gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Robust Control of a Three-Phase Buck+Boost PWM Rectifier (VRX-4) (2008)

The modeling and control of a three-phase three-switch buck-type rectifier system with integrated boost output stage (voltage range extended 4-switch rectifier) is analyzed in this paper. A cascaded multiloop control structure is presented that has the following features: constant output voltage for a wide input voltage range and stepwise changes of load; sinusoidal input currents in phase with the mains voltages that also remain sinusoidal in case of unbalanced mains conditions; and active damping of the input filter resonance. For the control design, an equivalent dc-dc small-signal model of the converter is derived and verified by simulations and measurements. Based on this and on the identification of the critical operating point, the controllers for the inner dc current and outer voltage control loops are selected. The stability of the closed loop system is discussed and the robust operation of the system is verified by measurements on a 5-kW prototype.
LSI-to-LSI Signal Transmission at 10 Gb/s/ch Using Ultra-High Density Optoelectronic Modules (2008)

As the signal speed of LSIs increases, so does the need to replace copper interconnects with optical interconnects, especially for high performance computing (HPC) . The LSIs of next-generation HPC have as many as approximately 1, 000 I/O signals, so the optoelectronic module for them has to be small. We developed high-density optoelectronic modules that have 12 channels operating at 10Gbps with a 4.5×4.5-mm substrate that has small electrode pads for mounting optical devices on the side face. We demonstrated 10-Gbps transmission between two prototype LSIs using the optoelectronic modules. 10-Gbps signal was transmitted from an LSI to another LSI through electrical-optical-electrical signal path, and error free operation (BER<1E-12) was achieved.
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma arises in thymocytes and requires transient T cell receptor expression for thymic egress (2015)

SDT receives funding from Bloodwise. TM was in receipt of a Gordon Piller PhD studentship from Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research at the time of the study. CF is supported with PhD funding from the bbsrc. SDT, SM, IA and TM are supported with funding from the University of Ha’il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Support to the Macintyre laboratory includes the French Institut National de Cancer (INCa) PAIR Lymphoma T-COG (N° 2008-021) and RT-07 Immature T/My leukemia “Recherche Translationnelle” programmes and MD/PhD grant funding to A Trinquand, the Enfants et Sante and Societe Francaise de Cancers de l’Enfant (SFCE) and the Association Laurette Fugain (ALF2012-09). Support to the Lamant laboratory includes INCa PAIR Lymphoma T-COG. This research was supported by the Cambridge NIHR BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub.
Preprocessing scripts and data for study: Pathway-Based Subnetworks Enable Cross-Disease Biomarker Discovery (2018)

Supplementary File 1 containing preprocessing scripts and data for converting pathway databases into subnetworks.
Changes in the Function and Expression of T-Type and N-Type Calcium Channels in the Rat Bladder after Bladder Outlet Obstruction (2013)

Blocking T-type Ca(2+) channels increased bladder capacity while N-type Ca(2+) channel blockade inhibited nonvoiding contractions in rats with bladder outlet obstruction. Decreased bladder efferent neurotransmission occurred after bladder outlet obstruction, predominantly in its purinergic component and detrusor contractions via cholinergic neurotransmission were activated in a compensatory manner, probably via N-type Ca(2+) channel up-regulation.
Water electrolysis and its applications (1995)

Permelec Electrode has commercialized various electrodes for industrial uses since 1969. Recently, we are focusing on developing several electrolytic systems which are composed of such electrodes and an ion exchange membrane. The membrane has abilities of separating ions and proceeding electrolysis even in the solution of low conductivity. It is clarified that various applications can be realized by this type of the electrolysis cell, so called the zero gap electrolysis system. The profitable and potential applications are introduced here, such as ozone production and diluted salt electrolytic systems for disinfection and water treatments.
Number of public health nurses and COVID-19 incidence rate by variant type: an ecological study of 47 prefectures in Japan (2022)

