gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-efficient high resolution diffusion weighted SSFP measurements at 14.1T (2019)

This study investigates the use of diffusion weighted SSFP imaging for high-resolution diffusivity measurements of post-mortem tissue, using two different models (Wu-Buxton and Freed) and draws a comparison to conventional DW SE-Measurements. A toolbox was developed to optimize SSFP imaging parameters for selected tissue regions which was then used successfully. We showed that the SSFP approach is highly valuable for time-efficient high-resolution post-mortem diffusion weighted imaging.
Where do people draw lines? (2011)

This paper presents the results of a study in which artists made line drawings intended to convey specific 3D shapes. The study was designed so that drawings could be registered with rendered images of 3D models, supporting an analysis of how well the locations of the artists' lines correlate with other artists', with current computer graphics (CG) line definitions, and with the underlying differential properties of the 3D surface. Lines drawn by artists in this study largely overlapped one another, particularly along the occluding contours of the object. Most lines that do not overlap contours overlap large gradients of the image intensity and correlate strongly with predictions made by recent line-drawing algorithms in CG. A few were not well described by any of the local properties considered in this study. The result of our work is a publicly available data set of aligned drawings, an analysis of where lines appear in that data set based on local properties of 3D models, and algorithms to predict where artists will draw lines for new scenes.
Thermal behavior and indirect life test of large-area OLED lighting panels (2014)

Abstract In this work, we studied the thermal behavior and addressed the challenges of life testing of large area OLED devices. In particular, we developed an indirect method to accurately calculate the life time of large-area OLED lighting panels without physically life-testing the panels. Using small area OLEDs with structures identical with the tested panels, we performed the life tests at desired driving current densities at different temperatures and extracted the relationship between junction temperature and the lifetime for the particular device. By measuring the panel junction temperature during operation under the same current density and using the life time measured on small area test devices, we determine the lifetime of the panels based on the thermal dependence. We test this methodology by predicting the life time of white PHOLED panels and then physically testing the panels. The typical result for the lifetime to 80% of the initial luminance (LT80) of the panel at a constant dc current density of 10 mA/cm 2 (3800 cd/m 2 ), was predicted to be 526 hours in good agreement with the actual life-test at 10 mA/cm 2 of 512 hrs. This good agreement, confirmed in different experiments, validates this novel technique as a practical life time predictor of large-area OLED lighting panels in a time saving manner.
Generic lithography modeling with dual-band optics-inspired neural networks (2022)

Lithography simulation is a critical step in VLSI design and optimization for manufacturability. Existing solutions for highly accurate lithography simulation with rigorous models are computationally expensive and slow, even when equipped with various approximation techniques. Recently, machine learning has provided alternative solutions for lithography simulation tasks such as coarse-grained edge placement error regression and complete contour prediction. However, the impact of these learning-based methods has been limited due to restrictive usage scenarios or low simulation accuracy. To tackle these concerns, we introduce an dual-band optics-inspired neural network design that considers the optical physics underlying lithography. To the best of our knowledge, our approach yields the first published via/metal layer contour simulation at 1nm2/pixel resolution with any tile size. Compared to previous machine learning based solutions, we demonstrate that our framework can be trained much faster and offers a significant improvement on efficiency and image quality with 20× smaller model size. We also achieve 85× simulation speedup over traditional lithography simulator with ~ 1% accuracy loss.
Microencapsulated probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and/or Pediococcus acidilactici strains ameliorate diarrhoea in piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (2022)

