gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Refining the Human iPSC-Cardiomyocyte Arrhythmic Risk Assessment Model (2013)

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) are capable of detecting drug-induced clinical arrhythmia, Torsade de Pointes (TdP), and QT prolongation. Efforts herein employ a broad set of structurally diverse drugs to optimize the predictive algorithm for applications in discovery toxicology and cardiac safety screening. The changes in the beat rhythm and rate of a confluent monolayer of hiPS-CMs by 88 marketed and 30 internal discovery compounds were detected with real-time cellular impedance measurement and quantified by measures of arrhythmic beating (IB20, lowest concentration inducing ≥ 20% arrhythmic [irregular, atypical] beats in 3 consecutive 20-s sweeps, and predicted proarrhythmic score [PPS]-IB20) or changes in beat rate (BR20, the lowest concentration inducing a reduction in beat rate of ≥ 20% at 3 consecutive sweeps compared with the time-matched vehicle control group, and PPS-BR20). Drug-induced arrhythmic beats and reductions in beat rates are predictive of clinical arrhythmia and QT prolongation, respectively. A threshold of ≤ 10 μM for class determination results in 82% in vitro-in vivo concordance for TdP prediction and 91% sensitivity for non-TdP arrhythmia detection, or 83% and 91% if clinically efficacious plasma (effective serum therapeutic concentration [C eff]) values are incorporated. This human cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk (hCAR) model provides greater predictivity for torsadogenicity in humans compared with either human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) inhibition (75%) or QT prolongation (81%). The concordance of beat rate reductions to predict clinical QT prolongation is 86%, or 87% when C eff is considered, which is greater than a hERG signal (80%). Further, arrhythmic beats resulting from cytotoxicity were identified by a distinct arrhythmic beating pattern, which occurred after the onset of cytolethality. This hCAR assay showed increased performance over existing preclinical tools in predicting clinical QT prolongation, arrhythmia, and TdP. Thus, hiPS-CMs are a relevant cell system to improve evaluating cardiac safety liabilities of drug candidates.
5G meets satellite: Non‐terrestrial network architecture and 3GPP (2022)

Summary With 3GPP Release‐17, global 5G standards now support non‐terrestrial mobile networks comprising radio access network, terminals, and core network. This enables multi‐vendor interoperability as well as interoperability with 3GPP‐compliant 5G systems. This paper describes the key features enabling the NG‐RAN architecture defined for 5G to support non‐terrestrial networks. Starting from a general overview of NG‐RAN and of the new paradigms of NTN, we introduce the NTN functionality in NG‐RAN specifications with respect to feeder link switchover, cell handling, terminal registration, and OAM aspects. We also discuss different scenarios combining satellite access with 3GPP‐defined core networks. We also describe some further enhancements expected to be seen in the next 3GPP release (Rel‐18). We believe current and upcoming 3GPP work for NTN represents a solid basis on which 5G satellite networks can be built in the upcoming future.
EB defect inspection of EUV resist patterned wafer for hp 32 nm and beyond (2011)

It is important to control the defect level of the EUV lithography mask because of pellicle-less. We studied the resist patterned wafer inspection method using EB inspection system. In this paper, the defect detection sensitivity of EB inspection system is quantified using hp 32 nm line and space pattern with about 5 nm LWR (Line Width Roughness). Programmed defects of 13 nm narrowing and 10 nm widening have been detected successfully after the optimization of column and inspection condition. Next, the defects detected by mask inspection system and EB wafer inspection system were compared and were in good agreement for printed killer defects. In these results, EB inspection system is proved to be useful for EUV resist inspection. Further, we evaluated the resist material damage by EB inspection irradiation and indicated the direction of reducing the shrinkage.
TCR immune profiling reveals intrinsic clonal selection of tissue resident memory T cells in genital mucosa during human HSV-2 infection (2016)

Abstract Tissue resident memory (TRM) T cells persist in human genital mucosa long after healing of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection. These TRM T cells provide effective protection to rapidly contain reactivating viruses before clinical manifestation occurs, making them excellent candidates for developing novel approaches to controlling HSV2 reactivation. To understand the dynamics of TCR repertoire and the kinetics of T cell clones during disease resolution, sequential biopsies were obtained in three individuals at the time of active lesions and 2, 4, 8 weeks post-healing, and were subjected to high-throughput sequencing of the TCRβ chain hypervariable CDR3 region. Oligoclonal immune profiles were evidenced in all biopsy tissues with a few TCR sequences constituting 30–40% of the TCR repertoire. The usage pattern of various TCRVB genes was similar among tissues of active lesion and post healed biopsies of the same subject. However, the TCRVB usage differed dramatically between the TCR repertoire in tissues and those of PBMC derived HSV-2 specific T cells taken at the same time point within each individual. This difference was more extreme when evaluating the TCR sequences that selectively persisted in post-healing biopsies. The top ten predominant TCR sequences persisting in tissues during clinical quiescence 4–8 weeks post healing did not overlap with HSV-2 specific T cells isolated from PBMC. These data suggest a TCR intrinsic property might dictate the TRM repertoire, and that the antigen specificity of TRM might differ considerably from circulating HSV-2 specific T cells.
Relationship of lower uterine segment cancer with Lynch syndrome: A novel case with an hMLH1 germline mutation (2012)

