gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trochanteric Bursa Is a Source of Connective Tissue Progenitor Cells (2021)

During open hip procedures, the trochanteric bursa is often partially excised to identify muscular boundaries and tissue planes for surgical exposure. The function of the trochanteric bursa remains largely unknown. However, this tissue is a source of connective tissue progenitor cells, which may be important in the healing response of surgically repaired abductor tendons.
Human Monoclonal Antibodies as a Countermeasure Against Botulinum Toxins (2012)

Abstract : In this report, we summarize our studies to find novel, neutralizing antibodies against BoNT/E, as well as the investigation into methods to generate cell lines expressing neutralizing antibodies or antibody-like molecules with specificities against BoNT/A, /B, and /E. Through a series of rat and rabbit immunizations, we generated twelve recombinant MAbs capable of neutralizing 100LD50s of BoNT/E in murine models. In parallel, multiple methods using both pro- and eukaryotic expression systems were tested for their ability to express neutralizing MAbs or MAb-like scaffolds with specificities against all three BoNTs. One system showing efficacy involved the generation of IgG-based expression constructs in which the full length light and heavy chains were expressed as a single amino acid sequence using a (glycine-serine4)6 linker. Co-transfection of previously generated humanized BoNT/A and /B clones using this linker system in conjunction with dual selection markers showed that it was possible to generate a stable 293F cell line secreting both MAbs, which retained specificity to both toxins. Additionally, this material could be purified using traditional methods and mass spectrometry (MS) revealed both homo- and heterodimer pairing of the single chains via the hinge region of IgG. Lastly, two of the twelve BoNT/E neutralizing MAbs were humanized and linked in a similar manner and tested for in vivo efficacy. One clone (199B13) was able to completely neutralize 100LD50s of BoNT/E. This confirms the concept of the light-heavy chain linked IgG system and will permit the generation of a single production cell line generating material capable of neutralizing BoNT/A, /B, and /E.
Expression of Small Extracellular Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulfate Proteoglycans Is Differentially Regulated in Human Endothelial Cells (1997)

We have examined the expression of the small extracellular chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycans (CS/DS PGs), biglycan, decorin, and PG-100, which is the proteoglycan form of colony stimulating factor-1, in the human endothelial cell line EA.hy 926. We have also examined whether modulation of the phenotype of EA.hy 926 cells by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is associated with specific changes in the synthesis of these PGs. We demonstrate that EA.hy 926 cells, when they form monolayer cultures typical of macrovascular endothelial cells, express and synthesize detectable amounts of biglycan and PG-100, but not decorin. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis both PGs behave like proteins of the relative molecular weight of approximately 250,000. TNF-alpha that changed the morphology of the cells from a polygonal shape into a spindle shape and that also stimulated the detachment of the cells from culture dish, markedly decreased the net synthesis of biglycan, whereas the net synthesis of PG-100 was increased. These changes were parallel with those observed at the mRNA level of the corresponding PGs. The proportions of the different sulfated CS/DS disaccharide units of PGs were not affected by TNF-alpha. Several other growth factors/cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, fibroblast growth factors-2 (FGF-2) and -7 (FGF-7), interleukin-1beta, and transforming growth factor-beta, unlike TNF-alpha, modulated neither the morphology nor the biglycan expression of EA.hy 926 cells under the conditions used in the experiments. However, PG-100 expression was increased also in response to FGF-2 and -7 and transforming growth factor-beta. None of the above cytokines, including TNF-alpha, was able to induce decorin expression in the cells. Our results indicate that the regulatory elements controlling the expression of the small extracellular CS/DS PGs in human endothelial cells are different.
Inhibition of Polyglutamine Misfolding with D-Enantiomeric Peptides Identified by Mirror Image Phage Display Selection (2022)

Nine heritable diseases are known that are caused by unphysiologically elongated polyglutamine tracts in human proteins leading to misfolding, aggregation and neurodegeneration. Current therapeutic strategies include efforts to inhibit the expression of the respective gene coding for the polyglutamine-containing proteins. There are, however, concerns that this may interfere with the physiological function of the respective protein. We aim to stabilize the protein's native conformation by D-enantiomeric peptide ligands to prevent misfolding and aggregation, shift the equilibrium between aggregates and monomers towards monomers and dissolve already existing aggregates into non-toxic and functional monomers. Here, we performed a mirror image phage display selection on the polyglutamine containing a fragment of the androgen receptor. An elongated polyglutamine tract in the androgen receptor causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). The selected D-enantiomeric peptides were tested for their ability to inhibit polyglutamine-induced androgen receptor aggregation. We identified D-enantiomeric peptide QF2D-2 (sqsqwstpqGkwshwprrr) as the most promising candidate. It binds to an androgen receptor fragment with 46 consecutive glutamine residues and decelerates its aggregation, even in seeded experiments. Therefore, QF2D-2 may be a promising drug candidate for SBMA treatment or even for all nine heritable polyglutamine diseases, since its aggregation-inhibiting property was shown also for a more general polyglutamine target.
Early disseminated recurrence after liver resection in solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (2018)

