gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen Permeability and Phase Transformation of Strontium-Cobaltite System. Effect of B-site Substitution (2000)

The relation between oxygen permeation and phase transformation of A- and B-site partially substituted strontium cobaltites, Sr0.9Ca0.l Co1-xB'xO2.5+δ (B'=Co, Mn, Ni, In, Fe or Al), were examined. As analyzed by high-temperature XRD, all of these oxides transformed into perovskite-type structure at elevated temperatures. The transformation temperatures of the last two oxides (B' = Fe or Al) were lower than those of the others. Noticeably, the phase transformation temperatures coincided with the temperature at which oxygen permeation switched on. The lowest switching-on temperature (750℃) was observed with the Fe-substituted oxide among the above oxides.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The nuclear protein HMGB1 is secreted by monocytes via a non-classical, vesicle-mediated secretory pathway. (2002)

HMGB1, a non-histone nuclear factor, acts extracellularly as a mediator of delayed endotoxin lethality, which raises the question of how a nuclear protein can reach the extracellular space. We show that activation of monocytes results in the redistribution of HMGB1 from the nucleus to cytoplasmic organelles, which display ultrastructural features of endolysosomes. HMGB1 secretion is induced by stimuli triggering lysosome exocytosis. The early mediator of inflammation interleukin (IL)-1 is also secreted by monocytes through a non-classical pathway involving exocytosis of secretory lysosomes. However, in keeping with their respective role of early and late inflammatory factors, IL-1 and HMGB1 respond at different times to different stimuli: IL-1 secretion is induced earlier by ATP, autocrinally released by monocytes soon after activation; HMGB1 secretion is triggered by lysophosphatidylcholine, generated later in the inflammation site. Thus, in monocytes, non-classical secretion can occur through vescicle compartments that are at least partially distinct.
Supplementary Data from Vorinostat Inhibits Brain Metastatic Colonization in a Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks (2023)

Supplementary Data from Vorinostat Inhibits Brain Metastatic Colonization in a Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks
Erratum: Critical properties of bimodal polymer solutions [J. Chem. Phys. 9 , 6652 (1989)] (1990)

First Page
ChemInform Abstract: Proton Abstraction and Electrophilic Quench at C‐2 of Imidazolidines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fibre optic strain measurements for bond modelling of prestressed near-surface-mounted iron-based shape memory alloy bars (2021)

Near-surface-mounted (NSM) iron-based shape memory alloy (memory-steel) bars represent a novel type of reinforcement for prestressed strengthening of concrete structures. To examine the bond behaviour of these embedded reinforcements in detail, fibre optic (FO) methods can be used. In this study, distributed FO strain measurements were performed in small-scale bond experiments and large-scale structural experiments using prestressed and non-prestressed NSM memory-steel bars. The experiments demonstrated the FO measurement technique's feasibility on memory-steel bars, provided insights into the complex strain profiles before and after prestressing, and revealed the active bond lengths. When the memory-steel bar was subjected to an external load, a reduction in the bar's stiffness resulted in an increase in active bond length. The results furthermore highlighted the importance of rigid bar fixations to avoid prestress loss. The obtained strain distributions were also processed to calculate the distributed slip and axial bar stress, and to investigate the parameters of three different bond shear stress–slip laws (BSSLs). A linear increasing BSSL with a nonlinear bar stiffness led to a realistic calculation of the axial stress in the bar, while resulting in acceptable slip and strain. The implementation of a constant Young’s modulus consistently overestimated the axial bar stress.
A Case for High Availability in a Virtualized Environment (HAVEN) (2008)

The cost and operational complexity of traditional High Availability solutions has limited their widespread adoption. Virtualization allows availability properties to be associated with the system architecture, rather than depending on the intrinsic reliability of components. This paper introduces an extensible grammar that classifies the states and transitions of virtual machine images. From this grammar, rules for recovery and High Availability can be created which define how virtualization allows for simplified fault tolerance, making HAVENs accessible to the mainstream user.
Inter-technology handover in PMIPv6 domain (2009)

Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213] is a network based mobility management
protocol which provides IP mobility service to a host in a way which
is transparent to the host itself. This document analyses the scenario
in which the mobile node equipped with multiple network interfaces
roams in a Proxy Mobile IPv6 domain consisting of multiple access
networks. If the mobile node wants to preserve IP session continuity
across different network interfaces as it moves from one access
network to another it needs to be enhanced with a new, PMIPv6-
specific functionality. Conventions used in this document The key
words MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD,
SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL in this document
are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
VisArgue : A Visual Text Analytics Framework for the Study of Deliberative Communication (2016)

For the last two decades, deliberative democracy has been intensively debated within political science and other related fields. Only recently, deliberation research has experienced a computational turn. In this paper, we present a linguistic and visual framework for the study of deliberative communication. The framework includes a range of visual analytics approaches to support research into deliberation. In particular, we propose a range of visualizations for highlighting deliberative patterns over time, speakers, and debates.
Indirect detection of nitrogen-14 in solid-state NMR spectroscopy (2009)

This thesis describes new methods for the detection of 14N nuclei by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. So far, the low natural abundance (0.4 %) 15N isotope has been widely used to study nitrogen-containing samples because of its spin-1/2 nature. The limited use of the spin-1 isotope 14N (natural abundance 99.6 %) in NMR is due to its strong quadrupolar coupling constant, which leads to very broad spectra that are difficult to excite uniformly and equally difficult to detect, requiring broad receiver bandwidths. The new methods presented in this work result from two main projects covering the indirect detection of 14N via carbon and via protons. The indirect detection of 14N can be achieved by heteronuclear multiple- or single-quantum correlation (HMQC or HSQC) experiments, which rely on the transfer of coherence from a neighboring spin S = 1/2 (13C or 1H) to single- (SQ) or double-quantum (DQ) transitions of 14N nuclei. These methods allow one to observe 14N powder patterns with enhanced sensitivity. These spectra depend on the quadrupolar coupling constant CQ (typically a few MHz), the asymmetry parameter ηQ, and on the orientation of the internuclear vector rIS between the I (14N) and S (13C or 1H) nuclei with respect to the quadrupolar tensor. These parameters reveal valuable information about the structure and dynamics of nitrogen-containing solids. The indirect detection methods are discussed in detail, covering the optimization of experimental parameters; subsequently, applications to the study of amino acids at different magnetic fields are demonstrated.
Supporting Collaborative Writing with Microtasks (2016)

This paper presents the MicroWriter, a system that decomposes the task of writing into three types of microtasks to produce a single report: 1) generating ideas, 2) labeling ideas to organize them, and 3) writing paragraphs given a few related ideas. Because each microtask can be completed individually with limited awareness of what has been already done and what others are doing, this decomposition can change the experience of collaborative writing. Prior work has used microtasking to support collaborative writing with unaffiliated crowd workers. To instead study its impact on collaboration among writers with context and investment in the writing project, we asked six groups of co-workers (or 19 people in total) to use the MicroWriter in a synchronous, collocated setting to write a report about a shared work goal. Our observations suggest ways that recent advances in microtasking and crowd work can be used to support collaborative writing within preexisting groups.
Environmental Acidification Drives S. pyogenes Pilus Expression and Microcolony Formation on Epithelial Cells in a FCT-Dependent Manner (2010)

Group A Streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) is a gram-positive human pathogen responsible for a diverse variety of diseases, including pharyngitis, skin infections, invasive necrotizing fasciitis and autoimmune sequelae. We have recently shown that GAS cell adhesion and biofilm formation is associated with the presence of pili on the surface of these bacteria. GAS pilus proteins are encoded in the FCT (Fibronectin-Collagen-T antigen) genomic region, of which nine different variants have been identified so far. In the present study we undertook a global analysis of GAS isolates representing the majority of FCT-variants to investigate the effect of environmental growth conditions on their capacity to form multicellular communities. For FCT-types 2, 3, 5 and 6 and a subset of FCT-4 strains, we observed that acidification resulting from fermentative sugar metabolism leads to an increased ability of the bacteria to form biofilm on abiotic surfaces and microcolonies on epithelial cells. The higher biofilm forming capacity at low environmental pH was directly associated with an enhanced expression of the genes encoding the pilus components and of their transcription regulators. The data indicate that environmental pH affects the expression of most pilus types and thereby the formation of multicellular cell-adhering communities that assist the initial steps of GAS infection.
Metalation of a Thiocatechol-Functionalized Zr(IV)-Based Metal–Organic Framework for Selective C–H Functionalization (2015)

