gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of carrier removal from QD TJSCs (2013)

Quantum dot triple junction solar cells (QD TJSCs) have potential for higher efficiency for space and terrestrial applications. Extended absorption in the QD layers can increase efficiency by increasing the short circuit current density of the device, as long as carrier extraction remains efficient and quality of the bulk material remains high. Experimental studies have been conducted to quantify the carrier extraction probability from quantum confined levels and bulk material. One studies present insight to the carrier extraction mechanisms from the quantum confined states through the use of temperature dependent measurements. A second study analyses the loss in carrier collection probability in the bulk material by investigating the change in minority carrier lifetimes and surface recombination velocity throughout the device. Recent studies for space applications have shown response from quantum structures to have increased radiation tolerance. The role strain and bonding strength within the quantum structures play in improving the radiation tolerance is investigated. The combination of sufficiently good bulk material and device enhancement from the quantum confinement leads to temperature dependent measurements that show TJSCs outperform baseline TJSCs near and above 60&deg;C. Insight into the physical mechanisms behind this phenomenon is presented.
Fast Graphlet Transform of Sparse Graphs (2020)

We introduce the computational problem of graphlet transform of a sparse large graph. Graphlets are fundamental topology elements of all graphs/networks. They can be used as coding elements to encode graph-topological information at multiple granularity levels for classifying vertices on the same graph/network as well as for making differentiation or connection across different networks. Network/graph analysis using graphlets has growing applications. We recognize the universality and increased encoding capacity in using multiple graphlets, we address the arising computational complexity issues, and we present a fast method for exact graphlet transform. The fast graphlet transform establishes a few remarkable records at once in high computational efficiency, low memory consumption, and ready translation to high-performance program and implementation. It is intended to enable and advance network/graph analysis with graphlets, and to introduce the relatively new analysis apparatus to graph theory, high-performance graph computation, and broader applications.
Purification of human leukotriene C4 synthase from dimethylsulfoxide‐differentiated U937 cells (1992)

Human leukotriene C4 (LTC4) synthase was purified > 10000-fold from dimethylsulfoxide-differentiated U937 cells. Steps included: (a) solubilization of membrane-bound LTC4 synthase from microsomal membranes by the anionic detergent taurocholate; (b) successive anion-exchange chromatography steps in the presence of taurocholate plus Triton X-100 (primary anion exchange) then taurocholate plus n-octyl glucoside (secondary anion exchange); and (c) LTC2-affinity chromatography on a matrix that was constructed by first biotinylating synthetic LTC2 then immobilizing the biotinylated LTC2 on streptavidin agarose. The purification of human LTC4 synthase was enabled by the finding that LTC4 synthase activity in preparations enriched > 500-fold was absolutely dependent on the presence in LTC4 synthase incubation mixtures of divalent cations (specifically Mg2+) and phospholipids (specifically phosphatidylcholine), and that reduced glutathione, which was required at 2-4 mM for stabilization of LTC4 synthase, irreversibly inactivated the enzyme when present at > or = 5 mM during freeze/thaw cycles. The > 10000-fold purified LTC4 synthase preparation was comprised of three polypeptides having molecular masses of 37.1, 24.5 and 18.0 kDa. An 18-kDa polypeptide in both microsomal membranes and in the LTC2-affinity purified fraction was specifically labelled by a radioiodinated LTC4 photoaffinity probe (azido 125I-LTC4). The Km values in the LTC2-affinity purified preparation for reduced glutathione and LTA4 were 1.83 mM and 19.6 microM (respectively), closely resembling the Km values in isolated human blood monocytes. The Vmax of LTC2-affinity purified LTC4 synthase was 2-4 mumol LTC4 formed .min-1 x mg-1.
Pb2+—N Bonding Chemistry: Recycling of Polyaniline–Pb Nanocrystals Waste for Generating High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes (2015)

Understanding of Pb—N bonding chemistry is not only fundamentally important in the view of relativistic inert-pair effect but also is important for therapeutic as well as environmental applications. In the present study, an unusual reactivity of N-containing π-conjugated polyaniline emeraldine base (EB) toward aqueous Pb2+ ions has been identified. In the course of sequestering Pb2+ ions by EB, cuboid-shaped nanocrystals were isolated. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were employed to understand Pb–N bonding chemistry in EB-Pb nanocrystals. The adopted methodology of slow exposure of HCl vapor to EB-Pb nanomaterial facilitated the isolation of polyaniline emeraldine-salt (ES) with unique morphological patterns, porosity and electrical conductivity. The electrochemical device based on recycled ES showed high-capacitance value (∼606 F/g @1 A/g and ∼663 F/g @10 mV/s), high-energy density (∼14.8 Wh/kg at power density of ∼663 W/kg) and excellent-cycling stability (only ∼15% degradation after 1100 continued cycles at current density of 5 A/g). Notably, ES materials prepared directly from EB and upon exposing HNO3 vapor exhibited greatly inferior device performance.
Crashworthy Work-Zone Traffic Control Devices (2006)

