gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Dihydroxylation Route to a Dipeptide Isostere of a Protease Inhibitor: Enantioselective Synthesis of the Core Unit of Ritonavir. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluation of actual retinal images produced by misaligned aspheric intraocular lenses in&nbsp;a&nbsp;model eye (2014)

Coma aberration was generated by IOLs with a large degree of spherical aberration correction, leading to reduced retinal image quality when the IOL was misaligned. This suggests that, in a clinical setting, the quality of vision might be improved by reducing the degree of coma aberration using IOLs that retain, or minimally correct, spherical aberration.
TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHAOS IN EQUIVARIANT ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS (1996)

Chaotic oscillations in an electronic circuit are studied by recording two time series simultaneously. The chaotic dynamics is characterized by using topological analysis. A comparison with two models is also discussed. Some prescriptions are given in order to take into account the symmetry properties of the experimental system to perform the topological analysis.
Development of a novel thermal compression flip chip bonding with pre-applied NCF underfill (2012)

In order to overcome problems associated with thermal compression flip chip bonding with post-applied liquid underfill, we have developed a novel process with pre-applied Non Conductive Film (NCF) underfill. This paper describes failure modes in post-applied liquid underfill and the development of the novel NCF process which has several advantages for IC-package assembly. Along with Au bump, this process is applicable to Sn/Ag capped Cu-pillar with ideal electrical connections and high reliability performance.
Surveillance for Antibodies to Leishmania spp. in Dogs from Sri Lanka (2010)

The global distribution of leishmaniasis is rapidly expanding into new geographic regions. Dogs are the primary reservoir hosts for human visceral leishmaniasis caused by infection with Leishmania infantum. Natural infections with other Leishmania spp. can occur in dogs, but their role as reservoir hosts for other species of Leishmania is uncertain. Leishmania donovani is traditionally considered a visceralizing anthroponotic species; however, cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani has been reported in Sri Lanka. In the present study, sera from 114 dogs in Sri Lanka were examined for antibodies to visceralizing Leishmania spp. Sera were tested by the canine immunochromatographic strip assays based on recombinant K39 antigen. Anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies were detectable in 1 of 114 (0.9%) dogs from Sri Lanka. Nonetheless, serological evidence suggests that leishmaniasis may be an emerging zoonosis in Sri Lanka.
Watson Concept Insights (2016)

Watson Concept Insights (WCI) is a service that was recently made publicly available by IBM. WCI provides an information retrieval framework that is designed to facilitate search and exploration of text documents, and is particularly effective on sparse data sets. Its methodology consists of first defining a dictionary of concepts which are interconnected in a concept graph and then modeling a document by predicting its relevance to any given concept in the concept graph using the concepts that are directly mentioned in the document itself. This technique in effect increases the document recall for any given query, even for very sparse data sets, exposing the user to a variety of connections between their query and a data set of interest.
An InN/InGaN Quantum Dot Electrochemical Biosensor for Clinical Diagnosis (2013)

Low-dimensional InN/InGaN quantum dots (QDs) are demonstrated for realizing highly sensitive and efficient potentiometric biosensors owing to their unique electronic properties. The InN QDs are biochemically functionalized. The fabricated biosensor exhibits high sensitivity of 97 mV/decade with fast output response within two seconds for the detection of cholesterol in the logarithmic concentration range of 1 × 10⁻⁶ M to 1 × 10⁻³ M. The selectivity and reusability of the biosensor are excellent and it shows negligible response to common interferents such as uric acid and ascorbic acid. We also compare the biosensing properties of the InN QDs with those of an InN thin film having the same surface properties, i.e., high density of surface donor states, but different morphology and electronic properties. The sensitivity of the InN QDs-based biosensor is twice that of the InN thin film-based biosensor, the EMF is three times larger, and the response time is five times shorter. A bare InGaN layer does not produce a stable response. Hence, the superior biosensing properties of the InN QDs are governed by their unique surface properties together with the zero-dimensional electronic properties. Altogether, the InN QDs-based biosensor reveals great potential for clinical diagnosis applications.
Titrating T‐Cell Epitopes within Self‐Assembled Vaccines Optimizes CD4+ Helper T Cell and Antibody Outputs (2014)

