gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of fibrosis in liver biopsies from patients with chronic hepatitis B (2004)

Our results validated the use of Bioquant Nova Prime in estimating collagen content in liver biopsies. We showed that morphometry is a sensitive method of liver fibrosis quantification in CHB and complements semi-quantitative histological scoring system. This tool, with its reliable intraassay variability, could be of special value in assessing histological response to treatment after anti-viral or anti-fibrotic therapy.
Bimetallic MxRu100−x nanoparticles (M = Fe, Co) on supported ionic liquid phases (MxRu100−x@SILP) as hydrogenation catalysts: Influence of M and M:Ru ratio on activity and selectivity (2022)

Bimetallic iron-ruthenium and cobalt-ruthenium nanoparticles with systematic variations in the Fe:Ru and Co:Ru ratios are prepared following an organometallic approach and immobilized on an imidazolium-based supported ionic liquid phase (SILP). Resulting MxRu100-x@SILP materials are characterized by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, confirming the formation of small, well-dispersed and alloyed zero-valent bimetallic nanoparticles. A systematic comparison of the performances of FexRu100−x@SILP and CoxRu100−x@SILP catalysts is made using the hydrogenation of benzilideneacetone as model reaction. The M:Ru ratio is found to have a critical influence on activity and selectivity, with clear synergistic effects arising from the combination of the noble and 3d metals. CoxRu100−x@SILP catalysts are significantly more reactive to reach a given selectivity at a systematically higher content of the 3d metal as compared to the FexRu100−x@SILP catalysts, evidencing a remarkable influence of the nature of the “diluting” 3d metal on the overall performance of the MxRu100−x@SILP catalysts.
Opinion column (2017)

As promised in our introductory edition, this column will report highlights and lowlights of online discussion threads among the members of the Multimedia community (see our Facebook MM Community Discussion group).
Figure S6 from RTK-Dependent Inducible Degradation of Mutant PI3Kα Drives GDC-0077 (Inavolisib) Efficacy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;RTK activity plays a key role in regulating p110a degradation&lt;/p&gt;
Single, intra-articular treatment with 6 ml hylan G-F 20 in patients with symptomatic primary osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo controlled trial (2009)

This placebo-controlled study demonstrated that, in patients with knee osteoarthritis, a single 6 ml intra-articular injection of hylan G-F 20 is safe and effective in providing statistically significant, clinically relevant pain relief over 26 weeks, with a modest difference versus placebo.
Molecular Shape Descriptors. 2. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships Based Upon Three-Dimensional Molecular Shape Descriptor (1985)

A methodology to incorporate the three-dimensional molecular shape descriptor (3 D-MSD) into a quantitative structure-activity relationship is discussed in detail. The 3 D-MSD is calculated and correlated with K iapp values for a set of 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines which inhibit E. coli DHFR. The correlation (n = 22, r = 0.95, s = 0.214, F = 55.10) indicates that the polarization interaction dominates the enzyme-inhibitor interactional pattern.
Cumulative joint effects of air pollution and extreme heat events among hemodialysis patients (2021)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Increasing number of studies have linked air pollution exposure with renal function decline and disease. However, there is a lack of data on its impact among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and its potential modifying effect from extreme heat events (EHE). METHODS: Fresenius Kidney Care (FKC) records from 28 selected northeastern counties were used to pool daily all-cause mortality (ACM) and all-cause hospital admissions (ACHA) counts. County-level daily ambient PM2.5 and ozone were estimated using a high-resolution spatiotemporal coupled model and matched to ESRD patients based on ZIP codes of treatment sites. We used time-stratified case-crossover analyses to characterize acute exposures using same day (Lag 0) and cumulative exposure for up to 3 days (Lag 0-3). A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) framework was applied in non-stratified and EHE-stratified analyses. We used a nested model comparison hypothesis test to evaluate for interaction effects. RESULTS:From 2001 to 2016, the sample population consisted of 43,338 ESRD patients and yielded 5,217 deaths and 78,433 hospital admissions. A 10-unit increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 5% increase in ACM (rate ratio [RRLag0-3], 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00-1.10) and same-day O3 (RRLag0, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03) after adjusting for extreme heat exposures. Exceedance of ozone national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) in the prior 3 days (Lag 0-3) was associated with a 29% increase in ACM (RRLag0-3, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00-1.66) during EHE days. Data suggest that EHE can modify the association between ground-level Lag 0-3 ozone and mortality and Lag 0-3 PM2.5 exposures and mortality. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that extreme heat events may modify the association between air pollution and ACM among ESRD patients. National level assessments are needed to investigate how this relationship may vary by individual-level determinants and geographic region. KEYWORDS: Air pollution, Ozone, Particulate matter, Short-term exposure, Temperature extremes
Application of capillary electrophoresis/ electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry to subcellular proteomics of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins (2004)

