gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New insights into testicular germ cell tumorigenesis from gene expression profiling. (2002)

We have shown recently that about half of the human TGCTs(3) reveal DNA copy number increases affecting two distinct regions on chromosome arm 17q. To identify potential target genes with elevated expressions attributable to the extra copies, we constructed a cDNA microarray containing 636 genes and expressed sequence tags from chromosome 17. The expression patterns of 14 TGCTs, 1 carcinoma in situ, and 3 normal testis samples were examined, all with known chromosome 17 copy numbers. The growth factor receptor-bound protein 7 (GRB7) and junction plakoglobin (JUP) were the two most highly overexpressed genes in the TGCTs. GRB7 is tightly linked to ERBB2 and is coamplified and coexpressed with this gene in several cancer types. Interestingly, the expression levels of ERBB2 were not elevated in the TGCTs, suggesting that GRB7 might be the target for the increased DNA copy number in TGCTs. Because of the limited knowledge of altered gene expression in the development of TGCTs, we also examined the expression levels of 512 additional genes located throughout the genome. Several genes novel to testicular tumorigenesis were consistently up- or down-regulated, including POV1, MYCL1, MYBL2, MXI1, and DNMT2. Additionally, overexpression of the proto-oncogenes CCND2 and MYCN were confirmed from the literature. The overexpressions were for some of the target genes closely associated to either seminoma or nonseminoma TGCTs, and hierarchical cluster analysis of the gene expression data effectively distinguished among the known histological subtypes. In summary, this focused functional genomic characterization of TGCTs has lead to the identification of new gene targets associated with a common genomic rearrangement as well as other genes with potential importance to testicular tumorigenesis.
Nematic Solutions of Side Chain Nematic Polymers; A Viscoelastic Study (1987)

Abstract We have studied, by analogy with ordinary solutions, the viscoelastic properties of nematic solutions of side chain mesomorphic polymers, for a large domain of concentrations (0 ≤ c ≤ 20% (w/w)). While the splay elastic coefficient K 1 stays constant as c increases to 20%, the twist viscosity coefficient which involves dynamic properties strongly increases and shows a complex behavior. These results are compared to previous results on comparable systems. They are also correlated with an independent and complementary determination of chains sizes and geometry by a SAXS.
Laser CVD System Design, Operation, and Modeling (2008)

A gas-jet laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) system has been designed and developed for the manufacture of small, complex ceramic, metallic, and composite parts. In the past two years, direct writing and fiber growth mechanisms have been demonstrated for several materials. Thermally controlled experiments have permitted the optimization of process parameters and the growth of three-dimensional muti-laycr structures. Extensive modeling in the areas of chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, heat transfer, fluid flow, and mass tranport have lead to a better understanding of the LCVD process.
Columnar structured FePt films epitaxially grown on large lattice mismatched intermediate layer (2016)

The microstructure and magnetic properties of the FePt films grown on large mismatched ZrN (15.7%) intermediate layer were investigated. With using ZrN intermediate layer, FePt 10 nm films exhibited (001) texture except for some weaker FePt (110) texture. Good epitaxial relationships of FePt (001) <100>//ZrN (001) <100>//TiN (001) <100> among FePt and ZrN/TiN were revealed from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. As compared with TiN intermediate layer, although FePt-SiO<sub>2</sub>-C films grown on ZrN/TiN intermediate layer showed isotropic magnetic properties, the large interfacial energy and lattice mismatch between FePt and ZrN would lead to form columnar structural FePt films with smaller grain size and improved isolation. By doping ZrN into the TiN layer, solid solution of ZrTiN was formed and the lattice constant is increased comparing with TiN and decreased comparing with ZrN. Moreover, FePt-SiO<sub>2</sub>-C films grown on TiN 2 nm-20 vol.% ZrN/TiN 3 nm intermediate layer showed an improved perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Simultaneously, columnar structure with smaller grain size retained.
Novel moisture‐curable epoxy resins and their characterization (2003)

