gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal pattern of expression and colocalization of microglia/macrophage phenotype markers following brain ischemic injury in mice (2011)

Abstract Background Emerging evidence indicates that, similarly to what happens for peripheral macrophages, microglia can express different phenotypes depending on microenvironmental signals. In spite of the large literature on inflammation after ischemia, information on M/M phenotype marker expression, their colocalization and temporal evolution in the injured brain is lacking. The present study investigates the presence of microglia/macrophage phenotype markers, their temporal expression, whether they are concomitantly expressed by the same subpopulation, or they are expressed at distinct phases or locations in relation to the ischemic lesion. Methods Volume of ischemic lesion, neuronal counts and TUNEL staining were assessed in C57Bl/6 mice at 6-12-24-48 h and 7d after permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. At the same time points, the expression, distribution in the lesioned area, association with a definite morphology and coexpression of the microglia/macrophage markers CD11b, CD45, CD68, Ym1, CD206 were assessed by immunostaining and confocal microscopy. Results The results show that: 1) the ischemic lesion induces the expression of selected microglia/macrophage markers that develop over time, each with a specific pattern; 2) each marker has a given localization in the lesioned area with no apparent changes during time, with the exception of CD68 that is confined in the border zone of the lesion at early times but it greatly increases and invades the ischemic core at 7d; 3) while CD68 is expressed in both ramified and globular CD11b cells, Ym1 and CD206 are exclusively expressed by globular CD11b cells. Conclusions These data show that the ischemic lesion is accompanied by activation of specific microglia/macrophage phenotype that presents distinctive spatial and temporal features. These different states of microglia/macrophages reflect the complexity of these cells and their ability to differentiate towards a multitude of phenotypes depending on the surrounding micro-environmental signals that can change over time. The data presented in this study provide a basis for understanding this complex response and for developing strategies resulting in promotion of a protective inflammatory phenotype.
Tecnologías y señales (2009)

En la última década del siglo XX, las telecomunicaciones protagonizaron un gran avance a nivel mundial, haciendo real el concepto de ?mundo globalizado? que conocemos hoy. El avance tecnológico a nivel mundial se realizó en base al esfuerzo cooperativo, o sinergia, entre investigadores tecnológicos, desarrolladores de productos, y usuarios. Por diversas razones históricas, en nuestro país no se incentivó este proceso de innovación y desarrollo tecnológico. Como resultado, en la actualidad no se cuenta con planes de fortalecimiento del área en ningún concepto, educación, entrenamiento, industria.En la Argentina actual, el ámbito industrial concentra sus actividades alrededor del suministro de equipamientos importados y del mantenimiento de los mismos. Existe poca transferencia tecnológica para la creación de soluciones originales e innovadoras. Estructurar la investigación académica en el área de las telecomunicaciones representa el primer paso para construir la innovación industrial en este mismo ámbito. (Capítulo 5.2)
Use of long implants with distal anchorage in the skull base for treatment of extreme maxillary atrophy: The remote bone anchorage concept (2013)

The objectives of this study are to present a new concept of the bone anchorage using long implants in remote bone sites and to discuss four cases treated with this method. Our patients were treated with long implants with a distant anchorage in the skull bone. The planning procedure, the construction of the drill guide, and the surgical protocol are described. In the clinical cases described, all four patients were rehabilitated with the remote bone anchorage concept using long implants anchored in the skull base. Patients were followed for 5-12 years and the implants remained present and stable in these time periods. The skull base implant is a new concept of bone anchorage using long implants. It can be a solution for complicated clinical situations (often failed bone reconstructions and implant placements) or an alternative for bone grafting and maxillary augmentation procedures. There is effective implant retention in the skull base, an anatomical area that is often overlooked for implant placement.
Nonlinear interactions in gas-filled photonic band-gap fibers (2004)

We discuss recent studies of nonlinear optical processes in gas-filled photonic band-gap fibers. Such fibers can support pulses with intensities of 1013 W/cm2 over distances exceeding 100 meters and thus allow for unexplored regimes of nonlinear optics with gases.
A Single Molecular Stoichiometric P‐Source for Phase‐Selective Synthesis of Crystalline and Amorphous Iron Phosphide Nanocatalysts (2020)

