gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Germline or somatic GPR101 duplication leads to X-linked acrogigantism: a clinico-pathological and genetic study (2016)

Non-syndromic pituitary gigantism can result from AIP mutations or the recently identified Xq26.3 microduplication causing X-linked acrogigantism (XLAG). Within Xq26.3, GPR101 is believed to be the causative gene, and the c.924G > C (p.E308D) variant in this orphan G protein-coupled receptor has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of acromegaly.We studied 153 patients (58 females and 95 males) with pituitary gigantism. AIP mutation-negative cases were screened for GPR101 duplication through copy number variation droplet digital PCR and high-density aCGH. The genetic, clinical and histopathological features of XLAG patients were studied in detail. 395 peripheral blood and 193 pituitary tumor DNA samples from acromegaly patients were tested for GPR101 variants.We identified 12 patients (10 females and 2 males; 7.8 %) with XLAG. In one subject, the duplicated region only contained GPR101, but not the other three genes in found to be duplicated in the previously reported patients, defining a new smallest region of overlap of duplications. While females presented with germline mutations, the two male patients harbored the mutation in a mosaic state. Nine patients had pituitary adenomas, while three had hyperplasia. The comparison of the features of XLAG, AIP-positive and GPR101&AIP-negative patients revealed significant differences in sex distribution, age at onset, height, prolactin co-secretion and histological features. The pathological features of XLAG-related adenomas were remarkably similar. These tumors had a sinusoidal and lobular architecture. Sparsely and densely granulated somatotrophs were admixed with lactotrophs; follicle-like structures and calcifications were commonly observed. Patients with sporadic of familial acromegaly did not have an increased prevalence of the c.924G > C (p.E308D) GPR101 variant compared to public databases.In conclusion, XLAG can result from germline or somatic duplication of GPR101. Duplication of GPR101 alone is sufficient for the development of XLAG, implicating it as the causative gene within the Xq26.3 region. The pathological features of XLAG-associated pituitary adenomas are typical and, together with the clinical phenotype, should prompt genetic testing.
Sensitizing the insensitive (2004)

Lithium is still the treatment of choice in bipolar affective disorder. The patient presented here represents an example of the possible severity of metabolic defects resulting from lithium use. In this case, it caused severe intractable nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Our case report draws attention to 2 important messages. The first is the complexity in treating psychiatric patients that is often not borne out in the medical literature. The second is the role and power of pharmacological augmentation. While the role of these agents has been appreciated for some time, the use of carbamazepine and of drug combinations is not as well recognized. We emphasize the clinical features of NDI, lithium's metabolic sequelae and furthermore collate the most up-to-date account of the signalling effects conferred by these agents in a summary diagram.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Conformational Analysis of Azacycloalkane Amino Acids as Conformationally Constrained Probes for Mimicry of Peptide Secondary Structures (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Table 2 from Synergistic Targeting of PI3K/AKT Pathway and Androgen Receptor Axis Significantly Delays Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 84KB, AZD5363 activity in prostate cancer cell lines in vitro&lt;/p&gt;
Design and Synthesis of Novel Deuterated Ligands Functionally Selective for the γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor (GABAAR) α6 Subtype with Improved Metabolic Stability and Enhanced Bioavailability (2018)

Recent reports indicate that α6β2/3γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R selective ligands may be important for the treatment of trigeminal activation-related pain and neuropsychiatric disorders with sensori-motor gating deficits. Based on 3 functionally α6β2/3γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R selective pyrazoloquinolinones, 42 novel analogs were synthesized, and their in vitro metabolic stability and cytotoxicity as well as their in vivo pharmacokinetics, basic behavioral pharmacology, and effects on locomotion were investigated. Incorporation of deuterium into the methoxy substituents of the ligands increased their duration of action via improved metabolic stability and bioavailability, while their selectivity for the GABA<sub>A</sub>R α6 subtype was retained. 8b was identified as the lead compound with a substantially improved pharmacokinetic profile. The ligands allosterically modulated diazepam insensitive α6β2/3γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>Rs and were functionally silent at diazepam sensitive α1β2/3γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>Rs, thus no sedation was detected. In addition, these analogs were not cytotoxic, which render them interesting candidates for treatment of CNS disorders mediated by GABA<sub>A</sub>R α6β2/3γ2 subtypes.
Supplementary Table S3 from Supraphysiologic Testosterone Induces Ferroptosis and Activates Immune Pathways through Nucleophagy in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DNA repair gene mutation analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Rate-distortion analysis of weighted prediction for error resilience (2008)

