gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large Scale Grid Integration of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Systems Using Triple Port Dual Active Bridge Converter Modules (2018)

Integration of solar energy (PV) using isolated high frequency power electronic converters to the utility grid or microgrid is fast becoming an attractive option due to the improvement in power density and elimination of the bulky low frequency transformer. This paper presents and analyzes the integration of solar energy and battery based energy storage system (ESS) to the grid using a two stage topology which includes triple port dual active bridges (DABs) and a conventional 2-level inverter. This paper considers the triple port DABs as the basic building blocks which can be connected in different configurations to meet the voltage and power requirements. Detailed simulation results are provided, investigating various operating and control modes. Experimental result showing the triple port DC-DC converter waveforms are also included. This paper shows that the triple port DAB modules along with the inverter is a viable option for large scale PV-ESS grid integration.
Reply to Comments: Comparison of Methods Study between a Photonic Crystal Biosensor and Certified ELISA to Measure Biomarkers of Iron Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients (2020)

In this brief note, we respond to the comments made by Dr [...].
Cu(II)–N6-Alkyladenine Complexes: Synthesis, X-ray Characterization and Magnetic Properties (2018)

Three new dinuclear copper(II) complexes [Cu2(μ–HLn)2(μ-Cl)2Cl2]Cl2 (1–3) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, where HLx, (HL1 = N6-propyladeninium, HL2 = N6-butyladeninium and HL3 = N6-isobutyladeninium) are N6-alkyl bidentate NN donor adenine bases. Complexes 1–3 exhibit a coplanar arrangement of both N6-alkyladeninium moieties with UD conformation, with the terms U(up) or D(down) referring to the coordination of each pyrimidinic N3 atoms to the upper or lower metal center. In the three complexes, both copper atoms are five-coordinated (N2Cl3 donor set), resembling a compressed trigonal bipyramid. Each adenine moiety is protonated in N1 and the positive charge balanced by chloride counterions. Magnetic measurements of complexes 1 and 3 in the 2–300 K temperature range indicate antiferromagnetic coupling with J = −156.1(7) and J = −151(2) cm−1, respectively. Density functional theory calculations have also been performed in order to estimate the exchange coupling constants in these complexes. The theoretically calculated J values are in good agreement with the experimental values.
MIRAGE: Mitigating Conflict-Based Cache Attacks with a Practical Fully-Associative Design (2020)

Shared processor caches are vulnerable to conflict-based side-channel attacks, where an attacker can monitor access patterns of a victim by evicting victim cache lines using cache-set conflicts. Recent mitigations propose randomized mapping of addresses to cache lines to obfuscate the locations of set-conflicts. However, these are vulnerable to new attacks that discover conflicting sets of addresses despite such mitigations, because these designs select eviction-candidates from a small set of conflicting lines. This paper presents Mirage, a practical design for a fully associative cache, wherein eviction candidates are selected randomly from all lines resident in the cache, to be immune to set-conflicts. A key challenge for enabling such designs in large shared caches (containing tens of thousands of cache lines) is the complexity of cache-lookup, as a naive design can require searching through all the resident lines. Mirage achieves full-associativity while retaining practical set-associative lookups by decoupling placement and replacement, using pointer-based indirection from tag-store to data-store to allow a newly installed address to globally evict the data of any random resident line. To eliminate set-conflicts, Mirage provisions extra invalid tags in a skewed-associative tag-store design where lines can be installed without set-conflict, along with a load-aware skew-selection policy that guarantees the availability of sets with invalid tags. Our analysis shows Mirage provides the global eviction property of a fully-associative cache throughout system lifetime (violations of full-associativity, i.e. set-conflicts, occur less than once in 10^4 to 10^17 years), thus offering a principled defense against any eviction-set discovery and any potential conflict based attacks. Mirage incurs limited slowdown (2%) and 17-20% extra storage compared to a non-secure cache.
Reaction of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline with trimethylsilyl initiators: an unusual mode of ring opening (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline with trimethylsilyl initiators: an unusual mode of ring openingJeffrey S. Hrkach and Krzysztof MatyjaszewskiCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 8, 2070–2075Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00034a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00034a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views410Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Population‐based Discovery and Ethnically Mixed Mendelian Randomization Validation Identifies Telmisartan as a Candidate Drug for Alzheimer’s Disease in African Americans (2022)

