gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Methods from Knockdown of Oncogenic KRAS in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers Suppresses Tumor Growth and Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Targeted Therapy (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Knockdown of Oncogenic KRAS in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers Suppresses Tumor Growth and Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Targeted Therapy
Improving the Precision of Specifications by Evaluating the Influence of Test Parameters on Tribological Results (2003)

A series of cooperative interlaboratory tests (round robins) was conducted in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 by the DIN 51834 Working Group on Tribological Tests in Translatory Oscillation Apparatus. The statistical analysis of these test results shows the influence of cleaning solvent, machine model and evaluation criteria on the tribological properties of the lubricants tested. Coefficients of friction and wear results are ranked according to the effects of ten different cleaning solvents, where isopropanol gave the lowest values and isoparaffin solvents the highest. The effect of machine model on coefficients of friction varied from about 0.2 % to 0.9 % of the mean. Wear results were not affected. The tests also showed that the seizure criteria and methods of measuring wear required for in the test procedure do not provide a suitable measure of the tribological properties of some lubricants. The precision was improved by introducing a grease apply caliper as well as an increased stroke to 1,5 mm and running-in. The temperature does not affect the precision of the oil test procedure.
Molecular heterogeneity of beta thalassaemia in the Italian population (1984)

Fifty-one subjects originating from Southern Italy and affected by Cooley's anaemia have been studied in order to define the degree of heterogeneity of beta thalassaemia mutations in this high incidence area. Restriction endonuclease mapping has been carried out on genomic DNA by the Southern blot technique both to exclude the existence of gross deletions or rearrangements and to establish the relative frequency of four polymorphic restriction sites (i.e. G gamma and A gamma Hind III, beta Ava II and beta Bam HI) within the gamma delta beta gene region. In 28 subjects unequivocal linkage of the four polymorphic sites has been determined leading to the identification of seven different chromosome haplotypes, six of which had previously been reported associated with specific beta(0) and beta(+) thalassaemia mutations. Globin chain synthesis studies on peripheral blood reticulocytes indicated that subjects carrying the same genotype may behave differently as far as the beta chain production is concerned relative to both the alpha and the non-alpha chains. Thus, beta thalassaemia turns out to be quite heterogeneous even in this limited geographical area. Beta(+) mutations appear to be predominant, particularly those affecting nuclear precursor RNA splicing to mature beta globin mRNA.
Cloud Computing with DNA Cognitive Architecture in the Context of Turing's &#x0022;Unsinkable&#x0022; Titanic Machine (2014)

Cloud computing deals with accessing services and resources in distributed environments needed to perform functions with dynamically changing needs. The cloud provides a virtualization of resources that maintains and manages itself. The DIME Network Architecture was introduced as a new approach to handle dynamic aspects of cloud computing, i.e., self-repairs, auto-scaling, live-migration, end-to-end service transaction security, and so on. It was hypothesized that for such self-reference features, conventional Turing machines fall short. In this paper, we investigate this claim in more depth.
Programmable Materials and the Nature of the DNA Bond* (2020)

For over half a century, the biological roles of nucleic acids as catalytic enzymes, intracellular regulatory molecules, and the carriers of genetic information have been studied extensively. More recently, the sequence-specific binding properties of DNA have been exploited to direct the assembly of materials at the nanoscale. This chapter draws an analogy between such building blocks and the familiar chemical concepts of “bonds” and “valency” and review two distinct but related strategies that have used this design principle in constructing new configurations of matter. Synthetic chemists regularly wield this degree of control over atoms by manipulating the formation of covalent bonds, and supramolecular chemists control the organization of larger molecular species through the manipulation of noncovalent interactions. The synthesis of nanomaterials and their assembly into larger well-defined architectures has conceptually similar goals.
Disease Progression of WHIM Syndrome in an International Cohort of 66 Pediatric and Adult Patients (2022)

Warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome (WS) is a combined immunodeficiency caused by gain-of-function mutations in the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) gene. We characterize a unique international cohort of 66 patients, including 57 (86%) cases previously unreported, with variable clinical phenotypes. Of 17 distinct CXCR4 genetic variants within our cohort, 11 were novel pathogenic variants affecting 15 individuals (23%). All variants affect the same CXCR4 region and impair CXCR4 internalization resulting in hyperactive signaling. The median age of diagnosis in our cohort (5.5 years) indicates WHIM syndrome can commonly present in childhood, although some patients are not diagnosed until adulthood. The prevalence and mean age of recognition and/or onset of clinical manifestations within our cohort were infections 88%/1.6 years, neutropenia 98%/3.8 years, lymphopenia 88%/5.0 years, and warts 40%/12.1 years. However, we report greater prevalence and variety of autoimmune complications of WHIM syndrome (21.2%) than reported previously. Patients with versus without family history of WHIM syndrome were diagnosed earlier (22%, average age 1.3 years versus 78%, average age 5 years, respectively). Patients with a family history of WHIM syndrome also received earlier treatment, experienced less hospitalization, and had less end-organ damage. This observation reinforces previous reports that early treatment for WHIM syndrome improves outcomes. Only one patient died; death was attributed to complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The variable expressivity of WHIM syndrome in pediatric patients delays their diagnosis and therapy. Early-onset bacterial infections with severe neutropenia and/or lymphopenia should prompt genetic testing for WHIM syndrome, even in the absence of warts.
A new method for tapered open-ended coaxial line probe in determining relative complex permittivity at radio and microwave frequencies (1998)

