gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and Properties of Low-Isotacticity Polypropylene Elastomeric Fibers Prepared by Sheath-Core Bicomponent Spinning (2014)

Development of metallocene catalyst provided the technologies for producing new types of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Based on this technology, PPs with controlled low-isotacticity (LPP) has been developed and applied for the production of elastomeric fibers. However, difficulty arose in the spun-bonding process of non-woven fabrics consisting of the LPP fibers because of its low crystallizability. With the aim of improving the processablity, melt spinning of sheath-core type bicomponent fibers was performed in this research using the blend of LPP and ordinary high-isotacticity polypropylene (IPP) as the sheath component and pure LPP as the core component. The prepared as-spun fibers with IPP content of 10 wt% in the sheath showed elastomeric property with reasonably good elastic recovery of higher than 85 wt%. The elastic recovery showed slight reduction with the increase of sheath layer composition from 0 to 50 wt%, which corresponds to the increase of total IPP content from 0 to 5 wt%. Tensile modulus and tensile strength of the as-spun bicomponent fibers increased significantly with the increase of total IPP content. Structural analyses of as-spun fibers consisting of LPP and IPP revealed that the crystallization of IPP component was enhanced especially when the composition of sheath component was low while that of LPP was suppressed significantly with the increase of the total IPP content. These results suggested the high modulus of sheath component in the fibers with low sheath layer composition.
Model calibration of a long-span concrete cable-stayed bridge based on structural health monitoring data: Influence of concrete variability (2022)

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems, in combination with controlled load tests, can provide valuable data for calibrating high fidelity bridge models, which can then be used for evaluating the long-term performance of the bridge, improved load ratings, and permit vehicle evaluation. The objective of this research was to calibrate a 3D model of the Indian River Inlet (IRIB) cable-stayed bridge, using strains recorded by the bridge SHM system during a controlled load test. The bridge was modeled in STAAD-Pro and calibrated using a pre-commercialized software platform that uses a Generic Algorithm to minimize the error between the measured and predicted strains. The calibration parameters were the elastic modulus of groups of the main longitudinal edge girder/deck elements, which once calibrated, could be related to the measured concrete strength of the members. Four different models were investigated, using 6, 10, 14, and 18 parameter element groups of the edge girder members. Of the different models, the 14 and 18 parameter models yielded the best results. The “design” model yielded errors as high as 42% when compared to the measured strains; the error was less than 10% for the majority of measurements for the 14-parameter model. Including the effect of the traffic barriers in the model, the weighted average concrete strength of the calibrated model was within 4% of the measured weighted strength. The calibration was shown to be insensitive to measurement noise and was validated using several unique single and multi-vehicle load cases that were heavier and more offset from the centerline of the bridge. The calibration procedure was able to capture the variability in flexural stiffness of the edge girders due to the variability of the concrete, resulting in significantly better agreement between the live load measured strains and the model predicted strains.
CaV3 T‐type calcium channel isoforms differentially distribute to somatic and dendritic compartments in rat central neurons (2006)

Spike output in many neuronal cell types is affected by low-voltage-activated T-type calcium currents arising from the Ca(v)3.1, Ca(v)3.2 and Ca(v)3.3 channel subtypes and their splice isoforms. The contributions of T-type current to cell output is often proposed to reflect a differential distribution of channels to somatic and dendritic compartments, but the subcellular distribution of the various rat T-type channel isoforms has not been fully determined. We used subtype-specific Ca(v)3 polyclonal antibodies to determine their distribution in key regions of adult Sprague-Dawley rat brain thought to exhibit T-type channel expression, and in particular, dendritic low-voltage-activated responses. We found a selective subcellular distribution of Ca(v)3 channel proteins in cell types of the neocortex and hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellar input and output neurons. In general, the Ca(v)3.1 T-type channel immunolabel is prominent in the soma/proximal dendritic region and Ca(v)3.2 immunolabel in the soma and proximal-mid dendrites. Ca(v)3.3 channels are distinct in distributing to the soma and over extended lengths of the dendritic arbor of particular cell types. Ca(v)3 distribution overlaps with cell types previously established to exhibit rebound burst discharge as well as those not recognized for this activity. Additional immunolabel in the region of the nucleus in particular cell types was verified as corresponding to Ca(v)3 antigen through analysis of isolated protein fractions. These results provide evidence that different Ca(v)3 channel isoforms may contribute to low-voltage-activated calcium-dependent responses at the somatic and dendritic level, and the potential for T-type calcium channels to contribute to multiple aspects of neuronal activity.
Rethinking mobile data offloading in LTE and WiFi coexisting systems (2016)

