gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exercise Prevents Diet-Induced Cellular Senescence in Adipose Tissue (2016)

Considerable evidence implicates cellular senescence in the biology of aging and chronic disease. Diet and exercise are determinants of healthy aging; however, the extent to which they affect the behavior and accretion of senescent cells within distinct tissues is not clear. Here we tested the hypothesis that exercise prevents premature senescent cell accumulation and systemic metabolic dysfunction induced by a fast-food diet (FFD). Using transgenic mice that express EGFP in response to activation of the senescence-associated p16(INK4a) promoter, we demonstrate that FFD consumption causes deleterious changes in body weight and composition as well as in measures of physical, cardiac, and metabolic health. The harmful effects of the FFD were associated with dramatic increases in several markers of senescence, including p16, EGFP, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) specifically in visceral adipose tissue. We show that exercise prevents the accumulation of senescent cells and the expression of the SASP while nullifying the damaging effects of the FFD on parameters of health. We also demonstrate that exercise initiated after long-term FFD feeding reduces senescent phenotype markers in visceral adipose tissue while attenuating physical impairments, suggesting that exercise may provide restorative benefit by mitigating accrued senescent burden. These findings highlight a novel mechanism by which exercise mediates its beneficial effects and reinforces the effect of modifiable lifestyle choices on health span.
Letters to the editor (1970)

Abstract Extract Sir,—The isolation of leptospires from contaminated specimens or cultures is difficult. Many mechanical and chemical methods have been tried. Galton et al. (1962 Galton, N. M., Menges, R. W., Shotts, E. B., Nahmias, A. J. and Heath, C. W. 1962. “Leptospirosis. Epidemiology, clinical manifestadons in man and animals and methods of laboratory diagnosis”. In U.S. Publ. Hlth Serv. Publ. No. 915 Washington, D.C. [Google Scholar]) suggested inoculation of culture media from serial dilutions, and the report of the WHO Expert Group (1967) mentioned the use of chemically defined media, 5-fluoruracil, plating media or animal inoculation. These have been tried with indifferent results in this laboratory.
Single-Chain Soluble Receptor Fusion Proteins as Versatile Cytokine Inhibitors (2020)

Cytokines are small secreted proteins that among many functions also play key roles in the orchestration of inflammation in host defense and disease. Over the past years, a large number of biologics have been developed to target cytokines in disease, amongst which soluble receptor fusion proteins have shown some promise in pre-clinical studies. We have previously shown proof-of-concept for the therapeutic targeting of interleukin (IL)-33 in airway inflammation using a newly developed biologic, termed IL-33trap, comprising the ectodomains of the cognate receptor ST2 and the co-receptor IL-1RAcP fused into a single-chain recombinant fusion protein. Here we extend the biophysical and biological characterization of IL-33trap variants, and show that IL-33trap is a stable protein with a monomeric profile both at physiological temperatures and during liquid storage at 4°C. Reducing the N-glycan heterogeneity and complexity of IL-33trap via GlycoDelete engineering neither affects its stability nor its inhibitory activity against IL-33. We also report that IL-33trap specifically targets biologically active IL-33 splice variants. Finally, we document the generation and antagonistic activity of a single-chain IL-4/13trap, which inhibits both IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. Collectively, these results illustrate that single-chain soluble receptor fusion proteins against IL-4, IL-13, and IL-33 are novel biologics that might not only be of interest for research purposes and further interrogation of the role of their target cytokines in physiology and disease, but may also complement monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of allergic and other inflammatory diseases.
Introduction to the special issue on the 2006 reconfigurable and adaptive architecture workshop (2007)

The papers that follow comprise the proceedings of the first Reconfigurable and Adaptive Architecture Workshop (RAAW 2006) that was held in conjunction with the 39 th International Conference on Microarchitecture in Orlando, Florida.
Improving the Performance of 4-State Turbo Codes with the Correction Impulse Method and Data Puncturing (2006)

Turbo codes offer excellent error-rate performance and have been included in a wide variety of systems and standards. However, these gains are limited as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases by "flares" in their error-rate curves. These flares may disqualify turbo codes from applications that require very low error rates. Recently, an effective method for reducing these error flares that is applicable to any turbo or turbo-like code has been proposed. This paper shows that this technique is of tremendous value even when applied to relatively weak 4-state, single-binary turbo codes, particularly when used in conjunction with data puncturing and well-designed interleavers
Effect of conductive additives in LiFePO4 cathode for lithium-ion batteries (2003)

