gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of stearic anhydride in the presence of isopropenyl stearate (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of stearic anhydride in the presence of isopropenyl stearateMichael F. Kozempel and James C. CraigCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 13, 2063–2065Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60349a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60349a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preconditioning Shields Against Vascular Events in Surgery (SAVES), a multicentre feasibility trial of preconditioning against adverse events in major vascular surgery: study protocol for a randomised control trial (2015)

www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02097186 Date Registered: 24 March 2014.
Exploring the Binding Conformations of Bulkier Dipeptide Amide Inhibitors in Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthases (2005)

A series of L-nitroarginine-based dipeptide inhibitors are highly selective for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) over the endothelial isoform (eNOS). Crystal structures of these dipeptides bound to both isoforms revealed two different conformations, curled in nNOS and extended in eNOS, corresponding to higher and lower binding affinity to the two isoforms, respectively. In previous studies we found that the primary reason for selectivity is that Asp597 in nNOS, which is Asn368 in eNOS, provides greater electrostatic stabilization in the inhibitor complex. While this is the case for smaller dipeptide inhibitors, electrostatic stabilization may no longer be the sole determinant for isoform selectivity with bulkier dipeptide inhibitors. Another residue farther away from the active site, Met336 in nNOS (Val106 in eNOS), is in contact with bulkier dipeptide inhibitors. Double mutants were made to exchange the D597/M336 pair in nNOS with N368/V106 in eNOS. Here we report crystal structures and inhibition constants for bulkier dipeptide inhibitors bound to nNOS and eNOS that illustrate the important role played by residues near the entry to the active site in isoform selective inhibition.
GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes Integrated With Zinc Oxide Photonic Crystals (2012)

To improve the light output of GaN-based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), 2-D photonic crystals (PhCs) were integrated by selective growth of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</i> -axis-oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) rods on ZnO transparent electrodes. Submicrometer-pitched periodic and vertical structures with high refractive index enable the surface diffracting grating to serve as an efficient light extractor for LEDs. A chemical bath deposition of ZnO rods below 100 °C prevented PhC fabrication from damaging the underneath layers. The fabricated ZnO PhC with a period of 0.6 μm enhanced the light output by 1.4 times. The pitch dependence of the enhancement in the experiment was consistent with the prediction by numerical calculation. The obtained results demonstrate that the solution-grown ZnO exhibits excellent optical and structural properties for PhCs.
Efficient SW Design and SW Design Efficiency: Fuel for Software Defined Radios (2008)

Wireless access schemes will be implemented on software defined radios (SDRs) in the future. A main challenge is to implement wireless access schemes in software on SDR platforms. 'Efficiency' is there the key target! Indeed, the SW efficiency largely impacts the energy SDRs will drain from the wireless terminal's battery. Moreover, SW design efficiency has been shown to become more and more the bottleneck in the total design effort and time for flexible radios. Therefore, a strategic plan is proposed, and results of its implementation on wireless access schemes are presented. In the future, new challenges in SW design for SDRs pop up, yet opportunities to improve SW and design efficiency also come into sight.
Magnetic materials characterization using a fiber optic magnetometer (1985)

The fiber optic magnetometer is a relatively new sensor concept which shows promise for high sensitivity measurements. It employs glass fibers which are configured in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer where the fringe pattern output is extremely sensitive to path length changes. The sensing leg is sensitized to magnetic fields by electroplating the fiber with magnetostrictive Ni-Fe-Co alloys. The magnetic M properties of the metal-coated fiber are measured using an M-H looper and its magnetostriction λ using the fiber magnetometer setup. Data for Ni-Fe alloys are presented which compare the measurements of M and λ versus tension. From this data physical relationships between λ and M for the metal-coated fibers are identified.
The impact of different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate on mood symptoms in sequential hormonal therapy (2002)

The aim of this study was to compare adverse mood effects of two different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) during postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with and without a history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The study was designed as a randomized double-blind cross-over study and included 36 postmenopausal women at three health care areas in northern Sweden. The women received 2 mg estradiol continuously during five 28-day cycles and 10 mg or 20 mg MPA sequentially for 12 days during each cycle. The main outcome measures were mood and physical symptoms noted on a daily rating scale. We found that physical symptoms did not differ between 10 and 20 mg MPA. Both women with a history of PMS and women without responded with more negative mood symptoms with the lower dose of MPA. In women with previous PMS the higher dose of MPA enhanced positive mood symptoms. With respect to mood and physical symptoms, the aim to lower MPA doses in HRT is unwarranted.
Mechanical property enhancement in ceramic matrix composites (1989)

