gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Space nuclear power systems; Proceedings of the 8th Symposium, Albuquerque, NM, Jan. 6-10, 1991. Pts. 1-3 (1991)

The present conference discusses NASA mission planning for space nuclear power, lunar mission design based on nuclear thermal rockets, inertial-electrostatic confinement fusion for space power, nuclear risk analysis of the Ulysses mission, the role of the interface in refractory metal alloy composites, an advanced thermionic reactor systems design code, and space high power nuclear-pumped lasers. Also discussed are exploration mission enhancements with power-beaming, power requirement estimates for a nuclear-powered manned Mars rover, SP-100 reactor design, safety, and testing, materials compatibility issues for fabric composite radiators, application of the enabler to nuclear electric propulsion, orbit-transfer with TOPAZ-type power sources, the thermoelectric properties of alloys, ruthenium silicide as a promising thermoelectric material, and innovative space-saving device for high-temperature piping systems. The second volume of this conference discusses engine concepts for nuclear electric propulsion, nuclear technologies for human exploration of the solar system, dynamic energy conversion, direct nuclear propulsion, thermionic conversion technology, reactor and power system control, thermal management, thermionic research, effects of radiation on electronics, heat-pipe technology, radioisotope power systems, and nuclear fuels for power reactors. The third volume discusses space power electronics, space nuclear fuels for propulsion reactors, power systems concepts, space power electronics systems, the use of artificial intelligence in space, flight qualifications and testing, microgravity two-phase flow, reactor manufacturing and processing, and space and environmental effects.
Der 4G/5G-Polymorphismus des Plasminogen-Aktivator-Inhibitor-1-Gens bei Frühgeborenen mit einem Geburtsgewicht unter 1500 Gramm (2007)

Fragestellung: Der homozygote 4G-Polymorphismus des Plasmiogen-Aktivator-Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)-Gens ist bei Kindern mit Meningokokkensepsis mit einer erhöhten Sterblichkeit assoziiert (Lancet 1999; 354:556–60, Crit Care Med 2003; 31:2788–93). Da Frühgeborene mit einem Geburtsgewicht unter 1500 Gramm häufig an einer Sepsis erkranken, genotypisierten wir eine große Gruppe von VLBW-Frühgeborenen um die Auswirkungen des 4G/5G-Polymorphismus bei Frühgeborenen zu beschreiben. Methodik: Multizentrischen Studie zu den Auswirkungen genetischer Polymorphismen auf den klinischen Verlauf von Frühgeborenen. Der 4G/5G-Polymorphismus des PAI-1-Gens wurde bei 1350 VLBW-Frühgeborenen mittels PCR und Restriktionsenzymverdau bestimmt.
Fault simulation of I/sub DDQ/ tests for bridging faults in sequential circuits (2002)

The notion of indistinguishable pairs is introduced. Two methods to compute such pairs-an explicit scheme and an implicit scheme-are presented. The resulting fault simulation algorithms, list-based scheme and tree-based scheme are compared using a variety of faultlists and test sets. The performance of the tree-based scheme is found to be superior to the list-based scheme. Applications where the list-based scheme perform better are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Generating incremental VLSI compaction spacing constraints (1986)

This paper describes using adjacency lists to incrementally generate design rule spacing constraints. The algorithm generates the smallest complete set of constraints for a design, yielding fast compaction, and is as fast or faster than ordinary constraint generation methods even when the incremental features are not used. The adjacency list data structure allows one to very quickly move, insert or delete objects and generate an updated set of constraints.
Comparison of Metal Oxide-Based Electronic Nose and Mass Spectrometry-Based Electronic Nose for the Prediction of Red Wine Spoilage (2008)

Taints caused by Brettanomyces sp. spoilage are of concern to winemakers and consumers. Typically the taints are described as "barnyard", "sweaty saddle", and "Band-aid" when present in red wine at concentrations of several hundred micrograms per liter or more. The two main components of the taint are 4-ethylphenol (4EP) and 4-ethylguaiacol (4EG), which are metabolites produced by Brettanomyces yeasts. There is a need for a rapid instrumental method to quantify these compounds in wines. In this paper are compared two techniques, the metal oxide sensor-based electronic nose (MOS-Enose) and the mass spectrometry-based electronic nose (MS-Enose). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for quantification and prediction purposes. Following ethanol removal, the limits of detection of a MOS-Enose were determined as 44 microg L(-1) for 4EP and 91 microg L(-1) for 4EG, using the SY/gCT sensor. These values are significantly lower than the reported human sensory thresholds. Partial least-squares (PLS) regression of electronic nose signals against known levels of 4EP and 4EG in 46 Australian red wines showed that the MOS-Enose was unable to identify "brett" spoilage reliably because of the response of the gas sensors to intersample variation in volatile compounds other than ethylphenols. Conversely, the MS-Enose was capable of reliably estimating concentrations of 4EP higher than 20 microg L(-1). Correlations (r2) of 0.97 and 0.98 were obtained between estimates of 4EP and 4EG concentrations with the concentrations determined by conventional GC-MS. It is concluded that, following ethanol removal, existing metal oxide sensors are sufficiently sensitive to detect brett taints in wine but lack the selectivity needed to perform this task when the aroma volatile background varies.
Genetic inactivation of the p66 isoform of ShcA is neuroprotective in a murine model of multiple sclerosis (2012)

