gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light-driven electron transfer from tetrathiafulvalene to porphyrins and Ru(bipy)32+. Charge separation by organized assemblies (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLight-driven electron transfer from tetrathiafulvalene to porphyrins and Ru(bipy)32+. Charge separation by organized assembliesCarole K. Graetzel and Michael GraetzelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 14, 2710–2714Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100211a031https://doi.org/10.1021/j100211a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Navigation Improves Tumor Ablation Performance: Results From a Novel Liver Tumor Simulator Study (2022)

In a simulated model, NAV improves ablation efficacy and efficiency, with novices gaining the greatest benefit over standard ultrasound.
ANALYSIS OF MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY DATA FOR DETECTION OF GLYCAN BIOMARKERS (2007)

We present a computational framework for analysis of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry data to enable quantitative comparison of glycans in serum. The proposed framework enables a systematic selection of glycan structures that have good generalization capability in distinguishing subjects from two pre-labeled groups. We applied the proposed method for a biomarker discovery study that involves 203 participants from Cairo, Egypt; 73 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, 52 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and 78 healthy individuals. Glycans were enzymatically released from proteins in serum and permethylated prior to mass spectrometric quantification. A subset of the participants (35 HCC and 35 CLD cases) was used as a training set to select global and subgroup-specific peaks. The peak selection step is preceded by peak screening, where we eliminate peaks that seem to have association with covariates such as age, gender, and viral infection based on the 78 spectra from healthy individuals. To ensure that the global peaks have good generalization capability, we subjected the entire spectral preprocessing and peak selection step to a cross-validation; a randomly selected subset of the training set was used for spectral preprocessing and peak selection in multiple runs with resubstitution. In addition to global peak identification method, we describe a new approach that allows the selection of subgroup-specific glycans by searching for glycans that display differential abundance in a subgroup of patients only. The performance of the global and subgroup-specific peaks is evaluated via a blinded independent set that comprises of 38 HCC and 17 CLD cases. Further evaluation of the potential clinical utility of the selected global and subgroup-specific candidate markers is needed.
A base-station antenna array receiver for cellular DS/CDMA with M-ary orthogonal modulation (2002)

Code division multiple access (CDMA) has been shown to offer higher capacity than the existing FDMA or TDMA systems. In the proposed IS-95 CDMA standard, no pilot is used in the reverse link due to power efficiency considerations. Therefore, an M-ary orthogonal modulation with noncoherent reception is used for this link. Spatial processing with base-station antenna arrays was proposed to reduce co-channel interference and increase system capacity. We present a base-station antenna arrays receiver structure for cellular CDMA with M-ary orthogonal modulation and noncoherent RAKE combining in the presence of multipath.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A microfluidic approach to rapid crispr-based detection of sars-cov-2 RNA (2020)

We will present a microfluidic assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA from raw nasopharyngeal swab samples in <30 min Our method combines isotachophoresis (ITP) and state-of-the-art CRISPR Cas12-based nucleic acid detection We show, for the first time, that electric field gradients in ITP can be used to pre-concentrate Cas12-guide RNA complex, target nucleic acids, and reporter molecules by ~1,000-fold into a ~100 pL volume on-chip This pre-concentration accelerates target-activated CRISPR enzymatic activity on reporter molecules We combine our ITP-CRISPR method with ITP-based nucleic acid extraction and isothermal amplification to detect Covid-19 from both contrived and clinical patient samples © 2020 CBMS-0001
Differential effects of overexpression of two forms of ephrin-A5 on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (2001)

