gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadcasting in Sensor Networks: The Role of Local Information (2006)

Flooding based querying and broadcasting schemes have low hop-delays of Theta(1/R(n)) to reach any node that is a unit distance away, where R(n) is the transmission range of any sensor node. However, in sensor networks with large radio ranges, flooding based broadcasting schemes cause many redundant transmissions leading to a storm problem. In this paper, we study the role of geographic information and state information (i.e., memory of previous messages or transmissions) in reducing the redundant transmissions in the network. We consider three broadcasting schemes with varying levels of local information where nodes have: (i) no geographic or state information, (ii) coarse geographic information about the origin of the broadcast, and (Hi) no geographic information, but remember previously received messages. For each of these network models, we demonstrate localized forwarding algorithms for (based on geography or state information) that achieve significant reductions in the transmission overheads while maintaining hop-delays comparable to flooding based schemes. We also consider the related problem of broadcasting to a set of spatially uniform points in the network (lattice points) in the regime where all nodes have only a local sense of direction and demonstrate an efficient sparse broadcast scheme based on a branching random walk that has a low number of packet transmissions. Thus, our results show that even with very little local information, it is possible to make schemes significantly more efficient.
Continuous Size Classification of Nanoparticles Utilizing Brownian Motion in Microchannel Size Exclusion Chromatography (2007)

Abstract This study presents a new method for classifying the sizes of colloidal nanoparticles of below 100 nm in diameter in liquid dispersion using a microchannel size exclusion chromatography (SEC) chip. This chip can classify polydisperse colloidal nanoparticles containing a mix of two monodisperse nanoparticles into several monodisperse particle populations. The particles classified by the SEC chip are then sequentially analyzed by a photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) method in combination with a flow cell. Two different pillar patterns of such SEC chips were used in experiments to investigate the effects of these patterns on the nanoparticle classification performance. The results obtained were compared with those from a numerical simulation. Standard polystyrene latex particles with diameters of 20 nm and 100 nm were used in this study. The usefulness of this methodology was verified since the simulation and measurement results were in good agreement with each other.
Bounds on uncalibrated array signal processing (2002)

Deterministic constrained Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) are developed for general linear forms in additive white Gaussian noise. The linear form describes a variety of array processing cases, including narrow band sources with a calibrated array, the uncalibrated array cases of instantaneous linear mixing and convolutive mixing, and space-time coding scenarios with multiple transmit and receive antennas. We employ the constrained CRB formulation of Stoica and Ng (IEEE Sig. Proc. Letters, vol.5, no.7, pp.177-179, July 1998), allowing the incorporation of side information into the bounds. This provides a framework for a large variety of scenarios, including semi-blind, constant modulus, known moments or cumulants, and others. The CRBs establish bounds on blind estimation of sources using an uncalibrated array, and facilitates comparison of calibrated and uncalibrated arrays when side information is exploited.
Progress with the ITER project activity in Russia (2015)

Due to the development of the ITER project, the requirements of the technical parameters of the ITER systems were more precisely and practically determined to be at higher levels. The essential increase of the ITER system characteristics happened recently. A number of prototypes were manufactured and tests were carried out. The results of the development and manufacture of 25 ITER systems, subject to the Russian Federation's obligations in the ITER project, are described.
Dynamic Properties of an Extended Polymer in Solution (1999)

Extended polymers are relevant in a variety of situations ranging from the classic coil-stretch problem to recent single molecule polymer experiments with DNA. We present theoretical calculations and computer simulations of the dynamic properties of extended single polymers. We discuss the effects of tension and hydrodynamics on $\ensuremath{\tau}$, the fundamental relaxation time of the polymer, and find that tension dominates the behavior of $\ensuremath{\tau}$. Furthermore, the symmetry breaking caused by extending the polymer ``splits'' $\ensuremath{\tau}$, leading to distinct longitudinal and transverse relaxation times. Our results are in agreement with recent experiments, and we discuss implications for the coil-stretch transition.
ChemInform Abstract: Layered Hydride CaNiGeH with a ZrCuSiAs‐Type Structure: Crystal Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Magnetism Induced by Mn Doping. (2012)

Abstract The new title compound is prepared by hydrogenation of CaNiGe (obtained by arc‐melting of the elements) under 2.0 MPa H 2 (573 K, 40 h).
Exploiting sub-20-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology challenges to design affordable systems-on-chip (2014)

