gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dark and UV-Enhanced Degradation of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate on Mesoporous CeO2 Aerogels (2023)

Our development of high surface-area mesoporous expressions of ceria (CeO2) is motivated by recent studies identifying CeO2 as one of the most reactive oxides for adsorbing and degrading toxic organophosphorus compounds, including chemical warfare simulants. We synthesize nanostructured CeO2 aerogels using a facile, scalable, and template-free sol–gel method to amplify the number of available and accessible surface sites for organophosphorus adsorption/degradation and then spectroscopically characterize the degradation of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) at the aerogel surface. The CeO2 aerogels retain high concentrations of surface-sited residual Cl from the chloride sol–gel precursors, which block DMMP binding sites and hinder the formation of surface hydroxyls (OH). We demonstrate that a simple alkaline soak removes surface-fouling Cl and creates a more OH-rich surface, thus unleashing the hydrolytic activity of the amplified CeO2 aerogel surfaces. Whereas the Cl-fouled CeO2 surface weakly and reversibly binds DMMP, the rinsed, OH-rich surface irreversibly binds DMMP and rapidly generates hydrolysis products. Exciting the CeO2 bandgap with UV light (390–400 nm) accelerates DMMP degradation and generates a higher proportion of mineralized POx products than the dark reaction. Our work marks the first-ever report of photodegradation of a chemical warfare simulant at CeO2 as well as the first report of mineralized POx formation at CeO2 at room temperature. The high surface-area CeO2 aerogels exhibit higher capacity than non-networked, nanoparticulate CeO2, thus highlighting the potential applicability of nanocrystalline CeO2 aerogels for protection against organophosphorus compounds.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Chemogenomic Profiling Provides Insights into the Limited Activity of Irreversible EGFR Inhibitors in Tumor Cells Expressing the T790M EGFR Resistance Mutation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Chemogenomic Profiling Provides Insights into the Limited Activity of Irreversible EGFR Inhibitors in Tumor Cells Expressing the T790M EGFR Resistance Mutation
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy controlled local magnetic configurations in (Ga,Mn)As spin-transfer-torque microdevices (2007)

The large saturation magnetization in conventional dense moment ferromagnets offers flexible means of manipulating the ordered state through demagnetizing shape anisotropy fields but these dipolar fields, in turn, limit the integrability of magnetic elements in information storage devices. We show that in a (Ga,Mn)As dilute moment ferromagnet, with comparatively weaker magnetic dipole interactions, locally tunable magnetocrystalline anisotropy can take the role of the internal field which determines the magnetic configuration. Experiments and theoretical modeling are presented for lithographically patterned microchannels and the phenomenon is attributed to lattice relaxations across the channels. The utility of locally controlled magnetic anisotropies is demonstrated in current induced switching experiments. We report structure sensitive, current induced in-plane magnetization switchings well below the Curie temperature at critical current densities 10^5 Acm^-2. The observed phenomenology shows signatures of a contribution from domain-wall spin-transfer-torque effects.
Tetracyclic Triterpenoids in Herbal Medicines and their Activities in Diabetes and its Complications (2015)

Tetracyclic triterpenoids, including the dammarane, cucurbitane, cycloartane, lanostane and protostane groups, is a class of triterpenoids widely distributed in various medicinal plants, particularly those commonly used for the treatment of diabetes and its complications, such as Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, Panax notoginseng, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Astragalus membranaceus, Momordica charantia, and Ganoderma lucidum. This review highlights recent findings on the chemistry and bioactivities of tetracyclic triterpenoids from these plants and other popular herbal medicines.
Development and validation of a risk score for predicting operative mortality in heart failure patients undergoing surgical ventricular reconstruction (2015)

The ACEF-SVR score, starting from a simplified model of risk enabled improvement in the accuracy and calibration of the model, tailoring the risk to a specific population of patients with HF undergoing a specific surgical procedure.
The Learning Curve for the Latarjet Procedure: A Systematic Review (2018)

