gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobility-Aware Joint Service Placement and Routing in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (2019)

People desire to be connected, no matter where they are. Recently, providing Internet access to on-board passengers has received a lot of attention from both industry and academia. However, in order to guarantee an acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) for the passenger services with low incurred cost, the path to route the services, as well as the datacenter (DC) to deploy the services should be carefully determined. This problem is challenging, due to different types of Air-to-Ground (A2G) connections, i.e., satellites and Direct-Air-to-Ground (DA2G) links. These A2G connection types differ in terms of cost, bandwidth, and latency. Furthermore, due to the flights' movements, it is important to consider adapting the service location accordingly. In this work, we formulate two Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) for the problem of Joint Service Placement and Routing (JSPR): i) Static (S-JSPR), and ii) Mobility-Aware~(MA-JSPR) in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN), with the objective of minimizing the total cost. We compare S-JSPR and MA-JSPR using comprehensive evaluations in a realistic European-based SAGIN. The obtained results show that the MA-JSPR model, by considering the future flight positions and using a service migration control, reduces the long-term total cost notably. Also, we show S-JSPR benefits from a low time-complexity and it achieves lower end-to-end delays comparing to MA-JSPR model.
Functional analysis of the breast cancer associated transcriptional repressor PLU-1/JARID1B (2006)

Background Epidemiological studies have shown that only about 20% of the familial clustering of breast cancer is explained by the known highly penetrant mutations in BRCA1 and BCRA2. We have set out to search for the genes for the remaining 80%. Twin studies indicate a predominant role of shared genes rather than a shared environment; the patterns of occurrence of breast cancer in families are consistent with a major polygenic component. Methods We have assembled a population based set of 5,000 breast cancer cases and 5,000 controls from the East Anglian population. We have simple clinical and epidemiological information, including family history, and samples of blood and paraffin embedded tumour. We have used association studies based on single nucleotide polymorphisms, first with candidate genes and then in a genome-wide scan of 266,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, to search for the putative predisposing genes. We have as yet searched only for common variants (frequency >5%).
ChemInform Abstract: Some Aspects of Multiple‐Quantum NMR (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The hexosamine pathway and coat complex II promote malignant adaptation to nutrient scarcity (2022)

The glucose-requiring hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which produces UDP-N-acetylglucosamine for glycosylation reactions, promotes lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. However, lung tumor cells often reside in low-nutrient microenvironments, and whether the HBP is involved in the adaptation of LUAD to nutrient stress is unknown. Here, we show that the HBP and the coat complex II (COPII) play a key role in cell survival during glucose shortage. HBP up-regulation withstood low glucose-induced production of proteins bearing truncated <i>N</i>-glycans, in the endoplasmic reticulum. This function for the HBP, alongside COPII up-regulation, rescued cell surface expression of a subset of glycoproteins. Those included the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), allowing an EGFR-dependent cell survival under low glucose in anchorage-independent growth. Accordingly, high expression of the HBP rate-limiting enzyme GFAT1 was associated with wild-type EGFR activation in LUAD patient samples. Notably, HBP and COPII up-regulation distinguished LUAD from the lung squamous-cell carcinoma subtype, thus uncovering adaptive mechanisms of LUAD to their harsh microenvironment.
Amplitude analysis of B0→D¯0Ds+π− and B+→D−Ds+π+ decays (2023)

Resonant contributions in B0→¯D0D+sπ− and B+→D−D+sπ+ decays are determined with an amplitude analysis, which is performed both separately and simultaneously, where in the latter case isospin symmetry between the decays is assumed. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1. A doubly charged spin-0 open-charm tetraquark candidate together with a neutral partner, both with masses near 2.9 GeV, are observed in the Dsπ decay channel.
Efficient Multi-Threading Strategies in VVenC, an Open and Optimized VVC Encoder Implementation (2022)

The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard has been developed to meet the ever-increasing demand for higher compression of digital video data. Compared to its predecessor, the High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, VVC reduces the bitrate by around 50% for the same perceived quality. This increase in compression efficiency is associated with an increase in computational complexity, mainly on the encoder side. As an open and optimized VVC software encoder implementation, VVenC integrates algorithmic optimizations for each coding tool in VVC. This allows to define a set of five presets from faster to slower as Pareto-optimal tradeoffs between runtime and efficiency. On top, multithreading allows to reduce the runtime and preserves most of the compression efficiency of each preset. This paper presents and analyses the different multi-threading strategies in VVenC. Using a combination of pre-processing, picture-level and in-picture parallelization, VVenC can achieve a parallelization speedup with a factor of 4 for 4 threads while reducing the compression efficiency by only 0.4%. For higher thread numbers, i.e. 16, the speedup depends on the video resolution and used encoder preset, ranging from 6-9 for high definition to 10-12 for ultrahigh definition video with similar loss of compression efficiency. Using additional wavefront and tiles in-picture parallelization, higher speedups can be achieved at the costs of decreased coding efficiency.
Bulk-Si photonics technology for DRAM interface [Invited] (2014)

