gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Presentation on Assistive Technologies for the Seating and Mobility Needs of Persons with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (1995)

Persons with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) are often protected and sheltered because of the fragile nature of their bones. Regardless of the degree of OI. over protecting a person with OI can be just as devastating as fractured bones. It is important that persons with OI are given the opportunity to participate in a wide variety of activities to develop the experiential, physical, and sociological dimensions of their lives. Assistive technology can help to make this participation a reality. Assistive technology should help protect the person from fractures, provide support to assist with postural alignment, and stability so that function and comfort can be enhanced. Technologies such as contoured foam mattresses, seating supports, temperature regulation technologies, orthotic supports, walking and wheelchair mobility devices can enhance the quality of live of people with OI.
Antimicrobial Properties of MX-2401, an Expanded-Spectrum Lipopeptide Active in the Presence of Lung Surfactant (2011)

MX-2401 is an expanded-spectrum lipopeptide antibiotic selective for Gram-positive bacteria that is a semisynthetic analog of the naturally occurring lipopeptide amphomycin. It was active against Enterococcus spp., including vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus (VSE), vanA-, vanB-, and vanC-positive vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), linezolid- and quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant isolates (MIC(90) of 4 μg/ml), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (MIC(90) of 2 μg/ml), coagulase-negative staphylococci, including methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis (MSSE) and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) (MIC(90) of 2 μg/ml), and Streptococcus spp. including viridans group streptococci, and penicillin-resistant, penicillin-sensitive, penicillin-intermediate and macrolide-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC(90) of 2 μg/ml). MX-2401 demonstrated a dose-dependent postantibiotic effect varying from 1.5 to 2.4 h. Furthermore, MX-2401 was rapidly bactericidal at 4 times the MIC against S. aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, with more than 99.9% reduction in viable bacterial attained at 4 and 24 h, respectively. The MICs of MX-2401 against MRSA, MSSA, VSE, and VRE strains serially exposed for 15 passages to sub- to supra-MICs of MX-2401 remained within three dilutions of the original MIC. In contrast to that of the lipopeptide daptomycin, the antibacterial activity of MX-2401 was not affected in vitro by the presence of lung surfactant, and MX-2401 was active in vivo in the bronchial-alveolar pneumonia mouse model, in which daptomycin failed to show any activity. Moreover, the activity of MX-2401 was not as strongly dependent on the Ca(2+) concentration as is the activity of daptomycin. In conclusion, MX-2401 is a promising new-generation lipopeptide for the treatment of serious infections with Gram-positive bacteria, including hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Structure-Activity Relationships of Agonist and Antagonist Ligands (1994)

The biological activity of substance P (SP) C-terminal partial sequences has been previously reported (Bury and Mashford, 1976). The minimum sequence that maintains significant biological activity in the isolated guinea pig ileum is the pentapeptide, SP7–11. This concept has been recently confirmed by binding experiments to cloned rat NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells (Cascieri et al., 1992). C-terminal partial sequences of SP, neurokinin A (NKA), and neurokinin B (NKB) have also been tested on monoreceptorial prepa-rations selective for each of the three tachykinin receptor types (Dion et al., 1987b). The results obtained with SP and its fragments on the isolated dog carotid artery clearly indicate that, at the NK1 receptor, SP is more potent than its fragments, although these fragments maintain full agonist activity. Since some of the C-terminal fragments of NKA are more active than NKA itself at the NK2 receptor (see Section 2.1.1.), the activity of the fragments has been used as a second criterion for the classification of the tachykinin receptors, in addition to the rank order of potency of natural ligands (Regoli et al., 1987). Thus, the three tachykinin receptor types are defined as follows:
Supplementary Figure 8 from A Preclinical Trial and Molecularly Annotated Patient Cohort Identify Predictive Biomarkers in Homologous Recombination–deficient Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 8 shows the principal component analysis followed by k-means clustering to group xenografts based on their sensitivity to cisplatin, talazoparib and cisplatin-talazoparib&lt;/p&gt;
End Capping Does Matter: Enhanced Order and Charge Transport in Conjugated Donor–Acceptor Polymers (2015)

