gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relevant Factors and Significant Endoscopic Findings for Detecting UC-Associated Neoplasms Using Pancolonic NBI Surveillance Colonoscopy: A Sub-Analysis of Navigator Study (2018)

Introduction: We recently reported the results of a prospective multicenter randomised controlled trial comparing pancolonic observation using a newly developed NBI (CF-HQ290I) and panchromoendoscopy (PCE) for surveillance colonoscopy in UC patients. The results revealed that the NBI observation was not inferior to PCE for the detection of both neoplastic lesions (13.4% vs 9.0%; P=0.33) and colitisassociated dysplasia or cancer (CC/D) (6.3% vs 4.9%; P=0.86). Moreover, the total examination time of NBI (15.0 min) was significantly shorter than that of PCE (19.8 min) (P<0.01). This sub-analysis aimed to evaluate the relevant factors or NBI findings of the background mucosa of CC/D in the preceding Navigator Study (UMIN000013527). Methods: In total, 263 patients were randomised to the PCE group (n=130) and the NBI group (n=133). Surveillance colonoscopy in both groups was performed mainly with targeted biopsy. The pathological diagnoses were made by two expert pathologists who performed including immunohistochemical staining (p53, Ki-67) while being blinded to clinical information. Results: The median number of biopsy samples was not different between the two groups (1.80/case in NBI, 1.85/case in PCE; P=0.88). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P<0.01) and past history of CC/D (OR 4.26, 95% CI 1.29-14.05, P=0.02) were the relevant factors for the detection of neoplastic lesions, and past history of CC/D (OR 5.70, 95% CI 1.33-24.50, P=0.02) was the relevant factor for the detection of CC/D. CC/D was significantly more frequently detected than sporadic adenoma in cases in which the background mucosa had an obscure vascular pattern or scar rather than a fair view of the vascular pattern or out of range for inflammation (OR 25.0, 95% CI 3.80-164.4, P<0.01). Conclusion: In the Navigator Study, a past history of endoscopic resection or detection of dysplasia on random biopsy was the relevant factor for the detection of CC/D. The NBI findings of the background mucosa were useful in differentiating CC/D and sporadic adenoma.
64QAM Based Coded Modulation Transmission over Transoceanic Distance with > 60 Tb/s Capacity (2015)

We achieve 63.5 Tb/s transmission over 5,380 km and 61.9 Tb/s over 5,920 km using 64QAM based coded modulation and continuous 73 nm optical bandwidth. 7.1 b/s/Hz spectral efficiency is achieved with 2.2 dBQ error correction threshold.
Inflammation-Induced Lactate Leads to Rapid Loss of Hepatic Tissue-Resident NK Cells (2020)

The liver harbors two main innate lymphoid cell (ILC) populations: conventional NK (cNK) cells and tissue-resident NK (trNK) cells. Using the MCMV model of infection, we find that, in contrast to liver cNK cells, trNK cells initially undergo a contraction phase followed by a recovery phase to homeostatic levels. The contraction is MCMV independent because a similar phenotype is observed following poly(I:C)/CpG or α-GalCer injection. The rapid contraction phase is due to apoptosis, whereas the recovery phase occurs via proliferation in situ. Interestingly, trNK cell apoptosis is not mediated by fratricide and not induced by liver lymphocytes or inflammatory cytokines. Instead, we find that trNK cell apoptosis is the consequence of an increased sensitivity to lactic acid. Mechanistic analysis indicates that trNK cell sensitivity to lactate is linked to impaired mitochondrial function. These findings underscore the distinctive properties of the liver-resident NK cell compartment.
A Code Division Multiple Access Communication System for the Low Frequency Band (1983)

