gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pridopidine reduces mutant huntingtin‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress by modulation of the Sigma‐1 receptor (2021)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is neuroprotective in models of neurodegenerative diseases, among them Huntington disease (HD). Recent clinical trials in HD patients and preclinical studies in cellular and mouse HD models suggest a therapeutic potential for the high-affinity S1R agonist pridopidine. However, the molecular mechanisms of the cytoprotective effect are unclear. We have previously reported strong induction of ER stress by toxic mutant huntingtin (mHtt) oligomers, which is reduced upon sequestration of these mHtt oligomers into large aggregates. Here, we show that pridopidine significantly ameliorates mHtt-induced ER stress in cellular HD models, starting at low nanomolar concentrations. Pridopidine reduced the levels of markers of the three branches of the unfolded protein response (UPR), showing the strongest effects on the PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) branch. The effect is S1R-dependent, as it is abolished in cells expressing mHtt in which the S1R was deleted using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. mHtt increased the level of the detergent-insoluble fraction of S1R, suggesting a compensatory cellular mechanism that responds to increased ER stress. Pridopidine further enhanced the levels of insoluble S1R, suggesting the stabilization of activated S1R oligomers. These S1R oligomeric species appeared in ER-localized patches, and not in the mitochondria-associated membranes nor the ER-derived quality control compartment. The colocalization of S1R with the chaperone BiP was significantly reduced by mHtt, and pridopidine restored this colocalization to normal, unstressed levels. Pridopidine increased toxic oligomeric mHtt recruitment into less toxic large sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble aggregates, suggesting that this in turn reduces ER stress and cytotoxicity.
Creating secrets out of erasures (2013)

Current security systems often rely on the adversary's computational limitations. Wireless networks offer the opportunity for a different, complementary kind of security, which relies on the adversary's limited network presence (i.e., that the adversary cannot be located at many different points in the network at the same time). We present a system that leverages this opportunity to enable n wireless nodes to create a shared secret S, in a way that an eavesdropper, Eve, obtains very little information on S. Our system consists of two steps: (1) The nodes transmit packets following a special pattern, such that Eve learns very little about a given fraction of the transmitted packets. This is achieved through a combination of beam forming (from many different sources) and wiretap codes. (2) The nodes participate in a protocol that reshuffles the information known to each node, such that the nodes end up sharing a secret that Eve knows very little about. Our protocol is easily implementable in existing wireless devices and scales well with the number of nodes; these properties are achieved through a combination of public feedback, broadcasting, and network coding. We evaluate our system through a 5-node testbed. We demonstrate that a group of wireless nodes can generate thousands of new shared secret bits per second, with their secrecy being independent of the adversary's computational capabilities.
Supplementary Movie 4A from Ovarian Cancer Spheroids Use Myosin-Generated Force to Clear the Mesothelium (2023)

&lt;p&gt;File Type: .mov; File Size: &lt;1 MB.&lt;/p&gt;
Dynamic re-optimization of a fed-batch fermentor using adaptive critic designs (2001)

Traditionally, fed-batch biochemical process optimization and control uses complicated off-line optimizers, with no online model adaptation or re-optimization. This study demonstrates the applicability of a class of adaptive critic designs for online re-optimization and control of an aerobic fed-batch fermentor. Specifically, the performance of an entire class of adaptive critic designs, viz., heuristic dynamic programming, dual heuristic programming and generalized dual heuristic programming, was demonstrated to be superior to that of a heuristic random optimizer, on optimization of a fed-batch fermentor operation producing monoclonal antibodies.
Effect of point mutations onin vitrotranscription from the promoter for the large ribosomal RNA gene of yeast mitochondria (1987)

