gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SEECAT: ASR & Eye-tracking Enabled Computer Assisted Translation (2014)

Tiping has traditionally been the only input method used by human translators working with computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools. However, speech is a natural communication channel for humans and, in principle, it should be faster and easier than typing from a keyboard. This contribution investigates the integration of automatic speech recognition (ASR) in a CAT workbench testing its real use by
human translators while post-editing machine translation (MT) outputs. This paper also explores the use of MT combined with ASR in order to improve recognition accuracy in a workbench integrating eye-tracking functionalities to collect process-oriented information about translators’ performance.
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Encoding Secreted Non-Stabilized Spike Protein in Mice (2022)

Abstract Establishment of an mRNA vaccine platform in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is important to enhance vaccine accessibility and ensure future pandemic preparedness. Here, we describe the preclinical studies of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA encoding prefusion-unstabilized ectodomain spike protein encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) “ChulaCov19”. In BALB/c mice, ChulaCov19 at 0.2, 1, 10, and 30 μg given 2 doses, 21 days apart, elicited robust neutralizing antibody (NAb) and T cells responses in a dose-dependent relationship. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of micro-virus neutralizing (micro-VNT) antibody against wild-type virus was 1,280, 11,762, 54,047, and 62,084, respectively. Higher doses induced better cross-neutralizing antibody against Delta and Omicron variants. This elicited specific immunogenicity was significantly higher than those induced by homologous prime-boost with inactivated (CoronaVac) or viral vector (AZD1222) vaccine. In heterologous prime-boost study, mice primed with either CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccine and boosted with 5 μg ChulaCov19 generated NAb 7-fold higher against wild-type virus (WT) and was also significantly higher against Omicron (BA.1 and BA.4/5) than homologous CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccination. AZD1222-prime/mRNA-boost had mean spike-specific IFNγ positive T cells of 3,725 SFC/10 6 splenocytes, which was significantly higher than all groups except homologous ChulaCov19. Challenge study in human-ACE-2-expressing transgenic mice showed that ChulaCov19 at 1 μg or 10 μg protected mice from COVID-19 symptoms, prevented SARS-CoV-2 viremia, significantly reduced tissue viral load in nasal turbinate, brain, and lung tissues 99.9-100%, and without anamnestic of Ab response which indicated its protective efficacy. ChulaCov19 is therefore a promising mRNA vaccine candidate either as a primary or a boost vaccination and has entered clinical development.
Graphenoxid: eine neue Plattform für hochleistungsfähige Gas‐ und Flüssigtrennmembranen (2014)

Größenabhängig: Graphenoxid kann in Form dünner Schichten mit Defekten und Zwischenschichtstrukturen mit Abmessungen abgeschieden werden, die zur größenbasierten Trennung von Molekülen geeignet sind und einen schnellen Transport durch diese Strukturen ermöglichen. Das Bild veranschaulicht den Weg zweier unterschiedlich großer Moleküle durch Graphenoxidschichten.
Synthesis of tri-substituted biaryl based trianglimines: formation of C3-symmetrical and non-symmetrical regioisomers (2011)

2-Functionalised aromatic monoaldehydes were synthesised in good to excellent yields by reacting 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzaldehyde with different secondary amines and phenol. The Suzuki-coupling reaction of the newly functionalised aromatic monoaldehydes with 4-formylphenylboronic acid afforded the corresponding 2-functionalised-4,4'-biphenyldialdehydes in good yields (47-85%). The [3+3]-cyclocondensation reactions of the 2-functionalised-4,4'-biphenyldialdehydes with (1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane afforded a mixture of regioisomeric C(3)-symmetrical and non-symmetrical trianglimines. Reduction of the C(3)-symmetrical and the non-symmetrical trianglimines with NaBH(4) in a mixture of THF and MeOH afforded the corresponding trianglamines in high yields.
Recent developments in multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles: opportunities and challenges in cancer therapy (2011)

Multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles combine some of the unique physical and chemical characteristics of two or more classes of materials, such as polymers, liposomes, metals, quantum dots and mesoporous silica among others, to create a versatile and robust new class of nanoparticles. Here we discuss the most recent synthetic strategies to create these hybrid systems and analyze four key design aspects: stability, encapsulation of therapeutic and imaging agents, controlled release of encapsulated agents, and biocompatibility. Through the combination of multiple nanomaterials, hybrid nanoparticles aim to expand the functionality of single-component systems, using the strengths of one material to improve on weaknesses of another. We then examine how hybrid nanoparticle platforms provide unique opportunities in cancer therapy, specifically in the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges hybrid nanoparticles systems might face in their large scale synthesis and commercialization in the biopharmaceutical industry.
2P004 Crystallization of the complex of Gly-tRNA synthetase and tRNA(Gly) from Pyrococcus horikoshii(The 48th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2010)

2POet A cell free system for highly eMcient mcorperation of unnat I F1450 llral ammo acids for gtudieg of protem protem mteractions Ki-oshi OzAvFal 2 H"omasa Ylagll Choy Then
Lab of Things in Education (2015)

Lately, much has been said about the Internet of Things and how it is going to change how we will live, work and play. Strategy Analytics forecasts that by 2020, every person on the planet will carry four connected devices [1]. The majority of this growth will be driven by the interconnection of devices, sensors, smart objects and the like, and is expected to usher in changes to almost all aspects of our lives. This change will require, on the one hand, large-scale design, development and deployment of cloud and network systems; and on the other hand, design of hardware sensors, actuators, software middleware, and network protocols.
Mechanisms of nonopsonic phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1993)

The interaction of the macrophage cell line P388D1 with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the absence of stimulators or opsonins led to substantial association of bacteria, as judged by visual counting and FACScan assays. This association was observable within 5 min of addition of bacteria, could not be disturbed by exhaustive washing, and occurred with pilus- or flagellum-deficient mutants but not with rpoN mutants, which have been proposed to lack a secondary adhesin. In contrast, specific antibody was capable of causing similar enhancement of bacterial uptake regardless of the rpoN phenotype. Fibronectin stimulated uptake of bacteria with the pilus as an adhesin, and stimulation was observable within 5 min. Both fibronectin-enhanced and antibody-opsonized uptake were susceptible to inhibition by pertussis toxin but not by cholera toxin. The influence of fibronectin on P388D1 cells was distinguishable from that of lipopolysaccharide, which caused substantial morphological changes in cells. Although lipopolysaccharide stimulated bacterial uptake, it actually suppressed fibronectin-mediated enhancement of uptake at high concentrations.
The Transmural Activation Sequence in Porcine and Canine Left Ventricle Is Markedly Different During Long‐Duration Ventricular Fibrillation (2007)

The transmural activation sequence in SR and LDVF is markedly different between pigs and dogs. These differences may be related to differences in Purkinje fiber and ion channel distributions and suggest that dogs are a better model for investigating activation sequences during LDVF, given the similarities with humans.
Design of robustly stable disturbance observers based on closed loop consideration using H/sub /spl infin// optimization and its applications to motion control systems (2004)

In disturbance-observer-based control, the closed loop system consists of a main feedback control loop and an inner disturbance observer loop. This paper presents a design method for a disturbance observer to satisfy closed loop performance specifications, provided that the main feedback controller is known. Taking advantage of certain fixed-structure disturbance observers, the disturbance observer design problem can be transformed into the synthesis problem of H/sub /spl infin// (sub-) optimal static output feedback gain for an extended plant. The static output feedback gain, and therefore the disturbance observer, can be obtained by solving a series of convex optimization problems. Since the disturbance observer is designed based on closed loop consideration, the robust stability of the closed loop system is guaranteed.
Proteomic profiling of the weed feverfew, a neglected pollen allergen source (2017)

