gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Common-Mode Noise Evaluation Study of Two-Level Voltage Source Inverter using Bus-Clamping Discontinuous PWM Strategies (2018)

For the common-mode (CM) noise reduction, many literatures have been reported on CM noise reduction using filters, passive or active, and impedance balancing which in both cases, extra devices needed to be added to the circuit that may increase not only the size of the system but also its cost. However, for different pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques, very few studies are available with the perspective of the conducted CM noise as well as common-mode voltage (CMV) reduction in spite of their cost-effective and flexible control advantages. This paper investigates the effect of different Bus-clamping PWM (BCPWM) techniques on the CMV, CM leakage current as well as electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise behavior due to fast switching power devices used in power electronic converters. Conventional space vector PWM (CSVPWM) as well as BCPWM principles are reviewed and their switching sequences are summarized. Timedomain simulations followed by frequency-domain analysis using Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm have been carried out and results are presented. It was determined that, the CMV and its subsequent CM noise can be reduced using BCPWM techniques.
Simultaneous photoacoustic detection of multiple inflammatory biomarkers using bioconjugated gold nanorods as selective targeting agents (2010)

In vitro cell experiments have been performed to detect the upregulation of ICAM-1 and E-selectin simultaneously by photoacoustics (PA). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were grown on gelatin-coated glass slides and stimulated with inflammatory cytokines to induce the expression of the inflammatory biomarkers ICAM-1 and E-selectin. Gold nanorods (GNR) of aspect ratio (AR) 1:3 with absorption centered at 715 nm conjugated to anti-ICAM-1 antibody and GNR of AR 1:3.5 with absorption centered at 800 nm conjugated to anti-E-Selectin were exposed to HUVECs with different stimulation conditions. A focused high frequency ultrasonic transducer (60 MHz, f/1.5) was used to scan the PA signal over the top surface of the cell containing slides. Averaged PA signal intensity from the stimulated cells was about 3 folds higher (9 dB) compared to the unstimulated cells for both ICAM-1 and E selectin. The strong binding of GNRs to the upregulated biomarker was evidenced by the fluorescence imaging. Exposure of HUVEC cells to GNR conjugated to isotype control antibodies confirms a low level non-specific binding.
Chalcogenophene Comonomer Comparison in Small Band Gap Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymers for High-Performing Field-Effect Transistors and Organic Solar Cells (2014)

The design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymers with different chalcogenophene comonomers (thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene) for use in field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices are reported. The effect of the heteroatom substitution on the optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties and charge carrier mobilities of these polymers is discussed. The results indicate that by increasing the size of the chalcogen atom (S < Se < Te), polymer band gaps are narrowed mainly due to LUMO energy level stabilization. In addition, the larger heteroatomic size also increases intermolecular heteroatom-heteroatom interactions facilitating the formation of polymer aggregates leading to enhanced field-effect mobilities of 1.6 cm(2)/(V s). Bulk heterojunction solar cells based on the chalcogenophene polymer series blended with fullerene derivatives show good photovoltaic properties, with power conversion efficiencies ranging from 7.1-8.8%. A high photoresponse in the near-infrared (NIR) region with excellent photocurrents above 20 mA cm(-2) was achieved for all polymers, making these highly efficient low band gap polymers promising candidates for use in tandem solar cells.
Flowable Semi-Solid Electrodes with Superconcentrated Electrolytes: An Electrochemical Impedance Study (2019)

