gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in light sources on silicon (2022)

Realizing efficient on-chip light sources has long been the “holy-grail” for Si-photonics research. Several important breakthroughs were made in this field in the past few years. In this article, we review the most recent advances in light sources integrated onto mainstream Si platforms and discuss four different integration technologies: Group IV light sources on Si, heterogeneous integration of III–V light sources on Si, blanket heteroepitaxy of III–V light sources on Si, and selective heteroepitaxy of III–V light sources on Si. We start with briefly introducing the basic concepts of each technology and then focus on the recent progress via presenting the most representative device demonstrations. Finally, we discuss the research challenges and opportunities associated with each technology.
New Preparation Process of V2O5 Thin Film Based on Spin-Coating from Organic Vanadium Solution (1990)

A new wet process was developed for preparing a V 2 O 5 thin film for use in an electrochromic display device. V 2 O 5 powder was dissolved into a mixed solution of benzyl alcohol and iso-butanol to obtain a vanadium solution, which was then spin-coated on an ITO glass followed by a heat treatment at temperatures above 300°C, preferably at 400°C. The resulting crystalline V 2 O 5 thin film was excellent in reversibility of the electrochromism.
Maximum power transfer and efficiency analysis of different inductive power transfer tuning topologies (2015)

Inductive power transfer (IPT) has been developed as an alternative to traditional direct electrical contact power supplying methods to drive one or more moveable and electrically isolated loads. The Maximum power transfer and maximum power efficiency of an IPT system are two important factors to be considered for various applications. Generally, four basic tuning topologies have been proposed to realize impedance match in weakly coupled IPT systems to enhance system performance. In this paper, expressions of the output power and efficiency of four tuning topologies, with equivalent series resistors (ESR) taken into account, are derived in detail. The comparison results of system performance variation including maximum output power and maximum efficiency of Series-Series and Parallel-Series topologies are shown with discussion as well.
Personalized news video recommendation (2008)

In this paper, we have developed an interactive system to enable personalized news video recommendation. First, multi-modal information channels (audio, video and closed captions) are seamlessly integrated and synchronized to achieve more reliable news topic detection, and the contextual relationships between the news topics are extracted automatically. Second, topic network and hyperbolic visualization are seamlessly integrated to achieve interactive navigation and exploration of large-scale collections of news videos at the topic level, so that users can have a good global overview of large-scale collections of news videos at the first glance. In such interactive topic network navigation and exploration process, the users' personal background knowledge can be taken into consideration for obtaining the news topics of interest interactively, building up their mental models of news needs precisely and formulating their searches easily by selecting the visible news topics on the screen directly. Our system can further recommend the relevant web news, the new search directions, and the most relevant news videos according to their importance and representativeness scores.
Ferroelectric Polymer (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Bandwidth extension for IR detectors through spatial-frequency shifting (1996)

We describe a new scheme for extending the bandwidth of IR detectors by the employment of a reticle that shifts the higher spatial-frequency content of the scene onto the lower-frequency region. Then all the spatial-frequency information can pass through the bandwidth of the detector system, so that a high-resolution image may be reconstructed from a series of pictures obtained with the reticle in a number of predetermined positions.
Warp Processors (2004)

