gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of price-based resource allocation algorithms for ad hoc networks (2006)

As mobile ad hoc networks provide a wide range of possibly critical services, providing quality of service guarantees becomes an essential element. Yet there is a limited understanding of the performance characteristics of different resource allocation algorithms. In particular, there is little work that comparatively studies different algorithms in the same traffic environment. Therefore we study two algorithms, ad hoc-TARA and an algorithm based on the gradient projection method, for optimised bandwidth allocation in ad hoc networks under overload situations. The focus is on convergence properties and performance measured in terms of accumulated utility. The simulation results show that the gradient projection algorithm converges to an optimal solution even in large, dynamic networks, but that in such dynamic environments the convergence time can significantly influence the overall performance. In comparison, the near-optimal algorithm ad hoc-TARA, which quickly adapts to changes in the state of the network, can exhibit superior performance. Further we illustrate how different parameter settings influence the performance of the algorithms. We conclude that finding an optimal allocation comes at a high price in the rapidly changing environments of ad hoc networks and that near-optimal allocation can be an ample alternative.
Invitation model for a collaborative service enhancement in intelligent infrastructures (2011)

We present a service model that allows terminals to extend their capabilities by delivering services to intelligent infrastructures, as well as an extension that includes an invitation model to allow shared services and a basic security model.
How to push a block along a wall (1989)

Some robot tasks require manipulation of objects that may be touching other fixed objects. The effects of friction and kinematic constraint must be anticipated, and may even be exploited to accomplish the task. An example task, a dynamic analysis, and appropriate effector motions are presented. The goal is to move a rectangular block along a wall, so that one side of the block maintains contact with the wall. Two solutions that push the block along the wall are discussed.
A SARM1-mitochondrial feedback loop drives neuropathogenesis in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A rat model (2022)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A) is an axonal neuropathy caused by mutations in the mitofusin 2 (MFN2) gene. MFN2 mutations result in profound mitochondrial abnormalities, but the mechanism underlying the axonal pathology is unknown. Sterile α and Toll/IL-1 receptor motif-containing 1 (SARM1), the central executioner of axon degeneration, can induce neuropathy and is activated by dysfunctional mitochondria. We tested the role of SARM1 in a rat model carrying a dominant CMT2A mutation (Mfn2H361Y) that exhibits progressive dying-back axonal degeneration, neuromuscular junction (NMJ) abnormalities, muscle atrophy, and mitochondrial abnormalities - all hallmarks of the human disease. We generated Sarm1-KO (Sarm1-/-) and Mfn2H361Y Sarm1 double-mutant rats and found that deletion of Sarm1 rescued axonal, synaptic, muscle, and functional phenotypes, demonstrating that SARM1 was responsible for much of the neuropathology in this model. Despite the presence of mutant MFN2 protein in these double-mutant rats, loss of SARM1 also dramatically suppressed many mitochondrial defects, including the number, size, and cristae density defects of synaptic mitochondria. This surprising finding indicates that dysfunctional mitochondria activated SARM1 and that activated SARM1 fed back on mitochondria to exacerbate the mitochondrial pathology. As such, this work identifies SARM1 inhibition as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of CMT2A and other neurodegenerative diseases with prominent mitochondrial pathology.
Raman-Based Distributed Temperature Sensors (2010)

The paper reviews the technology, practical challenges and main applications of Raman distributed temperature sensing and discusses recent developments in system performance and reliability in harsh environments are also discussed.
Analysis of Powders Containing Illicit Drugs Using Magnetic Levitation (2019)

Abstract Magneto‐Archimedes levitation (MagLev) enables the separation of powdered mixtures of illicit drugs (cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, fentanyl, and its analogues), adulterants, and diluents based on density, and allows the presumptive identification of individual components. Small samples (mass &lt;50 mg), with low concentrations of illicit drugs, present a particular challenge to analysis for forensic chemists. The MagLev device, a cuvette containing a solution of paramagnetic gadolinium(III) chelate in a non‐polar solvent, placed between two like‐poles‐facing NdFeB magnets, allowed separation of seven relevant compounds simultaneously. In particular, initial separation with MagLev, followed by characterization by FTIR‐ATR, enabled identification of fentanyl in a sample of fentanyl‐laced heroin (1.3 wt % fentanyl, 2.6 wt % heroin, and 96.1 wt % lactose). MagLev allows identification of unknown powders in mixtures and enables confirmatory identification based on structure‐specific techniques.
SH-Type Spurious Response Free TC-SAW Resonators Using Low Acoustic Velocity Rayleigh SAW on LiNbO3 Substrate (2018)

