gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heritability, genetics and association findings in anorexia nervosa. (2002)

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder, characterized by a combination of abnormal eating behavior and weight regulation with disturbances of attitudes toward body weight and shape. Prevalence is estimated at 1/1000, but with a high prevalence of the partial syndrome and a 10% mortality rate. This article reviews the findings concerning the heritability and the contributing genes of the disorder, with a focus on candidate genes. In family studies, a higher frequency of AN and BN was found among relatives of AN probands. The heritability rate was estimated at 0.71, similar to twin studies, which estimate 0.58-0.76. The search for genes responsible for the disorder focuses on the monoaminergic and peptidergic systems that are related to appetite and weight regulation. So far, for serotonin and dopamine there are no consistent findings in association studies of AN. However, in an Israeli study, an association was found between susceptibility for AN and the COMT gene, which is involved in monoamine metabolism. Another Israeli study found a relation between AN and the gene encoding for the potassium channel (hSKCa3), which is involved in regulation of neuronal activity. In the endocrine system an unequivocal finding was described of an association to the gene encoding the receptor for beta-estrogen. In the appetite and weight regulation system an association was described between AN and a marker of the uncoupling protein-2 and -3 chromosomal region, raising the likelihood that the mutation within the gene is close to a positive marker. To conclude, although there is a strong familial component in AN, so far the search for candidate genes has not been fruitful and further large scale prospective and adoption studies are needed to confirm genetic factors. We hope that relative studies using a wide genome scan, as well as subtyping the different types of AN, will bring us closer to understanding of the heritability of AN and enable the development of improved means of prevention and treatment.
Power Consumption Estimation of Biped Robot During Walking (2019)

This paper presents a power estimation platform, based on a multi-domain power consumption system including electrical, mechanical, and coupled electro-mechanical powers for the development of power efficient robots. The platform considers the mutual combination of the multi-physics subsystems, which enables to optimize the total robot-power efficiency. We focus on the joint interactions between electrical and mechanical domains (example: electro-mechanical interaction in a servo motor) and the resulting power loss. As an example, the power dissipation of a biped robot for a gait cycle is estimated. Thus platform usability for developing power efficient humanoid robots is demonstrated.
Am80‐ GCSF synergizes myeloid expansion and differentiation to generate functional neutrophils that reduce neutropenia‐associated infection and mortality (2016)

Neutrophils generated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) are functionally immature and, consequently, cannot effectively reduce infection and infection-related mortality in cancer chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CCIN). Am80, a retinoic acid (RA) agonist that enhances granulocytic differentiation by selectively activating transcription factor RA receptor alpha (RARα), alternatively promotes RA-target gene expression. We found that in normal and malignant primary human hematopoietic specimens, Am80-GCSF combination coordinated proliferation with differentiation to develop complement receptor-3 (CR3)-dependent neutrophil innate immunity, through altering transcription of RA-target genes RARβ<sub>2,</sub> C/EBPε, CD66, CD11b, and CD18 This led to generation of functional neutrophils capable of fighting infection, whereas neutralizing neutrophil innate immunity with anti-CD18 antibody abolished neutrophil bactericidal activities induced by Am80-GCSF Further, Am80-GCSF synergy was evaluated using six different dose-schedule-infection mouse CCIN models. The data demonstrated that during "emergency" granulopoiesis in CCIN mice undergoing transient systemic intravenous bacterial infection, Am80 effect on differentiating granulocytic precursors synergized with GCSF-dependent myeloid expansion, resulting in large amounts of functional neutrophils that reduced infection. Importantly, extensive survival tests covering a full cycle of mouse CCIN with perpetual systemic intravenous bacterial infection proved that without causing myeloid overexpansion, Am80-GCSF generated sufficient numbers of functional neutrophils that significantly reduced infection-related mortality in CCIN mice. These findings reveal a differential mechanism for generating functional neutrophils to reduce CCIN-associated infection and mortality, providing a rationale for future therapeutic approaches.
4E-Binding Protein 1, A Cell Signaling Hallmark in Breast Cancer that Correlates with Pathologic Grade and Prognosis (2007)

In this study, p-4EBP1 was the main factor in signaling pathways that associate with prognosis and grade of malignancy in breast tumors. Moreover, p-4EBP1 was detected in both HER2-positive and HER2-negative tumors. This factor seems to be a channeling point at which different upstream oncogenic alterations converge and transmit their proliferative signal, modulating protein translation.
Optical Biasing in Direct Detection Optical-OFDM for Improving Receiver Sensitivity (2010)

