gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiology of “Incisional” Reentrant Atrial Tachycardia Complicating Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease (1997)

Intraatrial reentrant tachycardia, which occurs frequently in patients who have undergone corrective surgery for congenital heart disease, presents a challenge to successful management. Because the surgical repair sites are invariably critical to the development and maintenance of reentrant atrial tachycardia, we use the term "incisional reentry" to describe these arrhythmias. An understanding of the electrophysiology of such "incisional reentry," and techniques to identify a critical isthmus, are essential for successful ablation of these circuits. A critical isthmus may be identified by the presence of entrainment with concealed fusion. Confirmation that the site is critical to the tachycardia circuit is obtained by an analysis of the relationship between the postpacing interval and the tachycardia cycle length. Advances in mapping from multiple simultaneous sites, along with the ability to create larger, deeper lesions will be needed in order to cure a larger number of these patients. Ultimately, in some cases one must consider each procedure palliative rather than curative, as the disease progresses and substrate evolves and more tachycardia circuits become active.
ChemInform Abstract: The Structure of Diphosphine Radical Cations (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Augmentation of the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect with Nitric Oxide–Generating Agents Improves the Therapeutic Effects of Nanomedicines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5 shows change of tumor blood flow by the treatment of each EPR-effect enhancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Junctional Adhesion Molecule-1 Is Upregulated in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2007)

Junctional adhesion molecule-1 (JAM-1) forms part of the tight junction between adjacent endothelial cells. Using microarray technology, we showed previously that JAM-1 was differentially expressed in the brain stem of spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. In this study, we quantified the expression of JAM-1 in the brain stem of spontaneously hypertensive rats and WKY rats and established whether any differential expression was confined to this region of the brain or was ubiquitous throughout the central nervous system and, indeed, the whole body. Because the nucleus tractus solitarii plays a pivotal role in arterial pressure regulation, we assessed whether JAM-1 in this region affects the chronic regulation of arterial pressure. Real time RT-PCR revealed that JAM-1 mRNA was upregulated in multiple regions of the brain and all of the peripheral vascular beds studied. In the nucleus tractus solitarii, the level of JAM-1 mRNA was significantly higher in both young (3-week-old, prehypertensive) and adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats (15 to 18 weeks old) than that of age-matched WKY rats (fold differences; prehypertensives: 1.01+/-0.06 versus 1.59+/-0.13; n=10; P<0.01; adult: 1.08+/-0.14 versus 2.86+/-0.57; n=10; P<0.01). After adenoviral-mediated expression of JAM-1 in the nucleus tractus solitarii of adult WKY rats (15 weeks old; n=6), systolic pressure was increased from 120+/-4 to 132+/-4 mm Hg (P<0.01). Our data suggest that JAM-1 expression in the spontaneously hypertensive rat is upregulated throughout the body compared with the WKY rat and that this is not secondary to the hypertension. When JAM-1 is expressed in the nucleus tractus solitarii, it raises arterial pressure, suggesting a novel prohypertensive role for this protein within the brain stem.
Array-induced Fano resonances make high quality factors possible in plasmonic systems (2014)

We introduce the concept of array-induced Fano resonances in two-dimensional periodic arrays (metasurfaces) of plasmonic nanoparticle clusters as a mean to generate very narrow resonances despite the presence of metallic losses. We find that array-induced Fano resonances have the potential to be narrower than isolated-cluster-induced ones, and may lead to even larger field enhancements. We provide two representative examples: (i) a metasurface made of circular nanoclusters; (ii) a metasurface made of linear trimers. However, in principle the concept here introduced can be empirically extended to any cluster size and configuration. Application of array-induced Fano resonances include the improvement of sensor devices, for example.
Effects of Serine 129 Phosphorylation on α-Synuclein Aggregation, Membrane Association, and Internalization (2015)

Although trace levels of phosphorylated α-synuclein (α-syn) are detectable in normal brains, nearly all α-syn accumulated within Lewy bodies in Parkinson disease brains is phosphorylated on serine 129 (Ser-129). The role of the phosphoserine residue and its effects on α-syn structure, function, and intracellular accumulation are poorly understood. Here, co-expression of α-syn and polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), a kinase that targets Ser-129, was used to generate phosphorylated α-syn for biophysical and biological characterization. Misfolding and fibril formation of phosphorylated α-syn isoforms were detected earlier, although the fibrils remained phosphatase- and protease-sensitive. Membrane binding of α-syn monomers was differentially affected by phosphorylation depending on the Parkinson disease-linked mutation. WT α-syn binding to presynaptic membranes was not affected by phosphorylation, whereas A30P α-syn binding was greatly increased, and A53T α-syn was slightly lower, implicating distal effects of the carboxyl- on amino-terminal membrane binding. Endocytic vesicle-mediated internalization of pre-formed fibrils into non-neuronal cells and dopaminergic neurons matched the efficacy of α-syn membrane binding. Finally, the disruption of internalized vesicle membranes was enhanced by the phosphorylated α-syn isoforms, a potential means for misfolded extracellular or lumenal α-syn to access cytosolic α-syn. Our results suggest that the threshold for vesicle permeabilization is evident even at low levels of α-syn internalization and are relevant to therapeutic strategies to reduce intercellular propagation of α-syn misfolding.
NEIL3-Dependent Regulation of Cardiac Fibroblast Proliferation Prevents Myocardial Rupture (2017)

Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers a reparative response involving fibroblast proliferation and differentiation driving extracellular matrix modulation necessary to form a stabilizing scar. Recently, it was shown that a genetic variant of the base excision repair enzyme NEIL3 was associated with increased risk of MI in humans. Here, we report elevated myocardial NEIL3 expression in heart failure patients and marked myocardial upregulation of Neil3 after MI in mice, especially in a fibroblast-enriched cell fraction. Neil3<sup>-/-</sup> mice show increased mortality after MI caused by myocardial rupture. Genome-wide analysis of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) reveals changes in the cardiac epigenome, including in genes related to the post-MI transcriptional response. Differentially methylated genes are enriched in pathways related to proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation. Accordingly, Neil3<sup>-/-</sup> ruptured hearts show increased proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. We propose that NEIL3-dependent modulation of DNA methylation regulates cardiac fibroblast proliferation and thereby affects extracellular matrix modulation after MI.
Crystallographic Orientations of MgO Films Prepared by Plasma-Enhanced Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (1994)

Thin films of magnesium oxide (MgO) were prepared on glass substrates by plasma-enhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (PE-MOCVD) and the relationship between deposition conditions and crystallographic orientations were studied. Highly crystalline and highly (100)-oriented MgO film was obtained at the vaporizing temperature of 210° C, O 2 flow rate of 200 cm 3 · min -1 , rf power of 400 W and substrate temperature of 400° C. The orientation of MgO films is changed from (100) to (110) upon increasing the vaporizing temperature from 210 to 240° C or upon decreasing the O 2 flow rate from 200 to 50 cm 3 · min -1 . These results indicated that the films deposited at the high arrival ratios of oxygen to magnesium precursor (O/Mg) onto the substrate had a (100) orientation, while those deposited at the low arrival ratios of O/Mg had a (110) orientation. The intrinsic stress of the (100) oriented film was tensile and the magnitude was 0.25 GPa.
Reduction in the Medial Compartment Force Correlates With the Reduction in Knee Adduction Moment Using a Variable-Stiffness Shoe With an Instrumented Knee (2009)

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee affects an estimated 20–40% of individuals over the age of 65 [1], and is nearly 10 times more common in the medial compartment than the lateral compartment [2]. Many studies have reported the effectiveness of footwear modifications using laterally-wedged insoles [3,4] and more recently, variable-stiffness soles [5] in reducing the adduction moment at the knee in patients with medial compartment knee OA. The adduction moment is known to be associated with the progression [6] and treatment outcome [7] of medial compartment knee OA, and has been shown to be correlated with medial compartment joint loading [8]. However, the exact changes in medial compartment joint loading in vivo with the variable-stiffness shoe remain unknown. The development of an instrumented total knee implant which has the ability to directly measure tibial forces, and can differentiate between medial and lateral joint loads in vivo during walking [9], allows the testing of changes in the medial compartment loading with an intervention shoe.
A Java Implementation of an Environment for Hybrid Modeling and Simulation of Physical Systems (1999)

Bond graphs are a powerful formalism for modeling the continuous dynamics of physical systems. To model fast continuous changes as discontinuities, hybrid bond graphs introduce an ideal switching element, the controlledjunction, that may inhibit power transfer by enforcing its common variable to be zero. When bond graph storage components become dependent upon one another because of a discrete state change, their stored value may change discontinuously. Consistent values are computed by conserving the physical state variable (e.g., momentum, mass). One discrete state change may cause a number of further discrete state changes without affecting the state vector. When no further changes occur, the state vector is updated and this again may cause a new sequence of discrete state changes. These consecutive discrete state changes can be classified based on parameter abstraction and time scaleabstraction. HYBRSIM implements the hybrid bond graph modeling paradigm as a Java based modeling and simulation environment.
Tuning the resonance frequencies and mode shapes in a large range multi-degree of freedom micromirror (2017)

