gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Grain Double Cation Perovskites with 18 μs Lifetime and High Luminescence Yield for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells (2021)

Recent advancements in perovskite solar cell performance were achieved by stabilizing the α-phase of FAPbI3 in nip-type architectures. However, these advancements could not be directly translated to pin-type devices. Here, we fabricated a high-quality double cation perovskite (MA0.07FA0.93PbI3) with low bandgap energy (1.54 eV) using a two-step approach on a standard polymer (PTAA). The perovskite films exhibit large grains (∼1 μm), high external photoluminescence quantum yields of 20%, and outstanding Shockley–Read–Hall carrier lifetimes of 18.2 μs without further passivation. The exceptional optoelectronic quality of the neat material was translated into efficient pin-type cells (up to 22.5%) with improved stability under illumination. The low-gap cells stand out by their high fill factor (∼83%) due to reduced charge transport losses and short-circuit currents >24 mA cm–2. Using intensity-dependent quasi-Fermi level splitting measurements, we quantify an implied efficiency of 28.4% in the neat material, which can be realized by minimizing interfacial recombination and optical losses.
Advanced UCT cleaning process based on specific gases dissolved ultrapure water (2003)

Advanced UCT cleaning process based on specific gases dissolved ultrapure water was developed. It is very simple process consisted of only 4 steps as follows: ozonated ultrapure water cleaning; small amount of ammonia added hydrogenated ultrapure water with megasonic irradiation cleaning; hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide mixture cleaning; and hydrogenated ultrapure water rinse. Compared with previous UCT, it is characterized by a removing process using an organic chemical such as a surfactant, so waste water from this process is easy to reclaim. This cleaning technology is also effective for promoting ESH (Environment, Safety and Health) in semiconductor manufacturing, the reason why the usage of chemicals and water for wafer cleaning can be drastically reduced. The advanced UCT cleaning process is very suitable for contamination-free surfaces as well as cost reduction for future device fabrication.
Variable-inverter-rectifier-transformer: a hybrid electronic and magnetic structure enabling adjustable high step-down conversion ratios (2017)

This paper proposes a hybrid electronic and magnetic structure that enables transformers with “fractional” and reconfigurable turns ratios (e.g. 12:0.5, 12:1, 12:2). This functionality is valuable in converters with wide operating voltage ranges and high step-up/down, as it offers a means to reduce copper loss within the transformer while also facilitating voltage doubling and quadrupling. We introduce the principle of operation of the structure and present models for its magnetic and electrical behaviour. An experimental prototype capable of accommodating a widely varying input (120-380 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> ) and output (5, 9, 12V) validates the operating principle and modelling of the proposed structure and achieves conversion efficiencies between 93.4% and 95.7% at 25-36 W.
Targeting of the NLRP3 Inflammasome for early COVID-19 (2021)

Abstract Following entry and replication of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) into ACE2 expressing cells, the infected cells undergo lysis releasing more virus but also cell contents. In the lung, constitutive cytokines such as IL-1α are released together with other cell contents. A cascade of inflammatory cytokines ensues, including chemokines and IL-1β, triggering both local as well as systemic inflammation. This cascade of inflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID-19 is termed “Cytokine Release Syndrome” (CRS), and is associated with poor outcomes and death. Many studies reveal that blocking IL-1 activities in COVID-19 patients reduces disease severity and deaths. Here we report highly significant circulating levels of IL-1β, IL-1 Receptor antagonist, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10 and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in COVID-19 patients with mild or no symptoms. We also report that in circulating myeloid cells from the same patients, there is increased expression of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) early in the infection. We observed increased NLRP3 gene expression in myeloid cells correlated with IL-1β gene expression and also with elevated circulating IL-1β levels. We conclude that early in SARS-CoV-2 infection, NLRP3 activation takes place and initiates the CRS. Thus, NLRP3 is a target to reduce the organ damage of inflammatory cytokines of the CRS.
Gender-Associated Genes in Filarial Nematodes Are Important for Reproduction and Potential Intervention Targets (2011)

