gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective decomposition algorithm for self-aligned double patterning lithography (2011)

Self-aligned double patterning (SADP) lithography is a novel lithography technology that has the intrinsic capability to reduce the overlay in the double patterning lithography (DPL). Although SADP is the critical technology to solve the lithography difficulties in sub-32nm 2D design, the questions - how to decompose a layout with reasonable overlay and how to perform a decomposability check - are still two open problems with no published work. In this paper, by formulating the problem into a SAT formation, we can answer the above two questions optimally. This is the first published paper with detailed algorithm to perform the SADP decomposition. In a layout, we can efficiently check whether a layout is decomposable. For a decomposable layout, our algorithm guarantees to find a decomposition solution with reasonable overlay reduction requirement. With little changes on the clauses in the SAT formula, we can address the decomposition problem for both the positive tone process and the negative tone process. Experimental results validate our method, and decomposition results for Nangate Open Cell Library and larger test cases are also provided with competitive run times.
Evidence for the Intramolecular Motion of Gd Atoms in a Gd2@C92 Nanopeapod (2003)

Atoms in a confined space can be regarded to represent a completely new phase because it should behave differently than the atoms in a solid or in a free-space. The metallofullerene provides an ideal case of the confined atoms since a number of metal atoms are imprisoned in a subnanometer void of the carbon cage. Here we give direct evidence of the dynamic behavior for the confined atoms in metallofullerenes by observing individual atoms using the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Rapid movement of Gd atoms in Gd2@C92 peapod is identified for the first time. By comparison with simulation, the amplitude of the motion is roughly quantified as 0.2 nm at room temperature and is reduced to almost half at 100 K.
Performance analysis of a cognitive analogical reasoner (2009)

Renewed interest in cognitive information processing has identified the need for novel computing architectures that can efficiently and dynamically support reasoning and learning with emphasis on memory structures. A large number of cognitive processing methods have been implemented in software on conventional computing architectures. This paper describes detailed execution profiling of a particular cognitive method for analogical reasoning called SAGEtrade. SAGEtrade is a symbolic-connectionist, performance oriented analogical reasoner. The primary contribution of the work is to identify the deficiencies and bottlenecks of SAGEtrade to inform the development of improved architectures for cognitive information processing, and especially for analogical reasoning.
IR performance study of an adaptive coded aperture "diffractive imaging" system employing MEMS "eyelid shutter" technologies (2007)

Adaptive coded aperture sensing is an emerging technology enabling real time, wide-area IR/visible sensing and imaging. Exploiting unique imaging architectures, adaptive coded aperture sensors achieve wide field of view, near-instantaneous optical path repositioning, and high resolution while reducing weight, power consumption and cost of air- and space born sensors. Such sensors may be used for military, civilian, or commercial applications in all optical bands but there is special interest in diffraction imaging sensors for IR applications. Extension of coded apertures from Visible to the MWIR introduces the effects of diffraction and other distortions not observed in shorter wavelength systems. A new approach is being developed under the DARPA/SPO funded LACOSTE (Large Area Coverage Optical search-while Track and Engage) program, that addresses the effects of diffraction while gaining the benefits of coded apertures, thus providing flexibility to vary resolution, possess sufficient light gathering power, and achieve a wide field of view (WFOV). The photonic MEMS-Eyelid "sub-aperture" array technology is currently being instantiated in this DARPA program to be the heart of conducting the flow (heartbeat) of the incoming signal. However, packaging and scalability are critical factors for the MEMS "sub-aperture" technology which will determine system efficacy as well as military and commercial usefulness. As larger arrays with 1,000,000+ sub-apertures are produced for this LACOSTE effort, the available Degrees of Freedom (DOF) will enable better spatial resolution, control and refinement on the coding for the system. Studies (SNR simulations) will be performed (based on the Adaptive Coded Aperture algorithm implementation) to determine the efficacy of this diffractive MEMS approach and to determine the available system budget based on simulated bi-static shutter-element DOF degradation (1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, etc..) trials until the degradation level where it is perceived to necessitate component replacement. System performance impacts, from DOF degradation, will manifest in a spatially random method.
An Integrated Map Matching Algorithm for GPS-Based Freeway Network Traffic Monitoring (2010)

