gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Interactions among Idd3, Idd5.1, Idd5.2, and Idd5.3 Protective Loci in the Nonobese Diabetic Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes (2013)

In the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) loci control the development of insulitis and diabetes. Independently, protective alleles of Idd3/Il2 or Idd5 are able to partially protect congenic NOD mice from insulitis and diabetes, and to partially tolerize islet-specific CD8(+) T cells. However, when the two regions are combined, mice are almost completely protected, strongly suggesting the existence of genetic interactions between the two loci. Idd5 contains at least three protective subregions/causative gene candidates, Idd5.1/Ctla4, Idd5.2/Slc11a1, and Idd5.3/Acadl, yet it is unknown which of them interacts with Idd3/Il2. Through the use of a series of novel congenic strains containing the Idd3/Il2 region and different combinations of Idd5 subregion(s), we defined these genetic interactions. The combination of Idd3/Il2 and Idd5.3/Acadl was able to provide nearly complete protection from type 1 diabetes, but all three Idd5 subregions were required to protect from insulitis and fully restore self-tolerance. By backcrossing a Slc11a1 knockout allele onto the NOD genetic background, we have demonstrated that Slc11a1 is responsible for the diabetes protection resulting from Idd5.2. We also used Slc11a1 knockout-SCID and Idd5.2-SCID mice to show that both loss-of-function alleles provide protection from insulitis when expressed on the SCID host alone. These results lend further support to the hypothesis that Slc11a1 is Idd5.2.
ChemInform Abstract: BIOGENETIC‐TYPE SYNTHESIS OF PENICILLIN‐CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS PART 2, AN OXIDATIVE CYCLIZATION ROUTE TO BETA‐LACTAM THIAZOLINE DERIVATIVES (1975)

Abstract Aus dem leicht synthetisierbaren Thiazolin (Ia) sind die Amide (Ib) bzw. (Ic) zugänglich, die sich über die (zweckmäßig nicht isolierten) Bromide (IIa) bzw. (IIb) (jeweils Isomerengemische) zu den β‐Lactam‐thiazolinen (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) cyclisieren lassen.
Cognitive Jointly Optimal Code-Division Channelization and Routing Over Cooperative Links (2014)

Abstract : We developed a new spread-spectrum management paradigm in which, unlike mainstream dynamic spectrum access research, digital waveforms are (i) designed to occupy the entire available spectrum and (ii) adaptively track the interference profile at the receiver to maximize link capacity while avoiding interference to existing users. In this context, we studied the problem of maximizing the network throughput of a multi-hop network through joint routing and spread-spectrum channelization. We first presented a centralized formulation of the network control problem. We then developed an algorithm that can be seen as a distributed localized approximation of the throughput-maximizing policy. We refer to the proposed jointly-designed routing and code-division channelization algorithm as ROCH (Routing and cOde-division CHannelization).
Can capsaicin be used to discriminate between subpopulations of B-afferents? (1990)

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Metabolomic Analysis of Morus Cultivar Root Extracts and Their Ameliorative Effect on Testosterone-Induced Prostate Enlargement in Sprague-Dawley Rats (2020)

We investigated the metabolite changes of <i>Morus</i> roots (MRs) according to different cultivar families (<i>Simheung</i>, <i>Daesim</i>, <i>Cheong-</i><i>il</i>, <i>Sangchon</i>, <i>Daeseong</i>, <i>Suhong</i>, <i>Suwon</i>, and <i>Igsu</i>) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to understand the relationship between different cultivars and metabolite changes. Data were analyzed by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and samples were successfully separated in PLS-DA scores. Eight metabolites in the electrospray ionization (ESI)-positive mode and 16 metabolites in the ESI-negative mode contributed to the separation in PLS-DA. Our data suggest that comparative analysis of MR metabolites according to different cultivars is useful to better understand the relationship between the different cultivars and metabolite changes. Furthermore, we analyzed the MRs for their ability to improve benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). LNCaP cells were used to evaluate the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) inhibitory activity of MRs, and, amongst them, the extract with the highest activity was selected. <i>Igsu</i> demonstrated the highest inhibition effect of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression among the MR cultivars. <i>Igsu</i> was also evaluated by administration in a testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia model in Sprague-Dawley rats. <i>Igsu</i> was shown to ameliorate BPH as evidenced by the prostate index, expression of androgen receptor (AR) signaling-related protein, growth factors, cell proliferation-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling proteins, and histological analysis. Hence, this study strongly suggests that <i>Igsu</i> may have a beneficial effect of on BPH.
Optical, scintillation and thermally stimulated luminescence properties of Ce-doped yttrium–aluminum–indium garnet (2016)

