We showed that VPA and SAHA synergised with 5-azaCdR to kill MPM cells and induce tumour antigen expression in the remaining living tumour cells. As a consequence, tumour cells expressing these antigens were recognised and lysed by specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. In vivo, treatment with 5-azaCdR/VPA inhibited tumour growth, and promoted lymphocyte infiltration and an immune response against tumour cells. Appropriate epigenetic drug combinations, in addition to inducing mesothelioma cell death, also affect the immunogenic status of these cells. This property could be exploited in clinical investigations to develop MPM treatments combining chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic approaches.
Characterizing fluidic seals for on-board reagent delivery (2013)

The reagent delivery mechanism in a point-of-care, HIV diagnostic, microfluidic device is studied. Reagents held in an aluminum blister pack are released on the opening of a fluidic seal. The fluidic seals, controlling the flow of reagents, are characterized to reduce anomalies in the desired flow pattern. The findings of this research can be divided into three categories – 1) bonding phenomenon 2) influence of seal pattern on flow and rupture mechanics and 3) process parameters which minimize flow anomalies. Four seal patterns – line hemisphere, line flat, chevron hemisphere and chevron flat were created and tested for reagent delivery using a flow sensor and a force gauge. Experiments suggest that one of the patterns – line-flat – inducted the fewest flow anomalies. A parameter scoping exercise of the seal manufacturing process parameters (temperature, time, pressure) was performed for the line flat seal. Temperature, time, pressure / gap and distance settings which minimize flow anomalies were found.
Strength of ultrananocrystalline diamond controlled by friction of buried interfaces (2012)

The following text amendments should be made for clarification: In the left column at the bottom of page 2, the sentence 'Since the fraction of GB atoms scales approximately linearly with the grain diameter d ,...' should be changed into 'Since the fraction of GB atoms scales approximately linearly with the inverse of the grain diameter d ,...' In the left column on page 7, the second sentence 'It is because H passivation leads to a replacement of strong interfacial C–C bonds with weaker C–H bonds...' should be changed into 'It is because H passivation of C atoms leads to a reduction of the number of strong interfacial C–C bonds...'
Taking handheld devices to the next level (2004)

Wireless technologies such as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), handheld devices are communicating more frequently with conventional computers in offices, meeting rooms, classrooms, and homes. The smart homes of the future will have ubiquitous embedded computation, and an increasing number of appliances can already communicate wirelessly. The authors launched the Pebbles project to determine whether a handheld device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) or cell phone, could serve as a simpler, more effective remote control. Office-centered applications include using the PDA instead of a laser pointer, using a PDA to remotely control a PowerPoint presentation, and using a PDA with the nondominant hand to scroll windows on a PC. In the home, we are exploring how to use the PDA as a customizable, intelligent personal universal controller (PUC) for appliances, creating high-quality control panels on the handheld using a high-level specification of the appliance's capabilities. We are also interested in how PDAs can assist in providing both appliance and computer access for the disabled, including the development of new text entry methods for the motor-impaired user.
Влияние особенностей конструкционного демпфирования на нелинейные колебания виброзащитных систем (2009)

The task about the elementary form of approximation of change of the characteristics of devices on dispersion of energy with a constructional hysteresis is decided(solved) on the basis of minimization of a root-mean-square error of approach(approximation), and also equality of the areas of close loops of a hysteresis to required. With the help of the combined method of decomposition of the decision of the nonlinear differential equation of movement of systems at dispersion of energy and offered form of approximation the decision for approximate repeating fluctuations taking into account influence of features of isolation of a constructional hysteresis and overwhelming devices on the basic parameters of fluctuations is found.
Proposed Rules to Determine the Legal Use of Autonomous and Semi-Autonomous Platforms in Domestic U.S. Law Enforcement (2018)

We need some rules. “Or there will be . . . trouble.”
Conjugated Copolymers Based on Fluorene−Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene for Light-Emitting Diodes and Photovoltaic Cells (2007)

