gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Support system for constructing communication services and protocols based on compositional approach (2002)

One of the most important techniques for designing protocols is the compositional technique in which small and simple protocols are designed and verified first and then a large and complex protocol is composed of these small unit like protocols. We have proposed an approach in which service specifications and protocol specifications are simultaneously constructed by combining unit like service and protocol specifications specified in LOTOS. We design and implement a support system for constructing service and protocol specifications based on the approach. The system supports alternative, sequential and parallel composition of specifications. The composed service specification and protocol specifications are observationally equivalent.
Beneficial effect of galectin 9 on rheumatoid arthritis by induction of apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts (2007)

Gal-9-induced apoptosis of hyperproliferative RA FLS may play a critical role in the suppression of RA.
A Cellular Automaton Model for Tumor Dormancy: Emergence of a Proliferative Switch (2014)

Malignant cancers that lead to fatal outcomes for patients may remain dormant for very long periods of time. Although individual mechanisms such as cellular dormancy, angiogenic dormancy and immunosurveillance have been proposed, a comprehensive understanding of cancer dormancy and the "switch" from a dormant to a proliferative state still needs to be strengthened from both a basic and clinical point of view. Computational modeling enables one to explore a variety of scenarios for possible but realistic microscopic dormancy mechanisms and their predicted outcomes. The aim of this paper is to devise such a predictive computational model of dormancy with an emergent "switch" behavior. Specifically, we generalize a previous cellular automaton (CA) model for proliferative growth of solid tumor that now incorporates a variety of cell-level tumor-host interactions and different mechanisms for tumor dormancy, for example the effects of the immune system. Our new CA rules induce a natural "competition" between the tumor and tumor suppression factors in the microenvironment. This competition either results in a "stalemate" for a period of time in which the tumor either eventually wins (spontaneously emerges) or is eradicated; or it leads to a situation in which the tumor is eradicated before such a "stalemate" could ever develop. We also predict that if the number of actively dividing cells within the proliferative rim of the tumor reaches a critical, yet low level, the dormant tumor has a high probability to resume rapid growth. Our findings may shed light on the fundamental understanding of cancer dormancy.
Plasma IL-10 Levels to Guide Antiviral Prophylaxis Prevention of Late-Onset Cytomegalovirus Disease, in High Risk Solid Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients (2015)

The exact role of IL-10 with its multiple immunoregulatory effects during CMV infection is not clear. Moreover, IL-10 production can be influenced by pathological and infectious contexts, and/or anti-rejection immunosuppressant therapy. Despite mechanisms of IL-10 dysregulation may substantially differ among SOT patients, our findings suggest that measurable plasma IL-10 soon after prophylaxis discontinuation may be an adequate indicator of subsequent CMV-dz. If a similar prognostic performance is confirmed in a larger D/R cohort, IL-10 plasma levels could be used to guide the length of prophylaxis, providing a clinically useful means to reduce the incidence of CMV-dz in high risk patients.
Simulation-based Optimisation of LCC-HVDC Controller Parameters using Surrogate Model Solvers (2019)

This paper proposes the use of surrogate model optimisation methods to solve box constrained LCC-HVDC controller tuning problems. The tuning problem is the selection of the proportional-integral controller gains and voltage-dependant current order limiter parameters of an LCC-HVDC link subject to two operational scenarios and a set of large-signal disturbances. The solvers using recently proposed surrogate model methods performed either similarly to or significantly better than solvers using mature methods of the types found in PSCAD/EMTDC, thus confirming the suitability of these surrogate model solvers for simulation-based optimisation of LCC-HVDC controllers.
Basic Properties of Ceramic Pr:LuAG Scintillators (2009)

