gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method for Fault Detection in Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management Microgrids, Considering Uncertainties in Network Topology (2017)

The use of solid state transformers (SSTs) in microgrids has created a new kind of network called Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) microgrid. The FREEDM microgrid provides an appropriate means for enhanced energy management, loss reduction, and network flexibility by reducing the number of converters used for a variety of AC-DC links. In this work, we propose a novel method for fault detection in FREEDM microgrids when considering uncertainties in network topology. The proposed method makes use of the Clarke and S-transforms to characterize the transients in three-phase current and voltage waveforms in the event of a fault. The extracted features of the waveforms will be used to form appropriate indices for detection, location, and characterization of the fault. The main feature of the proposed method is its capability to operate in a dynamic microgrid with varying topology. The performance of the proposed method is investigated by applying it to a sample FREEDM microgrid with ring and radial structures. It is shown that the proposed method is well capable of fault detection and diagnosis while being able to differentiate between short-circuit faults and switching transients due to variations in the network topology.
Lipophilic cage ligands containing two tightly connected 1,7-dioxa-4,10-diazacyclododecane rings: synthesis and x-ray structure of a sodium perchlorate complex (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLipophilic cage ligands containing two tightly connected 1,7-dioxa-4,10-diazacyclododecane rings: synthesis and x-ray structure of a sodium perchlorate complexPier Lucio Anelli, Fernando Montanari, Silvio Quici, Gianfranco Ciani, and Angelo SironiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 22, 5292–5298Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00257a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00257a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views585Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The role of promoters on the catalytic performance of MxV2O5 bronzes for the selective partial oxidation of H2S (2022)

Metal-containing vanadium oxide bronzes (MxV2O5; M= Cu, Ag and Ca) have been prepared, characterized (before and after reaction) by various physicochemical techniques, and tested in the partial oxidation of H2S. The catalysts were prepared hydrothermally at 175 °C (from gels containing M/V molar ratios of 0.17 or 0.33) and heat-treated at 500 °C/2 h in N2. The most effective catalysts, showing a sulfur selectivity greater than 95 % for a H2S conversion beyond 90 %, were those presenting vanadium oxide bronze (β-Cu0.261V2O5 or Ag0.333V2O5) as the main crystalline phase. Cu- and Ag-containing vanadium oxide bronzes were stable under reaction conditions. For calcium containing materials (mainly presenting the Ca0.17V2O5 bronze phase), the formation of CaSO4 has been observed during the reaction, which resulted in a negative effect on both activity and selectivity. The nature of active and selective sites in this type of catalysts, as well as the role of promoters, are also discussed.
Z-Scan Study of Nonlinear Optical Coupling of PtO_x and Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 of the Near-Field Optical Recording Structure (2005)

Strong local nonlinear optical coupling properties of a sandwiched 5 nm PtOx thin film by two sandwiched Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change structures of a new type super-resolution near-field optical disk are investigated and observed by Z-scan experiments.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Heat Transport in Silicon Nano-structures Covered with Oxide Films (2010)

We perform a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the heat transport in Si nano-structures, while explicitly including oxide cover layers in the simulation system for the first time. The dependences of thermal diffusion velocity on the thicknesses of the SiO 2 film and Si lattice are investigated. The results show that thermal diffusion velocity decreases with Si lattice thickness and does not depend on SiO 2 film thickness.
Pairwise versus transitive inverse consistent longitudinal rigid registration of magnetic resonance images of athletes with repetitive non-concussive head injuries: effects on regional distributions of diffusion measures (2022)

Accurate alignment of longitudinal diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) scans of a subject is necessary to investigate longitudinal changes in DWI-derived diffusion measures such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and quantitative anisotropy (QA). Currently, studies investigating these changes in the context of repetitive non-concussive head injuries (RHIs) perform pairwise rigid registration of all scans of a subject to the first scan or any other reference scan or template. Prajapati <i>et</i>.<i>al</i> <sup>1</sup> show that this strategy of performing pairwise rigid registration lead to a discrepancy in the rigid transformations. To eliminate this discrepancy, they propose performing transitive inverse consistent rigid registration of the longitudinal scans, and they analyze the impact of this approach on the mean values of the local/regional estimates of these diffusion measures. In this work, we further analyze the impact of transitive inverse consistent rigid registration on the distributions (CDFs) of the local/regional estimates of diffusion measures. We identify the regions (among the 48 anatomically defined regions by the JHU DTI-based white matter atlas<sup>2,3</sup>) that show significant differences in the CDFs obtained using pairwise inverse consistent and transitive inverse consistent rigid registration by performing the two sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov(KS) hypothesis test. We find that for MD and QA, there are certain subjects that have five or more regions with significant differences in the CDFs. Further, these are the same subjects for which Prajapati <i>et</i>.<i>al</i> <sup>1</sup> found regions with 2%-4% differences in the mean values of these diffusion measures. Thus, our results further strengthen the recommendation made by Prajapati <i>et</i>.<i>al</i> <sup>1</sup> to employ transitive inverse consistent rigid registration when investigating local/regional longitudinal changes in diffusion measures.
Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through NATs (2002)

