gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexibly-Structured Model for Task-Oriented Dialogues (2019)

This paper proposes a novel end-to-end architecture for task-oriented dialogue systems. It is based on a simple and practical yet very effective sequence-to-sequence approach, where language understanding and state tracking tasks are modeled jointly with a structured copy-augmented sequential decoder and a multi-label decoder for each slot. The policy engine and language generation tasks are modeled jointly following that. The copyaugmented sequential decoder deals with new or unknown values in the conversation, while the multi-label decoder combined with the sequential decoder ensures the explicit assignment of values to slots. On the generation part, slot binary classifiers are used to improve performance. This architecture is scalable to real-world scenarios and is shown through an empirical evaluation to achieve state-of-the-art performance on both the Cambridge Restaurant dataset and the Stanford in-car assistant dataset 1 .
Large-scale synthesis of 2D-silica (SiOx) nanosheets using graphene oxide (GO) as a template material (2023)

Graphene oxide (GO) was used in this study as a template to successfully synthesize silicon oxide (SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) based 2D-nanomaterials, adapting the same morphological features as the GO sheets. By performing a controlled condensation reaction using low concentrations of GO (<0.5 wt%), the study shows how to obtain 2D-nanoflakes, consisting of GO-flakes coated with a silica precursor that were <i>ca</i>. 500 nm in lateral diameter and <i>ca.</i> 1.5 nm in thickness. XPS revealed that the silanes had linked covalently with the GO sheets at the expense of the oxygen groups present on the GO surface. The GO template was shown to be fully removable through thermal treatment without affecting the nanoflake morphology of the pure SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>-material, providing a methodology for large-scale preparation of SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>-based 2D nanosheets with nearly identical dimensions as the GO template. The formation of SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub> sheets using a GO template was investigated for two different silane precursors, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), showing that both precursors were capable of accurately templating the graphene oxide template. Molecular modeling revealed that the choice of silane affected the number of layers coated on the GO sheets. Furthermore, rheological measurements showed that the relative viscosity was significantly affected by the specific surface area of the synthesized particles. The protocol used showed the ability to synthesize these types of nanoparticles using a common aqueous alcohol solvent, and yield larger amounts (∼1 g) of SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>-sheets than what has been previously reported.
Functional analysis and identification of cis-regulatory elements of human chromosome 21 gene promoters (2010)

Given the inherent limitations of in silico studies relying solely on DNA sequence analysis, the functional characterization of mammalian promoters and associated cis-regulatory elements requires experimental support, which demands cloning and analysis of putative promoter regions. Focusing on human chromosome 21, we cloned 182 gene promoters of 2500 bp in length and conducted reporter gene assays on transfected-cell arrays. We found 56 promoters that were active in HEK293 cells, while another 49 promoters could be activated by treatment of cells with Trichostatin A or depletion of serum. We observed high correlations between promoter activities and endogenous transcript levels, RNA polymerase II occupancy, CpG islands and core promoter elements. Truncation of a subset of 62 promoters to ∼500 bp revealed that truncation rarely resulted in loss of activity, but rather in loss of responses to external stimuli, suggesting the presence of cis-regulatory response elements within distal promoter regions. In these regions, we found a strong enrichment of transcription factor binding sites that could potentially activate gene expression in the presence of stimuli. This study illustrates the modular functional architecture of chromosome 21 promoters and helps to reveal the complex mechanisms governing transcriptional regulation.
The Postoperative Basal Cortisol and CRH Tests for Prediction of Long-Term Remission from Cushing's Disease after Transsphenoidal Surgery (2011)

A postoperative cortisol below 2 μg/dl predicts long-term remission after transsphenoidal surgery in CD. Remission in those with intermediate d 3-5 postoperative cortisol values (2-4.9 μg/dl) suggests that these patients do not require immediate reoperation. However, because no single cortisol cutoff value excludes all patients with recurrence, all require long-term clinical follow-up.
Experiments and analysis to characterize logic state retention limitations in 28nm process node (2013)

Mobile devices spend most of the time in standby mode. Supported features and functionalities are increasing in each newer model. With the wide spread adaptation of multitasking in mobile devices, retaining current status and data for all active tasks is critical for user satisfaction. Extending battery life in portable mobile devices necessitates the use of minimum possible energy in standby mode while retaining present states for all active tasks. This paper for the first time, explains the low voltage data-retention failure mechanism in flops. It analyzes the impact of design and process parameters on the data retention failure. Statistical nature of data retention failure is established and validated with extensive Monte-Carlo simulations across various process corners. Finally, silicon measurement from several 28nm industrial mobile chips is presented showing good correlation of retention failure prediction from simulation.
Effect of Pramlintide on Postprandial Glucose Fluxes in Type 1 Diabetes (2016)

