gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topological Constraint Theory Analysis of Rigidity Transition in Highly Coordinate Amorphous Hydrogenated Boron Carbide (2019)

Topological constraint theory (TCT) has revealed itself to be a powerful tool in interpreting the behaviors of amorphous solids. The theory predicts a transition between a ‘rigid’ overconstrained network and a ‘floppy’ underconstrained network as a function of connectivity or average coordination number, . The predicted results have been shown experimentally for various glassy materials, the majority of these being based on four-fold-coordinate networks such as chalcogenide and oxide glasses. Here, we demonstrate the broader applicability of topological constraint theory to uniquely coordinated amorphous hydrogenated boron carbide (a-BC:H), based on six-fold-coordinate boron atoms arranged into partially hydrogenated interconnected twelve-vertex icosahedra. We have produced a substantial set of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited a-BC:H films with a large range of densities and network coordination, and demonstrate a clear threshold in Young’s modulus as a function of , ascribed to a rigidity transition. We investigate constraint counting strategies in this material and show that by treating icosahedra as ‘superatoms,’ a rigidity transition is observed within the range of the theoretically predicted c value of 2.4 for covalent solids with bond-stretching and bond-bending forces. This experimental data set for a-BC:H is unique in that it represents a uniform change in connectivity with and demonstrates a distinct rigidity transition with data points both above and below the transition threshold. Finally, we discuss how TCT can be applied to explain and optimize mechanical and dielectric properties in a-BC:H and related materials in the context of microelectronics applications.
Visual Correspondences for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation on Electron Microscopy Images (2019)

We present an Unsupervised Domain Adaptation strategy to compensate for domain shifts on Electron Microscopy volumes. Our method aggregates visual correspondences-motifs that are visually similar across different acquisitions-to infer changes on the parameters of pretrained models, and enable them to operate on new data. In particular, we examine the annotations of an existing acquisition to determine pivot locations that characterize the reference segmentation, and use a patch matching algorithm to find their candidate visual correspondences in a new volume. We aggregate all the candidate correspondences by a voting scheme and we use them to construct a consensus heatmap: a map of how frequently locations on the new volume are matched to relevant locations from the original acquisition. This information allows us to perform model adaptations in two different ways: either by a) optimizing model parameters under a Multiple Instance Learning formulation, so that predictions between reference locations and their sets of correspondences agree, or by b) using high-scoring regions of the heatmap as soft labels to be incorporated in other domain adaptation pipelines, including deep learning ones. We show that these unsupervised techniques allow us to obtain high-quality segmentations on unannotated volumes, qualitatively consistent with results obtained under full supervision, for both mitochondria and synapses, with no need for new annotation effort.
ER Stress-Induced Clearance of Misfolded GPI-Anchored Proteins via the Secretory Pathway (2014)

Proteins destined for the cell surface are first assessed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for proper folding before release into the secretory pathway. This ensures that defective proteins are normally prevented from entering the extracellular environment, where they could be disruptive. Here, we report that, when ER folding capacity is saturated during stress, misfolded glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins dissociate from resident ER chaperones, engage export receptors, and quantitatively leave the ER via vesicular transport to the Golgi. Clearance from the ER commences within minutes of acute ER stress, before the transcriptional component of the unfolded protein response is activated. These aberrant proteins then access the cell surface transiently before destruction in lysosomes. Inhibiting this stress-induced pathway by depleting the ER-export receptors leads to aggregation of the ER-retained misfolded protein. Thus, this rapid response alleviates the elevated burden of misfolded proteins in the ER at the onset of ER stress, promoting protein homeostasis in the ER.
The Predominance of Hepatitis Delta Virus Genotype I Among Chronically Infected Italian Patients (1997)

