gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lower levels of α-Klotho in serum are associated with decreased lung function in individuals with interstitial lung abnormalities (2019)

Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) represent aging-associated bilateral interstitial abnormalities in nondependent areas of the lung. However, the aging mechanisms associated with ILA remain uncertain. α-Klotho is an anti-aging molecule that decreases progressively with age, and abnormally low circulating levels of this protein have been revealed in several chronic-degenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated α-Klotho serum concentrations in individuals with ILA, and examined whether its levels were associated with pulmonary function decline. α-Klotho was measured by ELISA in 50 respiratory asymptomatic adults with ILA and 150 healthy individuals over 60 years. Compared with controls, ILA subjects were predominantly older males, and showed lower lung diffusing capacity (DLCO), higher desaturation after exercise, and higher concentrations of serum matrix metalloprotease-7 (6.24 ± 4.1 versus 4.3 ± 1.7 ng/ml; p = 0.002). No differences were found in serum concentrations of α-Klotho. However, lower levels of this protein in ILA significantly correlated with lower values of forced vital capacity (Rho = 0.39; p = 0.005), forced expiratory volume in one second (Rho = 0.39; p = 0.005), and DLCO (Rho = 0.29, p = 0.04). These findings suggest that decreased concentrations of α-Klotho may be a predictive biomarker of accelerated decline of lung function in individuals with ILA.
Aren-Metallcluster: Metallatom-Bis(aren)metall-Chemie in flüssiger Phase (2006)

Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 381. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198203810
Mechanical properties and microstructures of resistance spot welded DP980 steel joints using pulsed current pattern (2013)

Dual phase 980 MPa grade (DP980) steel sheets were resistance spot welded using a pulsed current, and the effects of the pulsed current on the strength properties of the joints were investigated. The pulsed current improved the mechanical properties of the joints in cross tensile tests. In situ observations during tear tests revealed that the ductility of the nugget was improved and that the propagation of cracks into the nugget was inhibited when the pulsed current was used. Microstructural observations and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of the nugget showed that the segregation of phosphorus at the nugget was reduced in the joint welded using the pulsed current, suggesting that the pulsed current improved the ductility of the nugget by altering their microstructures.
Magnetic susceptibility studies of laccase and oxyhemocyanin. (1978)

The magnetic susceptibility of Rhus vernicifera laccase has been remeasured over the temperature range 5-260 K. In contrast to our previous results [Solomon, E.I., Dooley, D. M., Wang R.-H., Gray, H.B., Cerdonio, M., Mogno, F. & Romani, G. L. (1975) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98, 1029-1031] linear chi versus T-1 behavior was observed. The susceptibility of Limulus polyphemus oxyhemocyanin has also been measured in the range 5-260 K. Only weak paramagnetism, attributable to dissolved oxygen and a small amount of paramagnetic impurities, was observed. Analysis of the data establishes a lower limit of 550 cm-1 for J, consistent with our earlier work. The temperature dependence of the susceptibility of laccase is quantitatively accounted for by the presence of two paramagnetic copper ions (types 1 and 2) per enzyme molecule. Curie law behavior at low temperatures rules out significant interaction between the two coppper types, indicating that these redox centers are well separated (several angstroms) and are not connected by bridging ligands. Formulation of the type 3 site as binuclear Cu(II) requires J greater than or equal to 500 cm-1.
Selenocysteine in Native Chemical Ligation and Expressed Protein Ligation (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSelenocysteine in Native Chemical Ligation and Expressed Protein LigationRobert J. Hondal, Bradley L. Nilsson, and Ronald T. RainesView Author Information Department of Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 21, 5140–5141Publication Date (Web):May 4, 2001Publication History Received14 December 2000Published online4 May 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005885thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005885trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4114Altmetric-Citations240LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Ligation,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Protein dynamics Get e-Alerts
Rac1 Protein Rescues Neurite Retraction Caused by G2019S Leucine-rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) (2011)

