gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Positioning of high-speed trains using 5G new radio synchronization signals (2018)

We study positioning of high-speed trains in 5G new radio (NR) networks by utilizing specific NR synchronization signals. The studies are based on simulations with 3GPP-specified radio channel models including path loss, shadowing and fast fading effects. The considered positioning approach exploits measurement of Time-Of-Arrival (TOA) and Angle-Of-Departure (AOD), which are estimated from beamformed NR synchronization signals. Based on the given measurements and the assumed train movement model, the train position is tracked by using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), which is able to handle the non-linear relationship between the TOA and AOD measurements, and the estimated train position parameters. It is shown that in the considered scenario the TOA measurements are able to achieve better accuracy compared to the AOD measurements. However, as shown by the results, the best tracking performance is achieved, when both of the measurements are considered. In this case, a very high, sub-meter, tracking accuracy can be achieved for most (>75%) of the tracking time, thus achieving the positioning accuracy requirements envisioned for the 5G NR. The pursued high-accuracy and high-availability positioning technology is considered to be in a key role in several envisioned HST use cases, such as mission-critical autonomous train systems.
Effect of stress and composition on the Raman spectra of etch-stop SiGeB layers (1996)

Si1−(x+y)GexBy strained layers on Si (x≤3.4%, y≤0.4%) have been analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Stress in the layers has not been observed to affect the Fano interaction parameters of the first-order Si–Si Raman line. These parameters have been determined in the range of B concentrations from 5×1019 to 2×1020 cm−3 and Ge fractions from 1% to 3.4%. The observed shift in the spectra has been found to depend linearly on both the germanium and boron contents. These data have been correlated with the stress measured in the layers by mechanical wafer bow measurements. The dependence of the Raman shift on the germanium content and strain agrees with that previously reported for strained SiGe layers. According to these data, Raman spectroscopy appears as an interesting tool for the nondestructive assessment of stress and composition of these layers.
Killing of bacteria by copper, cadmium, and silver surfaces reveals relevant physicochemical parameters (2017)

The killing of bacteria on metallic copper surfaces in minutes to hours is referred to as contact killing. Why copper possesses such strong antimicrobial activity has remained enigmatic. Based on the physicochemical properties of metals, it was recently predicted that cadmium should also be active in contact killing [Hans et al., Biointerphases 11, 018902 (2010)]. Here, the authors show that cadmium is indeed antimicrobial. It kills three logs of bacteria in 9 h, compared to copper which kills eight logs of bacteria. Metallic silver kills less than one log of bacteria in 9 h. These findings support the novel concept whereby oxide formation, metal ion dissolution, and a Pearson soft character are the key factors for a metal to be antibacterial. Based on these parameters, copper and cadmium are expected to be the two most antibacterial metals.
Design and freeform fabrication of load bearing tissue scaffolds (2005)

Scaffolds with designed interior pore architecture, predefined porosity and a well interconnected predetermined network has been the most favored design approach for tissue engineering applications. This paper will present the details of our development in the design and fabrication of biomimetic tissue scaffolds based on tissue requirements. This includes the 3D reconstruction of patient-specific medical imaging data (CT/MRI), the evaluation of tissue properties, the incorporation of intended biophysical and biological requirements into the design model, and the characterization of designed scaffold mechanical properties. The paper also presents a novel design approach to generate the designed scaffolds using layered freeform fabrication without forming complicated 3D CAD scaffold models. Feasibility studies applying the algorithm to example models and the generation of fabrication planning instructions involving heterogeneous structures will also be presented.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Tumor-Specific Isoform Switch of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Underlies the Mesenchymal and Malignant Phenotypes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 604K, Alternative splicing of the FGFR2 mRNA in normal kidney and clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC).&lt;/p&gt;
Generation in vivo of “Covalently Closed” Circular Mitochondrial DNA Free of Superhelical Turns (1974)

The non‐intercalating tryptanocidal drug berenil inhibits completely the synthesis of the mitochondrial DNA in cultured human cells. This interference appears to be fairly selective, as the effect on the synthesis of the nuclear DNA is relatively small. The exposure of the cells to the drug results in a conversion in vivo of existing supercoiled mitochondrial DNA into DNA molecules with the hydrodynamic properties of ring‐open mitochondrial DNA. Dye‐buoyant‐density separation and titration with ethidium bromide indicate that this ring‐open mitochondrial DNA contains “covalently closed” circular DNA molecules which are free of superhelical turns.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a Highly Potent and Effective Antagonist of Retinoic Acid Receptors. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A low-complexity, background-noise reduction preprocessor for speech encoder (2002)

