gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Rapid Graph-based Method for Arbitrary Transformation-Invariant Pattern Classification (1994)

We present a graph-based method for rapid, accurate search through prototypes for transformation-invariant pattern classification. Our method has in theory the same recognition accuracy as other recent methods based on distance [Simard et al., 1994], since it uses the same categorization rule. Nevertheless ours is significantly faster during classification because far fewer tangent distances need be computed. Crucial to the success of our system are 1) a novel graph architecture in which transformation constraints and geometric relationships among prototypes are encoded during learning, and 2) an improved graph search criterion, used during classification. These architectural insights are applicable to a wide range of problem domains. Here we demonstrate that on a handwriting recognition task, a basic implementation of our system requires less than half the computation of the Euclidean sorting method.
Identification of genes related to obesity in dogs (2007)

Forty‐two neutered/spayed beagles (average age = 7.5 ± 2.8 years) were identified for this study. Dogs were weighed, given a body condition score (BCS; 1=lean, 3=ideal and 5=obese) and a blood sample was drawn into a PAXgene blood RNA tube. Of the forty‐two beagles identified, 12 were classified as lean (BCS = 2.2 ± 0.3; BW = 10.5 ± 1.9 kg) and 30 as overweight (BCS = 4.3 ± 0.4; BW = 15.2 ± 3.3 kg). RNA was extracted according to the procedures provided in the PAXgene Blood RNA Kit Handbook (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). RNA was hybridized to an Affymetrix Gene Chip Canine‐2 Genome Array and normalized using Robust Multi‐Array Average. Transcripts having a P &lt; 0.01 (following a false discovery rate adjustment value of 0.1) and &gt; 1.3‐fold change were considered different among the two groups. Analysis of the RNA found differences in 815 genes between the two groups. Of the genes identified, 59 were expressed higher and 756 were lower in the overweight group when compared to the lean group. The genes with higher expression in overweight dogs were associated with fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and platelet derived growth factor signaling. The genes with lower expression in overweight dogs were associated with nucleotide metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, interleukin signaling, PPAR signaling, IGF‐1 signaling, insulin receptor signaling, amino acid metabolism, branch chain amino acid degradation and lipid metabolism.
Optimization of Hybrid Silicon Microring Lasers (2011)

In this paper, we review the recent optimization work in hybrid silicon microring lasers. Device structure and fabrication procedures are discussed first, followed by two major improvements in carrier injection and thermal management. A simple, well-controlled quantum well undercut leads to about 20% enhancement of injection efficiency. A silicon-on-diamond (SOD) substrate is demonstrated to fundamentally solve the device heating issue for silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based active devices. SOD rib waveguides show low propagation loss of 0.74 dB/cm, which is 0.2 dB/cm higher than SOI counterparts. More than 22× reduction of device heating in hybrid silicon microring lasers is projected by simulations.
Preparation of amorphous Fe2O3 powder with different particle sizes (1997)

A method for the preparation of amorphous Fe2O3 powder with particle size of about 25 nm is reported. The amorphicity of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and by electron diffraction measurements. The control of the particle size has been demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), surface area measurements (BET) and Quantum Design SQUID magnetization measurements. The magnetization of pure amorphous Fe2O3 is very low (<5 emu g–1) and it crystallizes at 285±10 °C. The measured properties demonstrated a strong dependence of the particle size on the concentration of Fe(CO)5 in decalin. The more dilute the solution, the smaller the particle size of the amorphous Fe2O3 product obtained.
Remdesivir is efficacious in rhesus monkeys exposed to aerosolized Ebola virus (2021)

Efficacious therapeutics for Ebola virus disease are in great demand. Ebola virus infections mediated by mucosal exposure, and aerosolization in particular, present a novel challenge due to nontypical massive early infection of respiratory lymphoid tissues. We performed a randomized and blinded study to compare outcomes from vehicle-treated and remdesivir-treated rhesus monkeys in a lethal model of infection resulting from aerosolized Ebola virus exposure. Remdesivir treatment initiated 4 days after exposure was associated with a significant survival benefit, significant reduction in serum viral titer, and improvements in clinical pathology biomarker levels and lung histology compared to vehicle treatment. These observations indicate that remdesivir may have value in countering aerosol-induced Ebola virus disease.
Physical literacy and policy alignment in sport and education in Australia (2020)

