gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On linear equalization of multiple FIR Volterra channels (2002)

A deterministic approach for blind equalization of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) Volterra FIR channels is addressed. It is shown that SIMO Volterra channels can be blindly equalized using only linear FIR filters, provided that a generalized Sylvester resultant constructed from Volterra kernels has maximum column rank and that a minimal persistence-of-excitation order is satisfied by the input. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of linear equalizers are established. Simulations comparing the blind with non-blind equalization are provided.
CD40‐dependent inflammatory and thrombogenic responses to soluble CD40 ligand in the microvasculature (2006)

Levels of the soluble form of CD40L (sCD40L) are elevated in patients with several inflammatory conditions including hypercholesterolemia and following stroke. However it remains unclear whether sCD40L can initiate inflammatory alterations in vivo, or is merely a marker of inflammation. The objectives of this study were to determine whether sCD40L promotes inflammatory and thrombogenic responses in the microvasculature and whether these events are mediated through CD40. Intravital videomicroscopy was used to quantify arteriolar responses to acetylcholine, and leukocyte and platelet adhesion in venules of wildtype, and CD40 knockout (ko) mice receiving vehicle or recombinant sCD40L (1 μg or 10 ng) i.v. prior to observation. Initial findings revealed that 1 μg sCD40L initiated leukocyte recruitment within 2 h, peaking at 5–6 h post‐administration. Focusing on 5.5 h post‐sCD40L, platelet adhesion was also increased and arteriolar vasodilation to acetylcholine was impaired in wildtype mice by both doses of sCD40L (vs vehicle). However, sCD40L failed to induce leukocyte and platelet adhesion in CD40ko mice, and arteriolar function was comparable to control levels. Our findings indicate that sCD40L may promote inflammatory and thrombogenic responses in vivo through interaction with CD40. This may have important implications in patients with elevated levels of sCD40L. (Supported by HL26441).
Automated identification of rivers and shorelines in aerial imagery using image texture (2011)

A method has been developed which automatically extracts river and river bank locations from arbitrarily sourced high resolution (~1m) visual spectrum imagery without recourse to multi-spectral or even color information. This method relies on quantifying the difference in image texture between the relatively smooth surface of the river water and the rougher surface of the vegetated land or built environment bordering it and then segmenting the image into high and low roughness regions. The edges of the low roughness regions then define the river banks. The method can be coded in any language without recourse to proprietary tools and requires minimal operator intervention. As this sort of imagery is increasingly being made freely available through such services as Google Earth or Worldwind this technique can be used to extract river features when more specialized imagery or software is not available.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Al2O3 Films on Polyethylene Particles (2004)

