gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Second Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: A Call to Action (2013)

In Canada, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in considerable morbidity, mortality and health-related costs. Within the next three to 10 years, it is expected that tolerable, short-duration (12 to 24 weeks) therapies capable of curing >90% of those who undergo treatment will be approved. Given that most of those already infected are aging and at risk for progressive liver disease, building research-based interdisciplinary prevention, care and treatment capacity is an urgent priority. In an effort to increase the dissemination of knowledge in Canada in this rapidly advancing field, the National CIHR Research Training Program in Hepatitis C (NCRTP-HepC) established an annual interdisciplinary Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus. The first symposium was held in Montreal, Quebec, in 2012, and the second symposium was held in Victoria, British Columbia, in 2013. The current article presents highlights from the 2013 meeting. It summarizes recent advances in HCV research in Canada and internationally, and presents the consensus of the meeting participants that Canada would benefit from having its own national HCV strategy to identify critical gaps in policies and programs to more effectively address the challenges of expanding HCV screening and treatment.
1132 STUDY ON THE REMOVAL MECHANISM OF LUBRICANT OIL PARTICLES LEAKED FROM AIR COMPRESSOR (2013)

Attention for the removal of fine particles less than 2.5μm, such as PM2.5, has been increasing in recent years, but removal of such particles is known to be difficult[1][2][3][4]. This study focuses on a particle removal method involving electrically charged filters with a focus on particles emitted from air compressors to improve removal efficiency. This paper used numerical calculations to analyze the movements of particles passing through fibers that structure filters and a proposed filter-fiber arrangement suitable for removing particles.
The Function of Glial Cells in the Neuroinflammatory and Neuroimmunological Responses (2022)

The historical concept of glia just as the glue of brain tissue has been challenged by the accumulation of concrete evidence showing the multifunctional role of these cells during development and in the adult brain [...].
Clonal propagation in the genus Ulmus: Improvement of rooting ability by Agrobacterium rhizogenes T-DNA genes (1999)

SummaryElm clones may be propagated by grafting, but graft incompatibility is a major problem. Rooting by cuttings does not always give satisfactory results. Shoots of elm clones resistant to Dutch Elm Disease (caused by Ophiostoma ulmi Buism.) and with poor rooting ability, were air layered after one of the following five treatments: application of growth regulator mixture; inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes wild type 1855 (A.r. 1855) or Agrobacterium tumefaciens-ORF11 (A.t. ORF11); application of growth regulator mixture and inoculation with A.r. 1855 or A.t. ORF11. Shoots treated only with growth regulators exhibited low percentage of rooting; shoots inoculated with only Agrobacterium strains produced very low percentage of rooting; shoots treated with growth regulator and inoculated with Agrobacterium strains exhibited the best percentage of rooting. The results demonstrated the possibility of rooting of these recalcitrant clones, with clear advantage for the propagation of elm clones with growth regulator and A.t. ORF11.
PoseAgent: Budget-Constrained 6D Object Pose Estimation via Reinforcement Learning (2016)

State-of-the-art computer vision algorithms often achieve efficiency by making discrete choices about which hypotheses to explore next. This allows allocation of computational resources to promising candidates, however, such decisions are non-differentiable. As a result, these algorithms are hard to train in an end-to-end fashion. In this work we propose to learn an efficient algorithm for the task of 6D object pose estimation. Our system optimizes the parameters of an existing state-of-the art pose estimation system using reinforcement learning, where the pose estimation system now becomes the stochastic policy, parametrized by a CNN. Additionally, we present an efficient training algorithm that dramatically reduces computation time. We show empirically that our learned pose estimation procedure makes better use of limited resources and improves upon the state-of-the-art on a challenging dataset. Our approach enables differentiable end-to-end training of complex algorithmic pipelines and learns to make optimal use of a given computational budget.
Scheduling Storms and Streams in the Cloud (2015)

