gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Incidence and Impact of Thrombocytopenia in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). (2006)

Abstract Background: MDS is a heterogeneous stem cell malignancy characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction are recognized to contribute to hemorrhagic complications, however, reliable data regarding the frequency and consequences of thrombocytopenia in MDS are lacking. Objective: To assess thrombocytopenia in MDS based on literature and chart review. Methods: MDS literature (January 1980 to November 2005) was identified using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases, society websites, and hand searches of bibliographies. In addition, a retrospective review of all patients referred to the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) with MDS since 1980 was performed. Results: A total of 85 references were identified describing clinical consequences of thrombocytopenia, n=16; efficacy and safety of MDS therapies, n=60; guidelines, n=9. Because of variable definitions of thrombocytopenia, a platelet count &lt;100x109/L was applied as the threshold point in the literature analysis. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia in MDS ranged from 40% to 65%. Baseline thrombocytopenia rates were reported in 19/60 (32%) references; the median frequency of thrombocytopenia prior to MDS therapy was 65% (range, 23% to 93%). The MDACC database review identified 1605/2410 (67%) patients with thrombocytopenia (&lt;100x109/L) at referral. Severe thrombocytopenia (&lt;20x109/L) was observed in 425 (18%) patients. Using the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), 399/2410 (17%) patients had intermediate-2 or high risk disease; 83% and 25% of these patients had platelet counts of &lt;100x109/L and &lt;20x109/L, respectively. Corresponding event frequencies decreased to 21% and 3% in patients with low or intermediate-1 risk MDS (264/2410, 11%). The reported incidence of MDS treatment-related thrombocytopenia was &gt;50% in studies involving lenalidomide, azacitidine, or a combination of idarubicin, cytarabine and topotecan. Treatment-related thrombocytopenia was also observed in studies involving tipifarnib, linomide, decitabine, all-trans retinoic acid, and sirolimus. The reported incidence of hemorrhagic complications ranged from 3% to 53%, and the frequency of hemorrhagic deaths ranged from 14% to 24%. At MDACC, 460 patients had a coded cause of death: hemorrhage as a cause of death, 20%; hemorrhage as the only cause of death, 10%. Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia is common in MDS with a higher prevalence in higher risk IPSS categories. Many approved and investigational MDS therapies cause or exacerbate pre-existing thrombocytopenia. The incidence of severe bleeding in MDS was higher than reported in current guidelines or reviews.
Leaders in Faith-Based Organizing Networks (2012)

Abstract As well as including articles from four research scholars and extracts from two key texts on organizing in the USA, the editors invited leaders from four of the major organizing networks—Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF), Pacific Institute for Community Organization (PICO), Gamaliel and Interfaith Worker Justice (IWJ)—to contribute to this special issue from their perspective as organizers. Two of the leaders are pastors and two write from their viewpoint as national staff workers with faith-based networks. All four contributors were asked to reflect on their experience of organizing in local communities and across the nation; to consider what for them are the most important theological and theoretical issues.
Virtual Reality as an Adjunctive Non-pharmacologic Analgesic for Acute Burn Pain During Medical Procedures (2011)

We review evidence from clinical and laboratory research studies exploring Virtual Reality analgesia, concentrating primarily on the work ongoing within our group. We briefly describe how VR pain distraction systems have been tailored to the unique needs of burn patients to date, and speculate about how VR systems could be tailored to the needs of other patient populations in the future.
Assessment of shock wave lithotripters via cavitation potential (2006)

An analysis of bubbles in elastic media has been made in order to characterize shock wave lithotripters by gauging the potential for cavitation associated with the lithotripter shock wave (LSW). The method uses the maximum radius achieved by a bubble subjected to a LSW as the key parameter that defines the potential damage a lithotripter could cause at any point in the domain. The maximum radius is determined by an energy analysis. A new index—similar in spirit to the Mechanical Index of Holland and Apfel for diagnostic ultrasound—is proposed for use in gauging the likelihood of cavitation damage.
Electrical Properties and Photo-responses of SiNWs with Selective Anchored Gold Nanoparticles by using Scanning Probe Bond Breaking Nanolithography (2008)