Abstract Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (strains 22F and 25F) and Pediococcus acidilactici (strain 72N) have displayed antibacterial activity in vitro, suggesting that they could be used to support intestinal health in pigs. The aim of this study was to determine if microencapsulated probiotics could reduce the severity of infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in weaned pigs. Sixty healthy neonatal piglets were cross-fostered and separated into five groups. Piglets to be given the microencapsulated probiotics received these orally on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Only piglets in groups 1 and 5 did not receive probiotics: those in groups 2 and 4 received the three microencapsulated probiotic strains (multi-strain probiotic), and piglets in group 3 received microencapsulated P. acidilactici strain 72N. After weaning, the pigs in groups 3-5 were challenged with 5 mL (at 10 9 CFU/mL) of pathogenic ETEC strain L3.2 carrying the k88 , staP , and stb virulence genes. The multi-strain probiotic enhanced the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of weaned piglets after the ETEC challenge (group 4), whilst supplementing with the single-strain probiotic increased FCR (group 3). Piglets in groups 3 and 4 developed mild to moderate diarrhoea and fever. In the probiotic-fed piglets there was an increase in lactic acid bacteria count and a decrease in E. coli count in the faeces. By using real-time PCR, virulence genes were detected at lower levels in the faeces of pigs that had received the probiotic strains. Using the MILLIPLEX MAP assay, probiotic supplementation was shown to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα), while group 4 had high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Challenged piglets receiving probiotics had milder intestinal lesions with better morphology, including greater villous heights and villous height per crypt depth ratios, than pigs just receiving ETEC. In conclusion, prophylactic administration of microencapsulated probiotic strains may improve outcomes in weaned pigs with colibacillosis.
Randomized Controlled Trial of the Clinical Efficacy of Multiport Versus Uniport Wire-reinforced Flexible Catheters for Labor Epidural Analgesia (2019)

( Anesth Analg . 2018;126(2):537–544) When using epidural catheters that are not reinforced with a wire, multiport catheters provide improved epidural analgesia during labor (LEA) as compared with a single port catheter. Wire-reinforced flexible catheters, a recent advancement in epidural catheter design, have not been evaluated in this context. In the present study, the authors compared multiport and single-port wire-reinforced flexible catheters to determine whether the number of ports affects analgesia during lumbar epidural labor analgesia.
Pseudotyped AAV Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer in a Human Fetal Trachea Xenograft Model: Implications for In Utero Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis (2012)

Based on the effectiveness of AAV vectors in SMG transduction, our findings suggest the potential utility of pseudotyped AAV vectors for treatment of cystic fibrosis. The human fetal trachea xenograft model may serve as an effective tool for further development of fetal gene therapy strategies for the in utero treatment of cystic fibrosis.
Blind CDMA receivers using mixed-rate constraints (2002)

This article deals with the problem of blind estimation of linear DS-CDMA receivers using multiple antennas in asynchronous intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. We introduce simple relations existing between receivers at the symbol rate and at the chip rate and derive deterministic constraints that can be used to determine these receivers in a blind manner, with small sample sizes. The chip rate receiver is shown to be close to the MMSE receiver. Connections to existing techniques are discussed.
Effect of lip position and gingival display on smile and esthetics as perceived by college students with different educational backgrounds (2013)

Educational influence did not have an effect of the perception of a gummy smile.
Hydrogen sensing using impedance measurements of nanocrystalline palladium (2013)

The objective of this work has been the development of a low cost method of sensing explosive levels of molecular hydrogen gas. The challenge in designing an inexpensive sensor has been to implement an inexpensive manufacturing process with a repeatable and accurate response. A sensor design has been implemented which uses a ceramic based interdigitated structure containing a thin layer of vacuum-sputtered palladium. Early tests with this structure showed that testing using direct current meters resulted in a catastrophic failure at or around 4% H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Reassessment of this method determined that alternating current excitation and impedance spectroscopy methods provided the basis for a high reliability device. The palladium sensing film required an initial pretreatment of H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Upon initial pretreatment, the sensor was tested and cycled from 9% to 33% and found to be repeatable.
Development and validation of a fully automated online human dried blood spot analysis of bosentan and its metabolites using the Sample Card And Prep DBS System (2012)

