gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiological and Environmental Research Division annual report, October 1979-September 1980: fundamental molecular physics and chemistry (1981)

Research is reported on the physics and chemistry of atoms, ions, and molecules, especially their interactions with external agents such as photons and electrons. Individual items from the report were prepared separately for the data base. (GHT)
On the mobilization of metals by CO2 leakage into shallow aquifers: exploring release mechanisms by modeling field and laboratory experiments (2015)

Abstract The dissolution of CO 2 in water leads to a pH decrease and a carbonate content increase in affected groundwater, which in turn can drive the mobilization of metals from sediments. The mechanisms of metal release postulated in various field and laboratory studies often differ. Drawing primarily on previously published results, we examine contrasting metal mobilization behaviors at two field tests and in one laboratory study, to investigate whether the same mechanisms could explain metal releases in these different experiments. Numerical modeling of the two field tests reveals that fast Ca‐driven cation exchange (from calcite dissolution) can explain the release of most major and trace metal cations at both sites, and their parallel concentration trends. The dissolution of other minerals reacting more slowly (superimposed on cation exchange) also contributes to metal release over longer time frames, but can be masked by fast ambient groundwater velocities. Therefore, the magnitude and extent of mobilization depends not only on metal‐mineral associations and sediment pH buffering characteristics, but also on groundwater flow rates, thus on the residence time of CO 2 ‐impacted groundwater relative to the rates of metal‐release reactions. Sequential leaching laboratory tests modeled using the same metal‐release concept as postulated from field experiments show that both field and laboratory data can be explained by the same processes. The reversibility of metal release upon CO 2 degassing by de‐pressurization is also explored using simple geochemical models, and shows that the sequestration of metals by resorption and re‐precipitation upon CO 2 exsolution is quite plausible and may warrant further attention. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Flexible Edge Arrangement Templates for Object Detection (2008)

We present a novel feature representation for categorical object detection. Unlike previous approaches that have concentrated on generic interest-point detectors, we construct object-specific features directly from the training images. Our feature is represented by a collection of Flexible Edge Arrangement Templates (FEATs). We propose a two-stage semi-supervised learning approach to feature selection. A subset of frequent templates are first selected from a large template pool. In the second stage, we formulate feature selection as a regression problem and use LASSO method to find the most discriminative templates from the preselected ones. FEATs adaptively capture the image structure and naturally accommodate local shape variations. We show that this feature can be complemented by the traditional holistic patch method, thus achieving both efficiency and accuracy. We evaluate our method on three well-known car datasets, showing performance competitive with existing methods.
Mos stimulates MAP kinase in Xenopus oocytes and activates a MAP kinase kinase in vitro. (1993)

Several protein kinases, including Mos, maturation-promoting factor (MPF), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), are activated when Xenopus oocytes enter meiosis. De novo synthesis of the Mos protein is required for progesterone-induced meiotic maturation. Recently, bacterially synthesized maltose-binding protein (MBP)-Mos fusion protein was shown to be sufficient to initiate meiosis I and MPF activation in fully grown oocytes in the absence of protein synthesis. Here we show that MAP kinase is rapidly phosphorylated and activated following injection of wild-type, but not kinase-inactive mutant, MBP-Mos into fully grown oocytes. MAP kinase activation by MBP-Mos occurs within 20 min, much more rapidly than in progesterone-treated oocytes. The MBP-Mos fusion protein also activates MPF, but MPF activation does not occur until approximately 2 h after injection. Extracts from oocytes injected with wild-type but not kinase-inactive MBP-Mos contain an activity that can phosphorylate MAP kinase, suggesting that Mos directly or indirectly activates a MAPKK. Furthermore, activated MBP-Mos fusion protein is able to phosphorylate and activate a purified, phosphatase-treated, rabbit muscle MAPKK in vitro. Thus, in oocytes, Mos is an upstream activator of MAP kinase which may function through direct phosphorylation of MAPKK.
A Rapid Swept-Source Mid-Infrared Laser (2014)

