gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of configuration on transmission of electronic effects in .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of configuration on transmission of electronic effects in .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketonesPeggy J. Duke and David W. Boykin Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 9, 1436–1439Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00974a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00974a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Loss of the epithelial adhesion molecule E-cadherin is thought to enable metastasis by disrupting intercellular contacts—an early step in metastatic dissemination. To further investigate the molecular basis of this notion, we use two methods to inhibit E-cadherin function that distinguish between E-cadherin's cell-cell adhesion and intracellular signaling functions. Whereas the disruption of cell-cell contacts alone does not enable metastasis, the loss of E-cadherin protein does, through induction of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasiveness, and anoikis resistance. We find the E-cadherin binding partner β-catenin to be necessary, but not sufficient, for induction of these phenotypes. In addition, gene expression analysis shows that E-cadherin loss results in the induction of multiple transcription factors, at least one of which, Twist, is necessary for E-cadherin loss–induced metastasis. These findings indicate that E-cadherin loss in tumors contributes to metastatic dissemination by inducing wide-ranging transcriptional and functional changes. [Cancer Res 2008;68(10):3645–53]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Immuno‐Oncology (2021)

Abstract The ability to avoid immune surveillance and destruction is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Identification of ligands that can prevent immune cells from killing malignant cells was the pivotal discovery for which the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded and initiated the current era in cancer immunotherapy. As a result, a number of antibody‐based approaches including checkpoint inhibitors and bispecific antibodies have been explored. More recently, small molecule drugs have emerged as a complementary approach. Small molecules can offer unique advantages over antibody therapies including access to intracellular targets, opportunities for oral dosing, higher relative exposures in the brain, and increased penetration into tumors. This article provides a brief overview of antibody approaches and then summarizes nine immuno‐oncology targets for which small molecule modulators have been described in the peer‐review literature.
RigNeRF: Fully Controllable Neural 3D Portraits (2022)

Volumetric neural rendering methods, such as neural radiance fields (NeRFs), have enabled photo-realistic novel view synthesis. However, in their standard form, NeRFs do not support the editing of objects, such as a human head, within a scene. In this work, we propose RigNeRF, a system that goes beyond just novel view synthesis and enables full control of head pose and facial expressions learned from a single portrait video. We model changes in head pose and facial expressions using a deformation field that is guided by a 3D morphable face model (3DMM). The 3DMM effectively acts as a prior for RigNeRF that learns to predict only residuals to the 3DMM deformations and allows us to render novel (rigid) poses and (non-rigid) expressions that were not present in the input sequence. Using only a smartphone-captured short video of a subject for training, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on free view synthesis of a portrait scene with explicit head pose and expression controls. The project page can be found here: http://shahrukhathar.github.io/2022/06/06/RigNeRF.html
Biochemical Characterization of a Recombinant FIX Drug Candidate for Treatment of Hemophilia B (2010)

Abstract Abstract 4658 Human coagulation factor IX (FIX) is a vitamin-K-dependent coagulation factor whose absence or dysfunction causes hemophilia B. Treatment of hemophilia B is based on replacement therapy using highly purified FIX concentrates. Baxter has developed a recombinant factor IX for treating hemophilia B patients that is produced in a CHO cell-line using a serum and protein-free fermentation technology. The purification process avoids the use of immune-affinity chromatography and includes two viral reduction steps. The final drug product is formulated in the absence of proteins of animal or human origin. Baxter's recombinant FIX resembles commercially available rFIX in most characteristics with the exception of a significantly lower FIXa content, which might improve standardization compared to commercial rFIX products. Preclinical and clinical lots of rFIX were characterized with respect to their hemostatic potency, efficiency of activation by FXIa and FVIIa in the presence of tissue factor, and capacity to bind to phospholipid vesicles. Three lots of commercial rFIX with different potencies and one lot of a plasma-derived FIX product were included in the study. Similarity could be shown between the preclinical and clinical lots of rFIX in all these assays. Furthermore, the functional and biochemical characterization of Baxter's recombinant FIX showed that it resembles the recombinant comparator product. The phase I clinical trial which has been initiated will now have to show whether Baxter's rFIX can become an alternative drug candidate product for treating patients suffering from hemophilia B. Disclosures: Turecek: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Vejda:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Varadi:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Rottensteiner:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Boehm:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Reiter:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Kaliwoda:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Mundt:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Scheiflinger:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment.
Base Station and Relay Station Broadband Network Planning Using Immune Quantum Evolutionary Algorithm (2013)