The incorporation of 2,3-dimercaptoterephthalate (thiocatecholate, tcat) into a highly robust UiO-type metal-organic framework (MOF) has been achieved via postsynthetic exchange (PSE). The anionic, electron-donating thiocatecholato motif provides an excellent platform to obtain site-isolated and coordinatively unsaturated soft metal sites in a robust MOF architecture. Metalation of the thiocatechol group with palladium affords unprecedented Pd-mono(thiocatecholato) moieties within these MOFs. Importantly, Pd-metalated MOFs are efficient, heterogeneous, and recyclable catalysts for regioselective functionalization of sp(2) C-H bond. This material is a rare example of chelation-assisted C-H functionalization performed by a MOF catalyst.
Artificial intelligence in the interpretation of breast cancer on MRI (2019)

Advances in both imaging and computers have led to the rise in the potential use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various tasks in breast imaging, going beyond the current use in computer-aided detection to include diagnosis, prognosis, response to therapy, and risk assessment. The automated capabilities of AI offer the potential to enhance the diagnostic expertise of clinicians, including accurate demarcation of tumor volume, extraction of characteristic cancer phenotypes, translation of tumoral phenotype features to clinical genotype implications, and risk prediction. The combination of image-specific findings with the underlying genomic, pathologic, and clinical features is becoming of increasing value in breast cancer. The concurrent emergence of newer imaging techniques has provided radiologists with greater diagnostic tools and image datasets to analyze and interpret. Integrating an AI-based workflow within breast imaging enables the integration of multiple data streams into powerful multidisciplinary applications that may lead the path to personalized patient-specific medicine. In this article we describe the goals of AI in breast cancer imaging, in particular MRI, and review the literature as it relates to the current application, potential, and limitations in breast cancer. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1310-1324.
Improvement in sleep outcomes with a 17β-estradiol–progesterone oral capsule (TX-001HR) for postmenopausal women (2018)

TX-001HR significantly improved MOS-Sleep parameters from baseline to week 12, which was sustained for up to 12 months, and was associated with a very low incidence of somnolence.
ARMC5 as a possible regulator of acetylation in the adrenal cortex in partnership with SIRT1 (2022)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
<title>Doppler Instrumentation For Measuring Blood Velocity And Flow</title> (1976)

Blood flow is one of the most important physiological parameters, and also one of the most difficult to measure accurately. This is especially so when the flow through a particular vessel or organ is required, either on a chronic basis in experimental animals, or non-invasively in the clinical environment. It now appears that the use of Doppler ultrasound can solve such a measurement problem in a wide variety of cases.
Improving Flow and Spillage Characteristics of Range Hoods by Using an Inclined Air-Curtain Technique (2010)

The current study developed a new type of range hood, which was termed an 'inclined air-curtain range hood', in order to improve the flow and performance of the conventionally used wall-mounted range hood. The flow characteristics and oil mist spillages of air-curtain and conventional range hoods under the influences of both a mannequin presence and a simulated walk-by motion were experimentally examined. The study examined flow patterns by using a laser-light-sheet-assisted smoke-flow visualization technique and diagnosed spillages by using the tracer gas concentration test method. A mannequin presented in front of the conventional hood induced turbulent dispersion of oil mists toward the chest and nose of the mannequin owing to the complex interaction among the suction, wake, and wall effect, while the inclined air-curtain hood presented excellent hood performance by isolating the oil mists from the mannequin with an air curtain and therefore could reduce spillages out into the atmosphere and the mannequin's breathing zone. Both flow visualization and the tracer gas test indicated that the air-curtain hood had excellent 'robustness' over the conventional hood in resisting the influence of walk-by motion. The air-curtain technique could drastically improve the flow characteristics and performance of the range hood by consuming less energy.
Structure of OrthorhombicV0.95Cr0.05O2 (1972)

