gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graphical computational method for active materials in simulation of optical electromagnetics (2014)

Traditional numerical analyses of laser beam transmission through “active” nonlinear materials have involved many assumptions that narrow their general applicability. As more complex optical phenomena are widely employed in research and industry, it is necessary to expand the use of numerical simulation methods. Historically, laser-matter interactions have involved calculations of “classical” wave propagation by Maxwell’s equations and photon absorption through rate equations using numerous approximations. We describe a novel numerical modeling framework that adapts itself for simulation of different types of active materials provided by a simple graphical input. Our framework combines classical electric field propagation with “active” photon absorption kinetics using computational active photonic building blocks (APBB). It allows investigating a plane electromagnetic wave propagating through generic organic or inorganic photoactive materials; while, “active” photo-transitions are implemented using the APBB algorithm on the user interface. To date we have used the method in multiphoton absorbers, upconversion, semiconductor quantum dots, rare earth ions, organic chromophores, singlet oxygen formation, energy transfer, and optically-induced chemical reactions. We will demonstrate the method with applications of amplification in rare-earth ions and multiple two-photon absorbers materials in tandem.
Modeling, design and demonstration of multi-die embedded WLAN RF front-end module with ultra-miniaturized and high-performance passives (2014)

This paper demonstrates, for the first time, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) radio frequency (RF) front end module (FEM), incorporating the smallest, high-performance band-pass filter (BPF) on a 110μm-thin organic substrate with chip-last embedded actives and thin-film passives. The FEM consists of a power amplifier (PA) die, a switch die, and two low-noise amplifier (LNA) dies, integrated with a BPF and a low-pass filter (LPF). Full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations are employed to study the signal path loss, EM radiation and coupling. The BPF and LPF have 0.25dB and 0.5dB insertion loss respectively, with in-substrate dimensions of 1mm × 1mm × 0.05mm. The PA die shows a gain of around 10.8 dB at 2.4GHz. The path between the antenna and the amplifiers is also characterized to have a loss of 3dB. The electromagnetic coupling from the PA output to the LNA input and to the PA power supply is simulated using full wave EM solver HFSS and found to be higher than 60dB, indicating very good EM isolation. Each block of the FEM is individually characterized and combined using Agilent ADS to obtain the complete S-parameter performance. Both the transmitter and receiver chains have gain of 9dB.
Identification of a Conserved Region ofPlasmodium falciparumMSP3 Targeted by Biologically Active Antibodies to Improve Vaccine Design (2004)

Merozoite surface protein 3 (MSP3) is a target of antibody-dependent cellular inhibition (ADCI), a protective mechanism against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. From the C-terminal half of the molecule, 6 overlapping peptides were chosen to characterize human immune responses. Each peptide defined at least 1 non-cross-reactive B cell epitope. Distinct patterns of antibody responses, by level and IgG subclass distribution, were observed in inhabitants of a malaria-endemic area. Antibodies affinity purified toward each peptide differed in their functional capacity to mediate parasite killing in ADCI assays: 3 of 6 overlapping peptides had a major inhibitory effect on parasite growth. This result was confirmed by the passive transfer of anti-MSP3 antibodies in vivo in a P. falciparum mouse model. T helper cell epitopes were identified in each peptide. Antigenicity and functional assays identified a 70-amino acid conserved domain of MSP3 as a target of biologically active antibodies to be included in future vaccine constructs based on MSP3.
ChemInform Abstract: trans‐1,3‐Dithiane‐1,3‐dioxide, a New Chiral Acyl Anion Equivalent for the Preparation of Masked Activated Acids: Application to the Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy Acid Derivatives. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Flüssigkristalline, substituierte Octakis(dimethylsiloxy)octasilsesquioxane: oligomere, supramolekulare Materialien mit definierter Topologie (1996)

Kubische Silsesquioxane mit geeigneten Seitenketten (siehe unten; n = 4, 6, 11) ermöglichen die Strukturierung weicher Materialien mit anorganischen Zentraleinheiten. Diese Verbindungen vereinen die Materialcharakteristika von polymeren und niedermolekularen Flüssigkristallen. magnified image
Production of neoagarooligosaccharides by probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii engineered as a microbial cell factory (2021)