Epitope content plays a critical role in determining T-cell and antibody responses to vaccines, biomaterials, and protein therapeutics, but its effects are nonlinear and difficult to isolate. Here, molecular self-assembly is used to build a vaccine with precise control over epitope content, in order to finely tune the magnitude and phenotype of T helper and antibody responses. Self-adjuvanting peptide nanofibers are formed by co-assembling a high-affinity universal CD4+ T-cell epitope (PADRE) and a B-cell epitope from Staphylococcus aureus at specifiable concentrations. Increasing the PADRE concentration from micromolar to millimolar elicited bell-shaped dose-responses that are unique to different T-cell populations. Notably, the epitope ratios that maximize T follicular helper and antibody responses differed by an order of magnitude from those that maximized Th1 or Th2 responses. Thus, modular materials assembly provides a means of controlling epitope content and efficiently skewing the adaptive immune response in the absence of exogenous adjuvant; this approach may contribute to the development of improved vaccines and immunotherapies.
Bcl-2 Sustains Increased Mucous and Epithelial Cell Numbers in Metaplastic Airway Epithelium (2021)

Bcl-2, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is expressed in LPS-induced metaplastic goblet cells of rat airways. The present study investigated expression of Bcl-2 in airway mucous cells of persons with cystic fibrosis and tested in rats and mice whether its expression is responsible for sustaining metaplastic mucous cells. A significantly higher percentage of mucous cells expressed Bcl-2 in humans with cystic fibrosis compared with control subjects with no disease or subjects with other diseases. In LPS-instilled F344/N rats, the percentage of Bcl-2-positive mucous cells was decreased to background levels before the resolution of goblet cell metaplasia. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of rats with antisense oligonucleotides significantly reduced Bcl-2 expression and goblet cell metaplasia in nasal and pulmonary airway epithelia in rats. In contrast, sustained expression of Bcl-2 in transgenic mice by a metallothionein promoter caused increased LPS-induced goblet cell metaplasia over 8 days compared with wild-type mice. These studies demonstrate that Bcl-2 expression sustains goblet cell metaplasia in various species, that epithelial cell numbers are directly linked to the regulation of the numbers of goblet cells, and that downregulating Bcl-2 expression reduces goblet cell metaplasia.
2109 A Comparative Study of Servo-Writing Accuracy to HDDs (2005)

The accuracy of reference position signals in hard disk drives is discussed. Servo patterns, which are used for reference position signals, are written by a manufacturing-equipment called servo track writer (STW). Recently, various methods for STWs are investigated to achieve narrower track widths and more accurate track shapes. One method is based on semi-closed head-positioning control, and another is on full-closed one. In this paper, positioning disturbances caused by disk flutter are modeled in order to analyze writing accuracies with bank-write method. In bank write condition, vector locus diagram is useful to evaluate servo pattern accuracies, especially, by the STWs based on full-closed head-positioning control.
Exploring the complexities associated with full-scale wind plant wake mitigation control experiments (2020)

Abstract. Recent research promotes implementing next-generation wind plant control methods to mitigate turbine-to-turbine wake effects. Numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiments have previously demonstrated the potential benefit of wind plant control for wind plant optimization, but full-scale validation of the wake-mitigating control strategies remains limited. As part of this study, the yaw and blade pitch of a utility-scale wind turbine were strategically modified for a limited time period to examine wind turbine wake response to first-order turbine control changes. Wind turbine wake response was measured using Texas Tech University's Ka-band Doppler radars and dual-Doppler scanning strategies. Results highlight some of the complexities associated with executing and analyzing wind plant control at full scale using brief experimental control periods. Some difficulties include (1) the ability to accurately implement the desired control changes, (2) identifying reliable data sources and methods to allow these control changes to be accurately quantified, and (3) attributing variations in wake structure to turbine control changes rather than a response to the underlying atmospheric conditions (e.g., boundary layer streak orientation, atmospheric stability). To better understand wake sensitivity to the underlying atmospheric conditions, wake evolution within the early-evening transition was also examined using a single-Doppler data collection approach. Analysis of both wake length and meandering during this period of transitioning atmospheric stability indicates the potential benefit and feasibility of wind plant control should be enhanced when the atmosphere is stable.
Fabrication of patterned recording medium using ion beam proximity lithography (2007)

We describe the lithographic structuring of large-area patterned medium samples with sub-50 nm features using ion beam proximity lithography (IBPL). The quality of the patterns formed in IBPL system is primarily limited by the quality of the stencil masks. Hence, the emphasis of this work has been to develop a reliable mask fabrication process that can achieve a size uniformity that is suitable for patterned media. We have developed a mask fabrication approach that incorporates palladium as a hard mask for transferring the lithography pattern through a silicon nitride membrane. A conformal gold coating allows for further reduction of the mask features without a significant increase in the feature size variation. An average standard deviation of 3 nm and 5 nm was measured during various steps of the stencil mask fabrication and after printing using IBPL in PMMA resist, respectively. Patterned medium prototypes with features ranging from 40 nm to 300 nm have been fabricated and magnetic properties measured. A 6-12 fold increase in coercivity was measured for multilayer samples after patterning. Ion irradiation of patterned multilayer samples was also studied as a means to control magnetic anisotropy as well as to evaluate possible ion irradiation damage involved in ion-beam proximity lithography patterning. Patterned multilayer samples show a decrease in coercivity from 11 kOe for as-patterned to 0.3 kOe for 800 muC/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and suggests that ion irradiation can be an integral part of bit patterned medium fabrication for anisotropy control.
Disparities in Outcomes Among Patients Diagnosed With Cancer in Proximity to an Emergency Department Visit (2022)

