gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Evaluation of AMG 900, a Novel Potent and Highly Selective Pan-Aurora Kinase Inhibitor with Activity in Taxane-Resistant Tumor Cell Lines (2010)

In mammalian cells, the aurora kinases (aurora-A, -B, and -C) play essential roles in regulating cell division. The expression of aurora-A and -B is elevated in a variety of human cancers and is associated with high proliferation rates and poor prognosis, making them attractive targets for anticancer therapy. AMG 900 is an orally bioavailable, potent, and highly selective pan-aurora kinase inhibitor that is active in taxane-resistant tumor cell lines. In tumor cells, AMG 900 inhibited autophosphorylation of aurora-A and -B as well as phosphorylation of histone H3 on Ser(10), a proximal substrate of aurora-B. The predominant cellular response of tumor cells to AMG 900 treatment was aborted cell division without a prolonged mitotic arrest, which ultimately resulted in cell death. AMG 900 inhibited the proliferation of 26 tumor cell lines, including cell lines resistant to the antimitotic drug paclitaxel and to other aurora kinase inhibitors (AZD1152, MK-0457, and PHA-739358), at low nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, AMG 900 was active in an AZD1152-resistant HCT116 variant cell line that harbors an aurora-B mutation (W221L). Oral administration of AMG 900 blocked the phosphorylation of histone H3 in a dose-dependent manner and significantly inhibited the growth of HCT116 tumor xenografts. Importantly, AMG 900 was broadly active in multiple xenograft models, including 3 multidrug-resistant xenograft models, representing 5 tumor types. AMG 900 has entered clinical evaluation in adult patients with advanced cancers and has the potential to treat tumors refractory to anticancer drugs such as the taxanes.
The implementation of POWER7<sup>TM</sup>: A highly parallel and scalable multi-core high-end server processor (2010)

POWER7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> the next generation processor of the POWER <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM<sup> family is introduced. The 8-core chip, supporting 32 threads, is implemented in 45 nm 11 M CMOS SOI. The 32 kB L1 caches feature 1 read port banked write for the l-cache and 2 read ports banked write for the Dcache. The on-chip cache hierarchy consists of a 256 kB fast, private SRAM L2 and a 32MB shared L3, implemented in embedded DRAM.</sup></sup>
Ku-band active array antenna for mobile DBS reception (2004)

In this paper, a high efficiency active array antenna module using microstrip patch subarrays with the stacked patch and the low cost packaged monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) phase shifters is developed, which is used in the active phased array antenna system. The antenna elements and the active circuitry are integrated to improve the array performance on the same substrate. It exhibits the antenna gain to noise temperature ratio (G/T) of 0 dB/K. The 3 /spl times/ 4 circularly polarized radiator subarray has a 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 25% and 2:1 VSWR bandwidth of 15.2%. And the tracking performances for this antenna with gain of 24dBi (3 /spl times/ 8 radiator) are discussed from the moving test on urban road, national road, and expressway. The average receiving rates are 88% on urban area and 99% on highway except tunnels, respectively. In addition, the reduction of the relative receiving rate due to the blockings and the rainfall intensity is investigated.
MEMS-Based Light Valves for Ultra-High Resolution Projection Displays (2002)

Ultra-high resolution projectors will improve the visual systems of military flight simulators dramatically. There are changes in aspect angle and aspect rate which fixed-wing fighter pilots can discriminate at long standoff distances, but which cannot be displayed with adequate resolution by the visual systems of contemporary flight simulators. At present the limit of display resolution is fixed by the capacity of the display’s projector. This issue is being addressed by INO and its partners working toward the development of a new light-modulating micromirror MEMS. This unique device incorporates 25 µm x 25 µm microbridges acting as flexible micromirrors. Each micromirror corresponds to one pixel of an image and is capable of modulating light intensity in analog fashion, with switching speeds in the range of 5 µs. A linear array of micromirrors is combined with a scanning system, a microlaser light source and a Schlieren-type optical system to produce a 256 grey-level image. The result is a MOEMS-based system that can write thousands of image lines at a frame rate of 60 Hz. Finite-element analyses have been performed to describe mechanical properties of the micromirrors. Several examples will be given from both static and dynamic electromechanical simulation. The micromirror fabrication process will be summarized. The physical characteristics of the micromirrors will be reported, including their response time and damage threshold. Finally, future plans including the development of 2000 x 1 linear pixel arrays with the associated control electronics, will be described.
G. Higman. Subgroups of finitely presented groups. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, series A, mathematical and physical sciences, vol. 262 (1961), pp. 455–475. (1964)

