gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Large Dendritic Multiporphyrin Array as a Mimic of the Bacterial Light-Harvesting Antenna Complex: Molecular Design of an Efficient Energy Funnel for Visible Photons (2001)

Auch ohne π-Konjugation gelingen Energiewanderung und -transfer über große Entfernungen: Schnell (kENT=1.04×109 s−1) und effizient (ΦEXT=71 %) ist der Energietransfer von den 28 photoangeregten Zinkporphyrin-Einheiten auf die zentrale freie Porphyrinbase in einer großen, sternenförmigen dendritischen Multiporphyrin-Anordnung, in der die Chromophor-Einheiten durch flexible Ethergruppen verknüpft sind (siehe Bild). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Novel PDE2A Reporter Cell Line: Characterization of the Cellular Activity of PDE Inhibitors (2008)

We report here the generation and pharmacological characterization of a phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) reporter cell line. Human PDE2A was stably transfected in a parental cell line expressing the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor and the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) cation channel CNGA2, acting as the biosensor for intracellular cGMP. In this reporter cell line, cGMP levels can be monitored in real-time via aequorin luminescence stimulated by calcium influx through the CNG channel. By using different PDE inhibitors, we could show that our PDE2A reporter assay specifically monitors PDE2A inhibition with high sensitivity. In the absence of ANP stimulation, the PDE2A selective inhibitors EHNA, BAY 60-7550 and PDP did not increase basal luminescence levels in this experimental setting. However, in combination with ANP, these inhibitors stimulated luminescence signals and induced leftward shifts of ANP concentration-response curves. Similar results were obtained when using IBMX, trequinsin and dipyridamole, which inhibit PDE2A nonselectively with lower potency. PDP, the most potent PDE2A inhibitor known to date, was found to exhibit much lower cellular activity as anticipated from its biochemical PDE2A inhibitory activity. By cellular uptake and transport studies we could show that PDP's cell permeability is low and that the compound is a substrate for an efflux transporter. Other PDE inhibitors including vinpocetine, milrinone, rolipram, sildenafil, zaprinast, BRL 50481 and BAY 73-6691 did not stimulate luminescence signals on our PDE2A reporter cell line. The results imply that this novel PDE2A reporter assay provides an efficient, high throughput means for the identification and characterization of PDE2A inhibitors.
ESR Characterization of Singly-, Doubly-, and Triply-Reduced C84 Isomers. (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTESR Characterization of Singly-, Doubly-, and Triply-Reduced C84 Isomers.Pierre Boulas, M. Thomas Jones, Karl M. Kadish, Rodney S. Ruoff, Donald C. Lorents, and Doris S. TseCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 20, 9393–9394Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00099a092https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00099a092research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed α‐Halogenation of Ketones with 1,3‐Dichloro‐5,5′‐dimethylhydantoin and N‐Bromosuccinimide. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 3112: Prospective immune phenotyping of neuroblastoma children at diagnosis reveals specific immune defects related to the aggressiveness of the disease (2019)

CONTEXT: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Patients with low- and intermediate-risk neuroblastoma (LIRNB) have favorable prognosis and an excellent five-year survival rate of more than 90%. However, in the case of high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB; ~50% of cases), the prognosis of treatment remains unfavorable and the five-year survival rate remains under 40% despite aggressive multi modal therapy. QUESTION: We wanted to know if there was a defect in immune surveillance that could explain part of the aggressive phenotype of HRNB. METHODS: We performed a prospective multi-center study on thirty two new cases of neuroblastoma at all stages. We performed a wide phenotyping of immune cells by flow cytometry in fresh whole blood, and fresh whole bone marrow at diagnosis of children diagnosed for neuroblastoma. Cell counts were performed in order to be able to reason in absolute values (G/L) rather than only percentages. RESULTS: Blood and bone marrow from 20 LIRNB and 12 HRNB were prospectively analyzed. We found that specific subsets of circulating immune cells such as myeloid dendritic cells BDCA-1+, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, Teff/Treg CD4+ T-cells, were decreased in HRNB blood compared to LIRNB groups as opposed to other subsets (e.g iNKT, g9d2 T-cells,⋯). More surprisingly, these differences were not due to defects in cell production as there was no difference found for the same cell populations in the bone marrow between LIRNB and HRNB children.CONCLUSION: Specific immune cell defects are found in the blood from High risk neuroblastoma children that are not present in the blood of low & intermediate risk neuroblastoma children. These defects are not due to bone marrow production impairment. These results suggest that high risk neuroblastoma disease generates an impairment in the immune homeostasis of children. Gene expression analysis of cytokine/chemokine from these neuroblastoma tumors is underway (NCT01295762).Citation Format: Sandrine Susini, Isabelle Rochet, Estelle Verronèse, Christine Bardin, Chantal Rigal, Cécile Conter, Perrine Marec-Bérard, Christophe Bergeron, Audrey Lardy-Cleaud, Séverine Neymarc, Séverine Metzger, Jean-Louis Stephan, Dominique Plantaz, Christophe Caux, Christine Ménétrier-Caux, Aurelien Marabelle. Prospective immune phenotyping of neuroblastoma children at diagnosis reveals specific immune defects related to the aggressiveness of the disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3112.
Protonated base pairs explain the ambiguous pairing properties of O6-methylguanine. (1987)