The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 cathodes with different carbon contents were studied to find out the role of carbon as conductive additive. LiFePO4 cathodes containing from 0 percent to 12 percent of conductive additive (carbon black or mixture of carbon black and graphite) were cycled at different C rates. The capacity of LiFePO4 cathode increased, as conductive additive content increased. Carbon increased the utilization of active material and the electrical conductivity of electrode, but decreased volumetric capacity of electrode.
Detection of residual stresses in glass-penetrated polycrystalline alumina with nanoindentation (1999)

Abstract Silicate glasses were introduced into polycrystalline alumina specimens by controlled penetration. Mechanical properties of intergranular phases thus formed were probed with nanoindentation and in-situ atomic force microscopy. The approach makes it possible to locate indentations on particular regions of the sample to measure both the hardness and Young's modulus of the glass contained at interfaces and in triple junctions. The influence of applied stresses on the measured hardness and Young's modulus was used to assess the residual stresses that were produced in the glass cooling from the processing temperatures. This new technique allows direct evaluation of the effect of the intergranular-phase composition and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the liquid-phase-sintered alumina ceramics.
Strengthening via Microstructure Refinement in Bulk Al&ndash;4 mass% Fe Alloy Using High-Pressure Torsion (2011)

A bulk Al–4 mass% Fe alloy processed by extrusion or by a combination of extrusion and successive annealing was subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) through high-pressure torsion (HPT) for up to 75 revolutions. Microstructural evolution was examined by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy with special attention for the grain refinement in the Al matrix and for the distribution and morphology of Fe-containing intermetallic particles. Solubility of Fe in the Al matrix was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A significant increase in Vickers microhardness was observed because of the development of an ultrafine-grained matrix and a fine fragmentation of the intermetallic particles especially at an early stage of SPD. The strengthening was affected by the initial state of the microstructure prior to HPT, but finally it was saturated at a higher degree of straining.
Direct Characterization of Radical Species Generated on One-Electron Oxidation of 3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridan (2001)

Sequential electron−proton−electron transfer processes in the oxidation of 3,6-diamino-10-methylacridan, an uncharged precursor of acriflavine, were studied. Transient products, i.e., radical cations and radicals, were spectroscopically characterized by pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis.
Hindered rotation of the isopropenyl group in substituted isopropenylcyclohexanes and identification of preferred rotamers by nuclear magnetic resonance. Bent bonds may be better bonds (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHindered rotation of the isopropenyl group in substituted isopropenylcyclohexanes and identification of preferred rotamers by nuclear magnetic resonance. Bent bonds may be better bondsH. M. R. Hoffmann, Raymond J. Giguere, Detlef Pauluth, and Edgar HoferCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 8, 1155–1159Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00156a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00156a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MD1003 (High-Dose Pharmaceutical-Grade Biotin) for the Treatment of Chronic Visual Loss Related to Optic Neuritis in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2018)

EudraCT identifier 2013-002112-27. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02220244 FUNDING: MedDay Pharmaceuticals.
A Model for Presence and Instant Messaging (2000)

This document defines an abstract model for a presence and instant messaging system. It defines the various entities involved, defines terminology, and outlines the services provided by the system. The goal is to provide a common vocabulary for further work on requirements for protocols and markup for presence and instant messaging.
Real-time Wireless Channel Monitoring Cooperated with Roadside Sensors for Autonomous Mobility Assistance System (AMAS) (2019)

Research and development (R&D) for an autonomous and automatic mobility assistance system (AMAS) in cooperation with information communication technology (ICT) is undergoing. The AMAS method which efficiently updates and distributes the road information collected by mobility and roadside sensors to a dynamic map (DM) enables automatic mobility control with high reliability and accuracy. In order to verify the renewal and dispersion of DM, we have developed a wireless electronic traffic mirror (WETM) that acquires road information, recognizes road objects and transfers recognition information with a wireless communication system. Additionally, to meet the safety requirements, the AMAS must provide the wireless connection best suited for mobility. In order to provide optimum wireless connectivity, real-time wireless channel monitoring, which measures the quality of wireless channels with interference, is an important task in the AMAS. In this paper, the real-time wireless channel monitoring system in cooperation with the developed WETM is introduced, and in order to clarify the reason why the quality of the road was changed, clear evidence of the visibility of the road situation is clarified.
Polyanhydride Chemistry (2022)

