gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observation of the Λ b 0 → J/ψ pπ − decay (2014)

The first observation of the Cabibbo-suppressed decay 0 b J/ p -is reported using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb -1 . A prominent signal is observed and the branching fraction relative to the decay mode 0 b J/ pK -is determined to be
Inmunomodulación en hemofiltración: lecciones desde la sepsis (2007)

Medwave es una revista electrónica revisada por pares y de acceso gratuito, que contiene artículos originales de revisión sobre determinantes clínicos, sociales, políticos y económicos en salud, y de investigación en el ámbito clínico y biomédico. Medwave is an online-only, peer-reviewed and open Access biomedical general journal with original review articles con clinical, social, political and economic determinants of health, and research articles on clinical and biomedical aspects.
A novel sub-optimum maximum-likelihood modulation classification algorithm for adaptive OFDM systems (2004)

Adaptive modulation is an effective method to increase the spectral efficiency of OFDM based high-speed wireless data transmission systems in time-dispersive (frequency-selective) channels. Blind modulation classification schemes play an important role in adaptive modulation systems to eliminate the need for transmitting the modulation information, thereby increasing spectral efficiency. In this paper, a maximum-likelihood (ML) modulation classifier which has the optimum performance in the presence of white noise is presented. A sub-optimum classifier, which greatly reduces the complexity, is derived from the optimum ML classifier. The performances of proposed classifiers are tested using Monte-Carlo simulations for ideal and non-ideal cases.
EMC design of a modern fighter aircraft-a case study (1995)

A modern fighter aircraft is highly "electronic-intensive" with large number of equipments and systems. All these systems have to work safely and efficiently in a hostile electromagnetic environment. To achieve this objective it is essential to adopt systematic EMC measures throughout the life cycle of the design and development of a combat aircraft. This paper addresses an integrated approach using a mix of analysis and testing adopted by the EMC design team of Indian Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Programme in order to achieve an operational aircraft with minimal EMI problems.
Single-Exposure Dual-Energy Chest Images with Computed Radiography (1993)

Kido S, Ikezoe J, Naito H, Tamura S, Kozuka T, Ito W, Shimura K, Kato H. Single-exposure dual-energy chest images with computed radiography: evaluation with simulated pulmonary nodules. Invest Radiol 1993;28:482–487. RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. Dual-energy subtraction radiography using computed radiography (CR) can aid in the detection of pulmonary abnormalities such as nodules, but the subtracted image requires higher x-ray exposure than usual to reduce quantum mottle. To reduce quantum mottle without increasing x-ray exposure, a new dual-energy subtraction algorithm was investigated that included an edge-adaptive smoothing process and a subtraction process. The signal-to-noise ratio and the image quality of this new subtracted image was significantly superior to that of conventional subtracted images. METHODS. Observer performance of the subtracted digital radiography in detecting simulated pulmonary nodules was compared with original CR images and conventional subtracted digital radiography of 50 patients. RESULTS. A combination of an original CR image and a new subtracted CR image was significantly superior to a single original CR image or a combination of an original CR image and a conventional subtracted CR image (P < .01). DISCUSSION. The single-exposure dual-energy subtraction method is superior to the conventional subtraction method in the detection of pulmonary nodules.
High-resolution physically-windowed sensors for power electronics applications (2010)

This paper presents a high-resolution, physically-windowed sensor architecture that is well-suited for energy scorekeeping and diagnostic applications. The sensor can track a large-scale main signal while capturing small-scale variations. The prototype system measures a small current signal using a closed-loop Hall sensor, and extends the range by driving a compensation current through an auxiliary winding. The system combines the compensation command and the sampled output of the residual sensor to reconstruct the input signal. Results show that the prototype can measure both dc and ac currents with 10 mA resolution over a 160 A current range.
Perioperative management of the high-risk surgical patient: cardiac surgery (2018)