This paper describes the first report of a Pr <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> -doped transparent ceramic Lu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> (Pr:LuAG) scintillator. Transparent ceramic Pr0.25 mol% doped LuAG was developed by a sintering method, and achieved 70% transparency at wavelengths longer than 310 nm. The emission wavelength of the ceramic Pr:LuAG shifts to longer wavelengths than that of its single crystalline counterpart. The light yield was measured by irradiation of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">137</sup> Cs, and was almost half as that of the single crystalline counterpart. The energy resolution at 662 keV was 12% which was about three times as worse as that of the single crystalline one. The decay time showed a big difference with the single crystalline one because its slower component disappeared due to defects.
AT&T's electronic mail service for government users-FTS2000MAIL (2003)

AT&T's Federal Telecommunications Service 2000 (FTS2000) is a unified digital integrated voice-data-video network. FTS2000MAIL is a store-and-forward messaging service offered to users through the General Services Administration (GSA) as a part of the packet-switched service (PSS). It has a rich, user-friendly feature set and is highly reliable. The provisioning, network management, and billing systems are customized for FTS2OOO users. The service architecture, the service features, and the service management are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Penetration of enrofloxacin into the nasal secretions and relationship between nasal secretions and plasma enrofloxacin concentrations after intramuscular administration in healthy pigs (2009)

The pharmacokinetic behaviour of enrofloxacin (ENRO) in plasma and nasal secretions of healthy pigs was investigated, after a single-dose intramuscular administration of 2.5 mg/kg body weight of the drug. Blood samples and nasal secretions were collected at predetermined times after drug administration. Concentrations of ENRO and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) were determined in plasma and nasal secretions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). CIPRO was not detected probably because we investigated young weaned pigs. The data collected in 12 pigs for ENRO were subjected to noncompartmental analysis. In plasma, the maximum concentration of drug (C(max)), the time at which this maximum concentration of drug (T(max)) was reached, the elimination half-life (t(1/2)(beta)) and the area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC) were, respectively, 694.7 ng/mL, 1.0 h, 9.3 h and 8903.2 ngxh/mL. In nasal secretions, C(max), T(max), t(1/2)(beta) and AUC were, respectively, 871.4 ng/mL, 2.0 h, 12.5 h and 11 198.5 ngxh/mL. In a second experiment conducted in 10 piglets, the relationship between concentrations of ENRO measured in the plasma and the nasal secretions has been determined following single-dose intramuscular administration of 2.5, 10 or 20 mg/kg body weight of the drug. It has been demonstrated that, among several variables, i.e., (1) the dose administered, (2) the time between intramuscular injection and blood sampling, (3) the age, (4) the sex, (5) the animal body weight and (6) the plasma concentration of the drug, only the latter influenced significantly the ENRO concentration in nasal secretions. Practically, using a generalized linear mixed model, ENRO concentrations in the nasal secretions (microg/mL) can be predicted taking into account the ENRO concentrations in plasma (microg/mL), according to the following equation:
Genetic circuit characterization and debugging using RNA ‐seq (2017)

Genetic circuits implement computational operations within a cell. Debugging them is difficult because their function is defined by multiple states (e.g., combinations of inputs) that vary in time. Here, we develop RNA-seq methods that enable the simultaneous measurement of: (i) the states of internal gates, (ii) part performance (promoters, insulators, terminators), and (iii) impact on host gene expression. This is applied to a three-input one-output circuit consisting of three sensors, five NOR/NOT gates, and 46 genetic parts. Transcription profiles are obtained for all eight combinations of inputs, from which biophysical models can extract part activities and the response functions of sensors and gates. Various unexpected failure modes are identified, including cryptic antisense promoters, terminator failure, and a sensor malfunction due to media-induced changes in host gene expression. This can guide the selection of new parts to fix these problems, which we demonstrate by using a bidirectional terminator to disrupt observed antisense transcription. This work introduces RNA-seq as a powerful method for circuit characterization and debugging that overcomes the limitations of fluorescent reporters and scales to large systems composed of many parts.
The Holobiont/Hologenome Concept Series (2016)

The views expressed in this Editorial do not necessarily reflect the views of this journal or of ASM. 

