gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of an integrated multi-sector antenna using the DG-FDTD method (2009)

The dual-grid finite-difference time-domain (DG-FDTD) method is applied to the simulation of an integrated multi-sector antenna. This antenna, which operates in the 5 GHz band, is integrated into a wireless television camera. The DG-FDTD method shows the disturbances that appear on both the S parameters and the radiation patterns of the antenna due to its environment. Simulation results are finally compared with far-field measurements.
Continuous flow Suzuki–Miyaura couplings in water under micellar conditions in a CSTR cascade catalyzed by Fe/ppm Pd nanoparticles (2020)

The first demonstration of aqueous surfactant-enabled Suzuki–Miyaura couplings run under flow conditions is described.
Analysis of phase noise in a spin torque oscillator stabilized by phase locked loop (2016)

Abstract This study analyses phase noise in a spin torque oscillator (STO) stabilized by phase locked loop (PLL). Time domain measurement showed that phase error of the 6.996 GHz signal generated by a STO, which exhibited a random-walk type fluctuation under free running, was suppressed within a standard deviation of 0.408 rad by the PLL. Power spectrum under phase locked oscillation indicated that the PLL had a loop bandwidth of approximately 16 MHz, thus effectively suppressing phase error below 10 MHz. However, it was also found that power spectrum of the residual phase error was distributed much higher than the loop bandwidth.
Kerr nonlinearity and multi-photon absorption in germanium at mid-infrared wavelengths (2017)

Multiphoton absorption coefficients and nonlinear refractive indices of germanium in the near and mid-infrared (2–5 μm) are reported. The nonlinear coefficients are measured by open and closed aperture Z-scan with 150 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The nonlinear refractive index of Ge has a peak value of 9.1×10−5cm2/GW at a wavelength of 3 μm. The effect of free electrons generated by multiphoton absorption is discussed by investigating the variation of multiphoton absorption coefficients at different input powers. Kramers-Kronig relations are also discussed with regard to the relationship between nonlinear refractive index and two photon absorption coefficient.
Silica Supported Platinum Catalysts for Total Oxidation of the Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Naphthalene: An Investigation of Metal Loading and Calcination Temperature (2015)

A range of catalysts comprising of platinum supported on silica, prepared by an impregnation method, have been studied for the total oxidation of naphthalene, which is a representative Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon. The influence of platinum loading and calcination temperature on oxidation activity was evaluated. Increasing the platinum loading up to 2.5 wt.% increased the catalyst activity, whilst a 5.0 wt.% catalyst was slightly less active. The catalyst containing the optimum 2.5 wt.% loading was most active after calcination in air at 550 °C. Characterisation by carbon monoxide chemisorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that low platinum dispersion to form large platinum particles, in combination with platinum in metallic and oxidised states was important for high catalyst activity. Catalyst performance improved after initial use in repeat cycles, whilst there was slight deactivation after prolonged time-on-stream.
3. The French comparative modal constructions faire mieux de, valoir mieux and falloir mieux (2016)

Edited by: Daniel Van Olmen, Hubert Cuyckens, and Lobke Ghesquière.<BR>Édition papier : ISBN 978-3-11-048969-9. - Édition numérique : ISBN 9783110492347.<br>Conference Website: http://webh01.ua.ac.be/gramis/conference/conference.html (lien ne fonctionne pas toujours)
Selection of Flux Level in Field-Oriented Induction Machine Controllers with Consideration of Magnetic Saturation Effects (1987)

The magnitude of rotor flux is a primary design and application variable for field-oriented induction machine controllers. Optimization of a nonsaturating machine controller for peak torque/A will lead to operation at the peak of the constant current torque-versus-slip curve. It is shown how flux level selection for both standard and high efficiency motors is altered by including saturation characteristics. Theoretical and experimental approaches for calculation of flux-producing current in the presence of magnetic saturation are presented. The theoretical method includes a straightforward two-parameter saturation model, which is demonstrated to possess characteristics very close to experimental data. This approach contributes substantial insight to saturated machine analysis while retaining relative simplicity as a design tool. The experimental approaches developed are straightforward and general.
Pathophysiology of binocular vision and amblyopia (1994)

