gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crash Testing and Evaluation of a Low-Speed W-Beam Guardrail System (1993)

It is logical to reason that roadside safety appurtenances intended for use on low-volume, low-speed roadways do not need to be designed to the same standards as those intended for use on high-volume, high-speed roadways. By designing roadside safety appurtenances to lower performance levels, some cost savings may be effected. The current standard G4 guardrail systems with blockouts and post spacing of 6 ft-3 in (1.91 m) has been shown to perform well in crash testing and field applications. However, this does not necessarily mean that the design is optimal or it cannot be modified for different applications. For lower-speed applications, there is good reason to believe that a post spacing of 12 ft-6 in (3.81 m) may be sufficient for the intended applications and this would allow for considerable cost savings by eliminating one-half of the required posts. The objective of this project was to crash test and evaluate the impact performance of a W-beam guardrail system with 12 ft-6 in (3.81 m) post spacing, intended for lower-speed applications, in accordance with criteria outlined in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350. The proposed guardrail system will be tested at test level 2, i.e., at a nominal impact speed of 70 km/h (43.5 mi/h). Prior to the full-scale crash test, computer simulation was used to evaluate the impact performance of the 12 ft-6 in (3.81 m) post spacing W-beam guardrail system.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine: induction of circulating IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 (1994)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether interleukin (IL)-6 induces the production of IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists. Serial plasma samples were obtained from cancer patients participating in phase I and II trials of recombinant IL-6 administered as a 120-hour continuous intravenous (IV) infusion. Plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and soluble TNF receptor p55 (TNFsRp55) levels were measured by specific radioimmunoassays (RIAs). IL-1Ra levels increased rapidly, reaching peak values (9.6 +/- 1.7 ng/mL) within 2 to 4 hours of beginning treatment. Thereafter, levels promptly declined, reaching near baseline within 24 hours despite continuation of IL-6. TNFsRp55 plasma levels increased within 4 to 8 hours after initiating treatment and increased progressively throughout the duration of therapy. IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha plasma levels were below the detection limit in all samples tested. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) exposed to IL-6 produced only small amounts (1.56 +/- 0.3 ng/mL) of IL-1Ra, even in the presence of exogenous soluble IL-6 receptor (gp80). TNFsRp55 levels measured in the supernatants of IL-6-stimulated PBMC were below the detection limit of the assay. Macrophages generated by culturing monocytes in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were much more responsive to IL-6 than freshly isolated unfractionated or adherent PBMC and synthesized almost as much IL-1Ra when stimulated with IL-6 as with endotoxin. These results suggest that the antinflammatory properties of IL-6 may be due; in part, to the induction of IL-1Ra synthesis and the release of soluble TNF receptors. Our findings also suggest that tissue macrophages may be an important source of IL-6-induced IL-1Ra.
Distributed ID-based Signature Using Tamper-Resistant Module (2013)

In this paper, We present a distributed ID-based signature scheme using a tamper-resistant module.
BEHAVE: Dataset and Method for Tracking Human Object Interactions (2022)

Modelling interactions between humans and objects in natural environments is central to many applications including gaming, virtual and mixed reality, as well as human behavior analysis and human-robot collaboration. This challenging operation scenario requires generalization to vast number of objects, scenes, and human actions. Unfortunately, there exist no such dataset. Moreover, this data needs to be acquired in diverse natural environments, which rules out 4D scanners and marker based capture systems. We present BEHAVE dataset, the first full body human- object interaction dataset with multi-view RGBD frames and corresponding 3D SMPL and object fits along with the annotated contacts between them. We record around 15k frames at 5 locations with 8 subjects performing a wide range of interactions with 20 common objects. We use this data to learn a model that can jointly track humans and objects in natural environments with an easy-to-use portable multi-camera setup. Our key insight is to predict correspondences from the human and the object to a statistical body model to obtain human-object contacts during interactions. Our approach can record and track not just the humans and objects but also their interactions, modeled as surface contacts, in 3D. Our code and data can be found at: http://virtualhumans.mpi-inf.mpg.de/behave
ATR kinase activation in G1 phase facilitates the repair of ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage (2013)