2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Electrical Properties and Photo-responses of SiNWs with Selective Anchored Gold Nanoparticles by using Scanning Probe Bond Breaking Nanolithography
Surprisingly facile CO2 insertion into cobalt alkoxide bonds: A theoretical investigation (2015)

Exploiting carbon dioxide as co-monomer with epoxides in the production of polycarbonates is economically highly attractive. More effective catalysts for this reaction are intensively being sought. To promote better understanding of the catalytic pathways, this study uses density functional theory calculations to elucidate the reaction step of CO2 insertion into cobalt(III)-alkoxide bonds, which is also the central step of metal catalysed carboxylation reactions. It was found that CO2 insertion into the cobalt(III)-alkoxide bond of [(2-hydroxyethoxy)Co(III)(salen)(L)] complexes (salen = N,N"-bis(salicyliden-1,6-diaminophenyl)) is exothermic, whereby the exothermicity depends on the trans-ligand L. The more electron-donating this ligand is, the more exothermic the insertion step is. Interestingly, we found that the activation barrier decreases with increasing exothermicity of the CO2 insertion. Hereby, a linear Brønsted-Evans-Polanyi relationship was found between the activation energy and the reaction energy.
ChemInform Abstract: An Optimized in situ Procedure for the Oxazaborolidine Catalyzed Enantioselective Reduction of Prochiral Ketones. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Instant Messaging Enabled Mobile Payments (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Instant Messaging Mobile Payment Scenario The Generic MP and IM Platforms of IMMP Design of An IM-enabled MP System Implementation Security and Privacy in IMMP Conclusions References
The Role of Inherited Pathogenic CDKN2A Variants in Susceptibility to Pancreatic Cancer (2021)

CDKN2A is cell cycle negative regulator, and the role of CDKN2A in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which continues to be a lethal cancer, is well-established. Somatic loss of CDKN2A is considered one of the major drivers of pancreatic tumorigenesis. CDKN2A gene is one of the pancreatic cancer susceptibility gene; in addition to melanoma, pathogenic germline CDKN2A variants have been identified in up to 3.3% patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma depending on family history of disease. Carriers of a known pathogenic germline CDKN2A variant have up to a 12.3-fold increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the benefit of clinical surveillance in patients with pathogenic germline CDKN2A variants. Therefore, identification of patients with a pathogenic germline CDKN2A variant is important for screening of at-risk relatives for pancreatic cancer. It has the potential to lead to the detection of early, potentially curable pancreatic cancer and precursor neoplasms, and reduce mortality. Furthermore, patients with a germline pathogenic CDKN2A variant and somatic loss of CDKN2A may benefit in the future from treatment with targeted therapies, such as a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
20114 Thermal Stress Analysis of Flash Lamp Annealing (2006)

Flash lamp annealing is one of technologies for wafer heat treatment proposed as the next generation. However, problems such as wafer breakages sometimes occur because of large thermal stress inside of wafers. In order to identify the mechanism of the breakage, we simulated thermal stress during flash lamp annealing by a finite element method analysis. The results of the simulation showed that compressive stress could occur at a front surface and edge regions of a wafer, and tensile stress could occur at a back surface of a wafer. In addition, maximum compressive stress of 450MPa could occur at the center of the front surface. In the case of tensile stress, maximum value of 170MPa could occur at the center of the back surface. Also maximum shearing stress of slip direction, which was 225MPa, could be around the vicinity of a start point of the edge region of front surface.
Green solvents for organic thin-film transistor processing (2020)

A wide range of green solvents are explored to process TIPS-PEN (6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene), and several other p- and n-type organic semiconductors for their potential generality in fabricating organic thin-film transistors.
Bootstrapping for Approximate Homomorphic Encryption. (2018)

