gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The in vitro anti-denaturation effects induced by natural products and non-steroidal compounds in heat treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin is proposed as a screening assay for the detection of anti-inflammatory compounds, without the use of animals, in the early stages of the drug discovery process. (2008)

There are emerging ethical issues with regards to the use of animals in the early stages of drug discovery for anti-inflammatory and degenerative diseases from natural products using the activity-directed isolation pathways when many compounds (eg > 100) are present in the crude extract or fraction and are to be tested The above-mentioned is the main reason for proposing the use of the in vitro anti-denaturation (stabilization) effects of heat treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin (BSA) as an assay. Current methods used for detecting and isolating a wide range of anti-inflammatory compounds in the early stages of the drug discovery process utilize a large number of animals. When BSA is heated and is undergoing denaturation, it expresses antigens associated to Type III hypersensitive reaction and which are related to diseases such as serum sickness, glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Thus, the assay that is being proposed should be applicable to the discovery of drugs for treating the above mentioned diseases and others, once the compounds stabilize the denaturation process.
<title>Real-time smart optical SAR signal processor</title> (1997)

Optoelectronic SAR signal processing for real-time parallel adaptive on-board wide area surveillance and ATR applications is described. The signal processing architecture consists of a coarse ATR processor that performs early detection of small targets to select regions of interest in a large field of view, and a fine ATR processor for accurate classification of selected targets. Both coarse and fine ATR processors apply circular correlation-based algorithms implemented with optical joint transform correlators. Together with associative memory and genetic algorithm composite filtering, this discriminates among similar targets and rejects cluttered backgrounds.
Full NMR characterization of amino acid linker molecules on a micro-sized hydroxyapatite powder (2013)

Biocompatible inorganic carriers are suitable candidates for oral antigen delivery. Here, hydroxyapatite (HA) powder is considered for this application. In order to adsorb an antigen such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), a linker molecule has to be adsorbed on the surface first in order to increase the adsorption capacity of the HA powder.\nThis research focusses on the full characterization and quantification of lysine and arginine molecules as linker molecules on the HA surface using solution Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR is well suited as a method for the characterization of structure and intermolecular interactions in nanoparticle-ligand systems. [1] In particular, a NMR toolbox was developed featuring a number of techniques including transfer NOE and DOSY, that can provide a more fundamental understanding of the presence and nature of the interactions of ligands with the nanoparticle surface. So far, this toolbox was mostly applied in the context of nm sized colloidal semi-conductor quantumdots in organic solutions. The systems of interest here thus provided an opportunity to investigate the potential of the NMR toolbox to significantly larger, µm sized particles in aqueous solutions. Moreover, we found that HR-MAS, an NMR technique that so far was not used for this type of research, provides additional information on the system characteristics. \nWe show that insight in the interaction of the linker molecules with the HA surface can be gained including quantification of the ligand molecules that are found to be in fast exchange with the HA surface.
Trend and Outcome of Korean Patients Receiving Overseas Solid Organ Transplantation between 1999 and 2005 (2010)

The disparity between patients awaiting transplantation and available organs forced many patients to go overseas to receive a transplant. Few data concerning overseas transplantation in Korea are available and the Korea Society for Transplantation conducted a survey to evaluate the trend and outcome of overseas transplantation. The survey, conducted on June 2006, included 25 hospitals nationwide that followed up patients after receiving kidney transplant (KT) or liver transplant (LT) overseas. The number of KT increased from 6 in 2001 to 206 in 2005 and for LT from 1 to 261. The information about overseas transplant came mostly from other patients (57%). The mean cost for KT was $21,000 and for LT $47,000. Patients were admitted for 18.5 days for KT and 43.4 days for LT. Graft and patient survival was 96.8% and 96.5% for KT (median follow up 23.1 months). Complication occurred in 42.5% including surgical complication (5.3%), acute rejection (9.7%) and infection (21.5%). Patient survival for LT was 91.8% (median follow up 21.2 months). Complication occurred in 44.7% including 19.4% biliary complication. Overseas KT and LT increased rapidly from 2001 to 2005. Survival of patients and grafts was comparable to domestic organ transplantation, but had a high complication rate.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Bortezomib Treatment Sensitizes Oncolytic HSV-1–Treated Tumors to NK Cell Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Introduction (2012)

