gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variable Temperature Broadband Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Characterization of Electrochromic (WO3/LiNbO3/NiO) Thin Films (2017)

This paper reports for the first time, the dielectric characterization of a new, electronically tuneable electrochromic (EC) thin-film material over the frequency range 1-67 GHz, at temperatures of 7 °C, 23 °C, and 50 °C. Test cells composed of a microstrip line terminated with coplanar waveguide (CPW) transitions were fabricated to facilitate on-wafer RF measurements and the application of different bias voltages using a standard CPW probe station. A precise curve-fitting technique based on full-wave simulations was used to extract the permittivity and loss tangent values of the material. The validity of the dielectric extraction technique was first demonstrated by employing a known material, silicon dioxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ). It is shown that the dielectric tunability of the EC material varies between 11.3% (1 GHz) and 7.5% (67 GHz) at 23 °C, and the measured loss tangent varies between 0.012 (OFF, 0 V, state) and 0.025 (ON, 6 V, state). Above room temperature, the devices exhibit higher values of dynamic tunability and a small increase in insertion loss. The results obtained for this first generation of tuneable EC material are encouraging, and many of the dielectric properties are shown to compare favourably with other, more mature bulk tuneable media, such as liquid crystals.
Analysis of ecdysteroid conjugates: Chromatographic characterization of sulfates, phosphates and glucosides (2013)

Ecdysone monosulfates (at C-2, C-3 and C-22) and ecdysone 2,22-disulfate were synthesised using sulfur trioxide triethylamine complex as sulfation agent. Direct sulfation of ecdysone afforded a mixture of various sulfates. Regioselective sulfation of ecdysone was achieved by utilizing temporary protection of hydroxy groups. The chromatographic behaviour of synthetic sulfates was compared with that of various other polar conjugates of ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone. General rules to characterise ecdysteroid conjugates are proposed.
The interference channel with MIMO relay: Degrees of freedom (2008)

This paper investigates the degrees of freedom of the interference channel in the presence of a dedicated MIMO relay. The relay is used to manage the interference at the receivers. We pose a fundamental question: What benefits are achieved by exploiting the direct links from the sources to the receivers and whether a two-hop strategy suffices considering the pre- log factor in the capacity formula? Using a number of hybrid encoding strategies and power allocation policies, we obtain non-asymptotic achievable sum-rates, subsequently leading to achievable degrees of freedom. The results are generalized from a two-user to a if-user network. Our main result is that only k/2 degrees of freedom are achievable in an interference channel with MIMO relay, assuming global channel knowledge at the relay but not at other nodes. Thus, appropriate signaling in a two-hop scenario captures the degrees of freedom gains without the need for the direct links. We also investigate the case where the relay (unlike other nodes) has access to abundant power, showing that when sources have power P and the relay is allowed power proportional to O(P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), the full degrees of freedom K are available to the network.
Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding the human interleukin 4 receptor (1990)

