gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retinobenzoic acids. 5. Retinoidal activities of compounds having a trimethylsilyl or trimethylgermyl group(s) in human promyelocytic leukemia cells HL-60 (1990)

The retinoidal activities of trimethylsilyl or trimethylgermyl-containing retinobenzoic acids are discussed on the basis of differentiation-inducing activity on human promyelocytic leukemia cells HL-60. Compounds with a trimethylsilyl or trimethylgermyl group at the meta position of the generic formula 2 have more potent activities than the corresponding retinobenzoic acids with a m-tert-butyl group. Compounds having two m-trimethylsilyl or -trimethylgermyl groups also have strong activities, and (E)-4-[3-[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-1-propenyl]benzoic acid (22, Ch55S) and (E)-4-[3-[3,5-bis(trimethylgermyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-1- propenyl]benzoic acid (35, Ch55G) are more active than retinoic acid by 1 order of magnitude. However, in the para-substituted chalcone derivatives, the replacement of a tert-butyl group (49, Ch40) with a trimethylsilyl (27, Ch40S) or a trimethylgermyl (30, Ch40G) group caused the disappearance of the activity.
New development in flow‐through pressure‐swing frequency response method for mass‐transfer study: Ethane in ZIF‐8 (2016)

A new pressure‐swing frequency response (PSFR) method has been developed to study mass transfer in adsorption systems as a function of temperature and pressure, from −70 to 180°C, and up to 7 bar. New in‐phase and out‐of‐phase functions have been derived for the PSFR in a general way to allow information extracted from it independent of whether the system is operated in a batch volume swing or a flow‐through pressure swing mode. A new mathematical model that considers distribution of diffusion rates has been introduced to account for diffusive transport in heterogeneous samples. Numerical simulation results have shown that a single rate diffusion model works well when heterogeneity can be described by a normal distribution, but not for asymmetrically bimodal distributions. As a test reference system, the transport of ethane in ZIF‐8 was investigated at different pressures and temperatures using the new PSFR method. The mass transfer was found to be dominated by micropore diffusion. Diffusivity was found to be weakly dependent on pressure or loading, but quite strongly dependent on temperature. The results agree very well with our independent batch volume frequency response technique experiments. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 1077–1090, 2017
Regiochemical control in the intramolecular addition of allylstannanes and allylsilanes to 2,3-epoxy ethers: preparation of functionalized oxepanes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegiochemical control in the intramolecular addition of allylstannanes and allylsilanes to 2,3-epoxy ethers: preparation of functionalized oxepanesGary A. Molander and Steven W. AndrewsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 13, 3114–3120Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00274a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00274a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrogels based on poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) or poly(dimethyl siloxane). II. Physical properties and bacterial adhesion (2003)

Abstract To investigate the effects of polymer chemistry and topology on physical properties and bacterial adhesion, various hydrogels composed of short hydrophilic [poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)] and hydrophobic blocks were synthesized by polycondensation reactions. Differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction analysis confirmed that all of the hydrogels were strongly phase‐separated due to incompatibility between PEO and hydrophobic blocks such as poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). The crystallization of PEO in the hydrogels was enhanced by the incorporation of longer PEO chains, the adoption of PDMS as a hydrophobic block, and the grafting of monomethoxy poly(ethylene oxide) (MPEO). Compared to Pellethane, the control polymer, the hydrogels exhibited higher Young's moduli and elongations at break, which was attributed to the crystalline domains of PEO and the flexible characteristics of the hydrophobic blocks. The mechanical properties of the hydrogels, however, significantly deteriorated when they were hydrated in distilled water; this was primarily ascribed to the disappearance of PEO crystallity. The water capacity of hydrogels at 37°C in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) (pH = 7.4) was dominantly dependant on PEO content, which also influenced the thermonegative swelling behavior. From the bacterial adhesion tests, it was evident that both S. epidermidis and E. coli adhered to Pellethane much greater than to the hydrogels, regardless of the preadsorption of albumin. Better resistance to bacterial adhesion was observed in hydrogels with longer PEO chains, with PTMO as a hydrophobic block, and with MPEO grafts. The least bacterial adhesion for both species was achieved on MPEO 2k –PTMO, a hydrogel with MPEO grafts. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1505–1514, 2003
Proteinopathy and longitudinal changes in functional connectivity networks in Parkinson disease (2019)

These results indicate that α-synuclein levels may influence longitudinal declines in motor-related functional connectivity networks. Further, the interaction between cortical association networks declines over time in PD prior to dementia onset and may serve as a prognostic marker for the development of dementia.
NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms and Crohn's disease in the Chinese population (2003)

The three previously described SNPs associated with the development of Crohn's disease in Caucasians are not found in Chinese patients with Crohn's disease.
ILP synthesis of signal processing architectures with minimum structural complexity (2002)

