gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Bone-Sparing Effect of Soy Isoflavones by Pre- and Probiotics in Postmenopausal women (2008)

Background Phytoestrogens consumption is targeted as a possible way to achieve hormonal permeation in postmenopausal women. However, their health effect could depend on their bioavailability. Objectives As phytoestrogens bioavailability could be improved by modulating intestinal microflora, the present study was undertaken to investigate whether isoflavones and pre-or probiotics may improve bone markers. Design An intervention trial (2 months) was carried out on 39 postmenopausal women receiving 100 mg of IF aglycon equivalents daily, incorporated in two jelly milk and two cereal bars. After the first month, the participants were randomised into three treatment groups: soy (control group), soy + fructooligosaccharides (prebiotics group) and soy + yoghurt cultures (probiotics group). Results Level of isoflavone intake was associated with a significant increase in plasma isoflavone levels from baseline to day 15 which was maintained until day 60. Probiotics consumption was associated with increased plasma equol levels at day 60. A 5% increase of bone alkaline phosphatase was elicited on day 30, compared to initial values. Pre- or probiotics did not modulate this parameter. Urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion was slightly increased at day 60. Prebiotics and probiotics consumption improved this parameter. The effect of prebiotics was exacerbated in early compared to late postmenopausal women. Conclusion Addition of prebiotics or probiotics to a diet providing isoflavones is able to improve parameters of bone turnover in early menopause.
Super-resolution for mixed-resolution multiview image plus depth data using a novel two-stage high-frequency extrapolation method for occluded areas (2015)

Mixed-resolution multiview setups offer great savings in both, costs regarding the equipment acquisition and complexity refering to data transmission and storage. However, for applications like free viewpoint television, high-resolution images are desired from all available camera perspectives. Therefore, high-frequency information of adjacent high-resolution cameras can be used to increase the visual quality of a low-resolution camera perspective. However, due to occlusions, some parts of the scene are invisible in the high-resolution views and cannot be synthesized from the reference images. In this paper, a novel high-frequency extrapolation method is proposed, utilizing additional sampling points pre-estimated by a low-resolution block-matching approach. Averaged over all considered test sets, the proposed method achieves a PSNR gain of 0.94 dB with respect to the unrefined signal extrapolation algorithm.
A multicentric, international matched pair analysis of body composition in peritoneal dialysis versus haemodialysis patients (2013)

The LTI was impaired, and this was more in males versus females, but was better preserved on PD versus HD, whereas fat tissue index (FTI) was increased, but not different between PD and HD. Volume overload was more present in PD versus HD when TAVO, but not when predialysis volume status, was used as a reference.
Transcription Factor CREB3L1 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Genes in the Osmotically Challenged Rat Hypothalamus (2015)

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is synthesised in magnocellular neurons (MCNs) of supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. In response to the hyperosmotic stressors of dehydration (complete fluid deprivation, DH) or salt loading (drinking 2% salt solution, SL), AVP synthesis increases in MCNs, which over-burdens the protein folding machinery in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are signaling pathways that improve ER function in response to the accumulation of misfold/unfold protein. We asked whether an ER stress response was activated in the SON and PVN of DH and SL rats. We observed increased mRNA expression for the immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP), activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4), C/EBP-homologous protein (Chop), and cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1 (Creb3l1) in both SON and PVN of DH and SL rats. Although we found no changes in the splicing pattern of X box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1), an increase in the level of the unspliced form of Xbp1 (Xbp1U) was observed in DH and SL rats. CREB3L1, a novel ER stress inducer, has been shown to be activated by ER stress to regulate the expression of target genes. We have previously shown that CREB3L1 is a transcriptional regulator of the AVP gene; however, a role for CREB3L1 in the response to ER stress has yet to be investigated in MCNs. Here, we used lentiviral vectors to introduce a dominant negative form of CREB3L1 (CREB3L1DN) in the rat SON. Expression of CREB3L1DN in the SON decreased Chop and Xbp1U mRNA levels, but not BiP and Atf4 transcript expression. CREB3L1 is thus implicated as a transcriptional mediator of the ER stress response in the osmotically stimulated SON.
Automated Electronic Reminders to Improve Redosing of Antibiotics during Surgical Cases: Comparison of Two Approaches (2010)

Compared with the simple reminders generated with AIMS, the relevant, informative messages generated with SAM were more effective in improving compliance with timely antibiotic re-doses.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Oxidation of Phenols to p‐Quinones with the Hydrogen Peroxide and Methyltrioxorhenium(VII) System. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Virtual Cooperation for Throughput Maximization in Distributed Large-Scale Wireless Networks (2010)