Genome-wide expression profiling coupled with a robust bioinformatics analysis has greatly expanded our understanding of the molecular biology of reproduction in filarial nematodes. This study has highlighted key molecules and pathways associated with reproductive and other biological processes and identified numerous potential candidates for rational drug design to target reproductive processes.
Hypothermic Ex Situ Perfusion of Human Limbs With Acellular Solution for 24 Hours (2020)

Hypothermic ex situ perfusion with an oxygenated acellular Steen solution may extend the allowable extracorporeal preservation time by a factor of 4-6 compared to SCS and holds promise to be beneficial for vascularized composite allograft recipients and victims of traumatic major limb amputation.
Optimizing 3D multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (2013)

We present a new optimization concept for 3D multiphoton fluorescence microscopy by finding the optimal excitation beam giving rise to the smallest possible light-emitting volume or the highest possible signal to noise ratio (SNR).
Data from UCP2 Knockout Suppresses Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mitochondrial uncoupling (uncouples electron transport from ATP production) has recently been proposed as a novel survival mechanism for cancer cells, and reduction in free radical generation is the accepted mechanism of action. However, there is no direct evidence supporting that uncoupling proteins promote carcinogenesis. Herein, we examined whether mitochondrial uncoupling affects mouse skin carcinogenesis using uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) homozygous knockout and wild-type mice. The results indicate that knockout of &lt;i&gt;Ucp2&lt;/i&gt; significantly reduced the formation of both benign (papilloma) and malignant (squamous cell carcinoma) tumors. UCP2 knockout did not cause increases in apoptosis during skin carcinogenesis. The rates of oxygen consumption were decreased only in the carcinogen-treated UCP2 knockout mice, whereas glycolysis was increased only in the carcinogen-treated wild-type mice. Finally, the levels of metabolites pyruvate, malate, and succinate showed different trends after carcinogen treatments between the wild-type and UCP2 knockout mice. Our study is the first to demonstrate that &lt;i&gt;Ucp2&lt;/i&gt; knockout suppresses carcinogenesis &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Together with early studies showing that UCP2 is overexpressed in a number of human cancers, UCP2 could be a potential target for cancer prevention and/or therapy. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 8(6); 487–91. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Charge-Gated Transport of Proteins in Nanostructured Optical Films of Mesoporous Silica (2011)

The admission into and diffusion through nanoscale pores by molecules is a fundamental process of great importance to biology and separations science. Systems (e.g., chromatography, electrophoresis) designed to harness such processes tend to remove the separation process from the detection event, both spatially and temporally. Here, we describe the preparation and characterization of thin optical Fabry-Pérot films of mesoporous silica (pSiO(2)) that can detect protein infiltration by optical interferometry, which probes the separation process in real time and in the same ultrasmall physical volume (5 nL). Admission of a protein into the pores is controlled by the diameter (∼50 nm) and the surface charge of the pores, and both the rate and the degree of protein infiltration are a function of solution pH. Test proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA, 66 kDa), bovine hemoglobin (BHb, 65 kDa), and equine myoglobin (EMb, 18 kDa) are admitted to or excluded from the nanophase pores of this material based on their size and charge. The rate of protein transport within the pores of the pSiO(2) film is slowed by 3 orders of magnitude relative to the free-solution diffusion values, and it is maximized when pH = pI.
Overexpression of Regulatory T Cells Type 1 (Tr1) Specific Markers in a Patient with HCV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important causative agent of liver disease, but factors that determine the resolution or progression of infection are poorly understood. In this study, we suggested that existence of immunosuppressive mechanisms, supported by regulatory T cells and especially the regulatory T cell 1 subset (Tr1), may explain the impaired immune response during infection and thus the fibrosis aggravation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using quantitative real-time PCR, we investigated the intra-hepatic presence of Tr1 cells in biopsies from a genotype 1b infected patient followed for an 18-year period from cirrhosis to HCC. We described a significant increase of gene expression in particular for the cytokines IL-10, TGF- β , and their receptors that were perfectly correlated with an increased expression of the Tr1 specific markers (combined expression of CD4, CD18, and CD49b). This was strongly marked since the patient evolved in the pathology and could explain the failure of the treatment. In conclusion, evidence of regulatory T cell installation in the liver of chronically infected patient with cirrhosis and HCC suggests for the first time a key role for these cells in the course of HCV infection.
The natural compound fucoidan from New Zealand Undaria pinnatifida synergizes with the ERBB inhibitor lapatinib enhancing melanoma growth inhibition (2017)

