gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultralow resistive wrap around contact to scaled FinFET devices by using ALD-Ti contact metal (2017)

We report on Atomic Layer Deposition Titanium (ALD Ti) for FinFET source/drain contact applications. On planar test structures, we accurately benchmark contact resistivity (ρc) of ALD Ti, ~1.4 × 10-9 Ω · cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on Si:P and ~2.0 × 10-9 Ω·cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on SiGe:B, among to lowest reported values in literature. Ultralow ρc is resulting from enhanced Ti/Si(Ge) reactivity originating in the ALD process. We also demonstrate capability of this process to significantly lower Rc on FinFETs by allowing a lateral contact into the S/D area effectively maximizing the contacting area.
Trio-pharmacophore DNA-encoded chemical library for simultaneous selection of fragments and linkers (2023)

The split-and-pool method has been widely used to synthesize chemical libraries of a large size for early drug discovery, albeit without the possibility of meaningful quality control. In contrast, a self-assembled DNA-encoded chemical library (DEL) allows us to construct an m x n-member library by mixing an m-member and an n-member pre-purified sub-library. Herein, we report a trio-pharmacophore DEL (T-DEL) of m x l x n members through assembling three pre-purified and validated sub-libraries. The middle sub-library is synthesized using DNA-templated synthesis with different reaction mechanisms and designed as a linkage connecting the fragments displayed on the flanking two sub-libraries. Despite assembling three fragments, the resulting compounds do not exceed the up-to-date standard of molecular weight regarding drug-likeness. We demonstrate the utility of T-DEL in linker optimization for known binding fragments against trypsin and carbonic anhydrase II and by de novo selections against matrix metalloprotease-2 and -9.
Polarization-insensitive, high-dispersion TIR diffraction gratings (2004)

TIR diffraction gratings were fabricated with less than 0.6 dB IL and 0.2 dB PDL respectively across a 50-nm bandwidth. Littrow measurements resulted in low PDL across 100-nm bandwidth, with up to 100% diffraction efficiency.
Alignment errors in XY stage metrology (2005)

This paper discusses a fundamental question in the characterization of XY stages: Is the orthogonality error of the stage distinguishable from a target block alignment error without explicitly measuring the target block misalignment? The conclusion reached here is that, in general, this is not possible using any metrology setup or any number of measurements.
Semantics for concurrency without powerdomains (1987)

Article Free Access Share on Semantics for concurrency without powerdomains Author: F. J. Oles Mathematical Sciences Department, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York Mathematical Sciences Department, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New YorkView Profile Authors Info & Claims POPL '87: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of programming languagesOctober 1987 Pages 211–222https://doi.org/10.1145/41625.41644Published:01 October 1987Publication History 4citation169DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads169Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
ACCURACY OF ACETABULAR ALIGNMENT USING INERTIAL AND OPTICAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS DURING HIP ARTHROPLASTY (2023)

Navigation in total hip arthroplasty has been shown to improve acetabular positioning and can decrease the incidence of mal-positioned acetabular components. The aim of this study was to assess two surgical guidance systems by comparing intra-operative measurements of acetabular component inclination and anteversion with a post-operative CT scan. We prospectively collected intra-operative navigation data from 102 hips receiving conventional THA or hip resurfacing arthroplasty through either a direct anterior or posterior approach. Two guidance systems were used simultaneously: an inertial navigation system (INS) and optical navigation system (ONS). Acetabular component anteversion and inclination was measured on a post-operative CT. The average age of the patients was 64 years (range: 24-92) and average BMI was 27 kg/m 2 (range 19-38). 52% had hip surgery through an anterior approach. 98% of the INS measurements and 88% of the ONS measurements were within 10° of the CT measurements. The mean (and standard deviation) of the absolute difference between the post-operative CT and the intra-operative measurements for inclination and anteversion were 3.0° (2.8) and 4.5° (3.2) respectively for the ONS, along with 2.1° (2.3) and 2.4° (2.1) respectively for the INS. There was significantly lower mean absolute difference to CT for the INS when compared to ONS in both anteversion (p&lt;0.001) and inclination (p=0.02). Both types of navigation produced reliable and reproducible acetabular cup positioning. It is important that patient-specific planning and navigation are used together to ensure that surgeons are targeting the optimal acetabular cup position. This assistance with cup positioning can provide benefits over free-hand techniques, especially in patients with an altered acetabular structure or extensive acetabular bone loss. In conclusion, both ONS and INS allowed for adequate acetabular positioning as measured on postoperative CT, and thus provide reliable intraoperative feedback for optimal acetabular component placement.
Hybrid Nanoparticles for Ultra High Density Hydrogen Storage (2011)