Inhibition of glucagon and gastric emptying delaying reduced 2-hour prandial glucose excursions in T1D by delaying meal rate of glucose appearance.
Anderet al.Reply (1988)

Received 29 August 1988DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2273©1988 American Physical Society
Multi-Node Graphs: A Framework for Multiplexed Biological Assays (2006)

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an extension of the standard PCR protocol in which primers for multiple DNA loci are pooled together within a single reaction tube, enabling simultaneous sequence amplification, thus reducing costs and saving time. Potential cost saving and throughput improvements directly depend on the level of multiplexing achieved. Designing reliable and highly multiplexed assays is challenging because primers that are pooled together in a single reaction tube may cross-hybridize, though this can be addressed either by modifying the choice of primers for one or more amplicons, or by altering the way in which DNA loci are partitioned into separate reaction tubes. In this paper, we introduce a new graph formalism called a multi-node graph, and describe its application to the analysis of multiplex PCR scalability. We show, using random multi-node graphs that the scalability of multiplex PCR is constrained by a phase transition, suggesting fundamental limits on efforts to improve the cost-effectiveness and throughput of standard multiplex PCR assays. In particular, we show that when the multiplexing level of the reaction tubes is roughly theta(log (sn)) (where s is the number of primer pair candidates per locus and n is the number of loci to be amplified), then with very high probability we can 'cover' all loci with a valid assignment to one of the tubes in the assay. However, when the multiplexing level of the tube exceeds these bounds, there is no possible cover and moreover the size of the cover drops dramatically. Simulations using a simple greedy algorithm on real DNA data also confirm the presence of this phase transition. Our theoretical results suggest, however, that the resulting phase transition is a fundamental characteristic of the problem, implying intrinsic limits on the development of future assay design algorithms.
Topological dynamical quantum phase transition in a quantum skyrmion phase (2023)

The quantum skyrmionic phase is modeled in a two-dimensional helical spin lattice. This topological skyrmionic phase retains its nature in a large parameter space before moving to a ferromagnetic phase. Next-nearest-neighbor interaction improves the stability and it also causes a shift of the topological phase in the parameter space. Nonanalytic behavior of the rate function observed, when the system which is initially in a quantum skyrmion phase is quenched to a trivial quantum ferromagnetic phase, indicates a dynamical quantum phase transition. Dynamical quantum phase transition is absent when the system initially in a skyrmion phase is quenched to a helical phase.
Virtualized Optical Network (VON) for Future Internet and Applications (2010)

A virtualized optical network (VON) is proposed as a key to implementing increased agility and flexibility into the future Internet and applications by providing any-to-any connectivity with the appropriate optical bandwidth at the appropriate time. The VON is enabled by introducing optical transparentization and optical fine granular grooming based on optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing.
Power efficient mediaprocessors (1999)

Article Power efficient mediaprocessors: design space exploration Share on Authors: Johnson Kin Department of Electrical Enginerring, UCLA Department of Electrical Enginerring, UCLAView Profile , Chunho Lee Department of Computer Science, UCLA Department of Computer Science, UCLAView Profile , William H. Mangione-Smith Department of Electrical Enginerring, UCLA Department of Electrical Enginerring, UCLAView Profile , Miodrag Potkonjak Department of Computer Science, UCLA Department of Computer Science, UCLAView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '99: Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation ConferenceJune 1999 Pages 321–326https://doi.org/10.1145/309847.309943Published:01 June 1999 11citation528DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads528Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Expression and detection of pap-, sfa-, and afa-encoded fimbrial adhesin systems among uropathogenic Escherichia coli (1994)

Thirty-five Escherichia coli isolates from young children and women with pyelonephritis, cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria were characterized genotypically and phenotypically. The isolates were examined genotypically by using DNA probes specific for the hemolysis gene and for the pap, sfa, and afa adhesin systems. Genes for the adhesin systems were also detected by polymerase chain reaction, using multigene amplification. The isolates were serotyped, tested for hemolysin production, and classified for their adhesion specificity by hemagglutination and by binding specificity assays. Twenty-seven of the 35 isolates were pap positive. Results showed that pap-positive isolates expressing class I or class II G adhesins were more frequent in cases of pyelonephritis than in cases of cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. Expression of the class III G adhesins was more frequent in isolates from cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria than in isolates from pyelonephritis. Multiple adhesin systems and hemolysin were more frequently found in isolates from cases of pyelonephritis than in isolates from cases of cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. There was perfect correlation between the results obtained by polymerase chain reaction and and those obtained by hybridization.
Experimental Demonstration of Compact S-Band MW-Level Metamaterial-Inspired Klystron (2022)

