gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Solar/Waste Heat Driven Dual-Mode, Multi-Stage, Multi-Bed Regenerative Adsorption System (2001)

Abstract Over the past three decades there have been considerable efforts to use adsorption (solid/vapor) for cooling and heat pump applications, but intensified efforts were initiated only since the imposition of international restrictions on the production and use of CFCs (chloroflurocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrochloroflurocarbons). Closed-type, conventional adsorption refrigeration and heat pump systems have an increasing market share in Japan. In this paper, a dual-mode, three-stage non-regenerative, 6-bed regenerative silica gel-water adsorption chiller design is outlined along with the performance evaluation of the innovative chiller. This adsorption chiller utilizes effectively solar or waste heat sources. Two operation modes are possible for the advanced chiller. The first operation mode will be to work as a highly efficient conventional chiller where the driving source temperature is between 60 and 95°C. The second operation mode will be to work as an advanced three-stage adsorption chiller where the available driving source temperature is very low (between 40 and 60°C). With this very low driving source temperature, no other cycle except an advanced adsorption cycle with staged regeneration will be operational. The drawbacks of this operational mode are its poor efficiency in terms of cooling capacity and COP.
Gas Permeability, Fractional Free Volume and Molecular Kinetic Diameters: The Effect of Thermal Rearrangement on ortho-hydroxy Polyamide Membranes Loaded with a Porous Polymer Network (2022)

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of an <i>ortho</i>-hydroxy polyamide (HPA) matrix, and variable loads of a porous polymer network (PPN) were thermally treated to induce the transformation of HPA to polybenzoxazole (β-TR-PBO). Two different HPAs were synthesized to be used as a matrix, 6FCl-APAF and tBTpCl-APAF, while the PPN used as a filler was prepared by reacting triptycene and trifluoroacetophenone. The permeability of He, H<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> gases through these MMMs are analyzed as a function of the fraction of free volume (FFV) of the membrane and the kinetic diameter of the gas, allowing for the evaluation of the free volume. Thermal rearrangement entails an increase in the FFV. Both before and after thermal rearrangement, the free volume increases with the PPN content very similarly for both polymeric matrices. It is shown that there is a portion of free volume that is inaccessible to permeation (occluded volume), probably due to it being trapped within the filler. In fact, permeability and selectivity change below what could be expected according to densities, when the fraction of occluded volume increases. A higher filler load increases the percentage of inaccessible or trapped free volume, probably due to the increasing agglomeration of the filler. On the other hand, the phenomenon is slightly affected by thermal rearrangement. The fraction of trapped free volume seems to be lower for membranes in which the tBTpCl-APAF is used as a matrix than for those with a 6FCl-APAF matrix, possibly because tBTpCl-APAF could approach the PPN better. The application of an effective medium theory for permeability allowed us to extrapolate for a 100% filler, giving the same value for both thermally rearranged and non-rearranged MMMs. The pure filler could also be extrapolated by assuming the same tendency as in the Robeson's plots for MMMs with low filler content.
Challenges to effective collaboration in cross-cultural virtual teams (2015)

Multinational organisations are increasingly adopting geographically distributed cross-cultural virtual teams to accomplish projects. As organisations seek to exploit the benefits of such teams, they may confront a number of challenges. This research explored challenges to effective partnership in cross-cultural virtual teams through an in-depth case study of the Ghana subsidiary of a multinational organisation in the telecommunications industry. It is an interpretive study based on qualitative data from semi-structured interviews. The study finds that temporal, linguistic, and cultural issues present significant challenges to effective teamwork. The paper discusses implications of the findings for the effective management of cross-cultural virtual teams.
Iris pattern obfuscation in digital images (2014)

