gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thy1+ Nk Cells from Vaccinia Virus-Primed Mice Confer Protection against Vaccinia Virus Challenge in the Absence of Adaptive Lymphocytes (2011)

While immunological memory has long been considered the province of T- and B-lymphocytes, it has recently been reported that innate cell populations are capable of mediating memory responses. We now show that an innate memory immune response is generated in mice following infection with vaccinia virus, a poxvirus for which no cognate germline-encoded receptor has been identified. This immune response results in viral clearance in the absence of classical adaptive T and B lymphocyte populations, and is mediated by a Thy1(+) subset of natural killer (NK) cells. We demonstrate that immune protection against infection from a lethal dose of virus can be adoptively transferred with memory hepatic Thy1(+) NK cells that were primed with live virus. Our results also indicate that, like classical immunological memory, stronger innate memory responses form in response to priming with live virus than a highly attenuated vector. These results demonstrate that a defined innate memory cell population alone can provide host protection against a lethal systemic infection through viral clearance.
A Two-Level Planning Framework for Mixed Reality Interactive Narratives with User Engagement (2018)

We present an event-based interactive storytelling system for virtual 3D environments that aims to offer free-form user experiences while constraining the narrative to follow author intent. The characters of our stories are represented as smart objects, each having their own state and set of capabilities that they expose to the virtual world. Our narratives are represented as a collection of branching stories, where narrative flow is controlled by author-defined states. A user model is employed to evaluate the user's engagement with smart objects and events, based on proximity, interaction patterns and visibility to the user. A two-level online planning system is designed to find the best narrative trajectory along pre-authored stories, according to the user model, and to generate a story sequence to the best trajectory with Monte Carlo Tree Search. We present the capabilities of our interactive storytelling system on an example story and describe the adaptations required for modeling user engagement in AR and VR applications.
Laser vision: lidar as a transformative tool to advance critical zone science (2015)

Abstract. Laser vision: lidar as a transformative tool to advance critical zone science. Observation and quantification of the Earth surface is undergoing a revolutionary change due to the increased spatial resolution and extent afforded by light detection and ranging (lidar) technology. As a consequence, lidar-derived information has led to fundamental discoveries within the individual disciplines of geomorphology, hydrology, and ecology. These disciplines form the cornerstones of Critical Zone (CZ) science, where researchers study how interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, and ecosphere shape and maintain the "zone of life", extending from the groundwater to the vegetation canopy. Lidar holds promise as a transdisciplinary CZ research tool by simultaneously allowing for quantification of topographic, vegetative, and hydrological data. Researchers are just beginning to utilize lidar datasets to answer synergistic questions in CZ science, such as how landforms and soils develop in space and time as a function of the local climate, biota, hydrologic properties, and lithology. This review's objective is to demonstrate the transformative potential of lidar by critically assessing both challenges and opportunities for transdisciplinary lidar applications. A review of 147 peer-reviewed studies utilizing lidar showed that 38 % of the studies were focused in geomorphology, 18 % in hydrology, 32 % in ecology, and the remaining 12 % have an interdisciplinary focus. We find that using lidar to its full potential will require numerous advances across CZ applications, including new and more powerful open-source processing tools, exploiting new lidar acquisition technologies, and improved integration with physically-based models and complementary in situ and remote-sensing observations. We provide a five-year vision to utilize and advocate for the expanded use of lidar datasets to benefit CZ science applications.
Barrier properties of blends based on liquid crystalline polymers and polyethylene (2000)

Abstract Blends of an extrusion‐grade polyethylene and two different liquid crystalline polymers of Vectra type were prepared by melt mixing using poly(ethylene‐comethacrylic acid) as compatibilizer. Oxygen and water vapor permeability, transparency and welding strength of compression molded and film blown specimens were studied. The compression molded blends showed gas permeabilities conforming to the Maxwell equation assuming low permeability liquid crystalline polymer spheres in a high permeability polyethylene matrix. One of the liquid crystalline polymers with suitable rheological properties formed a more continuous phase in the film blown blends and a substantial decrease in oxygen and water vapor permeability was observed in these blends. The compression molded blends with 50% liquid crystalline polymer and some of blow molded blends showed very high gas permeabilities. It is believed that voids forming continuous paths through the structure were present in these samples. The blends showed significantly higher opacity than pure polyethylene.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Aldol Reaction for α‐ Heterosubstituted Thioacetates. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hole-Cleaning Optimization: A Case History from Three High-angle Wells in Austria (2015)

