gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multigate GaN RF Switches With Capacitively Coupled Contacts (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We present the analysis and the performance characteristics of novel III-Nitride multigate (MG) radio-frequency (RF) switches fabricated over AlGaN/GaN heterostructures using capacitively coupled contacts <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$(\hbox{C}^{3})$</tex></formula>. <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$ \hbox{C}^{3}$</tex></formula> device technology does not require contact annealing and, thus, allows for fully self-aligned processing of MG devices with tight electrode spacing. The combination of <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{C}^{3}$</tex></formula> electrodes with MG RF switch design results in devices with significantly lower <emphasis emphasistype="smcaps">OFF</emphasis>-state capacitance, higher isolation, and higher RF switching power as compared to conventional FET-based RF switches. </para>
Structural Design Optimization with Economic Uncertainty: An Application to Interactions between Designers, Airlines, and Regulators (2014)

International audience
PTEN 2, a Golgi-associated Testis-specific Homologue of the PTEN Tumor Suppressor Lipid Phosphatase (2001)

The tumor suppressor PTEN is a phosphatidylinositol phospholipid phosphatase, which indirectly down-regulates the activity of the protein kinase B/Akt survival kinases. Examination of sequence data bases revealed the existence of a highly conserved homologue of PTEN. This homologue, termed PTEN 2, contained an extended amino-terminal domain having four potential transmembrane motifs, a lipid phosphatase domain, and a potential lipid-binding C2 domain. Transcript analysis demonstrated that PTEN 2 is expressed only in testis and specifically in secondary spermatocytes. In contrast to PTEN, PTEN 2 was localized to the Golgi apparatus via the amino-terminal membrane-spanning regions. Molecular modeling suggested that PTEN 2 is a phospholipid phosphatase with potential specificity for the phosphate at the 3 position of inositol phosphates. Enzymatic analysis of PTEN 2 revealed substrate specificity that is similar to PTEN, with a preference for the dephosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3,5-phosphate phospholipid, a known mediator of vesicular trafficking. Together, these data suggest that PTEN 2 is a Golgi-localized, testis-specific phospholipid phosphatase, which may contribute to the terminal stages of spermatocyte differentiation.
Planning Toronto: The Planners, The Plans, Their Legacies (2018)

" Planning Toronto: The Planners, The Plans, Their Legacies ." Canadian Historical Review, 99(4), pp. 669–670
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) for Companion Diagnostics (CDx) and Precision Medicine (2019)

The tremendous advances in genetic studies owe a great deal to the completion of human genome project in 2003 and the availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS). Illumina has the biggest NGS market share worldwide. Since Illumina acquired Solexa in 2007, Illumina has led NGS research and applications. Illumina has released many different types of platforms, from a small scale sequencer to a highest throughput sequencer. The first commercialized NGS system shown on the market was 454 pyrosequencing in 2005. For this system, dNTPs are added to the template-bound bead in a PicoTiterPlate. When each dNTP is incorporated into a newly synthesized DNA strand, a pyrophosphate molecule is produced and reacted with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase, leading to a change of adenosine phosphosulfate into ATP. The covered ATP with luciferase changes luciferin into light and oxyluciferin. The chapter discusses several different NGS or third-generation sequencing platforms and sample preparation methods.
Dictionary Learning-Based Sparse Channel Representation and Estimation for FDD Massive MIMO Systems (2018)

This paper addresses the problem of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channel estimation in frequency-division duplexing (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. By utilizing the sparse recovery and compressive sensing algorithms, we are able to improve the accuracy of the UL/DL channel estimation and reduce the number of UL/DL pilot symbols. Such successful channel estimation builds upon the assumption that the channel can be sparsely represented under some basis/dictionary. Previous works model the channel using some predefined basis/dictionary; while in this paper, we present a dictionary learning-based channel model such that a dictionary is learned from comprehensively collected channel measurements. The learned dictionary adapts specifically to the cell characteristics and promotes a more efficient and robust channel representation, which in turn improves the performance of the channel estimation. Furthermore, we extend the dictionary learning-based channel model into a joint UL/DL learning framework by observing the reciprocity of the angle of arrival/angle of departure between the UL/DL transmissions and propose a joint channel estimation algorithm that combines the UL and DL received training signals to obtain a more accurate channel estimate. In other words, the DL training overhead, which is a bottleneck in FDD massive MIMO system, can be reduced by utilizing the information from simpler UL training.
Unconscious transmission of human feelings (2006)

