gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A systematic approach for modeling and identification of eddy current dampers in rotordynamic applications (2016)

Eddy current dampers (ECDs) exploit Lorentz forces due to the induced eddy currents in a conductor subject to a time-varying magnetic field. ECDs can be used to introduce damping in rotordynamic applications without mechanical contact to the rotor, thus introducing negligible impact on the dynamic response of the whole system. They are suitable for applications where contactless support of a rotor is required, thus being a perfect match for passive magnetic bearings such as permanent magnet bearings and superconducting bearings. However, modeling and identification of the amount of damping induced by ECDs is a difficult task due to complicated geometry and working conditions. A novel and systematic approach for modeling and identification of the damping characteristics of ECDs in rotordynamic applications is proposed in the present paper. The proposed approach employs an analytical dynamic model of the ECD and curve fitting with results of finite element (FE) models to obtain the parameters characterizing the ECD's mechanical impedance. The damping coefficient can be obtained with great accuracy from a single FE simulation in quasi-static conditions. Finally, the accuracy of the identification approach is verified by comparing the results with experimental tests. The validity of this approach is in the cases where ECDs employ an axisymmetric conductor, thus covering most cases in rotordynamic applications
Defining hierarchical protein interaction networks from spectral analysis of bacterial proteomes (2021)

Abstract Cellular phenotypes emerge from a hierarchy of molecular interactions: proteins interact to form complexes, pathways, and phenotypes. We show that hierarchical networks of protein interactions can be extracted from the statistical pattern of proteome variation as measured across thousands of bacteria and that these hierarchies reflect the emergence of complex bacterial phenotypes. We describe the mathematics underlying our statistical approach and validate our results through gene-set enrichment analysis and comparison to existing experimentally-derived hierarchical databases. We demonstrate the biological utility of our unbiased hierarchical models by creating a model of motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and using it to discover a previously unappreciated genetic effector of twitch-based motility. Overall, our approach, SCALES (Spectral Correlation Analysis of Layered Evolutionary Signals), predicts hierarchies of protein interaction networks describing emergent biological function using only the statistical pattern of bacterial proteome variation.
Modeling cell processing hardware with action diagrams (1994)

In this paper we address the behavioral modeling of cell processing hardware (e.g., packet/ATM switching systems). We propose a modeling methodology, Action Diagrams, in which the timing and protocol aspects are specified in a nearly "orthogonal" way to the data manipulation aspects, while maintaining the links between the two. We show the novel aspects of this specification paradigm and we illustrate its use on cell processing applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Avoiding high‐risk rotator cuff loading: Muscle force during three pull‐up techniques (2020)

Heavily loaded overhead training tasks, such as pull-ups are an effective strength training and rehabilitation exercise requiring high muscle forces maintained over a large range of motion. This study used experiments and computational modeling to examine loading patterns during three different pull-up variants and highlighted risks to vulnerable musculoskeletal structures. Optical motion tracking and a force platform captured kinematics and kinetics of 11 male subjects with no history of shoulder pathology, during performance of three pull-up variants-pronated front grip, pronated wide grip, and supinated reverse grip. UK National Shoulder model (UKNSM) simulated biomechanics of the shoulder girdle. Muscle forces and activation patterns were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc comparisons. Motor group recruitment was similar across all pull-up techniques, with upper limb depression occurring secondary to torso elevation. Stress-time profiles show significant differences in individual muscle patterns among the three pull-up variants, with the most marked differences between wide grip and reverse grip. Comparing across techniques, latissimus dorsi was relatively more active in wide pull-ups (P < .01); front pull-ups favored activation of biceps brachii and brachialis (P < .02); reverse pull-ups displayed higher proportional rotator cuff activation (P < .01). Pull-ups promote stability of the shoulder girdle and activation of scapula stabilizers and performing pull-ups over their full range of motion is important as different techniques and phases emphasize different muscles. Shoulder rehabilitation and strength & conditioning programs should encourage incorporation of all three pull-up variants with systematic progression to provide greater global strengthening of the torso and upper limb musculature.
Antenna-coupled millimeter-wave electro-optic modulators for 20 to 100 GHz (2002)

