gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discrete Modeling of Passive Rectifiers in LCL Tuned Inductive Power Transfer Receivers (2023)

This article presents a new method of analyzing the performance of the secondary side of an <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> -tuned secondary in an inductive power transfer (IPT) system using a passive rectifier. Traditional methods of analyzing such systems simplify the dc load into an equivalent ac load. This approximation skews the phase shifts between the primary and secondary currents and introduces errors in the design stage of the system. The proposed method uses a lookup table (LUT) to characterize the performance of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> -tuned secondary network. The results are presented and validated at three different power levels (48, 9, and 4 kW). The LUT closely agrees with the measured output powers, phase angles, and coil currents. A sensitivity analysis also shows that it can reduce errors in the simulation by taking practical component variations into account. As such, the proposed LUT characterization method is a valuable tool to quickly determine how an IPT system's design impacts the secondary side's performance in an <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> -tuned network with a passive rectifier for IPT systems.
Effects of Age and Dietary β-Carotene on Immunological Variables in Dogs (2003)

␤-Carotene is a naturally occurring carotenoid reported to have health-promoting effects in several species.Advancing age is known to have a negative impact on various immune variables in several species.This study was conducted in order to assess the effect of age on immune response in dogs and to determine whether ␤-carotene is able to reverse this age-associated decline.To test this hypothesis, young and old dogs (n ϭ 36) were fed either a control diet or experimental diets containing supplemental ␤carotene for 2-month periods.Age significantly (P Ͻ .05) lowered CD4ϩ T cell populations (47.2% versus 33.7%; young-control versus old-control, respectively) and ␤-carotene restored percent distributions in old dogs to nonsignificance versus younger controls (41.0%).T cell proliferation was lower in old dogs (30,254 Ϯ 2,248 versus 14,811 Ϯ 2,497 cCPM; young-control versus oldcontrol, respectively; P Ͻ .05),and ␤-carotene supplementation significantly improved responses in this age group (21,329 Ϯ 2,275 cCPM).Although B cell proliferation was depressed with age (17,967 Ϯ 1,384 versus 7,535 Ϯ 1,469 cCPM; young-control versus old-control, respectively; P Ͻ .05),␤-carotene supplementation improved B cell proliferation in young dogs (23,500 Ϯ 1,339 cCPM).Old dogs displayed lower delayed-type hypersensitivity test (DTH) responses versus younger controls to both phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA; 11.1 Ϯ 0.95 versus 7.57 Ϯ 1.15 mm; young-control versus old-control, respectively; P Ͻ .05) and sheep red blood cell (RBC; 9.12 Ϯ 0.62 versus 8.08 Ϯ 0.75 mm; young-control versus old-control, respectively; P Ͻ .10).␤-Carotene improved these responses, mostly within the first 24-48 hours after injection.In summary, older dogs have lower immunological responses compared with younger controls.␤-Carotene supplementation significantly restored immune responses in older dogs when compared with their age-matched controls and younger counterparts.
Targeted Teacher Education to Improve Primary Preservice Teachers’ Knowledge and Understanding of UV and Effective Sun Teachers’ Knowledge and Understanding of UV and Effective Sun Protection Measures for Children Protection Measures for Children (2021)

Teachers are responsible for children at school during peak ultraviolet (UV)times of the day. It is paramount that teachers have knowledge and understanding of UV to effectively protect themselves and their students.The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of a short intervention on preservice teachers’ sun protective behaviours,knowledge and perceived skill to teach sun safety.Participants (n =161; median age=20 years) attended a45-minute preservice teacher sun safety intervention and completed pre-and post-test surveys.Post-intervention, most participants indicated they felt: i) more informed about the dangers of UV and risks of developing skin cancer (93.3%); ii) more knowledgeable about the importance of sun protection (92%); and iii) more skilled to teach sun safety (87.4%). Our findings indicate that the targeted preservice teacher sun safety education intervention improved understandings of UV,effective sun-protective practices,and their perceived skills to teach sun safety.
Modeling nonlinear heat exchanger dynamics with convolutional recurrent networks (2022)