In this paper, we present details of an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation for combined scheduling and operation bindings. The formulation is suitable for multiplexer based datapaths. A novel formulation and optimization criteria that minimizes structural complexity of the final datapath is presented. Architectural results having considerably lower interconnections and mux inputs than previous ILP solutions are shown for typical signal processing synthesis benchmarks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A miniaturized Orbitron pump for MEMS applications (2006)

The principle of the Orbitron pump is described. Its miniaturization is simulated. Field emitters operating in mbar vacuum levels, with short emitter-extractor distance and an incorporated ion mirror are advantageous compared to heated electron emitters. This miniaturized electron gun requires 16 nA of current but can be supplied with up to 400 /spl mu/A of ionizing current. Employing micromechanical technologies, the Orbitron pump can be built and integrated into a MEMS device to supply UHV in a volume of <1 Mio /spl mu/m/sup 3/ on a chip. Connecting the pump with a load vacuum volume, miniature UHV requiring devices can be pumped down on chip and operated by only electrical controls.
Contributions of theAmerican Journal of Physiologyto the discovery of insulin (1998)

Since its inception in 1898 the American Journal of Physiology has been a leader in diabetes research and has published many key articles on the subject. The Journal first published studies of phlorhizin-induced diabetes in 1898, and after many other contributions went on to publish the first reports of Banting, Best, Macleod, and Collip in 1922 concerning the isolation and purification of insulin (5-8, 13). This review highlights some of these key contributions of the Journal.
Soft Air Interface to Support 5G Services and Requirements (2018)

The 5G NR is the next frontier of innovation for the wireless industry and broader ICT ecosystem. It is common consensus that 5G NR will make breakthroughs to support ultra-large capacity and ultra-high data rate for massive connectivity but with ultra-low latency and ultra-low energy consumption. Making this 5G NR a reality requires a unified, more capable air interface design that will bring new levels of flexibility, scalability, and efficiency to meet the expanding needs in the next decade and beyond. In this article, we explore some key advanced techniques for the soft air interface from our viewpoint. These techniques can strongly support 5G NR to get the most out of every bit of spectrum across a wide range of all spectrum bands from below 1 GHz up to 100 GHz and enable air interface slicing for diverse services and forward compatibility.
Recent developments in biomedical ultrasound (2000)

Biomedical ultrasound has seen remarkable advances in recent years. By utilizing the properties of nonlinear acoustics, diagnostic ultrasound has shown increased applicability to a wide number of clinical conditions and pathologies. Techniques such as harmonic imaging and the use of ultrasound contrast agents (stabilized microbubbles) have enabled such long-sought goals as noninvasive determination of myocardial perfusion to be clearly within our grasp. Advancements in semiconductor miniaturization have led to the construction of ultrasonic scanners that are now hand-held, and together with telemedicine techniques, it is now reasonable to expect that diagnostic ultrasound will soon be the doctor’s stethoscope. An even more promising future is seen for therapeutic ultrasound. Although the mechanism is not yet clearly understood, ultrasound can transiently permeabilize cell membranes, thus permitting the delivery of therapy to specific sites within the body; indeed, together with drug-carrying ultrasound contrast agents, ‘‘site-specific drug delivery’’ is now in clinical trials. Finally, the application of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound can induce coagulative necrosis at well-controlled sites within tissue. When imaging and therapy are combined, ‘‘image-guided, transcutaneous, bloodless surgery’’ devices are now under development. With acoustics, ‘‘Star Trek medicine’’ is just around the corner.
Safety and feasibility of left atrial appendage inversion in swine: A proof-of-concept study for potential therapy to prevent embolic stroke (2023)

<b>Objective:</b> Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion or exclusion has been used in patients with atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke, but the techniques and devices have shortcomings. This study aims to validate the safety and feasibility of a novel LAA inversion procedure. <b>Methods:</b> LAA inversion procedures were done in six pigs. Before the procedure and at 8 weeks postoperatively, heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded. The serum concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was measured. The LAA was observed and measured by transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) and intracardiac echocardiogram (ICE). At 8 weeks after LAA inversion, the animal was euthanized. The heart was collected for morphology and histology, including hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining. <b>Results:</b> TEE and ICE showed that LAA was inverted, and the inversion was maintained during the 8-week study duration. Food intake, body weight gain, heart rate, blood pressure, ECG, and serum ANP level were comparable before and after the procedure. Morphology and histological staining showed that there was no obvious inflammation or thrombus. Tissue remodeling and fibrosis were observed at the LAA inverted site. <b>Conclusion:</b> The inversion of LAA effectively eliminates the dead space of LAA and thus may reduce the risk of embolic stroke. The novel procedure is safe and feasible, but the efficacy in reducing embolization remains to be demonstrated in future studies.
Video-rate high-precision time-frequency multiplexed 3D coherent ranging (2022)

Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an emerging 3D ranging technology that offers high sensitivity and ranging precision. Due to the limited bandwidth of digitizers and the speed limitations of beam steering using mechanical scanners, meter-scale FMCW LiDAR systems typically suffer from a low 3D frame rate, which greatly restricts their applications in real-time imaging of dynamic scenes. In this work, we report a high-speed FMCW based 3D imaging system, combining a grating for beam steering with a compressed time-frequency analysis approach for depth retrieval. We thoroughly investigate the localization accuracy and precision of our system both theoretically and experimentally. Finally, we demonstrate 3D imaging results of multiple static and moving objects, including a flexing human hand. The demonstrated technique achieves submillimeter localization accuracy over a tens-of-centimeter imaging range with an overall depth voxel acquisition rate of 7.6 MHz, enabling densely sampled 3D imaging at video rate.
A novel Cognitive Radio Concept deploying Petri Net based Scheduling (2007)

This paper will give a detailed discussion about the authors view on software defined and cognitive radio. After an introduction on different aspects of software radio and a novel approach on cognitive radio is presented. As proof of concept a software defined cognitive radio demonstrator termed Falcon was built up which is described afterwards. The Falcon is entirely based on a modular signal processing concept. In particular, the receiver deploys modules which process and generate log-likelihood ratio (LLR) signals, hence, providing the capability of a plug-and-play-type reconfigurability.
Major multilevel molecular divergence between THP‐1 cells from different biorepositories (2020)

The THP-1 cell line is broadly used as a model for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with MLL fusion and to study monocyte differentiation and function. We studied THP-1 cells obtained from two major biorepositories. The two cell lines were closely related with a percentage match of short tandem repeat (STR) profiles ranging from 93.75% to 100%, depending on the algorithm used. Nevertheless, we found that the two cell lines presented discordant HLA type, cytogenetic aberrations and AML-related gene expression (including critical targets of MLL fusion). These discrepancies resulted mainly from loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involving five chromosomal regions. In view of their aberrant expression of key "leukemia" genes (e.g., LIN28B, MEIS1 and SPARC), we argue that one of the THP-1 cell lines may not be a reliable model for studying leukemia. Their defective expression of HLA molecules and abnormal adhesion properties is also a caveat for studies of antigen presentation. In a more general perspective, our findings show that seemingly minor discrepancies in STR profiles among cell lines may be the sign of major genetic drift, of sufficient magnitude to affect the reliability of cell line-based research.
Polymerization Enhancers for Cyanoacrylate Skin Adhesive (2021)

Cyanoacrylate glues are a renowned synthetic tissue sealant that cures rapidly through polymerization at room temperature, felicitating medical glues to treat skin wounds and surgical openings. Despite a wide range of cyanoacrylates available, only 2-octyl cyanoacrylates (OCA) provides the best biocompatibility. In this study, the polymerization and adhesive properties of 2-octyl cyanoacrylates (OCA) are explored in the presence of a highly biocompatible and biochemically inert polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PEG-POSS). The effect of PEG-POSS on the polymerization of OCA is examined on a plastic surface and over pig skin. A peel-test is performed to evaluate the strength of OCA adhesive properties between two pieces of pig skin samples. Additionally, thin films of OCA are prepared using different fillers and evaluated for tear test. The results reveal that when applied on the plastic or pig skin, PEG-POSS initiated polymerization in OCA yields a high molecular weight OCA polymer with much better adhesive properties compared to commercially available cyanoacrylate adhesives. The relative change in the molecular weights of OCA compared to commercially available cyanoacrylate bioadhesives such as Dermaflex is much higher. The pig skin peeling test shows that OCA needs higher peeling force than Dermaflex.
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis - Role in Learning and Memory. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Identification and Characterization of a B-Raf Kinase α-Helix Critical for the Activity of MEK Kinase in MAPK Signaling (2020)

In the MAPK pathway, an oncogenic V600E mutation in B-Raf kinase causes the enzyme to be constitutively active, leading to aberrantly high phosphorylation levels of its downstream effectors, MEK and ERK kinases. The V600E mutation in B-Raf accounts for more than half of all melanomas and ∼3% of all cancers, and many drugs target the ATP binding site of the enzyme for its inhibition. Because B-Raf can develop resistance against these drugs and such drugs can induce paradoxical activation, drugs that target allosteric sites are needed. To identify other potential drug targets, we generated and kinetically characterized an active form of B-Raf<sup>V600E</sup> expressed using a bacterial expression system. In doing so, we identified an α-helix on B-Raf, found at the B-Raf-MEK interface, that is critical for their interaction and the oncogenic activity of B-Raf<sup>V600E</sup>. We assessed the binding between B-Raf mutants and MEK using pull downs and biolayer interferometry and assessed phosphorylation levels of MEK <i>in vitro</i> and in cells as well as its downstream target ERK to show that mutating certain residues on this α-helix is detrimental to binding and downstream activity. Our results suggest that this B-Raf α-helix binding site on MEK could be a site to target for drug development to treat B-Raf<sup>V600E</sup>-induced melanomas.
Editorial: JAD's impact factor increased to 2.008! (2017)

status: Published
Subshot noise turbidity measurement (1990)

