gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histamine Action on Vertebrate GABAA Receptors (2008)

Histamine is not only a crucial cytokine in the periphery but also an important neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the brain. It is known to act on metabotropic H1-H4 receptors, but the existence of directly histamine-gated chloride channels in mammals has been suspected for many years. However, the molecular basis of such mammalian channels remained elusive, whereas in invertebrates, genes for histamine-gated channels have been already identified. In this report, we demonstrated that histamine can directly open vertebrate ion channels and identified beta subunits of GABA(A) receptors as potential candidates for histamine-gated channels. In Xenopus oocytes expressing homomultimeric beta channels, histamine evoked currents with an EC(50) of 212 microm (beta(2)) and 174 microm (beta(3)), whereas GABA is only a very weak partial agonist. We tested several known agonists and antagonists for the histamine-binding site of H1-H4 receptors and described for beta channels a unique pharmacological profile distinct from either of these receptors. In heteromultimeric channels composed of alpha(1)beta(2) or alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) subunits, we found that histamine is a modulator of the GABA response rather than an agonist as it potentiates GABA-evoked currents in a gamma(2) subunit-controlled manner. Despite the vast number of synthetic modulators of GABA(A) receptors widely used in medicine, which act on several distinct sites, only a few endogenous modulators have yet been identified. We show here for the first time that histamine modulates heteromultimeric GABA(A) receptors and may thus represent an endogenous ligand for an allosteric site.
Review of 3D Imaging by Coded Aperture Correlation Holography (COACH) (2019)

Coded aperture correlation holography (COACH) is a relatively new technique to record holograms of incoherently illuminated scenes. In this review, we survey the main milestones in the COACH topic from two main points of view. First, we review the prime architectures of optical hologram recorders in the family of COACH systems. Second, we discuss some of the key applications of these recorders in the field of imaging in general, and for 3D super-resolution imaging, partial aperture imaging, and seeing through scattering medium, in particular. We summarize this overview with a general perspective on this research topic and its prospective directions.
Bilattice based logical reasoning for automated visual surveillance and other applications (2007)

The primary objective of an automated visual surveillance system is to observe and understand human behavior and report unusual or potentially dangerous activities/events in a timely manner. Automatically understanding human behavior from visual input, however, is a challenging task. The research presented in this thesis focuses on designing a reasoning framework that can combine, in a principled manner, high level contextual information with low level image processing primitives to interpret visual information. The primary motivation for this work has been to design a reasoning framework that draws heavily upon human like reasoning and reasons explicitly about visual as well as non-visual information to solve classification problems. Humans are adept at performing inference under uncertainty by combining evidence from multiple, noisy and often contradictory sources. This thesis describes a logical reasoning approach in which logical rules encode high level knowledge about the world and logical facts serve as input to the system from real world observations. The reasoning framework supports encoding of multiple rules for the same proposition, representing multiple lines of reasoning and also supports encoding of rules that infer explicit negation and thereby potentially contradictory information. Uncertainties are associated with both the logical rules that guide reasoning as well as with the input facts. This framework has been applied to visual surveillance problems such as human activity recognition, identity maintenance, and human detection. Finally, we have also applied it to the problem of collaborative filtering to predict movie ratings by explicitly reasoning about users preferences.
P‐92: Encapsulation Adhesive Possessing High Water Barrier and Low Corrosive Properties for Flexible Electronic Device (2014)

Abstract An encapsulation material based on a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) with a high water barrier and a low corrosive properties is presented. The reproducible water vapor transmission rate is less than 5.0 g·m −2 ·day −1 under 40°C, 90% RH condition. A calcium reaction velocity and an electrochemical migration of a copper electrode were evaluated by direct encapsulation of the test devices. This PSA possesses excellent encapsulation and electric insulation properties. It is expected as one of the most prospective materials as the direct encapsulation adhesive for the flexible electronic device.
Assembly and analysis of a functional vaccinia virus "amplicon" containing the C-repeat region from the M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes. (1991)

