gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Shear Driven Liquid Wall Film on the Performance of Prefilming Airblast Atomizers (1998)

Advanced prefilming airblast atomizers are widely used for low emission combustors since they deliver a fine spray almost independently of the fuel flow rate. The droplet spectrum produced by this type of atomizer results from the aerodynamic forces at the atomizer edge and from the fuel properties prior to the film disintegration. Therefore, the wall film temperature is an important parameter affecting the fuel properties and in turn the atomization quality. Even though this atomizer type became well investigated (Lefebvre 1989, Rizk et al. 1987, Sattelmayer et al. 1989), still no general quantitative relationship between atomizer design and spray quality could be established since the fuel state at the atomizer edge cannot be precisely predicted yet. In extending earlier experimental and theoretical work on airblast atomizers (Sattelmayer et al. 1989, Himmelsbach et al. 1994, Willmann et al. 1997) and recent advances in the numerical modeling of wall film flows (Rosskamp et al. 1997a), this paper presents a numerical approach to judge the effect of fuel mass flow, air flow and the film length (i. e. length of atomizer lip) on the temperature of the liquid at the atomizer edge. The computer code developed provides detailed information on the wall film flow and the nozzle wall temperature. For the prediction of heat transfer to the film a new model has been developed which is based on measurements of the internal film flow (Elsäßer et al 1997). This new numerical approach can serve as a design tool to evaluate the effects of design modifications during atomizer development with view to their effect on atomization performance. The paper includes the theory for two-phase flow modeling and a generic parameter study that points out that the liquid loading and the length of the atomizer lip are important parameters in atomizer design. The calculations presented in the paper emphasize the necessity of coupled two-phase flow calculations because the film strongly interacts with the gas phase and the predicted atomizer performance is sensitive to changes in the air flow.
Bis‐Cyclometalated Indazole Chiral‐at‐Rhodium Catalyst for Asymmetric Photoredox Cyanoalkylations (2019)

A new class of bis-cyclometalated rhodium(III) catalysts containing two inert cyclometalated 6-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole ligands and two labile acetonitriles is introduced. Single enantiomers (>99 % ee) were obtained through a chiral-auxiliary-mediated approach using a monofluorinated salicyloxazoline. The new chiral-at-metal complex is capable of catalyzing the visible-light-induced enantioselective α-cyanoalkylation of 2-acyl imidazoles in which it serves a dual function as the chiral Lewis acid catalyst for the asymmetric radical chemistry and at the same time as the photoredox catalyst for the visible-light-induced redox chemistry (up to 80 % yield, 4:1 d.r., and 95 % ee, 12 examples).
Perfect velocity tracking for biomedical applications using a pneumatic muscle actuator (2009)

A perfect velocity tracking controller is synthesized involving a pneumatic muscle (PM) actuator which may be used for resistance exercise in space applications. In such biomedical devices, isokinetic (constant velocity) tracking is critically important for rehabilitation and emulation of limb motion. To wrap feedback around a pneumatic muscle to perform velocity tracking requires a careful analysis to ensure the efficacy of the device with human use. First a linearization of the dynamics of the PM is performed with a steady state analysis of a controller design. Generalization to nonlinear dynamics is then presented.
p53-independent induction of WAF1/CIP1 in human leukemia cells is correlated with growth arrest accompanying monocyte/macrophage differentiation. (1995)

The p53 tumor suppressor gene plays a role in controlling a G1 phase checkpoint. The WAF1/CIP1 gene with encodes p21WAF1/CIP1 protein, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, is a downstream mediator of p53 function. We examined expression of the WAF1/CIP1 gene and its relationship to growth arrest and differentiation in p53-null human leukemic cell lines. We show that p53-independent induction of WAF1/CIP1 occurs in human leukemia cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, okadaic acid, or IFN-gamma but not with retinoic acid, vitamin D3, or DMSO. Furthermore, WAF1/CIP1 induction correlates with growth arrest associated with monocyte-macrophage differentiation. The present studies support the idea that WAF1/CIP1 gene expression can be regulated through multiple mechanisms, suggesting that strategies may be designed to restore the G1 checkpoint controls in p53-null cells by targeting these p53-independent mechanisms of WAF1/CIP1 induction.
Security Analysis and Extensions of the PCB Algorithm for Distributed Key Generation (2008)