With experience, surgeons achieved a level of proficiency in performing arthroscopic and open Latarjet procedures, as measured by decreased operative time, length of hospital stay, and complication rate. The most commonly reported difference was operative time, which was significant across all studies. Overall, the Latarjet procedure is a safe procedure with low complication rates, although further research is required to truly characterize this learning curve.
Synthesis of the carbocyclic analog of uridine 5′-(α-D-galactopyranosyl diphosphate) (UDP-Gal) as an inhibitor of β(1 → 4)-galactosyltransferase (1995)

Uridine 5′-(5a-carba-α-D-galactopyranosyl diphosphate), the carbocyclic analog of UDP-galactose where the ring oxygen of the galactose residue is replaced by a methylene group, was chemically synthesized as a potential inhibitor of galactosyltransferases. It was found to be a competitive inhibitor of UDP-galactose: N-acetylglucosamine β(1 → 4)-galactosyltransferase from bovine milk (EC 2.4.1.22) with a K i value of 58 µM, similar to the K m value for UDP-galactose (25 µM). Keywords: carbocycles, UDP-5a-carbagalactose, galactosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase inhibitor.
Instrumentation for Medium-Throughput Two-Dimensional Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection (2006)

In two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis, a sample undergoes separation in the first dimension capillary by sieving electrophoresis. Fractions are periodically transferred across an interface into a second dimension capillary, where components are further resolved by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis. Previous instruments employed one pair of capillaries to analyze a single sample. We now report a multiplexed system that allows separation of five samples in parallel. Samples are injected into five first-dimension capillaries, fractions are transferred across an interface to 5 second-dimension capillaries, and analyte is detected by laser-induced fluorescence in a five-capillary sheath-flow cuvette. The instrument produces detection limits of 940 +/- 350 yoctomoles for 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde labeled trypsin inhibitor in one-dimensional separation; detection limits degrade by a factor of 3.8 for two-dimensional separations. Two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis expression fingerprints were obtained from homogenates prepared from a lung cancer (A549) cell line, on the basis of capillary sieving electrophoresis (CSE) and micellar electrophoresis capillary chromatography (MECC). An average of 131 spots is resolved with signal-to-noise greater than 10. A Gaussian surface was fit to a set of 20 spots in each electropherogram. The mean spot width, expressed as standard deviation of the Gaussian function, was 2.3 +/- 0.7 transfers in the CSE dimension and 0.46 +/- 0.25 s in the MECC dimension. The standard deviation in spot position was 1.8 +/- 1.2 transfers in the CSE dimension and 0.88 +/- 0.55 s in the MECC dimension. Spot capacity was 300.
The Cell Walls of Green Algae: A Journey through Evolution and Diversity (2012)

The green algae represent a large group of morphologically diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes that occupy virtually every photic habitat on the planet. The extracellular coverings of green algae including cell walls are also diverse. A recent surge of research in green algal cell walls fueled by new emerging technologies has revealed new and critical insight concerning these coverings. For example, the late divergent taxa of the Charophycean green algae possess cell walls containing assemblages of polymers with notable similarity to the cellulose, pectins, hemicelluloses, arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), extensin, and lignin present in embryophyte walls. Ulvophycean seaweeds have cell wall components whose most abundant fibrillar constituents may change from cellulose to β-mannans to β-xylans and during different life cycle phases. Likewise, these algae produce complex sulfated polysaccharides, AGPs, and extensin. Chlorophycean green algae produce a wide array of walls ranging from cellulose-pectin complexes to ones made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins. Larger and more detailed surveys of the green algal taxa including incorporation of emerging genomic and transcriptomic data are required in order to more fully resolve evolutionary trends within the green algae and in relationship with higher plants as well as potential applications of wall components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Lifetime-oriented SVPWM for thermally-overloaded power devices in three-level inverters (2015)

