gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxydehydrogenation of propane to propylene with metal molybdates (1996)

Single and binary metal molybdates of the formula AMoO{sub 4}, where A=Ni, Co, Mg,Mn and/or Zn, were investigated for the oxydehydrogenation of propane to propylene, as well as some ternary molybdates of the formula NiO{sub 0.45}Co{sub 0.45}X{sub 0.066}MoO{sub 4} where X=P, Bi, Fe, Cr, V and Ce. All catalysts were supported on SiO{sub 2} with an active phase/support ratio of 80/20 (wt%). The reaction is catalytic and not a gas phase initiated reaction. It is first order in propane, consistent with the abstraction of the methylene hydrogen being the rate limiting step. Propane conversions and propylene yields vary greatly depending on the metal of the molybdate and surface area of the catalyst. Highest propylene yields (16% at 26.6% propane conversion) are obtained with NiMoO{sub 4}/SiO{sub 2}. Conversion and yield are significantly influenced by the molybdenum content of the compositions. The effect is biggest in the nickel molybdate system. Its optimum activity lies at the stoichiometric composition, with both molybdenum rich and molybdenum lean compositions being much less active. Conversely, cobalt molybdates` optimum activity lies at molybdenum lean compositions with the stoichiometric being intermediate and the molybdenum rich being the least active. Binary nickel-cobalt-molybdates are less sensitive to the molybdenum level.
Gold-Induced Crystallization of SiO2 and TiO2 Powders (2005)

Gold nanoparticles with an average size of ∼5 nm have been deposited with the aid of power ultrasound on the surface of silica submicrospheres and on the surface of mesoporous titania. The sonochemical reduction of the gold ions is carried out by ultrasonic irradiation under argon−hydrogen atmosphere. A unique crystallization process of the silica and titania particles has been observed and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and BET measurements. The crystallization process of the substrates (silica or titania) is assisted by the gold nanoparticles yielding the cristobalite phase of silica at a relatively low temperature and the anatase phase of titania at the temperature of the sonication bath (80 °C).
Partial polarization signature results from the field testing of the SHallow water Real-time IMaging polarimeter (SHRIMP) (2002)

Research has shown that essentially all naturally occurring light outdoor's and underwater is partially linearly polarized. The polarized components can be combined to form an image that describes the polarization of the light in the scene. This image is known as the degree of linear polarization image or partial polarization image. Naturally occurring polarization signatures have the potential to provide a diver or an unmanned underwater vehicle with the information necessary to detect, classify, and identify threats such as obstacles or mines in the shallow water environment. The SHallow water Real-time IMaging Polarimeter (SHRIMP) has recently been designed and developed to measure the underwater partial polarization of targets. This camera is a passive, three-channel device that simultaneously measures the three components of the Stokes vector needed to determine the partial linear polarization of the scene. Testing of this sensor has been ongoing. This paper presents the results of the laboratory characterization and performance results from the field testing that quantify the partial polarization signature of targets in the very shallow water and surf zone regions.
B18 Advancement of Crash-Safety of Child Restraint System using Child Models (2006)

Wearing child restraint system (CRS) for children under 6 is obligated by law since 2000 in Japan. A CRS has great influence in crash-safety of children. Therefore, much further improvement of the safety of CRS is requested. In this study, the effects of CRS shapes and material properties for crash-safety of children were clarified using crash simulations with child models and a CRS model. In addition, a CRS optimization to minimize injury risks of head and neck in both frontal and side crashes was carried out. As the result, we proposed a safer CRS for children. Dummy models (Hybrid III 3-year-old dummy model and Q3 dummy model), and a 3-year-old finite element child human model, developed by scaling an adult FE human model, were used in the study.
Six Week Visit With Multidisciplinary Team Improves Long Term Adherence to Live Kidney Donor Follow-Up. (2014)

