gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functionalization of Diamond(100) by Diels−Alder Chemistry (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTFunctionalization of Diamond(100) by Diels−Alder ChemistryGeorge T. Wang, Stacey F. Bent, John N. Russell, James E. Butler, and Mark P. D'EvelynView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375 GE Corp. Research and Development Schenectady, New York 12301 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 4, 744–745Publication Date (Web):January 15, 2000Publication History Received20 August 1999Published online15 January 2000Published inissue 1 February 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja993024ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja993024irapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views509Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adducts,Butadiene,Carbon,Hydrogen,Oligomers Get e-Alerts
A supply-noise-rejection technique in ADPLL with noise-cancelling current source (2013)

We propose a supply noise rejection technique, which is applied to an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL). Supply noise is cancelled by adding a cancellation current whose fluctuation is the same as that of a supply-noise component in an oscillator current. The proposed technique is realized with a small area and current dissipation, and is tolerant to process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations without calibration. The proof-of-concept chip was fabricated using a 65 nm CMOS technology. It was measured that the peak-to-peak jitter was reduced by 54 % in the presence of 30 mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> , 15 MHz supply noise, and the robustness of the proposed technique was verified by the measurements.
Rats with congenital hydronephrosis show increased susceptibility to renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury (2020)

Many drug candidates have shown significant renoprotective effects in preclinical models; however, there is no clinically used effective pharmacotherapy for acute kidney injury. The failure to translate from bench to bedside could be due to misleading results from experimental animals with undetected congenital kidney defects. This study was performed to assess the effects of congenital hydronephrosis on the functional capacity of tubular renal transporters as well as kidney sensitivity to ischemia-reperfusion (I-R)-induced injury in male Wistar rats. Ultrasonography was used to distinguish healthy control rats from rats with hydronephrosis. L-carnitine or furosemide was administered, and serial blood samples were collected and analyzed to assess the effects of hydronephrosis on the pharmacokinetic parameters. Renal injury was induced by clamping the renal pedicles of both kidneys for 30 min with subsequent 24 hr reperfusion. The prevalence of hydronephrosis reached ~30%. The plasma concentrations after administration of L-carnitine or furosemide were similar in both groups. I-R induced more pronounced renal injury in the hydronephrotic rats than the control rats, which was evident by a significantly higher kidney injury molecule-1 concentration and lower creatinine concentration in the urine of the hydronephrotic rats than the control rats. After I-R, the gene expression levels of renal injury markers were significantly higher in the hydronephrotic kidneys than in the kidneys of control group animals. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that hydronephrotic kidneys are more susceptible to I-R-induced damage than healthy kidneys. Unilateral hydronephrosis does not affect the pharmacokinetics of substances secreted or absorbed in the renal tubules.
Sensor array characteristics of MOS Hall-plates and the comparison with split-drain MAGFETs (2006)

This paper describes magnetic sensor array characteristics of MOS Hall-plates and the comparison with split-drain MAGFETs. A problem of the magnetic sensor array is the offset deviation which is caused by process imperfection. To investigate the magnetic sensor array characteristics suitable for an array structure, a test chip integrating magnetic sensor arrays with different structures of MOS Hall-plates and split-drain MAGFETs are fabricated using 0.25µm standard CMOS process. The ratio of the sensor signal to offset deviation of the MOS Hall-plates is three times higher than that of the split-drain MAGFET. From the measurement results of MOS Hall-plates with different shapes, it is found that a Hall-plate with longer channel and probes located closer to the center of the channel has small offset deviation.
Forkhead Box F1 Regulates Tumor-Promoting Properties of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Lung Cancer (2010)

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) attract increasing attention as potential cancer drug targets due to their ability to stimulate, for example, tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms causing the tumor-promoting properties of CAFs remain poorly understood. Forkhead box F1 (FoxF1) is a mesenchymal target of hedgehog signaling, known to regulate mesenchymal-epithelial interactions during lung development. Studies with FoxF1 gain- and loss-of-function fibroblasts revealed that FoxF1 regulates the contractility of fibroblasts, their production of hepatocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2, and their stimulation of lung cancer cell migration. FoxF1 status of fibroblasts was also shown to control the ability of fibroblasts to stimulate xenografted tumor growth. FoxF1 was expressed in CAFs of human lung cancer and associated with activation of hedgehog signaling. These observations suggest that hedgehog-dependent FoxF1 is a clinically relevant lung CAF-inducing factor, and support experimentally the general concept that CAF properties can be induced by activation of developmentally important transcription factors.
Fiber-reinforced composite structures with embedded piezoelectric sensors (2014)

