gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meiotic Recombination and Crossovers in Plants (2008)

Efforts have been made in recent years to clarify molecular meiotic processes in a large variety of higher eukaryotes. In plants, such studies have enjoyed a boom in the last years with the use of Arabidopsis thaliana together with maize, rice and tomato as model systems. Owing to direct and reverse genetic screens, an increasing number of genes involved in meiosis have been characterized in plants. In parallel, the improvement of cytological and genetical tools has allowed a precise description of meiotic recombination events. Thus, it appears that meiotic studies in plants are reaching a new stage and can provide new insights into meiotic recombination mechanisms. In this review, we intend to give an overview of these recent advances in the understanding of meiotic recombination in plants.
Tracking articulated bodies using Generalized Expectation Maximization (2008)

A generalized expectation maximization (GEM) algorithm is used to retrieve the pose of a person from a monocular video sequence shot with a moving camera. After embedding the set of possible poses in a low dimensional space using principal component analysis, the configuration that gives the best match to the input image is held as estimate for the current frame. This match is computed iterating GEM to assign edge pixels to the correct body part and to find the body pose that maximizes the likelihood of the assignments.
Abstract 4513: Predicting response of non-small cell lung cancer to the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat (2011)

Abstract Telomerase is active in more than 80% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) but is not active in most somatic cells, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, telomerase is required for cancer stem cell maintenance so targeting telomerase could affect this chemo-resistant subpopulation. Imetelstat, a 13-mer N3’ P5′-thio-phosphoramidate, inhibits telomerase by binding to the RNA template component leading to shortened telomeres and associated cell death. Because imetelstat is currently in clinical trials for NSCLC, it is important to determine the spectrum of activity of imetelstat in a variety of NSCLCs. To accomplish this, we examined the in vitro effect of short-term imetelstat treatment in both the colony formation assay and a 5 day MTS assay using a panel of NSCLC cell lines. For the colony formation assay, cells were plated at clonal density, treated with 3 μM imetelstat 24 hours later, and allowed to grow into colonies for 2-4 weeks. The end point was determined by untreated control cells in colony formation and was dependent on inherent population doubling time. We found an array of responses ranging up to 96% inhibition of colony formation. The panel can be divided into 3 groups: responders (&amp;gt;70% inhibition), intermediate (20%-70% inhibition), and non-responders (&amp;lt;20% inhibition). These groups may be used to develop a biomarker signature predictive of which patients will be most sensitive to imetelstat. With the 5 day MTS assay, cells were treated with imetelstat concentrations ranging from 2.6 nM to 42.5 μM and allowed to incubate for 5 days. Cell viability was determined by a colorimetric readout using MTS. Because of expected delayed response time due to the mechanism of action of imetelstat, we were surprised to find a cell line sensitive to 1 μM imetelstat in the short-term assay. Only 50% of the cells remained after 5 days of treatment. Although this cell line is not sensitive to the imetelstat mismatch control, further studies are needed to determine if this effect is telomere specific. Our studies indicate a wide range of response of NSCLC to imetelstat emphasizing the importance of predicting which patients are most likely to respond to imetelstat therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4513. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4513
Acute ethanol effects on focal cerebral ischemia in fasted rats. (1997)

Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Three groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, given food and water ad libitum, were subjected to 4 hr of middle cerebral artery occlusion. All were given vehicle control and ethanol pretreatments intraperitoneally 1 hr before. Mean ipsilateral brain water content in the control, 2 g/kg ethanol, and 2 g/kg ethanol + insulin-treated groups showed: ischemia core: 81.1%, 82.5%, and 80.9%; intermediate zone: 81.0%, and 80.3%; and outer zone: 80.3%, 81.3%, and 80.1%, respectively. Brain Na+ and K4 content in these groups paralleled the water content. In addition to significantly (p < 0.05) more brain edema, the 2 g/kg ethanol-treated animal group also had significant hyperglycemia. In contrast, the 2 g/kg ethanol + insulin-treated animals were normoglycemic and had ischemic, intermediate, and outer zone Na+, K+, and Cl- levels comparable with the control group (p > 0.05). These results stress the importance of measuring and controlling plasma glucose levels in the in vivo studies of the neurotoxic effects of acute ethanol.
High-performance mid-wavelength InAs avalanche photodiode using AlAs0.13Sb0.87 as the multiplication layer (2020)