In this paper, we describe the behavior of the spurious response caused by shear-horizontal (SH) type surface acoustic wave (SAW) in low acoustic velocity (LAV) Rayleigh SAW structure, which realizes remarkable miniaturization of high performance temperature compensated SAW (TC-SAW) devices. It is well known that an SH or Rayleigh type spurious response appears near the main response on TC-SAW on LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (LN) substrates and causes various undesired effects on the device characteristics. These effects can be removed by two means; one is minimization of its electromechanical coupling factor (K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), and the other is expulsion of it from the filter passband. However, they are often non-negligible in practical use. In order to explore a solution of this problem, we both theoretically and experimentally investigated the variation of the K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and the frequency of the SH-type SAW in the LAV-Rayleigh SAW structure. As a result, we revealed that the K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> can be kept almost zero even if various parameters are changed. Moreover, if higher density metal like Pt is used as a main electrode material, large frequency difference between the main and spurious responses is achievable to exclude the spurious response from filter passbands. Therefore, very small sized and SH-type spurious response free TC-SAW devices can be realized using the LAV-Rayleigh SAW technology.
Granule Enzyme Exocytosis Assay for Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activation (1998)

Upon activation by specific target cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) release into the culture medium the content of cytoplasmic granules that contain serine esterases. The amount of enzyme released during CTL activation can be easily quantitated by spectrophotometric measurement of the colored product of the enzymatic degradation of a synthetic substrate. In the primary method presented here, CTL are activated with monoclonal antibodies prepared against the T cell receptor (TCR) complex, then activation is quantitated according to the amount of serine esterase released in the supernatant. Alternate protocols describe the activation of CTL by a combination of protein kinase C and calcium ionophores (a TCR-independent approach) and by the more conventional approach of target-cell mediation. In a third approach, beta-glucuronidase rather than esterase activity is measured, as this enzyme is also present in granules released upon CTL activation. This unit therefore includes a colorimetric assay for CTL-induced beta-glucuronidase activity employing the substrate phenolphthalein glucuronic acid as well as a corresponding automated fluorimetric assay employing the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-D-glucuronide. Finally, the quantitation of granule exocytosis resulting from cell damage or death induced by the activating agent, rather than CTL activation, is described.
Modeling Agents and their Environment: The Physical Environment. (2003)

Without an environment, an agent is effectively useless. Cut off from the rest of its world, the agent can neither sense nor act. An environment provides the conditions under which an entity (agent or object) can exist. It defines the properties of the world in which an agent will function. Designing effective agents requires careful consideration of both the physical and communicational aspects of their environment. This paper is the first of two part and deals with the physical environment aspect of agents.
Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Acyclic All-Carbon Olefins via Enol Tosylation and Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling (2017)

A highly stereocontrolled synthesis of tetrasubstituted acyclic all-carbon olefins has been developed via a stereoselective enolization and tosylate formation, followed by a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of the tosylates and pinacol boronic esters in the presence of a Pd(OAc)2/RuPhos catalytic system. Both the enol tosylation and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions tolerate an array of electronically and sterically diverse substituents and generate high yield and stereoselectivity of the olefin products. Judicious choice of substrate and coupling partner provides access to either the E- or Z-olefin with excellent yield and stereochemical fidelity. Olefin isomerization was observed during the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. However, under the optimized cross-coupling reaction conditions, the isomerization was suppressed to <5% in most cases. Mechanistic probes indicate that the olefin isomerization occurs via an intermediate, possibly a zwitterionic palladium carbenoid species.
Nanometer level characterization of the James Webb Space Telescope optomechanical systems using high-speed interferometry (2015)

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Optical Telescope Element is a three mirror anastigmat consisting of a 6.5 m segmented primary mirror (PM), a secondary mirror, and a tertiary mirror. The primary mirror comprises 18 individual hexagonal segments. The telescope and instruments will be assembled at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) to build the Optical Telescope Element-Integrated Science Instrument Module (OTIS). While at GSFC, the OTIS will go through a series of environmental tests. In these tests the OTIS will be exposed to launch level acoustics and vibrations. To assure that OTIS’s performance has not changed due to these environmental tests, the assembly will be tested optically at the center of curvature of the PM. A high-speed interferometer has been designed and built to characterize both static and dynamic changes due to environmental exposure. This paper describes the details of these measurement techniques. To validate and develop the techniques that will be used on OTIS assembly two spare JWST PM segments were measured and the results presented here.
Design of doubly coupled resonator optical waveguides (2012)

