gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Hydrodynamic Response of an Ocean Uranium Extraction Machine Attached to a Floating Wind Turbine (2018)

With conventional sources of uranium forecasted to be depleted within a century, developing methods to cost-effectively harvest uranium from seawater, which is estimated to contain 1,000 times more uranium than land does, is crucial to the continued viability of nuclear power generation. Studies have shown that coupling a uranium harvester system with an existing offshore structure, such as a floating wind turbine (FWT), could greatly reduce the cost of harvesting uranium from seawater as it eliminates the need for dedicated moorings and increases the overall energy-gathering ability of the offshore wind farm. This paper explores the hydrodynamic effects of adding a uranium harvester to an offshore FWT. The experimentally determined hydrodynamic responses of two designs of a symbiotic machine for ocean uranium extraction (SMORE) are compared with that of an unmodified FWT. Both SMORE designs utilize adsorbent filament that is enclosed in a hard permeable shell to decouple the mechanical and chemical requirements of the device. It was found that neither SMORE design significantly shifted the resonant peaks of the FWT.
Concurrent Sensing of CO2 and H2O from Air Using Ultramicroporous Fluorinated Metal–Organic Frameworks: Effect of Transduction Mechanism on the Sensing Performance (2018)

Conventional materials for gas/vapor sensing are limited to a single probe detection ability for specific analytes. However, materials capable of concurrent detection of two different probes in their respective harmful levels and using two types of sensing modes have yet to be explored. In particular, the concurrent detection of uncomfortable humidity levels and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (400-5000 ppm) in confined spaces is of extreme importance in a great variety of fields, such as submarine technology, aerospace, mining, and rescue operations. Herein, we report the deliberate construction and performance assessment of extremely sensitive sensors using an interdigitated electrode (IDE)-based capacitor and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) as transducing substrates. The unveiled sensors are able to simultaneously detect CO<sub>2</sub> within the 400-5000 ppm range and relative humidity levels below 40 and above 60%, using two fluorinated metal-organic frameworks, namely, NbOFFIVE-1-Ni and AlFFIVE-1-Ni, fabricated as a thin film. Their subtle difference in a structure-adsorption relationship for H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> was analyzed to unveil the corresponding structure-sensing property relationships using both QCM- and IDE-based sensing modes.
Eyeriss v2: A Flexible Accelerator for Emerging Deep Neural Networks on Mobile Devices (2019)

A recent trend in deep neural network (DNN) development is to extend the reach of deep learning applications to platforms that are more resource and energy-constrained, e.g., mobile devices. These endeavors aim to reduce the DNN model size and improve the hardware processing efficiency and have resulted in DNNs that are much more compact in their structures and/or have high data sparsity. These compact or sparse models are different from the traditional large ones in that there is much more variation in their layer shapes and sizes and often require specialized hardware to exploit sparsity for performance improvement. Therefore, many DNN accelerators designed for large DNNs do not perform well on these models. In this paper, we present Eyeriss v2, a DNN accelerator architecture designed for running compact and sparse DNNs. To deal with the widely varying layer shapes and sizes, it introduces a highly flexible on-chip network, called hierarchical mesh, that can adapt to the different amounts of data reuse and bandwidth requirements of different data types, which improves the utilization of the computation resources. Furthermore, Eyeriss v2 can process sparse data directly in the compressed domain for both weights and activations and therefore is able to improve both processing speed and energy efficiency with sparse models. Overall, with sparse MobileNet, Eyeriss v2 in a 65-nm CMOS process achieves a throughput of 1470.6 inferences/s and 2560.3 inferences/J at a batch size of 1, which is 12.6× faster and 2.5× more energyefficient than the original Eyeriss running MobileNet.
Immunization of Female Mice with Glycoconjugates Protects Their Offspring against Encapsulated Bacteria (2003)