We found that the COVID-19 incidence rate was higher in prefectures with fewer PHNs per population, regardless of the COVID-19 variant type. By increasing the number of PHNs, it may be possible to contain the spread of COVID-19 in Japan and provide an effective human resource to combat emerging infectious diseases in the future.
The Development and Characterization of a Peptide-Based Syntenin Inhibitor : Implacations for Cancer Metastasis (2014)

The Development and Characterization of a Peptide-Based Syntenin Inhibitor : Implacations for Cancer Metastasis
Direct measurement of core-level relaxation dynamics on a surface- adsorbate system (2008)

L. Miaja-Avila,* G. Saathoff, S. Mathias, J. Yin, C. La-o-vorakiat, M. Bauer, M. Aeschlimann, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany Institut fur Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel, 24908 Kiel, Germany Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strase 1, 85748 Garching, Germany (Received 28 March 2008; published 21 July 2008)
Iron Catalyst Chemistry in Modeling a High-Pressure Carbon Monoxide Nanotube Reactor (2003)

The high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco) technique for producing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is analyzed with the use of a chemical reaction model coupled with flow properties calculated along streamlines, calculated by the FLUENT code for pure carbon monoxide. Cold iron pentacarbonyl, diluted in CO at about 30 atmospheres, is injected into a conical mixing zone, where hot CO is also introduced via three jets at 30 degrees with respect to the axis. Hot CO decomposes the Fe(CO)5 to release atomic Fe. Then iron nucleates and forms clusters that catalyze the formation of SWNTs by a disproportionation reaction (Boudouard) of CO on Fe-containing clusters. Alternative nucleation rates are estimated from the theory of hard sphere collision dynamics with an activation energy barrier. The rate coefficient for carbon nanotube growth is estimated from activation energies in the literature. The calculated growth was found be about an order of magnitude greater than measured, regardless of the nucleation rate. A study of cluster formation in an incubation zone prior to injection into the reactor shows that direct dimer formation from Fe atoms is not as important as formation via an exchange reaction of Fe with CO in FeCO.
Graphene Meets Ionic Liquids: Fermi Level Engineering via Electrostatic Forces (2019)

Graphene-based two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising candidates for a number of different energy applications. A particularly interesting one is in next generation supercapacitors, where graphene is being explored as an electrode material in combination with room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. Because the amount of energy that can be stored in such supercapacitors critically depends on the electrode-electrolyte interface, there is considerable interest in understanding the structure and properties of the graphene/IL interface. Here, we report the changes in the properties of graphene upon adsorption of a homologous series of alkyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ILs using a combination of experimental and theoretical tools. Raman spectroscopy reveals that these ILs cause n-type doping of graphene, and the magnitude of doping increases with increasing cation chain length despite the expected decrease in the density of surface-adsorbed ions. Molecular modeling simulations show that doping originates from the changes in the electrostatic potential at the graphene/IL interface. The findings described here represent an important step in developing a comprehensive understanding of the graphene/IL interface.
Experimental study of the dynamics of neutron emission from the GOL-3 multimirror trap (2006)

In experiments on the plasma heating and confinement in the GOL-3 multimirror trap, a deuterium plasma with a density of ∼1015 cm−3 and an ion temperature of 1–2 keV is confined for more than 1 ms. The plasma is heated by a relativistic electron beam. The ion temperature, which was measured by independent methods, reached 1.5–2 keV after the beginning of the beam injection. Since such a fast ion heating cannot be explained by the classical energy transfer from electrons to ions through binary collisions, a theoretical model of collective energy transfer was proposed. In order to verify this model, a new diagnostics was designed to study the dynamics of neutron emission from an individual mirror cell of the multimirror trap during electron beam injection. Intense neutron bursts predicted by this model were detected experimentally. Periodic neutron flux modulation caused by the macroscopic plasma flow along the solenoid was observed. The revealed mechanism of fast ion heating can be used to achieve fusion temperatures in the multimirror trap.
Abstract 102: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Clinical Trial Control Groups: Time Capsules for Discovery of Secular Trends---Fraction of Patients with Good Neurological Outcomes, 1985 to Present (2014)

