gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Afterglow in CsI(Tl) by Codoping With ${\rm Eu}^{2+}$: Fabrication of Microcolumnar Films for High-Resolution High-Speed Imaging (2007)

Although CsI:Tl is one of the brightest and most efficient scintillator materials ever developed, its applicability for high-speed imaging is limited by its persistent afterglow. We have demonstrated that much of this afterglow can be suppressed by the addition of Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> to the CsI host lattice. The magnitude of the effect depends strongly on the duration of the excitation pulse, but is virtually independent of its intensity. Our observations indicate that the presence of Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> ions introduces a set of electron traps that fundamentally alter the decay kinetics, making the material useful for such applications as high-speed radiography and, perhaps, X-ray CT. At RMD several single crystals of CsI:Tl,Eu with Eu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> concentrations between 0.05 to 0.5 mole percent have been grown using the Bridgman technique. Here we report on our fabrication of microcolumnar films of the material using thermal vapor deposition for high-resolution digital radiography applications. Our data suggests that the afterglow suppression effect has a profound impact on high speed imaging performance, allowing rapid data acquisition with substantially reduced persistence from previous frames. The latest results on the effect of the codopant on the luminescence from CsI:Tl crystals as well as microcolumnar films will be reported.
Aggregation of ligand‐modified liposomes by specific interactions with proteins. I: Biotinylated liposomes and avidin (1996)

The aggregation of biotin-modified phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) induced by binding the protein avidin in solution is analyzed experimentally and theoretically. Avidin has four binding sites that can recognize biotin specifically, and is able to cross-link the liposomes to form large aggregates. The aggregation kinetics were followed using quasi-elastic light scattering (QLS) to measure the mean particle size, and by measuring the solution turbidity. The rate and extent of aggregation were determined as a function of vesicle concentration, protein concentration, and the biotin density on the surface of the liposomes. A model based on Smoluchowski kinetics, fractal concepts, and Rayleigh and Mie light scattering theory was developed to analyze the experimental observations. Small aggregates (<7800 Å diameter) may be treated as globular; however, the fractal nature of larger particles must be taken into account. Parameters in the model are taken from molecular simulations, or fit to the experimental observations. The aggregation kinetics are primarily determined by the biotin density on the liposome surface, the stoichiometric ratio of avidin molecules to liposomes, and the liposome concentration. Good agreement is found between the model and the experimental results. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Genomic features of bacterial adaptation to plants (2020)

Author(s): Levy, A; Salas Gonzalez, I; Mittelviefhaus, M; Clingenpeel, S; Herrera Paredes, S; Miao, J; Wang, K; Devescovi, G; Stillman, K; Monteiro, F; Rangel Alvarez, B; Lundberg, DS; Lu, TY; Lebeis, S; Jin, Z; McDonald, M; Klein, AP; Feltcher, ME; Rio, TG; Grant, SR; Doty, SL; Ley, RE; Zhao, B; Venturi, V; Pelletier, DA; Vorholt, JA; Tringe, SG; Woyke, T; Dangl, JL | Abstract: © 2017 The Author(s). Plants intimately associate with diverse bacteria. Plant-associated bacteria have ostensibly evolved genes that enable them to adapt to plant environments. However, the identities of such genes are mostly unknown, and their functions are poorly characterized. We sequenced 484 genomes of bacterial isolates from roots of Brassicaceae, poplar, and maize. We then compared 3,837 bacterial genomes to identify thousands of plant-associated gene clusters. Genomes of plant-associated bacteria encode more carbohydrate metabolism functions and fewer mobile elements than related non-plant-associated genomes do. We experimentally validated candidates from two sets of plant-associated genes: one involved in plant colonization, and the other serving in microbe-microbe competition between plant-associated bacteria. We also identified 64 plant-associated protein domains that potentially mimic plant domains; some are shared with plant-associated fungi and oomycetes. This work expands the genome-based understanding of plant-microbe interactions and provides potential leads for efficient and sustainable agriculture through microbiome engineering.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for AIS: An Early Prospective Comparison with Standard Open Posterior Surgery (2013)