Sport Australia released the Australian Physical Literacy Framework (APLF) in 2019 to advance a national agenda for physical literacy (PL) and specifically, clarify and promote the development of PL in Australian sport and education sectors. For teachers, this policy initiative followed a period of curriculum development guided by the Australian Curriculum for Health and Physical Education (AC: HPE). The AC: HPE makes no explicit reference to PL, but nevertheless seeks to support young people to lead active healthy lives. This study acknowledged that HPE teachers are now challenged to navigate the divide between the APLF and AC: HPE and find ways to appropriately integrate the APLF into HPE programmes. The premise for the study was that investigating conceptual ‘common ground’ between the APLF and AC: HPE in relation to PL could provide an important foundation for coherent policy enactment. Accordingly, Whitehead’s (2001) foundational conceptualisation of PL was employed as an analytic framework for examination of both policy texts. The purpose was to identify points of conceptual connection between the APLF, AC: HPE and Whitehead’s conceptualisation of PL, and thereby strategically extend the PL discourses ‘at play’ across the Australian sport and education sectors. Findings suggest that while the AC: HPE and the APLF reflect differing policy agendas, the two texts both have some points of alignment with dimensions of Whitehead’s framework. Discussion pursues the significance of distinctions and commonalities identified and addresses issues that HPE teachers and other stakeholders need to consider to promote a coherent approach to PL in Australia.
Interfacial layer interactions: their effects on synclinic and anticlinic smectic mesophase behaviour in liquid crystals (2006)

Through the use of bulky cyclic terminal groups, anticlinic smectic C phases have been observed in 2-methylbutyl materials based on the MHPOBC motif.
Electrically driven quantum dot single-photon source at 2 GHz excitation repetition rate with ultra-low emission time jitter (2013)

The influence of the bias voltage on emission properties of a red emitting InP/GaInP quantum dot based single-photon source was investigated. Under pulsed electrical excitation, we can influence the band bending of the p-i-n diode with the applied bias voltage and thus the charge carrier escape by quantum tunneling. This leads to control over the non-radiative decay channel and allows carrier escape times as low as 40 ps, effectively reducing the time jitter of the photon emission. We realized high excitation repetition rates of up to 2 GHz while autocorrelation measurements with g(2)(0)-values of 0.27 attest dominant single-photon emission.
Radionuclide Sensors and Systems for Environmental Monitoring (2009)

We have developed automated sensor and monitoring devices for trace radionuclides in water, using preconcentrating columns and radiometric detection. The preconcentrating minicolumn sensor concept combines selective capture and detection in a single functional unit. We have demonstrated quantification of radionuclides such as technetium-99 to levels below drinking water standards in an equilibration-based process that produces steady state signals, signal proportional to concentration, and easy re-equilibration to new concentration levels. Alternatively, monitors can be developed with separate separation and detection units that are fluidically linked. We have demonstrated detection of strontium-90 to levels below drinking water standards by this approach. We are developing autonomous systems for at-site monitoring on the Hanford Site in Washington State.
Wi‐Fi Hotspots (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Enabling Technologies Advantages and Disadvantages for Deploying Hotspots Wireless ISP Roaming WISPr Operation Components of Wi-Fi Hotspot Chain Wi-Fi ISPs Wi-Fi/Cellphone Network Integration Case Study: Public Wireless LAN for Mobile Operators - Wireless LAN Beyond the Enterprise Summary References
Development and application of two novel monoclonal antibodies against overexpressed CD26 and integrin α3 in human pancreatic cancer (2020)