This article focuses on three important issues that have received much attention during the past year. The first is sensitive periods for amblyopia. Recent physiological studies suggest a surprising degree of neural plasticity in the adult visual cortex. A review of the literature suggests that at least some human amblyopes retain cortical plasticity into adulthood. The second issue is new methods of treatment for amblyopia. Certain neurotransmitters have been implicated in neuronal plasticity. Based on this finding, a potentially promising new method for treating amblyopia, levodopa, is being tested in adults and children with amblyopia. Unfortunately the early results provide more questions than answers. The third topic is neural mechanisms of amblyopia. In primates and humans, the weight of evidence suggests that the neural effects of strabismus and anisometropia are expressed primarily in the cortex. These cortical effects are expressed in a loss of cortical neurons and in alterations in the contrast sensitivity and range of preferred spatial frequencies of the neurons dominated by the amblyopic eye. The relationship between these physiological effects and psychophysical performance is reviewed.
New Methods for Ligand-Based Virtual Screening:  Use of Data Fusion and Machine Learning to Enhance the Effectiveness of Similarity Searching (2006)

Similarity searching using a single bioactive reference structure is a well-established technique for accessing chemical structure databases. This paper describes two extensions of the basic approach. First, we discuss the use of group fusion to combine the results of similarity searches when multiple reference structures are available. We demonstrate that this technique is notably more effective than conventional similarity searching in scaffold-hopping searches for structurally diverse sets of active molecules; conversely, the technique will do little to improve the search performance if the actives are structurally homogeneous. Second, we make the assumption that the nearest neighbors resulting from a similarity search, using a single bioactive reference structure, are also active and use this assumption to implement approximate forms of group fusion, substructural analysis, and binary kernel discrimination. This approach, called turbo similarity searching, is notably more effective than conventional similarity searching.
Reconstruction of 3-D objects from cone beam projections (1978)

A true three-dimensional reconstruction (TTR) algorithm which is applicable to a cone beam with 4π detection geometry is introduced. The TTR differs from conventional slice by slice 3-D reconstruction methods. Promising areas of application for the TTR algorithm are position and X-ray computerized tomographic image reconstruction.
An Untargeted Approach for Revealing Electrophilic Metabolites (2020)

Reactive electrophilic intermediates such as coenzyme A esters play central roles in metabolism but are difficult to detect with conventional strategies. Here, we introduce hydroxylamine-based stable isotope labeling to convert reactive electrophilic intermediates into stable derivatives that are easily detectable <i>via</i> LC-MS. In the model system <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>, parallel treatment with <sup>14</sup>NH<sub>2</sub>OH and <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>2</sub>OH revealed >1000 labeled metabolites, e.g., derived from peptide, fatty acid, and ascaroside pheromone biosyntheses. Results from NH<sub>2</sub>OH treatment of a pheromone biosynthesis mutant, <i>acox-1.1</i>, suggested upregulation of thioesterase activity, which was confirmed by gene expression analysis. The upregulated thioesterase contributes to the biosynthesis of a specific subset of ascarosides, determining the balance of dispersal and attractive signals. These results demonstrate the utility of NH<sub>2</sub>OH labeling for investigating complex biosynthetic networks. Initial results with <i>Aspergillus</i> and human cell lines indicate applicability toward uncovering reactive metabolomes in diverse living systems.
Impact of the Nanoscale Gap Morphology on Plasmons in Doped Indium Oxide Nanostructure Dimers (2022)

Journal Article Impact of the Nanoscale Gap Morphology on Plasmons in Doped Indium Oxide Nanostructure Dimers Get access Yina Wu, Yina Wu ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Andrea Konečná, Andrea Konečná Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shin Hum Cho, Shin Hum Cho Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Delia J Milliron, Delia J Milliron McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jordan A Hachtel, Jordan A Hachtel Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States Corresponding author: hachtelja@ornl.gov, javier.garciadeabajo@nanophotonics.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F Javier García de Abajo F Javier García de Abajo ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, SpainICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain Corresponding author: hachtelja@ornl.gov, javier.garciadeabajo@nanophotonics.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 1970–1971, https://doi.org/10.1017/S143192762200767X Published: 01 August 2022
Electrophysiological laboratory, electrophysiologist-implanted, nonthoracotomy-implantable cardioverter/defibrillators. (1994)