Motivated by emerging big streaming data processing paradigms (e.g., Twitter Storm, Streaming MapReduce), we investigate the problem of scheduling graphs over a large cluster of servers. Each graph is a job, where nodes represent compute tasks and edges indicate data-flows between these compute tasks. Jobs (graphs) arrive randomly over time, and upon completion, leave the system. When a job arrives, the scheduler needs to partition the graph and distribute it over the servers to satisfy load balancing and cost considerations. Specifically, neighboring compute tasks in the graph that are mapped to different servers incur load on the network; thus a mapping of the jobs among the servers incurs a cost that is proportional to the number of "broken edges". We propose a low complexity randomized scheduling algorithm that, without service preemptions, stabilizes the system with graph arrivals/departures; more importantly, it allows a smooth trade-off between minimizing average partitioning cost and average queue lengths. Interestingly, to avoid service preemptions, our approach does not rely on a Gibbs sampler; instead, we show that the corresponding limiting invariant measure has an interpretation stemming from a loss system.
Contact hole shrink by directed self-assembly: Process integration and stability monitored on 300 mm pilot line (2014)

International audience
Tube-Balloon Logic for the Exploration of Fluidic Control Elements (2022)

The control of pneumatically driven soft robots typically requires electronics. Microcontrollers are connected to power electronics that switch valves and pumps on and off. As a recent alternative, fluidic control methods have been introduced, in which soft digital logic gates permit multiple actuation states to be achieved in soft systems. Such systems have demonstrated autonomous behaviors without the use of electronics. However, fluidic controllers have required complex fabrication processes. To democratize the exploration of fluidic controllers, we developed tube-balloon logic circuitry, which consists of logic gates made from straws and balloons. Each tube-balloon logic device takes a novice five minutes to fabricate and costs $0.45. Tube-balloon logic devices can also operate at pressures of up to 200 kPa and oscillate at frequencies of up to 15 Hz. We configure the tube-balloon logic device as NOT-, NAND-, and NOR-gates and assemble them into a three-ring oscillator to demonstrate a vibrating sieve that separates sugar from rice. Because tube-balloon logic devices are low-cost, easy to fabricate, and their operating principle is simple, they are well suited for exploring fundamental concepts of fluidic control schemes while encouraging design inquiry for pneumatically driven soft robots
Processing, Structure, and High-Temperature Superconductivity (1987)

