gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HOUT-08. COMORBID MEDICAL CONDITIONS AS PREDICTORS OF OVERALL SURVIVAL IN SURGICAL PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA (2018)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common, fast-growing central nervous system tumor with poor prognosis. Survival from diagnosis to death is estimated to range from 7.2 to 26.6 months. Only a few predictors of survival have been well-established, including age, extent of resection (EOR), performance status, and MGMT status. Our objective was to determine whether demographic characteristics and comorbid medical conditions influence overall survival (OS) in surgical GBM patients. Data came from the Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Brain and Spine Tumor Data Registry, which collects retrospective information on all patients who presented to VCU Health with a CNS tumor between January 2005 and February 2015. Patients diagnosed with GBM who underwent surgery and/or biopsy were included in this study. Cox proportional hazards regression controlling for age, EOR, and tumor location was used to assess the relationship between OS and sex, race, insurance status, marital status, alcohol/tobacco use, initial tumor volume, and comorbidities. Individual analyses were performed for each predictor and those with p<0.15 were entered into multivariate models. There were 163 patients who met inclusion criteria. Mean OS was 10.6 months with a survival probability of 66% at 6 months, 46% at 12 months, and 21% at 24 months. After individual analysis, sex (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.98–1.92, p=0.07) and history of asthma (HR: 2.04, CI: 0.98–4.28, p=0.06), hypercholesterolemia (HR: 1.69, CI: 0.95–3.01, p=0.07), and depression/anxiety (HR: 1.81, CI: 1.04–3.16, p=0.04) were included in the final model. In multivariate modeling, no demographic characteristics or comorbidities were significantly associated with OS. History of depression/anxiety was significantly associated with OS on individual analysis. However, this association did not remain significant in final multivariate modeling. The potential link between depression/anxiety and survival in GBM patients needs further evaluation in studies with greater power, given this could be amenable to intervention.
Raman microprobe analysis of preforms and optical fibers (1984)

The concentration profile of various dopants (germanium, phosphorus, and fluorine) in preforms and optical fibers has been obtained with a Raman microprobe. A 2-microm spatial resolution was achieved. In the case of germanium and phosphorus, the results agree quite well with those obtained with an electron microprobe. Raman spectroscopy easily detects fluorine. From measurements of various F-doped samples, diffusion of fluorine in undoped and doped silica is suggested.
The Transmogrifier-2: a 1 million gate rapid-prototyping system (1998)

This paper describes the Transmogrifier-2 (TM-2), a second-generation multifield programmable gate array (FPGA) rapid-prototyping system. The largest version of the system will comprise 16 boards that each contain two Altera 10K50 FPGA's, four I-Cube interconnect chips, and up to 8 Mbytes of memory. The inter-FPGA routing architecture of the TM-2 uses a novel interconnect structure, a nonuniform partial crossbar, that provides a constant delay between any two FPGA's in the system. The TM-2 architecture is modular and scalable, meaning that systems of various sizes can be constructed from copies of the same board, while maintaining routability and the constant delay feature. Other features include a system-level programmable clock that allows single-cycle access to off-chip memory, and programmable clock waveforms with edge resolution of 10 ns. The first Transmogrifier-2 boards have been manufactured and are functional. They have recently been used successfully in some simple graphics acceleration applications.
Highly Efficient Quantum Dot Light-emitting Diode Based on Properly Charge Balanced and Suppressed Interfacial Exciton Quenching Process (2020)

Proceedings of the International Display Workshops Volume 27 (IDW '20),Highly Efficient Quantum Dot Light-emitting Diode Based on Properly Charge Balanced and Suppressed Interfacial Exciton Quenching Process
Characterization of a chronic cough in cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome (2023)

