gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mutation in H5 haemagglutinin that conferred human receptor recognition is not maintained stably during duck passage (2010)

A/Hong Kong/213/97 (HK213; H5N1), isolated from a human, binds to both avian- and human-type receptors, due to a haemagglutinin (HA) mutation probably acquired during adaptation to humans. Duck passage of this virus conferred lethality in ducks. Sequence analyses of the duck-passaged virus revealed that its HA gene reverted back to one recognizing only avian-type receptors, and consequently it bound human tissue to a lesser extent. This finding suggests that viruses with human-type receptor specificity are unlikely to be maintained in waterfowl, unlike those with the human-type PB2 mutation, such as H5N1 viruses of the Qinghai Lake lineage.
Parameter investigation for decentralised dewatering and solar thermic drying of sludge (2005)

The purpose of this paper is an experimental and model assisted investigation of the capabilities of a dewatering system for sewage sludge for decentralised sites. Laboratory and field tests are performed with different initial conditions and the influences of filter medium, initial height, initial total suspended solids, temperature and relative humidity are discussed. The experimental work shows the feasibility of geotextile media for dewatering high water content sewage sludge and that the textile structure is of secondary importance. The specific filter resistance of the sludge cake is found to be the most significant factor in dewatering applications. The mathematical description of the dewatering process is based on the superposition of two models, the Conventional Filtration Theory for the filtration phase and the BT-model for the drying phase. Feasibility and limits of the theoretical approach are evaluated by means of a comparison between measurements and simulated data of cyclic reloading tests. It is found that a better filtration efficiency is achieved at higher TSS and at lower initial height of the slurry layer. Due to the viscosity decrease, a higher temperature enhances not only evaporation, but also filtration rate.
Characterization of the Surface Properties of Commercially Available Dental Implants Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Focused Ion Beam, and High‐Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (2007)

This indicates that the provision of osseointegration is not exclusively linked to a particular set of surface features if the implant surface character is a major factor in that process. The studied methodology provides an effective tool to also analyze the interface between implant and surrounding bone. This would be a natural next step in understanding the ultrastructure of the interface between bone and implants.
Le profil des mères d’enfants agressés sexuellement : santé mentale, stress et adaptation (2006)

This study examines the emotional reactions of 118 mothers after the disclosure of the sexual assault of their child. After tracing a portrait of these mothers, the study attempts to determine the importance of the psychological symptoms and identify psychosocial factors likely to influence them. Results show that mothers present various configurations of psychological symptoms and that many experience distress exceeding the clinical treshold. The presence of these symptoms is specifically associated to a limited number of psychosocial factors. The discussion highlights the importance of distress experienced by mothers of sexually abused children and the support they need from professional health workers to deal with the situation.
Capabilities of finite element analysis and magnetic equivalent circuits for electrical machine analysis and design (2008)

This paper reviews the literature concerned with capabilities and limitations of finite element analysis (FEA) and magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) analysis for electrical machine design. The most common known models are based on equivalent circuits and related analytical models, or on FEA. Analytical models use highly simplified magnetics, and have difficulty extending into saturation. FEA typically uses magnetic vector potential representations that model additional effects such as eddy currents, but requires detailed nonlinear models for saturation and hysteresis. MEC methods represent a third possibility for electrical machine analysis, based on permeance network models comprising reluctances and mmf sources. Advantages of the MEC method include reduced model complexity compared to FEA, enhanced accuracy compared to analytical approaches, ease of parameterization, methods for extension to 3-D capability, and fast computation time. One of the most significant concerns related to literature in this area is that very few papers report thorough comparisons between experimental measurements and simulation tools for electromechanical devices. Among those that do, even fewer compare electromechanical forces and torques. With less than 15 exceptions, the few papers providing such comparisons report ldquogood agreement, rdquo but in fact show errors of 10% or more between tests and simulations. Many papers with experimental results do not compare torque or force results or present error analysis. This is most unfortunate, as many authors deen to consider FEA results ldquodefinitiverdquo and use them as a basis for model comparisons. Saturation and iron losses appear to be the likely culprits. In a few papers, the reported analysis method takes full nonlinear magnetic effects into account. When magnetic saturation, eddy currents, hysteresis losses, and similar effects are modeled with care and in detail, differences between simulations and experiments typically are on the order of 5%.
Modeling shielded cables in Xyce based on transmission-line theory (2019)

