gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum cryptography networks in support of path verification in service function chains (2019)

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a physical technology that enables the secure generation of bit streams (keys) in two separated locations. This technology is designed to provide a solution for very secure (quantum-safe) key agreement, which is nowadays at risk due to advances in quantum computing. The recent demonstration of a QKD network in the metropolitan area of Madrid shows how these networks can be deployed in current production infrastructure by following existing networking paradigms, such as software-defined networking. In particular, a three-node QKD network is implemented on the metropolitan area network using existing infrastructure and coexisting with other data and control services. On the other hand, telecommunication networks are drastically changing the way services are architectured. Users of the operator’s infrastructure are moving from traditional connectivity services (e.g., virtual private networks) to a set of interconnected network functions, either physical or virtual, in the shape of service function chaining (SFC). However, SFC users do not have a method to validate that the traffic flow is appropriately forwarded across the nodes in the network, a situation that may lead to very critical security breaches (e.g., a security node or a firewall in the chain that is bypassed). This work presents a method for validating ordered proof-of-transit (OPoT) on top of the Madrid Quantum Network. We first provide a general description of the QKD network deployed in Madrid. Then, we describe an existing security protocol for PoT in packet networks, analyzing its issues and vulnerabilities. Finally, this work presents a protocol for alleviating the security breach found in this work and for providing OPoT in SFC. Finally, an example of the real implementation is shown, where nodes being part of the OPoT scheme are provisioned with QKD-derived keys.
Reactions of Vinyl Ethers and Application to Photoreactive Process (2004)

Polymeric materials consisting of an acidic polymer, vinyl ether crosslinker and photoacid generator were found to give positive-working photoresists. An interesting characteristics of the system may be what any polymers having acidic groups as the molecular structure, can be converted to photopolymer only adding vinyl ether crosslinker and PAG. The review will report the examples of the conversion of polymers such as cresol novolak resin, p-hydroxy polystyrene, poly(acrylic acid), and poly(amic acid) to the photosensitive polymers. Among the three components composing the photosensitive polymer, the polymer decides the main characters such as developing agent, optical and mechanical properties. The crosslinker governs the solubility contrast between the polymer layers of the exposed or the unexposed portion. PAG is most important component for this type of photosensitive polymer, because it governs the sensitivity as well as the spectral sensitivity. The photosensitive polymer composed of the poly(amic-acid), divinyl ether crosslinker and PAG gave the patterns, which are very strong against the heat treatment. In the field of nanolithographic patterning, very short wavelength light is used to transfer the patterns of nanometer resolution. For this purpose, the photoresists have to be transparent at 193nm light. Alicyclic compounds containing vinyl ether groups prepared as crosslinker were found to be transparent at 193nm. Several polymers have been synthesized for 193nm lithography. One of those polymers and the alicyclic compound were combined to prepare the photoresist for 193nm lithography. The performance of the photoresist will be also reviewed.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Weight‐Bearing Shoulders of Wheelchair‐Dependent Patients: Outcomes and Complications at 2 to 5 years (2017)

III.
Nondegradative microextrusion of resorbable polyesters for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications: The cases of poly‐lactic‐acid and poly‐caprolactone (2008)

Abstract In recent years biodegradable polymers, particularly polyesters such as the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), have gained high interests for their applicability in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields where they're used for manufacturing various different resorbable devices, from tissue engineering scaffolds to controlled drug release systems. Despite many positive characteristics, processability of these materials still remains a critical issue as they easily tend to degrade during manufacturing. In this article we aimed to assess microextrusion as a nondegradative process for manufacturing PLA and PCL. The results we experimentally obtained, that are hereby presented, set a new point in the on‐going debate on degradation during processing of resorbable polymers as they allow to affirm that microextrusion leaves unmodified molecular weight distributions without producing any evident reductions in mean molecular weight. Microextrusion thus represents a risk‐free high molecular weight polymer processing solution for obtaining nondegraded products within pharmaceutical and biomedical production lines, such as for scaffolds for tissue engineering applications or drug delivery. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Studies of the Putative Transforming Protein of the Type I Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (1985)

The putative transforming protein of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) is a 40-kilodalton protein encoded by the X region and is termed p40XI. On the basis of both subcellular fractionation techniques and immunocytochemical analysis, it is now shown that p40XI is a nuclear protein with a relatively short half-life (120 minutes). It is synthesized de novo in considerable quantities in a human T-cell line infected with and transformed by the virus in vitro, and it is not packaged in detectable amounts in the extracellular virus.
Expanding the capabilities of wireless condition monitoring sensors into the containment of pressurized water reactors (2012)