Optimized microstructure through control of both intra- and intermolecular interactions in organic semiconductors is critical for enhancing and optimizing charge transport for the realization of next-generation low-cost, mechanically flexible, and easy to process high performance, organic field effect transistors (OFETs). Herein, we report donor–acceptor alternating copolymers of dithienogermole (DTG) with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) and probe the importance of end groups on the control of molecular order and microstructure as it relates to the enhancement of charge carrier transport. Partial end-capping reactions, confirmed by 1H NMR and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analyses, on the DTG–BTD copolymer provided significant improvement in grazing incidence wide angle X-Ray scattering (GIWAXS) determined polymer ordering in thin films. Consequently, OFETs exhibited charge-carrier mobilities up to 0.60 cm2/(Vs) for the end-capped copolymer, which are an order of magnitude higher in comparison to the non-end-capped analogue, which displayed a mobility of 0.077 cm2/(Vs). We emphasize that a simple synthetic approach, the introduction of end-capping groups which remove reactive functionalities, can be effective in the development of next-generation OFET and solar materials by promising better control of the polymer organization.
Divergent Synthesis of Monosubstituted and Unsymmetrical 3,6‐Disubstituted Tetrazines from Carboxylic Ester Precursors (2020)

Since tetrazines are important tools to the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, there is a need for new approaches to synthesize unsymmetrical and 3-monosubstituted tetrazines. Described here is a general, one-pot method for converting (3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl carboxylic esters into 3-thiomethyltetrazines. These versatile intermediates were applied to the synthesis of unsymmetrical tetrazines through Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling and in the first catalytic thioether reduction to access monosubstituted tetrazines. This method enables the development of new tetrazine compounds possessing a favorable combination of kinetics, small size, and hydrophilicity. It was applied to a broad range of aliphatic and aromatic ester precursors and to the synthesis of heterocycles including BODIPY fluorophores and biotin. In addition, a series of tetrazine probes for monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) were synthesized and the most reactive one was applied to the labeling of endogenous MAGL in live cells.
A Small Molecule Screen Identifies Novel Inhibitors of the Neuronal K‐Cl cotransporter KCC2 (2009)

KCC2, a neuronal‐specific K‐Cl cotransporter plays a major role in maintaining intracellular Cl − concentration in neurons below its electrochemical equilibrium potential, thus favoring robust GABA hyperpolarizing or inhibitory responses. The pharmacology of the K‐Cl cotransporter is dominated by the loop diuretics furosemide and bumetanide. These molecules are used in clinical medicine as they inhibit the loop of Henle Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter with much higher affinity. In order to identify novel molecules that affect KCC2 activity, we developed a fluorescent‐based assay suitable for high throughput screening (HTS) and used the assay to screen a library of 234,000 small molecules. We identified a large number of molecules that either decrease or increase the activity of the cotransporter. We characterized a small number of inhibitory compounds, some of which inhibit KCC2 activity in the micromolar or sub‐micromolar range, without substantially affecting NKCC1 activity. We synthesized a number of chemical variants, tested their effect on KCC2 function, and provide a first analysis of structure/activity relationship. We also used one of the compounds to demonstrate competitive inhibition in regard to external [K + ], and non‐competitive inhibition in respect to external [Cl − ].
Engineering a suite of E. coli strains for enhanced expression of bacterial polysaccharides and glycoconjugate vaccines (2022)

Amongst the 11 modified strains generated in this study, E. coli Falcon, Peregrine and Sparrowhawk all showed increased production of S. pneumoniae serotype 4 capsule. Eagle (a strain without enterobacterial common antigen, containing a GalNAc epimerase and PglB expressed from the chromosome) and Sparrowhawk (a strain without enterobacterial common antigen, O-antigen ligase and chain length determinant, containing a GalNAc epimerase and chain length regulators from Streptococcus pneumoniae) respectively produced an AcrA-SP4 conjugate with 4 × and 14 × more glycan than that produced in the base strain, W3110. Beyond their application to the production of pneumococcal vaccine candidates, the bank of 11 new strains will be an invaluable resource for the glycoengineering community.
Separable Wiener filter based adaptive in-loop filter for video coding (2010)

Recent investigations have shown that a non-separable Wiener filter, that is applied inside the motion-compensation loop, can improve the coding efficiency of hybrid video coding designs. In this paper, we study the application of separable Wiener filters. Our design includes the possibility to adaptively choose between the application of the vertical, horizontal, or combined filter. The simulation results verify that a separable in-loop Wiener filter is capable of providing virtually the same increase in coding efficiency as a non-separable Wiener filter, but at a significantly reduced decoder complexity.
Effect of Inclination on Pool Boiling of FC-72 Dielectric Liquid on Porous Graphite (2005)

