gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Difference in Stair Negotiation Ability Based on TKA Surgical Approach (2011)

Several surgical approaches for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been developed to minimize soft-tissue trauma and expedite functional recovery. A group of 61 subjects undergoing computer-navigated, minimally invasive TKA were randomized to receive a mini-parapatellar, standard parapatellar, mini-midvastus (MV), or mini-subvastus approach. Before and after treatment, subjects were asked to negotiate stairs in a self-selected manner. This study used the manner of stair negotiation (i.e., use of handrail, step-over-step, step-by-step) as a proxy for functional ability. Subjects who received TKA through a mini-MV approach demonstrated a significantly lower level of function at 2 and 4 months. If early functional recovery is a goal of TKA, surgeons should be cautious when considering the mini-MV approach, which was found to be inferior to other approaches in this study.
Potential utility of FLAIR in MRI-negative Cushing’s disease (2017)

OBJECTIVE Accurate presurgical localization of microadenomas in Cushing's disease (CD) leads to improved remission rates and decreased adverse events. Volumetric gradient recalled echo (3D-GRE) MRI detects pituitary microadenomas in CD in up to 50%-80% cases as a focus of hypointensity due to delayed contrast wash-in. The authors have previously reported that postcontrast FLAIR imaging may be useful in detecting otherwise MRI-negative pituitary microadenomas as foci of hyperintensity. This reflects theoretically complementary imaging of microadenomas due to delayed contrast washout. The authors report on the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of FLAIR imaging in the detection of microadenomas in patients with CD. METHODS The authors prospectively analyzed imaging findings in 23 patients (24 tumors) with biochemically proven CD who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for CD. Preoperatively, the patients underwent pituitary MRI with postcontrast FLAIR and postcontrast 3D-GRE sequences. RESULTS Postcontrast FLAIR hyperintensity was detected in macroadenomas, and in 3D-GRE-positive or -negative microadenomas. Overall, 3D-GRE was superior in detecting surgically and histopathologically confirmed, location-concordant microadenomas. Of 24 pituitary adenomas, 18 (75%; sensitivity 82%, positive predictive value 95%) were found on 3D-GRE, and 13 (50% [1 was false positive]; sensitivity 55%, positive predictive value 92%) were correctly identified on FLAIR. The stand-alone specificity of 3D-GRE and FLAIR was similar (50%). These results confirm the superiority of 3D-GRE as a stand-alone imaging modality. The authors then tested the utility of FLAIR as a complementary tool to 3D-GRE imaging. All 5 patients with negative 3D-GRE MRI displayed a distinct focus of FLAIR enhancement. Four of those 5 cases (80%) had location-concordant positive histopathological results and achieved postsurgical biochemical remission. The remaining patient was not cured, because resection did not include the region of FLAIR hyperintensity. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that delayed microadenoma contrast washout may be detected as FLAIR hyperintensity in otherwise MRI-negative CD cases. The authors propose adding postcontrast FLAIR sequences to complement 3D-GRE for surgical planning in patients with CD. Clinical trial registration no.: NIH protocol 03-N-0164, NCT00060541 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Crystal Structure of Lu4Si2O7N2 Analyzed by the Rietveld Method Using the Time‐of‐Flight Neutron Powder Diffraction Pattern. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reduced Mobility of Elastomers near a Solid Surface As Measured by Neutron Reflectometry (2001)

The effects of an interacting, hydrophobic silicon surface on the interfacial properties of the immiscible polymer blend polybutadiene (PB) and brominated poly(isobutylene-co-p-methylstyrene) (BIMS) were studied using neutron reflectivity (NR). The results show that an adsorbed polymer layer, approximately 2Rg (Rg is the radius of gyration) thick, is always present at the silicon interface. This observation confirms the existence of an immobile gel-like layer which was invoked by numerous authors to explain the reduced dynamics and anomalous rheological properties of polymers at long distances from interactive substrates. The attractive substrate was also shown to affect the equilibrium interfacial width between the immiscible polymers. Narrowing of the interfacial width was observed only when the layer adjacent to the silicon substrate was less than 3Rg thick, indicating that only chains in direct contact with the interface were affected.
Terahertz reflectometry: a model system for the inverse problem (2002)

