gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revision and Complex Shoulder Arthroplasty (2008)

THE PROBLEMS IN FAILED SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY Unsatisfactory Outcomes of Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty Joseph R. Lynch and Frederick A. Matsen, III Mayo Clinic Registry Experience with Shoulder Arthroplasty Robert H. Cofield, John W. Sperling, Tyler J. Fox, Akin Cil, and Christian J.H. Veillette Failures of the Reverse Prosthesis: Identifying the Problems Francois Sirveaux and Daniel Mole Clinical Assessment of Failed Shoulder Arthroplasty Pierre Hoffmeyer Radiographic Assessment of Failed Shoulder Arthroplasty Edward V. Craig Medical Evaluation and Treatment for Infection in Shoulder Arthroplasty Todd J. Kowalski, Elie F. Berbari, and Douglas R. Osmon Outcomes of Revision Surgery in Shoulder Arthroplasty Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo TECHNIQUES IN REVISION SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY Surgical Exposures Steve A. Petersen Understanding the Implants Benjamin W. Milne and David H. Sonnabend Component Fixation Christopher M. Jobe Morphology of the Arthritic Glenoid Pierre Mansat and Michel Mansat Revision of the Glenoid Component Gilles Walch, Pascal Boileau, and Lionel Neyton Revision of the Humeral Component W. Angus Wallace Muscle Contributions to Shoulder Stability Eiji Itoi and Hirotaka Sano Managing the Shoulder Capsule/Rotator Cuff Contractures and Deficiencies Joseph Zuckerman Arthroscopic Applications in Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty Shawn W. O'Driscoll Revision of Failed Reverse Type Implants Mark A. Frankle Postoperative Rehabilitation Jay Smith and Jonathan T. Finnoff Reconstructive Techniques Used at the Mayo Clinic in Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty Robert H. Cofield and John W. Sperling SPECIFIC TYPES OF RECONSTRUCTION Periprosthetic Humeral Fractures Thomas W. Wright Instability after Shoulder Arthroplasty Matthew H. Griffith and David M. Dines Surgical Management of the Infected Shoulder Arthroplasty Joachim Loehr Failed Hemiarthroplasty Duong Nguyen, Matt Kippe, Louis U. Bigliani, and William N. Levine The Reverse Prosthesis for Failed Anatomic Shoulder Arthroplasty Gerald R. Williams, Jr. Prosthetic Arthroplasty for Delayed Complications of Proximal Humerus Fractures Mark Tauber and Herbert Resch Prosthetic Replacement for Nonunions of Proximal Humerus Fractures Samuel Antuna and John W. Sperling Prosthesic Arthroplasty for Arthritis after Surgery for Shoulder Instability John W. Sperling, Samuel A. Antuna, and Robert H. Cofield Prosthetic Arthroplasty for Locked Shoulder Dislocations Konrad I. Gruson and Evan L. Flatow Prosthetic Arthroplasty in Shoulder Dysplasia Emilie V. Cheung and Scott P. Steinmann Prosthetic Arthroplasty in Neuromuscular Disorders Steven J. Hattrup Epilogue Robert H. Cofield and John W. Sperling
NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations of a self-assembled arene ruthenium rectangle obtained from a combination of coordination and hydrogen bonds (2015)

The hydrogen-bonded arene ruthenium metalla-rectangle, [(p-cymene)2Ru2(OO∩OO)(UPy)2]2(4+), obtained from 1-(4-oxo-6-undecyl-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)urea (UPy) and the dinuclear arene ruthenium clip (p-cymene)2Ru2(OO∩OO)Cl2 (OO∩OO = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzoquinonato), is investigated by means of solution-phase NMR spectroscopy. Rotating frame nuclear Overhauser effect measurements are used to probe the H-bond network that drives the UPy self-assembly as well as the full rectangular supramolecular system. An effective distance that takes into account both intra- and intermolecular polarization-transfer pathways is utilised for data analysis. The experimental findings are corroborated by DFT calculations of NMR parameters and internuclear distances, thus confirming the formation of a very stable tetranuclear metalla-assembly.
Consideration on intra-prediction for pipeline processing in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC (2004)

