gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping (2021)

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance T1ρ mapping may detect myocardial injuries without exogenous contrast agent. However, multiple co-registered acquisitions are required, and the lack of robust motion correction limits its clinical translation. We introduce a single breath-hold myocardial T1ρ mapping method that includes model-based non-rigid motion correction. A single-shot electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) 2D adiabatic T1ρ mapping sequence that collects five T1ρ-weighted (T1ρw) images with different spin lock times within a single breath-hold is proposed. To address the problem of residual respiratory motion, a unified optimization framework consisting of a joint T1ρ fitting and model-based non-rigid motion correction algorithm, insensitive to contrast change, was implemented inline for fast (~ 30 s) and direct visualization of T1ρ maps. The proposed reconstruction was optimized on an ex vivo human heart placed on a motion-controlled platform. The technique was then tested in 8 healthy subjects and validated in 30 patients with suspected myocardial injury on a 1.5T CMR scanner. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and maximum perpendicular distance (MPD) were used to quantify motion and evaluate motion correction. The quality of T1ρ maps was scored. In patients, T1ρ mapping was compared to cine imaging, T2 mapping and conventional post-contrast 2D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). T1ρ values were assessed in remote and injured areas, using LGE as reference. Despite breath holds, respiratory motion throughout T1ρw images was much larger in patients than in healthy subjects (5.1 ± 2.7 mm vs. 0.5 ± 0.4 mm, P < 0.01). In patients, the model-based non-rigid motion correction improved the alignment of T1ρw images, with higher DSC (87.7 ± 5.3% vs. 82.2 ± 7.5%, P < 0.01), and lower MPD (3.5 ± 1.9 mm vs. 5.1 ± 2.7 mm, P < 0.01). This resulted in significantly improved quality of the T1ρ maps (3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9, P < 0.01). Using this approach, T1ρ mapping could be used to identify LGE in patients with 93% sensitivity and 89% specificity. T1ρ values in injured (LGE positive) areas were significantly higher than in the remote myocardium (68.4 ± 7.9 ms vs. 48.8 ± 6.5 ms, P < 0.01). The proposed motion-corrected T1ρ mapping framework enables a quantitative characterization of myocardial injuries with relatively low sensitivity to respiratory motion. This technique may be a robust and contrast-free adjunct to LGE for gaining new insight into myocardial structural disorders.
Characterization of the Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cell Response Induced by Prime-Boost Strategies with CAF01 and CpG Adjuvants Administered by the Intranasal and Subcutaneous Routes (2015)

The design of heterologous prime-boost vaccine combinations that optimally shape the immune response is of critical importance for the development of next generation vaccines. Here we tested different prime-boost combinations using the tuberculosis vaccine antigen H56 with CAF01 or CpG ODN 1821 adjuvants, administered by the parenteral and nasal routes. By using peptide-MHC class II tetramers, antigen-specific CD4+ T cells were tracked following primary and booster immunizations. Both parenteral priming with H56 plus CAF01 and nasal priming with H56 plus CpG elicited significant expansion of CD4+ tetramer-positive T cells in the spleen, however only parenterally primed cells responded to booster immunization. Subcutaneous priming with H56 and CAF01 followed by nasal boosting with H56 and CpG showed the greater expansion of CD4+ tetramer-positive T cells in the spleen and lungs compared to all the other homologous and heterologous prime-boost combinations. Nasal boosting exerted a recruitment of primed CD4+ T cells into lungs that was stronger in subcutaneously than nasally primed mice, in accordance with different chemokine receptor expression induced by primary immunization. These data demonstrate that subcutaneous priming is fundamental for eliciting CD4+ T cells that can be efficiently boosted by the nasal route and results in the recruitment of antigen-experienced cells into the lungs. Combination of different vaccine formulations and routes of delivery for priming and boosting is a strategic approach for improving and directing vaccine-induced immune responses.
Comparison of fresh, ethanol‐preserved, and paraffin‐embedded samples in DNA flow cytometry (1989)

