gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation (2021)

Epiretinal prostheses aim at electrically stimulating the inner most surviving retinal cells-retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)-to restore partial sight to the blind. Recent tests in patients with epiretinal implants have revealed that electrical stimulation of the retina results in the percept of color of the elicited phosphenes, which depends on the frequency of stimulation. This paper presents computational results that are predictive of this finding and further support our understanding of the mechanisms of color encoding in electrical stimulation of retina, which could prove pivotal for the design of advanced retinal prosthetics that elicit both percept and color. This provides, for the first time, a directly applicable "amplitude-frequency" stimulation strategy to "encode color" in future retinal prosthetics through a predictive computational tool to selectively target small bistratified cells, which have been shown to contribute to "blue-yellow" color opponency in the retinal circuitry. The presented results are validated with experimental data reported in the literature and correlated with findings in blind patients with a retinal prosthetic implant collected by our group.
Hetero-Junction Module Technology (2011)

Silicon hetero-junction solar cell technology has the potential to obtain high efficiencies with thin wafers. Cell efficiencies of 21 % can be achieved on 170 micron thin wafers. A significant reduction of the costperformance ratio can be realized if these fragile cells are integrated reliably in solar modules. This requires low stress and low-temperature interconnection of individual cells. Also, hetero-junction cells are known to be susceptible to moisture ingress inside the module. Single cell modules have been manufactured using conductive adhesive as interconnection and using a moisture blocking back sheet to protect the cells. The modules have been exposed to climate chamber tests (damp-heat and thermal cycling) according to the IEC 61215 ed. 2 standard. Infrared analysis (IR) and electroluminescence (EL) images were taken to investigate the integrity of cells and their interconnections. Modules made with moisture blocking back-sheets showed that the modules did survive 1500 hours (1.5 times IEC) of damp heat and over 340 thermal cycles with less than 5% reduction in power output. The industrial feasibility of this module technology was demonstrated by manufacturing 72-cell modules, using cells obtained from an industrial party. Assembly of the modules was done using a tabber-stringer capable to work with conductive adhesives, designed for low temperature interconnection.
Induction of apoptosis by the ginsenoside Rh2 by internalization of lipid rafts and caveolae and inactivation of Akt (2010)

Rh2 induced internalization of rafts and caveolae, leading to Akt inactivation, and ultimately apoptosis. Because elevated levels of membrane rafts and caveolae, and Akt activation have been correlated with cancer development, internalization of these microdomains by Rh2 could potentially be used as an anti-cancer therapy.
α-D-Cellooligosaccharide acetates: physical and spectroscopic characterization and evaluation as models for cellulose triacetate (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTα-D-Cellooligosaccharide acetates: physical and spectroscopic characterization and evaluation as models for cellulose triacetateCharles M. Buchanan, John A. Hyatt, Stephen S. Kelley, and James L. LittleCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 16, 3747–3755Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00218a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00218a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel design techniques for miniature circularly-polarized antennas using genetic algorithms (2004)

We introduce new methodologies employing a genetic algorithm (GA) to evolve classes of antenna shapes that are circularly polarized and offer optimal performance characteristics such as input impedance, VSWR, bandwidth, and/or gain. These new methodologies are also capable of producing designs that are significantly smaller when compared to a conventional crossed-dipole antenna. It is demonstrated that, by utilizing these design approaches for miniature, circularly polarized, stochastic, crossed-dipole antennas, size reductions of over 40% are typically achieved, and in some cases, it is even possible to realize designs with size reductions up to 86%. An important feature of these antennas is that the size reduction achieved is in terms of area, which differs from the case of stochastic linear dipoles where a reduction in length is achieved at the expense of an increase in width.
Reducing the effects of backscattering on the behavior of a ring laser (1987)

Light scattered from one counterpropagating mode into the other can drastically modify the behavior of a ring laser. We point out that, within the domain of the third-order laser theory, the effect of backscattering on the fluctuation properties of the light can be reduced simply by increasing the cavity-loss rate, so long as the increased loss can be compensated for by increased pumping of the gain medium.
BIS(DITHIOSQUARAMIDE) LIGANDS AND THEIR COMPLEXES WITH DIVALENT NICKEL: THERMOCHROMIC BEHAVIOUR AND UNANTICIPATED FORMATION OF 2:2 SPECIES (1993)