Feverfew (Parthenium hysterophorus), an invasive weed from the Asteraceae family, has been reported as allergen source. Despite its relevance, knowledge of allergens is restricted to a partial sequence of a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein. We aimed to obtain the entire sequence for recombinant production and characterize feverfew pollen using proteomics and immunological assays. Par h 1, a defensin-proline fusion allergen was obtained by cDNA cloning and recombinantly produced in E. coli. Using two complementary proteomic strategies, a total of 258 proteins were identified in feverfew pollen among those 47 proteins belonging to allergenic families. Feverfew sensitized patients' sera from India revealed IgE reactivity with a pectate lyase, PR-1 protein and thioredoxin in immonoblot. In ELISA, recombinant Par h 1 was recognized by 60 and 40% of Austrian and Indian sera, respectively. Inhibition assays demonstrated the presence of IgE cross-reactive Par h 1, pectate lyase, lipid-transfer protein, profilin and polcalcin in feverfew pollen. This study reveals significant data on the allergenic composition of feverfew pollen and makes recombinant Par h 1 available for cross-reactivity studies. Feverfew might become a global player in weed pollen allergy and inclusion of standardized extracts in routine allergy diagnosis is suggested in exposed populations.
Evaluation of Abstraction Capabilities and Detection of Discomfort with a Newscaster Chatbot for Entertaining Elderly Users (2021)

We recently proposed a novel intelligent newscaster chatbot for digital inclusion. Its controlled dialogue stages (consisting of sequences of questions that are generated with hybrid Natural Language Generation techniques based on the content) support entertaining personalisation, where user interest is estimated by analysing the sentiment of his/her answers. A differential feature of our approach is its automatic and transparent monitoring of the abstraction skills of the target users. In this work we improve the chatbot by introducing enhanced monitoring metrics based on the distance of the user responses to an accurate characterisation of the news content. We then evaluate abstraction capabilities depending on user sentiment about the news and propose a Machine Learning model to detect users that experience discomfort with precision, recall, F1 and accuracy levels over 80%.
Dynamic Structuration of Physical Chitosan Hydrogels (2017)

We studied the microstructure of physical chitosan hydrogels formed by the neutralization of chitosan aqueous solutions highlighting the structural gradients within thick gels (up to a thickness of 16 mm). We explored a high polymer concentrations range (C<sub>p</sub> ≥ 1.0% w/w) with different molar masses of chitosan and different concentrations of the coagulation agent. The effect of these processing parameters on the morphology was evaluated mainly through small-angle light scattering (SALS) measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations. As a result, we reported that the microstructure is continuously evolving from the surface to the bulk, with mainly two structural transitions zones separating three types of hydrogels. The first zone (zone I) is located close to the surface of the hydrogel and constitutes a hard (entangled) layer formed under fast neutralization conditions. It is followed by a second zone (zone II) with a larger thickness (∼3-4 mm), where in some cases large pores or capillaries (diameter ∼10 μm) oriented parallel to the direction of the gel front are present. Deeper in the hydrogel (zone III), a finer oriented microstructure, with characteristic sizes lower than 2-3 μm, gradually replace the capillary morphology. However, this last bulk morphology cannot be regarded as structurally uniform because the size of small micrometer-range-oriented pores continuously increases as the distance to the surface of the hydrogel increases. These results could be rationalized through the effect of coagulation kinetics impacting the morphology obtained during neutralization.
Microscale Exoglycosidase Processing and Lectin Capture of Glycans with Phospholipid Assisted Capillary Electrophoresis Separations (2011)