This paper describes the development and validation of a liquid chromatography (LC)–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry assay for the fully automated simultaneous determination of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, and its three primary metabolites hydroxy bosentan (Ro 48-5033), desmethyl bosentan (Ro 47-8634), and hydroxy desmethyl bosentan (Ro 64-1056) in human dried blood spots (DBS) by use of the Sample Card And Prep (SCAP) DBS System. The system enabled the online extraction of compounds from filter paper cards without the need for punching and sample pretreatment. This was realized by automatic introduction of DBS sample cards into the LC flow via a pneumatically controlled clamp module. Using a three-column setup comprised of two pre columns for successive online DBS sample cleanup and a Synergi™ POLAR-RP C₁₈ analytical column for chromatographic separation under gradient conditions with a mobile phase A consisting of 1% acetic acid and a mobile phase B consisting of 1% acetic acid in methanol/2-propanol (80/20, v/v). MS/MS detection was performed in the positive multiple reaction monitoring mode using a Sciex API 4000 triple quadrupole LC–MS/MS system equipped with a TurboIonSpray™ source. The total run time was 9.0min. The individual phases of online human DBS analysis were synchronized by automated valve switching. The analytical method was shown to be sensitive and selective with inter-day accuracy and precision of 91.6–108.0% and 3.4–14.6%, respectively, and it exhibited good linearity (r²≥0.9951 for all analytes) over the concentration range of 2ng/mL (5ng/mL for Ro 47-8634)–1500ng/mL. The analytes were stable in human DBS over 3.5 months at ambient temperature and accurate and precise results were obtained when using a blood spot volume between 20 and 30μL. Furthermore, no apparent (−8.9 to 12.6%) impact of hematocrit values ranging from 0.35 to 0.65 was observed on the quantification of the analytes. The system allowed very good recoveries of all analytes, between 83.0% and 92.3% for bosentan, between 94.4% and 100% for Ro 48-5033, between 98.0% and 100% for Ro 47-8634, and between 94.3% and 100% for Ro 64-1056. The validation demonstrated that the SCAP DBS System provides a robust automated platform for DBS analysis.
Xylanase impact beyond performance: A microbiome approach in laying hens (2021)

Anti-nutritional compounds such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) are present in viscous cereals used in feed for poultry. Therefore, exogenous carbohydrases are commonly added to monogastric feed to degrade these NSP. Our hypothesis is that xylanase not only improves laying hen performance and digestibility, but also induces a significant shift in microbial composition within the intestinal tract and thereby might exert a prebiotic effect. In this context, a better understanding on whether and how the chicken gut microbial population can be modulated by xylanase is required. To do so, the effects of dietary supplementation of xylanase on performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and cecal microbiome in laying hens were evaluated in the present study. A total of 96 HiSex laying hens were used in this experiment (3 diets and 16 replicates of 2 hens). Xylanase was added to the diets at concentrations of 0, 45,000 (15 g/t XygestTM HT) and 90,000 U/kg (30 g/t Xygest HT). The diets were based on wheat (~55%), soybean and sunflower meal. The lowest dosage, 45,000 U/kg, significantly increased average egg weight and improved feed efficiency compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Egg quality parameters were significantly improved in the experiment in response to the xylanase addition. For example, during the last 28 days of the trial, birds receiving the 45,000 U/kg and the 90,000 U/kg treatments exhibited an increase in Haugh units and albumin heights (P<0.05). Compared with the control, the ATTD of organic matter and crude protein were drastically improved in the 45,000 U/kg treatment group (P<0.05). Furthermore, gross energy and the ATTD of crude fat were improved significantly for birds fed 90,000 U/kg group compared to the control. Importantly, 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that xylanase at 45,000 U/kg dosage can exert a change in the cecal microbiome. A significant increase in beneficial bacteria (Bacilli class; Enterococcaceae and Lactobacillales orders; Merdibacter, Enterococcus and Nocardiopsis genera; Enterococcus casseliflavus species) was documented when adding 45,000 U/kg xylanase to the diet of laying hens. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase 45,000 U/kg significantly improved laying hen performance and digestibility. Furthermore, microbiome data suggest that xylanase modulates the laying hen bacterial population beneficially, thus potentially exerting a prebiotic effect.
Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia as Treatment Option for Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Pancreatic Cancer Organoids (2021)