This is the first report on NAOS production using the probiotic yeast S. boulardii. Our results suggest that S. boulardii can be considered a microbial cell factory to produce health-beneficial substances in the human gut.
Lifetime of the 1,4-Biradical Derived from Alkyl Phenylglyoxylate Triplets:  An Estimation Using the Cyclopropylmethyl Radical Clock (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTLifetime of the 1,4-Biradical Derived from Alkyl Phenylglyoxylate Triplets: An Estimation Using the Cyclopropylmethyl Radical ClockShengkui Hu and D. C. NeckersView Author Information Center for Photochemical Sciences,1 Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 3, 755–757Publication Date (Web):February 7, 1997Publication History Received28 August 1996Published online7 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo961659jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo961659jbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views586Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Kinetic parameters,Mixtures,Photodissociation,Rearrangement Get e-Alerts
Validation of international measuring instruments in German to determine the disease-specific quality of life in patients with chronic otitis media (2021)

Introduction The outcome of middle ear surgery in patients with chronic otitis media (COM) has so far been assessed primarily by audiometric parameters. For years, disease-specific quality of life (HRQoL) has played an increasingly important role in disease assessment. Internationally, a large number of validated measuring instruments are already used to assess HRQoL in patients with COM. The“Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test” (COMOT-15) and the “Zurich chronic middle ear inventory” (ZCMEI-21) are the only validated measuring instruments available in.
Thermodynamic Study of the Transport and Epitaxial Growth of GaAs in an Open Tube (1968)

A theory based on a thermodynamic analysis is developed and compared with experimental results obtained for transport and epitaxial growth of GaAs in GaAs-AsCl 3 -H 2 system. The transport rate of source GaAs and the growth rate of epitaxial layers are discussed as a function of the hydrogen flow rate, the source and substrate temperatures, the mole ratio of Cl 2 /H 2 , the reaction time and the substrate orientation. A reasonable agreement is found between the theory and experimental results except the effect of the substrate orientation on growth rate.
Osmotic Pressure in Clinical Medicine with an Emphasis on Dialysis (2016)

Since the beginning of life of the first multicellular organisms, the preservation of a physiologic milieu for every cell in the organism has been a critical requirement. A particular range of osmolality of the body fluids is essential for the maintenance of cell volume. In humans the stability of electrolyte concentrations and their resulting osmolality in the body fluids is the consequence of complex interactions between cell membrane functions, hormonal control, thirst, and controlled kidney excretion of fluid and solutes. Knowledge of these mechanisms, of the biochemical principles of osmolality, and of the relevant situations occurring in disease is of importance to every physician. This comprehensive review summarizes the major facts on osmolality, its relation to electrolytes and other solutes, and its relevance in physiology and in disease states with a focus on dialysis-related considerations.
Robust data sharing with key-value stores (2011)

A key-value store (KVS) offers functions for storing and retrieving values associated with unique keys. KVSs have become widely used as shared storage solutions for Internet-scale distributed applications.
Three-dimensional light manipulation by plasmonic nanostructure (2012)

Nanobump structures are fabricated on the gold thin film by femtosecond laser direct writing (fs-LDW) technique. The height and diameter of the gold nanobump are about 30nm, and 400 nm, respectively. The scattering light of surface plasmon wave radiated from a nanobump is observed using a total internal reflection microscopy. A quarter-circle structure composed of nanobumps is designed and produced to manipulate scattering light into specific pattern: The focusing and diverging of the quarter circular structure in three dimensional space are demonstrated. The polarization properties of focusing spot are also examined.
Performance of Broadcast Channel Using Hierarchical Modulation in OFDM Downlink (2023)

This paper proposes a multiple code block transmission scheme using hierarchical modulation (HM) for a broadcast channel in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) downlink. We investigate the average bit error rate (BER) performance of two-layer HM using 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and three-layer HM using 64QAM in multipath Rayleigh fading channels. In multiple code block transmission using HM, the basic information bits are demodulated and decoded to all users within a cell that satisfy the bit error rate (BER) requirement. Hence, we investigate non-uniform QAM constellations to find one that suppresses the loss in the average BER of the basic information bits for HM to a low level compared to that using the original constellation in which only the basic information bits are transmitted while simultaneously minimizing the loss in the average BER of the secondary and tertiary information bits from the original constellations in which the information bits of the respective layers are transmitted alone. Based on the path loss equations in the Urban Macro and Rural Macro scenarios, we also investigate the maximum distance from a base station (BS) for the information bits of each layer to attain the required average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) that achieves the average BER of 10-3.
Effect of d-limonene, alpha-pinene and cineole on in vitro transdermal human skin penetration of chlorpromazine and haloperidol. (1996)