An algorithm is presented for reducing stationary, though possible changing, background noise in speech time series. A perfect reconstruction filter bank decomposes the full-band time series into uniformly spaced subbands. A detection test is performed in each subband, and the results are used to dynamically adjust the gain applied to each subband. Upon reconstruction of the full-band time series, the background noise level is reduced relative to the speech. For noisy handset-speech time series, 12 to 18 dB of noise reduction can be achieved in real-world settings. As demonstrated using GSM-standard speech coders, the method can dramatically enhance the quality of coded speech.
High-Speed and Precise Gap Servo System for Near-Field Optical Recording (2012)

We propose a high-speed and precise gap servo control system that is based on the feed-forward control method that can reduce the harmonic disturbance (RHD-FFC) on a near-field optical recording system with a solid immersion lens. An optical disk of 1.2 mm thickness rotates with about 30 µm p–p of axial run-out. The axial run-out prevents a gap servo from performing precisely at high rotational speed. The RHD-FFC method can suppress harmonic disturbances of gap error signal and can perform at high speed while keeping less than 25 nm of gap length between an optical head and a rotational disk surface. We confirmed that the gap servo applying the RHD-FFC method performed precisely and achieved at high disk rotational speed of 11000 rpm with a 1.2-mm-thick optical disk with a track pitch of 0.16 µm, corresponding to a data capacity of 100 Gbyte.
Automatic mura inspection using the principal component analysis for the TFT-LCD panel (2014)

In this paper, we propose a principal component analysis (PCA)-based mura detection algorithm. Recent conventional algorithms divide the panel image with the detection window and detect the mura in each detection window. However, these algorithms have several problems due to the limitation of the detection window size. To overcome these problems, we first estimate the background image of the entire panel image by applying the PCA method. And then, the difference image between the input panel image and the estimated background image is used for the mura region decision. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional mura detection algorithm.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Stereochemistry of the Electrophilic Arylation at Chiral Phosphorus. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gene Expression Profile in Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica upon Host‐Cell Contact (2002)

Differential gene regulation in the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis group B (MenB) and in Neisseria lactamica, a human commensal species, was studied by whole genome microarray after bacterial interaction with epithelial cells. Host-cell contact induced changes in the expression of 347 and 285 genes in MenB and N. lactamica, respectively. Of these, only 167 were common to MenB and N. lactamica, suggesting that a different subset of genes is activated by pathogens and commensals. Change in gene expression was stable over time in N. lactamica, but short-lived in MenB. A large part (greater than 30%) of the regulated genes encoded proteins with unknown function. Among the known genes, those coding for pili, capsule, protein synthesis, nucleotide synthesis, cell wall metabolism, ATP synthesis, and protein folding were down-regulated in MenB. Transporters for iron, chloride and sulfate, some known virulence factors, GAPDH and the entire pathway of selenocysteine biosynthesis were upregulated. Gene expression profiling indicates that approximately 40% of the regulated genes encode putative surface-associated proteins, suggesting that upon cell contact Neisseria undergoes substantial surface remodeling. This was confirmed by FACS analysis of adhering bacteria using mouse sera against a subset of recombinant proteins. Finally, a few surface-located, adhesion-activated antigens were capable of inducing bactericidal antibodies, indicating that microarray technology can be exploited for the identification of new vaccine candidates.
Late-breaking abstract: Pre-clinical efficacy of RP5090 in PI3Kδ mediated airway disorders (2011)

Introduction: PI3Kδ plays a pivotal role in airway remodelling processes that include recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, cytokine release, mast cell activation and vascular permeability. Given the established criticality of PI3Kδ in airway inflammation, inhibitors specifically targeting this isoform would attenuate progression of asthma and COPD. Methods: Specificity of RP5090 towards PI3Kδ, suppression of pAKT in THP-1 cells, elastase exocytosis and migration in neutrophils, and IgE-induced mast cell degranulation were determined. Pre-clinical efficacy of RP5090 was confirmed in animal models of airway disorders, namely, LPS-induced pulmonary neutrophilia in rat as well as in acute and chronic eosinophilia models in Guinea Pig. Results: RP5090 demonstrated significant potency against PI3Kδ (18.5 nM) with several fold selectivity over other isoforms with subsequent inhibition of pAKT. Additionally, the compound inhibited neutrophil functionality and mast-cell degranulation at nanomolar concentrations. RP5090 displayed excellent efficacy in inhibiting LPS-induced neutrophilia in SD rat (65% at 20 mg/kg b.wt). Besides, the compound decreased eosinophil infiltration into the lungs upon induction by PAF (&gt;80% @ 10 mg/kg) or OVA (&gt;60% @ 1 mg/kg) in Guinea pigs. Consistent with in vitro findings, the compound caused a significant inhibition of mast cell degranulation manifested by a reduction in histamine release. Conclusions: Results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of RP5090 in asthma and related airway disorders acting via the PI3Kδ pathway. Further in vivo studies are in progress to evaluate the efficacy of the compound in airway hyper-responsiveness prior to the initiation of clinical trials.
Balloon catheter-based radiofrequency ablation monitoring in porcine esophagus using optical coherence tomography (2019)