Over the past 2 years, we have made a concerted effort to …
Single-stranded RNA Recognition by the Bacteriophage T4 Translational Repressor, RegA (1997)

The T4 protein, RegA, is a translational repressor that blocks ribosome binding to multiple T4 messages by interacting with the mRNAs near their respective AUG start codons. Other than the AUG, there are no obvious similarities between the affected mRNAs. High affinity RNA ligands to RegA were isolated using SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). The selected RNAs exhibited the consensus sequence 5'-AAAAUUGUUAUGUAA-3'. The AUG was invariant, suggesting that it is the primary effector of binding specificity. The UU immediately 5' to the AUG and the upstream poly(A) tract were highly conserved among the selected RNAs. Boundary and footprinting experiments are consistent with the consensus sequence defining the RegA-binding site. Interestingly, chemical modification and nuclease digestion data indicate that the RNA-binding site is single-stranded, as if RegA discriminates between targets based on their primary sequence, not their secondary structure. Minor variations from the consensus at positions other than the universally conserved AUG have little effect on RegA binding, but accumulation of mutations has a profound effect on the interaction. Comparison of the in vivo targets for RegA to the SELEX-generated consensus suggests a repression pattern whereby the translation of individual messages is sequentially halted until the least similarly affected message, the regA gene itself, is repressed.
Excess cholesterol induces mouse egg activation and may cause female infertility (2014)

The HDL receptor scavenger receptor, class B type I (SR-BI) controls the structure and fate of plasma HDL. Female SR-BI KO mice are infertile, apparently because of their abnormal cholesterol-enriched HDL particles. We examined the growth and meiotic progression of SR-BI KO oocytes and found that they underwent normal germinal vesicle breakdown; however, SR-BI KO eggs, which had accumulated excess cholesterol in vivo, spontaneously activated, and they escaped metaphase II (MII) arrest and progressed to pronuclear, MIII, and anaphase/telophase III stages. Eggs from fertile WT mice were activated when loaded in vitro with excess cholesterol by a cholesterol/methyl-β-cyclodextrin complex, phenocopying SR-BI KO oocytes. In vitro cholesterol loading of eggs induced reduction in maturation promoting factor and MAPK activities, elevation of intracellular calcium, extrusion of a second polar body, and progression to meiotic stages beyond MII. These results suggest that the infertility of SR-BI KO females is caused, at least in part, by excess cholesterol in eggs inducing premature activation and that cholesterol can activate WT mouse eggs to escape from MII arrest. Analysis of SR-BI KO female infertility raises the possibility that abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism might underlie some cases of human female infertility of unknown etiology.
A W-Band Photoconductive Evanescent-Mode Waveguide Switch (2022)

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of a W-band photoconductive evanescent-mode waveguide shunt switch using bulk silicon micromachining. The switching element is formed by a photogenerated plasma within a silicon post located inside an evanescent-mode region of a waveguide channel. Two silicon posts are coupled within the evanescent-mode region for an inline bandpass filter architecture, enabling low insertion loss in the switches ON-state, and large signal isolation versus applied optical power in the OFF-state. Two prototypes are fabricated and measured, the first demonstrating low ON-state insertion loss of 0.47 dB at 82.3 GHz, and the second demonstrating OFF-state isolation greater than 48 dB up to 100 GHz. The proposed design has significant potential for integrated high power millimeter-wave switching for wireless backhaul in future 5G and 6G communication networks.
ChemInform Abstract: Poststatin, a New Inhibitor of Prolyl Endopeptidase. Part 5. Endopeptidase Inhibitory Activity of Poststatin Analogues. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Wide-band lightwave distribution system using subcarrier multiplexing (1989)

