gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Python-Microscope: A new open source Python library for the control of microscopes (2021)

Abstract Custom built microscopes often require control of multiple hardware devices and precise hardware coordination. It is also desirable to have a solution that is scalable to complex systems and translatable between components from different manufacturers. Here we report Python-Microscope, a free and open source Python library for high performance control of arbitrarily complex and scalable custom microscope systems. Python-Microscope offers simple to use Python-based tools, abstracting differences between physical devices by providing a defined interface for different device types. Concrete implementations are provided for a range of specific hardware and a framework exists for further expansion. Python-Microscope supports the distribution of devices over multiple computers while maintaining synchronisation via highly precise hardware triggers. We discuss the architecture choices of Python-Microscope that overcome the performance problems often raised against Python and demonstrate the different use cases that drove its design: its integration in user facing projects, namely in the Microscope-Cockpit project; in controlling complex microscopes at high speed while using the Python programming language; and as a microscope simulation tool for software development.
A systematic review of the factors associated with the initiation of biologicals in patients with rheumatological conditions (2018)

Forty two factors of five different categories were found to be associated with biologicals' initiation for patients with rheumatological conditions. Clinicians need to be mindful of the complex nature of these factors to optimise therapy of patients with rheumatological conditions. Healthcare institutions and policy- makers ought to be aware of any potential barriers to successful biologicals' treatment and address them accordingly.
Clinical Trials of Immunotherapy of Cancer Utilizing Cytotoxic Cells (1993)

Standard therapies for patients with cancer have traditionally included surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Since the 1960s, however, there has been increasing interest in the use of a biologic or immunologic therapy to treat cancer in man (Rosenberg et al., 1989a; Rosenberg, 1991). Within the realm of biologic therapy, the greatest therapeutic promise lies with manipulations of the cellular arm of the immune system, since cellular host mechanisms are responsible for elimination of transplanted tissues bearing foreign proteins (Rosenberg and Terry, 1977).
A common trans-acting factor, Ad4-binding protein, to the promoters of steroidogenic P-450s. (1992)

Previous studies of bovine CYP11B1 gene regulation revealed six cis-acting elements, Ad1, Ad2, Ad3, Ad4, Ad5, and Ad6, in the 5' upstream region of the gene. Ad4 site was a positive transcription element in the stimulation by cAMP. Ad4-binding protein (Ad4BP) was purified from the nuclear extract of bovine adrenal cortex using affinity latex particles conjugated with polymerized Ad4 sequences. The molecular mass of the purified Ad4BP estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was approximately 53 kDa. To characterize the binding specificity of Ad4BP, oligonucleotides homologous to Ad4 sequence and AGGTCA containing sequences in the promoter regions of steroidogenic P-450s were synthesized and used for gel shift analyses as competitors. The competition experiments revealed that Ad4BP bound not only to (C/T)CAAGG(T/C)(C/T), which was originally identified as the Ad4 binding site, but also to (Pu)PuPuAGGTCA. All the steroidogenic P-450 genes examined had at least one Ad4BP binding sequence. Experiments with model sequences containing various nucleotide substitutions established that (C/T)CAAGG(T/C)CA is the strongest binding sequence for Ad4BP. The expression of Ad4BP was examined with adrenal cortex cells and several other steroidogenic and nonsteroidogenic cells. Only the steroidogenic cells, the granulosa cells of bovine ovary, and I-10 cells derived from mouse Leydig cells, expressed the binding activity to Ad4 site. The presence of Ad4 site as a common cis-acting element in the genes of all the steroidogenic P-450s and the steroidogenic tissue-specific expression of Ad4BP strongly suggests that Ad4BP is an indispensable transcription factor for the expression of all the steroidogenic P-450 genes.
Can EDA combat the rise of electronic counterfeiting? (2012)

The Semiconductor Industry Associates (SIA) estimates that counterfeiting costs the US semiconductor companies $7.5B in lost revenue, and this is indeed a growing global problem. Repackaging the old ICs, selling the failed test parts, as well as gray marketing, are the most dominant counterfeiting practices. Can technology do a better job than lawyers? What are the technical challenges to be addressed? What EDA technologies will work: embedding IP protection measures in the design phase, developing rapid post- silicon certification, or counterfeit detection tools and methods?
Greedy cuts (1998)

Article Greedy cuts: an advancing front terrain triangulation algorithm Share on Authors: Cláudio T. Silva Visual and Geometric Computing Group, P.O. Box 704, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY Visual and Geometric Computing Group, P.O. Box 704, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Joseph S. B. Mitchell Department of Applied Mathematics and Staisfics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY Department of Applied Mathematics and Staisfics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims GIS '98: Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systemsNovember 1998 Pages 137–144https://doi.org/10.1145/288692.288717Online:01 November 1998Publication History 7citation384DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads384Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors Inhibit Phorbol Myristate Acetate and Cytokine-Induced HIV-1 Expression Chronically Infected U1 Cells (1996)

Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) binding protein-1 (r-h TBP-1) and recombinant human soluble dimeric TNF receptor (rhu TNFR:Fc) were used to determine the relative contributions of TNF to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and cytokine-induced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in chronically infected cell lines. Treatment of HIV-1-infected promonocytic U1 cells with r-h-TBP-1 or rhu TNFR:Fc reduced PMA-induced HIV-1 p24 antigen production in a concentration-dependent manner, with a maximal inhibition of approximately 90%. Maximal inhibition of p24 antigen production in T-lymphocytic ACH-2 cells was 47% with r-hTBP-1 and 42% with rhu TNFR:Fc. r-hTBP-1 and rhu TNFR:Fc also decreased p24 antigen synthesized by U1 cells in response to other stimuli, including phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced supernatant, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, and TNF. Addition of r-hTBP-1 to U1 cells during the last 4 h of a 24 h incubation with PMA still inhibited p24 antigen production by 15%. U1 cells stimulated with 10(-7) M PMA released approximately 1 ng/ml endogenous TBP-1 with an initial peak observed at 1 h and a second peak at 24 h after PMA stimulation. r-hTBP-1 also partially reversed inhibition of U1 cellular proliferation caused by PMA. Both r-hTBP-1 and rhu TNFR:Fc blocked PMA induction of nuclear factor (NK)- kappa B DNA-binding activity in U1 cells in association with decreases in HIV-1 replication. We conclude that soluble TNF receptors can inhibit stimuli-induced HIV-1 expression and NK- kappa B DNA-binding activity in chronically infected U1 cells.
Psychophysical investigations of the temporal modulation sensitivity function in amblyopia: uniform field flicker. (1982)

The temporal modulation sensitivity function was studied in eight strabismic and/or anisometropic amblyopes and in two subjects with amblyopia resulting from monocular stimulus deprivation (cataract and ptosis). Half of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes showed a reduction in the sensitivity of the amblyopic eye. These differences were more marked at low and middle temporal frequencies. Two strabismic/anisometropic observers showed little difference in sensitivity between the two eyes, but in the remaining two observers the amblyopic eye was slightly more sensitive to low-frequency modulation than was the nonamblyopic eye. Four of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes also showed a small (5% to 10%) but statistically significant difference in the critical fusion frequency, with the sensitivity of the amblyopic eye being reduced. These differences in sensitivity were not related to the visual acuity loss. However, all differences in sensitivity between the two eyes were reduced or eliminated when the mean luminance of the test field was decreased by 2 log units form 32 to 0.32 cd/m2, or with suprathreshold stimulation. One of the two stimulus-deprivation amblyopes showed a decrease in sensitivity to low and middle temporal modulation frequencies similar to that found in four of in sensitivity to low and middle temporal modulation frequencies similar to similar to that found in four of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes, and the other observer showed a marked decrease in sensitivity at all temporal frequencies. The losses in temporal resolution of the amblyopic eye in both strabismic/anisometropic and stimulus-deprivation amblyopia are small in comparison with those reported in the spatial domain.
Siamese High-Level Feature Refine Network for Visual Object Tracking (2020)

Siamese network-based trackers are broadly applied to solve visual tracking problems due to its balanced performance in terms of speed and accuracy. Tracking desired objects in challenging scenarios is still one of the fundamental concerns during visual tracking. This research paper proposes a feature refined end-to-end tracking framework with real-time tracking speed and considerable performance. The feature refine network has been incorporated to enhance the target feature representation power, utilizing high-level semantic information. Besides, it allows the network to capture the salient information to locate the target and learns to represent the target feature in a more generalized way advancing the overall tracking performance, particularly in the challenging sequences. But, only the feature refine module is unable to handle such challenges because of its less discriminative ability. To overcome this difficulty, we employ an attention module inside the feature refine network that strengths the tracker discrimination ability between the target and background. Furthermore, we conduct extensive experiments to ensure the proposed tracker’s effectiveness using several popular tracking benchmarks, demonstrating that our proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance over other trackers.
Faraday in the Fab: A Look at Copper Plating Equipment for On-Chip Wiring (2004)

It has been interesting to watch the growth and development of copper interconnects on silicon chips in the seven years that have passed since IBM announced that it would use electrodeposited copper for the wiring structure of its 0.25-micrometer CMOS7 microprocessor.
Effects of Ampholyte Dissociation Constants on Protein Separation in On-Chip Isoelectric Focusing (2008)

