gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Defect (Cloacal exstrophy) (2012)

A newborn baby of 35 completed weeks of gestation, of undetermined sex and birth weight of 1700 grams was brought to us on day 1 of life. The newborn had an abdominal wall defect just below the umbilicus with a red mass protruding out of it which looked like an elephant head with a central tubular trunk like structure (prolapsed ileum -B) and two lateral ear like structures (exstrophised bladder -A). There was imperforate anus, a swelling over the left sacral area probably a meningocele with an underlying defect of the left sacral bone. The child was moving both the lower limbs but had equinovarus defect in the left foot.
Genetic determinants of malignancy in a mouse model for oligodendroglioma. (2003)

Oligodendrogliomas of all grades overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), whereas deletion of ink4a/arf is found only in high-grade tumors. We used the S100 beta promoter to generate transgenic mice expressing v-erbB, a transforming allele of EGFR. These mice developed low-grade oligodendroglioma. Transgenic animals heterozygous for ink4a/arf or p53 developed high-grade tumors. Comparative genomic hybridization revealed loss of distal mouse chromosome 4, a region orthologous with human chromosome 1p, which is commonly lost in oligodendroglioma. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of EGFR, an epigenetic observation of uncertain significance in human oligodendroglioma, can initiate oligodendroglioma in the mouse. Furthermore, p53 pathway mutations can mediate the transition from low to high grade. These models hold promise for studying tumor lineage, identifying contributing genetic alterations and evaluating preclinical therapies in this important neoplasm.
Highly efficient nonradiative energy transfer using charged CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals for light-harvesting in solution (2009)

We propose and demonstrate highly efficient nonradiative Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) facilitated by the use of positively charged CdSe/ZnS core-shell nanocrystals (NCs) for light-harvesting in solution. With rhodamine B dye molecules used as the acceptors, our time-resolved photoluminescence measurements show substantial lifetime modifications of these amine-functionalized NC donors from 18.16 to 1.88 ns with FRET efficiencies &gt;90% in solution. These strong modifications allow for light-harvesting beyond the absorption spectral range of the acceptor dye molecules.
Synthesis of 7-Substituted-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-5-yl)-piperazine (2008)

Abstract A simple and versatile method for the synthesis of 7-substituted (2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-5-yl)-piperazines starting from easy available class of derivatives has been developed.
Monoaryl- and Bisaryldihydroxytropolones as Potent Inhibitors of Inositol Monophosphatase (1997)

The first successful preparation of mono- and disubstituted 3,7-dihydroxytropolone involves a four-step synthetic scheme. Thus, bromination of 3,7-dihydroxytropolone (8) followed by permethylation of the resultant products furnished gram quantities of intermediates 13-18. Single or double Suzuki coupling reactions between these permethylated monobromo- and dibromodihydroxytropolone derivatives and a variety of boronic acids delivered the expected products whose deprotection yielded the desired compounds 1a-u and 26a-n, usually in fair to good yields. Tropolones 1 and 26 were found to be potent inhibitors of inositol monophosphatase with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range. The results are discussed in the context of the recently described novel mode of inhibition of the enzyme by 3,7-dihydroxytropolones.
ChemInform Abstract: EINE UNGEWOEHNLICHE KONDENSATION, RINGSCHLUSSRK. (1970)

Abstract Tolyl‐benzyl‐sulfoxid (I) reagiert mit Butyllithium über das Anion (II) mit Benzalanilin (III) zum Cyclopropyl‐Derivat (IV), das mit Permanganat zum Sulfon (V) oxydiert wird.
Electrical properties of GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors with Al2O3/GaN interfaces formed on vicinal Ga-polar and nonpolar surfaces (2020)

GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) with Ni/Al2O3/GaN gate stack structures formed on a vicinal Ga-polar (c-plane) or nonpolar (m-plane) surface were fabricated. Current–voltage characteristics and carrier transport properties of the channels in the MISFETs with and without post-metallization annealing (PMA) were systematically investigated. GaN layers grown on freestanding substrates with vicinal surfaces led to good transistor behaviors for the m-plane as well as the c-plane. It was found that PMA improves the electron mobility in the MIS channel (μEFF) for both the c- and m-planes, and that μEFF for the m-plane is slightly higher than that for the c-plane both with and without PMA. Temperature dependences of μEFF clarified that μEFF for the m-plane is dominantly limited by phonon scattering, while both Coulomb and phonon scatterings are dominant for the c-plane. Consequently, we achieved high performance for the GaN MISFETs fabricated on the m-plane because of the reduced numbers of Coulomb scattering centers at the Al2O3/GaN interface.
Recent Advances on the Valorization of Glycerol into Alcohols (2022)

Glycerol, a highly functionalised polyol, can be used as a platform molecule to produce a variety of high-value chemicals. As glycerol production is projected to increase over the coming years, it’s critically important that technology and infrastructure are developed to make use of the inevitable surplus. The catalytic production of ‘green’ mono alcohols from glycerol, in the absence of H2, is an emerging area of research that, in recent years, has generated significant industrial interest. Herein, we provide an update on recent advances in this field and discuss challenges which need to be overcome if this approach is to be considered viable industrially. The economic significance of using crude glycerol as a feedstock for glycerol valorisation strategies is also addressed and suggestions for improving the impact of research conducted in this field are proposed.
Enhanced electrochemical detection of cardiovascular biomarker proteins using biogenic nanoporous silica diatoms (2011)

The goal of our research is to demonstrate the feasibility of employing biogenic nanoporous silica as a key component in developing a biosensor platform for rapid label-free electrochemical detection of proteins from pure and commercial human serum samples with high sensitivity and selectivity. The biosensor platform consists of a silicon chip with an array of gold electrodes forming multiple sensor sites and works on the principle of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Each sensor site is overlaid with a biogenic nanoporous silica membrane that forms a high density of nanowells on top of each electrode. The biosensor performance was tested for C-reactive protein from phosphate buffered saline and human serum. The performance of the biogenic silica membrane biosensor was tested both in the presence and absence of electrophoretic immobilization. Significant enhancement in the sensitivity and selectivity was achieved with the biogenic silica biosensor for detecting C-reactive protein from both pure and human serum samples. Significant enhancements in the measured impedance signal was obtained with the application of electrophoretic immobilization The sensitivity of the biogenic silica biosensor is ~1 pg/mL and the linear dose response is observed over a large dynamic range from 1 pg/mL to 1 μg/mL.
Evaluating high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia as a predictor of outcome following radical prostatectomy (2006)

4612 Background: The presence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) has been associated with future development of prostate cancer. High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in other malignancies is associated with adverse outcome. This study examines the relationship between the presence of HGPIN in prostatectomy specimens, biochemical disease free survival (bDFS) and other cancer specific outcomes following radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Methods: The Columbia University Urologic Oncology Database was reviewed and 2,522 were identified who had undergone radical prostatectomy from 1988 to 2005; 2,133 patients with or without HGPIN were included. Two-sample proportion analysis of means with 95% confidence intervals and ANOVA techniques were used to evaluate the relationship between HGPIN and pathologic stage, Gleason sum, perineural invasion, multifocality, extracapsular extension (ECE), margin status, and nodal status. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model controlling for preoperative PSA, Gleason sum and pathologic stage were used to assess differences in bDFS. Results: 1,885 of 2,133 (88.4%) patients demonstrated HGPIN. There was no significant difference in the distribution of pathologic stage or Gleason sum between the patients with and without HGPIN. The HGPIN-positive group had higher rates of perineural invasion (69.9 vs. 57.5%; p = 0.003), multifocality (63.0 vs. 38.4%; p = 0.000) and ECE (56.4% vs. 48.4%; p = 0.059). There was no statistically significant difference observed in nodal status or margin status between the two groups. Patients without HGPIN had an increased bDFS demonstrated by a predicted disease free survival of 73.6% versus 67.0% at 9 years (p = 0.045) with a median follow-up of 50 months. In the multivariate Cox hazard model HGPIN, PSA, Gleason sum and pathologic stage were validated as independent predictors of failure (p &lt; 0.001). The risk of failure was 1.9 × greater in the HGPIN-positive group than the HGPIN-negative group (p=0.006). Conclusions: The presence of HGPIN in the radical prostatectomy specimen denotes a significantly higher rate of tumor multifocality, perineural invasion, ECE, and ultimately biochemical recurrence. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Monolithic Multi-Frequency Wideband RF Filters Using Two-Port Laterally Vibrating Lithium Niobate MEMS Resonators (2014)