Abstract We have investigated the photoluminescence (PL), scintillation and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) properties of 1 mol % Ce-doped Y 3 (Al X In 1− X ) 5 O 12 ( X = 0–1; Ce:YAING). These samples showed strong and broad PL emission by Ce 3+ ion appeared in the spectral range from 480 to 620 nm. The PL decay profiles can be represented by a first-order exponential function with the decay time ranging 39–62 ns. Furthermore, the scintillation spectra showed similar features with those observed in PL. The scintillation decay time profiles were approximated by second or third order exponential decay functions, and we observed 26–61 ns component due to Ce 3+ emission. The X-ray induced afterglow levels of Ce:YAING were worse than that of Ce:Y 3 Al 5 O 12 . The pulse height spectra of Ce:Y 3 (Al 0.26 In 0.74 ) 5 O 12 showed a clear photoabsorption peak, and that of the scintillation light yield was around 6,700 photons/MeV. In TSL glow curves, Ce:YAING show the glow peak at around 110 °C.
Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Completion Occurs through Error Correction (2017)

Understanding capsid assembly is important because of its role in virus lifecycles and in applications to drug discovery and nanomaterial development. Many virus capsids are icosahedral, and assembly is thought to occur by the sequential addition of capsid protein subunits to a nucleus, with the final step completing the icosahedron. Almost nothing is known about the final (completion) step because the techniques usually used to study capsid assembly lack the resolution. In this work, charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) has been used to track the assembly of the T = 4 hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid in real time. The initial assembly reaction occurs rapidly, on the time scale expected from low resolution measurements. However, CDMS shows that many of the particles generated in this process are defective and overgrown, containing more than the 120 capsid protein dimers needed to form a perfect T = 4 icosahedron. The defective and overgrown capsids self-correct over time to the mass expected for a perfect T = 4 capsid. Thus, completion is a distinct phase in the assembly reaction. Capsid completion does not necessarily occur by inserting the last building block into an incomplete, but otherwise perfect icosahedron. The initial assembly reaction can be predominently imperfect, and completion involves the slow correction of the accumulated errors.
Digital holographic microscopy for nanometric quality control of micro-optical components (2007)

In this paper, Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is presented as a powerful tool for quality control of microoptical components. It will be shown that not only the single-shot full field-of-view nanometer axial resolution makes DHM an ideal solution for such samples, but the DHM numerical wavefront correction formalism is perfectly adapted to provide advanced features like aberration coefficients, radius of curvature or optical surfaces roughness measurements. Both transmission and reflection configurations can be used depending of the micro-components under investigation. A transparent high aspect-ratio micro-components investigation procedure is also exposed in order to unable phase unwrapping. Each feature is illustrated with typical examples, ranging from a wide variety of micro-lenses (aspherical, cylindrical, squared) to cornercube micro-structures or diffractive elements.
A Hybrid Technique for Modelling the Ultrasonic Response from Surface-Breaking Defects (2016)

Computational modelling is an efficient and cost effective alternative to experimental data collection for the design and justification of ultrasonic non-destructive inspections. Semi-analytical models are commonly used within the nuclear industry, however they place limitations on the size and geometrical complexity of the defect that can be modelled, as well as on inspection parameters such as mode and frequency. The inability to quantify the effect of increased complexity on an ultrasonic inspection regularly leads to a rise in the conservatism of the inspection sensitivity, which increases the probability of reporting innocuous defects.\nThe Finite Element Method (FEM) provides the capability to model elastic wave scattering from complex defect morphologies in 2D and 3D. However, the use of FEM for simulating a complete ultrasonic inspection is limited by the associated computational cost. Recent work on a finite element – semi-analytical hybrid model has unified the strengths of both semi-analytical and numerical methods to provide the capability to efficiently model the ultrasonic inspection of complex defects. It is commonly required for ultrasonic inspections to detect and characterise surface-breaking defects. The work presented here extends the efficient hybrid model approach to simulate the bulk wave inspection of surface-breaking defects. The model can be used to investigate the scattered signals from surface-breaking defects in a typical inspection scenario and provides a means to investigate the effect of defect morphology on inspection performance.
TissueLink Device for Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Surgery (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy1 Oct 2005TissueLink Device for Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Surgery Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000175848.75810.afAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "TissueLink Device for Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Surgery." The Journal of Urology, 174(4 Part 1), pp. 1248–1249 © 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 174Issue 4 Part 1October 2005Page: 1248-1249 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Efficient Offloading of Parallel Kernels Using MPI_Comm_Spawn (2013)

