gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential cellular localization of CELSR2 and ING4 and correlations with hormone receptor status in breast cancer. (2018)

CELSR2 is postulated to be a receptor involved in contact-mediated communication; however, its expression and function in cancer remain unknown. ING4 is a tumor suppresor encoded by the ING4 gene which inhibits cell growth. The expression of CELSR2 and ING4 in breast tumors and in benign epithelial cells have been analyzed and correlated with HER2, ER, and PR status. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of CELSR2 and ING4 protein in breast tumors and benign epithelial cells. The differential cellular localization of both markers was analyzed and results were also correlated with HER2, ER, and PR status. CELSR2 and ING4 cytoplasmic expression was significantly stronger in tumors than in benign epithelial cells, while the nuclear expression of both markers was significantly stronger in benign epithelial cells than in tumors. When comparing the two markers in the same type of tissues, the nuclear expression of CELSR2 was significantly stronger than cytoplasmic in benign epithelial cells, while there was no significant difference in the cellular localization of CELSR2 in tumors. For ING4, the cytoplasmic expression was significantly stronger than nuclear expression in tumors, while in benign epithelial cells, ING4 was expressed at similar levels in both compartments. There was no correlation between CELSR2 expression and HER2, ER, and PR status in tumors. However, the cytoplasmic expression of ING4 was associated with HER2 positivity in tumors. Both CELSR2 and ING4 display increased cytoplasmic staining in breast cancer cells compared to benign epithelium, suggesting a possible role of both genes in the pathogenesis of human mammary neoplasia.
Power-oriented bus encoding for data transmission (2023)

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for reducing the toggle rates on buses are disclosed. A computing system includes a source which provides packets for transmission on a bus. The packet is compressed by a compression engine. The compressed data format of the packet includes locations (bit positions) referred to as holes which do not include valid data. A bus configuration module identifies the locations of the holes and replaces the holes with information from a previous packet transmitted earlier on the bus. The bus configuration module also determines a new transmission bus width for the packet for lowering the bus toggle rate on the bus during transmission.
Four Years of Follow-Up of 1027 Patients with Late Chronic Phase (L-CP), Accelerated Phase (AP), or Blast Crisis (BC) Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Treated with Imatinib in Three Large Phase II Trials. (2004)

Abstract Background This report updates the results of 3 large phase II studies of the orally available BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib for patients (pts) in AP, BC and late chronic phase (L-CP) CML failing prior interferon therapy (Kantarjan et al, ASH 2003; Talpaz et al, ASH 2003). Methods Between August 1999 and June 2000, 1027 pts were enrolled in phase II trials for CML in L-CP (n=532), AP (n=235) or BC (n=260). Pts in L-CP were treated with 400 mg/day and pts in AP or BC with either 400 or 600 mg/day. Dose escalation up to 800 mg/d was allowed in the late-chronic phase study. Pts with a confirmed diagnosis of AP (n=181), BC (n=229) and late-chronic phase (n=454) were evaluated for efficacy. All pts were evaluated for safety. The median time from initial diagnosis to study entry was 32 months for L-CP pts. Results As of 31-Jul-03, 5% patients with BC, 25% of CML-AP and 64% of L-CP patients still remain on treatment. At the recommended dose of 600 mg, an estimated 40% (AP) and 7% (BC) of patients remained progression-free at 36 months, and an estimated 55% (AP) and 14% (BC) patients were alive at 36 months after initiation of imatinib. The 3-year survival rates for pts with AP with a major cytogenetic response at 3 months were 85% vs. 52% for pts with no response (p&lt;0.001). In L-CP patients with a median follow-up of 40 months, 65% of patients achieved a major cytogenetic response, which was complete in 52%. The cytogenetic responses were durable with an estimated 82% of the pts in continuos major cytogenetic response at 3 years. The estimated rates of progression-free survival and overall survival at 3 years were 80% and 88%. Pts with at least a minor cytogenetic response at 6 months ≤65% Ph+ cells) had an estimated 3-year survival rate of 96% vs. 86% for pts with a ( minimal response and 81% for pts with no cytogenetic response (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion In large phase II studies, continuous imatinib treatment is safe and has improved progression-free survival of patients at all stages of CML. Responses to imatinib are durable and are predictive of long-term outcomes. These results will be further updated at the meeting using a data base lock planned for 20-Sept-04 (using data collected up to 31-July-04, i.e. more than 4 years after the last pts enrollment).
Fas/Apo [apoptosis]-1 and associated proteins in the differentiating cerebral cortex: induction of caspase-dependent cell death and activation of NF-kappaB. (1999)