Flow lithium batteries (FLB), featuring semi-solid anolyte and/or catholyte, and flow supercapacitors (FSC) working with flowable slurries of high surface are carbons, are emerging technologies in the energy storage scenario. Unlike conventional lithium batteries and supercapacitors, flow cells enable energy and power decoupling which is of great interest for system modularity. The use a flow configuration was also demonstrated to improve current and power output performance of lithium/oxygen batteries by enhancing oxygen mass transport to the cathode. The common requirement of FLB and FSC is that the flowable electrodes feature an effective percolating network. This is needed to achieve fast charge/electron transfer within the powders in the catholyte or anolyte and between the slurries and the current collectors. Carbon particles are often used to improve slurry conductivity. The morphology of the carbon particles, their concentration and interaction with the electrolyte carrier greatly impact on the electronic percolating network, and, then, on the cyclability of the flowable electrodes Here we report about an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study of carbon-based slurries featuring TEGDME-LiTFSI electrolyte. We demonstrate that moving from conventional to superconcentrated electrolytes has a structuring effect on the distribution of carbon particles of the slurry which improves the electronic percolation network, and, hence, charge transfer processes in flowable cells. This study aims at demonstrating EIS as a powerful and simple technique for the design of new formulations of advanced flow batteries and supercapacitors. References [1] A. Narayanan, D. Wijnperlé, F. Mugele, D. Buchholz, C. Vaalma, X. Dou, S. Passerini, M.H.G. Duits, Electrochim. Acta 251 (2017) 388–395. [2] I. Ruggeri, C. Arbizzani, F. Soavi, Electrochim. Acta 206 (2016) 291–300. [3] Ruggeri, Irene, Catia Arbizzani, and Francesca Soavi. "Carbonaceous catholyte for high energy density semi-solid Li/O2 flow battery." Carbon 130 (2018): 749-757. [3] Q. Huang, Q. Wang, ChemPlusChem 80 (2015) 312 – 322. [4] M. Duduta, B. Ho, V. C. Wood, P. Limthongkul, V. E. Brunini, W. Craig Carter, and Y.-M. Chiang, Adv. Energy Mater. 1 (2011) 511–516. [4] L. Morici, F. De Giorgio, F. Poli, A. Brilloni, F. Soavi, 69th Annual Meeting of International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), Bologna (Italy), 02-07/09/2018.
Two Cases of Pediatric Neuroblastoma With Tumor Thrombus in the Inferior Vena Cava (2002)

The authors describe two children with abdominal neuroblastoma with radiographic evidence of tumor extension into the inferior vena cava. Imaging studies were suggestive of Wilms tumor, but histologic analysis revealed neuroblastoma. In one patient a pulmonary embolus developed after initiation of cytotoxic therapy; the second patient was prophylactically anticoagulated and had no embolic event.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Bis‐Aldols by the Samarium(II) Iodide‐Mediated Aldol Reaction of Aldehydes with Aryl or Alkyl Oxiranyl Ketones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Properties of a Sterically Unencumbered δ-Silanediol Amino Acid (2012)

An amino acid carrying a 1-(4-dihydroxymethylsilyl)butyl side chain has been prepared in enantiomerically pure form as a potential inhibitor of the enzyme arginase, a pharmaceutical target. As a water-soluble silanediol, this compound was anticipated to be entropically stabilized against polymerization and siloxane formation. At 50 mM in D(2)O, the degree of oligomerization was found to be pH dependent, with diastereomeric mixtures formed on condensation. Above pH 11 the silane is largely monomeric.
Antiangiogenesis immunotherapy induces epitope spreading to Her-2/neu resulting in breast tumor immunoediting (2009)

Targeting tumors using cancer vaccine therapeutics has several advantages including the induction of long-term immunity, prime boost strategies for additional treatments and reduced side effects compared to conventional chemotherapeutics. However, one problem in targeting tumor antigens directly is that this can lead to antigen loss or immunoediting. We hypothesized that directing the immune response to a normal cell type required for tumor growth and survival could provide a more stable immunotherapeutic target. We thus examined the ability of an antiangiogenesis, Listeria monocytogenes (Lm)-based vector to deliver extracellular and intracellular fragments of the mouse vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/Flk-1 molecule, Lm-LLO-Flk-E1, and Lm-LLO-Flk-11 respectively, in an autochthonous model for Her-2/neu(+) breast cancer. We found that these vaccines could cause epitope spreading to the endogenous tumor protein Her-2/neu and significantly delay tumor onset. However, tumors that grew out overtime accumulated mutations in the Her-2/neu molecule near or within cytotoxic T lymphocytes epitopes. We show here for the first time how an antiangiogenesis immunotherapy can be used to delay the onset of a spontaneous tumor through epitope spreading and determine a possible mechanism of how immunoediting of an endogenous tumor protein can allow for tumor escape and outgrowth in an autochthonous mouse model for Her-2/neu(+) breast cancer.
Salinity dependence of complex conductivity of unconsolidated and consolidated materials: Comparisons with electrical double layer models (2012)

