gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel oxalate-based three-dimensional coordination polymer showing magnetic ordering and high proton conductivity (2017)

A novel three-dimensional (3D) coordination polymer with the formula (C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>[MnCr<sub>2</sub>(ox)<sub>6</sub>]·5H<sub>2</sub>O (2), where ox = oxalate and C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> = imidazolium cation, is reported. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that this porous coordination polymer adopts a chiral three-dimensional quartz-like architecture, with the guest imidazolium cations and water molecules being hosted in its pores. This novel multifunctional material exhibits both a ferromagnetic ordering at T<sub>C</sub> = 3.0 K, related to the host MnCr<sub>2</sub> network, and high proton conductivity [1.86 × 10<sup>-3</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup> at 295 K and 88% relative humidity (RH)] due to the presence of the acidic imidazolium cations and free water molecules. The similarity of the structure of compound 2 to that of the previously reported analogous compound (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>[MnCr<sub>2</sub>(ox)<sub>6</sub>]·4H<sub>2</sub>O, (1), also allows us to analyse, to a certain extent, the effect of the acidity of the proton donating guest molecules on proton conduction properties. 2 hosts, in one-dimensional (1D) channels, imidazolium cations, which are more acidic than the ammonium ones in 1 and, as a consequence, 2 shows higher proton conduction than 1, highlighting the effect of the pK<sub>a</sub> of the proton donating guest molecules on proton conductivity.
Photoluminescence behavior of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (1996)

The photoluminescence (PL) of amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) has been investigated as a function of optical gap and excitation energy. The PL spectra exhibit a red shift when the excitation energy falls below the optical gap. The bandwidth of the PL spectra increases with the excitation energy but depends very weakly on the gap. The results are discussed in terms of the electronic structure of a-C:H and the configuration of sp2 sites. It is proposed that PL arises by the geminate radiative recombination of the electron–hole pairs confined to the π states of the sp2 bonded clusters. The quantum efficiency is found not to decrease for excitation above the gap, indicating that the electron–hole pair remain bound, and suggesting that any mobility edges lie beyond the optical band edges. The PL efficiency is found to increase roughly exponentially with optical gap, displaying two regimes. At higher gap the efficiency depends just on the gap, while at lower gap the dependence may depend on the capture radius of nonradiative recombination centers.
Improving the performance, availability, and security ofdata access for opportunistic mobile computing (2011)

An opportunistic model of mobile computing is presently emerging in which users can fully benefit from their personal computing environment wherever they are without having to carry "heavy-weight" mobile systems with them. The transition to this model can be seen as part of the pervasive computing vision, being catalyzed by the near ubiquity of powerful smart phones, the increasing availability of local PC hardware, and recent trends in virtualization and cloud computing. The fate of the opportunistic mobile computing model will be essentially decided by the performance, availability, and security of data access relative to alternative solutions. Mobile users require safe and efficient access to their data from whatever PC or device they are currently using, wherever they may be. These requirements expose several new challenges to the performance, availability, and security of user data access under opportunistic mobile computing conditions. In this dissertation, we identify challenges to user data access within the opportunistic mobile computing model, present novel approaches to address them, and demonstrate the effectiveness of these approaches through extensive experimentation. To improve the performance of data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the concept of safe borrowing of local storage, which we prototyped as the TransPart system. To improve the availability of data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the concept of a self-cleaning portable cache, which we prototyped as the Horatio system. To improve the security of remote data access for opportunistic mobile computing, we introduce the Working Set-Based Access Control (WSBAC) scheme, which applies the concept of the working set to distributed file system access control. The main conclusion of our research is that opportunistic mobile computing can be realized in a safe and efficient manner for mobile users. Given the ad-hoc nature of opportunistic mobile computing, it is likely that the challenges identified in this dissertation will continue to exist into the foreseeable future. Fortunately, as our research shows, they can be addressed using nascent technologies and applying our concepts without violating the basic tenet of opportunistic mobile computing, namely to minimize the burden of what hardware users must carry.
Scheduling Algorithm with Multiple Feedbacks for Supporting Coordinated Multipoint Operation for LTE-Advanced Systems (2013)

