gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of monoclonal mouse cytotoxic T lymphocytes with specificity for HLA-A,B or -DR alloantigens. (1982)

Abstract Clones of mouse CTL were produced that specifically recognize human HLA-A2, -B7, -DR4, or -DR6 alloantigens. Specificity and cross-reactivity were defined by using a panel of human lymphoblastoid lines expressing a large number of serologically distinct HLA antigens, as well as by antiserum blocking of target cell lysis. Individual clones specific for HLA-A2 showed a highly restricted pattern of lysis on a target cell panel; in some cases, the same pattern was observed in several different clones. Similar results were observed for HLA-B7-specific clones; additionally, these clones demonstrated cross-reactivity on cells bearing the serologically related B27 and B40 antigens. The results suggest that anti-A2 and -B7 xenogeneic CTL are recognizing determinants related to those defined by human alloantisera. In contrast, CTL clones specific for HLA-DR antigens exhibited a wide spectrum of reactivity patterns, ranging from highly specific for DR4 or DR6, to broadly cross-reactive on DR1 through DR8. This complexity probably reflects the recognition of many distinct determinants on HLA-DR antigens, including ‘public’ determinants such as the MT series. Several clones selected for further characterization showed high lytic efficiencies, but these varied in different clones over a 10-fold range. This difference was not related to growth rate, saturation density, or antigen specificity, and could reflect differences either in affinity or in cytotoxic activity. Lyt phenotyping of these clones by fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that both anti-HLA-A,B and anti-HLA-DR clones expressed high levels of Lyt-2 antigen but virtually undetectable levels of Lyt-1. This result indicates that recognition of class II MHC products by cytotoxic T cells is not linked to the expression of Lyt-1 antigen. The availability of these clones should prove useful in studying the interaction of histocompatibility antigens with T lymphocytes, as well as in determining the regions of HLA molecules that are important for T cell recognition.
Supplementary File 11 from Genome-Wide Functional Synergy between Amplified and Mutated Genes in Human Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary File 11 from Genome-Wide Functional Synergy between Amplified and Mutated Genes in Human Breast Cancer
Modeling of STT-MTJ for low power embedded memory applications: A comparative review (2013)

Spin Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) has emerged as a potential candidate for universal memory. The lack of comprehensive electrical modeling for the device is hindering the adaption and design space exploration of the device. In this paper, we investigate the existing models of Spin Transfer Torque - Magnetic Tunnel Junction (STT-MTJ) along with the different implementation tools available (Spice, Verilog-A, Micro-Magnetic Simulator). The study will select the model which most resembles the device's physical parameters including static and dynamic stochastic intrinsic properties. In addition, the selected model is used to investigate several design techniques that can improve power reduction for embedded applications.
Abstract 695: The Quality Of Cell Isolation Determines Left Ventricular Contractile Recovery After Intracoronary Administration Of Bone Marrow-derived Progenitor Cells In Patients With AMI - Insights from the REPAIR-AMI Trial (2007)

The REPAIR-AMI trial demonstrated that intracoronary (i.c.) infusion of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells (BMC) in patients (pts) with AMI is associated with a significantly greater recovery of ...
Photochemical curing of epoxies in the liquid-crystalline state (1994)

In this work the cationic photoinduced crosslinking of the diglycidylether of 4-hydroxyphenyl-4'-hydroxybenzoate was investigated in the liquid crystalline state as well as in the isotropic state. The photochemical curing technique was applied because only small amounts of the initiating species were necessary to form networks of epoxy compounds. As the photoinitiator system, a mixture of (alpha) , (alpha) '- dimethoxydeoxybenzoin and dicumyliodonium-hexafluorophosphate proved to be the most effective. FTIR-spectra of the networks were compared with those of the starting material. Only small amounts of nonreacted epoxy groups were found in the networks synthesized either in the isotropic state or in the liquid crystalline state. Furthermore, different results were obtained with DSC-measurements. Networks prepared in the liquid crystalline state showed two glass transition temperatures. In contrast, networks synthesized in the isotropic state have only one glass transition temperature. Moreover, polarization microscopy was used to find ordered structures. The networks formed in the liquid crystalline state showed frozen ordered structures. Heating of such networks above the melting point of the starting material did not lead to a change of the frozen ordered structures. Additionally, differences between the frozen ordered structure of the networks and the crystalline structure of the starting compound were observed by this method. Finally, the material properties of networks with ordered structures are different from common networks with disordered structures.
High speed in situ depth profiling of ultrafast micromachining (2007)

