gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of codried products of microcrystalline cellulose with saccharides and low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (2002)

Codried products of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with saccharides (glucose, mannitol and sorbitol) and low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC) of various grades (LH11, -20, -21, -22 and -31) were prepared. Their characteristics were evaluated and compared with the corresponding physical mixtures (PM) and dried product of MCC slurry (MCC-S). Improvement in flowability and Carr's index was demonstrated for codried products. Tablets prepared from most of the codried products showed a lower yield pressure and a shorter disintegration time, but a lower tensile strength. The E0 value of MCC-S was the highest among all MCC products tested. Further, all codried products demonstrated a lower E0 value than that of the corresponding physical mixtures. The extent of modification on the stiffness of MCC by L-HPC was larger than that by saccharides. Kic0 values for physical mixtures were larger than those of the corresponding codried products and MCC-S. On the other hand, Kic0 values for codried products of MCC with saccharides were in a comparable range of 0.63–1.10 MPa m1/2, whereas that for codried products of MCC with L-HPC increased with increasing particle size (LH11>LH21>LH31). R0 was larger for physical mixtures than for the corresponding codried products. Most physical mixtures had a larger value of R0 than MCC-S except that for PMS, whereas values for most of codried products were smaller than that of MCC-S except for CD11 and CD21. The values of σT0 for the codried products were lower than those for the physical mixtures, and both were lower than that for MCC-S. In terms of physical mixtures, the extent of decrease by mixing MCC with L-HPC was lower than that when mixing MCC with saccharides. However, the extent of decrease by codrying MCC with saccharides was greater than that with L-HPC. In conclusion, rounder, smoother particles with fewer free-moving fibers on the surface are the determining factor influencing the mechanical performance of the resulting codried products.
Polymers with Multiple Ligand Sites for Metal Extractions in Dense-Phase Carbon Dioxide (2001)

We have synthesized a series of CO2-soluble polymeric extractants with multiple ligand sites for CO2-based metal extractions. The CO2-soluble polymers were prepared via free-radical copolymerization of a fluorinated acrylate with a series of acrylate- or styrene-based monomers functionalized with ligand sites or ligand precursors. These polymers have high solubility in CO2; up to 30 wt % of a polymer with 15 mol % of a ligand-based monomer can be solubilized in liquid CO2 at 25 °C at 140 bar. Copper and europium extractions have been performed with β-diketone- and phosphonate-functionalized polymers, respectively. Preliminary extractions with copper nitrate were carried out at ligand-to-metal ratios of 1:1 and 2.7:1, resulting in 25−37% and 59% efficiency, respectively, suggesting a ligand binding stoichiometry of 2 for efficient extraction. Europium luminescence studies demonstrate that europium is bound to the polymer along with four water molecules in the inner coordination sphere.
Synthesis of monoterpenic α-amino ketones (1996)

Terpenic α-amino ketones have been prepared in good yield by treatment of the corresponding α-amino oximes with Ti(III) salts; all other known methods of deoximation give unacceptably low yields.
Single contact optical beam induced currents (SCOBIC)-a new failure analysis technique (2002)

The Single Contact Optical Beam Induced Currents (SCOBIC) is a new failure analysis technique. By connecting the substrate or power pins of an integrated circuit to the current amplifier, many junctions can be imaged. In contrast, in the optical beam induced current (OBIC) technique, only the junction directly connected to the current amplifier is imaged. The implementation of the SCOBIC approach is discussed and experimental results which validates the SCOBIC approach is presented. Application of the SCOBIC technique for CMOS devices is also discussed.
Cyclosporine inhibition of P-glycoprotein in chronic myeloid leukemia blast phase (2002)

Chronic myeloid leukemia blast phase (CML-BP) cells commonly express the multidrug transporter, P-glycoprotein (Pgp). To determine whether Pgp inhibition improves treatment outcome in CML-BP, the Southwest Oncology Group performed a randomized, controlled trial testing the benefit of the Pgp modulator, cyclosporin A (CsA). Seventy-three eligible patients were assigned to treatment with cytarabine and infusional daunorubicin with or without intravenous CsA. Treatment with CsA yielded no improvement in treatment outcome as measured by the frequency of induction resistance (68% vs 53%), rate of complete remission or restored chronic phase (CR/CP, 8% vs 30%), and survival (3 vs 5 months). Blast expression of Pgp (63%) and LRP (71%) was common, whereas only Pgp adversely impacted the rate of CR/CP (P =.025). We conclude that Pgp has prognostic relevance in CML-BP but that the modulation of Pgp function with CsA as applied in this trial is ineffective.
A middleware approach to asynchronous and backward compatible detection and prevention of ARP cache poisoning (2003)