Abstract The shelf‐life stability and curability of a moisture‐curable epoxy resin system were evaluated with ketimines, which were used as moisture‐latent hardeners and were derived from different kinds of ketones as protective groups. Both the shelf‐life stability and curability of the compounds were mainly influenced by the steric hindrance of the ketimines. The theoretical results calculated by MOPAC showed good agreement with the experimental results. Methyl i ‐propyl ketone and methyl t ‐butyl ketone, having a narrow space (&lt;4.2 Å) around ketimine N and a wide space (&gt;3.7 Å) around ketimine C, were demonstrated to be the optimum ketones for the ketimines. The lap shear strength, with respect to the adhesive properties of the ketimines, was higher with a large‐volume ketone than with a small‐volume ketone as the protective group. This was due to the higher reaction conversion of the epoxide for the system. In addition, the large plasticizing effect of the large ketone volume could lead to a large relaxation of the stress generated at the bonding interface. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 91–95, 2003
Structural Dependence of Chemical Durability in Modified Aluminoborate\n Glasses (2018)

Alkali and alkaline earth aluminoborate glasses feature high resistance to\ncracking under sharp contact loading compared to other oxide glasses. However,\ndue to the high content of hygroscopic B2O3, it is expected that applications\nof these glasses could be hindered by poor chemical durability in aqueous\nsolutions. Indeed, the compositional and structural dependence of their\ndissolution kinetics remains unexplored. In this work, we correlate the\ndissolution rates of aluminoborate glasses in acidic, neutral, and basic\nsolutions with the structural changes induced by varying the aluminum-to-boron\nratio. In detail, we investigate a total of seventeen magnesium, lithium, and\nsodium aluminoborate glasses with fixed modifier content of 25 mol%. We show\nthat the structural changes induced by alumina depend on the network modifier.\nWe also demonstrate a correlation between the chemical durability at various pH\nvalues and the structural changes in Mg-, Li- and Na- aluminoborate glasses.\nThe substitution of alumina by boron oxide leads to a general decrease of\nchemical corrosion in neutral and acidic solutions. The lowest dissolution rate\nvalue is observed in Mg-aluminoborate glasses, as a consequence of the\nintermediate character of magnesium which can increase the network\ncross-linking. For basic solutions, the chemical durability is almost constant\nfor the different amount of alumina in the three series, likely because B2O3 is\nsusceptible to nucleophilic attack, which is favored in high-OH- solutions.\n
Core Color Rendering Algorithms for High Dynamic Range Display (2018)

As is well known, colors as they exist in the real world must be adjusted so as to look correct and pleasing when displayed on a TV or a cinema screen. In color science, the process of converting these “scene-referred” colors to “display-referred” colors is termed “rendering.” The Academy Color Encoding System (ACES) is a good example of a set of open-source picture rendering algorithms. In this paper, the authors, who both participated in the development of ACES, discuss the pros and cons of various rendering techniques and share the results of their latest work. Specifically, we present a method of applying a tone curve that preserves color ratios and has better noise properties than earlier techniques. This algorithm has been successfully used as part of a larger parametric rendering system for high dynamic range display. One of the nice properties of this algorithm is that it has a simple and robust inverse.
Application of a spatially variant system model for 3-D whole-body pet image reconstruction (2008)

Accurate system modeling in tomographic image reconstruction has been shown to reduce the spatial variance of resolution and improve quantitative accuracy. System modeling can be improved through analytic calculations, Monte Carlo simulations, and physical measurements. This work presents a novel measured system model and incorporates this model into a fully 3-D statistical reconstruction method. Empirical testing of the resolution versus noise benefits reveal a modest improvement in spatial resolution at matched image noise levels. Convergence analysis demonstrate improved resolution and contrast versus noise properties can be achieved with the proposed method with similar computation time as the conventional approach. Images reconstructed with the proposed model contain correlated noise structures which are difficult to characterize with accepted NEMA noise metrics.
Aromatic Cross-Links in Insect Cuticle: Detection by Solid-State 13 C and 15 N NMR (1987)

Cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to determine insect cuticle composition and cross-link structure during sclerotization or tanning. Unsclerotized cuticle from newly ecdysed pupae of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta L., had a high protein content with lesser amounts of lipid and chitin. Concentrations of chitin, protein, and catechol increased substantially as dehydration and sclerotization progressed. Analysis of intact cuticle specifically labeled with carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 revealed direct covalent linkages between ring nitrogens of protein histidyl residues and ring carbons derived from the catecholamine dopamine. This carbon-nitrogen adduct was present in chitin isolated from cuticle by alkaline extraction and is probably bound covalently to chitin. These data support the hypothesis that the stiffening of insect cuticle during sclerotization results primarily from the deposition of protein and chitin polymers and their crosslinking by quinonoid derivatives of catecholamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Hopeafuran and a C‐Glucosyl Resveratrol Isolated from Stem Wood of Hopea utilis. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Improving Initial Access Reliability of 5G mmWave Cellular in Massive V2X Communications Scenarios (2018)

Future automotive systems are expected to significantly benefit from a range of diverse mechanisms and capabilities that will be offered by the emerging fifth-generation (5G) cellular technology. In particular, one of the most prominent 5G use cases is represented by the Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) context, which aims to enhance people's driving experience with collective safety and infotainment applications (e.g., autonomous driving, driver assistance, and contextual information). To achieve the requirements of better reliability, lower latency, and higher data rate, the use of extremely high frequencies (known as millimeter-wave, mmWave) is envisioned as an efficient solution. In fact, very high numbers of sensors deployed on vehicles introduce a serious challenge for the initial access procedure due to likely collisions in case of massive connection attempts. For that reason, the goal of this work is to offer improvements to the reliability of the initial access procedure for 5G mmWave cellular in massive V2X communications scenarios. In doing so, we propose to exploit redundant preamble transmissions in order to faster acquire a data transmission opportunity. Our obtained results indicate that by sending multiple replicas of a random access preamble the success probability to transmit at the first attempt is at least twice higher than that with the legacy approaches where a single random access preamble is being sent.
Defect-mode mirrorless lasing in dye-doped organic/inorganic hybrid one-dimensional photonic crystal (2006)

We have developed a dye-doped organic/inorganic hybrid one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal containing a dye-doped defect layer for defect-mode photonic band gap lasing. The multilayer laser structure consists of alternating layers of titania nanoparticles and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with an active emission layer of organic dyes in PMMA. Low threshold lasing has been demonstrated at a single defect-mode wavelength of the 1D photonic band gap structure resulting from the inhibited density of states of photons within the stop band and the enhanced rates of spontaneous emission at the localized resonant defect mode.
Understanding amorphous states of phase-change memory using Frenkel-Poole model (2009)

A method based on Frenkel-Poole emission is proposed to model the amorphous state (high resistance state) in mushroom-type phase-change memory devices. The model provides unique insights to probe the device after amorphizing (RESET) operation. Even when the resistance appears the same under different RESET conditions, our model suggests that both the amorphous region size and the defect states are different. With this powerful new tool, detailed changes inside the amorphous GST for MLC operation and retention tests are revealed.
A Hybrid Compositional Approach to Optimal Mission Planning for Multi-rotor UAVs using Metric Temporal Logic (2019)

