gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
D2-Net: A Trainable CNN for Joint Detection and Description of Local\n Features (2019)

In this work we address the problem of finding reliable pixel-level\ncorrespondences under difficult imaging conditions. We propose an approach\nwhere a single convolutional neural network plays a dual role: It is\nsimultaneously a dense feature descriptor and a feature detector. By postponing\nthe detection to a later stage, the obtained keypoints are more stable than\ntheir traditional counterparts based on early detection of low-level\nstructures. We show that this model can be trained using pixel correspondences\nextracted from readily available large-scale SfM reconstructions, without any\nfurther annotations. The proposed method obtains state-of-the-art performance\non both the difficult Aachen Day-Night localization dataset and the InLoc\nindoor localization benchmark, as well as competitive performance on other\nbenchmarks for image matching and 3D reconstruction.\n
Crystal Growth and Characterization of Rare Earth Doped ${\hbox{K}}_{3}{\hbox{LuF}}_{6}$ (2010)

Transparent K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> single crystals doped with rare earth ions were successfully grown by the micro-pulling down method (μ-PD). X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the as-grown crystals possess monoclinic structure with P2 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> /n space group. The radio- and photoluminescence spectra of the grown crystals were measured in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and ultraviolet (UV) region. The intrinsic luminescence of K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> was observed at 163 and 200 nm. Nd-doped crystals displayed, in contrast, emission at 183 nm, due to the Nd <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> 5d-4f transition, and their radioluminescence intensity increases with increasing Nd concentration. Tm:K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> showed high emission intensity at 190 nm in the radio- and photoluminescence spectra (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">exc</sub> = 155 nm). Moreover, the emission intensity of 0.5%Tm:K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> was higher than that of 5%Tm:K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> . Concerning Er:K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> , the emission at 165 nm was detected for the 0.5%Er:K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> LuF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> .
Supplementary Table 14 from <i>SETD2</i> Is Recurrently Mutated in Whole-Exome Sequenced Canine Osteosarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;File contains list of GISTIC Defined Recurrent SCNA genes that overlap between Humans and Dogs.&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract 4708: Preclinical development of an anti-miR-21 compound for hepatocellular carcinoma (2011)

Abstract micro-RNA-21 is frequently over-expressed and has been shown to correlate with poor outcome in multiple cancer types. Its genomic locus is amplified in some cancer types and miR-21 is also transactivated by several known cancer drivers (e.g. STAT3 and Ras). We have used a publically available data set from 86 patients to show that miR-21 is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The treatment options for HCC are limited, thus making it the third leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Additional treatments for HCC are greatly needed. We investigated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting miR-21 with chemically modified oligonucleotides known as anti-miRs using models of HCC, including a genetically engineered mouse model of HCC driven by an inducible, activated form of Ras. Short term treatment with the anti-miR led to a reduction in tumor formation. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-21 was clearly demonstrated by analysis of genome wide mRNA expression data from treated versus untreated tumors. This data showed that genes containing the mir-21 octamer sequence were the most significantly over-enriched among up-regulated genes compared to all of the other 65,535 possible octamers. We also determined the effect of long-term anti-miR-21 treatment on the survival in this mouse model of HCC. anti-miR-21 treated mice demonstrated a highly significant survival advantage (p&amp;lt;0.0001) over saline and control anti-miR treated mice. Our findings suggest that miR-21 is a promising candidate for the therapeutic intervention of liver cancer and further highlights the potential of anti-miR-mediated inhibition of microRNAs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4708. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4708
N-Terminal Modification of the Tetrapeptide Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu, a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) Antagonist, Improves Antitumor Activity by Increasing its Stability against Serum Peptidases (2019)

