gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-fat diet feeding and palmitic acid increase CRC growth in β2AR-dependent manner (2019)

Epidemiology studies indicate that consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is directly associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact component in HFD and the mechanism underlying its effect on CRC growth remained unclear. Our study shows that HFD feeding increases β2AR expression in the xenograft tissues of CRC-bearing mouse model; the elevated β2AR expression is reduced when HFD is replaced by control diet, which strongly suggests an association between HFD feeding and β2AR expression in CRC. HFD feeding increases palmitic acid and stearic acid levels in CRC; however, only palmitic acid increases β2AR expression, which is dependent upon Sp1. β2AR plays the dominant role in promoting CRC cell proliferation among all the β-AR subtypes. More importantly, knockout of β2AR or knockdown of Sp1 abolishes the palmitic acid increased CRC cell proliferation, suggesting palmitic acid increases CRC cell proliferation in β2AR-dependent manner. HFD or palmitic acid-rich diet (PAD) also fails to increase the tumor growth in xenograft mouse models bearing β2AR-knockout CRC cells. β2AR promotes CRC growth by increasing the phosphorylation of HSL at the residue S552. The phosphorylated and activated HSL (S552) changes the metabolic phenotype of CRC and increases energy production, which promotes CRC growth. Our study has revealed the unique tumorigenic properties of palmitic acid in promoting CRC growth, and have delineated the underlying mechanism of action. We are also the first to report the linkage between HFD feeding and β-adrenergic signaling pathway in relation to CRC growth.
Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae: A Review of Clinical Aspects, Surface Antigens, and the Human Immune Response to Infection (1987)

Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae has now become well established as an important pathogen in both adults and children. Recent work has identified clear distinctions between nontypable and type b strains of H. influenzae. These organisms affect different patient populations, cause different infections, present different surface antigens to the host, and are genetically different. The commonest clinical manifestation of infection due to nontypable H. influenzae in adults is lower respiratory tract infection, particularly in the elderly and in those with chronic bronchitis. The bacterium is a frequent cause of acute otitis media in children. The surface of nontypable H. influenzae is composed of outer-membrane proteins and lipooligosaccharide, and both of these demonstrate substantial antigenic heterogeneity, which can be used to serotype isolates. Some respiratory tract isolates are fimbriated, but the role of fimbriae in pathogenesis is unclear. Antibodies to outer-membrane proteins and lipooligosaccharide are present in human serum. Investigation of human immunity to infection is focusing on identification of those antigens to which protective antibody is directed.
Atmospheric pressure ionization permanent magnet fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (2007)

A new Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer based on a permanent magnet with an atmospheric pressure ionization source was designed and constructed. A mass resolving power (full-width-at-half-maximum) of up to 80,000 in the electron ionization mode and 25,000 in the electrospray mode was obtained. Also, a mass measurement accuracy at low-ppm level has been demonstrated for peptide mixtures in a mass range of up to 1200 m/z in the isotopically resolved mass spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum Oxide Structure on Silica‐Supported Catalysts Studied by Raman Spectroscopy and Extended X‐Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy. (1988)

Abstract The Raman spectrum of a calcined (773 K, 5 h, air) Mo/SiO2 catalysts of high Mo loading (20 wt.%) is identical with that of MoO 3 , whereas EXAFS results indicate that MoO 3 is not the dominant species in the 20 wt.% Mo catalyst.
Concurrent multi-band power amplifier employing multi-section impedance transformer (2011)

This paper presents a novel concurrent multi-band power amplifier. A newly proposed multi-section impedance transformer provides impedance matching in individual bands at the same time. Each section is synthesized to match the corresponding operation band and to prevent impedance deviation in other matched bands by employing a branched stub. A 1W-class triple-band PA following the proposed scheme achieves a maximum power added efficiency of greater than 55% with a high output power of greater than 30 dBm at 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, and 2.1 GHz.
Hydrophobic α-Amino acids favour the inhibition of human GIIA phospholipase A2 by 2-Oxoamides (2012)

