gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A High-Strength, Low-Carbon Alloy Steel for Offshore Applications (1985)

ABSTRACT The behavior and properties of ASTM Specification A710 Grade A Class 3 75 ksi (517 MP?) minimum yield strength plate steel are presented. A review of the historical development of this Cu-Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb steel and the metallurgical design of the alloy are reported. The results of production from 11 heats of steel resulting in over 400 plates up to 2-¼in (75 mm) thick are reviewed, indicating the high toughness and strength level of the alloy. More detailed studies are presented for 3 production plates. These properties included tensile, full Charpy-V-notch impact toughness transition and metallographic examinations. Additionally, the elastic-plastic fracture toughness properties of these plates are characterized using both J-1ntegral and crack-tip-opening displacement test methods. These properties were found to be as good, if not better than A633 Grade C steel. The fatigue crack propagation behavior of A710A-3 is found to be similar to A6-3C. A review of the'weldability of this steel is provided, which emphasizes that it is readily fabricated under shop or field conditions. The excellent properties of A710A-3, together with its higher strength and excellent weldability, supports its consideration for offshore structures, where weight savings, fabrication and service performance are most critical. INTRODUCTION Specifications ASTM Specification A710' Grade A(l) applies to structural, high strength (75 ksi {5l7 MFa} minimum yield strength), low carbon, copper precipitation hardened plate steels, which are finding increasing application in offshore structures because of their excellent toughness and weldability. A710A is part of a family of Cu-Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb steels, which have been identified by a number of designations over the years. During its early development in the late 1960's and first commercial production in 1970, the steels were known as IN-7S7*(2-4). ASTM Specifications were subsequently developed for structural (A7IDA) and pressure vessel (A736A) applications over 10 years ago. More recent interest and application of this family of steels by the U.S.Navy as a replacement for HY-SO (M1L-S-16216), has lead to the development of a military specification MIL-S-24645(SH)(5), also initially known as "HSLA-8O". Both A710A and MIL-S-24645(SH) can be produced in three classes, while A736A is available in only two classes. Class 1, as-rolled and aged plates are available to 0.75 in (19 mm) thickness in A7l0A and to 0.3125 in (7.9 rom) thickness in MIL-S-24645(SH). Class 2, normalized and aged plates are obtainable to 0.3125 in (7.9 rom) thickness in MIL-S-24645(SH), while there is no thickness maximum for A710 or A736. Class 3, austentized, quenched in water and aged plates are attainable up to 2.5 in (64 rom) thick in M1L-S-24645(SH), while A71DA and A736A have no thickness maximum. Because of thickness and application requirements, Class 3 plates are of primary concern in offshore structures. For abbreviation, these steels will be referred to as A710A-3 in the remainder of the paper, although differences with the military specification will be noted.
What makes conversations interesting? (2009)

Rich media social networks promote not only creation and consumption of media, but also communication about the posted media item. What causes a conversation to be interesting, that prompts a user to participate in the discussion on a posted video? We conjecture that people participate in conversations when they find the conversation theme interesting, see comments by people whom they are familiar with, or observe an engaging dialogue between two or more people (absorbing back and forth exchange of comments). Importantly, a conversation that is interesting must be consequential - i.e. it must impact the social network itself.
Home birth and hospital birth trends in Bo, Sierra Leone (2012)

As of April 2010, all maternity care at government healthcare facilities in Sierra Leone is provided at no cost to patients. In late 2010, we conducted a community health census of 18 sections of the city of Bo (selected via randomized cluster sampling from 68 total sections). Among the 3421 women with a history of pregnancy who participated in the study, older women most often reported having a history of both home and hospital deliveries, while younger women showed a preference for hospital births. The proportion of lastborn children delivered at a healthcare facility increased from 71.8% of offspring 10-14 years old to 81.1% of those one to nine years old and 87.3% of infants born after April 2010. These findings suggest that the new maternal healthcare initiative has accelerated an existing trend toward a preference for healthcare facility births, at least in some urban parts of Sierra Leone.
Luminescent 3D printed poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties (2023)