The employment of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) in unlicensed spectrum, known as LTE-U, can alleviate the spectrum scarcity problem in the 5G networks. With this new technique, the traditional mobile data offloading schemes, which generally offload LTE users to the WiFi network, should be revisited. In this paper, we propose to transfer WiFi users to the LTE-U network and simultaneously allocate some unlicensed spectrum to LTE-U. In this way, a win-win situation could be generated since LTE can achieve better spectrum efficiency than WiFi in the unlicensed spectrum. To facilitate it, three important challenges are addressed in the paper: which WiFi users should be transferred; how many WiFi users need to be transferred; and how much unlicensed resource should be allocated to the LTE network. We utilize the Nash bargaining solution to design fair unlicensed spectrum allocation between WiFi and LTE-U and thereby a win-win strategy is developed, whose performance is demonstrated by numerical simulation.
PROFIT, a PROspective, randomised placebo controlled feasibility trial of Faecal mIcrobiota Transplantation in cirrhosis: study protocol for a single-blinded trial (2019)

NCT02862249 and EudraCT 2017-003629-13.
Fusion to Snowdrop Lectin Magnifies the Oral Activity of Insecticidal ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a Peptide by Enabling Its Delivery to the Central Nervous System (2012)

In addition to mediating transport of Hv1a across the gut epithelium in lepidopteran larvae, GNA is also capable of delivering Hv1a to sites of action within the insect central nervous system. We propose that fusion to GNA provides a general mechanism for dramatically enhancing the oral activity of insecticidal peptides and proteins.
Three terminal solid-electrolyte nanometer switch (2006)

We propose a three-terminal solid-electrolyte nanometer switch, where the control gate is separated from the current path. This novel switch resolves the issues arising from large current during switching (>1mA) in a two-terminal solid-electrolyte switch. We demonstrate that the drain current reversibly switches when a metallic bridge electrochemically forms or dissolves between the source and drain by applying gate voltage. The ON resistance is 200-300Omega and the ON/OFF current ratio is as high as 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> . Each state is nonvolatile
Flow and interferometry results from Au+Au collisions at sNN=4.5 GeV (2021)

The beam energy scan (BES) program at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) was extended to energies below $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=7.7$ GeV in 2015 by successful implementation of the fixed-target mode of operation in the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC) experiment. In this mode, ions circulate in one ring of the collider and interact with a stationary target at the entrance of the STAR time projection chamber. The first results for $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=4.5$ GeV are presented, demonstrating good performance of all the relevant detector subsystems in fixed-target mode. Results presented here include directed and elliptic flow of identified hadrons, and radii from pion femtoscopy. The latter, together with recent HADES results, reveal a long-sought peak structure that may be caused by the system evolving through a first-order phase transition from quark-gluon plasma to the hadronic phase. Directed and elliptic flow for pions are presented for the first time at this beam energy. Pion and proton elliptic flow show behavior which hints at constituent quark scaling, and demonstrate that a definitive conclusion will be achievable using the full statistics of the ongoing second phase of BES (BES-II). In particular, BES-II to date has recorded fixed-target data sets with two orders of magnitude more events at each of nine energies between $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=3.0$ and 7.7 GeV.
Pressure dependence of the metal-insulator transitions in (TMTTF)2SCN (1983)

International audience
Magnetic properties of Cd1 −xMnxTe/C nanocrystals (2011)

Mn doped CdTe nanocrystals coated by carbon (Cd(1 - x)Mn(x)Te/C) were synthesized by a one-step, kinetically controlled solid state reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperatures. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed that the 40-52 nm Cd(1 - x)Mn(x)Te core was encapsulated by a 6-9 nm carbon shell. The efficient doping by Mn(2+) in the zinc blende Cd(1 - x)Mn(x)Te lattice, up to an atomic ratio of Mn/Cd of 0.031, was confirmed from electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. In the case of higher doping, it is likely that manganese is partially expelled to the nanocrystal surface. All the doped samples exhibit ferromagnetism at room temperature. The lowest doped sample has the highest magnetic moment (1.91 ± 0.02 µ(B)/Mn). The more concentrated samples exhibit weaker ferromagnetic interactions, probably due to an incomplete coupling between carriers in the host CdTe semiconductor and dopant spins.
Responses to Changing Needs in U.S. Doctoral Education (2004)

At the National Meeting of the American Chemical Society in Philadelphia on August 23–24, 2004, a Presidential Symposium Event was held titled "Responses to Changing Needs in U.S. Doctoral Education". This article provides a report of this two-day symposium, which featured an overview of the history and development of doctoral education in chemistry in the U.S., a description of social and cultural contexts that are influencing the field, an introduction to the reform projects being undertaken by departments of chemistry that are participating in the Carnegie Initiative on the Doctorate, and some perceptions of doctoral education from current graduate students in chemistry.
Non‐specific accumulation of glycosphingolipids in GNE myopathy (2013)