The immune system of the newborn is immature, and therefore it is difficult to induce protective immunity by vaccination in the neonatal period. Immunization of mothers during pregnancy against infections caused by encapsulated bacteria could thus be particularly attractive, as infants do not respond to polysaccharide (PS) antigens. Transmission of maternal vaccine-specific antibodies and protection of offspring against pneumococcal bacteremia and/or lung infection were studied in a neonatal murine model of pneumococcal immunization and infections. Adult female mice were immunized with native pneumococcal PS (PPS) of serotypes 1, 6B, and 19F or PPS conjugated to tetanus protein (Pnc-TT), and PPS-specific antibodies were measured in sera of mothers and their offspring. Effective transmission of maternal antibodies was observed, as PPS-specific immunoglobulin G levels in 3-week-old offspring of immunized mothers were 37 to 322% of maternal titers, and a significant correlation between maternal and offspring antibody levels was observed. The PPS-specific antibodies persisted for several weeks but slowly decreased over time. Offspring of Pnc-TT-immunized mothers were protected against pneumococcal infections with homologous serotypes, whereas PPS immunization of mothers did not protect their offspring, in agreement with the low titer of maternal PPS specific antibodies. When adult female mice were immunized with a meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MenC-CRM), antibody response and transmission were similar to those observed for pneumococcal antibodies. Importantly, bactericidal activity was demonstrated in offspring of MenC-CRM-immunized mothers. These results demonstrate that this murine model of pneumococcal immunization and infections is suitable to study maternal immunization strategies for protection of offspring against encapsulated bacteria.
Corneal epithelial defects following vitreoretinal surgery: incidence and outcomes from the DISCOVER study (2021)

Prolonged duration of surgery is the strongest factor associated with both intraoperative debridement and spontaneous postoperative CED. Delayed defect closure is associated with a greater risk of corneal scarring at one year. The overall rate of corneal scarring following vitrectomy is low at <2%.
Non-aqueous carbon black suspensions for lithium-based redox flow batteries: rheology and simultaneous rheo-electrical behavior (2013)

We report on the rheological and electrical properties of non-aqueous carbon black (CB) suspensions at equilibrium and under steady shear flow. The smaller the primary particle size of carbon black is, the higher the magnitude of rheological parameters and the conductivity are. The electrical percolation threshold ranges seem to coincide with the strong gel rather than the weak gel rheological threshold ones. The simultaneous measurements of electrical properties under shear flow reveal the well-known breaking-and-reforming mechanism that characterises such complex fluids. The small shear rate breaks up the network into smaller agglomerates, which in turn transform into anisometric eroded ones at very high shear rates, recovering the network conductivity. The type of carbon black, its concentration range and the flow rate range are now precisely identified for optimizing the performance of a redox flow battery. A preliminary electrochemical study for a composite anolyte (CB/Li4Ti5O12) at different charge-discharge rates and thicknesses is shown.
Nanoparticle Spectroscopy:  Dipole Coupling in Two-Dimensional Arrays of L-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles (2007)

The plasmon resonance was measured for two-dimensional arrays of L-shaped Ag nanoparticles fabricated by electron beam lithography. A variety of particle sizes were studied with nominal total edge lengths of ∼150 nm, 63 nm arm widths, and 30 nm height. The single nanoparticle localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the L particles had two polarized components, which independently coupled in the arrays to create plasmon resonances for the array. The arrays had peak resonance locations and bandwidths that were dependent on grid spacing and particle number in the grid. The array plasmon resonance had a minimum bandwidth of 700−800 cm-1 at a grid spacing ∼75 nm smaller than the grid having the largest red shift of the plasmon resonance. This bandwidth is about half the single nanoparticle resonance bandwidth. For arrays with small numbers of nanoparticles, the resonant wavelength and bandwidth had large deviations from the semi-infinite arrays but approached those results as the number of nanoparticles increased to 25 particles on an edge, which defines the range of effective dipole coupling for a 400 nm grid spacing. This observation is consistent with optical changes observed by scanning across a 300 × 300 μm2 pad. A solvent effect on these arrays demonstrated a red shift with similar bandwidth effects and some small grating-induced features due to waveguide effects.
Influence of a longitudinal motion on image quality with a 64-channel CT scanner (2007)

