gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Copper Birnessite, CuxMnOy·nH2O with Crystallite Size Control: Impact of Crystallite Size on Electrochemistry (2015)

This report describes the first detailed electrochemical examination of a series of copper birnessite samples under lithium-based battery conditions, allowing a structure/function analysis of the electrochemistry and related material properties. To obtain the series of copper birnessite samples, a novel synthetic approach for the preparation of copper birnessite, Cu<sub>x</sub>MnO<sub>y</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O is reported. The copper content (x) in Cu<sub>x</sub>MnO<sub>y</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O, 0.28 >= x >= 0.20, was inversely proportional to crystallite size, which ranged from 12 to 19 nm. The electrochemistry under lithium-based battery conditions showed that the higher copper content (x = 0.28) and small crystallite size (similar to 12 nm) sample delivered similar to 194 mAh/g, about 20% higher capacity than the low copper content (x = 0.22) and larger crystallite size (similar to 19 nm) material. In addition, Cu<sub>x</sub>MnO<sub>y</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O displays quasi-reversible electrochemistry in magnesium based electrolytes, indicating that copper birnessite could be a candidate for future application in magnesium-ion batteries.
Synovial Fluid Cell Count for Diagnosis of Chronic Periprosthetic Hip Infection (2017)

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The VTI1A-TCF4 colon cancer fusion protein is a dominant negative regulator of Wnt signaling and is transcriptionally regulated by intestinal homeodomain factor CDX2 (2018)

Sequencing of primary colorectal tumors has identified a gene fusion in approximately 3% of colorectal cancer patients of the VTI1A and TCF7L2 genes, encoding a VTI1A-TCF4 fusion protein containing a truncated TCF4. As dysregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is associated with colorectal cancer development and progression, the functional properties and transcriptional regulation of the VTI1A-TCF4 fusion protein may also play a role in these processes. Functional characteristics of the VTI1A-TCF4 fusion protein in Wnt signaling were analyzed in NCI-H508 and LS174T colon cancer cell lines. The NCI-H508 cell line, containing the VTI1A-TCF7L2 fusion gene, showed no active Wnt signaling, and overexpression of the VTI1A-TCF4 fusion protein in LS174T cells along with a Wnt signaling luciferase reporter plasmid showed inhibition of activity. The transcriptional regulation of the VTI1A-TCF4 fusion gene was investigated in LS174T cells where the activity of the VTI1A promoter was compared to that of the TCF7L2 promoter, and the transcription factor CDX2 was analyzed for gene regulatory activity of the VTI1A promoter through luciferase reporter gene assay using colon cancer cell lines as a model. Transfection of LS174T cells showed that the VTI1A promoter is highly active compared to the TCF7L2 promoter, and that CDX2 activates transcription of VTI1A. These results suggest that the VTI1A-TCF4 fusion protein is a dominant negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, and that transcription of VTI1A is activated by CDX2.
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Patients With Vestibular Migraine (2014)

Objective Literature investigating otolith reflexes in patients with vestibular migraine (VM) is variable and primarily describes the descending saccular pathway. This research aimed to study ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) prevalence and response characteristics in patients with suspected VM and in control patients. The purpose is to assess vulnerabilities within the ascending utricular and descending saccular pathways in the VM population. Study Design Retrospective study Setting Tertiary academic referral center Patients 39 adults with VM, 29 control patients Main Outcome Measure(s) Air conducted oVEMPs and cVEMPs measured with 500 Hz tone burst stimuli Results Age of headache onset was most often in childhood or adolescence, with dizziness onset occurring later. The rate of bilaterally absent oVEMPs was significantly higher (28%, p < 0.01) in the VM group compared with the control group (0%). oVEMP amplitude asymmetry ratios were significantly higher for the definite VM (p < 0.01) and probable VM (p = 0.023) groups than the control group. Eleven patients also had history of concussion; they were significantly more likely to demonstrate bilaterally absent oVEMPs (p < 0.01) in comparison to the control patients. When VM patients with a history of concussion were omitted from analysis, differences in oVEMP amplitude asymmetry (p < 0.01) and bilateral oVEMP absence remained significant (p = 0.015). There were no differences in the rate of bilateral cVEMP presence or response parameters between VM and control groups. Conclusion VEMP presentation differs for some patients diagnosed with VM. The higher rates of abnormal oVEMPs may suggest greater vulnerability within the ascending utricular–ocular pathway in patients with VM.
Impact of microbiota on breast cancer hormone therapy (2023)

