gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Statistical Leakage Models on Design Yield Estimation (2011)

Device mismatch and process variation models play a key role in determining the functionality and yield of sub-100 nm design. Average characteristics are often of interest, such as the average leakage current or the average read delay. However, detecting rare functional fails is critical for memory design and designers often seek techniques that enable accurately modeling such events. Extremely leaky devices can inflict functionality fails. The plurality of leaky devices on a bitline increase the dimensionality of the yield estimation problem. Simplified models are possible by adopting approximations to the underlying sum of lognormals. The implications of such approximations on tail probabilities may in turn bias the yield estimate. We review different closed form approximations and compare against the CDF matching method, which is shown to be most effective method for accurate statistical leakage modeling.
Macrophage Plasticity and Function in the Lung Tumour Microenvironment Revealed in 3D Heterotypic Spheroid and Explant Models (2021)

In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), stroma-resident and tumour-infiltrating macrophages may facilitate an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) and hamper immunotherapeutic responses. Analysis of tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) plasticity in NSCLC is largely lacking. We established a novel, multi-marker, dual analysis approach for assessing monocyte-derived macrophage (Mφ) polarisation and M1/M2 phenotypic plasticity. We developed a flow cytometry-based, two-marker analysis (CD64 and CD206) of CD14<sup>+</sup> cells. The phenotype and immune function of in vitro-induced TAMs was studied in a heterotypic spheroid and tumour-derived explant model of NSCLC. Heterotypic spheroids and NSCLC explants skewed Mφs from an M1- (CD206<sup>lo</sup>CD64<sup>hi</sup>) to M2-like (CD206<sup>hi</sup>CD64<sup>lo</sup>) phenotype. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFNγ treatment reversed M2-like Mφ polarisation, indicating the plasticity of Mφs. Importantly, antigen-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses were reduced in the presence of tumour explant-conditioned Mφs, but not spheroid-conditioned Mφs, suggesting explants are likely a more relevant model of the immune TME than cell line-derived spheroids. Our data indicates the importance of multi-marker, functional analyses within Mφ subsets and the advantages of the ex vivo NSCLC explant model in immunomodulation studies. We highlight the plasticity of the M1/M2 phenotype using the explant model and provide a tool for studying therapeutic interventions designed to reprogram M2-like Mφ-induced immunosuppression.
Selenoamides modulate dipole–dipole interactions in hydrogen bonded supramolecular polymers of 1,3,5-substituted benzenes (2019)

Selenoamide moieties introduced into <italic>C</italic><sub>3</sub>-symmetrical molecules enhance supramolecular interactions and confer a remarkable thermal stability to the supramolecular polymers.
Abstract 4203: EF24, a novel curcumin analogue inhibits oncogenic activation induced by radiation abscopal effect in distant mice lungs (2011)

Abstract Ascertaining the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced carcinogenesis through an abscopal effect would raise a paradigm shift in our understanding of the radiobiological effects and radiation carcinogenesis. EF24, a synthetic analog of curcumin with improved physicochemical properties has been shown to possess potent anticancer activity, both in vitro as well as in vivo. In this study, we investigated the oncogenic activation after IR in an organ (lung) distant from the exposure field. C57/BL6 mice either mock irradiated, exposed to single dose IR (SDR: 2 or 10Gy) or fractionated IR (FIR, 2 Gy/day for 5 days) with or without EF24 (i.p. 200μg/Kg, 3h prior to IR) treatment were sacrificed 1h through 2 weeks post-irradiation. All IR exposures were limited to the lower abdomen area (1cm diameter), while the rest of the animal was protected by a specially designed cerrobend shield. DNA binding activity of AP-1, E2F1, cFOS and FRA1 were examined using EMSA analysis. Transcriptional activation of 88 oncogenes was assessed using QPCR profiling. Phosphorylation of CREB and JNK were examined using immunoblotting. Cellular localization of JunB, JunC and JunD were analyzed by immunohisto staining. IR significantly induced AP-1, E2F1, cFOS and FRA1 DNA binding activity in lungs distant from the exposure fields. EF24 completely and persistently (up to 2wks) suppressed IR-induced distant effect on AP-1, E2F1, cFOS and FRA1 DNA binding activity. Second, EF24 completely suppressed all 52, 31 and 64 oncogenes that were significantly upregulated after 2 Gy, 10Gy and 2Gyx5D exposures. We observed a similar inhibitory effect of oncogene transcriptome even after 2wk with EF24 treatment. Third, a profound increase in JunB, JunC and JunD levels observed in distant lung tissue after IR were significantly inhibited by EF24. Fourth, we observed a profound inhibition of IR-induced CREB phosphorylation with EF24 treatment in distant lungs. Taken together, these data clearly demonstrated an induced abscopal carcinogenic response in mice lungs after clinically relevant doses of IR exposure. The findings further imply that systemic administration of EF24 could potentially inhibit DNA binding activity, transactivation and translation of oncogenes and thereby mitigate IR-induced oncogenic activation at distant site. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4203. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4203
Finding Users we Trust: Scaling up Verified Twitter Users Using their Communication Patterns (2014)