Phospholipases A 2 (PLA 2 ) are a superfamily of enzymes involved in various biochemical processes -such as arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism-and therefore are pharmaceutical targets.They catalyze the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids, producing free fatty acids including arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids. 1 The secreted PLA 2 (sPLA 2 ) family (groups IB, IIA, IIC, IID, IIE, IIF, III, V, X and XII) are mainly small secreted proteins of 14-18 kDa.GIIA was among the first groups of sPLA 2 identified and was found in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.It has also been detected in human atherosclerotic lesions and is believed to enhance lipid accumulation in arterial intima. 2 The domain of GIIA sPLA 2 contains three long -helices, two-stranded -sheets referred as -wings, and a conserved Ca 2+ binding loop.Most of the residues of the GIIA sPLA 2 surface are basic, which may cause the selectivity of the enzyme of binding to anionic vesicles.The active site consists of the catalytic dyad His47/Asp91, the Ca 2+ ion and a long lipophilic tunnel which tends to enfold the aliphatic parts of substrates when they occur.The discovery of potent and selective PLA 2 inhibitors is of great pharmaceutical importance. 3Kokotos and cowokers have developed a novel class of inhibitors (1a, 1b) for cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (GIVA cPLA 2 ). 4 Most recently, it was found that the long chain 2oxoamide GK126 based on the amino acid (S)-leucine displayed inhibition of human and mouse GIIA sPLA 2 (IC 50 300 nM and 180 nM, respectively). 5Here, we present a series of docking experiments of long chain 2-oxoamide derivatives based on the proteinogenic -amino acids and the synthesis of the most promising molecules according to the docking results.1a, n=1 GK126 1b, n=2
Influence of batch-specific biochemical egg characteristics on embryogenesis and hatching success in farmed pikeperch (2017)

Low and variable egg quality remains a major issue in aquaculture impeding a reliable and continuous supply of larvae, particularly in emerging species, such as pikeperch, Sander lucioperca. We assessed the influence of batch-specific egg parameters (fatty acid (FA) profiles, cortisol content) on embryo life-stages until hatching (survival at 2, 24, 48, 72 h post fertilization (hpf), hatching rate) in an integrated study under commercial hatchery conditions (44 egg batches). Embryo mortality was elevated until 48 hpf (average 9.8% mortality between 2 and 48 hpf). Embryos surviving until 48 hpf were very likely (98.5%) to hatch successfully. The inherent egg FA composition was variable in-between batches. Total FA content ranged form 66.1 to 171.7 µg/mg (dry matter) total FA. Whereas specific FA ,18 : 0 and 20 : 5(n-3) (eicosapentaenoic acid) of the polar fraction and the ratio of 22 : 6(n-3) (docosahexaenoic acid) to 20 : 5(n-3) within the neutral fraction, were significantly correlated with early embryo development, contents of the respective FA did not differ between high (>90% hatching rate), mid (70% to 90% hatching rate) and low (<70% hatching rate) quality egg batches. Late embryo development and hatching were relatively independent of the FA profiles highlighting stage-dependent influences especially during early embryogenesis. Cortisol levels ranged from 22.7 to 293.2 ng/ml and did not directly explain for mortalities. However, high cortisol was associated with a lower content of specific FA, in particular highly unsaturated FA. These results demonstrate the magnitude of inter-individual differences in the batch-specific biochemical egg composition under stable hatchery conditions and suggest a stress-mediated lack of essential FA, which in turn affects early embryo survival. Surprisingly, embryos are able to cope well with a broad range of inherent egg parameters, which limits their predictive potential for egg quality in general. Still, specific FA profiles of high quality egg batches have potential for formulating species-specific broodstock diets and improving reproductive management in pikeperch.
TGF-β signalling-related markers in cancer patients with bone metastasis (2008)

