gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silencing megalin and cubilin genes inhibits myeloma light chain endocytosis and ameliorates toxicity in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (2008)

Using target-specific short interfering (si) RNAs, we silenced the tandem endocytic receptors megalin and cubilin genes in cultured human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. Transfection by siRNA resulted in up to 90% suppression of both megalin and cubilin protein and mRNA expression. In HK-2 cells exposed to kappa-light chain for up to 24 h, light chain endocytosis was reduced in either megalin- or cubilin-silenced cells markedly but incompletely. Simultaneous silencing of both the cubilin and megalin genes, however, resulted in near-complete inhibition of light chain endocytosis, as determined by measuring kappa-light chain protein concentration in cell cytoplasm and by flow cytometry using FITC-labeled kappa-light chain. In these cells, light chain-induced cytokine responses (interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as well as the associated cellular and morphological alterations were also markedly suppressed. The results demonstrate that light chain endocytosis is predominantly mediated by the megalin-cubilin tandem endocytic receptor and identify endocytosis as a key step in light chain cytotoxicity. Blocking light chain endocytosis prevents its nephrotoxic effects on human kidney proximal tubule cells.
C2-Symmetric Enantiopure Ethanotethered Bis(α,β-butenolides) as Templates for Asymmetric Synthesis. Application to the Synthesis of (+)-Grandisol1 (2003)

Starting from D-mannitol, we have prepared several C(2)-symmetric ethanotethered bis(alpha,beta-butenolides) and studied their [2+2] photocycloaddition reaction with ethylene. The protective groups of the central diol unit have a noticeable influence on the facial selectivity of the cycloaddition, the bis(trimethylsilyloxy) derivatives showing the highest diastereoselectivity. A theoretical conformational analysis of the substrates in the ground state is in good agreement with the diastereofacial selectivity experimentally observed. The bis(photocycloadducts) have been converted into the enantiopure cyclobutanes formally derived from the photoreaction of ethylene with gamma-hydroxymethyl-alpha,beta-butenolide, in which only a moderate facial selectivity had been previously found. As an application of these studies, we have developed a highly efficient and stereoselective synthesis of (+)-grandisol.
Anti-estrogens enhance the therapeutic effect of lymphokine-activated killer cells on the P815 murine mastocytoma (1996)

Tamoxifen (TX) and toremifene (TO) enhanced the lysis of P815 mastocytoma cells in vitro by syngeneic DBA2 spleen cells that have been activated by human recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 6 days (lymphokine-activated killer [LAK] cells). Similarly, enhanced tumor suppression occurred when TX- or TO-treated P815 cells were mixed with LAK cells and injected s.c. into normal DBA2 recipients. Tumor suppression could be increased further by treating such recipients orally with TX or TO and by the repeated injections of LAK cells into the tumor site. The treatment of animals bearing tumors (5 mm in diameter) orally with TX or TO or with LAK cells i.p. resulted in tumor suppression. When the drug treatment was combined with LAK cells, tumor suppression was more pronounced, and complete tumor regression was induced in a significant number of the animals so treated. Our results indicate that the immunotherapeutic effect of LAK cells can be significantly amplified by combined treatment with the anti-estrogens TX or TO.
A Novel Miura-Ori Origami Reflectarray Antenna for CubeSat Applications (2021)

This paper proposes a novel high-gain Reflectarray Antenna (RA) design on a foldable structure, which is based on the Miura-Ori origami pattern. The antenna was designed to operate at 8.425 GHz for deep space communication. The origami RA was excited by a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$4\times 2$</tex> circular polarized truncated corner patch array, positioned at a distance of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$14\lambda$</tex> with a 10° offset angle. The proposed reflectarray can be efficiently stowed onto a 6U CubeSat, and in its deployed state it provides a large surface area of 459,566mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Therefore, it is well suited for small satellites and terrestrial tactical applications.
Further results and insights on subspace based sinusoidal frequency estimation (2001)

