gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Figure S9 from Identification of Membrane-expressed CAPRIN-1 as a Novel and Universal Cancer Target, and Generation of a Therapeutic Anti-CAPRIN-1 Antibody TRK-950 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ADCC and ADCP activity of TRK-950 via human and monkey immune cells&lt;/p&gt;
En route to the generation and attosecond control of intense single-cycle light pulses (2009)

Characterization of intense light pulses approaching the single-cycle regime is currently hindered by the limited resolution of available metrological techniques. However if attosecond sampling of the electric field (1) of such pulses is employed, access into the fine features of their waveform opens up new possibilities for precise temporal shaping and control. We demonstrate that due to this capability, we can tune ultrashort pulses with sub-cycle resolution and can temporally compress them down to 1.2 light field oscillations. Such pulses carry more 70% of their several hundreds of microjoule energy within only one field oscillation. We will discuss the impact of these tools in steering and controlling of electrons at light frequencies, giving rise to lightwave electronics (2), as well as, their novel applications for the generation of ultrashort intense bursts of light in the deep and the vacuum ultraviolet (3).
26.1 A 130mW 20Gb/s half-duplex serial link in 28nm CMOS (2014)

As the processing power and clock rate of CPUs and GPUs increase, there is a need for increased I/O bandwidth to enable chip-to-chip communication. I/O pin limitations demand faster links at low power to enable integration of high chip-to-chip bandwidth. However, the channel losses and impedance discontinuities increase at high data rates making it difficult to equalize the channel at low power. In this work, we target reliable, differential, bi-directional links at 20 Gb/s over 6” FR4 PCB trace and flip-chip packages with a total loss budget of 20 dB at Nyquist. In a half-duplex link, one TX and RX are connected on each side and the link direction can be turned around by the controller. A link-turnaround latency of <;10 ns is achieved by placing several key circuits on standby when not in use and by designing fast bias circuits. When fast turnaround is not required, the circuits not in use are powered down permanently and the link is reduced to the simplex case. The top-level transceiver architecture is shown. An LC-VCO-based PLL oscillates at 20 GHz and generates quadrature I/Q clocks at 10 GHz. Both TX and RX use a half-rate architecture to optimize power. The clocks are distributed through an on-chip transmission line to 16 I/O lanes arranged in 2 rows. The links are capable of data rates as low as 14 Gb/s to save power when full bandwidth is not required.
Copper and Ceruloplasmin Abnormalities in Alzheimer’s Disease (2010)

The idea that copper may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is gaining momentum. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin were measured by both enzymatic (eCp) and immunologic (iCp) methods in 28 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 29 age-matched controls. ''Free copper'' was determined by subtracting copper accounted for in the eCp assay from total serum copper. Percentage free copper, that is the proportion of serum copper not bound to ceruloplasmin, was significantly elevated in patients with Alzheimer's compared to controls. There was significantly more ''defective'' ceruloplasmin, which is apoceruloplamin lacking its copper, in Alzheimer's disease than in normal controls. This abnormality may precede the clinical onset of the disease and help predict risk of disease onset. Increased exposure to environmental copper (eg, the spread of copper plumbing and the use of copper in supplements) and/or defective ceruloplasmin function may play a role in the current epidemic of Alzheimer's disease.
2-Phenylpyrimidine skeleton-based electron-transport materials for extremely efficient green organic light-emitting devices (2008)

2-Phenylpyrimidine skeleton-based multifunctional electron-transport materials are designed and synthesized. By using these materials and green phosphorescent emitter, fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium [Ir(ppy)(3)], extremely efficient green organic light-emitting devices are developed. The devices show the efficiencies of 128 lm W(-1) (105 cd A(-1)) at 100 cd m(-2) and 96 lm W(-1) (99 cd A(-1)) at 1000 cd m(-2).
Improved correction of spatial inhomogeneities of surface coils in quantitative analysis of first‐pass myocardial perfusion imaging (2009)

PD-weighted prescan normalization proved to be a valuable addition to quantitative analysis of myocardial perfusion, and better than baseline-based normalization.
TLR4-Mediated Podosome Loss Discriminates Gram-Negative from Gram-Positive Bacteria in Their Capacity to Induce Dendritic Cell Migration and Maturation (2009)