Electromagnetic shields are usually employed to protect cables and other devices; however, these are generally not perfect, and may permit external magnetic and electric fields to penetrate into the interior regions of the cable, inducing unwanted current and voltages. The aim of this paper is to verify a circuit model tool with our previously proposed analytical model [1] for evaluating currents and voltages induced in the inner conductor of braided-shield cables. This circuit model will enable coupling between electromagnetic and circuit simulations.
Energy sensitization of acceptors and donors in organic photovoltaics (2023)

Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising acceptor and/or donor sensitizers to increase absorption and photoresponse of the photoactive layers of the devices. In particular, devices herein include at least one acceptor layer and at least one donor layer, wherein the acceptor layer may comprise a mixture of an acceptor material and at least one sensitizer, and the donor layer may comprise a mixture of a donor material and at least one sensitizer. Methods of fabricating the organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are also disclosed.
Resonance frequency and damping constant of a spherical gas-vapor bubble in an infinite medium (1993)

The resonance frequency f0 and damping constant δ for free volume oscillations of a spherical bubble in an infinite medium are derived from the linearized, fundamental equations of fluid dynamics. There are three possible modes (acoustic, thermal, and mass diffusion) of wave propagation that satisfy the governing equations for the gas–vapor mixture inside the bubble. Outside it, only the acoustic and thermal diffusion modes need consideration because gas diffusion across the bubble surface into the liquid appears negligible for free oscillations. The parameters f0 and δ are values such that the boundary conditions can be satisfied. The dependence of f0 and δ on bubble size, ambient pressure, and temperature is examined. When a bubble contains a high concentration of gas, the values of f0 and δ agree with the results of Devin [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 31, 1654–1667 (1959)]. When the concentration of vapor is high, it is found that there exists only one resonance frequency for free oscillations [compare the results of R. D. Finch and E. A. Neppiras, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 1402–1410 (1973)]. [Work supported by ONR.]
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 RET protooncogene database: Repository of MEN2-associated RET sequence variation and reference for genotype/phenotype correlations (2009)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is an inherited, autosomal-dominant disorder caused by deleterious mutations within the RET protooncogene. MEN2 RET mutations are mainly heterozygous, missense sequence changes found in RET exons 10, 11, and 13-16. Our group has developed the publicly available, searchable MEN2 RET database to aid in genotype/phenotype correlations, using Human Genome Variation Society recommendations for sequence variation nomenclature and database content. The MEN2 RET database catalogs all RET sequence variation relevant to the MEN2 syndromes, with associated clinical information. Each database entry lists a RET sequence variation's location within the RET gene, genotype, pathogenicity classification, MEN2 phenotype, first literature reference, and comments (which may contain information on other clinical features, complex genotypes, and additional literature references). The MEN2 phenotype definitions were derived from the International RET Mutation Consortium guidelines for classification of MEN2 disease phenotypes. Although nearly all of the 132 RET sequence variation entries initially cataloged in the database were from literature reports, novel sequence variation and updated phenotypic information for any existing database entry can be submitted electronically on the database website. The database website also contains links to selected MEN2 literature reviews, gene and protein information, and RET reference sequences. The MEN2 RET database (www.arup.utah.edu/database/MEN2/MEN2_welcome.php) will serve as a repository for MEN2-associated RET sequence variation and reference for RET genotype/MEN2 phenotype correlations.
Measurements and performance factor comparisons of magnetic materials at high frequency (2015)

The design of power magnetic components for operation at high frequency (HF, 3-30 MHz) has been hindered by a lack of performance data and by the limited design theory in that frequency range. To address these deficiencies, we have measured and present core loss data for a variety of commercially available magnetic materials in the HF range. In addition, we extend the theory of performance factor for appropriate use in HF design. Since magnetic materials suitable for HF applications tend to have low permeability, we also consider the impact of low permeability on design. We conclude that, with appropriate material selection and design, increased frequencies can continue to yield improved power density well into the HF regime.
Performance of Block Space-Time Code in Wireless Channel Dynamics (2009)

In this work, we observe the behavior of block space-time code in wireless channel dynamics. The block space-time code is optimally constructed in slow fading. The block code in quasistatic fading channels provides affordable complexity in design and construction. Our results show that the performance of the block space-time code may not be as good as conventionally convolutional coding with serial transmission for some channel features. As channel approaches fast fading, a coded single antenna scheme can collect as much diversity as desired by correctly choosing the free distance of code. The results also point to the need for robust space-time code in dynamic wireless fading channels. We expect that self-encoded spread spec-trum with block space-time code will provide a robust performance in dynamic wireless fading channels.
Detection and spectroscopic study of zinc by laser-enhanced ionization spectrometry (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection and spectroscopic study of zinc by laser-enhanced ionization spectrometryGeorge J. Havrilla and Kee Ju. ChoiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 14, 3095–3100Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00127a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (733 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Tailoring Charged Nanofiltration Membrane Based on Non-Aromatic Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine for Effective Water Softening (2020)

