gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a Near-Isentropic Supersonic Inlet Using Active Control (2005)

At wo-dimensional Mach 2.2 internal compression with 97% total pressure recovery has been designed using viscid-inviscid computational tools. Losses are minimized by careful boundary-layer management combined with shape design for weak shocks. The resulting has reduced stability to unstart in the face of atmospheric and engine-borne disturbances, necessitating the use of an active stabilization bleed system that recovers the disturbance-rejection capabilities required of modern inlets. Atmospheric disturbances that the may en- counter during supersonic flight are characterized. Two separate physical mechanisms for unstart are identified, and active control algorithms to prevent these forms of unstart are designed and demonstrated using one- and two-dimensional unsteady Euler simulations. The resulting actively stabilized can withstand flight velocity, temperature, and angle-of-attack perturbations consistent with atmospheric flight. N acts as an interface between the freestream and an air- craft propulsion system. The flow is decelerated to a Mach number required at the compressor face, and energy is recovered in the form of increased pressure. Although it is theoretically possible to design an to achieve virtually isentropic compression of the supersonic flow to sonic conditions, in practice this may be impos- sible to realize due to flow disturbances and geometric variations in the inlet. Because shock waves contribute to loss in pressure recov- ery, a more realistic design is one that can achieve near-isentropic internal compression with a number of weak oblique shock waves and a weak terminal normal shock just behind the throat to decel- erate the flow to subsonic conditions. Such a design is shown in Fig. 1. The potential payoff of such a high-recovery is significant. In the case of a typical 100,000-lb (45,300 kg) supersonic aircraft, such as the quiet supersonic platform, improving the recovery to 97% in cruise could increase the range by approximately 500 n miles. 1 In addition, because most supersonic inlets require bleed on the order of 8% of the flow to stabilize the terminal shock and control boundary-layer separation for the worst-case atmospheric disturbances, the reduced bleed requirement of the present design, primarily due to the weaker shock waves, may lead to additional gains at the system level. The price of achieving high recovery is reduced stability to flow disturbances. These include atmospheric disturbances entering the and engine-borne disturbances traveling upstream from the compressor face. These disturbances can cause a normal shock blowout event known as inlet 2 Inlet unstart results in a severe increase in drag due to flow spillage and formation of a strong shock wave at the lip. In addition, the accompanying decrease in mass flow through the may also result in engine surge. We can define the unstart tolerance of the as the magnitude of the disturbance that can be tolerated without unstart. The tradeoff between stability and pressure recovery is primarily a conse- quence of the strength of the terminal normal shock. 3 Thus, an
Dimensionnement Magneto-Mécanique des Plots Feuilletés d'un Multiplicateur Magnétique pour l'Éolien de Forte Puissance (2017)

International audience
How Variable Are Achilles Allografts Used for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? A Biomechanical Study (2018)

Surgeons should be aware that there exists considerable variation in the mechanical properties of Achilles allograft tendons used for ACLR. This variability is difficult to detect by tissue bank screening or the treating surgeon's inspection and may contribute to the heterogeneity in outcomes of allograft ACLR.
Failure contributors of my electrical equipment and condition assessment program development (2002)

Implementation of condition assessment, or condition-based maintenance, involves many disciplines, such as failure analysis, online diagnostics, diagnostic data interpretation, management and communication, follow-up corrective actions and, lastly, the program maintenance. One of the difficult areas in the development of a comprehensive condition assessment program is the analysis of the probable contributing causes of failures, and selection of the appropriate online diagnostic tools to address the correct failure contributors. The specific failure contributors of the electrical power transmission and distribution equipment are documented in various sources, such as IEEE. This paper illustrates the process of development of a comprehensive condition assessment program for medium-voltage switchgear using the statistical data pertaining to the equipment failure contributing causes. Particular attention is given to the selection of specific online diagnostic techniques that are available today and that will address the specific failure contributors. Presented only briefly are the outage costs and reliability-centered maintenance concepts, related to a condition assessment program.
This Remote Part of the World: Regional Formation in Lower Cape Fear, North Carolina, 1725-1775 (2005)