In this paper, we extend our work in [1] and address an approach to theoretically analyze the rate-distortion (R-D) performance of the weighted prediction feature provided within the scope of H.264/AVC. We consider the weighted prediction as a standard-compatible leaky prediction approach for the purpose of error resilience. We adopt a quantization noise model that explicitly formulates the relationship between the data rate and the distortion in the mean-square-error (MSE) sense. We derive a comprehensive rate-distortion function for both the error-free scenario and the one with error drift. Through adjusting the weight coefficients in H.264/AVC, we also simulate H.264/AVC video streaming over error-prone networks and obtain the operational rate-distortion results using various leaky factors for both error-free and error-drift scenarios. We compare our theoretical results with the operational R-D curves and demonstrate that the theoretical results conform with the operational results.
Field Dependency-Independency and Eye-Movement Patterns (1968)

Eye-movement patterns of high and low scoters on a test of field-dependency-independency were compared. Significant differences were found for track length and informative search but none for sex and duration of fixation. Support for the notion that field-independent Ss employ more effective search patterns is suggested.
Mapping for Acute Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation Study (MAPS Study) (2017)

Diaphragmatic stimulation from the brachiocephalic and caval veins is feasible. Potential side effects should be eliminated by adapting the stimulation pattern. This information could be used to design a catheter, combining cardiac pacing with enhancing diaphragm movement during a sleep apnea episode.
Hydrogen-Substituted Superconductors SmFeAsO1–xHx Misidentified As Oxygen-Deficient SmFeAsO1–x (2015)

We investigated the preferred electron dopants at the oxygen sites of 1111-type SmFeAsO by changing the atmospheres around the precursor with the composition of Sm:Fe:As:O = 1:1:1:1 - x in high-pressure synthesis. Under H2O and H2 atmospheres, hydrogens derived from H2O or H2 molecules were introduced into the oxygen sites as a hydride ion, and SmFeAsO(1-x)Hx was obtained. However, when the H2O and H2 sources were removed from the synthetic process, nearly stoichiometric SmFeAsO was obtained and the maximum amount of oxygen vacancies introduced remained x = 0.05(4). Density functional theory calculations indicated that substitution of hydrogen in the form of H(-) is more stable than the formation of an oxygen vacancy at the oxygen site of SmFeAsO. These results strongly imply that oxygen-deficient SmFeAsO(1-x) reported previously is SmFeAsO(1-x)Hx with hydride ion incorporated unintentionally during high-pressure synthesis.
A Baseline for Few-Shot Image Classification (2019)

Fine-tuning a deep network trained with the standard cross-entropy loss is a strong baseline for few-shot learning. When fine-tuned transductively, this outperforms the current state-of-the-art on standard datasets such as Mini-ImageNet, Tiered-ImageNet, CIFAR-FS and FC-100 with the same hyper-parameters. The simplicity of this approach enables us to demonstrate the first few-shot learning results on the ImageNet-21k dataset. We find that using a large number of meta-training classes results in high few-shot accuracies even for a large number of few-shot classes. We do not advocate our approach as the solution for few-shot learning, but simply use the results to highlight limitations of current benchmarks and few-shot protocols. We perform extensive studies on benchmark datasets to propose a metric that quantifies the "hardness" of a few-shot episode. This metric can be used to report the performance of few-shot algorithms in a more systematic way.
AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor-based sensors for environmental and bio-applications (2010)

A promising sensing technology utilizing AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) has been developed to analyze a wide variety of environmental and biological gases and liquids. The conducting 2DEG channel of GaN/AlGaN HEMTs is very close to the surface and extremely sensitive to adsorption of analytes. Examples of detecting mercury ions, perkinsus, lactic acid, carbon dioxide, and vitellogenin are discussed in this paper.
Noninvasive Targeted Transcranial Neuromodulation via Focused Ultrasound Gated Drug Release from Nanoemulsions (2017)

