gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silica based ionogels: interface effects with aprotic and protic ionic liquids with lithium (2020)

In the frame of the development of solid ionogel electrolytes with enhanced ion transport properties, this paper investigates ionogel systems constituted by ∼80 wt% of ionic liquids (ILs) confined in meso-/macroporous silica monolith materials. The anion-cation coordination for two closely related ILs, either aprotic (AIL) butylmethylpyrrolidinium or protic (PIL) butylpyrrolidinium, both with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anions, with and without lithium cations, is studied in depth. The ILs are confined within silica with well-defined mesoporosities (8 to 16 nm). The effects of this confinement, onto melting points, onto conductivity followed by impedance spectroscopy, and onto lithium-TFSI coordination followed by Raman spectroscopy, are presented. Opposite effects have been observed on the melting temperature: it increased for the AIL (+2 °C) upon confinement, while it decreased for the PIL (-2 °C). With lithium, the confinement led to an increase of the melting temperature (+1 °C) for the PIL and AIL. Regarding ionic conductivities, a relative maximum was observed at 40 °C for a mesopore diameter of 10 nm for the AIL with 0.5 M lithium, while it was not clearly visible for the PIL. These differences are discussed in view of the charge balance at the interface between silanols and ILs: the presence of a PIL, contrary to an AIL, is expected to modify the acidity of the silica. Raman data showed that the coordination number of lithium by TFSI is reduced upon AIL confinement, although this was not observed for PILs. At last, this work highlights the impact of the acidity of a PIL on the chemistry occurring at the interface of the host network within ionogels.
An integrated design and synthesis system for high performance switched current analogue filters (1995)

This paper presents SCADS, a flexible automated design and synthesis system for Switched-Current (SI) filters integrated in a major VLSI design suite. This allows the non-specialist to produce analogue filters, capable of operating at very high performance levels, embedded in CMOS ICs fabricated using standard digital processes. Examples of complete, automatically generated filters have been fabricated and tested successfully.
Assessment of postprandial glucose metabolism: conventional dual- vs. triple-tracer method (2006)

The dual-tracer method has been used conventionally for assessment of postprandial fluxes, i.e., appearance in plasma of ingested glucose (R(a meal)), endogenous glucose production (EGP), and disposal (R(d)). To quantify the magnitude of errors affecting the calculations and their dependence on model assumptions, this method was assessed and compared with the triple-tracer method, which provides model-independent estimates. For this purpose, the dual-tracer protocol was performed twice in eight normal subjects, with [1-(13)C]glucose to trace ingested glucose and [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose constantly infused. A third tracer, [6-(3)H]glucose, was infused at variable rates to render the calculation of R(a meal) and EGP virtually model independent. The dual-tracer method analyzed with a one-compartment model performed poorly, since R(a meal) peak was significantly lower and delayed compared with triple-tracer reference, resulting in a significantly lower estimation of the amount of absorbed glucose (9,036 +/- 558 vs. 11,316 +/- 823 micromol/kg, P = 0.0117). EGP showed a paradoxical pattern, with an initial overshoot followed by a rapid decay to negative values, resulting in a significant underestimation of EGP suppression (57 +/- 3 vs. 65 +/- 4%, P = 0.0117). A two-compartment model performed better but did not overcome the limitations of the dual-tracer approach, since the amount of absorbed glucose was still significantly underestimated (10,231 +/- 661 vs. 12,169 +/- 838 micromol/kg, P = 0.0117) and EGP still showed a paradoxical behavior. R(d), estimated from R(a meal) and EGP, was significantly underestimated with the dual-tracer method, irrespective of adopted model. We conclude that three suitably infused tracers are required for accurate assessment of postprandial R(a meal), EGP, and R(d).
Optimal Positioning Strategies for Shape Changes in Robot Teams (2006)

In this paper, we consider the task of repositioning a formation of robots to a new shape while minimizing either the maximum distance that any robot travels, or the total distance traveled by the formation. We show that optimal solutions in SE (2) can be achieved for either metric through second-order cone programming (SOCP) techniques. For the case where the orientation of the new formation shape is fixed, we obtain optimal solutions in both R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The latter also allows for complete regulation of the formation size via constraints on the shape scale. We expect that these results will prove useful for extending the mission lives of robot formations and mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs).
Health-related quality of life analysis in stage III melanoma patients treated with adjuvant dendritic cell therapy (2018)

This is the first description of HRQoL in melanoma patients receiving dendritic cell vaccination. We show the expected improvement in global health status after surgical treatment of stage III melanoma. Thus, adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination does not seem to hamper this improvement, as shown in our small explorative study.
High-Level scu-PA Production by Butyrate-Treated Serum-Free Culture of Recombinant CHO Cell Line (2004)