We measured transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-dependent biomarkers in plasma and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to identify suitable pharmacodynamic markers for future clinical trials with TGF-beta inhibitors. Forty-nine patients with bone metastasis were enrolled in the study, including patients with breast (n=23) and prostate cancer (n=15). Plasma TGF-beta1 levels were elevated in more than half of the cancer patients (geometric mean 2.63 ng ml(-1)) and positively correlated with increased platelet factor 4 (PF4) levels, parathyroid-related protein (PTHrP), von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and interleukin (IL)-10. PBMC were stimulated ex vivo to determine the individual biological variability of an ex vivo assay measuring pSMAD expression. This assay performed sufficiently well to allow its future use in a clinical trial of a TGF-beta inhibitor.
On-chip Fourier transform spectrometer on silicon-on-sapphire (2019)

We designed and experimentally demonstrated an on-chip Fourier transform spectrometer on silicon-on-sapphire. The spectrometer comprises an array of twelve Mach&#x2013;Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) with linearly increasing optical path delays between MZI arms. The propagation loss of 5.2&#x00A0;dB/cm has been experimentally observed for the strip waveguides. The retrieval of an optical spectrum is demonstrated with an inter-band cascade laser centered at 3.3&#x00A0;&#x03BC;m. The resolution is better than 10&#x2009;&#x2009;cm&#x2212;1.
Enhancing the Energy Storage Capabilities of Ti3C2Tx MXene Electrodes by Atomic Surface Reduction (2021)

Abstract MXenes are a large class of 2D materials that consist of few‐atoms‐thick layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. The surface functionalization of MXenes has immense implications for their physical, chemical, and electronic properties. However, solution‐phase surface functionalization often leads to structural degradation of the MXene electrodes. Here, a non‐conventional, single‐step atomic surface reduction (ASR) technique is adopted for the surface functionalization of MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) in an atomic layer deposition reactor using trimethyl aluminum as a volatile reducing precursor. The chemical nature of the modified surface is characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The electrochemical properties of the surface‐modified MXene are evaluated in acidic and neutral aqueous electrolyte solutions, as well as in conventional Li‐ion and Na‐ion organic electrolytes. A considerable improvement in electrochemical performance is obtained for the treated electrodes in all the examined electrolyte solutions, expressed in superior rate capability and cycling stability compared to those of the non‐treated MXene films. This improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the increased interlayer spacing and modified surface terminations after the ASR process.
HMG-Domain Protein Recognition of Cisplatin 1,2-Intrastrand d(GpG) Cross-Links in Purine-Rich Sequence Contexts (2000)

HMG-domain proteins bind strongly to bent DNA structures, including cruciform and cisplatin-modified duplexes. Such protein-platinated DNA complexes, formed where the DNA is modified by the active cis but not the inactive trans isomer of diamminedichloroplatinum(II), are implicated in the cytotoxic mechanism of the drug. A series of oligonucleotide duplexes with deoxyguanosine nucleosides flanking a cis-[Pt(NH(3))(2)¿d(GpG)-N7(1),-N7(2)¿] cross-link have been synthesized. These probes were used to determine the flanking sequence dependence of the affinity of the individual HMG domains of HMG1 toward cisplatin-modified DNA. Nine related sequences, where N(1) and N(2) are not dG and GG is the 1,2-intrastrand cisplatin adduct in N(1)GGN(2), were previously investigated [Dunham, S. U., and Lippard, S. J. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 11428-11436]. Three of the seven remaining possible sequences for which N(1) and/or N(2) was dG were prepared here by using normal deoxyguanosine, but the rest, where N(1) is dG and N(2) is dA, dC, T, or dG, could not be isolated in pure form. These sequences were accessed by using the synthetic bases 7-deazaadenine and 7-deazaguanine, which lack the nucleophilic N7 atom in the purine ring. Deaza nucleotides accurately mimic the properties of the natural bases, allowing the interaction of the HMG-domain proteins with cisplatin-modified DNA to be examined. These experiments reveal that the flexibility of A.T versus G.C flanking base pairs, rather than base-specific contacts, determines HMG1domA protein selectivity. This conclusion was supported by use of mutant HMG1domA and HMG1domB proteins, which exhibit identical flanking sequence selectivity. The methods and results obtained here not only improve our understanding of how proteins might mediate cisplatin genotoxicity but also should apply more generally in the investigation of how other proteins interact with damaged DNA.
A stereospecific total synthesis of (.+-.)-methylenomycin A and its epimer, (.+-.)-epimethylenomycin A (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA stereospecific total synthesis of (.+-.)-methylenomycin A and its epimer, (.+-.)-epimethylenomycin ARobert M. Scarborough Jr., Bruce H. Toder, and Amos B. Smith IIICite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 11, 3904–3913Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00531a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1668Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Algorithm for Digital Mitigation of ICI Due to Phase Noise in OFDM Receivers (2012)

