gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract C163: Understanding the mechanism for synergistic anti-tumor activity of a meosthelin-targeted immunotoxin and taxanes (2015)

Abstract Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) are antibody-based therapies that carry a bacterial toxin payload. RG7787 is a next generation RIT that targets the cancer antigen mesothelin (MSLN) to deliver a recombinantly engineered variant of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) into the cell cytosol. PE irreversibly modifies elongation factor-2 (EF-2) by catalyzing addition of an ADP-ribose moiety. This causes EF-2 inactivation, inhibition of new protein synthesis, and a drop in the short-lived pro-survival factor mcl-1, triggering apoptosis. Combination of RG7787 with paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel results in boosted anti-tumor efficacy in several mouse models. In the KLM1 pancreatic cancer xenograft model, either drug alone halts tumor growth while the combination produces complete regressions. Here, we show that enhanced efficacy is also seen using an identically structured RIT that targets the transferrin receptor instead of mesothelin (LMB-74), but is not seen when RIT is combined with gemcitabine, suggesting that the effect is specific to both taxane and PE. Further, we have found that the interaction of RG7787 and taxane can be modeled in vitro. Under these conditions, the interaction is dependent on the dose of RG7787, and cannot be replicated by a chemical inhibitor of protein synthesis. Co-treatment with taxane does not affect the depth, rate of onset or recovery of cells from RG7787-mediated protein synthesis inhibition. Tumor cell killing occurs over a delayed time course and is not associated with an early drop in mcl-1 levels as is seen when using a cytotoxic dose of RG7787 alone. Taken together, these data suggest that PE treatment sensitizes cancer cells to taxane-mediated killing. Citation Format: Christine Campo Alewine, Emily Kolyvas, Ira Pastan. Understanding the mechanism for synergistic anti-tumor activity of a meosthelin-targeted immunotoxin and taxanes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C163.
Characterization of DKIST retarder components with polarization ray tracing (2014)

Super achromatic retarders and polychromatic modulators are required to meet the polarimetry specifications of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. These components have been analyzed and toleranced using a birefringent polarization ray trace over wavelength and field of view.
Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its possible association with tumor progression (1995)

These results using cell lines suggest the potential productivity of ACT by lung adenocarcinoma cells. The data in clinical materials, combined with results of the previous report that ACT in breast cancer acts as a minor growth factor-like substance, suggest that ACT expression in lung adenocarcinoma also may be associated closely with tumor progression and especially with tumor growth. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin expression status in Stage I tumors may be a potential independent prognostic factor.
Abstract 2423: Discovery of ZN-e4, an irreversible EGFR-TKI with potent anti-tumor activity in EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (2021)

Abstract Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) have made significant impact in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutations. Although the first and second-generation EGFR inhibitors have remarkably improved survival in advanced EGFR mutant NSCLC patients, most of the patients develop acquired resistance. The gatekeeper mutation (T790M) is the most common acquired resistance mechanism to the first and second-generation EGFR inhibitors. To overcome the T790M acquired resistance, third-generation EGFR inhibitors, such as osimertinib, were developed. However, additional mutant selective EGFR inhibitors with improved toxicity profile are still needed as osimertinib treatment produced incidence of adverse events, such as diarrhea and skin rush. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of ZN-e4, an orally bioavailable, selective, irreversible third generation EGFR inhibitor. ZN-e4 selectively inhibited the kinase activity of several mutated forms of EGFR, including L858R, T790M/L858R, and Exon19 del in biochemical assay. In cell-based assays, ZN-e4 demonstrated a 20-40-fold selectivity ratio for mutant EGFR forms over the wild-type form thus minimizing the potential for on target toxicity. ZN-e4 potently inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cell lines harboring EGFR activating and T790M mutation and induced tumor regression in small and large tumors with activating EGFR mutations in preclinical human NSCLC xenograft models. Taken together, our data suggest that ZN-e4 is a potent and selective third generation EGFR inhibitor. Currently, ZN-e4 is in a Phase I clinical trial in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC showing clinical activity and encouraging toxicity profile. Citation Format: Jiali Li, Sunny Abraham, Jianhui Ma, Peter Q. Huang, Kevin D. Bunker, Fernando Doñate, Ahmed A. Samatar. Discovery of ZN-e4, an irreversible EGFR-TKI with potent anti-tumor activity in EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2423.
Magnetic resonance analysis of the effects of acute ammonia intoxication on rat brain. Role of NMDA receptors (2007)