Using the mouse interleukin 4 (IL-4) receptor cDNA as a probe, we isolated a cDNA encoding the human IL-4 receptor (hIL-4 receptor) from a multifactor-responsive human myeloid cell line, TF1. The cDNA encodes for an open reading frame of 825 amino acids including a signal sequence (25 amino acids), the external domain (207 amino acids), a transmembrane domain (24 amino acids), and a large cytoplasmic domain (569 amino acids). The human IL-4 receptor has a 65% identity with the mouse IL-4 receptor at the nucleic acid level and retains the typical structural motif of the previously described cytokine receptor family. COS7 cells transfected with the full-length cDNA expressed high levels (140,000 sites/cell) of IL-4 binding sites, with a Kd = 80 pM, an affinity identical to that of the original TF1 cells. Similar to IL-4 responsive cells, cross-linking of [125I]IL-4 to COS7 cells transfected with the cDNA showed a major protein of 130-150 kd and minor species of 55-85 kd.
Lateral Eye Deviation and Post-Stroke Spatial Neglect (P1.208) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: We tested two hypotheses: 1) patients with spatial neglect have more rightward eye deviation than those without neglect, and 2) neglect severity correlates with rightward eye deviation. BACKGROUND:Spatial neglect, failure to respond to/report contralesional stimuli after stroke, is associated with poor stroke outcomes, prolonged hospitalizations, and caregiver burden. Yet, many people with spatial neglect are not diagnosed. Rightward eye deviation on brain imaging might identify spatial neglect; this might be more feasible than behavioral evaluation, which requires a trained clinician. DESIGN/METHODS:We reviewed 90 brain scans (42 women, 76 right stroke, mean age 66.1) from spatial neglect research 2008-2014. A blinded rater calculated average eye deviation angle using Becker and Karnath's (2010) method. Neglect was defined by either paper and pencil (Behavioral Inattention Test, BIT) or functional performance assessment(Catherine Bergego Scale via KF-NAP™, CBS). RESULTS: We replicated Becker and Karnath for the CBS (neglect n = 55; eyes mean 10.7 degrees rightward, SD 17.67; no neglect n = 17, eyes mean 1.3 degrees rightward, SD 5.15; independent samples unequal variance t test, p < 0.01), but not the BIT (neglect n=49; eyes 9.7 degrees rightward, SD 16.92; no neglect n = 11; eyes 11.7 degrees rightward, SD 18.53; p = 0.7, n.s.). Neither CBS nor BIT score correlated with eye deviation. CONCLUSIONS: Why CBS-defined and BIT-defined neglect resulted in different patterns of eye deviation is unclear. This could reflect greater sensitivity of functional performance testing for neglect, or greater relation of spontaneous behavior assessed by the CBS with eye deviation, as contrasted with responses directly elicited during neuropsychological testing. Research to identify specific mechanisms predisposing patients to rightward eye deviation may be helpful to develop a more complex model to evaluate for potential clinical screening. Study Supported by: NIH, NIDRR, Kessler Foundation, Wallerstein Foundation
Zyxin Mediation of Stretch-Induced Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells (2010)

Stretch appears to be an important factor in the development of endothelial dysfunction with zyxin as a potential therapeutic target to interfere with these early changes in endothelial cell phenotype.
Controlled Cell-Seeding Methodologies: A First Step Toward Clinically Relevant Bone Tissue Engineering Strategies (2010)

The repair of large and complex bone defects could be helped by a cell-based bone tissue engineering strategy. A reliable and consistent cell-seeding methodology is a mandatory step in bringing bone tissue engineering into the clinic. However, optimization of the cell-seeding step is only relevant when it can be reliably evaluated. The cell seeding efficiency (CSE) plays a fundamental role herein. Results showed that cell lysis and the definition used to determine the CSE played a key role in quantifying the CSE. The definition of CSE should therefore be consistent and unambiguous. The study of the influence of five drop-seeding-related parameters within the studied test conditions showed that (i) the cell density and (ii) the seeding vessel did not significantly affect the CSE, whereas (iii) the volume of seeding medium-to-free scaffold volume ratio (MFR), (iv) the seeding time, and (v) the scaffold morphology did. Prolonging the incubation time increased the CSE up to a plateau value at 4 h. Increasing the MFR or permeability by changing the morphology of the scaffolds significantly reduced the CSE. These results confirm that cell seeding optimization is needed and that an evidence-based selection of the seeding conditions is favored.
Trion-Mediated Förster Resonance Energy Transfer and Optical Gating Effect in WS2/hBN/MoSe2 Heterojunction (2020)

van der Waals two-dimensional layered heterostructures have recently emerged as a platform, where the interlayer couplings give rise to interesting physics and multifunctionalities in optoelectronics. Such couplings can be rationally controlled by dielectric, separation, and stacking angles, which affect the overall charge or energy-transfer processes, and emergent potential landscape for twistronics. Herein, we report the efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in WS<sub>2</sub>/hBN/MoSe<sub>2</sub> heterostructure, probed by both steady-state and time-resolved optical spectroscopy. We clarified the evolution behavior of the electron-hole pairs and free electrons from the trions, that is, ∼59.9% of the electron-hole pairs could transfer into MoSe<sub>2</sub> by FRET channels (∼38 ps) while the free electrons accumulate at the WS<sub>2</sub>/hBN interface to photogate MoSe<sub>2</sub>. This study presents a clear picture of the FRET process in two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides' heterojunctions, which establishes the scientific foundation for developing the related heterojunction optoelectronic devices.
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxypyronene (II): Synthon for Cyclocitrals and Ionones and Precursor of New Terpenoids. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advanced Indexing Techniques for Wide-Area Network Monitoring (2005)

