gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery and Characterization of Potent Thiazoles versus Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2014)

Methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA) infections are growing global health concerns. Structure-activity relationships of phenylthiazoles as a new antimicrobial class have been addressed. We present 10 thiazole derivatives that exhibit strong activity against 18 clinical strains of MRSA and VRSA with acceptable PK profile. Three derivatives revealed an advantage over vancomycin by rapidly eliminating MRSA growth within 6 h, and no derivatives are toxic to HeLa cells at 11 μg/mL.
Ten years follow up of a boy with a complex chromosomal rearrangement: Going from a > 5 to 15‐breakpoint CCR (2002)

Abstract A moderately mentally retarded 10‐year‐old boy of very short stature was found initially to have a complex chromosomal rearrangement (CCR) involving chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8. A balanced twelve‐breakpoint CCR was suggested after extensive investigations including subtelomere FISH, whole chromosome paints, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), multicolor FISH (MFISH), and spectral karyotyping (SKY). SKY and MFISH gave slightly discrepant results. For further clarification of the karyotype, multicolor banding (MCB) analysis and FISH with region‐specific YAC probes were done. This allowed clarification of a sixteen‐fragment CCR to be made, the most complex constitutional chromosomal rearrangement reported so far. Remarkably, two ‘secondary’ insertions originated from the interior of a ‘primary’ insertion by an excision/duplication event. The randomness of the fragments and the complexity of the derivative chromosomes suggest that this CCR is the result of a single meiotic event, e.g., faulty repair of a five‐chromosome knot. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of Curing Mode on the Surface Energy and Sorption/Solubility of Dental Self-Adhesive Resin Cements (2017)

This study investigated the influence of curing mode (dual- or self-cure) on the surface energy and sorption/solubility of four self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) and one conventional resin cement. The degree of conversion (DC) and surface energy parameters including degree of hydrophilicity (DH) were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements, respectively (<i>n</i> = 5). Sorption and solubility were assessed by mass gain or loss after storage in distilled water or lactic acid for 60 days (<i>n</i> = 5). A linear regression model was used to correlate between the results (%DC vs. DH and %DC/DH vs. sorption/solubility). For all materials, the dual-curing consistently produced significantly higher %DC values than the self-curing (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Significant negative linear regressions were established between the %DC and DH in both curing modes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, the SARCs showed higher sorption/solubility values, in particular when immersed in lactic acid, than the conventional resin cement. Linear regression revealed that %DC and DH were negatively and positively correlated with the sorption/solubility values, respectively. Dual-curing of SARCs seems to lower the sorption and/or solubility in comparison with self-curing by increased %DC and occasionally decreased hydrophilicity.
Implementation of reconfigurable mobile device with licensed shared access functionality (2015)

Recently, as the heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been deployed widely to support various kinds of Radio Access Networks(RANs) with a combination of Macro, Pico, and/or Femto cells, research and standardization regarding the concept of Licensed Shared Access (LSA) for supporting spectrum sharing have been very actively performed. Especially, Working Group 1 (WG1) of Technical Committee (TC) Reconfigurable Radio System (RRS) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has been a main driving force for developing a system requirements and use cases for the LSA system, while WG2 has set up a standard architecture of reconfigurable Mobile Device (MD) that can be applied to the LSA system. In this paper, we introduce the reconfigurable MD architecture for supporting LSA-based spectrum sharing. An implementation of a test-bed of reconfigurable MD is presented in order to verify the feasibility of the standard MD architecture for the purpose of LSA-based spectrum sharing through various experimental tests.
Flight Parameter Estimation for Augmented Flight Control System Autonomy (2011)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In the framework of the aircraft global optimization, for future and upcoming programs, current research interests include more Electrical Flight Control System (EFCS) autonomy for a more easy-to-handle aircraft. A possible solution is to increase the number of redundant flight parameter sensors but to the detriment of the aircraft weight and so to the cost and performances. This paper proposes an algorithm using PLS (Partial Least Squares) to estimate a flight parameter from independent sensor measurements. The estimates are then used as so-called “software” or “virtual” sensors, allowing aircraft weight saving. This algorithm is based on an iterative processing and thus can be used in real time in the embedded flight control computer. Furthermore, the resulting flight parameter estimates can be used to detect failures. Different detection strategies are proposed and results show that this method can lead to robust detections.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Relationship between spectral induced polarization and hydraulic properties of saturated and unsaturated sandstone (2005)