In this paper we describe the design and realization of a swept-source EC-QCL. Since the moving mass of a galvanometer based mirror is less than that of a diffraction grating, a Littman external cavity was constructed to enable rapid sweep rates. We demonstrate a 400Hz repetition rate with a tuning speed of 45,000cm-1/s. Both figures of merit are higher than those achieved in conventional Littrow configuration EC-QCLs. The tuning speed is not limited by the cavity design or gain chip but by the inertia of the moving mirror used. We go on to assess the fundamental limit to the sweep rate of our swept-source. A key factor is the number of round trips of the cavity that are required to reach saturation. This photon build up time is dependent on the cavity length, the round trip gain, the cavity linewidth, and the ASE power within the spectral window of the cavity [4]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first assessment of QCL gain chips for rapid swept-source applications. We demonstrate that >100kHz repetition rate should be possible from sweptsource EC-QCLs.
Investigation of S-N Test Data Scatter of Carburized 4320 Steel (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A series of bending fatigue tests were conducted and S-N data were obtained for two groups of 4320 steel samples: (1) carburized, quenched and tempered, (2) carburized, quenched, tempered and shot peened. Shot peening improved the fatigue life and endurance limit. The S-N data exhibited large scatter, especially for carburized samples and at the high cycle life regime. Sample characterization work was performed and scatter bands were established for residual stress distributions, in addition to fracture and fatigue properties for 4320 steel. Moreover, a fatigue life analysis was performed using fracture mechanics and strain life fatigue theories. Scatter in S-N curves was established computationally by using the lower bound and upper bound in materials properties, residual stress and IGO depth in the input data. The results for fatigue life analysis, using either computational fracture mechanics or strain life theory, agreed reasonably well with the test data. However, the scatter in the fatigue properties of the material and the scatter in residual stress could not fully account for the large scatter in fatigue life. Other factors that might be considered for root causes of the observed large fatigue life scatter were identified and discussed.&lt;/div&gt;
Real-Time Frame-Layer Rate Control for Low Bit Rate Video over the Internet (2004)

SUMMARY A real-time frame-layer rate control algorithm using sliding window method is proposed for low bit rate video coding over the Internet. The proposed rate control method performs bit allocation at the frame level to minimize the average distortion over an entire sequence as well as variations in distortion between frames. A new frame-layer rate-distortion model is derived, and a non-iterative optimization method is used for low computational complexity. In order to reduce the quality fluctuation, we use a sliding window scheme which does not require the pre-analysis process. Therefore, the proposed algorithm does not produce time delay from encoding, and is suitable for real-time low-complexity video encoder. Experimental results indicate that the proposed control method provides better visual and PSNR performance than the existing TMN8 rate control method.
Genetic analysis of expression profile involved in retinoid metabolism in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (2010)

Hyperdynamic state of retinoid metabolism is present in the liver tissues with NAFLD, which may be a putative mechanism by which NAFLD progresses to chronic liver disease including LC.
Novel automatic tuning method of RC filters using a digital-DLL technique (2004)

A novel automatic tuning method for RC filters is proposed for CMOS low-IF transceivers. The method is based on a digital-DLL-like technique and tunes the time constant of filters automatically. The tuning range and the tuning accuracy are analyzed theoretically. To verify the method, a sixth-order 2-MHz IF filter for Bluetooth and a tuning circuit were fabricated in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS. The tuning circuit occupying 0.066 mm/sup 2/ includes only a reference first-order filter, a comparator, and a simple digital circuit. The measurement result of the filter and the tuning circuit shows that the maximum /spl plusmn/28% time-constant variation can be tuned within /spl plusmn/5% accuracy, which is consistent with theoretical results.
Polymerization of diene-containing lipids as liposomes by radical initiators. 4. Effect of lipid packing on the polymerization profile (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of diene-containing lipids as liposomes by radical initiators. 4. Effect of lipid packing on the polymerization profileHiroyuki Ohno, Shinji Takeoka, Hidetaka Iwai, and Eishun TsuchidaCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 2, 319–322Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00180a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00180a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrolytes for lithium batteries (2023)

An electrochemical cell includes a cathode active material, lithium metal, a separator, and an electrolyte including a lithium salt and a fluorinated glycol ether.
Gravitational Wave Test of the Strong Equivalence Principle (2020)