Abstract A suspected diagnosis of cancer in the emergency department (ED) may be associated with poor outcomes, related to health disparities, however data are limited. This study is a case-control analysis of the Indiana State Department of Health Cancer Registry, and the Indiana Network for Patient Care. First time cancer diagnoses appearing in the registry between January 2013 and December 2017 were included. Cases were patients who had an ED visit in the 6 months before their cancer diagnosis; controls had no recent ED visits. The primary outcome was mortality, comparing ED-associated mortality to non-ED-associated. 134,761 first-time cancer patients were identified, including 15,432 (11.5%) cases. The mean age was same at 65, more of the cases were Black than the controls (12.4% vs 7.4%, P&lt;.0001) and more were low income (36.4%. vs 29.3%). The top 3 ED-associated cancer diagnoses were lung (18.4%), breast (8.9%), and colorectal cancers (8.9%), whereas the controls were breast (17%), lung (14.9%), and prostate cancers (10.1%). Cases observed an over three-fold higher mortality, with cumulative death rate of 32.9% for cases vs 9.0% for controls (P&lt;.0001). Regression analysis predicting mortality, controlling for many confounders produced an odds ratio of 4.12 (95% CI 3.72-4.56 for cases). This study found that an ED visit within 6 months prior to the first time of ICD-coded cancer is associated with Black race, low income and an overall three-fold increased adjusted risk of death. The mortality rates for ED-associated cancers are uniformly worse for all cancer types. These data suggest that additional work is needed to reduce disparities among ED-associated cancer diagnoses.
3D Volumetric Measurements of GH Secreting Adenomas Correlate with Baseline Pituitary Function, Initial Surgery Success Rate, and Disease Control (2017)

There is scarce data on the clinical utility of volume measurement for growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas. The current study objective was to assess the association between pituitary adenoma volumes and baseline endocrine evaluation, initial surgical success rate, and disease control among patients with acromegaly. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a clinical research center including patients with acromegaly due to GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. Baseline hormonal evaluation and adenoma characteristics according to MRI were collected. Volumetric measurements of pituitary adenomas were performed using a semi-automated lesion segmentation and tumor-volume assessment tools. Rates of post-operative medical treatment, radiation therapy, and re-operation were gathered from the patients' medical records. Twenty seven patients (11 females) were included, median age 21.0 years (interquartile range 29 years, range 3-61 years). Patients harboring adenomas with a volume <2 000 mm<sup>3</sup> had higher chance to achieve disease remission [94.1% (n=16) vs. 50.0% (n=4), p<0.05]. Adenoma volumes positively correlated with baseline plasma GH levels before and after oral glucose administration, and with plasma IGF-I and PRL levels. Adenoma volume had negative correlation with morning plasma cortisol levels. Finally, patients harboring larger adenomas required 2nd surgery and/or medical treatment more often compared with subjects with smaller adenomas. Accurate 3D volume measurement of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas may be used for the prediction of initial surgery success and for disease control rates among patients with a GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and performs better than standard size assessments.
Surface Characterization in Diamond Turning of Highly Anisotropy Brittle Crystals: A Multi-Spectrum Analysis Approach (2006)

This paper presents a multi-spectrum analysis method for the characterization of the surface generation in single-point turning of brittle single crystals. The features on the diamond turned surfaces were extracted and analysed by the power spectrum analysis of the surface roughness profiles measured at a number radial sections of the workpiece. By the analysis of the variation of the spectral patterns in the multi-spectrum plots, the surface roughness and materials effect on surface generation are found to be strongly related to the power spectrum. This provides an important means to explain quantitatively the effect of factors affecting the surface generation in diamond turning brittle crystals.
Organization of Monoterpene Biosynthesis in Mentha. Immunocytochemical Localizations of Geranyl Diphosphate Synthase, Limonene-6-Hydroxylase, Isopiperitenol Dehydrogenase, and Pulegone Reductase (2004)

