gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient thread/page/parallelism autotuning for NUMA systems (2019)

Current multi-socket systems have complex memory hierarchies with significant Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) effects: memory performance depends on the location of the data and the thread. This complexity means that thread- and data-mappings have a significant impact on performance. However, it is hard to find efficient data mappings and thread configurations due to the complex interactions between applications and systems.
Blind estimation of direct sequence spread spectrum signals in multipath (1997)

Self-recovering receivers for direct-sequence spread-spectrum signals with unknown spreading codes are discussed in this paper. Applications include signal interception, jamming, and low probability of intercept (LPI) communications. A multirate/multichannel, discrete-time model of the spread spectrum signal is introduced, which establishes links with array processing techniques. Borrowing blind channel estimation ideas, which were originally developed in the context of fractionally spaced equalizers or receivers with multiple antennas, linear solutions are obtained that are independent of the input distribution. The signal interception problem is further studied, and a zero-forcing (ZF) receiver/equalizer is proposed to recover the transmitted data. Its performance is analyzed, and some illustrative simulations are presented.
On the Topotactic Transformation of Ti 2 AlC into a Ti–C–O–F Cubic Phase by Heating in Molten Lithium Fluoride in Air (2011)

Herein we report on the formation of a Ti–C–O–F phase via the topotactic transformation of Ti 2 AlC by immersion in molten lithium fluoride, LiF , at 900°C in air for 2 h. The Al diffuses out of the structure and reacts with LiF to form Li 3 AlF 6 . X ‐ray diffraction, R aman spectroscopy, optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, with energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, showed the selective etching of Al from the structure and the formation of a cubic, rock‐salt, Ti–C–O–F phase. The transformation is topotaxial, involves de‐twinning of the hexagonal Ti 2 AlC structure and results in domains that are of the order of 10 nm. The reaction rate is significantly higher when the reaction is carried out in air than when it is carried out in vacuum.
Thermal-induced three-dimensional shape transformations of hydrogel sheets (2017)

Self-constructing materials, which can spontaneously change their shapes from ordinary two-dimensional (2D) planes into complex three-dimensional (3D) structures, are always an attractive subject of intelligent materials. Herein, we report a simple yet effective strategy for the fabrication of programmable, thermally responsive and self-constructing hydrogels which can undergo various types of transformation from an ordinary sheet into different complex 3D shapes. By designing the surface patterns of a thermo-responsive hydrogel sheet, planar-to-tubular, planar-to-helical and planar-to-cylindrical transformation can be readily achieved upon temperature change. Integrating this kind of materials into semiconductors, self-constructive, flexible and functional electronic devices may be developed as a leading topic of smart materials.
Automated Verification Tool for DHTML (2006)

Automated verification for client-side programs of DHTML applications has become necessary. This is because DHTML applications are increasingly complicated in order to enhance the functionality and usability of dynamic Web content. We are therefore motivated to create a tool for automatically verifying a JavaScript program of a DHTML application against a specification describing the page flows. The verification is based on a type inference technique focusing on DOM updates
Simultaneous Enzymatic Synthesis of Mannitol and Gluconic Acid: II. Development of a Continuous Process for a Coupled Nad(H)-Dependent Enzyme System (1996)

Employing a process technology of native nicotinamide coenzyme - retention by charged nanofiltration membranes in continuous reaction systems, the synthesis of mannitol and gluconic acid from fructose and glucose by the NAD(H)-dependent enzymes mannitol dehydrogenase from Torulaspora delbrückii and glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus mega-terium has been studied. Based on kinetic characterization of the coupled enzyme system, partial optimization of the enzymatic redox process is demonstrated and the major factors governing the efficiency of the continuous reaction system are discussed.
Miniature fluorometric photodiode array detection system for capillary chromatography (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMiniature fluorometric photodiode array detection system for capillary chromatographyJennifer C. Gluckman, Dennis C. Shelly, and Milos V. NovotnyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 8, 1546–1552Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00285a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00285a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distinct mechanisms for the induction and maintenance of allograft tolerance with CTLA4-Fc treatment (1997)

A murine CTLA4/Fc gamma2a heavy chain (mCTLA4-Fc) chimeric fusion molecule was used in B6AF1 recipients of BALB/c pancreatic islet allografts to study the induction and maintenance of tolerance following inhibition of the CD28-B7 pathway for T cell activation. Donor-specific tolerance was achieved by administering 100 microg of mCTLA4-Fc on alternate days for 14 days (8 total doses) or a single 500 microg dose of mCTLA4-Fc on day 2 after transplant. Tolerance was mediated by long-lived peripheral lymphocytes and showed features of organ and alloantigen specificity. Whereas tolerance could not be established in allograft recipients receiving simultaneous mCTLA4-Fc and rIL-2, previously tolerant animals did not reject their grafts when given IL-2, suggesting that the induction and maintenance phases of tolerance were distinct and separate. The maintenance of donor-specific tolerance was an active immunologic process that was CD4+ T cell dependent and could be adoptively transferred to naive lymphocytes, but could not be explained by apoptosis or deletion of alloreactive T cells. Although an IL-2-sensitive mechanism such as anergy may contribute toward the induction of tolerance, its maintenance involves active suppression.
Bayesian Optimization with Ensemble Learning Models and Adaptive Expected Improvement (2023)