VI.
Structural and Functional Characterization of a Constrained Asx-Turn Motif (1994)

The specific and timely glycosylation of proteins is associated with the proper structure, function, and targeting of glycoprotein conjugates. For N-linked glycosylation, catalyzed by the enzyme oligosaccharyl transferase (OT), we have recently proposed that the fidelity of this modification may be associated with particular conformational tendencies of polypeptide substrates which contain the consensus sequence Asn-Xaa-Thr/Ser. The presence of a local Asx-turn ,about the Asn-Xaa-Thr/Ser sequence, is central to this proposal, which was based on studies of the glycosyl acceptor properties of linear and cyclic peptides. Herein, we describe a new substrate for N-linked glycosylation which is conformationally constrained to adopt an Asx-turn and specifically designed to test this proposal.
Evaluation of effects of JPEG2000 compression on a computer-aided detection system for prostate cancer on digitized histopathology (2010)

A single digital pathology image can occupy over 10 gigabytes of hard disk space, rendering it difficult to store, analyze, and transmit. Though image compression provides a means of reducing the storage requirement, its effects on CAD (and pathologist) performance are not yet clear. In this work we assess the impact of compression on the ability of a CAD system to detect carcinoma of the prostate (CaP) in histological sections. The CAD algorithm proceeds as follows: Glands in the tissue are segmented using a region-growing algorithm. The size of each gland is then extracted and modeled using a mixture of Gamma distributions. A Markov prior (specifically, a probabilistic pairwise Markov model) is employed to encourage nearby glands to share the same class (i.e. cancerous or non-cancerous). Finally, cancerous glands are aggregated into continuous regions using a distance-hull algorithm. We evaluate CAD performance over 12 images compressed at 14 different compression ratios using JPEG2000. Algorithm performance (measured using the under the receiver operating characteristic curves) remains relatively constant for compression ratios up to 1:256. After this point performance degrades precipitously. We also have an expert pathologist view the compressed images and assign a confidence measure as to their diagnostic fidelity.
Active reduction of vibrations in synchronous motors by use of an estimator (2013)

Electric vehicles rise new issues, among them high frequency noise, that are coming from electric powertrain. This noise is caused by interaction between magnetic radial forces and mechanical stator structure. Current harmonics may excite stator natural frequencies, thus leading to vibrations responsible for acoustic noise. In this paper, we propose a new method based on control to reduce current harmonics. They are modeled as the consequence of a sinusoidal disturbance at a given frequency. This is estimated by an observer and this estimation is used to cancel harmonic components contained in stator currents.
A Novel Effective DQ-Based Access Protocol with Load Estimation for Massive M2M Communications (2017)

This paper proposes a novel effective protocol based on the Distributed Queue (DQ) mechanism to tackle the massive access issue in the cellular- based Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications. To fully take the advantage of the DQ mechanism, we propose a novel method to avoid the inherent over- division problem by letting the base station first roughly probes the number of colliding devices in a Random Access Opportunity. Based on the probing result, the base station then randomly divides these devices into a determined number of groups and ``pushes" these groups to the end of a logical access queue. In addition, we develop an analytical model to accurately estimate the average access delay of the proposed protocol in the massive scenarios. Computer simulations are also performed to validate the correctness of the analytical model as well as the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in comparison with the LTE standard and conventional DQ access schemes.
Étude des phénomènes physiques utilisables pour alimenter en énergie électrique des micros-systèmes communicants (2005)

Dici quelques annees, des capteurs de toutes sortes vont envahir notre environnement. Nous en rencontrons deja beaucoup autour de la voiture, de lordinateur ou de la telephonie. Cette multiplication a grande echelle des capteurs nest toutefois possible que si, dune part, ils communiquent sans fil et, dautre part, ils sont entierement autonomes du point de vue energetique. Concernant les systemes de communication, beaucoup de progres et de normes sont apparus ces dernieres annees. La technologie semble etre au point, meme si des ameliorations en terme de consommation sont encore possibles. Quant a lautonomie energetique, elle pose actuellement un veritable probleme a cause de la duree limitee des piles ou batteries, sans compter leurs problemes de pollution. Lidee est donc de recuperer lenergie (mecanique, thermique, chimique ou rayonnante) qui entoure les capteurs pour les alimenter afin de les rendre autonomes durant leurs durees de vie. Suite a une importante etude bibliographique, nous nous sommes orientes vers la recuperation de lenergie de vibrations mecaniques. Une campagne de mesure nous a alors permis devaluer lenergie disponible dans un certain nombre denvironnements et de dimensionner un systeme qui permette de convertir sur une large bande de frequences cette energie mecanique en energie electrique. Nous avons alors initialise deux realisations ; une premiere macroscopique en tungstene validant le concept et une deuxieme en technologie silicium permettant de miniaturiser le recuperateur denergie afin de le rendre compatible avec les dimensions des capteurs a alimenter. Les premiers essais avec la structure en tungstene ont montre la possibilite de recuperer environ 480 µW pour une excitation a 50 Hz et damplitude 80 µm.
Glioblastoma Multiforme: Exploratory Radiogenomic Analysis by Using Quantitative Image Features (2014)