Introduction: Over time there have been changes in consensus therapy for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA), including changes in BLS-ACLS, and recently targeted temperature management. There has been only limited success, however, in determining the effect of specific interventions on neurological outcome using randomized clinical trials (RCT’s) and registries. Hypothesis: The control groups in OOHCA RCT’s can be utilized to identify the presence or absence of potential trends in neurological outcome related to secular changes in care. Methods: Comprehensive online search for RCT’s in OOHCA with n &gt; 50 in control group, and reporting neurological outcome, 1960 to present. Extraction of demographic and outcome variables. Analysis, fraction of resuscitated patients with good neurological outcome (GNO), defined as CPC 1 or 2 as a function of year. Results: n=32 usable RCTS were identified, all since 1985. No significant trends in the fraction of patients with GNO were identified (Figure). There was relatively large variability. Outcomes in the epoch since the promulgation of hypothermia have not changed overall. However, since about 2012 there have been a handful of RCT’s with relatively high fraction of patients with GNO compared to historical norms. Limitations: Retrospective methodology and background regional differences limits significance and applicability, hypothesis generating only. Conclusion: Between 1985 and the present, there were no trends in GNO rates in the control groups of RCTs, possibly indicating lack of efficacy or toxicity with respect to therapies experiencing changing patterns of utilization, or an offsetting change in substrate.
Lasers and Optical Spectroscopy in Questioned Document Examination (1986)

Abstract The use of in situ laser-luminescence and excitation spectroscopy for examination of questioned documents is investigated. It is found that such spectroscopy can at times discriminate between similar inks when conventional methods are unsuccessful. A particularly effective procedure for room temperature luminescence enhancement is presented and compared with luminescence at cryogenic temperatures.
Thermal oxidation of ion implanted copper (1988)

Twenty two chemical species are implanted in copper and the subsequent thermal oxidation behaviour is investigated. Ion dose and implantation energy dependences are observed but it is apparent that the implant location and profile are of equivalent importance in the determination of the oxidation kinetics. A variety of electrical measurements are made on the oxide layers in an attempt to verify the p-n junction model proposed by Morris et al. on the basis of a much smaller range of samples. The present findings yield only limited support to this model and suggest that the oxidation behaviour for a particular implant will be determined by a range of inter-related parameters, in particular, impurity concentration and distribution with depth, implantation induced radiation damage and stress, and the chemical nature of the implanted species. Es werden 22 chemische Elemente in Cu implantiert. Nachfolgend wird das thermische Oxydationsverhalten untersucht. Es werden Abhängigkeiten von Ionendosis und Implantationsenergie beobachtet, jedoch die räumliche Tiefe und das Profil sind von ebenso großer Bedeutung bei der Oxidationskinetik. An einer kleineren Gruppe von Proben werden eine Reihe elektrischer Untersuchungen an den Oxydschichten durchgeführt, um das Modell des p-n Übergangs von Morris et al. zu verifizieren. Die Ergebnisse stützen das Modell jedoch nur in begrenztem Maße und legen die Vermutung nahe, daß das Oxydationsverhalten für ein bestimmtes implantiertes Element durch eine Reihe wechselseitig abhängiger Parameter bestimmt wird. Hierzu gehören insbesondere die Konzentration und das Tiefenprofil der implantierten Atomsorte, Strahlungs-induzierte Schäden und mechanische Spannungen sowie die chemische Natur des implantierten Elements.
Bioluminescent Cell-Based NAD(P)/NAD(P)H Assays for Rapid Dinucleotide Measurement and Inhibitor Screening (2014)