Subspace-based methods for parameter identification have received considerable attention in the literature. Starting with a scalar-valued process, it is well known that subspace-based identification of sinusoidal frequencies is possible if the scalar valued data is windowed to form a low-rank vector-valued process. MUSIC and ESPRIT-like estimators have, for some time, been applied to this vector model. In addition, a statistically attractive Markov-like procedure for this class of methods has been proposed. Herein, the Markov-like procedure is reinvestigated. Several results regarding rank, performance, and structure are given in a compact manner. The large sample equivalence with the approximate maximum likelihood method by Stoica et al. (1988) is also established.
Generating Missing Oilfield Data Using A Generative Adversarial Imputation Network GAIN (2021)

Abstract Missing values and incomplete observations can exist in just about ever type of recorded data. With analytical modeling, and machine learning in particular, the quantity and quality of available data is paramount to acquiring reliable results. Within the oil industry alone, priorities in which data is important can vary from company to company, leading to available knowledge of a single field to vary from place to place. With machine learning requiring very complete sets of data, this issue can require whole portions of data to be discarded in order to create an appropriate dataset. Value imputation has emerged as a valuable solution in cleaning up datasets, and as current technology has advanced new generative machine learning methods have been used to generate images and data that is all but indistinguishable from reality. Using an adaptation of the standard Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) approach known as a Generative Adversarial Imputation Network (GAIN), this paper evaluates this method and other imputation methods for filling in missing values. Using a gathered fully observed set of data, smaller datasets with randomly masked missing values were generated to validate the effectiveness of the various imputation methods; allowing comparisons to be made against the original dataset. The study found that with various sizes of missing data percentages withing the sets, the "filled in" data could be used with surprising accuracy for further analytics. This paper compares GAIN along with several commonly used imputation methods against more standard practices such as data cropping or filling in with average values for filling in missing data. GAIN, as well as the various imputation methods described are quantified for there ability to fill in data. The study will discuss how the GAIN model can quickly provide the data necessary for analytical studies and prediction of results for future projects.
Transmission routes of African swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions (2016)

African swine fever (ASF) is a major threat to the pig industry in Europe. Since 2007, ASF outbreaks have been ongoing in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe and the Baltic countries, causing severe economic losses for many pig farmers and pork producers. In addition, the number of ASF cases in wild boar populations has dramatically increased over the past few years. Evidence supports direct contact with infectious domestic pigs and wild boars, and consumption of contaminated feed, as the main transmission routes of ASF virus (ASFV) to domestic pigs. However, significant knowledge gaps highlight the urgent need for research to investigate the dynamics of indirect transmission via the environment, the minimal infective doses for contaminated feed ingestion, the probability of effective contacts between infectious wild boars and domestic pigs, the potential for recovered animals to become carriers and a reservoir for transmission, the potential virus persistence within wild boar populations and the influence of human behaviour for the spread of ASFV. This will provide an improved scientific basis to optimise current interventions and develop new tools and strategies to reduce the risk of ASFV transmission to domestic pigs.
Structural and synthetic studies of the spore germination autoinhibitor, gloeosporone (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural and synthetic studies of the spore germination autoinhibitor, gloeosporoneStuart L. Schreiber, Sarah E. Kelly, John A. Porco, Tarek. Sammakia, and Edward M. SuhCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 18, 6210–6218Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00226a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00226a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views891Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heterogeneous forward and backward scattering modulation by polymer-infused plasmonic nanohole arrays (2019)

Electrochromic polymer infused plasmonic nanohole array shows heterogeneous forward and backward optical scattering response upon polymer electrical permittivity modulation.
Development of Associative Polymer Technology for Acid Diversion in Sandstone and Carbonate Lithology (2004)

Abstract This paper describes the use of associative polymer technology (APT) to achieve fluid diversion during an acid stimulation treatment. APT involves the use of a very low-viscosity aqueous polymer solution. It reacts immediately with the formation surface to significantly reduce the ability of subsequent aqueous fluids to flow into high-permeability portions of the rock. The first stage containing the APT predominately will enter the most permeable area, diverting following acid stage(s) to less permeable sections of the rock. APT has little or no effect on the flow of subsequent hydrocarbon production. Furthermore, in rock containing significant proportions of sandstone-type lithology, the water permeability of the treated zone is decreased permanently, resulting in post-treatment reduced water production from the treated zone. This paper includes a general description of associating polymers and their properties, as well as a detailed description of the laboratory development of the current system. Laboratory data showing the ability of APT to reduce the ability of aqueous fluids to flow through porous media is presented. Parallel flow studies using water-saturated and oil-saturated cores are presented that show the ability of APT to divert acid in both sandstone and carbonate cores. These tests also show the ability of APT to decrease water permeability in the water-saturated core while the diverted acid increases the permeability of the oil-saturated core.
Suppl Fig 8 from Intrathecal Viral Vector Delivery of Trastuzumab Prevents or Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human HER2-Positive Xenografts in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Transgene expression and NK cell depletion&lt;/p&gt;
Immunoglobulin secretion by mouse X human hybridomas: an approach for the production of anti-idiotype reagents useful in monitoring patients with B cell lymphoma. (1980)