Abstract Background Elevated incidences of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and disease progression may be associated with African American (AA)‐specific disease comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Treatments and management of these comorbidities — such as antihypertensive angiotensin‐II receptor blockers (ARBs) — may reduce risk of AD in AA people, while conferring additional beneficial effects on renal function and diabetes control. Method We conducted a race‐specific pharmacoepidemiologic study to investigate the association between telmisartan (an ARB having PPAR‐gamma (PPARG) agonistic properties and beneficial anti‐diabetic effects) use and AD using Cox analysis, Kaplan‐Meier analysis, and propensity score‐matched log‐rank test. We further conducted ethnically mixed Mendelian randomization analysis to identify likely causal relationships between telmisartan use and AD in AA people. All models were adjusted for age, sex, underlying health, and comorbidities. Result In Cox analyses of ARB users in insurance claim data, telmisartan use was significantly associated with reduced risks of AD in AA people (Hazard ratio [HR] = 0.77, P‐value = 0.002), but was not associated with AD reduction in non‐Hispanic White Americans (HR = 0.97, P‐value = 0.411). Compared to lisinopril (an angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor) use, telmisartan use was associated with stronger reduced risk of AD in AA people (HR = 0.68, P‐value &lt; 0.001). In all sensitivity and secondary analyses, telmisartan use was associated with stronger protective effects (including AD and dementia) in AA people. Using ethnically mixed Mendelian randomization analysis from large genome‐wide association studies (over 2 million individuals) across AD, hypertension, and diabetes, we demonstrated that telmisartan has greater beneficial effect on AD in AA people compared to European populations. Conclusion We identified that telmisartan is a candidate drug for potential prevention and treatment of AD in AA people, but not in non‐Hispanic White Americans. Our findings indicate that early comorbidity management (hypertension, diabetes, and kidney dysfunction) by telmisartan will significantly reduce AD incidence for aged individuals, in particular for aged AA people. The association between telmisartan use and decreased incidence of AD in AAs will require a randomized controlled trial with an ethnically diverse population to establish causality and explore therapeutic outcomes.
Novel 3-O-Glycosyl-3-demethylthiocolchicines as Ligands for Glycine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Receptors (2007)

New 3-O-glycosyl-3-demethylthiocolchicines containing natural and unnatural sugar moieties were prepared and tested on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors present in rat brain and spinal cord. Two different synthetic approaches were used with the readily available 3-O-demethylthiocolchicine (1b) and thiocolchicoside (2a). Glycosyl compounds 2a-g were obtained from 1b and 1-fluorosugars 4. 6'-Heterosubstituted glycosyl compounds 6-12 and the 6'-desoxy derivative 2h were prepared from 2a.
On the optimality of beamformer design for zero-forcing DPC with QR decomposition (2012)

We consider the beamformer design for zero-forcing dirty paper coding (ZF-DPC), a suboptimal transmission technique for MISO broadcast channels (MISO BCs). Beamformers for ZF-DPC are designed to maximize a performance measure, subject to some power constraints and zero-interference constraints. For the sum rate maximization problem under a total power constraint, the existing beamformer designs in the literature are based on the QR decomposition (QRD), which is used to satisfy the ZF constraints. However, the optimality of the QRD-based design is still unknown. First, we prove that the QRD-based design is indeed optimal for ZF-DPC for any performance measure under a sum power constraint. For the per-antenna power constraints, the QRD-based designs become suboptimal, and we propose an optimal design, using a convex optimization framework. Low-complexity suboptimal designs are also presented.
Hexagonal Twist Origami Pattern for Deployable Space Arrays (2022)

Abstract The hexagonal twist origami pattern has characteristics that made it a candidate for next-generation deployable space arrays. It has a deployed area that is up to 3.3 times larger than the stowed area, has a single-degree-of-freedom which simplifies actuation, it is flat-foldable making flat positions possible in both stowed and deployed positions, and its rigid foldability means that its motion is enabled by rotation about distinct axes without deformation of its panels. Although the pattern shows promise for deployable systems, it cannot be directly applied with thick materials because of the self-intersection of nesting panels. This paper presents the kinematics and mechanical advantages of the hexagonal twist pattern, addresses the self-intersection problem by implementing five different thickness accommodation techniques and provides metrics for comparing thickness accommodation techniques to determine which would be best suited for a given application. The concepts are demonstrated through two applications: a deployable reflectarray antenna and a LiDAR telescope.
DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitors as drug candidates for the treatment of cancer. (2003)

