gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Modeling of the Left Atrium to Facilitate the Design of an Endoscopic Atrial Retractor (2007)

With the worldwide prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, much attention has been focused on simulating the characteristics of the human heart to better understand and treat cardiac disorders. The purpose of this study is to build a finite element model of the left atrium (LA) that incorporates detailed anatomical features and realistic material characteristics to investigate the interaction of heart tissue and surgical instruments. This model is used to facilitate the design of an endoscopically deployable atrial retractor for use in minimally invasive, robotically assisted mitral valve repair. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of a pressurized explanted porcine heart were taken to provide a 3D solid model of the heart geometry, while uniaxial tensile tests of porcine left atrial tissue were conducted to obtain realistic material properties for noncontractile cardiac tissue. A finite element model of the LA was constructed using ANSYS Release 9.0 software and the MRI data. The Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material model was chosen to characterize the passive left atrial tissue; material constants were derived from tensile test data. Finite element analysis (FEA) models of a CardioVations Port Access retractor and a prototype endoscopic retractor were constructed to simulate interaction between each instrument and the LA. These contact simulations were used to compare the quality of retraction between the two instruments and to optimize the design of the prototype retractor. Model accuracy was verified by comparing simulated cardiac wall deflections to those measured by MRI. FEA simulations revealed that peak forces of approximately 2.85 N and 2.46 N were required to retract the LA using the Port Access and prototype retractors, respectively. These forces varied nonlinearly with retractor blade displacement. Dilation of the atrial walls and rigid body motion of the chamber were approximately the same for both retractors. Finite element analysis is shown to be an effective tool for analyzing instrument/tissue interactions and for designing surgical instruments. The benefits of this approach to medical device design are significant when compared to the alternatives: constructing prototypes and evaluating them via animal or clinical trials.
Bifunctional earth-abundant phosphate/phosphide catalysts prepared via atomic layer deposition for electrocatalytic water splitting (2019)

The development of active and stable earth-abundant catalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution is one of the requirements for successful production of solar fuels. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is a proven technique for conformal coating of structured (photo)electrode surfaces with such electrocatalyst materials. Here, we show that ALD can be used for the deposition of iron and cobalt phosphate electrocatalysts. A PE-ALD process was developed to obtain cobalt phosphate films without the need for a phosphidation step. The cobalt phosphate material acts as a bifunctional catalyst, able to also perform hydrogen evolution after either a thermal or electrochemical reduction step.
Modeling of ion processes in atmospheric pressure matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation (2007)

Atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-MALDI) has proven a convenient and rapid method for ion production in the mass spectrometric analysis of biomolecules. This technique, like other atmospheric pressure ionization methods, suffers from ion loss during ion transmission from the atmosphere into the vacuum of the mass spectrometer. In this work, a simple model describing ion formation and ion motion towards the inlet capillary of the mass spectrometer is described. Both the gas flow and electric field near the MALDI plate were numerically calculated using the boundary element method (BEM). The ions were moving along with the gas flow and drifting in the electric field in accordance with their ion mobility properties. The ion signal dependence on an electric field strength obtained in the proposed model correlates well with experimental results.
Die-sink EDM in Meso-Micro Machining (2012)

Micro EDM has been identified since more than a decade as suitable process for machining complex shaped structures with high aspect ratio, though only through variations of EDM such as micro EDM milling, micro EDM drilling, coated electrodes etc. In the current paper, we present the research focused on analysing the capability for implementation of die-sink EDM in meso - micro scale machining (structures with surface area smaller than 10mm2 down to 0.05mm2) by concentrating on primary process parameters to obtain high material removal rate, low tool electrode wear with high form accuracy and precision. Graphite electrodes were mill machined in meso-micro scale with high precision and accuracy. Low tool wear technology was developed for using graphite electrodes in meso-micro EDM offering economical and energy efficient solution in meso-micro scale machining.
Pregnenolone Sulfate Restores the Glutamate-Nitric-Oxide-cGMP Pathway and Extracellular GABA in Cerebellum and Learning and Motor Coordination in Hyperammonemic Rats (2013)

Around 40% of cirrhotic patients show minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), with mild cognitive impairment which reduces their quality of life and life span. Treatment of MHE is unsatisfactory, and there are no specific treatments for the neurological alterations in MHE. Hyperammonemia is the main contributor to neurological alterations in MHE. New agents acting on molecular targets involved in brain mechanisms leading to neurological alterations are needed to treat MHE. Chronic hyperammonemia impairs learning of a Y-maze task by impairing the glutamate-nitric-oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway in cerebellum, in part by enhancing GABA(A) receptor activation, which also induces motor in-coordination. Acute pregnenolone sulfate (PregS) restores the glutamate-NO-cGMP pathway in hyperammonemic rats. This work aimed to assess whether chronic treatment of hyperammonemic rats with PregS restores (1) motor coordination; (2) extracellular GABA in cerebellum; (3) learning of the Y-maze task; (4) the glutamate-NO-cGMP pathway in cerebellum. Chronic intracerebral administration of PregS normalizes motor coordination likely due to extracellular GABA reduction. PregS restores learning ability by restoring the glutamate-NO-cGMP pathway, likely due to both enhanced NMDA receptor activation and reduced GABA(A) receptor activation. Similar treatments would improve cognitive and motor alterations in patients with MHE.
Trends in the safety of high dose bolus interleukin-2 administration in patients with metastatic cancer (1998)