This paper was focused on the next generation of ubiquitous services by using ubiquitous networks and devices. This paper was especially focused on the transmission services of feelings to others. In the paper, some conventional transmission services of feelings were introduced and a few of the unconscious transmission services of feelings to both specific targets and multiple targets were pointed out. The paper proposed two examples of the new services that would enable the users to transmit their feelings unconsciously to others by using ubiquitous networks and devices. These services were proposed through the PRESPE (participatory requirements elicitation using scenarios and photo essays) approach and called respectively the "aura transmission system" and "back scratcher system". The "aura transmission system" was an example for unconscious transmission of human feelings to multiple targets in a public space. The "back scratcher system" was an example for unconscious transmission of human feelings to specific targets in private. Further discussion about the usefulness and possible negative influences on human nature or society by the new services was done, and the future research efforts of these services were described in this paper
Effects of long alkyl substituents on the photochromism of spiro[indoline-2,3'-naphth[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine. (1989)

種々のアルキル基を有するスピロオキサジンを合成し, その溶液中, バルク薄膜状態におけるホトクロミズムを調べた。いずれの状態においてもアルキル基が大きくなるにともない熱的平衡が着色種側に移ることがわかった。また, 溶媒中では熱消色反応は一次で進行し, 室温下ではアルキル基が大きくなるほど熱消色反応速度が低くなる傾向がみられた。一方, バルク状態での熱消色反応は測定温度と系の Tg の関係によって挙動が変化し, Tg 以上では一次反応に近いが Tg 以下では一次反応式にしたがわなかった。
Map-and-Conquer: Energy-Efficient Mapping of Dynamic Neural Nets onto Heterogeneous MPSoCs (2023)

Heterogeneous MPSoCs comprise diverse processing units of varying compute capabilities. To date, the mapping strategies of neural networks (NNs) onto such systems are yet to exploit the full potential of processing parallelism, made possible through both the intrinsic NNs' structure and underlying hardware composition. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to effectively map NNs onto heterogeneous MPSoCs in a manner that enables them to leverage the underlying processing concurrency. Specifically, our approach identifies an optimal partitioning scheme of the NN along its `width' dimension, which facilitates deployment of concurrent NN blocks onto different hardware computing units. Additionally, our approach contributes a novel scheme to deploy partitioned NNs onto the MPSoC as dynamic multi-exit networks for additional performance gains. Our experiments on a standard MPSoC platform have yielded dynamic mapping configurations that are 2.1x more energy-efficient than the GPU-only mapping while incurring 1.7x less latency than DLA-only mapping.
Movie S3 from Cytoplasmic Localization of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Inhibitors May Confer Advantages for Targeted Cancer Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;LNCaP Glu-urea-Lys-HBED-STAR RED holographic&lt;/p&gt;
A web-based system for individualised survival estimation in breast cancer (2003)

A web-based system for individualised survival estimation in breast cancerClinicians want prognostic tools that not only aid prognostic classification, but also give quantitative probabilities of survival. 1We describe a way of generating survival estimates that uses existing survival data and generates survival curves online dynamically.
Figure S6 from Impaired Death Receptor Signaling in Leukemia Causes Antigen-Independent Resistance by Inducing CAR T-cell Dysfunction (2023)

&lt;p&gt;GSEA of transcriptomic and epigenomic sequencing of CART19 cells exposed to either WT or BIDKO Nalm6.&lt;/p&gt;
Spectrum agile radios: utilization and sensing architectures (2005)