Discusses the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and the problem of ARP cache poisoning. ARP cache poisoning is the malicious act, by a host in a LAN, of introducing a spurious IP address to MAC (Ethernet) address mapping in another host's ARP cache. We discuss design constraints for a solution: the solution needs to be implemented in middleware, without any access or change to any operating system source code, it needs to be backward-compatible with the existing protocol and to be asynchronous. We present our solution and implementation aspects of it in a Streams-based networking subsystem. Our solution comprises two parts: a "bump in the stack" Streams module, and a separate Stream with a driver and user-level application. We also present the algorithm that is executed in the module and application to prevent ARP cache poisoning where possible, and to detect and raise alarms otherwise. We then discuss some limitations with our approach and present some preliminary performance figures for our implementation.
Pharmacological and Genetic Inhibition of Translocator Protein 18 kDa Ameliorated Neuroinflammation in Murine Endotoxemia Model (2020)

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse brain dysfunction associated with sepsis. The development of an effective strategy for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention is essential for the prevention of poor prognosis of SAE. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is a mitochondrial protein implicated in steroidogenesis and inflammatory responses. Despite accumulating evidence that implicates TSPO in the neuroinflammatory response of the central nervous system, the possible role of TSPO in SAE remains unclear. The aim of this study is to address a role of TSPO in neuroinflammation using mice 24 h after systemic injection of LPS, which consistently demonstrated microglial activation and behavioral inhibition. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that hippocampal TSPO expression was induced following the systemic LPS injection, associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Interestingly, pretreatment with the TSPO antagonist, ONO-2952, or germ-line deletion of the TSPO gene exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect with significant suppression of LPS-induced production of those cytokines. These effects demonstrated by the ONO-2952 or TSPO knockout were associated with significant recovery from behavioral inhibition, as shown by improved locomotor activity in the open field analysis. Histological analysis revealed that ONO-2952 pretreatment suppressed the LPS-induced activation of TSPO-expressing microglia in the hippocampus of mice. Collectively, these results suggest that TSPO plays a critical role in the SAE mouse model. Based on this finding, monitoring TSPO activity, as well as the progress of endotoxemia and its sequelae in the animal model, would deepen our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of SAE.
Derivation of Stem Cells from Epiblasts (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Embryonic Stem Cells Features Derivation of hESCs Derivation of Lines from Late-Stage Embryos Derivation of Stem Cell Lines from Epiblast Acknowledgments References
Design Tools for Emerging Technologies (2006)

The rapidly expanding diversity of technology available at the nanoscale is disrupting the existing transistor-centric microelectronics design paradigm, resulting in nearly decade-long delays between prototype demonstration and technology deployment. The key to reducing these innovation-inhibiting delays is to develop algorithmic approaches that can start with first principles based descriptions of novel nanotechnology and rapidly and reliably synthesize manufacturable designs. Design tools are evolving this direction, with new extremely efficient yet customizable physical simulators, automatic parameterized low-order model extraction, and ever improving algorithms for robust optimization-new techniques that generate manufacturable designs by optimizing both system performance and robustness to manufacturing variations. In this paper we give a few examples of the coupling of such approaches, but mostly offer pointers to literature for researchers interested in contributed to this rapidly growing field of coupled simulation and robust optimization
Data-placement procedure for multi-speed digital VCR (1994)

We have studied the ATV-VCR tape format, which realizes the multi-speed mode, based on the 6 mm VCR. A larger data amount are assigned for the slower trick play to realize a high picture quality in accordance with the human visual characteristic. The tape format and data placement require easy tracking and flexibility of various head structures. The tape format is based on 4-track sequence for easy tracking. Each trick play data has its own data recording area.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nonlinear propagation equations in fibers with multiple modes—Transitions between representation bases (2019)

The transverse pattern of the field that propagates in a fiber supporting multiple modes can always be described as a superposition of the patterns of the individual fiber modes. Yet, the use of other bases is often found to be more convenient, with the most famous example being that of linearly polarized modes in weakly guiding fibers. The nonlinear propagation equations contain coefficients that involve overlap integrals between the lateral profiles of multiple propagation modes. A fundamental question that has been raised in this context is whether it is legitimate to compute these coefficients from the overlap integrals between elements of alternative bases for the field representation. In this paper, we show that the answer to this question is positive in the most general sense. This result is significant in the context of space-division multiplexed transmission in multi-mode and multi-core fibers.
Antimicrobial activity of rabbit CAP18-derived peptides (1993)