Numerical simulations are presented for ampholyte-based isoelectric focusing in 2D microgeometries. In this study, model proteins are focused in the presence of 25 biprotic ampholytes under an applied electric field. Each protein is considered as a simple polypeptide having ten charge states, while the biprotic ampholytes are selected to generate a shallow pH range of 6 to 9. Straight and contraction-expansion microchannels are considered here, and a nominal electric field of 300 V/cm is maintained for separation of proteins. Six distinct values of deltapKs between 1 and 3.5 are investigated for ampholytes to form pH profiles in a 1 cm long microchannel. Simulation results show that relatively larger values of deltapK(deltapK > 3) are required to form stepless pH profiles in the system. The peak heights and differential resolutions of focused proteins are much higher for lower values of deltapK for which a stepped pH profile is evident. For each protein, the time it takes for the two edges of a peak to merge increases linearly with deltapK, while the focusing time goes up exponentially with increasing deltapK. Both merging and focusing times of protein are higher for contraction-expansion microchannel than those of straight microchannel. For a particular value of deltapK, the contracted "Zoom" region of contraction-expansion channel is able to form more tightly focused bands than the expanded region.
Understanding the differences between value prediction and instruction reuse (2002)

Recently two hardware techniques-Value Prediction (VP) and instruction proposed for exploiting the redundancy in programs to collapse data dependences. In this paper we attempt to understand the different ways in which VP and IR interact with other microarchitectural features and the impact of such interactions on net performance. More specifically we perform the following tasks: (i) we identify, the various differences between the two techniques and qualitatively discuss their microarchitectural interactions, (ii) we evaluate the impact on performance of these interactions, and (iii) since IR is more restrictive of the two techniques, we also estimate the amount of total redundancy, present in programs, that can be captured by IR. Our results show that the performance obtained by VP is sensitive to the way branches with value-speculative operands are handled. We also see that, although IR captures less amount of redundancy, it may perform equally well because it validates results early, it is non-speculative, and it reduces branch misprediction penalty. Finally, we show that 84-97% of redundancy in programs can be reused, implying that the approach of detecting redundant instructions non-speculatively, based on their operands, does not significantly restrict W's ability to capture redundancy present in programs.
55.1 Invited Paper: Liquid Crystals for Smart Antennas and Other Microwave Applications (2015)

Liquid Crystal mixtures to be used in microwave components operated at frequency ranges from 10 up to 100 GHz have been developed. In this frequency range they exhibit high tuning ranges and relatively low dielectric losses. They exhibit a very broad nematic phase, ranging from as low as ‐40 up to 120°C and more and relatively high polarity to ensure acceptable driving voltages to be used in planar LC‐based smart antenna devices.
<title>Nanophotonics: devices and applications</title> (1998)

An introduction to the merging field of nano-photonics is given, with emphasis on device realizations and applications. Due to the small size and high efficiency of these devices, nano-photonics has the potential for high- density integration, leading to VLSI photonics. We discuss our work in recent year on the microdisk laser, micro-ring photonic wire lasers, and microring resonators. These are among some of the smallest lasers and modulators ever fabricated. The physics of the modification of spontaneous emission rates with low-dimensional photonic structures is discussed briefly. The nanofabrications of these devices are described. A model of the microcavity resonator is then presented, which provides useful design rules as well as insights into alternative coupling structures that significantly increase the coupling length.
Internal mobile antenna for LTE / DCN / US-PCS (2010)

An internal mobile antenna operating in LTE full band (698 – 806 MHz), DCN and US-PCS (1850 – 1990 MHz) is proposed. To attain the wide bandwidth of low frequency from 700 MHz frequency band, the monopole structure is used to configure the intenna instead of using PIFA. Due to the restriction of the PCB and antenna carrier size, the changed monopole patch inserting a parasitic element in a slit to make the electrical length longer and the current flow aligned to the same direction is applied to satisfy the bandwidth of LTE frequency band. The antenna was fabricated and its measured results of return loss and radiation patterns at each frequency bands are presented. FR4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 was used. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 40 × 100 × 5 mm3.
Radar Warning and Information System for Applications in Disaster Management (RAWIS) (2017)

The radar warning and information system for applications in disaster management (RAWIS) is being designed and constructed in a consortium comprising eight partners. It is intended for civil protection applications and will support emergency teams engaged in complex mission contexts. This paper gives an overview of the overall project and addresses some aspects of the sub-projects.
AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors on single-crystal bulk AlN (2003)

We report on the performance of AlGaN/GaN/AlN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) grown over slightly-off c-axis, single-crystal, bulk AlN substrates. Dc and rf characteristics of these devices were comparable to HFETs grown on semi-insulating SiC. The obtained results demonstrate that bulk AlN substrates are suitable for fabricating high-power microwave AlGaN/GaN transistors.
Negative refraction and imaging using plasmonic slabs and layers (2006)

