gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dammarane-Type Glycosides from the Steamed Flower-Buds of Panax ginseng (2010)

C without peeling) to enhance its preser-vation and efficacy. RG is more common as an herbal medicine than WG, because steaming induces changes in the chemical constituents and enhances the biological activities of ginseng. Moreover, there has been no study on chemical components from processed flower-buds of this plant to date. Subsequently, in continuation of our research on
Selective recrystallization of cellulose composite powders and microstructure creation through 3D binder jetting (2018)

Binder jetting is an additive manufacturing technique in which powdered material is sequentially laid down and printed on by an ink binder, in a selective manner, to form a 3D object. Unfortunately work in this area relevant to food materials is largely unpublished, however a typical application of this technique is sugar powder bound by a water and alcohol based ink with optional colour or flavour demonstrated by commercial ventures. In this work we demonstrate the use of a small scale powder layering device under an ink jet printer to test prototype powders prior to producing quantities typically used in commercially available binder jetting machines. Powders comprising predominantly of ball milled, amorphous cellulose were successfully used to create 3D structures when interacting polysaccharides were present in the ink (xanthan gum) and as a proportion of the powder component (glucomannan) by inducing selective recrystallization. These ingredients are categorized as dietary fibre, thus such formulations can be used to create low-calorie 3D printed food designs to be used within food products.
Maintenance olaparib after platinum-based chemotherapy in patients (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer (OC) and a BRCA mutation (BRCAm): Efficacy by surgical and tumor status in the Phase III SOLO1 trial. (2019)

5541 Background: In SOLO1 (NCT01844986), maintenance olaparib significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.23–0.41; Moore et al. N Engl J Med 2018) in pts with newly diagnosed advanced OC and a BRCAm. This analysis evaluates olaparib efficacy by timing of surgery, presence of residual tumor following surgery and response status after completion of chemotherapy in SOLO1. Methods: Pts underwent cytoreductive surgery and were in clinical complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) after platinum-based chemotherapy. Pts were stratified by response and received olaparib tablets 300 mg twice daily or placebo. Investigator-assessed PFS and objective response were assessed using modified RECIST v1.1. Results: 260 pts were randomized to olaparib and 131 to placebo; one pt did not receive placebo. Median follow-up was 41 months in both arms. 63% and 35% of pts underwent upfront and interval surgery, 21% and 76% had residual and no residual macroscopic disease after surgery, and 74% and 26% entered the study in clinical CR and PR (based on electronic case report form [eCRF] data). PFS was significantly improved regardless of the timing of surgery, residual disease status after surgery or response after platinum-based chemotherapy (Table). In pts with baseline radiologic evidence of disease (n=80; eCRF), the objective response rate was 43% for olaparib (CR, 28%) and 23% for placebo (CR, 12%). Conclusions: Maintenance olaparib improved outcomes compared with placebo in pts with newly diagnosed advanced OC and a BRCAm, regardless of surgical or tumor status. Clinical trial information: NCT01844986. [Table: see text]
Functional expression of SCO7832 stimulates tautomycetin production via pathway-specific regulatory gene overexpression in Streptomyces sp. CK4412 (2009)

Comparative transcriptome analysis has revealed several acidic pH shock-induced genes presumably involved with stimulation of antibiotic production by S. coelicolor (Kim et al. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007). Streptomyces sp. CK4412 produces a novel T cell-specific immunosuppressive compound, tautomycetin (TMC). When cultured at acidic pH medium, it also exhibited higher TMC productivity. To verify a gene responsible for acidic pH shock-induced TMC stimulation, a putative acid-shock-induced gene, SCO7832 encoding an Na(+)/H(+) antiporter protein, was cloned under the influence of a strong constitutive ermE* promoter in an integrative expression pSET152 vector. This was followed by its conjugation into the TMC-producing Streptomyces sp. CK4412. Comparing TMC production and antifungal activity of wild-type and the SCO7832-containing exconjugant revealed that SCO7832 stimulated TMC production more than 3.5-fold in Streptomyces sp. CK4412. The over-expression of SCO7832 did not affect the ratio between intra- and extra-cellular TMC productions. However, it significantly stimulated the expression of a TMC-specific positive regulatory gene. This implies that the stimulatory effect of SCO7832 functions in TMC-producing Streptomyces sp. CK4412 via up-regulation of a TMC pathway-specific positive regulatory gene, tmcN overexpression.
A 7T transmit and receive array combination for simultaneous investigation of electrophysiology and fMRI in non-human primates (2015)