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is expected to cover wide range of applications not only for smaller images like CIF/QCIF but also for SDTV/HDTV. As encoding/decoding of larger images requires more number of macroblocks to be processed, any kind of technique for speeding up is indispensable for real-time applications. Pipeline processing is an effective tool for hardware implementation. However, when we apply it to intra prediction, additional constraint will be necessary, which causes a severe loss in coding efficiency. In this paper we propose modifications on intra prediction that enable us to apply pipeline processing with an ignorable level of loss in coding efficiency.
Time of flight measurements for strong shocks emitted from transient cavitation in 300 bar resonator (2007)

The behavior of shocks emitted from transient cavitation in acoustic cavitation systems with static pressures up to 300 bar is explored using photomultiplier tubes, hydrophones, Schlieren, and Shadowgraphic methods. Shocks emitted from strong implosions travel initially at supersonic velocities, leading to a shortening of the time of flight (TOF) from implosion site to detector as compared to sound speed motions. A larger difference between expected sonic and actual supersonic translation times is indicative of higher stagnation pressures. Experimental results are indicative of possible stagnation pressures in the Mbar range and place constraints on computer models. [Work supported by SMDC Contract no. W9113M-07-C-0178.]
Leveraging antimicrobial stewardship into improving rates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (2016)

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are among the most critical threats facing our healthcare system and account for significant patient mortality. There is considerable interest in the development of new treatment strategies. However, less attention has been paid to reducing CRE infection rates. Antibiotic stewardship programs can be uniquely empowered to reduce widespread pathogen resistance and by extension, optimize patient care and lower healthcare costs.
Designing private line networks (2004)

We study a capacitated network design problem arising in the design of private line networks. Given a complete graph, a subset of its node set (the &amp;quot;hub&amp;quot; set), and point-to-point traffic demands, the objective is to install capacity on the edges (using several batch sizes and nonlinear costs), and route traffic in the resulting capacitated network, so that 1) all the demand between a pair of nodes is routed along a single path, and 2) the demand is either sent directly from source to sink, or via a number of hub nodes. We first formulate an initial integer program, and various approximations to it. Valid inequalities are then derived for a special knapsack problem involving both integer and 0-1 variables arising from the capacity constraints on an edge. These and related inequalities are then used to strengthen the formulations. Computational results using these inequalities within a general purpose branch-and-cut system are presented.
Medical Foods and Fructooligosaccharides: A Novel Fermentable Dietary Fiber (2003)

Short chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) consist of two to four D-fructofuranosyl units linked by β-(2→1) glycosidic bonds and carry a single α-D-glucopyranosyl unit at the nonreducing end of the chain, linked (1↔2) as in sucrose. Because of their low molecular weight, scFOS are not quantified as total dietary fiber. However, this attribute makes them compatible with liquid medical foods, many of which are fed to patients through a tube. Most sources of dietary fiber are not compatible with liquid medical foods: insoluble fibers tend to settle and can block the feeding tube, whereas soluble fibers increase product viscosity making it difficult to administer through an enteral tube. Short chain FOS have many dietary fiber-like physiological effects. Medical rationales for their use include: normalizing bowel function, maintaining large bowel integrity, restoring colonization resistance, altering the route of nitrogen excretion, and improving calcium absorption. Overall, compatibility with liquid products and numerous physiological benefits to the patient justify the use of scFOS in medical foods.
Nanocellulose-Reinforced Organo-Inorganic Nanocomposite for Synergistic and Affordable Defluoridation of Water and an Evaluation of Its Sustainability Metrics (2019)

Fluoride (F–) is one of the common naturally occurring anions present in groundwater worldwide that may be beneficial or detrimental depending on the total amount ingested and the duration of exposure. Among all the remediation techniques, adsorption using nanomaterials shows superior efficiency and the process can be eco-friendly and economical. We report cellulose nanofiber-polyaniline (PANI)-templated ferrihydrite nanocomposite synthesized by a green one-pot process where the iron precursor not only acts as an oxidant for the polymerization of aniline to give emaraldine base–emaraldine salt (EB–ES) form of PANI but also forms 2-line ferrihydrite (FeOOH) nanoparticles in situ. These nanoparticles get embedded into the cellulose–PANI blend to give a granular nanocomposite having double action sites for adsorption and robustness which also prevent nanoparticle leaching. Doped PANI and FeOOH act as synergistic adsorption sites for F– removal which results in an enhanced uptake capacity. The materials’ adsorption mechanism and removal performance have been evaluated by diverse analytical techniques. The investigations led to the conclusion that the material is suitable to be used as adsorption media in the form of simple cartridges for gravity-fed water purification. In addition, the impact of such materials on the environment has been assessed by evaluating the relevant sustainability metrics and socio-economic parameters.
Concerted action of tenascin-C domains in cell adhesion, anti-adhesion and promotion of neurite outgrowth (1997)