Alternating conjugated copolymers comprised of 9,9-dihexylfluorene and unsubstituted/substituted thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moieties were synthesized using the Suzuki coupling reaction. The structures of these polymers were characterized, and their thermal, photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties were investigated. By β-substitution of thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moiety with alkyl chain, the thermal, electrochemical, and electroluminescence properties of the resulted polymers were tuned. The polymers exhibited good thermal stability with decomposition temperature (Td) in the region of 308−431 °C and their glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranging from 126 to 146 °C. Incorporation of β-alkyl chain onto thieno[3,2-b]thiophene of the alternating copolymers led to lowered Tdand Tg and blue-shifted maximum wavelengths in both absorption and emission spectra. The influence of β-alkyl substitution on the conformation of the polymer chains was evaluated by simulating the optimized geometries of three model oligomers using density functional theory. Light-emitting diode devices were fabricated with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/Ca/Ag for all the polymers. A device based on fluorene and unsubstituted thieno[3,2-b]thiophene polymer (P2) exhibited pure green emission with a maximum brightness of 6000 cd/m2 and current efficiency of 2.7 cd/A. More importantly, this device demonstrated very good spectral stability and robust emission, with only 21% decay in luminance after 64 h driving at 1 mA of constant current. In addition, the potential application of the copolymers for photovoltaic solar cells was discussed.
Non-invasive imaging of tau-targeted probe uptake by whole brain multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (2022)

We demonstrated non-invasive whole-brain imaging of tau in P301L mice with vMSOT system using PBB5 at a previously unachieved ~ 115 μm spatial resolution. This platform provides a new tool to study tau spreading and clearance in a tauopathy mouse model, foreseeable in monitoring tau targeting putative therapeutics.
Characterization of the loss of plasmonic modes in planar metal-insulator-metal waveguides by a coupling-simulation approach (2010)

Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures have been the subject of great interest as nanoscale plasmonic waveguides. The modeling and measurement of the loss in these waveguides is one of the critical issues in realizing the plasmon-based nanocircuitry. Due to the subwavelength size of the structure, the light injection and the measurement of the loss in MIM structures typically require tapered fibers or waveguides, as well as multiple waveguide structures with various length scales 8 9 or scanning near-field optical microscopy. The transverse transmission/reflection (TTR) method is presented for determining the loss of plasmonic modes in MIM waveguides. The approach is based on determining the width of the reflection angular spectrum in the attenuated total reflection configuration. Owing to its transverse character, the TTR method potentially provides a more straightforward and simpler way to determine the loss of plasmonic modes in MIM structures.
Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Epigenetic Down-Regulation of ARF Expression Is a Selection Step in Immortalization of Human Fibroblasts by c-Myc (2023)

Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Epigenetic Down-Regulation of ARF Expression Is a Selection Step in Immortalization of Human Fibroblasts by c-Myc
Bacterial Na+ energetics (1989)

Novel observations related to the Na+-linked energy transduction in bacterial membranes are considered. It is concluded that besides the well-known systems based on the circulation of protons, there are those based on the circulation of Na+. In some cases, H+ and Na+ cycles co-exist in one and the same membrane. Representatives of the 'sodium world', i.e. cells possessing primary Na+ pumps (delta mu Na generators and consumers) are found in many genera of bacteria. Among the delta mu Na generators, one should mention Na+-NADH-quinone reductase and Na+-terminal oxidase of the respiratory chain, Na+-decarboxylases and Na+-ATPases. For delta mu Na consumers, there are Na+-ATP-synthases, Na+-metabolite symporters and Na+ motors. Sometimes, one and the same enzyme can transport H+ or, alternatively, Na+. For instance, an Na+-ATP-synthase of the F0F1 type translocates H+ when Na+ is absent. Employment of the Na+ cycle, apart from or instead of the H+ cycle, increases the resistance of bacteria to alkaline or protonophore-containing media and, apparently, to some other unfavourable conditions.
Characterization of Nd: LaVO 4 single-crystal scintillator emitting near-infrared photons (2021)

Abstract Nd: LaVO 4 single crystals were prepared and were evaluated for their photoluminescence (PL) and radioluminescence properties. The 0.1% Nd-doped LaVO 4 single crystals showed the highest PL quantum yield (36.3%) of all the samples. Regarding the scintillation properties, the Nd-doped samples showed scintillation peaks at around 900, 1060, and 1320 nm owing to the electronic transition of Nd 3+ . In addition, we estimated the correlation between the scintillation signal intensity and the exposure dose rate of the X-ray in the spectral range from 900 nm through 1600 nm. Among all the samples, the 3.0% Nd-doped sample had the highest sensitivity.
Space-frequency coding in the presence of spatially and tap-correlated MIMO channels (2006)

