gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Simulator and Controls for a PEM Fuel Cell Power System (2008)

Controls of a PEM fuel cell stack are one of the crucial issues for securing efficient and durable operations of the stack. When the air is excessively supplied, the efficiency of the system drops. Conversely, insufficient supply of the air causes oxygen starvation at a dynamically varying load. In particular, proper cooling strategy ensures rejecting heat produced and prevents any thermal stress on thin layers of cells. Excessive cooling decreases the working temperature and consequently drops efficiency of the stack. In contrast, the thermal stress imposed by insufficient cooling may reduce the lifespan of the layers.Design of controls needs a model for the plant that sufficiently represents its dynamics. Current models available are either empirical or computationally intensive, which do not allow for analysis of a stack behavior and associated controls. The paper addresses development of a high dynamic model for a stack that is based on transport of charges, flow of fuels and byproducts taken into temperature effects. The stack is constructed with single cells composed of sandwiched multiple layers that are thermally and electrically coupled. Air is supplied by a blower, which voltage is regulated. Two representing control strategies for the air supply system are designed and compared. Heat is rejected by a thermal circuit that consists of a pump, a three-way valve, and a radiator with a fan and a reservoir. In order to control the coolant flow rate, a linear cascade and a state feedback control are designed and compared, which includes a feed-forward function that is derived from load profile. In addition, the temperature effect on air flow rate is compensated, so that a deviation of the oxygen excess ratio can be suppressed.The dynamics and performance of the designed controllers are evaluated and analyzed by simulations using dynamic fuel cell system models at a multi-step current and a current profile measured at the Federal Urban Driving Schedule. The results show that the control strategy proposed reduces not only temperature rise in the catalyst layer but also the parasitic power needed for operation of the air and coolant pumps maintaining the oxygen excess ratio set.
Fast-Track Session Establishment for {TLS} (2002)

We propose a new, &amp;quot;fast-track&amp;quot; handshake mechanism for TLS. A fast-track client caches a server&amp;apos;s public parameters and negotiated parameters in the course of an initial, enabling handshake. These parameters need not be resent on subsequent handshakes. The new mechanism reduces both network traffic and the number of round trips, and requires no additional server state. These savings are most useful in high latency environments such as wireless networks. We include a rollback mechanism to allow a server to gracefully revert to an ordinary TLS handshake when needed. Our design is fully backwards compatible: fast-track clients can interoperate with servers unaware of fast-track and vise versa. We have implemented our proposal to demonstrate the savings in network traffic and round trips.
Annealing-free, flexible silver nanowire–polymer composite electrodes via a continuous two-step spray-coating method (2012)

For the realization of high-efficiency flexible optoelectronic devices, transparent electrodes should be fabricated through a low-temperature process and have the crucial feature of low surface roughness. In this paper, we demonstrated a two-step spray-coating method for producing large-scale, smooth and flexible silver nanowire (AgNW)-poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) composite electrodes. Without the high-temperature annealing process, the conductivity of the composite film was improved via the lamination of highly conductive PEDOT:PSS modified by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Under the room temperature process condition, we fabricated the AgNW-PEDOT:PSS composite film showing an 84.3% mean optical transmittance with a 10.76 Ω sq(-1) sheet resistance. The figure of merit Φ(TC) was higher than that obtained from the indium tin oxide (ITO) films. The sheet resistance of the composite film slightly increased less than 5.3% during 200 cycles of tensile and compression folding, displaying good electromechanical flexibility for use in flexible optoelectronic applications.
Reconfigurable Antennas (2022)

In this new book, we present a collection of the advanced developments in reconfigurable antennas and metasurfaces. It begins with a review of reconfigurability technologies, and proceeds to the presentation of a series of reconfigurable antennas, UWB MIMO antennas and reconfigurable arrays. Then, reconfigurable metasurfaces are introduced and the latest advances are presented and discussed.
Methyltrioxorhenium(VII) as an Oxidation Catalyst (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Binding of Ras Oncogene Peptides to Purified HLA‐DQ(αl*0102, ß1*0602) and ‐DR(α, ß1*0101) Molecules (1994)

Mutated oncogene peptides may be presented to T cells by HLA molecules. To be able to design the optimal peptides for stimulation of T cells in individuals with different HLA molecules, it is important to analyse the binding characteristics of oncogene peptides to HLA. HLA-DQ6 (DQ(alpha 1*0102,beta 1*0602)) and HLA-DR1 (DR(alpha,beta 1*0101)) molecules were purified from lysates of homozygous EBV-transformed cell lines. Purified HLA molecules were then tested for their ability to bind synthetic peptides in gel filtration assays. A p21 ras oncogene peptide (previously found to stimulate DQ6-restricted T-cell clones) and an influenza matrix peptide were labelled with 125I and served as indicator peptides for binding to DQ6 and DR1 respectively. Binding of homologous truncated and mutated p21 ras peptides and unrelated peptides was then evaluated by their capacity to inhibit binding of the indicator peptides. p21 ras-derived peptides were found to bind to both DQ6 and DR1 molecules indicating the existence of a promiscuous binding motif in these peptides. The binding affinities seemed to vary between the different peptides, but the amino acid substitutions resulting from natural mutations were not critical for binding. Notably, the results obtained for DQ6 in the biochemical peptide binding assay correlated well with results obtained in a functional assay using T-cell clones as probes.
W-band injection locked pulsed IMPATT source (2002)

