gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thin holographic camera with integrated reference distribution (2011)

Off-axis digital holography typically uses a beam splitter to combine reference and object waves at an angle matched to the sampling period of the sensor array. The beam splitter determines the thickness of the recording system. This paper describes and demonstrates a total internal reflection hologram that replaces the beam splitter and enables hologram recording over a large aperture with a thin camera.
First-principles calculations for saturable absorption in graphite (2017)

We present first-principles calculations for saturable absorption in graphite based on time-dependent density functional theory. Solving time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation for bulk graphite under a strong and ultrashort electric field, we have succeeded to investigate the temporal behavior of saturable absorption without any empirical parameters. It is found that the saturation takes place for ultrashort pulses of intensities stronger than 1010W/cm2, in good agreement with observation. Mechanisms leading to the saturation is discussed from microscopic viewpoints.
FingerprinTV: Fingerprinting Smart TV Apps (2022)

This paper proposes FingerprinTV, a fully automated methodology for extracting fingerprints from the network traffic of smart TV apps and assessing their performance. FingerprinTV (1) installs, repeatedly launches, and collects network traffic from smart TV apps; (2) extracts three different types of network fingerprints for each app, i.e., domain-based fingerprints (DBF), packet-pair-based fingerprints (PBF), and TLS-based fingerprints (TBF); and (3) analyzes the extracted fingerprints in terms of their prevalence, distinctiveness, and sizes. From applying FingerprinTV to the top-1000 apps of the three most popular smart TV platforms, we find that smart TV app network fingerprinting is feasible and effective: even the least prevalent type of fingerprint manifests itself in at least 68% of apps of each platform, and up to 89% of fingerprints uniquely identify a specific app when two fingerprinting techniques are used together. By analyzing apps that exhibit identical fingerprints, we find that these apps often stem from the same developer or “no code” app generation toolkit. Furthermore, we show that many apps that are present on all three platforms exhibit platformspecific fingerprints.
Reactive information foraging for evolving goals (2010)

Information foraging models have predicted the navigation paths of people browsing the web and (more recently) of programmers while debugging, but these models do not explicitly model users' goals evolving over time. We present a new information foraging model called PFIS2 that does model information seeking with potentially evolving goals. We then evaluated variants of this model in a field study that analyzed programmers' daily navigations over a seven-month period. Our results were that PFIS2 predicted users' navigation remarkably well, even though the goals of navigation, and even the information landscape itself, were changing markedly during the pursuit of information.
Inter-strain heterogeneity in rat hepatic transcriptomic responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (2012)

The biochemical and toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) have been the subject of intense study for decades. It is now clear that essentially all TCDD-induced toxicities are mediated by DNA-protein interactions involving the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR). Nevertheless, it remains unknown which AHR target genes cause TCDD toxicities. Several groups, including our own, have developed rodent model systems to probe these questions. mRNA expression profiling of these model systems has revealed significant inter-species heterogeneity in rodent hepatic responses to TCDD. It has remained unclear if this variability also exists within a species, amongst rodent strains. To resolve this question, we profiled the hepatic transcriptomic response to TCDD of diverse rat strains (L-E, H/W, F344 and Wistar rats) and two lines derived from L-E×H/W crosses, at consistent age, sex, and dosing (100 μg/kg TCDD for 19 h). Using this uniquely consistent dataset, we show that the majority of TCDD-induced alterations in mRNA abundance are strain/line-specific: only 11 genes were affected by TCDD across all strains, including well-known dioxin-responsive genes such as Cyp1a1 and Nqo1. Our analysis identified two novel universally dioxin-responsive genes as well as 4 genes induced by TCDD in dioxin-sensitive rats only. These 6 genes are strong candidates to explain TCDD-related toxicities, so we validated them using 152 animals in time-course (0 to 384 h) and dose-response (0 to 3000 μg/kg) experiments. This study reveals that different rat strains exhibit dramatic transcriptional heterogeneity in their hepatic responses to TCDD and that inter-strain comparisons can help identify candidate toxicity-related genes.
Supplemental Materials and Methods from M-COPA, a Golgi Disruptor, Inhibits Cell Surface Expression of MET Protein and Exhibits Antitumor Activity against MET-Addicted Gastric Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Materials and Methods for "Authentication of cell lines"&lt;/p&gt;
Sources of off-target effects of vagus nerve stimulation using the helical clinical lead in domestic pigs (2020)

