gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PEG‐fibrinogen hydrogels for three‐dimensional breast cancer cell culture (2016)

Tissue-engineered three-dimensional (3D) cancer models employing biomimetic hydrogels as cellular scaffolds provide contextual in vitro recapitulation of the native tumor microenvironment, thereby improving their relevance for use in cancer research. This study reports the use of poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen (PF) as a suitable biosynthetic hydrogel for the 3D culture of three breast cancer cell lines: MCF7, SK-BR-3, and MDA-MB-231. Modification of the matrix characteristics of PF hydrogels was achieved by addition of excess poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, which resulted in differences in Young's moduli, degradation behavior, release kinetics, and ultrastructural variations in scaffold microarchitecture. Cancer cells were maintained in 3D culture with high viability within these hydrogels and resulted in cell-type dependent morphological changes over time. Cell proliferation and 3D morphology within the hydrogels were visualized through immunofluorescence staining. Finally, spatial heterogeneity of colony area within the hydrogels was quantified, with peripheral cells forming colonies of higher area compared to those in the interior regions. Overall, PF-based hydrogels facilitate 3D culture of breast cancer cells and investigation of cellular behavior in response to varying matrix characteristics. PF-based cancer models could be potentially used in future investigations of cancer biology and in anti-cancer drug-testing applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 236-252, 2017.
Vaccines: Alternatives to Antimicrobials to Control Diseases of Cattle (2004)

Vaccination was introduced over 200 years ago in Western society by Jenner, who demonstrated that exposure to a pathogen resulted in protection against subsequent exposure and disease. Immunization has since proven to be the single-most effective means of preventing infectious diseases in both humans and animals, yet the true potential of the
Lipoic Acid for Neuroprotection in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (P1.373) (2016)

OBJECTIVE: To determine if Lipoic acid (LA) is neuroprotective, reduces disability, improves quality of life, and is safe in a secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) population. BACKGROUND: LA is an inexpensive and readily-available oral antioxidant supplement. LA decreases inflammation and reduces optic nerve and spinal cord atrophy in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). LA reaches therapeutic blood levels and is tolerated at high doses in people with MS. LA may exert its effects by reducing microglial activation. DESIGN/METHODS: We conducted a 2 year, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 1200mg daily LA versus placebo. The last subject exited August, 2015. Primary outcome was reduction in MRI whole brain atrophy. Secondary outcomes included atrophy of brain substructures, spinal cord atrophy, retinal and macular atrophy, changes in neurological exam, walking, cognition, fatigue, and quality of life. Pharmacokinetic labs were drawn at baseline and month 12. Adverse events and safety laboratory measures were monitored. RESULTS: Of the 54 randomized subjects, 51 subjects took at least 1 dose of study drug and were included in analysis. Average age was 58.5±5.9 (40-69) years, 61[percnt] were female, and 96[percnt] Caucasian. Average disease duration was 29.6±9.5 (9-51) years and median EDSS 6.0 (3.0-9.0). Four (7.8[percnt]) subjects terminated early (1 each of glomerulonephritis, testicular cancer, renal failure, MRI intolerance). Common adverse event categories were injuries (40), infections (40), and gastrointestinal disorders (21). Compliance, measured by pill counts, was > 90[percnt] in 93[percnt] of subjects and >80[percnt] for all subjects. Mean baseline CMax was 3.04±0.43 (0.69-8.47) ng/ml with no significant difference at month 12. CONCLUSIONS: LA demonstrated safety, tolerability, and high compliance over 2 years. LA achieved therapeutic blood levels at values comparable with those previously reported. Primary and secondary outcomes will be presented on the effectiveness of this inexpensive antioxidant. Study supported by: Department of Veterans Affairs, RR&D Service.
Salt dissolution potential estimated from two-dimensional vertical thermohaline flow and transport modeling along a Transylvanian salt diapir, Romania (2019)

