gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The APC I1307K polymorphism as a significant risk factor for CRC in average-risk Ashkenazi Jews. (2012)

1507 Background: The I1307K adenomatous polyposis coli gene variant, prevalent among Ashkenazi Jews, may increase risk for colorectal neoplasia. We studied the clinical importance of screening for this polymorphism in 3305 Israelis undergoing colonoscopic assessment. Methods: Blood samples and risk factor information were collected from individuals undergoing colonoscopic examination at our medical center. Germline genetic analysis for the APC I1307K variant was performed using real-time PCR for DNA extracted from peripheral mononuclear cells. Results: The overall prevalence of the I1307K polymorphism was 8.0% (10.1% among Ashkenazi while only 2.7% among Sephardic Jews, p&lt;0.001). The overall adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CR neoplasia among carriers was 1.51(95% CI, 1.16 –1.98). Among average risk Ashkenazi Jews, the OR was 1.76 (95% CI 1.26-2.45). On the contrary, among Sephardi subjects the OR was 0.996 (95% CI, 0.51-1.93). A multiplicative interaction was identified between Ashkenazi ethnicity and APC I1307K carrier status (P INTERACTION =0.055). The histopathological features of adenomas and cancers did not differ between carriers and non-carriers. Conclusions: The APC I1307K gene variant is an important risk factor for CRC in average risk Ashkenazi jews and should be considered for screening in this population.
Performance Analysis of Combined Transmit Selection Diversity and Receive Generalized Selection Combining in Rayleigh Fading Channels (2004)

We analyze the average symbol error rate (SER) of M-PSK and M-QAM modulations with transmit antenna selection diversity (SD) and receive generalized selection combining (GSC) in Rayleigh fading channels. SER formulas are derived in closed form, and numerical results show that transmit SD and receive GSC are flexible to tradeoff performance for complexity.
Concepts for teaching optoelectronic circuits and systems (2002)

Conférence EWME 2002, Vigo (Spain)
v-P2O5 micro-clustering in P-doped silica studied by a first-principles Raman investigation (2019)

Synthetic vitreous silica is currently the preferred material for the production of optical fibres because of the several excellent properties of this glass, e.g. high transmission in the visible and IR domains, high mechanical strength, chemical durability, and ease of doping with various materials. For instance, fiber lasers and amplifiers exploit the light amplification properties provided by rare-earth ions employed as dopants in the core of silica-based optical fibers. The structure and composition of the nearest neighbor shell surrounding rare-earth ions in silica-based optical fibers and amplifiers have been intensively debated in the last decade. To reduce aggregation effects between rare-earth ions, co-dopants such as phosphorus and aluminium are added as structural modifiers; phosphorus-doping, in particular, has proved to be very efficient in dissolving rare-earth ions. In this work, we provide further insights concerning the embedding of P atoms into the silica network, which may be relevant for explaining the ease of formation of a phosphorus pentoxide nearest-neighbor shell around a rare-earth dopant. In particular, by means of first-principles calculations, we discuss alternative models for an irradiation (UV, x-, γ-rays) induced paramagnetic center, i.e. the so called room-temperature phosphorus-oxygen-hole center, and its precursors. We report that the most likely precursor of a room-temperature phosphorus-oxygen-hole center comprises of a micro-cluster of a few (at least two) neighboring phosphate tetrahedra, and correspondingly that the occurrence of isolated [(O-)<sub>2</sub>P(=O)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>-</sup> units is unlikely even at low P-doping concentrations. In fact, this work predicts that the symmetric stretching of P=O bonds in isolated [(O-)<sub>2</sub>P(=O)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>-</sup> units appears as a Raman band at a frequency of ~1110 cm<sup>-1</sup>, and only by including at least another corner-sharing phosphate tetrahedron, it is shown to shift to higher frequencies (up to ~40 cm<sup>-1</sup>) due to the shortening of P=O bonds, thereby leading to an improved agreement with the observed Raman band located at ~1145 cm<sup>-1</sup>.
The fMRI response of the LGN and V1 to cardinal red-green, blue-yellow, and achromatic visual stimuli (2005)

