gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An innovative educational program for addressing health disparities in translational cancer research (2020)

North Carolina Central University (NCCU) and Duke Cancer Institute implemented an NCI-funded Translational Cancer Disparities Research Partnership to enhance translational cancer research, increase the pool of underrepresented racial and ethnic group (UREG) researchers in the translational and clinical research workforce, and equip UREG trainees with skills to increase diversity in clinical trials. The Cancer Research Education Program (C-REP) provided training for UREG graduate students and postdoctoral fellows at Duke and NCCU. An innovative component of C-REP is the Translational Immersion Experience (TIE), which enabled Scholars to gain knowledge across eight domains of clinical and translational research (clinical trials operations, data monitoring, regulatory affairs, UREG accrual, biobanking, community engagement, community outreach, and high-throughput drug screening). Program-specific evaluative metrics were created for three broad domains (clinical operations, basic science/lab research, and population-based science) and eight TIE domains. Two cohorts (<i>n</i> = 13) completed pre- and post-surveys to determine program impact and identify recommendations for program improvement. Scholars reported statistically significant gains in knowledge across three broad domains of biomedical research and seven distinct areas within TIE. Training in translational research incorporating immersions in clinical trials operation, biobanking, drug development, and community engagement adds value to career development of UREG researchers.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Cyclizations of Cyclic Ene Sulfonamides Occur with β‐Elimination of Sulfonyl Radicals to Form Polycyclic Imines. (2014)

Abstract The title reaction affords fused and spirocyclic imines with five‐, six‐ and seven‐membered rings.
Single-molecule measurements of trapped and migrating circular DNA during electrophoresis in agarose gels (2006)

The effect of agarose gel concentration and field strength on the electrophoretic trapping of open (relaxed) circular DNA was investigated using microscopic measurements of individual molecules stained with a fluorescent dye. Three open circles with sizes of 52.5, 115, and 220 kbp were trapped by the electric field (6 V/cm) and found to be predominately fixed and stretched at a single point in the gel. The length of the stretched circles did not significantly change with agarose concentration of the gels (mass fractions of 0.0025, 0.01, and 0.02). The relaxation kinetics of the trapped circles was also measured in the gels. The relaxation of the large open circles was found to be a slow process, taking several seconds. The velocity and average length of the 52.5 kbp open circles and 48.5 kbp linear DNA were measured during electrophoresis in the agarose gels. The velocity increased when the agarose concentrations were lowered, but the average length of the open-circle DNA (during electrophoresis) did not significantly change with agarose gel concentrations. The circles move through the gels by cycles of stretching and relaxation during electrophoresis. Linear dichroism was also used to investigate the trapping and alignment of the 52.5 kbp open circles. The results in this study provide information that can be used to improve electrophoretic separations of circular DNA, an important form of genetic material and commonly used to clone DNA.
Infectious risks and outcomes after stem cell transplantation: are nonmyeloablative transplants changing the picture? (2002)

Infectious risks and outcomes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation appear to be in evolution given the introduction of alternative, nonmyeloablative conditioning regimens. Although infections remain a prominent cause of transplant-related mortality, the timing and types of infections may differ. Further studies are necessary to define appropriate preventative strategies, and to determine whether patients with ongoing infections might benefit from nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
The Ellipso (TM) mobile satellite system (1995)

The Ellipso(trademark) Mobile Satellite System is conceived to extend telecommunication services throughout the world to users that are not well, or not at all served by existing mobile or fixed telephone systems. Unlike cellular telephones, Ellipso(trademark) offers fully nationwide service to every served country, thereby providing service to users located anywhere within the national boundaries, no matter how isolated or remote. With Ellipso(trademark), a user in the middle of a wilderness area will have the same mobile telecommunications service as a user in a major metropolitan area. Ellipso(trademark) uses medium earth orbiting (MEO) satellites and an efficient system design to reach its subscribers directly and at a price that is competitive with terrestrial telephone services. The subscriber only requires a clear view of a serving satellite to achieve a connection and to connect to anyone else served by the national telecommunications system. Subscribers within view of two or more satellites will benefit from Ellipso's(trademark) unique satellite diversity processing, using all available satellites simultaneously to optimize circuit quality.
Flexible Tactile Sensor Fabricated using Polymer Membrane (2006)