Metamaterials are artificially constructed subwavelength structures exhibiting unprecedented electromagnetic phenomena. In this letter, an S-band MW-level metamaterial-inspired klystron using all-metal complementary electric split ring resonators (CeSRRs) was realized in the experiment. The CeSRR-loaded interaction structure of the klystron developed here features a miniaturized structure, the volume of which is only about 0.44 of the conventional counterparts. The metamaterial-inspired klystron based on the interaction structure loaded with CeSRRs was designed, fabricated and assembled. Using a pencil beam with parameters of 120 kV/80 A in the hot-test, the klystron delivered the biggest output power of 5.51 MW with gain of 55.6 dB and electronic efficiency of 57.4% at 2.852 GHz. This compact metamaterial-inspired klystron has potential applications in proton therapy facilities, tokamaks for the low-hybrid wave heating, and accelerators.
Universal Feature of Trap-Density Increase in Aged MOSFET and Its Compact Modeling (2020)

Our investigation focuses on accurate circuit aging prediction for bulk MOSFETs. A self-consistent aging modeling is proposed, which considers the trap-density N trap increase as the aging origin. This N trap s considered in the Poisson equation together with other charges induced within MOSFET. It is demonstrated that a universal relationship of the N trap increase as a function of integrated substrate current, caused by device stress, can describe the MOSFET aging in a simple way for any device-operating conditions. An exponential increase with constant and unitary slope of the N trap is found to successfully predict the aging phenomena, reaching a saturation for high stress degradation. The model universality is verified additionally for any device size. Comparison with existing conventional aging modeling for circuit simulation is discussed for demonstrating the simplifications due to the developed modeling approach.
Notch signaling regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation during zebrafish heart regeneration (2014)

The human heart's failure to replace ischemia-damaged myocardium with regenerated muscle contributes significantly to the worldwide morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease. Remarkably, certain vertebrate species, including the zebrafish, achieve complete regeneration of amputated or injured myocardium through the proliferation of spared cardiomyocytes. Nonetheless, the genetic and cellular determinants of natural cardiac regeneration remain incompletely characterized. Here, we report that cardiac regeneration in zebrafish relies on Notch signaling. Following amputation of the zebrafish ventricular apex, Notch receptor expression becomes activated specifically in the endocardium and epicardium, but not the myocardium. Using a dominant negative approach, we discovered that suppression of Notch signaling profoundly impairs cardiac regeneration and induces scar formation at the amputation site. We ruled out defects in endocardial activation, epicardial activation, and dedifferentiation of compact myocardial cells as causative for the regenerative failure. Furthermore, coronary endothelial tubes, which we lineage traced from preexisting endothelium in wild-type hearts, formed in the wound despite the myocardial regenerative failure. Quantification of myocardial proliferation in Notch-suppressed hearts revealed a significant decrease in cycling cardiomyocytes, an observation consistent with a noncell autonomous requirement for Notch signaling in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Unexpectedly, hyperactivation of Notch signaling also suppressed cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. Taken together, our data uncover the exquisite sensitivity of regenerative cardiomyocyte proliferation to perturbations in Notch signaling.
Lymphokines in Sensitized Rats (1975)

Cell-mediated immune responses were studied in Wistar rats by migration inhibition factor (MIF) assays in vitro of lymphoid cells derived from thymus, spleen and peripheral blood and peritoneal exudates and by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in vivo. Using PPD and purified diphtheria toxoid as soluble test antigens it appeared that significant migration inhibition was observed only when sensitized thymus and peritoneal exudate cells were used in the direct capillary migration system. Indirect MIF assays, using both capillary and agarose techniques, showed that migration inhibitory activity was found in thymus culture supernatants as well as in spleen culture supernatants of sensitized animals. The MIF activity in thymic cell culture supernatants seemed to be antigen-independent, although in this respect no definitive conclusions can be drawn from the present results. Migration inhibition in direct and indirect techniques always correlated with a positive delayed-type skin reaction. It is suggested that a population of thymus cells of sensitized animals is able to produce MIF on specific antigenic stimulation in vitro. This might support the idea that a cell population within the thymus possesses characteristics of peripheral T cells.
Sun exposure induces rapid immunological changes in skin and peripheral blood in patients with psoriasis (2011)

Our data show that clinical improvement of psoriasis following sun exposure is preceded by a rapid reduction in local and systemic inflammatory markers, strongly suggesting that immune modulation mediated the observed clinical effect. We cannot completely rule out that other mechanisms, such as stress reduction, may contribute, but it is extensively documented that UV irradiation is a potent inducer of immunosuppression and we therefore conclude that the observed effect was primarily due to sun exposure.
Complementary vascular and matrix regulatory pathways underlie the beneficial mechanism of action of sorafenib in liver fibrosis (2011)

Collectively, the results of this study demonstrate that sorafenib inhibits both matrix restructuring and vascular remodeling that accompany chronic liver diseases and characterize cell and molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. These data may help to refine future therapies for advanced gastrointestinal and liver diseases characterized by abundant fibrosis and neovascularization.
Polymer crystallinity and its effect on the non-linear bending creep rate for a polyphenylene sulphide thermoplastic composite (1995)