Our data resolve conflicting reports of the stimulation amplitudes required for C-fiber activation in large animal studies (>10 mA) and human studies (<250 μA). After removing muscle-generated artifacts, ENG signals with post-stimulus latencies consistent with Aδ- and B-fibers occurred in only a small subset of animals, and these signals had similar thresholds to those that caused bradycardia. By identifying specific neuroanatomical pathways that cause off-target effects and characterizing the stimulation dose-response curves for on- and off-target effects, we hope to guide interpretation and optimization of clinical VNS.
Aptamer–gold nanoparticle conjugates for the colorimetric detection of arboviruses and vector mosquito species (2019)

The real-time, colorimetric detection of analytes <i>via</i> aptamer-gold nanoparticle technology has proven to be an important, emerging technique within the medical field. Of global health importance, the ability to detect vector mosquito species, such as the <i>Aedes</i> (<i>Ae.</i>) <i>aegypti</i> mosquito, and transmitted arboviruses, such as Zika virus, is paramount to mosquito control and surveillance efforts. Herein, we describe the detection of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> salivary protein for vector identification and the detection of Zika virus to assess mosquito infection status by aptamer-gold nanoparticle conjugates. Key to optimization of these diagnostics were gold nanoparticle capping agents and aptamer degree of labelling (<i>i.e.</i>, the amount of aptamers per gold nanoparticle). In the present study, detection was achieved for as little as 10 ng <i>Ae. aegypti</i> salivary protein and 1.0 × 10<sup>5</sup> PFU live Zika virus. These aptamer-gold nanoparticle conjugate diagnostics could one day prove to be useful as deployable nano-based biosensors that provide easy-to-read optical read outs through a straightforward red-to-blue colour change either within a diagnostic solution or atop a card/membrane-based biosensor.
Integrated Solution for Electric Vehicle and Foreign Object Detection in the Application of Dynamic Inductive Power Transfer (2021)

One of the challenges with the dynamic inductive power transfer (DIPT) technique is the electric vehicle detection (EVD) that helps the DIPT system to control the power supply of the transmitter. The EVD method applying auxiliary coils is a promising candidate because the flat shape of the auxiliary coils is suitable for the compact design. However, the EVD may fail when the metallic foreign object (MFO) is present. Therefore, the desire emerges in the integration design of the EVD and foreign object detection (FOD). The FOD can ensure the reliability of the EVD as well as the highly efficient operation of the DIPT system without MFOs. In this context, this paper proposes an integrated solution to the EVD and FOD well suited for DIPT systems. The integrated solution utilizes both passive coil sets (PCSs) and active coil sets (ACSs). Additionally, a novel detection resonant circuit (DRC) is proposed to realize EVD and FOD using the same coil sets and to amplify the measurement sensitivity. The operation mechanisms, the detection coil sets architecture, the design of the proposed resonant circuits and the detection procedure are detailed. Finally, a printed circuit board based prototype is built to validate the integrated functionality of the EVD and FOD in a DIPT prototype processing 1 kW output. Experiments considering the practical DIPT application scenarios are conducted, and the proposed detection method is able to achieve advantageously high sensitivity and no blind zone.
Optical Coherence Tomography Guided Robotic Needle Insertion for Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (2019)

Robotic needle control and volumetric OCT promise to improve outcomes in DALK.
Serum microRNAs/enriched pathways in lung cancer 1-4 years before diagnosis: A pilot study from the HUNT Biobank, Norway. (2016)

