gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How can we advance in renal replacement therapy techniques? (2019)

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of ESRD is relatively stable, the prevalence of maintenance dialysis is increasing, and it is expected to reach a staggering 5439 million patients worldwide by 2030. Despite the great technological evolution that has taken place in recent years, most patients are still treated with in-centre haemodialysis and their prognosis remains far from desirable. Since 1980, there has been an increasing interest in the development of a portable device for renal replacement therapy (RRT), which ultimately led to the creation of the Wearable Artificial Kidney (WAK) and the Wearable Ultrafiltration (WUF) system. Portable RRT devices may be acceptable alternatives that deal with several unmet clinical needs of ESRD patients. So far, 3 important human studies with WAK and WUF have been carried out and, although these devices require considerable technological improvement, their safety and efficacy in solute clearance and fluid removal is undeniable. In this article, we review the evolution of the WAK and the WUF and the main clinical trials performed, highlighting some of their technical features. Some of the main possible clinical advantages that could be achieved with these devices, as well as some economic aspects, are also pointed out. In the future, all renal replacement therapy techniques should evolve to perfectly match the clinical and personal needs of each patient, allowing for an improved health-related quality of life. La enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT) es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad mundial. Aunque la incidencia de esta enfermedad es relativamente estable, la prevalencia en diálisis está aumentando, y se espera que llegue a la cifra de 5.439 millones de pacientes en todo el mundo en el año 2030. A pesar de la gran evolución tecnológica ocurrida en los últimos años, la mayoría de los pacientes continúan siendo tratados con hemodiálisis, y su pronóstico queda lejos de lo deseable. Desde 1980, existe un interés creciente en el desarrollo de dispositivos portátiles para la terapia de sustitución de la función renal (TSFR), y que llevaron a la creación del Wearable Artificial Kidney (WAK) y del Wearable Ultrafiltration (WUF) system. Estos pueden ser alternativas aceptables que permiten alcanzar las necesidades de los pacientes con ERCT, que hasta ahora no se han alcanzado. A pesar de que estos dispositivos necesitan mejoras tecnológicas, su seguridad y eficacia en el aclaramiento de solutos y la eliminación de fluidos es innegable. Revisamos la evolución del WAK y del WUF, y los principales ensayos clínicos desarrollados, destacando algunas de sus particularidades tecnológicas. Adicionalmente, señalamos algunas de las posibles ventajas clínicas que podrían ser alcanzadas con estos dispositivos, así como algunos aspectos económicos. En el futuro, todas las TSFR deben evolucionar para satisfacer todas las necesidades clínicas y personales de cada paciente, permitiendo una mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.
Darreichungsformen in der Parkinson‐Therapie: Arzneiformen eröffnen neue Wege für Parkinson‐Patienten (2006)

Abstract Die Vielfalt der in der Parkinson‐Therapie verwendeten Arzneistoffe hat sich in der jüngeren Vergangenheit stark vergrößert. Trotzdem besteht weiterhin ein großer Optimierungsbedarf im Bezug auf eine nachhaltige und gleichbleibende Wirkung. Für den wirksamsten, aber hoch dosierten Wirkstoff Levodopa steht ein neuartiges System für die Infusion in das Duodenum in Aussicht. Dieses erlaubt die Programmierung einer Dosierpumpe und damit eine bessere Steuerbarkeit der Wirkung. Für andere Wirkstoffe mit niedrigerer Dosis ergeben sich neue Applikationsformen wie Schmelztabletten, die eine Einnahme ohne Flüssigkeit und/oder eine höhere Bioverfügbarkeit ermöglichen. In Zukunft werden möglicherweise auch transdermale Pflaster und andere Arzneiformen eine größere Rolle in der Therapie spielen, die für niedrig dosierte Wirkstoffe gleichbleibende Plasmaspiegel und längere Dosierintervalle ermöglichen werden.
Phenotypic Evaluation of Root Traits in Soybean and Applicability to Plant Breeding (1996)