Previous studies have shown that when inoculated intranasally into mice, vaccinia virus (VV) recombinants expressing the carboxyl half of the Streptococcus pyogenes M protein [which contains the C-repeat region (CRR)] could elicit a protective immune response against subsequent challenge by both homologous and heterologous serotypes of pathogenic group A streptococci. In the present study, an insertion plasmid was constructed that contained three tandem in-frame repeats of a 310-base-pair DNA sequence encoding the CRR from streptococcal M6 protein under control of a constitutive viral promoter. The plasmid was used to introduce the bacterial sequences into the VV genome by homologous recombination. Surprisingly, the recombinant VV:CRR3X virus that was isolated appeared to represent not an individual recombinant virus but a complex mixture of variants that contained from 1 to greater than 20 tandem copies of the CRR region at the insertion site. This genomic complexity was mirrored at the transcriptional level in that a nested set of coterminal transcripts was detected in VV:CRR3X-infected cells, which increased in size from 1400 to 6600 bases by increments of approximately 300 bases. All transcripts containing two or more CRR inserts appeared functional, as Western (immuno) blot analyses of VV:CRR3X-infected cell extracts revealed a family of CRR-related proteins with apparent molecular masses that increased from 30 kDa upward in increments of 10 kDa. All data are consistent with the hypothesis that variation in the VV:CRR3X recombinants is from random crossover events that occur within the CRR region during viral DNA replication. These results suggest that the genomic diversity generated by the "recombinogenic" properties of vaccinia recombinants containing tandem foreign inserts could be used to facilitate induction of a broadly protective immune response against antigenically diverse pathogenic agents.
Impaired acquisition in a 14-unit T-maze following medial septal lesions in rats is correlated with lesion size and hippocampal acetylcholinesterase staining (1993)

Septohippocampal cholinergic system involvement in acquisition of an aversively motivated 14-unit T-maze was evaluated in 4-month-old male Fischer-344 rats. Each rat was assigned to one of two groups that received either a bilateral electrolytic lesion to the medial septal area (MSA) or a sham operation. One week after surgery, each rat began pretraining in one-way active avoidance (footshock = 0.8 mA) consisting of 10 trials per day on each of 3 consecutive days. Criterion for successful completion of pretraining was 8/10 avoidances on the third day. On the day following completion of pretraining, each rat received 10 trials in a shock-motivated 14-unit T-maze. The performance requirement was to move through each of five maze segments within 10 s to avoid footshock (0.8 mA). A second 10-trial session was provided 24 h later. Performance measures included errors, alternation errors, runtime, shock frequency, and duration. Following maze training, each rat was sacrificed, and formalin-fixed brains were frozen for histology, which included procedures for thionin Nissl and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining. MSA-lesioned rats were observed to be significantly impaired on all measures of maze performance compared to sham-operated controls. Densitometric analysis of hippocampal AChE staining revealed a 30% reduction in relative AChE staining of MSA-lesioned rats compared to sham-operated controls. Lesion size was observed to be highly positively correlated with maze errors. A negative correlation of mean error score with density of AChE staining was observed for MSA-lesioned rats, but not for sham-operated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Generalized effective-medium model for the carrier mobility in amorphous organic semiconductors (2015)

Electronic transport through disordered organic materials is relevant in many applications, including organic light-emitting diodes and organic photovoltaics. The charge-carrier mobility is one of the most important material characteristics that must be optimized to make organic devices competitive. Here we introduce a general effective-medium model for the analytic calculation of zero-field mobilities on the basis of material-specific parameters that are obtained from extensive ab initio simulations. By means of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we generalize the model to also include the strong disorder limit. As a proof of concept the model is applied to two different disordered organic materials exhibiting medium and strong disorder, respectively. Surprisingly, even at strong disorder the hole mobilities computed with the effective-medium model in its original form are found to agree best with the experimental data. Seeking a possible explanation for this result, we investigate the strong dependence of the mobility on the connectivity of the model topology and show that the distribution of hopping matrix elements in the material is indeed much broader than assumed in simple lattice models. As the input parameters of the model can be computed on the basis of relatively small samples, this model may be used for materials' screening without adjustable parameters.
HIV-1/HSV-2 Co-Infected Adults in Early HIV-1 Infection Have Elevated CD4+ T Cell Counts (2007)

