gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 gp41-targeting fusion inhibitory peptides enhance the gp120-targeting protein-mediated inactivation of HIV-1 virions (2017)

Protein- or peptide-based viral inactivators are being developed as novel antiviral drugs with improved efficacy, pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles because they actively inactivate cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions before attachment to host cells. By contrast, most clinically used antiviral drugs must penetrate host cells to inhibit viral replication. In this study, we pre-treated HIV-1 particles with a gp120-targeting bispecific multivalent protein, 2Dm2m or 4Dm2m, in the presence or absence of the gp41-targeting HIV-1 fusion inhibitory peptides enfuvirtide (T20), T2635, or sifuvirtide (SFT). HIV-1 virions were separated from the inhibitors using PEG-6000, followed by testing of the residual infectivity of the HIV-1 virions. 2Dm2m and 4Dm2m exhibited significant inactivation activity against all HIV-1 strains tested with EC<sub>50</sub> values at the low nanomolar level, whereas none of the gp41-targeting peptides showed inactivation activity at concentrations up to 250 nM. Notably, these three peptides significantly enhanced protein-mediated inactivation against cell-free HIV-1 virions, including HIV-1 laboratory-adapted and primary HIV-1 strains, as well as those resistant to T20 or T2635 and virions released from reactivated latently HIV-1-infected cells. These results indicate that the gp120-targeting bispecific multivalent proteins 2Dm2m and 4Dm2m have potential for further development as HIV-1 inactivator-based antiviral drugs for use in the clinic, either alone or in combination with a gp41-targeting HIV-1 fusion inhibitor such as T20, to treat patients with HIV-1 infection and AIDS.
Optical, Electrical, and Electromechanical Properties of Hybrid Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Films (2015)

By combining a graphene layer and aligned multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) sheets in two different configurations, i) graphene on the top of MWNTs and ii) MWNTs on the top of the graphene, it is demonstrated that optical, electrical, and electromechanical properties of the resulting hybrid films depend on configurations.
Chemical Dynamics at the Gas−Surface Interface (1996)

We review recent progress in the understanding of the chemical dynamics of gas−surface reactions. Such reactions can involve many dynamically distinct interactions. Our review begins by considering a number of these important elementary processes, dealing in turn with (1) the initial gas−surface interaction including translational, rotational, and vibrational energy exchange, the discussion of vibrational interactions covering both direct vibrational excitation and vibrational relaxation at surfaces; (2) the trapping or adsorption of atoms and molecules on the surface; and (3) the important elementary processes of surface diffusion and desorption. We conclude with a detailed look at two examples of gas−surface reactions, first summarizing what is now known about the dissociative chemisorption of hydrogen at Cu surfaces (and the reverse process of recombinative desorption). Then we describe recent studies of direct gas−surface abstraction (or Eley−Rideal) reactions.
Radiographic Coronal Imbalance and Shoulder Asymmetry Continue to Improve Between 2 and 5 Years Following Surgery of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2021)

Level II-therapeutic.
Cascade optical coherence tomography (C-OCT) towards freeform metrology (2020)

Surface form metrology for freeform optical components is a significant challenge that impacts the entire process chain. One of the main aims is that the metrology technique provides sufficiently low measurement uncertainty within a reasonable measurement time. We developed a non-contact, non-part-specific cascade optical coherence tomography (COCT) technique within this metrology context. C-OCT utilizes a primary and a secondary interferometer in a cascade that transforms a difficult-to-measure optical path difference (OPD), which encodes the freeform sag in this case, into a more readily measured OPD in the secondary interferometer. To enable high-speed measurements, we developed the secondary interferometer based on a rotating optical cube. A custom telecentric objective lens and a custom pupil relay enable optical scanning over the sample surface. Experimental results validate the C-OCT technique with consecutive single-point measurements showing precision of ±26 nm (~λ/24 at the He-Ne wavelength) and a preliminary flat surface measurement demonstrating 22 nm RMS (~λ/28) over a central 20 mm diameter region. Developments on the system are underway towards surface measurements on freeform optical components.
Dynamic multicast groups with adaptive path selection in MMR WiMAX networks (2010)

Tactical communication architectures are evolving to support mobile broadband multimedia in NLOS environments. Multihop wireless systems have the potential to improve coverage and capacity over single-hop radio access systems. The IEEE 802.16 standard, also known as WiMAX, is a recent long-range broadband technology with mobility support, and the IEEE 802.16j substandard extends the range of mobile WiMAX by means of relay networking. In tactical communications in extreme scenarios, such as those needed in the military, there is an increasing interest in such networks, which allow viable solutions to common problems: high-capacity delivering. This paper presents the first dynamic path selection protocol for WiMAX relay networks that is fully embedded in the MAC layer. The MAC-layer approach is more efficient than solutions depending on higher layers. Moreover, we show that our approach can support dynamic group management for multicast communications following a cross-layer schema. As a result, multicast group switching becomes transparent to mobile end nodes receiving audio and video streaming services in tactical networks, unlike conventional solutions relying on higher layers. Also, we demonstrate that, with our approach, handover between WiMAX relay stations is transparent to mobile terminals receiving multimedia streaming.
Diffuse alveolar damage patterns reflect the immunological and molecular heterogeneity in fatal COVID-19 (2022)

