gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Micromechanical Tunneling Structures for Sensor Applications (1998)

Abstract : Electrostatically controlled micro-cantilevers with integrated tunnel junctions can form the basis of a number of interesting devices with sensor applications. Use of a tunnel junction provides an extremely sensitive way to sense the cantilever position. In its simplest form the device can be used as a high gain, extremely low power amplifier. If the cantilever were fabricated from a bimetallic strip, it becomes a temperature sensor suitable for use as an pixel element in an infrared focal plane array. Other potential applications include acoustic and seismic sensing. Preliminary cantilever fabrication results will be presented.
Lewis-Base Adducts of Main Group-1 Metal-Compounds. IX. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Adducts of the Lithium(1) Halides With N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine (1998)

Crystalline adducts of the lithium(I) halides, LiX (X = Cl , Br, I) with N,N,N',N'- tetramethylethyl-enediamine (tmeda) have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray studies. Both bromide and iodide form 1 : 1 adducts which are µ,µ-dihalo-bridged binuclear species, [( tmeda )LiX2Li( tmeda )], with four-coordinate N2LiX2 lithium environments; in addition, the iodide yields an ionic 1 : 2 adduct, [Li( tmeda )2]+I-. The chloride complex is a novel 3 : 2 polymer based an a double cubane Li6Cl6 unit solvated by chelating and bridging tmeda units.
Enhanced trellis coded multiple access (ETCMA) (2014)

We propose an enhanced version of trellis coded multiple access (TCMA), an overloaded multiple access scheme that outperforms the original TCMA in terms of achieved spectral efficiency. Enhanced TCMA (ETCMA) performs simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams intended for users experiencing similar signal-to-noise ratios and can be employed both in the uplink and in the downlink of wireless systems, thus overcoming one of the main limitations of TCMA. Thanks to a new receiver algorithm, ETCMA is capable of delivering a significantly higher spectral efficiency. We show that ETCMA approaches the capacity of the Additive White Gaussian Noise channel for a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios.
Optimal Schedule of Mobile Edge Computing for Internet of Things Using Partial Information (2017)

Mobile edge computing is of particular interest to Internet of Things (IoT), where inexpensive simple devices can get complex tasks offloaded to and processed at powerful infrastructure. Scheduling is challenging due to stochastic task arrivals and wireless channels, congested air interface, and more prominently, prohibitive feedbacks from thousands of devices. In this paper, we generate asymptotically optimal schedules tolerant to out-of-date network knowledge, thereby relieving stringent requirements on feedbacks. A perturbed Lyapunov function is designed to stochastically maximize a network utility balancing throughput and fairness. A knapsack problem is solved per slot for the optimal schedule, provided up-to-date knowledge on the data and energy backlogs of all devices. The knapsack problem is relaxed to accommodate out-of-date network states. Encapsulating the optimal schedule under up-to-date network knowledge, the solution under partial out-of-date knowledge preserves asymptotic optimality, and allows devices to self-nominate for feedback. Corroborated by simulations, our approach is able to dramatically reduce feedbacks at no cost of optimality. The number of devices that need to feed back is reduced to less than 60 out of a total of 5000 IoT devices.
Transportation of plasma jet in GOL-NB multiple-mirror trap (2016)

New experimental results on magnetic compression and transport of low-temperature arc plasma at ∼3 m distance are presented. The magnetic compression ratio of the plasma stream varied from 5 to 60 at the initial plasma diameter about 5 cm. Theory predicts that the multiple-mirror magnetic field should not significantly decelerate and weaken the collisional low-temperature arc plasma. In the experiments, the transport efficiency of the plasma stream in the multiple-mirror configuration of the solenoid was compared with the same in a uniform solenoidal field. As the result, the plasma with (1–4)×1020 m−3 density at the axis was obtained at ∼3 m distance from the arc plasma source. The experiments simulated the baseline scenario of GOL-NB filling by the start plasma. Finally, the experiments described in the paper validated the decisions made for the GOL-NB start plasma source.
Recombination patterns around the breakpoints of a balanced 1;11 autosomal translocation associated with major mental illness (1996)

