gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Azamorphinan and Related Compounds. II. Synthesis of 3-Methoxy-9-azamorphinan Derivatives : Studies on the Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds. CCCXIX (1969)

In order to examine an analgesic activity of azamorphinan derivatives, 3-methoxy-9-azamorphinan (XII) was synthesized as follows. Reduction of octahydrocinnoline derivatives (VIIIa and VIIIb), which were obtained by condensation of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-cyclohexanone-2-acetic acid (VI) with hydrazine or benzylhydrazine, with lithium aluminum hydride afforded the corresponding decahydrocinnoline derivatives (IXa and IXb). Pictet-Spengler reaction of IXb gave N-benzyl-3-methoxy-9-azamorphinan (XIV), but cyclization of IXa failed. Therefore, ring-closure of Xa, which was obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of VIIIa, with HOCH2SO3Na, followed by lithium aluminum hydride reduction of XI, afforded the compound (XII). This compound (XII) was also obtained by debenzylation of XIV. Furthermore, N-alkylation of XII at the N17-position with methyl, acetyl, allyl, β-phenethyl and cyclopropylmethyl halides gave the corresponding compounds (I, XIII, XVI, XV, and XVII), respectively.
Microbial cell-free DNA in plasma of patients with sepsis: a potential diagnostic methodology. (2020)

Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical condition demanding accurate and rapid diagnosis of the culprit pathogen, thereby to improve prognosis. Pathogen determination through blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis but has limitations due to low sensitivity. Recently, circulating DNAs derived from pathogenic organisms were found in the plasma of patients with sepsis and were further proved to be more sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis of the pathogen origin in sepsis. However, the fundamental molecular characteristics of circulating DNA in patients with sepsis remain unclear. Here, we used specific PCR and Sanger sequencing to verify the microbiology culture results via the corresponding plasma circulating DNA. We analyzed the composition and molecular characteristics of circulating DNA in septic patients using next-generation sequencing technology. We showed the presence of pathogen-derived circulating DNA in the plasma of patients with sepsis. The sizes of circulating DNA fragments derived from pathogenic bacteria showed a skewed unimodal distribution, while those derived from host cells showed a normal unimodal distribution. Lengths of fragments at peak concentration for both origins ranged from 150 bp to 200 bp, and reads mapping to pathogenic bacteria genome distributed uniformly on the reference. Our findings have improved our understanding of microbial circulating DNA in patients with sepsis as a potential methodology for the accurate diagnosis of sepsis, especially in light of an urgent need for such a diagnosis associated with the COVID-19 infection.
Integrated Lithium Niobate Photonics and Applications (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Lončar, "Integrated Lithium Niobate Photonics and Applications," in Nonlinear Optics (NLO), OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper NW3A.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Role Played by Ga-Pt Nanoparticles in the Aromatization of Lower Alkanes on ZSM-5 Zeolites (2008)

The activity and selectivity of Pt-Ga/ZSM-5 zeolites in the aromatization of ethane was studied. The temperature intervals of the stability of gallium oxides on the surface of zeolites were determined by X-ray diffraction. The formation of GaPt clusters was observed after high-temperature treatment of a mixture of platinum-containing zeolites with gallium oxides. Density functional theory was used to study the state of gallium clusters in zeolites by quantum-chemical methods. The interaction of gallium with the H-form of ZSM-5 zeolites was shown to result in the formation of cationic centers containing reduced single-charged gallium cations. The introduction of platinum stabilized alloyed Ga-Pt particles localized in zeolite channels. These particles increase catalyst activity in the aromatization of lower alkanes.
Digital representation of multi-functional microwave passive circuits (2016)