We introduce capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) as an efficient means for the on-line separation and identification of protein mixtures. It was found that while CE/electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS analysis of whole-cell lysate was too complicated for the one-dimensional CE-MS analysis, the technique was useful for the analysis of protein mixtures of moderate complexity (approximately 50 intact proteins). CE/ESI-MS was applied to the subcellular proteomics of ribosomal Escherichia coli. 55 out of the 56 ribosomal proteins were detected with ease by using only approximately 3.4 ng of ribosomal proteins. In addition, it was found that the mass accuracy of the conventional MS (such as quadrupole ion traps) was good enough to identify many post-translational modifications of the intact proteins by simply comparing their measured average molecular weight with the average molecular weight predicted from gene banks.
Cardiac activity detection: A fast prototyping approach with health safety considerations (2012)

This paper presents a fast prototyping approach for the construction of a Doppler radar system operating at 24-GHz ISM-Band for noncontact detection of cardiac activities. The hardware system consists of an off-the-shelf radar sensor, a signal conditioning board and a Notebook computer. A two-step dc offsets removal technique is exploited to measure the cardiac activities in arctangent demodulation procedure. Various health safety regulations (for subjecting human body to radar signals) have also been studied and the requirements for system design and operating conditions are proposed (to ensure that the system operates within the health safety regulations). Experiments involving stationary human subjects have been carried out. The results obtained show that, the cardiac waveform can be detected clearly and the heart rates can be measured with accuracy higher than 98% when the radar system operates at 0.5 meter away from the human subject.
Lysosomal DNaseII degrades nuclear DNA and prevents self DNA recognition (159.17) (2012)

Abstract The aberrant activation of innate immune sensors by self nucleic acids can foster the development of autoimmunity. For example, the absence of nucleases that degrade self nucleic acids leads to autoimmune diseases in mice and humans. DNaseII is the major lysosomal DNA-degrading nuclease. Its deletion in mice results in the accumulation of self DNA, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and development of chronic polyarthritis that resembles human rheumatoid arthritis. DNaseII is known to degrade extracellular DNA in phagocytes. However, given its ubiquitous expression across cell types, we hypothesized that the nuclease plays a broader role in the clearance of DNA. Supporting this notion, DNA accumulated in both phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells from DNaseII-deficient mice, and could be further elevated by treatment with DNA-damaging agents. Concomitantly, cytokines and other immune genes were upregulated through a Sting-mediated cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathway. Surprisingly, DNA accumulated within nuclear buds and extranuclear aggregates that often co-localized with autophagic and lysosomal markers. A deficiency in autophagy displayed higher levels of extranuclear DNA and enhanced Sting-dependent innate immune response. The observed nuclear to lysosomal DNA clearance process appears to eliminate discarded nuclear DNA in the steady state and in response to DNA damage, and protect cells and organisms from developing pathological immunity to self DNA.
Throughput Analysis of a p-Persistent CSMA Protocol with QoS Differentiation for Multiple Traffic Types (2008)

