gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mitoxantrone and Melphalan Conditioning Regimen for Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in Adults with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. (2005)

Abstract High dose mitoxantrone and melphalan (Mito/Mel) has been reported as an effective and well tolerated conditioning regimen for autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) in patients with lymphoma. We review our experience with Mito/Mel as a conditioning regimen in 18 adults with intermediate or high risk acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who underwent APBSCT. Median age at time of APBSCT was 51 years (range 19–70). Sixteen patients were transplanted in first complete remission (CR); two in second CR. All patients received mitoxantrone 60mg/m2 IV on day −4 and melphalan 180mg/m2 IV on day −1 followed by infusion of autologous peripheral blood stem cells on day 0. The 100 day survival was 94%. One patient died in CR of suspected pulmonary embolism 3 months post transplant. With a median follow-up of 24 months, 10 patients are alive. The median disease free and overall survival is 40 months and 47 months, respectively. All 18 patients received anthracycline based induction therapy prior to APBSCT. Cardiac toxicity was monitored by echocardiogram. A significant decline in left ventricular function developed in only one patient who had underlying diabetes and hypertension. We conclude that high dose mitoxantrone and melphalan is an easily administered conditioning regimen with a low risk of significant cardiac toxicity despite prior treatment with anthracycline based chemotherapy. This regimen when used for APBSCT in adults with AML results in favorable disease free and overall survival.
Promotion of Proapoptotic Signals by Lysosomal Photodamage: Mechanistic Aspects and Influence of Autophagy (2016)

Prior studies demonstrated that a low level (LD10-15 ) of lysosomal photodamage can sensitize cells to the apoptotic death that results from subsequent mitochondrial photodamage. We have proposed that this process occurs via a calpain-catalyzed cleavage of the autophagy-associated protein ATG5 to form a proapoptotic fragment. In this report, we provide evidence for the postulated ATG5 cleavage and show that the sequential photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol can also partly overcome the adverse effect of hypoxia on the initiation of apoptosis. While autophagy can offer cytoprotection after mitochondrial photodamage, this does not appear to apply when lysosomes are the target. This may account for the ability of very low PDT doses directed at lysosomes to evoke ATG5 cleavage. The resulting proapoptotic effect overcomes intrinsic cytoprotection from mitochondrial photodamage along with a further stimulation of phototoxicity.
The Use of Optical Coherence Tomography for the Detection of Early Diabetic Retinopathy (2018)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss globally with a severe burden on all societies due to its high treatment and rehabilitation costs. The early diagnosis of DR may provide preventive steps (including retinal laser therapy and tight carbohydrate, blood pressure, and cholesterol control) that could in turn help to avoid progression of the pathology with the resultant vision loss. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables the in vivo structural imaging of the retina, providing both qualitative (structure) and quantitative (thickness) information. In the past decades, extensive OCT research has been done in the field of DR. In the present review, we are focusing on those that were aiming at detection of the earliest retinal changes before DR could be diagnosed funduscopically. The latest, widely available technology of spectral-domain (SD-)OCT comes with a fast and reliable retinal imaging, which, together with the most recent developments in image processing and artificial intelligence, holds the promise of developing a quick and efficient, state-of-the-art screening tool for DR.
Impact of isoflurane anesthesia on D2 receptor occupancy by [18F]fallypride measured by microPET with a modified Logan plot (2011)

The results of this study demonstrate that isoflurane anesthesia significantly decreases striatal [(18) F]fallypride BP(ND) in rats. Of similar importance, this work demonstrates the effectiveness of delayed scans following radiotracer injection and the implication that different types of studies can be conducted simultaneously with this method, including studies of behavioral and environmental impact on brain receptors.
Microwave characterization of nanostructured ferroelectric Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (2008)

A series of nanostructured ferroelectric thin films of barium strontium titanate were fabricated using a pulsed laser deposition system with real-time in situ process control. Pulsed laser deposition parameters were controlled during the growth of nanostructured thin films for use in the development of high frequency tunable microwave devices. The thin films were all grown at the same substrate temperature and laser beam energy density, but the chamber oxygen partial pressure (COPP) was varied systematically from 19 mTorr through 1000 Torr. Structural and electromagnetic characterization was performed using atomic force microscopy and evanescent microwave microscopy, respectively. Atomic force microscopy showed a linear increase in grain size with increases in the ambient oxygen pressure from 38 to 150 mTorr and from 300 mTorr to 1000 Torr. The correlation of the microwave properties with the epitaxial film microstructure can be attributed to stresses and polarizability in the film. Microwave characterization showed that a COPP of 75 mTorr yielded the most desirable film in terms of tunability and loss tangent over a wide frequency range.
The Influence of Permeable Mineral Lenses on Peatland Hydrology (2011)

