gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy, EELS, and full-potential augmented plane wave study of the electronic structure ofTi2AlC,Ti2AlN,Nb2AlC, and(Ti0.5Nb0.5)2AlC (2005)

The structural parameters of various H\"agg phases ($H$ or ${M}_{n+1}A{X}_{n}$ phases) are studied experimentally by x-ray and electron spectroscopies, x-ray diffraction, and ab initio full potential as well as full mutiple scattering theoretical calculations. Experimentally it was found that the structure of all ternary compounds analyzed herein are relaxed. The values of the lattice parameters and relaxations obtained from ab initio calculations are in excellent agreement with those deduced from the analysis of the experimental data. The bonding scheme has been analyzed and the charge transfer between constituting atoms determined. It is demonstrated that the strength and electrical transport properties in these materials are principally governed by the metallic planes. For the solid solution ${({\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{0.5})}_{2}\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{C}$, the most salient result is that the basal planes are corrugated, which could explain the solid solution scattering observed in this $H$ phase.
2‐Anilino‐3‐Aroylquinolines as Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors (2016)

Several 2-anilino-3-aroylquinolines were designed, synthesized, and screened for their cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines: HeLa, DU-145, A549, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7. Their IC50 values ranged from 0.77 to 23.6 μm. Among the series, compounds 7 f [(4-fluorophenyl)(2-((4-fluorophenyl)amino)quinolin-3-yl)methanone] and 7 g [(4-chlorophenyl)(2-((4-fluorophenyl)amino)quinolin-3-yl)methanone] showed remarkable antiproliferative activity against human lung cancer and prostate cancer cell lines. The IC50 values for inhibiting tubulin polymerization were 2.24 and 2.10 μm for compounds 7 f and 7 g, respectively, and were much lower than that of the reference compound E7010 [N-(2-(4-hydroxyphenylamino)pyridin-3-yl)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide]. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis revealed that these compounds arrest the cell cycle at the G2 /M phase, leading to apoptosis. Apoptosis was also confirmed by mitochondrial membrane potential, Annexin V-FITC assay, and intracellular ROS generation. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and tubulin polymerization assays showed that these compounds disrupt tubulin polymerization. Molecular docking studies revealed that these compounds bind efficiently to β-tubulin at the colchicine binding site.
Deciphering the Interplay between Binders and Electrolytes on the Performance of Li4Ti5O12 Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries (2022)

Lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12, LTO) is an attractive negative electrode for the development of safe—next-generation—lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LTO can find specific applications complementary to existing alternatives for LIBs thanks to its good rate capability at high C-rates, fast lithium intercalation, and high cycling stability. Furthermore, LIBs featuring LTO electrodes are inherently safer owing to the LTO’s operating potential of 1.55 V vs. Li+/Li where the commonly used organic-based electrolytes are thermodynamically stable. Herein, we report the combined use of water-soluble sodium alginate (SA) binder and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)-tetraglyme (1m-T) electrolyte and we demonstrate the improvement of the electrochemical performance of LTO-based electrodes with respect to those operating in conventional electrolyte 1M LiPF6-ethylene carbonate: dimethyl carbonate (LP30). We also tackle the analysis of the impact of combining the binder/electrolyte on the long-term cycling performance of LTO electrodes featuring SA or conventional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as binders. Therefore, to assess the impact of the combination of binder/electrolyte on performance, we performed post-mortem characterization by ex situ synchrotron diffraction experiments of LTO electrodes after cycling in LP30 and 1m-T electrolytes.
Intestinal absorption and metabolism of homoursodeoxycholic acid in rats. (1987)

Intestinal absorption, hepatic biotransformation and intestinal bacterial modification of the C25 homolog of ursodeoxycholic acid, homoursodeoxycholic acid, and its glycine conjugate, glycohomoursodeoxycholic acid, were studied in rats. Homoursodeoxycholic acid, like ursodeoxycholic acid, was efficiently absorbed from the intestine and rapidly excreted into the bile. Most (greater than 95%) of the absorbed homoursodeoxycholic acid was found to undergo beta-oxidation to form two C23 bile acids, norursodeoxycholic acid and nor-beta-muricholic acid during passage through the liver. Bacterial modification of homoursodeoxycholic acid was very similar to that of ursodeoxycholic acid. In the rat intestinal tract, glycohomoursodexycholic acid was deconjugated to form unconjugated homoursodeoxycholic acid which was then 7 beta-dehydroxylated to form homolithocholic acid.
Color-scalable flow cytometry with Raman tags (2023)