The aim of this research is to carry out a comparative study of the ability to cross human skin of two neuroleptic drugs: chlorpromazine (CAS 50-53-3) and haloperidol (CAS 52-86-8), in the absence and in the presence of three terpenes (cineole, d-limonene and alpha-pinene) with the purpose of considering the possibility of improving their transdermal penetration profile. Franz diffusion cells were used, in conjunction with human skin as permeation membrane. The permeation parameters calculated were permeability constant (Kp), flux (J) and lag time (Tl) in the presence and in the absence of enhancers. None of the three enhancers assayed improved the penetration profile of chlorpromazine, and d-limonene even reduced the transdermal permeability (enhancement index, EI = 0.67) since its coefficient of relative activity was reduced, (Xr = 0.73). Cineole and d-limonene increased the permeation profile of haloperidol, giving EI values of 1.95 and 4.21, respectively, and leading to a fourfold increase in the flux value for both enhancers. alpha-Pinene did not modify the permeation profile of haloperidol. None of the three terpenes assayed had a significant effect on the lag time of chlorpromazine or haloperidol. In these experimental conditions the concentration values predicted at steady state of chlorpromazine formulated without enhancers are within the therapeutic range. In contrast, therapeutic levels of haloperidol cannot be predicted in the absence of enhancers such as d-limonene or cineole.
Insights into Reactivity of Silicon Negative Electrodes: Analysis Using Isothermal Microcalorimetry (2019)

Silicon offers high theoretical capacity as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries; however, high irreversible capacity upon initial cycling and poor cycle life have limited commercial adoption. Herein, we report an operando isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) study of a model system containing lithium metal and silicon composite film electrodes during the first two cycles of (de)lithiation. The total heat flow data are analyzed in terms of polarization, entropic, and parasitic heat flow contributions to quantify and determine the onset of parasitic reactions. These parasitic reactions, which include solid-electrolyte interphase formation, contribute to electrochemical irreversibility. Cycle 1 lithiation demonstrates the highest thermal energy output at 1509 mWh/g, compared to cycle 1 delithiation and cycle 2. To complement the calorimetry, operando X-ray diffraction is used to track the phase evolution of silicon. During cycle 1 lithiation, crystalline Si undergoes transformation to amorphous lithiated silicon and ultimately to crystalline Li<sub>15</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>. The solid-state amorphization process is correlated to a decrease in entropic heat flow, suggesting that heat associated with the amorphization contributes significantly to the entropic heat flow term. This study effectively uses IMC to probe the parasitic reactions that occur during lithiation of a silicon electrode, demonstrating an approach that can be broadly applied to quantify parasitic reactions in other complex systems.
Scalable and adaptive design test system for ground-based to airborne platforms (2016)

This paper focuses on the scalable and adaptive design of building a test system to support multiple United States Air Force (USAF) systems while preserving the legacy capabilities (requirements) and initial investments (software/hardware) of those systems. From the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) Minuteman (MM) III Ground-Based Launch Control Support System (LCSS) such as the Ground Minuteman Automatic Test System (GMATS) to the ICBM MM III telemetry wafer processing effort like the Radio Frequency Test Set (RFTS) to airborne projects such as the F-16 Radar Transmitter Test System (RTTS) to the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) hardware testing for the F-16 Common Configuration Implementation Program (CCIP), each of these systems required a unique test station with specific hardware and, customized Test Executive Interface (TEI) and software programming languages to accomplish its tasks. Due to the rapid obsolescence of hardware and additional requirements from the end customers, the new replacement test system for current systems as GMATS/RFTS/RTTS/CCIP must have the adaptive capability in its hardware design, and agility, along with flexibility in its software design, to satisfy the requirements for the above systems and be architecturally scalable for other systems in the future with minimal impact to the legacy hardware interface adapters and software architecture to be cost effective, manageable and successful over the next 20+ years in a typical Department of Defense (DoD) weapon system.
Synthesis of side-chain liquid crystal polymers by living ring-opening metathesis polymerization. 3. Influence of molecular weight, interconnecting unit, and substituent on the mesomorphic behavior of polymers with laterally attached mesogens (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of side-chain liquid crystal polymers by living ring-opening metathesis polymerization. 3. Influence of molecular weight, interconnecting unit, and substituent on the mesomorphic behavior of polymers with laterally attached mesogensColeen Pugh and Richard R. SchrockCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 24, 6593–6604Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00050a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00050a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views402Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Using shape for self-assembly (2012)

