gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How Does Channel Coding Affect the Design of Uplink SCMA Multidimensional Constellations? (2020)

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a potential non-orthogonal multiple access candidate for future wireless systems. The key performance indicators (KPIs) of uplink SCMA multidimensional constellations (MdCs) that should be considered in their design process have recently been identified in conjunction with the LTE turbo code for different channel scenarios. However, it is questionable whether the same KPIs are applicable to designing MdCs when a different error correcting code is employed. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the high-rate and low-rate 5G low density parity check (LDPC) codes on determining KPIs in designing MdCs for uplink SCMA systems under various channel scenarios. Through simulations, we show that similar results to the LTE turbo coded case occur in the presence of 5G LDPC code, with one notable exception over one specific scenario. The exception is in the performance of one MdC, which has a low number of distinct points; its performance is significantly worse than predicted by the KPIs when the low-rate 5G LDPC code is employed. This phenomenon happens due to the inherent structure of the 5G LDPC code, in which we propose a pseudorandom interleaver to rectify the problem.
13C-NMR of Anionic Low-Molecular-Weight Stat-Poly(Ethylene Oxide-Co-Propylene Oxide): Correlation with Monte Carlo Simulation (1995)

Abstract Low-molecular-weight stat-poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide) copolymers have been prepared by anionic way using a new heterogeneous catalytic process. After checking the reactivity ratios of the system, the new resonance peaks due to low-molecular-weight chains (end groups) have been assigned and the copolymers were fully characterized by 13C-NMR in terms of triads centered in ethylene oxide units. Finally, signal areas have been successfully compared with computer simulation based on the Monte Carlo method, taking into account the chain length distribution resulting from anionic polymerization.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Determination of Tumor Grade and Early Response to Temozolomide in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Glioma (2007)

The use of MRI in the Ntv-a model allows determination of glioma grade and survival prediction, distribution of mice with specific tumor types into preclinical trials, and efficacy determination both by tumor growth and early apparent diffusion coefficient response.
Non-invasive measurement of internal diameter of peripheral arteries during the cardiac cycle (1988)

An ultrasonic device was developed for continuous monitoring of the internal diameter of human peripheral arteries. The diastolic internal diameter of the radial artery measured in 10 supine normotensive subjects averaged 2.36 +/- 0.12 mm (mean +/- s.e.) and the change in diameter during the pulse wave was 0.037 +/- 0.003 mm. It was surprising to find that when the transducer was used to apply pressure on the radial artery, the difference between the systolic and the diastolic diameter was significantly increased while the diastolic diameter was reduced. This method therefore allows continuous, accurate and non-invasive measurement of the internal diameter of the human radial artery.
ChemInform Abstract: USE OF POLYMERIC NUCLEOPHILES FOR THE SELECTIVE BINDING AND REMOVAL OF α‐METHYLENE‐Γ‐BUTYROLACTONE ALLERGENS FROM COMPLEX MIXTURES (1980)

Abstract Polystyrol (I) liefert über die Chlor‐ und Cyanomethyl‐Verbindungen (II) und (III) das polymere Amin (IV).
Transference of skills between sports and business (1998)

This paper presents the findings of a literature review and survey conducted on sport sponsorship in the UK. The paper seeks to establish relevant material published that addresses the issue of the transferability of techniques and skills from sports to business. The findings of the literature review highlighted the close relationship between the two mediums. The results of the sponsorship questionnaire showed evidence of the transference of mutually beneficial skills between the organisations offering the assistance, and the sporting organisation receiving the funding. The survey indicated that a majority of sports sponsoring organisations offered more than just monetary assistance to their beneficiaries. Sponsors also assisted with the management of specific events, and operated the complicated software and computer equipment required for the smooth running of the sporting activity. These organisations supplied the sports with key personnel, and highly skilled staff who were experts in their respective fields in marketing, public relations, corporate hospitality, and management.
Inclusive search for highly boosted Higgs bosons decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV (2020)