We present a technique to identify Twitter users we trust to be regular Twitter users and not spam or fake accounts. The technique starts with an initial set of trusted users based on Twitter's verified users and recursively includes other users the trusted users communicate with. Conversations must be initiated by trusted users. We show that this technique produces a set of users that is over 200 times larger than Twitter's verified users. Our evaluation shows that the share of non-spam users within the resulting set of trusted users is more than 92% while the share of non-spam users within all tweeting users is 74%.
Recent advances in catalyst immobilization using supercritical carbon dioxide (2004)

Abstract Homogeneous organometallic catalysts have a great potential for the development of sustainable synthetic processes. There is, however, an urgent need for the development of new techniques to separate products and catalysts efficiently, allowing for recycling and reuse of the precious catalyst. The unique solvent properties of supercritical carbon dioxide offer new approaches for the immobilization of organometallic catalysts, many of which are suitable for efficient continuous-flow operation. Recent research in this field tries to combine the molecular nature of organometallic catalysts with the reaction-engineering aspect of multiphase catalysis.
Ionotropic glutamate receptors of amacrine cells of the mouse retina (2006)

The mammalian retina contains approximately 30 different morphological types of amacrine cells, receiving glutamatergic input from bipolar cells. In this study, we combined electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques in order to study the glutamate receptors expressed by different types of amacrine cells. Whole-cell currents were recorded from amacrine cells in vertical slices of the mouse retina. During the recordings the cells were filled with Lucifer Yellow/Neurobiotin allowing classification as wide-field or narrow-field amacrine cells. Amacrine cell recordings were also carried out in a transgenic mouse line whose glycinergic amacrine cells express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Agonist-induced currents were elicited by exogenous application of NMDA, AMPA, and kainate (KA) while holding cells at -75 mV. Using a variety of specific agonists and antagonists (NBQX, AP5, cyclothiazide, GYKI 52466, GYKI 53655, SYM 2081) responses mediated by AMPA, KA, and NMDA receptors could be dissected. All cells (n = 300) showed prominent responses to non-NMDA agonists. Some cells expressed AMPA receptors exclusively and some cells expressed KA receptors exclusively. In the majority of cells both receptor types could be identified. NMDA receptors were observed in about 75% of the wide-field amacrine cells and in less than half of the narrow-field amacrine cells. Our results confirm that different amacrine cell types express distinct sets of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which may be critical in conferring their unique temporal responses to this diverse neuronal class.
A Dual-modality System for Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Imaging (2006)

The goal of this study is to develop a dynamic DOT system as an adjunct to MRI. Such a combined system may provide complementary information and lead to increased specificity in breast cancer characterization.
Oxygen Transfer from Mother to Fetus During Cesarean Section Under Epidural Anesthesia (1983)