Poovendran, Corson, and Baras presented a distributed cryptographic key-generation algorithm that was suitable for wireless networking environment. However, the security as well as the computational complexity of their scheme were never analyzed. In this work, we present information theoretic analysis of their work and derive the properties of the cryptographic keys that are generated by their scheme. We also present efficient computational schemes that would require only a logarithmic number of steps in group size to compute the common keys.
A genome-wide association study on thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in Koreans (2014)

Genetic factors are thought to be an important determinant of thyroid function and autoimmunity. However, there are limited data on genetic variants in Asians. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study on plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) concentration and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody positivity in 4238 Korean subjects. In the Stage 1 genome scan, 3396 participants from the Ansung cohort were investigated using 1.42 million genotyped or imputed markers. In the Stage 2 follow-up, 10 markers were genotyped in 842 participants from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging cohort. An intronic variant in VAV3, rs12126655, which has been reported in Europeans, was significantly associated with plasma TSH concentration in the joint Stages 1 and 2 analyses (P = 2.2 × 10(-8)). We observed that a novel variant, rs2071403, located 75 bp proximal to the translational start site of TPO was significantly associated with plasma anti-TPO antibody positivity in the joint Stages 1 and 2 analyses (P = 1.3 × 10(-10)). This variant had a marginal sex-specific effect, and its association was more significant in females. Subjects possessing the rs2071403A allele, associated with an absence of the anti-TPO antibody, had decreased TPO mRNA expression in their thyroid tissue. Another intronic variant of HLA-DPB2, rs733208, had a suggestive association with anti-TPO antibody positivity (P = 4.2 × 10(-7)). In conclusion, we have identified genetic variants that are strongly associated with TSH level and anti-TPO antibody positivity in Koreans. Further replications and meta-analysis are required to confirm these findings.
Modular design and performance ranking of communication protocols (2009)

In this deliverable we present a systematic approach towards designing modularized protocols and rank a contribution of their components to the overall system performance. In the nutshell, this app ...
Flux weakening control of PMSG based on direct wave energy converter systems (2017)

Thispaper deals with a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) driven by a Direct Wave Energy Converters (DWEC) through a PWM power converter and used for isolated sites. Control strategies for such train systems must be taken into account when the swell excitation forces exceed the rated value corresponding to the rated power of generator and converter. Over-rated swell effects occurs at large spring tides or under strong sea states; in these cases maximum power leveling strategies must be adopted to limit the generator power at rated value. In this work, power limitation strategy with flux-weakening control is investigated. This later is applied to extend the rotor speed operating range over the nominal speed during high speed swell effects. Robustness and performance of the considered system with flux weakening control of the PMSG are evaluated. Simulations are carried-out to highlight the proposed PMSG-based DWEC performance under flux weakening conditions.
AL amyloidosis (2004)

Monoclonal gammopathies are disorders characterized by a monoclonal protein (M-protein) detected in the serum or urine by electrophoresis. The M-protein is produced by monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. Multiple myeloma (MM) is the malignant expression of an IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, or free light-chain monoclonal gammopathy. Marrow plasma cells accumulate and patients die of progressive disease related to bone destruction, renal failure, anemia, infection, or bleeding. Multiple myeloma has a clinically benign precursor condition termed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signiﬁcance (MGUS). Patients are typically asymptomatic and have stable M-protein measurements. The term MGUS has been adopted because approximately 1% of patients per year develop a serious disease, such as multiple myeloma or a related disorder.
Life cycle assessment of spider silk nonwoven meshes in an air filtration device (2014)

