gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Device design considerations for ultra-thin body non-hysteretic negative capacitance FETs (2013)

We present a simulation-based analysis of device design for ultra-thin body non-hysteretic Negative-Capacitance-FET (NCFET). Subthreshold swing dependencies on the relationship between the negative capacitance (from ferroelectric) and the positive capacitance (from the underlying MOSFET) are illustrated. To achieve less than 60mV/decade swing and hysteresis free operation, the negative capacitance needs to be smaller than the gate oxide capacitance, and be larger than the total underlying MOSFET capacitance within the operating voltage.
Superluminescent light emitting diodes: the best out of two worlds (2012)

Since pico-projectors were starting to become the next electronic "must-have" gadget, the experts were discussing which light-source technology seems to be the best for the existing three major projection approaches for the optical scanning module such as digital light processing, liquid crystal on silica and laser beam steering. Both so-far used light source technologies have distinct advantages and disadvantages. Though laser-based pico-projectors are focus-free and deliver a wider color gamut, their major disadvantages are speckle noise, cost and safety issues. In contrast, projectors based on cheaper Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as light source are criticized for a lack of brightness and for having limited focus. Superluminescent Light Emitting Diodes (SLEDs) are temporally incoherent and spatially coherent light sources merging in one technology the advantages of both Laser Diodes (LDs) and LEDs. With almost no visible speckle noise, focus-free operation and potentially the same color gamut than LDs, SLEDs could potentially answer the question which light source to use in future projector applications. In this quest for the best light source, we realized visible SLEDs emitting both in the red and blue spectral region. While the technology required for the realization of red emitters is already well established, III-nitride compounds required for blue emission have experienced a major development only in relatively recent times and the technology is still under development. The present paper is a review of the status of development reached for the blue superluminescent diodes based on the GaN material system.
Identification of apolipoprotein D as a cardioprotective gene using a mouse model of lethal atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (2013)

Mice with homozygous null mutations in the HDL receptor (scavenger receptor class B, type I, or SR-BI) and apolipoprotein E (apoE) genes [SR-BI/apoE double KO (SR-BI(-/-)/apoE(-/-) or dKO) mice] spontaneously develop occlusive, atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) and die prematurely (50% mortality at 42 d of age). Using microarray mRNA expression profiling, we identified genes whose expression in the hearts of dKO mice changed substantially during disease progression [at 21 d of age (no CAD), 31 d of age (small myocardial infarctions), and 43 d of age (extensive myocardial infarctions) vs. CAD-free SR-BI(+/-)/apoE(-/-) controls]. Expression of most genes that increased >sixfold in dKO hearts at 43 d also increased after coronary artery ligation. We examined the influence and potential mechanism of action of apolipoprotein D (apoD) whose expression in dKO hearts increased 80-fold by 43 d. Analysis of ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in both apoD KO mice and wild-type mice with abnormally high plasma levels of apoD (adenovirus-mediated hepatic overexpression) established that apoD reduces myocardial infarction. There was a correlation of apoD's ability to protect primary cultured rat cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury with its potent ability to inhibit oxidation in a standard antioxidation assay in vitro. We conclude that dKO mice represent a useful mouse model of CAD and apoD may be part of an intrinsic cardioprotective system, possibly as a consequence of its antioxidation activity.
<title>Research activities in optical communications at Universite Laval</title> (1998)

This paper presents a summary of some of the research activities conducted at the Centre d'optique, photonique et laser from Universite Laval that find applications in the field of optical communications. The subjects considered are: absolute frequency control, compensation of dispersion and nonlinear effects within dense wavelength division multiplexed systems, writing of in-fiber Bragg gratings, optical fast frequency-hopped code division multiple access, gain dynamics in Erbium doped fiber amplifiers, short pulsed emission at high repetition rates, dual wavelength operation of semiconductor lasers, applications of Fourier-transform spectrometers and holographic interconnections.
Enantioselective Partial Reduction of 2,5-Disubstituted Pyrroles via a Chiral Protonation Approach (2004)

[reaction: see text] The partial reduction of 2,5-pyrrole diester 1 followed by enantioselective protonation in situ to furnish synthetically useful building blocks is described. An enantiomeric excess of up to 74% was achieved using (-)-ephedrine and related analogues as chiral proton sources. The pyrroline product obtained could be recrystallized to give enantiomerically pure material.
Improved performance of InGaN/GaN flip-chip light-emitting diodes through the use of robust Ni/Ag/TiW mirror contacts (2015)

