gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Micronetworks by end-linking of polystyrene. 1. Synthesis and characterization by light and neutron scattering (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicronetworks by end-linking of polystyrene. 1. Synthesis and characterization by light and neutron scatteringMarkus Antonietti, Dietmar Ehlich, Karl J. Foelsch, Hans Sillescu, Manfred Schmidt, and Peter LindnerCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 6, 2802–2812Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00196a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00196a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generalized Sampling on Graphs With A Subspace Prior (2019)

We consider a framework for generalized sampling of graph signals that extends sampling results in shift-invariant (SI) spaces to the graph setting. We assume that the input signal lies in a periodic graph spectrum subspace, which generalizes the standard SI assumption to graph signals. Sampling is performed in the graph frequency domain by an arbitrary graph filter. We show that under a mild condition on the sampling filter, perfect recovery is possible using a correction filter that can be represented as a spectral graph filter whose response depends on the prior subspace spectrum and on the sampling filter. This filter parallels the correction filter in SI sampling in standard signal processing. Since the input space and the sampling filter are almost arbitrary, our framework allows perfect recovery of many classes of input signals from a variety of different sampling patterns using a simple correction filter. For example, our method enables perfect recovery of non-bandlimited graph signals from their bandlimited measurements.
Subjective performance evaluation of the SVC extension of H.264/AVC (2008)

This contribution presents results of the MPEG verification test that was carried out for the new Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Amendment of H.264/AVC. The test consisted of a series of subjective comparisons of SVC and single layer H.264/AVC coding for different application scenarios including conversational applications, broadcasting over mobile channels, and HD broadcasting. The results show that a reasonable degree of spatial and quality scalability can be supported with a bit rate overhead of less than or about 10% and an indistinguishable visual quality compared to the state of the art single layer coding. This paper describes the coding conditions, the test procedure, and presents the results of the SVC verification test.
Optical limiting and excited-state absorption in fullerene solutions and doped glasses (1995)

We report the ground-state and excited-state optical absorption spectra in the visible and near infrared for several substituted fullerenes and higher fullerenes in toluene solutions. Based on these measurements, broadband predictions of the optical limiting performance of these molecules can be deduced. These predictions are then tested in the wavelength range from 532 nm to 700 nm in intensity-dependent transmission measurements. We observe optical limiting in all fullerenes measured; higher fullerenes show the greatest potential for limiting in the near infrared (650 - 1000 nm), while substituted C<SUB>60</SUB> shows optimal limiting in the visible (450 - 700 nm). We observe dramatically reduced limiting for solid forms of C<SUB>60</SUB> (thin films and C<SUB>60</SUB>-doped porous glasses), indicating that efficient optical limiting in fullerenes requires true molecular solutions.
Editorial: Rubber-dam - a blessing not only in the Covid-19 era. (2021)

status: Accepted
Network parameters for crosslinking of chains with length and site distribution (1988)

Abstract Polymer chains are crosslinked to form a network. The chains are polydispersed, with an arbitrary distribution of weight and functionality. Crosslinks may form in three different ways: direct coupling (homopolymerization), direct coupling with propagation, and coupling through copolymerization with small monomers. Various network parameters are calculated. We give computational formulae for gel point, weight fraction soluble, weight fraction pendant, weight fraction effective, concentration of effective junctions, concentration of effective network strands, and the entanglement trapping factor. These formulae give exact values for systems that previously have only been solved using simplifying approximations. Examples show that such simplification may lead to sizable errors in the computation of network parameters.
Low-Stress Silicon Nitride for Mid-Infrared Microphotonics (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate a sophisticated mid-IR microphotonics platform adopting engineered Si-rich and low-stress silicon nitride (SiNx) thin films where an extensive infrared transparency up to λ = 8.5 μm is achieved. Furthermore, because of the designed low-stress property, the SiNx deposition is able to reach a thickness &gt; 2 μm that significantly reduces mid-IR waveguide loss to less than 0.2 dB/cm. We show directional couplers functioning over a broad infrared spectrum, thus enabling monolithic mid-IR multiplexing schemes for integrated linear and nonlinear photonics leading to sophisticated label-free sensing technologies.
The MITE familyHeartbreaker(Hbr): Molecular markers in maize (2000)