Optimizing a black-box function that is expensive to evaluate emerges in a gamut of machine learning and artificial intelligence applications including drug discovery, policy optimization in robotics, and hyperparameter tuning of learning models to list a few. Bayesian optimization (BO) provides a principled framework to find the global optimum of such functions using a limited number of function evaluations. BO relies on a statistical surrogate model to actively select new query points, that is typically captured by a Gaussian process (GP). Unlike most existing approaches that hinge on a single GP surrogate model with a pre-selected kernel function that may confine the expressiveness of the sought function especially under the limited evaluation budget, the present work puts forth a weighted ensemble of GPs as a surrogate model. Building on the advocated Gaussian mixture (GM) posterior, the EGP framework adapts to the most fitted surrogate model as data arrive on-the-fly, offering a richer function space. For the acquisition of next evaluation points, the EGP-based posterior is coupled with an adaptive expected improvement (EI) criterion to balance exploration and exploitation of the search space. Numerical tests on a set of benchmark synthetic functions and two robotic tasks, demonstrate the impressive benefits of the proposed approach.
Toward Robust Networks against Adversarial Attacks for Radio Signal Modulation Classification (2022)

Deep learning (DL) is a powerful technique for many real-time applications, but it is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Herein, we consider DL-based modulation classification, with the objective to create DL models that are robust against attacks. Specifically, we introduce three defense techniques: i) randomized smoothing, ii) hybrid projected gradient descent adversarial training, and iii) fast adversarial training, and evaluate them under both white-box (WB) and black-box (BB) attacks. We show that the proposed fast adversarial training is more robust and computationally efficient than the other techniques, and can create models that are extremely robust to practical (BB) attacks.
Iterative MAP multi-user detection of synchronous CDMA with channel distortion (2004)

This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for multi-user detection of a synchronous CDMA communication system in the presence of channel distortion based on a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. The proposed algorithm employs the known finite alphabet of discrete symbols as a priori information to improve symbol estimation accuracy. This paper extends our previous work (Blunt and Ho, 2002) to develop a MAP estimator that takes into account both the structure of the particular symbol constellation and the transmission diversity resulting from channel distortion to increase dramatically the accuracy of multi-user symbol estimation.
White organic light-emitting diodes operated by organic field-effect transistors (2004)

Organic and/or polymer light-emitting diode (OLED) is one of the most promising candidates for the application in the future flat and flexible displays. In this presentation, fabrication methods and performances of the white (consists of R, G, and B) OLED with high efficiency, better color purity, and higher stability will be discussed. The OLEDs were operated by organic field-effect transistors, and the results also will be shown.
Precursors to rapid elevations in intracranial pressure (2005)

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and management have substantially improved the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, rapid elevations in ICP remain a significant problem as they may lead to secondary brain injury and worse outcome due to cerebral ischemia. Current therapy is targeted towards treating rapid ICP elevations after they occur. Ideally, anticipatory treatment to obviate any elevation in ICP could occur if reliable precursors to ICP elevation were determined. In this paper, we report evidence for a physiologic transition zone prior to rapid elevations in ICP. We found that in thirty-three episodes of ICP elevation recorded from eleven patients, there was a statistically consistent decrease in the cardiac component of the ICP signal and the coefficient of correlation between the ICP trend and the pulse amplitude. We conclude that specific ICP signal metrics may serve as precursors that characterize the transition zone prior to a rapid elevation and may enable prediction of these elevations up to thirty seconds ahead.
Supplementary Table 1 from Elevated TNFR1 and Serotonin in Bone Metastasis Are Correlated with Poor Survival following Bone Metastasis Diagnosis for Both Carcinoma and Sarcoma Primary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 60K, Bone metastasis specimen study set.&lt;/p&gt;
Reconfigurable ultra-thin EBG absorbers using conducting polymers (2005)

A new design concept is presented for reconfigurable ultra-thin EBG absorbers that employ FSS screens made from conducting polymer materials. A robust GA technique was developed and successfully applied to evolve optimal designs for the ultra-thin EBG absorbers. Design examples of a single-band and a dual-band reconfigurable EBG absorber are presented.
PPL/M: The System Level Language for Programming the DADO Machine (1984)