We demonstrate real-time depth profiling of ultrafast micromachining of stainless steel at scan rates of 46 kHz. The broad bandwidth and high power of the light source allows for simultaneous machining and coaxial Fourier-domain interferometric imaging of the ablation surface with depth resolutions of 6 mum. Since the same light is used to machine as to probe, spatial and temporal synchronization are automatic.
Input-level-dependent approach to color error diffusion (2003)

Conventional grayscale error diffusion halftoning produces worms and other objectionable artifacts. Tone dependent error diffusion (Li and Allebach) reduces these artifacts by controlling the diffusion of quantization errors based on the input graylevel. Li and Allebach optimize error filter weights and thresholds for each (input) graylevel based on a human visual system model. This paper extends tone dependent error diffusion to color. In color error diffusion, what color to render becomes a major concern in addition to finding optimal dot patterns. We present a visually optimum design approach for input level (tone) dependent error filters (for each color plane). The resulting halftones reduce traditional error diffusion artifacts and achieve greater accuracy in color rendition.
A Biohybrid Dynamic Random Access Memory (2006)

We report that GABA(A) receptors in a patch-clamped biological cell form a short-term memory circuit when integrated with a scanning-probe microfluidic device. Laminar patterns of receptor activators (agonists) provided by the microfluidic device define and periodically update the data input which is read and stored by the receptors as state distributions (based on intrinsic multistate kinetics). The memory is discharged over time and lasts for seconds to minutes depending on the input function. The function of the memory can be represented by an equivalent electronic circuit with striking similarity in function to a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) used in electronic computers. Multiplexed biohybrid memories may form the basis of large-scale integrated biocomputational/sensor devices with the curious ability to use chemical signals including odorants, neurotransmitters, chemical and biological warfare agents, and many more as input signals.
DNA‐based prenatal diagnosis of the infantile form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL, CLN1) (1991)

Eleven fetuses at risk for the infantile form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL, CLN1) were studied using DNA markers and the results were compared with the results of electron microscopy (EM) of chorionic villus specimens from pregnancies in the first or early second trimester of pregnancy. In four cases, the prenatal diagnosis was made independently with both methods, and in seven cases, the EM diagnosis was confirmed postnatally or from autopsy material using RFLP analysis. The two methods gave concordant results in all cases. The DNA analysis based on RFLP haplotypes also for the first time facilitates reliable carrier diagnostics. RFLP analysis based on polymorphic markers closely linked to the INCL locus is now available for prenatal diagnosis of this fatal brain disease, whose biochemical background is totally unknown and for which no treatment is available.
Hierarchical Nested Surface Channels for Reduced Particle Stacking and Low-Resistance Thermal Interfaces (2007)

This paper reports on the improvement of thermal interfaces through the control of particle stacking during bondline formation. Particle stacking occurs in highly filled materials due to pressure gradients developing during squeeze flow over a rectangular surface, resulting in non-uniform interface properties and thick bondlines with a large thermal resistance. Nested surface channel designs are presented to create a uniform pressure drop as interface material flows across a rectangular surface. Reductions in thermal resistance of 2-3times compared with that of flat surfaces are demonstrated with similar reductions in bondline thickness and assembly pressure. We obtained thermal resistances as low as 2 Kmm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /W for thin bondlines (< 5 mum). Comparative power-cycling results also demonstrate improved reliability against paste pump-out with nested channel interfaces.
Design and Performance of a Thermal Neutron Imaging Facility at the North Carolina State University PULSTAR Reactor (2006)