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NON-NEGATIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION: A BLIND SOURCES SEPARATION METHOD TO UNMIX FLUORESCENCE SPECTRA (2009)

Fluorescent imaging in diffusive media is an emerging modality for medical applications. Here, we use spectrally resolved measurements in order to separate several fluorescence sources. It is useful to filter parasite signal (such as the intrinsic biological tissues fluorescence, called autofluorescence) or enable the multiplexing of several fluorophores. A spectroscopic approach, based on the Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) method, is explored to unmix overlapping spectra and thus isolate the specific fluorescence signals. This blind source separation method treats specific fluorescences (due to the various fluorophores) as different sources to separate; it only needs initial spectra, updated over iterations thanks to the classical gradient descent method. Fluorescence contributions of Alexa750 and ICG have been satisfactorily isolated on experimental data.
Generation and characterization of ErbB2-CAR-engineered cytokine-induced killer cells for the treatment of high-risk soft tissue sarcoma in children (2017)

Pediatric patients with recurrent, refractory or advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) who are simultaneously showing signs of cumulative treatment toxicity are in need of novel therapies. In this preclinical analysis, we identified ErbB2 as a targetable antigen on STS cells and used cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells transduced with the lentiviral 2<sup>nd</sup>-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) vector pS-5.28.z-IEW to target ErbB2-positive tumors. Solely CIK cell subsets with the CD3<sup>+</sup> T cell phenotype showed up to 85% cell surface expression of the respective CAR. A comparison of wildtype (WT), mock-vector and ErbB2-CAR-CIK cells showed, that engineered cells exhibited diminished <i>in vitro</i> expansion, retained WT CIK cell phenotype with higher percentages of differentiated effector memory/effector cells. Activating natural killer (NK) cell receptor NKG2D-restricted target cell recognition and killing of WT and ErbB2-CAR-CIK cells was maintained against ErbB2-negative tumors, while ErbB2-CAR-CIK cells demonstrated significantly increased cytotoxicity against ErbB2-positive targets, including primary tumors. ErbB2-CAR- but not WT CIK cells proliferated, infiltrated and efficiently lysed tumor cell monolayers as well as 3D tumor spheroids. Here, we demonstrate a potential cell therapeutic approach using ErbB2-CAR-CIK cells for the recognition and elimination of tumor cells expressing ErbB2, which we identified as a targetable antigen on high-risk STS cells.
Selective Synthesis of Unsaturated Macrocycles by Ligand-Controlled Depolymerisation of 1,4 - Polybutadiene (2015)

status: Published
RETRACTED: Pd-Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Catalysts (Pd/PRGO): Laser Synthesis of Pd Nanoparticles Supported on PRGO Nanosheets for Carbon–Carbon Cross Coupling Reactions (2011)

