gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of capillary B-type natriuretic peptide testing (2019)

Background Capillary B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) testing is attractive in outpatient and emergency settings. The aim of this study was to perform an evaluation of the clinical performances of capillary BNP testing as compared with venous whole blood and plasma point-of-care (POC) BNP as well as plasma N-terminal (NT) proBNP central laboratory testing. Methods BNP was measured with a novel single epitope POC assay (Minicare® BV, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) and NT-proBNP with a central laboratory assay (Roche Diagnostics®, Vienna, Austria). Results BNP and NT-proBNP were measured in 269 patients of a Department of Cardiology (mean age 67.9 ± 13 years, 26.4% females). Capillary BNP very closely correlated with whole blood venous BNP (r = 0.99, p < 0.001). There was also a close correlation of plasma BNP and NT-proBNP concentrations (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). The diagnostic performances of capillary BNP, whole blood venous BNP, plasma BNP and plasma NT-proBNP for acute heart failure (areas under receiver operating characteristic curves [AUC ROC]: 0.73-0.77) or systolic left ventricular dysfunction in the whole study population (AUC ROC: 0.72-0.76) did not differ significantly. All were significant independent predictors of cardiovascular death during follow-up of the whole study population. Conclusions Our study for the first time demonstrated a very close correlation of capillary and venous whole blood or plasma BNP concentrations using the same BNP assay in a large patient cohort. The diagnostic performances of different BNP specimens did not differ significantly, and no significant differences between BNP and NT-proBNP were found either.
Treatment recommendations from the Eighth International Workshop on Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia (2016)

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a distinct B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder for which clearly defined criteria for the diagnosis, initiation of therapy, and treatment strategy have been proposed as part of the consensus panels of the International Workshop on Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (IWWM). At IWWM-8, a task force for treatment recommendations was impanelled to review recently published and ongoing clinical trial data as well as the impact of new mutations (MYD88 and CXCR4) on treatment decisions, indications for B-cell receptor and proteasome inhibitors, and future clinical trial initiatives for WM patients. The panel concluded that therapeutic strategies in WM should be based on individual patient and disease characteristics. Chemoimmunotherapy combinations with rituximab and cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone, bendamustine, or bortezomib-dexamethasone provide durable responses and are still indicated in most patients. Approval of the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib in the United States and Europe represents a novel and effective treatment option for both treatment-naive and relapsing patients. Other B-cell receptor inhibitors, second-generation proteasome inhibitors (eg, carfilzomib), and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors are promising and may increase future treatment options. Active enrollment in clinical trials whenever possible was endorsed by the panel for most patients with WM.
The trans -[py 2 AlCl 4 ] – (‘py’ = pyridine) Anion, Structurally Characterized in Two Pyridinium Salts (2004)

Salts of the trans- [py2AlCl4]– anion have been structurally characterized by ‘low’-temperature single crystal structure determinations of the adducts 2AlCl3 · 2HCl · 4py {=(pyH)2[(py)2AlCl4](AlCl4)}, and 2AlCl3 · 3HCl · 7py {=(pyH)3[(py)2AlCl4]2Cl}, extending the structurally characterized members of the array [(py) n AlCl(6– n) ] (n –3)± with ‘octahedral’ six-coordinate metal atom geometries, the members for n = 3 ( mer ) and 4 ( trans ) having been previously characterized.
Plasma Heating by an Electron Beam in Corrugated Magnetic Field (2004)

New experimental results from the multimirror trap GOL-3 are presented. Deuterium plasma of $~10^21 m^-3$ density is heated by a high power relativistic electron beam (peak parameters are ~1 MeV, ~25 kA, ~8 $μ$s, ~120 kJ). Magnetic system of the facility is a 12-meter-long axisymmetrical solenoid with corrugated magnetic field, which consists of 55 cells with $B_max/B_min$=4.8/3.2 T. Collective plasma heating by the electron beam results in peak electron temperature ~2 keV. To this time the ions are also collectively heated by gradients of electron pressure in the cells of the trap. Ion temperature increases above 1 keV and confines at the high level for ~1 ms. Dense hot plasma in GOL-3 trap emits D-D neutrons for ~1 ms. Details of collective plasma heating by the beam in the corrugated magnetic field will be presented in the paper. New physical mechanism of effective heating of plasma ions, substantially dependent on the corrugation of the magnetic field, is discussed. Experiments with complete multimirror configuration of the GOL-3 facility have shown the significant improvement of energy confinement time comparing with simple solenoidal configuration. Axial currents, which exist in the system, cause sheared helical structure of the magnetic field. The safety factor q is shown to be below unity on the axis.
UAV-Based Servicing of IoT Nodes: Assessment of Ecological Impact (2023)

