gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of combined ultra-wideband systems (2011)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio technology offers a variety of opportunities to fulfill the increasing demands on wireless communication systems. On the one hand, high-speed data transmission can be realized using high data rate (HDR) UWB devices. On the other hand, low-power, low data rate (LDR) devices based on impulse radio can be realized. In this manuscript, the authors present a concept of combining the advantages of both HDR and LDR devices. To reduce the overall power consumption, an HDR can use the LDR physical layer for the transmission of signaling information. Therefore, an adaption layer is proposed which organizes the cooperation between the HDR and the LDR physical layer. The performance of the combined system is discussed as well.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular 2 + 2 Photocycloadditions of 4‐(3′‐Alkenyl)‐ and 4‐(3′‐Pentynyl)‐2,5‐cyclohexadien‐1‐ones. (1988)

Abstract The novel reaction specified in the title converts dienones of type (I) regiospecifically to the predominant tricyclic products (II); use of enantiomerically pure (Ia) shows that racemization does not occur.
Interpretable and Fair Boolean Rule Sets via Column Generation (2021)

This paper considers the learning of Boolean rules in disjunctive normal form (DNF, OR-of-ANDs, equivalent to decision rule sets) as an interpretable model for classification. An integer program is formulated to optimally trade classification accuracy for rule simplicity. We also consider the fairness setting and extend the formulation to include explicit constraints on two different measures of classification parity: equality of opportunity and equalized odds. Column generation (CG) is used to efficiently search over an exponential number of candidate rules without the need for heuristic rule mining. To handle large data sets, we propose an approximate CG algorithm using randomization. Compared to three recently proposed alternatives, the CG algorithm dominates the accuracy-simplicity trade-off in 8 out of 16 data sets. When maximized for accuracy, CG is competitive with rule learners designed for this purpose, sometimes finding significantly simpler solutions that are no less accurate. Compared to other fair and interpretable classifiers, our method is able to find rule sets that meet stricter notions of fairness with a modest trade-off in accuracy.
Data Supplement from High Expression of <i>CAI2</i>, a <i>9p21</i>-Embedded Long Noncoding RNA, Contributes to Advanced-Stage Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplemental Figures S1-S3.&lt;/p&gt;
A single-pixel terahertz camera (2008)

We describe a single-pixel, pulsed terahertz camera which uses random patterns to enable high-speed image acquisition. Our method requires no raster scanning of objects, nor detection using a focal-plane array.
Ondes électromagnétiques de surface : application à la spectroscopie Raman (1980)

We describe the properties of the surface electromagnetic modes which occur in a wave-like manner, along the interface separating two dielectric semi-infinite media. We recall the different methods for using the surface waves as probes of surfaces and interfaces. We show how the surface waves can be used in ultra-thin film Raman spectroscopy.
Synthesis and release of trace elements from hollow and porous hydroxyapatite spheres (2011)

It is known that organic species regulate fabrication of hierarchical biological forms via solution methods. However, in this study, we observed that the presence of inorganic ions plays an important role in the formation and regulation of biological spherical hydroxyapatite formation. We present a mineralization method to prepare ion-doped hydroxyapatite spheres with a hierarchical structure that is free of organic surfactants and biological additives. Porous and hollow strontium-doped hydroxyapatite spheres were synthesized via controlling the concentration of strontium ions in a calcium and phosphate buffer solution. Similarly, fluoride and silicon-doped hydroxyapatite spheres were synthesized. While spherical particle formation was attainable at low and high temperature for Sr-doped hydroxyapatite, it was only possible at high temperature in the F/Si-doped system. The presence of inorganic ions not only plays an important role in the formation and regulation of biological spherical hydroxyapatite, but also could introduce pharmaceutical effects as a result of trace element release. Such ion release results showed a sustained release with pH responsive behavior, and significantly influenced the hydroxyapatite re-precipitation. These ion-doped hydroxyapatite spheres with hollow and porous structure could have promising applications as bone/tooth materials, drug delivery systems, and chromatography supports.
Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells adhere to and inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2018)