The southeastern USA is vulnerable to drought during critical times in the development of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A Japanese plant introduction, PI 416937, exhibits drought tolerance and may be an important breeding line for the region. PI 416937 has an extensive fibrous root system that confers drought tolerance. The objective of this study was to relate visual root scores to other measurable root characteristics in order to provide breeders with a means for rapid phenotypic evaluation of soybean roots. Root score, root surface, and root dry weight were measured for ‘Lee 74’ and PI 416937 at three soybean stages of development in 1992 and 1993. Nodule number and nodule dry weight were also measured during the second year. PI 416937 had higher root score, root surface, nodule number, and nodule dry weight than Lee 74. Root score was positively correlated with root surface, nodule number, and nodule dry weight ( r = 0.74, 0.83, and 0.80, respectively). Phenotypic root scores could be utilized effectively in selection programs to rapidly evaluate large numbers of progeny in order to identify those with extensive fibrous root systems.
Vector-clock based partial order reduction for JPF (2014)

Java Pathfinder (JPF) employs a dynamic partial order reduction based on sharing and state hashing to reduce the schedules in concurrent systems. That partial order reduction is believed to be complete in the new version of JPF using search global IDs (SGOIDs) but does miss behaviors when SGOIDs are not employed. More importantly, it is not clear how such a dynamic partial order reduction, with or without SGOIDs, compares to other dynamic partial order reductions based on persistent sets, sleep sets, or clock vectors. In order to understand JPF's native dynamic partial order reduction better, this paper discusses an implementation of Flanagan and Goidefroid's clock vector partial order reduction in JPF. Then, the performance of JPF's native dynamic partial order reduction and the clock vector partial order reduction in JPF using SGOIDs will be compared in an effort to understand JPF's dynamic partial order reduction more fully. It was discovered that a clock vector POR always performs better in terms of runtime on the benchmarks chosen, and sometimes even better in terms of memory.
Computation-enabled Lensless Imaging & Deep-Brain Microscopy (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Rodriguez, Z. Pan, R. Guo, N. Nagarajan, M. R. Capecchi, K. Jenks, J. Sheperd, and R. Menon, "Computation-enabled Lensless Imaging & Deep-Brain Microscopy," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper AM2I.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Model for dielectric breakdown mechanism of HfAlO/sub X//SiO/sub 2/ stacked gate dielectrics dominated by the generated subordinate carrier injection (2005)

The dielectric breakdown mechanism of HfAlO/sub x//SiO/sub 2/ stacked gate dielectrics has been studied. Under the positive gate stress, validity of the anode hole injection model has been experimentally confirmed for the first time, while the cathode electron injection model is valid under the negative gate stress. Consolidating these mechanisms, the generated subordinate carrier injection (GSCI) model has been proposed for gate dielectrics including the conventional SiO/sub 2/.
Effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with large effective area and low bending loss for compact high-power all-fiber lasers (2012)

An effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with large effective area and low bending loss for compact high-power all-fiber lasers is fully investigated. The pitch dependencies of effective area, bending loss, and effectively single-mode operation are discussed numerically and experimentally. The calculation results indicate that an effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with an effective area of more than 500 μm(2) and a bending loss of less than 0.1 dB/m at a bending radius of 10 cm can be realized by choosing optimum fiber parameters. In a fabricated effectively single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber with 48.0 μm core, the effective area of 712 μm(2), the effectively single-mode operation, and the bending loss of less than 0.1 dB/m at a bending radius of 10 cm are achieved simultaneously at 1064 nm.
Sensitivity of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy to initial conditions in quintessence cosmology (2002)