The utilization of hydrogen fuel cells is considered as a key means to reduce green house emission and increase energy use efficiency for both commercial and military applications. However, a major drawback of using hydrogen to power a fuel cell is storage procedures. If this is overcome, the advances of a hydrogen fuel cell economy could be fully realized. Current methods of storing hydrogen in a gaseous or liquid form do not offer the energy density of conventional gasoline per unit volume, and these means are problematic with respect to support systems and potential fire and safety hazards. The storage of hydrogen in metal hydrides is another method that has received considerable research over the past 3-4 decades, but the gravimetric storage densities have reached a plateau of about 3-6 percent by weight. Recent advances with nano-materials have shown the potential for significant enhancements to hydrogen storage with respect to storage density and also related logistics such as pressure and kinetics of hydrogen delivery. In this study, we propose to achieve improved hydrogen storage capacity of nanoparticles by forming Ultra-High-Density Hydrogen (UHDH) nanoclusters. The prospect is that this approach will break the current hydrogen storage plateau, and reach weight percentages much above 6%.
Pseudomonas aeruginosaExoenzyme S Induces Transcriptional Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines (2000)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of cystic fibrosis patients causes lung damage that is substantially orchestrated by cytokines. In this study, multi-gene probe analysis was used to characterize the ability of the P. aeruginosa mitogen, exoenzyme S, to induce proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines and chemokines. Exoenzyme S strongly induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1alpha [IL-1alpha], IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, RANTES, and I-309), modest transcription of immunoregulatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12p40), and weak transcription of Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and gamma interferon). The response occurred early and subsided without evolving over time. These data suggest that cells responding to exoenzyme S would rapidly express proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that may contribute to pulmonary inflammation in cystic fibrosis.
Glycolysis of PET Using 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium-2-Carboxylate as an Organocatalyst (2020)

The use of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-carboxylate as an organocatalyst for the glycolysis of waste PET, poly(ethylene terephthalate), is reported for the first time. Postconsumer PET was completely depolymerized in less than 1 h at 180 °C with up to 60% of bis(2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate) (BHET) recovered by precipitation after cooling the reaction mixture. Under comparable conditions, the basic ionic liquid, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, was a significantly less effective catalyst suggesting that catalysis occurs through formation of a nucleophilic N-heterocyclic carbene.
Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy of the metabolic rate of oxygen in a mouse renal tumor model (2015)

We propose using noninvasive longitudinal optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (L-ORPAM) to quantify blood flow flux, oxygen saturation (sO<sub>2</sub>), and thereby the metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO<sub>2</sub>), for a renal tumor model in the same mouse over weeks to months. Experiments showed that the sO2 difference between the artery and vein decreased greatly due to the arteriovenous shunting effect during tumor growth. Moreover, hypermetabolism was exhibited by an increase in MRO<sub>2</sub>.
Topological Requirements for CI-M6PR-Mediated Cell Uptake (2019)

The 300 kDa cation-independent M6P receptor (CI-MPR) mediates ligand internalization and trafficking to the endolysosomal compartments. Because of its endocytotic nature, it has been recognized as a promising class of receptors for target component delivery. Its cellular uptake involves the simultaneous binding of two protein units resulting in the formation of receptor dimers. While many multivalent glycoconjugates have been reported to date, little is known about the topological requests to induce an effective recruitment of CI-MPRs. We herein describe the synthesis and cell uptake ability of a set of highly organized glycoclusters bearing one to three saccharide units. The spatial arrangement of carbohydrate ligands is ensured by a heterocyclic γ-peptide central core.
Impact of Left Atrial Appendage Closure During Cardiac Surgery on the Occurrence of Early Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation, Stroke, and Mortality (2016)