Today, the largest and most desirable portion of the radio spectrum is allocated to licensed services, which has resulted in the well-known profound scarcity of this resource for emerging applications. With the rapid growth of wireless technologies, current spectrum scarcity has become a serious problem as more and more wireless applications compete for very little spectrum. On the other hand, the licensed spectrum allocated to applications such as television, cellular telephony and public safety show very little usage over time at different geographical locations. This has, therefore, seriously impaired the evolution of newer technologies because of current regulatory constraints on the operation in licensed spectrum, such as TV bands, and is being addressed by FCC through recent rule makings. With the goal of ubiquitous communication in mind, we look into spectrum agile radios as a new technology enabled by such emerging regulatory rulings and study its advantages over conventional radios. Initially, we provide a simple mathematical modeling to understand the utilization that is achievable by spectrum agile radios. Next, we investigate several issues related to spectrum sensing, as it is one of the key pillars to realize spectrum agile radios. Through sensing, the spectrum agile radio identifies the so-called "white-spaces" in the spectrum and then decides whether to occupy those white spaces opportunistically to transmit data. We also discuss the concept of interference temperature introduced by the FCC, and propose a spectrum-aware sensor network as a way to address it Finally, we extend this spectrum-aware sensor networks to introduce a new sensing architecture to identify and locate white spaces in the spectrum
The Beňes equations for the distribution of excursions for general storage processes (1994)

In this paper we obtain the Beňes equation for the evolution of the probability distribution of the excursion process associated with the level crossings of a general storage process. We then show that under stationarity and ergodicity assumptions on the process we can recover the well-known rate conservation law (RCL). Using the stationary solution we then show that the existence of an invariant solution can be studied in terms of an operator equation and we show how this characterization leads to a very simple explicit computation of the stationary distribution.
Migration of Retinal Cells through a Perforated Membrane: Implications for a High-Resolution Prosthesis (2004)

Retinal neurons migrate within a few days into perforations (> 5 microm in diameter) of a membrane placed into the subretinal space. This may provide a means of gaining close proximity between electrodes in a retinal prosthetic chip and target cells, and thus allow a greater density of stimulating elements to subserve higher resolution. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term stability of the retinal migration.
Induction of apoptosis and enhancement of chemosensitivity in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells using bispecific antisense oligonucleotide targeting Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL genes (2006)

These findings support the concept of the targeted suppression of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic family members using multitarget inhibition strategies for prostate cancer, through the effective induction of apoptosis.
Spectroscopic Analysis of Ligand Binding to Lanthanide−Macrocycle Platforms (2008)

A high-affinity, binary Eu(3+) receptor site consisting of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,7-diacetate (DO2A) was constructed with the goal of improving the detection of dipicolinic acid (DPA), a major component of bacterial spores. Ternary Eu(DO2A)(DPA)(-) complex solutions (1.0 microM crystallographically characterized TBA x Eu(DO2A)(DPA)) were titrated with EuCl3 (1.0 nM-1.0 mM); increased Eu(3+) concentration resulted in a shift in equilibrium population from Eu(DO2A)(DPA)(-) to Eu(DO2A)(+) and Eu(DPA)(+), which was monitored via the ligand field sensitive (5)D0 --> (7)F3 transition (lambda(em) = 670-700 nm) using luminescence spectroscopy. A best fit of luminescence intensity titration data to a two-state thermodynamic model yielded the competition equilibrium constant (Kc), which in conjunction with independent measurement of the Eu(DPA)(+) formation constant (Ka) allowed calculation of the ternary complex formation constant (Ka'). With this binding affinity by competition (BAC) assay, we determined that Ka' = 10(8.21) M(-1), which is approximately 1 order of magnitude greater than the formation of Eu(DPA)(+). In general, the BAC assay can be employed to determine ligand binding constants of systems where the lanthanide platform (usually a binary complex) is stable and the ligand bound versus unbound states can be spectroscopically distinguished.
[Purification and characterization of chloroplast carbonate dehydratase from leaves of Lactuca sativa (author's transl)]. (1975)

Two isoenzymes of carbonate dehydratase were identified in green leaf tissue of Lactuca sativa. Their molecular weights were found to be 195 000 and 250 000. The lighter isoenzyme (I) was further characterized. It is localized in the chloroplast fraction. With polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of dodecyl sulphate, subunits with a molecular weight of 34 000 and higher aggregates of this size could be detected. This is interpreted as an indication of an hexameric enzyme structure. The 900-fold purified polymer contained 5 - 6 atoms of zinc. Amino acid composition and inhibition by acetazolamide (Diamox), cyanide, nitrate, azide and ferricyanide are described.
Multidentate functionalized lubricant for ultralow head/disk spacing in a disk drive (2006)

