gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yellow–green lasing operations of ZnCdTe/MgZnSeTe laser diodes on ZnTe substrates (2006)

Abstract ZnCdTe/MgZnSeTe laser diodes (LDs) were fabricated on ZnTe substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The LDs were characterized under single short pulse current injections at low temperature. Yellow–green single‐mode lasing emissions at 564 nm were successfully obtained, for the first time. The threshold current density ( J th ) at 100 K was 2.8 kA/cm 2 . The full width at half maximum value of the lasing emission peak was 1.1 meV (0.29 nm). From the temperature dependency of the J th , it was confirmed that the lasing operations were obtained up to 170 K. The characteristic temperature value was estimated to be 228 K. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Clinical genetic risk variants inform a functional protein interaction network for tetralogy of Fallot (2021)

Abstract Background Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the most common cyanotic heart defect in newborns, has evidence of multiple genetic contributing factors. Identifying variants that are clinically relevant is essential to understand patient-specific disease susceptibility and outcomes, and could contribute to delineating pathomechanisms. Methods and Results We used a clinically-driven strategy and current guidelines to re-analyze exome sequencing data from 811 probands with TOF, focused on identifying rare loss-of-function and other likely pathogenic variants in congenital heart disease (CHD) genes. In addition to confirming a major contribution of likely pathogenic variants in FLT4 (VEGFR3; n=14) and NOTCH1 (n=11), we identified 1-3 such variants in each of 21 other CHD genes, including ATRX, DLL4, EP300, GATA6, JAG1, NF1, PIK3CA, RAF1, RASA1, SMAD2 , and TBX1 . There were also three emerging CHD/TOF candidate genes with multiple loss-of-function variants in this cohort: KDR (n=4), IQGAP1 (n=3), and GDF1 (n=8). In total, these variants were identified in 64 probands (7.9%). Using the 26 composite genes in a STRING protein interaction enrichment analysis revealed a biologically relevant network (p-value 3.3e-16), with VEGFR2 ( KDR ) and NOTCH1 representing central nodes. Variants associated with arrhythmias/sudden death and/or heart failure indicated factors that could influence long-term outcomes. Conclusions The results are relevant to precision medicine for TOF. They suggest considerable clinical yield from genome-wide sequencing, and further evidence for KDR as a CHD/TOF gene and VEGF and Notch signaling as mechanisms in human disease. Harnessing genetic heterogeneity of single gene defects could inform etiopathogenesis and help prioritize novel candidate genes for TOF.
Adaptive Complex Field Control with an Array of Phase-Locked Fiber Collimators (2009)

We discuss development and integration of a coherent fiber-array system composed of densely-packed fiber collimators with built-in capabilities for adaptive wavefront phase piston and tilt control at each fiber collimator. In this system multi-channel fiber-integrated phase shifters are used for phase locking of seven fiber collimators and for the pre-compensation of laboratory generated turbulence-induced phase aberrations. Controllable x- and y-displacements of the fiber tips in the fiber-collimator array provide additional adaptive compensation of the tip and tilt phase aberration components. An additional control system is utilized for equalization of the intensity of each of the fiber-collimator beams. All three control systems are based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) optimization technique. The paper presents the first experimental results of adaptive dynamic phase distortion compensation with an adaptive phase-locked array of fiber-collimator system.
MAREJADAS RURALES Y LUCHAS POR LA VIDA, VOL. III: VAIVENES DEL ESTADO Y LA SOCIEDAD RURAL. (2019)

ASOCIACION MEXICANA DE ESTUDIOS RURALES A.C., INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RURALES (ICAR), UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA, EL COLEGIO DE MICHOACAN A.C., UNIVERSIDAD MICHOACANA DE SAN NICOLAS HIDALGO, CUCOSTA SUR GRANA, ECOSUR, FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES ACATLAN-UNAM
Measuring the Characteristic Topography of Brain Stiffness with Magnetic Resonance Elastography (2013)