The fiber-matrix interfacial properties of several glass and ceramic matrix composites have been determined using two indentation techniques and a single fiber pull-out technique. An instrumented indenter was developed to improve the acquisition and analysis of the data. The effects of thermal expansion mismatch were determined from three model composite systems containing large SiC monofilaments using the single fiber pull-out test. An indentation push- out test was successfully used to determine the debond strength of a borosilicate matrix/SiC monofilament/carbon core material. A comparison of the various techniques for determining the fiber-matrix interfacial properties was conducted.
60 GHz high resistivity silicon on insulator interdigitated dipole antenna (2010)

Abstract The performance of a 60 GHz interdigitated dipole antenna integrated on SOI is described. The SOI substrate effect has been compensated by the introduction of an interdigitated structure. Good dipole matching impedance at 60 GHz over a bandwidth of 8% is obtained. Backside substrate metallization has been used to improve the radiation properties. A novel test method is used to measure the gain patterns of the dipole. The resulting measured radiation efficiency is 80% with a gain around 3 dBi at 60 GHz. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1197–1201, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25132
Infrared rapid thermal annealing for GaAs device fabrication (1983)

A new post-implantation annealing technique, called infrared rapid thermal annealing (IRTA), is discussed for fabricating GaAs devices using ion implantation technology. The IRTA apparatus and capless annealing conditions are described. Also, electrical property and its uniformity of n or n+ type GaAs layers made by Si implantation to semi-insulating GaAs followed by IRTA are presented, and compared with those made by Si3N4 capped furnace annealing. A steeper carrier concentration profile with a higher peak carrier concentration in the n type active layer made by IRTA results in a higher transconductance without any anomalous characteristics on the GaAs metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor.
Visual Rank Analysis for Search Engine Benchmarking and Efficient Navigation (2007)

In many important applications, the search for non-standard data types is essential. E.g., digital libraries and multimedia database systems offer content-based search functionality for images and 3D documents. Contrary to the annotation-based approach, where in-formation manually attached to the data objects if used for retrieval, in content-based retrieval, automatically derived meta-data is used. However, the quality of the meta data is crucial, and often, it a priori is not clear which meta data is best suited to execute a user-issued query. Owing to the multi-meta data problem, two crucial ques-tions arise: (a) how can different meta data (feature vector) schemas be benchmarked to assess their suitability for solving the retrieval problem effectively, and (b) how to support the user with issuing queries to the retrieval system, considering different choices for the type of meta data to engage in the search. In this paper, we address these questions in a two-fold contribu-tion. Based on the DARE visualization system, we first introduce an approach for the visual benchmarking of multiple meta data formats on a ground truth benchmark, supporting the optimization stage of the multimedia database design. We secondly propose a simple, yet effective visual interface to multiple, long lists (rankings) of answer objects for the user. The latter, based on relevance feedback infor-mation supplied by the user, allows the effective identification of the meta data schema best suited for executing the similarity queries at hand.
Determination of the Absolute Rate of Solar Photolysis of NO2 (1977)

Improvements made on the direct NO2 photolysis actinometer developed by J. O. Jackson have produced more precise data. A plot of measured values of the photolysis rate J1 vs Eppley uv photometer readings produces a curved rather than the straight line correlation previously reported. This curvature arises from the Eppley and NO2 absorption spectrum overlap, backround surface albedoes, the Ep-pley's cosine response and inherent errors in the chemical equation used. New J1 measurement vs Eppley data is shown, and a procedure for calculating instantaneous J-i values from an Eppley output is suggested.
A 400 MHz S/390 microprocessor (2002)

A microprocessor implementing IBM S/390 architecture operates in a system at up to 400 MHz (2.5 ns). The microprocessor, initially in IBM CMOS5X technology, migrated to CMOS6S by shrinking the FET length dimensions but not shrinking the interconnect dimensions. The chip is 17.35/spl times/17.30 mm/sup 2/ with about 7.8M transistors. The power supply is 2.5 V and measured power dissipation at 300 MHz is 37 W. The microprocessor features two instruction units, two fixed point units, two floating point units, a buffer control element, and a register unit. It dispatches one instruction per cycle. A PLL provides a processor clock at 2/spl times/ the system bus frequency.
An Instrumented Minimally Invasive Surgical Tool: Design and Calibration (2011)

