gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Undersøkelse for forekomst av Phytophthora langs Øvre Bøkeligate i Larvik 2020 (2020)

I Bøkeskogen i Larvik har Phytophthora blitt påvist i flere undersøkelser. I 2020 ble derfor en Phytophthora-inspeksjon gjennomført i skogkanten langs Øvre Bøkeligate i forkant av et utgravningsarbeid langs veien. Undersøkelsen ble gjort for å finne ut om jorda inneholdt smitte og dermed måtte håndteres med spesiell forsiktighet for å unngå mittespredning. Jord- og vevsprøver fra trær langs veien ble tatt ut og analysert for Phytophthora. Ingen Phytophthora-art ble påvist fra prøvene, men typiske Phytophthora-symptomer ble observert på ett bøketre.
Auranofin Rapidly Eradicates Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an Infected Pressure Ulcer Mouse Model (2020)

Pressure ulcers (PUs) frequently occur in individuals with limited mobility including patients that are hospitalized or obese. PUs are challenging to resolve when infected by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In this study, we investigated the potential of repurposing auranofin to treat pressure ulcers infected with MRSA. Auranofin's in vitro activity against strains of S. aureus (including MRSA) was not affected in the presence of higher bacterial inoculum (10<sup>7</sup> CFU/mL) or by lowering the pH in standard media to simulate the environment present on the surface of the skin. Additionally, S. aureus did not develop resistance to auranofin after repeated exposure for two weeks via a multi-step resistance selection experiment. In contrast, S. aureus resistance to mupirocin emerged rapidly. Moreover, auranofin exhibited a long postantibiotic effect (PAE) in vitro against three strains of S. aureus tested. Remarkably, topical auranofin completely eradicated MRSA (8-log<sub>10</sub> reduction) in infected PUs of obese mice after just four days of treatment. This was superior to both topical mupirocin (1.96-log<sub>10</sub> reduction) and oral clindamycin (1.24-log<sub>10</sub> reduction), which are used to treat infected PUs clinically. The present study highlights auranofin's potential to be investigated further as a treatment for mild-to-moderate PUs infected with S. aureus.
Luminescent polymers with discrete emitter units (1994)

Abstract Optical absorption and photo‐luminescence measurements were performed on a series of semiconducting polymers, based upon phenylene linkages, that have discrete emitter units. In these polymers, broken conjugation has been achieved in two ways: by introducing metalinkages between various numbers of para‐connected aromatic groups or by severe steric distortion of a fully conjugated main chain. In either case, electronic states are localized on relatively small units, resulting in a large (π, π * ) band gap. The band gap decreases with increasing emitter unit conjugation, as expected. Blue light emission was observed from these materials, with the peak emission wavelength red shifted (by greater than 1 eV on average) from the peak absorption. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
EVALUATION OF CO-GENERATION AND TRI-GENERATION SYSTEMS EMPLOYING RECIPROCATING AND GAS TURBINE ENGINES FOR POWER GENERATION (2008)

The present investigation is a trial to tackle the problem of energy rationalization inpower generation. It is believed that such target can be reached through employment oftri-generation system for combined heating, cooling and power production (CHCP). Thepower range selected for the present study is from few hundreds kilowatt to fivemegawatts electric demand. The present study investigates four arrangements to selectthe best solution to achieve the requirements of power, cooling load, and/or heatingload for various applications. These arrangements include tri-generation, cogenerationwith heating, cogeneration with cooling, and separate unit arrangement.A computer program was developed in the present investigation using Lab-Viewgraphical language. The developed computer code allows the selection of the mosteconomical power generating system to satisfy given requirements of electric, heatingand cooling loads. Moreover, the program model can determine the optimal strategiesthat minimize the overall cost of energy for the CHCP system.A comparison between the economics of each arrangement was conducted in terms oftotal cost saving ratio (TCSR). This comparison revealed a saving ranging from 15% to25% of the total cost of the separate units arrangement within five years by usingcogeneration or tri-generation arrangements. This saving is associated with theemployed energy rationalization technique, which is defined in terms of the primaryenergy saving ratio (PESR). Cogeneration and tri-generation arrangements proved tobe able to achieve primary energy saving ratios ranging from 25% to 30%.
Multivariate-Spline and Scale-Specific Solution for Variational Analyses (2004)