Chronic infections are caused by microorganisms that display effective immune evasion mechanisms. Dendritic cell (DC)-dependent T cell-mediated adaptive immunity is one of the mechanisms that have evolved to prevent the occurrence of chronic bacterial infections. In turn, bacterial pathogens have developed strategies to evade immune recognition. In this study, we show that gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria differ in their ability to activate DCs and that gram-negative bacteria are far more effective inducers of DC maturation. Moreover, we observed that only gram-negative bacteria can induce loss of adhesive podosome structures in DCs, a response necessary for the induction of effective DC migration. We demonstrate that the ability of gram-negative bacteria to trigger podosome turnover and induce DC migration reflects their capacity to selectively activate TLR4. Examining mice defective in TLR4 signaling, we show that this DC maturation and migration are mainly Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFNbeta-dependent. Furthermore, we show that these processes depend on the production of PGs by these DCs, suggesting a direct link between TLR4-mediated signaling and arachidonic metabolism. These findings demonstrate that gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria profoundly differ in their capacity to activate DCs. We propose that this inability of gram-positive bacteria to induce DC maturation and migration is part of the armamentarium necessary for avoiding the induction of an effective cellular immune response and may explain the frequent involvement of these pathogens in chronic infections.
Toluene Combustion in the Presence of Ceria Nanoparticles: A Shock-Tube Study (2008)

¤† ∗ ‡ ◊ A novel approach toward the study of nanoparticle-aided combustion of hydrocarbons has been developed using a shock tube, and the first measurements of the effect of ceria nanoparticles on toluene soot yield are reported. By utilizing a shock tube, the effect of additives such as ceria can be studied at the time scales of the soot inception period. The technique involves the introduction of fuel and oxidizer separately through a two-stage injection procedure in which the particle-laden condensed-phase fuel is injected using a syringe and the oxidizer, premixed with inert gas, is introduced at two separate locations to promote turbulent mixing within the shock tube. In the present work, two concentrations of ceria, of chemical composition CeO1.63, were employed to examine the effect on soot production of toluene over the range of temperature 1588 K – 2370 K under dilution conditions in which reflected-shock pressure was maintained near 1.5 atm. The ceria nanoparticles were synthesized using a microemulsion technique which utilizes sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT), a surfactant, to retard the natural tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates. Use of surfactants is necessary to ensure a homogeneous distribution within the condensed-phase (carrier) fuel and, to make certain that the observance of any effects is due to the nanoparticles, mixtures of toluene and AOT were also examined. The results indicate that the reduced soot formation observed in the experiments is possibly due more to the surfactant than the ceria nanoparticles. Furthermore, to identify the impact of ceria on the kinetics of toluene combustion, ignition delay times of toluene were investigated and recent results from gas-phase experiments are reported.
Design and analysis on reduced switching frequency current mode control isolated power converters for light load efficiency (2009)

This paper focus on improving light load efficiency of isolated DC/DC converters. A mixed signal control platform is proposed to implement multiple-mode variable frequency control. An 8-bit Micro Controller Unit MCU is used in the platform to provide adaptive control schemes and cost effectiveness digital solutions. Small signal analysis is covered to explain frequency modulation effects. Control of isolation transformer flux swing to avoid saturation is also implemented, to provide safe operation both in steady and transient states. A 300 Watt prototype Two-FET forward converter is built up to verify the proposed mixed signal control platform.
Interleukin-2 and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells in the treatment of malignant glioma: clinical and experimental studies (1986)

The phenomenon of glioma killing by lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK) was studied. We demonstrate that LAK cells generated by culturing the lymphokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with peripheral blood lymphocytes from brain tumour patients destroys autologous glioma. The rat 9L glioma model was used to show that LAK killing was tumour-selective as glioma but not syngeneic normal brain tissue was destroyed. The susceptibility of both human and 9L rat glioma to LAK cell killing was markedly diminished by pretreating glioma cells with trypsin or chymotrypsin, but was unaffected by pretreatment with neuraminidase, glycosidases, sodium periodate or hydrocortisone. These results suggest that the cell surface determinant on glioma cells responsible for its tumour selective lysis by LAK is a protein sensitive to trypsin and chymotrypsin. The tumour-selective killing of glioma by LAK in vitro prompted the initiation of a Phase I study in which ten patients with malignant glioma have been treated with direct intracerebral injection of IL-2 or LAK without evidence of systemic or brain toxicity.
Controls concepts for next generation reusable rocket engines (2005)

