gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-level cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: 10-year outcomes of a prospective, randomized investigational device exemption clinical trial (2019)

The Prestige LP Cervical Disc, implanted at two adjacent levels, maintains improved clinical outcomes and segmental motion 10 years after surgery and is a safe and effective alternative to fusion.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00637156 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Incidence and Injury Characteristics of Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries in Male Collegiate Ice Hockey Players (2013)

The lost time relates directly to the severity of injury.
The ‘Amoeboid Predator-Fungal Animal Virulence’ Hypothesis (2019)

The observation that some aspects of amoeba-fungal interactions resemble animal phagocytic cell-fungal interactions, together with the finding that amoeba passage can enhance the virulence of some pathogenic fungi, has stimulated interest in the amoeba as a model system for the study of fungal virulence. Amoeba provide a relatively easy and cheap model system where multiple variables can be controlled for the study of fungi-protozoal (amoeba) interactions. Consequently, there have been significant efforts to study fungal⁻amoeba interactions in the laboratory, which have already provided new insights into the origin of fungal virulence as well as suggested new avenues for experimentation. In this essay we review the available literature, which highlights the varied nature of amoeba-fungal interactions and suggests some unsolved questions that are potential areas for future investigation. Overall, results from multiple independent groups support the 'amoeboid predator⁻fungal animal virulence hypothesis', which posits that fungal cell predation by amoeba can select for traits that also function during animal infection to promote their survival and thus contribute to virulence.
Reflectance and transmittance model for recto-verso halftone prints: spectral predictions with multi-ink halftones (2009)

We extend a previously proposed spectral reflectance and transmittance prediction model for recto-verso prints to the case of multi-ink halftones. The model takes into account the multiple reflections and the lateral propagation of light within the paper substrate (optical dot gain) as well as the spreading of the inks according to their superposition conditions (mechanical dot gain). The model accounts for the orientation of the incident and exiting lights when traversing the halftone ink layers, which enables modeling the measuring geometry. The equations for the calibration of the model and for the predictions are presented in detail. Several experiments with inkjet prints show that the multi-ink halftone transmittance model is as accurate as the actually most performing reflectance models for halftone prints.
Supplemental Table 2 from MHC Class I Loss Is a Frequent Mechanism of Immune Escape in Papillary Thyroid Cancer That Is Reversed by Interferon and Selumetinib Treatment <i>In Vitro</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 2. &lt;b&gt;Clinical and pathologic data for 33 subjects with papillary thyroid cancer.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
High-energy, diode-pumped laser amplification in Yb:CaF2 and Yb:SrF2 (2009)

We present nanosecond pulse amplification to the Joule-level based on diode-pumped Yb:CaF2 and Yb:SrF2. When seeding with microsecond pulses a maximum pulse energy of 1.54 J at a repetition rate of 1 Hz was achieved.
Correction: Katanin Localization Requires Triplet Microtubules in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2016)

The authors would like to correct Fig 1, as errors were introduced in the preparation of this figure for publication. In Fig 1B, the bld2-6; BLD2 panel and the pf15-1; PF15HA panel are duplicates. The authors regrew the cell cultures in these panels, as well as the parental strains shown in the same panels of Fig 1A, and they have provided a corrected version of Fig 1 here.



Fig 1

Basal body mutant strains show supersensitivity to Taxol.



The authors confirm that these changes do not alter their findings. The authors have provided the underlying images as Supporting Information.
Learning by adapting representations in genetic programming (2002)

Machine learning aims towards the acquisition of knowledge, based either on experience from the interaction with the external environment or by analyzing the internal problem-solving traces. Genetic programming (GP) has been effective in learning via interaction, but so far there have not been any significant tests to show that GP can take advantage of its own search traces. This paper demonstrates how an analysis of the evolution trace enables the genetic search to discover useful genetic material and to use it in order to accelerate the search process. The key idea is that of genetic material discovery which enables a restructuring of the search space so that solutions can be much more easily found.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Channel estimation using time multiplexed pilot symbols for coherent RAKE combining for DS-CDMA mobile radio (2002)

