gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graft-versus-host disease causes failure of donor hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis in interferon-γ receptor-deficient hosts (2008)

The immunopathologic condition known as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) results from a type I T-cell process. However, a prototypical type I cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), can protect against several manifestations of GVHD in recipients of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched hematopoietic cells. We transplanted hematopoietic cells from C3H.SW donors in wild-type (wt) and IFN-gamma-receptor-deficient (IFN-gammaRKO) MHC-matched C57BL/6 recipients. In IFN-gammaRKO recipients, host cells were unresponsive to IFN-gamma, whereas wt donor cells were exposed to exceptionally high levels of IFN-gamma. From an IFN-gamma perspective, we could therefore evaluate the impact of a loss-of-function on host cells and gain-of-function on donor cells. We found that lack of IFN-gammaR prevented up-regulation of MHC proteins on host cells but did not mitigate damage to most target organs. Two salient phenotypes in IFN-gammaRKO recipients involved donor cells: lymphoid hypoplasia and hematopoietic failure. Lymphopenia was due to FasL-induced apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation. Bone marrow aplasia resulted from a decreased proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells that was associated with down-regulation of 2 genes negatively regulated by IFN-gamma: Ccnd1 and Myc. We conclude that IFN-gamma produced by alloreactive T cells may entail a severe graft-versus-graft reaction and could be responsible for cytopenias that are frequently observed in subjects with GVHD.
Solid-state NMR determination of glyphosate metabolism in a Pseudomonas sp. (1985)

The metabolism of the broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) in a soil Pseudomonas sp. PG2982 has been determined by cross-polarization magic-angle spinning 15N and 13C NMR of intact lyophilized cells. Using samples grown on 13C- and 15N-labeled glyphosate, we find that PG2982 does not metabolize glyphosate to aminomethylphosphonate as has been reported for mixed cultures of soil microbes. Rather, the phosphonomethyl carbon-nitrogen bond in glyphosate is cleaved, releasing glycine. Solid-state NMR analysis reveals that 20% of this glycine is used in the synthesis of purines, 35% is incorporated into protein as glycyl residues, with an additional 35% incorporated as seryl residues. The phosphonomethyl carbon of glyphosate is ultimately incorporated into a number of sites, including the C-2 and C-8 positions of the purine rings of nucleic acids, methyl groups of methionine and thymidine, and the methylene group of serine. The pattern of phosphonomethyl carbon incorporation indicates the involvement of tetrahydrofolate, a coenzyme which facilitates single-carbon transfers. This is the first complete determination of the metabolism of glyphosate in a pure culture, and the first bacterial metabolic study using both single and double cross-polarization solid-state NMR.
Degradable Dextran Particles for Gene Delivery Applications (2011)

Successful gene therapy depends both on the effective transport and the stable expression of therapeutic genes to produce and regulate disease related proteins. In this context, non-viral gene delivery vehicles are regarded as one of the most promising approaches for the efficient and safe transport of genetic material to and into the target cells. This short review describes the development of novel particulate delivery vehicles based on the biopolymer dextran. This multifunctional platform was designed to safely transport genetic material across cell membranes, followed by an acid triggered release that causes overall high transfection efficiency. The biocompatibility and its unique tunability differentiate this new carrier system from previous particle systems, showing high potential for the treatment of several disease models in RNA interference related applications.
Platformisation of Digital Financial Services (DFS): The Journey of DFS in the Global North and Global South (2022)

The digitization of financial transactions in both Global North and Global South has led to considerable shifts in how money is used, understood, and processed by users, banks, and fintechs. This shift from physical cash to digital media, accelerated by the COVID-19 push for digital transactions, has impacted how users perceive and use digital money and opened avenues for more data collection. This diverse panel proposes a discussion to understand the set of opportunities and challenges around the design of digital financial services (DFS) and data-driven decision-making in DFS. We will create a live working document starting before the panel to document the discussion, which develops during and after the panel. This live document will enable community to engage with a broader audience of researchers and industry, outlining processes, methods, and tools that researchers and practitioners have created to work with users to develop new equitable DFS and further exploration.
Multiple phase change structure for the scalable phase change random access memory array (2014)

