gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase Ib/II neoadjuvant (N-) pembrolizumab (P) and chemotherapy for locally advanced urothelial cancer (laUC): Final results from the cisplatin (C)- eligible cohort of HCRN GU14-188. (2020)

5047 Background: Patients (pts) with laUC who are C-eligible for N- therapy may benefit from combination chemo-immunotherapy. Cohort 1 (C1) of the GU14-188 trial is a phase 1b/2 trial designed to assess the tolerability and efficacy of N- gemcitabine (G), C, and P in pts with laUC. The current standard of care is ddMVAC with a pathologic non-muscle invasive rate (PaIR, ≤pT1N0) of ~44%. Methods: Eligible pts for C1 were surgical candidates and C-eligible with cT2-4aN0M0 bladder UC. Enrollment followed a Simon 2-stage design for H 0 of interval futility which was rejected at stage 1, and fully enrolled. Phase 1b (no DLT) /2 treatments were the same: P 200mg q3wks on day 8 x5 doses; with C (70mg/m2) day 1, and G (1000mg/m2) days 1 and 8 of a 21 day cycle (cy), for 4 cy; followed by radical cystectomy (RC). Minimum criteria for evaluation of safety: 1 dose of P, and for efficacy: 2 doses P and RC. The primary endpoint of PaIR was assessed at RC and designed for 86% power with 4% significance to detect a difference from 23 to 48%. Secondary endpoints include relapse free survival and overall survival. Results: 43 pts were enrolled to C1 with a median (mdn) age 64, 63% male, 51% &gt; cT2. Mdn per-pt doses given (attempted) for: P:5(5), C:4(4), G:8(8). The PaIR was 61.1% (95%CI 0.45, 0.75), P0 (ypT0N0) rate of 44.4%, and did not correlate with baseline PD-L1 score. Downstage to PaIR occurred in 53% of cT2, and 74% of cT3/4. Mdn time to RC from last dose was 5.3wks. Seven were not included in the primary analysis: 4 (9.3%) without RC, 1 progressed, 1 lost to f/u during C1, 1 did not receive required protocol therapy. There was 1 death on post-RC day 9 due to mesenteric ischemia. Of 4 pts who did not have RC, 3 refused and 1 due to gr4 thrombocytopenic purpura; 4pts are alive and without recurrence at mdn f/u of 32mo. One pt with presumed gr3 MI during cy 4 had a negative inpt cardiac workup and completed therapy and RC without further AE. One gr4 hyponatremia and ten gr3 events did not preclude RC (2-each thromboembolism, elevated creatinine, hyponatremia;1-each: dehydration, emesis, neutropenic fever, infection). Gr 3/4 cytopenias occurred in 57% of pts. At mdn f/u of 34.2mo (3.9-47.4), the estimated 36mo RFS, OS, and DSS is 63%, 82%, and 87%, respectively. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant GC with P in laUC has manageable toxicity and has improved pathologic outcomes compared to historic controls. Durable long-term survival in those with- and without -RC is noteworthy in this advanced cohort. KEYNOTE 866, NCT03924856, is a Phase III study of GC with perioperative P. Clinical trial information: NCT02365766 .
American Academy of Periodontology Best Evidence Consensus Statement on Selected Oral Applications for Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography (2017)

For each specific question addressed, there is a critical mass of evidence, but insufficient evidence to support broad conclusions or definitive clinical practice guidelines.
Formation of low resistance ohmic contacts in GaN-based high electron mobility transistors with BCl3 surface plasma treatment (2013)

A BCl3 surface plasma treatment technique to reduce the resistance and to increase the uniformity of ohmic contacts in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors with a GaN cap layer has been established. This BCl3 plasma treatment was performed by an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching system under conditions that prevented any recess etching. The average contact resistances without plasma treatment, with SiCl4, and with BCl3 plasma treatment were 0.34, 0.41, and 0.17 Ω mm, respectively. Also, the standard deviation of the ohmic contact resistance with BCl3 plasma treatment was decreased. This decrease in the standard deviation of contact resistance can be explained by analyzing the surface condition of GaN with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy. We found that the proposed BCl3 plasma treatment technique can not only remove surface oxide but also introduce surface donor states that contribute to lower the ohmic contact resistance.
Anatomy of a Genetic Algorithm (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Creating an Initial Population Evaluating Fitness Natural Selection Mate Selection Generating Offspring Mutation Terminating the Run
Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound Predicts Severe Disease and Death Due to COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study (2022)