The MGpUK-5 cell line, transformed with a single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) minigene, generated mRNA transcripts and scu-PA titers corresponding to 65% or 86% of the amount generated before serum-free adaptation, despite significant loss of scu-PA gene copies during adaptation to serum-free culture. To further augment scu-PA production, a culture strategy employing sodium butyrate was explored. In 60-mL spinner flask cultures, sodium butyrate in the concentration range 1-10 mM allowed scu-PA production 2- to 3-fold higher than that in the negative control culture. Its productivity-enhancing activity was dependent on cell density in a range of 1-5 x 10(6) cells/mL, generating 72,200 +/- 8,100 IU/mL (480 +/- 50 mg/L) in 60-mL spinner flask cultures. To confirm this result, cells were grown to 4.4 x 10(6) cells/mL and treated with 5 mM sodium butyrate in a 2.5-L perfusion culture. The scu-PA titer increased more than 2-fold, and specific production rate of scu-PA increased 3-fold by this treatment. Overall, this perfusion culture gave rise to 1.7 x 10(8) IU scu-PA (1.1 g), comparable to total scu-PA production in a batch butyrate-treated culture performed at a 25-L bioreactor scale (1.3-3.5 g). Our results suggest that sodium butyrate treatment on high-density culture enables scu-PA production in gram quantities.
Oxidation-reduction catalytic activity of a pentaammineruthenium(III) derivative of sperm whale myoglobin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation-reduction catalytic activity of a pentaammineruthenium(III) derivative of sperm whale myoglobinRuth Margalit, Israel Pecht, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 2, 301–302Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00340a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00340a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of Free-Carrier Lifetimes in GaP by Photoinduced Modulation of Infrared Absorption (1971)

A new technique is presented for measuring the lifetimes of both minority and majority photoexcited free carriers in GaP. The technique is useful for both n- and p- type material in any doping range and involves measurement of the modulation of the free-carrier infrared absorption induced by photoexcited free carriers. In GaP(Zn, O) we find that the minority-carrier (electron) lifetime ranges from 1 to 20 nsec, and the majority-carrier (hole) lifetime ranges from 0.1 to 2 μ sec. A saturation effect is observed which is consistent with the view that the dominant recombination path in GaP(Zn, O) is through a deep acceptor via an Auger mechanism.
Automatic Subsea Deduction Well Testing for Increased Accuracy and Reduced Test Time (2014)

Abstract High quality well tests are important for allocation, updating of reservoir models, daily production planning and optimization. Increased accuracy of well tests can enable production optimization at gas- or water-limited fields. An automatic deduction well testing method developed in collaboration between the asset and Statoil RDI (Research, Development and Innovation) is presented in this paper. Subsea wells without a dedicated test flow line are normally tested by manual deduction well testing; i.e. the test well is choked back, and the resulting change in the common flow line is used to calculate the contribution from the test well. During the test, the flow rate from the other wells on the common flow line should be as constant as possible. As the total flow rate reduces, the back pressure for the other wells on the same flow line is reduced, and, if no other action is taken, the flow rate from the other wells on the test line will increase. The manual procedure to compensate for the pressure change is to adjust the well head chokes so that the well head pressure, and hence the flow from each well, is kept close to their initial values. The manual test method has about 10% deviation in actual flow, is time consuming and demands high attention from operators. This paper describes development and application of an automatic deduction well testing method to improve well testing. The method was implemented and tested with good results at the Midgard and Mikkel subsea fields, tie-ins to the Statoil-operated Åsgard B production facility, in December 2012. In the automatic method, the well head pressure, and hence the flow rate from the other wells on the test line, are kept close to constant. The accuracy was improved to less than 1% deviation in actual flow, the test duration was reduced by 20–30%, and the operator work load was significantly reduced. The automatic deduction well testing method has been successfully repeated at the field every six months since the first test, and is currently being implemented at several other Statoil operated fields.
314 Spring-Damper Model and Articulation Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuator (2010)

Recently, research has focused on pneumatic robot. Here, we present artificial muscle-type pneumatic actuators as the driving source of a robot hand that is both safe and flexible. We develop a five-fingered robot hand with pneumatic actuators of low-pressure and low-volume. To control this hand in high accuracy, we construct the spring-damper model of the pneumatic actuator. We produce a I-link arm. We construct the model of 1-link arm that considers moment of inertia and the viscous friction coefficient. We construct a control system for 1-link arm. In addition, the effectiveness of the constructed model is verified by the experiment.
Protonation of Lipids Impacts the Supramolecular and Biological Properties of Their Self-Assembly (2011)

