gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of retinal nonperfusion in branch retinal vein occlusion using wide‐field optical coherence tomography angiography (2019)

OCTA images based on wide-field technologies can quantitatively evaluate retinal nonperfusion in eyes with BRVO.
Preliminary Safety and Efficacy of L‐carnitine Infusion for the Treatment of Vasopressor‐Dependent Septic Shock (2013)

L-carnitine infusion appears safe in vasopressor-dependent septic shock. Preliminary efficacy data suggest potential benefit of L-carnitine treatment, and further testing is indicated.
51‐1: Novel Pixel Structure for 8K QUHD LCD Panel with the Enhanced Optical Performances (2019)

We report on novel pixel architecture for improving the transmittance and reducing the gamma distortion to minimize the color shift in an 8K QUHD LCD panel with the hG‐2D technology. In our LCD panel, each pixel has a unique electrode structure which is mixed with conventional micro‐slits and reversed those. It is named “multi‐domain reversed‐slit VA mode (MRS‐VA)”. This MRSVA‐LCD has the excellent transmittance by matching the LC distortions on the vertical electrode and two data lines which is asymmetrically positioned. Besides, by shielding the LC distortion line at the oblique viewing angle, the gamma distortion can be effectively suppressed. Through our pixel structure, superior performances to conventional LCD could be clearly proved (GDI value: 0.345 and panel transmittance (T): 3.7%). Additionally, by demonstrations of overcoming the crosstalk and bruising defects, we demonstrated that MRSVA‐LCD could be applied to the commercial 8K panels manufactured by the mass production.
An educational tool for microstrip antennas analysis: Design; structure and programming (2006)

This paper presents an interactive educative tool for the antennas design. Since time ago, new methods for bringing near the theory to the student and make it understandable had been searched at universities. The proposed tool is an innovative electronic book for antenna theory which gets it by two differential characteristics: Interactivity and animations. The interactivity consists on set up a “prove bank” where the student, incited by some guide commentaries, can make modifications and see what is its effect on the results, which are showed and plotted in different formats. Animations bring the opportunity to the student of watching the evolution of some parameters with time or any other variable. The present paper shows the book structure as well as some examples of the working document.
Supplementary Table 6 from <i>ETV6</i> Deficiency Unlocks ERG-Dependent Microsatellite Enhancers to Drive Aberrant Gene Activation in B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 6 details GGAA repeat overlap analysis of new and previously published ETS factor datasets.&lt;/p&gt;
Low-Dose Rapamycin Treatment Increases the Ability of Human Regulatory T Cells to Inhibit Transplant Arteriosclerosis In Vivo (2012)

Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) are currently being tested in clinical trials as a potential therapy in cell and solid organ transplantation. The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin has been shown to preferentially promote T(reg) expansion. Here, we hypothesized that adjunctive rapamycin therapy might potentiate the ability of ex vivo expanded human T(reg) to inhibit vascular allograft rejection in a humanized mouse model of arterial transplantation. We studied the influence of combined treatment with low-dose rapamycin and subtherapeutic T(reg) numbers on the development of transplant arteriosclerosis (TA) in human arterial grafts transplanted into immunodeficient BALB/cRag2(-/-) Il2rg(-/-) mice reconstituted with allogeneic human peripheral blood mononuclear cell. In addition, we assessed the effects of the treatment on the proliferation and apoptosis of naïve/effector T cells. The combined therapy efficiently suppressed T-cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Neointima formation in the human arterial allografts was potently inhibited compared with each treatment alone. Interestingly, CD4(+) but not CD8(+) T lymphocytes were sensitive to T(reg) and rapamycin-induced apoptosis in vitro. Our data support the concept that rapamycin can be used as an adjunctive therapy to improve efficacy of T(reg)-based immunosuppressive protocols in clinical practice. By inhibiting TA, T(reg) and rapamycin may prevent chronic transplant dysfunction and improve long-term allograft survival.
Taking the First Steps towards a Standard for Reporting on Phylogenies: Minimum Information about a Phylogenetic Analysis (MIAPA) (2006)

