gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiopoietin-1 decreases plasma leakage by reducing number and size of endothelial gaps in venules (2005)

Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is essential for remodeling of the primitive vascular plexus and recruitment of mural cells during embryonic development. In the adult vasculature, Ang-1 can reduce plasma leakage in inflammation, but the mechanism of this action is not well understood. In the present study, we determined the magnitude and cellular mechanism of the antileak effect of Ang-1 in the airways of mice. Intravenous injection of bradykinin resulted in leakage of fluorescent microspheres (diameter 25-1,000 nm) from tracheal venules. The leakage peaked in 3-4 min and resolved by 10 min. High-resolution confocal microscopy revealed the presence of focal gaps at intercellular junctions of leaky venules. Genetically engineered Ang-1*, delivered systemically by adenoviral transduction of the liver, reduced leakage of 500-nm microspheres after bradykinin by 69%. The reduction in leakage coincided with a decrease in number and size of endothelial gaps. The proportion of venular surface occupied by endothelial gaps decreased 61%. Microsphere leakage correlated strongly with gap number and size (r2 = 0.89). Together the results suggest that Ang-1 reduces leakage from inflamed venules by restricting the number and size of gaps that form at endothelial cell junctions through effects on intracellular signaling, cytoskeleton, and junction-related molecules.
Robust speech localization using formant phase subtraction (2000)

This paper examines the benefits of a context aware time difference of an arrival-based speech localization system. This approach uses information about the formant structure of the speaker in order to compute a more robust time difference of arrival between two microphones. This ability allows microphone arrays to localize speech in environments with signal-to-noise ratios as low as −10 dB, when the noise source is another speaker, and −4 dB, when the noise source is white Gaussian.
Green tea epigallocatechin gallate enhances cardiac function restoration through survival signaling expression in diabetes mellitus rats with autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cells (2017)

The present study tests a hypothesis that cardioprotective effects mediated by autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in rats afflicted with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be synergistically enhanced by oral treatment with green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Wistar rats were divided into sham, DM, DM+ADSC (autologous transplanted 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells per rat), and DM+ADSC+E (E, green tea oral administration EGCG). Heart tissues were isolated from all rats, and investigations were performed after 2-mo treatment. In the sham, DM, and DM+ADSC groups, we found that DM induced cardiac dysfunction (sham and DM) and autologous ADSC transplantation could partially recover cardiac functions (DM and DM+ADSC) in DM rats. Compared with DM+ADSC, significant improvement in cardiac functions can be observed in DM+ADSC+E in echocardiographic data, histological observations, and even cellular protein expression. Oral green tea EGCG administration and autologous ADSC transplantation show synergistically beneficial effects on diabetic cardiac myopathy in DM rats.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Cardiomyopathy can be induced in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Heart function can be restored in DM rats with adipose-derived stem cell treatment. Oral epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) administration synergistically enhances cardiac function in DM rats with stem cell treatment. The EGCG and stem cell treatment cross-effect occurs via survival protein expression.
<title>Multianalyte determination with a direct optical miltiantibody detection system</title> (1995)

Discrimination of structurally similar analytes by immunoassay is limited by antibody cross reactivity. Using a plurality of cross-reacting antibody species allows increased selectivity by application of pattern recognition methods. We present a detailed characterization of an array of monoclonal antibodies which allows analytical modeling of the performance of an antibody array in a multi-analyte system. Such well defined antibody arrays give the possibility for the systematical optimization for immunoassay applications. Affinity characterization is carried out in a simple test format: After equilibrium binding of antibody and analyte, unoccupied antibody is quantified by an optical transducer. The test result reflects directly the respective affinity constants for different analytes. A set of three monoclonal antibodies was characterized with respect to their affinity to five different s-triazines which play an important role in water contamination. The affinities were compared with results obtained by direct enzyme immunoassay. The analytical performance of the antibody array was modeled by using the affinity constants determined from the calibration curve.
Coordinate control of axon defasciculation and myelination by laminin-2 and -8 (2005)