The frequency and extent of pairing failure around human translocations are unknown. We have examined the pattern of recombination around the breakpoints of a balanced autosomal translocation t(1;11) (q43;q21) associated with major mental illness. DNA was available from 17 carriers and 10 non-translocation carriers with meioses involving four generations. The derivative 1 and 11 chromosomes were also isolated in somatic cell hybrids and used to confirm phase. We have genotyped pedigree members using 20 polymorphic markers within 10 cM on either side of both chromosome 1 and 11 breakpoints. We find no significant reduction of recombination in the vicinity of either breakpoint. However we estimate that there are insufficient meioses even in this large family to make a meaningful interpretation and suggest that sperm typing alone can answer these interesting questions.
Enrichment of human prostate cancer cells with tumor initiating properties in mouse and zebrafish xenografts by differential adhesion (2013)

Zebrafish PCa xenografts were used to determine that the frequency of prostate TICs varies among PCa cell lines and primary PCa tissues. These data support a paradigm of utilizing zebrafish xenografts to evaluate novel therapies targeting TICs in prostate cancer.
Increased normoxic ventilation induced by repetitive hypoxia in conscious dogs (1992)

To determine if a long-lasting increase in normoxic ventilatory drive is induced in conscious animals by repetitive hypoxia, we examined the normoxic [arterial O2 saturation (SaO2) > 93%] ventilatory response following successive episodes of 2-min eucapnic hypoxic challenges (SaO2 = 80%) in awake tracheotomized dogs. End-tidal CO2 was maintained at the resting level during and after repetitive hypoxia. The experimental protocol was performed twice in each of five dogs on separate days. To determine if changes in normoxic ventilation occurred between episodes of repetitive hypoxia, data were compared from six periods (epochs) for all experiments. The mean minute ventilation (VI) during three normoxic periods between episodes of intermittent hypoxia was 135, 154, and 169% of control (P < 0.05). VI during a 30-min recovery period was still higher at 183 and 172% of control (P < 0.05). Normoxic VI between hypoxic and recovery periods was significantly higher than the corresponding values in sham experiments. Our results indicate that a long-lasting increase in normoxic ventilation can be evoked in an awake unanesthetized dog by a short exposure to repetitive hypoxia.
The effects of knee joint effusion on quadriceps electromyography during jogging. (2005)

To investigate and describe the influence of intra-articular effusion on knee joint kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) profiles during jogging. Thirteen individuals underwent a 20 cc 0.9% saline insufflation of the knee joint capsule and completed 8 jogging trials. Stance phase, sagittal plane knee joint kinematics and thigh muscular EMG profiles were compared pre- and post-insufflation utilizing a paired t-test ( = 0.05). Mild knee effusion caused a reduction in vastus medialis (p = 0.005) and lateralis (p = 0.006) EMG activity. The rectus femoris, biceps femoris and medial hamstring muscles did not exhibit changes due to this protocol. There were no changes in the sagittal plane knee joint kinematic pattern. Twenty cc effusion can cause quadriceps inhibition in the vastus medialis and the vastus lateralis in otherwise healthy individuals during jogging. This study provides baseline data for the effects of mild knee joint effusion on thigh musculature during jogging. Key Points20 cc of knee effusion can cause vastus medialis and lateralis inhibition as noted by decreases in EMG amplitude.This effusion does not appear to alter sagittal plane knee joint kinematics during jogging.This finding if different from previous work investigating knee joint kinematic changes during a less dynamic activity (gait) with 20 cc of effusion.
Measurements of Beta Ray Spectra in CANDU Nuclear Generating Stations Using a Silicon Detector Coincidence Telescope (1996)