Initiation of transcription on mitochondrial DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied in an in vitro system with a mtRNA polymerase fraction reconstituted from separately purified components and with DNA templates containing the promoter of the gene coding for large rRNA. The effect of various point mutations in this promoter region was quantitated in assays containing a wildtype promoter in equimolar amount as internal control. Despite the strong conservation around the position at which RNA initiation occurs (ATATAAGTApuTA, initiation nucleotide underlined), none of the single point mutations abolished transcription-initiation completely. Some reduce the efficiency of initiation to 10-20% compared to the wild type promoter, while others have a much less pronounced effect. A change of the A at position +4 into a G even results in a promoter up mutation. Remarkably, alteration of the A at position +1 into a G or a T affects the efficiency of initiation only slightly and initiation is maintained at the same position.
Multiuser Wirelessly Powered Backscatter Communications: Nonlinearity, Waveform Design, and SINR-Energy Tradeoff (2018)

Wireless power transfer and backscatter communications have emerged as promising solutions for energizing and communicating with power limited devices. Despite some progress in wirelessly powered backscatter communications, the focus has been on backscatter and energy harvesters (EHs). Recently, significant progress has been made on the design of the transmit multisine waveform, adaptive to the channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), in a point-to-point backscatter system. In this paper, we leverage the work and study the design of the transmit multisine waveform in a multi-user backscatter system, made of one transmitter, one reader, and multiple tags active simultaneously. We derive an efficient algorithm to optimize the transmit waveform so as to identify the tradeoff between the amount of energy harvested at the tags and the reliability of the communication, measured in terms of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the reader. The performance with the optimized waveform based on the linear and nonlinear EH models is studied. The numerical results demonstrate the benefits of accounting for the EH nonlinearity, multiuser diversity, frequency diversity, and multisine waveform adaptive to the CSIT to enlarge the SINR-energy region.
Multi-Target Stool DNA Testing in Patients at Increased Risk for Colorectal Neoplasia Shows Similar Positive Predictive Value to Average Risk Patients (2018)

Introduction: While colonoscopy is recommended for patients in whom symptoms or history suggest increased risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), an invasive structural exam is not always feasible. Non-invasive multi-target stool DNA (MT-sDNA) testing is approved by the FDA for average-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but has not been evaluated in persons at increased risk. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) of MT-sDNA ordered in increased-risk individuals compared to those at average risk. Methods: In a large multi-setting practice, we identified all patients with positive MT-sDNA tests from 10/1/2014 to 12/31/2016. To identify patients at increased risk, we reviewed the medical record to assess for personal history of CRN, family history of CRC, aerodigestive cancer history, evidence of unexplained iron deficiency anemia or gastrointestinal bleeding, and presence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diagnostic colonoscopy and pathology reports were reviewed to enumerate neoplastic findings. PPVs for endpoints of any CRN, advanced CRN, CRC, right-sided CRN and sessile serrated polyps (SSP) for individuals at both average- and increased-risk were compared using 2-tailed Fisher exact tests. Results: 1035 patients with positive MT-sDNA testing were identified, 109 (11%) of whom were at increased risk. Median age was 74 years (interquartile range [IQR] 68-80) in the increased-risk group, compared to 68 years (IQR 61-74) in the average-risk group (p<0.0001). Sex distribution was similar between groups (43% male, p=0.92). Increased-risk conditions included iron deficiency anemia (42%), history of advanced CRN (17%), first degree relative with CRC at age ≤60 (17%), and rectal bleeding (13%). 84 of the 109 patients (77%) underwent diagnostic colonoscopy, compared to 821/926 (89%) average-risk patients (p=0.001). Of the 84, 52 (62%) had CRN, with 21 (25%) harboring advanced CRN. Two (2%) cases of CRC were identified. The PPV for any CRN was not significantly different between the increased- and average-risk populations (62% vs 69%, p=0.18). While SSP was more common in the average risk group, PPV for all other endpoints were similar (Figure). Conclusion: The PPV of MT-sDNA is similar across average- and increased-risk patient populations. Prospective studies are justified to evaluate MT-sDNA in increased-risk populations, particularly in those for whom colonoscopy is logistically or medically complicated.290 Figure 1. Positive predictive value of multi-target stool DNA test for colorectal neoplasms among 84 increased-risk compared to 821 average-risk patients.
Planar Hall ring sensor for ultra-low magnetic moment sensing (2015)