Schwann cells form basal laminae (BLs) containing laminin-2 (Ln-2; heterotrimer alpha2beta1gamma1) and Ln-8 (alpha4beta1gamma1). Loss of Ln-2 in humans and mice carrying alpha2-chain mutations prevents developing Schwann cells from fully defasciculating axons, resulting in partial amyelination. The principal pathogenic mechanism is thought to derive from structural defects in Schwann cell BLs, which Ln-2 scaffolds. However, we found loss of Ln-8 caused partial amyelination in mice without affecting BL structure or Ln-2 levels. Combined Ln-2/Ln-8 deficiency caused nearly complete amyelination, revealing Ln-2 and -8 together have a dominant role in defasciculation, and that Ln-8 promotes myelination without BLs. Transgenic Ln-10 (alpha5beta1gamma1) expression also promoted myelination without BL formation. Rather than BL structure, we found Ln-2 and -8 were specifically required for the increased perinatal Schwann cell proliferation that attends myelination. Purified Ln-2 and -8 directly enhanced in vitro Schwann cell proliferation in collaboration with autocrine factors, suggesting Lns control the onset of myelination by modulating responses to mitogens in vivo.
Purification of a set of cellular polypeptides that bind to the purine-rich cis-regulatory element of herpes simplex virus immediate early genes. (1989)

Expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) immediate early (IE) genes is activated by a polypeptide component of the mature virion termed viral protein 16 (VP16). Stimulation of IE expression by VP16 operates via two cis-regulatory sequences: TAATGARAT, and the purine-rich hexanucleotide sequence GCGGAA. VP16 does not bind directly to either of the IE cis-regulatory sequences. Rather, these elements appear to represent binding sites for host cell proteins. Herein, we report the purification of a host cell factor that binds to the GCGGAA motif. We show further that this factor is capable of binding in vitro to an oligomerized form of the hexanucleotide sequence GAAACG, which is common to a variety of virus- and interferon-inducible genes. The GAAACG repeats of interferon- and virus-inducible genes, and the GA-rich repeats of HSV1 IE genes confer similar functional properties when appended to the promoter of a heterologous gene. These observations raise the possibility that HSV1 may activate its IE genes in a manner that exploits one of the components used by mammalian cells to combat virus infection.
The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis (2017)

Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease of humans/animals caused by <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>. Distinction between the two species is based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Recently, it was proposed that <i>C. neoformans</i> be divided into two species and <i>C. gattii</i> into five species based on a phylogenetic analysis of 115 isolates. While this proposal adds to the knowledge about the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptococcosis agents, the published genotypes of 2,606 strains have already revealed more genetic diversity than is encompassed by seven species. Naming every clade as a separate species at this juncture will lead to continuing nomenclatural instability. In the absence of biological differences between clades and no consensus about how DNA sequence alone can delineate a species, we recommend using "<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> species complex" and "<i>C. gattii</i> species complex" as a practical intermediate step, rather than creating more species. This strategy recognizes genetic diversity without creating confusion.
Quanto sono compatibili i farmaci con l'attività atletica (2010)