Simultaneous investigation of electrophysiology and fMRI in non-human primates presents several challenges on RF coil design. Transmit coil structure should allow access for electrodes from different orientations to allow recordings from different brain regions. Receive arrays must be designed around head posts fixed on the animal head, leading to non-optimum coil orientations in the helmet. In cases with more than one head posts, the receive array must be on two separable halves of the helmet. We developed an RF coil arrangement that optimizes the SNR and provides access for recordings from different regions of the brain.
Inside Project Brainwave's Cloud-Scale, Real-Time AI Processor (2019)

Growing computational demands from deep neural networks (DNNs), coupled with diminishing returns from general-purpose architectures, have led to a proliferation of Neural Processing Units (NPUs). This paper describes the Project Brainwave NPU (BW-NPU), a parameterized microarchitecture specialized at synthesis time for convolutional and recurrent DNN workloads. The BW-NPU deployed on an Intel Stratix 10 280 FPGA achieves sustained performance of 35 teraflops at a batch size of 1 on a large recurrent neural network (RNN).
An Easy Entry into Berbane and Alloyohimbane Alkaloids via a 6-exo Radical Cyclization (2001)

[reaction: see text] The pharmacologically important tetracyclic berbane and pentacyclic alloyohimbane structures were prepared efficiently in four steps including a stereoselective 6-exo radical cyclization using xanthates as the radical source.
Identification of two novel and potent competitive inhibitors of the glucose‐6‐phosphatase catalytic protein (2002)

These data demonstrated that these compounds were more potent inhibitors on G-6-Pase obtained from pig microsomes and were able to penetrate the microsomal membrane. The hepatocyte data further support the kinetic data, and are also consistent with the evoked mechanism of action.
Cloudy Computing: Leveraging Weather Forecasts in Energy Harvesting Sensor Systems (2010)

To sustain perpetual operation, systems that harvest environmental energy must carefully regulate their usage to satisfy their demand. Regulating energy usage is challenging if a system's demands are not elastic and its hardware components are not energy-proportional, since it cannot precisely scale its usage to match its supply. Instead, the system must choose when to satisfy its energy demands based on its current energy reserves and predictions of its future energy supply. In this paper, we explore the use of weather forecasts to improve a system's ability to satisfy demand by improving its predictions. We analyze weather forecast, observational, and energy harvesting data to formulate a model that translates a weather forecast to a wind or solar energy harvesting prediction, and quantify its accuracy. We evaluate our model for both energy sources in the context of two different energy harvesting sensor systems with inelastic demands: a sensor testbed that leases sensors to external users and a lexicographically fair sensor network that maintains steady node sensing rates. We show that using weather forecasts in both wind- and solar-powered sensor systems increases each system's ability to satisfy its demands compared with existing prediction strategies.
A terahertz chemical microscopy for an agar culture medium (2014)

In the field of life science, the research trends are to visualize `living' materials as it is, whereas most of conventional imaging methods require pre-treatments to living samples. In our group, a terahertz chemical microscope (TCM) has been proposed and developed to investigate metabolism by the cell activity. Here the agar medium, which was generally used to cultivate cells, was immobilized on the sensing plate of TCM and the concentration of the glucose in the buffer solutions on it was detected as the terahertz amplitude shift. This result suggests that the TCM can detect the glucose in the solutions and it may possible to detect the cell activity cultivated on the agar mediums.
Structure–Activity Relationship Study of 16 a‐Thiocamptothecins: an Integrated In Vitro and In Silico Approach (2010)