The developing cerebral cortex undergoes a period of substantial cell death. The present studies examine the role of the suicide receptor Fas/Apo[apoptosis]-1 in cerebral cortical development. Fas mRNA and protein are transiently expressed in subsets of cells within the developing rat cerebral cortex during the peak period of apoptosis. Fas-immunoreactive cells were localized in close proximity to Fas ligand (FasL)-expressing cells. The Fas-associated signaling protein receptor interacting protein (RIP) was expressed by some Fas-expressing cells, whereas Fas-associated death domain (FADD) was undetectable in the early postnatal cerebral cortex. FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP), an inhibitor of Fas activation, was also expressed in the postnatal cerebral cortex. Fas expression was more ubiquitous in embryonic cortical neuroblasts in dissociated culture compared to in situ within the developing brain, suggesting that the environmental milieu partly suppresses Fas expression at this developmental stage. Furthermore, FADD, RIP, and FLIP were also expressed by subsets of dissociated cortical neuroblasts in culture. Fas activation by ligand (FasL) or anti-Fas antibody induced caspase-dependent cell death in primary embryonic cortical neuroblast cultures. The activation of Fas was also accompanied by a rapid downregulation of Fas receptor expression, non-cell cycle-related incorporation of nucleic acids and nuclear translocation of the RelA/p65 subunit of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Together, these data suggest that adult cortical cell number may be established, in part, by an active process of receptor-mediated cell suicide, initiated in situ by killer (FasL-expressing) cells and that Fas may have functions in addition to suicide in the developing brain.
The E3 Ubiquitin Ligases HRD1 and SCFFbs2 Recognize the Protein Moiety and Sugar Chains, Respectively, of an ER‐Associated Degradation Substrate (2006)

Abstract Several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been identified that participate in endoplasmic reticulum‐associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded membrane and secretory proteins. Sometimes two ligases were shown to share the same substrate. However, it is not known whether they recognize the same structural determinants and constitute alternative pathways for ubiquitination or if they can act sequentially on different determinants on the substrate. Here we have analyzed in cells in vivo interactions of the recently identified mammalian HRD1 and SCF Fbs2 with a model ERAD substrate, uncleaved precursor of asialoglycoprotein receptor H2a, and their involvement in its degradation. As Fbs2 had been shown to bind sugar chains, we studied the influence of glycosylation of the substrate by analyzing the effect of dominant negative mutants of HRD1 and Fbs2 on ERAD of H2a and of a mutant lacking all three of its glycosylation sites. Both HRD1 and Fbs2 were found to associate with H2a, and their mutants inhibited its degradation, but only dominant negative HRD1 blocked the degradation of the unglycosylated version of H2a. This suggests a cooperative action of the two ligases that target the glycans (Fbs2) and a protein motif (HRD1). In addition, our results suggest the need for retrotranslocation of the luminal glycosylated domain of the substrate prior to interaction with cytosolic Fbs2.
Ultralow-loss silicon ring resonators (2012)

We experimentally demonstrate silicon ring resonators with internal quality factors of Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> =2.2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> , corresponding to record 2.7-dB/m losses. We show that the losses are bend-loss-limited, indicating that the loss limit for silicon has not been reached.
2-D Bayesian deconvolution (1991)