Treatment with MFH strongly diminished pancreatic cancer cell viability in vitro, making it a promising treatment strategy. As organoids resemble the more advanced in vivo conditions better than conventional 2D cell lines, our organoid model holds great potential for further investigations.
Motion simulation and correction validation using MR tagging (2017)

Involuntary subject motion is a well-known problem in MR imaging. Motion simulation is an important step to evaluate correction performance and motion induced artifacts. Here we introduce a new approach based on MR tagging to simulate desired motion pattern on a plain phantom. We employed SPAMM method to generate grid tags with a specified orientation and position. Grid tags were rotated and shifted with a desired pattern per TR. Correspondingly, the imaging slice followed the pattern to compensate the rotation and translation of the tags. Employing this approach, we could simulate motion in 5 DOF.
Generation and imaging of patient customized implants (2012)

Personalized medicine is the development of individual solutions and therapies tailored to the specific disease pattern of a patient. To enable patient customized medical solutions 40 partners of the Aachen Research Cluster "innovation medical technology in.nrw" are investigating a new generation of biomedical devices and systems. The subproject Patim addresses non-invasive monitoring techniques to observe dynamic changes in tissue engineered cardiovascular implants.
Software-Controlled Priority Characterization of POWER5 Processor (2008)

Due to the limitations of instruction-level parallelism, thread-level parallelism has become a popular way to improve processor performance. One example is the IBM POWER5TM processor, a two-context simultaneous-multithreaded dual-core chip. In each SMT core, the IBM POWER5 features two levels of thread resource balancing and prioritization. The first level provides automatic in-hardware resource balancing, while the second level is a software-controlled priority mechanism that presents eight levels of thread priorities. Currently, software-controlled prioritization is only used in limited number of cases in the software platforms due to lack of performance characterization of the effects of this mechanism. In this work, we characterize the effects of the software-based prioritization on several different workloads. We show that the impact of the prioritization significantly depends on the workloads coscheduled on a core. By prioritizing the right task, it is possible to obtain more than two times of throughput improvement for synthetic workloads compared to the baseline. We also present two application case studies targeting two different performance metrics: the first case study improves overall throughput by 23.7% and the second case study reduces the total execution time by 9.3%. In addition, we show the circumstances when a background thread can be run transparently without affecting the performance of the foreground thread.
N-tert-Butyl-N-(1-dibenzylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl)nitroxide (1998)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C23H33NO4P, has been determined by X-ray diffraction. It is the first example of a crystallized β-phosphorylated nitroxide.
Reductively Labile PRINT Particles for the Delivery of Doxorubicin to HeLa Cells (2008)

A Trojan horse PRINT particle composition was developed that incorporates a reductively labile cross-linker to achieve activated release of doxorubicin in vitro. Particles of discrete size and shape (cube side length = 2 micron) containing 30 wt % of a disulfide-based cross-linker and 2 wt % doxorubicin were synthesized. This PRINT composition was shown to release doxorubicin in response to a reducing environment as measured by flow cytometry and was found to be highly proficient at killing HeLa cells in vitro.
High-speed large-signal digital modulation of a 1.3 μm InGaAsP constricted mesa laser at a simulated bit rate of 16 Gbit/s (1985)

Recently, high-frequency 1.3μm InGaAsP constricted mesa lasers have shown a small-signal –3 dB bandwidth of more than 15 GHz at 15°C, and have been modulated with pseudorandom pulses at 8 Gbit/s (NRZ format). The letter reports large-signal digital modulation of such a constricted mesa laser using time-multiplexed electrical pulses 80 Ps in duration and 125 Ps apart which demonstrates the high-speed modulation capability of this laser at a simulated bit rate of 16 Gbit/s (NRZ).
Synthesis of Substituted Imidazoles via Organocatalysis. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of β-Lactams in Combination with the Novel β-Lactam Enhancers Zidebactam and WCK 5153 against Multidrug-Resistant Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (2019)