This paper investigates a hybrid compositional approach to optimal mission planning for multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). We consider a time critical search and rescue scenario with two quadrotors in a constrained environment. Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) is used to formally describe the task specifications. In order to capture the various modes of UAV operation, we utilize a hybrid model for the system with linearized dynamics around different operating points. We divide the mission into several sub-tasks by exploiting the invariant nature of various task specifications i.e., the mutual independence of safety and timing constraints along the way, and the different modes (i,e., dynamics) of the robot. For each sub-task, we translate the MTL formulae into linear constraints, and solve the associated optimal control problem for desired path using a Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) solver. The complete path is constructed by the composition of individual optimal sub-paths. We show that the resulting trajectory satisfies the task specifications, and the proposed approach leads to significant reduction in computational complexity of the problem, making it possible to implement in real-time.
Trichoderma longibrachiatum (TG1) Enhances Wheat Seedlings Tolerance to Salt Stress and Resistance to Fusarium pseudograminearum (2021)

Salinity is abiotic stress that inhibits seed germination and suppresses plant growth and root development in a dose-dependent manner. Fusarium pseudograminearum (Fg) is a plant pathogen that causes wheat crown rot. Chemical control methods against Fg are toxic to the environment and resistance has been observed in wheat crops. Therefore, an alternative approach is needed to manage this devastating disease and the effects of salinity. Our research focused on the mycoparasitic mechanisms of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (TG1) on Fg and the induction of defenses in wheat seedlings under salt and Fg stress at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. The average inhibition rate of TG1 against Fg was 33.86%, 36.32%, 44.59%, and 46.62%, respectively, in the four NaCl treatments (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM). The mycoparasitic mechanisms of TG1 against Fg were coiling, penetration, and wrapping of Fg hyphae. In response to inoculation of TG1 with Fg, significant upregulation of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) was observed. The expression of β-1, 6-glucan synthase (PP4), endochitinase precursor (PH-1), and chitinase (chi18-15) increased by 1. 6, 1. 9, and 1.3-fold on day 14 compared with day 3. Wheat seedlings with combined TG1 + Fg treatments under different NaCl stress levels decreased disease index by an average of 51.89%; increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity by an average of 38%, 61%, and 24.96%, respectively; and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) content by an average of 44.07% and 41.75% respectively, compared with Fg treated seedlings. The combined TG1 + Fg treatment induced the transcription level of plant defense-related genes resulting in an increase in tyrosin-protein kinase (PR2), chitinase class I (CHIA1), and pathogenesis-related protein (PR1-2) by an average of 1.15, 1.35, and 1.37-fold, respectively compared to Fg treatment. However, the expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) increased 3.40-fold under various NaCl stresses. Our results suggest that TG1 enhances wheat seedling growth and controls wheat crown rot disease by strengthening the plant defense system and upregulating the expression of pathogenesis-related genes under both Fg and salt stress.
Rhodium(I)-katalysierte Dehydrokupplung von Phosphanen (2001)

Gleich zwei Vorschriften wurden für die katalytische Dehydrokupplung sekundärer Phosphane mit dem Rhodium(I)-Komplex [Cp*Rh(CH2=CHSiMe3)2] entwickelt: In Gegenwart von Olefinen findet eine Transferhydrierung zum entsprechenden Alkan und die Bildung des Diphosphans statt. Ohne Olefinzusatz und bei erhöhten Temperaturen entsteht das Diphosphan unter Freisetzung von molekularem Wasserstoff [Gl. (1)].
Thermocouples from Electrodeposited Submicrometer Wires Prepared by Electrochemical Step Edge Decoration (2008)

