gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wireless multi-hop networks beyond capacity (2013)

Wireless multi-hop local area networks use in general scheduling schemes that assume the network capacity to be known. Indeed in most of the throughput-optimal algorithms the sources are assumed to send at a rate within the capacity region. However, measurements made on real deployments show that the network capacity is usually difficult to characterize and also time-varying. It is therefore important to understand how the network behaves when the sources attempt to transmit at a rate above capacity. Toward this goal, we show 3-phase regime in the effect of the input rate λ on the end-to-end throughput μ of a multi-hop network. First, when λ is smaller than a threshold λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , μ is an increasing function of λ. Second, when λ is larger than another threshold λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> > λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , μ is independent of λ. Third, when λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> <; λ <; λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , μ decreases with λ. To understand this phenomenon, we capture the relation between the end-to-end throughput and the queue stability with a mathematical model that allows us to explain and derive the exact values of the transition points λi. We then validate experimentally our simulation results with measurements on a testbed composed of five wireless routers.
The Total Synthesis of (+)‐Tedanolide. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Standing genetic variation fuels rapid evolution of herbicide resistance in blackgrass (2021)

Abstract Repeated herbicide applications exert enormous selection on blackgrass ( Alopecurus myosuroides ), a major weed in cereal crops of the temperate climate zone including Europe. This inadvertent large-scale experiment gives us the opportunity to look into the underlying genetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes of rapid adaptation, which can occur both through mutations in the direct targets of herbicides and through changes in other, often metabolic, pathways, known as non-target-site resistance. How much either type of adaptation relies on de novo mutations versus pre-existing standing variation is important for developing strategies to manage herbicide resistance. We generated a chromosome-level reference genome for A. myosuroides for population genomic studies of herbicide resistance and genome-wide diversity across Europe in this species. Bulked-segregant analysis evidenced that non-target-site resistance has a complex genetic architecture. Through empirical data and simulations, we showed that, despite its simple genetics, target-site resistance mainly results from standing genetic variation, with only a minor role for de novo mutations.
L’enquête OOPAIP (Ontologie et Outils Pour l’Annotation des Interventions Politiques) (2021)

International audience
Letter to the editor: Importance of universal screening for chronic hepatitis B infection in adults in the United States (2021)

Peer Reviewed
Megistolactone, a New Alkaloid from Sarcomelicope megistophylla (2000)

A new quinolone alkaloid, megistolactone (1) was isolated from the bark of Sarcomelicope megistophylla. Its structure has been elucidated on the basis of MS and NMR data. From a biogenetic point of view, this compound should be considered as an oxidation product of 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-subsituted acridone alkaloids, which are also present in the bark.
Estimating the effective optical aperture of a tapered laser probe in PSTM imaging (1993)

The effective amplitude of the interference pattern produced by sending a laser beam back upon itself in a BK-7 glass prism was measured in the evanescent wave region outside the prism using a tapered fiber tip scanned and retracted piezoelectrically. This effective amplitude was related to the effective aperture size of the fiber by assuming that the finite extent of the fiber averaged the optical signal over a Gaussian distribution. In this way the resolving power of the photon scanning tunnelling microscope was determined operationally. Combining this information with electron microscopic imaging of the fiber tip leads to the conclusion that upon heating and drawing the fiber, its cladding decreases in size more rapidly than the core so that final ratio of core diameter to outer diameter in the tapered fiber is approximately twice the original ratio.
Monolithic integration of a quantum well laser and an optical amplifier using an asymmetric twin-waveguide structure (1998)

We use a novel, asymmetric vertical twin-waveguide structure to demonstrate the monolithic integration of a 1.55μm wavelength InGaAsP/InP multiple quantum well (MQW) laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier. The laser and amplifier share the same strained InGaAsP MQW active layer, grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. The asymmetric twin-waveguide structure uses the difference in modal gains to discriminate between the even and odd modes. An on/off ratio of 18dB at the SOA output is observed, with the amplifier current switched between zero and 3 kA/cm2.
Heidegger on poetry, poets and Hölderlin (2011)