We describe a new processing architecture, known as a warp processor, that utilizes a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to improve the speed and energy consumption of a software binary executing on a microprocessor. Unlike previous approaches that also improve software using an FPGA but do so using a special compiler, a warp processor achieves these improvements completely transparently and operates from a standard binary. A warp processor dynamically detects the binary's critical regions, reimplements those regions as a custom hardware circuit in the FPGA, and replaces the software region by a call to the new hardware implementation of that region. While not all benchmarks can be improved using warp processing, many can, and the improvements are dramatically better than those achievable by more traditional architecture improvements. The hardest part of warp processing is that of dynamically reimplementing code regions on an FPGA, requiring partitioning, decompilation, synthesis, placement, and routing tools, all having to execute with minimal computation time and data memory so as to coexist on chip with the main processor. We describe the results of developing our warp processor. We developed a custom FPGA fabric specifically designed to enable lean place and route tools, and we developed extremely fast and efficient versions of partitioning, decompilation, synthesis, technology mapping, placement, and routing. Warp processors achieve overall application speedups of 6.3X with energy savings of 66% across a set of embedded benchmark applications. We further show that our tools utilize acceptably small amounts of computation and memory which are far less than traditional tools. Our work illustrates the feasibility and potential of warp processing, and we can foresee the possibility of warp processing becoming a feature in a variety of computing domains, including desktop, server, and embedded applications.
Invloed van de kristaloriëntatie op het etsgedrag van TiN (2006)

status: Published
Effective straggler mitigation: attack of the clones (2013)

Small jobs, that are typically run for interactive data analyses in datacenters, continue to be plagued by disproportionately long-running tasks called stragglers. In the production clusters at Facebook and Microsoft Bing, even after applying state-of-the-art straggler mitigation techniques, these latency sensitive jobs have stragglers that are on average 8 times slower than the median task in that job. Such stragglers increase the average job duration by 47%. This is because current mitigation techniques all involve an element of waiting and speculation. We instead propose full cloning of small jobs, avoiding waiting and speculation altogether. Cloning of small jobs only marginally increases utilization because workloads show that while the majority of jobs are small, they only consume a small fraction of the resources. The main challenge of cloning is, however, that extra clones can cause contention for intermediate data. We use a technique, delay assignment, which efficiently avoids such contention. Evaluation of our system, Dolly, using production workloads shows that the small jobs speedup by 34 % to 46% after state-of-the-art mitigation techniques have been applied, using just 5 % extra resources for cloning. 1
Clinically potential subclasses of retinoid synergists revealed by gene expression profiling. (2003)

Retinoids have chemopreventive and therapeutic potency in oncology and dermatology, although their application is restricted by many undesirable side effects. For the development of more effective and less toxic retinoids, gene expression analyses using DNA microarrays have the potential to supplement conventional screening methods, which are based on the changes in cell morphology and/or function. In this study, we applied the class prediction algorithm, which was used in the molecular phenotyping of tumors, for the classification of synthetic retinoids (Am80 and Tp80) and retinoid synergists (HX630, TZ335, and PA024) as all-trans retinoic acid-like, 9-cis retinoic acid-like, and control-like classes. By analyzing the effects of all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid on the gene expressions in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL60, we successfully selected 50 marker genes whose expression pattern could distinguish these classes. Moreover, the classification revealed the existence of two subclasses among the retinoid synergists used with Am80. Close inspection of the DNA microarray analyses indicated that these two subclasses had different effects on the apoptosis of HL60 cells, and this was confirmed by in vivo experiments. These results indicate that the retinoidal activity of Am80, which has already been used in clinical trials, could be modulated differently by the two classes of retinoid synergists. Thus, these two subclasses of retinoid synergists have the potency to widen the usage of Am80. Our analyses demonstrated that the gene expression profiling could provide important information for developing useful retinoid synergists by compensating conventional screening methods.
Integrated photonics and application-specific design on a massive open online course platform (2019)