Fresh, ethanol-preserved, and formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples taken from the same part of 15 human tumors, and from one normal spleen and one pancreas were analyzed for nuclear DNA content by flow cytometry. The coefficient of variation (CV) values of the G1 peaks were smaller in the fresh than in the other samples (P less than 0.001). The DNA ploidy of the tumors was the same in all types of samples. The DNA indices (DIs) measured from either ethanol-preserved or formalin-fixed tissue correlated strongly with those obtained from fresh tissue (P less than 0.001), although they tended to be somewhat smaller in the fresh samples. The S-phase fractions measured from all types of samples were of the same order of magnitude in most cases (P less than 0.001). Uninterpretable histograms were most often obtained from fresh samples. Identical DI values and rather constant S-phase fractions were obtained from ethanol-preserved samples stored at 4 degrees C for up to 5 months. It is concluded that all three types of samples are suitable for the determination of DNA ploidy, DI, and S-phase fraction and that 50% ethanol is suitable for long-term preservation of flow cytometric samples.
Intravascular dual-modality optical coherence tomography and multichannel near-infrared fluorescence inflammation imaging with the cathepsin-activatable LUM015 imaging agent (2022)

We report the use of our multimodal near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and OCT imaging system and catheter to perform the first imaging of LUM015 inflammatory activity in rabbit models of atherosclerosis in vivo. Using co-injection and multi-channel intravascular NIRF-OCT, we compared LUM015 (6.2 mg/kg) and preclinical ProSense (VM110, 3.5 mg/kg) fluorescence in the same subject. We found that co-registered fluorescence carpet maps were remarkably similar with a PCC of 0.51 and a Mander’s overlap coefficient of 0.79. Results suggest that LUM015 will be a viable clinical option for intracoronary imaging of plaque inflammatory activity in patients.
Biomolecular Force Field Parameterization via Atoms-in-Molecule Electron Density Partitioning (2016)

Molecular mechanics force fields, which are commonly used in biomolecular modeling and computer-aided drug design, typically treat nonbonded interactions using a limited library of empirical parameters that are developed for small molecules. This approach does not account for polarization in larger molecules or proteins, and the parametrization process is labor-intensive. Using linear-scaling density functional theory and atoms-in-molecule electron density partitioning, environment-specific charges and Lennard-Jones parameters are derived directly from quantum mechanical calculations for use in biomolecular modeling of organic and biomolecular systems. The proposed methods significantly reduce the number of empirical parameters needed to construct molecular mechanics force fields, naturally include polarization effects in charge and Lennard-Jones parameters, and scale well to systems comprised of thousands of atoms, including proteins. The feasibility and benefits of this approach are demonstrated by computing free energies of hydration, properties of pure liquids, and the relative binding free energies of indole and benzofuran to the L99A mutant of T4 lysozyme.
Fertility-sparing hormonal treatment in patients with stage I endometrial cancer of grade 2 without myometrial invasion and grade 1–2 with superficial myometrial invasion: Gynecologic Oncology Research Investigators coLLaborAtion study (GORILLA-2001) (2023)

Results: Of the patients who underwent RRSO at our institution, 243 patients were included.One hundred twentyone (49.8%) were BRCA1 variant and another 119 (48.9%) were BRCA2 variant.Four of 121 (3.3%) patients with BRCA1 were diagnosed with STIC and STIL, and another 4 (3.3%) were diagnosed with occult cancer.One out of 119 (0.8%) BRCA2 variant was diagnosed with STIC, and no STIL or OC was detected.None of the patients diagnosed with STIC and STIL through RRSO developed primary peritoneal cancer during the surveillance.Conclusion: RRSO has important role in detecting and treating accidental ovarian cancer and its precursor lesions like STIC and STIL in patients with asymptomatic BRCA1/2 pathologic variants.And for the patients diagnosed with STIC, longterm close surveillance without additional treatment could be considered as a possible management strategy.
Modulatoryin vitroeffects of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) or antisense oligonucleotide to interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE) on acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell growth (1999)