Sequential exposures of Al(CH3)3 and H2O at 77 °C were used to encapsulate low-density polyethylene (LDPE) particles with an ultrathin Al2O3 film. FTIR studies revealed that the nucleation of Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the LDPE particles occurred primarily via adsorption of Al(CH3)3 onto the LDPE surface or absorption of Al(CH3)3 into the LDPE particle followed by the reaction with H2O. The FTIR spectra then revealed the progressive switching between AlCH3* and AlOH* species with alternating exposure to Al(CH3)3 and H2O. This nucleation of Al2O3 ALD did not require the existence of specific chemical functional groups on the polymer. The FTIR spectra also demonstrated that the sequential exposures of Al(CH3)3 and H2O led to an increase in Al2O3 bulk vibrational modes. The increase of the absorbance for the Al2O3 bulk vibrational modes was linear with the number of AB cycles. The presence of an Al2O3 film on the LDPE particles was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM images revealed that the Al2O3 coating was very conformal to the LDPE particles. The Al2O3 coating was also thicker than expected from typical Al2O3 ALD growth rates. This thicker Al2O3 coating was explained by the presence of hydrogen-bonded H2O on the Al2O3 surface that increases the Al2O3 growth rate during Al(CH3)3 exposures. On the basis of these results and additional investigations, a model is proposed for Al2O3 ALD on polymers. Al2O3 ALD should provide an effective gas diffusion barrier on temperature-sensitive polymeric materials such as LDPE.
A Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Vectored by a Stable Chimeric and Replication-Deficient Sendai Virus Protects Mice without Inducing Enhanced Disease (2017)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory infections in children and elderly people, and no marketed vaccine exists. In this study, we generated and analyzed a subunit vaccine against RSV based on a novel genome replication-deficient Sendai virus (SeV) vector. We inserted the RSV F protein, known to be a genetically stable antigen, into our vector in a specific way to optimize the vaccine features. By exchanging the ectodomain of the SeV F protein for its counterpart from RSV, we created a chimeric vectored vaccine that contains the RSV F protein as an essential structural component. In this way, the antigen is actively expressed on the surfaces of vaccine particles in its prefusion conformation, and as recently reported for other vectored vaccines, the occurrence of silencing mutations of the transgene in the vaccine genome can be prevented. In addition, its active gene expression contributes to further stimulation of the immune response. In order to understand the best route of immunization, we compared vaccine efficacies after intranasal (i.n.) or intramuscular (i.m.) immunization of BALB/c mice. Via both routes, substantial RSV-specific immune responses were induced, consisting of serum IgG and neutralizing antibodies, as well as cytotoxic T cells. Moreover, i.n. immunization was also able to stimulate specific mucosal IgA in the upper and lower respiratory tract. In virus challenge experiments, animals were protected against RSV infection after both i.n. and i.m. immunization without inducing vaccine-enhanced disease. Above all, the replication-deficient SeV appeared to be safe and well tolerated.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory diseases in young children and elderly people worldwide. There is a great demand for a licensed vaccine. Promising existing vaccine approaches based on live-attenuated vaccines or viral vectors have suffered from unforeseen drawbacks related to immunogenicity and attenuation. We provide a novel RSV vaccine concept based on a genome replication-deficient Sendai vector that has many favorable vaccine characteristics. The specific vaccine design guarantees genetic stability of the transgene; furthermore, it supports a favorable presentation of the antigen, activating the adaptive response, features that other vectored vaccine approaches have often had difficulties with. Wide immunological and pathological analyses in mice confirmed the validity and efficacy of this approach after both parenteral and mucosal administration. Above all, this concept is suitable for initiating clinical studies, and it could also be applied to other infectious diseases.
A high-throughput multivariate statistics platform for the discovery of tyrosinase inhibitors (2019)

The implementation of high-throughput screening (HTS) technologies has become an indispensable tool for the detection of bioactive constituents, avoiding re-isolation of known compounds, reducing workload and cost. The aim of our study was the establishment of an integrated high-throughput multivariate statistics platform, relying on FCPC, HPTLC, and NMR, for the direct detection and identification of natural compounds with skin whitening properties prior to any isolation. Greek flora - due to its high biodiversity - was used as a source for the collection of selected plant material. Previous in vitro investigation of plant extracts against their tyrosinase inhibition activity revealed nine extracts as the most promising. The selected extracts were fractionated by FCPC using a certain protocol and each fraction was split in 3 equal parts for: i) HPTLC profiling and bioautography, ii) NMR profiling iii) in vitro assay. An integrated HPTLC-based procedure for the tracing of compounds that contributed to tyrosinase inhibitory effect in active fractions was established with the use of multivariate data analysis [1]. Additionally, NMR spectral data were correlated with the results of tyrosinase activity resulting in the identification of bioactive compounds through the combination of the Heterocovariance approach (HetCA) [2] and the statistical total correlation spectroscopy (STOCSY) [3]. The combined data deriving from NMR and HPTLC correlated to the biological activity by the statistically driven approach, revealed flavans, flavonols, phenolic compounds and stilbenoids between the most promising whitening agents, providing a major reduction in workload by direct use of routine information.
Identification of Anti-tumor Cells Carrying Natural Killer (NK) Cell Antigens in Patients With Hematological Cancers (2015)

