gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase-shifting cell loaded with variable capacitances for dual linearly polarised reflectarrays (2012)

A new dual linearly polarised phase-shifting cell for reflectarray applications is presented. It consists of two orthogonal sets of parallel rectangular slots etched in a ground plane. Each set may be loaded with a combination of variable and fixed capacitances to provide a reconfigurable 2-bit phase-shifter for both polarisations. A passive version of the proposed cell has been fabricated and characterised in C-band with four fixed states. For each polarisation only two variable capacitances are needed in order to control the phase of the reflected wave.
The role of auxin in cell separation in the dehiscence zone of oilseed rape pods (1997)

Concentrations of both free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were studied during development of pod wall, dehiscence zone and seeds of Brassica napus pods. A decrease in auxin content prior to moisture loss in the pods was observed specifically in the dehiscence zone, which was correlated with a tissue specific increase in β-1,4-glucanase activity. Furthermore, treatment of the pods with the auxin mimic 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid resulted in a delay of 10 d of β-1,4-glucanase activity and concomitant cell separation in the dehiscence zone. This indicates that the activity of hydrolytic enzymes involved in cell separation in the dehiscence zone is regulated by auxin activity. Comparison of parthenocarpic pods with seeded pods pointed to the seeds as the source of IAA. Levels in the dehiscence zone of these pods were low over the entire sampling period, while cell separation in the dehiscence zone was delayed by about 4 d. These results indicate that a low level of auxins in the dehiscence zone is necessary for dehiscence to take place, but other factors may also be important.
Development of a Non-contact Reader System for Reflective Particle Tags. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Scaling a Global File System to the Greatest Possible Extent, Performance, Capacity, and Number of Users (2005)

We investigate here, both theoretically and by demonstration, scaling file storage to the very widest possible extents. We use IBM's GPFS file system, with extensions developed by the San Diego Supercomputer Center in collaboration with IBM. Geographically, the file system extends across the United States, including Pittsburgh, Illinois, and San Diego, California, with the TeraGrid 40 Gb/s backbone providing the wide area network connectivity. We show the results from two demonstrations, at each of the past two supercomputing conferences, SC03 in Phoenix, Arizona, and SC04 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The second demonstration was purposely designed to presage an intended production facility across the National Science Foundation's TeraGrid.
Identification of CD203c as a New Basophil-Specific Flow-Marker in Ph+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2022)

Basophilia is a crucial prognostic variable in Ph-chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The ectoenzyme CD203c is an activation-linked surface antigen that is expressed specifically on basophil-committed progenitor cells and mature basophils. We examined the expression of CD203c on progenitors and/or basophils in 21 healthy donors and 44 patients with CML. As expected, the numbers of CD203c<sup>+</sup> blood leukocytes were significantly higher in CML patients compared to controls (percentage of CD203c<sup>+</sup> cells among viable cells in CML at diagnosis: 4.19 ± 3.68% vs. controls: 0.53 ± 0.23%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, CML basophils expressed higher levels of CD203c compared to normal basophils (median staining-index in CML at diagnosis: 29.41 ± 19.14 versus controls: 20.44 ± 13.45). We also found that the numbers and percentage of circulating CD203c<sup>+</sup> cells at diagnosis correlate with the disease-related risk-profile. Incubation of CML basophils with an anti-IgE-antibody resulted in further upregulation of CD203c. After successful treatment with imatinib and/or other BCR::ABL1 inhibitors leading to major or complete molecular responses, the numbers of CD203c<sup>+</sup> basophils decreased substantially in our CML patients compared to pre-treatment values. Together, CD203c is overexpressed on CML basophils, is further upregulated by IgE receptor cross-linking, and may serve as a biomarker to quantify basophilia in patients with CML at diagnosis and during therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydridotetrakis(pyrophosphito(2‐))diplatinate(III). (1987)

Abstract The title compound, (Pt 2 (P 2 O 5 H 2 ) 4 H 2 ) 4‐ (I), is generated by 370 nm narrow‐band irradiation of MeCN solutions of (Bu 4 N) 4 (Pt 2 (P 2 O 5 H 2 ) 4 ) containing a hydrogen‐atom donor (e.g., PhCH(OH)CH 3 ).
Mesoporous Copper Nanoparticle/TiO2 Aerogels for Room-Temperature Hydrolytic Decomposition of the Chemical Warfare Simulant Dimethyl Methylphosphonate (2020)

