gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Enolizable Barbiturate Dyes (2016)

The specific barbituric acid dyes 1-n-butyl-5-(2,4-dinitro-phenyl) barbituric acid and 1-n-butyl-5-{4-[(1,3-dioxo-1H-inden-(3 H)-ylidene)methyl]phenyl}barbituric acid were used to study complex formation with nucleobase derivatives and related model compounds. The enol form of both compounds shows a strong bathochromic shift of the UV/Vis absorption band compared to the rarely coloured keto form. The keto-enol equilibria of the five studied dyes are strongly dependent on the properties of the environment as shown by solvatochromic studies in ionic liquids and a set of organic solvents. Enol form development of the barbituric acid dyes is also associated with alteration of the hydrogen bonding pattern from the ADA to the DDA type (A=hydrogen bond acceptor site, D=donor site). Receptor-induced altering of ADA towards DDA hydrogen bonding patterns of the chromophores are utilised to study supramolecular complex formation. As complementary receptors 9-ethyladenine, 1-n-butylcytosine, 1-n-butylthymine, 9-ethylguanidine and 2,6-diacetamidopiridine were used. The UV/Vis spectroscopic response of acid-base reaction compared to supramolecular complex formation is evaluated by (1)H NMR titration experiments and X-ray crystal structure analyses. An increased acidity of the barbituric acid derivative promotes genuine salt formation. In contrast, supramolecular complex formation is preferred for the weaker acidic barbituric acid.
Prostate cancer–associated SPOP mutations confer resistance to BET inhibitors through stabilization of BRD4 (2020)

The bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, comprised of four members including BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and the testis-specific isoform BRDT, largely function as transcriptional co-activators 1–3 and play critical roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion 4,5. As such, BET proteins enhance the oncogenic functions of major cancer drivers by either elevating their expression such as c-Myc in leukemia 6,7 or by promoting transcriptional activities of oncogenic factors such as AR and ERG in the prostate cancer setting 8. Pathologically, BET proteins are frequently overexpressed and clinically linked to various types of human cancers 5,9,10, therefore pursued as attractive therapeutic targets for selective inhibition in patients. To this end, a number of bromodomain inhibitors, including JQ1 and I-BET, have been developed 11,12 and shown promising outcomes in early clinical trials. Despite resistance to BET inhibitor has been documented in pre-clinical models 13–15 the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance are largely unknown. Here, we report that Cullin 3SPOP earmarks BET proteins including BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4 for ubiquitination-mediated degradation. Pathologically, prostate cancer-associated SPOP mutants fail to interact with and promote the destruction of BET proteins, leading to their elevated abundance in SPOP-deficient prostate cancer. As a result, prostate cancer cells and prostate cancer patient-derived organoids harboring SPOP mutations are more resistant to BET inhibitor-induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, our results elucidate the tumor suppressor role of SPOP in prostate cancer by negatively controlling BET protein stability, and also provide a molecular mechanism for BET inhibitor resistance in prostate cancer patients bearing SPOP mutations.
The human‐in‐the‐loop: an evaluation of pathologists’ interaction with artificial intelligence in clinical practice (2021)

The findings indicate that the primary value of human-in-the-loop corrections is to address major weaknesses of a DIA application, rather than fine-tuning the DIA quantifications.
Preparation of discrete polyenes and norbornene-polyene block copolymers using Mo(CH-t-Bu)(NAr)(O-t-Bu)2 as the initiator (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of discrete polyenes and norbornene-polyene block copolymers using Mo(CH-t-Bu)(NAr)(O-t-Bu)2 as the initiatorL. Y. Park, R. R. Schrock, S. G. Stieglitz, and W. E. CroweCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 12, 3489–3495Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00012a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (912 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Work-in-Progress: Hierarchical Control of a Catoptric Surface (2018)

The control of a catoptric (mirror-based) surface is decomposed hierarchically. The positioning control of individual mirrors is handled by low-level controllers for each drive motor, and the overall control decisions are guided by a Markov decision process.
Retinal stroke prediction using logistic-based fusion of multiscale fractal analysis (2010)

Medical images enhanced at different scales have shown to give good results in mammogram enhancement, tumor classification, and lung nodule detection. However, the studies of multiscale analysis on retinal vasculature have been primarily limited to vessel segmentation. We propose using the Fourier Fractal dimension (FFD) to extract the complexity of the retinal vasculature enhanced at different wavelet scales and a model was formulated for stroke prediction. Sensitivity and specificity were found to be 72.52% and 69.67% respectively.
Distributed multi-input multi-output control theoretic method to manage heterogeneous systems (2023)