Space-frequency code designs commonly rely on the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh channels. However real-world channels are space and tap correlated. In this paper, we study the impact of spatial and tap correlations on the performance of space-frequency codes. We propose a way to quantify the diversity achieved by any space-frequency code over Rayleigh fading channels with full- rank channel correlation. We show that in order to improve the coding gain, a block interleaver should be used instead of the commonly assumed random interleaver. Finally in order to improve the robustness of space-frequency coding in the presence of space-tap correlated channels, a new design criterion that takes into account the non-idealities of the channel is proposed. No channel knowledge is assumed at the transmitter. I. INTRODUCTION Space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM with nt transmit and nr receive antennas over a L-tap frequency selective fading channel has drawn considerable attention in the communica- tion society due to the significant gains such systems provide both from the spectral efficiency and link reliability points of view (1)-(10). While it is well known that the maximum achievable diversity order on i.i.d. channels is equal to ntnrL, a way to quantify the diversity achieved by a given code over general MIMO channels has not been proposed. Moreover, coding gain has been generally neglected. It was commonly assumed that the use of random interleaver is a good way to maximize the coding gain. We derive in this paper a method to quantify the diversity achieved by any space-frequency code on MIMO Rayleigh fading channels with full rank channel correlation matrix (i.e. the i.i.d. case is thus a particular case of this study). It is then shown that it is advised to use block interleaver in order to exploit efficiently the frequency diversity. The discussion continues by showing how to make codes robust in the presence of transmit and tap correlations. Therefore a new design criterion is proposed.
Manejo de lepidópteros-praga na cultura do milho com o evento Bt piramidado Cry1A.105 e Cry2Ab2 (2013)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do evento piramidado (MON 89034), que expressa as proteínas Cry1A.105 e Cry2Ab2, no controle dos principais lepidópteros-praga da cultura do milho no Brasil, Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa spp. e Diatraea saccharalis. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em quatro regiões do país, com o híbrido DKB 390, submetido a seis tratamentos: híbrido com o evento piramidado, híbrido com o evento que expressa apenas a proteína Cry1A(b) (MON 810) e híbrido convencional (não Bt), todos com e sem manejo integrado de S. frugiperda. Para o evento piramidado, não foi necessário o controle químico em nenhum dos locais avaliados. Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre os tratamentos quanto aos danos e à presença de lagartas. Em geral, essas variáveis foram mais baixas no híbrido com o evento piramidado e mais altas no híbrido convencional, sem controle químico. Sob alta infestação, o controle químico reduziu os danos causados por S. frugiperda e D. saccharalis, tanto no evento que expressa apenas uma proteína, como no híbrido convencional. Com base nos danos causados pelos insetos, o evento piramidado Cry1A.105 e Cry2Ab2 é eficiente no controle dos principais lepidópteros-pragas do milho no Brasil.
Mineral-Inspired Crystal Growth and Physical Properties of Na2Cu(SO4)2 and Review of Na2M(SO4)2(H2O)x (x = 0–6) Compounds (2018)

Single crystals and polycrystalline samples of a synthetic analogue of saranchinaite, Na2Cu(SO4)2, have been prepared by two different methods. The structural analysis revealed unusual heptahedral CuO7 coordination [4 + 1 + 2] of Cu2+ cations in its crystal structure. The title compound crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group P21 and exhibits the averaged nonlinear coefficient ⟨d⟩ = 1.4[d14(SiO2)] ≈ 0.5 pm/V. Electrochemical tests showed a limited electrochemical performance and low mobility of Na ions in the structure. The magnetic properties of Na2Cu(SO4)2 reflect its crystal structure with half of copper cations as mainly paramagnetic and the other half as strongly engaged in antiferromagnetic dimer interactions. Analysis of the synthesis methods for preparation of the other Na-containing anhydrous sulfates is reported. Dehydration of the Na2M(SO4)2(H2O)x (x = 0–6) phases, various structure types, and the structural complexity of Na2M(SO4)2 (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd) compounds are also discussed.
Ice-core data used for the construction of the Greenland Ice-Core Chronology 2005 and 2021 (GICC05 and GICC21) (2023)

