gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Review of the NOP (ORL-1)-Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ System Covering Receptor Structure, Distribution, Role in Analgesia and Reward and Interactions with Other Receptors (2013)

The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP; also known as ORL-1, OP4) was first identified and cloned in the mid-90s using reverse pharmacology; shortly after the endogenous ligand nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) was identified. Since these initial discoveries there have been extensive investigations performed, all aimed toward gaining an understanding of NOP’s peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal roles in physiological and pathophysiological processes. This article reviews the molecular biology, in vitro and in vivo pharmacology of the nociceptin system, including the structure-activity relationships associated with the endogenous agonist, as well as the NOP receptor structure and binding-site elucidation studies. As the receptor and its endogenous ligand are widely expressed a cross-species comparison of the anatomical distribution pattern is presented focusing on CNS expression where most literature data is available. While the nociceptin system has been implicated in a wide range of biological actions, the similarities between NOP and the classical opioid receptors have ensured much of this work has centered on the role of NOP in pain transmission, substance abuse, and tolerance; as such this review includes advances from studies in these areas. Where appropriate comparison to the classic opioid system is included and, in addition, literature that is supportive of a central NOP-mediated, regulation of the MOP receptor is presented. Finally the status of the first generation of compounds with activity at NOP receptors to enter the clinic is provided.
CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY EVALUATION OF RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION TREATMENT OF 36 CHILDREN WITH SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (2012)

Objectives To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation treatment of children with supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Methods Conventional cardiac electrophysiology examination was performed in 36 children with PSVT to identify PSVT pathogenesis, and to determine the ablation site. Radiofrequency ablation was performed using the temperature control method. Results Electrophysiological examination showed 22 cases of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), 14 cases of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and all surgeries were successful. There were two cases of transient third degree atrioventricular block (AVB), which returned to sinus rhythm automatically, when His bundle electrode was placed. Two cases of complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB) Occurred after surgery and returned to normal after 1–2 days. One child with AVNRT (2.7%) recurred after 9 months and need re-operation to be successful. No serious complications occurred such as permanent III degree AVB and pericardial tamponade. Conclusions In the skilled interventional cardiology center, radiofrequency ablation of PSVT in children is as safe and effective as in adults. AVNRT recurrence after ablation may be related to physician fear in children with atrioventricular nodal development immaturity and more conservation for the ablation energy and ablation time in children.
Spiroligomer‐Based Macrocycles for Atomically Precise Membranes (2023)

Abstract Here, we report a new class of peptidomimetic macrocycles with well‐defined three‐dimensional structures and low conformational flexibility. They are assembled from fused‐ring spiro‐ladder oligomers (spiroligomers) by modular solid‐phase synthesis. Two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance confirms their shape persistency. Triangular macrocycles of tunable sizes assemble into membranes with atomically precise pores, which exhibit size and shape‐dependent molecular sieving towards a series of structurally similar compounds. The exceptional structural diversity and stability of spiroligomer‐based macrocycles will be explored for more applications.
Security in Next Generation Consumer Electronic Devices (2007)

In this paper we categorise the goals of attackers of consumer electronic devices and identify common attack vectors. The challenges of implementing a security solution on consumer electronic devices are discussed and a defence strategy against common current and future attacks is outlined.
Initial Results of Enel Green Power Silicon Heterojunction Factory and Strategies for Improvements (2020)

This paper reports on the first months of operation of the silicon heterojunction production line at Enel Green Power which started in April 2019 as well as strategies for efficiency improvement. The efficiency of the lines reached in short time is demonstrated in its current configuration with 4BB cell design. Within the collaboration with CEA, an intense activity is ongoing to increase the module efficiency. For the time being, it has been demonstrated a new European HJT cell record certified at 24.63% on a full M2 wafer.
WatchWriter (2016)

We present WatchWriter, a finger operated keyboard that supports both touch and gesture typing with statistical decoding on a smartwatch. Just like on modern smartphones, users type one letter per tap or one word per gesture stroke on WatchWriter but in a much smaller spatial scale. WatchWriter demonstrates that human motor control adaptability, coupled with modern statistical decoding and error correction technologies developed for smartphones, can enable a surprisingly effective typing performance despite the small watch size. In a user performance experiment entirely run on a smartwatch, 36 participants reached a speed of 22-24 WPM with near zero error rate.
Economic Evaluation of Wastewater Surveillance Combined with Clinical COVID-19 Screening Tests, Japan (2023)