Abstract Reaction of two equivalents of N-mono- or di-substituted 3-amino-4-(n-butoxy)-3-cyclobutene-1,2-diones with a 1,2-diaminoethane gave N-mono- or di-substituted 1,2-bis((2-amino-1-cyclobutene-3,4-dione)amino)-ethane derivatives (bis(squaramides)). Reaction of the bis(squaramides) with excess P4S10 gave the analogous tetrathio derivatives (bis(dithiosquaramides), LH2) of formula (NR1R2)C4S2(NHCH2CH2NH)-C4S2(NR1R2) (R1=n-Bu, R2=H; R1=R2=Et, n-Bu). The new bis(dithiosquaramide) ligands were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electronic, and mass spectroscopic methods. The complexes of these ligands with nickel(II) were prepared, isolated and characterized. The isolated complexes are neutral 2:2 species of formula Ni2L2, as evidenced by results from mass spectrometry, and they exhibit thermochromic behaviour in pyridine solution. Additional spectroscopic data (IR, NMR) are consistent with the ligands being coordinated only through sulfur donor atoms and a structure for the complexes is proposed. Key Words: Nickel complexesthermochromismdinuclearsquaramidesdithiosquaramidessulfur ligands
Tissue kallikrein promotes prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via a protease-activated receptor-1-dependent signaling pathway (2010)

We recently demonstrated that tissue kallikrein (TK) promotes keratinocyte migration through activation of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR(1)) and transactivation of the epi-dermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, we investigated the potential role of PAR(1) in mediating the effect of TK on cancer cell migration, invasion and proliferation. Our results show that TK promotes DU145 prostate cancer cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner, but has no effect on A549 lung cancer cells. Active TK markedly increases DU145 cell migration and invasion, which are blocked by aprotinin but minimally affected by icatibant; kinin treatment has little effect. TK-induced cell migration and invasion are abolished by inhibition of PAR(1) using a pharmacological inhibitor or RNA interference. The effect of TK on cell migration and invasion are also blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C, c-Src, matrix metalloproteinase, EGFR and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Moreover, TK stimulates ERK phosphorylation, which is inhibited by an EGFR antagonist. Additionally, TK but not kinin stimulates DU145 cell proliferation through activation of the kinin B2 receptor, but not PAR(1) and EGFR. These results indicate differential signaling pathways mediated by TK in promoting prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via PAR(1) activation, and proliferation via kinin B2 receptor stimulation.
Abstract 2805: Cancer-specific T cell receptor isolation for cancer immunotherapy (2014)

Abstract Malignant cells may be recognized by T cells binding cell surface Class I HLA-peptide complexes presenting disease-associated epitopes. Many cancer patients generate CD8 cytotoxic T cell responses to tumor-associated antigens, however due to the low avidity of these T cells and cancer cells developing escape mechanisms for avoiding destruction by T cells, the immune system fails to clear tumors. To overcome these issues, we have engineered novel, bi-functional protein therapeutics termed ImmTACs (Immune Mobilising monoclonal TCR Against Cancer) which re-direct the immune system to target and destroy tumor cells with a high degree of potency and specificity. An ImmTAC comprises a high affinity ‘monoclonal’ T cell Receptor (mTCR) targeting a cancer-associated HLA-peptide complex, fused to an anti-CD3 scFv domain which activates an anti-tumor T cell response. In order to produce ImmTACs, we have developed an integrated in-house process leading to the isolation of TCRs specific for validated cancer epitopes. The critical steps in this process are: antigen selection, epitope identification, T cell cloning, TCR isolation and binding to soluble peptide:MHC on the BIAcore. We describe each of these steps in more detail and present data to illustrate the successful isolation of a number of TCRs specific for various tumor associated antigens such as prostate and cancer testis antigens leading from this procedure. Citation Format: Luise U. Weigand, Samantha Paston, Linda Hibbert, Ruth K. Ryan, Debbie E. Baker, Ruth A. Simmons, Jane V. Harper, Joseph D. Dukes, Giovanna Bossi, Francis Grand, Emma Hickman, Alex Powlesland, Annelise Vuidepot, Namir J. Hassan, Bent K. Jakobsen. Cancer-specific T cell receptor isolation for cancer immunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2805. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2805
Interchannel Mismatch Calibration Techniques for Time-Interleaved SAR ADCs (2021)

Interleaving is a powerful technique that boosts the speed of an ADC. The power efficiency of such a technique is mainly affected by the overhead of the circuitry used to mitigate the impact of inter-channel mismatches on the ADC's performance. This paper reviews some of the most important methods of calibrating such mismatches and presents a frequency-domain analysis of timing skew in a time-interleaved (TI) ADC. A new calibration approach is also proposed that calibrates the timing and offset mismatches between the channels simultaneously. Behavioral modeling simulations of a 15-channel 10-b 2GS/s TI SAR ADC show an improvement of 35 dB in the SFDR after calibration. The impact of circuit nonidealities and noise is also assessed, and mitigation techniques are proposed.
Pharmacological Evaluation and Preparation of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Containing an N-Acyl Hydrazone Subunit (2014)