Abstract The central role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides in cellular energy metabolism and signaling makes them important nodes that link the metabolic state of cells with energy homeostasis and gene regulation. In this study, we describe the implementation of cell-based bioluminescence assays for rapid and sensitive measurement of those important redox cofactors. We show that the sensitivity of the assays (limit of detection ∼0.5 nM) enables the selective detection of total amounts of nonphosphorylated or phosphorylated dinucleotides directly in cell lysates. The total amount of NAD+NADH or NADP+NADPH levels can be detected in as low as 300 or 600 cells/well, respectively. The signal remains linear up to 5,000 cells/well with the maximum signal-to-background ratios ranging from 100 to 200 for NAD+NADH and from 50 to 100 for NADP+NADPH detection. The assays are robust (Z' value >0.7) and the inhibitor response curves generated using a known NAD biosynthetic pathway inhibitor FK866 correlate well with the reported data. More importantly, by multiplexing the dinucleotide detection assays with a fluorescent nonmetabolic cell viability assay, we show that dinucleotide levels can be decreased dramatically (>80%) by FK866 treatment before changes in cell viability are detected. The utility of the assays to identify modulators of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels was further confirmed using an oncology active compound library, where novel dinucleotide regulating compounds were identified. For example, the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat was a potent inhibitor of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides, whereas the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene unexpectedly caused a twofold increase in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels.
Toward Practical Anticipatory Video Delivery for the Internet-of-Vehicles (2019)

Today deployments of massive Internet of Things (IoT) applications are expected from 5G networks. A primary challenge however is designing scalable wireless resource management schemes that can adapt to the varying temporal and spatial demand of IoT applications. As such, intelligence-based solutions that are agile to, and are able to exploit IoT traffic patterns are emerging as key enablers for 5G IoT applications. For example, Predictive Resource Allocation (PRA) has been proposed in wireless network literature as a mechanism to provide significant energy-savings and Quality of Experience (QoE) gains by leveraging predictions of the user location. While the results are very promising, further research is needed to 1) model and handle the inherent uncertainty in the predicted rates of PRA, and 2) develop low-complexity solutions for practical adoption. This is the topic of this paper, where we present a credibility-based chance-constrained fuzzy programming solution for PRA that enables the operator to control the energy efficiency-QoE tradeoff for different users and services. We demonstrate the use of a Kalman Filter (KF) to adaptively model rate prediction uncertainty by modifying the limits of the fuzzy membership functions in real-time. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed credibility-based framework provides a low-complexity solution for robust PRA.
Side-stepping the valley of death in New York City (2010)

Five years ago, I had never heard of the "valley of death." But recently it appears all around me, lying in wait for any misstep. As a research professor in biomedical engineering, I spend a great amount of time carefully shepherding seemingly successful technologies from falling into this valley of oblivion. Typically, one enters the valley of death when you have developed a working medical instrument in academia for proof-of-concept, but there are no viable commercial applications on the horizon. Academic projects are often started to improve medical care while reducing costs to society, but those goals must change to the singular goal of profit when a technology goes to industry. Thus, many technologies are never licensed to industry after success in academia, thereby falling into this valley of death. Reasons may be the lack of protection of intellectual property, that the new technology cannot be manufactured at a low enough cost, or withstand the rigors of the hospital environment. Review from federal government agencies may be seen as too costly a hurdle, although the National Institutes of Health are shifting their attention to tackle this problem.
Stimulation of transmural capillary endothelialization of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts through local overexpression of a novel recombinant VEGFR2-ligand VEGF-A109 (2012)

Stimulation of transmural capillary endothelialization of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts through local overexpression of a novel recombinant VEGFR2-ligand VEGF-A109
A Metamaterial-Based Handset Antenna with the SAR Reduction (2014)

A method to reduce the specific absorption rate(SAR) of the antenna for WiMAX mobile communication is proposed in this paper. The SAR reduction is achieved by miniaturizing the physical size of the antenna for the given resonance frequency by devising a metamaterial-composite right- and left-handed(CRLH) configuration-based radiator much smaller than the quarter-guided wavelength adopted a lot in the conventional planar inverted F antenna(PIFA) or modified monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is placed near the head-phantom and its SAR is evaluated by the full-wave simulations(SEMCAD X), where the metamaterial-inspired antenna is shown to have the lower value than a modified monopole as the reference in terms of the SAR.
GOblet: a platform for Gene Ontology annotation of anonymous sequence data (2004)