Capillary electrophoresis separations of glycans labeled with 1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid were achieved with separation efficiencies ranging from 480,000 to 640,000 theoretical plates in a 60.2 cm, 25 μm inner diameter fused silica capillary. Under these separation conditions, the coefficient of variation in peak area is 10%, and if labeling efficiency is estimated at 100%, the limit of detection is 15 fM. The capillary electrophoresis method incorporated phospholipid additives to enhance the separation of glycans with slight differences in hydrodynamic volume. In addition, the phospholipid additives supported the integration of the lectin concanavalin A as well as the enzymes α1-2,3 mannosidase or β1-4 galactosidase to provide structural and compositional information about the glycans subject to separation. The use of in-capillary cleavage of terminal glycan residues with exoglycosidases offers a number of advantages over benchtop enzymatic sequencing, including reduced consumption of analyte, as well as enzyme. These methods were used to evaluate glycans derived from the glycoproteins α1-acid glycoprotein, fetuin, and ribonuclease B, as well as from glycoproteins collected from MCF7 cells.
Effects of attenuation correction on tumor detection in PET oncology (2000)

In this work the authors studied the effect of attenuation correction on tumor detection in PET oncology through simulation, phantom, and patient studies. Images were reconstructed from attenuated projection data with and without performing attenuation correction (AC and non-AC). The simulation and phantom studies showed that when the ratio of the activity concentration in the tumor to that in the torso background was at a critical value, the tumor was invisible in the non-AC image. Above the critical value, the tumor was visible in both AC and non-AC images, while below the critical value, the tumor appeared as a cold spot in non-AC images. Theoretical explanations of these phenomena were approached through examining the attenuated sinograms and the FBP reconstruction without AC. This work suggests that whole-body PET images should not be reconstructed without attenuation correction.
Passive robotics: an exploration of mechanical computation (1990)

A passive wrist, of fixed design, can be programmed to execute a wide range of useful control laws. Considered in particular are wrists whose actuators are unpowered hydraulic cylinders, the ports of which are coupled to one another via variable-conductance constrictions. The wrist is programmed by selection of these conductances, much as an analog computer is programmed. The range of control laws such a device can compute is characterized mathematically.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Persistent Infection of Turkeys with an Avirulent Strain of Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus (2009)

The Virginia avirulent strain (VAS) of turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus (THEV), which is commonly used in live vaccines for commercial turkeys, was studied to determine characteristics of infection. It has been observed that turkeys infected with the VAS maintain protective antibody levels in excess of 20 wk postvaccination. It is theorized that this immune response is modulated by either a persistent or latent infection. A series of studies have been undertaken to determine changes in virus location and serology over time. A trial was also conducted to evaluate the effect of corticosteroid administration on viral recrudescence, and an attempt was made to isolate live virus from tissues of birds 10 wk postinfection (pi). Antibody titers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and PCR was used to detect viral DNA. Histopathology was performed on formalin-fixed paraffinized tissues. Viral DNA was detected in various tissues through 15 wk pi in the presence of high antibody titers. Viral DNA was detected at 3-5 days pi in the spleens of susceptible turkeys inoculated with tissues collected from infected birds at 10 wk pi. It is unknown whether the viral DNA is associated with live virus or rather is the result of persistent maintenance of the viral genome within lymphoid/macrophage target cells. Future studies will test for viral RNA in order to confirm the presence of replicating THEV. Regardless of the actual status of the THEV DNA detected at 10-15 wk pi, it is clear that THEV does not cause a simple acute infection. The characteristics of THEV infection are identical to the nonlytic persistent infections seen in human adenoviruses, and therefore THEV may serve as a model for the study of virus-cell interactions mediating persistence.
Flower voice (2013)

Recently, urban greening and agriculture have been receiving increased attention, but the cultivation of greenery is not a simple matter in a restricted space. Therefore, we propose Flower Voice, a voice assistant for smartphones that answers questions users will be faced on site, and provides a mechanism for registering the work. The system uses Linked Open Data as a knowledge source, and features improvemnt of accuracy based on user feedback and acquisitions of new data by user participation. This paper presents Plant LOD and an architecture of the sytem, and then evaluates the improvement of the accuracy.
Genes for Neuronal Properties Expressed in Neuroblastoma × L Cell Hybrids (1971)

Neuroblastoma cells with electrically excitable membranes were fused with electrically passive L cells having a hitherto undescribed electrical marker. Hybrid cells, examined 10-40 generations after fusion, were found to be electrically excitable. The results show that at least a part of the genetic information for neuron differentiation can be functionally expressed in N x L hybrid cells. Evidence for the regulation of action potential components was also found.
Three-dimensional blood vessel reconstruction by simulated annealing (1989)