Zidebactam and WCK 5153 are novel bicyclo-acyl hydrazide (BCH) agents that have previously been shown to act as β-lactam enhancer (BLE) antibiotics in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> The objectives of this work were to identify the molecular targets of these BCHs in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and to investigate their potential BLE activity for cefepime and aztreonam against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing strains <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Penicillin binding protein (PBP) binding profiles were determined by Bocillin FL assay, and 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>s) were determined using ImageQuant TL software. MICs and kill kinetics for zidebactam, WCK 5153, and cefepime or aztreonam, alone and in combination, were determined against clinical <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates producing MBLs VIM-1 or NDM-1 (plus ESBLs and class C β-lactamases) to assess the <i>in vitro</i> enhancer effect of BCH compounds in conjunction with β-lactams. Additionally, murine systemic and thigh infection studies were conducted to evaluate BLE effects <i>in vivo</i> Zidebactam and WCK 5153 showed specific, high PBP2 affinity in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> The MICs of BLEs were >64 μg/ml for all MBL-producing strains. Time-kill studies showed that a combination of these BLEs with either cefepime or aztreonam provided 1 to >3 log<sub>10</sub> kill against MBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains. Furthermore, the bactericidal synergy observed for these BLE-β-lactam combinations translated well into <i>in vivo</i> efficacy even in the absence of MBL inhibition by BLEs, a characteristic feature of the β-lactam enhancer mechanism of action. Zidebactam and WCK 5153 are potent PBP2 inhibitors and display <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> BLE effects against multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> clinical isolates producing MBLs.
Influence of In-Situ Electrochemical Oxidation on Implant Surface and Colonizing Microorganisms Evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (2019)

Peri-implantitis is a worldwide increasing health problem, caused by infection of tissue and bone around an implant by biofilm-forming microorganisms. Effects of peri-implantitis treatment using mechanical debridement, air particle abrasion and electrochemical disinfection on implant surface integrity were compared. Dental implants covered with bacterial biofilm were cleaned using mechanical debridement and air particle abrasion. In addition, implants were disinfected using a novel electrochemical technique based on an array of boron-doped diamond (BDD) coated electrodes. Following treatment and preparation, the implants were inspected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Mechanical debridement led to changes in surface topography destroying the manufacturer's medium-rough surface by scratch formation. Air particle abrasion led to accumulation of the abrasive used on the implant surface. With both treatment options, appearance of bacteria and yeasts was not affected. In contrast, electrochemical disinfection did not cause alterations of the implant surface but resulted in distorted microbial cells. Electrochemical disinfection of implant surfaces using BDD electrodes may constitute a promising treatment option for cleaning dental implant surfaces without negatively affecting materials and surface properties.
Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor 1 Alpha–Mediated RelB/APOBEC3B Down‐regulation Allows Hepatitis B Virus Persistence (2021)

In conclusion, inhibiting HIF1α expression or stabilization represents an anti-HBV strategy in the context of immune-mediated A3B induction. High HIF1α, mediated by hypoxia or inflammation, offers a reservoir for HBV survival in vivo and should be considered as a restricting factor in the development of immune therapies.
History based heuristic feed querying scheme in web feed aggregator (2015)

There has been a dramatic increase in the use of XML data to deliver information over the Web. Many Web sites are now publishing feeds (most commonly known as RSS; often called really simple syndication) for their subscribers. To improve performance of content syndication system, history based pattern learning approaches are mainly used. This paper proposes a new feed querying scheme which is used in web feed aggregator. Heuristic approach is adopted to handle various feed publishing pattern. The simulation confirms that proposed scheme shows performance improvements in both item missing probability and post-it delay compared with conventional studies.