The Strong Equivalence Principle (SEP) holds the full essence and meaning of the General Theory of Relativity as the nonlinear relativistic theory of gravitation. It asserts the universal coupling of gravity to all matter and its interactions including the gravitational interaction and the gravitational self energy. We point out that confirming the gravitational coupling to gravitons, and hence to the gravitational waves, is the direct test of the SEP. We show that the near simultaneous detection of gravitational waves and gamma rays from the merger of binary neutron stars provides a unique and the most precise test of the SEP, better than a part in $10^{9}$, which is also the only test of the SEP in the radiation sector.
Comparison of collisional activation spectra of some positive ions produced both by charge reversal of negative ions and by decomposition of positive ions (1982)

Abstract The charge reversal collision induced decomposition mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrum of allyl anion has been compared with the collision induced dissociation mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrum of allyl cation and found to be identical except for the presence of +2 ions formed by charge stripping in the spectrum of the [C 3 H 5 ] + ion. Likewise, the collision induced dissociation mass analyzed ion kinetic energy charge reversal spectrum of [CH 3 Se] − has been compared with the collision induced dissociation mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrum of [CH 3 Se] + and found to be identical. A study of the pressure dependence of the collision induced dissociation mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrum of [C 3 H 5 ] + and [C 3 H 5 ] − showed increasing fragmentation with increasing collision gas pressure, and suggests that a greater mean number of collisions converts more energy to internal modes in the collision induced dissociation mass analyzed ion kinetic energy experiment even at low pressures.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol to Phenol over Ceria-Supported Iron Catalysts (2020)

Guaiacol, one of the main components and a model compound of lignin-derived bio-oil, was transformed into phenol and methylated phenols over a series of supported iron catalysts under atmospheric pressure. CeO2 support was superior to other conventional supports in view of the activity of supported iron catalysts. The effect of iron loading amount on CeO2 supports showed a linear relationship with an iron loading amount up to 3 wt %, which corresponded to "monolayer" coverage, and then it was almost constant with a further increase of the iron content. The Fe/CeO2 catalyst with 3 wt % iron loading (Fe(3)/CeO2) had higher stability than the catalysts with higher iron loadings. The optimal Fe(3)/CeO2 catalyst showed a 56% phenol yield and an 87% sum yield of phenol and methylated phenols at 673 K under guaiacol/N2/H2 = 1/45/135 flow with W/F = 1.0 g·h·moltotal–1. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance UV–visible (DRUV–vis), Raman, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) characterizations confirmed that the FeOx species were finely dispersed on the Fe/CeO2 catalyst with ≤3 wt % iron, and higher iron loadings led to formation of Fe2O3 particles in calcined catalysts. Although other supported iron catalysts with 3 wt % iron loading also contained dispersed FeOx species, the reducibility of Fe/CeO2 was higher than that of other supported iron catalysts, which might be related to the higher activity. The XAS characterization of spent catalysts showed that the stable Fe(3)/CeO2 catalyst contained only Fe3+ and Fe2+ species during the reaction, while in the Fe(10)/CeO2 catalyst, the reduction of iron proceeded to a greater extent and Fe3C crystals grew during the reaction. The structure of this monolayer Fe(3)/CeO2 was further characterized by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Rather than a two-dimensional Fe oxide sheet, a structure composed of dispersed Fe4O6 clusters is suggested for monolayer coverage. The coordinatively unsaturated site (CUS) in the interface between FeOx and reducible CeO2 is suggested to be the active site.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a New Chiral Selector for TLC Enantiomeric Resolution. (1990)

Abstract The new chiral selector (III) is obtained by the reaction of the bicyclic amino acid (I) with 1‐dodecane epoxide (II).
Selective Low-Energy Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Using Monodisperse Nitrogen-Rich Hollow Carbon Submicron Spheres (2017)