Radiogenomic approaches in GBM have the potential to predict clinical and molecular characteristics of tumors noninvasively. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
An End-to-End Programmable Testbed for the Experimental Evaluation of Video Streaming at mmWaves (2022)

The harsh propagation environment in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band impacts all the layers of the protocol stack. This calls for full-stack, end-to-end performance evaluation platforms, with programmable lower layers, to enable cross-layer approaches, and with the support for application data traffic and transport protocols. So far, most full-stack mmWave studies have relied on commercial mmWave devices, which have limited insights and programmability at the link level, or on simulations. This paper introduces a fully programmable, software-defined platform for the design, prototyping, and evaluation of the end-to-end application performance at 60 GHz. It extends the NI mmWave Transceiver System (MTS) with real-time video streaming capabilities and a reliable retransmission-based Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. This platform establishes a framework that can be used for the development and evaluation of cross-layer optimization at mmWaves. We evaluate the performance of a video streaming use case with different video bitrates, Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCSs), and link configurations, to showcase the end-to-end, full-stack capabilities of the platform, and discuss the challenges for the support of real-time application traffic over a link with 2 GHz of bandwidth.
Development of radio-frequency identification sensors based on organic electronic sensing materials for selective detection of toxic vapors (2009)

Selective vapor sensors are demonstrated that involve the combination of (1) organic electronic sensing materials with diverse response mechanisms to different vapors and (2) passive 13.56 MHz radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensors with multivariable signal transduction. Intrinsically conducting polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polyaniline (PANI) were applied onto resonant antennas of RFID sensors. These sensing materials are attractive to facilitate the critical evaluation of our sensing concept because they exhibit only partial vapor selectivity and have well understood diverse vapor response mechanisms. The impedance spectra Ž(f) of the RFID antennas were inductively acquired followed by spectral processing of their real Zre(f) and imaginary Zim(f) parts using principal components analysis. The typical measured 1σ noise levels in frequency and impedance magnitude measurements were 60 Hz and 0.025 Ω, respectively. These low noise levels and the high sensitivity of the resonant RFID sensor structures resulted in NH3 determinations with the 3σ detection limit down to 20 ppb. This achieved detection limit was 25–50-fold better over chemoresistor sensors based on PANI films and nanowires.
Structure-guided covalent stabilization of coronavirus spike glycoprotein trimers in the closed conformation (2020)

SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, with 10 million infections and more than 500,000 fatalities by June 2020. To initiate infection, the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein promotes attachment to the host cell surface and fusion of the viral and host membranes. Prefusion SARS-CoV-2 S is the main target of neutralizing antibodies and the focus of vaccine design. However, its limited stability and conformational dynamics are limiting factors for developing countermeasures against this virus. We report here the design of a construct corresponding to the prefusion SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomain trimer, covalently stabilized by a disulfide bond in the closed conformation. Structural and antigenicity analyses show we successfully shut S in the closed state without otherwise altering its architecture. We demonstrate that this strategy is applicable to other β-coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and might become an important tool for structural biology, serology, vaccine design and immunology studies.
Effects of namodenoson on pancreatic carcinoma: Preclinical evidence. (2023)