Injection locking of IMPATT oscillators is a practical approach to achieve high power sources with reasonable low noise in the mm-wave frequencies. This paper demonstrates a W-band pulsed IMPATT oscillator injection locked to a CW Gunn oscillator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
'Mutual Watch-dog Networking': Distributed Awareness of Faults and\n Critical Events in Petascale/Exascale systems (2013)

Many tile systems require techniques to be applied to increase components\nresilience and control the FIT (Failures In Time) rate. When scaling to peta-\nexa-scale systems the FIT rate may become unacceptable due to component\nnumerosity, requiring more systemic countermeasures. Thus, the ability to be\nfault aware, i.e. to detect and collect information about fault and critical\nevents, is a necessary feature that large scale distributed architectures must\nprovide in order to apply systemic fault tolerance techniques. In this context,\nthe LO|FA|MO approach is a way to obtain systemic fault awareness, by\nimplementing a mutual watchdog mechanism and guaranteeing fault detection in a\nno-single-point-of-failure fashion. This document contains specification and\nimplementation details about this approach, in the shape of a technical report.\n
Effect of Surface Orientation on Nucleate Boiling of FC-72 on Porous Graphite (2006)

Effects of orientations of porous graphite and smooth copper surfaces, measuring 10mm×10mm, on saturation nucleate boiling and critical heat flux (CHF) of FC-72 dielectric liquid and of liquid subcooling (0, 10, 20, and 30K) on nucleate boiling in the upward facing orientation are investigated. Inclination angles (θ) considered are 0deg (upward-facing), 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180deg (downward facing). The values of nucleate boiling heat flux, nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient (NBHTC), and CHF are compared with those measured on the smooth copper surface of the same dimensions and CHF values on both copper and porous graphite are compared with those reported by other investigators on the smooth surfaces and microporous coatings. Results demonstrated higher NBHTC and CHF on porous graphite, particularly in the downward-facing orientation (θ=180deg). In the upward-facing orientation, NBHTCs on both surfaces decrease with increased subcooling, but increase with increased surface superheat reaching maxima then decrease with further increase in surface superheat. In saturation boiling on copper and both saturation and subcooled boiling on porous graphite these maxima occur at or near the end of the discrete bubble region, and near CHF in subcooled boiling on copper. Maximum saturation NBHTC on porous graphite increases with decreased surface superheat and inclination angle, while that on copper increases with increased surface superheat and decreased surface inclination. At low surface superheats, saturation nucleate boiling heat flux increases with increased inclination, but decreases with increased inclination at high surface superheats, consistent with previously reported data for dielectric and nondielectric liquids. The fractional decreases in saturation CHF with increased θ on smooth copper and microporous coatings are almost identical, but markedly larger than on porous graphite, particularly in the downward-facing orientation. In this orientation, saturation CHF on porous graphite of 16W∕cm2 is much higher than on copper (4.9W∕cm2) and as much as 53% of that in the upward-facing orientation, compared to only ∼18% on copper.
Linking microstructure to transport at several length scales in conjugated polymers (Conference Presentation) (2022)

Carrier mobility in conjugated polymers continues to increase with recent reports of field-effect mobilities exceeding 10 cm2/V.s. Charge transport is intrinsically dependent on processes occurring across multiple lengthscales. In order to access order parameters at the molecular scale we use charge modulation spectroscopy combined with theory.1 This technique allows us to further differentiate field-induced and doping-induced charges and study how their delocalization depends on local structure and disorder. Furthermore, we study the mesoscale organization of polymers using new techniques in the transmission electron microscope. By combining 4D STEM2 and HRTEM we are able to study the microstructure across a range of length-scales in real space and reciprocal space. These techniques are used on homopolymers and donor-acceptor copolymers and allow to extract information about the microstructure that is typically not visible by inspection. Such multiscale studies of microstructure are instrumental in guiding our understanding of charge transport in conjugated polymers.
Hyaluronic acid conjugated nanoparticle delivery of siRNA against TWIST reduces tumor burden and enhances sensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancer (2018)