Acute ammonia intoxication leads to rapid death, which is prevented by blocking N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The subsequent mechanisms leading to death remain unclear. Brain edema seems an important step. The aim of this work was to study the effects of acute ammonia intoxication on different cerebral parameters in vivo using magnetic resonance and to assess which effects are mediated by NMDA receptors activation. To assess edema induction, we injected rats with ammonium acetate and measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in 16 brain areas. We also analyzed the effects on T1, T2, and T2* maps and whether these effects are prevented by blocking NMDA receptors. The effects of acute ammonia intoxication are different in different brain areas. T1 relaxation time is reduced in eight areas. T2 relaxation time is reduced only in ventral thalamus and globus pallidus. ADC values increased in hippocampus, caudate-putamen, substantia nigra and cerebellar cortex, reflecting vasogenic edema. ADC decreased in hypothalamus, reflecting cytotoxic edema. Myo-inositol increased in cerebellum and substantia nigra, reflecting vasogenic edema. N-acetyl-aspartate decreased in cerebellum, reflecting neuronal damage. Changes in N-acetyl-aspartate, T1 and T2 are prevented by blocking NMDA receptors with MK-801 while changes in ADC or myo-inositol (induction of edema) are not.
Power Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the shear rate and shear stress dependences of red blood cell aggregation (1996)

The use of power Doppler ultrasound at 10 MHz is evaluated as a method to study the shear rate and the shear stress dependences of red blood cell aggregation. This evaluation was based on six in vitro experiments conducted in a 1.27-cm diameter tube under steady flow conditions. Porcine whole blood was circulated in the flow model at flow rates ranging between 125 to 1500 ml/min (mean shear rate across the tube ranging between 6 and 74 s-1). For each flow condition, the variation of the Doppler power across the tube and the velocity profile were measured by moving the Doppler sample volume across the tube diameter. For each radial position, the shear rate within the Doppler sample volume was also determined by considering the radial power pattern of the ultrasound beam. To estimate the shear stress within the Doppler sample volume, the apparent viscosity of blood samples withdrawn from the flow model was measured for each experiment. The variation of the Doppler power as a function of the shear rate within the sample volume showed a rapid reduction of the power between 1 and 5 s-1, a transition region between 5 and 10 s-1, and a very slow reduction beyond 10 s-1. Little variation of the Doppler power was measured for shear stress higher than 2 dyn/cm2. The maximum Doppler power for all flow rates was usually found near the center of the tube. Based on the ultrasonic scattering models, which predict that the Doppler power is related to the volume square of the scatterers, the method described in the present study showed a very high sensitivity to the presence of red blood cell aggregation for shear rates below 10 s-1.
Phenolic molecular glasses as resists for next-generation lithography (2007)

In this contribution, we describe our efforts to develop novel chemically amplified molecular glass (MG) photoresists based on bulky phenol structures. In contrast to conventional polymeric materials, MG resists possess distinct advantages, such as smaller molecular size and uniformity in composition. A number of compounds which possess rigid aromatic backbones were synthesized in our laboratories and evaluated for electron beam lithography. Herein, two new MG photoresists are discussed in terms of their physical and lithographic properties. In the first section, we introduce <i>tert</i>-butoxycarbonyl (<i>t</i>-Boc) protected 'Noria-Boc' photoresists as a promising candidate for next generation lithographic technique. Noria-Boc was synthesized through a condensation reaction between resorcinol and 1,5- pentanedial. After protection with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate [(<i>t</i>-Boc)<sub>2</sub>O], the cyclic, bulky and amorphous material was characterized by a high glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub> > 120 °C) and excellent film-forming properties. Post-exposure bake at 140 °C was necessary to ensure complete development of the exposed area and produced sub-100 nm lines. In the second part, we describe the synthesis and lithographic evaluation of partially t-Boc-protected bulky phenol 'CR1'. CR1 is also characterized by high glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub> &#8776; 130 °C) and good film-forming properties. Postapply bake at 130 °C and post-exposure bake above 130 °C were necessary to ensure good contrast under deep UV (DUV) exposure conditions.
On the Conductive Loss of High-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${Q}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Frequency Reconfigurable Antennas for LTE Frequencies (2018)

Intrinsically narrowband and highly tunable systems are a promising way to address the bandwidth challenge of long-term evolution. However, narrowband antennas exhibit low efficiencies. This communication details the loss mechanism of narrowband antennas by investigating the contribution of the resistance of the tuner, the soldering tin, and the conductivity of the antenna material. It shows that conductive loss from the nonperfect electric conductor becomes the main source of loss for certain Q values. This loss is intrinsic to the antenna manufacturing and cannot be mitigated even with the best conductor, i.e., silver. Therefore, conductive loss poses a limit to narrowband antennas and to tuning range.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Oxygen‐ and Nitrogen‐Substituted Difluoromethylene Products. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prince among Slaves (1981)