As the imaging systems in handheld devices continue to improve, both in terms of optical quality and the use of advanced computational imaging techniques, we are close to a point where high quality iris images can be obtained from personal images, which in turn can be used for spoofing attacks against iris recognition system. Thus an emerging challenge for next-generation personal imaging devices is to provide a means to obfuscate iris pattern in digital photographs and videos, but without destroying the photo-realistic qualities of the eye regions in a photograph or video. This will effectively reduce the chance of obtaining iris patterns easily, which can be later used for spoofing. In this paper we propose five different techniques for iris pattern obfuscation and perform some initial testing to evaluate which are more robust. In addition some representative samples are provided of the visible effects on the appearance of eye regions.
First Firing of a 100-kW Nested-Channel Hall Thruster (2013)

Abstract : Currently, there is interest in scaling electric propulsion devices to higher power from 30 kW to 300 kW. An effective method of meeting this call is investment in extending the power range of mature technology. Both the Air Force and NASA have determined nested-channel Hall-effect thrusters (NHTs) are a promising path forward1. The X3 NHT, a 100-kW class laboratory model thruster, has been designed and fabricated leveraging past high-power HETs as well as proof-of-concept work by Liang2 in order to provide a benchmark NHT device Developed jointly by the University of Michigan Plasmadynamics and Electric Propulsion Laboratory (PEPL), Air Force Research Laboratory, NASA Glenn Research Center and NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the X3 NHT is a three-channel NHT with a nominal power throttling range from 1 kW to 200 kW. Based on conventional thruster scaling, to the X3 may achieve 15 N of thrust and 4,600 sec of Isp with xenon and krypton propellant, respectively. In this paper we preview the initial operation of the 100-kW class NHT.
Characterizing the effects of etch-induced material modification on the crystallization properties of nitrogen doped Ge2Sb2Te5 (2011)

The chemical and structural effects of processing on the crystallization of nitrogen doped Ge2Sb2Te5 is examined via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), time resolved laser reflectivity, and time resolved x-ray diffraction (XRD). Time resolved laser reflectivity and XRD show that exposure to various etch and ash chemistries significantly reduces the crystallization speed while the transition temperature from the rocksalt to the hexagonal phase is increased. XPS and XAS attribute this to the selective removal and oxidization of N, Ge, Sb, and Te, thus altering the local bonding environment to the detriment of device performance.
Endothelial ALK1 Is a Therapeutic Target to Block Metastatic Dissemination of Breast Cancer (2015)

Exploration of new strategies for the prevention of breast cancer metastasis is justifiably at the center of clinical attention. In this study, we combined a computational biology approach with mechanism-based preclinical trials to identify inhibitors of activin-like receptor kinase (ALK) 1 as effective agents for blocking angiogenesis and metastasis in breast cancer. Pharmacologic targeting of ALK1 provided long-term therapeutic benefit in mouse models of mammary carcinoma, accompanied by strikingly reduced metastatic colonization as a monotherapy or part of combinations with chemotherapy. Gene-expression analysis of breast cancer specimens from a population-based nested case-control study encompassing 768 subjects defined endothelial expression of ALK1 as an independent and highly specific prognostic factor for metastatic manifestation, a finding that was corroborated in an independent clinical cohort. Overall, our results suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of endothelial ALK1 constitutes a tractable strategy for interfering with metastatic dissemination of breast cancer.
A cross-sectional study of the prevalence and associations of iron deficiency in a cohort of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2015)

Non-anaemic iron deficiency is common in COPD and appears to be driven by inflammation. Iron deficiency associates with hypoxaemia, an excess of exacerbations and, possibly, worse exercise tolerance, all markers of poor prognosis. Given that it has been shown to be beneficial in other chronic diseases, intravenous iron therapy should be explored as a novel therapeutic option in COPD.
n-Nonanoyl-CC Chemokine Ligand 14, a Potent CC Chemokine Ligand 14 Analogue That Prevents the Recruitment of Eosinophils in Allergic Airway Inflammation (2004)