A processing unit includes a plurality of subsystem control modules. Each subsystem control module includes a set of one or more inputs that receives a set of one or more external signals and a set of one or more monitored outputs from a hardware subsystem corresponding to the subsystem control module, and a set of configuration outputs for controlling one or more configuration settings of the hardware subsystem. The subsystem control module determines the one or more configuration settings based on the set of monitored outputs and on one or more targets derived from the set of external signals.
Modelling the Interfering Effects of Gas Condensate and Geological Heterogeneities on Transient Pressure Response (2011)

Abstract Numerous publications have investigated the effect of gas condensate fluid on the transient pressure well-test (WT) response. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, its combined effect with geology has not been studied. Our findings presented here demonstrate that geology can complicate the WT response and make it difficult for interpretation. In this study the impact of geological heterogeneities on the WT response of a commingled braided-fluvial gas/condensate reservoir has been investigated. Numerical well-test data were generated for a single-well model with a commercial compositional reservoir simulator. Several sensitivity simulations were performed to explore the effects of correlation length, vertical permeability, relative permeability, production rate and drawdown time, on the pseudo-pressure derivate curves. The WT weighting Kernel function and the calculated well-pressure sensitivity coefficients were implemented to demonstrate different trends of drawdown and build-up responses encountered in this study. The results clarified that some geological heterogeneities and production parameters can alter pressure distribution and condensate saturation, and mask the native model WT signatures. In this exercise, it was demonstrated that ramp effect, a geologically complex phenomenon in high net:gross commingled reservoirs, is affected by the condensate formation. This interfering phenomenon is reflected on the derivative curves and is magnified in the presence of the shorter correlation lengths, the lower vertical communications and the higher production rates. We also examined the stepwise stripping of the reservoir heterogeneity, in order to show the impact of each facies on the build-up and drawdown transient pressure response.. The time dependent sensitivity coefficients were calculated to show that the drawdown test is very sensitive to effective permeability in near wellbore areas, where condensate is prone to build up with time. In the build-up, on the other hand, the condensate saturation is almost invariant with time and affects the early time region. This work leads toward better understanding of the influence of geology in gas/condensate well-test interpretation.
A 20–26.5-GHz PCB Bandpass Filter Tuned With Contactless Tuners (2019)

This letter presents the first substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) k-band filters tuned with contactless printed circuit board (PCB) tuners. Unlike previous efforts, the presented filters exhibit two key advantages that make them particularly attractive with respect to manufacturing, performance, and reliability: 1) they are based on low-cost PCB technology and 2) they employ contactless tuners that exhibit no hard contacts with the evanescent-mode (EVA) cavities they control. A proof-of-concept two-pole prototype with 3.2-3.4 dB loss is experimentally demonstrated in the 20-26.5 GHz band. The fabricated resonators employ a unique contactless tuner geometry that minimizes insertion loss (IL) by utilizing extended cavity sidewalls. This design improves IL by an average of 10 dB in the demonstrated band. This letter also discusses fabrication imperfections and their impact on filter performance.
Halogen Precursor Route to Poly[(2,3-diphenyl-p-phenylene)vinylene] (DP-PPV):  Synthesis, Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence, and Photoconductivity (1997)

Thin films of poly[(2,3-diphenyl-p-phenylene)vinylene] (DP-PPV) have been prepared via a chlorine precursor route (CPR). This involves the polymerization of 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)-2,3-diphenylbenzene with 1.0 equiv of potassium tert-butoxide to give the chlorine precursor polymer of DP-PPV. The chlorine precursor was thermally converted at different temperatures to give DP-PPV with different degrees of conversion. The conversion process was monitored by in situ photoluminescent (PL) spectroscopy. The onset of conversion was about 150 °C, and full conversion could be achieved at 170−250 °C. The degree of conversion was a function of the heating temperature rather than the duration of heating. The fully converted DP-PPV showed lower photoconductivity and higher PL intensity than PPV. Although partially converted DP-PPV showed bright PL, we have not been able to observe its EL. The electroluminescence (EL) of the single layer ITO/DP-PPV/Mg and the bilayer ITO/DP-PPV/Alq3/Mg LED devices is also reported. A significant improvement in the quantum efficiency (up to 0.7% ph/el) and a reduction in the turn-on voltage of the device were found upon incorporation of the Alq3 layer. These observations suggest that Alq3 enhances the injection of electrons and also participates in the recombination process.
Three-spin solid effect and the spin diffusion barrier in amorphous solids (2019)

