gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PV[O]H: Noninvasive Enabling Technology, New Physiological Monitoring, and Big Data (2021)

Simultaneous noninvasive continuous monitoring of peripheral vessels using a previous PV[O]H system demonstrates large, physiology revealing data sets. The technologies enable the methodical search for relevant physiological signals allowing the use of discriminant analysis, Bayesian approaches, and artificial intelligence to create predictive algorithms enabling timely interventions in medical care and troop training.
Experimental Results of a 3 kWh Thermochemical Heat Storage Module for Space Heating Application (2014)

A 3 kWh thermochemical heat storage (TCS) module was built as part of an all-in house system implementation focusing on space heating application at a temperature level of 40 °C and a temperature lift of 20 K. It has been tested and measurements showed a maximum water circuit temperature span (released by adsorption) of 20 – 51 K which is by all means suitable for space heating.
A Multi-mode Non-linear Acoustic Piezoelectric MEMS Energy Harvester (2019)

Piezoelectric MEMS energy harvesters have been proven to be a potential power source in a wide range of applications. In this work, a new architecture for acoustic piezoelectric MEMS energy harvesters is proposed. The proposed MEMS harvester is intended to be used as a replacement for the membranes utilized in acoustic energy harvesters (AEH). The prototyped harvester with an area of 1700 μm by 1700 μm has an operating frequency between 7 and 21 kHz, while the maximum of harvested power with the generated acoustic waves by the piezo speaker is 16 nW. Finally, the advantages of using an acoustic cavity with the proposed AEH in terms of output power and its possibility as a displacement sensor is demonstrated.
Optimal Design of a Switched Reluctance Motor With Magnetically Disconnected Rotor Modules Using a Design of Experiments Differential Evolution FEA-Based Method (2018)

Switched reluctance (SR) machines are attractive because they present relatively high efficiency and torque density in spite of lacking permanent magnets. This paper focuses on a two-objective optimization of an external rotor SR motor with a stator that has concentrated coils and a rotor with magnetically isolated modules. The objectives are minimum loss and mass, and 11 independent dimensionless geometric variables are considered as inputs that affect them. A combined design of experiments (DOE) and differential evolution (DE) approach is proposed. The DOE methodology is used to reduce the search space by eliminating from consideration input variable values, leading to poor-performing designs. Following this initial DOE study, an optimization study based on DE is run over the reduced search space, which leads to significant savings in computation time. Furthermore, a directed graph-based method for comparing different designs on the Pareto front to rank the best compromise designs is proposed.
Grant-Free Random Access of IoT devices in Massive MIMO with Partial CSI (2023)

The number of wireless devices is drastically increasing, resulting in many devices contending for radio resources. In this work, we present an algorithm to detect active devices for unsourced random access, i.e., the devices are uncoordinated. The devices use a unique, but non-orthogonal preamble, known to the network, prior to sending the payload data. They do not employ any carrier sensing technique and blindly transmit the preamble and data. To detect the active users, we exploit partial channel state information (CSI), which could have been obtained through a previous channel estimate. For static devices, e.g., Internet of Things nodes, it is shown that CSI is less time-variant than assumed in many theoretical works. The presented iterative algorithm uses a maximum likelihood approach to estimate both the activity and a potential phase offset of each known device. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is evaluated. The performance in terms of probability of miss detection and false alarm is assessed for different qualities of partial CSI and different signal-to-noise ratio.
A low quiescent current 3.3V operation linear MMIC power amplifier for 5 GHz WLAN applications (2003)

We report a 5 GHz linear InGaP/GaAs HBT monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier for wireless LAN applications. The three-stage power amplifier operates with 103 mA - low quiescent current of Class AB mode using active bias circuit under a single supply of +3.3V A total current of 196(194) mA is consumed with an output power of 18 dBm and PAE (power-added efficiency) of 9.7% at 5.25(5.15) GHz. The power amplifier exhibits a power gain of 19.6 (17.8/18.5) dB, 1-dB compression point (P/sub 1/dB) of 26(25/25) dBm, and PAE of 27.8(25.4/20) % at 5.25(5.15/5.85) GHz. Measured third-order IMD(intermodulation distortion) is less than -25 dBc at 3 dB back-off and less than -30 dBc at 5 dB back-off from P/sub 1/dB for the frequency range between 5.15 and 5.85 GHz.
Applications of Biodiesel in Drilling Fluids (2021)

