gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin Ag Transparent Conducting Electrode Structure for Next-Generation Optoelectronic Applications (2020)

In this study, we report an Ag-based multilayer structure as the bottom transparent conducting electrode (Ag-TCE) by sandwiching an ultrathin Ag film between commonly used organic hole injection layers for organic light-emitting diode (OLED) applications. This electrode structure fabricated using the same inline fabrication system as organic materials exhibited excellent electrical and optical properties. Ag-TCE showed a high transmittance and low sheet resistance of 79.2% and 17.6 Ω/□, respectively, for the ultrathin Ag layer (9 nm). The phosphorescent yellow OLED fabricated with optimized Ag-TCE showed a driving voltage of 4.0 V, an external quantum efficiency of 23.8%, and a current efficiency of 73.2 cd/A. The electroluminescence performance of Ag-TCE OLED is almost similar to the commonly used ITO electrode (25% and 73.2 cd/A). Based on these results, we demonstrate that this electrode structure is a promising alternative to the ITO electrode.
High-definition and multispectral capturing for digital archiving of large 3D woven cultural artifacts (2012)

This paper describes a 3D measurement system with wheel-rail, a capturing system with multi-band camera, and a 3D modeling of large woven cultural artifacts, and show a high-resolution 3D model with multi-band image.
Systemic bile acid sensing by G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) promotes PYY and GLP‐1 release (2013)

Selective GPBAR1 activation elicits a strong secretagogue effect on L-cells, which primarily requires systemic exposure. We suggest that GPBAR1 is a key player in the intestinal proximal-distal loop that mediates the early phase of nutrient-evoked L-cell secretion effects.
Emodin Regulates Glucose Utilization by Activating AMP-activated Protein Kinase* (2013)

AMP-activated protein kinase has been described as a key signaling protein that can regulate energy homeostasis. Here, we aimed to characterize novel AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)-activating compounds that have a much lower effective concentration than metformin. As a result, emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative, was shown to stimulate AMPK activity in skeletal muscle and liver cells. Emodin enhanced GLUT4 translocation and [(14)C]glucose uptake into the myotube in an AMPK-dependent manner. Also, emodin inhibited glucose production by suppressing the expression of key gluconeogenic genes, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase, in hepatocytes. Furthermore, we found that emodin can activate AMPK by inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory complex I activity, leading to increased reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase activity. Finally, we confirmed that a single dose administration of emodin significantly decreased the fasting plasma glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance in C57Bl/6J mice. Increased insulin sensitivity was also confirmed after daily injection of emodin for 8 days using an insulin tolerance test and insulin-stimulated PI3K phosphorylation in wild type and high fat diet-induced diabetic mouse models. Our study suggests that emodin regulates glucose homeostasis in vivo by AMPK activation and that this may represent a novel therapeutic principle in the treatment of type 2 diabetic models.
Risk Sensitive Investment Management with Affine Processes: a Viscosity\n Approach (2010)

In this paper, we extend the jump-diffusion model proposed by Davis and Lleo\nto include jumps in asset prices as well as valuation factors. The criterion,\nfollowing earlier work by Bielecki, Pliska, Nagai and others, is risk-sensitive\noptimization (equivalent to maximizing the expected growth rate subject to a\nconstraint on variance.) In this setting, the Hamilton- Jacobi-Bellman equation\nis a partial integro-differential PDE. The main result of the paper is to show\nthat the value function of the control problem is the unique viscosity solution\nof the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation.\n
Impact of three-dimensional architectures on interconnects in gigascale integration (2001)

An interconnect distribution model for homogeneous, three-dimensional (3-D) architectures with variable separation of strata is presented. Three-dimensional architectures offer an opportunity to reduce the length of the longest interconnects. The separation of strata has little impact on the length of interconnects but a large impact on the number of interstratal interconnects. Using a multilevel interconnect methodology for an ITRS 2005 100 nm ASIC, a two-strata architecture offers a 3.9/spl times/ increase in wire-limited clock frequency, an 84% decrease in wire-limited area or a 25% decrease in the number of metal levels required. In practice, however, such fabrication advances as improved alignment tolerances in wafer-bonding techniques are needed to gain key advantages stemming from 3-D architectures for homogeneous gigascale integrated circuits.
Novel metabolic role for BDNF in pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion (2020)

