gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystalline Nanochannels with Pendant Azobenzene Groups: Steric or Polar Effects on Gas Adsorption and Diffusion? (2017)

An azobenzene-containing, zirconium-based metal-organic framework (<sup>Azo</sup>MOF), upon irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light at 365 ± 10 nm, underwent trans-to-cis isomerization of its azobenzene pendants to furnish the cis-isomer content of 21% (<sup>Azo</sup>MOF<sup>21%</sup>) in 30 min at the photostationary state and underwent backward isomerization into <sup>Azo</sup>MOF<sup>1%</sup> upon either irradiation with visible light (420-480 nm) or heating. When the cis-isomer content increased, the diffusion rate and amount of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbed into the nanochannels of <sup>Azo</sup>MOF decreased considerably. When erythrosine B, a polarity-probing guest, was used, it showed a red shift upon exposure of <sup>Azo</sup>MOF<sup>20%</sup>⊃EB to visible light, indicating that the interior environment of <sup>Azo</sup>MOF turns less polar as the trans-isomer content becomes higher. In sharp contrast, the adsorption profiles of <sup>Azo</sup>MOF<sup>15%</sup> and <sup>Azo</sup>MOF<sup>1%</sup> for Ar having an analogous kinetic diameter to CO<sub>2</sub> but no quadrupole moment and a smaller polarizability were virtually identical to one another. Therefore, it is likely that CO<sub>2</sub> experiences a dominant effect of a polar effect rather than a steric effect in the crystalline nanochannels.
Poliovirus 3C proteinase inhibition by organotelluranes (2011)

The 3C proteinase, essential for human poliovirus (PV) replication, has unique characteristics as its three-dimensional structure resembles chymotrypsin, but its catalytic nucleophile is a cysteine SH group rather than the OH group of serine. Here, we describe the use of tellurium compounds as inhibitors of PV3C proteinase. A rapid, stoichiometric and covalent inactivation of PV3C was observed with both a chloro-telluroxetane and a bis-vinylic organotellurane. These compounds also inhibit human cathepsins B, L, S, and K with second order rate constants higher than those obtained for PV3C. Chloro-telluroxetane inhibits replication of PV in human embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma cells in the low micromolar range and below the toxic level for the host cells. Bis-vinylic organotellurane is more effective as antiviral agent but reduces the cell viability by 20% at 10 μm, a concentration almost completely inhibiting virus growth. This is the first description of inhibition of viral 3C proteinase with antiviral property by this class of compounds.
From Packets to XLFrames: Sand and Rocks for Transfer of Mice and Elephants (2009)

Looking into the future, this paper presents the effects of having packets of large sizes, called XLFrames (XLFs), in a network. The analysis is motivated by the fact that the Internet is soon to witness stupendous amounts of traffic that have to be processed and switched at amplifying line rates; and this brings forth multiple challenges in the form of energy efficiency, network performance and end-host performance. Increasing the size of packets in the Internet has far-reaching incentives that otherwise appear hard to achieve. We foresee an Internet that multiplexes both packets (sand) and XLFs (rocks). As a first step, we analyse the effects of introducing XLFs in a network, and find the following: (i) the amount of packet-header processing is greatly reduced, (ii) while the fair multiplexing of XLFs with standard packets can be achieved using a careful queue management in routers.
Chronic allograft dysfunction: mechanisms and new approaches to therapy. (2000)

Renal allograft failure is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease beyond the early posttransplantation period, accounting for 25% to 30% of patients awaiting renal transplantation. Despite recent advances in immunosuppressive therapy, improvements in long-term graft survival have not been commensurate with those observed in 1-year graft survival. The most common cause of chronic allograft loss is an incompletely understood clinicopathological entity sometimes called chronic rejection, chronic allograft dysfunction or in the case of kidneys, chronic allograft nephropathy. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for the characteristic pathological changes are still unclear, it is generally agreed that both alloantigen-dependent and alloantigen-independent factors influence the development of chronic allograft nephropathy. This article will address the potential mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of chronic dysfunction in solid organ grafts and the current approaches to management, including newer therapies designed to prevent the progression of the disease.
Peri and stereoselectivity effects in the intramolecular [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction of phenylsulfonyl-substituted allenes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeri and stereoselectivity effects in the intramolecular [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction of phenylsulfonyl-substituted allenesAlbert Padwa, Michelle A. Filipkowski, Michael Meske, Scott H. Watterson, and Zhijie NiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 9, 3776–3777Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00062a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00062a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Antithrombogenicity of lumbrokinase‐immobilized polyurethane (1994)