We used a new approach to identify domains of chicken tenascin-C required for interaction with cells. Instead of expressing the parts of interest, we deleted them from an otherwise intact tenascin-C molecule and scored for the concomitant change in activity. As a starting point for all mutant constructs we expressed the smallest naturally occurring tenascin-C splice variant in vertebrate cells. The tenascin-C mutants had either deletions of all EGF-like repeats, all fibronectin type III repeats or of the fibrinogen globe. In double mutants the fibronectin type III repeats were deleted together with either the EGF-like repeats or the fibrinogen globe, respectively. All tenascin-C variants assembled correctly to hexameric molecules of the expected molecular characteristics. Intact tenascin-C and the mutant missing the fibrinogen globe did not promote adhesion of chick embryo fibroblasts, whereas both, the hexamers containing solely the fibrinogen globe or the EGF-like repeats were adhesive substrates and even supported cell spreading. When tenascin-C was added to the medium of fibroblasts plated on fibronectin-coated wells, cell adhesion was blocked by intact tenascin-C, but not by mutants missing the fibrinogen globe. In neurite outgrowth assays using dorsal root ganglia, processes formed on all substrates except on the mutant missing only the fibrinogen globe, where the ganglia failed to adhere. The mutants missing the fibronectin type III repeats allowed more rapid neurite outgrowth than all other tenascin-C variants and the mutant consisting essentially of oligomerized EGF-like repeats was as active a substrate for neurite outgrowth as laminin. From the combined data, it is concluded that the activities of intact tenascin-C cannot be mimicked by investigating domain by domain, but the concerted action of several domains leads to the diverse cellular responses.
Stability and magnetically induced heating behavior of lipid-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (2013)

Magnetic nanoparticles that are currently explored for various biomedical applications exhibit a high propensity to minimize total surface energy through aggregation. This study introduces a unique, thermoresponsive nanocomposite design demonstrating substantial colloidal stability of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SPIONs) due to a surface-immobilized lipid layer. Lipid coating was accomplished in different buffer systems, pH 7.4, using an equimolar mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and l-α-dipalmitoylphosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG). Particle size and zeta potential were measured by dynamic laser light scattering. Heating behavior within an alternating magnetic field was compared between the commercial MFG-1000 magnetic field generator at 7 mT (1 MHz) and an experimental, laboratory-made magnetic hyperthermia system at 16.6 mT (13.7 MHz). The results revealed that product quality of lipid-coated SPIONs was significantly dependent on the colloidal stability of uncoated SPIONs during the coating process. Greatest stability was achieved at 0.02 mg/mL in citrate buffer (mean diameter = 80.0 ± 1.7 nm; zeta potential = -47.1 ± 2.6 mV). Surface immobilization of an equimolar DPPC/DPPG layer effectively reduced the impact of buffer components on particle aggregation. Most stable suspensions of lipid-coated nanoparticles were obtained at 0.02 mg/mL in citrate buffer (mean diameter = 179.3 ± 13.9 nm; zeta potential = -19.1 ± 2.3 mV). The configuration of the magnetic field generator significantly affected the heating properties of fabricated SPIONs. Heating rates of uncoated nanoparticles were substantially dependent on buffer composition but less influenced by particle concentration. In contrast, thermal behavior of lipid-coated nanoparticles within an alternating magnetic field was less influenced by suspension vehicle but dramatically more sensitive to particle concentration. These results underline the advantages of lipid-coated SPIONs on colloidal stability without compromising magnetically induced hyperthermia properties. Since phospholipids are biocompatible, these unique lipid-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles offer exciting opportunities as thermoresponsive drug delivery carriers for targeted, stimulus-induced therapeutic interventions. PACS: 7550Mw; 7575Cd; 8185Qr.
Coherence and entanglement of inherently long-lived spin pairs in diamond (2021)