A search for standard model Higgs bosons (H) produced with transverse momentum (p$_{T}$) greater than 450 GeV and decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs (bb̅) is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at $\sqrt{s}$= 13 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The search is inclusive in the Higgs boson production mode. Highly Lorentz-boosted Higgs bosons decaying to bb̅ are reconstructed as single large-radius jets, and are identified using jet substructure and a dedicated b tagging technique based on a deep neural network. The method is validated with Z → bb̅ decays. For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an excess of events above the background assuming no Higgs boson production is observed with a local significance of 2.5 standard deviations (σ), while the expectation is 0.7. The corresponding signal strength and local significance with respect to the standard model expectation are μ$_{H}$ = 3.7 ± 1.2(stat)(+0.8)¦(-0.7) (syst)(+0.8)¦(-0.5) (theo) and 1.9 σ. Additionally, an unfolded differential cross section as a function of Higgs boson p$_{T}$ for the gluon fusion production mode is presented, assuming the other production modes occur at the expected rates.
Study design of Dal-GenE, a pharmacogenetic trial targeting reduction of cardiovascular events with dalcetrapib (2020)

The objectives of precision medicine are to better match patient characteristics with the therapeutic intervention to optimize the chances of beneficial actions while reducing the exposure to unneeded adverse drug experiences. In a retrospective genome-wide association study of the overall neutral placebo-controlled dal-Outcomes trial, the effect of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) modulator dalcetrapib on the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke was found to be influenced by a polymorphism in the adenylate cyclase type 9 (ADCY9) gene. Whereas patients with the AA genotype at position rs1967309 experienced fewer cardiovascular events with dalcetrapib, those with the GG genotype had an increased rate and the heterozygous AG genotype exhibited no difference from placebo. Measurements of cholesterol efflux and C-reactive protein (CRP) offered directionally supportive genotype-specific findings. In a separate, smaller, placebo-controlled trial, regression of ultrasonography-determined carotid intimal-medial thickness was only observed in dalcetrapib-treated patients with the AA genotype. Collectively, these observations led to the hypothesis that the cardiovascular effects of dalcetrapib may be pharmacogenetically determined, with a favorable benefit-risk ratio only for patients with this specific genotype. We describe below the design of dal-GenE, a precision medicine, placebo-controlled clinical outcome trial of dalcetrapib in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction with the unique feature of selecting only those with the AA genotype at rs1967309 in the ADCY9 gene.
Laser Flash Photolysis Study of Chlorocarbene (1996)

Laser flash photolysis (308 nm) of endo-7-chlorodibenzo[a,c]bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane produces phenanthrene and chlorocarbene, which can be trapped with pyridine to form an ylide. The ylide absorbs strongly at 374 nm, and its lifetime is many tens of microseconds. It was not possible to resolve the grow of the ylide due to the rapid reaction of chlorocarbene with solvent. It was possible, however, to deduce the lifetimes of chlorocarbene in various solvents by measuring the yield of ylide as a function of [pyridine] and assuming that the absolute rate constant of reaction of chlorocarbene is the average of those of dichlorocarbene and alkylchlorocarbenes, which have been previously reported. Absolute rate constants for the reaction of chlorocarbene with alkenes were then deduced by the Stern−Volmer method, and the relative reactivity of chlorocarbene toward alkenes was found to be in good agreement with the relative reactivities of the lithium−chlorocarbene complex or carbenoid determined by analysis of product mixtures reported by Closs and Schwartz.
Remote Desymmetrization at Near-Nanometer Group Separation Catalyzed by a Miniaturized Enzyme Mimic (2006)

The chirality of biological receptors often requires syntheses of therapeutic compounds in single enantiomer form. The field of asymmetric catalysis addresses enantioselective synthesis with chiral catalysts. Chemical differentiation of sites within molecules that are separated in space by long distances presents special challenges to chiral catalysts. As the distance between enantiotopic sites increases within a substrate, so too may the requirements for size and complexity for the catalyst. The extreme of catalyst complexity could be defined by macromolecular enzymes and their amazing capacity to effect stereospecific reactions over long distances between reactive sites and enzyme-substrate contacts. We report here a synthetic, miniaturized enzyme mimic that catalyzes a desymmetrization reaction over a very long distance.
Processing queries for first-few answers (1996)

