gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Flow in Wheat at the Field Scale (2004)

In wheat ( Triticum L.), large‐scale field studies were conducted to assess the level of intra‐ and interspecific pollen‐mediated gene movement that may exist at varying distances from a pollinator source. The objectives of this research were to measure gene flow rates from a blue‐grained pollinator ( T. aestivum cv. Purendo‐38) to (i) red‐grained spring wheat cv. CDC Teal ( T. aestivum ) over distances of 0.2 to 160 m, (ii) amber durum wheat cv. AC Navigator ( T. turgidum L.) over distances of 0.2 to 260 m, and (iii) CDC Teal and AC Navigator over distances of 180 to 2760 m. In 2000 and 2001, 50‐ by 50‐m blue‐grained pollinator blocks were sown and surrounded by recipient fields of either CDC Teal or AC Navigator at Saskatoon, SK. At maturity, 0.5‐ by 4‐m strips were harvested at specified distances between 0.2 and 160 m or 260 m along eight transects (N, E, S, W, NE, SE, SW, NW) radiating out from Purendo‐38. In addition, random sampling was conducted in 2000 and 2001 from surrounding wheat fields to estimate gene flow rates over distances of 180 to 2760 m. Gene flow from Purendo‐38 to recipient plants was identified by the expression of a light‐blue pigment in the aleurone layer of F 1 hybrid seed. Confirmed intra‐ and interspecific pollen‐mediated gene flow rates remained below 0.5% and declined rapidly with distance from the pollinator. Elevated gene flow rates to the N, W, and NW of the pollinator were associated with prevalent winds in 2000, but not in 2001. In 2000, long distance intraspecific gene flow was confirmed at a frequency of 0.005% at a position 300 m northwest of the pollinator. No evidence of interspecific gene flow was observed at ≥40 m from the pollinator. The results suggest that gene flow occurrence in spring wheat is relatively low but that a tolerance level of 0% transgenic wheat in nontransgenic wheat grain is unrealistic.
A Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled Crossover Trial of Sodium Nitrate in Patients With Stable Angina INAS (2016)

In an aging western population, a significant number of patients continue to suffer from angina once all revascularization and optimal medical treatment options are exhausted. Under experimental conditions, oral supplementation with inorganic nitrate was shown to exhibit a blood pressure-lowering effect, and has also been shown to promote angiogenesis, improve endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial efficiency in skeletal muscle. It is unknown whether similar changes occur in cardiac muscle. In the current study, we investigate whether oral sodium nitrate treatment will improve myocardial ischemia in patients with stable angina.
Supplementary Table 7 from Pacritinib Combined with Sirolimus and Low-Dose Tacrolimus for GVHD Prevention after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Preclinical and Phase I Trial Results (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The table shows maximum acute GVHD organ stage and overall grade observed through day +100 after transplant on the PAC/SIR/TAC phase I trial.&lt;/p&gt;
Reparameterization invariant metric on the space of curves (2015)

This paper focuses on the study of open curves in a manifold M, and proposes a reparameterization invariant metric on the space of such paths. We use the square root velocity function (SRVF) introduced by Srivastava et al. in [11] to define a reparameterization invariant metric on the space of immersions M' = Imm([0,1], M) by pullback of a metric on the tangent bundle TM' derived from the Sasaki metric. We observe that such a natural choice of Riemannian metric on TM' induces a first-order Sobolev metric on M' with an extra term involving the origins, and leads to a distance which takes into account the distance between the origins and the distance between the SRV representations of the curves. The geodesic equations for this metric are given, as well as an idea of how to compute the exponential map for observed trajectories in applications. This provides a generalized theoretical SRV framework for curves lying in a general manifold M .
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCYCLOADDITION OF DIMETHYL ACETYLENEDICARBOXYLATE TO ACTIVATED INDOLES (1980)

Abstract Aus Phenylhydrazin (I) und Cycloalkanonen (II) entstehen über die Hydrazone (III) nach Fischer die 2,3‐Polymethylen‐indole (IV), die zu (Vc) und (Vd) methyliert werden.
Differences in transductional tropism of adenoviral and lentiviral vectors in the rat brainstem (2004)