Study design: Prospective matched-control comparison study.
Objective: To prospectively compare deformity correction and measures of perioperative morbidity between minimally invasive posterior spinal fusion and conventional open posterior procedures in age- and curve classificationmatched individuals.
Summary of background data: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has evolved in an effort to decrease the rate of approach-related morbidity associated with conventional open procedures for spinal disorders. Its widespread use in spinal trauma and degenerative disorders has yielded similar clinical results to open techniques with the added benefit of optimizing peri-operative morbidity. No report has been made comparing the clinical results of MIS to conventional open procedures in the setting of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Methods: Patients enrolled in a multi-center, longitudinal, prospective AIS study were included in this analysis. Pre-op, peri-op and first erect post-op data was evaluated. 16 MIS patients were matched for age, sex, Lenke classification, and curve size with 16 conventional open posterior procedures. All cases were also matched to a single surgeon to reduce potential surgeon-induced variability. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v.18.
Results: Age, gender, Lenke classification and curve magnitude were not statistically different between individuals treated with MIS or open surgery (Table 1). Post-op major Cobb was 20 degrees (curve correction 63%) in those treated with MIS and 18 degrees (curve correction 68%) in those treated with open surgery. Both estimated blood loss and length of stay (LOS) were significantly less in the MIS group (277 mL, 4.63 days) compared to the open group (388 mL, 6.19 days); however OR time was significantly longer in the MIS group (444 min) compared to the open group (350 min).
Conclusions: MIS for AIS has similar results to standard open posterior techniques, specifically for curve correction. Although increase in operative time was noted in the MIS group, advantages of MIS over standard open procedures seem to include decreased LOS and blood loss. Further follow-up will be critical to evaluating the longerterm outcomes of the MIS approach to AIS treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: (N‐Acyl‐N‐alkyl)glycyl Borolysine Analogues: A New Class of Potent Thrombin Inhibitors. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Liquid‐liquid extraction of aroma compounds with hollow fiber contactor (2001)

Abstract The extraction of aroma compounds through a commercial hollow‐fiber contactor from model aqueous feeds to sunflower oil was tested. The stripping efficiency of this membrane‐based solvent extraction operation was systematically studied as a function of the oil/water partition coefficient of the permeants, and the flow and location of the feeds in the contactor (in the shell side or in the lumen of the fibers). The mass transfer between the two phases was modeled based on the resistances‐in‐series approach. In particular, a correlation describing the mass transfer with a transverse flow in the shell is proposed. With similar operating conditions, the stripping of the aroma compounds was more efficient when flowing the aqueous feed phase in the shell side than inside the fibers.
ChemInform Abstract: Structures of Two DNA Minor‐Groove Binders, Based on Pyrrolo(2,1‐c)(1, 4)benzodiazepines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
FPMax: a 106GFLOPS/W at 217GFLOPS/mm2 Single-Precision FPU, and a 43.7GFLOPS/W at 74.6GFLOPS/mm2 Double-Precision FPU, in 28nm UTBB FDSOI (2016)

FPMax implements four FPUs optimized for latency or throughput workloads in two precisions, fabricated in 28nm UTBB FDSOI. Each unit's parameters, e.g pipeline stages, booth encoding etc., were optimized to yield 1.42ns latency at 110GLOPS/W (SP) and 1.39ns latency at 36GFLOPS/W (DP). At 100% activity, body-bias control improves the energy efficiency by about 20%; at 10% activity this saving is almost 2x. Keywords: FPU, energy efficiency, hardware generator, SOI
Comprehensive silencing of target-sharing microRNAs is a mechanism for SIRT1 overexpression in cancer (2014)

Overexpression of SIRT1 is frequently observed in various types of cancers, suggesting its potential role in malignancies. However, the molecular basis of how SIRT1 is elevated in cancer is less understood. Here we show that cancer-related SIRT1 overexpression is due to evasion of Sirt1 mRNA from repression by a group of Sirt1-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) that might be robustly silenced in cancer. Our comprehensive library-based screening and subsequent miRNA gene profiling revealed a housekeeping gene-like broad expression pattern and strong CpG island-association of the Sirt1-targeting miRNA genes. This suggests aberrant CpG DNA methylation as the mechanistic background for malignant SIRT1 elevation. Our work also provides an example where epigenetic mechanisms cause the group-wide regulation of miRNAs sharing a common key target.
Desirable reticle flatness from focus deviation standpoint optical lithography (2002)