Spider silk is a highly interesting protein fiber with outstanding properties. Since natural spider silk is not available for technical applications due to spiders’ cannibalism, the production of recombinant spider silk proteins has been established. The goal of this study was to examine the ecological impact of spider silk nonwoven layers in an air filtration device using comparative life cycle assessment. The investigation focused on the environmental benefits of using recombinantly produced spider silk proteins processed into nonwoven meshes in comparison to melt-blown synthetic polymer filter layers in dust bags. The considered functional unit was one dust bag containing spider silk in comparison to one commercially available dust bag. In case of spider silk dust bags, 9 kg of CO 2 -equivalents could be saved per domestic home and year in the category of global warming potential in comparison to commercially available ones. Assuming that all used dust bags would be furnished with spider silk nonwoven meshes, the overall benefit for exemplary Germany would be 241 million kg CO 2 -equivalents. This article contains supporting information that will be made available online once the issue is published.
Field heritabilities and lack of correlation of snail shell form and anti-predator function estimated using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods (2012)

Problem: It is often assumed that the heritability of performance traits (function) can be estimated by the heritability of primary traits (e.g. form). It is also frequently assumed that performance traits should be less heritable than primary traits. These assumptions should be carefully evaluated rather than assumed. One common area of study in which these assumptions have been made is anti-predator traits and performance. Organisms: A freshwater aquatic snail species, the Mexican banded spring snail Mexipyrgus churinceanus, endemic to the isolated Cuatro Cienegas valley in Mexico. The crushing predator of this snail species, the fish Herichthys minckleyi, is also endemic to the valley. We studied the free-ranging snail population. Methods: We estimated narrow-sense heritability of shell thickness and shape (form), and crushing resistance (function) under field conditions. We used multi-locus genotyping to reconstruct a pedigree in a small wild population, and used animal models to estimate genetic and environmental variance components needed to estimate heritabilities. We estimated variance components using Bayesian inferences and also, for comparison, the traditional restricted maximum likelihood approach. We also estimated pairwise phenotypic correlations between traits. Results: The two methods produced similar results, although the maximum likelihood approach was more conservative. The trait closest to fitness (crushing resistance) exhibited the greatest heritability: the heritability of crushing resistance was at least twice as high as the heritability of thickness and shape. No phenotypic correlations were evident between traits.
A Control Technique for Doubly Fed Induction Generators to Solve Flicker Problems in Wind Power Generation (2006)

The paper deals with wind power plants working connected to weak network. For high power applications, at present, doubly fed induction machines are often used. Their use is widespread because they make possible the speed regulation, even if in a limited range, without the need high power electronic converters. Wind energy conversion systems can produce torque fluctuations at the generator shaft. These fluctuations represent a serious limitation for weak networks in which flicker effect can emerge. In the paper a full modelling of the doubly fed induction machine used in wind energy systems and of the flicker phenomenon is done. In particular, a new analytical function suitable to represent the magnetic behaviour of the induction machine basing only on some steady state data has been proposed and verified by means of experimental tests. It is shown that rotor feeding influences flicker amplitude. In order to reduce flicker effect a proper rotor feeding algorithm has been proposed and tested by means of numerical simulations.
A Robust Fractionation Method for Protein Subcellular Localization Studies in Escherichia Coli (2019)

Fractionation in Gram-negative bacteria is used to identify the subcellular localization of proteins, in particular the localization of exported recombinant proteins. The process of cell fractionation can be fraught with cross-contamination issues and often lacks supporting data for fraction purity. Here, we compare three periplasm extraction and two cell disruption techniques in different combinations to investigate which process gives uncontaminated compartments from Escherichia coli. From these data, a robust method named PureFrac was compiled that gives pure periplasmic fractions and a superior recovery of soluble cytoplasmic proteins. The process extracts periplasm using cold osmotic shock with magnesium, prior to sonication and ultracentrifugation to separate the cytoplasm from insoluble material. This method handles cells cultivated in various conditions and allows preparation of active proteins in their respective compartments.
The role of transforming growth factor-beta signaling in a murine model of lung cancer (88.16) (2009)