This report presents the findings of a research project to develop nonproprietary, crashworthy work-zone traffic control devices that are constructed of readily available material. The report will be of particular interest to design, construction, and maintenance personnel with responsibility for work-zone safety.
Leukotoxin Selectively Kills NK and Effector Memory T Cells. (2014)

Purpose: Effector memory T cells (TEM) and NK cells, identified as important mediators of costimulation blockade-resistant rejection (CoBRR) in solid organ transplantation and in the early immune response to bone marrow transplantation (BMT), are known to have high surface expression of LFA-1. Leukotoxin (Leukothera®, LtxA) is a product of the bacterium A. actinomycetemcomitans capable of killing leukocytes via a LFA-1 specific mechanism. We sought to study the effect of this compound on TEM and NK cells and the potential novel use of LtxA in transplantation. Methods: Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from rhesus macaques. To examine the effect of LtxA by cell phenotype, PBMCs were incubated for 90 minutes with LtxA over a 4-log range of concentrations. Cells were stained for viability and apoptotic markers, and defined for memory T cell and NK cell phenotypes by flow cytometry. To examine the effect of cell activation on LtxA-mediated cell death, PBMCs were studied with or without exposure to PMA/I. Finally, to examine the effect of LtxA in vivo, 2 rhesus macaques received a single dose of LtxA IV. Blood was drawn at multiple time points post-infusion and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: LtxA induced cell death in PBMCs in a dose-dependent fashion. TEM were particularly susceptible to LtxA-based killing with cell viability of 22±3% (Mean±SEM, n=8 pooled from 3 experiments) at [LtxA]=10μg/mL. Central memory (TCM) and naïve (TN) T cells had viability of 75±3% (p < 0.0001) and 83±2% (p<0.0001), respectively. NK cells were readily killed (16±11% viable). Co-incubation with PMA/I increased the susceptibility of all cell types to LtxA. In vivo, LtxA induced a transient lymphopenia (Mean lymphocyte count 841 cell/μL at 5 hours). Circulating CD3+ cells were decreased with relative reduction in TEM versus TCM and TN. NK cells were rapidly depleted. These effects lasted less than 24 hours. Conclusion:In vitro, LtxA potently kills TEM and NK cells in a dose-dependent manner, exhibiting greater potency against activated cells. In vivo, LtxA is capable of transient depletion of NK cells and TEM from the circulation. These data demonstrate the potential of this bacterial protein to selectively target TEM and NK cells, warranting further investigation of LtxA for the prevention/treatment of CoBRR in solid organ transplantation and for use in BMT. DISCLOSURES:Kachlany, S.: Stockholder, Actinobac Biomed, Inc.
SARS-CoV-2 Natural Transmission from Human to Cat, Belgium, March 2020 (2020)

In March 2020, a severe respiratory syndrome developed in a cat, 1 week after its owner received positive test results for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Viral RNA was detected in the cat's nasopharyngeal swab samples and vomitus or feces; immunoglobulin against the virus was found in convalescent-phase serum. Human-to-cat transmission is suspected.
Curve Prevalence of a New Classification of Operative Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2002)

A new comprehensive classification system for operative adolescent idiopathic scoliosis found all 606 consecutive cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis classifiable, with the Type 1, main thoracic curve pattern, the most common curve type found (51%). This new classification system appears to correlate with treatment of surgically structural regions of the spine fused in 90% of cases by the objective radiographic criteria used.
A sub-1V 3.9&#x00B5;W bandgap reference with a 3&#x03C3; inaccuracy of &#x00B1;0.34% from &#x2212;50&#x00B0;C to +150&#x00B0;C using piecewise-linear-current curvature compensation (2012)

A sub-1V 3.9μW bandgap reference (BGR) with small voltage variation of ±0.34% and low temperature drift (1mV) over a wide temperature range (-50°C ~ +150°C) and a wide voltage range (+0.9 V ~ +5.5V) by using a low power current mode BGR core and a piecewise-linear curvature compensation system. The BGR occupies 0.1mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 0.13μm CMOS technology with triple well structure.
Inferring asymmetric relations between interacting neuronal oscillators (2003)

We apply a quantitative method for the identification of asymmetric relations between weakly interacting self-sustained oscillators to the study of rhythmic neural electrical activity. We begin by testing the method on biophysically. motivated neural oscillator models considering first two diffusively coupled Hindmarsh-Rose oscillators, and then two ensembles of globally coupled neurons interacting through their. mean fields. Next, we consider the more complex case of interactions among several oscillatory units. The method is further applied to the analysis of the control of externally vs internally paced movements in humans. A pilot study in one healthy subject reveals that asymmetry of interactions between different brain areas may strongly change with the transition from external to internal pacing, while the degree of synchronization hardly changes. Furthermore, our preliminary results highlight the important role of the secondary auditory cortex in internal rhythm generation.
Triple anterior screw fixation of an acute combination atlas—axis fracture (1997)