We have cultured and phenotyped human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (AT MSCs) and inoculated these cultures with bacteria common to infected skin wounds, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell interactions were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whilst bacterial growth was measured by colony forming unit (c.f.u.) and biofilm assays. AT MSCs appeared to attach to the bacteria and to engulf S. aureus. Significantly fewer bacterial c.f.u. were present in AT MSC : bacterial co-cultures compared with bacteria cultured alone. Antibacterial activity, including an inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, was observed when bacteria were treated with conditioned medium harvested from the AT MSC : bacterial co-cultures, irrespective of the bacterial species to which the AT MSCs had been exposed to previously. Hence, we have demonstrated that AT MSCs inhibit the growth of two common bacterial species. This was associated with bacterial adhesion, potential engulfment or phagocytosis, and the secretion of antibacterial factors.
Critical Needs for Ship Maneuverability: Lessons From the Houston Ship Channel Full-Scale Maneuvering Trials (2005)

"I think the architects and engineers that design ships for the sea, where they spend 99% of their time, forget that at some point they still have to get up the ditches to load or discharge their cargo. Someday when a high-profile accident does occur, ship builders might even be brought into the civil arena and found criminally negligent and liable for building underpowered and poor handling ships."A pilot's view The Standards for Ship Maneuverability approved by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2002 represent a significant step forward in ensuring adequate maneuverability of ships. The Standards provide numerical criteria for assessing the adequacy of maneuverability in deep, unrestricted water at sea speed. Explanatory notes to the Standards provide useful guidelines to the assessment and validation process that help with various issues, such as adjusting full-scale trial results for environmental and loading conditions. Major issues exist, however. In question is the ability of the standards to ensure adequate maneuverability in shallow, restricted, and congested waterways under vessel meeting and passing conditions with the interaction effects, bank suction, and other situations that are encountered in normal port, harbor, and waterway operations. Historically, even in shallow water that is unrestricted, only a couple of ship trials have ever been conducted due to the great cost to prepare for such tests. The lack of accurate full-scale data has seriously limited the accuracy capable of being built into mathematical prediction models. Recently, however, revolutionary positioning technology has enabled collecting highly accurate track and vertical position data on ships operating in shallow and restricted water, with and without interacting ship traffic. Accurate mathematical modeling of ship operations in complex harbors and waterways has become a critical need, and now the possibility of advancing the science finally exists. With accurate full-scale trials data and improved prediction techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics, such ability now seems attainable.
Phase II clinical study of erlotinib for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (2014)

Outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after azanucleoside failure is poor with unmet need for active novel agents. Preclinical data have suggested that erlotinib has in vivo and in vitro off epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-target activity in MDS. We conducted a phase II study with single-agent erlotinib 150 mg/day orally in MDS patients following azanucleoside failure. All intermediate-2 or high-risk MDS patients by International Prognostic Scoring System and only those low/intermediate-1 patients with transfusion-dependent anemia or platelet counts <50 × 10(9) /L or a significant clinical hemorrhage requiring platelet transfusion or ANC <1 × 10(9) /L were eligible, with most of our patients being at high risk. In 35 eligible patients, overall best response was 14% (3 patients having marrow complete response and 2 hematological improvement). Four deaths occurred on study (sepsis, intracranial hemorrhage, sudden death, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML)). The most common observed grade 3/4 toxicities according to CTCAE v3 were diarrhea (17.1%), rash (17.1%), and infection (11.6%), accompanied by fatigue, thrombocytopenia, and anorexia at 5.7% each. Median overall survival was 6.8 months (95% CI 4.9-13.2), and leukemia-free survival was 5 months (95% CI 3.4-7.3). Erlotinib was generally well tolerated, with modest single-agent activity. Given these results and preclinical data suggesting synergistic effect with azanucleosides, the combination should be further explored.
Bessel Beam Based Spectral Domain High Resolution OCT with a 0.6mm Effective Diameter Axicon Providing Extended Focusing Range (2008)