In recent experiments it has been demonstrated that twin photon beams can be obtained from nondegenerate parametric downconversion processes.1,2 These beams show noise correlations at the quantum level, and we have previously shown that a subshot noise light source can be created by using negative feedback of the noise on one beam to correct the noise on the other.
Blood Distribution and Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Leflunomide (1995)

Leflunomide (HWA 486, LEF) is a novel isoxazole derivative with potent immunosuppressive properties. LEF is converted to its active metabolite (A77 1726) after absorption. Presently, the blood distribution and pharmacokinetics of LEF have not been reported. Such information would prove invaluable in determining the appropriate medium for analysis and optimal immunosuppressive dosing regimes. In this study, A77 1726 was found to be primarily associated (> 95%) with the lipoprotein free fraction of plasma at all tested concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 100 mg/L. Detectable levels of A77 1726 (0.34 +/- 0.18 mg/L), analyzed by HPLC, were found in the plasma free fraction only at the highest tested concentration (100 mg/L). Single-dose pharmacokinetics of A77 1726 (i.v.) and HWA 486 (p.o.) were investigated in five healthy New Zealand white rabbits. The half-lives (t1/2) of A77 1726 i.v. and HWA 486 p.o. administration were 3.88 +/- 2.3 and 3.18 +/- 1.6 h, respectively. The volume of distribution by both routes of administration indicates minimal distribution into tissues (Vdss p.o. = 0.14 +/- 0.03 L/kg and Vdssi.v. = 0.09 +/- 0.02 L/kg). The mean residence time of A77 1726 was greater after oral administration of LEF (MRTp.o. = 10.54 +/- 2.6 h and MRTi.v. = 6.76 +/- 1.0 h). Identical areas under the curve suggest bioavailability was 100% (AUCp.o. = 421.16 +/- 204.5 mg.h/L and AUCi.v. = 399.75 +/- 126.9 mg.h/L).
Protection against Borreliella burgdorferi infection mediated by a synthetically engineered DNA vaccine (2020)

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in North America. The etiological agent is the spirochete <i>Borreliella</i> burgdorferi, transmitted to mammalian hosts by the Ixodes tick. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of cases of Lyme disease. Currently, there is no vaccine on the market for human use. We describe the development of a novel synthetically engineered DNA vaccine, pLD1 targeting the outer-surface protein A (OspA) of <i>Borreliella</i> burgdorferi. Immunization of C3 H/HeN mice with pLD1 elicits robust humoral and cellular immune responses that confer complete protection against a live <i>Borreliella</i> burgdorferi bacterial challenge. We also assessed intradermal (ID) delivery of pLD1 in Hartley guinea pigs, demonstrating the induction of robust and durable humoral immunity that lasts at least 1 year. We provide evidence of the potency of pLD1 by showing that antibodies targeting the OspA epitopes which have been associated with protection are prominently raised in the immunized guinea pigs. The described study provides the basis for the advancement of pDL1 as a potential vaccine for Lyme disease control.
An octadecanoid pathway mutant (JL5) of tomato is compromised in signaling for defense against insect attack. (1996)

The activation of defense genes in tomato plants has been shown to be mediated by an octadecanoic acid-based signaling pathway in response to herbivore attack or other mechanical wounding. We report here that a tomato mutant (JL5) deficient in the activation of would-inducible defense genes is also compromised in resistance toward the lepidopteran predator Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm). Thus we propose the name defenseless1 (def1) for the mutation in the JL5 line that mediates this altered defense response. In experiments designed to define the normal function of DEF1, we found that def1 plants are defective in defense gene signaling initiated by prosystemin overexpression in transgenic plants as well as by oligosaccharide (chitosan and polygalacturonide) and polypeptide (systemin) elicitors. Supplementation of plants through their cut stems with intermediates of the octadecanoid pathway indicates that def1 plants are affected in octadecanoid metabolism between the synthesis of hydroperoxylinolenic acid and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Consistent with this defect, def1 plants are also compromised in their ability to accumulate jasmonic acid, the end product of the pathway, in response to wounding and the aforementioned elicitors. Taken together, these results show that octadecanoid metabolism plays an essential role in the transduction of upstream would signals to the activation of antiherbivore plant defenses.