By submitting this Internet-Draft, I certify that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which I am aware have been disclosed, and any of which I become aware will be disclosed, in accordance with RFC 3668. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as &amp;quot;work in progress.&amp;quot; The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
Flat-topped emission centred at 1 250 nm from quantum dot superluminescent diodes (2010)

We present a method for tailoring a broadband and flat-topped emission spectrum in quantum dot superluminescent diodes based upon modification of the dots-in-compositionally-modulated-well (DCMWELL) technique. We demonstrate flat-topped emission with 95 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM), centred at 1 250 nm, and with output power in excess of 8 mW.
Clostridium difficileinfection: molecular pathogenesis and novel therapeutics (2014)

The Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Clostridium difficile produces toxins A and B, which can cause a spectrum of diseases from pseudomembranous colitis to C. difficile-associated diarrhea. A limited number of C. difficile strains also produce a binary toxin that exhibits ADP ribosyltransferase activity. Here, the structure and the mechanism of action of these toxins as well as their role in disease are reviewed. Nosocomial C. difficile infection is often contracted in hospital when patients treated with antibiotics suffer a disturbance in normal gut microflora. C. difficile spores can persist on dry, inanimate surface for months. Metronidazole and oral vancomycin are clinically used for treatment of C. difficile infection but clinical failure and concern about promotion of resistance are motivating the search for novel non-antibiotic therapeutics. Methods for controlling both toxins and spores, replacing gut microflora by probiotics or fecal transplant, and killing bacteria in the anaerobic gut by photodynamic therapy are discussed.
Properties of optimal resource sharing in a delay channel (2004)

In this paper we consider the problem of allocating bandwidth/server to two user transmitters/queues with arbitrary arrival processes, to minimize the total expected holding cost of backlogged packets in the system over a finite horizon. However, the queue backlog information is delayed due to communication delay in the channel. In addition, the bandwidth allocation is done in batches, so that a queue can be assigned any number of slots not exceeding the total number in a batch. This problem is motivated by channel allocation in a communication system involving large propagation delay, e.g., a typical satellite data communication scenario. Our principal interest in this paper is to investigate whether the optimal assignment of a batch of slots can be achieved by sequentially using a strategy that is optimal in assigning a single slot, which is typically much easier to find. In this paper we show that if the cost c(x), as a function of the packet backlog x in the system, is non-decreasing, supermodular and superconvex, then (1) the value function at each time slot will also satisfy these properties; (2) the optimal policy for assigning a single slot is of the threshold type; and (3) optimally allocating M slots at a time can be achieved by repeatedly using a policy that assigns each slot optimally given the previous allocations.
Posttranslational Processing of Human and Mouse Urocortin 2: Characterization and Bioactivity of Gene Products (2013)

Mouse (m) and human (h) urocortin 2 (Ucn 2) were identified by molecular cloning strategies and the primary sequence of their mature forms postulated by analogy to closely related members of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family. Because of the paucity of Ucn 2 proteins in native tissues, skin, muscle, and pancreatic cell lines were transduced with lentiviral constructs and secretion media were used to isolate and characterize Ucn 2 products and study processing. Primary structures were assigned using a combination of Edman degradation sequencing and mass spectrometry. For mUcn 2, transduced cells secreted a 39 amino acid peptide and the glycosylated prohormone lacking signal peptide; both forms were C-terminally amidated and highly potent to activate the type 2 CRF receptor. Chromatographic profiles of murine tissue extracts were consistent with cleavage of mUcn 2 prohormone to a peptidic form. By contrast to mUcn 2, mammalian cell lines transduced with hUcn 2 constructs secreted significant amounts of an 88 amino acid glycosylated hUcn 2 prohormone but were unable to further process this molecule. Similarly, WM-266-4 melanoma cells that express endogenous hUcn 2 secreted only the glycosylated prohormone lacking the signal peptide and unmodified at the C terminus. Although not amidated, hUcn 2 prohormone purified from overexpressing lines activated CRF receptor 2. Hypoxia and glycosylation, paradigms that might influence secretion or processing of gene products, did not significantly impact hUcn 2 prohormone cleavage. Our findings identify probable Ucn 2 processing products and should expedite the characterization of these proteins in mammalian tissues.
Preparation of Highly Reactive Lithium Metal Dendrites for the Synthesis of Organolithium Reagents (2022)

