gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In-Situ Growth Of Superconducting YBa 2 Cu 3 O y Films By Pulsed Laser Deposition (1990)

YBa2Cu3Oy thin films have been deposited in-situ on several substrate materials using pulsed excimer laser deposition. On the substrates, SrTiO3, MgO, LaA103, and yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), excellent films were obtained. These films had high superconducting transition temperatures (91K) with narrow transition widths (&asymp;0.5K), metallic conductivity in the normal state, low room-temperature resistivity ( ~250 µ&Omega;-cm), high critical currents (~3x107 A/cm2 at 4.2K), c-axis orientation perpendicular to the plane of the film, and epitaxial alignment with the substrate. On the more technologically relevant substrates of A12O3 and Si, less optimal results were obtained. The transition temperatures were high (86-88K) and metallic conductivity way obtained in the normal state. However, the room-temperature and microwave surface resistivities were higher and the critical currents were lower than for the above benchmark substrates. These diminished transport properties correlate with the imperfect alignment and epitaxy of the YBCO and substrate. For A12O3 substrates, a narrow substrate-temperature window was found for the best in-situ YBCO films. The poorer transport properties correlate with the lack of registry of the YBCO a-b plane with the sapphire r-plane. For Si substrates, a buffer layer is required due to high reactivity even at substrate temperatures as low as 550 C. YSZ provides a good buffer, and our best results were obtained on clean, hydrogen-terminated surfaces rather than oxidized Si. The amount of Y2O3 in ZrO2 was varied, and the best films were obtained with x near 0.1 where (ZrO2)1-x(Y2O3)x is cubic. Epitaxial alignment of the YBCO with the Si was achieved, but there was a substantial spread in orientations, accounting for the diminished transport properties.
Chloride-dependent Na-H Exchange (1995)

The mechanism of sodium movement across apical membrane of colonic crypt cells of rat distal colon was examined in studies of both 22Na uptake by apical membrane vesicles (AMV) and the rate of intracellular pH (pHi) recovery from an acid load by the addition of lumen sodium. In the presence of chloride but not in its absence, 22Na uptake in crypt AMV was stimulated by an outward gradient of either [H+] or [Na+]. 22Na uptake stimulated by an outward [Na+] gradient was also observed in the presence of other halides in the order of chloride > bromide > fluoride > iodide. pHi recovery from an acid load was both lumen sodium- and chloride-dependent, and the rate of pHi recovery by lumen sodium in the presence of chloride was 65-fold greater than that in the absence of chloride (dpH/dt is 655.4 and 10.2 in the presence and absence of chloride, respectively). One mM amiloride inhibited both [H+] gradient-stimulated 22Na uptake in the presence of chloride in crypt AMV (80%) and lumen sodium- and chloride-dependent pHi recovery in crypt cells (96%). [H+] gradient stimulation of 22Na uptake by crypt AMV in the presence of chloride was less sensitive to amiloride than amiloride inhibition of Na-H exchange in colonic surface AMV. These studies provide compelling evidence that a chloride-dependent Na-H exchange that is relatively amiloride-resistant is present in the apical membrane of colonic crypt cells. As prior studies have not identified a chloride-dependent Na-H exchange, the molecular and functional basis of this novel transport process is not known.
Dynamic Metasurfaces for Massive MIMO Networks (2019)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications are the focus of considerable interest in recent years. While theoretical gains of such massive MIMO have been established, implementing MIMO systems with large-scale antenna arrays in practice is challenging. Among the practical difficulties associated with massive MIMO implementations are increased cost, power consumption, and physical size. In this work we study the implementation of massive MIMO antenna arrays using dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs), an emerging technology which inherently handles the aforementioned challenges. DMAs realize planar large-scale arrays of tunable antenna elements, and can adaptively incorporate compression and analog combining in the physical antenna structure, thus reducing cost and power consumption. We first propose a mathematical model for massive MIMO systems with DMAs and discuss their constraints compared to ideal antenna arrays. Then, we characterize the fundamental limits of the resulting systems, and propose an algorithm for designing practical DMAs to approach these limits. Our numerical results indicate that the performance of practical DMA-based massive MIMO systems is comparable with ideal antenna arrays.
Rearrangement of a 2-aminobenzylideneamino-acetic acid N-oxide with ethyl chloroformate (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement of a 2-aminobenzylideneamino-acetic acid N-oxide with ethyl chloroformateStanley Charles BellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 2, 828–830Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01266a073https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01266a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A NADPH substitute for selective photo-initiation of reductive bioprocesses via two-photon induced electron transfer (2007)