We show that replacing of electrical by an optical biasing minimizes the nonlinearity effect of an optical modulator. This allows the amplitude of the driving signal to be increased which increases the robustness towards distortion.
Evidence That Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Growth Hormone Are Required for Prostate Gland Development1 (1999)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been implicated as a factor that may predispose one to prostate cancer. However, no specific relationship between IGF-I and prostate development or cancer in vivo has been established. To determine whether IGF-I was important in prostate development, we examined prostate architecture in IGF-I(-/-) null mice and wild-type littermates. Glands from 44-day-old IGF-I-deficient animals were not only smaller than those from wild-type mice, but also had fewer terminal duct tips and branch points and deficits in tertiary and quaternary branching (P < 0.0001), indicating a specific impairment in gland structure. Administration of des(1-3)-IGF-I for 7 days partially reversed the deficit by increasing those parameters of prostate development (P < 0.006). That IGF-I production probably mediates an effect of GH in this process was indicated by the observations that GH antagonist transgenic mice also had significantly impaired prostate development (P < 0.0002) and that bovine GH had no independent effect on stimulating prostate development in IGF-I null animals. The data indicate that IGF-I deficiency is the proximate cause of impaired prostate development and give credence to the idea that, like testosterone, GH and IGF-I may be involved in prostate cancer growth as an extension of a normal process.
Abstract 19778: Reframing Clinical Neurorehabilitation in Individuals After Stroke Using a Big-Data Approach (2016)

Background and Objective: Advances in connected health delivery systems to provide communication rehabilitation have provided a unique opportunity to maximize intervention effectiveness while collecting large sets of data to facilitate clinical decision making. Such data can be vastly insightful to neurorehabilitation in general where the evidence for gains in chronic stroke patients is weak. Methods: Over a span of 18 months (2013-2014), data was anonymously aggregated and analyzed from over 2,500 patients with post-stroke aphasia. Data was collected using a mobile therapy platform, Constant Therapy. The program was used by patients in the clinic with clinicians, at home as homework, and independently if they were not currently receiving therapy. This program was administered in a uniform way across patients but also individualized for each patient and dynamically adapted to each patient’s progress. Patients who completed between 3 and 1000 treatment sessions of at least 15 items or more were analyzed in a case-mix adjusted way controlling for intensity of practice and initial severity to determine which tasks demonstrated statistically significant improvement. Results: Our analyses take into account the number of patients who completed a specific task and show a significant change (p-values at least Conclusion: These results show that all patients, including the most severe, can make progress in their rehabilitation. Analysis of large data sets can be used to inform neurorehabilitation by highlighting therapies that are effective by taking into account etiology and individual performance variability.
Effect of 1,6-dihydro-2[2-(2-methylpropoxy)anilino]-6-oxo-5-pyrimidineca rboxyli c acid on ethanol-induced microvascular injury in rats. (1996)

To disclose the cytoprotective mechanism of 1,6-dihydro-2[2-(2-methyoxypropoxy)anilino]-6-oxo-5-pyrimidinecarb oxylic acid (CAS 98772-05-5, MAR-99), the effect of this compound on the microvascular injury in gastric mucosa induced by 99.5% ethanol in rats was studied. In this experiment, it was found that the elevation of vascular permeability observed at the early state of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury was closely correlated with the combined action of histamine and slow reacting substance (leukotriene C4, LTC4). MAR-99 (0.3-10 mg/kg p.o.) prevented dose-dependently the increase in vascular permeability. Furthermore, MAR-99 (10 mg/kg p.o.) improved the decrease in the number of histamine containing cells and histamine content, and prevented the production of LTC4. These results suggest that MAR-99 exerts its anti-microvascular injury effect by regulating the release of histamine and the production of LTC4 in glandular stomach against ethanol, and this effect may contribute to the anti-lesion effect of this compound.
High-Resolution Refractive Index and Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Planar Waveguides in KGd(WO$_{4}$)$_{2}$ Formed by Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation (2009)

We report on the characterization of planar waveguides formed in the Raman-active crystal KGd(WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> using swift carbon, fluorine, and oxygen ion irradiation. The characterization of the waveguiding regions was performed using high-resolution microreflectivity and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The high-resolution microreflectivity measurement fully characterizes the refractive index profile of the barrier formed by amorphization of the crystal and detects other index variations not detected by the m-line technique. Raman spectroscopy measurements reveal details of the Raman properties of the crystal in the waveguiding region in relation to the rest of the sample for the different ion irradiations. Both of these measurement techniques are shown to be important for use of KGd(WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> in integrated Raman-active devices.
Cancer and Virus Leads by HTS, Chemical Design and SEA Data Mining (2009)

