gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Responses to Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production (1995)

The objective of this study was to assess the potential contribution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to the leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and increased microvascular permeability observed in rat mesenteric venules after inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Leukocyte adherence and emigration and leakage of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled albumin were monitored in postcapillary venules before and after exposure of the tissue to L-NAME. H2O2 production in mesenteric tissue was monitored by using dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR), the H2O2-sensitive fluorochrome. L-NAME elicited a rapid increase in both the rate of albumin extravasation and oxidation of DHR, which was followed by an increased adherence and emigration of leukocytes in postcapillary venules. Treatment with either catalase or dimethylthiourea attenuated the L-NAME-induced oxidative stress, albumin leakage, and leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Oxidation of DHR was enhanced in animals treated with either 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ), an inhibitor of endogenous catalase, or a combination of ATZ and maleic acid diethyl ester, which depletes intracellular glutathione. Animals receiving a CD11/CD18-specific antibody to prevent leukocyte adhesion/emigration exhibited a reduced oxidation of DHR in response to L-NAME. These findings indicate that most of the H2O2 (and secondarily derived oxidants) generated in mesenteric tissue exposed to an inhibitor of nitric oxide production is due to accumulation of activated leukocytes.
Modulator‐Free Coherent‐One‐Way Quantum Key Distribution (2017)

Time‐bin encoding is an attractive method for transmitting photonic qubits over long distances with minimal decoherence. It allows a simple receiver for quantum key distribution (QKD) that extracts a key by measuring time of arrival of photons and detects eavesdropping by measuring interference of pulses in different time bins. In the past, coherent pulses have been generated using a CW laser and an intensity modulator. A greatly simplified transmitter is proposed and demonstrated here that works by directly modulating the laser diode. Coherence between pulses is maintained by a weak seed laser. The modulator‐free source creates time‐bin encoded pulses with a high extinction ratio (29.4 dB) and an interference visibility above 97 %. The resulting QKD transmitter gives estimated secure key rates up to 4.57 Mbit/s, the highest yet reported for coherent‐one‐way QKD, and can be programmed for all protocols using weak coherent pulses.
Multiple-channel wavelength conversions in a photonic crystal cavity (2015)

We demonstrate multiple-channel wavelength conversions of second harmonic and sum frequency generations in a silicon carbide photonic crystal cavity. The cavity is designed to have multiple modes including a nanocavity mode and Fabry-Pérot modes. Multiple-channel wavelength conversions in the nanocavity and Fabry-Pérot modes are shown experimentally. Furthermore, we investigate the polarization characteristics of wavelength-converted light. The experimental results of the polarization are in good agreement with calculation.
Tuning the Structural and Magnetic Properties in Mixed Cation MnxCo2–xP2S6 (2022)

The metal thiophosphates (MTP), <i>M</i><sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>, are a versatile class of van der Waals materials, which are notable for the possibility of tuning their magnetic properties with the incorporation of different transition-metal cations. Further, they also offer opportunities to probe the independent and synergistic role of the magnetically active cation sublattice when coupled to P<sub>2</sub>Q<sub>6</sub> polyhedra. Herein, we report the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of the series of MTPs, Mn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Co<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75) synthesized by the P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub> flux method. Structural and elemental analysis indicates a homogeneous stoichiometry in the Mn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Co<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> compounds. We observe that a correlation is apparent between the intensities of specific Raman modes and Raman shifts with respect to the alloying ratio between Mn and Co. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that the alloyed systems adopt an ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) configuration with a dependence of the Néel temperature on the alloying ratio. A possible magnetic frustration behavior was observed for the composition MnCoP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> due to magnetic moment compensation as the alloying ratio between Mn and Co approaches parity. Interestingly, mixed oxidation states of the metal cation species are also observed in Mn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Co<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> along with a linear dependence of the work function on the alloying ratio of Mn and Co.
E3 ligase activity of Carboxyl terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein ( CHIP) in Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells improves their persistence under hyperglycemic stress and promotes the prophylactic effects against diabetic cardiac damages (2021)