TWIST protein is critical to development and is activated in many cancers. TWIST regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and is linked to angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cell phenotype, and drug resistance. The majority of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with metastatic disease respond well to first-line chemotherapy but most relapse with disease that is both metastatic and drug resistant, leading to a five-year survival rate under 20%. We are investigating the role of TWIST in mediating these relapses. We demonstrate TWIST-siRNA (siTWIST) and a novel nanoparticle delivery platform to reverse chemoresistance in an EOC model. Hyaluronic-acid conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-HAs) carried siTWIST into target cells and led to sustained TWIST knockdown in vitro. Mice treated with siTWIST-MSN-HA and cisplatin exhibited specific tumor targeting and reduction of tumor burden. This platform has potential application for overcoming clinical challenges of tumor cell targeting, metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian and other TWIST overexpressing cancers.
van der Waals bonds in density-functional theory (2000)

The concept of implicit exchange-correlation energy functionals [optimized potential method (OPM)] is applied to the helium and neon dimers. Using the lowest order correlation functional obtained within Kohn-Sham perturbation theory we find energy surfaces in reasonable quantitative agreement with the exact results, thus demonstrating that the OPM allows a seamless description of van der Waals bond systems.
Development of cellobiose-degrading ability in Yarrowia lipolytica strain by overexpression of endogenous genes (2015)

We conclude that the bi-functional Y. lipolytica developed in the current study represents a vital step towards the creation of a cellulolytic yeast strain that can be used for lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass. When used in combination with commercial cellulolytic cocktails, this strain will no doubt reduce enzyme requirements and thus costs.
Phase synchronization: from theory to data analysis (2003)

Synchronization of coupled oscillating systems means appearance of certain relations between their phases and frequencies. Here we use this concept in order to address the inverse problem and to reveal interaction between systems from experimental data. We discuss how the phases and frequencies can be estimated from time series and present techniques for detection and quantification of synchronization. We apply our approach to human posture control data of healthy subjects and neurological patients, to multichannel magnetoencephalography data and records of muscle activity of a Parkinsonian patient, and also use it to analyse the cardiorespiratory interaction in humans. By means of these examples we demonstrate that our method is effective for the analysis of systems interrelation from noisy nonstationary bivariate data and provides other information than traditional correlation (spectral) techniques. Preprint submitted to Elsevier Preprint 7 December 1999 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1...
Hydrophobic surfaces for enhanced differentiation of embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies (2008)

With their unique ability to differentiate into all cell types, embryonic stem (ES) cells hold great therapeutic promise. To improve the efficiency of embryoid body (EB)-mediated ES cell differentiation, we studied murine EBs on the basis of their size and found that EBs with an intermediate size (diameter 100-300 microm) are the most proliferative, hold the greatest differentiation potential, and have the lowest rate of cell death. In an attempt to promote the formation of this subpopulation, we surveyed several biocompatible substrates with different surface chemical parameters and identified a strong correlation between hydrophobicity and EB development. Using self-assembled monolayers of various lengths of alkanethiolates on gold substrates, we directly tested this correlation and found that surfaces that exhibit increasing hydrophobicity enrich for the intermediate-size EBs. When this approach was applied to the human ES cell system, similar phenomena were observed. Our data demonstrate that hydrophobic surfaces serve as a platform to deliver uniform EB populations and may significantly improve the efficiency of ES cell differentiation.
Side‐chain anchoring strategy for solid‐phase synthesis of peptide acids with C‐terminal cysteine (2003)

Many naturally occurring peptide acids, e.g., somatostatins, conotoxins, and defensins, contain a cysteine residue at the C-terminus. Furthermore, installation of C-terminal cysteine onto epitopic peptide sequences as a preliminary to conjugating such structures to carrier proteins is a valuable tactic for antibody preparation. Anchoring of N(alpha)-Fmoc, S-protected C-terminal cysteine as an ester onto the support for solid-phase peptide synthesis is known to sometimes occur in low yields, has attendant risks of racemization, and may also result in conversion to a C-terminal 3-(1-piperidinyl)alanine residue as the peptide chain grows by Fmoc chemistry. These problems are documented for several current strategies, but can be circumvented by the title anchoring strategy, which features the following: (a). conversion of the eventual C-terminal cysteine residue, with Fmoc for N(alpha)-amino protection and tert-butyl for C(alpha)-carboxyl protection, to a corresponding S-xanthenyl ((2)XAL(4)) preformed handle derivative; and (b). attachment of the resultant preformed handle to amino-containing supports. This approach uses key intermediates that are similar to previously reported Fmoc-XAL handles, and builds on earlier experience with Xan and related protection for cysteine. Implementation of this strategy is documented here with syntheses of three small model peptides, as well as the tetradecapeptide somatostatin. Anchoring occurs without racemization, and the absence of 3-(1-piperidinyl)alanine formation is inferred by retention of chains on the support throughout the cycles of Fmoc chemistry. Fully deprotected peptides, including free sulfhydryl peptides, are released from the support in excellent yield by using cocktails containing a high concentration (i.e., 80-90%) of TFA plus appropriate thiols or silanes as scavengers. High-yield release of partially protected peptides is achieved by treatment with cocktails containing a low concentration (i.e., 1-5%) of TFA. In peptides with two cysteine residues, the corresponding intramolecular disulfide-bridged peptide is obtained by either (a). oxidation, in solution, of the dithiol product released by acid; (b). simultaneous acidolytic cleavage and disulfide formation, achieved by addition of the mild oxidant DMSO to the cleavage cocktail; or (c). concomitant cleavage/cooxidation (involving a downstream S-Xan protected cysteine), using reagents such as iodine or thallium tris(trifluoroacetate) in acetic acid.
Retirement Transition in the Digital Ecology: Reflecting on Identity Reconstruction and Technology Appropriation (2017)