Although multiple sclerosis (MS) has traditionally been considered to be an inflammatory disease, recent evidence has brought neurodegeneration into the spotlight, suggesting that accumulated damage and loss of axons is critical to disease progression and the associated irreversible disability. Proposed mechanisms of axonal degeneration in MS posit cytosolic and subsequent mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload, accumulation of pathologic reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to cell death. In this context, the role of the p66 isoform of ShcA protein (p66) may be significant. The ShcA isoform is uniquely targeted to the mitochondrial intermembrane space in response to elevated oxidative stress, and serves as a redox enzyme amplifying ROS generation in a positive feedforward loop that eventually mediates cell death by activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Consequently, we tested the hypothesis that genetic inactivation of p66 would reduce axonal injury in a murine model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). As predicted, the p66-knockout (p66-KO) mice developed typical signs of EAE, but had less severe clinical impairment and paralysis than wild-type (WT) mice. Histologic examination of spinal cords and optic nerves showed significant axonal protection in the p66-KO tissue, despite similar levels of inflammation. Furthermore, cultured p66-KO neurons treated with agents implicated in MS neurodegenerative pathways showed greater viability than WT neurons. These results confirm the critical role of ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in the axonal loss that accompanies EAE, and identify p66 as a new pharmacologic target for MS neuroprotective therapeutics.
Biomimetic synthesis of the bisindole alkaloids villalstonine and alstonisidine (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiomimetic synthesis of the bisindole alkaloids villalstonine and alstonisidineDavid E. Burke, James M. Cook, and P. W. Le QuesneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 2, 546–552Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00783a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views366Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (887 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Dimorphism of Hepatitis B Virus Capsids Is Strongly Influenced by the C-Terminus of the Capsid Protein (1996)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus with an icosahedral capsid. Its homodimeric capsid protein ("core antigen") assembles into particles of two sizes, one with T = 3 icosahedral symmetry (90 dimers) and the other with T = 4 symmetry (120 dimers). We have investigated this assembly process in vitro, using a variety of purified, bacterially expressed, capsid proteins. All of our constructs lacked the predominantly basic C-terminal 34 amino acids of the full-length capsid protein (183 amino acids) and were further truncated to terminate at specific points between residues 138 and 149. While the smallest construct (138 residues) did not assemble into capsids, those terminating at residue 140, and beyond, assembled into mixtures of T = 3 and T = 4 particles. The two kinds of capsids could be separated on sucrose gradients and did not interconvert upon protracted storage. The proportion of T = 3 capsids, assayed by sucrose gradient fractionation, analytical ultracentrifugation, and cryoelectron microscopy, was found to increase systematically with larger deletions from the C-terminus. The variant terminating at residue 149 formed approximately 5% of T = 3 capsids, while the 140-residue protein produced approximately 85% of this isomorph. For the 147-residue capsid protein, the structures of both capsids were determined to 17 A resolution by three-dimensional reconstruction of cryoelectron micrographs. In these density maps, the boundaries of the constituent dimers can be clearly seen and the quaternary structures of the two capsids compared. The arrangement of dimers around their icosahedral five-fold axes is almost identical, whereas the quasi-six-fold arrangements of dimers are distinctly different.
Mechanism for the Universal Pattern of Activity in Developing Neuronal Networks (2010)

