gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Action of Growth Factors and Dynamic Loading for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering (2003)

It has previously been demonstrated that dynamic deformational loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose hydrogels over the course of 1 month can increase construct mechanical and biochemical properties relative to free-swelling controls. The present study examines the manner in which two mediators of matrix biosynthesis, the growth factors TGF-beta1 and IGF-I, interact with applied dynamic deformational loading. Under free-swelling conditions in control medium (C), the [proteoglycan content][collagen content][equilibrium aggregate modulus] of cell-laden (10 x 10(6) cells/mL) 2% agarose constructs reached a peak of [0.54% wet weight (ww)][0.16% ww][13.4 kPa]c, whereas the addition of TGF-beta1 or IGF-I to the control medium led to significantly higher peaks of [1.18% ww][0.97% ww][23.6 kPa](C-TGF) and [1.00% ww][0.63% ww][19.3 kPa](C-IGF), respectively, by day 28 or 35 (p<0.01). Under dynamic loading in control medium (L), the measured parameters were [1.10% ww][0.52% ww][24.5 kPa]L, and with the addition of TGF-beta1 or IGF-I to the control medium these further increased to [1.49% ww][1.07% ww][50.5 kPa](L-TGF) and [1.48% ww][0.81% ww][46.2 kPa](L-IGF), respectively (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that type II collagen accumulated primarily in the pericellular area under free-swelling conditions, but spanned the entire tissue in dynamically loaded constructs. Applied in concert, dynamic deformational loading and TGF-beta1 or IGF-I increased the aggregate modulus of engineered constructs by 277 or 245%, respectively, an increase greater than the sum of either stimulus applied alone. These results support the hypothesis that the combination of chemical and mechanical promoters of matrix biosynthesis can optimize the growth of tissue-engineered cartilage constructs.
Supplemental Figure 2 from SMAD4 Loss Is Associated with Cetuximab Resistance and Induction of MAPK/JNK Activation in Head and Neck Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Western blot analysis of SCC61L-SC and SMAD4KD cells for phospho-SMAD2 and total SMAD2/3 expression levels. Actin was used as a loading control.&lt;/p&gt;
Compact, alignment-free, environmentally stable dispersion compensated femtosecond Yb-fiber oscillator (2020)

We demonstrate a fully integrated alignment free, femtosecond Yb:fiber laser operating in the stretched pulse regime. After compression, the laser provides a long-term stable output of 104 fs pulses at 76 MHz repetition rate.
Enabling Proportionally Fair Mobility Management in 5G Networks (2023)

Mobility management in 5G, especially at higher frequencies, is challenging because the signal quality fluctuates significantly due to blockages of Line of Sight (LoS), shadowing and user mobility. As a result, users experience frequent handovers, which reduce the network capacity. In order to perform smooth network operation, the decisions when to handover and to which Base Station (BS) a user is to be assigned should be considered jointly. Another important goal is to strive for fairness in data rates among the users. To this end, in this paper, we formulate an optimization problem whose solution provides proportional fairness and reduces the handover rate significantly. To solve the problem, we propose a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm, specifically a Deep Q Network (DQN), which turns out to find a near-optimal user-to-BS assignment. We compare our approach with other state-of-the-art baselines and show that it outperforms them considerably in terms of fairness, handover, ping-pong and radio link failure rates while being within 96% of the optimal solution. Our DQN algorithm also reduces the handover rate by 86% and avoids ping-pong handovers.
Fluorescence Visualization of Carbon Nanotubes by Modification with Silicon-Based Polymer (2002)

Modification of the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes by using poly(10,11-dihydro-10,11-disila-5,10,10,11,11-pentamethyl-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-2,8-diyl) enables the nanotubes to be distinctly visualized in solvents by fluorescence microscopy. Electrophoresis of the polymer-modified nanotubes under an alternating electric field was observed in real time, and an SEM image of the resultant nanotubes trapped on the electrodes revealed the consistency of the modification. This modification method will facilitate fabricating nanotube-based devices that can be detected with high sensitivity using simple light microscopes.
Production and characterization of a colon cancer-specific immunotoxin based on the fungal ribotoxin -sarcin (2012)

A single-chain fusion protein that directed the cytolytic activity of α-sarcin to A33 tumor antigen expressing cells was constructed and shown to effectively kill targeted cells. Glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) is a well-known colon cancer marker and a humanized antibody against it was used to target the α-sarcin. The fungal ribotoxin α-sarcin is one of the most potent and specific toxins known. It is small, protease resistant, thermostable and highly efficient towards the inactivation of ribosomes. This work describes the production and characterization of an immunotoxin resulting from fusing the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of the monoclonal antibody that targets GPA33 to fungal α-sarcin. This chimeric protein (scFvA33αsarcin), produced in Pichia pastoris and purified in high yield was proven to be properly folded, active, specific and stable. It showed high specific toxicity against GPA33-positive tumoral cell lines providing scientific evidence to sustain that scFvA33αsarcin is a good immunotherapeutic candidate against GPA33-positive colon carcinomas.
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infection in Thigh Abscess Can Migrate to Distant Burn Depending on Burn Depth (2012)

