gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A robust recognition system for a drawing superimposed on a map (1992)

A robust and efficient drawing recognition system that is based on a representation technique using accurate shape and topological line information for an input drawing image is described. This representation supports primitive decomposition and object extraction that enable accurate automatic interpretation even for low-quality drawings. The system, which is adapted to an underground electric cable diagram, has been implemented on a workstation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Protocols for processes (2004)

The modeling and enactment of business processes is being recognized as key to modern information management. The expansion of Web services has increased the attention given to processes, because processes are how services are composed and put to good use. However, current approaches are inadequate for flexibly modeling and enacting processes. These approaches take a logically centralized view of processes, treating a process as an implementation of a composed service. They provide low-level scripting languages to specify how a service may be implemented, rather than what interactions are expected from it. Consequently, existing approaches fail to adequately accommodate the essential properties of the business partners in a process (the partners would be realized via services)---their <i>autonomy</i> (freedom of action), <i>heterogeneity</i> (freedom of design), and <i>dynamism</i> (freedom of configuration).
Active cells for redundant and configurable articulated structures (2014)

The proposed research effort explores the development of active cells—simple contractile electro-mechanical units that can be used as the material basis for larger articulable structures. Each cell, which might be considered a 'muscle unit,' consists of a contractile Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) core with conductive terminals. Large numbers of these cells might be combined and externally powered to change phase, contracting to either articulate with a large strain or increase the stiffness of the ensemble, depending on the cell design. Unlike traditional work in modular robotics, the approach presented here focuses on cells that have a simplistic design and function, are inexpensive to fabricate, and are eventually scalable to sub-millimeter sizes, working toward our vision of articulated and robotic structures that can be custom-fabricated from large numbers of general cell units, similar to biological structures. In this paper, we present the design of the active cells and demonstrate their usage with three articulated structures built with them.
Application of the Granzyme B ELISPOT Assay for Monitoring Cancer Vaccine Trials (2006)

Granzyme B (GrB) is present in the granules of cytolytic lymphocytes and is a key mediator of cell-mediated target cell death via the granule-mediated pathway. The release of GrB can be used as an indicator of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. Herein, we report that the GrB enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) can be used to measure ex vivo antigen-specific cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cancer patients vaccinated with a peptide-based cancer vaccine. We compare the reactivity of patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the GrB ELISPOT with reactivity in the tetramer, interferon (IFN)-gamma ELISPOT, and Cr-release assays. Differences in immune response over all assays tested were found between patients and 4 response patterns were observed. Reactivity in the GrB ELISPOT was more closely associated with cytotoxicity in the Cr-release assay than the tetramer or IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays. Moreover, the higher affinity g209-2M peptide (used for vaccination) elicited greater GrB secretion than the native g209 peptide, although this difference was not observed with IFN-gamma secretion. Taken together with the fact that GrB is a specific mediator released by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, these results show that simultaneous use of the GrB ELISPOT assay with other immunologic assays may provide important additional immunologic insight into patient responses to cancer vaccines.
Design, synthesis, and subtype selectivity of 3,6-disubstituted β-carbolines at Bz/GABA(A)ergic receptors. SAR and studies directed toward agents for treatment of alcohol abuse (2020)