The base-pairing interactions of promutagenic O6-methylguanine (O6-MeGua) with cytosine and thymine in deuterated chloroform were investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Nucleosides were derivatized at hydroxyl positions with triisopropylsilyl groups to obtain solubility in nonaqueous solvents and to prevent the ribose hydroxyls from forming hydrogen bonds. We were able to observe hydrogen-bonding interactions between nucleic acid bases in a solvent of low dielectric constant, a condition that approximates the hydrophobic interior of the DNA helix. O6-MeGua was observed to form a hydrogen-bonded mispair with thymine. Whereas O6-MeGua did not form hydrogen bonds with cytosine (via usual, wobble, or unusual tautomeric structures), it did form a 1:1 hydrogen-bonded complex with protonated cytosine. The pairing of unprotonated cytosine in chloroform is thus consistent with the known preference of O6-MeGua for thymine over cytosine in polymerase reactions. In contrast, the pairing of protonated cytosine is consistent with the greater stability of oligonucleotide duplexes containing cytosine.O6-MeGua as compared with thymine.O6-MeGua base pairs [Gaffney, B. L., Markey, L. A. & Jones, R. A. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 5686-5691]. Our observation that cytosine must be protonated in order to pair with O6-MeGua suggests that the cytosine.O6-MeGua base pair in DNA is stabilized by protonation of cytosine. Through this mechanism, methylation at the O6 position of guanine in double-stranded DNA could promote cross-strand deamination of cytosine (or 5-methylcytosine) to produce uracil (or thymine).
31P nuclear magnetic resonance and laser spectroscopic analyses of lens transparency during calcium-induced opacification. (1990)

The authors studied the relationships between lens phosphate metabolites and transparency in (1) normal intact calf lenses, (2) whole-lens homogenates, (3) cortical homogenates, and (4) cortical homogenates that were opacified by the addition of calcium. Transparency was measured with the use of laser spectroscopy. Phosphate metabolites and pH were measured with the use of phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy. 31P NMR spectra of fresh whole-lens homogenates and fresh intact lenses were nearly identical. In fresh tissue, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accounted for 59%, 55%, and 61% of the total phosphorus detected in intact lenses, whole-lens homogenates, and cortical homogenates, respectively. As ATP decreased over time to undetectable levels, no loss of transparency was measured, indicating no relationship between ATP levels and lens opacification. In contrast, the authors found that the loss of transparency in cortical homogenates produced by additions of 5, 10, and 20 mM calcium chloride was associated with increased levels of sugar phosphates and glycerol phosphorylcholine and with decreased levels of inorganic phosphate. Loss of cortical transparency was associated with both increases or decreases in pH from the normal value.
Characterization of tissue-simulating polymers for photoacoustic vascular imaging (2014)

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a maturing imaging technique which combines optical excitation and acoustic detection to enable deep tissue sensing for biomedical applications. Optical absorption provides biochemical specificity and high optical contrast while ultrasonic detection provides high spatial resolution and penetration depth. These characteristics make PAT highly suitable as an approach for vascular imaging. However, standard testing methods are needed in order to characterize and compare the performance of these systems. Tissue-mimicking phantoms are commonly used as standard test samples for imaging system development and evaluation due to their repeatable fabrication and tunable properties. The multi-domain mechanism behind PAT necessitates development of phantoms that accurately mimic both acoustic and optical properties of tissues. While a wide variety of materials have been used in the literature, from gelatin and agar hydrogels to silicone, published data indicates that poly(vinyl chloride) plastisol (PVCP) is a promising candidate material for simulating tissue optical and acoustic properties while also providing superior longevity and stability. Critical acoustic properties of PVCP phantoms, including sound velocity and attenuation, were measured using acoustic transmission measurements at multiple frequencies relevant to typical PAT systems. Optical absorption and scattering coefficients of PVCP gels with and without biologically relevant absorbers and scatterers were measured over wavelengths from 500 to 1100 nm. A custom PAT system was developed to assess image contrast in PVCP phantoms containing fluid channels filled with absorbing dye. PVCP demonstrates strong potential as the basis of high-fidelity polymer phantoms for developing and evaluating PAT systems for vascular imaging applications.
Immunohistochemical Detection of VEGF in the Bone Marrow of Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Correlation With the Phase of Disease (2004)