Physiologic motions can appear during a computed tomography (CT) exam. Even if some motions can be prevented, others are unavoidable. To tempt to correct the resulting artifacts, it is necessary to understand their apparition and their influence on the image quality. By using an anthropomorphic phantom and a dynamic platform, we have studied the influence of three different linear speeds on the quality of CT axial images. The results proved that the deformation, the detectability and the contrast of calcifications are of course dependent on the size and on the density of the calcification but also on the movement applied to them. The influence of the motion on the image quality depends on the studied object and cannot be predicted.
Abstract 2953: Anticipating new biochemical mechanisms of resistance to Raf inhibition in Melanoma (2012)

Abstract More than 50% of melanoma's harbor the V600E activating mutation in BRAF, which constitutively activates the Mek/Erk signaling cascade leading to tumor cell proliferation. The BRAF(V600E) mutation predicts responsiveness to RAF inhibitors, which led to FDA approval of the RAF inhibitor vemurafenib (PLX4032) in 2011. Although several mechanisms of resistance to RAF inhibition have been described, no resistance-associated point mutations involving the RAF genes themselves have been detected in the clinical setting thus far. This is in contrast to well described resistance mechanisms to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which frequently involve secondary mutations within the target kinase. To gain additional insights in this regard, we created randomly mutagenized cDNA library of BRAF (V600E) and it's homolog C-RAF and expressed individually in A375(V600E B-RAF) cells in the presence of PLX4720, an analogue of PLX4032. The resistance clones emerged from the screen were characterized by massive parallel sequencing and the mutant alleles were further recreated via site directed mutageneis in the respective cDNA's. However, no candidate mutations occuring in BRAF (V600E) could be validated as bona fide resistance alleles. In contrast, we identified 11 alleles that engendered sustained Mek phosphorylation in the setting of PLX4720 exposure. Upon ectopic expression, three of these alleles conferred profound pharmacologic resistance to PLX4720. Two of these resistance alleles clustered within the 14-3-3 consensus binding site of C-RAF, and the third occurred in the kinase domain (ATP binding domain, activation segment). 14-3-3 proteins are known to stabilize and activate C-RAF through phosphorylation of key serine and tyrosine residues. Toward this end, some C-RAF resistance alleles promoted increased BRAF heterodimerization and increased kinase activity. Each of these alleles remained sensitive to the Mek inhibitor AZD6244. On the basis of these findings, we speculate that mutations in C-RAF that alter 14-3-3 binding, promoted dimerization, and/or enhance intrinsic kinase activity may conceivably mediate resistance to RAF inhibition - particularly as more potent inhibitors become utilized. Ongoing work involves investigating the clinical relevance of this phenomenon. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2953. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2953
An Initial Report on the Performance of Post Contrast Self-Navigated Whole-Heart Coronary MRI in Patients with Suspected or Established Coronary Artery Disease (2013)

Keywords: Coronary MRA ; Respiratory Self-Navigation ; Cardiac MRI Reference EPFL-CONF-186395 Record created on 2013-05-07, modified on 2017-05-12
Rapid kinematic finite-fault inversion for anMw7+ scenario earthquake in the Marmara Sea: an uncertainty study (2015)