Coupling the signal to the electrodes of an integrated electro-optical modulator with an array of antennas is used to velocity-match the modulation and optical waves, greatly extending-the length-to-modulation frequency product of the modulator. In addition, antenna coupling eliminates the parasitic elements associated with coax connectors, matching transformers and bond wires. This paper summarizes the results obtained to date with this technique at 20 to 100 GHz, with phase modulators, Mach-Zehnder modulators, and delta-beta directional coupler modulators.
Dual-Source Coevaporation of Low-Bandgap FA1–xCsxSn1–yPbyI3 Perovskites for Photovoltaics (2019)

Perovskite halides are well-suited to monolithic multijunction photovoltaics, promising low-cost solar-to-electrical power conversion. Critical to all-perovskite multijunction fabrication is the deposition of a low-bandgap absorber without damaging other device layers. Vapor deposition is thus an attractive method, obviating the need for optically lossy protective interlayers, but is challenging for multicomponent perovskites. Here, we demonstrate a method to dual-source coevaporate low-bandgap perovskite films and devices. We used mixtures formed by melting of metal halides as a single-crucible source of Cs, Pb, and Sn cations. Surprisingly, when this melt was coevaporated with formamidinium iodide (FAI), uniform and dense perovskite films in the family FA1–xCsxSn1–yPbyI3 were formed. Inclusion of SnF2 in the melt helped to regulate the perovskite's optoelectronic quality, leading to a steady-state power conversion efficiency of ∼10% in a solar cell. This represents a new processing paradigm for evaporated perovskite alloys, which is an important step toward all-perovskite multijunction photovoltaics.
Predictive Modeling of InGaP/GaAs HBT Noise Parameters from DC and S- Parameter Data for Wireless Power Amplifier Design (2003)

this paper, a new modeling approach for biomass furnaces is presented. A flamelet model is applied for the prediction of combustion and NOx emissions in a pilot-scale low-NOx biomass grate furnace. The model describes the combustion chemistry using premixed flamelets. The chemical system is mapped on three control variablesthe mixture fraction, enthalpy, and a reaction progress variableby means of the flamelet-generated manifold chemical reduction technique (FGM). The density and source terms are tabulated as functions of the control variables in a preprocessing step to speed up the numerical calculations. The turbulence-chemistry interaction is described by an assumed shape probability density function (PDF) approach. Generally, transport equations are solved for mean and variance of mixture fraction, mean progress variable, and the mean enthalpy. The FGM-PDF model is first validated for a diffusion flame: Sandia Flame D. Good agreement of predictions with measurements is found. The model is then applied to a 2D cross section of a biomass combustion grate furnace. FGM-PDF is compared with the standard eddy dissipation concept model (EDC). The predictions of the two models are similar. The FGM-PDF model reduces the calculation time with GRI-Mech2.11 reaction mechanism from weeks to hours, when compared to EDC. Furthermore, in FGM-PDF more physics can be taken into account thanks to the integration of flamelets in the turbulence-chemistry interaction.
Principle in developing novel fluorinated sulfone electrolyte for high voltage lithium-ion batteries (2021)

A “golden middle way” in designing and synthesizing new electrolyte solvents was introduced.
Optimal Brain Surgeon: Extensions and performance comparisons (1993)