For the past four decades, cost and features have driven complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) scaling. Severe lithography and material limitations seen below the 20-nm node, however, are challenging the fundamental premise of affordable CMOS scaling. Just continuing to co-optimize leaf cell circuit and layout designs with process technology does not enable us to exploit the challenges of sub-20-nm CMOS. For affordable scaling, it is imperative to work past sub-20-nm technology impediments while exploiting its features. To this end, we propose to broaden the scope of design technology co-optimization (DTCO) to be more holistic by including microarchitecture design and computer-aided design, along with circuits, layout, and process technology. Furthermore, we undertook such a holistic DTCO for all critical design elements such as embedded memory, standard cell logic, analog components, and physical synthesis in a 14-nm process. Measurements results from experimental designs in a representative 14-nm process from IBM demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Imputing HbA1c from capillary blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study (2020)

Our calibrated algorithm represents a highly sensitive approach for detecting patients with high-risk diabetes while optimising the allocation of HbA1c testing. Implementation of these methods will optimise the usage of resources devoted to the management of diabetes in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Further external validation with diverse patient populations is required before applying our algorithm more widely.
Ba+2 ion trapping using organic submonolayer for ultra-low background neutrinoless double beta detector (2022)

If neutrinos are their own antiparticles the otherwise-forbidden nuclear reaction known as neutrinoless double beta decay can occur. The very long lifetime expected for these exceptional events makes its detection a daunting task. In order to conduct an almost background-free experiment, the NEXT collaboration is investigating novel synthetic molecular sensors that may capture the Ba dication produced in the decay of certain Xe isotopes in a high-pressure gas experiment. The use of such molecular detectors immobilized on surfaces must be explored in the ultra-dry environment of a xenon gas chamber. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive surface science techniques in ultra-high vacuum, we demonstrate the possibility of employing the so-called Fluorescent Bicolor Indicator as the molecular component of the sensor. We unravel the ion capture process for these molecular indicators immobilized on a surface and explain the origin of the emission fluorescence shift associated to the ion trapping.
An Improved Neural-Network-Based Calibration Method for Aerodynamic Pressure Probes (2003)

Calibration of multihole aerodynamic pressure probe is a compulsory and important step in applying this kind of probe. This paper presents a new neural-network-based method for the calibration of such probe. A new type of evolutionary algorithm, i.e., differential evolution (DE), which is known as one of the most promising novel evolutionary algorithms, is proposed and applied to the training of the neural networks, which is then used to calibrate a multihole probe in the study. Based on the measured probe’s calibration data, a set of multilayered feed-forward neural networks is trained with those data by a modified differential evolution algorithm. The aim of the training is to establish the mapping relations between the port pressures of the probe being calibrated and the properties of the measured flow field. The proposed DE method is illustrated and tested by a real case of calibrating a five-hole probe. The results of numerical simulations show that the new method is feasible and effective.
Study of thermal oxidation and nitrogen annealing of luminescent porous silicon (1994)

The properties of thermally oxidized porous Si were studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The results show that residual hydrogen exists in the 1000 °C/10 min thermally oxidized porous Si film in the form of SiOH bonds. The removal of these hydrogen atoms by annealing at 1000 °C in N2 reduces the photoluminescence.
MaxSynBio: Wege zur Synthese einer Zelle aus nicht lebenden Komponenten (2018)

Abstract Ein großes deutsches Max‐Planck‐Forschungskonsortium (“MaxSynBio”) untersucht lebende Systeme aus fundamentaler Perspektive. Das Forschungsprogramm von MaxSynBio verfolgt dabei ausschließlich einen “Bottom‐up”‐Ansatz in der synthetischen Biologie: Es konzentriert sich auf die detaillierte Analyse und das Verständnis essentieller Lebensprozesse, indem es diese Prozesse als elementare Module in minimalen synthetischen Systemen rekonstituiert. Das ultimative Ziel von MaxSynBio ist es, eine lebende Zelle komplett aus nicht lebenden Komponenten zu konstruieren. Die grundlegenden Erkenntnisse aus den Aktivitäten in MaxSynBio können auf lange Sicht zur Etablierung neuer biotechnologischer Verfahren führen, die auf synthetischen Zellkonstrukten basieren. Langfristig könnten dadurch Organismen ersetzt werden, die derzeit in der konventionellen Biotechnologie Verwendung finden.
Functional analysis reveals differential effects of glutamate and MCH neuropeptide in MCH neurons (2018)

Overall, these data show that the vast majority of MCH neurons are glutamatergic, and that glutamate and MCH signaling mediate partially overlapping functions by these neurons, presumably by activating partially overlapping postsynaptic populations. The diverse functional effects of MCH neurons are thus mediated by a composite of glutamate and MCH signaling.
FPGA infrastructure for the development of augmented reality applications (2007)