This paper proposed an integrated map matching algorithm for freeway network traffic monitoring system using GPS probe data. The algorithm is novel in three aspects. First, it is designed to map massive GPS positioning points in a large-scale traffic network for the purpose of traffic state monitoring, while most the existing map matching algorithms are designed for in-vehicle navigation. Second, the modified N-shortest path algorithm is embedded to find reasonable routes between GPS positioning points efficiently. Third, the algorithm uses fuzzy logic inference system with innovative fuzzy rules to determine the actual traveling route and physical location for each probe vehicle. The algorithm is evaluated using field GPS data sets collected in Los Angeles. This paper uses a new evaluation strategy that has not been used in previous literatures. In addition to checking several map matching cases, the speed detection results of GPS probe implementing the proposed map matching algorithm are compared with the speed data from the loop detecting system. In this way, the map matching results are converted to a data set that can be evaluated using ground truth data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm for mapping mass GPS positioning data onto complex freeway network, as well as producing accurate speed detection results.
Abstract P755: Perlecan Lg3 is Neuroprotective and Functionally Restorative in Experimental Ischemic Stroke (2021)

Despite promising advancements, ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability. We previously determined that human recombinant ~85-kDa C-terminal protein fragment of the vascular basement membrane proteoglycan perlecan termed domain V (DV) is neuroprotective, pro-angiogenic, neurogenic and functionally restorative when administered after experimental stroke (transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion -MCAO) in mice and rats. As previous studies suggest, the 23-kDa subdomain of DV called laminin globular domain 3 (LG3) may confer most of DV’s biological activity and is more amenable to production, we tested whether human recombinant perlecan DV LG3 (also termed “DV LG3 ”) might be neuroprotective and functionally restorative in the transient MCAO (intraluminal filament model). Methods: Fifty male mice (C57BL/6J, 10-12 weeks old, 24–30 g) underwent MCAO for 60 min and were survived for seven days. At reperfusion mice were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups and immediately received either human recombinant DV treatment (positive control, n=16 2 mg/kg, i.p.), LG3 (n=19 6 mg/kg, i.p.), or equivalent volume of PBS vehicle (n=15) ; and again on post-MCAO days 2 and 4. The DV:LG3 dose ratio was selected based on a preliminary in vivo dose evaluation study of therapeutic equivalence. Functional outcome measures (grip strength and grid-hang tests) were determined at baseline and on post-MCAO days 1, 3 and 7. Body weight was measured daily as per welfare. To determine infarct size on post-MCAO day 7, whole brain samples were harvested, sectioned and stained with 2,3,5- Triphenyltetrazolium chloride. The induction of MCAO, DV, DV LG3 or PBS treatments, functional tests and analyses were performed, blindly, by different individuals. While DV treatment significantly reduced mean infarct volume as expected (p&lt;0.022, compared to PBS control group), DV LG3 further reduced infarct volumes (p&lt;0.0001), weight loss (p&lt;0.0002) and improved functional outcome measures (p&lt;0.01) compared to PBS group. Our findings show that human recombinant DV LG3 is neuroprotective and functionally restorative, may be even more effective than DV, and is worthy of more study as a readily producible therapy for ischemic stroke.
DAHANCA 33: functional image-guided dose-escalated radiotherapy to patients with hypoxic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (NCT02976051) (2019)

DAHANCA 33: functional image-guided dose-escalated radiotherapy to patients with hypoxic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (NCT02976051)
A comparison of ATMS and CSP techniques (1989)

A fundamental problem for most AI problem solvers is how to control search to avoid searching subspaces which previously have been determined to be inconsistent. Two of the standard approaches to this problem are embodied in the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) techniques which evolved from vision tasks and assumption-based truth maintenance system (ATMS) techniques which evolved from applying constraint propagation techniques to reasoning about the physical world. This paper argues that both approaches embody similar intuitions for avoiding thrashing and shows how CSPs can be mapped to ATMS problems and vice versa. In particular, Mackworth's notions of node, arc, and path consistency, Freuder's notion of it-consistency, and Dechter and Pearl's notion of directed K-consistency have precise analogs in the ATMS framework.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Carboxylation of Silicon‐Stabilized Allylic Carbanions and the Synthetic Utility of 2‐Silyl‐3‐butenoates. (1987)

Abstract Carboxylation of the lithiated allyltriorganosilanes (I) gives isomeric mixtures of the acids (III) and (IV); in most cases a moderate γ‐regioselectivity is observed.
Syntheses and chemistry of some dibenz[c,e]azepines (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses and chemistry of some dibenz[c,e]azepinesMoshe Weitzberg, Elias Abu-Shakra, Abdullatif Azeb, Zeev Aizenshtat, and Jochanan BlumCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 4, 529–536Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00380a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00380a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views920Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Predictive‐focus illumination for reducing photodamage in live‐cell microscopy (2012)