Natural killer (NK) cells, a cytotoxic lymphocyte lineage, are able to kill tumor cells in vitro and in mouse models. However, whether these cells display an anti-tumor activity in cancer patients has not been demonstrated. Here we have addressed this issue in patients with several hematological cancers. We found a population of highly activated CD56(dim)CD16(+) NK cells that have recently degranulated, evidence of killing activity, and it is absent in healthy donors. A high percentage of these cells expressed natural killer cell p46-related protein (NKp46), natural-killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) and killer inhibitory receptors (KIRs) and a low percentage expressed NKG2A and CD94. They are also characterized by a high metabolic activity and active proliferation. Notably, we found that activated NK cells from hematological cancer patients have non-NK tumor cell antigens on their surface, evidence of trogocytosis during tumor cell killing. Finally, we found that these activated NK cells are distinguished by their CD45RA(+)RO(+) phenotype, as opposed to non-activated cells in patients or in healthy donors displaying a CD45RA(+)RO(-) phenotype similar to naïve T cells. In summary, we show that CD45RA(+)RO(+) cells, which resemble a unique NK population, have recognized tumor cells and degranulate in patients with hematological neoplasias.
Novel Low-Voltage MultiPulse Therapy to Terminate Atrial Fibrillation (2021)

MPT effectively terminated AF at voltages and energies known to be well tolerated or painless in some patients. Our results support further studies of the concept of implanted devices for early AF conversion to reduce AF burden, symptoms, and progression.
Measurement of the (anti-)3He elliptic flow in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV (2020)

The elliptic flow (v 2 ) of (anti-) 3 He is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV in the transversemomentum (p T ) range of 2-6 GeV/c for the centrality classes 0-20%, 20-40%, and 40-60% using the event-plane method. This measurement is compared to that of pions, kaons, and protons at the same center-of-mass energy. A clear mass ordering is observed at low p T , as expected from relativistic hydrodynamics. The violation of the scaling of v 2 with the number of constituent quarks at low p T , already observed for identified hadrons and deuterons at LHC energies, is confirmed also for (anti-) 3 He. The elliptic flow of (anti-) 3 He is underestimated by the Blast-Wave model and overestimated by a simple coalescence approach based on nucleon scaling. The elliptic flow of (anti-) 3 He measured in the centrality classes 0-20% and 20-40% is well described by a more sophisticated coalescence model where the phasespace distributions of protons and neutrons are generated using the iEBE-VISHNU hybrid model with AMPT initial conditions.
Supplementary Results, Figures 1-2, Table 1 from Cancer Biomarkers Defined by Autoantibody Signatures to Aberrant O-Glycopeptide Epitopes (2023)

Supplementary Results, Figures 1-2, Table 1 from Cancer Biomarkers Defined by Autoantibody Signatures to Aberrant O-Glycopeptide Epitopes
Bayesian Semi-supervised Crowdsourcing. (2020)

Crowdsourcing has emerged as a powerful paradigm for efficiently labeling large datasets and performing various learning tasks, by leveraging crowds of human annotators. When additional information is available about the data, semi-supervised crowdsourcing approaches that enhance the aggregation of labels from human annotators are well motivated. This work deals with semi-supervised crowdsourced classification, under two regimes of semi-supervision: a) label constraints, that provide ground-truth labels for a subset of data; and b) potentially easier to obtain instance-level constraints, that indicate relationships between pairs of data. Bayesian algorithms based on variational inference are developed for each regime, and their quantifiably improved performance, compared to unsupervised crowdsourcing, is analytically and empirically validated on several crowdsourcing datasets.
L’invalidation de CARD9 induit un microbiote intestinal pro-inflammatoire. (2015)

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Alterations in Human EEG Activity Caused by Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (2006)