In this letter, an enhanced yet computationally efficient algorithm is proposed for suppressing ICI due to phase noise in OFDM receivers. The method is particularly targeted to improve the detection error rate performance when high-order constellation size and long cyclic prefix are used. The approach optimizes the interpolation of estimated excess phase between adjacent OFDM symbols and re-compensates for residual CPE after interpolation. The proposed enhancement is verified in OFDM system with 64-QAM subcarrier modulation and 1/4 cyclic prefix, and shown to outperform state-of-the-art. Implementation complexity and its optimization are also discussed.
Improvements in observed and relative survival in follicular grade 1-2 lymphoma during 4 decades: the Stanford University experience (2013)

Recent studies report an improvement in overall survival (OS) of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). Previously untreated patients with grade 1 to 2 FL treated at Stanford University from 1960-2003 were identified. Four eras were considered: era 1, pre-anthracycline (1960-1975, n = 180); era 2, anthracycline (1976-1986, n = 426); era 3, aggressive chemotherapy/purine analogs (1987-1996, n = 471); and era 4, rituximab (1997-2003, n = 257). Clinical characteristics, patterns of care, and survival were assessed. Observed OS was compared with the expected OS calculated from Berkeley Mortality Database life tables derived from population matched by gender and age at the time of diagnosis. The median OS was 13.6 years. Age, gender, and stage did not differ across the eras. Although primary treatment varied, event-free survival after the first treatment did not differ between eras (P = .17). Median OS improved from 11 years in eras 1 and 2 to 18.4 years in era 3 and has not yet been reached for era 4 (P < .001), with no suggestion of a plateau in any era. These improvements in OS exceeded improvements in survival in the general population during the same period. Several factors, including better supportive care and effective therapies for relapsed disease, are likely responsible for this improvement.
Ligand Conjugation of Chemically Exfoliated MoS2 (2013)

MoS2 is a two-dimensional material that is gaining prominence due to its unique electronic and chemical properties. Here, we demonstrate ligand conjugation of chemically exfoliated MoS2 using thiol chemistry. With this method, we modulate the ζ-potential and colloidal stability of MoS2 sheets through ligand designs, thus enabling its usage as a selective artificial protein receptor for β-galactosidase. The facile thiol functionalization route opens the door for surface modifications of solution processable MoS2 sheets.
Rhombohedral LSMO films – a unique case of ferroelastic domain formation (2005)

Abstract Ferroelastic domain formation in thin films of rhombohedral La 1– x Sr x MnO 3 (LSMO), coherently grown on (001) or (011) oriented SrTiO 3 (STO), is suggested to occur during film deposition at elevated temperatures, unlike other common perovskite films where structural phase transition and domain formation take place only during cooling. Due to a comparatively small lattice parameter misfit, the LSMO/STO system should be an ideal case for the experimental observation of domain formation without additional strain relaxation effects including misfit dislocation formation. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Silicon Thinning using Ultra-Short Pulse Laser Ablation (2004)