Participants with a mLUSS greater than or equal to 1 or pleural line changes on LUS had an increased likelihood of subsequent requirement of high-flow oxygen or greater. LUS is a promising tool for assessing risk of COVID-19 progression at the bedside.
Natural transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated disease from human to pet cat (Felis silvestris catus), Belgium, March 2020 (2020)

peer reviewed
Change of Microstructures of Directionally Solidified Ni Base Superalloy GTD-111 at High Temperature (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Evolution of transient meniscus in a wettable microchannel for Newtonian fluid (2006)

A simple numerical approach based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method reveals that a &amp;amp;apos;W&amp;amp;apos;-shaped, transient meniscus is ubiquitous during the formation of a uniformly curved meniscus within a microchannel, which has been believed to be dominant for the transients. The time that is needed to maintain the transient meniscus is correlated with viscosity, surface tension and geometry of the cavity. A generalized correlation is presented to predict the persistent time of the transient meniscus in a wettable microchannel (contact angle, theta &amp;amp;lt; 90 degrees) for Newtonian fluid.
Development of Wearable Semi-invasive Blood Sampling Devices for Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Survey (2013)

Semi-invasive blood sampling devices mimic the way female mosquitoes extract blood from a host. They generally consist of a microneedle, a microactuator for needle insertion, a blood extraction mechanism and a blood glucose sensor. These devices have great potential to overcome the major disadvantages of several current blood glucose monitoring methods. Over last two decades, extensive research has been made in all of these related fields. More recently, several wearable devices for semi-invasive blood sampling have been developed. This review aims at summarizing the current state-of-the-art development and utilization of such wearable devices for continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels, with a special attention on design considerations, fabrication technologies and testing methods.
Polarization dependent terahertz spectroscopy of a single subwavelength hole in thin metallic film (2009)

We theoretically and experimentally investigate the optical properties of a subwavelength hole in a thin metallic film. The microscopic origin of the hole plasmon resonance is a collective state formed by propagating thin film surface plasmons of wavelengths equal to integer fractions of the hole diameter. We show that the plasmon resonance depend strongly on the polarization of the incident light. We also, using time-domain terahertz spectroscopy, demonstrate the first experimental observation of the optical coupling between antibonding film plasmon modes and perpendicularly polarized light to the film surface.
High mobility nanocrystalline silicon transistors on clear plastic substrates (2005)

We demonstrate nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) top-gate thin-film transistors (TFTs) on optically clear, flexible plastic foil substrates. The silicon layers were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of 150/spl deg/C. The n-channel nc-Si TFTs have saturation electron mobilities of 18 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> V/sup -1/s/sup -1/ and transconductances of 0.22 μSμm/sup -1/. With a channel width to length ratio of 2, these TFTs deliver up to 0.1 mA to bottom emitting electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) which were fabricated on a separate glass substrate. These results suggest that high-current, small-area OLED driver TFTs can be made by a low-temperature process, compatible with flexible clear plastic substrates.
Iterative learning control for soft landing of electromechanical valve actuator in camless engines (2003)

Variable valve timing allows improvements of internal combustion engines and can be achieved by camless actuation technology. In this paper we consider an electromechanical valve (EMV) actuator. One of the main problems in the EMV actuator is the noise and wear associated with high contact velocities during the closing and opening of the valve. The contact velocity of the actuator parts can be reduced by designing a tracking controller that consists of a linear feedback and a nonsquare iterative learning controller (ILC). With the ILC methodology we update the feedforward signal of the feedback controller every cycle based on the error between the actual valve position and the desired position. The methodology is reviewed and both simulation and experimental results are presented. We explore the disturbance rejection capability of the control scheme by simulating conditions with an unknown force acting on the valve similar to the ones present during varying engine load.
Electrostatically Tunable Nanomechanical Shallow Arches (2017)

We report an analytical and experimental study on the tunability of in-plane doubly-clamped nanomechanical arches under varied DC bias conditions at room temperature. For this purpose, silicon based shallow arches are fabricated using standard e-beam lithography and surface nanomachining of a highly conductive device layer on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. The experimental results show good agreement with the analytical results with a maximum tunability of 108.14% for 180 nm thick arch with a transduction gap of 1 μm between the beam and the driving/sensing electrodes. The high tunability of shallow arches paves the ways for highly tunable band pass filtering applications in high frequency range.
Suppression of resonances associated with periodically amplified solitons (1993)