During the last decade, as a result of continually improving surgical strategy and the technology which supports it (e.g. anaesthesia), cardiac surgery is offered to patients with advanced age and those with increasingly complex co-existing conditions that were previously considered to be contraindications. In addition, an increasing number of patients have previously undergone angioplasty, thereby delaying their initial coronary artery bypass graft surgery to a more advanced age. In general, candidates for cardiac surgery may now be not only older than in the past, but also more likely to have health problems such as hypertension and diabetes. Risk stratification may help to identify ‘the’ high-risk patient: ‘pre-warned is pre-armed’. In high-risk cardiac surgery patients, the surgical treatment options and perioperative care must be tailored to each patient, in order to optimize the benefits and minimize the risk of detrimental effects. The preoperative anticoagulation practice is an important aspect, balancing the risk between ischaemic and bleeding complications. New antiplatelet agents and oral anticoagulants have been recently delivered, and their role in patients scheduled for heart surgery is an additional important issue.
Heterogeneous agents for multi-robot cooperation (1995)

A multi-agent architecture, comprising one reflective agent allocating tasks among a number of behavioural agents, has been shown to demonstrate several advantages. Much of the detailed reasoning involved in achieving a goal undertaken by predictive control agents is not required by our reflective agent owing to the behavioural agents' capabilities. This means the reflective agent only requires an abstract model of the environment, typically containing information only of static features within the environment. Much less work must be done to update the world model. Behaviours have been designed that enable the behavioural agents to cooperate by `non-symbolic' communication. Research is currently focussing upon the design of more cooperating behaviours such as a herding behaviour and a formation behaviour. It is hoped to implement these using nonlinear sensing. The architecture is flexible and allows for behavioural agents of differing capabilities to cooperate within the environment. The use of agent models as the interface to the actual agents allows the reflective agent to communicate with behavioural agents of differing architectures. (7 pages)
Dual-band rat-race balun structure using transmission-lines and lumped component resonators (2010)

This paper presents a new dual-band rat-race balun structure for microwave circuit designs and applications. The proposed design methodology for the dual-band rat-race calls for conventionally designing a balun at the higher frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , by using distributed components. To achieve good performance also at the second lower frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , resonators connected to open-circuited stubs are added to the initial design. This leads to small physical dimensions of the entire circuit, especially if the two frequency bands are far apart, because the main body of the balun is dimensioned for the smaller wavelength. A dual-band rat-race balun has been designed and fabricated at 2.14 and 3.6 GHz. Measurement and 2.5D electromagnetic simulation results are found to be in good agreement.
Performance Analysis of a Network-Based Protocol for Localized IP Mobility Management (2007)

A new protocol for IP mobility management is described, which follows a network-based approach and fulfils the requirements of optimized usage of radio spectrum and minimum involvement of the terminal. The performance of this solution has been analyzed using the OMNeT++ simulator and a comparison with other well known protocols, like mobile IPv6 and hierarchical MIPv6, has been carried out. Finally the results of the simulations are presented and discussed in terms of handoff latency, data transport overhead and signaling volume over the air interface.
Introduction of reactive cysteine residues in the .epsilon. subunit of Escherichia coli F1 ATPase, modification of these sites with (azidotetrafluorophenyl)maleimides, and examination of changes in the binding of the .epsilon. subunit when different nucleotides are in catalytic sites (1992)