Embedding of piezoelectric materials into fiber-reinforced composites is constituted as promising technology to develop ultra-sensitive structural health monitoring functionalities, e. g. strain measurement or acoustic emission testing. Here, we present latest results of embedding piezoelectric polymer foils into fiber-reinforced composite structures. The applied processing technique allows the implementation of several piezoelectric transducers at different positions within the fiber-reinforced composite. For studying the functionality non-destructive impact testing and three-point bending experiments were carried out to characterize the composite. Exemplarily, the functionality of the embedded sensors is demonstrated by means of triggering an embedded light emitting diode which is switched on after the piezoelectric transducer sensed mechanical strain.
1,1‘,3,3‘,6,6‘,8,8‘-Octachloro-9,9‘-bifluorenylidene and Perchloro-9,9‘-bifluorenylidene, Two Exceedingly Twisted Ethylenes (2002)

The syntheses of 1,1',3,3',6,6',8,8'-octachloro-9,9'-bifluorenylidene (1), its precursors, and the byproduct 3,3',5,5'-tetrachloro-4-(trichloromethyl)biphenyl (5) are described. Accurate structural X-ray data on 1 and on perchloro-9,9'-bifluorenylidene (2) are reported and discussed. Because of chlorine overcrowding, the dihedral angles between their two identical fluorenylidene moieties are abnormally large, the central-ethylene twist angles being 55 and 66 degrees, respectively. Significant out-of-plane carbon-chlorine bond bending is likewise exhibited. Their ESR spectra and magnetic measurements prove that they are singlet species. The exceptionally large bathochromic displacements of their UV-vis absorption spectrum with respect to that of their parent hydrocarbon are mainly attributed to bond bending and molecular warping.
ChemInform Abstract: (Z)‐Stereoselective Synthesis of Mono‐ and Bis‐heterocyclic Benzimidazol‐2‐ones via Cascade Processes Coupled with the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction. (2016)

Abstract The acid treatment of various Ugi adducts afford 1,5‐benzodiazepines which subsequently undergo a rearrangement affording benzimidazolones.
ASTRO Journals’ Data Sharing Policy and Recommended Best Practices (2019)

Transparency, openness, and reproducibility are important characteristics in scientific publishing. Although many researchers embrace these characteristics, data sharing has yet to become common practice. Nevertheless, data sharing is becoming an increasingly important topic among societies, publishers, researchers, patient advocates, and funders, especially as it pertains to data from clinical trials. In response, ASTRO developed a data policy and guide to best practices for authors submitting to its journals. ASTRO's data sharing policy is that authors should indicate, in data availability statements, if the data are being shared and if so, how the data may be accessed.
Comparative computational and experimental analyses of some natural small molecules to restore transcriptional activation function of p53 in cancer cells harbouring wild type and p53Ser46 mutant (2022)

Genetic mutations in p53 are frequently associated with many types of cancers that affect its stability and activity through multiple ways. The Ser46 residue present in the transactivation domain2 (TAD2) domain of p53 undergoes phosphorylation that blocks its degradation by MDM2 and leads to cell cycle arrest/apoptosis/necrosis upon intrinsic or extrinsic stresses. On the other hand, unphosphorylated p53 mutants escape cell arrest or death triggered by these molecular signaling axes and lead to carcinogenesis. Phosphorylation of Ser in the TAD2 domain of p53 mediates its interactions with transcription factor p62, yielding transcriptional activation of downstream pro-apoptotic genes. The p53 phosphorylation causes string-like elongated conformation that increases its binding affinity with the PH domain of p62. On the other hand, lack of phosphorylation causes helix-like motifs and low binding affinity to p62. We undertook molecular simulation analyses to investigate the potential of some natural small molecules (Withanone (Wi-N) & Withaferin-A (Wi-A) from Ashwagandha; Cucurbitacin-B (Cuc-B) from bitter Cucumber; and Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and Artepillin C (ARC) from honeybee propolis) to interact with p62-binding region of p53 and restore its wild-type activity. We found that Wi-N, Wi-A, and Cuc-B have the potential to restore p53-p62 interaction for phosphorylation-deficient p53 mutants. Wi-N, in particular, caused a reversal of the α-helical structure into an elongated string-like conformation similar to the wild-type p53. These data suggested the use of these natural compounds for the treatment of p53<sup>Ser46</sup> mutant harbouring cancers. We also compared the efficiency of Wi-N, Wi-A, Cuc-B, CAPE, and ARC to abrogate Mortalin-p53 binding resulting in nuclear translocation and reactivation of p53 function and provide experimental evidence to the computational analysis. Taken together, the use of these small molecules for reactivation of p53 in cancer cells is suggested.
Physiological and pathological relevance of secretory microRNAs and a perspective on their clinical application (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted significant attention because of their important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have shown that many cell types secrete miRNAs by packaging them into lipid-bilayered small vesicles called exosomes. Furthermore, exosomal miRNAs travel between cells, exert their RNAi effects in the recipient cells, and play important roles in various biological processes. In this article, we will summarize and describe the latest studies on exosomal miRNAs by focusing on their roles in cancer progression, immune regulation, and tissue repair. We will also provide a perspective on the clinical applications of this research field.
Superior Emulsions In Microchannel Architecture (2007)