Understanding and protecting the coherence of individual quantum systems is a central challenge in quantum science and technology. Over the last decades, a rich variety of methods to extend coherence have been developed. A complementary approach is to look for naturally occurring systems that are inherently protected against decoherence. Here, we show that pairs of identical nuclear spins in solids form intrinsically long-lived quantum systems. We study three carbon-13 pairs in diamond and realize high-fidelity measurements of their quantum states using a single NV center in their vicinity. We then reveal that the spin pairs are robust to external perturbations due to a unique combination of three phenomena: a clock transition, a decoherence-free subspace, and a variant on motional narrowing. The resulting inhomogeneous dephasing time is $T_2^* = 1.9(3)$ minutes, the longest reported for individually controlled qubits. Finally, we develop complete control and realize an entangled state between two spin-pair qubits through projective parity measurements. These long-lived qubits are abundantly present in diamond and other solids, and provide new opportunities for quantum sensing, quantum information processing, and quantum networks.
GaN Metalens for Pixel-Level Full-Color Routing at Visible Light (2017)

Metasurface-based components are known to be one of the promising candidates for developing flat optical systems. However, their low working efficiency highly limits the use of such flat components for feasible applications. Although the introduction of the metallic mirror has been demonstrated to successfully enhance the efficiency, it is still somehow limited for imaging and sensing applications because they are only available for devices operating in a reflection fashion. Here, we demonstrate three individual GaN-based metalenses working in a transmission window with extremely high operation efficiency at visible light (87%, 91.6%, and 50.6% for blue, green, and red light, respectively). For the proof of concept, a multiplex color router with dielectric metalens, which is capable of guiding individual primary colors into different spatial positions, is experimentally verified based on the design of out-of-plane focusing metalens. Our approach with low-cost, semiconductor fabrication compatibility and high working efficiency characteristics offers a way for establishing a complete set of flat optical components for a wide range of applications such as compact imaging sensors, optical spectroscopy, and high-resolution lithography, just named a few.
A capacitive ice detection microsensor (2000)

An ice detection system using a microfabricated diaphragm as the sensing element and portable capacitance detection circuitry is presented. During operation, actuation forces are applied electrostatically to cause diaphragm deformation. Accumulation of ice on the diaphragm leads to an increase in its effective stiffness. Therefore, for a given actuation voltage, the ice-covered diaphragm exhibits a smaller deflection than the corresponding ice-free diaphragm. This deflection is measured using a customized, portable, high-sensitivity, differential capacitance measurement circuit. Finite-element analysis (FEA) is used to optimize the sensor geometry for enhanced sensitivity to ice accretion. The sensor is fabricated by bulk micromachining and wafer bonding of silicon and glass substrates. The sensor is operated with the diaphragm in the stiffness-sensitive mode, enabling the discrimination between ice and water (or deicing fluids) films. Calibration experiments reveal that the miniature ice detection sensor system can successfully detect ice and water film thicknesses between approximately 0.5-1.5 mm. Finally, dynamic testing indicates that the adhesion of ice to silicon is poor when the sensor is driven continuously.
Tuning the Biological Activity Profile of Antibacterial Polymers via Subunit Substitution Pattern (2014)

Binary nylon-3 copolymers containing cationic and hydrophobic subunits can mimic the biological properties of host-defense peptides, but relationships between composition and activity are not yet well understood for these materials. Hydrophobic subunits in previously studied examples have been limited mostly to cycloalkane-derived structures, with cyclohexyl proving to be particularly promising. The present study evaluates alternative hydrophobic subunits that are isomeric or nearly isomeric with the cyclohexyl example; each has four sp(3) carbons in the side chains. The results show that varying the substitution pattern of the hydrophobic subunit leads to relatively small changes in antibacterial activity but causes significant changes in hemolytic activity. We hypothesize that these differences in biological activity profile arise, at least in part, from variations among the conformational propensities of the hydrophobic subunits. The α,α,β,β-tetramethyl unit is optimal among the subunits we have examined, providing copolymers with potent antibacterial activity and excellent prokaryote vs eukaryote selectivity. Bacteria do not readily develop resistance to the new antibacterial nylon-3 copolymers. These findings suggest that variation in subunit conformational properties could be generally valuable in the development of synthetic polymers for biological applications.
Clonogenic Colony-Forming Ability of Flow Cytometrically Isolated Hepatic Progenitor Cells in the Murine Fetal Liver (2000)