Abstract The formation of iron phosphide nanoparticles (Fe x P NPs) is a well‐studied process. It usually uses air‐sensitive phosphorus precursors such as n ‐trioctylphosphine or white phosphorus. In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of a remarkably stable tetrakis(acyl)cyclotetraphosphane, P 4 (MesCO) 4 . We demonstrate that this compound can be used as a stoichiometric source of P(0) species in order to synthesize FeP and Fe 2 P nanoparticles at only 250 °C. This tunable process provides a route to monodisperse nanoparticles with different compositions and crystallinities. We combine X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic pair distribution function (PDF) in order to study the local order and bonding in the amorphous and crystalline materials. We show that crystalline FeP forms via an intermediate amorphous phase (obtained at a lower temperature) that presents local order similar to that of the crystalline sample. From the results of this work, a better understanding of the mechanism of the formation of amorphous and crystalline Fe x P NPs is provided which relies on the use of a stoichiometric and single P‐source. We then explore the electrocatalytic properties of Fe x P nanoparticles for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic and neutral electrolytes. In both electrolytes, amorphous FeP is a more efficient catalyst than crystalline FeP, itself more efficient than crystalline Fe 2 P. Our study paves the way for a more systematic investigation of amorphous metal phosphide phases in electrocatalysis. It also shows the beneficial properties of PDF on the characterization of such nanomaterials, which is highly challenging.
Sustained delivery of a HIV subunit vaccine using silk microneedle skin patches (2017)

Abstract Many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV exhibit high degrees of somatic hypermutation, suggesting that immunization approaches promoting germinal center (GC) stimulation and affinity maturation may be critical for an HIV vaccine. To this end, we recently demonstrated that sustained exposure of draining lymph nodes (LNs) to env immunogens through repeated injections over 2 weeks enhanced env capture on follicular dendritic cell networks in LNs, with Tfh expansion and GC induction. To obtain similar sustained vaccine kinetics for mass immunization, we developed a submicron-scale dissolving silk microneedle array (MN) for dermal vaccine delivery. We utilized silk protein to encapsulate an HIV envelope trimer (BG505 SOSIP variants) with adjuvants supported by a poly acrylic acid (PAA) base. Upon dermal application, rapid PAA dissolution is followed by silk beta sheet-dependent sustained release of encapsulated vaccine with minimal local inflammation. Antigenicity of SOSIP was maintained in silk as determined by binding to structure-sensitive bNAbs- PGT151, PGT145, PGT121 and VRCO1 without binding to non-bNAb 14e. Following immunization in mice, skin and draining LNs were subjected to lipid clearance using organic solvents and imaged by confocal microscopy. We observed SOSIP and silk co-retention at the skin site of microneedle application after one week. MN delivery resulted in higher SOSIP retention and increased SOSIP-specific T follicular helper cells in the GCs of vaccine draining LNs on day 14 post prime, and increased anti-SOSIP IgG titers on day 28 post prime compared to intradermal injections. Taken together, these results suggest the potential of silk MNs in modulating release of HIV subunit vaccine.
Size-selective photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy in CdTe quantum dots (2003)

We present a photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation study of CdTe quantum dots, prepared via a novel organometallic approach. The global photoluminescence (excited at the energy above the absorption edge) showed a red shift of 75 meV with respect to the first absorption peak. This band edge emission was found to be strongly dependent on the excitation photon. Resonant emission spectra showed a pronounced spectral shift and line narrowing with decreasing excitation energy. The resonant Stokes shifts were extracted from photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation data. The minimum magnitude of the resonant Stokes shift of 14 meV was obtained at room temperature.
First Clinical Experience with TRV027: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Healthy Volunteers (2013)