This paper reports on monolithically integrated multifrequency wideband radio frequency (RF) filters based on two-port laterally vibrating lithium niobate microelectromechanical (MEMS) resonators (LVRs). Two-port MEMS resonators based on transferred lithium niobate thin film are designed and experimentally demonstrated. Self-coupled RF filters are implemented by cascading two identical two-port resonators. Modified Mason's models are used to predict the resonators and filters performance. A good agreement is attained between theory and experimental results. The fabricated two-port devices with center frequencies at 500 and 750 MHz exhibit electromechanical coupling coefficients (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of 8% and 14.6%, respectively. As a result, the self-coupled RF filters formed by these resonators are capable of low loss (4 dB) and wideband filtering. Fractional bandwidth of 2% and 3.9% have been achieved-the highest reported for MEMS LVRs. This paper shows that RF-MEMS filters based on LVRs can achieve sufficient bandwidth to cover most of the existing commercial standards.
First Field-Test results of iGNSS-R instrument of the PRETTY payload (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The PRETTY mission is a 3U CubeSat mission, hosting two different payloads, a radiation dosimeter and an interferometric GNSS reflectometer. The intended launch is planned in 2022.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The reflectometer payload has been built, using flight representative hardware and mounted inside a portable setup. Two campaigns have been carried out, a first one to verify the setup in real world condition and the second one to record reflectometry data over the Danube river. The reflections over the river are analyzed and compared to a reference data set obtained from basemap.at (which is released under Open Government Data &amp;amp;#214;sterreich Lizenz CC-BY 4.0).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The hardware is capable of generating complex and power waveforms at the same time, and the reflection events are visible in both. Since PRETTY is aiming for phase altimetry, only coherent measurements are conducted with an integration time of 20ms&amp;amp;#160;.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The re-tracking algorithm for the specular point and height estimation are based on [1]. Due to the low elevation angle and receiver height, the effects from the ionosphere is not considered&amp;amp;#160;, however effects from the atmosphere have to be included in the data re-tracking process. The reflection peaks, and the signal to noise ratio of the peaks, are large enough detect the peak and to calculate the height of the reflection point. The height retrieval is shown in the paper.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The results are promising w.r.t. the performance of the overall structure of the PRETTY GNSS-R payload&amp;amp;#160; in order to deliver altimetry results on a low-cost CubeSat platform.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;[1] W. Li, E. Cardellach, F. Fabra, S. Rib&amp;amp;#243; and A. Rius, &amp;quot;Assessment of Spaceborne GNSS-R Ocean Altimetry Performance Using CYGNSS Mission Raw Data,&amp;quot; in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 238-250, Jan. 2020. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2019.2936108&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Production et sécrétion de L7/L12, un antigène de [i]Brucella abortus[/i], chez [i]Lactococcus lactis[/i] : vers de nouveaux vaccins oraux anti-brucellose ? (2002)