The field sensitivity of a planar Hall effect (PHE) micro-ring type biosensor has been investigated as a function of magnetizing angle of the sensor material, for the sensing of low magnetic moment superparamagnetic labels. The field sensitivity is maximal at a magnetizing angle of α = 20°. At this optimized magnetizing angle, the field sensitivity of a PHE sensor is about 3.6 times higher than that measured at the conventional configuration, α = 90°. This optimization enables the PHE-ring sensor to detect superparamagnetic biolabels with ultra-low magnetic moments down to 4 × 10−13 emu.
[A new gel for topical use in treating severe periodontal disease--clinical observations]. (2004)

Within the framework of the efforts to find non-invasive treatment methods for severe periodontitis, a topical gel was developed by an Israeli research group. The aim of the current study is to present clinical observations and X-ray measurements of alveolar bone changes following an 8 week, self-care periodontal treatment in two groups of patients with severe periodontitis. All 31 patients who participated in the study showed an improvement of the periodontal condition as expressed in all the indexes examined. The observation findings testify to the fact that through self-care using a topical gel, significant results were achieved: decrease in probing depth, decrease in bleeding, significant improvement in teeth mobility and in level of the alveolar bone height and its density. These clinical findings raise interesting research questions and hint at the potential for regeneration of supportive periodontal tissues in cases of severe periodontitis, currently achieved only through surgical means. In order to obtain more accurate data regarding the treatment potential of this gel, it is important to conduct additional controlled clinical trials on different populations and also to try and determine how it works.
Event segmentation reveals working memory forgetting rate (2022)

We encounter the world as a continuous flow and effortlessly segment sequences of events into episodes. This process of event segmentation engages working memory (WM) for tracking the flow of events and impacts subsequent memory accuracy. WM is limited in how much information (i.e., WM capacity) and for how long the information is retained (i.e., forgetting rate). In this study, across multiple tasks, we estimated participants' WM capacity and forgetting rate in a dynamic context and evaluated their relationship to event segmentation. A U-shaped relationship across tasks shows that individuals who segmented the movie more finely or coarsely than the average have a faster WM forgetting rate. A separate task assessing long-term memory retrieval revealed that the coarse-segmenters have better recognition of temporal order of events compared to the fine-segmenters. These findings show that event segmentation employs dissociable memory strategies and correlates with how long information is retained in WM.
Novel Application of Partially Positively Charged Silver Nanoparticles for Facilitated Transport in Olefin/Paraffin Separation Membranes (2008)

The interactions between BF4- ions (from the ionic liquid BMIM+BF4-) and the surfaces of silver nanoparticles caused the Ag surfaces to be partially positively charged, resulting in increased activity in silver-olefin complexation. The surface positive charge was confirmed by the increase in binding energy of the d5/2 orbital of the silver nanoparticles from 368.26 to 369.12 eV as the silver content increased. The surface positive charge and consequent enhancement in olefin complexation ability were exploited through the use of silver nanoparticles as a new type of olefin carrier for facilitated transport. As a result, membranes containing BMIM+BF4-/Ag nanoparticles demonstrated a mixed-gas selectivity of 17 for a 50/50 (vol %) propylene/propane mixture and showed stable performance for 100 h.
Algebraic Multiscale Linear Solver for Heterogeneous Elliptic Problems (2012)

An Algebraic Multiscale Solver (AMS) for the pressure system of equations arising from incompressible flow in heterogeneous porous media is developed. The algorithm allows for several independent preconditioning stages to deal with the full spectrum of errors. In addition to the fine-scale system of equations, AMS requires information about the superimposed (dual) coarse grid to construct a wirebasket reordered system. The primal coarse grid is used in the construction of a conservative coarse-scale operator and in the reconstruction of a conservative fine-scale velocity field. The convergence properties of AMS are studied for various combinations including (1) the MultiScale Finite-Element (MSFE) method, (2) the MultiScale Finite-Volume (MSFV) method, (3) Correction Functions (CF), (4) Block Incomplete LU factorization with zero fill-in (BILU), and (5) point-wise Incomplete LU factorization with zero fill-in (ILU). The reduced-problem boundary condition, which is used for localization, is investigated. For a wide range of test cases, the performance of the different preconditioning options is analyzed. It is found that the best overall performance is obtained by combining MSFE and ILU as the global and local preconditioners, respectively. Comparison between AMS and the widely used SAMG solver illustrates that they are comparable, especially for very large heterogeneous problems.
An MPTCP Option for Network-Assisted MPTCP (2016)