Abstract The three‐dimensional (3D) printing of functional composite materials has gained tremendous interest in recent years. Nevertheless, research on 3D printing of luminescent composite materials is very limited, and the mechanical properties of such 3D‐printed composites are poor. Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite that, when 3D printed, exhibits enhanced toughness and high solid‐state fluorescence quantum yield. Incorporation of only 1 wt% pyrene butyric acid modified cellulose nanofibers (PBA‐m‐CNF) and l0 wt% thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) into PLA led to 223% increase in toughness and 21% increase in tensile modulus of PLA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray microcomputed tomography (μ‐CT) analysis of the fractured cross‐sections of 3D printed composites revealed a ductile failure mode. The PLA/PBA‐m‐CNF1/TPU10 3D printed composite also exhibited a high solid‐state fluorescence quantum yield of 38.35%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to show both enhanced mechanical properties and high solid‐state fluorescence emission for 3D printable PLA. Such functional PLA composites could have potential applications in the fabrication of complex‐shaped sensors, optical light pipes, etc.
A Reproducible and Scalable Process for Manufacturing a Pfs48/45 Based Plasmodium falciparum Transmission-Blocking Vaccine (2021)

The cysteine-rich Pfs48/45 protein, a <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> sexual stage surface protein, has been advancing as a candidate antigen for a transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) for malaria. However, Pfs48/45 contains multiple disulfide bonds, that are critical for proper folding and induction of transmission-blocking (TB) antibodies. We have previously shown that R0.6C, a fusion of the 6C domain of Pfs48/45 and a fragment of PfGLURP (R0), expressed in <i>Lactococcus lactis</i>, was properly folded and induced transmission-blocking antibodies. Here we describe the process development and technology transfer of a scalable and reproducible process suitable for R0.6C manufacturing under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). This process resulted in a final purified yield of 25 mg/L, sufficient for clinical evaluation. A panel of analytical assays for release and stability assessment of R0.6C were developed including HPLC, SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting with the conformation-dependent TB mAb45.1. Intact mass analysis of R0.6C confirmed the identity of the product including the three disulfide bonds and the absence of post-translational modifications. Multi-Angle Light Scattering (MALS) coupled to size exclusion chromatography (SEC-MALS), further confirmed that R0.6C was monomeric (~70 kDa) in solution. Lastly, preclinical studies demonstrated that the R0.6C Drug Product (adsorbed to Alhydrogel<sup>®</sup>) elicited functional antibodies in small rodents and that adding Matrix-M<sup>™</sup> adjuvant further increased the functional response. Here, building upon our past work, we filled the gap between laboratory and manufacturing to ready R0.6C for production under cGMP and eventual clinical evaluation as a malaria TB vaccine.
The impact of intratumoral heterogeneity on prognostic biomarkers in localized prostate cancer. (2019)