Recent studies indicate that umbilical cord stem cells are cytoprotective against several disorders. One critical limitation in using stem cells is reduction in their viability under stressful conditions, such as diabetes. However, the molecular intricacies responsible for diabetic conditions are not fully elucidated. In this study, we found that high glucose (HG) conditions induced loss of chaperone homeostasis, stabilized PTEN, triggered the downstream signaling cascade, and induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs). Increased Carboxyl terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) expression promoted phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system and shortened its half-life during HG stress. Docking studies confirmed the interaction of CHIP with PTEN and FOXO3a with the <i>Bim</i> promoter region. Further, it was found that the chaperone system is involved in CHIP-mediated PTEN proteasomal degradation. CHIP depletion stabilizes PTEN whereas PTEN inhibition showed an inverse effect. CHIP overactivation suppressed the binding of FOXO3a with <i>bim</i>. Coculturing CHIP overexpressed WJMSCs suppressed HG-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in embryo derived cardiac cell lines. CHIP overexpressing and PTEN silenced WJMSCs ameliorated diabetic effects in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats and further improved their body weight and heart weight, and rescued from hyperglycemia-induced cardiac injury. Considering these, the current study suggests that CHIP confers resistance to apoptosis and acts as a potentiation factor in WJMSCs to provide protection from degenerative effects of diabetes.
Particle-Size and Radiochemical Purity Evaluations of Filtered 99mTc-Sulfur Colloid Prepared with Different Heating Times (2014)

Our results indicate that although there are slight significant differences in RCP value, particle size, and particle number for (99m)Tc-FSC prepared using either a standard or a reduced heating time, both methods produce particles within the optimum range for sentinel node studies.
Novel Radioligands for Sigma‐1 Receptor Binding Studies (2008)

Sigma receptors are involved in numerous physiological processes and disease states. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that modulation of sigma receptors via sigma specific ligands can affect these systems. While significant advances have been made in elucidating the role of sigma receptors, further characterization of the interaction of sigma ligands with sigma receptors is needed. The study of the binding characteristics of sigma sites in vivo and in vitro requires radiolabeled probes with high affinity and selectivity. The radioligand presently used for in vitro studies of the sigma‐1 receptor, [3H](+)‐pentazocine, has significant limitations; it is difficult to synthesize, has limited chemical stability, and can be problematic to obtain, particularly outside of the U.S. Evaluation of a series of novel compounds in sigma receptor competition binding assays revealed two compounds, SN56 and CM304, to have subnanomolar affinity and &gt;5000‐fold selectivity for the sigma‐1 subtype relative to sigma‐2. They were thus selected for development as potential radioligands to replace [3H](+)‐pentazocine. Both radioligands are significantly easier to synthesize than [3H](+)‐pentazocine. Preliminary studies indicate that [3H]‐SN56 and [3H]‐CM304 exhibit 1) specific and saturable binding to the sigma‐1 receptor, 2) association kinetics comparable to existing radioligands for sigma receptors, and 3) competitive displacement by classical sigma compounds including (+)‐pentazocine and haloperidol. Additional competition binding and kinetic studies are in progress, as are studies to establish pharmacologic equivalency to [3H](+)‐pentazocine. Funding for this work was provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA013978, DA023205).
Physical Simulation of the Hot Direct Rolling of Steel (2011)

Abstract Thin slab casting and direct rolling technologies became important for hot strip production to increase the productivity, to lower the investment costs and to increase the energy efficiency. The main objective of our investigation is to gain a better understanding of the microstructural evolution starting from solidification through to the final hot rolled sheet. Small ingots were cast and direct rolled and reheated and rolled, using a thermomechanical testing machine. The differences in the recrystallization kinetics during both production routes were measured using double hit hot compression tests. In addition, multipass deformation trials were performed to reveal differences in the resulting microstructure and the grain size homogeneity. It was found, that the coarse initial microstructure before rolling become negligible after three rolling passes. This means that despite the simple and economical direct rolling similar mechanical strip properties can be obtained in comparison to conventional strip production routes.
The pharmacology of CGS 25462 (1993)