The authors report the successful treatment of an acute combination atlas-axis fracture in an 85-year-old man using anterior odontoid and C1-2 transarticular facet screw fixation and a Philadelphia collar. Treatment with halo brace immobilization failed, and the patient experienced recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation when placed partially prone for chest physiotherapy. If a posterior approach is not feasible, an anterior odontoid and C1-2 transarticular facet screw fixation can be considered as a salvage procedure for patients with acute combination atlas-axis fractures.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISTIC STUDY OF PHOTOINDUCED β‐HYDRIDE ELIMINATION. THE FACILE PHOTOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF LOW‐VALENT THORIUM AND URANIUM ORGANOMETALLICS (1982)

Abstract Die Photolyse der Th(IV)‐ und U(IV)‐Alkyl‐Verbindungen (I), (V) und (VIII), Produkte aus entsprechenden Chlorid‐Analogen und Alkyl‐Li‐Verbindungen, ergibt die alkylfreien Th(III)‐ und U(III)‐Derivate (II) bzw. (IX), die Alkane (III) bzw. (VI) und (VII) und die Alkene (IV).
Pulsed cavitational ultrasound for non-invasive chordal cutting guided by real-time 3D echocardiography (2016)

Histotripsy guided by 3D echo achieved successfully to cut MV chordae in vitro and in vivo in beating heart. We hope that this technique will open the door in the near future to the non-invasive treatment of functional IMR.
Motor re-rating for traction applications - field weakening revisited (2003)

The conventional wisdom in traction applications is to use machines in their field-weakening regime. Here, an alternative approach is given in which field weakening is avoided in an AC drive traction system. Instead, the motor's performance is extended through a reduced voltage re-rate procedure. This yields an extended full-flux regime that permits a given motor to achieve full rated torque and much higher power as its speed range is extended. specific examples for electric vehicle drives are provided.
Supplementary Tables 1-4 from Promoter Methylation of Genes in and around the Candidate Lung Cancer Susceptibility Locus <i>6q23-25</i> (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-4 from Promoter Methylation of Genes in and around the Candidate Lung Cancer Susceptibility Locus &lt;i&gt;6q23-25&lt;/i&gt;
Importance of steric requirements relative to electronic contributions in bicycloalkyl-substituted titanocene dichlorides (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImportance of steric requirements relative to electronic contributions in bicycloalkyl-substituted titanocene dichloridesBruce E. Bursten, Matthew R. Callstrom, Cynthia A. Jolly, Leo A. Paquette, Mark R. Sivik, Roy S. Tucker, and Charles A. WartchowCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 1, 127–133Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00013a022https://doi.org/10.1021/om00013a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Z7200 versus Symbicort® Turbohaler®: A pharmacodynamic evaluation of the acute effects using functional respiratory imaging (FRI) (2016)

<b>INTRODUCTION</b> The E<sub>dry</sub>® spray dried particle engineering technique can be used to generate inhaled drugs using existing compounds and inhalers, yet with optimal size and de-agglomeration characteristics. For Z7200 (budesonide (BUD)/formoterol fumarate (FF) 80/2.25µg) it was demonstrated via in-vitro and in-silico testing that the E<sub>dry</sub> technology allows for comparable lung deposition with half the delivered dose compared to the reference product (Symbicort® Turbohaler®: 160/4.5µg). The aim of this work was to investigate if the pharmacodynamic effects of Z7200 are also comparable to the ones of its reference product. <b>METHODS</b> A double blind, double dummy, randomized, two way cross over study was performed to compare the acute effects of Z7200 and Symbicort in 20 asthma patients. Drug effects were analyzed by FRI changes in airway volumes and resistances, lung function and patient feeling. <b>RESULTS</b> Both products showed improved lung function for all measured variables; see figure1 for the FRI airway volume and FEV1. Patient feeling did not improve with either product. Also, no statistically significant differences in treatment effect were found between the test and reference product. <b>CONCLUSIONS</b> This work shows that there was no difference in efficacy parameters between Z7200 and Symbicort®, notably considering the delivered dose of the test product was half of the that of the reference product.
Abstract 5079: A genomic copy number biomarker to identify oral cancer patients at low risk for metastasis (2012)

