gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tantalum-Filament Pulling Device for Fabrication of Submicrometer Fused-Silica Tips (2000)

A simple and low-cost pulling device for fused-silica capillaries was developed. By using a tantalum heating filament and the self-tension in a bent capillary, tips and constricted regions with outer diameters of approximately 1 microm and inner diameters of a few hundred nanometers could be reproducibly pulled from 50-microm-i.d., 375-microm-o.d. capillaries. The tips can be used in different applications such as microinjection, micromanipulation, and single-channel patch-clamp, injection ends for CE or as electrospray tips. Constricted capillaries with optimized dimensions to minimize cylindrical lensing effects and to match the size of a diffraction-limited laser focus can be used as optical detection windows in CE and micro-HPLC. Fused silica has several advantages over other glasses such as high melting temperature and superior optical and mechanical properties.
Optoinduced magnetization in a metal from the spin and orbital angular momenta of light (2022)

International audience
EXPRESSION OF AMPHIREGULIN, CRIPTO-1, AND HEREGULIN-ALPHA IN HUMAN BREAST-CANCER CELLS (1993)

Cripto-1 (CR-1), amphiregulin (AR), and heregulin alpha (HRGalpha) are three recently discovered epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related peptides. The expression of these proteins was determined in MCF-7, ZR-75-1, T-47D, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and Hs-578T human breast cancer cell lines using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Northern blotting, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). The expression of CR-1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in all of the breast cancer cell lines. AR mRNA was detected by Northern blot analysis in MCF-7, ZR-75-1, T-47D, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 cells while HRGalpha mRNA was expressed in only MDA-MB-231 and Hs-578T cells. All estrogen receptor-positive cell lines were found to express AR mRNA, and estrogen was able to induce AR mRNA expression in estrogen-depleted MCF-7 cells. CR-1 and AR proteins could be immunocytochemically detected in the breast cancer cell lines that were expressing CR-1 and AR mRNA using monospecific rabbit polyclonal antibodies. The anti-CR-1 antibody was also used to examine 26 human primary breast carcinomas by ICC for CR-1 expression. Seventy-five percent of the carcinomas were found to express the CR-1 protein while the adjacent non-involved breast epithelium was negative. These data demonstrate that CR-1, AR, and HRGalpha are coexpressed in human breast cancer cells and suggest that these three EGF-related peptides might perform a role in the autocrine growth regulation of human breast carcinoma cells.
Incorporating Prior Information in Compressive Online Robust Principal Component Analysis (2017)

We consider an online version of the robust Principle Component Analysis (PCA), which arises naturally in time-varying source separations such as video foreground-background separation. This paper proposes a compressive online robust PCA with prior information for recursively separating a sequences of frames into sparse and low-rank components from a small set of measurements. In contrast to conventional batch-based PCA, which processes all the frames directly, the proposed method processes measurements taken from each frame. Moreover, this method can efficiently incorporate multiple prior information, namely previous reconstructed frames, to improve the separation and thereafter, update the prior information for the next frame. We utilize multiple prior information by solving $n\text{-}\ell_{1}$ minimization for incorporating the previous sparse components and using incremental singular value decomposition ($\mathrm{SVD}$) for exploiting the previous low-rank components. We also establish theoretical bounds on the number of measurements required to guarantee successful separation under assumptions of static or slowly-changing low-rank components. Using numerical experiments, we evaluate our bounds and the performance of the proposed algorithm. In addition, we apply the proposed algorithm to online video foreground and background separation from compressive measurements. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods.
OMVPE Growth and Characterization of GaInP on GaAs Using Tertiary Butylphosphine for the Phosphorous Source (1990)

GaInP layers were grown on GaAs substrates by organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy (OMVPE) at atmospheric pressure using trimethylgallium (TMGa), trimethylindium (TMIn) and much less toxic tertiary butylphosphine (TBP) as source gases. Fairly smooth surfaces were obtained at the growth temperature of 65O°C and at the V/III ratio of 78. The electrical and optical characteristics are comparable to those obtained by OMVPE using phosphine as the phosphorous source and far better than the previous results obtained by OMVPE with TBP. The undoped epitaxial layers showed n-type conductivity with electron concentrations of 2–3×10 17 cm -3 .
Avian cell line - Technology for large scale vaccine production (2011)

The establishment of an immortalized continuous cell line derived from quail cells was undertaken by Baxter in order to develop a new cell line platform for vaccine production that is free of genetically modifying sequences.