We present a microscopic image guidance platform for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using a clinical balloon-catheter-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) system, currently used in the surveillance of Barrett's esophagus patients. Our integrated thermal therapy delivery and monitoring platform consists of a flexible, customized bipolar RFA electrode array designed for use with a clinical balloon OCT catheter and a processing algorithm to accurately map the thermal coagulation process. Non-uniform rotation distortion was corrected using a feature tracking-based technique, which enables robust, frame-to-frame analysis of the temporal fluctuation of the complex OCT signal. With proper noise calibration, precise delineation of the thermal therapy zone was demonstrated using cumulative complex differential variance in porcine esophagus <i>ex vivo</i> with the integrated OCT-RFA system, as validated by nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBTC) histology. The ability to directly and accurately visualize the thermal coagulation process at high resolution is critical to the precise delivery of thermal energy to a wide range of epithelial lesions.
The Three-dimensional Bin Packing Problem for Deformable Items (2022)

The three-dimensional bin packing problem(3D-BPP) for deformable items is quite common and essential in real-world city logistics and manufacturing environments, for example, fresh food supply chain. However, no published literature has addressed this problem from an exact point of view. In order to further increase loading efficiency and reduce operating costs for related firms, we examine a 3D-BPP variation in this work that takes into account the compressibility factor of deformable items. We formulate the studied problem as a mixed integer programming model in which several groups of unique decisions and constraints are introduced. A series of numerical experiments are conducted over several randomly generated benchmarks with various parameter settings. Results reveal that the total volume of packed items and the space utilization are significantly enhanced after considering the compressibility factor since the actual room occupied by packed items are estimated in a more accurate and practical way. In particular, the improvement in the space utilization reaches 8%$\sim$ 28% compared with the case without compressibility issue. These benefits show that there is a large potential in reducing packaging and delivering costs by estimating the actual occupied space under the dynamic volume change assumption.
Harnessing the Power of Explanations for Incremental Training: A LIME-Based Approach (2022)

Explainability of neural network prediction is essential to understand feature importance and gain interpretable insight into neural network performance. However, explanations of neural network outcomes are mostly limited to visualization, and there is scarce work that looks to use these explanations as feedback to improve model performance. In this work, model explanations are fed back to the feed-forward training to help the model generalize better. To this extent, a custom weighted loss where the weights are generated by considering the Euclidean distances between true LIME (Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations) explanations and model-predicted LIME explanations is proposed. Also, in practical training scenarios, developing a solution that can help the model learn sequentially without losing information on previous data distribution is imperative due to the unavailability of all the training data at once. Thus, the framework incorporates the custom weighted loss with Elastic Weight Consolidation (EWC) to maintain performance in sequential testing sets. The proposed custom training procedure results in a consistent enhancement of accuracy ranging from 0.5% to 1.5% throughout all phases of the incremental learning setup compared to traditional loss-based training methods for the keyword spotting task using the Google Speech Commands dataset.
A Completeness Theorem for TLA (2016)

This is the beginning of a note that states and proves a relative completeness result for the axioms of TLA in the absence of temporal existential quantification (variable hiding). (The ancient LaTeX macros used to format the note only work on the first part. A text version of the complete note and of all other TLA notes are available here. There are undoubtedly errors in the proof, but I think they’re minor.
Localization of orphan utility meters based on spatio-temporal signature information (2008)

As utilities convert from manual meter reading to automated systems, a new set of operation challenges arise in the day-to-day operation of the metering system. One of the most significant problems occurs when a meter is installed, but the physical location of the meter has not been properly recorded by the utilitiespsila system of record. This condition is commonly referred to as an ldquoorphanrdquo meter. Current methods of locating orphan meters are manual and time intensive. This paper presents a new method for electronically locating orphan meters. The technique leverages spatio-temporal correlations between the reference meters and the orphan meter. Additional information, such as the received signal power, is also used to provide more robust location estimation performance. Ray-tracing simulation and field measurement results have shown promising localization results of the orphan meters.
Dynamics of Self-Assembling Systems: Analogy with Chemical Kinetics (1994)