Biodiesel, referred to as the monoalkyl ester of long-chain fatty acid ester that is synthesized by the complete transesterification of triglycerides, has captured the attention of drilling researchers attributing to its magnificent characteristics such as the high flash point, excellent lubricity, nontoxicity, high biodegradability, and abundant feedstock resources, which make it ecofriendly and technically and economically feasible for a sustainable drilling operation. There are several studies that reported and documented the usage of biodiesel in drilling fluids on laboratory and field scales. In this paper, the production and the key physical and chemical properties of biodiesel are thoroughly reviewed. Moreover, the applications of biodiesel in drilling muds either as base fluids or additives were comprehensively surveyed. The literature review revealed that the challenges of biodiesel applications in drilling mud systems are related to its chemical reactivity and adverse interactions with some additives, along with its performance deficiency at temperature above 120°C. Therefore, further investigation on temperature stability and additive compatibility is recommended. In addition, as a new approach, it is recommended to study the potentiality of using crude waste oils in drilling mud formulations. The lessons learned and recommendations stated in this paper will assist in enhancing the proved use of biodiesel and drilling fluid optimization.
Advanced hole patterning technology using soft spacer materials (Conference Presentation) (2017)

A continuing goal in integrated circuit industry is to increase density of features within patterned masks. One pathway being used by the device manufacturers for patterning beyond the ~80nm pitch limitation of 193 immersion lithography is the self-aligned spacer double patterning (SADP). Two orthogonal line space patterns with subsequent SADP can be used for contact holes multiplication. However, a combination of two immersion exposures, two spacer deposition processes, and two etch processes to reach the desired dimensions makes this process expensive and complicated. One alternative technique for contact hole multiplication is the use of an array of pillar patterns. Pillars, imaged with 193 immersion photolithography, can be uniformly deposited with spacer materials until a hole is formed in the center of 4 pillars. Selective removal of the pillar core gives a reversal of phases, a contact hole where there was once a pillar. However, the highly conformal nature of conventional spacer materials causes a problem with this application. The new holes, formed between 4 pillars, by this method have a tendency to be imperfect and not circular. To improve the contact hole circularity, this paper presents the use of both conventional spacer material and soft spacer materials. Application of soft spacer materials can be achieved by an existing coating track without additional cost burden to the device manufacturers.
Ring enlargements. XI. Structural influences on the course of the intramolecular diazo alkane-carbonyl reaction (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing enlargements. XI. Structural influences on the course of the intramolecular diazo alkane-carbonyl reactionC. David Gutsche and John E. BowersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 4, 1203–1212Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01279a078https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01279a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reflow process optimization for micro-bumps applications in 3D technology (2014)

In this paper a reflow process for fine-pitch micro-bumps is studied. A mathematical model for the reflow process is proposed and verified by experimental measurements. The influence of reflow profile parameters on the shape of micro-bumps, will be discussed using three commercial reflow ovens. Furthermore, measurement results of bump height variations after reflow over a 300mm wafer will be presented.
Der MELD Score ist ein unabhängiger Risikofaktor für die Entstehung eines langfristig erhöhen pulmonalarteriellen Drucks nach TIPS (2015)

Einleitung: Hämodynamische Veränderungen nach TIPS-Anlage führen bei einigen Patienten zu einer pulmonalen Hypertonie (PH), wobei bisher keine Risikofaktoren für die PH-Entstehung nach TIPS bekannt sind. Ziel der Studie ist die Untersuchung langfristigen Veränderung des systolischen pulmonalarteriellen Druck (PASP) nach TIPS sowie die Identifikation von entsprechenden Risikofaktoren.
On the Entropic Heating of Microfluidics for PCR Applications (2003)

Polymerized Chain Reaction (PCR) technology has for a number of years been used as a tool for a range of applications in genetic research. Indeed, in the world of genetics PCR is considered to be one of the most important discoveries of the last century. This work is focused upon understanding and utilizing the thermodynamics of the fluid flow through microsystems, with the aim of developing an efficient thermocycler for PCR applications. The novel approach of utilizing the entropy generation rate in a couette type flow to provide entropic heating to the bio-fluid is addressed. The advantages of such a PCR device include, the removal of external heaters, an even distribution of heating through the bio-fluid, possibility of enhanced mixing, fast cycle times and the requirement for small sample sizes. These parameters are key requirements for an efficient PCR on the microscale. It is also demonstrated that this concept is not possible on the macro scale due to the ratio of heat generation relatively to fluid volume, however on the micro scale it is demonstrated to be theoretically plausible.
Targeted inhibition of STAT/TET1 axis as a therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (2017)