The ability to actively shift the primary resonance of a 2D scanning micromirror allows the user to set the scanning direction, set the scanning frequency, and lift otherwise degenerate modes in a symmetrically designed system. In most cases, resonant scanning micromirrors require frequency stability in order to perform imaging and projection functions properly. This paper suggests a method to tune the tip and tilt resonant frequencies in real time while actively suppressing or allowing degeneracy of the two modes in a symmetric electrothermal micromirror. We show resonant frequency tuning with a range of degeneracy separation of 470 Hz or by approximately ±15% and controllable coupling.
Editorial: Role of Iron in Bacterial Pathogenesis (2018)

Iron is the fourth-most abundant element on the earth, and it is needed by most organisms, including bacteria. It exists in two oxidation states, Fe2+ and Fe3+, and is involved in many oxido-reduction reactions (Andrews et al., 2013). Ferric iron (Fe3+) is the dominant form in oxygenated environments and has a very low solubility, which presents a problem for microorganisms with an aerobic lifestyle (Andrews et al., 2013). Conversely, in anaerobic environments or in microaerobic conditions at low pH, the soluble ferrous iron (Fe2+) is the most abundant form (Andrews et al., 2003). Bacterial pathogens face a problem because free iron is not available since it is bound to heme or by circulating proteins such as transferrin or lactoferrin (Finkelstein et al., 1983; Cornelissen and Sparling, 1994). Pathogens use different strategies to obtain iron from the host, via the production of extracellular Fe3+-chelating molecules termed siderophores (either their own or produced by other microorganisms), the uptake of heme, and the uptake of Fe2+ (Feo system) (Andrews et al., 2013). A single pathogen can adapt its iron-uptake strategy in response to the type of infection (acute or chronic) and the availability or lack of ferrous iron (Cornelis and Dingemans, 2013). In this issue, several authors present several facets around iron uptake in different bacterial pathogens. Yersinia pestis produces the yersiniabactin siderophore under aerobic conditions and the Feo Fe2+ uptake system under microaerobic conditions (Fetherston et al., 2012). The feo operon of Y. pestis is peculiar since it is repressed by Fe via the Fur repressor only under microaerobic, but not under aerobic conditions, unless the promotor region is truncated. The other facet of the host-pathogen battle for iron is the host response to the bacterial pathogen. As shown, again for Y. pestis, a live vaccine induces an iron nutritional immunity via the production of hemopexin and transferrin iron-binding proteins.
New efficient reaction media for SET-LRP produced from binary mixtures of organic solvents and H₂O Part A Polymer chemistry (2009)

SET-LRP is mediated by a combination of solvent and ligand that promotes disproportionation of Cu(I)X into Cu(0) and Cu(II)X₂. Therefore, the diversity of solvents suitable for SET-LRP is limited. SET-LRP of MA in a library of solvents with different equilibrium constants for disproportionation of Cu(I)X such as DMSO, DMF, DMAC, EC, PC, EtOH, MeOH, methoxyethanol, NMP, acetone and in their binary mixtures with H₂O was examined. H₂O exhibits the highest equilibrium constant for disproportionation of Cu(I)X. The apparent rate constant of the polymerization exhibits a linear increase with the addition of H₂O. This is consistent with higher equilibrium constants for disproportionation generated by addition of H₂O to organic solvents. Furthermore, with the exception of alcohols and carbonates, the rate constant of polymerization in binary mixtures could be correlated with the Dimroth-Reichardt solvent polarity parameter. This is consistent with the single-electron transfer mechanism proposed for SET-LRP that involves a polar transition state. These experiments demonstrate that the use of binary mixtures of solvents with H₂O provides a new, simple and efficient method for the elaboration of a large diversity of reaction media that are suitable for SET-LRP even when one of the two solvents does not mediate disproportionation of Cu(I)X.
Heat exchange with interband tunneling (2019)

The carrier transport associated with interband tunneling in semiconductors has been investigated extensively both experimentally and theoretically. However, the associated heat exchange from interband tunneling is not discussed in depth. Due to the nanoscale nature of the tunneling phenomenon, people tend to use a “resistor model” to compute the heat generated. We present our analysis of heat exchange in tunneling junctions based on an extended Kane’s model. We observe that the heat exchange is distinct when we apply forward bias, small reverse bias, and large reverse bias. In each of these bias regimes, we demonstrate that the internal temperature distribution of a tunneling junction can deviate from the simplified “resistor model” significantly.
Polymer Electronics, Quo Vadis? (2012)

At the heart of polymer electronics lies more than three decades of research into conjugated polymers. The future of these materials is intimately tied to the development of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices that can compete with traditional, inorganic devices in efficiency and cost. In addition to functioning as light-harvesting materials, polymers, conjugated or not, are increasingly being used at interfaces in thin-film OPV and other electronic devices, reprising the successes of poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS). The push toward more efficient OPV devices is moving chemists to think beyond band-gaps and toward charge, dielectric properties, and new synthetic methods.
Preirradiation Chemotherapy of Supratentorial Malignant Primary Brain Tumors with Intracarotid cis-Platinum (CDDP) and i.v. BCNU (1990)