Tumor cells were obtained from a patient with nodular lymphoma, a monoclonal B cell malignancy. These non-Ig-secreting lymphoma cells were hybridized to mouse myeloma cells. Hybridomas secreting human Ig were obtained in high frequency. One clone, which was a stable producer of human heavy and light chains, but which had lost production of mouse light chains, was chosen for study. It secreted a human IgM pentamer. The Ig produced by this clone was purified and used as an immunogen for the production of anti-idiotype antibodies. These antibodies recognized the specific cell surface Ig of the lymphoma cells and have been used to detect idiotype-bearing cells in the blood of the original patient, even at times when the disease was in clinical remission. Moreover, free idiotype could be detected in the patient's serum. Both the levels of Id+ cells and free idiotype correlated with disease activity, rising in relapse and falling in remission.
First-in-class topical therapeutic omilancor ameliorates disease severity and inflammation through activation of LANCL2 pathway in psoriasis (2021)

Psoriasis (PsO) is a complex immune-mediated disease that afflicts 100 million people. Omilancor is a locally-acting, small molecule that selectively activates the Lanthionine Synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) pathway, resulting in immunoregulatory effects at the intersection of immunity and metabolism. Topical omilancor treatment in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of PsO ameliorates disease severity, epidermal hyperplasia and acanthosis. Further, pharmacological activation of LANCL2 results in significant downregulation of proinflammatory markers including local reduction of IL17, and infiltration of proinflammatory cell subsets. These therapeutic effects were further validated in an IL-23 PsO model. This model reported increased preservation of homeostatic skin structure, accompanied by a decreased infiltration of proinflammatory T cell subsets. In CD4+ T cells and Th17 cells, the LANCL2 pathway regulates proinflammatory cytokine production, proliferation and glucose metabolism. Metabolically, the loss of Lancl2 resulted in increased glycolytic rates, lactate production and upregulated enzymatic activity of hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Inhibition of LDH activity abrogated the increased proliferation rate in Lancl2<sup>-/-</sup> CD4+ T cells. Additionally, topical omilancor treatment decreased the metabolic upregulation in keratinocytes, keratinocyte hyperproliferation and expression of inflammatory markers. Omilancor is a promising topical, LANCL2-targeting therapeutic candidate for the treatment of PsO and other dermatology indications.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Type I gamma phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase targets and regulates focal adhesions. (2002)

The ability of cells to form cell contacts, adhere to the extracellular matrix, change morphology, and migrate is essential for development, wound healing, metastasis, cell survival and the immune response. These events depend on the binding of integrin to the extracellular matrix, and assembly of focal adhesions, which are complexes comprising scaffolding and signalling proteins organized by adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P(2)) regulates interactions between these proteins, including the interaction of vinculin with actin and talin. The binding of talin to beta-integrin is strengthened by PtdIns(4,5)P(2), suggesting that the basis of focal adhesion assembly is regulated by this lipid mediator. Here we show that the type I phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase isoform-gamma 661 (PIPKI gamma 661), an enzyme that makes PtdIns(4,5)P(2), is targeted to focal adhesions by an association with talin. PIPKI gamma 661 is tyrosine phosphorylated by focal adhesion associated kinase signalling, increasing both the activity of phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase and its association with talin. This defines a mechanism for spatial generation of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) at focal adhesions. PMID: 12422220
Synthesis of Zirconium Complexes That Contain the Diamidophosphine Ligands [(Me3SiNCH2CH2)2PPh]2- or [(RNSiMe2CH2)2- PPh]2- (R = t-Bu or 2,6-Me2C6H3) (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionSynthesis of Zirconium Complexes That Contain the Diamidophosphine Ligands [(Me3SiNCH2CH2)2PPh]2- or [(RNSiMe2CH2)2- PPh]2- (R = t-Bu or 2,6-Me2C6H3)Richard R. Schrock*, Scott W. Seidel, Yann Schrodi, and William M. DavisCite this: Organometallics 2000, 19, 6, 1204Publication Date (Web):February 24, 2000Publication History Published online24 February 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om0000919https://doi.org/10.1021/om0000919correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views265Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (8 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noise canceling in-situ NMR detection (2023)