The measurement of beta ray spectra at various work locations inside nuclear generating stations operated by Ontario Hydro is described. The measurements were carried out using an advanced coincidence telescope spectrometer using silicon detectors only. The spectometer is capable of measuring electron energies over the range 60 keV-2500 keV with close to 100% coincidence efficiency. Photon rejection is carried out by requiring a coincidence between either two or three silicon detectors. Monte Carlo calculations were then used to estimate beta correction factors for the LiF:Mg,Ti elements used in the Ontario Hydro thermoluminescence dosemeters. Averaging over all the measured beta correction factors for the 'skin' chip (100 mg.cm-2) results in a value of 2.73 � 0.77 and for the extremity dosemeter (240 mg.cm-2) an average value of 4.42 � 1.17 is obtained. These values are 57% and 120% greater, respectively, than the current values used by Ontario Hydro. In addition, beta correction factors for nine representative spectra were calculated for 40 mg.cm-2 and 20 mg.cm-2 chips and the results demonstrate the benefits of decreased dosemeter thickness. The average value of the beta correction factor, as well as the spread in the beta correction factor, decreases dramatically from 4.80 � 2.1 (240 mg.cm-2) to 1.29 � 0.1 (20 mg.cm-2).
Ferroptosis response segregates small cell lung cancer (SCLC) neuroendocrine subtypes (2021)

Loss of TP53 and RB1 in treatment-naïve small cell lung cancer (SCLC) suggests selective pressure to inactivate cell death pathways prior to therapy. Yet, which of these pathways remain available in treatment-naïve SCLC is unknown. Here, through systemic analysis of cell death pathway availability in treatment-naïve SCLC, we identify non-neuroendocrine (NE) SCLC to be vulnerable to ferroptosis through subtype-specific lipidome remodeling. While NE SCLC is ferroptosis resistant, it acquires selective addiction to the TRX anti-oxidant pathway. In experimental settings of non-NE/NE intratumoral heterogeneity, non-NE or NE populations are selectively depleted by ferroptosis or TRX pathway inhibition, respectively. Preventing subtype plasticity observed under single pathway targeting, combined treatment kills established non-NE and NE tumors in xenografts, genetically engineered mouse models of SCLC and patient-derived cells, and identifies a patient subset with drastically improved overall survival. These findings reveal cell death pathway mining as a means to identify rational combination therapies for SCLC.
Development of professional standards in the area of medical and biological waste management for workers of 3-4 skill levels (2021)

Issues related to the updating of professional standards for workers of 3-4 skill levels are relevant for all sectors of the national economy. In this study, we have analyzed the qualifications and training of the main participants in the labor market in the field of biomedical waste management in health care organizations, agriculture and veterinary medicine, food and biotechnology industries, food trade, hospitality sectors, tourism, as well as other organizations in which medico-biological waste is generated. The purpose of this work is to analyze the algorithm for updating professional standards for management of medical and biological waste specialists.&#x0D; In the course of updating the Professional standard Worker in the area of medical and biological waste management, employees of the Department of Industrial Ecology of the Saint Petersburg Chemical and Pharmaceutical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation made a proposal to supplement the labor functions of this standard with new competencies and a new qualification Specialist in medical waste management, formed in the organizations of pharmaceutical activity.
Computational Analysis of the Electro-Mechanical Activation Sequence of the Myocardium (2009)

In 1975 the valencian cardiologist F. Torrent-Guasp described the heart as a Helical Ventricular Myocardial Band (HVMB) in which “The ventricular myocardium is presented when it is unrolled under the form of a single big muscular band that, due to its special disposition, describes two cavities in the intact heart” [1]. It gives a different perspective of the morphology of the heart than the current and it could explain better and most coherently the propagation of the electrical stimulus which activates the shortening of the fibres, the complex deformation movement of the heart and maybe an explanation about understanding the cardiac contraction.
A New Anatomically Contoured Large Diameter Femoral Head to Alleviate Soft-Tissue Impingement in Hip Arthroplasty (2013)