Silicon-based photonics is mobilizing into a manufacturing industry with specialized integrated circuit design requirements for applications in low power cloud computing, high speed wireless, smart sensing, and augmented imaging. The AIM Photonics Manufacturing USA Institute, which operates the world’s most advanced 300mm semiconductor research fab, has co-developed a Process Design Kit (PDK) in fabless circuit design for these expanding digital and analog applications; however, there currently isn’t available an in-depth curriculum to train engineers (academia, industry) in the AIM PDK process and Electronic Photonic Design Automation (EPDA) software. AIM Photonics Academy, an education initiative of AIM Photonics based at MIT, has collaborated with faculty to create three online MOOC edX courses that (1) introduce integrated photonics devices, and applications performance needs and metrics; and (2) train into the AIM PDK and specialized EPDA tools in a six week design project to lay out an application-specific photonic transceiver. The courses are structured around asynchronous video lectures and exploratory design problems that involve Python and Matlab-based first-principles calculations (systems modeling) or advanced EPDA tools (circuit design and layout). The online MOOC courses can optionally form a tandem blended learning component with two AIM Photonics Academy on-site training programs: the annual AIM Summer Academy one-week intensive program (held every July at MIT), or a photonic integrated circuit testing workshop (the first workshop is planned for fall 2019). These courses are a cornerstone effort at AIM to found and support a specialized cohort community of future integrated photonics designers.
Azide-assisted cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether sulfone)s as stable and highly conductive membranes with low methanol diffusion coefficients (2008)

Novel cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether sulfone)s, prepared by azide-assisted thermal irradiation, show not only low methanol permeability but also exceptionally high proton conductivity with oxidative and hydrolytic stability.
Electrospray organometallic chemical vapor deposition—A novel technique for preparation of II–VI quantum dot composites (1994)

A novel technique combining electrospray and organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD) has been developed for the synthesis of new II–VI quantum dot composites. CdSe nanocrystals (quantum dots) of selected size are dispersed in a pyridine/acetonitrile mixture. The nanocrystals are transferred by electrospray into the growth zone of an OMCVD reactor and codeposited on a ZnSe matrix grown from hydrogen selenide and diethyl zinc. Composites consisting of CdSe nanocrystals and an amorphous or polycrystalline ZnSe matrix have been deposited on glass substrates at temperatures of 150–250 °C. Room-temperature absorption and photoluminescence spectra show optical transitions characteristic of the initial nanocrystal dispersions. The emission wavelength may be tuned in a broad spectral region by incorporating nanocrystals of varying sizes. The composites have been characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy.
Pseudotumor of Ciliary Body (2014)

Orbital pseudotumor is a benign disease involving the orbital structures. Pseudotumor of the ciliary body is rare. We present a case of a 27-year-old male who presented with gradual visual loss, pain, and redness in his left eye. On examination he was found to have a yellowish white mass at the periphery of anterior chamber in his left eye and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) revealed a ciliary body mass in the same eye. He was treated with systemic steroids, which was tapered over a period of 8 weeks. His symptoms improved and the ciliary body mass disappeared with no recurrence over the next 6 months. UBM is an important diagnostic tool for diagnosing ciliary body mass. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with systemic steroids may help resolve pseudotumor of the ciliary body.
Optimizing frame structure with real-time computation for interactive multiview video streaming (2012)

Interactive multiview video streaming (IMVS) is an application where a network client requests from server a single video view at a time but can periodically switch to other views as the video is played back uninterrupted. Existing IMVS algorithms output pre-computed frame structures that facilitate permissible view-switching while minimizing the expected transmission rate given a storage constraint. In this paper, we use real-time computation (available at a remote powerful server or media cloud) to assist the pre-computed frame structure to satisfy users' view-switch requests. In particular, we first propose a new frame type called uni-merge frame that is computed in real-time for view-switching from one single view to one target view with low transmission rate and reasonable computation cost. Then, to enable permissible view-switches to a particular target picture, we find the optimal combination of pre-computed frames and real-time computed frames-one that minimizes streaming rate subject to both storage and real-time computation constraints-using a greedy combinatorial algorithm. Experimental results show that with real-time computation, the expected streaming rate of the IMVS system can be further decreased by 50% compared to pre-encoded frame structures without real-time computation.
RADIOLOGIC CASE STUDY (2002)

Intraosseous lipomas are uncommon lesions of bone most often diagnosed incidentally. They typically manifest a classic radiographic appearance, but CT or MRI may be useful in diagnosing lesions that are atypical or incompletely defined radiographically and avoid an unnecessary biopsy.
<title>High-throughput optoelectronic interconnect for holographic memory devices</title> (1999)