This is the first report to show that nonthoracotomy ICD implantation may be successfully carried out by electrophysiologists working alone in the electrophysiology laboratory, with a high rate of success and few complications, even in high-risk patients. This high rate of success and safety probably relates to the availability of high-quality fluoroscopy and familiarity with electrophysiology laboratory equipment and personnel.
Fat metabolism and ageing: a tissue-specific phenomenon? (2017)

Like any other animal, we humans are subjected to the process of ageing. As we grow older, it becomes increasingly difficult to maintain homeostasis and deal with the implications of a deteriorating body. Only recently, research is shifting towards studying healthy lifespan, also called healthspan. Healthspan is defined as the period of lifespan when one is considered healthy, prior to the onset of age-related decline and disease. Based on a GWAS study of normal vs healthily aged individuals, genes were selected and tested in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. Via a tissue-specific RNAi approach, knockdown of C. elegans Acyl-CoA DeHydrogenase genes, acdh-1 and acdh-3, led to an increased lifespan in case of neuronal-only knockdown, but reduced lifespan when knocked down in the rest of the body. According to our metric, healthspan remained unchanged. The metabolic state of acdh mutants will be studied further to unravel the underlying mechanisms.
Neutralizing antibodies as a potential secondary protective mechanism during chronic SHIV infection in CD8+ T-cell-depleted macaques (2002)

The results indicate that CD8+ T cells play a key role in suppressing viremia in a chronically infected host. In addition, the results suggest that in the absence of CD8+ T cells, nAb may act as an effective second line of defense by limiting both the spread of infectious virus to new target cells and CD4+ T-cell loss.
Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination with carrier‐bound Bet v 1 peptides lacking allergen‐specific T cell epitopes reduces Bet v 1‐specific T cell responses via blocking antibodies in a murine model for birch pollen allergy (2013)

Vaccination with carrier-bound allergen-derived peptides lacking allergen-specific T cell epitopes induces allergen-specific IgG antibodies which suppress allergen-specific T cell responses and allergic lung inflammation.
Short seeking control with minimum jerk trajectories for dual actuator hard disk drive systems (2004)

This paper is concerned with short seeking control for hard disk drives with a dual actuation servo system consisting of a coarse actuator (voice coil motor, VCM) and a fine actuator (piezoelectric actuator, PZT). Short seeking refers to moving the recording head over a few tracks. The primary elements in short seeking control are the feedback controller, the feedforward controller and the reference input. These elements must be determined for each of the coarse and fine actuators. The unique feature of the proposed short seeking control scheme is on the use of two minimum jerk trajectories as reference inputs: one with a seek time typical for VCM and the other with a shorter seek time. The first one is used as the reference input for VCM and the difference between the two is used as the reference input for PZT, which makes the second faster trajectory set the actual seek time of the dual actuator system. Single rate and multi rate implementations of the proposed scheme are presented along with experimental results. The motivation for multi-rate implementation is saving of computation.
Inhibition of polyamine synthesis and uptake reduces tumor progression and prolongs survival in mouse models of neuroblastoma (2019)

Amplification of the <i>MYCN</i> oncogene is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor outcome in childhood neuroblastoma. Polyamines are highly regulated essential cations that are frequently elevated in cancer cells, and the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with the ODC1 inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), although a promising therapeutic strategy, is only partially effective at impeding neuroblastoma cell growth due to activation of compensatory mechanisms resulting in increased polyamine uptake from the surrounding microenvironment. In this study, we identified solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) as the key transporter involved in polyamine uptake in neuroblastoma. Knockdown of SLC3A2 in neuroblastoma cells reduced the uptake of the radiolabeled polyamine spermidine, and DFMO treatment increased SLC3A2 protein. In addition, MYCN directly increased polyamine synthesis and promoted neuroblastoma cell proliferation by regulating SLC3A2 and other regulatory components of the polyamine pathway. Inhibiting polyamine uptake with the small-molecule drug AMXT 1501, in combination with DFMO, prevented or delayed tumor development in neuroblastoma-prone mice and extended survival in rodent models of established tumors. Our findings suggest that combining AMXT 1501 and DFMO with standard chemotherapy might be an effective strategy for treating neuroblastoma.
Clinical Validation of Computer Assisted Pelvic Surgery using Ultrasound, A percutaneous safe Technique with low Radiation Exposure (2001)