Simulated annealing, a Monte Carlo-like algorithm, is applied to three-dimensional blood vessel reconstruction based on digital subtraction angiography. Since imaging systems often employ an insufficient number of projections, adequate reconstruction from observed data is not possible. It is shown that even in such cases objects can be sufficiently reconstructed by simulated annealing, which makes use of constraints based on a priori knowledge. This method is successfully demonstrated with a fundamental computer simulation.
Configuration and performance of the ATLAS b-jet triggers in Run 2 (2021)

Abstract Several improvements to the ATLAS triggers used to identify jets containing b -hadrons ( b -jets) were implemented for data-taking during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider from 2016 to 2018. These changes include reconfiguring the b -jet trigger software to improve primary-vertex finding and allow more stable running in conditions with high pile-up, and the implementation of the functionality needed to run sophisticated taggers used by the offline reconstruction in an online environment. These improvements yielded an order of magnitude better light-flavour jet rejection for the same b -jet identification efficiency compared to the performance in Run 1 (2011–2012). The efficiency to identify b -jets in the trigger, and the conditional efficiency for b -jets that satisfy offline b -tagging requirements to pass the trigger are also measured. Correction factors are derived to calibrate the b -tagging efficiency in simulation to match that observed in data. The associated systematic uncertainties are substantially smaller than in previous measurements. In addition, b -jet triggers were operated for the first time during heavy-ion data-taking, using dedicated triggers that were developed to identify semileptonic b -hadron decays by selecting events with geometrically overlapping muons and jets.
Fatigue and Pruritus in Patients with Advanced Fibrosis Due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: The Impact on Patient‐Reported Outcomes (2020)

Fatigue and pruritus are common in patients with chronic liver diseases of all etiologies, but clinical awareness is mostly restricted to those with cholestatic liver diseases. We assessed the impact of fatigue and pruritus on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of patients with advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specifically, PROs (Short Form-36, Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-NASH, Euro-Qol 5 Dimension, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment instruments) were assessed at baseline in patients with histologically confirmed bridging fibrosis (F3) or compensated cirrhosis (F4) due to NASH enrolled in STELLAR 3 and 4. Presence of fatigue and pruritus were indicated by a score of 4 or less on the respective items of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-NASH (scale range, 1-7). Among the included 1,669 patients with advanced NASH (mean age = 58 ± 9 years, 48% F3, 42% with psychiatric comorbidities), 33% and 27% had fatigue and pruritus, respectively. Patients with NASH with fatigue were younger, more likely to be female, cirrhotic, and diabetic, and had higher body mass index and more comorbidities (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). All PRO scores of patients with fatigue were significantly impaired (mean up to -31% of a PRO range size in comparison to patients without fatigue). In multivariate analysis, predictors of fatigue included diabetes, history of depression or nervous system comorbidities, and lower serum albumin (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Patients with pruritus had demographic characteristics similar to those with fatigue, but a higher prevalence of dermatologic comorbidities. All PROs were impaired (by up to -19% of a range size, all <i>P</i> < 0.01) in patients with NASH with pruritus. Female gender, lower serum albumin, and a history of depression, nervous system, and dermatologic comorbidities were associated with increased risk of pruritus (<i>P</i> < 0.05). <i>Conclusion:</i> Clinically significant fatigue and pruritus are common in patients with advanced NASH, and these symptoms negatively affect PROs.
Figure S2 from Medium-throughput Drug Screening of Patient-derived Organoids from Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases to Direct Personalized Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Extended data peritonoid genomic analyses&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Access to C‐Branched Sugars: Stereoselective Synthesis of C3—C5‐Linked Deoxy Disaccharide and C‐Linked Deoxy Aza Disaccharide Mimetics via a Ring‐Closing Metathesis Protocol. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.