La concessione dell’idoneità sportiva agonistica, obbligatoria per la legislazione italiana, che riguarda classi di età, dalla pediatrica all’anziana (master), coinvolge milioni di atleti in molti dei quali è possibile durante la carriera sportiva l’assunzione di farmaci prescritti a scopo terapeutico od autogestiti (farmaci illeciti della lista della World Anti-Doping Agency annualmente aggiornata). Tali farmaci possono interferire con l’iperstimolazione adrenergica dell’attività atletica, avere conseguenze sfavorevoli cardiovascolari, aritmiche, miocardiche, coronariche, tensive arteriose, da deficit di circolo e possono incidere sulla performance atletica. La possibilità di effetti cardiovascolari indesiderati è maggiore nelle non infrequenti co-assunzioni di farmaci soprattutto se ad analogo destino metabolico (ad es. citocromiale epatico P450) con effetti inibitori od induttori e conseguenti livelli plasmatici alterati. Sono possibili conseguenze cliniche imprevedibili, quali ad esempio slatentizzazione di potenzialità torsadogeniche fino alla non infrequente sindrome del QT lungo acquisito. È perciò necessario per ogni farmaco assunto, soprattutto se in associazione, da parte dell’atleta competitivo conoscerne almeno a larghe linee le proprietà farmacocinetiche, il meccanismo d’azione, gli effetti interferenziali con l’attività agonistica e farmacologica in generale, valorizzando possibili marker clinici, elettrocardiografici, di laboratorio, di sospetta azione tossica che comporti l’interruzione della terapia e provvedimenti decisionali.
Methods for Studying Neisseria meningitidisBiofilms (2011)

Neisseria meningitidisis an organism whose environmental niche is limited to the human host. It can frequently colonize the human nasopharynx and has the ability to cause severe systemic infections. These infections can be sporadic, endemic or occur in outbreaks associated with more virulent meningococcal strains. Studies have demonstrated that the meningococcus can form biofilms both in vivo and ex vivo. In this chapter, we discuss methods to establish biofilms in the laboratory for in-depth biochemical, genetic, or microscopic studies.
Sintering Copper Die-Bonding Paste Curable Under PressurelessConditions (2017)

We have developed a sintering copper die-bonding paste curable at a temperature of over 225 deg C in a H2 atmosphere under pressureless conditions. The die-shear adhesive strengths observed for Cu, Ni, Au, Ag, and Pd adherends were greater than 40 MPa. The thermal conductivity of the sintered copper die-bonding layer was 180 W/m K, allowing rapid heat release. Scanning acoustic tomography (SAT) images did not indicate significant changes when the material was subjected to 1500 cycles of the thermal cycle test (TCT) at a temperature range between -40 and 200 deg C. The sintered copper die-bonding has a thermal cycle reliability comparable to or better than sintered silver die-bonding or high-lead solder. This sintering copper die-bonding paste could be an ideal die-bonding material that is simultaneously fulfilled high thermal conductivity, high bonding reliability, reasonable cost, and applicability to mass production.
Microwave conductance of aligned multiwall carbon nanotube textile sheets (2014)

Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) sheets are a class of nanomaterial-based multifunctional textile with potentially useful microwave properties. To understand better the microwave electrodynamics, complex AC conductance measurements from 0.01 to 50 GHz were made on sheets of highly aligned MWNTs with the alignment texture both parallel and perpendicular to the microwave electric field polarization. In both orientations, the AC conductance is modeled to first order by a parallel frequency-independent conductance and capacitance with no inductive contribution. This is consistent with low-frequency diffusive Drude AC conduction up to 50 GHz, in contrast to the “universal disorder” AC conduction reported in many types of single-wall nanotube materials.
Experience-dependent perceptual grouping and object-based attention. (2002)

Earlier studies have shown that attention can be directed to objects, defined on the basis of generic grouping principles, highly familiar shapes, or task instructions, rather than to contiguous regions of the visual field. The 4 experiments presented in this article extend these findings, showing that object attention benefits--shorter reaction times to features appearing on a single object--apply to recently viewed novel shapes. One experiment shows that object attention operates even when the visible fragments correspond to objects that violate standard completion heuristics. Other experiments show that experience-dependent object benefits can apply to fragments even without evidence of occlusion. These results attest to the flexible operation of the perceptual system, adapting as a function of experience.
Figure S4 from Genomic and Epigenomic Landscaping Defines New Therapeutic Targets for Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Pancreas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Somatic mutations and homozygous deletions targeting chromatin regulators in ASCP genomes. IGV views of A) TP53Y205S and MSL2C44W in 3.8N population sorted from primary tumor 9R. B) KRASG12D and KANSL1Q396X in flow sorted tumor fraction in PAX217. Sorted 2.0N fraction was used as a patient matched normal for 9R while patient matched lymphocytes were used as a source of normal DNA for PAX217. Homozygous deletions (log2 ratio &lt;-3.0) targeting ASXL2 and ARID2 in C) PENN040 and D) PAX208.&lt;/p&gt;
Lack of Buffering by Composites Promotes Shift to More Cariogenic Bacteria (2016)