Transposable elements are ubiquitous in plant genomes, where they frequently comprise the majority of genomic DNA. The maize genome, which is believed to be structurally representative of large plant genomes, contains single genes or small gene islands interspersed with much longer blocks of retrotransposons. Given this organization, it would be desirable to identify molecular markers preferentially located in genic regions. In this report, the features of a newly described family of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements (MITEs) (called Heartbreaker), including high copy number and polymorphism, stability, and preference for genic regions, have been exploited in the development of a class of molecular markers for maize. To this end, a modification of the AFLP procedure called transposon display was used to generate and display hundreds of genomic fragments anchored in Hbr elements. An average of 52 markers were amplified for each primer combination tested. In all, 213 polymorphic fragments were reliably scored and mapped in 100 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between the maize inbreds B73 x Mo17. In this mapping population, Hbr markers are distributed evenly across the 10 maize chromosomes. This procedure should be of general use in the development of markers for other MITE families in maize and in other plant and animal species where MITEs have been identified.
CEP-stable Single-Cycle Pulses from a Cr:ZnS Laser (2022)

We present generation of 7.5-fs pulses at 2.3 µm driven by a carrier-envelope-phase-stabilized diode-pumped Cr:ZnS oscillator. The single-cycle waveforms exhibit exceptional stability with a residual phase jitter of 8.6 mrad (0.2 Hz − 11.4 MHz).
Time-Optimal Solution for a Unicycle Path on SE(2) with a Penalty on Curvature (2017)

This work considers the problem of minimizing the path-curvature of a unicycle moving between two configurations in SE(2) with free final time. The problem is posed as an optimal control problem and the necessary conditions are derived using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle and Lie-Poisson reduction. Solutions are categorized into three cases corresponding to the value of the Casimir. A numerical solver for obtaining the optimal control is described. Experimental results are reported on a ground robot.
Tapasin Is a Facilitator, Not an Editor, of Class I MHC Peptide Binding (2003)

Tapasin has been proposed to function as a peptide editor to displace lower affinity peptides and/or to favor the binding of high affinity peptides. Consistent with this, cell surface HLA-B8 molecules in tapasin-deficient cells were less stable and the peptide repertoire was substantially altered. However, the binding affinities of peptides expressed in the absence of tapasin were unexpectedly higher, not lower. The peptide repertoire from cells expressing soluble tapasin was similar in both appearance and affinity to that presented in the presence of full-length tapasin, but the HLA-B8 molecules showed altered cell surface stability characteristics. Similarly, the binding affinities of HLA-A*0201-associated peptides from tapasin(+) and tapasin(-) cells were equivalent, although steady state HLA-A*0201 cell surface expression was decreased and the molecules demonstrated reduced cell surface stability on tapasin(-) cells. These data are inconsistent with a role for tapasin as a peptide editor. Instead, we propose that tapasin acts as a peptide facilitator. In this role, it stabilizes the peptide-free conformation of class I MHC molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum and thus increases the number and variety of peptides bound to class I MHC. Full-length tapasin then confers additional stability on class I MHC molecules that are already associated with peptides.
Design of AlN-subwavelength grating for deep ultraviolet wavelength reflector operating at 244 nm of wavelength (2021)

Highly reflective reflector (> 99.9%) operating at deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelength region around 244 nm was
proposed by using subwavelength grating (SWG) patterned AlN substrate. Structural parameters of AlN-SWG were
desgined for DUV reflector using the wavenumber dispersion relation of the eiegenmdoes resulting from its periodic
refractive index distribution. The electromagnetic field calculated by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method
revealed the polarization selective reflection characteristics of the designed AlN-SWG, and the SWG can achieve more
than 99% reflectivity of p-polarization (the electric field is perpendicular to the grating fingers) at the DUV wavelength of
244 nm. This extremely high reflectivity, polarization selectivity and compactness of our AlN-SWG are very useful for
various DUV applications, such as cavity of DUV laser diodes.
Nitridotris(neopentyl)molybdenum(VI) (1994)

International audience
Electron-transfer mechanism in radical-scavenging reactions by a vitamin E model in a protic medium (2005)

The scavenging reaction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) or galvinoxyl radical (GO.) by a vitamin E model, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol (1H), was significantly accelerated by the presence of Mg(ClO4)2 in de-aerated methanol (MeOH). Such an acceleration indicates that the radical-scavenging reaction of 1H in MeOH proceeds via an electron transfer from 1H to the radical, followed by a proton transfer, rather than the one-step hydrogen atom transfer which has been observed in acetonitrile (MeCN). A significant negative shift of the one-electron oxidation potential of 1H in MeOH (0.63 V vs. SCE), due to strong solvation as compared to that in MeCN (0.97 V vs. SCE), may result in change of the radical-scavenging mechanisms between protic and aprotic media.
Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Bulk and Microscopic Human Colon Tissue (2000)