Internet of Things (IoT) nodes get deployed for a variety of applications and often need to operate on batteries. This restricts their autonomy and/or can have a major ecological impact. The core idea of this paper is to use a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to provide energy to IoT nodes, and hence prolong their autonomy. In particular, the objective is to perform a comparison of the total energy consumption resulting from UAV-based recharging or battery replacement versus full provisioning at install time or remote RF-based wireless power transfer. To that end, an energy consumption model for a small license-free UAV is derived, and expressions for system efficiencies are formulated. An exploration of design and deployment parameters is performed. Our assessment shows that UAV-based servicing of IoT nodes is by far more beneficial in terms of energy efficiency when nodes at distances further than a few meters are serviced, with the gap increasing to orders of magnitude with the distance. Our numerical results also show that battery swapping from an energy perspective outperforms recharging in the field, as the latter increases hovering time and the energy consumption related to that considerably. The ecological aspects of the proposed methods are further evaluated, e.g., considering toxic materials and e-waste.
Structural Basis of Human Dimeric α-Amino-β-Carboxymuconate-ε-Semialdehyde Decarboxylase Inhibition With TES-1025 (2022)

Human α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) stands at a branch point of the <i>de novo</i> NAD<sup>+</sup> synthesis pathway and plays an important role in maintaining NAD<sup>+</sup> homeostasis. It has been recently identified as a novel therapeutic target for a wide range of diseases, including inflammatory, metabolic disorders, and aging. So far, in absence of potent and selective enzyme inhibitors, only a crystal structure of the complex of human dimeric ACMSD with pseudo-substrate dipicolinic acid has been resolved. In this study, we report the crystal structure of the complex of human dimeric ACMSD with TES-1025, the first nanomolar inhibitor of this target, which shows a binding conformation different from the previously published predicted binding mode obtained by docking experiments. The inhibitor has a <i>K</i> <sub><i>i</i></sub> value of 0.85 ± 0.22 nM and binds in the catalytic site, interacting with the Zn<sup>2+</sup> metal ion and with residues belonging to both chains of the dimer. The results provide new structural information about the mechanism of inhibition exerted by a novel class of compounds on the ACMSD enzyme, a novel therapeutic target for liver and kidney diseases.
Unsupervised Adaptive Weight Pruning for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Systems (2020)

To tackle real-world challenges, deep and complex neural networks are generally used with a massive number of parameters, which require large memory size, extensive computational operations, and high energy consumption in neuromorphic hardware systems. In this work, we propose an unsupervised online adaptive weight pruning method that dynamically removes non-critical weights from a spiking neural network (SNN) to reduce network complexity and improve energy efficiency. The adaptive pruning method explores neural dynamics and firing activity of SNNs and adapts the pruning threshold over time and neurons during training. The proposed adaptation scheme allows the network to effectively identify critical weights associated with each neuron by changing the pruning threshold dynamically over time and neurons. It balances the connection strength of neurons with the previous layer with adaptive thresholds and prevents weak neurons from failure after pruning. We also evaluated improvement in the energy efficiency of SNNs with our method by computing synaptic operations (SOPs). Simulation results and detailed analyses have revealed that applying adaptation in the pruning threshold can significantly improve network performance and reduce the number of SOPs. The pruned SNN with 800 excitatory neurons can achieve a 30% reduction in SOPs during training and a 55% reduction during inference, with only 0.44% accuracy loss on MNIST dataset. Compared with a previously reported online soft pruning method, the proposed adaptive pruning method shows 3.33% higher classification accuracy and 67% more reduction in SOPs. The effectiveness of our method was confirmed on different datasets and for different network sizes. Our evaluation showed that the implementation overhead of the adaptive method regarding speed, area, and energy is negligible in the network. Therefore, this work offers a promising solution for effective network compression and building highly energy-efficient neuromorphic systems in real-time applications.
Systems-analysis of inflammatory JNK signaling using live-cell FRET imaging (2018)

Background and aim: JNK (c-jun N-terminal kinase) is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and plays roles in multiple cellular processes in determining cell fates. Although regulatory pathway of JNK has been well documented to date, its dynamic behavior, as well as its regulation in living cells, remains elusive. We therefore aimed to elucidate JNK dynamics in living cells at higher resolution in time and space to understand its regulatory mechanism upon inflammatory cytokine stimulation.
Influence of Die Profiles and Cracks on Joint Buttons on the Joint Quality and Mechanical Strengths of High Strength Aluminium Alloy Joint (2012)