TRV027 is a novel β-arrestin biased peptide ligand of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). The compound antagonizes G protein coupling while simultaneously stimulating β-arrestin-mediated signaling. In preclinical studies, TRV027 reversibly reduced blood pressure while preserving renal function in a dog tachypaced heart failure model and stimulating cardiomyocyte contractility in vitro. This profile suggests that TRV027 may have unique benefits in acute heart failure, a condition associated with renin-angiotensin system activation. A first-time-in-human study was conducted with ascending doses of TRV027 to explore its tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers. Subjects' salt intake was restricted to stimulate RAS activation. In this study TRV027 was safe and well tolerated with a short-half-life (ranging between 2.4 and 13.2 minutes) and dose-proportional increases in systemic exposure. Consistent with the pre-clinical findings, TRV027 reduced blood pressure to a greater degree in subjects with RAS activation, measured as elevated plasma renin activity, than in those with normal PRA levels. This study in sodium-restricted healthy subjects suggests that TRV027 will successfully target a core mechanism of acute heart failure pathophysiology. Further clinical studies with TRV027 in patients with heart failure are underway.
Luminescent Diiridium Complexes with Bridging Pyrazolates: Characterization and Fabrication of OLEDs Using Vacuum Thermal Deposition (2018)

Abstract A series of novel diiridium complexes ( 1 – 4 ) bearing both functional 2‐pyrazolyl‐6‐phenyl pyridine chelate and bidentate phenyl imidazolylidene chelate are synthesized, for which the pyrazolate fragment of the tridentate 2‐pyrazolyl‐6‐phenyl pyridine also behaves as the bridge to hold two iridium atoms in close vicinity. Their structure is unambiguously confirmed using X‐ray structure determination on the corresponding derivative 2a bearing 1,3‐bis(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1H‐Imidazolyl cyclometalate. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties are studied and further affirmed by the computational approaches. All these Ir(III) metal complexes 1 – 4 are very stable in both solution and solid film with near unity emission quantum efficiency. As opposed to most of diiridium complexes documented in literature, 1 – 4 are volatile and suitable for fabrication of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) under vacuum evaporation. The corresponding electroluminescent devices exhibit superior performance, among which external quantum efficiency of 27.6% using 2 as dopant stands for the record high of OLEDs using dinuclear Ir(III) complexes. They also offer a low roll‐off at high luminance, demonstrating their potential en route to high performance OLEDs.
Relative resistance of HIV-1 founder viruses to control by interferon-alpha (2019)

Background: Following mucosal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission, type 1 interferons (IFNs) are rapidly induced at sites of initial virus replication in the mucosa and draining lymph nodes. However, the role played by IFN-stimulated antiviral activity in restricting HIV-1 replication during the initial stages of infection is not clear. We hypothesized that if type 1 IFNs exert selective pressure on HIV-1 replication in the earliest stages of infection, the founder viruses that succeed in establishing systemic infection would be more IFN-resistant than viruses replicating during chronic infection, when type 1 IFNs are produced at much lower levels. To address this hypothesis, the relative resistance of virus isolates derived from HIV-1-infected individuals during acute and chronic infection to control by type 1 IFNs was analysed. Results: The replication of plasma virus isolates generated from subjects acutely infected with HIV-1 and molecularly cloned founder HIV-1 strains could be reduced but not fully suppressed by type 1 IFNs in vitro. The mean IC50 value for IFNα2 (22 U/ml) was lower than that for IFNβ (346 U/ml), although at maximally-inhibitory concentrations both IFN subtypes inhibited virus replication to similar extents. Individual virus isolates exhibited differential susceptibility to inhibition by IFNα2 and IFNβ, likely reflecting variation in resistance to differentially up-regulated IFN-stimulated genes. Virus isolates from subjects acutely infected with HIV-1 were significantly more resistant to in vitro control by IFNα than virus isolates generated from the same individuals during chronic, asymptomatic infection. Viral IFN resistance declined rapidly after the acute phase of infection: in five subjects, viruses derived from six-month consensus molecular clones were significantly more sensitive to the antiviral effects of IFNs than the corresponding founder viruses. Conclusions: The establishment of systemic HIV-1 infection by relatively IFNα-resistant founder viruses lends strong support to the hypothesis that IFNα plays an important role in the control of HIV-1 replication during the earliest stages of infection, prior to systemic viral spread. These findings suggest that it may be possible to harness the antiviral activity of type 1 IFNs in prophylactic and potentially also therapeutic strategies to combat HIV-1 infection.
Mechanism of Gradual Increase of Gate Current in High-K Gate Dielectrics and Its Application to Reliability Assessment (2006)