In this paper, we describe a platform that aims to help developers on the construction of embedded AR applications. The infrastructure is based on Field Programmable Gate Array and enables the creation of hardware based AR systems, contributing to high speed processing and low power consumption. In addition, the platform uses a componentized design model, where the steps needed to develop an AR application consist in combining the necessary components. A number of image processing algorithms have been implemented and some AR applications have been created using this infrastructure in order to demonstrate the platform capabilities. The performance obtained with the hardware version (at 100 MHz) of the algorithms has also been compared with their software counterparts (at 2 GHz).
Fault-tolerant real-time communication in distributed computing systems (1998)

The delivery delay in a point-to-point packet switching network is difficult to control due to the contention among randomly-arriving packets at each node and multihops a packet must travel between its source and destination. Despite this difficulty, there are an increasing number of applications that require packets to be delivered reliably within prespecified delay bounds. This paper shows how this can be achieved by using real-time channels which make "soft" reservation of network resources to ensure the timely delivery of real-time packets. We first present theoretical results and detailed procedures for the establishment of real-time channels and then show how the basic real-time channels can be enhanced to be fault-tolerant using the multiple disjoint paths between a pair of communicating nodes. The contribution of the former is a tighter schedulability condition which makes more efficient use of network resources than any other existing approaches, and that of the latter is a significant improvement in fault tolerance over the basic real-time channel, which is inherently susceptible to component failures.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effects of Electronic Coupling and Solvent Broadening on the Intervalent Electron Transfer of a Centrosymmetric Mixed‐Valence Complex (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
<title>Miniature Imaging Photon Detector</title> (1982)

A compact, lightweight, photon-counting device with spatial capabilities will be described. Briefly, a photoelectron liberated at the photocathode is relayed, by a proximity focussed lens, to a triple microchannel plate intensifier, of which the first plate is filmed to protect the photocathode from damage by ion feedback. The resultant electron cascade is incident on one of a variety of possible position sensitive encoders. The position of arrival of the original photon is equated with the centroid of this charge cloud. Results obtained with present devices will be presented and major factors which limit the performance of such detectors, in terms of spatial resolution, count rate and lifetime, will be examined. This leads to the prediction of the ultimate limits achievable with practical devices of this nature.
CAA 92 - Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology 1992 - en internationell konferens kring datorer och arkeologi i Aarhus (1992)

CAA 92 - Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology 1992 - en internationell konferens kring datorer och arkeologi i Aarhus
Two-Dimensional Phonon Transport in Supported Graphene (2010)

The reported thermal conductivity (kappa) of suspended graphene, 3000 to 5000 watts per meter per kelvin, exceeds that of diamond and graphite. Thus, graphene can be useful in solving heat dissipation problems such as those in nanoelectronics. However, contact with a substrate could affect the thermal transport properties of graphene. Here, we show experimentally that kappa of monolayer graphene exfoliated on a silicon dioxide support is still as high as about 600 watts per meter per kelvin near room temperature, exceeding those of metals such as copper. It is lower than that of suspended graphene because of phonons leaking across the graphene-support interface and strong interface-scattering of flexural modes, which make a large contribution to kappa in suspended graphene according to a theoretical calculation.
Developmental nicotine exposure affects larval brain size and the adult dopaminergic system of Drosophila melanogaster (2018)

We conclude that developmental nicotine exposure in Drosophila melanogaster affects brain size and the dopaminergic system. Prenatal nicotine exposure in mammals has also been shown to have effects on brain size and in the dopaminergic system. This study further establishes Drosophila melanogaster as model organism to study the effects of developmental nicotine exposure. The genetic and molecular tools available for Drosophila research will allow elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the effects of nicotine exposure during development.
Microwave Sintering Study of NiCuZn Ferrite Ceramics and Devices (2002)

Studies on the sintering behavior, including densification and grain growth of NiCuZn ferrite ceramics were carried out in a microwave field of 2.45 GHz. Compared to conventional sintering, the shrinkage curves of a NiCuZn ferrite system processed by microwave sintering were observed to have shifted towards approximately 100°C lower temperatures. From the analysis of shrinkage data, it was found that the effective activation energy for diffusion under the microwave sintering was lower than those controlled under conventional sintering. In addition, pressed toroidal inductors and multilayer chip inductors (MLCI) have also been sintered by the microwave processing. Although heating rate of the microwave sintering was faster than that of the conventional sintering, the microwave sintered samples were found to be without any visible cracks. The total sintering time was reduced significantly in comparison with the conventional sintering. In both the sintered toroidals and MLCI samples, comparable magnetic properties were obtained.
Evolution to future DWDM centric multi service converged metro network (2014)