The methods presented in this work are resistant to noise- and edge-related biases that are common in the field of brain MRE, demonstrate high test-retest reliability, and provide independent regional stiffness measurements. This pipeline will allow future investigations to measure changes to the brain's mechanical properties and how they relate to the characteristic topographies that are typical of many neurologic diseases.
Input Currents DCM Modelling of a Vienna-based Rectifier (2021)

The power supply of a medical imaging system deals with a wide power range pulsed load. For a Vienna-type three-phase rectifier, the input current can therefore be in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) as well as in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM). While Vienna modelling in CCM case and stability issues for a wide range of operating point have already been studied. A proper modelling for stability study in DCM case has not been made yet. A new linearised DCM model is presented and validated in this paper. DCM is shown more stable but more sensitive according to the operating point than CCM.
Assessment of 25-hydroxy vitamen d in patients on regular hemodialysis in ain shams university hospital (2020)

Abstract Address correspondence to M.H.M. Ebrahim, Department of Nephrology, Abo Kir Insurance Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. email: d.mohamedhosny3@gmail.com
Development of a PC12 Cell Based Assay for Screening Catechol- O -methyltransferase Inhibitors (2019)

The male rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell-derived PC12 cell line can synthesize and release catecholamine neurotransmitters, and it has been widely used as a model system in cell biology and toxicology research. Catechol-<i>O</i>-methyltransferase (COMT) is involved in the inactivation of the catecholamine neurotransmitters, and it is particularly important for the regulation of dopamine. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using PC12 cells as an in vitro drug screening platform to compare the activity of multiple COMT inhibitors. Incubation of PC12 cells with tolcapone, a highly potent and selective COMT inhibitor, increased the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) while reducing the metabolites 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the cell culture medium. LIBD-3, a novel, non-nitrocatechol COMT inhibitor, produced similar effects compared to tolcapone. LIBD-4, a less potent inhibitor, exhibited the expected right-shift in functional inhibition in the assay. These results match the known in vivo effects of COMT inhibition in rodents. Together, these data support the continued use of PC12 cells as an in vitro screen that bridges cell-free enzyme assays and more costly in vivo assays.
Chemical reaction at the interface between polycrystalline Si electrodes and HfO2∕Si gate dielectrics by annealing in ultrahigh vacuum (2005)

We have investigated the chemical reaction at the interface between polycrystalline-Si (poly-Si) electrodes and HfO2∕Si gate dielectrics by photoemission spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy depending on the annealing temperature in an ultrahigh vacuum. From Si2p and Hf4f high-resolution core-level photoemission spectra, we revealed that the Hf-silicide formation starts at as low temperature as 700°C and that the Hf-silicate layer is also formed at the interface between poly-Si electrodes and HfO2. Crystallization of the amorphous HfO2 layer even at 700°C was suggested from valence-band and OK-edge absorption spectra. By the annealing at 800°C, the HfO2 layer disappeared completely and the Hf-silicide clusters were formed on the Si substrate. Direct contact between poly-Si electrodes and HfO2 promotes the interfacial reaction compared to the case without poly-Si electrodes.
Generalized analysis of soft-switching DC-DC converters (2002)

In this paper, based on the switching-cell approach, a generalized steady state analysis for families of soft-switching DC-to-DC power converters is presented. Complete generalized design equations are also given. The concept of generalization and a step by step procedure for the generalized process are discussed and applied to selected soft-switching families such as ZVS-QRC, ZCS-QRC, QSW-CC, QSW-CV, ZCT-PWM and ZVT-PWM. Also, it has been noted that all the analyzed families have one generalized transformation table. The basic generalized equations are summarized and a cell-to-cell comparison introduced. It is shown that the generalized analysis leads to several advantages.
In vitro Colony-Forming Cells in Embryonic Mouse Liver, Spleen and Peripheral Blood (1984)

