gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Potentiometric Indirect Uric Acid Sensor Based on ZnO Nanoflakes and Immobilized Uricase (2012)

In the present work zinc oxide nanoflakes (ZnO-NF) structures with a wall thickness around 50 to 100 nm were synthesized on a gold coated glass substrate using a low temperature hydrothermal method. The enzyme uricase was electrostatically immobilized in conjunction with Nafion membrane on the surface of well oriented ZnO-NFs, resulting in a sensitive, selective, stable and reproducible uric acid sensor. The electrochemical response of the ZnO-NF-based sensor vs. a Ag/AgCl reference electrode was found to be linear over a relatively wide logarithmic concentration range (500 nM to 1.5 mM). In addition, the ZnO-NF structures demonstrate vast surface area that allow high enzyme loading which results provided a higher sensitivity. The proposed ZnO-NF array-based sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of ~66 mV/ decade in test electrolyte solutions of uric acid, with fast response time. The sensor response was unaffected by normal concentrations of common interferents such as ascorbic acid, glucose, and urea.
Towards flow Estimation in the Common Carotid Artery Using Free-Hand Cross-Sectional Doppler (2019)

Quantifying blood flow is of major clinical importance for the assessment of the cardiovascular status. Longitudinal flow measurements in the common carotid suffer from operator-dependency and are very sensitive to motion. In this work, a method is proposed to perform flow estimation from cross-sectional acquisitions, which reduces operator-dependency and is more robust to motion. By modeling the vessel as a cylinder, the intersection between the ultrasound plane and the vessel is an ellipse. The properties of this ellipse (semi-major and semi- minor axis, rotation and center position) are used to estimate the Doppler angle (beam-to-flow angle). This method was tested in vitro on a constant flow phantom using a wide variety of Doppler angles, where the errors in the flow estimates were below 10%. Further research should aim at quantifying the sensitivity of this method and validating this method in vivo.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interactions between Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Receptor GFRα1 and Small-Molecule Ligands (2018)

The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs) support the survival and functioning of various neuronal populations. Thus, they could be attractive therapeutic agents against a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases caused by progressive death of GFLs responsive neurons. Small-molecule ligands BT13 and BT18 show an effect on GDNF family receptor GFRα1 and RET receptor tyrosine kinase RetA function. Thus, their potential binding sites and interactions were explored in the GDNF-GFRα1-RetA complex using molecular docking calculations as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Three possible regions were examined: the interface between GDNF and GFRα1 (region A), the RetA interface with GFRα1 (region B), and a possible allosteric site in GFRα1 (region C). The results obtained by the docking calculations and the MD simulations indicate that the preferable binding occurs at the allosteric site. A less preferable binding site was detected on the RetA surface interfacing GFRα1. In the membrane-bound state of RetA this can enable compounds BT13 and BT18 to act as direct RetA agonists. The analysis of the MD simulations shows hydrogen bonds for BT13 and significant hydrophobic interactions with GFRα1 for BT13 and BT18 at the allosteric site.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL METHYLENE COMPLEXES. 13. PROTON‐INDUCED RING OPENING OF A DIMETALLACYCLOPROPANE‐TYPE μ‐METHYLENE‐RHODIUM COMPOUND. A STRAIGHTFORWARD NOVEL ROUTE TO HALO(METHYL) COMPLEXES (1980)

Abstract Bei Einwirkung von Halogenwasserstoff‐ Säuren auf (I) erhält man nahezu quantitativ die stabilen neutralen Verbindungen (III), die IR‐ und NMR‐spektroskopisch charakterisiert wurden.
The influence of the package environment on the functioning and reliability of capacitive RF-MEMS switches (2005)

This article discusses the influence of the packaging process and environment on the functioning and reliability of capacitive RF-microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). It is shown that the packaging temperature profile can change the mechanical stress in the suspended metal bridge of the MEMS. Decreasing the environmental pressure strongly influences the switching speed of switch, but if it becomes too low, it causes anomalous vibration effects. When testing at the same pressure, the lifetime of the capacitive switches is shown to be higher in a nitrogen environment than in an ambient air (laboratory) environment. The lifetime is determined by the charging process of the insulator. It is shwon that this charge is not stable and that the switch recovers when it is not actuated.
Deletion of Placental Growth Factor Prevents Diabetic Retinopathy and Is Associated With Akt Activation and HIF1α-VEGF Pathway Inhibition (2014)