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology is an excellent tool for the discovery of overexpressed cell surface tumour antigens and the development of targeting agents. Here, we report the development of two novel mAbs against CFPAC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Using ELISA, flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, we found that the target antigens recognised by the two novel mAbs KU44.22B and KU44.13A, are integrin α3 and CD26 respectively, with high levels of expression in human pancreatic and other cancer cell lines and human pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays. Treatment with naked anti-CD26 mAb KU44.13A did not have any effect on the growth and migration of cancer cells nor did it induce receptor downregulation. In contrast, treatment with anti-integrin α3 mAb KU44.22B inhibited growth in vitro of Capan-2 cells, increased migration of BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1 cells and induced antibody internalisation. Both novel mAbs are capable of detecting their target antigens by immunohistochemistry but not by Western blot. These antibodies are excellent tools for studying the role of integrin α3 and CD26 in the complex biology of pancreatic cancer, their prognostic and predictive values and the therapeutic potential of their humanised and/or conjugated versions in patients whose tumours overexpress integrin α3 or CD26.
Prototype ultrasound transducer / system for intraoperative image-guided brachytherapy: proof-of-concept in a breast cancer patient (2020)

Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) involves the application of high dose radiation (HDR) to adjacent tissue following surgical resection of a tumor. Recently, it was shown that X-ray CT provides clinically useful image guidance to better verify the presence of air voids, or adjacency to skin or bone, that determine optimal, and safe, dosing. As a lower cost, safer and real-time alternative, we assembled a prototype ultrasound device to provide real-time intraoperative image guidance, viewed from within the minimally invasive HDR applicator, as a substitute for X-ray CT. Sequences of offset 2D image planes were interpolated to a 3D grid image data set. Imaging resolution was spatially variant (approximately 0.5 mm axial, 2 mm azimuth). We successfully conducted a single human patient study, involving a breast cancer resection, in an intraoperative setting. Despite a number of practical challenges relating to the dimensions and materials of the components employed, the prototype device worked satisfactorily. Air voids were readily evident in the reconstructed images. In addition to breast cancer, the method has applicability in other cancers involving tumor resection - e.g. prostate cancer.
Stereospecificity of the Dehydratase Domain of the Erythromycin Polyketide Synthase (2010)

The dehydratase (DH) domain of module 4 of the 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase (DEBS) has been shown to catalyze an exclusive syn elimination/syn addition of water. Incubation of recombinant DH4 with chemoenzymatically prepared anti-(2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl-ACP (2a-ACP) gave the dehydration product 3-ACP. Similarly, incubation of DH4 with synthetic 3-ACP resulted in the reverse enzyme-catalyzed hydration reaction, giving an ∼3:1 equilbrium mixture of 2a-ACP and 3-ACP. Incubation of a mixture of propionyl-SNAC (4), methylmalonyl-CoA, and NADPH with the DEBS β-ketoacyl synthase-acyl transferase [KS6][AT6] didomain, DEBS ACP6, and the ketoreductase domain from tylactone synthase module 1 (TYLS KR1) generated in situ anti-2a-ACP that underwent DH4-catalyzed syn dehydration to give 3-ACP. DH4 did not dehydrate syn-(2S,3R)-2b-ACP, syn-(2R,3S)-2c-ACP, or anti-(2S,3S)-2d-ACP generated in situ by DEBS KR1, DEBS KR6, or the rifamycin synthase KR7 (RIFS KR7), respectively. Similarly, incubation of a mixture of (2S,3R)-2-methyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl-N-acetylcysteamine thioester (2b-SNAC), methylmalonyl-CoA, and NADPH with DEBS [KS6][AT6], DEBS ACP6, and TYLS KR1 gave anti-(2R,3R)-6-ACP that underwent syn dehydration catalyzed by DEBS DH4 to give (4R,5R)-(E)-2,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-hept-2-enoyl-ACP (7-ACP). The structure and stereochemistry of 7 were established by GC-MS and LC-MS comparison of the derived methyl ester 7-Me to a synthetic sample of 7-Me.
Supplementary Figure 4 from A Central Role for RAF→MEK→ERK Signaling in the Genesis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2.1MB, MEK inhibition induces AKT activation&lt;/p&gt;
Impaired HDL Function Amplifies Systemic Inflammation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (2019)

