gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐4, interleukin‐5, and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor receptor expression in chronic sinusitis and response to topical steroids (1998)

Chronic sinusitis and its associated eosinophilic infiltrate are believed to be mediated, at least in part, by the upregulation of Th-2 cytokines, including interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Interleukin-4 is involved in IgE production and in eosinophil recruitment through upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Interleukin-5 and GM-CSF are involved in eosinophil growth and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of receptors for these cytokines in the sinus mucosa of subjects with chronic sinusitis. Using the technique of in situ hybridization to detect specific cytokine receptor messenger RNA, we studied the sinus mucosa of subjects with nonallergic chronic sinusitis, subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis, subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis treated with topical steroids, and normal controls. Our data demonstrate higher expression of interleukin-4 receptor in subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis than in controls (p < 0.001) and higher expression of interleukin-5 receptor in both subjects with nonallergic chronic sinusitis and subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis than in controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The expression of interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-5 receptor was higher in subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis than in subjects with nonallergic chronic sinusitis (p < 0.001). GM-CSF receptor expression was also found to be higher in subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis and subjects with nonallergic chronic sinusitis than in controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). In contrast to interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-5 receptor, however, expression of GM-CSF receptor was higher in subjects with nonallergic chronic sinusitis than in subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis (p < 0.001). In subjects with allergic chronic sinusitis treated with topical corticosteroids, the expression of interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-5 receptor messenger RNA levels was significantly lower than levels in patients with allergic chronic sinusitis who were not taking topical steroids (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Steroid treatment had no effect on GM-CSF receptor messenger RNA expression. In conclusion, our data support a role for Th-2 cytokine receptors in the pathophysiology of chronic sinusitis. Further, our data lend support to the theory that differential activation of distinct cytokine pathways mediates inflammation in chronic sinusitis depending on whether there is associated allergy. Finally, treatment with topical corticosteroids has been demonstrated in chronic sinusitis to downregulate receptors for interleukin-4 and interleukin-5.
Morphological Changes under Strain for Different Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Monitored by SAXS Related to Strain at Break (2015)

In tensile tests of six different hand‐cast thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) with a hard‐segment content = 0.51, the volume fraction of hard domains ( v h ) has been tracked. The materials exhibit a linear increase up to a strain of ≈0.5 (strain‐induced phase separation). Thereafter a linear decrease of v h is indicated. When stretched by 100% about 25% of the initially present hard domains are destroyed. The extrapolation to v h = 0 is close to the elongation at break. Characteristic materials parameters are suggested by the found relation. The tests (maximum strain: 3) are monitored by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The morphology is closer to particle scattering than that of machine‐processed material. Therefore the longitudinal scattering appears fittable by a 1D statistical model that separates the weak discrete scattering from the height distribution of hard domains, whose weight returns the variation of v h with the strain. All TPUs are based on 4,4 ′ ‐methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The other raw components are systematically varied. Two MDI units determine the height of the average hard domain. The variation of v h with strain is described by a tensile augmentation (in analogy to the tensile strength) which is realized at an end‐of‐growth strain. The following hard domain destruction is governed by a consumption factor. Deviations between extrapolated and measured strain at break may be related to the TPU composition. image
Hyperpolarized Gas Imaging (1996)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 The Gas Polarization Process 3 Imaging of Polarized Gas 4 Conclusions 5 Biographical Sketch Related Article
Bandgap‐Tunable Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites with High Thermal Stability for Efficient Solar Cells (2016)

Highest reported efficiency cesium lead halide perovskite solar cells are realized by tuning the bandgap and stabilizing the black perovskite phase at lower temperatures. CsPbI2Br is employed in a planar architecture device resulting in 9.8% power conversion efficiency and over 5% stabilized power output. Offering substantially enhanced thermal stability over their organic based counterparts, these results show that all-inorganic perovskites can represent a promising next step for photovoltaic materials. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Polymer-plasticizer coatings for shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors for long-term monitoring of BTEX analytes in liquid-phase (2016)

This work investigates polymer-plasticizer blends to develop a new class of sensor coatings for long-term groundwater monitoring of organic compounds. Detection limits of 35 μg/L for benzene are reported, and data on long-term repeatability of the SH-SAW sensor response are presented.
Calcul de déformations de structures filaires. Application à des images RMN de cerveau (1994)

