gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
0279 Sleep Hygiene for Sleep Health in the General Population: What Does Data From Consumer Sleep Technology Tell Us? (2023)

Abstract Introduction Despite being used and widely recommended since the 1970s, few studies have examined whether adherence to sleep hygiene practices affect objectively measured sleep in non-clinical populations. While individual components of sleep hygiene such as limiting caffeine and alcohol consumption are clearly related to sleep by plausible physiological and psychosocial mechanisms, the real-world evidence of overall sleep hygiene practices on sleep is surprisingly inconsistent. Here, we examined the association between self-reported sleep hygiene practices and objectively measured sleep in a general population. Methods Responses to a survey on sleep hygiene were used and matched with objective sleep data, resulting in data from 720 users (mean age: 52.5 ± 15.9, 63.4% female). Objective sleep data across 92,808 nights were included in the analysis from the PSG-validated SleepScore Mobile Application, which uses a non-contact sonar-based method to capture sleep-related metrics and self-reported lifestyle. Self-reported sleep hygiene practices were assessed with 13-items on a 5-point scale ranging from “Never” to “Always”. Descriptive statistics and linear regressions were used for the analysis, controlling for age and gender. Results Overall, the top three most frequented poor sleep hygiene practices were going to bed at different times (29.7%), overthinking/worrying in bed (24.0%), and waking at different times (22.7%). Linear regressions revealed a significant negative association between composite sleep hygiene scores and objective sleep measures, whereby poorer sleep hygiene was associated with significant reductions in total sleep time (ß=-0.89, SE=0.33, p&amp;lt; 0.01), REM duration (ß=-0.24, SE=0.10, p&amp;lt; 0.05), and SleepScore (ß=-0.15, SE=0.05, p&amp;lt; 0.01), an objective sleep quality metric. No significant associations were observed between individual sleep hygiene factors and objectively measured sleep. Conclusion While we could not identify a relationship between individual hygiene factors and sleep, poorer aggregated sleep hygiene scores were associated with poorer objectively measured sleep. Thus, sleep health may not be defined by one single behavior, but rather by the sum of its parts. Future work should examine the efficacy of personalized sleep hygiene factors in sub-clinical populations, where targeted sleep hygiene education may be preferred given it is more intuitive and less burdensome than other behavioral interventions. Support (if any) SleepScore Labs
Developing a Scalable System for Biorecovery of Critical Materials from Industrial Waste with Gluconobacter Oxydans (2016)

Organic acid production by Gluconobacter oxydans has been proposed as part of a potential economical and environmentally friendly heterotrophic bioleaching process for recovery of rare earth elements from industrial waste. To provide organic acids in a quantity and at a rate useful for commercial bioleaching, continuous culture of the acid-producing organism will be necessary. The objective of this research project was to determine optimal conditions for continuous cultivation of G. oxydans for production of organic acids. Cultures were subjected to dilution rates ranging from .05 hr-1 to .38 hr-1 to determine the optimum conditions for production of lixiviant agents. Previous studies have identified methods for maximizing production of gluconic acid and 2,5-diketogluconic acid from G. oxydans, yet the utilization of these and other unidentified G. oxydans metabolites for leaching of rare earth metals is largely unexplored. Continuous cultures exhibited sustained organic acid production for at least 110 hours, while batch fermentations showed slowed growth rates after 16 hours. Several parameters, namely optical density, dissolved oxygen, organic acid concentration and pH, were monitored to characterize the steady state conditions of the fermentation process. The observed trend was increasing acidity with decreasing dilution rates, as the lowest dilution rate of 0.05 hr-1 yielded the highest gluconic acid concentration of 176 mM and lowest pH of 2.20. Trace amounts of 2,5-diketogluconic acid were detected only at the 0.05 hr-1 dilution rate, likely because the pH of the bioreactors was not maintained within the window for gluconate dehydrogenase activity [Silberbach, M., et al., Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2003. 62(1): p. 92-8].
Immunogenic properties of modified antigen E. III. Effect of repeated injections of modified antigen on immunocompetent cells specific for native antigen. (1975)