This paper reports the development of a new family of highly active Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on partially reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions. We report, for the first time, the synthesis of Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on partially reduced graphene nanosheets (Pd/PRGO) by pulsed laser irradiation of aqueous solutions of graphene oxide and palladium ions without the use of chemical reducing or capping agents. The redox reactions initiated by the photoexcitation of GO using two 532 nm photons in different reducing environments of appropriate protic solvents (water, methanol, and ethanol) result in the formation of Pd nanoparticles with different sizes supported on the PRGO nanosheets. The laser irradiation process leads to the formation of multiple defect sites on the surface of the PRGO nanosheets which provide an excellent environment for anchoring the Pd nanoparticles, thus impeding the particles’ migration and increasing the catalyst–support interaction. This consequently contributes to the enhanced catalytic performance and recyclability of the catalyst. The Pd/PRGO catalyst generated in water demonstrates excellent catalytic activity for Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira cross coupling reactions, with good recyclability for Suzuki coupling with a turn over number (TON) of 7800 and a remarkable turnover frequency (TOF) of 230,000 h–1 at 120 °C under microwave heating. The results indicate that the defect sites generated on the PRGO nanosheets by the laser photochemical process play a major role in imparting the exceptional catalytic properties to these catalysts.
Quantitative analysis of all types of β-carboline alkaloids in medicinal plants and dried edible plants by high performance liquid chromatography with selective fluorometric detection (1999)

A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to determine all types of β-carboline alkaloids in medicinal and edible plants. The alkaloids, including internal standards, were purified from plant homogenates by serial extractions after reacting with fluorescamine. The extracts were analysed twice using reversed-phase chromatography with fluorometric detection optimized for each individual analyte. β-Carbolines and tetrahydro-β-carbolines were analysed in the first run, while dihydro-β-carbolines were analysed in the second. The simultaneous separation of harmol, norharman, harman, harmine, harmalol, harmaline, tetrahydronorharman, tetrahydroharman and two internal standards was achieved within 17 min by an isocratic elution. β-Carbolines, dihydro-β-carbolines and tetrahydro-β-carbolines could be quantitatively determined in concentrations of 0.01–50.0 ng/mL. In replicate spiking experiments, the mean recovery was 71–110% and the relative standard deviation was 0.3–10.1% within and between assays. Application of the proposed method has revealed that medicinal plants and dried edible plants contain β-carboline alkaloids at ng/g to µg/g levels. Norharman and harman were distributed in all the tested plants, while harmol and harmalol were found only in some plant species. However, no significant amounts of tetrahydro-β-carbolines were detected in any plant materials tested, suggesting that the oxidation of tetrahydro-β-carbolines to β-carbolines occurs during the drying and/or the storing process. The β-carboline alkaloids may be responsible for the pharmacological effects of certain medicinal plants. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Versatile method for production and controlled polymer‐immobilization of biologically active recombinant proteins (2002)

The immobilization of a protein by covalent attachment to a support matrix should involve only functional groups of the protein that are not essential for its biological activity. A general strategy for obtaining recombinant proteins designed for oriented covalent grafting onto copolymers was investigated. The rationale involves the definition of seven p24-derived recombinant proteins as fused to either distant or adjacent tags comprising primary amine rich tag consisting of six contiguous lysines suitable for oriented covalent immobilization and a hexa-histidine tag suitable for metal chelate affinity purification. High-level expression, efficient affinity purification, and coupling yields onto maleic anhydride-alt-methyl vinyl ether copolymers higher than 95% were obtained for all proteins. Afterwards, an investigation of the biological features of the immobilized vs. nonimmobilized protein onto the copolymer allowed us to select one bioconjugate which was used in a diagnostic context, i.e., as a capture antigen in an ELISA format test. Sera from 107 HIV-seropositive individuals at various stages of HIV infection, including two seroconversion panels and 104 healthy HIV-seronegative controls, were tested using either RH24 or RK24H-copolymer coated onto the microtiter plate. These assays showed that the use of such a protein-copolymer bioconjugate allowed detection of lower antibody titers than the RH24 protein, illustrating the potential of applications of such doubly tagged proteins. Thus, a set of expression vectors was designed containing four different combinations of hexa-lysine and hexa-histidine tags and a multiple cloning site, allowing the production of different recombinant fusion proteins suitable for biological reactivity conservation after immobilization.
Web machine coordinated motion control via electronic line-shafting (2003)