Coherent DS-CDMA forward and reverse links periodically transmitting pilot symbols every data slot to estimate the fading channels are considered; Np-pilot systems are placed at the beginning of each data slot. A pilot symbol-assisted channel estimation scheme that uses weighted multi-slot averaging (WMSA) is presented for coherent RAKE combining. The BER performance achievable by WMSA coherent RAKE combining is evaluated by computer simulations under multipath Rayleigh fading environments and compared with those of other channel estimation methods. For the DS-CDMA reverse link, fast transmit power control (TPC) based on measured signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is employed so the simulation also considers fast closed loop TPC. It is demonstrated by computer simulations that the required signal energy per bit-to-background noise power spectrum density ratio (E/sub b//N/sub 0/) can be reduced by about 0.8 dB compared to RAKE combining using simple linear interpolation and that the E/sub b//N/sub 0/ loss from the ideal channel estimation is as small as 0.5 dB both with and without antenna diversity. The BER performance achievable by the time multiplexed pilot is also compared with that of the parallel pilot channel.
Retargeting Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Using Measles Virus Envelope Glycoproteins (2011)

Oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has potent antitumor activity, but infects a broad range of cell types. Here, we used the measles virus (MV) hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) envelope glycoproteins to redirect VSV entry and infection specifically to tumor-associated receptors. Replication-defective VSV, deleted of its glycoprotein gene (VSVΔG), was pseudotyped with MV-F and MV-H displaying single-chain antibodies (scFv) specific for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), folate receptor (FR), or prostate membrane-specific antigen (PSMA). Viral titers were ∼10(5) PFU/ml, but could be concentrated to 10(7) PFU/ml. Immunoblotting confirmed incorporation of the MV-H-scFv and MV-F into functional VSV virions. Although VSV-G was able to infect all tumor cell lines tested, the retargeted VSV infected only cells that expressed the targeted receptor. In vivo specificities of the EGFR-, FR-, and PSMA-retargeted VSV were assessed by intratumoral injection into human tumor xenografts. Analysis of green fluorescent protein reporter gene expression indicated that VSV infection was restricted to receptor-positive tumors. In summary, we have demonstrated for the first time that VSV can be efficiently retargeted to different cellular receptors using the measles display technology, yielding retargeted VSV vectors that are highly specific for tumors that express the relevant receptor.
T-cell strategies in AIDS vaccines (1989)

From the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, UK Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Planar, linear GaAs detector-amplifier array with an insulating AlGaAs spacing layer between the detector and transistor layers (1988)

Monolithic, high-speed planar, linear, parallel channel, ten-element GaAs detector-amplifier arrays with a 70- mu m detector center-to-center spacing have been fabricated using a GaAs-AlGaAs-GaAs epitaxial structure grown on semi-insulating GaAs. The AlGaAs layer provided excellent electrical isolation between the transistor and n-type photoconductor epitaxial layers. Rise and fall times of integrated detector-amplifier array channels of 650 ps and 1.1 ns, respectively, were measured at 0.84- mu m wavelength. The sensitivity of single, discrete, detector-amplifier channels was better than -34 dBm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Clinical Illness and Outcomes in Patients with Ebola in Sierra Leone (2014)

The incubation period and case fatality rate among patients with EVD in Sierra Leone are similar to those observed elsewhere in the 2014 outbreak and in previous outbreaks. Although bleeding was an infrequent finding, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal manifestations were common. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
Dichlorobis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium (2013)

[1271-19-8] C10H10Cl2Ti (MW 248.98) InChI = 1S/2C5H5.2ClH.Ti/c2*1-2-4-5-3-1;;;/h2*1-5H;2*1H;/q;;;;+2/p-2 InChIKey = XKLWATAZDMHTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-L (used in hydrometalation and reduction; pinacol coupling reagent; carbometalation reagent; deoxygenation reagent; addition to carbonyls; Lewis acid catalyst; alkenation reagent) Alternate Name: titanocene dichloride. Physical Data: mp 289 °C; d 1.600 g cm−3. Solubility: sol toluene, chloroform, alcohol, and other hydroxylic solvents; sparingly sol water, petroleum ether, benzene, ether, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride. Form Supplied in: purple solid; commercially available. Preparative Methods: see Wilkinson and Birmingham2a and Clearfield et al.2b Handling, Storage, and Precautions: moisture sensitive; irritant; combustible.
Functional Effects of Cardiomyocyte Injury in COVID-19 (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple organs, including the heart. Analyses of hospitalized patients show that a substantial number without prior indication of heart disease or comorbidities show significant injury to heart tissue, assessed by increased levels of troponin in blood.
Atrial Fibrillation and the Prognostic Performance of Biomarkers in Heart Failure (2020)