The tetrapeptide Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu (RLYE), a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 antagonist, has been used previously either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for treating colorectal cancer in a mouse model. We analyzed the half-life of the peptide and found that because of degradation by aminopeptidases B and N, it had a short half-life of 1.2 hours in the serum. Therefore, to increase the stability and potency of the peptide, we designed the modified peptide, N-terminally acetylated RLYE (Ac-RLYE), which had a strongly stabilized half-life of 8.8 hours in serum compared with the original parent peptide. The IC<sub>50</sub> value of Ac-RLYE for VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell migration decreased to approximately 37.1 pM from 89.1 pM for the parent peptide. Using a mouse xenograft tumor model, we demonstrated that Ac-RLYE was more potent than RLYE in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and growth, improving vascular integrity and normalization through enhanced endothelial cell junctions and pericyte coverage of the tumor vasculature, and impeding the infiltration of macrophages into tumor and their polarization to the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, combined treatment of Ac-RLYE and irinotecan exhibited synergistic effects on M1-like macrophage activation and apoptosis and growth inhibition of tumor cells. These findings provide evidence that the N-terminal acetylation augments the therapeutic effect of RLYE in solid tumors via inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, improvement of tumor vessel integrity and normalization, and enhancement of the livery and efficacy of the coadministered chemotherapeutic drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The results of this study demonstrate that the N-terminal acetylation of the tetrapeptide RLYE (Ac-RLYE), a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor, significantly improves its serum stability, antiangiogenic activity, and vascular normalizing potency, resulting in enhanced therapeutic effect on solid tumors. Furthermore, the combined treatment of Ac-RLYE with the chemotherapeutic drug, irinotecan, synergistically enhanced its antitumor efficacy by improving the perfusion and delivery of the drug into the tumors and stimulating the conversion of the tumor-associated macrophages to an immunostimulatory M1-like antitumor phenotype.
In Silico and Ex Silico ADME Approaches for Drug Discovery (2002)

The high attrition rate of drug candidates during clinical trials for poor pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties has created a need to do these studies as early as it is possible during the drug discovery process. In addition the most successful drug is often not the most potent one but the one that has the suitable level of potency, safety, and pharmacokinetics. Science and technology development during the last few years and the generation of last databases and information has created the basis for doing early experimental PK and ADME studies in addition to eADME. Similarly, testing safety features as early as possible is key to affordable drug discovery and development. Throughput and cost are crucial for early application. In silico methods have by far the highest throughput, followed by the in vitro and in vivo approaches. On the other hand, with regard to relevance and reliability of data the ranking is the opposite. The great challenge for in silico methods is generation of models that correlate more closely with in vivo systems. For the in vitro assays increasing the throughput is an absolute must. Ex silico methods that combine in silico predictions with experimental methods are new additions to the scientific repertoire (e.g. Chromatographic Hydrophobicity Index that is deduced from the reverse phase HPLC data can be used for calculation of lipophilicity). The emerging new approaches have clear impact on the design of early stage screening and combinatorial libraries. In addition to the Lipinski's rules descriptors such as number of rotatable bonds, number of aromatic rings, branching behavior and polar surface area (PSA) are commonly used is the drug design process.
Physico-chemical properties of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) during surimi and kamaboko gel preparation (2017)

Physico-chemical properties of red tilapia mince during the preparation of surimi and kamaboko gel were evaluated to determine the potential of red tilapia as a source for surimi. Processing of red tilapia for surimi and kamaboko gel resulted in a significant lower Ca2+ ATPase activity, protein and fat than mincemeat. Thermograms of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed three peaks at 31.0, 54.5 and 72.0°C for the mince and only two peaks for surimi and kamaboko gel respectively. Enthalpies of myosin peaks in surimi and kamaboko gel were lower compared to the mincemeat, but there were no significant differences among the enthalpies (∆H) of their actin peaks. The highest maximum storage modulus (G’max) was obtained at 78.5°C for kamaboko gel which corresponded to 2420 Pa. The sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE) gel showed apparent intensity different in myosin (205 kDa) and no obvious differences for actin (43 kDa).
Theoretical study of the surface energy and surface relaxation of the W(001) surface (1986)

The structural properties of the W(001)(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surface are calculated using a fully self-consistent pseudopotential linear combination of atomic orbitals method. The surface energy [3.09 eV/(surface atom)], the top-layer relaxation (5.9%), and the relaxation energy (0.059 eV) we obtained are in good agreement with available experimental data and recent all-electron full-potential linear augmented-plane-wave results. The results demonstrate that the method can treat the structural properties of transition-metal surfaces accurately.
Inhibition of RANKL Expression in Osteocyte-like Differentiated Tumor Cells in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone After Denosumab Treatment (2023)