Secondary caries (SC) remains a very important problem with composite restorations. The objectives of this study were to test the acid-buffering ability of several restorative materials and to evaluate whether buffering of the restorative material has an impact on the microbial composition of the biofilm. Disk-shaped specimens of conventional composite, composite with surface prereacted glass-ionomer filler particles (so-called giomer), glass-ionomer cement (GIC), amalgam, and hydroxyapatite (HAp) (control) were exposed to aqueous solutions with pH 4, 5, 6, and 7 and to the medium containing bacteria-produced acids, and pH changes were recorded over several days. Next, material specimens were immersed in bacterial growth medium with pH adjusted to 5. After a 24-h incubation, the extracts were collected and inoculated with a cariogenic (Streptococcus mutans) and a noncariogenic (Streptococcus sanguinis) species. The bacterial growth was monitored both in a single-species model by spectrophotometry and in a dual-species model by viability quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Amalgam and HAp showed the strongest acid-buffering ability, followed by the GIC and the giomer, while the conventional composite did not exhibit any buffering capacity. Furthermore, due to the lack of acid-buffering abilities, composite was not able to increase the pH of the medium (pH 5), which, in the absence of antibacterial properties, allowed the growth of S. mutans, while the growth of S. sanguinis, a less aciduric species, was completely inhibited. A similar effect was observed when bacteria were cultured together: there was a higher percentage of S. mutans and lower percentage of S. sanguinis with the conventional composite than with other materials and HAp. In conclusion, conventional composites lack the ability to increase the local pH, which leads to the outgrowth of more acidogenic/aciduric bacteria and higher cariogenicity of the biofilm. Together with lack of antibacterial properties, lack of buffering may account for the higher susceptibility of composites to SC.
The USA’s healthcare reform: the cost of prescription medicines (2010)

Keywords:: CMScost of drugscost of medicinesDonald Berwickhealthcaremalpracticeprescription drugsprescription medicinesrationing healthcaresocialized medicineUS FDA
Towards Generalizable Sentence Embeddings (2016)

In this work, we evaluate different sentence encoders with emphasis on examining their embedding spaces. Specifically, we hypothesize that a "high-quality" embedding aids in generalization, promoting transfer learning as well as zero-shot and one-shot learning. To investigate this, we modify Skipthought vectors to learn a more generalizable space by exploiting a small amount of supervision. The aim is to introduce an additional notion of similarity in the embeddings, rendering the vectors informative for different tasks requiring less adaptation. Our embeddings capture human intuition on similarity favorably than competing models, while we also show positive indications of transfer from the task of natural language inference to paraphrase detection and paraphrase ranking. Further, our model's behaviour on paraphrase detection when trained with an increasing amount of labelled data is indicative of a generalizable model. Finally, we support our hypothesis on generalizability of our embeddings through inspection of their statistics.
Microarray Technology May Reveal the Contribution of Allergen Exposure and Rhinovirus Infections as Possible Triggers for Acute Wheezing Attacks in Preschool Children (2021)

