gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wavelength control of nitrided InAs/GaAs quantum dots in fiber-optic communication region (2005)

New atomic-layer nitridation process performed just after growth of InAs quantum dots produces red shift in the photoluminescence (PL) by more than 100 nm. Emission at >1.3 /spl mu/m was achieved at room temperature with no severe efficiency degradation.
Seasonal variation of ocean bottom pressure derived from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE): Local validation and global patterns (2005)

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) processing centers at the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ) and the University of Texas Center for Space Research (UTCSR) provide time series of monthly gravity field solutions covering the period since mission launch in March 2002. Although the achieved accuracy still remains an order of magnitude below the mission's baseline goal, these time series have successfully been used to study terrestrial phenomena such as water storage variations. Over the oceans, the monthly gravity field solutions can be converted into estimates of the fluctuating ocean bottom pressure (OBP), which is the sum of atmospheric and oceanic mass variations. The GRACE products may be validated against in situ OBP observations which are available from a ground truth site in the tropical northwest Atlantic Ocean. Large differences are observed between the in situ and GRACE‐derived OBP which are investigated by comparing the tidal and nontidal ocean models used at GFZ and UTCSR for dealiasing short‐term (&lt;2 months) mass variations from satellite measurements. Results show that the barotropic nontidal and tide models need improvement at periods shorter than 1 day and longer than 2 weeks. On a global scale the monthly OBP fields from GRACE generally overestimate the variability compared to ocean general circulation models, especially in tropical regions. This may be attributed to continuing deficiencies in GRACE data processing. Nevertheless, there is some initial evidence that GRACE possesses the potential to observe large‐scale averages of bottom pressure fluctuations.
Measurement of CP asymmetries and branching fraction ratios of $B^−$ decays to two charm mesons (2023)

The $CP$ asymmetries of seven $B^-$ decays to two charm mesons are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\text{ fb}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment. Decays involving a $D^{*0}$ or $D^{*-}_s$ meson are analysed by reconstructing only the $D^0$ or $D^-_s$ decay products. This paper presents the first measurement of $\mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^- \rightarrow D^{*-}_s D^0)$ and $\mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^- \rightarrow D^{-}_s D^{*0})$, and the most precise measurement of the other five $CP$ asymmetries. There is no evidence of $CP$ violation in any of the analysed decays. Additionally, two ratios between branching fractions of selected decays are measured.
Transient capacitance analysis of III-V semiconductors with organic-on-inorganic semiconductor contact barrier diodes (1985)

We have investigated the suitability of organic-on-inorganic (OI) semiconductor contact barrier diodes for use in deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) of III-V semiconductors. The diodes are formed by vacuum deposition of a thin film of an organic molecular solid onto semiconductor samples as has been previously reported. DLTS measurements performed on n-type GaAs using conventional Au Schottky barriers have been compared with those using OI diodes DLTS measurements have also been made on as-grown p-type GaAs and n-type InP (upon which high quality conventional Schottky barriers cannot readily be fabricated) using OI diodes. OI devices can be made upon many semiconductors for which conventional Schottky barriers cannot be fabricated, require no sample heating, and can be easily removed without detrimental effects to the inorganic semiconductor material.
ChemInform Abstract: Directed Hydrozirconation of Homopropargylic Alcohols. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluation of Self-Calibration Techniques for NR Massive MIMO Systems (2018)

The Massive MIMO principle is becoming a standard component of the next generation wireless communication systems such as 5G. Beamforming and beam-sweeping algorithms have to be inherently supported. In this paper, we give details on a Massive MIMO SDR, which was designed for testing of new radio standards. Furthermore, we highlight a novel self-calibration concept based on Hadamard sequences transmitted over a Wilkinson divider network. The results show that for a fully calibrated system, we can achieve a precision for the phase error of less than 2°, showing that the chosen system can be used for testing of novel NR MIMO algorithms.
Velocity matching of III-V travelling-wave electro-optic modulator structures (1990)

A new travelling-wave III-V electro-optic modulator with low loss and a 5% velocity mismatch to the optical wave is analysed using spectral domain analysis. Modulators having a microwave index nμ of 3.42 have been measured for frequencies up to 26.5 GHz.
Correlative Transmission Electron Microscopy Examination of Nondemineralized and Demineralized Resin-Dentin Interfaces Formed by Two Dentin Adhesive Systems (1996)