We assessed in this work how a chemical structure difference could influence a supramolecular organization and then its biological properties. In our case study, we considered two amphiphilic lipidic gene vectors. The chemical difference was situated on their hydrophilic part which was either a pure neutral thiourea head or a mixture of three thiourea function derivatives, thiourea, iminothiol, and charged iminothiol. This small difference was obtained thanks to the last chemical deprotection conditions of the polar head hydroxyl groups. Light, neutron, and X-ray scattering techniques have been used to investigate the spatial structure of the liposomes and lipoplexes formed by the lipids. The chemical structure difference impacts the supramolecular assemblies of the lipids and with DNA as shown by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), X-ray, and neutron scattering. Hence the structures formed were found to be highly different in terms of liposomes to DNA ratio and size and polydispersity of the aggregates. Finally, the transfection and internalization results proved that the differences in the structure of the lipid aggregates fully affect the biological properties of the lipopolythiourea compounds. The lipid containing three functions is a better gene transfection agent than the lipid which only contains one thiourea moiety. As a conclusion, we showed that the conditions of the last chemical step can influence the lipidic supramolecular structure which in turn strongly impacts their biological properties.
Congenital cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension: Another fatal variant of cytochrome‐c oxidase deficiency (2004)

Biventricular hypertrophy was noted at 24 weeks' gestation in a fetus with isolated cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) deficiency. Shock, caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and severe pulmonary hypertension, led to the patient's death on day 6. His phenotype defines a new lethal variant of COX deficiency characterized by prenatal-onset cardiopulmonary pathophysiology.
Anodic Activation of Aluminum by Trace Element Tin (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Field emission properties from flexible field emitters using carbon nanotube film (2014)

Flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters are fabricated using CNT films on polyethylene terephthalate films. The flexible CNT emitters, which are made using double-walled CNTs, show high emission performance and also indicate stable field emission properties under several bending conditions. The flexible CNT emitters have a low turn-on field of about 0.82 V/μm and a high emission current density of about 2.0 mA/cm2 at an electric field of 1.6 V/μm. During stability tests, the flexible CNT emitters initially degrade over the first 4 h but exhibit no further significant degradation over the next 16 h testing while being continually bent. A flexible lamp made using the flexible CNT emitter displays uniform and bright emission patterns in a convex mode.
Efficient optimization of the integrity behavior of analog nonlinear devices using surrogate models (2013)

A novel technique to analyze and optimize the integrity behavior of nonlinear analog devices in the presence of noise is proposed. The technique leverages surrogate models, as such reducing the simulation time, avoiding time-consuming and expensive measurements after tape-out and hiding the original netlist of the circuit, while maintaining high accuracy. Easy integration of the surrogates into a circuit simulator together with pertinent subcircuits representing, e.g., board and package, allows mimicking the integrity behavior of a complete setup while still being in the design phase. In this contribution, the method is applied to a case study, being a voltage regulator designed for automotive applications.
<title>Breakdown damages of photoconductive silicon at high fields</title> (1995)

Different types of damages induced in photoconductive silicon at high fields are discussed on the basis of the corresponding physical processes developed in the semiconductor - ambient dielectric system. Catastrophic damages produced at high fields by surface flashover or total bulk breakdown are compared with surface filaments developed in certain conditions in the prebreakdown stage. A physical mechanism of nonohmic conduction inducing surface filaments is proposed. A new high field limitation, well before total breakdown, is defined in the dark condition by the onset field of the nonohmic regime. Below this field the device operation is safe and stable, while beyond this limit, a surface filament, distinctly different from the surface flashover tracks, may appear on the surface of the device, permanently degrading the device quality. Along with the surface filaments, contact damages may also appear in the device in this nonohmic regime. The semiconductor damages are observed using SEM and optical micrographs. The mechanisms leading to these damages are discussed using electrical and optical characteristics at high fields, as well as the localization of light emissions. The practical importance of the new nondamaging high field limitation is discussed.
Comparison of computational algorithms for the classification of liver cancer using SELDI mass spectrometry: a case study. (2007)

Our finding is similar to a previous study, where classification methods based on the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry are compared for the prediction accuracy of ovarian cancer. The support vector machine, random forest and prediction analysis of microarrays provide better prediction accuracy for hepatocellular carcinoma using SELDI proteomic data than six other approaches.
Growth Dynamics for DNA-Guided Nanoparticle Crystallization* (2020)