We present the fabrication process and the characteristics of a flexible tactile sensor by silicon micromachining, polymer processing and packaging technologies. The fabrication process for the tactile sensor was composed of in the fabrication of sensor chips and their packaging on the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The variation rate of resistance was about 4.6%/N when normal force was applied. This sensor can be used to sense touch, pressure, and slip because the signals are is are determined by the variations of resistance of the metal strain gauge for normal and shear force in tactile sensor.
A Facile System for Genetic Incorporation of Two Different Noncanonical Amino Acids into One Protein in Escherichia coli (2010)

Ein ideales Paar: Indem die Ochre-Mutation mit einem Wildtyp- oder einem modifizierten PylRS-pylTUUA-Paar und die Amber-Mutation mit einem modifizierten MjTyrRS-Mj-Paar unterdrückt wurde, konnten zwei verschiedene nichtkanonische Aminosäuren (NAAs) gemeinsam hoch effizient in ein Protein von E. coli eingebaut werden (siehe Bild, mit den NAAs 1–4; GFP=grün fluoreszierendes Protein). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Industrial indoor measurements from 2—6 GHz for the 3GPP-NR and QuaDRiGa channel model (2019)

Providing reliable low latency wireless links for advanced manufacturing and processing systems is a vision of Industry 4.0. Developing, testing and rating requires accurate models of the radio propagation channel. The current 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) new radio (NR) model as well as the quasi deterministic radio channel generator (QuaDRiGa) lack the propagation parameters for the industrial indoor scenario. To close this gap, measurements were conducted at 2.37 GHz and 5.4 GHz at operational Siemens premises in Nuremberg, Germany. Furthermore, the campaign was planned to allow the test and parameterization of new features of the QuaDRiGa channel model such as support for device-to-device (D2D) radio links and spatial consistency. A total of 5.9 km measurement track was used to extract the statistical model parameters for line of sight (LOS) and Non-LOS propagation conditions. It was found that the metallic walls and objects in the halls create a rich scattering environment, where a large number of multipath components arrive at the receiver from all directions. This leads to a robust communication link, provided that the transceivers can handle the interference. The extracted parameters can be used in geometric-stochastic channel models such as QuaDRiGa to support simulation studies, both on link and system level.
Effects of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase‐Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) on cAMP Formation and Growth Hormone Release from Chicken Anterior Pituitary Cellsa (1998)

status: Published
Immunohistochemical analysis of Mcl-1 protein in human tissues. Differential regulation of Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 protein production suggests a unique role for Mcl-1 in control of programmed cell death in vivo. (1995)

The mcl-1 gene encodes an approximately 37-kd protein that has significant homology with Bcl-2, an inhibitor of programmed cell death that is expressed in many types of long-lived cells. In this study we determined the in vivo patterns of Mcl-1 protein production in normal human tissues by immunohistochemical means, using specific polyclonal antisera, and made comparisons with Bcl-2. Like Bcl-2, Mcl-1 immunostaining was observed in epithelial cells in a variety of tissues, including prostate, breast, endometrium, epidermis, stomach, intestine, colon, and respiratory tract. However, often the expression of mcl-1 and bcl-2 in complex epithelia occurred in gradients with opposing directions, such that Bcl-2 immunostaining tended to be higher in the less differentiated cells lining the basement membrane, whereas Mcl-1 immunostaining was more intense in the differentiated cells located in the upper layers of these epithelia. The in vivo patterns of mcl-1 and bcl-2 expression were also strikingly different in several other tissues as well. Within the secondary follicles of lymph nodes and tonsils, for example, germinal center lymphocytes were Mcl-1 positive but mostly lacked Bcl-2; whereas mantle zone lymphocytes expressed bcl-2 but not mcl-1. Intense Mcl-1 immunoreactivity was also detected in several types of neuroendocrine cells, including the adrenal cortical cells that are Bcl-2 negative, sympathetic neurons that also contain Bcl-2, a subpopulation of cells in the pancreatic islets, Leydig cells of the testis, and granulosa lutein cells of the ovarian corpus luteum but not in thyroid epithelium, which is strongly Bcl-2 positive. Little or no Mcl-1 was detected in neurons in the brain and spinal cord, in contrast to Bcl-2, which is present in several types of central nervous system neurons. Conversely, strong Mcl-1 immunostaining was found in cardiac and skeletal muscle, which contain comparatively less Bcl-2. Additional types of cells that are Bcl-2-negative but that expressed mcl-1 include chondrocytes and hepatocytes. These findings demonstrate that mcl-1 expression is widespread in vivo and imply that the Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 proteins fulfill different roles in the overall physiology of cell death regulation.
Enantioselective synthesis of (S)-α-arylpropionic acids via Pd-catalyzed kinetic resolution of benzylic alcohols (2005)