A multiple phase change structure with Sb 79 Te 21 for switching and Ge 1 Cu 2 Te 3 for memory was fabricated and evaluated for cell operation. It was confirmed that Sb 79 Te 21 with smaller contact diameter is successfully operated or used as a switching device with selective current pulses. In addition, it was estimated that this structure provides acceptable on–off ratio and leakage current by structural consideration. From these results, we consider that the structure with multiple phase change materials is suitable as a new device with both switching and memory functions, which gives higher scalability in three-dimensional array architecture by adopting no additional selective devices, such as transistors and diodes. Therefore, we expect that this structure can be one of the candidates for the scalable phase change random access memory (PCRAM).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol‐Type Reaction Using a Chiral Tin(II) Lewis Acid. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules in a patient with a thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma: possible cause–effect relationship (1994)

A 51-year-old female patient with long-standing hyperthyroidism due to a thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma is reported, who became thyrotoxic again shortly after successful pituitary surgery. Functional testing and scintigraphy suggested the diagnosis of autonomous functioning thyroid nodules, which was confirmed by pathological examination of the resected thyroid tissue. This is the first report revealing the transition from a pituitary-dependent to a thyroid-dependent hyperthyroidism. Autonomous functioning thyroid nodules are, however, considered an intrinsic thyroid defect. In similarity with other disorders, in which trophic hormones may induce an autonomous secretion by the target gland, this report opens the possibility that a humoral factor may play a role in the development of autonomous functioning thyroid nodules.
Texture Compression of Light Maps using Smooth Profile Functions (2010)

Light maps have long been a popular technique for visually rich real-time rendering in games. They typically contain smooth color gradients which current low bit rate texture compression techniques, such as DXT1 and ETC2, do not handle well. The application writer must therefore choose between doubling the bit rate by choosing a codec such as BC7, or accept the compression artifacts, neither of which is desirable. The situation is aggravated by the recent popularity of radiosity normal maps, where three light maps plus a normal map are used for each surface. We present a new texture compression algorithm targeting smoothly varying textures, such as the light maps used in radiosity normal mapping. On high-resolution light map data from real games, the proposed method shows quality improvements of 0.7 dB in PSNR over ETC2, and 2.8 dB over DXT1, for the same bit rate. As a side effect, our codec can also compress many standard images (not light maps) with better quality than DXT1/ETC2.
Quantum Aware SDN Nodes in the Madrid Quantum Network (2019)

QKD technology is mature enough to be used beyond the usual single, point to point, link by creating networks. Quantum ad hoc networks, where a separate, quantum-only network, is running in parallel to a classical network have been demonstrated in several occasions. Having to, essentially, duplicate the network to introduce quantum communications is very expensive and, beyond niche use-cases, fully integrated quantum-classical networks is what the industry demands to accept quantum technologies as a serious networking technology, ready for a broad market uptake.Recently we have reported on the successful deployment of the Madrid Quantum Network. This network is novel because it has been the first installed in production sites of a Telecommunications operator and moreover it is managed through a Software Defined Networking (SDN) structure that integrates classical and quantum channels. The network was operating for four months and we could demonstrate several technologies utilizing the integration of quantum and classical networks. Here we report on some implementation aspects and its usage in several use cases, in particular to secure the management of the SDN control plane as a critical infrastructure.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Pyridone 6, A Pan-Janus–Activated Kinase Inhibitor, Induces Growth Inhibition of Multiple Myeloma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Pyridone 6, A Pan-Janus–Activated Kinase Inhibitor, Induces Growth Inhibition of Multiple Myeloma Cells
Zinc Oxide-Based Self-Powered Potentiometric Chemical Sensors for Biomolecules and Metal Ions (2017)

Advances in the miniaturization and portability of the chemical sensing devices have always been hindered by the external power supply problem, which has focused new interest in the fabrication of self-powered sensing devices for disease diagnosis and the monitoring of analytes. This review describes the fabrication of ZnO nanomaterial-based sensors synthesized on different conducting substrates for extracellular detection, and the use of a sharp borosilicate glass capillary (diameter, d = 700 nm) to grow ZnO nanostructures for intracellular detection purposes in individual human and frog cells. The electrocatalytic activity and fast electron transfer properties of the ZnO materials provide the necessary energy to operate as well as a quick sensing device output response, where the role of the nanomorphology utilized for the fabrication of the sensor is crucial for the production of the operational energy. Simplicity, design, cost, sensitivity, selectivity and a quick and stable response are the most important features of a reliable sensor for routine applications. The review details the extra- and intra-cellular applications of the biosensors for the detection and monitoring of different metallic ions present in biological matrices, along with the biomolecules glucose and cholesterol.
Static and Dynamic Properties of Optical Microcavities in Photonic Bandgap Yarns (2003)