Abstract Inverse problems can be solved in different ways. One way is to define natural criteria of good recovery and build an objective function to be minimized. If, instead, we prefer a Bayesian approach, inversion can be formulated as an estimation problem where a priori information is introduced and the a posteriori distribution of the unobserved variables is maximized. When this distribution is a Gibbs distribution, these two methods are equivalent. Furthermore, global optimization of the objective function can be performed with a Monte Carlo technique, in spite of the presence of numerous local minima.Application to multitrace deconvolution is proposed. In traditional 1-D deconvolution, a set of unidimensional processes models the seismic data, while a Markov random field is used for 2-D deconvolution. In fact, the introduction of a neighborhood system permits one to model the layer structure that exists in the earth and to obtain solutions that present lateral coherency. Moreover, optimization of an appropriated objective function by simulated annealing allows one to control the fit with the input data as well as the spatial distribution of the reflectors. Extension to 3-D deconvolution is straightforward
The oxidation of norbornadiene and some derivatives using Pseudomonas sp. (1990)

Norbornadiene is oxidized by a Pseudomonad to give the diol (2)(35%) while 7-phenylnorbornadiene furnishes 3-norbornadienylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol (10)(41%) on incubation with the same organism; cyclization reactions involving the acetonide (15) have been investigated.
Effective video text detection using line features (2005)

Text superimposed on video frames provides synoptic or supplemental information on video semantics. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect superimposed text effectively. First, we detect edges by an improved Canny edge detector. Then, a line-feature vector graph is generated based on the edge map and the stroke information is extracted. Finally text regions are generated and filtered according to line features. Experimental results show that, without much increasing the computational cost, our proposed method could suppress the false alarms notably. Furthermore, our method can be easily customized to applications with different tradeoffs in recall and precision.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrodeposition of GaAs from Aqueous Electrolytes. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Increasing the Sustainability of Aquaculture Systems: Insects as Alternative Protein Source for Fish Diets (2017)

While aquaculture has a huge potential to contribute to the food security of our planet in the upcoming decades, it is still associated with various environmental concerns. The use of insects as a sustainable protein component in aquafeeds might change that.The fast growth of the aquaculture sector worldwide increases the demand for aquafeeds. Since the production of conventional protein sources like fish meal is stagnating due to fully exploited fish stocks, far-reaching sustainable adaptions of production techniques as well as new alternative protein sources have to be identified. A first step could be the production of omnivorous freshwater species with more modest feed requirements instead of carnivorous marine species. A next step could be the substitution of marine aquafeed ingredients. The popular practice to substitute fish meal by plant proteins is, however, problematic from a nutritive physiological point of view. Moreover, feed crop production, for example, soybeans, has negative effects on land use and water consumption. Novel protein sources of animal origin are insect meals that combine a high nutritional value with small environmental impact production systems.
Dynamics of Emim+ in [Emim][TFSI]/LiTFSI Solutions as Bulk and under Confinement in a Quasi-liquid Solid Electrolyte (2021)

Quasi-liquid solid electrolytes are a promising alternative for next-generation Li batteries. These systems combine the safety of solid electrolytes with the desired properties of liquids and are typically formed by solutions of Li salts in ionic liquids incorporated into solid matrices. Here, we present a fundamental understanding of the transport properties in solutions of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim][TFSI]), either in bulk form or incorporated in a boron nitride (BN) matrix. We performed a series of quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments that, given the high incoherent neutron scattering cross section of hydrogen, allowed us to focus on the Emim<sup>+</sup> dynamics. First, [Emim][TFSI]/LiTFSI solutions (0.5 and 2.5 mol·kg<sup>-1</sup>) were investigated and we show how the increase in the concentration reduces the Emim<sup>+</sup> mobility and increases the activation energy of their long-range motions. Then, the 0.5 mol·kg<sup>-1</sup> solution was incorporated into the BN matrix and we report that the diffusivities of the Emim<sup>+</sup> cations that remain mobile under confinement are highly accelerated in comparison with the bulk sample and the activation energy of these motions is drastically reduced. We present the experimental evidence that this effect is related to the content of the Emim<sup>+</sup> cations immobilized near the surfaces of the BN pores.
Clinical Recurrences After Successful Accessory Pathway Ablation: (1997)