It has been shown that ragweed antigen E loses its major antigenic determinants after denaturation in 8 M urea, but urea-denatured (UD) antigen and an alpha-polypeptide chain isolated from the denatured molecules are capable of priming mouse T cells specific for native antigen. Weekly injections of 10mug UD antigen or alpha-chain into antigen E-primed animals depressed the ongoing IgE antibody response, whereas injections of the same dose of antigen E failed to depress the antibody response. It was found by adoptive transfer experiments that helper activity of antigen E-primed splenic T cells was depressed by the treatment of the donors with either modified antigen or native antigen E. The same treatment of antigen E-primed animals depressed the DNA synthetic response of their splenic T cells to antigen E. The treatment of antigen E-primed animals with UD antigen resulted in a decrease of antigen E-specific IgE-B cells and IgG-B cells in their spleen, whereas the treatment with native antigen expanded the B cell populations. In view of the results obtained in the mouse, cellular basis for the immunologic effects of hyposensitization treatment is discussed.
Social Implementation of Laser Peening Technology (2022)

In this paper, social implementation of laser peening technology is described. Laser peening is the process to induce compressive residual stress to metal surface by using the effect of laser ablation. We developed several types of laser peening systems and applied to nuclear power plants as a countermeasure against stress corrosion cracking. We also found that fatigue strength was improved about 40 percent by introducing compressive residual stress by laser peening. We developed laser peening devices to treat inner surface of small pipe shape targets and applied to low pressure turbine blades for steam turbine components.
Development of multivalent mRNA vaccine candidates for seasonal or pandemic influenza (2021)

Recent approval of mRNA vaccines for emergency use against COVID-19 is likely to promote rapid development of mRNA-based vaccines targeting a wide range of infectious diseases. Compared to conventional approaches, this vaccine modality promises comparable potency while substantially accelerating the pace of development and deployment of vaccine doses. Already demonstrated successfully for single antigen vaccines such as for COVID-19, this technology could be optimized for complex multi-antigen vaccines. Herein, utilizing multiple influenza antigens, we demonstrated the suitability of the mRNA therapeutic (MRT) platform for such applications. Seasonal influenza vaccines have three or four hemagglutinin (HA) antigens of different viral subtypes. In addition, influenza neuraminidase (NA), a tetrameric membrane protein, is identified as an antigen that has been linked to protective immunity against severe viral disease. We detail the efforts in optimizing formulations of influenza candidates that use unmodified mRNA encoding full-length HA or full-length NA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). HA and NA mRNA-LNP formulations, either as monovalent or as multivalent vaccines, induced strong functional antibody and cellular responses in non-human primates and such antigen-specific antibody responses were associated with protective efficacy against viral challenge in mice.
120 channel AM-VSB Signal Transmission by 2 Wavelength Multiplexing through Gain Flattened Hybrid Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier (1995)

In optical analog transmission systems using the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), its spectral gain tilt is known to induce signal distortions in combination with laser chirping[l]. We have proposed a hybrid EDFA which consists of serially cascaded EDFs with different glass compositions and shown that the hybrid EDFA realizes a flat spectral gain(low distortion) without sacrificing an output power even after multi-stage amplification[2].
Actinomycin D enhances killing of cancer cells by immunotoxin RG7787 through activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis (2016)

RG7787 is a mesothelin-targeted immunotoxin designed to have low-immunogenicity, high-cytotoxic activity and fewer side effects. RG7787 kills many types of mesothelin-expressing cancer cells lines and causes tumor regressions in mice. Safety and immunogenicity of RG7787 is now being assessed in a phase I trial. To enhance the antitumor activity of RG7787, we screened for clinically used drugs that can synergize with RG7787. Actinomycin D is a potent transcription inhibitor that is used for treating several cancers. We report here that actinomycin D and RG7787 act synergistically to kill many mesothelin-positive cancer cell lines and produce major regressions of pancreatic and stomach cancer xenografts. Analyses of RNA expression show that RG7787 or actinomycin D alone and together increase levels of TNF/TNFR family members and NF-κB-regulated genes. Western blots revealed the combination changed apoptotic protein levels and enhanced cleavage of Caspases and PARP.
A Large-Scale SUMO-Based Emulation Platform (2015)

A hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for emulating large-scale intelligent transportation systems is presented. The platform embeds a real vehicle into SUMO, a microscopic road traffic simulation package. Emulations, consisting of the real vehicle, and potentially thousands of simulated vehicles, are run in real time. The platform provides an opportunity for real drivers to gain a feel of being in a large-scale connected vehicle scenario. Various applications of the platform are presented.
Prediction of Coherent Optical Photons from Shock Waves in Crystals (2006)

In this work, we study the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the propagation of a shock wave through an ionic crystal, NaCl. Our analytical theory and computational experiments predict that under some conditions, weak yet measurable temporally coherent light can be observed emerging from the crystal, typically in the range 1-100 THz. The radiation is generated by an oscillating dipole-like material polarization resulting from the nonlinear synchronized motion of large numbers of atoms induced by a planar shock wave propagating through the crystalline lattice
Tactual Frequency and Amplitude Discrimination with Fixed and Roving Background (2006)

The authors present frequency and amplitude discrimination thresholds for motional and vibrational stimuli presented with and without the presence of roving background signals.Participants received on their left index fingertip sinusoidal displacement waveforms over a range of 2-200 Hz in frequency and 20-35 dB sensation level in amplitude.When the target stimulus was presented in isolation, the average Weber fraction for frequency was 0.18-0.25,and the average amplitude discrimination threshold was 2.2-2.5 dB.When roving background signals were presented with the targets and the participants were instructed to ignore the interfering backgrounds, the discrimination thresholds for both frequency and amplitude increased.The amount of increase depended on the nature of the background signals.The results are discussed in terms of their implications for tactual displays of speech in communication aids for the deaf.
Abstract 673: A Monoclonal Antibody, MORAb-075, Targeting Claudin-3 & Claudin-4 Inhibits human ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer progression in mice (2014)

Abstract Claudin (CLDN) is a family of integral membrane proteins. They are crucial for tight junction formation and functions. Studies have found CLDN3 and CLDN4 proteins are overexpressed in majority of primary ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. We have generated a rat-human chimeric monoclonal antibody, MORAb-075, which binds to CLDN3 and CLDN4 with high affinity in vitro. In order to evaluate its therapeutic potential in vivo, we have established a number of human cancer models where the tumors are grown orthotopically in nude mice. These tumors were confirmed positive for human CLDN3 or/and CLDN4 expressions via immunohistochemistry staining. The models include a CLDN3/4-expressing prostate cancer PC-3; a CLDN4-expressing pancreatic cancer, BxPc-3; a CLDN3-expressing ovarian cancer, IGROV-1. In these orthotopic tumor models, MORAb-075 demonstrated significant antitumor activities. When the mAb was administered intravenously at 25 mg/kg, twice weekly for 4 weeks, the tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of PC-3 tumors reached 50%; TGI of BxPC-3 tumors was nearly 60% and TGI of IGROV-1 tumors was greater than 75%. Our findings demonstrate the potency of MORAb-075, as a single agent, in inhibiting solid tumor growth in these models. These results suggest that mAb therapy targeting CLDN3 &amp; CLDN4 is a valuable option for therapeutic application in cancer therapy that may be improved in combination with standard of care chemotherapies for CLDN3 or CLDN4 positive cancers. Citation Format: Jian-Min Lin, allis soto, Christopher maddage, earl Albone, yuhong zhou, luigi grasso. A Monoclonal Antibody, MORAb-075, Targeting Claudin-3 &amp; Claudin-4 Inhibits human ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer progression in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 673. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-673
A π/4-shift QPSK receiver for TDMA/TDD systems (2002)