Purpose: The OPTN requires transplant programs to be 80 % compliant with live kidney donor ( KD) clinical follow-up (FU) and 70 % compliant with complete clinical and laboratory data ( CFU) up to 2 years post donation starting December 2014. Designated staff to comply with mandated FU is needed. Despite this some KDs still do not comply; the purpose of the study is to identify factors associated with successful CFU. Methods: In April 2010, we developed a Center for Live Donation with designated clinical staff and a multidisciplinary post donation approach to KD care including a 6 week visit with the Nurse Practitioner (NP) focusing on role of long term health maintenance. Retrospective chart review was performed on KD who donated from June 2010 to July 2012. Data on demographics, psychosocial characteristics, donor outcomes, and center interventions was collected to determine predictors of successful follow up specifically CFU compliance. This was defined as achieving all clinical and laboratory data at 6 months (m), 1 year (yr) and 2 yr after KD. Results: 114 KD were included in the analysis. FU at 6 m, 1 yr, and 2 yr is 97%, 92% and 86% respectively, however CFU in the entire period is 67% with 77%, 81% and 48% at 6 m, 1yr and 2 yrs. Using logistic regression, it was found that KDs who missed the 6 week visit with the NP were significantly less likely to achieve CFU at 6m ( p=.005; OR:10.74 [95% CL: 2.03, 56.7]) and 1yr. (p= .0098; OR: 4.45 [95%CL: 1.4,13.8]). Participation of a dietitian in post KD care improved CDF at 2 yrs. (p= .0089 OR: 5.62 [95% CL1.54, 20.5]). Donor age, sex, ethnicity, education, marital status, employment status, length of evaluation, distance from the program, language spoken, complications, and increase donor risk profile, did not predict compliance with follow-up. Additionally, the number of calls to the KD to arrange FU did not result in improved success. Conclusions: Results support multidisciplinary team interventions to improve KD follow-up. Limits of a small sample may have missed additional factors affecting CFU. KD follow-up is a challenge especially at current regulatory benchmarks; however a Center designated to the care of KD with a multidisciplinary approach and early intervention after surgical issues are resolved can improve CFU and potentially improve long term adherence to surveillance.
Somatic mutations in the chromatin remodeling gene ARID1A occur in several tumor types (2011)

Mutations in the chromatin remodeling gene ARID1A have recently been identified in the majority of ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCCs). To determine the prevalence of mutations in other tumor types, we evaluated 759 malignant neoplasms including those of the pancreas, breast, colon, stomach, lung, prostate, brain, and blood (leukemias). We identified truncating mutations in 6% of the neoplasms studied; nontruncating somatic mutations were identified in an additional 0.4% of neoplasms. Mutations were most commonly found in gastrointestinal samples with 12 of 119 (10%) colorectal and 10 of 100 (10%) gastric neoplasms, respectively, harboring changes. More than half of the mutated colorectal and gastric cancers displayed microsatellite instability (MSI) and the mutations in these tumors were out-of-frame insertions or deletions at mononucleotide repeats. Mutations were also identified in 2-8% of tumors of the pancreas, breast, brain (medulloblastomas), prostate, and lung, and none of these tumors displayed MSI. These findings suggest that the aberrant chromatin remodeling consequent to ARID1A inactivation contributes to a variety of different types of neoplasms.
Prior chemotherapy and allograft CD34+ dose impact donor engraftment following nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with solid tumors (2003)

Significant engraftment variability occurs among patients following nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation. We analyzed the impact of multiple factors on donor myeloid and T-cell engraftment in 36 patients with metastatic tumors undergoing cyclophosphamide/fludarabine-based conditioning. Higher CD34(+) doses facilitated donor myeloid engraftment, while prior chemotherapy exposure facilitated both donor myeloid and T-cell engraftment. At day 30, median donor T-cell and myeloid chimerism was 98% and 76%, respectively, in those patients with prior chemotherapy versus 88% (P =.008) and 26% (P <.0001) in chemotherapy-naive patients. Donor myeloid chimerism at day 45 was predicted by prior chemotherapy exposure and the log(10) of the CD34(+) dose (adjusted coefficient of determination [R(2)] =.47; P <.0001), while chemotherapy alone impacted donor T-cell engraftment. Patients with prior chemotherapy were more likely to develop acute grades II to IV graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; 8/18) compared with chemotherapy-naive patients (2/18; P =.031). Thus, tailoring the intensity of nonmyeloablative conditioning based on prior chemotherapy exposure is an important consideration in trial design.
Discovering Mobile Applications in Device-to-Device Communications: Hash Function-Based Approach (2014)