Microwave passive circuits with multi-functional capabilities (e.g., simultaneous bandpass-filtering and power-division properties) have recently emerged as a suitable solution for the design of high-frequency compact devices with enhanced RF performance. Some of these RF components are based on signal-interference principles, so that their ideal power scattering parameters are frequency periodic and can be exactly matched to the frequency response of digital systems. The procedure to derive the coefficients of these discrete-time representations is expounded in this work, leading to the observation of zero-pole cancellations in the complex plane Z. For practical validation, the developed method is applied to a single-band Wilkinson-type filtering power divider and to a dual-band filtering impedance transformer.
Data from Detection of an Immunogenic HERV-E Envelope with Selective Expression in Clear Cell Kidney Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;VHL&lt;/i&gt;-deficient clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC), the most common form of kidney cancer, express transcripts derived from the novel human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E (named CT-RCC HERV-E). In this study, we define a transcript encoding the entire envelope gene of HERV-E as expressed selectively in ccRCC tumors, as distinct from normal kidney tissues or other tumor types. Sequence analysis of this envelope transcript revealed long open reading frames encoding putative surface and transmembrane envelope proteins. Retroviral envelopes are known to be capable of eliciting immunity in humans. Accordingly, we found that HLA-A*0201–restricted peptides predicted to be products of the CT-RCC HERV-E envelope transcript–stimulated CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, which could recognize HLA-A*0201–positive HERV-E–expressing kidney tumor cells. Overall, our results offer evidence of unique HERV-E envelope peptides presented on the surface of ccRCC cells, offering potentially useful tumor-restricted targets for T-cell–based immunotherapy of kidney cancer. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(8); 2177–85. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Isoelectric Focusing of Plant Plasma Membrane Proteins (1991)

Detergent-solubilized plasma membrane proteins from pea (Pisum sativum L.) stem tissue were separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF) using a Bio-Rad Rotofor cell, with the goal of identifying protein(s) involved in beta-1,3-glucan synthase (GS-II) activity. Ordinary IEF procedures result in membrane protein precipitation. Inclusion of 10% glycerol mitigates this problem in digitonin-solubilized preparations, but not in those solubilized in 3-[(-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate. Loss of GS-II activity during IEF is minimized by improved cooling of the Rotofor cell. GS-II focuses at pH 5.1. Antiserum against a 55 kilodalton (kD) polypeptide that was recognized from other evidence as involved in GS-II activity, detects this polypeptide in exact correspondence with the GS-II activity peak. A presumptive P-type ATPase, detected using an antibody against corn root plasma membrane 97 kD ATPase, focuses at pH 5.3. In this digitonin/glycerol medium, most of the membrane proteins focus within the relatively narrow pH range of 4.5 to 6, compared to pH 5.5 to 8.5 for IEF in the presence of 9 molar urea, 2% Nonidet P-40 (NP-40), and 5% mercaptoethanol, a medium that inactivates GS-II. This latter medium increases the apparent isoelectric point (pl) values of the abovementioned 55 and 97 kD polypeptides to 5.8 and 7.3, respectively. In the digitonin/glycerol medium, membrane polypeptides apparently focus at pH values lower than their true pls, because of adhering negatively charged phospholipids, which can be at least partially removed by the detergent NP-40 in the presence of urea. These results provide independent evidence that the 55 kD polypeptide is associated with the GS-II activity and indicate that inclusion of urea and a strong nonionic detergent such as NP-40 is necessary if membrane proteins are to be focused at pH values near their true pls.
On Passive Permutation Circuits (2015)

We present a new way to passively implement permutation circuits, a concept of importance in bit-oriented or line-oriented designs, used in communications, cryptography, field-programmable gate arrays or next-generation pulsed neural networks. We argue that the proposed implementation is more reliable and efficient than previous designs when the number of permuted signals is at least 16. It uses complementary resistive gates, which are natural extensions of the concept of a complementary resistive switch. When Ir/TaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /Ta stack is used for switching, the devices show abrupt transitions among a discrete number of states resulting in a complex input-output characteristic. This deviates significantly from the fuzzy logic model of such gates previously proposed on the basis of theoretical models.
Enhanced efficacy of 90Y-radiolabeled anti-Lewis Y humanized monoclonal antibody hu3S193 and paclitaxel combined-modality radioimmunotherapy in a breast cancer model. (2006)

The significant efficacy of (90)Y-hu3S193 and paclitaxel CMRIT at low radiation doses in this model of breast carcinoma indicates its therapeutic potential and warrants further investigation into this promising therapeutic approach.
Inhibitors of endocytosis perturb phospholipid metabolism in rabbit neutrophils and other cells. (1983)