We investigated the effects of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) on the spontaneous proliferation and AML colony forming unit (CFU-AML) formation of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in 50 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. Exposure to IL-1Ra (10 micrograms/ml) caused either decreased, unaltered or increased AML cell proliferation, as well as of CFU-AML colony formation, depending on the individual patient, but the inhibitory effects were dominant. To evaluate the involvement of IL-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE) in the autonomous AML cell growth, the effects of an antisense oligonucleotide on ICE were examined in 19 of these patients. In a majority of patients, antisense ICE suppressed both AML cell proliferation and CFU-AML although a stimulatory effect was sometimes evident. The proportion of AML patients with suppression obtained by antisense ICE was higher than with IL-1Ra, suggesting the involvement of additional ICE-dependent cytokine(s) in AML cell growth besides IL-1. The presence of IL-1Ra or antisense ICE also suppressed the endogenous IL-1 beta production of AML cells, at both the level of pro-IL-1 beta and mature IL-1 beta. Although inhibition by IL-1Ra or antisense ICE on growth parameters of AML cells in vitro prevailed, indicating the importance of IL-1 activity in autonomous AML cell growth, stimulatory effects on the cells of some patients suggest that AML is a heterogenous disorder regarding IL-1 beta regulation.
CTH13-2: Relay Channel with Private Messages (2006)

We introduce a relay channel with private messages, where three concurrent communication tasks take place: in addition to the traditional communication from source to destination (assisted by relay), the source has a private message for the relay, and the relay has a private message for the destination. We develop coding strategies for this channel based on decode-and- forward and compress-and-forward schemes. Achievable rate regions are obtained for the discrete memoryless and Gaussian versions of this channel. Our work generalizes some of the results obtained in the original relay channel introduced by Cover and El-Gamal and in the recent works on relay broadcast channels.
Chaperone-mediated autophagy degrades mutant p53 (2013)

Missense mutations in the gene TP53, which encodes p53, one of the most important tumor suppressors, are common in human cancers. Accumulated mutant p53 proteins are known to actively contribute to tumor development and metastasis. Thus, promoting the removal of mutant p53 proteins in cancer cells may have therapeutic significance. Here we investigated the mechanisms that govern the turnover of mutant p53 in nonproliferating tumor cells using a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches. We show that suppression of macroautophagy by multiple means promotes the degradation of mutant p53 through chaperone-mediated autophagy in a lysosome-dependent fashion. In addition, depletion of mutant p53 expression due to macroautophagy inhibition sensitizes the death of dormant cancer cells under nonproliferating conditions. Taken together, our results delineate a novel strategy for killing tumor cells that depend on mutant p53 expression by the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy and potential pharmacological means to reduce the levels of accumulated mutant p53 without the restriction of mutant p53 conformation in quiescent tumor cells.
Synthesis and activity of new linear and cyclic peptide T derivatives. (1994)

Linear and head to tail cyclic hexapeptide analogs (Xaa-Thr-Thr-Asn-Tyr-Thr, Xaa = D-Asp or D-iso-Asp) of peptide T were prepared and tested for human monocyte chemotaxis. All new compounds showed significant bioactivity. In particular, the conformational restriction introduced into cyclo(-D-iso-Asp-Thr-Thr-Asn-Tyr-Thr-) was very suitable for CD4 receptor binding. The cyclic peptides also proved to be highly resistant to degradation by plasma or brain enzymes.
Atomistic investigation of the electronic structure, thermal properties and conduction defects in Ge-rich Ge<inf>x</inf>Se<inf>1−x</inf> materials for selector applications (2017)

We investigate the electronic structure and defects of Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> materials at the atomic level, using full-layer-thickness (5nm) amorphous models. In Ge-rich Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> , the nature of the mobility gap defects is mostly related to miscoordinated Ge. The population/localization of mobility-gap states changes solely under the effect of electric field. Strong covalent bonds introduced by N doping in the material increase its thermal conductivity and crystallization temperature beyond 600C. C/N dopants are found to add/remove mobility-gap states in the doped systems. Our investigation sets guidelines for material design in view of improved electro-thermal device performance.
Efficiency of an up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor coupled with an electrochemical system to remove chloramphenicol in swine wastewater (2021)