Boosting lifetime of power components in multilevel inverters is a major aim to enhance the total system reliability and performance. This paper presents a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy for lifetime prolongation of thermally-overloaded power devices in multilevel inverters. When a thermal overloading is detected in one of the power devices, the proposed algorithm is applied to relieve the overloaded device and therefore preventing dangerous circumstances such as open-or short-circuit faults. The proposed methodology relies on using the redundancy property between the switching states in multilevel inverters to continuously evaluate the junction temperature of the thermally-overloaded power devices for all the possible switching sequences, then it identifies the optimal relieving switching sequence. The proposed methodology is valid for both/either of the power switching devices and/or DC-link capacitors. The proposed strategy is simple, and does not require any additional hardware. Furthermore, it does not deteriorate the output power. Accordingly, lifetime and reliability of multilevel inverters have been enhanced considerably. The proposed methodology has been designed and validated by simulation and experimental prototyping of a three-level T-type inverter system to investigate its feasibility and effectiveness.
The Joy of Nanoscale Imaging and Spectroscopy in a Low Accelerating Voltage Scanning Transmitted Electron Microscope (2018)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Human DNA topoisomerase II: evaluation of enzyme activity in normal and neoplastic tissues (1990)

We have used both a quantitative filter binding assay and a decatenation assay to measure DNA topoisomerase II activity. The filter binding assay, which measures catenating activity, is able to detect topoisomerase II activity at 50-100-fold lower protein concentrations than the decatenation assay. Because of this remarkable sensitivity, we have been able to quantitate topoisomerase II activity in a variety of normal and neoplastic human tissues. The highest level of enzyme activity in normal tissues was found in the spleen and thymus. The highest level of enzyme activity in neoplasms was found in those that clinically behave in an aggressive manner and had a high proliferative status by flow cytometry. Surprisingly, these high topoisomerase II values in the neoplastic specimens are in the same range of values found in normal nonproliferating tissue. Since much previous data indicate that the enzyme is apparently a property of only proliferating cells, this finding might suggest that human tissues contain more than one form of the enzyme. The finding that 35-65% of the topoisomerase II activity in human tissues is resistant to teniposide suggests that more than one enzyme form exists.
Leucopenia during Treatment Is a Good Prognostic Risk Factor for Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: An Analysis of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). (2005)

Abstract Purpose: A systematic analysis of gender-specific factors in Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) studies previously revealed a better outcome for female HL patients. Factors contributing to better prognosis among female patients not only included more favorable risk factors at diagnosis, but also more treatment-induced severe leuopenia (WHO grade III/IV). The purpose of the current analysis was to characterize and investigate the protective role of severe leucopenia for both, male and female HL patients. Patients and Methods: 4626 HL patients including 2050 females (f) and 2576 males (m) of all prognostic risk groups who were enrolled into the multicenter studies HD4-HD9 of the GHSG were evaluated. The median follow-up after treatment was 5.5 years. Results: Female patients had a significantly better freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) with 81% at 66 months (95% confidence interval 79% – 82%), when compared with male patients (74%; 72% – 76%; p&amp;lt;.0001). This was in part related to the occurrence of more acute chemotherapy-related leucopenia (WHO grade III/IV): 69.9% in female patients and 55.2% in male patients (p&amp;lt;.0001). Furthermore, severe leucopenia during chemotherapy was strongly associated with better FFTF for both, male and female patients. Separate multivariate analyses showed that severe leucopenia remained significant when only male patients were included (0.011). In addition, patients who developed severe leucopenia within the first two cycles of chemotherapy also had a significantly better FFTF (p=.0002) compared with all other patients (Klimm et al, JCO in press). When considering patients with advanced HL undergoing BEACOPP in baseline or escalated dose, the presence of severe leucopenia during chemotherapy (p=.0074) was associated with a better outcome. This finding was also confirmed when only the first two cycles of treatment were analyzed (p =.0205). Conclusion: The protective role of severe leucopenia suggests evaluating of a more individualized therapy in future trials, that may be tailored in a response-adapted manner depending on the individual toxicity profile within the first cycles.
DEVELOPMENT OF A FINITEELEMENT STORED GRAIN ECOSYSTEM MODEL (2002)