Deep learning for system identification has enabled fast and accurate predictions in applications where physics-informed models are either absent or are too complex to be used efficiently for analysis and control. In this paper, we propose a deep state-space modeling framework that combines the feature extraction capabilities of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the efficient sequence prediction properties of gated recurrent units (GRUs); we refer to the neural state-space model as CNN-GRU SSM. We compare this model to other state-of-the-art deep state-space modeling tools and demonstrate that our proposed method often outperforms contemporary algorithms on benchmark dynamical system data. We validate the CNN-GRU SSM on a real-world application of predicting multi-input, multi-output, coupled, and nonlinear heat-exchanger dynamics observed in vapor compression cycles.
Anisotropic mechanical behaviour of calendered nonwoven fabrics: Strain-rate dependency (2020)

Calendered nonwovens, formed by polymeric fibres, are three-phase heterogeneous materials, comprising a fibrous matrix, bond-areas and interface regions. As a result, two main factors of anisotropy can be identified. The first one is ascribable to a random fibrous microstructure, with the second one related to orientation of a bond pattern. This paper focuses on the first type of anisotropy in thin and thick nonwovens under uniaxial tensile loading. Individual and combined effects of anisotropy and strain rate were studied by conducting uniaxial tensile tests in various loading directions (0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° with regard to the main fabric’s direction) and strain rate (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 s −1 ). Fabrics exhibited an initial linear elastic response, followed by nonlinear strain hardening up to necking and final softening. The studied allowed assessment of the extent the effects of loading direction (anisotropy), planar density and strain rate on the mechanical response of the calendered fabrics. The evidence supported the conclusion that anisotropy is the most crucial factor, also delineating the balance between the fabric’s load-bearing capacity and extension level along various directions. The strain rate produced a marked effect on the fibre’s response, with increased stress at higher strain rate while this effect in the fabric was small. The results demonstrated the differences of the mechanical behaviour of fabrics from that of their constituent fibres.
Advanced High Temperature Semi Transparent Solar Absorbers (1984)

Theoretical analysis of the interaction between concentrated solar radiation and an honey-comb matrix or a bed of particles cooled by a gas is proposed. The computation and the ex-perimental results show evidence of an overheating of the solid near the irradiated surface. To prevent the upper surface from this phenomenon and to reduce the radiative heat losses, we propose to use selective semi transparent porous absorbers. First results about coatings on silica are presented.
Harmonia: A Flexible Framework for Constructing Interactive (2001)

Despite many attempts in both research and industry to develop successful language-based software engineering tools, the resulting systems consistently fail to become adopted by working programmers. One of the main reasons for this failure is the closed-world view adopted by these systems: it is virtually impossible to integrate them with any outside technology. To address this problem, and to create a flexible research infrastructure, we created Harmonia, an open framework for constructing interactive language-based programming tools. This report presents the architecture of the Harmonia framework. We briefly review the design of the two earlier Berkeley projects, the Pan and Ensemble systems, discuss their influences on the design of Harmonia, and present the organization and interactions of the major components in the Harmonia framework.
GaN-Based Wide-Bandgap Power Switching Devices: From Atoms to the Grid (2013)

Emerging semiconductor switches based on the wide-bandgap semiconductor GaN have the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of portable power applications such as transportable energy storage. Such applications are likely to become more widespread as renewables such as wind and solar continue to come on-line. However, the long-term reliability of GaN-based power devices is relatively unexplored. In this paper, we describe joint work between Sandia National Laboratories and MIT on high-voltage AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. It is observed that the nature of current collapse is a strong function of bias conditions as well as device design, where factors such as Al composition in the barrier layer and surface passivation play a large role. Thermal and optical recovery experiments are performed to ascertain the nature of charge trapping in the device. Additionally, Kelvin-force microscopy measurements are used to evaluate the surface potential within the device.
Zernike x-ray ptychography (2016)