In this paper, we present simultaneous planning technique for Base Stations (BSs) and Relay Stations (RSs) for a broadband wireless network while taking data flow also known as link flow into consideration. Infrastructure cost (BS cost, RS cost and their operational costs) of a wireless network proves to be a key factor for network service providers while planning a network. The objective of this study is to help determine the set of BSs and RSs that can serve all the subscribed users and fulfill their demands at the lowest cost to the utility firm. This problem setup can be used for laying new networks as well as enhancing the already existing ones. The combinatorial optimization problem at hand is NP-hard in nature. We formulate this problem as a non-linear discrete optimization problem and compare two recent Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) in providing approximate solution to this problem. The Quantum Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm (QEA) is a probabilistic algorithm based on quantum computing with the concept of qubits and superposition of states. The Immune theory based Immune Quantum Evolutionary Algorithm (IQEA) adopts immune operator to raise the fitness and prevent deterioration during the evolutionary process. Simulation results show better performance of IQEA as compared to QEA.
Double Inversion Recovery MRI with Fat Suppression at 7 Tesla: Initial Experience (2009)

DIR is feasible at 7 T despite the problems associated with B(1) in-homogeneity.
A decade of molecular cell atlases (2022)

In recent years there has been tremendous progress towards deep molecular characterization of cell types using single-cell transcriptome sequencing, creating so-called 'cell atlases'. These atlases provide a basic understanding of how different cell types of the same organism - which all share the genome - make distinct use of subsets of genes from the genome to create a variety of distinct cell types across tissues with specialized functions. In this opinion article I discuss some of the history and technological innovations that led to the development of whole-organism atlases.
DOP051 Shorter disease duration is associated with higher response rates to vedolizumab in Crohn’s disease but not ulcerative colitis: a multi-centre consortium analysis (2018)

Crohn’s disease (CD) patients with shorter duration of disease have higher response rates to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-antagonists. Whether improved response in early CD is specific to TNF-antagonists is unknown. We aimed to evaluate response to vedolizumab (VDZ) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients stratified by disease duration. This was a review of a multi-centre, U.S. based consortium of CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) of VDZ treated patients stratified by disease duration: early (≤2 years) vs. late (>2 years). Using time-to-event analyses, we quantified and compared rates of remission: clinical (complete resolution of IBD-related symptoms), steroid-free (on steroids at baseline, tapered off, no repeat steroid-prescription for 4 weeks), and endoscopic (absence of ulcers or erosions) at 6 months between early and late CD and UC. Cox proportional hazards modelling identified predictors of treatment outcomes. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported, with a HR >1 indicating an increased probability of remission. A total of 650 CD patients (58% female, median 37 years of age, 91% anti-TNF exposed, 63% ileocolonic involvement, 68% stricturing or penetrating disease complication history), and 437 UC patients (50% female, median 39 years of age, 67% anti-TNF exposed, 59% pancolitis), were included. Cumulative rates for clinical, steroid-free, and endoscopic remission with VDZ treatment were higher in CD patients with early disease (Table). A similar effect by duration was not seen in UC. On multivariable analysis, after adjusting for phenotype, CRP, albumin, severity, and prior TNF-antagonist exposure, CD patients with shorter duration were significantly more likely to achieve clinical (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.06–2.59), steroid-free (HR 3.39, 95% CI 1.66–6.92), and endoscopic remission (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.06–3.39) vs. CD patients with disease duration >2 years. Treatment response to VDZ in UC patients with shorter disease duration was not significantly different on univariable or multivariable analyses compared with UC patients with longer standing disease. CD patients with early disease (≤2 years) treated with VDZ were significantly more likely to achieve clinical, steroid-free, and endoscopic remission compared with those with disease of longer duration. Impact of disease duration on remission rates with VDZ was not seen in UC patients. Further studies are needed to understand whether early use of VDZ in CD improves longer-term outcomes and prevents disease-related complications.
On Green-Energy-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks (2015)