In this paper, we propose a code-based discovery protocol for device-to-device (D2D) communications. To realize proximity-based services in D2D communications, such as mobile social networks and mobile marketing, each device should first discover nearby devices, which have mobile applications of interest, by using a discovery protocol. The proposed discovery protocol makes use of a hash function-based discovery code that contains compressed information of mobile applications in a device. When a device receives a discovery code broadcasted by the other device, the device can approximately find out the mobile applications in the other device. The proposed protocol is capable of quickly discovering massive number of devices while consuming a relatively small amount of radio resources. By simulation, we show that the proposed protocol greatly outperforms a simple name-based protocol.
Terahertz Spectroscopy to Determine Cold Shock Protein Stability Upon Solvation and Evaporation—A Molecular Dynamics Study (2017)

Infrared (IR) and Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy simulations were carried out using CHARMM35b2 to determine protein stability. The stabilities of three bacterial cold shock proteins (Csps) originating from mesophiles, thermophiles and hyper- thermophiles respectively were investigated in this study. The three different Csps were investigated by Normal-Mode analysis and Molecular Dynamics simulation of THz spectra using the Hessian matrix for solvated systems, interpreted in the harmonic approximation at optimum near-melting temperatures of each homologue, by incorporating differences in the hydrous and anhydrous states of the Csps. The results show slight variations in the large scale protein motion. However, the IR spectra of Csps observed at the low frequency saddle surface region, clearly distinguishes the thermophilic and mesophilic proteins based on their stability. Further studies on protein stability employing low-frequency collective modes have the potential to reveal functionally important conformational changes that are biologically significant.
Adaptive-Modulation Technique in Wireless Infrared Indoor Communications (2006)

The authors consider the idea of rate-adaptive transmission with multiple modulated sub-carriers in order to achieve broadband communication between fixed access point and mobile user terminal in an indoor non-directed infrared wireless system. This technique, known from DSL, and currently under discussion for RF wireless, seems also attractive for IR indoor systems, but needs to be examined under the specific conditions of the wireless optical channel. An ideal channel capacity analysis is performed to assess potential data rates in the multi-path IR channel typically present in rooms. Further on, by means of simulations, the authors investigate the throughput maximization for practical systems with the use of bit-loading. For capacity maximization, optimal allocation of the optical signal power over the sub-channels in the frequency domain is calculated, according to the channel state and optical power constraint (safety regulations for human eye and skin). Although still suboptimal, it could be considered as the most suitable bit and power allocation technique for the proposed adaptive system.
What Can We Learn from Large Music Databases? (2004)

An overview of several of the music-related projects at the Laboratory for Recognition and Organization of Speech and Audio, Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University.
Improved luminescence from InGaAsP/InP MQW active regions using a wafer fused superlattice barrier (2003)

This paper investigates the luminescence properties of InP/InGaAsP multiple quantum well (MQW) laser active regions. Room temperature photoluminescence studies were performed on doped and undoped active regions before fusion, after fusion, after thermal cycling, and after rapid thermal annealing. It is shown that quantum well luminescence intensity degrades considerably after wafer fusion. The introduction of a superlattice defect blocking layer at the fusing surface of the MQW active region not only prevents degradation of the luminescence, but actually improves the luminescence of the MQW active region through the fusion process by a factor of four.
IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2011)