We compared the responsiveness of the LGN and the early retinotopic cortical areas to stimulation of the two cone-opponent systems (red - green and blue - yellow) and the achromatic system. This was done at two contrast levels to control for any effect of contrast. MR images were acquired on seven subjects with a 4T Bruker MedSpec scanner. The early visual cortical areas were localised by phase encoded retinotopic mapping with a volumetric analysis (Dumoulin et al, 2003 NeuroImage 18 576 - 587). We initially located the LGN in four subjects by using flickering stimuli in a separate scanning session, but subsequently identified it using the experimental stimuli. Experimental stimuli were sine-wave counterphasing rings (2 Hz, 0.5 cycle deg-1), cardinal for the selective activation of the L/M cone-opponent (RG), S cone-opponent (BY), and achromatic (Ach) systems. A region of interest analysis was performed. When presented at equivalent absolute contrasts (cone contrast = 5% - 6%), the BOLD response of the LGN is strongest to isoluminant red - green stimuli and weakest to blue - yellow stimuli, with the achromatic response falling in between. Area V1, on the other hand, responds best to both chromatic stimuli, with the achromatic response falling below. The key change from the LGN to V1 is a dramatic boost in the relative blue - yellow response, which occurred at both contrast levels used. This greatly enhanced cortical response to blue - yellow relative to the red - green and achromatic responses may be due to an increase in cell number and/or cell response between the LGN and V1. We speculate that the effect might reflect the operation of contrast constancy across colour mechanisms at the cortical level.
Document Thumbnails with Variable Text Scaling (2012)

Abstract Document reader applications usually offer an overview of the layout for each page as thumbnail views. Reading the text in these becomes impossible when the font size becomes very small. We improve the readability of these thumbnails using a distortion method, which retains a readable font size of interesting text while shrinking less interesting text further. In contrast to existing approaches, our method preserves the global layout of a page and is able to show context around important terms. We evaluate our technique and show application examples.
A Xanthate Transfer Radical Process for the Introduction of the Trifluoromethyl Group (2001)

[reaction: see text]. S-Trifluoromethyl xanthates efficiently add to unactivated alkenes by a radical mechanism to give adducts with a trifluoromethyl group at the least hindered terminus of the olefin.
Modeling the depth-sectioning effect in reflection-mode dynamic speckle-field interferometric microscopy (2017)

Unlike most optical coherence microscopy (OCM) systems, dynamic speckle-field interferometric microscopy (DSIM) achieves depth sectioning through the spatial-coherence gating effect. Under high numerical aperture (NA) speckle-field illumination, our previous experiments have demonstrated less than 1 μm depth resolution in reflection-mode DSIM, while doubling the diffraction limited resolution as under structured illumination. However, there has not been a physical model to rigorously describe the speckle imaging process, in particular explaining the sectioning effect under high illumination and imaging NA settings in DSIM. In this paper, we develop such a model based on the diffraction tomography theory and the speckle statistics. Using this model, we calculate the system response function, which is used to further obtain the depth resolution limit in reflection-mode DSIM. Theoretically calculated depth resolution limit is in an excellent agreement with experiment results. We envision that our physical model will not only help in understanding the imaging process in DSIM, but also enable better designing such systems for depth-resolved measurements in biological cells and tissues.
On the Mitigation of Optical Filtering Penalties Originating From ROADM Cascade (2014)

Wavelength selective switches (WSSs) that are integrated in reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) induce penalties on the optical signal due to tight optical filtering, which increases as several ROADMs are cascaded in a meshed network. In this letter, we propose and analyze possible configurations for the mitigation of these penalties in optical domain using optical wave shaper (WS). Including one WS in every ROADM node allows transmission of 28 and 32 GBd signals, which are QPSK, 8-QAM, or 16-QAM modulated, through a cascade of 32 and 14 WSS filters, respectively. With an average bandwidth of 33 GHz per WSS, an optical signal to noise ratio penalty below 1 dB at BER=1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> is observed.
How lung cancer cells change identity (2021)