After adjustment for treatment allocation bias, LAA closure during routine cardiac surgery was significantly associated with an increased risk of early POAF, but it did not influence the risk of stroke or mortality. It remains uncertain whether prophylactic exclusion of the LAA is warranted for stroke prevention during non-atrial fibrillation-related cardiac surgery.
Endogenous Hypothalamic Somatostatins Differentially Regulate Growth Hormone Secretion from Goldfish Pituitary Somatotropes in Vitro (2003)

Using Southern blot analysis of RT-PCR products, mRNA for three different somatostatin (SS) precursors (PSS-I, -II, and -III), which encode for SS(14), goldfish brain (gb)SS(28), and [Pro(2)]SS(14), respectively, were detected in goldfish hypothalamus. PSS-I and -II mRNA, but not PSS-III mRNA, were also detected in cultured pituitary cells. We subsequently examined the effects of the mature peptides, SS(14), gbSS(28), and [Pro(2)]SS(14), on somatotrope signaling and GH secretion. The gbSS(28) was more potent than either SS(14) or [Pro(2)]SS(14) in reducing basal GH release but was the least effective in reducing basal cellular cAMP. The ability of SS(14), [Pro(2)]SS(14), and gbSS(28) to attenuate GH responses to GnRH were comparable. However, gbSS(28) was less effective than SS(14) and [Pro(2)]SS(14) in diminishing dopamine- and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-stimulated GH release, as well as GH release resulting from the activation of their underlying signaling cascades. In contrast, the actions of a different 28-amino-acid SS, mammalian SS(28), were more similar to those of SS(14) and [Pro(2)]SS(14). We conclude that, in goldfish, SSs differentially couple to the intracellular cascades regulating GH secretion from pituitary somatotropes. This raises the possibility that such differences may allow for the selective regulation of various aspects of somatotrope function by different SS peptides.
Description of a novel Janus kinase 3 P132A mutation in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and demonstration of previously reported Janus kinase 3 mutations in normal subjects (2011)

Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) are frequently seen in myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). Meanwhile, JAK3 activating substitutions have been found in a few megakaryocytic cell lines and in primary myeloid leukemia (AMKL). Here, we sought to discover novel leukemogenetic mutations in de novo acute myeloid leukemia of non-Down syndrome (N-DS) by DNA sequencing. A total of 191 normal Caucasian individuals were studied to define single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the JH2 and JH6 domains. Although known activating substitutions were observed in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (V722I [2/134] or P132T [1/119]), all samples were wild-type (WT) for the oncogenic A572V (119/119). Interestingly, a novel homozygous mutation (P132A) was discovered in a patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and in vivo studies demonstrated that its ectopic expression was oncogenic in a mouse xenotransplant model. This study defines a novel JAK3 mutation among patients with N-DS AML and demonstrates that normal individuals can also display germline JAK3 substitutions, previously proven to have oncogenic properties, in vitro and in vivo. The discovery of these substitutions in normal donors encourages future studies to define new risk factors among patients with MPDs.
AlGaInN laser diode technology and systems for defence and security applications (2015)

The latest developments in AlGaInN laser diode technology are reviewed for defence and security applications such as underwater communications. The AlGaInN material system allows for laser diodes to be fabricated over a very wide range of wavelengths from u.v., ~380nm, to the visible ~530nm, by tuning the indium content of the laser GaInN quantum well. Thus AlGaInN laser diode technology is a key enabler for the development of new disruptive system level applications in displays, telecom, defence and other industries.
Three-dimensional measurements of the helicon wavelength (2010)