In the eight years since phylogenomics was introduced as the intersection of genomics and phylogenetics, the field has provided fundamental insights into gene function, genome history and organismal relationships. The utility of phylogenomics is growing with the increase in the number and diversity of taxa for which whole genome and large transcriptome sequence sets are being generated. We assert that the synergy between genomic and phylogenetic perspectives in comparative biology would be enhanced by the development and refinement of minimal reporting standards for phylogenetic analyses. Encouraged by the development of the Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment (MIAME) standard, we propose a similar roadmap for the development of a Minimal Information About a Phylogenetic Analysis (MIAPA) standard. Key in the successful development and implementation of such a standard will be broad participation by developers of phylogenetic analysis software, phylogenetic database developers, practitioners of phylogenomics, and journal editors.
Exposing Application Components as Web Services (2010)

This paper explores technology permitting arbitrary application components to be exposed for remote access from other software. Using this, the application and its constituent components can be written without concern for its distribution. Software running in different address spaces, on different machines, can perform operations on the remotely accessible components. This is of utility in the creation of distributed applications and in permitting tools such as debuggers, component browsers, observers or remote probes access to application components. Current middleware systems do not allow arbitrary exposure of application components: instead, the programmer is forced to decide statically which classes of component will support remote accessibility. In the work described here, arbitrary components of any class can be dynamically exposed via Web Services. Traditional Web Services are extended with a remote reference scheme. This extension permits application components to be invoked using either the traditional pass-by-value semantics supported by Web Services or pass-by-reference semantics. The latter permits the preservation of local call semantics across address space boundaries.
UV-induced homeotropic orientation of nematic liquid crystals dissolving two species of monomers carrying liquid-crystalline side-chain group and anthracene group (2017)

We propose the technique for formation of the polymer orientation film (POF) by polymerisation of the monomers being dissolved in the liquid crystal (LC) material for controlling the orientation of the LC molecules. For obtaining the homeotropic orientation, combination of the two monomers, 4-(4ʹ-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-yloxy)-butyl ester (AOBBE) and 2,7-dimethacryloyl-oxy-anthracene (DMAAnth), was found to be useful. The monomer DMAAnth initiates the polymerisation under ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, and the AOBBE unit induces the homeotropic orientation. The monomer DMAAnth is useful for maintaining the high voltage holding ratio and low residual direct-current voltage after UV light exposure because the molecules of DMAAnth do not remain in the LC layer.
A Computational Model of the Cholinergic Modulation of CA1 Pyramidal Cell Activity (2020)

Dysfunction in cholinergic modulation has been linked to a variety of cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease. The important role of this neurotransmitter has been explored in a variety of experiments, yet many questions remain unanswered about the contribution of cholinergic modulation to healthy hippocampal function. To address this question, we have developed a model of CA1 pyramidal neuron that takes into consideration muscarinic receptor activation in response to changes in extracellular concentration of acetylcholine and its effects on cellular excitability and downstream intracellular calcium dynamics. This model incorporates a variety of molecular agents to accurately simulate several processes heretofore ignored in computational modeling of CA1 pyramidal neurons. These processes include the inhibition of ionic channels by phospholipid depletion along with the release of calcium from intracellular stores (i.e., the endoplasmic reticulum). This paper describes the model and the methods used to calibrate its behavior to match experimental results. The result of this work is a compartmental model with calibrated mechanisms for simulating the intracellular calcium dynamics of CA1 pyramidal cells with a focus on those related to release from calcium stores in the endoplasmic reticulum. From this model we also make various predictions for how the inhibitory and excitatory responses to cholinergic modulation vary with agonist concentration. This model expands the capabilities of CA1 pyramidal cell models through the explicit modeling of molecular interactions involved in healthy cognitive function and disease. Through this expanded model we come closer to simulating these diseases and gaining the knowledge required to develop novel treatments.
Heteropolyacene with Thianthrenium Ring Systems ProvingπElectron Delocalization over S Atoms (2003)