Lynch syndrome is a genetic disease that often develops in patients with endometrial cancer and is caused by abnormal DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. In the United States, it was recently reported that the prevalence of Lynch syndrome with an hMSH2 mutation in patients with endometrial cancer in the lower uterine segment (LUS) is much greater than that in patients with endometrial cancer, although no such reports have been published in Asia. In this study, we examined the correlation between endometrial cancer in LUS and abnormalities in MMR genes. We examined 625 patients, who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer and underwent a hysterectomy. Nine patients (1.4%) had cancer based on pathological confirmation of a tumor in the lower part of the uterus and no cancer in the upper part. These cases were compared with 27 cases of sporadic endometrial (non-LUS) cancer. The age and BMI of the patients with LUS cancer were significantly lower than those of the patients with non-LUS cancer. No differences were observed in the pathological characteristics. The microsatellite instability (MSI)-positive rates were similar. Immunohistochemistry showed a decreased expression of hMLH1 and hMSH6 in patients with LUS cancer. In contrast with earlier reports from the United States, hMSH2 was expressed in all the cases. Of the 2 patients with LUS cancer who exhibited high MSI, 1 patient showed abnormal methylation of hMLH1, while the other patient was diagnosed with Lynch syndrome with a mutation in the hMLH1 gene. This is the second report on the relationship of LUS cancer and Lynch syndrome, and the first to describe an Asian patient with LUS cancer with Lynch syndrome induced by an hMLH1 mutation.
A six-band stereoscopic video camera system for accurate color reproduction (2012)

In order to accurate color reproduction, a novel six-band stereoscopic video acquisition and visualization system using multi-spectral and stereo imaging has been proposed. The proposed system consists of two consumer-model digital cameras and an interference filter whose spectral transmittance is comb shaped. In the process of generating a six-band image, the Phase-Only Correlation method (POC) is used to find accurate corresponding points between the stereo image pair, and projective transformation whose parameters are estimated from the correspondence is used to correct geometric relationship between the images. The Wiener estimation method is used for color reproduction. The all image processing steps after image capture is implemented on GPUs and the frame rate of the system is 30 fps is achieved when image size is XGA.
Exploiting prolific types for memory management and optimizations (2002)

In this paper, we introduce the notion of prolific and non-prolific types, based on the number of instantiated objects of those types. We demonstrate that distinguishing between these types enables a new class of techniques for memory management and data locality, and facilitates the deployment of known techniques. Specifically, we first present a new type-based approach to garbage collection that has similar attributes but lower cost than generational collection. Then we describe the short type pointer technique for reducing memory requirements of objects (data) used by the program. We also discuss techniques to facilitate the recycling of prolific objects and to simplify object co-allocation decisions.We evaluate the first two techniques on a standard set of Java benchmarks (SPECjvm98 and SPECjbb2000). An implementation of the type-based collector in the Jalapeño VM shows improved pause times, elimination of unnecessary write barriers, and reduction in garbage collection time (compared to the analogous generational collector) by up to 15%. A study to evaluate the benefits of the short-type pointer technique shows a potential reduction in the heap space requirements of programs by up to 16%.
A Statistical Approach to Real-Time Updating and Automatic Scheduling of Physical Models (2013)

Energy consumption of data center has increased dramatically due to the massive computing demands driven from every sector of the economy. Hence, data center energy management has become very important for operating data centers within environmental standards while achieving low energy cost. In order to advance the understanding of thermal management in data centers, relevant environmental information such as temperature, humidity and air quality are gathered through a network of real-time sensors or simulated via sophisticated physical models (e.g. computational fluid dynamics models). However, sensor readings of environmental parameters are collected only at sparse locations and thus cannot provide a detailed map of temperature distribution for the entire data center. While the physics models yield high resolution temperature maps, it is often not feasible, due to computational complexity of these models, to run them in real-time, which is ideally required for optimum data center operation and management. In this work, we propose a novel statistical modeling approach to updating physical model outputs in real-time and providing automatic scheduling for re-computing physical model outputs. The proposed method dynamically corrects the discrepancy between a steady-state output of the physical model and real-time thermal sensor data. We show that the proposed method can provide valuable information for data center energy management such as real-time high-resolution thermal maps. Moreover, it can efficiently detect systematic changes in a data center thermal environment, and automatically schedule physical models to be re-executed whenever significant changes are detected.
Three-dimensional coupled-wave theory analysis of a centered-rectangular lattice photonic crystal laser with a transverse-electric-like mode (2012)