The kinase ATR is activated by RPA-coated single-stranded DNA generated at aberrant replicative structures and resected double strand breaks. While many hundred candidate ATR substrates have been identified, the essential role of ATR in the replicative stress response has impeded the study of ATR kinase-dependent signalling. Using recently developed selective drugs, we show that ATR inhibition has a significantly more potent effect than ATM inhibition on ionizing radiation (IR)-mediated cell killing. Transient ATR inhibition for a short interval after IR has long-term consequences that include an accumulation of RPA foci and a total abrogation of Chk1 S345 phosphorylation. We show that ATR kinase activity in G1 phase cells is important for survival after IR and that ATR colocalizes with RPA in the absence of detectable RPA S4/8 phosphorylation. Our data reveal that, unexpectedly, ATR kinase inhibitors may be more potent cellular radiosensitizers than ATM kinase inhibitors, and that this is associated with a novel role for ATR in G1 phase cells.
A CYCLING PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR THE ZINC/FERRICYANIDE BATTERY (1989)

A model is presented for the charge and discharge cyele of a zine-redox battery, based on the available steady-state cell performance model. The cycling model makes use of a quasi-steady-state assumption and includes the effects of crystallization and membrane water transport on the volume of electrolyte during a cycle, as well as variable IR-drop due to conductivity changes. Performance predictions of this model are compared with selected experimental charge/discharge data. Small adjustments to the equilibrium cell potential and cell resistance are made to make the model suitable for design optimization.
Implementation of Amplicon Parallel Sequencing Leads to Improvement of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lung Cancer Patients (2015)

Overall, our data demonstrate the utility of systematic sequencing analysis in a clinical routine setting and highlight the dramatic impact of such an approach on the availability of therapeutic strategies for the targeted treatment of individual cancer patients.
Image formation in multiscale optical systems (2011)

We present image formation (IF) strategies developed for multiscale imaging systems. In this context, IF takes advantage of significant prior knowledge of array geometry and relies on parallelizable algorithms to handle the high data bandwidth.
Influence of Transformation Plasticity on the Distortion of Carburized Quenching Process of Cr-Mo Steel Ring. (1999)

Coupled metallo-thermo-mechanical analysis by use of heat treatment simulation code “HEARTS” is carried out for a ring-shaped model of Cr-Mo steel under carburized quenching: Diffusion of carbon carrier gas is calculated followed by oil-quenching from 850°C to estimate the distortion as well as structure distribution. To compensate the discrepancy between experimental data and calculated distortion, a special attention is paid on the effect of transformation plasticity. Several trials of simulation depending on the intensity of the effect shows that the transformation plastic strain plays an important role on the mode of distortion during carburized quenching process while a little effect is seen for normal quenching.
Introduction (2018)

This chapter reviews the history and evolution of display technologies and focuses on the manufacturing technology associated with thin-film transistor- liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD). With organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays in the form of mobile and television (TV) becoming flexible, and growing and drawing a great deal of attention, it explores the current status of active matrix driven OLED (AMOLED) display manufacturing technology. TFTs, more precisely, insulated-gate TFTs, have been critical enablers for the development of flat panel displays (FPDs). The chapter also reviews the historic evolution in TFT-LCD manufacturing technology from notebooks to LCD-TV application. The rapid growth of TFT-LCD market backed by the rapid reduction of panel cost was possible due to the fast LCD manufacturing technology progress. The advance of LCD manufacturing technology led to productivity enhancements and panel cost-down, that in turn contributed to the fast expansion of LCD market.
Modulation of cell surface iron transferrin receptors by cellular density and state of activation (1979)

This report describes investigations of plasma membrane transferring receptors on a variety of lymphoid cell lines and normal peripheral blood lymphocytes during activation and cell growth cycles. Transformed lymphoid cell lines have as many as 1,000 times the number of receptors found on normal resting lymphocytes. The number of iron transferrin receptors on continuous cell lines as well as normal human fibroblasts is down-regulated during the transition from log-phase growth to stationary plateau growth. When normal lymphocytes are transformed by mixed lymphocyte culture or mitogens, they rapidly express a 50-fold increase in the number of transferrin binding sites. This appearance of iron transferrin receptors anticipates nuclear changes during cell activation and subsequent mitosis of normal cells.
Wideband luminescence from bandgap-matched Mg-based Si core-shell geometry nanocomposite (2018)

