gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data and knowledge in database systems: multidimensional databases and online analytical processing (2002)

Multidimensional databases provide the conceptual framework and data model for enabling online analytical processing (OLAP). OLAP provides the technology to do ad hoc analysis of data stored in data warehouses. In this article, we introduce the multidimensional data model and its operators, and discuss implementation of OLAP over relational backend systems.
Revised mechanism for inactivation of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase by N-cyclopropylbenzylamine (1985)

A mechanism previously proposed for inactivation of monoamine oxidase (MAO) by N-cyclopropylbenzylamine (N-CBA) [Silverman, R. B., & Hoffman, S. J. (1980) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 884-886] is revised. Inactivation of MAO by N-[1-3H]CBA results in incorporation of about 3 equiv of tritium into the enzyme and release of [3H]acrolein. Treatment of inactivated enzyme with benzylamine, a reactivator for N-CBA-inactivated MAO, releases only 1 equiv of tritium as [3H]acrolein concomitant with reactivation of the enzyme. Even after MAO is inactivated by N-[1-3H]CBA, the reaction continues. At pH 7.2, a linear release of [3H]acrolein is observed for 70 h, which produces 55 equiv of [3H]acrolein while 2.3 equiv of tritium is incorporated into the enzyme. At pH 9, only 3.5 equiv of [3H]acrolein is detected in solution after 96 h, but 40 equiv of tritium is incorporated into the enzyme, presumably as a result of greater ionization of protein nucleophiles at the higher pH. N-[1-3H]Cyclopropyl-alpha-methylbenzylamine (N-C alpha MBA) produces the same adduct as N-CBA but gives only 1-1.35 equiv of tritium bound after inactivation of the enzyme. Denaturation of labeled enzyme results in reoxidation of the flavin without release of tritium, indicating attachment is not to the flavin but rather to an amino acid residue. Enzyme inactivated with N-[1-3H]C alpha MBA is reactivated by benzylamine with the release of 1 equiv of [3H]acrolein, which must have come from an adduct attached to an active site amino acid residue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Characteristics of People Lost to Attrition in Psychiatric Follow-up Studies (2001)

In a large (N = 1,744) study of previously hospitalized psychiatric patients, multiple follow-up attempts were made to contact the ex-patients over a 1-year period after their discharges. When contacted they were asked to provide information about their posthospital adjustment; 59.5% of the sample was reached at least once and usable data obtained either in a telephone interview or from a mailed survey form. The contacted and noncontacted people represented very different subpopulations, both demographically and in terms of typical psychiatric descriptors. Those who were of lower socioeconomic status, male, unmarried, racial minorities, and those with records of substance abuse or assaultiveness, and who were generally more severely impaired during the baseline hospitalization were underrepresented in the contacted group. Possible reasons for these sample biases, the implications for hospitals conducting outcome assessments (i.e., for research and program evaluation purposes), and strategies for dealing with this kind of methodological problem are discussed.
Supplementary Movie 1 from The Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Controls Cell Shape and Growth of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma through Cdc42 Activation (2023)

Supplementary Movie 1 from The Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Controls Cell Shape and Growth of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma through Cdc42 Activation
Finding Motifs in Promoter Regions (2005)

A central issue in molecular biology is understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression. The availability of whole genome sequences opens the way for computational methods to search for the key elements in transcription regulation. These include methods for discovering the binding sites of DNA-binding proteins, such as transcription factors. A common representation of transcription factor binding sites is a position specific score matrix (PSSM). We developed a probabilistic approach for searching for putative binding sites. Given a promoter sequence and a PSSM, we scan the promoter and find the position with the maximal score. Then we calculate the probability to get such a maximal score or higher on a random promoter. This is the p-value of the putative binding site. In this way, we searched for putative binding sites in the upstream sequences of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where some binding sites are known (according to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Promoters Database, SCPD). Our method produces either exact p-values, or a better estimate for them than other methods, and this improves the results of the search. For each gene we found its statistically significant putative binding sites. We measured the rates of true positives, by a comparison to the known binding sites, and also compared our results to these of MatInspector, a commercially available software that looks for putative binding sites in DNA sequences according to PSSMs. Our results were significantly better. In contrast with us, MatInspector doesn't calculate the exact statistical significance of its results.
Proton Conductivity in Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Zeolite Beta: Effect of Hydroxyl Group (2008)