Heidegger uses the term “Poesie” to refer solely to verse or poetry. He also sometimes employs the German word “Dichtung” (from “dichten”, “to write, invent, compose verses”); it can be used to refer to poetry or verse, as well as to the entire field of creative writing, including novels. He normally uses this word in a wider sense, to refer to the act of invention, creation or projection, but he also sometimes uses Dichtung (and dichten) in a narrow sense, to refer purely to poetry or verse.
Liquid-crystalline polymers. 12. Polyesters with either alternating or random orientation of mesogenic units (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-crystalline polymers. 12. Polyesters with either alternating or random orientation of mesogenic unitsC. Ober, Robert W. Lenz, Giancardo Galli, and Emo ChielliniCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 7, 1034–1036Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00241a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00241a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Threshold Rigidity Values for the Asbestos-like Pathogenicity of High-Aspect-Ratio Carbon Nanotubes in a Mouse Pleural Inflammation Model (2018)

The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the physicochemical parameters associated with the pathogenicity of high-aspect-ratio nanomaterials is important for comprehensive regulation efforts and safety-by-design approaches. Here, we report quantitative data on the correlations between the rigidity of these nanomaterials and toxicity endpoints in vitro and in vivo. As measured by new ISO standards published in 2017, rigidity shows a strong positive correlation with inflammogenic potential, as indicated by inflammatory cell counts and IL-1β (a biomarker for frustrated phagocytosis) levels in both the acute and chronic phases. In vitro experiments using differentiated THP-1 cells find that only highly rigid multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and asbestos fibers lead to piercing and frustrated phagocytosis. Thus, this study suggests a bending ratio of 0.97 and a static bending persistence length of 1.08 as threshold rigidity values for asbestos-like pathogenicity. However, additional research using MWCNTs with rigidity values that lie between those of non-inflammogenic ( D<sub>b</sub> = 0.66 and SBPL = 0.87) and inflammogenic fibers ( D<sub>b</sub> = 0.97 and SBPL = 1.09) is required to identify more accurate threshold values, which would be useful for comprehensive regulation and safety-by-design approaches based on MWCNTs.
896-P: Demographic and Glycemic Parameters across Global Regions in Youth with T2D in Clinical Trials of Sitagliptin (2021)

Objectives: To compare baseline characteristics of 10-17 yr old patients (pts) with T2D from different regions in clinical trials of sitagliptin as initial oral therapy (IOT, NCT01485614) or as add-on to metformin therapy (AMT, NCT01472367, NCT01760447).Methods: Demographic and baseline glycemic parameters of pts randomized in the US or Canada (NA), Latin America (LA), Europe or the Middle East (EM), or Asia Pacific (AP) were summarized by region (Table).Results: The proportion of males varied by region. While racial and ethnic distributions were generally reflective of region, the proportion of Whites in NA was higher than in other reports (e.g., ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3038479). AP pts were youngest. Consistent with age, pts in AP were shorter, with lower weight and BMI across trials; however, median BMI percentile was >98% across regions and trial types. Median A1C and FPG ranged from 7.1-7.4% and 118-130.5 mg/dL (IOT) and 7.7-7.9% and 125.5-143.5 mg/dL (AMT). Despite having the lowest FPG, pts in AP (IOT) had the highest A1C.Conclusions: Despite regional differences in race, sex, and anthropometrics, pts were uniformly obese. Baseline glycemic parameters by region were generally comparable, although the younger age (all trials) and lower FPG and higher A1C (IOT) in AP pts may reflect a difference in the pathophysiology of T2D, with greater post-meal rather than fasting dysglycemia.View largeDownload slideView largeDownload slide DisclosureM. Y. Jalaludin: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk, Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk. Y. Zhang: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. Z. Xu: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. L. W. Scherer: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. S. S. Engel: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. K. D. Kaufman: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. R. Shankar: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. A. Deeb: None. P. Zeitler: Consultant; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Merck & Co., Inc. R. Garcia: None. R. S. Newfield: Consultant; Self; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Y. Samoilova: None. C. A. Rosario: None. N. Shehadeh: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk, Speaker’s Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. C. K. Saha: None.FundingMerck & Co., Inc.
Type-hover-swipe in 96 bytes (2014)

We present a new type of augmented mechanical keyboard, capable of sensing rich and expressive motion gestures performed both on and directly above the device. Our hardware comprises of low-resolution matrix of infrared (IR) proximity sensors interspersed between the keys of a regular mechanical keyboard. This results in coarse but high frame-rate motion data. We extend a machine learning algorithm, traditionally used for static classification only, to robustly support dynamic, temporal gestures. We propose the use of motion signatures a technique that utilizes pairs of motion history images and a random forest based classifier to robustly recognize a large set of motion gestures on and directly above the keyboard. Our technique achieves a mean per-frame classification accuracy of 75.6% in leave-one-subject-out and 89.9% in half-test/half-training cross-validation. We detail our hardware and gesture recognition algorithm, provide performance and accuracy numbers, and demonstrate a large set of gestures designed to be performed with our device. We conclude with qualitative feedback from users, discussion of limitations and areas for future work.
Anomalous Properties of the Vanadium Oxides (1971)