We use wet treatment to integrate red-luminescent Si nanoparticles with Mg-based wide-bandgap insulators Mg(OH) and MgO (5.7 and 7.3 eV respectively). In the process, Mg2+ is reduced on Si nanoparticle clusters, while suffering combustion in water, producing a spatially inhomogeneous Mg(OH)2/MgO-Si nanoparticle composite with an inner material predominantly made of Si, and a coating consisting predominantly of magnesium and oxygen (“core-shell” geometry). The nanocomposite exhibit luminescence covering nearly entire visible range. Results are consistent with formation of Mg(OH)2/MgO phase with direct 3.43-eV bandgap matching that of Si, with in-gap blue-green emitting states of charged Mg and O vacancies. Bandgap match with nanocomposite architecture affords strong enough coupling for the materials to nearly act as a single hybrid material with novel luminescence for photonic and photovoltaic applications.
Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in Humanized HIV-Transgenic Mice Triggers HIV Shedding and Is Associated With Greater Neurological Disease (2013)

JR-CSF/hu-cycT1 mice provide a valuable model to study HIV/HSV-2 coinfection and identify potential mechanisms by which HSV-2 facilitates HIV-1 transmission and HIV modulates HSV-2-mediated disease.
Electrical transport properties of alkali-metal/halogen encapsulated single-walled carbon nanotubes (2007)

The encapsulation of alkali-metal or halogen inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can be realized by a novel alkali-halogen plasma irradiation method. According to electronic transport measurements, it is found that a p-type semiconductor behavior can be strongly improved by encapsulating iodine atoms. Furthermore, a p-n junction diode-like feature is observed by selective encapsulation of cesium and iodine atoms in one individual SWNT.
Improved Synthesis of 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyadenosine-5′-monophosphate (1993)

Abstract Sequential reaction of 2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-monophosphate with bromine, sodium benzyloxide and hydrogen (Pd/C) conveniently gave 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-monophosphate in a 58% overall yield.
X-ray Absorption Spectromicroscopy Studies for the Development of Lithography with a Monomolecular Resist (2005)

Soft X-ray absorption microscopy was applied to image and characterize molecular patterns produced by electron irradiation of aliphatic and aromatic thiol-derived self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au substrates. The measurements were performed at all relevant absorption edges. The fabricated patterns could be clearly imaged with a lateral resolution better than 150 nm, which, for example, allowed us to distinguish a fine structure of 1 microm features. The X-ray absorption microspot spectra derived from different areas of the SAM patterns provided specific chemical information on pristine and irradiated areas and unexpected features in these patterns. The quality of the microspot spectra is comparable with that of the analogous X-ray absorption spectra acquired with standard equipment from homogeneous SAMs. In particular, a chemical transformation of the functional tail groups within the irradiated areas of the patterned aromatic SAMs could be directly monitored.
Deviation from Archie’s law in partially saturated porous media: Wetting film versus disconnectedness of the conducting phase (2009)

We experimentally study the electrical transport in partially water-saturated pore network. The porous medium under investigation is a Fontainebleau sandstone, characterized by x-ray tomography. We show the existence of two electrical conductivity regimes. At high water saturation, the electric resistivity follows a well-known Archie law. Below a water saturation S_{w} approximately 0.2 , a strong negative deviation from this Archie law is observed. We attribute this transition to the existence of "a thick liquid film," assuring the ionic conduction in the low saturation regime. A numerical simulation is proposed to confirm this scenario. Two possible protocols are used to distribute the brine phase in the pore network of a three-dimensional microtomography image. The first one is based on a minimization of the interfacial energy. The second takes into account a quasistatic capillary displacement. The classical random-walk algorithm is used to compute the electric conductivity at various water saturations. Without the "thick film," both of the two fluid-placing protocols show a disconnectedness transition of the brine phase when S_{w}<0.2 . Adding this "film" to solid surface, the electrical continuity is maintained. The bending down trend is correctly reproduced, showing that in this range, the electric response cannot be described by a power law as usual.
Clinical and Laboratory Evidence for Neisseria Meningitidis Biofilms (2009)