Early disseminated multinodular HCC recurrence in hepatectomy patients was associated with preoperative α-FP >1,000 ng/dL. Such patients should be frequently evaluated for the early detection of recurrent HCC for early intervention.
<title>Application of self-developing dichromated gelatin for holographic data storage with speckle shift multiplexing</title> (1998)

THe hologram multiplexing method for the 3D data storage with speckle reference wave is considered. It permits to multiplex holograms by shifting of the speckle wave on the value equal to the its correlation radius. The limit of the number of information units presented by this type of holographics storage exceeds the same value for the spectral or angular multiplexed holograms. However, the system noises reduce it to the regular value. Two different experimental set-ups were tested for the holograms recording: with incident beams and with included beams. It occurred that the number of information units that can be stored in unit volume is larger in the case when both beams possess speckle structures, however the signal-to-noise ratio is also larger in this case, so the spatial modulation of the object beam does not improve the information capacity. Holograms recording was carried out using volume photosensitive medium: newly developed self processing dichromated gelatin of 0.5 mm thickness, and it was compared with the recording in DuPont photopolymer of 100 micron thickness and Fe:LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> crystal of 2 mm thickness. The method seems to be very suitable for the laser-disk-memory devices.
FDG-PET/CT and SPECT/CT in Oncology (2008)

Combined positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with computed tomography (CT) has been rapidly developed because of unique physiological information benefits from a precise topographic localization. PET/CT has been more accurate that anatomical imaging for diagnosing, staging, restaging and assessing therapeutic responses in a large number of different cancers. SPECT/CT has been somewhat overlooked since the procedures with single-photon tracers still constitute the majority of everyday nuclear medicine practice. Besides of precise localization of the lesions CT findings also characterize the abnormalities. Many existing and potential areas of clinical applications as well as translational researches using PET/CT and SPECT/CT are briefly reviewed.
First-in-Human Implant of the Cephea Transseptal Mitral Valve Replacement System (2019)

International audience
Coded Aperture Incoherent Digital Holography (2016)

A new incoherent digital holography concept using a coded aperture is proposed. Holograms of an object and a point object are recorded under identical conditions. The image is reconstructed by correlating the two holograms.
Flexible Field Emission from Thermally Welded Chemically Doped Graphene Thin Films (2011)

Flexible field-emission devices (FEDs) based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) emitters are fabricated by the thermal welding of RGO thin films onto a polymeric substrate. The RGO edges are vertically aligned relative to the substrate as a result of cohesive failure in the RGO layer after thermal welding. Even at large bending angles, excellent electron emission properties, such as low turn-on and threshold fields, a high emission current density, a high field enhancement factor, and long-term stability of the emission properties of RGO emitters, arise from the uniform distribution and high density of the extremely sharp RGO edges, as well as the high interfacial strength between the RGO emitters and the substrate. Al- and Au-doped RGO emitters are fabricated by introducing a dopant solution to the RGO emitters, and the resulting field-emission characteristics are discussed. The proposed approach is straightforward and enables the practical use of high-performance RGO flexible FEDs.
Studies on Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis: Influence of Plasma Proteins and Capillary Blood Flow (1986)

This study has evaluated the influence of peritoneal blood flow and plasma protein concentration on the peritoneal ultrafiltration rate. In vitro and in vivo experiments were done to assess the effective peritoneal capillary blood flow. Based on the assumption that one can compare the behavior of an hollow fiber hemofilter with the peritoneal dialysis system, we have compared the opera tional characteristics of the two systems. After demonstrating that there was filtration pressure equilibrium in the filter, the plasma protein concentration was measured in the venous site of the filter at different applied transmembrane pressures. The nomogram, so obtained, was used to calculate the plasma-protein concentration in the blood leaving the peritoneal capillary during exchanges with an established glucose concentration (and therefore at a given transmembrane pressure), and to calculate the filtration fraction. Once that fraction had been calculated, based on the value of the ultrafiltration rate, one can calculate the importance of the plasma flow and then the blood flow. In this study the filtration fraction ranged between 45 and 55% and the blood flow ranged between 21 and 27 ml/min. It was concluded that the blood flow may be very low and hence may limit ultrafiltration.
The polymath project (2011)