Abstract Hole cleaning is a critical part of ensuring successful execution, as wells become more challenging to drill and well designs more complex. The philosophy of model, measure, and optimize was applied to the task. Three consecutive, similar, and co-located high-angle (85–95°) 8-½-in. sections were drilled, which provides an objective comparison of the efficacy of effective and consistent drilling practices, teamwork, and engineering. The operator's challenge was to: Mitigate the risk of stuck pipe during drilling and tripping,Reduce the need for backreaming to reduce potential for excess wellbore and down-hole tool damage, andDeliver efficiency savings. The primary aim to execute these deliverables meant ensuring effective hole cleaning while drilling and prior to tripping to facilitate a clean, uneventful trip out of hole. During the planning phase, the hydraulics system and the torque and drag were initially modelled to give a baseline measurement to assess the drilling operations and were continually updated to ensure accuracy. Additionally, modelling highlighted a major contributor to previous hole-cleaning issues from the drilling fluid. During the execution phase, drilling and tripping practices already in place drew particular scrutiny, which lead to a discussion between the operator and service provider. Proactive operator leadership led to collaboration with the service provider to review the practices and procedures. This collaboration resulted in presentations for rigsite personnel to emphasize the importance of standardized procedures and to lead to subsequent improvement in each well. This case study investigates each section's performance and the positive results from procedural improvements, mud-property optimization, and cost savings of proper hole cleaning, which resulted in the following:No stuck-pipe/lost-tool incidents,Ability to pull on elevators at the final TD of the third well,63% improvement in tripping-out time at TD (comparing Well 3 to Well 1, 15 hours compared to 40-½ hours), and15% improvement in liner-tripping time.
Double-dangling-bond defects and band bending at the GaAs (110) surface (1979)

We note that contact-potential measurements which have shown band bending at the nonpolar GaAs surface can be interpreted with a simple model for cleavage defects at the surface. We find that defects with two dangling bonds at the surface produce both filled and empty defect states in the gap. This result then supports experimental work indicating that band bending at GaAs(110) is defect related.
ERG EXPRESSION VARIES IN DIFFERENT ISOFORMS OF TMPRSS2:ERG GENE FUSION IN PROSTATE CANCER (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008ERG EXPRESSION VARIES IN DIFFERENT ISOFORMS OF TMPRSS2:ERG GENE FUSION IN PROSTATE CANCER Folke Schmidt, Kirsten Mertz, Sven Perner, Scott A Tomlins, Joachim W Thuroff, Arul M Chinnaiyan, and Mark A Rubin Folke SchmidtFolke Schmidt More articles by this author , Kirsten MertzKirsten Mertz More articles by this author , Sven PernerSven Perner More articles by this author , Scott A TomlinsScott A Tomlins More articles by this author , Joachim W ThuroffJoachim W Thuroff More articles by this author , Arul M ChinnaiyanArul M Chinnaiyan More articles by this author , and Mark A RubinMark A Rubin More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61150-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "ERG EXPRESSION VARIES IN DIFFERENT ISOFORMS OF TMPRSS2:ERG GENE FUSION IN PROSTATE CANCER." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 393 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 393 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Folke Schmidt More articles by this author Kirsten Mertz More articles by this author Sven Perner More articles by this author Scott A Tomlins More articles by this author Joachim W Thuroff More articles by this author Arul M Chinnaiyan More articles by this author Mark A Rubin More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
VOC Outgassing from Baked and Unbaked Ventilation Filters (2010)

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) outgassing from newly manufactured baked and unbaked ventilation filters were examined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry following thermodesorption (TD-GC/MS) technique. Filters were tested under both static and dynamic conditions. Under static conditions, the unbaked filter outgassed VOC (0.50 ± 0.18 μg) more than twice as much as the baked filter (0.23 ± 0.15 μg). 2-Propanol and nonanal were the components outgassed from both baked and unbaked filters and 4-piperidinol, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- was determined to be the main contaminant outgassed from the unbaked filters. Series of tunnel experiments were conducted by passing highly purified dry air through the filters and taking air samples upstream and downstream the filter. Under dynamic test conditions, the baked filter was not significantly distinguishable from the background with a downstream total VOC concentration increase only by 35.3%, which was almost 9 times lower than that of the unbaked filter (294%). 3-hydroxy-4,6-di-t-butyl-2H-pyran-2-one was the main VOC outgassed from the unbaked filter. In addition, a general trend of decreasing VOC outgassing with time from baked and unbaked filters was observed in both static and dynamic tests. It also suggested that baked filter behaved like a sink for certain VOC and unbaked filters from different batches may outgas different VOC. Overall, bake-out was proved to be an effective way of reducing VOC outgassing from ventilation filters.
Analysis of Dominant Factors Associated with Hurricane Damages to Residential Structures Using the Rough Set Theory (2016)