There is growing interest in the use of geophysical methods for hydrological model parameterization. Empirical induced polarization (IP)–hydraulic conductivity ( K ) relationships have been developed, but these are only applicable to sediments in which the IP response shows limited variation with electrical current frequency. Here we examine the spectral IP response of samples taken from a UK sandstone aquifer and compare measured parameters with physical and hydraulic properties. We demonstrate the limited value of existing IP‐ K models due to the inherent IP frequency dependence of these samples. Our results show how the mean relaxation time, τ, is a more appropriate measure of IP response for these sediments. A significant inverse correlation between the surface area to pore volume ratio and τ is observed, suggesting that τ is a measure of a characteristic hydraulic length scale. This is supported by a measured strong positive correlation between log τ and log K . Our measurements also reveal evidence of a relationship between τ and a dominant pore throat size, which leads to postulations about the parallelism between the spectral IP behavior and unsaturated hydraulic characteristics. Additional experiments show how the relaxation time is affected by degree of fluid saturation, indicating that saturation levels must be accounted for if our empirical relationships are applied to vadose zone studies. Our results show clear evidence of the potential value of frequency‐based IP measurements for parameterization of groundwater flow models.
Improving mechanical performance and functionality of birch veneer with mechano-enzymatic microfibrillated cellulose coating (2023)

Abstract In this study, we investigated the coating of birch veneers (BVs) with mechano-enzymatically manufactured microfibrillated cellulose (meMFC) to improve mechanical strength and functionality. The meMFC has a broad particle size distribution and similar chemistry to lignocellulose materials, which are both beneficial properties in the coating of wood products. The veneer coating trials were carried out with a spray coating system developed to coat controllable thin coating layers. The spray coating produced uniform layers, which smoothened the BV surface significantly and was verified with scanning electron microscope imaging and optical profilometer measurements. The surface energy measurements showed that the meMFC is like cellulose, whereas the BV is like lignin. This observation proposes pre-treatment methods to secure a good adhesion level between the meMFC and BVs. The adhesion and compatibility of meMFC with the BV surface were measured with pull-off tests and surface energy measurements. The adhesion on a native BV surface was limited, while pre-treatment with sanding or using a primer significantly enhanced the adhesion. The meMFC coating slightly improved the BV transverse tensile strength (perpendicular to the wood veneer grain direction). A thermochromic functionality was installed on the BVs using meMFC as a binder. The produced thermochromic BVs displayed thermochromic behaviour; the coating could control the warming of the BVs subjected to solar radiation. The activation of a photocatalytic reaction of a meMFC coating containing TiO 2 was studied on the wood surface under both ultraviolet and fluorescent light, indicating in a reduction of formaldehyde concentrations. The results also showed that wood discolouration was inhibited by meMFC with not only TiO 2 but also only the meMFC coating. This study presents a practical approach to surface-treating wood materials with the meMFC to improve the mechanical and functional properties of wood products.
Minerva: October 2001 (2001)

The challenge to clinicians caring for men with carcinoma of the prostate is to separate out those with low risk cancers who can simply be watched from those with high risk tumours who need early aggressive treatment. One useful measure (Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2001;76:571-2; 576-81) is the doubling time for the concentration of prostate specific antigen. It seems especially helpful in men whose disease has recurred: a long doubling time is associated with local recurrence whereas a short doubling time suggests systemic recurrence.

Soft drinks are often full of sugar, but cola drinks carry an additional health risk. A report in the Internal Medicine Journal (2001; 31:317-8) describes a patient with chronic caffeine toxicity manifesting as hypokalaemic myopathy. The patient presented with a year's history of muscle weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea. and weight loss. She admitted drinking 8 litres of cola every day for the past two years, amounting to at least 1 g of caffeine daily. Toxicity can occur at levels as low as …
Evaluation of a Library of FDA-Approved Drugs for Their Ability To Potentiate Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens (2019)

The Prestwick library was screened for antibacterial activity or "antibiotic resistance breaker" (ARB) potential against four species of Gram-negative pathogens. Discounting known antibacterials, the screen identified very few ARB hits, which were strain/drug specific. These ARB hits included antimetabolites (zidovudine, floxuridine, didanosine, and gemcitabine), anthracyclines (daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, and epirubicin), and psychoactive drugs (gabapentin, fluspirilene, and oxethazaine). These findings suggest that there are few approved drugs that could be directly repositioned as adjunct antibacterials, and these will need robust testing to validate efficacy.
Tandem system adaptation using multiple linear feature transforms (2013)

Adaptation to speaker and environment changes is an essential part of current automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. In recent years the use of multi-layer percpetrons (MLPs) has become increasingly common in ASR systems. A standard approach to handling speaker differences when using MLPs is to apply a global speaker-specific constrained MLLR (CMLLR) transform to the features prior to training or using the MLP. This paper considers the situation when there are both speaker and channel, communication link, differences in the data. A more powerful transform, front-end CMLLR (FE-CMLLR), is applied to the inputs to the MLP to represent the channel differences. Though global, these FE-CMLLR transforms vary from time-instance to time-instance. Experiments on a channel distorted dialect Arabic conversational speech recognition task indicates the usefulness of adapting MLP features using both CMLLR and FE-CMLLR transforms.
High-Frame-Rate Echocardiography Using Coherent Compounding With Doppler-Based Motion-Compensation (2016)