The design, fabrication, and characterization of polymeric yarns (see Figure and cover) with large photonic bandgaps and omnidirectional reflectivity combined with a micro‐cavity designed for near‐infrared applications are reported. The reversible shift of the resonant wavelength of this single‐mode optical cavity under applied strain is also demonstrated. Passive and active applications include narrow band‐pass filters and low‐threshold lasers.
<title>Volumetric Raman spectral imaging with a confocal Raman microscope: image modalities and applications</title> (1996)

The Fourier transform Confocal Raman Microscope (FT-CRM) enables non-invasive 3D Raman spectroscopic analysis and visualization of chemically heterogeneous preparations. The instrument combines a confocal optical microscope with a visible light Fourier transform Raman spectrometer to acquire and analyze the Raman spectrum of light scattered from a voxel in the sample defined by the confocal optics. Scanning the sample relative to the confocal voxel and recording the Raman spectrum at each scan position generates a multi- dimensional data set encoding the spatially-varying compositional properties of the sample. We report here on the spatial and spectral FT-CRM image properties that includes recent work on correlation-based Raman spectroscopic imaging and application of parametric spectral estimators for robust Raman spectrum estimation.
Data from Hypermethylation of <i>ASC/TMS1</i> Is a Sputum Marker for Late-Stage Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;DNA hypermethylated gene promoter sequences are extremely promising cancer markers. Their use for risk assessment, early diagnosis, or prognosis depends on the timing of this gene change during tumor progression. We studied this for the proapoptotic gene &lt;i&gt;ASC/TMS1&lt;/i&gt; in lung cancer and used the findings to develop a sputum marker. ASC/TMS1 protein levels are reduced in all lung cancer types (30 of 40; 75%) but not in 10 preinvasive lesions. Hypermethylation of &lt;i&gt;ASC/TMS1&lt;/i&gt; is also associated with invasive cancers (41 of 152 or 27.0% of all lung cancer types) with variation in incidence between histopathologic types including 32.1% (26 of 81) of adenocarcinomas, 13.2% (7 of 53) of squamous cell carcinomas, 38.5% (5 of 13) of large-cell carcinomas, and 60% (3 of 5) of small-cell lung cancers. The hypermethylation is particularly correlated with late tumor stages being present in only 14% of stage I but 60% of later-stage tumors. The incidence of &lt;i&gt;ASC/TMS1&lt;/i&gt; hypermethylation in sputum DNA fully mimics the tissue findings being present in only 2% (2 of 85) of high-risk, cancer-free smokers, 15% (3 of 18) of patients with stage I non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but 41% of patients with stage III NSCLC (18 of 44), including 56% (10 of 18) of those with adenocarcinoma. Importantly, sputum is positive for this marker in 24% (10 of 42) of very high risk, clinically cancer-free individuals previously resected for stage I NSCLC. Thus, hypermethylation of &lt;i&gt;ASC/TMS1&lt;/i&gt; is a marker for late-stage lung cancer and, in sputum, could predict prognosis in patients resected for early-stage disease. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(12): 6210-8)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Organic Interface Engineering for Stable Green PHOLEDs through an Ultrathin Interface Tunneling Layer (2018)

Abstract Device stability of the organic light emitting diodes is strongly affected by accumulated charge carriers at both interfaces of emitting layer (EML). To reduce the stress of devices from undesirable charge accumulation near EML, an interface tunneling layer (ITL) is introduced. Notably, ITL affects charge injection behavior, which helps to reduce a chemical degradation of EML. As a result, significantly improved device lifetime (by 2.5 times, ≈402.1 h, LT 75) after the introduction of pretty thin (1 nm) ITL between EML and electron transporting layer is obtained. Such a tunneling behavior by analysis of impedance spectroscopy (IS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and electric stress for electron and hole only devices are verified.
Using templates and connectors for layout pattern minimization in 20nm and below technology nodes (2011)