A series of 3,6-disubstituted β-carbolines was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro affinities at αxβ3γ2 GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor subtypes by radioligand binding assays in search of α1 subtype selective ligands to treat alcohol abuse. Analogues of β-carboline-3-carboxylate-t-butyl ester (βCCt, 1) were synthesized via a CDI-mediated process and the related 6-substituted β-carboline-3-carboxylates 6 including WYS8 (7) were synthesized via a Sonogashira or Stille coupling processes from 6-iodo βCCt (5). The bivalent ligands of βCCt (32 and 33) were also designed and prepared via a palladium-catalyzed homocoupling process to expand the structure-activity relationships (SAR) to larger ligands. Based on the pharmacophore/receptor model, a preliminary SAR study on 34 analogues illustrated that large substituents at position -6 of the β-carbolines were well tolerated. As expected, these groups are proposed to project into the extracellular domain (LDi region) of GABAA/Bz receptors (see 32 and 33). Moreover, substituents located at position -3 of the β-carboline nucleus exhibited a conserved stereo interaction in lipophilic pocket L1, while N(2) presumably underwent a hydrogen bonding interaction with H1. Three novel β-carboline ligands (βCCt, 3PBC and WYS8), which preferentially bound to α1 BzR subtypes permitted a comparison of the pharmacological efficacies with a range of classical BzR antagonists (flumazenil, ZK93426) from several different structural groups and indicated these β-carbolines were “near GABA neutral antagonists”. Based on the SAR, the most potent (in vitro) α1 selective ligand was the 6-substituted acetylenyl βCCt (WYS8, 7). Earlier both βCCt and 3PBC had been shown to reduce alcohol self-administration in alcohol preferring (P) and high alcohol drinking (HAD) rats but had little or no effect on sucrose self-administration.1–3 These data prompted the synthesis of the β-carbolines presented here.
Syndromes Revised International Prognostic Scoring System for Myelodysplastic (2012)

doi:10.1182/blood-2012-03-420489Prepublished online June 27, 2012;2012 120: 2454-2465€€€€Loosdrecht, Ulrich Germing and Detlef HaaseWolfgang R. Sperr, Reinhard Stauder, Sudhir Tauro, Peter Valent, Teresa Vallespi, Arjan A. van de Maciejewski, Silvia M. M. Magalhaes, Yasushi Miyazaki, Michael Pfeilstocker, Mikkael Sekeres,Fonatsch, Michelle M. Le Beau, Marilyn L. Slovak, Otto Krieger, Michael Luebbert, Jaroslaw Andrea Kuendgen, Alessandro Levis, Luca Malcovati, Mario Cazzola, Jaroslav Cermak, ChristaFrancesc Sole, John M. Bennett, David Bowen, Pierre Fenaux, Francois Dreyfus, Hagop Kantarjian, Peter L. Greenberg, Heinz Tuechler, Julie Schanz, Guillermo Sanz, Guillermo Garcia-Manero,€
Ammonification in Bacillus subtilis Utilizing Dissimilatory Nitrite Reductase Is Dependent on resDE (1998)

During anaerobic nitrate respiration Bacillus subtilis reduces nitrate via nitrite to ammonia. No denitrification products were observed. B. subtilis wild-type cells and a nitrate reductase mutant grew anaerobically with nitrite as an electron acceptor. Oxygen-sensitive dissimilatory nitrite reductase activity was demonstrated in cell extracts prepared from both strains with benzyl viologen as an electron donor and nitrite as an electron acceptor. The anaerobic expression of the discovered nitrite reductase activity was dependent on the regulatory system encoded by resDE. Mutation of the gene encoding the regulatory Fnr had no negative effect on dissimilatory nitrite reductase formation.
Objective quantification of the motion of soft tissues in the orbit (2000)

Orbital soft-tissue motion analysis aids in the localization and diagnosis of orbital disorders. A technique has been developed to objectively quantify and visualize motion in the orbit during gaze. T1-weighted MR volume sequences are acquired during gaze and soft-tissue motion is quantified using optical flow techniques. The flow field is visualized using color-coding: orientation of the flow vector is coded by hue and magnitude by saturation of the pixel. Current clinical circumstances limit MR image acquisition to short sequences and short acquisition times. The effect of these limitations on the performance of optical flow computation has been studied for four representative optical flow algorithms: on short (nine frames) and long (21 frames) simulated sequences of rotation of a magnetic resonance (MR) imaged object, on short measured MR sequences of controlled rotation of the same object and on short MR sequences of motion in the orbit. On the short simulated and motion-controlled sequences, the Lucas and Kanade algorithm showed the best performance with respect to both accuracy and robustness. These motion estimates were accurate to within 20%. Motion in the orbit ranged between 0.05 and 0.25 mm/degree gaze. Color-coding was found to be attractive as a visualization technique, because it shows both magnitude and orientation of all flow vectors without cluttering.
Molecular Mobility in Keratin-Rich Materials Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Tool for the Evaluation of Structure-Giving Properties (2023)