We present an imaging technique combining Zernike phase-contrast imaging and ptychography. The contrast formation is explained by following the theory of Zernike phase-contrast imaging. The method is demonstrated with x-rays at a photon energy of 6.2 keV, showing how ptychographic reconstruction of a phase sample leads to a Zernike phase-contrast image appearing in the amplitude reconstruction. In addition, the results presented in this Letter indicate an improvement of the resolution of the reconstructed object in the case of Zernike ptychography compared with the conventional one.
Approaching a closer surrogate for the biologically effective dose with subcellular partitioning-based toxicokinetic models (2022)

A general concept in risk assessment is that a threshold of exposure exists above which adverse effects are initiated. Toxicity is related to the target-site concentration or the biologically active dose. Although it is often a huge challenge to measure the specific dose metric of metal toxicity, significant progress has been obtained to approach closer to the target-site concentration. Such developments are reviewed in the present study. In addition, a general framework to simulate the subcellular metal partitioning, which is supposed to account for the internal metal sequestration, is developed and applied to various metals. The framework allows for delineating mechanisms of internal metal sequestration. Moreover, the specificity in these mechanisms, which varies among metals, species, and exposure conditions, might explain the complicated relationship between the internal concentration and metal toxicity. Attention should be paid to the data requirements as the high number of unknown parameters might be accompanied by potential uncertainties. In addition, future efforts should focus on linking the concentration of metals in sensitive fractions and toxicological effects.
A fully integrated SoC for 802.11b in 0.18μm CMOS (2005)

A 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS IEEE 802.11b SoC integrated all the radio building blocks including the PA, the PLL loop filter, and the antenna switch, as well as the complete physical layer and the MAC sections. At 2.4 GHz, it dissipates 165 mW in the receive-mode and 360 mW in the transmit-mode from a 1.8 V supply. The receiver achieves a typical NF of 6 dB, and -88 dBm sensitivity at 11 Mbit/s rate. The transmitter delivers a nominal output power of 13 dBm.
Photoluminescence in Si1−x−yGexCy alloys (1997)

We report photoluminescence from Si1−x−yGexCy films grown epitaxially on Si (100) by chemical vapor deposition. We observe significant energy shifts but no dramatic changes in the photoluminescence line shape caused by the presence of carbon. Using standard deformation potential theory to correct the epitaxial strain shifts, we conclude that the band gap of relaxed Si1−x−yGexCy alloys has a lower energy than the band gap of relaxed Si1−xGex with the same Si/Ge ratio. We propose an explanation of these results based on the assumption that carbon forms a resonant level within the conduction band of Si1−xGex.
Dynamic selection of tile sizes (2011)

Tiling is a key program transformation to achieve effective data reuse. But the performance of tiled programs can vary considerably with different tile sizes. Hence the selection of good tile sizes is crucial. Although there has been considerable research on analytical models for selecting tile sizes, they have not been shown to be effective in finding optimal tile sizes across a range of programs and target architectures. Auto-tuning is a viable alternative that is often used in practice, and involves the execution of different combinations of tile sizes in a systematic fashion to find the best ones. But this is sometimes infeasible - for instance when the program is to be run on unknown platforms (e.g., cloud environments). We propose a novel approach for generating code to enable dynamic tile size selection, based on monitoring the performance of a few loop iterations. The selection operates at run time on the “production” run, without any a priori knowledge of the execution environment. We discuss the theory and implementation of a parametric tiled code generator that enables run-time tile size tuning and describe a search strategy to determine effective tile sizes. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Stereo Haptics (2016)