As areal density in disk drive technology is marching towards the Tbit∕in.2 mark, the slider-to-disk spacing will be required to be within only a few nanometers. Coupled with very high slider velocities (&amp;gt;40m∕s), this leads to extremely high shear stresses on the nanometer-thin lubricant film at the disk surface. As a result, the lubricant film tends to exhibit local redistribution on a micrometer lateral level, decreasing the overall clearance and impacting the integrity of the interface. This paper describes a different approach to functionalized lubricant, where in addition to functional groups placed at the end of the chain, additional attachment moieties are introduced within the main polymer chain. The benefits of this approach is twofold: it increases adhesive interaction with the disk surface, therefore increasing the effective surface viscosity, while at the same time “tying” down the free backbone length for increased clearance. Fabrication, characterization, and performance data obtained on actual magnetic disks will be described.
SolOpt: A Novel Approach to Solar Rooftop Optimization (2011)

Traditionally Photovoltaic Technology (PV) and Solar Hot Water Technology (SHW) have been designed with separate design tools, making it difficult to determine the appropriate mix of PV and SHW. A new tool developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory changes how the analysis is conducted through an integrated approach based on the life cycle cost effectiveness of each system. With 10 inputs someone with only basic knowledge of the building can simulate energy production from PV and SHW, and predict the optimal sizes of the systems. The user can select from four optimization criteria currently available: Greenhouse Gas Reduction, Net-Present Value, Renewable Energy Production, and Discounted Payback Period. SolOpt provides unique analysis capabilities that aren't currently available in any other software programs. Validation results with industry accepted tools for both SHW and PV are presented.
Quick and smooth speed servo system considering acceleration torque and THD for AC servo motor (2009)

This paper proposes a quick and smooth speed servo system considering acceleration torque and total harmonic distortion (THD) for AC servo motor, which realizes both a quick speed response in transient state and a small value of THD in steady state. The proposed system has a new space voltage vector modulation (SVM) inverter, which is the mixed voltage limitation method of SVM. The proposed method achieves the fine performance in the experimental results of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPM motor).
Complexity Reduction of Volterra Nonlinear Equalization for Optical Short-Reach IM/DD Systems (2020)

We investigate approaches to reduce the computational complexity of Volterra nonlinear equalizers (VNLEs) for short-reach optical transmission systems using intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). In this contribution we focus on a structural reduction of the number of kernels, i.e. we define rules to decide which terms need to be implemented and which can be neglected before the kernels are calculated. This static complexity reduction is to be distinguished from other approaches like pruning or L1 regularization, that are applied after the adaptation of the full Volterra equalizer e.g. by thresholding. We investigate the impact of the complexity reduction on 90 GBd PAM6 IM/DD experimental data acquired in a back-to-back setup as well as in case of transmission over 1 km SSMF. First, we show, that the third-order VNLE terms have a significant impact on the overall performance of the system and that a high number of coefficients is necessary for optimal performance. Afterwards, we show that restrictions, for example on the tap spacing among samples participating in the same kernel, can lead to an improved tradeoff between performance and complexity compared to a full third-order VNLE. We show an example, in which the number of third-order kernels is halved without any appreciable performance degradation.
Error Behavior Comparison of Multiple Computing Systems: A Case Study Using Linux on Pentium, Solaris on SPARC, and AIX on POWER (2008)

This paper presents an approach to conducting experimental studies for the characterization and comparison of the error behavior in different computing systems. The proposed approach is applied to characterize and compare the error behavior of three commercial systems (Linux 2.6 on Pentium 4, Solaris 10 on UltraSPARC IIIi, and AIX 5.3 on POWER 5) under hardware transient faults. The data is obtained by conducting extensive fault injection into kernel code, kernel stack, and system registers with the NFTAPE framework while running the Apache Web server as a workload. The error behavior comparison shows that the Linux system has the highest average crash latency, the Solaris system has the highest hang rate, and the AIX system has the lowest error sensitivity and the least amount of crashes in the more severe categories.
The Congruence Subgroup Problem for Automorphism Groups (2021)