A green-energy-powered cognitive radio (CR) network is capable of liberating the wireless access networks from spectral and energy constraints. The limitation of the spectrum is alleviated by exploiting cognitive networking in which wireless nodes sense and utilize the spare spectrum for data communications, whereas dependence on the traditional unsustainable energy is assuaged by adopting energy harvesting through which green energy can be harnessed to power wireless networks. Green-energy-powered CR increases the network availability and thus extends emerging network applications. Designing green CR networks is challenging. It requires not only the optimization of dynamic spectrum access but also the optimal utilization of green energy. This paper surveys the energy-efficient CR techniques and the optimization of green-energy-powered wireless networks. Existing works on energy-aware spectrum sensing, management, and sharing are investigated in detail. The state of the art of the energy-efficient CR-based wireless access network is discussed in various aspects, such as relay and cooperative radio and small cells. Envisioning green energy as an important energy resource in the future, network performance highly depends on the dynamics of the available spectrum and green energy. As compared with the traditional energy source, the arrival rate of green energy, which highly depends on the environment of the energy harvesters, is rather random and intermittent. To optimize and adapt the usage of green energy according to the opportunistic spectrum availability, we discuss research challenges in designing CR networks that are powered by energy harvesters.
Investigation of a Prefilming Airblast Atomizer With Respect to Surface Stripping (2015)

One commonly used injection system in gas turbines is the prefilming airblast atomizer which creates a fuel film that should disintegrate at the end of the prefilmer. But under certain conditions droplets are separated from the film before reaching the end of the prefilmer. This phenomenon is called surface stripping. For the investigation of those conditions both an experimental and numerical setup are defined. The experiment measures the film thickness on the prefilmer with the help of the planar laser-induced fluorescence technique. For the numerical investigation the volume of fluid method together with a large eddy simulation of OpenFOAM® 2.1.1 is used. After the validation of the numerical model with the experimental data, the dependency of the mean film thickness from the relative velocity of air and water is investigated. It is shown that first the momentum flux ratio is not sufficient in describing the behavior of the film on the prefilmer and second a critical relative velocity has to be exceeded so that surface stripping can take place. Three flow regimes are observed by increasing the relative velocity: smooth film surface, wavy film surface and surface stripping. Due to the surface stripping the transferred fuel mass into the gas phase is increased rapidly.
Underwater Varifocal Acoustic Mirror (2016)

This paper reports a method to focus sound from a moving source in liquid to a fixed acoustic sensor using a varifocal acoustic mirror made from silicone rubber. A boundary between silicone rubber and air works as an acoustic mirror whose curvature radius can be changed. Simulation results showed that the spherical surface was able to focus sound coming from a point source to a certain point. It was confirmed that a fabricated varifocal acoustic mirror improved the ouptut of an acoustic sensor for different sound source positions. The curvature radius of the acoustic mirror corresponding to the maximum sensor output conformed to the value calculated using a theoretical equation. The sound pressure where the sensor was positioned became at most 12 times larger than that without the acoustic mirror.
Efficient Game-Theoretic Planning with Prediction Heuristic for Socially-Compliant Autonomous Driving (2022)

Planning under social interactions with other agents is an essential problem for autonomous driving. As the actions of the autonomous vehicle in the interactions affect and are also affected by other agents, autonomous vehicles need to efficiently infer the reaction of the other agents. Most existing approaches formulate the problem as a generalized Nash equilibrium problem solved by optimization-based methods. However, they demand too much computational resource and easily fall into the local minimum due to the non-convexity. Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) successfully tackles such issues in game-theoretic problems. However, as the interaction game tree grows exponentially, the general MCTS still requires a huge amount of iterations to reach the optima. In this paper, we introduce an efficient game-theoretic trajectory planning algorithm based on general MCTS by incorporating a prediction algorithm as a heuristic. On top of it, a social-compliant reward and a Bayesian inference algorithm are designed to generate diverse driving behaviors and identify the other driver's driving preference. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework with datasets containing naturalistic driving behavior in highly interactive scenarios.
Simultaneous Distillation−Extraction:  Theoretical Model and Development of a Preparative Unit (1997)

Simultaneous distillation−extraction (SDE) is routinely used by analysts for sample preparation prior to gas chromatography. As the GC profile of the isolated volatiles must be representative of the original sample, the limits of SDE applicability should be known. In this paper, an equation which agrees very well with the experimental rate of pyridine recovery is proposed. Consequently, the influence of various operating parameters can be simulated. In addition, the recovery of a given molecule can be deduced from its relative volatility and water/solvent partition coefficient. A new preparative device was developed on the basis of these observations. It allows the isolation of volatiles from a matrix at atmospheric pressure, or under vacuum, at room temperature. Therefore, the formation of thermal artifacts is reduced. A distillation column was added in the solvent side to limit possible redistillation. Extraction and separation steps were separated, and the extraction efficiency was improved to increase recovery rates.
Table 1 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Descriptive statistics of patients with a cancer diagnosis stratified according to mCA status.&lt;/p&gt;
Spline Waveforms and Interference Analysis for 5G Random Access with Short Message Support (2015)