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed substantial burdens on the global society. To find an optimal combination of wastewater surveillance and clinical testing for tracking COVID-19, we evaluated the economic efficiency of hypothetical screening options at a single facility in Japan. To conduct cost-benefit analyses, we developed standard decision models in which we assumed model parameters from literature and primary data, such as screening policies used at the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Village in 2021. We compared hypothetical 2-step screening options that used clinical PCR to diagnose COVID-19 after a positive result from primary screening using antigen tests (option 1) or wastewater surveillance (option 2). Our simulation results indicated that option 2 likely would be economically more justifiable than option 1, particularly at lower incidence levels. Our findings could help justify and promote the use of wastewater surveillance as a primary screening at a facility level for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
Toluene abuse: physical basis for hypointensity of the basal ganglia on T2-weighted MR images. (1994)

This model suggests that partitioning of toluene into the lipid membranes of cells in cerebral tissue may be responsible for the hypointensity of basal ganglia noted on T2-weighted MR images of brains of toluene abusers.
Supplementary Data S8 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DSS3 values for chemotherapies commonly used in breast cancer treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Optical arithmetic computing using a linear associative memory (1987)

There are a number of schemes to perform optical arithmetic computation. While there are parallel carry-free computation models that require cumbersome preprocessing and postprocessing, most digital approaches use direct binary digital computation. Such an approach is serial and requires bit-by-bit computation. Optical implementation of an inherently serial algorithm is generally undesirable. Associative memory processors are inherently parallel and, using appropriate training patterns, are nonalgorithmic. The major disadvantage of such processors is that the number of training patterns is large, leading to large, possibly unrealizable, associative memory requirements, and because the patterns are nonorthogonal and there are imperfections in the physical devices, some of the thus generated results may be in error. Using different classification and error-correcting schemes, the adverse features of an LAM are controlled.
Autofluorescence spectroscopy of normal and malignant esophageal epithelium cells. (2004)

Autofluorescence of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and normal esophageal epithelial cells are compared. Spectral distribution is similar but a statistical significant difference is observed between the average intensity of the different cell types.
Shaping Quantum Photonic States Using Free Electrons (2021)

It is a long-standing goal to create light with unique quantum properties such as squeezing and entanglement. We propose the generation of quantum light using free-electron interactions, going beyond their already ubiquitous use in generating classical light. This concept is motivated by developments in electron microscopy, which recently demonstrated quantum free-electron interactions with light in photonic cavities. Such electron microscopes provide platforms for shaping quantum states of light through a judicious choice of the input light and electron states. Specifically, we show how electron energy combs implement photon displacement operations, creating displaced-Fock and displaced-squeezed states. We develop the theory for consecutive electron-cavity interactions with a common cavity and show how to generate any target Fock state. Looking forward, exploiting the degrees of freedom of electrons, light, and their interaction may achieve complete control over the quantum state of the generated light, leading to novel light statistics and correlations.
Correction of Unilateral Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity in Preschool and School-Aged Children with Refined Reverse-U Incision and V-Y Plasty: Long-Term Follow-Up Results (2006)

These results suggest that the reverse-U incision and V-Y plasty are useful methods for creating symmetry of the nostrils in cases of cleft lip nasal deformities. In addition, they are recommended for a slight overcorrection of the cleft lip nasal deformity in preschool and school-aged children.
A novel field‐sequential blue‐phase‐mode AMLCD (2012)

Abstract— Through the realization of a blue‐phase‐mode (hereinafter, the operational mode of liquid crystal having a blue phase is referred to as a blue‐phase mode), a display using an improved field‐sequential method was confirmed to be capable of display at a frame rate of 180 fps (field frequency of 540 Hz) or higher. Under this condition, an image without annoyance caused by color breakup was obtained. Moreover, a novel field‐sequential AMLCD integrated with a scan driver by combining the liquid‐crystal‐display (LCD) technology using blue phase and oxide‐semiconductor technology has been developed.
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Primary and Secondary Sjögren Syndrome (2018)

Our findings support our hypothesis and show that individuals with pSS, sSS + SLE, and sSS + RA have MGD. In addition, our study indicates that patients with pSS and sSS have both aqueous-deficient and evaporative DED.
A regulatory code for neurogenic gene expression in theDrosophilaembryo (2004)

Bioinformatics methods have identified enhancers that mediate restricted expression in the Drosophila embryo. However, only a small fraction of the predicted enhancers actually work when tested in vivo. In the present study, co-regulated neurogenic enhancers that are activated by intermediate levels of the Dorsal regulatory gradient are shown to contain several shared sequence motifs. These motifs permitted the identification of new neurogenic enhancers with high precision: five out of seven predicted enhancers direct restricted expression within ventral regions of the neurogenic ectoderm. Mutations in some of the shared motifs disrupt enhancer function, and evidence is presented that the Twist and Su(H) regulatory proteins are essential for the specification of the ventral neurogenic ectoderm prior to gastrulation. The regulatory model of neurogenic gene expression defined in this study permitted the identification of a neurogenic enhancer in the distant Anopheles genome. We discuss the prospects for deciphering regulatory codes that link primary DNA sequence information with predicted patterns of gene expression.
Complete arterial myocardial revascularization using the right gastroepiploic artery and both internal thoracic arteries as pedicled grafts. (1995)

