gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Engine for Compliance Checking of Clinical Guidelines (2012)

Although, clinical guidelines are regarded as best practices for clinicians, clinician activities are not always compliant with guideline recommendations. This paper aims to improve clinician compliance with guidelines. We have developed an engine to automatically report three non-compliance situations: 1) guideline recommendations exist, and the clinician performed some activities, but not according to the guidelines; 2) guideline recommendations exist, but the clinician did nothing; 3) guideline recommendations do not exist, but the clinician performed some activities. In particular, we highlight effective time for compliance checking, as well as membership, numeric relationships, concept subsumption and contextualization. We deployed our engine to a clinical setting involving the daily care routine of diabetes patients, and generated non-compliance reports for pilot users.
Increased Cytokine Production in Interleukin-18 Receptor α-deficient Cells Is Associated with Dysregulation of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (2009)

Since interleukin (IL)-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine, mice lacking IL-18 or its ligand-binding receptor (IL-18R) should exhibit decreased cytokine and chemokine production. Indeed, production of IL-1alpha, IL-6, and MIP-1alpha was reduced in IL-18 knock-out (ko) mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-like cells. Unexpectedly, we observed a paradoxical 10-fold increase in IL-1beta-induced IL-6 production in MEF cells from mice deficient in the IL-18R alpha-chain (IL-18Ralpha) compared with wild type MEF. Similar increases were observed for IL-1alpha, MIP-1alpha, and prostaglandin E2. Likewise, coincubation with a specific IL-18Ralpha-blocking antibody augmented IL-1beta-induced cytokines in wild type and IL-18 ko MEF. Stable lines of IL-18Ralpha-depleted human A549 cells were generated using shRNA, resulting in an increase of IL-1beta-induced IL-1alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 compared to scrambled small hairpin RNA. In addition, we silenced IL-18Ralpha with small interfering RNA in primary human blood cells and observed up to 4-fold increases in the secretion of lipopolysaccharide- and IL-12/IL-18-induced IL-1beta, IL-6, interferon-gamma, and CD40L. Mechanistically, despite increases in Stat1 and IL-6, induction of SOCS1 and -3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3) was markedly reduced in the absence of IL-18Ralpha. Consistent with these observations, activation of the p38alpha/beta and ERK1/2 MAPKs and of protein kinase B/Akt increased in IL-18Ralpha ko MEF, whereas the negative feedback kinase MSK2 was more active in IL-18 ko cells. These data reveal a role for SOCS1 and -3 in the seemingly paradoxical hyperresponsive state in cells deficient in IL-18Ralpha, supporting the concept that IL-18Ralpha participates in both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and that an endogenous ligand engages IL-18Ralpha to deliver an inhibitory signal.
AB002. SOH21AS038. Optimal timing of surgery following breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)

Background: The indications for neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment have expanded rapidly in recent decades. Administration of chemotherapy before surgery has the potential to reduce the risk of distant recurrence by targeting circulating micrometastases as well as allowing a more minimalistic approach to surgical intervention. This study aimed to determine the optimum timing of surgery post breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
First molecular identification of Vorticella sp. from freshwater shrimps in Tainan, Taiwan (2018)

Freshwater shrimps are the most common crustaceans kept in an aquarium. This study was a survey seeking parasites infecting cultured freshwater atyid shrimps at aquarium stores in Tainan, Taiwan. We observed that atyid shrimps were infested with <i>Vorticella</i> and <i>Scutariella</i>. <i>Scutariella</i> is a common shrimp parasite; thus, we focused on <i>Vorticella</i> infection in the atyid shrimps. <i>Vorticella aequilata</i>-like pop TW, a freshwater peritrich ciliate, was isolated from the atyid shrimps. The morphological characteristics were investigated using live observations. Specimens from the population showed identical arrangement of the infraciliature and identical ITS1-5.8SITS2 region sequences. The zooids are bell-shaped, 40-58 μm wide and 47-70 μm in long <i>in vivo</i>. The food vacuole is variable in shape and is located in the middle of the cell. ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences of <i>Vorticella aequilata</i>-like pop TW did not match any available sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetically, <i>Vorticella aequilata</i>-like pop TW clusters with the other <i>Vorticella</i> within the family Vorticellidae and nests with <i>Vorticella aequilata</i> in the subclade. Above all, the morphological characteristics and molecular analyses show that the investigated <i>Vorticella</i> is a <i>Vorticella aequilata</i>-like species. The phylogenetic analyses of ciliates based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences reveal that the <i>Vorticella</i> genus consists of <i>Vorticella</i> morphospecies and that taxonomic revision of the genus is needed. Morphometric criteria and molecular analysis were used to describe and identify the <i>Vorticella</i> specie and this study presents the first molecular identification analysis of the <i>Vorticella</i> species in the cultured atyid shrimps in Tainan, Taiwan.
MTL-CEBPA, a Small Activating RNA Therapeutic Upregulating C/EBP-α, in Patients with Advanced Liver Cancer: A First-in-Human, Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase I Trial (2020)