Recent observations indicate that the pathogenesis and prognosis of hormone-receptor breast cancer is not only dictated by the properties of the malignant cells but also by immune and microbial parameters. Thus, the immunosurveillance system retards the development of hormone-positive breast cancer and contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of estrogen receptor antagonists and aromatase inhibitors. Moreover, the anticancer immune response is profoundly modulated by the local and intestinal microbiota, which influences cancer cell-intrinsic signaling pathways, affects the composition and function of the immune infiltrate present in the tumor microenvironment and modulates the metabolism of estrogens. Indeed, specific bacteria in the gut produce enzymes that affect the enterohepatic cycle of estrogen metabolites, convert estrogens into androgens or generate estrogen-like molecules. The knowledge of these circuitries is in its infancy, calling for further in-depth analyses.
Modeling of gain in advanced CMOS technologies (2008)

L and ∆W extraction The impressive downscaling of CMOS technology and its more and more massive introduction in System-on-Chip (SoC) oriented applications require a modeling approach able to describe new physical effects paying attention to such different environments (digital and analog) coexisting in a single technological platform for SoC. In particular, in this paper we deep insight the modeling of gain, a key parameter ruling the analog performances in relation with their layout dependence affected by the shallow trench isolation (STI) induced mechanical stress. Both n- and p- channel have been investigated as a function of temperature. The W scaling modeling has been dealt with for the first time. A 90 nm CMOS advanced technology for Embedded Flash applications has been characterized.
Transcatheter Left Ventricular Restoration in Patients With Heart Failure (2023)

In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction without significant mitral regurgitation receiving optimal medical therapy, the AccuCinch System resulted in decreases of LV volume, as well as improved quality of life and exercise endurance. A randomized trial is ongoing (NCT04331769).
<title>Shared remote control of a video conferencing application: motivation, design, and implementation</title> (1998)

Most conferencing systems are focused on facilitating one of two types of meetings: those in a single room, consisting entirely of collocated participants, or those with isolated individuals at different physical locations. Our experiences are of a third style: hybrid meetings consisting of both collocated groups and isolated participants. We illustrate the limitations of using an existing desktop-based tools in the shared meeting room portion of this hybrid meeting style, and propose adding a software control substrate matched to the specifics of the application to address the inadequacies. We derive requirements for the in-room applications, and, as a concrete example from the domain, describe the design and implementation of an application for manipulation of in-room shared video display. Our design employs a user interface split across multiple physical devices paired with a control protocol managing communication between them. The client portion runs on wirelessly-connected portable devices (laptops and 3Com Palm Pilots) and supports per-user input; the server portion handles presentation of shared output on a video monitor. Our design is optimized for meeting room use in three ways: simplified operation to reduce demands on attention, support for remote control, and support for access by multiple simultaneous users.
Monitoring and Characterization of Miscellaneous Electrical Loads in a Large Retail Environment (2014)

