gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable Dimensionality of Pinning Centers From Silver-Ion Irradiation of REBCO Coated Conductors (2023)

Heavy-ion irradiation of solids produces damage tracks with radii typically of the order of 1 nm, depending on the ion species and energy. In cuprate superconductors this is close to the coherence length, which makes these defects highly effective flux pinning centers. Varying the ion-beam energy allows tuning of the dimensionality of the defects created, with higher-energy ions tending to produce columnar tracks and lower-energy ions tending to produce point-like defects. Starting with consistent production-standard REBCO tape from American Superconductor we have explored the energy-dependence of silver-ion irradiation and characterized the irradiated samples with angle-dependent transport critical current measurements. Using silver ions with energies in the range 50 MeV to 150 MeV and fluence of 4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> ions/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> we have been able to tune the irradiation-induced damage from point-like defects to columnar tracks, manifesting in changes to the pinning landscape ranging from isotropic critical current enhancement to the production of strong peaks in the angle dependence of critical current.
Effects of ligand substituents on excited-state reactivity and overall photoredox behavior for (polypyridyl)ruthenium(II) complexes. Laser flash study with potential reductive quenchers (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of ligand substituents on excited-state reactivity and overall photoredox behavior for (polypyridyl)ruthenium(II) complexes. Laser flash study with potential reductive quenchersKeith Monserrat, Thomas K. Foreman, Michael Graetzel, and David G. WhittenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 22, 6667–6672Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00412a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00412a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Fabrication of the ASTRO-E hard-x-ray detector</title> (1999)

The Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) is one of the three instruments on the fifth Japanese cosmic X-ray satellite ASTRO-E, scheduled for launch in January 2000. The HXD covers a wide energy range of 10-600 keV, using 16 identical GSO/BGO phoswich-counter modules, of which the low-energy efficiency is greatly improved by adding 2 m-thick silicon PIN diodes. Production of the HXD has been completed and pre-flight calibration is now in progress. The design concept of the HXD sensor, detail of the production process, and a brief summary of the measured performance is reported.
Hyperinsulinemia is highly associated with markers of hepatocytic senescence in two independent cohorts (2022)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cellular senescence is an essentially irreversible growth arrest that occurs in response to various cellular stressors and may contribute to development of type 2 diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Here, we investigated whether chronically elevated insulin levels are associated with cellular senescence in the human liver.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 107 individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, hepatic senescence markers were assessed by immunohistochemistry as well as transcriptomics. A subset of 180 participants from the ongoing Finnish Kuopio OBesity Surgery (KOBS) study was used as validation cohort.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We found plasma insulin to be highly associated with various markers of cellular senescence in liver tissue. The liver transcriptome of individuals with high insulin revealed significant upregulation of several genes associated with senescence: &lt;em&gt;p21, TGFβ, PI3K, HLA-G, IL8, p38, Ras,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;E2F&lt;/em&gt;. Insulin associated with hepatic senescence independently of NAFLD and plasma glucose. By using transcriptomic data from the KOBS study, we could validate the association of insulin with p21 in the liver.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Our results support a potential role for hyperinsulinemia in induction of cellular senescence in the liver. These findings suggest possible benefits of lowering insulin levels in obese individuals with insulin resistance.&lt;/p&gt;
Wiring of Redox Enzymes on Three Dimensional Self-Assembled Molecular Scaffold (2011)

The integration of biological molecules and nanoscale components provides a fertile basis for the construction of hybrid materials of synergic properties and functions. Stable protein 1 (SP1), a highly stable ring shaped protein, was recently used to display different functional domains, to bind nanoparticles (NPs), and to spontaneously form two and three-dimensional structures. Here we show an approach to wire redox enzymes on this self-assembled protein-nanoparticle hybrid. Those hybrids are genetically engineered SP1s, displaying glucose oxidase (GOx) enzymes tethered to the protein inner pore. Moreover, the Au-NP-protein hybrids self-assembled to multiple enzymatic layers on the surface. By wiring the redox enzymes to the electrode, we present an active structure for the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose. This system demonstrates for the first time a three-dimensional assembly of multiple catalytic modules on a protein scaffold with an efficient electrical wiring of the enzyme units on an electrode surface, thus implementing a hybrid electrically active unit for nanobioelectronic applications.
Unifying Design Strategies in Demosponge and Hexactinellid Skeletal Systems (2010)