Saturation pool boiling experiments of FC-72 liquid on a flat, porous graphite and smooth copper surfaces measuring 10 × 10 mm investigated the effect of surface orientation on nucleate boiling and Critical Heat Flux (CHF). The inclination angle of the surface increased from 0° (upward-facing) to 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180° (downward facing). Results demonstrated significant increases in the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient and CHF on porous graphite, compared to those on copper. At low surface superheats, increasing the inclination angle increases the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient, which decreases with increased inclination angle at high surface superheats. These results and the measured decreases of CHF with increased inclination angle are consistent with those reported earlier by other investigators for dielectric and non-dielectric liquids. On smooth surfaces and micro-porous coatings, the reported fractional decreases in CHF with increased inclination angle are almost identical, but markedly larger than those measured in this work on porous graphite. On these surfaces the reported CHF in the downward-facing position (180° inclination) is ∼10–20% of that in the upward-facing position (0° inclination), compared to ∼53.3% on porous graphite. The CHF values of FC-72 liquid on porous graphite, which also decreased with increased inclination angle, are correlated using the general form suggested by Kutatelatze (1961) to within ± 5% of the experimental data.
<title>Analysis of eyepoint locations and accuracy of rendered depth in binocular head-mounted displays</title> (1999)

Accuracy of rendered depth in virtual environments includes the correct specification of the eyepoints from which a stereoscopic pair of images is rendered. Rendered depth errors should be minimized for any virtual environment. It is however critical if perception is the object of study in such environments, or augmented reality environments are created where virtual objects must be registered with their real counterparts. Based on fundamental optical principles, the center of the entrance pupil is the eyepoint location that minimizes rendered depth errors over the entire field of view if eyetracking is enable. Because binocular head mounted displays (HMDs) have typically no eyetracking capability, the change in eyepoints location associate with eye vergence in HMDs is not accounted for. To predict the types and the magnitude of rendered depth errors that thus result, we conducted a theoretical investigation of rendered depth errors linked to natural eye movements in virtual environments for three possible eyepoints locations: the center of the entrance pupil, the nodal point, and the center of rotation of the eye. Results show that, while the center of rotation yields minimal rendered depth errors at the gaze point, it also yields rendered angular errors around the gaze point, not previously reported.
Ionized impurity induced photocarrier generation in organic energy conversion systems (1982)

Due to the high density of impurities, Schottky barriers in organic semiconductors usually have quite thin depletion regions, of the order of a few hundred angstroms. For typical built in potentials of few tenths of a volt, the average field in the barrier is of the order of 10 V/μm. In this paper, the influence of the localized nature of the ionized impurities on field dependent carrier generation will be investigated. Assuming the existence of exciton diffusion, it will be shown that carrier generation due to a strong local field of ionized impurities can far exceed the generation efficiency predicted on the basis of the average electric field in the barrier. The concept of exciton drift currents will be introduced, which will lead to a unique light collection mechanism by exciton funnelling to the ionized impurities, thus increasing further the probability of photocarrier generation. Experimental evidence will be presented which indicates that the ionized impurity induced carrier generation is the dominant mechanism of carrier production in x-metal-free phthalocyanine photovoltaic cells. The analogy between the proposed mechanism and photosynthesis will be discussed. It will be suggested that the assumption of a charged ’’special pair’’ could naturally explain the low probability for the back reaction in the chain of primary photosynthetic events.
Acousto-optic photonic crossbar switch Part I: design (1996)

We present the design of a 12 × 12 photonic crossbar interconnection network constructed using a single three-dimensional acousto-optic crystal. Previous crossbars based on bulk acousto-optic cells require multichannel deflectors with one deflector per optical input; in contrast the design presented here angularly multiplexes these independent deflectors into a single-transducer acousto-optic device. A Fourier-optics analysis of an acoustically lossy Bragg deflector is coupled to a momentum-space analysis that permits the derivation of complete design equations for the switch. As a concrete example, the complete design of a 12 × 12 crossbar is presented. Finally, a coupled-mode analysis of the first- and second-order diffractions in the angularly multiplexed Bragg cell reveals the fundamental efficiency bounds of the switching network.
Calcium transport of Plasmodium chabaudi-infected erythrocytes. (1982)