A thermal neutron imaging facility has been set up at the North Carolina State University PULSTAR reactor. The PULSTAR is an open pool light water moderated 1 MWth research reactor with six beam tubes. The present facility is set up on beam tube # 5 of the reactor. The facility is intended to have radiographic and tomographic capabilities. The design of the neutron collimator was performed using MCNP5. The collimator includes a 4-in bismuth filter followed by a 6-in single-crystal sapphire filter. Thermal neutron scattering cross-section libraries for sapphire and bismuth were generated and used in the MCNP simulation of the system. Based on the current design, the L/D of the facility ranges between 100 and 150. The neutron flux at the image plane can be varied from 1.8times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> to 7times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> n/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> middots with a Cd-ratio of ~450. The resolution of the system for different imaging media was also estimated and found to be ~33 mum for conventional radiography film and ~110 mum for digital image plates. Initial measurements, using ASTM standards, show that the imaging facility achieves a beam quality classification of I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sup>
Supplementary Figure 5 from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Regulates Tumor Invasion by Coupling Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling to Extracellular Matrix Degradation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 5 from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Regulates Tumor Invasion by Coupling Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling to Extracellular Matrix Degradation
Economic viability for residential battery storage systems in grid‐connected PV plants (2017)

Today's residential battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are off the shelf products used to increase the self‐consumption of residential photovoltaic (PV) plants and to reduce the losses related to energy transfer in distribution grids. This work investigates the economic viability of adding a BESS to a residential grid‐connected PV plant by using a methodology for optimising the size of the BESS. The identification of the optimal size which minimises the total cost of the system is not trivial; indeed, it is a trade‐off between OPEX and CAPEX, which are mainly affected by the battery technology, usage profile, expected lifetime, and efficiency. Here, an analysis of the opportunity to install a storage system together with a grid‐connected residential PV plant is performed. Three typical low‐voltage prosumers (Italy, Switzerland, and the UK) are investigated in order to take into account the different legislative and tariff framework over Europe. Numerical results reported here show that present costs of storages are still too high to allow an economic convenience of the storage installation. Moreover, an indication of the necessary incentives to allow the spreading of these systems is given.
Economic risk analysis for the capture of a distributed energy resource using modular chemical process intensification (2021)

Abstract Recent advances in the chemical process industry have allowed for the intensification of reactors and unit operations, by enhancing heat and mass transfer or combining multiple unit operations. Process intensification can enable chemical plants to be constructed in a more compact, modular fashion, offering improvements over conventional on‐site approaches to capital construction, operations and maintenance. This modular chemical process intensification (MCPI) offers several benefits over conventional stick‐built (CSB) plant construction in terms of reduced footprint, reduced energy consumption, lower cost, less waste and improved safety and quality control. However, acceptance of MCPI over CSB construction practices within the chemical industry can be impeded by the uncertain risks associated with investing in new technology. The work here documents a case study during the development of a modular chemical plant for capturing distributed energy resources within chemical production. This MCPI approach to plant construction is contrasted with a CSB approach for producing the same chemical product. Data collection tools were developed, based on a literature review, and data was collected from the technology developer to understand the process technology. Sensitivity analysis was then conducted to analyze the business rationale for the application of MCPI over CSB across several market scenarios. It was found that MCPI would be better suited for capacities up to 150 000 metric tons per year, but that improvement in payback period was needed. Additionally, for MCPI approach to achieve acceptable payback periods, efforts are needed to reduce the cost of capital equipment and compress the schedule for ramping up modular production.
LAND: stretch (1 + epsilon) locality-aware networks for DHTs. (2004)