Adenoviral vectors (AVVs) and lentiviral vectors (LVVs) are highly useful research tools which can be used to investigate the function of specific cell phenotypes in the brain. The transductional tropism of viral vectors has a critical impact upon the transgene expression in different brain areas. This largely depends on the properties of the viral particles, which for AVVs are most commonly analogous to the serotype 5 adenovirus and, in the case of LVVs, are determined by the envelope used for pseudotyping, for example the vesicular stomatitis virus coat (VSVG). We have created a matching set of shuttle plasmids that allow a one-step transfer of an entire expression cassette between the backbones of AVVs and LVVs. This has permitted a fair assessment of the impact of the vector type on tropism for both AVVs and LVVs. Thus, the aims of this study were twofold: (i) to develop and demonstrate the validity of a transgene 'swap' system between AVVs and LVVs; and (ii) using this system, to assess the tropism of AVVs and LVVs for neuronal versus glial cell types. We have constructed AVVs and VSVG-coated LVVs to express monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP) driven by the human cytomegalovirus promoter (hCMV). Transgene expression in neurones and glia in the hypoglossal and dorsal vagal motor nuclei of the rat brainstem was compared by determining the colocalization with immunostaining for the neuronal marker NeuN (neuronal nuclear antigen) and the glial marker GFAP (glial fibrillatory acidic protein). We found that 55% of mRFP-expressing cells transduced with AVVs were immunopositive for GFAP, while only 38% were NeuN-immunoreactive. In contrast, when the same expression cassette was delivered by VSVG-coated LVVs, the neurone/glia ratio of mRFP expression was reversed with 56% of mRFP-positive cells identified as neurones and 26% as glia. Thus, the present study provides compelling evidence that VSVG-coated LVVs significantly shift transgene expression towards neurones while transduction with AVVs favours glia.
Faster protein and ribosome synthesis in hypertrophying heart. (1985)

Faster rates of protein synthesis in hypertrophying rat heart were associated with a 25% greater content of ribosomal RNA, termed capacity for protein synthesis. Efficiency of synthesis, nmol phenylalanine/mg RNA X h, was unchanged in hypertrophy induced by aortic banding or thyrotoxicosis. The proportion of total RNA in free ribosomal subunits in hypertrophying hearts was unchanged from that observed in perfused hearts from control rats and from unperfused normal hearts. Accelerated synthesis of new ribosomes was observed within 8 h of the injection of a pharmacologic dose of thyroxine, well before an increase in whole heart protein synthesis was observed. These results indicated that increased protein synthetic machinery, as monitored by content of ribosomes, rather than more efficient initiation or elongation of peptide chains, accounted for the faster rate of protein synthesis and that accelerated ribosome formation was an early and quantitatively important factor in hypertrophy.
Dropout and re-enrollment (2014)

This analysis provides a sense of the magnitude of uncertainty in program cost and impact that policy-makers could anticipate in the face of uncertain future programmatic changes. Our findings suggest that increasing re-initiation is the most cost-effective means of initial program improvement, especially in the short term, but that improvements in retention are necessary in order to reap the full transmission-blocking benefits of a test-and-treat program in the long term.
Fir-tree patterns elastic distortions and application to X-ray topography (1976)

Abstract Observations by means of the Bitter colloid and the Lang techniques of fir-tree patterns (closure domains attached to 180° walls) are described. Three types of closure domains may be distinguished according to their elastic behaviour in the vicinity of the 180° wall: half-chevrons (one branch), asymmetrical chevrons (two branches of unequal lengths), symmetrical chevrons (two branches of equal lengths). However, the contrast observed on Lang topographs along the intersections of the branches with the surface is identical for all types. Branches are limited inside the sample by a curved coherent but strained boundary. The decomposition of this boundary into plane wall segments shows that the elastic stresses due to it may be described as the sum of the stresses due to a succession of twist quasi-disclinations (rotation dislocations with Frank vector perpendicular to the line). Surface relaxation is taken into account. Qualitative conclusions, in fair agreement with the experiment, concerning the contrast, on X-ray topographs, of branch boundaries are deduced from this decomposition.
Corneal Antifibrotic Switch Identified in Genetic and Pharmacological Deficiency of Vimentin (2011)