A general coupled-wave theory analysis is presented for centered-rectangular lattice photonic crystal (PC) lasers with transverse-electric-like polarization. This analysis affords a realistic approach to the treatment of the full three-dimensional structure of the laser devices by incorporating surface emission and high-order coupling effects. Band structures and radiation constants of band-edge modes are calculated and discussed for different lattice angles, and their accuracies are verified via experiments and numerical simulations. Thus, the proposed analysis facilitates comprehensive understanding of the physics of PC surface-emitting lasers (PC-SELs), and it reveals extra degrees of structural flexibility for developing novel PC-SEL devices.
Nucleotide Sequence of the Simian Virus 40 Hind II + III Restriction Fragment J and the Total Amino Acid Sequence of the Major Structural Protein VP1 (1978)

The HindII + III restriction fragment J (Hind-J) represents 4.58% of the simian virus 40 genome. The information present in Hind-J is expressed as part of the major, late 16-S messenger RNA, which codes for the structural protein VP1. The nucleotide sequence of the 240-base-pairs-long Hind fragment J has been determined by analysis of each oligonucleotide from both strands resulting from T1 or pancreatic RNase digestion of RNA transcribed from the DNA and from RNase digestion of ribo-substituted DNA. Large oligonucleotide blocks which could be constructed mainly on the basis of complementarity were subsequently ordered by partial chemical degradation of terminally labeled DNA. This direct DNA sequencing approach also completely confirmed the results obtained by both aforementioned RNase degradation methods. In the strand with the same polarity as the late mRNA, triplets corresponding to termination codons are present in two of the three reading frames. The one open reading frame connects in phase with the open reading frame of the neighboring HindII/ III fragments K, F and G, which have been published previously and which together with Hind-J span the total VP1 gene. Some features of the primary nucleotide sequence of this VP1 gene and the derived VP1 amino acid sequence are discussed.
Software defined unified monitoring and management of clouds (2014)

Software defined environments for managing infrastructure services in cloud computing, comprising compute, storage, and network functionality, are an area of active research. This paper demonstrates the need to extend this research to managed services that are offered by IT (information technology) service providers who manage customers' servers and applications to meet functional (e.g., monitoring, patching, and backup) and nonfunctional (e.g., availability, resilience, and portability) requirements. To enable software defined control, managed services must be modularized, and their functionality must be exposed through application programming interfaces (APIs) for lifecycle management, composition, and configuration. This paper provides a vision for service modularization based on real-world customer requirements and describes the pros and cons of providing different classes of APIs from the perspectives of both customers and cloud providers. An example of a complex managed service using monitoring, event management, and incident management components, based on the authors' experiences with a real-world cloud implementation, is used to illustrate the key challenges involved in building software defined managed services. This is an emerging area of research that will enable continuous enhancement of IBM's cloud offerings to satisfy changing customer requirements.
Development of High Response Linear Motor which Reduced Magnet Volume (2013)

In applications such as semiconductor and liquid crystal substrate processing, a linear motor drive is widely used because of its high response and high acceleration rate. A linear motor using rare earth magnets with iron cores is used for realizing large thrust and for downsizing. Recently, the material cost for rare earth magnets has increased sharply. In order to realize a higher acceleration rate and to reduce the magnet mass, we have developed a novel linear motor, in which the stator consists of several armature cores, and a single winding wound around the plurality armature cores commonly. We call this motor a “phase concentrated winding linear motor”. Owing to its unique structure, it has various advantages such as reduced flux leakage and improved productivity. In this paper, the new structure and the advantages of the phase concentrated winding linear motor are discussed. We also show the experimental results obtained with its prototype, such as an acceleration rate of approximately 70G in high acceleration driving.
Transmitting Confidential Data in RADIUS (2008)

This document defines a set of Type-Length-Value (TLV) tuples which,
when encapsulated in RADIUS Extended Attributes, are designed to allow
the secure transmission of sensitive or confidential data (including
encryption keys) between RADIUS clients and servers.
Effects of Combustion Chamber Deposits, Compression Ratio and Combustion Chamber Design on Power and Emissions in Spark-Ignition Engines (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Experimental results from three different single cylinder engines using the same fuel at different operating conditions and at different stages of build-up of combustion chamber deposits (CCD) are reported. Two of these engines have the same pent-roof, four-valve head but different compression ratios while the other has two valves and a much slower burn-rate. Increasing the compression ratio increases HC and NOx emissions correlate very well with peak engine pressure. The effects of CCD on combustion rate, power and emissions depend greatly on engine design and also on operating conditions.&lt;/div&gt;
Evaluation of multicast routing algorithms for real-time communication on high-speed networks (1997)