An axisymmetric finiteelement model was developed that predicts the heat, mass, and momentum transfer thatoccurred in upright corrugated steel storage structures due to conduction, diffusion, and natural convection using realisticboundary conditions. Weather data that included hourly total solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature, and relativehumidity were used to model the temperature, moisture content, dry matter loss, and maize weevil development during storagewith no aeration, and with ambient and chilled aeration. Periods of aeration were simulated assuming a uniform airflow ratethrough the grain mass. Heat and mass balances were used to calculate the temperature and absolute humidity in theheadspace and plenum based on solar radiation, wind speed, ambient conditions, air infiltration, convective heat and masstransfer from the grain surface, and permeable boundaries that allowed natural convection currents to cross grain surfaces.A heat balance was used to estimate the wall temperature. The type of weather data in terms of solar radiation and frequencyof data appear to be important when predicting the grain temperature, moisture content, dry matter loss, and maize weevildevelopment.
Joint Beat & Tatum Tracking From Music Signals. (2006)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Phase I Trial of N-803, an IL15 Receptor Agonist, with Rituximab in Patients with Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2021)

N-803 combines with mAbs to enhance tumor targeting in patients, and warrants further investigation in combination with immunotherapies.
Viscoelastic Properties of Nylon 6 and Nylon 66 Tire Cords: Morphological Analysis (1987)

Abstract The differences in the viscoelastic properties of conditioned nylon 6 and nylon 66 cords leading to higher shoulder temperatures of nylon 66 tires are reviewed and analyzed in terms of fiber structure. It is concluded that these differences are related to the differences in crystallographic behavior of the two polymers. The conclusions are based on the viscoelastic data from tire cords removed from tires and the properties recorded after mechanical conditioning to reach steady state equivalent to driving conditions. Viscoelastic data are obtained with the Allied high-strain viscoelastomer and structural interpretations are based on SAXS and WAXS analyses.
Analysis of enhanced OSPF for routing lightpaths in optical mesh networks (2003)

We discuss enhancements to the OSPF (open shortest path first) protocol for routing and topology discovery in optical mesh networks. OSPF's opaque LSA (link state advertisement) mechanism is used to extend OSPF to disseminate optical resource related information through optical LSAs. Standard link-state database flooding mechanisms are used for distribution of optical LSAs. Each optical LSA carries optical resource information pertaining to a single optical link bundle between two adjacent OXCs (optical cross connects), allowing for fine granularity changes in topology to be incorporated in path computation algorithms. OSPF packets are carried over a single IP control channel between adjacent OXCs. We analyze the performance of OSPF with optical extensions. Specifically, we compute control channel bandwidth used due to LSA updates. We also estimate the amount of memory required to store the LSA database. Finally, we study CPU usage for computing primary and backup lightpaths. Our analysis shows that the control channel bandwidth usage, memory requirement, and CPU usage are small enough to not be limiting factors for designing optical networks with single OSPF areas consisting of a large number (more than 500) of OXCs.
Kinetics of primary SIV infection in lymph nodes (1994)

The very early stages of SIV infection in lymph nodes of rhesus monkeys were characterized by in situ hybridization. Massive viral replication was detected in macrophages and lymphocytes during the first week of infection. In a second phase, SIV RNA concentrated in the developing germinal centers, and colocalized with the follicular dendritic cells. The down-regulation of the viral load in lymph nodes varied depending on the animal, indicating early differences in the susceptibility to SIV infection.
SYNTHESE UND NMR-UNTERSUCHUNGEN VON 2-FLUOR-TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINEN UND IHREN DERIVATEN (1982)