Sepsis remains the major cause of death in patients with major burn injuries. In the present investigation we evaluated the interaction between burn injuries of varying severity and preexisting distant infection. We used Gram-negative bacteria ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis ) that were genetically engineered to be bioluminescent, which allowed for noninvasive, sequential optical imaging of the extent and severity of the infection. The bioluminescent bacteria migrated from subcutaneous abscesses in the leg to distant burn wounds on the back depending on the severity of the burn injury, and this migration led to increased mortality of the mice. Treatment with ciprofloxacin, injected either in the leg with the bacterial infection or into the burn eschar, prevented this colonization of the wound and decreased mortality. The present data suggest that burn wounds can readily become colonized by infections distant from the wound itself.
Depth-map super-resolution for asymmetric stereo images (2013)

We propose a mixed-resolution coding architecture for stereo color-plus-depth images, where encoding is performed at a low resolution, except for one of the color images. Super-resolution methods are proposed for the depth maps and for the low-resolution color image at the decoder side. Experiments are carried out for several real and synthetic images and reveal a reduction in complexity at the encoder associated with average PSNR gains of the super-resolved low-resolution color image with respect to regular interpolation.
Supplementary table 1 from <i>WRN</i> Promoter CpG Island Hypermethylation Does Not Predict More Favorable Outcomes for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Irinotecan-Based Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Association between WRN promoter Region 1 methylation and the molecular subclass of the specified CRC cell line, CpG island hypermethylator phenotype (CIMP) and microsatellite instability (MSI).&lt;/p&gt;
High-powered 83-GHz millimeter-wave beam sintering and heat treating of engineered ceramics in controlled atmospheres (2004)

Summary form only given. An experimental facility based on an 83-GHz, 15 kW CW industrial gyrotron has been set up at the Naval Research Laboratory to investigate novel mm-wave-beam-based approaches to processing ceramic materials, including sintering, coating, and joining applications. Current experimental and theoretical studies are investigating the sintering and heat-treating of advanced engineered ceramics such as ferrites, rare-earth magnet materials and laser hosts. Sintering and heat-treating of these materials requires stringent atmospheric and environmental control, including high vacuum, inert or reducing atmospheres or precise levels of oxygen partial pressure. Past work has described initial results using a large, 1 m/sup 3/ chamber. In order to more adequately control the processing conditions, a small, specialized chamber has been devised to fit within the large chamber. This specialized chamber has a variety of gas and electrical feedthroughs as well as a tuned window for RF transmission and visual monitoring. In this paper, the results of current experiments will be described. In particular, the results from the processing of nanopowder derived ferrites; rare-earth magnet materials and laser host materials will be presented.
Portable atomic layer deposition reactor for in situ synchrotron photoemission studies (2013)

We report the design of a portable atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor that can be integrated into synchrotron facilities for in situ synchrotron photoemission studies. The design allows for universal installation of the system onto different beam line end stations. The ALD reactor operates as a fully functional, low vacuum deposition system under the conditions of a typical ALD reactor while allowing the samples to be analyzed in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber through a quick transfer without vacuum break. This system not only minimizes the exposure of the UHV chamber to the ALD reactants, but it also eliminates the necessity of a beam alignment step after installation. The system has been successfully installed at the synchrotron and tested in the mechanistic studies of platinum ALD following individual half reaction cycles.
Cell Division Cycle 7 Kinase Inhibitors: 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines, Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships (2009)

Cdc7 kinase has recently emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy and low-molecular-weight inhibitors of Cdc7 kinase have been found to be effective in the inhibition of tumor growth in animal models. In this paper, we describe synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives identified as inhibitors of Cdc7 kinase. Progress from (Z)-2-phenyl-5-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-ylmethylene)-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one (1) to [(Z)-2-(benzylamino)-5-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-ylmethylene)-1,3-thiazol-4(5H)-one] (42), a potent ATP mimetic inhibitor of Cdc7 kinase with IC(50) value of 7 nM, is also reported.
A dCDD-Based Transmit Diversity for NOMA Systems (2020)