To achieve complete arterial myocardial revascularization without vein grafts, the right gastroepiploic artery and both internal thoracic arteries were used as pedicled grafts in 105 patients from March 1989 to July 1994. There were 101 male and 4 female patients, with a mean age of 51 years (range 32 to 65 years). Three-vessels disease was present in all patients. Six patients underwent previous bypass procedures with the use of vein grafts. A total of 363 distal anastomosis (108 with the right gastroepiploic artery, 255 with both internal thoracic arteries) were constructed. The mean number of distal anastomoses was 3.4. There was no hospital mortality. Seven patients required a rethoracotomy: 5 because of post-operative signs of ischemia, 2 because of bleeding. In one patient a splenectomy had to be performed because of bleeding. A new Q wave was noted in 2 patients. Follow-up averaged 21 months (range 1 to 67 months). Ninety nine (95%) of the patients were in NYHA class I, 6 (5%) in class II. No late complications were noted. We conclude that, complete myocardial revascularization using the right gastroepiploic artery in combination with both internal thoracic arteries as pedicled grafts can be achieved in selected patients with excellent mid term results.
Predatory Pricing (1987)

It has long been part of the popular folklore of business that firms sometimes engage in predatory actions against their competitors. For example, a firm might cut its price so low in some local market where it faces competition that neither the firm nor its competitor can earn a profit there. Such price-cutting would be called ‘predatory’ (by some) because it is inconsistent with shortrun profit maximization by the firm and it appears to benefit the firm in the long run only by bankrupting or otherwise weakening its rival. Of course, predatory actions are not limited to pricing decisions – for example, a choice of store locations by a grocery chain too near its competitors could be predatory – but our discussion in this short note will focus on predatory pricing and the theoretical controversy surrounding it.
A New Model for Nonlocal Advection. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Temperature dependence of the quantum efficiency in green light emitting diode dies (2007)

Abstract The electroluminescence of GaInN/GaN multiple quantum well light‐emitting diode dies is analyzed at variable low temperatures. We compare the external quantum efficiency of three dies of nominally identical structure but strongly different RT performance at 520 nm. For all dies, the external quantum efficiency increases as the temperature is lowered. A maximum is reached for all near 158 K while for lower temperatures as low as 7.7 K, the efficiency continuously drops. The low‐temperature efficiency is the lowest for the highest performing die at RT. The peak energy exhibits a blue shift from RT to 158 K followed by a red shift for lower temperatures. In the same low‐temperature range, a secondary emission peak appears near 390 nm that resembles a donor‐acceptor pair transition. The pronounced efficiency maximum is tentatively assigned to competition of carrier transport properties and the non‐radiative lifetime in the active region. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comprehensive study and design of scaled metal/high-k/Ge gate stacks with ultrathin aluminum oxide interlayers (2015)

Advanced metal/high-k/Ge gate stacks with a sub-nm equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) and improved interface properties were demonstrated by controlling interface reactions using ultrathin aluminum oxide (AlOx) interlayers. A step-by-step in situ procedure by deposition of AlOx and hafnium oxide (HfOx) layers on Ge and subsequent plasma oxidation was conducted to fabricate Pt/HfO2/AlOx/GeOx/Ge stacked structures. Comprehensive study by means of physical and electrical characterizations revealed distinct impacts of AlOx interlayers, plasma oxidation, and metal electrodes serving as capping layers on EOT scaling, improved interface quality, and thermal stability of the stacks. Aggressive EOT scaling down to 0.56 nm and very low interface state density of 2.4 × 1011 cm−2eV−1 with a sub-nm EOT and sufficient thermal stability were achieved by systematic process optimization.
Reject me (2012)

The HCI research community grows bigger each year, refining and expanding its boundaries in new ways. The ability to effectively review submissions is critical to the growth of CHI and related conferences. The review process is designed to produce a consistent supply of fair, high-quality reviews without overloading individual reviewers; yet, after each cycle, concerns are raised about limitations of the process. Every year, participants are left wondering why their papers were not accepted (or why they were). This SIG will explore reviewing through a critical and constructive lens, discussing current successes and future opportunities in the CHI review process. Goals will include actionable conclusions about ways to improve the system, potential alternative peer models, and the creation of materials to educate newcomer reviewers.
Antibody therapy reverses biological signatures of COVID-19 progression (2021)