Biological systems are well known for their ability to construct remarkably complex and mechanically robust skeletal structures from a great diversity of minerals. One such example, silica, is widely used in the synthesis of skeletal elements (spicules) within the phylum Porifera (the sponges). As a result, members of this diverse group have served as useful model systems for analysis of the dynamic processes of biosilicification and for investigating structure function relationships in their often hierarchically ordered skeletal systems. This article describes in detail the skeletal diversity within the two silica-forming sponge classes, the Demospongiae and the Hexactinellida, and through the use of several representative examples, discusses the mechanical consequences of the various modes of construction implemented as well as the potential evolutionary pressures that resulted in their observed structural complexity.
Tungsten Benzylidyne Complexes (2014)

This chapter describes representative synthetic procedures for W(CPh)Cl3(DME) and W(CPh)(dppe)2Cl (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) ethane), which are more convenient and higher yielding than previously reported procedures for these types of complexes. All experiments are performed under nitrogen atmosphere using standard Schlenk and glove box techniques. The chapter discusses the procedures and properties of trichloro(1,2-dimethoxyethane) benzylidynetungsten(IV) and chloro(bis(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane)) benzylidynetungsten(IV).
Incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving upadacitinib: a pooled analysis of six phase III clinical trials (2022)

In the UPA phase III RA clinical programme, HZ incidence and event rates were higher with UPA versus ADA + MTX or MTX monotherapy, and higher with the 30 mg versus 15 mg dose. Patients from Asia and those with a history of HZ may be at increased risk of HZ while receiving UPA.
Toxicité potentielle des sédiments marins et estuariens contaminés : évaluation chimique et biologique, biodisponibilité des contaminants sédimentaires (2001)

Marine and estuarine sediments concentrate various pollutants. Thus, they can constitute a risk of contamination for aquatic organisms, and cause a public health problem. The potential toxicity of various sediments was studied by different bioassays and by assessing the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and metals they contained. Among the various stages of development investigated in oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and in sea urchins, Paracentrotus lividus, oyster embryos and larvae proved to be the most sensitive and useful tool for the evaluation of sediment effects on benthic organisms (whole sediment treatment ; embryotoxicity test) as well as on pelagic species (elutriate treatment; embryotoxicity and larval growth tests). Environmental assessments should be conducted with fresh sediments. Bioavailability of PAHs and metals from sedimentary origin were assessed by studying contaminant bioaccumulation and metallothionein induction (in the case of sediments with metal contamination) in C. gigas and mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae. These tools were found to be more sensitive and giving precocious responses, than simple bioassays, to assess the biological responses towards contaminants. Furthermore they make possible to correlate pollution effects at molecular (metallothionein), cellular (bioaccumulation), individual (larval abnormalities and larval growth) and population levels (since contaminant effects on the reproductive stages impede the population dynamics of species). These investigations have led us to the propose of a procedure for the evaluation of sediment quality in biomonitoring studies. The sensitivity and advantage of oyster embryos and larvae in marine ecotoxicology were confirmed, by their use in situ bioassays.
Efficiency enlargement of surface acoustic wave elastic convolver by emphasising nonlinear piezoelectric effect (1993)

The newly discovered effect concerning the enhancement of the nonlinear piezoelectricity of PZT ceramics by applying a bias electric field to the substrate has enabled more than 20 dB efficiency enlargement in a SAW elastic convolver.
Structured max-margin learning for multi-label image annotation (2010)

