gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Evaluation of Effect of Coracoid Tunnel Placement on Load to Failure of Fixation During Repair of Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations (2012)

Proper trajectory of the drill during formation of a coracoid bone tunnel can help reduce the risk of coracoid process fracture and repair failure.
Self-Assembled Layering of Magnetic Nanoparticles in a Ferrofluid on Silicon Surfaces (2018)

This article describes the three-dimensional self-assembly of monodisperse colloidal magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) from a dilute water-based ferrofluid onto a silicon surface and the dependence of the resultant magnetic structure on the applied field. The NPs assemble into close-packed layers on the surface followed by more loosely packed ones. The magnetic field-dependent magnetization of the individual NP layers depends on both the rotational freedom of the layer and the magnetization of the adjacent layers. For layers in which the NPs are more free to rotate, the easy axis of the NP can readily orient along the field direction. In more dense packing, free rotation of the NPs is hampered, and the NP ensembles likely build up quasi-domain states to minimize energy, which leads to lower magnetization in those layers. Detailed analysis of polarized neutron reflectometry data together with model calculations of the arrangement of the NPs within the layers and input from small-angle scattering measurements provide full characterization of the core/shell NP dimensions, degree of chaining, arrangement of the NPs within the different layers, and magnetization depth profile.
Model-Independent Study of Structure in B+→D+D−K+ Decays (2020)

The only anticipated resonant contributions to B^{+}→D^{+}D^{-}K^{+} decays are charmonium states in the D^{+}D^{-} channel. A model-independent analysis, using LHCb proton-proton collision data taken at center-of-mass energies of sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb^{-1}, is carried out to test this hypothesis. The description of the data assuming that resonances only manifest in decays to the D^{+}D^{-} pair is shown to be incomplete. This constitutes evidence for a new contribution to the decay, potentially one or more new charm-strange resonances in the D^{-}K^{+} channel with masses around 2.9 GeV/c^{2}.
CDCGM Track Report: Convergence of Distributed Clouds, Grids and Their Management (2012)

We restate the objective of the first workshop on Collaboration and Cloud Computing" in WETICE 2009; "to analyze current trends in Cloud Computing and identify longterm research themes and facilitate collaboration in future research in the field that will ultimately enable global advancements in the field that are not dictated or driven by the prototypical short term profit driven motives of a particular corporate entity." We are glad to report that the discussions started in 2009 have directly resulted in an alternative approach to self-managing distributed computing systems totally different from current industry trend showing a way to eliminate the complexity of virtual machines and Hyper visors. If this approach is proven to be theoretically sound (as a paper in this conference is investigating) and extend its usefulness (demonstrated through their feasibility in the form of two proofs of concepts in the last conference) to mission critical environments, the DIME network architecture may yet prove to be an important contribution to computer science. In addition to the two papers related to the DIME computing model, there are nine other long papers and three short papers selected out of twenty two submissions discussing various aspects of clouds, grids and their management.
Photonic funnels for sub-diffraction propagation and confinement of light (2021)

We present phonic funnels, a novel material platform, that enables a smooth optical link between the diffraction-limited and deep subwavelength areas. Photonic funnels comprise conical structures with hyperbolic cores that enable highly confined propagation of light and perfectly conducting walls that isolate the core of the funnel from the surroundings. We demonstrate realization of the funnels with semiconductor metamaterial platform, with minimum diameter of the opening of the order of 1/30-th of free space wavelength and characterize propagation of light through the funnels experimentally and theoretically. We also analyze funnel-induced modulation of emission.
HDL-Mimetic PLGA Nanoparticle To Target Atherosclerosis Plaque Macrophages (2015)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a natural nanoparticle that exhibits an intrinsic affinity for atherosclerotic plaque macrophages. Its natural targeting capability as well as the option to incorporate lipophilic payloads, e.g., imaging or therapeutic components, in both the hydrophobic core and the phospholipid corona make the HDL platform an attractive nanocarrier. To realize controlled release properties, we developed a hybrid polymer/HDL nanoparticle composed of a lipid/apolipoprotein coating that encapsulates a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core. This novel HDL-like nanoparticle (PLGA-HDL) displayed natural HDL characteristics, including preferential uptake by macrophages and a good cholesterol efflux capacity, combined with a typical PLGA nanoparticle slow release profile. In vivo studies carried out with an ApoE knockout mouse model of atherosclerosis showed clear accumulation of PLGA-HDL nanoparticles in atherosclerotic plaques, which colocalized with plaque macrophages. This biomimetic platform integrates the targeting capacity of HDL biomimetic nanoparticles with the characteristic versatility of PLGA-based nanocarriers.
Acute myocardial infarction during substitution with recombinant factor VIII concentrate in a patient with mild haemophilia A (2004)