Currently, self-piercing riveting (SPR) is a major technology used by manufacturers to join aluminium body structures to reduce vehicle weight. Normally, for SPR of one specific stack more than one die, rivet, and velocity combination can be applied. Which parameter combination is chosen is depending on the surrounding joints. In order to increase productivity and reduce the number of robots used, it is preferred to use the same rivet/die combination for as many joints as possible. This means for the same stack, different die may be used. To see the influence of die profiles on joint quality, a DF die, which would generate severe cracks and a DC die, which would generate no cracks or only small cracks, were used to join two stacks with a high strength aluminium alloy, AA6008T61, as the bottom layer. The joint quality was analyzed, and the static and fatigue strengths of these stacks were studied. Results showed that cracks on joint buttons might reduce static and fatigue lap shear strength but had no obvious influence on static and fatigue T peel strength for the joints studied.
Control-oriented energy-profiling and modelling of urban electric vehicles (2011)

Electric vehicles (EVs) are attracting more and more attention as a means to reach the desired reduction in transport-induced greenhouse emissions. To ensure an effective energetic management of these vehicles, especially in urban areas, dedicated control strategies are needed that correctly deal with the constraints related to the battery usage while preserving a good driving feeling. A preliminary step for the design of an effective controller is to get a reliable model of the vehicle dynamics of interest and thorough understanding of the energy flows in the vehicle itself. To this end, this paper proposes a systematic way to perform an energy-profiling of urban EVs and addresses the modelling and identification steps needed to achieve a control-oriented description of the vehicle longitudinal dynamics. Validation results are provided from data measured on a light electric two-wheeled vehicle.
A Biosensor-CMOS Platform and Integrated Readout Circuit in 0.18-μm CMOS Technology for Cancer Biomarker Detection (2017)

This paper presents a biosensor-CMOS platform for measuring the capacitive coupling of biorecognition elements. The biosensor is designed, fabricated, and tested for the detection and quantification of a protein that reveals the presence of early-stage cancer. For the first time, the spermidine/spermine N1 acetyltransferase (SSAT) enzyme has been screened and quantified on the surface of a capacitive sensor. The sensor surface is treated to immobilize antibodies, and the baseline capacitance of the biosensor is reduced by connecting an array of capacitors in series for fixed exposure area to the analyte. A large sensing area with small baseline capacitance is implemented to achieve a high sensitivity to SSAT enzyme concentrations. The sensed capacitance value is digitized by using a 12-bit highly digital successive-approximation capacitance-to-digital converter that is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The readout circuit operates in the near-subthreshold regime and provides power and area efficient operation. The capacitance range is 16.137 pF with a 4.5 fF absolute resolution, which adequately covers the concentrations of 10 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, and 1.25 mg/L of the SSAT enzyme. The concentrations were selected as a pilot study, and the platform was shown to demonstrate high sensitivity for SSAT enzymes on the surface of the capacitive sensor. The tested prototype demonstrated 42.5 μS of measurement time and a total power consumption of 2.1 μW.
Rejuvenation of giant electrostrain in doped barium titanate single crystals (2023)

Engineering materials through the introduction of point defects has resulted in significant advances in semiconductor processing and, more recently, the observation of novel phenomena such as large reconfigurable strains in ferroelectrics as a result of defect dipole complexes. Up to 0.8% strain has been demonstrated in BaTiO3 crystals dilutely doped with iron. However, the defect dipole pinning sites and the corresponding achievable strains are found to degrade as the crystal is electrically cycled as part of the measurement process. The strain degradation rate is dependent on the applied field values but shows an exponential change in materials properties regardless of the electric field. This behavior, plus a change in impedance with number of times cycled, suggests these changes are due to electric field induced oxygen migration—similar to the cause of the resistance degradation effect. Despite this, effective piezoelectric coefficients of over 4700 pm/V were recorded with 1.5 kV/cm fields, one of the largest values for a lead-free piezoelectric material thus far. In addition, the defect dipole-aligned state and the high strains can be repeatably recovered by a subsequent heat treatment step after cycling. Potential paths to exploiting the defect dipole induced effects and large piezoelectric coefficient in these dilutely doped systems are proposed.
A passive microfluidic device for plasma extraction from whole human blood (2009)

Promising microfluidic devices are proposed herein to continuously and passively extract plasma from whole human blood. These designs are based on the red cells lateral migration and the resulting cell-free layer locally expanded by geometric singularities, such as an abrupt enlargement of the channel or a cavity adjacent to the channel. After an explanation of flow patterns, devices are experimentally and biologically validated for plasma extraction. They are also successively optimized with extraction yields up to 17.8% for a 1:20 blood injected at 100 microL/min.
Metabolism of Polyamines in Transgenic Cells of Carrot Expressing a Mouse Ornithine Decarboxylase cDNA1 (1998)