We present photonics technology based on a bulk-Si substrate for cost-sensitive dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) optical interface application. We summarize the progress on passive and active photonic devices using a local-crystallized Si waveguide fabricated by solid phase epitaxy or laser-induced epitaxial growth on bulk-Si substrate. The process of integration of a photonic integrated circuit (IC) with an electronic IC is demonstrated using a 65 nm DRAM periphery process on 300 mm wafers to prove the possibility of seamless integration with various complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. Using the bulk-Si photonic devices, we show the feasibility of high-speed multidrop interface: the Mach–Zehnder interferometer modulators and commercial photodetectors are used to demonstrate four-drop link operation at 10  Gb/s, and the transceiver chips with photonic die and electronic die work for the DDR3 DRAM interface at 1.6  Gb/s under a 1∶4 multidrop configuration.
Selective self-assembly of single walled carbon nanotubes in long steel tubing for chemical separations (2006)

This paper reports the scaled-up self-assembly of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the inside wall of a long silica-lined steel capillary tubing for applications such as chemical processing and separations. A unique one step self-assembly process has been developed and the effect of the substrate on the morphology of the CVD growth has been studied. With the aerosol spray of an ethanolic solution consisting of dissolved cobalt and molybdenum as metal catalysts and co-catalysts respectively, the catalyst was generated and activated in situ inside the interior of the tubing, in parallel with the synthesis of SWCNTs, thus eliminating the need to coat the substrate with the catalyst prior to the synthesis of the nanotubes. The presence of a silica layer on the steel tubing was found to be critical for the formation of SWCNTs. Gas chromatographic separation of aromatic compounds is demonstrated on the capillary tube.
Decoding auditory and tactile attention for use in an EEG-based brain-computer interface (2020)

Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems offer a nonverbal and covert way for humans to interact with a machine. They are designed to interpret a user's brain state that can be translated into action or for other communication purposes. This study investigates the feasibility of developing a hands- and eyes-free BCI system based on auditory and tactile attention. Users were presented with multiple simultaneous streams of auditory or tactile stimuli, and were directed to detect a pattern in one particular stream. We applied a linear classifier to decode the stream-tracking attention from the EEG signal. The results showed that the proposed BCI system could capture attention from most study participants using multisensory inputs, and showed potential in transfer learning across multiple sessions.
Luxibacter massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from the human gut microbiota (2021)

An anaerobic facultative Gram-stain positive bacterium was isolated from human gut microbiota. Strain Marseille-P5551<sup>T</sup> was considered to be a new genus within the phylum <i>Firmicutes</i>, as it exhibits a 91.87% similarity level with <i>Faecalicatena orotica</i> (NR_117129.1), the phylogenetically closest related species. The draft genome size of strain Marseille-P5551<sup>T</sup> is 4 142 938 bp with 44.4% of G + C content. We hereby suggest the creation of <i>Luxibacter massiliensis</i> gen. nov., sp. nov., as a new bacterial genus.
Dominant‐negative variant in SLC1A4 causes an autosomal dominant epilepsy syndrome (2023)

SLC1A4 is a trimeric neutral amino acid transporter essential for shuttling L-serine from astrocytes into neurons. Individuals with biallelic variants in SLC1A4 are known to have spastic tetraplegia, thin corpus callosum, and progressive microcephaly (SPATCCM) syndrome, but individuals with heterozygous variants are not thought to have disease. We identify an 8-year-old patient with global developmental delay, spasticity, epilepsy, and microcephaly who has a de novo heterozygous three amino acid duplication in SLC1A4 (L86_M88dup). We demonstrate that L86_M88dup causes a dominant-negative N-glycosylation defect of SLC1A4, which in turn reduces the plasma membrane localization of SLC1A4 and the transport rate of SLC1A4 for L-serine.
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of interfaces of layered structures (1989)