We observed no effect of HSV-2 status on viral load. However, we did observe that treatment naïve, recently HIV-1 infected adults co-infected with HSV-2+ at the time of HIV-1 acquisition had higher CD4+ T cell counts over time. If verified in other cohorts, this result poses a striking paradox, and its public health implications are not immediately clear.
Thiamine supplementation for acute heart failure patients (2019)

This editorial refers to ‘Supplemental thiamine for the treatment of acute heart failure syndrome: a randomized controlled trial’, by Smithline et al ., BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019;19:96.
Tomography and Imaging Approaches for 3D-VSP – Examples from Thunder Horse South Field (2005)

I024 TOMOGRAPHY &amp; IMAGING APPROACHES FOR 3D-VSP: EXAMPLES FROM THUNDER HORSE SOUTH FIELD Summary: 1 PAUL BICQUART 1 LARRY MORLEY 1 SCOTT LEANEY 2 NOBUYASU HIRABAYASHI 2 MICHAEL CRAVEN 2 AMAL RAY 3 BRIAN HORNBY 3 In order to gain a better understanding of the merits of different VSP processing approaches we examine tomography and imaging techniques for the Thunder Horse 3D-VSP. Our imaging methods fall broadly into two categories: Kirchhoff and Wave-Equation Migration (WEM). For the WEM methods we examine both explicit finite difference (Explicit) and PSPI (Phase Shift Plus Interpolation) wavefield extrapolation schemes. Since walkaway VSP data contain
Fluorescence labeling methods for microchannel plate capillary electrophoresis DNA sizing. (2002)

DNA analysis on microchannel plate (MCP) capillary electrophoresis platforms will be advanced by the development of new methods for the fluorescence labeling of analytes and standard sizing ladders. Here we evaluate end-labeling of commercially available DNA ladders and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) as a method for fluorescent double-stranded DNA sizing analysis. A PCR-based procedure for the facile construction of custom energy-transfer-labeled DNA sizing ladders is also presented. High-resolution sizing of single-stranded DNA fragments is demonstrated with this energy-transfer-labeled ladder. These DNA labeling procedures will be useful for double-and single-stranded DNA analyses on microdevices and other electrophoretic platforms.
(2,2′-Bipyridyl-κ2 N,N′)(succinamidato-κN)silver(I) (2007)

In the molecular title complex, [Ag(C 4 H 4 NO 2 )(C 10 H 8 N 2 )], the Ag atom adopts a distorted T-shaped AgN 3 coordination. Aromatic π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid separation = 3.8393 (17) Å] lead to centrosymmetric dimers of molecules in the crystal structure.
Wireless Power Transformation for Data Centers and Medium Voltage Applications (2020)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) techniques have been widely explored for various applications including for electric vehicle (EV) and mobile phone charging. Less attention has been paid to the use of WPT for commercial or industrial applications and for power distribution. An isolated wireless power link can enable a touch safe interface without electrically energized contacts eliminating any arc flash or electrocution hazard. This concept can for example enable safe medium voltage distribution inside data centers eliminating low voltage distribution with its large bus bars and cables and bring voltages larger than 1kV directly to the rack. A design methodology is developed for a low loss, high voltage-transfer-ratio wireless power link and a high efficiency medium voltage power converter. The proposed design methodology is evaluated using a 10kW design example and verified by finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental tests. The WPT transformer is developed with a planar magnetics structure. A U-shape ferrite configuration is proposed to improve mutual coupling by providing a low magnetic reluctance coupling path for the magnetic flux. A high efficiency power converter is developed to maintain the output voltage (48V) with a 1kV input over a wide load range. The power transfer efficiency and loss distribution are analyzed.
Enabling Accurate Node Control in Randomized Duty Cycling Networks (2008)