In this thesis, a code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system for the low frequency (LF) channel is proposed, discussed and analyzed. This LF/CDMA scheme is similar to classical CDMA schemes in that K users share a channel by phase modulating their transmissions with signature sequences. Our LF/CDMA scheme is different in that each user's signature sequence set consists of M orthogonal sequences and thus log (2)M bits of information are transmitted by choosing among the signature sequences. Additionally, the users use r-phase modulation and our model includes an impulsive (non-Gaussian) noise source to model LF atmospheric noise. We derive a locally optimum (small signal) receiver structure for our LF/CDMA scheme. This receiver consists of a bandpass correlator followed by a sampler, a zero memory nonlinearity and M discrete time matched filter/correlators. We analyze the performance of this structure in combined multiple access, impulsive and Gaussian noise. When the noise is dominated by either its multiple access or Gaussian component, the receiver predominantly operates in the linear region of the nonlinearity and performance is similar to that of a linear receiver.
High-resolution SZ imaging of clusters of galaxies with the NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30-m telescope (2017)

The development of precision cosmology with clusters of galaxies requires high-angular resolution Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) observations. As for now, arcmin resolution SZ observations (e.g. SPT, ACT and Planck) only allowed detailed studies of the intra cluster medium for low redshift clusters (z&amp;lt;0.2). With both a wide field of view (6.5 arcmin) and a high angular resolution (17.7 and 11.2 arcsec at 150 and 260 GHz), the NIKA2 camera installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope (Pico Veleta, Spain), will bring valuable information in the field of SZ imaging of clusters of galaxies. The NIKA2 SZ observation program will allow us to observe a large sample of clusters (50) at redshifts between 0.4 and 0.9. As a pilot study for NIKA2, several clusters of galaxies have been observed with the pathfinder, NIKA, at the IRAM 30-m telescope to cover the various configurations and observation conditions expected for NIKA2.
Preventing Postoperative Metastatic Disease by Inhibiting Surgery-Induced Dysfunction in Natural Killer Cells (2012)

Natural killer (NK) cell clearance of tumor cell emboli following surgery is thought to be vital in preventing postoperative metastases. Using a mouse model of surgical stress, we transferred surgically stressed NK cells into NK-deficient mice and observed enhanced lung metastases in tumor-bearing mice as compared with mice that received untreated NK cells. These results establish that NK cells play a crucial role in mediating tumor clearance following surgery. Surgery markedly reduced NK cell total numbers in the spleen and affected NK cell migration. Ex vivo and in vivo tumor cell killing by NK cells were significantly reduced in surgically stressed mice. Furthermore, secreted tissue signals and myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations were altered in surgically stressed mice. Significantly, perioperative administration of oncolytic parapoxvirus ovis (ORFV) and vaccinia virus can reverse NK cell suppression, which correlates with a reduction in the postoperative formation of metastases. In human studies, postoperative cancer surgery patients had reduced NK cell cytotoxicity, and we show for the first time that oncolytic vaccinia virus markedly increases NK cell activity in patients with cancer. These data provide direct in vivo evidence that surgical stress impairs global NK cell function. Perioperative therapies aimed at enhancing NK cell function will reduce metastatic recurrence and improve survival in surgical cancer patients.
Shiftable representations and multipath processing (2002)

In multipath communications environments, the received signal is a superposition of delayed, possibly frequency shifted, and scaled replicas of a base signal s(t). For a known signal s(t), the optimal receiver is matched to the multipath signal s/sub M/(t). In general, this requires the determination of the unknown parameters, a multidimensional optimization problem usually out of reach for most applications. By adapting the notion of shiftability to the multipath problem, the matched filter is found by inner products which are easier to implement than a multidimensional optimization. The paper introduces the concept of nearly shiftable and describes an explicit construction for designing increasingly nearly shiftable signals and demonstrating the improvement obtained in the context of the multipath problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rheological Properties of Low pH Cement-Palygorskite Injection Grout (2013)