We studied expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in paraffin-embedded bone marrow sections obtained from 15 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP), 3 in accelerated phase (AP), 7 in myeloid blast phase (BP(M)), 6 in lymphoid blast phase (BP(L)), and in 3 normal bone marrow samples. VEGF expression was determined immunohistochemically by using an anti-VEGF antibody. In CML-CP, the distribution of VEGF showed a pattern similar to that of normal marrow. VEGF was expressed in myeloid progenitors and megakaryocytes and less abundantly in mature granulomonocytic cells, whereas erythroid cells did not stain positively for VEGF. In CML-BP(M), myeloblasts expressed substantial amounts of VEGF. By contrast, little if any VEGF was detectable in blast cells in CML-BP(L). VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA) was detected in leukemic cells in CML-BP(M) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, whereas blast cells in CML-BP(L) did not express substantial amounts of VEGF mRNA. Our data show that VEGF is expressed in immature myeloid cells in CML. The extent of VEGF expression depends on the phase of disease and the cell type involved in disease progression.
Thermal stability and magnetization switching in perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (2020)

A micromagnetic study of the thermal stability and magnetization switching by spin-polarized current in Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junctions comprising a four-layer stack of free layer, reference layer, and synthetic antiferromagnets is presented. It is demonstrated that the minimal energy path (MEP)—related to the thermal stability of the system—does not necessarily follow the same trajectory as the current-induced switching. The MEP can be by uniform rotation (UR) or by domain walls (DWs), whereas the current-induced switching can be by UR, DWs, or bubble formation depending on geometrical and stack parameters. The bubble formation is further affected by the direction of switching, i.e., parallel to antiparallel vs antiparallel to parallel switching. We demonstrate the existence of different regimes where the energy barrier and the figure of merit, defined as a ratio between the energy barrier and switching current, show characteristic dependencies and even optimum points depending on the device diameter and the stack parameters. The presented results may explain recent experiments.
Fast optimization of electromagnetics design problems through the CMA evolutionary strategy (2010)

In this paper, this new algorithm is applied to an antenna optimization problem and comparisons are made to a particle swarm technique [3], demonstrating the appealing properties of CMA that make it ideally suited for electromagnetics design.
Comparative experiments on large vocabulary speech recognition (1993)

This paper describes several key experiments in large vocabulay speech recognition. We demonstrate that, counter to our intuitions, given a fixed amount of training speech, the number of training speakers has little effect on the accuracy. We show how much speech is needed for speaker-independent (SI) recognition in order to achieve the same performance as speakerdependent (SD) recognition. We demonstrate that, though the N-Best Paradigm works quite well up to vocabularies of 5,000 words, it begins to break down with 20,000 words and long sentences. We compare the performance of two feature preprocessing algorithms for microphone independence and we describe a new microphone adaptation algorithm based on selection among several codebook transformations.
Antibacterial Activity and Macrophage Activation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (2007)

유산균(Lactic acid bacteria)은 Escherichia coli와 Salmonella typhimurium과 같은 병원균에 항균 활성을 지니며 면역 증강효과를 나타내는 등 건강에 이로운 다양한 역할을 한다. 유산균에 의한 항균 효과는 E. coli와 S. typhiumurium에 대항하는 항균 활성으로 측정되어 졌으며, 면역 증강 효과는 유산균을 처리한 RAW264.7 대식세포의 활성화로 측정하였다. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum의 E. coli와 S. typhimurium에 대한 항균활성은 9시간 이상 혼합 배양하였을 때 가장 좋은 항균효과를 나타내었고 E. coli와 S. typhiumrium 두 균주가 9시간 이후에는 모두 콜로니를 형성하지 않았다. RAW264.7 세포는 유산균에 의한 NO와 TNF-α의 생성과 대식세포의 형태 변화를 알아보기 위한 대식세포로서 이용되었다. NO와 TNF-α의 생성은 유산균을 처리한 RAW264.7세포의 24, 48시간 배양 시 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고 대식세포의 형태 변화 역시 유산균에 의해 영향을 받았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통하여 ㈜쎌바이텍으로부터 분양받은 유산균은 항균활성과 대식세포의 활성을 유도하여 면역을 증강시키는 효과를 지니고 있음을 in vitro 실험을 통해 확인하였다.
Semiautomated High-Sensitivity Profiling of Human Blood Serum Glycoproteins through Lectin Preconcentration and Multidimensional Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2006)