We have identified a mechanism by which cytomegalovirus (CMV) interleukin-10 (IL-10) is utilized by glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to maintain the immunosuppressive microenvironment. CMV has been ubiquitously detected within high-grade gliomas, but its role has not been fully elicited. GBMs harvested ex vivo were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine CMV antigen expression. Distinct expressing subsets of cells, such as the myeloid lineage and CD133+ cells, were identified. CMV antigens US28, pp65, IE1, and gB were also present within four individual and fully characterized human GBM-derived glioma cancer stem cell (gCSC) populations as ascertained by flow cytometry. These gCSCs produce CMV IL-10 in a range from 5.62 to 111.11 pg/mL/10 6 cells/day. When human CD14+ monocytes, precursor cells to macrophages/microglia, were exposed to gCSC-conditioned medium or recombinant CMV IL-10, there was a marked increase in the expression of immune-suppressive factors such as B7-H1, p-STAT3, VEGF, and TGF-beta. Concurrently, anti-tumor and pro-immune MHC II and CD86 were down-regulated and the expression pattern of immune markers was similar to the phenotype of glioma-associated macrophages/microglia. Exposure of CD14+ cells to CMV IL-10 induced the up-regulation of IE1, a marker of transcriptional activity of CMV. Chemotaxis assays revealed that the supernatant from CD14+ cells exposed to CMV IL-10 was able to induce the migration of gCSCs compared with the supernatant from CD14+ cells cultured in medium alone. This result indicates that CMV subverts GBM-associated macrophages/microglia to support the immune-suppressive microenvironment by shifting their phenotype to the immune-suppressive M2. The shift is subsequent to activation of the STAT3 pathway, resulting in the propagation of glioma angiogenesis via an increase in VEGF and by increasing glioma invasion. Therapeutic strategies involving immune-mediated cytotoxic responses now include strategies to reverse tumor-mediated immune suppression. This study suggests that including CMV as a target could enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Renal effects of low dose aprotinin in pediatric cardiac surgery. (1995)

Two groups of 15 children aged from 15 days to 6 years, undergoing surgery on cardiopulmonary by-pass for congenital heart disease have been retrospectively analyzed. Group A received a low-dose aprotinin treatment (30,000 KIU/kg in the priming solution); group C (control group) did not receive any aprotinin. Groups were homogeneous for pathology, cardiopulmonary by-pass time, aortic cross-clamping time, cyanotic/acyanotic patients ratio, temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass. A number of postoperative data were measured: activated clotting time was without any difference between aprotinin-treated and control patients; the same went for temperatures, urine output, intubation time, stay in Intensive Care Unit, coagulation tests, platelet counts, hematocrit, survival rate, and blood loss. Serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in group A than in group C both at the arrival in Intensive Care Unit (0.81 +/- 0.27 vs 0.66 +/- 0.12, p = 0.032) and in the first postoperative day (1.01 +/- 0.5 vs 0.72 +/- 0.19, p = 0.038). BUN was significantly higher in group A vs group C in the first postoperative day (43.6 +/- 21.1 vs 33.9 +/- 16.7, p = 0.043). We conclude that low-dose aprotinin did not reduce postoperative bleeding; we cannot exclude that higher dosages could be more effective, but the evidence of a moderate tubular function impairment suggests caution in using high-dose aprotinin in children.
Entrainment by Turbulent Jets Issuing From Sharp-Edged Inlet Round Nozzles (1987)

Experiments were carried out to determine entrainment rates by turbulent air jets generated with square-edged inlet round nozzles. A parametric study was made which included the effects of Reynolds number, nozzle length, partial confinement and geometry of the jet plenum chamber. Measurements were made for the region extending from the nozzle exit to 24 jet hole diameters downstream. There is a large difference in the rate of fluid entrainment between jets generated with relatively short nozzles and those discharged through long tubes.
Corrigenda (1985)

A. P. Kozikowski, P.-W. Yuen, T. C. W. Mak, C. Che, K. Wong, G. Lowe and M. J. Parratt, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1985, 1548 DOI: 10.1039/C39850001548
Inhaled IL-10 Suppresses Lung Tumorigenesis via Abrogation of the Inflammatory Macrophage - T17-cell Axis (2018)