In this paper, a new transmit diversity scheme for cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed without perfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). To support two users under a near-far user pairing constraint, a distributed cyclic delay diversity (dCDD) scheme is adjusted into NOMA by dividing a set of remote radio heads (RRHs) into two groups for multiple cyclic-prefixed single carrier transmissions. Using only a limited channel relevant information needed to make dCDD work, a new RRH assignment and power allocation mechanism is proposed. After then, closed-form expressions for the rates of two users achieved by the proposed RRH assignment and power allocation mechanism are derived. For various scenarios, link-level simulations verify that superior rates can be achieved by NOMA with dCDD over the traditional orthogonal multiple access with dCDD.
Genome-wide copy number variant data for inflammatory bowel disease in a caucasian population (2019)

Genome-wide copy-number association studies offer new opportunities to identify the mechanisms underlying complex diseases, including chronic inflammatory, psychiatric disorders and others. We have used genotyping microarrays to analyse the copy-number variants (CNVs) from 243 Caucasian individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The CNV data was obtained by using multiple quality control measures and merging the results of three different CNV detection algorithms: PennCNV, iPattern, and QuantiSNP. The final dataset contains 4,402 CNVs detected by two or three algorithms independently with high confidence. This paper provides a detailed description of the data generation and quality control steps. For further interpretation of the data presented in this article, please see the research article entitled '<i>Copy number variation-based gene set analysis reveals cytokine signalling pathways associated with psychiatric comorbidity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease</i>'.
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products (2023)

The present paper reports a sustainable raw material obtained from the by-products derived from the industrial production of bergamot (<i>Citrus</i> × <i>Bergamia</i> Risso & Poiteau) essential oils. The procedure to obtain the raw material is designed to maintain as much of the bioactive components as possible and to avoid expensive chemical purification. It consists of spray-drying the fruit juice obtained by squeezing the fruits, which is mixed with the aqueous extract of the pulp, i.e., the solid residue remained after fruit pressing. The resulting powder bergamot juice (PBJ) contains multiple bioactive components, in particular, among others, soluble fibers, polyphenols and amino-acid betaines, such as stachydrine and betonicine. LC-MS analysis identified 86 compounds, with hesperetin, naringenin, apigenin and eridictyol glucosides being the main components. In the second part of the paper, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of PBJ and of stachydrine was found, but neither of the compounds were effective in activating Nrf2. PBJ was then found to be effective in an in vivo model of a metabolic syndrome induced by a high-sugar, high-fat (HSF) diet and evidenced by a significant increase of the values related to a set of parameters: blood glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, visceral adipose tissue and adiposity index. PBJ, when given to control rats, did not significantly change these values; in contrast, they were found to be greatly affected in rats receiving an HSF diet. The in vivo effect of PBJ can be ascribed not only to bergamot polyphenols with well-known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid-regulating effects, but also to the dietary fibers and to the non-phenolic constituents, such as stachydrine. Moreover, since PBJ was found to affect energy homeostasis and to regulate food intake, a mechanism on the regulation of energy homeostasis through leptin networking should also be considered and deserves further investigation.
Aetiology of Congenital Hypothyroidism in Finland (1989)

In Finland a nationwide screening programme for congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) has operated since 1980 with complete coverage. Among the total of 307,000 newborns screened, the incidence per 100,000 was 24.6 for thyroid dysgenesis and 4.0 for dyshormonogenesis. We conclude that, when screening is based on cord serum TSH, the false-positive results are caused mainly by difficult delivery. The most important factors associated with dyshormonogenesis were CHT in the family, origin from a geographic risk area, and origin of both mother and father from the same community. These reflect the autosomal recessive inheritance. The risk factors for dysgenesis were female gender, CHT in the family, birth in a geographic risk area, and birth during a risk period of the year.
An overview of the use of bacteriophages in the poultry industry: Successes, challenges, and possibilities for overcoming breakdowns (2023)

The primary contaminants in poultry are <i>Salmonella enterica</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i> j<i>ejun</i>i, <i>Escherichia coli,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Their pathogenicity together with the widespread of these bacteria, contributes to many economic losses and poses a threat to public health. With the increasing prevalence of bacterial pathogens being resistant to most conventional antibiotics, scientists have rekindled interest in using bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents. Bacteriophage treatments have also been investigated as an alternative to antibiotics in the poultry industry. Bacteriophages' high specificity may allow them only to target a specific bacterial pathogen in the infected animal. However, a tailor-made sophisticated cocktail of different bacteriophages could broaden their antibacterial activity in typical situations with multiple clinical strains infections. Bacteriophages may not only be used in terms of reducing bacterial contamination in animals but also, under industrial conditions, they can be used as safe disinfectants to reduce contamination on food-contact surfaces or poultry carcasses. Nevertheless, bacteriophage therapies have not been developed sufficiently for widespread use. Problems with resistance, safety, specificity, and long-term stability must be addressed in particular. This review highlights the benefits, challenges, and current limitations of bacteriophage applications in the poultry industry.
Enhanced in Vitro Percutaneous Penetration of Salicylate by Ion Pair Formation with Alkylamines. (1998)