The superacid-induced condensation of o-methylsulfinylated thiophenyl(ene) compounds under dilute conditions induces an intramolecular electrophilic ring-closing reaction of a hydroxysulfonium cation onto the adjacent benzene ring to yield the thianthrenium ring systems, which disclose π electron delocalization over sulfonio linkages demonstrating the efficacy of planarization of the benzene rings for the p-π/d-π interaction in arylsulfonium moieties. Crystal structure of the thianthrenium salt reveals that the S+–C(phenyl) bond is significantly shortened upon the ring closing as a result of the increased bond order by the resonance effect.
A novel deployable telescope to facilitate a low-cost <1m GSD video rapid-revisit small satellite constellation (2019)

The multi-billion dollar Earth observation applications market continues to demand better spatial and temporal resolution; simply put, this means bigger apertures and more satellites. This paper describes a novel deployable telescope that addresses the market needs for a &lt;1m GSD imager in a small launch volume. This system will allow many identical satellites to be launched into a constellation from a single launch vehicle, providing a low-cost solution to rapid-revisit high resolution imaging requirements. Alternatively, two or three satellites could be launched in a dedicated small satellite launch vehicle, where previously only one would have fit. Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. (SSTL) has already demonstrated low-cost 1m GSD imagery from the Carbonite-2 platform, but the deployable telescope solution presented here provides the opportunity to build on this capability by significantly improving revisit time, without the typical increase in cost. SSTL is developing, alongside the Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and the Dynamic Optics and Photonics Group at the University of Oxford, a telescopic deployable structure and a fine alignment system to align the Cassegrain-type telescope in-orbit. The three-concentric barrel deployable structure and mechanisms are discussed including the associated requirements and trade-off study that led to this design. The dynamic nature of this system exacerbates traditional optical challenges such as alignment and stray light control; solutions to these are proposed, the optical design rationale is explained and predicted imaging performance shown. The novel autonomous fine alignment system, both algorithms and mechanisms, is presented. The last section deals with the spacecraft level implications and accommodation. Then finally the constellation level system design is shown with regards to the launch vehicle options and orbit configuration for coverage optimization; both global and target-specific.
Modeling process latitude in UV projection lithography (1991)

The degree to which critical performance parameters are stable against small variations in process parameters is called process latitude. Advanced computer models of UV microlithography are used to study the impact of the notching phenomenon (exposure enhancement near steps in the exposure plane) on process latitude. It is shown that notching effects give rise to a rapid degradation of resist development process latitude.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Molecular roadmap of the healthy stress response in the mouse hippocampus (2021)

Summary The acute stress response mobilizes energy to meet situational demands and re-establish homeostasis. However, little is known about the nature and dynamics of the underlying molecular cascades. We used a brief forced swim exposure to trigger a strong stress response in mice, which transiently increases anxiety, but does not lead to lasting maladaptive behavioral changes. Using multiomic profiling we characterize the stress-induced molecular events in the hippocampus over time, across molecular scales, and down to the level of cell types and single cells. Our results unveil the complexity and specificity of the healthy stress response, with widespread changes in protein phosphorylation and gene transcription, but tightly regulated protein translation. All observed molecular events resolve efficiently within 4 hours after initiation of stress. The data are accessible through an interactive web portal , creating an extensive molecular resource that will help understand how stress impacts brain function in health and disease.
A method to reduce the peak power with signal space expansion (ESPAR) for OFDM system (2002)

OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) is an effective technique for high data rate wireless transmission. However, the OFDM system has a problem with the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) being very high. A high PAPR can cause severe distortion when transmitted through a nonlinear device. Therefore, because extreme power amplifier specification is required, high power consumption and large hardware is required. We propose a new method called ESPAR (Expansion of the signal Space for Peak to Average ratio Reduction) in order to reduce the peak power. ESPAR expands the signal space by modulating some subcarriers and not modulating the other subcarriers. The proposed system selects the symbol patterns with low signal power in the expanded signal space and transforms data sequences to the pattern. We evaluate the characteristics of the proposed system by computer simulation and show the advantage of ESPAR.
A VSC position tracking system involving a large scale pneumatic muscle actuator (2002)