Cancer presents a difficult challenge for oncologists, as there are few therapies that specifically target disease cells. Existing treatment strategies rely heavily on physical and chemical agents that nonspecifically affect DNA metabolism. To improve the effectiveness of these treatments, we have identified a new class of protein kinase inhibitor that targets a major DNA repair pathway. A representative of this class, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-ethanone, inhibits the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and differs significantly from previously studied DNA-PK inhibitors both structurally and functionally. DNA-PK participates in the cellular response to and repair of chromosomal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These new selective inhibitors recapitulate the phenotype of DNA-PK defective cell lines including those from SCID mice. These compounds directly inhibit the repair of DNA DSBs and consequently enhance the cytotoxicity of physical and chemical agents that induce DSBs but not other DNA lesions. In contrast to previously studied DNA-PK inhibitors, these compounds appear benign, exhibiting no toxic effects in the absence of DSB-inducing treatments. Most importantly, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-ethanone synergistically enhances radiation-induced tumor control in a mouse-human xenograft assay. These studies validate DNA-PK as a cancer drug target and suggest a new approach for enhancing the effects of existing cancer therapies.
Superconducting delta ADC with on-chip decimation filter (1999)

Last year we presented the first fully operational superconducting Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) with on-chip Digital Signal Processing (DSP). Here we review this device and introduce completed and prospective innovations required to exceed the performance of the best semiconductor counterparts. The ADC chip contains 2 basic parts: a "fundamental" ADC operating at about 20 GHz sampling rate and a digital decimation filter which attenuates high-frequency noise components and reduces the sampling rate to match it with the bandwidth of an input signal. Our short term goal is to achieve 14 bits Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) for 60 MHz signal bandwidth by using the standard 1000 A/cm/sup 2/ Nb-trilayer fabrication technology commercially available at HYPRES, Inc.
Bootstrapping spoken dialogue systems by exploiting reusable libraries (2007)

Abstract Building natural language spoken dialogue systems requires large amounts of human transcribed and labeled speech utterances to reach useful operational service performances. Furthermore, the design of such complex systems consists of several manual steps. The User Experience (UE) expert analyzes and defines by hand the system core functionalities: the system semantic scope (call-types) and the dialogue manager strategy that will drive the human–machine interaction. This approach is extensive and error-prone since it involves several nontrivial design decisions that can be evaluated only after the actual system deployment. Moreover, scalability is compromised by time, costs, and the high level of UE know-how needed to reach a consistent design. We propose a novel approach for bootstrapping spoken dialogue systems based on the reuse of existing transcribed and labeled data, common reusable dialogue templates, generic language and understanding models, and a consistent design process. We demonstrate that our approach reduces design and development time while providing an effective system without any application-specific data.
Simulations of ultrasound propagation in random arrangements of elliptic scatterers: Occurrence of two longitudinal waves (2013)

Ultrasound propagation in clusters of elliptic (two-dimensional) or ellipsoidal (three-dimensional) scatterers randomly distributed in a fluid is investigated numerically. The essential motivation for the present work is to gain a better understanding of ultrasound propagation in trabecular bone. Bone microstructure exhibits structural anisotropy and multiple wave scattering. Some phenomena remain partially unexplained, such as the propagation of two longitudinal waves. The objective of this study was to shed more light on the occurrence of these two waves, using finite-difference simulations on a model medium simpler than bone. Slabs of anisotropic, scattering media were randomly generated. The coherent wave was obtained through spatial and ensemble-averaging of the transmitted wavefields. When varying relevant medium parameters, four of them appeared to play a significant role for the observation of two waves: (i) the solid fraction, (ii) the direction of propagation relatively to the scatterers orientation, (iii) the ability of scatterers to support shear waves, and (iv) a continuity of the solid matrix along the propagation. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that fast waves are guided by the locally plate/bar-like solid matrix. If confirmed, this interpretation could significantly help developing approaches for a better understanding of trabecular bone micro-architecture using ultrasound.
The new frontiers of the targeted interventions in the pulmonary vasculature: precision and safety (2017 Grover Conference Series) (2017)

The pulmonary vasculature plays an important role in many lung pathologies, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, primary graft dysfunction of lung transplant, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Therapy for these diseases is quite limited, largely due to dose-limiting side effects of numerous drugs that have been trialed or approved. High doses of drugs targeting the pulmonary vasculature are needed due to the lack of specific affinity of therapeutic compounds to the vasculature. To overcome this problem, the field of targeted drug delivery aims to target drugs to the pulmonary endothelial cells, especially those in pathological regions. The field uses a variety of drug delivery systems (DDSs), ranging from nano-scale drug carriers, such as liposomes, to methods of conjugating drugs to affinity moieites, such as antibodies. These DDSs can deliver small molecule drugs, protein therapeutics, and imaging agents. Here we review targeted drug delivery to the pulmonary endothelium for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Cautionary notes are made of the risk-benefit ratio and safety-parameters one should keep in mind when developing a translational therapeutic.
Supramolecular catalysis. Part 2: artificial enzyme mimics (2013)