▪ Abstract The phase-field method has recently emerged as a powerful computational approach to modeling and predicting mesoscale morphological and microstructure evolution in materials. It describes a microstructure using a set of conserved and ...Read More
Sensitisation of the Near‐Infrared Emission of NdIII from the Singlet State of Porphyrins Bearing Four 8‐Hydroxyquinolinylamide Chelates (2012)

The α(4) atropoisomer of a tetraaryl porphyrin and its Pd(II) complex, both bearing four hydroxyquinolinyl chelating units pre-organised on the same face of the porphyrin backbone, bind a Nd(III) centre thus affording either a mononuclear or a heterobinuclear anionic species, respectively. The near-infrared emission of the lanthanide centred at 1064 nm is observed upon excitation of the Soret band at 425 nm. Sensitisation proceeds mainly from the singlet state of the porphyrin.
ChemInform Abstract: Selectivity Control by Axial Ligand Modification in Manganese Porphyrin Catalyzed Oxidations. (1989)

Abstract The addition of the tin Lewis acids Ph 3 Sn‐O‐CO‐C7F15 and Ph 3 Sn‐O‐SO2‐C6F13 in hydrocarbon oxidation reactions using iodosylbenzene and the Mn porphyrin complex (Ia) increases the reactivity and reduces the radical character by converting (Ia) into (Ib) and (Ic).
Location-Dependent Empirical Thresholds for Quantitative Trait Mapping (2012)

The Churchill-Doerge approach toward constructing empirical thresholds has received widespread use in the genetic mapping literature through the past 16 years. The method is valued for both its simplicity and its ability to preserve the genome-wide error rate at a prespecified level. However, the Churchill-Doerge method is not designed to maintain the local (comparison-wise) error rate at a constant level except in situations that are unlikely to occur in practice. In this article, we introduce the objective of preserving the local error rate at a constant level in the context of mapping quantitative trait loci in linkage populations. We derive a method that preserves the local error rate at a constant level, provide an application via simulation on a Hordeum vulgare population, and demonstrate evidence of the relationship between recombination and location bias. Furthermore, we indicate that this method is equivalent to the Churchill-Doerge method when several assumptions are satisfied.
Cell types of origin of the cell-free transcriptome (2022)

Cell-free RNA from liquid biopsies can be analyzed to determine disease tissue of origin. We extend this concept to identify cell types of origin using the Tabula Sapiens transcriptomic cell atlas as well as individual tissue transcriptomic cell atlases in combination with the Human Protein Atlas RNA consensus dataset. We define cell type signature scores, which allow the inference of cell types that contribute to cell-free RNA for a variety of diseases.
MULTISIB: A Procedure to Investigate DIF When a Test is Intentionally Two-Dimensional (1997)

MULTISIB is proposed as a statistical test for assessing differential item functioning (DIF) of intentionally two-dimensional test data, such as a mathematics test designed to measure algebra and geometry. MULTISIB is based on the multidimensional model of DIF as presented in Shealy &amp; Stout (1993), and is a direct extension of SIBTEST, its unidimensional counterpart. For an intentionally two-dimensional test, DIF is appropriately modeled to result from secondary dimensional influence from other than the two intended dimensions. Simulation studies were used to assess the performance of MULTISIB to detect DIF in intentionally two-dimensional tests. These results indicate that MULTISIB exhibited reasonably good adherence to the nominal level of significance and good power. Moreover, for each DIF model the average amount of DIF estimated over the 100 simulations of the model by MULTISIB was close to the true value, confirming its relative lack of statistical estimation bias in assessing true DIF. In addition, the simulation studies supported the importance of using the regression correction to adjust the scores on the studied item due to impact and the importance of matching examinees on two subtest scores instead of the total test score.
SRS-22r Self-Image After Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis at 10-year Follow-up (2023)

Ten years after surgery, 75% of patients reported similar or better SRS-Self Image scores than one year after surgery. Nearly 25% of patients reported worsening self-image at 10 years. Patients who worsened had lower baseline SRS-Self Image scores, without radiographic or mental health differences at baseline or follow-up.
Development of device to study evaporation behavior of micro-droplets at high temperatures. (2022)