A distributed wireless network with links is considered, where the links are partitioned into clusters each operating in a subchannel with bandwidth . The subchannels are assumed to be orthogonal to each other. A general shadow-fading model described by the probability of shadowing and the average cross-link gains is considered. The main goal is to find the maximum network throughput in the asymptotic regime of , which is achieved by: (i) proposing a distributed power allocation strategy, where the objective of each user is to maximize its best estimate (based on its local information) of the average network throughput and (ii) choosing the optimum value for . In the first part, the network throughput is defined as the average sum-rate of the network, which is shown to scale as . It is proved that the optimum power allocation strategy for each user for large is a threshold-based on-off scheme. In the second part, the network throughput is defined as the guaranteed sum-rate, when the outage probability approaches zero. It is demonstrated that the on-off power scheme maximizes the throughput, which scales as . Moreover, the optimum spectrum sharing for maximizing the average sum-rate and the guaranteed sum-rate is achieved at .
Front-gate InGaAs-on-Insulator metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (2010)

We report on In0.53Ga0.47As(100)-on-insulator metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (InGaAs-OI MISFETs) on Si wafers with standard front-gate configuration. The channel mobility of the InGaAs-OI MISFETs was higher than those for InGaAs MISFETs on bulk InP wafers. The on/off ratio was controlled over a wide range by applying a back-gate bias, which indicates the possibility of double-gate operation for higher drivability and lower power consumption.
Effect of Different Sample Types and Stability after Blood Collection of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as Measured with Roche Elecsys System (2004)

N-Terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; 76-amino acid peptide) is cosecreted with BNP and can be measured by automated immunoassay (Elecsys 2010; Roche UK). This is a fully automated electrochemiluminescence “sandwich” immunoassay based on capture (biotinylated) and detection (ruthenium) polyclonal antibodies against NT-proBNP amino acids 1–21 and 39–50 (1), respectively. Reports on in vitro stability are conflicting (2)(3)(4). We assessed the effect of different sample types on measurement of NT-proBNP and evaluated the effect of delayed separation of serum from cells on stability. We compared plasma in lithium heparinate (14 IU/mL of blood; Greiner Labortechnik; cat no. 9045-22-1) and serum in serum separator (SST) tubes from patients attending a heart failure clinic. For sample type comparison, blood from 60 patients was collected into SST and lithium heparin tubes. Blood was also collected in plain glass and SST …
<title>Fractal quantum well heterostructures for broadband light emitters</title> (1995)

We examine carrier relaxation and radiative recombination in AlGaAs-based near IR and AlGaInP-based visible fractal quantum well heterostructures. Through temperature dependent photoluminescence, we demonstrate that enhanced population of higher lying energy levels can be achieved by varying the thickness of the layers in the fractal heterostructure. This distribution of carriers results in room temperature emission over a relatively broad range of wavelengths: approximately 700-855 nm for AlGaAs structures and 575-650 nm for AlGaInP structures. Spectra are compared to theoretical calculations to evaluate the nonequilibrium nature of the carrier distributions. Time resolved photoluminescence measurements demonstrate an approximately linear relationship between the radiative decay time and the layer thickness of the structure. Correspondingly, integrated luminescence measurements at room temperature reveal a factor of four increase in the light output efficiency of the structure as the fractal layer thickness is increased from 50 angstrom to 400 angstrom. The applicability of these heterostructures to broadband LEDs is discussed.
Efficient Generation of Tumor-Specific, Cytotoxic T Cells by Genetic Transfer of allo-MHC. (2007)

Abstract Immune responses to established cancer are difficult to evoke by vaccination of patients due to various mechanisms of tolerance. In contrast, T cells in allogeneic stem cell grafts can contribute to cure of a number of hematological malignancies by the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect. However, unknown T cell specificities causing life-threatening graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) limit the applicability of this treatment. Selection of GvL activity would increase the efficiency, safety and applicability of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Here, we describe a novel method for overcoming tolerance by generation of allo-restricted, antigen-specific T cells. These cells specifically recognize and kill melanoma tumor cells presenting the melanoma-associated MART-1 in context of the prevalent major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule HLA-A*0201. HLA-A*0201-negative peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured with autologous, monocyte-derived dendritic cells transfected with HLA-A*0201 mRNA and subsequently pulsed with the peptide ELAGIGILTV from the melanoma-associated antigen MART-1. Antigen-specific T cells were detected in 8/10 donors on day 12 using peptide-MHC-pentamers (median 0.28% of CD8+ T cells, range 0-4.17%), and in all donors by day 19. When needed, cells were restimulated on day 12 with HLA-A*0201 mRNA-transfected and peptide pulsed autologous EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (EBV-LCL). MART-1 pentamer+ T cells from five donors were sorted and expanded. The cytotoxic T cell lines (CTLs) responded with production of interferon-γ, degranulation and lysis of target cells when stimulated with peptide-pulsed EBV-LCL, even at low peptide concentrations (10−5 M). Similar responses were seen to melanoma cell lines expressing HLA-A*0201 and MART-1 (FM-57, Malme3M). In contrast, MART-1+ melanoma cells lacking HLA-A*0201 (Mel202) induced responses only when transfected with HLA-A*0201. Starting out with 0.5×106 pentamer+ T cells, a potential number of 3.0×109 pentamer+ T cells could be reached four weeks later, representing a 7800-fold expansion Our data show that allo-restricted T cells with high specificity for tumor-associated antigens can be rapidly generated, sorted and expanded to clinically applicable numbers. Figure Figure
Nonlinear self-training adaptive equalization for partial-response systems (1994)