Progressive reduction in morbidity and mortality was found with the systemic administration of high dose IL-2-based therapies over the 12-year study period. The improvement in safety most likely reflects the development of strategies to screen eligible patients, optimize therapeutic conditions, and judiciously terminate dosing when significant toxicities are noted. Despite these interventions, the overall and ongoing complete response rates for melanoma and renal carcinoma have not shown significant compromise. These trends suggest that high dose IL-2 can be safely administered to metastatic cancer patients under the current treatment guidelines and result in durable responses in a small subset of patients.
Electronic Tuning and Catalytic Activity of a Novel Pd(II) Complex Supported by a Tetracoordinate Ligand (2018)

Abstract The synthesis and study of a novel Pd(II) complex ( 2 ) supported by a new tetracoordinate ligand that is based on a bis(N‐heterocyclic carbene) with two pendant pyrimidinyl donors is described. The complex was characterized using a series of spectroscopic, analytical, and computational techniques. A preliminary assessment showed that 2 displayed good performance in Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions between phenyl boronic acid and an assortment of substituted bromobenzenes. Finally, the intrinsic electronic characteristics of the complex were elucidated through DFT‐based molecular orbital calculations which revealed that the coordinated metal center was relatively electron deficient and stabilized by a series of ligand dominated interactions.
Sequence Polymorphism in Polyploid Wheat and Their D-Genome Diploid Ancestor (2004)

Sequencing was used to investigate the origin of the D genome of the allopolyploid species Triticum aestivum and Aegilops cylindrica. A 247-bp region of the wheat D-genome Xwye838 locus, encoding ADP-glucopyrophosphorylase, and a 326-bp region of the wheat D-genome Gss locus, encoding granule-bound starch synthase, were sequenced in a total 564 lines of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum, genome AABBDD) involving all its subspecies and 203 lines of Aegilops tauschii, the diploid source of the wheat D genome. In Ae. tauschii, two SNP variants were detected at the Xwye838 locus and 11 haplotypes at the Gss locus. Two haplotypes with contrasting frequencies were found at each locus in wheat. Both wheat Xwye838 variants, but only one of the Gss haplotypes seen in wheat, were found among the Ae. tauschii lines. The other wheat Gss haplotype was not found in either Ae. tauschii or 70 lines of tetraploid Ae. cylindrica (genomes CCDD), which is known to hybridize with wheat. It is concluded that both T. aestivum and Ae. cylindrica originated recurrently, with at least two genetically distinct progenitors contributing to the formation of the D genome in both species.
Ni(II)-Catalyzed Polymerization of trans-2-Butene (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTNi(II)-Catalyzed Polymerization of trans-2-ButeneMark D. Leatherman and Maurice BrookhartView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3290 Venable Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 9, 2748–2750Publication Date (Web):March 30, 2001Publication History Received18 December 2000Revised9 March 2001Published online30 March 2001Published inissue 1 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma002142jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma002142jrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1239Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Hydrocarbons,Monomers,Olefin polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Hydrolytic Depolymerization of PET in a Microwave Reactor (2010)

Abstract Recycling of PET was examined using hydrolytic depolymerization in an alkaline solution under microwave irradiation. The reaction was carried out in a sealed microwave reactor in which the pressure and temperature were controlled and recorded. The main products were the monomers TPA and EG. The effect of reaction temperature, time, amount of PET and alkaline concentration on the degree of PET depolymerization and TPA recovery was investigated. Microwave irradiation was found to reduce the time needed to achieve a specific degradation of PET significantly, with almost complete depolymerization occurring in 30 min at 180 °C and only 46 W of microwave power. Using a phase transfer catalyst (TOMAB) resulted in the same amount of unreacted PET but at significantly lower depolymerization temperatures. magnified image
VESIM - Automotive Research Center (ARC) VEhicle SIMulation (2012)