The rheological properties of cementitious materials containing fine particles, such as mineral admixture were investigated using a Viso Star-L rheometer with cylindrical spindles. Selected features of the behavior of these materials are evaluated from a rheological perspective through literatures results for the past 30 years. One of the important factors that governs the ability of grout to penetrate fractures, channels and porous material is the rheology. The mineral admixture was clay palygorskite which can be used for early gelation because of its thixotropic properties as well as the powder quartz used as aggregate. The cementitious materials were designed and three recipes (MPG1, MPG2 and MPG3) were examined in this research by changing the mix proportions of the mineral admixture palygorskite and water content. For ensuring the accuracy of rheological measurement for the candidate’s grouts, necessary verification was been evaluated such as, influence of mixing time, stability and “time effect” to the accuracy of viscosity measurement, and yield stress as well as the physical properties at 3, 7 and 28 days. The results showed that grouts recipes with quartzite aggregate of different granulometry, are chemically compatible and fulfill the requirement of containing no organic matter. Candidate’s grouts found to satisfy the stable sedimentation criteria with sedimentation rates less than 5% after 2 hours. Furthermore, it was found that the grout recipe 3 followed by 1 showed lower yield stress and plastic viscosity which are (0.1 Pa and 0.269 Pas) and (0.288 Pa and 0.531 Pas) respectively.
Size dependent behavior of Fe3O4crystals during electrochemical (de)lithiation: an in situ X-ray diffraction, ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and theoretical investigation (2017)

The iron oxide magnetite, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, is a promising conversion type lithium ion battery anode material due to its high natural abundance, low cost and high theoretical capacity. While the close packing of ions in the inverse spinel structure of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> enables high energy density, it also limits the kinetics of lithium ion diffusion in the material. Nanosizing of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> to reduce the diffusion path length is an effective strategy for overcoming this issue and results in improved rate capability. However, the impact of nanosizing on the multiple structural transformations that occur during the electrochemical (de)lithiation reaction in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is poorly understood. In this study, the influence of crystallite size on the lithiation-conversion mechanisms in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is investigated using complementary X-ray techniques along with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and continuum level simulations on electrodes of two different Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> crystallite sizes. In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were utilized to track the changes to the crystalline phases during (de)lithiation. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements at multiple points during the (de)lithiation processes provided local electronic and atomic structural information. Tracking the crystalline and nanocrystalline phases during the first (de)lithiation provides experimental evidence that (1) the lithiation mechanism is non-uniform and dependent on crystallite size, where increased Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion length in larger crystals results in conversion to Fe<sup>0</sup> metal while insertion of Li<sup>+</sup> into spinel-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is still occurring, and (2) the disorder and size of the Fe metal domains formed when either material is fully lithiated impacts the homogeneity of the FeO phase formed during the subsequent delithiation.
Resist materials design: Base-catalyzed chemical amplification (1993)

The search for advanced resists that can provide the high density of circuits and high throughput required for the new generations of microelectronic devices requires that highly stable chemically amplified materials be developed. In view of the high susceptibility of resists based on photoacid generation to environmental contamination, resulting in lessened performance, a program aiming at the development of chemically amplified resists utilizing photobase generation has been undertaken. In a first approach, the photogenerated amines we developed in the first stage of this project were used as catalysts for the decarboxylation of totally new resist systems containing active carboxylic acid pendant groups. The resists materials could be developed to afford negative tone images through wet development in aqueous base, or positive tone images through dry development using a gas-phase silylation reaction followed by oxygen plasma etching. The first patterning experiments carried out with two new resists utilizing photogenerated base have confirmed the validity of the approach.
Computational Interpretations of the Gricean Maxims in the Generation of Referring Expressions (1995)

We examine the problem of generating definite noun phrases that are appropriate referring expressions; that is, noun phrases that (a) successfully identify the intended referent to the hearer whilst (b) not conveying to him or her any false conversational implicatures (Grice, 1975). We review several possible computational interpretations of the conversational implicature maxims, with different computational costs, and argue that the simplest may be the best, because it seems to be closest to what human speakers do. We describe our recommended algorithm in detail, along with a specification of the resources a host system must provide in order to make use of the algorithm, and an implementation used in the natural language generation component of the IDAS system.
Estimation of TDMA and CDMA capacities for an air-to-ground communication system (2002)