The application and design of treatment systems in wastewater are necessary due to antibiotics' potential toxicity and resistant genes on residual effluent. This work evaluated a coupled bio-electrochemical system to reduce chloramphenicol (CAP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) on swine wastewater (SWW). SWW characterization found CAP of <10 μg/L and 17,434 mg/L of COD. The coupled system consisted of preliminary use of an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) followed by electrooxidation (EO). The UASB reactor (primary stage) was operated for three months at an organic load of 8.76 kg of COD/m<sup>3</sup>d and 50 mg CAP/L as initial concentration. In EO, we carried out a 2<sup>2</sup> (time operation and intensity) factorial design with a central composite design; we tried two Ti cathodes and one anode of Ti/PbO<sub>2</sub>. Optimal conditions obtained in the EO process were 240 min of operation time and 1.51 A of current intensity. It was possible to eliminate 44% of COD and 64.2% of CAP in the preliminary stage. On bio-electrochemicals, total COD and CAP removal were 82.35 and >99.99%, respectively. This coupled system can be applied to eliminate antibiotics and other organic pollutants in agricultural, industrial, municipal, and other wastewaters.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Haploinsufficiency of an RB–E2F1–Condensin II Complex Leads to Aberrant Replication and Aneuploidy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF fie 148K, Description of additional genotypes of cells analyzed for gammaH2AX distribution and detailed instability phenotypes of heterozygous cells&lt;/p&gt;
Anti-Stokes Photoluminescence in II-VI Colloidal Nanocrystals (2002)

For the first time highly efficient photon energy up-conversion (anti-Stokes photoluminescence) has been observed in colloids of CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) and CdSe NCs covered by ZnS shell. The maximum magnitude of the up-converted blue shift ΔEUCmax = 335 meV was obtained for CdSe/ZnS NCs under excitation by a low-power He–Ne laser. The maximum efficiency for energy conversion was estimated to be about ηmax = 2.7 × 10—2 % at room temperature. The intensity of the anti-Stokes photoluminescence increases with temperature and shows a linear dependence on the excitation intensity. We suggest that subgap surface states are involved as intermediate states in the up-conversion process rather than nonlinear two-photon absorption or Auger processes.
Interfacial conversion for poly(para‐phenylenevinylene) at a cholesteric liquid crystal surface (2007)

Abstract A new approach for the preparation of poly ( para ‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV) with an ordered structure is presented. PPV is synthesized by a precursor method using a cholesteric liquid crystal medium. The resultant PPV film is observed to have a cholesteric fingerprint‐like texture, indicating replication of the cholesteric liquid crystal medium. Infrared absorption measurements confirm that the PPV has essentially the same molecular structure as normal PPV film. Ultraviolet–visible absorption measurements show that the absorption band due to π−π* transition of the conjugated main‐chain is located at 402 nm. The conversion is found to occur at the interface with the cholesteric liquid crystal medium as a mechanical process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Short-Block Length Polar-Coded Modulation for the Relay Channel (2022)

Short-block length communication is becoming increasingly important for applications such as machine-to-machine communication, among others. This paper studies polar-coded modulation in the short-block length regime for decode-forward, amplify-forward and compress-forward relays. Our work seamlessly combines multi-level signaling, polar coding/decoding, and the requirements of relaying, into encoders and decoders that exhibit excellent performance. Compared with the state of the art in decode-forward, our work demonstrates 2.5 dB improvement (at block length 512). For shorter block lengths 256 and 128, this work is the first reported implementation for any coded modulation and any relaying protocol. In the category of polar-coded full-duplex relaying, this work presents the first implementation at any block length and for any relaying protocol. For decode-forward, we propose and analyze joint iterative belief propagation decoding with polar codes, and successive list decoding with polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes. For amplify-forward, we utilize PAC codes and successive list decoding. For the three relaying protocols, the respective dispersion bounds are presented for comparison, and the error exponent of the multi-level relaying coded modulations are analyzed to shed light on the results. Extensive simulations verify the performance of the proposed coding schemes.
Properties and Applications of 2-Dimensional Layered Materials (2016)