Between 1700 and 1775 no colony in British America experienced more impressive growth than North Carolina, and no region within the colony developed as rapidly as the Lower Cape Fear. Totally uninhabited by Europeans in 1700, this isolated corner of North Carolina's southern coast is particularly noteworthy for its relatively late colonization and its rapid rise to economic prominence. First settled in 1725, the region grew to be the most prosperous in North Carolina by 1775. In his study of this eighteenth-century settlement, Bradford J. Wood explores frontier development in a region surrounded by more-established communities. Challenging many commonly held beliefs, he presents the Lower Cape Fear as a prime example for understanding North Carolina - and the entirety of colonial America - as a patchwork of regional cultures. Employing social history tools used in studies of New England and Chesapeake but seldom applied to colonies further south, Wood examines probate, legal, real estate, and tax records to recreate the lives of 5,000 Cape Fear residents during the era 1725 to 1775. Rarely have such methods of intensive archival research, collective biography, and computer-driven s
GReS: Workshop on Graph Neural Networks for Recommendation and Search (2021)

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently gained significant momentum in the recommendation community, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance in top-k recommendation and next-item recommendation. Despite promising results on GNN-based recommendation and search, most of the current GNN research remains essentially concentrated on more traditional tasks such as classification or regression. The GReS workshop on Graph Neural Networks for Recommendation and Search is then a first endeavor to bridge the gap between the RecSys and GNN communities, and promote recommendation and search problems amongst GNN practitioners.
Coiled-Tubing Deployment of Hydrajet-Fracturing Technique Enhances Safety and Flexibility, Reduces Job Time (2004)

Abstract Hydrajet fracturing, a relatively new stimulation technology for horizontal completions, has already proven successful in oil and gas wells across three continents. This multistage fracture stimulation method has primarily used jointed pipe to achieve hydraulic fracturing injection rates. The recent introduction of large OD coiled-tubing (CT) to the process has improved operating flexibility, reduced job time, and significantly enhanced health, safety, and environmental (HSE) performance. For some operations, it can also provide cost savings. Before 2003, most CT-conveyed applications of this process typically were limited to hydrajet-assisted acid-squeeze injections, with only a few low-rate acid-frac treatments performed. By using larger-OD coiled tubing, operators have placed propped fracture treatments to approximately 8,000 ft measured depth (MD) at treating rates up to 10 bbl/min. The use of a combined workstring consisting of jointed pipe connected to a surface string of CT can enable these multi-stage treatments to be placed in much deeper reservoirs, effectively doubling or tripling the depth capability of a CT-deployed treatment. For many applications this capability would provide the flexibility, speed, and safety inherent to coiled-tubing operations with a spool of only a few thousand feet, and jointed pipe would not be exposed to high treating pressures at the surface. This paper reviews several field applications where coiled tubing was used to deploy hydraulic jet fracture treatments. One field case is compared directly to an earlier treatment in the same reservoir, which had been pumped through jointed pipe.
Degenerate five-carbon scrambling in the 7-norbornadienyl cation (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegenerate five-carbon scrambling in the 7-norbornadienyl cationRonald K. Lustgarten, Maurice. Brookhart, and Saul. WinsteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 24, 6350–6352Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01000a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01000a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bleomycin may be activated for DNA cleavage by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase (1984)

In the presence of NADPH and O2, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was found to activate Fe(III)-bleomycin A2 for DNA strand scission. Consistent with observations made previously when cccDNA was incubated in the presence of bleomycin and Fe(II) + O2 or Fe(III) + C6H5IO, degradation of DNA by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activated Fe(III)-bleomycin A2 produced both single- and double-strand nicks with concomitant formation of malondialdehyde (precursors). Cu(II)-bleomycin A2 also produced nicks in SV40 DNA following activation with NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, but these were not accompanied by the formation of malondialdehyde (precursors). These findings confirm the activity of copper bleomycin in DNA strand scission and indicate that it degrades DNA in a fashion that differs mechanistically from that of iron bleomycin. The present findings also-establish the most facile pathways for enzymatic activation of Fe(III)-bleomycin and Cu(II)-bleomycin, provide data concerning the nature of the activated metallobleomycins, and extend the analogy between the chemistry of cytochrome P-450 and bleomycin.
Audio cloud (2012)

Word clouds are extensively used to present a summary of the prominent words in a document on the World Wide Web. Such clouds give the user an idea about the content of the document. In this paper we present a mechanism to create and render an audio cloud for audio content. Such audio clouds are expected to provide a similar summary of the audio documents. They have wide applicability in various domains, especially for low-literate users who currently do not use the Internet but interact with audio-based systems.
Land-Based Birds as Potential Disseminators of Avian/Mammalian Reassortant Influenza A Viruses (2003)