Stem cells are defined as cells having multilineage differentiation potential and self-renewal capability. Hepatic stem cells have aroused considerable interest not only because of their developmental importance but also for their therapeutic potential. However, their presence in the liver has not yet been demonstrated. With the use of a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and monoclonal antibodies, we attempted to ascertain whether hepatic stem cells are present in the murine fetal liver. For this purpose, we optimized a cell isolation technique for FACS sorting of fetal liver cells. When isolated CD45 TER119 cells (the non-blood cell fraction in the fetal liver) were tested for their clonogenic colony-forming ability, mechanical dissociation (pipetting) was the most suitable cell isolation technique for FACS sorting. We confirmed that these colonies contained not only cells expressing hepatocyte markers but also cells expressing cholangiocyte markers. To identify hepatic stem cells, studies must focus on CD45TER119- cells in the murine fetal liver.
Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticle‐Spiked Pillar Arrays for Plasmonic Biosensing (2019)

Abstract Plasmonic biosensors have demonstrated superior performance in detecting various biomolecules with high sensitivity through simple assays. Scaled‐up, reproducible chip production with a high density of hotspots in a large area has been technically challenging, limiting the commercialization and clinical translation of these biosensors. A new fabrication method for 3D plasmonic nanostructures with a high density, large volume of hotspots and therefore inherently improved detection capabilities is developed. Specifically, Au nanoparticle‐spiked Au nanopillar arrays are prepared by utilizing enhanced surface diffusion of adsorbed Au atoms on a slippery Au nanopillar arrays through a simple vacuum process. This process enables the direct formation of a high density of spherical Au nanoparticles on the 1 nm‐thick dielectric coated Au nanopillar arrays without high‐temperature annealing, which results in multiple plasmonic coupling, and thereby large effective volume of hotspots in 3D spaces. The plasmonic nanostructures show signal enhancements over 8.3 × 10 8 ‐fold for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and over 2.7 × 10 2 ‐fold for plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence. The 3D plasmonic chip is used to detect avian influenza‐associated antibodies at 100 times higher sensitivity compared with unstructured Au substrates for plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence detection. Such a simple and scalable fabrication of highly sensitive 3D plasmonic nanostructures provides new opportunities to broaden plasmon‐enhanced sensing applications.
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Studies of the Phase Behavior and Mesophases of Homopolymers, Block Copolymers and Complex Mixtures (1997)

Small-angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons are particularly powerful techniques for studying complex materials such as polymers, micellar solutions and lyotropic mesophases of amphiphilic molecules. In the present paper, we review some of the recent progress on polymer complex fluids made using small-angle neutron scattering. These studies include examination of the phase behavior of binary polymers where fluctuations due to the free volume significantly renormalize the critical behavior. Block copolymers phase-separate on the microscopic level given by the length scale of the polymer coils and form a variety of mesoscopic ordered phases. Blends of homopolymers and diblock copolymers show new physical phenomena where different critical behavior meets in a Lifshitz point. Block copolymers in selected solutions self-assemble into micellar structures which provide the basis for ordered structures.
25.3: Observations of Luminance, Contrast and Amplitude Resolution of Displays (2006)

Abstract Luminance, contrast ratio and amplitude resolution are rapidly growing display specifications. Through a series of human factor studies we have developed simple guidelines for these specifications including viewer preference for luminance, optimal contrast ratio and amplitude resolution under realistic conditions.
Respiratory Changes in Vasovagal Syncope (2000)

There were significant differences in the respiratory and cardiovascular parameters measured between those who were positive and those who were negative for tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. Within the positive group, in addition to the falls in HR and BP, there were significant increases in minute volume and tidal volume during late tilt. This suggests that there may be a role for respiratory sensors in vasovagal syncope that may permit earlier and hence possibly more effective therapy for selected patients.