We propose doubly-coupled resonator optical waveguides (D-CROWs). D-CROWs are composed of cascaded ring resonators based on 1-D photonic crystals. We show that D-CROWs realize small group velocity compared with conventional 1-D photonic crystals based CROWs.
Integrated Chip-scale Wavemeter with 300 MHz Free Spectral Range (2016)

We designed, fabricated and characterized an integrated chip-scale wavemeter based on an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer with 300 MHz free spectral range using low-loss Si3N4 platform. We also integrated an optical hybrid to provide phase information.
System security, platform security and usability (2010)

Scalable trusted computing seeks to apply and extend the fundamental technologies of trusted computing to large-scale systems. To provide the functionality demanded by users, bootstrapping a trusted platform is but the first of many steps in a complex, evolving mesh of components. The bigger picture involves building up many additional layers to allow computing and communication across large-scale systems, while delivering a system retaining some hint of the original trust goal. Not to be lost in the shuffle is the most important element: the system's human users. Unlike 40 years ago, they cannot all be assumed to be computer experts, under the employ of government agencies which provide rigorous and regular training, always on tightly controlled hardware and software platforms. It seems obvious that the design of scalable trusted computing systems necessarily must involve, as an immutable design constraint, realistic expectations of the actions and capabilities of normal human users. Experience shows otherwise. The security community does not have a strong track record of learning from user studies, nor of acknowledging that it is generally impossible to predict the actions of ordinary users other than by observing (e.g., through user experience studies) the actions such users actually take in the precise target conditions. We assert that because the design of scalable trusted computing systems spans the full spectrum from hardware to software to human users, experts in all these areas are essential to the end-goal of scalable trusted computing.
Up-regulation of serum periostin and squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels in respiratory syncytial virus bronchitis of infants (2015)

<b>Background:</b> Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis in infancy is a major risk factor for asthma. Recently, periostin and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) have been suggested as non-invasive biomarkers of asthma which can be easily assessed for clinical use. <b>Objective:</b> To clarify the relationship between RSV airway infections with or without an increased risk of asthma and serum periostin/SCCA levels. <b>Method:</b> We measured the serum levels of periostin, SCCA-1 and -2 in 14 cases of RSV-bronchitis with positive modified asthma predictive index (mAPI (+)), 22 cases of RSV-bronchitis with negative mAPI, 18 cases with food allergy with no respiratory symptoms (positive control) and 18 controls. We also compared the data of RSV-bronchitis between acute and recovery phases. <b>Results:</b> The levels of periostin, SCCA in acute phases were significantly elevated than in recovery phases. Especially SCCA1 levels were significantly higher than in other groups. However there were no significant differences of biomarkers between the groups with or without mAPI. <b>Conclusions:</b> Both periostin and SCCA may play some role in the pathogenesis of RSV-induced acute bronchitis. Further research is required to clarify the role of these molecules in the airway with RSV infection, and usefulness as the biomarker in young children with recurrent wheezing or asthma.
Refractory Angina Cell Therapy (ReACT) Involving Autologous Bone Marrow Cells in Patients without Left Ventricular Dysfunction: A Possible Role for Monocytes (2009)

Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for refractory angina patients. Previous studies have shown conflicting myocardium reperfusion results. The present study evaluated safety and efficacy of CellPraxis Refractory Angina Cell Therapy Protocol (ReACT), in which a specific BMMC formulation was administered as the sole therapy for these patients. The phase I/IIa noncontrolled, open label, clinical trial, involved eight patients with refractory angina and viable ischemic myocardium, without left ventricular dysfunction and who were not suitable for conventional myocardial revascularization. ReACT is a surgical procedure involving a single series of multiple injections (40-90 injections, 0.2 ml each) into ischemic areas of the left ventricle. Primary endpoints were Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Classification (CCSAC) improvement at 18 months follow-up and myocardium ischemic area reduction (assessed by scintigraphic analysis) at 12 months follow-up, in correlation with a specific BMMC formulation. Almost all patients presented progressive improvement in angina classification beginning 3 months (p = 0.008) postprocedure, which was sustained at 18 months follow-up (p = 0.004), as well as objective myocardium ischemic area reduction at 12 months (decrease of 84.4%, p < 0.004). A positive correlation was found between monocyte concentration and CCSAC improvement (r = -0.759, p < 0.05). Improvement in CCSAC, followed by correlated reduction in scintigraphic myocardium ischemic area, strongly suggests neoangiogenesis as the main stem cell action mechanism. The significant correlation between number of monocytes and improvement strongly supports a cell-related effect of ReACT. ReACT appeared safe and effective.
An integrated audio and active noise control headset (2002)