This paper extends the leveled homomorphic encryption scheme for an approximate arithmetic of Cheon et al. (ASIACRYPT 2017) to a fully homomorphic encryption, i.e., we propose a new technique to refresh low-level ciphertexts based on Gentry’s bootstrapping procedure. The modular reduction operation is the main bottleneck in the homomorphic evaluation of the decryption circuit. We exploit a scaled sine function as an approximation of the modular reduction operation and present an efficient evaluation strategy. Our method requires only one homomorphic multiplication for each of iterations and so the total computation cost grows linearly with the depth of the decryption circuit. We also show how to recrypt packed ciphertexts on the RLWE construction with an open-source implementation. For example, it takes 139.8 s to refresh a ciphertext that encrypts 128 numbers with 12 bits of precision, yielding an amortized rate of 1.1 seconds per slot.
Spinal Cord Neuronal Circuit Dynamism During Sensorimotor Control - eScholarship (2014)

The versatility of the spinal cord as a sophisticated processor of information has been continually supported by a growing body of literature, which indicates that the spinal cord, like the brain, is capable of reorganization, learning, and the au- tonomous evaluation and modulation of sensory and motor signals. These proper- ties are of particular interest to the clinical research community, as these intrinsic properties of the spinal cord are currently being leveraged to provide novel ther- apies for amelioration of neuromotor deficits such as those associated with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) or stroke. An important missing component of these efforts, however, is a detailed, behaviorally-relevant understanding of the physiology responsible for motor behavior and nominal spinal cord function. Though some isolated circuits and overall network behaviors have been identified under various experimental conditions, investigators are still limited by the quantity and quality of data relevant to in vivo contexts of motor control and the role of descending inputs and afferent sensory information that serve to modulate the spinal cords ac- tivity. Identifying the mechanistic and dynamic properties of spinal cord circuitry is thus critical to the refinement of existing technologies and the development of newer, more effective methodology to treat neuromotor dysfunction.
New agents in the management of diabetic neuropathy (1997)

Diabetic neuropathy encompasses a wide range of subclinical and clinical syndromes. Here, we provide a new classification of neuropathies based on their pathogenetic heterogeneity, dictating a need for specific therapies oriented to the underlying causative mechanisms. In addition to the traditional approach that associates neuropathy with persistently high blood glucose levels or microvascular insufficiency, recent observations related to the role of immune mechanisms and deficiency of neurotrophic factors are also presented. Diagnostic procedures should include a thorough evaluation of clinical, electrophysiologic, and quantitative sensory and autonomic function testing in order to distinguish diabetic neuropathies from other causes of nerve damage. An important diagnostic element is screening for signs of antineuronal autoimmunity that may dictate a need for immunotherapy. Other indications for specific therapies are discussed, including aldose reductase inhibitors, aminoguanidine, γ-linolenic acid, N-acetyl-L-carnitine, and gangliosides. In addition, we describe algorithms for the recognition and symptomatic management of painful diabetic neuropathy and mononeuropathies and discuss a global approach to the recognition and optimum treatment strategies for syndromes involving the autonomic nervous system, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and metabolic aspects. New agents on the horizon for treating neuropathy are mentioned briefly.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Video Legends from Endogenous Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging Elucidates Metabolic Changes Related to Enhanced Glycolysis and Glutamine Consumption in Precancerous Epithelial Tissues (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 147KB&lt;/p&gt;
Carbon Nanotubes: Colors of Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes (Adv. Mater. 8/2021) (2021)

Graphene and graphite are black and pure diamonds are colorless to the human eye; however, single-wall carbon nanotubes are colorful. In article number 2006395, Esko I. Kauppinen and co-workers explain experimentally how these stable colors of carbon nanotubes form, and also demonstrate their brilliance and range. It is surprising that these molecules of pure carbon, like gems, can exhibit a full spectrum of strong and vivid colors.
Quinolin-6-Yloxyacetamides Are Microtubule Destabilizing Agents That Bind to the Colchicine Site of Tubulin (2017)