A 1980 poem by Alan Mackay outlines his aspiration 'to see what all have seen but think what none have thought': a daunting task, which he accomplished not once, but several times. A 'truly myriadminded, manysided man-a veritable triacontahedron' in the words of his colleagues and friends, Alan Mackay pursued a lifelong interest in the problems of morphogenesis and form, a comprehension of which necessitated him crisscrossing the borders of the inanimate and animate world of soft and hard materials, through the integration of concepts and methods of chemistry, physics, mathematics and biology. In other words, he realized in his time a genuinely interdisciplinary approach to complex problems that still to this day remains beyond much of the academic community. Being invited to contribute a paper on the theme 'beyond crystals', we naturally wondered how Alan Mackay would think about the world of nanoscale self-assembly where so much depends on shape and form.
Molecular evidence for dual pyrethroid-receptor sites on a mosquito sodium channel (2013)

Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used as one of the most effective control measures in the global fight against agricultural arthropod pests and mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria and dengue. They exert toxic effects by altering the function of voltage-gated sodium channels, which are essential for proper electrical signaling in the nervous system. A major threat to the sustained use of pyrethroids for vector control is the emergence of mosquito resistance to pyrethroids worldwide. Here, we report the successful expression of a sodium channel, AaNa v 1–1, from Aedes aegypti in Xenopus oocytes, and the functional examination of nine sodium channel mutations that are associated with pyrethroid resistance in various Ae. aegypti and Anopheles gambiae populations around the world. Our analysis shows that five of the nine mutations reduce AaNa v 1–1 sensitivity to pyrethroids. Computer modeling and further mutational analysis revealed a surprising finding: Although two of the five confirmed mutations map to a previously proposed pyrethroid-receptor site in the house fly sodium channel, the other three mutations are mapped to a second receptor site. Discovery of this second putative receptor site provides a dual-receptor paradigm that could explain much of the molecular mechanisms of pyrethroid action and resistance as well as the high selectivity of pyrethroids on insect vs. mammalian sodium channels. Results from this study could impact future prediction and monitoring of pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes and other arthropod pests and disease vectors.
RAW Introduction and Committees (2016)

Provides a listing of current committee members and society officers.
A comparative analysis of the total syntheses of the amphidinolide T natural products (2005)

In this article we compare and contrast the strategies and tactics used in the syntheses of the amphidinolide T family of natural products that have been reported by Fürstner, Ghosh and ourselves. Similar approaches to the trisubstituted THF ring present in the targets are utilized in all of the syntheses, but each strategy showcases a different means of macrocyclization.
<title>Adaptive linear combination of weighted medians</title> (2002)

In our previous literature, we proposed a class of nonlinear filters whose output is given by a linear combination of weighted medians (LCWM) of the input sequence. We showed that, unlike the median type filters having the lowpass response, the LCWM filters consisting of weighted median subfilters can not only suppress both Gaussian noise and impulsive noise effectively, but also offer various frequency characteristics including lowpass, bandpass, and highpass responses. In an attempt to improve the performance of LCWM filters, we propose an adaptive LCWM (ALCWM) filter which consists of directional weighted median subfilters with different geometric structures. The weighting factor of each subfilter is adaptively determined using the similarity between the directional subwindow and the local geometric image features of interest. It is shown experimentally that the ALCWM filter performs better than the aforementioned filters including the median and the LCWM filters in preserving more details.