In this paper, a structured max-margin learning scheme is developed to achieve more effective training of a large number of inter-related classifiers for multi-label image annotation. First, a visual concept network is constructed to characterize the inter-concept visual similarity contexts more precisely and determine the inter-related learning tasks automatically. Second, multiple base kernels are combined to achieve more precise characterization of the diverse visual similarity contexts between the images and address the issue of huge intra-concept visual diversity more effectively. Third, a structured max-margin learning algorithm is developed by incorporating the visual concept network, max-margin Markov networks and multi-task learning to address the issue of huge inter-concept visual similarity more effectively. Our structured max-margin learning algorithm can leverage the inter-concept visual similarity contexts to learn a large number of inter-related classifiers simultaneously and improve their discrimination power significantly. Our experiments have also obtained very positive results.
Ultra-High Bandwidth GaN-Based Class-D Power Amplifier for Testing of Three-Phase Mains Interfaces of Renewable Energy Systems (2019)

AC power amplifiers are e.g. used to emulate the power grid for testing three-phase power electronics mains interfaces of renewable energy systems or measuring the inner impedance of power distribution grids. Typically, the output stages of the test systems are realized as analog amplifiers and thus achieve very high dynamics and a very high signal quality, but also have significant drawbacks, especially high losses and/or poor efficiencies, which leads to a large cooling volume and weight that dominates the full system power density. In addition, analog amplifiers cannot easily handle bidirectional power flow, i.e., power fed back from active loads such as renewable energy inverter systems is dissipated internally. Furthermore, future power distribution systems, e.g., of More Electric Aircraft, will have fundamental frequencies exceeding 1 kHz, thus ultra-high bandwidth (> 100 kHz) power amplifiers with multiple kW output power are required to emulate harmonic distortions and variations of voltage and/or frequency in such power grids. Currently available analog power amplifiers reach bandwidths of up to 30 kHz, which is too low for all desired applications. Switched-mode, i.e., class-D power amplifiers achieve a high efficiency, however, bandwidths of no more than 5 kHz are reached today due to the high required switching frequency (around a factor of 50 higher than the output bandwidth). However, as shown in this paper, novel wide bandgap semiconductor technology and suitable circuit techniques such as series interleaving (multi-level converter topologies) and parallel interleaving render a switched-mode realization with an effective switching frequency of 4.8 MHz and/or 100 kHz large signal bandwidth possible, while still keeping the switching losses at a moderate level. An analysis of designs with different numbers of voltage levels and interleaved branches is performed and shows that with a triple-interleaved three-level flying capacitor converter, where each switching cell operates at 800 kHz, the targeted effective switching frequency is reached and an efficiency above 95 % is feasible for both directions of power flow. Furthermore, a virtual prototype of the selected design is presented, showing that thanks to the high effective switching frequency, an extremely power-dense overall realization is possible (50 kW/dm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ). Finally, simulations of the control behavior verify excellent control dynamics of the presented concept.
Magnetic properties of colossal magnetoresistive manganese oxides (1996)

The effects of isovalent substitution into the lanthanide sites in La1−xYxCa0.30MnO3−δ oxides is presented. We report on the electrical and magnetic properties of these materials for x=0–0.25. We have found that the ferromagnetic ordering temperature decreases and the cusp of the resistivity occurring at this temperature increases when the smaller lanthanide Y is introduced into the lattice. We will provide evidence that a key signature of the magnetic properties of these oxides is the presence of an unusual long tail in the magnetization versus temperature curves M(T), extending up to 3TM and which is very sensitive to the applied magnetic field and becomes increasingly important with the concentration of Y in the lattice. These features signal a strong polarizability of the spin clouds in these materials as our Mössbauer experiments will clearly demonstrate. Finally, we will show that the magnetoresistance of these compounds can be well-described in terms of a spin-disorder scattering mechanism.
Accelerating Bayesian Inference on Structured Graphs Using Parallel Gibbs Sampling (2019)