CCR3 is responsible for tissue infiltration of eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and Th2 cells, particularly in allergic diseases. In this context, CCR3 has emerged as a target for the treatment of allergic asthma. It is well known that the N-terminal domain of chemokines is crucial for receptor binding and, in particular, its activation. Based on this background, we investigated a number of N-terminally truncated or modified peptides derived from the chemokine CCL14/hemofiltrate CC chemokine-1 for their ability to modulate the activity of CCR3. Among 10 derivatives tested, n-nonanoyl (NNY)-CCL14[10-74] (NNY-CCL14) was the most potent at evoking the release of reactive oxygen species and inducing chemotaxis of human eosinophils. In contrast, NNY-CCL14 has inactivating properties on human eosinophils, because it is able to induce internalization of CCR3 and to desensitize CCR3-mediated intracellular calcium release and chemotaxis. In contrast to naturally occurring CCL11, NNY-CCL14 is resistant to degradation by CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Because inhibition of chemokine receptors through internalization is a reasonable therapeutic strategy being pursued for HIV infection, we tested a potential inhibitory effect of NNY-CCL14 in two murine models of allergic airway inflammation. In both OVA- and Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized mice, i.v. treatment with NNY-CCL14 resulted in a significant reduction of eosinophils in the airways. Moreover, airway hyper-responsiveness was shown to be reduced by NNY-CCL14 in the OVA model. It therefore appears that an i.v. administered agonist internalizing and thereby inhibiting CCR3, such as NNY-CCL14, has the potential to alleviate CCR3-mediated diseases.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided lymph node ablation with a novel radiofrequency ablation probe: feasibility study in an acute porcine model (2014)

EUS-RFA of lymph nodes was performed safely and successfully using a prototype EUS-compatible probe. This method may have the potential for future use in patient care.
Electro-optical sampling of ultrashort THz pulses by fs-laser pulses at 530 nm with BaTiO3 (2007)

Electro-optical sampling (EOS) of ultrabroadband terahertz (THz) radiation with the help of ultrashort 530 nm fs-laser pulses is reported. The THz pulses are generated by exciting a surface emitter (InAs) with a parabolic fiber laser amplifier delivering 100 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 75 MHz and an average power of 10 W at 1060 nm. The pulses are frequency doubled to 530 nm for gating and BaTiO3 is used as the detector crystal.
Original Articles ; Purification and Characterization of an Extracellular Alkaline Protease from Bacillus subtilis RM615 (1994)

Bacillus subtilis RM615, isolated from the house roach, produced extracellular proteases on a skim milk plate. The major protease (AprA) was purified by 80% acetone precipitation and DE and CM-cellulose chromatography. The purified enzyme had a molecular weight of 28,000 daltons on SDS-PAGE. The enzyme was inhibited by phenylmethane-sulphonyl fluoride (PMSF) and soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI), but not by ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), o-phenanthroline, elastatinal, histidine, or leupeptin. These results indicated that it is a serine protease. This protease preferentially cleaved Leu or Arg as the P1 site. The proteolytic activity of AprA was reduced to 75% of maximum activity by treatment with 5 M urea for 1 h at 25℃, and to 82% by treatment with 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The protease showed high enzyme activity in a wide pH range from 6.0 to 12.0, and was stable in alkali, retaining 85% of its initial activity at pH 12.0 after 24 h incubation period at 25℃. Enzyme activity reached a maximum at approximately 60℃. When the enzyme was incubated for 30 min at pH 11.0 (50 mM CAPS buffer, 10 mM CaCl₂) at 70℃, the residual activity of the enzyme was 71%.
Orthogonal Hilbert transform filter banks and wavelets (2004)

Complex wavelet transforms offer the opportunity to perform directional and coherent processing based on the local magnitude and phase of signals and images. Although denoising, segmentation, and image enhancement are significantly improved using complex wavelets, the redundancy of most current transforms hinders their application in compression and related problems. In this paper we introduce a new orthonormal complex wavelet transform with no redundancy for both real- and complex-valued signals. The transform's filter bank features a real low pass filter and two complex high pass filters arranged in a critically sampled three-band structure. Placing symmetry and orthogonality constraints on these filters, we find that each high-pass filter can be factored into a real high pass filter followed by an approximate Hilbert transform filter.
12-Core Erbium/Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier for 200G/400G Long-Haul, Metro-Regional, DCI Transmission Applications with ROADM (2021)