Dansylcadaverine, amantadine, and rimantadine, which have been shown to inhibit the endocytosis of alpha 2-macroglobulin, epidermal growth factor, and vesicular stomatitis virus [Schlegel, R., Dickson, R. B., Willingham, M. C. & Pastan, I. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2291-2295], were found to decrease phosphatidylcholine synthesis, chemotaxis, and internalization of a formylated peptide but to stimulate the incorporation of inositol into phosphatidylinositol in rabbit neutrophils. Dansylcadaverine decreased phosphatidylcholine synthesis by both the CDP-choline and transmethylation pathways and also inhibited the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine by the CDP-ethanolamine pathway. Dansylcadaverine had no effect on the phosphocholine, CDP-choline, or S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine pools but increased 2-fold the S-adenosyl-L-methionine pool. These results suggest that dansylcadaverine in some manner inhibited the condensation of CDP-choline with diacylglycerol to form phosphatidylcholine. Dansylcadaverine also inhibited phosphatidylcholine synthesis in human neutrophils, human fibroblasts, chicken embryo fibroblasts, rat hepatocytes, osteosarcoma cells, and neuroblastoma cells. It did not stimulate phosphatidylinositol synthesis in chicken embryo fibroblasts.
Current State of Surgical Myocardial Revascularization (2010)

Despite increasing competition from percutaneous interventions and other novel methods of non-surgical coronary revascularization, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains one of the most definitive and durable treatments for coronary artery disease, especially for those patients with extensive and diffuse disease. In recent years the CABG procedure itself has undergone innovation and evolution. This review article provides a brief historical perspective on the procedure, and examines the current state of modern variations including off-pump, limited-access, and robotic-assisted CABG.
High Performance Velocity Estimation for Controllers with Short Processing Time by FPGA (2012)

In motion control, the number of controllers based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) has increased in recent years owing to the inherent short sampling time. At present, the most commonly implemented velocity estimation methods are the M and T methods. The proposed velocity estimation method reduces the calculation time by eliminating the division operation and prevents reduction in resolution owing to a short sampling time. In addition, the proposed method shows a high performance across a wide range of velocities. Program implementation in FPGAs has a low computational cost and a high calculation speed. The conventional methods present some difficulties in programming using FPGAs owing to the divider implementation. The validity of the proposed method was tested using a velocity controller based on a disturbance observer.
Resonance Raman Spectrum of Carbon Tetrachloride (1995)

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is one of a number of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) of interest as pollutants which are regulated at very low levels (ppm to ppb) by the EPA. A need exists to measure these chemicals at these regulatory levels rapidly and, in many cases, in situ. Raman spectroscopy is one method which has the potential to be a useful tool for remote monitoring and has already found a number of applications for process and field monitoring of chemicals. While carbon tetrachloride has been detected with these remote sampling systems, it is doubtful that the requisite sensitivity could be obtained with visible or near-IR lasers because of the relatively small cross section for the Raman effect. Large increases in the Raman cross section have been observed when the excitation frequency is at or near an electronic absorption of the molecule. Resonance enhancement of the Raman cross sections can be many orders of magnitude (103 to 106). Hence, large gains in sensitivity might be expected. Such measurements are complicated by background florescence as well as the need to use lasers in the UV region of the spectrum to access the electronic transitions of simple VOCs.
Dispersion State of Catalytic Metal Supported on Bio-Char Elucidated Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy: Effects of Catalyst Type and Heating Process (2017)

Bio-chars loaded directly with catalytic metals such as K and Fe were gasified with CO2 at atmospheric pressure after being heated to 1023-1323 K under an Ar flow. The gasification rate constant (Kp) of K-loaded bio char was extremely higher than that of Fe-loaded bio-char. The structure such as surface and cross section of these bio-chars after (1) metal ions were supported on bio-char by the impregnation method (i.e. before heating) and (2) heating under an Ar flow (i.e. just before gasification) were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Before heating, the K atoms were uniformly distributed with no crystal formation. Even after heating under an Ar flow, the distribution of K atoms on the surface and inside of bio-chars remained uniform, suggesting the efficient formation of active sites for CO2 gasification, although the K content on the surface decreased because of releasing. In contrast, even before heating, the Fe atoms were nonuniformly supported as α-FeOOH and α-Fe2O3 particles on the surface. After heating under an Ar flow, the Fe content on the surface decreased because Fe oxide particles moved into mesopore, suggesting the decrease in the number of active sites and the restriction of the accessibility of CO2 to active sites because of the existence of large Fe oxide particles in mesopores.
A hydrophone using liquid to bridge the gap of a piezo-resistive cantilever (2013)