BDNF signaling in hypothalamic circuitries regulates mammalian food intake. However, whether BDNF exerts metabolic effects on peripheral organs is currently unknown. Here, we show that the BDNF receptor TrkB.T1 is expressed by pancreatic β-cells where it regulates insulin release. Mice lacking TrkB.T1 show impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. β-cell BDNF-TrkB.T1 signaling triggers calcium release from intracellular stores, increasing glucose-induced insulin secretion. Additionally, BDNF is secreted by skeletal muscle and muscle-specific BDNF knockout phenocopies the β-cell TrkB.T1 deletion metabolic impairments. The finding that BDNF is also secreted by differentiated human muscle cells and induces insulin secretion in human islets via TrkB.T1 identifies a new regulatory function of BDNF on metabolism that is independent of CNS activity. Our data suggest that muscle-derived BDNF may be a key factor mediating increased glucose metabolism in response to exercise, with implications for the treatment of diabetes and related metabolic diseases.
Metabolomic Profiling of Serum for Large Cohort Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis (2021)

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 90 % of oral cancers. If a necessary intervention before tumorigenesis could be conducted, the current 60% 5-year survival rate would be expected to be majorly improved. This fact motivates the search for developing a highly sensitive and specific in vitro diagnostic method to conduct rapid OSCC screening. Method: Serum samples from 819 volunteers, consisted of 241 healthy contrast (HC) and 578 OSCC patients, were collected, and their metabolic profiles were acquired using conductive polymer spray ionization mass spectrometry (CPSI-MS). Univariate analysis was used to select significantly changed metabolite ions in the OSCC group compared to the HC group. Identities of these metabolite ions were determined by MS/MS experiments and reconfirmed at the tissue level by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS). The supporting vector machine (SVM) algorithm was employed as the machine learning model to implement the automatic prediction of OSCC. Results: Through statistical analysis, 65 metabolites were selected as potential characteristic marker candidates for serum OSCC screening. In situ validation by DESI-MSI revealed that 8 out of top 10 metabolites showed the same trends of change in tissue and serum. With the aid of machine learning, OSCC can be distinguished from HC with an accuracy of 98.0 % by cross-validation in the discovery cohort and 89.2% accuracy in the validation cohort. Furthermore, orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) also showed the potential for recognizing OSCC stages. Conclusion: Using CPSI-MS combined with SVM, it is possible to distinguish OSCC from HC in a few minutes with high specificity and sensitivity, making this rapid diagnostic procedure a promising approach for high-risk population screening.
Data from Human Cancers Express TRAILshort, a Dominant Negative TRAIL Splice Variant, Which Impairs Immune Effector Cell Killing of Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression by immune cells contributes to antitumor immunity. A naturally occurring splice variant of TRAIL, called TRAILshort, antagonizes TRAIL-dependent cell killing. It is unknown whether tumor cells express TRAILshort and if it impacts antitumor immunity.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We used an unbiased informatics approach to identify TRAILshort expression in primary human cancers, and validated those results with IHC and ISH. TRAILshort-specific mAbs were used to determine the effect of TRAILshort on tumor cell sensitivity to TRAIL, and to immune effector cell dependent killing of autologous primary tumors.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;As many as 40% of primary human tumors express TRAILshort by both RNA sequencing and IHC analysis. By ISH, TRAILshort expression is present in tumor cells and not bystander cells. TRAILshort inhibition enhances cancer cell lines sensitivity to TRAIL-dependent killing both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in immunodeficient xenograft mouse models. Immune effector cells isolated from patients with B-cell malignancies killed more autologous tumor cells in the presence compared with the absence of TRAILshort antibody (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These results identify TRAILshort in primary human malignancies, and suggest that TRAILshort blockade can augment the effector function of autologous immune effector cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by de Miguel and Pardo, p. 5546&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Optimizing Gas Lift Operations Using Disintegrable Gas Lift Valve Plugs (2014)