In this study, we investigate the use of scheduling algorithms to support coordinated multipoint (CoMP) operation for Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced systems studied in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). CoMP, which improves cooperative transmission among network nodes (transmission points: TPs) and reduces or eliminates interTP interference, enabling performance improvements in cell edge throughputs. Although scheduling algorithms in LTE systems have been extensively investigated from the single cell operation perspective, those extension to CoMP where each user equipment (UE) has multiple channel state information (CSI) feedbacks require further consideration on proportional fairness (PF) metric calculation while maintaining PF criteria. To this end, we propose to apply a scaling factor in accordance with the number of CSI feedbacks demanded for the UE. To evaluate the benefits of this scaling factor, multicell system-level simulations that take account of channel estimation errors are performed, and the results confirmed that our improved algorithm enables fairness to be maintained.
Nanoaggregates of Asphaltenes in a Reservoir Crude Oil and Reservoir Connectivity (2008)

Recently, asphaltenes have been shown to form nanoaggregates in toluene at very low concentrations (10−4 mass fraction). Subsequently, in situ analysis of a 3000 ft vertical column of crude oil by downhole fluid analysis (DFA) indicated that the asphaltenes in a black crude oil exhibit gravitational sedimentation according to the Boltzmann distribution and that the asphaltene colloidal size is ∼2 nm. Here, we perform a follow-up study of a reservoir black oil from a different field. The black oil in a 658 ft vertical column is analyzed by DFA and advanced laboratory analytical chemical methods. An asphaltene colloidal particle size is found to be ∼2 nm according to the Archimedes buoyancy term in the Boltzmann distribution. In addition, an equation of state (EoS) approach based on literature critical constants and molecular weights for asphaltenes gives an aggregation number of ∼8. Molecular compositional similarities between different oil samples were established with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC). Likewise, results from electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy (ESI FT-ICR MS) of the samples are consistent with the oils being from the same equilibrium column of oil. The results herein support a growing body of literature indicating that asphaltenes in black oils form relatively tightly bonded nanoaggregates of a single size range. The similarity of results between asphaltenes in crude oil and asphaltenes in toluene points to a very limited role of resins in these nanoaggregates, in contrast to much speculation. The implications of this work on the determination of reservoir connectivity are discussed.
Toward data-driven modeling of dynamic vocal-tract data (2003)

Speech production modeling relies on various forms of biometric measurements for getting articulatory data. Recent advances in real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) capabilities [Narayanan et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 2258 (2003)] which make it possible to capture vocal tract images at 24-fps promise to illuminate finer details of speech production. This study presents our first effort toward automatically constructing statistical models of the vocal tract from rtMRI data. We present an automated method of extracting the regions of interest from image sequences based on Kalman snakes and optical flow [Cootes et al., IVCV July 1994]. The time resolution of this image tracking system is improved by incorporating information from parallel vocal tract movement data obtained by the electromagnetic articulography (EMA) system [Perkell et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 92]. EMA data provide kinematic information such as velocity and acceleration at several points along the vocal tract. Data from segmentation and tracking are merged with information from EMA and from acoustic analysis of speech in order to obtain a time series of feature vectors. Feature space reduction and statistical parametrization schemes such as PCA are then applied to get parametric models for the articulatory system. [Work supported by NIH Grant No. DC 03172.]
Clinical trial experience with uridine triacetate for 5-fluorouracil toxicity. (2016)