A structure determination of the orthorhombic phase of ${\mathrm{V}}_{0.95}$${\mathrm{Cr}}_{0.05}$${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ based on powder data indicates that the probable space group is $F222$ and the room-temperature lattice parameters are ${a}_{o}=13.015$ \AA{}, ${b}_{o}=12.597$ \AA{}, and ${c}_{o}=5.795$ \AA{}. The structure represents a distortion of the tetragonal rutile structure of high-temperature ($T&gt;{68}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ C) ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ having cell parameters ${a}_{r}\ensuremath{\approx}\frac{{a}_{0}}{2\sqrt{2}}\ensuremath{\approx}\frac{{b}_{o}}{2\sqrt{2}}$ and ${c}_{r}\ensuremath{\approx}\frac{1}{2}{c}_{0}$. The orthorhombic cell contains 16${({\mathrm{V}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{0.05})}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. There are four distinguishable $c$-axis chains of edge-shared octahedra: Cations ${V}_{1}$ in $4a$ and ${V}_{2}$ in $4b$ occupy alternate positions of one chain, the ${\mathrm{V}}_{1}$-O separations being nearly uniform ($\ensuremath{\approx}1.895$ \AA{}), whereas the ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$-O distances along ${b}_{o}$ are shorter (1.85 \AA{}) and the four others are longer (2. 04 \AA{}). Cations ${\mathrm{V}}_{3}$ in $8j$ and ${\mathrm{V}}_{4}$ in $8i$ exhibit antiferroelectric displacements along half the $c$-axis chains, and cations ${\mathrm{V}}_{5}$ from ${\mathrm{V}}_{5}$-${\mathrm{V}}_{5}$ pairs along the fourth $c$-axis chain. The relationship of this structure to the semiconductor-to-metal transition in V${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ is discussed.
PBA increases CFTR expression but at high doses inhibits Cl−secretion in Calu-3 airway epithelial cells (1999)

Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA), a short-chain fatty acid, has been approved to treat patients with urea cycle enzyme deficiencies and is being evaluated in the management of sickle cell disease, thalassemia, cancer, and cystic fibrosis (CF). Because relatively little is known about the effects of PBA on the expression and function of the wild-type CF transmembrane conductance regulator (wt CFTR), the goal of this study was to examine the effects of PBA and related compounds on wt CFTR-mediated Cl(-) secretion. To this end, we studied Calu-3 cells, a human airway cell line that expresses endogenous wt CFTR and has a serous cell phenotype. We report that chronic treatment of Calu-3 cells with a high concentration (5 mM) of PBA, sodium butyrate, or sodium valproate but not of sodium acetate reduced basal and 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP-stimulated Cl(-) secretion. Paradoxically, PBA enhanced CFTR protein expression 6- to 10-fold and increased the intensity of CFTR staining in the apical plasma membrane. PBA also increased protein expression of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase. PBA reduced CFTR Cl(-) currents across the apical membrane but had no effect on Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in the basolateral membrane. Thus a high concentration of PBA (5 mM) reduces Cl(-) secretion by inhibiting CFTR Cl(-) currents across the apical membrane. In contrast, lower therapeutic concentrations of PBA (0.05-2 mM) had no effect on cAMP-stimulated Cl(-) secretion across Calu-3 cells. We conclude that PBA concentrations in the therapeutic range are unlikely to have a negative effect on Cl(-) secretion. However, concentrations >5 mM might reduce transepithelial Cl(-) secretion by serous cells in submucosal glands in individuals expressing wt CFTR.
Protocol for community‐created public MS/MS reference spectra within the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking infrastructure (2020)