A recipe for a cubic B-spline-based solution for multivariate variational formulation of a data analysis and assimilation problem is provided. To represent a signal whose smallest wavelength is L, the spline scale must be at most L/2, or approximately the Nyquist wavelength. This spline scale defines the computational grid, which tends to be coarser than the typical grid required for finite-difference discretization and hence offers a significant advantage in computational efficiency. The geostrophy–thin-plate model is introduced and applied to a set of analysis problems to demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution technique.
NeuroChat with Research Assistant Professor Alison Axtman (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTNeuroChat with Research Assistant Professor Alison AxtmanCraig W. LindsleyCraig W. LindsleyMore by Craig W. Lindsleyhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445 and Alison D. AxtmanAlison D. AxtmanMore by Alison D. Axtmanhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9932Cite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2020, 11, 18, 2783–2785Publication Date (Web):September 16, 2020Publication History Published online16 September 2020Published inissue 16 September 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00548https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00548editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1297Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Nervous system diseases,Neuroscience,Peptides and proteins,Small molecules Get e-Alerts
In APCs, the Autologous Peptides Selected by the Diabetogenic I-Ag7 Molecule Are Unique and Determined by the Amino Acid Changes in the P9 Pocket (2002)

We demonstrate in this study the great degree of specificity in peptides selected by a class II MHC molecule during processing. In this specific case of the diabetogenic I-A(g7) molecule, the P9 pocket of I-A(g7) plays a critical role in determining the final outcome of epitope selection, a conclusion that is important in interpreting the role of this molecule in autoimmunity. Specifically, we examined the display of naturally processed peptides from APCs expressing either I-A(g7) molecules or a mutant I-A(g7) molecule in which the beta57Ser residue was changed to an Asp residue. Using mass spectrometry analysis, we identified over 50 naturally processed peptides selected by I-A(g7)-expressing APCs. Many peptides were selected as families with a core sequence and variable flanks. Peptides selected by I-A(g7) were unusually rich in the presence of acidic residues toward their C termini. Many peptides contained short sequences of two to three acidic residues. In binding analysis, we determined the core sequences of many peptides and the interaction of the acidic residues with the P9 pocket. However, different sets of peptides were isolated from APCs bearing a modified I-A(g7) molecule. These peptides did not favor acidic residues toward the carboxyl terminus.
Evaluation and Comparison of Mixed Effects Model Based Prognosis for Hard Failure (2013)

Failure prognosis plays an important role in effective condition-based maintenance. In this paper, we evaluate and compare the hard failure prediction accuracy of three types of prognostic methods that are based on mixed effect models: the degradation-signal based prognostic model with deterministic threshold (DSPM), with random threshold (RDSPM), and the joint prognostic model (JPM). In this work, the failure prediction performance is measured by the mean squared prediction error, and the power of prediction. We have analyzed characteristics of the three methods, and provided insights to the comparison results through both analytical study and extensive simulation. In addition, a case study using real data has been conducted to illustrate the comparison results as well.
Asterobactin, a New Siderophore Group Antibiotic from Nocardia asteroides (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Introducing Large Counteranions Enhances the Elastic Modulus of Imidazolium-Based Polymerized Ionic Liquids (2018)

Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) are believed to be ideal solid-state polymer electrolytes, and hence experimental and computational studies have been widely undertaken to understand the relationship between the chemical structure and mechanical/dielectric properties and the ionic conductivity of PILs. However, it is still a challenge to understand the effect of counterion ionic volume on the material properties of PILs. Herein, we demonstrate the effect of the ionic volume ratio of counteranions to side-chain cations on linear viscoelastic response using three imidazolium-based PILs with different counteranions. We show that the elastic modulus is significantly enhanced at temperatures higher than glass transition temperature once the ionic volume of the counteranion exceeds that of the side-chain cation. Our results provide an additional strategy to improve mechanical properties of PILs, while maintaining relatively high ionic conductivity.
Cardiac Sarcoidosis: When and How to Treat Inflammation (2021)

Sarcoidosis is a complex, multisystem inflammatory disease with a heterogeneous clinical spectrum. Approximately 25% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis will have cardiac involvement that portends a poorer outcome. The diagnosis, particularly of isolated cardiac sarcoidosis, can be challenging. A paucity of randomised data exist on who, when and how to treat myocardial inflammation in cardiac sarcoidosis. Despite this, corticosteroids continue to be the mainstay of therapy for the inflammatory phase, with an evolving role for steroid-sparing and biological agents. This review explores the immunopathogenesis of inflammation in sarcoidosis, current evidence-based treatment indications and commonly used immunosuppression agents. It explores a multidisciplinary treatment and monitoring approach to myocardial inflammation and outlines current gaps in our understanding of this condition, emerging research and future directions in this field.
Evaluation of short term-high intensity thermal degradation of graphite fiber reinforced laminates via ultrasonic spectroscopy (1999)