Experiments have shown the presence of a spatially periodic gain/loss and/or dispersion, as experienced by a soliton pulse propagating in the distributed environment of a fibre laser (or for that matter any other equivalent system) can act as a source of instability, see [1] and references therein. In rare earth doped fibre lasers this is paricularly evident with the generation of femtosecond soliton pulses, [2,3]. A characteristic signature of this instability is the appearance of a series of well defined spectral resonances(sidebands) in the spectral wings of the pulse. These components act as an energy sink, introduce destabilising effects and also preclude full use of the gain linewidth. Theoretical studies have indicated the magnitude [4] and position [5] of these resonances scales as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="eq1" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≈</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mrow> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> <mml:mi>o</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> </mml:mrow> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> where Z o is the soliton period which is inversly proportional to the (net)second order dispersion and Z a is the fundamental period associated with the perturbation, typically the fibre (cavity)length. In principle therefore, using fibres of shorter length and/or lower dispersion should permit the generation of shorter pulses and hence more efficient use of the gain linewidth, [1,3]. With the former there is a practical limit on how short a fibre can become whereas in the latter a point is ultimately reached where higher order dispersion, in particular third order dispersion, becomes important.
Honokiol, a natural plant product, inhibits the bone metastatic growth of human prostate cancer cells (2007)

The combination of honokiol and low-dose docetaxel may be used to improve patient outcome in androgen-independent prostate cancer with bone metastasis.
Abstract 94: Epigenetic silencing of CDO1 sustains viability of breast cancer cells via the reduction of cellular ROS (2012)

Abstract Approaches to analyze genome-wide methylation changes have become an extraordinary useful tool to identify thousands of new candidate hypermethylated genes in cancer. Numerous comprehensive approaches have been initiated to begin to understand the biological significance of the vast amount of methylation data generated and by this, novel tumor suppressor genes, biomarkers for early detection and prognosis prediction of cancer, and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor growth control have been discovered. In this study, we explore the candidate hypermethylated gene Cysteine Dioxygenase Type 1 (CDO1), which was recently identified in breast cancer using a functionally proven genome-wide gene expression approach. Here, we show that the epigenetic inactivation of CDO1 enhances tumor growth and sustains viability of breast cancer cells via the reduction of cellular ROS. Moreover, we observed a cancer stage-dependent increase in CDO1 methylation frequency (DCIS: 50%, stage 1-2: 65% and stage 3-4: 90%) that coincides with elevated oxidative stress levels in advanced cancers. These findings support the hypothesis that cancer cells upregulate their antioxidant capacity in adaptation to intrinsic oxidative stress. Lastly, we correlated CDO1 methylation status with clinicopathologic patient characteristics in a cohort of 186 patients. Methylation of CDO1 is significantly associated with prognostic parameters such as tumor stage, lymphovascular and perinodal invasion and predicts worse patient outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 94. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-94
The transcriptomic profile of ovarian cancer grading (2014)

Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of gynecological malignancy, with the serous subtype being the most commonly presented subtype. Recent studies have demonstrated that grade does not yield significant prognostic information, independent of TNM staging. As such, several different grading systems have been proposed to reveal morphological characteristics of these tumors, however each yield different results. To help address this issue, we performed a rigorous computational analysis to better understand the molecular differences that fundamentally explain the different grades and grading systems. mRNA abundance levels were analyzed across 334 total patients and their association with each grade and grading system were assessed. Few molecular differences were observed between grade 2 and 3 tumors when using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grading system, suggesting their molecular similarity. In contrast, grading by the Silverberg system reveals that grades 1-3 are molecularly equidistant from one another across a spectrum. Additionally, we have identified a few candidate genes with good prognostic information that could potentially be used for classifying cases with similar morphological appearances.
Electrodeposition of Ductile Ni‐P Amorphous Alloys Using Periodic‐Reverse Current (1991)

Amorphous alloys prepared by electrodeposition are extremely brittle, as compared to the analogous material prepared by rapid solidification. This lack of ductility severely restricts their practical application. In this paper, a new electrochemical method of preparing improved Ni‐P alloys is described. The process, which is based upon periodic‐reverse current plating, produces material which is significantly more ductile than that obtained through conventional direct‐current or pulse‐plated processes. The microstructure of the PR‐electrodeposited material was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry and was found to be significantly different than the microstructure of direct‐current or pulse‐plated electrodeposits. Possible mechanisms are proposed to explain the enhanced ductility exhibited by the periodic‐reverse current plated alloy.
Identification of sucrose binding, membrane proteins using a photolyzable sucrose analog. [P. saccharophila] (1986)

The sucrose derivative 6'-deoxy-6'-(2-hydroxy-4-azido)benzamidosucrose (6'-HABS) was prepared from sucrose (via 6'-deoxy-6'-aminosucrose) and 4-amino-salicylic acid. 6'-HABS is a competitive inhibitor of sucrose influx into protoplasts from developing soybean cotyledons and of sucrose binding to membranes from the bacteria P. saccharophila. The Ki for inhibition in the soybean protoplasts was 75..mu..M. 6'-Deoxy-6'-(2-hydroxy-3-/sup 125/Iodo-4-azido)benzamidosucrose was prepared by lactoperoxidase iodination of 6'-HABS. Upon photolysis in the presence of membranes from P saccharophila, label from the photoprobe is incorporated into a sucrose inducible polypeptide of mass 84 KD in SDS-PAGE. The polypeptide is protected from labeling by the inclusion of sucrose in the photolysis mixture. Photolysis conditions which lead to specific labeling of the sucrose protectable polypeptide in bacterial membranes also give sucrose protectable labeling of a 66 KD polypeptide in microsomal preparations made from developing soybeans. The possibility that this is a sucrose transporting protein is being tested.
Document classification by topic labeling (2013)