11539 Background: Early detection of lung cancer could increase survival and curation rate as low stage and surgery are positive prognostic factors. Screening of ever-smokers and asbestos exposed individuals by non-invasive methods is a desired path to increase the rate of early detection and cure in the future. Moreover, circulating early microRNA signature may decipher lung cancer biology. Methods: Serum samples from the HUNT3 Biobank, Levanger, Norway were profiled with separate total microRNA sequencing (Illumina). The samples included lung adenocarcinoma (n=4), squamous cell carcinoma (n=5) and small-cell carcinoma (n=5) cases collected 1-4 years before diagnosis, along with age and sex-matched non-cancer individuals (n=28), ratio 1:2; the never smokers to ever-smokers ratio of controls was 50/50. The differentially expressed (DE) microRNAs were analyzed for enrichment by DIANA-miRPath v3. 0. The target genes of each microRNA included in the signature were determined with the DIANA-microT web server v5.0 and the union of all the microRNA targets was assessed for enrichment in KEGG pathways. Pathways with FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05 are reported in the results. Results: We detected 12 DE microRNAs in the serum 1-4 years in adenocarcioma plus squamous cell carcinoma (NSLC) versus controls. There were 9 DE microRNAs small-cell carcinoma. Several pathways were enriched, including pathways for their respective cancer types (Ex. Table1). Conclusions: In this relatively small but unique pilot study we identified microRNAs that were significantly DE in serum of lung cancer patient 1-4 years prior to diagnosis. These specific microRNAs also target cancer-specific pathways. These are preliminary results whose validation in a larger cohort is still pending. There is hope that significant biomarkers can soon be discovered for early detection of lung cancer within the microRNA family. KEGG pathway p-value #genes #miRNAs SCLC vs controls ECM-receptor interaction 7.85E-31 25 4 Small cell lung cancer 3.09E-06 24 6 NSCLC vs controls Dopaminergic synapse 8.82E-11 53 10 Non-small cell lung cancer 0.00142 17 10
6-Terminal Mechanically Stacked Multi-Junction Solar Cells (2010)

Compared with monolithically stacked multi-junction (MMJ) solar cells, the approach of mechanically stacking junctions offers some advantages, due to its unconstrained electrical interconnections. As a result, mechanically stacked multi-junction (MSMJ) solar cells are less sensitive to spectral variations, and have a high performance potential in terms of annual energy output. The detailed balance efficiency limits and theoretical annual energy output of the two approaches are compared, which predicts an annual energy yield of 59.3% for MSMJ cell and 43.8% for MMJ cell, with a bandgap combination of 1.87/1.41/0.67eV under 500x concentration at Las Vegas. In practice, the first mechanically stacked InGaP-GaAs-Ge triple junction solar cells have also been successfully realized. Although currently the performance of this triple-junction stack is still limited due to the lower short-circuit currents of the lower two junctions, further optimization and reduction in optical losses are expected to improve the mechanical stack performance.
Design and Evaluation of Distributed Algorithms for Placement of Network Services (2009)

Network services play an important role in the Internet today. They serve as data caches for websites, servers for multiplayer games and relay nodes for Voice over IP: VoIP) conversations. While much research has focused on the design of such services, little attention has been focused on their actual placement. This placement can impact the quality of the service, especially if low latency is a requirement. These services can be located on nodes in the network itself, making these nodes supernodes. Typically supernodes are selected in either a proprietary or ad hoc fashion, where a study of this placement is either unavailable or unnecessary. Previous research dealt with the only pieces of the problem, such as finding the location of caches for a static topology, or selecting better routes for relays in VoIP. However, a comprehensive solution is needed for dynamic applications such as multiplayer games or P2P VoIP services. These applications adapt quickly and need solutions based on the immediate demands of the network. In this thesis we develop distributed algorithms to assign nodes the role of a supernode. This research first builds off of prior work by modifying an existing assignment algorithm and implementing it in a distributed system called Supernode Placement in Overlay Topologies: SPOT). New algorithms are developed to assign nodes the supernode role. These algorithms are then evaluated in SPOT to demonstrate improved SN assignment and scalability. Through a series of simulation, emulation, and experimentation insight is gained into the critical issues associated with allocating resources to perform the role of supernodes. Our contributions include distributed algorithms to assign nodes as supernodes, an open source fully functional distributed supernode allocation system, an evaluation of the system in diverse networking environments, and a simulator called SPOTsim which demonstrates the scalability of the system to thousands of nodes. An example of an application deploying such a system is also presented along with the empirical results.
CLIPGraphs: Multimodal Graph Networks to Infer Object-Room Affinities (2023)