MTL-CEBPA is the first saRNA in clinical trials and demonstrates an acceptable safety profile and potential synergistic efficacy with TKIs in HCC. These encouraging phase I data validate targeting of C/EBP-α and have prompted MTL-CEBPA + sorafenib combination studies in HCC.
Autonomic Cloud Computing: Giving Intelligence to Simpleton Nodes (2011)

Autonomic Clouds emerge as a result of applying four self-management properties of Autonomic Computing (self configuration, self-healing, self-optimization, and self-protection) in Cloud environment. In this way, Autonomic Cloud Computing is seen as a Cloud with autonomy to take important decisions about resource management, such as the resource allocation for incoming requests, and the optimization decisions of resource utilization. The main goal of this paper is to make a brief discuss about issues of creating self-adaptive systems for Autonomic Clouds, focusing on infrastructure management level.
Orientation of Cutinase Adsorbed onto PMMA Nanoparticles Probed by Tryptophan Fluorescence (2008)

The fluorescence of the single tryptophan (Trp69) of cutinase from Fusarium solani pisi, free in aqueous solution and adsorbed onto the surface of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latex particles, was studied at pHs of 4.5 and 8.0. The monodisperse PMMA particles (d=106.0+/-0.1 nm) were coated with a quite compact monolayer of cutinase at both pH values. The Trp decay curve of the folded free cutinase in solution can only be fitted with a sum of four exponentials with lifetimes of 0.05, 0.3-0.4, 2-3, and 6-7 ns, irrespective of pH. The 50 ps lifetime is attributed to the population of Trp residues hydrogen bonded with the Ala32 and strongly quenched by a close disulfide bridge, while the other lifetimes are due to the non-hydrogen-bonded Trp rotamers. The 50 ps Trp lifetime component disappears by temperature melting and upon protein adsorption, owing to the disruption of the Trp-Ala hydrogen bond and the release of the Trp residue from the vicinity of the disulfide bridge. This shows that cutinase adsorption occurs by the region of the protein where the Trp is located, which agrees with the retention of cutinase enzymatic activity by adsorption at basic pH.
Pulmonary fibrosis in patients with COVID-19: A review (2022)

The viral infectious disease pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected over 500 million people and killed over 6 million. This is the official data provided by the WHO as of the end of May 2022. Among people who have recovered from COVID-19, post-COVID syndrome is quite common. Scattered epidemiological studies on post-COVID syndrome, however, indicate its high relevance. One of the manifestations of post-COVID syndrome is the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). This article is devoted to the analysis of literature data on epidemiology, immunomorphology, as well as X-ray morphological and functional characteristics of PF in patients with post-COVID syndrome. Attention is drawn to the various phenotypes of the post-COVID syndrome and the incidence of PF, which, as clinical practice shows, is most common in people who have had severe COVID-19. This article discusses in detail the molecular biological and immunological mechanisms of PF development. The fibrotic process of the lung parenchyma is not an early manifestation of the disease; as a rule, radiomorphological signs of this pathological process develop after four weeks from the onset of acute manifestations of a viral infection. The characteristic signs of PF include those that indicate the process of remodulation of the lung tissue: volumetric decrease in the lungs, "cellular" degeneration of the lung parenchyma, bronchiectasis and traction bronchiolectasis. The process of remodulating the lung tissue, in the process of fibrosis, is accompanied by a violation of the lung function; a particularly sensitive test of functional disorders is a decrease in the diffusion capacity of the lung tissue. Therefore, in the process of monitoring patients with post-COVID syndrome, a dynamic study of the ventilation function of the lungs is recommended. The main clinical manifestation of PF is dyspnea that occurs with minimal exertion. Shortness of breath also reflects another important aspect of fibrous remodulation of the lung parenchyma - oxygen dissociation is disturbed, which reflects a violation of the gas exchange function of the lungs. There are no generally accepted treatments for PF in post-COVID syndrome. The literature considers such approaches as the possibility of prescribing antifibrotic therapy, hyaluronidase, and medical gases: thermal helium, nitric oxide, and atomic hydrogen. The article draws attention to the unresolved issues of post-covid PF in people who have had COVID-19.
Improving the Starting Performance of Large Salient-Pole Synchronous Machines (2004)