A long-standing problem in the area of organolithium chemistry has been the need for a highly reactive Li–metal source that mimics Li–powders but has the advantage of being freshly prepared from inexpensive and readily available Li–sources. Here we report a simple and convenient activation method using liquid ammonia that furnishes a new Li–metal source in the form of crystalline Li–dendrites. The Li–dendrites were shown to have ca 100 times greater surface area than conventional Li–sources created by prototypical mechanical activation methods. Concomitant with the surface area increase, the Li–dendrites are 19 times more reactive than Li–powders which are currently the industry standard for the preparation of organolithium compounds. These features were leveraged for the reproducible synthesis of organolithium reagents over a range of common laboratory scales.
Pathway enzyme engineering for flavonoid production in recombinant microbes (2019)

Metabolic engineering of microbial strains for the production of flavonoids of industrial interest has attracted great attention due to its promising advantages over traditional extraction approaches, such as independence of plantation, facile downstream separation, and ease of process and quality control. However, most of the constructed microbial production systems suffer from low production titers, low yields and low productivities, restricting their commercial applications. One important reason of the inefficient production is that the expression conditions and the detailed functions of the flavonoid pathway enzymes are not well understood. In this review, we have collected the biochemical properties, structural details, and genetic information of the enzymes in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway as a guide for the expression and analysis of these enzymes in microbial systems. Additionally, we have summarized the engineering approaches used in improving the performances of these enzymes in recombinant microorganisms. Major challenges and future directions on the flavonoid pathway are also discussed.
Low Complexity Iterative Algorithms for Power Estimation in Ultra-Dense Load Coupled Networks (2016)

This study investigates the interplay between load and power in load coupled interference networks. In more detail, the first objective of this study is to derive a positive concave mapping having as its fixed point the power allocation inducing a desired network load. Knowledge of this mapping is important for many theoretical and practical reasons. First, it opens up the possibility of applying many existing algorithms to compute the power inducing a desired load, which is an estimation problem typically used to obtain energy efficient network configurations. With the results in this study, systems designers can now select an algorithm based on practical considerations such as the computational complexity, memory requirements, and convergence speed. In particular, we show that algorithms based on simple fixed point iterations already have many advantages over the previously only known method for the power estimation problem. Second, knowledge of specific properties of the mapping, such as concavity, enables us to use standard tools in convex analysis to analyze the network, and it may also give rise to novel optimization tools for self-organizing networks. The second main objective of this study is the development of a truly distributed algorithm for power estimation in real networks. This algorithm uses only information that is readily available at base stations, and it does not require any additional signaling overhead. These two characteristics make the proposed algorithm especially useful in ultra-dense wireless networks, one of the main visions for 5G networks.
β-Lactam Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacterial Pathogens of the Upper Respiratory Tract: A Brief Overview of Mechanisms (1995)

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group A Streptococci are frequent colonizers and major causative agents of disease in the upper respiratory tract of humans. In spite of the immense and common selective pressure of beta-lactam antibiotics against both of these bacterial species during the last four to five decades, penicillin-resistant strains of group A streptococci have not been described in the clinical literature as of 1994. This is particularly puzzling since penicillin-resistant mutants of this bacterium have been isolated repeatedly in the laboratory and such mutants carry altered penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) with reduced drug affinities, i.e., a basic mechanism identical to the one seen in penicillin-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae that have emerged in large numbers and at numerous locations and have spread explosively all over the globe by the beginning of the 1990s. The reasons for this contrasting situation are not clear. In Streptococcus pneumoniae the resistance mechanism to penicillin appears to originate in recombinational events between ancestral pneumococcal cells and as yet unidentified extra species DNA donors and probably involves the process of genetic transformation for which this bacterium has a remarkable hormonally controlled mechanism. The integration of foreign DNA sequences in the pneumococcal PBP genes leads to the remodeling of at least four of the five PBPs that change in their kinetic properties and increase in the penicillin resistance level of the bacteria also seems to involve increased production of the low-affinity binding proteins.
43- and 50-Mp High-Performance Interline CCD Image Sensors (2019)