Neisseria meningitidis is the etiologic agent of meningococcal meningitis. Carriage of the organism is approximately 10% while active disease occurs at a rate of 1:100,000. Recent publications demonstrate that N. meningitidis has the ability to form biofilms on glass, plastic or cultured human bronchial epithelial cells. Microcolony-like structures are also observed in histological sections from patients with active meningococcal disease. This review investigates the possible role of meningococcal biofilms in carriage and active disease, based on the laboratory and clinical aspects of the disease.
A Ring Destruction Approach to Some Benzo-Fused Medium-Sized Heterocycles by Means of Cyanogen-Bromide Under Solvolytic Conditions - X-Ray Structure of a '1h-2,6-Benzoxazecine-6-Carbonitrile and a '2h-3,6-Benzoxazecine-6-Carbonitrile Derivative (1986)

Reaction of the reduced pyrrolo [2,1-a] isoquinoline amine (1a) with cyanogen bromide in the presence of methanol gave the medium-ring cyanamide derivative 7,9,10-trimethoxy-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-3- benzazonine-3-carbonitrile (2a). Analogous products were also obtained from reaction of the reduced 5H-oxazolo[2,3-a] isoquinoline , 2H- benzo [a] quinolizine , 2H,6H-[1,3] oxazino [2,3-a] isoquinoline and [1,4] oxazino [3,4-a] isoquinoline derivatives (1b-e), whereas the reduced 3H-oxazolo[4,3-a] isoquinoline and 5H-oxazolo[2,3-a] isoquinoline derivatives (1f) and (8) gave 1-(2,4-dioxapentyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonitrile (5a) and N-[2-(2-benzoyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N- methylcyanamide (9) respectively, the latter in low yield. The medium-sized heterocyclic derivatives (2f-h) were also obtained from cyanogen -bromide-mediated water solvolysis reactions of (1a), (1c) and (1e). The cyanamides (2a-h), (5a) and (9) have been converted into the respective tertiary amine derivatives (3a- h), (5c) and (11), with concomitant reduction of the carbonyl group in the last case. The crystal and molecular structure of 1,10,11- trimethoxy-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-2,6-benzoxazecine-6-carbonitrile (2d) and 1-hydroxy-10,11-dimethoxy-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-3,6- benzoxazecine-6-carbonitrile (2h) have been determined by single- crystal X-ray methods.
Compact gate-current model based on transfer-matrix method (2005)

We present a compact gate-current model based on the scattering matrix method for metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. The analytical integration of the tunneling current over the incident energy is simplified by making use of the single tunneling energy approximation, and the model error is further reduced by introducing different effective conduction band edges for the supply function and for the transmission coefficient function. Results calculated by the proposed model agree with the experimental data with satisfactory accuracy.
Anti Sway Crane Control Based on Sway Angle Observer with Sensor-Delay Correction (2009)

Recently, there has been an increase in the demand for container cranes capable of automatic operation. Anti sway control techniques essentially require a sway sensor for achieving good control performance through a feedback signal. However, the use of a vision system to detect the sway angle results in the deterioration of control performance owing to the influence of weather and delay in detection. In this paper, we describe an effective method for precise state estimation in a system by taking the sensor delay into account. The effectiveness of the observer is verified through various numerical simulations and experiments using a model plant.
Low complexity behavioral model for RF power amplifiers' linearity and efficiency prediction (2013)

This paper presents a novel power amplifiers' behavioral model that predicts both the linearity as well as the efficiency performances. The proposed model augments current state of the art behavioral models, which only models the output waveform of the device under test, by including an accurate estimation of the efficiency. This efficiency estimation is performed using continuous wave measured data via a power scaling block. The model performances, experimentally assessed using a Doherty power amplifier prototype driven by an LTE signal, demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed structure and its suitability to simultaneously predict power amplifiers' output waveform as well as its power efficiency.
Performance Comparison of CP-OFDM and OQAM-OFDM Based WiFi Systems (2016)

