gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Navigation Algorithm Using 1D Panoramic Images (2007)

We propose a practical and efficient navigation method of the indoor mobile robot using 1D panoramic images. Mobile robot navigation, one of the most importation components in the robotic application, was carried out using the omni-directional camera that can capture 360deg images around a robot. Therefore, this camera has many advantages in the indoor navigation. In this paper, position of the robot can be estimated by 1D panoramic image correlations. This 1D image is the circular horizontal line in the omni-directional image. The proposed method can estimate the position of the robot without any previous position information in the short time i.e., kidnap problem can be coped with. The path of a robot is generated based on the node map that includes 1D panoramic images and the node information at the captured points. For the feasibility test of the proposed algorithms, we applied them to the mobile robot, iMARO-III. In this test, iMARO-III has succeeded in real world operation without any interaction with operator.
Task-Specific Design of Porous Polymer Heterogeneous Catalysts beyond Homogeneous Counterparts (2015)

Porous organic polymers (POPs), which feature high surface areas and designable pore walls, have attracted much attention recently as a result of combining the advantages of both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. Because of the diversity of chemical reactions, one could design polymer frameworks with unique functionalities used as active sites and ligands in catalysis. In the view of green chemistry, this perspective is focused mainly on rational preparation of the porous organic polymers under metal-free conditions and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis. It is observed that many POP-based heterogeneous catalysts demonstrate superior catalytic properties, even better than the homogeneous counterparts. The strategies for designing highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts are briefly assessed.
Supplementary Table 1 from T-cell Landscape in a Primary Melanoma Predicts the Survival of Patients with Metastatic Disease after Their Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Summary of all analyzed primary tumor slides used in the analysis, using the same format as in Figure 1B of the main manuscript to illustrate the T cell landscapes.&lt;/p&gt;
Near-infrared electroluminescence from conjugated polymer/lanthanide porphyrin blends (2001)

Near-infrared-emitting polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) have been fabricated using blends of conjugated polymers and lanthanide tetraphenylporphyrin complexes. Host polymers include MEH–PPV and a bis-alkoxy-substituted poly(p-phenylene) (PPP–OR11), and the lanthanide complexes include Yb(TPP)acac and Er(TPP)acac (where TPP=5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin and acac=acetylacetonate). Electroluminescence (EL) is observed at 977 nm from devices fabricated using MEH–PPV or PPP–OR11 blended with Yb(TPP)acac, and EL is observed at 1560 nm from a device fabricated using a blend of MEH–PPV and Er(TPP)acac. Visible EL from the host polymers is strongly suppressed in all of the devices, however, in the device fabricated using the PPP–OR11 polymer blue emission from the host is completely quenched. Very efficient quenching of the EL from the host in the PPP–OR11 device is believed to occur due to efficient Förster energy transfer, which is facilitated by the excellent spectral overlap between the PPP–OR11 fluorescence and the Soret absorption band of the TPP ligand.
Network Information Theoretic Security (2020)

Shannon showed that to achieve perfect secrecy in point-to-point communication, the message rate cannot exceed the shared secret key rate giving rise to the simple one-time pad encryption scheme. In this paper, we extend this work from point-to-point to networks. We consider a connected network with pairwise communication between the nodes. We assume that each node is provided with a certain amount of secret bits before communication commences. An eavesdropper with unlimited computing power has access to all communication and can hack a subset of the nodes not known to the rest of the nodes. We investigate the limits on information-theoretic secure communication for this network. We establish a tradeoff between the secure channel rate (for a node pair) and the secure network rate (sum over all node pair rates) and show that perfect secrecy can be achieved if and only if the sum rate of any subset of unhacked channels does not exceed the shared unhacked-secret-bit rate of these channels. We also propose two practical and efficient schemes that achieve a good balance of network and channel rates with perfect secrecy guarantee. This work has a wide range of potential applications for which perfect secrecy is desired, such as cyber-physical systems, distributed-control systems, and ad-hoc networks.
Interrelation of Sweep and Pulse Analysis of the SET Process in SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Resistive Switching Memories (2014)

In this letter, we present a study of the SET kinetics of bipolar switching SrTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -based resistive memory devices. Pulse measurements on a timescale from 1 μs to 1 s and voltage sweeps with sweep-rates up to 6 MV/s were performed showing a highly nonlinear correlation between voltage and time. An analytical model is presented that explains the interrelation of both experiments by a comparative analysis of the current- voltage characteristics.
Rate-splitting Multiple Access and Dynamic User Clustering for Sum-Rate Maximization in Multiple RISs-aided Uplink mmWave System (2022)