The presented study explores the salt dissolution potential of fluids around a salt diapir in the Transylvanian town of Ocna Mures, Romania, which is facing land-collapse hazards related to salt mining activities. A structural three-dimensional (3D) model of the salt diapir, the adjacent basin sediments, and the mining galleries was developed based on existing maps, borehole data, own field observations, and geological publications of the Transylvanian Basin. The salt dissolution potential was estimated from 2D vertical thermohaline flow and transport model scenarios along the southeastern flank of the diapir. Results showed that the following factors increase the salt dissolution capacity along the upper 180 m of the diapir: (1) the presence of more permeable Quaternary alluvial sediments in connection with a fault zone of higher permeability along the diapir, and (2) the presence of more permeable sandstone units within the Miocene sediments in the east of the diapir, which provide freshwater access to the upper parts of the diapir. Thermohaline simulation with viscosity variation of the fluid, instead of a constant viscosity, influences the resulting salt fluxes by up to 50% within studied temperature ranges of 10–60 °C in the model domain. The range of theoretical dissolution rates along the upper 180 m of the diapir supports the hypothesis that cavern collapse is more likely to occur where cavern side walls have already been mined to almost no remaining side walls of rock salt, which is the case in the southeastern part of the diapir.
Data from An Effective Epigenetic-PARP Inhibitor Combination Therapy for Breast and Ovarian Cancers Independent of BRCA Mutations (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are primarily effective against BRCA1/2-mutated breast and ovarian cancers, but resistance due to reversion of mutated BRCA1/2 and other mechanisms is common. Based on previous reports demonstrating a functional role for DNMT1 in DNA repair and our previous studies demonstrating an ability of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) to resensitize tumors to primary therapies, we hypothesized that combining a DNMTi with PARPi would sensitize PARPi-resistant breast and ovarian cancers to PARPi therapy, independent of BRCA status.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Breast and ovarian cancer cell lines (BRCA-wild-type/mutant) were treated with PARPi talazoparib and DNMTi guadecitabine. Effects on cell survival, ROS accumulation, and cAMP levels were examined. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, mice bearing either BRCA-proficient breast or ovarian cancer cells were treated with talazoparib and guadecitabine, alone or in combination. Tumor progression, gene expression, and overall survival were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Combination of guadecitabine and talazoparib synergized to enhance PARPi efficacy, irrespective of BRCA mutation status. Coadministration of guadecitabine with talazoparib increased accumulation of ROS, promoted PARP activation, and further sensitized, in a cAMP/PKA-dependent manner, breast and ovarian cancer cells to PARPi. In addition, DNMTi enhanced PARP “trapping” by talazoparib. Guadecitabine plus talazoparib decreased xenograft tumor growth and increased overall survival in BRCA-proficient high-grade serous ovarian and triple-negative breast cancer models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The novel combination of the next-generation DNMTi guadecitabine and the first-in-class PARPi talazoparib inhibited breast and ovarian cancers harboring either wild-type– or mutant-BRCA, supporting further clinical exploration of this drug combination in PARPi-resistant cancers. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 3163–75. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Millennial Scale Sea Level Curve Estimation (2000)

26 pages, 1 article
Morphological Studies of Prolactin-Secreting Cells in Estrogen Receptor α and Estrogen Receptor β Knockout Mice (2003)

Estrogens play a major role in the regulation of prolactin (PRL) secretion through activation of pituitary and hypothalamic estrogen receptors (ERs). In order to evaluate the relative role of ERalpha and ERbeta in the control of PRL density in the pituitary gland, we performed immunocytochemical localization of PRL and ERs in pituitaries of wild-type (WT), ERalpha knockout (KO) and ERbetaKO mice. In WT and ERbetaKO anterior pituitaries, the vast majority of secretory cells contained ERalpha immunoreactivity, while no ERalpha immunostaining could be found in ERalphaKO pituitaries. No ERbeta immunoreactivity could be detected in pituitaries of WT, ERalphaKO or ERbetaKO mice. At the light microscopic level, a large number of cells staining for PRL were present in pituitaries of female WT, while in female ERalphaKO pituitaries, the density of PRL cells was much lower. In WT male pituitaries, the density of PRL cells was lower than observed in female WT, while PRL staining was markedly decreased in male ERalphaKO as compared to male WT. In ERbetaKO mice of both sexes, the results were identical to those observed in WT animals. At the electron microscopic level, in WT mice of both sexes, type 1 PRL cells exhibited a well-developed Golgi apparatus and a large number of strongly stained large mature and immature secretory granules. Type 2 PRL cells were also present in the pituitary. Type 2 PRL cells contain small poorly labelled granules. In ERalphaKO mice of both sexes, type 1 PRL cells were atrophied with poorly developed Golgi apparatus, and no type 2 PRL cells could be observed. In ERalphaKO pituitaries, typical gonadectomy cells were found. No ultrastructural changes were observed in PRL cells of ERbetaKO mice. The present data strongly suggest that the positive regulation of PRL expression at the pituitary level by estrogens is mediated by ERalpha and does not involve ERbeta activation.
Comparative study of fiber reinforced PP composites: Effect of fiber type, coupling and failure mechanisms (2020)