Because of the lack of Multipath TCP (MPTCP) support at the server
side, some service providers now consider a network-assisted model
that relies upon the activation of a dedicated function called MPTCP
Conversion Point (MCP). Network-Assisted MPTCP deployment models are
designed to facilitate the adoption of MPTCP for the establishment of
multi-path communications without making any assumption about the
support of MPTCP by the communicating peers. MCPs located in the
network are responsible for establishing multi-path communications on
behalf of endpoints, thereby taking advantage of MPTCP capabilities to
achieve different goals that include (but are not limited to)
optimization of resource usage (e.g., bandwidth aggregation), of
resiliency (e.g., primary/backup communication paths), and traffic
offload management. This document specifies an MPTCP option that is
used in the context of Network-Assisted MPTCP: MP_CONVERT.
287. Metabolites of Aspergillus sclerotiorum Huber (1964)

R. G. Micetich and J. C. MacDonald, J. Chem. Soc., 1964, 1507 DOI: 10.1039/JR9640001507
C-reactive Protein, Body Mass Index, and Diabetic Retinopathy (2010)

Persons with diabetes who had higher levels of CRP and BMI were less likely to have DR. Further research is needed to understand the interrelationship role of inflammation, body weight, and microvascular complications.
The AMD 400-G Adaptive SmartNIC System on Chip: A Technology Preview (2023)

This article presents the AMD 400-G Adaptive Smart Network Interface Card (SmartNIC) system on chip (SoC), a domain-specific architecture for offload acceleration of multitenant cloud network and storage applications. The article introduces the motivating factors behind SmartNIC and data processing unit accelerators in the datacenter. The article then describes how and why the adaptive SoC aims to strike a balance among software processing on embedded processors, fast-path application-specific integrated circuit-like processing on hardened logic, and adaptive and composable processing on an integrated field-programmable gate array. In architecting various subsystems of an SoC, the article describes how the device adapts to varying workloads over time through a dynamic function exchange of programmable logic (PL) and adapts to varying workloads over space by having different hardware execution pipelines executing alongside different PL binaries. The article also describes how security attestation and authentication, firewalls, and cryptographic acceleration permeate the device for a robust, multitenant confidential compute environment.
Comparative study of vulva and abdominal skin microbiota of healthy females with high and average BMI (2019)

These results indicate that physiological changes associated with changes in BMI may modulate the vulva microbiome.
Slab-coupled optical waveguide (SCOW) based optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) (2011)

We demonstrate a 3-GHz ultralow phase-noise (measurement limited <;-132 dB/Hz at 10 kHz offset) amplifier-free optoelectronic oscillator with significantly suppressed sidemode spurs (<;-140 dB) employing a slab-coupled optical waveguide external-cavity laser and photodiode.
The eRDS v6 Stereotest and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test: Two New Tests of Stereoscopic Vision (2023)

eRDS v6 is well suited as an outcome measure to evaluate treatments that improve adult stereodepth perception. VV can be considered for screening patient with compromised stereovision.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cisplatin Selects for Multidrug-Resistant CD133<sup>+</sup> Cells in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Activating Notch Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2.1MB, Cell differentiation and migration of GFP+ cells isolated from H460 cell line&lt;/p&gt;
Local Reactive Power Control Methods for Overvoltage Prevention of Distributed Solar Inverters in Low-Voltage Grids (2011)