We have carried out an engineering study with the aim of enhancing the reliability of the starting system of the salient-pole synchronous machines in a pumping-generating plant. We focused on accurate prediction of the damper bar currents, electromagnetic torque, acceleration time, and bar temperatures during the starting process. We used the time-stepping finite-element analysis (FEA) for a multiple-pole model including coupled field-circuit formulation and rotor motion. We also developed an analytical model, incorporating the equivalent circuit parameters, to simulate the starting performance of the generator/motor units. The predicted results from both the FEA model and the analytical model agree well with experimental investigations. As a result, we were able to propose a way to improve the motor's reliability and allow many additional starts.
Protocols to efficiently support nested NEMO (NEMO+) (2008)

The NEMO Basic Support (NEMO BS) protocol provides a technique for enabling entire networks of IPv6 hosts to gain Internet access and remain reachable via constant, unaltered addresses whilst their underlying location in the Internet changes. In addition to individual hosts, this NEMO model also supports entire mobile networks connecting to other mobile networks, resulting in topologies known as Nested NEMO networks. In this paper we explain the inefficiencies that arise if NEMO BS is used to support this type of scenario and introduce our NEMO+ suite of protocols which are designed to optimise performance in Nested NEMO networks. We detail the Tree Discovery (TD), Network In Node Advertisement (NINA) and Reverse Routing Header (RRH) protocols that make up the NEMO+ suite and provide experimental evaluation results from a testbed comprising of our two distinct protocol implementation platforms (Linux and Cisco IOS). In addition we present simulation results based on scenarios of mass deployment of NEMO+ enabled mobile networks in order to determine the feasibility of our approach to efficiently support Nested NEMO networks.
Compact Model of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for SPICE Simulation Based on Switching Probability (2020)

We propose a compact magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) model for circuit simulation by de-facto standard SPICE in this paper. It is implemented by Verilog-A language which makes it easy to simulate MTJs with other standard devices. Based on the switching probability, we smoothly connect the adiabatic precessional model and the thermal activation model by using an interpolation technique based on the cubic spline method. We can predict the switching time after a current is applied. Meanwhile, we use appropriate physical models to describe other MTJ characteristics. Simulation results validate that the model is consistent with experimental data and effective for MTJ/CMOS hybrid circuit simulation.
Switching Constrained Max-Weight Scheduling for Wireless Networks (2019)

We consider the wireless scheduling problem of jointly activating/de-activating base-stations and (opportunistically) scheduling from among the active base stations. Such systems are of increasing relevance in emerging wireless networks with dense overlapping coverage, where it suffices for only a (time-varying) subset of the base-stations to be active at any given time to satisfy traffic demands. In addition to queue stability (to ensure that traffic demands are met), we focus on optimizing for costs arising due to activating base-stations (switching base-station state between active/inactive), and maintaining activation (these costs arising due to energy consumption).We propose two algorithms-LASS-Static and LASS-Dynamic (LASS: Learning Aided Switching and Scheduling), both of which are explore-exploit policies for base-station switching and channel scheduling. In our setting, the switching action consists of two key decisions: when to switch, and what base-station activation state to switch to. Both LASS-Static and LASS-Dynamic determine the resulting switching state (i.e. `what to switch to as well as the schedule using current queue-lengths and (estimated) channel states. The crucial difference is in `when to switch'-LASS-Static determines these statically (motivated by an epsilon-greedy bandit approach), whereas LASS-Dynamic does so using current queue-lengths (thus correlating switching times, switching states and schedules). For either algorithm, existing Lyapunov-based techniques fail to establish stability, as the switching state dynamics correlate the base-station activation decisions with the channel evolution over time. Using novel drift based techniques, in this paper we derive stability, and provide explicit bounds on the expected cost and queue lengths for both algorithms. Furthermore, we show that adaptively selecting switching times in LASS-Dynamic results in an improved upper-tail of queue lengths compared to LASS-Static.
Chemical ionization mass spectrometry studies. Nitric oxide as a reagent gas (1972)