This study has investigated whether extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can alter human brain activity. Linearly polarised magnetic flux density of 20 muT (rms) was generated using a standard double Helmholtz coils and applied to the human head over a sequence of 1 minute stimulations followed by one minute without stimulation in the following order of frequencies 50, 16.66, 13, 10, 8.33 and 4 Hz. We collected recordings on 33 human volunteers under double-blind counter-balanced conditions. Each stimulation lasted for two minutes followed by one minute post-stimulation EEG recording. The same procedure was repeated for the EMF control sessions, where the order of control and exposure sessions was determined randomly according to the subject's ID number. The rest period between two conditions (exposure and control) was 30 minutes. The results indicate that there was a significant increase in Alpha1, Alpha2, and Beta1 at the frontal brain region, and a significant decrease in Alpha2 band in parietal and occipital region due to EMF exposure.
Dynamics of oxygen binding to modified iron(II)–porphyrin complexes embedded in the bilayer of phospholipid liposome (1987)

Activation parameters have been determined for the binding of oxygen to 5,10,15,20-tetra{α-o-[2′,2′-dimethyl-20′-(2″-trimethylammonioethylphosphonatoxy)eicosanamido]phenyl}porphyrinato-iron(II)(lipid-heme) and 5,10,15,20-tetra(α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphyrinatoiron(II)(heme) complexes of 1-lauryl-2-methylimidazole embedded in the bilayer of phospholipid liposome (abbreviated liposome-embedded lipid-heme and heme, respectively). Activation parameters, ΔH‡on and ΔS‡on, for the liposome-embedded lipid-heme were consistent with those of hemoglobin and myoglobin, but those for the liposome-embedded heme were similar to those of red blood cells. A potential energy diagram and binding pathway for the oxygen-binding reaction to the Iiposome-embedded lipid-heme and to the liposome-embedded heme are discussed in comparison with those of hemoglobin.
Tough, Bioinspired Transparent Glass‐Ceramics (2022)

Transparent materials with high strength and toughness are highly demanded as engineering materials for consumer electronic, structural, and optical applications. Inspired by the “brick‐and‐mortar” structure in nacre, transparent glass/polymer composites have demonstrated an exceptionally high toughness and impact resistance. However, these composites suffer from low strength and low working temperatures due to polymeric components. Herein, a simple bioinspired approach to achieve a combination of high fracture toughness ( K IC = 2.0 MPa m 1/2 ) and optical transparency in a lithium disilicate/apatite glass‐ceramic through the creation of an acicular crystalline phase and a weak glassy interface is reported. This bioinspired approach represents a new pathway to manufacturing transparent materials for a variety of applications where mechanical performance is a necessity.
Synthesis of Nanotitania on the Surface of Titanium Metal in Ionic Liquids: Role of Water Additions (2018)

The anodic oxidation of a titanium metal electrode in two ionic liquids was studied of amorphous titania nanostructures were obtained. The nanostructures are formed only in the case where a hydrophilic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) with addition of some water is used as the electrolyte. The role of water is to provide a sort of construction material (source of oxygen) for titania nanostructures. In the hydrophobic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium), the thickness of the anodic oxide increases and no nanostructures are formed.
A probabilistic description-oriented approach for categorizing web documents (1999)

The automatic categorisation of web documents is becoming crucial for organising the huge amount of information available in the Internet. We are facing a new challenge due to the fact that web documents have a rich structure and are highly heterogeneous. Two ways to respond to this challenge are (1) using a representation of the content of web documents that captures these two characteristics and (2) using more effective classifiers.
Generation of efficient ultrafast laser-plasma x-ray sources (1991)

When a subpicosecond laser is focused onto the surface of a solid, a high-density, short-lived plasma is created. Experimental observations demonstrate that subpicosecond laser-produced plasmas can generate subpicosecond x-ray pulses under the right conditions. The plasma x-ray emission extends over a broad spectral bandwidth and arises mainly from continuum emissions in the high-density plasma. Such a plasma source can be very efficient because almost 90% of the excitation laser energy can be coupled into the solid target and used to heat the target electrons to high temperature.
Formal modeling and verification of DLK protocol (2011)