A variety of medicinal chemistry approaches can be used for the identification of hits, generation of leads and to accelerate the development of drug candidates. The Emory Chemical and Biology Discovery Center (ECBDC) has been an active participant in the NIH's high-throughput screening (HTS) endeavor to identify potent small molecule probes for poorly studied proteins. Several of Emory's projects relate to cancer or virus infection. We have chosen three successful examples including discovery of potent measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, development of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) blockers and identification of angiogenesis inhibitors using transgenic Zebrafish as a HTS model. In parallel with HTS, a unique component of the Emory virtual screening (VS) effort, namely, substructure enrichment analysis (SEA) program has been utilized in several cases.
SF-096-3 NY-ESO-1導入サルモネラ菌による癌ワクチンの開発 (2004)

The mechanisms of specific immunotherapy are not still established. Among the lot of immunological changes, induced by immunotherapy, the increase of specific IgG 1, and then of IgG 4 antibodies, during the first months is well demonstrated. The skin-tests, the histamine-release and the human basophil degranulation are significantly decreased after incubation of allergen with the serum of desensitized patients. This antigen neutralizing capacity (blocking antibodies) disappeared when IgG 4 were suppressed from the serum by the mean of activated columns linked either with allergen, or protein A or antihuman IgG4 antibodies. Conversely, the total amount of serum blocking activity was found using pure IgG 4. However, the role of IgG 4 antibodies remains a subject of controversy. Since a clear correlation has yet to be established with symptom scores.
Reaction of methyl diazoacetate with aldehydes, amines, thiols, alcohols and acids over transition metal-exchanged clays (1999)

Metal-exchanged clays (M = Rh and Cu) catalyze effectively the reaction of methyl diazoacetate with various aldehydes, affording the corresponding β-keto esters in high yields. They have also been effective in the decomposition of methyl diazoacetate to form metallocarbenes which, in turn, successfully insert into X–H (X = N, O, S, CO2) bonds of a variety of amines, aldehydes, thiols and acids, thereby producing the corresponding esters.
A Techno-Economic Assessment of Cylindrical Spiral-Wound Lithium Ion Batteries: Can the Huge Factories Achieve Their Cost Goals? (2016)

This talk will examine the techno-economics of Li-ion battery production with a focus on assessing the potential economies of scale that are purported for very large factories. A full front-to-back manufacturing model has been developed to address this question. The model is based on the Argonne BatPac tool that was originally created to describe the production of prismatic pouch configuration cells and has been extended to describe spiral-wound 18650 cells. Three different cathode chemistries have been considered: NCA, LMO, or NMC, and the costs of producing cells and packs at different volumes with different supply chain inputs are assessed. Further, an analysis on the impact of the market price of lithium-containing precursors on battery and back costing will be offered. Our findings suggest that there is an absolute minimum in production cost for this format of these cells and this minimum is higher than values commonly described in the media. We also suggest that the price of lithium has little impact on cell and pack costing on a per kWh basis. We will offer a complete accounting of our analysis and an assessment of what materials and manufacturing changes stand to have the largest cost impact when producing cells and packs at a massive scale.
Crystal Structure of a Trypanocidal 4,4′-Bis(imidazolinylamino)diphenylamine Bound to DNA, (2009)

The pursuit of small molecules that bind to DNA has led to the discovery of selective and potent antitrypanosomal agents, specifically 4,4'-bis(imidazolinylamino)- and 4,4'-bis(guanidino)diphenylamine compounds, CD27 and CD25, respectively. Although the antitrypanosomal properties of these compounds have been characterized, further development of this series of compounds requires assessment of their DNA site selectivities and affinities. Toward this end, both compounds have been analyzed and found to selectively bind AT sequences. However, CD27 was found to bind with higher affinity to 5'-AATT than 5'-ATAT while CD25 bound more weakly but equally well to either sequence. To detail the nature of its interactions with DNA, the crystal structure of CD27, bound to its preferred DNA-binding site 5'-AATT within a self-complementary oligonucleotide, 5'-d(CTTAATTCGAATTAAG), was determined at 1.75 A using a host-guest approach. Although CD27 is predicted to be highly twisted in its energy-minimized state, it adopts a more planar crescent shape when bound in the minor groove of the DNA. Interactions of CD27 with 5'-AATT include bifurcated hydrogen bonds, providing a basis for selectivity of this site, and favorable van der Waals interactions in a slightly widened minor groove. Thus, an induced fit results from conformational changes in both the ligand and the DNA. Our studies suggest a basis for understanding the mechanism of the antitrypanosomal activity of these symmetric diphenylamine compounds.
Sinewave parameter estimation using the fast Fan-Chirp Transform (2009)

