gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of passive components for microwave filters in MCM-D (2002)

The increasing demand for high density packaging technologies and the evolution to mixed digital and analogue devices has been the on-set of increasing research in microwave thin film multi-layer technologies such as the MCM-D technology. In this technology passive components may be integrated in the substrate and combined to realise more complex microwave functions. In this paper a basic comparison and a process parameter sensitivity analysis is made for the transmission line characteristics of interconnections in single layer MIC technology and in thin film MCM technology. For reasons of better accessibility, enhanced phase velocity and reduced process tolerance susceptibility, coplanar lines on MCM show to be advantageous. However, the multi-layered nature offers alternative possibilities to implement passive components. In this way a coplanar floating patch capacitor is introduced. Other passive components, such as thin film NiCr resistors, high quality spiral and line inductors and other types of capacitors are discussed. These passives have been combined to realise integrated passive filter functions, of which an example is shown.
Streaming on-Device Detection of Device Directed Speech from Voice and Touch-Based Invocation (2022)

When interacting with smart devices such as mobile-phones or wearables, the user typically invokes a virtual assistant (VA) by saying a keyword or by pressing a button on the device. However, in many cases, the VA can accidentally be invoked by the keyword-like speech or accidental button press, which may have implications on user experience and privacy. To this end, we propose an acoustic false-trigger-mitigation (FTM) approach for on-device device-directed speech detection that simultaneously handles the voice-trigger and touch-based invocation. To facilitate the model deployment on-device, we introduce a new streaming decision layer, derived using the notion of temporal convolutional networks (TCN) [1], known for their computational efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that can detect device-directed speech from more than one invocation type in a streaming fashion. We compare this approach with streaming alternatives based on vanilla Average layer, and canonical LSTMs, and show: (i) that all the models show only a small degradation in accuracy compared with the invocation-specific models, and (ii) that the newly introduced streaming TCN consistently performs better or comparable with the alternatives, while mitigating device-undirected speech faster in time, and with (relative) reduction in runtime peak-memory over the LSTM-based approach of 33% vs. 7%, when compared to a non-streaming counterpart.
How Technology Creates Markets (2018)

Technological progress is often associated with the creation of novel and useful products through innovation and ingenuity. Yet in several emerging markets, including low-income economies, it is often more common to adopt, adapt, and scale technologies created elsewhere.By doing so, private enterprises in these countries could use technology to create markets and expand their product and service offerings to unserved and underserved residents, a process that produces new customers, buyers, sellers, and employees. This transforms the pursuit of profits into a driver of economic growth, as well as higher productivity and living standards, and gives technology a central role in emerging market development.
The Thermal Resistance of High-Power Semiconductor Disk Lasers (2015)

We present a model for the simulation of the thermal resistance of flip-chip bonded vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers based on the finite-element method. Therefore, we take on and deepen precedent models with regard to three modifications. Our model for the first time comprises the complete heat removal, incorporates temperature-dependent heat conductivity of the diamond heat spreader and features the consideration of the exact pump distribution. The simulations are accompanied by an extensive experimental investigation of four gain chips. Thereby, a high accuracy of our simulations is confirmed. In addition, we use our model in order to investigate the influence of a ternary distributed Bragg reflector, which lacks in pump light absorption and the subsequent additional heating. Recently, this model was used to push the output power of vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers beyond 100 W.
Separation of Americium by Liquid-Liquid Extraction using Diglycolamides Complexing Agents (2016)

International audience
(1-28) A Numerical Simulation of Diesel Fuel Spray by LES((FS-3)Fuel Sprays 3-Modeling) (2001)