Flow cytometry is an indispensable tool in biology and medicine for counting and analyzing cells in large heterogeneous populations. It identifies multiple characteristics of every single cell, typically via fluorescent probes that specifically bind to target molecules on the cell surface or within the cell. However, flow cytometry has a critical limitation: the color barrier. The number of chemical traits that can be simultaneously resolved is typically limited to several due to the spectral overlap between fluorescence signals from different fluorescent probes. Here, we present color-scalable flow cytometry based on coherent Raman flow cytometry with Raman tags to break the color barrier. This is made possible by combining a broadband Fourier-transform coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (FT-CARS) flow cytometer, resonance-enhanced cyanine-based Raman tags, and Raman-active dots (Rdots). Specifically, we synthesized 20 cyanine-based Raman tags whose Raman spectra are linearly independent in the fingerprint region (400 to 1,600 cm<sup>-1</sup>). For highly sensitive detection, we produced Rdots composed of 12 different Raman tags in polymer nanoparticles whose detection limit was as low as 12 nM for a short FT-CARS signal integration time of 420 µs. We performed multiplex flow cytometry of MCF-7 breast cancer cells stained by 12 different Rdots with a high classification accuracy of 98%. Moreover, we demonstrated a large-scale time-course analysis of endocytosis via the multiplex Raman flow cytometer. Our method can theoretically achieve flow cytometry of live cells with >140 colors based on a single excitation laser and a single detector without increasing instrument size, cost, or complexity.
Supplementary Figure S7 from H3B-6527 Is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of FGFR4 in FGF19-Driven Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;RNA-seq analysis of TCGA HCC samples.&lt;/p&gt;
AlInN HEMT grown on SiC by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy for millimeter‐wave applications (2010)

Abstract In this work we present the epitaxial and device results of AlInN/GaN HEMTs grown on SiC by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. High quality AlInN/GaN HEMT structures with sub‐10 nm AlInN barrier were grown with very low Ga background level (&lt;1%). The low R sh of 215 Ω/sq was obtained with an excellent standard deviation of 1.1% across 3″ wafers. Lehighton RT contactless Hall tests show a high mobility of 1617 cm 2 /V s and sheet charge density of 1.76 × 10 13 /cm 2 . DC characteristics of an AlInN/GaN HEMT with a gate length of 0.1 µm and 25 nm Al 2 O 3 passivation show maximum drain current ( I DS,max ) of 2.36 A/mm at V GS = 2 V. Gate recessed devices with 0.15 µm gate length and 25 nm Al 2 O 3 passivation resulted in maximum transconductance ( g m ) of 675 mS/mm, the highest value ever reported in AlInN transistors. Excellent frequency response was obtained. The maximum f T is 86 GHz and f max is 91.7 GHz.
Efficiency of Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the CD4-Binding Site: Influence of Conformational Masking by the V2 Loop in R5-Tropic Clade C Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (2011)

In R5-tropic clade C simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIV-Cs), we identified a 3-asparagine (3N) deletion mutation in the V2 loop stem of gp120 as the major determinant of neutralization escape of the anti-CD4-binding site (anti-CD4-bs) neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nMAb) b12. However, the more potent anti-CD4-bs nMAbs VRC01 and VRC03 were not sensitive to this mutation. Using isogenic tier 1 or tier 2 proviruses differing only in the 3N mutation, we showed that this mutation might result in selective conformational b12 epitope masking. Therefore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Env immunogens targeting the CD4-bs and designed to neutralize tier 2 viruses should take conformational masking by the V2 loop into account.
PICOMATH-80™ (1980)

The last issue of the Bulletin contained an announcement titled "More about PICOMATH-80", referring to an earlier article that was mistakenly omitted. Here then is the full story about PICOMATH:MuMath 1 was intended to popularize computer algebra by making it available on the personal computers that are increasingly prevalent in homes, schools, and government or commercial research labs. It is too early to assess how much of the intended influence will occur, but the Radio Shack TRS-80 tm version being distributed by Microsoft 2 will surely contribute more significantly toward that goal than does the original version for more expensive personal computers running the CP/M tm operating system. Unfortunately, even the TRS-80 version requires a floppy disk drive and at least 32 kilobytes of RAM storage, whereas most TRS-80 owners have only a cassette drive and 16 kilobytes or less of RAM storage. As a lower bound, the Level I TRS-80 provides only 4 kilobytes of RAM, which permits only 100 statements or so of BASIC. Moveover, Level I BASIC is quite spartan, lacking even primitive string operations or more than a single 1-dimensional array. The least expensive computers produced by Apple, Atari, Commodore, Heath and Texas Instruments similarly provide only a cassette drive, 16 kilobytes of RAM or less, and some built-in dialect of BASIC. These mass marketed minimal machines account for the vast majority of personal computers. Moreover, most people with these machines do not upgrade them to the point where they could run muMATH or something like it if were available for the microprocessor which is employed. Perhaps if they could experience a taste of computer algebra on their machines, their interest would be awakened. Who knows -- perhaps they might ultimately upgrade all the way to a LISP machine, or else encourage their schools or employers to do so.
Metadata-based retrieval for resolution recommendation in AIOps (2022)