Cysteine residues have been exchanged for serine residues at positions 10 and 108 in the epsilon subunit of the Escherichia coli F1 ATPase by site-directed mutagenesis to create two mutants, epsilon-S10C and epsilon-S108C. These two mutants and wild-type enzyme were reacted with [14C]N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) to examine the solvent accessibility of Cys residues and with novel photoactivated cross-linkers, tetrafluorophenyl azide-maleimides (TFPAM's), to examine near-neighbor relationships of subunits. In native wild-type F1 ATPase, NEM reacted with alpha subunits at a maximal level of 1 mol/mol of enzyme (1 mol/3 alpha subunits) and with the delta subunit at 1 mol/mol of enzyme; other subunits were not labeled by the reagent. In the mutants epsilon-S10C and epsilon-S108C, Cys10 and Cys108, respectively, were also labeled by NEM, indicating that these are surface residues. Reaction of wild-type enzyme with TFPAM's gave cross-linking of the delta subunit to both alpha and beta subunits. Reaction of the mutants with TFPAM's also cross-linked delta to alpha and beta and in addition formed covalent links between Cys10 of the epsilon subunit and the gamma subunit and between Cys108 of the epsilon subunit and the alpha subunit. The yield of cross-linking between sites on epsilon and other subunits depended on the nucleotide conditions used; this was not the case for delta-alpha or delta-beta cross-linked products. In the presence of ATP+EDTA the yield of cross-linking between epsilon-Cys10 and gamma was high (close to 50%) while the yield of epsilon-Cys108 and alpha was low (around 10%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An adaptive compressive sensing with side information (2013)

Compressive sensing measurements generally do not provide as much understandable information as traditional compressed domains. On the other hand, with the rise of compressive sensing image sensors, it becomes necessary to define relevant sensing schemes. Applying the same linear projection to reduced signal supports optimizes the reconstruction time and makes the sensing strategy more suitable. It often refers to block-based compressed sensing. This work proposes to add new statistical measurements to efficiently adapt the sensing strategy. Since these new measurements become practical on a real sensor it also improves the use of image compressive sensing by providing some useful features for other applications. In addition, those measurements significantly ameliorate the reconstruction quality.
Triamcinolone‐induced cataract in eyes with diabetic macular oedema: 3‐year prospective data from a randomized clinical trial (2010)

Over half of the eyes receiving IVTA injections for diabetic macular oedema required cataract surgery within 3 years. In eyes with three or more IVTA injections, two-thirds had progression of posterior subcapsular cataract. Visual outcomes after cataract surgery were generally good, although a small proportion of eyes lost greater than 15 letters over the course of the study.
3.2 Tb/s field trial (80/spl times/40 Gb/s) over 3/spl times/82 km SSMF using FEC, Raman and tunable dispersion compensation (2001)

A record aggregate capacity transmission of 3.2 Tb/s (80/spl times/40 Gb/s) audio, video and data traffic in a single fiber over 3 spans of SSMF (standard single mode fiber) was demonstrated in a field trial using forward error correction (FEC), Raman amplification and tunable dispersion compensation (TDC).
Oversampling in the Gabor scheme (1993)

A method for calculating the coefficients of the Gabor expansion in the case of oversampling is presented. The method is based on the concept of frames and utilizes the Zak transform. As such, the Zak transform highlights the meaning and importance of frames in the context of oversampling, and other aspects of signal representation by means of nonorthogonal bases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Machine-Learning-Guided Discovery of Electrochemical Reactions (2022)

The molecular structures synthesizable by organic chemists dictate the molecular functions they can create. The invention and development of chemical reactions are thus critical for chemists to access new and desirable functional molecules in all disciplines of organic chemistry. This work seeks to expedite the exploration of emerging areas of organic chemistry by devising a machine-learning-guided workflow for reaction discovery. Specifically, this study uses machine learning to predict competent electrochemical reactions. To this end, we first develop a molecular representation that enables the production of general models with limited training data. Next, we employ automated experimentation to test a large number of electrochemical reactions. These reactions are categorized as competent or incompetent mixtures, and a classification model was trained to predict reaction competency. This model is used to screen 38,865 potential reactions in silico, and the predictions are used to identify a number of reactions of synthetic or mechanistic interest, 80% of which are found to be competent. Additionally, we provide the predictions for the 38,865-member set in the hope of accelerating the development of this field. We envision that adopting a workflow such as this could enable the rapid development of many fields of chemistry.
Introduction to cells in culture as studied by SEM. (1980)