Important vaccines and viral vectors are still produced in embryonated chicken eggs or primary chicken embryo fibroblasts. However, the substitution of primary cells by a continuous cell line has several advantages. Although primary avian tissue for virus replication is provided by specific pathogen-free (SPF) production plants, sterility during vaccine production on embryonated eggs is difficult to guarantee, and the constant risk of contamination necessitates the addition of antibiotics. In addition, the supply of embryonated SPF eggs could be a limiting factor in vaccine production if increased amounts are demanded by the vaccine manufacturers, e. g. in case of a pandemic outbreak.

The same is true for approaches where primary fibroblast monolayer cultures are used. Thus, avian cell lines have become a modern option for vaccine manufacturing and will definitely replace egg and primary fibroblast technology.
Fluidic damping in micro- and nano-scale mechanical resonators in the molecular flow regime: A momentum transfer based analytical approach (2015)

We derived an easy-to-use analytical model in order to predict the fluidic damping forces acting on mechanical resonators in the free molecular flow regime. The model is based on fundamental physical relations, which basically take the momentum transfer between the air molecules and the oscillating mechanical structure into account. The obtained analytical relation for the pressure-dependent damping force is applied to calculate the Q-factor of different mechanical resonators with nanometer-sized gaps underneath the movable structure. The results are compared with data extracted from pressure-dependent Laser-Doppler vibrometric measurements.
Nanoscale freestanding gratings for ultraviolet blocking filters (1998)

Ultraviolet (UV) blocking filters are needed for atomic flux imaging in environments where high levels of ultraviolet radiation are present. Freestanding gratings are a promising candidate for UV filtering. They have a high aspect ratio (∼13), narrow (∼40 nm) slots, and effectively block UV radiation. The grating fabrication process makes use of several etching, electroplating, and lithographic steps and includes an optional step to plug pinholes induced by particles during processing. Gratings were successfully manufactured and tested. Measured UV transmissions of ∼10−5 and particle transmissions of ∼10% are in agreement with theoretical predictions.
Thermally Induced Reactions between Lithiated Nano-Silicon Electrode and Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2012)

The thermal stability of nano-silicon electrodes before and after lithiation was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that pristine Si electrodes heated in presence of EC/DEC 1M LiPF6 electrolyte show exothermic reactions between sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC binder) and LiPF6. The products of thermal decomposition of a lithiated nano-Si electrode with electrolyte at different temperatures were identified using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). SEI layer was found to be responsible for the thermal reactions in the range between 77 and 107°C. Exothermic events between 107 and 140°C were caused by partial decomposition of LiPF6 salt, which products initiated further transformations of SEI layer compounds and esterification of Na CMC. Interaction between nano-LixSi and EC/DEC 1M LiPF6 was the reason for the main exothermic peaks at temperatures between 150 and 300°C. Nano-LixSi heated with EC/DEC solvent mixture without LiPF6 resulted in electrolyte decomposition at much lower temperatures (>105°C). Therefore, the important role of LiPF6 in the thermal stabilization of nano-LixSi with electrolyte at temperatures <140°C was confirmed while LiTFSI salt added to EC/DEC was ineffective in the prevention of the main exothermic reaction starting at 105°C.
Description of atmospheric conditions at the Pierre Auger Observatory using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) (2012)

Atmospheric conditions at the site of a cosmic ray observatory must be known for reconstructing observed extensive air showers. The Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) is a global atmospheric model predicated on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions. GDAS provides altitude-dependent profiles of the main state variables of the atmosphere like temperature, pressure, and humidity. The original data and their application to the air shower reconstruction of the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. By comparisons with radiosonde and weather station measurements obtained on-site in Malargue and averaged monthly models, the utility of the GDAS data is shown. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Bloch‐Siegert ‐mapping for human cardiac 31P‐MRS at 7 Tesla (2015)