DADO [Stolfo and Shaw 82; Stolfo 82] is a fine-grain parallel computer designed specifically for the rapid execution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) software. Two software systems are presently under development for DADO which implement two language facilities supporting the high-speed execution of Production Systems (PS) and Logic Programs: Herbal (named in honor of Herbert Simon and Allen Newell, inventors of the AI PS paradigm) is similar in style to OPS [Forgy 821]; LPS (a Logic Programming System) is similar in syntactic style to Prolog.
Effects of fuel pre-injection on mixing in a Mach 1.6 airflow (1999)

The effects of injection behind a pylon upstream of a supersonic combustion chamber were evaluated for liquid JP-10 and gaseous ethylene. A generic, rearward-facing, rectangular step was used as the primary flameholding mechanism. A pilot-hydrogen flame injected from the base of the step provided ign.ition. The fuel was injected from a 1.5-mm diameter wall orifice behind a thin triangular cross section pylon placed in the isolator at IO step heights upstream of the step. The role of the pylon is to facilitate the penetration and the spreading of the liquid jet. Tests were performed under connected -pipe conditions in a Mach 1.6 airflow channel and air stagnation temperatures to 900 K, corresponding to the beginning of the hypersonic flight regime. The hydrogen, ethylene and JP-10 flow rates were modulated during the tests and wall pressures and temperatures were measured along the duct and in the recirculation region. Shadowgraph imaging indicated the effect of injection on the isolator shock train and the combustion chamber mixing. Stable combustion without upstream flashback has been observed with isolator JP-10 equivalence ratios to 0.5. Y Transverse location parallel’ cm to contoured sides of nozzle Z Transverse location cm perpendicular to contoured
Spatial connectivity of tumor and associated cells (SpaCell): a novel computational pathology biomarker (2023)

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is comprised of multiple cell types, with their spatial organization having been previously studied to identify associations with disease progression and response to therapy. These works, however, have focused on spatial interactions of a single cell type, ignoring spatial interplay between the remaining cells. Here, we introduce a framework to quantify complex spatial interactions on H&amp;E-stained image between multiple cell families simultaneously within the TME, called spatial connectivity of tumor and associated cells (SpaCell). First, nuclei are segmented and classified into different families (e.g., cancerous cells and lymphocytes) using a combination of image processing and machine learning techniques. Local clusters of proximal nuclei are then built for each family. Next, quantitative metrics are extracted from these clusters to capture inter- and intra-family relationships, namely: density of clusters, area intersected between clusters, diversity of clusters surrounding a cluster, architecture of clusters, among others. When evaluated for predicting risk of recurrence in HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (n=233, 107 vs 126 patients for training vs testing) and non-small cell lung cancer (n=186, 70 vs 116 patients for training vs for testing), SpaCell was able to differentiate between patients at high and low risk of recurrence (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively). SpaCell was compared against a deep learning and a state-of-the-art approach that uses single-family cell cluster graphs (CGG). CCG extracted metrics were not prognostic of disease-free survival (DFS) for oropharyngeal (p=0.98) nor lung (p=0.15) cancer, and deep learning was prognostic of DFS for lung (p=0.03) but not for oropharyngeal cancer (p=0.26). SpaCell was not only prognostic for both cancer types but also provides more explainability in terms of tumor biology.
A Multirate Approach to Haptic Interaction with Deformable Objects Single and Multipoint Contacts (2005)

In this paper we describe a new solution for stable haptic interaction with deformable object simulations featuring low servo rates and computational delays. The solution presented is a combination of the local model and the virtual coupling concepts proposed in the past. By varying the local model impedance depending on the local stiffness of the deformable object, the interaction between local model and simulation can always be made stable independently of low servo rates or computational delays. Moreover, by using more complex local impedances that feature an integral term, we are able to control the steady-state error between the device and the surface of the deformable object. This allows us to maximize the Z -width of the simulation, while obtaining overall stable behavior without using any added damping. The local model is always computed using the current deformable object surface, thus allowing for multi-point contact interaction, i.e., allowing multiple users to feel each other’s influence on the object. The proposed solution is presented and analyzed in a multirate setting. Experimental results employing a Phantom haptic interface are presented.
The interplay between citrullination and HLA-DRB1 polymorphism in shaping peptide binding hierarchies in rheumatoid arthritis (2018)