In this contribution, a direct comparison of the Offset-QAM-OFDM (OQAM-OFDM) and the Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) scheme is given for an 802.11a based system. Therefore, the chosen algorithms and choices of design are described and evaluated as a whole system in terms of bit and frame error rate (BER/FER) performance as well as spectral efficiency and complexity in the presence of multipath propagation for different modulation orders. The results show that the OQAM-OFDM scheme exhibits similar BER and FER performance at a 24% higher spectral efficiency and achievable throughput at the cost of an up to five times increased computational complexity.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 380K, Ex vivo optical imaging of the BAPPA probe biodistribution&lt;/p&gt;
The influence of in-stream bridge structures on free surface turbulence (2020)

The Genessee River, which flows through the city of Rochester in New York state (United States of America), was the subject of a multi-scale remote sensing study. High temporal and spatial resolution visible imagery was collected near the Ford Street Bridge from a stationary platform located on the bridge and near-simultaneous spectral polarimetric imagery data were also collected from a Twin Otter airplane. The images were analyzed using a two-dimensional power spectral density algorithm. Near surface velocity profiles and free surface turbulent statistics are captured upstream and downstream of the bridge support columns and the influence of the columns on the free surface flow field and turbulence field are studied. The interaction of the canonical streamwise counter-rotating structures, typically found in open channel flows, with wake vortices are also investigated. Implications for remote predictions of scouring, bed shear stress and volumetric discharge are discussed.
Effects of chronic SDMA infusion on glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure, myocardial function and renal histology in C57BL6/J mice (2013)

Based on our experiments, it seems unlikely that chronically elevated SDMA alone has an effect on renal and cardiac function in otherwise healthy mice. Future studies have to clarify the potential pathophysiological role of SDMA in cardiovascular disease.
Wirkstoffverabreichung mithilfe polymerer Mehrschichtkapseln (2010)

Abstract Die Fortschritte der letzten Jahre in Medizin und Biotechnologie haben die Entwicklung von Transportsystemen im Nanomaßstab dringlich gemacht, die eine Vielzahl an neuartigen Therapeutika wie Proteine, Chemotherapeutika und Nucleinsäuren einschließen können. Zudem sollten diese Transportsysteme “intelligent” sein, d. h., sie sollten ihre Ladung zu einer festgelegten Zeit, an einem bestimmten Ort oder nach einer spezifischen Stimulierung abladen können. Seit polymere Mehrschichtkapseln verfügbar sind, die durch mehrstufiges Beschichten eines Opfertemplats und anschließendes Auflösen dieses Templats hergestellt werden, ist es möglich, Mikrokapseln unter rein wässrigen Bedingungen mithilfe einfacher Baustein‐ und Assoziationsverfahren gezielt herzustellen, was eine bislang unerreichte Steuerung der Mikrokapselfunktionalität erlaubt. Inzwischen sind polymere Mehrschichtkapseln auf zunehmendes Interesse in den Biowissenschaften gestoßen, und viele interessante Systeme mit bioabbaubaren Bestandteilen und biospezifischen Funktionen wurden beschrieben. In dieser Übersicht werden die neuesten Durchbrüche beim Einsatz für die Wirkstoffverabreichung vorgestellt.
Kinetic analysis of hexose conversion to methyl lactate by Sn-Beta: effects of substrate masking and of water (2018)

Strategies to tailor the Sn-Beta-catalysed methyl lactate process are identified by kinetic and mechanistic insights.
Enhancing Packet Data Access in WCDMA (2005)

In this paper, the first step of evolving WCDMA beyond IMT-2000 is outlined and elaborated upon. It is shown how techniques such as fast link adaptation, fast hybrid ARQ and fast scheduling, among others, can be applied to WCDMA, leading to increased throughput for best-effort services, lower delays, and downlink peak rates in the order of 10 Mbit/s. The end-to-end protocol architecture is discussed, and using protocol simulations the benefit of having a hybrid type II ARQ scheme in Node B is shown.