Changes in MAPK signaling allow lung cancer cells to transition between lineages that respond differently to treatment.
Space for curiosity (2013)

In education and creative industries, ordinary workplaces and everyday life, curiosity is widely regarded as a good thing, worthy of encouragement and support. This raises practical questions about how to be more curious and encourage curiosity in others. To bring these questions into focus, it helps to think geographically, asking: how can we find and make ‘space’ for curiosity? But curiosity is not simply a practical problem. Through spaces for curiosity, it is possible to raise more fundamental questions about what curiosity is and what it can be: about who can be curious, and what curiosity is for.
Congenital polycystic kidney disease. Genetically transmitted infantile polycystic kidney disease in C57BL/6J mice. (2020)

Ce modèle permet l'étude du processus dès son expression la plus précoce et permet de délimiter la cause de la maladie au niveau moléculaire.
MATERIALS FOR DIODE PUMPED SOLID STATE LASERS (1991)

Abstract- The advantages of semiconductor diode lasers and laser arrays as pump sources for solid state lasers are reviewed. The properties desired for solid state laser media for various diode pumping applications are discussed, and the characteristics of several promising media are summarized. I.
Communications Based Integrated Lane Change, Lane Drift and Blind Spot Warning System (2012)

Active safety systems based on Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications offer new opportunities that will result in more capable, highly integrated, widely deployed, more compact and less costly products. Current Lane Change, Lane Drift and Blind Spot Warning systems are usually mechanized using different object detection sensors. This paper proposes an integrated system that uses V2V communications without using object detection sensors. Previous studies, field trials, and industry standards are used to describe the primary requirements of the system in terms of operating speed, roadway characteristics, weather, and vehicle detection zones. Kinematic equations that support the warning algorithms are introduced. The inputs required and outputs generated by the system are presented. Several conditions and basic algorithms for warning the driver and types of warnings are tabulated. Variable size vehicle detection zones are defined depending on the scenario and the system function. The Lane Change, Lane Drift and Blind Spot Warning systems are interrelated and this paper demonstrates that they can perform as a single integrated system.
Statistical analysis of precipitation chemistry measurements over the eastern United States. Final report (1986)

This report describes the behavior of the chemical constituents in precipitation, including their typical concentrations and ranges, regional patterns, and seasonal changes. In addition, the influence of some meteorological factors on precipitation chemistry is assessed statistically. Daily precipitation monitoring data for the period 1978 through 1983 over the eastern United States were examined using measurements for 34 sites from the UAPSP, MAP3S, and WADMP networks. Data from these three networks were combined into a single, uniform archive of daily rainfall records containing precipitation amounts, pH, and constituent concentrations. Statistical relationships of each constituent to hydrogen ion concentration, and correlation coefficients between all of the constituents show that three of them - sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium - are most closely related to acidity. At six sites that span the area, empirical linear equations using sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, and potassium ion concentrations explain approximately 95% of the variability in acidity. To evaluate spatial and temporal patterns, statistical interpolation methods (called Kriging) were applied to yearly concentration and deposition values. Highest concentrations of hydrogen ions, sulfate, and nitrate occurred along the Ohio River valley northeastward to New England. Maximum ammonium concentrations occurred in a belt extending from the northernmore » Great Plains eastward across the Great Lakes. Over the period investigated, a small trend toward decreasing acidity and decreasing concentrations of the three main constituents was found. Year-to-year changes were both upward and downward, with values decreasing from 1981 to 1983. More data are required to determine whether the apparent trend is continuing. In contrast, no statistically significant trends were found in the amount of material deposited by precipitation.« less
MoS2-Graphene Composite Electrode for High Energy Hybrid Li-Ion Capacitors (2022)