Abstract Understanding who is at risk of progression to severe COVID-19 is key to effective treatment. We studied correlates of disease severity in the COMET-ICE clinical trial that randomized 1:1 to placebo or to sotrovimab, a monoclonal antibody for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several laboratory parameters identified study participants at greater risk of severe disease, including a high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a negative SARS-CoV-2 serologic test and whole blood transcriptome profiles. Sotrovimab treatment in these groups was associated with normalization of NLR and the transcriptomic profile, and with a decrease of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal samples. Transcriptomics provided the most sensitive detection of participants who would go on to be hospitalized or die. To facilitate timely measurement, we identified a 10-gene signature with similar predictive accuracy. In summary, we identified markers of risk for disease progression and demonstrated that normalization of these parameters occurs with antibody treatment of established infection.
Integration of transcriptomes analysis with spectral signature of total RNA for generation of affordable remote sensing of Hepatocellular carcinoma in serum clinical specimens (2021)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global health problem with about 841,000 new cases and 782,000 deaths annually, due to lacking early biomarker/s, and centralized diagnosis. Transcriptomes research despite its infancy has proved excellence in its implementation in identifying a coherent specific cancer RNAs differential expression. However, results are sometimes overlapped by other cancer types which negatively affecting specificity, plus the high cost of the equipment used. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an advanced tool with unique, spectroscopic features, is an emerging tool that has widely been used in cancer detection. Herein, a pilot study has been performed for HCC diagnosis, by exploiting HIS properties and the analysis of the transcriptome for the development of non-invasive remote HCC sensing. HSI data cube images of the sera extracted total RNA have been analyzed in HCC, normal subject, liver benign tumor, and chronic HCV with cirrhotic/non-cirrhotic liver groups. Data analyses have revealed a specific spectral signature for all groups and can be easily discriminated; at the computed optimum wavelength. Moreover, we have developed a simple setup based on a commercial laser pointer for sample illumination and a Smartphone CCD camera, with HSI consistent data output. We hypothesized that RNA differential expression and its spatial organization/folding are the key players in the obtained spectral signatures. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to use HSI for sensing cancer based on total RNA in serum, using a Smartphone CCD camera/laser pointer. The proposed biosensor is simple, rapid (2 min), and affordable with specificity and sensitivity of more than 98% and high accuracy.
Homologous Adaptation to Oxidative Stress Induced by the Photosensitized Pd-bacteriochlorophyll Derivative (WST11) in Cultured Endothelial Cells (2004)

Various forms of cellular stress induce adaptive responses through poorly understood mechanisms. In maintaining homeostasis, endothelial cells respond and adapt to changes in oxidative stress that prevail in the circulation. Endothelial cells are also the target of many oxidative stress-based vascular therapies. The objectives of this study were to determine whether endothelial cells adapt to oxidative stress induced upon the photosensitization of WST11 (a water-soluble Pd-bacteriochlorophyll derivative being developed as a photodynamic agent) and to study possible cellular mechanisms involved. The hallmark of WST11-based photodynamic therapy is the in situ generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species causing vascular shutdown, hypoxia, and tumor eradication. Here we demonstrated that photodynamic therapy also induces adaptive responses and tolerance following a sublethal preconditioning of endothelial cells with the same (homologous) or different (heterologous) stressor. A link among p38 MAPK activity, expression of hsp70 and hsp27, and homologous adaptation to reactive oxygen species induced by photosensitized WST11 was established. In addition to characterization of some key proteins involved, our observations provide a beneficial new working tool for the studies of mechanisms involved in oxidative stress and adaptation using light-controlled photosensitization.
Scaling trends and performance evaluation of 2-dimensional polarity-controllable FETs (2017)

Two-dimensional semiconducting materials of the transition-metal-dichalcogenide family, such as MoS<sub>2</sub> and WSe<sub>2</sub>, have been intensively investigated in the past few years, and are considered as viable candidates for next-generation electronic devices. In this paper, for the first time, we study scaling trends and evaluate the performances of polarity-controllable devices realized with undoped mono- and bi-layer 2D materials. Using ballistic self-consistent quantum simulations, it is shown that, with the suitable channel material, such polarity-controllable technology can scale down to 5 nm gate lengths, while showing performances comparable to the ones of unipolar, physically-doped 2D electronic devices.
Supplementary Figures 1-3 from An Antagonist of Dishevelled Protein-Protein Interaction Suppresses β-Catenin–Dependent Tumor Cell Growth (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-3 from An Antagonist of Dishevelled Protein-Protein Interaction Suppresses β-Catenin–Dependent Tumor Cell Growth
Developmental language disorders: evidence for a basic processing deficit. (1993)

Although there is still some disagreement whether developmental reading and language disorders are neurologically based, recent research provides increasing evidence that these disorders may be due to both abnormal cerebral lateralization patterns and neurological pathology at the cellular level. Technological advances in the field of neuroscience have led to increasing knowledge about brain-behavior relationships, particularly in the area of higher cognitive functions. Hypotheses about the underlying causes of the functional deficits characterizing developmental language and reading disorders are now focusing on specific neurological processing mechanisms, the disruption of which may be at the heart of these disorders.