In 1807, an Irish ship's surgeon recognized a slave at a Mississippi produce market as the son of an African king who had saved his life many years earlier. The Prince, as he had become known to local Natchez, Mississippi, residents, had been captured by warring tribesmen when he was 26 years old, sold to slavetraders, and shipped to America. An educated, aristocratic slave, Abd Rahman Ibrahima was made overseer of the large cotton and tobacco plantation of his master, who refused to sell him to the doctor for any price. After 25 years of petitioning, Dr. Cox finally gained Ibrahima his freedom, through the intercession of U.S. Secretary of State Henry Clay. Sixty-six-year-old Ibrahima sailed for Africa the following year, with his wife, two sons, and several grandchildren, and died there of fever just five months after his arrival. Prince Among Slaves is the first full account of Ibrahima's life, pieced together from first-person accounts and historical documents. It is not only a remarkable story, but the story of a remarkable man, who endured the humiliation of slavery without ever losing his dignity or his hope for freedom.
Protection against Bacterial Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B by Passive Vaccination (2002)

We investigated the ability of two overlapping fragments of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), which encompass the whole toxin, to induce protection and also examined if passive transfer of chicken anti-SEB antibodies raised against the holotoxin could protect rhesus monkeys against aerosolized SEB. Although both fragments of SEB were highly immunogenic, the fragments failed to protect mice whether they were injected separately or injected together. Passive transfer of antibody generated in chickens (immunoglobulin Y [IgY]) against the whole toxin suppressed cytokine responses and was protective in mice. All rhesus monkeys treated with the IgY specific for SEB up to 4 h after challenge survived lethal SEB aerosol exposure. These findings suggest that large fragments of SEB may not be ideal for productive vaccination, but passive transfer of SEB-specific antibodies protects nonhuman primates against lethal aerosol challenge. Thus, antibodies raised in chickens against the holotoxin may have potential therapeutic value within a therapeutic window of opportunity after SEB encounter.
Spatiotemporal Sparse Bayesian Learning With Applications to Compressed Sensing of Multichannel Physiological Signals (2014)

Energy consumption is an important issue in continuous wireless telemonitoring of physiological signals. Compressed sensing (CS) is a promising framework to address it, due to its energy-efficient data compression procedure. However, most CS algorithms have difficulty in data recovery due to nonsparsity characteristic of many physiological signals. Block sparse Bayesian learning (BSBL) is an effective approach to recover such signals with satisfactory recovery quality. However, it is time-consuming in recovering multichannel signals, since its computational load almost linearly increases with the number of channels. This work proposes a spatiotemporal sparse Bayesian learning algorithm to recover multichannel signals simultaneously. It not only exploits temporal correlation within each channel signal, but also exploits inter-channel correlation among different channel signals. Furthermore, its computational load is not significantly affected by the number of channels. The proposed algorithm was applied to brain computer interface (BCI) and EEG-based driver's drowsiness estimation. Results showed that the algorithm had both better recovery performance and much higher speed than BSBL. Particularly, the proposed algorithm ensured that the BCI classification and the drowsiness estimation had little degradation even when data were compressed by 80%, making it very suitable for continuous wireless telemonitoring of multichannel signals.
Further reductions in nonvertebral fracture rate with long-term denosumab treatment in the FREEDOM open-label extension and influence of hip bone mineral density after 3 years (2015)

Denosumab treatment beyond 3 years was associated with a further reduction in nonvertebral fracture rate that persisted through 7 years of continuous denosumab administration. The degree to which denosumab further reduces nonvertebral fracture risk appears influenced by the hip bone density achieved with initial therapy.
High-speed 980 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers with a multi-oxide layer structure for single-mode operation (2011)

High-speed, single transverse mode, oxide-confined, 980 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers with a multi-oxide layer structure to maintain single-mode operation with increased oxide aperture diameter are fabricated and characterised. Lasers with an 8 µm-diameter oxide aperture operated in a single fundamental mode under continuous wave condition with a side-mode suppression ratio of &gt;32 dB at current densities up to 20 times threshold and exhibited a 3 dB modulation frequency bandwidth up to 13 GHz at a current density of only 10 kA/cm2. The threshold current and voltage were as low as 260 µA and 1.45 V, respectively.
Physical characterisation of high-k gate stacks deposited on HF-last surfaces (2002)