The use of SEM to study cell surface topography though useful in many instances is a much stronger research resource when correlated with other techniques. This introduction to the symposium on cells in culture as studied by SEM will illustrate various experiments correlating high voltage electron microscopy with SEM and immunofluorescence microscopy with SEM. In addition, experiments will be discussed on the motile behavior and topography of cells on modified substrates, and the morphology of cellular outgrowth from tissue explants.
Detection and target echo enhancement in shallow water using the Decomposition of the Time Reversal Operator (2007)

A rigid 24-element source-receiver array (SRA) in the 10 to 15 kHz frequency band, connected to a programmable electronic system was deployed in the bay of Brest (France) during spring 2005. In this 10 to 18 m deep environment, backscattered data from submerged targets were recorded. Successful detection and focusing experiments in very shallow water using the Decomposition of the Time Reversal Operator (DORT method) are shown. The ability of the DORT method to separate the echo of a target from reverberation is demonstrated. For a target close to the bottom at 350 m range, active focusing using the first invariant of the time reversal operator was achieved, showing a target echo enhancement. Furthermore, the localization of the target in the water column is obtained using RAM [Collins et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89 3 (1991)]. [Work supported by the French DGA/SPN under contract number 02 77 154 00 470 75 53.] a)now affiliated to NATO Undersea Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy
Biochemical characterization of tirabrutinib and other irreversible inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase reveals differences in on - and off - target inhibition (2020)

This is the first study that offers a detailed side-by-side comparison of four clinically-relevant BTK inhibitors with respect to their inactivation of BTK and related kinases.
Intermolecular interactions in substituted phenols. Investigation of model compounds (1995)

Abstract The results of heats of mixing experiments on a series of ortho‐substituted phenols with an amide or an ester are described. Substituents were chosen to span a wide range of electronic and steric character. Enthalpy of mixing results do not correlate solely with the acid strength of the phenol, or with a Hammett linear free‐energy analysis. Rather, interactions are favored by the presence of groups with the ability to weaken the base strength of the proton donor while simultaneously increasing its acid strength. Such groups share a combination of electron‐withdrawing ability and/or steric bulk that causes an effective decrease in the electron density about the phenolic oxygen. Trifluoromethyl and tert ‐butyl, and to a lesser extent halogen and hydroxy substituents ortho to the phenolic OH, give the highest exothermic enthalpies of mixing and are thus the most effective at promoting intermolecular interactions with weak bases such as amides and esters. These results should be useful in designing miscible or compatible polymer blends in which specific interactions such as hydrogen bonding are important. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of Intestinal Permeability and Liver Bacterial Translocation in Two Modern Broilers and Their Jungle Fowl Ancestor (2019)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the of intestinal permeability and liver bacterial translocation (BT) across a modern commercial broiler, a commercial broiler of 1995 genetics, and an unselected Jungle Fowl line. Modern 2015 (MB2015) broiler chicken, random bred line initiated from 1995 (RB1995), and the Giant Jungle fowl (JF). Chickens were randomly allocated to four different dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were (1) a control corn-based diet throughout the trial [corn-corn (C-C)]; (2) an early phase malnutrition diet where chicks received a rye-based diet for 10 days, and then switched to the control diet [rye-corn (R-C)]; (3) a malnutrition rye-diet that was fed throughout the trial [rye-rye (R-R)]; and (4) a late phase malnutrition diet where chicks received the control diet for 10 days, and then switched to the rye diet for the last phase [corn-rye (C-R)]. Paracellular permeability was evaluated using fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-D). Liver BT was also evaluated. MB2015 and RB1995 consuming the rye-based diet showed increase serum levels of FITC-D when compared to the corn-fed chickens (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Overall, MB2015 appeared to have higher enteric permeability than the JF. To our knowledge, this would be the first paper to evaluate the effect of compensatory growth on intestinal permeability and liver BT. Further studies to evaluate microbiome and inflammatory markers in these chicken models are currently being evaluated.
Evaluation of extended reach capability of 40G BiDi VCSEL-based WDM transmission over OM4 multimode fibers (2016)