High-frame-rate ultrasonography based on coherent compounding of unfocused beams can potentially transform the assessment of cardiac function. As it requires successive waves to be combined coherently, this approach is sensitive to high-velocity tissue motion. We investigated coherent compounding of tilted diverging waves, emitted from a 2.5 MHz clinical phased array transducer. To cope with high myocardial velocities, a triangle transmit sequence of diverging waves is proposed, combined with tissue Doppler imaging to perform motion compensation (MoCo). The compound sequence with integrated MoCo was adjusted from simulations and was tested in vitro and in vivo. Realistic myocardial velocities were analyzed in an in vitro spinning disk with anechoic cysts. While a 8 dB decrease (no motion versus high motion) was observed without MoCo, the contrast-to-noise ratio of the cysts was preserved with the MoCo approach. With this method, we could provide high-quality in vivo B-mode cardiac images with tissue Doppler at 250 frames per second. Although the septum and the anterior mitral leaflet were poorly apparent without MoCo, they became well perceptible and well contrasted with MoCo. The septal and lateral mitral annulus velocities determined by tissue Doppler were concordant with those measured by pulsed-wave Doppler with a clinical scanner (r(2)=0.7,y=0.9 x+0.5,N=60) . To conclude, high-contrast echo cardiographic B-mode and tissue Doppler images can be obtained with diverging beams when motion compensation is integrated in the coherent compounding process.
Importance of alignment control during permanent bonding and its impact on via-last alignment for high density 3D interconnects (2016)

As the density of 3D interconnects is increasing exponentially when scaling to lower levels of the interconnect wiring, in most cases 3D interconnect pitches of 5 μm and below will be required. Dielectric wafer to wafer bonding with via last integration can offer these interconnect densities. Wafer-to-wafer alignment and its impact on via last alignment are discussed. By taking into account current alignment tolerances, via last diameters of 1μm enable 2μm pitch TSV interconnection densities. For further scaling the TSV pitch, lower wafer to wafer bonding alignment tolerance are required. Today the best wafer-to-wafer overlay accuracy is around 400nm, but developments are ongoing to reduce this tolerance further to 200nm.
Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Dihydro-1,4-oxathiin-3-carboxanilides through Polymer-bound Activated Ester (1998)

A synthesis of new trifluoromethylated dihydro-1,4-oxathiin-3carboxanilids (2) through polymer-bound activated ester is described.Chlorination of ethyl y,y,y-trifluoroacetoacetate (3) followed by treatment of 2-mercaptoethanol gave hydroxyoxathianes isomers (cis-10 and h.m-11).Replacement of hydroxy to chlorine and then dehydrochlorination afforded trifluoromethyl dihydro-1,4oxathiin ester (7).The polymer-bound trifluoromethylated dihydro-1,4-oxathiin-3carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzophenone ester (16) was prepared through the reaction of polystyrene-bound 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzophenone (14) with the trifluoromethylated dihydro-1,4-oxathiin-3-carbonyl chloride (15).Refluxing of 16 with anilines in acetonitrile gave the corresponding carboxanilide (2).The reaction rate depended on the nucelophilicity of nitrogen in aniline.
Three‐dimensional flow‐independent peripheral angiography (1997)

A magnetization-prepared sequence, T2-Prep-IR, exploits T1, T2, and chemical shift differences to suppress background tissues relative to arterial blood. The resulting flow-independent angiograms depict vessels with any orientation and flow velocity. No extrinsic contrast agent is required. Muscle is the dominant source of background signal in normal volunteers. However, long-T2 deep venous blood and nonvascular fluids such as edema also contribute background signal in some patients. Three sets of imaging parameters are described to address patient-specific contrast requirements. A rapid, spiral-based, three-dimensional readout is utilized to generate high-resolution angiograms of the lower extremities. Comparisons with x-ray angiography and two-dimensional time-of-flight angiography indicate that this flow-independent technique has unique capabilities to accurately depict stenoses and to visualize slow flow and in-plane vessels.
Atomic motion on various surfaces of ceria nanoparticles in comparison (2012)

Aberration corrected HRTEM has been successfully applied to image the atomic motion at the edges and surfaces of nanoparticles of ceria of various types under electron irradiation. Here we identify movements not only on {100} facets, but also on {110} and even {111} facets, previously considered stable. However, the degree of movement varies strongly and HRTEM is evidently the preferred technique to measure relative stability at high spatial resolution as it does not require extended surfaces as in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) or chemical methods. The advantage of aberration correction shows in suppression of contrast from the carbon support films and the absence of delocalisation fringes at particle edges, apart from improving point resolution.
Le temps : mesurable, réversible, insaisissable ? (2020)