GNE myopathy models have increased total GSL concentrations. ManNAc supplementation results in decrease of GSL levels, linking abnormal increase of total GSLs in GNE myopathy to defects in the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway. These data advocate for further exploring GSL concentrations as an informative biomarker, not only for GNE myopathy, but also for other disorders of sialic acid metabolism.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF DL‐CORIOLIN (1982)

Abstract Ausgehend von den Endion (I) wird über die Intermediären (II)‐(X) die Schlüsselverbindung (XI) synthetisiert, deren Bis‐trimethylsilylenolether durch Reaktion mit Eschenmoser′s Salz die Mannich‐Base liefert, aus der durch Quaternisierung mit MeI und anschließende Eliminierung das Methylenketon (XIIa) erhalten wird.
Galvanic Attack of Coated Al Alloy Panels in Laboratory and Field Exposure (2015)

A galvanic test panel design incorporating a painted and scribed Al alloy panel and uncoated through-hole noble fasteners has recently been utilized to compare effects of different surface pretreatments on galvanic attack in laboratory chambers. In this work, corrosion of galvanic panels composed of a coated AA2024-T3 panel and uncoated 316 stainless steel fasteners was quantified after exposure to ASTM B117 and a beach field site. Galvanic currents were continuously monitored between the panel and stainless steel fasteners in the field and in the laboratory chamber, exhibiting current transients and stable high value currents, respectively, associated with the two different environmental conditions. For all coating systems, exposure in the laboratory chamber resulted in larger galvanic current and greater extent of corrosion than what was generated by field exposure. However, the nature of the corrosion in the field was different, even though the galvanic current measured during field exposure was similar for the two coating systems. The galvanic current and analysis by optical profilometry provided quantification of the attack and allowed for the determination of acceleration factors to describe the influence of either galvanic coupling or an environment to accelerate coating degradation relative to the condition of no galvanic coupling or of another environment. An acceleration factor for the oxygen reduction reaction was also determined by comparing cathodic currents of a bare SS316 fastener in the different environments.
Electron Optical Micro Recording at Tübingen (1969)

Some progress in the electron-optical recording of micro structures has been made using the following three principles: 1) A micro structure is recorded by a fine electron probe of constant current magnetically deflected according to the desired pattern. 2) The probe scans the recording plane with constant velocity and line distance while its intensity is controlled by the signal from a vidicon pick-up tube. 3) A stencil is electron-optically demagnified using a wide stationary beam. The recording mechanisms are a) Decomposition of a collodion foil. b) Chemical changes in photoresist materials. c) Surface contamination by polymerides on carbon, beryllium, silver, and other substrates.
Abstract 1009: A novel C-terminal HSP90 inhibitor NCT-58 targets cancer stem-like properties and suppresses migratory ability in triple-negative breast cancer cells (2022)

Abstract Background: Although several N-terminal HSP90 inhibitors have been investigated in clinical trials, none have yet been approved for clinical use due to issues including induction of the heat shock response (HSR), off-target effects and toxicity. A major issue for N-terminal inhibitors is induction of the heat shock response (HSR) which triggers cell survival. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NCT-58, a rationally-designed novel HSP90 inhibitor that instead targets the C-terminal domain, and evaluated its capacity to induce apoptosis and target cancer stem-like properties in triple-negative breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The effect of NCT-58 on TNBC cell lines in vitro was evaluated with cell viability, apoptosis, heat shock response and cell migration. Cancer stem-like properties were examined by Aldefluor positivity, CD44+/CD24- stem-like population and mammosphere formation assays. Results: NCT-58 induces apoptosis in TNBC cells without triggering the heat shock response (HSR) due to its targeting of the C-terminal region. This is accompanied by potent and simultaneous degradation of AKT, MEK and STAT3. Importantly, NCT-58 kills not only the rapidly proliferating tumor cells and but also effectively eradicates the breast cancer stem-like population (BCSCs). The latter phenomena are accompanied by reductions in the activity of stem/progenitor marker ALDH1 and the CD44+/CD24- stem-like population and as well as impairment of mammosphere formation. Furthermore, NCT-58 markedly impairs cell migratory ability, coinciding with collapse of HSP90 client cytoskeletal proteins including vimentin and F-actin in TNBC cells in vitro. It is noteworthy that NCT-58 exhibits more cytotoxic to tumor cells but minimally cytotoxicity to non-malignant cells. Conclusion: These findings suggest that NCT-58 may represent an effective therapeutic approach for the simultaneous targeting of HSP90 and its client oncoproteins for the treatment of molecularly heterogeneous TNBC. Citation Format: Soeun Park, Jung Min Park, Minsu Park, Dongmi Ko, Seongjae Kim, Juyeon Seo, Kee Dal Nam, Yoon-Jae Kim, Ji Young Kim, Jae Hong Seo. A novel C-terminal HSP90 inhibitor NCT-58 targets cancer stem-like properties and suppresses migratory ability in triple-negative breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1009.
Evaluating the Performance of Raptor Codes for DVB-H by Using the Gilbert-Elliott Channel (2007)