During the 20th century, a series of devastating earthquakes occurred along the North Anatolian Fault. These generally propagated westwards, such that the main fault segment beneath the Marmara Sea appears as a seismic gap. For the nearby megacity Istanbul, rapid seismic hazard assessment is currently of great importance. A key issue is how a strong earthquake in the Marmara Sea can be characterized reliably and rapidly using the seismic network currently operating in this region. In order to investigate this issue, several scenario earthquakes on the main Marmara fault are simulated through dynamic modelling based on a 3-D structure model. The synthetic datasets are then used to reconstruct the source processes of the causal events with a recently developed iterative deconvolution and stacking method based on simplified 1-D Earth structure models. The results indicate that, by using certain a priori information about the fault geometry and focal mechanism, the tempo-spatial slip patterns of the input scenarios can be well resolved. If reasonable uncertainties are considered for the a priori information, the key source parameters, such as moment magnitude, fault size and slip centroid, can still be estimated reliably, while the detailed tempo-spatial rupture pattern may reveal significant variations. To reduce the effect induced by employing the inaccurate event location and focal mechanism, a new approach for absolute source imaging is proposed and tested. We also investigate the performance of the new source imaging tool for near real-time source inversion under the current network configuration in the Marmara Sea region. The results obtained are meaningful particularly for developing the rapid earthquake response system for the megacity Istanbul.
Horizontal Burn Test at Different Oxygen Levels: A Small Scale Screening Test for Flexible Polyurethane Foam with Excellent Correlation to the BS 5852 Part 2 Source 5 (1990)

A Horizontal Burn Test (HBT) has been successfully developed to evaluate the ignition resistance, flame propagation and heat release of a flexi ble polyurethane foam. The test was used to evaluate the combustion charac teristics of foams of different type and density, unfilled or filled with different types of combustion modification additives. The best differentiation between foam samples was found on the basis of relative heat release. On the basis of this measurement and the oxygen ignition index, a correlation between com bustion performance in the Horizontal Burn Test and in the BS 5852 Source 5 Test was established. In this way, the excellent BS 5852 Source 5 performance of melamine-filled high resilience slabstock foams was predicted on the basis of Horizontal Burn Test results. Furthermore, all-MDI foam formulations filled with melamine or other selected solid fillers were defined as alternatives to pass the BS 5852 Source 5 Test.
Discovery of ((4-(5-(Cyclopropylcarbamoyl)-2-methylphenylamino)-5-methylpyrrolo[1,2-f][1,2,4]triazine-6-carbonyl)(propyl)carbamoyloxy)methyl-2-(4-(phosphonooxy)phenyl)acetate (BMS-751324), a Clinical Prodrug of p38α MAP Kinase Inhibitor (2015)

In search for prodrugs to address the issue of pH-dependent solubility and exposure associated with 1 (BMS-582949), a previously disclosed phase II clinical p38α MAP kinase inhibitor, a structurally novel clinical prodrug, 2 (BMS-751324), featuring a carbamoylmethylene linked promoiety containing hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (HPA) derived ester and phosphate functionalities, was identified. Prodrug 2 was not only stable but also water-soluble under both acidic and neutral conditions. It was effectively bioconverted into parent drug 1 in vivo by alkaline phosphatase and esterase in a stepwise manner, providing higher exposure of 1 compared to its direct administration, especially within higher dose ranges. In a rat LPS-induced TNFα pharmacodynamic model and a rat adjuvant arthritis model, 2 demonstrated similar efficacy to 1. Most importantly, it was shown in clinical studies that prodrug 2 was indeed effective in addressing the pH-dependent absorption issue associated with 1.
Carbon Dioxide Reduction: Visible and Near‐Infrared Photothermal Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Gaseous CO2 over Nanostructured Pd@Nb2O5 (Adv. Sci. 10/2016) (2016)

Some Like It Hot: Geoffry A. Ozin and co-workers demonstrate that the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, driven by a visible and near infrared responsive Pd@Nb2O5 is thermally activated with measured conversion rates as high as 1.8 mmol gcat−1 h−1, in article 1600189. Specifically, the RWGS reaction is enabled by heat generated from thermalization of photoexcited charge carriers in the Pd nanocrystals that function as “nanoheaters” for the entire Pd@Nb2O5 assembly, through non-radiative relaxation of inter-band and intra-band conduction electron transitions. Overall this study advances our understanding of the underlying mechanism of photothermally driven CO2 reduction. Cover illustration by Chenxi Qian.
17‐4: DigiLens AR HUD Waveguide Technology (2018)