Minimally invasive surgical procedures have improved the standard of patient care by reducing recovery time, chance of infection, and scarring. A recent review estimates that leaks occur in 3% to 6% of bowel anastomoses, resulting in “increased morbidity and mortality and adversely [affecting] length of stay, cost, and cancer recurrence” [23]. Many of these leaks are caused by poor handling and ischemic tissue. Detecting a change in temperature can indicate ischemic tissue. The optical absorption spectrum of a tissue can be used to detect tissue oxygen concentration and tissue ischemia. The electrical impedance of tissue changes as ischemia progresses. This article describes the development of a minimally invasive surgical tool with integrated sensors for replicating ischemia detection measurements during routine manipulation of the tissue. To be useful, this tool should be feasible for use in a real operating room, providing real-time feedback and diagnosis to the surgeon. The design of the tool and choice of the sensors leverages existing work in physiological measurements and surgical tool design. The tool includes a thermistor for measuring the temperature, four LEDs and a photodiode for measuring local optical absorption, and four electrodes for measuring the electrical impedance. The sensors are located on a 7 mm square sensor head, which is mounted to a minimally invasive grasper. A strain gauge and optical encoder monitor the applied force and position of the tool, and a motor controls both. This allows the tool to control the tool-tissue interface. Sensor accuracy has been validated through calibration.
Massive MIMO for Maximal Spectral Efficiency: How Many Users and Pilots Should Be Allocated? (2014)

Massive MIMO is a promising technique to increase the spectral efficiency (SE) of cellular networks, by deploying antenna arrays with hundreds or thousands of active elements at the base stations and performing coherent transceiver processing. A common rule-of-thumb is that these systems should have an order of magnitude more antennas, $M$, than scheduled users, $K$, because the users' channels are likely to be near-orthogonal when $M/K &gt; 10$. However, it has not been proved that this rule-of-thumb actually maximizes the SE. In this paper, we analyze how the optimal number of scheduled users, $K^\star$, depends on $M$ and other system parameters. To this end, new SE expressions are derived to enable efficient system-level analysis with power control, arbitrary pilot reuse, and random user locations. The value of $K^\star$ in the large-$M$ regime is derived in closed form, while simulations are used to show what happens at finite $M$, in different interference scenarios, with different pilot reuse factors, and for different processing schemes. Up to half the coherence block should be dedicated to pilots and the optimal $M/K$ is less than 10 in many cases of practical relevance. Interestingly, $K^\star$ depends strongly on the processing scheme and hence it is unfair to compare different schemes using the same $K$.
Endothelial Cilia Are Fluid Shear Sensors That Regulate Calcium Signaling and Nitric Oxide Production Through Polycystin-1 (2008)

We demonstrate for the first time that polycystin-1 (required for cilia function) and polaris (required for cilia structure) are crucial mechanosensitive molecules in endothelial cells. We propose that a distinctive communication with the extracellular microenvironment depends on the proper localization and function of polycystin-1 in cilia.
Measurement of ringing artifacts in JPEG images (2006)

Ringing artifacts refer to the noisy-looking vicinity of edges that are supposed to belong to a smooth object. In this paper, we propose a no-reference method to measure the visual impact of ringing artifacts for JPEG images. Unlike previous work, we perform a global analysis on the smooth regions in a JPEG image and classify them into different objects according to their colors and texture characteristics. We study the region activity for each type of the object in the image and assign an appropriate proxy object to each potential ringing region adjacent to an edge. The contrast between the noise levels of the ringing regions and their proxies are used to determine the visual impact of the ringing artifact. Finally, a ringing feature is computed for each edge pixel based on the feature values of the ringing artifacts in a local window. We thus obtain a ringing map to indicate the visibility of local ringing artifacts. Our preliminary results show a consistency between our model and the visual impact of the ringing artifacts.
Tensile Forces Stimulate Vascular Remodeling and Epidermal Cell Proliferation in Living Skin (2007)

Mechanical forces stimulate cell proliferation and vascular remodeling in living skin. As cell growth and vascular supply are critical to wound healing and tissue expansion, devices applying controlled mechanical loads to tissues may be a powerful therapy to treat tissue defects.
One-Bit DoA Estimation via Sparse Linear Arrays (2020)

Parameter estimation from noisy and one-bit quantized data has become an important topic in signal processing, as it offers low cost and low complexity in the implementation. On the other hand, Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) estimation using Sparse Linear Arrays (SLAs) has recently gained considerable interest in array processing due to their attractive capability of providing enhanced degrees of freedom. In this paper, the problem of DoA estimation from one-bit measurements received by an SLA is considered and a novel framework for solving this problem is proposed. The proposed approach first provides an estimate of the received signal covariance matrix through minimization of a constrained weighted least-squares criterion. Then, MUSIC is applied to the spatially smoothed version of the estimated covariance matrix to find the DoAs of interest. Several numerical results are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over its counterpart already propounded in the literature.
Mul-T: a high-performance parallel Lisp (1989)