Although science is becoming increasingly collaborative, there are remarkably few success stories of online collaborations between professional scientists that actually result in real discoveries. A notable exception is the Polymath Project, a group of mathematicians who collaborate online to solve open mathematics problems. We provide an in-depth descriptive history of Polymath, using data analysis and visualization to elucidate the principles that led to its success, and the difficulties that must be addressed before the project can be scaled up. We find that although a small percentage of users created most of the content, almost all users nevertheless contributed some content that was highly influential to the task at hand. We also find that leadership played an important role in the success of the project. Based on our analysis, we present a set of design suggestions for how future collaborative mathematics sites can encourage and foster newcomer participation.
Power Minimization under QoS Constraints (2002)

QoS has been often addressed in multimedia, video, and networking researchcommunities, but rarely in the design community. Our goal is to introduce the first system design technique for comprehensive quality-of-service (QoS) lowpower synthesis. Specifically,we study howto efficiently exploit the trade-off between the system cost and energy consumption in real-time systems that address packet-based multimedia transmission and processing. Wefirstintroduce a system of techniques that minimizes energy consumption of stream-oriented applications under two main QoS metrics: latency and synchronization. Specifically,we study howmultiple voltages can be used to simultaneously satisfy hardware requirements and minimize power consumption, while preserving the requested level of QoS, in this case satisfying latency and synchronization requirements. We have
Extraction of dipolar coupling constants from low-frequency electrically detected magnetic resonance and near-zero field magnetoresistance spectra via least squares fitting to models developed from the stochastic quantum Liouville equation (2021)

We report low-frequency electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) and near-zero field magnetoresistance (NZFMR) measurements observed through spin-dependent trap-assisted tunneling on unpassivated 28Si/28SiO2 metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) capacitors. This study both experimentally and theoretically explores the effects of the low-frequency EDMR response and the mechanisms responsible for spin-mixing, which leads to the NZFMR response in the absence of electron–nuclear hyperfine interactions. Previous reports that utilized high-frequency EDMR and NZFMR on these devices indicated that the observed trap-assisted tunneling spectra are dominated by silicon dangling bonds back bonded to silicon at the Si/SiO2 interface, Pb0 and Pb1 centers. These previous results also suggest that the rate limiting step in trap-assisted tunneling is the interface to an oxide trapping event. In this work, we extend the theory to show the explicit connection of the defects observed between the NZFMR response and the EDMR, which has not yet been demonstrated. We also extend a theoretical approach to the analysis of both the EDMR and NZFMR spectra and match the theory to experimental observations made in 28Si/28SiO2 MIS capacitors. The method utilizes a least squares fitting algorithm of models developed from the stochastic quantum Liouville equation. We find that we can extract a dipolar coupling constant by fitting both the NZFMR and EDMR spectra. Our experimental results and resulting fitted spectra from our quantitative model suggest the mechanism responsible for spin-mixing, which leads to the NZFMR response in the absence of electron–nuclear hyperfine interactions, is predominately magnetic dipolar interactions between Pb centers at the interface.
Untraceable RFID tags via insubvertible encryption (2005)

We introduce a new cryptographic primitive, called insubvertible encryption, that produces ciphertexts which can be randomized without the need of any key material. Unlike plain universal re-encryption schemes, insubvertible encryption prevents against adversarial exploitation of hidden channels, by including certificates proving that the ciphertext can only be decrypted by authorized parties.The scheme can be applied to RFID tags, providing strong protection against tracing. This enables post-sale applications of manufacturer-issued RFID tags while preserving the privacy of consumers. The functionality required of the RFID tags is minimal, namely that they be re-writable (many-writable). No cryptographic capabilities are required of the tags themselves, as the readers perform all necessary computations.
A Review of Solid-State Circuit Breakers (2020)

Although conventional electromechanical circuit breakers have a proven record as effective and reliable devices for circuit protection, emerging power distribution technologies and architectures, such as dc microgrids, require improved interruption performance characteristics (e.g., faster switching speed). The need for faster switching operation, in combination with the latest developments of advanced power semiconductor technologies, has spurred an increase in the research and development in the area of solid-state circuit breakers. This article provides a comprehensive review of various solid-state circuit breaker technologies that have been reported in the literature during recent years. First, we categorize solid-state circuit breakers based on key features and subsystems, including power semiconductor devices, main circuit topologies, voltage clamping methods, gate drivers, fault detection methods, and commutation methods for power semiconductor devices. Second, we discuss the various challenges associated with the design of solid-state circuit breakers from the perspective of generic applications and provide a comparison of several solid-state breaker technologies based on key metrics. Finally, we provide a useful framework and point of reference for future development of solid-state circuit breakers for many emerging power distribution applications.
Comment on “Ghost cytometry” (2019)

Ota <i>et al</i> (Reports, 15 June 2018, p. 1246) report using pseudo-random optical masks and a spatial-temporal transformation to perform blur-free, high-frame rate imaging of cells in flow with a high signal-to-noise ratio. They also claim sorting at rates of 3000 cells per second, based on imaging data. The experiments conducted and results reported in their study are insufficient to support these conclusions.
Generation of High Power THz Waves in Relativistic Electron Beam Plasma and Two-Sheet-Beam FEM (2012)