Detecting and unraveling incipient coordinated attacks on Internet resources requires a distributed network monitoring infrastructure. Such an infrastructure will have two logically distinct elements: distributed monitors that continuously collect packet and flow-level information, and a distributed query system that allows network operators to effi- ciently and rapidly access this information. We argue that, in addition to supporting other types of queries, the network monitoring query system must support multi-dimensional range queries on traffic records (flows, or aggregated flow records). We discuss the design of MIND, a distributed indexing system which supports the creation of multiple distributed indices that use proximal hashing to scalably respond to range queries.
Synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted butenolides based on a Pd-catalyzed gamma-arylation strategy. (2009)

Methods for the construction of quaternary carbon centers are of great interest to synthetic chemists due to their presence in natural products. Development of the Pd-catalyzed arylation of butenolides with high selectivity for the gamma-position allows for a facile construction of quaternary centers. The preparation of a wide variety of gamma-aryl butenolides containing a number of functional groups is outlined. An application of this chemistry for a one-pot synthesis of a tricyclic tetrahydroisoquinolinone is demonstrated.
Interpenetrating polymer network dielectrics for high-performance organic field-effect transistors (2011)

We have demonstrated the preparation of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) dielectrics for use in high-performance organic field-effect transistors by blending commercially available polymers (PMMA, PtBMA, and PS) with the crosslinkable polymeric silsesquiazane (SSQZ). This facile blending method is a powerful means of enhancing the electrical strength of polymer dielectrics due to the formation of a siloxane network structure interspersed among the polymer chains. We found that the leakage currents for the PMMA and PtBMA gate dielectrics blended with SSQZ significantly decreased, by as much as two orders of magnitude, compared with the pristine cases. These remarkable enhancements in the dielectric properties arose from decreases in the free volume and in the thermal dynamic motions of the polymer chains due to formation of the polysiloxane network. The IPN gate dielectrics provide a facile method for using commercially available polymers to fabricate polymer gate dielectrics with strong electrical strengths.
Top-Absorption Organic Photodiodes Suitable for Device Integration (2004)

We have fabricated top-absorption organic photodiodes (TA-OPDs) using sputtered indium zinc oxide (IZO) electrodes and compared their photodiode characteristics with conventional bottom-absorption organic photodiodes (BA-OPDs). In poly ([2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)]-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) films sandwiched between Al and IZO electrodes, the ratio of photoconductivity to dark conductivity, σR, was approximately 103 for both BA- and TA-OPDs. In a TA-type Al/td-PTC/α-NPD/CuPc/IZO device, the σR and the short-circuit photocurrent IP were 3.4×102 and 5.3×10-2 mA/cm2, respectively. The lower value of σR in TA-OPDs compared to BA-OPDs in this structure is ascribed to sputtering damage during IZO film preparation. We were able to prevent successfully this damage by inserting the MoO3 hole-injecting and sputter buffer layer instead of the CuPc layer. We have also investigated the frequency characteristics of several TA-OPDs and obtained relatively good response in the TA-OPDs with a MoO3 buffer layer. In terms of frequency characteristics, the cut-off frequency of the TA-OPDs with a MoO3 buffer layer was as high as 300 kHz.
Micro-Blog (2007)

The synergy of phone sensors (microphone, camera, GPS, etc.), wireless capability, and ever-increasing device density can lead to novel people-centric applications. Unlike traditional sensor networks, the next generation networks may be participatory, interactive, and in the scale of human users. Millions of global data points can be organized on a visual platform, queried, and sophistically answered through human participation. Recent years have witnessed the isolated impacts of distributed knowledge sharing (Wikipedia), social networks, sensor networks, and mobile communication. We believe that significant more impact is latent in their convergence, that can to be drawn out through innovations in applications. This demonstration, called Micro-Blog, is a first step towards this goal.
Oscillator-Based Inverter Control for Islanded Three-Phase Microgrids (2013)