A series of anti-inflammatory derivatives containing an N-acyl hydrazone subunit (4a-e) were synthesized and characterized. Docking studies were performed that suggest that compounds 4a-e bind to cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 isoforms, but with higher affinity for COX-2. The compounds display similar anti-inflammatory activities in vivo, although compound 4c is the most effective compound for inhibiting rat paw edema, with a reduction in the extent of inflammation of 35.9% and 52.8% at 2 and 4 h, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of N-acyl hydrazone derivatives was inferior to their respective parent drugs, except for compound 4c after 5 h. Ulcerogenic studies revealed that compounds 4a-e are less gastrotoxic than the respective parent drug. Compounds 4b-e demonstrated mucosal damage comparable to celecoxib. The in vivo analgesic activities of the compounds are higher than the respective parent drug for compounds 4a-b and 4d-e. Compound 4a was more active than dipyrone in reducing acetic-acid-induced abdominal constrictions. Our results indicate that compounds 4a-e are anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds with reduced gastrotoxicity compared to their respective parent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
5GNOW: Challenging the LTE Design Paradigms of Orthogonality and Synchronicity (2013)

LTE and LTE-Advanced have been optimized to deliver high bandwidth pipes to wireless users. The transport mechanisms have been tailored to maximize single cell performance by enforcing strict synchronism and orthogonality within a single cell and within a single contiguous frequency band. Various emerging trends reveal major shortcomings of those design criteria: (1) The fraction of machine-type-communications (MTC) is growing fast. Transmissions of this kind are suffering from the bulky procedures necessary to ensure strict synchronism. (2) Collaborative schemes have been introduced to boost capacity and coverage (CoMP), and wireless networks are becoming more and more heterogeneous following the non-uniform distribution of users. Tremendous efforts must be spent to collect the gains and to manage such systems under the premise of strict synchronism and orthogonality. (3) The advent of the Digital Agenda and the introduction of carrier aggregation are forcing the transmission systems to deal with fragmented spectrum. 5GNOW will question the design targets of LTE and LTE-Advanced having these shortcomings in mind. The obedience of LTE and LTE-Advanced to strict synchronism and orthogonality will be challenged. It will develop new PHY and MAC layer concepts being better suited to meet the upcoming needs with respect to service variety and heterogeneous transmission setups. A demonstrator will be built as Proof-of-Concept relying upon continuously growing capabilities of silicon based processing. Wireless transmission networks following the outcomes of 5GNOW will be better suited to meet the manifoldness of services, device classes and transmission setups being present in envisioned future scenarios like smart cities. The integration of systems relying heavily on MTC, e.g. sensor networks, into the communication network will be eased. The per-user experience will be more uniform and satisfying. To ensure this 5GNOW will contribute to upcoming 5G standardization.
Comparison of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Based 18F-DCFBC PET/CT to Conventional Imaging Modalities for Detection of Hormone-Naïve and Castration-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2015)

PET imaging with (18)F-DCFBC, a small-molecule PSMA-targeted radiotracer, detected more lesions than CIM and promises to diagnose and stage patients with metastatic prostate cancer more accurately than current imaging methods.
Evaluation of an electronic sky derotation scheme for a phased array fed reflector antenna (2014)

In recent years a number of reflector antenna radio telescopes have been fitted with Phased Array Feeds (PAF) [1], [2], [3], [4] as part of ongoing research on the development as well as the effective use of this technology. The baseline design for SKA phase 1 also specifies the use of this technology in the SKA-survey instrument [5]. One major advantage of using a PAF is that it significantly improves the survey speed due to an increase in the Field-of-View (FoV) as multiple beams on the sky may be formed simultaneously. In addition to this, the beamforming capability of such systems also offer the advantage of being able to optimize various Figures-of-Merit (FoM). This ability is often utilized to improve the stability of the beam response over the FoV in order to improve imaging dynamic range [6], [7], [8].
Notice of Removal Kerfless epitaxial mono crystalline Si wafers with built-in junction and from reused substrates for high efficiency PERx cells (2017)

Removed.
Na2Ti6O13: a potential anode for grid-storage sodium-ion batteries (2013)

The ultra-fast (30C or 2 min) rate capability and impressive long cycle life (>5000 cycles) of Na2Ti6O13 are reported. A stable 2.5 V sodium-ion battery full cell is demonstrated. In addition, the sodium storage mechanism and thermal stability of Na2Ti6O13 are discussed.
Models for the Compressible Web (2009)