To establish the reliability model of the high-k gate dielectrics in the EOT-scaled regime, the gradual increase of the leakage current during the stress time, which makes the precise detection of the breakdown harder, has been studied. It has been clarified that multiple occurrence of soft breakdown (SBD) at plural local spots is the cause of the gradual increase, along with a large initial leakage current. Based on this mechanism, a model for the gradual increase has been proposed. The proposed multiple SBD-based model gives us a warning that we will obtain inaccurate values of the Weibull slope (beta) and the time to breakdown (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> or eta), if we do not take into account this mechanism. To avoid such evaluations, a simple reliability assessment method has been also proposed, which realizes the accurate prediction of the breakdown statistics even without experimental detections of the first breakdown
Asymmetric Synthesis of the Tricyclic Core of NGF-Inducing Cyathane Diterpenes via a Transition-Metal-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloaddition (2001)

[reaction: see text] A concise asymmetric synthesis of the tricyclic core of cyathane diterpenes is described, based on a novel transition-metal-catalyzed intramolecular [5 + 2] cycloaddition of ynone-vinylcyclopropane 10 (assembled from commercially available (S)-(-)-limonene), which proceeds in 90% yield with >95% selectivity. This strategy provides efficient access (14 steps and 13% overall yield) to potential analogues as well as precursors of nerve growth factor (NGF)-inducing diterpenes.
UAV-to-UAV communications in cellular networks (2020)

Comunicació presentada a: 2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), celebrat el 21 de novembre de 2019 a Istambul, Turquia.
Application of Phase-Averaging Methods to Sweeping Supersonic Jets (2021)

This paper examines various methods for phase averaging the flowfield of a sweeping supersonic jet emanating from a scaled fluidic oscillator. Determination of the phase-averaged flowfield is challenging, especially at high oscillation frequencies where there is a jitter in the periodicity caused by its inherent fluid dynamics. Several phase-averaging approaches (including mathematical, signal processing, and phase-lock techniques) applied to time-resolved schlieren images of the flowfield are described. Criteria for evaluation are based on the image distribution per phase bin, the centerline intensity profile of the phase-averaged schlieren image, and the cross correlation of the images with the time-averaged reference image. Examination of the different methods based on the criteria shows that the zero-crossing method is sufficiently accurate and most suitable for the naturally oscillating flowfield investigated in this study. Although the phase-locked approach works well at specific phase angles, overall, it is found unsuitable for the current test conditions. The zero-crossing method applied to a sweeping supersonic jet schlieren reveals shock structure distortion when switching directions in the oscillation cycle. Results indicate that the zero-crossing method described in this study can also be extended to other non-time-resolved quantitative and qualitative flowfield measurement techniques using a simultaneously acquired time-resolved reference signal.
Gene Discovery and Microarray‐Based Transcfuptome Analysis of the Grass‐Endophyte Association (2005)

This chapter contains section titled: Biology of Grass-Endophyte Symbioses Fungal Genomics Gened Iscovery in Epichloe-Neotyphodium Endophytes Discovery of Est-Derived Ssr and Snp Markers Fungal Transcriptomics Microarry-Based Transcriptome Analysis Summary Acknowledgments References
The Value of Technical Information in the Unbundled Electric Market (2008)