Keratins are structural proteins that are abundant in human skin, nails, and hair, where they provide mechanical strength. In the present study, we investigate the molecular mobilities and structures of three keratin-rich materials with clearly different mechanical properties: nails, stratum corneum (upper layer of epidermis), and keratinocytes (from lower layer of epidermis). We use solid-state NMR on natural-abundance <sup>13</sup>C to characterize small changes in molecular dynamics in these biological materials with close to atomistic resolution. One strong advantage of this method is that it detects small fractions of mobile components in a molecularly complex material while it simultaneously gives information on the rigid components in the very same sample. The molecular mobility can be linked to mechanical material properties in different conditions, including hydration or exposure to osmolytes or organic solvents. Importantly, the study revealed that the response to both hydration and addition of urea is clearly different for the nail keratin compared to the stratum corneum keratin. The comparative examination of these materials may provide a better understanding of skin diseases originating from keratin malfunction and contributes to the design and development of new materials.
Search for contact interactions inμ+μ−events inppcollisions ats=7  TeV (2013)

Results are reported from a search for the effects of contact interactions using events with a high-mass, oppositely charged muon pair. The events are collected in proton-proton collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 7 TeV using the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5:3 fb 1 . The observed dimuon mass spectrum is consistent with that expected from the standard model. The data are interpreted in the context of a quark-and muon-compositeness model with a left-handed isoscalar current and an energy scale parameter . The 95% confidence level lower limit on is 9.5 TeV under the assumption of destructive interference between the standard model and contact-interaction amplitudes. For constructive interference, the limit is 13.1 TeV. These limits are comparable to the most stringent ones reported to date.
Halftone biasing OPC technology: an approach for achieving fine bias control on raster-scan systems (1999)

As the semiconductor roadmap continues to require imaging of smaller features on wafers, we continue to explore new approaches in OPC strategies to enhance existing technology. Advanced reticle design, intended for printing sub-wavelength features, requires the support of very fine-increment biases on semi-densely-pitched lines, where the CD correction requires only a fraction of the spot size of an e-beam system. Halftone biasing, a new OPC strategy, has been proposed to support these biases on a raster-scan e-beam system without the need for a reduced address unit and the consequent write time penalty. The manufacturability and inspectability of halftone-biased lines are explored, using an OPC characterization reticle. Pattern fidelity is examined using both optical and SEM tools. Printed DUV resist line edge profiles are compared for both halftone and non-halftone feature edges. Halftone biasing was applied to an SRAM-type simulation reticle, to examine its impact on data volume, write time reduction, and printing performance.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Rapid Regeneration of Alcohols from Their Allylic Ethers by Chlorotrimethylsilane/Sodium Iodide. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Coherent Optical and Radio Seamless Transmission Based on DSP-Aided Radio-over-Fiber Technology (2013)

We propose and demonstrate a coherent optical and radio seamless transmission system for enhancing network resilience. By using radio-over-fiber technology with digital-signal-processing-aided coherent detection, high capacity optical/radio transmission can be achieved.
Endoscopic Therapy for Chronic Pancreatitis (2005)

When endoscopic therapy is used for the treatment of patients with painful chronic pancreatitis, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) can be proposed as a first-line approach when obstructive ductal stone(s) induce upstream dilation of the main pancreatic duct. Stone fragmentation by ESWL is followed by endoscopic ductal drainage using pancreatic sphincterotomy, fragmented stone(s) extraction, and pancreatic stenting in case of ductal stricture. After completion of endoscopic pancreatic ductal drainage, long-term clinical benefit can be expected for two thirds of the patients. Best clinical results are associated with absence or cessation of smoking and with early treatment in the course of chronic pancreatitis, while alcohol abuse increases the risks of diabetes, steatorrhea and mortality. The complications of chronic pancreatitis are mainly the development of pseudocyst secondary to the downstream ductal obstruction, and biliary obstruction caused by fibrotic changes in the head of the pancreas. Successful endoscopic pseudocyst drainage is currently obtained in most patients, and carries a low complication rate. Biliary stenting is a safe and effective technique for the short-term treatment of symptomatic bile duct stricture due to chronic pancreatitis, but permanent resolution is obtained in only 25% of cases. In conclusion, endoscopic management is now considered to be the preferred interventional treatment of chronic pancreatitis, for patients selected on the basis of the anatomical changes caused by the disease. This treatment is generally safe, minimally invasive, often effective for years, does not prevent further surgery, and can be repeated.
Effects of Lower-Hybrid Heating on the Hot Electrons in an Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance Plasma (1975)