The 3D (31) P Bloch-Siegert B1+-mapping is consistent with reference methods in phantoms and skeletal muscle. It is the first method appropriate for (31) P B1+-mapping in the human heart at 7T. Magn Reson Med 76:1047-1058, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Communication between oocytes and somatic cells regulates volatile pheromone production in Caenorhabditis elegans (2014)

Males of the androdioecious species Caenorhabditis elegans are more likely to attempt to mate with and successfully inseminate C. elegans hermaphrodites that do not concurrently harbor sperm. Although a small number of genes have been implicated in this effect, the mechanism by which it arises remains unknown. In the context of the battle of the sexes, it is also unknown whether this effect is to the benefit of the male, the hermaphrodite, or both. We report that successful contact between mature sperm and oocyte in the C. elegans gonad at the start of fertilization causes the oocyte to release a signal that is transmitted to somatic cells in its mother, with the ultimate effect of reducing her attractiveness to males. Changes in hermaphrodite attractiveness are tied to the production of a volatile pheromone, the first such pheromone described in C. elegans.
Mode selectivity of extraordinary optical transmission inside a terahertz parallel-plate waveguide (2016)

We study the dependence of extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) on the input excitation mode by placing a metal screen with a 1D array of holes inside a parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG) operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies. We demonstrate that the output resonant frequency depends strongly on the input mode of the waveguide. We show that the surface plasmon theoretical description is invalid in the case of TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> mode excitation, and instead use mode matching to properly predict the resonances in both TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and TEM. Through this disparity of outcomes between the two different waveguide excitation modes, we can better understand the resonant transmission process.
Contemporary Analysis of Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Repair (2008)

No significant difference in the incidence of mortality or SCI was found between ER and SR techniques. The strongest factor associated with SCI remains the extent of the disease. Further studies are indicated to compare ER with patients considered eligible for SR.
Transbarrier Trafficking of Nanoparticles (2017)

This chapter focuses on elaboration of the tumor-specific barriers, the factors implicated in enhancing the transbarrier trafficking of nanosystems with specific regard to cancer chemotherapy, as well as progressive methods for quantifying the resultant nanoparticles (NP) uptake by cancer cells. The physicochemical barrier additionally affects the formation of a geometrical barrier wherein the tumor space is divided into viscous and non-viscous regions causing heterogeneity in the nanomedicine distribution. The chapter also focuses on specific nanostrategies for enhancing transbarrier trafficking for enhanced cancer therapy. It highlights that having a knowledge of the physical parameters of a patient's tumor would be essential in providing personalized oncological care, as a specific NP architecture could be fabricated for the apt tumor conditions. The chapter also highlights the interplay between the physicochemical properties of the NPs as well as the tumor/cell type.
A study on fatigue and creep fatigue of welded joints with structural discontinuity (1996)

It is essential to develop strength evaluation procedures for the fatigue and creep fatigue of welds at a structural discontinuity in the design of core support structures of the demonstration fast breeder reactor (FBR) in Japan. For this purpose, the Japan Atomic Power Co. is conducting studies on the low cycle fatigue and creep fatigue strengths of fully penetrated T ad L-type welded joints at elevated temperatures. The present paper describes results drawn from these tests to date. specimens and testing conditions were determined to assess the applicability of box structures to the core support structure of the demonstration FBR in Japan. A study was concurrently carried out on methods to estimate the fatigue life based on nominal and weld toe strain ranges.
Field measurements of high speed QAM wireless transmission using equalization and real-time beamforming (2003)