For a cloud service provider, the goal is to proactively identify signals that can help reduce outages and/or reduce the mean-time-to-detect and mean-time-to-resolve. After an incident is reported, the Site Reliability Engineers diagnose the fault and search for a resolution by formulating a textual query to find similar historical incidents - this approach is called text-based retrieval. However, it has been observed that the formulated queries are inadequate and short. An alternate approach, presented in this paper, integrates information spread across heterogeneous and siloed datasets, as a ready-to-use knowledge base for metadata-based resolution retrieval. Additionally, it exploits historical problem context for building metadata prediction models which are used at run-time for automatically formulating queries from log anomalies detected by the Log Anomaly Detection module. The query, thus formed, is run against the metadata-based index, unlike the text-based index in text retrieval, resulting in superior performance, in terms of relevancy of the resolution documents retrieved. Through experiments on web application server applications deployed on the cloud, we show the efficacy of metadata-based retrieval, which not only returns targeted results as compared to text-based retrieval but also the relevant resolution document appear amongst the top 3 positions for 60% of the queries.
A framework for evaluation of deformable image registration spatial accuracy using large landmark point sets (2009)

Expert landmark correspondences are widely reported for evaluating deformable image registration (DIR) spatial accuracy. In this report, we present a framework for objective evaluation of DIR spatial accuracy using large sets of expert-determined landmark point pairs. Large samples (>1100) of pulmonary landmark point pairs were manually generated for five cases. Estimates of inter- and intra-observer variation were determined from repeated registration. Comparative evaluation of DIR spatial accuracy was performed for two algorithms, a gradient-based optical flow algorithm and a landmark-based moving least-squares algorithm. The uncertainty of spatial error estimates was found to be inversely proportional to the square root of the number of landmark point pairs and directly proportional to the standard deviation of the spatial errors. Using the statistical properties of this data, we performed sample size calculations to estimate the average spatial accuracy of each algorithm with 95% confidence intervals within a 0.5 mm range. For the optical flow and moving least-squares algorithms, the required sample sizes were 1050 and 36, respectively. Comparative evaluation based on fewer than the required validation landmarks results in misrepresentation of the relative spatial accuracy. This study demonstrates that landmark pairs can be used to assess DIR spatial accuracy within a narrow uncertainty range.
Evaluation of HTTP QoS in a UMTS Network (2010)

This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the quality of service (QoS) provided by a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network for data services that use HTTP. Data collected from drive testing were used as the means to evaluate different drive routes of varying quality. The methodology presented in this paper can be easily modified to work with different networks.
Complex Phase Behaviour and Structural Transformations of Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Mixed Rigid and Flexible Bridging Ligands (2018)

Two new heteroleptic metal-organic framework materials show strong adsorption of H<sub>2</sub> and ethanol. [Co<sub>2</sub> (L1)(bdc)<sub>2</sub> ], where L1=N<sup>1</sup> ,N<sup>4</sup> -bis(4-pyridinylmethyl)-2,5-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine and bdc is benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate, has a twofold interpenetrating pillared layer structure with pcu topology. It has a stepped, hysteretic EtOH adsorption that can be related to complicated phase and structural transformation behaviour that occurs on de-solvation and re-solvation, including major conformational changes to the geometry of the flexible L1 ligand. [Co<sub>2</sub> (L1)(bpdc)<sub>2</sub> ], where bpdc=biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate, has a unique six-connected self-catenating framework structure. Solvation changes occur without significant structural change and a partially-hydrolysed material binds its own decomposition products as guests.
Effects of a Novel, Selective Jak2 Inhibitor, AZ60, on STAT5 Signaling and Cellular Growth in Jak2 V617F Cell Lines. (2007)

Abstract A role for Jak2 in the etiology of the myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) was discovered with the identification of a single activating point mutation, V617F, in the pseudokinase domain of JAK2. We have developed a Jak2 inhibitor, AZ60, which inhibits in vitro JAK2 enzyme activity with a Ki of 0.45 nM. AZ60 demonstrates inhibition of STAT5 phosphorylation and proliferation in a Tel-Jak2 engineered cell line with IC50 values of 18 and 23 nM, respectively. To understand the selectivity versus other Jak kinase family members we engineered three additional cell lines containing Tel fusions with the kinase domains of Jak1, Jak3 and Tyk2. Under these settings, AZ60 demonstrates a 15 to 30-fold selectivity for Tel-Jak2 driven STAT5 phosphorylation when compared to other Jak kinase family members. AZ60 was also tested for its ability to inhibit STAT5 phosphorylation and cellular proliferation in two human hematological cell lines, Set-2 and Hel. Set-2 expresses both wt and V617F Jak2, while Hel is homozygous for the Jak2 V617F mutation. AZ60 decreased phospho-STAT5 levels in a dose-dependent manner in both Set-2 and Hel cells with IC50 values of 15 and 25 nM, respectively. Complete inhibition of proliferation and a marked induction of apoptosis were observed in both cell lines following treatment with AZ60. Induction of apoptosis by AZ60 was characterized by a time- and dose-dependent increase in caspase 3/7 activities and PARP-cleavage. These data demonstrate AZ60 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Jak2 and may help decipher the mechanisms underlying Jak2-driven myeloproliferative disease.
Chelation-directed C–H activation/C–C bond forming reactions catalyzed by Pd(ii) nanoparticles supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (2017)