40G BiDi is a commercial WDM transceiver with duplex LC connectivity for transmissions over multimode fibers. In this paper, we evaluate the transmission performance of 40G BiDi over OM4 fibers. We have carefully selected OM4 fibers with the lowest and highest peak wavelengths around 850 nm to evaluate the reach capability for 40G BiDi transmission. We demonstrated that the OM4 fiber with the lowest peak wavelength can transmit error free over 325 m while the OM4 fiber with the highest peak wavelength can transmit up to 350-390 m. In both cases, the maximum lengths are much longer than 150 m and 200 m specified for OM4 and wideband MMF transmissions, respectively. We also measured the transceiver encircled flux and found that it was tighter than the encircled flux standard, which may be a factor favoring long system reach at 900 nm.
Expression of CYR61, an Angiogenic Immediate Early Gene, in Arteriosclerosis and Its Regulation by Angiotensin II (2002)

CYR61, an angiogenic factor, is induced by Ang II in vascular cells and tissue. The expression of CYR61, colocalized with Ang II and ACE, in small vessels of human arteriosclerotic lesions is consistent with the notion that the activated renin-angiotensin system may contribute to plaque neovascularization by enhancing regulators of microvessel formation and cell proliferation.
Problems, Side Effects, and Disappointments in Clinical Cancer Gene Therapy (2007)

Genetic therapeutic agents have been tested in cancer patients for over 10 yr. Five major approaches have been tested in clinical trials: tumor suppressor gene replacement, prodrug-activating enzyme delivery, oncolytic virotherapy, antisense oligonucleotide delivery, and cytokine immuno-gene therapy. Proof-of-principle demonstrations of transgene expression, as well as certain biological activities, have been shown; serious toxicity has been rare. However, the field faces several challenges, including limited efficacy, side effects, and lack of proper response indicators. Inefficient tumor delivery and/or transfection, and rapid clearance mediated by host immune responses result in inadequate transgene expression and limited efficacy. Major side effects include vector-/transgene-specific toxicities and disease-/host-specific idiosyncrasy. Discrepancies between certain biomarkers and imaging studies also increase the difficulties in interpretation. Future cancer gene therapy agents need to incorporate mechanisms that allow us to further understand the biodistribution, expression, and function of the vector/transgene. Immune responses toward vectors and transgenes should be reduced, whereas antitumoral immune responses should be enhanced. Vectors and transgenes that offer more than one mechanisms-of-action need to be explored and combined. Finally, our understanding of tumor biology, vectorology and immunology needs to be strengthened in order to improve efficacy and minimizing toxicity.
Reheating and Sterilization Technology for Food, Waste and Water: Design and Development Considerations for Package and Enclosure (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Long-duration space missions require high-quality, nutritious foods, which will need reheating to serving temperature, or sterilization on an evolved planetary base. The package is generally considered to pose a disposal problem after use. We are in the process of development of a dual-use package wherein the food may be rapidly reheated &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; using the technology of ohmic heating. We plan to make the container reusable, so that after food consumption, the package is reused to contain and sterilize waste. This approach will reduce Equivalent System Mass (ESM) by using a compact heating technology, and reducing mass requirements for waste storage.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Preliminary tests of the package within a specially-designed ohmic heating enclosure show that ISS menu item could easily be heated using ohmic heating technology. Mathematical models for heat transfer were used to optimize the layout of electrodes to ensure uniform heating of the material within the package. Our next step will involve the development of the reusability feature, and to study the treatment of waste within these containers.&lt;/div&gt;
Targeting a c-MYC G-quadruplex DNA with a fragment library (2013)

We report here on the screening of a fragment library against a G-quadruplex element in the human c-MYC promoter. The ten fragment hits had significant concordance between a biophysical assay, in silico modelling and c-MYC expression inhibition, highlighting the feasibility of applying a fragment-based approach to the targeting of a quadruplex nucleic acid.