A convenient synthetic route for the synthesis of three (S)-α-propionic acids, (S)-naproxen (90% ee), (S)-ibuprofen (82% ee) and (S)-phenylpropionic acid (92% ee) is described. Pd-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution ofthe corresponding benzylic alcohols is used as a key step to introduce stereogenicity into the molecule.
Rational Design of Charge‐Neutral, Near‐Infrared‐Emitting Osmium(II) Complexes and OLED Fabrication (2009)

Abstract A new series of charge neutral Os(II) isoquinolyl triazolate complexes ( 1 – 4 ) with both trans and cis arrangement of phosphine donors are synthesized, and their structural, electrochemical and photophysical properties are established. In sharp contrast to the cis ‐arranged complexes 2 – 4 , the trans derivative 1 , which shows a planar arrangement of chromophoric N ‐substituted chelates, offers the most effective extended π ‐delocalization and hence the lowest excited state energy gap. These complexes exhibit phosphorescence with peak wavelengths ranging from 692–805 nm in degassed CH 2 Cl 2 at room temperature. Near‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting electroluminescent devices employing 6 wt % of 1 (or 4 ) doped in Alq 3 host material are successfully fabricated. The devices incorporating 1 as NIR phosphor exhibit fairly intense emission with a peak wavelength at 814 nm. Forward radiant emittance reaches as high as 65.02 µW cm −2 , and a peak EQE of ∼1.5% with devices employing Alq 3 , TPBi and/or TAZ as electron‐transporting/exciton‐blocking layers. Upon switching to phosphor 4 , the electroluminescence blue shifts to 718 nm, while the maximum EQE and radiance increase to 2.7% and 93.26 (μW cm −2 ) respectively. Their performances are optimized upon using TAZ as the electron transporting and exciton‐blocking material. The OLEDs characterized represent the only NIR‐emitting devices fabricated using charge‐neutral and volatile Os(II) phosphors via thermal vacuum deposition.
Development of the Structure for Enhancing Capillary Force of the Thin Flat Heat Pipe Based on Extrusion Fabrication (2016)

전자 통신 분야에서 히트파이프를 활용한 방열기술은 점차 늘어나고 있다. 특히 전자 패키지 응용에서는 원형 단면 히트파이프에 비해 평판 형상의 얇은 히트파이프가 보다 더 적용하기에 용이하다. 압출 공정에 기반한 평판 히트파이프는 내벽에 사각 단면 그루브들로 이루어진 단순한 모세관 윅 구조를 갖는다. 그루브 윅이 내벽에 다수 개 설치가 된다고 하더라도 상대적으로 높은 모세관력을 달성하기는 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 그루브 윅의 모세관력 향상을 위해 와이어 다발을 적용한 평판 히트파이프의 제작 및 성능평가 실험을 수행하였다. 실험을 통해 와이어 다발을 윅으로 갖는 평판 히트파이프의 열저항 및 열전달률이 그루브 윅 평판 히트파이프에 비해 각각 3.4배와 3.8배 가량 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 와이어 다발을 통한 모세관력 향상 효과를 실험적으로 확인하였으며, 향후 상용화를 위한 연구를 진행할 계획이다.
Summarising complex ICU data in natural language: demonstration of the BT-45 system. (2008)