Abstract The biologic behavior of oral dysplasia (precancers) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unpredictable, the main problems in management being identification of patients at risk for metastasis or risk of progression of dysplasias to cancer. Neck metastasis, the most significant clinical factor causing death in oral SCC, reduces survival by 50%. We utilized array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to clarify the role of genomic aberrations in oral cancer progression and metastasis. Two oral SCC cohorts: cohort#1, n=89 (Snijders et al, 2005)) and cohort#2, n=63 (with associated pathologic nodal status and 5 year clinical follow up) were profiled using BAC CGH arrays. Two dysplasia cohorts, one with no association to cancer (cohort D1, n=29) and one associated with previous or subsequent cancer (cohort D2, n=10) were also profiled for recurrent copy number aberrations using array CGH. Associations with clinical characteristics were studied and results confirmed in an independent SCC cohort (cohort#3, n=14, Smeets et al., 2009). All samples used in this study were restricted to oral cavity sites only and were archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. Copy number alterations distinguished two oral dysplasia and cancer subtypes. The presence of one or more of the chromosomal aberrations +3q24-qter, -8pter-p23.1, +8q12-q24.2, and +20 distinguished a major subgroup (70%-80% of lesions, termed 3q8pq20 subtype) from the remainder (20%-30% of lesions, non-3q8pq20). Most notably, 3q8pq20 and non-3q8pq20 subtypes differed significantly in clinical outcome with risk for cervical (neck) lymph node metastasis almost exclusively associated with the 3q8pq20 subtype in two independent oral SCC cohorts (cohort#2 and cohort#3). As metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes is a major determinant of survival in oral SCC patients, our findings indicate that chromosomal aberrations +3p, -8p, +8q and +20 provide a potential biomarker to identify patients at no or low risk of metastasis. The negative predictive value (NPV) i.e. the ability to predict N0 cases at biopsy was 93% for cohort#2 and 100% in cohort#3. Currently, almost all patients diagnosed with oral SCC are treated with comprehensive neck dissection at the time of tumor resection, as salvage of patients who subsequently develop neck metastasis is poor. We propose that the +3q, -8p, +8q and +20 signature is suitable for stratifying patients for risk of metastasis prior to surgery, and so can guide surgical treatment for one of the most challenging treatment decisions - how to treat patients with clinically node-negative (N0) necks. Identification of patients with low risk for metastasis would spare them additional major surgery with its risks and morbidity, as well as reduce medical costs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5079. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5079
Electromigration of Cu-Sn-Cu micropads in 3D interconnect (2008)

There is significant interest in 3D interconnect technology due to its capability to provide fast, efficient inter-die interconnects at a minimum package footprint. Intermetallic Cu-Sn bonding has been widely investigated for 3D interconnects. However, the electromigration (EM) intrinsic reliability of the 3D Cu-Sn die-to-die microconnects has not been reported. In this paper the EM performance of 3D Cu-Sn microconnects formed by thermo-compression bonding is investigated and the failure mechanisms are discussed. The 3D stacked dice were assembled in wire bond ceramic packages and EM tests were conducted in both air and nitrogen ambient at various temperatures. Microconnect chain and Kelvin structure's failure lifetime and the mean time to failure (MTTF) were measured. The failure analysis has been conducted and the possible failure mechanism has been proposed.
A mathematical framework for multiscale science and engineering : the variational multiscale method and interscale transfer operators. (2007)

This report is a collection of documents written as part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project A Mathematical Framework for Multiscale Science and Engineering: The Variational Multiscale Method and Interscale Transfer Operators. We present developments in two categories of multiscale mathematics and analysis. The first, continuum-to-continuum (CtC) multiscale, includes problems that allow application of the same continuum model at all scales with the primary barrier to simulation being computing resources. The second, atomistic-to-continuum (AtC) multiscale, represents applications where detailed physics at the atomistic or molecular level must be simulated to resolve the small scales, but the effect on and coupling to the continuum level is frequently unclear.
Using Autoimmunity To Inform Tumor Immunity (2015)

My interest in immunology began while I was a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) working on DNA replication in bacteria ([1][1]). At the time there were few immunologists and no immunology graduate students at MIT. Norman Klinman came from the University of
Phytoremediation of Chlorpyrifos byPopulusandSalix (2011)

Chlorpyrifos is one of the commonly used organophosphorus insecticides that are implicated in serious environmental and human health problems. To evaluate plant potential for uptake of chlorpyrifos, several plant species of poplar (Populus sp.) and willow (Salix sp.) were investigated. Chlorpyrifos was taken up from nutrient solution by all seven plant species. Significant amounts of chlorpyrifos accumulated in plant tissues, and roots accumulated higher concentrations of chlorpyrifos than did shoots. Chlorpyrifos did not persist in the plant tissues, suggesting further metabolism of chlorpyrifos in plant tissue. To our knowledge, this work represents the first report for phytoremediation of chlorpyrifos using poplar and willow plants.