In this article, we propose a new analyzing method for self-assembling systems. Its initial purpose was to predict the yield—the final amount of desired product—of our original self-assembling mechanical model. Moreover, the method clarifies the dynamical evolution of the system. In this method, the quantity of each intermediate product is adopted as state variables, and the dynamics that dominates the state variables is derived. The behavior of the system is reduced to a set of difference equations with a small degree of freedom. The concept is the same as in chemical kinetics or in population dynamics. However, it was never applied to self-assembling systems. The mathematical model is highly abstracted so that it is applicable to other self-assembling systems with only small modifications.
Global Communications Newsletter (2020)

Presents information and current topics of interest to the global communications industry.
Supplemental Table 4 from mWTX-330, an IL-12 INDUKINE Molecule, Activates and Reshapes Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T and NK Cells to Generate Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Z Scores from EMT-6 Tumor Infiltrating CD8+ T cells from Select Pathways&lt;/p&gt;
Using mutual information for designing the measurement matrix in phase retrieval problems (2017)

In the phase retrieval problem, the observations consist of the magnitude of a linear transformation of the signal of interest (SOI) with additive noise, where the linear transformation is typically referred to as measurement matrix. The objective is then to reconstruct the SOI from the observations up to an inherent phase ambiguity. Many works on phase retrieval assume that the measurement matrix is a random Gaussian matrix, which in the noiseless scenario with sufficiently many measurements guarantees uniqueness of the mapping between the SOI and the observations. However, in many applications, e.g., optical imaging, the measurement matrix corresponds to the underlying physical setup, and is therefore a deterministic matrix with structure constraints. In this work we study the design of deterministic measurement matrices, aimed at maximizing the mutual information between the SOI and the observations. We characterize necessary conditions for the optimal measurement matrix, and propose a practical design method for measurement matrices corresponding to masked Fourier measurements. Simulation tests of the proposed method show that it achieves the same performance as random Gaussian matrices for various phase recovery algorithms.
Multiple Beam Ptychography for High Throughput Data Acquisition (2016)

We extend ptychography CDI to allow for imaging of multiple areas on a sample simultaneously using multiple identical beams. This enables high throughput imaging of large samples without increased data collection or loss in resolution.
Outage capacity of maximal ratio transmission based multi-cellular MIMO systems (2004)

In this paper, we analyze the performance of multi-cellular MIMO systems with co-channel interference from users within the same cell as well as from other cells. We initially assume that user power levels are deterministic. Then, we extend the channel model to include shadowing and path loss along with power control, resulting in a statistical model for user powers. We derive easily computable closed form outage probability expressions in the form of finite sums for both cases. It is found that using antennas on the receiver side results in better performance since transmit diversity does not combat interference from same cell users. It is also shown that the outage capacity increases more than linearly with increasing order of diversity.
Homogeneous and Semi‐Heterogeneous Magnetically Retrievable Bis‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Rhodium(I) Based Catalysts for Selective Hydroaminomethylation Reactions (2015)

Abstract The preparation of various bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene (bis‐NHC) complexes of rhodium and their application in the hydroaminomethylation of vinyl arenes was investigated. Various reaction parameters such as solvent, temperature, and pressure were tested, and the optimized protocol was applied to a wide variety of vinyl arenes and amines to afford the corresponding amines in good yields with high selectivity towards the branched product. The bis‐NHC‐based catalyst demonstrated superior reactivity and selectivity compared to catalysts containing bidentate phosphine or monodentate NHC ligands. A triethoxysilyl‐functionalized bis‐NHC ligand was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles and then utilized to bind a rhodium catalyst. The resulting catalytic system was successfully employed in hydroaminomethylation reactions. The catalyst exhibited excellent reactivity, high selectivity, and was simply recovered from the reaction medium by applying an external magnetic field.
Display and applied holography in culture development (1990)

The analysis of possible applications of the modern science achievements in various spheres of culture is one of the important and rather actual prob- lems of the present. In this respect optical holography, as a new method of recording and reconstruction of light fields, affords extraordinary potentia- lities to be applied in the domain of culture, viz, in art and museology, un- common to optics and quantum electronics. These possibilities are analyzed in the presented paper. It is also connected with the idea to show for the museo- logists, who are not very much acquainted with this new field, the real achie- vements in holography, different aspects of their applications in the museum life and to discuss these possibilities by the rather simple way.