We describe the preparation of three types of silver/nickel thermocouples (TCs) based upon electrodeposited wires with diameters at, or just below, 1.0 μm: Type 1—wire/thin film TCs consisting of an electrodeposited submicrometer diameter wire and an evaporated metal thin film; Type 2—wire-wire TCs consisting of end-butted and electrochemically welded silver and nickel submicrometer wires; Type 3—wire-wire TCs for which the silver wires were electrochemically etched prior to the electrodeposition of the nickel wires. The metal wires in all devices were prepared using the electrochemical step edge decoration method. The properties of these TCs for measuring temperature in the range from ambient to 110 °C were evaluated. Output voltage, VTC, versus temperature was linear for these devices yielding Seebeck coefficients of 19-22 μV/°C—within 95% of the expected bulk value. Temperature excursions across a 90 °C range caused no measurable hysteresis in VTC for these devices. All three types of devices retained the ability to accurately measure temperature for months after exposure to ambient laboratory air. The response times for these TCs were measured using two different laser heating methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Fulvenes and Fulvalenes. Part 64. Synthesis and Pyrolysis of a Triafulvene Precursor. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Exercise versus vasodilator stress limb perfusion imaging for the assessment of peripheral artery disease (2017)

Resting limb skeletal muscle MBF in patients with moderate to severe PAD is similar to that in normal subjects. However, differences in hyperemic flow during contractile exercise but not during dipyridamole allow evaluation of the degree of flow impairment from PAD and the degree of improvement with revascularization.
The impact of dense range data on computer graphics (2003)

The ability to quickly acquire dense range data of familiar environments has been met with enthusiastic response in our graphics laboratory. We describe our prototype range collection system, based on a scanning laser rangefinder and a high-resolution digital color camera, that allows us to create panoramic color photographs where every pixel has an accurate range value. To accommodate occlusions, the data acquisition process is repeated from multiple locations and the results are registered with software. We discuss the acquisition system and review how the data from this prototype system have been used in existing graphics projects. We speculate about future improvements to range acquisition hardware and how those improvements impact graphics applications. The data acquired from our system is just a hint of what will be available in the future and we conclude with speculation about the impact of such data on graphics hardware and algorithms, since prevailing graphics hardware and software do not support this data well.
Multi-Fidelity Modeling For The Design Of A Maritime Environmental Survey Network Utilizing Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (2021)

New maritime operational concepts are being considered for future network topologies that are efficient and reliable in underwater domains where the design of networking is challenging due to the harshness of the environment. Various communication and network simulation tools exist to model scenarios of interest and evaluate metrics of interest, e.g., latency, throughput and reliability, for high-fidelity evaluations. However, the computation time required for high-fidelity simulation is extensive for evaluating many network topologies associated with topology optimization. Thus we develop low-fidelity models to explore many network topologies and identify a few Pareto optimal configurations to evaluate with the high-fidelity simulation. In this paper, we demonstrate a multi-fidelity topology optimization methodology for maritime environmental survey operations involving multiple unmanned underwater vehicles. The low-fidelity models developed for this maritime operation scenario are able to accurately identify the intuitive optimal solution based on multiple objectives, which are then validated by high-fidelity simulations.
Tenascin-C signaling through induction of 14-3-3 tau (2003)

We searched by a cDNA subtraction screen for differentially expressed transcripts in MCF-7 mammary carcinoma cells grown on tenascin-C versus fibronectin. On tenascin-C, cells had irregular shapes with many processes, whereas on fibronectin they were flat with a cobble stone-like appearance. We found elevated levels of 14-3-3 tau transcripts and protein in cells grown on tenascin-C. To investigate the consequences of an increased level of this phospho-serine/threonine-binding adaptor protein, we transfected MCF-7 cells with a construct encoding full-length 14-3-3 tau protein and selected clones with the highest expression levels. The morphology of these cells on tenascin-C was flat, resembling that of cells on fibronectin. This was reflected by a similar pattern of F-actin staining on either substratum. Furthermore, the growth rate on tenascin-C was increased compared with the parental cells. After transient transfection of HT1080 fibrosarcoma and T98G glioblastoma cells with 14-3-3 tau, only the 14-3-3 tau-expressing cells were able to adhere and survive on tenascin-C, whereas all cells adhered well on fibronectin. Therefore, we postulate that tenascin-C promotes the growth of tumor cells by causing an increase in the expression of 14-3-3 tau, which in turn has a positive effect on tumor cell adhesion and growth.