Summary form only given. We have performed preliminary reflectance measurements for the purposes of demonstrating the homology between THz reflectometry and acoustic seismography. These measurements have been performed using a newly developed THz system, in which the femtosecond pulse train is delivered to both the transmitter and receiver via single-mode optical fiber. This is an important advantage, since one can move the THz receiver antenna across the table without changing the alignment of the optical gating beam. As a result, one may easily measure the reflected THz field at many different receiver positions.
Detection of abnormal driving using multiple view geometry in space-time (2012)

In this paper, we propose a method for detecting abnormal driving of vehicles, such as meandering, transverse motion and acceleration/deceleration. In particular, we extract abnormal vehicle motions in the sense of group behavior by using multilinear relationship in space-time images. The multilinear relationship in space-time images holds when multiple cameras move with translational motions in different direction with different speed. Therefore abnormal drivings, which are not translational motion with uniform velocity, do not meet the requirement, and the multilinear relationship in space-time images does not hold. We focus on this property, and define the degree of abnormality, which is used for detecting abnormal drivings. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown by real image experiments.
Hybrids of silver nanoparticles with amphiphilic hyperbranched macromolecules exhibiting antimicrobial properties (2002)

Hybrids of silver particles of 1 to 2 nm in size with highly branched amphiphilically modified polyethyleneimines adhere effectively to polar substrates providing environmentally friendly antimicrobial coatings.
Photochemical isomerisation of dimethyl 1,2-dihydropyridazine-1,2-dicarboxylate (1968)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Host laboratory functions for the DoD 2400 bps vocoder selection process (2002)

In order for a test method to yield meaningful results the equipment and procedures used to collect and format data for that test must be accurate and consistent. A laboratory evaluating narrowband digital voice coders must be prepared to generate data for a variety of test methods across numerous voice systems without introducing extraneous variability. This paper describes the functions of the host laboratory for the Department of Defense (DoD) 2400 bps vocoder selection process. The generation of calibrated, representative audio input material and the collection of processed speech is discussed. The inclusion of calibration and reference speech systems, a channel simulator, and a common testbed interface is presented. The implementation of a communicability test method is described. Strict attention to detail in preparation and procedure allow these methods to be the basis for any voice communication system evaluation and selection process.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF A TRANSITION‐METAL CYCLAMPHOSPHORANIDE. A PENTACYCLIC STRUCTURE WITH THE METAL BRIDGING A PHOSPHORUS‐NITROGEN BOND (1982)

Abstract Cyclamphosphoran existiert als 4: l‐Gleichgewichtsmischung aus einem geschlossenen und einem offenen Tautomeren, (I) und (II).
Supplementary Figure 4 from A Recombinant Immunotoxin against the Tumor-Associated Antigen Mesothelin Reengineered for High Activity, Low Off-Target Toxicity, and Reduced Antigenicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 231K, Human antigenicity of SS1-LR/GGS/8M&lt;/p&gt;
Interferometric fiber-optic sensor embedded in a spark plug for in-cylinder pressure measurement in engines (2003)

Pressure sensing in an internal combustion engine with an intrinsic fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) integrated with a spark plug is demonstrated for the first time. The spark plug was used for the ignition of the cylinder in which it was mounted. The FFPI element, protected with a copper/gold coating, was embedded in a groove in the spark-plug housing. Gas pressure inthe engine induced longitudinal strain in this housing, which was also experienced by the fiber-optic sensing element. The sensor was monitored with a signal conditioning unit containing a chirped distributed-feedback laser. Pressure sensitivities as high as 0.00339 radians round-trip phase shift per pounds per square inch of pressure were observed. Measured pressure versus time traces showed good agreement with those from a piezoelectric reference sensor mounted in the same engine cylinder.
ChemInform Abstract: Beneficial Effects of Homogeneous Photo‐Fenton Pretreatment upon the Biodegradation of Anthraquinonesulfonate in Waste Water Treatment. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Vinylogous Nitro-Haloform Reaction Enables Aromatic Amination (2022)