Three primary issues will drive the design and control used in next generation reusable rocket engines. In addition to steady-state and dynamic performance, the requirements for increased durability, reliability and operability (with faults) will dictate which new controls and design technologies and features will be brought to bear. An array of concepts which have been brought forward will be tested against the measures of cost and benefit as reflected in the above "ilities". This paper examines some of the new concepts and looks for metrics to judge their value.
StriSynth: Synthesis for Live Programming (2015)

Motivated by applications in automating repetitive file manipulations, we present a tool called StriSynth, which allows end-users to perform transformations over data using examples. Based on provided examples, our tool automaticallygenerates scripts for non-trivial file manipulations. Although the current focus of StriSynth are file manipulations, it implements a more general string transformation framework. This framework builds on and further extends the functionality of Flash Fill -- a Microsoft Excel extension for string transformations. An accompanying video to this paper is available at the following website http://youtu.be/kkDZphqIdFM.
Stereoselective synthesis of azetidin-2-ones, precursors of biologically active syn-3-amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acids (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective synthesis of azetidin-2-ones, precursors of biologically active syn-3-amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acidsRita Annunziata, Maurizio Benaglia, Mauro Cinquini, Franco Cozzi, and Francesco PonziniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 17, 4746–4748Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00069a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00069a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analyzing the Energy-Latency Trade-Off During the Deployment of Sensor Networks (2006)

The inherent trade-off between energy-efficiency and rapidity of event dissemination is characteristic for wireless sensor networks. Scarcity of energy renders it necessary for nodes to spend a large portion of their lifetime in an energyefficient sleep mode during which they do neither receive nor send messages. On the other hand, the longer nodes stay in sleep mode, the slower will be the reaction time for disseminating an external event. The trade-off is prominently exhibited during the deployment phase of sensor networks, if some nodes are deployed earlier than others. In this paper, we study this fundamental trade-off by giving a formal model that enables us to compare the performance of different protocols and algorithms. Based on this model, we propose, analyze, and simulate two novel algorithms which significantly outperform existing solutions.
Relationship between temperature rise and thermal conductivity in a magnetic medium during heated dot magnetic recording (2022)

Abstract In this study, we investigated the relationship between the temperature rise in recording dots of a bit-patterned medium and its thermal conductivity during heated dot magnetic recording (HDMR) using numerical calculation (electromagnetic field and heat conduction analyses). When the thermal conductivities of the recording and heat sink layers were anisotropic, the temperature rise of a dot’s lower cell could be increased while maintaining a small temperature difference between the upper and lower cells. The HDMR process was calculated via micromagnetic simulation using the Landau–Lifshitz–Bloch equation at vertical and in-plane thermal conductivities of 24.0 and 1.0 W mK −1 (12.0 and 10.0 W mK −1 ), respectively, for the recording (heat sink) layer. Results showed a bit error rate of 0%, and thus almost no error.
Large Scale Identification and Categorization of Protein Sequences Using Structured Logistic Regression (2014)

Using the SLR-based classification tool we are able to run a large scale study of P-type ATPases. This study provides proof-of-concept for the application of SLR to a bioinformatics problem and the analysis of P-type ATPases pinpoints new and interesting targets for further biochemical characterization and structural analysis.
Efficiency and Optimization of a Straight Rectangular Fin with Combined Heat and Mass Transfer (2008)

An analysis was carried out to study the efficiency of a straight rectangular fin with a uniform cross-section area when subjected to simultaneous heat and mass transfer mechanisms. The temperature and humidity ratio differences are the driving forces for the heat and mass transfer, respectively. Numerical solutions are obtained for the temperature distribution over the fin surface when the fin surface is dry, fully wet, and partially wet. The psychrometric correlation of an air-water vapor mixture was used to simulate the relation between the temperature and humidity ratio instead of the linear approximate correlations used in the literature. The effect of atmospheric pressure on the fin efficiency was also studied, in addition to fin optimum thickness for specific operating conditions. The numerical solution was compared with those of previous studies in order to find if the linear model in the published analytical results are near to the real situation. It is found that the linear model for the relation between the humidity ratio and the temperature used by Wu and Bong is a reasonable engineering approximation for small values of the fin parameter and at low relative humidities.
The Cassini Ion Mass Spectrometer (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction IMS Design and Construction Discussion
ECHA ARN documents: chemical grouping without a toxicological rationale (2023)