Buildings account for 40% of primary energy consumption in the United States (residential 22%; commercial 18%). Most (70% residential and 79% commercial) is used as electricity. Thus, almost 30% of U.S. primary energy is used to provide electricity to buildings. Plug loads play an increasingly critical role in reducing energy use in new buildings (because of their increased efficiency requirements), and in existing buildings (as a significant energy savings opportunity). If all installed commercial building miscellaneous electrical loads (CMELs) were replaced with energy-efficient equipment, a potential annual energy saving of 175 TWh, or 35% of the 504 TWh annual energy use devoted to MELs, could be achieved. This energy saving is equivalent to the annual energy production of 14 average-sized nuclear power plants. To meet DOE's long-term goals of reducing commercial building energy use and carbon emissions, the energy efficiency community must better understand the components and drivers of CMEL energy use, and develop effective reduction strategies. These goals can be facilitated through improved data collection and monitoring methodologies, and evaluation of CMELs energy-saving techniques.
Addition of Bevacizumab to Preoperative Chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases Does Not Increase Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality (2014)

Neoadjuvant administration of bevacizumab was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications after hepatic resection and did not affect the liver's functional recovery. Patients receiving more than eight cycles of bevacizumab are at an increased risk to develop perioperative complications.
Mechanical rigidity of a shape-memory metal–organic framework increases by crystal downsizing (2020)

Soft porous nanocrystals with a pronounced shape-memory effect exhibit two- to three-fold increase in elastic modulus compared to the microcrystalline counterpart as determined by atomic force microscopy nanoindentation. The increase in rigidity is consistent with the known shape-memory effect displayed by the framework solid at the nanoscale. Crystal downsizing can offer new avenues for tailoring the mechanical properties of metal-organic frameworks.
Investigating 3,3-Diaryloxetanes as Potential Bioisosteres in Drug Discovery (2021)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oxetanes have received increasing interest in medicinal chemistry as attractive polar and low molecular weight motifs. The application of oxetanes as replacements for methylene, methyl, gem-dimethyl and carbonyl groups has been demonstrated to often improve chemical properties of target molecules for drug discovery purposes. The investigation of the properties of 3,3-diaryloxetanes, particularly of interest as a benzophenone replacement, remains largely unexplored. With recent synthetic advances in accessing this motif we studied the effects of 3,3-diaryloxetanes on the physicochemical properties of ‘drug-like’ molecules. Here, we describe our efforts in the design and synthesis of a range of drug-like compounds for matched molecular pair analysis to investigate the viability of the 3,3-diaryloxetane motif as a replacement group in drug discovery. We conclude that the properties of the diaryloxetanes and ketones are similar, and generally superior to related alkyl linkers, and that diaryloxetanes provide a potentially useful new design element.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Structural mechanisms for α-conotoxin activity at the human α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (2017)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are therapeutic targets for a range of human diseases. α-Conotoxins are naturally occurring peptide antagonists of nAChRs that have been used as pharmacological probes and investigated as drug leads for nAChR related disorders. However, α-conotoxin interactions have been mostly characterised at the α7 and α3β2 nAChRs, with interactions at other subtypes poorly understood. This study provides novel structural insights into the molecular basis for α-conotoxin activity at α3β4 nAChR, a therapeutic target where subtype specific antagonists have potential to treat nicotine addiction and lung cancer. A co-crystal structure of α-conotoxin LsIA with Lymnaea stagnalis acetylcholine binding protein guided the design and functional characterisations of LsIA analogues that identified the minimum pharmacophore regulating α3β4 antagonism. Interactions of the LsIA R10F with β4 K57 and the conserved -NN- α-conotoxin motif with β4 I77 and I109 conferred α3β4 activity to the otherwise inactive LsIA. Using these structural insights, we designed LsIA analogues with α3β4 activity. This new understanding of the structural basis of protein-protein interactions between α-conotoxins and α3β4 may help rationally guide the development of α3β4 selective antagonists with therapeutic potential.
The base excision repair enzyme MED1 mediates DNA damage response to antitumor drugs and is associated with mismatch repair system integrity (2003)