ABSTRACT We examined the dependence of imaginary conductivity (σ′′) on pore fluid conductivity (σw) for an extensive database of 67 samples acquired from twelve independent studies. We compared fitting of functions describing the salinity dependence of σ′′ for two models of the electrical double layer (EDL) polarization, both of which predict asymptotic behavior of σ′′ at high σw. We define these models as the diffuse layer polarization (DLP) and Stern layer polarization (SLP) models based on the physical description of the salinity dependence of the surface polarization. We also examined the database for evidence of a high salinity decrease in σ′′ not predicted by either model. The dependence of σ′′ on σw prior to the polarization plateau predicted by both models approximates a simple empirical power law with an average exponent of 0.34. The salinity dependence predicted by the DLP model adequately describes most data sets. A fitting parameter representing the high salinity σ′′ asymptote is strongly correlated (R2=0.822) with pore normalized specific surface (Spor). The SLP model describes well the observations when a recently proposed additive polarization term representing the contribution of the protons is included. In this case, the SLP model provides an excellent fit to the data sets, including a low salinity asymptote (in log-log conductivity space) seen in some samples. Predicted values of the fitting parameters of the SLP model generally are consistent with the values expected based on the theory; the fitting parameter describing the high salinity asymptote of the SLP model is also strongly correlated (R2=0.890) with Spor. The SLP and DLP models neglect a high salinity decrease in the polarization that is observed in numerous data sets from independent studies. New data acquired on a sandstone sample demonstrate that this high salinity decrease is likely not attributable to the limited phase accuracy of earlier measurements.
Programmable Nanophotonics for Quantum Simulation and Machine Learning (2017)

Beyond communication, silicon photonics is becoming a promising platform for both quantum and classical information processing. Here, we discuss our recent results on using programmable nanophotonic systems to simulate quantum phenomena found in solid-state and biological systems as well as the implementation of optical neural networks for deep learning.
Enabling sub-10nm node lithography: presenting the NXE:3400B EUV scanner (2017)

With the introduction of its fifth-generation EUV scanner, the NXE:3400B, ASML has brought EUV to High-Volume Manufacturing for sub-10nm node lithography. This paper presents lithographic performance results obtained with the NXE:3400B, characterized by an NA of 0.33, a Pupil Fill Ratio (PFR) of 0.2 and throughput capability of 125 wafers per hour (or wph). Advances in source power have enabled a further increase of tool productivity requiring an associated increase of stage scan speeds. To maximize the number of yielding die per day a stringent Overlay, Focus, and Critical Dimension (CD) control is required. Tight CD control at improved resolution is obtained through a number of innovations: the NXE:3400B features lower aberration levels and a revolutionary new illumination system, offering improved pupil-fill ratio and larger sigma range. Overlay and Focus are further improved by implementation of a new wafer clamp and improved scanner controls. The NXE:3400B also offers full support for reticle pellicles.
Cervarix&amp;trade;: a vaccine for the prevention of HPV 16, 18-associated cervical cancer (2008)