Aging plants and reduced workforces are causing commercial nuclear power reactors to limit the extent of their predictive maintenance programs to only critical to safety and critical to operation systems. Some sites are even forced into living with a reactive maintenance strategy for all but the most critical systems. This typically leads to significant expense through costly downtime and component unavailability. Advancements in wireless technology have resulted in the implementation of measurement devices on some important systems that have alleviated the condition monitoring and testing burden on maintenance personnel. Through research and development (R&D) sponsored by the Department of Energy (DOE) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program, a wireless condition monitoring application has been identified inside the containment of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) that can benefit from the introduction of wireless technology. The application that has been selected is the use of wireless vibration sensors to monitor the condition of containment cooling fans. The host utility for this project is the Arkansas Nuclear One (ANO) power generating station. Due to the location of the fans within the containment building, maintenance personnel are prevented from manually collecting vibration data frequently enough (e.g., monthly) to determine the health of the equipment. Through the use of wireless sensors, data can be collected once a day to provide a more complete picture of the fans' health with advanced warning of a failing component. This paper will document the efforts of this project to deploy a wireless vibration system at ANO.
Enhanced anti-HCV activity of interferon alpha 17 subtype (2009)

We suggest that IFN alpha17 should be tested therapeutically with a view to improving treatment efficacy.
Constraint Routing and Regenerator Site Concentration in ROADM Networks (2013)

Advances in the development of colorless and nondirectional reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) enable flexible predeployment of optoelectronic regenerators (reshaping, retiming, and reamplifying known as 3R) in future optical networks. Compared to the current practice of installing a regenerator only when a circuit needs them, predeployment of regenerators in specific sites will allow service providers to achieve rapid provisioning such as bandwidth-on-demand service and fast restoration. Concentrating the predeployment of regenerators in a subset of ROADM sites will achieve high utilization and reduces the network operational costs. We prove the resulting optimization problem is NP-hard and provide the proof. We present an efficient heuristic for this problem that takes into account both the cost of individual circuits (regenerator cost and transmission line system cost) and the number of regenerator sites. We validate our heuristic approach with integer linear programming (ILP) formulations for a small network. Using specific network examples, we show that our heuristic has near-optimal performance under most studied scenarios and cost models. We further enhance the heuristic to incorporate the probability of demand for each circuit. This enables a reduction in the number of regenerator sites by allowing circuits to use costlier paths if they have lower probability of being needed. We also evaluate the heuristic to determine the extra regenerator sites required to support diverse routing. In this paper, we provide detailed analysis, pseudocodes, and proofs for the models presented in our previous work [Nat. Fiber Optic Engineers Conf., 2012, NW3F.6; 9th Int. Conf. on Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN), 2013, 139] and compare the heuristic results with ILP for a small-scale network topology.
Feasibility Assessment of Low-Volume Anaerobic Digestion Systems for Institutional Food Waste Producers (2017)

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has gained popularity as an effective way to treat organic materials, produce clean energy, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There is a significant number of large-scale AD facilities operating world-wide, largely treating livestock wastes, and used primarily for electricity production in industrialized countries. At the same time, there are millions of small, household-scale ADs deployed in developing countries, mostly to provide biogas resources for heating and cooking. Decentralized low-volume AD systems could provide a local, renewable energy source (for electricity, heating, or both), reduce or eliminate waste disposal costs, and limit discharges of high strength wastes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of deploying low-volume anaerobic digestion (LVAD) systems at institutions generating significant food waste, using Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) as a case study. Mass flows and energy balance, net present value (NPV), and discounted payback period (DPP) were used to assess the feasibility of implementing an anaerobic digestion system utilizing the campus organic waste resources. Our study showed that a positive NPV can be achieved if subsidies and incentives were applied to offset the initial capital investment. However, the economics can be improved by driving down equipment cost and accepting food waste from other establishments to generate revenue from tipping fees.
Endocardial center motion for quantification of left ventricular discoordination in heart failure using cine MRI (2018)

ECM analysis is feasible and it allows the assessment of left ventricular mechanical discoordination. Differences in ECM measures permit one to distinguish between LBBB and healthy volunteers.
Compiler-assisted object inlining with value fields (2021)

Object Oriented Programming has flourished in many areas ranging from web-oriented microservices, data processing, to databases. However, while representing domain entities as objects is appealing to developers, it leads to data fragmentation, resulting in high memory footprint and poor locality.
Search for Dark Matter and Large Extra Dimensions inppCollisions Yielding a Photon and Missing Transverse Energy (2012)