Mesoporous copper–titanium dioxide (Cu/TiO2) composite aerogels with <5-nm-diameter copper (Cu) nanoparticles hydrolyze the chemical warfare (CW) simulant dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After Cu/TiO2 is exposed to DMMP in an in situ diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) reaction chamber, hydrolysis products (i.e., methoxy groups) are bound to the surface, while no intact DMMP is observed. In contrast, DMMP degradation is not observed under our DRIFTS reactor conditions at native TiO2 aerogels, CuO, or Cu2O nanoparticles. We attribute the hydrolytic activity of Cu/TiO2 aerogels to a high surface concentration of OH species that form at Cu||TiO2 junctions. Neither hydrolysis of DMMP nor excess surface OH is observed on Au/TiO2 aerogels. The poor ability of the Au||TiO2 interface to activate water relative to that of the Cu||TiO2 interface suggests that a readily reducible supporting oxide is insufficient to promote an excess population of surface OH species—the supported nanoparticle must be sufficiently redox-active as well. Under aerobic conditions, DMMP hydrolysis is accelerated on Cu/TiO2, suggesting that O2 promotes the formation and turnover of surface OH sites. The general materials design demonstrated here of a Cu nanoparticle/reducing oxide aerogel is a promising route to CW decontamination as well other surface-mediated chemistries requiring the activation of water.
Transcriptional Profiling of Caudal Fin Regeneration in Zebrafish (2006)

Regeneration of severed limbs in adult animals is restricted to urodele amphibians. Mammals, including humans, have very limited regenerative capabilities and even with proper treatment, only the tips of our digits can grow back. Teleost fish can regenerate amputated fins, the evolutionary ancestors of limbs. To elucidate the principles of limb-fin regeneration, we performed an Affymetrix microarray screen on regenerating caudal fins 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post amputation. Approximately 15,000 zebrafish transcripts were analyzed, identifying 829 transcripts as differentially expressed during regeneration. Of those, 563 were up-regulated and 266 were down-regulated. We constructed a comprehensive database containing expression data, functional assignment, and background information from the literature for each differentially expressed transcript. In order to validate our findings, we employed three approaches: (1) microarray expression analysis of genes previously implicated in fin regeneration, (2) RT-PCR analysis of genes newly identified as differentially expressed during regeneration, and (3) in situ hybridization of the up-regulated genes bambi, dlx5A, and her6. Moreover, we show that Smad 1/5/8 proteins, effector molecules of Bmp signaling, are phosphorylated during fin regeneration. Taken together, we provide a comprehensive database of fin regeneration that will serve as an important tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms of regeneration.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from A Small-Molecule Modulator of the Tumor-Suppressor miR34a Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods. Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study.&lt;/p&gt;
Development of Secreted Protein and Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Targeted Nanoparticles for the Prognostic Molecular Imaging of Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2011)

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-skin malignancy in the United States and presents with a wide range of aggressiveness from extremely slow-growing to highly aggressive. There is a clinical need to determine the metastatic potential of the primary tumor to design the most appropriate treatment plan ranging from watchful waiting to more aggressive, invasive surgical treatments. In this study we have developed a nanoparticle based imaging agent that targets SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic Rich in Cysteine), a molecular marker of prostate cancer metastatic potential. Previous studies by this group used phage display to identify a peptide with high binding affinity and specificity for SPARC. In this study, the SPARC-targeted peptide sequence was used to design a biomaterial with improved pharmacokinetic properties by attaching it to a biocompatible nanoparticle that is also coupled to a fluorophore for in vivo imaging. Prostate cancer cell lines with varying degrees of SPARC expression were used to show the ability of the targeted nanoparticle to bind specifically to SPARC in vitro and in vivo including the clinically relevant bone and lung metastases. We show that in vivo imaging information correlates with the metastatic potential of the prostate tumor. This prognostic information could enable doctors to stratify patients and design personalized treatment strategies.
Crack Initiation Mechanism on the Glass Beads Used as Grinding Media in an Agitation Bead Mill (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrack Initiation Mechanism on the Glass Beads Used as Grinding Media in an Agitation Bead MillYoko Hashi and Mamoru SennaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 9, 2209–2214Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00033a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00033a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical Control of the Dimensionality of the Octahedral Network of Solar Absorbers from the CuI–AgI–BiI3 Phase Space by Synthesis of 3D CuAgBiI5 (2021)