National audience
Strain control of silicon-vacancy centers in diamond nanophotonic devices (2019)

We present a nano-electromechanical platform for controlling optical transitions from spatially separated color centers in diamond waveguides. We use this technology to greatly suppress spectral diffusion and demonstrate entanglement between separate emitters.
Antivirals for Treatment of Influenza (2012)

Therapy with oral oseltamivir and inhaled zanamivir may provide a net benefit over no treatment of influenza. However, as with the randomized trials, the confidence in the estimates of the effects for decision making is low to very low. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCES: World Health Organization and McMaster University.
Effects of load unbalance on multipoint measurement techniques for assessing the responsibility for PQ degradation (2005)

The problem of locating the sources of the harmonic distortion in power networks is still a critical task. Several methods based on multipoint measurement techniques have been recently proposed in the literature for harmonic pollution monitoring. The main goal of this study is to compare the two most powerful tools designed for this purpose and to evaluate their behavior in the presence of either balanced or unbalanced polluting loads. In this paper the results of both computer simulations on an IEEE test network and simultaneous measurements on ad-hoc experimental benchmark power system are presented to highlight the strong interaction between distortion and unbalance.
A low-complexity multirate channel selector transmit filter bank with reconfigurable bandwidth (2005)

Filter banks are efficient and essential signal processing blocks for design and implementation of multirate multiband communications and signaling. In this paper, we analytically study and derive the optimum choice of design parameters and filter bank structure to minimize complexity and implementation cost for a low-complexity multirate channel selector transmit filter bank with reconfigurable bandwidth. The optimization is performed on two fronts. We first perform system-level analysis to define the optimum choice of filter parameters. Then through a hardware-level optimization, an efficient IFIR-based multirate filter bank structure is introduced that results in at least a factor of 4 complexity reduction over the best baseline design from 1020 multipliers with 6.375 GOPS to 232 multipliers with 1.45 GOPS
Deformable membrane mirror with high actuator density and distributed control (2007)

Progress on the construction of a deformable mirror with 427 actuators is presented. The mirror consists of a thin continuous membrane on which actuators impose the out-of-plane displacements. Low voltage electro-magnetical push pull actuators are used. The stiffness of the actuator is chosen high enough to avoid mechanical resonances below 1 kHz and to avoid large coupling, but still low enough to be called a soft actuator and to limit the power dissipation to a few mWs per actuator. The actuators are arranged in 7 hexagonal grid modules of 61 actuators. With a pitch of 6 mm, this results in a 48 mm wide hexagonal plate. Each grid has its own 61 channel, 14 bits driving electronics. The drive electronics are designed for low power dissipation and make use of Pulse Width Modulation. A multi-drop LVDS connection provides up to 16 modules with a 1 kHz update rate. Both communication and power is provided through this single cable. In the prototype 7 of these modules are placed on a stable and stiff reference support structure. The modular design makes it possible to extend the mirror to very large numbers of actuators. The deformable mirror by its local influence functions suits the use of distributed control algorithms. A companion paper will report on the control algorithm developments. The 427-channel prototype is to be implemented in the existing breadboard setup at TNO Science and Industry together with a wavefront emulator, wavefront sensor and distributed control algorithm.
Robust Neural Machine Translation with Joint Textual and Phonetic Embedding (2019)

Neural machine translation (NMT) is notoriously sensitive to noises, but noises are almost inevitable in practice. One special kind of noise is the homophone noise, where words are replaced by other words with similar pronunciations. 1 We propose to improve the robustness of NMT to homophone noises by 1) jointly embedding both textual and phonetic information of source sentences, and 2) augmenting the training dataset with homophone noises. Interestingly, to achieve better translation quality and more robustness, we found that most (though not all) weights should be put on the phonetic rather than textual information. Experiments show that our method not only significantly improves the robustness of NMT to homophone noises, but also surprisingly improves the translation quality on some clean test sets.
Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDs and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society (2013)

reviews the literature on the use of butterbur extract for migraine prophylaxis and concludes that it has the potential for serious toxicity
An Approach to Fixed/Mobile Converged Routing (2000)

