gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Attomole-Level Multiplexed Detection of Neurochemicals in Picoliter Droplets by On-Chip Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to Mass Spectrometry (2022)

While droplet microfluidics is becoming an effective tool for biomedical research, sensitive detection of droplet content is still challenging, especially for multiplexed analytes compartmentalized within ultrasmall droplets down to picoliter volumes. To enable such measurements, we demonstrate a silicon-based integrated microfluidic platform for multiplexed analysis of neurochemicals in picoliter droplets via nanoelectrospray ionization (nESI)-mass spectrometry (MS). An integrated silicon microfluidic chip comprising downscaled 7 μm-radius channels, a compact T-junction for droplet generation, and an integrated nESI emitter tip is used for segmentation of analytes into picoliter compartments and their efficient delivery for subsequent MS detection. The developed system demonstrates effective detection of multiple neurochemicals encapsulated within oil-isolated plugs down to low picoliter volumes. Quantitative measurements for each neurochemical demonstrate limits of detection at the attomole level. Such results are promising for applications involving label-free and small-volume detection for monitoring a range of brain chemicals.
Determination of pole figure coverage for texture measurements with neutron time-of-flight diffractometers (2018)

The coverage of a given diffraction instrument as a percentage of the area 2π of a pole figure hemisphere is a crucial parameter of each diffraction instrument used for texture or strain pole figure determination. On the basis of this knowledge, the number of rotations and rotation angles for a full determination of the orientation distribution function can be optimized. However, the determination of this quantity is non-trivial. This paper presents a method that projects a given detector coverage into pole figure space, i.e. outlines the detector areas in a pole figure, and then determines the fraction of the entire 2π pole figure hemisphere around the sample that is covered. The freely available Generic Mapping Tools ( GMT ) and ImageJ are utilized for this quantification. With this method, it is shown that the empirically determined rotation angles for the HIPPO neutron time-of-flight diffractometer are close to optimal for a set of three rotations.
Epidemiology, Treatment, and Performance-Based Outcomes in American Professional Baseball Players With Symptomatic Spondylolysis and Isthmic Spondylolisthesis (2020)

Lumbar pars defects were a common cause of low back pain in American professional baseball players. The vast majority of affected athletes were able to return to competition without demonstrating a significant decline in baseball performance.
Modulators of 14-3-3 Protein–Protein Interactions (2017)

Direct interactions between proteins are essential for the regulation of their functions in biological pathways. Targeting the complex network of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) has now been widely recognized as an attractive means to therapeutically intervene in disease states. Even though this is a challenging endeavor and PPIs have long been regarded as "undruggable" targets, the last two decades have seen an increasing number of successful examples of PPI modulators, resulting in growing interest in this field. PPI modulation requires novel approaches and the integrated efforts of multiple disciplines to be a fruitful strategy. This perspective focuses on the hub-protein 14-3-3, which has several hundred identified protein interaction partners, and is therefore involved in a wide range of cellular processes and diseases. Here, we aim to provide an integrated overview of the approaches explored for the modulation of 14-3-3 PPIs and review the examples resulting from these efforts in both inhibiting and stabilizing specific 14-3-3 protein complexes by small molecules, peptide mimetics, and natural products.
A comparative analysis of heterogeneity in commercially available recombinant factor VIII products (2018)

Overall, there was no association between molecular structure (full-length B-domain, BDD or truncated) and subvisible particle or HMWP content. Dissimilarities may be related to production and product handling differences. In this study, turoctocog alfa, such as simoctocog alfa, had one of the lowest levels of subvisible particles and HMWP content, and high protein size homogeneity.
Deep Neural Network Based Malware Detection Using Two Dimensional Binary Program Features (2015)

Malware remains a serious problem for corporations, government agencies, and individuals, as attackers continue to use it as a tool to effect frequent and costly network intrusions. Machine learning holds the promise of automating the work required to detect newly discovered malware families, and could potentially learn generalizations about malware and benign software that support the detection of entirely new, unknown malware families. Unfortunately, few proposed machine learning based malware detection methods have achieved the low false positive rates required to deliver deployable detectors. In this paper we a deep neural network malware classifier that achieves a usable detection rate at an extremely low false positive rate and scales to real world training example volumes on commodity hardware. Specifically, we show that our system achieves a 95% detection rate at 0.1% false positive rate (FPR), based on more than 400,000 software binaries sourced directly from our customers and internal malware databases. We achieve these results by directly learning on all binaries, without any filtering, unpacking, or manually separating binary files into categories. Further, we confirm our false positive rates directly on a live stream of files coming in from Invincea's deployed endpoint solution, provide an estimate of how many new binary files we expected to see a day on an enterprise network, and describe how that relates to the false positive rate and translates into an intuitive threat score. Our results demonstrate that it is now feasible to quickly train and deploy a low resource, highly accurate machine learning classification model, with false positive rates that approach traditional labor intensive signature based methods, while also detecting previously unseen malware.
Angiopoietin-2 blockade ameliorates autoimmune neuroinflammation by inhibiting leukocyte recruitment into the CNS (2020)

Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), a ligand of the endothelial Tie2 tyrosine kinase, is involved in vascular inflammation and leakage in critically ill patients. However, the role of Ang2 in demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases is unknown. Here, we report that Ang2 is critically involved in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of multiple sclerosis. Ang2 expression was induced in CNS autoimmunity, and transgenic mice overexpressing Ang2 specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) developed a significantly more severe EAE. In contrast, treatment with Ang2-blocking Abs ameliorated neuroinflammation and decreased spinal cord demyelination and leukocyte infiltration into the CNS. Similarly, Ang2-binding and Tie2-activating Ab attenuated the development of CNS autoimmune disease. Ang2 blockade inhibited expression of EC adhesion molecules, improved blood-brain barrier integrity, and decreased expression of genes involved in antigen presentation and proinflammatory responses of microglia and macrophages, which was accompanied by inhibition of α5β1 integrin activation in microglia. Taken together, our data suggest that Ang2 provides a target for increasing Tie2 activation in ECs and inhibiting proinflammatory polarization of CNS myeloid cells via α5β1 integrin in neuroinflammation. Thus, Ang2 targeting may serve as a therapeutic option for the treatment of CNS autoimmune disease.
Assignment of cells to switches in PCS networks (1995)

Considers a problem of network design of personal communication services (PCS). The problem is to assign cells to the switches of a PCS network in an optimum manner. The authors consider two types of costs. One is the cost of handoffs between cells. The other is the cost of cabling (or trunking) between a cell site and its associated switch. The problem is constrained by the call volume that each switch can handle. The authors formulate the problem exactly as an integer programming problem. They also propose a heuristic solution for this problem and show that it performs extremely well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Spatial Differentiation of Sub-Micrometer Domains in a Poly(Hydroxyalkanoate) Copolymer Using Instrumentation That Combines Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy (2011)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy have been combined in a single instrument (AFM-IR) capable of producing sub-micrometer spatial resolution IR spectra and absorption images. This new capability enables the spectroscopic characterization of microdomain-forming polymers at levels not previously possible. Films of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) were solution cast on ZnSe prisms, followed by melting and annealing to generate crystalline microdomains of different sizes. A tunable IR laser generating pulses of the order of 10 ns was used for excitation of the sample films. Short duration thermomechanical waves, due to infrared absorption and resulting thermal expansion, were studied by monitoring the resulting excitation of the contact resonance modes of the AFM cantilever. Dramatic differences in the room-temperature IR spectra are observed in the 1200-1300 cm(-1) range as a function of position on a spatial scale of less than one micrometer. This spectral region is particularly sensitive to the polymer backbone conformation. Such dramatic spectral differences have also been observed previously in bulk IR measurements, but only by comparing room-temperature spectra with ones collected at higher temperatures. Less dramatic, but significant, AFM-IR spectral differences are observed in the carbonyl stretching region around 1720 cm(-1) as a function of location on the sample. Two overlapping, but relatively sharp, carbonyl bands are observed near 1720 cm(-1) in more crystalline regions of the polymer, while a broader carbonyl stretching band appears centered at 1740 cm(-1) in the more amorphous regions. Using this spectral region, it is possible to monitor the development of polymer crystalline structures at varying distances from a nucleation site, where the site was generated by bringing a heated AFM tip close to a specific location to locally anneal the sample.
Automated Violin Fingering Transcription Through Analysis of an Audio Recording (2012)