Full three-dimensional maps of the helicon wave magnetic field are measured. Agreement between the measured and predicted values for the helicon wavelength is discussed and discrepancies are attributed to interpretation of the three-dimensional wave. Magnetic induction probe measurements in XYZ space reveal the helicon wave bz field has both an axial and azimuthal component. Neglecting the azimuthal component underestimates the three-dimensional wave helix by at least a factor of ~2πr, yielding an oversimplified two-dimensional projection. When the wave's azimuthal component is considered, agreement with numerically predicted wavelength values is shown to be within 35%, whereas greater than 100% differences are found when only the two-dimensional wavelength is measured.
Direct Conversion of Carbon Fuels in a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (2004)

Anodes of elemental carbon may be discharged in a galvanic cell, using molten carbonate electrolyte, at power densities of 40-100 mW/cm2. We report cell polarization, surface area, primary particle size, and crystallization index for nine particulate carbon samples derived from fuel oil, methane, coal, biochar, and petroleum coke. At 800°C, 50-125 mA/cm2 current densities were measured at a cell voltage of 0.8 V. Power densities were nearly the same on scales of 2.8 and 60 cm2 active area. Constant current operation of a small cell was accompanied by constant voltage during multiple tests of 10-30 h duration. Cell voltage fell off after the carbon inventory was consumed. Three cathode structures are compared, indicating improved rates for a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory-fabricated porous nickel electrode with <10 μm pores compared with nickel foam with 100-300 μm pores. Petroleum coke containing substantial sulfur and ash discharges at a slightly lower rate than purified petroleum coke. Sulfur degrades the anode current collector over time. A conceptual model for electrochemical reactivity of carbon is presented, and indicates the importance of (i) bulk lattice disorder, which continually provides surface reactive sites during anodic dissolution, and electrical conductivity, which lowers the ohmic component of anode polarization. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
A szimbolizmus és az avantgarde kora az orosz művészeti kultúrában (kétnyelvű dokumentumgyűjtemény) = The age of symbolism and avant-garde in russian art (a bilingual textbook) (2007)

A kétnyelvű dokumentumgyűjteményben a tematikusan csoportosított anyagok a XIX-XX század fordulóját (a szimbolizmus és a szecesszió kora) és az 1910-20-as évek (a posztszimbolizmus és az avantgarde kora) időszakát követik végig. A bemutatott korszak nem csupán a festészeti kultúra virágkorát, a művészi módszerek kísérleti megújítását jelentette az orosz művészetben, hanem a művészi gyakorlat kritikai és elméleti reflexiójának, a művészetkritikai és művészetfilozófiai gondolkodásnak a virágkorát is. Ennek a korszaknak az átfogó bemutatása eddig még nem valósult meg a hazai művészettörténeti és szlavisztikai szakkutatásokban. A válogatás koncepcióját a kötet szaklektorai nemzetközi vonatkozásban is jelentősnek minősítették. Az eredeti szövegek magyar nyelvű fordítása az ELTE Orosz Irodalmi Doktori Programjának műhelyében készült. A kötetben szereplő szövegeket a doktori program tanárai és hallgatói fordították 500 oldal terjedelemben. A szövegeket mintegy 400 kép illusztráció kíséri. A dokumentumok közlését jegyzetapparátus és ajánló bibliográfia egészíti ki. A dokumentumgyűjtemény az egyetemi alapfokú és posztgraduális képzés területén hasznosítható a művészettörténet, az esztétika és a szlavisztika szakokon; a szélesebb olvasóközönség körében is népszerűsíthető. Mivel a kötet az eredeti orosz nyelvű forrásanyagot is tartalmazza, ezért nemzetközi érdeklődésre is számot tarthat. | Materials in the bilingual textbook are classified thematically in chronological order to follow the main trends of art criticism at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries (the age of Symbolism and Art Nouveau) as well as in the 1910s and 1920s (the age of Post-Symbolism and Avant-Garde). The described period marked not only the golden age of painting culture, the experimental renewal of artistic principles, but also the golden age of the critical and theoretical thinking. An all-embracing presentation of this period has not been accomplished so far in special research into Art History and Slavonic studies in Hungary. The translation of primary texts into Hungarian and the elaboration on up-to-date and easy-to-understand special terminology was prepared as a result of teamwork in the workshop of the PhD Program in Russian Literature at the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest. The texts in the book were translated by the Professors and Students of the PhD program. The documents are complemented by 400 pictures illustrating the main trends of the period, and are accompanied by an extensive scholarly apparatus and a selected bibliography. The bilingual textbook illustrated with pictures can be used first of all as a university reference book in graduate and postgraduate education in Art History, Aesthetics, and Slavonic Studies. Since the bilingual book also contains the primary source material in Russian, it will arouse international interest.
Rapid RTL-based signal ranking for FPGA prototyping (2012)