The superconducting behavior in oxygen defect perovskite oxides is found to depend on the amount and order of oxygen in the structure. In the case of Y1Ba2Cu3O9-y, the highest and sharpest transitions are related to ordering of one-dimensional Cu-O ribbons in the structure which are in turn coupled to a network of adjacent 2-dimensional Cu-O sheets. The isostructural rare earth derivatives of Y1Ba2Cu3O9-y are found to display similar behavior.
Data from Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Novel Factors Conferring Resistance to Topoisomerase II Poisons in Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The topoisomerase II poisons doxorubicin and etoposide constitute longstanding cornerstones of chemotherapy. Despite their extensive clinical use, many patients do not respond to these drugs. Using a genome-wide gene knockout approach, we identified Keap1, the SWI/SNF complex, and C9orf82 (CAAP1) as independent factors capable of driving drug resistance through diverse molecular mechanisms, all converging on the DNA double-strand break (DSB) and repair pathway. Loss of Keap1 or the SWI/SNF complex inhibits generation of DSB by attenuating expression and activity of topoisomerase IIα, respectively, whereas deletion of C9orf82 augments subsequent DSB repair. Their corresponding genes, frequently mutated or deleted in human tumors, may impact drug sensitivity, as exemplified by triple-negative breast cancer patients with diminished SWI/SNF core member expression who exhibit reduced responsiveness to chemotherapy regimens containing doxorubicin. Collectively, our work identifies genes that may predict the response of cancer patients to the broadly used topoisomerase II poisons and defines alternative pathways that could be therapeutically exploited in treatment-resistant patients. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 75(19); 4176–87. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Figure 3 from Novel Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Combat Hepatocellular Carcinoma without Inducing Chemoresistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 228K, Proliferation kinetics of treated hepatoma cells.&lt;/p&gt;
PEGylated Liposomes Remotely Loaded with the Combination of Doxorubicin, Quinine, and Indocyanine Green Enable Successful Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tumors (2021)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells remains a major obstacle to favorable outcomes of treatment with many drugs, including doxorubicin. Most of the clinical trials failed to demonstrate the benefit of the drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors to circumvent P-gp-mediated drug resistance in vivo. The present study explored the therapeutic potential of combined treatment with liposomal doxorubicin, P-gp inhibitor quinine, and the photodynamic therapy (PDT) using indocyanine green (ICG) in the adenocarcinoma drug-resistant tumor model. Liposomes were actively co-remotely loaded with doxorubicin and quinine, and ICG was passively adsorbed. The liposomes were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and cryogenic transmission microscopy (Cryo-TEM). We found that quinine impaired the crystalline structure of doxorubicin. In vitro, treatment with single agents themselves was insufficient to inhibit the growth of HT-29 MDR1 cells. However, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and quinine (PLDQ) significantly diminished HT-29 MDR1 cell survival. Furthermore, survival inhibition intensified by the addition of ICG to the PLDQ (ICG + PLDQ). In vivo, ICG + PLDQ significantly decreased tumor growth when combined with tumor irradiation with NIR light (** <i>p</i> < 0.01). ICG + PLDQ + irradiation was superior to single treatments or combinational treatments without irradiation. These findings suggest that ICG + PLDQ can overcome P-gp-mediated MDR in cancer cells.
Role of a small molecular weight phosphoprotein in the mechanism of action of CI‐994 (N‐acetyldinaline) (1995)

The mechanism of action of the novel anti-cancer compound CI-994 was studied in C26 murine colon tumor and HCT-8 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Treatment of either cell line resulted in the specific loss of a 16-kDa phosphoprotein in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with salicylanilide, CI-940, mimosine, aphidicolin, quercetin or ciclopirolxalamine, which, like CI-994, block cells in the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, did not affect the production of this protein. Loss of the 16-kDa protein preceded the block in cell proliferation induced by CI-994 treatment, and recovery of this protein was evident prior to the resumption of cell growth. Cellular fractionation studies demonstrated that the 16 kDa phosphoprotein is confined to the nuclear compartment. Our data indicate that loss the 16-kDa nuclear phosphoprotein appears to be a direct effect of CI-994 treatment and that the inhibition of this phosphoprotein may play a critical role in the mechanism of action of CI-994.
Music can be reconstructed from human auditory cortex activity using nonlinear decoding models (2023)

Music is core to human experience, yet the precise neural dynamics underlying music perception remain unknown. We analyzed a unique intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) dataset of 29 patients who listened to a Pink Floyd song and applied a stimulus reconstruction approach previously used in the speech domain. We successfully reconstructed a recognizable song from direct neural recordings and quantified the impact of different factors on decoding accuracy. Combining encoding and decoding analyses, we found a right-hemisphere dominance for music perception with a primary role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG), evidenced a new STG subregion tuned to musical rhythm, and defined an anterior-posterior STG organization exhibiting sustained and onset responses to musical elements. Our findings show the feasibility of applying predictive modeling on short datasets acquired in single patients, paving the way for adding musical elements to brain-computer interface (BCI) applications.
Composite retrieval of heterogeneous web search (2014)