A description is given of a bidirectional lightwave distribution system based on subcarrier multiplexing. Eight independent wideband channels (180 Mb/s/channel) are transmitted from the head-end on one 1.3- mu m wavelength laser as frequency-shift-keyed (FSK) subcarriers, between 2.6 and 4.7 GHz. Each receiving node uses a parallel-resonant p-i-n FET receiver, a microwave bandpass filter and a limiter-discriminator demodulator to select and demodulate the appropriate channel. A 45-Mb/s return channel is provided from each node to the head-end on a separate subcarrier frequency. Error-free bidirectional transmission is obtained without penalties from laser nonlinearities, optical reflections or interference, or interchannel interference from closely spaced subcarrier channels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Host cell responses induced by hepatitis C virus binding† (2006)

Initiation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is mediated by docking of the viral envelope to the hepatocyte cell surface membrane followed by entry of the virus into the host cell. Aiming to elucidate the impact of this interaction on host cell biology, we performed a genomic analysis of the host cell response following binding of HCV to cell surface proteins. As ligands for HCV-host cell surface interaction, we used recombinant envelope glycoproteins and HCV-like particles (HCV-LPs) recently shown to bind or enter hepatocytes and human hepatoma cells. Gene expression profiling of HepG2 hepatoma cells following binding of E1/E2, HCV-LPs, and liver tissue samples from HCV-infected individuals was performed using a 7.5-kd human cDNA microarray. Cellular binding of HCV-LPs to hepatoma cells resulted in differential expression of 565 out of 7,419 host cell genes. Examination of transcriptional changes revealed a broad and complex transcriptional program induced by ligand binding to target cells. Expression of several genes important for innate immune responses and lipid metabolism was significantly modulated by ligand-cell surface interaction. To assess the functional relevance and biological significance of these findings for viral infection in vivo, transcriptional changes were compared with gene expression profiles in liver tissue samples from HCV-infected patients or controls. Side-by-side analysis revealed that the expression of 27 genes was similarly altered following HCV-LP binding in hepatoma cells and viral infection in vivo. In conclusion, HCV binding results in a cascade of intracellular signals modulating target gene expression and contributing to host cell responses in vivo. Reprogramming of cellular gene expression induced by HCV-cell surface interaction may be part of the viral strategy to condition viral entry and replication and escape from innate host cell responses.
A Comparison of Social Robot to Tablet and Teacher in a New Script Learning Context (2020)

This research occurred in a special context where Kazakhstan's recent decision to switch from Cyrillic to the Latin-based alphabet has resulted in challenges connected to teaching literacy, addressing a rare combination of research hypotheses and technical objectives about language learning. Teachers are not necessarily trained to teach the new alphabet, and this could result in a challenge for children with learning difficulties. Prior research studies in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) have proposed the use of a robot to teach handwriting to children (Hood et al., 2015; Lemaignan et al., 2016). Drawing on the Kazakhstani case, our study takes an interdisciplinary approach by bringing together smart solutions from robotics, computer vision areas, and educational frameworks, language, and cognitive studies that will benefit diverse groups of stakeholders. In this study, a human-robot interaction application is designed to help primary school children learn both a newly-adopted script and also its handwriting system. The setup involved an experiment with 62 children between the ages of 7-9 years old, across three conditions: a robot and a tablet, a tablet only, and a teacher. Based on the paradigm-learning by teaching-the study showed that children improved their knowledge of the Latin script by interacting with a robot. Findings reported that children gained similar knowledge of a new script in all three conditions without gender effect. In addition, children's likeability ratings and positive mood change scores demonstrate significant benefits favoring the robot over a traditional teacher and tablet only approaches.
Effect of Seed Age on Gold Nanorod Formation: A Microfluidic, Real-Time Investigation (2015)

Abstract not provided.
A Control Method of Ultrasonic Actuator-Driven Precision Stages Based on Stick-Slip Compensation and Continuous-Path Tracking (2005)

This paper presents a friction model-based control of an ultra-precision stage that is equipped with the non-resonant ultrasonic actuator (SPIDER). The SPIDER is expected as an actuator suitable for stages for semiconductor manufacturing with the electron beam which is light source in next generation.At first, the friction characteristics as a function of stage position are experimentally identified. Next, measuring the time variation of the static friction characteristics, the on-line identification method for the control system is proposed. And then, a friction model-based compensation for the PI control system is discussed. In addition to the PI control system, the continuous-path tracking control system with the compensation is designed. Finally, the model-based control method is verified through the positioning experiments.
Energy Savings in Desalination Technologies: Reducing Entropy Generation by Transport Processes (2019)