In this paper, we propose Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [1] based document classification algorithm which does not require any labeled dataset. In our algorithm, we construct a topic model using LDA, assign one topic to one of the class labels, aggregate all the same class label topics into a single topic using the aggregation property of the Dirichlet distribution and then automatically assign a class label to each unlabeled document depending on its "closeness" to one of the aggregated topics.
Surface and interface engineering of ZnO based heterostructures fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition (2013)

ZnO and related alloys are an important class of materials to realize transparent electronics because of their characteristic wide band-gap and high mobility, and also because of their practical advantages, such as: available n-type materials and bulk single crystals, low-cost production, and absence of toxicity. Our studies have been conducted for more than a decade and they have enabled surface and interface engineering on an atomic scale, presenting a promising technology for developing electrical devices of various kinds. The quality of the epitaxial films was improved drastically when grown on high-temperature annealed buffer layers prepared on lattice-matched ScAlMgO4 substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. We carefully investigated the growth temperature dependence of surface morphology and electrical properties. Electron mobility was recorded as 440 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature and 5500 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 1 K, leading to observation of the integer quantum Hall-effect (QHE) in abrupt ZnO/MgxZn1−xO interfaces. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) was formed spontaneously in the interface because of the polarization mismatch between the layers. The observation of QHE enables us to access the direct determination of the interfacial electronic structure. In addition, the field-effect control of 2DEG has been demonstrated using lattice-matched interfaces as high-mobility channels.
Evanescent channels in calculation of phonon-assisted tunneling spectrum of a semiconductor tunneling structure (1993)

The one-dimensional electron resonant tunneling spectrum is calculated for a GaAs/AlGaAs double barrier resonant tunneling structure in the presence of electron-optical-phonon scattering using a model similar to the independent-boson model. The calculation scheme developed by Cai et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 418 (1989)] is examined in the situation when the electronic evanescent state is involved. Via the electron-phonon interaction, the coupling between an unbounded electronic state and an evanescent state is studied and found to be weakened. The calculated tunneling spectrum shows the one-phonon emission sideband as indicated in the experimental data [V. J. Goldman, D. C. Tsui, and J. E. Cunningham, Phys. Rev. B 36, 7635 (1987)] and in another theoretical calculation [N. S. Wingreen, K. W. Jacobsen, and J. W. Wilkins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1396 (1988)].
Changepoint detection on a graph of time series (2021)

When analysing multiple time series that may be subject to changepoints, it is sometimes possible to specify a priori, by means of a graph, which pairs of time series are likely to be impacted by simultaneous changepoints. This article proposes an informative prior for changepoints which encodes the information contained in the graph, inducing a changepoint model for multiple time series that borrows strength across clusters of connected time series to detect weak signals for synchronous changepoints. The graphical model for changepoints is further extended to allow dependence between nearby but not necessarily synchronous changepoints across neighbouring time series in the graph. A novel reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm making use of auxiliary variables is proposed to sample from the graphical changepoint model. The merit of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a changepoint analysis of computer network authentication logs from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), demonstrating an improvement at detecting weak signals for network intrusions across users linked by network connectivity, whilst limiting the number of false alerts.
Leveraging Structure from Motion to Learn Discriminative Codebooks for Scalable Landmark Classification (2013)

In this paper we propose a new technique for learning a discriminative codebook for local feature descriptors, specifically designed for scalable landmark classification. The key contribution lies in exploiting the knowledge of correspondences within sets of feature descriptors during code-book learning. Feature correspondences are obtained using structure from motion (SfM) computation on Internet photo collections which serve as the training data. Our codebook is defined by a random forest that is trained to map corresponding feature descriptors into identical codes. Unlike prior forest-based codebook learning methods, we utilize fine-grained descriptor labels and address the challenge of training a forest with an extremely large number of labels. Our codebook is used with various existing feature encoding schemes and also a variant we propose for importance-weighted aggregation of local features. We evaluate our approach on a public dataset of 25 landmarks and our new dataset of 620 landmarks (614K images). Our approach significantly outperforms the state of the art in landmark classification. Furthermore, our method is memory efficient and scalable.