A new diabetic mouse strain, the Akita.PlGF knockout ((-/-)), was generated to study the role of placental growth factor (PlGF) in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). PlGF deletion did not affect blood glucose but reduced the body weight of Akita.PlGF(-/-) mice. Diabetes-induced retinal cell death, capillary degeneration, pericyte loss, and blood-retinal barrier breakdown were prevented in these mice. Protein expression of PlGF was upregulated by diabetes, particularly in vascular cells. Diabetes-induced degradation of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin was reversed due to PlGF deficiency; their expression was correlated with that of sonic hedgehog and angiopoietin-1. PlGF deletion in Akita mice resulted in an increased Akt phosphorylation. Diabetes-activated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, including expression of HIF1α, VEGF, VEGFR1-3, and the extent of phospho (p)-VEGFR1, p-VEGFR2, and p-endothelial nitric oxide synthase, was inhibited in the retinas of diabetic PlGF(-/-) mice. However, expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, CD11b, and CD18 was not inhibited by PlGF deletion, nor was retinal leukostasis. These results suggest that PlGF is critical for the development of DR, and its genetic deletion protects the retina from diabetic damage. Protective mechanisms are associated with Akt activation and HIF1α-VEGF pathway inhibition, but independent of retinal leukostasis in the retinas of diabetic PlGF(-/-) mice.
Formation of Ultra-Shallow and Low-Reverse-Bias-Current Tantalum-Silicided Junctions Using a Si-Encapsulated Silicidation Technique and Low-Temperature Furnace Annealing below 550°C (1998)

Low-temperature processing, below 550°C, has been developed to form ultra-shallow, low-leakage, and low-contact-resistance junctions with tantalum silicide. We have experimentally demonstrated that the amount of residual defects after ion implantation and subsequent low-temperature annealing is strongly dependent on the substrate dopant concentration for both n + p and p + n junctions. It is also confirmed that ion implantation through Ta is not the main factor inducing larger leakage due to metal-knock-on. As a result, ultra-low leakage current (7.8×10 -10 A/cm 2 and 6.6×10 -10 A/cm 2 for n + p and p + n junctions at reverse-bias of 5 V) and ultra-shallow junction depth (70 nm and 40 nm for n + p and p + n junctions) have been achieved in Ta-silicided junctions at an annealing temperature of as low as ∼550°C, by employing an ultraclean ion implanter, Si-encapsulated silicidation, and low-dopant-concentration substrate.
The Foundational Work of Harrison-Ruzzo-Ullman Revisited (2012)

The work by Harrison, Ruzzo, and Ullman (the HRU paper) on safety in the context of the access matrix model is widely considered to be foundational work in access control. In this paper, we address two errors we have discovered in the HRU paper. To our knowledge, these errors have not been previously reported in the literature. The first error regards a proof that shows that safety analysis for mono-operational HRU systems is in NP. The error stems from a faulty assumption that such systems are monotonic for the purpose of safety analysis. We present a corrected proof in this paper. The second error regards a mapping from one version of the safety problem to another that is presented in the HRU paper. We demonstrate that the mapping is not a reduction, and present a reduction that enables us to infer that the second version of safety introduced in the HRU paper is also undecidable for the HRU scheme. These errors lead us to ask whether the notion of safety as defined in the HRU paper is meaningful. We introduce other notions of safety that we argue have more intuitive appeal, and present the corresponding safety analysis results for the HRU scheme.
Characterizing resistance to soybean cyst nematode in PI 494182, an early maturing soybean accession (2020)

Abstract The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) ( Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) generates more damage to soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] than any other parasite in most soybean‐producing countries. The use of SCN‐resistant cultivars remains the most effective method to limit losses caused by SCN. The SCN‐resistant accession PI 88788 has been used almost exclusively to control SCN over the past decades, inducing a shift in nematode virulence to overcome the resistance. Furthermore, PI 88788 and other sources of resistance characterized to date belong to maturity groups (MGs) III and higher, making them less attractive to develop early maturing soybean varieties (MGs 0‐000). In this work, we performed a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of the SCN‐resistant soybean accession PI 494182 (MG 0). A recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population (‘Costaud’ × PI 494182) segregating for SCN resistance was challenged with SCN ( H. glycines [HG] type 0) and genotyped via genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) to produce a genetic map. Six resistance QTL were identified, including a potentially new resistance locus on chromosome 07. A subset of the RIL population was confronted to a HG type 2.5.7 SCN population and some of these exhibited resistance toward this type. Whole‐genome sequencing of PI 494182 and Costaud allowed us to determine the alleles and their copy number for three candidate genes: GmSNAP11 , GmSNAP18 ( Rhg1 ), and GmSHMT08 ( Rhg4 ). Finally, we determined that selecting for PI 494182 alleles at some SCN‐resistance QTL could entail linkage drag (decrease in protein concentration and 100‐seed weight, increase in oil concentration). This work provides useful markers for introgressing SCN resistance in early maturing soybean varieties.
Systemic Inhibition of NF-κB Activation Protects from Silicosis (2009)