We report on the measured sensitivities of Bessel beam and Gaussian beam based SDOCTs and show invariant SNR and resolution images with a 0.6mm effective diameter axicon across a 4mm depth of focus. Article not available.
A subjective study on QoE of 360 video for VR communication (2017)

Currently, more and more 360-degree videos (or 360 videos for short) are being provided via the Internet. This kind of videos can render a virtual reality (VR) environment via a head-mounted display (HMD). However, understanding the quality of experience (QoE) of 360 videos is a big challenge because user experience in VR is a very complex phenomenon. In this paper, the QoE of 360 videos is considered in terms of four aspects, namely perceptual quality, presence, acceptability, and cybersickness. Subjective tests are designed to investigate the influences of important factors including encoding parameters, content characteristics, and device types on QoE aspects. In addition, a comparison of perceptual quality and acceptability between VR and non-VR rendering modes, which refer to watching 360 videos with and without using an HMD respectively, is also made in this study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that covers these four QoE aspects and a large number of influence factors.
STAT5 is Expressed in CD34+/CD38− Stem Cells and Serves as a Potential Molecular Target in Ph-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (2020)

Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (STAT5) play a key role in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). In most patients, <i>JAK2</i> V617F or <i>CALR</i> mutations are found and lead to activation of various downstream signaling cascades and molecules, including STAT5. We examined the presence and distribution of phosphorylated (p) STAT5 in neoplastic cells in patients with MPN, including polycythemia vera (PV, <i>n</i> = 10), essential thrombocythemia (ET, <i>n</i> = 15) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF, <i>n</i> = 9), and in the <i>JAK2</i> V617F-positive cell lines HEL and SET-2. As assessed by immunohistochemistry, MPN cells displayed pSTAT5 in all patients examined. Phosphorylated STAT5 was also detected in putative CD34<sup>+</sup>/CD38<sup>-</sup> MPN stem cells (MPN-SC) by flow cytometry. Immunostaining experiments and Western blotting demonstrated pSTAT5 expression in both the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartment of MPN cells. Confirming previous studies, we also found that JAK2-targeting drugs counteract the expression of pSTAT5 and growth in HEL and SET-2 cells. Growth-inhibition of MPN cells was also induced by the STAT5-targeting drugs piceatannol, pimozide, AC-3-019 and AC-4-130. Together, we show that CD34<sup>+</sup>/CD38<sup>-</sup> MPN-SC express pSTAT5 and that pSTAT5 is expressed in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartment of MPN cells. Whether direct targeting of pSTAT5 in MPN-SC is efficacious in MPN patients remains unknown.
Management of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: What Has Happened Over the Last Few Years? (2020)

The undesirable burden periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) inflicts on patients and the healthcare system is increasingly acknowledged. The strenuous course of treatment required to manage PJI negatively affects patients' quality of life and results in an increased demand for physical, psychological, and socioeconomic support. With total joint arthroplasty set to become one of the most frequently performed elective surgical procedures in North America, further advancement on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PJI is essential.<sup>1</sup> This chapter presents recent findings from the scientific literature and updated perspectives on the management of PJI.
Efficient 2D SiNx/Air Photonic Crystal Layer on Y2O3:Eu Thin-film Phosphor (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Microbubbles as novel pressure‐sensitive MR contrast agents (1996)

Magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents that are sensitive to pressure would be useful for evaluating cardiovascular function. One such potential contrast agent consists of gas-filled liposome microbubbles. The magnetic susceptibility of the microbubbles locally perturb the static magnetic field, which influences the transverse-relaxation properties of the surrounding medium. Changes in the pressure alter the bubble dimensions, which affects the magnetic field perturbations and, hence, the transverse-relaxation. The effect of these microbubbles on the T2 relaxation times of a water-based medium was measured for liposomes filled with different gases-nitrogen, argon, air, oxygen, xenon, neon, perfluoropentane, perfluorobutane, and sulfur hexafluoride. The air-filled, perfluoropentane-filled and the oxygen-filled liposomes demonstrated the largest effect on transverse-relaxation. The influence of pressure on both gradient-echo and spin-echo signal intensities for air-filled microbubbles was also evaluated. Pressure-induced changes in signal intensity were consistently observed for both the spin-echo and gradient-echo pulses sequences.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Thio‐ and Selenophosphoryl into Phosphoryl Group by Perfluoro cis‐2,3‐Dialkyloxaziridines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adaptive Monitoring and Control Architectures for Power Distribution Grids over Heterogeneous ICT Networks (2015)

River Publishers - In the few years since our launch, River Publishers has managed to establish an excellent reputation amongst academics and professionals world-wide as a provider of high quality Scientific, Technical, Medical content! We are a global publisher of print and electronic products and we welcome all persons with publishing ideas which focus on scientific topics.
Nickel‐Based Oxyphosphide Superconductor with a Layered Crystal Structure, LaNiOP. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Image transmission over flat fading channels using joint source channel coding (2006)

Summary form only given. By using nonlinear dimensional-changing mappings, a robust image transmission system for fading channels has been developed. Using robust mappings and adapting the protection of source samples results in a system that can transmit an image over a flat fading channel with a certain quality regardless of the channel variations
Stable Cu Catalysts Supported by Two‐dimensional SiO2 with Strong Metal–Support Interaction (Adv. Sci. 9/2022) (2022)

Stable Cu Catalysts In article number 2104972, Binhang Yan, Wei Sun, and co‐workers design a stable Cu/2DSiO(2) catalyst with strong metal–support interaction for high‐temperature CO(2) reduction. The “beads‐in‐a‐book” structure is derived through growth of Cu between 2D Si nanosheets. The authors believe that this work could stimulate more interest in constructing stable metal catalysts with 2DSiO(2). [Image: see text]
A smart image sensor with novel implementation of quad-tree scan (2002)

The quad-tree scan is realized by scanning nodes of a two-dimensional tree structure applied to the image. Only activated or effective pixels are scanned with quad-tree scan. We designed the image sensor using 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS 3-metal 2-poly-Si process. A 32/spl times/32 pixel array and a quad-tree scan controller are integrated on a 4.5 mm/spl times/4.5 mm die. Each pixel has an A/D conversion circuit and a motion detection circuit in a 96 /spl mu/m/spl times/96 /spl mu/m area. The quad-tree scan controller works at 10 Mcycles/s with 10 mW power dissipation.
Absorption and disposition of a tripeptoid and a tetrapeptide in the rat (1999)

The present study is concerned with the absorption and disposition of a tripeptoid (N-substituted glycine derivative) and a tetrapeptide in the rat. The two compounds have similar backbone structures but differ with respect to the presence or absence of peptide bond. [3H]tripeptoid and [3H]tetrapeptide were administered orally (30 mg kg−1) and intravenously (i.v.) (30 or 3 mg kg−1) to Sprague Dawley rats. Blood, urine and feces were collected at designated times for radioactivity and parent drug analysis. The intestinal absorptive clearances of the tripeptoid and tetrapeptide were studied using an in situ rat intestinal perfusion model. The octanol/water partition coefficient of these two compounds was also determined. The results showed that the peptoid and peptide have similar absorptive clearance and octanol/water partitioning, but different in vivo absorption and disposition characteristics. The absorptive clearances of the tripeptoid and tetrapeptide were 6.7 and 4.8×10−4 mL min−1 cm−1, respectively, and the corresponding octanol/water partition coefficients were 0.39 and 0.30. The extent of oral absorption of the tripeptoid was only 3–8%, consistent with its low absorptive clearance. In contrast, the apparent absorption of the tetrapeptide was >75% of the radioactive dose. The peptide was completely metabolized within 2 h after an i.v. dose, whereas the peptoid was stable in blood and was primarily eliminated in feces as intact drug. In conclusion, the difference in in vivo absorption and disposition between the peptoid and peptide was apparently due to the presence or absence of a peptide bond. The tetrapeptide was subject to rapid metabolism in the body. Its relatively high absorption appeared to represent the absorption of metabolized radioactive fragments. The peptoid appears to have advantages over the peptide in term of metabolic stability, but its low oral absorption and rapid biliary excretion present additional challenges in the selection of an optimal drug candidate. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Novel Hypothetical Approach to Explain the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Rheumatic Arthritis (2021)

The autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relapsing and chronic inflammatory disease that affects the synovial cells, cartilage, bone, and muscle. It is characterised by the accumulation of huge numbers of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and macrophages in the synovia. Auto-antibodies are deposited in the joint via the activity of highly cationic histones released from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a phenomenon termed NETosis. The cationic histones function as opsonic agents that bind to negatively charged domains in autoantibodies and complement compounds via strong electrostatic forces, facilitating their deposition and endocytosis by synovial cells. However, eventually the main cause of tissue damage is the plethora of toxic pro-inflammatory substances released by activated neutrophils recruited by cytokines. Tissue damage in RA can also be accompanied by infections which, upon bacteriolysis, release cell-wall components that are toxic to tissues. Some amelioration of the damaged cells and tissues in RA may be achieved by the use of highly anionic heparins, which can neutralize cationic histone activity, provided that these polyanions are co-administrated with anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids, colchicine, or methotrexate, low molecular weight antioxidants, proteinase inhibitors, and phospholipase A2 inhibitors.
Statistical shape modeling of the pelvic floor to evaluate women with obstructed defecation symptoms (2020)

Obstructed defecation (OD) is common and may be related to compromised pelvic floor integrity. Magnetic resonance (MR) defecography and statistical shape modeling were used to define pelvic floor shape variations, hypothesizing that State (rest vs peak evacuation) and Group (control vs case) would significantly influence shape. 16 women underwent MR defecography (9 cases vs 7 controls). Midsagittal, 2D pelvic floors were segmented and aligned by corresponding points. Principal component scores were compared using a Two-Way Mixed MANOVA. Three modes described differences between State (p < 0.001) and Group (p = 0.023). The pelvic floor shape differed significantly between women with and without OD and during evacuation.
The molecular basis of genistein-induced mitotic arrest and exit of self-renewal in embryonal carcinoma and primary cancer cell lines (2008)

The results of the present study, together with the results of earlier studies show that genistein targets genes involved in the progression of the M-phase of the cell cycle. In this respect it is of particular interest that this conclusion cannot be drawn from comparison of the individual genes found differentially regulated in the datasets, but by the rather global view of the pathways influenced by genistein treatment.
Development of (Hemoglobin–Albumin)Cluster Type Artificial O2 Carriers (2022)

Modified hemoglobins (Hbs) as a red blood cell (RBC) substitute have a long history and artificial O2 carriers of various kinds have been developed so far. Although this type of preparation is essentially aqueous solution of protein, unlike the dispersion of RBCs, it possesses many attractive features such as easy production method, low cost, and simple composition. In fact, most of the artificial O2 carriers currently under investigation are modified Hb preparations. We synthesized a core–shell structured “(hemoglobin–albumin)cluster” (Hb–HSA3, formulation name : Hemo Act) in which the core Hb is covalently wrapped with three molecules of human serum albumin (HSA). Its structure, characteristics, safety, and efficacy have been clarified in detail. We have also developed entirely synthetic protein clusters using recombinant Hb and recombinant HSA. Replacing the peripheral HSA to recombinant canine serum albumin and recombinant feline serum albumin yielded artificial O2 carriers for dogs and cats.