46 Background: Genomic biomarkers can identify patients that harbour aggressive disease. The utility of these biomarkers is uncertain due to genomic variation between prostate biopsy specimens. To quantify the robustness of genomic biomarkers, we performed spatio-genomic characterization of distinct tumor foci. We scored three validated DNA-based biomarkers of early biochemical recurrence: percentage of genome with a copy number aberration (PGA), a 100-loci biomarker, and an optimized 31- loci biomarker derived from the previous. For each biomarker, we determined their robustness to intratumoral heterogeneity in association with predicting early biochemical recurrence (eBCR; ≤18 months) and long term control (LTC; ≥48 months). Methods: We queried a registry of 1054 patients with high-risk prostate cancer who underwent a radical prostatectomy (RP). We developed a cohort (n = 42) risk matched by clinicopathologic prognostic indices. Half of the patients had eBCR, while the other half had LTC. We profiled multiple tumor foci per patient, analyzing 119 tumor foci. For each focus, CNA profiles were generated, and three biomarker scores were calculated. For each patient and biomarker, we calculated the score of the lowest-score region, the highest-score region, or sampling of all foci and use the mean score. Results: All three biomarkers distinguished LTC from eBCR. PGA scores separated the two groups with an area under the receiver operator curves (AUC) ranging from 0.75-0.80. The 100- and 31-loci signatures, had AUCs ranging from 0.76-0.85 and 0.76-0.80 respectively. Using Cox proportional hazards modeling, we found that PGA was associated with LTC (Hazard ratio (HR) range: 2.56-6.22; p &lt; 0.05. This was replicated for the 100-loci signature (HR range: 3.55-5.23; p &lt; 0.05). The 31-loci detected associations with eBCR independent of how different foci were summarized (log-rank p-value range: 5.1 x 10 -4 - 5.9 x 10 -3 ). Conclusions: Despite divergence in biomarker scores, all three predicted eBCR. Our study suggests that genomic biomarkers can overcome intratumoral heterogeneity, making discrete samples potentially adequate in patients with high-risk disease to determine the risk of eBCR after radical treatment.
Designing Cognitive Radio Terminals (2008)

Ubiquitous broadband communications will be a major asset of future wireless systems, requiring a further evolution of the terminal and infrastructure component design which will need to supporting multiple radio schemes in multiservice environments. Cooperative networking, which sets out from cognitive radio implementations, will facilitate unprecedented flexibility and true multimedia. However, the price pressure mandates high integration efficiency and future proofness at the same time. In this communication, the authors will illustrate the prototyping process for cognitive solutions, which has been proposed by the IST-27960 STREP URANUS (UNIVERSAL RADIO-LINK PLATFORM FOR EFFICIENT USER-CENTRIC ACCESS). URANUS investigates the design of a universal radio link platform able to be incorporated in any existing proprietary and standardized wireless system in a seamless way, to ease the introduction of future personalized communications and reconfigurable air interfaces.
Cloud-Based Three-Dimensional Pattern Analysis and Classification of Proximal Humeral Fractures – A Feasibility Study (2022)

For the complex clinical issue of treatment decision for proximal humeral fractures, dedicated software based on three-dimensional (3D) computer tomography (CT) models would potentially allow for a more accurate fracture classification and help to plan the surgical strategy needed to reduce the fracture in the operating theatre. The aim of this study was to elaborate the feasibility of implementation of such software using state-of-the-art cloud technology to enable access to its functionalities in a distributed manner. Feasibility was studied by implementation of a prototype application, which was tested in a usability study with five biomedical engineers. Implementation of a cloud-based solution was feasible using state-of-the-art technology under application of a specific software architectural approach allowing to distribute computational load between client and server. Mean System Usability Scale (SUS) Score for the developed application was determined to be 63 (StDev 20.4). These results can be interpreted as a medium low usability with high standard deviation of the measured SUS score. We conclude that more test subjects should be included in future studies and the developed application should be evaluated with a representative user group such as orthopaedic shoulder surgeons in a clinical setting.
Prediction of Stroke Onset Is Improved by Relative Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery and Perfusion Imaging Compared to the Visual Diffusion-Weighted Imaging/Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Mismatch (2016)

In patients with unknown stroke onset, the accuracy of predicting time from symptom onset within 4.5 hours is improved by obtaining relative FLAIR and perfusion imaging.
Medication work among nonagenarians: a qualitative study of the Newcastle 85+ cohort participants at 97 years old (2022)

This study has shown a high level of acceptance of the work associated with medications among this group and trust in the prescribers to provide the most appropriate care. Medicines optimisation should build on this trust and be presented as personalised, evidence-based care.
The influence of deep trench and substrate resistance on the latchup robustness in a BiCMOS silicon germanium technology (2004)