Melanoma remains one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant cancers. Finding new treatments to improve patient outcomes is an ongoing effort. We previously demonstrated that melanoma relies on the activation of ERBB signaling, specifically of the ERBB3/ERBB2 cascade. Here we show that melanoma tumor growth is inhibited by 60% over controls when treated with lapatinib, a clinically approved inhibitor of ERBB2/EGFR. Importantly, tumor growth is further inhibited to 85% when the natural compound fucoidan from New Zealand U. pinnatifida is integrated into the treatment regimen. Fucoidan not only enhances tumor growth inhibition, it counteracts the morbidity associated with prolonged lapatinib treatment. Fucoidan doubles the cell killing capacity of lapatinib. These effects are associated with a further decrease in AKT and NFκB signaling, two key pathways involved in melanoma cell survival. Importantly, the enhancing cell killing effects of fucoidan can be recapitulated by inhibiting ERBB3 by either a specific shRNA or a novel, selective ERBB3 neutralizing antibody, reiterating the key roles played by this receptor in melanoma. We therefore propose the use of lapatinib or specific ERBB inhibitors, in combination with fucoidan as a new treatment of melanoma that potentiates the effects of the inhibitors while protecting from their potential side effects.
Prospects of gigascale integration (GSI) beyond 2003 (1993)

The authors suggest that beyond 2003, further opportunities for GSI will be governed by a hierarchy of theoretical and practical limits whose levels can be codified as: (1) fundamental, (2) material, (3) device, (4) circuit, and (5) system. Theoretical limits are elucidated by plotting the average power dissipation during a binary switching transition of a logic gate P versus the corresponding gate delay time t/sub d/ and the reciprocal length squared of an interconnect versus the response time of the interconnect circuit. Using both the hierarchy of theoretical limits and the history of practical limits as guides, a one-billion-transistor chip is again projected by the year 2000 and the possibility of a one-trillion-transistor chip by the year 2020 is suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Ketene‐Surrogate Coupling: Catalytic Conversion of Aryl Iodides into Aryl Ketenes through Ynol Ethers (2014)

Abstract tert ‐Butoxyacetylene is shown to undergo Sonogashira coupling with aryl iodides to yield aryl‐substituted tert‐butyl ynol ethers. These intermediates participate in a [1,5]‐hydride shift, which results in the extrusion of isobutylene and the generation of aryl ketenes. The ketenes are trapped in situ with multiple nucleophiles or undergo electrocyclic ring closure to yield hydroxynaphthalenes and quinolines.
Toward Using Text Summarization for Essay-Based Feedback (2000)

We empirically study the impact of using automatically generated summaries in the context of electronic essay rating. Our results indicate that 40% and 60% discourse-based essay summaries improve the performance of the topical analysis module of e-rater. E-rater is a system that electronically scores GMAT essays. We envision using automatically generated essay summaries for instructional feedback, as a supplement to the e-rater score. 1. Introduction Educational Testing Service (ETS) has been successfully using their automated essay scoring system, e-rater, as one of the two readers for the Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA). The system was designed to score essays based on holistic scoring guides (scoring rubrics) - see http://www.gmat.org for sample scoring rubrics. Holistic scoring guides instruct the human reader to assign an essay score based on the general quality of writing characteristics in an essay. For instance, the reader is to ...
High brightness InP micropillars grown on silicon with Fermi-level splits larger than 1 eV (2013)

