gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of Oxidation Catalysts for Diesel Emission Control (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Euro IV-V and US 2007-2010 emission control regulations, combined with changing engine-out emission characteristics of advanced diesel combustion systems result in different performance and durability requirements for diesel oxidation catalysts depending upon specific platforms and regulation levels. A rational catalyst design approach has been utilized to develop a series of catalysts with performance, durability, and PGM utilization characteristics to meet different system requirements. Promoted-Pt catalysts with 40 °C lower CO light-off temperatures and improved thermal durability compared to Pt-only formulations have been developed for use in applications with low exhaust temperatures. The promoted-Pt catalysts also provide tunable NO oxidation activity, which is important for NO/NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; control (SCR) and areas where excessive NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions are of concern. Results are presented for a Pt/Pd formulation that provides major improvements in thermal durability compared to Pt-only formulations for use in high temperature environments (e.g., active regeneration systems). Data are also presented for Pt/Pd/Au formulations with equal or better performance and durability compared to Pt/Pd formulations. The Pt/Pd/Au systems provide alternative PGM utilization strategies that can act as a buffer from PGM price fluctuations, allowing more stable system cost.&lt;/div&gt;
Growth of self-catalyzed GaAs NWs on silicon substrate depending on the nature of the surface oxide (2016)

National audience
The Integration of qSOFA with Clinical Variables and Serum Biomarkers Improves the Prognostic Value of qSOFA Alone in Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Sepsis at ED Admission (2020)

We have derived and validated two prognostic models that outweigh qSOFA in predicting mortality and in identifying the low risk of death among patients with suspected or confirmed sepsis at ED admission.
Transposon tagging of the maize Glossy2 locus with the transposable element En/Spm (1995)

The Glossy2 (Gl2) locus of maize is required for the formation of the epicuticular wax layer of young plants. gl2 mutant seedlings can be visually identified because of their glossy leaf surface which is different from the dull surface of wild-type seedlings. The Gl2 locus was isolated by transposon tagging. Seven unstable mutations, gl2-m2 to gl2-m8, were induced in a parental strain carrying an active transposable Activator (Ac) element in the unstable wx-m7 allele. Genetic tests on the gl2-m2 allele indicated that it was not caused by the Ac element but by the insertion of the transposable element Enhancer/Suppressor-Mutator (En/Spm). A Sa/l restriction fragment segregating with the mutant phenotype was identified, by Southern analysis, using sequences from the En/Spm element as a probe. Part of the fragment was cloned and was shown to carry part of the unstable gl2-m2 allele. These gl2 sequences were used to identify a genomic fragment carrying the wild-type allele and to isolate its corresponding cDNA sequence. The predicted Glossy2 protein consists of 426 amino acids. No similar amino acid sequence was found in protein data banks and the biochemical function of the Gl2 gene product is still unknown. The wild-type Gl2 transcript is found predominantly in juvenile leaves. The transcript level in the leaves of seedlings homozygous for a stable recessive gl2-ref allele is hardly detectable.
Factors influencing the permittivity of polymer/ceramic composites for embedded capacitors (2000)

The effect of the polymer permittivity on the permittivity of the polymer/lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) composite was investigated using epoxies, polyimides, polycarboxylic acids, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The permittivity of the polymers (without ceramic loading) ranged from 2.8-4.6. The permittivity of the composites, except for epoxies, was found to agree with the value predicted by the Smith equation. Polyacrylic acid (PAA) was found to bond to the PMN-PT surface due to an acid-base reaction. Novolac epoxy was not found to interact strongly with PMN-PT. The results suggest that polycarboxylic acids can act as a surfactant to deagglomerate PMN-PT powder while epoxies might not. Hence, the lower permittivity found in the epoxy based composites may be due to particle agglomeration. Three out of eight phosphated ester type surfactants were shown to increase the composite permittivity, indicating that the most effective surfactants decreased agglomeration of the ceramic powder and improved the dispersion in the polymer matrix. The particle size of the PMN-PT in the same solvent as used in the composite experiment was reduced by the use of ball-milling with the aid of the surfactant. Assuming that agglomerated particles act as a larger particle, an electrostatic field simulation was used to determine that the reduction in particle size due to deagglomeration increased the permittivity of the composite. These results were confirmed by experiment.
The cell surface receptor is a major determinant restricting the host range of the B-lymphotropic papovavirus (1993)