The Gilbert-Elliott channel is used to evaluate the performance of Raptor codes for file download in the standard digital video broadcasting for handhelds (DVB-H). This allows for an analytical evaluation without assuming the log-normal fading affecting the different time-slices to be uncorrelated. The approach is also a complement to performing evaluation using prototypes in laboratory, which during the standardization work was found to be rather cumbersome when the channel was slowly varying. The choice of performance criterion is discussed, and some of the results that at first might seem counter intuitive are found to be a consequence of the used criterion. Finally, the coding gain obtained by using Raptor codes in addition to MPE- FEC is evaluated for various speeds of the receiver, showing a substantial gain, although noticeable reduced when the receiver is moving slowly.
Dynamic Underground Stripping Demonstration Project (1992)

LLNL is collaborating with the UC Berkeley College of Engineering to develop and demonstrate a system of thermal remediation and underground imaging techniques for use in rapid cleanup of localized underground spills. Called Dynamic Stripping'' to reflect the rapid and controllable nature of the process, it will combine steam injection, direct electrical heating, and tomographic geophysical imaging in a cleanup of the LLNL gasoline spill. In the first 8 months of the project, a Clean Site engineering test was conducted to prove the field application of the techniques before moving to the contaminated site in FY 92.
Anisotropy decay-associated fluorescence spectra and analysis of rotational heterogeneity: 2. 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in lipid bilayers (1986)

The application of a new spectroscopic tool [Knutson, J. R., Davenport, L., & Brand, L. (1986) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)] for studying rotational microheterogeneity of probe location in lipid bilayer systems is described. Anisotropy decay associated spectra are derived from experimentally obtained polarized emission components. "Early" difference spectra (IV - IH) contain contributions from both fast and slow rotors, while "late" difference spectra predominantly reflect the emission from slowly rotating fluorophores. Anisotropy decay associated spectra have been used to resolve the emission spectra of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) imbedded within a known rotationally heterogeneous mixture of two vesicle types (L-alpha-dimyristoyllecithin and L-alpha-dipalmitoyllecithin). At 29 degrees C, diphenylhexatriene within pure dimyristoyllecithin vesicles rotates rapidly, with a small r infinity, while diphenylhexatriene in dipalmitoyllecithin vesicles exhibits a large r infinity. Spectra for diphenylhexatriene imbedded in the two vesicle types show small but significant spectral differences. A spectrum of a mixture of the two vesicle types with DPH lies between these characteristic component spectra. The spectrum extracted for "immobilized" probes in the mixture correctly overlays the dipalmitoyllecithin spectrum. Further studies have shown that diphenylhexatriene exhibits more than one emission anisotropy decay associated spectrum in vesicles of a single lipid type, when that lipid is near its phase transition temperature. Diphenylhexatriene apparently inhabits more than one rotational environment even in these "homogeneous" vesicle preparations.
Apolipoprotein B exhibits phospholipase A1 and phospholipase A2 activities (1993)

Low density lipoproteins (LDL) as well as isolated apolipoprotein B (ApoB) have been shown to exhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity toward phospholipids containing an oxidized or short fatty acyl chain at position 2. Some of these studies employed the fluorescent analogue of phosphatidyl choline (PC), C6-NBD-PC, containing NBD-caproic acid (C6-NBD-FA) at position 2 as a substrate, representative of short fatty acyl chains. The release of NBD-caproic acid from position 2 is attributed to PLA2-catalysed hydrolysis. However, this fatty acid can be released also by other enzymatic pathways. In the present study we examined, and ruled out, other enzymatic pathways which may be responsible for the hydrolysis of fatty acids from position 2 of phospholipids. On the other hand, we found that LDL as well as isolated ApoB hydrolyse C6-NBD-FA from both carbon 1 and carbon 2 of these phospholipids, thus exhibiting independent and simultaneous activities of phospholipase A1 and phospholipase A2.
Frontiers of Research on Iron-Based Superconductors toward Their Application (2011)

The recent discovery of iron-based superconductors has evoked enthusiasm for extensive research on these materials because they form the second high-temperature superconductor family after the copper oxide superconductors and impart an expectation for materials with a higher transition temperature (Tc). It has also been clarified that they have peculiar physical properties including an unconventional pairing mechanism and superconducting properties preferable for application such as a high upper critical field and small anisotropy. This paper reviews the research on thin films, Josephson junctions, and superconducting wires and tapes made from iron-based superconductors, which has been performed toward the realization of future applications. Though there are many technical hurdles toward the practical application of these materials, some promising features such as a high critical current density in thin films under high magnetic fields and advantageous grain boundary properties over copper oxides have been clarified.