Lumbrokinase is a potent fibrinolytic enzyme purified from the earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus. We immobilized 18 IU/cm2 of lumbrokinase to polyurethane using maleic anhydride methylvinyl ether copolymer (MAMEC) as an enzyme carrier, and the proteolytic and fibrinolytic activities of immobilized lumbrokinase were assayed. Immobilized lumbrokinase retained about 34% of its activity, compared with soluble lumbrokinase activity. Immobilized lumbrokinase showed stability against thermal inactivation and degradation and within a various pH range. The optimal pH of immobilized lumbrokinase shifted 1.0 pH unit upward compared with soluble enzyme. Upon exposure to the human whole blood, less amount of 125I-fibrinogen was adsorbed to lumbrokinase-immobilized surface than to the polyurethane control surface. The lumbrokinase-immobilized surface showed less platelet adhesion than did the MAMEC-grafted surface. At the early stage of platelet adhesion, the number of adhered platelets increased on the lumbrokinase-immobilized surface with increasing time; yet, the platelet number drastically decreased on the lumbrokinase-immobilized surface after 80 min incubation. This suggests that lumbrokinase-immobilized polyurethane digested the adsorbed fibrinogen and inhibited platelet adhesion on the surface, probably by inhibiting fibrinogen adsorption to be highly antithrombogenic. Clinical applications of this material to artificial organs should be developed in the near future.
Influence of acute-phase proteins on erythrocyte aggregation (1996)

With the exception of fibrinogen, immunoglobulins, and albumin, little information is available on the effect of acute-phase proteins on erythrocyte aggregation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of haptoglobin (Hp), C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin (Cp), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AGP), and alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) on the aggregation kinetics and shear resistance of erythrocyte aggregates. The plasma concentration of these proteins was measured in 20 healthy individuals and kept unchanged while the concentration of the protein tested was increased. Adding Hp to concentrations between 2.78 and 4.99 g/l resulted in a significant progressive increase in aggregation kinetics compared with controls. An elevation of the shear resistance of the aggregates was found for CRP at a concentration of 0.438 g/l. By an increase in the concentration of Cp from 4.40 to 9.39 g/l, the aggregation kinetics and the adhesive forces between erythrocytes were significantly increased: No effect on erythrocyte aggregation was observed for alpha 1-AGP, alpha 1-AT, and Cp at concentrations of 2.85, 3.97, and 2.43 g/l, respectively. The molecular mass of the acute-phase proteins, their configuration, and the presence of specific receptors on the erythrocyte membrane are postulated as possible factors influencing erythrocyte aggregation.
Fast Current Control of the Single-phase DC-AC Converter Using Digital Peak Current Mode Control (2019)

Peak current mode controlled converters can be made in a small size because it has fast response to suppress overshoot current, which can decrease the maximum rated current of various components such as a grid interconnected reactor, switching devices, etc. This paper presents a digital peak current mode controlled single-phase DC-AC converter with a new current control method which can reduce harmonic distortion of output current. This converter is mainly composed of a half-bridge at DC input side, full- bridge at AC output side and a reactor which is connected to the two bridges. The new current control method can estimate and compensate the drop of reactor current which is caused by current ripple and slope compensation. We performed experiments using a prototype converter rated at 3.3kW. The results showed that the proposed method could reduce the harmonic distortion of the output current. Furthermore, the effectiveness for suppression of overshoot current caused by disturbance of the AC grid voltage is also verified.
The Minimal Model Of Glucose Disappearance: Relaxing The Error-free Insulin Input Assumption (2005)

The glucose minimal model is used to estimate important metabolic parameters from the data collected during a dynamic experiment, in which glucose and insulin concentrations are sampled at discrete times after an impulsive glucose load. Insulin is regarded as a noise-free forcing input to the model, while glucose is the noisy output. In this study we evaluate the consequences of the error-free input assumption via MonteCarlo simulations. Then we present an alternative approach which takes the insulin measurement error explicitly into account in model identification. This requires however to model also insulin secretion and kinetics in order to describe the insulin concentration time course. Its use improves the precision of model parameter estimates, as compared to the first approach, at the expenses of providing additional knowledge about the system.
The role of viscosity in the impulse diffraction field of elastic waves induced by the acoustic radiation force (2004)

Several ultrasound-based techniques for the estimation of soft tissue elasticity are currently being investigated. Most of them study the medium response to dynamic excitations. Such responses are usually modeled in a purely elastic medium using a Green's function solution of the motion equation. However, elasticity by itself is not necessarily a discriminant parameter for malignancy diagnosis. Modeling viscous properties of tissues could also be of great interest for tumor characterization. We report in this paper an explicit derivation of the Green's function in a viscous and elastic medium taking into account shear, bulk, and coupling waves. From this theoretical calculation, 3D simulations of mechanical waves in viscoelastic soft tissues are presented. The relevance of the viscoelastic Green's function is validated by comparing simulations with experimental data. The experiments were conducted using the supersonic shear imaging (SSI) technique which dynamically and remotely excites tissues using acoustic radiation force. We show that transient shear waves generated with SSI are modeled very precisely by the Green's function formalism. The combined influences of out-of-plane diffraction, beam shape, and shear viscosity on the shape of transient waves are carefully studied as they represent a major issue in ultrasound-based viscoelasticity imaging techniques.
Acidic pH promotes lipopolysaccharide modification and alters colonization in a bacteria–animal mutualism (2019)