Cross-sectional computer models were created that incorporated different high permeability zones to explore the potential role of eskers and similar geologic units associated with peatlands on the hydrology of these systems. These computer simulations indicate that small isolated lenses of high permeability material will locally distort the flow field, shifting flow patterns and creating new discharge and/ or recharge zones. The simulation with the greatest hydraulic connectivity between the peat dome and peatland lagg displays widespread and continuous-with-depth downward flow beneath the bog dome, consistent with field observations. These simulations were compared with field data collected from a Maine (USA) peatland, and they suggest an esker identified within this peatland distorts the hydraulic gradients and resulting flow patterns within the peat. Similar subsurface features may be important in other peatland systems.
Investigations on an Isolated Lateral High-Voltage n-channel LDMOS Transistor with a Typical Breakdown of 150V (2006)

This work describes a concept of an isolated high-voltage (HV) n-channel LDMOS transistor, which can be used as a high-side switch instead of a HV PMOS transistor. HV n-channel LDMOSFETs for 120V applications (blocking voltage over 150V) were used in the study. The devices were fabricated in a 0.35 mum CMOS-based HV technology. Hot carrier stress experiments (under gate voltage VGS = 10V and drain voltage VD = 120V) were performed for device reliability evaluations. The devices with non-uniformly optimized n-well show an excellent trade-off between blocking voltage (BV) and on-resistance while keeping hot carrier induced degradation low
Clinical and MRI Outcomes 10 Years After Repair of Massive Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears (2018)

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Development of Low Self-Discharge Ni-MH Battery Using New Superlattice Hydrogen Absorbing Alloy (2009)

Abstract not Available.
MIT virtual source GaNFET-RF compact model for GaN HEMTs: From device physics to RF frontend circuit design and validation (2014)

A physics-based compact transport and charge model for RF-GaN HEMTs has been developed, including device self-heating, non-linear access region behavior, noise, etc. The model is validated against measurements from device-level DC up to circuit-level. The model is implemented in Verilog-A that is a suitable base for circuit simulations.
Electrocardiographic abnormalities and associated factors in Chinese living in Beijing and in Mauritius. The Mauritius Non-Communicable Disease Study Group. (1992)

The prevalence of coronary heart disease and associated risk factors was different among Chinese living in two different environments: in Beijing in the People's Republic of China and in Mauritius. Chinese, who traditionally have a very low frequency of coronary heart disease, are by no means protected against coronary heart disease and other non-communicable diseases. Therefore, primary prevention of coronary heart disease is a major challenge for preventive medicine in China, as well as in many other developing countries.
Nanophotonic Inverse Design Using Artificial Neural Network (2017)

We propose a neural network approach to inverse design nanophotonic objects. Using a fully connected artificial neural network, the method finds the geometry of a spherical nanoparticle that match a desired scattering spectrum - either at a single wavelength, or at a broad-band.
Multi-Objective optimization entailing computer architecture and thermal design for non-uniformly powered microprocessors (2008)

Microprocessors continue to grow in capabilities, complexity and performance. Microprocessors typically integrate functional components such as logic and level two (L2) cache memory in their architecture. This functional integration of logic and memory results in improved performance of the microprocessor. However, the integration also introduces a layer of complexity in the thermal design and management of microprocessors. As a direct result of functional integration, the power map on a microprocessor is highly non-uniform and the assumption of a uniform heat flux across the chip surface has been shown to be invalid post Pentium II architecture. The active side of the die is divided into several functional blocks with distinct power assigned to each functional block. A lot of work has been done addressing this issue with a need of thermally aware computer architecture with a concurrent design approach based on thermal and device clock performance. Previous work has been done to minimize the thermal resistance of the package by optimizing the distribution of the non-uniformly powered functional blocks with different power matrices. The study also provided design guidelines to minimize thermal resistance for any number of functional blocks for a given non-uniformly powered microprocessor. This analysis, however, had no constraints placed on the redistribution of functional blocks regarding the maximum separation of any 2 (or more) functional blocks to satisfy electrical timing and compute performance requirements. In this study, numerical model is developed that utilizes multi-objective optimization consists of redistribution of functional blocks to both improve device performance and thermal performance. Previously developed design guideline for thermal optimization is used as a base line case. This baseline case is embedded into computer architecture (floor plan) to develope a compact model satisfying both electrical and thermal performance. Constraints for the electrical optimization are regarding the maximum separation of any 2 (or more) functional blocks. Once positioning of the functional blocks is carried out, thermal optimization of these non- uniformly powered functional blocks is carried out to minimize thermal resistance. This process is repeated until you get both improve device performance and thermal performance for the non-uniformly powered microprocessor. Finally recommendations are provided for an architecture design regarding maximum separation of functional block with minimum thermal resistance.
Magnetic Helicoidal Dichroism with XUV Light Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (2022)