Targeted, noninvasive neuromodulation of the brain of an otherwise awake subject could revolutionize both basic and clinical neuroscience. Toward this goal, we have developed nanoparticles that allow noninvasive uncaging of a neuromodulatory drug, in this case the small molecule anesthetic propofol, upon the application of focused ultrasound. These nanoparticles are composed of biodegradable and biocompatible constituents and are activated using sonication parameters that are readily achievable by current clinical transcranial focused ultrasound systems. These particles are potent enough that their activation can silence seizures in an acute rat seizure model. Notably, there is no evidence of brain parenchymal damage or blood-brain barrier opening with their use. Further development of these particles promises noninvasive, focal, and image-guided clinical neuromodulation along a variety of pharmacological axes.
Properties of Chemically Derivatized Nickel Electrodes: The Synthesis of an Electrocatalytic Interface (1983)

Nickel electrodes yield poor charge transfer characteristics for the oxidation and reduction of the ferrocene couple, as well as for a number of other electrochemically interesting reactions. In this respect, nickel is typical of a variety of inexpensive metals which are potential electrode materials, however, which are not useful due to oxidative instability. In the case of nickel with the ferrocene redox couple, this problem can be overcome by chemical modification of the nickel electrode interface. Surface silylation techniques can be used to covalently bond various moieties to an anodized nickel electrode surface, although, these surfaces appear less reactive with respect to silylation than previously reported platinum or gold surfaces. Attachment of 1,1'ferrocendiyldichlorosilane or serves to stabilize the nickel interface and to electrocatalyze the ferrocene redox reaction. This effect is obtained by a combination of electron mediation by the surface attached material and inhibition of surface oxidation. The latter is in part due to a physical effect creating an environment in which oxidation is not favorable.
Critical Temperature in Bulk Ultrafine-Grained Superconductors of Nb, V, and Ta Processed by High-Pressure Torsion (2019)

This overview describes the progressive results of the superconducting critical temperature in bulk nanostructured metals (niobium, vanadium and tantalum) processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT). Bulk nanostructured superconductors provide a new route to control superconducting property, because ultrafine-grain structures with a high density of grain boundaries, dislocations, and other crystalline defects modify the superconducting order parameter. The critical temperature Tc in Nb increases with the evolution of grain refinement owing to the quantum confinement of electrons in ultrafine grains. In V and Ta, however, Tc decreases at a certain HPT revolution number (i.e. at certain strain levels). The different behaviour of Tc in the three materials is explained by the competition effect between the quantum size effect and disorder effect; these effects are characterized by the parameters of grain size, electron mean free path, and superconducting coherence length.
MoVi (2010)

Sensor networks have been conventionally defined as a network of sensor motes that collaboratively detect events and report them to a remote monitoring station. This paper makes an attempt to extend this notion to the social context by using mobile phones as replacement of motes. We envision a social application where mobile phones collaboratively sense their ambience and recognize socially "interesting" events. The phone with a good view of the event triggers a video recording, and later, the video-clips from different phones are "stitched" into a video highlights of the occasion. We observe that such a video highlights is akin to the notion of event coverage in conventional sensor networks, only the notion of "event" has changed from physical to social. We have built a Mobile Phone based Video Highlights system (MoVi) using Nokia phones and iPod Nanos, and have experimented in real-life social gatherings. Results show that MoVi-generated video highlights (created offline) are quite similar to those created manually, (i.e., by painstakingly editing the entire video of the occasion). In that sense, MoVi can be viewed as a collaborative information distillation tool capable of filtering events of social relevance.
Noncontact sensors and Nonintrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) aboard the USCGC spencer (2016)

Modernization in the U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard includes an emphasis on automation systems to help replace manual tasks and reduce crew sizes. This places a high reliance on monitoring systems to ensure proper operation of equipment and maintain safety at sea. Nonintrusive Load Monitors (NILM) provide low-cost, rugged, and easily installed options for electrical system monitoring. This paper describes a real-world case study of newly developed noncontact NILM sensors installed aboard the USCGC SPENCER, a Famous class (270 ft) cutter. These sensors require no ohmic contacts for voltage measurements and can measure individual currents inside a multi-phase cable bundle. Aboard the SPENCER, these sensors were used to investigate automated testing applications including power system metric reporting, watchstander log generation, and machinery condition monitoring.
Growth Factor Effects on Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Using a Colorimetric Assay: Can a Transferrin-Like Factor Mediate Autocrine Growth? (1988)