We performed precise and systematic approaches for clarifying what reticle flatness should be from the standpoint of focal deviation in optical lithography. The impact of reticle warpage on focus deviation was measured by aerial image sensor to obtain tiny reticle-induced focus shift precisely. We clarified the criteria of reticle flatness after chucking. Optimum free-standing shape to become desired shape after chucking was obtained by simulation and analytical approach. The flatness of chucked reticle was found to be determined by both free-standing plate shape inside the reticle holder and plate shape facing the holder. Reticle flatness was newly defined according to the results. Requirements respecting the newly defined flatness for each technology node were clarified from focus budget analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐(2‐Hydroxy‐3‐methoxypropyl)uracils and Their Activity Against L1210 and Macrophage Raw 264.7 Cells. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ketamine Does Not Increase Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity or Intracranial Pressure During Isoflurane/Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy (1995)

Ketamine's effect on cerebral hemodynamics is controversial.We hypothesized that ketamine would not increase intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) velocity in anesthetized, ventilated patients. Twenty patients requiring craniotomy for brain tumor or cerebral aneurysm were studied. After induction with thiopental, anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. During controlled ventilation (PaCO2 34 +/- 1 mm Hg); middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (VMCA), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), bilateral frontooccipital processed electroencephalogram (EEG), and ICP were measured before and for 10 min after intravenous ketamine 1.0 mg/kg. Cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content difference (AVDO2) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were calculated. After ketamine, MAP, CPP, PaCO2, and AVDO2 were unchanged. ICP decreased from 16 +/- 1 mm Hg to 14 +/- 1 mm Hg (mean +/- SE; P < 0.001) and VMCA decreased from 44 +/- 4 cm/s to 39 +/- 4 cm/s (P < 0.001). Total EEG power decreased (P < 0.02). These results suggest that ketamine can be used in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated patients with mildly increased ICP without adversely altering cerebral hemodynamics. (Anesth Analg 1995;81:84-9)
Epigenetic regulation of RhoB loss of expression in lung cancer (2007)

We thus propose that RhoB regulation of expression occurs mainly by histone deacetylation rather than by promoter hypermethylation and that this process can be modulated by specific 5' sequences within the promoter.
3D simulation of ion migration within the microstructure of perovskite solar cells (2019)

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gathered a large interest in the photovoltaic community due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties [1]. Low-temperature processed PSCs show sharp optical absorption edges, low bulk recombination, high charge carrier diffusion lengths, and a high light power conversion efficiency. Major remaining challenges with PSCs are the content of toxic lead, hysteresis effects, and the long-term stability of the material. Although the quality of thin film PSCs has been enhanced successfully, grain boundaries (GBs) are still present within fabricated thin film devices. The perovskite film microstructure has a significant impact on the performance of the PSCs. Existing studies provided evidence for a strong correlation between ion migration and grain boundaries and emphasized the significance for stability and hysteresis effect during device operation [2,3]. Despite the rapid progress in the understanding of the role of interfaces within perovskite thin films [4,5], several aspects, such as the role of interfaces on the ion dynamics and charge carrier recombination, need both further experimental and theoretical investigations. Present numerical models are mainly based on 1D drift-diffusion simulations, which allow a simplified analysis of trap states [6, 7] and grain boundaries [8]. Ion densities covering a range from 1015 cm-3 [8] up to 1019 cm-3 [7,8] have been used in the numerical analysis to fit the experimental results. As the migration of ions and the distribution of trap states strongly depend on the microstructure of the PSCs, a 3D numerical device model is required to study the relation between the grain boundaries and the PSC performance. In this work, we present a joint theoretical-experimental investigation on the role of the microstructure of the perovskite thin film on the device performance. We develop a 3D kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model to simulate the PSCs including realistic grain morphologies, the dynamics of ions and photo-generated charge carriers, and recombination processes. The large difference in the diffusivity of ions and photo-generated charge carriers is handled by a multi-timescale approach, which solves the dynamics of ions and charge carriers separately, while the Coulomb interaction between ions and charge carriers is accounted for by an electrostatic background potential. This allows to perform transient device simulations despite the slow motion of ions. The kMC model is used to analyze the time-dependent response of the device performance as a function of charge accumulation within grain boundaries. We study the impact of (i) ion migration and (ii) trap states for different grain sizes and structures on the jV-characteristics of the PSC. The observed results are used to analyze transient current measurements of devices with different grain sizes. We observe that the screening of ions can be reduced by the presence of GBs, with the drawback of increased trap-assisted recombination at the GBs.
Classification and comparative evaluation of PV panel integrated DC-DC converter concepts (2012)