VESIM has been used in numerous ARC research projects. References: Assanis, D. N., Filipi, Z. S., Gravante, S., Grohnke, D., Gui, X., Louca, L. S., Rideout, G. D., Stein, J. L., and Wang, Y., 2000, "Validation and Use of Simulink Integrated, High Fidelity, Engine-in-Vehicle Simulation of the International Class Vi Truck", 2000 SAE Transactions – Journal of Engines. ; C.-C. Lin, Z. Filipi, L. Louca, H. Peng, D. Assanis, J. Stein, "Modelling and control of a medium-duty hybrid electric truck," Int. J. of Heavy Vehicle Systems, 2004 Vol.11, No.3/4, pp.349 - 371, doi:10.1504/IJHVS.2004.005455 ; Ersal, T., Brudnak, M., Salvi, A., Stein, J. L., Filipi, Z., and Fathy, H. K., 2011, "Development and Model-Based Transparency Analysis of an Internet-Distributed Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform", Mechatronics, 21(1), pp. 22-29.
Design of molecular architectures for polymeric mesophase formation (1995)

Abstract Based on the tendency of low molar mass liquid crystals composed of extended mesogens symmetrically disubstituted with long n ‐alkoxy substituents to exhibit smectic C mesophases, we have proposed that SCLCPs with laterally attached (vs. terminally attached) mesogens offer an ideal architecture for obtaining s C* mesophases. In particular, mesogens that typically form the desirable s C* ‐n phase sequence can be laterally attached to the polymer backbone through a chiral spacer, which should result in high values of spontaneous polarization. Not only are we using mesogens which exhibit s C* ‐n phase sequences, we are also attempting to induce smectic layering into systems which typically form nematic mesophases by using immiscible hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon components and electron‐donor‐acceptor interactions. Thus far, the thermotropic behavior of poly{5‐[[[2', 5'‐bis[(3″‐fluoro‐4″‐dimethoxyphenyl)ethynyl]benzyl]oxy]carbonyl[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene]s and poly(5‐[[[2',5'‐bis[(3″‐fIuoro‐4″‐methoxybenzoyl)oxy]benzyl]oxy]carbonyl]‐bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene)s correspond to that of their low molar mass analogs. Preliminary results demonstrate that smectic layering is successfully induced in 2,5‐bis[(4'‐ n ‐alkoxybenzoyl)oxy]toluenes and polynorbornenes with laterally attached 2,5‐bis[(4'‐ n ‐alkoxybenzoyl)oxy]benzyl mesogens by terminating the n ‐alkoxy substituents with perfluorinated segments.
Abstract LB-086: CD3 MOSPD2 bi specific antibody significantly prolongs survival in a model of metastatic human cervical cancer without any evidence of toxicity (2020)

Abstract Introduction: We have previously showed that motile sperm domain-containing protein 2 (MOSPD2), is highly expressed in multiple solid tumors and cancer cell lines but has low/undetectable levels in healthy tissues, implying that MOSPD2 can be an effective target for directed killing of tumor cells. We developed CD3xMOSPD2 bi-specific IgG antibodies (BsAb) that induced T-cell activation and yielded profound death of target tumor cells in-vitro. Experimental procedure: NSG mice were injected subcutaneously with the metastatic cervical cancer HeLa cell line (day 0). Freshly isolated human PBMC were transferred I.P when tumors volume reached an average of 150mm3 (day 29). Subsequently, mice were treated I.V with control IgG antibody or CD3xMOSPD2 BsAb and monitored for survival. To assess in-vivo T-cell activation, serum collected 6hr after first antibody treatment was analyzed for cytokines level. Results: Treatment with CD3xMOSPD2 BsAb, significantly increased serum concentration of IFN-γ, IL-6 and TNF-α compared with control IgG-treatment. Strikingly, by day 65, survival rate of CD3xMOSPD2 BsAb treated mice was 90% compared with only 10% in the control IgG-treated group (n=9-10; p=0.00106). No evidence of toxicity or off target activity was detected. Conclusions: Our data show that CD3xMOSPD2 bi-specific antibody induces T-cell activation in-vivo and significantly extends the survival of mice carrying established metastatic cervical cancer. These results highlight the potential of bi-specific mediated immuno-oncology therapy for the treatment of MOSPD2-positive metastatic solid tumors. Citation Format: Niva Yacov, Oshrat Propheta-Meiran, Pinhas Kafri, Yaniv Salem, Itzhak Mendel, EYAL BREITBART. CD3 MOSPD2 bi specific antibody significantly prolongs survival in a model of metastatic human cervical cancer without any evidence of toxicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-086.
Polisis: Automated Analysis and Presentation of Privacy Policies Using Deep Learning (2018)