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has evolved as the method of choice to enhance NMR signal intensities and to address a variety of otherwise inaccessible chemical, biological and physical questions. Despite its success, there is no detailed understanding of how the large electron polarization is transferred to the surrounding nuclei or where these nuclei are located relative to the polarizing agent. To address these questions we perform an analysis of the three-spin solid effect, and show that it is exquisitely sensitive to the electron-nuclear distances. We exploit this feature and determine that the size of the spin diffusion barrier surrounding the trityl radical in a glassy glycerol-water matrix is <6 Å, and that the protons involved in the initial transfer step are on the trityl molecule. <sup>1</sup>H ENDOR experiments indicate that polarization is then transferred in a second step to glycerol molecules in intimate contact with the trityl.
Trauma-Induced Degenerative Changes in Brain Injury: A Morphometric Analysis of Three Patients with Preinjury and Postinjury MR Scans (1995)

Three patients with pretraumatic and posttraumatic brain injury (TBI) MR imaging of the brain are presented. Two patients had moderate to severe injury, whereas the third patient sustained a mild injury. Using imaging software to conduct morphometric analyses, quantitative neuropathologic change was ascertained in each TBI patient. Each case was compared quantitatively to preinjury scans as well as to an age-matched control group. For the moderately to severely injured patients, extensive degenerative changes were found throughout the various cortical structures and the cerebellum, whereas most midbrain and brainstem measures did not demonstrate significant change. For these two patients, the most significant changes occurred within the ventricular system, where generalized ventricular dilation was observed post-TBI. In the mild case, no significant anatomic changes were evident. These case studies demonstrate the use of quantitative methods for examining the structural basis of TBI sequelae.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Complex Macromolecular Architectures for Advanced Microelectronic Materials (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adhesion molecule expression does not influence the leukemic behavior of murine T-cell lymphomas. (1992)

Recirculation and homing properties of normal lymphocytes are controlled by interactions with high endothelial venules (HEVs), specialized vessels which mediate the extravasation into lymphoid tissues. The present study was aimed at elucidating whether lymphoma-derived leukemic cell spreading and peripheral lymph node invasion ability are mediated by the recognition mechanisms which physiologically regulate normal lymphocyte trafficking. For this purpose, we tested the HEV-binding ability and the expression of the lymphocyte homing receptor (LHR) for peripheral lymph nodes as well as Pgp-1/CD44, LFA-1 and ICAM-1 adhesion molecules by the highly leukemic cell line NQ22 in comparison with a series of non-leukemic murine T-lymphoma cell lines. Our results indicate that the hematogenous spreading as well as peripheral node invasion of lymphoma-derived leukemic cells may occur independently of LHR expression. In addition, our findings seem to rule out that gross quantitative modifications in LFA-1 or ICAM-1 antigen expression are associated with differential dissemination abilities of transformed lymphoid cells.
Fast and Efficient Normal MAP Compression Based on Vector Quantization (2006)

Normal maps play an important role in realistic 3D image rendering to express pseudo roughness of the surface with small amount of polygon data. In this paper, a fast and efficient normal map compression algorithm is proposed based on vector quantization and entropy coding. Using the strong correlation among x, y, and z components of normal maps owing to the unity condition, compression ratio has been made much better than conventional approaches. In addition, the encoding time has been made reasonable by considering the distribution of the data and employing inner product in nearest-neighbor search instead of Euclidian distance taking advantage of the unity condition of the training data
In vivo role of ER-associated peptidase activity in tailoring peptides for presentation by MHC class Ia and class Ib molecules (2006)