The design of artificial catalysts able to compete with the catalytic proficiency of enzymes is an intense subject of research. Non-covalent interactions are thought to be involved in several properties of enzymatic catalysis, notably (i) the confinement of the substrates and the active site within a catalytic pocket, (ii) the creation of a hydrophobic pocket in water, (iii) self-replication properties and (iv) allosteric properties. The origins of the enhanced rates and high catalytic selectivities associated with these properties are still a matter of debate. Stabilisation of the transition state and favourable conformations of the active site and the product(s) are probably part of the answer. We present here artificial catalysts and biomacromolecule hybrid catalysts which constitute good models towards the development of truly competitive artificial enzymes.
[A case report of esophageal carcinoma developing esophago-brochial fistula successfully treated by esophageal bypass surgery]. (2011)

We have experienced a case of esophageal carcinoma developing esophago-bronchial fistula that was successfully treated by esophageal bypass surgery followed by chemo-radiation. A man aged 64 years old with developed esophago- bronchial fistula after initial chemo-radiation was undergone a gastric bypass surgery to separate esophagus and bronchus. Though closure of fistula was just 4 months after definitive chemo-radiation, an oral feeding was possible until the death of the patient. Stent placement for esophageal carcinoma was less invasive treatment though chemo-radiation after a stent placement was accompanied by high incidence of stent associated morbidity. Since esophageal bypass surgery can definitely separate airway from esophagus, chemo-radiation with oral feeding can be easily carried out. Esophageal bypass surgery was a treatment recommendation for the patient with esophageal carcinoma invading trachea or bronchus.
Helioxanthin suppresses the cross talk of COX-2/PGE2 and EGFR/ERK pathway to inhibit Arecoline-induced Oral Cancer Cell (T28) proliferation and blocks tumor growth in xenografted nude mice (2015)

Helioxanthin, an active compound from Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata, has been shown to have various biological activities. However, their anticancer effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma has not been well established yet. Helioxanthin inhibited the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing G2/M phase arrest. Similarly, helioxanthin inhibited cyclooxygenase-2, (COX-2), phosphorylated EGFR, and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK) protein level and further reduced the nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (pEGFR) and activator protein-1(AP-1) family protein, c-fos. Moreover, helioxanthin at the dose of 20 and 30 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> for 15 days reduced the tumor growth in animal model. This study demonstrated that Helioxanthin exerts its anticancer activity against oral cancer cells by downregulating EGFR/ERK/c-fos signaling pathway to inhibit COX-2 level and by activating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (p27) to further induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. This helioxanthin may serve as a novel candidate for oral cancer prevention. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 2045-2056, 2016.
Impact of coxsackievirus-B4E2 combined with a single low dose of streptozotocin on pancreas of outbred mice: investigation of viral load, pathology and inflammation (2019)

Coxsackieviruses B (CV-B) belong to the EV-B species. CV-B and particularly CV-B4 are thought to be involved in the development of chronic diseases like type 1 diabetes (T1D). The mechanisms of the enteroviral pathogenesis of T1D are not well known, yet. The in vitro studies are rich with information but in vivo infection models are needed to investigate the impact of viruses onto organs. Our objective was to study the impact of CV-B4E2 combined with a single sub-diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (STZ) on the pancreas of mice. The infection with CV-B4E2 of CD1 outbred mice treated with a sub-diabetogenic dose of STZ induced hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. Along with the chemokine IP-10, viral RNA and infectious particles were detected in the pancreas. The pancreas of these animals was also marked with insulitis and other histological alterations. The model combining STZ and CV-B4E2 opens the door to new perspectives to better understand the interactions between virus and host, and the role of environmental factors capable, like STZ, to predispose the host to the diabetogenic effects of enteroviruses.
Modeling Fatigue Damage in Long-Fiber Thermoplastics (2009)

This paper applies a fatigue damage model recently developed for injection-molded long-fiber thermoplastics (LFTs) to predict the modulus reduction and fatigue lifetime of glass/polyamide 6,6 (PA6,6) specimens. The fatigue model uses a multiscale mechanistic approach to describe fatigue damage accumulation in these materials subjected to cyclic loading. Micromechanical modeling using a modified Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach combined with averaging techniques for fiber length and orientation distributions is performed to establish the stiffness reduction relation for the composite as a function of the microcrack volume fraction. Next, continuum damage mechanics and a thermodynamic formulation are used to derive the constitutive relations and the damage evolution law. The fatigue damage model has been implemented in the ABAQUS finite element code and has been applied to analyze fatigue of the studied glass/PA6,6 specimens. The predictions agree well with the experimental results.