Abstract Ultra-short pulse laser ablation is applied to IC backside sample preparation. It is contact-less, non-thermal, precise and can ablate the various types of material present in IC packages. This study concerns the optimization of ultra-short pulse laser ablation for silicon thinning. Uncontrolled silicon roughness and poor uniformity of the laser thinned cavity needed to be tackled. Special care is taken to minimize the silicon RMS roughness to less than 1µm. Application to sample preparation of 256Mbit devices is presented.
Correction: Al-Qahtani et al. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of 2-Methoxyestradiol Exhibits Enhanced Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activities in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Life 2022, 12, 1369 (2023)

In the original publication [...].
Rapid translocation of pluripotency-related transcription factors by external uniaxial forces (2019)

Human embryonic stem cells subjected to a one-time uniaxial stretch for as short as 30-min on a flexible substrate coated with Matrigel experienced rapid and irreversible nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of NANOG and OCT4, but not Sox2. Translocations were directed by intracellular transmission of biophysical signals from cell surface integrins to nuclear CRM1 and were independent of exogenous soluble factors. On E-CADHERIN-coated substrates, presumably with minimal integrin engagement, mechanical strain-induced rapid nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of the three transcription factors. These findings might provide fundamental insights into early developmental processes and may facilitate mechanotransduction-mediated bioengineering approaches to influencing stem cell fate determination.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MOUND STRUCTURE OF LONG-PERIOD WAVE ABSORBING STRUCTURES USING WAVE-DISSIPATING BLOCKS (2018)

港内で長周期波の反射波を抑制する工法として研究が進められているマウンド構造物について，現時点では十分に検討がなされていない消波ブロックの被覆層の厚さに着目して，マウンド構造による反射特性を検討した．既往の研究と同様に没水堤よりも没水離岸堤の反射率が小さいことを確認した．新たな知見として，没水離岸堤の全体を消波ブロックで構成するよりも，中詰め石材層を消波ブロックで被覆する構造の反射率が小さいこと，消波ブロックの層厚が小さい条件で反射率が小さいことなどを確認した．これまでの研究により没水堤や没水離岸堤は天端を潮位面と一致させると効果的であることが確認されているが，潮位変化を考慮すると天端をM.W.L. より高く設定することが効果的であることを示した．
Report: NIA Workshop on Measures of Physiologic Resiliencies in Human Aging (2017)

Extending the focus of care and research to improving the capacity to respond to stressors could benefit older adults in promoting a healthier life span.
Bacterial and phage mutations that reveal helix-unwinding activities required for bacteriophage T4 DNA replication. (1983)

An Escherichia coli strain with a mutation in the optA gene restricts the growth of bacteriophage T4 strains partially defective in gene 43 (DNA polymerase) or missing gene dda (DNA-dependent ATPase). The mutations in the dda gene inactivate a DNA-dependent ATPase that has been shown to have DNA helicase activity in vitro. We show that the restriction of phage growth after infection of the optA bacterium is the result of a block in DNA replication. We infer that the block arises from a defect in DNA unwinding.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW CLASS OF NITROSOUREAS. VIII. SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF 3‐SUBSTITUTED 1‐(2‐CHLOROETHYL)‐3‐(TRANS‐2‐HYDROXYCYCLOHEXYL)‐1‐NITROSOUREAS (1983)

Abstract Die aus Epoxycyclohexan (I) mit primären Aminen (II) zugänglichen Aminocyclohexanole (III) addieren sich an β‐Chlorethylisocyanat (IV) zu den Harnstoffen (V), die sich thermisch zu den Hydroxycyclohexylamino‐oxazolidinen (VI) cyclisieren oder mit N 2 O 4 zu den N‐Nitrosoharnstoffen (VII) nitrosieren lassen.