Experiments were performed on an electron cyclotron resonance plasma in a dc magnetic mirror to determine the effects of lower hybrid resonance radiation on the anisotropy of the plasma. It was found that the anisotropy of the plasma hot electrons decreased, the flux of hot electrons escaping through the mirror throats decreased and the midplane wall bremsstrahlung rate slightly increased as lower hybrid resonance power was increased. This is explained by observing that cold plasma, expelled by the lower hybrid radiation, decreases the number of scattering centers in the midplane, which results in a deeper diamagnetic well for the hot electrons.
IMMUNOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (RCCa) USING INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2) BASED THERAPY ADMINISTERED EITHER ALONE OR WITH IN VIVO PRIMED OR CD8+ SELECTED TUMOR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES (TIL) (1993)

Journal of Immunotherapy with Emphasis on Tumor Immunology: January 1993 - Volume 13 - Issue 1 - p 69
Sound transmission measurements through porous screens (2016)

The two microphone transfer function technique is used to measure sound transmission properties of porous screens or membranes in a plane wave tube. This paper will compare sound transmission of porous screens from several manufacturers. Measurements are made with two different plane wave tubes, one of diameter 10.2 cm to measure frequencies between 100 Hz and 2 kHz, and the other of diameter 1.3 cm to measure frequencies between 2 kHz and 16 kHz. Multiple methods of transmission loss measurement and analysis are presented. Special considerations are made to account for the intrinsic losses in the smaller diameter tube.
Abstract 3078: GSK-3 inhibitor 9ING41 potentiates the antitumor effects of CPT-11 in human breast cancer (2016)

Abstract Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), a serine/threonine protein kinase, has been demonstrated to be potential therapeutic target in human breast cancer. Our objective was to evaluate novel GSK-3 inhibitors alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for the targeted therapy of breast cancer. Using a short-term treatment, we found that the GSK-3 inhibitor 9ING41 significantly potentiates the antitumor effects of CPT-11, cisplatin and 5-FU to inhibit breast cancer cell growth. We established hormone-refractory BC-1 and BC-2 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models from metastatic pleural effusions that were obtained from breast cancer patients. We considered BC-1 and BC-2 PDX tumors as chemoresistant, because metastatic disease progressed in both cases in despite of the fact that patients received many cycles of chemotherapy. Although we found that BC-1 and BC-2 PDX tumors express estrogen receptor (ER), both PDX tumors carried activating mutations in ESR1. These mutations confer ligand-independent activity of the ER in tamoxifen-resistant breast tumors. We found that BC-1 and BC-2 PDX tumors grew without estradiol supplementation in immunodeficient mice, which suggests a hormone-refractory nature of these tumors. We found that GSK-3 inhibitor 9ING41 potentiates the effects of chemotherapeutic drug CPT-11, and leads to the regression of BC-1 and BC-2 breast PDX tumors. Our results demonstrate inhibition of GSK-3 as a promising therapeutic approach to overcome breast cancer chemoresistance, and identify GSK-3 inhibitor 9ING41 as a drug candidate for the targeted therapy of human breast cancer. Citation Format: Andrey Ugolkov, Irina Gaisina, Kevin White, Alan Kozikowski, Thomas O’Halloran, Andrew Mazar. GSK-3 inhibitor 9ING41 potentiates the antitumor effects of CPT-11 in human breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3078.
Effect of Chain Stiffness on Nanoparticle Segregation in Polymer/Nanoparticle Blends Near a Substrate (2011)