Abstract Lung tumorigenesis has been linked to chronic type 17 inflammation in both murine models and patients. Interleukin-10 is a pleiotropic regulatory cytokine with profound inhibitory effects on type 17 responses. Intratracheal administration of a sustained-release IL-10 formulation resulted in suppression of tumor development in the LSL-K-ras spontaneous lung cancer model. Analysis of lung lymphocyte populations demonstrated that the antitumor activity of IL-10 was associated with a rapid 3 to 5-fold decline in IL-17-producing T-cell populations. Type 17 T-cells did not express detectable levels of IL-10RA suggesting that IL-10 was not directly acting on T-cells. In contrast, select myeloid cell populations including macrophages and a small subset of dendritic cells were found to express IL-10RA in the lung. In tumor-bearing control mice macrophages displayed a pro-inflammatory phenotype that reverted to a naive-like state following IL-10 treatment. Importantly, depletion of phagocytes resulted in a 3 to 5-fold decline in type 17 T-cell numbers with a concurrent 7-fold reduction in tumor burden. These findings demonstrate that in the LSL-K-ras model lung tumorigenesis is driven by the inflammatory macrophage - type 17 T-cell axis and that IL-10 abrogates this process via its direct activity on macrophages. Inhaled IL-10 formulations may be of utility in prophylaxis of lung cancer in high-risk patients.
Microbubble-mediated intravascular ultrasound imaging and drug delivery (2015)

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) provides radiation-free, real-time imaging and assessment of atherosclerotic disease in terms of anatomical, functional, and molecular composition. The primary clinical applications of IVUS imaging include assessment of luminal plaque volume and real-time image guidance for stent placement. When paired with microbubble contrast agents, IVUS technology may be extended to provide nonlinear imaging, molecular imaging, and therapeutic delivery modes. In this review, we discuss the development of emerging imaging and therapeutic applications that are enabled by the combination of IVUS imaging technology and microbubble contrast agents.
ChemInform Abstract: A General, Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Alkyl Terminal Aziridines and C2‐Functionalized Azetidines via Organocatalysis. (2015)

Abstract Enantioselective α‐chlorination of aldehydes (V) provides chlorides (I) which are converted into nitriles followed by intramolecular cyclization to azetidines (IV).
AlzGPS: A Genome-wide Positioning Systems Platform to Catalyze Multi-omics for Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Discovery (2020)

Abstract Background Over15 million family members and caregivers have expended $220 billion for care of patients with AD and other dementias, and the attrition rate for AD clinical trials (2002-2012) is estimated at 99.6%. While recent DNA/RNA sequencing and other multi-omics technologies have advanced the understanding of the biology and pathophysiology of AD, no effective disease-modifying or preventive therapies, for AD have emerged in the past two decades. A new approach to integration of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and human interactome in the drug discovery and development process is essential for this endeavor. Methods In this study, we developed AlzGPS ( G enome-wide P ositioning S ystems platform for Alz heimer’s Therapeutic Discovery, https://alzgps.lerner.ccf.org ), a comprehensive systems biology tool to enable searching, visualizing, and analyzing multi-omics, various types of heterogeneous biological networks, and clinical databases for target identification and effective prevention and treatment of AD. Results Via AlzGPS: (1) we curated more than 100 AD multi-omics data sets capturing DNA, RNA, protein, and small molecules’ profiles underlying AD pathogenesis (e.g., early vs. late stage and tau vs. amyloid endophenotype); (2) we constructed endophenotype disease modules by incorporating multi-omics findings and human protein-protein interactome networks; (3) we identified repurposable drugs from ∼3,000 FDA approved/investigational drugs for AD using state-of-the-art network proximity analyses; (4) we curated 300 literature references for highly repurposable drugs; (5) we included information from over 200 ongoing AD clinicals noting drug mechanisms and primary drug targets, and linking them to our integrated multi-omics view for targets and network analyses results for the drugs; (6) we implemented a highly interactive web-interface for database browsing and network visualization. Conclusions Network visualization enabled by the AlzGPS includes brain-specific neighborhood networks for genes-of-interest, endophenotype disease module networks for data sets-of-interest, and mechanism-of-action networks for drugs targeting disease modules. By virtue of combining systems pharmacology and network-based integrative analysis of multi-omics data, the AlzGPS offers actionable systems biology tools for accelerating therapeutic development in AD.