A variable structure controller (VSC) is developed to provide position tracking capability for a very large pneumatic muscle actuator, which has inherently nonlinear dynamics. After the controller design is completed, the internal dynamics of the closed-loop system are shown to be stable. Robustness and passivity issues are then discussed. The switching law is modified to account for the different dynamics through the use of a composite Lyapunov function which guarantees asymptotic tracking stability.
Homolysis of Weak Ti−O Bonds:  Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Titanium Oxygen Bonds Derived from Stable Nitroxyl Radicals (2005)

Titanium-oxygen bonds derived from stable nitroxyl radicals are remarkably weak and can be homolyzed at 60 degrees C. The strength of these bonds depends sensitively on the ancillary ligation at titanium. Direct measurements of the rate of Ti-O bond homolysis in Ti-TEMPO complexes Cp2TiCl(TEMPO) (3) and Cp2TiCl(4-MeO-TEMPO) (4) (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, 4-MeO-TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxypiperidine-N-oxyl) were conducted by nitroxyl radical exchange experiments. Eyring plots gave the activation parameters, deltaH++ = 27(+/- 1) kcal/mol, deltaS++ = 6.9(+/- 2.3) eu for 3 and deltaH++ = 28(+/- 1) kcal/mol, deltaS++ = 9.0(+/- 3.0) eu for 4, consistent with a process involving the homolysis of a weak Ti-O bond to generate the transient Cp2Ti(III)Cl and the nitroxyl radical. Thermolysis of the titanocene TEMPO complexes in the presence of epoxides leads to the Cp2Ti(III)Cl-mediated ring-opening of the epoxide followed by trapping by the nitroxyl radical. The X-ray crystal structure of the Ti-TEMPO derivative, Cp2TiCl(4-MeO-TEMPO) (4), is reported. DFT (B3LYP/6-31G*) calculations and experimental studies reveal that the strength of the Ti-O bond decreases dramatically with the number of cyclopentadienyl groups on titanium. The calculated Ti-O bond strength of the monocyclopentadienyl complex 2 is 43 kcal/mol, whereas that of the biscyclopentadienyl complex 3 is 17 kcal/mol, a difference of 26 kcal/mol. These studies reveal that the strength of these Ti-O bonds can be tuned over an interesting and experimentally accessible temperature range by appropriate ligation on titanium.
ChemInform Abstract: New Syntheses of Mixed Peroxides Under Gif‐Barton Oxidation of Alkylbenzenes, Conjugated Alkenes and Alkanes; a Free‐Radical Mechanism. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 3386: Detection of TGFbR2 frameshift mutation (2022)