This paper describes a qualitative study of retirees' social and personal practices via digital music technologies in the context of community music. We conducted a diary study, and interviewed retired community musicians who are experiencing transition to retirement. Amongst challenges due to ageing and retirement, retirees participating in community music often experience discontinuity of identity caused by the lack of social and personal support after retirement, and also report lack of interest in using new technologies. Life transition theory was used to understand retirees' perception and strategies of identity navigation, informing the design of community-oriented online music services. We deepened our understanding of retirement transitions with technologies by showing how retirees participating in community music make sense of new rules and norms after retirement. A key finding is that retirees reconstruct identities by connecting with music communities, through which they can develop an understanding of unfamiliar patterns of the retired life, and gain support musically and socially. Technologies act as 'boundary objects' for communication between digital and physical artefacts, personal and social relationships. We highlight the importance of managing artefactual and interpersonal boundaries when designing online services for individual and communities in transitions.
Long‐lasting cluster of nosocomial pneumonia with a single Pneumocystis jirovecii genotype involving different organ allograft recipients (2020)

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) outbreaks may occur in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. Transmissibility of Pneumocystis jirovecii among SOT and non-SOT patients has not been investigated. Ten SOT (ie, 4 heart, 4 kidney, 2 liver allograft recipients) and 11 non-SOT (ie, 7 HIV-infected, 3 hematologic malignancies, and 1 stem cell transplant) patients with PCP were admitted to London Health Sciences Center (LHSC) from October 2014 to August 2016. We investigated the course of illness and outcome of PCP in SOT and non-SOT patients. Post-transplant PCP was frequently an acute-onset disease (90% vs. 18.2%, p = .01) requiring ICU admission (70% vs. 20%, p = .03) and hemodialysis (60% vs. 0, p = .003). Mortality was more frequent in SOT patients (40% vs. 18.1%, p = .36). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) demonstrated circulation of a single genotype of P. jirovecii among SOT patients. However, 8 different genotypes were detected from non-SOT patients. Reinstitution of prophylaxis successfully controlled post-transplant cluster until end of observation period in October 2019. No transmission was detected from non-SOT patients to SOT recipients. Detection of a single P. jirovecii genotype from all SOT recipients highlights the likelihood of nosocomial transmission. No source control method is recommended by current guidelines. Improvement of preventive strategies is required.
OPLAH ablation leads to accumulation of 5-oxoproline, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and elevated fillings pressures: a murine model for heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (2018)

Oxidative stress induced by 5-oxoproline results in a murine phenotype reminiscent of the clinical manifestation of HFpEF without the need for surgical or pharmacological interference. Better understanding of the role of oxidative stress in HFpEF may potentially lead to novel therapeutic options.
Joint α-Fair Allocation of RAN and Computing Resources to Vehicular Users with URLLC Traffic (2023)

5G networks have emerged as the only viable solution to render a satisfying level of performance to different types of services, each of them with very stringent traffic requirements. One of those services are Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC). A use case where these services are especially sensitive are vehicular networks. Therefore, in order to satisfy their traffic requirements, adequate resource allocation schemes should be devised. However, the time-varying nature of the channel conditions in wireless networks renders this process challenging. In this paper, we consider the problem of jointly allocating Radio Access Network (RAN) resources and computing resources (to process the data from vehicles) such that all the traffic requirements of individual users are met and the utility is maximized for different types of fairness. We formulate an optimization problem for the general case of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\alpha$</tex> -fairness, explore its characteristics, and consider in more detail the opposite sides of fairness; the case of no fairness provided <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(\alpha=0)$</tex> and the max-min fair allocation <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(\alpha\rightarrow\infty)$</tex> . For each of these problems, we propose polynomial-time assignment heuristics. Using data from real traces, we show that the performance achieved with our approaches is not more than 1% away from the optimum.