Giant cell tumors of bone (GCTBs) are locally aggressive tumors with the histological features of giant cells and stromal cells. Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL). RANKL inhibition blocks tumor-induced osteoclastogenesis, and survival, and is used to treat unresectable GCTBs. Denosumab treatment induces osteogenic differentiation of GCTB cells. In this study, the expression of RANKL, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2, a marker of osteoblast differentiation), and sclerostin/SOST (a marker of mature osteocytes) was analyzed before and after treatment with denosumab in six cases of GCTB. Denosumab therapy was administered a mean of five times over a mean 93.5-day period. Before denosumab treatment, RANKL expression was observed in one of six cases. After denosumab therapy, spindle-like cells devoid of giant cell aggregation were RANKL-positive in four of six cases. Bone matrix-embedded osteocyte markers were observed, although RANKL was not expressed. Osteocyte-like cells were confirmed to have mutations, as identified using mutation-specific antibodies. Our study results suggest that treatment of GCTBs with denosumab results in osteoblast-osteocyte differentiation. Denosumab played a role in the suppression of tumor activity via inhibition of the RANK-RANKL pathway, which triggers osteoclast precursors to differentiate into osteoclasts.
A systems biology approach to understand gut microbiota and host metabolism in morbid obesity: design of the BARIA Longitudinal Cohort Study (2020)

The BARIA study can add more understanding in how gut-microbiota affect metabolism, especially with regard to obesity, glucose metabolism and NAFLD. Identification of key factors may provide diagnostic and therapeutic leads to control the obesity-associated disease epidemic.
Heparanase Alters Arterial Structure, Mechanics, and Repair Following Endovascular Stenting in Mice (2008)

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are potent regulators of vascular remodeling and repair. Heparanase is the major enzyme capable of degrading heparan sulfate in mammalian cells. Here we examined the role of heparanase in controlling arterial structure, mechanics, and remodeling. In vitro studies supported that heparanase expression in endothelial cells serves as a negative regulator of endothelial inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) proliferation. Arterial structure and remodeling to injury were also modified by heparanase expression. Transgenic mice overexpressing heparanase had increased arterial thickness, cellular density, and mechanical compliance. Endovascular stenting studies in Zucker rats demonstrated increased heparanase expression in the neointima of obese, hyperlipidemic rats in comparison to lean rats. The extent of heparanase expression within the neointima strongly correlated with the neointimal thickness following injury. To test the effects of heparanase overexpression on arterial repair, we developed a novel murine model of stent injury using small diameter self-expanding stents. Using this model, we found that increased neointimal formation and macrophage recruitment occurs in transgenic mice overexpressing heparanase. Taken together, these results support a role for heparanase in the regulation of arterial structure, mechanics, and repair.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of New Conformationally Restricted Analogues of (−)-Indolactam-V:  Elucidation of the Biologically Active Conformation of the Tumor-Promoting Teleocidins (1996)

The tumor-promoting teleocidins and their core structure (−)-indolactam-V (1) exist in two stable conformers in solution at room temperature. The cis amide assumes a twist conformation while the trans amide exists in a sofa form. In order to identify the biologically active conformation of the teleocidins, we have synthesized new twist-restricted analogues 5a and 6 based on an aza-Claisen rearrangement of (−)-N13-desmethyl-N13-allylindolactam-V (3) and a sofa-restricted analogue, (−)-5-methylindolactam-V (22). The activities of these new compounds were evaluated in three in vitro bioassays associated with in vivo tumor-promoting activity: binding to the protein kinase C regulatory domain, induction of the Epstein−Barr virus early antigen, and stimulation of radioactive inorganic phosphate incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells. These three biological activities correlated well for each derivative. Twist-restricted analogues 5a and 6 showed significant activities in the three assays, comparable to 1 itself. In contrast, sofa-restricted 22 showed little activity related to tumor promotion. Introduction of a prenyl group into position 7 or 18 of 5a and 6 significantly enhanced the activity while sofa-restricted (−)-5-prenylindolactam-V (23) showed only very weak activity. These results indicate that the active conformation of the teleocidins and 1 is close to the twist form. This is the first evidence bearing on the active conformation of the teleocidins based on conformationally restricted analogues with an intact indolactam skeleton and is in accord with conclusions reported for benzolactams, analogues without the pyrrole moiety. This study also describes the synthesis of new biologically active compounds (26a, 26b, 28) based on inactive (+)-epiindolactam-V (24), involving a further application of the aza-Claisen rearrangement. Bridge formation between positions 5 and 13 of indolactam derivatives represents a particularly effective analogue design strategy, allowing for the remote control of the conformation of this ring system and for the introduction of a wide range of structural variations, as required for the development of new protein kinase C activators with high isozyme selectivity.
Suppression of Ovulation Rate by Antibodies to Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and α2-Antiplasmin* (1989)