Chickens, quail, and other land-based birds are extensively farmed around the world. They have been recently implicated in zoonotic outbreaks of avian influenza in Hong Kong. The possibility that land-based birds could act as mixing vessels or disseminators of avian/mammalian reassortant influenza A viruses with pandemic potential has not been evaluated. In this report, we investigated whether chickens and Japanese quail are susceptible to a mammalian influenza virus (A/swine/Texas/4199-2/98 [H3N2]). This virus did not grow in chickens and replicated to low levels in Japanese quail but did not transmit. Replacing the H3 gene of this virus for one of the avian H9 viruses resulted in transmission of the avian/swine reassortant virus among quail but not among chickens. Our findings demonstrated that Japanese quail could provide an environment in which viruses like the A/swine/Texas/4199-2/98 [H3N2] virus could further reassort and generate influenza viruses with pandemic potential.
GaN MQW microdisks pivoted on Si substrate (2006)

Abstract The fabrication and characterization of GaN MQW microdisks pivoted on Si is reported in this paper. The GaN microdisks were patterned by photolithography and dry‐etched. This is followed by an isotropic wet‐etch process to remove the Si underneath the GaN microdisks, exposing the bottom GaN surface. A Si pillar is left behind to support the microdisk structure. The smooth GaN/air interface provides a reflectivity of ∼20%. Modal features are observed in the photoluminescence spectrum with a mode spacing of ∼1.1 nm. From theoretical predictions whispering gallery (WG) modes are likely to dominate in these microdisks structures. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bessel beam spectral-domain high-resolution optical coherence tomography with micro-optic axicon providing extended focusing range (2008)

Endoscopic imaging in tubular structures, such as the tracheobronchial tree, could benefit from imaging optics with an extended depth of focus (DOF) to accommodate the varying sizes of tubular structures across patients and along the tree within the same patient. Yet the extended DOF needs to be accomplished without sacrificing resolution while maintaining sufficient sensitivity and speed of imaging. In this Letter, we report on the measured resolution and sensitivity achieved with a custom-made micro-optic axicon lens designed to theoretically achieve an 8 mm DOF. A measured invariant resolution of approximately 8 microm is demonstrated across a 4 mm measured DOF using the micro-optic axicon while achieving an invariant sensitivity of approximately 80 dB with a 25 mW input power. Double-pass Bessel beam spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with an axicon micro-optic lens (i.e., <1 mm in diameter) is, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrated in a biological sample demonstrating invariant resolution and signal-to-noise ratio across a 4 mm measured DOF, which is compared to Gaussian beam imaging.
Performance Analysis of Energy Detection over Mixture Gamma based Fading Channels with Diversity Reception (2016)

Abstract—The present paper is devoted to the evaluation of energy detection based spectrum sensing over different multipath fading and shadowing conditions. This is realized by means of a unified and versatile approach that is based on the particularly flexible mixture gamma distribution. To this end, novel analytic expressions are firstly derived for the probability of detection over MG fading channels for the conventional single-channel communication scenario. These expressions are subsequently em-ployed in deriving closed-form expressions for the case of square-law combining and square-law selection diversity methods. The validity of the offered expressions is verified through comparisons with results from respective computer simulations. Furthermore, they are employed in analyzing the performance of energy detection over multipath fading, shadowing and composite fading conditions, which provides useful insighs on the performance and design of future cognitive radio based communication systems. I.
Identification of polymorphisms within Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 and Disrupted in Schizophrenia 2, and an investigation of their association with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (2001)

We have undertaken a search for polymorphic sequence variation within Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 and Disrupted in Schizophrenia 2 (DISC1 and DISC2), which are both novel genes that span a translocation breakpoint strongly associated with schizophrenia and related psychoses in a large Scottish family. A scan of the coding sequence, intron/exon boundaries, and part of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of DISC1, plus 2.7 kb at the 3' end of DISC2, has revealed a novel microsatellite and 15 novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We have tracked the inheritance of four of the SNPs through multiply affected families, and carried out case-control association studies using the microsatellite and four common SNPs on populations of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder versus normal control subjects. Neither co-segregation with disease status nor significant association was detected; however, we could not detect linkage disequilibrium between all these markers in the control population, arguing that an even greater density of informative markers is required to test rigorously for association in this genomic region.
Analyzing the Impact of Die Positions inside the Power Module on the Reliability of Solder Layers for Different Power Cycling Scenarios (2023)