A sensitive ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) system, which integrates bulk and microscopic capabilities, is described for use with human tissue. The system incorporates a quasi-continuous tunable laser excitation source in the range 200–300 nm, a liquid nitrogen-cooled charge-coupled device (CCD), a single grating spectrometer, dielectric longpass laser line rejection filters, and cooled specimen holders to minimize bio- and photo-degradation. The system was used on normal human colon tissue, and was compared to our previously used Nd:YAG-based system. Spectra with higher signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) than has previously been achieved, and with less than 5% photobleaching, are presented. The present system outperforms our previous system by improving the S/N in bulk normal colon spectra by a factor of greater than 10. We show for the first time UVRR spectra collected from the various microscopic regions of human colon in a thin section preparation, and the line shapes from the different microscopic morphological components are related to the bulk colon spectra. At 251 nm the epithelial cells and the lamina propria are the major contributors to the UVRR spectrum of bulk colon tissue. Our data suggest that combined bulk and microscopic UVRR spectroscopy of human tissue could provide a valuable tool for bioassay and histochemistry.
Staphylococcus aureus (2014)

The etiological agents of Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) are members of the genus Staphylococcus, predominantly Staphylococcus aureus. This form of food poisoning is considered intoxication; it does not involve infection by, and growth of, the bacteria in the host. This chapter primarily addresses SFP; however, in regard to the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), there is significant overlap in the natural histories of both diseases. Humans are the main reservoir for staphylococci involved in human disease, including S. aureus. S. aureus is known for acquiring genetic resistance to heavy metals and antimicrobial agents used in clinical medicine. SFP occurs as either isolated cases or outbreaks affecting a large number of people. Biochemical and structural studies of SEs have revealed that some SEs are dependent on zinc ions to be functional and to be able to properly bind major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII). SEs and other superantigens (SAgs) interact with a characteristic repertoire of T-cell receptors (TCR) sequences. The TCR specificity of each SE is determined by toxin residues in the shallow cavity at the top of the molecule. The structural aspects of SEs that enable them to survive degradation by pepsin and other enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract are required for the toxins to induce SFP. Progress has been made toward understanding the molecular aspects relevant to SFP. S. aureus has some unique properties that promote its ability to produce foodborne illness.
Generation and detection of spin-orbit coupled neutron beams (2019)

Spin-orbit coupling of light has come to the fore in nanooptics and plasmonics, and is a key ingredient of topological photonics and chiral quantum optics. We demonstrate a basic tool for incorporating analogous effects into neutron optics: the generation and detection of neutron beams with coupled spin and orbital angular momentum. The <sup>3</sup>He neutron spin filters are used in conjunction with specifically oriented triangular coils to prepare neutron beams with lattices of spin-orbit correlations, as demonstrated by their spin-dependent intensity profiles. These correlations can be tailored to particular applications, such as neutron studies of topological materials.
Abstract B103: Time for a change in breast cancer screening? A survey of female physicians’ perception of 2009 USPSTF guidelines on breast cancer screening (2010)

Abstract Objective: To explore the attitudes and compliance of female physicians to the 2009 USPSTF guidelines and its influencing factors. Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted on the SurveyMonkey website with a self-designed questionnaire. Email invitations were sent to the presidents of various organizations including American Medical Association (AMA) to explain the purpose of this survey and to recruit participates. Of the 111 female physicians participated in the survey, 109 completed the questionnaire, resulting in an effective response rate of 98.2%. Results: Mammography (71.7%) and clinical breast examination (67.3%) are the most preferred screening tests of female physicians for women aged 40 to 49 years. Consistent with the results, mammography was considered as “very effective” in reducing breast cancer mortality in women aged 40 to 49 years by 66.7% of respondents, compared with breast self examination (23.4%) and clinical breast examination (24.8%) (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis results showed that the following items “Recommend not to begin routine screening mammography in women aged 40 to 49 years”, “Recommend biennial screening mammography in women aged 50 to 74 years”, and the female physicians’ age would significantly influence the female physicians’ decision on whether or not to follow the 2009 USPSTF guidelines. Conclusion: Our survey reveals that most female physician's unwillingness to follow the 2009 USPSTF guidelines is primarily associated with their opposition to the 2009 USPSTF guidelines not to begin routine screening mammography in women aged 40 to 49 years and to start biennial screening mammography in women aged 50 to 74 years. The concerns about the false positive rate and the cost-effectiveness of breast cancer screening, particularly the routine screening mammography for women aged 40 to 49 years, did not significantly influence the female physicians to follow the 2009 USPSTF guidelines. Based on these findings, we propose the following: 1. Inform women about the harms and benefits of mammography as a component of informed decision making and continue annual screening mammography starting at age 40; 2. Educate the public about breast cancer and the importance of early screening remains a high priority. Personalized risk assessment and screening tailored to risks are our future goals. Although there remains some debate about the optimal age at which to begin screening and the optimal frequency of screening, as more robust evidence and improved technical advances are more readily available, the USPSTF guidelines will be updated. The art and science of medicine continue to be intertwined as physicians attempt to balance their current knowledge with the needs and concerns of their individual patients. Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):B103.
A Refined Model of the HCV NS5A Protein Bound to Daclatasvir Explains Drug-Resistant Mutations and Activity against Divergent Genotypes (2014)