We estimate capacities of code-division multiple access (CDMA) and time-division multiple access (TDMA) systems when applied to an air-to-ground/ground-to-air (AG/GA) environment. Our analysis is based upon a regular cellular arrangement of ground stations (bases), as in the land-mobile environment, and uses waveforms based upon current cellular standards. Two of the most crucial parameters for capacity estimation, unique for the air-to-ground environment, are the outside-cell interference factor for CDMA and the frequency re-use factor for TDMA. These are computed, using a quasi-two-dimensional (2D) analysis, for average and worst-case conditions, taking into account radio propagation effects at VHF/UHF. We also investigate variations from conventional system operational modes: half-duplex for TDMA, and 1/3 frequency re-use for CDMA. We provide capacity estimates vs. cell size, and show that (as in the cellular case), capacity depends upon the many available system parameters, in addition to cell size.
Lanthanide-doped luminescent ionogels (2008)

Ionogels are solid oxide host networks confining at a meso-scale ionic liquids, and retaining their liquid nature. Ionogels were obtained by dissolving lanthanide(III) complexes in the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C6mim][Tf2N], followed by confinement of the lanthanide-doped ionic liquid mixtures in the pores of a nano-porous silica network. [C6mim][Ln(tta)4], where tta is 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate and Ln=Nd, Sm, Eu, Ho, Er, Yb, and [choline]3[Tb(dpa)3], where dpa=pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (dipicolinate), were chosen as the lanthanide complexes. The ionogels are luminescent, ion-conductive inorganic-organic hybrid materials. Depending on the lanthanide(III) ion, emission in the visible or the near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum was observed. The work presented herein highlights that the confinement did not disturb the first coordination sphere of the lanthanide ions and also showed the excellent luminescence performance of the lanthanide tetrakis beta-diketonate complexes. The crystal structures of the complexes [C6mim][Yb(tta)4] and [choline]3[Tb(dpa)3] are reported.
HIV-specific immunity following immunization with HIV synthetic envelope peptides in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients (1999)

This trial demonstrates that both peptides can be safely administered to HIV-infected individuals and that PCLUS 3-18MN induces increases in HIV peptide-specific immune responses.
Open-Loop Correlation Reduction Precoding in Overloaded MIMO-OFDM Systems (2015)

This paper proposes an open-loop correlation reduction precoding scheme for overloaded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In overloaded MIMO-OFDM systems, frequency diversity through joint maximum likelihood (ML) decoding suppresses performance degradation owing to spatial signal multiplexing. However, on a line-of-sight (LOS) channel, a channel matrix may have a large correlation between coded symbols transmitted on separate subcarriers. The correlation reduces the frequency diversity gain and deteriorates the signal separation capability. Thus, in the proposed scheme, open-loop precoding is employed at the transmitter of an overloaded MIMO system in order to reduce the correlation between codewords transmitted on different signal streams. The proposed precoding scheme changes the amplitude as well as the phase of the coded symbols transmitted on different subcarriers. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that the proposed scheme improves the bit error rate performance on Rician channels. It is also shown that the proposed scheme greatly suppresses the performance degradation on an independent Rayleigh fading channel even though the amplitude of the coded symbols varies.
Accumulation of the photonic energy of the deep-red part of the terrestrial sun irradiation by rare-earth metal-free E–Z photoisomerization (2021)

Accumulation of the photonic energy of the deep-red part of the terrestrial sun irradiation by rare earth metal-free <italic>E–Z</italic> photoisomerization, realized at extremely low excitation light intensities, as low as 4 sun (AM1.5) was demonstrated experimentally.
Biosynthetic studies on saframycin A, a quinone antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lavendulae. (1985)