This paper describes the design and performance of two new high-resolution interline charge-coupled device image sensors for use in industrial, machine vision, and aerial photography applications. These sensors feature 4.5-μm pixels, 4 outputs, fast dump gate, horizontal lateral overflow drain and vertical electronic shutter. The 43-Mp sensor has a 35-mm optical format and the 50-Mp sensor has a larger format with a 2.175:1 aspect ratio that matches many modern mobile phone displays. This paper discusses the challenges and solutions to manufacture such large sensors with superior image quality such as uniformity, read noise, dark current, smear, transfer gate blooming, lag and so on.
DISTRIBUTION OF 3H MORPHINE FOLLOWING LUMBAR SUBARACHNOID ADMINISTRATION IN RABBITS (1987)

Wang, B C MD; Hiller, J M PhD; Holland, M J PhD; Simon, E J PhD; Hillman, D E PhD; Turndorf, H M.D. Author Information
Pervaporation et condensation etagee. Application a l'extraction de composes d'arome (1997)

Le but du present travail est l'etude de l'influence des parametres operatoires dans le circuit de permeat sur la recuperation du permeat lors de la pervaporation de composes d'arome. Les mecanismes elementaires qui conditionnent le transport du permeat depuis la face amont de la membrane jusqu'a l'etape de condensation ont d'abord ete identifies. Il ainsi ete montre que la presence de gaz inertes dans le circuit de permeat pouvait conduire a l'entrainement d'une fraction significative du permeat hors du condenseur. Differents membranes organophiles commerciales ont ensuite ete caracterisees au contact de melanges modeles aqueux contenant des composes d'arome presentant un large eventail de polarites et de volatilites. L'affinite des membranes pour les composes testes a ete decrite grace au calcul de coefficients de transfert transmembranaire. Il a ete montre que le phenomene de sorption-diffusion constituait le mecanisme limitant de transfert a travers la membrane pour les composes organiques tres volatiles en solution aqueuse. A l'oppose, l'etape de desorption en face aval de la membrane constitue la resistance majeure aux composes organiques de masse moleculaire elevee (-decalactone). Les membranes commerciales se sont revelees reellement efficaces pour l'extraction des composes hydrophobes, tels que les composes soufres. Enfin, cherchant a ameliorer la selectivite globale de l'operation de pervaporation, le couplage pervaporation + condensation bietagee a ete etudiee sur des melanges binaires et ternaires. Dans le cas d'un melange d'alimentation contenant des composes organiques hydrophobes dilues ou hydrophiles concentres, le fractionnement est regi uniquement par l'equilibre liquide-vapeur dans le premier condenseur. Dans certains cas, l'entrainement par le gaz inertes peut egalement conduire a un fractionnement selectif du permeat entre les deux condenseurs.
Observation of B[subscript s][superscript 0] → [¯ over D][superscript * 0]ϕ and Search for B[superscript 0 ]→ [¯ over D]{superscript 0]ϕ Decays (2018)

The first observation of the B[subscript s][superscript 0] → [¯ over D][superscript * 0]ϕ decay is reported, with a significance of more than seven standard deviations, from an analysis of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb[superscript -1], collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The branching fraction is measured relative to that of the topologically similar decay B[superscript 0]→[¯ over D][superscript 0]π[superscript +]π[superscript -] and is found to be B(B[subscript s][superscript 0]→[¯ D][superscript *0]ϕ)=(3.7±0.5±0.3±0.2)×10[superscript -5], where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of the B[superscript 0]→[¯ over D][superscript 0]π[superscript +]π[superscript -] decay. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in this decay is measured to be f[subscript L]=(73±15±4)%. The most precise determination of the branching fraction for the B[subscript s][superscript 0]→[¯ over D][superscript 0]ϕ decay is also obtained, B(B[subscript s][superscript 0]→[¯ over D][superscript 0]ϕ)=(3.0±0.3±0.2±0.2)×10[superscript -5]. An upper limit, B(B[superscript 0]→[¯ over D][superscript 0]ϕ)<2.0 (2.3)×10[superscript -6}] at 90% (95%) confidence level is set. A constraint on the ω-ϕ mixing angle δ is set at |δ|<5.2° (5.5°) at 90% (95%) confidence level.
Monolithic integration of germanium-on-insulator p-i-n photodetector on silicon (2015)

A germanium-on-insulator (GOI) p-i-n photodetector, monolithically integrated on a silicon (Si) substrate, is demonstrated. GOI is formed by lateral-overgrowth (LAT-OVG) of Ge on silicon dioxide (SiO(2)) through windows etched in SiO(2) on Si. The photodetector shows excellent diode characteristics with high on/off ratio (6 × 10(4)), low dark current, and flat reverse current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. Enhanced light absorption up to 1550 nm is observed due to the residual biaxial tensile strain induced during the epitaxial growth of Ge caused by cooling after the deposition. This truly Si-compatible Ge photodetector using monolithic integration enables new opportunities for high-performance GOI based photonic devices on Si platform.