Sinewave analysis/synthesis has long been an important tool for audio analysis, modification and synthesis. The recently introduced fan-chirp Transform (FChT) [2,3] has been shown to improve the fidelity of sinewave parameter estimates for a harmonic audio signal with rapid frequency modulation. A fast version of the FChT reduces computation but this algorithm presents two factors that affect sinewave parameter estimation. The phase of the fast FChT does not match the phase of the original continuous-time transform and this interferes with the estimation of sinewave phases. Also, the fast FChT requires an interpolation of the input signal and the choice of interpolator affects the speed of the transform and accuracy of the estimated sinewave parameters. In this paper we demonstrate how to modify the phase of the fast FChT such that it can be used to estimate sinewave phases, and we explore the use of various interpolators demonstrating the tradeoff between transform speed and sinewave parameter accuracy.
Applications of Parallelism by Task (2013)

This chapter explores some of the ways in which parallel processing can be used to break up tasks into sets of tasks. It emphasizes the use of parallel processing for serialized tasks (e.g., queue-based parallelism and pipelines) and for further parallelready tasks (recursively scalable task, scaled-correlation parallelism, and task-correlation parallelism). It is clear that parallelism can be applied to virtually any task. Where the task itself is able to be restructured into parallel operations, these subtasks can be scheduled in parallel. Where the task cannot be restructured for parallelism, the task itself is the primitive for parallel scheduling. Regardless, it is clear that if there are enough tasks in a population, assigning tasks to parallel processing pipelines is an efficient means of improving throughput. When a small set of tasks comprise the population, the restructuring and scheduling overhead may obviate the advantages of parallelism. Controlled Vocabulary Terms parallel processing; speech recognition; task analysis
Supplementary Figure legend from T-cell Landscape in a Primary Melanoma Predicts the Survival of Patients with Metastatic Disease after Their Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legend&lt;/p&gt;
Experimental Characterization and Mathematical Modeling of the Adsorption of Proteins and Cells on Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (2021)

Biomaterial development is a long process consisting of multiple stages of design and evaluation within the context of both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> testing. To streamline this process, mathematical and computational modeling displays potential as a tool for rapid biomaterial characterization, enabling the prediction of optimal physicochemical parameters. In this work, a Langmuir isotherm-based model was used to describe protein and cell adhesion on a biomimetic hydroxyapatite surface, both independently and in a one-way coupled system. The results indicated that increased protein surface coverage leads to improved cell adhesion and spread, with maximal protein coverage occurring within 48 h. In addition, the Langmuir model displayed a good fit with the experimental data. Overall, computational modeling is an exciting avenue that may lead to savings in terms of time and cost during the biomaterial development process.
Identification of a yeast artificial chromosome clone spanning a translocation breakpoint at 7q32.1 in a Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome patient. (1995)

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a mental retardation/multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. The gene(s) involved has not been mapped or cloned, but, recently, a biochemical abnormality in cholesterol biosynthesis has been shown to occur in most SLOS patients. The defect is suspected to occur in the penultimate step of the cholesterol pathway, involving the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, which has not been isolated. On the basis of the hypothesis that a de novo balanced translocation [t(7;20)(q32.1;q13.2)] in an SLOS patient directly interrupts the SLOS gene, positional cloning techniques are being employed to localize and identify the SLOS gene. We report the identification of a chromosome 7-specific YAC that spans the translocation breakpoint, as detected by FISH. This is the first study narrowing a candidate SLOS region and placing it on physical and genetic maps of the human genome.
Non destructive water-tree detection in XLPE cable insulation (2012)

Water treeing is one of the main forms of degradation of XLPE insulation used in medium-voltage and high-voltage cables when the insulation is exposed to water. Water trees gradually reduce the electrical breakdown strength of cables and are one of the main causes of failures of early designs of extruded medium-voltage cables after only five to fifteen years in service. As partial discharges are not involved in their growth, water trees have proven to be difficult to detect in cables in situ using non-destructive techniques. However, insulation containing water trees has lower insulation resistance and higher dielectric losses and the measurement of the resistance and these losses is being used to assess the condition of the insulation. The insulation resistance and dielectric loss are sensitive to the measurement technique and also to parameters such as temperature, voltage, frequency and the severity of the water treeing. There are presently several techniques available commercially. Electrical utilities presently have a choice of measurement techniques but generally lack the expertise to make informed decisions regarding which technique to use and, more importantly, how to interpret the data from such tests to assess the condition of their cable system. SC D1 identified the need for a guide to inform cable system owners and users about water treeing and to inform them what tests were available to detect treeing in cables. A joint WG was set up in liaison with SC B1 to prepare such a guide. This brochure is the result of the JWG and provides a review of the measurement techniques available to detect and measure the extent of water treeing in XLPE cable insulation and discusses the interpretation of data, including a discussion of the limitations. This independent review will help electrical utilities, or other users of XLPE insulation subjected to wet conditions, to evaluate non-destructive water tree detection techniques and give guidance on how to interpret the data obtained from such tests.