In this paper, we propose a novel duty cycling algorithm for a large-scale dense wireless sensor networks. The proposed algorithm is based on a social behavior of nodes in the sense that individual node's sleep/wakeup decision is influenced by the state of its neighbors. We analyze the behavior of the proposed duty cycling algorithm using a stochastic spatial process. In particular, we consider a geometric form of neighborhood dependence and a reversible Markov chain, and apply this model to analyze the behavior of the duty cycling network. We then identify a set of parameters for the reversible spatial process model, and study the steady state of the network with respect to these parameters. We report that our algorithm is scalable to a large network, and can effectively control the active node density while achieving a small variance. We also report that the social behavior of nodes has interesting and non-obvious impacts on the performance of duty cycling. Finally, we present how to set the parameters of the algorithm to obtain a desirable duty cycling behavior.
Synthesis of Novel 1,3-Dioxa-5-thiazatriquinane and 1-Oxa-3,5-dithiazatriquinane Derivatives and Their Pharmacologies (2018)

Novel triplet compounds with the 1,3-dioxa-5-thiazatriquinane and 1-oxa-3,5-dithiazatriquinane skeletons have been synthesized via the enantiomerically pure oxazoline intermediates.Their assay results showed that the substitution of sulfur atoms for the oxygen atoms increased the affinities for the opioid receptors and affected to the expression of the agonistic/antagonistic activities.Since the discovery of the synthetic method for novel trimers with the 1,3,5-trioxazatriquinane skeleton, 1 we have reported many opioid receptor type-selective ligands with the trimer skeleton such as KNT-93 (1) 2 and KNT-123 (2) 3 (Figure 1).During those studies, we payed attention to the structure of the neurotransmitters which have a common structural moiety, phenethylamine (Figure 2).Focusing on the common structure, we also conceived some plausible structures which have one phenyl group (double capped trimer), two phenyl groups (mono capped trimer), or three phenyl groups (no capped trimer) 4 directly bound with the trimers skeleton as shown in Figure 3. On the basis of the common structural concept, a variety of trimer compounds bearing the phenethylamine-structure moiety depicted in Figure 3 were synthesized in the past decade.Intriguingly, the only mono capped trimer, SYK-146 (3) 4 strongly bound to κ opioid receptor (Ki = 4.63 nM for κ receptor, Ki >1,000 nM for μ and δ receptors) with almost
Cloud Workload Analysis with SWAT (2012)

This note describes the Synthetic Workload Application Toolkit (SWAT) and presents the results from a set of experiments on some key cloud workloads. SWAT is a software platform that automates the creation, deployment, provisioning, execution, and (most importantly) data gathering of synthetic compute workloads on clusters of arbitrary size. SWAT collects and aggregates data from application execution logs, operating system call interfaces, and micro architecture-specific program counters. The data collected by SWAT are used to characterize the effects of network traffic, file I/O, and computation on program performance. The output is analyzed to provide insight into the design and deployment of cloud workloads and systems. Each workload is characterized according to its scalability with the number of server nodes and Hadoop server jobs, sensitivity to network characteristics (bandwidth, latency, statistics on packet size), and computation vs. I/O intensity as these values adjusted via workload-specific parameters. (In the future, we will use SWAT's benchmark synthesizer capability.) We also characterize micro-architectural characteristics that give insight on the micro architecture of processors better suited for this class of workloads. We contrast our results with prior work on Cloud Suite [5], validating some conclusions and providing further insight into others. This illustrates SWAT's data collection capabilities and usefulness to obtain insight on cloud applications and systems.
Ripple Correlation Control with Capacitive Compensation for Photovoltaic Applications (2018)