Quinolin-6-yloxyacetamides (QAs) are a chemical class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors that were initially identified as fungicides. Here, we report that QAs are potent anti-proliferative agents against human cancer cells including ones that are drug-resistant. QAs act by disrupting the microtubule cytoskeleton and by causing severe mitotic defects. We further demonstrate that QAs inhibit tubulin polymerization in vitro. The high resolution crystal structure of the tubulin-QA complex revealed that QAs bind to the colchicine site on tubulin, which is targeted by microtubule-destabilizing agents such as colchicine and nocodazole. Together, our data establish QAs as colchicine-site ligands and explain the molecular mechanism of microtubule destabilization by this class of compounds. They further extend our structural knowledge on antitubulin agents and thus should aid in the development of new strategies for the rational design of ligands against multidrug-resistant cancer cells.
Crack growth under long-term static loads (2017)

When a load is carried over an extended period, a crack in a viscoelastic material might grow, even if the load is less than the static tearing strength Tc for unstable rupture, and even in the absence of dynamic cycles. The rate of crack growth under these conditions is governed by the instantaneous value of the energy release rate. In the oil and gas industry, a seal or packer may well be required to tolerate high pressures encountered for an extended time without developing a crack in the material, even in the absence of dynamic cyclic loading. In this case, understanding the development of time-dependent cracking is essential to the successful material selection and design. A finitely scoped, strain-controlled procedure was used in which static strain is slowly increased on a planar tension test piece over a prespecified total test duration while a camera records images of crack development. The procedure was applied on a carbon black-filled hydrogenated nitrile. The information obtained in the experiment can be used to evaluate creep-crack growth, or in combination with measurements of the fatigue crack growth rate law, to analyze cases where crack growth might occur under mixed conditions.
Efficacy and safety of bovhyaluronidase azoximer (Longidase) in patients with post-COVID syndrome: results of an open, prospective, controlled, comparative, multicenter clinical trial DISSOLVE (2023)

Post-COVID syndrome develops after COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) and leads to cumulative effects in the form of shortness of breath and impaired lung function. Notably, patients with airway inflammation and COVID-19 were found to have increased concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA). Since bovhyaluronidase azoximer (Longidase®) catalyzes the hydrolysis of HA, this drug has the potential to reduce HA levels and improve lung function in patients with post-COVID syndrome. The aim of the DISSOLVE trial, which was conducted early in the pandemic, was to investigate the efficacy and safety of bovhyaluronidase azoximer in patients with symptoms associated with post-COVID syndrome. Methods. An open, prospective, controlled, comparative, multicenter clinical trial (NCT04645368) included adult patients (n = 160) who had post-COVID syndrome. Patients in the treatment group (n = 81) received bovhyaluronidase azoximer, and individuals in the control group (n = 79) were followed up without intervention. The study included physical examination, evaluation of forced vital capacity (FVC), assessment of dyspnea with the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), 6-minute walking test, and pulse oximetry. These indicators were measured on 3 visits, at days 1 (baseline), 75, and 180. In addition, the number of patients who experienced adverse events and serious adverse events were recorded. Results. Baseline patient characteristics in the treatment group and the control group were similar. In the treatment group, there was a statistically significant reduction in residual pulmonary abnormalities after visit 2 (day 75) and visit 3 (day 180). In addition, FVC, pulse oximetry values, and functional exercise tolerance increased statistically significantly at days 75 and 180 compared to baseline. The mMRC scores for dyspnea decreased statistically significantly in the treatment group over 75 days. The safety profile of the drug was reported to be favorable throughout the study. Conclusion. Treatment with bovhyaluronidase azoximer in patients with post-COVID syndrome showed improvement in FVC, pulse oximetry, functional exercise tolerance, and mMRC dyspnea.
Numbers of colony‐forming progenitors in patients with systemic mastocytosis: potential diagnostic implications and comparison with myeloproliferative disorders (2003)