Trapani, Angelo J.; Lombaert, Stephané De; Erion, Mark D.; Ghai, Rajendra D.; Peppard, Jane V.; Lappe, Rodney W.; Worcel, Manuel Author Information
Photonic Band Gaps in Two Dimensional Photonic Quasicrystals (1998)

It is generally believed that long range periodic order is instrumental in the formation of a photonic band gap. Using a spectral method that scales linearly with the system size, we found that sizable spectral gaps for each polarization in 2D can be found in aperiodic arrangements of dielectrics that resemble quasicrystalline tiling. Since the aperiodic arrangement has many inequivalent sites, the defect properties of these systems are more complex and interesting than conventional photonic band gap systems.
Design of a highly photocatalytically active ZnO/CuWO4 nanocomposite (2017)

We report the synthesis, photocatalytic activity and mechanistic study of a novel heterostructure (HTS) with an efficient charge separation. A ZnO/CuWO4 HTS material is reported for the first time. The nanocomposite (NC) consists of CuWO4 nanoparticles (ca. 200-400 nm) decorated with ZnO nanorods (ca. 30 nm, 100 nm length) and is shown to be a highly active photocatalyst for decomposition of model contaminants including methyl orange and terephthalic acid. The ZnO/CuWO4 interface is shown to be the key for controlling the enhanced activity of the composite material. Transient absorption spectroscopy studies demonstrated that a photoinduced charge transfer across the ZnO/CuWO4 interface increased electron-hole lifetime by 3 orders of magnitude, from < 20 s in ZnO to 30 ms in the ZnO/CuWO4 NC sample. Our findings show that through interface design efficient HTS materials can be prepared for a wide range of photocatalytic applications.
Stereoselective Synthesis of the IDO Inhibitor Navoximod (2022)

A highly efficient asymmetric synthesis of the IDO inhibitor navoximod, featuring the stereoselective installation of two relative and two absolute stereocenters from an advanced racemic intermediate, is described. The stereocenters were set via a crystallization-induced dynamic resolution along with two selective ketone reductions: one via a biocatalytic ketoreductase transformation and one via substrate-controlled hydride delivery from LiAlH(O<i>t-</i>Bu)<sub>3</sub>. Following this strategy, navoximod was synthesized in 10 steps from 2-fluorobenzaldehyde and isolated in 23% overall yield with 99.7% ee and high purity.
IGNITE: A phase II signal-seeking trial of adavosertib targeting recurrent high-grade, serous ovarian cancer with cyclin E1 overexpression with and without gene amplification. (2022)