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 has been implicated in the fi nal proteolytic processing of peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules.To evaluate the in vivo role of ERAP1, we have generated ERAP1-defi cient mice.Cell surface expression of the class Ia molecules H-2K b and H-2D b and of the class Ib molecule Qa-2 was signifi cantly reduced in these animals.Although cells from mutant animals exhibited reduced capacity to present several self-and foreign antigens to K b -, D b -, or Qa-1 b -restricted CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, presentation of some antigens was unaffected or signifi cantly enhanced.Consistent with these fi ndings, mice generated defective CD8 + T cell responses against class I-presented antigens.These fi ndings reveal an important in vivo role of ER-associated peptidase activity in tailoring peptides for presentation by MHC class Ia and class Ib molecules.
Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to Pneumonia Virus of Mice in a Resistant and a Susceptible Mouse Strain (2013)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant bronchiolitis. The closely related pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) causes a similar immune-mediated disease in mice, which allows an analysis of host factors that lead to severe illness. This project was designed to compare the immune responses to lethal and sublethal doses of PVM strain 15 in Balb/c and C57Bl/6 mice. Balb/c mice responded to PVM infection with an earlier and stronger innate response that failed to control viral replication. Production of inflammatory cyto- and chemokines, as well as infiltration of neutrophils and IFN-γ secreting natural killer cells into the lungs, was more predominant in Balb/c mice. In contrast, C57Bl/6 mice were capable of suppressing both viral replication and innate inflammatory responses. After a sublethal infection, PVM-induced IFN-γ production by splenocytes was stronger early during infection and weaker at late time points in C57Bl/6 mice when compared to Balb/c mice. Furthermore, although the IgG levels were similar and the mucosal IgA titres lower, the virus neutralizing antibody titres were higher in C57Bl/6 mice than in Balb/c mice. Overall, the difference in susceptibility of these two strains appeared to be related not to an inherent T helper bias, but to the capacity of the C57Bl/6 mice to control both viral replication and the immune response elicited by PVM.
Solid–liquid equilibria for solutions of binary globular‐protein mixtures (1999)

Abstract A theory of the van der Waals form is used to establish solid–fluid phase diagrams for aqueous solutions containing two kinds of globular proteins. Theory is based on a one‐fluid model that uses a composition‐dependent hard‐sphere diameter and a composition‐dependent solvent‐mediated effective temperature to represent protein solutions. The hard‐sphere reference equation of state is based on the model of Young that correlates computer simulations of fluid–solid coexistence curves for binary hard‐sphere mixtures. The attractive perturbation term uses the inverse‐power potential with variable exponent n. Based on the correlation of George and Wilson and Rosenbaum et al., the optimum range of effective temperature is determined for protein crystallization. For binary protein systems, as the size difference increases, the mutual solubility of unlike proteins declines sharply in the precipitated solid phase. The theoretical results obtained here may be useful for design of protein‐separation processes by crystallization.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE MIDWEST GUARDRAIL SYSTEM – UPDATE TO NCHRP 350 TEST NO. 3-11 WITH 28" C.G. HEIGHT (2214MG-2) (2006)

Based on the proposed changes to the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 350 guidelines, NCHRP Project 22-14(2) researchers deemed it appropriate to evaluate a strong-post W-beam guardrail systems prior to finalizing the new crash testing procedures and guidelines. For this effort, the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) was selected for evaluation. One full-scale vehicle crash test was performed on the longitudinal barrier system in accordance with the Test Level 3 (TL-3) requirements presented in the Update to NCHRP Report No. 350. For this test, a 2270P pickup truck vehicle, which was a 1⁄2-ton, four-door vehicle with a 711 mm (28 in.) c.g. height, was used. The MGS system, mounted at the metric top rail height of 787 mm (31.0 in.), provided an acceptable safety performance when impacted by the 1⁄2-ton, four-door pickup truck, thus meeting the proposed TL-3 requirements presented in the Update to NCHRP Report No. 350.
Vitellogenin-like protein measurement in caged Gammarus fossarum males as a biomarker of endocrine disruptor exposure: Inconclusive experience (2012)

A vitellogenin (Vg) mass spectrometry-based assay was recently developed to actively biomonitor and assess the exposure of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in freshwater hydrosystems. This paper focuses on the appropriate use of this biomarker, which requires good knowledge of its basal level in males and its natural variability related to intrinsic biotic and environmental abiotic factors. To obtain the lowest biomarker variability, we first studied some of these confounding factors. We observed that the spermatogenesis stage did not have an impact on the Vg level, allowing flexibility in the choice of transplanted gammarids. In the second part of the study, males were transplanted in two clean stations for 21 days, with results indicating a spatial and temporal variability of Vg levels.\nThese Vg changes could not be correlated to environmental factors (e.g., temperature, pH and hardness of waters). Vg induction was then assessed in 21 stations having various levels of contamination. Inductions were observed for only two of the impacted stations studied. Under reference and contaminated conditions, a high interindividual variability of Vg levels was observed in caged organisms, severely limiting the sensitivity of the biomarker and its ability to detect a significant endocrine-disruptor effect. This may be explained by unidentified environmental factors that should later be determined to improved the use of Vg as a biomarker in male G. fossarum. Moreover, as discussed in this paper, recent advancements regarding the pleiotropic functions of the Vg gene in some species may complicate the application of this biomarker in males of invertebrate species.