Allergen exposure and rhinovirus (RV) infections are common triggers of acute wheezing exacerbations in early childhood. The identification of such trigger factors is difficult but may have therapeutic implications. Increases of IgE and IgG in sera, were shown against allergens and the N-terminal portion of the VP1 proteins of RV species, respectively, several weeks after allergen exposure or RV infection. Hence, increases in VP1-specific IgG and in allergen-specific IgE may serve as biomarkers for RV infections or allergen exposure. The MeDALL-allergen chip containing comprehensive panels of allergens and the PreDicta RV chip equipped with VP1-derived peptides, representative of three genetic RV species, were used to measure allergen-specific IgE levels and RV-species-specific IgG levels in sera obtained from 120 preschool children at the time of an acute wheezing attack and convalescence. Nearly 20% of the children (22/120) showed specific IgE sensitizations to at least one of the allergen molecules on the MeDALL chip. For 87% of the children, increases in RV-specific IgG could be detected in the follow-up sera. This percentage of RV-specific IgG increases was equal in IgE-positive and -negative children. In 10% of the children, increases or <i>de novo</i> appearances of IgE sensitizations indicative of allergen exposure could be detected. Our results suggest that, in the majority of preschool children, RV infections trigger wheezing attacks, but, in addition, allergen exposure seems to play a role as a trigger factor. RV-induced wheezing attacks occur in IgE-sensitized and non-IgE-sensitized children, indicating that allergic sensitization is not a prerequisite for RV-induced wheeze.
Steady-state analysis of a ZVS-PWM series resonant converter with active-clamp technique (1998)

Steady-state analysis of a ZVS-PWM controlled series resonant converter with active-clamp technique is presented. In this paper, the normal load characteristics and abnormal voltage increase in the case of light load are analyzed. As a result, it is clarified that the stray capacitance of the transformer is a cause of the abnormal voltage increase. Then, it is confirmed that the abnormal voltage increase is suppressed by decreasing the duty ratio. ZVS condition is analyzed and confirmed experimentally. The ZVS is realized in a wide load range. The maximum efficiency of 89% is obtained for the output of 10 V and 2 A.
N-(Aminophenyl)oxamic acids and esters as potent, orally active antiallergy agents (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-(Aminophenyl)oxamic acids and esters as potent, orally active antiallergy agentsDieter H. Klaubert, John H. Sellstedt, Charles J. Guinosso, Robert J. Capetola, and Stanley C. BellCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1981, 24, 6, 742–748Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00138a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00138a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1242Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Streptide (2019)

Streptide (<b>1</b>) is a peptide-derived macrocyclic natural product that has attracted considerable attention since its discovery in 2015. It contains an unprecedented post-translational modification that intramolecularly links the β-carbon (C3) of a residue 2 lysine with the C7 of a residue 6 tryptophan, thereby forming a 20-membered cyclic peptide. Herein, we report the first total synthesis of streptide that confirms the regiochemistry of the lysine-tryptophan cross-link and provides an unambiguous assignment of the stereochemistry (3<i>R</i> vs 3<i>S</i>) of the lysine-2 C3 center. Both the 3<i>R</i> and the originally assigned 3<i>S</i> lysine diastereomers were independently prepared by total synthesis, and it is the former, not the latter, that was found to correlate with the natural product. The approach enlists a powerful Pd(0)-mediated indole annulation for the key macrocyclization of the complex core peptide, utilizes an underdeveloped class of hypervalent iodine(III) aryl substrates in a palladium-catalyzed C-H activation/β-arylation reaction conducted on a lysine derivative, and provides access to material with which the role of streptide and related natural products may be examined.
Enhanced laser speckle perfusion imaging for skin cancer detection at 980 nm with a black silicon camera (Conference Presentation) (2023)

We present a practical laser speckle imaging device for skin cancer detection based on a 980 nm source and black silicon camera technology, with superior penetration depth and contrast. By operating at 980 nm we obtain deeper perfusion contrast and are immune to differences in skin pigmentation. The use of a black silicon camera ensures a high quantum efficiency without significantly increasing the cost and complexity of the device. We will show the effectiveness of the device in imaging different skin lesions and discuss the system specifications (wavelength, power, exposure time, frame rate, and processing algorithm) that led to the optimal contrast.