Spontaneous episodic activity is a fundamental mode of operation of developing networks. Surprisingly, the duration of an episode of activity correlates with the length of the silent interval that precedes it, but not with the interval that follows. Here we use a modeling approach to explain this characteristic, but thus far unexplained, feature of developing networks. Because the correlation pattern is observed in networks with different structures and components, a satisfactory model needs to generate the right pattern of activity regardless of the details of network architecture or individual cell properties. We thus developed simple models incorporating excitatory coupling between heterogeneous neurons and activity-dependent synaptic depression. These models robustly generated episodic activity with the correct correlation pattern. The correlation pattern resulted from episodes being triggered at random levels of recovery from depression while they terminated around the same level of depression. To explain this fundamental difference between episode onset and termination, we used a mean field model, where only average activity and average level of recovery from synaptic depression are considered. In this model, episode onset is highly sensitive to inputs. Thus noise resulting from random coincidences in the spike times of individual neurons led to the high variability at episode onset and to the observed correlation pattern. This work further shows that networks with widely different architectures, different cell types, and different functions all operate according to the same general mechanism early in their development.
Timing and frequency synchronization in OFDM systems using the cyclic prefix (1995)

Abstract – We present a method for the joint estimation of timing and carrier-frequency offset in Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. We show that it is possible to generate these estimates without the use of pilots, by exploiting the cyclic prefix of OFDM frames. We derive the joint likelihood function of the offsetparameters given the received data. The performance of the resulting method can be improved considerably by averaging several likelihood functions before the peak detection. Simulations show that even without pilots the frequency estimator is capable of operating in a tracking mode and the timing estimation can be used in an acquisition mode. I.
Back To The Source (2017)

Source localization, the act of finding the originator of a disease or rumor in a network, has become an important problem in sociology and epidemiology. The localization is done using the infection state and time of infection of a few designated sensor nodes; however, maintaining sensors can be very costly in practice.
[Heart rate variability--physiology, methods of registration and application in pediatric sleep laboratory]. (2000)

Heart rate variability (HRV) has become the focus of interest of a multitude of investigations being a parameter that can easily be recorded. Accepted clinical indications in adults include evaluation of diabetic neuropathy and prediction of prognosis after myocardial infarction in adults. In children, HRV is regularly being registered in the pediatric sleep laboratory in sleep related breathing disorders, after apparent life threatening events, or in infants with assumed increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome. However, uniform interpretation criteria have not been established in these situations, at least partially due to insufficient understanding of physiology and pathophysiology of HRV in this age group. In this overview, current knowledge on HRV in infants and children is summarized and its clinical relevance discussed. In addition, technical requirements and methods of analysis which have a major impact on calculated parameters are being presented.
Cell mediated inhibition of erythropoiesis and megaloblastic anemia in T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1983)

A patient with T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented with severe megaloblastic anemia with normal serum folic acid and cobalamin concentrations. BFU-E could not be cultured from the patient's peripheral blood unless T-lymphocytes were removed by E-rosette formation. Inhibitory activity by the patient's T-cells was restricted to autologous BFU-E. After cyclic chemotherapy the anemia and megaloblastic changes resolved, peripheral blood BFU-E could be cultured from unfractionated peripheral blood and the T-cell inhibitory activity could no longer be demonstrated. The anemia in this patient is probably due to the neoplastic expansion of a suppressor T-lymphocyte population.
Better leukemia-free and overall survival in AML in first remission following cyclophosphamide in combination with busulfan compared with TBI (2013)

Cyclophosphamide combined with total body irradiation (Cy/TBI) or busulfan (BuCy) are the most widely used myeloablative conditioning regimens for allotransplants. Recent data regarding their comparative effectiveness are lacking. We analyzed data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research for 1230 subjects receiving a first hematopoietic cell transplant from a human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling or from an unrelated donor during the years 2000 to 2006 for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) after conditioning with Cy/TBI or oral or intravenous (IV) BuCy. Multivariate analysis showed significantly less nonrelapse mortality (relative risk [RR] = 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39-0.86; P = .007), and relapse after, but not before, 1 year posttransplant (RR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.08-0.65; P = .006), and better leukemia-free survival (RR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.55-0.88; P = .003) and survival (RR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.52-0.88; P = .003) in persons receiving IV, but not oral, Bu compared with TBI. In combination with Cy, IV Bu is associated with superior outcomes compared with TBI in patients with AML in first CR.
Introduction (2017)

No AccessUnderstanding Polymer ProcessingOct 2017IntroductionTim A. OsswaldTim A. OsswaldSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569906484.001SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2017Pages: 1-28Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-647-7eISBN: 978-1-56990-648-4 Copyright & Permissions© 2017 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Increasing the number of effective registers in a low-power processor using a windowed register file (2003)