High-performance positively-charged nanofiltration (NF) membranes have a profound significance for water softening. In this work, a novel monomer, tris(3-aminopropyl)amine (TAEA), with one tertiary amine group and three primary amine groups, was blended with trace amounts of piperazine (PIP) in aqueous solution to fabricate a positively-charged NF membrane with tunable performance. As the molecular structures of TAEA and PIP are totally different, the chemical composition and structure of the polyamine selective layer could be tailored via varying the PIP content. The resulting optimal membrane exhibited an excellent water permeability of 10.2 LMH bar<sup>-1</sup> and a high rejection of MgCl<sub>2</sub> (92.4%), due to the incorporation of TAEA/PIP. In addition, this TAEA NF membrane has a superior long-term stability. Thus, this work provides a facile way to prepare a positively charged membrane with an efficient water softening ability.
A signal processing approach to functional MRI for brain mapping (2002)

Discusses modelling of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data as an ill-conditioned inverse problem. The model involved is non-linear and requires both temporal and spatial regularization.
Microglia and astrocytes attenuate the replication of the oncolytic vaccinia virus LIVP 1.1.1 in murine GL261 gliomas by acting as vaccinia virus traps (2015)

Our results indicate that microglia and astrocytes, dependent on their activation state, may preferentially clear viral particles by immediate uptake after delivery. By acting as VACV traps they further reduce efficient virus infection of the tumor cells. These findings demonstrate that glia cells need to be taken into account for successful GBM therapy development.
PRIMARY GRAFT FAILURE FOLLOWING PULMONARY TRANSPLANTATION (1990)

ZENATI, MARCO; YOUSEM, SAMUEL A.; DOWLING, ROBERT D.; STEIN, KEITH L.; GRIFFITH, BARTLEY P. Author Information
The effect of size and density on the mean retention time of particles in the reticulorumen of cattle (Bos primigenius f. taurus), muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and moose (Alces alces) (2010)

Particle passage from the reticulorumen (RR) depends on particle density and size. Forage particle density and size are related and change over time in the RR. Particle density mainly influences sorting in the reticulum, whereas particle size influences particle retention in the fibre mat of stratified rumen contents ('filter-bed' effect). We investigated these effects independently, by inserting plastic particles of different sizes (1, 10 and 20 mm) and densities (1·03, 1·20 and 1·44 mg/ml) in the RR of cattle (Bos primigenius f. taurus) as a pilot study, and of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus; n 4) and moose (Alces alces; n 2) both fed two diets (browse and grass). Faeces were analysed for plastic residues for 13 d after dosing to calculate mean retention times (MRT). The results confirmed previous findings of differences in absolute MRT between species. Comparing muskoxen with moose, there was no difference in the effect of particle density on the MRT between species but particle size had a more pronounced effect on the MRT in muskoxen than in moose. This indicated a stronger 'filter-bed effect' in muskoxen, in accord with the reports of stratified RR contents in this species v. the absence of RR content stratification in moose. Low-density particles were retained longer in both species fed on grass diets, indicating a contribution of forage type to the 'filter-bed effect'. The results indicate that retention based on particle size may differ between ruminant species, depending on the presence of a fibre mat in the RR, whereas the density-dependent mechanism of sedimentation in the RR is rather constant across species.
078 Evaluation of Paracrine Factors Critical for Human Leydig Stem Cell Function (2019)

Impaired testosterone production as a result of Leydig cell loss or dysfunction can occur in men with testicular failure. Although several testosterone formulations are available, none are capable of replicating the physiological pattern of testosterone secretion. We have shown in our recent study conducted in murine models that, Leydig stem cell transplantation along with peritubular myoid cells and Sertoli cells could be used to physiologically increase serum testosterone thereby potentially minimizing the adverse effects. However, in order to optimize the function of Leydig stem cells, we need to understand the paracrine factors released by myoid and Sertoli cells. In the present study we evaluated the significance of paracrine factors secreted by human peritubular myoid cells and Sertoli cells on Leydig stem cell function. A total of 5 men with testicular failure underwent testis biopsies for sperm retrieval. Using an IRB approved protocol, about 10mg of testicular tissue from each of these men were processed for Leydig stem cell isolation, culture and characterized.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Chemistry and Mechanisms of Metal‐Catalyzed C‐C Coupling Reactions. Part 6. Palladacycles as Efficient Catalysts for Aryl Coupling Reactions. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a Tandem Base‐Catalyzed, Triphenylphosphine‐Mediated Disulfide Reduction—Michael Addition. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Monolysyl Advanced Glycation Endproducts and Their Incorporation into Collagen Model Peptides (2012)