GOblet is a comprehensive web server application providing the annotation of anonymous sequence data with Gene Ontology (GO) terms. It uses a variety of different protein databases (human, murines, invertebrates, plants, sp-trembl) and their respective GO mappings. The user selects the appropriate database and alignment threshold and thereafter submits single or multiple nucleotide or protein sequences. Results are shown in different ways, e.g. as survey statistics for the main GO categories for all sequences or as detailed results for each single sequence that has been submitted. In its newest version, GOblet allows the batch submission of sequences and provides an improved display of results with the aid of Java applets. All output data, together with the Java applet, are packed to a downloadable archive for local installation and analysis. GOblet can be accessed freely at http://goblet.molgen.mpg.de.
Data from Quantitative, Spatially Defined Expression of Leukocyte-associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Targeting the interaction of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) and its ligands has been shown to reinstate antitumor immunity. In addition, the introduction of the LAIR-1 decoy protein, LAIR-2, sensitizes previously resistant lung tumors to programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade, indicating the potential of LAIR-1 as an alternative marker for anti-PD-1 resistance in lung cancer. Here, we assessed LAIR-1 as compared with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in various tumors, with a focus on non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its histologic subtypes using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (mQIF) in 287 (discovery cohort) and 144 (validation cohort) patients with NSCLC. In addition, using multispectral imaging technology on mQIF images, we evaluated the localization of LAIR-1 on various cell types. We observed that CD14&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and CD163&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; monocytes and CK&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; tumor cells predominantly expressed LAIR-1 more than other cell types. Furthermore, LAIR-1 expression in the tumor compartment was significantly higher in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than those with lung squamous cell carcinoma subtype (**, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). Our results indicated that high tumor LAIR-1 expression in patients with LUAD is negatively associated with OS (overall survival, HR = 2.4; *, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02) highlighting its prognostic value in LUAD but not in other subtypes. The Pearson correlation between LAIR-1 and PD-L1 is 0.31; however, mutual exclusive staining pattern (i.e., several cases were positive for LAIR-1 and negative for PD-L1) was observed. Altogether, our data suggest that the combination therapy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with anti-LAIR-1 or the anti-LAIR-1 monotherapy alone may be promising cancer immunotherapeutic strategies.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;The spatial, quantitative assessment of LAIR-1 in NSCLC shows positive association of OS with high LAIR-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cell densities and negative association of OS with high LAIR-1 expression in LUAD tumor subtype.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Adalimumab sustains clinical remission and overall clinical benefit after 2 years of therapy for Crohn’s disease (2010)

Adalimumab demonstrated sustained maintenance of clinical remission, improvements in quality of life and reductions in hospitalization during long-term treatment for CD, with no new safety concerns identified.
Pyridazine Chemistry in Crop Protection (2017)

An overview is given of the significance of the pyridazine scaffold in crop protection chemistry. The main herbicidally, fungicidally, and insecticidally active pyridazine classes are presented, together with their synthesis routes, modes of action, and biological efficacies. In addition, the role of pyridazines as an isosteric replacement or as lead structure of other agrochemicals is reported. Also, benzannulated pyridazines, such as cinnolines and phthalazines as well as partially and fully saturated pyridazine derivatives, are covered.
Extracellular measurement of acetylcholine receptor function in microcircuit-coupled myoblasts (1992)

An electrophysiological measurement principle for long-term, non-invasive monitoring of acetylcholine receptor function is described. Measurements depend on the ability to record agonist-induced depolarizations of clonal myoblasts that form high impedance seals with extracellular microcircuit electrodes. The extracellular potentials are shown to be completely eliminated by α-bungarotoxin. The technique appears promising for a variety of non-invasive electrophysiological biosensing applications.