e15134 Background: Namodenoson, an A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonist, is currently in a phase 3 trial for the treatment of advanced liver cancer. The mechanism of action of namodenoson involves de-regulation of the Wnt and NF-κB signaling pathways, followed by an increase in pro-apoptotic proteins and Fas-ligand, resulting in tumor growth inhibition. As the Wnt signaling pathway is also highly implicated in pancreatic carcinogenesis, we examined the anti-growth effect of namodenoson on pancreatic carcinoma cell lines and investigated the molecular mechanism involved. Methods: BxPC-3 human pancreatic carcinoma cells were cultured in the presence and absence of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 nM namodenoson. A combined treatment of namodenoson (0.1 nM) and gemcitabine (0.2 µM) was also studied. 3 [H]-thymidine proliferation and MTT assays were used to monitor cell growth, and Western blot analyses were performed to identify the involved regulatory cell growth proteins. Results: Results of the 3 [H]-thymidine proliferation assays demonstrated significant dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of BxPC-3 cells with namodenoson (1 nM: 67.4% ± 1.7%, p &lt; 0.001; 0.1 nM: 53.7% ± 6.3%, p &lt; 0.05; 0.01 nM: 27.9 % ± 2.3%, p &lt; 0.005). The MTT results revealed that a combined treatment with namodenoson plus gemcitabine had an additive inhibitory effect (namodenoson: 48.6% ± 1.4%; gemcitabine: 44.4% ± 0.7%; namodenoson plus gemcitabine: 65.4% ± 1.4%; p &lt; 0.001 for all). Western blot analyses showed that namodenoson treatment was associated with downregulation of the Wnt pathway regulatory proteins including p-Akt, NF- κB, GSK-3β, and β-catenin. Conclusions: Our findings showed that nanomolar concentrations of namodenoson inhibit the growth of pancreatic carcinoma via A3AR activation and de-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, both as a monotherapy and in combination with gemcitabine. Thus, these results support a potential role for namodenoson in treating pancreatic cancer, thereby opening a novel therapeutic opportunity for this disease.
Time-Spread Pilot-Based Channel Estimation for Backscatter Networks (2023)

Current backscatter channel estimators employ an inefficient silent pilot transmission protocol, where tags alternate between silent and active states. To enhance performance, we propose a novel approach where tags remain active simultaneously throughout the entire training phase. This enables a one-shot estimation of both the direct and cascaded channels and accommodates various backscatter network configurations. We derive the conditions for optimal pilot sequences and also establish that the minimum variance unbiased (MVU) estimator attains the Cramer-Rao lower bound. Next, we propose new pilot designs to avoid pilot contamination. We then present several linear estimation methods, including least square (LS), scaled LS, and linear minimum mean square error (MMSE), to evaluate the performance of our proposed scheme. We also derive the analytical MMSE estimator using our proposed pilot designs. Furthermore, we adapt our method for cellular-based passive Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with multiple tags and cellular users. Extensive numerical results and simulations are provided to validate the effectiveness of our approach. Notably, at least 10 dBm and 12 dBm power savings compared to the prior art are achieved when estimating the direct and cascaded channels. These findings underscore the practical benefits and superiority of our proposed technique.
Next generation GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonists normalize body weight in obese mice (2022)

These pre-clinical data suggest unimolecular poly-pharmacology as an effective means to target multiple mechanisms contributing to obesity and further implicate GcgR activation as the differentiating factor between incretin receptor mono- or dual-agonists and triagonists.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator in Heart Failure Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction (SOCRATES-PRESERVED) Study (2017)

Vericiguat, in exploratory hypothesis-generating analyses, was associated with clinically important improvements in patients' health status, as assessed by the KCCQ and EQ-5D. Further studies should be conducted to test the hypothesis that vericiguat improves physical functioning and health-related quality of life in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction.
Synthesis and SAR Studies of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamides as Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) Inhibitors (2020)