The integration of accelerators into cluster systems is currently one of the architectural trends in high performance computing. Usually, those accelerators are many core compute devices which are directly connected to individual cluster nodes via PCI Express. Recent advances of accelerators, however, do not require a host CPU anymore and now even enable their integration as self-contained nodes that are able to MPI-communicate over their own network interface. This approach offers new opportunities for application developers, as compute kernels can now span multiple communicating accelerators to better account for larger MPI-based code regions with the potential for massive node-level parallelism. However, it also raises the question of how to program such an environment. An instance of this novel cluster architecture is the DEEP cluster system currently under development. Based on this hardware concept, we investigate the MPI_Comm_spawn process creation mechanism for offloading MPI-based distributed memory compute kernels onto multiple network-attached accelerators. We identify limitations of MPI_Comm_spawn and present an offloading mechanism which results in only a fraction of the overhead of a pure MPI_Comm_spawn solution.
Reaction sintering of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride at high pressure and temperature. (1989)

Single phase sintered compact of cBN (polycrystalline cBN) may be prepared under high pressure and temperature (>5.2GPa, >1350°C) from hBN compact carrying a small amount of Mg3BN3 as a catalyst. This work investigated the influence of the amount of Mg3BN3 added to the hBN compact on the microstructure and the thermal conductivity of the prepared polycrystalline cBN. It was established that by controlling the amount of Mg3BN3 (-1.0mol%) it was possible to prepare polycrystalline cBN which had a high thermal conductivity, approximately 6W/cm°C at room temperature. In addition, it was found that a small amount of water diffused into the hBN compact containing Mg3BN3 would suppress abnormal growth of cBN particles. Thus, by adding 0.2wt% of water to the hBN compact containing 1.0mol% of Mg3BN3, a homogeneous cBN sintered compact having regular particles (5-8μm) and with high thermal conductivity (-7W/cm°C) could be consistently prepared.
Estimated susceptibility of Canadian meningococcal B isolates to a meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (MenB-FHbp) (2020)

The majority of MenB isolates responsible for meningococcal disease in Canada expressed fHbp at levels predicted to be sufficient for complement mediated bactericidal activity in the presence of MenB-FHbp induced serum antibodies.
Nanocomposites from Clay, Cellulose Nanofibrils, and Epoxy with Improved Moisture Stability for Coatings and Semistructural Applications (2019)

A new type of high reinforcement content clay–cellulose–thermoset nanocomposite is proposed, where epoxy precursors diffuse into a wet porous clay–nanocellulose mat, followed by curing. The processing concept was scaled to >200 μm thickness composites, the mechanical properties were high for nanocomposites, and the materials showed better tensile properties at 90% RH compared with typical nanocellulose materials. The nanostructure and phase distributions were studied using transmission electron microscopy; Young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, and ductility were determined as well as moisture sorption, fire retardancy, and oxygen barrier properties. Clay and cellulose contents were varied as well as the epoxy content. Epoxy had favorable effects on moisture stability and also improved reinforcement effects at low reinforcement content. A more homogeneous nano- and mesoscale epoxy distribution is still required for further property improvements. The materials constitute a new type of three-phase nanocomposite, of interest as coatings, films, and laminated composites for semistructural applications.
NCAPQ: Network Coding-Aware Priority Queueing for UDP Flows over COPE (2011)

We are interested in UDP unicast flows over coded wireless networks with constructive inter-session network coding, such as COPE. In prior work, we developed independently two mechanisms: (i) network coding-aware queue management (NCAQM) aimed at creating more network coding opportunities in the presence of congestion; and (ii) network coding-aware MAC level packet prioritization (NCAPP), which assigned higher priority to coded than to uncoded packets. In this paper, we compare the two mechanisms and we show that they achieve similar throughput benefits but work in complementary ways. We improve and combine them into a novel network coding-aware priority queuing scheme, which we refer to as NCAPQ. The proposed scheme improves throughput compared to COPE (by a factor of 10, in our simulations) and, even more importantly, compared to each individual scheme alone (by a factor of 2). Furthermore, we show that this significant increase in throughput comes without significant loss in fairness. The modifications we propose are minimal on top of COPE, thus making the scheme suitable for practical deployment.
On-line urea monitoring: a further step towards adequate dialysis prescription and delivery. (1995)

The aim of this study is to present a clinical experience carried out with a new device designed to measure on-line Urea Nitrogen concentration in the effluent dialysate. The Biostat 1000 Urea Monitor (Baxter Healthcare, Dirfield, Ill, USA) was utilized in the present study. The monitor is based on the principle that multiple urea measurements in the dialysate effluent from the dialyzer, permit to built a double exponential regression leading to the urea kinetic parameters of the dialysis session. Data obtained with the Urea Monitor were, in the present study, compared with those obtained by direct measurements carried out in blood and dialysate and by the collection of the whole amount of spent dialysate. The monitor provided an accurate value of predialysis BUN without any blood drawing. Urea kinetics were established from multiple dialysate measurements and no blood drawing was necessary. The double pool kinetics were taken into account and Kt/V, PCR and SRI% obtained were comparable to those obtained from direct measurement. Since a projected value of Kt/V can be obtained, the monitor could represent a potential source of information to detect possible filter and machine dysfunction, as well as high rate of recirculation.
Predicting pull request completion time: a case study on large scale cloud services (2019)