Most current multi-axis web machine controllers are not designed to possess the inter-axis stiffness properties which were the inherent coordinating force in historical, mechanically coupled, "line-shafted" multi-axis web machines. As a result, these controllers cannot maintain coordination for all operating conditions. This paper presents the development of an "electronic line-shafting" control technique which serves to replicate and even improve on the historical, mechanical line-shafted properties. This technique was implemented on a five-axis filament winding machine to evaluate such control during periods where the drive was in torque limit, velocity limit, or simply responding to asymmetric load induced disturbances. The results demonstrate that the "electronic line-shafting" technique significantly improves the coordination, robustness and overall stability of multi-axis, web handling machines subjected to realistic physical limitations.
Weak Solutions to an Euler Alignment System with Singular Interactions in a Bounded Domain (2021)

Euler alignment systems appear as hydrodynamic limits of interacting self-propelled particle systems such as the (generalized) Cucker-Smale model. In this work, we study weak solutions to an Euler alignment system on smooth, bounded, connected domains. This particular Euler alignment system includes singular alignment, attraction, and repulsion interaction kernels which correspond to a Yukawa potential. We also include a confinement potential and self-propulsion. We embed the problem into an abstract Euler system to conclude that infinitely many weak solutions exist. We further show that we can construct solutions satisfying bounds on an energy quantity, and that the solutions satisfy a weak-strong uniqueness principle. Finally, we present an addition of leader-agents governed by controlled ODEs, and modification of the interactions to be Bessel potentials of fractional order $s &gt; 2$.
"Cluster—Bethe-lattice" method: The electronic density of states of heteropolar systems (1975)

The "cluster---Bethe-lattice" method is extended to the study of heteropolar systems. The Bethe lattice is solved for binary compounds of arbitrary coordination using simple tight-binding models. In particular systems with tetrahedral coordination, such as the zinc-blende, BC-8, and random-network structures are examined in detail. The results are compared with recent experimental photoemission data on the amorphous phases of binary compounds and interpreted in terms of topology.
Velocardiofacial manifestations and microdeletions in schizophrenic inpatients. (1997)

Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) is associated with an increased frequency of schizophrenia and other types of psychiatric morbidity. In this study, we tried to identify a subgroup of schizophrenic patients with deletions in the VCFS region of the long arm of chromosome 22. For that purpose, we screened the records of two major general hospitals for patients with abnormalities characteristic of VCFS, such as cardiac anomalies and cleft palate, and cross-checked the data with the register of psychiatric hospitalizations in four psychiatric hospitals. Of the 24 patients that qualified, only seven patients could be studied. An additional eight schizophrenic inpatients were ascertained clinically, based on a working VCFS Clinical Scale. FISH studies and molecular analyses, using polymorphic markers from the VCFS region, documented hemizygosity of 22q11 in three out of 15 patients (20.0%). Increased awareness of psychiatrists to signs of VCFS among patients with psychiatric illnesses is encouraged, in order to direct molecular studies effectively. In order to cut down the cost of testing, we suggest screening suspected patients with a single marker, such as D22S941, and to study further only those who have a single electrophoretic band.
Integrated skin sensitization assessment based on OECD methods (III): Adding human data to the assessment (2023)

Skin sensitizer potency assessment based on new approach methodologies is key to deriving a point of departure (PoD) for risk assessment. Regression models to predict a PoD based on OECD-validated in vitro tests and trained on local lymph node assay (LLNA) data were previously presented, and results from human tests were recently compiled. To integrate both data sources, the Reference Chemical Potency List (RCPL), which provides potency values (PV) for 33 chemicals integrating LLNA and human data in a structured weight-of-evidence approach, was developed. When calculating regression models vs PV or LLNA data, different weights for the input parameters were noted. As the RCPL is based on too few chemicals to train robust statistical models, the list of human data was extended to a larger set of PV (n = 139) with associated in vitro data. This database was used to retrain the regression models and to compare regression models trained vs (i) LLNA, (ii) PV or (iii) human DSA04 values. Using the PV as a target, predictive models of similar predictivity to the LLNA-based models were obtained, which mainly differ in a lesser weight of cytotoxicity and a higher weight of cell activation and reactivity parameters. Analysis of the human DSA04 dataset indicates a similar pattern but also shows that the human dataset is too small and biased to be a key dataset for potency prediction. Hence, an enlarged set of PV values appears to be a complementary tool to train predictive models next to an LLNA-only database.
Differential effects of γc cytokines on postselection differentiation of CD8 thymocytes (2012)