This paper reviews the evolution of the metro network architecture from TDM based transport to packet based data transmission. Based on analysis of challenges of existing packet based transportation metro network, as well as new service requirements, a wavelength-based solution is proposed. Enabling component evolution and a brief conclusion are also included.
Cross-Layer Design of Wireless Multihop Random Access Networks (2012)

Joint design of flow control, multipath routing, and random access control is considered for wireless multihop networks. Based on a network utility maximization formulation, Aloha persistence probabilities are optimized together with multicommodity end-to-end rates and per-link flow rates. Although the joint optimization of Aloha and flow control was previously tackled using a convex reformulation, adding the routing component renders the problem inherently nonconvex. To cope with this challenge, a successive convex approximation approach is taken to obtain a locally optimal solution efficiently. A parallelized distributed algorithm is developed, which scales well in the network size and exhibits low computational complexity. An online implementation is also proposed and tested. Numerical examples verify the novel design and highlight the performance advantage over state-of-the-art alternatives.
Antiviral Activity of Antiserum Specific for an Influenza Virus Neuraminidase (1968)

Antiserum specific for influenza A(2) neuraminidase was produced by immunization of rabbits with the purified enzyme which had been isolated by electrophoresis from the proteins of a detergent-disrupted A(0)A(2) influenza virus recombinant [X-7 (F1)]. This recombinant contained hemagglutinin of the A(0) subtype and A(2) neuraminidase. Antiserum to the isolated A(2) neuraminidase did not react in any of four serological tests with A(0) or A(2) subtype viruses that lacked the A(2) enzyme. In contrast, the antiserum inhibited the neuraminidase activity only of wild-type and recombinant viruses containing the A(2) enzyme, regardless of the nature of their hemagglutinin proteins. The antiserum caused hemagglutination-inhibition of some, but not all, viruses bearing the A(2) enzyme, and it reduced the plaque size or plaque number of all viruses tested that contained A(2) neuraminidase. In the chick embryo and in cell culture, low dilutions of antiserum reduced the yield of virus. True neutralization of virus in the chick embryo did not occur. We conclude that an antiserum specific for A(2) neuraminidase influenced the yield and release of virus from influenza virus-infected cells.
A molecule inducing androgen receptor degradation and selectively targeting prostate cancer cells (2019)

Aberrant androgen signaling drives prostate cancer and is targeted by drugs that diminish androgen production or impede androgen-androgen receptor (AR) interaction. Clinical resistance arises from AR overexpression or ligand-independent constitutive activation, suggesting that complete AR elimination could be a novel therapeutic strategy in prostate cancers. IRC117539 is a new molecule that targets AR for proteasomal degradation. Exposure to IRC117539 promotes AR sumoylation and ubiquitination, reminiscent of therapy-induced PML/RARA degradation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Critically, ex vivo, IRC117539-mediated AR degradation induces prostate cancer cell viability loss by inhibiting AR signaling, even in androgen-insensitive cells. This approach may be beneficial for castration-resistant prostate cancer, which remains a clinical issue. In xenograft models, IRC117539 is as potent as enzalutamide in impeding growth, albeit less efficient than expected from ex vivo studies. Unexpectedly, IRC117539 also behaves as a weak proteasome inhibitor, likely explaining its suboptimal efficacy in vivo. Our studies highlight the feasibility of AR targeting for degradation and off-target effects' importance in modulating drug activity in vivo.
Proteomic Alterations and Novel Markers of Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocytes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models (2022)

Astrocytes respond to injury, infection, and inflammation in the central nervous system by acquiring reactive states in which they may become dysfunctional and contribute to disease pathology. A sub-state of reactive astrocytes induced by proinflammatory factors TNF, IL-1α, and C1q ("TIC") has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases as a source of neurotoxicity. Here, we used an established human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model to investigate the surface marker profile and proteome of TIC-induced reactive astrocytes. We propose VCAM1, BST2, ICOSL, HLA-E, PD-L1, and PDPN as putative, novel markers of this reactive sub-state. We found that several of these markers colocalize with GFAP<sup>+</sup> cells in post-mortem samples from people with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, our whole-cells proteomic analysis of TIC-induced reactive astrocytes identified proteins and related pathways primarily linked to potential engagement with peripheral immune cells. Taken together, our findings will serve as new tools to purify reactive astrocyte subtypes and to further explore their involvement in immune responses associated with injury and disease.
Bisphosphonate use in the horse: what is good and what is not? (2019)

Despite the well-characterized health benefits of BP use in humans, little is known regarding the effects of BPs in the horse. In the equine setting, only non-nitrogen-containing BPs are FDA-approved primarily for the treatment of navicular syndrome. The focus here is to discuss the current understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of BPs in equine veterinary medicine and highlight the future utility of these potentially highly beneficial drugs.