Privacy policies are the primary channel through which companies inform users about their data collection and sharing practices. These policies are often long and difficult to comprehend. Short notices based on information extracted from privacy policies have been shown to be useful but face a significant scalability hurdle, given the number of policies and their evolution over time. Companies, users, researchers, and regulators still lack usable and scalable tools to cope with the breadth and depth of privacy policies. To address these hurdles, we propose an automated framework for privacy policy analysis (Polisis). It enables scalable, dynamic, and multi-dimensional queries on natural language privacy policies. At the core of Polisis is a privacy-centric language model, built with 130K privacy policies, and a novel hierarchy of neural-network classifiers that accounts for both high-level aspects and fine-grained details of privacy practices. We demonstrate Polisis' modularity and utility with two applications supporting structured and free-form querying. The structured querying application is the automated assignment of privacy icons from privacy policies. With Polisis, we can achieve an accuracy of 88.4% on this task. The second application, PriBot, is the first free-form question-answering system for privacy policies. We show that PriBot can produce a correct answer among its top-3 results for 82% of the test questions. Using an MTurk user study with 700 participants, we show that at least one of PriBot's top-3 answers is relevant to users for 89% of the test questions.
Biobased Materials Production from Biodiesel Residuals of Rapeseed (2012)

A full biouse of crops for multiple end-uses would contribute to a more economically attractive and thereby more sustainable use of the crop. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate options to develop materials from residuals of rapeseed, originating from the biodiesel (RME) production. Compression molding of rapeseed flour and rapeseed cake residuals was evaluated together with additions of different amount of plasticizer (glycerol), as well as use of various pressing temperatures and times. The results were promising and led to a compact and hard, although somewhat brittle material. The potential to produce materials from the rapeseed residuals from RME production is thus high. Glycerol content was the most important factor increasing tensile strength in the material followed by pressing time. No clear protein polymerization was detected in the produced materials. Thus, despite the promising results, methods to obtain increased protein polymerization should be searched for. Therefore, binding agents, additives, or pretreatment of the rapeseed residuals are needed, or the proteins have to be purified, in order to generate a better polymerization of the proteins.
Modeling of Tool Forces for Worn Tools: Flank Wear Effects (1996)

A general procedure for the separation of ploughing forces from shearing forces on the shear plane is outlined. The first part of the paper deals with the experimental separation of these forces using the predictive machining theory developed by Oxley. The forces are decomposed by first separating the shear forces from the total forces and then employing an iterative procedure to calculate the normal forces on the shear plane. All analysis is conducted for three dimensional cutting. The second part of the paper develops a procedure to model the ploughing forces by accounting for the change in geometry with flank wear. The procedure uses the indentation models along with values of tool and workpiece material constants to determine the indentation force. Models for the indentation depth are developed from a few designed experiments and the predictions by the established models are then compared with experimental results obtained for different cutting conditions. The theoretical predictions of the ploughing forces agree closely with results of the experiments. Additional analysis using ceramic tools also show reasonably good agreement between predictions and experimental measurements.
Five-year experience of cementless Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement (2015)

IV.
Magnonic band gaps in waveguides with a periodic variation of the saturation magnetization (2013)

We present a micromagnetic analysis of spin-wave propagation in a magnonic crystal realized as a permalloy spin-wave waveguide with a spatial periodical variation of its saturation magnetization. Frequency band gaps were clearly observed in the spin-wave transmission spectra, and their origin is traced back to an overlap of individual band gaps of the fundamental and higher-order spin-wave width modes. The control of the depth, width, and position in frequency and space of the rejection band gaps by the width areas with a reduced magnetization and by the modulation level is discussed in this study.
Temperature dependent characteristics of the JPL silicon MEMS gyroscope (2002)

Advances in aeronautics and space technology have created a need for miniaturized navigation instruments such as gyroscopes, a need which is currently being addressed by a number of micromachined designs. While micromachined devices have already proven their advantages being light-weight and low-power, the performance limitations of these devices have not been thoroughly investigated. In particular the effects of the temperature environment on the performance is of great interest since they can be a dominant source of error in micromachined devices. We have investigated the temperature-dependent drift and noise characteristics of a packaged silicon MEMS gyroscopes. Packaged devices were subjected to various temperatures environments between -60 and +60/spl deg/C, and their resonant frequencies, signal drifts and quadrature drifts were monitored. The results obtained from these tests point out the mechanisms of temperature-dependent and temperature-independent drift and suggest a scheme for temperature compensation.
Back-side illuminated GeSn photodiode array on quartz substrate fabricated by laser-induced liquid-phase crystallization for monolithically-integrated NIR imager chip (2017)

Back-side illuminated germanium-tin (GeSn) photodiode array with high responsivity of 1.3 A/W has been demonstrated for group-IV-based near-infrared (NIR) imager chip. By using laser-induced liquid-phase crystallization technique, large-area and high-integrity photodiode array based on tensile-strained single-crystalline GeSn alloy was formed on a quartz substrate. A record-high on/off ratio of 5 decades with a low dark current of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−3</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> was obtained at 120 K for the fabricated GeSn n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /p diode. Thanks to backside illumination, the significantly enhanced NIR photoresponse was also achieved at wavelengths of 1.55 and 2 μm.