Eph receptors constitute the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Multiple transcripts of ephrin-A5, the cognate ligand of the EphA3 receptor, were found in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Two cDNA clones encoding the full-length ephrin-A5 (ephrin-A5 alpha) and a 27-amino acid deletion form (ephrin-A5 beta) were isolated. To examine the role of ephrin-A5 in cardiomyocytes, the cDNAs were inserted into adenoviral vectors, termed Ad.ephrin-A5 alpha and Ad.ephrin-A5 beta, respectively, and overexpressed in cardiomyocytes. The effect of ephrin-A5 on cardiomyocyte gene expression was investigated using a cDNA expression array and Western blot analysis. The results showed that both ephrin-A5 alpha and ephrin-A5 beta downregulated cyclin D2, cyclin-dependent kinase-4 proteins, and their cognate receptor EphA3, which were associated with reduced bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in cardiomyocytes. Whereas ephrin-A5 alpha and ephrin-A5 beta also induced differential gene expression, only ephrin-A5 beta significantly upregulated the transcription of brain natriuretic peptide and downregulated ras-related protein RAB2, protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1, clusterin, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein. The results suggest that the two forms of ephrin-A5 share similar function while differ in regulating different sets of genes in cardiomyocytes.
Direct observation of metal nanoparticles as heterogeneous nuclei for the condensation of supersaturated organic vapors: Nucleation of size-selected aluminum nanoparticles in acetonitrile and n-hexane vapors (2014)

This work reports the direct observation and separation of size-selected aluminum nanoparticles acting as heterogeneous nuclei for the condensation of supersaturated vapors of both polar and nonpolar molecules. In the experiment, we study the condensation of supersaturated acetonitrile and n-hexane vapors on charged and neutral Al nanoparticles by activation of the metal nanoparticles to act as heterogeneous nuclei for the condensation of the organic vapor. Aluminum seed nanoparticles with diameters of 1 and 2 nm are capable of acting as heterogeneous nuclei for the condensation of supersaturated acetonitrile and hexane vapors. The comparison between the Kelvin and Fletcher diameters indicates that for the heterogeneous nucleation of both acetonitrile and hexane vapors, particles are activated at significantly smaller sizes than predicted by the Kelvin equation. The activation of the Al nanoparticles occurs at nearly 40% and 65% of the onset of homogeneous nucleation of acetonitrile and hexane supersaturated vapors, respectively. The lower activation of the charged Al nanoparticles in acetonitrile vapor is due to the charge-dipole interaction which results in rapid condensation of the highly polar acetonitrile molecules on the charged Al nanoparticles. The charge-dipole interaction decreases with increasing the size of the Al nanoparticles and therefore at low supersaturations, most of the heterogeneous nucleation events are occurring on neutral nanoparticles. No sign effect has been observed for the condensation of the organic vapors on the positively and negatively charged Al nanoparticles. The present approach of generating metal nanoparticles by pulsed laser vaporization within a supersaturated organic vapor allows for efficient separation between nucleation and growth of the metal nanoparticles and, consequently controls the average particle size, particle density, and particle size distribution within the liquid droplets of the condensing vapor. Strong correlation is found between the seed nanoparticle's size and the degree of the supersaturation of the condensing vapor. This result and the agreement among the calculated Kelvin diameters and the size of the nucleating Al nanoparticles determined by transmission electron microscopy provide strong proof for the development of a new approach for the separation and characterization of heterogeneous nuclei formed in organic vapors. These processes can take place in the atmosphere by a combination of several organic species including polar compounds which could be very efficient in activating charged nanoparticles and cluster ions of atmospheric relevance.
Formation of a Perylenetetracarboxylic Diimide Network Film by Post Electrochemical Treatment (2006)

Perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) derivatives bearing two or four peripheral pyrrole pendants (PDI-nPy, n=2 or 4) are cross-linkable materials by electro/phototreatment. In this paper, we introduce a new posttreatment technique to produce an insoluble film. Unlike the common solution-phase electrochemical deposition, we first spin-coated PDI-nPy on an electrode and then electrotreated the coated surface in a monomer-free electrolyte solution. This method gives the film a smooth surface with no granules, while the common method induces a rough film with a lot of granules. The post electrochemical treatment also provides a merit of higher resolution in a patterning process on a specific metal electrode. As one of the applications, we carried out an electrochromic study on the posttreated PDI-4Py film. It turned purple (lambdamax=590 nm) and sky blue (lambdamax=797 nm) at 0 and -1.9 V vs Ag/Ag+, respectively. We believe this method will broaden the patterning concept with the desired film morphology and resolution using PDI on a specific electrode.
F1 lightning (2020)