Depuis l’Antiquité, la nature du temps a fasciné nombre de grands penseurs. Cet ouvrage expose ce que la physique est capable de dire aujourd’hui sur le sujet. La mesure du temps, ou plus exactement celle d’une durée, se fait grâce à des horloges atomiques dont l’exactitude peut atteindre une seconde sur plusieurs milliards d’années. Nous décrivons la façon dont s’effectue le transfert du temps qui permet la synchronisation d’horloges en différents points de la Terre ou de l’espace au milliardième de seconde près, ou même mieux. Les relativités, restreinte et générale, ont bouleversé notre conception du temps et ont un impact considérable sur certains problèmes de la vie quotidienne comme l’utilisation du GPS. On abandonne l’idée d’un temps absolu, le temps devient multiple et insaisissable, et peutêtre même une illusion. Enfin la flèche du temps, ou l’irréversibilité, implique que les phénomènes physiques se déroulent toujours dans un sens déterminé, en relation avec la croissance de l’entropie. Cependant il est possible dans certaines conditions d’échapper à cette contrainte et de construire un temps réversible grâce aux miroirs à retournement temporel, dont nous décrivons les nombreuses applications pratiques.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Crystallographic Study of α‐Brominated Diketo Tetraquinanes (I)‐(IV). Conformational Effects of the Number of Halogens and Their Position on Bond Length and Solid‐State Conformation. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Metastable fragmentation of somatostatin‐14 (SS‐14) and a series of SS‐14 analogs formed with liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry: Observation of fragment ions which involve unsymmetric disulfide bridge cleavage concomitant with peptide chain cleavage (1992)

Abstract Somatostatin‐14 (SS‐14) and several SS‐14 analogs were analyzed using liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS). The observed isotope distributions showed low levels of [H 2 ‐SS‐14] (reduced SS‐14). The daughter‐ion spectra of the protonated molecule ions of SS‐14 and several SS‐14 analogs contained a number of metastable fragment ions. Two fragments in these spectra were assigned to cleavage of the peptide chain concomitant with unsymmetric cleavage of the disulfide bridge. Single alanine‐substituted analogs of SS‐14 were used to confirm these assignments, while single D isomer‐substituted analogs of SS‐14 were used to investigate the dependence of the cleavages on conformation.
Comparison of iron oxide nanoparticle and microwave hyperthermia alone or combined with cisplatinum in murine breast tumors (2011)

1) Preliminary mNP hyperthermia/cisplatinum results have shown a tumor growth delay greater than either modality alone at comparable doses. 2) mNP hyperthermia delivered 10 minutes post mNP injection and microwave hyperthermia, with the same thermal dose, demonstrate similar treatment efficacy.
Escherichia coli dGTP triphosphohydrolase is inhibited by gene 1.2 protein of bacteriophage T7. (1988)

Escherichia coli has a unique enzyme, deoxyguanosine triphosphate triphosphohydrolase (dGTPase) that cleaves dGTP into deoxyguanosine and tripolyphosphate. An E. coli mutant, optA1, has a 50-fold increased level of the dGTPase (Beauchamp, B.B., and Richardson, C.C. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 85, 2563-2567). Successful infection of E. coli optA1 by bacteriophage T7 is dependent on a 10-kDa protein encoded by gene 1.2 of the phage. In this report we show that the gene 1.2 protein is a specific inhibitor of the E. coli dGTPase. Gene 1.2 protein inhibits dGTPase activity by forming a complex with the dGTPase with an apparent stoichiometry of two monomers of gene 1.2 protein/tetramer of dGTPase. The interaction is reversible with a half-life of the complex of 30 min and an apparent binding constant Ki of 35 nM. The binding of inhibitor of dGTPase is cooperative, indicating allosteric interactions between dGTPase subunits with a Hill coefficient of 1.7. The interaction is modulated differentially by DNA, RNA, and deoxyguanosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate. Both the binding of the substrate dGTP and of the inhibitor gene 1.2 protein induce conformational changes in dGTPase. The conformation of the enzyme in the presence of saturating concentrations of dGTP virtually prevents the association with, and the dissociation from, gene 1.2 protein.
Studies on the Generation of Unnatural C-Nucleosides with 1-Alkynyl-2-deoxy-d-riboses (2007)

1-alkynyl-2-deoxy-D-riboses 7 and 8 were independently synthesized and subsequently used to generate several novel C-nucleosides.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Simple bioseparations using self-cleaving elastin-like polypeptide tags. (2005)

We introduce a new method for the purification of recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli using self-cleaving elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) fusion tags without the need for affinity chromatography or proteolytic tag removal. Using this method we obtained high purity, activity and reasonable yields for ten diverse target proteins. PMID: 16074986