Although limited by its size, our data support that patients with silicosis appear to have poor outcome following lung transplantation. Experimental data indicate that while the systemic inhibition of NF-kappaB protects from silica-induced lung injury, epithelial cell specific NF-kappaB inhibition appears to aggravate the outcome of experimental silicosis.
Brillouin scattering studies of gallium nitride and Indium gallium nitride (2010)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tsung Han Wu, Zhe Chuan Feng, Fangfei Li, Chung Cherng Lin, Ian Ferguson, Ray Hua Horng, Weijie Lu; Brillouin scattering studies of gallium nitride and Indium gallium nitride. AIP Conf. Proc. 6 August 2010; 1267 (1): 1141–1142. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3482346 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Birefringence Analysis of Photonic-Bandgap Fibers Using the Hexagonal Yee's Cell (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A full-vectorial finite-difference scheme utilizing the hexagonal Yee's cell is used in this paper to analyze the modes of photonic-bandgap fibers with <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm C}_{6v}$</tex> </formula> symmetry. Because it respects the fiber's native symmetry, this method is free from any numerical birefringence. We also incorporate in it techniques for reducing the memory requirement (up to 3 to 4 times) and computational time, in particular by exploiting some of the symmetry properties of these fibers. Using sub-pixel averaging, we demonstrate quadratic convergence for the fundamental mode's effective index dependence on spatial resolution. We show that this method can be used to calculate the beat length of PBFs in which a birefringence is introduced by applying a small unidirectional stretch to the fiber cross section along one of its axes. Abrupt variations of the modeled fiber geometries with spatial resolution lead to oscillatory beat length convergence behavior. We can obtain a better estimate for beat length by averaging these oscillations. We apply a strong perturbation analysis to the fiber's unperturbed mode, calculated by our finite-difference method, to perform this averaging in a rigorous way. By fitting a polynomial to the predicted beat lengths as a function of grid spacing, we obtain an accurate estimate of the beat length at zero grid spacing. Reasonable convergence for the beat length is observed using a single processor with 8 GB of memory. </para>
Hybrid numerical scheme for time‐evolving wave fields (2006)

Abstract Many problems in geophysics, acoustics, elasticity theory, cancer treatment, food process control and electrodynamics involve study of wave field synthesis (WFS) in some form or another. In the present work, modelling of wave propagation phenomena is studied as a static problem, using finite element method and treating time as an additional spatial dimension. In particular, WFS problems are analysed using discrete methods. It is shown that a fully finite element‐based scheme is very natural and effective method for the solution of such problems. Distributed WFS in the context of two‐dimensional problems is outlined and incorporation of any geometric or material non‐linearities is shown to be straightforward. This has significant implications for problems in geophysics or biological media, where material inhomogeneities are quite prevalent. Numerical results are presented for several problems referring to media with material inhomogeneities and predefined absorption profiles. The method can be extended to three‐dimensional problems involving anisotropic media properties in a relatively straightforward manner. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Frequency Chirped Pulse-Based Methane Sensing with Inter-Pulse Calibration (2021)

A chirped pulse-based gas sensing technique was developed. With a short, 11.2 ns frequency chirped pulse generating differential absorption within the pulse duration, inter- pulse calibrated methane sensing up to 20.5% was demonstrated.
High-speed 1.5 mu m self-aligned constricted mesa DFB lasers grown entirely by MOCVD (1989)

Ultrahigh-speed 1.5 mu m wavelength self-aligned constricted mesa GaInAsP-InP distributed-feedback lasers grown entirely by low-pressure metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition are discussed. A self-aligned process was applied to lower the stray InP junction capacitance to as low as 1.6 pF. A record bandwidth of 13 GHz in the 1.5 mu m wavelength region was demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Epitaxial Growth of Active Si on Top of SiGe Etch Stop Layer in View of 3D Device Integration (2020)

We describe challenges of the epitaxial Si-cap / Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 // Si-substrate growth process, in view of its application in 3D device integration schemes using Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 as backside etch stop layer with a focus on high throughput epi processing without compromising material quality. While fully strained Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 with a thickness &gt;10 times larger than the theoretical thickness for layer relaxation can be grown, it is challenging to completely avoid misfit dislocations at the wafer edge during Si-capping, even for thinner Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 layers. Extremely sensitive characterization methods are mandatory to detect the extremely low density of misfit dislocations at the wafer edge. Light scattering measurements are most reliable. The epitaxial Si-cap / Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 // Si-substrate layer stacks are stable against post-epi thermal processing steps, typically applied before wafer to wafer bonding and Si-substrate and Si 0.75 Ge 0.25 backside removal.
Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of bimetallic nanoparticles in an aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (2007)