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency, characterized by inadequate antibody responses and recurrent bacterial infections. Paradoxically, a majority of CVID patients have non-infectious inflammatory and autoimmune complications, associated with systemic immune activation. Our aim was to explore if HDL, known to have anti-inflammatory properties, had impaired function in CVID patients and thereby contributed to their inflammatory phenotype. We found reduced HDL cholesterol levels in plasma of CVID patients compared to healthy controls, particularly in patients with inflammatory and autoimmune complications, correlating negatively with inflammatory markers CRP and sCD25. Reverse cholesterol transport capacity testing showed reduced serum acceptance capacity for cholesterol in CVID patients with inflammatory and autoimmune complications. They also had reduced cholesterol efflux capacity from macrophages to serum and decreased expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1. Human HDL suppressed TLR2-induced TNF release less in blood mononuclear cells from CVID patients, associated with decreased expression of transcriptional factor ATF3. Our data suggest a link between impaired HDL function and systemic inflammation in CVID patients, particularly in those with autoimmune and inflammatory complications. This identifies HDL as a novel therapeutic target in CVID as well as other more common conditions characterized by sterile inflammation or autoimmunity.
Helix–coil transition of poly‐N5‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐L‐glutamine: Thermodynamic and statistical analysis (1969)

Abstract The thermally induced conformational changes of poly‐ N 5 ‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐ L ‐glutamine in water and in methanol–water (3:7 v/v) have been analyzed in terms of the Lifson‐Roig theory. The transitions in both solvents can be described by using v = 0.017. The thermodynamic parameters for the random coil‐to‐helix transition of one amino acid residue at room temperature were found to be: in water, Δ H = − 130 cal/mole and Δ S = − 0.45 e.u.; in methanol–water (3:7 v/v), Δ H = − 170 cal mole and Δ S = − 0.45 e.u. The size distribution of helical segments is broad, and the results of numerical calculations are presented for three degrees of polymerization (DP = 100, 300, and 750).
Evaluation of influence to electromagnetic environment on outside of building by PLC system using three‐wire three‐phase power line (2021)

Abstract In this paper, the influence to electromagnetic environment was evaluated on the outside of buildings where power line communication (PLC) systems were installed to a three‐wire three‐phase power distribution line. The electric field strength was measured at 140 points in five factories, in two office buildings, and in one stadium. Since many radio waves existed in the environment, the electric field strength when PLC system was operated and was not operated was measured. The influence was evaluated by the cumulated occurrence probability because the frequency characteristics of the electric filed strength changed by the measurement points. The results showed that the occurrence probability was not changed when the PLC system was operated and was not operated. The electric field strength was calculated by the common mode current obtained from the test result, and this indicated that the occurrence probability was lower than the measured occurrence probability of electric field strength.
DUSP6 regulates drug sensitivity by modulating DNA damage response (2013)

Our results provide a novel insight into the DUSP6 function in regulating genomic integrity and sensitivity to chemotherapy in cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetradecacobalt(II)‐Containing 36‐Niobate [Co14(OH)16 (H2O)8Nb36O106]20‐ and Its Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Activity. (2014)

Abstract Na 12 K 8 [Co 14 (OH) 16 (H 2 O) 8 Nb 36 O 106 ] ·71H 2 O is hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of K 7 [HNb 6 O 19 ], Co(NO 3 ) 2 , bipy, 4,4′‐bipyridine, and NaOH (autoclave, pH 11.7, 120 °C, 6 d, 14% yield).
An Adaptive Nonlinear Strategy of Electronic Throttle Control (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An adaptive electronic throttle control strategy is proposed with the aim to provide robust and precise positioning of the throttle plate. The control strategy consists of a PID controller and a nonlinear compensator of friction and limp-home effects. The adaptation mechanism includes auto-tuning and self-tuning algorithms. The auto-tuner provides automatic adjustment of the key control strategy parameters without any prior knowledge of the process parameters. The self-tuning algorithms are based on the permanent, on-line estimation of the DC motor armature resistance, battery voltage, and limp-home position. The control strategy and the adaptation algorithms are verified experimentally.&lt;/div&gt;
Meta-analysis of GWAS in canola blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) disease traits demonstrates increased power from imputed whole-genome sequence (2020)