No AccessAdhesion and Adhesives TechnologyJun 2012IntroductionAlphonsus V. PociusAlphonsus V. Pociushttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446431775.001SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2012Pages: 1-15Print ISBN: 978-3-446-42748-8eISBN: 978-3-446-43177-5 Copyright & Permissions© 2012 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
LCL and CL compensations for wireless three phase bi-directional EV charging systems (2016)

Performance of inductively coupled electric vehicle (EV) charging systems is significantly affected by the misalignments between charging pads (coils). This paper investigates the use of inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) and capacitor-inductor (CL) compensations in wireless charging systems, based on inductive power transfer (IPT), to achieve high tolerance towards pad-misalignments. A three phase bi-directional inductive power transfer (BD-IPT) system is studied with both LCL and CL compensations, and a mathematical model is developed to investigate its performance under pad-misalignments. Theoretical results are presented in comparison with simulations, verifying the proposed concept and the accuracy of the developed model. Both theoretical and simulation results indicate that the adoption of combined compensations is a promising approach to achieve high tolerance for pad-misalignments during wireless charging.
Stress-Free Chromatography: IEC and HIC (2009)

Ion exchange chromatography (IEC) poses stresses on proteins in both binding and elution steps. Proteins often bind to the column with high affinity, resulting in concentration of the protein upon binding. Elution often requires high salt concentration, leading to high protein concentration with high salt concentration. Although hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) involves weak interaction, salting-out salts are used for binding. These conditions may cause protein aggregation. This short article describes an approach to reduce such aggregation in IEC and HIC. This was achieved by adding small amount of salt or arginine in the loading sample or elution solvent, resulting in elution of proteins with less aggregation or higher recovery.
A MMW Radar Indoor Mapping Method Based on Transfer Learning (2023)

A millimeter-wave radar indoor mapping method based on Transfer Learning to generate dense detection data as Lidar’s output is proposed in this paper. This method uses the NN model with CycleCAN architecture to learn the Lidar-like map pieces, to enhance the mmw radar mapping performance. With the ideal of Transfer Learning, the model is trained using simulated data generated by CARLA and deployed into physical system to improve the mmw radar mapping performance. Simulation and practice measurement experiments are carried out to prove the coefficients of this method, and the quantitative analysis is conducted to evaluate the mapping quality.
The ACAT2 expression of human leukocytes is responsible for the excretion of lipoproteins containing cholesteryl/steryl esters (2016)

Acyl-coenzymeA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is abundantly expressed in intestine and fetal liver of healthy human. Our previous studies have shown that in monocytic cells the low-level expression of human ACAT2 gene with specific CpG-hypomethylated promoter is regulated by the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) transcription factors. In this study, we further report that the ACAT2 gene expression is attributable to the C/EBPs in the human leukocytes and correlated with the excretion of fluorescent lipoproteins containing the ACAT2-catalyzed NBD22-steryl esters. Moreover, this lipoprotein excretion can be inhibited by the ACAT2 isoform-selective inhibitor pyripyropene A (PPPA) in a dose-dependent manner, and employed to determine the half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of PPPA. Significantly, it is found that the differentiation-inducing factor all-trans retinoic acid, but not the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, enhances this ACAT2-dependent lipoprotein excretion. These data demonstrate that the ACAT2 expression of human leukocytes is responsible for the excretion of lipoproteins containing cholesteryl/steryl esters (CE/SE), and suggest that the excretion of lipoproteins containing the ACAT2-catalyzed CS/SE may avoid cytotoxicity through decreasing the excess intracellular cholesterols/sterols (especially various oxysterols), which is essential for the action of the human leukocytes.
Zur Synthese von (S)‐α‐Methylserin enthaltenden Peptiden (1988)