Environmental pH can be an important cue for symbiotic bacteria as they colonize their eukaryotic hosts. Using the model mutualism between the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and the Hawaiian bobtail squid, we characterized the bacterial transcriptional response to acidic pH experienced during the shift from planktonic to host-associated lifestyles. We found several genes involved in outer membrane structure were differentially expressed based on pH, indicating alterations in membrane physiology as V. fischeri initiates its symbiotic program. Exposure to host-like pH increased the resistance of V. fischeri to the cationic antimicrobial peptide polymixin B, which resembles antibacterial molecules that are produced by the squid to select V. fischeri from the ocean microbiota. Using a forward genetic screen, we identified a homolog of eptA, a predicted phosphoethanolamine transferase, as critical for antimicrobial defense. We used MALDI-MS to verify eptA as an ethanolamine transferase for the lipid-A portion of V. fischeri lipopolysaccharide. We then used a DNA pulldown approach to discover that eptA transcription is activated by the global regulator H-NS. Finally, we revealed that eptA promotes successful squid colonization by V. fischeri, supporting its potential role in initiation of this highly specific symbiosis.
A Computational Study of the Mixture Preparation in a Direct–Injection Hydrogen Engine (2015)

This paper reports the validation of a three-dimensional numerical simulation of the mixture preparation in a direct-injection (DI) hydrogen-fueled engine. Computational results from the commercial code CONVERGE are compared to the experimental data obtained from an optically accessible engine. The geometry used in the simulation is a passenger-car sized, four-stroke, and spark-ignited engine. The simulation includes the geometry of the combustion chamber as well as the intake and exhaust ports. The hydrogen is supplied at 100 bar from a centrally located injector with a single-hole nozzle. The comparison between the simulation and experimental data is made on the central vertical plane. The fuel mole concentration and flow field are compared during the compression stroke at different crank angles (CA). The comparison shows good agreement between the numerical and experimental results during the early stage of the compression stroke. The penetration of the jet and the interaction with the cylinder walls are correctly predicted. The fuel spreading is under predicted which results in differences in flow field and fuel mixture during the injection between experimental and numerical results. At the end of the injection, the fuel distribution shows some disagreement which gradually increases during the rest of the simulation.
Contact Control to the Outside Environment using Force Sensor and Vision Sensor (2003)

In the contact work using the vision sensor, the contact itself is not realized when the distance to a subject estimates short. On the other hand, when the distance to an object estimates for a long time, there is a possibility that excessive shock power may occur, at the time of contact. Therefore, high accuracy is required of the position information acquired from a vision sensor. In this research, we built the vision servo system, which used active vision system, and realized highly precise position control by proposing the off-line calibration method. Moreover, the contact work by the system was done and the usefulness of this technique was proved.
Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (2004)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a term that includes both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the risk factors for VTE. The clinical applications of molecular techniques have facilitated identification of important inherited, yet not uncommon risk factors for VTE. Factor V Leiden (1–5) and prothrombin G20210A mutation (6–10) are among the most common. Such progress raised many questions regarding the need for and duration of anticoagulation.
Single‐Event Upset Circuit Solutions (2019)

This chapter will focus on circuit solutions for radiation hardening in arrays, to chip architectures. The chapter will discuss bipolar static random-access memories (SRAMs), CMOS DRAMs (dynamic read access memory), CMOS four-device SRAM cells, CMOS six-device SRAM cells, CMOS DRAM arrays with CMOS SRAM error correction code (ECC), to CMOS SRAM cells with redundancy (e.g. 12-device SRAM cells) to CMOS systems with ECC.
Unexpectedly high second-order nonlinear optical properties of simple Ru and Pt alkynyl complexes as an analytical springboard for NLO-active polymer films (2014)