We report magnetic helicoidal dichroism (MHD) in the interaction between XUV beams carrying orbital angular momentum and magnetic vortices. The results match theoretical predictions and confirm the potential of MHD for studying laser-triggered ultrafast dynamics in complex magnetic materials.
Systemic estradiol levels with low-dose vaginal estrogens (2019)

Serum estradiol concentrations were generally lower when measured with more specific and sensitive assays. Estradiol absorption was dose-dependent, and may be influenced by dose, formulation, and positioning in the vagina. Very low systemic estradiol absorption with low/ultralow-dose vaginal estrogens may potentially decrease any adverse events that may be associated with higher doses of vaginal estrogens used for treating moderate to severe VVA due to less estradiol exposure.
Nonpolarizing color mirrors on a high-reflecting metal base (2014)

Optically variable devices made from optical-interference coatings create chromatic color mirrors that have minimal polarization differences with increasing incidence angle. These metal-dielectric-metal designs produce narrowband, high reflectance in the visible wavelength region. Broader-band reflectance regions, similar to those created by multilayer dielectric stacks, can be replicated on a high-reflecting metal base such as aluminum, maintaining the same nonpolarizing effects of the narrowband designs. These designs are intended for reflective systems used for display where reduced angle sensitivity is paramount. However, these designs can also be adapted for large angular-dependent color shift, such as in effect pigments. Design examples and layer material suggestions are given depending on the application requirements.
Miniaturized real-time monitor for fuel cell leak applications (2011)

The intrinsically safe detection of hydrogen leaks in fuel cell vehicles (FCV) is critical for ensuring system operational safety. An early indication of a leak will not only trigger an alarm in unsafe situations, but will also dramatically reduce the risk and cost associated with fuel cell malfunction. This paper discusses the development of hydrogen leak detection technology that is suitable for onboard, real-time, and intrinsically safe monitoring of fuel cells. This technique offers FCV onboard sensing requirements with a sensitivity of 0.05% (500 ppm) in air, a response time of 3-5 seconds, operation at 5-90%RH and 0-55&deg;C, and power consumption &le;0.5 watts.
TEM Characterization of Single Crystal Silicon Film on Glass Substrate (2005)

Extract HTML view is not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 31--August 4, 2005
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Intercalation of Zerovalent Metals into 2D Layered Bi2Se3 Nanoribbons. (2013)

Abstract Zerovalent metal atoms (such as Cu, Ag, Sn, Au, In, Co, Fe, Ni) are intercalated into two‐dimensional layered Bi 2 Se 3 nanoribbons using disproportionation redox reactions or carbonyl decomposition to generate dilute zerovalent metal atoms in a refluxing solution.
Learning Based Capacitor Voltage Ripple Reduction of Modular Multilevel Converters under Unbalanced Grid Conditions with Different Power Factors (2020)

A fast and non-parameter-dependent grid-current-control method to ride through dangerous unbalanced gird condition is proposed in this paper. The grid-current references are calculated from an artificial intelligence (AI) surrogate model in order to keep the capacitor voltage at a safe level under a two phases short circuit to ground condition. And also, the circulating current reference are determined when the power factor is different when the grid fault is not serious. This machine learning network represents the relation between grid-current references and submodule capacitor voltages. The results show that this method prevents capacitor-overvoltage trips under completely short-circuited grid.
Electronic band-edge structure, effective masses, and optical absorption of Si1-xGe x using an extended FPLAPW/VCA/LDA+U computational method (2006)

Electronic band-edge structure and optical properties of Si1-xGe x are investigated theoretically emloying a full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method. The exchange-correlation potential in the local density approximation (LDA) is corrected by an on-site Coulomb potential (i.e., within the LDA+U SIC approach) acting asymmetrically on the atomic-like orbitals in the muffin-tin spheres. The electronic structure of the Si1-xGe x is calculated self-consistently, assuming a Td symmetrized Hamiltonian and a linear behavior of the valence-band eigenfunctions for Si, SiGe, and Ge with respect to Ge composition x, assuming randomly alloyed crystal structure. i.e., a "virtual-crystal like" approximation (VCA). We show that this approach yields accurate band-gap energies, effective masses, dielectric function, and optical properties of Si1-xGe x. We perform absorption measurements showing the band-gap energy for x < 0.25.
Evaluation of Formalin Fixation for Tissue Biopsies Using Shear Wave Laser Speckle Imaging System (2019)