Our hands-on studio will explore how to create meaningful haptic interactions that engage different areas of the body. Participants will gain an understanding of apparent tactile illusions, a perception of illusory motion between two areas on the body, and apply this knowledge towards generating their own haptic experiences. We will introduce participants to Stereo Haptics, a toolkit used to quickly generate haptic sensations through audio platforms with off the shelf hardware and open source software. The studio begins with an introduction to haptics, haptic technology and the illusions it can help create. Next, participants will begin experimenting with Stereo Haptics and using the toolkit to create dynamic haptic interactions. In the final section, participants will work in groups to design haptic solutions for real-life scenarios. By the end of the studio, participants will have a good understanding of tactile illusions, how to create them, and how they can be applied to enrich tangible and embodied interaction using simple stereo-sound technologies.
Sulfatide from the Pig Jejunum Brush Border Epithelial Cell Surface Is Involved in Binding of Escherichia coli Enterotoxin b (1998)

Using a quantitative dot blot overlay assay of polyvinylidene difluoride membranes, we investigated the ability of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin b (STb) to bind to various glycolipids of defined structure. STb bound strongly to acidic glycosphingolipids, including sulfatide (or 3'-sulfogalactosylceramide) and several gangliosides, but not significantly to their derivatives, galactosylceramide and asialogangliosides, respectively. STb exhibited the highest binding affinity for sulfatide. STb bound to pure sulfatide in a dose-dependent and saturable manner, with a detection level of a few nanograms. The binding was not inhibited by tetramethylurea, which is a strong disrupter of hydrophobic interactions, or by the anionic sulfated polymer of glucose, dextran sulfate, indicating that the binding is not due solely to either hydrophobic or ionic interactions via the sulfate group of the sulfatide. The specificity of the binding was confirmed by the finding that a 500-fold molar excess of sulfatide inhibited STb binding by approximately 45%, whereas no competition was obtained with galactosylceramide under the same conditions. Taken together, our data indicated that a galactose residue linked to a sulfate group is required for the binding specificity of STb. Then, total lipids extracted either from the mucous layer or from the epithelial cells of the pig jejunum brush border, the natural target of STb, were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Both extracts contained a lipidic molecule with a relative mobility on a TLC plate similar to that of the sulfatide standard. The migrated lipid extracted directly from a preparative TLC plate was confirmed to be sulfatide, as it was recognized by laminin, a sulfated glycolipid binding protein, and by a monoclonal antibody directed against sulfatide. In an overlay assay on PVDF membranes, STb bound to the sulfatide prepared from porcine jejunum as well as to the sulfatide standard. Thus, these findings suggest that the terminal oligosaccharide sequence Gal(3SO4)beta1- on sulfatide could mediate binding of STb to its target cells and, in support of a recent report (E. Rousset, J. Harel, and J. D. Dubreuil, Microb. Pathog. 24:277-288, 1998), probably terminal sialic acid residue on another glycosphingolipid. Moreover, pretreatment in the ligated intestinal loop assay with laminin or sulfatase altered the biological activity of STb. In summary, we present data indicating that sulfatide represents a functional receptor for the STb toxin.
Comparison of energy and greenhouse gas balances of biogas with other transport biofuel options based on domestic agricultural biomass in Finland (2008)

Biofuels have been promoted as a way to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but it is questionable whether they indeed do so. The study compared energy and GHG balances of transport biofuels produced in Finnish conditions. Energy and GHG balances were calculated from a life cycle perspective for biogas when timothy-clover and reed canary grass silages and green manure of an organic farm were used as a raw material. The results were compared with published data on barley-based ethanol, rape methyl ester (biodiesel) and biowaste-based biogas. The energy input for biogas was 2237% of the output depending on the raw material. The GHG emissions from field-based biogas were 2136% of emissions from fossil-based fuels. The largest energy input was used in the processing of the biofuels while most of the greenhouse gases were emitted during farming. The GHG emissions of the field-based biogas were emitted mainly from fuels of farming machinery, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions of the soil and the production of ensiling additives. The energy efficiency was most sensitive to the methane yield, and GHG emissions to the N2O emissions. Biogas had clearly lower energy input and GHG emissions per unit energy output than domestic barley-based ethanol and biodiesel.;
Supplementary Table S1 from Enhanced Targeting of the EGFR Network with MM-151, an Oligoclonal Anti-EGFR Antibody Therapeutic (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. Cell lines and cell culture conditions&lt;/p&gt;
Hybrid analytical model coupling Laplace's equation and reluctance network for electrical machines (2016)