We analyze the evolution of energy density fluctuations in cosmological scenarios with a mixture of cold dark matter and quintessence, in which the quintessence field is modeled by a constant equation of state. We obtain analytic expressions for the time evolution of the quintessence perturbations in models with light fields. The fluctuations behave analogously to a driven harmonic oscillator, where the driving term arises from the inhomogeneities in the surrounding cosmological fluid. We demonstrate that the homogeneous solution, determined by the initial conditions, is completely subdominant to the inhomogeneous solution for physically realistic scenarios. Thus we show that the cosmic microwave background anisotropy predicted for such models is highly insensitive to the initial conditions in the quintessence field.
Extracting Silicon From Sodium-Process Products (1982)

New acid leaching process purifies silicon produced in reaction between silicon fluoride and sodium. Concentration of sodium fluoride and other impurities and byproducts remaining in silicon are within acceptable ranges for semi-conductor devices. Leaching process makes sodium reduction process more attractive for making large quantities of silicon for solar cells.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BIS(η5‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)BIS(TRIFLUOROPHOSPHINE)TITANIUM (1981)

Abstract Die photochemische Umsetzung des Dicarbonyl‐Ti‐Komplexes (I) mit einem Überschuß an PF 3 führt bei 1,5‐stündiger Reaktionszeit zu dem luftempfindlichen Titelkomplex (III).
Safety and Efficacy of Inotersen in Patients With Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Polyneuropathy (NEURO-TTR) (N2.001) (2018)

To report the safety and efficacy of inotersen, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of transthyretin (TTR) protein production, for the treatment of patients with hereditary TTR amyloidosis (hATTR) in a global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (NEURO-TTR, NCT01737398).
Lithography-free plasma-induced patterned growth of MoS2and its heterojunction with graphene (2016)

Application-oriented patterned growth of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and their heterojunctions is of critical importance for sophisticated, customized two-dimensional (2D) electronic and optoelectronic devices; however, it is still difficult to fabricate these patterns in a simple, clean, and high controllability manner without using optical lithography. Here, we report the direct synthesis of patterned MoS2 and graphene-MoS2 heterojunctions via selective plasma treatment of a SiO2/Si substrate and chemical vapor deposition of MoS2. This method has multiple merits, such as simple steps, a short operating time, easily isolated MoS2 layers with clean surfaces and controllable locations, shapes, sizes and thicknesses, which enable their integration into the device structure without using a photoresist. In addition, we demonstrate the direct growth of patterned graphene-MoS2 heterojunctions for the fabrication of transistor. This study reveals a novel method to fabricate and use patterned MoS2 and graphene-MoS2 heterojunctions, which could be generalized to the rational design of other 2D materials, heterojunctions and devices in the future.
Longitudinal assessment of quantitative ultra-widefield ischaemic and vascular parameters in sickle cell retinopathy (2020)

Longitudinal ischaemic index and retinal vascular parameter measurements demonstrate statistically significant progression in SCR. The clinical significance of these relatively small magnitude changes remains unclear but may provide insights into the progression of retinal ischaemia in SCR.
Reversible Off–On Fluorescence Probe for Hypoxia and Imaging of Hypoxia–Normoxia Cycles in Live Cells (2012)

We report a fully reversible off-on fluorescence probe for hypoxia. The design employs QSY-21 as a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) acceptor and cyanine dye Cy5 as a FRET donor, based on our finding that QSY-21 undergoes one-electron bioreduction to the radical under hypoxia, with an absorbance decrease at 660 nm. At that point, FRET can no longer occur, and the dye becomes strongly fluorescent. Upon recovery of normoxia, the radical is immediately reoxidized to QSY-21, with loss of fluorescence due to restoration of FRET. We show that this probe, RHyCy5, can monitor repeated hypoxia-normoxia cycles in live cells.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Self-Resolving Unilateral Lymphadenopathy and a Brief Review of Literature (2018)