The instability of the hydroxylactone E ring represents a critical drawback of camptothecins, because the lactone ring is recognized to be essential for stabilization of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage. In an attempt to investigate the effect of the thiopyridone pharmacophofore on the molecular and pharmacological features of the drug, we prepared a series of novel 16 a-thiocamptothecin analogues. Due to the sulfur atom, a destabilization of the hydrogen bond between the hydroxy group in position 17 of the opened E ring and the carbonyl of the pyridone moiety is predicted, thus shifting the equilibrium toward the closed lactone form and increasing the lipophilic properties of the compounds. This feature was associated with superior antiproliferative potency, with reduced interaction with the human serum albumin and with substantial increase of the persistence of the topoisomerase I-DNA cleavable complex. These effects were prominent for thio-SN38, the most active compound of the series. The favorable interactions at the molecular and cellular level of the reported thiocamptothecins confer promising features, and these compounds warrant preclinical development.
Lithography Based on Molecular Glasses (2005)

Several novel classes of molecular glasses were synthesized as photoresist materials for next generation lithography. These compounds were protected by protecting groups for chemically amplified systems and proved to possess high glass transition temperature (Tg) as well as amorphous properties. A positive-tone photoresist system with hexa(t-butoxy- carbonyloxyphenyl)benzene was demonstrated using E-beam lithography and 200 nm pattern size was obtained.
Acetoacetylation with Diketene Catalyzed by 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (1989)

A useful procedure for the acetoacetylation of alcohols 1 with diketene 2 to acetoacetic esters 3 is reported.
Normal Alcohol Metabolism after Gastric Banding and Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Case-Cross-Over Trial (2012)

Patients undergoing LAGB and LSG do not share the same altered alcohol metabolism as seen in gastric bypass patients. However, all bariatric surgery patients should be counseled regarding alcohol use.
Modeling of heat transfer and fluid flow during gas tungsten arc spot welding of low carbon steel (2003)

The evolution of temperature and velocity fields during gas tungsten arc spot welding of AISI 1005 steel was studied using a transient numerical model. The calculated geometry of the weld fusion zone and heat affected zone and the weld thermal cycles were in good agreement with the corresponding experimental results. Dimensional analysis was used to understand the importance of heat transfer by conduction and convection at various stages of the evolution of the weld pool and the role of various driving forces for convection in the liquid pool. The calculated cooling rates are found to be almost independent of position between the 1073 and 773 K (800 and 500 °C) temperature range, but vary significantly at the onset of solidification at different portions of the weld pool. During solidification, the mushy zone grew significantly with time until the pure liquid region vanished. The solidification rate of the mushy zone/solid interface was shown to increase while the temperature gradient in the mushy zone at this interface was shown to decrease as solidification of the weld pool progressed. Tracking these solidification parameters with time shows that the weld pool solidifies with decreasing interface stability, i.e., with a higher tendency to form dendrites towards the center of the weld.
Hallucinations during Voriconazole Therapy (2008)

As part of a prospective natural history cohort study of voriconazole toxicity, we describe the characteristics of 12 of 72 voriconazole-treated patients who experienced hallucinations from March 2006 through November 2007. Hallucinations associated with voriconazole use are not uncommon. Doctors should be aware of this complication, and the recipients of the drug should be reassured that the hallucinations are an effect of the drug.
Alkyne modified purines for assessing activation of Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites and growth of pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stages in Plasmodium spp (2021)