Bayesian models and inference is a class of machine learning that is useful for solving problems where the amount of data is scarce and prior knowledge about the application allows you to draw better conclusions. However, Bayesian models often requires computing high-dimensional integrals and finding the posterior distribution can be intractable. One of the most commonly used approximate methods for Bayesian inference is Gibbs sampling, which is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to estimate target stationary distribution. The idea in Gibbs sampling is to generate posterior samples by iterating through each of the variables to sample from its conditional given all the other variables fixed. While Gibbs sampling is a popular method for probabilistic graphical models such as Markov Random Field (MRF), the plain algorithm is slow as it goes through each of the variables sequentially. In this work, we describe a binary label MRF Gibbs sampling inference architecture and extend it to 64-label version capable of running multiple perceptual applications, such as sound source separation and stereo matching. The described accelerator employs a chromatic scheduling of variables to parallelize all the conditionally independent variables to 257 samplers, implemented on the FPGA portion of a CPU-FPGA SoC. For real-time streaming sound source separation task, we show the hybrid CPU-FPGA implementation is 230x faster than a commercial mobile processor, while maintaining a recommended latency under 50 ms. The 64-label version showed 137x and 679x speedups for binary label MRF Gibbs sampling inference and 64 labels, respectively.
Ground fault protection for MV bus connected generators (2009)

In contrast with utility generators, the generators found in industrial facilities often form an integral part of the plant grounding system. This creates particular issues related to the provision of effective protection of these machines for ground faults. This paper reviews current grounding practices within industrial plants. It discusses the generator ground fault phenomenon and the resulting damage. Several configurations of directly connecting multiple generators at the medium voltage level are described, methods for ground fault protection are discussed and typical application examples are reviewed.
Clinical Pharmacology and Resistance to Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors (1999)

It has been almost 50 years since aminopterin, the first drug capable of inducing complete remissions in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), was first tested (1). Methotrexate (MTX), also an antifolate inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), soon after replaced aminopterin in the clinic and is used widely not only for the treatment of various forms of cancer, such as lymphoma, germ-cell tumors, breast cancer, and head and neck cancer but also for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and for the prevention of graft-vs-host disease (2). Al-though dramatic responses and even cures are observed in some malignancies with MTX treatment alone or in combination, in the majority of tumors, intrinsic resistance limits effectiveness. In malignancies that are initially sensitive to therapy, e.g., ALL, acquired resistance may develop, contributing to treatment failure and relapse (3).
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon—Carbon Bond Formations Involving Organochromium(III) Reagents (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mechanical Control of the Optical Bandgap in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals (2022)

Over the last several years, two-photon polymerization has been a popular fabrication approach for photonic crystals due to its high spatial resolution. One-dimensional photonic crystals with photonic bandgap reflectivities over 90% have been demonstrated for the infrared spectral range. With the success of these structures, methods which can provide tunability of the photonic bandgap are being explored. In this study, we demonstrate the use of mechanical flexures in the design of one-dimensional photonic crystals fabricated by two-photon polymerization for the first time. Experimental results show that these photonic crystals provide active mechanically induced spectral control of the photonic bandgap. An analysis of the mechanical behavior of the photonic crystal is presented and elastic behavior is observed. These results suggest that one-dimensional photonic crystals with mechanical flexures can successfully function as opto-mechanical structures.
Theoretical Confirmation of the Enhanced Facility to Increase Oxygen Vacancy Concentration in TiO2by Iron Doping (2010)

The effect of Fe-doping on the oxygen vacancy energy formation and on the electronic structure of stoichiometric bulk and (001) surface of TiO2 anatase has been studied by means of periodic density functional calculations within the GGA+U approach. The vacancy energy formation is always lower for the surface than for the bulk. The presence of Fe causes only a minor perturbation of the atomic structure of anatase but strongly reduces the oxygen vacancy energy formation, especially at the surface. The present results provide additional and independent support to the claim that the enhanced catalytic activity of Au nanoparticles supported on Fe-doped TiO2 toward CO oxidation has its origin in the ease to create oxygen vacancies in the support.
Subscription and Redemption Prediction in Mutual Funds Using Machine Learning Techniques (2018)

There are various factors that derive mutual funds' flow. Among them, factors related to investment patterns and behaviors of the investors are highly informative. It is very beneficial for a fund manager to know who are the most probable investors that are going to subscribe to or redeem from a particular fund in near future. In addition, extracting the important underlying factors involved in this process helps fund managers to plan for optimizing their fund's performance. Our experiments on historic transaction data of about 400 mutual funds show that we can extract most informative patterns and use them to predict mutual funds' flow with relatively high accuracy. In addition, the proposed investors' ranking method gives a curated list for running more effective targeted campaign.