Due to photobleaching and phototoxicity induced by high-intensity excitation light, the number of fluorescence images that can be obtained in live cells is always limited. This limitation becomes particularly prominent in multidimensional recordings when multiple Z-planes are captured at every time point. Here we present a simple technique, termed predictive-focus illumination (PFI), which helps to minimize cells' exposure to light by decreasing the number of Z-planes that need to be captured in live-cell 3D time-lapse recordings. PFI utilizes computer tracking to predict positions of objects of interest (OOIs) and restricts image acquisition to small dynamic Z-regions centred on each OOI. Importantly, PFI does not require hardware modifications and it can be easily implemented on standard wide-field and spinning-disc confocal microscopes.
Mechanism of Action by Which Aspirin Alleviates Detrusor Hyperactivity in Rats (2004)

We examined the effect of aspirin on urodynamic parameters in normal and cyclophosphamide-induced cystitic rats and compared them in rats with or without sensory denervation. Cystometry was performed under urethane anesthesia; and volume threshold for micturition (VT), micturition frequency (MF), micturition pressure (MP), and micturition volume (MV) were determined. Cystitis was induced by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide and sensory denervation was performed by pretreating animals with a large dose of capsaicin. PGE(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) contents in the bladder were determined by ELISA. Sensory intact, cystitic rats showed decrement of VT and increment of MF. Aspirin increased VT and decreased MF in the cystitic condition. Both PGE(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) contents in the bladder were significantly increased in cystitic rats, but such increases were completely inhibited by aspirin. In sensory denervated rats, aspirin showed a marginal tendency of increment of VT. Cystitic rats showed overflow micturition in the sensory denervated condition, but VT was the same as that of normal rats. Furthermore, following capsaicin pretreatment, aspirin had no effect on the cystometrogram in cystitic rats. From these findings, it is concluded that suppression of sensory C-fiber via inhibition of PGs synthesis in the bladder is involved in the pharmacological action of aspirin in the detrusor hyperactivity.
A Prolog-oriented extension of Java programming based on generics and annotations (2007)

Although object-oriented languages are nowadays the mainstream of application development, several research contexts suggest that a multi-paradigm approach is worth pursuing. In particular, a declarative, logic-based paradigm could fruitfully add functionalities related to automatic reasoning, adaptivity, and conciseness in expressing algorithms. In this paper we present [email protected], a framework for enhancing interoperability between Java and Prolog based on the tuProlog open-source Prolog engine for Java. [email protected] supports smooth language-interoperability by first introducing an API for modeling first-order logic terms by Java generics and wildcards, promoting expressiveness and safety. On top of it, an annotation layer is then introduced that extends Java with the ability of implementing parts of the application code using Prolog.
Supplementary Figure 6. from Low-Dose Paclitaxel Reduces S100A4 Nuclear Import to Inhibit Invasion and Hematogenous Metastasis of Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 6. EGI-1 cells but not TFK-1 cells contained SUMOylated S100A4; inhibitory effects of low dose PTX on SUMOylating complex did not associate with any deregulation of SUMO E subunits.&lt;/p&gt;
Visual content characterization and similarity retrieval of images and video (1999)

There is a large and sharply increasing amount of visual information stored in digital images and video. Methodologies to allow browsing and searching this information are required to make it manageable. This thesis presents solutions to the problem of automatically indexing this information based upon its visual content to allow browsing and querying by similarity. Methods for temporal segmentation of both compressed and uncompressed digital video are evaluated and characterized. A method to retrieve images and video keyframes based on multi-scale spatially localized color content is introduced. Strategies and algorithms for the extraction of text from video for use as an index are proposed.
Characteristics of the Interaction Between Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Somatostatin for Thyrotropin and Prolactin Release (1976)

Somatostatin, at concentrations up to 10(-7) M, does not inhibit the basal release of TSH from primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells. The TRH-induced TSH release is however 65% reduced by somatostatin, half-maximal inhibition being measured at 2.5 x 10(-10) M somatostatin. The concentration of TRH giving half-maximal stimulation (ED50) of TSH release is only slightly increased from 1 to 3 x 10(-9) M in the presence of 10(-8) M somatostatin. Somatostatin inhibits by 45-65% both the basal and TRH-induced PRL release of pituitary cells prepared from adult female rats, with half-maximal inhibition at approximately 5 x 10(-10) M somatostatin. The TRH ED50 for PRL release was not significantly affected by somatostatin. Somatostatin (200 mug) has no effect on the basal plasma levels of TSH or PRL in anesthetized male rats treated with estradiol benzoate (EB), hypothyroid rats, or hypothyroid animals treated with EB. The plasma TSH response to TRH is, however, reduced by approximately 75% by somatostatin while the plasma PRL response is not affected by injection of the peptide. The interaction between TRH and somatostatin for both TSH and PRL release is non-competitive and is thus likely to occur at a step subsequent to the binding of the peptides to their specific receptors in both thyrotrophs and mammotrophs.
A MULTISCALE FRAMEWORK FOR THE STOCHASTIC ASSIMILATION AND MODELING OF UNCERTAINTY ASSOCIATED NCF COMPOSITE MATERIALS (2016)