Results are presented from a search for new physics in the final state containing a photon (γ) and missing transverse energy (E[combininb /](T)). The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1) collected in pp collisions at √[s]=7 TeV by the CMS experiment. The observed event yield agrees with standard-model expectations for the γ+E[combininb /](T) events. Using models for the production of dark-matter particles (χ), we set 90% confidence level (C.L.) upper limits of 13.6-15.4 fb on χ production in the γ+E[combininb /](T) state. These provide the most sensitive upper limits for spin-dependent χ-nucleon scattering for χ masses (M(χ)) between 1 and 100 GeV. For spin-independent contributions, the present limits are extended to M(χ)<3.5 GeV. For models with 3-6 large extra dimensions, our data exclude extra-dimensional Planck scales between 1.64 and 1.73 TeV at 95% C.L.
CLONETS-DS – Clock Network Services-Design study Strategy and Innovation for Clock Services Over Optical-fibre Networks (2021)

Long-distance time and frequency transfer methods based on optical fibre links have evolved rapidly in recent years, demonstrating excellent performance for frequency transfer and considerable promise for accurate time transfer. Optical fibre links, besides provisioning extreme data transfer rates, are attractive both for very high-performance applications such as optical clock comparisons, basic research or relativistic geodesy, but also for many industrial and societal applications, and they complement and offer an alternative to radio- and satellite-based methods. CLONETS-DS is a European Union-funded research and innovation action intended to facilitate the vision of a sustainable, pan-European optical fibre network for precise time and frequency reference dissemination, by bringing together expertise from national metrology institutes (NMI), academic groups and research infrastructures (RI), research and education networks at the national and European level (NREN, GÉANT) and innovative high-tech small and medium enterprises (SME). The proposed project aims to establish a pan-European time and frequency reference system as a European Research Infrastructure which serves the European science community. It is based on transmitting ultra precise time and frequency information via optical fiber. The proposed project builds on several projects of the European metrology research programmes such as NEAT-FT, OFTEN and TiFOON, the former GN3+ project ICOF, the novel work package 6, Optical Time and Frequency Network (OTFN), of the GN4-3 project of GÉANT and its direct precursor project CLONETS [1]. We now go far beyond previous efforts by designing a sustainable, pan-European, ultra-precise time-and-frequency reference-system available to the European research community. This newly designed European Research Infrastructure will consider user needs, architecture requirements, engineering models and roadmaps, and will develop a sustainability model for the future service, thus strengthening the European research area and its innovative potential.
Preparation of Carbon-Supported Perovskite-Type Oxides LaMn[sub 1−y]Fe[sub y]O[sub 3+δ] Based on Reverse Homogeneous Precipitation Method (2004)

Reverse homogeneous precipitation (RHP) method was successfully applied for dispersing perovskite type oxides finely on carbon support. Mixing the colloidal particles of about 10 nm in size obtained by RHP method with a 2-propanol dispersion of carbon black resulted in precipitation of a precursor/carbon composite, which was further converted into a oxide/carbon composite by calcination. Microscopic observation revealed that nano-sized oxide particles were dispersed fairly well in the carbon support. When applied to gas diffusion-type electrodes, the 30 mass % /carbon composite thus prepared showed far more excellent oxygen reduction activity than the 50 mass % /carbon composite conventionally prepared by mechanical mixing. The electrode gave current density as high as at −110 mV (vs. Hg/HgO) in 8 M KOH at 60°C under air flow. Oxygen reduction activity of the /carbon composites decreased with increasing y, though the composite at was still more active than the composite prepared conventionally by traditional way. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Irradiation-Temperature Dependence of the Light-Induced Effect in a-Si Solar Cells (1992)

The irradiation-temperature dependence of light-induced degradation has been studied at temperatures between 300 K and 25 K. Although Si-H 2 bonds have a strong influence on degradation at an irradiation temperature of 300 K, their influence is reduced at low irradiation temperatures. Si-H 2 bonds are thought to have a stabilization effect on newly created defects. Also, the hydrogen atom itself was found to have an influence on light-induced degradation in a-Si solar cells with low Si-H 2 bond density or in the region of low irradiation temperatures below about 60 K.
Association of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression with cell motility and metastatic potential of rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. (1993)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expression is increased in Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma cell lines relative to normal rat ventral prostate tissue. GAPDH expression closely correlates with cell motility of Dunning prostate cancer cell lines and accurately distinguishes cell lines with high metastatic potential from those with low metastatic potential. Increased GAPDH expression in the cancer cell lines is not simply related to increased growth rate, since rapidly proliferating normal prostate tissue did not exhibit elevated GAPDH expression.
Dynamic atomic storage without consensus (2009)