Recent developments have led to the introduction of advanced thermoplastic composites such as Polyphenylene Sulphide (PPS), which can be used structurally at higher temperatures. Because of its thermoplastic nature, it can also be hot worked by bringing the working temperature considerably above the glass transition temperature. However, such annealing processes also affect its degree of crystallinity, which in turn affect the properties of the material. This paper reports on the effect of matrix crystallinity on the rate of creep deformation in three point bending of some reinforced PPS composites. This work was based on a non-linear approach based on a Power law creep model creep deformation analysis. The effect of annealing on the non-linear creep deformation of the PPS composite specimens has been analysed using a Power Law creep model. Results indicate that the creep deformation for both 20 and 40% reinforced samples were relatively similar despite the difference in the amount of fibre reinforcement. In contrast, the value of the creep component decreased exponentially with the % crystallinity. for both 20 and 40%, reinforced samples.
The sense of the smell: the human olfactory receptor. (2005)

In this research we investigate the interactions between odorous molecules and human olfactory receptor OR 17-40. The principal questions we wish to address are to build a 3D model of OR 17-40, to identify the ligand binding pocket in OR 17-40, to measure the affinity of OR 17-40 to new molecules.
Activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c and fatty acid synthase transcription by hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 2 (2008)

Transcriptional factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) activates the transcription of lipogenic genes, including fatty acid synthase (FAS). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often associated with lipid accumulation within the liver, known as steatosis in the clinic. The molecular mechanisms of HCV-associated steatosis are not well characterized. Here, we showed that HCV non-structural protein 2 (NS2) activated SREBP-1c transcription in human hepatic Huh-7 cells as measured by using a human SREBP-1c promoter-luciferase reporter plasmid. We further showed that sterol regulatory element (SRE) and liver X receptor element (LXRE) in the SREBP-1c promoter were involved in SREBP-1c activation by HCV NS2. Furthermore, expression of HCV NS2 resulted in the upregulation of FAS transcription. We also showed that FAS upregulation by HCV NS2 was SREBP-1-dependent since deleting the SRE sequence in a FAS promoter and expressing a dominant-negative SREBP-1 abrogated FAS promoter upregulation by HCV NS2. Taken together, our results suggest that HCV NS2 can upregulate the transcription of SREBP-1c and FAS, and thus is probably a contributing factor for HCV-associated steatosis.
Glutathione content of ovarian tumour biopsies taken before and after cytotoxic chemotherapy (1993)

SummaryGlutathione levels were measured in human malignant ovarian tumours obtained either at initial debulking surgery, before cytotoxic chemotherapy, or at second look laparotomy following chemotherapy. The response rates of these two groups to chemotherapy differ markedly, with patients who have relapsed following initial chemotherapy having a markedly reduced response rate to subsequent chemotherapy. Glutathione levels in untreated tumours were higher (P < 005) than in normal ovary. No difference was found between the glutathione levels found in tumours taken at initial debulking surgery (n = 33) and those following chemotherapy (n = 17). No difference in glutathione levels was observed in normal peritoneal tissue taken from patients before or following chemotherapy. Glutathione content was not found to be related to clinical response. These data do not support the hypothesis that a large overall change in glutathione content is a major determinant of response to chemotherapy in ovarian tumours.
Direct introduction of plasmid into nucleus using on-chip electroporation (2010)

In this paper, we visualized the motion of plasmids within a cell during pulsation using on-chip electroporation and clarified the direct introduction of plasmids into nucleus by electrophoresis. By making the orifice pitch nearly equal to nucleus diameter with guaranteeing the field constriction at a micro orifice, higher yield of transfection was experimentally demonstrated.
Atomic layer deposition of GeTe (2011)

GeTe thin films were deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). The process was studied in detail to confirm characteristic ALD behavior. Film compositions were analyzed with energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Phase change properties of the films were studied using high-temperature x-ray diffraction, resistivity measurements and a static laser tester. The crystallization properties of ALD GeTe were found to be similar to those of sputtered films.
Adaptive control of robot manipulators with anti-backlash gears (2002)

This paper proposes a control method for robot manipulators that have anti-backlash gears in the joints. The anti-backlash gear is modeled as a three segment flexible joint characteristic. A controller consists of a PD feedback part and a full dynamics feedforward part. This control method employs the sliding control scheme. In order to make the tip of the manipulator track desired trajectories and to eliminate steady state errors, this method utilizes two sliding surfaces for both links and actuators. For this purpose, positions and velocities of both links and actuators are fedback. An anti-backlash inverse characteristic is introduced to obtain the desired trajectories for the actuators from the desired trajectories of the links. An adaptation scheme to the variation of payloads is also investigated.