The first example of an aromatic haloform reaction is reported, defining a conceptually new haloform-type approach to the metal-free functionalization of arenes. We demonstrated that heteroarenes bearing a vinylogous nitromethane system, via the stage of a trichloromethane derivative, could undergo aromatic amination to produce N-functionalized arenes in quantitative yields and without the need for transition-metal catalysis. The haloform-type amination was implemented in the development of effective orthogonal N-protection strategies, establishing a new promising N-protecting reagent.
Conversion of Thymidylate Synthase into an HIV Protease Substrate (1996)

Thymidylate synthase (TS) is an essential enzyme of DNA metabolism. We have carried out an extensive insertional mutagenesis of the Escherichia coli TS gene (thyA) using three different methods. Insertion of exogenous sequences at unique restriction sites or at random positions produced defective mutants, whereas comparison of TS sequences from different species allowed us to identify six zones permissive for insertions of exogenous sequences. The insertion of Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease substrate sequences into the permissive sites converted TS to an HIV-1 protease substrate, and the in vivo cleavage of these insertions by the cloned HIV-1 protease conferred a thymidylate synthase-deficient phenotype in some of our E. coli mutant strains. In agreement with crystallographic data, these results show that the permissive sites are located in regions of the TS protein not essential for enzyme activity and accessible to cleavage by HIV protease. These results also show that it is possible to control a growth phenotype in E. coli through the protease-mediated destruction of an essential metabolic enzyme. Because both wild type and thymidylate synthase-deficient phenotypes are selectable on the appropriate growth medium, these thyA mutants could be used for genetic selections of protease inhibitors and analysis of protease specificities.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide might stimulate calcium secretion into the milk of goats (1992)

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has been shown to stimulate the placental calcium pump in pregnant ewes. Recent studies also suggest a physiological role for this peptide during lactation. In the present work, we have studied the possible role of synthetic human PTHrP(1-34), (1-86) and (140-173) fragments on calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium secretion into milk of four adult goats in early lactation. This was done by measuring differences in calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in the carotid artery and superficial epigastric vein, the concentration of these minerals in milk and milk production. Both PTHrP(1-34) and (1-86) fragments stimulated calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium uptake by the mammary gland and secretion into milk, without any significant effect on milk production. Therefore PTHrP might have important physiological roles in the pregnant and/or lactating female, by regulating calcium transport through the placenta and mammary gland.
Mapping the functional versatility and fragility of Ras GTPase signaling circuits through in vitro network reconstitution (2016)

The Ras-superfamily GTPases are central controllers of cell proliferation and morphology. Ras signaling is mediated by a system of interacting molecules: upstream enzymes (GEF/GAP) regulate Ras's ability to recruit multiple competing downstream effectors. We developed a multiplexed, multi-turnover assay for measuring the dynamic signaling behavior of in vitro reconstituted H-Ras signaling systems. By including both upstream regulators and downstream effectors, we can systematically map how different network configurations shape the dynamic system response. The concentration and identity of both upstream and downstream signaling components strongly impacted the timing, duration, shape, and amplitude of effector outputs. The distorted output of oncogenic alleles of Ras was highly dependent on the balance of positive (GAP) and negative (GEF) regulators in the system. We found that different effectors interpreted the same inputs with distinct output dynamics, enabling a Ras system to encode multiple unique temporal outputs in response to a single input. We also found that different Ras-to-GEF positive feedback mechanisms could reshape output dynamics in distinct ways, such as signal amplification or overshoot minimization. Mapping of the space of output behaviors accessible to Ras provides a design manual for programming Ras circuits, and reveals how these systems are readily adapted to produce an array of dynamic signaling behaviors. Nonetheless, this versatility comes with a trade-off of fragility, as there exist numerous paths to altered signaling behaviors that could cause disease.
Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced by vector-boson fusion and decaying to bottom quarks in s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search with the ATLAS detector is presented for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced by vector-boson fusion and decaying to a pair of bottom quarks, using 20.2 fb -1 of LHC proton-proton collision data at s = 8 TeV. The signal is searched for as a resonance in the invariant mass distribution of a pair of jets containing b-hadrons in vector-boson-fusion candidate events. The yield is measured to be -0.8 2.3 times the Standard Model cross-section for a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV. The upper limit on the cross-section times the branching ratio is found to be 4.4 times the Standard Model crosssection at the 95% confidence level, consistent with the expected limit value of 5.4 (5.7) in the background-only (Standard Model production) hypothesis.
Electrochemical Characteristics of LiNi[sub 0.5]Mn[sub 1.5]O[sub 4] Cathodes with Ti or Al Current Collectors (2002)