655 Background: Life-threatening or lethal 5-FU toxicity occurs due to infusion pump/reservoir errors and 5-FU dosage miscalculations. Additionally, DPD-deficient patients often experience serious or lethal toxicity. Regardless of DPD status, some patients demonstrate severe, early-onset toxicities (as early as during 5-FU infusion) such as encephalopathy or cardiotoxicity. Uridine triacetate is an orally bioavailable prodrug of uridine, a direct antagonist of 5-FU, that competitively inhibits 5-FU incorporation in normal tissues and can counter 5-FU toxicity, reducing morbidity and mortality due to toxicity. Methods: 135 patients at excess risk of 5-FU toxicity due to overdose or accidental capecitabine ingestion (n = 111); or DPD deficiency and/or who showed rapid onset of severe toxicities (n = 24) have been treated with uridine triacetate under emergency IND or expanded access protocols. Patients were to receive uridine triacetate granules (10g q6h for 20 doses) up to 96h after the termination of 5-FU therapy. Clinical endpoints included survival compared with historical controls, time to resumption of chemotherapy, and safety. Results: A total of 130/135 (96%) patients treated with uridine triacetate recovered fully (within 30 days after receiving uridine triacetate), including rapid reversal of cardiotoxicity (EKG abnormalities, chest pain, etc) and neurotoxicity (altered mental status, ataxia, etc). Of the 111 overdose patients, 24 had a pump malfunction; 49 dose error; 5 had accidental capecitabine ingestion (2 adults/3 peds); 33 unknown. No patient who received uridine triacetate within 96 h after stopping 5-FU died. Comparatively, 38 of the 47 historical controls (81%) with 5-FU overexposure died. Of the 106 overdose patients with a diagnosis of cancer, 40 (37.7%) resumed chemotherapy within 30 days (median 20.0 days post-5-FU), highly indicative of rapid recovery from toxicity. Overall compliance was 92.5% (mean 18.3/20 doses). Mild, infrequent adverse events (diarrhea/nausea/vomiting) were attributed to uridine triacetate. Conclusions: In this study, uridine triacetate was a safe and effective life-saving antidote for 5-FU overexposure, and facilitated rapid resumption of chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT01432301.
Lighting a Fire in the Tumor Microenvironment Using Oncolytic Immunotherapy (2018)

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is potentially a game-changing cancer treatment that has garnered significant interest due to its versatility and multi-modal approaches towards tumor eradication. In the field of cancer immunotherapy, the immunological phenotype of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important determinant of disease prognosis and therapeutic success. There is accumulating data that OVs are capable of dramatically altering the TME immune landscape, leading to improved antitumor activity alone or in combination with assorted immune modulators. Herein, we review how OVs disrupt the immunosuppressive TME and can be used strategically to create a "pro-immune" microenvironment that enables and promotes potent, long-lasting host antitumor immune responses.
A narrow-band ferroelectric tunable bandpass filter for K-band applications (2002)

The main objective of our research was to design, fabricate and test a narrow-band (<1% bandwidth) low-loss ferroelectric tunable bandpass filter (BPF) for integration into a gain-compensated down-converter targeted for the next generation of K-band satellite communication system. The BPF was designed using a conductor (gold or HTS)/ferroelectric/dielectric modified microstrip structure for a centre frequency of 19 GHz, a bandwidth of 150 MHz, and for a minimum frequency tunability of 10%. Several narrow band BPFs were fabricated and tested. Experimental results indicate higher losses in the BST ferroelectric based narrowband BPF compared to low temperature tunable STO based BPFs.
International cooperative study identifies treatment strategy in childhood ambiguous lineage leukemia (2018)

Despite attempts to improve the definitions of ambiguous lineage leukemia (ALAL) during the last 2 decades, general therapy recommendations are missing. Herein, we report a large cohort of children with ALAL and propose a treatment strategy. A retrospective multinational study (International Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study of Leukemias of Ambiguous Lineage [iBFM-AMBI2012]) of 233 cases of pediatric ALAL patients is presented. Survival statistics were used to compare the prognosis of subsets and types of treatment. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-type primary therapy (80% ± 4%) was superior to that of children who received acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-type or combined-type treatment (36% ± 7.2% and 50% ± 12%, respectively). When ALL- or AML-specific gene fusions were excluded, 5-year EFS of CD19<sup>+</sup> leukemia was 83% ± 5.3% on ALL-type primary treatment compared with 0% ± 0% and 28% ± 14% on AML-type and combined-type primary treatment, respectively. Superiority of ALL-type treatment was documented in single-population mixed phenotype ALAL (using World Health Organization and/or European Group for Immunophenotyping of Leukemia definitions) and bilineal ALAL. Treatment with ALL-type protocols is recommended for the majority of pediatric patients with ALAL, including cases with CD19<sup>+</sup> ALAL. AML-type treatment is preferred in a minority of ALAL cases with CD19<sup>-</sup> and no other lymphoid features. No overall benefit of transplantation was documented, and it could be introduced in some patients with a poor response to treatment. As no clear indicator was found for a change in treatment type, this is to be considered only in cases with ≥5% blasts after remission induction. The results provide a basis for a prospective trial.
Spatiotemporal protein distribution of TGF‐βs, their receptors, and extracellular matrix molecules during embryonic tendon development (2008)