We consider a family of routing protocols for networks in which the core topology is essentially fixed but where the end systems may be mobile. We refer to this form of routing as Fixed/Mobile Converged (FMC) routing. This is a mixture of the traditional prefix-routed scenario of the fixed Internet, and the classical edge mobility scenario that is today supported by cellular networks, primarily as part of the cellular technology elements (GSM, GPRS, etc). We outline a general architecture for the support of such edge mobility, and present an approach to FMC routing that fits within this architecture. We then present initial simulation results illustrating the potential scalability and routing efficiency of this approach. 1.
Of mice and men: a novel dietary supplement for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (2017)

Coltect may serve as a first-line or add-on therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate UC.
Molecular diagnosis of endometrial cancer from uterine aspirates (2013)

Rapid and reliable diagnosis of endometrial cancer (EC) in uterine aspirates is highly desirable. Current sensitivity and failure rate of histological diagnosis limit the success of this method and subsequent hysteroscopy is often necessary. Using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction on RNA from uterine aspirates samples, we measured the expression level of 20 previously identified genes involved in EC pathology, created five algorithms based on combinations of five genes and evaluated their ability to diagnose EC. The algorithms were tested in a prospective, double-blind, multicenter study. We enlisted 514 patients who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. EC was diagnosed in 60 of the 514 patients (12%). Molecular analysis was performed on the remnants of aspirates and results were compared to the final histological diagnoses obtained through biopsies acquired by aspiration or guided by hysteroscopy, or from the specimens resected by hysterectomy. Algorithm 5 was the best performing molecular diagnostic classifier in the case-control and validation study. The molecular test had a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 96%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 75% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97%. A combination of the molecular and histological diagnosis had a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 97%, PPV of 79% and NPV of 99% and the cases that could be diagnosed on uterine aspirate rose from 76 to 93% when combined with the molecular test. Incorporation of the molecular diagnosis increases the reliability of a negative diagnosis, reduces the need for hysteroscopies and helps to identify additional cases.
Impact of smoking on patient outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (2018)

The minimal clinically important difference was achieved for ASES, WORC and VAS pain in both smokers and non-smokers, suggesting both groups substantially benefit from arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Smokers tend to present with larger tears and worse initial outcome scores, and they have a lower functional improvement in response to surgery.
Perceptual Metrics for Static and Dynamic Triangle Meshes (2013)

Abstract Almost all mesh processing procedures cause some more or less visible changes in the appearance of objects represented by polygonal meshes. In many cases, such as mesh watermarking, simplification or lossy compression, the objective is to make the change in appearance negligible, or as small as possible, given some other constraints. Measuring the amount of distortion requires taking into account the final purpose of the data. In many applications, the final consumer of the data is a human observer, and therefore the perceptibility of the introduced appearance change by a human observer should be the criterion that is taken into account when designing and configuring the processing algorithms. In this review, we discuss the existing comparison metrics for static and dynamic (animated) triangle meshes. We describe the concepts used in perception‐oriented metrics used for 2D image comparison, and we show how these concepts are employed in existing 3D mesh metrics. We describe the character of subjective data used for evaluation of mesh metrics and provide comparison results identifying the advantages and drawbacks of each method. Finally, we also discuss employing the perception‐correlated metrics in perception‐oriented mesh processing algorithms.
A Simple Method for the Preparation and Selective Functionalization of 4,5‐Diaminopyrazoles. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cobalt hydrotalcite for the steam reforming of ethanol with scarce carbon production (2012)

Co/Mg/Al hydrotalcite-type catalysts have been loaded onto ceramic honeycombs and tested in the ethanol steam reforming (ESR) reaction for producing hydrogen under practical conditions. In contrast with previously reported cobalt-based systems, the formation of carbon was scarce. This has been ascribed to the unique formation of traces of metallic cobalt particles under reaction conditions, as inferred from HRTEM, magnetic measurements, and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments. The best catalytic performance has been exhibited by the catalyst derived from the hydrotalcite with a Co:Mg:Al molar ratio of 1 : 2 : 1, where CoAl spinel and CoO strongly interacting with MgO phases have been identified.
Cationic phosphine ligands with phenylguanidinium modified xanthene moieties—a successful concept for highly regioselective, biphasic hydroformylation of oct-1-ene in hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids (2001)