The type III intermediate filaments (IFs) are essential cytoskeletal elements of mechanosignal transduction and serve critical roles in tissue repair. Mice genetically deficient for the IF protein vimentin (Vim(-/-)) have impaired wound healing from deficits in myofibroblast development. We report a surprising finding made in Vim(-/-) mice that corneas are protected from fibrosis and instead promote regenerative healing after traumatic alkali injury. This reparative phenotype in Vim(-/-) corneas is strikingly recapitulated by the pharmacological agent withaferin A (WFA), a small molecule that binds to vimentin and down-regulates its injury-induced expression. Attenuation of corneal fibrosis by WFA is mediated by down-regulation of ubiquitin-conjugating E3 ligase Skp2 and up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1). In cell culture models, WFA exerts G(2)/M cell cycle arrest in a p27(Kip1)- and Skp2-dependent manner. Finally, by developing a highly sensitive imaging method to measure corneal opacity, we identify a novel role for desmin overexpression in corneal haze. We demonstrate that desmin down-regulation by WFA via targeting the conserved WFA-ligand binding site shared among type III IFs promotes further improvement of corneal transparency without affecting cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor levels in Vim(-/-) mice. This dissociates a direct role for desmin in corneal cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings illuminate a previously unappreciated pathogenic role for type III IF overexpression in corneal fibrotic conditions and also validate WFA as a powerful drug lead toward anti-fibrosis therapeutic development.
Energy-efficient distributed wearable physiological monitoring: framework and implementations (2013)

Recent technological advances in sensors, wireless networking, mobile and cloud computing promise to fundamentally change the way health care services are delivered and used. The development and proliferation of the wearable physiological monitors enable a shift in healthcare services from centralized hospitals and medical centers to individuals and their homes. Continuous wearable health monitoring has the potential to engage users, improve wellness management, prevent disease by early detection, and assist rehabilitation and treatments.
This dissertation presents a general framework and a practical implementation of computing infrastructure (both hardware and software aspects) to support mobile health and wellness monitoring applications as well as services to support further research in the area of wearable health monitoring. Specifically, we focus on a multi-tiered organization of the mHealth infrastructure that includes wearable sensor nodes at Tier 1, personal applications running on mobile computing platforms at Tier 2, and servers and services at Tier 3. We consider several important aspects of the mHealth systems including time-synchronization to support simultaneous distributed real-time monitoring and techniques for quantifying and improving energy-efficiency. These aspects are discussed on each tier of our infrastructure. Finally, the dissertation makes the case and introduces several original mHealth applications that are fully implemented and tested. These include monitoring and capturing dynamic heart response to posture transitions, quantification of timed-up-and-go tests, monitoring of physical activity of wheelchair users, and monitoring of occupational stress of nurses.
Assessment of the clinical utility of pharmacogenetic guidance in a comprehensive medication management service (2020)

The study confirmed the critical role to be played by pharmacists in facilitating the clinical usage of relevant genetic information to optimize drug therapy decisions as well as their involvement on many levels of these multidisciplinary implementation efforts, including championing and leading PGx-guided CMM services.
Extracting associations and meanings of objects depicted in artworks through bi-modal deep networks (2022)

We present a novel bi-modal system based on deep networks to address the problem of learning associations and simple meanings of objects depicted in "authored" images, such as fine art paintings and drawings. Our overall system processes both the images and associated texts in order to learn associations between images of individual objects, their identities and the abstract meanings they signify. Unlike past deep nets that describe depicted objects and infer predicates, our system identifies meaning-bearing objects ("signifiers") and their associations ("signifieds") as well as basic overall meanings for target artworks. Our system had precision of 48% and recall of 78% with an F1 metric of 0.6 on a curated set of Dutch vanitas paintings, a genre celebrated for its concentration on conveying a meaning of great import at the time of their execution. We developed and tested our system on fine art paintings but our general methods can be applied to other authored images.
Generating ekpyrotic curvature perturbations before the big bang (2007)