A control scheme is proposed for an islanded low-inertia three-phase inverter-based microgrid with a high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation resources. The output of each inverter is programmed to emulate the dynamics of a nonlinear oscillator. The virtual oscillators within each controller are implicitly coupled through the physical electrical network. The asymptotic synchronization of the oscillators can be guaranteed by design, and as a result, a stable power system emerges innately with no communication between the inverters. Time-domain switching-level simulation results for a 45-kW microgrid with 33% PV penetration demonstrate the merits of the proposed technique; in particular they show that the load voltage can be maintained between prescribed bounds in spite of variations in incident irradiance and step changes in the load.
Exascale computing: What future architectures will mean for the user community (2010)

Exascale computing platforms will soon emerge over the horizon. Architectures for such platforms are already on drawing boards. This paper will focus on some of the key drivers of the technology that will be needed on exascale platforms along with the impact that these new technology drivers will have on system architecture. The important implications for users of such exascale systems will also be discussed.
Factors affecting the multiplication and subculture of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum in a tissue culture system (1986)

Limited multiplication of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (Nichols strain) can be obtained in the presence of Sf1Ep rabbit epithelial cell cultures, but continuous culture has not yet been achieved. In the system currently employed, growth is exponential for the first 10 to 15 days of culturing, after which multiplication and the percentage of motile organisms decrease. In an effort to identify culture conditions which may adversely affect treponemal viability and growth, eight culture parameters were monitored over a 12-day period of incubation. Several of these parameters, including pH, redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration, and glucose levels were found to change dramatically during the course of incubation, indicating that they may be responsible for the cessation of treponemal multiplication. The feasibility of extending the period of growth by subculturing was also investigated. In preparation for planned serial subcultivation experiments, several subculture procedures were tested and found to be effective in allowing the transfer of T. pallidum from 3-day-old primary cultures to secondary cultures without loss of motility or growth potential. Increases of up to 55-fold were observed in secondary cultures, but increased growth due to subculturing was not a consistent finding. Use of subculture intervals of greater than or equal to 6 days resulted in a progressive decrease in treponemal multiplication in secondary cultures, although retention of motility was extended in the subcultures compared with motility in the primary cultures. These results indicate that the lack of continued multiplication of T. pallidum in subcultures is not due to damage to the treponemes during subculture. Prolonged multiplication of T. pallidum may be obtained through the stabilization of culture conditions by either performing subcultures at regular intervals or by medium replacement techniques. It was also found that primary T. pallidum cultures could be established by using as the inoculum treponemes that had been stored at -70 degrees C in a medium containing 15% glycerol.
E-019 Mechanical thrombectomy for nonagenarian with M1 occlusion: analysis from multicenter cohort (2021)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Elderly individuals are at an increased risk for stroke and are responsible for a substantial portion of the total stroke burden. The safety and efficacy of thrombectomy in nonagenarians is not fully understood, as they have traditionally been excluded from major endovascular trials. Recent literature suggests 7% of patients have functional independence at 3 months following medical management. This research aims to determine the outcomes of thrombectomy in patients ≥ 90 years with proximal intracranial occlusion. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients with M1 occlusion treated within 24 hours from the time of last known well who were greater than 89 years of age. Patient demographics, periprocedural metrics, and discharge and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were collected. Successful recanalization was defined as TICI 2B or better. Favorable outcome was defined as 90-day mRS≤2 for patients prestroke mRS&lt;2, and no worsening of prestroke mRS at 90-day in patients with prestrike mRS&gt;2. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy-one patients over 89 years old were identified. Fifty-two (73.2%) were female. Pre-stroke mRS scores were available for 70 patients. The baseline median mRS was 2. Successful recanalization was achieved in 95.8% of patients. TICI 2C or greater was accomplished in 64.8% of cases. Functional outcome data at 90-days were available for 57 patients (80.2%). At three months, 7 total patients had an mRS between 0–2 (12.3%), and an additional 11 patients had an mRS of 3 (19.2%). The rate of 90-day mortality was 42%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mechanical thrombectomy in nonagenarians is technically feasible with high rate of successful reperfusion and it may improve clinical outcome. More research is needed to determine if thrombectomy results in significantly better functional outcomes than medical management for nonagenarians. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>S. Majidi:</b> None. <b>J. Vargas:</b> 2; C; Cerenovus, Medtronic. 4; C; Truvic. <b>J. Blalock:</b> None. <b>H. Hawk:</b> None. <b>S. Nimjee:</b> None. <b>A. Zakeri:</b> None. <b>M. Mokin:</b> 2; C; Medtronic, Cerenovus. 4; C; Endostream, Serenity medical. <b>R. Kellogg:</b> None. <b>G. Cortez:</b> None. <b>A. Aghaebrahim:</b> None. <b>E. Sauvageau:</b> None. <b>R. Hanel:</b> 1; C; Stryker, Medtronic. 2; C; Stryker, Medtronic, Balt, Cerenovus, Microvention, Q’Apel, Rapid Medical. 4; C; Scientia, RisT, Corindus. <b>R. DeLeacy:</b> None. <b>A. Siddiqui:</b> 1; C; NIH-NINDS R21 NS109575-01. 2; C; Cerenovus, Imperitive Care, Medtronic, Microvention, Penumbra, Q’Apel. 4; C; Imperitive Care, Q’Apel, Rist, Truvic. <b>A. Turk:</b> 2; C; Imperitive Care, Stryker, Microvention, Penumbra, BALT, Cerenovus. 4; C; Imperitive Care. <b>M. Oselkin:</b> None. <b>E. Marlin:</b> None. <b>R. Turner:</b> 2; C; Q’apel, Cerenovus, Siemens. 4; C; Q’APel. <b>I. Chaudry:</b> 2; C; Cerenovus, Q’Apel. 4; C; Q’Apel. <b>J. Milburn:</b> None.
Facile and Rapid Synthesis of a Dithiol-Protected Ag7 Quantum Cluster for Selective Adsorption of Cationic Dyes (2013)