The authors discuss a new self-training algorithm for adaptive equalization of multilevel partial-response class-IV (PRIV) systems. Adaptive distributed-arithmetic equalizers are considered, where the process of multiplying the tap signals with tap gains and summing the resulting products is replaced by a procedure involving only table look-up and shift-and-add operations. Classical self-training adaptation schemes for linear adaptive equalizers do not converge if applied to distributed-arithmetic equalizers, because of the inherent nonlinearity of the system during the adaptation process. The authors show that, by adopting a generalized stochastic gradient to adjust the look-up tables, the mean-square error converges to a value which depends on the system parameters. For practical system implementation, a two-step modified algorithm is proposed to closely approach in the steady state the minimum achievable mean-square error. Numerical results are presented for multilevel PRIV systems for high-rate data transmission over twisted-pair cables.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Increasing the apparent addressability of supersampling grids (1993)

Nth bitting, a simple scheme for increasing apparent addressability in edge positioning of antialiased objects is presented. The method has application in combination with relatively coarse supersampling grids, providing much smoother edges. In contrast with the method developed by A. Schilling (1990), the extra information added along the edge is the highest frequency possible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficient Downregulation of Alk4 in Skeletal Muscle After Systemic Treatment with Conjugated siRNAs in a Mouse Model for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2022)

Downregulation of genes involved in the secondary pathology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, for example, inflammation, fibrosis, and adiposis, is an interesting approach to ameliorate degeneration of muscle and replacement by fibrotic and adiposis tissue. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are able to downregulate target genes, however, delivery of siRNAs to skeletal muscle still remains a challenge. We investigated delivery of fully chemically modified, cholesterol-conjugated siRNAs targeting Alk4 , a nontherapeutic target that is expressed highly in muscle. We observed that a single intravenous or intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 10 mg/kg resulted in significant downregulation of Alk4 mRNA expression in skeletal muscles in both wild-type and mdx mice. Treatment with multiple IP injections of 10 mg/kg led to an overall reduction of Alk4 expression, reaching significance in tibialis anterior (39.7% ± 6.2%), diaphragm (32.7% ± 5.8%), and liver (41.3% ± 29.9%) in mdx mice. Doubling of the siRNA dose did not further increase mRNA silencing in muscles of mdx mice. The chemically modified conjugated siRNAs used in this study are very promising for delivery to both nondystrophic and dystrophic muscles and could have major implications for treatment of muscular dystrophy pathology.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide as a Mild Oxidizing Agent for Porous Silicon and Its Effect on Photoluminescence (1998)

Dimethyl sulfoxide acts as a mild room-temperature oxidant of luminescent porous silicon. The oxidation reaction is accompanied by a loss in photoluminescence intensity from the silicon nanocrystallites, indicating that the oxide formed under these conditions is electronically defective. The rate of oxidation is reduced if the reaction is carried out in the presence of the radical traps 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT) or cumene. In addition, photoluminescence intensity is preserved if the DMSO oxidation reaction is carried out in the presence of high concentrations of BHT. The BHT is proposed to form a more electronically passive oxide layer by hydrogenating the surface radicals (dangling bonds) generated during the oxidation reaction.
SP-8356, a (1S)-(-)-Verbenone Derivative, Inhibits the Growth and Motility of Liver Cancer Cells by Regulating NF-κB and ERK Signaling (2021)