Abstract The transforming growth factor beta TGFβ is known to be a potent tumour suppressor at early stages of cancer. However, cancer cells can lose responsiveness to TGFβ through mutations in the signaling pathway downstream of the TGFβ receptor. TGFβ influences the development of regulatory T cells known to enhance cancer development. We analyzed TGFβ expression in the lung of subjects affected by lung adenocarcinoma. TGFβ mRNA level was increased in the lung of these patients and this value correlated with the progression of the disease. We thus asked whether targeting TGFβ signalling in T cells would inhibit regulatory T cells in a murine model of lung adenocarcinoma. Mice that overexpress a dominant negative form of TGFβ type II receptor lacking the cytoplasmic kinase domain in T cells were used. Histologically, we found a tumour regression in the abscence of TGFβ signalling in T cells. A hyperproliferation of the CD4+ T cells overproducing interferon gamma (IFNγ) was observed. Analysis of the regulatory T cells showed an intact supression function of these cells. In summary, a defective TGFβ-signalling in lung T cells could lead to amelioration of lung adenocarcinoma in mice because inducing hyperproliferation of IFN-gamma producing CD4+ T cells thus limiting the T regulatory component in this disease. This work is supported by the GK1043 in Mainz.
Avoiding weak parameters in secret image sharing (2014)

Secret image sharing is a popular image hiding scheme that typically uses (3, 3, n) multi-secret sharing to hide the colors of a secret image. The use of (3, 3, n) multi-secret sharing, however, can lead to information loss. In this paper, we study this loss of information from an image perspective, and show that one-third of the color values of the secret image can be leaked when the sum of any two selected share numbers is equal to the considered prime number in the secret sharing. Furthermore, we show that if the selected share numbers do not satisfy this condition (for example, when the value of each of the selected share number is less than the half of the value of the prime number), then the colors of the secret image are not leaked. In this case, a noise-like image is reconstructed from the knowledge of less than three shares.
PROBLEMS AND PITFALLS OF 3-STEP AVIDIN-BIOTIN PRETARGETING (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Poster Session: PDF Only
Effect of Slow Wave Sleep Disruption on Metabolic Parameters in Adolescents (2016)

Pubertal children across a range of body mass indices may be resistant to the adverse metabolic effects of acute SWS disruption. Only those subjects with high SI (i.e., having the greatest "metabolic reserve") demonstrated a consistent decrease in SI. These results suggest that adolescents may have a unique ability to adapt to metabolic stressors, such as acute SWS disruption, to maintain euglycemia. Additional studies are necessary to confirm that this resiliency is maintained in settings of chronic SWS disruption.
Energy Efficient Memory-based Inference of LSTM by Exploiting FPGA Overlay (2023)

The fourth industrial revolution (a.k.a. Industry 4.0) relies on intelligent machines that are fully autonomous and can diagnose and resolve operational issues without human intervention. Therefore, embedded computing platforms enabling the necessary computations for intelligent machines are critical for the ongoing industrial revolution. Especially field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are highly suited for such embedded computing due to their high performance and easy reconfigurability. Many Industry 4.0 applications, such as predictive maintenance, critically depend on real-time and reliable processing of time-series data using recurrent neural network models, especially long short-term memory (LSTM). Therefore, the FPGA-based acceleration of LSTM is imperative for many Industry 4.0 applications. Existing LSTM models for FPGAs incur significant resources and power and are not energy efficient. Moreover, prior works focusing on reducing latency and power mainly adhere to model pruning, which compromises the accuracy. Comparatively, we propose a memory-based energy-efficient inference of LSTM by exploiting overlay in FPGA. In our methodology, we pre-compute predominant operations and store them in the available embedded memory blocks (EMBs) of an FPGA. On-demand, these pre-computed results are accessed to minimize the necessary workload. Via this methodology, we obtained lower latency, lower power, and better energy efficiency than state-of-the-art LSTM models without any loss of accuracy. Specifically, when implemented on the ZynQ XCU104 evaluation board, a 3 x reduction in latency and 5 x reduction in power is obtained then the reference 16-bit LSTM model.
Study on trasient liquid insert metal diffusion bonding of Ni base superalloys. (Part 3). Metallurgical study of TLIM bonding. (1989)