This paper deals with the emulation of atomic read/write (R/W) storage in dynamic asynchronous message passing systems. In static settings, it is well known that atomic R/W storage can be implemented in a fault-tolerant manner even if the system is completely asynchronous, whereas consensus is not solvable. In contrast, all existing emulations of atomic storage in dynamic systems rely on consensus or stronger primitives, leading to a popular belief that dynamic R/W storage is unattainable without consensus.
Development of a PET radioligand for potassium channels to image CNS demyelination (2018)

Central nervous system (CNS) demyelination represents the pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) and contributes to other neurological conditions. Quantitative and specific imaging of demyelination would thus provide critical clinical insight. Here, we investigated the possibility of targeting axonal potassium channels to image demyelination by positron emission tomography (PET). These channels, which normally reside beneath the myelin sheath, become exposed upon demyelination and are the target of the MS drug, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). We demonstrate using autoradiography that 4-AP has higher binding in non-myelinated and demyelinated versus well-myelinated CNS regions, and describe a fluorine-containing derivative, 3-F-4-AP, that has similar pharmacological properties and can be labeled with <sup>18</sup>F for PET imaging. Additionally, we demonstrate that [<sup>18</sup>F]3-F-4-AP can be used to detect demyelination in rodents by PET. Further evaluation in Rhesus macaques shows higher binding in non-myelinated versus myelinated areas and excellent properties for brain imaging. Together, these data indicate that [<sup>18</sup>F]3-F-4-AP may be a valuable PET tracer for detecting CNS demyelination noninvasively.
Simulation of an ac electro-osmotic pump with step microelectrodes (2011)

Pumps with step microelectrodes subjected to an ac voltage are known to have faster pumping rates than those with planar asymmetric microelectrodes. The driving force for pumping in these systems is ac electro-osmosis. This paper aims to understand the flow behaviors of pumps with step microelectrodes by using a realistic model applicable to high external voltages. This model takes the steric effect due to the finite sizes of ions into account and copes with the exponential sensitivity of the counterion concentration to voltage. The effects on the pumping flow rate of varying the pump parameters were investigated. The geometrical parameters were optimized, and the effects of varying the ac frequency and amplitude were examined. The electrical potential of the fluid and the electrical charge at the electrode surface were solved simultaneously, and the Stokes equation was used to describe the fluid flow.
IANA Registry for 6lowpan ESC Dispatch Code points (2015)

RFC4944 defines ESC dispatch type for additional dispatch bytes in the
6lowpan header. The value of ESC byte has been updated by RFC6282.
However, the usage of ESC extension byte has not been defined in
RFC6282 and RFC4944. The purpose of this document is to define the ESC
extension byte code points and to request corresponding IANA actions.
High fidelity simulation of littoral environments: applications and coupling of participating models (2004)

The high fidelity simulation of littoral environments (HFSoLE) challenge project (C75) encompasses a suite of seven oceanographic models capable of exchanging information in a physically meaningful sense across the littoral environment. This project is leveraging and extending state-of-the-art atmospheric, oceanographic, estuarine, riverine, surface water/groundwater, and sediment transport models to provide DoD with the technology capable of rapidly characterizing the littoral environment. Applications of these models include real world scenarios such as predicting the ocean currents off the Spanish Coast after the prestige oil spill and generating diver visibility maps for the Persian Gulf. These models and their inputs have been finely tuned, tested, analyzed, and coupled with the use of HPC challenge time.
Effectiveness of Actuating on Rectilinear Bicycle Braking Dynamics (2017)

The aim of this study is to quantize the effectiveness of actuating on bicycle braking dynamics with focus on critical rectilinear maneuvers, namely wheel-lock and nose-over. Those situations define the physical limits of rectilinear bicycle braking. The objective is to gain a profound understanding of the limits of unactuated vehicle dynamics by creating a multibody model that is parametrized and validated via an instrumented bicycle. A good model accuracy is obtained modeling the rider as a point mass located at the experimentally determined center of gravity and using tire slip curves which are also gained by experiment. In the second step the obtained system knowledge is used to evaluate possible ways of actuation, which on the one hand could assist the rider not to leave the limits of braking dynamics and on the other hand extend them. Researched types of actuation are brake torque modulation, suspension fork locking as well as active manipulation of the riders center of gravity by a seatpost actuator.