MSMS-Chooser enables rapid data acquisition, data analysis (selection of MS/MS spectra), and a formatted table for inspection and upload to GNPS. Open file-format data (.mzML or.mzXML) from most mass spectrometry platforms containing MS/MS spectra can be processed using MSMS-Chooser. MSMS-Chooser democratizes the creation of MS/MS reference spectra in GNPS which will improve annotation and strengthen the tools which use the annotation information.
28 GHz-Band Experimental Trial at 283 km/h Using the Shinkansen for 5G Evolution (2020)

To enhance 5G (5G Evolution) further, more stable high bit-rate transmission using high SHF bands including 28 GHz or EHF bands is provided even in high-mobility environments such as in high-speed trains. However, in future 5G use cases in the Shinkansen, a dynamic changes in the beam direction and a greater Doppler frequency shift may cause performance degradation in 28 GHz-band transmission. Thus, we conduct a 28-GHz band 5G experimental trial on an actual Shinkansen that runs at a maximum speed of 283 km/h. This paper introduces the world's first 28 GHz band 5G experimental system used in a 5G experimental trial in the Shinkansen travelling over 200 km/h. We detail the experimental configuration in which three base stations are deployed along the Tokaido Shinkansen railway with a mobile station located in the train. This paper also presents the downlink transmission performance measured in such a high-mobility environment. The experimental trial can achieve throughput exceeding 1.0 Gbps and consecutive handovers among the three BSs.
Multiresolution Recurrent Neural Networks: An Application to Dialogue\n Response Generation (2016)

We introduce the multiresolution recurrent neural network, which extends the\nsequence-to-sequence framework to model natural language generation as two\nparallel discrete stochastic processes: a sequence of high-level coarse tokens,\nand a sequence of natural language tokens. There are many ways to estimate or\nlearn the high-level coarse tokens, but we argue that a simple extraction\nprocedure is sufficient to capture a wealth of high-level discourse semantics.\nSuch procedure allows training the multiresolution recurrent neural network by\nmaximizing the exact joint log-likelihood over both sequences. In contrast to\nthe standard log- likelihood objective w.r.t. natural language tokens (word\nperplexity), optimizing the joint log-likelihood biases the model towards\nmodeling high-level abstractions. We apply the proposed model to the task of\ndialogue response generation in two challenging domains: the Ubuntu technical\nsupport domain, and Twitter conversations. On Ubuntu, the model outperforms\ncompeting approaches by a substantial margin, achieving state-of-the-art\nresults according to both automatic evaluation metrics and a human evaluation\nstudy. On Twitter, the model appears to generate more relevant and on-topic\nresponses according to automatic evaluation metrics. Finally, our experiments\ndemonstrate that the proposed model is more adept at overcoming the sparsity of\nnatural language and is better able to capture long-term structure.\n
CMOS-Compatible Microresonator-Based Optical Frequency Comb (2010)

We generate optical frequency combs spanning 75 THz with a 204-GHz spacing using parametric oscillation in an integrated silicon-nitride microring resonator. The comb spacing is uniform to better than 5.2×10−11 relative to the optical frequency.
Surfactant ohne maschinelle Beatmung – ist das individuelle Versagen dieser Therapie vorhersehbar? (2009)

Die Methode der Surfactantapplikation per Magensonde ohne Intubation bei Frühgeborenen mit Atemnotsyndrom wird zunehmend eingesetzt. Bislang sind kaum Daten zu Therapieversagern (Nonresponder) bekannt.
20Gb/s Silicon Ring Modulator Co-Integrated with a Ge Monitor Photodetector (2013)

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of a 20Gb/s silicon ring modulator with low darkcurrent Ge monitor photodetectors. The wavelength exhibiting optimum modulation performance can be tracked by measuring the photocurrent of monitor photodetectors implemented at the through and drop port of the ring modulator.
Long-distance transmission experiment at 2.5 Gbit/s using an integrated laser/modulator grown by selective-area MOVPE (1994)

Lasers with integrated electroabsorption (EA) modulators are showing a lot of promise as low-chirp sources for long-haul transmission systems at multigigabit-per-second speeds.1,2 There are various structures and growth techniques for making such devices.3·4 Here we demonstrate a multiple-quantum-well (MQW) DBR-LD/EA modulator in a 495-km transmission system operating at 2.5 Gbit/s.