This study aims at preparing and optimizing lacidipine (LCDP) polymeric micelles using thin film hydration technique in order to overcome LCDP solubility-limited oral bioavailability. A two-factor three-level central composite face-centered design (CCFD) was employed to optimize the formulation variables to obtain LCDP polymeric micelles of high entrapment efficiency and small and uniform particle size (PS). Formulation variables were: Pluronic to drug ratio (A) and Pluronic P123 percentage (B). LCDP polymeric micelles were assessed for entrapment efficiency (EE%), PS and polydispersity index (PDI). The formula with the highest desirability (0.959) was chosen as the optimized formula. The values of the formulation variables (A and B) in the optimized polymeric micelles formula were 45% and 80%, respectively. Optimum LCDP polymeric micelles had entrapment efficiency of 99.23%, PS of 21.08 nm and PDI of 0.11. Optimum LCDP polymeric micelles formula was physically characterized using transmission electron microscopy. LCDP polymeric micelles showed saturation solubility approximately 450 times that of raw LCDP in addition to significantly enhanced dissolution rate. Bioavailability study of optimum LCDP polymeric micelles formula in rabbits revealed a 6.85-fold increase in LCDP bioavailability compared to LCDP oral suspension.
Part I of Field Research: Impact of Centrifuge Torque and Polymer Dose on Dewatering Performance from Anaerobically Digested Biosolids (2005)

Part I of Field Research: Impact of Centrifuge Torque and Polymer Dose on Dewatering Performance from Anaerobically Digested BiosolidsThis study was performed to optimize the operation of a high solids centrifuge in terms of dewatering performance as well as the subsequent generation of odors from the biosolids cake. The results are presented in a two paper series, one dealing with the dewatering performance, and the second covering the impact on odors.This is the first paper in the series and will present the testing results...Author(s)Kathy HamelMatt HigginsYen-Chih ChenSudhir MurthyMike TravisE.J. BarbenAlex LivadarosNicholas MaasSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 18: Odor Issues: Perspectives and ResearchDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2005ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20050101)2005:2L.1058;1-DOI10.2175/193864705783967872Volume / Issue2005 / 2Content sourceResiduals and Biosolids ConferenceFirst / last page(s)1058 - 1067Copyright2005Word count122
Guided SH-SAW toluene sensors with mesoporous silica sensitive coatings: Increased sensitivity through mesostructuration control (2010)

International audience
Low-threshold supercontinuum generation in polycrystalline media (2021)

Until recently, the generation of super-octave continua in bulk materials at full repetition rates of femtosecond (fs) oscillators has been limited to a few special cases of Kerr lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire lasers. In 2019, we described a 3.4-octave fs source with 50 nJ pulse energy at the repetition rate of 78 MHz based on polycrystalline Cr:ZnS [Vasilyev et al. , Optica 6 , 126 ( 2019 ) OPTIC8 2334-2536 10.1364/OPTICA.6.000126 ]. Here we explain the mechanism of fs supercontinuum generation in transition-metal doped polycrystalline II-VI semiconductors at relatively low (nJ-level) pulse energy. We demonstrate that this new supercontinuum regime is enabled by a complex, yet well-reproducible, interplay between the effects arising from the third-order nonlinearity, the quadratic nonlinearities, and thermal optical effects in the medium. We also demonstrate the control of fs pulse propagation in disordered <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>χ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> media via the control of the material microstructure.
P2Y1Receptor Modulation of the Pre-Bötzinger Complex Inspiratory Rhythm Generating NetworkIn Vitro (2007)