A NADPH substitute where the nicotinamide moiety is replaced by a chromophoric unit having much larger two-photon absorption cross-section and able to transfer electrons to flavins only upon excitation is described as an effective two-photon nanotrigger for selective photo-activation of electron transfer in bioreductive processes.
The Stanford FLASH multiprocessor (2002)

The FLASH multiprocessor efficiently integrates support for cache-coherent shared memory and high-performance message passing, while minimizing both hardware and software overhead. Each node in FLASH contains a microprocessor, a portion of the machine's global memory, a port to the interconnection network, The MAGIC chip handles all communication both within the node and among nodes, using hardwired data paths for efficient data movement and a programmable processor optimized for executing protocol operations. The use of the protocol processor makes FLASH very flexible/spl minus/it can support a variety of different communication mechanisms/spl minus/and simplifies the design and implementation. This paper presents the architecture of FLASH and MAGIC, and discusses the base cache-coherence and message-passing protocols. Latency and occupancy numbers, which are derived from our system-level simulator and our Verilog code, are given for several common protocol operations. The paper also describes our software strategy and FLASH's current status.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Security Across Disparate Management Domains in Coalition MANETs (2011)

Designing a coalition network for chaotic environments (e.g., responding to a large catastrophe) is challenging because such systems cannot rely on availability of a fixed communication or a security infrastructure. In such situations, a coalition may use Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) to communicate and to extend its operational reach and tempo. In this scenario, bootstrapping security and networking protocols requires that networking protocols cannot assume full existence of operational security protocols and vice-versa. In this chapter, the authors outline a realistic bounded resource adversary model and examine bootstrapping problems in the physical &amp; link layer and the routing layer with the goal of identifying new research challenges and novel solution methodologies. In particular, (i) the authors examine secure link key set up protocols at the physical &amp; link layer that neither use computationally intensive PKI mechanisms nor assume pre-configured shared keys between nodes that belong to different coalition partners, (ii) identify new security issues owing to power saving intra-domain routing protocols that use sophisticated packet matching and forwarding mechanisms; in a coalition setting they also examine inter-domain routing protocols that preserve domain autonomy and yet permits scalable network monitoring and misbehavior detection, (iii) examine identity management issues in MANETs and outline a wireless fingerprinting approach to condone a malicious node from spoofing and forging one or more identities on the network.
HO-3D: A Multi-User, Multi-Object Dataset for Joint 3D Hand-Object Pose Estimation. (2019)

We propose a new dataset for 3D hand+object pose estimation from color images, together with a method for efficiently annotating this dataset, and a 3D pose prediction method based on this dataset. The current lack of training data makes the 3D hand+object pose estimation very challenging. This lack is due to the complexity of labeling many real images with both 3D poses and of generating synthetic images with various realistic interaction. Moreover, even if synthetic images could be used for training, annotated real images are still needed for validation. To tackle this challenge, we capture sequences with a simple setup made of a single RGB-D camera. We also use a color camera imaging the sequences from a side view, but only for validation. We introduce a novel method based on global optimization that exploits depth, color, and temporal constraints for efficiently annotating the sequences, which we use to train another novel method that predicts both the 3D poses of the hand and the object from a single color image. Our hope is to encourage other researchers to develop better annotation methods for our dataset: One can then apply such method to capture and easily annotate sequences captured with a single RGB-D camera to easily create additional training data thus solving one of the main problems of 3D hand+object pose estimation.
Increased oxidative protection by high active vitamin E content and partial radiation crosslinking of UHMWPE (2017)