A semiautomated colorimetric assay (MTT assay), based on the ability of live cells to reduce a tetrazolium-based compound, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), to a purplish colored formazan product that can be measured spectrophotometrically, has recently been adapted for use in drug sensitivity analysis of cultured human tumor cell lines. We report the application of this assay for the evaluation of the growth factor requirements of human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. Specifically, the growth stimulation of each constituent of a previously reported serum-free defined medium system for SCLC including various concentrations of hydrocortisone, insulin, transferrin, 17 beta-estradiol, and selenium (HITES) was evaluated. The optimal concentrations for insulin, transferrin, and selenium derived in the previously reported experiments with direct counting of viable cells were similar to optimal concentrations determined for the growth of three SCLC cell lines (NCI-H82, NCI-N417, NCI-H526) using the MTT assay. In contrast to the previous report, the growth-stimulating effects of hydrocortisone and 17 beta-estradiol were negligible. Using the MTT we have shown that a SCLC cell line, NCI-H345 (which has been previously reported to produce a transferrin-like molecule), was growth-inhibited by an anti-transferrin receptor antibody, when grown in transferrin-free media. The conditioned media from this cell line is stimulatory to other transferrin-sensitive cell lines, suggesting the possibility of an autocrine role for this transferrin-like molecule at least in that cell line. With carefully defined conditions for a given cell line in which cell density and other parameters are within a range of constant MTT metabolism, the assay is well suited for precise analysis of growth factor effects.
Handbook of Photodynamic Therapy (2015)

"The main objective of this book is to present the recent applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating cancer and other diseases. The limitations associated with current PDT agents, and the synthetic designs that have been used in various laboratories are also discussed. The utility of certain tumor-avid agent for cancer imaging (fluorescence, PET, MRI) is also summarized. The book also includes the use of delivery vehicles, including nanoparticles in improving the tumor-specificity of the desired agents. The book is basically focused on the translational approach of drug development. By providing certain specific examples, a clear concept of moving a "product" from the bench to bed-side is also discussed. To have a clear concept of drug development the book is divided in three parts — Medicinal Chemistry, Mechanistic and Clinical studies. Each part includes the contributions from the leading scientists with extensive experience in the respective field. The handbook is assembled by renowned scientists Dr Dougherty, known as the father of PDT, Dr Kessel, well known for his contributions on mechanism of PDT and Dr Pandey for his inventions in developing improved agents for PDT and cancer-imaging."--Provided by publisher
Thin-film, flat-panel, composite detectors for projection and tomographic imaging (2003)

The concept of composite imaging detectors in which a flat-panel array precedes a second level of detection is presented. In radiotherapy, a dual-energy X-ray projection imager would consist of a pair of stacked, flat-panel imagers. The upper detection of level would consist of a flat-panel array with an overlying X-ray converter and would serve as a diagnostic imager. The lower detection level would consist of a second array with an overlying metal sheet/phosphor screen converter and would serve as a megavoltage imager. Such a composite imager would be of significant assistance in helping to resolve the patient localization problem in megavoltage radiotherapy by facilitating the correlation of patient anatomy obtained with diagnostic images with the position of the megavoltage portal field. In a second realization of a composite imager, a flat-panel array placed directly over the crystal in a SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) camera, or within the detector ring of a PET (positron emission tomography) scanner, would allow the simultaneous collection of emission and transmission projection data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Raman spectroscopic studies of zeolite framework. Hydrated zeolite A and the influence of cations (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRaman spectroscopic studies of zeolite framework. Hydrated zeolite A and the influence of cationsPrabir K. Dutta and B. Del BarcoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 10, 1861–1865Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100256a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100256a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views310Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Large-Stroke Capacitive MEMS Accelerometer Without Pull-In (2020)

In this study, the feasibility of obtaining electrical read-out data from a capacitive MEMS accelerometer that employs repulsive electrode configuration is demonstrated. This configuration allows for large-stroke vibrations of microstructures without suffering from pull-in failure that exists in conventional accelerometers based on the parallel-plate configuration. With initial fabrication gap of 2.75μm, the accelerometer can reach a 4.2μm dynamical displacement amplitude. The accelerometer is tested up to 95(V) without exhibiting pull-in failure. For comparison, the pull-in voltage of an accelerometer with same dimensions but with conventional parallel-plate electrode configuration is 0.8(V). The MEMS device is fabricated using the POLYMUMPs fabrication standard. An electrical circuit is built to measure the capacitance change due to motion of the accelerometer proof-mass. The accelerometer has a mechanical sensitivity of 35nm/g and electrical sensitivity of 5.3mV/g. The ability to use large bias voltages without the typical adverse effects on the stability of the moving electrode will enable the design of capacitive MEMS accelerometers with enhanced resolution and tunable frequency range.