gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-104: Targeting solid malignancies with TEGs: αβT cells

e

ngineered to express a defined γδTCR in xenograft mice model (2018)

Abstract γδT cells mediate cancer immune surveillance by sensing metabolic changes of malignant cells via their γδT cell receptor (TCR). Activation of γδTCR is independent of MHC molecules, making them a valuable addition to current treatment strategies. Moreover, γδTCR are able to differentiate between healthy and leukemic stem cells. This concept led to the development of next generation CAR T cells, so-called TEGs: αβT cells Engineered to express a defined γδTCR. A particular γ9δ2TCR, isolated from “clone 5”, has been selected as the candidate for clinical testing (TEG001). A purification strategy was introduced that combined maximal interference of γδTCR chains with endogenous TCR chains with a GMP-grade anti-αβTCR-bead-based depletion strategy to obtain a pure population of engineered immune cells (Straetemans et al. 2015). TEG001 cells showed a strong and broad recognition of hematological malignancies against both cell lines and primary AML (Marcu-Malina et al. 2011, Gründer et al. 2012). To further broaden the clinical implementation of this novel strategy we here investigated the in vivo efficacy profile against solid malignancies. In this study, we evaluated clinical potency of TEG001 against human organoids engineered with most frequent mutations for colorectal cancer, including APC knockout (APCKO), constitutively active KRAS (KRASG12D), P53 knockout (P53KO), and SMAD4 knockout (SMAD4KO), also known as quadruple mutant organoids. These organoids are tumorigenic and can be successfully engrafted as solid tumor mass in immunodeficient mice (Fumagalli et al., 2017; Drost et al., 2015). Irradiated NSG mice received luciferase-positive quadruple mutant organoids subcutaneously and were subsequently infused with TEGs. Tumor growth was measured by bioluminescence imaging. TEG001 showed reduced tumor growth of quadruple mutant organoids compared to untreated and mock controls. Moreover, TEG001-treated mice showed increased overall survival relative to the control mice, followed up to 130 days after treatment. Our current data shows that TEG001 mediates antitumor reactivity against quadruple mutant organoids as solid tumor model in vivo. This xenograft model allows further preclinical testing of next generation TEGs targeted to solid malignancies. Importantly, TEGs are a promising addition to the currently available immune therapeutic strategies as they target cancer as a metabolic disorder. Citation Format: Inez Johanna, Trudy Straetemans, Sabine Heijhuurs, Koen Jansen, Jacco van Rheenen, Jarno Drost, Zsolt Sebestyen, Jurgen Kuball. Targeting solid malignancies with TEGs: αβT cells engineered to express a defined γδTCR in xenograft mice model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-104.
Imaging microfractures and other abnormalities of bone using a supercontinuum laser source with wavelengths in the four NIR optical windows (2015)

Many areas of the body such as the tibia have minimal tissue thickness overlying bone. Near-infrared (NIR) optical windows may be used to image more deeply to reveal abnormalities hidden beneath tissue. We report on the potential application of a compact Leukos supercontinuum laser source (model STM-2000-IR) with wavelengths in the four NIR optical windows (from 650 nm to 950 nm, 1,100 nm to 1,350 nm, 1,600 to 1,870, and 2,100 nm to 2,300 nm, respectively) and between 200 - 500 microwatt/nm power, with InGaAs (Goodrich Sensors Inc. SU320- 1.7RT) and InSb detectors (Teledyne Technologies) to image microfractures and abnormalities of bone hidden beneath tissue.
The Clinical Application of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor (IGF-IR) and Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 (IRS-1) Expression in Breast Cancer (2003)

인슐린유사성장인자(Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF))이다. stage, the histological grade, the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR). Results: The results showed that IGF-IR and IRS-1 expression positively correlated with the ER and PR, and an inverse relationship was found between the IGF-IR and IRS-1 and histological grades. No association was observed between the IGR-IR and IRS-1 and the patent's age and clinical stage. In survival analysis, there was no definite association between the expressions of IGF-IR and IRS-1 and the disease free survival rate. Conclusion: IGF-IR and IRS-1 appear to play a role in the progression and differentiation of breast cancer in association with the ER and the PR. (Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2003;6:283-290)
A sulfur-free peptide mimic of surfactant protein B (B-YL) exhibits high in vitro and in vivo surface activities (2018)