Tendon is one of the least understood tissues of the musculoskeletal system in terms of development and morphogenesis. Collagen fibrillogenesis has been the most studied aspect of tendon development, focusing largely on the role of matrix molecules such as collagen type III and decorin. While involvement of matrix molecules in collagen fibrillogenesis during chick tendon development is well understood, the role of growth factors has yet to be elucidated. This work examines the expression patterns of transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta1, -beta2, and -beta3, and their receptors with respect to expression patterns of collagen type III, decorin, and fibronectin. We focus on the intermediate stages of tendon development in the chick embryo, a period during which the tendon micro- and macro-architecture are being established. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that TGF-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3 have distinct spatiotemporal developmental protein localization patterns in the developing tendon and strongly suggest that these isoforms have independent roles in tendon development.
ChemInform Abstract: LITHIUM INSERTION/EXTRACTION REACTIONS WITH MANGANESE OXIDES (1985)

Abstract Die umfassende (stark kristallographisch bezogene) Analyse betrifft u.a. bes.
Interleukin 6 (IL6) is an important upstream contributor towards the progression of SLE-like disease in BXSB.Yaa mice (BA11P.134) (2015)

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multigenic autoimmune disorder that results in the production of autoantibodies (autoAbs) and deposition of immune complexes leading to tissue inflammation and organ damage. Typical disease characteristics include glomerulonephritis, splenomegaly and monocytosis. To understand disease mechanism, we studied spontaneous autoimmune BXSB.Yaa strain in which male mice develops SLE-like features with intricacy paralleling human SLE. It was shown that an extended pseudo-autosomal region on Y chromosome carrying a duplication of Tlr7 gene is responsible for the disease. TLR7 binds with ssRNA that consequently leads to production of inflammatory cytokines. We previously reported that IL21, produced by CD4 T follicular helper cells (TFH), plays a critical role in the disease of BXSB.Yaa mice. Since TFH cells require IL6 for their differentiation and maintenance from naïve T cells and dysregulated IL6 production has pathological consequences in SLE patients, we sought to determine if IL6 plays important upstream role in disease progression. We found that increased serum levels of IL6 in BXSB.Yaa mice correlated with the production of autoAbs, Ig secretion and hyperactive B cells. Moreover, abrogating IL6 signaling not only improved survival of BXSB.Yaa mice but they also had reduced numbers of TFH and lesser B cell activation. Thus, we conclude that IL6 signaling is an important determinant in the progression of SLE-like disease in BXSB.Yaa mice.
Etude de l'influence de la pointe sur les mesures KFM sur échantillon d'AlGaAs/GaAs (2014)

La microscopie à sonde de Kelvin (KFM) est capable de fournir une mesure résolue spatialement et en énergie de la structure de bande en surface d'un matériau. Elle dépend néanmoins fortement des propriétés physiques de la pointe utilisée, propriétés pouvant être la largeur de l'apex, la forme géométrique de la surpointe (nanocristal, nanofil) ou encore la raideur du levier. L'idée de ce travail est de comparer les résultats KFM obtenus sur un échantillon de calibration BAM-L200 [1] pour différentes pointes (Pointes conductrices avec ou sans nanocristaux, avec ou sans surpointe, pointes fines) et selon différentes préparations (Abrasion, chauffage).
Lymphoma Cell Burden in Progenitor Cell Grafts Measured by Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction: Less Than One Log Difference Between Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Sources (1998)