We present immunocytochemical localizations of four enzymes involved in p-menthane monoterpene biosynthesis in mint: the large and small subunits of peppermint (Mentha x piperita) geranyl diphosphate synthase, spearmint (Mentha spicata) (-)-(4S)-limonene-6-hydroxylase, peppermint (-)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase, and peppermint (+)-pulegone reductase. All were localized to the secretory cells of peltate glandular trichomes with abundant labeling corresponding to the secretory phase of gland development. Immunogold labeling of geranyl diphosphate synthase occurred within secretory cell leucoplasts, (-)-4S-limonene-6-hydroxylase labeling was associated with gland cell endoplasmic reticulum, (-)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase labeling was restricted to secretory cell mitochondria, while (+)-pulegone reductase labeling occurred only in secretory cell cytoplasm. We discuss this pathway compartmentalization in relation to possible mechanisms for the intracellular movement of monoterpene metabolites, and for monoterpene secretion into the extracellular essential oil storage cavity.
Adenovirus DNA Replication in Soluble Extracts of Infected Cell Nuclei (1979)

Synthesis of viral DNA after infection of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells has been studied to understand the replication of the viral genome itself, as well as to serve as a substrate for the analysis of components necessary for host-chromosomal replication (Kaufmann et al. 1977; Kornberg; Sumida-Yasumoto et al.; Hillenbrand et al.; Liu et al.; all this volume). Viral systems have been essential because the physical and enzymatic studies used to characterize the replication reaction are considerably more difficult on the large host DNA molecules. These models have been particularly useful in the study of the molecular mechanisms of prokaryotic DNA replication because many of the smaller phages require host-coded gene products for replication (Wickner and Hurwitz, 1975; Bouché et al. 1975; Sumida-Yasumoto et al.; Meyer et al.; both this volume).
Real-time view-based face alignment using active wavelet networks (2004)

The active wavelet network (AWN) [C. Hu et al., (2003)] approach was recently proposed for automatic face alignment, showing advantages over active appearance models (AAM), such as more robustness against partial occlusions and illumination changes. We (1) extend the AWN method to a view-based approach, (2) verify the robustness of our algorithm with respect to unseen views in a large dataset and (3) show that using only nine wavelets, our method yields similar performance to state-of-the-art face alignment systems, with a significant enhancement in terms of speed. After optimization, our system requires only 3 ms per iteration on a 1.6 GHz Pentium IV. We show applications in face alignment for recognition and real-time facial feature tracking under large pose variations.
A disulphide bond-mediated hetero-dimer of a hemoprotein and a fluorescent protein exhibiting efficient energy transfer (2022)

Artificial protein hetero-dimerization is one of the promising strategies to construct protein-based chemical tools. In this work, cytochrome <i>b</i> <sub>562</sub>, an electron transfer hemoprotein, and green fluorescent protein (GFP) mutants with cysteine residues added to their surfaces were conjugated <i>via</i> a pyridyl disulphide-based thiol-disulfide exchange reaction. The eight hetero-dimers, which have cysteine residues at different positions to form the disulphide bonds, were obtained and characterized by gel-electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography. The fluorescence properties of the hetero-dimers were evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements. Efficient photoinduced energy transfer from the GFP chromophore to the heme cofactor was observed in each of the hetero-dimers. The energy transfer efficiency is strongly dependent on the cross-linking residues, reaching 96%. Furthermore, the estimated Förster distance and the structure-based maximum possible distances of the donor and acceptor suggest that one of the hetero-dimers has a rigid protein-protein structure with favourable properties for energy transfer. The disulphide bond-mediated protein hetero-dimerization is useful for screening functional protein systems towards further developments.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Peroxo‐6‐zirconium Crown and Its Hafnium Analogue Embedded in a Triangular Polyanion: [M6(O2)6(OH)6 (γ‐SiW10O36)3]18‐ (M: Zr, Hf). (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
First-Principles Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Methyl trans-3-Hexenoate Epoxidation by HO2 (2017)

The design of innovative combustion processes relies on a comprehensive understanding of biodiesel oxidation kinetics. The present study aims at unraveling the reaction mechanism involved in the epoxidation of a realistic biodiesel surrogate, methyl trans-3-hexenoate, by hydroperoxy radicals using a bottom-up theoretical kinetics methodology. The obtained rate constants are in good agreement with experimental data for alkene epoxidation by HO<sub>2</sub>. The impact of temperature and pressure on epoxidation pathways involving H-bonded and non-H-bonded conformers was assessed. The obtained rate constant was finally implemented into a state-of-the-art detailed combustion mechanism, resulting in fairly good agreement with engine experiments.