Sulfonic acid groups are more important than framework aluminum for fast proton transport in zeolite beta, but the presence of dangling hydroxyls is also advantageous for high proton conductivity.
Acinus-on-a-chip: a microfluidic platform for pulmonary acinar flows (2013)

Convective respiratory flows in the pulmonary acinus and their influence on the fate of inhaled particles are typically studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or scaled-up experimental models. However, experiments that replicate several generations of the acinar tree while featuring cyclic wall motion have not yet been realized. Moreover, current experiments generally capture only flow dynamics, without inhaled particle dynamics, due to difficulties in simultaneously matching flow and particle dynamics. In an effort to overcome these limitations, we introduce a novel microfluidic device mimicking acinar flow characteristics directly at the alveolar scale. The model features an anatomically-inspired geometry that expands and contracts periodically with five dichotomously branching airway generations lined with alveolar-like cavities. We use micro-particle image velocimetry with a glycerol solution as the carrying fluid to quantitatively characterize detailed flow patterns within the device and reveal experimentally for the first time a gradual transition of alveolar flow patterns along the acinar tree from recirculating to radial streamlines, in support of hypothesized predictions from past CFD simulations. The current measurements show that our microfluidic system captures the underlying characteristics of the acinar flow environment, including Reynolds and Womersley numbers as well as cyclic wall displacements and alveolar flow patterns at a realistic length scale. With the use of air as the carrying fluid, our miniaturized platform is anticipated to capture both particle and flow dynamics and serve in the near future as a promising in vitro tool for investigating the mechanisms of particle deposition deep in the lung.
Geometric quantum gates with superconducting qubits (2011)

We suggest a scheme to implement a universal set of non-Abelian geometric transformations for a single logical qubit composed of three superconducting qubits coupled to a single cavity. The scheme utilizes an adiabatic evolution in a rotating frame induced by the effective tripod Hamiltonian which is achieved by longitudinal driving of the qubits. The proposal is experimentally feasible with the current state of the art and could serve as a first proof of principle for geometric quantum computing.
Asian Dust Particles Induce Macrophage Inflammatory Responses via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production (2014)

Asian dust is a springtime meteorological phenomenon that originates in the deserts of China and Mongolia. The dust is carried by prevailing winds across East Asia where it causes serious health problems. Most of the information available on the impact of Asian dust on human health is based on epidemiological investigations, so from a biological standpoint little is known of its effects. To clarify the effects of Asian dust on human health, it is essential to assess inflammatory responses to the dust and to evaluate the involvement of these responses in the pathogenesis or aggravation of disease. Here, we investigated the induction of inflammatory responses by Asian dust particles in macrophages. Treatment with Asian dust particles induced greater production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) compared with treatment with soil dust. Furthermore, a soil dust sample containing only particles ≤10 μ m in diameter provoked a greater inflammatory response than soil dust samples containing particles >10 μ m. In addition, Asian dust particles-induced TNF- α production was dependent on endocytosis, the production of reactive oxygen species, and the activation of nuclear factor- κ B and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Together, these results suggest that Asian dust particles induce inflammatory disease through the activation of macrophages.
Follow-up analysis of ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunts for hydrocephalus (1975)

The authors report an analysis of 300 patients in whom primary treatment for hydrocephalus was either a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) or ventriculoatrial (VA) shunt. Although differences in primary and total revision rates between placements were not statistically significant, the VA shunt failures carried a higher morbidity than the VP placements.
Performance analysis of a 10-Gbit/s digital switch on MCM (2002)

The paper describes a test device realised as an MCM including four identical unencapsulated ASICs mounted on a 5-layer thin-film substrate. The MCM is a 12.8 Gbit/sec data switch and it has been designed with the purpose of performance evaluation of the module interconnection technology. A validation methodology has been developed to highlight the effect of variables such as line properties, switching noise, crosstalk and buffer topologies on the signal integrity. This approach has been used to characterise the transmission rate of the digital switch and to evaluate the system performance of the interconnection technology.
Neal R. Amundson, a bold and brilliant leader of chemical engineering (2011)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Controller design and experimental validation of a power charging station for e-bike clever mobility (2017)

In this paper a suitable digital controller of a RIFT system for e-bike clever mobility is proposed and experimentally validated. Specifically, it is provided a detailed mathematical continuous-time nonlinear model of the system composed of a transformer, a bridge with characteristics of the ideal and real diodes, a filter and a battery, valid for any behavior of the supply voltage. Then, it is provided a suitable discrete-time model of the continuous model to design a digital controller. Finally, it is proposed and experimentally validated a robust discrete-time controller, which allows to charge the battery with a fixed behavior of the current.
Effects of Ru-Ta Alloy Barrier on Cu Filling and Reliability for Cu Interconnects (2008)