A controversy persists in autologous transplantation as to which source of progenitor cells, bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood (PB), contains the lowest number of contaminating lymphoma cells, and how mobilization procedures affect these numbers. To accurately measure the number of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cells harboring the bcl-2/immunoglobulin H (IgH) rearrangement in progenitor cell grafts, we developed a nested quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction assay (QC-PCR). DNA from lymph nodes of four patients with NHL were cloned into the pSK(+) vectors to generate four internal controls (ICs) (two with major breakpoint region [MBR] and two with minor cluster region [mcr] rearrangements). The kinetics of amplification of ICs paralleled those of bcl-2/IgH rearranged genomic DNA. When used in a QC-PCR assay, these ICs were accurate at a 0.2-log level and provided reproducible results, as shown by low intrarun and interrun variability. An excellent correlation between predicted and observed lymphoma cell content (r = .99) was observed over a range of at least 5 logs of rearranged cells. This approach was used to measure involvement by NHL cells at the time of progenitor cell harvest in 37 autologous transplant patients. The number of bcl-2/IgH rearranged cells in BM, PB, and mobilized PB (mPB) was found to vary from 1 to 1.1 × 105 per million cells. The number of lymphoma cells present in BM was significantly higher than in PB (P = .0001), with a median difference in lymphoma cell content between BM and PB of 0.48 log of cells (range, −0.7 to 5 logs). In contrast, we found no difference in the concentration of bcl-2/IgH rearranged cells present in BM versus PB progenitor cells mobilized with cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (mPB) (P = .57). In conclusion, the QC-PCR assay described in this study could measure accurately and reproducibly the number of bcl-2/IgH rearranged cells among normal cells. Differences in levels of contamination by lymphoma cells between BM and PB were of less than one log (10-fold), and no differences in lymphoma cell concentrations were observed between BM and mobilized PB. As more cells are usually infused with mPB than with BM grafts, mPB progenitor cell grafts may actually be associated with higher levels of contamination by lymphoma cells. Furthermore, this QC-PCR assay should provide an important tool to assess the prognostic impact of lymphoma cell burden both in progenitor cell grafts and in vivo.
A tumor-specific mechanism of T reg enrichment mediated by the integrin αvβ8 (2021)

Regulatory T cells (T<sub>regs</sub>) that promote tumor immune evasion are enriched in certain tumors and correlate with poor prognosis. However, mechanisms for T<sub>reg</sub> enrichment remain incompletely understood. We described a mechanism for T<sub>reg</sub> enrichment in mouse and human tumors mediated by the αvβ8 integrin. Tumor cell αvβ8 bound to latent transforming growth factor-β (L-TGF-β) presented on the surface of T cells, resulting in TGF-β activation and immunosuppressive T<sub>reg</sub> differentiation in vitro. In vivo, tumor cell αvβ8 expression correlated with T<sub>reg</sub> enrichment, immunosuppressive T<sub>reg</sub> gene expression, and increased tumor growth, which was reduced in mice by αvβ8 inhibition or T<sub>reg</sub> depletion. Structural modeling and cell-based studies suggested a highly geometrically constrained complex forming between αvβ8-expressing tumor cells and L-TGF-β-expressing T cells, facilitating TGF-β activation, independent of release and diffusion, and providing limited access to TGF-β inhibitors. These findings suggest a highly localized tumor-specific mechanism for T<sub>reg</sub> enrichment.
Have lessons from past failures brought us closer to the success of immunotherapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer? (2015)

Pancreatic cancer is extremely resistant to chemo- and radiation-therapies due to its inherent genetic instability, the local immunosuppressive microenvironment and the remarkable desmoplastic stromal changes which characterize this cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for improvement on standard current therapeutic options. Immunotherapies aimed at harnessing endogenous antitumor immunity have shown promise in multiple tumor types. In this review, we give an overview of new immune-related therapeutic strategies currently being tested in clinical trials in pancreatic cancer. We propose that immunotherapeutic strategies in combination with current therapies may offer new hopes in this most deadly disease.