A polypropylene (PP) homopolymer was reinforced with carbon fiber, glass fiber and wood flour in order to compare their advantages and drawbacks. Interfacial adhesion does not influence stiffness, but it affects strongly other properties, i.e. tensile strength and impact resistance. Several local deformation and failure processes take place simultaneously or consecutively in the composites during deformation. The fracture of wood fibers is the dominating process at good adhesion, while debonding, fiber pullout and fiber fracture occurs in carbon and glass fiber reinforced composites. Some of the local deformation processes do not result in the failure of the composites, while others lead to catastrophic failure. A close correlation was found between the characteristic stress determined by acoustic emission and the mechanical properties of the composites. Composites with advantageous properties, i.e. large stiffness, acceptable impact resistance and price, can be prepared by the proper selection of fiber type, composition and interfacial adhesion.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral 3‐Substituted Indanones via an Enantioselective Reductive Heck Reaction. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Just-in-Time Networking Framework for Minimizing Request-Response Latency of Wireless Time-Sensitive Applications (2022)

This article puts forth a networking paradigm, referred to as just-in-time (JIT) communication, to support client-server applications with stringent request-response latency requirement. Of interest is not just the round-trip delay of the network, but the actual request-response latency experienced by the application. The JIT framework contains two salient features. At the client side, the communication layer will “pull” a request from the client just when there is an upcoming transmission opportunity from the network. This ensures that the request contains information that is as fresh as possible (e.g., a sensor reading obtained just before the transmission opportunity). At the server side, the network ascertains that the server, after receiving and processing the request to generate a response (e.g., a control command to be sent to the client), will have a transmission opportunity at just this time. We realize the JIT system, including the protocol stack, over a time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) network implemented on a System-on-Chip (SoC) platform. We prove that a TDMA network with a power-of-2 time slots per superframe is optimal for realizing the server-side JIT function. Our experimental results validate that JIT networks can yield significantly lower request-response latency than networks without JIT support can.
A Novel Clinically Relevant Approach to Tip the Balance Toward Regulation in Stringent Transplant Model (2010)

Simultaneous T-cell depletion with ATG and costimulatory blockade, combined with SRL, synergizes to promote regulation and prolong allograft survival in a stringent transplant model. These results provide the rationale for translating such novel combination therapy to promote regulation in primate and human organ transplantation.
Effects of lattice mismatch on InxGa1−xAs/InP heterojunctions (1990)

The conduction-band discontinuities and interface charge densities of several n-N isotype InxGa1−xAs/InP (x≂0.53) heterojunctions with lattice mismatches (Δa/a) ranging from +0.26 to −0.24% were measured using capacitance-voltage techniques. To facilitate these measurements, organic-on-inorganic contact barrier diodes were used. Extremely low interface charge densities (&amp;lt;1×1010 cm−2) are obtained for all the samples, which are approximately one order of magnitude lower than previously reported values for these heterojunctions. We find that the interface charge density is independent of the magnitude of lattice mismatch and temperature. All the samples show a clear peak-and-notch in their apparent free-carrier concentration profiles at temperatures as low as 83 K. This is in contrast to results reported previously where the notch is observed to disappear at low temperature. The measured heterojunction conduction-band discontinuity is also found to be temperature independent, with a value of 0.22±0.02 eV.
Young at Heart (2015)

T he aging process has a significant effect on the structure and function of the cardiovascular system. Also, an age-dependent increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and heart failure is clinically observed. Experimentally, a plethora of cellular adaptations in the cardiovascular system are associated with aging. These changes broadly include increased sympathetic nerve activity (in part due to increased circulating catecholamines), increased cardiac responsiveness to the renin-angiotensin system, increased extracellular remodeling with increased cardiac fibrosis, increased reactive oxygen substrate production, and decreased functioning of autophagy (1). Over time, these cellular changes lead to arrest of normal cell cycle progression, loss of cardiomyocytes, cardiac hypertrophy, and altered diastolic functioning with impaired myocardial perfusion, a process broadly referred to as cardiac senescence.
An Energy-Efficient Digital ReRAM-Crossbar-Based CNN With Bitwise Parallelism (2017)

There is great attention to develop hardware accelerator with better energy efficiency, as well as throughput, than GPUs for convolutional neural network (CNN). The existing solutions have relatively limited parallelism as well as large power consumption (including leakage power). In this paper, we present a resistive random access memory (ReRAM)-accelerated CNN that can achieve significantly higher throughput and energy efficiency when the CNN is trained with binary constraints on both weights and activations, and is further mapped on a digital ReRAM-crossbar. We propose an optimized accelerator architecture tailored for bitwise convolution that features massive parallelism with high energy efficiency. Numerical experiment results show that the binary CNN accelerator on a digital ReRAM-crossbar achieves a peak throughput of 792 GOPS at the power consumption of 4.5 mW, which is 1.61 times faster and 296 times more energy-efficient than a high-end GPU.
Arterial spin labeled carotid MR angiography: A phantom study examining the impact of technical and hemodynamic factors (2015)