The synthesis of III-V nanowires on silicon substrates is promising for reducing the manufacturing and balance-of-systems costs of III-V based photovoltaics. However, performances of III-V nanowire based solar cells have not yet been close to their bulk counterparts as nanostructures are fundamentally challenged by enhanced non-radiative losses due to their large surface-to-volume ratios, resulting in significantly reduced external fluorescence yields for spontaneous emission and therewith serious penalties in the open-circuit voltage. In this work, we report characteristics of micron-sized, single-crystalline, Wurzite-phased InP crystals directly grown on silicon substrates for photovoltaics applications. We found that under illumination intensities equivalent to 1 sun Fermi level splits can reach 0.89 eV in undoped InP pillars, 0.53 eV below the bandgap of wurtzite InP material at 1.42 e V. The brightness of pillars can be improved by doping the pillars which boosts radiative recombination rates inside the material and increases the brightness by more than an order of magnitude. In n-doped pillars, whose absorption edge is shifted to 1.49 eV due to the Burstein-Moss effect, Fermi-level splits larger than 1 eV are found, 0.46 eV below the absorption edge. Long non-radiative carrier lifetimes of 6.9 ns at room temprature further attest to the quality of the pillars. These results confirm that InP is a promising materials choice for photovoltaic devices in which the light absorber exhibits large surface-to-volume ratios.
Intra-operative 3D micro-coil imaging using subsampled tomographic acquisition patterns on a biplane C-arm system (2016)

International audience
Development of an aqueous synthesis route for nano-crystalline PLZT. (2010)

Electrocorticogram can be used to define the location and extent of epileptic foci during epilepsy surgery. However, electrocorticogram can be affected by anesthetic technique. The present study found that sevoflurane concentration and hyperventilation affected the frequency and the extent of electrocorticogram spike activity in epileptic patients.
A Multi-band Solution for Interacting with Energy-Neutral Devices (2022)

RF Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) emerges as a technology for charging autonomous devices, enabling simultaneous power and information transfer. However, with increasing distance, single-input, single-channel rectenna systems are not able to meet the power requirements of large scale IoT applications. In this paper, we tackle this problem on two levels. First, we minimize the energy consumption at the energy-constrained device on three levels. Second, we evolve to a dual-band solution increasing RF WPT. One frequency band is used to provide a base charge to many nodes in a shared transmission. Beam steering, on the other hand, allows for more power hungry operations while introducing as minimal interference as possible. We showcase this method for a hybrid RF-acoustic positioning system. Practical measurements conducted in a multi-antenna indoor testbed (Techtile) show the additional power gain and positioning rate.
Assessment of a self-assembling peptide gel, SPG-178, in providing a clear operative field for trabeculectomy surgery for glaucoma in an animal model (2020)

The presence of blood during ophthalmic surgery is problematic, as it can obstruct a surgeon's view of the operative field. This is particularly true when performing trabeculectomy surgery to enhance ocular fluid outflow and reduce intraocular pressure as a treatment for glaucoma, one of the most common vision loss conditions worldwide. In this study, we investigated the performance of a transparent, self-assembling peptide gel (SPG-178) and its ability to maintain visibility during trabeculectomy surgery. Unlike the hyaluronic acid gel commonly used in ophthalmic surgery, SPG-178 did not permit the ingress of blood into the gel itself. Rather, it forced blood to flow peripherally to the gel. Moreover, if bleeding occurred under the SPG-178 gel, perfusion with saline was able to effectively flush the blood away along the interface between the SPG-178 and the ocular tissue (in this case scleral) to clear the surgical field of view. In experimental trabeculectomy surgeries with mitomycin C used as an adjuvant, there were no differences in the postoperative recovery of intraocular pressure or bleb morphology with or without the use of SPG-178. SPG-178, therefore, when used in a gel formulation, represents a new material for use in intraocular surgery to ensure a clear operative field with likely beneficial treatment outcomes.
Palladium‐Catalyzed γ‐Arylation of β,γ‐Unsaturated Ketones: Application to a One‐Pot Synthesis of Tricyclic Indolines (2007)