Technologies applicable to noise canceling in-situ NMR detection and imaging are disclosed. An example noise canceling in-situ NMR detection apparatus may comprise one or more of a static magnetic field generator, an alternating magnetic field generator, an in-situ NMR detection device, an auxiliary noise detection device, and a computer.
The Fungal Kingdom: Diverse and Essential Roles in Earth's Ecosystem (2008)

Fungi can cause a number of life-threatening diseases but they also are becoming increasingly useful to science and manufacturing every year. However, many people, scientists among them, are largely unaware of the roles fungi play in the world around us. Research on fungi and fungal diseases are seriously neglected as a result – a situation with grave negative repercussions for human health, agriculture, and the environment. The Fungal Kingdom explores the roles fungi play in the world around
Phantomuntersuchungen an einem hochauflösenden CT zur Ex-vivo-Darstellung von degradierbaren Magnesiumimplantaten und simulierten periimplantären Knochenschichten in Kaninchentibiae (2012)

As expected, the XtremeCT is primarily suitable for the imaging of bone tissue and implants. Good visual distinction of peri-implant bone formation on magnesium implants in an ex vivo phantom model ranges from possible to difficult depending on the bone density and alloy composition.
Antenna array geometry for mobile ad-hoc networks (2014)

Small antenna arrays are advantageous for ad-hoc networks. Typically antenna array geometry is designed using simplified objective measures to make analysis tractable or maximize search efficiency. This paper investigates array design using fitness functions more tightly related to network performance. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to design planar antenna arrays with minimum mean-square error or noise-to-signal ratio. Fitness functions are averaged across look angle to include effects of random signal and interference directions, resulting in a better measure of performance in real-world conditions. We found that irregular “T” or “diamond” geometries can outperform more common arrays such as Y or square arrays.
Observations of spatially constant peak Ar II emission phase threshold at higher helicon densities (2004)

Summary form only given. This paper presents results of a curious observation of changes in helicon plasma source Ar II optical emission characteristics related to wave character at higher densities when the coupled power or magnetic field is increased. Experiments on both the WOMBAT experiment at Canberra and the University of Wisconsin helicon sources measured similar excited Ar II optical emission characteristics, yet the magnetic fields, coupled rf powers and plasma densities are quite different. The wave and peak optical emission characteristics measured during the 70 ns rf period change from a spatially traveling wave character at lower powers and magnetic fields in the "transition mode" to an apparent spatially constant phase at higher coupled powers and magnetic fields where the plasma is in the "blue mode". The "blue mode" is achieved on the WOMBAT experiment by increasing the coupled power from 2.3 kW to 3.4 kW at a magnetic field of 100 G with a rise in density from 1.2 to 1.8/spl times/10/sup 12//cc. The "blue mode" regime is achieved in the UW experiment by increasing the magnetic field from 200 G to 1000 G at a constant coupled power of 800 W with the plasma density rising from 0.4 to 2.5/spl times/10/sup 13//cc. Contour plots of the space-time emission modulation characteristics and the wave magnetic field plots illustrate the transition from a traveling wave to an increased standing wave character at higher densities where the optical peak emission phase is constant relative to the driving rf phase as the optical probe is moved. The emission characteristics are shown to correspond to the dominant m=+l mode in both the experiments although the probe was centered on the axis in the WOMBAT experiment and located just outside the Pyrex vacuum chamber for the UW experiment. The optical emission and wave characteristics and plasma deviation from a Maxwellian are discussed for the different regimes. Possible reasons for the emission observations including an increased standing wave character of the wave at higher densities and a threshold for stimulated emission are discussed for the different regimes.