Brucella abortus is a facultative intracellular Gram negative bacterial pathogen that infects humans and animals by entry through the digestive tract. The immunogenic B. abortus ribosomal protein L7/L12 is a promising candidate antigen for the development of live oral vaccines against brucellosis, using food-grade lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as carrier. L7/L12 was produced under cytoplasmic and secreted forms [fused with a lactococcal signal peptide (SP)] in Lactococcus lactis, the model LAB. To express the L7/L12 gene, two promoters were used: i) the lactococcal constitutive promoter (P59) and ii) the nisininducible promoter (PnisA). Both P59 and PnisA leaded to an equivalent rate of production of both cytoplasmic (~ 0.5 mg/L) and secreted L7/L12 (⊬ 3 mg/L). The highest secretion efficiency (proportion of the secreted L7/L12) was 77% obtained with P59 compared to 35% observed with PnisA. With both promoters, a 6-fold increase of the level of L7/L12 production was observed after fusion with the SP suggesting a strong intracellular proteolysis of L7/L12. These lactococcal strains constitute a promising alternative vaccinal strategy against brucellosis.
Spectroscopic measurement of packaging induced strains in high-power laser diode arrays (2003)

Summary form only given. High-power diode lasers are important for a wide range of applications, e.g. as pump sources for solid state lasers and tools for material processing. For managing the thermal load connected with high power operation, complex device and heat sink architectures are required. In particular, the semiconductor structure must be mounted 'p-side down' on a heat sink of high thermal conductivity. In such a geometry, mechanical strain of the active region represents a central issue, affecting both the parameters of laser emission and the lifetime of the device.
Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of Dopamine D4 Receptor Antagonists for Cocaine Use Disorder (2022)

The dopamine D4 receptor (D4R), a G protein-coupled receptor, is predominantly expressed in the prefrontal cortex in which it plays an important role in cognition, attention, and decision making. Studies have indicated D4R-selective ligands as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions such as substance use disorders (SUD). D4R ligands have been shown to alter cognition and behavior in animal models of drug addiction. A better understanding of D4R-mediated signaling is essential to treating D4R-associated disorders, including SUD. Despite its clinical importance, there are currently no FDA approved medications that target the D4R, and for example, treat cocaine use disorder. The present study focuses on the design of D4R-selective ligands based on the parental phenylpiperazine scaffold and pharmacokinetic analysis in rat and human liver microsomes, followed by in vivo pharmacokinetic and behavioral analysis. We identified several compounds with high binding affinity and D4R selectivity (Ki ≤ 6.87 nM and >91-fold vs. other D2-like receptors (D2R, D3R)) with diverse partial agonist and antagonist profiles. Based on the affinity profiles, 5f (CAB-01-019) was selected for an in vitro metabolic stability assay in rat and human liver microsomes which displayed an acceptable stability profile. Based on these results, we moved 5f forward into in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis in rats where it displayed excellent brain penetration with AUCbrain/plasma > 3. The full antagonist 5f (5, 15 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) was tested in cocaine self-administration studies in rats, using a within-session multidosing procedure. 5f dose-dependently decreased the number of i.v. infusions obtained for three-unit doses of cocaine under a fixed ratio (FR) FR3 schedule of reinforcement, suggesting that the selected D4R antagonist reduced the rewarding effects of cocaine. Together, these results support the development of D4R-selective antagonists for SUDs and support 5f as a new probe for studying D4R-specific behaviors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aza‐Crown Ethers (1989)

ChemInformVolume 20, Issue 43 Reviews ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aza-Crown Ethers K. E. KRAKOWIAK, K. E. KRAKOWIAK Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. BRADSHAW, J. S. BRADSHAW Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this authorD. J. ZAMECKA-KRAKOWIAK, D. J. ZAMECKA-KRAKOWIAK Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this author K. E. KRAKOWIAK, K. E. KRAKOWIAK Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. BRADSHAW, J. S. BRADSHAW Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this authorD. J. ZAMECKA-KRAKOWIAK, D. J. ZAMECKA-KRAKOWIAK Dep. Chem., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84602, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: October 24, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198943320Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume20, Issue43October 24, 1989 RelatedInformation
Characterization of a liquid bridge microdroplet dispenser for use in molecular diagnosis (2008)