Abstract Nanoparticles in a flexible polymer melt film often segregate to the substrate due to attractive depletion interactions between the nanoparticles and the substrate. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the effect of chain stiffness on this segregation. The nanoparticles are modeled as spheres and the polymers as semi‐flexible bead‐spring chains. Both purely repulsive and attractive forces are considered, while assuming non‐selective interactions among all species. The nanoparticles are found to be well‐dispersed in the system having repulsive forces only and aggregate into clusters in the completely attractive system. For the repulsive system, adding chain stiffness substantially decreases the nanoparticles' segregation, and hence their concentration, at the substrate. magnified image
Comparison between Discontinuous and Continuous Lactose Conversion Processes for the Production of Prebiotic Galacto-oligosaccharides Using β-Galactosidase from Lactobacillus reuteri (2007)

Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formation from lactose in discontinuous and continuous modes of conversion was investigated using beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) from Lactobacillus reuteri. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with an external crossflow membrane was set up, and continuous GOS production was analyzed and compared to the batchwise formed GOS product. Marked differences were detected for the two reactor setups. Above 65% lactose conversion, the GOS yield was lower for the CSTR due to a lower content of tri- and tetrasaccharides in the reaction mixture. In the CSTR, beta-gal from L. reuteri showed up to 2-fold higher specificity toward the formation of beta-(1-->6)-linked GOS, with beta-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Glc and beta-D-Galp-(1-->6)-D-Gal being the main GOS components formed under these conditions. This could be used to synthesize more defined GOS products.
Ruthenium(III) Triazacyclononane Dithiocarbamate, Pyridinecarboxylate, or Aminocarboxylate Complexes as Scavengers of Nitric Oxide (2003)

The preparation of a series of [Ru(III)(tacn)(eta(2)-dtc)(eta(1)-dtc)][PF(6)] (tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane; dtc = dimethyldithiocarbamate, diethyldithiocarbamate, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, l-prolinedithiocarbamate, l-prolinemethyl ester dithiocarbamate, l-N-methylisoleucinedithiocarbamate) complexes, 5-11, is described. Complex 5 reacts with NO to form the ruthenium nitrosyl complex 12. A series of [Ru(III)(tacn)(pyc)Cl][PF(6)] (pyc = 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid, 2,4- and 2,6-pyridinecarboxylic acid) complexes, 14-16, were prepared along with [Ru(III)(tacn)(mida)][PF(6)] (mida = N-methyliminodiacetic acid), 13, and [Ru(III)(Hnota)Cl], 17, (Hnota = 1-acetic acid-4,7-bismethylcarboxylate-1,4,7-triazacyclononane). Complexes 5-17 were evaluated for use as NO scavengers in an in vitro assay using RAW264 murine macrophage cells. [Ru(III)(tacn)(eta(2)-dtc)(eta(1)-dtc)][PF(6)] complexes 5-11 are very efficient NO scavengers in this assay.
Effect of Early and Delayed Mechanical Loading on Tendon-to-Bone Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2010)

Delayed application of cyclic axial load after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction resulted in improved mechanical and biological parameters of tendon-to-bone healing compared with those associated with immediate loading or prolonged postoperative immobilization of the knee.
Financial Risk Sharing with Providers in Health Maintenance Organizations, 1999 (2002)

The transfer of financial risk from health maintenance organizations (HMOs) to providers is controversial. To provide timely national data on these practices, we conducted a telephone survey in 1999 of a multi-staged probability sample of HMOs in 20 of the nation's 60 largest markets, accounting for 86% of all HMO enrollees nationally. Among those sampled, 82% responded. We found that HMOs' provider networks with physicians, hospitals, skilled nursing homes, and home health agencies are complex and multi-tiered Seventy-six percent of HMOs in our study use contracts for their HMO products that involve global, professional services, or hospital risk capitation to intermediate entities. These arrangements account for between 24.5 million and 27.4 million of the 55.9 million commercial and Medicare HMO enrollees in the 60 largest markets. While capitation arrangements are particularly common in California, they are more common elsewhere than many assume. The complex layering of risk sharing and delegation of care management responsibility raise questions about accountability and administrative costs in managed care. Do complex structures provide a way to involve providers more directly in managed care, or do they diffuse authority and add to administrative costs?