Abstract Artificial lift encompasses approximately 96% of the US oil well market. Of the wells that use artificial lift, 10% use gas lift for production. As gas is injected into the well, the viscosity of the fluid and pressure is reduced, promoting flow to the surface. In typical gas lift valve systems, dummy valves are installed in side-pocket mandrels to isolate the annulus from the tubing where pressurization is required to test the tubing, test the annulus, set a hydraulic packer, or activate an isolation device. Then intervention would be required to remove the dummy valves and install a live gas lift system. This can be a time-consuming process and can pose risks to existing infrastructure while hindering production time. This paper presents a newly developed nano-engineered disintegrable composite (DNEC) and its use in gas lift valves. The DNEC gives gas lift valves the flexibility to be installed as dummy valves, but switching to a live valve without intervention. The switch from a dummy valve to a live valve occurs through an in-situ disintegration of the DNEC plug. This eliminates multiple intervention trips and enables immediate production of these wells under optimized gas lift conditions. The nano-engineered composite plug is lighter than aluminum, but as strong as some mild steel. The DNEC plug has pressure rating of 5,000 psi and will disintegrate in brine during the cleanup process, within 12 to 50 hours, making it an ideal tool for offshore gas lift valve applications. To date, more than 1,000 gas lift valves equipped with DNEC plugs have been successfully installed. The nanostructured composite material, the valve design, the lab test data and a successful case history will be presented.
Three‐dimensional power Doppler sonography in screening for carotid artery disease (2000)

Purpose Color Doppler sonography has gained considerable recognition as a noninvasive method to detect carotid artery disease and to assess the degree of carotid artery stenosis. However, results are highly operator-dependent and cannot be presented as survey images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate real-time 3-dimensional (3D) power Doppler sonography as a method for screening for atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries. Methods We prospectively screened 75 patients for carotid artery disease using both conventional color Doppler sonography and 3D power Doppler sonography, and the results from the 2 modalities were compared. A total of 150 common carotid arteries, 150 internal carotid arteries, and 150 external carotid arteries were examined utilizing a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer combined with tissue harmonic imaging. Results Color Doppler sonography detected 297 normal or atherosclerotic arteries without stenosis, 57 arteries with mild (1–49%) stenosis, 41 with moderate (50–69%) stenosis, 32 with severe (70–99%) stenosis, and 9 with occlusions. The degree of stenosis determined by color Doppler sonography correlated with that determined by 3D power Doppler sonography (r = 0.982–0.998). Moreover, there was a good correlation between the measurements for both the length of the lesion and its distance from the bulb as determined by the 3D volume surveys and by color Doppler sonography (r = 0.986). The interobserver variability rate was 3.7% ± 0.5%. Generally, the acquisition and reconstruction of the 3D data took less than 5 minutes. Conclusions 3D power Doppler sonography is easy to perform and is an accurate method in screening for atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries. Moreover, it provides excellent 3D volume surveys that may be helpful in the planning of surgical treatment. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 28:441–451, 2000.
Flexible low-voltage organic thin-film transistors and circuits based on C10-DNTT (2011)