ABSTRACT Malaria is a major global health problem which predominantly afflicts developing countries. Although many antimalarial therapies are currently available, the protozoan parasite causing this disease, Plasmodium spp., continues to evade eradication efforts. One biological phenomenon hampering eradication efforts is the parasite’s ability to arrest development, transform into a drug-insensitive form, and then resume growth post-therapy. Currently, the mechanisms by which the parasite enters arrested development, or dormancy, and later recrudesces or reactivates to continue development, are unknown and the malaria field lacks techniques to study these elusive mechanisms. Since Plasmodium spp. salvage purines for DNA synthesis, we hypothesized that alkyne-containing purine nucleosides could be used to develop a DNA synthesis marker which could be used to investigate mechanisms behind dormancy. Using copper-catalyzed click chemistry methods, we observe incorporation of alkyne modified adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine in actively replicating asexual blood stages of P. falciparum and incorporation of modified adenosine in actively replicating liver stage schizonts of P. vivax. Notably, these modified purines were not incorporated in dormant liver stage hypnozoites, suggesting this marker could be used as a tool to differentiate replicating and non-replicating liver forms and, more broadly, a tool for advancing our understanding Plasmodium dormancy mechanisms.
Therapies for tuberculosis and AIDS: myeloid-derived suppressor cells in focus (2020)

The critical role of suppressive myeloid cells in immune regulation has come to the forefront in cancer research, with myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as a main oncology immunotherapeutic target. Recent improvement and standardization of criteria classifying tumor-induced MDSCs have led to unified descriptions and also promoted MDSC research in tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS. Despite convincing evidence on the induction of MDSCs by pathogen-derived molecules and inflammatory mediators in TB and AIDS, very little attention has been given to their therapeutic modulation or roles in vaccination in these diseases. Clinical manifestations in TB are consequences of complex host-pathogen interactions and are substantially affected by HIV infection. Here we summarize the current understanding and knowledge gaps regarding the role of MDSCs in HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (co)infections. We discuss key scientific priorities to enable application of this knowledge to the development of novel strategies to improve vaccine efficacy and/or implementation of enhanced treatment approaches. Building on recent findings and potential for cross-fertilization between oncology and infection biology, we highlight current challenges and untapped opportunities for translating new advances in MDSC research into clinical applications for TB and AIDS.
Novel Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Combat Hepatocellular Carcinoma without Inducing Chemoresistance (2013)

Treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma using chemotherapeutics at intermediate and advanced stages of disease are limited as patients most rapidly escape from therapy and succumb to disease progression. Mechanisms of the hepatic xenobiotic metabolism are mostly involved in providing chemoresistance to therapeutic compounds. Given the fact that the aberrant activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) is frequently observed in hepatocellular carcinomas, we focused on the efficacy of the novel compounds BA-12 and BP-14 that antagonize CDK1/2/5/7 and CDK9. Inhibition of those CDKs in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines reduced the clonogenicity by arresting cells in S-G2 and G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. In contrast, primary human hepatocytes failed to show cytotoxicity and apoptosis. No loss of chemosensitivity was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells after long-term exposure to inhibitors. In vivo, treatment of xenografted human hepatocellular carcinomas with BA-12 or BP-14 effectively repressed tumor formation. Moreover, BA-12 or BP-14 significantly diminished diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatoma development in mice. These data show that BA-12 or BP-14 exhibit strong antitumorigenic effects in the absence of chemoresistance, resulting in a superior efficacy compared with currently used chemotherapeutics in hepatocellular carcinomas.
Patient Powered Device for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2013)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in which the throat repeatedly closes during sleep, interrupts breathing and then sleep, and can contribute to morbidity such as daytime sleepiness, cardiovascular consequences, and premature death. Standard treatment with a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine delivers positive pressure through a mask to splint the airway open. However, CPAP is expensive, noisy, and requires electricity, all of which can limit access and nightly adherence. A concept for a mechanical CPAP device designed to be powered by the natural work of breathing rather than an external electrical source is presented in this Design Innovation paper.
Mutation analysis links angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma to clonal hematopoiesis and smoking (2021)

R01 grant (CA194547) from the National Cancer Institute to WT.
Enabling Care Continuity using a Digital Health Wallet (2019)