Flow phantom imaging studies show that ASL MRA can improve the display of hemodynamically significant carotid arterial stenosis compared with TOF MRA, with FLASH and ultrashort echo time readouts being most accurate.
Keynote speakers [2 abstracts] (2017)

Provides an abstract for each of the two keynote presentations and may include a brief professional biography of each presenter. The complete presentations were not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
Secondary User Scheduling under Throughput Guarantees for the Primary Network (2013)

This work addresses scheduling in a cognitive radio scenario where a minimum throughput for the downlink primary network (PN) is guaranteed to each user with an associated violation probability (probability of not obtaining the guaranteed throughput). The primary network is surrounded by multiple downlink secondary networks, each aiming to maximize its network throughput. Scheduling in PN is performed independent of the secondary networks. Some information about the PN is available at the central scheduler that is responsible for scheduling the secondary networks. The contribution of this work is to apply a novel scheduler to the PN which is more robust to QoS degradations resulting from the secondary networks than other state of the art schedulers. This is validated by numerical simulations of the cognitive radio network.
Custom hardware support for realtime ray tracing (2005)

Article Share on Custom hardware support for realtime ray tracing Authors: Philipp Slusallek Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Saarland University, Saarbrücken, GermanyView Profile , Peter Shirley University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UTView Profile , William Mark University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TXView Profile , Gordon Stoll Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CAView Profile , Ingo Wald Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik, Saarbrücken, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik, Saarbrücken, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '05: ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 CoursesJuly 2005 Pages 18–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1198555.1198757Published:31 July 2005Publication History 0citation333DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads333Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Effective CSI Signaling and Decentralized Beam Coordination in TDD Multi-Cell MIMO Systems (2013)

We propose decentralized algorithms and corresponding signaling concepts of effective channel state information (CSI) for weighted sum rate (WSR) maximization via linear downlink transmit-receive beamforming in multi-cell multi-user MIMO systems operating in the time-division duplex (TDD) mode. The iterative processing consists of optimization steps that are run locally by base stations (BS), and facilitated by a combination of over-the-air uplink pilot signaling and scalar backhaul information exchange. In the first novel strategy, the coordinating cells update their transmit precoders and receivers by executing a cell-specific optimization loop one cell at a time, which guarantees monotonic convergence of the network-wide problem. The strategy employs separate uplink channel sounding (CS) and busy burst (BB) signaling to reveal the effective channels of the terminals to the neighboring BSs. In the second strategy, we sacrifice the monotonic convergence and devise a faster scheme where the BSs are allowed to optimize their variables in parallel based on just the CS responses and additional backhaul information. We make use of the optimization framework where the WSR maximization is carried out via weighted sum mean-squared-error (MSE) minimization, and generalize the approach by employing antenna-specific transmit power constraints. The numerical results demonstrate that WSR maximization has the desirable property that spatial scheduling, or user and beam selection, is carried out implicitly.
Overexpression and characterization of the human mineralocorticoid receptor. (1991)

The full-length human renal mineralocorticoid receptor (hMR) has been overproduced in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells using baculovirus-mediated expression. The overproduced hMR binds aldosterone with high affinity (Kd = 1.36 nM) and has high affinity for cortisol, cortexolone, and progesterone. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis of the recombinant hMR with MR-specific antibodies reveal three major protein bands with molecular masses of 115, 119, and 125 kDa. hMR isoforms show maximal accumulation at 48 h post-infection with the recombinant baculovirus. Maximal aldosterone binding was detected at 24 h rather than at 48 h post-infection, suggesting that the assembly of hMR monomers into the nonactivated steroid-binding receptor complexes and/or their stability deteriorates after 24 h post-infection. It is estimated by specific aldosterone binding that 1.2 x 10(6) hMR molecules are expressed per Sf9 cell (equivalent to 7 pmol/mg of cytosolic protein) at 24 h post-infection. 5-Fold more receptor molecules/cell are expressed but not detected by steroid binding at 48 h post-infection as determined by immunoblot analysis. Using the MR-specific H10E anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody, immunoprecipitation of cytosol from recombinant baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells pulse-labeled with 32Pi demonstrated for the first time that the recombinant hMR is highly phosphorylated. The hMR is expressed as 9-10 S oligomeric complexes (Stokes radii approximately 67-85 A) that are slightly heavier than the unactivated glucocorticoid receptor and can be converted to smaller 4 S receptor monomers (Stokes radii approximately 25-55 A) by elevated temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Unlike the glucocorticoid receptor, the oligomeric hMR complex can bind DNA-cellulose without prior activation. Finally, indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated that the hMR is expressed primarily as a cytoplasmic protein that can be induced to translocate to the nucleus upon treatment with hormone.