Microfluidic solutions offer the possibility of minimizing time-to-result, reagents and labour costs of molecular diagnosis, while improving their quality and accuracy. The use of droplets as microreactors represents one of the points of focus of this research. The current paper presents a geometry, referred to as a ‘two-way liquid bridge’, for dispensing microdroplets upstream of a nucleid acid amplifier. A single continuous phase, drawn through a capillary tube, can be automatically segmented into droplets of a predetermined size, with each droplet separated from its nearest neighbour and the wetted surface by an immiscible phase. The device has many advantages over previously reported segmenters. An experimental study, conducted in an adjustable device, demonstrates the effect of geometric parameters on the volume of fluid dispensed. Based on these experimental observations, a quasi-empirical theory is proposed to predict the dispensed volume for a given range of dispensed volumes, which is then demonstrated to work as a first-order design tool.
GDNF FAMILY SIGNALLING IN EXOCRINE TISSUES: DISTINCT ROLES FOR GFRα1 AND GFRα2 IN DIFFERENT CRANIAL PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA. (2000)

Third International Conference on the Lacrimal Gland, Tear Film and Dry Eye Syndromes: Basic Science and Clinical Relevance: Maui, Hawaii; November 15-18, 2000: Abstracts
Motor Cortical Decoding Using an Autoregressive Moving Average Model (2005)

We develop an Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model for decoding hand motion from neural firing data and provide a simple method for estimating the parameters of the model. Results show that this method produces more accurate reconstructions of hand position than the previous Kalman filter and linear regression methods. The ARMA model combines the best properties of both these methods, producing reconstructed hand trajectories that are smooth and accurate. This simple technique is computationally efficient making it appropriate for real-time prosthetic control tasks.
Deep Decision Network for Multi-class Image Classification (2016)

In this paper, we present a novel Deep Decision Network (DDN) that provides an alternative approach towards building an efficient deep learning network. During the learning phase, starting from the root network node, DDN automatically builds a network that splits the data into disjoint clusters of classes which would be handled by the subsequent expert networks. This results in a tree-like structured network driven by the data. The proposed method provides an insight into the data by identifying the group of classes that are hard to classify and require more attention when compared to others. DDN also has the ability to make early decisions thus making it suitable for timesensitive applications. We validate DDN on two publicly available benchmark datasets: CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 and it yields state-of-the-art classification performance on both the datasets. The proposed algorithm has no limitations to be applied to any generic classification problems.
Radial and Tangential Retinal Magnifications as Functions of Visual Field Angle Across Spherical, Oblate, and Prolate Retinal Profiles (2022)

Methods are provided to customize the calculation of radial and tangential magnifications across the retina for individual eyes, which will bolster the multifactorial study of the effects of foveal and peripheral optics across eye shapes and refractive errors.
Reversal of epigenetic silencing of AP-2alpha results in increased zinc uptake in DU-145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells (2011)

Zinc accumulation is lost during prostate carcinogenesis. Recent studies reveal a strong association between prostate cancer progression and the downregulation of the zinc uptake transporters hZip1 and hZip3. The aim of this work was to assess the involvement of epigenetic processes in the disruption of zinc uptake homeostasis in prostate adenocarcinoma. In this report, we demonstrate an increase in hZip1 and hZip3 zinc transporters' expression and zinc uptake by the prostate cancer cells DU-145 and LNCaP in response to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. This effect is due to demethylation of the promoter region of the activator protein (AP)-2alpha protein, which is crucial for hZip1 and hZip3 genes expression. Loss of AP-2alpha expression in DU-145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells is due to hypermethylation of its promoter region. Similarly, we found higher AP-2alpha promoter methylation levels in clinical samples of early-stage prostate adenocarcinoma when compared with adjacent non-malignant prostate tissue. Taken together, our findings provide a better understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms that are involved in the loss of AP-2alpha protein in prostate cancer cells which lead to decreased cellular zinc uptake-a sine qua non of prostate cancer development.