Summary form only given. Double-negative medium, with permittivity and permeability simultaneously negative, exhibits a negative value of the refractive index and the resulting negative refraction has been demonstrated. One interesting property of a double-negative medium is that a thin flat slab can serve as a superlens, but realizing double-negative media in optical frequencies is rather difficult that there is a strong urge to find substitutes that are easier to realize and more robust to operate.
Hierarchical Nanotexturing Enables Acoustofluidics on Slippery yet Sticky, Flexible Surfaces (2020)

The ability to actuate liquids remains a fundamental challenge in smart microsystems, such as those for soft robotics, where devices often need to conform to either natural or three-dimensional solid shapes, in various orientations. Here, we propose a hierarchical nanotexturing of piezoelectric films as active microfluidic actuators, exploiting a unique combination of both topographical and chemical properties on flexible surfaces, while also introducing design concepts of shear hydrophobicity and tensile hydrophilicity. In doing so, we create nanostructured surfaces that are, at the same time, both slippery (low in-plane pinning) and sticky (high normal-to-plane liquid adhesion). By enabling fluid transportation on such arbitrarily shaped surfaces, we demonstrate efficient fluid motions on inclined, vertical, inverted, or even flexible geometries in three dimensions. Such surfaces can also be deformed and then reformed into their original shapes, thereby paving the way for advanced microfluidic applications.
Laser-Assisted Photoemission from Surfaces driven by Long-Wavelength Infrared light (2009)

We demonstrate experimentally the advantages of driving laser-assisted photoemission from surfaces with long-wavelength-IR light. We show that applications in probing surface dynamics benefit from using longer-wavelengths since many side effects of strong fields are suppressed.
Excitation area dependence of lasing modes in thin hexagonal GaN microdisks (2015)

Abstract Thin, hexagonal GaN microdisks act as optical microcavities based on the whispering gallery mode (WGM) and the quasi-WGM that can cause lasing action. We investigated the relationship between the excitation area in regular and asymmetric thin, hexagonal GaN microdisks as well as the characteristics of these lasing modes using a room temperature photoluminescence mapping technique under high-excitation conditions. The lasing modes that are preferentially exhibited in a thin asymmetric hexagonal GaN microdisk were found to depend on the most strongly excited area in the microdisk. This behavior is potentially useful for optical micro switches and similar applications.
Playing catch-up in building an open research commons (2022)

As efforts advance around the globe, the US falls behind.
Unreacted equations of state of sylgard and hexanitroazobenzene determined by ultrafast time domain interferometry. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Purkinje-Enriched snRNA-seq in SCA7 Cerebellum Reveals Zebrin Identity Loss as a Central Feature of Polyglutamine Ataxias (2023)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG-polyglutamine repeat expansion. SCA7 patients display a striking loss of Purkinje cell (PC) neurons with disease progression; however, PCs are rare, making them difficult to characterize. We developed a PC nuclei enrichment protocol and applied it to single-nucleus RNA-seq of a SCA7 knock-in mouse model. Our results unify prior observations into a central mechanism of cell identity loss, impacting both glia and PCs, driving accumulation of inhibitory synapses and altered PC spiking. Zebrin-II subtype dysregulation is the predominant signal in PCs, leading to complete loss of zebrin-II striping at motor symptom onset in SCA7 mice. We show this zebrin-II subtype degradation is shared across Polyglutamine Ataxia mouse models and SCA7 patients. It has been speculated that PC subtype organization is critical for cerebellar function, and our results suggest that a breakdown of zebrin-II parasagittal striping is pathological.
Pharmaceutical development of IPI‐504, an Hsp90 inhibitor and clinical candidate for the treatment of cancer (2010)

Abstract IPI‐504 (retaspimycin hydrochloride) is an Hsp90 inhibitor that is the subject of multiple clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. IPI‐504 is an aqueous soluble (&gt;200 mg/ml) hydroquinone hydrochloride salt of 17‐(allylamino)‐17‐demethoxygeldanamycin (17‐AAG), a quinone derivative also undergoing clinical evaluation, albeit with suboptimal formulations that address its inferior aqueous solubility (∼50 µg/ml). IPI‐504 interconverts with 17‐AAG in vivo through oxidation‐reduction reactions that result in a dynamic redox equilibrium. The development challenges associated with redox active molecules are significant due to the pH, oxygen, and temperature sensitivities associated with such chemotypes. The API and sterile drug product manufacturing processes thus warrant the monitoring and control of these key variables. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical development challenges associated with cancer agents that are often fast‐tracked due to unmet medical needs mandate a rapid development cycle with associated regulatory hurdles. Drug Dev Res 71: 429–438, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.