This paper reports on field measurements of indoor high speed (10 Mbps to 30 Mbps) wireless data communications realized with a flexible M-QAM prototype featuring a real-time adaptive equalizer and a high speed real-time adaptive beamformer (smart antenna array). The wireless testbed operates at a carrier frequency of 2.44 GHz, transmits 1 or 10 mW of power in a 5 MHz band and delivers 10, 20 or 30 Mbps by changing the constellation size between 4-, 16- and 64-QAM, respectively. An extensive set of measurements, 7560 trials in all, were carried out using different equalizer and beamformer configurations. The results underscore the dramatic potential for a system that optimally combines equalization with adaptive beamforming. For example, an improvement of 43% (from 48% with equalization only to 5% with combined equalization and beamforming) was observed in the outage performance (uncoded BER of 10/sup -6/) of a 20 Mbps system operating in between 2 rooms. The same 20 Mbps system operating within a single room showed an outage of 2% (BER=10/sup -6/) with combined equalization and beamforming, 16% with beamforming only, 33% with equalization only, and 95% with simple demodulation. Additional field measurements at 10 Mbps and 30 Mbps presented in this paper corroborate this trend.
Growth of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes from human solid cancers: Summary of a 5‐year experience (1996)

Between 1989 and 1993, 255 tumor biopsies representing 4 tumor histologies (melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer and renal cell cancer) were received by the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were grown from single-cell suspensions of tumor biopsies over the course of 30-45 days. The TIL were grown in medium containing IL-2. To obtain numbers suitable for therapy (>10(11)), TIL were expanded using a large-scale system of cell culture and harvesting. While the largest number of biopsies was obtained from melanoma patients, TIL were successfully grown from 160 of 255 tumor biopsies representing all 4 histologies. Under the culture conditions employed, several characteristics of TIL expansion were observed. The cell surface phenotype of TIL which grew out from the tumor biopsies was generally a mix of CD3+/CD4+ or CD3+/CD8+ lymphocytes. Only TIL from melanoma biopsies were found to be consistently cytolytic and, in many cases, lysed autologous tumor cells preferentially. Interestingly, TIL derived from extra-nodal sites of metastatic melanoma biopsies (subcutaneous, lung, bowel; 36 of 67, 54%) were more likely to have these cytolytic characteristics than TIL derived from tumor-involved lymph node biopsies (7 of 39, 18%). The present study summarizes 5 years of laboratory effort and validates the technologies developed for the large-scale growth and harvesting of TIL. In addition, it summarizes the laboratory effort supporting previously published clinical reports on TIL from our group.
A Comprehensive Investigation of the Role of Vacuum Facility Pressure on High-Power Hall Thruster Testing (2002)

Closed-Drift Hall thrusters (CDTs) have great potential in satisfying many of the spacecraft propulsion needs of the United States Air Force for the next several decades. Its combination of high specific impulse, high thrust efficiency, and high thrust density makes it very attractive for a number of earth-orbit missions. However, due to the wide range of facilities used in CDT testing, it is difficult for researchers to make adequate comparisons between data sets because of both dissimilar instrumentation and backpressures. Thus, a tool is needed that allows researchers to obtain relevant plume data for a variety of chambers and backpressures. To this end, our work for this one-year effort has focused on studying the effectiveness of collimated Faraday probes in obtaining ion current density profiles of CDTs. A collimated probe is attractive because it offers the possibility of obtaining the true ion current density profile regardless of facility pumping speed by filtering low-energy charge-exchange collisions ions from the collector. We compare the ion current density profiles obtained simultaneously with collimated and 'nude' probes one meter from a CDT, at two facility pumping speeds and at thruster power levels between 1.5 and 5.0 kW.
Topological Hall effect in thin films of the Heisenberg ferromagnet EuO (2015)

We report on the topological Hall effect (THE) in centrosymmetric EuO thin films. This THE signal persists down to the lowest temperature in the metallic region below 50 K for the films thinner than 200 nm. The signal rapidly disappears by tilting the applied magnetic field from surface normal, suggestive of noncoplanar spin configuration such as two-dimensional skyrmions. This observation possibly substantiates the theoretical proposal of magnetic skyrmions in 2D Heisenberg ferromagnets in marked contrast to better established $B20\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{type}$ chiral helimagnets.
Microsoft AI-102 Dumps - Pass With Real AI-102 Exam Questions (2022)