Special support for quickly finding the first-few answers of a query is atready appearing in commercial database systems. This support is useful in active databases,when dealing with potentially unmanageable query results, and as a declarative akernativeto navigational techniques. In this paper, wediscuss query processing techniques for first-answer queries. We provide a method for predicting the cost of a first-answer query plan under an execution model that attempts to reduce wasted effort in join pipelining. We define new statistics necessary for accurate cost prediction, and discuss techniques for obtaining the statistics through traditional statistical measures (e.g. selectivity) and semantic data properties commonly specified through modem 00DB and relatiorud schemas. The proposed techniques also apply to all-answer query processing when optimizing for fast delivery of the initiat query results.
Blocking LINGO-1 Function Promotes Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival Following Ocular Hypertension and Optic Nerve Transection (2008)

The authors demonstrated that blocking LINGO-1 function with LINGO-1 antagonists rescues RGCs from cell death after ocular hypertension and optic nerve transection. They also delineated the RhoA and PI-3K/Akt pathways as the predominant mediator of LINGO-1-Fc neuroprotection in this paradigm of RGC death.
An Intraosseous Epidermoid Cyst That Originated from the Nail Bed of Great Toe with Concurrent Joint Infection: A Case Report (2016)

We report on a rare case of an intraosseous epidermoid cyst in the distal phalanx of the great toe with concurrent infection in a 71-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus. The lesion was initially considered simple infectious arthritis and concomitant osteomyelitis in a patient with diabetes. However, after surgery, an intraosseous epidermoid cyst originating from the nail bed and involving the articular surface of the distal phalanx was detected. The epidermoid cyst may have contributed to the infectious arthritis in the interphalangeal joint. The lesion was treated via mass excision, arthrotomy, debridement, and intravenous antibiotics.
Synergistic effect of HIF‐1α and FoxO3a trigger cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hyperglycemic ischemia condition (2017)

Cardiomyocyte death is an important pathogenic feature of ischemia and heart failure. Through this study, we showed the synergistic role of HIF-1α and FoxO3a in cardiomyocyte apoptosis subjected to hypoxia plus elevated glucose levels. Using gene specific small interfering RNAs (siRNA), semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence, nuclear and cytosolic localization and TUNEL assay techniques, we determined that combined function of HIF-1α and FoxO3a under high glucose plus hypoxia condition lead to enhanced expression of BNIP3 inducing cardiomyocyte death. Our results highlighted the importance of the synergistic role of HIF-1α and FoxO3a in cardiomyocyte death which may add insight into therapeutic approaches to pathophysiology associated with ischemic diabetic cardiomyopathies.
Alterations in the RB, p16, and Cyclin D1 Cell Cycle Control Pathway in Osteosarcomas (2000)

The retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcomas. Loss of function of RB may occur through abrogation of the RB/p16/cyclin Dl regularity pathway. Our study evaluated the protein expression of pRB, p16, and cyclin D1 in osteosarcomas: 27 tumor specimens from 20 patients were immunostained with antibodies to pRB, p16, and cyclin Dl using the avidin-biotin method with antigen retrieval. In a subset of cases, the immuno-histochemical expression of pRB was correlated with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the RB locus; 56% of the specimens (15/27 cases) had an altered component of the pRB Ip16/cyclin D1 pathway with pRB the most frequent abnormal protein (9/27 or 33%) and p16 and cyclin D1 immunohistochemically abnormal in 2 and 3 patients, respectively. Only one protein in the pathway was abnormally expressed in any individual specimen. Absent pRB expression was associated with LOH in 7 of 15 cases (47%), white in another 8 cases pRB was expressed immunohistochemically despite LOH noted by molecular analysis. Two cases were heterozygous by molecular analysis and demonstrated positive nuclear staining. These results support the role of the RB cell cycle control pathway (pRB, p16, cyclin D1) in the pathogenesis of a subset of osteosarcomas. The results also seem to identify a subset of osteosarcomas (about one-third in our study) in which other genetic factors, including others in this pathway, may be important.
Tdoa Estimation Based On Phase-Voting Cross Correlation And Circular Standard Deviation (2018)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Kos island, Greece, 2017
Quantification of Heterogeneity on 201Tl Gated SPECT (2012)