Chemical fixation is the slowest and often the most uncontrolled step in the multi-step process of preparing tissue for histopathology. In order to reduce the time from taking a core needle biopsy to making a diagnosis, a new approach is proposed that optically monitors the common formalin fixation process. A low-cost and highly-sensitive laser speckle imaging technique is developed to measure shear wave velocity in a biospecimen as small as 0.5 mm in thickness submerged in millifluidic channels. Shear wave velocity, which is the indicator of tissue mechanical property and induced by piezoelectric-actuation, was monitored using gelatin phantom and chicken breast during fixation, as well as post-fixed liver and colon tissues from human. Fixation levels in terms of shear wave velocity increased by approximately 271.0% and 130.8% in gelatin phantom and chicken breast, respectively, before reaching the plateaus at 10.91 m/s and 7.88 m/s. Within these small specimens, the plateaus levels and times varied with location of measurement, and between gelatin and chicken breast. This optical-based approach demonstrates the feasibility of fine-tuning preanalytical variables, such as fixation time, for a rapid and accurate histopathological evaluation; provides a quality metric during the tissue preparation protocol performed in most pathology labs; and introduces the millifluidic chamber that can be engineered to be a future disposable device that automates biopsy processing and imaging.
The central role of thrombin in bleeding disorders (2019)

Maintaining normal hemostasis relies on a regulated system of procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways, and disruption of these processes leads to the loss of hemostatic control, with the potential for excessive bleeding or thrombosis. Evaluation of bleeding disorders has conventionally been achieved by laboratory assays that measure the activity of individual coagulation factors. While such assays have proven effective for detecting abnormalities of the coagulation system and aiding diagnosis, inherent limitations prevent them from capturing a complete picture of hemostatic function. An improved understanding of thrombin activity and its central role in hemostasis and bleeding disorders has led to the clinical development of global assays that are more physiologically relevant than traditional assays; furthermore, these global assays are able to monitor responses to therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of thrombin in hemostasis, and describe the clinical benefits of thrombin monitoring in patients with bleeding disorders. Moreover, we discuss recent advances in thrombin-targeting therapeutic strategies that aim to correct thrombin deficiency and prevent bleeding in patients with hemophilia and other rare bleeding disorders.
Immunomodulation and infection: identification of small molecule TLR3 blockers to combat deleterious inflammation in pneumonia (2014)

Introduction: During the course of systemic inflammation, most of the immune cell types get activated to a certain degree as part of, or contributing to, the cascade of physiopathological events. Whether for some cells, classically phagocytes of the innate immune system, it is clear that direct sensing of pathogen-associated molecular patterns leads to activation initiating systemic inflammation, the picture is not so clear for natural killer (NK) cells. While NK cells have been shown to express toll-like receptors (TLR), the role of these receptors on NKs during systemic inflammation has not been directly addressed. Methods: To directly assess the role of TLR expression on NK cells we used an adoptive transfer model in which NKs purified from the spleens of WT, TLR4KO and TLR2/4DKO mice were transferred intravenously to RAG2 -/-c -/-(devoid of T, B and NK cells). Five days after reconstitution the mice were challenged intraperitoneally with conventional or TLR-grade lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immune cell activation and production of IFN by NK cells was determined after 6 hours by FACS analysis. Results: We observed no differences in reconstitution of the recipient mice with NK cells from different backgrounds suggesting no difference in trafficking and survival of the transferred cells. At 6 hours after LPS challenge, WT, TLR4KO or TLR2/4DKO NK cells recovered from the spleen and lungs of RAG2 -/-c -/-mice showed comparable levels of CD69 activation marker expression. Intracellular labeling for IFN in NK cells also revealed no significant differences. Conclusion: Whether there is a role for direct TLR signaling on NK cells remains the objective of further investigations; however, our data show that in the course of a systemic inflammatory process, like endotoxinemia, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 by NK cells makes no difference in terms of their activation and secretion of IFN P2 Role of 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour lactate clearance in mortality of severe sepsis and septic shock patients.
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Hybrid Compounds To Treat Sickle Cell Disease Symptoms (2011)

A novel series of thalidomide derivatives (4a-f) designed by molecular hybridization were synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their potential use in the oral treatment of sickle cell disease symptoms. Compounds 4a-f demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and NO-donor properties. Compounds 4c and 4d were considered promising candidate drugs and were further evaluated in transgenic sickle cell mice to determine their capacity to reduce the levels of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Unlike hydroxyurea, the compounds reduced the concentrations of TNFα to levels similar to those induced with the control dexamethasone (300 μmol/kg). These compounds are novel lead drug candidates with multiple beneficial actions in the treatment of sickle cell disease symptoms and offer an alternative to hydroxyurea treatment.