Abstract. We here describe, document, and make available a wide range of data sets used for annual-layer identification in ice cores from DYE-3, GRIP, NGRIP, NEEM, and EGRIP. The data stem from detailed measurements performed both on the main deep cores and shallow cores over more than 40 years using many different setups developed by research groups in several countries and comprise both discrete measurements from cut ice samples and continuous-flow analysis data. The data series were used for counting annual layers 60 000 years back in time during the construction of the Greenland Ice-Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) and/or the revised GICC21, which currently only reaches 3800 years back. Now that the underlying data are made available (listed in Table 1) we also release the individual annual-layer positions of the GICC05 timescale which are based on these data sets. We hope that the release of the data sets will stimulate further studies of the past climate taking advantage of these highly resolved data series covering a large part of the interior of the Greenland ice sheet.
Biocompatibility of materials for total joint replacement (1976)

The clinical use of total joint prostheses demands absolute biocompatibility of the materials employed. The purpose of this experiment was the bioassay of some materials considered as possible candidates for use in total joint prostheses as load-bearing members or as wear-resistant surfaces. Some materials already in use were also tested. 316L stainless steel was used as a control. The materials were implanted as a standardized rod and in particulate form. An average of 12 samples per material were implanted in soft tissue for six months and a total of 145 rabbits were used in this study. Twenty-five materials including metals, polymers, and ceramics were tested in solid and powdered form. A semiquantitative evaluation of local tissue reaction and a study of organs was performed. Polymers and metallic materials showed in general a mild tissue reaction. Ceramics, which some authors describe as the best tolerated materials, elicited variable tissue responses. Some of these (glass-ceramics) presented very poor tissue tolerance. The least reactive, titanium oxide, titanium aluminate, and aluminum oxide, presented a degree of tissue reaction comparable to that of corrosion resistant metals, but not superior to them. Moderate reactivity was the general rule for particulate materials except for the Pyroceram glass-ceramics, polymides, and Teflon. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in particulate form elicited a rather cellular tissue response, a fact to be considered when projecting long-term results in total joint arthroplasty. No pathological changes compatible with systemic toxicity by materials tested were observed in the study of the organs.
Discovery of a novel natural product inhibitor of Clostridioides difficile with potent activity in vitro and in vivo (2022)

Clostridioides difficile infection is a global health threat and remains the primary cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. The burgeoning incidence and severity of infections coupled with high rates of recurrence have created an urgent need for novel therapeutics. Here, we report a novel natural product scaffold as a potential anticlostridial lead with antivirulence properties and potent activity both in vitro and in vivo. A whole cell phenotypic screening of 1,000 purified natural products identified 6 compounds with potent activity against C. difficile (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range from 0.03 to 2 μg/ml). All these 6 compounds were non-toxic to human colorectal cells. The natural product compounds also inhibited the production of key toxins, TcdA and TcdB, the key virulence determinants of C. difficile infection pathology. Additionally, the compounds exhibited rapid bactericidal activity and were superior to the standard-of-care antibiotic vancomycin, in reducing a high inoculum of C. difficile in vitro. Furthermore, a murine model of C. difficile infection revealed that compound NP-003875 conferred 100% protection to the infected mice from clinical manifestations of the disease. Collectively, the current study lays the foundation for further investigation of the natural product NP-003875 as a potential therapeutic choice for C. difficile infection.
Two-Photon Joint Temporal Density Measurements via Ultrafast Single-Photon Upconversion (2009)

We have developed the technique of two-photon joint temporal density measurements for temporal state characterization, thus facilitating two-photon generation with high temporal entanglement or nearly factorizable outputs by controlling the ultrafast pump bandwidth.
CHAPTER 3. Designing Multi-component Biodegradable/Biocompatible Amphiphilic Polymer Co-networks for Biomedical Applications (2020)

This chapter presents novel, multi-component amphiphilic polymer co-networks (APCNs), which, in addition to the hydrophilic, typically poly(ethylene glycol) or poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], and hydrophobic, typically poly(e-caprolactone), polymeric components, a hydrophilic polysaccharide is also incorporated. These polysaccharides are agarose and dextran. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of the APCNs are investigated, as well as their drug loading capacity and release behaviour. The results indicate that the present APCNs represent excellent choices as materials for biomedical applications. Furthermore, this chapter compares the properties of common polymeric hydrogels with those of amphiphilic polymer co-networks, and provides our vision regarding the potential of degradable APCNs in biomedical applications.