Traditional search systems generally present a ranked list of documents as answers to user queries. In aggregated search systems, results from different and increasingly diverse verticals (image, video, news, etc.) are returned to users. For instance, many such search engines return to users both images and web documents as answers to the query "flower". Aggregated search has become a very popular paradigm. In this paper, we go one step further and study a different search paradigm: composite retrieval. Rather than returning and merging results from different verticals, as is the case with aggregated search, we propose to return to users a set of "bundles", where a bundle is composed of "cohesive" results from several verticals. For example, for the query "London Olympic", one bundle per sport could be returned, each containing results extracted from news, videos, images, or Wikipedia. Composite retrieval can promote exploratory search in a way that helps users understand the diversity of results available for a specific query and decide what to explore in more detail. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a variety of approaches to construct bundles that are relevant, cohesive and diverse. Compared with three baselines (traditional "general web only" ranking, federated search ranking and aggregated search), our evaluation results demonstrate significant performance improvement for a highly heterogeneous web collection.
Membrane association and shedding of the GPI‐anchored Ca‐MOv18 antigen in human ovary carcinoma cells (1992)

The antigen recognized by the MOv18 MAb (Ca-MOv18) was recently shown to be a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein. In this report we show that GPI-anchorage is not limited to IGROVI cells nor to other ovary carcinoma cell lines, but Ca-MOv18 was also found to be sensitive to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) treatment on fresh ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, we found a heterogeneous sensitivity of Ca-MOv18 to PI-PLC cleavage, not only among the different cells studied but also in different experiments performed on the same cell line, during extended periods of time in culture. Sensitivity to PI-PLC cleavage was determined by immunofluorescence on live cells and by double-determinant radioimmunoassay of the antigen released in the supernatant. The specificity of the PI-PLC cleavage was demonstrated as follows: (a) TX114 solubilized Ca-MOv18 shifts from the detergent to the aqueous phase after treatment with PI-PLC; (b) on membrane preparations, PI-PLC specifically released a fraction of the antigen, which is distinct from the weakly associated form released by high-salt treatment; (c) Ca-MOv18 from IGROVI expressed the cross-reacting determinant (CRD), which is characteristic of GPI-linked molecules. The absence of CRD expression on the spontaneously released protein and the possibility of artificially inducing antigen shedding during the resynthesis of Ca-MOv18 which follows bacterial PI-PLC treatment are interesting points which need to be further investigated in order to understand the physiology of the Ca-MOv18 tumor antigen.
Adhesion Mechanism between Mold Resin and Sputtered Stainless Steel Ground Films for Electromagnetic Wave Shield Packages (2022)

The number of radio systems used for global communications or advanced features is increasing in electronic devices such as smart phones. As mobile information and telecommunications terminals are miniaturized and advanced features are added by manufacturers, measures to prevent electromagnetic interference among electronic components on high-density mounting boards are becoming increasingly important. Therefore, it is crucial to develop methods for forming electromagnetic wave shield films in semiconductor devices. Stable sputtering processes are increasingly used for the deposition of shield films. Although metal is often used as a shield film, the mechanism of the adhesion of the sputtered film to the mold resin in semiconductor devices has not been discussed. In this work, sputtering was used to deposit a stainless steel film as a ground film for a copper wave shield film and the factors that affected the adhesion of the stainless steel film to the mold resin were investigated. For the copper film with no ground film, adhesion decreased as the resin filler content decreased. For the copper/stainless steel film, adhesion remained high as the filler content of the mold resin decreased. The argon and nitrogen plasma etching formed carbides and nitrides at the interface of the mold resin and a stainless steel film, whereas argon etching formed carbides. Based on the experimental results, we proposed that the adhesion between the stainless steel film and the mold resin mainly arose from the carbides and nitrides reacting with iron and chromium in the stainless steel film.
Decomposition of the time reversal operator: Application to dispersion curve measurements (1994)

This paper presents an application of the DORT (Decomposition of the Time Reversal Operator) method to the ultrasonic characterization of extended scatterers with large arrays of transducers. The DORT method takes advantage of the invariance of wave propagation under time reversal. A time reversal operator is defined and measured from the inter-element impulse responses of each pair of transducers in the array. This operator is diagonalized and the analysis of its eigenvectors provides significant information on the scattering medium. The 2-dimensional problem of a hollow cylinder immersed in water is considered. Circumferential waves contributing to the scattered field are detected and characterized. It is shown that each of these waves is associated to an eigenvector of the time reversal operator. The points from which these waves radiate in the observation direction are determined. The analysis performed at each frequency provides the phase velocity dispersion curves V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">φ</sub> (w) and the resonance spectrum of the shell
Room‐Temperature Fabrication of Ultrathin Oxide Gate Dielectrics for Low‐Voltage Operation of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (2011)