Multicast (MC) routing algorithms capable of satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirements of real-time applications will be essential for future high-speed networks. We compare the performance of all of the important MC routing algorithms when applied to networks with asymmetric link loads. Each algorithm is judged based on the quality of the MC trees it generates and its efficiency in managing the network resources. Simulation results over random networks show that unconstrained algorithms are not capable of fulfilling the QoS requirements of real-time applications in wide-area networks. Simulations also reveal that one of the unconstrained algorithms, reverse path multicasting (RPM), is quite inefficient when applied to asymmetric networks. We study how combining routing with resource reservation and admission control improves the RPM's efficiency in managing the network resources. The performance of one semiconstrained heuristic, MSC, three constrained Steiner tree (CST) heuristics, Kompella, Pasquale, and Polyzos (1992), constrained adaptive ordering (CAO), and bounded shortest multicast algorithm (BSMA), and one constrained shortest path tree (CSPT) heuristic, the constrained Dijkstra heuristic (CDKS) are also studied. Simulations show that the semiconstrained and constrained heuristics are capable of successfully constructing MC trees which satisfy the QoS requirements of real-time traffic. However, the cost performance of the heuristics varies. The BSMA's MC trees are lower in cost than all other constrained heuristics. Finally, we compare the execution times of all algorithms, unconstrained, semiconstrained, and constrained.
EV/HEV Industry Trends of Wide-bandgap Power Semiconductor Devices for Power Electronics Converters (2019)

During the past two decades, medium-power inverters for electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEV) have been dominated by mature silicon (Si) insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) technology. New power semiconductor technologies, such as silicon carbide (SiC), have attracted increasing interest as attractive alternatives that address the limitations of the band-gap width, breakdown voltage, saturation drift rate, and thermal conductivity of Si devices. This paper provides an overview of wide-bandgap power semiconductors from the perspectives of the efficiency, reliability, added cost, and market, particularly for EV and charging infrastructure applications. In addition, the potential of wide-bandgap power devices is analyzed, including SiC, gallium nitride (GaN), and synthetic diamond, and the industry vision and evolution related to SiC penetration into the automotive supply chain are described.
Rapid and Near-Complete Resolution of Moyamoya Vessels in a Patient with Moyamoya Disease Treated with Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass (1996)

Several groups have reported partial resolution of moyamoya vessels following surgical revascularization in pediatric patients, but angiographic documentation of near-complete resolution has been poor. We report here a case of a 5-year-old boy who underwent bilateral superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass combined with unilateral encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis who demonstrated near-complete resolution of moyamoya vessels and a dramatic improvement in cerebral perfusion as measured by xenon-enhanced CT. The resolution of moyamoya networks may serve as an indicator of successful surgical revascularization.
A numerical study of seafloor scattering (1995)

The processes which result in backscattered acoustic energy from the seafloor are of primary interest for interpreting sonar signals measured in the deep ocean basins. This complex problem can be approached from a realistic perspective with the employment of modern high-resolution seafloor bathymetry measurements and viscoelastic wave simulation techniques capable of modeling highly heterogeneous anelastic media. A numerical study of low-frequency (100–200 Hz) backscattering processes from rough seafloor models is presented and several scattering hypotheses are proposed. In particular the effects that low-Q sediments have on the backscattered field from a rough seafloor and the effects that perturbations in the different material properties have on the backscattered energy are investigated. The principal conclusions reached are that anelastic sediments on the seafloor can have a significant impact on the backscattered field from low grazing angle scattering experiments, and that small perturbations in the compressional sediment velocity can dramatically alter the backscattered field.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirolactones from Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Diazo Decomposition with Regioselective Carbon‐Hydrogen Insertion. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Estimation of joint center and measurement of finger motion by inertial sensors (2016)

The authors developed a wearable finger motion measurement system using inertial and geomagnetic sensors. Using this system, motion and posture of the hands and fingers can be measured. However, the joint center and segment axis cannot be accurately measured in a previous study using the sensors. Therefore, the authors proposed a method of estimating the joint center and segment lengths. This method utilizes the fact that the calculation formula of the rotational acceleration in the sensor's coordinate system is the vector product. However, because the vector product is irreversible, the rotation center was calculated by using a position vector placed on an intersection line of two planes constituted by rotational acceleration. As a result of the verification, estimation error was small. In addition, finger motion was measured using posture measurement and rotation center estimation. This measured motion, joint angle and segment lengths estimated by the finger motion measurement system were compared with a motion capture system. As a result, the initial MP and PIP joint angles had some differences, but there was no difference for the MP and PIP joint angles during movement and the other joint angles. Therefore, we need to improve the estimation method of the PIP and DIP joint centers.