The number of in vitro colony-forming cells (CFC) was examined in embryonic livers, spleens, and peripheral blood of C57B1/6J mice from the 12th to the 19th day of gestation. Peaks of CFC in the liver and spleen were noted on days 13, and 15, respectively, whereas the number of CFC in the peripheral blood remained almost constant. The possibility that CFC in the embryonic mouse are produced both in the yolk sac and in other hemopoietic sites is discussed.
Flow Metering of Gases Using Ultrasonic Phased-Arrays at High Velocities (2019)

We present an ultrasonic transit-time gas flow meter (UFM) based on our 40 kHz 8 8 phased-array. Besides single element receivers, the UFM uses×a waveguide-based phased-array with an inter-element spacing of half-lambda as sender, capable of electronic beam steering for an extra-large flow velocity range. The sound drift effect limits the measurement range of conventional UFMs, i.e. we compensate the sound-drift effect using beam steering. The UFM features a maximum measurable flow velocity up to 100 m s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> . The flowmeter body is a fully 3D-printed pipe with a length of 800 mm and an inner diameter of 315 mm. The receivers are arranged at inclination angles of 45 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">◦</sup> . The flowmeter is tested on a test rig for ventilation fans according to ISO 5801:2017(E). At zero flow velocity, the SNR for the downstream receiver is 64.1 dB. Without compensation of the sound-drift effect, at the full flow velocity of 100 m s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> , the SNR drops down to 18.0 dB (downstream). When the compensation is enabled, the SNR raises by 18.7 dB (downstream) at full flow velocity. These numbers proof that the usage of a phased-array in a UFM can significantly increase the maximum measurable flow velocity. Further advantages are the possibility of multi-path measurements for an improved meter factor, i.e. eccentric flow meter configurations.
Recalibrating the body: visuotactile ventriloquism aftereffect (2018)

Visuotactile ventriloquism is a recently reported effect showing that somatotopic tactile representations (namely, representation of location along the surface of one's arm) can be biased by simultaneous presentation of a visual stimulus in a spatial localization task along the surface of the skin. Here we investigated whether the exposure to discrepancy between tactile and visual stimuli on the skin can induce lasting changes in the somatotopic representations of space. We conducted an experiment investigating this question by asking participants to perform a localization task that included unisensory and bisensory trials, before and after exposure to spatially discrepant visuotactile stimuli. Participants localized brief flashes of light and brief vibrations that were presented along the surface of their forearms, and were presented either individually (unisensory conditions) or were presented simultaneously at the same location or different locations. We then compared the localization of tactile stimuli in unisensory tactile conditions before and after the exposure to discrepant bisensory stimuli. After exposure, participants exhibited a shift in their tactile localizations in the direction of the visual stimulus that was presented during the exposure block. These results demonstrate that the somatotopic spatial representations are capable of rapidly recalibrating after a very brief exposure to visually discrepant stimuli.
Stability of limonene and monitoring of a hydroperoxide in fragranced products (2014)

ABSTRACT Upon prolonged exposure to air, limonene is prone to oxidation. Hydroperoxides formed upon oxidation are strong skin sensitizers in animal tests and give positive patch tests in human dermatitis patients. However, there is no analytical evidence indicating potential sources from which the public can be exposed to sufficient quantities of limonene hydroperoxide for induction of skin sensitization to occur. It has been proposed that fragranced products might lead to such exposure. Here, we developed analytical methods using mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with gas chromatography (GC)‐MS and liquid chromatography (LC)‐MS to detect limonene‐2‐OOH. GC‐MS has a low sensitivity, whereas LC‐MS was found to be a sensitive method to detect this hydroperoxide. However, selectivity of LC‐MS is low in complex fine fragrances owing to limited separation and unspecific ions. We developed an additional method based on selective reduction of limonene‐2‐OOH to carveol by triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 ). Quantitative carveol formation from the hydroperoxide in the presence of PPh 3 could be verified in hydroperoxide‐spiked fragrances. These methods were then applied to stability studies. We found a high stability of limonene in eaux de toilette and the PPh 3 ‐reduction assay gave no indication of hydroperoxide formation in repeatedly opened, half‐empty bottles stored for 9 months. Aged fine fragrances retrieved from consumers contained an average of 1990 µg/g limonene, but only traces of carveol were formed in a minority of the samples in the presence of PPh 3 . Control samples were spiked with trans ‐limonene‐2‐OOH. Quantitative trans ‐carveol formation in the presence of PPh 3 indicated that the method would detect the hydroperoxide in these consumer products if it was present at higher concentrations. In conclusion, limonene‐2‐OOH may be detected in complex fragrance samples by selective reduction followed by GC‐MS. However, we could not find evidence for significant limonene‐2‐OOH formation in aged fine fragrance samples. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Influence of pacing site on canine left ventricular force-interval relationship (1986)