Low-power embedded processors utilize compact instruction encodings to achieve small code size. Instruction sizes of 8 to 16 bits are common. Such encodings place tight restrictions on the number of bits available to encode operand specifiers, and thus on the number of architected registers. The central problem with this approach is that performance and power are often sacrificed as the burden of operand supply is shifted from the register file to the memory due to the limited number of registers. In this paper, we investigate the use of a windowed register file to address this problem by providing more registers than allowed in the encoding. The registers are organized as a set of identical register windows where at each point in the execution there is a single active window. Special window management instructions are used to change the active window and to transfer values between windows. The goal of this design is to give the appearance of a large register file without compromising the instruction encoding. To support the windowed register file, we designed and implemented a novel graph partitioning based compiler algorithm that partitions virtual registers within a given procedure across multiple windows. On a 16-bit embedded processor with a parameterized register window, an average of 10% improvement in application performance and 7% reduction in system power was achieved as an eight-register design was scaled from one to four windows.
Formation of High-Quality Ag-Based Ohmic Contact to p-Type GaN for UV LEDs Using a Tin-Zinc Oxide Interlayer (2005)

We report on the formation of high-quality ohmic contacts to p-GaN for UV flip-chip light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using a tin-zinc oxide (TZO) interlayer. It is shown that the TZO contacts produce contact resistivity of and reflectance of 76% at when annealed at . Near-UV LEDs made with the annealed TZO/Ag p-contacts give forward-bias voltage of at , and higher output power than those with single Ag contacts. Based on transmission electron microscopy and electrical results, possible ohmic formation mechanisms are discussed.
A TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF DELAY AT INTERSECTIONS. VOLUME 1. TECHNICAL REPORT (1976)

Findings are presented relating to the design of a simple yet accurate technique for measurement of vehicular delay on the approach to a signalized intersection. Precise definitions were established for four measures of performance; stopped delay, time in queue delay, approach delay, and percent of vehicles stopping. Approach delay was selected as being the most representative of intersection efficiency. Four manual methods were tested in the laboratory using film taken at 10 intersections. The values thus obtained were statistically compared with true values from time-lapse photography. The point sample, stopped delay procedure, and the percent of vehicles stopping method were selected as the most promising methods for practical use and were performed in the field at three sites. A User's Manual for application of these two methods was produced. Interrelationships between the four measures of performance were established such that approach delay could be estimated from a value for stopped delay.
Changes in Myocardial Electrical Impedance in Human Heart Graft Rejection (2008)

Mild degrees of cardiac graft rejection are associated with significant changes in myocardial electrical impedance in transplant patients. Further clinical investigation is warranted to assess the potential of cardiac impedance to detect heart graft rejection.
Comparison of Phase-Coupling Indices for Tremor (2005)

Tremor can be a severely disabling symptom. It occurs in patients with many movement disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Physical tremor can be measured with a variety of instruments including electromyograms (EMG) and accelerometers. Neural tremor can be measured by microelectrodes placed near nerve cells or obtained from brain cells during stereotactic neurosurgery. Recent studies have demonstrated that tremor activity measured from two distinct signals, possibly from different types of sensors, may be uncoupled even when the dominant frequency of the tremor is the same in both signals. The coupling between signals may also change over time. Several measures of phase coupling have been proposed in previous studies. We describe the results of a simulation study to assess the reliability and inverse variability of three popular phase-coupling indices and an index based on the correlation coefficient of the instantaneous frequency (IF) signals. The results of our study demonstrate that the common-mean correlation coefficient of the IF signals is the most accurate measure of phase coupling and has many desirable properties not shared by the other indices
Amphiphilic Compounds Having Pyrazine Nucleus. Formation of Monolayer and Langmuir–Blodgett Film (1989)

Abstract Among the all types of amphiphilic carboxylic acids, having phenylpyrazine as the chromophore and alkyl or alkoxy group as the hydrophobic part, 5-(4′-alkoxyphenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid formed the most stable and closely packed monolayer, which could be easily deposited to form a Y-type Langmuir–Blodgett film.
Preliminary results on identification of an electro-thermal model for low temperature and high power operation of cylindrical double layer ultracapacitors (2014)

The capability of ultracapacitors in delivering high power at low temperature applications such as cold starting is the motivation of this paper. A two state equivalent electric circuit model coupled with a two state thermal model is defined and parameterized to develop a four state control oriented electro-thermal model for cylindrical double layer ultracapacitors. The proposed two state equivalent electric circuit model mimics the terminal voltage dynamics and could be used to evaluate the power capability and efficiency of the cell. The electric model parameters are estimated by pulse-relaxation tests for sub-zero temperatures as low as −40 °C. The two state thermal model provides a tool to estimate the surface and core temperature dynamics. The two models are then coupled through the reversible plus irreversible heat generation and also via temperature dependence of the equivalent circuit model parameters. The modeled terminal voltage and surface temperature dynamics are in good agreement with experimental observations for fixed environmental temperature with forced air cooling.