Blackleg disease causes yield losses in canola (Brassica napus L.). To identify resistance genes and genomic regions, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 585 diverse winter and spring canola accessions were performed using imputed whole-genome sequence (WGS) and transcriptome genotype-by-sequencing (GBSt). Blackleg disease phenotypes were collected across three years in six trials. GWAS were performed in several ways and their respective power was judged by the number of significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), the false discovery rate (FDR), and the percentage of SNP that validated in additional field trials in two subsequent years. WGS GWAS with 1,234,708 million SNP detected a larger number of significant SNP, achieved a lower FDR and a higher validation rate than GBSt with 64,072 SNP. A meta-analysis combining survival and average internal infection resulted in lower FDR but also lower validation rates. The meta-analysis GWAS identified 79 genomic regions (674 SNP) conferring potential resistance to L. maculans. While several GWAS signals localised in regions of known Rlm genes, fifty-three new potential resistance regions were detected. Seventeen regions had underlying genes with putative functions related to disease defence or stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. This study provides insight into the genetic architecture and potential molecular mechanisms underlying canola L. maculans resistance.
Garcixanthone D, a New Xanthone, and Other Xanthone Derivatives From Garcinia mangostana Pericarps: Their α‐Amylase Inhibitory Potential and Molecular Docking Studies (2019)

The phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen, Clusiaceae) pericarps affords a new xanthone namely, garcixanthone D (1,3,5,6,7‐pentahydroxy‐2,8‐ bis (3‐methylbut‐2‐enyl)‐xanthone) ( 5 ), and four known metabolites: β‐mangostin ( 1 ), α‐mangostin ( 2 ), rubraxanthone ( 3 ), and garcinone E ( 4 ). Their structures are assigned using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) spectroscopic analyses, as well as through comparison with published data. The isolated metabolites are assessed for their α‐amylase inhibitory (AAI) potential. Compounds 4 and 5 have the highest activity, with a % inhibition of 93.8 and 85.6, respectively, compared to acarbose (96.4%, reference α‐amylase inhibitor). The molecular docking studies of the tested metabolites are expected to provide a rational explanation for the AAI activity results. Moreover, their pharmacokinetic parameters are assessed using Swiss ADME. It is noteworthy that compounds 4 and 5 have different binding poses compared to acarbose. They possess activity via different modes, such as H‐bonding, pi‐pi stacking, hydrophobic, and Van der Waal interactions. These data reinforce the health benefit of mangosteen as an alternative medicine to help to decrease postprandial glucose absorption. Therefore, mangosteen could have good potential for the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes and obesity.
A melt-processable squaraine-based organic glass for nonlinear optics (2012)

The synthesis and properties of a new indole-based squaraine dye functionalized with ethylhexyl substituents are reported. The chromophore displays a large two-photon absorption cross-section of ∼1490 GM at a resonance wavelength of 1160 nm. The crystalline material exhibits a melting temperature of 222 °C, which is sufficiently low to allow for melt-processing without significant thermal decomposition. Crystallization of the dye from the melt is exceedingly slow, so that amorphous glasses with a glass transition temperature of 60 °C can easily be produced, even without particularly rapid cooling. This allows the fabrication of thin films and more complex shapes, which offer a maximum of dye content, yet lack the scattering effects associated with organic crystalline materials.
Azithromycin Partially Mitigates Dysregulated Repair of Lung Allograft Small Airway Epithelium (2020)

Chronic airway injury and dysregulated repair programs are evident in airway epithelium obtained from patients with BOS, particularly with SAEC. We also show that azithromycin partially mitigates this pathology.
New Fresnel Köhler optical design: 9-fold photovoltaic concentrator (2013)

Non-uniform irradiance patterns created by Concentrated Photovoltaics (CPV) concentrators over Multi-Junction Cells (MJC) can originate significant power losses, especially when there are different spectral irradiance distributions over the different MJC junctions. This fact has an increased importance considering the recent advances in 4 and 5 junction cells. This work presents a new CPV optical design, the 9-fold Fresnel Köhler concentrator, prepared to overcome these effects at high concentrations while maintaining a large acceptance angle, paving the way for a future generation of high efficiency CPV systems of 4 and 5 junction cells.
An optical grating filter dry-etched on a LiNbO3 substrate (2006)

We fabricated an etched grating filter on a Ti-diffused waveguide in LiNbO3 using inductively coupled plasma etching with C4F8/Ar as an etching gas, which has an etching rate of 85.1nm/min. The etched grating filter had a reflectivity of 35% and a bandwidth of 0.02nm. Maximum reflectivity was obtained when the electric field of an incident beam was perpendicular to the grating.