Vitamin E stabilization successfully improved long-term oxidation resistance of wear-resistant ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) used for joint implants. Stabilization can be achieved by blending an antioxidant into the UHMWPE resin powder before consolidation and irradiation. Balancing the wear resistance and vitamin E content in the blend is the current challenge with this approach, because vitamin E hinders crosslinking of UHMWPE during irradiation, which decreases wear resistance. The vitamin E concentration in the blend is generally limited to less than 0.3 wt%. Wear- and oxidation-resistant UHMWPE has been obtained previously by consolidating blends of pre-irradiated UHMWPE powders (XPE) into an unmodified polyethylene matrix (PE), where the improvement in wear rate depended on the radiation dose and fraction of XPE. We hypothesized that increasing the vitamin E content in the unirradiated matrix would not compromise wear and would further improve the oxidative stability of XPE/PE blends. Pin-on-disk wear testing showed that the XPE/PE blends containing 0.1-1.0 wt% vitamin E in the matrix had comparable wear rates. We used an aggressive accelerated aging test in the presence of the pro-oxidant squalene and oxidation induction time (OIT) test and found that higher amounts of vitamin E resulted in stronger oxidation resistance for XPE/PE blends. The mechanical strength and toughness of the blends were not affected by changing the vitamin E content in the matrix. Stabilizing UHMWPE with higher vitamin E content may extend the service life of UHMWPE implants. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1860-1867, 2018.
Computer extracted features of nuclear architecture in H&E sections to predict disease recurrence in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. (2017)

e17536 Background: Most patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are cured of their disease but 10-20% will develop recurrence. Identifying high risk patients is key to tailoring therapy and reducing treatment-related morbidity. In this study, we present initial findings using computerized analysis of local nuclear architecture from digitized H&amp;E tissue sections of OPSCC via a new algorithm called cell run-length features (CRF) to distinguish patients with more versus less aggressive disease. Methods: H&amp;E stained tissue microarray sections of 160 primary p16+ OPSCC were digitally scanned. Our CRF analysis involved 1) nuclei segmentation, 2) creation of local cell cluster graphs based on proximity of nuclei, and 3) computing CRF for each cell cluster graph. The CRF reflects the total number of different ways/runs that the graph vertices can be traversed. A higher CRF reflects more complex nuclear spatial architecture, while a lower CRF reflects the converse. A series of CRF features relating to statistics of the graph runs across the image are then extracted,. The top 5 predictive features were identified via Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test and then evaluated in conjunction with a binary quadratic classifier via 5-fold cross validation. Results: The top ranked features were related to CRF non-uniformity (i.e. reflecting the variation of complexity of different nuclei clusters) and the classifier yielded a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 in discriminating patients who did and did not have disease progression. Patients with high risk CRF values were 5.7 times more likely to suffer disease recurrence than those without. While the whole cohort had a disease recurrence rate of 12.5%, those with low CRF values developed recurrence in only 1.875%. Conclusions: CRF features demonstrate a strong association with disease recurrence in patients with p16 positive OPSCC. Our preliminary findings suggest that measurements related to local arrangement of nuclei have potential in the risk assessment of patients with p16 positive OPSCC. The findings will need to be independently validated in a separate, powered cohort of patients.
Functional heterogeneity of rat hepatocytes: predominance of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in perivenular zone. (1988)

To elucidate the hepatic intralobular distribution of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity biochemically, periportal (PP) and perivenular hepatocytes (PV) from male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter after labeling the PP zone with fluorescein diacetate and the perivenular zone with fluorescein isothiocyanate. AHH activity was higher in PV than in PP. The enzyme activity was induced about 6-fold in hepatocytes of rats pretreated with 3-methyl-cholanthrene, and the induction was more prominent in PP than in PV. Neither phenobarbital pretreatment nor altered lipid content of the diet induced the change in the enzyme activity.
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Monomorphic Adenomas (1988)

The diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration of salivary gland lesions is now widely accepted. The cytologic appearance of two rare monomorphic variants of pleomorphic adenomas is described. The trabecular-tubular adenoma consisted of a trabecular arrangement of uniform small cells with scant basophilic cytoplasm and round nuclei. No mucoid spheres were present. The canalicular adenoma also had a distinctive cytologic appearance consisting of papillae and interconnected canaliculi lined by a layer of columnar epithelium. Monomorphic adenomas have unique morphologic appearances that can be recognized in fine-needle aspiration cytology. Preoperative diagnosis can greatly aid the surgeon in the planning of definitive surgical excision of salivary gland neoplasms.
Detection of Plasmodium vivax in a child returning from India by use of broad-range PCR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2012)