Preliminary results indicate that it may be possible to identify the functional group present in many organic compounds from chemical ionization mass spectra recorded with nitric oxide as the reagent gas.
Magnetic Optimizations for High-Power Density Bidirectional Cascaded-Buck-Boost Converter (2019)

This paper presents various innovative techniques to achieve high efficiency for the cascaded-buck-boost converter. A rigorous loss model with component nonlinearities was developed to determine the power loss distribution and validated by simulations and experiments. A low profile planar-nanocrystalline inductor was designed based on the results of power loss distribution and various design aspects of core and winding were discussed. Two different types of windings: copper foil and litz wire, were compared. Finite-Element-Analysis (FEA) method was used to examine and visualize the inductor design. By implementing the planar-nanocrystalline inductor, a peak efficiency of 99.08 % and 98.88% was achieved for the buck mode and the boost mode, respectively. And a converter power density of 91.8 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> with an inductor profile height of 0.276 inches was reported.
Clock Synchronization of a Large Multiprocessor System in the Presence of Malicious Faults (1987)

Clock synchronization in the presence of malicious faults is one of the main problems associated with the design of a multiprocessor system. Although over the past few years many different algorithms have been proposed for overcoming this problem, they are not suitable for a large real-time multiprocessor system due to their excessive time overhead, asymmetric structure, and/or large number of interconnections. To remedy this problem, we propose a new method in this paper that i) requires little time overhead by using phase-locked clock synchronization, ii) needs a clock network very similar to the processor network, and iii) uses only 20-30 percent of the total number of interconnections required by a fully connected network for almost no loss in the synchronizing capabilities. Both ii) and iii) are made possible by grouping the various clocks in the system into many different clusters and then treating the clusters themselves as single clock units as far as the network is concerned. The method is significant in that regardless of their size multiprocessor systems can be built at an inexpensive cost without sacrificing both the synchronization and fault tolerance capabilities. To show the feasibility of our method, an example hardware implementation is presented. This implementation turns out to be much simpler than the other existing methods and also retains the symmetry and synchronizing capabilities of the network.
Report on Representations for Multimodal Generation Workshop (2006)

The Representations for Multimodal Generation Workshop was held on April 23-25, 2005, at Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland. The overall goal of this workshop is to further the state of research on multimodal generation by enabling (and getting) people in the field to work together on building systems capable of real-time face-to-face dialog with people. This report summarizes the activities and progress of that meeting.
Strong near-field light-matter interaction in plasmon-resonant\n tip-enhanced Raman scattering in indium nitride (2019)

We report a detailed study of the strong near-field Raman scattering\nenhancement which takes place in tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) in indium\nnitride. In addition to the well-known first-order optical phonons of indium\nnitride, near-field Raman modes, not detectable in the far-field, appear when\napproaching the plasmonic probe. The frequencies of these modes coincide with\ncalculated energies of second order combinational modes consisting of optical\nzone center phonons and acoustic phonons at the edge of the Brillouin zone. The\nappearance of strong combinational modes suggests that TERS in indium nitride\nrepresents a special case of Raman scattering in which a resonance condition on\nthe nanometer scale is achieved between the localized surface plasmons (LSPs)\nand surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of the probe with the surface charge\noscillation of the material. We suggest that the surface charge accumulation\n(SCA) in InN, which can render the surface a degenerate semiconductor, is the\ndominating reason for the unusually large enhancement of the TERS signal as\ncompared to other inorganic semiconductors. Thus, the plasmon-resonant TERS\n(PR-TERS) process in InN makes this technique an excellent tool for defect\ncharacterization of indium-rich semiconductor heterostructures and\nnanostructures with high carrier concentrations.\n
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Differential Expression of CD49a and CD49b Determines Localization and Function of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables S1-S2; Supplementary Figures S1-S10 and Legends for Supplementary Movies 1-3&lt;/p&gt;
Ternary Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of a Hydroxybenzamide Ligand with Diimine Coligands: the 5,6-dmp Ligand Enhances DNA Binding and Cleavage and Induces Apoptosis (2011)