A Ru-Ta alloy is applied to Cu dual damascene interconnects due to its good wettability with Cu. Using Ru-Ta alloy film as a barrier layer, filling property of ECP-Cu is improved and complete filling for trenches of 45 nm in width can be achieved. Although further optimization of CMP process is necessary, Ru-Ta alloy barrier also improves estimated lifetime of electromigration.
Safety and Tolerability of Intravitreal Carotuximab (DE-122) in Patients With Persistent Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Phase I Study (2021)

Further characterization of the safety and efficacy of carotuximab will be needed to determine what role it may have in the treatment of exudative AMD.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Saligenyl Phosphotriesters of 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐2′,3′‐ didehydrothymidine (d4T) ‐ A New Pro‐Nucleotide Approach. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prospects for Organ and Tissue Replacement (2001)

Damage or loss of a tissue or organ is common, costly, and tragic. Advances in mechanical artificial organs and organ transplantation have improved the treatment of organ failure, and advances in molecular immunology, tissue engineering, and stem cell biology offer the promise of even better therapeutic modalities for treating organ failure in the future. Enhancement of immune tolerance of transplanted tissues, improved understanding of cellular differentiation and tissue development, and advances in biomaterials may enable the de novo creation of implantable tissue and organs for transplantation. Innovative techniques for prevention and treatment of tissue loss and organ failure should improve the quality and length of life.
Health‐related quality of life in multiple sclerosis: effects of natalizumab (2007)

HRQoL was impaired in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients, correlated with severity of disease as measured by neurological ratings or magnetic resonance imaging, and improved significantly with natalizumab.
Contributions of the international plant science community to the fight against human infectious diseases – part 1: epidemic and pandemic diseases (2021)

Infectious diseases, also known as transmissible or communicable diseases, are caused by pathogens or parasites that spread in communities by direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated materials, through droplets and aerosols, or via vectors such as insects. Such diseases cause ˜17% of all human deaths and their management and control places an immense burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Traditional approaches for the prevention and control of infectious diseases include vaccination programmes, hygiene measures and drugs that suppress the pathogen, treat the disease symptoms or attenuate aggressive reactions of the host immune system. The provision of vaccines and biologic drugs such as antibodies is hampered by the high cost and limited scalability of traditional manufacturing platforms based on microbial and animal cells, particularly in developing countries where infectious diseases are prevalent and poorly controlled. Molecular farming, which uses plants for protein expression, is a promising strategy to address the drawbacks of current manufacturing platforms. In this review article, we consider the potential of molecular farming to address healthcare demands for the most prevalent and important epidemic and pandemic diseases, focussing on recent outbreaks of high-mortality coronavirus infections and diseases that disproportionately affect the developing world.
Two-band conduction as a pathway to non-linear Hall effect and unsaturated negative magnetoresistance in the martensitic compound GdPd2Bi (2022)

The present work aims to address the electronic and magnetic properties of the intermetallic compound GdPd$_2$Bi through a comprehensive study of the structural, magnetic, electrical and thermal transport on a polycrystalline sample, followed by theoretical calculations. Our findings indicate that the magnetic ground state is antiferromagnetic in nature. Magnetotransport data present prominent hysteresis loop hinting a structural transition with further support from specific heat and thermopower measurements, but no such signature is observed in the magnetization study. Temperature dependent powder x-ray diffraction measurements confirm martensitic transition from the high-temperature (HT) cubic Heusler $L2_1$ structure to the low-temperature (LT) orthorhombic $Pmma$ structure similar to many previously reported shape memory alloys. The HT to LT phase transition is characterized by a sharp increase in resistivity associated with prominent thermal hysteresis. Further, we observe robust Bain distortion between cubic and orthorhombic lattice parameters related by $a_{orth} = \sqrt{2}a_{cub}$, $b_{orth} = a_{cub}$ and $c_{orth} = a_{cub}/\sqrt{2}$, that occurs by contraction along $c$-axis and elongation along $a$-axis respectively. The sample shows an unusual `non-saturating' $H^2$-dependent negative magnetoresistance for magnetic field as high as 150 kOe. In addition, non-linear field dependence of Hall resistivity is observed below about 30 K, which coincides with the sign change of the Seebeck coefficient. The electronic structure calculations confirm robust metallic states both in the LT and HT phases. It indicates complex nature of the Fermi surface along with the existence of both electron and hole charge carriers. The anomalous transport behaviors can be related to the presence of both electron and hole pockets.
Meteorite Falls Observed in U.S. Weather Radar Data in 2015 and 2016 (To Date) (2016)