Strings of photovoltaic panels have a significantly reduced power output when mismatch between the panels, such as partial shading, occurs since integrated diodes are then partly bypassing the shaded panels. With the implementation of DC-DC converters on panel level, the maximum available power can be extracted from each panel regardless of any shading. In this paper, different concepts of PV panel integrated DC-DC converters are presented, comparative evaluation is given and the converter design process is shown for the buck-boost converter which is identified as the best suited concept. Furthermore, the results of high precision efficiency measurements of an experimental prototype are presented and compared to a commercial MIC.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Adoptive Transfer of Autologous Natural Killer Cells Leads to High Levels of Circulating Natural Killer Cells but Does Not Mediate Tumor Regression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 38K&lt;/p&gt;
Matrix resin development at NASA Langley Research Center (1985)

The polymer program at NASA Langley Research Center involves exploratory studies in polymer science. These include the synthesis of novel polymers and their characterization. Polymer synthesis programs involve the development of novel thermoplastics, pseudothermoplastics, and thermosets. Recent investigations have led to the development of more easily processable polyimides, solvent-resistant polysulfones and polyphenylquinoxalines, and tougher high and intermediate-temperature polymers. Characterization efforts have included high-pressure liquid chromatography methodology, the development of toughness tests for fiber-reinforced composites, a study of electrical properties of metal-ion-filled polyimides, and a study of the mutagenicity of aromatic diamines. Also the mechanism of cure/degradation of experimental polymers has been studied by rheology, mechanical behavior, separation techniques and spectroscopy. Some of these programs have involved the degradation crosslinking of alkyl-containing polyimides, the separation and identification of crosslinked phenylquinoxalines, the rheological behavior of hot-melt polyimides, and the elucidation of the cure of norbornene endcapped imides.
1000 V/μm pulsed poling technique for photolime-gel electro-optic polymer with room-temperature repoling feature (1998)

An electric pulsed-poling technique is developed for achieving high-performance electro-optic polymers. A high poling field of 1 kV/μm can be applied across a polymer thin film without experiencing breakdown. This poling technique has been applied to a guest-host nonlinear polymeric system of photolime gel and chlorophenol red with loading concentration of 30 wt %. An electro-optic coefficient up to 40 pm/V at the 632.8 nm wavelength is achieved, which is 35% higher than that obtained by using conventional poling approaches. After decay the electro-optic coefficient can be fully recovered using the same poling method at room temperature.
Air- and water-stable 1,2-vinyl-insertion polymerizations of bicyclic olefins: a simple precursor route to polyacetylene (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAir- and water-stable 1,2-vinyl-insertion polymerizations of bicyclic olefins: a simple precursor route to polyacetyleneAdam L. Safir and Bruce M. NovakCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 15, 4072–4073Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00067a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00067a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Table S3 from The Lipogenic Regulator SREBP2 Induces Transferrin in Circulating Melanoma Cells and Suppresses Ferroptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S3&lt;/p&gt;
Hot spot aware microchannel cooling add-on for microelectronic chips in mobile devices (2017)

This work proposes an experimental microchannel solution to cool microelectronic chips with hot spots, using a nonintrusive technique. In microelectronics, approaches such as die thinning induces acute stress on cooling because it increases the hotspot phenomena and reduces chip bulk thickness aimed for microchannels. In mobile devices, the heat must be removed using limited pumping power and cooling space. Microchannels etched in the backside of the chip, usually considered as an efficient cooling solution, are impracticable on highly thinned chips. This work experimentally investigates the cooling performance of a non-invasive and hot spot aware microchannel die that is in direct fluidic contact with the backside of the chip. It also proposes a confinement-wise metric. A thermal resistance of 2.8 °C/W is achieved at heat flux of 1185 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> per heat source, for a total dissipated power of 20 W and a maximum allowed temperature rise of 55 °C. Such performance is obtained with only 19.2 kPa of pressure drop and 9.4 ml/min of flow rate, making a hydraulic power of only 3 mW, representing a coefficient of performance of 6500. Therefore, backside cooling appears as a compact and low consumption solution for highly confined heat on chips for mobile applications.