In its classical setting, the Congruence Subgroup Problem (CSP) asks whether every finite index subgroup of $GL_{n}(\mathbb{Z})$ contains a principal congruence subgroup of the form \[ \ker(GL_{n}(\mathbb{Z})\to GL_{n}(\mathbb{Z}/m\mathbb{Z})) \] for some $m\in\mathbb{Z}$. It was known already in the 19th century that for $n=2$ the answer is negative, and actually $GL_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$ has many finite index subgroups which do not come from congruence considerations. On the other hand, quite surprisingly, it was proved in the sixties by Mennicke and by Bass-Lazard-Serre that for $n\geq 3$ the answer to the CSP is affirmative. This breakthrough led to a rich theory of the CSP for general arithmetic groups. $$ $$ Viewing $GL_{n}(\mathbb{Z})\cong Aut(\mathbb{Z}^{n})$ as the automorphism group of $\Gamma=\mathbb{Z}^{n}$, one can generalize the CSP to automorphism groups as follows: Let $\Gamma$ be a finitely generated group; does every finite index subgroup of $Aut(\Gamma)$ contain a principal congruence subgroup of the form \[ \ker(Aut(\Gamma)\rightarrow Aut(\Gamma/M)) \] for some finite index characteristic subgroup $M\leq\Gamma$ Considering this generalization, there are very few results when $\Gamma$ is non-abelian. For example, only in 2001 Asada proved, using concepts from Algebraic Geometry, that $Aut(F_{2})$ has an affirmative answer to the CSP, when $F_{2}$ is the free group on two generators. For $Aut(F_{n})$ when $n\geq 3$ the problem is still unsettled. $$ $$ In the talk I will give a survey of some recent results regarding the case where $\Gamma$ is non-abelian. We will see that when $\Gamma$ is a nilpotent group the CSP for $Aut(\Gamma)$ is completely determined by the CSP for arithmetic groups. We will also see that when $\Gamma$ is a finitely generated free metabelian group the picture changes and we have a dichotomy between $n=2,3$ and $n\geq 4$.
Effect of experimental resin cements containing thio-urethane oligomers on the durability of ceramic-composite bonded interfaces (2019)

Thio-urethane oligomers improve conversion and mechanical properties of resin cements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of resin cements formulated with thio-urethane (TU) oligomers on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of ceramics to composites subjected to thermal/mechanical cycling. <b>Methods:</b> BisGMA/UDMA/TEGDMA (50/30/20 wt%) containg 0 (control, EC) or 20 wt% aliphatic or aromatic thiourethane (HDDI and BDI, respectively) were mixed with CQ/amine (0.2/0.8 wt%) and 25 wt% 0.7um Ba glass. Rely X Ultimate (RU-3M ESPE) was used as the commercial control. The cements were sandwiched between ceramic (IPS e.max Press) and resin composite blocks (Filtek Supreme, 3 M-ESPE). Eight bonded blocks were produced per experimental group. Prior to bonding, ceramic surfaces were etched (20 s - 10% HF) and silanized. Composite surfaces were treated with Single Bond Universal (3 M ESPE). Specimens were stored for 24 h in distilled water at 37 °C, and then either tested immediately, or subjected to thermal (10,000, 5 °C and 55 °C) or mechanical cycling (300,000 cycles). Sticks (1 mm<sup>2</sup>, average of 25 sticks per block) were cut and tested for µTBS (1.0 mm/min). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA/Tukey's test (<i>α</i> = 5%). Fracture surfaces were analyzed to determine failure modes. <b>Results:</b> The µTBS for HDDI and RU was significantly higher than BDI and EC cements. BDI led to significantly higher µTBS than EC after 24 h, Tc and Mf. µTBS decreased significantly after thermal/mechanical cycling for all groups. Failure modes were predominantly adhesive or mixed. <b>Significance:</b> The use of selected thio-urethane oligomers was able to increase the µTBS of composite-cement-ceramic specimens. Tc and Mf reduced µTBS for all resins cements.