Solder layers, used as bonding material inside the power module to attach the semiconductor die on Direct Bond Copper (DBC) substrate and DBC substrate on baseplate, are one of the regions most prone to failure. The failure usually occurs in the form of solder cracks and depends on various operating conditions, such as-maximum temperature, temperature swing, and heating time. The cracks generated inside the solder layers can eventually result in its delamination. Power modules are usually power cycled to estimate the failure sites and mechanisms. However, the failure mechanisms can vary depending on the frequency, amplitude, and range of the temperature in the Power Cycling Tests (PCT). In this study, we have used the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics to analyse the impact of the PCT on both die attach, and baseplate attach solder layers. Additionally, the effect of the degree of asymmetry in the die position on the reliability of both the solder layers are analysed. The FEA (Finite Element Analysis) results are analysed to have a better understanding about the aspects impacting the lifetime of the power module.
Controlled Delivery of Stem Cell-Derived Trophic Factors Accelerates Kidney Repair After Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats (2019)

Renal disease is a worldwide health issue. Besides transplantation, current therapies revolve around dialysis, which only delays disease progression but cannot replace other renal functions, such as synthesizing erythropoietin. To address these limitations, cell-based approaches have been proposed to restore damaged kidneys as an alternative to current therapies. Recent studies have shown that stem cell-derived secretomes can enhance tissue regeneration. However, many growth factors undergo rapid degradation when they are injected into the body in a soluble form. Efficient delivery and controlled release of secreting factors at the sites of injury would improve the efficacy in tissue regeneration. Herein, we developed a gel-based delivery system for controlled delivery of trophic factors in the conditioned medium (CM) secreted from human placental stem cells (HPSCs) and evaluated the effect of trophic factors on renal regeneration. CM treatment significantly enhanced cell proliferation and survival in vitro. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was used as a delivery vehicle for CM. Analysis of the release kinetics demonstrated that CM delivery through the PRP gel resulted in a controlled release of the factors both in vitro and in vivo. In an acute kidney injury model in rats, functional and structural analysis showed that CM delivery using the PRP gel system into the injured kidney minimized renal tissue damage, leading to a more rapid functional recovery when compared with saline, CM, or vehicle only injection groups. These results suggest that controlled delivery of HPSC-derived trophic factors may provide efficient repair of renal tissue injury. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:959&970.
Transient cavitation in high-quality-factor resonators at high static pressures (2010)

It is well known that cavitation collapse can generate intense concentrations of mechanical energy, sufficient to erode even the hardest metals and to generate light emissions visible to the naked eye [sonoluminescence (SL)]. Considerable attention has been devoted to the phenomenon of "single bubble sonoluminescence" (SBSL) in which a single stable cavitation bubble radiates light flashes each and every acoustic cycle. Most of these studies involve acoustic resonators in which the ambient pressure is near 0.1 MPa (1 bar), and with acoustic driving pressures on the order of 0.1 MPa. This study describes a high-quality factor, spherical resonator capable of achieving acoustic cavitation at ambient pressures in excess of 30 MPa (300 bars). This system generates bursts of violent inertial cavitation events lasting only a few milliseconds (hundreds of acoustic cycles), in contrast with the repetitive cavitation events (lasting several minutes) observed in SBSL; accordingly, these events are described as "inertial transient cavitation." Cavitation observed in this high pressure resonator is characterized by flashes of light with intensities up to 1000 times brighter than SBSL flashes, as well as spherical shock waves with amplitudes exceeding 30 MPa at the resonator wall. Both SL and shock amplitudes increase with static pressure.
Developing Methods to Predict Health Outcomes in Trauma Patients (2020)

Electronic health records store a lot of data about a patient. These data often include race, age, health problems, current medicines, and lab results. Looking at these data may help doctors treating patients after a trauma predict how likely it is that they will respond well to a treatment and survive. This information can help doctors make better treatment decisions. But first, researchers need to figure out how to combine and analyze data to make accurate predictions.
High-aspect ratio submicrometer needles for intracellular applications (2003)

Presented is a processing technology to produce high aspect ratio submicrometer needles.This processing technique is required to create single or arrays of needles suited for intracellular interfacing.Pillars are created using deep reactive ion etching.The sharpening of the pillars is achieved by reactive ion etching.200-300 µm tall needles with a 200 nm wide tip have been produced.Integration with flexible electrical interconnects is described.