A hybrid Li-ion capacitor represents an emerging class of devices, which results from the coupling of high energy density battery-type electrode materials at one side and high-power EDLC electrode at other side. Here, we develop a simple and scalable method including ball-milling, followed by heating process to synthesize MoS 2 /graphene composite material. The structural and morphological analyses were carried out by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The composite electrode delivers high specific capacity (725 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 and 265 mAh g −1 at 5 A g −1 ). The hybrid device composed of MoS 2 /graphene composite electrode as negative electrode and commercial activated carbon as the positive electrode exhibits a high energy density of 117 Wh kg −1 at 200 W kg −1 and a maximum power density of 3.9 kW kg −1 at 79 Wh kg −1 . The hybrid device showed a long cycle stable Li storage capacity (62% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g −1 ).
Development of a measurement technique for highly conductive CVD diamonds and analysis of uncertanties due to 3D heat losses (2010)

Thermal spreaders have been of interest over the last few decades. Heat pipes, Thermal Pyrolytic Graphite (TPG), and other graphite-based materials have been commonly used for enhancing the thermal performance. This study will start for a discussion of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of diamond manufacturing to enable high conductivity plates for heat spreading. Later attention will be turned to absolute thermal conductivity measurements. A measurement technique for the thermal conductivity of a thin diamond plate was proposed. Baseline measurements have been established via a similar copper plate with a thermal conductivity of 400 W/m-K. IR thermal images were collected. Heat losses are calculated via analytical and numerical models. We found that one type of thermal management CVD diamond has a thermal conductivity of approximately 820 W/m-K accounting both diamond film and thin Silicon substrate.
Effects of a Person-Following Light-Touch Device During Overground Walking With Visual Perturbations in a Virtual Reality Environment (2019)

Background: Proprioceptive feedback represents an alternative sensory channel that may be stabilizing in both overground gait in a virtual environment (VE), as well as when using an assistive device for overground gait. A person-following robot could potentially provide more useful proprioceptive feedback as compared to conventional assistive devices, such as a cane, as the person could maintain continuous contact with the environment with a reduced cognitive load.Methods: Using a light touch support paradigm, we explore whether a person-following robot could act as a proprioceptive reference point to stabilize overground gait. Twelve healthy subjects completed ten passes across an instrumented walkway in various conditions. These conditions tested the main and interaction effects of walking in a VE, walking in a VE with visual perturbations, and walking with light touch proprioceptive feedback. Results: The light touch support caused narrower strides in all VE conditions. This decrease in the base of support could indicate increased confidence in motor planning due to light touch contact. Significance: This letter illustrates that proprioceptive signals from a person-following robot may increase overground stability when the user experiences discordant visual feedback.
Effect of ubiquitin on platelet functions: possible identity with platelet activity suppressive lymphokine (PASL) (1991)

In an attempt to clone a suppressive lymphokine of platelet function (PASL), we have obtained a cDNA clone coding for the previously described human ubiquitin-80 amino acid fusion protein. Our clone differs from the described sequence in that it contains the complete amino acid sequence of ubiquitin as well as a short (25 bp) 5' noncoding region. In addition the 3' untranslated region is slightly longer than that previously shown. Like PASL, purified ubiquitin can inhibit the cytotoxic properties of platelets and the production of oxygen metabolites by these cells. Moreover, this molecule is able to act as a proaggregating factor and seems of a great interest in pathologies involving defects in platelet aggregation. Ubiquitin could also have a potential use in the regulation of immunological disorders in which platelets seem to be implicated such as hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity and aspirin-sensitive asthma, since in both situations, ubiquitin is able, as is PASL, to inhibit the cytotoxic function of platelets. Indeed ubiquitin possesses important pharmacological potentialities which have not been previously described. This molecule and PASL share several similarities in their functional and physicochemical properties. PASL could therefore belong to the family of ubiquitins.
New adaptive online modeling technique for active noise control systems (2002)