The sera of 46 Italian patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection were analyzed for HDV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Genetic analysis of sequences amplified from two regions of the HDV genome indicated that all HDV RNA-positive patients (98%) were infected with HDV genotype I. In Italy, infection with this genotype appeared to be associated with a broad spectrum of chronic disease. No subtypes of HDV genotype I were identified, nor were genetic variations clearly associated with different disease patterns; however, clustering of some sequences suggested correlations with geography and transmission route. Italian HDV genotype I sequences were more diverse than those from east Asia and North America, suggesting that HDV genotype I was likely introduced to Italy earlier and/or from multiple sources as compared to those areas. All sequences analyzed were predicted to fold into the unbranched rod structure typical of HDV RNA. Within this structure, three conserved features were identified, including sequences around the RNA editing site and the polyadenylation signal site. We conclude that in Italy, where HDV infection has been endemic, the overwhelmingly predominant genotype of HDV is genotype I.
Characterizing Uplink Load (2006)

The maximum capacity of a CDMA cellular system’s radio interface depends on the time varying radio environment. This makes it hard to establish the amount of currently available capacity. The received interference power is the primarily resource in the uplink. Ability to predict how different resource management decisions affect this spatial quantity is therefore of utmost importance. The uplink interference power is related to the uplink load through the pole equation. In this chapter, we discuss both theoretical and practical aspects of uplink load estimation.
Soft-switching operation of edge-resonant output-inductor-less full-bridge converter (2016)

Output-inductor-less full-bridge converter for a High-Voltage Direct-Current power distribution system has been proposed. This proposed circuit topology suppresses the surge voltage due to the secondary-side diode's recovery, and miniaturizes the converter because the number of circuit components is reduced. On the other hand, some problems occur, such as the increasing switching-loss of primary switches and another high-frequency noise generation. This paper proposes a novel synchronous rectifier driving for the output-inductor-less full-bridge converter in order to solve these problems, and examines the noise reduction effect, and the relationship between ZVS operation conditions and circuit parameters. The proposed method does not need an external component, and then the smaller size is maintained. Furthermore, the experimental results confirm the power loss reduction of 20W in a wide load range, and also the noise reduction.
Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA with a Single-Molecule Sequencing Analysis Validated for Targeted and Immunotherapy Selection (2019)

We have demonstrated that OncoLBx detects VAFs of ≥ 0.1% for SNVs and indels, ≥ 0.5% for fusions, ≥ 4.5 copies for CNVs and ≥ 2% for MSI, with all variant types having specificity ≥ 99.999%. Diagnostic performance of paired samples displays 80% sensitivity and > 99.999% clinical specificity. Clinical utility and performance were assessed in 416 solid tumor samples. Variants were detected in 79% of samples, for which 87.34% of positive samples had available targeted therapy.
Comparison of different bile acid–phospholipid conjugates in acute hepatitis (2011)

Our data underline the superiority of UDCA-LPE compared to UDCA-PE in ameliorating acute liver inflammation. This indicates the significance of the lyso-functional group of bile acid conjugate for optimal hepatoprotection and reduction in inflammation in vivo.
Application of a design-build-team approach to low cost and weight composite fuselage structure (1991)

Relationships between manufacturing costs and design details must be understood to promote the application of advanced composite technologies to transport fuselage structures. A team approach, integrating the disciplines responsible for aircraft structural design and manufacturing, was developed to perform cost and weight trade studies for a twenty-foot diameter aft fuselage section. Baseline composite design and manufacturing concepts were selected for large quadrant panels in crown, side, and keel areas of the fuselage section. The associated technical issues were also identified. Detailed evaluation of crown panels indicated the potential for large weight savings and costs competitive with aluminum technology in the 1995 timeframe. Different processes and material forms were selected for the various elements that comprise the fuselage structure. Additional cost and weight savings potential was estimated for future advancements.
TFD: Torsion Fingerprints As a New Measure To Compare Small Molecule Conformations (2012)