With the widespread success of 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) and the need for quality of service (QoS) the 802.11e amendment was created. This amendment specifies the enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) procedure which provides QoS through service differentiation. The underlying mechanism for the contention based access of 802.11 and 802.11e is carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA). p-persistent carrier sense multiple access (p-persistent CSMA) can be used to model CSMA/CA. This paper modifies the p-persistent CSMA mechanism to provide service differentiation in a saturated network. This is a new general model for providing QoS through contention based access. This p-persistent CSMA model is then converted into a model for an 802.11e network. Simulations and comparison with other 802.11e models validates this model while the benefit of this model is that it can be modified readily to characterise service differentiation in a non-saturated network.
IJER editorial: The future of the internal combustion engine (2019)

Executive summaryInternal combustion (IC) engines operating on fossilfuel oil provide about 25% of the world’s power (about3000 out of 13,000 million tons oil equivalent peryear—see Figure 1), and in doing so, they produceabout 10% of the world’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emis-sions (Figure 2). Reducing fuel consumption and emis-sions has been the goal of engine researchers andmanufacturers for years, as can be seen in the twodecades of ground-breaking peer-reviewed articles pub-lished in thisInternational Journal of Engine Research(IJER). Indeed, major advances have been made, mak-ing today’s IC engine a technological marvel. However,recently, the reputation of IC engines has been dealt asevere blow by emission scandals that threaten the abil-ity of this technology to make significant and furthercontributions to the reduction of transportation sectoremissions. In response, there have been proposals toreplace vehicle IC engines with electric-drives with theintended goals of further reducing fuel consumptionand emissions, and to decrease vehicle GHG emissions.Indeed, some potential students and researchers arebeing dissuaded from seeking careers in IC engineresearch due to disparaging statements made in thepopular press and elsewhere that disproportionatelyblame IC engines for increasing atmospheric GHGs.Without a continuous influx of enthusiastic, well-trained engineers into the profession, the potential fur-ther benefits that improved IC engines can still providewill not be realized. As responsible automotive engi-neers and as stewards of the environment for futuregenerations, it is up to our community to make an hon-est assessment of the progress made in the developmentof IC engines over the past century, with their almostuniversal adoption to meet the world’s mobility andpower generation needs. Considering that the maturityof IC engine technology is something that many othertechnologies/possibilities do not have, we also need toassess the potential for future progress, as well as toassess the benefits offered by competitor technologies,in order to make responsible recommendations forfuture directions.
Variable Optical Buffer Using Integrated 1×8 Optical Phased-Array Switch (2010)

We demonstrate variable all-optical buffering based on InP 1×8 optical phased-array switch and fiber delay lines. Low-loss 8-channel simultaneous coupling between the switch and fiber array is achieved by using a silica-based planer-lightwave-circuit pitch converter.
Double-Uncertainty Guided Spatial and Temporal Consistency Regularization Weighting for Learning-based Abdominal Registration (2021)

In order to tackle the difficulty associated with the ill-posed nature of the image registration problem, regularization is often used to constrain the solution space. For most learning-based registration approaches, the regularization usually has a fixed weight and only constrains the spatial transformation. Such convention has two limitations: (i) Besides the laborious grid search for the optimal fixed weight, the regularization strength of a specific image pair should be associated with the content of the images, thus the "one value fits all" training scheme is not ideal; (ii) Only spatially regularizing the transformation may neglect some informative clues related to the ill-posedness. In this study, we propose a mean-teacher based registration framework, which incorporates an additional temporal consistency regularization term by encouraging the teacher model's prediction to be consistent with that of the student model. More importantly, instead of searching for a fixed weight, the teacher enables automatically adjusting the weights of the spatial regularization and the temporal consistency regularization by taking advantage of the transformation uncertainty and appearance uncertainty. Extensive experiments on the challenging abdominal CT-MRI registration show that our training strategy can promisingly advance the original learning-based method in terms of efficient hyperparameter tuning and a better tradeoff between accuracy and smoothness.
SMASH ΔΣ modulator with adderless feed‐forward loop filter (2017)