The numbers of CFU are normal in patients with ISM, but elevated in some patients with SSM and SM-CMML. An elevated CFU level in SM should raise the suspicion of an associated MPD (CMML) or smouldering SM, a novel SM-subtype that shares several features with MPD and sometimes progresses to an overt SM-MPD.
Modulation of statolith mass and grouping in white clover (Trifolium repens) grown in 1‐g, microgravity and on the clinostat (1997)

Current models of gravity perception in higher plants focus on the buoyant weight of starch-filled amyloplasts as the initial gravity signal susceptor (statolith). However, no tests have yet determined if statolith mass is regulated to increase or decrease gravity stimulus to the plant. To this end, the root caps of white clover (Trifolium repens) grown in three gravity environments with three different levels of gravity stimulation have been examined: (i) 1-g control with normal static gravistimulation, (ii) on a slow clinostat with constant gravistimulation, and (iii) in the stimulus-free microgravity aboard the Space Shuttle. Seedlings were germinated and grown in the BioServe Fluid Processing Apparatus and root cap structure was examined at both light and electron microscopic levels, including three-dimensional cell reconstruction from serial sections. Quantitative analysis of the electron micrographs demonstrated that the starch content of amyloplasts varied with seedling age but not gravity condition. It was also discovered that, unlike in starch storage amyloplasts, all of the starch granules of statolith amyloplasts were encompassed by a fine filamentous, ribosome-excluding matrix. From light micrographic 3-D cell reconstructions, the absolute volume, number, and positional relationships between amyloplasts showed (i) that individual amyloplast volume increased in microgravity but remained constant in seedlings grown for up to three days on the clinostat, (ii) the number of amyloplasts per cell remained unchanged in microgravity but decreased on the clinostat, and (iii) the three-dimensional positions of amyloplasts were not random. Instead amyloplasts in microgravity were grouped near the cell centers while those from the clinostat appeared more dispersed. Taken together, these observations suggest that changing gravity stimulation can elicit feedback control over statolith mass by changing the size, number, and grouping of amyloplasts. These results support the starch-statolith theory of graviperception in higher plants and add to current models with a new feedback control loop as a mechanism for modulation of statolith responsiveness to inertial acceleration.
Kilometer length, low loss enhanced back scattering fiber for distributed sensing (2017)

We demonstrate a 1km long optical fiber with continuous grating enhanced back scattering and attenuation close to standard single mode fiber. Scattering was observed to be more than 10dB above the Rayleigh back scattering of the optical fiber over a 10nm bandwidth between 1542 and 1552nm. The fiber attenuation was estimated to be 0.4dB/km. Our result was enabled through the fabrication of a standard single mode fiber with a UV transparent coating and reel to reel continuous UV grating inscription over more than 1km. We anticipate that enhanced scattering fiber will have impact in many sensor systems that rely on optical back scatter, including distributed acoustic sensing, security applications and structural health monitoring.
Theory of radiative recombination (2006)

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A novel scheme for the validation of an automated classification method for epileptic spikes by comparison with multiple observers (2017)

WC can be used to provide quantitative analysis of epileptic spikes.
Alleles of afd1 dissect REC8 functions during meiotic prophase I (2006)

REC8 is a master regulator of chromatin structure and function during meiosis. Here, we dissected the functions of absence of first division (afd1), a maize rec8/alpha-kleisin homolog, using a unique afd1 allelic series. The first observable defect in afd1 mutants is the inability to make a leptotene chromosome. AFD1 protein is required for elongation of axial elements but not for their initial recruitment, thus showing that AFD1 acts downstream of ASY1/HOP1. AFD1 is associated with the axial and later the lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex. Rescuing 50% of axial element elongation in the weakest afd1 allele restored bouquet formation demonstrating that extent of telomere clustering depends on axial element elongation. However, rescuing bouquet formation was not sufficient for either proper RAD51 distribution or homologous pairing. It provides the basis for a model in which AFD1/REC8 controls homologous pairing through its role in axial element elongation and the subsequent distribution of the recombination machinery independent of bouquet formation.