The metabolisms of arginine (Arg), ornithine (Orn), and putrescine were compared in a nontransgenic and a transgenic cell line of carrot (Daucus carota L.) expressing a mouse Orn decarboxylase cDNA. [14C]Arg, [14C]Orn, and [14C]putrescine were fed to cells and their rates of decarboxylation, uptake, metabolism into polyamines, and incorporation into acid-insoluble material were determined. Transgenic cells showed higher decarboxylation rates for labeled Orn than the nontransgenic cells. This was correlated positively with higher amounts of labeled putrescine production from labeled Orn. With labeled Arg, both the transgenic and the nontransgenic cells exhibited similar rates of decarboxylation and conversion into labeled putrescine. When [14C]putrescine was fed, higher rates of degradation were observed in transgenic cells as compared with the nontransgenic cells. It is concluded that (a) increased production of putrescine via the Orn decarboxylase pathway has no compensatory effects on the Arg decarboxylase pathway, and (b) higher rates of putrescine production in the transgenic cells are accompanied by higher rates of putrescine conversion into spermidine and spermine as well as the catabolism of putrescine.
Decay of Correlations in Fermi Systems at Nonzero Temperature (2004)

The locality of correlation functions is considered for Fermi systems at nonzero temperature. We show that for all short-range, lattice Hamiltonians, the correlation function of any two fermionic operators decays exponentially with a correlation length which is of order the inverse temperature for small temperature. We discuss applications to numerical simulation of quantum systems at nonzero temperature.
Renal nerve ablation reduces augmentation index in patients with resistant hypertension (2013)

RDN results in a substantial and rapid reduction in augmentation index, which appears to be independent of BP and MSNA changes. These findings are indicative of a beneficial effect of RDN on arterial stiffness in patients with resistant hypertension and may contribute to the sustained BP-lowering effect of RDN.
A new class of nitrosoureas. VIII. Synthesis and antitumor activity of 3-substituted 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1-nitrosoureas. (1983)

A series of six 3-substituted 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1-nitrosoureas (IVa-f) was prepared and tested for antitumor activities. Heating of cyclohexene oxide with various alkylamines followed by reaction with 2-chloroethyl isocyanate gave the corresponding ureas (IIIa-f), which were nitrosated with dinitrogen tetroxide to give the nitrosoureas (IVa-f). Decomposition of IVa and IV (IVd) d with aqueous sodium bicarbonate gave VIIa and VIIId, respectively, suggesting different modes activation. All the compounds obtained were remarkably active against leukemia L1210 and showed greater therapeutic ratios than the positive control : 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU). Against Ehrlich ascites tumor, the nitrosoureas (IVa-c) having one β-hydroxyl group on a cyclohexyl moiety exhibited rather weak activities, but the compounds (IVd-f) having two kinds of β-hydroxyl groups showed strong activities and large therapeutic ratios. This seems to be due to the difference in activation mode between these types of nitrosoureas.
Dedication to the Special Volume for Dietmar Seyferth (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditor's PageNEXTDedication to the Special Volume for Dietmar Seyferth†Manfred Bochmann, Maurice Brookhart, John A. Gladysz, Dennis L. Lichtenberger, Lanny S. Liebeskind, Tobin J. Marks, Richard R. Schrock, Dwight A. Sweigart, and Kenton H. WhitmireCite this: Organometallics 2010, 29, 21, 4647Publication Date (Web):November 1, 2010Publication History Received12 October 2010Published online1 November 2010Published inissue 8 November 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om100975mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/om100975meditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1004Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (585 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Energy,Organometallic chemistry Get e-Alerts
Digital video surveillance platform based on cell processor and H.264 video compression (2006)

We analyze challenges in the current approaches to digital video surveillance solutions, both technically and financially. We propose a Cell Processor based digital video surveillance platform to overcome those challenges and address ever growing needs in enterprise class surveillance solutions capable of addressing multiple thousands camera installations. To improve the compression efficiency we have chosen H.264 video compression algorithm which outperforms all standard video compression schemes as of today.
Core+ASIC methodology: the pursuit of system-on-a-chip (2002)

When integrating pre-designed cores, the ASIC design methodology must handle varying interface requirements, inconsistent testability requirements, limited core porosity and multiple core types. This paper discusses these challenges, proposes solutions, and gives specific examples of working system-on-a-chip hardware.