Archana Monie1, Chien-Fu Hung1,2, Richard Roden1,2,4, T-C Wu1,2,3,41Departments of Pathology, 2Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, and 4Oncology, 5Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USAAbstract: Cervical cancer continues to be the second largest cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Thus, prophylactic vaccination against HPV is an attractive strategy to prevent cervical cancer. Current strategies for the development of safe and effective preventive vaccines are based on the induction of neutralizing antibodies against the major capsid protein, L1 of HPV. Cervarix&amp;amp;trade; is one of the preventive HPV vaccines that has been approved in the Europe and Australia and is currently under review by the US Food and Drug Administration. Cervarix is composed of HPV16 and HPV18 L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) formulated in ASO4 adjuvant. Vaccination with Cervarix has been shown to protect women against a high proportion of precursor lesions of cervical cancer caused by these two HPV types. This review explores the various features of this new vaccine candidate and discusses the future directions in the field of HPV vaccine development.Keywords: HPV, L1, VLP, vaccine, Cervarix
N-Phenyl acrylamide-incorporated porous silica-bound graphene oxide sheets with excellent removal capacity for Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) from wastewater (2023)

The sophisticatedly altered Hummer's and sol-gel procedures were applied for the synthesis of graphene oxides and porous silica monolith particles respectively. The Fischer esterification protocol was used for coupling silica monoliths with graphene oxides. A <i>N</i>-phenyl acrylamide-incorporated porous polymer was synthesized at the surface of composites <i>via</i> reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The composition was confirmed by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, FE-SEM, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential (zeta pH), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET/BJH) analysis, and EDAX analysis. The resulting polymer-bound composite efficiently removed Cr(vi) and Cr(iii) from waste water. Adsorption parameters such as contact time, pH effect, temperature, and adsorbent and adsorbate concentration were optimized for the optimal output of the composite. The kinetic and equilibrium models were applied to the adsorption of Cr(vi) and Cr(iii) at the adsorbent surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (<i>q</i><sub>e</sub>) of Cr(vi) and Cr(iii) was found to be 298.507 mg g<sup>-1</sup> and 401.874 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, using the same initial concentration of Cr(vi) and Cr(iii) [10-60 ppm]. The adsorption data of both states of the Cr-metal followed the pseudo 2nd-order kinetic model with regression values of 0.996 ∼ Cr(vi) and 0.999 ∼ Cr(iii) at ambient temperature. Similarly, the adsorption data of Cr(vi) best fit into the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.972) while that of Cr(iii) followed the Freundlich model (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.983).
Tomato chilling injury threshold defined by the volatile profiles of pink harvested tomato fruit (2016)

ISHS XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014): International Symposia on Postharvest Knowledge for the Future and Consumer and Sensory Driven Improvements to Fruits and Nuts Tomato chilling injury threshold defined by the volatile profiles of pink harvested tomato fruit
A Hypothesis About the Role of Adult Neurogenesis in Hippocampal Function (2004)

The functional relevance of adult hippocampal neurogenesis has long been a matter of intense experimentation and debate, but the precise role of new neurons has not been sufficiently elaborated. Here we propose a hypothesis in which specific features of newly generated neurons contribute to hippocampal plasticity and function and discuss the most recent and relevant findings in the context of the proposed hypothesis.
Improvement on CDM ESD robustness of high-voltage tolerant nLDMOS SCR devices by using differential doped gate (2014)

Early failure has been observed during CDM ESD stress on high-voltage tolerant nLDMOS-SCR devices in a standard low-voltage CMOS technology due to the gate oxide (GOX) degradation. In this work, we propose a special p+/n+ differential doped gate which boosts the CDM ESD failure current level with a factor of 3 to 9.
Modtran4:simulating atmospheric radiation for cloudy conditions (1998)

The new MODTRAN4 band model, with its Correlated-k (CK) Beer’s Law algorithm, can efi e.g. DISORT. The second validation step centers on comparisons against a variety of measurements, mostly airborne visible and IR up-welling radiances, including both clear and clouded skies. However, in this instance, only simulations and sensitivity studies will be presented.
Lithography system evolution: a perspective on a methodology for the rapid determination of 0.25um process capability. (1994)