The ongoing and increasing interest in HTAP (Hybrid Transactional and Analytical Processing) systems documents the intense interest from data owners in simultaneously running transactional and analytical workloads over the same data set. Much of the reported work on HTAP has arisen in the context of "greenfield" systems, answering the question "if we could design a system for HTAP from scratch, what would it look like?" While there is great merit in such an approach, and a lot of valuable technology has been developed with it, we found ourselves facing a different challenge: one in which there is a great deal of transactional data already existing in several transactional systems, heavily queried by an existing federated engine that does not "own" the transactional systems, supporting both new and legacy applications that demand transparent fast queries and transactions from this combination. This paper reports on our design and experiences with F1 Lightning, a system we built and deployed to meet this challenge. We describe our design decisions, some details of our implementation, and our experience with the system in production for some of Google's most demanding applications.
Tiering as a Stochastic Submodular Optimization Problem (2020)

Tiering is an essential technique for building large-scale information retrieval systems. While the selection of documents for high priority tiers critically impacts the efficiency of tiering, past work focuses on optimizing it with respect to a static set of queries in the history, and generalizes poorly to the future traffic. Instead, we formulate the optimal tiering as a stochastic optimization problem, and follow the methodology of regularized empirical risk minimization to maximize the \emph{generalization performance} of the system. We also show that the optimization problem can be cast as a stochastic submodular optimization problem with a submodular knapsack constraint, and we develop efficient optimization algorithms by leveraging this connection.
Sensitization mechanisms of a multi-substituted isoindolomethene in a photopolymer coating layer: the effect on the sensitization mechanisms incorporating the bicyclo[2,2,2]octene group into bipyrromethene (2000)

The sensitization mechanisms for photoinitiations consisting of a 1,7,13-trimethyl-2,5,9,12-tetrahydro-2,5;9,12-diethano-isoindolomethene difluoroborate and a 2,8-diethyl- 1,3,5,7,9-pentamethylbipyrromethene difluoroborate, together with a radical generating reagent 3,3′,4,4′-tetrakis(terr-butyldioxycarbonyl)benzophenone, in a poly (methyl methacrylate) film have been investigated by laser flash photolysis using a total reflection cell. The effect on the sensitization mechanisms of incorporating the bicyclo group into bipyrromethene dye was discussed.
Effect of inoculation with multiple composite microorganisms on characteristics of humic fractions and bacterial community structure during biogas residue and livestock manure co‐composting (2014)

Abstract BACKGROUND It is necessary to inoculate microbes in the composting of special materials. Biogas residue ( BR ) is rich in refractory lignocellulose. To improve humification processes of BR composting, composite microorganisms ( CMs ), with multiple functions, were added to the mixture of BR and animal manure. RESULTS The results indicated that four humification indices ( DP , PHA , HR , HI ) were all markedly higher in the inoculated compost (0.46, 27.5, 43.34, 11.92) than in the uninoculated compost (0.39, 22.53, 28.56, 6.49) ( P &lt; 0.05). The inoculation increased the degree of polycondensation and aromatization, and molecular size, as well as the humification degree of BR compost as determined by fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence regional integration analysis of humic acids, fulvic acids and hydrophilic fraction, three chemically isolated fractions. Additionally, the inoculation increased the quantity and diversity of indigenous microorganisms and accelerated their proliferation by adjusting environmental conditions to optimize their growth. CONCLUSION The CMs inoculant is suitable for BR composting and inoculating based on the composition of the composting substrate could enhance composting efficiency and improve compost quality. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Human Salmonellosis: A Continuous Global Threat in the Farm-to-Fork Food Safety Continuum (2023)