This paper reports on a hydrophone based on a structure in which liquid was used to bridge the gap between a piezoresistive cantilever and the surrounding walls. Due to surface tension, the liquid filled the cantilever's gap while it did not leak through the microscale gap. Evaluation experiments showed that the combination of liquid bridge and cantilever enables the hydrophone to have high sensitivity. Being compact, high sensitivity, low cost, simple fabrication process, the hydrophone is promisingly widely applied in under water communication system and medical field.
Determinants of rapid infant weight gain: A pooled analysis of seven cohorts (2022)

Maternal country of birth, smoking status, child sex, birth weight, gestational age, infant feeding and parity were potential determinants of infant RWG.
Acoustic Characterization of Environments (ACE) Challenge Results\n Technical Report (2015)

This document provides the results of the tests of acoustic parameter\nestimation algorithms on the Acoustic Characterization of Environments (ACE)\nChallenge Evaluation dataset which were subsequently submitted and written up\ninto papers for the Proceedings of the ACE Challenge. This document is\nsupporting material for a forthcoming journal paper on the ACE Challenge which\nwill provide further analysis of the results.\n
A mouse brain PET prototype with a staggered 3-layer DOI detector (2021)

57 Objectives: Development of a mouse brain PET prototype with a staggered 3-layer DOI detector using a 1 mm crystal pitch for realizing a 0.7 mm resolution. Methods: The proposed mouse brain PET had a 53 mm inner diameter and 11 mm axial FOV. The PET scanner consisted of 16 DOI detectors each of which had a 3-layer staggered 3-layer LYSO crystal array. The LYSO crystal array had the pixel pitch of 1 mm and total thickness of 15 mm. The LYSO crystal array was optically coupled to a 4×4 SiPM (Hamamatsu, S14161-3050HS-04, Japan) array with a pixel pitch of 3.2 mm. The SiPM anode signals were multiplexed using a resistive network and then digitized by the Hamamatsu DAQ with an integration time of 250 ns. The performance of the PET scanner was evaluated by using a 22Na point source (D=0.25 mm) and a resolution phantom. In vivo mouse brain and bone imaging studies were performed for 60 min with the FDG and 89Zr-oxalate radiopharmaceuticals, respectively. Results: The measured spatial resolutions at the center and 15 mm radial offset were 0.67 mm, and 1.56 mm for filtered-back-projection (FBP), and 0.50 mm, and 1.16 mm for ordered-subset-expectation-maximization (OSEM), respectively. The peak absolute sensitivity was 0.76% with an energy window of 400-600 keV. The 0.8 mm rods were resolved clearly in the phantom study. The mouse brain structures such as cortex and thalamus were identified clearly with the FDG PET scan. The mouse skull structure can be delineated clearly with the 89Zr PET scan. Conclusions: In conclusion, we developed a high-resolution and high-sensitivity mouse brain PET prototype with 3-layer DOI detectors. We plan to extend the axial FOV up to 50 mm to increase the sensitivity significantly.
Using electronic medical record data to establish and monitor the distribution of refractive errors, (2022)

Although EMR data is not representative of the population as a whole, it is likely to provide a reasonable representation of the distribution of clinically significant (symptomatic) refractive errors. In the absence of any ongoing traditional epidemiological studies of refractive error in Ireland, this study establishes, for the first time, the distribution of refractive errors observed in clinical practice settings. This will serve as a baseline for future temporal trend analysis of the changing pattern of the distribution of refractive error in EMR data. This methodology could be deployed as a useful epidemiological resource in similar settings where primary eyecare coverage for the management of refractive error is well established.
Threshold of hearing for swimming Bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) (2013)