ATP is released during hypoxia from the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and activates purinergic P2 receptors (P2Rs) at unknown loci to offset the secondary hypoxic depression of breathing. In this study, we used rhythmically active medullary slices from neonatal rat to map, in relation to anatomical and molecular markers of the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) (a proposed site of rhythm generation), the effects of ATP on respiratory rhythm and identify the P2R subtypes responsible for these actions. Unilateral microinjections of ATP in a three-dimensional grid within the VLM revealed a "hotspot" where ATP (0.1 mM) evoked a rapid 2.2 +/- 0.1-fold increase in inspiratory frequency followed by a brief reduction to 0.83 +/- 0.02 of baseline. The hotspot was identified as the preBötC based on histology, overlap of injection sites with NK1R immunolabeling, and potentiation or inhibition of respiratory frequency by SP ([Sar9-Met(O2)11]-substance P) or DAMGO ([D-Ala2,N-MePhe4,Gly-ol5]-enkephalin), respectively. The relative potency of P2R agonists [2MeSADP (2-methylthioadenosine 5'-diphosphate) approximately = 2MeSATP (2-methylthioadenosine 5'-triphosphate) approximately = ATPgammas (adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate tetralithium salt) approximately = ATP >> UTP approximately = alphabeta meATP (alpha,beta-methylene-adenosine 5'-triphosphate)] and attenuation of the ATP response by MRS2179 (2'-deoxy-N6-methyladenosine-3',5'-bisphosphate) (P2Y1 antagonist) indicate that the excitation is mediated by P2Y1Rs. The post-ATP inhibition, which was never observed in response to ATPgammas, is dependent on ATP hydrolysis. These data establish in neonatal rats that respiratory rhythm generating networks in the preBötC are exquisitely sensitive to P2Y1R activation, and suggest a role for P2Y1Rs in respiratory motor control, particularly in the P2R excitation of rhythm that occurs during hypoxia.
Prevention of infant eczema by neonatal Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin vaccination: The MIS BAIR randomized controlled trial (2021)

There is insufficient evidence to recommend neonatal BCG vaccination in all infants for the prevention of eczema in the first year of life; however, a modest beneficial effect was observed among high-risk infants. A single dose of BCG-Denmark soon after birth could reduce the incidence of eczema in infants with two atopic parents.
Advanced development methods for high-NA EUV lithography (2023)

One of the key steps in the pattern formation chain of (extreme ultraviolet) EUV lithography is the development process to resolve the resist pattern after EUV exposure. A simple traditional development process might not be sufficient to achieve the requirements of an ultra-high-resolution feature with low defect levels in high numerical aperture (NA) EUV lithography. In our previous literature, a new development method named ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> (Enhanced Sensitivity develoPER Technology<sup>TM</sup>) has been introduced to improve the performance of metal oxide resists (MOR) for 0.33 NA EUV lithography by breaking the dose-roughness trade-off. In this work, this development technique was optimised for high-NA lithography to not only keep the advantages of previous ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> version, but also reduce the defect levels at a higher EUV sensitivity. This is made possible thanks to the capability of the new version of ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> that can easily remove the residue (undeveloped resist) at low exposure dose area to enhance the developing contrast. Using 0.33 NA EUV scanners at imec on 16-nm half-pitch (HP) line/space (L/S) patterns, with the new development method, EUV dose-to-size (DtS) was reduced roughly 16%, and total after-development-inspection (ADI) defects was reduced by a factor of approximately 7, simultaneously. In another condition, DtS was reduced from 44.2 to 28.4 mJ/cm² (an improvement of 36%), while the number of after-etch-inspection (AEI) single-bridge defects was reduced by half, simultaneously. Using the 0.5 NA exposure tool at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with this new development method, the exposure sensitivity and line-width-roughness (LWR) were both improved by 30% and 21%, respectively. An 8-nm-HP L/S pattern was also successfully printed by this high NA tool. Using a 150 kV electron-beam (EB) lithography system, a 12-nm-HP of pillars was successfully printed on a 22-nm-thick MOR resist with ESPERT<sup>TM</sup>. With all the advantages of having a high exposure sensitivity, a low defectivity, and an ultra-high-resolution capability, this new development method is expected to be a solution for high-NA EUV lithography.