Ohne Seitenketenschutzgrupe an der helixinduzierenden α‐Alkylaminosäure (S)‐α‐Methylserin kim man bei der Synthese einer Reihe von Dipeptiden mit dieser Aminosäure als C‐Ende aus. Darüber hinaus konnte (S)‐α‐Methylserin in das seitenkettengeschützte Derivat 1 überführt werden. magnified image
High-Affinity Binding of Monomeric but Not Oligomeric Amyloid-β to Ganglioside GM1 Containing Nanodiscs (2016)

The interaction of the amyloid-β protein (Aβ) with neuronal cell membranes plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease. Aβ undergoes structural changes upon binding to ganglioside GM1 containing membranes leading to altered molecular characteristics of the protein. The physiological role of the Aβ interaction with the ganglioside GM1 is still unclear. In order to further elucidate the molecular requirements of Aβ membrane binding, we tested different nanodiscs varying in their lipid composition, regarding the charge of the headgroups as well as ganglioside GM1 concentration. Nanodiscs are excellent model membrane systems for studying protein membrane interactions, and we show here their suitability to investigate the membrane interaction of Aβ. In particular, we set out to investigate whether the binding activity of GM1 to Aβ is specific for the assembly state of Aβ and compared the binding affinities of monomeric with oligomeric Aβ. Using fluorescence titration experiments, we demonstrate high-affinity binding of Aβ(1-40) to GM1 containing nanodiscs, with dissociation constants, K<sub>D</sub>, in the range from 25 to 41 nM, in a GM1 concentration-dependent manner. Biolayer interferometry experiments confirmed the high-affinity binding of monomeric Aβ(1-40) (K<sub>D</sub> of 24 nM to 49 nM) as well as of Aβ(1-42) (K<sub>D</sub> of 30 nM) to GM1 containing nanodiscs, and no binding to phospholipid containing nanodiscs. Interestingly, and in contrast to monomeric Aβ, neither oligomeric Aβ(1-40) nor oligomeric Aβ(1-42) binds to GM1 nanodiscs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a loss of function for monomeric Aβ upon aggregation.
Wild-type, but not mutant, human p53 proteins inhibit the replication activities of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen. (1990)

Murine p53 blocks many of the replication activities of simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (T antigen) in vitro. As murine cells do not replicate SV40 DNA, it was of interest to determine how p53 from permissive human cells functions. Recombinant baculoviruses encoding either the wild-type form of human p53 or a mutant p53 cloned from a human tumor cell line were constructed, and p53 proteins were purified from infected insect cells. Surprisingly, we found that wild-type human p53 was as inhibitory to the ability of T antigen to mediate replication of an SV40 origin-containing (ori DNA) plasmid in vitro as was murine p53. Wild-type human p53 also blocked the DNA unwinding activity of T antigen, as did its murine counterpart. In contrast to murine and wild-type human p53, the mutant human p53 did not block ori DNA replication or DNA unwinding. Murine p53 formed a complex with mutant human p53 in vivo. Furthermore, mutant human p53 reduced the inhibition of SV40 ori DNA replication by murine p53 in vitro. These results provide a model for the way in which mutant p53 proteins can affect normal functions of p53.
Seeded Femtosecond Supercontinua in Various Media (2011)

We investigate enhancement of femtosecond supercontinua (SC) in various nonlinear media including solvents by seeding the SC with nanojoule to microjoule visible pulses. Increasing enhancement for decreasing nonlinear refraction is observed.
A Probabilistic Approach to Identifying the Number of Transmitters in the Presence of Misdetection (2010)