In certain fire situations, a structural or load-bearing polymer matrix composite (PMC) may be exposed to excessive thermal loads that degrade the matrix. In this paper, we report the results of a study to assess the utility of ultrasonic spectroscopy as a means of assessing the residual physical and mechanical characteristics of PMCs exposed to excessive thermal loads. We show that the measured power spectra of ultrasonic energy correlates with performance of graphite fiber epoxy matrix composites exposed to thermal degradation. Unidirectional composites were exposed to short term–high intensity thermal loads at one end of the specimen. Thus, inducing a thermal gradient along the length of the specimen. Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the aged specimens revealed a gradient in thermal degradation. The thermal loads induced substantial degradation of the composite. However, the amplitude of the power spectra is observed to increase gradually then sharply prior to its complete attenuation due to delaminations. Mode I fracture toughness tests correlate with the observed changes in the ultrasonic spectra. FTIR, TGA/DSC, fracture toughness, and ultrasonic spectral analysis all indicate the same critical temperature at which thermally induced damage sharply increased. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2601–2610, 1999
Limited Immunogenicity of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cartilages (2016)

Articular cartilage damage does not spontaneously heal and could ultimately result in a loss of joint function. Damaged cartilage can be repaired with cell/tissue sources that are transplanted, however, autologous chondrocytes are limited in number as a cell source. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a relatively new and abundant cell source and can be made from the patient, but at a considerable cost. Because cartilage is immunoprivileged tissue, allogeneic cartilages have been transplanted effectively without matching for human leukocyte antigen (HLA), but are difficult to acquire due to scarcity of donors. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity of human iPSC-derived cartilages (hiPS-Carts) in vitro to evaluate whether allogeneic hiPS-Carts can be a new cell/tissue source. The cells in hiPS-Carts expressed limited amounts of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (HLA-ABC) and MHC class II (HLA-DRDQDP). Treatment with interferon γ (IFNγ) induced the expression of MHC class I, but not MHC class II in hiPS-Carts. A mixed lymphocyte reaction assay showed that hiPS-Carts stimulated the proliferation of neither T cells nor the activation of NK cells. Furthermore, hiPS-Carts suppressed the proliferation of T cells stimulated with interleukin 2 and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Together with previously reported findings, these results suggest that hiPS-Carts are no more antigenic than human cartilage. Additionally, in combination with the fact that iPSCs are unlimitedly expandable and thus can supply unlimited amounts of iPS-Carts from even one iPSC line, they suggest that allogeneic hiPS-Carts are a candidate source for transplantation to treat articular cartilage damage.
Laulimalide and Synthetic Laulimalide Analogues Are Synergistic with Paclitaxel and 2-Methoxyestradiol (2006)

Some of the most significant therapeutic leads and agents used for the treatment of cancer target microtubule dynamics. Paclitaxel is an exceptional example that is currently used for treating a wide range of tumors. New, non-taxane microtubule stabilizers, including several epothilones, are advancing through clinical trials. Laulimalide is a potent microtubule stabilizer that binds to tubulin at a site that does not overlap the taxane-binding site. It is active against paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells. Notwithstanding its therapeutic potential, laulimalide is relatively unstable, rearranging to a more stable but less active isomer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of laulimalide and two designed laulimalide analogues, C16-C17-des-epoxy laulimalide (LA1) and C20-methoxy laulimalide (LA2), to inhibit cell proliferation in combination with other tubulin-binding and non-tubulin-binding antiproliferative antimitotic agents. The synthetic laulimalide analogues retain the mechanism of action of the natural compound but do not share its instability. We studied the ability of the laulimalides to act synergistically with paclitaxel, 2-methoxyestradiol, and monastrol, an Eg5 kinesin inhibitor. The results show that all three of the laulimalides acted synergistically with paclitaxel and 2-methoxyestradiol to inhibit proliferation with the analogues exhibiting significantly larger synergistic effects. The combination of laulimalide and monastrol was not synergistic and provided only additive effects. The laulimalide analogues LA1 and LA2 had a greater degree of synergy with both paclitaxel and 2-methoxyestradiol than was observed with laulimalide. Our results show that the laulimalides together with other tubulin-binding antimitotic agents provide synergistic antiproliferative actions. The data are consistent with the previously reported ability of laulimalide and paclitaxel to act synergistically to polymerize tubulin in vitro. These important findings suggest that specific combinations of microtubule-targeting agents should be considered for clinical utilities as they have excellent potential to improve clinical response.
Histopathological Diagnosis of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasms: Interobserver Agreement (2005)