The resin-dentin interface formed by two dentin adhesives, Optibond (OPTI, Kerr) and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M), was ultramorphologically examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ultrastructural information from nondemineralized and demineralized sections was correlated. It was hypothesized that the different chemical formulations of the two adhesives would result in a different morphological appearance of the hybrid layer. Ultrastructural TEM examination proved that each of the two dentin adhesive systems was able to establish a micromechanical bond between dentin and resin with the formation of a hybrid layer. However, the interfacial hybridization process that took place to produce this resin-dentin bond appeared to be specifically related to the chemical composition and application modes of both systems. OPTI consistently presented with a hybrid layer with a relatively uniform ultrastructure, electron density, and acid resistance. These three parameters were found to be more variable for the hybrid layer formed by SBMP. Characteristic of SBMP was the identification of an amorphous phase deposited at the outer surface of the hybrid layer. Although both adhesive systems investigated follow a total-etch concept, their specific chemical formulations result in different interfacial ultrastructures that are probably related to different underlying bonding mechanisms. The clinical significance of these morphological findings, however, is still unknown.
Inhibitor Mimetic Mutations in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PqsE Enzyme Reveal a Protein–Protein Interaction with the Quorum-Sensing Receptor RhlR That Is Vital for Virulence Factor Production (2021)

<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes fatal infections. There exists an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents to combat <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. We conducted a screen for molecules that bind the virulence-controlling protein PqsE and characterized hit compounds for inhibition of PqsE enzymatic activity. The binding conformations of two inhibitory molecules, BB391 and BB393, were identified by crystallography, and inhibitor binding was mimicked by the substitution of PqsE residues E182 and S285 with tryptophan. Comparison of the inhibitor-mimetic mutations to the catalytically inactive PqsE D73A protein demonstrated that catalysis is not responsible for the role PqsE plays in driving virulence factor production. Rather, the PqsE E182W protein fails to interact with the quorum-sensing receptor, RhlR, and our results suggest that it is this interaction that is responsible for promoting virulence factor production in <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. These findings provide a new route for drug discovery efforts targeting PqsE.
Decision Feedback Equalizers Using Radial Basis Function Networks (2000)

Decision feedback equalizers (DFE)s are used extensively in practical communication systems. They are more powerful than linear equalizers especially for severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) channels with deep frequency null. In this paper, radial basis function (RBF) network is used to implement DFE. Advantages and problems of this system are discussed and its results are then compared with DFE using multilayer perception net (MLP). Results indicate that the implemented system outperforms both the least-mean square (LMS) algorithm and MLP given the same signal-to-noise ratio.
Abstract 3849: Mast cell inhibition by Btk inhibitor PCI-32765 as a potential cancer therapy (2010)

Abstract An association between inflammation and cancer has long been recognized but the cause and effect relationship linking the two remains unclear. Myc is a pleiotropic transcription factor that is over-expressed in many human cancers and instructs multiple extracellular aspects of the tumor tissue phenotype, including remodeling of tumor stroma and angiogenesis. We have shown in a β cell tumor model that Myc activation in vivo triggers rapid recruitment of mast cells to the tumor site, a recruitment that is absolutely required for macroscopic tumor expansion. Indeed, such tumors did not grow in mast cell deficient mice. Furthermore, treatment of established β cell tumors with cromolyn, a stabilizer that prevents mast cell degranulation, rapidly triggered hypoxia and cell death of tumor and endothelial cells. Inhibitors of mast cell function may therefore prove therapeutically useful in restraining expansion and survival of pancreatic cancer. However, such compounds have not yet been developed for systemic administration and applications in cancer therapy. In fact, there are no clinically effective mast-cell blockers. Therefore, we tested PCI-32765 (Pharmacyclics, Inc.), a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor in clinical trials for B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, for its ability to inhibit mast cell function and tumorigenesis in our mouse model of β cell neoplasia. Here we show that long term treatment with PCI-32765 prevents mast cell degranulation and causes tumor regression and vasculature collapse. Surprisingly, the compound also displays an unexpected anti-proliferative effect on tumor cells - but not surrounding normal tissue - which is still under investigation. Our results once more support the idea that mast cell inhibition could be beneficial in the treatment of insulinomas and possibly other pancreatic cancers and suggests that PCI-32765 could open the way to clinical studies assessing this potential. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3849.
Epilogue (1987)