Graphs resulting from human behavior (the web graph, friendship graphs, etc.) have hitherto been viewed as a monolithic class of graphs with similar characteristics; for instance, their degree distributions are markedly heavy-tailed. In this paper we take our understanding of behavioral graphs a step further by showing that an intriguing empirical property of web graphs-their compressibility-cannot be exhibited by well-known graph models for the web and for social networks. We then develop amore nuanced model for web graphs and show that it does exhibit compressibility, in addition to previously modeled web graph properties.
Ds+ meson production at central rapidity in proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV (2012)

The p T -differential inclusive production cross section of the prompt charm-strange meson D + s in the rapidity range |y| < 0.5 was measured in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The analysis was performed on a data sample of 2.98 10 8 events collected with a minimum-bias trigger. The corresponding integrated luminosity is L int = 4.8 nb -1 . Reconstructing the decay D + s + , with K -K + , and its charge conjugate, about 480 D s mesons were counted, after selection cuts, in the transverse momentum range 2 < p T < 12 GeV/c. The results are compared with predictions from models based on perturbative QCD. The ratios of the cross sections of four D meson species (namely D 0 , D + , D * + and D + s ) were determined both as a function of p T and integrated over p T after extrapolating to full p T range, together with the strangeness suppression factor in charm fragmentation. The obtained values are found to be compatible within uncertainties with those measured by other experiments in e + e -, ep and pp interactions at various centre-of-mass energies.
Temperature independence of the spin-injection efficiency of a MgO-based tunnel spin injector (2005)

The spin polarization of electrons injected into GaAs from a CoFe∕MgO(100) tunnel spin injector is inferred from the circular polarization of light emitted from a GaAs-based quantum well (QW) detector. The circular polarization strongly depends on the spin and electron hole recombination lifetimes in the QW. Using time-resolved optical techniques, we show that these lifetimes are highly temperature dependent. A peak in the charge lifetime versus temperature is likely responsible for the previously observed dip in the electroluminescence polarization. Evidence for a temperature-independent spin injection efficiency of ∼70% from 10 K to room temperature is found.
NMR structure of biosynthetic engineered human insulin monomer B31Lys‐B32Arg in water/acetonitrile solution. Comparison with the solution structure of native human insulin monomer (2008)

A solution NMR-derived structure of a new long -acting, B31(Lys)-B32(Arg) (LysArg), engineered human insulin monomer, in H(2)O/CD(3)CN, 65/35 vol %, pH 3.6, is presented and compared with the available X-ray structure of a monomer that forms part of a hexamer (Smith, et al., Acta Crystallogr D 2003, 59, 474) and with NMR structure of human insulin in the same solvent (Bocian, et al., J Biomol NMR 2008, 40, 55-64). Detailed analysis using PFGSE NMR (Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo NMR) in dilution experiments and CSI analysis prove that the structure is monomeric in the concentration range 0.1-3 mM. The presence of long-range interstrand NOEs in a studied structure, relevant to the distances found in the crystal structure of the monomer, provides the evidence for conservation of the tertiary structure. Therefore the results suggest that this solvent system is a suitable medium for studying the native conformation of the protein, especially in situations (as found for insulins) in which extensive aggregation renders structure elucidations in water difficult or impossible. Starting from the structures calculated by the program CYANA, two different molecular dynamics (MD) simulated annealing refinement protocols were applied, either using the program AMBER in vacuum (AMBER_VC), or including a generalized Born solvent model (AMBER_GB). Here we present another independent evidence to the one presented recently by us (Bocian et al., J Biomol NMR 2008, 40, 55-64), that in water/acetonitrile solvent detailed structural and dynamic information can be obtained for important proteins that are naturally present as oligomers under native conditions.
A Method to Guarantee Local Convergence for Sequential Quadratic\n Programming with Poor Hessian Approximation (2017)

Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) is a powerful class of algorithms for\nsolving nonlinear optimization problems. Local convergence of SQP algorithms is\nguaranteed when the Hessian approximation used in each Quadratic Programming\nsubproblem is close to the true Hessian. However, a good Hessian approximation\ncan be expensive to compute. Low cost Hessian approximations only guarantee\nlocal convergence under some assumptions, which are not always satisfied in\npractice. To address this problem, this paper proposes a simple method to\nguarantee local convergence for SQP with poor Hessian approximation. The\neffectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in a numerical example.\n
SINR optimization in wideband full-duplex MIMO relays under limited dynamic range (2014)

We develop a method for self-interference mitigation in wideband full-duplex multiple-input multiple-output regenerative relays, taking into account transmitter impairments and limited receiver dynamic range. The method combines a cancellation and suppression architecture by incorporating feedforward filters at both sides of the relay. The design criterion is to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the relay input. On the transmit side, linear constraints are imposed in order to control the effect on the information signal at destination. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method both in terms of self-interference reduction and SINR improvement.