An adaptive online modeling technique for active noise control systems is presented and discussed. Changes in the environment produced by different extreme weather conditions and aged transducers make online modeling necessary in order to make the system track and compensate for those changes. This technique does not use an auxiliary source for modeling, and the introduced complexity is manageable for real-time implementations. Real-time experimental results obtained using this technique are presented to show the effectiveness of the method
Pharmacodynamic assessment of orally available Mas agonists (2021)

Abstract Background Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in driving Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Angiotensin II (A‐II), the ligand for AT1R (pathological axis of the renin angiotensin system [RAS]), promotes the development of AD in part by increasing OS. Mas receptor and its ligand angiotensin (1‐7) (A(1‐7); protective axis of RAS) inhibits A‐II's pathological actions. Two orally available small molecule Mas agonists, RASRx1902 and RASRx1911, were developed to overcome shortcomings of A(1‐7). Both RASRx1902 and RASRx1911 reduce brain OS 90 days after transaortic constriction surgery (TAC), suggesting that both drugs might reduce neurodegeneration. To understand their pharmacodynamics, RASRx1902 and RASRx1911 were tested in the TAC model to determine their optimal dose and dosing regimen, and biological activity. Method C57BL/6J mice underwent TAC or sham surgery. After echocardiography performed, mice were randomized based on their TAC gradient. Mice received one dose of saline, RASRx1902, or RASRx1911 at a range of subcutaneous or oral doses and euthanized at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours post‐treatment. After dose and route of delivery optimization, mice were treated 1x/day, 2x/day, 2x/week or 3x/week for 2 weeks. Brain tissues were isolated and analyzed for pharmacokinetics, functional markers for OS, and Akt/ERK activation. Results One to three weeks after TAC surgery, the levels of mitochondrial superoxide were increased in microglia, but not in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes compared with sham surgery. Treatment with RASRx1902 and RASRx1911, administered either subcutaneously or orally, reduced microglial superoxide levels compared to saline‐treated TAC mice. RASRx1902 showed a stronger inhibitory activity on TAC‐mediated superoxide production than RASRx1911. RASRx1902 and RASRx1911 treatment reduced the TAC‐mediated decreased Akt/Erk activity in brain compared to saline treatment. Conclusions Microglial mitochondrial superoxide is the main contributor to promote OS, a contributor to AD neurodegeneration. Our data clearly show that our metabolically stable small molecule Mas agonists have the capacity to decrease ROS levels in microglia and might mediate neuronal survival through Akt/Erk signaling pathway. Therefore, RASRx1902 and RASRx1911 are promising novel drug for the treatment of AD.
PTPN22 deficiency leads to clearance of chronic viral infection (VIR1P.1150) (2015)

Abstract Mutations in the phosphatase-encoding gene, PTPN22, are associated with a number of autoimmune conditions, including type I diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. To study how PTPN22 functions in immune cells we have made extensive use of a PTPN22 deficient (KO) mouse. PTPN22 KO mice exhibit increased T cell numbers, activity and function as well as increased germinal center activity and antibody production with no autoimmune phenotype. As such we are currently investigating whether loss of PTPN22 would be of benefit to host immunity against chronic viral infections. To test this hypothesis we infected PTPN22 KO mice with the persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) cl13 virus. LCMV cl13 infection in WT B6 mice leads to chronic infection lasting over 60 days characterized by dysfunctional ‘exhausted’ virus-specific T cells. PTPN22 KO mice were able to clear the cl13 infection whereas WT mice were not. Clearance is associated with increased viral-specific CD4 T cell cytokine production 8 days post infection, as well as increased numbers of Tfh and plasma cells. At later time points after infection, PTPN22 KO mice have increased numbers of functional CD8 T cells that produce IFNγ and TNFα, whereas CD8 cells in WT mice do not. These results suggest that inhibition of PTPN22 may prove beneficial in helping to clear chronic infection.
Convenient Total Synthesis of NM‐3, an Antiangiogenesis Agent, and Its Optical Resolution. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.