&lt;p&gt;In this paper, a reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) uplink (UL) rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) system is investigated which targets to achieve better rate performance and enhanced coverage capability for multiple users. The considered UL RSMA model splits the rate for each user by dividing their message into multiple parts and hence exploits all the necessary degrees of freedom to achieve maximum capacity region and high user fairness. In particular, we focus on the sum-rate maximization for considered UL RSMA system subject to joint optimization of power allocation to the UL users and beamforming design, i.e., active receive beamforming at the base-station (BS) and passive beamforming at multiple RISs. To efficiently mitigate high inter-node interference in multi-user scenario, we first provided a low-complex user pairing scheme based on k-means clustering and then develop an effective low-cost alternating optimization framework to solve the joint optimization problem sub-optimally by decoupling the problem into different sub-problems of power allocation and beamforming design. Specifically, the sub-problems of power allocation and beamforming design are solved using successive convex approximation, Riemannian manifold and fractional programming techniques. Later, the unified solution based on block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm is proposed. Extensive numerical simulations validate that the user-clustering effectively significantly improves the performance gain and the considered RSMA system outperforms the conventional multiple schemes in terms rate and user-fairness. Also, the exploitation of spatial correlation among each RIS elements i.e., non-diagonal phase-matrices at each RIS achieve better performance that conventional diagonal phase-matrices setting.&lt;/p&gt;
A Simple Adaptive Transfer Function for Deriving the Central Blood Pressure Waveform from a Radial Blood Pressure Waveform (2016)

Generalized transfer functions (GTFs) are available to compute the more relevant central blood pressure (BP) waveform from a more easily measured radial BP waveform. However, GTFs are population averages and therefore may not adapt to variations in pulse pressure (PP) amplification (ratio of radial to central PP). A simple adaptive transfer function (ATF) was developed. First, the transfer function is defined in terms of the wave travel time and reflection coefficient parameters of an arterial model. Then, the parameters are estimated from the radial BP waveform by exploiting the observation that central BP waveforms exhibit exponential diastolic decays. The ATF was assessed using the original data that helped popularize the GTF. These data included radial BP waveforms and invasive reference central BP waveforms from cardiac catheterization patients. The data were divided into low, middle, and high PP amplification groups. The ATF estimated central BP with greater accuracy than GTFs in the low PP amplification group (e.g., central systolic BP and PP root-mean-square-errors of 3.3 and 4.2 mm Hg versus 6.2 and 7.1 mm Hg; p ≤ 0.05) while showing similar accuracy in the higher PP amplification groups. The ATF may permit more accurate, non-invasive central BP monitoring in elderly and hypertensive patients.
Size-Dependent Phase Transition of Diamond to Graphite at High Pressures (2007)

Size-dependent phase transition of nanosize diamond particles (NDPs) to graphite was found in the course of studies of high pressure high temperature (HPHT) induced transformations of NDPs at 8 GPa and in the temperature range of 873−1623 K. Analysis of the products of HPHT treatment of powder NDPs (with the mean size of 4.5 nm) by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopies, and Raman spectroscopy have shown that at 8 GPa the increase of the treatment temperature results in a gradual enlargement of NDPs. According to XRD data, the temperature increase from 873 to 1473 K at the treatment time of 60 s gives rise to NDP mean size enlargement from initial 4.5 to 8.8 nm. However, the largest NDPs can reach the sizes of 13.5−14.0 nm at 1473 K, as measured directly from TEM images. At 1623 K, size-dependent phase transition of diamond to graphite has been observed. By applying the Arrenius equation to the particle mean size versus treatment temperature plot, activation energy for the diamond solid phase growth at 8 GPa was calculated to be 112 ± 8 kJ/mol. The critical size of NDP corresponding to the point of phase transition at 8 GPa and 1623 K was estimated to be ∼18 nm. The likely effect of the size-dependent diamond-to-graphite phase transition on the process of diamond synthesis and, in particular, the problem of formation of critical seeds for crystal growth of macroscale diamond are discussed in the paper.
Methodology for Modeling Building Energy Performance across the Commercial Sector (2008)

This report uses EnergyPlus simulations of each building in the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) to document and demonstrate bottom-up methods of modeling the entire U.S. commercial buildings sector (EIA 2006). The ability to use a whole-building simulation tool to model the entire sector is of interest because the energy models enable us to answer subsequent 'what-if' questions that involve technologies and practices related to energy. This report documents how the whole-building models were generated from the building characteristics in 2003 CBECS and compares the simulation results to the survey data for energy use.
Total Synthesis of (2RS)‐α‐Tocopherol through Ni‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition to a Chromenone Intermediate (2014)