Indirect evidence has suggested a role for plasminogen activator (PA) in ovulation. Our recent studies demonstrated that 1) tissue-type PA (tPA) is the predominant PA produced by preovulatory rat follicles in response to gonadotropins or GnRH; and 2) several inhibitors of the serine proteases, to which PA and plasmin belong, block ovulation. Here, the role of tPA and plasmin in ovulation was examined directly by the use of specific antibodies to tPA and alpha 2-antiplasmin (alpha 2AP). Immature female rats at 25-26 days of age were treated (sc) with 15 IU PMSG to induce multiple preovulatory follicles. Fifty-four hours later, tPA antibodies and alpha 2AP were injected into one of the ovarian bursae to check their ability to block ovulation, which was initiated with an ovulatory dose (4 IU) of hCG. The data are expressed as percent inhibition of ovulation in the treated vs. the untreated ovaries. A significant decrease in the ovulation rate was obtained by administration of 500 micrograms antibodies to tPA (39.6%) or 1-50 micrograms alpha 2AP (36-44%), whereas minimal inhibition (12%) was found at lower doses of anti-tPA (10 micrograms) or alpha 2AP (0.1 micrograms). Furthermore, nonimmune immunoglobulin G (500 micrograms) and heat-inactivated alpha 2AP were not effective. Anti-tPA and alpha 2AP suppressed ovulation only when injected at the time of hCG administration; later injections (4-h delay) were ineffective, suggesting that PA and plasmin are involved in the early follicular responses to the ovulatory stimulus. Histological observation of the ovaries did not reveal any pathological changes associated with the anti-tPA and alpha 2AP treatment. Suppression of ovulation, as evidenced by decreased number of tubal ova, was frequently accompanied with intraovarian release of the eggs into the follicular thecal compartment. Thus, these results provide direct evidence for an essential role of tPA and plasmin in ovulation.
Perception, Attention, and Resources: A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Graphics Rendering (2013)

We describe work to control graphics rendering under limited computational resources by taking a decision-theoretic perspective on perceptual costs and computational savings of approximations. The work extends earlier work on the control of rendering by introducing methods and models for computing the expected cost associated with degradations of scene components. The expected cost is computed by considering the perceptual cost of degradations and a probability distribution over the attentional focus of viewers. We review the critical literature describing findings on visual search and attention, discuss the implications of the findings, and introduce models of expected perceptual cost. Finally, we discuss policies that harness information about the expected cost of scene components.
Is it primarily tricuspid regurgitation, constriction or restriction?: Table 1 (2009)

In patients presenting with signs and symptoms of right heart failure an accurate diagnosis of underlying aetiology is vital in order to aid referral for appropriate treatment. Severe tricuspid regurgitation, constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy may have similar clinical features and findings at cardiac catheterisation, including elevation and near equalisation of left and right ventricular diastolic pressures. A recent study has described criteria for distinguishing constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy,1 and in this issue of Heart , Jaber et al propose novel haemodynamic criteria for differentiating tricuspid regurgitation from constrictive pericarditis using cardiac catheterisation ( see page 1449 ).2

The underlying aetiology of pericardial constriction has changed over recent decades. Whereas in the past many patients presented with severe and global calcification of the pericardium secondary to tuberculosis, patients are now more likely to develop pericardial constriction after mediastinal irradiation or cardiac surgery (often in conjunction with myocardial involvement).3 In these patients the calcification is often more localised and less pronounced, and pericardial thickness may even lie within the normal range. In these cases diagnosis on the basis of imaging studies alone may be far more challenging, as patients with surgically proven pericardial constriction may have a normal pericardial appearance on imaging.4 In addition, determining the relative contribution of pericardial restraint and myocardial dysfunction poses a diagnostic challenge. Severe tricuspid regurgitation is seen more often owing to both the increasing number of patients with congenital heart disease surviving into adulthood and an increase in implantation rates of both cardiac resynchronisation therapy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Lin et al have previously described a series of 41 patients with severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation due to permanent pacemaker or defibrillator leads.5 In these patients echocardiographic imaging is inherently difficult owing to acoustic dropout from the pacing leads, and in this …