In this work, the authors report the incorporation of TiW alloy in InGaN/GaN-based flip-chip light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The advantages provided by the use of TiW are analyzed in detail. InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well LEDs with a Ni/Ag/TiW metal stack are found to tolerate high-temperature annealing better than those with a Ni/Ag metal stack. Highly improved current–voltage characteristics and enhanced optical output power are achieved for the devices with a TiW thin layer. These changes are ascribed to the higher reflectivity, smoother surface, and better ohmic properties of the device containing TiW after annealing. Better heat management of the device with TiW is demonstrated by comparing electroluminescence spectra of the two device structures. Overall, these factors resulted in devices with TiW exhibiting a higher external quantum efficiency than devices without TiW. Detailed x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of the reflector metal stacks reveal little intermixing of the layers after annealing in the devices with TiW. The results show that incorporation of TiW is a promising approach for the fabrication of high-performance InGaN/GaN flip-chip LEDs.
Supplemental Table 1 from Shifting the Balance of Activating and Inhibitory Natural Killer Receptor Ligands on <i>BRAF</i><sup>V600E</sup> Melanoma Lines with Vemurafenib (2023)

&lt;p&gt;List of antibodies used for flow cytometry.&lt;/p&gt;
<title>Plasma damage monitoring for PECVD deposition: a contact potential difference study and device yield analysis</title> (1998)

A study was conducted to monitor plasma induced charging during a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process. A contact potential difference (CPD) technique was used for the charge measurement on non-device blank wafers. In two TEOS based PECVD SiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition processes, one phosphorous doped and one undoped (USG), the plasma induced charging behavior was monitored while deposition conditions were varied. It was found that the process deposition pressure had a large effect on the plasma induced charging behavior. For both the PSG and the USG deposition processes, higher pressure process regimes offered significantly improved plasma charging performance than the conventional low pressure regimes. The CPD was reduced from -13.5V to 1.5V for the PSG process, and the CPD uniformity was reduced from 8.17V to 2.39V for the USG process. The improved deposition process conditions were tested on thin gate antenna test structures and correlated to significant improved device yield. Additionally, a plasma assisted de- chucking process was analyzed using the CPD technique and found to be an important source of plasma induced charging. When test were performed on thin gate antenna test structures the CPD again correlated well yield trends. In summary, the study demonstrated that CPD is a powerful, inexpensive, and rapid technique suitable for developing processes with improved gate oxide yield and for in-line monitoring of chamber performance.
Improving sentiment analysis using preprocessing techniques and lexical patterns (2021)

Sentiment analysis has recently gained considerable attention, since the classification of the emotional content of a text (online reviews, blog messages etc.) may have a relevant impact on market research, political science and many other fields. In this paper, we focus on the importance of the text preprocessing phase, proposing a new technique we termed lexical pattern-based feature weighting (LPFW) that allows one to improve sentence-level sentiment analysis by increasing the relevance of the features contained in particular lexical patterns. This approach has been evaluated on two sentiment classification datasets. We show that a systematic optimisation of the preprocessing filters is important for obtaining good classification accuracy. Also, we show that LPFW is effective in different application domains and with different training set sizes.
Toward industrial-strength keyword search systems over relational data (2010)

Keyword search (KWS) over relational data, where the answers are multiple tuples connected via joins, has received significant attention in the past decade. Numerous solutions have been proposed and many prototypes have been developed. Building on this rapid progress and on growing user needs, recently several RDBMS and Web companies as well as academic research groups have started to examine how to build industrial-strength keywords search systems. This task clearly requires addressing many issues, including robustness, accuracy, reliability, and privacy, among others. A major emerging issue, however, appears to be performance related: current KWS systems have unpredictable run time. In particular, for certain queries it takes too long to produce answers, and for others the system may even fail to return (e.g., after exhausting memory). In this paper we begin by examining the above problem and arguing that it is a fundamental problem unlikely to be solved in the near future by software and hardware advances. Next, we argue that in an industrial-strength setting, to ensure real-time interaction and facilitate user adoption, KWS systems should produce answers under an absolute time limit and then provide users with a description of what could be done next, should he or she choose to continue. Next, we show how to realize these requirements for DISCOVER, an exemplar of a recent KWS solution approach. Our basic idea is to produce answers as in today's KWS systems up to the time limit, then show users these answers as well as query forms that characterize the unexplored portion of the answer space. Finally, we present some preliminary experiments over real-world data to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution approach.
The role of renal superoxide dismutase (sod) on the slow pressor effects of angiotensin ii (2004)