Hurricanes are extreme storm events often causing combined wind and surge damage to residential structures. During these events, the extent of damages for individual residential structures is related to a multitude of factors. Of great interest is to determine what controls the vulnerability of residential structures to wind storm events. Past studies mostly have focused on analysis of individual sets of factors with statistical methods. This study relates residential structure damage to factors across the categories of coastal topographic factors, community factors, building inventory, and hazard condition data using rough set theory. A case study was conducted using data collected in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy (which occurred in 2012) on 74 houses in areas including Rockaway, New York City; and Ortley Beach, New Jersey. The purpose was to determine the dominant factors that contributed to the failure of residential structures during Hurricane Sandy and the combined effect among them. The results suggested that the extent of building damage was primarily influenced by four key factors, including sand clearance, number of stories, front door elevation, and dune type. These factors are representations of coastal topographic, community, and building inventory factors, respectively. The results of this study contribute to the prediction of the least and most vulnerable scenarios for the existing house stocks during hurricane events.
Chemistry, structure and function of approved oligonucleotide therapeutics (2023)

Eighteen nucleic acid therapeutics have been approved for treatment of various diseases in the last 25 years. Their modes of action include antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), RNA interference (RNAi) and an RNA aptamer against a protein. Among the diseases targeted by this new class of drugs are homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, familial chylomicronemia syndrome, acute hepatic porphyria, and primary hyperoxaluria. Chemical modification of DNA and RNA was central to making drugs out of oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotide therapeutics brought to market thus far contain just a handful of first- and second-generation modifications, among them 2'-fluoro-RNA, 2'-O-methyl RNA and the phosphorothioates that were introduced over 50 years ago. Two other privileged chemistries are 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-RNA (MOE) and the phosphorodiamidate morpholinos (PMO). Given their importance in imparting oligonucleotides with high target affinity, metabolic stability and favorable pharmacokinetic and -dynamic properties, this article provides a review of these chemistries and their use in nucleic acid therapeutics. Breakthroughs in lipid formulation and GalNAc conjugation of modified oligonucleotides have paved the way to efficient delivery and robust, long-lasting silencing of genes. This review provides an account of the state-of-the-art of targeted oligo delivery to hepatocytes.
Programming Distributed Control Planes (2017)

We describe Propane, a system that consists of a language for specifying the end-to-end routing policy for a network and a compiler for implementing the policy by generating a collection of device configurations for the BGP routing protocol that run on unmodified vendor hardware. Propane allows operators to describe their policy through high-level constraints on both the shape and preference of paths for different types of traffic. Constraints can describe paths both through the user's network, as well as through other networks that are not under the user's control. When Propane compiles a policy, the resulting BGP configurations are guaranteed to correctly implement the centralized policy in a distributed fashion -- without any centralized coordination and regardless of any number of network failures.
Building human genome maps with radiation hybrids (1997)

Genome maps are crucial tools in human genetic research, providing known landmarks for locating disease genes and frameworks for large-scale sequencing. Radiation hybrid mapping is one technique for building genome maps. In this paper, we describe the methods used to build radiation hybrid maps of the entire human genome. We present the hidden Markov model that we employ to estimate the likelihood of a map despite uncertainty about the data, and we discuss the problem of searching for maximum-likelihood maps. We describe the graph algorithms used to find sparse but reliable init,ial maps and our methods of extending them. Finally, we show results validating our software on simulated data, and we describe our genome-wide human radiat,ion hybrid maps and the evidence supporting them.
[Malignant tumors of the ethmoid sinuses--treatment and prognosis]. (1989)