Cytotoxicity of methylating agents is caused mostly by methylation of the O6 position of guanine in DNA to form O6-methylguanine (O6-meG). O6-meG can direct misincorporation of thymine during replication, generating O6-meG:T mismatches. Recognition of these mispairs by the mismatch repair (MMR) system leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. MMR also modulates sensitivity to other antitumor drugs. The base excision repair (BER) enzyme MED1 (also known as MBD4) interacts with the MMR protein MLH1. MED1 was found to exhibit thymine glycosylase activity on O6-meG:T mismatches. To examine the biological significance of this activity, we generated mice with targeted inactivation of the Med1 gene and prepared mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) with different Med1 genotype. Unlike wild-type and heterozygous cultures, Med1-/- MEF failed to undergo G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis upon treatment with the methylating agent N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Similar results were obtained with platinum compounds' 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan. As is the case with MMR-defective cells, resistance of Med1-/- MEF to MNNG was due to a tolerance mechanism because DNA damage accumulated but did not elicit checkpoint activation. Interestingly, steady state amounts of several MMR proteins are reduced in Med1-/- MEF, in comparison with Med1+/+ and Med1+/- MEF. We conclude that MED1 has an additional role in DNA damage response to antitumor agents and is associated with integrity of the MMR system. MED1 defects (much like MMR defects) may impair cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by DNA damage.
Chemography and phylogeny – navigating chemical and evolutionary space (2006)

Natural products are, in one respect, forming a mirror image of evolutionary processes, as pointed out already by Abbot [1]. In recent years approaches have been made resulting in e.g. consistent mapping devices for the drug-related chemical space, such as ChemGPS [2, 3]. Observations made employing this device [3] triggered the development of a device tuned for the biologically relevant sectors of chemical space, ChemGPS-NP [4].
Stealing cycles: Can we get along? (2002)

The exploitation of networked workstations as a set of under-utilized computational resources is an attractive idea for cost-effective parallel computing. The use of these resources, however, raises a number of interesting policy and performance questions (e.g. what impact will a parallel application have on the normal workstation user, what performance levels can be expected when many users are logged on?). We present performance models for parallel computations executing on shared, networked workstations that can help to address these questions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
S1140 Gender and ERCP Complications: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database Analysis (2022)

Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can involve a variety of complications including pancreatitis, hemorrhage, and cholangitis. Some studies have identified female gender as a risk factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis, cholangitis, and overall complications, however other studies have shown contradictory results. Given these discrepancies, we evaluated gender as a risk factor for post-ERCP complications using the National Inpatient Sample database. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was used to identify hospitalized patients over 18 years old who had an ERCP procedure between 2007 - 2017 using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Patients were divided into two groups: males (726,352 [40.1%]) or females (1,084,048 [59.9%]), as defined by NIS as “indicator of sex”. Patients were matched by age, race, and by Elixhauser comorbidity index. Primary outcomes were rates of post-ERCP pancreatitis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, infection, hemorrhage, and perforation. Chi-squared tests were used to compare categorical data and multivariate analyses were performed to assess primary outcomes. Results: There were 1,810,400 patients hospitalized from 2007-2017 who underwent an ERCP procedure, of which 1,084,048 (59.9%) were female and 726,352 (40.1%) were male. Primary outcomes were significant for increased odds ratio of post-ERCP pancreatitis (OR 1.2, p< 0.001) and decreased odds ratio of post-ERCP cholangitis (OR 0.7, p< 0.001), cholecystitis (OR 0.4, p< 0.001), infection (OR 0.7, p< 0.001), and hemorrhage (OR 0.6, p< 0.001) in females compared to males. No significant difference was found between men and women for post-ERCP perforation. Conclusion: Although there are differences in the effects of gender on post-ERCP complications in the literature, the mechanisms causing these effects are not known. Women are known to have higher risks for biliary stones and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction which can further increase the odds of post-ERCP pancreatitis. We postulate that the decreased rates of cholangitis, cholecystitis, infection, and hemorrhage in women compared to men could be from an anatomical variation in the biliary tree that is gender specific. Therefore, endoscopists should further explore and consider this possibility when performing ERCPs. Table 1. - Clinical Outcomes in Females and Males who underwent ERCP p value Odds Ratio Confidence Interval Post-ERCP Pancreatitis < 0.001 1.2 1.1-1.3 Post-ERCP Cholangitis < 0.001 0.7 0.7-0.8 Post-ERCP Cholecystitis < 0.001 0.4 0.4-0.5 Post-ERCP Infection < 0.001 0.7 0.7-0.7 Post-ERCP Hemorrhage < 0.001 0.6 0.5-0.7 Post-ERCP Perforation 0.304 1.1 1.0-1.2
DETECTION OF INCLINED CRACKS INSIDE CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY ULTRASONIC SAFT (2008)