A cationic antimicrobial protein of 18 kDa (CAP18) was originally isolated from rabbit granulocytes by using as an assay the agglutination of Re-lipopolysaccharide-coated erythrocytes. The C-terminal 37 amino acids of CAP18 (CAP18(106-142)) make up the lipopolysaccharide-binding domain. Synthetic CAP18(106-142) has broad antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive (50% inhibitory concentration, 130 to 200 nM) and gram-negative (50% inhibitory concentration, 20 to 100 nM) bacteria. Susceptible strains include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium. Antimicrobial activity is highly dependent on peptide structure. Although a 32-amino-acid peptide resulting from the truncation of 5 amino acids from the C terminus of CAP18(106-142) is highly active, other fragments of CAP18(106-142), including CAP18(106-142) with a truncated N terminus, do not exhibit antimicrobial activity. Unlike previously characterized antimicrobial peptides derived from granulocyte proteins, CAP18(106-142) is active in serum. CAP18(106-142) or a derivative peptide may have therapeutic potential for bacterial sepsis.
Choosing array processor weights for observing waveguide-invariant intensity striations. (2010)

It is well known that a horizontal line array (HLA) can be used to observe a planewave signal from one source while rejecting noise from other sources. This talk discusses the selection of HLA processor weights when the goal is to observe waveguide invariant striations from one source while rejecting noise from other sources. It is shown that the array weights commonly used for planewave beamforming, such as uniform weights, can have the unintended effect of suppressing some the desired striations. Examples will be given demonstrating this effect. [Work supported by ONR N00014-08-1-0013]
Glass in Architecture (2010)

Flat glass admits natural daylight, provides unique design options, and improves the quality of indoor life. For these reasons as well as the technical advances in its production and large area coating technologies, glass produced by the float process has become a distinct and pervasive building material in modern architecture. Esthetic choices reflect the unique design concept of the architect; on the other hand, the energy performance of the window glass, which is well understood and measurable, allows the builder to identify the optimum product for different regional climates. This article will review the state of art in flat glass and coated glass technology and will discuss the esthetic and optical characteristics of commercial glasses. It will also provide a phenomenological account of heat transfer across glazings. Finally, several recent trends in architectural glass technology will be presented.
A case of head burn scar cancer reconstructed using the released forearm flap. (1995)

We reported a case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in a burn scar on the scalp. The patient, a 45-year old man, had sustained a burn injury two years old. He noticed a tumor on the burn scar one year ago. The tumor had increased in size and reached to 10cm. This lesion widely excised with margin of 2cm and the skin defect was cover with a free radial forearm flap measuring 13×20cm.The postoperative course was unevenful and there has been no sign of recurrence for about a year.
Process Characterization of Bi-layer Silylation Process for 193-nm Lithography. (2000)

We have been evaluating the bi-layer silylation process for 193-nm lithography as one of the top surface imaging (TSI) technologies to improve lithography performance. In this paper, we focus on the effect of process intervals for the bi-layer positive-tone silylation process. We found that the effect of the process interval between the post-exposure bake (PEB) and the silylation treatment was remarkable, but the effects of other process intervals were not serious in our evaluation. The critical dimension (CD) of L/S patterns was enlarged by the process interval after the PEB. However, by the application of a thermal treatment prior to the silylation treatment, we could control the CD fluctuations of the L/S patterns. Moreover, we found that pattern collapses were generated by the effect of corrosion after the dry-development. When we applied an optimized C2F6/O2 plasma treatment as a corrosion prevention treatment, we could obtain fine patterns after the dry-development. We confirmed the high reliability of this bi-layer silylation process for practical applications.
Editorial (2011)

European academic institutions specializing in the education of electric power engineers had experienced over the last number of years some difficulties in maintaining a high quality level of teaching. These difficulties arose from two factors acting in parallel: the first is related to the gradual increase in the economic constrains within the education sector, and the second stems from the negative image of the electric power industry created by the media, which often presented the powerrelated activities as "dirty" and "old-fashioned." Both factors led to a continuous reduction of the number of students interested in electrical power engineering. At the same time, cost reductions in teaching led to reductions in academic and technical staff, resulting in the closing of teaching and research laboratories, with the indication that computer simulations can replace them satisfactorily. This tendency, earlier initiated in the United States, was followed by some European counties.
Therapeutic strategies for endothelial dysfunction (2011)

Beneficial pleiotropic effects of various agents (cardiovascular medicines, antioxidants, nutritional supplements) on vascular endothelial function in humans notwithstanding, a growing body of preclinical data suggests that protein-, cell- and gene-based approaches hold promise for selective therapeutic targeting of the dysfunctional vascular endothelium. Additional efficacy data in appropriate animal models of vascular injury and cardiometabolic disease, further refinement of delivery modalities and continued investigation of the mechanisms underlying endothelial repair and regeneration should help identify the most promising therapeutic approaches for improving endothelial function that merit evaluation in human trials.
Angle Detection Methods for a CMOS Smart Rotary Encoder (2005)