Crystallities of Spherical nucleic acid (SNA) with various shapes emerge during the assembly process, which coalesce during coarsening, leading topolycrystalline materials. This chapter investigates the growth dynamics of SNAs into body-centered cubic superlattices and the coalescence of SNA aggregates using a colloidal model formulated from the competition of electrostatic core repulsions and localized DNA hybridization attractions. It finds faster coalescence dynamics for larger SNAs compared to smaller SNAs due to their enhanced surface diffusion, which more effectively reduces curvature at the boundary of two superlattices. These findings provide fundamental insight into the relationship between nanoparticle surface chemistry and its crystallite growth and coalescence. The chapter provides important details regarding the relationship between the orientation of the crystallites and the mechanism for crystal growth. It evaluates the neck radius during crystallite coalescence by dividing the space between the centers of crystallites into concentric cylinders of finite width along an axis parallel to the line joining the centers.
Involvement of p53 and p21 in Cellular Defects and Tumorigenesis in Atm−/− Mice (1998)

Disruption of the mouse Atm gene, whose human counterpart is consistently mutated in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) patients, creates an A-T mouse model exhibiting most of the A-T-related systematic and cellular defects. While ATM plays a major role in signaling the p53 response to DNA strand break damage, Atm-/- p53(-/-) mice develop lymphomas earlier than Atm-/- or p53(-/-) mice, indicating that mutations in these two genes lead to synergy in tumorigenesis. The cell cycle G1/S checkpoint is abolished in Atm-/- p53(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following gamma-irradiation, suggesting that the partial G1 cell cycle arrest in Atm-/- cells following gamma-irradiation is due to the residual p53 response in these cells. In addition, the Atm-/- p21(-/-) MEFs are more severely defective in their cell cycle G1 arrest following gamma-irradiation than Atm-/- and p21(-/-) MEFs. The Atm-/- MEFs exhibit multiple cellular proliferative defects in culture, and an increased constitutive level of p21 in these cells might account for these cellular proliferation defects. Consistent with this notion, Atm-/- p21(-/-) MEFs proliferate similarly to wild-type MEFs and exhibit no premature senescence. These cellular proliferative defects are also rescued in Atm-/- p53(-/-) MEFs and little p21 can be detected in these cells, indicating that the abnormal p21 protein level in Atm-/- cells is also p53 dependent and leads to the cellular proliferative defects in these cells. However, the p21 mRNA level in Atm-/- MEFs is lower than that in Atm+/+ MEFs, suggesting that the higher level of constitutive p21 protein in Atm-/- MEFs is likely due to increased stability of the p21 protein.
Accuracy Improvement of Characteristic Basis Function Method by Using Multilevel Approach (2018)

A method is proposed for improving the accuracy of the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) using the multilevel approach. With this technique, CBFs taking into account multiple scattering calculated for each block (IP-CBFs; improved primary CBFs) are applied to CBFM using a multilevel approach. By using IP-CBFs, the interaction between blocks is taken into account, and thus it is possible to reduce the number of CBFs while maintaining accuracy, even if the multilevel approach is used. The radar cross section (RCS) of a cube, a cavity, and a dielectric sphere were analyzed using the proposed CBFs, and as a result it was found that accuracy is improved over the conventional method, despite no major change in the number of CBFs.
Elastomeric high‐mineral content hydrogel‐hydroxyapatite composites for orthopedic applications (2008)

The design of synthetic bone grafts that mimic the structure and composition of bone and possess good surgical handling characteristics remains a major challenge. We report the development of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)-hydroxyapatite (HA) composites termed "FlexBone" that possess osteoconductive mineral content approximating that of human bone yet exhibit elastomeric properties enabling the press-fitting into a defect site. The approach involves crosslinking pHEMA hydrogel in the presence of HA using viscous ethylene glycol as a solvent. The composites exhibit excellent structural integration between the apatite mineral component and the hydroxylated hydrogel matrix. The stiffness of the composite and the ability to withstand compressive stress correlate with the microstructure and content of the mineral component. The incorporation of porous aggregates of HA nanocrystals rather than compact micrometer-sized calcined HA effectively improved the resistance of the composite to crack propagation under compression. Freeze-dried FlexBone containing 50 wt % porous HA nanocrystals could withstand hundreds-of-megapascals compressive stress and >80% compressive strain without exhibiting brittle fractures. Upon equilibration with water, FlexBone retained good structural integration and withstood repetitive moderate (megapascals) compressive stress at body temperature. When subcutaneously implanted in rats, FlexBone supported osteoblastic differentiation of the bone marrow stromal cells pre-seeded on FlexBone. Taken together, the combination of high osteoconductive mineral content, excellent organic-inorganic structural integration, elasticity, and the ability to support osteoblastic differentiation in vivo makes FlexBone a promising candidate for orthopedic applications.