This paper proposes a /spl pi//4-shift QPSK receiver for microcellular TDMA/TDD systems. The receiver is suited for an all-digital implementation. It assumes a coarse automatic gain-control (AGC) which is updated digitally. The receiver uses a new maximum-likelihood (ML) based scheme for fast synchronization in its all-digital timing recovery circuit. The proposed timing acquisition scheme is independent of the AGC setting and does not suffer from hangups.
Mild depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane is a crucial component of an anti-aging program (2020)

The mitochondria of various tissues from mice, naked mole rats (NMRs), and bats possess two mechanistically similar systems to prevent the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS): hexokinases I and II and creatine kinase bound to mitochondrial membranes. Both systems operate in a manner such that one of the kinase substrates (mitochondrial ATP) is electrophoretically transported by the ATP/ADP antiporter to the catalytic site of bound hexokinase or bound creatine kinase without ATP dilution in the cytosol. One of the kinase reaction products, ADP, is transported back to the mitochondrial matrix via the antiporter, again through an electrophoretic process without cytosol dilution. The system in question continuously supports H<sup>+</sup>-ATP synthase with ADP until glucose or creatine is available. Under these conditions, the membrane potential, ∆ψ, is maintained at a lower than maximal level (i.e., mild depolarization of mitochondria). This ∆ψ decrease is sufficient to completely inhibit mROS generation. In 2.5-y-old mice, mild depolarization disappears in the skeletal muscles, diaphragm, heart, spleen, and brain and partially in the lung and kidney. This age-dependent decrease in the levels of bound kinases is not observed in NMRs and bats for many years. As a result, ROS-mediated protein damage, which is substantial during the aging of short-lived mice, is stabilized at low levels during the aging of long-lived NMRs and bats. It is suggested that this mitochondrial mild depolarization is a crucial component of the mitochondrial anti-aging system.
Quantum dot devices (2000)

From a recent study of the growth and optical properties of quantum dots (QD's), we demonstrated that artificial atoms with sharp electronic shells can be fabricated with good control, using self-assembled QD's grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Size and shape engineering of the QD's during growth permits the tailoring of their intersublevel energy spacings. We demonstrate a much improved uniformity of the macroscopic ensembles of QD's, with well-resolved electronic shells. In addition to size and shape engineering of the QDS's in the case of single-layer samples, we demonstrate significant improvements in the uniformity of the vertically self-aligned stacked QD's. State-filling spectroscopy of the zero-dimensional transitions between confined electrons and holes demonstrates that the energy levels are readily tunable. One to five confined levels, with an inter-level energy spacing between 25 and 90 meV, are obtained by adjusting the growth temperature or with post-growth annealings. Such QD's having well-defined excited-states have been grown in the active region of devices and results will be presented for lasers, detectors, or for structures displaying optical memory effects. For example, QD laser diodes with well-defined electronic shells are fabricated, and shape-engineered stacks of self-aligned QD's are used to increase the gain in the active region. Lasing is observed in the upper QD shells for small gain media, and progresses towards the QD ground states for longer cavity lengths. We obtained at 77K thresholds for J<SUB>th</SUB>=15 A/cm<SUP>2</SUP> for a 2 mm cavity lasing in the first excited state (p-shell), and at 300K for a 5 mm cavity, J<SUB>th</SUB> is ~430A/cm<SUP>2</SUP> with lasing in the d-shell. For an increased QD density, J<SUB>th</SUB> is smaller than 100A/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at room temperature. For inter- sublevel transitions, we demonstrated broadband normal incidence detection with responsivity approaching 1A/W at a detection wavelength of 5 microns. For interband detection, the photoluminescence decay time of p-i-n diode can be changed from ~3nsec to ~0.3nsec (3Ghz) with a reverse bias. For Qds capped with less than ~10 nm, remarkable charge transfers between QD and surface states lead to optical memory effects lasting over time-scales of several minutes.
Spectral analysis of optical mixing measurements (1989)