To clarify the correlation between the motion of large-scale vortices and the uneven distribution of fuel in diesel sprays, a transient non-evaporating spray was analyzed by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Because LES can describe large-scale vortices formed in turbulent shear flow of high Reynolds number, the numerical method was used for the simulation of transient spray phenomena. The calculated distributions of fuel mass concentration and vorticity of gas phase showed that high concentration region is distributed in periphery of large-scale vortices. This result indicates that the branch-like distribution that has been observed in an actual diesel spray is induced by the large-scale vortices formed in the spray. The predicted distribution of local Sauter mean diameter of fuel droplets showed that the larger fuel droplets are gathered in spray periphery. This trend in the distribution of mean size of droplets corresponds with experimental data obtained by Yeh et al. The comparison among the distribution of fuel mass concentration in different ranges of Stokes number (St) showed that fuel droplets in a range of St < 1 are distributed inside the vortices, while fuel droplets in a range of St > 1 tends to gather in the periphery of vortices. The correlation between the motion of large-scale vortices and fuel droplets distribution are weaker in the case of St > 100 than that of St < 100. This is due to that the fuel droplets of larger Stokes numbers are transported outside by centrifugal force of large-scale vortices.
Minimizing the differential delay for virtually concatenated Ethernet over SONET systems (2005)

We consider the problem of minimizing the differential delay in a virtually concatenated Ethernet over SONET (EoS) system by suitable path selection. The link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS) enables network service providers to dynamically add STS-n channels to or drop them from a virtually concatenated group (VCG). A new STS-n channel can be added to the VCG provided that the differential delay between the new STS-n channel and the existing STS-n channels in the VCG is within a certain bound that reflects the available memory buffer supported by the EoS system. We model the problem of finding such a STS-n channel as a constrained path selection problem where the cost of the required (feasible) path is constrained not only by an upper bound but also by a lower bound. We propose two algorithms to find such a path. Algorithm I uses the well-known k-shortest-path algorithm. Algorithm II is based on a modified link metric that linearly combines the original link weight (the link delay) and the inverse of that weight. The theoretical properties of such a metric are studied and used to develop a highly efficient heuristic for path selection. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of both algorithms in terms of the miss rate and the execution time (average computational complexity).
Not all vaping is the same: differential pulmonary effects of vaping cannabidiol versus nicotine (2023)

Vaping of CBD induces a potent inflammatory response and leads to more pathological changes associated with lung injury than vaping of nicotine.
Advances in 2D/3D Printing of Functional Nanomaterials and Their Applications (2015)

Advanced printing techniques include innovative and/or integrated processes that are used to produce an object with enhanced functionality and with a wide range of applications. This is done by realizing printing of functional materials such as ink, paste, polymer, ceramic powder, and organic materials. Unlike conventional manufacturing methods, a new technique is needed to manipulate small objects to fabricate desired parts, as materials are scaled down to the nanometer range. In this regard, the traditional subtractive production has been changed to a bottom-up approach as device structures have changed to multilayer structures which contain several functional nanomaterials. A powder is used to fabricate an object with a desired geometry. This reduces the material loss due to the bottom-up nature of the process. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge for advanced manufacturing using two methods, 3D printing and roll-to-roll manufacturing. Several applications of 3D printing and nanotechnological development are also being considered here.
Bone morphology changes around two types of bone‐level implants installed in fresh extraction sockets – a histomorphometric study in Beagle dogs (2014)

This study showed that Straumann Bone Level and OsseoSpeed implants induced similar bone response after immediate implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. The immediate implant placement resulted in peri-implant crestal bone-level changes for both types of implants.
HyLine: a Simple and Practical Flow Scheduling for Commodity Datacenters (2018)

Today's datacenter networks (DCNs) have been built upon multipath topologies where each path contains multiple links. However, flow scheduling schemes proposed to minimize flow completion times (FCT) in DCNs are based on algorithms which are optimum or close-to-optimum only over single link. Moreover, most of these scheduling schemes seek either fully centralized approaches having overhead of communicating to a central entity or fully distributed approaches requiring changes in the fabric. Motivated by these shortcomings, we present HyLine a simple scheduling design for commodity DCNs which is equipped with a joint load-balancing and flow scheduling (path-aware) design exploiting the multipath nature of DCNs. HyLine takes a hybrid approach and uses the global-awareness of centralized and agility of distributed techniques without requiring any changes in the fabric. To that end, it determines a threshold margin identifying flows for which using centralized approach is beneficial. We have shown through extensive ns2 simulations that despite HyLine's simplicity, it significantly outperforms existing schemes and achieves lower average and 99th percentile FCTs. For instance, compared to Qjump-state-of-the-art practical scheme-and pFabric-one of the best performing flow scheduling schemes-HyLine reduces average FCT up to 68% and 31%, respectively, under a production datacenter workload.
High-resolution laser-projection display system using a grating electromechanical system (GEMS) (2004)