A novel cascade ΔΣ modulator, which combines the benefits of sturdy MASH (SMASH) topology and feed‐forward loop filter, is presented. The proposed ΔΣ architecture is based on moving the power‐hungry adder block from the quantiser input to the first integrator output. The proposed architecture shows a better operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) linearity and relaxed OTA DC‐gain compared with conventional MASH and SMASH topologies. This feature makes the modulator topology more suitable than conventional MASH and SMASH topologies for low‐voltage applications.
Applications and Techniques for 2D Picosecond Imaging for Circuit Analysis (2014)

Abstract In this paper, we present the latest results obtained with a 2D Picosecond Imaging Circuit Analysis (PICA) camera with enhanced Near InfraRed (NIR) sensitivity [1] for taking 2D Time Resolved Emission (TRE). We will discuss key applications where the time-resolved imaging capability is very effective in reducing the debug time and improving the interpretation of the failure signatures of several VLSI chips. Besides conventional chip diagnostics, specific focus will be dedicated to new areas of applications, such as security and reverse engineering [2]. We will also discuss spectral analysis and other techniques that can be used to extract valuable information from the PICA dataset.
Special Section on Power Electronics-Enabled Smart Power Distribution Grid (2022)

Economic and environmental constraints, as well as technological advancements, are reshaping the traditional view of power distribution systems. In a future distribution grid, as the number of inverter- and converter-based devices increases to more than hundreds of thousands, it is rather intuitive that the current state-of-the-art technical solutions and industry practices will no longer be effective. While tremendous progress has been made in advancing smart grid solutions, not much attention has been paid to bridging the gap between two traditionally disjointed research areas—power systems (especially distribution systems) and power electronics—that will ultimately facilitate the vision of 100% penetration of power-electronics-based distributed energy resources coming to fruition. There is a growing interest in the concepts of power electronics-enabled power systems around the world. This Special Section invites a broad spectrum of contributors (e.g., academics, researchers, engineers, consultants, market regulators and system operators, key policymakers) to define and develop the interdisciplinary technical approaches collectively. Although there are many technical challenges associated with making this vision a reality, policy, economic, and workforce issues also play a significant role. This Special Section hence concentrates on discussing various relevant topics associated with how to accommodate extremely high levels of power-electronics-based distributed energy resources to promote economic efficiency; improve social welfare; reduce energy cost; support plug-and-play of distributed renewable energy; and improve the capability, adaptability, scalability, resiliency, safety, security, and usability that our electric power distribution infrastructure can provide. The articles are authored by a diverse group of experts from academics, industry, and national laboratories around the world ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Fig. 1</xref> ). The guest editorial board received 120+ abstract submissions and invited 65 of them for full-paper submissions. After two-round rigorous reviews, 23 papers have been accepted for final publication. It is worth noting that this Special Section places an emphasis on addressing the mutual research interests of academics and industry. Hence, interdisciplinary research and real-world-problem-driven research topics are of particular relevance to this Special Section. The guest editorial board and IEEE PES leadership made tremendous efforts to attract authors from the industry. All the papers have gone through the same review criteria. Approximately 35% of the accepted papers are led or co-led by industry experts.
Thirty Years of Translational Research Behind MED-EL (2021)

(2021). Thirty Years of Translational Research Behind MED-EL. Acta Oto-Laryngologica: Vol. 141, Thirty Years of Translational Research Behind MED-EL, pp. (i)-(cxcvi).
Physical-layer Visualization and Analysis toward Efficient Network Operation by Deep Neural Networks (2019)

We discuss an architectures of digital coherent receiver-based physical layer information visualization, which utilizes machine learning techniques such as neural networks to provide useful information to network operators for the better operational decision.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Helicobacter pylori CagA induces a transition from polarized to invasive phenotypes in MDCK cells. (2005)