CNPq, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, HC-Convida, FAPESP, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and the Swedish Heart & Lung Foundation.
Low Order Model Identification and Controller Design for Active Flow Control (2012)

This paper presents a model reduction and control approach for a class of active flow control problem. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used extensively to study fluid dynamic systems. It is a powerful tool to gain insight and understanding, but it is also extremely computationally intensive and thus unsuitable for control design and iteration. Various model reduction schemes have been proposed in the past to approximate the Navier-Stokes equation with a low-dimensional model. There are essentially two approaches: input/output model identification and modal decomposition based on snapshots of high-dimensional states such as proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The former captures mostly the local behavior near a steady state and the latter is highly dependent on the snapshots of the flow state used to extract the projection. This paper presents a novel model reduction approach that attempts to combine the attractive features of the two approaches. The local behavior is first obtained through the identification of a linear (or semi-linear) time invariant model using the input/output data. To capture the large nonlinear structure, we project the difference between CFD response and the linear identified model response onto a set of POD basis. This trajectory is fit to a nonlinear dynamical model to augment the input/output linear model. The resulting linear+nonlinear model is used to design a feedback control law. The difference between the predicted trajectory and CFD simulated trajectory under this control law is further used to refine the POD basis, until a good match is obtained. The proposed method is applied to 2D compressible flow example with outlet flow rate control for a contraction section. Preliminary results for lift control of a 2D airfoil is also included.
Effort-Reduced Calibration of Six-Port Based Receivers for CR/SDR Applications (2013)

This paper presents an effort-reduced approach for calibrating the reconfigurable six-port based receiver (SPR) systems for cognitive radio/software defined radio applications that accounts for all the known imperfections and impairments of an SPR system. The state-of-the-art calibration method requires estimation of more than 100 calibration parameters on-the-fly. The proposed calibration method reduces the number of parameters to four without any sacrifice in the overall system performance. The proposed method uses a different structure for six-port junction to ease the calibration effort. The nonlinearity and the frequency response of the system are broken down into two different realms. Nonlinearity of the system is accounted for by continuous wave characterization of the diode detectors while the frequency response is compensated for using an equalizer in the calibration step. The results obtained for the proposed approach are compared with the state-of-the-art calibration method. Similar performance from the SPR system is obtained with much reduced calibration complexity.
Thermal Conductivity of a Supported Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (2019)

We have extracted temperature-dependent thermal conductivity values from scanning thermal microscopy measurements of a self-heated multiwalled carbon nanotube supported on a silicon substrate. A deliberately introduced segment of amorphous carbon served as an integrated nanoheater. Kelvin probe force microscopy was used to supplement the thermometry data with values for the nanotube’s electrical resistivity. This way, both the spatially resolved temperature rise and the Joule heating power density were available for further analysis. A one-dimensional heat diffusion model was fitted to the data to extract values for the thermal conductivity along the nanotube axis and the thermal conductance between the nanotube and supporting substrate. We found thermal conductivity values that continuously increase from 200 to 400 W m–1 K–1 in a temperature range of 100 to 400 K above room temperature. The values obtained are about one order of magnitude lower compared to values reported for the freely suspended case. We attribute this observation to the increased phonon scattering and quenching of acoustic phonon modes due to the substrate interaction.
Mg2+ signalling defines the group A streptococcal CsrRS (CovRS) regulon (2007)