Novel optical memory systems offer ultra large storage capacity and with fast access time. The current commercial system can produce in access of 300 Mb/s aggregate data rate and near future system will yield aggregate data rates on the order of 1-10 Gb/s. However, full exploitation of this feature is possible only if memory to processor interface is fast enough to handle such a data rate. In this presentation, a unique optoelectronic interconnect architecture based on WDM and WDDM are described.
Quantification of dynamic changes in cerebral venous oxygenation with MR phase imaging at 1.9 T (1999)

A double-echo magnetic resonance (MR) phase imaging method was used to measure the time-dependent changes in regional cerebral venous blood oxygenation during neural stimulation. Our results showed that a finger opposition task induced an absolute increase of blood oxygenation level of deltaY = 0.16+/-0.05 (n = 6), which was measured in the small veins located in the left central sulcus. It was observed that there is a long temporal delay of approximately 27 sec after the onset of the task to reach the steady-state venous oxygenation. This work demonstrated that MRI is a powerful clinical tool for in vivo monitoring of the dynamic nature of organ-specific venous blood oxygenation.
Oral Treatment with SP-333, an Agonist of Guanylate Cyclase-C, Dramatically Ameliorates Morphine-induced Bowel Dysfunction in Rats: Presidential Poster (2013)

Purpose: Opioid agonists are commonly used for chronic pain management, but debilitating constipation is a frequent dose-limiting side effect. Guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) agonists are a new class of drug candidates for the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. SP-333, a proteolysis-resistant analog of uroguanylin, activates GC-C to stimulate production of cyclic GMP (cGMP), a second messenger that promotes intestinal secretion and gut motility. Nonclinical toxicology studies have shown that repeated oral doses of SP 333 are well-tolerated in mice and monkeys. SP-333 is currently under clinical development for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. In the current study, the efficacy of SP-333 was assessed in a rat model of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Methods: Female CD rats (170-210 g; n=10-12/group) received an intraperitoneal dose of vehicle (water) or 2.5 mg/kg morphine followed by an oral dose of 0 (vehicle), 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg of SP-333. A charcoal meal was administered 10 min later, rats were euthanized after an additional 10 min, and GI transit was measured (distance traveled by leading edge of charcoal divided by total length of small intestine). Results: A single dose of morphine significantly reduced GI transit in rats (23.4% in morphine-treated vs 53.3% in vehicle-treated; p≤0.001). SP-333 produced a dose-dependent improvement in gut transit in morphine-treated rats, restoring transit to near normal levels following doses of 5 mg/kg (45.8%) or 50 mg/kg (48.4%) (p≤0.001 for both groups). Conclusion: Treatment with SP-333 accelerated gut transit in morphine-administered rats in a dosedependent manner, possibly via the known cGMP-mediated mode of action. In combination with previously completed toxicology studies, these data support the potential utility of SP 333 and other GC-C agonists as safe oral drug candidates for the treatment of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Disclosure - Mr. Kramer, Dr. Palejwala, Dr. Foss and Dr. Shailubhai are employees of Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Figure
A Study on Partial Correlation based PSS Detection Schemes for Initial Cell Search in LTE Systems (2014)