was prepared and tested as a cathode material with 5 V operation cell voltage. When using Ti mesh current collector, this cathode material did not exhibit good performance, due to the corrosion of Ti mesh current collector. On the other hand, material showed the excellent rechargeability and relatively high discharge capacity when using an Al current collector. A coin-type cell was also constructed to test the practical stability of this cathode material. The discharge capacity was 120 mAh g−1 and the rechargeability was 100% during 30 cycles. The average discharge potential was 4.8 V vs. This electrochemical behavior was much better than and Moreover, the 100% cycleability of this material indicates that the electrolyte decomposition does not take place on this cathode material. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Three mutations switch H7N9 influenza to human-type receptor specificity (2017)

The avian H7N9 influenza outbreak in 2013 resulted from an unprecedented incidence of influenza transmission to humans from infected poultry. The majority of human H7N9 isolates contained a hemagglutinin (HA) mutation (Q226L) that has previously been associated with a switch in receptor specificity from avian-type (NeuAcα2-3Gal) to human-type (NeuAcα2-6Gal), as documented for the avian progenitors of the 1957 (H2N2) and 1968 (H3N2) human influenza pandemic viruses. While this raised concern that the H7N9 virus was adapting to humans, the mutation was not sufficient to switch the receptor specificity of H7N9, and has not resulted in sustained transmission in humans. To determine if the H7 HA was capable of acquiring human-type receptor specificity, we conducted mutation analyses. Remarkably, three amino acid mutations conferred a switch in specificity for human-type receptors that resembled the specificity of the 2009 human H1 pandemic virus, and promoted binding to human trachea epithelial cells.
3D Shape Measurement That Uses the Laser Light (2008)

Non-contact three-dimensional measurement has been widely applied recently. This is because the measurement enabled a new type of shop-floor production (monodukuri) which increased the productivity and made it possible to measure free-form surface which had been impossible in the past. Triangulation 3D scanner is an equipment that realizes the three-dimensional measurement. Especially, the laser probe method is less subject to the color and the luster of the object, so it is a very worthwhile way to measure industrial instrumentation. Details of the scanner are described in this article.
Improvement of Hole Mobility in Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Octyl-substituted Oligo-p-phenylenevinylene by Thermal Treatment at Smectic Liquid Crystalline Phase (2008)

Organic field-effect transistors based on octyl-subustituted oligo-p-phenylenevinylene have been studied. We have succeeded in improving field-effect hole mobilities by thermal treatment at liquid crystalline phase characterized as a highly ordered smectic phase. The field-effect mobility of the device as vacuum-evaporated was calculated to be 6.9×10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 whereas the mobility was enhanced to 1.7×10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1 after annealing the device at 100 °C for 12 h. From the surface morphology of the films observed by using atomic force microscope, the enhancement is found to be attributed to reduction of defect density in the film because of the thermal movement of liquid-crystal molecules.
A Nanogripper Employing Aligned Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (2008)

Nanogripper structures using aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are demonstrated and their electromechanical properties have been studied in this paper. The balance of electrostatic force, together with elastostatic force and van der Waals force determines the driving conditions. A triode structure drastically reduces the bias between two moving parts, which consist of MWCNTs. Low bias also enables low power consumption as well as the reduction of electrical damage to an object. The moving parts can keep the same state without any applied biases after bending and connection. This also enables power saving during driving. The device can be a base structure for various nanorobotic or other nanoelectromechanical devices.
A 64-tap CMOS echo canceller/decision feedback equalizer for 2B1Q HDSL transceivers (1991)

