gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero Tail Filter Bank Spread OFDM (2016)

Waveforms proposed for future communication systems aim at fulfilling the demanding requirements of the next generation of 5G applications. In this paper, an enhancement over Zero Tail Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (ZT DFT-S-OFDM) is proposed. The presented Zero Tail Filter Bank Spread OFDM (ZT FB-S-OFDM) replaces the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) block with a filter bank (FB) block. The performance of the conventional system is degraded due to the non-perfect zero-tails. The proposed system suppresses the power over the zero-tails by using raised cosine (RC) shaped pulses near the zero-tails. An implementation scheme for the transmitter and the receiver is proposed. It is shown that suppressing the power over the zero-tail enhances the system bit error rate (BER) performance. Furthermore, results show extra improvements in the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and out-of-band emission (OOBE) performances.
Target‐Activated DNA Polymerase Activity for Sensitive RNase H Activity Assay (2019)

Herein, the ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity assay based on the target-activated DNA polymerase activity is described. In this method, a detection probe composed of two functional sequences, a binding site for DNA polymerase and a catalytic substrate for RNase H, serves as a key component. The detection probe, at its initial state, suppresses the DNA polymerase activity, but it becomes destabilized by RNase H, which specifically hydrolyzes RNA in RNA/DNA hybrid duplexes. As a result, DNA polymerase recovers its activity and initiates multiple primer extension reactions in a separate TaqMan probe-based signal transduction module, leading to a significantly enhanced fluorescence "turn-on" signal. This assay can detect RNase H activity as low as 0.016 U mL<sup>-1</sup> under optimized conditions. Furthermore, its potential use for evaluating RNase H inhibitors, which have been considered potential therapeutic agents against acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is successfully explored. In summary, this approach is quite promising for the sensitive and accurate determination of enzyme activity and inhibitor screening.
Repurposing the Electron Transfer Reactant Phenazine Methosulfate (PMS) for the Apoptotic Elimination of Malignant Melanoma Cells through Induction of Lethal Oxidative and Mitochondriotoxic Stress (2019)

Redox-directed pharmacophores have shown potential for the apoptotic elimination of cancer cells through chemotherapeutic induction of oxidative stress. Phenazine methosulfate (PMS), a N-alkylphenazinium cation-based redox cycler, is used widely as an electron transfer reactant coupling NAD(P)H generation to the reduction of tetrazolium salts in biochemical cell viability assays. Here, we have explored feasibility of repurposing the redox cycler PMS as a superoxide generating chemotherapeutic for the pro-oxidant induction of cancer cell apoptosis. In a panel of malignant human melanoma cells (A375, G361, LOX), low micromolar concentrations of PMS (1-10 μM, 24 h) displayed pronounced apoptogenicity as detected by annexin V-ITC/propidium iodide flow cytometry, and PMS-induced cell death was suppressed by antioxidant (NAC) or pan-caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk) cotreatment. Gene expression array analysis in A375 melanoma cells (PMS, 10 µM; 6 h) revealed transcriptional upregulation of heat shock (<i>HSPA6</i>, <i>HSPA1A</i>), oxidative (<i>HMOX1</i>) and genotoxic (<i>EGR1</i>, <i>GADD45A</i>) stress responses, confirmed by immunoblot detection demonstrating upregulation of redox regulators (NRF2, HO-1, HSP70) and modulation of pro- (BAX, PUMA) and anti-apoptotic factors (Bcl-2, Mcl-1). PMS-induced oxidative stress and glutathione depletion preceded induction of apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, the mitochondrial origin of PMS-induced superoxide production was substantiated by MitoSOX-Red live cell fluorescence imaging, and PMS-induced mitochondriotoxicity (as evidenced by diminished transmembrane potential and oxygen consumption rate) was observable at early time points. After demonstrating NADPH-driven (SOD-suppressible) superoxide radical anion generation by PMS employing a chemical NBT reduction assay, PMS-induction of oxidative genotoxic stress was substantiated by quantitative Comet analysis that confirmed the introduction of formamido-pyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-sensitive oxidative DNA lesions in A375 melanoma cells. Taken together, these data suggest feasibility of repurposing the biochemical reactant PMS as an experimental pro-oxidant targeting mitochondrial integrity and redox homeostasis for the apoptotic elimination of malignant melanoma cells.
The PA Protein Directly Contributes to the Virulence of H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses in Domestic Ducks (2010)