Eastman Kodak Company has developed a diffractive-MEMS spatial-light modulator for use in printing and display applications, the grating electromechanical system (GEMS). This modulator contains a linear array of pixels capable of high-speed digital operation, high optical contrast, and good efficiency. The device operation is based on deflection of electromechanical ribbons suspended above a silicon substrate by a series of intermediate supports. When electrostatically actuated, the ribbons conform to the supporting substructure to produce a surface-relief phase grating over a wide active region. The device is designed to be binary, switching between a reflective mirror state having suspended ribbons and a diffractive grating state having ribbons in contact with substrate features. Switching times of less than 50 nanoseconds with sub-nanosecond jitter are made possible by reliable contact-mode operation. The GEMS device can be used as a high-speed digital-optical modulator for a laser-projection display system by collecting the diffracted orders and taking advantage of the low jitter. A color channel is created using a linear array of individually addressable GEMS pixels. A two-dimensional image is produced by sweeping the line image of the array, created by the projection optics, across the display screen. Gray levels in the image are formed using pulse-width modulation (PWM). A high-resolution projection display was developed using three 1080-pixel devices illuminated by red, green, and blue laser-color primaries. The result is an HDTV-format display capable of producing stunning still and motion images with very wide color gamut.
Multifunctional Antibiotic–Host Defense Peptide Conjugate Kills Bacteria, Eradicates Biofilms, and Modulates the Innate Immune Response (2021)

Effective anti-infective therapies are required to offset the rise in antibiotic resistance. A novel vancomycin-innate defense regulator conjugate (V-IDR1018) was constructed with multimodal functionality, including bacterial killing, biofilm eradication, and immune modulation. The conjugate killed bacteria within 30 min, exhibited potent activity against persister cells, and showed no susceptibility to antimicrobial resistance in tissue culture assays. Additionally, it stimulated the release of chemokine MCP-1 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and suppressed pro-inflammatory IL-1β from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated white blood cells. The conjugate demonstrated ∼90% eradication efficacy when assessed against the MRSA biofilm formed on an organoid human skin equivalent. Similarly, when evaluated in a murine, high-density skin abscess infection model using MRSA or <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, the conjugate decreased dermonecrosis and reduced bacterial load. The exceptional <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> efficacy of the conjugate, in addition to its safety profile, makes it a valuable candidate to treat complex infectious diseases.
Nonlinear refraction from χ(2):χ(2) in KTP (1991)

We describe the cascading of two second-order nonlinearities [χ (2) :χ (2) ] to produce an effective third-order nonlinearity in KTP. 1 This nonlinearity appears as either an irradiance dependent loss or phase distortion on the incident fundamental beam. The loss mechanism is simply the depletion of the fundamental due to second-harmonic generation. For low conversion efficiencies the loss of the fundamental is proportional to irradiance and appears as an effective Im[χ (3) ] (i.e., as two-photon absorption). The refractive part of the nonlinearity [i.e., Reχ (3) ] is less well known and usually ignored since it occurs off phase matching where Δ kL ≠ 0. This effect gives rise to either a phase advance or phase delay depending on the sign of Δ kL. In the experiment, we use a hydrothermally grown KTP sample of length L = 1 mm cut for type II SHG of 1064 nm and monitor the induced phase change of the incident fundamental beam using the Z-scan technique. 2 The sign of the nonlinear refractive index changes sign as the angle tuned KTP sample is rotated through phase matching in accordance with theory. The experiment gives a maximum effective nonlinear refractive index n 2 ≃±1 × 10 -11 esu (±2 × 10 -14 cm 2 /W) for an angle detuning of ±5°. This index scales with L and ( d eff ) 2 where we measure d eff (KTP) = 3.1 pm/V.
Heteroepitaxial growth of ε-Ga<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> thin films on cubic (111) GGG substrates by mist chemical vapor deposition (2017)