We extend Optimal Brain Surgeon (OBS) - a second-order method for pruning networks - to allow for general error measures, and explore a reduced computational and storage implementation via a dominant eigenspace decomposition. Simulations on nonlinear, noisy pattern classification problems reveal that OBS does lead to improved generalization, and performs favorably in comparison with Optimal Brain Damage (OBD). We find that the required retraining steps in OBD may lead to inferior generalization, a result that can be interpreted as due to injecting noise back into the system. A common technique is to stop training of a large network at the minimum validation error. We found that the test error could be reduced even further by means of OBS (but not OBD) pruning. Our results justify the t → 0 approximation used in OBS and indicate why retraining in a highly pruned network may lead to inferior performance.
Validation of the Mayo Periprosthetic Joint Infection Risk Score for Total Ankle Arthroplasty (2022)

Category: Ankle; Other Introduction/Purpose: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of arthroplasty. The well known PJI risk factors are useful for identifying high-risk patients but would be even more helpful for clinical decision-making if they are converted to a risk assessment scores. The Mayo Prosthetic Joint Infection Risk Score was based on the data of total hip and knee arthroplasty and has not been validated for application for total ankle arthroplasty. Methods: A series of 398 consecutive cases of total ankle arthroplasty, with minimal follow-up of 6 months, was reviewed for Mayo Periprosthetic Joint Infection Risk Score (Mayo score) and PJI. The patients' Mayo scores and PJI was examined by logistic regression. T-test was performed to compare the Mayo score between the non-infected TAA cases and infected cases. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) was used to identify the critical value of Mayo score for total ankle arthroplasty. Results: There were 12 cases of PJI or 3.0% in the series. Of the 398 patients, the Mayo scores were in the range from -4 to 13 (median 2; interquartile range (IQR) 0-4). Preliminary analysis showed that, by logistic regression, the probability of PJI was increased as increases of the Mayo scores (Fig A). The mean Mayo score of the PJI patients (8.6+-1.8) was significantly greater than the rest of the patients (mean Mayo score 1.9+-3.4; p &lt; .0001). ROC analysis showed that, when a Mayo score was greater than 5, the patient has a high probability of PJI (sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 86.9%; Fig B). Conclusion: This study showed a high correlation between the Mayo score and PJI in total ankle arthroplasty, which is the same trend as in total knee and hip arthroplasty. The preliminary results suggest that strategically focusing on the patients, who have a Mayo score &gt; 5, could be a more efficient approach to prevent PJI after total ankle arthroplasty.
Power aware design of an elliptic curve coprocessor for 8 bit platforms (2006)

Public key cryptography is widely considered as the best building block for key exchange; different public key algorithms are standardized and used in many applications. Among them, ECC (elliptic curve cryptography) is considered the best solution in terms of security, computational requirements and storage need for secret and public keys. Energy consumption is among the main constraints to be considered in wireless sensor networks. In the case of sensor networks, the typical approaches of minimizing latency via a complete hardware coprocessor or reducing area overhead via an efficient implementation of finite field operations might not provide the best solution. In this paper a coprocessor for minimizing both additional resources and power consumption is presented for elliptic curve over binary extension fields. The costs and performances of such new coprocessors are compared with known results, showing that space exists for the reduction of energy consumption without degrading the other performance figures
Heparin Is Required for Cell-Free Binding of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor to a Soluble Receptor and for Mitogenesis in Whole Cells (1992)

Heparin is required for the binding of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to high-affinity receptors on cells deficient in cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan. So that this heparin requirement could be evaluated in the absence of other cell surface molecules, we designed a simple assay based on a genetically engineered soluble form of murine FGF receptor 1 (mFR1) tagged with placental alkaline phosphatase. Using this assay, we showed that FGF-receptor binding has an absolute requirement for heparin. By using a cytokine-dependent lymphoid cell line engineered to express mFR1, we also showed that FGF-induced mitogenic activity is heparin dependent. Furthermore, we tested a series of small heparin oligosaccharides of defined lengths for their abilities to support bFGF-receptor binding and biologic activity. We found that a heparin oligosaccharide with as few as eight sugar residues is sufficient to support these activities. We also demonstrated that heparin facilitates FGF dimerization, a property that may be important for receptor activation.
Extensive allelic variation in Cryptococcus neoformans (1992)

The orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase (OMPPase) gene locus of the DNA of 13 Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans strains, including 10 recent clinical isolates, was studied by using restriction fragment length polymorphisms and nucleotide sequence analysis. The OMPPase locus (URA5) is highly polymorphic, and at least six alleles were identified. The nucleotide sequences of some alleles differed by up to 5%. The majority of the nucleotide polymorphisms in the protein-coding region occurred at the third codon position and were silent. The low frequency of replacement nucleotide substitutions relative to silent nucleotide substitutions implied that there is strong selection against amino acid changes in OMPPase. The allelic variation suggested that there is extensive genomic diversity among C. neoformans clinical isolates from one geographic area. The various alleles are potentially useful markers in the study of the population structure, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of C. neoformans strains.
PR and BARC Wet Strip in BEOL Patterning Using a UV-Enabled Aqueous Process (2011)

Conventional plasma strip processes are prone to cause damage to advanced porous low-k materials. Therefore, all-wet processes are gaining a renewed interest for the removal of post-etch photoresist (PR) and Bottom Anti Reflective Coating (BARC) in Back-End-of-Line (BEOL) semiconductor manufacturing. A two step process with a UV pre-treatment and an ozonated strip process is considered. The UV pre-treatment under O2 at high temperature enhances PR and BARC removal. With a subsequent fully aqueous ozone wet strip, complete removal is feasible.
Cavitation Enhanced Heat Transfer in Microchannels (2006)

Heat transfer has been investigated in the presence of hydrodynamic cavitation instigated by 20-μm wide inlet micro-orifices entrenched inside 227-μm hydraulic diameter microchannels. Average surface temperatures, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops have been obtained over effective heat fluxes ranging from 39 to 558W∕cm2 at mass flux of 1814kg∕m2s under noncavitating and three cavitating conditions. Significant heat transfer enhancement has been recorded during supercavitating flow conditions in comparison to noncavitating flows with minimal pressure drop penalty. Once supercavitating conditions were reached, no apparent heat transfer augmentation was detected with the reduction of the cavitation index. Visualization of the flow morphology and the heat transfer coefficient characteristics aided in the evaluation of the dominant heat transfer mechanism under various thermal-hydraulic conditions.
E-008 Patient Outcomes Following Treatment of High Flow Vascular Lesions of the Anterior Cranial Fossa and Orbit (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High flow vascular lesions of the anterior cranial fossa and orbit (HFVL) include arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulae located within the orbit, periorbital region, ethmoid sinuses, the anteroinferior frontal lobes, or within the dura of the anterior cranial fossa. Rupture of HFVL may result in intracranial hemorrhage, so these lesions typically undergo treatment even when discovered for other reasons. HFVL may be treated by trans-arterial endovascular embolization, surgical ligation, radiosurgery, or a combination of these approaches, but the most optimal treatment is not well defined. We determined patient outcomes and HFVL obliteration after treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed all patients referred for diagnostic angiography or endovascular embolization of HFVL at our neurovascular referral center over an 8 year period. Patient demographic, treatment, and outcome data were deterred from the medical record. DSA, CT, and MRI studies were reviewed for HFVL characteristics and obliteration after treatment. <h3>Results</h3> HFVL were identified in 11 patients (five females and six males) ranging in age from 8 to 76 years (mean 53 years). Presenting symptoms included headaches (nine patients; 82%), visual symptoms (five patients; 45%), intracranial hemorrhage (two patients; 18%), tinnitus (one patient; 9%), or no symptoms (one patient; 9%). Nine patients (81%) had medical comorbidities, but none had a hypercoagulable disorder or prior trauma. The HFVL were comprised of seven dural arteriovenous fistulae (64%) and four arteriovenous malformations (36%). The ophthalmic artery was the dominant feeding vessel in 10 patients (91%). 10 patients (91%) were treated, including embolization via the ophthalmic artery (four patients; 36%), embolization followed by surgical ligation (3 patients; 27%), embolization followed by radiosurgery (one patient; 9%), surgical ligation alone (one patient; 9%), or radiosurgery alone (one patient; 9%). Endovascular embolization was performed with Onyx (six patients; 75%) or n-BCA (two patients; 25%) HFVL cure was achieved in six patients (55%), including three patients treated by embolization alone, two treated by embolization and surgical ligation, and one by surgery alone. One patient treated by embolization alone developed a post-treatment partial visual deficit, but there were no other complications related to treatment. No patient deaths occurred. <h3>Conclusions</h3> HFVL are uncommon lesions that are challenging to treat. Endovascular embolization alone or in combination with surgery results in HFVL obliteration in 50% of patients with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies should determine whether radiosurgery alone or in combination with endovascular embolization results in high rates of HFVL cure. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>A. Moraff:</b> None. <b>R. Dodd:</b> None. <b>M. Marks:</b> None. <b>H. Do:</b> None. <b>G. Steinberg:</b> None. <b>S. Chang:</b> None. <b>J. Heit:</b> None.
Minimizing Acoustic Environmental Impact of Marine Seismic Exploration (2018)