A newly reported compound, CuAgBiI<sub>5</sub>, is synthesized as powder, crystals, and thin films. The structure consists of a 3D octahedral Ag<sup>+</sup>/Bi<sup>3+</sup> network as in spinel, but occupancy of the tetrahedral interstitials by Cu<sup>+</sup> differs from those in spinel. The 3D octahedral network of CuAgBiI<sub>5</sub> allows us to identify a relationship between octahedral site occupancy (composition) and octahedral motif (structure) across the whole CuI-AgI-BiI<sub>3</sub> phase field, giving the ability to chemically control structural dimensionality. To investigate composition-structure-property relationships, we compare the basic optoelectronic properties of CuAgBiI<sub>5</sub> with those of Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub> (which has a 2D octahedral network) and reveal a surprisingly low sensitivity to the dimensionality of the octahedral network. The absorption onset of CuAgBiI<sub>5</sub> (2.02 eV) barely changes compared with that of Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub> (2.06 eV) indicating no obvious signs of an increase in charge confinement. Such behavior contrasts with that for lead halide perovskites which show clear confinement effects upon lowering dimensionality of the octahedral network from 3D to 2D. Changes in photoluminescence spectra and lifetimes between the two compounds mostly derive from the difference in extrinsic defect densities rather than intrinsic effects. While both materials show good stability, bulk CuAgBiI<sub>5</sub> powder samples are found to be more sensitive to degradation under solar irradiation compared to Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub>.
P2Et Phosphazene: A Mild, Functional Group Tolerant Base for Soluble, Room Temperature Pd-Catalyzed C–N, C–O, and C–C Cross-Coupling Reactions (2015)

The non-nucleophilic organic superbase P2Et phosphazene can enable a broad range of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, including C-C, C-N, and C-O couplings of aryl chlorides, bromides, and iodides at room temperature. The mildness and substrate compatibility of this chemistry can deliver immediate synthetic utility for the preparation of complex molecules.
Synthesis of polyaniline derivatives via biocatalysis (2006)

Three structurally different aniline monomers, which can not be polymerized by chemical methods, have been polymerized with horseradish peroxidase. Enzymatic synthesis of linear polyaniline requires template molecules to minimize branching in the polyaniline backbone. Monomers having methoxy and methyl blocking groups at the ortho or meta position could induce the conducting form of para-linked polyaniline without the use of an anionic template, such as SPS. A new mild peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, was identified and used to oxidize horseradish peroxidase in water.
Phosphorylation of p27Kip1at Thr187 by Cyclin-dependent Kinase 5 Modulates Neural Stem Cell Differentiation (2010)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) plays a key role in the development of the mammalian nervous system; it phosphorylates a number of targeted proteins involved in neuronal migration during development to synaptic activity in the mature nervous system. Its role in the initial stages of neuronal commitment and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), however, is poorly understood. In this study, we show that Cdk5 phosphorylation of p27(Kip1) at Thr187 is crucial to neural differentiation because 1) neurogenesis is specifically suppressed by transfection of p27(Kip1) siRNA into Cdk5(+/+) NSCs; 2) reduced neuronal differentiation in Cdk5(-/-) compared with Cdk5(+/+) NSCs; 3) Cdk5(+/+) NSCs, whose differentiation is inhibited by a nonphosphorylatable mutant, p27/Thr187A, are rescued by cotransfection of a phosphorylation-mimicking mutant, p27/Thr187D; and 4) transfection of mutant p27(Kip1) (p27/187A) into Cdk5(+/+) NSCs inhibits differentiation. These data suggest that Cdk5 regulates the neural differentiation of NSCs by phosphorylation of p27(Kip1) at theThr187 site. Additional experiments exploring the role of Ser10 phosphorylation by Cdk5 suggest that together with Thr187 phosphorylation, Ser10 phosphorylation by Cdk5 promotes neurite outgrowth as neurons differentiate. Cdk5 phosphorylation of p27(Kip1), a modular molecule, may regulate the progress of neuronal differentiation from cell cycle arrest through differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and migration.
Anionic Glucophospholipids—A New Family of Tubule‐Forming Amphiphiles (1996)

Abstract A new family of amphiphiles that form tubules (i.e., hollow cylindrical bilayer‐based microstructures) by self‐aggregation has been identified, namely, anionic glucophospholipids of type 1 , in which a double‐tailed hydrophobe is grafted through a phosphate linkage to the O‐6 position of a polar glucose head group. Compounds 1a‐c self‐assemble into stable, hollow tubular microstructures when dispersed in water and cooled below the temperature at which the transition between crystal and liquid‐crystal phases takes place (estimated from change in turbidity). The diameter of the microstructures appears to depend on the nature of the hydrophobic tail, significantly smaller diameters being obtained for fluorinated tails. No tubules were obtained when galactose ( 2a‐c , pH&lt;11) or mannose ( 3a‐c ) derivatives were used instead of glucose derivatives, or when glucose was derivatized at the O‐3 ( 4b ) rather than O‐6 position; in these cases only vesicles were formed. Tubules made of 1 converted rapidly into giant vesicles when heated; they spontaneously formed again upon cooling. The presence of a fluorinated chain, as in 1b and 1c , increased the temperature at which the tubule‐vesicle interconversion occurred to above room temperature. Because the amphiphiles are negatively charged, the formation of tubules is pH‐dependent and is favored at higher pH. These findings support the view that hydration of and hydrogen bonds between polar heads play a major role in tubule formation. Hydration of the sugar‐derived head groups decreases as the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds increases; this favors membrane crystallization and tubule formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Chiral Water‐Soluble Phosphines. Part 2. Applications in Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
GaN Power Transistors on Si Substrates for Switching Applications Hybrid MOS-FET transistor devices with low on-resistance, high hold-voltages and high breakdown voltage promise to provide high-power, low-loss operation for switching applications. (2010)