Indolines in short order: A catalyst system which allows for efficient γ-arylation of β,γ-unsaturated ketones is described (see scheme; dippf=1,1′-bis(diisopropylphosphanyl)ferrocene, dba= trans,trans-dibenzylideneacetone). This method can be applied to a one-pot, two-step synthesis of polycyclic indolines from simple starting materials.
Haemodialysis and Oxidant Stress (1999)

The aim of this book is to provide new insight into the role of oxidant stress in the progression of chronic renal disease and the pathogenesis of the co-morbidities associated with dialysis. Oxidative stress may arise from several sources in the chronically diseased kidney, including infiltrating cells, endogenous renal cells, proteinuric states
Ideally Ordered Anodic Porous Alumina on Si Substrate Prepared by Anodization of Sputtered Al–Mg Thin Film (2021)

Anodic porous alumina with an ideally ordered hole arrangement was formed on a Si substrate by nanoimprinting and subsequent anodization. In this process, the arrayed shallow dimples formed by nanoimprinting using a mold act as initiation sites of hole development during the anodization. To realize the precise transfer of the mold patterns to the Al surface during nanoimprinting, we used sputtered Al alloy film as a starting material. This is because the Al alloy with appropriate impurities as a sputtering target can suppress the crystal grain growth during sputtering and allow the formation of Al alloy films with smooth surfaces on the substrate. Dimple arrays with 100 nm intervals could be formed on the flat surface of the Al–Mg film on the Si substrate. Ideally ordered anodic porous alumina with an interpore distance of 100 nm was successfully obtained by subsequent anodization. A Co/alumina composite was also obtained by the electrodeposition of Co into the alumina holes. The obtained samples are expected to be applied to various functional devices requiring an ideally ordered structure on a substrate.
The T-cell clonal response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients is augmented by anti-TNF therapy and often deficient in antibody-responders (2021)

Age, sex and select immunotherapies are associated with the T-cell clonal response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and T-cell responses are low in many patients despite high antibody levels. These factors, as well as differences seen by vaccine type may help guide reimmunization vaccine strategy in immune-impaired populations. Further study of the effects of anti-TNF therapy on vaccine responses are warranted.
Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy (2014)

• To determine the location of PRG4 tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) in various commercial contact lenses, using a confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) technique.
Minimally displaced tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture in nine skeletally immature large breed dogs (2012)

Minimally displaced tibial-tuberosity-avulsion-fractures should be a differential diagnosis in skeletally immature large breed dogs older than nine months of age with signs of subtle pelvic-limb lameness, and signs of proximal tibial pain, but no evidence of stifle joint disease. Thorough clinical examination and critical review of bilateral radiographs are important to diagnose MDTTAF. The outcome in these cases suggests that the prognosis for MDTTAF is excellent. Age and size of the affected dogs in this study differ from an earlier publication that illustrated more severely displaced tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures, occurring mainly in terriers around five months of age.
Hybrid Nonlinear Transmission Lines Used for RF Soliton Generation (2018)

Nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) have been studied for high-power RF generation with good prospects of applications in pulse radars for remote sensing (SARs) and disruption of communications in the battlefield, for instance. In this paper, two 30-section hybrid NLTLs built using nonlinear inductors and capacitors (2.2- and 10-nF barium titanate ceramic capacitors with 10-μH ferrite bead inductors) will be described. For the test, the line is fed by a negative input pump pulse generated by a 1 kV discharge of a 0.75-μF storage capacitor via a fast 50-ns switching system composed by an insulated gate bipolar transistor switch and its gate circuit driver. In the hybrid line tests, using 2.2-nF ceramic capacitors the maximum soliton generation packet obtained on the middle section had a frequency of the order of 33 MHz with voltage modulation depth (VMD) of around 700 V. For every single shot, approximately 10 RF cycles with small damping were noted. With the hybrid line using 10-nF ceramic capacitors the soliton generation obtained on the middle section reached a frequency of the order 10 MHz and VMD of around 200 V. The main conclusion from this experiment is that hybrid lumped NLTLs may be used to achieve RF in megahertz range with higher VMD compared their counterparts (i.e., capacitive or inductive lines) because of their stronger nonlinearity with the use of both nonlinear elements.