This paper will demonstrate the effect of deep trench (DT) on the latchup robustness of an 0.13 /spl mu/m 200 GHz BiCMOS SiGeC HBT technology. Guard ring efficiency is evaluated using deep trench guard ring structures and compared to standard p+ and n-well guard ring structures. The latchup robustness is evaluated using pnpn structures with a deep trench perimeter on the edge of the well structure. Latchup robustness of pnpn structures is evaluated as a function of trench depth where the deep trench serves as a guard ring for the n-well region. Key latchup metrics, such as turn-on, trigger and sustaining voltage and current conditions, for a range of p+/n+ spacings as a function of trench depth, and external well and external substrate resistance is quantified. Trigger contours in a linear-logarithm space of trench depth and substrate resistance form a design space for optimization of latchup. Experimental results show that utilizing deep trench structure, and substrate contact spacing allows for latchup robustness in a low doped p-substrate wafer technology.
Ritonavir Increases CD36, ABCA1 and CYP27 Expression in THP-1 Macrophages (2008)

We propose that ritonavir induces ABCA1 expression in THP-1 macrophages through LXRalpha. The increase in ABCA1 and other cholesterol efflux mediators, such as CYP27, may compensate CD36 induction. Therefore, we suggest that the net effect of ritonavir on macrophages in the absence of lipoproteins is not clearly proatherogenic.
A 2.4GHz WLAN transceiver with fully-integrated highly-linear 1.8V 28.4dBm PA, 34dBm T/R switch, 240MS/s DAC, 320MS/s ADC, and DPLL in 32nm SoC CMOS (2012)

A 2.4GHz WLAN transceiver is presented with a fully-integrated highly-linear 28.4dBm PA, 34dBm T/R switch, 240MS/s DAC and 320MS/s ADC (high OSR for relaxed filtering), DPLL and fractional LOG, in 32nm CMOS. For 802.11g 54Mbps, without linearization the TX delivers 19.8dBm at 12.5% efficiency (PA 21.6dBm/19.7% PAE) for -25dB EVM and mask-compliant 22.8dBm/18.5%, while the RX achieves 4.8dB NF, -69dBm sensitivity, and -8dBm IIP3.
Application of signal analysis techniques for condition monitoring of a wire bonding machine (2002)

This paper investigates the technique to monitor the condition of a wire bonding machine that used in the integrated manufacturing (IC) industry. The machine forms the connection between the bonding pad on the die to the contacts of the leadframe. To ensure consistency in the process, defects in the bondhead subassembly can be monitored from the damping signature. For this purpose, the analysis techniques chosen are the correlation function and power spectrum estimation. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to find the signal analysis technique that can uniquely represent the good from the defective machine signatures.
Sparse Scanning Electron Microscopy Data Acquisition and Deep Neural Networks for Automated Segmentation in Connectomics (2020)

With the growing importance of three-dimensional and very large field of view imaging, acquisition time becomes a serious bottleneck. Additionally, dose reduction is of importance when imaging material like biological tissue that is sensitive to electron radiation. Random sparse scanning can be used in the combination with image reconstruction techniques to reduce the acquisition time or electron dose in scanning electron microscopy. In this study, we demonstrate a workflow that includes data acquisition on a scanning electron microscope, followed by a sparse image reconstruction based on compressive sensing or alternatively using neural networks. Neuron structures are automatically segmented from the reconstructed images using deep learning techniques. We show that the average dwell time per pixel can be reduced by a factor of 2-3, thereby providing a real-life confirmation of previous results on simulated data in one of the key segmentation applications in connectomics and thus demonstrating the feasibility and benefit of random sparse scanning techniques for a specific real-world scenario.
Screening and cell-based assessment of mutations in the Aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) gene (2011)