Plasmodium vivax is a common cause of imported malaria in the USA, second only to P. falciparum. We present a case of P. vivax malaria in a child returning from India. P. vivax was initially diagnosed by standard methodology and detected retrospectively by use of broad-range PCR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a panel of primers designed to detect vector-borne pathogens. This is the first reported case of P. vivax detection using PCR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Position Location for Futuristic Cellular Communications: 5G and Beyond (2021)

With vast mmWave spectrum and narrow beam antenna technology, precise position location is now possible in 5G and future mobile communication systems. In this article, we describe how centimeter-level localization accuracy can be achieved, particularly through the use of map-based techniques. We show how data fusion of parallel information streams, machine learning, and cooperative localization techniques further improve positioning accuracy.
Effect of material inhomogeneity on fracture modes in aluminium–steel resistance spot welds (2020)

Abstract Resistance spot welding (RSW) is attractive for joining dissimilar materials, especially, aluminium to steel in automotive body. The direct joining of aluminium to steel forms an intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at their interface that dominates mechanical behaviour of the joint. A new formula was developed that considers material inhomogeneities such as the different mechanical properties in the weld such as base metal, heat affected zone (HAZ) and the weld nugget to accurately calculate the minimum weld nugget diameter required to enable pull‐out fracture. The shear strengths of weld regions such as the HAZ and IMC were directly measured and used as inputs to this new formula. The new formula was validated using experimental measurements from six combinations of aluminium–steel welds in comparison with analogous aluminium–aluminium welds. The new derivation was able to accurately predict fracture modes for all material combinations.
ENDOR Studies of l-Arginine and NG-Hydroxy-l-Arginine Bound to All Three Holo-Nitric Oxide Synthase Isozymes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.ENDOR Studies of l-Arginine and NG-Hydroxy-l-Arginine Bound to All Three Holo-Nitric Oxide Synthase IsozymesDavid L. Tierney, Hui Huang, Pavel Martásek, Linda J. Roman, Richard B. Silverman, Bettie Sue Siler Masters, and Brian M. HoffmanView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 22, 5405–5406Publication Date (Web):May 19, 2000Publication History Received14 October 1999Revised31 March 2000Published online19 May 2000Published inissue 1 June 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja993685fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja993685frapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Bioinorganic chemistry,Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy,Mathematical methods,Nitrogen,Surface interactions Get e-Alerts
Somatostatin Attenuates the Hyperdynamic Circulatory State in the Gastric Mucosa of Rats with Portal Hypertension (1995)

The significant reductions of gastric mucosal ISO2 and IHB by somatostatin support the hypothesis that somatostatin is capable of attenuating the hyperdynamic circulatory state in the gastric mucosa of rats with portal hypertension and may have a beneficial effect on portal hypertensive gastropathy. This hypothesis deserves to be evaluated in clinical studies.
Multirate and composite control of two-time-scale discrete-time systems (1984)

The design of stabilizing feedback control of singularly perturbed diserete-time systems is decomposed into the design of slow and fast controllers which are combined to form the composite control. Composite control strategies are developed for the case of single rate measurements (all variables are measured at the same rate) as well as for the case of multirate measurements (slow variables are measured at a rate slower than that of fast variables).
Current-Mode Digital Control Method for High Frequency DC-DC Converter with Reduced Number of Sampling in One Switching Cycle (2018)

In recent years, switching frequency of Switched-Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) has been getting higher and digital control circuits are adopted for the purpose of downsizing and weight reduction. In addition, current-mode control has attracted attention because of its advantages: high speed response and high stability. However, it is difficult to realize current-mode control with digital control circuit that needs to grasp current behavior in real time because sampling frequency is not enough high for switching frequency. In this paper, we will propose a novel current-mode digital control method that predict current behavior with output voltage and previous current sampling data of SMPS and prove its effectiveness in simulation.