By the combination of the analysis results of different complementary analysis techniques a methodology is established for the consistent determination of the growth curves for the ALCVD deposition of ZrO/sub 2/ and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ on HF-last surfaces. Consistency between all data requires the assumption of a lower film density than the bulk one of the different materials. The lower density is also determined independently by X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and is consistent with the thickness as determined by cross-section TEM.
Future of Smart Classroom in the Era of Wearable Neurotechnology (2021)

Interdisciplinary research among engineering, computer science, and neuroscience to understand and utilize the human brain signals resulted in advances and widespread applicability of wearable neurotechnology in adaptive human-in-the-loop smart systems. Considering these advances, we envision that future education will exploit the advances in wearable neurotechnology and move toward more personalized smart classrooms where instructions and interactions are tailored towards. students' individual strengths and needs. In this paper, we discuss the future of smart classrooms and how advances in neuroscience, machine learning, and embedded systems as key enablers will provide the infrastructure for envisioned smart classrooms and personalized education along with open challenges that are required to be addressed.
Tunnel Interface Types YANG Module (2019)

This document specifies the initial version of a YANG module
containing a collection of IANA maintained YANG identities, used as
interface types for tunnel interfaces. The module reflects the
tunnelType registry maintained by IANA. The latest revision of this
YANG module can be obtained from the IANA web site. Tunnel type
values are not directly added to the Tunnel Interface Types YANG
module; they must instead be added to the tunnelType IANA registry.
Once a new tunnel type registration is made by IANA for a new
tunneling scheme or even an existing one that is not already listed in
the current registry (e.g., LISP, NSH), IANA will update the Tunnel
Interface Types YANG module accordingly. Some of the IETF-defined
tunneling techniques are not listed in the current IANA registry. It
is not the intent of this document to update the existing IANA
registry with a comprehensive list of tunnel technologies. Registrants
must follow the IETF registration procedure for interface types
whenever a new tunnel type is needed.
SRI's Approach to Multimodal Sensing of Stress for Stress Resiliency Training (2012)

Abstract : During this reporting period, we refined the magnitude estimation approach in the facial response measurement software and implemented a median filter based technique for establishing the neutral face in extended live recordings of spontaneous reactions. We now describe each of these in more detail.
Compact Modeling of Radiation Effects in Thin-Layer SOI-MOSFETs (2020)

Radiation can generate huge amounts of carriers in thin-layer SOI-MOSFETs, which change the device-internal potential distribution, known as an origin for of malfunction of circuits. 2D-numerical device-simulation analysis shows that the radiation-generated electrons initially flow-out from the SOI layer to both source and drain electrodes, which moderates the radiation-effect magnitude on device currents in this beginning stage. Subsequent enhancement of the current flow is due to accumulated holes caused by the potential barrier at source/channel junction. Compact modeling of the carrier movements during the initial radiation stage and of the hole-accumulation dynamics is based on the dynamically generated carrier densities. The developed compact model has been implemented into SPICE and model evaluation has been done by comparison to 2D-numerical device-simulation results. Under the off-state, it is shown that circuits can be easily switched to operation condition. Under the on-state, it is demonstrated that circuits can easily malfunction by operating differently from the designed circuit function. Though the radiation itself happens only for a short time, the radiation-induced effects continue for a rather time long, which causes serious effects in the circuits and is explained by the capacitor features of the SOI-MOSFET.
Advanced DFT–NEGF Transport Techniques for Novel 2-D Material and Device Exploration Including HfS2/WSe2 van der Waals Heterojunction TFET and WTe2/WS2 Metal/Semiconductor Contact (2021)

We present, here, advanced density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function (DFT–NEGF) techniques that we have implemented in our ATOmistic MOdeling Solver (ATOMOS) to explore transport in novel materials and devices, particularly in van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction transistors. We describe our methodologies using plane-wave DFT, followed by a Wannierization step, and a linear combination of atomic orbital DFT that lead to orthogonal and nonorthogonal NEGF models, respectively. We then describe in detail our nonorthogonal NEGF implementation including the Sancho–Rubio method and electron–phonon (e–ph) scattering within a nonorthogonal framework. We also present our methodology to extract e–ph coupling from first principles and include them in our transport simulations. Finally, we apply our methods to the exploration of novel 2-D materials and devices. This includes 2-D material selection and the dynamically doped FET for ultimately scaled MOSFETS, the exploration of vdW tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs), in particular the HfS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /WSe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> TFET that could achieve high ON-current levels, and the study of Schottky barrier height and transport through a metal-semiconducting WTe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /WS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> vdW junction transistor.