<b>Background</b>: Animal-derived surfactants containing surfactant proteins B (SP-B) and C (SP-C) are used to treat respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. SP-B (79 residues) plays a pivotal role in lung function and the design of synthetic lung surfactant. Super Mini-B (SMB), a 41-residue peptide based on the N- and C-domains of SP-B covalently joined with a turn and two disulfides, folds as an α-helix hairpin mimicking the properties of these domains in SP-B. Here, we studied 'B-YL', a 41-residue SMB variant that has its four cysteine and two methionine residues replaced by tyrosine and leucine, respectively, to test whether these hydrophobic substitutions produce a surface-active, α-helix hairpin. <b>Methods:</b> Structure and function of B-YL and SMB in surfactant lipids were compared with CD and FTIR spectroscopy, and surface activity with captive bubble surfactometry and in lavaged, surfactant-deficient adult rabbits. <b>Results:</b> CD and FTIR spectroscopy of B-YL in surfactant lipids showed secondary structures compatible with peptide folding as an α-helix hairpin, similar to SMB in lipids. B-YL in surfactant lipids demonstrated excellent <i>in vitro</i> surface activity and good oxygenation and dynamic compliance in lavaged, surfactant-deficient adult rabbits, suggesting that the four tyrosine substitutions are an effective replacement for the disulfide-reinforced helix-turn of SMB. Here, the B-YL fold may be stabilized by a core of clustered tyrosines linking the N- and C-helices through non-covalent interactions involving aromatic rings. <b>Conclusions:</b> 'Sulfur-free' B-YL forms an amphipathic helix-hairpin in surfactant liposomes with high surface activity and is functionally similar to SMB and native SP-B. The removal of the cysteines makes B-YL more feasible to scale up production for clinical application. B-YL's possible resistance against free oxygen radical damage to methionines by substitutions with leucine provides an extra edge over SMB in the treatment of respiratory failure in preterm infants with RDS.
Stem Cells: Shibboleths of Development, Part II: Toward a Functional Definition (2005)

Our previous discourse on stem cell characteristics led to the conclusion that the qualities deemed essential for a cell to be considered a "stem cell" are neither firmly established nor universally accepted, and this we accept as editorial policy. In that study, self-renewal, asymmetric division, phenotypic markers, and other attributes touted as being indicative of cells being stem cells were critically questioned as fundamental to the definition of a stem cell, leading us to seek a functional definition instead. Here, we offer further considerations, and elaborate on the characteristics that diverse investigators feel are essential for a cell to function as a stem cell, either in development or body maintenance. We hope that this discourse will promote further reflection, culminating with a definition that is widely accepted and universally applicable. We confess this goal has not been reached, neither here nor elsewhere. The outstanding goal of understanding what stem cells are, a prerequisite of characterizing what stem cells do and how they do it, is still outstanding.
Predicting Grasp Success with a Soft Sensing Skin and Shape-Memory Actuated Gripper (2019)

Tactile sensors have been increasingly used to support rigid robot grippers in object grasping and manipulation. However, rigid grippers are often limited in their ability to handle compliant, delicate, or irregularly shaped objects. In recent years, grippers made from soft and flexible materials have become increasingly popular for certain manipulation tasks, e.g., grasping, due to their ability to conform to the object shape without the need for precise control. Although promising, such soft robot grippers currently suffer from the lack of available sensing modalities. In this work, we introduce a soft and stretchable sensing skin and incorporate it into the two fingers of a shape-memory actuated soft gripper. The onboard sensing skin includes a 9-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU) and five discrete pressure sensors per finger. We use this sensorized soft gripper to study grasp success and stability of over 2585 grasps with various objects using several machine learning methods. Our experiments show that LSTMs were the most accurate predictors of grasp success and stability, compared to SVMs, FFNNs, and ST-HMP. We also evaluated the effects on performance of each sensor's data, and the success rates for individual objects. The results show that the accelerometer data of the IMUs has the largest contribution to the overall grasp prediction, which we attribute to its ability to detect precise movements of the gripper during grasping.
A novel CCR2 antagonist inhibits atherogenesis in apoE deficient mice by achieving high receptor occupancy (2017)