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are currently the most common genetic cause of familial late-onset Parkinson disease, which is clinically indistinguishable from idiopathic disease. The most common pathological mutation in LRRK2, G2019S LRRK2, is known to cause neurite retraction. However, molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of neurite length by LRRK2 are unknown. Here, we demonstrate a novel interaction between LRRK2 and the Rho GTPase, Rac1, which plays a critical role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling necessary for the maintenance of neurite morphology. LRRK2 binds strongly to endogenous or expressed Rac1, while showing weak binding to Cdc42 and no binding to RhoA. Co-expression with LRRK2 increases Rac1 activity, as shown by increased binding to the p21-activated kinase, which modulates actin cytoskeletal dynamics. LRRK2 constructs carrying mutations that inactivate the kinase or GTPase activities do not activate Rac1. Interestingly, LRRK2 does not increase levels of membrane-bound Rac1 but dramatically changes the cellular localization of Rac1, causing polarization, which is augmented further when LRRK2 is co-expressed with constitutively active Rac1. Four different disease-related mutations in LRRK2 altered binding to Rac1, with the G2019S and R1441C LRRK2 mutations attenuating Rac1 binding and the Y1699C and I2020T LRRK2 mutations increasing binding. Co-expressing Rac1 in SH-SY5Y cells rescues the G2019S mutant phenotype of neurite retraction. We hypothesize that pathological mutations in LRRK2 attenuates activation of Rac1, causing disassembly of actin filaments, leading to neurite retraction. The interactions between LRRK2 and Rho GTPases provide a novel pathway through which LRRK2 might modulate cellular dynamics and contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing Enzyme Specificity (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integration of Microseismic Data and an Unconventional Fracture Modeling Tool to Generate the Hydraulically Induced Fracture Network: A Case Study From the Cardium Formation, West Central Alberta, Canada (2015)

Geometries of fractures, both natural and hydraulically induced, are commonly represented by a discrete fracture network (DFN) in reservoir simulations. Although microseismic data is the best diagnostic tool for imaging the volume of rock fractured, its incompleteness in representing the total deformation presents a challenge in interpreting the complex fracture networks from hydraulic fracturing. While microseismicity under-represents most of the tensile fracture volume created, the hydraulic fracturing modeling software can, in principle, generate the full hydraulically induced fracture network. Unlike other simulation methods that assume simple planar geometry, the unconventional fracture model (UFM) simulates complex fracture structure, but requires a reliable description of natural fractures in the formations with determined locations of the fracture patches as the input. The DFNs derived from measurements such as well bore image logs and seismic properties have large uncertainties due to gross differences in scale of measurement compared with the hydraulic fracture process. Microseismic data can be used as direct evidence of hydraulically induced fracture propagation to calibrate the fracture model, as a constraint to the DFN used in UFM to recover information such as the effective surface area, aperture and retained permeability. This study presents a workflow to use the microseismic data including source mechanism information in UFM for complex fracture calibration and simulation. A dual well monitoring data set from 8-stages of a 30 stage sliding-sleeve hydraulic fracturing treatment in the Cardium formation, west central Alberta, Canada is used as a case study to demonstrate the workflow. First, moment tensor inversion is conducted to estimate the fault plane solutions. Second, a DFN is extracted from the microseismic event locations and fault plane solutions. Third, rheology and geomechanics models generated from the well logs from the offset wells are calibrated by applying the DFN from the second step as the input into UFM to match the microseismic geometry and treating pressure. Last, the simulated complex fracture networks with full information, such as aperture and conductivity, are input to reservoir simulation for production simulation and reservoir management. This approach is compared with a traditional P3D fracture model. The results shows that using the DFN extracted from the microseismic data reduces the uncertainty of the models input into the hydraulic fracturing modeling and results in better pressure and geometry fitting.
Sign determination methods for the respiratory signal in data-driven PET gating (2015)

Respiratory motion correction in PET imaging is of crucial importance in the thorax. On current scanners, respiratory gating is performed based on the signal of an external device. Recent methods extract a respiratory signal from raw PET data exploiting data driven (DD) methods, avoiding the use of external equipment and having potential increased fidelity to internal motion. However, many of these DD methods determine the signal up to an arbitrary scale factor: it is not known if maxima and minima in the signal are related to end-inspiration or end-expiration states, possibly causing inaccurate motion correction. The aim of this work is to propose methods based on PCA and compare their performance on clinical data with other existing methods based on registration of reconstructed gates.
5G Wireless Access (2015)

5G is the next step in the evolution of mobile communication and a key component of the future networked society. It will include the evolution of LTE as well as new non-backwards-compatible technology. With capabilities such as massive system capacity, higher data rates, very low latency and ultra-high reliability, 5G will provide significantly enhanced mobile-broadband experience but also support a wide range of new wireless applications and use cases. Key technology components include operation at higher frequency bands and flexible spectrum usage, advanced multi-antenna/multi-site transmission, lean transmission, access/backhaul integration, and possibility for direct device-to-device communication.
Topological Principles of Borosilicate Glass Chemistry (2011)