Introduction of new semiconductor technology to the market place depends on how quickly advanced research and development organizations can provide viable products. A methodology is described and examples given that reduce the development time associated with leading edge lithography systems. An interactive development loop focusing on improvement of dimensional control and depth of focus is discussed. Techniques to improve the areas of design, data collection and analysis are presented.
Factors related to a clinically silent peri-procedural drop in hemoglobin with coronary and peripheral vascular interventions (2011)

Clinically evident and subclinical peri-procedural bleeding following interventional therapies are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The risk factors for clinically evident bleeding have been well described. Despite the well-documented association of adverse outcomes for patients with a subclinical peri-procedural hemoglobin drop, the clinical predictors have not yet been defined. We identified 1176 consecutive patients with a subclinical drop in hemoglobin (fall of ≥ 1 g/dl in patients without clinical bleeding) following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and peripheral vascular interventions (PVI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. A subclinical peri-procedural hemoglobin drop ≥ 1 g/dl was identified in 41% (400/972) of PCI and in 49% (213/435) of PVI. More than one access site predicted a higher risk of a subclinical drop in hemoglobin in both groups. A body mass index ≥ 30 predicted a lower risk of a subclinical drop in hemoglobin in both groups. For PCI, creatinine clearance < 60 ml/min was associated with a higher risk of a subclinical drop in hemoglobin. In conclusion, clinically silent peri-procedural hemoglobin fall ≥ 1 g/dl is common in patients undergoing both coronary and peripheral percutaneous intervention. Predictors identified in our study will need prospective validation.
Multiband Media Access Control in Impulse-Based UWB Ad Hoc Networks (2007)

We propose a MAC protocol for use in multihop wireless networks that deploy an underlying UWB (ultra wide band)-based physical layer. We consider a multiband approach to better utilize the available spectrum, where each transmitter sends longer pulses in one of many narrower frequency bands. The motivation comes from the observation that, in the absence of a sophisticated equalizer, the size of a slot for transmitting a UWB pulse is typically dictated by the delay spread of the channel. Therefore, using a wider frequency band to shorten the transmission time for each pulse does not increase the data rate in proportion to the available bandwidth. Our approach allows data transmissions to be contiguous and practically interference free, and, thus, highly efficient. For practicality, we ensure the conformance of our approach to FCC-imposed emission limits. We evaluate our approach via extensive simulations, and our results demonstrate the significant advantages of our approach over single-band solutions: the throughput increases significantly and the number of collisions decreases considerably. Finally, we analyze the behavior of our MAC protocol in a single-hop setting in terms of its efficiency in utilizing the multiple bands
Towards early sepsis detection from measurements at the general ward through deep learning (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in the hospital. Several warning scores have been developed to categorize patients’ degrees of illness, with the purpose of recognizing sepsis development at an early stage and consequently reducing time before starting treatment. The most accurate classification method, known as the SOFA score, is developed for use in the intensive care unit (ICU). </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> Sepsis is not exclusively developing in the ICU and may occur in any hospitalized patient. Therefore, a method for sepsis recognition outside the ICU is of major importance. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Recently, the use of computational methods has been proposed for early sepsis prediction. Multiple sepsis classifiers have been devised using machine learning methods. We validated the linear classification model devised by Calvert et al. and improved upon it using a deep neural network trained on data from the MIMIC-III database. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The reference model based on Calvert et al. approach yielded an AUROC of 0.81 for a 3-hour prediction time. The deep neural network outperformed the linear model, reaching an AUROC of 0.85 for a 3-hour prediction time. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Our results are comparable to the high-resolution model derived by Nemati et al. yet using only 8 simple and commonly performed measurements, instead of the complex set of 65 measurements leveraged by Nemati et al. Therefore, sepsis prediction may also be viable in less monitored environments in the hospital, such as the general ward and the emergency room. </sec>