We analyze a general mechanism for producing a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of cosmological curvature perturbations during a contracting phase preceding a big bang, which can be entirely described using 4D effective field theory. The mechanism, based on first producing entropic perturbations and then converting them to curvature perturbations, can be naturally incorporated in cyclic and ekpyrotic models in which the big bang is modeled as a brane collision, as well as other types of cosmological models with a pre-big bang phase. We show that the correct perturbation amplitude can be obtained and that the spectral tilt ${n}_{s}$ tends to range from slightly blue to red, with $0.97&lt;{n}_{s}&lt;1.02$ for the simplest models, a range compatible with current observations but shifted by a few percent towards the blue compared to the prediction of the simplest, large-field inflationary models.
Reversed Phase, Poly(oxyethylene)-Based Composite Electrolytes: A New Alternative for Classical Systems (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Room-Temperature Stable Generation of 19 Watts of Single-Frequency 532-nm Radiation in a Periodically Poled Lithium Tantalate Crystal (2008)

We report on a system that produces 19 W of diffraction-limited radiation at 532 nm through single-pass frequency doubling of the output of a 1064 nm Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> -doped fiber MOPA in a periodically poled near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate (PPSLT) crystal. The output of the system was stable at the 19 W level for over one hour with no signs of photorefraction. The green power is believed to be limited by infrared-induced thermal dephasing in the PPSLT crystal.
A Bifunctional Metal/Acid Catalyst for One-pot Multistep Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals (2020)

One inhibitor of the fatty acid transporter FATP4 was synthesized in a three steps one-pot process in the presence of a bifunctional metal/acid catalyst. This molecule which has potential interest for the treatment of the obesity in orlistat (Xenical TM) analogue-based therapies has a 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (DHPM) scaffold and was obtained by means of a three one-pot process through successive oxidation, cyclocondensation and transesterification reactions. The one-pot strategy was extended to the synthesis of a series of related ester DHPM derivatives.
Rock removal by laser: data analysis to identify trends and controlling factors (2004)

With interest growing in the earth engineering industries for practical laser applications, research in using lasers for rock destruction progresses every year. This research yields tremendous amounts of data that must be properly documented and analyzed. However, with nearly 20 laser parameters and rock properties to consider, the analysis requires powerful analytical tools as well as proper selection of influential parameters. In an effort to understand laser-rock interaction, this paper presents analysis of several years of data and yields new understanding of the results. Attempts are made to reduce the number of variables used in experiments by performing data analysis with commercial statistical software tools. By using these tools, trends and correlations of variables identified the significant variables that control rock removal by laser. The significant variables that govern the success of rock removal are: the time the rock is exposed to the laser energy and the laser power settings. Furture experiments will be tailored to optimize these variables. Likewise, the variables such as bulk density, which introduce little or no error in resulting calculations, can be eliminated from consideration and can save valuable testing time. From the analyses performed we found that rock density can be ignored in mineralogically simple rock, although further tests must be done on complex rocks in order substantiate its omission in such cases. The observations presented in the paper should aid in developing future rock destruction experiments.
Robust Neural Network-Based Spectrum Occupancy Mapping (2021)

We present a neural network decision system for determining if spectrum is occupied in a region. Given a threshold, we wish to determine if power at a given frequency exceeds the threshold, thus determining if that frequency is “occupied”. The emitting sources are unknown in number, locations, and powers. The sensors, which measure the signal power, are random in number and location. The measurements are aggregated as log-likelihood ratios into a fixed-resolution image suitable as input to a neural network. The network is trained to produce an occupancy map over a wide area, even where there are no sensors, and achieves excellent accuracy at determining occupancy. The system is robust to the number of sensors, and occupancy threshold in a variety of environments.
Silk-Based Materials for Hard Tissue Engineering (2021)