Using the recently developed organic semiconductor, 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (C10-DNTT), we have fabricated organic thin-film transistors and ring oscillators on flexible polymeric substrates. By utilizing a gate dielectric with a small thickness (5.3 nm) and a large capacitance (800 nF cm−2), the transistors can be operated with relatively low voltages of about 2 to 3 V. To improve the charge exchange between the organic semiconductor and the gold source and drain contacts, a thin layer of a non-alkylated organic semiconductor (DNTT) sandwiched between two thin layers of a strong organic dopant (NDP-9) was inserted between the C10-DNTT and the gold contacts. The optimized transistors have a field-effect mobility of 4.3 cm2 V−1 s−1, an on/off current ratio of 108, and a subthreshold swing of 68 mV per decade. The ring oscillators have a signal propagation delay of 5 μs per stage at a supply voltage of 3 V, making these the fastest organic circuits at supply voltages below 7 V reported to date.
Antiviral and lung protective activity of a novel respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor in a mouse model (2010)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes bronchiolitis in young children and common colds in adults. There is no licensed vaccine, and prophylactic treatment with palivizumab is very expensive and limited to high-risk infants. Ribavirin is used as an antiviral treatment in infants and immunosuppressed patients, and its use is limited due to side-effects, toxicity to the recipient and staff, and evidence of marginal clinical efficacy. Therefore, we studied the in vivo kinetics, and the antiviral and protective properties of a novel candidate for RSV disease treatment. The drug is a small molecule (TMC353121) discovered by screening for fusion inhibitory properties against RSV in a cellular infection model. The pharmacokinetics of TMC353121 was studied in BALB/c mice and antiviral effects determined by testing viral loads in lung tissue by quantitative RT-PCR and plaque assay after intranasal RSV infection. At doses of 0.25-10 mg · kg(-1), TMC353121 significantly reduced viral load, bronchoalveolar lavage cell accumulation and the severity of lung histopathological change after infection. Treatment remained effective if started within 48 h of infection, but was ineffective thereafter. Therefore, TMC353121 is a novel potent antiviral drug, in vivo reducing RSV replication and inhibiting consequential lung inflammation, with a great potential for further clinical development.
Folding of group I introns from bacteriophage T4 involves internalization of the catalytic core. (1991)

Fe(II)-EDTA, a solvent-based cleavage reagent that distinguishes between the inside and outside surfaces of a folded RNA molecule, has revealed some of the higher-order folding of the group IB intron from Tetrahymena thermophila pre-rRNA. This reagent has now been used to analyze the bacteriophage T4 sunY and td introns, both of which are members of the group IA subclass. Significant portions of the phylogenetically conserved secondary structure are protected from Fe(II)-EDTA cleavage. However, the P4 secondary structure element, which is substantially protected in the Tetrahymena intron, is available for cleavage in the two T4 introns. We conclude that a family of catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) that possess similar secondary structures and have similar activities fold into similar but nonidentical tertiary structures that nevertheless serve to internalize portions of the catalytic center. Furthermore, comparison of cleavage patterns of the sunY and td intron RNAs indicates that conserved nucleotides outside as well as within the catalytic core participate in the tertiary structure.
Macrosteatotic and nonmacrosteatotic grafts respond differently to intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion: Comparison of recipient survival (2015)

Intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion (IHIO) during liver graft procurement is known to confer protection against graft ischemia/reperfusion injury and thus may benefit the recipient's outcome. We evaluated whether the protective effect of IHIO differs with the presence of macrosteatosis (MaS) and with an increase or decrease in the cumulative occlusion time. The subgroup of 188 recipients who received grafts with MaS was divided into 3 groups according to the number of total IHIO rounds during graft procurement: no IHIO, n = 70; 1 to 2 rounds of IHIO, n = 50; and ≥3 rounds of IHIO, n = 68. Likewise, the subgroup of 200 recipients who received grafts without MaS was divided into 3 groups: no IHIO, n = 108; 1 to 2 rounds of IHIO, n = 40; and ≥3 rounds of IHIO, n = 52. The Cox model was applied to evaluate the association between the number of total IHIO rounds and recipient survival separately in the subgroup of MaS recipients and the subgroup of non-MaS recipients. Analyzed covariables included the etiology, Milan criteria, transfusion, immunosuppression, and others. In the subgroup of MaS recipients, 1 to 2 rounds of IHIO were favorably associated with recipient survival [hazard ratio (HR), 0.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.10-0.80; P = 0.03 after Bonferroni correction], whereas ≥3 rounds of IHIO were not associated with recipient survival (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.25-1.23). In the subgroup of non-MaS recipients, neither 1 to 2 rounds of IHIO (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.30-1.61) nor ≥3 rounds of IHIO (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.42-1.96) were associated with recipient survival. In conclusion, 1 to 2 rounds of IHIO may be used for the procurement of MaS grafts with potential benefit for recipient survival, whereas IHIO has a limited impact on recipient survival regardless of the cumulative occlusion time when it is used for non-MaS grafts.
Computational super-resolution imaging with multimode fiber using optimized illuminations (2022)