The B-lymphotropic papovavirus (LPV) productively infects only a subset of human B-lymphoma-derived cell lines while transfection of the viral genome yields infectious viral particles in a much wider variety of human hematopoietic cell lines. We have analyzed the contribution of a putative LPV receptor on the cell surface of B-cell lines in restricting the virus host range. In order to establish a quantitative virus binding assay for LPV, infectious virus particles were highly purified by metrizamide equilibrium density centrifugation and used as immunogens to raise seven mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for LPV VP1. Virus particle binding was quantitated in an indirect, nonradioactive assay with an LPV VP1-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Binding of LPV particles to permissive human B-lymphoma cell line BJA-B occurred within minutes. Kinetics and capacity of binding were similar at 4 and 37 degrees C. A BJA-B cell was estimated to bind approximately 600 virus particles at conditions under which 50% of the administered virus was bound. The sialidase and trypsin sensitivities of the cellular virus binding moiety show that sialylated and proteinaceous components are necessary components of the LPV receptor on BJA-B cells. Despite a high binding capacity of BJA-B cells for simian virus 40, LPV binding was not significantly affected by a 20-fold excess of simian virus 40 particles, indicating that these related polyomaviruses do not bind to the same receptor on BJA-B cells. Reduction of LPV binding to sialidase-pretreated BJA-B cells was accompanied by a similar reduction of infection, indicating that virus binding may be a limiting factor in the LPV replicative cycle. The two highly LPV-permissive human B-lymphoma cell lines BJA-B and Namalwa displayed high virus binding whereas low and nonpermissive hematopoietic cell lines showed reduced or undetectable virus binding. We conclude that the inability of LPV particles to productively infect the nonpermissive human hematopoietic cell lines analyzed is probably due to the absence or insufficient expression of a functional cell surface receptor.
Characterizations of Ce3+-Doped CaB2O4 Crystalline Scintillator (2011)

Single crystals of undoped and 0.5% Ce3+-doped calcium metaborate CaB2O4 have been grown successfully by micropulling down (μ-PD) technique. The material can find its application in the neutron detection. After the single-phase of CaB2O4 was confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis, optical and scintillation characteristics were investigated. In the transmittance spectra, Ce3+-doped crystals showed absorption bands around 270 and 320 nm which are ascribed to the transition from 4f ground state to 5d excited state of Ce3+. Under the 241Am 5.5 MeV α-ray excitation, strong emission peak at 370 nm because of the Ce3+ 5d–4f transition was observed for Ce3+-doped crystal, while the undoped crystal showed broad intrinsic emission band around 300–400 nm which is caused by the lattice defects in the host crystal. The absolute light yield was calculated to be about 2200 photons per neutron under 252Cf neutron irradiation.
Activity of Mitragyna speciosa (“Kratom”) Alkaloids at Serotonin Receptors (2021)

Kratom alkaloids have mostly been evaluated for their opioid activity but less at other targets that could contribute to their physiological effects. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo activity of kratom alkaloids at serotonin receptors (5-HTRs). Paynantheine and speciogynine exhibited high affinity for 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>Rs and 5-HT<sub>2B</sub>Rs, unlike the principal kratom alkaloid mitragynine. Both alkaloids produced antinociceptive properties in rats via an opioid receptor-independent mechanism, and neither activated 5-HT<sub>2B</sub>Rs in vitro. Paynantheine, speciogynine, and mitragynine induced lower lip retraction and antinociception in rats, effects blocked by a selective 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>R antagonist. In vitro functional assays revealed that the in vivo 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>R agonistic effects may be due to the metabolites 9-<i>O</i>-desmethylspeciogynine and 9-<i>O</i>-desmethylpaynantheine and not the parent compounds. Both metabolites did not activate 5-HT<sub>2B</sub>R, suggesting low inherent risk of causing valvulopathy. The 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>R agonism by kratom alkaloids may contribute to the mood-enhancing effects associated with kratom use.
Secrecy, control and violence in women's intimate relationships with child sexual abuse material offenders (2022)

Many child sexual abuse material (CSAM) offenders have non-offending partners and children who are impacted by their CSAM use. However, the specific dynamics of CSAM offending within a relationship or family context have been overlooked in forensic research, while scholarship on domestic violence and coercive control has not focused on CSAM offending as a possible correlate of domestic abuse. This paper presents the findings of the first study to examine the crossover between domestic violence, coercive control and CSAM offending in intimate relationships.
Volatile Organic Compound Detection with FET Sensors and Neural Network Data Processing as a Preliminary Step to Early Lung Cancer Diagnosis (2014)