We present a method to recuperate fingerings for a given piece of violin music in order to recreate the timbre of a given audio recording of the piece. This is achieved by first analyzing an audio signal to determine the most likely sequence of two-dimensional fingerboard locations (string number and location along the string), which recovers elements of violin fingering relevant to timbre. This sequence is then used as a constraint for finding an ergonomic sequence of finger placements that satisfies both the sequence of notated pitch and the given fingerboard-location sequence. Fingerboard-location-sequence estimation is based on estimation of a hidden Markov model, each state of which represents a particular fingerboard location and emits a Gaussian mixture model of the relative strengths of harmonics. The relative strengths of harmonics are estimated from a polyphonic mixture using score-informed source segregation, and compensates for discrepancies between observed data and training data through mean normalization. Fingering estimation is based on the modeling of a cost function for a sequence of finger placements. We tailor our model to incorporate the playing practices of the violin. We evaluate the performance of the fingerboard-location estimator with a polyphonic mixture, and with recordings of a violin whose timbral characteristics differ significantly from that of the training data. We subjectively evaluate the fingering estimator and validate the effectiveness of tailoring the fingering model towards the violin.
Genetic dysregulation of an endothelial Ras signaling network in vein of Galen malformations (2023)

To elucidate the pathogenesis of vein of Galen malformations (VOGMs), the most common and severe congenital brain arteriovenous malformation, we performed an integrated analysis of 310 VOGM proband-family exomes and 336,326 human cerebrovasculature single-cell transcriptomes. We found the Ras suppressor p120 RasGAP ( <i>RASA1</i> ) harbored a genome-wide significant burden of loss-of-function <i>de novo</i> variants (p=4.79×10 <sup>-7</sup> ). Rare, damaging transmitted variants were enriched in Ephrin receptor-B4 ( <i>EPHB4</i> ) (p=1.22×10 <sup>-5</sup> ), which cooperates with p120 RasGAP to limit Ras activation. Other probands had pathogenic variants in <i>ACVRL1</i> , <i>NOTCH1</i> , <i>ITGB1</i> , and <i>PTPN11</i> . <i>ACVRL1</i> variants were also identified in a multi-generational VOGM pedigree. Integrative genomics defined developing endothelial cells as a key spatio-temporal locus of VOGM pathophysiology. Mice expressing a VOGM-specific <i>EPHB4</i> kinase-domain missense variant exhibited constitutive endothelial Ras/ERK/MAPK activation and impaired hierarchical development of angiogenesis-regulated arterial-capillary-venous networks, but only when carrying a "second-hit" allele. These results illuminate human arterio-venous development and VOGM pathobiology and have clinical implications.
THz imaging and radiometric measurements using a microbolometer-based camera (2011)

A THz VOx-based 160×120 microbolometer FPA camera with 52 μm pixel pitch has been developed at INO. Radiometric NEP values have been measured at different wavelengths. Real-time video-rate reflectance imaging using large beam area from a high-power FIR optically pumped THz laser has been also performed, demonstrating high sensitivity for stand alone applications.
An artificial sodium-selective subnanochannel (2023)

Single-ion selectivity with high precision has long been pursued for fundamental bioinspired engineering and applications such as in ion separation and energy conversion. However, it remains a challenge to develop artificial ion channels to achieve single-ion selectivity comparable to their biological analogs, especially for high Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> selectivity. Here, we report an artificial sodium channel by subnanoconfinement of 4'-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 ethers (15C5s) into ~6-Å-sized metal-organic framework subnanochannel (MOFSNC). The resulting 15C5-MOFSNC shows an unprecedented Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> selectivity of tens to 10<sup>2</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> selectivity of 10<sup>3</sup> under multicomponent permeation conditions, comparable to biological sodium channels. A co-ion-responsive single-file transport mechanism in 15C-MOFSNC is proposed for the preferential transport of Na<sup>+</sup> over K<sup>+</sup> due to the synergetic effects of size exclusion, charge selectivity, local hydrophobicity, and preferential binding with functional groups. This study provides an alternative strategy for developing potential single-ion selective channels and membranes for many applications.
Kinetic model for metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of gallium arsenide with organometallic-arsenic precursors (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic model for metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of gallium arsenide with organometallic-arsenic precursorsThomas R. Omstead and Klavs F. JensenCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 1, 39–49Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00007a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00007a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detecting equality of variables in programs (1988)

Article Free Access Share on Detecting equality of variables in programs Authors: B. Alpern IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , M. N. Wegman IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , F. K. Zadeck Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RIView Profile Authors Info & Claims POPL '88: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languagesJanuary 1988 Pages 1–11https://doi.org/10.1145/73560.73561Published:13 January 1988Publication History 264citation2,559DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations264Total Downloads2,559Last 12 Months137Last 6 weeks21 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Fromin-Situtoin-OperandoEvaluation of SOFC Cathodes for Enhanced ORR Activity and Durability (2017)