Leidenfrost phenomenon is one of the unique behaviors of droplets. In Leidenfrost phenomenon, liquid closing to a surface that is significantly hotter than the liquid's boiling point, produces an insulating vapor layer that keeps the liquid from boiling rapidly. This non-contact state between the droplet and the hot surface leads to the decrease in heat transfer and the increase in evaporation time. This phenomenon occurs for the micro-order droplets. For example, it is influence the combustion efficiency of the engine in which fuel sprayed. For another example, the mist CVD, which is one of the functional thin film fabrication methods, also makes a good use of the Leidenfrost phenomenon to make high quality thin films. This has been indirectly proven by the previous experiments, but there was no direct observation, which needs to be verified. In recent years, the evaporation behavior of microdroplets is also involved in the removal of bacteria from the air due to the spread of infectious diseases. In this study, we developed an observation device for checking the evaporation behavior of micro droplets and a program for measuring the droplet diameter, analyzed the evaporation behavior of droplets by optical observation. The experimental results shown that the range of observation conditions was improved and the accuracy of droplet measurement was enhanced. In the future, we will continue to enhance the accuracy of machine and study the observation methods to further improve the measurement accuracy.
Extrapleural pneumonectomy followed by IMRT: Results of a phase I/II study (2005)

7178 Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) usually recurs locally despite conventional radiotherapy after extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP). We hypothesized that the highly conformal nature of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) might improve outcomes compared with standard therapy. Methods: 32 patients entered a phase I/II study of EPP followed by IMRT. Minimum dose was 45 Gy in 12 patients and 50 Gy in 20 patients. The AJCC stage distribution was 2 Stage I, 1 Stage II, 26 Stage III, and 3 Stage IV. All patients had resectable tumors confined to one hemithorax. No patients received chemotherapy before recurrence. Results: Despite the large irregular CTV (some over 8 liters), an average of 97% of the CTV was covered to the target dose (range 92–100%). Major side effects were nausea/vomiting (80%), fatigue (24% grade 3) and dyspnea (17% developed grade 3). Esophagitis was mild (34% grade1/2). There was no difference in toxicity between the 45 and 50 Gy arms. One patient developed fatal radiation pneumonitis soon after radiotherapy. With a median follow-up of 13 months, only one patient failed in-field and one patient failed adjacently (both at 50Gy). 16 patients failed systemically including the contralateral lung (8 pts) and peritoneal cavity (4 patients) with a median time to recurrence of 7 months. Cause of death was mesothelioma in 14 patients. 7 patients died of other causes including infectious pneumonia (2 pts), pulmonary embolus (2 pts), pneumonitis (1 pt) and unknown causes (2 pts). Median overall survival was 15 months. 3-year survival for the 12 patients without nodal metastases was 30%. Conclusions: In this small series there was no evidence for a dose-response for toxicity or local control. Excellent local control can be obtained with EPP followed by IMRT however systemic failure remains problematic. Patients without nodal metastases also do quite well, even with advanced T stage. It may be appropriate to combine novel agents prior to EPP to improve systemic control. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Loss of syndecan‐1 is associated with malignant conversion in skin carcinogenesis (2010)

Syndecan-1 (sdc-1) is a cell surface proteoglycan that mediates the interaction of cells with their matrix, influencing attachment, migration, and response to growth factors. In keratinocytes, loss of sdc-1 delays wound healing, reduces migration, and increases Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) 1 expression. In this study we show that sdc-1 expression is significantly reduced in basal cell, squamous cell, and metastatic human skin cancers compared to normal human skin. In experimental mouse skin tumor induction, compared to wildtype (wt) BALB/c mice, papilloma formation in sdc-1 null mice was reduced by 50% and the percent of papillomas converting to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was enhanced. sdc-1 expression on wt mouse papillomas decreased as they converted to SCC. Furthermore, papillomas forming on sdc-1 null mice expressed suprabasal alpha3 and beta4 integrins; suprabasal beta4 integrin is a marker of a high risk for progression. While the proliferative response to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA) did not differ among the genotypes, sdc-1 null mice had an enhanced inflammatory response and retained higher levels of total TGFbeta1 within their skin after TPA treatment. sdc-1 null keratinocytes, transduced in vitro by oncogenic ras(Ha), expressed higher levels of beta4 integrin and had enhanced pSmad2 signaling and reduced senescence when compared to wt ras(Ha)-transduced keratinocytes. When ras(Ha)-transduced cells of both genotypes were grafted onto nude mice, null tumors converted to SCC with higher frequency confirming the skin painting experiments. These data indicate that sdc-1 is important both early in the development of skin tumors and in progression of skin cancers suggesting that reduced expression of sdc-1 could be a useful marker for progression in neoplastic skin lesions.