A 12-core Er/Yb-doped fiber amplifier with 21-dBm output power per core and 5.3-Watts multimode pump is used here to address various transmission applications with ROADM. 1200-km with 200G DP-QPSK and 300-km with 400G DP-16QAM are achieved in serial configuration at 1550-nm. Parallel 12x100-km transport with 400-ZR+ transceiver is also implemented.
Polymer-based waveguide VOA suitable for ultra-broadband network (2004)

A polymer-based thermal controllable waveguide type VOA is proposed. The S-bend buried waveguide structure with polymer core and silica cladding that attenuates light with satisfactory extinction ratio through the band from 1.28 /spl mu/m to 1.58 /spl mu/m is presented.
High Relaxivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents Part 1 (2010)

Water exchange dynamics and relaxivity can be predictably tuned by choice of donor atoms.
SoundButton: design of a low power wearable audio classification system (2004)

The paper deals with the design of a sound recognitionsystem focused on an ultra low power hardware implementationin a button like miniature form factor. We present theresults of the first design phase focused on selection andexperimental evaluation of sound classes and algorithmssuitable for low power realization. We also present theVHDL model of the hardware showing that our method canbe implemented with minimal resources. Our approach isbased on spectrum analysis to distinguish between a subsetof sound sources with a clear audio signature. It alsouses intensity analysis from microphones placed at differentlocations to correlate the sounds with user activity.
Simultaneous untargeted and targeted metabolomics profiling of underivatized primary metabolites in sulfur-deficient barley by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2018)

A fast and innovated simultaneous untargeted/targeted method has successfully been developed and applied to sulfur deficiency on barley. This work opens interesting perspectives in both fundamental and applied research. Biomarker discovery give precious indication to understand plant behavior during a nutritional deficiency. Thus, direct or indirect measurement of these compounds allows a real time fertilization management and encounter the challenges of sustainable agriculture.
Joint seismic and electromagnetic inversion for reservoir mapping using a deep learning aided feature-oriented approach (2020)

As more and more types of geophysical measurements informing about different characteristics of subsurface formations are available, effectively synergizing the information from these measurements becomes critical to enhance deep reservoir characterization, determine interwell fluid distribution and ultimately maximize oil recovery. In this study, we develop a feature-based model calibration workflow by combining the power of ensemble methods in data integration and deep learning techniques in feature segmentation. The performance of the developed workflow is demonstrated with a synthetic channelized reservoir model, in which crosswell seismic and electromagnetic (EM) data are jointly inverted. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 13, 2020 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Time: 4:45 PM Location: 360D Presentation Type: Oral
Sharing landmark information using mixture of Gaussian terrain spatiograms (2009)

In this paper we evaluate the use of a novel spatial histogram, the terrain spatiogram, as a common representation for exchanging landmark information between robots working as a team to map an area. Individual robots use range sensors to provide the spatial dimension of the spatiogram and video for the image dimension. We have previously shown that terrain spatiograms can be shared between robots in a heterogeneous team to recognize landmarks and to fuse observations from multiple sensors or multiple platforms. A terrain spatiogram using a mixture of Gaussians (MOG) model is introduced and a corresponding normalized spatiogram similarity measure defined. Two methods to generate a MOG terrain spatiogram are presented and compared experimentally using indoor and outdoor landmark information transferred between two different models of robot equipped with differently configured stereocameras.
Macro- and Micro-Deformation Behavior of Sintered-Copper Die-Attach Material (2017)