CC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2) and its endogenous ligand CCL2 are involved in a number of diseases, including atherosclerosis. Several CCR2 antagonists have been developed as potential therapeutic agents, however their in vivo clinical efficacy was limited. In this report, we aimed to determine whether 15a, an antagonist with a long residence time on the human CCR2, is effective in inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis in a mouse disease model. First, radioligand binding assays were performed to determine affinity and binding kinetics of 15a on murine CCR2. To assess the in vivo efficacy, western-type diet fed apoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice were treated daily with 15a or vehicle as control. Treatment with 15a reduced the amount of circulating CCR2<sup>+</sup> monocytes and the size of the atherosclerotic plaques in both the carotid artery and the aortic root. We then showed that the long pharmacokinetic half-life of 15a combined with the high drug concentrations ensured prolonged CCR2 occupancy. These data render 15a a promising compound for drug development and confirms high receptor occupancy as a key parameter when targeting chemokine receptors.
Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff in Multiantenna Multirelay Networks: Improvements and Some Optimality Results (2013)

This paper investigates the benefits of amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying in the setup of multiantenna wireless networks. For this purpose, random sequential (RS) relaying is studied. It is shown that random unitary matrix multiplication at the relay nodes empowers the RS scheme to achieve a better diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) as compared to the traditional AF relaying. First, the RS scheme is proved to achieve the optimum DMT for a multiantenna full-duplex single-relay two-hop network. Applying this result, a new achievable DMT is derived for the case of multiantenna half-duplex parallel relay network. Interestingly, it turns out that the DMT of the RS scheme is optimum for the case of multiantenna two parallel noninterfering half-duplex relays. Furthermore, random unitary matrix multiplication is shown to also improve the DMT of the nonorthogonal AF relaying scheme for the case of a multiantenna single relay channel. Finally, the general case of multiantenna full-duplex relay networks is studied. First, a new lower-bound is derived on its DMT using the RS scheme. Furthermore, maximum multiplexing gain of the network is also shown to be achievable by traditional amplify-forward relaying. The gain value is equal to the minimum vertex cut-set of the underlying graph of the network, which can be computed in polynomial time in terms of the number of network nodes.
Performance Analysis of Large-Scale NGSO Satellite-Based Radio Astronomy Systems (2021)

Large-scale non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellite communication systems (SCSs) are emerging to play an important role for future global wireless communication. However, downlink transmissions from these mega-constellation SCSs can cause disruptive radio frequency interference (RFI) to the radio astronomy systems (RASs) on the ground or in space. Therefore, the satellite-based RASs including low earth orbit (LEO)-based or medium earth orbit (MEO)-based RASs are further considered to lower the impact from SCSs on the higher orbit onto the ground RASs and the lower orbit RASs. In this paper, we first analyze and compare the impact of RFI on LEO satellite-based RAS and MEO satellite-based RAS. The RFI results show that for both systems, RFI from higher orbit SCSs can totally undermine the RAS continuum observation adjacent to the SCS downlink bands when using the emission mask defined by National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA). To solve the observation issues for both systems, we find out the required SCS emission mask for each RAS so that both systems can avoid RFI. Secondly, this paper also investigates three typical radio astronomy metrics such as maximum baseline distance (MBD), the number of simultaneously observing telescopes, and the signal to interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) performance. Our evaluation results show that the satellite-based RASs have greater MBD, thus, better spatial resolution, than the ground-based RAS. Due to the greater antenna gain of the ground telescopes, the SINR performance of satellite-based RASs may have limitations comparatively. However, because of more RFI sources at ground RASs in reality, satellite-based RASs have better chances to avoid RFI impact and potential SINR advantages. Additionally, we also explore the advantages of NGSO satellite-based RAS from a communication side. Our analysis shows that the large-scale NGSO satellite-based RAS can offer more spectrum access to both SCS and RAS.
On the development of a reconfigurable readout for superconducting arrays (2020)