For many years, the electric power industry treated electricity as a unique commodity sold to costumers. Nowadays, the new electricity industry has identified several key ancillary services. Under this new scenario, the producer's primary goal is the selection of services in which to participate via assessing the potential profits as part of the decision-making. Purchasing additional information can help reduce uncertainty and identify the optimum market scenarios. However, it will require market participants to analyze both perfect and imperfect information. The price that the decision maker may be willing to pay to resolve an uncertainty depends on the value of the information. This paper will investigate the identification and value of technical system information available for purchase from system operators.
Elevated serum levels of the growth factor GP88 are found in breast cancer patients when compared to healthy individuals. (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2006 Background: GP88 is an autocrine growth factor that plays a critical role in breast tumorigenesis. GP88 is expressed in human BC tumors in a positive correlation with their tumorigenicity. Increased GP88 expression is associated with resistance to anti-estrogen therapy in ER + cells and with herceptin resistance in Her-2 overexpressing breast tumors. Inhibition of GP88 expression in human breast adenocarcinoma inhibited tumor incidence and growth in nude mice. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that GP88 was expressed in invasive ductal carcinomas in correlation with the expression of poor prognosis markers whereas normal tissues and benign lesions were negative. High GP88 expression in tumor biopsies was accompanied by decreased disease-free survival. Since GP88 can be secreted, we have hypothesized that GP88 could be secreted in the circulation and found in serum. We examined whether GP88 could be found in the circulation and whether GP88 could be elevated in the sera of breast cancer patients when compared to healthy individuals.&amp;#x2028; Methods: An IRB approved blood sampling study was conducted at the University of Maryland Breast Clinic to determine the serum level of GP88 in healthy volunteers (HV) and breast cancer patients (BC pts). Serum GP88 concentration was determined in triplicate by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. 189 BC pts were accrued. In addition, sera from 18 HV were obtained to establish a GP88 baseline in healthy volunteers. BC patient characteristics: Race: Caucasian- 91, African American-92, Asian-6; median age, 51 (range 29-86), stage I – 48, II - 52, III – 26, IV - 63.&amp;#x2028; Results: Circulating GP88 was measurable in the serum. Median level of GP88 was 28.7 ng/ml (range 16.6-38.2) in HV; 40.7 ng/ml (range 6.4-100) in early stage (stage 1 –3) BC pts (p- value = 0.007) and 45.3 ng/ml (range 9.8 to 158.4) in stage 4 metastatic BC patients (p-value= 0.0007). Statistically significant increase in circulating GP88 level was found in early stages as well as in metastatic disease. Correlation studies with BC prognostic factors such as stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, tumor grade and presence of ER and HER-2 will be presented.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: GP88 can be detected in the sera of HV and BC pts. Comparison between the two groups of subjects indicates that GP88 level is significantly higher in the sera of BC pts. These studies are important as they identify as a measurable circulating biomarker GP88 that is also a therapeutic target of malignant transformation or malignant progression of breast carcinoma (BC). Future studies will examine whether there is any correlation between the serum level of GP88 and therapeutic response to systemic therapy in breast cancer patients.&amp;#x2028; This study was supported by grant from MIPS, the Avon Foundation and 1R43 CA 124179-01A1 from the National Institutes of Health. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2006.
Fibroblast proliferation during myocardial development in rats is regulated by IGF-1 receptors (1995)

To determine whether the growth of cardiac fibroblasts during development is modulated by the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor (IGF-1R), the expression of IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGF-1R was determined in fibroblasts from fetal and postnatal hearts. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA polymerase-alpha was also evaluated in combination with the estimation of DNA replication. In comparison with fetal hearts, at postnatal day 21, fibroblast expression of IGF-1R mRNA, IGF-2, PCNA, and DNA polymerase-alpha was reduced by 77, 70, 80, and 86%, respectively. Moreover, IGF-1R protein decreased by 48% at 21 days. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling decreased by 88 and 89% in the left and right ventricle, respectively, at this time. Two different antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to IGF-1R reduced DNA replication by 60 and 44% in fibroblasts in culture. In addition, this intervention markedly attenuated the growth response of fibroblasts to IGF-1 or serum. In conclusion, the IGF-1R system appears to play a major role in the regulation of fibroblast growth in the heart in vivo.