As ICUs generate increasing amounts of information, writing medical reports involves complex time-consuming reasoning to build a coherent text which will be meaningful to those who will use it for decision making (e.g.: for nurse handover). Moreover, it has been shown that summarizing complex multi-channel physiological and discrete data in natural language (text) can lead to better decision-making in the intensive care unit (ICU). To facilitate this summarisation, as part of the BabyTalk project, we have developed a system called BT-45 that automatically generates textual summaries from periods of continuous and discrete data in a neonatal ICU. The demonstration will show the system running on real data and will detail the steps in the construction of the final text. Although these summaries are not yet as good as those generated by human experts, we have demonstrated experimentally that they lead to as good decision-making as can be achieved through presenting the same data graphically.
FoodSIS (2014)

Food safety is an important health issue in Singapore as the number of food poisoning cases have increased significantly over the past few decades. The National Environment Agency of Singapore (NEA) is the primary government agency responsible for monitoring and mitigating the food safety risks. In an effort to pro-actively monitor emerging food safety issues and to stay abreast with developments related to food safety in the world, NEA tracks the World Wide Web as a source of news feeds to identify food safety related articles. However, such information gathering is a difficult and time consuming process due to information overload. In this paper, we present FoodSIS, a system for end-to-end web information gathering for food safety. FoodSIS improves efficiency of such focused information gathering process with the use of machine learning techniques to identify and rank relevant content. We discuss the challenges in building such a system and describe how thoughtful system design and recent advances in machine learning provide a framework that synthesizes interactive learning with classification to provide a system that is used in daily operations. We conduct experiments and demonstrate that our classification approach results in improving the efficiency by average 35% compared to a conventional approach and the ranking approach leads to average 16% improvement in elevating the ranks of relevant articles.
3He MRI in mouse models of asthma (2007)

In the study of asthma, a vital role is played by mouse models, because knockout or transgenic methods can be used to alter disease pathways and identify therapeutic targets that affect lung function. Assessment of lung function in rodents by available methods is insensitive because these techniques lack regional specificity. A more sensitive method for evaluating lung function in human asthma patients uses hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He MRI before and after bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine (MCh). We now report the ability to perform such (3)He imaging of MCh response in mice, where voxels must be approximately 3000 times smaller than in humans and (3)He diffusion becomes an impediment to resolving the airways. We show three-dimensional (3D) images that reveal airway structure down to the fifth branching and visualize ventilation at a resolution of 125 x 125 x 1000 microm(3). Images of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice acquired after MCh show both airway closure and ventilation loss. To also observe the MCh response in naive mice, we developed a non-slice-selective 2D protocol with 187 x 187 microm(2) resolution that was fast enough to record the MCh response and recovery with 12-s temporal resolution. The extension of (3)He MRI to mouse models should make it a valuable translational tool in asthma research.
TAS/MRC in cognitive relay networks over Rayleigh fading channels with correlated antennas (2014)

In this paper, we investigate the impact of multiple correlated antennas on the performance of transmit antenna selection with receive maximal ratio combining (TAS/MRC) model. Multiple correlated antennas are considered at the primary and secondary users in dual-hop underlay cognitive radio system. The transmit power condition of our proposed spectrum-sharing system is governed by interference temperature limit on the primary networks and the maximum transmission power at the secondary network. An exact expression for the outage probability of the proposed system is derived. To gain further insights, simple asymptotic expression for the outage probability is provided to obtain the achievable diversity order and coding gain of the system. All derived analytical results are corroborated by simulation results to show the correctness of our derived results.
Thermal Isomerization of Cohumulone (2009)

Thermal isomerization is a key step in converting α-acids into iso-α-acids during the kettle boiling process. In an effort to understand the nature of this reaction in order to produce iso-α-acids more efficiently, we studied the thermal isomerization reaction of α-acids under more closely controlled conditions in the absence of acids, bases, metal catalysts, oxygen, and light. Cohumulone was synthesized as the starting compound and thermally isomerized in nonaqueous solutions under a dark, nitrogen environment. We found that mainly cis-isocohumulone was very inefficiently produced, which might be followed by a nonconcerted reaction. The stereochemical assignment of cis- and trans-isocohumulones was reinvestigated using 13C NMR techniques, including the nuclear Overhauser effect, off-resonance decoupling, and integration using chromium acetylacetonate.
TRB3 Links the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase COP1 to Lipid Metabolism (2006)