Acute myocardial infarction during substitution with recombinant factor VIII concentrate in a patient with mild haemophilia A -
Guest Editorial: Special Section on the Fifth IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems (AMPS 2014) Aachen, Germany, September 24–26, 2014 (2015)

The fifth IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems (AMPS 2014), promoted by TC-39 of the Instrumentation and Measurement Society (Measurements in Power Systems), was hosted by E.ON Energy Research Center, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, on September 24–26, 2014.
Oligovalent Amyloid-Binding Agents Reduce SEVI-Mediated Enhancement of HIV-1 Infection (2011)

This paper evaluates the use of oligovalent amyloid-binding molecules as potential agents that can reduce the enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in cells by semen-derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI) fibrils. These naturally occurring amyloid fibrils found in semen have been implicated as mediators that can facilitate the attachment and internalization of HIV-1 virions to immune cells. Molecules that are capable of reducing the role of SEVI in HIV-1 infection may, therefore, represent a novel strategy to reduce the rate of sexual transmission of HIV-1 in humans. Here, we evaluated a set of synthetic, oligovalent derivatives of benzothiazole aniline (BTA, a known amyloid-binding molecule) for their capability to bind cooperatively to aggregated amyloid peptides and to neutralize the effects of SEVI in HIV-1 infection. We demonstrate that these BTA derivatives exhibit a general trend of increased binding to aggregated amyloids as a function of increasing valence number of the oligomer. Importantly, we find that oligomers of BTA show improved capability to reduce SEVI-mediated infection of HIV-1 in cells compared to a BTA monomer, with the pentamer exhibiting a 65-fold improvement in efficacy compared to a previously reported monomeric BTA derivative. These results, thus, support the use of amyloid-targeting molecules as potential supplements for microbicides to curb the spread of HIV-1 through sexual contact.
Synthesizing Data for Collusion-based Malpractice of Shell Companies in Money Laundering (2018)

Money laundering is the process of hiding true source of illegitimate money and converting it into legitimate income. Shell companies are dummy companies masquerading as real companies, used extensively in money laundering. They work in a group referred as shell company set or simply shell set. A shell set is a typical collusion-based modus operandi. There is lack of availability of public domain datasets that can be used to detect shell sets. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of generating data synthetically which encompasses concept of collusion. We introduce this concept in the context of business operations of the companies to obtain group transactions. We enhance an existing Banking Transaction Simulator to generate group banking transactions of companies. The simulator generates dataset suitable to work with problem of shell set detection. We have demonstrated how the generated dataset is unbiased and close to real life data.
Application of Gene Microarrays in the Study of Prostate Cancer (2003)