Chelation-directed C-H activation/C-C bond forming reactions utilizing homogeneous palladium(ii) and the Pd(ii)/Pd(iv) catalytic cycle have been previously reported. Here we report the first use of a solid-supported Pd(ii) catalyst [Pd(ii) nanoparticles on multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Pd(ii)/MWCNT] to carry out C-H activation/C-C bond forming reactions. The results presented demonstrate that the solid-supported Pd(ii)/MWCNT catalyst can effectively catalyze these arylation reactions using the Pd(ii)/Pd(iv) catalytic cycle. We also show that the solid-supported catalyst is recyclable, has turnover frequencies up to 2.9-fold higher than the homogeneous catalyst, and results in low levels of residual palladium contamination in the products.
Cost-effectiveness of Barostim therapy for the treatment of resistant hypertension in European settings (2013)

Barostim may be a cost-effective treatment when compared with optimal medical management in patients with resistant hypertension.
Facial Reconstruction by Biosurgery: Cell Transplantation Versus Cell Homing (2009)

The face distinguishes one human being from another. When the face is disfigured because of trauma, tumor removal, congenital anomalies, or chronic diseases, the patient has a strong desire for functional and esthetic restoration. Current practice of facial reconstruction using autologous grafts, synthetic fillers, and prostheses is frequently below the surgeon's and patient's expectations. Facial reconstruction is yet to take advantage of recent advances in seemingly unrelated fields of stem cell biology, chemical engineering, biomaterials, and tissue engineering. "Biosurgery," a new concept that we propose, will incorporate novel principles and strategies of bioactive cues, biopolymers, and/or cells to restore facial defects. Small facial defects can likely be reconstructed by cell homing and without cell transplantation. A critical advantage of cell homing is that agilely recruited endogenous cells have the potential to harness the host's innate capacity for regeneration, thus accelerating the rate of regulatory and commercialization processes for product development. Large facial defects, however, may not be restorable without cell delivery per our understanding at this time. New breakthrough in biosurgery will likely originate from integrated strategies of cell biology, cytokine biology, chemical engineering, biomaterials, and tissue engineering. Regardless of cell homing or cell delivery approaches, biosurgery not only will minimize surgical trauma and repetitive procedures, but also produce long-lasting results. At the same time, caution must be exercised against the development of products that lack scientific basis or dogmatic combination of cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules. Together, scientifically derived biosurgery will undoubtedly develop into new technologies that offer increasingly natural reconstruction and/or augmentation of the face.
Total Shoulder Replacement???Surgical Technique (1994)

Summary: Functional results after total shoulder replacement with a minimally constrained design are dependent on the pathologic condition necessitating joint replacement as well as the surgical technique. The surgical principles to be followed include preservation of both the origin and insertion of the deltoid, protection of adjacent neurovascular structures (i.e., axillary nerve), restoration of balanced soft tissue tension, and resurfacing of the arthritic articular surfaces.
Endopyelotomy for Secondary Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children (1991)

Percutaneous endopyelotomy has been shown to be successful in treating ureteropelvic junction obstruction in adults. Little data have been published regarding this procedure in children. We describe 4 patients 6.5 weeks to 5.5 years old who underwent percutaneous endopyelotomy to treat ureteropelvic junction obstruction following failed open dismembered pyeloplasty. Preoperative obstruction was demonstrated by a nephrostogram, diuretic renogram and/or ultrasonography. Percutaneous endopyelotomy was successful in relieving the obstruction in all 4 patients, although 2 required secondary endoscopic procedures. One patient had persistent obstruction 40 days after endopyelotomy at the ureteropelvic junction and, subsequently, required percutaneous resection of a persistent flap of obstructing tissue. In another patient a ureterovesical stricture was noted at the time of stent removal, which was treated by endoscopic incision. All patients have been followed from 1.5 to 3 years postoperatively. Followup diuretic renograms, ultrasound and/or excretory urography demonstrated a patent ureteropelvic junction in all patients and all have remained asymptomatic. Endopyelotomy appears to be safe and effective in treating secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children.