Advantages like intuitive interpretation, objectivity, general applicability, and its easy, automated calculation make the rmsd (root-mean-squared deviation) the measure of choice for the investigation of the accuracy of conformational model generators. For comparing conformations of a single molecule this is a clearly superior method. Single molecule analysis is, however, a rare scenario. Typically, conformations are generated for huge corporate or external vendor databases of high diversity which are then further investigated with high-throughput computational methods like docking or pharmacophore searching, in virtual screening campaigns. Representative subsets for accuracy investigations of computational methods need to mimic this diversity. Averaged rmsd values over these data sets are frequently used to assess the accuracy of the methods. There are, however, significant weaknesses in rmsd comparisons for such kind of data sets. The interpretation is for example no longer intuitive because what can be expected in terms of good or bad rmsd values crucially depends on the data set composition like size or number of rotatable bonds of the underlying molecules. Further, rmsd lacks normalization which might result in very high averaged rmsd values for highly flexible molecules and thus might completely skew results. We have developed a novel measure to compare conformations of molecules called Torsion Fingerprint Deviation (TFD). It extracts, weights, and compares Torsion Fingerprints from a query molecule and generated conformations under consideration of acyclic bonds as well as ring systems. TFD is alignment-free and overcomes major limitations of rmsd while retaining its advantages.
The Role of Phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase in Mast Cell Homing to the Gastrointestinal Tract (2005)

Phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases essential in a variety of physiological reactions. A series of gene-targeted mice lacking different PI3Ks and related molecules has enabled us to understand their in vivo roles, particularly those of class IA members. Studies on knockout mice lacking class IA PI3Ks and knock-in mice expressing mutant forms of enzymes have revealed the importance of this class of PI3Ks in mast cell development in the gastrointestinal tract. Here we studied the role of the p85a regulatory subunit, the most abundantly expressed regulatory subunit of class IA PI3Ks, using p85a knockout mice. Development of mast cells in the gastrointestinal tract but not in the skin was severely impaired in mice lacking the p85a regulatory subunit. Stem cell factor (SCF)-mediated signalling functions including proliferative response and chemotactic activities were both impaired in p85a knockout mast cells, likely due to the mast cell deficiency. Mastocytosis upon Strongyloides veneZuelensis infection was also impaired in p85alpha knockout mice. Reconstitution with Th2-conditioned but not untreated bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) restored anti-bacterial immunity, indicating the importance of Th2 response in addition to the recruitment of mast cells in the control of nematode infection.
Synthetic Control of Crystallite Size of Silver Vanadium Phosphorous Oxide (Ag0.50VOPO4·1.9H2O): Impact on Electrochemistry (2017)

This report describes a synthetic approach to control the crystallite size of silver vanadium phosphorous oxide, Ag 0.50 VOPO 4 ·1.9H 2 O, and the impact on electrochemistry in lithium based batteries. Ag 0.50 VOPO 4 ·1.9H 2 O was synthesized over a range of temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the crystalline phase and the crystallite size sizes. Particle size and morphology were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and surface area measurements. Galvanostatic reduction and intermittent discharge were used to evaluate functional capacity and resistance. This systematic study of electrochemistry and material properties shows that deliverable capacity and cell resistance are impacted by both interparticle and intraparticle transport properties.
Spin coating of very thin polymer films (1994)

Abstract Very thin films of natural rubber, polystyrene, and poly(methylmethacrylate) have been spun‐cast on silicon wafers from dilute solutions of toluene and cyclohexane. Layers were uniform across the wafers, ranging from 0.5 to 170 nm, as measured by ellipsometry. Their average thickness e increased with solution concentration and decreased with rotational rate w . Changing the volume of the solution pipetted onto the wafers did not affect the final thickness, whereas changing the solvent did. The previously reported empirical relation for much thicker films, e α ω −1/2 , held over the range investigated here.
Supplementary Table 2 from Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Impairs CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Activation by Inhibition of lck: Implications in Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Prostaglandin E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Impairs CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T Cell Activation by Inhibition of lck: Implications in Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Polymers Made by Inverse Vulcanization for Use as Mercury Sorbents (2021)