We report a facile and rapid (less than 15 min) synthesis of atomically precise, dithiol-protected, silver quantum cluster, Ag7(DMSA)4 (DMSA: meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid), through a modified solid state route. The as-synthesized cluster exhibits molecular optical absorption features with a prominent λmax at ~500 nm. Composition of the cluster was confirmed using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Clusters supported on neutral alumina have been shown as better adsorbents for selective adsorption of cationic dyes (over anionic dyes) from water. This selectivity for cationic dyes was evaluated by zeta potential (ζ) measurements. The efficiency of clusters for removal of dyes is very high when compared to nanoparticles (NPs) protected with ligands (citrate and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)) possessing similar chemical structures as that of DMSA. The higher efficiency of clusters for the removal of dyes is attributed to their smaller size and large surface area compared to the NPs in addition to favorable electrostatic interactions between the clusters and cationic dyes. Adsorption of dyes (cationic and anionic) was enhanced when dye molecules contain hydrogen bond forming functional groups. Supported clusters have been reused up to five cycles without the loss of activity once the adsorbed dye is extracted using suitable solvents.
Long-term CEP-stable high energy few-cycle pulses using the feed-forward method (2012)

The feed-forward technique has recently revolutionized carrier-envelope phase stabilization, enabling unprecedented values of residual phase jitter. Nevertheless, in its original demonstrations the stabilized beam exhibited angular and temporal dispersion. We demonstrate that these problems can be solved, resulting in few-cycle pulses with good beam quality. This in turn enables the use of monolithic interferometers, providing excellent long-term stability of the system. Out-of-loop RMS phase noise of less than 80 mrad over 33 minutes (0.5 mHz to 5 kHz) is measured, i.e., a value that has previously been reported for a few seconds integration time. The current method promises to enable reliable operation of CEP-stable systems over several days.