We describe the development of a reconfigurable frequency multiplexed readout system for superconducting arrays. This system is an upgrade to the ROACH2 based readout system we have developed for a number of balloon-borne and ground-based instruments including BLAST-TNG, OLIMPO, MUSCAT, Superspec and TolTEC. Specifically our development has targeted the RFSoC ZCU111 evaluation board of which the size, weight, power, and instantaneous bandwidth have made it an attractive candidate for future balloon-borne or space-based astronomical instruments. Applications for the new readout system focus primarily on: frequency multiplexed superconducting nanowires single-photon detectors, Kinetic inductance detectors, Transition Edge Sensors, and Quantum Capacitance detectors. We will discuss the overlapping readout requirements that drive the general firmware architecture. Preliminary measurements with the new readout system using different detector technologies will also be presented.
Effect of Ozone on the Stability of Solution-Processed Anthradithiophene-Based Organic Field-Effect Transistors (2014)

We have investigated the degradation effects of ozone exposure on organic field-effect transistors based on 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl)anthradithiophene as the organic semiconducting channel layer, as well as on thin films of this widely used, high-mobility, small molecule semiconductor. Electrical I–V measurements showed a loss of transistor characteristic behavior. We present 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy results as well as X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurements showing the oxidation of the parent molecule, from which we suggest various possible reaction paths.
A Computational Investigation of Dynamic Stabilization of Rayleigh-Bénard Convection Under System Acceleration (2020)

Abstract The static and dynamic stability of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a rectangular flow domain is computationally investigated. Sinusoidal vertical oscillations are applied to the system to provide dynamic flow stabilization. Stability maps are produced for a range of flow and heating conditions, and are compared to experimental measurements and linear stability analysis predictions from existing literature. Density variation is introduced through: 1) the Boussinesq approximation, 2) a linearly varying temperature dependent equation of state (EOS) and 3) the perfect gas EOS. Significant effects of choice of EOS on dynamic stability are observed. These weakly compressible flows are solved efficiently using an implicit numerical method that has been developed to solve the momentum, continuity, enthalpy and state equations simultaneously in fully coupled fashion. This block coupled system of equations is linearized with Newton’s method, and quadratic convergence is achieved. The details of these numerics are presented.
Sub-ppm NO2 Sensing in Temperature Cycled Mode with Ga Doped ZnO Thin Films Deposited by RF Sputtering (2019)

In this work Ga doped ZnO thin films have been deposited by RF magnetron sputtering onto a silicon micro-hotplate and their structural, microstructural and gas sensing properties have been studied. ZnO:Ga thin film with a thickness of 50 nm has been deposited onto a silicon based micro-hotplates without any photolithography process thanks to a low cost and reliable stencil mask process. Sub-ppm sensing (500 ppb) of NO2 gas at low temperature (50 °C) has been obtained with promising responses R/R0 up to 18.
Extended depth-of-field and 3D information extraction in digital holographic microscopy (2009)

A comparison of algorithms for depth-of-field extension in the particular field of digital holographic microscopy is presented. Using the reconstruction properties of holography, a simple 3D reconstruction method from a single hologram is deducted.
Future Perspectives: CAD to Quantitative Image Biomarkers, Phenotypes, and Imaging Genomics (2015)

Medical imaging in disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment continues to expand with advances in image quality regulations (e.g., the ACR mammography accreditation program), image acquisition systems (e.g., digital radiography, tomosynthesis, and automated 3D ultrasound), and computerized image analysis (e.g., computer-aided detection [CADe]). e benet of a medical imaging exam depends on both image quality and interpretation quality. Interpreting medical images is the main undertaking of radiologists. However, image interpretation by humans can be limited by incomplete visual search patterns, the potential for fatigue and distractions, the presence of structure noise (camouaging normal anatomical background) in the image, the presentation of subtle and/or complex cancers that require integration of both image data and clinical information, the vast amount of image data in a screening program with low cancer prevalence, and the physical quality of the image itself.
Inclusiveμandb-Quark Production Cross Sections inpp¯Collisions at√s=1.8TeV (1995)