Abstract TGFβR2 a10→a9 frameshift mutation is an early occurring cancer driver mutation and mutant TGFβR2 cell free DNA (cfDNA) is therefore a potential biomarker for early detection of cancer (E.G. Lynch Syndrome) as well as for monitoring response to cancer treatment. The frameshift mutation is associated with micro satellite instability (MSI) and is found in 80% of MSI-colorectal cancers (MSI-CRC) and in over 90% of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Here we show that cell free mutant (a9) TGFβR2 DNA is present in liquid biopsies from MSI-CRC patients and that the a9 micro satellite of mutant TGFβR2 can be selectively detected by using specially designed PCR primers modelled after the a9 microsatellite. PCR and primers defining a fragment of TGFβR2 comprising the a10/a9 microsatellite was used to amplify cfDNA extracted from MSI-CRC and microsatellite stable-CRC (MSS-CRC) patients. The resulting PCR products were analysed and confirmed by DNA sequencing after gel electrophoresis. In addition, primers modelled after the shorter a9 microsatellite was designed and tested using synthetic DNA of both TGFβR2 variants. Despite the naturally established mismatch between the a10 sequence and primers modelled after the a9 sequence, conventionally designed primers could not differentiate enough for specific annealing to the a9 sequence. A further mismatch with the a10 sequence was introduced at the 3’ end of the primer, which, in combination with the already established mismatch, denied the primer tail-end annellation with the a10 sequence that is necessary for polymerase amplification of this sequence. Experiments to optimise PCR conditions and buffer solution were conducted prior to analysing the cfDNA extracted from the patient samples. It was found that TGFβR2 DNA was present in cfDNA from all (10/10) CRC patients tested and that TGFβR2 a10→a9 frameshift was present in all (5/5) MSI-CRC patients and none (0/5) of MSS-CRC patients tested, shown by sequencing. PCR using the selected a9 modelled primer yielded a PCR product that was clearly detectable on the electrophoresis gel only for cfDNA from the MSI-CRC patients (5/5). The results show that TGFβR2 a10→a9 frameshift DNA is present in cfDNA of liquid biopsies from MSI-CRC patients which establishes cell free TFGβR2 frameshift DNA as a potential biomarker for early detection of hereditary CRC (Lynch Syndrome) as well as for monitoring cancer progression and remission of sporadic MSI-CRC. Citation Format: Henrik K. Eriksen, Jon A. Eriksen. Detection of TGFbR2 frameshift mutation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3386.
The Impact of Coherence Diversity on MIMO Relays (2023)

This paper studies MIMO relays with non-identical link coherence times, a frequently occurring condition when, e.g., the nodes in the relay channel do not all have the same mobility, or the scatterers around some nodes have different mobility compared with those around other nodes. Despite its practical relevance, this condition, known as coherence diversity, has not been studied in the relay channel. This paper studies the performance of MIMO relays and proposes efficient transmission strategies under coherence diversity. Since coherence times have a prominent impact on channel training, we do not assume channel state is available to the decoder for free; all channel training resources are accounted for in the calculations. A product superposition technique is employed at the source, which allows a more efficient usage of degrees of freedom when the relay and the destination have different training requirements. Varying configurations of coherence times are studied. The interesting case where the different link coherence intervals are not a multiple of each other, and therefore the coherence intervals do not align, is studied. Relay scheduling is combined with the product superposition to obtain further gains in degrees of freedom. The impact of coherence diversity is further studied in the presence of multiple parallel relays.
Tetrathiaheterohelicene Phosphanes as Helical‐Shaped Chiral Ligands for Catalysis (2011)

Abstract Tetrathia[7]helicene‐based phosphanes thiaheliphos ( 2a ), n Pr‐thiaheliphos ( 2b ) and di‐ n Pr‐thiaheliphos ( 2c ) have been prepared from the 2,13‐dilithio derivatives of thiahelicenes 1a – c by reaction with an excess of Ph 2 PCl. Protection of the air‐sensitive products as BH 3 adducts, from which the phosphanes 2a – c are easily regenerated on heating with ethanol, is described. New rhodium(I) complexes 8 and 9 were obtained by reaction of 2c with [Rh(COD) 2 ] + [BF 4 ] – and [BARF] – ,respectively, which were converted by oxidation into thechelating phosphane–phosphane oxide Rh I complexes 10 and 11 . The monophosphane 5 was similarly prepared, and reaction of the dilithio species with ClP(O)(OEt) 2 gave the diphosphonate 17 , which was characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Comparison of data from DFT calculations (B3LYP/SVP) on 2c , 8 and 10 and X‐ray data for 17 reveals a strong tension within the thiaheliphos ligands that is partially relaxed by increasing the Rh–P distances and the bite angle of the chelating ligand. Compound ( P ) ‐ (+) ‐1c , obtained by chromatographic resolution, was transformed into optically pure ( P ) ‐ (+) ‐2c , which was used in the asymmetric hydrogenation of itaconic acid ester and methyl 2‐acetamidoacrylate (product ee s up to 40 %).