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), is a disease of histiocytic proliferation with no known pathogenesis. This disease is defined by histological and cytological characteristics, including emperipolesis and positive S100 and CD68 markers. Although the disease typically presents clinically with massive bilateral lymphadenopathy due to sinus expansion from excessive histiocytosis, only unilateral lymphadenopathy was observed in this patient. The case involves a 40-year-old Caucasian male from the Netherlands presenting with unilateral lymphadenopathy suspicious for malignancy. Subsequent histological and laboratory testing led to the rare diagnosis of RDD. The lymphadenopathy resolved spontaneously over the course of several weeks following the initial presentation. Rosai-Dorfman disease reportedly has a benign prognosis with approximately 20% of patients experiencing spontaneous disease resolution (as was the case for this patient) with 70% experiencing chronic symptoms that may last years but not require intervention. We therefore advocate observation as a mainstay of treatment for most cases of this rare disease with intervention only being pursued in symptomatic cases. A review of recent literature regarding pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostic factors, prognosis, and treatment is provided and discussed.
Ocean acoustical ray-tracing : Software Ray (1992)

A new computer program for accurate calculation of acoustic ray paths through a range-varying ocean sound channel has been written. It is based on creating a model of the speed of sound in the ocean, consistent with input data, that produces the smoothest possible wavefronts. This scheme eliminates "false caustics" from the wavefront. It may be useful in calculating an approximate solution to the full wave equation at megameter ranges. rdepth, /* depth of ray at receiver */ rrange , /* range of receiver
Asymmetric [5+2] Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes and π-Systems (2006)

Wender’s group has extended its [5+2] cycloaddition-reaction arsenal. They found that Rh(I)/BINAP is a superior catalyst for the cyclo­addition of vinylcyclopropanes tethered to alkenes for the intramolecular variant. The substrates containing synthetically useful sulfonamide and malono­diester groups gave high yields and excellent enantio­selectivities. Substitution at the cyclopropane group as well as internal substitution on the terminal alkene resulted in high selectivity. Alkyne-substituted substrates showed low ee values, as did a substrate with an internal hydrogen on the terminal alkene when the malonodiester was present in the tether.
2x40-channel dispersion-slope compensator for 40-Gbit/s WDM transmission systems covering entire C- and L-bands (2001)

We demonstrate a 2x40-channel dispersion-slope compensator that employed an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and a spatial filter. It can compensate for the dispersion slope of the entire bandwidth of C- and L-bands simultaneously.
Singlet‐singlet annihilation in ultraviolet matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization studied by fluorescence spectroscopy (2002)

Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy was carried out on microcrystalline samples of three typical matrices under conditions of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). The emitted fluorescence intensity was determined as a function of incident laser fluence and a sublinear increase of the fluorescence intensity with laser fluence was found. A very good fit was obtained when the experimental fluorescence vs. fluence data were compared with a numerical model assuming that under typical MALDI fluence conditions a large fraction of molecules in the excited singlet state undergoes singlet-singlet annihilation. Throughout the fluence range relevant for MALDI, however, the experimental data could not be fit well to a model assuming resonant two-photon absorption as the process depopulating the singlet state. In a separate set of experiments, the singlet lifetimes of several typical crystalline MALDI matrices were determined and found to be considerably shorter than previously reported. While both singlet-singlet annihilation and resonant two-photon absorption have been discussed in the literature as candidates for pathways to primary matrix ion generation in MALDI, the data presented here suggest that singlet-singlet annihilation is the dominant mechanism for depopulating the singlet state in a matrix crystal excited at typical MALDI fluences.
Effects of Inhaled Epoprostenol and Prone Positioning in Intubated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients With Refractory Hypoxemia (2020)

In critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 who had refractory hypoxemia, oxygenation improved to a greater extent with combined use of inhaled epoprostenol and prone positioning than with each treatment individually. A higher proportion of responders to combined inhaled epoprostenol and prone positioning survived compared with nonresponders. These findings need to be validated by randomized, prospective clinical trials.
In-vivo applications of microscale digital particle image velocimetry (2002)

Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) is an extremely powerful technique for quantitative flow measurements. In order to perform hemodynamic measurements in embryonic hearts, DPIV analysis was performed on both Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos. A protocol for performing DPIV at the microscale with microscopy and high-speed imaging is presented. Results show the presence of vortices and jets at low Reynolds numbers implying a high shear on vessel walls, and suggest that hemodynamics may play an important role in future heart development studies.
High performance gyro with fast startup time, high range, wide bandwidth, low noise and excellent vibration immunity (2012)

A low-cost, high-yield, low-power gyro is presented from which five high performance variants are created by altering operating conditions. Flexible design of the gyro and the excellent dynamic range is explained. The paper details the high performance aspects of each variant with results from large population of dies. Measured results show a start up time less than 3ms and gyro output nonlinearity less than 0.1% of the full scale specification up to at least 20,000°/sec. The gyro has 8-12°/hr Allen deviation performance with white noise of 0.01°/sec/√Hz and bandwidth of 2kHz.
Interaction Replica: Tracking Human-Object Interaction and Scene Changes From Human Motion (2022)

Our world is not static and humans naturally cause changes in their environments through interactions, e.g., opening doors or moving furniture. Modeling changes caused by humans is essential for building digital twins, e.g., in the context of shared physical-virtual spaces (metaverses) and robotics. In order for widespread adoption of such emerging applications, the sensor setup used to capture the interactions needs to be inexpensive and easy-to-use for non-expert users. I.e., interactions should be captured and modeled by simple ego-centric sensors such as a combination of cameras and IMU sensors, not relying on any external cameras or object trackers. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, no work tackling the challenging problem of modeling human-scene interactions via such an ego-centric sensor setup exists. This paper closes this gap in the literature by developing a novel approach that combines visual localization of humans in the scene with contact-based reasoning about human-scene interactions from IMU data. Interestingly, we can show that even without visual observations of the interactions, human-scene contacts and interactions can be realistically predicted from human pose sequences. Our method, iReplica (Interaction Replica), is an essential first step towards the egocentric capture of human interactions and modeling of dynamic scenes, which is required for future AR/VR applications in immersive virtual universes and for training machines to behave like humans. Our code, data and model are available on our project page at http://virtualhumans.mpi-inf.mpg.de/ireplica/
Civic Ornaments: Ironwork in Halifax Parks (1978)

A la fin du XIXe siecle, plusieurs pieces decoratives en fer forge - pavillons, portes, fontaines - furent erigees dans les deux grands parcs de halifax, les Public Gardens et le Point Pleasant Park, en l'honneur des donateurs ou pour marquer des evenements importants de l'epoque. Ces municipales, achetees avec des fonds donnes par des particuliers au reunis lors de collectes de fonds publiques, etaient pour la plupart fabriques par la MacFarlane Company, de Glasgow en Ecosse, bien qu'une de ces pieces ait ete realisee en Nouvelle-Ecosse et une autre, a New York. Ces structures illustrent aussi bien la variete et la popularite des decoration de ferronerie a l'epoque que l'interet manifeste par les Haligoniens pour l'embellissement et la mise en valeur de leurs parcs.
Multifunctional Nanoscale Platforms for Targeting of the Cancer Cell Immortality Spectrum (2010)

In the post-genomic era, "omics" platforms and cancer systems biology are greatly advancing our knowledge of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of cancer. In this article, we begin by outlining the factors governing the development of cancer (tumorigenesis) and use this framework to motivate the need for systems-approaches to cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. We review recent efforts to tap into the remarkable potential of nanotechnology for (i) systems-surveillance (or "sensing") of the molecular signatures of tumorigenesis, and (ii) spatiotemporally-regulated delivery (or "targeting") of combination therapeutics to cancer cells. Specifically, we highlight the salient role of polymeric biomaterials and describe the physicochemical characteristics that render them attractive for the design of such nanoscale platforms. We conclude with discussions on the emerging role of macromolecular biophysics and computational nanotechnology in engineering spatiotemporally-regulated anti-cancer systems.