Mul-T is a parallel Lisp system, based on Multilisp's future construct, that has been developed to run on an Encore Multimax multiprocessor. Mul-T is an extended version of the Yale T system and uses the T system's ORBIT compiler to achieve “production quality” performance on stock hardware — about 100 times faster than Multilisp. Mul-T shows that futures can be implemented cheaply enough to be useful in a production-quality system. Mul-T is fully operational, including a user interface that supports managing groups of parallel tasks.
ChemInform Abstract: Can an Aromatic Ring Alter the Reactions of a Nearby Unsaturated Imide? A Study of the Rate and Selectivity of Nitrile Oxide Cycloaddition Reactions of Acryloyl Derivatives of the Rebek Imide Benzoxazole. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monte Carlo Studies on Water in the dCpG/Proflavin Crystal Hydrate (1983)

The extensive water network identified in the crystallographic studies of the dCpG/Proflavin hydrate by Neidle, Berman and Shieh (Nature 288, 129, 1980) forms an ideal test case for a) assessing the accuracy of theoretical calculations on nucleic acid--water systems based on statistical thermodynamic computer simulation, and b) the possible use of computer simulation in predicting the water positions in crystal hydrates for use in the further refinement and interpretation of diffraction data. Monte Carlo studies have been carried out on water molecules in the unit cell of dCpG/proflavin, with the nucleic acid complex fixed and the condensed phase environment of the system treated by means of periodic boundary conditions. Intermolecular interactions are described by potential functions representative of quantum mechanical calculations developed by Clementi and coworkers, and widely used in recent studies of the aqueous hydration of various forms of DNA fragments. The results are analyzed in terms of hydrogen bond topology, hydrogen bond distances and energies, mean water positions, and water crystal probability density maps. Detailed comparison of calculated and experimentally observed results are given, and the sensitivity of results to choice of potential is determined by comparison with simulation results based on a set of empirical potentials.
Neuropeptide Y restores appetite and alters concentrations of GH after central administration to endotoxic sheep (1999)

The objective of this study was to determine whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) and recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) would: first, increase food intake; secondly, decrease concentrations of GH; thirdly, reduce GHRH-induced release of GH; and fourthly, reduce changes to concentrations of IGF-I in plasma during experimental endotoxemia in sheep. Six treatments were given to six castrated male sheep in a 6x6 Latin square treatment order. Osmotic mini-pumps were implanted at 0 h and a jugular vein was cannulated. Each sheep was continuously infused with saline (0.9%) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (20 micrograms/kg per 24 h, s.c.) at 10 microliters/h for 72 h via the osmotic mini-pumps. Blood samples (3 ml) were collected at 15-min intervals from 24 to 33 h. At 26 h, one of three treatments (artificial cerebrospinal fluid, NPY or IL-1ra) was injected i.c.v. within 30 s (0.3 microgram/kg), then infused i.c.v. from 26 to 33 h (600 microliters/h) at 0.3 microgram/kg per h. GHRH was injected i.v. (0.075 microgram/kg) at 32 h after which blood samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Feed intake was reduced up to 50% for 48 h in LPS-treated compared with non-LPS-treated sheep. NPY restored feed intake in LPS-treated sheep and induced hyperphagia in non-LPS-treated sheep from 24 to 48 h. In contrast, IL-1ra did not affect appetite. Injection of NPY increased concentrations of GH from 26 to 27 h, while IL-1ra had no effect. Infusion of NPY suppressed GHRH-induced release of GH. However, no treatment altered pulse secretion parameters of GH. Concentrations of IGF-I were 20% higher at 72 h in LPS-treated sheep given NPY than in sheep treated with LPS alone, and this may reflect increased appetite from 24 to 48 h. We concluded that reduced appetite during endotoxemia is due to down-regulation of an NPY-mediated mechanism. Furthermore, NPY stimulates release of GH in healthy sheep, does not reduce pulse secretion parameters of GH, but does suppress GHRH-induced release of GH in endotoxic sheep. Therefore, NPY may be an important neurotransmitter linking appetite with regulation of GH during endotoxemic and healthy states in sheep.
A Classification of Contour Deformities after Massive Weight Loss: Application of the Pittsburgh Rating Scale (2006)

Contour deformities after post–bariatric surgery weight loss are varied and often complex. Existing classification systems do not adequately address the various post–weight loss deformities that can occur in every part of the body. At the University of Pittsburgh, we have devised the Pittsburgh Rating Scale, a classification system that allows grading of 10 areas of the body on a four-point scale. The scale has been validated in a previous study. Currently, the scale is being applied during our initial assessment of the post–bariatric surgery weight loss patient. We have found that accurate classification can assist the surgeon in operative planning. The scale is useful in both classifying the individual deformities in a specific region and performing a comprehensive assessment.