Layout pattern minimization has become a necessity at the 20nm technology node. Not only is it the only way to guarantee convergence for source mask optimization, having a well defined design space by limiting the total number of layout patterns, is the only way to ensure complete verification of design space during technology bring-up. In this paper we would reveal the details of PDF Solutions template and connector based layout design methodology that enables designers to achieve competitive layout density by limiting layout patterns. The use of this methodology enables a 25X pattern count reduction compared to the gridded logic layouts and is the only solution available that ensure pattern count saturation within a 40um x 40um random block of logic. Results on SMO compatibility have been highlighted by the collaborative work between ASML and PDF Solutions. In this paper we have discussed the development of a layout fabric developed for SMO and DPT compatibility, the definition of the base template and corresponding connector templates to provide the fabric constraints to designers and results highlighting the lithographic benefits of this approach. In effect, we have proposed a design solution that can provide a low-risk 20nm technology node enablement.
2-(2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-iodo-phenylamino)-ethanol (2008)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Commercially Available Au Colloids (1990)

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has received considerable attention in recent years as an analytical technique and was the subject of a recent review article. The principal reasons for this attention are the sensitivity of the technique and the considerable information inherent in a Raman spectrum. Many different types of SER substrates have been described for analytical purposes including metal electrodes, metal colloids, and metal-coated substrates, such as Ag-coated microspheres and microspheres deposited on filter paper, as well as Ag-coated paper and fumed silica. Of these substrates, metal-coated fumed silica, metal colloids, and filter paper are particularly attractive because of the ease of sample preparation. The use of metal-colloid solutions has the added advantage that conventional liquid sample cells, may be used. Although sample preparation is simple with metal colloids after they are made, it is time consuming to prepare the colloids themselves. To obtain reproducible and optimal results, it is necessary to sort the colloids according to size before they are used. Although simple sorting methods have been described, they are time consuming, requiring many days for the colloids to settle and separate. On the other hand, some colloids can be stable for months once they are prepared and sorted.
Classification of high-dimensional data using the Sparse Matrix Transform (2010)

In this paper, we develop a classification method for high-dimensional data based on the Sparse Matrix Transform (SMT). The recently proposed SMT has been shown to produce more accurate estimates of covariance matrices when the number of training samples n is much less than the number of dimensions p of the data. Here we introduce a classifier that uses the SMT to model the covariance structure of the data. Experiments in face recognition using the FERET face database show that our method is superior to a conceptually very similar and low-dimensional method in at least two key aspects: First, the SMT classifier is more robust to the size of the training set, remaining accurate even when only a few training samples are available; Second, the total computation required to apply the SMT classifier to high-dimensional data is very low, making this method attractive for use in low-power and mobile devices, or in application settings requiring fast computation.
A study of OFDM signal detection using cyclostationarity (2009)

Abstract — In a Spectrum Pooling context, Cognitive Radio nodes have to perform spectrum sensing in order to find available spectrum holes. In this paper, OFDM cyclostationarity is studied as the best detector choice to find white spaces in the spectrum. OFDM signal detection can be performed using the induced cyclostationarity of the cyclic prefix. On the other hand, OFDM signal identification can be performed through the use of pilot patterns. These two cyclostationary based detectors are tested in different channel conditions using simulations. In addition, some unsolved issues of the OFDM detection context are discussed.
HIV inhibitory natural products. Part 7. The calanolides, a novel HIV-inhibitory class of coumarin derivatives from the tropical rainforest tree, Calophyllum lanigerum. [Erratum to document cited in CA117(11):108101g] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleHIV inhibitory natural products. Part 7. The calanolides, a novel HIV-inhibitory class of coumarin derivatives from the tropical rainforest tree, Calophyllum lanigerum. [Erratum to document cited in CA117(11):108101g]Yoel Kashman, Kirk R. Gustafson, Richard W. Fuller, John H. Cardellina II, James B. McMahon, Michael J. Currens, Robert W. Buckheit Jr., Stephen H. Hughes, Gordon M. Cragg, and Michael R. BoydCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 8, 1110Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00060a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00060a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views188Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel domain wall dynamics in synthetic antiferromagnets (2017)

In this article, we review fascinating new mechanisms on recently observed remarkable current driven domain wall motion in nanowires formed from perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnets interfaced with heavy metallic layers, sources of spin-orbit torques. All the associated torques such as volumetric adiabatic and non-adiabatic spin-transfer-torque, spin-orbit torques, shape anisotropy field torques, Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya interaction torques and most importantly a new powerful torque, exchange coupling torque, will be discussed based on an analytical model that provides an intuitive description of domain wall dynamics in synthetic ferromagnets as well as synthetic antiferromagnets. In addition, the current driven DW motion in the presence of in-plane fields will be investigated, thus deepening our knowledge about the role of the exchange coupling torque, which will be of potential use for application to various novel spintronic devices.