<i>Salmonella</i> is one of the most common zoonotic foodborne pathogens and a worldwide public health threat. <i>Salmonella enterica</i> is the most pathogenic among <i>Salmonella</i> species, comprising over 2500 serovars. It causes typhoid fever and gastroenteritis, and the serovars responsible for the later disease are known as non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS). <i>Salmonella</i> transmission to humans happens along the farm-to-fork continuum via contaminated animal- and plant-derived foods, including poultry, eggs, fish, pork, beef, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and flour. Several virulence factors have been recognized to play a vital role in attaching, invading, and evading the host defense system. These factors include capsule, adhesion proteins, flagella, plasmids, and type III secretion systems that are encoded on the <i>Salmonella</i> pathogenicity islands. The increased global prevalence of NTS serovars in recent years indicates that the control approaches centered on alleviating the food animals' contamination along the food chain have been unsuccessful. Moreover, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> variants suggests a potential food safety crisis. This review summarizes the current state of the knowledge on the nomenclature, microbiological features, virulence factors, and the mechanism of antimicrobial resistance of <i>Salmonella</i>. Furthermore, it provides insights into the pathogenesis and epidemiology of <i>Salmonella</i> infections. The recent outbreaks of salmonellosis reported in different clinical settings and geographical regions, including Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, Latin America, Europe, and the USA in the farm-to-fork continuum, are also highlighted.
Visible Light Emitting Diode with ZnCdSe/BeZnTe Superlattices as an Active Layer and MgSe/BeZnTe Superlattices as a p-Cladding Layer (2002)

We report the fabrication and characterization of ZnCdSe/BeZnTe superlattices (SLs) visible LEDs which were grown on InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Applying the MgSe/BeZnTe SL for a p-cladding layer of the LED structure, the carrier confining effect was enhanced. The evaluation of the LEDs under pulsed current injections at room temperature (RT) resulted in observation of single peak emissions in the visible range, i.e. at 640 and 554 nm, corresponding to the different layer thickness combinations of the ZnCdSe/BeZnTe SLs active layers. A simple aging test of the LED was performed under the injection current density of 28 A/cm2. In spite of the higher dislocation density of the LED, in mid 105 cm—2, a relatively longer lifetime over 130 h was confirmed.
Stochastic differential equation analysis for ocean acoustic energy scattering by internal waves (2006)

Stochastic coupled mode theory is used to study acoustical scattering of a narrow-angle, low-frequency acoustical beam. Random index of refraction perturbation fields are described using the Garrett-Munk internal wave spectrum. The stochastic differential equations for the first- and second-order statistical moments of the acoustical field are derived using the Markov approach similar to Dozier, Tappert, and Chernov theories. The main objective of the research is to account for cross-mode correlations and to show that the method can be used for a calculation of the detailed structure of the mean acoustic field intensity distribution. For this purpose a narrow finite-frequency beam was taken as an example, and the intensity of the scattering field was calculated as a function of frequency and sound source depth. The coefficients of the matrix differential equation were obtained analytically, and an efficient numerical computation was obtained. Comparisons to Monte Carlo simulation show that the method can be used for detailed statistical sound field analysis in long-range propagation.
Formation and magnetic properties of Fe–Pt alloy clusters by plasma-gas condensation (2003)

Size-monodispersed FexPt1−x alloy clusters were synthesized using a plasma-gas-condensation technique which employs two separate elemental sputtering sources and a growth chamber. The composition of the alloy clusters was controlled by adjusting the ratio of the applied sputtering power. We found that high-temperature disordered fcc–FexPt1−x clusters whose mean diameters of 6–9 nm depend on the Ar gas flow ratio were formed for a wide average composition range (x≈0.3–0.7), and the lattice constant of as-doposited clusters increases almost linearly with decreasing x, being extrapolated to the value of pure Pt metal. For Fe49Pt51 cluster-assembled films, high coercivity (8.8 kOe) was obtained by annealing at 600 °C within 10 min due to improved chemical ordering, although as-deposited cluster-assembled films have lower blocking temperatures than room temperature, and show a small coercivity value (∼25 Oe) at room temperature due to intercluster magnetic interaction.
Effect of Environmental Pre-Conditioning on Bond of FRP Reinforcement to Concrete (2001)