The technique of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) spectrum imaging in a dedicated scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is discussed in relation to its applicability to bimetallic nanoparticles. It is shown that the recent availability of aberration corrected microscopes and multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) techniques has allowed us to overcome many of the intrinsic limitations previously encountered when attempting STEM-XEDS spectrum imaging on nanoscopic volumes of material. We demonstrate through a variety of applications to Au–Ag and Au–Pd bimetallic nanoparticle systems, that STEM-XEDS can provide invaluable high spatial resolution compositional information on (i) alloy homogeneity and phase segregation effects within individual nanoparticles, (ii) particle size–alloy composition correlations, (iii) the detection of trace amounts of alloying element and (iv) metal component distribution in extremely highly dispersed catalyst systems.
Propagation of long-range surface plasmon polaritons in photonic crystals (2005)

We study the interaction of long-range surface plasmon polaritons (LR-SPPs), excited at telecommunication wavelengths, with photonic crystals (PCs) formed by periodic arrays of gold bumps that are arranged in a triangular lattice and placed symmetrically on both sides of a thin gold film embedded in polymer. Radiation is delivered to and from the PC structures with the help of LR-SPP guides that consist of 8 µm wide and 15 nm thick gold stripes attached to wide film sections (of the same thickness) covered with bumps (diameter ∼300 nm, height up to 150 nm on each side of the film). We investigate the LR-SPP transmission through and reflection from the PC structures of different lengths and lattice periods as well as the LR-SPP propagation along line defects of different widths. The reflection measurements indicate a large penetration depth of LR-SPPs (tens of micrometers) into the investigated PC structures. Using a self-consistent description based on the Green's function formalism, we simulate numerically the LR-SPP transmission through and reflection from finite-size PC structures consisting of finite-size scatterers, as well as the LR-SPP guiding along line defects in these structures. Calculation results are found to be in good agreement with experimental findings, showing, e.g., deep penetration of LR-SPPs in the PC structures and good confinement of the radiation inside the channels. Our results indicate that the multiple LR-SPP scattering, occurring in the investigated PC structures, is rather weak, so that the photonic bandgap effect might be expected to take place only for some particular propagation directions. Preliminary experiments on LR-SPP bending and splitting at large angles are reported, and further research directions are discussed.
Metal‐Organic Framework Surface Functionalization: GraftFast Surface Engineering to Improve MOF Nanoparticles Furtiveness (Small 40/2018) (2018)

In article number 1801900, Mónica Giménez-Marqués, Patricia Horcajada, and co-workers discuss GraftFast, a general grafting method that allows the successful and highly selective attachment of biopolymers on the outer surface of nanometric metal-organic frameworks, leading to superior chemical and colloidal stability and tuned cell recognition and penetration.
Preface (2008)

In future systems, continuing performance improvements, power efficiency, and smaller form factors for both portable product applications and fixed location products will be important. Take, for example, the billions of portable cell phones sold each year wherein the higher function products in this family seek increasing function with each generation while maintaining a fixed size. Another example is high-performance computing systems in which higher performance levels and high power efficiency are leading to high-bandwidth and low-latency multicore processors linked to ever higher stores of close proximity memory.
Fast LDPC GPU Decoder for Cloud RAN (2021)

The graphical processing unit (GPU), as a digital signal processing accelerator for cloud RAN, is investigated. This letter presents a new design for a 5G NR low-density parity check code decoder running on a GPU. The algorithm is flexibly adaptable to GPU architecture to achieve high resource utilization as well as low latency. It improves on the layered algorithm by increasing parallelism on a single code word. The flexible GPU decoder (on a 24 core GPU) was found to have <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher throughput compared to a recent GPU flooding decoder and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher throughput compared to a field programmable gate array (FPGA) decoder (757K gate). The flexible GPU decoder exhibits 1/3 decoding power efficiency of the FPGA typical of general-purpose processors. For rapid deployment and flexibility, GPUs may be suitable as cloud RAN accelerators.
PMMA functionalized boron nitride sheets as nanofillers (2015)

We report the functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with polymer chains. These chains are grown by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from hBN following thermal treatment. When used as a nanofiller, the material shows improved dispersion resulting in significantly improved toughness as compared to pristine hBN without polymer functionalization. The polymer functionalized BN is also characterized by TGA, FTIR and FESEM.
Association Between the MUC5B Promoter Polymorphism and Survival in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2013)

Among patients with IPF, a common risk polymorphism in MUC5B was significantly associated with improved survival. Further research is necessary to refine the risk estimates and to determine the clinical implications of these findings.
Enabling Electron Injection for Microbial Electrosynthesis with n‐Type Conjugated Polyelectrolytes (Adv. Mater. 37/2022) (2022)

Microbial Electrosynthesis Microbial electrosynthesis holds the promise of sustainable chemical production. In article number 2203480, Guillermo C. Bazan and co-workers show that 3D living biocomposites integrating electroactive bacteria with an n-type conjugated polyelectrolyte allow efficient long-range electron transfer from electrode to living cells, thereby enabling microbial electrosynthesis. The one-step self-assembly process offers a simple and effective strategy to improve bioelectrochemical systems.