Hearing thresholds for three pairs of 1 m long Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) were measured utilizing operant conditioning procedure with a food reward and a staircase psychophysical technique. Fish, swimming at 2-3 m/sec, quickly learned to approach the feed when they heard a sound. Measurements were made at the Tuna Research and Conservation Center (Stanford University) in a 9.14 m diameter, 1.65 m deep indoor cylindrical tank. The acoustic stimulus was produced by radially oriented piezoelectric line sources centered at the bottom of the tank which produced a circumferentially uniform sound field. The acoustics of the tank was thoroughly characterized for both acoustic pressure and particle motion using hydrophones and two neutrally buoyant accelerometers with response axes oriented in the radial and vertical directions. Thresholds, expressed in terms of pressure and particle acceleration were obtained at six sinusoidal frequencies between 325 Hz and 800 Hz, a range that was limited by source and tank acoustics. The lowest mean threshold for the three fish pairs, expressed in terms of acoustic pressure, was 83 dB re 1 µPa at 500 Hz. [Supported in part by ONR/CNR Challenge Grant: "Mitigation of flow noise effects by fish"]
The LQSP tetrapeptide is a new highly efficient substrate of microbial transglutaminase for the site‐specific derivatization of peptides and proteins (2014)

Transglutaminases catalyze transglutamination reactions on glutamines. Transglutaminases are largely exploited for modifying proteins in pharmaceutical, food, and other biotechnological applications. A library of synthetic peptides has been designed, prepared, and screened to identify new peptide substrates. The new substrates are then used in TGAse-mediated conjugation reactions to engraft synthons onto biomolecules. These peptide substrates confer the bioactive peptides and proteins with new properties. We have identified an optimized substrate named LQSP, which is recognized and processed by microbial TGAse with a strikingly higher efficiency compared to the well-known TQGA sequence. The new substrate has been used to selectively modify prototypical bioactive peptides and proteins with fluoresceine or recognition motifs. We show that, where a reactive lysine is available, proteins and peptides of relevant therapeutic interest, can be selectively and smoothly modified in order to incorporate new functions such as fluorescent labels, recognition units, or reactive groups.
ChemInform Abstract: (1S),(5R),(8S)‐(+)‐8‐Phenyl‐2‐azabicyclo(3.3.0)octan‐8‐ol N,O‐Methylboronate and Its Enantiomer, Chiral Chemzymes which Serve as Catalysts for Their Own Enantioselective Synthesis. (1990)

Abstract The amide (I) is reduced to from the amine (II) which undergoes brominative cyclization, yielding the fused pyrrolidine (III).
CAPER: patient preferences to inform nonsurgical treatment of chronic low back pain: a discrete-choice experiment (2023)

Individuals with chronic low back pain were willing to trade risks and inconveniences for better pain control and physical activity. Additionally, different preference phenotypes exist, which suggests a need for clinicians to target treatments to particular patients.
Multipath diversity through Time Shifted Sampling in repeater assisted spatially correlated OFDM systems (2009)

Spatial fading correlation is analyzed for an OFDM diversity receiver when network includes an RF repeater. Previously, it is reported that the effect of correlation can be reduced by the Time Shifted Sampling (TSS) technique which relies on multipath diversity. In this study, a multipath channel is constructed by repeated signal instead of natural multipath due to cluttered environments and the performance of TSS is evaluated. Numerical results indicate that the TSS technique is also effective in reducing the effect of correlation for the multipath channels constructed by the repeaters. Also, some practical results for spatial fading correlation in conventional antenna arrays are presented.
Semiflexible Polymer Brushes: Most Probable Configuration Approach Based on Cotinuous Chain Model (1999)

The properties of semiflexible polymer brushes are studied by applying the classical limit of mean-field ap-proach for chains with marginal chain stiffness. Using the mean-spherical Gaussian model, the most probable configuration for semiflexible chains is obtained, which reduces to the parabolic brush of Milner et al. [Mac-romolecules 1988, 21, 2610] in the flexible limit. From this configuration, equilibrium brush height as well as interactions between semiflexible brushes are estimated.