This focus issue provides a forum for the latest research on material properties, device physics, fabrications and applications of twodimensional (2D) based materials including boron nitrides, black phosphorous and transition metal dichalcogenides/oxides beyond&#13;\ngraphene. It features a balance between original theoretical and experimental research in basic physics, device physics, novel materials and device structures, processes and systems. Recent developments in the isolation and growth of atomically thin layered materials has provided new possibilities for studying the surfaces, chemistry and physics of a true 2D platform. In addition to the known graphene layers, other 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides/oxides, boron nitride and black phosphorous have shown great potential in various applications. The 2D nature of these materials makes their electronic structure easily tunable by an external field. Thus, applications in electronic, optoelectronic, sensor and other devices are anticipated. The large surface areas and layered structures land to high-efficiency energy storage and conversion.
Serendipitous rediscovery of three polymorphs of benzidine (2005)

Azithromycin is the most important macrolide of azalide class (derived from erythromycin A by insertion of an N-methyl group in the lactone ring), and shows higher antibiotic effect than the parent compound, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria. Its synthesis is based on the Beckmann rearrangement of eryrhromycin A oxime to yield the imino ether, and several ways have been reported to reduce the imino ether and finally achieve the azithromycin. One of these routes involve the synthesis of a precursor of the azithromycin, the azithromycin 11,12-hydrogen borate [1], whose acid hidrolysis affords azithromycin.
Impact of Antenna Configuration on Feedback Generation for Non-Ideal CoMP Transmission (2014)

Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission is a promised candidate in long term evolution advanced (LTEA) systems to assure coverage and broadband communication for cell edge user equipments (UEs). However, the presence of timing offsets (TOs) between the received signals from multiple transmitters might limit the performance of CoMP transmission. The promised advantages of closed-loop CoMP transmission vanish for the system configuration with four transmit antennas, showing significantly poorer performance than the transmitter equipped with two antennas for large TOs. The reason is that the transmit covariance matrix used for implicit feedback generation is affected by a phase shift caused by TO after orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulation, leading to improper precoding matrix index (PMI) selection and therefore limiting the beamforming gain at the cell edge UE. On the other hand the system configuration with two transmit antennas is robust against that phase shift, despite the TO. Keeping the phase shift in systems with four transmit antennas low, reliable PMI selection can be guaranteed and as a result the promised CoMP transmission benefits can be achieved in a practical realization with TO present.
Microbial Production of Carotenoids (2003)

カロテノイド色素のなかでも, アスタキサンチンやカンタキサンチンなどのキサントフィル類は脂質過酸化や動脈硬化, 炎症, がん化の抑制など抗酸化作用を基調とする高い生理活性が注目され, 微細緑藻や酵母を用いた生産技術および用途の開発が進められている。最近見いだした海洋性微生物はキサントフィル類と高度不飽和脂肪酸を同時に顕著量生産することから, 食品添加物や養殖魚類飼料を用途とした新たな供給源として有望である。
Low threshold current, high efficiency 1.3 μm wavelength InGaAsN-GaAs based quantum well lasers (2003)

We report continuous wave (CW) operation for InGaAsN lasers up to 1.32 /spl mu/m. Also record low threshold current density J/sub TH/=2.7 kA/cm/sup 2/ (CW) at /spl lambda/=1.3 /spl mu/m, and record high output powers of 300 mW are demonstrated for nitrogen-based narrow ridge lasers.
Dielectric Constant During Emulsification (1994)

Dielectric constant of emulsions was studied during the process of emulsification. The initial faster rate of increase in dielectric constant was found to decrease progressively until a steady state was attained. The increase in dielectric constant during emulsification was associated with a decrease in globule size. Dielectric constant was found to possess an inverse and linear relation to globule size of the emulsion.