Abstract Background Consideration of circulating biomarkers for risk stratification in heart failure (HF) is recommended, but the influence of atrial fibrillation (AF) on prognostic performance of many markers is unclear. We investigated the influence of AF on the prognostic performance of circulating biomarkers in HF. Methods N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), mid-regional-pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), NT-proCNP, high-sensitivity troponin-T, high-sensitivity troponin-I, mid-regional-propeptide adrenomedullin, co-peptin, growth differentiation factor-15, soluble Suppressor of Tumorigenicitiy (sST2), galectin-3, and procalcitonin plasma concentrations were measured in a prospective, multicenter study of adults with HF. AF was defined as a previous history of AF, and/or presence of AF/flutter on baseline 12-lead electrocardiogram. The primary outcome was the composite of HF-hospitalization or all-cause mortality at 2 years. Results Among 1099 patients (age 62 ± 12years, 28% female), 261(24%) patients had AF. Above-median concentrations of all biomarkers were independently associated with increased risk of the primary outcome. Significant interactions with AF were detected for galectin-3 and sST2. In considering NT-proBNP for additive risk stratification, sST2 (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]1.85, 95%confidence interval [C.I.] 1.17-2.91) and galectin-3 (AHR1.85, 95%C.I. 1.09-2.45) were independently associated with increased primary outcome only in the presence of AF. The prognostic performance of sST2 was also stronger in AF for all-cause mortality (AF: AHR2.82, 95%C.I. 1.26-6.21; non-AF: AHR1.78, 95% C.I. 1.14-2.76 without AF), while galectin-3 predicted HF-hospitalization only in AF (AHR1.64, 95%C.I. 1.03-2.62). Conclusions AF modified the prognostic utility of selected guideline-endorsed HF-biomarkers. Application of markers for prognostic purposes in HF requires consideration of the presence or absence of AF. Clinical trial registration ACTRN12610000374066
157-nm chromeless phase lithography with extremely high numerical aperture (2004)

Chromeless Phase Lithography is known as an effective resolution enhancement technique for isolated line patterns. We fabricated a chromeless phase lithography mask for 157-nm lithography, and evaluated the lithographic performance using a 0.90 numerical aperture 157-nm microstepper. To obtain the best resolution, illumination condition was optimized to conventional illumination with 0.7 partial coherence (&sigma;) using lithography simulation. In the exposure experiment, 30-nm-wide isolated line, 30-nm-wide 140-nm-pitch line-and-space, and 30-nm-wide static random access memory (SRAM) gate patterns were resolved. Further lithography simulation results indicated that the resolution limit of 24-nm would be obtained by eliminating the image degradation factors such as the aberration, flare, and central obscuration.
Photochemistry of Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Cyclobutanediones. II. Effect of Oxygen (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Cyclobutanediones. II. Effect of OxygenPeter A. Leermakers, George F. Vesley, Nicholas J. Turro, and Douglas C. NeckersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 19, 4213–4215Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01073a074https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01073a074research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diagnostic Criteria during SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong (2004)

that the quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of public health intervention measures for SARS is a difficult task for modelers. To make models useful for assessing the effects of specific intervention measures and for predicting the future dynamics during an ongoing epidemic, we need improved knowledge on the transmission mechanisms, pathogenesis, and the epidemiologic determinants of the spread of the virus. Any retrospective analysis of the 2003 SARS epidemic that improves our knowledge of SARS epidemiology is welcome.
Data from PPAR-Induced Fatty Acid Oxidation in T Cells Increases the Number of Tumor-Reactive CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Facilitates Anti–PD-1 Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Although PD-1 blockade cancer immunotherapy has shown potential for a wide range of patients with cancer, its efficacy is limited, in part, due to the loss of effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) via terminal differentiation–induced apoptosis. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial activation, by the agonists of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/transcription factor complexes, had synergistic effects with a PD-1–blocking monoclonal antibody in a mouse tumor model. In the current study, we examined the molecular mechanism of the synergistic effects of bezafibrate, an agonist of PGC-1α/ PPAR complexes, which enhanced the tumoricidal effects of PD-1 blockade. Bezafibrate activated CTL mitochondria and upregulated oxidative phosphorylation as well as glycolysis, resulting in more proliferation of naïve T cells and improved effector function in CTLs. Bezafibrate also increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and mitochondrial respiratory capacity, which supports the extra energy demands of cells in emergencies, allowing cell survival. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (Cpt1), which is needed for FAO, and Bcl2 were both upregulated. Cpt1 and Bcl2 can form a complex to prevent apoptosis of CTLs. Together, these results indicate that bezafibrate increases or maintains the number of functional CTLs by activating mitochondrial and cellular metabolism, leading in turn to enhanced antitumor immunity during PD-1 blockade. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 6(11); 1375–87. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Visual tracking in stereo (1981)