A MULTISCALE FRAMEWORK FOR THE STOCHASTIC ASSIMILATION AND MODELING OF UNCERTAINTY ASSOCIATED NCF COMPOSITE MATERIALS - VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering - 5 - 10 JUNE 2016 Crete Island, Greece
Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

A bstract A search for singly produced vector-like quarks Q , where Q can be either a T quark with charge +2/3 or a Y quark with charge −4/3, is performed in proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 , recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The analysis targets Q → Wb decays where the W boson decays leptonically. No significant deviation from the expected Standard Model background is observed. Upper limits are set on the QWb coupling strength and the mixing between the Standard Model sector and a singlet T quark or a Y quark from a ( B , Y ) doublet or a ( T , B , Y ) triplet, taking into account the interference effects with the Standard Model background. The upper limits set on the mixing angle are as small as |sin θ L | = 0.18 for a singlet T quark of mass 800 GeV, |sin θ R | = 0.17 for a Y quark of mass 800 GeV in a ( B , Y ) doublet model and |sin θ L | = 0.16 for a Y quark of mass 800 GeV in a ( T , B , Y ) triplet model. Within a ( B , Y ) doublet model, the limits set on the mixing parameter |sin θ R | are comparable with the exclusion limits from electroweak precision observables in the mass range between about 900 GeV and 1250 GeV.
A two-stage approach to localize spatially distributed sources (2007)

We present a new technique to localize multiple scattered sources and estimate their angular spreads (ASs). We take into account the partial stationarity of the channel and propose a two-stage approach to estimate the ASs and the nominal angles of arrival (AoAs) of the sources. First, we blindly estimate the channels over several data blocks regularly spaced by intervals larger than the coherence time but each, short enough in length, to make time variations negligible within the block duration. Second, for each spatially scattered source, we separately process the corresponding sequence of quasi-independent channel realization estimates as a new single-scattered-source observation over which we apply Taylor series expansions to transform the estimation of the nominal AoAs and the ASs of the corresponding scattered source into a simple localization of two closely-spaced uncorrelated rays (i.e., point sources). Rayspsila locations allow accurate retrieval of the AoAs and ASs. Simulations confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach in the most adverse conditions.
Localization of autosomal recessive early‐onset parkinsonism to chromosome 1p36 (PARK7) in an independent dataset (2002)

Two new loci, PARK6 and PARK7, for autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism have recently been identified on chromosome 1p, in single large pedigrees. Among 4 autosomal recessive early-onset families analyzed here, 2 supported linkage to PARK7, 1 with conclusive evidence. These data confirm localization of autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism to PARK7, suggesting it to be a frequent locus. Assignment of families to either PARK6 or PARK7 might be difficult because of the proximity of the two loci on chromosome 1p.
An Interacting Multiple-Model-Based Algorithm for Driver Behavior Characterization Using Handling Risk (2016)

Performance of vehicle control systems, such as active safety systems and driver assistance systems, can be significantly improved by taking driver behavior information into consideration. This paper implements a handling limit-based algorithm for driver behavior characterization by introducing stochastic perspective with the interacting multiple model (IMM) estimation theory. The proposed algorithm constructs mathematical models for four vehicle dynamics categories. The IMM estimator is designed for each vehicle dynamics category to evaluate driver scores. The proposed algorithm is compared with an existing handling limit-based algorithm through experimental tests, and the results illustrate advantages of the proposed algorithm.
Reconstruction of functionally normal and malignant human breast tissues in mice (2004)

The study of normal breast epithelial morphogenesis and carcinogenesis in vivo has largely used rodent models. Efforts at studying mammary morphogenesis and cancer with xenotransplanted human epithelial cells have failed to recapitulate the full extent of development seen in the human breast. We have developed an orthotopic xenograft model in which both the stromal and epithelial components of the reconstructed mammary gland are of human origin. Genetic modification of human stromal cells before the implantation of ostensibly normal human mammary epithelial cells resulted in the outgrowth of benign and malignant lesions. This experimental model allows for studies of human epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation in vivo and underscores the critical role of heterotypic interactions in human breast development and carcinogenesis.
Corrigendum: Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Efrapeptins (2013)

The authors apologize for having displayed the wrong spectra in Figure 5 in their Full Paper. The correct spectra are given below: FT-IR (top) and VCD (bottom) spectra of efrapeptin C, [D-Pip11]efrapeptin C (16), and [Pro1,3,11]efrapeptin C (18) in CH2Cl2.