We conclude that the new definitions of PanIN and IPMN improve the consistency in classifying these lesions, but additional work is needed to further improve the reproducibility of their classification.
Dorsal agenesis of the pancreas – a rare cause of abdominal pain and insulin-dependent diabetes (2011)

Dorsal agenesis of the pancreas is a rare congenital disorder. We report a case of a 65-year-old man with mild abdominal pain and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a short pancreas with no pancreatic tissue ventral to the splenic vein. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) visualized the absence of a dorsal duct system and confirmed the suspicion of complete agenesis of the dorsal pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was also performed to rule out pancreatic malignancy.
Bit allocation for MPEG-4 video coding with spatio-temporal tradeoffs (2003)

This paper describes rate-control algorithms that consider the tradeoff between coded quality and temporal rate. We target improved coding efficiency for both frame-based and object-based video coding. We propose models that estimate the rate-distortion characteristics for coded frames and objects, as well as skipped frames and objects. Based on the proposed models, we propose three types of rate-control algorithms. The first is for frame-based coding, in which the distortion of coded frames is balanced with the distortion incurred by frame skipping. The second algorithm applies to object-based coding, where the temporal rate of all objects is constrained to be the same, but the bit allocation is performed at the object level. The third algorithm also targets object-based coding, but in contrast to the second algorithm, the temporal rates of each object may vary. The algorithm also takes into account the composition problem, which may cause holes in the reconstructed frame when objects are encoded at different temporal rates. We propose a solution to this problem that is based on first detecting changes in the shape boundaries over time at the encoder, then employing a hole detection and recovery algorithm at the decoder. Overall, the proposed algorithms are able to achieve the target bit rate, effectively code frames and objects with different temporal rates, and maintain a stable buffer level.
Adaptive filtering for non-Gaussian processes (2002)

A new stochastic gradient robust filtering method, based on a non-linear amplitude transformation, is proposed. The method requires no a priori knowledge of the characteristics of the input signals and it is insensitive to the signals distribution and to the stationarity of the signals. A simulation study, applying both synthetic and real-world signals, shows that the proposed method has overall better robustness performance, in terms of modeling error, compared with state-of-the-art robust filtering methods. A remarkable property of the proposed method is that it can handle double-talk in the acoustical echo-cancellation problem.
Prion protein quantification in human cerebrospinal fluid as a tool for prion disease drug development (2019)

Reduction of native prion protein (PrP) levels in the brain is an attractive strategy for the treatment or prevention of human prion disease. Clinical development of any PrP-reducing therapeutic will require an appropriate pharmacodynamic biomarker: a practical and robust method for quantifying PrP, and reliably demonstrating its reduction in the central nervous system (CNS) of a living patient. Here we evaluate the potential of ELISA-based quantification of human PrP in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serve as a biomarker for PrP-reducing therapeutics. We show that CSF PrP is highly sensitive to plastic adsorption during handling and storage, but its loss can be minimized by the addition of detergent. We find that blood contamination does not affect CSF PrP levels, and that CSF PrP and hemoglobin are uncorrelated, together suggesting that CSF PrP is CNS derived, supporting its relevance for monitoring the tissue of interest and in keeping with high PrP abundance in brain relative to blood. In a cohort with controlled sample handling, CSF PrP exhibits good within-subject test-retest reliability (mean coefficient of variation, 13% in samples collected 8-11 wk apart), a sufficiently stable baseline to allow therapeutically meaningful reductions in brain PrP to be readily detected in CSF. Together, these findings supply a method for monitoring the effect of a PrP-reducing drug in the CNS, and will facilitate development of prion disease therapeutics with this mechanism of action.
Improved electrical characteristics of thin-film transistors fabricated on nitrogen implanted polysilicon films (2002)

In this work, we report the first study on thin-film transistors (TFT's) which were fabricated on nitrogen-implanted polysilicon thin films. Various nitrogen doses ranging from 2/spl times/10/sup 12/ to 2/spl times/10/sup 14/ ions/cm/sup 2/ were implanted into the active polysilicon films before the gate-oxide growth. It is found that the nitrogen implantation combined with the use of the H/sub 2/-plasma passivation significantly improved the electrical characteristics of the TFT's. It is believed that the passivation and donor effects of nitrogen were responsible for the improved characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>