We report on a high-performance mid-wavelength infrared avalanche photodetector (APD) with separate absorption and multiplication regions. InAs is used as the absorber material and high-bandgap <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m1"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>AlAs</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0.13</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Sb</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0.87</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is used as the multiplication material. At room temperature, the APD’s peak response wavelength is 3.27 μm, and the 50% cutoff wavelength is 3.5 μm. The avalanche gain reaches 13.1 and the responsivity is 8.09 A/W at 3.27 μm when the applied reverse bias voltage is 14.6 V. The measured peak detectivity <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m2"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⋆</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of the device is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m3"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2.05</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mi>cm</mml:mi> <mml:mo>·</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Hz</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">W</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> at 3.27 μm.
Comparison of Complete and Incomplete Revascularization by Coronary Angioplasty for Unstable Angina (1988)

When a “culprit lesion” can be identified in a patient with unstable angina, it may be possible to achieve clinical improvement with incomplete revascularization. We analyzed actuarial survival free of an event (severe angina, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, or death) at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months in 83 patients with multi‐vessel disease and unstable angina who had undergone successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA); revascularization was complete in 31 patients and incomplete in 52. Event‐free survival in 85 patients with single‐vessel disease and unstable angina who had undergone successful PTCA also was analyzed. Event‐free survival at 24 months was worse in the multivessel disease patients than in the single‐vessel disease patients (62% vs 85%; P = 0.001). Multivessel disease patients with complete revascularization had the same event‐free survival as those with incomplete revascularization (63% vs 61%; P NS). Diagnostic angiograms revealed thrombus or an irregular ulcerated lesion in 42 of the multivessel disease patients. The event‐free survival of these 42 patients was not different from that of the multivessel disease patients as a whole (64% vs 60%; P NS). We conclude that in patients with multivessel disease and unstable angina the event‐free survival after PTCA is poorer than in patients with single‐vessel disease and unstable angina. In the former patients, event‐free survival does not necessarily depend on the completeness of revascularization. The outcome of patients who have intra‐coronary thrombus or an irregular ulcerated lesion resembles the outcome of patients who lack these findings. (J Interven Cardiol: 1988:1:1)
A Handbook of Double Stars (2011)

Used to describe both binary systems and optical doubles, the term 'double star' has been familiar to astronomers since the seventeenth century. This book, first published in 1879, outlines the history of their study, and describes the methods and equipment needed in order to observe the fascinating phenomenon. Written for non-specialists by Fellows of the Royal Society Edward Crossley (1841–1904), Joseph Gledhill (1837–1906) and James M. Wilson (1836–1931), the catalogue of over 1,200 double stars appears beside detailed notes and does not assume mathematical expertise. Also offered are a fully worked example of how to find the orbit of a binary star, and illustrations of telescopes, observatories, and even custom-made observation chairs. This reissue includes the supplement with corrections and notes published in 1880. A standard reference text in the late nineteenth century, the work remains a resources for students and scholars of the history of astronomy.
Energy and Cost-Efficient Protection in Core Networks by a Differentiated Quality of Protection Scheme (2013)

A differentiated quality of protection scheme is proposed as an energy-and cost-efficient protection strategy for long-haul optical networks. Significant energy efficiency per GHz improvements and CapEx reductions can be achieved for both fixed-grid WDM and flexible-grid networks.
Characterization of the phosphorylation sites in the chicken and bovine myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate protein, a prominent cellular substrate for protein kinase C (1989)

Little is known about the important cellular substrates for protein kinase C and their potential roles in mediating protein kinase C-dependent processes. We evaluated the protein kinase C phosphorylation sites in a major cellular substrate for the kinase, a protein of apparent Mr 80,000 in bovine and 60,000 in chicken tissues; we have recently determined the primary sequences of these proteins and tentatively named them the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrates. The proteins were purified to apparent homogeneity from bovine and chicken brains, phosphorylated with protein kinase C, digested with trypsin, and the phosphopeptides purified and sequenced. Four distinct phosphopeptides were identified from both the bovine and chicken proteins. Two of the phosphorylated serines were contained in the repeated motif FSFKK, one in the sequence LSGF, and one in the sequence SFK. All four sites were contained within a basic domain of 25 amino acids which was identical in the chicken and bovine proteins. All of the sites phosphorylated in the cell-free system appeared to be phosphorylated in intact cells; an additional site may have been present in the proteins from intact cells. The identity of the phosphorylation site domains from two proteins of overall 65% amino acid sequence identity suggests a potential role for this domain in the physiological function of the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate proteins.
Biomanufacturing readiness levels [BRL]—A shared vocabulary for biopharmaceutical technology development and commercialization (2022)

The Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRLs) developed by the Department of Defense are well-established tools for describing the maturity of new technologies resulting from government-sponsored Research and Development programs, from the concept phase to commercial deployment. While MRLs are generally applicable to a wide range of industries and technologies, there is significant value in offering an industry-specific view on how the basic principles may be applied to biomanufacturing. This paper describes Biomanufacturing Readiness Levels (BRLs) developed by the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL), a public/private partnership that is part of the Manufacturing USA network. NIIMBL brings together private, federal, nonprofit, and academic stakeholders to accelerate the deployment of innovative technologies for biopharmaceutical production and to educate and train a world-leading biomanufacturing workforce. We anticipate that these BRLs will lay the groundwork for a shared vocabulary for assessment of technology maturity and readiness for commercial biomanufacturing that effectively meets the needs of this critical, specialized, and highly regulated industry.
EP629 Two young patients with endometrial cancer who newly developed double cancer in their ovaries after endometrial tumor disappearance through high-dose progesterone therapy and endometrial curettage (2019)

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> Standard treatment for endometrial cancer (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) is total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO), however, young patients with early-stage EC and AEH in reproductive age often hope to preserve their fertility. The oncologic outcomes in long follow-up remain unclear especially regarding the incidences of recurrence or double cancer. We experienced two patients with EC who newly developed double cancer in their ovaries after medication of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for fertility-preservation. <h3>Methodology</h3> In principle, we survey the patients after MPA therapy every four months using vaginal ultrasound check, endometrial histological/cytological examinations, measurement of serum CA125, and pelvic MRI once a year. <h3>Results</h3> The 44 y/0 patient had received MPA therapy and cyclic surveillance every 4 to 6 months in the previous hospital, and she was introduced to our hospital with 3 year-recurrence-free interval. However, trans-vaginal (TV) echo showed solid tumor measuring 18 mm in diameter in the right ovary, and the serum CA125 was 32 U/ml. MRI revealed solid tumor with positive Gd-enhancement. Hysterectomy with RSO and LS were performed. Pathological examination revealed endometrioid carcinoma (EMC) G1 in uterus (pT1A), and mucin-producing EMC G1 in the right ovary (pT1A, primary ovarian cancer). Another 38 y/o patient had finished MPA therapy 4 months before. TV echo showed solid tumors measuring 30 mm in both ovaries, and the serum CA125 was 112 U/ml. MRI revealed solid tumors in both ovaries with positive Gd-enhancement. Hysterectomy with BSO, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed EMC G1 in uterus (pT1A), and mucin-producing EMC G2 in both ovaries (pT1B, bilateral primary ovarian cancers). Both patients have no recurrence after operation without adjuvant chemotherapy for 12 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Strictly careful follow-up every 4 months using TV echo and CA125 is needed after fertility-preserving MPA therapy for detecting heterochronous overlapping cancers in ovaries. <h3>Disclosure</h3> Nothing to disclose.
Elucidating enzymatic polymerisations: Chain-length selectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B towards various aliphatic diols and dicarboxylic acid diesters (2018)

The sustainable synthesis of polymers is a field with growing interest due to the need of modern society to preserve the environment whilst making used products and food sustainable for the future generations. In this work we investigate the possibility of synthesizing aliphatic polyesters derived from various dicarboxylic acid diesters and diols in a solvent-free reaction system. Candida antarctica lipase B was selected as biocatalyst and its selectivity towards the carbon and ester chain length were elucidated. The selected enzyme was able to synthesize various polyesters combining C4-C10 diesters and C4-C8 diols. All combinations led to monomer conversions above 90% in 24 h with the best number average molecular weights (Mn) being obtained through the combination of dimethyl adipate and 1,8-octanediol leading to a Mn of 7141 Da. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis shows a clear trend with an increase in melting temperature of the polymers that correlates with both the increase of the Mn or of the polymer's constitutional repeat unit carbon chain length. Thermogravimetric analysis and rheology measurements performed on selected samples also confirm the trend showing a variation of the polymer's degradation temperatures and viscosity profiles.
HR-TEM study of atomic defects in carbon nanostructures (2005)

Direct observation of the defect formation in carbon nanostructures during electron irradiation is carried out by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) on the double‐wall carbon nanotubes (DWNT) and carbon nanopeapods. The irradiation damage due to the knock‐on collision with high energy electron beam are found to be dependent on the curvature of the constituent graphen layers. The formation of knock‐on defects is more abundant at an inner tube than an outer tube in DWNT, and at a fullerene than a carbon nanotube in carbon nanopeapods. These results definitely indicate that the effects of electron irradiation in nanocarbon materials are quite more prominent on higher surface curvature, such as fullerene.
Performance improvement of MHN-enhanced uplink with frequency offset compensation (2017)

This paper proposes an uplink frequency offset compensation scheme for the millimeter-wave (mmWave) based mobile hotspot network that provides a wireless backhaul link of high-speed railway communications. We designed new uplink control and shared channels to mitigate Doppler effects and also proved that the proposed automatic frequency control (AFC) scheme employing the newly designed uplink channels showes better block error rate performances than the original channel structures.
Heterogeneous Compound Semiconductor Integration (2020)