Effort estimation models have been long studied in software engineering research. Effort estimation models help organizations and individuals plan and track progress of their software projects and individual tasks to help plan delivery milestones better. Towards this end, there is a large body of work that has been done on effort estimation for projects but little work on an individual checkin (Pull Request) level. In this paper we present a methodology that provides effort estimates on individual developer check-ins which is displayed to developers to help them track their work items. Given the cloud development infrastructure pervasive in companies, it has enabled us to deploy our Pull Request Lifetime prediction system to several thousand developers across multiple software families. We observe from our deployment that the pull request lifetime prediction system conservatively helps save 44.61% of the developer time by accelerating Pull Requests to completion.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Electrochemical Oxygen Sensors for Operation at Room Temperature (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low temperature oxidation and photocatalytic activity of Ti-6Al-4V (2012)

ProViking EBM
Projection Support Vector Machines (2000)

Large-scale classification is a very active research line in data mining. It can be applied to problems like credit card fraud detection or content-based document browsing. In recent years, several efficient algorithms for this area have been proposed by Mangasarian and Musicant. These approaches, based on quadratic problems, are: Successive OverRelaxation (SOR), Active Support Vector Machines (ASVM) and Lagrangian Support Vector Machines (LSVM). These algorithms have solved linear classification problems with millions of points. ASVM is perhaps the fastest and more scalable among them. This paper presents a projection-based SVM algorithm that outperforms ASVM on a 50,000 point data set generated by means of NDC (Normally Distributed Clusters), which has become a common tool in large-scales SVM research.
Modeling of Ultrathin Two-Phase Catalyst Layers in PEFCs (2007)

We present a model of transport and reaction kinetics in ultrathin cathode catalyst layers for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). In contrast to conventional catalyst layers, ultrathin catalyst layers neither contain a separate electronic conductor, other than the catalyst itself, nor are they impregnated with perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomer as an intrinsic proton conductor. They can thus be regarded as two-phase composites. The model utilizes Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory for proton transport in the layer. It relates calculated spatial distributions of oxygen and proton concentrations, electrode potential, and electrochemical reaction rates to catalyst utilization and current-voltage performance. By comparison with experimental data from literature for current-voltage relations at low and intermediate current densities the transfer coefficient of the cathodic reaction was estimated. Catalyst layer thickness, composition, and volume fraction of water-filled pore were systematically varied to determine the values that maximize Pt utilization and voltage efficiency of the layer. The significance of these results for the optimization of catalyst layers in view of operation conditions and synthesis methods is discussed.
Data from Angiopoietin-2–Dependent Spatial Vascular Destabilization Promotes T-cell Exclusion and Limits Immunotherapy in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;T-cell position in the tumor microenvironment determines the probability of target encounter and tumor killing. CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell exclusion from the tumor parenchyma is associated with poor response to immunotherapy, and yet the biology that underpins this distinct pattern remains unclear. Here we show that the vascular destabilizing factor angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) causes compromised vascular integrity in the tumor periphery, leading to impaired T-cell infiltration to the tumor core. The spatial regulation of ANGPT2 in whole tumor cross-sections was analyzed in conjunction with T-cell distribution, vascular integrity, and response to immunotherapy in syngeneic murine melanoma models. T-cell exclusion was associated with ANGPT2 upregulation and elevated vascular leakage at the periphery of human and murine melanomas. Both pharmacologic and genetic blockade of ANGPT2 promoted CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell infiltration into the tumor core, exerting antitumor effects. Importantly, the reversal of T-cell exclusion following ANGPT2 blockade not only enhanced response to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy in immunogenic, therapy-responsive mouse melanomas, but it also rendered nonresponsive tumors susceptible to immunotherapy. Therapeutic response after ANGPT2 blockade, driven by improved CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell infiltration to the tumor core, coincided with spatial TIE2 signaling activation and increased vascular integrity at the tumor periphery where endothelial expression of adhesion molecules was reduced. These data highlight ANGPT2/TIE2 signaling as a key mediator of T-cell exclusion and a promising target to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in melanoma.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;ANGPT2 limits the efficacy of immunotherapy by inducing vascular destabilization at the tumor periphery to promote T-cell exclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;