This paper presents an integrated approach in designing a noise reduction headset for audio and communication applications. Conventional passive headsets give good attenuation of ambient noise in the upper frequency range, while most of these devices fail below 500 Hz. Unlike the feedforward method, the adaptive feedback active noise control technique provides more accurate noise cancellation since the microphone is placed inside the ear-cup of the headset. Furthermore, the system uses a single microphone per ear cup, thus producing a more compact, lower power consumption, cheaper solution and ease of integration with existing audio and communication devices to form an integrated feedback active noise control headset. Simulation results have been conducted to show that the integrated approach can remove the disturbing noise and, at the same time, allow the desired speech or audio signal to pass through without cancellation.
The role of the octadecanoid pathway in the production of terpenoid indole alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots under normal and UV‐B stress conditions (2009)

The octadecanoid pathway is responsible for producing jasmonic acid an important signaling molecule in plants, which controls the production of a variety of secondary metabolites. Previously the exogenous addition of jasmonic acid to Catharanthus roseus hairy roots caused an increase in terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) accumulation. The role of the endogenous production of jasmonic acid by the octadecanoid pathway in the production of TIAs in C. roseus hairy roots is examined. Feeding of octadecanoid pathway inhibitors suggests that the octadecanoid pathway does not actively control TIA production under normal growth conditions or during the UV-B stress response in C. roseus hairy roots.
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in Beckwith–Wiedemann, Sotos, and Kabuki syndromes: A nationwide survey in Japan (2016)

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital overgrowth syndrome that is occasionally associated with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) in the neonatal period. Sotos syndrome (SS) and Kabuki syndrome (KS) are other malformation syndromes that may be complicated with HH, however, the detailed clinical characteristics of HH accompanied with these syndromes remain unclear. We herein conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey in Japan. We sent a primary questionnaire concerning the clinical experience for these syndromes to 347 perinatal care institutions. As a result, 222 departments or hospitals returned the questionnaires and the total numbers of BWS, SS, and KS patients were 113, 88, and 51, respectively. We sent a secondary questionnaire to 31 institutions where patients with these syndromes presented with HH during infancy. The secondary questionnaires were returned from the institutions and the numbers of patients were 16 for BWS, 9 for SS, and 3 for KS, respectively. Then, we compared the clinical characteristics of infants suffering from transient HH with and without these dysmorphic syndromes. As a result, BWS, SS, and KS patients showed significantly larger body size, lower Apgar scores, higher insulin levels at HH, and shorter durations of HH than non-dysmorphic infants with transient HH. We propose that a careful observation for the signs of HH, even if not specific to the syndromes, is important for the diagnosis of patients with BWS, SS, and KS in the postnatal period. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Posttranscriptional Control of Protein Synthesis in Drosophila S2 Cell-Free System (2013)

Protein synthesis is regulated transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally, with the latter including both the translation and mRNA degradation steps. Eukaryotic mRNAs have a characteristic 7-methyl-G cap structure at their 5' ends and a polyadenylated tail at their 3' ends. These structures, and the sequences of the untranslated regions (UTR) flanking the coding region on the 5' and 3' sides, are recognized by various RNA-binding proteins and determine translational efficiency and mRNA stability. RNA interference is a sequence-specific inhibition of protein synthesis triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This process is mediated by RNA-binding proteins named Argonaute. Argonautes incorporate dsRNAs of 21-22 nucleotides (termed short-interfering RNAs or siRNAs) and cleave mRNAs containing sequences complementary to siRNAs. In this chapter, we describe a cell-free translation system from Drosophila Schneider line 2 (S2) cells that recapitulates RNA interference. This system can be programmed with multiple RNA transcripts, a target and a control, and chemically synthesized short-interfering RNA (siRNA). The production of the target protein is reduced in the presence of the target-specific siRNA, in a dose-dependent manner. We also describe a coupled transcription and translation system using the S2 cell lysate.