Introduction: Large diameter femoral heads have been used successfully to prevent dislocation after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). However, recent studies show that the peripheral region of contemporary femoral heads can directly impinge against the native soft-tissues, particularly the iliopsoas, leading to activity limiting anterior hip pain. This is because the spherical articular surface of contemporary prosthesis overhangs beyond that of the native anatomy (Fig. 1). The goal of this research was to develop an anatomically shaped, soft-tissue friendly large diameter femoral head that retains the benefits of contemporary implants. Methods: Various Anatomically Contoured femoral Head (ACH) designs were constructed, wherein the articular surface extending from the pole to a theta (θ) angle, matched that of contemporary implants (Fig. 2). However, the articular surface in the peripheral region was moved inward towards the femoral head center, thereby reducing material that could impinge on the soft-tissues (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). Finite element analysis was used to determine the femoroacetabular contact area under peak in vivo loads during different activities. Dynamic simulations were used to determine jump distance prior to posterior dislocation under different dislocation modes. Published data was used to compare the implant articular geometry to native anatomy (Fig. 3). These analyses were used to optimize the soft-tissue relief, while retaining the load bearing contact area, and the dislocation resistance of conventional implants. Results: The resulting ACH prosthesis retained the large diameter profile of contemporary implants over an approximately hemispherical portion (Fig. 2). Beyond this, the peripheral articular surface was composed of smaller convex radii. With this design, the jump distance under posterior and anterior dislocation modes, and the femoroacetabular contact area under loads corresponding to walking, deep knee bend and chair sit, remained identical to that of contemporary implants. Additionally, while contemporary prosthesis extended beyond the native articular surface in the distal-medial and proximal-lateral regions (shaded grey), the ACH implant remained within the margins of the native anatomy (Fig. 3). Conclusion: A novel large diameter anatomically contoured femoral head prosthesis was developed, to mitigate the soft-tissue impingement with contemporary prosthesis. The ACH retained the large diameter profile of contemporary implants over a hemispherical portion. However, in the peripheral region, the ACH had a smaller profile to reduce soft-tissue impingement.
Boosting of ALVAC-SIV Vaccine-Primed Macaques with the CD4-SIVgp120 Fusion Protein Elicits Antibodies to V2 Associated with a Decreased Risk of SIVmac251 Acquisition (2016)

The recombinant ALVAC vaccine coupled with the monomeric gp120/alum protein have decreased the risk of HIV and SIV acquisition. Ab responses to the V1/V2 regions have correlated with a decreased risk of virus acquisition in both humans and macaques. We hypothesized that the breadth and functional profile of Abs induced by an ALVAC/envelope protein regimen could be improved by substituting the monomeric gp120 boost, with the full-length single-chain (FLSC) protein. FLSC is a CD4-gp120 fusion immunogen that exposes cryptic gp120 epitopes to the immune system. We compared the immunogenicity and relative efficiency of an ALVAC-SIV vaccine boosted either with bivalent FLSC proteins or with monomeric gp120 in alum. FLSC was superior to monomeric gp120 in directing Abs to the C3 α2 helix, the V5 loop, and the V3 region that contains the putative CCR5 binding site. In addition, FLSC boosting elicited significantly higher binding Abs to V2 and increased both the Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity and the breadth of neutralizing Abs. However, the FLSC vaccine regimen demonstrated only a trend in vaccine efficacy, whereas the monomeric gp120 regimen significantly decreased the risk of SIVmac251 acquisition. In both vaccine regimens, anti-V2 Abs correlated with a decreased risk of virus acquisition but differed with regard to systemic or mucosal origin. In the FLSC regimen, serum Abs to V2 correlated, whereas in the monomeric gp120 regimen, V2 Abs in rectal secretions, the site of viral challenge, were associated with efficacy.
The H-NS protein represses transcription of the eltAB operon, which encodes heat-labile enterotoxin in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, by binding to regions downstream of the promoter (2005)