A CMOS smart magnetic rotary encoder is useful for compact equipment such as personal robots. In the proposed encoder, the geometrical angle of a magnet is detected with digital signal processing. The output signal of our proposed system is susceptible to sensor offsets caused by sensors mismatch and misalignment between sensor chip and magnet. The accuracy of angle detection method and the robustness to rotation axis misalignment depend greatly on the angle detection algorithm. This paper presents three types of angle detection and their performance in precision and compares rotation angle misalignment tolerance. Simulation results show that detecting two zero-crossing points in the signal profile, ZC method, is the most adequate for this system.
High-performance energy-efficient memory circuit technologies for sub-45nm technologies (2006)

This tutorial discusses challenges and design solutions for high-performance energy efficient memory/register file circuit design. Technology scaling trends for leakage and process variation for sub-45nm technologies are analyzed, with special emphasis on their impact on wide fan in OR gates found in high performance register file. Novel high-speed and leakage/process tolerant circuits are reviewed. Leakage/process sensors which enable these processes compensating techniques are presented.
signed-ks-test: First release (2015)

Some tweaks to ks.test to obtain sign and force exact p-value.
Negative-Sequence Second-Order Circulating Current Injection for Hybrid MMC Under Over-Modulation Conditions (2019)

Due to the presence of full-bridge submodules (FBSMs), hybrid modular multilevel converters (HMMCs) consisting of FBSMs and half-bridge submodules (HBSMs) can work under the over-modulation conditions, which means that half of the dc voltage is less than the magnitude of the ac voltage. However, because of the different charging and discharging characteristics of FBSMs and HBSMs under over-modulation conditions, capacitor voltages imbalance may occur if the modulation index exceeds a specific limit. To address this issue, this article first investigates the principles of HMMCs and the energy balance mechanism between the two types of submodules. Based on the theoretical analysis, a negative-sequence second-order circulating current injection method is proposed to keep the capacitor voltage balanced under over-modulation conditions. Finally, the proposed method is validated by both simulation and experimental results.
Whiter (or wither) UIMS? (1986)

The subject of User Interface Management Systems (UIMS) has been a topic of research and debate for the last several years. The goal of such systems has been to automate the production of user interface software. The problem of building quality user interfaces within available resources is a very important one as the demand for new interactive programs grows. Prototype UIMSs have been built and some software packages are presently being marketed as such. Many papers have been published on the topic. There still, however, remain a number of unanswered questions. Is a UIMS an effective tool for building high quality user interfaces or is the run-time cost of abstracting out the user interface too high? Why are there not more UIMSs available and why are they not more frequently used? Is simple programmer productivity alone sufficient motivation for learning and adopting yet another programming tool? What is the difference, if any, between a “user interface toolbox”, a windowing system and a UIMS? What are the differences between a UIMS and the screen and editor generators found in fourth generation languages? In fact, exactly what is a UIMS? In order to discuss these questions and to reassess the state of the UIMS art, SIGGRAPH sponsored a workshop on these issues (proceedings will be published in Computer Graphics in 1987). The panelists represent four subgroups who have each addressed these problems from different points of view.
Assessment of Metabolic Phenotypes in Patients with Non-ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2010)

Studies of myocardial metabolism have reported that contractile performance at a given myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) can be lower when the heart is oxidizing fatty acids rather than glucose or lactate. The objective of this study is to assess the prognostic value of myocardial metabolic phenotypes in identifying non-responders among non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Arterial and coronary sinus plasma concentrations of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids (FFA), and 22 amino acids were obtained from 19 male and 2 female patients (mean age 56 ± 16) with NIDCM undergoing CRT. Metabolite fluxes/MVO2 and extraction fractions were calculated. Flux balance analysis (FBA) was performed with MetaFluxNet 1.8 on a metabolic network of the cardiac mitochondria (189 reactions, 230 metabolites) reconstructed from mitochondrial proteomic data (615 proteins) from human heart tissue. Non-responders based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) demonstrated a greater mean FFA extraction fraction (35% ± 17%) than responders [18 ± 10%, p = 0.0098, area under the estimated ROC curve (AUC) was 0.8238, S.E. 0.1115]. Calculated adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/MVO2 using FBA correlated with change in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (rho = 0.63, p = 0.0298; AUC = 0.8381, S.E. 0.1316). Non-responders based on both LVEF and NYHA demonstrated a greater mean FFA uptake/MVO2 (0.115 ± 0.112) than responders (0.034 ± 0.030, p = 0.0171; AUC = 0.8593, S.E. 0.0965). Myocardial FFA flux and calculated maximal ATP synthesis flux using FBA may be helpful as biomarkers in identifying non-responders among NIDCM patients undergoing CRT.