This study presents early results of the clinical experience of computer assisted surgery (CAS) applied to percutaneous iliosacral screwing. The results of these 10 first cases (4 patients) are compared to an historical series of 51 cases (30 patients). The CAS technique shows better screw placement without outside bone screw and a very low radiation exposure.
Stain Resistance as Part of Image Permanence for Consumer Digital Inkjet and Thermal Imaging Systems (2007)

Methods for determining overall print permanence or image stability for digital inkjet and thermal photographic prints have been well defined and are used to represent typical &#x201C;long-term, home storage conditions&#x201D; for consumer prints. What these methods do not take into consideration are instances where a consumer might accidentally spill substances onto unprotected prints resulting in unwanted staining. Typical substances can range from high staining materials such as coffee to lower staining materials such as milk. In these instances, stain resistance could certainly impact the long-term preservation of consumer prints. To date, the only existing international standards for this type of image degradation include an ASTM procedure for stain resistance and an ISO procedure for water resistance. This paper will discuss the importance of considering stain resistance as part of long-term image permanence criteria for digital consumer color prints and shortcomings associated with the current international standards. In addition, supporting data from several digital inkjet and thermal imaging systems using a variety of staining substances will be discussed.
Application of Comprehensive Artificial intelligence Retinal Expert (CARE) system: a national real-world evidence study (2021)

For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Training Hardware for Binarized Convolutional Neural Network Based on CMOS Invertible Logic (2020)

In this article, we implement fast and power-efficient training hardware for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based on CMOS invertible logic. The backpropagation algorithm is generally hard to implement in hardware because it requires high-precision floating-point arithmetic. Even though parameters of CNNs can be represented by fixed points or even binary during inference, it is still represented by floating points during training. Our hardware uses low-precision data representation for both inference and training. For hardware implementation, we exploit CMOS invertible logic for training. The use of invertible logic enables logic circuits to compute probabilistic bidirectional operation (forward and backward modes) and can be implemented by stochastic computing. The proposed hardware obtains parameters of neural networks such as weights directly from given data (an input feature map and a true label) without backpropagation. For performance evaluation, the proposed hardware is implemented on an FPGA and trains a binarized 2-layer convolutional neural network model using a modified MNIST dataset. This implementation shows an energy efficiency improvement of approximately 134x compared to that of a CPU implementation that executes the training of the same model as that used in the proposed hardware. Training on the proposed hardware is approximately 40x faster than training on the CPU using the backpropagation algorithm while maintaining almost the same cognition accuracy.
Isotope and Hydrogen‐Bond Effects on the Self‐Assembly of Macroions in Dilute Solution (2019)

We report on the disparity in the assembly behavior of four types of nano-sized macroions induced by isotopic substitution of protium (H) to deuterium (D) in solvents. Macroions with modest charge density can self-assemble into single-layer, hollow, spherical "blackberry"-type structures, with larger assembly sizes representing stronger attractions among the macroions. Kinetically, all assembly processes become slower in D<sub>2</sub> O than in H<sub>2</sub> O. Thermodynamically, the polyoxometalate {SrPd<sub>12</sub> }, the uranium cage {U<sub>60</sub> } with alkali metal counterions, and the metal-organic cationic cage {Pd<sub>12</sub> L<sub>24</sub> } demonstrate similar assembly sizes in both H<sub>2</sub> O and D<sub>2</sub> O, whereas the metal oxide cluster {Mo<sub>72</sub> Fe<sub>30</sub> } as a weak acid shows an unusually large assembly size in H<sub>2</sub> O-suggesting a stronger contribution from the hydrogen bonding in the last case.
Design of a 527 GHz gyrotron for DNP-NMR spectroscopy (2011)

We report on the design studies of a >;20W, continuous wave 527 GHz gyrotron for the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) enhanced solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on a 800 MHz spectrometer. A 9.8 T helium-free superconducting magnet with a warm bore diameter of 76mm is planned for the gyrotron operation. The gyrotron resonator cavity is designed to operate in the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11, 3</sub> mode at 527 GHz which is the second harmonic (ω=2ω <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) of the electron cyclotron frequency. The design is based on a diode electron gun (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> =15 kV, I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> =190 mA) and lateral output with an internal Vlasov-type mode converter. Frequency tunability of Δf/f ≈ 0.25% is being studied around the nominal frequency of 527 GHz, with a goal of constant output power of more than 20W.