Metallurgical studies on the bonded interlayers of Ni-base superalloy MM 007 joints were carried out during transient liquid insert metal diffusion bonding (TLIM bonding). The formation and growth mechanism of solid during isothermal solidification process in TLIM bonding was also investigated. Based on these results, the mechanism of TLIM bonding was considered.Main experimental results obtained in this research are as follows.(1) Microstructures of the bonded interlayers of joints made at 1423K for 3.84ks were characterized by the insert metals. In the case of Ni-Si-B alloys, MBF-30 and MBF-35, coarse γ' phase were produced in the bonded interlayer. In the case of Ni-Cr-B alloy, MBF-80 and Ni-Co-Si-B alloy, MBF-90, coarse γ' phases were not produced, and fine γ' phases were produced in the bonded interlayer.(2) In the isothermal solidification process of TLIM bonding, solids grew epitaxially from mating base metal inward the liquid insert metal and grain boundaries were formed at the intersections of growing solids.(3) The growth mechanism of solid into transient liquid phase in TLIM bonding was equal to that in the fusion welding.
Feasibility of strain relaxed InAsP and InGaAs compliant substrates (2003)

With a view to investigating the feasibility of using ultrathin films as compliant substrates, we present some preliminary results concerning InAs/sub 0.25/P/sub 0.75/ (0.8% compressively-stressed on InP) film stuck onto a Si host substrate via borophosphorosilicate glass (BPSG). In an attempt to study relaxation mechanisms without any limitation on material viscosity, we also report on how a pseudomorphic In/sub 0.65/Ga/sub 0.35/As layers (0.8% compressively-stressed on InP) elastically relaxes when stuck onto a Si host substrate via a thick Apiezon wax layer. It appears that uniform and flat in-plane elastic relaxation is actually possible only for samples of small areas. For larger samples, there is a competition between undulating and sliding as stress relaxation processes. However, we think that the resulting morphology in terms of undulation periodicity and amplitude is compatible with the use of such layers as seed layers for subsequent epitaxial overgrowths.
An Improved Histogram-Based Features in Low-Frequency DCT Domain for Face Recognition (2015)

Previously, we proposed an efficient algorithm for facial image recognition combined with vector quantization (VQ) histogram and energy histogram in low-frequency DCT domains. The former algorithm is essential for utilizing the phase information of DCT coefficients by applying binary vector quantization (BVQ) on DCT coefficient blocks. The latter algorithm, energy histogram can be considered to add magnitude information of DCT coefficients. These two histograms, which contain both phase and magnitude information of a DCT transformed facial image, are utilized as a very effective personal feature. In this paper, we propose a novel quantization optimization method for energy histogram according to the maximum entropy principle (MEP) as a design criterion. Publicly available AT&T database is used for the evaluation of our proposed algorithm, which is consisted of 40 subjects with 10 images per subject containing variations in lighting, posing, and expressions. It is demonstrated that face recognition using optimized energy histogram by maximization of information-theoretic entropy can achieve much higher recognition rate.
Nonlinear and Nonideal Sampling Revisited (2009)

We revisit the problem of recovering a continuous-time signal lying within a known shift-invariant subspace from nonlinear and nonideal samples. Recently, an iterative algorithm for perfect recovery of such signals was proposed. This method requires operations which are not linear time-invariant (LTI), rendering it impractical due to its polynomial dependency on the data length. We describe an alternative iterative algorithm for recovering the signal, which involves only LTI operations. In the revised method, each iteration is much faster and implementation is simpler. Furthermore, the overall running time of our approach depends linearly on the number of samples.
Assessment of Endogenous and Therapeutic Arteriogenesis by Contrast Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Integrin Expression (2005)

Targeted CEU can be used to assess endogenous and therapeutic arteriogenesis before recovery of tissue perfusion. These results suggest that molecular imaging of integrin expression may be useful for evaluating proangiogenic therapies.