A ripple correlation control (RCC) algorithm with capacitive compensation is introduced for photovoltaic applications. In principle, RCC convergence times and steady-state error are reduced with higher switching frequencies, but circuit parasitics have typically limited RCC operation to tens of kHz. With capacitive compensation, phase information is retained at higher frequencies and the practical switching range is extended to 100 kHz. Simulations show that even approximate estimates of parasitic capacitance, with margins of error as high as 20% or so, can greatly extend RCC operating frequency. A 100 kHz boost prototype is constructed and used to verify that phase information is recovered with capacitive compensation.
Highly linear voltage-to-time converter based on injection locked relaxation oscillators (2017)

In this paper, a highly linear voltage to time converter is presented. It can be used as a brick in the architecture of time-domain analog-to-digital converter. It is based on injection locked oscillators as phase shifter. The injection locked oscillator is implemented using a relaxation oscillator that has been chosen for its high linearity compared to other conventional architectures. The analog-to-time domain converter is designed using 0.18μm Partially Depleted Silicon On Insulator technology. It converts the analog information into time-domain information as a phase shift and it has a linearity range of 180°.
Nanowire batteries for next generation electronics (2008)

The scaling of electronic devices also requires the evolution of high energy density power sources. By using nanowires, high charge storage materials, which otherwise have mechanical breakage problems due to large structure transformations and volume changes, can be adopted as electrode materials. High power operation can also be possible due to the short lithium insertion distances in the nanowires. We have studied Si and Ge nanowires and demonstrated charge storage capacities several times higher than the graphite anodes used in existing battery technology. LiMn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> nanorod cathodes were found to show much higher power rates than commercial powders. Detailed morphology and structure characterization have shown that these improvements are attributed to facile strain relaxation, good electronic contact and conduction, and short Li insertion distances in the nanowire battery electrode. We also developed a Langmuir-Blodgett assembly technique to produce nanowire pillars as battery electrodes, which opens up the possibility for the fabrication of on-chip battery power sources.
Comparative analysis of ceramide structural modification found in fungal cerebrosides by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry with low energy collision-induced dissociation of Li+ adduct ions (2000)

Fungal cerebrosides (monohexosylceramides, or CMHs) exhibit a number of ceramide structural modifications not found in mammalian glycosphingolipids, which present additional challenges for their complete characterization. The use of Li+ cationization, in conjunction with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and low energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/CID-MS), was found to be particularly effective for detailed structural analysis of complex fungal CMHs, especially minor components present in mixtures at extremely low abundance. A substantial increase in both sensitivity and fragmentation was observed on collision-induced dissociation of [M + Li]+ versus [M + Na]+ of the same CMH components analyzed under similar conditions. The effects of particular modifications on fragmentation were first systematically evaluated by analysis of a wide variety of standard CMHs expressing progressively more functionalized ceramides. These included bovine brain galactocerebrosides with non-hydroxy and 2-hydroxy fatty N-acylation; a plant glucocerebroside having (E/Z)-delta8 in addition to (E)-delta4 unsaturation of the sphingoid base; and a pair of fungal cerebrosides known to be further modified by a branching 9-methyl group on the sphingoid moiety, and to have a 2-hydroxy fatty N-acyl moiety either fully saturated or (E)-delta3 unsaturated. The method was then applied to characterization of both major and minor components in CMH fractions from a non-pathogenic mycelial fungus, Aspergillus niger; and from pathogenic strains of Candida albicans (yeast form); three Cryptococcus spp. (all yeast forms); and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (both yeast and mycelium forms). The major components of all species examined differed primarily (and widely) in the level of 2-hydroxy fatty N-acyl delta3 unsaturation, but among the minor components a significant degree of additional structural diversity was observed, based on differences in sphingoid or N-acyl chain length, as well as on the presence or absence of the sphingoid delta8 unsaturation or 9-methyl group. Some variants were isobaric, and were not uniformly present in all species, affirming the need for MS/CID-MS analysis for full characterization of all components in a fungal CMH fraction. The diversity in ceramide distribution observed may reflect significant species-specific differences among fungi with respect to cerebroside biosynthesis and function.