The biosynthesis of saframycin A, a heterocyclic quinone antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces lavendulae 314, was studied by feeding experiments with 14C and 13C precursors. Highly increased production of saframycin A and prolongation of the maximum production period of saframycin A were attained by constant pH control of the culture and by addition of chloramphenicol to the culture. The biosynthetic origin of the quinone skeleton common to the saframycin group was confirmed to be two tyrosine molecules which condense to generate the basic ring system of saframycin A. Feeding experiments with [1-13C]tyrosine showed specific labeling of C-11 and C-21 carbons of saframycin A, and the enrichment of the carbons was 40-fold over natural abundance. Two O- and two C-methyl and one N-methyl carbons arose directly from methionine, and alanine and glycine were the precursors for the pyruvoyl amide side chain of saframycin A.
Evaluation of Influence of Load Patterns of Load-controlled Treadmill on Lower Limbs (2021)

Currently, elderly people account for more than 25% of the population in Japan, becoming a super aged society. The problem of Locomotive syndrome accompanying aging is a problem, and its prevention and improvement is considered an urgent issue. In order to realize the extension of healthy life without deterioration of quality of life (QOL), this research focuses on Sarcopenia and tries to build countermeasures for it. Sarcopenia is that muscle weakness of the whole body occurs. When it attenuates the muscles of the lower limbs, walking becomes difficult. In order to prevent this, in this research, we aim at rehabilitation by walking using a treadmill, aiming at strengthening the muscles of the lower limbs and restoring gait performance. Here, we focused on Soleus muscle and developed a self-propelled “Load-controlled treadmill” aimed at enhancing its muscles. Since the walking posture and speed are different between the Load-controlled treadmill and a conventional treadmill, walking experiments were carried out to compare these treadmills. In addition, we investigated the difference in gait depending on load patterns of the Load-controlled treadmill. It was evaluated by the change in the muscle activity amount of the lower limb muscle, the joint angle and the joint moment. As a result, it was found that the Load-controlled treadmill induces plantar flexion of ankle joint and activates the muscle activity of the lower limbs. Also, fatigue was reduced in some load patterns.
Flexible Fiber-reinforced Pipe for 10,000-foot Water Depths: Performance Assessments and Future Challenges (2014)

Abstract The primary aim of the present composite development program is to enhance access to deepwater fields in the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, and West Africa. To accomplish that goal, composite materials are being incorporated in unbonded flexible pipelines to lower mass and enhance the overall system performance to expand the operational design envelope. In addition, the use of composite materials will allow a significant improvement in pipe operating pressure (&amp;gt;70 MPa), pipe operating temperature (&amp;gt;125C) and due to increased CO2 and H2S resistance, will improve sour service performance and lifespan. Composite materials are well known for their low density and high specific strength, stiffness and fatigue performance. These properties are desirable and will certainly enhance pipe performance, but the overall performance of the pipe during all stages of manufacture and deployment must be considered, as well as a conservative approach to introducing these new materials. Some of the key factors that need to be assessed are material failure modes under varied pipe loadings, dynamic interactions and exposure to severe oil field environments. There are several individual standards, specifications and joint industry projects (JIPs) focused on composite pipes that address some of these issues, but there is also a general lack of consensus with regard to testing standards and understanding of the long-term performance. As flexible pipe suppliers, the industry must aim to provide performance assessments and address all key challenges to allow the flexible pipe industry to build confidence in the new and enabling composite pipe technologies. In a previous paper, we presented design concepts and a toolbox approach to construct different composite pipe solutions to meet all the aforementioned performance parameters. The present paper selectively highlights important failure modes and design considerations, demonstrates an understanding of behavior in the matrix and fiber phases, and addresses concerns related to the chemical performance of composite materials. The present paper also highlights and addresses some of the concerns of composite pipes and focuses on areas for future development and testing. These results will help support the selection and standardization of analysis tools and testing methods across the industry. Bespoke testing capabilities to address the relevant failure mechanisms and installation strategies for composite pipes will also be discussed.
Target occupancy study and whole-body dosimetry with a MAGL PET ligand [11C]PF-06809247 in non-human primates (2022)

[<sup>11</sup>C]PF-06809247 is a promising PET ligand for further studies of MAGL in the human brain.