The measurement of complex permittivity of dielectric materials using coaxial line reflection methods at radio and microwave frequencies is of great interest. Peoples in basic and applied research areas as well as those in industry have an increasing requirement on the knowledge of the dielectric properties of materials. Based on coaxial line reflection methods, different probes employing various sizes and shapes are supposed and investigated[1]. Some of these methods have certain high requests on the configurations of the test samples. The dielectric properties of air and other materials are different and reflected microwaves are so sensitive to the dielectric properties of the materials under test that any small gap between samples and probes will cause measurement errors. The difficulties in preparing the samples lie in the necessity of precise cutting and machining. This cause researchers to find new probes which are easy to produce, have low requests on the preparation of samples and have tight contact between probes and samples[2∼4].
First Principles Calculations for Valence States of Mn in SrTiO3 (2007)

The valence change mechanism of doped Mn in SrTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> has been discussed on the basis of the first-principles calculation results. These results show that the crystal with Mn <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> is stabilized by a peculiar tilting deformation of the MnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> octahedron, whereas the crystal with Mn <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4+</sup> does not exhibit such tilting. The valence of Mn is closely related to the lattice deformation, and the experimentally observed change in the valence of Mn in SrTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> can be well explained by the thermal excitations of the tilting modes of MnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> .
Thermal Oxidation of Silicon in Dry Oxygen: Growth‐Rate Enhancement in the Thin Regime: II . Physical Mechanisms (1985)

In many studies of oxidation kinetics, it has been observed that silicon‐dioxide growth in dry oxygen in the thin film regime (<500Å) is faster than predicted by the linear‐parabolic description of the growth of thicker layers. Oxidation‐rate enhancement in the thin film regime was studied in the 800°–1000°C range for a variety of substrate orientations, doping densities, and oxygen partial pressures using in situ ellipsometry. The results were reported in part I of this paper. In this part, the physical mechanisms previously proposed to explain the rate enhancement are discussed. No single model was found to apply under all experimental conditions. A new understanding of the growth‐rate enhancement in the early stages of silicon oxidation in dry oxygen is introduced.
Nonlinearity Compensation Benefit in High Capacity Ultra-Long Haul Transmission Systems (2013)

We experimentally investigate digital back propagation (DBP) benefit versus channel preemphasis, average launch power per channel, and transmission distance. We find the DBP benefit scales monotonically with channel power and transmission distance. Measurement results match well with theory.
Synthèse et caractérisation des propriétés de polymères amphiphiles rhéo-épaississants (2002)

During last decade, design for deconstruction (DfD) has attracted the attention of researchers and project managers as an environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional demolition of buildings. Yet, the intensity of raw materials consumption, waste generation and greenhouse gas (GhG) emission in the construction industry proves that current methods of selecting building components have failed to make the deconstruction effectively feasible. Specifically, in the material selection process, most research studies concentrate on assessing environmental and economic aspects while in selecting material for DfD various factors must be considered. To overcome this gap, this study aims to propose a DfD-based material selection model which enables designers to choose materials that make the recyclability and reusability of building components feasible. To this end, the Kano model is first applied to categorize selection criteria identified via a questionnaire. After extracting the weights of criteria by using Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process, a Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution-based multi-criteria decision-making framework is proposed for choosing the best possible alternatives. Based on the research results, the framework enables designers to find decent materials in terms of DfD requirements. A numerical example is also provided to examine the proposed framework for selecting the most appropriate materials for walls.
Magnetocardiography Using a Magnetoresistive Sensor Array (2018)

In previous magnetocardiography studies, magnetocardiograms (MCGs) have been obtained using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) systems. SQUID is the most sensitive instrument for measuring low-frequency magnetic fields, but it requires liquid helium for cooling, so operating costs are high. In contrast, magnetoresistive (MR) magnetometers function by detecting the change in resistance, caused by an external magnetic field, and have much lower costs. This study was aimed to evaluate feasibility of the MR sensor array for acquiring MCGs.We used an MR sensor array, which was developed for measuring magnetic fields in the picotesla range, with a reduced noise level (TDK Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). A 30-channel MR sensor array was placed in a magnetically shielded room, and the cardiac magnetic field over the anterior chest walls of five healthy subjects was recorded.For all five subjects, MCGs were successfully recorded using the MR sensor array. The cardiac magnetic field corresponding to P, QRS, and T waves on an electrocardiogram (ECG) was detectable by signals averaging 272 ± 27.5 beats.An MR sensor array can be used to measure cardiac magnetic fields. Our results will contribute to the development of low-cost devices for recording MCGs, which will help develop non-invasive diagnostics in cardiovascular medicine.
Multi-homing in BGP-based Virtual Private LAN Service (2008)

Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) is a Layer 2 Virtual Private
Network (VPN) that gives its customers the appearance that their sites
are connected via a Local Area Network (LAN). It is often required for
the Service Provider (SP) to give the customer redundant connectivity
to some sites, often called multi-homing. This memo shows how multi-
homing can be offered in the context of BGP-based VPLS.
Branched Chain Lipid Metabolism As a Determinant of the N-Acyl Variation of Streptomyces Natural Products (2021)

Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) are encountered in Gram-positive bacteria, but less so in other organisms. The bacterial BCFA in membranes are typically saturated, with both odd- and even-numbered carbon chain lengths, and with methyl branches at either the ω-1 (<i>iso</i>) or ω-2 (<i>anteiso</i>) positions. The acylation with BCFA also contributes to the structural diversity of microbial natural products and potentially modulates biological activity. For the tunicamycin (TUN) family of natural products, the toxicity toward eukaryotes is highly dependent upon <i>N</i>-acylation with <i>trans</i>-2,3-unsaturated BCFA. The loss of the 2,3-unsaturation gives modified TUN with reduced eukaryotic toxicity but crucially with retention of the synergistic enhancement of the β-lactam group of antibiotics. Here, we infer from genomics, mass spectrometry, and deuterium labeling that the <i>trans</i>-2,3-unsaturated TUN variants and the saturated cellular lipids found in TUN-producing <i>Streptomyces</i> are derived from the same pool of BCFA metabolites. Moreover, non-natural primers of BCFA metabolism are selectively incorporated into the cellular lipids of TUN-producing <i>Streptomyces</i> and concomitantly produce structurally novel <i>neo</i>-branched TUN <i>N</i>-acyl variants.
Human adiponectin receptor AdipoR1 assumes closed and open structures (2020)

The human adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, are key anti-diabetic molecules. We previously reported the crystal structures of human AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, revealing that their seven transmembrane helices form an internal closed cavity (the closed form). In this study, we determined the crystal structure of the D208A variant AdipoR1, which is fully active with respect to the major downstream signaling. Among the three molecules in the asymmetric unit, two assume the closed form, and the other adopts the open form with large openings in the internal cavity. Between the closed- and open-form structures, helices IV and V are tilted with their intracellular ends shifted by about 4 and 11 Å, respectively. Furthermore, we reanalyzed our previous wild-type AdipoR1 diffraction data, and determined a 44:56 mixture of the closed and open forms, respectively. Thus, we have clarified the closed-open interconversion of AdipoR1, which may be relevant to its functional mechanism(s).
3D Printed CO2‐Based Triblock Copolymers and Post‐Printing Modification (2022)

Abstract We report the facile synthesis and 3D printing of a series of triblock copolymers consisting of soft and hard blocks and demonstrate that alkene pendant groups of the hard block can be covalently modified. The polymers are prepared using a salenCo(III)TFA/PPNTFA binary catalyst system and 1,2‐propanediol as a chain transfer agent, providing an efficient one‐pot, two‐step strategy to tailor polymer thermal and mechanical properties. Thixotropic inks suitable for direct ink write printing were formulated by dissolving the block copolymers in organic solvent and dispersing NaCl particles. After printing, porous structures were produced by removing solvent and NaCl with water to give printed structures with surfaces that could be modified via UV‐initiated thiol‐ene click reactions. Alternatively, a tetra‐thiol could be incorporated into the ink and used for cross‐linking to give objects with high solvent resistance and selective degradability.
Accelerated differentiation of osteoblast cells on polycaprolactone scaffolds driven by a combined effect of protein coating and plasma modification (2010)

A combined effect of protein coating and plasma modification on the quality of the osteoblast-scaffold interaction was investigated. Three-dimensional polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds were manufactured by the precision extrusion deposition (PED) system. The structural, physical, chemical and biological cues were introduced to the surface through providing 3D structure, coating with adhesive protein fibronectin and modifying the surface with oxygen-based plasma. The changes in the surface properties of PCL after those modifications were examined by contact angle goniometry, surface energy calculation, surface chemistry analysis (XPS) and surface topography measurements (AFM). The effects of modification techniques on osteoblast short-term and long-term functions were examined by cell adhesion, proliferation assays and differentiation markers, namely alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteocalcin secretion. The results suggested that the physical and chemical cues introduced by plasma modification might be sufficient for improved cell adhesion, but for accelerated osteoblast differentiation the synergetic effects of structural, physical, chemical and biological cues should be introduced to the PCL surface.
Effect of Molecular Weight and Functionality on Acrylated Poly(caprolactone) for Stereolithography and Biomedical Applications (2018)