The EU chemical strategy for sustainability (CSS) plans to use chemical grouping to "prioritise (…) substances for restrictions for all uses through grouping, instead of regulating them one by one". Thus, toxicological grouping will become a key tool used by regulatory authorities in Europe. Over the last 2 years, ECHA has published a high number of documents labelled "Assessment of Regulatory Needs (ARN)" which are based on groups of chemicals based on structural considerations. The ARN documents are legally non-binding, yet they present the public impression of a conclusion about restrictions for groups or sub-groups of chemicals and hence may set a precedent for further binding actions. ECHA has set out definitions on what is considered a group in REACH Annex XI. However, as shown in this commentary based on five examples, the ARN do not follow these principles and propose toxicological groupings without taking into consideration mode of action and the toxicological information on the chemicals. Given the emphasis on grouping projected by the CSS, the groupings in the ARN set an unfortunate precedent on what a toxicological group means and they do not follow clear scientific standards or established toxicological principles. They also lead to a public image of guilt by association for chemicals, without any recourse for registrants to establish the scientific basis for their safe use, as presented within REACH registrations.
RRM2 enhances MYCN-driven neuroblastoma formation and acts as a synergistic target with CHK1 inhibition (2022)

High-risk neuroblastoma, a pediatric tumor originating from the sympathetic nervous system, has a low mutation load but highly recurrent somatic DNA copy number variants. Previously, segmental gains and/or amplifications allowed identification of drivers for neuroblastoma development. Using this approach, combined with gene dosage impact on expression and survival, we identified ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) as a candidate dependency factor further supported by growth inhibition upon in vitro knockdown and accelerated tumor formation in a neuroblastoma zebrafish model coexpressing human RRM2 with MYCN. Forced RRM2 induction alleviates excessive replicative stress induced by CHK1 inhibition, while high RRM2 expression in human neuroblastomas correlates with high CHK1 activity. MYCN-driven zebrafish tumors with RRM2 co-overexpression exhibit differentially expressed DNA repair genes in keeping with enhanced ATR-CHK1 signaling activity. In vitro, RRM2 inhibition enhances intrinsic replication stress checkpoint addiction. Last, combinatorial RRM2-CHK1 inhibition acts synergistic in high-risk neuroblastoma cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models, illustrating the therapeutic potential.
Driven by Food (2015)

In this work we study the dynamics of geographic choice, i.e., how users choose one from a set of objects in a geographic region. We postulate a model in which an object is selected from a slate of candidates with probability that depends on how far it is (distance) and how many closer alternatives exist (rank). Under a discrete choice formulation, we argue that there exists a factored form in which unknown functions of rank and distance may be combined to produce an accurate estimate of the likelihood that a user will select each alternative. We then learn these hidden functions and show that each can be closely approximated by an appropriately parameterized lognormal, even though the respective marginals look quite different. We give a theoretical justification to support the presence of lognormal distributions.
Structure and Function of the G‐protein Coupled Receptor Family (2010)

G protein‐coupled receptors comprise the largest family of human eukaryotic signal transduction proteins that communicate across the membrane. We have solved the crystal structures of the human β2‐adrenergic receptor bound to the partial inverse agonist carazolol and timolol at 2.4 Å and 2.8 resolution Å, respectively. More recently, we determined the structure of the human adenosine A2a receptor bound to the antagonists ZM281345 at 2.6 Å resolution and conducted a community wide assessment of the current status of GPCR modeling and docking. The structures provide a high‐resolution view of a human G protein‐coupled receptor bound to diffusible ligands. Ligand‐binding site accessibility is enabled by the extracellular loops which are held out of the binding cavity by a set of disulfide bridges and unique structural motifs. An exciting discovery is the role of cholesterol in receptor stability and potential function. Future studies include the determination of representative members from the different branches of the GPCR phylogenetic tree including class A, B, and C GPCR's, as well as the receptors bound to agonists and G‐proteins in an activated state. New structural data will be reported. This work was supported by the NIGMS Protein Structure Initiative (ATCG3D) U54 GM074961 and the NIH Roadmap Initiative (JCIMPT) P50 GM073197.