The heterogeneity of myocardial percentage uptake on ²⁰¹Tl GMPS was correlated with the severity of CAD. Stress end-diastolic CV value is a candidate index for differentiating patients with multivessel CAD from single-vessel CAD and insignificant-CAD.
Synthesis of Ester Prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as Anti-Poxvirus Agents (2010)

9-(S)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) and its cyclic form were selected for further evaluation as potential drug candidates against poxvirus infections. To increase bioavailability of these compounds, synthesis of their structurally diverse ester prodrugs was carried out: alkoxyalkyl (hexadecyloxypropyl, octadecyloxyethyl, hexadecyloxyethyl), pivaloyloxymethyl (POM), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, butylsalicylyl, and prodrugs based on peptidomimetics. Most HPMPDAP prodrugs were synthesized in the form of monoesters as well as the corresponding cyclic phosphonate esters. The activity was evaluated not only against vaccinia virus but also against different herpes viruses. The most potent and active prodrugs against vaccinia virus were the alkoxyalkyl ester derivatives of HPMPDAP, with 50% effective concentrations 400-600-fold lower than those of the parent compound. Prodrugs based on peptidomimetics, the 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, the POM, and the butylsalicylyl derivatives, were able to inhibit vaccinia virus replication at 50% effective concentrations that were equivalent or ∼10-fold lower than those observed for the parent compounds.
Association of Long Runs of Homozygosity With Alzheimer Disease Among African American Individuals (2015)

To our knowledge, we discovered the first evidence of increased burden of ROHs among patients with AD from an outbred African American population, which could reflect either the cumulative effect of multiple ROHs to AD or the contribution of specific loci harboring recessive mutations and risk haplotypes in a subset of patients. Sequencing is required to uncover AD variants in these individuals.
Solvatochromic and Electrokinetic Studies of Banana Fibrils Prepared from Steam-Exploded Banana Fiber (2008)

Steam explosion technique was used to isolate banana fibrils from banana fiber. The surface polarity of banana fiber, banana fibril, and chemically-treated banana fibril was investigated by ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy using solvatochromic probe dye molecules. The empirical Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic polarity parameters such as hydrogen bond donating ability HBD (alpha), hydrogen bond accepting ability HBA (beta), the dipolarity (pi*), Gutman acceptor number, and Reichardts ET(30) values for the banana fiber, banana fibril, and chemically-treated banana fibril were determined. It was observed that banana fibril has higher HBD value than banana fiber. Chemical treatment of the banana fibril has lowered the HBD value. The results of the empirical polarity parameters determined were found to be consistent with the results of electrokinetic measurements. The functional groups on the surface of banana fiber, banana fibril, and chemically-treated banana fibril was further analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR spectra revealed the dissolution of the various components from the banana fiber after steam explosion which was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.
Cloud-to-ground lightning dipole moment from simultaneous observations by ELF receiver and combined direction finding and time-of-arrival lightning detection system (2011)

[1] We present a new method of automatic detection of ELF impulses related to cloud-to-ground lightning at distances 1–2 Mm from a broadband ELF receiver and also we present a new numerical automated technique for calculating the lightning dipole moment. We have performed the detection for two known data sets of lightning flashes detected by the French lightning detection network Meteorage in southwest Europe over two 48 h periods 28–29 July and 6–7 September 2005. The number of flashes identified in the ELF data compared to the number of flashes detected by Meteorage reach 10–25% when little local activity close to the ELF station is present. The local thunderstorm activity worsens the detection of lightning from larger distances and the efficiency of identification of ELF impulses as lightning can decrease to a few percent. By combining the information on the location of the lightning flashes from Meteorage with the ELF data, lightning dipole moments can be calculated. Our results suggest the dipole moment is linearly correlated with the lightning peak current (p ≃ 7.5 Imax) but the dispersion of the dipole moment for a given peak current is significant. One of the reasons of such dispersion is the contribution of the lightning continuing current to the ELF signal.
About butterflies, barnacles and stamp collecting (2020)