Gene macro- and microarrays have become an increasingly popular tool to investigate gene expression patterns by simultaneously analyzing the expression of thousands of genes in a single experiment. Through careful array design and appropriate analytical tools, one can relate gene expression patterns across large series of data to determine clusters of genes that are co-ordinately regulated as well as correlate patterns to particular disease states or experimental conditions. This approach has been applied to derive relationships between clinical parameters of certain cancers with gene profiles, which potentially may be used as prognostication tools or for identification of therapeutic targets. Although still in its infancy as a clinical laboratory tool, there are several recent reports that illustrate the power of gene microarrays for differential cancer diagnosis. For example, analysis of mRNA from diffuse large B-cell lymphomas using gene microarrays with approx 18,000 cDNA clones revealed two distinct gene expression patterns that were indicative of newly uncovered cancer subtypes and that were predictive of disease survival (1). Similarly, there is some preliminary evidence from gene microarray analyses to suggest that gene expression patterns in human breast cancers form two distinctive clusters that correlate with cell proliferation rates and activation of the interferon signal transduction pathway (2), although no direct clinical or pathological connections were noted.
Nickel-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Electron-Rich Heteroarenes (2017)

Key words C–H functionalization - trifluoromethylation - nickel catalysis - indoles - pyrroles - thiophenes
Genetic Association Meets RNA Interference: Large-Scale Genomic Screens for Causation and Mechanism of Complex Diseases (2007)

While the genomic era offers great promise for biomedicine in general and for biomarker discovery in particular, it has yet to significantly impact drug target discovery. Meanwhile, despite improvements over the past 20 years in reducing attrition in clinical trials due to adverse drug responses, the pharmaceutical industry continues to be beset by the high rate of attrition of compounds in late-stage development, primarily due to the lack of drug efficacy. Clearly, even highly potent drugs with ideal safety and pharmacokinetic profiles will fail to survive clinical trials if the drug target itself is not a key point of intervention for most patients. Genetic association studies and RNA interference are two scaleable genomic approaches that together can address the quality as well as quantity of candidate drug targets. Human genetic information has long been used to identify 'molecular bottlenecks' that can highlight the importance of a gene or pathway at the clinical level. The recent availability of the human HapMap and of high-throughput genotyping platforms now enables more systematic genetic screens for novel, clinically-relevant drug targets. In addition, RNA interference can help dissect the molecular role of a candidate drug target in preclinical model systems in vitro and in vivo. Wider applicability of RNA interference methods will closely follow continued progress on efficient delivery into appropriate cell models and target tissues.
Restitution Dynamics During Pacing and Arrhythmias in Isolated Pig Hearts (2004)

Our results indicate that the responses of APD and DI to sudden rate changes and during arrhythmias are not predicted by the SSP restitution relationship. Acute dynamics act to damp out the proarrhythmic oscillations predicted from the SSP restitution curve.
Autofocusing‐based phase correction (2018)

Purpose Phase artifacts due to B 0 inhomogeneity can severely degrade the quality of MR images. The artifacts are particularly prominent in long‐TE scans and usually appear as ghosting and blur. We propose a retrospective phase correction method based on autofocusing. The proposed method uses raw data acquired with standard imaging sequences, and does not rely on navigators or external measures of field inhomogeneity. Methods We formulate and solve the optimization problem, where we seek the latent phase offsets that are associated with an optimal value of the image quality measure that is evaluated in the spatial domain. As a quality measure we use entropy computed on spatial image gradients. We propose two types of objective function, both compatible with parallel imaging and accelerated image acquisition. Results We evaluate the method on both synthetic and real data. In real data case we evaluate the performance on a range of sequences and images acquired with different acceleration factors. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is capable of minimizing ghosting artifacts and that the quality of the output images is similar to navigator‐based reconstructions. Conclusion The presented technique can be alternative to or complement navigator‐based methods, and is able to improve images with severe phase artifacts from all standard imaging sequences. Magn Reson Med 80:958–968, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
An induction motor drive system performance enhancement using dynamically focused learning fuzzy controller (2002)

A Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), with a Dynamically Focussed Learning (DFL) algorithm is proposed, developed and implemented to improve the performance of an induction motor drive system. In standard direct fuzzy controller, utilization of the rule-base is mostly poor, especially when error input gets smaller and the control action is produced by only a few rules in the center of the rule-base. With such a small number of rules, the fuzzy controller performs inadequately because the resulting control surface can capture very approximate control actions. This poor utilization of the rule-base may degrade the controller performance. A possible solution to this problem may be to redesign the rule-base such that the rule base has move rules at the center. However, this solution limits the ability of the controller to a limited input range and specific inputs. Instead, a DFL fuzzy controller is proposed, which ensures that the fuzzy controller can utilize the entire rule base by auto-tuning algorithm. Computer simulation and experimental results on a 5 hp induction machine are presented to substantiate the proposed scheme.
A study of scaling and geometry effects on the forces between cuboidal and cylindrical magnets using analytical force solutions (2009)

The first term in equation (17) should have 2 in the denominator instead of a. The correct equation should read
Simulation of wave-energy converter with octagonal linear generator (2005)

To extract electrical energy from sea waves in a commercially and technologically acceptable manner, a number of issues have to be solved. Electricity generation by means of direct conversion of the oscillating gravitational potential energy of a floating buoy can be anticipated, provided a proper design of a generator could be made. This paper deals with the simulation of a novel design for a linear generator aimed for the extraction of energy from ocean waves. The ocean waves are modeled by 4-m-height sinusoidal waves with a characteristic period of 7 s. A wide range of the geometrical sizes, permanent magnets, stator winding, and spring forces acting on the buoy are possible. This paper presents simulations of octagonal three-phase linear generators in the 100-kW power range. The beneficial effects of a stator of octagonal shape are briefly investigated, but not studied in depth. The main emphases in the present study have been to decrease power fluctuations and suppress voltage harmonics. In conventional rotating machines, well-known measures are to use a fractional number of slots per pole and phase, and an additional method is to make the pole edges smoother. These methods are here simulated for the first time on a linear machine aimed for ocean wave-energy conversion and a substantial reduction in power fluctuations and voltage harmonics are predicted.
Phase Formation and Solidification Routes Near Mo-Mo<SUB>5</SUB>SiB<SUB>2</SUB> Eutectic Point in Mo-Si-B System (2010)

The phase formation behavior during solidification in the Mo-Si-B system was experimentally examined around the triple junction point (T) of the Mo solid solution (Moss), Mo5SiB2 (T2) and Mo2B primary phases in the Mo-Si-B liquidus projection suggested by Yang and Chang through thermodynamic calculations, and the solidification routes of the Mo-Si-B alloys were reconsidered based on the obtained results. Alloys of four different compositions around the T point were produced by arc-melting. The primary phases observed in these alloys were in excellent agreement with the liquidus projection proposed by Yang and Chang. The solidification routes were basically Moss (primary) → Moss + Mo2B → Moss + T2 eutectic → Moss + T2 + Mo3Si (A15), T2 (primary) → Moss + T2 eutectic → Moss + T2 + A15, or Mo2B (primary) → Moss + T2 eutectic → Moss + T2 + A15, depending on the composition. However, a quantitative EPMA analysis indicated the compositions of the Moss-T2 eutectic and Moss + T2 + A15 phases differed from the reported liquidus projection. This is due to the difficulties interpreting the unusual solidification routes in the Mo-Si-B system and their as-cast microstructures.
High-Level Antimicrobial Efficacy of Representative Mediterranean Natural Plant Extracts against Oral Microorganisms (2014)