Borosilicate glasses display a rich complexity of chemical behavior depending on the details of their composition and thermal history. Noted for their high chemical durability and thermal shock resistance, borosilicate glasses have found a variety of important uses from common household and laboratory glassware to high-tech applications such as liquid crystal displays. In this paper, we investigate the topological principles of borosilicate glass chemistry covering the extremes from pure borate to pure silicate end members. Based on NMR measurements, we present a two-state statistical mechanical model of boron speciation in which addition of network modifiers leads to a competition between the formation of nonbridging oxygen and the conversion of boron from trigonal to tetrahedral configuration. Using this model, we derive a detailed topological representation of alkali-alkaline earth-borosilicate glasses that enables the accurate prediction of properties such as glass transition temperature, liquid fragility, and hardness. The modeling approach enables an understanding of the microscopic mechanisms governing macroscopic properties. The implications of the glass topology are discussed in terms of both the temperature and thermal history dependence of the atomic bond constraints and the influence on relaxation behavior. We also observe a nonlinear evolution of the jump in isobaric heat capacity at the glass transition when substituting SiO(2) for B(2)O(3), which can be accurately predicted using a combined topological and thermodynamic modeling approach.
Estradiol-Induced Increase of the LH Responsiveness to LH Releasing Hormone (LHRH) in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells in Culture (1976)

The effect of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on LH secretion was studied using rat adenohypophyseal cells in primary culture. Preincubation of cells with 1 X 10(-9) M E2 for 40 h decreased the concentration of LHRH required for half-maximal stimulation (ED50) of LH release from 3.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.6 +/- 0.2 X 10(-10)M (P less than 0.01). Basal LH release was increased from 84 +/- 4 to 182 +/- 8 ng LH-RP-1/ml/4h (P less than 0.01) by E2 pretreatment. Time-course experiments showed that the stimulatory effect of 10(-8)M E2 on the LH response to LHRH can be first measured after 10 h of incubation in the presence of E2 and that this effect is maximal after 24 h of incubation with the steroid. While E2 increases the LH responsiveness to LHRH, androgens decrease the sensitivity of LH-secreting cells to the neurohormone. The LHRH ED50 value of testosterone-treated cells is of 7.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.7 +/- 0.3 X 10(-10)M for control cells (P less than 0.01). E2 can only partially reverse this inhibitory effect of androgens on the LH response to LHRH. These data show clearly that E2 can have a direct stimulatory effect on LH-secreting cells to increase the sensitivity of their response to LHRH.
mTEC damage risks immune recovery (2021)

Whether autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is free from graft-versus-host disease is controversial. Alawam et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211239) now demonstrate that prolonged damage in thymic medullary epithelial cells causes the failure in self-tolerance in newly generated T cells and provokes post-transplant autoimmunity.
<title>Design And Fabrication Of Single-Mode Cable</title> (1983)

The optical attenuation and chromatic dispersion of single-mode fiber is reviewed on the basis of an optimum fiber design for 1.3 &mu;m operation. Two designs of optical fiber cable and their optical performance are discussed.
Algebraic Dynamic Multilevel Method for Single-phase Flow in Heterogeneous Geothermal Reservoirs (2018)

Summary Accurate numerical simulation of coupled fluid flow and heat transfer in heterogeneous geothermal reservoirs demand for high resolution computational grids. The resulting fine-scale discrete systems--though crucial for accurate predictions--are typically upscaled to lower resolution systems due to computational efficiency concerns. Therefore, advanced scalable methods which are efficient and accurate for real-field applications are more than ever on demand. To address this need, we present an algebraic dynamic multilevel method for flow and heat transfer in heterogeneous formations, which allows for different temperature values for fluid and rock. The fine-scale fully-implicit discrete system is mapped to a dynamic multilevel grid, the solution at which are connected through local basis functions. These dynamic grid cells are imposed such that the sub-domain of sharp gradients are resolved at fine-scale, while the rest of the domain remains at lower (coarser) resolutions. In order to guarantee the quality of the local (heat front) components, advanced multiscale basis functions are employed for global (fluid pressure and rock temperature) unknowns at coarser grids. Numerical test cases are presented for homogeneous and heterogeneous domains, where ADM employs only a small fraction of the fine-scale grids to find accurate complex nonlinear thermal flow solutions. As such, it develops a promising scalable framework for field-scale geothermal simulations.
Preliminary field tests results of ISDB-Tb digital TV transmission in the VHF-high band (2015)