The apparent octanol/water partition coefficient (APC) of salicylate (SA) increased as the concentration of alkylamine (amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and nonylamine) in aqueous phase increased, presumably through intermolecular ion pair formation between the negatively charged SA moiety and the alkylamine cation. The true partition coefficient (TPC) and the formation constant (Kf) of the ion pair were calculated from the partition data. The skin permeability of SA increased as the APC of SA increased, when 20-fold molar excess of alkylamine was added to the donor compartment. Permeability of ion pairs (PAB) from the aqueous phase to a shed snake skin was estimated from the permeability data assuming 1:1 ion pair. The methylene group contribution to the free energy of transfer of ion pairs from water to the shed snake skin was less than the reported value for nonionized drugs. This suggests that the ion pair is more polar by nature than nonionized molecules, even if ionic characteristics are masked to some extent by ion pair formation.
Stop routine screening for associated malignancies in cutaneous noninvasive vulvar Paget disease? (2018)

Of our patients with VPD, 76·9% were diagnosed with cutaneous noninvasive VPD, and this group has no increased risk for developing malignancies of the breast, intestine or urological tract. Our study suggests that routine screening for these malignancies in patients diagnosed with cutaneous noninvasive VPD may not be necessary.
Sunlight mediated synthesis and antibacterial properties of monolayer protected silver clusters (2013)

Glutathione protected, silver clusters were synthesized within gel cavities, using sunlight. Compared to the conventional chemical reduction process, this method is cheaper and environmentally friendly as it involves the use of natural resources. The as-synthesized silver quantum clusters in aqueous medium show a distinct step-like behavior in their absorption profile. They have been characterized with various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as UV/Vis Spectroscopy, Luminescence Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Polyacrylamide gel cavities seemingly control the growth of the particles. The cluster synthesis is scalable by increasing the amount of reagents yielding hundreds of milligrams in a single step. The antibacterial properties of the as-synthesized Ag clusters were studied against a Gram negative and Gram positive organism, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively.
Biogenic production of palladium nanocrystals using microalgae and their immobilization on chitosan nanofibers for catalytic applications (2012)

Spherical palladium nanocrystals were generated from aqueous Na2[PdCl4] via photosynthetic reactions within green microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris). Electrospun chitosan mats were effective for immobilizing these biogenic nanocrystals, as a material for recycling as a catalyst for the Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction. This photosynthetically-driven metal transformation system can serve as a good candidate for an environmentally-friendly method for the synthesis of metal nanocatalysts.
Rotating Disk Electrode Investigation of Pt/Carbon Electrocatalyst Activity and Durability (2011)

The effect of various carbon supports on both the platinum (Pt) activity and durability was investigated using rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements. Pt supported on Vulcan, high surface area, graphitized and heat-treated carbon were evaluated for their electrochemical activity, Pt dissolution and carbon corrosion durability. Cyclic voltammetry and hydrodynamic voltammetry were conducted using Nissan testing protocols. Electrochemical active area (ECA), the area specific and mass specific activities were employed as a measure of electrocatalyst activity. Carbon corrosion and Pt dissolution durability were evaluated as a loss in ECA as a function of potential cycling. The effect of heat-treatment of the catalyst and graphitization of the carbon support on the catalyst's carbon corrosion and Pt dissolution durability is discussed.
Benzannulation of 3-Substituted Pyrroles to Indoles (2003)

In a new general indole synthesis, the anion derived from benzotriazolyl derivative 5b underwent regioselective 1,4-addition to various alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones; subsequent acid-catalyzed cyclization formed the corresponding indoles 1a-f.
Bioactive and Therapeutic ROMP Polymers (2007)

This review summarizes the developments in the area of ROMP‐based polymer carriers as well as side‐chain and main‐chain polymer therapeutics during the period of 1993–2007. The promising emergence of ROMP‐derived amphiphilic block copolymers containing therapeutic agents, their assembly into polymer nanoparticles, together with their modification for the targeting group attachment is outlined. Recent application of ROMP‐based side‐chain polymer therapeutics as multivalent scaffolds and the synthesis of DIVEMA‐type main‐chain polymers from ROMP‐active monomers are also discussed. Finally, an outlook on the opportunities and the future directions in the use of ROMP towards the development of the next generation of polymer therapeutics is provided.
Psychotropic Drug Use in Israel (2007)

Similar to findings in other European countries, our findings suggest that the majority of individuals diagnosed with a common mental disorder are not being treated with psychotropic drugs or are being inappropriately treated.
STRAIGHT-LINE PLOTS FOR SOME MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS (2008)

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