Cancer is currently one of deadliest and most feared diseases in the developed world, and, particularly, lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common types and has one of the highest death/incidence ratios. An early diagnosis for LC is probably the most accessible possibility to try and save patients and lower this ratio. Recently, research concerning LC-related breath biomarkers has provided optimistic results and has become a real option to try and obtain a fast, reliable, and early LC diagnosis. In this paper, a combination of field-effect transistor (FET) sensors and artificial neural networks (ANNs) has been employed to classify and estimate the partial pressures of a series of polar and nonpolar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in prepared gaseous mixtures. The objective of these preliminary tests is to give an idea of how well this technology can be used to analyze artificial or real breath samples by quantifying the LC-related VOCs or biomarkers. The results of this step are very promising and indicate that this methodology deserves further research using more complex samples to find the existing limitations of the FET-ANN combination.
Switching Enantiofacial Selectivities Using One Chiral Source:  Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of the Key Intermediate for (20S)-Camptothecin Family by (S)-Selective Cyanosilylation of Ketones (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSwitching Enantiofacial Selectivities Using One Chiral Source: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of the Key Intermediate for (20S)-Camptothecin Family by (S)-Selective Cyanosilylation of KetonesKazuo Yabu, Shuji Masumoto, Shingo Yamasaki, Yoshitaka Hamashima, Motomu Kanai, Wu Du, Dennis P. Curran, and Masakatsu ShibasakiView Author Information Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 40, 9908–9909Publication Date (Web):September 14, 2001Publication History Received23 July 2001Published online14 September 2001Published inissue 1 October 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja016682nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja016682nrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2442Altmetric-Citations219LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Enantioselective synthesis,Inorganic carbon compounds,Ketones,Metals Get e-Alerts
Influence of Aerosolization on Endothelial Cells for Efficient Cell Deposition in Biohybrid and Regenerative Applications (2023)

The endothelialization of gas exchange membranes can increase the hemocompatibility of extracorporeal membrane oxygenators and thus become a long-term lung replacement option. Cell seeding on large or uneven surfaces of oxygenator membranes is challenging, with cell aerosolization being a possible solution. In this study, we evaluated the endothelial cell aerosolization for biohybrid lung application. A Vivostat<sup>®</sup> system was used for the aerosolization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with non-sprayed cells serving as a control. The general suitability was evaluated using various flow velocities, substrate distances and cell concentrations. Cells were analyzed for survival, apoptosis and necrosis levels. In addition, aerosolized and non-sprayed cells were cultured either static or under flow conditions in a dynamic microfluidic model. Evaluation included immunocytochemistry and gene expression via quantitative PCR. Cell survival for all tested parameters was higher than 90%. No increase in apoptosis and necrosis levels was seen 24 h after aerosolization. Spraying did not influence the ability of the endothelial cells to form a confluent cell layer and withstand shear stresses in a dynamic microfluidic model. Immunocytochemistry revealed typical expression of CD31 and von Willebrand factor with cobble-stone cell morphology. No change in shear stress-induced factors after aerosolization was reported by quantitative PCR analysis. With this study, we have shown the feasibility of endothelial cell aerosolization with no significant changes in cell behavior. Thus, this technique could be used for efficient the endothelialization of gas exchange membranes in biohybrid lung applications.
Neural correlates of sensorimotor gating: a metabolic positron emission tomography study in awake rats (2014)

Impaired sensorimotor gating occurs in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and can be measured using the prepulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm of the acoustic startle response. This assay is frequently used to validate animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders and to explore the therapeutic potential of new drugs. The underlying neural network of PPI has been extensively studied with invasive methods and genetic modifications. However, its relevance for healthy untreated animals and the functional interplay between startle- and PPI-related areas during a PPI session is so far unknown. Therefore, we studied awake rats in a PPI paradigm, startle control and background noise control, combined with behavioral [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Subtractive analyses between conditions were used to identify brain regions involved in startle and PPI processing in well-hearing Black hooded rats. For correlative analysis with regard to the amount of PPI we also included hearing-impaired Lister hooded rats that startled more often, because their hearing threshold was just below the lowest prepulses. Metabolic imaging showed that the brain areas proposed for startle and PPI mediation are active during PPI paradigms in healthy untreated rats. More importantly, we show for the first time that the whole PPI modulation network is active during "passive" PPI sessions, where no selective attention to prepulse or startle stimulus is required. We conclude that this reflects ongoing monitoring of stimulus significance and constant adjustment of sensorimotor gating.
On the connection between radio mini-halos and gas heating in cool core\n clusters (2016)