DigiLens Switchable Bragg Gratings enable digitally reconfigurable waveguides with form factors and field of view surpassing those of competing technologies. DigiLens waveguides can be laminated to integrate functions such as color displays and eye‐tracking seamlessly with minimal impact on form factor. Features and benefits of this breakthrough technology are reviewed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Rapid Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Their N,N‐Dimethylhydrazones in Presence of Chlorotrimethylsilane/Sodium Iodide. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis, Properties, and Packing Structures of Wing-Shaped N-Doped Nanographene in Various Oxidation States (2021)

A rigid wing-shaped bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused bis-hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (HPHAC) is synthesized, and subsequent chemical oxidation affords a stable biradical dication and an aromatic tetracation. The physicochemical properties and single-crystal structures in various oxidation states are characterized. The face-to-face π-stacked dimeric structures are observed in the neutral and dicationic states. The HPHAC flakes can act as aromatic walls in a tetracation state, producing enlarged induced magnetic shielding space through the superimposition effect.
Supplemental Figure 1 from The Tyrosine Kinase Adaptor Protein FRS2 Is Oncogenic and Amplified in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1. Correlation between FRS2 expression and copy number in primary high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;
Tetragonal Mn3Sn Heusler films with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy deposited on metallic MnN underlayers using amorphous substrates (2019)

Tetragonal Heusler compounds that exhibit large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are promising materials for advanced spintronic devices. A prerequisite are thin films whose tetragonal axis is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the films. Here we show that highly textured, (001) oriented, tetragonal Mn3Sn layers can be prepared using metallic zinc-blende (ZB) MnN as underlayers. Moreover, we show that these layers can be deposited on amorphous substrates using reactive magnetron sputtering. The ferrimagnetic Mn3Sn layers exhibit perpendicularly magnetized hysteresis loops with coercive fields of ∼2 T. Stoichiometric ZB-MnN underlayers share an “equivalent” Mn-Mn layer at the interface with Mn3Sn, thus promoting their oriented growth. Other nitride underlayers are not effective due to their rock-salt (RS) crystal structure and the absence of Mn. Density functional theory calculations confirm that tetragonal Mn3Sn Heusler films are energetically stable when interfaced with ZB-MnN underlayers and not with any of the other RS nitride underlayers considered here. Such Heusler compounds have much promise as electrodes for magnetic tunnel junction memory elements for deeply scaled magnetic random access memories.
<title>Complex topology 3-D objects segmentation</title> (1992)

Adaptive topology surfaces can be used to put the segmenting problem of fitting that type of surface (modelized by spline tensorial products) with the edges of an object detected with low- level operators. The advantage of this method is that continuity degrees can give an appropriate solution to missing datas and surface parametrization ensures global coherence to detected edges. Moreover, this method is by nature adaptative: it is easy to control the number of B-spline used to represent the frontier, which makes it possible to improve progressively the result of the segmentation. A priori knowledge can easily be taken into account if provided under the form of a CAD model of the object to segment. Some topological problems may appear: surfaces topologically equivalent to spheres may have to be transformed into more complex topology surfaces (torus for instance). We propose a method to solve that problem.
Measurement of Magnesium Oxide Sputtering Yields by He and Ar Ions with a Low-Energy Mass-Selected Ion Beam System (2007)

Sputtering yields of magnesium oxide (MgO) by He and Ar ion bombardment were measured at relatively low incident energies with monochromatic ion beams generated by a low-energy mass-selected ion beam system. The measured sputtering yields and their ion incident energy dependence are found to be significantly different from those proposed by an earlier study based on numerical simulations [S. J. Yoon and I. Lee: J. Appl. Phys. 91 (2002) 2487], which seems to be the only source of MgO sputtering yield data widely available in the community for a relatively wide range of ion incident energies. Given the fact that MgO is extensively used as barrier coating of plasma display panel (PDP) cells and the amount of sputtered MgO in PDP cells can affect their discharge characteristics to a large extent, our results indicate that a fundamental revision is urgently needed for the study of MgO sputtering by noble gas ion bombardment.