Monodisperse, nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres of submicron size were synthesized using hexamethoxymethylmelamine as both a carbon and nitrogen source in a short (1 h) microwave-assisted synthesis. After carbonization at 550 °C, porous carbon spheres with a remarkably high nitrogen content of 37.1% were obtained, which consisting mainly of highly basic pyridinic moieties. The synthesized hollow spheres exhibited high selectivity for carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) over nitrogen and oxygen gases, with a capture capacity up to 1.56 mmol CO<sub>2</sub> g<sup>-1</sup>. The low adsorption enthalpy of the synthesized hollow carbon spheres permits good adsorbent regeneration. Evaluation of the feasibility of scaling up shows their potential for large-scale applications.
Discovery of Methyl-2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline-4-carboxylate as a Secondary Metabolite from Actinomadura sp. (1997)

In our screening programs for novel antibacterial antibiotics of microbial origin, we found an oxazolinetype antibiotic in the cultural broth of the producing organism, designated MJ502-77F8 and belonging to a rare Actinomycetes group. In this paper, we report on the preliminary taxonomical characteristics of the producing strain, production, isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activity of this antibiotic, herein referred to as antibiotic 1. The producing strain MJ502-77F8 was isolated from a soil sample collected in Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Universal sulfur detection by chemiluminescence (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUniversal sulfur detection by chemiluminescenceRichard L. Benner and Donald H. StedmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 11, 1268–1271Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00186a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00186a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Soft Microscopy Of Macromolecules: Correlative Imaging and Enhancing Contrast (2019)

Journal Article Soft Microscopy Of Macromolecules: Correlative Imaging and Enhancing Contrast Get access Kelly A Parker, Kelly A Parker Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sharan Bobbala, Sharan Bobbala Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Irina V Drachuk, Irina V Drachuk 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Peter A Mirau, Peter A Mirau Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jorge L Chavez, Jorge L Chavez 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lawrence F Drummy, Lawrence F Drummy Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evan A Scott, Evan A Scott Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vinayak P Dravid Vinayak P Dravid Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USANUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Corresponding author: v-dravid@northwestern.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 25, Issue S2, 1 August 2019, Pages 496–497, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619003210 Published: 01 August 2019
Toward the Practical Realisation of Next Generation Audio (2020)

Next-generation audio (NGA) will bring a greater sense of reality to the media experience. It will also allow a range of audio personalization options to the user and ensure that audio production elements can be adapted to the range of NGA coding formats. The purpose of this article is to explain the progress that has been made since the specifications of various elements of practical systems were agreed. They include the approach that would allow a common production arrangement to be used to serve the alternative encoding formats and the trials that have taken place with the alternative formats.
Deep cerebellar stimulation reduces ataxic motor symptoms in the shaker rat (2019)

Low-frequency deep cerebellar stimulation may provide a novel strategy for treating motor symptoms of degenerative cerebellar ataxias. Ann Neurol 2019;85:681-690.
An experimental investigation of bubble clouds as sources of ambient noise (1989)

Collective motions of bubble clouds are experimentally investigated as an ocean ambient noise source. The experiments, performed in a water tank, show that the frequency due to the bubble column resonance depends inversely on the logarithm of the void fraction of the water/bubble mixture. It is also observed that the frequency depends inversely on the volume of the bubble column. These experimental results indicate that the volume resonance of the bubble column is one of the more likely mechanisms for an ocean ambient noise source between 100 and 1000 Hz. [Work supported by ONR and KOSEF (SWY).]
Erratum to: phase 1 clinical trial of HER2-specific immunotherapy with concomitant HER2 kinase inhibtion (2013)

Phase 1 clinical trial of HER2-specific immunotherapy with concomitant HER2 kinase inhibtion' is also incorrect.
Influence of resonances on the Huygens' box method (2013)

The Huygens' box (HB) method of replacing an arbitrary module inside an electronic apparatus with a set of current sources on a closed surface is discussed. A numerical study is performed, with a typical printed circuit board (PCB) representing the module placed inside a tight metallic enclosure. It is observed that the accuracy of the HB method is generally good except at a few resonant frequencies. Even previously proposed correction to the method that consists of including the main features of the module inside HB is not found to be very effective. The traces on the PCB and especially the parallel plate resonator formed by the ground plane of the PCB and the enclosure are identified as causing the resonances. We estimate that it is most likely the narrowband character of the resonances that considerably increases the sensitivity of the HB method toward small differences in the structure.