During fasting, increased concentrations of circulating catecholamines promote the mobilization of lipid stores from adipose tissue in part by phosphorylating and inactivating acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. Here, we describe a parallel pathway, in which the pseudokinase Tribbles 3 (TRB3), whose abundance is increased during fasting, stimulates lipolysis by triggering the degradation of ACC in adipose tissue. TRB3 promoted ACC ubiquitination through an association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase constitutive photomorphogenic protein 1 (COP1). Indeed, adipocytes deficient in TRB3 accumulated larger amounts of ACC protein than did wild-type cells. Because transgenic mice expressing TRB3 in adipose tissue are protected from diet-induced obesity due to enhanced fatty acid oxidation, these results demonstrate how phosphorylation and ubiquitination pathways converge on a key regulator of lipid metabolism to maintain energy homeostasis.
Telomere length tracking in children and their parents: implications for adult onset diseases (2019)

Adults with comparatively short or long leukocyte telomere length (LTL) typically continue to display comparatively short or long LTL throughout life. This LTL tracking stems from the inability of person-to-person variation in age-dependent LTL shortening during adulthood to offset the wide interindividual LTL variation established prior to adult life. However, LTL tracking in children is unstudied. This study aimed to examine LTL shortening rates and tracking in children and their parents. Longitudinal study in children (<i>n</i> = 67) and their parents (<i>n</i> = 99), whose ages at baseline were 11.4 ± 0.3 and 43.4 ± 0.4 yr, respectively. LTL was measured by Southern blotting at baseline and ∼14 yr thereafter. LTL displayed tracking in both children [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.905, <i>P</i> < 0.001] and their parents (ICC = 0.856, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The children's rate of LTL shortening was twice that of their parents (40.7 ± 2.5 bp/yr; 20.3 ± 2.1 bp/yr, respectively; <i>P</i> < 0.0001). LTL tracking applies not only to adulthood but also to the second decade of life. Coupled with previous work showing that the interindividual variation in LTL across newborns is as wide as in their parents, these findings support the thesis that the LTL-adult disease connection is principally determined before the second decade of life, perhaps mainly at birth.-Benetos, A., Verhulst, S., Labat, C., Lai, T.-P., Girerd, N., Toupance, S., Zannad, F., Rossignol, P., Aviv, A. Telomere length tracking in children and their parents: implications for adult onset diseases.
Immunology in cancer (1992)

Genetic derangements clearly play an important role in the neoplastic transformation of many, if not all, forms of human cancer. It has become equally apparent, however, that the host response to malignancy often determines the natural history of such transformed cells. Our understanding of the interaction between malignant cells and cellular effectors of the immune system, cytokines, and growth factors has greatly expanded over the past decade, providing the basis for developing specific, effective treatment. Markers for T-cell specificity, including molecular control of cytokine synthesis and T-cell receptor V alpha and V beta usage, have been developed. Transfection of cytokine genes into tumor cells and lymphocytes has provided valuable basic knowledge and a potentially important new form of treatment. This review discusses these and other important new developments in immunology and cancer research, emphasizing the complexity of the immune system and its response to cancer.
Elucidation of the structure of olivoretin A and D (teleocidin B). (1984)

The known metabolites, indole-3-aldehyde, indole-3-carboxylic acid, cyclo-Leu-Val, cyclo-Pro-Leu and phenyl acetamide were isolated from Streptoverticillium olivoreticuli together with pimprinin derivatives. Four more complex natural products having strong vesicatory toxicity, olivoretin A, B, C and D, were also isolated and based on the chemical correlation with D, A was proved to be O-methyl olivoretin D. By X-ray analysis the structure of olivoretin D, having strong epigenetic activities, was found to have exactly the same structure as teleocidin B.
Characterization of Zirconia Nanoparticles Produced by Biomimetic Condensation (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.