We tested the hypothesis that while absolute extrasystolic (ES) and postextrasystolic (PES) dP/dtmax would be influenced by pacing site, if these values were normalized by the steady-state dP/dtmax obtained with the same pacing site, they would be independent of pacing site. We employed an isovolumetrically contracting isolated heart preparation with a balloon placed in the left ventricle. Pacing electrodes were placed on the atrium and four different epicardial ventricular sites. While pacing from each site separately, a steady mechanical state was established at a constant rate, and the interval between beats was then perturbed. The same pacing sequence was used while pacing from each of the five sites. On each ES and PES beat, dP/dtmax was expressed as a percentage of the steady-state dP/dtmax. The normalized responses measured with each ventricular pacing site (DPventr) were plotted as a function of the normalized responses obtained with atrial pacing (DPatr). On average, DPventr = 1.02 DPatr - 3.2% (n = 6, with r2 = 0.989), indicating that pacing site did not significantly influence the "normalized" force-interval relationship. Thus the basic information retrievable from measurements of the ventricular force-interval relationship is independent of the site from which the heart is paced.
Electromagnetic sensing and imaging for medical applications (2014)

Electromagnetic sensing and imaging (EMT) is an emerging biomedical imaging modality, which when matured, might present an effective supplement to current imaging technologies for non-invasive assessment of functional and pathological conditions of tissues. This paper presents the review of research results obtained by author with his colleagues and focused on various potential clinical applications of the technology.
Spatio-temporal map of crowding in normal and amblyopic vision (2010)

Purpose: Crowding is known to be a limiting factor for spatial vision both in normal periphery, and in the central visual field of amblyopes. However, the spatio-temporal dynamics of crowding have received little attention. The current study investigates the spatio-temporal perceptive field for crowding for both normal and amblyopic observers. Method: We measured orientation discrimination of the target (Gabor patch) embedded in similar flankers randomly presented at a combination of positions (five possible separations) and times (nine frames with 30ms for each frame), at the fovea and 5 degrees in the lower visual field of two normal and three amblyopic observers. Correlations between the flanker spatio-temporal positions and the observers' performance were calculated to obtain spatio-temporal classification images for crowding. Results: For normal central vision, the spatio-temporal map of crowding is almost flat with a small elevation only at time zero and the smallest separation. In normal periphery, the space-time inseparable crowding map shows a much higher peak. Along the time axis, at the smallest separation, the curve is fit by a Gaussian with mean 0ms and a width (two standard deviations) of 60ms; along the space axis, at time zero, the curve is fit by a half Gaussian with mean 0ms and a width of 1.5 deg in the periphery. For amblyopic observers, the crowding map obtained from the central visual field has a shape similar to that of normal periphery, the width of which along space axis depends upon the amblyopic observer's crowded acuity but the width along the time axis may be broader in general. Conclusion: Our study provides new results revealing the dynamics of crowding in space and time. Crowding in amblyopic central vision has various spatial extents but a broader time course than normal peripheral vision.
Bacterial Effectors and Their Functions in the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System: Insight from the Modes of Substrate Recognition (2014)