A method is described for visual object tracking by a computer vision system using TV cameras and special low-level image processing hardware. The tracker maintains an internal model of the location, orientation, and velocity of the object in three-dimensional space. This model is used to predict where features of the object will lie on the two-dimensional images produced by stereo TV cameras. The differences in the locations of features in the two-dimensional images as predicted by the internal model and as actually seen create an error signal in the two-dimensional representation. This is multiplied by a generalized inverse Jacobian matrix to deduce the error in the internal model. The procedure repeats to update the internal model of the object's location, orientation and velocity continuously.
Integration Workbench: Integrating Schema Integration Tools (2006)

A key aspect of any data integration endeavor is establishing a transformation that translates instances of one or more source schemata into instances of a target schema. This schema integration task must be tackled regardless of the integration architecture or mapping formalism. In this paper we provide a task model for schema integration. We use this breakdown to motivate a workbench for schema integration in which multiple tools share a common knowledge repository. In particular, the workbench facilitates the interoperation of research prototypes for schema matching (which automatically identify likely semantic correspondences) with commercial schema mapping tools (which help produce instance-level transformations). Currently, each of these tools provides its own ad hoc representation of schemata and mappings; combining these tools requires aligning these representations. The workbench provides a common representation so that these tools can more rapidly be combined.
Smart Cards Without Chip Modules (2002)

Chapter Eight covers the latest trend in smart cards: smart cards without chip modules. Smart cards without chip modules have chip embedded directly into the card body. MOSAIC, Shellpack and Flip-chip technology are discussed.
Cytotoxic polyfunctionality maturation of cytomegalovirus-pp65-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses in older adults positively correlates with response size (2016)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common persistent viral infections in humans worldwide and is epidemiologically associated with many adverse health consequences during aging. Previous studies yielded conflicting results regarding whether large, CMV-specific T-cell expansions maintain their function during human aging. In the current study, we examined the in vitro CMV-pp65-reactive T-cell response by comprehensively studying five effector functions (i.e., interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, perforin, and CD107a expression) in 76 seropositive individuals aged 70 years or older. Two data-driven, polyfunctionality panels (IL-2-associated and cytotoxicity-associated) derived from effector function co-expression patterns were used to analyze the results. We found that, CMV-pp65-reactive CD8 + and CD4 + T cells contained similar polyfunctional subsets, and the level of polyfunctionality was related to the size of antigen-specific response. In both CD8 + and CD4 + cells, polyfunctional cells with high cytotoxic potential accounted for a larger proportion of the total response as the total response size increased. Notably, a higher serum CMV-IgG level was positively associated with a larger T-cell response size and a higher level of cytotoxic polyfunctionality. These findings indicate that CMV-pp65-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell undergo simultaneous cytotoxic polyfunctionality maturation during aging.
The Parameterized Complexity of Quantum Verification (2022)

We initiate the study of parameterized complexity of $\textsf{QMA}$ problems in terms of the number of non-Clifford gates in the problem description. We show that for the problem of parameterized quantum circuit satisfiability, there exists a classical algorithm solving the problem with a runtime scaling exponentially in the number of non-Clifford gates but only polynomially with the system size. This result follows from our main result, that for any Clifford + $t$ $T$-gate quantum circuit satisfiability problem, the search space of optimal witnesses can be reduced to a stabilizer subspace isomorphic to at most $t$ qubits (independent of the system size). Furthermore, we derive new lower bounds on the $T$-count of circuit satisfiability instances and the $T$-count of the $W$-state assuming the classical exponential time hypothesis ($\textsf{ETH}$). Lastly, we explore the parameterized complexity of the quantum non-identity check problem.
Advantages of orthogonal inspection in chemometrics (2012)

The demand for chemometrics tools and concepts to study complex problems in modern biology and medicine has prompted chemometricians to shift their focus away from a traditional emphasis on model predictive capacity toward optimizing information exchange via model interpretation for biological validation. The interpretation of projection‐based latent variable models is not straightforward because of its confounding of different systematic variations in the model components. Over the last 15 years, this has spurred the development of orthogonal‐based methods that are capable of separating the correlated variation (to Y) from the noncorrelated (orthogonal to Y) variations in a single model. Here, we aim to provide a conceptual explanation of the advantages of orthogonal variation inspection in the context of Partial Least Squares (PLS) in multivariate classification and calibration. We propose that by inspecting the orthogonal variation, both model interpretation and information quality are improved by enhancement of the resulting level of knowledge. Although the predictive capacity of PLS using orthogonal methods may be identical to that of PLS alone, the combined result can be superior when it comes to the model interpretation. By discussing theory and examples, several new advantages revealed by inspection of orthogonal variation are highlighted. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.