A high-κ zirconium oxide gate dielectric is fabricated using a solution-based process at room temperature. UV irradiation decomposes and oxidizes a zirconium-based gel film, which densifies into an ultrathin (<10 nm) dielectric, providing high areal capacitance and low leakage current when passivated with a SAM. Polymeric transistors are fabricated on the gate dielectric entirely at room temperaure and operate with gate swings below 3 V, displaying high mobility (0.2 cm2 V−1 s−1)
Bovine Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Population Dynamics Following Treatment with Recombinant Bovine Interferon-α I 1 (1989)

The in vitro functional activity of bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes and the population dynamics of the major peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations were investigated following the administration of recombinant bovine interferon-alpha I1 (rBoIFN-alpha I1). The intramuscular injection of rBoIFN-alpha I1 induced a 24-h lymphopenia characterized by a decrease in both circulating T and non-T/non-B lymphocytes. An increased CD4/CD8 ratio indicated that there was a relatively greater depletion of the CD8 equivalent subpopulation of T lymphocytes. These changes in lymphocyte trafficking were observed in the absence of a cortisolemia. Coincidental with the lymphopenia, there was a marked decrease in the amplitude of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation responses that probably was caused by a numerical deficit rather than functional deficit in the responder T cells.
Unsupervised Hierarchical Concept Learning (2021)

Discovering concepts (or temporal abstractions) in an unsupervised manner from demonstration data in the absence of an environment is an important problem. Organizing these discovered concepts hierarchically at different levels of abstraction is useful in discovering patterns, building ontologies, and generating tutorials from demonstration data. However, recent work to discover such concepts without access to any environment does not discover relationships (or a hierarchy) between these discovered concepts. In this paper, we present a Transformer-based concept abstraction architecture UNHCLE (pronounced uncle) that extracts a hierarchy of concepts in an unsupervised way from demonstration data. We empirically demonstrate how UNHCLE discovers meaningful hierarchies using datasets from Chess and Cooking domains. Finally, we show how UNHCLE learns meaningful language labels for concepts by using demonstration data augmented with natural language for cooking and chess. All of our code is available at https://github.com/UNHCLE/UNHCLE
Global standards enabling a 5th Generation Communications system architecture vision (2014)

A vision of a 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> Generation Wireless Communication system is presented which targets the efficient integration of multiple, heterogeneous Radio Access Technologies in conjunction with an heterogeneous cell-type deployment and the application of new spectrum bands and spectrum usage paradigms, such as advanced sharing concepts leading to Quality-of-Service guarantees for incumbents and cellular licensees. This contribution further analyzes related key standards bodies and regulation institutions which are expected to play a major role in implementing the inherent technological components. The current working status in key bodies is outlined and expected trends and directions are summarized. As a conclusion, specific actions are proposed in order to drive SG technology development, standardization and regulation in an efficient and coordinated way.
Learning SO(3) Equivariant Representations with Spherical CNNs (2017)

We address the problem of 3D rotation equivariance in convolutional neural networks. 3D rotations have been a challenging nuisance in 3D classification tasks requiring higher capacity and extended data augmentation in order to tackle it. We model 3D data with multi-valued spherical functions and we propose a novel spherical convolutional network that implements exact convolutions on the sphere by realizing them in the spherical harmonic domain. Resulting filters have local symmetry and are localized by enforcing smooth spectra. We apply a novel pooling on the spectral domain and our operations are independent of the underlying spherical resolution throughout the network. We show that networks with much lower capacity and without requiring data augmentation can exhibit performance comparable to the state of the art in standard retrieval and classification benchmarks.