Effective therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an unmet need. DNA methylcytosine dioxygenase Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a critical oncoprotein in AML. Through a series of data analysis and drug screening, we identified two compounds (i.e., NSC-311068 and NSC-370284) that selectively suppress TET1 transcription and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and effectively inhibit cell viability in AML with high expression of TET1 (i.e., TET1-high AML), including AML carrying t(11q23)/MLL-rearrangements and t(8;21) AML. NSC-311068 and especially NSC-370284 significantly repressed TET1-high AML progression in vivo. UC-514321, a structural analog of NSC-370284, exhibited a more potent therapeutic effect and prolonged the median survival of TET1-high AML mice over three fold. NSC-370284 and UC-514321 both directly target STAT3/5, transcriptional activators of TET1, and thus repress TET1 expression. They also exhibit strong synergistic effects with standard chemotherapy. Our results highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the STAT/TET1 axis by selective inhibitors in AML treatment.
Mitochondrial genome copy number measured by DNA sequencing in human blood is strongly associated with metabolic traits via cell-type composition differences (2021)

Abstract Background Mitochondrial genome copy number (MT-CN) varies among humans and across tissues and is highly heritable, but its causes and consequences are not well understood. When measured by bulk DNA sequencing in blood, MT-CN may reflect a combination of the number of mitochondria per cell and cell-type composition. Here, we studied MT-CN variation in blood-derived DNA from 19184 Finnish individuals using a combination of genome (N = 4163) and exome sequencing (N = 19034) data as well as imputed genotypes (N = 17718). Results We identified two loci significantly associated with MT-CN variation: a common variant at the MYB-HBS1L locus (P = 1.6 × 10−8), which has previously been associated with numerous hematological parameters; and a burden of rare variants in the TMBIM1 gene (P = 3.0 × 10−8), which has been reported to protect against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We also found that MT-CN is strongly associated with insulin levels (P = 2.0 × 10−21) and other metabolic syndrome (metS)-related traits. Using a Mendelian randomization framework, we show evidence that MT-CN measured in blood is causally related to insulin levels. We then applied an MT-CN polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from Finnish data to the UK Biobank, where the association between the PRS and metS traits was replicated. Adjusting for cell counts largely eliminated these signals, suggesting that MT-CN affects metS via cell-type composition. Conclusion These results suggest that measurements of MT-CN in blood-derived DNA partially reflect differences in cell-type composition and that these differences are causally linked to insulin and related traits.
Freeform nanostructuring of hexagonal boron nitride (2021)

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)-long-known as a thermally stable ceramic-is now available as atomically smooth, single-crystalline flakes, revolutionizing its use in optoelectronics. For nanophotonics, these flakes offer strong nonlinearities, hyperbolic dispersion, and single-photon emission, providing unique properties for optical and quantum-optical applications. For nanoelectronics, their pristine surfaces, chemical stability, and wide bandgap have made them the key substrate, encapsulant, and gate dielectric for two-dimensional electronic devices. However, while exploring these advantages, researchers have been restricted to flat flakes or those patterned with basic slits and holes, severely limiting advanced architectures. If freely varying flake profiles were possible, the hBN structure would present a powerful design parameter to further manipulate the flow of photons, electrons, and excitons in next-generation devices. Here, we demonstrate freeform nanostructuring of hBN by combining thermal scanning-probe lithography and reactive-ion etching to shape flakes with surprising fidelity. We leverage sub-nanometer height control and high spatial resolution to produce previously unattainable flake structures for a broad range of optoelectronic applications. For photonics, we fabricate microelements and show the straightforward transfer and integration of such elements by placing a spherical hBN microlens between two planar mirrors to obtain a stable, high-quality optical microcavity. We then decrease the patterning length scale to introduce Fourier surfaces for electrons, creating sophisticated, high-resolution landscapes in hBN, offering new possibilities for strain and band-structure engineering. These capabilities can advance the discovery and exploitation of emerging phenomena in hyperbolic metamaterials, polaritonics, twistronics, quantum materials, and 2D optoelectronic devices.
MBE regrowth of LEDs on VLSI GaAS MESFETs (1993)

The regrowth and monolithic integration of heterostructure light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on fully processed VLSI GaAs MESFETs have been demonstrated. Commercially available, self-aligned VLSI GaAs MESFETs with tungsten-based refractory-metal Schottky gates, nickel-based refractory-metal ohmic contacts, and aluminum interconnection metallization have been shown to be stable after 3 h to 525 degrees C+or-10 degrees C. Thus, it is now possible to regrow optical sources on fully processed MESFET circuitry with lowered-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). This allows one to build high-density, complex electronic circuitry with optical inputs and optical outputs. Optoelectronic neuron arrays in optical neural networks are considered as an application.
Keynote speech I: Beyond multi-touch: Interactive surfaces that support haptic feedback and multiple independent views (2012)