Although increasing evidence supports the protective role of inhibitor of differentiation and DNA binding-1 (Id-1) against anticancer drug-induced apoptosis, the underlying molecular mechanisms seem to vary depending on the tumor system. Here, we examined the direct role of Id-1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by ectopically overexpressing Id-1 under serum-free condition, where the endogenous Id-1 expression was suppressed. Id-1 expression resulted in increased number of viable cells, reduced Bax expression, enhanced Bcl-2 expression, but no change in Bcl-xL expression. The expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) was augmented, while those of p53 and IkappaB were reduced. Such changes in p53 and NF-kappaB pathways were also functional, as assessed by real-time polymerase chain reactions and reporter assays of their known downstream targets, p21 and Il-6, as well as Bax and Bcl-2 genes. Finally, Id-1 played a protective role against taxol-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells as assessed by MTT assay and apoptotic cell count upon taxol treatment (0-200 nM). Reduced Bax expression and enhanced Bcl-2 expression by Id-1 were also noted in the presence of taxol. Taken together, we present a molecular mechanism where Id-1 regulates p53 and NF-kappaB pathways, which in turn regulates Bax and Bcl-2 genes, thus providing a survival advantage under exogenous stress such as serum-free or taxol treatment in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In this regard, inactivation of Id-1 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy leading to inhibition of breast cancer progression and anti-cancer drug resistance.
Reduction of herpes simplex virus type-2 replication in cell cultures and in rodent models with peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers (2010)

These results demonstrate that topically applied PPMOs hold promise as candidate antiviral microbicides against HSV-2 genital infection.
Neural Spike Detection Circuit with Amplification Method using Input DC Level Control (2021)

A neural spike detection circuit is presented, in which all the amplifiers have an open loop architecture to reduce area and current consumption fundamentally. A new method for controlling the gain of an open loop amplifier is proposed. The gains of instrumentation amplifier (IA) and multiplier are controlled by a DC level of the input. In addition, an instrumentation amplifier (IA) includes a compensation circuit against the fabrication process corners to prevent amplification failure. The compensation circuit detects and adds threshold voltage variations in the compensation feedback loop. The circuit is fabricated using the standard 0.18 μm CMOS process. Changing the DC level at the IA input results in the amplification gain increase up to 650 V/V. The nonlinear amplification control capability of the multiplier is verified as the DC input level changes. The minimum detectable amplitude of neural spike is 100 μVpk. The overall power consumption is 1.4 μW. Integrated input-referred noise is measured to be 7.1 μVrms in a frequency range of 100 Hz to 10 kHz.
Combretastatins novel vascular targeting drugs for improving anti-cancer therapy. Combretastatins and conventional therapy. (2000)

Combretastatins are a new class of compounds that appear to have anti-tumour activity as a result of specifically targeting the vasculature of tumours. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of combretastatin A-4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP) to induce vascular effects in a C3H mouse mammary carcinoma, and to see if the anti-tumour response could be improved by combining the drug with conventional anti-cancer therapies. It was found that CA4DP (250 mg/kg) significantly decreased tumour perfusion within 30 minutes after injection and maintained this decrease for several hours, although there was a return to normal by 24 hours. Similar changes were seen in the tumours bioenergetic and oxygenation status. The drug also significantly increased tumour necrosis and had a small inhibitory effect on tumour growth. It was also able to enhance the tumour response to radiation and hyperthermia, when given at the same time or 30 minutes after the radiation and hyperthermia, respectively. Giving the drug 1 hour after cisplatin injection only resulted in a tumour response that was no greater than additive. These results confirm the anti-vascular effects of CA4DP and demonstrate its potential to enhance the anti-tumour activity of conventional therapy.
AN EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE FROM A POWDER AVALANCHE (1966)