Abstract A novel strategy for the total synthesis of α‐tocopherol (“vitamin E”) was elaborated on the basis of the conjugate addition of AlMe 3 (as a methyl anion equivalent) to a 2‐substituted chromenone. Starting from trimethylhydroquinone and ( R , R )‐hexahydrofarnesol, the required chromenone substrate was efficiently prepared in a short sequence exploiting a TiCl 4 ‐mediated Fries rearrangement and a KO t Bu‐induced Baker–Venkatamaran rearrangement. The envisioned key step, which sets up the quaternary center at C2, was performed in virtually quantitative yield through Ni‐catalyzed conjugate addition of AlMe 3 . However, this transformation, which likely proceeds through a radical mechanism, could not be rendered stereoselective by means of chiral ligands. Nevertheless, the elaborated synthesis of (2 RS ,4′ R ,8′ R )‐α‐tocopherol ( 2 ‐ ambo ‐α‐tocopherol) is efficient and challenges the future development of suitable protocols for the asymmetric 1,4‐addition.
TRPA1 agonists modulate the trachealis muscle tone via two independent mechanisms (2015)

TRPA1 is a cation channel of the transient receptor potential channel family that is predominantly expressed in sensory C-fibers and activated by a wide variety of environmental irritants and endogenous inflammatory mediators relevant for asthma. Activation increases [Ca2+]i, induces inward currents and action potential discharge in lung-innervating C-fibers in vitro and elicits central reflexes in vivo. However, it remained unclear if TRPA1-dependent central reflex activity is associated with changes in lung function. To examine our hypothesis that TRPA1 activation in C-fibers induces bronchoconstriction, we performed head-out-bodyplethysmography in conscious mice and measured the midexpiratory tidal flow (EF50) during inhalation of increasing concentrations of cinnamaldehyde (CA), a TRPA1 agonist. Unexpectedly, CA induced a dose-dependent increase of EF50, characteristic for bronchodilation. Organ bath experiments on explanted, preconstricted tracheal rings to elucidate the nature of bronchodilation revealed that the CA effect was independent from central reflexes and could be mimicked by a variety of electrophilic and non-electrophilic TRPA1 agonists, including arcrolein, AITC, 2-APB, thymol and carvacrol. Surprisingly, the bronchodilatory effect of CA was increased by pre-treatment with TRPA1-antagonists (HC-030031, AP-18, Ruthenium-Red) as well as in tracheas of TRPA1-KO mice, indicating that CA causes a TRPA1-mediated bronchoconstriction which is superimposed by a TRPA1-independent bronchodilation. Since a 5-day organotypic culture of the tracheas was associated with an increased bronchodilation, we conclude that the TRPA1-dependent bronchoconstriction involves sensory neurons. However, the nature of the TRPA1-independent bronchodilation remains unclear since RP-67580, iberiotoxin, indomethacin, tetrodotoxin, propranolol, Nω-nitro-L-arginine and triphenylphosphine-oxide were ineffective. We conclude that activation of TRPA1 in C-fibers induces bronchoconstriction superimposed by a bronchodilatory effect of unknown etiology.
Probing π-coupling in molecular junctions (2005)

Charge transport characteristics for metal-molecule-metal junctions containing two structurally related pi-conjugated systems were studied to probe pi-pi interactions in molecular junctions. The first molecule contains a typical pi-conjugated framework derived from phenylene vinylene units, whereas the second has the phenylene vinylene structure interrupted by a [2.2]paracyclophane (pCp) core. Electrochemical investigations were used to characterize the defects and packing density of self-assembled monolayers of the two molecules on gold surfaces and to enable quantitative comparison of their transport characteristics. Current-voltage measurements across molecular junctions containing the two species demonstrate that the pCp moiety yields a highly conductive break in through-bond pi-conjugation. The observed high conductivity is consistent with density functional theory calculations, which demonstrate strong through-space pi-pi coupling across the pCp moiety.
The case for spectrum access (2018)

Fundamentally, this book seeks to capture the salient aspects of the exceedingly complex topic of radar and communication spectrum sharing, which is itself a menagerie of different problem spaces that depend on the particular goals one is attempting to achieve. The most prominent problem, and consequently the one most often first considered, is that of sharing between commercial communications and monolithic, stationary radars (e.g. for weather monitoring or air traffic control). Due to the sheer breadth of this topic, we do not attempt to codify all the many ways in which spectrum sharing could be performed. In fact, with the notion of radar spectrum sharing only rather recently becoming manifest due to the confluence of exponentially growing spectrum demand and emerging software-driven radio capabilities, one could well contend that we are now only glimpsing what will later be considered the earliest stages of spectrum sharing innovations.
Impact of Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma on the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2016)

Our findings indicate that PRAME expression is a novel prognostic marker in HCC patients.
Broadband Silicon Photonic Electrooptic Switch for Photonic Interconnection Networks (2011)