The correlation between maternal PaO2 levels and umbilical vein (UV) and umbilical artery (UA)PO2 levels was studied in 40 healthy patients undergoing elective cesarean sections under lumbar epidural anesthesia. Patients were divided into four equal groups. Each group inhaled oxygen at a FIO2 of 0.21, 0.47, 0.74 (in nitrogen), or 1.0. Maternal arterial samples and fetal UV and UA samples were collected at the time of delivery. Maternal PaO2 levels increased from 96 +/- 4 (1 SE) torr during exposure to to a FIO2 of 0.21 to 232 +/- 6, 312 +/- 16, and 423 +/- 6 torr while breathing FIO2 of 0.47, 0.74 and 1.0, respectively. UV PO2 levels increased from 28 +/- 1 to 36 +/- 1.5, 41 +/- 1.3 and 47 +/- 1.2 torr in the hyperoxic groups. UA PO2 levels increased from 15 +/- 0.7 to 19 +/- 0.8, 21 +/- 0.3, and 25 +/- 1.8 torr, respectively. Oxygen saturation and blood O2 contents increased in maternal and fetal blood. Maternal arterial, UV, and UA base excess values in the hyperoxic groups were significantly higher than in the normoxic groups. There was no difference in 1- or 5-minute Apgar scores between the normoxic and hyperoxic groups. It is concluded that maternal hyperoxia improves fetal oxygen stores and acid-base status during cesarean section under epidural anesthesia.
Search for type-III seesaw heavy leptons inppcollisions ats=8  TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2015)

A search for the pair production of heavy leptons (N 0 ; L AE ) predicted by the type-III seesaw theory formulated to explain the origin of small neutrino masses is presented. The decay channels N 0 W AE l (l e; ; ) and L AE W AE ( e ; ; ) are considered. The analysis is performed using the final state that contains two leptons (electrons or muons), two jets from a hadronically decaying W boson and large missing transverse momentum. The data used in the measurement correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 of pp collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 8 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No evidence of heavy lepton pair production is observed. Heavy leptons with masses below 325-540 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level, depending on the theoretical scenario considered.
Corrigendum to 'A review of the basics of mitochondrial bioenergetics, metabolism, and related signaling pathways in cancer cells: Therapeutic targeting of tumor mitochondria with lipophilic cationic compounds' [REDOX 14C (2017) 316–327] (2018)

WOS:000446404400041
Multilayered supermolecular structures self-assembled from polyelectrolytes and cyclodextrin host–guest complexes (2000)

Supermolecular multilayers with high levels of compositional and structural complexities have been fabricated with an example that involves formation of stable host–guest complexes from bolaamphiphiles and cyclodextrins, followed by sequential build-up of multilayered films by these complexes in combination with anionic polystyrene sulfonate polymer chains.
Optimizing Parameters for Post-Processing of Ti-6Al-4V Components Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing for Superior Performance (2018)

ORNL worked with Quintus Technologies to develop new hot isostatic pressing parameters for Ti-6Al-4V components fabricated via Arcam electron beam melting. These parameters result in isotropic tensile behavior compared to the conventional hot isostatic press HIP parameters that result in anisotropic tensile properties depending on the build direction. Furthermore, an improvement in fatigue behavior was observed.
Discovering NF- B (2009)

David Baltimore recalls the experiments that led to the discovery of the NF-kappaB transcription factor more than 20 years ago.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Sulfonyl‐Substituted 4,5‐Diarylthiazoles as Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
<title>Image quality of a large-area dynamic flat detector: comparison with a state-of-the-art II/TV system</title> (2002)