The calcium content and transport processes of Plasmodium chabaudi-infected rat erythrocytes were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and 45Ca2+ flux measurements. Infected erythrocytes, after fractionation on metrizamide gradients according to stage of parasite development, exhibited progressively increasing levels of Ca2+ with schizont and gametocytes containing 10- to 20-fold greater calcium levels than normal cells (0.54 +/- 0.25 nmol/10(8) cells). 45Ca2+ flux experiments showed both increased influx and decreased efflux in infected erythrocytes. Tris/NH4Cl lysis of normal erythrocytes preloaded with 45Ca2+ with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 released less than 90% of cell calcium after incubation in ethyleneglycol bis(aminoethylether) N,N'-tetraacetic acid containing buffer, whereas lysis of the infected erythrocyte membrane resulted in release of 10-20% cell Ca2+, with the remaining portion associated with the isolated parasite fraction. This information together with the effects of various metabolic inhibitors indicates the presence of a parasite Ca2+ compartment in P. chabaudi-infected erythrocytes. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) an inhibitor of proton ATPases of chloroplasts, bacteria, yeast, and mitochondria, and the proton ionophore, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), inhibited Ca2+ influx and stimulated efflux from infected cells. These results combined with evidence for a DCCD- and CCCP-sensitive membrane potential in P. chabaudi-infected cells (Mikkelsen et al., accompanying manuscript) suggest that Ca2+ transport of intraerythrocytic parasites is coupled to a proton-motive force across the Plasmodia plasma membrane.
Metadata Query Protocol (2020)

This document defines a simple protocol for retrieving metadata about
named entities, or named collections of entities. The goal of the
protocol is to profile various aspects of HTTP to allow requesters to
rely on certain, rigorously defined, behaviour. This document is a
product of the Research and Education Federations (REFEDS) Working
Group process.
Analog test design with I/sub DD/ measurements for the detection of parametric and catastrophic faults (1998)

Earlier approaches dealt with the detection of catastrophic faults based on I/sub DD/ monitoring. Consideration of the more subtle parametric faults and the ADC quantization noise, however, is essential for high-quality analog testing. The paper presents a new design method for analog test of parametric and catastrophic faults by I/sub DD/ monitoring. ADC quantization noise is systematically considered throughout the method. Results prove its effectiveness.
A Chemical Approach to Optimizing Bioactive Glass Dental Composites (2018)

The chemical microenvironment surrounding dental composites plays a crucial role in controlling the bacteria grown on these specialized surfaces. In this study, we report a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)-based analytic technique to design and optimize metal ion-releasing bioactive glass (BAG) composites, which showed a significant reduction in biofilm growth. SECM allows positioning of the probe without touching the substrate while mapping the chemical parameters in 3-dimensional space above the substrate. Using SECM and a solid-state H<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> ion-selective microprobe, we determined that the local Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration released by different composites was 10 to 224 µM for a BAG particle size of <5 to 150 µm in the presence of artificial saliva at pH 4.5. The local pH was constant above the composites in the same saliva solution. The released amount of Ca<sup>2+</sup> was determined to be maximal for particles <38 µm and a BAG volume fraction of 0.32. This optimized BAG-resin composite also showed significant inhibition of biofilm growth (24 ± 5 µm) in comparison with resin-only composites (53 ± 6 µm) after Streptococcus mutans bacteria were grown for 3 d in a basal medium mucin solution. Biofilm morphology and its subsequent volume, as determined by the SECM imaging technique, was (0.59 ± 0.38) × 10<sup>7</sup> µm<sup>3</sup> for BAG-resin composites and (1.29 ± 0.53) × 10<sup>7</sup> µm<sup>3</sup> for resin-only composites. This study thus lays the foundation for a new analytic technique for designing dental composites that are based on the chemical microenvironment created by biomaterials to which bacteria have been exposed.
Metal ion controlled syntheses of novel five-coordinate zinc and cadmium complexes containing a helical coordination geometry and their template reaction to form complexes of a pentadentate macrocyclic ligand (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal ion controlled syntheses of novel five-coordinate zinc and cadmium complexes containing a helical coordination geometry and their template reaction to form complexes of a pentadentate macrocyclic ligandL. F. Lindoy and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 10, 2494–2498Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50140a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50140a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Performance in Epitaxial Graphene FETs With Optimized Channel Morphology (2011)

This letter reports the impact of surface morphology on the carrier transport and radio-frequency performance of graphene FETs formed on epitaxial graphene synthesized on SiC substrates. Such graphene exhibits long terrace structures with widths between 3-5 μm and steps of 10 ± 2 nm in height. While a carrier mobility value above 3000 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s at a carrier density of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> cmx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is obtained in a single graphene terrace, the step edges can result in a step resistance of ~21 kΩ·μm. By orienting the transistor layout so that the entire channel lies within a single graphene terrace and by reducing the access resistance associated with the ungated part of the channel, a cutoff frequency above 200 GHz is achieved for graphene FETs with channel lengths of 210 nm, i.e., the highest value reported on epitaxial graphene thus far.