By the mid-1960s, the record of the Chinese Communist regime was a mixture of triumph and tragedy. Its early years had witnessed a startlingly successful nation-building effort. The authority of the new government had been quickly established, assisted by universal relief at the restoration of peace and unity. The economy was rehabilitated and inflation brought under control. Land reform and a succession of campaigns in the cities exhibited the regime's willingness to use various forms of coercion, including execution, to eliminate opponents and intimidate potential critics. The Party state swiftly came to dominate all sections of society.
Solid-state NMR detection of proton exchange between the bacteriorhodopsin Schiff base and bulk water (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-state NMR detection of proton exchange between the bacteriorhodopsin Schiff base and bulk waterGerard S. Harbison, James E. Roberts, Judith. Herzfeld, and Robert G. GriffinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 21, 7221–7223Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00229a051Request reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (427 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Alternative Luminal Activation Mechanisms for Paneth Cell α-Defensins (2012)

Paneth cell α-defensins mediate host defense and homeostasis at the intestinal mucosal surface. In mice, matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7) converts inactive pro-α-defensins (proCrps) to bactericidal forms by proteolysis at specific proregion cleavage sites. MMP7(-/-) mice lack mature α-defensins in Paneth cells, accumulating unprocessed precursors for secretion. To test for activation of secreted pro-α-defensins by host and microbial proteinases in the absence of MMP7, we characterized colonic luminal α-defensins. Protein extracts of complete (organ plus luminal contents) ileum, cecum, and colon of MMP7-null and wild-type mice were analyzed by sequential gel permeation chromatography/acid-urea polyacrylamide gel analyses. Mature α-defensins were identified by N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry and characterized in bactericidal assays. Abundance of specific bacterial groups was measured by qPCR using group specific 16 S rDNA primers. Intact, native α-defensins, N-terminally truncated α-defensins, and α-defensin variants with novel N termini due to alternative processing were identified in MMP7(-/-) cecum and colon, and proteinases of host and microbial origin catalyzed proCrp4 activation in vitro. Although Paneth cell α-defensin deficiency is associated with ileal microbiota alterations, the cecal and colonic microbiota of MMP7(-/-) and wild-type mice were not significantly different. Thus, despite the absence of MMP7, mature α-defensins are abundant in MMP7(-/-) cecum and colon due to luminal proteolytic activation by alternative host and microbial proteinases. MMP7(-/-) mice only lack processed α-defensins in the small intestine, and the model is not appropriate for studying effects of α-defensin deficiency in cecal or colonic infection or disease.
Reactivities of Mouse Monoclonal Antibody K2.7 to Renal Cancers in Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity and Antibody Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (1995)

Immunohistochemical analysis by indirect immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated that monoclonal antibody (mAb) K2.7, derived from a mouse immunized with a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line OS-RC-2, reacted with 89 of 95 renal cancer tissues (94%). Only 1 gastric and uterine cancer tissue showed positive staining among 87 cancer specimens from 9 different organs. Among normal human tissues, the renal tubule, testis, epithelium of the uterine endometrial gland and Fallopian tube, grey matter of cerebrum and cerebellum, and foreskin showed positive staining. Serological analysis by protein A mixed hemadsorption (PA) assay demonstrated that mAb K2.7 reacted with 25 of 31 RCC cell lines (81%), but with only 2 of 50 other cell lines from different organs. The specific antitumor activities of mAb K2.7 against RCC cell lines were investigated in vitro by complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays. In the CDC assay, all of the 9 RCC cell lines reactive serologically with mAb K2.7 were killed by mAb K2.7 with normal human serum, and the killing activity of mAb K2.7 correlated well with the reactivity of mAb K2.7 in the PA assay. mAb K2.7 showed the same killing activity against each of 3 RCC cell lines with sera from 9 patients with low and high stage renal cancers, as well as with normal human serum. In the ADCC assay, mAb K2.7 with peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from 4 healthy donors showed cytotoxic activity against RCC cell lines. Peripheral blood leukocytes from the same 9 renal cancer patients also showed significant killing activity against the 3 RCC cell lines. These findings suggest the potential utility of mAb K2.7 for specific immunotherapy of renal cancer.
Clinical Studies of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Conjugate Vaccines in Adults and Young Children (2014)