Nature is an unexplored reservoir of novel phytopharmaceuticals. Since biofilm-related oral diseases often correlate with antibiotic resistance, plant-derived antimicrobial agents could enhance existing treatment options. Therefore, the rationale of the present report was to examine the antimicrobial impact of Mediterranean natural extracts on oral microorganisms. Five different extracts from Olea europaea, mastic gum, and Inula viscosa were tested against ten bacteria and one Candida albicans strain. The extraction protocols were conducted according to established experimental procedures. Two antimicrobial assays--the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay--were applied. The screened extracts were found to be active against each of the tested microorganisms. O. europaea presented MIC and MBC ranges of 0.07-10.00 mg mL(-1) and 0.60-10.00 mg mL(-1), respectively. The mean MBC values for mastic gum and I. viscosa were 0.07-10.00 mg mL(-1) and 0.15-10.00 mg mL(-1), respectively. Extracts were less effective against C. albicans and exerted bactericidal effects at a concentration range of 0.07-5.00 mg mL(-1) on strict anaerobic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Parvimonas micra). Ethyl acetate I. viscosa extract and total mastic extract showed considerable antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms and could therefore be considered as alternative natural anti-infectious agents.
Proportionally Fair Resource Allocation Considering Geometric Blockage Modeling for Improved Mobility Management in 5G (2022)

Line of Sight (LoS) blockages are a common occurrence in densely deployed cellular networks, as is the case with 5G. This leads to a significant deterioration in the signal quality on the user side. Modeling LoS blockages is crucial for simulations to obtain reliable results, but also challenging since LoS might appear and disappear occasionally because how often an LoS happens depends on the environment and the user speed. To capture LoS blockages in a realistic manner for a particular scenario in a given environment, we propose to model blockages geometrically by considering all static and mobile objects in the environment such as buildings, cars, busses and humans, including self-blockages from the user. This enables a better evaluation of the metrics of interest, such as handover rate. In dense network deployments, users make frequent handovers, which deteriorates their experience and reduces the network capacity. Also, operators should strive to provide fairness in resource allocation to all users as well as to guarantee a minimum Quality of Service (QoS). Thus, handover decisions should be considered jointly with resource allocation. To that end, in this paper, we formulate an optimization problem that provides proportional fair resource allocation, while simultaneously reducing the handover rate, and providing a minimum data rate for all users at all times. It is an integer non-linear program, which is NP-hard. We relax it to a linear problem, which allows us to find a near-optimal user-to-BS assignment and resource proportion for every user quickly. We compare the result from our optimal and relaxed approaches with other two benchmarks showing that it outperforms them considerably in terms of fairness, handover rate reduction and users' rate satisfaction. Moreover, our relaxed approach performs within above 90% of the optimum and reduces the handover rate up to 40%.
To cool, or too cool: Is reducing dialysate temperature the optimal approach to preventing intradialytic hypotension? (2017)

Abnormal decreases in blood pressure during hemodialysis are frequent in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients treated with hemodialysis, and thought to be largely due to an inadequate cardiovascular response to the rapid blood volume decline. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and cardiac instability during dialysis can increase risks for negative health consequences and is possibly preventable though several types of interventions. One intervention that holds promise for prevention of IDH in hemodialysis patients is to reduce the temperature of the dialysate to or below the patient's core temperature. A considerable number of randomized studies have demonstrated a short term benefit of using a cooler dialysate temperature for the prevention of IDH and improved cardiac stability. Despite this, a key observational study was not able to show long term improvements with lower dialysate temperatures utilized in routine clinical practice, albeit possibly confounded by indication. It appears that cooling the dialysate may be reasonable to consider on an individual basis for patients who suffer from persistent IDH if they can tolerate the adjustment and it is effective. However, careful assessment of the etiology of IDH should be performed when considering treatment options. In this review, we detail the current body of evidence on the effectiveness of using low dialysate temperatures for prevention of IDH in ESRD patients, and suggest areas where further research is needed.
ChemInform Abstract: MOLECULAR ORBITAL APPROACH TO PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSIGNMENTS OF EXCITED STATES, PHOROREACTIONS OF COORDINATED AZIDE (1975)

Abstract Am Beispiel der Azid‐Ammin‐Komplexe von Co(III), Rh(III) und Ir(III) kann gezeigt werden, daß die Kombination von Photochemie und einfacher MO‐Theorie möglicherweise eine generell brauchbare Methode der Zuordnung der angeregten Zustände von Übergangsmetallkomplexen darstellt.