This paper presents a formal model for the analysis and verification of a multi-agent system based on the Distributed Lightweight Kerberos (DLK) protocol. Verifying the security protocol exposes security defects and aids in fixing them. The verification process of the DLK protocol uses the ProVerif tool. Based on this tool, the security mechanism of the protocol is clearly exposed. The results of using ProVerif indicate that DLK is secure as initially claimed.
Neuromodulation: selected approaches and challenges (2012)

The brain operates through complex interactions in the flow of information and signal processing within neural networks. The 'wiring' of such networks, being neuronal or glial, can physically and/or functionally go rogue in various pathological states. Neuromodulation, as a multidisciplinary venture, attempts to correct such faulty nets. In this review, selected approaches and challenges in neuromodulation are discussed. The use of water-dispersible carbon nanotubes has been proven effective in the modulation of neurite outgrowth in culture and in aiding regeneration after spinal cord injury in vivo. Studying neural circuits using computational biology and analytical engineering approaches brings to light geometrical mapping of dynamics within neural networks, much needed information for stimulation interventions in medical practice. Indeed, sophisticated desynchronization approaches used for brain stimulation have been successful in coaxing 'misfiring' neuronal circuits to resume productive firing patterns in various human disorders. Devices have been developed for the real-time measurement of various neurotransmitters as well as electrical activity in the human brain during electrical deep brain stimulation. Such devices can establish the dynamics of electrochemical changes in the brain during stimulation. With increasing application of nanomaterials in devices for electrical and chemical recording and stimulating in the brain, the era of cellular, and even intracellular, precision neuromodulation will soon be upon us.
A Computationally Efficient Shift-Register Based Information Scrambling Approach to Physical Layer Security in MIMO-SDM Systems (2016)

We show that a computationally efficient information scrambler based on a simple linear feedback shift register (LFSR) can establish perfect physical layer security in multiple-input-multiple-output space-division multiplexing (MIMO-SDM), with negligible penalty for the legitimate receiver.
RNA Inhibition Highlights Cyclin D1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2012)

Mantle cell lymphoma is characterized by a genetic translocation results in aberrant overexpression of the CCND1 gene, which encodes cyclin D1. This protein functions as a regulator of the cell cycle progression, hence is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this study, we used RNA interference strategies to examine whether cyclin D1 might serve as a therapeutic target for mantle cell lymphoma. Knocking down cyclin D1 resulted in significant growth retardation, cell cycle arrest, and most importantly, induction of apoptosis. These results mark cyclin D1 as a target for mantle cell lymphoma and emphasize the therapeutic potential hidden in its silencing.
Study on Low-Noise Fan. Noise Reduction of Pusher-Type Condenser Cooling Fan. (1993)

In order to reduce the noise from a fan for an automobile condenser cooling system, air flow around a blade of the fan was studied by flow visualization and measurements of pressure fluctuations on the blade surface. The pressure fluctuations were found to depend largely on the turbulence intensity of the inflow and to increase the noise. Using two-dimensional aerofoils at different radii from the leading edge, effects of the fineness of the blade nose on the pressure fluctuation were examined, and an aerofoil having the leading edge of a larger radius was found to suppress the pressure fluctuations. A considerable decrease in the turbulence noise was obtained by an axial fan having blades of a blunt nose without any deterioration of the performance.
Effect of composition on the thermal stability of sputter deposited hafnium aluminate and nitrided hafnium aluminate dielectrics on Si (100) (2007)

Hafnium aluminate (HfAlO) and nitrided hafnium aluminate (HfAlON) dielectrics were sputter deposited on Si (100) substrate. The N2∕(N2+Ar) flow ratio was varied between 0 and 66.6% in order to vary the nitrogen concentration. The Hf/Al ratio was varied from 0.5 to 1. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical measurements were utilized to characterize the as-deposited HfAlO and HfAlON films. The thermal stability studies of the HfAlO and HfAlON thin films after a 1000 °C, 10 s argon rapid thermal anneal were performed using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and backside secondary ion mass spectrometry. Suppression of crystallization and no detectible outdiffusion of hafnium and aluminum into the silicon substrate were seen for HfAlO and HfAlON thin films with a Hf/Al ratio of 0.5.