Low doses of Ang II increased BP and oxidative stress after 14 days in rats. However, Ang II downregulated renal extracellular Cu-Zn-SOD (ECSOD), a major antioxidant defense system, without alteration of Mn-SOD or intracellular SOD (IC-SOD). We tested the hypothesis that in the absence of EC-SOD, Ang II causes even greater oxidative stress. We used EC-SOD wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice, treated with a slow pressor dose of Ang II (400 ng/kg/min) or vehicle for 2 weeks. Oxidative stress was apparent in the KO mice, since the excretion of 8-PGF2α was higher in KO (WT: 1.3±0.1 KO: 2.2±0.3 pg/day, p<0.01), however Ang II increased 8-isoPGF2α only in WT (WT: 2.2±0.2, p<0.01;KO: 2.0±0.2,ns). Further, renal cortex superoxide (O2-) concentration was higher in KO mice and also was increased by Ang II only in WT (WT:7.8±0.4 KO: 11.8±1.2mmol/mg prot,p<0.01; WT+AngII: 12.5±1.4, p<0.05; KO+Ang II: 12.9±1.3mmol/mg prot). Excretion of malondialdehyde (MDA) was also higher in KO and was increased by Ang II only in WT (WT: 32±3; KO: 60±8 nmol/day, p<0.01; WT+Ang II: 60±5 KO+Ang II: 54±7, ns). Na excretion, GFR, RBF and FF were not different between WT and KO and Ang II had no effect on each. Ang II increased conscious MAP similarly in both groups (WT +15±3 vs KO +16±3 mmHg, ns). Under anesthesia MAP was also similar (WT Ang II: 98±3 vs KO Ang II: 102±3 mmHg, ns). Renal mRNA expression for Mn- and IC-SOD did not differ between WT and KO. In WT mice the expression of EC-SOD was lower in Ang II treated mice (−1.6 fold). However, after Ang II, expression of IC-SOD mRNA was higher in KO (WT: +0.9 vs KO: +1.9 fold, p<0.01) but Mn-SOD was not different. In conclusion, EC-SOD KO mice have greater renal oxidative stress. However, Ang II failed to generate further oxidative stress or higher MAP in the absence of EC-SOD in knockout mice, possibly due to upregulation of renal IC-SOD, which may defend against the increased production of superoxide. Am J Hypertens (2004) 17, 20A–20A; doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.03.045
Urea Derivatives of 2-Aryl-benzothiazol-5-amines: A New Class of Potential Drugs for Human African Trypanosomiasis (2016)

A previous publication from this lab (Patrick, et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2016, 24 , 2451 - 2465 ) explored the antitrypanosomal activities of novel derivatives of 2-(2-benzamido)ethyl-4-phenylthiazole (1), which had been identified as a hit against Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. While a number of these compounds, particularly the urea analogues, were quite potent, these molecules as a whole exhibited poor metabolic stability. The present work describes the synthesis of 65 new analogues arising from medicinal chemistry optimization at different sites on the molecule. The most promising compounds were the urea derivatives of 2-aryl-benzothiazol-5-amines. One such analogue, (S)-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(3-fluoro-N-pyrrolidylamido)benzothiazole (57) was chosen for in vivo efficacy studies based upon in vitro activity, metabolic stability, and brain penetration. This compound attained 5/5 cures in murine models of both early and late stage human African trypanosomiasis, representing a new lead for the development of drugs to combat this neglected disease.
Integrating XMALab and DeepLabCut for high-throughput XROMM (2020)

ABSTRACT Marker tracking is a major bottleneck in studies involving X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM). Here, we tested whether DeepLabCut, a new deep learning package built for markerless tracking, could be applied to videoradiographic data to improve data processing throughput. Our novel workflow integrates XMALab, the existing XROMM marker tracking software, and DeepLabCut while retaining each program’s utility. XMALab is used for generating training datasets, error correction, and 3D reconstruction, whereas the majority of marker tracking is transferred to DeepLabCut for automatic batch processing. In the two case studies that involved an in vivo behavior, our workflow achieved a 6 to 13-fold increase in data throughput. In the third case study, which involved an acyclic, post mortem manipulation, DeepLabCut struggled to generalize to the range of novel poses and did not surpass the throughput of XMALab alone. Deployed in the proper context, this new workflow facilitates large scale XROMM studies that were previously precluded by software constraints.
Effect of .alpha.-cyano groups on neighboring group participation in carbonium ion reactions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of .alpha.-cyano groups on neighboring group participation in carbonium ion reactionsPaul G. Gassman and John J. TalleyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 12, 4138–4143Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00532a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00532a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Influence of DC-link fluctuations on three-phase induction motor drives (2009)