This paper introduces a novel method for determining the best room to place an object in, for embodied scene rearrangement. While state-of-the-art approaches rely on large language models (LLMs) or reinforcement learned (RL) policies for this task, our approach, CLIPGraphs, efficiently combines commonsense domain knowledge, data-driven methods, and recent advances in multimodal learning. Specifically, it (a)encodes a knowledge graph of prior human preferences about the room location of different objects in home environments, (b) incorporates vision-language features to support multimodal queries based on images or text, and (c) uses a graph network to learn object-room affinities based on embeddings of the prior knowledge and the vision-language features. We demonstrate that our approach provides better estimates of the most appropriate location of objects from a benchmark set of object categories in comparison with state-of-the-art baselines
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTIVE DECYANATION OF PYRIDINECARBONITRILES BY TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE (1980)

Abstract 4‐Cyanpyridin (I) läßt sich durch Behandlung mit Titantrichlorid in Salzsäure quantitativ decyanieren.
The Use of Pulse Oximeter Functional Testers in Evaluating Spo2 Accuracy (2004)

To the Editor: We read with interest the study of pulse oximeter probes (1), but must take exception to the study’s methodology and conclusions. The study was intended to evaluate and compare the accuracy of prototype nonproprietary probes (OSS/Dolphin Medical) to their counterpart proprietary sensors from the original equipment manufacturers (Nellcor, Datex-Ohmeda, and Criticare). The protocol used a bench-top patient simulator (BioTek Index) to compare the various sensors’ pulse oximeter Spo2 readings with the simulator set points. The study’s conclusions suggest equivalence or superiority of performance in nonproprietary probes. Unfortunately, the authors have grossly misinterpreted the ability of this simulator to evaluate the probe’s contribution to Spo2 reading accuracy. While the Index and several other commercially available patient simulators can test sensor and pulse oximeter functionality, they are incapable of providing the required data needed to properly evaluate the accuracy of Spo2 readings (according to a letter to Nellcor Puritan Bennett from Peter M. Weith, BioTek Instruments, October 1995). With respect to pulse oximeter probes, the patient simulator used in the study is capable only of “testing for shorts, continuity, opens and LED functionality” (2). Evaluating Spo2 reading accuracy would require, at a minimum, accommodating the wavelength characteristics of the sensor and reproducing the complex optical interaction of the sensor and the patient’s tissue. There are no bench-top simulators available today that can provide the data the authors would need to support their conclusion. The ASTM and ISO Committees for developing pulse oximetry standards have recognized the issue of bench-top accuracy testing (3), and an effort supported by the European Union to create such a device is currently underway (4,5). We are aware of only one validated method to assess Spo2 reading accuracy—direct comparison to sampled arterial blood Sao2 measured using a laboratory co-oximeter. We therefore disagree with the authors’ two conclusions; their study demonstrates neither equivalency of the nonproprietary probes, nor that a simulator can be used to evaluate pulse oximetry probe accuracy. Paul D. Mannheimer, PhD Principal Scientist Research and Development Department Nellcor Puritan Bennett, a part of Tyco Healthcare Pleasanton, CA [email protected] Paul B. Batchelder, RRT Head of Clinical Research Pulse Oximetry Center of Excellence Datex-Ohmeda, GE Medical Systems Boulder, CO Mike Larsen Vice President - Quality Criticare Systems, Inc. Waukesha, WI Hartmut Gehring, MD Professor of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany Ewald Konecny, PhD Professor Emeritus Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
Identifying Novel Molecular Structures for Advanced Melanoma by Ligand-Based Virtual Screening (2009)