We describe an effective analytical approach to identify trace glycoproteins in a small volume of human serum. The system is based on automatable affinity enrichment through silica-based lectin microcolumns and a further separation of the retained glycoproteins on a reversed-phase liquid chromatography with superficially porous packing, operating at high temperature. The fractionated sample is further directed into a 96-well plate for trypsinization and LC-MS/MS analysis. Using a major-component depleted blood serum (16 microg total protein), we were able to identify 271 glycoproteins through this analytical system.
Re: Innervation of Reconstructed Bladder Above the Level of Spinal Cord Injury for Inducing Micturition by Contractions of the Abdomen-to-Bladder Reflex Arc (2011)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Jan 2011Re: Innervation of Reconstructed Bladder Above the Level of Spinal Cord Injury for Inducing Micturition by Contractions of the Abdomen-to-Bladder Reflex Arc Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(11)60070-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Innervation of Reconstructed Bladder Above the Level of Spinal Cord Injury for Inducing Micturition by Contractions of the Abdomen-to-Bladder Reflex Arc." The Journal of Urology, 185(1), p. 354 © 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 185Issue 1January 2011Page: 354 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
CHAPTER 9. 18O-assisted 31P NMR and Mass Spectrometry for Phosphometabolomic Fingerprinting and Metabolic Monitoring (2014)

Comprehensive characterisation of disease-related metabolomic phenotypes and drug effects requires monitoring metabolite levels and their turnover rates. Tandem application of stable isotope 18O-assisted 31P NMR and mass spectrometric techniques uniquely allow simultaneous measurements of phosphorus-containing metabolite levels and their dynamics in tissue and blood samples. The 18O labelling procedure is based on incorporation of the 18O atom, provided from H218O, into Pi with each act of ATP hydrolysis and the subsequent distribution of 18O-labelled phosphoryls amongst phosphate-carrying molecules. Essentially, all major phosphometabolites and their turnover rates can be quantified using 18O-assisted 31P NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. This technology permits the simultaneous recording of ATP synthesis and utilisation, phosphotransfer fluxes through adenylate kinase, creatine kinase and glycolytic pathways, as well as mitochondrial nucleotide dynamics and glycogen turnover. Another advantage of 18O methodology is that it can measure almost every phosphotransfer and hydrolytic reaction taking place in the cell including the turnover of small pools of signalling molecules, and the dynamics of energetic signal communication. Our studies demonstrate that 18O-assisted 31P NMR/mass spectrometry is a valuable tool for phosphometabolomic and fluxomic profiling of transgenic models of human diseases, providing valuable data which reveals system-wide adaptations in metabolic networks.
Development of an Anti-Biofilm Screening Technique Leads to the Discovery of a Peptoid with Efficacy against Candida albicans (2022)

Bacteria and fungi can secrete and reside within a complex polysaccharide matrix, forming a biofilm that protects these pathogens from the immune response and conventional antibiotics. Because many microbial pathogens grow within biofilms in clinical settings, there is a need for antimicrobial agents effective against biofilm-protected infections. We report the adaptation of a phenotypic high-throughput assay for discovering antimicrobial peptoids toward the screening of combinatorial libraries against established biofilms. This method, termed the Inverted Peptoid Library Agar Diffusion (iPLAD) assay, required optimization of growth media, reducing reagent, and fungal viability reporter. Once optimized, iPLAD was used to screen a combinatorial peptoid library against <i>Candida albicans</i>, a biofilm-forming fungal pathogen responsible for most hospital-acquired infections. This screening resulted in a lipopeptoid termed RMG9-11 with excellent activity against several species of <i>Candida</i>, including drug-resistant strains of <i>C. albicans</i> and the emerging and dangerous <i>C. auris</i>. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of RMG9-11 against several mammalian cell lines was minimal. This work provides a new method for the identification of compounds effective against biofilm-protected pathogens and demonstrates its utility by identifying a promising anti-<i>Candida</i> peptoid.
Changes in Tibiofemoral Kinematics and Kinetics During Stair Ascent After Partial Medial Meniscectomy (2008)

Meniscectomy is a well-known risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) in humans. It has been reported that total meniscectomy increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis radiographically by 14 times after 21 years [1] and that partial meniscectomy increases the risk of developing radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis within 16 years by a factor of four [2]. Two possible functional measures have been suggested as mechanisms for the development and progression of premature knee osteoarthritis: alterations in either kinematics or kinetics. Changes in kinematics, such as a shift in internal-external (IE) rotation after anterior cruciate ligament injury, have been suggested as a basis for an increased rate of cartilage thinning [3]. The other possible reason for the development of premature OA post-meniscectomy is a change in kinetics, the mechanical loading that occurs, particularly in the medial compartment [4]. The knee adduction moment has been associated with the rate of progression of osteoarthritis [5] and it has thus been suggested that the knee adduction moment is a good surrogate measure for in vivo load on the medial compartment osteoarthritis [6].
Sixth Biannual Report of the Cochrane Haematological Malignancies Group Focus on Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2007)

The Cochrane Haematological Malignancies group (CHMG), based at Cologne, Germany, searches continuously and systematically for clinical trials in the field of hemato-oncology.