Liver cancer is a common tumor and currently the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Liver cancer is highly related to inflammation as more than 90% of liver cancer arises in the context of hepatic inflammation, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Despite significant improvements in the therapeutic modalities for liver cancer, patient prognosis is not satisfactory due to the limited efficacy of current drug therapies in anti-metastatic activity. Therefore, developing new effective anti-cancer agents with anti-metastatic activity is important for the treatment of liver cancer. In this study, SP-8356, a verbenone derivative with anti-inflammatory activity, was investigated for its effect on the growth and migration of liver cancer cells. Our findings demonstrated that SP-8356 inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and suppressing the mobility and invasion ability of liver cancer cells. Functional studies revealed that SP-8356 inhibits the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways, which are related to cell proliferation and metastasis, resulting in the downregulation of metastasis-related genes. Moreover, using an orthotopic liver cancer model, tumor growth was significantly decreased following treatment with SP-8356. Thus, this study suggests that SP-8356 may be a potential agent for the treatment of liver cancer with multimodal regulation.
Components of a "dynein regulatory complex" are located at the junction between the radial spokes and the dynein arms in Chlamydomonas flagella. (1994)

Previous studies of flagellar mutants have identified six axonemal polypeptides as components of a "dynein regulatory complex" (DRC). The DRC is though to coordinate the activity of the multiple flagellar dyneins, but its location within the axoneme has been unknown (Huang et al., 1982; Piperno et al., 1992). We have used improved chromatographic procedures (Kagami and Kamiya, 1992) and computer averaging of EM images (Mastronarde et al., 1992) to analyze the relationship between the DRC and the dynein arms. Our results suggest that some of the DRC components are located at the base of the second radial spoke in close association with the inner dynein arms. (a) Averages of axoneme cross-sections indicate that inner arm structures are significantly reduced in three DRC mutants (pf3 < pf2 < sup-pf-3 < wt). (b) These defects are more pronounced in distal/medial regions of the axoneme than in proximal regions. (c) Analysis of flagellar extracts by fast protein liquid chromatography and SDS-PAGE indicates that a specific dynein I2 isoform is missing in pf3 and reduced in pf2 and sup-pf-3. Comparison with ida4 and pf3ida4 extracts reveals that this isoform differs from those missing in ida4. (d) When viewed in longitudinal section, all three DRC mutants lack a crescent-shaped density above the second radial spoke, and pf3 axonemes lack additional structures adjacent to the crescent. We propose that the crescent corresponds in part to the location of the DRC, and that this structure is also directly associated with a subset of the inner dynein arms. This position is appropriate for a complex that is thought to mediate signals between the radial spokes and the dynein arms.
Poly(styryl)bipyridinepalladium complexes as heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(styryl)bipyridinepalladium complexes as heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynesRoger J. Card, Cathy E. Liesner, and Douglas C. NeckersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 7, 1095–1098Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01321a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01321a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views215Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The contracture-in-a-well. An in vitro model distinguishes bulk and interfacial processes of irreversible (fibrotic) cell-mediated contraction (2022)

Tissue contractures are processes of cell-mediated contraction, irreversible in nature and typically associated with fibrotic phenomena. Contractures can be reproduced in vitro; here, we have used a medium-throughput model based on fibroblast-seeded fibrin (the 'contracture well'). Firstly, we show how profoundly these processes depend on the location of the contractile cells: when on top of the material, fibroblasts produce an interfacial contracture (analog to capsular contraction around an implant), which tries and bends the construct; when seeded inside the material, they initiate a bulk contracture (analogue to a wound bed closure) that shrinks it from within. Secondly, we demonstrate that the interfacial and bulk contractures are also mechanically and biologically different processes. Thirdly, we show the potentially predictive value of this model, since it not only recapitulates the effect of pro-fibrotic factors (TGF-β1 for dermal (myo)fibroblasts), but can also indicate the fibrotic potential of a given cell population (here, dystrophic myoblasts more fibrotic than healthy or genetically corrected ones), which may have important implications in the identification of appropriate therapies.
Sulfheme Proteins (1971)

Abstract Reduced sulfmyoglobin has been shown to be in the ferrous state by optical titration with ferricyanide. The product of this reaction, ferric sulfmyoglobin, has been well characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance. The kinetics of autoxidation of ferrous sulfmyoglobin is reported. In the ferrous state, sulfmyoglobin has been shown to bind oxygen reversibly. It exhibits a rectangular hyperbolic binding curve (Hill coefficient n = 1.0) like that of myoglobin, but with a p½ at 5° and pH 8 of 0.7 atm or 530 mm Hg, corresponding to an oxygen affinity 2500-fold lower than that of myoglobin at the same temperature. This accounts for the apparent inability of sulfmyoglobin to bind O2 under physiological conditions. The low oxygen affinity is discussed in terms of structural features of the molecule which lower the electron density at the iron and is an example of electronic control of oxygen affinity in hemoglobin-like compounds.