We recently discovered a new class of thiazole analogs that are highly potent against melanoma cells. To expand the structure-activity relationship study and to explore potential new molecular scaffolds, we performed extensive ligand-based virtual screening against a compound library containing 342,910 small molecules. Two different approaches of virtual screening were carried out using the structure of our lead molecule: (1) connectivity-based search using Scitegic Pipeline Pilot from Accelerys and (2) molecular shape similarity search using Schrodinger software. Using a testing compound library, both approaches can rank similar compounds very high and rank dissimilar compounds very low, thus validating our screening methods. Structures identified from these searches were analyzed, and selected compounds were tested in vitro to assess their activity against melanoma cancer cell lines. Several molecules showed good anticancer activity. While none of the identified compounds showed better activity than our lead compound, they provided important insight into structural modifications for our lead compound and also provided novel platforms on which we can optimize new classes of anticancer compounds. One of the newly synthesized analogs based on this virtual screening has improved potency and selectivity against melanoma.
How to Enable Developers to Deliver Secure Codes (2017)

Security testing is an important part of any security life-cycle (SDLC) and, thus, should be a part of any secure software life-cycle. Still, security testing is often understood by an done by security testers in the time between end of development and offering the product to customers.Learning from traditional testing that the fixing of bugs is the more costly the later it is done in development, we believe that security testing should be integrated into the daily activities.Based on the SDLC of a large software vendor, we will present the benefits of early security testing and discuss what is necessary to achieve a security testing as activity approach.
Molecular Recognition and Conductance in Crown Ethers (2003)

Crown ethers have the remarkable property of recognizing and binding specific metal cations in complex mixtures. We propose to combine molecular recognition with molecular electric conductance. The question we address is: can the event of binding a cation be sensed by a change in conductance? Specifically, we study a short molecular wire (MW) containing a crown-6 molecule connected via sulfur atoms to two gold atomic wires acting as metallic leads. Upon binding a cation, the density of states of the system is only slightly affected. This reflects the fact that the cation binding is largely electrostatic in nature and is accompanied by little electronic reorganization. Yet, the cationic binding does significantly lower conductance. We also identify strong interference affecting the conductance. A striking feature is the insensitivity of conductance to the type of ligand with the exception of the proton.
Alpha transport and deposition profile effects in tokamaks (1978)

High-energy fusion-product (FP) transport is a central issue in fusion reactor development. FP's that escape and bombard the first wall can be a serious mechanism for wall erosion and the introduction of impurities back into the plasma. Well-confined FP's heat the plasma as they slow down, but the resulting thermalization profile determines FP accumulation as an impurity. Here, we describe computational methods to model these effects and discuss the implications for reactor design.
Broadband access technology for passive optical network (2008)

We will introduce four related topics about fiber access network technologies for PONs. First, an upstream signal powerequalizer is proposed and designed using a FP-LD in optical line terminal applied to the TDM-PON, and a 20dB dynamic upstream power range from -5 to -25dBm having a 1.7dB maximal power variation is retrieved. The fiber-fault protection is also an important issue for PON. We investigate a simple and cost-effective TDM/WDM PON system with self-protected function. Next, using RSOA-based colorless WDM-PON is also demonstrated. We propose a costeffective CW light source into RSOA for 2.5Gb/s upstream in WDM-PON together with self-healing mechanism against fiber fault. Finally, we investigate a 4Gb/s OFDM-QAM for both upstream and downstream traffic in long-reach WDM/TDM PON system under 100km transmission without dispersion compensation. As a result, we believe that these key access technologies are emerging and useful for the next generation broadband FTTH networks.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hydrophenanthrene Natural Products. Structure of a 17‐ Nordehydropimarane Derived from Dehydroabietic Acid (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.