Sub-mm wave and THz radiation can be generated by the process of transformation of plasma waves into electromagnetic (EM) radiation at strong Langmuir (LT) turbulence via a two-stream instability induced by a propagating high current relativistic electron beam (REB). Plasmon scattering on plasma density fluctuations yields EM emission at the plasma frequency ωp (ωp-process). Nonlinear plasmon-plasmon merging results in the generation of photons nearby the 2 nd harmonic of the plasma frequency 2ωp (2ωp-process). For plasma densities 10 14 −10 15 cm -3 , corresponding radiation frequencies are located in the range of sub-mm waves: 180-566 GHz. The power density of LT-induced sub-mm-wave emission from plasmas in the multi-mirror trap GOL-3 (BINP) during injection of a 10-µs-REB at plasma densities ne ≈ 5∙10 14 cm -3 , electron temperatures Te ≈ 1.5 keV and magnetic field B ≈ 4 T was measured to be up to 5-10 kW/cm 3 in the frequency band above 100 GHz. Former experiments on the ELMI device (BINP) demonstrated the operation of an mm-wave single channel free electron maser (FEM) with planar cavity geometry and 2D distributed feedback. Measurements have shown single mode single-frequency generation (75 GHz) with about 300 ns pulse duration at the power level of 20-40 MW. In the case of two parallel sheet electron beams in two slit channels, we plan to investigate an inter-cavity scattering scheme for two-stage generation of sub-mm wave radiation. As a first step we have studied simultaneous generation and transport of two intense sheet electron beams in two FEM slit channels. The REB parameters were the following: electron energy 0.8 MeV, total current of each beam 3 kA, cross section 0.4 cm x 7 cm and pulse duration 3 µs. The measurements of the energy of the mm-wave radiation pulse for frequencies higher than 70 GHz gave a value of 4-6 J and the average power of 20-40 MW from each of the two FEM channels. Both the GOL-3 and FEM experiments need components and systems for spectral diagnostics of sub-mm wave radiation. Novel micro-structured quasi-optical elements have been developed where amplitude, phase and polarization responses are controlled by frequency selective surface (FSS) topologies, manufactured by photolithography and electroforming. Bandpass filters (70 mm aperture diameter) with center frequency (CF) from 112 to 376 GHz show > 90% transmission and have a FWHM bandwidth of ~ 12%. Meta-material absorbers for real-time THz imaging (CF from 310 to 370 GHz) have an absorption of > 90% and excellent thermal insulation.
A cantilever beam analogy for quantifying higher mode effects in multistorey buildings (2015)

Summary This paper examines higher mode effects in systems where the ductile mechanism for seismic design is the base moment‐rotation response. The modal properties of flexural and shear beams with uniform mass and elasticity and with a variable amount of base rotational restraint are derived. As the base fixity is released, the first mode becomes the rigid body rotation of the beam about the base, but the higher modes change much less, particularly for the shear beam model. Most response quantities that are of interest in the seismic design of typical mid‐rise buildings are controlled by the first two lateral modes, except at locations along the height where the second mode contributes little. However, the third and higher lateral modes are more significant for high‐rise buildings. Based on the theory of uniform cantilever shear beams, expressions are developed to avoid the need for a modal analysis to estimate the overturning moment, storey shear, and floor acceleration envelopes. Considering the measured response from the shake table testing of a large‐scale eight‐storey controlled rocking steel braced frame, the proposed expressions are shown to be of similar or better accuracy to a modified modal superposition technique, which combines the higher mode response from an elastic modal analysis with the response associated with achieving the maximum base overturning moment according to an inverted triangular load distribution. Because the proposed method uses only parameters that are available at the initial design stage, avoiding the analysis of a structural model, it is likely to be especially useful for preliminary design. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
One-step Targeted Maximum Likelihood for Time-to-event Outcomes (2018)

Current Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) methods used to analyze time-to-event data estimate the survival probability for each time point separately, which result in estimates that are not necessarily monotone. In this paper, we present an extension of TMLE for observational time-to-event data, the one-step Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimator for the treatment-rule specific survival curve. We construct a one-dimensional universal least favorable submodel that targets the entire survival curve, and thereby requires minimal extra fitting with data to achieve its goal of solving the efficient influence curve equation. Through the use of a simulation study, we will show that this method improves on previously proposed methods in both robustness and efficiency, and at the same time respects the monotone decreasing nature of the survival curve.
Network-Adaptive And Energy-Efficient Multi-User Video Communication Over Qos Enabled Wlan (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of (3S)‐N,N‐1,7‐Bis‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐3‐hydroxyspermidine in High Enantiomeric Purity. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.