Clinical records capture the temporal, participatory, and interventional details of the care provision process. The exchange of these records plays a critical role in care continuity. Recently, there has been increasing attention on health data privacy and confidentiality which translates to questions on ownership and accessibility of clinical records. Traditional approaches to remedy this stand the risk of reducing the accessibility of these records, making care continuity across facilities more difficult. This poses a need for mechanisms that would enable the secure exchange of health data without adversely affecting the access to clinical records. This paper presents the Digital Health Wallet (DHW); a blockchain-enabled system that allows seamless clinical workflow orchestration and patient-mediated data exchange through consent management in a privacy-preserving manner. We conducted a preliminary test to benchmark the performance of DHW in resource-constrained healthcare facilities in developing countries.
Landscape of somatic single-nucleotide and copy-number mutations in uterine serous carcinoma (2013)

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a biologically aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer. We analyzed the mutational landscape of USC by whole-exome sequencing of 57 cancers, most of which were matched to normal DNA from the same patients. The distribution of the number of protein-altering somatic mutations revealed that 52 USC tumors had fewer than 100 (median 36), whereas 5 had more than 3,000 somatic mutations. The mutations in these latter tumors showed hallmarks of defects in DNA mismatch repair. Among the remainder, we found a significantly increased burden of mutation in 14 genes. In addition to well-known cancer genes (i.e., TP53, PIK3CA, PPP2R1A, KRAS, FBXW7), there were frequent mutations in CHD4/Mi2b, a member of the NuRD-chromatin-remodeling complex, and TAF1, an element of the core TFIID transcriptional machinery. Additionally, somatic copy-number variation was found to play an important role in USC, with 13 copy-number gains and 12 copy-number losses that occurred more often than expected by chance. In addition to loss of TP53, we found frequent deletion of a small segment of chromosome 19 containing MBD3, also a member of the NuRD-chromatin-modification complex, and frequent amplification of chromosome segments containing PIK3CA, ERBB2 (an upstream activator of PIK3CA), and CCNE1 (a target of FBXW7-mediated ubiquitination). These findings identify frequent mutation of DNA damage, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle, and cell proliferation pathways in USC and suggest potential targets for treatment of this lethal variant of endometrial cancer.
Orthogonal Matching Pursuit From Noisy Random Measurements: A New Analysis (2009)

A well-known analysis of Tropp and Gilbert shows that orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) can recover a k-sparse n-dimensional real vector from m = 4k log(n) noise-free linear measurements obtained through a random Gaussian measurement matrix with a probability that approaches one as n → ∞. This work strengthens this result by showing that a lower number of measurements, m = 2k log(n - k), is in fact sufficient for asymptotic recovery. More generally, when the sparsity level satisfies kmin ≤ k ≤ kmax but is unknown, m = 2kmax log(n - kmin) measurements is sufficient. Furthermore, this number of measurements is also sufficient for detection of the sparsity pattern (support) of the vector with measurement errors provided the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scales to infinity. The scaling m = 2k log(n - k) exactly matches the number of measurements required by the more complex lasso method for signal recovery in a similar SNR scaling.
Serological pattern ?anti-HBc alone?: Report on a workshop (2000)

In areas with low hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity such as most parts of Europe and the United States "anti-HBc alone" is found in 10-20% of all individuals with HBV markers, i.e., 1-4% of the population. In about 10% of these individuals HBV DNA is detected by PCR, the proportions varying greatly depending on the population studied, being highest in individuals coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (above 35%) and HIV (above 85%). A small proportion of individuals with "anti-HBc alone" are in the window phase of an HBV infection or in a stage of late HBV immunity. For the large proportion of these individuals this is not the case and they are thought to have an unresolved HBV-infection or a chronic infection in a late or "low grade" productive state. Currently, limited studies have been performed concerning the clinical aspects of individuals with "anti-HBc alone" and suspected chronic HBV infection. The majority of these individuals seem to be healthy. Some chronic carriers with "anti-HBc alone," however, do present signs of chronic hepatitis. Individuals with "anti-HBc alone" are potentially infectious. This is exemplified by a few case reports of HBV transmission to sexual contacts, perinatal transmission between mother and newborns and in blood recipients. Recommendations are given in relation to both the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the individuals with "anti-HBc alone" and in the blood banking and transplantation services.