The primary consequence of positive selection is to render thymocytes responsive to cytokines and chemokines expressed in the thymic medulla. In the present study, our main objective was to discover which cytokines could support the differentiation of positively selected thymocytes. To this end, we have developed an in vitro model suitable for high-throughput analyses of positive selection and CD8 T-cell differentiation. The model involves coculture of TCR(hi)CD5(int)CD69(-) double-positive (DP) thymocytes with peptide-pulsed OP9 cells and γc-cytokines. We report that IL-4, IL-7, and IL-21 have nonredundant effects on positively selected DP thymocytes. IL-7 signaling phosphorylates STAT5 and ERK; induces Foxo1, Klf2, and S1pr1; and supports the differentiation of classic CD8 T cells. IL-4 activates STAT6 and ERK and supports the differentiation of CD8(int)PD-L1(hi)CD44(hi)EOMES(+) innate CD8 T cells. IL-21 is produced by thymic epithelial cells and the IL-21 receptor-α is strongly induced on DP thymocytes undergoing positive selection. IL-21 signaling phosphorylates STAT3 and STAT5, but not ERK, and does not support CD8 T-cell differentiation. However, IL-21 has a unique ability to up-regulate BCL-6, expand DP thymocytes undergoing positive selection, and increase the production of mature T cells. Our data suggest that injection of recombinant IL-21 might enhance thymic output in subjects with age- or disease-related thymic atrophy.
Structural analysis of cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) using high-field DNP-NMR (2020)

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer, widely used in materials for functional films and moldings, fiber fabric sizing agents, paper coating resins, and adhesives. PVOH is mainly applied in the form of an aqueous solution, yet after its application, insolubility (water resistance) is required. To achieve this, additives are introduced. These additives used with PVOH are cross-linking agents which react with the hydroxyl groups and modified functional groups in PVOH. Because of the poor reactivity of unmodified PVOH, it does not react with cross-linking agents that have functional reactive groups. Therefore, modified PVOH that reacts with a cross-linking agent more successfully is required. These chemical bonding sites are so low in abundance that it is difficult to characterize the cross-linking structure. Solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR is a powerful technique that can be used for the structural analysis of a polymer material. However, its sensitivity is low, hence it is difficult to determine crosslinking in a polymer, as it makes up only a small proportion of the product. Therefore, solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR sensitivity can be enhanced by high-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) using strong electron polarization. In this study, the reaction of acetoacetylated PVOH with a cross-linking agent, adipic dihydrazide, was analyzed. This crosslinked PVOH is the most popular vinyl alcohol polymer on the commercial market. The sensitivity enhanced <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra reveal that the carbonyl of the acetoacetyl group of PVOH crosslinks with adipic hydrazide by forming an imine bond (>C[double bond, length as m-dash]N-) this study also shows that the product has only seven crosslinking sites per molecular chain with a polymerization degree of 1000 and is water resistant.
Chemical Properties of Oxidized Silicon Carbide Surfaces upon Etching in Hydrofluoric Acid (2009)

Hydrogen termination of oxidized silicon in hydrofluoric acid results from an etching process that is now well understood and accepted. This surface has become a standard for studies of surface science and an important component in silicon device processing for microelectronics, energy, and sensor applications. The present work shows that HF etching of oxidized silicon carbide (SiC) leads to a very different surface termination, whether the surface is carbon or silicon terminated. Specifically, the silicon carbide surfaces are hydrophilic with hydroxyl termination, resulting from the inability of HF to remove the last oxygen layer at the oxide/SiC interface. The final surface chemistry and stability critically depend on the crystal face and surface stoichiometry. These surface properties affect the ability to chemically functionalize the surface and therefore impact how SiC can be used for biomedical applications.