Abstract Marine seismic exploration involves the use of airgun source arrays for emitting sound energy into the earth. In this paper, we discuss the benefits of using a new airgun design in marine seismic exploration, by way of the reduction in risk of potential injury to marine mammals. This minimizes the potential impact of marine seismic exploration to sea life without affecting the quality of the final seismic image produced.
Opportunistic Downlink Transmission With Limited Feedback (2007)

Opportunistic scheduling provides attractive sum-rate capacities in a multiuser network when the base-station has transmit-side channel state information (CSI), which is often estimated at the mobiles and provided to the base station via a feedback channel. This correspondence investigates opportunistic methods in the presence of limited feedback. For flat Rayleigh-fading channels, strategies with only one-bit feedback per user are demonstrated that capture the double-logarithmic capacity growth (with number of users) of full-CSI systems. Furthermore, for a given system configuration, it is shown that if the one-bit feedback is chosen judiciously, there is little to be gained by increasing the feedback rate. Our results provide optimal methods of calculating the one-bit feedback, as well as expressions for the sum-rate capacity in the one-bit feedback regime. It is shown that one may achieve proportional fairness of scheduling in this regime with no loss of throughput. For OFDM multiuser systems, the motivation for limited feedback is even more pronounced. An extension of the one-bit technique is presented for subchannel/user selection under both correlated and uncorrelated subchannel conditions, and optimal growth in capacity is demonstrated.
Mono- and binuclear palladacycles via regioselective C–H bond activation: syntheses, mechanistic insights and catalytic activity in direct arylation of azoles (2015)

Hybrid “POCN”-ligated mono- and binuclear palladacycles have been synthesized <italic>via</italic> the base-assisted regioselective C–H bond activation, and their mechanistic aspects and catalytic application for the arylation of azoles have been described.
Learning Power Spectrum Maps From Quantized Power Measurements (2017)

Power spectral density (PSD) maps providing the distribution of RF power across space and frequency are constructed using power measurements collected by a network of low-cost sensors. By introducing linear compression and quantization to a small number of bits, sensor measurements can be communicated to the fusion center with minimal bandwidth requirements. Strengths of data- and model-driven approaches are combined to develop estimators capable of incorporating multiple forms of spectral and propagation prior information while fitting the rapid variations of shadow fading across space. To this end, novel nonparametric and semiparametric formulations are investigated. It is shown that PSD maps can be obtained using support vector machine-type solvers. In addition to batch approaches, an online algorithm attuned to real-time operation is developed. Numerical tests assess the performance of the novel algorithms.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral, Nonracemic Dialkyl‐α‐, β‐, and γ‐Hydroxyalkylphosphonates via a Catalyzed Enantioselective Catecholborane Reduction. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.