Protein ubiquitination plays indispensable roles in the regulation of cell homeostasis and pathogenesis of neoplastic, infectious, and neurodegenerative diseases. Given the importance of this modification, it is to be expected that several pathogenic bacteria have developed the ability to utilize the host ubiquitin system for their own benefit. Modulation of the host ubiquitin system by bacterial effector proteins inhibits innate immune responses and hijacks central signaling pathways. Bacterial effectors mimic enzymes of the host ubiquitin system, but may or may not be structurally similar to the mammalian enzymes. Other effectors bind and modify components of the host ubiquitin system, and some are themselves subject to ubiquitination. This review will describe recent findings, based on structural analyses, regarding how pathogens use post-translational modifications of proteins to establish an infection.
GLP-1 receptor agonists synergize with DYRK1A inhibitors to potentiate functional human β cell regeneration (2020)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors are widely prescribed diabetes drugs due to their ability to stimulate insulin secretion from remaining β cells and to reduce caloric intake. Unfortunately, they fail to increase human β cell proliferation. Small-molecule inhibitors of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) are able to induce adult human β cell proliferation, but rates are modest (~2%), and their specificity to β cells is limited. Here, we provide evidence that combining any member of the GLP1R agonist class with any member of the DYRK1A inhibitor class induces a synergistic increase in human β cell replication (5 to 6%) accompanied by an actual increase in numbers of human β cells. GLP1R agonist-DYRK1A inhibitor synergy required combined inhibition of DYRK1A and an increase in cAMP and did not lead to β cell dedifferentiation. These beneficial effects on proliferation were seen in both normal human β cells and β cells derived from individuals with type 2 diabetes. The ability of the GLP1R agonist-DYRK1A inhibitor combination to enhance human β cell proliferation, human insulin secretion, and blood glucose control extended in vivo to studies of human islets transplanted into euglycemic and streptozotocin-diabetic immunodeficient mice. No adverse events were observed in the mouse studies during a 1-week period. Because of the relative β cell specificity of GLP1R agonists, the combination provides an improved, although not complete, degree of human β cell specificity.
Structural Characterization of Serum N-Glycans by Methylamidation, Fluorescent Labeling, and Analysis by Microchip Electrophoresis (2016)

To characterize the structures of N-glycans derived from human serum, we report a strategy that combines microchip electrophoresis, standard addition, enzymatic digestion, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). We compared (i) electrophoretic mobilities of known N-glycans from well-characterized (standard) glycoproteins through standard addition, (ii) the electrophoretic mobilities of N-glycans with their molecular weights determined by MALDI-MS, and (iii) electrophoretic profiles of N-glycans enzymatically treated with fucosidase. The key step to identify the sialylated N-glycans was to quantitatively neutralize the negative charge on both α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids by covalent derivatization with methylamine. Both neutralized and nonsialylated N-glycans from these samples were then reacted with 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS) to provide a fluorescent label and a triple-negative charge, separated by microchip electrophoresis, and detected by laser-induced fluorescence. The methylamidation step leads to a 24% increase in the peak capacity of the separation and direct correlation of electrophoretic and MALDI-MS results. In total, 37 unique N-glycan structures were assigned to 52 different peaks recorded in the electropherograms of the serum samples. This strategy ensures the needed separation efficiency and detectability, easily resolves linkage and positional glycan isomers, and is highly reproducible.
Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound Cycloplasty for Refractory Glaucoma: A 3-Year Study (2021)

The UCP procedure was efficacious with few complications and should be considered as an alternative to other IOP-lowering therapies including laser cyclocoagulation in patients with refractory glaucoma.
Supplementary Table 1 from Development of a Hypoxia Gene Expression Classifier with Predictive Impact for Hypoxic Modification of Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 57K&lt;/p&gt;
Foundations of Automated Database Tuning (Tutorial) (2006)

Our society is more dependent on information systems than ever before. However, \nmanaging the information systems infrastructure in a cost-effective manner is a \ngrowing challenge. The total cost of ownership (TCO) of information technology \nis increasingly dominated by people costs. In fact, mistakes in operations and \nadministration of information systems are the single most reasons for system \noutage and unacceptable performance. For information systems to provide value \nto their customers, we must reduce the complexity associated with their \ndeployment and usage.