Gottfried Ottings is quite right to defend the noble art of butterfly collecting. Rutherford never said anything critical about these pretty insects either. The proper quote is: "
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Novel (5‐Nitropyridin‐2‐yl)alkyl and (5‐Nitropyridin‐3‐yl)alkyl Carbamates. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of photodynamic therapy on single cancer cells studied by integrated Raman and angular scattering microscopy (2012)

Using integrated Raman and angular scattering microscopy (IRAM), we follow the response of EMT6 cancer cells to photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment. The study combines two non-labelling light scattering techniques to extract chemical information and organelle sizes from single cells. Each cell is measured repeatedly over several hours to follow changes in these parameters as the cell responds to the PDT treatment. An automated algorithm identifies which parameters are changing in time. Size parameters extracted from angular scattering measurements show a decrease in the size of 1-micron-diameter scatterers in treated cells. Treated cells also exhibit trends in several Raman peaks, denoting changes in chemical concentrations of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Each of these parameters - acquired from both measurement modalities - can be monitored on a cell-by-cell basis. The ability to track these chemical and structural changes over time allows access to greater knowledge of biological processes.
Rapid detection of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Cotonou (Benin) using two low-cost colorimetric methods: resazurin and nitrate reductase assays (2008)

We have evaluated two simple, rapid and low-cost colorimetric methods for the detection of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total of 151 M. tuberculosis strains were tested for resistance to rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid by resazurin microplate assay (REMA) and nitrate reductase assay (NRA) in comparison with the conventional proportion method (PM) on Löwenstein-Jensen medium. A complete agreement was found between NRA and PM, while one false RMP-susceptible result was found by REMA. REMA and NRA tests are rapid and inexpensive, and could be good alternatives to the conventional PM in low-resource countries.
Phorbol esters enhance the cyclic GMP response of T84 cells to the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (STa) (1990)

We examined the effect of protein kinase C (PKC) activation on the cyclic GMP response to heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) in a colonic carcinoma intestinal epithelial cell line, T84 cells. Our results demonstrate that the active phorbol ester analog, phorbol dibutyrate, but not the inactive alpha-phorbol dibutyrate, acts synergistically with STa to elevate cyclic GMP in intact T84 cells. The effect is observed in the absence or presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, isobutylmethylxanthine, which suggests that phorbol dibutyrate modifies cyclic GMP synthesis rather than cyclic GMP degradation. In contrast to several systems in which prolonged treatment with phorbol ester desensitizes PKC-mediated responses, the cyclic GMP response in T84 cells is not diminished by prolonged treatment of T84 cells with phorbol dibutyrate. Also, transient treatment of T84 cells with phorbol dibutyrate enhances subsequent STa-stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation. These observations suggest that PKC activation produces a long-lived signal in T84 cells which enhances cyclic GMP accumulation in response to STa. Second messenger "cross talk" [T. Yoshimasa, D. R. Sibley, M. Bouvier, R. J. Lefkowitz, and M. G. Caron, Nature (London) 327:67-70, 1987] may be important in the pathogenesis of diarrheal disease.
Multistripe array grating integrated cavity (MAGIC) laser: a new semiconductor laser for WDM applications (1992)

A novel semiconductor laser formed by monolithically integrating an array of active stripes with a passive planar waveguide bearing an etched-in diffraction grating is reported. Laser emission occurs from different stripes at different, precisely predetermined, wavelengths. It is expected that this laser will find widespread application in wavelength division multiplexed networks.