CsrRS (or CovRS) is a two-component system implicated in the control of multiple virulence determinants in the important human pathogen, group A Streptococcus (GAS). Earlier studies suggested that extracellular Mg(2+) signalled through the presumed sensor histidine kinase, CsrS. We now confirm those findings, as complementation of a csrS mutant restored Mg(2+)-dependent gene regulation. Moreover, we present strong evidence that Mg(2+) signals through CsrS to regulate an extensive and previously undefined repertoire of GAS genes. The effect of Mg(2+) on regulation of global gene expression was evaluated using genomic microarrays in an M-type 3 strain of GAS and in an isogenic csrS mutant. Unexpectedly, of the 72 genes identified in the Mg(2+)-stimulated CsrRS regulon, 42 were absent from the CsrR regulon (the latter being defined by comparison of wild-type and CsrR mutant transcriptomes at low Mg(2+)). We observed CsrS-dependent regulation of 72 of the 73 genes whose expression changed in response to elevated extracellular Mg(2+) in wild-type bacteria, a result that identifies CsrS as the principal, if not exclusive, sensor for extracellular Mg(2+) in GAS. To our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize global gene regulation by a GAS two-component system in response to a specific environmental stimulus.
ALD Technology - Present and Future Challenges (2007)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is one of the established techniques among the other chemical and physical deposition techniques of today. There is still, however, a number of challenges for ALD to meet regarding both manufacturing and growth chemistry. The main manufacturing obstacle is the throughput which inherently is low for ALD. In the chemistry side the precursor development plays a very important role together with the understanding of which ALD technique, thermal or plasma enhanced (PE), or even combined (PE)ALD/CVD to use for which application. In the future there will be an increasing need for the development of new ALD materials and for the detailed understanding of the growth of thin films and nanostructures not only on inorganic but also on organic surfaces.
Improved Method for Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring (2005)

The fetal ECG can be detected in the recorded abdominal signals. A new procedure to compute the fetal heart rate (FHR) is proposed. The abdominal signal is first preprocessed in order to remove the baseline and the uterine contractions. Then the ECG of the mother (MECG) is removed using coherent averaging and optimizing the averaged MECG template. The channels containing the clearest fetal ECG signal (FECG) are identified by the autocorrelation function. The FECG is enhanced by the cross correlation between the two channels that show the strongest FECG. This enhancement is possible since the residual noise in the abdominal signal after removal of baseline, uterine contractions and maternal ECG is not correlated among the channels. The fetal R-Peaks are then detected and the FHR is computed. The obtained FHR is further corrected, using the information about the MECG and about the FECG.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induces expression of B-cell activation markers on in vitro infection of EBV-negative B-lymphoma cells. (1987)

A set of B-cell activation markers, including the EBV/C3d receptor [complement receptor type 2 (CR2) (CD21)], the 45-kDa lymphoblastoid cell-associated (Blast-2) antigen (CD23), and the B-cell restricted activation (Bac-1) antigen (which was recently identified as a potential B-cell growth factor receptor) can be turned on by infecting lymphoma cells that are genome negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with the B95-8 immortalizing strain of the virus. The nonimmortalizing EBV variant, strain P3HR-1, which possesses a deletion within the BamHI WYH region of the genome containing the coding sequence for the EBV-determined nuclear antigen 2, does not induce expression of these markers. Other lymphoblastoid cell-associated antigen markers can be activated by infection with either immortalizing or nonimmortalizing viruses. These results suggest that the immortalizing potential of EBV is correlated with its ability to induce expression of B-cell activation markers, which are suspected to play a major role in the physiological pathway leading to lymphoid cell proliferation. The viral genomic region deleted in the nonimmortalizing strain of EBV seems to be required for activation of some of these markers. Human lymphoma cell lines, such as those used in this study, can thus help identify the specific EBV genes involved in lymphoid B-cell proliferation and the mechanism of action of these genes.
Correction to “Molecular Cobalt Complexes with Pendant Amines for Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid” (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Molecular Cobalt Complexes with Pendant Amines for Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid"Souvik Roy, Bhaskar Sharma, Jacques Pécaut, Philippe Simon, Marc Fontecave, Phong D. Tran, Etienne Derat, and Vincent Artero*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 25, 8778Publication Date (Web):June 12, 2017Publication History Published online12 June 2017Published inissue 28 June 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.7b05505https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b05505correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2230Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (302 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Catalysts,Cobalt,Mixtures,Organic acids,Transition metals Get e-Alerts
USING COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERNIZATION OF UNIVERSITIES EDUCATIONAL PROCESS (2018)

. 24(1) 2018 222 6. . . / . . // . -2014. 25. -. 413-414. 7. . . - / . . // . -2011. -8-9. -. 4-8. 8. . . : / .
TLR4 on Follicular Dendritic Cells: An Activation Pathway That Promotes Accessory Activity (2007)