The dinuclear copper(II) complexes [Cu(2)(LH)(2)(diimine)(2)(ClO(4))(2)](ClO(4))(2) (1-4), where LH = 2-hydroxy-N-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzamide and diimine = 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy; 1), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen; 2), 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (5,6-dmp; 3), and dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq; 4), have been isolated and characterized. The X-ray crystal structure of complex 1 contains two copper(II) centers bridged by the phenolate moiety of the amide ligand. All of the complexes display a ligand-field band (630-655 nm) and the PhO(-)-to-Cu(II) ligand-to-metal charge-transfer band (405-420 nm) in solution. Absorption and emission spectral studies and viscosity measurements indicate that complex 4 interacts with calf thymus DNA more strongly than all of the other complexes through strong partial intercalation of the extended planar ring (dpq) with a DNA base stack. Interestingly, 3 exhibits a DNA binding affinity higher than 2, suggesting the involvement in hydrophobic interaction of coordinated 5,6-dmp with the DNA surface. In contrast to the increase in relative viscosities of DNA bound to 2-4, a decrease in viscosity of DNA bound to 1 is observed, indicating a shortening of the DNA chain length through formation of kinks or bends. All of the complexes exhibit an ability to cleave DNA (pUC19 DNA) in a 5% DMF/5 mM Tris-HCl/50 mM NaCl buffer at pH 7.1 in the absence of an oxidant at 100 μM complex concentration, which varies as 4 > 2 > 1 > 3. The order of DNA the cleavage ability at 30 μM concentration in the presence ascorbic acid is 4 > 2 > 1 > 3, and, interestingly, 4 alone shows an ability to convert supercoiled DNA into nicked-coiled DNA even at 6 μM concentration, beyond which complete degradation is observed and the pathway of oxidative DNA cleavage involves hydroxyl radicals. In the presence of distamycin, all of the complexes, except 3, show decreased DNA cleavage activity, suggesting that the complexes prefer to bind in the DNA minor groove. All of the complexes exhibit prominent DNA cleavage even at very low concentrations (nM) in the presence of H(2)O(2) as an activator, with the order of cleavage efficiency being 3 > 2 > 4 > 1. Studies on the anticancer activity toward HEp-2 human larynx cell lines reveal that the ability of the complexes to kill the cancer cell lines varies as 3 > 4 > 2 > 1. Also, interestingly, the IC(50) value of 3 is lower than that of cisplatin, suggesting that the hydrophobicity of methyl groups on the 5 and 6 positions of the complex enhances the anticancer activity. The mode of cell death effected by the complex has been explored by using various biochemical techniques like comet assay, mitochondrial membrane potency, and Western blotting. The complex has been found to induce nuclear condensation and fragmentation in cell lines. Also, it triggers activation of caspases by releasing cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, suggesting that it induces apoptosis in cells via the mitochondrial pathway.
A 225-950mV 1.5Tbps/W Whirlpool Hashing Accelerator for Secure Automotive Platforms in 14nm CMOS (2019)

A Whirlpool cryptographic hashing hardware accelerator targeted for automotive security is fabricated in 14nm tri-gate CMOS with 640MHz operation and throughput of 33Gbps, measured at 750mV, 25°C. Pre-addition of key and message with delayed round computation, Galois Field arithmetic optimized Sbox and multiply-less Galois Field scaling with fused reduction results in 23% area reduction compared to a conventional LUT-based design. Fully-combinational Sbox implementation enables robust sub-threshold operation down to 225mV, with a peak energy efficiency of 1.5Tbps/W measured at 250mV.