Imaging through a multimode fiber (MMF) with a spatial-resolution beyond the diffraction limit has recently been demonstrated using computational super-resolution methods. We performed a modelling study to assess the performance of a compressed image reconstruction algorithm, Basis Pursuit, using different illuminations. In addition to the increased speed due to the reduced number of measurements, we characterized other potential benefits with respect to robustness to noise and resilience to fiber bending when using compressed imaging with optimized illuminations.
Design, Analysis, and Control of a Hybrid Field-Controlled Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Motor (2009)

This paper presents the design, analysis, control, and experimental evaluation of an innovative field-controlled axial-flux surface-mounted permanent-magnet machine. Topology and design equations, as well as an optimized design study, are attained. The machine is investigated in detail using finite-element analysis, and a prototype machine is built. In order to evaluate the new axial flux machine topology, an experimental system setup is devised and discussed. The experimental results of the prototype machine and a comparison between the analysis and test results are also presented.
New Synthesis Of Poly(1,3,4-Oxadiazoles) (1992)

Synthesis via aromatic nucleophilic displacement yields new high-molecular-weight polymers. Polymers exhibited good mechanical and thermal properties. Synthetic route provided high-molecular-weight POX of new chemical structure, potentially more economical. Availability of large variety of activated aromatic dihalides, facilitates variation of chemical structures. Exhibit properties making them useful as films. Also useful in coatings, adhesives, moldings, and composites.
A Population-based Threshold Model Describing the Relationship Between Germination Rates and Seed Deterioration (1993)

Journal Article A Population-based Threshold Model Describing the Relationship Between Germination Rates and Seed Deterioration Get access KENT J. BRADFORD, KENT J. BRADFORD 3 1Department of Vegetable Crops, University of CaliforniaDavis, California 95616–8631, USA 3 To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ANA M. TARQUIS, ANA M. TARQUIS 2E.T.S. Ing. Agrόnomos, Universidad Politécnica de MadridCiudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOSÉ M. DURÁN JOSÉ M. DURÁN 2E.T.S. Ing. Agrόnomos, Universidad Politécnica de MadridCiudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 44, Issue 7, July 1993, Pages 1225–1234, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/44.7.1225 Published: 01 July 1993 Article history Received: 05 March 1993 Accepted: 27 April 1993 Published: 01 July 1993
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrovinylation of Styrenes in Liquid or Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Efficient target tracking with an ad-hoc network of omni-directional sensors (2015)

Ad-hoc networks of omni-directional sensors provide an efficient means to obtain low-cost, easily deployed, reliable target tracking systems. To remove target position dependency on the target power, a transformation to another coordinate system is introduced. It can be shown that the problem of sensing target position with omni-directional sensors can be adapted to the conventional Kalman filter framework. To validate the proposed methodology, first an analysis is conducted to show that by converting to log-ratio space and at the same time reducing the number of parameters to track, no information about target position is lost. The analysis is done by deriving the CRLBs for the position estimation error in both original and transformed spaces and showing that they are the same. Second, to show how the traditional Kalman filter framework performs, a particle filter that works off the transformed coordinates is designed. The number of particles is selected to be sufficiently large and the result is used as ground truth to compare with the performance of the Kalman tracker. The comparisons are done for different target movement speeds and sensor density modes. The results provide an insight into Kalman tracker performance in different situations.