This research is concerned with characterizing impurity level elements in interface conditions. Impurity elements such as gallium and arsenic, when in ppm to less than 1.0 wt.% concentrations are not easily investigated without exposing the interface as a free surface. With extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, one can characterize the impurity level elements as to their local structure in the in situ condition. Samples of alternating layers of AlGa and AlAs were made using a molecular beam epitaxy system where gallium and arsenic layers were half monolayer thickness. The gallium in the AlGa samples was characterized to be in solution in the aluminum. The arsenic was well ordered with a near neighbor AlAs structure. The impurity interfaces were identified to be locally diffuse. The EXAFS results were complemented by Auger electron spectroscopy analysis.
Strain-Adaptive Self-Assembled Networks of Linear-Bottlebrush-Linear Copolymers (2019)

We study the strain-adaptive behavior of the self-assembled networks of linear-bottlebrush-linear (LBL) triblock copolymers using a combination of analytical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Interactions between immiscible blocks result in microphase separation and formation of soft and strain-adaptive composite networks. Such unique network properties are manifestations of the architectural asymmetry of the two blocks: (i) flexible linear chains that aggregate into domains and (ii) bottlebrush strands that form a soft matrix. The mechanical response of the networks is a two-stage process, which starts with the extension of the bottlebrush network strands (elastic deformation regime) followed by the pulling out of the linear chains from L-domains (yielding regime). In the elastic stage of deformation, the stress–strain curves are described by a nonlinear network deformation model, which considers bottlebrush strands as semiflexible chains with an effective Kuhn length. During the yielding stage, forces generated in bottlebrush strands become sufficient to pull linear chains from the aggregates. This pull out process creates a new interface between linear and bottlebrush blocks and occurs at a constant force. This is manifested in a linear dependence of the true stress on the network elongation ratio, σtrue ∝ λ, for uniaxial network deformations. The two-stage network deformation process is incorporated into a unifying model of strain-adaptive network deformation. The model predictions are confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations of uniaxial deformation of self-assembled LBL copolymer networks and by experimental results for copolymers consisting of poly(dimethylsiloxane) bottlebrush block and two poly(methyl methacrylate) linear chain blocks with different compositions and block lengths.
Aggregation control in natural brush-printed conjugated polymer films and implications for enhancing charge transport (2017)

Shear-printing is a promising processing technique in organic electronics for microstructure/charge transport modification and large-area film fabrication. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which shear-printing can enhance charge transport is not well-understood. In this study, a printing method using natural brushes is adopted as an informative tool to realize direct aggregation control of conjugated polymers and to investigate the interplay between printing parameters, macromolecule backbone alignment and aggregation, and charge transport anisotropy in a conjugated polymer series differing in architecture and electronic structure. This series includes (<i>i</i>) semicrystalline hole-transporting P3HT, (<i>ii</i>) semicrystalline electron-transporting N2200, (<i>iii</i>) low-crystallinity hole-transporting PBDTT-FTTE, and (<i>iv</i>) low-crystallinity conducting PEDOT:PSS. The (semi-)conducting films are characterized by a battery of morphology and microstructure analysis techniques and by charge transport measurements. We report that remarkably enhanced mobilities/conductivities, as high as 5.7×/3.9×, are achieved by controlled growth of nanofibril aggregates and by backbone alignment, with the adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup><sub>adj</sub>) correlation between aggregation and charge transport as high as 95%. However, while shear-induced aggregation is important for enhancing charge transport, backbone alignment alone does not guarantee charge transport anisotropy. The correlations between efficient charge transport and aggregation are clearly shown, while mobility and degree of orientation are not always well-correlated. These observations provide insights into macroscopic charge transport mechanisms in conjugated polymers and suggest guidelines for optimization.
Isolation of new probes from Xq12→q13: an example of the screening of reference libraries with <i>Alu-PCR</i> products from radiation hybrids (1992)

In order to isolate new probes from the juxtacentromeric region of the long arm of the human X chromosome, we used Alu-mediated polymerase chain reaction (Alu-PCR) products as probes to directly screen a chromosome X-specific gridded cosmid library. These Alu-PCR products were synthesized from radiation hybrids containing the loci DXS159, PGK1, and PGK1P1. This approach allowed us to select 18 cosmids capable of hybridizing with at least two Alu-PCR products. Four cosmids hybridized to more than three Alu-PCR products. Three of these four cosmids were contiguous, and the fourth was independent. Two cosmids that hybridized with two Alu-PCR products were further characterized. Physical mapping indicated that all of these clones are located in the expected region on Xq, confirming the validity of our approach.
Performing a local barrier operation (2023)