Thirty patients with histologically verified malignant supratentorial gliomas were treated with a preirradiation chemotherapy protocol consisting of two courses of intracarotid (i.c.) CDDP, 90 mg/m2, followed by i.v. BCNU, 200 mg/m2. Side effects from therapy were mild and self-limiting; no irreversible retinal or neurologic toxicity could be attributed to i.c. chemotherapy. Of the 27 patients who completed the chemotherapy portion of the protocol, tumor size on postchemotherapy computed tomography (CT) was decreased by greater than 50% in 13% as compared to the postoperative CT scan; in only 4% was the CT scan unequivocally increased in size. Twenty-five (83%) patients completed the entire protocol. Median time to tumor progression and survival in patients who completed the protocol was 53 (range of 13-130+) and 61 (range of 29-130+) weeks, respectively. Twenty-four percent of patients still have not demonstrated tumor progression at intervals greater than 1 year after diagnosis as judged by clinical and radiographic criteria. Tumor recurrences were always contiguous to the original tumor bed. We conclude that preirradiation chemotherapy may be administered safely and with low morbidity. Further study to determine an optimal timing between chemotherapy and radiation therapy is warranted.
Stereochemistry of a Macrocyclic Complex. Chelate Ring Conformations and Unusual Isomers (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of a Macrocyclic Complex. Chelate Ring Conformations and Unusual IsomersLarry G. Warner, Norman J. Rose, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 3, 703–704Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00979a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00979a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views456Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
3-dimensional multi-modality non-invasive imaging of the bone marrow engraftment model (2004)

The studies of the stem cell biology and engraftment often have to address the question of the cell homing, migration and localization. We tested feasibility of applying a multi-modality imaging approach for a non-invasive localization of a genetically modified graft. The bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice were transduced using retrovirus bearing hsv-tk/egfp/luc reporter fusion gene, characterized by the GFP expression and the whole bone marrow graft, including up to 38% GFP-positive cells was transfused to the lethally irradiated B6.SJL-Ptprc mice. The preliminary information on the engraftment and location of the cells over a 4 week period from the transplant was obtained by bio-luminescent imaging (BLI) continuously and the 3-dimentinally resolved data on the bone-marrow homing were obtained by a combination of MicroCT and MicroPET using [18F]FEAU as a radiotracer. The data were confirmed morphologically by GFP microscopy of the tissue sections. It was also possible to obtain ex vivo bioluminescence from the excised organs and tissues incubated with D-luciferin in vitro. 3-Dimensional reconstruction and processing of MicroPET and MicroCT images allowed for coregistration of the major foci of bone marrow transplanted cells within the bone marrow homing areas. The primary sites of the transplanted cell targeting were in the epiphyses of the ling bones, spongeous parts of the skull bones and vertebrae. This analysis allowed differentiating the specific signal originating from the lumar spine from a non-specific radiotracer cleared through the gut. There was a transient signal noted in the projection of spleen over the second week post-transplant observed by the BLI. MicroPET images on days 6 and tissue sample analysis confirmed this finding. Slightly decreased radiotracer accumulation discordant to the continuously increasing BLI signal over the time of observation may denote specific changes in susceptibility of the bone marrow cells towards nucleoside-based radiotracer imaging. MicroCT without contrast agent appeared to be poorly applicable for soft-tissue imaging, but crucial for the bone locations. The study proved feasibility of multi-modality approach for obtaining the information on the bone-marrow cell localization to specific organs non-invasively in live recipients over time combining sensitivity and structural specificity of different methods. Multiple imaging sessions with intravenous administration of the probes were well tolerated by the animals.
Modeling susceptibility difference artifacts produced by metallic implants in magnetic resonance imaging with point-based thin-plate spline image registration (2005)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suffers from geometric distortions arising from various sources. One such source are the non-linearities associated with the presence of metallic implants, which can profoundly distort the obtained images. These non-linearities result in pixel shifts and intensity changes in the vicinity of the implant, often precluding any meaningful assessment of the entire image. This paper presents a method for correcting these distortions based on non-rigid image registration techniques. Two images from a modelled three-dimensional (3D) grid phantom were subjected to point-based thin-plate spline registration. The reference image (without distortions) was obtained from a grid model including a spherical implant, and the corresponding test image containing the distortions was obtained using previously reported technique for spatial modelling of magnetic susceptibility artifacts. After identifying the nonrecoverable area in the distorted image, the calculated spline model was able to quantitatively account for the distortions, thus facilitating their compensation. Upon the completion of the compensation procedure, the non-recoverable area was removed from the reference image and the latter was compared to the compensated image. Quantitative assessment of the goodness of the proposed compensation technique is presented.