Many direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that selectively block hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication are currently under development. Among these agents is Daclatasvir, a first-in-class inhibitor targeting the NS5A viral protein. Although Daclatasvir is the most potent HCV antiviral molecule yet developed, its binding location and mode of binding remain unknown. The drug exhibits a low barrier to resistance mutations, particularly in genotype 1 viruses, but its efficacy against other genotypes is unclear. Using state-of-the-art modeling techniques combined with the massive computational power of Blue Gene/Q, we identified the atomic interactions of Daclatasvir within NS5A for different HCV genotypes and for several reported resistant mutations. The proposed model is the first to reveal the detailed binding mode of Daclatasvir. It also provides a tool to facilitate design of second generation drugs, which may confer less resistance and/or broader activity against HCV.
[Changes in regional cerebral blood flow during auditory cognitive tasks--a PET activation study with odd-ball paradigm]. (1993)

In order to investigate the relation between auditory cognitive function and regional brain activation, we measured the changes in the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) using positron emission tomography (PET) during the "odd-ball" paradigm in ten normal healthy volunteers. The subject underwent 3 tasks, twice for each, while the evoked potential was recorded. In these tasks, the auditory stimulus was a series of pure tones delivered every 1.5 sec binaurally at 75 dB from the earphones. Task A: the stimulus was a series of tones with 1000 Hz only, and the subject was instructed to only hear. Task B: the stimulus was a series of tones with 1000 Hz only, and the subject was instructed to push the button on detecting a tone. Task C: the stimulus was a series of pure tones delivered every 1.5 sec binaurally at 75 dB with a frequency of 1000 Hz (non-target) in 80% and 2000 Hz (target) in 20% at random, and the subject was instructed to push the button on detecting a target tone. The event related potential (P300) was observed in task C (Pz: 334.3 +/- 19.6 msec). At each task, the CBF was measured using PET with i.v. injection of 1.5 GBq of O-15 water. The changes in CBF associated with auditory cognition was evaluated by the difference between the CBF images in task C and task B. Localized increase was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (in all subjects), the bilateral associate auditory cortex, the prefrontal cortex and the parietal cortex. The latter three areas had a large individual variation in the location of foci.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Magnetically Engineered Smart Thin Films: Toward Lab-on-Chip Ultra-Sensitive Molecular Imaging (2013)

Magnetically responsive engineered smart thin films of nanoferrites as contrast agent are employed to develop surface based magnetic resonance imaging to acquire simple yet fast molecular imaging. The work presented here can be of significant potential for future lab-on-chip point-of-care diagnostics from the whole blood pool on almost any substrates to reduce or even prevent clinical studies involve a living organism to enhance the non-invasive imaging to advance the '3Rs' of work in animals-replacement, refinement and reduction.
ChemInform Abstract: OXYGEN HETEROCYCLES BY SULFUR YLIDE ANNULATION: SYNTHESIS OF 3,4‐DIHYDRO‐2H,5H‐PYRANO(3,2‐C)(1)BENZOPYRAN‐5‐ONES BY DIMETHYLSULFOXONIUM METHYLIDE (1984)

Abstract Die Michael‐Reaktion der 4‐Hydroxycumarine (I) mit den als‐ungesättigten Ketonen (II) führt ‐z′u den Hydroxydihydrocunwrinen (III), die mit dem Sulfoxoniumylid (IV) die iSomeren Hydroxymethylpyranobenzopyrone (V) und (VI) liefern.