Detection of internal defects in concrete structures is a difficult task as these anomalies are not always observable at the surface, yet have the potential to expand and damage the structure. The focus of this work is to locate and characterize inclined cracks inside a concrete mass which is essential in monitoring the integrity of many civil structures. For this purpose, three concrete slabs were constructed each having a different sub‐horizontal crack. To obtain high resolution images of the concrete interior, an extension of the ultrasonic technique known as SAFT is used. SAFT has shown great potential to produce detailed 3D images of tendon ducts, holes and flaws inside concrete structures. The results of this study show that cracks with angles varying from 5 to 15 degrees can be accurately located inside a concrete slab having a thickness of up to 200 mm.
Yersinia enterocolitica: A REVIEW OF THE PSYCHROTROPHIC WATER AND FOODBORNE PATHOGEN (1979)

ABSTRACT Infection in humans may be caused by Yersinia enterocolitica. Several foodborne outbreaks implicating this microorganism have been documented. Y. enterocolitica was shown to be the causitive agent of a foodborne disease outbreak in school children in upstate New York. Gastroenteritis and pseudoappendicitis were the predominant symptoms in this outbreak. It is hypothesized that the organism may be transmitted directly or indirectly to foods and water through fecal contamination or by the urine of a carrier animal. Swine have been shown to be the species most consistently harboring serotypes of Y. enterocolitica implicated in enteritis. The etiology of Y. enterocolitica diseases and infection and the most current isolation methodology is also reviewed. The distinguishing characteristics of this microorganism are its psychrotrophic growth capabilities, motility at 25°C, nonmotility at 37°C negative phenylalanine deaminase, and positive urease activity. Controversy exists regarding classification of‘the species: whether the species belongs within the genus Yersinia and if the species should be further subdivided according to invasiveness and other biochemical distinctions are considered in this review.
A New Environment‐Sensitive Fluorescent Amino Acid for Fmoc‐Based Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Channel estimation for multirate DS-CDMA systems (2002)

The problem of channel estimation for multiple data rate direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems is addressed. The derived algorithms are suitable for both variable chipping rate and/or variable spreading multirate systems. Furthermore, methods for uplink and downlink channel estimation are investigated. It is observed that direct exploitation of the multirate nature of the signal yields improved performance. The algorithms are evaluated via simulation.
Permanent Coronary Artery Occlusion: Cardiovascular MR Imaging Is Platform for Percutaneous Transendocardial Delivery and Assessment of Gene Therapy in Canine Model (2008)

The validity of plasmid VEGF gene delivered with MR fluoroscopic guidance into occlusive infarction was confirmed by neovascularization associated with improved perfusion, LV function, and infarct resorption.
Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) Deployment Considerations (2016)

Many Internet applications are used to access resources such as pieces of information or server processes that are available in several equivalent replicas on different hosts. This includes, but is not limited to, peer-to-peer file sharing applications. The goal of Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) is to provide guidance to applications that have to select one or several hosts from a set of candidates capable of providing a desired resource. This memo discusses deployment-related issues of ALTO. It addresses different use cases of ALTO such as peer-to-peer file sharing and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and presents corresponding examples. The document also includes recommendations for network administrators and application designers planning to deploy ALTO, such as recommendations on how to generate ALTO map information.