This paper presents a hybrid magnetic model combining reluctance network (RN) and Laplace's equation resolution using magnetic potential vector in the air gap. The coupling of the two models is done by introducing fictive equivalent magneto-motive forces (MMFs) in the air-gap. Good results are obtained compared to finite element model.
The Wnt Adaptor Protein ATP6AP2 Regulates Multiple Stages of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis (2015)

In the mammalian hippocampus, canonical Wnt signals provided by the microenvironment regulate the differentiation of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) toward the neuronal lineage. Wnts are part of a complex and diverse set of signaling pathways and the role of Wnt/Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling in adult neurogenesis remains unknown. Using in vitro assays on differentiating adult NSCs, we identified a transition of Wnt signaling responsiveness from Wnt/β-catenin to Wnt/PCP signaling. In mice, retroviral knockdown strategies against ATP6AP2, a recently discovered core protein involved in both signaling pathways, revealed that its dual role is critical for granule cell fate and morphogenesis. We were able to confirm its dual role in neurogenic Wnt signaling in vitro for both canonical Wnt signaling in proliferating adult NSCs and non-canonical Wnt signaling in differentiating neuroblasts. Although LRP6 appeared to be critical for granule cell fate determination, in vivo knockdown of PCP core proteins FZD3 and CELSR1-3 revealed severe maturational defects without changing the identity of newborn granule cells. Furthermore, we found that CELSR1-3 control distinctive aspects of PCP-mediated granule cell morphogenesis with CELSR1 regulating the direction of dendrite initiation sites and CELSR2/3 controlling radial migration and dendritic patterning. The data presented here characterize distinctive roles for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in granule cell fate determination and for Wnt/PCP signaling in controlling the morphological maturation of differentiating neuroblasts.
Structure activity relationships for derivatives of adenosine-5?-triphosphate as agonists at P2 purinoceptors: Heterogeneity within P2x and P2y subtypes (2020)

The structure-activity relationships for a variety of adenine nucleotide analogues at P2x- and P2Y-purinoceptors were investigated. Compounds formed by structural modifications of the ATP molecule including substitutions of the purine ring (C2, C8, N1, and N6-substituents, and a uridine base instead of adenine), the ribose moiety (2′ and 3′-positions), and the triphosphate group (lower phosphates, bridging oxygen substitution, and cyclization) were prepared. Pharmacological activity at P2Y-purinoceptors was assayed in the guinea pig taenia coli, endothelial cells of the rabbit aorta, smooth muscle of the rabbit mesenteric artery, and turkey erythrocyte membranes. Activity at P2X-purinoceptors was assayed in the rabbit saphenous artery and the guinea-pig vas deferens and urinary bladder. Some of the analogues displayed selectivity, or even specificity, for either the P2X- or the P2Y-purinoceptors. Certain analogues displayed selectivity or specificity within the P2X- or P2Y-purinoceptor superfamilies, giving hints about possible subclasses. For example, 8-(6-aminohexylamino)ATP and 2′,3′-isopropylidene-AMP were selective for endothelial Pzypurinoceptors over P2Y-purinoceptors in the guinea pig taenia coli, rabbit aorta, and turkey erythrocytes. These compounds were both inactive at P2X-purinoceptors. The potent agonist N6-methyl ATP and the somewhat less potent agonist 2′-deoxy-ATP were selective for P2Y-purinoceptors in the guinea pig taenia coli, but were inactive at P2X-purinoceptors and the vascular P2Y-purinoceptors. 3′-Benzylamino-3′-deoxyATP was very potent at the P2X-purinoceptors in the guinea pig vas deferens and bladder, but not in the rabbit saphenous artery and was inactive at P2Y receptors. These data suggest that specific compounds can be developed that can be utilized to activate putative subtypes of the P2X- and P2Y-purinoceptor classes.