gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the noise generation mechanisms of overlapping propellers (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2281.vid Overlapping propeller systems are currently used on some urban flight vehicles and will become increasingly common in future electric propulsion, since they provide one of the most compact platform volumes per unit thrust. This paper presents the results of a detailed experimental investigation of the dominant noise mechanisms due to two overlapping propellers at hover conditions. A detailed parametric study is performed to investigate the sensitivity of the radiated noise to the rotor axial separation distance z and the rotor radial separation distance d. An optimum separation distance to rotor diameter ratio of z/D of 0.25 is identified in this paper for co-axial rotor configurations, whereby minimum radiated noise is obtained. The reason for this optimum distance is explored and the balance between the various interaction noise sources in co-axial configuration is discussed in the paper. Noise predictions from an analytical model for co-axial rotors are compared against measured data, where agreement to within 8dB is obtained for most sources. A significant increase in noise is observed for partial overlapping configurations of d/D=0.5. The reason behind this is attributed to the induced distorted mean flow onto the downstream propeller. A simple Fourier decomposition of the mean flow profile around the propeller disc is performed to explain the noise characteristics of overlapping propellers at the blade passing frequencies. It is also shown that the minimum radiated noise is obtained at the point of maximum aerodynamic efficiency.
Comparative Analysis of the Western Arctic Surface Climate among Observations and Model Simulations (2007)

Abstract Accurate estimates of the spatial and temporal variation in terrestrial water and energy fluxes and mean states are important for simulating regional hydrology and biogeochemistry in high-latitude regions. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop high-resolution hydroclimatological datasets at finer spatial resolutions than are currently available from global analyses. This study uses a regional climate model (RCM) to develop a hydroclimatological dataset for hydrologic and ecological application in the Western Arctic. The fifth-generation Penn State–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) forced by global reanalysis products at the boundaries is used to perform 12 yr of simulation (1990 through 2001) over the Western Arctic. An analysis that compares the RCM simulations with independent observationally derived data sources is conducted to evaluate the temporal and spatial distribution of the mean states, variability, and trends during the period of simulation. The RCM simulation of sea level pressure agrees well with the reanalysis in terms of mean states, seasonality, and interannual variability. The RCM also simulates major spatial patterns of the observed climatology of surface air temperature (SAT), but RCM SAT is generally colder in the summertime and warmer in the wintertime in comparison with other datasets. Although there are biases in the mean state of SAT, the RCM simulations of the seasonal and interannual variability of SAT are similar to variability in observationally derived datasets. The RCM also simulates general spatial patterns of observed rainfall, but the modeled mean state of precipitation is characterized by large biases relative to observationally derived datasets. In particular, the RCM tends to overestimate coastal region precipitation but underestimates precipitation in the interior of the Western Arctic. The Arctic terrestrial surface climate trends for the period of 1992 to 2001 of the RCM are similar to those derived from observations, with sea level pressure decreasing 0.15 hPa decade−1, SAT increasing 0.10°C decade−1, and precipitation decreasing slightly in the RCM simulations. In summary, the RCM dataset produced in this study represents an improvement over data currently available from large-scale global reanalysis and provides a consistent meteorological forcing dataset for hydrologic and ecological applications.
Änderungen des Lipoproteinstoffwechsels durch diabetische Serumfaktoren (DS) in Fibroblasten von Diabetikern und Stoffwechselgesunden (1978)

Störungen des Lipoproteinstoffwechsels in peripheren Zellen sind in Beziehung zur Arterioskleroseentwicklung gesetzt worden. Da bei Diabetikern solche Störungen vermehrt auftreten und das Arterioskleroserisiko erhöht ist, war es von Interesse zu prüfen, inwieweit Serumfaktoren von Diabetikern den Stoffwechsel einzelner Lipoproteinfraktionen, insbesondere von Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) und High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) so beeinflussen und ändern konnen, daß dies die Entwicklung einer Arteriosklerose beschleunigen könnte.
Cobalt manganese oxide: a novel high activity water gas shift catalyst (1988)

F. M. Gottschalk and G. J. Hutchings, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1988, 123 DOI: 10.1039/C39880000123
Antibody-Mediated Delivery of Chimeric BRD4 Degraders. Part 1: Exploration of Antibody Linker, Payload Loading, and Payload Molecular Properties (2021)