We report a measurement of the inclusive muon and $b$-quark production cross sections in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1.8$ TeV using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The inclusive muon spectrum extends over the kinematic range $|{y}^{\ensuremath{\mu}}|&lt;0.8$ and $3.5&lt;{p}_{T}^{\ensuremath{\mu}}&lt;60\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}/c$, and is well described by the expected contributions from various known sources. The $b$-quark production cross section for $|{y}^{b}|&lt;1.0$ and ${p}_{T}^{b}&gt;6\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}/c$ is extracted, and agrees with next-to-leading order QCD predictions within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties.
Ligament of Marshall ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (2021)

Beyond pulmonary vein isolation, the two main additional strategies: Cox-Maze procedure or targeting of electrical signatures (focal bursts, rotational activities, meandering wavelets), remain controversial. High-density mapping of these arrhythmias has demonstrated firstly that a patchy lesion set is highly proarrhythmogenic, favoring macro-re-entry through conduction slowing and providing pivots for localized re-entry. Secondly, discrete anatomical structures such as the Vein or Ligament of Marshall (VOM/LOM) and the coronary sinus (CS) have epicardial muscular bundles that are more frequently involved in re-entry than previously thought. The Marshall Bundle can be ablated at any point along its course from the mid-to-distal coronary sinus to the left atrial appendage. If necessary, the VOM may be directly ablated using ethanol infusion to eliminate PV contributions and produce conduction block across the mistral isthmus. Ethanol ablation of the VOM, supplemented with RF ablation, may be more effective in producing conduction block at the mitral isthmus than repeat RF ablation alone.
Rhodium‐katalysierte Hydroformylierung innerer Alkine zu α,β‐ungesättigten Aldehyden (1995)

Unter milden Bedingungen – 1 atm Synthesegas und Raumtemperatur – lassen sich symmetrische innere Alkine selektiv und in guten Ausbeuten zu α,β‐ungesättigten Aldehyden umsetzen [Gl. (a)]. Diese Rh‐katalysierte Hydroformylierung läßt sich auch auf unsymmetrische Alkine übertragen, so daß unterschiedlich trisubstituierte Alkene zugänglich sind. magnified image
Highly Undersampled 3D Golden Ratio Radial Imaging with Iterative Reconstruction (2008)

Introduction Compressed Sensing (CS) [1,2] suggests that using nonlinear reconstruction algorithms based on convex optimization an accurate signal reconstruction can be obtained from a number of samples much lower than required by the Nyquist limit. Recently, CS was demonstrated for MR imaging from undersampled data [3, 4]. Prerequisites for a good image reconstruction are the image compressibility and the incoherence of the sampling scheme. To exploit the full potential of CS, measurement samples should be acquired at random. However, random sampling of the k-space is generally impractical. Variable density sampling schemes (radial, spiral) lead to incoherent aliasing and are also advantageous because of their higher sampling density about the k-space origin, where most of the signal energy is contained. 3D variable density sampling is potentially appropriate for CS, because the noise-like aliasing is distributed within the complete volume, allowing high undersampling factors. Image reconstruction from a low number of measurements could be very useful for dynamic 3D imaging, to reduce the often long acquisition times and thus improve temporal resolution in 3D MRI. In this work, we demonstrate the applicability of CS for 3D dynamic imaging using highly undersampled 3D radial acquisition with golden ratio profile ordering [5,6]. Methods A 3D radial sequence [7] was applied that aims for a quasi-isotropic distribution of radial profiles in 3D k-space over the total duration of a scan as well as over an arbitrary time window extracted from a scan for dynamic imaging. This is achieved by using 2D golden ratios α = 0.4656 and β = 0.6823 [8] to calculate the increments Δkz = 2α and Δφ = 2πβ (Fig. 1) for successively measured projections. The isotropic distribution of profiles over time was used to perform dynamic imaging, by reconstructing images from small sections of the data (frames), during which dynamic changes are considered to be negligible. Conventional gridding reconstruction of undersampled 3D radial data often leads to images in which the imaged object is visible, but compromised by aliasing artifacts. To improve the image quality, images for each frame were iteratively reconstructed, solving the constrained optimization problem