A 60-MHz 64-tap adaptive finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter chip was fabricated in 1.2- mu m CMOS. It can implement either an echo canceler or a decision feedback equalizer for 2B1Q high bit rate digital subscriber line (HDSL) transceivers. The 4.3*4.3 mm/sup 2/, 30000 transistor chip is a completely self-contained adaptive filter which incorporates the least mean square (LMS) algorithm for coefficient updating. The device can be cascaded to implement very long filter lengths, which are often required in high bit rate transceivers. At a 60-MHz clock rate, the echo canceler/decision feedback equalizer chip can accommodate symbol rates in excess of 800 kbaud.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Correlation Between Resistance Degradation and Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current in Acceptor (Mg)‐Doped BaTiO 3 Submicrometer Fine‐Grain Ceramics (2010)

Thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) of acceptor (Mg)‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramics was analyzed for submicrometer fine grain specimens. For a fixed condition of polarization field ( E P ) and polarization time ( t P ), the TSDC associated with an oxygen vacancy relaxation showed two peaks with relaxation temperatures ( T m ) under low polarization temperature ( T P ) conditions. It is inferred that the TSDC peak of the lower T m is due to the relaxation of a distributed space charge within a grain and has a short relaxation time constant (τ 0 ), and the higher T m is due to the long‐range relaxation across grain boundaries with a larger time constant, τ 0 . The onset condition for resistance degradation can be correlated with the breaking point of T P , at which the TSDC peak changes from in‐grain relaxation to across‐grain boundary relaxation. The breaking point of T P and the time to degradation systematically decreased with the increase of acceptor concentration. Such behavior can be correlated with the decrease of T P , T m , τ 0 , and little change of activation energy of relaxation, which is due to the increase of concentration .
Specific contribution of mannose-binding lectin murine isoforms to brain ischemia/reperfusion injury (2019)

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an initiator of the lectin pathway (LP) of complement activation, is detrimental in ischemic stroke, as shown in clinical studies and rodent models. Whereas humans have one functional MBL protein, rodents have two isoforms, MBL-A and MBL-C, whose functions relative to that of human MBL are unknown. To permit the clinical translation of preclinical data, we aimed to define the specific contributions of MBL-A and MBL-C to brain ischemia. We subjected mice with double (MBL<sup>-/-</sup>) or single (MBL-A<sup>-/-</sup> or MBL-C<sup>-/-</sup>) MBL isoform depletion to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). MBL<sup>-/-</sup> mice had fewer neurological deficits and smaller ischemic lesions than WT mice. MBL-A<sup>-/-</sup> mice had smaller lesions than WT mice and exhibited no significant behavioral defects, whereas MBL-C<sup>-/-</sup> mice did not differ from WT mice. The induction of Mbl1 and Mbl2 (the MBL-A and MBL-C genes) expression 48 h after tMCAo was similar across genotypes. The time course of Mbl1 and Mbl2 expression in WT ischemic mice showed that Mbl1 activation occurred earlier (24 h) than Mbl2 activation (48 h). The plasma levels of MBL-A and MBL-C in MBL-C<sup>-/-</sup> and MBL-A<sup>-/-</sup> mice, respectively, were similar to those in WT mice both at baseline and at 48 h after tMCAo. At 48 h, MBL-A<sup>-/-</sup> ischemic mice showed higher MBL-C levels in the brain than WT mice. WT and MBL-C<sup>-/-</sup> ischemic mice had higher LP activity in plasma and, accordingly, higher levels of C3 deposition in the brain than MBL-A<sup>-/-</sup> and MBL<sup>-/-</sup> mice. In conclusion, mice with depletion of both MBL isoforms exhibited strong protection from ischemia/reperfusion injury. MBL-A was the main contributor to injury, likely owing to its earlier activation after ischemia and more efficient activation of the complement system than MBL-C.