The biological and medicinal impacts of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and related chimeric molecules that effect intracellular degradation of target proteins via ubiquitin ligase-mediated ubiquitination continue to grow. However, these chimeric entities are relatively large compounds that often possess molecular characteristics, which may compromise oral bioavailability, solubility, and/or in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. We therefore explored the conjugation of such molecules to monoclonal antibodies using technologies originally developed for cytotoxic payloads so as to provide alternate delivery options for these novel agents. In this report, we describe the first phase of our systematic development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) derived from bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4)-targeting chimeric degrader entities. We demonstrate the antigen-dependent delivery of the degrader payloads to PC3-S1 prostate cancer cells along with related impacts on MYC transcription and intracellular BRD4 levels. These experiments culminate with the identification of one degrader conjugate, which exhibits antigen-dependent antiproliferation effects in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
In Vitro and in Vivo Characterization of Doxorubicin and Vincristine Coencapsulated within Liposomes through Use of Transition Metal Ion Complexation and pH Gradient Loading (2004)

These results emphasize that in vitro drug combination screens can be used to predict whether a coformulated drug combination will act in an antagonistic or synergistic manner.
COVID-19 Epidemiology, Immunity, and Vaccine Development in Children: A Review (2022)

Although pediatric populations experienced lower COVID-19 severity and mortality than adults, the epidemiology of this disease continues to evolve. COVID-19 clinical manifestations in pediatrics commonly include fever and cough, but may differ from adults and by variant. Serious complications, including MIS-C, rarely occur. Although early data showed a decreased likelihood of COVID-19 transmission from children versus adults, outbreaks and viral shedding studies support pediatric transmission potential. Children may mount more robust initial immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 versus adults. COVID-19 vaccines with available pediatric data include BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, CoronaVac, and BBIBP-CorV. Depending on age group and jurisdiction, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 have received full approval or emergency/conditional authorization in the United States and European Union from 6 months of age. Clinical trials have shown BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 safety and high efficacy in pediatric populations, with demonstrably noninferior immune responses versus young adults. Real-world studies further support BNT162b2 safety and effectiveness against the Delta variant. mRNA vaccination benefits are considered to outweigh risks, including myocarditis; however, pediatric vaccination rates remain relatively low. Given a growing body of clinical trial and real-world data showing vaccine safety and effectiveness, pediatric vaccination should be prioritized as an important strategy to control the pandemic.
Oral Presentations at the 10th Canadian Conference on Dementia (CCD) Québec City, October 3, 2019 (2020)

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Spatially Invariant Vector Quantization: A pattern matching algorithm for multiple classes of image subject matter including pathology (2011)

With the performance of SIVQ observed thus far, we find evidence that indeed there exist classes of image analysis/pattern recognition algorithms suitable for deployment in settings where pathologists alone can effectively incorporate their use into clinical workflow, as a turnkey solution. We anticipate that SIVQ, and other related class-independent pattern recognition algorithms, will become part of the overall armamentarium of digital image analysis approaches that are immediately available to practicing pathologists, without the need for the immediate availability of an image analysis expert.
The radiological diagnosis of gallbladder disease. An imaging symposium. (1981)

Changes in the radiological diagnosis of gallbladder disease are occurring at a remarkable rate. In this symposium, several recognized authorities place the various diagnostic modalities and their interrelation in modern perspective. The present and future roles of oral cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography, the radiological diagnosis of chronic acalculous cholecystitis, and the use of ultrasonography and cholescintigraphy are analyzed.
Diffusivity of Asphaltene Molecules by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (2006)

Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) we measure the translational diffusion coefficient of asphaltene molecules in toluene at extremely low concentrations (0.03-3.0 mg/L): where aggregation does not occur. We find that the translational diffusion coefficient of asphaltene molecules in toluene is about 0.35 x 10(-5) cm(2)/s at room temperature. This diffusion coefficient corresponds to a hydrodynamic radius of approximately 1 nm. These data confirm previously estimated size from rotational diffusion studied using fluorescence depolarization. The implication of this concurrence is that asphaltene molecular structures are monomeric, not polymeric.
Real-Time Elastography versus Shear Wave Elastography on Evaluating the Timely Radiofrequency Ablation Effect of Rabbit Liver: A Preliminary Experimental Study (2023)

RTE and SWE are both able to accurately confirm the range of ablation zones shortly after the ablation for rabbit livers.
Ultra-low-noise microwave to optics conversion in gallium phosphide (2022)