CagA is a bacterial effector protein of Helicobacter pylori that is translocated via a type IV secretion system into gastric epithelial cells. We previously described that H. pylori require CagA to disrupt the organization and assembly of apical junctions in polarized epithelial cells. In this study, we provide evidence that CagA expression is not only sufficient to disrupt the apical junctions but also perturbs epithelial differentiation. CagA-expressing cells lose apicobasal polarity and cell-cell adhesion, extend migratory pseudopodia, and degrade basement membranes, acquiring an invasive phenotype. Expression of the CagA C-terminal domain, which contains the tyrosine phosphorylated EPIYA motifs, induces pseudopodial activity but is not sufficient to induce cell migration. Conversely, the N terminus targets CagA to the cell-cell junctions. Neither domain is sufficient to disrupt cell adhesion or cell polarity, but coexpressed in trans, the N terminus determines the localization of both polypeptides. We show that CagA induces a morphogenetic program in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells resembling an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. We propose that altered cell-cell and cell matrix interactions may serve as an early event in H. pylori-induced carcinogenesis. PMID: 16258069 Funding information This work was supported by: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DDC DK56339 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AI38459 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AI038459 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30 DK056339
Location Estimation with Reactive Routing in Resource Constrained Sensor\n Networks (2010)

Routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks can be broadly divided into\ntwo classes - proactive and reactive. Proactive routing is suitable for a\nnetwork with a fixed topology. On the other hand, reactive routing is more\nsuitable for a set of mobile nodes where routes are created on demand and there\nis not much time to evaluate the worthiness of a route, the prime concern being\nreachability due to constantly changing node positions. Sensor networks route\nevents of interest from source(s) to destination(s) where appropriate actions\ncould be taken. However, with mobile sensor nodes, it is not only important to\nknow the events but the location of the nodes generating the events. Most\nsensor nodes are not equipped with expensive GPS or accurate RSSI computation\nhardware to aid localization. Keeping these in view, we propose a modified\nreactive routing algorithm, with added support for localization, to localize\nmobile sensor nodes on the basis of information received from fixed sensor\nnodes during mutual exchange of routing control packets. The accuracy of\nlocalization depends on the ratio of the number of fixed nodes to the number of\nmobile nodes and the topology of the fixed nodes. A typical application\nscenario would be a mix of mobile nodes and fixed nodes, where fixed nodes know\ntheir absolute location and the location of mobile nodes is derived from the\nfixed nodes, in step with the reactive routing protocol in action. The modified\nalgorithm would be suitable for deployments where the approximate position of a\nmobile node (i.e. the event location) is required but there is no external\nsupport infrastructure available for localization.\n
Introducing the MC3 medium current 300 mm implanter (2003)

The MC3 is Eaton's and Sumitomo Eaton Nova's new medium-current 300 mm implanter designed to meet the demanding performance and Cost of Ownership (COO) requirements of 300 mm fabs. The MC3 design builds upon the production-proven performance of the Eaton 8250. In addition, complementary application space with Eaton's HE3 and ULE3 enables a minimum COO for all known implant conditions. The MC3 delivers beam currents from 2 to 3500 p/spl mu/A. The energy range is 3 to 750 keV. The modular design of the MC3 utilizes new design features to enhance serviceability and to reduce mean time to repair (MTTR). Extensive life cycle testing of modules in the development phase ensures a robust design. Furthermore, commonality on beamline design with the 8250 means excellent implanter process performance and beam purity, while control system commonality to other Eaton implanters greatly enhances ease of use.
Radiation Exposure From Pediatric CT Scans and Subsequent Cancer Risk in the Netherlands (2018)

We found evidence that CT-related radiation exposure increases brain tumor risk. No association was observed for leukemia. Compared with the general population, incidence of brain tumors was higher in the cohort of children with CT scans, requiring cautious interpretation of the findings.