The purpose of this research is to establish the technical and clinical image quality of a 30 X 40 cm<SUP>2</SUP> dynamic flat detector (FD) compared to state-of-the-art IITV technology. A Trixell detector for vascular and RF applications is designed for a mixed use of fluoroscopy as well as exposure series and a range of radiographic applications. An RF system has been built which comprises both the FD as well as an IITV detector. This system enables a direct comparison of technical image quality measurements and patient images under exactly the same X-ray conditions. Image quality measurements comprise Detective Quantum Efficiency including transfer characteristics, Modulation Transfer Function, Noise Power Spectrum, lag, Low Frequency Drop and residual signals. Observation tests, using Threshold Contrast Detail Detectability (TCDD) techniques, are performed in order to confirm the results of the technical measurements. Results show a DQE (f) of the flat detector that is higher compared to IITV and above all constant over a wide dose range, the IITV DQE (f) drops at higher dose range due to fixed structure. Furthermore the Low Frequency Drop is substantially smaller in the FD-based system. The TCDD subjective tests show improved system performance in favor of the FD system.
Binding of antithyrotropin receptor autoantibodies in Graves' disease serum to nascent, in vitro translated thyrotropin receptor: ability to map epitopes recognized by antibodies. (1996)

The binding of Graves' disease autoantibodies and xenogeneic antibodies to the human TSH receptor (TSH-R) has been studied using receptor preparations generated in an in vitro transcription and translation reaction. The complementary DNAs encoding for the full-length (764 amino acids) and the extracellular region of TSH-R (amino acids 20-414, lacking the signal sequence) were used to generate the translated receptor antigen. Stable [35S]methionine-labeled nascent protein for full-length and extracellular regions of TSH-R of approximate size 87 and 50 kDa, respectively, together with other smaller proteins were generated. The 87- and 50-kDa translated receptor proteins react by immunoprecipitation analysis with monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antisera, and unfractionated Graves' disease serum containing autoantibody to TSH-R. The translated products of the extracellular TSH-R were examined in detail. Using three well characterized murine monoclonal antibodies whose epitopes encompass the amino-, central, and carboxyl-terminals of the extracellular region of the receptor led to immunochemical identification of the smaller translated products to derive from internal methionine start sites of TSH-R. These smaller, N-terminal-truncated translated proteins were also recognized by polyclonal antisera generated against recombinant TSH-R, thus allowing epitope mapping of some antibodies. A large proportion of Graves' disease autoantibodies (> 70%) bind to the translated extracellular region of TSH-R. This indicates that the majority of pathogenic anti-TSH-R autoantibody binds the nascent translated extracellular region of TSH-R, which is not influenced by the lack of glycosylation of the receptor.
Energy Yield Prediction Model for PV Modules Including Spatial and Temporal Effects (2014)

An optical-thermal-electrical model of a photovoltaic (PV) module is presented, suitable for energy loss analyses and short- and long-term energy yield calculations as a function of ambient conditions (temperature, wind and irradiance). This bottom-up model consists of a thermal and electrical equivalent sub-circuit. The thermal equivalent circuit incorporates the conduction, convection and radiation of heat within and from the PV module. Finite element modelling (FEM) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models and wind tunnel tests were used to calibrate the thermal model, both for spatial and temporal effects. Thermal capacitance and resistance values were extracted from measurement and FEM models and the full thermal model was validate by indoor and outdoor measurements. The 1- diode model was used for the electrical circuit of the cell. The parameters of the electrical model were extracted from flash and steady-state I-V measurements. The thermal sub-circuit was used to calculate the temperature of each cell in the module, and this temperature is then further used to calculate the electrical characteristics of every individual cell. A full model of a Phoenix-Solar-PHX-160 module was constructed and the model was used for energy yield simulations. The result was successfully compared to outdoor measurements.
Spotlit: defences against anxiety in contemporary human service organizations (2018)

Organizational formations and cultures in the twenty-first century are in rapid and radical evolution. In British public sector contexts, the influence of neoliberal market ideologies and practices, encapsulated by New Public Management theory, may be a dominant transnational force intersecting with other local and national traditions and trends. Isabel Menzies Lyth's original thesis about the functioning of social systems as a defence against anxiety was itself developed under specific professional and historical circumstances, and it is also imbued with particular psychoanalytic theoretical presuppositions. The nature and sources of the anxieties with which front-line staff and human service managers must contend have evolved to include a powerful range of extra-organizational forces and pressures. This chapter proposes that the meaningful application of her ideas to contemporary human and public service organizations requires considerable development of the precepts shaping the founding thesis. It draws upon the findings of a small-scale ethnographic empirical study of front-line child protection services.
Non-Thermionic Cathode for High Power Long Pulse, Long Lifetime Magnetrons (2010)