We demonstrated that heteroepitaxial ε-Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> thin films can be grown on (111) GGG substrates by mist CVD. The out-of-plane and in-plane epitaxial relationship between the ε-Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> thin film and the (111) GGG substrate was determined to be (0001) ε-Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> [10-10] // (111) GGG [-1-12] by XRD 2θ-ω and φ scanning. This is the first report on heteroepitaxial growth of ε-Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> thin films on (111) GGG substrates by mist CVD.
Synthesis of polydentate ligands with homochiral phosphine centers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of polydentate ligands with homochiral phosphine centersCarl R. Johnson and Tsuneo ImamotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 11, 2170–2174Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00387a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00387a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Syllabus EE330 Electromagnetics (2020)

Concepts covered in the undergraduate electrical engineering class of electromagnetics
Unraveling the charge transfer/electron transport in mesoporous semiconductive TiO2 films by voltabsorptometry (2015)

In this work, we demonstrate that chronoabsorptometry and more specifically cyclic voltabsorptometry are particularly well suited techniques for acquiring a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of electron transfer/charge transport within a transparent mesoporous semiconductive metal oxide film loaded with a redox-active dye. This is illustrated with the quantitative analysis of the spectroelectrochemical responses of two distinct heme-based redox probes adsorbed in highly-ordered mesoporous TiO2 thin films (prepared from evaporation-induced self-assembly, EISA). On the basis of a finite linear diffusion-reaction model as well as the establishment of the analytical expressions governing the limiting cases, it was possible to quantitatively analyse, predict and interpret the unusual voltabsorptometric responses of the adsorbed redox species as a function of the potential applied to the semiconductive film (i.e., as a function of the transition from an insulating to a conductive state or vice versa). In particular, we were able to accurately determine the interfacial charge transfer rates between the adsorbed redox species and the porous semiconductor. Another important and unexpected finding, inferred from the voltabsorptograms, is an interfacial electron transfer process predominantly governed by the extended conduction band states of the EISA TiO2 film and not by the localized traps in the bandgap. This is a significant result that contrasts those previously observed for dye-sensitized solar cells formed of randomly sintered TiO2 nanoparticles, a behaviour that was ascribed to a particularly low density of localized surface states in EISA TiO2. The present methodology also provides a unique and straightforward access to an activation-driving force relationship according to the Marcus theory, thus opening new opportunities not only to investigate the driving-force effects on electron recombination dynamics in dye-sensitized solar cells but also to study the electron transfer/transport mechanisms in heterogeneous photoelectrocatalytic systems combining nanostructured semiconductor electrodes and heterogeneous redox-active catalysts.
Development of Novel Blue Light-emitting Polymers for PLED (2003)

Various kinds of conjugated polymers of arylene vinylene and arylene units have successfully been synthesized. They are suitable for light-emitting materials of PLED. Although some of them showed blue emission, they are not sufficient for practical displays. We have been researching on blue polymers and developed some novel blue polymers.
Building the Human Vaccines Project: strategic management recommendations and summary report of the 15–16 July 2014 business workshop (2015)

The Human Vaccines Project is a bold new initiative, with the goal of solving the principal scientific problem impeding vaccine development for infectious diseases and cancers: the generation of specific, broad, potent and durable immune responses in humans. In the July 2014 workshop, 20 leaders from the public and private sectors came together to give input on strategic business issues for the creation of the Human Vaccines Project. Participants recommended the Project to be established as a nonprofit public-private partnership, structured as a global R&D consortium closely engaged with industrial partners, and located/affiliated with one or more major academic centers conducting vaccine R&D. If successful, participants concluded that the Project could greatly accelerate the development of new and improved vaccines, with the potential to transform disease prevention in the 21st century.
Anytime Game-Theoretic Planning with Active Reasoning About Humans’ Latent States for Human-Centered Robots (2021)

A human-centered robot needs to reason about the cognitive limitation and potential irrationality of its human partner to achieve seamless interactions. This paper proposes an anytime game-theoretic planner that integrates iterative reasoning models, a partially observable Markov decision process, and chance-constrained Monte-Carlo belief tree search for robot behavioral planning. Our planner enables a robot to safely and actively reason about its human partner’s latent cognitive states (bounded intelligence and irrationality) in real-time to maximize its utility better. We validate our approach in an autonomous driving domain where our behavioral planner and a low-level motion controller hierarchically control an autonomous car to negotiate traffic merges. Simulations and user studies are conducted to show our planner’s effectiveness.