5515 Background: Cyclin E1 gene amplification and protein over-expression is a marker of platinum resistance in high grade serous ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer (HGSC), and may predict response to WEE1 inhibition. Adavosertib, a WEE1 inhibitor, has demonstrated activity in unselected women with recurrent ovarian and serous endometrial cancer. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adavosertib in women with recurrent platinum resistant HGSC with cyclin E1 over-expression, with and without gene amplification. Methods: IGNITE is a multicentre, phase 2 trial with 2 cohorts of women with recurrent platinum resistant HGSC. Tumors were assessed for cyclin E1 protein expression by IHC and CCNE1 copy number by FISH. Patients were assigned to Cohort 1 if tumors were cyclin E1 over-expressed (H-score&gt;50) and amplified (≥8 copies), and Cohort 2 if tumors were overexpressed and nonamplified. Patients with evaluable disease by RECIST v1.1 or GCIG CA-125 criteria were included. Adavosertib 300mg PO was given daily on days 1-5 and 8-12 of a 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was investigator assessed clinical benefit (CB) defined as absence of progression for ≥ 18 weeks. Here we present the 18-week response data for the first 32 patients treated from Cohort 2, with a data cut-off of August 2021. Results: Between Jan-2020 and May-2021, 32 patients were accrued to Cohort 2. Median age was 62 years (range 42-77) and 84% had received ≥2 prior lines of chemotherapy. Median cyclin E1 IHC H-score was 120 and 28 patients (88%) had measurable disease by RECIST. Median number of cycles commenced was 8 (range 1-19). Overall response rate (ORR) was 53% and CB rate was 61% for all evaluable patients. Seventeen patients (53%) required a dose reduction, most commonly for neutropenia or fatigue. Seventeen patients experienced ≥Grade 3 treatment related adverse event, and 4 patients (15%) discontinued due to toxicity. Conclusions: The efficacy results in a biomarker-selected cohort of patients are promising with a higher response rate than reported in previous studies of adavosertib in unselected women with recurrent HGSC. Duration of response and progression free survival data will be presented as data matures. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12619001185156P. [Table: see text]
Flash DSC crystallization study for blown film grade bimodal HDPE resins. I. Isothermal kinetics and its application of the blown film modeling (2016)

ABSTRACT Isothermal ultra‐cooling crystallization tests were conducted on three blown film grade bimodal HDPE resins using an ultrafast scanning calorimeter, the Flash DSC. Isothermal tests were performed to study the regime transition, the thermal nucleation and the spherulitical growth using the Hoffman‐Lauritzen theory in a range between 90 °C and 116 °C. Temperature profile estimations using such data were in good agreement with actual blown film process data. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54 , 2425–2431
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 Side-Chain for Antibacterial Activity and Oral Efficacy (2011)

Utilizing a fully synthetic route to tetracycline analogues, the C-9 side-chain of the fluorocyclines was optimized for both antibacterial activity and oral efficacy. Compounds were identified that overcome both efflux (tet(K), tet(A)) and ribosomal protection (tet(M)) tetracycline-resistance mechanisms and are active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. A murine systemic infection model was used as an oral efficacy screen to rapidly identify compounds with oral bioavailability. Two compounds were identified that exhibit both oral bioavailability in rat and clinically relevant bacterial susceptibility profiles against major respiratory pathogens. One compound demonstrated oral efficacy in rodent lung infection models that was comparable to marketed antibacterial agents.
A 60 GHz reconfigurable active phase shifter based on a vector modulator in 65 nm CMOS technology (2016)

This paper presents a 60 GHz reconfigurable active phase shifter based on a vector modulator implemented in 65 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology. This circuit is based on the recombination of two differential paths in quadrature. The proposed vector modulator allows us to generate a phase shift between 0° and 360°. The voltage gain varies between −13 and −9 dB in function of the phase shift generated with a static consumption between 26 and 63 mW depending on its configuration.
Contact Engineering of Halide Perovskites: Gold is Not Good Enough; Metalloid is Better (2023)

The operation stability of halide perovskite devices is the critical issue that impedes their commercialization. The main reasons are that the ambient H<sub>2</sub> O molecules can easily deteriorate the perovskites, while the metal electrodes react in different degrees with the perovskites. Herein, one kind of new electrode, the metalloids, is reported, which are much more stable than the conventional noble metals as electrical contacts for halide perovskites. The degradation mechanism of halide perovskites with noble metal electrodes is carefully studied and compared with the metalloid electrodes. It is found that the iodide ions can easily halogenate Cu and Ag in halide perovskites. Although Au is almost not halogenated, it can also decompose the perovskite film. On the contrary, after long-term storage, the metalloid electrodes remain intact on the perovskite film without any degradation. In addition, the long-time operation stability of the perovskite devices with metalloid electrodes is much higher than that of noble metals. First-principles calculations confirm the exceptional stability of the metalloid electrodes.This work explores the ultra-stable electrodes for halide perovskites, paving the way to the large-scale deployment of perovskite-based electronic devices.
Effects of Rolling Friction on Ball Positioning for an Automatic Ball Balancer (2009)