Abstract : Report developed under STTR contract for topic AF08-BT14. There is considerable interest in adapting the conventional Magnetron Oscillator tube for use in High Power Microwave applications. A major obstacle in this is that the conventional thermionic cathode doses not provide acceptable electron emission for operation in the HPM power levels ( 100Mw). In this work, we explore the potential for using arrays of sharpened microscopic carbon fibers to provide field emitted electrons at room temperature and without plasma generation. This study builds on previous work with single carbon fibers in which adequate cold emission was observed. We describe experimental results in which 1 square cm arrays containing approximately 10,000 individual fibers were studied. Initial explosive emission (including plasma formation and diode shorting) was observed. Careful conditioning techniques were developed to suppress this process and to eventually produce very long pulse ( seconds), uniform field emission. The effects of pulse rise time, diode vacuum, Cesium Iodide coating and emission field levels are discussed. Finally, the results of 3 dimensional particle-in- cell simulation of a Magnetron tube geometry are described.
Mutations in Protein-Binding Hot-Spots on the Hub Protein Smad3 Differentially Affect Its Protein Interactions and Smad3-Regulated Gene Expression (2011)

Mutations in protein binding hot-spots on Smad3 reduced the binding to different subsets of interacting proteins and caused a range of quantitative changes in the expression of genes induced by Smad3. This approach should be useful for unraveling which Smad3 protein complexes are critical for specific biological responses.
Tunable surface plasmon devices (2023)

A tunable extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) device wherein the tunability derives from controlled variation of the dielectric constant of a semiconducting material (semiconductor) in evanescent-field contact with a metallic array of sub-wavelength apertures. The surface plasmon resonance wavelength can be changed by changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric material. In embodiments of this invention, the dielectric material is a semiconducting material. The dielectric constant of the semiconducting material in the metal/semiconductor interfacial region is controllably adjusted by adjusting one or more of the semiconductor plasma frequency, the concentration and effective mass of free carriers, and the background high-frequency dielectric constant in the interfacial region. Thermal heating and/or voltage-gated carrier-concentration changes may be used to variably adjust the value of the semiconductor dielectric constant.
Ignition and Reaction Analysis of High Loading Nano-Al/Fluoropolymer Energetic Composite Films (2014)

Abstract : With the recent implementation of nano sized metal powders into energetic composites such as solid rocket propellants, incorporating metal nanoparticles with high mass loading in the propellant has become an issue. In this work, an electrospray deposition technique was employed to increase particle loading of nano aluminum (n-Al) and demonstrate the potential of the fluoropolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as an energetic binder. A mass percentage of 50% n-Al in PVDF was determined to have the optimal combustion qualities when ignited in air. The Al/PVDF energetic nanocomposite film morphologies were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Combustion characteristics of the film were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis/mass spectrometry (TGA/MS) and temperature jump time of flight mass spectrometry (T-jump TOFMS). Ignition temperatures were determined at various pressured in air and argon environments.
75.1: Invited Paper : The Many Roles of Illumination in Information Display (2010)

Abstract Information display occurs when people receive information from human‐influenced light. The information may be literal or symbolic and static or dynamic, and whilethe same basic photometric principles apply for each of the four combinations, they are often viewed differently. Such categorization highlights important opportunities, and a need for further research, especially in cases that lie at the interstices of these natural categories.
High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Enhanced by Solvent Treatment (2013)

A significant enhancement of efficiency in thieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene:[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PC70 BM) solar cells can be achieved by methanol treatment. The effects of methanol treatment are shown in an improvement of built-in voltage, a decrease in series resistance, an enhanced charge-transport property, an accelerated and enlarged charge extraction, and a reduced charge recombination, which induce a simultaneous enhancement in open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) in the devices.