The <i>HLA-DRB1</i> locus is strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility, whereupon citrullinated self-peptides bind to HLA-DR molecules bearing the shared epitope (SE) amino acid motif. However, the differing propensity for citrullinated/non-citrullinated self-peptides to bind given HLA-DR allomorphs remains unclear. Here, we used a fluorescence polarization assay to determine a hierarchy of binding affinities of 34 self-peptides implicated in RA against three HLA-DRB1 allomorphs (HLA-DRB1*04:01/*04:04/*04:05) each possessing the SE motif. For all three HLA-DRB1 allomorphs, we observed a strong correlation between binding affinity and citrullination at P4 of the bound peptide ligand. A differing hierarchy of peptide-binding affinities across the three HLA-DRB1 allomorphs was attributable to the β-chain polymorphisms that resided outside the SE motif and were consistent with sequences of naturally presented peptide ligands. Structural determination of eight HLA-DR4-self-epitope complexes revealed strict conformational convergence of the P4-Cit and surrounding HLA β-chain residues. Polymorphic residues that form part of the P1 and P9 pockets of the HLA-DR molecules provided a structural basis for the preferential binding of the citrullinated self-peptides to the HLA-DR4 allomorphs. Collectively, we provide a molecular basis for the interplay between citrullination of self-antigens and HLA polymorphisms that shape peptide-HLA-DR4 binding affinities in RA.
Effect of Non-Uniform Tissue Configuration on Conductance Catheter Measurement for Arterial Lumen Sizing (2011)

A novel approach of two bolus injections of saline solutions has been proposed for conductance catheter measurement of cross-sectional area (CSA) and parallel conductance for medium size arteries [1–2]. The parallel conductance or current leakage through surrounding tissue is dependent on how differently the combined configuration of lumen, surrounding tissue, and conductance catheter forms an electric field. Arteries have a variety of surrounding tissue geometries and electrical conductivities depending on their anatomic situations. Specifically, coronary/peripheral arteries are often characterized by their superficial anatomic positions so that surrounding tissue has asymmetric configurations. Such notions highlight the need for addressing the impact of anatomically relevant tissue properties on the performance of conductance catheter measurement. In the present study, we computationally probe how asymmetric surrounding tissue thickness and/or inhomogeneous/anisotropic electric conductivity of tissue can modulate the electric field and hence accuracy of CSA measurement for a medium size artery.
Restoration of a Defective Lactococcus lactis Xylose Isomerase (2004)

The genes (xylA) encoding xylose isomerase (XI) from two Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains, 210 (Xyl(-)) and IO-1 (Xyl(+)), were cloned, and the activities of their expressed proteins in recombinant strains of Escherichia coli were investigated. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence homologies between the xylA genes were 98.4 and 98.6%, respectively, and only six amino acid residues differed between the two XIs. The purified IO-1 XI was soluble with K(m) and k(cat) being 2.25 mM and 184/s, respectively, while the 210 XI was insoluble and inactive. Site-directed mutagenesis on 210 xylA showed that a triple mutant possessing R202M/Y218D/V275A mutations regained XI activity and was soluble. The K(m) and k(cat) of this mutant were 4.15 mM and 141/s, respectively. One of the IO-1 XI mutants, S388T, was insoluble and showed negligible activity similar to that of 210 XI. The introduction of a K407E mutation to the IO-1 S388T XI mutant restored its activity and solubility. The dissolution of XI activity in L. lactis subsp. lactis involves a series of mutations that collectively eliminate enzyme activity by reducing the solubility of the enzyme.
Effects of Storage Conditions on Performance Degradation of PEMFCs after Shutdown (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Measurement of electric current by the optical current sensor based on magneto-optic crystal (2019)

Measuring equipment is very important in smart grid, for example, the real-time accurate current measurement is necessary for over-current protection, leakage detection. Faraday Effect causes light polarization to rotate when the fiber is exposed to a magnetic field in the direction of light propagation. Thus, the magnetic field strength can be determined from the light polarization change. By applying Ampere’s law, we can get the current by measuring the light rotation. In this paper, optical current sensor (OCS) based on magneto-optic crystal has been developed. The sensing principles, optical and electronic design, as well as its characterization have been described. The weak current signal detection technique is further discussed by means of spectral analysis and lock-in amplifier methods. The performance of the prototype was tested experimentally, the sensor has a high sensitivity for currents and is capable of achieving weak electric current detection with accuracy of 1mArms (50 Hz). A linear response is obtained for current amplitude as low as several mArms at an AC frequency of 50 Hz. For the direct current (DC) current measurement, a lock-in amplifier is used in our scheme; the detection limit of the magneto-optic crystal current sensor is less than 1 mA. There is a wide range of applications for the magneto-optic crystal current sensor, which will be mainly used to monitor currents both on photovoltaic grid-connected system and insulator operating state.
An Equivalence between Network Coding and Index Coding (2012)

We show that the network coding and index coding problems are equivalent. This equivalence holds in the general setting which includes linear and non-linear codes. Specifically, we present an efficient reduction that maps a network coding instance to an index coding one while preserving feasibility. Previous connections were restricted to the linear case.