Mechanical resonators can act as excellent intermediaries to interface single photons in the microwave and optical domains due to their high quality factors. Nevertheless, the optical pump required to overcome the large energy difference between the frequencies can add significant noise to the transduced signal. Here we exploit the remarkable properties of thin-film gallium phosphide to demonstrate bi-directional on-chip conversion between microwave and optical frequencies, realized by piezoelectric actuation of a Gigahertz-frequency optomechanical resonator. The large optomechanical coupling and the suppression of two-photon absorption in the material allows us to operate the device at optomechanical cooperativities greatly exceeding one. Alternatively, when using a pulsed upconversion pump, we demonstrate that we induce less than one thermal noise phonon. We include a high-impedance on-chip matching resonator to mediate the mechanical load with the 50-Ω source. Our results establish gallium phosphide as a versatile platform for ultra-low-noise conversion of photons between microwave and optical frequencies.
Optical manipulation of micro-particles with Laguerre-Gaussian mode beam (2018)

We have demonstrated an optical trapping and rotation of polystyrene microspheres with a Laguerre Gaussian mode beam. We constructed a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to obtain an interference pattern of Laguerre Gaussian mode and Gaussian mode. A micron-sized objects are trapped in the interference pattern, and by changing the optical path length we could control this pattern to rotate. Since the interference pattern rotates, the trapped particles also rotate.
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) May Improve Disease Outcome in Elderly Patients with Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma (DLCL) Treated with CHOP Chemotherapy (2000)

Advanced age is an adverse prognostic factor in patients with DLCL. CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) has frequent dose-limiting toxicities, including myelosuppression. We retrospectively reviewed 50 consecutive patients > 60 years of age (median age 72) with B-cell DLCL who received CHOP with G-CSF. Patients received CHOP (median 6 cycles) at three-week intervals. G-CSF was given following all cycles of chemotherapy ("prophylactic G-CSF") in 28 of 50 patients, and following an episode of febrile neutropenia and thereafter in 19 patients, according to ASCO guidelines. Dose intensity, treatment delays, episodes of febrile neutropenia, complete response (CR) rate, disease-free survival, time-to-treatment failure, and overall survival were all analyzed according to the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI). The actual dose intensity for cyclophosphamide was 225.9 mg/m2/week and 0.90, respectively and for doxorubicin was 14.9 mg/m2/week (90% of ideal CHOP dosing for both drugs). Median followup was 4 years for the patients still living. Treatment delays and episodes of febrile neutropenia were less frequent among patients receiving G-CSF with all cycles of CHOP. The CR rates were 100%, 81%, 85%, and 36% for the low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate, and high aalPI risk groups, respectively. The 5-year actuarial relapse-free and overall survival for our patients were comparable to that of the cohort < or = 60 years of age and superior to the > 60 years of age cohort used to establish the aaIPI. With optimization of CHOP dosing, advanced age may not be an adverse prognostic factor for patients with DLCL. The routine use of G-CSF in elderly patients with DLCL should be further investigated.
Permeability Engineered Soft Magnetics for Power Dense Energy Conversion (2021)

Traditional manufacturing of tape wound cores with low effective permeability involves a cutting step to allow for gapping. While this process is well established, it is not without consequence. Gapped tape wound cores suffer reduced performance in terms of overall magnetic, thermal, and electrical properties. By working with a new class of Cobalt-rich metal amorphous nanocomposite alloys, the permeability can be controlled to a pre-determined value prior to winding into the final desired core shape, thus eliminating the gapping step. This new ability to tune the permeability of a core material opens opportunities to develop magnetic cores with reduced volume and improved thermal management, while eliminating the need for labor intensive gapping processes that also introduce variability and complexities such as fringing flux and excess losses. In this work, we present three permeability profiles (constant, ideally graded, and exponentially graded) in toroidal tape wound cores to allow for the greatest variation and control of the flux density. We also demonstrate the potential for manufacturing of large-scale permeability engineered inductors.
The Use of Polyethyleneimine to Control the Growth‐Front Morphology of Electrochemically Deposited Gold Nanowires for Engineered Nanogap Electrodes (2009)

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is utilized in an electrolytic bath for the planarization of electrodeposited nanowire growth fronts in porous anodic alumina templates. The addition of highly branched, low-molecular-weight PEI to the plating bath also provides improved uniformity in the distribution of nanowire growth rates from pore to pore and allows for a more precise control over the electrochemical growth process.
20.8% Slot‐Die Coated MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells by Optimal DMSO‐Content and Age of 2‐ME Based Precursor Inks (2021)