The unexpectedly high quadratic hyperpolarizability values of simple Ru and Pt alkynyl complexes have been measured by the EFISH technique, and this prompted us to investigate their potential as molecular building blocks for composite films with second harmonic generation properties.
Data from The Septin-Binding Protein Anillin Is Overexpressed in Diverse Human Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Anillin is an actin-binding protein that can bind septins and is a component of the cytokinetic ring. We assessed the anillin expression in 7,579 human tissue samples and cell lines by DNA microarray analysis. Anillin is expressed ubiquitously but with variable levels of expression, being highest in the central nervous system. The median level of anillin mRNA expression was higher in tumors than normal tissues (median fold increase 2.58; 95% confidence intervals, 2.19-5.68, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) except in the central nervous system where anillin mRNA levels were lower in tumors. We developed a sensitive reverse transcription-PCR strategy to show that anillin mRNA is expressed in cell lines and in cDNA panels derived from fetal and adult tissues, thus validating the microarray data. We compared anillin with Ki67 mRNA expression and found a significant linear relationship between anillin and Ki67 mRNA expression (Spearmann &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; ∼ 0.6, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). Anillin mRNA expression was analyzed during tumor progression in breast, ovarian, kidney, colorectal, hepatic, lung, endometrial, and pancreatic tumors and in all tissues there was progressive increase in anillin mRNA expression from normal to benign to malignant to metastatic disease. Finally, we used anti-anillin sera and found nuclear anillin immunoreactivity to be widespread in normal tissues, often not correlating with proliferative compartments. These data provide insight into the existence of nonproliferation-associated activities of anillin and roles in interphase nuclei. Thus, anillin is overexpressed in diverse common human tumors, but not simply as a consequence of being a proliferation marker. Anillin may have potential as a novel biomarker.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
New Strategies for Designing Receptors and Preparing Ultra-Sensitive Chemically Selective Electrode Surfaces (2003)

Abstract : Our research efforts have been focused on the design and synthesis of macrocyclic complexes based on the 'Weak-Link Approach' and their applications for recognition and separation technologies. Several important research discoveries have been made over the course of the project. A more thorough understanding of the fundamental parameters that control the formation of macrocyclic receptors formed via the Weak-Link Approach has been developed. In addition, novel hemilabile ligands that have used to form a new class of macrocycles referred to as 'molecular tweezers' have been designed. These structures can recognize molecule based on size, shape and the ability to form tt-stacking interactions. Using the Weak-Link Approach we have also synthesized a stable Rh(II) species, a set of chiral macrocyclic receptors and a series of heterobimetallic macrocyclic structures. This provides us with a library of compounds to investigate in future sensing applications. In the area of signal transduction, we have developed several fluorescent systems that utilize a new class of highly fluorescent ligands and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). Their receptor and molecular sensing properties has been investigated.
Use of an Extracorporeal Arteriovenous Tubing Loop to Measure Cardiac Output in Intensive Care Unit Patients by Ultrasound Velocity Dilution (1998)

Thermodilution cardiac output (CO) measurement requires heart catheterization and is known as a risk factor. The existing cannula in the radial artery in intensive care unit (ICU) patients can be used to measure CO by ultrasound dilution (COus). An arteriovenous shunt between the radial artery and cubital vein was created using a 25 cm tubing loop. An ultrasound flow dilution sensor was clamped on the tubing and connected to a modified HD01 monitor (Transonic Systems, Inc., Ithaca, NY). Calibration injections of 1 ml 0.9% NaCl were injected into the tubing. An intravenous bolus injection consisted of 10-20 ml 0.9% NaCl. Simultaneously, CO was measured by thermal dilution (COth; MI 166A, Hewlett Packard, Andover, MA). Each value for COth or COus was based on the average of three to five injections. Blood flow through the shunt was 10 to 26 ml/min. The comparison was made on 14 patients. In 33 measurements, the regression equation was COth = -0.08 + 1.02 COus (r = 0.97). In 22 cases, the difference between COth and COus was less than 5%, in 9 cases it was in the range of 5-10%, and in 2 cases it was in the range of 10-20%. The presence of arterial and venous lines in an ICU setting obviates the need for cardiac catheterization for the determination of CO.
System-Level Design and Simulation of Nanomemories and Nanoprocessors (2018)

This chapter describes in detail system designs and system simulations for electronic nanocomputers that are integrated on the molecular scale. Here, these systems are considered as consisting primarily of the combination of two component subsystems: nanomemories and nanoprocessors. Challenges are enumerated for the design and development of both of these ultra-densely integrated components. Various system-level designs or architectures are presented that have been proposed to meet these challenges. Detailed consideration is given for both nanomemories and nanoprocessors to system designs based upon arrays of crossed nanowires. In each case, a system simulation is performed to assess and help optimize the prospective performance of the system component in advance of its fabrication. In the ongoing development of crossbar nanocomputer systems, these simulations have been integral to the refinement of designs because they assist in reducing the time and cost of such development.
EISIC 2019 Keynotes (2019)

These keynotes discusses the following: Cyber Training Activities of the European Security and Defence College, Understanding Firmware Forensics using the Trusted Platform Module, AI: Trustworthy or Not on Software Security?, A Glimpse of 5G Security: Challenges and Opportunities, Upcoming Global Initiative Report.