As the capacity of integrated circuits increases, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ensure that a chip is free of design errors. Designers are increasingly turning to FPGA prototyping platforms to validate their designs much more extensively than is possible using simulation. A key challenge is one of visibility; signals can only be observed if they can be driven to pins of a chip. To enhance visibility during debug, designers regularly instrument their design with on-chip circuitry to record a small subset of signals at-speed for later off-chip analysis. The selection of which signals should be recorded critically affects the effectiveness of this approach. In this paper, we present an algorithm that ranks all signals in a design based on their predicted importance during validation. Compared to previous techniques, which analyze the circuit at the gate level, our algorithm works directly on the parse-tree representation of the circuit, and hence is orders of magnitude faster than these previous techniques. Our algorithm has been implemented as an integral part of Tektronix Certus, a commercial validation suite.
Low Temperature Oxidation-Sintering Behaviors of Cu Fine Particles (2022)

Cu fine-particle paste is a promising material to form a low-cost interconnect for flexible electronics devices. It has been reported that Cu particles can be sintered at low temperature (well below the half of the melting point) through two-step heat treatment processes of oxidation and reduction. However, the mechanism of the low temperature sintering is not clear yet. In this study, we investigated the oxidation sintering process of Cu fine particles by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) in the temperature range of 200-300℃, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and microstructural observation. It was found from TGA that the oxidation process was initially rate-controlled by surface reaction and then by Cu diffusion at grain boundaries of Cu2O. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed the formation of a core (Cu)-shell (Cu2O) structure during the oxidation process. The adjacent Cu2O shells were bonded to each other resulting in a cross-linked structure. The subsequent reduction process led to the formation of a porous structure by oxygen removal, but the cross-linked structure was maintained, which would make the low-temperature sintered Cu body as robust as solidified solder and sintered Ag paste.
Study of the Influence of Ultrasound and Aqueous Solvent on the Diels-Alder Reaction: The Case of Cyclopentadiene and Acetamidoacrylates (1989)

Abstract The influence of ultrasound and water, both separately and combined, on the Diels-Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and methyl and benzyl-2-acetamidoacrylates has been studied. Ultrasonic irradiation does not improve the yield. Water is worse than toluene as solvent both in yield and in exo/endo selectivity.
Supplementary Table 3 from <i>Intersex-like</i> (<i>IXL</i>) Is a Cell Survival Regulator in Pancreatic Cancer with 19q13 Amplification (2023)

Supplementary Table 3 from &lt;i&gt;Intersex-like&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;IXL&lt;/i&gt;) Is a Cell Survival Regulator in Pancreatic Cancer with 19q13 Amplification
Positive interactions are common among culturable bacteria (2021)

Interspecies interactions shape the structure and function of microbial communities. In particular, positive, growth-promoting interactions can substantially affect the diversity and productivity of natural and engineered communities. However, the prevalence of positive interactions and the conditions in which they occur are not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, we used kChip, an ultrahigh-throughput coculture platform, to measure 180,408 interactions among 20 soil bacteria across 40 carbon environments. We find that positive interactions, often described to be rare, occur commonly and primarily as parasitisms between strains that differ in their carbon consumption profiles. Notably, nongrowing strains are almost always promoted by strongly growing strains (85%), suggesting a simple positive interaction–mediated approach for cultivation, microbiome engineering, and microbial consortium design.