100% actual Microsoft AI-102 dumps from ExamsLead. Our AI-102 exam questions are verified by highly experienced Microsoft experts.\n\nProficient Learning Material For Microsoft AI-102 Exam Success\n\nMicrosoft certifications are the most famous certifications in the world of information technology. AI-102 exam is one of the exams that help you to become a Microsoft Certified professional if you pass it with good result. There are many IT professionals who want to take the Microsoft AI-102 Designing and Implementing a Microsoft Azure AI Solution Exam and get a successful professional career. But the competition in the IT industry has made it difficult to pass the AI-102 exam in the first attempt. There are very few candidates who make it get through the AI-102 exam in their first attempt. The most important thing to pass the Microsoft AI-102 exam is to understand it properly and for this purpose, you need a proficient learning material such as ExamsLead.\n\nMicrosoft AI-102 Dumps In PDF Format\n\nExamsLead offers the AI-102 test dumps come in the PDF format that is easy to use and understand for you. The AI-102 pdf dumps helps you to learn and practice for the Microsoft AI-102 exam without any disturbance.\n\nReal &amp; Valid Microsoft AI-102 Dumps PDF\n\nExamsLead offers the questions and answers for the preparation of Microsoft AI-102 Designing and Implementing a Microsoft Azure AI Solution Exam. All the questions and answers belong to the real and latest Designing and Implementing a Microsoft Azure AI Solution Exam AI-102 exam and are 100% accurate. If you prepare all of these questions and answers then you will be able to pass the AI-102 exam with exceptional results.\n\nMicrosoft AI-102 Dumps Prepared By Microsoft Experts\n\nExamsLead has experts who know the requirements to pass the Microsoft AI-102 exam. They prepare the learning material for the preparation of Designing and Implementing a Microsoft Azure AI Solution Exam AI-102 exam according to the latest and actual syllabus of the Designing and Implementing a Microsoft Azure AI Solution Exam AI-102 exam.\n\nTry Free AI-102 Dumps Demo Exam Q&amp;A - https://examslead.com/ai-102-practice-exam-dumps/
Variable Barrier Resonant Tunneling Transistor: A New Path Towards Steep Slope and High On-Current? (2010)

A new concept of nanoscale MOSFET, the Variable-Barrier Resonant Tunneling Transistor, is presented and modeled using 3D Non-Equilibrium Green Function simulations. Owing to the presence of variable tunnel barrier(s) designed to be at the onset of resonant tunneling regime, we predict steep subthreshold slope as steep as 45mV/dec, together with high on-current and high Ion/Ioff current ratios in Si nanowire transistors.
Biocompatibility and tissue regenerating capacity of crosslinked dermal sheep collagen (1994)

The biocompatibility and tissue regenerating capacity of four crosslinked dermal sheep collagens (DSC) was studied. In vitro, the four DSC versions were found to be noncytotoxic or very low in cytotoxicity. After subcutaneous implantation in rats, hexamethylenediisocyanate-crosslinked DSC (HDSC) seldom induced an increased infiltration of neutrophils or macrophages, as compared with normal wound healing; whereas new formation of collagen was observed. DSC crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GDSC) followed by reaction with NaBH4 shortly after implantation showed an increased infiltration of neutrophils with a deviant morphology. Furthermore, a high incidence of calcification was observed, which may explain the minor ingrowth of giant cells and fibroblasts, and the poor formation of new rat collagen. Acyl azide-crosslinked DSC (AaDSC) first induced an increased infiltration of macrophages, and then of giant cells, both with high lipid formation. AaDSC degraded at least twice as slowly as HDSC and GDSC, finally leaving a matrix of newly formed rat collagen. Samples crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide (ENDSC) induced the same mild cellular reaction as HDSC; whereas, similar to AaDSC, the degradation rate was slow and an optimal rat collagen matrix was formed. Of the crosslinked DSC samples, ENDSC seems most promising for tissue regeneration.