The incidence of clinical recurrences mediated by the late manifestation of conduction over a previously "dormant" AP is low. The lack of an anatomic vicinity of these predominantly concealed APs with the initially targeted AP and the lack of evidence for their presence during the initial ablation session suggest intermittent conduction as the most likely explanation for their late manifestation.
Supplementary Figures 1-2, Table 1 from PET Imaging of Tumor Neovascularization in a Transgenic Mouse Model with a Novel <sup>64</sup>Cu-DOTA-Knottin Peptide (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-2, Table 1 from PET Imaging of Tumor Neovascularization in a Transgenic Mouse Model with a Novel &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu-DOTA-Knottin Peptide
Virtual view synthesis through linear processing without geometry (2005)

This paper presents a new approach for virtual view synthesis that does not require any information of scene geometry. Our approach first generates multiple virtual views at the same position based on multiple depths by the conventional view interpolation method. The interpolated views suffer from blurring and ghosting artifacts due to the pixel mis-correspondence. Secondly, the multiple views are integrated into a novel view where all regions are focused. This integration problem can be formulated as the problem of solving a set of linear equations that relates the multiple views. To solve this set of equations, two methods using projection onto convex sets (POCS) and inverse filtering are presented that effectively integrate the focused regions in each view into a novel view. Experimental results using real images show the validity of our methods.
Unilineage model of hematopoiesis predicts self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells based on ex vivo growth data (1996)

Stem cell models are used to describe the function of several tissues. We present unilineage kinetic description of stem cell models and their application to the analysis of ex vivo hematopoietic cell expansion data. This model has the capability to simulate the total cell number and the number of cells at each stage of differentiation over time as a function of the stem cell self-renewal probability, the growth rate of each subpopulation, and the mature cell death rate. The model predicts experimental observations in perfusion-based hematopoietic bioreactor systems. To obtain net cell expansion ex vivo, the model simulations show that the stem cell self-renewal probability must exceed one-half, thus resulting in net expansion of the stem cell population. Experimental data on long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) confirm this prediction and the probability of self-renewal is estimated to be 0.62 to 0.73. This self-renewal probability, along with the death rate, define a relationship in which the apparent overall growth rate is less than the compartmental growth rate. Finally, the model predicts that cells beyond the stem cell stage of differentiation must self-renew to achieve the level of expansion within the time frame observed in experimental systems. (c) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Control of African swine fever virus by siRNA (2007)

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious, viral disease of pigs caused by an Asfivirus. It can cause up to 100% of mortality in domestic pigs and European wild boars, although varying degrees of virulence have been shown. In contrast, the infection is unapparent in African wild suids (warthogs, bushpigs, giant forest hogs). There is no treatment or vaccine to control this severe disease. To address this issue, we are currently working on the development of an attenuated vaccine and new generation of biological antivirals. For the generation of attenuated ASFV vaccine strains, we envisage to delete the 10 Kb region located 23638-33336 in the genome, which includes nine genes that are thought to determine the virulence of ASFV. Of these 9 genes, 4 (A104R, A118R, A151R and A240L) have unknown function in the virus replication cycle. To establish the importance of these genes, we have used the RNA interference approach. RNA interference is a natural biological process initially described in plants [Fire and Mello in 1998]. It a natural cell mechanism by which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of about 20 nucleotides operate to down regulate the expression of a gene by targeting and cleaving its mRNA (post-transcriptional gene silencing). The 4 ASFV genes of a Spanish strain isolated in 1971 (Ba71y) were cloned and sequenced. The sequences were checked and compared with the reference sequence available in GenBank (accession number ASU18466) before to be sent to Ambion for siRNA design. We initially received 17 siRNAs from Ambion of which, 3 were directed against each of the 4 genes of interest and 5 were directed against B646L encoding the essential viral capsid protein (control of siRNA efficacy). Preliminary results of the siRNA evaluation indicate that A151R and as expected B646L, are essential genes for virus replication. (Texte integral)
Towards Zero Data Interruption Time with Enhanced Synchronous Handover (2017)