Abstract A powder avalanche moved a 3,200 kg truck 19,8 m horizontally and dropped it 15 2 m into a gully without serious damage. Data from the site are used to compute the velocity of snow-free air and of a snow-air mixture necessary to cause this event. These velocities are found to be within the velocity of the avalanche as estimated from the equations published by A. Voellmy.
<title>Manufacturing tolerances for nonimaging concentrators</title> (1997)

A 2D-error model for nonimaging concentrators composed by multiple optical surfaces is presented. The concentrator surfaces can be either dioptrics, sequential mirrors (as a conventional parabola) or non-sequential mirrors (i.e. CPC- like mirrors). Under the hypothesis of the model, the slope errors of all the surfaces can be transferred to entry aperture and combined there, and the effect of errors can be studied with a single probability density function as in the case of one-mirror concentrators. A single number, the concentrator error multiplier, is defined to characterize the concentrator tolerance to errors. This number and the concentrator acceptance angle are the key to analyze the error sensitivity of concentrators. Finally the model is used to quantify the maximum tolerance on the concentrators surfaces to guarantee a specified quality.
Application of PD-L1, PD-L2, CD30, CD23 and BCL-6 in Diagnosis and Prognostic Evaluation of Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma (2021)

Objective To explore the application value of treatment-related markers PD-L1, PD-L2, CD30, CD23, BCL-2, BCL-6, MUM1 and GATA3 in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma(PMBL). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 34 patients diagnosed with PMBL, and 31 patients with DLBCL-NOS which was not primary in the mediastinum were taken as control group. The expressions of 8 proteins were detected by IHC staining. Results The median percentages of tumor cells with PD-L1, PD-L2 and CD30 expression in PMBL group were 70% (30%, 90%), 25% (0, 70%) and 17.5% (0, 60%) respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the DLBCL-NOS group (P < 0.05). The positive rates of CD30 and CD23 in PMBL group were 61.76% (21/34) and 76.47% (26/34) respectively, significantly different with those in the DLBCL-NOS group (P=0.000). The survival curve of PMBL patients with CD30 or BCL-6 expression showed a trend of poor prognosis, despite the P value was > 0.05. Conclusion The high expression levels of PD-L1, PD-L2 and CD30 in PMBL are helpful to accurately identify more patients who may respond to immune or targeted therapy. Immunohistochemical staining of PD-L1, PD-L2, CD30 and CD23 is helpful for the differential diagnosis of PMBL and DLBCL-NOS. As candidate prognostic indicators of PMBL, CD30 and BCL-6 should be further studied in a larger number of samples.
Scents of Adolescence: The Maturation of the Olfactory Phenotype in a Free-Ranging Mammal (2011)

Olfaction is an important sensory modality for mate recognition in many mammal species. Odorants provide information about the health status, genotype, dominance status and/or reproductive status. How and when odor profiles change during sexual maturation is, however often unclear, particularly in free-ranging mammals. Here, we investigated whether the wing sac odorant of male greater sac-winged bats (Saccopteryx bilineata, Emballonuridae) differs between young and adults, and thus offers information about sexual maturity to potential mating partners. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found differences in the odorants of young and adult males prior and during, but not after the mating period. The wing sac odorant of adult males consists of several substances, such as Pyrocoll, 2,6,10-trimethyl-3-oxo-6,10-dodecadienolide, and a so far unidentified substance; all being absent in the odor profiles of juveniles prior to the mating season. During the mating season, these substances are present in most of the juvenile odorants, but still at lower quantities compared to the wing sac odorants of adults. These results suggest that the wing sac odorant of males encodes information about age and/or sexual maturity. Although female S. bilineata start to reproduce at the age of half a year, most males of the same age postpone the sexual maturation of their olfactory phenotype until after the first mating season.
Individual control of narrowband noise with disturbance (2014)

The disturbance picked up by error sensors may degrade the performance of narrowband active noise cancellation (NANC) systems, resulting in slow convergence of algorithm and low noise reduction. This paper proposes modified algorithms to enhance the transient and steady-state performance. A delayless filter bank is designed to separate the residual noise into parallel channels to update the corresponding adaptive filters using individual error signals. The improved performance is verified by computer simulations.