Inverse vulcanization is a process in which highly abundant and low-cost elemental sulfur is copolymerized with an unsaturated organic molecule such as a polyene. This process has provided a variety of useful materials with high sulfur content—typically 50% or greater in sulfur by mass. These materials have garnered increasing interest in research as sorbents for mercury, due to the high affinity of sulfur for mercury. In this review, the features of mercury sorbents made by inverse vulcanization are presented. Additionally, case studies are provided to illustrate the variety of polymer architectures accessible with this chemistry, the versatility of these materials in mercury remediation, and prospects for industrial use. 1 Introduction 2 Sulfur Polymers by Inverse Vulcanization 3 Sulfur Polymers as Mercury Sorbents 4 Increasing Surface Area to Improve Mercury Uptake 5 Crosslinker Considerations 6 Sorption of Different Forms of Mercury 7 Life-Cycle Management 8 Conclusions and Outlook
Anthocyanins fromVitis coignetiaePulliat Inhibit Cancer Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, but These Effects Can Be Attenuated by Tumor Necrosis Factor in Human Uterine Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells (2013)

Recently we have demonstrated that anthocyanins from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (AIMs) have anticancer effects. Here, we investigate the effects of AIMs on cell proliferation and invasion as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which have been linked to cancer metastasis in human uterine cervical cancer HeLa cells. AIMs inhibited the invasion of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner. AIMs inhibited MMP-9 expression in a dose-dependent manner. AIMs inhibited the motility of HeLa cells in a wound healing test. AIMs still suppressed NF- κ B activation induced by TNF. AIMs also inhibited EMT in HeLa cells. AIMs suppressed vimentin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin expression and induced E-cadherin. AIMs also suppressed expression of β-catenin and Snail, which was regulated by GSK-3. These effects of AIMs were also limited in the HeLa cells treated with TNF. In conclusion, this study indicates that AIMs have anticancer effects by suppressing NF- κ B-regulated genes and EMT, which relates to suppression of I κ B α phosphorylation and GSK-3 activity, respectively. However, the effects of AIMs were attenuated in the TNF-high condition.
PROTECTING YOUR PARKING STRUCTURE (1991)

The best time to protect a parking structure is at the time of construction or within a year after initial settlement has occurred, in order to prevent or drastically reduce penetration of water-borne chlorides and other deleterious materials. This article details pavement protection methods for new pavement and maintenance of existing concrete pavements.
Loss of Endothelial Tie1 Receptor Impairs Lymphatic Vessel Development-Brief Report (2009)

Our data show that loss of Tie1 results in lymphatic vascular abnormalities that precede the blood vessel phenotype. These findings indicate that Tie1 is involved in lymphangiogenesis and suggest differential requirements for Tie1 signaling in the two vascular compartments.
Performance analysis of Linux containers for high performance computing applications (2017)

Although cloud infrastructures can be used as High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms, many issues from virtualisation overhead have kept them almost unrelated. However, with advent of container-based virtualisation, this scenario acquires new perspectives because this technique promises to decrease the virtualisation overhead, achieving a near-native performance. In this work, we analyse the performance of a container-based virtualisation solution - Linux Container (LXC) - against a hypervisor-based virtualisation solution - KVM - under HPC activities. For our experiments, we consider CPU and (network and inter-process) communication performance. Results show that hypervisor type can impact distinctly in performance according to resource used by HPC application.
High Speed 4x4 Microwave Switch Matrix Using MMIC SPST Switch for Satellite Applications (2006)

A low insertion loss scatter 4/spl times/4 microwave switch matrix (MSM) using monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) absorptive single-pole single-throw (SPST) switches is designed and measured for communications satellite applications. For a low insertion loss scatter of all 16 paths, we use Lange couplers for 4-way dividers/combiners in the input and output distribution. The measured insertion loss scatter and on-to-off isolation over the 3.2GHz to 3.7GHz frequency range are less than /spl plusmn/0.3dB and greater than 45dB, respectively. The high speed MSM exhibits a switching time less than 15ns.
One-step connection method for the measurement of N-port microwave networks using six-port techniques (1994)