Micro‐transfer printing (μTP) provides fast and precise assembly of micro‐components from a variety of different source materials onto non‐native target substrates such as glass, plastic, ceramic, and silicon. Retrievable micro‐components are picked up by an elastomer stamp and printed onto the target substrate with yields exceeding 99.9%. Devices incorporating GaN, GaAs, InP, and other compound semiconductor materials are successfully integrated onto silicon and glass with fine precision to make highly integrated compound semiconductor micro‐systems.
Low drive voltage 10 Gb/s and high contrast 40 Gb/s silicon slow wave modulators (2012)

We demonstrate the use of slow light to reduce the drive voltage and shrink the footprint of carrier depletion-based silicon modulators. Hence, low drive voltage 10 Gb/s modulation and high contrast 40Gb/s modulation is achieved.
Phenol Recovery from Aromatic Solvents by Formation of Eutectic Liquids with Trialkyl-2,3-dihydroxypropylammonium Chloride Salts (2020)

Trialkyl-2,3-dihydroxypropylammonium chloride salts have been investigated as liquid eutectic-forming salts for the extraction of phenol from aromatic-rich model oil (toluene), demonstrating how the increased partitioning of phenol from oil-phases can be combined with reduced co-miscibility of the salt with aromatic hydrocarbons through the introduction of the dihydroxypropyl-function.
Generation of Alternative Connections of Series-Connected Subsystems in a Redundant Equipment Complex (2020)

An analytical approach is developed to integrate redundant equipment complexes (ECs) with linear stationary models. A general technique for managing the redundancy of the complex at the design stage is formulated in the case of ensuring the invariance of the given set of transfer functions. A formalism is obtained for solving the integration problem of a complex when it is configured as a sequence of related subsystems. The formalism includes both the conditions for the admissibility of a preselected configuration and the formula for the entire set of alternative relationships between components that ensure the fulfillment of the given objective function of the complex. An example of a simple navigation system consisting of measuring and indicator subsystems is given.
Exponentially stable observer for elastic joint robots (2005)

The problem of observer design for elastic joint robots where link positions and velocities are measured is considered. A Kalman filter-based observer for the elastic joint robots is proposed. Using some structural properties of the robot model, global exponential stability of the estimation error is proved. Simulation results show fast convergence of the estimation error to zero with moderate values of the observer gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CAD Modeling of mm-Wave Circuits Incorporating Avalanche Noise Diodes (2022)

This paper proposes, for the first time, a completely stand alone avalanche diode model based on a C++ code. The code, implemented within the Advanced Design Systems (ADS) environment, describes the diode behavior in terms of impedance and noise, by means of equations for which no more look-up tables are required. This also contains a modification with respect to the original Gilden and Hines model. Although completely general, the model is presented and discussed using a 20 square microns p-i-n diode, previously published by the authors. In order to validate the model in complex systems, the aforementioned diode is placed within two circuits of practical interest that have been designed using a commercial 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. In particular: (a) the diode is connected with a wide-band bias tee and an 6-dB attenuator, in order to create a Noise Source (NS) system block, and (b) the same NS structure is connected with an Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA). The two prototypes have been fabricated and experimentally characterized in terms of impedance and Excess Noise Ratio (ENR). Finally the experimental results have been compared with model simulations. In the frequency range from DC to 26.5 GHz the agreement between simulated ENR and experiments is within 1.4 dB for the prototype (a) and 1.9 dB for the prototype (b). The obtained results enable the adoption of avalanche noise diodes in Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools, for the prediction of integrated circuits performances, and confirms the reliability of the developed model.
EVALUATION OF A SUTURE SEAT, A BIODEGRADABLE SUTURE FASTENER, TO ELIMINATE KNOT-TYING IN ARTHROSCOPIC ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR (2003)

Corresponding author:, Peter M. Bonutti, MD, Bonutti Technologies, 2600 South Raney Street, Effingham, IL 62401., E-mail address: [email protected]
A New Huffman Code for Accelerating GPU Decompression (preliminary version) (2020)

A Huffman code is a variable-length entropy code used in data compression. The compression operation of a Huffman code can be done very efficiently on the GPU. However, the decompression is very hard to parallelize, because the compressed data have no separator to identify each variable-length codeword. We present a Huffman Code with Gap Array (GHCA), which accelerates the GPU decompression. The experimental results using Geforce RTX2080Ti GPU shows that, the GHCA may have at most 1 . 5% size overhead, but the decompression is 1.536-4713 times faster than the previously published GPU decoding for Huffman codes.