We present a silicon photonic microring resonator electrooptic switch, demonstrate error-free switching of single-channel data rates up to 40 Gb/s, and characterize the device using bit-error-rate and power penalty metrics. We experimentally verify penalty-free switching of single-channel data rates up to 10 Gb/s, and low-penalty switching up to 40 Gb/s, firmly establishing the feasibility of this switch for high-performance photonic networks-on-chip.
Leveraging high‐throughput technology to accelerate the time to clinic: A case study of a mAb (2015)

Acceleration of development timelines to support material production for early‐phase clinical trials has been a continuous goal within the life sciences industry, driven largely by the need to advance an ever increasing number of novel therapeutics into the clinic. This has challenged cell culture and purification development groups to become more efficient, realized in part by leveraging a platform process in the case of mAbs, adopting high‐throughput (HT) technologies, and scaling‐up directly from the HT formats to pilot and clinical scales for toxicology and clinical production. The work presented herein focuses on a case study where a mammalian cell culture process producing mAb A was developed almost exclusively utilizing HT technology. The study describes how HT systems such as microbioreactors for cell culture development and minicolumns driven by robotics for purification development were integrated to rapidly develop a robust production process that was then directly scaled‐up nearly 17 000‐fold for cell culture and 5200‐fold for purification steps to generate material for investigational new drug‐enabling toxicology studies at the 250 L bioreactor scale, followed by another rapid scale‐up to 1000 L for clinical production. Performance comparability across scales demonstrates the effectiveness of HT process development for accelerating the time to clinic.
Deep Mouse: An End-to-End Auto-Context Refinement Framework for Brain Ventricle & Body Segmentation in Embryonic Mice Ultrasound Volumes (2020)

The segmentation of the brain ventricle (BV) and body in embryonic mice high-frequency ultrasound (HFU) volumes can provide useful information for biological researchers. However, manual segmentation of the BV and body requires substantial time and expertise. This work proposes a novel deep learning based end-to-end auto-context refinement framework, consisting of two stages. The first stage produces a low resolution segmentation of the BV and body simultaneously. The resulting probability map for each object (BV or body) is then used to crop a region of interest (ROI) around the target object in both the original image and the probability map to provide context to the refinement segmentation network. Joint training of the two stages provides significant improvement in Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) over using only the first stage (0.818 to 0.906 for the BV, and 0.919 to 0.934 for the body). The proposed method significantly reduces the inference time (102.36 to 0.09 s/volume ≈1000x faster) while slightly improves the segmentation accuracy over the previous methods using slide-window approaches.
ChemInform Abstract: From Peptide to Non‐Peptide. Part 2. The de novo Design of Potent, Non‐ Peptidal Inhibitors of Platelet Aggregation Based on a Benzodiazepinedione Scaffold. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Extension to Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Classification and Prediction (2010)

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs), as an illustrative causative representation of modeling and manipulation of complex systems, can be used to model the dynamic behavior of the investigated systems. However, due to defects in expression and architecture, the traditional FCMs and most of their relevant extensions are not applicable to classification problems. To solve this problem, this paper presents an approach that directly extends the model by translating the reasoning mechanism of traditional FCMs to a set of fuzzy if– then rules. Moreover, the proposed approach fully considers the contribution of the inputs to the activation of the fuzzy rules and quantifies the causalities using mutual subsethood, which works in conjunction with volume defuzzification in a gradient descent-learning framework. In this manner, our approach enhances the capability of the conventional FCMs to automatically identify membership functions and quantify causalities. Despite the increase in the number of tunable parameters, experimental results show that the proposed approach efficiently extends the application of the traditional FCMs into classification problems, while keeping the ability for prediction and approximation.
A global interconnect design window for a three-dimensional system-on-a-chip (2001)

A global interconnect design window for a three-dimensional system-on-a-chip (3D-SoC) is established by evaluating the constraints of 1) wiring area, 2) clock wiring bandwidth, and 3) crosstalk noise. This window elucidates the optimum 3D-SoC global interconnect parameters for minimum pitch, minimum aspect ratio, or maximum clock frequency. In comparison to a two-dimensional system-on-a-chip (2D-SoC), the design window is greatly expanded for a 3D-SoC, thus reducing the sensitivity to interconnect parameter variations. In addition, the maximum global clock frequency is revealed to increase as S/sup 1.5/, where S is the number of strata. For example, a 3D-SoC with two strata has a maximum global clock frequency 2.8 times that of a 2D-SoC. This increase in on-chip bandwidth, however, comes at the expense of I/O density, highlighting the necessity for new high-density-I/O packaging techniques.
A Practical Longevity Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries: De-coupling the Time and Cycle-Dependence of Capacity Fade (2006)

Abstract not Available.