LTE 시스템의 하향링크 동기 신호는 PSS (primary synchronization signal)과 SSS (secondary synchronization signal)로 나눠져 있으며, 미리 정해져 있는 3 개의 신호 중 하나가 전송되는 PSS 신호를 먼저 찾은 다음 SSS 신호를 검출하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 부분 상관값 계산 구간의 길이가 다른 검출기들을 동시에 사용하는 PSS 검출 방식을 제안한다. 우선 구간별부분 상관값을 다시 활용함으로써 여러 개의 검출기를 동시에 사용함에 따른 계산량의 증가를 최소화한다. 또한, 동시에 사용된 검출기들의 결과 값 중에서 가장 믿을 만한 하나의 값을 선택하기 위하여 임시 주파수 오차 값(tentative frequency offset)을 이용한 동기식 최종 추정치 선택 방법을 제안한다. 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통하여, 제안된 방식이 넓은 주파수 오차 범위에서 안정적인 PSS 검출 성능을 보임을 검증하고자 한다.
Corrigendum: Highly Enantioselective Co‐Catalytic Direct Aldol Reactions by Combination of Hydrogen‐Bond Donating and Acyclic Amino Acid Catalysts (2012)

For the communication by Guangning Ma, Agnieszka Bartoszewicz, Ismail Ibrahem and Armando Córdova, in Issue 17, 2011, pp 3114–3122 (DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100408), there was an error in the reference numbers in the text. On page 3114 in the left column, line 11, the references [4–6] should be [4–7]. On line 17, reference [8] should be [9]. On line 14, references [6, 7] should be [7, 8]. On page 3114 in the right column, line 1, the references [5, 8] should be [7, 9]. Thereafter, all references in the text should be increased by one. In addition, on page 3115 in the left column, lines 9 and 31, reference 14e should be 15 f. Finally in reference 16 in page 3121 in the Reference Section, the references [9d, 9g] should be [10d, 10g]. The authors apologize for these errors.
Robust i-vector extraction tightly coupled with voice activity detection using deep neural networks (2017)

This paper describes an extended framework of i-vector feature extraction for improving speaker recognition under noisy conditions. In such speaker recognition applications, voice activity detection (VAD) has been a pre-processing step independent from the succeeding i-vector extraction, just for excluding noisy sounds other than voice of a target speaker. In the proposed framework, i-vector extraction is tightly coupled with VAD. It first estimates voice quality in an utterance as frame- wise voice posteriors using deep neural network-based sound classification, and then it extracts an i-vector of the utterance on the basis of the voice posteriors. The proposed method is able to produce a reliable speaker feature under noisy conditions with help of LSTM-based soft decision VAD. Speaker verification experiments on NIST 2016 SRE evaluation set demonstrate a 14.7% reduction in equal error rates.
Room temperature properties of III–V arsenides (2006)

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On the Scaling Law of Phase Drift in Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators for Precision Timing (2020)

Computational and experimental works reveal that the coupling of similar crystal oscillators leads to a variety of collective patterns, mainly various forms of discrete rotating waves and synchronization patterns, which have the potential for developing precision timing devices through phase drift reduction. Among all observed patterns, the standard traveling wave, in which consecutive crystals oscillate out of phase by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the network size, leads to optimal phase drift error that scales down as [Formula: see text] as opposed to [Formula: see text] for an uncoupled ensemble. In this manuscript, we provide an analytical proof of the scaling laws, for uncoupled and coupled symmetric networks, and show that [Formula: see text] is the fundamental limit of phase-error reduction that one can obtain with a symmetric network of nonlinear oscillators of any type, not just crystals.
Electrochemical synthesis and optical analysis of poly[(2,2′‐dithienyl)‐5,5′‐diylvinylene] (1988)

Abstract The electrochemical synthesis of poly[(2,2′‐dithienyl)‐5,5′‐diylvinylene tetrafluoroborate] (PDTE/BF 4 ) has been accomplished and provides coppery‐black free‐standing films with a room‐temperature four‐probe conductivity as high as 15 (Ω cm) −1 . The conductivity and morphology of the films were found to be strongly dependent on synthetic conditions. The oxidized form of PDTE is not air stable, as evidenced by a rapid, three order of magnitude drop in the conductivity. Optoelectrochemical experiments demonstrate that bipolarons are the main charge‐carrying species in conductive PDTE and allow their evolution to be followed as a function of oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Swinholide A, Preswinholide A, and Hemiswinholide A. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.