In this work, we present a study of the central regions of cool-core clusters\nhosting radio mini-halos, which are di use synchrotron sources extended on\ncluster-scales surrounding the radio-loud brightest galaxy. We aim to\ninvestigate the interplay between the thermal and non-thermal components in the\nintracluster medium in order to get more insights into these radio sources,\nwhose nature is still unclear. It has recently been proposed that turbulence\nplays a role for heating the gas in cool cores. A correlation between the radio\nluminosity of mini-halos, $\\nu P_{\\nu}$, and the cooling flow power, $P_{\\rm\nCF}$, is expected in the case that this turbulence also plays a role for the\nacceleration of the relativistic particles. We carried out a homogeneous\nre-analysis of X-ray Chandra data of the largest sample of cool-core clusters\nhosting radio mini-halos currently available ($\\sim20$ objects), finding a\nquasi-linear correlation, $\\nu P_{\\nu} \\propto P_{\\rm CF}^{0.8}$. We show that\nthe scenario of a common origin of radio mini-halos and gas heating in\ncool-core clusters is energetically viable, provided that mini-halos trace\nregions where the magnetic field strength is $B \\gg 0.5 \\mu G$.\n
Sparse Signal Processing for Grant-Free Massive IoT Connectivity. (2018)

The next wave of wireless technologies will proliferate in connecting sensors, machines, and robots for myriad new applications, thereby creating the fabric for the Internet of Things (IoT). A generic scenario for IoT connectivity involves a massive number of machine-type connections. But in a typical application, only a small (unknown) subset of devices are active at any given instant, thus one of the key challenges for providing massive IoT connectivity is to detect the active devices first and then to decode their data with low latency. This article outlines several key signal processing techniques that are applicable to the problem of massive IoT access, focusing primarily on advanced compressed sensing technique and its application for efficient detection of the active devices. We show that massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is especially well-suited for massive IoT connectivity in the sense that the device detection error can be driven to zero asymptotically in the limit as the number of antennas at the base station goes to infinity by using the multiple-measurement vector (MMV) compressed sensing techniques. The paper also provides a perspective on several related important techniques for massive access, such as embedding of short messages onto the device activity detection process and the coded random access.
DISEASE RECURRENCE IN BLACK AND WHITE MEN UNDERGOING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR CLINICAL STAGE T1-T2 PROSTATE CANCER (2000)

Black men with clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy had significantly higher serum PSA and PSA density than similarly treated white men. However, race appears to have no independent impact on pathological findings or disease recurrence in men with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy when the effects of differences in serum PSA are controlled.
Fatty acid profiles of oomycetes (Halophytophthora and Phytopythium spp.) from Philippines mangroves (2023)

Mangroves create an ecological environment for a diverse assemblage of organisms, including marine and mangrove oomycetes. Halophytophthora spp., in particular, are isolated from fallen senescent mangrove leaves. Studies reported on Philippines oomycetes are mostly on their distribution and taxonomy, while fatty acid studies have not yet been fully explored. Recently, oomycetes were reported as efficient producers of various fatty acids; therefore, bioprospecting efforts are aimed at obtaining more industrially important fatty acid compounds for aquaculture, biodiesel production, and human consumption. In this study, 21 isolated oomycetes, identified as Halophytophthora spp., and two type species of Phytopythium, were grown in a broth medium containing peptone, yeast extract, glucose, and 50% seawater and incubated at room temperature for 3 weeks for fatty acid production and identification. Results revealed the presence of various fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), oleic acid (C18:1n9c), cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid (ETA, C20:3n3), and stearic acid (C18:0), from Halophytophthora and Phytopythium isolates ranging from 2% to 30% total fatty acids. An omega-6 fatty acid, Ƴ-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3n6), was found in Phytopythium isolates with considerably higher concentrations compared to Halophytophthoras. Further, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid (ETA, C20:3n3), was detected on most oomycete isolates.
Temporal Matrix Completion with Locally Linear Latent Factors for\n Medical Applications (2016)

Regular medical records are useful for medical practitioners to analyze and\nmonitor patient health status especially for those with chronic disease, but\nsuch records are usually incomplete due to unpunctuality and absence of\npatients. In order to resolve the missing data problem over time, tensor-based\nmodel is suggested for missing data imputation in recent papers because this\napproach makes use of low rank tensor assumption for highly correlated data.\nHowever, when the time intervals between records are long, the data correlation\nis not high along temporal direction and such assumption is not valid. To\naddress this problem, we propose to decompose a matrix with missing data into\nits latent factors. Then, the locally linear constraint is imposed on these\nfactors for matrix completion in this paper. By using a publicly available\ndataset and two medical datasets collected from hospital, experimental results\nshow that the proposed algorithm achieves the best performance by comparing\nwith the existing methods.\n