This paper presents enhancements for lowering the handover interruption time in future wireless networks. We propose a selective data forwarding for the handover preparation phase, and the integration of the make-before-break procedure with the synchronous random access-less handover. To evaluate our proposals, we analyze the handover timing for typical and variable values of the user equipment and e-NodeB processing times, and X2 interface latencies. Our results show that the processing delays, reconfiguration times, and the X2 latency should be simultaneously reduced to minimize the data interruption time. Selective data forwarding during the handover preparation reduces the data interruption time by 18 % compared to the basic random access less handover with typical network delays. Make-before-break is the most suitable handover type for future low-latency applications, as it achieves zero data interruption independent of the latency of handover steps.
Static and Dynamic Wetting Properties of Thin Rubber Films (1996)

We model the statics and dynamics of wetting of liquids on thin rubber films. We show that at equilibrium the capillary forces deform soft substrates, leading to undulations of the rubber film surface originating at the triple line. Such deformations propagate when a liquid spreads on the rubber film. This induces the dissipation that may control the spreading dynamics. We derive a general expression for this dissipation as a function of the viscoelastic properties of the substrate. We calculate the spreading velocities for various mechanical relaxation models. Using available mechanical relaxation data, we find that our model may well account for the experimental observations of Carré and Shanahan, who demonstrated the importance of viscoelastic braking effects.
Binding and enrichment of Escherichia coli spheroplasts expressing inner membrane tethered scFv antibodies on surface immobilized antigens (2007)

Anchored periplasmic expression (APEx) is a new method for the isolation of high affinity ligand-binding proteins from large combinatorial libraries (Harvey et al., 2004, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(25): 9193-9198). In APEx, proteins are expressed as fusions to a membrane anchor that tethers them onto the periplasmic side of the Escherichia coli inner membrane. Conversion of the cells into spheroplasts and incubation with soluble fluorescently conjugated ligands results in the specific labeling of cells expressing ligand-binding proteins and their subsequent isolation by flow cytometry. Here we show that scFv antibody fragments expressed in the APEx format allow the binding of spheroplasts to immobilized ligands. ScFv antibodies specific for the cardiac glycoside digoxin or for the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis as a negative control were expressed in E. coli as fusions to either N-terminal or C-terminal membrane anchoring domains. Only the C-terminally anchored fusions resulted in specific recognition and binding of spheroplasts onto TentaGel beads with immobilized antigen. Following three rounds of flow cytometric screening, spheroplasts expressing anti-digoxin scFvs were enriched 950-fold from a large excess (1,000 x) of spheroplasts expressing anti-PA antibodies. These results indicate that the APEx technology may be employed for the screening of libraries based on binding to insoluble antigens possibly including antigens on cell surfaces.
A Novel Antenna Covered by Planar Inverted-L Stub to Keep the Communication Distance whether Optional Circuit Board Exist or not (2019)

In a recent couple of years, the smart meter system is installed at each home, factory and company. The smart meter system has Route A and B for data collection and visualization of power consumption. Route A is indispensable, Route B is option function. In this study, we present a novel antenna to keep the communication distance whether Route B option circuit board exist or not. A distinctive feature of the proposed antenna structure is a planar inverted-L stub between a monopole antenna and option circuit board. This planar inverted-L stub archives reduction of the electric coupling between the monopole antenna and option circuit board. The total efficiency of the proposed antenna improves 22 dB compared with conventional monopole antenna. This paper provides design guideline and some key parameters of the proposed antenna.