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on the effects of rolling friction between balls and the racer on ball positioning for an automatic ball balancer (ABB). The performance of an ABB, which is characterized by residual vibration of the rotor, relies heavily on balls’ positions. However, the magnitude of rolling friction determines the ball position of the balancing system, which in turn affects the performance of the ABB. In this study, a set of ball balancers are fabricated including ceramic balls and the associated PTFE and ceramic ball races for the purpose of investigating the validity of the mathematical model of the rolling friction. The driving-force equation associated with the dynamic equations of motion of the balls is developed to determine the ball positions as well as the performance of the balancing system. Two sets of experimental apparatus are constructed. One is aimed to verify the mathematical model of the rolling friction of the ball balancer. The other applies an optical-disc drive system together with a high-speed camera to record the ball positions and verify the results obtained from computer simulation.
Development and optimisation of atom cells for sensitive coupled gas chromatography-flame atomic-absorption spectrometry (1982)

The development of four novel atom cells for the determination of volatile organometallic compounds by coupled gas chromatography-flame atomic-absorption spectrometry is described. Tetraalkyllead compounds provided a model system in the optimisation of the four atom cells by the variable step-size simplex method. The effects of the various parameters on analytical performance are discussed. In the most sensitive system presented the effluent from the chromatograph was fed to a small hydrogen diffusion flame and the atoms from this flame were swept into a flame-heated ceramic tube. This simple, readily demountable arrangement enjoys the advantages of continuous operation associated with flames but, because of the relatively long atomic residence times, gave detection limits of 17 pg for both tetraethyl- and tetramethyllead. These limits are superior to any previously reported for a gas chromatographic-atomic-absorption spectrometric technique, including those employing electrothermal atomisation.
Coherence properties of infrared thermal emission from heated metallic nanowires (2008)

Coherence properties of the infrared thermal radiation from individual heated nanowires are investigated as a function of nanowire dimensions. Interfering the thermally induced radiation from a heated nanowire with its image in a nearby moveable mirror, well-defined fringes are observed. From the fringe visibility, the coherence length of the thermal emission radiation from the narrowest nanowires was estimated to be at least 20μm, which is much larger than expected from a classical blackbody radiator. Significant increases in coherence and emission efficiency are observed for smaller nanowires.
On Cooperative Federated Defense to Secure Multiaccess Edge Computing (2022)

The research of cyber security for Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) has not yet received a great interest. Specifically, the attack detection issue is considered as a major concern since the MEC network, which handles attractive information, is prone to several internal and external network attacks. Recently, the Federated Learning (FL) and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) have been used to detect and prevent attacks from targeting the wireless mobile networks. In this article, we present the state of the art of MEC attack detection and defense frameworks which incorporate FL and GAN algorithms. Moreover, we propose a new cyber defense framework based on a Federated Generative Adversarial Network (FedGAN) algorithm and non-cooperative game to improve over time the precision of attack detection.
Guided-mode resonant subwavelength gratings: effects of finite beams and finite gratings (2001)

The effects of finite beams and finite gratings on the performance of guided-mode resonant subwavelength gratings are characterized by using the rigorous boundary element method. The gratings are strongly modulated, have a finite number of periods, and are illuminated by normally incident Gaussian beams. Quantitative results are presented for silicon-on-sapphire resonant gratings and gallium arsenide-aluminum arsenide resonant gratings.
Big Data Analysis on Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats. (2015)

In this paper, we present the use of Principal Component Analysis and customized software, to accelerate the spectral analysis of biological samples. The work is part of the mission of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences sponsored Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats Center, establishing linkages between environmental pollutants and preterm birth. This paper provides an overview of the data repository developed for the Center, and presents a use case analysis of biological sample data maintained in the database system.