Hard tissues, e.g., bone, are mechanically stiff and, most typically, mineralized. To design scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration, mechanical, physico-chemical and biological cues must align with those found in the natural tissue. Combining these aspects poses challenges for material and construct design. Silk-based materials are promising for bone tissue regeneration as they fulfill several of such necessary requirements, and they are non-toxic and biodegradable. They can be processed into a variety of morphologies such as hydrogels, particles and fibers and can be mineralized. Therefore, silk-based materials are versatile candidates for biomedical applications in the field of hard tissue engineering. This review summarizes silk-based approaches for mineralized tissue replacements, and how to find the balance between sufficient material stiffness upon mineralization and cell survival upon attachment as well as nutrient supply.
An Integrated Fuel Processor For PEM Fuel Cells (1996)

David J. Edlund (nps@northwestpower.com; 541-383-3390) William A. Pledger (nps@northwestpower.com; 541-383-3390) Northwest Power Systems, LLC 20340 Empire Ave. Suite E9 Bend, OR 97701-5711 Funding provided by: Electric Power Research Institute, John B. O’Sullivan, P.O. Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA, 94303-0813, (415)855-2292, johsulli@eprinet.epri.com Bonneville Power Administration, Mark Jackson, P.O. Box 3621, Portland, OR, 972083621, (503)230-5475
The Role of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: Current Evidence and Future Directions (2015)

The use of stem cell therapies for the treatment of orthopaedic injuries continues to advance. The purpose of this review was to provide an update of the current role and future directions of stem cell strategies in sports medicine. The application of cell-based treatments in the sports medicine arena has expanded in recent years. Promising preclinical results have led to translation of these novel therapies into the clinical setting. Early well-designed comparative clinical studies have also shown positive outcomes. Despite significant advances in this arena, there remains a need for additional high-powered and well-designed clinical trials to confirm the safety and efficacy of treatment.
Severe Plastic Deformation under High Pressure for Production of Superplastic Materials (2016)

Grain refinement is an important prerequisite for advent of superplasticity. In particular, as the grain size is smaller, the superplasticity appears at higher strain rates and lower temperatures. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a useful process for achieving significant grain refinement. This presentation shows that applicability of the SPD process is enhanced when it is operated under high pressure through high-pressure torsion (HPT) and high-pressure sliding (HPS). It is demonstrated that commercially available conventional alloys but less ductile alloys such as Mg alloys, age-hardenable high-strength Al alloys (A2024, A7075) and Ti alloys become superplastic after processing by HPT or HPS.
Supplementary Figure S2 from The PSMA-targeting Half-life Extended BiTE Therapy AMG 160 has Potent Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Enzalutamide increases PSMA expression levels and may enhance AMG 160-dependent cytotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
Effective hydrogen generation and resource circulation based on sulfur cycle system (2013)

For the effective hydrogen generation from H2S, it should be compatible that the increscent of the photocatalytic (or electrochemical) activities and the development of effective utilization method of by-products (poly sulfide ion). In this study, “system integration” to construct the sulfur cycle system, which is compatible with the increscent of the hydrogen and or electron energy generation ratio and resource circulation, is investigated. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation rate can be enhanced by using stratified photocatalysts. Photo excited electron can be transpired to electrode to convert the electron energy to hydrogen energy. Poly sulfide ion as the by-products can be transferred into elemental sulfur and/or industrial materials such as rubber. Moreover, elemental sulfur can be transferred into H2S which is the original materials for hydrogen generation. By using this “system integration”, the sulfur cycle system for the new energy generation can be constructed.
JacquardToolkit (2019)

JacquardTooIkit enables full access to the Levi's Jacquard Jacket and the ability to create gestures such as our new "Force Touch" gesture. We conduct a 25 participant user study testing all available gestures for accuracy and intuitiveness. "Brush In" and "Brush Out" are rated highly intuitive and have high recognition accuracy.