New guanidinium-modified diphosphine ligands with a xanthene backbone show high overall activity and high regioselectivity in the biphasic hydroformylation of oct-1-ene using hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids.
Selective Transfer of Rotationally Commensurate MoS2 from an Epitaxially Grown van der Waals Heterostructure (2018)

Large-scale synthesis of high-quality two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors is critical for their incorporation in emerging electronic and optoelectronic technologies. In particular, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) via van der Waals epitaxy on epitaxial graphene (EG) leads to rotationally commensurate TMDs in contrast to randomly aligned TMDs grown on amorphous oxide substrates. However, the interlayer coupling between TMDs and EG hinders the investigation and utilization of the intrinsic electronic properties of the resulting TMDs, thus requiring their isolation from the EG growth substrate. To address this issue, we report here a technique for selectively transferring monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) from CVD-grown MoS2-EG van der Waals heterojunctions using copper (Cu) adhesion layers. The choice of Cu as the adhesion layer is motivated by density functional theory calculations that predict the preferential binding of monolayer MoS2 to Cu in contrast to graphene. Atomic force microscopy and optical spectroscopy confirm the large-scale transfer of rotationally commensurate MoS2 onto SiO2/Si substrates without cracks, wrinkles, or residues. Furthermore, the transferred MoS2 shows high performance in field-effect transistors with mobilities of up to 30 cm2/V s and on/off ratios of up to 106 at room temperature. This transfer technique can likely be generalized to other TMDs and related 2D materials grown on EG, thus offering a broad range of benefits in nanoelectronic, optoelectronic, and photonic applications.
CD14 Tobacco Gene–Environment Interaction Modifies Asthma Severity and Immunoglobulin E Levels in Latinos with Asthma (2005)

Our data suggest a gene-by-environment interaction between CD14 genotypes and ETS, which affects pulmonary function and IgE levels among Latinos with asthma.
<title>Supersampling multiframe blind deconvolution resolution enhancement of adaptive-optics-compensated imagery of LEO satellites</title> (2000)

A post-processing methodology for reconstructing undersampled image sequences with randomly varying blur is described which can provide image enhancement beyond the sampling resolution of the sensor. This method is demonstrated on simulated imagery and on adaptive optics compensated imagery taken by the Starfire Optical Range 3.5 meter telescope that has been artificially undersampled. Also shown are the results of multiframe blind deconvolution of some of the highest quality optical imagery of low earth orbit satellites collected with a ground based telescope to date. The algorithm used is a generalization of multiframe blind deconvolution techniques which includes a representation of spatial sampling by the focal plane array elements in the forward stochastic model of the imaging system. This generalization enables the random shifts and shape of the adaptive compensated PSF to be used to partially eliminate the aliasing effects associated with sub- Nyquist sampling of the image by the focal plane array. The method could be used to reduce resolution loss which occurs when imaging in wide FOV modes.
Hydrajet-Fracturing Stimulation Process Proves Effective for Offshore Brazil Horizontal Wells (2004)

Abstract Cased cemented completions have not been the preferred horizontal well completion method in offshore Brazil. Lower-cost solutions such as uncemented, preperforated liners are often used in completing horizontal wells offshore and are usually very effective. Often, however, low producing rates necessitate stimulation treatments for many wells. For some wells, this was the case at initial completion, and for others would be after a year or more of production. Application of conventional stimulation technology has generally been either ineffective or not cost-effective for these lower-producing completions. This situation poses a challenge for the operator to find more effective solutions to continue developing some parts of these fields. Efforts to find a solution have included the re-evaluation of the more expensive cased cemented completion method to provide more effective options for stimulation treatments and attempts to find newer stimulation techniques that can be more effective with the lower-cost completion method using noncemented liners. In the attempt to find an economical yet effective stimulation solution, the operator chose to implement a newly emerging technology: the hydrajet-fracturing process. Although this stimulation technique has a proven success rate in onshore applications, this was the first offshore application. The technique can be applied in either sandstone or carbonate formations, which are both commonplace in offshore Brazil fields. Therefore, stimulation plans in this field include fracture acidizing and propped fracture stimulations with high concentration of proppants [ceramic and/or curable resin-coated proppants (RCPs)]. This paper discusses results from the first few wells in the investigation.Additionally, comparison wells that were completed and evaluated with differentcompletion schemes are reviewed in depth.