We present an analytical framework for identifying the most likely number of frequency-hopping transmitters in the presence of potential misdetection. The problem is formulated for the case where there is a single, global misdetection probability characterizing all transmitter/sensor links, and for the case where the misdetection probabilities are permitted to be different across the different pairwise transmitter/sensor links. Simulation results confirm that the approach can lead with high probability to a correct decision regarding the number of interferers.
Comparison of manual and semiautomated techniques for analyzing gastric volumes with MRI in humans (2014)

Gastric emptying, accommodation, and motility can be quantified with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The first step in image analysis entails segmenting the stomach from surrounding structures, usually by a time-consuming manual process. We have developed a semiautomated process to segment and measure gastric volumes with MRI. Gastric images were acquired with a three-dimensional gradient echo MRI sequence at 5, 10, 20, and 30 min after ingestion of a liquid nutrient (Ensure, 296 ml) labeled with gadolinium in 20 healthy volunteers and 29 patients with dyspeptic symptoms. The agreement between gastric volumes measured by manual segmentation and our new semiautomated algorithm was assessed with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and the Bland Altman test. At 5 min after a meal, food volumes measured by manual (352 ± 4 ml) and semiautomated (346 ± 4 ml) techniques were correlated {CCC[95% confidence interval (CI)] 0.70 (0.52, 0.81)}; air volumes measured by manual (88 ± 6 ml) and semiautomated (84 ± 6 ml) techniques were also correlated [CCC (95% CI) 0.89 (0.82, 0.94)]. Findings were similar at subsequent time points. The Bland Altman test was not significant. The time required for semiautomated segmentation ranged from an average of 204 s for the 5-min images to 233 s for the 20-min images. These times were appreciably smaller than the typical times of many tens of minutes, even hours, required for manual segmentation. To conclude, a semiautomated process can measure gastric food and air volume using MRI with comparable accuracy and far better efficiency than a manual process.
Excretory/Secretory Proteome of Females and Males of the Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum (2023)

The dynamic host-parasite mechanisms underlying hookworm infection establishment and maintenance in mammalian hosts remain poorly understood but are primarily mediated by hookworm's excretory/secretory products (ESPs), which have a wide spectrum of biological functions. We used ultra-high performance mass spectrometry to comprehensively profile and compare female and male ESPs from the zoonotic human hookworm <i>Ancylostoma ceylanicum</i>, which is a natural parasite of dogs, cats, and humans. We improved the genome annotation, decreasing the number of protein-coding genes by 49% while improving completeness from 92 to 96%. Compared to the previous genome annotation, we detected 11% and 10% more spectra in female and male ESPs, respectively, using this improved version, identifying a total of 795 ESPs (70% in both sexes, with the remaining sex-specific). Using functional databases (KEGG, GO and Interpro), common and sex-specific enriched functions were identified. Comparisons with the exclusively human-infective hookworm <i>Necator americanus</i> identified species-specific and conserved ESPs. This is the first study identifying ESPs from female and male <i>A. ceylanicum</i>. The findings provide a deeper understanding of hookworm protein functions that assure long-term host survival and facilitate future engineering of transgenic hookworms and analysis of regulatory elements mediating the high-level expression of ESPs. Furthermore, the findings expand the list of potential vaccine and diagnostic targets and identify biologics that can be explored for anti-inflammatory potential.
Distributed fibre-optic temperature sensors: technology and applications in the power industry (1995)

The author describes how power system applications of fibre-optic distributed temperature sensors are rapidly maturing and are already providing solutions to industrial users in a number of fields, including the monitoring of power cables.
Efficient Hydride and Pyrazolyl Redistribution upon Thermolysis of a Calcium Complex Containing Dihydrobis(pyrazolyl)borate Ligands (2011)