The main objective of this study is to increase the penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) power production in low-voltage (LV) grids by means of solar inverters with reactive power control capability. This paper underlines weak points of standard reactive power strategies which are already imposed by certain grid codes, and then, the study introduces a new reactive power control method that is based on sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis shows that the same amount of reactive power becomes more effective for grid voltage support if the solar inverter is located at the end of a feeder. Based on this fundamental knowledge, a location-dependent power factor set value can be assigned to each inverter, and the grid voltage support can be achieved with less total reactive power consumption. In order to prevent unnecessary reactive power absorption from the grid during admissible voltage range or to increase reactive power contribution from the inverters that are closest to the transformer during grid overvoltage condition, the proposed method combines two droop functions that are inherited from the standard cos φ(P) and Q(U) strategies. Its performance comparison in terms of grid losses and voltage variation with different reactive power strategies is provided by modeling and simulating a real suburban LV network.
A pseudoduplication in Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (1979)

A double-banded variant of Prx-2 encountered in a single wild plant in a previous survey of the peroxidases of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium was subjected to genetic analysis. Segregations obtained from crosses of this true-breeding type with various alleles of Prx-2 yielded anomalous segregations that are not compatible with a single locus model and suggest activity of alleles of a gene at another, independent locus. A critical test was afforded by studying simultaneous segregation for the apparent duplication and for two alleles at the neighboring Prx-3, a gene which proves to be very tightly linked with Prx-2. The results of the new test revealed independence between the double-banded type and Prx-3, hence also between the former and Prx-2. The most tenable hypothesis stipulates that an independent gene mPx2(1) modifies post-translationally the product coded by Prx-2(+) to yield two electrophoretically separable isozymes. These results reveal the risk of assuming, without appropriate genetic tests, that gene duplication is necessarily the cause of multiple banding.
Fully stabilized, self-referenced thulium fiber frequency comb (2011)

The authors have demonstrated the first fully stabilized Tm fiber comb system. In conjunction with supercontinuum generation in the mid-IR the authors expect this system to become a major tool for advanced spectroscopy and precision-frequency metrology in the mid-IR spectral region. The large bandwidth of Tm fiber amplifiers and their high power capability will further enable new horizons in many areas of nonlinear optics.
Distributed Lossy Compression (2011)

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First preclinical results of orthotopic implantation of decellularized aortic valve conduits (2009)

Objectives: Clinical use of decellularized pulmonary valve conduits reached five years follow-up. Nevertheless, the use of decellularized aortic allografts stagnates due to absence of large animal model and insufficient preclinical data. We describe a technique and results of orthotopic valve replacement using decellularized aortic allografts in sheep.
Gravitational settling and dispersion modeling of fugitive dust sources (1982)

According to the findings of our study, the spinal length lesion, canal diameter at the level of spinal cord compression and intramedullary hematoma documented by the preoperative MRI study were associated with the prognosis of patients with cSCI.
Supplemental Figures w/ Legends from Phyllanthusmin Derivatives Induce Apoptosis and Reduce Tumor Burden in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by Late-Stage Autophagy Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;SF1: Synthesis &amp; characterization of PHYs, SF2: Purity of PHYs, SF3: PHY34 cytotoxicity in various cancer types, SF4: Additional in vivo data, SF5: PHY25 &amp; 30 cytotoxicity time course.&lt;/p&gt;
Correction: The complex genetics of gait speed: genome-wide meta-analysis approach (2017)

Applying HaploReg v4.1 analysis to the 536 variants resulted in 9 categories (Supplementary Table 8): miscRNA (1 variant); snoRNA (2 variants); microRNA (4 variants); snRNA (9 variants); pseudogenes (14 variants); sequencing in progress (43 variants); LINC RNA (86 variants); and 372 variants within protein coding genes. In addition, some variants annotate to the same gene resulting in a total of 139 genes (protein-coding or non-coding). Of those genes, 6 are exceptionally long, containing over a million base-pairs, the longest of which is PTPRT coded by 1117219bp. The shortest genes are the ones coding for micro (MIR3143) or small nuclear (U7) RNAs at 63bp each. There is only partial information regarding the chromatin state of each variant. However, from the information gathered in the analysis we observed 14 transcription start sites and 245 enhancers (Supplementary Table 8).