Abstract 2-Fluorphenyllithium reacts with chloro-phenyl-phosphines Ph3-n PCl n , = 1, 2, 3 to give diphenyl-(2-fluorophenyl)phosphine 1. bis-(2-fluorophenyl)phenyl-phosphine 2 and tris-(2-fluorophenyl)phosphine 3. The new compounds and their oxides are characterized by 13C-, 31P-NMR and mass spectra. Reaction with bromine yields the dibromtriarylphosphoranes. These compounds form with o-aminophenols two permutation isomeric 2,2,2-triaryl-1,3,2Λ5-benzoxazaphospholes. 2-Fluorphenyllithium reagiert mit Chlor-phenyl-phosphinen Ph3-n PCl n n 1, 2, 3 zu Diphenyl-(2-fluorphenyl)phosphin 1, Bis-(2-fluorphenyl)phenylphosphin 2 und Tris-(2-fluorphenyl)phosphin 3. Die neuen Verbindungen und ihre Oxide werden durch die 13C-und 31P-NMR-sowie die Massenspektren charakterisiert. Umsetzung mit elementarem Brom liefert die Dibromtriarylphosphorane, die sich mit o-Aminophenolen zu den entsprechenden permutationsisomeren 2,2,2-Triaryl-1,3,2Λ5-benzoxazaphospholen umsetzen lassen.
Experimental Confirmation of a Predicted Porous Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework (2023)

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with low densities and high porosities are rare and challenging to design because most molecules have a strong energetic preference for close packing. Crystal structure prediction (CSP) can rank the crystal packings available to an organic molecule based on their relative lattice energies. This has become a powerful tool for the a priori design of porous molecular crystals. Previously, we combined CSP with structure-property predictions to generate energy-structure-function (ESF) maps for a series of triptycene-based molecules with quinoxaline groups. From these ESF maps, triptycene trisquinoxalinedione (TH5) was predicted to form a previously unknown low-energy HOF (TH5-A) with a remarkably low density of 0.374 g cm<sup>-3</sup> and three-dimensional (3D) pores. Here, we demonstrate the reliability of those ESF maps by discovering this TH5-A polymorph experimentally. This material has a high accessible surface area of 3,284 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> , as measured by nitrogen adsorption, making it one of the most porous HOFs reported to date.
Field‐ion microscopy of iron‐molybdenum solid solutions (1972)

SUMMARY The average density of bright spots in the (200) region of field‐ion microscope images is found to be related to the nominal molybdenum composition in a series of iron‐molybdenum alloys containing 1/2 to 5 weight percent molybdenum. The bright spot density is found to be proportional to the square of the tip radius and is thus linearly related to the surface area. This indicates that a correlation between the observed bright spot density and a bulk property is permissable. The bright spot density is also found to increase approximately linearly with molybdenum content, at least up to 3% molybdenum. Observation of specimens with similar amounts of molybdenum in solid solution but different nitrogen contents shows that the observed correlation is independent of the nitrogen content. Similarly, it is shown that the correlation is also independent of carbon content. Thus, it is concluded that the bright spot density is directly related to the amount of molybdenum in solid solution and can be used as a measure of the local molybdenum concentration. The nature of the bright spot contrast is discussed and is shown to be consistent with a current theory of image formation.
3D bioprinting of collagen to rebuild components of the human heart (2019)

Collagen is the primary component of the extracellular matrix in the human body. It has proved challenging to fabricate collagen scaffolds capable of replicating the structure and function of tissues and organs. We present a method to 3D-bioprint collagen using freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) to engineer components of the human heart at various scales, from capillaries to the full organ. Control of pH-driven gelation provides 20-micrometer filament resolution, a porous microstructure that enables rapid cellular infiltration and microvascularization, and mechanical strength for fabrication and perfusion of multiscale vasculature and tri-leaflet valves. We found that FRESH 3D-bioprinted hearts accurately reproduce patient-specific anatomical structure as determined by micro-computed tomography. Cardiac ventricles printed with human cardiomyocytes showed synchronized contractions, directional action potential propagation, and wall thickening up to 14% during peak systole.