Polyanhydrides (PAs) are a class of synthetic biodegradable polymers employed as controlled drug delivery vehicles. They can be synthesized and scaled up from low-cost starting materials. The structure of PAs can be manipulated synthetically to meet desirable characteristics. PAs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and generate nontoxic metabolites upon degradation, which are easily eliminated from the body. The rate of water penetrating into the polyanhydride (PA) matrix is slower than the anhydride bond cleavage. This phenomenon sets PAs as "surface-eroding drug delivery carriers." Consequently, a variety of PA-based drug delivery carriers in the form of solid implants, pasty injectable formulations, microspheres, nanoparticles, etc. have been developed for the sustained release of small molecule drugs, and vaccines, peptide drugs, and nucleic acid-based active agents. The rate of drug delivery is often controlled by the polymer erosion rate, which is influenced by the polymer structure and composition, crystallinity, hydrophobicity, pH of the release medium, device size, configuration, etc. Owing to the above-mentioned interesting physicochemical and mechanical properties of PAs, the present review focuses on the advancements made in the domain of synthetic biodegradable biomedical PAs for therapeutic delivery applications. Various classes of PAs, their structures, their unique characteristics, their physicochemical and mechanical properties, and factors influencing surface erosion are discussed in detail. The review also summarizes various methods involved in the synthesis of PAs and their utility in the biomedical domain as drug, vaccine, and peptide delivery carriers in different formulations are reviewed.
Interface-Dependent Ion Migration/Accumulation Controls Hysteresis in MAPbI3 Solar Cells (2016)

Hysteresis in the current–voltage characteristics of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite-based solar cells is one of the fundamental aspects of these cells that we do not understand well. One possible cause, suggested for the hysteresis, is polarization of the perovskite layer under applied voltage and illumination bias, due to ion migration within the perovskite. To study this problem systemically, current–voltage characteristics of both regular (light incident through the electron conducting contact) and so-called inverted (light incident through the hole conducting contact) perovskite cells were studied at different temperatures and scan rates. We explain our results by assuming that the effects of scan rate and temperature on hysteresis are strongly correlated to ion migration within the device, with the rate-determining step being ion migration at/across the interfaces of the perovskite layer with the contact materials. By correlating between the scan rate with the measurement temperature, we show that the inverted and regular cells operate in different hysteresis regimes, with different activation energies of 0.28 ± 0.04 eV and 0.59 ± 0.09 eV, respectively. We suggest that the differences observed between the two architectures are due to different rates of ion migration close to the interfaces, and conclude that the diffusion coefficient of migrating ions in the inverted cells is 3 orders of magnitude higher than in the regular cells, leading to different accumulation rates of ions near the interfaces. Analysis of VOC as a function of temperature shows that the main recombination mechanism is trap-assisted (Shockley-Read Hall, SRH) in the space charge region, similar to what is the case for other thin film inorganic solar cells.
Nonclassical amplitude-squeezed light generated by semiconductor quantum well lasers (1995)

Amplitude-squeezed light has been generated by semiconductor quantum well lasers in numerous optical configurations, at both room and cryogenic temperatures. Various intensity noise sources associated with nonideal laser operation, in particular mode partition and polarization-dependent noise, can introduce intensity fluctuations that limit or remove amplitude squeezing. We discuss amplitude noise reduction in low-temperature free-running and injection-locking laser configurations and room-temperature injection locking and external-cavity laser configurations. Drive-current modulation with a nonclassical SNR improvement is achieved with an injection-locked laser.
MEMS-based frequency modulation of fiber ring laser (2015)

Fiber lasers are gaining wide attention nowadays due to their high stability, high reliability, low cost and compactness. Frequency modulation of the laser system has many applications such as wavelength tuning, active mode locking, generation of optical frequency combs and fiber sensors in general. In this work, we report frequency modulation of fiber ring laser system using transmission-type corner cube in-plane MEMS phase modulator fabricated by DRIE technology on an SOI substrate. The fiber-coupled MEMS-based phase modulator is inserted in a multilongitudinal mode fiber ring laser, which has a free spectral range of 345 kHz. By varying the applied voltage on the MEMS device, a wide range of the frequency modulation index can be achieved.
Updates on Anticoagulation and Laboratory Tools for Therapy Monitoring of Heparin, Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants (2021)