During their circulation in nature, H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have acquired the ability to kill their natural hosts, wild birds and ducks. The genetic determinants for this increased virulence are largely unknown. In this study, we compared two genetically similar H5N1 AIVs, A/duck/Hubei/49/05 (DK/49) and A/goose/Hubei/65/05 (GS/65), that are lethal for chickens but differ in their virulence levels in ducks. To explore the genetic basis for this difference in virulence, we generated a series of reassortants and mutants of these two viruses. The virulence of the reassortant bearing the PA gene from DK/49 in the GS/65 background increased 10(5)-fold relative to that of the GS/65 virus. Substitution of two amino acids, S224P and N383D, in PA contributed to the highly virulent phenotype. The amino acid 224P in PA increased the replication of the virus in duck embryo fibroblasts, and the amino acid 383D in PA increased the polymerase activity in duck embryo fibroblasts and delayed the accumulation of the PA and PB1 polymerase subunits in the nucleus of virus-infected cells. Our results provide strong evidence that the polymerase PA subunit is a virulence factor for H5N1 AIVs in ducks.
Optical Control of Photon-Pair Entanglement from a Semiconductor Quantum Dot (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Muller, W. Fang, J. Lawall, and G. S. Solomon, "Optical control of photon-pair entanglement from a semiconductor quantum dot," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper IThE3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Comparative Immunochemical Analyses of the Developmental Expression and Distribution of Ameloblastin and Amelogenin in Rat Incisors (1998)

Mineralized tissues are unique in using proteins to attract and organize calcium and phosphate ions into a structured mineral phase. A precise knowledge of the expression and extracellular distribution of matrix proteins is therefore very important in understanding their function. The purpose of this investigation was to obtain comparative information on the expression, intracellular and extracellular distribution, and dynamics of proteins representative of the two main classes of enamel matrix proteins. Amelogenins were visualized using an antibody and an mRNA probe prepared against the major alternatively spliced isoform in rodents, and nonamelogenins by antibodies and mRNA probes specific to one enamel protein referred to by three names: ameloblastin, amelin, and sheathlin. Qualitative and quantitative immunocytochemistry, in combination with immunoblotting and in situ hybridization, indicated a correlation between mRNA signal and sites of protein secretion for amelogenin, but not for ameloblastin, during the early presecretory and mid- to late maturation stages, during which mRNA signals were detected but no proteins appeared to be secreted. Extracellular amelogenin immunoreactivity was generally weak near secretory surfaces, increasing over a distance of about 1.25 microm to reach a level slightly above an amount expected if the protein were being deposited evenly across the enamel layer. Immunolabeling for ameloblastin showed an inverse pattern, with relatively more gold particles near secretory surfaces and much fewer deeper into the enamel layer. Administration of brefeldin A and cycloheximide to stop protein secretion revealed that the immunoblotting pattern of amelogenin was relatively stable, whereas ameloblastin broke down rapidly into lower molecular weight fragments. The distance from the cell surface at which immunolabeling for amelogenin stabilized generally corresponded to the point at which that for ameloblastin started to show a net reduction. These data suggest a correlation between the distribution of amelogenin and ameloblastin and that intact ameloblastin has a transient role in promoting/stabilizing crystal elongation. (J Histochem Cytochem 46:911-934, 1998)
Isomerization behavior of fulgide-type photochromic compounds upon X-ray irradiation (2019)

Abstract We fabricated poly(methyl methacrylate)-besed films containing Aberchrome 670 (Ab670) and investigated the isomerization behavior of the Ab670 upon X-ray irradiation with the aim of developing a tissue-equivalent and non-disposable radiation imaging element. The effect of the addition of the organic phosphor 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was also studied. The absorption peak around 520 nm increased upon UV irradiation and that around 490 nm increased upon X-ray irradiation, while an additional irreversible reaction was also observed. These results suggest that the photochromic reaction and the other reaction proceeded simultaneously, triggered by X-ray irradiation.
Dual orexin receptor antagonists show distinct effects on locomotor performance, ethanol interaction and sleep architecture relative to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptor modulators (2013)

Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) are a potential treatment for insomnia that function by blocking both the orexin 1 and orexin 2 receptors. The objective of the current study was to further confirm the impact of therapeutic mechanisms targeting insomnia on locomotor coordination and ethanol interaction using DORAs and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor modulators of distinct chemical structure and pharmacological properties in the context of sleep-promoting potential. The current study compared rat motor co-ordination after administration of DORAs, DORA-12 and almorexant, and GABA-A receptor modulators, zolpidem, eszopiclone, and diazepam, alone or each in combination with ethanol. Motor performance was assessed by measuring time spent walking on a rotarod apparatus. Zolpidem, eszopiclone and diazepam [0.3-30 mg/kg administered orally (PO)] impaired rotarod performance in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, all three GABA-A receptor modulators potentiated ethanol- (0.25-1.5 g/kg) induced impairment on the rotarod. By contrast, neither DORA-12 (10-100 mg/kg, PO) nor almorexant (30-300 mg/kg, PO) impaired motor performance alone or in combination with ethanol. In addition, distinct differences in sleep architecture were observed between ethanol, GABA-A receptor modulators (zolpidem, eszopiclone, and diazepam) and DORA-12 in electroencephalogram studies in rats. These findings provide further evidence that orexin receptor antagonists have an improved motor side-effect profile compared with currently available sleep-promoting agents based on preclinical data and strengthen the rationale for further evaluation of these agents in clinical development.
Computing Needs For High Resolution Synthetic Images (1989)

Over the past ten years, a number of projects for motion picture and theme park use have been produced using synthetic computer generated imagery. These images have been produced for the media of standard 35mm Academy aperture, full aperture, VistaVision, 65mm five perforation, and dual strip 65mm 3D stereoscopic.
ATP induces proliferation and neuroprotection in Swiss Webster mouse olfactory epithelium (2008)

The olfactory epithelium (OE) is a good model to study neuroregeneration. Throughout life, progenitor cells proliferate, differentiate into neurons, and undergo apoptosis. In the CNS, ATP activation of purinergic receptors (P2R) induces proliferation. We tested the hypothesis that ATP can initiate proliferation in the OE. We measured BrdU incorporation in neonatal OE slices and adult mice 48 hours following treatment with ATP or ATPγS and/or P2R antagonists PPADS + suramin. Mice treated intranasally with ATPγS had significantly more BrdU‐immunoreactive cells compared to control. Pre‐treatment with P2R antagonists reduced the ATP‐induced BrdU incorporation to control levels. Similar results were obtained with OE slices. These data suggest that P2R activation induces proliferation. To determine if the proliferation is related to cell survival, OE slices were treated with ATP or suramin and exposed to CaspACE FITC‐VAD‐FMK, a marker for activated caspase‐3. 18 hr exposure to ATP decreased apoptosis, and suramin increased apoptosis, reversing the protective effect of ATP. These data suggest that ATP and P2R activation have a proliferative and a protective effect in the OE. Supported by NIDCD DC006897.
Optical Pickup for Recording to Dual-layer High-speed Blu-ray Disc (2007)

A compact BD optical system with high light use efficiency that enables high-speed recording to a dual-layer BD is reviewed. It also achieves stable tracking-error detection on a dual-layer BD using a stray-light-free one-beam method.
Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Sialylated Glycans with Use of Solid-Phase Labeling of Sialic Acids (2013)

The analysis of sialylated glycans is critical for understanding the role of sialic acid in normal biological processes as well as in disease. However, the labile nature of sialic acid typically renders routine analysis of this monosaccharide by mass spectrometric methods difficult. To overcome this difficulty we pursued derivatization methodologies, extending established acetohydrazide approaches to aniline-based methods, and finally to optimized p-toluidine derivatization. This new quantitative glycoform profiling method with use of MALDI-TOF in positive ion mode was validated by first comparing N-glycans isolated from fetuin and serum and was then exploited to analyze the effects of increased metabolic flux through the sialic acid pathway in SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells by using a colabeling strategy with light and heavy toluidine. The latter results established that metabolic flux, in a complementary manner to the more well-known impact of sialyltransferase expression, can critically modulate the sialylation of specific glycans while leaving others virtually unchanged.
First demonstration of two-dimensional WS<inf>2</inf> transistors exhibiting 10<sup>5</sup> room temperature modulation and ambipolar behavior (2012)