Although Multi-touch devices have become common in the consumer world, users have sacrificed the tactile feedback afforded by physical buttons. The Bristol Interaction and Graphics group has been exploring various technical solutions to create the next generation of touch interfaces that support multi-point haptic feedback as well as dynamic allocation of views to different users. In this talk I will present UltraHaptics a multi-point haptic feedback system that allows users to experience haptic feedback simultaneously in multiple locations on an interactive surface. This feedback is created in midair — so users don't have to touch or hold any device to experience it. Another system I will be talking about it PiVOT, a tabletop system where users can come together and view shared content or by leaning forward can get personalised views that are only visible from their particular view-point. This talk will present our recent research endeavors in this direction and present some design challenges.
Fuel properties to enable lifted-flame combustion (2015)

The Fuel Properties to Enable Lifted-Flame Combustion project responded directly to solicitation DE-FOA-0000239 AOI 1A, Fuels and Lubricants for Advanced Combustion Regimes. This subtopic was intended to encompass clean and highly-efficient, liquid-fueled combustion engines to achieve extremely low engine-out nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) as a target and similar efficiency as state-of-the-art direct injection diesel engines. The intent of this project was to identify how fuel properties can be used to achieve controllable Leaner Lifted Flame Combustion (LLFC) with low NOx and PM emissions. Specifically, this project was expected to identify and test key fuel properties to enable LLFC and their compatibility with current fuel systems and to enhance combustion models to capture the effect of fuel properties on advanced combustion. Successful demonstration of LLFC may reduce the need for after treatment devices, thereby reducing costs and improving thermal efficiency. The project team consisted of key technical personnel from Ford Motor Company (FMC), the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories (LLNL). Each partner had key roles in achieving project objectives. FMC investigated fuel properties relating to LLFC and sooting tendency. Together, FMC and UW developed and integrated 3D combustion models to capture fuel property combustion effects. FMC used these modeling results to develop a combustion system and define fuel properties to support a single-cylinder demonstration of fuel-enabled LLFC. UW investigated modeling the flame characteristics and emissions behavior of different fuels, including those with different cetane number and oxygen content. SNL led spray combustion experiments to quantify the effect of key fuel properties on combustion characteristics critical for LLFC, as well as single cylinder optical engine experiments to improve fundamental understanding of flame lift-off, generate model validation data, and demonstrate LLFC concurrent with FMC efforts. Additionally, LLNL was added to the project during the second year to develop a detailed kinetic mechanism for a key oxygenate to support CFD modeling. Successful completion of this project allowed the team to enhance fundamental understanding of LLFC, improve the state of current combustion models and increase understanding of desired fuel properties. This knowledge also improves our knowledge of how cost effective and environmentally friendly renewable fuels can assist in helping meet future emission and greenhouse gas regulations.
Flash quantum efficiency measurements for multi-junction solar cells (2011)

Flash Quantum Efficiency- a technique used to simultaneously measure full spectrum external quantum efficiency (EQE), Reflectance (R), and Transmittance (T), has been introduced in two prior publications [1,2]. The method uses a novel architecture to simultaneously modulate a bank of solid state lightsources and measure, in real time, the cell response to each wavelength. In this work we extend it to include two additional capabilities-automated spatial mapping and multi-junction measurements. Mapping throughput of 2400 sites per hour is demonstrated on single crystal silicon cells with a signal to noise ratio that is significantly higher than conventional QE. New inverted metamorphic cells are also used to develop and demonstrate a multi-junction FlashQE technique with total acquisition time of less than four seconds per triple-junction cell.
EduFeed (2017)

In this work, we present EduFeed, a system that enables preliterate children to explore an algorithmically-mediated social feed of learning exercises, select activities to engage in, and share them with their peers. We deployed EduFeed as a technology probe to three classrooms of ESL students in the first year of elementary school in India who had limited English literacy and limited experience with touchscreen technology. We found that children were able to self-direct their engagement with the system and were initially motivated by digital sharing, while social context surrounding the system in physical space was also important. Based on our design and probe deployment, we reflect on issues relevant to adapting the social feed paradigm to this context, such as ranking algorithms, physicality, immediacy, and bridging physical and digital collaborative experiences.
Cover Picture: Design, Synthesis, and Miniemulsion Polymerization of New Phosphonate Surfmers and Application Studies of the Resulting Nanoparticles as Model Systems for Biomimetic Mineralization and Cellular Uptake (Chem. Eur. J. 17/2012) (2012)

Organic chemistry meets materials and polymer sciences for the design and synthesis of a new family of functional surfmers used for decorating nanoparticles with phosphonate groups. In their Full Paper on page 5201 ff., P. Froimowicz, K. Landfester et al. show that the synthesized particles exhibit great potential for the application in biological studies, such as cellular uptake, and can also be used as templates for biomimetic mineralization at the nanoscale level.