Performing a local barrier operation with parallel tasks executing on a compute node including, for each task: retrieving a present value of a counter; calculating, in dependence upon the present value of the counter and a total number of tasks performing the local barrier operation, a base value, the base value representing the counter's value prior to any task joining the local barrier; calculating, in dependence upon the base value and the total number of tasks performing the local barrier operation, a target value of the counter, the target value representing the counter's value when all tasks have joined the local barrier; joining the local barrier, including atomically incrementing the value of the counter; and repetitively, until the present value of the counter is no less than the target value of the counter: retrieving the present value of the counter and determining whether the present value equals the target value.
Thermal conductivity of (Zr,W)N/ScN metal/semiconductor multilayers and superlattices (2009)

The cross-plane thermal conductivities of metal/semiconductor multilayers and epitaxial superlattices have been measured as a function of period by time-domain thermoreflectance at room temperature. (001)-oriented ZrN (metal)/ScN (semiconductor) multilayers and (Zr,W)N/ScN epitaxial superlattices with the rocksalt crystal structure were grown on (001)MgO substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering. A distinct minimum in thermal conductivity at a period of ∼6 nm is observed for ZrN/ScN multilayers. The minimum thermal conductivity of 5.25 W/m K is a factor of ∼2.7 smaller than the mean of the thermal conductivities (including only the lattice contributions) of the values measured for films of the constituent materials, and approximately equal to the lattice component of the thermal conductivity of a Zr0.65Sc0.35N alloy film (∼5 W/m K). Alloying the ZrN layers with WNx reduces the lattice mismatch, yielding epitaxial (Zr,W)N/ScN superlattices. The addition of WNx also reduces the thermal conductivity to ∼2 W/m K, a value that is sufficiently low to suggest promise for these materials as solid-state thermionic generators.
Endoscopic approach to colloid cyst: what is the optimal entry point and trajectory? (2014)

The results suggest that the optimal entry for ECC excision be located at 42.3 ± 11.7 mm perpendicular to the midline, and 46.9 ± 5.7 mm anterior to the coronal suture, but also that this point differs with the size of the ventricles. Intraoperative stereotactic navigation should be considered for all ECC procedures whenever it is available. The entry point should be estimated from the patient's own preoperative imaging studies if intraoperative neuronavigation is not available. An estimated entry point of 4 cm perpendicular to the midline and 4.5 cm anterior to the coronal suture is an acceptable alternative that can be used in patients with ventriculomegaly.
Reactions of SF6 with Organotitanium and Organozirconium Complexes:  The “Inert” SF6 as a Reactive Fluorinating Agent (2005)

The normally remarkably inert SF6 has been found to be quite reactive toward low valent organometallic compounds, under conditions in which usually powerful fluorinating agents may be less reactive. Reaction of SF6 with Ti[1,3-C5H3(t-Bu)2](6,6-dmch)(PMe3), for example, leads to {Ti[1,3-C5H3(t-Bu)2]F2}4 (dmch = dimethylcyclohexadienyl), whose structure is based on a cube of fluoride ions with the ligated titanium centers situated above four coplanar face centers.
Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HEI193 Schwann cells (2019)

Baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from the roots of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i> Georgi., has various pharmacological effects due to its high antioxidant activity. However, no study has yet been conducted on the protective efficacy of baicalein against oxidative stress in Schwann cells. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of baicalein on DNA damage and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in HEI193 Schwann cells. For this purpose, HEI193 cells exposed to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in the presence or absence of baicalein were applied to cell viability assay, immunoblotting, Nrf2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, comet assay, and flow cytometry analyses. Our results showed that baicalein effectively inhibited H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage associated with the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Baicalein also weakened H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activated caspase-9 and -3, and degraded poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. In addition, baicalein increased not only the expression but also the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a critical target enzyme of Nrf2, although the expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 was decreased. However, the inhibition of Nrf2 expression by transfection with Nrf2-siRNA transfection abolished the expression of HO-1 and antioxidant potential of baicalein. These results demonstrate that baicalein attenuated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced apoptosis through the conservation of mitochondrial function while eliminating ROS in HEI193 Schwann cells, and the antioxidant efficacy of baicalein implies at least a Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-dependent mechanism. Therefore, it is suggested that baicalein may have a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of peripheral neuropathy induced by oxidative stress.
Integrated photonic crystal waveguides on silicon-on-sapphire for chemical sensing in mid-infrared (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate transmission characteristics of a W1 photonic crystal waveguide in silicon on sapphire at mid infrared wavelength of 3.43 m. Devices are studied as a function of lattice constant to tune the photonic stop band across the single wavelength of the source laser. The shift in the transmission profile as a function of temperature and refractive index is experimentally demonstrated. In addition to zero transmission in the stop gap, high transmission was observe for the characteristic of the waveguiding behavior of photonic crystal line defect modes.