ARX mutations cause a diverse spectrum of human disorders, ranging from severe brain and genital malformations to non-syndromic intellectual disability (ID). ARX is a transcription factor with multiple domains that include four polyalanine (pA) tracts, the first two of which are frequently expanded by mutations. We progressively screened DNA samples from 613 individuals with ID initially for the most frequent ARX mutations (c.304ins(GCG)(7)'expansion' of pA1 and c.429_452dup 'dup24bp' of pA2). Five hundred samples without pA1 or pA2 mutations had the entire ARX ORF screened by single stranded polymorphism conformation (SSCP) and/or denaturing high pressure liquid chromatography (dHPLC) analysis. Overall, eight families with six mutations in ARX were identified (1.31%): five duplication mutations in pA2 (0.82%) with three new clinical reports of families with the dup24bp and two duplications larger than the dup24bp mutation discovered (dup27bp, dup33bp); and three point mutations (0.6%), including one novel mutation in the homeodomain (c.1074G>T). Four ultraconserved regions distal to ARX (uc466-469) were also screened in a subset of 94 patients, with three unique nucleotide changes identified in two (uc466, uc467). The subcellular localization of full length ARX proteins was assessed for 11 variants. Protein mislocalization increased as a function of pA2 tract length and phenotypic severity, as has been previously suggested for pA1. Similarly, protein mislocalization of the homeodomain mutations also correlated with clinical severity, suggesting an emerging genotype vs cellular phenotype correlation.
Generation and characterization of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated MEN1 knockout BON1 cells: a human pancreatic neuroendocrine cell line (2020)

Among patients with the rare diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (P-NET), a substantial proportion suffer from the inherited cancer syndrome multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), which is caused by germline mutations of the MEN1 suppressor gene. Somatic mutations and loss of the MEN1 protein (menin) are frequently also found in sporadic P-NETs. Thus, a human neuroendocrine pancreatic cell line with biallelic inactivation of MEN1 might be of value for studying tumorigenesis. We used the polyclonal human P-NET cell line BON1, which expresses menin, serotonin, chromogranin A and neurotensin, to generate a monoclonal stable MEN1 knockout BON1 cell line (MEN1-KO-BON1) by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. Changes in morphology, hormone secretion, and proliferation were analyzed, and proteomics were assessed using nanoLC-MS/MS and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The menin-lacking MEN1-KO-BON1 cells had increased chromogranin A production and were smaller, more homogenous, rounder and grew faster than their control counterparts. Proteomic analysis revealed 457 significantly altered proteins, and IPA identified biological functions related to cancer, e.g., posttranslational modification and cell death/survival. Among 39 proteins with at least a two-fold difference in expression, twelve are relevant in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. The stable monoclonal MEN1-KO-BON1 cell line was found to have preserved neuroendocrine differentiation, increased proliferation, and an altered protein profile.
Uplink Power Control and Ergodic Rate Characterization in FD Cellular Networks: A Stochastic Geometry Approach (2019)

Simultaneous co-channel transmission and reception, denoted as in-band full-duplex (FD) communications, has been promoted as a solution to improve the spectral efficiency in wireless networks. For cellular networks, in addition to the existing aggregate interference in half-duplex transmission, the residual self-interference and cross-mode interference [i.e., between uplink (UL) and downlink (DL)] impose major obstacles for FD communications' deployment. Although the FD communication's promising impact on the overall network data rate has been established in the literature, the rate gains are achieved in the DL transmissions at the expense of marginal gain, or even degradation, for the UL transmissions. This paper, therefore, focuses on the analysis of UL ergodic rate in FD cellular networks where a minimum distance between BSs using the same time-frequency resource block is imposed. Hence, the mutually interfering BSs' locations are modeled by Matérn hard core point process. The distribution of the aggregate interference and the channel-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at the UL of a typical user are characterized using a stochastic geometry analysis. Several UL power control techniques are presented and their resulting ergodic rates are derived and compared. The simulation results suggest that the UL performance highly depends on the network parameters and the UL power control techniques.