Macro- and micro-deformation properties of sintered copper die-attach material were evaluated. The macro-deformation properties are the properties, including the contribution of voids, and the micro-deformation properties are the properties, excluding the contribution of voids. Macro-deformation properties were evaluated by tensile tests at room temperature along with finite-element analysis (FEA). The specimens for these tests were made by sintering copper-oxide nano particles in the form of paste in a hydrogen atmosphere under low and high pressures. The micro-deformation properties were estimated by tensile test and FEA using a model that reproduces the micro-porous structure obtained from processing focused-ion beam scanning electron microscope data. The micro-stress/strain curve estimated for sintered copper was found to lie above the sintered silver and below the bulk copper. The porosity dependency of the macro-deformation properties of sintered copper was calculated using FEA models and the estimated micro-deformation property. The results obtained show that the macro-deformation properties of sintered copper are higher than those of sintered silver with similar porosity. This suggests that sintered copper die-attach material requires a lower sintering pressure than for sintered silver to achieve the same strength.
Nickel-catalyzed Reactions between Enone and Two Ethylenes (2009)

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of Ni(cod)2 and PCy3, the reaction of (E)-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-one (1a) with ethylene occurred to give three-component addition products, 1,6-enone 2a and 1,5-diketone 4a. The reaction of an enone with two ethylenes gave 2a. The reaction of two enones with an ethylene gave 4a. On the other hand, 2-methyl-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (1b) reacted with two ethylenes selectively to give a mixture of 2b and 3b. The reaction might proceed via oxidative cyclization of an enone and an ethylene with nickel(0).
Author response: Abortive intussusceptive angiogenesis causes multi-cavernous vascular malformations (2021)

Genetic studies reveal that mosaic inactivation of ccm2 causes characteristic cerebral cavernous malformations in adult zebrafish and aberrant responses to blood flow that induce the formation of a lethal embryonic multi-cavernous venous malformation.
Tunable wavelength dependent nanoswitches enabled by simple plasmonic core-shell particles (2013)

In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of using a plasmonic core-shell particle to function as a wavelength dependent switch for integration into nanoantenna structures. First, a quasistatic analysis is performed and the necessary conditions are derived which allow the particle to operate in either a short- or an open-circuit state. These conditions dictate that the core and the shell permittivity values need to have opposite sign. Consequently, at optical wavelengths where noble metals are modeled as Drude dielectrics, these conditions can be easily realized. As a matter of fact, it is demonstrated that a realistic core-shell particle can exhibit both the short- and open-circuit states, albeit at different wavelengths. Our analysis is extended by examining the same problem beyond the quasistatic limit. For this task we utilize an inhomogeneous spherical transmission line representation of the core-shell particle. The conditions are derived for the particle that yield either an input admittance or impedance equal to zero. It is further demonstrated that these conditions are the short wavelength generalization of their quasistatic counterparts.
Antileishmanial Activities of Several Classes of Aromatic Dications (2002)

Aromatic dicationic molecules possess impressive activity against a broad spectrum of microbial pathogens, including Pneumocystis carinii, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Candida albicans. In this work, 58 aromatic cations were examined for inhibitory activity against axenic amastigote-like Leishmania donovani parasites. In general, the most potent of the compounds were substituted diphenyl furan and thiophene dications. 2,5-Bis-(4-amidinophenyl)thiophene was the most active compound. This agent displayed a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.42 +/- 0.08 microM against L. donovani and an in vitro antileishmanial potency 6.2-fold greater than that of the clinical antileishmanial dication pentamidine and was 155-fold more toxic to the parasites than to a mouse macrophage cell line. 2,4-Bis-(4-amidinopheny)furan was twice as active as pentamidine (IC50), 1.30 +/- 0.21 microM), while 2,5-bis-(4-amidinopheny)furan and pentamidine were essentially equipotent in our in vitro antileishmanial assay. Carbazoles, dibenzofurans, dibenzothiophenes, and benzimidazoles containing amidine or substituted amidine groups were generally less active than the diphenyl furans and thiophenes. In all cases, aromatic dications possessing strong antileishmanial activity were severalfold more toxic to the parasites than to a cultured mouse macrophage cell line. These structure-activity relationships demonstrate the potent antileishmanial activity of several aromatic dications and provide valuable information for the future design and synthesis of more potent antiparasitic agents.