Thermolysis of CaBp(2)(THF)(2) (THF = tetrahydrofuran) at 190-200 °C and 0.05 Torr leads to a redistribution reaction to afford CaTp(2) (90%) and CaTp(BH(4)) (84%). Treatment of CaTp(BH(4)) with THF affords CaTp(BH(4))(THF)(2) and [CaTp(BH(4))(THF)](4), both of which were structurally characterized. Methanolysis or ethanolysis/hydrolysis of the BH(4)(-)-containing complexes affords [TpCa(HOMe)(2)(μ(4)-B(OMe)(4))Ca(HOMe)(2)Tp][B(OMe)(4)] and [{TpCa}(3){μ(6)-B(OB(OEt)(3))(3)]·EtOH.
Highly efficient 90μm core rod fiber amplifier delivering >300W without beam instabilities (2013)

Ultrafast ps and fs laser systems using ROD fiber amplifiers delivering megawatts of peak power and several hundreds of watts in average power have attracted significant academic and industrial interest in recent years. However, the power scaling has reached a temporary limit caused by thermal effects, which has set a limit of average power scaling of these amplifiers due to so called modal instabilities (MIs) [1]. New types of fiber designs with very large cores have been suggested to increase the average power limit [2, 3]. One way of achieving this, is using resonant structures [3], however it is often speculated that these structures are sensitive to temperature causing unstable beam quality under high thermal load (high power extraction pr unit length).
Diverse Critical Interaction Generation for Planning and Planner Evaluation (2021)

Generating diverse and comprehensive interacting agents to evaluate the decision-making modules is essential for the safe and robust planning of autonomous vehicles (AV). Due to efficiency and safety concerns, most researchers choose to train interactive adversary (competitive or weakly competitive) agents in simulators and generate test cases to interact with evaluated AVs. However, most existing methods fail to provide both natural and critical interaction behaviors in various traffic scenarios. To tackle this problem, we propose a styled generative model RouteGAN that generates diverse interactions by controlling the vehicles separately with desired styles. By altering its style coefficients, the model can generate trajectories with different safety levels serve as an online planner. Experiments show that our model can generate diverse interactions in various scenarios. We evaluate different planners with our model by testing their collision rate in interaction with RouteGAN planners of multiple critical levels.
P4–432: Amyloid inhibition via Abeta42 monomerization using semi–random peptides libraries (2006)

The amyloid cascade hypothesis is currently the most accepted theory explaining the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major component of AD associated amyloid plaques is the 39– to 42– residue – long Abeta Peptide. The spontaneous aggregation of Abeta into soluble oligomers or amyloid fibrils leads to neuronal loss and dementia. Here we propose a novel hypothesis–driven approach to amyloid inhibition in which the monomeric form of Abeta42 is targeted. The strategy involves conversion of aggregation– prone Abbeta42 into a state that is well folded and resembles natively folded natural protein using amphipathic helix. By converting Abeta42 into a soluble native monomeric protein, aggregation will be prevented, thereby facilitating clearance. Use an amphipathic helix as a template for inducing monomeric folding of Abeta. We will employ a rationally designed semi random library of amphipathic helices to identify optimal sequences that will monomerize Abeta42. The following screening library was genetically constructed by using PCR methods. Amphipathic helix – linker – Abeta42 – linker– YFP. The amphipathic helical segment will consist of a library of degenerate oligonucleotides. When the constructs were expressed in E.coli, bacterial colonies that show typical YFP fluorescence should contain an amphipathic helical segment that reduces the aggregation of Abeta42, thereby permitting proper YFP folding. YFP and Abeta42–YFP were expressed alternatively as a positive and negative control. The selected colonies were sub–cloned without YFP and expressed in E.coli. Subsequently, the solubility and secondary structure of the protein purified from E.coli were tested using biochemical and biophysical methods, such as ThT, dynamic light scattering, analytical ultra centrifugation and circular dichroism. Theoretically, there are 250,000 possible members of the amphipathic helix library. All of the members have been screened and the DNA sequences of twenty colonies that have been selected were determined. Some of them show a higher solubility and less toxic property in cell. Amphipathic helices were designed to stabilize the monomeric structure of Abeta42. Several promising candidates have been detected and are being analyzed.