Herein we report the synthesis, SAR, and biological evaluation of a series of 1<i>H</i>-pyrrolo[2,3-<i>b</i>]pyridine-2-carboxamide derivatives as selective and potent PDE4B inhibitors. Compound <b>11h</b> is a PDE4B preferring inhibitor and exhibited acceptable <i>in vitro</i> ADME and significantly inhibited TNF-α release from macrophages exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli (i.e., lipopolysaccharide and the synthetic bacterial lipopeptide Pam3Cys). In addition, <b>11h</b> was selective against a panel of CNS receptors and represents an excellent lead for further optimization and preclinical testing in the setting of CNS diseases.
Data Reliability Deterioration of Phase-Change Discs Caused by Lowering of Crystallization Speed of Amorphous Marks through a High Environmental Temperature Storage (2002)

We describe details of a data reliability testing procedure of phase-change discs called "overwrite shelf" concerning structural relaxation of recorded amorphous marks in recording film, which should be considered when designing phase-change discs. The overwrite shelf denotes the erase performance of a previously recorded disc. We have found that data subjected to the overwrite shelf operation greatly deteriorates after the disc has been held at a high environmental temperature which is much below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous marks. This is considered to be due to the lowering of the crystallization speed of amorphous marks in phase-change discs through structural relaxation. Therefore, in order to avoid data destruction in the overwrite shelf operation, the crystallization speeds of phase-change discs should be designed to be faster than those expected from the initial properties, to compensate the lowering of crystallization speeds.
The role of genetic interactions in yeast quantitative traits (2015)

Genetic mapping studies of quantitative traits typically focus on detecting loci that contribute additively to trait variation. Genetic interactions are often proposed as a contributing factor to trait variation, but the relative contribution of interactions to trait variation is a subject of debate. Here, we use a very large cross between two yeast strains to accurately estimate the fraction of phenotypic variance due to pairwise QTL-QTL interactions for 20 quantitative traits. We find that this fraction is 9% on average, substantially less than the contribution of additive QTL (43%). Statistically significant QTL-QTL pairs typically have small individual effect sizes, but collectively explain 40% of the pairwise interaction variance. We show that pairwise interaction variance is largely explained by pairs of loci at least one of which has a significant additive effect. These results refine our understanding of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits and help guide future mapping studies.
Interleukin-10 Induces Inhibitory C/EBPβ through STAT-3 and Represses HIV-1 Transcription in Macrophages (2005)

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) has been characterized by inflammation with increased pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages. We have reported that IFN produces inhibitory C/EBPbeta and represses transcription of the HIV-1 LTR in macrophages. STAT-1 and type I IFN receptor knockout mice have macrophages that are defective in IFN signaling, yet LPS stimulation induces inhibitory C/EBPbeta, demonstrating that other cytokines can induce this repressor. LPS or Mycobacterium tuberculosis-derived lipoarabinomannan induce the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10, which represses the HIV-1 LTR in differentiated THP-1 macrophages by inducing inhibitory C/EBPbeta. In contrast, in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes, IL-10 did not inhibit HIV-1 replication or induce C/EBPbeta. IL-10 signal transduction uses STAT-3, and macrophages from STAT-3-/- mice fail to produce inhibitory C/EBPbeta after LPS or IL-10 stimulation. Transfection of STAT-3 into THP-1 cells enhances C/EBPbeta promoter activity. THP-1 differentiation also increases STAT-3 protein, but not STAT-3 gene transcription, and induces a translational regulator, CUG-binding protein, that was essential for production of C/EBPbeta. Differentiation induced post-transcriptional regulation is required to produce inhibitory C/EBPbeta in response to IL-10. Only macrophages are able to repress HIV-1 LTR promoter activity and inhibit viral replication in response to IL-10 or type I IFN.
Femtosecond carrier dynamics in Ge/SiGe quantum wells (2007)

We resolve photoinduced changes in carrier populations of Ge SiGe quantum wells using femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. Absorption transients < 400fs indicate rapid Γ→L intervalley scattering that may explain exciton linewidth and suggest saturable absorber applications.