In this paper, GaN power transistors on Si substrates for power switching application are reported. GaN heterojunction field-effect transistor (HFET) structure on Si is an important configuration in order to realize a low loss and high power devices as well as one of the cost-effective solutions. Current collapse phenomena are discussed for GaN-HFETs on Si substrate, resulting in suppression of the current collapse due to using the conducting Si substrate. Furthermore, attempts for normally off GaN-FETs were exam- ined. A hybrid metal-oxide-semiconductor HFET structure is a promising candidate for obtaining devices with a lower on-resistance ðRonÞ and a high breakdown voltage ðVbÞ.
Hierarchical Caching via Deep Reinforcement Learning (2020)

Wireless and wireline networks, such as Internet, cellular, and content delivery networks are to serve end-user file requests proactively. To this aim, by storing anticipated highly popular files during off-peak periods, and fetching them to end-users during on-peak instances, these networks smoothen out the load fluctuations on the back-haul links. In this context, several practical networks comprise a parent caching node connected to multiple leaf nodes to serve end-user file requests. To model the two-way interactive influence between caching decisions at the parent and leaf nodes, a reinforcement learning formulation is put forth in this work. Furthermore, to endow with scalability so that the algorithm can effectively handle the curse of dimensionality, a deep reinforcement learning approach is also developed. Our novel caching policy relies on a deep Q-network to enforce the parent node with ability to learn-and-adapt to unknown policies of leaf nodes as well as spatio-temporal dynamic evolution of file requests, results in remarkable caching performance, as corroborated through numerical tests.
291 CAR T cells as a surgical adjuvant for unresectable adenocarcinoma (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Unresectable tumor or incomplete surgical excision of solid tumors are risk factors for primary treatment failure. For those patients, treatment options to clear residual tumor cells following incomplete surgical excision which could be administered promptly and safely in an intraoperative setting would be beneficial. Approaches that could simultaneously clear positive margins without raising safety concerns and interfering with wound healing would be ideal. Here we have tested the hypothesis that the local, intraoperative use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy might be an effective surgical adjuvant, based on their emergence as an effective systemic immunotherapy for several hematological malignancies. <h3>Methods</h3> We have optimized the use of tissue adhesives as a CAR T cell carrier, which could be applied intraoperatively on the wound surface without the need for intratumoral injection and have evaluated fibrin glue, a biologic tissue adhesive which was found to be an effective sealant and topical hemostatic agent. We then tested the feasibility of this approach in partial resection xenograft models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and triple negative breast cancer using mesothelin-specific CAR T cells. In addition, we developed a novel in vivo toxicity model to evaluate safety of this approach and effects on wound healing in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. <h3>Results</h3> We found that the local delivery of CAR T cells in a fibrin-glue based carrier (fibrin gel) applied within the resection cavity was effective in clearing residual cancer cells following incomplete surgical excision of subcutaneous tumors. This resulted in significantly longer overall survival when compared to mice treated with surgery and direct intracavitary CAR T cell injection without fibrin gel. Importantly, on-target off-tumor toxicity was diminished compared to mice treated with systemically administered CAR T cells. In addition, wound healing complications were not seen in any of the immunocompromised or immunocompetent mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In summary, CAR T cells can be effectively and safely used as a surgical adjuvant in adenocarcinomas that cannot be completely excised. Based on these promising observations, a clinical trial in patients with locally advanced breast cancer is planned.
Is stateful packrat parsing really linear in practice? a counter-example, an improved grammar, and its parsing algorithms (2020)

Stateful packrat parsing is an algorithm for parsing syntaxes that have context-sensitive features. It is a well-known knowledge among researchers that the running time of stateful packrat parsing is linear for real-world grammars, as demonstrated in existing studies. However, we have found the cases in real-world grammars and tools that lead its running time to become exponential.
Network coding as a coloring problem (Invited paper) (2004)

We consider a multicast configuration with two sources, and translate the network code design problem to vertex coloring of an appropriately defined graph. This observation enables to derive code design algorithms and alphabet size bounds, as well as establish a connection with a number of well-known results from discrete mathematics that increase our insight in the different trade-offs possible for network coding.