Heat-labile enterotoxin, a major virulence determinant of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, is encoded by the eltAB operon. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which the heat-stable nucleoid-structural (H-NS) protein controls transcription of eltAB, the authors constructed an eltAB-lacZ transcriptional fusion and performed beta-galactosidase analysis. The results showed that H-NS protein exerts fivefold repression on transcription from the eltAB promoter at 37 degrees C and 10-fold repression at 22 degrees C. Two silencer regions that were required for H-NS-mediated repression of eltAB expression were identified, both of which were located downstream of the start site of transcription. One silencer was located between +31 and +110, the other between +460 and +556, relative to the start site of transcription, and they worked cooperatively in repression. DNA sequences containing the silencers were predicted to be curved by in silico analysis and bound H-NS protein directly in vitro. Repression of eltAB transcription by H-NS was independent of promoter strength, and the presence of H-NS protein did not affect promoter opening in vitro, indicating that repression was achieved by inhibiting promoter clearance or blocking transcription elongation, probably via DNA looping between the two silencers.
MARSHALL bundles elimination, Pulmonary veins isolation and Lines completion for ANatomical ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation: MARSHALL‐PLAN case series (2018)

The present case series reports a new ablation strategy systematically targeting anatomical structures previously identified as possibly involved in the fibrillatory process and the recurrent tachycardias. The resulting lesion set provides good short-term outcomes. Although promising, these preliminary results need to be confirmed in the larger prospective study.
Solution-based low-temperature CsPbI3 nanoparticle perovskite solar cells (2021)

This work reports on low-temperature inorganic CsPbI 3 perovskite nanostructures synthesized as the active black phase, without the additional use of organic ligands and based only on CsI and PbI 2 precursors.
Development of high-resolution 4Din vivo-CT for visualization of cardiac and respiratory deformations of small animals (2008)

The interest in small animal models of human diseases has generated a need to design a computed tomography (CT) system that operates at a microscopic level. It is particularly important to be able to visualize the dramatic rhythmical motion of organs such as the heart and lungs. In order to evaluate the motion of the heart and lungs of small animals (rats and mice), we developed in the present study a high-resolution 4D in vivo-CT system for small animals that uses synchrotron radiation. To reduce motion artifacts and the radiation dose, the projections were synchronized with airway pressure, the ECG, the x-ray shutter and the CCD shutter. For cardiovascular imaging, a blood pool contrast agent was injected and the data sets were acquired at several ECG points during the end-expiratory phase. For imaging of the lungs, the data sets were acquired at several airway pressures during diastole. The dynamic motion of the cardiovascular system (the ventricles and coronary arteries) and small airways (diameter > 250 microm of rats and 125 microm of mice) was visualized. This high-resolution imaging tool may be very useful for the development of novel drugs in murine models, in addition to its use in the study of cardiovascular and respiratory physiology.
NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression and immunogenicity in advanced prostate cancer. (2003)

NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression was investigated in advanced prostate cancer by conventional and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NY-ESO-1 mRNA was detected in 20 of 53 (38%) tumor specimens. Four of 15 (27%) stage C, 1 of 3 stage D1 (33%) and 15 of 35 (43%) stage D2 prostate cancers were positive. The presence of NY-ESO-1 antibodies was evaluated in sera from a panel of 218 patients with prostate cancer, including the 53 patients whose tumors were examined for NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression. NY-ESO-1 antibodies were detected in 1 of 30 (3.3%) stage D1 and 9 of 110 (8.2%) stage D2 patients, whereas none of the 78 patients with localized prostate cancer (stages A, B and C) had detectable NY-ESO-1 antibodies. Of the 53 patients whose tumors were examined for NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression, 2 of 20 patients with NY-ESO-1 mRNA-positive tumors had NY-ESO-1 antibodies. No antibody was found in the sera of 32 patients with NY-ESO-1 mRNA-negative tumors, with the exception of one patient with regional lymph node metastasis (stage D1). CD8 T cell responses specific to NY-ESO-1 were detected in two of three patients with NY-ESO-1 antibodies.
Mesolimbic Dopamine Dynamically Tracks, and Is Causally Linked to, Discrete Aspects of Value-Based Decision Making (2020)

To make appropriate choices, organisms must weigh the costs and benefits of potential valuable outcomes, a process known to involve the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and its dopaminergic input. However, it is currently unknown if dopamine dynamically tracks alterations in expected reward value `on-line' as behavioral preferences change, and if so, if it is causally linked to specific components of value such as reward magnitude and/or delay to reinforcement.