Degradable polymers are integral components in many biomedical polymer applications. The ability of these materials to decompose in situ has become a critical component for tissue engineering, allowing scaffolds to guide cell and tissue growth while facilitating gradual regeneration of native tissue. The objective of this work is to understand the role of prepolymer molecular weight and functionality of photocurable poly(caprolactone) (PCL) in determining reaction kinetics, mechanical properties, polymer degradation, biocompatibility, and suitability for stereolithography. PCL, a degradable polymer used in a number of biomedical applications, was functionalized with acrylate groups to enable photopolymerization and three-dimensional printing via stereolithography. PCL prepolymers with different molecular weights and functionalities were studied to understand the role of molecular structure in reaction kinetics, mechanical properties, and degradation rates. The mechanical properties of photocured PCL were dependent on cross-link density and directly related to the molecular weight and functionality of the prepolymers. High-molecular weight, low-functionality PCLDA prepolymers exhibited a lower modulus and a higher strain at break, while low-molecular weight, high-functionality PCLTA prepolymers exhibited a lower strain at break and a higher modulus. Additionally, degradation profiles of cross-linked PCL followed a similar trend, with low cross-link density leading to degradation times up to 2.5 times shorter than those of more highly cross-linked polymers. Furthermore, photopolymerized PCL showed biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo, causing no observed detrimental effects on seeded murine-induced pluripotent stem cells or when implanted into pig retinas. Finally, the ability to create three-dimensional PCL structures is shown by fabrication of simple structures using digital light projection stereolithography. Low-molecular weight, high-functionality PCLTA prepolymers printed objects with feature sizes near the hardware resolution limit of 50 μm. This work lays the foundation for future work in fabricating microscale PCL structures for a wide range of tissue regeneration applications.
Supplementary Figure FS4 from Quantitative, Spatially Defined Expression of Leukocyte-associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;LAIR-1 expression in different compartments and its association with survival in Validation Cohort 250 (YTMA-250). (A) LAIR-1 protein expression in tumor and stroma compartments. (B) LAIR-1 tumor and stromal protein expression in both LUAD and LUSC-NSCLC subtypes. (C) Association of LAIR-1 expression in tumor and CD68 compartments with the outcome.&lt;/p&gt;
Machine learning with multimodal data for COVID-19 (2023)

In response to the unprecedented global healthcare crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community has joined forces to tackle the challenges and prepare for future pandemics. Multiple modalities of data have been investigated to understand the nature of COVID-19. In this paper, MIDRC investigators present an overview of the state-of-the-art development of multimodal machine learning for COVID-19 and model assessment considerations for future studies. We begin with a discussion of the lessons learned from radiogenomic studies for cancer diagnosis. We then summarize the multi-modality COVID-19 data investigated in the literature including symptoms and other clinical data, laboratory tests, imaging, pathology, physiology, and other omics data. Publicly available multimodal COVID-19 data provided by MIDRC and other sources are summarized. After an overview of machine learning developments using multimodal data for COVID-19, we present our perspectives on the future development of multimodal machine learning models for COVID-19.
Pedestrian detection of road scenes using depth and intensity features (2014)

In this paper, we present pedestrian detection method using fusion of intensity and depth features. Complementary fusion of these features significantly boosts the detection performance. Histogram of Oriented gradient (HOG) is applied for feature extraction in both intensity and depth images and trained by linear SVM. Our approach has an advantage over the conventional intensity image based methods, since depth features are robust against illumination, complex background and human pose variations. The experimental result shows that our proposed method has better detection performance.
Inside Cover: Controlling the Product Platform of Carbon Dioxide Reduction: Adaptive Catalytic Hydrosilylation of CO 2 Using a Molecular Cobalt(II) Triazine Complex (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 36/2020) (2020)

Organometallic treasure hunt A molecular cobalt catalyst “navigates” the CO2 reduction with phenylsilanes to arrive at each product level individually with high selectivity and activity. This demonstrates the possibility of developing adaptive catalytic systems for the use of carbon dioxide as raw material for chemicals or energy carriers, as detailed by C. Werlé, W. Leitner et al. in their Research Article on page 15674.
Infrared frequency selective surfaces (2004)

A frequency selective surface (FSS) is designed and fabricated to resonate in the infrared. The FSS is designed via periodic method of moments (PMM) software and is based on circuit-analog resonance of square loop elements. The lithographically composed FSS resonates at the absorption of infrared radiation. The spectral characteristics of this surface are studied from 3 to 15 /spl mu/m.