Abstract Solar cells incorporating metal‐halide perovskite (MHP) semiconductors are continuing to break efficiency records for solution‐processed solar cell devices. Scaling MHP‐based devices to larger area prototypes requires the development and optimization of scalable process technology and ink formulations that enable reproducible coating results. It is demonstrated that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of small‐area methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ) devices, slot‐die coated from a 2‐methoxy‐ethanol (2‐ME) based ink with dimethyl‐sulfoxide (DMSO) used as an additive depends on the amount of DMSO and age of the ink formulation. When adding 12 mol% of DMSO, small‐area devices of high performance (20.8%) are achieved. The effect of DMSO content and age on the thin film morphology and device performance through in situ X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments is rationalized. Adding a limited amount of DMSO prevents the formation of a crystalline intermediate phase related to MAPbI 3 and 2‐ME (MAPbI 3 ‐2‐ME) and induces the formation of the MAPbI 3 perovskite phase. Higher DMSO content leads to the precipitation of the (DMSO) 2 MA 2 Pb 3 I 8 intermediate phase that negatively affects the thin‐film morphology. These results demonstrate that rational insights into the ink composition and process control are critical to enable reproducible large‐scale manufacturing of MHP‐based devices for commercial applications.
<title>Data reduction for multispectral and hyperspectral imagery based on application of catastrophe theory</title> (2000)

In this paper, we discuss a novel method, for multispectral and hyperspectral imagery data reduction. This method is based on singularity representation and integrates a rotational invariant visual object extraction and understanding technique based on the application of differential mapping to image processing. This new compression method applies Arnold's Differential Mapping Singularities Theory in the context of three-dimensional (3D) terrain and objects projection onto the two-dimensional (2D) image plane. It takes advantage of the fact that terrain features (particularly edges and singular points) and can be interpreted in terms of mapping singularities, which can be described by simple polynomials. We discuss the relationship between traditional approaches, including spatial and spectral decorrelation, and differential mapping singularities theory, or Catastrophe Theory (CT), in the context of multispectral image understanding and data reduction. CT maps 3D surfaces with exact results to construct a multispectral image-compression algorithm based on a finite set of singularities. This approach permits the rigorous mathematical description of a full set of singularities that describes the edges and other specific points of objects. The edges and specific points (degenerate critical points) are the products of mapping smooth 3D surfaces, which can be described by a simple set of polynomials that is suitable for image compression and automatic target recognition. The spectral signature for each extracted object was refined, and its dynamic diapason was compared with traditional methods.
Fast DC Charging Infrastructures for Electric Vehicles: Overview of Technologies, Standards, and Challenges (2023)

This article is an overview of fast charging for electrical vehicles. Specifically, it analyzes the impact of ultrafast charging stations (UFCSs) on the distribution grid and their role in the smart grids. Moreover, this article defines the framework of UFC, its diffusion, and the associated new trends. The most frequently used converters in the conversion stages of dc charging stations with integrated generation are analyzed. To achieve this goal four active front-end ac–dc converters (unidirectional and bidirectional), three isolated dc–dc converters and two control architectures are explored. In comparing the targeted configurations, the main target is set on categorizing them based on supply voltage level, type of smart grid, and power flow of the converters. Furthermore, this article outlines a broad overview of the main standards for UFCSs and the evaluation of the reliability, data collection, and operation of UFCSs. This article aims to link the needs of the designers of charging stations to the preferences of the commercial market.
Front Cover: The Buoy Effect: Surface Enrichment of a Pt Complex in IL Solution by Ligand Design (Chem. Eur. J. 3/2023) (2022)

Fluorinated side chains of a functionalized Pt complex in an ionic liquid act as buoys, leading to pronounced enrichment of the complex at the IL/gas interface, as is evidenced by strongly enhanced Pt signals in angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. For complexes without these side chains no such effect is observed. More information can be found in the Research Article by H.-P. Steinrück and co-workers. (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203325).
Improving the Cycling Life of Aluminum and Germanium Thin Films for use as Anodic Materials in Li-Ion Batteries. (2014)

The cycling of high-capacity electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries results in significant volumetric expansion and contraction, and this leads to mechanical failure of the electrodes. To increase battery performance and reliability, there is a drive towards the use of nanostructured electrode materials and nanoscale surface coatings. As a part of the Visiting Faculty Program (VFP) last summer, we examined the ability of aluminum oxide and gold film surface coatings to improve the mechanical and cycling properties of vapor-deposited aluminum films in lithium-ion batteries. Nanoscale gold coatings resulted in significantly improved cycling behavior for the thinnest aluminum films whereas aluminum oxide coatings did not improve the cycling behavior of the aluminum films. This summer we performed a similar investigation on vapor-deposited germanium, which has an even higher theoretical capacity per unit mass than aluminum. Because the mechanism of lithium-alloying is different for each electrode material, we expected the effects of coating the germanium surface with aluminum oxide or gold to differ significantly from previous observations. Indeed, we found that gold coatings gave only small or negligible improvements in cycling behavior of germanium films, but aluminum oxide (Al2O3) coatings gave significant improvements in cycling over the range of film thicknesses tested.