To determine how environment affects the bond behavior of FRP reinforcement for concrete, FRP rods were subjected to accelerated environmental pre-conditioning and several mechanical tests. Specially-made smooth and lugged FRP rods consisting of glass/vinylester, carbon/vinylester, and carbon/epoxy composites were evaluated. The primary means of comparison of the pre-conditioned materials was the direct pull-out test, although pertinent properties of rods such as short-beam apparent shear strength and longitudinal modulus of elasticity were also evaluated. The results reveal that pre-conditioning of FRP rods prior to casting degrades the FRP material itself, but does not necessarily degrade the bond behavior. In particular, the smooth rods, which had low bond strength to begin with, had little change in bond strength. On the other hand, the lugged rods, which were made susceptible to the environment by the machining of lugs, had significantly reduced bond strength due to degradation of the resin or the fiber/resin interface. Of the three types of aqueous environments evaluated, high temperature combined with an alkaline solution is the most aggressive to the FRP materials evaluated. Certain experiments highlighted the importance of the resin rich surface on environmental resistance.
Regulation of Exocytosis and Fusion Pores by Synaptotagmin-Effector Interactions (2010)

Synaptotagmin (syt) serves as a Ca(2+) sensor in the release of neurotransmitters and hormones. This function depends on the ability of syt to interact with other molecules. Syt binds to phosphatidylserine (PS)-containing lipid bilayers as well as to soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor receptors (SNAREs) and promotes SNARE assembly. All these interactions are regulated by Ca(2+), but their specific roles in distinct kinetic steps of exocytosis are not well understood. To explore these questions we used amperometry recording from PC12 cells to investigate the kinetics of exocytosis. Syt isoforms and syt I mutants were overexpressed to perturb syt-PS and syt-SNARE interactions to varying degrees and evaluate the effects on fusion event frequency and the rates of fusion pore transitions. Syt I produced more rapid dilation of fusion pores than syt VII or syt IX, consistent with its role in synchronous synaptic release. Stronger syt-PS interactions were accompanied by a higher frequency of fusion events and more stable fusion pores. By contrast, syt-SNARE interactions and syt-induced SNARE assembly were uncorrelated with rates of exocytosis. This associates the syt-PS interaction with two distinct kinetic steps in Ca(2+) triggered exocytosis and supports a role for the syt-PS interaction in stabilizing open fusion pores.
Mechanochromic Photoluminescent Liquid Crystals Containing 5,5′-Bis(2-phenylethynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (2014)

5,5′-Bis(2-phenylethynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene derivative 1 containing dendritic moieties linked through amide groups was synthesized. Compound 1 exhibits a rectangular columnar phase on slow cooling from the isotropic liquid. In contrast, a cubic phase is formed as a metastable liquid-crystalline phase by rapid cooling of the isotropic melt. Mechanical shearing induces a cubic–columnar phase transition, accompanied by the change of a photoluminescent color from yellow-green to green. The infrared spectra of 1 suggest that the mechanical stimuli can induce the partial dissociation of the hydrogen bond. This may lead to more disordering of the π-stacks of chromophores.
All optical XNOR gate using simultaneous four-wave mixing and cross-gain modulation in an SOA (2004)

We demonstrate an all-optical XNOR-gate using simultaneous FWM and XGM in an SOA. Error-free operation for 5-Gb/s RZ data with < 2dB power-penalty is reported. The module also performs as a half-adder with inverted 'sum' output.