Pediatric immunization has been the most effective measure to prevent and reduce the burden of infectious diseases in children. The recent inclusion of pneumococcal and meningococcal polysaccharide conjugates in infant immunization further reinforces their importance. Currently there is no human vaccine against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infections. This review focuses on the human EHEC vaccine that has been studied clinically, in particular, the polysaccharide conjugate against E. coli O157. The surface polysaccharide antigen, O-specific polysaccharide, was linked to rEPA, recombinant exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In adults and children 2 to 5 years old, O157-rEPA conjugates, shown to be safe, induced high levels of antilipopolysaccharide immunoglobulin G with bactericidal activities against E. coli O157, a functional bioassay that mimics the killing of inoculum in vivo. A similar construct using the B subunit of Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 as the carrier protein elicited both bactericidal and toxin-neutralizing antibodies in mice. So far there is no clinical study of Stx-based human vaccine. Passive immunization of Stx-specific antibodies with humanized, chimeric, or human monoclonal antibodies, produced in transgenic mice, showed promising data in animal models and offered high prospects. Demonstrations of their safety and effectiveness in treating hemolytic-uremic syndrome or patients with EHEC infections are under way, and results are much anticipated. For future development, other virulence factors such as the nontoxic Stx B subunit or intimin should be included, either as carrier protein in conjugates or as independent components. The additional antigens from O157 may provide broader coverage to non-O157 Stx-producing E. coli and facilitate both preventive and therapeutic treatment.
Dual-band ultraviolet-short-wavelength infrared imaging via luminescent downshifting with colloidal quantum dots (2013)

The performance of short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) cameras in the visible and ultraviolet (UV) regions is limited by the absorption of high-energy photons in inactive regions of the imaging array. Dual-band UV-SWIR imaging can be achieved by using PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQD) to downshift incident UV light to the SWIR band. The CQD downshifting layer has minimal impact on the SWIR imaging performance and greatly increases the UV sensitivity of an InGaAs camera. A dual-lens design in which the QDs are incorporated on a removable substrate is demonstrated, which provides UV sensitivity without modification of the InGaAs camera focal plane array. A single-lens design in which the QDs are deposited directly on the focal plane array is demonstrated using both a standard InGaAs focal plane and a substrate-thinned focal plane. Higher UV resolution for the substrate-thinned focal plane is observed.
All-fiber-coupled, master oscillator fiber power amplifier based laser assembly for the LISA gravitational wave detector (2017)

We review possible alternatives for the realization of the LISA laser assembly against the requirements and present a concept for a tailored master oscillator fiber power amplifier solution. An all-solid-state, all- fiber coupled approach with a Nd:YAG NPRO seed appears particularly attractive due to the possibility to combine excellent spectral properties and high output powers with superior environmental robustness.
Evaluation of Microsatellite Typing, ITS Sequencing, AFLP Fingerprinting, MALDI-TOF MS, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Candida auris (2020)

<i>Candida auris</i> is an emerging opportunistic yeast species causing nosocomial outbreaks at a global scale. A few studies have focused on the <i>C. auris</i> genotypic structure. Here, we compared five epidemiological typing tools using a set of 96 <i>C. auris</i> isolates from 14 geographical areas. Isolates were analyzed by microsatellite typing, ITS sequencing, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprint analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. Microsatellite typing grouped the isolates into four main clusters, corresponding to the four known clades in concordance with whole genome sequencing studies. The other investigated typing tools showed poor performance compared with microsatellite typing. A comparison between the five methods showed the highest agreement between microsatellite typing and ITS sequencing with 45% similarity, followed by microsatellite typing and the FTIR method with 33% similarity. The lowest agreement was observed between FTIR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF MS, and ITS sequencing. This study indicates that microsatellite typing is the tool of choice for <i>C. auris</i> outbreak investigations. Additionally, FTIR spectroscopy requires further optimization and evaluation before it can be used as an epidemiological typing method, comparable with microsatellite typing, as a rapid method for tracing nosocomial fungal outbreaks.
MTLDesc: Looking Wider to Describe Better (2022)

Limited by the locality of convolutional neural networks, most existing local features description methods only learn local descriptors with local information and lack awareness of global and surrounding spatial context. In this work, we focus on making local descriptors ``look wider to describe better'' by learning local Descriptors with More Than Local information (MTLDesc). Specifically, we resort to context augmentation and spatial attention mechanism to make the descriptors obtain non-local awareness. First, Adaptive Global Context Augmented Module and Diverse Local Context Augmented Module are proposed to construct robust local descriptors with context information from global to local. Second, we propose the Consistent Attention Weighted Triplet Loss to leverage spatial attention awareness in both optimization and matching of local descriptors. Third, Local Features Detection with Feature Pyramid is proposed to obtain more stable and accurate keypoints localization. With the above innovations, the performance of the proposed MTLDesc significantly surpasses the current state-of-the-art local descriptors on HPatches, Aachen Day-Night localization and InLoc indoor localization benchmarks. Our code is available at https://github.com/vignywang/MTLDesc.