© 2019 by ASME. Desalination systems can be conceptualized as power cycles in which the useful work output is the work of separation of fresh water from saline water. In this framing, thermodynamic analysis provides powerful tools for raising energy efficiency. This paper discusses the use of entropy generation minimization for a spectrum of desalination technologies, including those based on reverse osmosis (RO), humidification-dehumidification (HDH), membrane distillation (MD), electrodialysis (ED), and forward osmosis (FO). Heat and mass transfer are the primary causes of entropy production in these systems. The energy efficiency of desalination is shown to be maximized when entropy generation is minimized. Equipartitioning of entropy generation is considered and applied. The mechanisms of entropy generation are characterized, including the identification of major causes of irreversibility. Methods to limit discarded exergy are also identified. Prospects and technology development needs for further improvement are mentioned briefly.
89Zr-Trastuzumab PET/CT for Prediction of Response to HER2-targeted therapy in Patients with HER2 Mutant Lung Cancer: An Exploratory Phase 2 Trial (2019)

144 Objectives: Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is a HER2 targeted antibody drug conjugate (ADC) that has demonstrated clinical activity in patients with HER2 mutant lung cancers. We hypothesized that the degree of uptake of 89Zr-trastuzumab, a HER2-targeting PET radio-antibody, may serve as a predictor of response to T-DM1. Methods: Patients with metastatic HER2 mutant or amplified cancers were enrolled in a phase 2 trial testing the antitumor activity of T-DM1. Before treatment, an expansion cohort of patients with HER2 mutant lung cancers underwent 89Zr-trastuzumab PET/CT for quantitation of HER2-expression in tumors, as well as FDG PET/CT for baseline RECIST and PERCIST measurements. Patients were treated with T-DM1 at 3.6mg/kg IV every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) using PERCIST. Results: A total of 112 patients with HER2 mutant or amplified cancers were enrolled in the trial. The expansion cohort including 89Zr-trastuzumab PET/CT enrolled 12 patients with HER2 mutant lung cancers. ORR in the expansion cohort was 7 of 12 (58%) by PERCIST. Pre-treatment 89Zr-trastuzumab PET/CT demonstrated 89Zr-trastuzumab-avid lesions in 4 patients, and all 4 patients (100%) subsequently responded to T-DM1 treatment. Pre-treatment 89Zr-trastuzumab showed no uptake above mediastinal background in 8 patients, and only 3 of these 8 (37%) responded to TDM1 treatment. Conclusion: This study confirmed the efficacy of T-DM1 in patients with HER2 mutant lung cancers. HER2-targeted imaging with 89Zr-trastuzumab PET/CT may predict response to T-DM1. This pilot expansion cohort is an example of how HER2-targeted PET imaging may help select anti-HER2 therapies in individual patients, a paradigm that could be applicable to a wide range of malignancies with HER2 aberrations. Research support: Conquer Cancer Foundation, Lowenstein Research Fund, Genentech, the Geoffrey Beene Cancer Center at MSKCC and the Comprehensive Cancer Center Core Grant (NIH P30 CA008748).
Distributed‐feedback color center lasers in wide‐band gap materials fabricated by a pair of chirped femtosecond pulses (2005)

A room-temperature-operated, pulsed distributed-feedback (DFB) LiF:F2 color center laser was achieved. A distributed-feedback structure, based on non-erasable periodic gratings of laser-active color centers with fringe spacings as fine as ∼510 nm, was fabricated by a pair of chirped near-IR femtosecond laser pulses. The DFB LiF:F2 laser outputs at 710 nm were obtained with a linewidth of less than ∼1 nm, the slope efficiency ∼10% and beam divergence ∼20 mrad. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)