Modern induction machine (IM) drives are subject to a variety of system perturbations, possibly compromising machine performance characteristics such as speed, torque, and load current. This paper presents a three-phase induction motor drive system with an active IGBT rectifier, i.e. an active front end (AFE). The AFE converts the AC line input into a controlled DC-link voltage which is then used as input into a three-phase IM drive, based on an IGBT converter. A reconfigurable IM drive, i.e. the inverter, is controlled by the conventional PWM and space vector PWM based methods. This paper investigates the influences of the DC-link variations on the IM drive under each of these modulation strategies. A simulated drive is verified via an experimental test bed, and is then used to further study more extreme DC-Link fluctuations; specifically, variations 10 percent above and below the experimental value of 670 V. Phase current and voltage THD and spectra will be calculated to evaluate the fluctuations influence on performance characteristics. This system will be verified based on the control system rapid prototyping environment of dSPACE.
Commonly used prophylactic vaccines as an alternative for synthetically produced TLR ligands to mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (2010)

Currently dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines are explored in clinical trials, predominantly in cancer patients. Murine studies showed that only maturation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands generates mature DCs that produce interleukin-12 and promote optimal T-cell help. Unfortunately, the limited availability of clinical-grade TLR ligands significantly hampers the translation of these findings into DC-based vaccines. Therefore, we explored 15 commonly used preventive vaccines as a possible source of TLR ligands. We have identified a cocktail of the vaccines BCG-SSI, Influvac, and Typhim that contains TLR ligands and is capable of optimally maturing DCs. These DCs (vaccine DCs) showed high expression of CD80, CD86, and CD83 and secreted interleukin-12. Although vaccine DCs exhibited an impaired migratory capacity, this could be restored by addition of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2); vaccine PGE(2) DCs). Vaccine PGE(2) DCs are potent inducers of T-cell proliferation and induce Th1 polarization. In addition, vaccine PGE(2) DCs are potent inducers of tumor antigen-specific CD8(+) effector T cells. Finally, vaccine PGE(2)-induced DC maturation is compatible with different antigen-loading strategies, including RNA electroporation. These data thus identify a new clinical application for a mixture of commonly used preventive vaccines in the generation of Th1-inducing clinical-grade mature DCs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of endo‐Selective Epoxide‐Opening Cascades in Water (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Da CaPo++ - communication support for distributed applications (1997)

As the variety of applications, especially distributed multimedia applications, explodes, their requirements on communication-relevant tasks increase.Besides a communication architecture for dealing with traditional communication protocol processing, multicast features and security requirements have to be considered in an integrated manner.Therefore, a multicast-capable and security-aware communication subsystem is developed to provide necessary functionality to support an integrated set of reuseable application elements, e.g., audio/video-presentation, application sharing, picture phone, extended WWW browser, tele-banking, or tele-seminar.The main goal includes the provision of a real-world application framework, where different traditional and emerging applications can be managed modularily.Their needs and communication demands in terms of Quality-of-Service (QoS) attributes are specified by numerical values, e.g., bandwidth requirements, delay boundaries, reliability issues.Furthermore, functional features, such as multicast groups, encryption desires, or authentication requests can be selected.In turn, the developed communication subsystem allows for the preparation of flexibly adjusted communication protocols that provide requested functionality, e.g., error control schemes, multicast addressing, encryption, or authentication.Finally, a best suited service for these application requests is offered.
On‐line protein digestion and peptide mapping by capillary electrophoresis with post‐column labeling for laser‐induced fluorescence detection (2004)

A nanoliter enzyme microreactor was developed for on-line capillary electrophoresis (CE) peptide mapping of proteins, allowing picomole quantities of proteins to be digested. The enzyme microreactor was formed by immobilizing trypsin onto a monolithic capillary column, which was prepared by in situ polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate in a capillary. Highly efficient digestion of three protein standards was demonstrated. The detection of peptide fragments in CE was enhanced by post-column derivatization and laser-induced fluorescence detection. The microreactor has a volume of about 30 nL and is coupled with a separation capillary via a fluid joint for on-line digestion. The overall analysis, including digestion and separation, lasted only about 16 min. Column efficiencies > 300 000 plates/m were obtained for most peaks in the electropherogram of an on-line peptide mapping experiment of denatured alpha-lactalbumin under optimal conditions.
The Influence of Fracture Mechanism and Morphology on the Reliability and Validity of Two Novel Thoracolumbar Injury Classification Systems (2007)

Although both schemes were noted to have substantial reproducibility and validity, our results indicate the TLISS is more reliable than the TLICS, suggesting that the mechanism of trauma may be a more valuable parameter than fracture morphology for the classification and treatment thoracolumbar injuries. Since these injury characteristics are interrelated and are critical to the maintenance of spinal stability, we think that both concepts should be considered during the assessment and management of these patients.