Microbial molecular patterns engage TLRs and activate dendritic cells and other accessory cells. Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) exist in resting and activated states, but are activated in germinal centers, where they provide accessory function. We reasoned that FDCs might express TLRs and that engagement might activate FDCs by up-regulating molecules important for accessory activity. To test this hypothesis, TLR4 expression on FDCs was studied in situ with immunohistochemistry, followed by flow cytometry and RT-PCR analysis. TLR4 was expressed on FDC reticula in situ, and flow cytometry indicated that TLR4 was expressed on surface membranes and TLR4 message was readily apparent in FDCs by RT-PCR. Injecting mice or treating purified FDCs with LPS up-regulated molecules important for accessory activity including, FDC-Fc gammaRIIB, FDC-ICAM-1, and FDC-VCAM-1. Treatment of purified FDCs with LPS also induced intracellular phospho-IkappaB-alpha, indicating NF-kappaB activation, and that correlated with increased Fc gammaRIIB, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. FDCs in C3H/HeJ mice were not activated with LPS even when mice were reconstituted with C3H/HeN leukocytes, suggesting that engagement of FDC-TLR4 is necessary for activation. Moreover, activated FDCs exhibited increased accessory activity in anti-OVA recall responses in vitro, and the FDC number could be reduced 4-fold if they were activated. In short, we report expression of TLR4 on FDCs for the first time and that engagement of FDC-TLR4 activated NF-kappaB, up-regulated expression of molecules important in FDC accessory function, including Fc gammaRIIB, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, as well as FDC accessory activity in promoting recall IgG responses.
Diagnostic Tools and Processes Employed in Bioremediation (2018)

This chapter focuses on below-ground bioremediation of contaminants, where the authors explore the tools that allow them to understand and manage the agents of environmental repair – the micro organisms. Metabolism is the term used to describe the chemical transformations that occur within the cell to maintain life. Contaminant biotransformation and degradation in the subsurface are directly dependent on biogeochemical carbon and energy cycles that are facilitated by microorganisms. The biological pathways and biomarker analysis identified putative biological degradation pathways for the primary contaminants based on the relative presence or absence of 16S biomarkers for bacteria that have a demonstrated capability to produce enzymes involved in degradation. The solid portion contains both inorganic and organic material, with the inorganic material ranging in size from clays and silts to sand, gravel, and rocks. The groundwater under a specialty chemical manufacturing plant was discovered to be contaminated with chlorobenzenes.
Elimination of Coke in an Aged Hydrotreating Catalyst via a Non-Thermal Plasma Process: Comparison with a Coked Zeolite (2019)

The removal of coke from an aged industrial hydrodesulfurization catalyst, using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal plasma with a pin to plate geometry, was investigated. The aged catalyst was introduced into the plasma reactor as a thin wafer. After 130 minutes of plasma treatment, with P = 30 W, 70% of the coke was removed while more than 40% of the sulfur was still present. Characterization of catalyst at different locations of the wafer showed that the coke was more easily removed at the center, close to the pin electrode where the electric field was more intense. The formation of an unexpected phase, under the plasma discharge, was highlighted, it corresponded to the family of Keggin HPA PMo12O403−, which could be an interesting precursor of catalyst for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. Compared with a coked zeolite, the rate of regeneration is lower for the HDS catalyst under plasma discharge, while a lower temperature is required under conventional thermal oxidation. This is explained by the presence of metal particles, which could be responsible for the limitation in O-atom formation under plasma.
In vitro wear of primary and permanent enamel. Simultaneous erosion and abrasion. (2007)

Primary enamel showed more wear than permanent enamel, regardless of the slurry type. The acidic environment increased the wear rate compared to the neutral slurry. The association of abrasion and erosion increased the wear rate for the primary teeth only. There was no significant difference among groups for cusp wear and no correlation between cusp wear and the enamel wear.
41 Circulating levels and prognostic cut-offs of sST2, high-sensitivity troponin T, and NT-proBNP in women vs. men with chronic heart failure (2021)

Abstract Aims Limited evidence exists on sex-related differences in clinical value of biomarkers in chronic heart failure (HF). We aimed to define plasma levels, determinants, and optimal prognostic cut-offs of soluble suppression of tumourigenesis-2 (sST2), high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in female and male chronic HF patients. Methods and results Individual data of patients from the BIOS (Biomarkers In Heart Failure Outpatient Study) Consortium with sST2, hs-TnT, and NT-proBNP measured were analysed. The primary endpoint was a composite of 1-year cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization. The secondary endpoints were 5-year cardiovascular and all-cause death. The cohort included 4540 patients (age: 67 ± 12 years, LVEF 33 ± 13%, 1111 women, 25%). Women showed lower sST2 (24 vs. 27 ng/ml, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and hs-TnT level (15 vs. 20 ng/l, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and similar concentrations of NT-proBNP (1540 vs. 1505 ng/l, P = 0.408). Although the three biomarkers were confirmed as independent predictors of outcome in both sexes, the optimal prognostic cut-off was lower in women for sST2 (28 vs. 31 ng/ml) and hs-TnT (22 vs. 25 ng/l), while NT-proBNP cut-off was higher in women (2339 ng/l vs. 2145 ng/l). The use of sex-specific cut-offs improved risk prediction compared to the use of previously standardized prognostic cut-offs (Figure). Conclusions In patients with chronic HF, levels of sST2 and hs-TnT, but not of NT-proBNP are lower in women. Lower sST2 and hs-TnT and higher NT-proBNP cut-offs for risk stratification could be used in women.