To study the SOFC cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mechanism and the effects of ambient gas composition on ORR, we used in-situ18O isotope exchange techniques to probe the exchange of H2O and CO2 with two of the most common SOFC cathode materials, (La0.8Sr0.2)0.95MnO3-x (LSM) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-x (LSCF). A series of temperature programmed isotope exchange measurements were performed to comprehensively study the interaction of H2O with the cathode surface as a function of temperature, oxygen partial pressure, and contaminant gas concentration. We further report on the development of a novel in-operando18O isotope exchange technique by modifying our heterogeneous catalysis system for operation and measurement under electrochemical polarization. The system allows ORR investigations under real time, real life, operating conditions. The studies show the effects of operating voltage, temperature, and oxygen partial pressure on the oxygen exchange coefficient. We will also present our model for the understanding and analysis of the isotope oxygen exchange profiles under in-operando conditions.
Phase II evaluation of copanlisib, a selective inhibitor of Pi3kca, in patients with persistent or recurrent endometrial carcinoma harboring PIK3CA hotspot mutations: An NRG Oncology study (NRG-GY008) (2020)

Copanlisib is well tolerated but has limited activity as a single agent in this population.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Neonates and Infants: Successful Use of a Miniaturized Machine (2017)

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in neonates and small infants is a treatment method at the forefront that may become a potentially life-saving procedure in a wide array of severe conditions. Indications for TPE in the pediatric population have been mainly derived from adult literature, with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia being the most notable exception. The only alternative to TPE in small pediatric patients is manual blood exchange transfusion, which, however, bears an unacceptably high risk of severe complications. Still, technical issues due to extracorporeal circulation in neonates have burdened TPE so far, since machines developed for adults require a relatively large blood volume to operate. We in this study, describe our preliminary experience of TPE for treating 2 potentially life-threatening conditions in neonatal age. To overcome the aforementioned limitations, plasmapheresis was performed in both cases using a machine specifically designed for patients weighing less than 10 kg.
Integrating Systems Engineering Into the USAF Academy Capstone Gas Turbine Engine Course (2011)

This paper is intended to serve as a template for incorporating technical management majors into a traditional engineering design course. In 2002, the Secretary of the Air Force encouraged the USAF Academy to initiate a new interdisciplinary academic major related to systems engineering. This direction was given in an effort to help meet the Air Force’s growing need for “systems” minded officers to manage the development and acquisition of its ever more complex weapons systems. The curriculum for the new systems engineering management (SEM) major is related to the “engineering of large, complex systems and the integration of the many subsystems that comprise the larger system” and differs in the level of technical content from the traditional engineering major. The program allows emphasis in specific cadet-selected engineering tracks with additional course work in human systems, operations research, and program management. Specifically, this paper documents how individual SEM majors have been integrated into aeronautical engineering design teams within a senior level capstone course to complete the preliminary design of a gas turbine engine. As the Aeronautical engineering (AE) cadets performed the detailed engine design, the SEM cadets were responsible for tracking performance, cost, schedule, and technical risk. Internal and external student assessments indicate that this integration has been successful at exposing both the AE majors and the SEM majors to the benefits of “systems thinking” by giving all the opportunity to employ SE tools in the context of a realistic aircraft engine design project.
Phytochemical characterization of the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa grown in U.S.A. (2009)

Mitragyna speciosa (Rubiaceae) has traditionally been used in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa and Indonesia as a substitute for opium. Indole alkaloids are the most common compounds that have been isolated. We investigated the constituents of the leaves of M. speciosa that was grown at the University of Mississippi. Several alkaloids were isolated, including ajmalicine, corynantheidine, isomitraphylline, mitraphylline, paynantheine, isocorynantheidine, 7-hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine, but their percentages were lower than those in a commercial Thai sample of "kratom". In addition, we isolated the flavonoid epicatechin, a saponin daucosterol, the triterpenoid saponins quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-quinovopyranoside, quinovic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, as well as several glycoside derivatives including 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, benzyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3-oxo-alpha-ionyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, roseoside, vogeloside, and epivogeloside. This is the first report of the last group of compounds having been isolated from a Mitragyna species. Biological studies are currently underway to test these compounds for opioid activity.