In this paper, a one-step method for the measurement of microwave N-port network using N calibrated six-port junctions is presented. Different methods of calibration of microwave N-port network analysers are reviewed and a new method is introduced for calibrating a N-six-port network analyser (NSPNA) including a one-step connection N-port network S-parameter measurement method. The measurement bandwidth is limited to that of the six-port junctions themselves and it can therefore cover at least several octaves.
Human endothelial cells synthesize, process, and secrete fibronectin molecules bearing an alternatively spliced type III homology (ED1) (1990)

Cellular fibronectin (Fn) bearing an alternatively spliced extra type III structural repeat (ED1) is normally present at low concentrations in blood plasma. The source of this material remains uncertain. In this study, primary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) labeled with 35S-methionine were observed to synthesize Fn monomers both with and without this segment. Monomers isolated from cell lysates with antibodies to the ED1 sequence comigrated in nonreduced sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the slower (designated M1), but not the faster (designated M2), of two major monomeric populations that were recognized by antibodies raised to plasma-derived Fn. The differences between M1 and M2 were not due to glycosylation, since they were also observed between species of Fn monomer purified from cells grown in the presence of tunicamycin. M1 and M2 were both observed to incorporate with a similar rate into dimeric Fn, indicating that Fn monomers with and without the ED1 site can dimerize with similar efficiency. Analysis of reduced samples of Fn isolated from cells with anti-ED1 antibodies indicated the presence of both M1-M1 and M1-M2 dimers. In addition to being incorporated into extracellular matrix, ED1 + Fn was observed to be secreted in soluble form into the medium, potentially reflecting intravascular release of this protein by endothelial cells in vivo.
Close contacts and noncovalent interactions in crystals (2017)

Close contacts, defined as interatomic separations less than the sum of the respective van der Waals radii, are commonly invoked to identify attractive nonbonded interactions in crystal lattices. While this is often effective, it can also be misleading because (a) there are significant uncertainties associated with van der Waals radii, and (b) it may not be valid to attribute the interactions solely to specific pairs of atoms. The interactions within crystal lattices are Coulombic, and the strongest positive and/or negative regions do not always correspond to the positions of atoms; they are sometimes located between atoms. Examples of both types are given and discussed, focusing in particular upon σ-hole interactions.
Insulinlike growth factors bind to specific receptors in isolated pancreatic acini (1984)

Recently we have demonstrated the existence of specific receptors for insulin on pancreatic acini. Employing 125I-labeled insulinlike growth factors (IGFs) and insulin, we report the existence of distinct receptors for IGF-I and IGF-II on mouse pancreatic acini. Insulin competes with 125I-IGF-I with 1,000-fold less potency. By contrast, insulin increases the binding of 125I-IGF-II to its receptor. IGF in turn inhibits 125I-insulin binding to its receptor but with 250-fold less potency. Thus, distinct receptors exist on acini for IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin. Moreover, IGF, like insulin, stimulates sugar transport by acini. The mechanism of IGF stimulation may be similar to insulin, as the effect of maximal concentrations of the two peptides when added together is not additive. These results raise the possibility, therefore, that IGFs may be a new class of physiological regulators of pancreatic acinar cell function.
Low frequency vibrations in polyvinylidene fluoride (form II) (1973)

The far-infrared spectra of crystalline polyvinylidene fluoride (form II) has been obtained at temperatures ranging from 13 to 373 °K. The results show four lines at 53, 85, 102, and 175 cm−1. The latter three lines are assigned to intramolecular vibrations of a single TGTG′ chain. The 53 cm−1 line is attributed to a rotatory lattice mode predicted by a factor group analysis of space group P21/c and substantiated by both crystallinity studies and by the investigation of frequency shifts and intensity changes with decreasing temperature. The latter is consistent with a contraction of the unit cell at low temperatures and an increasing intermolecular interaction between the two chains in the unit cell.