One of the main drivers for new waveforms in future 5G wireless communication systems is to handle efficiently the variety of traffic types and requirements. In this paper, we introduce a new random access within the standard acquisition procedures to support sporadic traffic as an enabler of the Internet of Things (IoT). The major challenge hereby is to cope with the highly asynchronous access of different devices and to allow transmission of control signaling and payload "in one shot". We address this challenge by using a waveform design approach based on bi-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing where transmit orthogonality is replaced in favor of better temporal and spectral properties. We show that this approach allows data transmission in frequencies that otherwise have to remain unused. More precisely, we utilize frequencies previously used as guard bands, located towards the standard synchronous communication pipes as well as in between the typically small amount of resources used by each IoT device. We demonstrate the superiority of this waveform approach over the conventional random access using a novel mathematical approach and numerical experiments.
Rectified Gaussian Scale Mixtures and the Sparse Non-Negative Least\n Squares Problem (2016)

In this paper, we develop a Bayesian evidence maximization framework to solve\nthe sparse non-negative least squares (S-NNLS) problem. We introduce a family\nof probability densities referred to as the Rectified Gaussian Scale Mixture\n(R- GSM) to model the sparsity enforcing prior distribution for the solution.\nThe R-GSM prior encompasses a variety of heavy-tailed densities such as the\nrectified Laplacian and rectified Student- t distributions with a proper choice\nof the mixing density. We utilize the hierarchical representation induced by\nthe R-GSM prior and develop an evidence maximization framework based on the\nExpectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. Using the EM based method, we estimate\nthe hyper-parameters and obtain a point estimate for the solution. We refer to\nthe proposed method as rectified sparse Bayesian learning (R-SBL). We provide\nfour R- SBL variants that offer a range of options for computational complexity\nand the quality of the E-step computation. These methods include the Markov\nchain Monte Carlo EM, linear minimum mean-square-error estimation, approximate\nmessage passing and a diagonal approximation. Using numerical experiments, we\nshow that the proposed R-SBL method outperforms existing S-NNLS solvers in\nterms of both signal and support recovery performance, and is also very robust\nagainst the structure of the design matrix.\n
A Novel Role for Tumor Necrosis Factor–Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK) in the Development of Cardiac Dysfunction and Failure (2009)

Our data suggest that TWEAK/Fn14 may be important in regulating myocardial structural remodeling and function and may play a role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Enabling hierarchical and bulk-distribution for watermarked content (2005)

One of the solutions to deter copyright violations consists of embedding hard to detect watermarks in digital media. Current developments have focused on how to embed watermarks, and on one-to-one exchanges on how to securely convey tagged data to the end consumer Assuming a large customer base or predistributed media, it may become prohibitively expensive or time consuming to tag each separate copy of data individually before it is delivered to the customer We present two mechanisms that allow the preparation and distribution of tagged data in a more scalable way than existing approaches. The first one, called hierarchical tagging, is preferable for on-line multi-level distribution, where producer and consumer are not in direct contact, but intermediate agents provide distribution channels and sales platforms. The second method is well Suited to pre-produced bulk-media distribution (such as through CDROMs or DVDs), with only small amounts of on-line information being transferred to each consumer We call it bulk-tagging.
Acoustical investigation of poly(dA).poly(dT), poly[d(A-T)].poly[d(A-T)], poly(A) . poly(U) and DNA hydration in dilute aqueous solutions (1989)

Apparent molar adiabatic compressibilities and apparent molar volumes of poly[d(A-T)].poly[d(A-T)], poly(dA).poly(dT), DNA and poly(A).poly(U) in aqueous solutions were determined at 1 degree C. The change of concentration increment of the ultrasonic velocity upon replacing counter ion Cs+ by the Mg2+ ion was also determined for these polymers. The following conclusions have been made: (1) the hydration of the double helix of poly(dA).poly(dT) is remarkably larger than that of other polynucleotides; (2) the hydration of the AT pair in the B-form DNA is larger than that of the GC pair; (3) the substitution of Cs+ for Mg2+ ions as counter ions results in a decrease of hydration of the system polynucleotide plus Mg2+, and (4) the magnitude of this dehydration depends on the nucleotide sequence; the following rule is true: the lesser is a polynucleotide hydration, the larger dehydration upon changing Cs+ for Mg2+ ions in the ionic atmosphere of polynucleotide.