This paper presents preliminary results of field measurements carried out for evaluating the operation of the ISDB-T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</inf> standard digital TV in the VHF-high band. Measurements were performed in urban, suburban and rural areas in a medium-sized Brazilian city. The analysis includes results of static reception measurements for evaluating the received field strength and the signal to noise ratio thresholds for correct signal decoding. A comparison with theoretical values of field strength is also presented.
Estimation and prediction of energy-based link costs for mobile ad hoc networks (2005)

Energy-efficient operation is essential for mobile networking devices due to their limited energy reserves. Unnecessary energy is expended when transmitted power that does not correspond to that required for correct reception of the signal at the intended recipient. In addition to conserving energy, transmitting with appropriate power can increase spatial reuse, resulting in higher throughput and lower delay, and can reduce the probability of signal interception and detection (LPI/LPD). The main problem in varying transmission power is determining the attenuation of wireless links in a dynamic environment, where nodes are in motion, and link power requirements are continually changing. We propose a signal processing approach for estimating and predicting these dynamics. Instantaneous power measurements collected from received packets are processed with an adaptive, finite impulse response filter based on the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm. The filter is capable of detecting and extrapolating trends in the observed process based on past measurements to predict its state at a future time. Nodes employ this capability in two ways. First, they determine the minimum power required at the time when a packet is ready to be transmitted. Second, they generate energy-based cost and quality metrics for each link that can be used to select optimal multi-hop routing paths. We evaluate the performance of this approach in networks consisting of nodes capable of transmitting with variable power and routing via minimal energy paths. The results indicate a significant potential for increased energy efficiency in wireless ad hoc networks.
Triazolyl Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes: a Class of Potent and Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonists (2010)

Herein we report a detailed description of the structure-activity relationships for a novel series of "C-linked" 1,2,4-triazolylazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. These derivatives are endowed with very high in vitro affinity and selectivity for the dopamine D(3) receptor. An optimization with respect to undesired affinity toward the hERG potassium channel is also reported. Members of this compound series also show excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
Use of spy nuclei for relaxation studies in nuclear magnetic resonance (1981)

A technique is proposed which simplifies the study of spin-lattice relaxation in multilevel nuclear spin systems. The introduction of non-participating \\"spy\\" nuclei, which interact with the nuclei under investigation through scalar or dipolar coupling, makes it possible to monitor relaxation due to dipolar, quadrupolar and random field interactions. Two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy was used to provide a direct visualization of the relaxation matrix. [on SciFinder (R)]
Formation of a crosslinked POSS network by an unusual hydrosilylation: Thermo‐oxidative stabilization of the α‐cristobalite phase in its amorphous regions (2012)

Abstract A semicrystalline inorganic–organic hybrid crosslinked network containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cores was constructed by the unusual hydrosilylation of the terminal vinyl groups of an internal acetylene‐containing silane linker by a POSS monomer. Products from the thermal treatments of this network in either argon or air at 250, 550, and 1000 °C, respectively, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Solid‐state 13 C and 29 Si magic angle spinning NMR, X‐ray diffraction and XPS analyses. The highly symmetrically functionalized POSS silica clusters, in the fluorite silica phase, in the network were found to remain unchanged on thermal treatment possibly due to the shielding of the silica core by the functionalities and a cancellation of thermal stresses on the silica core. Stabilization of the metastable α‐cristobalite phase, which is typically formed on cooling by a β‐ to α‐transition of the β‐cristobalite phase formed above 1400 °C, was observed in the amorphous regions in the network sample treated only to 1000 °C in air. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Metabolic engineering of capsular polysaccharides (2018)

With rising concerns about sustainable practices, environmental complications, and declining resources, metabolic engineers are transforming microorganisms into cellular factories for producing capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). This review provides an overview of strategies employed for the metabolic engineering of heparosan, chondroitin, hyaluronan, and polysialic acid - four CPSs that are of interest for manufacturing a variety of biomedical applications. Methods described include the exploitation of wild-type and engineered native CPS producers, as well as genetically engineered heterologous hosts developed through the improvement of naturally existing pathways or newly (de novo) designed ones. The implementation of methodologies like gene knockout, promoter engineering, and gene expression level control has resulted in multiple-fold improvements in CPS fermentation titers compared with wild-type strains, and substantial increases in productivity, reaching as high as 100% in some cases. Optimization of these biotechnological processes can permit the adoption of industrially competitive engineered microorganisms to replace traditional sources that are generally toxic, unreliable, and inconsistent in product quality.