Two-dimensional (2D) WS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> transistors were fabricated and characterized for the first time from chemically-synthesized material. Raman measurements confirm the 2D crystal nature of the material, and the presence of a bandgap leads to high on/off current ratios and current saturation in the transistors at room temperature. In addition, the observed photoresponse of the 2D layered semiconductor can enable optical device applications.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Distinct Subtypes of Gastric Cancer Defined by Molecular Characterization Include Novel Mutational Signatures with Prognostic Capability (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fig. S2: Prognostic significance of C1/2.&lt;/p&gt;
Electroreduction of Benzaldehyde with a Metal–Ligand Bifunctional Hydroxycyclopentadienyl Molybdenum(II) Hydride (2020)

An electrocatalytic system for the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol and dibenzyl ether is described. The molybdenum hydride (C5Ph4OH)Mo(CO)3(H) (3) is shown to be the actively hydrogenating species. This hydride is demonstrated to be remarkably acid-stable, leading to a ca. 67% Faradaic efficiency for aldehyde reduction over hydrogen evolution despite strongly acidic and reducing conditions. Hydride 3 is prepared via 1-proton-2-electron reduction of cation [(C5Ph4OH)Mo(CO)3(CH3CN)][OTf] ([2][OTf]), which is generated by protonation of the Mo(0) precursor [(C5Ph4O)Mo(CO)3(L)](1).
613 HER2-XPAT, a novel protease-activatable prodrug T cell engager (TCE), with potent T-cell activation and efficacy in solid tumors and large predicted safety margins in non-human primate (NHP) (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> TCEs are effective in leukemias but have been challenging in solid tumors due to on-target, off-tumor toxicity. Attempts to circumvent CRS include step-up dosing and/or complex designs but are unsuccessful due to toxicity and/or enhanced immunogenicity. HER2-<b>XPAT</b>, or <b>X</b>TENylated <b>P</b>rotease-<b>A</b>ctivated bispecific <b>T</b>-Cell Engager, is a prodrug TCE that exploits the protease activity present in tumors vs. healthy tissue to expand the therapeutic index (TI). The core of the HER2-XPAT (PAT) consists of 2 tandem scFvs targeting CD3 and HER2. Attached to the core, two unstructured polypeptide masks (XTEN) sterically reduce target engagement and extend T1/2. Protease cleavage sites at the base of the XTEN masks enable proteolytic activation of XPATs in the tumor microenvironment, unleashing a potent TCE with short T1/2, further improving the TI. HER2-XPAT, a tumor protease-activatable prodrug with wide safety margins, can co-opt T-cells regardless of antigenic specificity to induce T-cell killing of HER2+ tumors. <h3>Methods</h3> Preclinical studies were conducted to characterize the activity of HER2-<b>XPAT</b>, HER2-<b>PAT</b> (cleaved XPAT), and HER2-NonClv (a non-cleavable XPAT) for cytotoxicity in vitro, for anti-tumor efficacy in xenograft models, and for safety in NHPs. <h3>Results</h3> HER2-<b>PAT</b> demonstrated potent in vitro T-cell cytotoxicity (EC50 1-2pM) and target-dependent T-cell activation and cytokine production by hPBMCs. HER2-<b>XPAT</b> provided up to 14,000-fold protection against killing of HER2 tumor cells and no cytotoxicity against cardiomyocytes up to 1uM. In vivo, HER2-<b>XPAT</b> induced complete tumor regressions in BT-474 tumors with equimolar dosing to HER2-<b>PAT</b>, whereas HER2-NonClv had no efficacy, supporting requirement of protease cleavage for T-cell activity. In NHP, HER2-<b>XPAT</b> has been dose-escalated safely up to 42mg/kg (MTD). HER2-<b>XPAT</b> demonstrated early T-cell margination at 2 mg/kg but largely spared CRS, cytokine production, and tissue toxicity up to 42 mg/kg. PK profiles of HER2-<b>XPAT</b> and HER2-NonClv were comparable, consistent with ex vivo stability for cleavage when incubated in cancer pts plasma for 7 days at 37°C. HER2-<b>PAT</b> by continuous infusion induced lethal CRS and cytokine spikes at 0.3 mg/kg/d but was tolerated at 0.25 mg/kg/d, providing HER2-<b>XPAT</b> with &gt;1300-fold protection in tolerability vs. HER2-<b>PAT</b>, &gt;4 logs over cytotoxicity EC50s for HER2 cell lines, and a 20-fold safety margin over the dose required for pharmacodynamic activity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> HER2-<b>XPAT</b> is a potent prodrug TCE with no CRS and a wide TI based on NHPs. With XTEN’s clinical data demonstrating low immunogenicity, the XPATs are a promising solution. IND studies are ongoing. Additional PK/PD, cytokines, safety, and efficacy data will be presented.
Lanthanoiden‐Komplexe, V[1]. Strukturchemie ein‐ und zweikerniger Seltenerdalkoxide (1993)