From 1981 to 1987, 15 cases of malignant tumors of the ethmoid sinuses were treated by radiotherapy, either with or without chemotherapy. Pathologically, these cases consisted of 7 squamous cells ca., 2 transitional cells ca., 3 anaplastic ca., 1 adenoid cystic ca., 1 malignant teratoma, and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. The three-year survival in all cases 37%. Of eight patients determined to be in stages I and II, 4 patients had a localized relapse locally within 10 months after treatment and a distant metastases developed at a later time in 4 patients, whereas in 7 patients in stage III and IV, a distant metastases developed in 5 patients immediately after radiotherapy.
In-vivo Quantitative Structural Imaging of the Superior Colliculus at 9.4T (2018)

We investigated the possibility to observe the anatomical details of the superior colliculus (SC), a layered structure located on the tectum of the midbrain, by in vivo MRI at 9.4T. Through image analysis in native space, several brain structures of the mid brain could be identified. The signal variation of all imaging modalities (T1, R2* and QSM) along and across the superior colliculus consistently highlighted the deep white layer VII, adjacent to the periaqueductal grey; the myelinated fibres in the superficial optic layer (layer III) and an iron-rich layer attributed to the intermediate grey layer (IV).
Simulated annealing on free energy surfaces by a combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo approach (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimulated annealing on free energy surfaces by a combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo approachBruce TidorCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 5, 1069–1073Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100107a015https://doi.org/10.1021/j100107a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views467Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Direct Anterior versus Miniposterior THA With the Same Advanced Perioperative Protocols: Surprising Early Clinical Results (2014)

Level III, therapeutic study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Role of environmental factors in axial skeletal dysmorphogenesis (2010)

Approximately 1 in 1000 live births is afflicted with an axial skeletal defect. Although many of the known human teratogens can produce axial skeletal defects, the etiology of over half of the observed defects is unknown. The high morbidity associated with these defects demands that we continue to elucidate the mechanisms of axial skeletal teratogens. Advances in cell and molecular biology with respect to normal development and somitogenesis and the pathogenesis and mechanisms of teratogenesis are occurring at a tremendous rate. This allows teratologists and developmental toxicologists the opportunity to revisit old problems with new tools to elucidate common mechanisms between various environmental insults and discover novel targets that aid in the understanding of normal and pathogenic development of the spine.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of A micro RNA processing defect in rapidly progressing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. (2011)

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis exhibits differential progression from the time of diagnosis but the molecular basis for varying progression rates is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether differential miRNA expression might provide one explanation for rapidly versus slowly progressing forms of IPF.
Identifying new transcriptional targets for SRC-1 in breast cancer (2011)

SRC-1 is a p160 nuclear receptor co-activator protein that has been implicated as an important mediator of breast cancer metastasis. A small number of direct SRC-1 target genes have been identified to date. The aim of this work was to verify the recently discovered SRC-1 target SlOOB and to adopt a genome wide approach using modern, high throughput technologies to identify new SRC-1 transcriptional targets. To identify novel SRC-1 target genes luminal B LY2 breast cancer cells were used to perform the first ChlP-sequencing experiment of SRC-1. Affymetrix whole genome expression arrays were used to analyse gene expression in LY2 cells treated with SRC-1 siRNA in comparison with those treated scrambled siRNA to complement the ChlP-seq experiment. SRC-1 peaks within the genome were focused near transcription starts sites and often in close proximity to an estrogen response element. Three new putative SRC-1 target genes were selected for further validation. ADAM22 is a transmembrane disintegrin protein that has been shown to mediate cell migration but has yet to be implicated in tumourigenesis. Knockout, overexpression and ChlP studies confirm ADAM22 as an SRC-1 target gene. Expression of ADAM22 was identified in 49% of patients with breast cancer and its expression was associated with an almost two fold increase in rate of disease relapse. Two other genes, namely BCAS3 and CUXl were identified and validated as SRC-1 target genes and both of these have a known role in breast tumour progression. Elevated levels of SlOOB were detectable in the blood of 10% of patients with breast cancer. Elevated serum SlOOB at time of diagnosis is an independent predictor of disease progression in breast cancer. An unbiased, genome wide approach has identified a variety of novel, direct SRC-1 target genes. A series of molecular and translational studies have validated SlOOB as a clinically important and detectable target of SRC-1 while ADAM22, as transmembrane protein may offer the first therapeutic target to disrupt the central role of SRC-1 in mediating breast cancer metastasis.