To date, over twenty meteorite falls have been located in the weather radar imagery of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s NEXRAD radar network. We present here the most prominent events recorded since the last Meteoritical Society meeting, covering most of 2015 and early 2016. Meteorite Falls: The following events produced evidence of falling meteorites in radar imagery and resulted in meteorites recovered at the fall site. Creston, CA (24 Oct 2015 0531 UTC): This event generated 218 eyewitness reports submitted to the American Meteor Society (AMS) and is recorded as event #2635 for 2015 on the AMS website. Witnesses reported a bright fireball with fragmentation terminating near the city of Creston, CA, north of Los Angeles. Sonic booms and electrophonic noise were reported in the vicinity of the event. Weather radar imagery records signatures consistent with falling meteorites in data from the KMUX, KVTX, KHNX and KVBX. The Meteoritical Society records the Creston fall as an L6 meteorite with a total recovered mass of 688g. Osceola, FL (24 Jan 2016 1527 UTC): This daytime fireball generated 134 eyewitness reports on AMS report number 266 for 2016, with one credible sonic boom report. The fireball traveled roughly NE to SW with a terminus location north of Lake City, FL in sparsely populated, forested countryside. Radar imagery shows distinct and prominent evidence of a significant meteorite fall with radar signatures seen in data from the KJAX and KVAX radars. Searchers at the fall site found that recoveries were restricted to road sites by the difficult terrain, and yet several meteorites were recovered. Evidence indicates that this was a relatively large meteorite fall where most of the meteorites are unrecoverable due to terrain. Osceola is an L6 meteorite with 991 g total mass recovered to date. Mount Blanco, TX (18 Feb 2016 0343 UTC): This event produced only 39 eyewitness reports and is recorded as AMS event #635 for 2016. No reports of sonic booms or electrophonic noise are recorded in the AMS eyewitness reports, but videos of the event show a relatively long-lasting fireball with fragmentation. Evidence of falling meteorites is seen in radar imagery from the KAMA and KLBB radars defining a roughly WNW to ESE trend with the dominant wind direction. This event featured favorable search ground composed mostly of farmland and ranchland and was extensively searched. Rather surprisingly, only a single L5 chondrite of 36.2g has been recovered to date.
Relevance of IL7R genotype and mRNA expression in Dutch patients with multiple sclerosis (2011)

Homozygosity for the IL7R exon 6 rs6897932 C allele is associated with a higher risk for MS in our Dutch population. No effect was found of genotype or mRNA expression on disease phenotype.
Effective use of block-level sampling in statistics estimation (2004)

Block-level sampling is far more efficient than true uniform-random sampling over a large database, but prone to significant errors if used to create database statistics. In this paper, we develop principled approaches to overcome this limitation of block-level sampling for histograms as well as distinct-value estimations. For histogram construction, we give a novel two-phase adaptive method in which the sample size required to reach a desired accuracy is decided based on a first phase sample. This method is significantly faster than previous iterative methods proposed for the same problem. For distinct-value estimation, we show that existing estimators designed for uniform-random samples may perform very poorly if used directly on block-level samples. We present a key technique that computes an appropriate subset of a block-level sample that is suitable for use with most existing estimators. This, to the best of our knowledge, is the first principled method for distinct-value estimation with block-level samples. We provide extensive experimental results validating our methods.
Softdesk energy: A case study in early design tool integration (1998)

Softdesk Energy is a design tool that integrates building energy analysis capability into a highly automated production drafting environment (AutoCAD and Softdesk AutoArchitect). This tool provides users of computer aided software the opportunity to evaluate the aided design/drafting (CAD) energy impact of design decisions much earlier in the design process than previously possible with energy analysis software. The authors review the technical challenges of integrating analytic methods into design tools, the opportunities such integrated tools create for building designers, and a usage scenario from the perspective of a current user of Softdesk Energy. A comparison between the simplified calculations in Softdesk Energy and detailed simulations using DOE-2 energy analysis is made to evaluate the applicability of the Softdesk Energy approach. As a unique example of integrating decision and drafting, Softdesk Energy provides an opportunity to study the strengths and weaknesses of integrated design tools and gives some insight into the future direction of the CAD software towards meeting the needs of diverse design disciplines.