The synthesis of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), CML, CEL, and pyrraline and their incorporation into collagen model peptides is reported. AGEs are modified amino acids that form on proteins such as collagen and are thought to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, particularly diabetes. The synthesis and incorporation of these compounds into synthetic peptides is a key step in developing model systems with which to investigate AGE-modified proteins.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3,2‐Dioxathiolane Oxides: Epoxide Equivalents and Versatile Synthons (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The GraS Sensor in Staphylococcus aureus Mediates Resistance to Host Defense Peptides Differing in Mechanisms of Action (2015)

Staphylococcus aureus uses the two-component regulatory system GraRS to sense and respond to host defense peptides (HDPs). However, the mechanistic impact of GraS or its extracellular sensing loop (EL) on HDP resistance is essentially unexplored. Strains with null mutations in the GraS holoprotein (ΔgraS) or its EL (ΔEL) were compared for mechanisms of resistance to HDPs of relevant immune sources: neutrophil α-defensin (human neutrophil peptide 1 [hNP-1]), cutaneous β-defensin (human β-defensin 2 [hBD-2]), or the platelet kinocidin congener RP-1. Actions studied by flow cytometry included energetics (ENR); membrane permeabilization (PRM); annexin V binding (ANX), and cell death protease activation (CDP). Assay conditions simulated bloodstream (pH 7.5) or phagolysosomal (pH 5.5) pH contexts. S. aureus strains were more susceptible to HDPs at pH 7.5 than at pH 5.5, and each HDP exerted a distinct effect signature. The impacts of ΔgraS and ΔΕL on HDP resistance were peptide and pH dependent. Both mutants exhibited defects in ANX response to hNP-1 or hBD-2 at pH 7.5, but only hNP-1 did so at pH 5.5. Both mutants exhibited hyper-PRM, -ANX, and -CDP responses to RP-1 at both pHs and hypo-ENR at pH 5.5. The actions correlated with ΔgraS or ΔΕL hypersusceptibility to hNP-1 or RP-1 (but not hBD-2) at pH 7.5 and to all study HDPs at pH 5.5. An exogenous EL mimic protected mutant strains from hNP-1 and hBD-2 but not RP-1, indicating that GraS and its EL play nonredundant roles in S. aureus survival responses to specific HDPs. These findings suggest that GraS mediates specific resistance countermeasures to HDPs in immune contexts that are highly relevant to S. aureus pathogenesis in humans.
Multifaceted Role of the Transforming Growth Factor β on Effector T Cells and the Implication for CAR-T Cell Therapy (2021)

Evading the immune system is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Tumors escape anti-tumor immunity through cell-intrinsic means and the assembly of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. By significantly boosting the host immune system, cancer immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint receptors (CTLA-4 and PD-1) improved survival in patients even with cancers previously considered rapidly fatal. Nevertheless, an important group of patients is refractory or relapse rapidly. The factors involved in the heterogeneous responses observed are still poorly understood. Other immunotherapeutic approaches are being developed that may widen the options, including adoptive cell therapy using CAR-T cells alone or in combination. Despite impressive results in B cell malignancies, many caveats and unanswered questions remain in other cancers, thus limiting the potential of this approach to treat aggressive diseases. In particular, a complex TME could impair the survival, proliferation, and effector functions of CAR-T cells. Recent reports highlight the potential of targeting TGF-β signaling to improve CAR-T cell therapy. TGF-β is a well-known regulatory cytokine with pleiotropic effects in the TME, including immunosuppression. This review summarizes recent work investigating the potential effects of TGF-β within the TME, with a focus on CAR-T behavior and efficacy. We also discuss several key questions to be addressed to accelerate clinical translation of this approach.
Supplementary Table 1 from The Pioneering Role of GATA2 in Androgen Receptor Variant Regulation Is Controlled by Bromodomain and Extraterminal Proteins in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;siRNA sequences&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Movie Description from Loss-of-Function Mutations in TRAF7 and KLF4 Cooperatively Activate RAS-Like GTPase Signaling and Promote Meningioma Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Movie Description&lt;/p&gt;