Complexes of the Lanthanides, V [1] .–Structural Chemistry of Monomeric and Dimeric Rare Earth Alkoxides The first sublimable monomeric yttrium „CH‐alkoxide”︁ Y[OC‐( i Pr)( t Bu) 2 ] 3 ( 3 ) is obtained by the reaction of „CH‐alcohol”︁ HOC i Pr( t Bu) 2 („H‐proditox”︁, 1 ) with Y[N(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 3 ( 2 ). The importance of metal‐ion size and ligand sphere for nucleation is demonstrated for the system „Ln/ditox/acetonitrile”︁. The crystal structure data of dimeric 4 (Ln=Nd) and monomeric 5 (Ln=Dy) once again support the ionic nature of lanthanide alkoxide complexes.
XMPP for cloud computing in bioinformatics supporting discovery and invocation of asynchronous web services (2009)

XMPP with its extensions is a powerful protocol for cloud services that demonstrate several advantages over traditional HTTP-based Web services: 1) services are discoverable without the need of an external registry, 2) asynchronous invocation eliminates the need for ad-hoc solutions like polling, and 3) input and output types defined in the service allows for generation of clients on the fly without the need of an external semantics description. The many advantages over existing technologies make XMPP a highly interesting candidate for next generation online services in bioinformatics.
Tetraarylphosphonium Salts as Soluble Supports for Oxidative Catalysts and Reagents (2009)

Tetraarylphosphonium (TAP)-supported DMSO, TEMPO, and DIB reagents were synthesized and used for the oxidation of alcohols, including Swern oxidation and for the alpha-acetoxylation of ketones. By taking advantage of the predictable solubility properties of the TAP unit, simple precipitation and filtration of the phosphonium moiety permit complete separation of the desired oxidation products. This paper describes the preparation of these three TAP-supported oxidative reagents and their activity in the aforementioned oxidative transformations. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that these reagents can be recycled directly when used in catalytic processes and following regeneration when used in stoichiometric processes.
Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) on Constrained Optimization Problems. (2019)

Abstract not provided.
A 1.7mm<sup>3</sup> MEMS-on-CMOS tactile sensor using human-inspired autonomous common bus communication (2013)

A bus-connected tactile sensor system composed of MEMS-CMOS integrated force sensors was developed. A capacitance-to-digital convertor for force sensing, a data reduction processor and a serial bus communication controller are implemented by a laboratory-designed ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). These functions enable the tactile sensor to be connected with a serial bus cable, and to autonomously transmit sensing data using CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) protocol. By applying a novel MEMS-CMOS integration technology, the integrated tactile sensor can be directly mounted on a flexible printed circuit board. The chip size is 2.54mm × 2.54mm × 0.27mm, i.e. 1.7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , and there are 20 through-silicon interconnection using saw-diced lateral tapered grooves. The digital data from the completed tactile sensor contains 32 bit force sensing data, which corresponds to an external force linearly. Data reduction processing based on threshold operation and adaptation inspired by tactile receptors was carried out to overcome packet collision problem. Finally, the serial bus network was demonstrated using three sensors to evaluate the network performance.
Single‐view modelling of free‐form scenes (2002)

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach for reconstructing free‐form, texture‐mapped, 3D scene models from a single painting or photograph. Given a sparse set of user‐specified constraints on the local shape of the scene, a smooth 3D surface that satisfies the constraints is generated. This problem is formulated as a constrained variational optimization problem. In contrast to previous work in single‐view reconstruction, our technique enables high‐quality reconstructions of free‐form curved surfaces with arbitrary reflectance properties. A key feature of the approach is a novel hierarchical transformation technique for accelerating convergence on a non‐uniform, piecewise continuous grid. The technique is interactive and updates the model in real time as constraints are added, allowing fast reconstruction of photorealistic scene models. The approach is shown to yield high‐quality results on a large variety of images. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.