A general rigorous theory of optical heterodyne and homodyne measurements is presented. The power spectrum of the photocurrent resulting from two uncorrelated optical beams mixing on a photodetector is derived. In particular, a rigorous analysis is presented for the delayed self-homodyne method which is used to characterize laser source linewidth by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a delay exceeding the source coherence length. Existing treatments are generalized to address non-Lorentzian laser sources of arbitrary lineshape. The analysis is further generalized to cover the case of modulated nonstationary sources. An example of the application of this theory is given. It is shown how the theory may be used to interpret an experimental result obtained using the gated delayed self-homodyne technique for characterizing the frequency chirp of laser sources under modulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
P-1093 - Demographic and clinical parameters that predict clozapine discontinuation (2012)

Clozapine has superior efficacy for treating patients with schizophrenia. Its discontinuation could have detrimental consequences. We attempted to identify the clinical parameters that could predict clozapine discontinuation in patients diagnosed as having schizophrenia by conducting a retrospective analysis of all of those who started on clozapine treatment during their hospitalization in our institution between 2002 and 2008 (n = 100). Demographic and clinical parameters were analyzed and compared between the 58 patients who continued and the 42 who discontinued clozapine treatment during a follow-up period of 8.1 years. Twenty of the latter patients (47.6%) discontinued clozapine because of nonadherence and 11 (26.2%) because of side effects. Thirty-three of them (78.6%) stopped taking clozapine during the first year of treatment. The duration of clozapine use correlated significantly with the time to readmission (P < 0.001). The decrease in number of suicide attempts was higher in those who continued clozapine treatment compared with those who discontinued it (P = 0.02). Predictors for drug discontinuation were old age at clozapine initiation and comorbid substance abuse. These findings indicate that patients with schizophrenia with those risk factors need special incentives to be compliant during the first year of clozapine treatment to minimize the negative sequelae of clozapine discontinuation.
Channel estimation for super high bit rate massive MIMO systems using joint processing of analog fixed beamforming and CSI-based precoding (2015)

For the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, small cells using higher frequency bands with wider bandwidth will be introduced to achieve super high bit rate transmission of several tens of Gbps. Massive MIMO beamforming (BF) is one of promising technologies to compensate for larger path-loss in the higher frequency bands. We have proposed joint processing of analog fixed BF and channel state information (CSI)-based precoding (FBCP) for Massive MIMO systems to achieve large BF gain while reducing the number of baseband chains, which results in the cost reduction of the transceiver. To generate the precoding and postcoding matrices, both the transmitter and receiver have to estimate the equivalent MIMO channel (the multiplication of analog BF weight matrix and MIMO channel matrix). In this paper, the channel estimation (CE) scheme and the frame structure for Massive MIMO using FBCP is proposed. In the CE for FBCP, the accurate equivalent MIMO channel can be estimated because of the reference signal which obtains the BF gain by using the analog fixed BF. The throughput performances of FBCP with channel estimation are evaluated by the computer simulation and it is shown that the FBCP can achieve higher throughput than the fully digital Massive MIMO due to the reduced reference signal.
Suppression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 during induced differentiation of erythroleukemia cells. (1994)

Differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) is associated with accumulation of underphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and an increase in retinoblastoma (RB) gene expression. Here we show that HMBA causes a rapid decrease in the level of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4) protein. This decrease results from decreased stability of the protein, while the rate of synthesis of the protein is not affected by HMBA. The decrease in the level of cdk4 protein is followed by suppression of the pRB kinase activity associated with cdk4. Cyclin D3, which can bind and activated cdk4, is increased in HMBA-induced cells and is found in complex with pRB and the transcription factor E2F. In uninduced cells cyclin D3 complexes with pRB and E2F are barely detected. At the later stages of differentiation, MEL cells become arrested in G1 and cdk2 kinase activity is suppressed; this is accompanied by a decrease in the level of cyclin A and cdk2 proteins. Cells transfected with cdk4, which continue to overexpress cdk4 protein during culture with HMBA, are resistant to HMBA-induced differentiation. In contrast, overexpression of cdk2 protein does not inhibit induced differentiation. These findings suggest that suppression of cdk4 is a critical event in the pathway leading to terminal differentiation of erythroleukemia cells.