Anticoagulant drugs have been used to prevent and treat thrombosis. However, they are associated with risk of hemorrhage. Therefore, prior to their clinical use, it is important to assess the risk of bleeding and thrombosis. In case of older anticoagulant drugs like heparin and warfarin, dose adjustment is required owing to narrow therapeutic ranges. The established monitoring methods for heparin and warfarin are activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)/anti-Xa assay and prothrombin time - international normalized ratio (PT-INR), respectively. Since 2008, new generation anticoagulant drugs, called direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), have been widely prescribed to prevent and treat several thromboembolic diseases. Although the use of DOACs without routine monitoring and frequent dose adjustment has been shown to be safe and effective, there may be clinical circumstances in specific patients when measurement of the anticoagulant effects of DOACs is required. Recently, anticoagulation therapy has received attention when treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of anticoagulant drugs-heparin, warfarin, and DOACs and describe the methods used for the measurement of their effects. In addition, we discuss the latest findings on thrombosis mechanism in patients with COVID-19 with respect to biological chemistry.
Periodic broadcast and patching services (2001)

Multimedia streaming applications consume a significant amount of server and network resources due to the high bandwidth and long duration of audio and video clips. Patching and periodic broadcast schemes use multicast transmission and client buffering in innovative ways to reduce server and network resource use. Current research in this area has focussed on the theoretical aspects of these approaches, rather than on the challenges involved in implementing and deploying such scalable video transmission services. In this paper, we first describe the design and implementation of a flexible streaming video server and client testbed that can support emerging streaming services such as periodic broadcast and patching. We explore and present solutions to the system and network issues involved in actually implementing these services. Using this testbed, we conduct extensive experimental evaluations, measuring performance both at the server as well as end-end performance at the client, over the local network as well as over VBNS, and present key insights gained from our implementation and experimental evaluations.
A Study of Advanced Semiconductor Switch Physics and Technology (1997)

Abstract : Russian ultra-fast, solid state switch technology was investigated in this study. Drift step recovery diodes (DSRDs) with silicon avalanche shapers (SASs) were experimentally examined. In addition, the SAS was studied using device-level modeling. The experiments and model results were compared with each other and with the Russian theory of operation. This research demonstrated that the Russian theory of the SAS was inconsistent with the operational behavior and circuit simulation. The SAS operates in a manner more consistent with a TRAPATT (TRApped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transit) device. A simple circuit used to test the DSRD and SAS device is presented. Lifetime test results and switching voltage waveforms are discussed and evaluated. An optimum design for the SAS is offered based upon the theory of operation and code simulations. The University of New Mexico's drift diffusion furnace was used to construct a series of avalanche shapers similar in behavior to the Russian SAS. The results of this effort, including experimental data, are presented. Finally, a variety of commercialization opportunities for this fast semiconductor switch technology is offered.
Informatics analysis of capillary electropherograms of autologously doped and undoped blood (2019)

Detection of autologous blood doping using capillary electrophoresis and inverse least squares.
CO hydrogenation in the presence of added oxygen: new evidence on the reaction mechanism (1988)

M. van der Riet, D. Copperthwaite, R. Hunter and G. J. Hutchings, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1988, 512 DOI: 10.1039/C39880000512
Growth and characterization of GaAs epitaxial layers on Si/porous Si/Si substrate by chemical beam epitaxy (2001)

The initial growth of GaAs films on a Si/porous Si/Si (SPS) substrate has been investigated using reflection high-energy electron diffraction. The morphology and the thickness have been examined by a Nomarski optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results of the low temperature photoluminescence studies have shown that a significant reduction in the residual thermal tensile stress can be achieved with reduced growth temperature. The 77 K photoluminescence spectra for GaAs/Si show a strain-induced splitting between the heavy and light hole valence bands which corresponds to a biaxial tensile stress of 2.45 kbar acting on the GaAs layer where the same for GaAs/SPS grown at 450 °C is 1.69 kbar. The results have shown that a SPS substrate with the combination of low temperature growth is a promising candidate for obtaining GaAs films with low stress.