gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Point-of-Care Biomarker Assay for Rapid Multiplexed Detection of CRP and IP-10 (2023)

Abstract Rapid and accurate measurements of immune protein markers are essential for diagnosis and treatment in all clinical settings. The recent pandemic has revealed a stark need for developing new tools and assays that could be rapidly used in diverse settings and provide useful information to clinicians. Here, we describe the development and test application of a novel one-step CRP/IP-10 duplex assay for the LightDeck platform capable of delivering reproducible and accurate measurements in under eight minutes. We used the optimized assay to measure CRP and IP-10 levels in human blood and serum samples from healthy, COVID-19-positive, and influenza-like illness (ILI) presenting patients. Our results agreed with previously published analyte levels and enabled us to make statistically significant comparisons relevant to multiple clinical parameters. Our duplex assay is a simple and powerful tool for aiding diagnostic decisions in diverse settings.
In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo tumor enhancement induced by mouse spleen cells autosensitized in vitro (1973)

Abstract The immuno‐reactivity of C57BL mouse spleen cells previously sensitized in vitro against syngeneic fibroblasts or syngeneic 3LL Lewis tumor cells was investigated. The sensitized spleen cells were assayed in vitro to test their cytotoxicity against the 3LL tumor cells. In addition, spleen cells autosensitized against syngeneic fibroblasts were mixed with 3LL tumor cells and injected into syngeneic recipient mice in order to ascertain their influence on tumor growth. The in vitro assay indicated that lymphoid cells specifically sensitized against either fibroblasts or tumor cells were equally cytotoxic against the 3LL target cells. On the other hand, in the in vivo experiments lymphoid cells sensitized against syngeneic fibroblasts promoted the growth of the 3LL tumor. An attempt to explain the underlying mechanisms involved in the paradoxical behavior of autosensitized lymphocytes is reported herein.
Experience with full system decontamination with the CORD process for decommissioning (1995)

A preceding Full System Decontamination (FSD) of NPPs, BWRs as well as PWRs, is a useful tool in connection with decommissioning tasks for the reduction of the personnel dose rates and the generation of material free for release. Furthermore, the minimization of the amount of waste generated by the CORD/UV process is a mayor advantage. The results of four FSDs of NPPs either for decommissioning or for further use will be presented. In addition the basic principles of the CORD/UV process are outlined.
Facilitators and Barriers to Uptake of Community-Based Diabetes Prevention Program Among Multi-Ethnic Asian Patients With Prediabetes (2022)

Identifying facilitators and barriers embedded in the COM-B will assist systematic program modifications to increase participation of individuals with prediabetes. How information about modifiable risk factors is communicated by physicians at the point of diagnosis and program introduction is key to participation. Co-locating programs with family activity, development of mHealth, readiness assessment, and tailored explanation of program purpose may increase participation. These findings will be used to guide future national interventions in the community to ensure successful implementation.
Piezoelectric properties of c-axis oriented Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films (1997)

Piezoelectric properties of the c-axis oriented Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films were investigated. The PZT films with a composition near the morphotropic phase boundary were epitaxially grown on (100)Pt-coated MgO substrates by rf-magnetron sputtering. The PZT films exhibited excellent ferroelectricity with a remanent polarization more than 50 μC/cm2. In order to examine intrinsic piezoelectric properties, cantilever structures were microfabricated with the PZT films. The piezoelectric coefficient d31 of PZT films, which were not subjected to poling treatments, was measured directly from the transverse expansion of the cantilever beams. The measurements revealed that the PZT films were naturally polarized and had a relatively large piezoelectric coefficient d31 of 100×10−12 m/V without poling.
Study on Wall Pore Structure for Next Generation Diesel Particulate Filter (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A wall flow diesel particulate filter (DPF) having a novel wall pore structure design for reducing backpressure, increasing robustness, and increasing filtration efficiency is presented. The filter offers a linear relationship between soot loading and backpressure, offering greater accuracy in estimating the amount of soot loading from backpressure. Basic experiments were performed on small plate test pieces having various pore structure designs. Soot generated by a Cast-2F propane burner having a controlled size distribution was used. Cold flow test equipment that was carefully designed for flow distribution and soot/air mixing was used for precise measurement of backpressure during soot loading. The upstream and downstream PM numbers were counted by Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) to determine soot concentration in the gas flow and filtration efficiency of the test pieces. Microscope observations of the soot trapped in the wall were also carried out. A dual-layer pore structure in which the gas inflow side of the wall is given a filtration layer having small pores and a high porosity (void ratio) was demonstrated to drastically improve the filtration efficiency, drastically reduce the backpressure with Particulate Matter (PM) accumulation, as well as provide a linear relationship between soot loading and backpressure. This structure allows the porosity of the both body components to be independently chosen because filtration and backpressure are not easily affected by the pore structure of the wall bodies, making the structure suitable for both robustness-oriented and continuous-regeneration oriented applications.&lt;/div&gt;
Overview of Single Frequency Multipoint Transmission Concepts for HSDPA and Performance Evaluation of Intra-Site Multiflow Aggregation Scheme (2012)

WCDMA based third generation networks are widely deployed and 3GPP is constantly seeking to evolve their performance. It is a well-known problem that reception quality degrades at cell edges. Multipoint transmission from two separate cells can be used to overcome this problem in single frequency deployments. In this paper we make an overview of several techniques for single frequency multipoint transmission, which are under consideration in 3GPP. This study presents the simulation results of Intra-site Multiflow Aggregation scheme where UEs can receive two independent transmissions from separate sectors. The performance of Type 3 and Type 3i receivers is also benchmarked in such scenario. Considerable improvement of radio network performance is demonstrated for users with Type 3i receivers on the borders of the cells without any sensible negative effect for all other users.
Molecular Design Approach Managing Molecular Orbital Superposition for High Efficiency without Color Shift in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2018)

Molecular design principles of thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters having a high quantum efficiency and a color tuning capability was investigated by synthesizing three TADF emitters with donors at different positions of a benzonitrile acceptor. The position rendering a large overlap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) enhances the quantum efficiency of the TADF emitter. Regarding the orbital overlap, donor attachments at 2- and 6-positions of the benzonitrile were more beneficial than 3- and 5-substitutions. Moreover, an additional attachment of a weak donor at the 4-position further increased the quantum efficiency without decreasing the emission energy. Therefore, the molecular design strategy of substituting strong donors at the positions allowing a large molecular orbital overlap and an extra weak donor is a good approach to achieve both high quantum efficiency and a slightly increased emission energy.
Improving plant growth through increasing nitrogen-use efficiency (2012)

Clear Language Research Summaries are a project of the Institute for Community Engaged Scholarship (ICES) at the University of Guelph. Project partners include the Business Development Office (BDO), SPARK Program at the University of Guelph, and Knowledge Mobilization Unit at York University. This project is part of the Pan-Canadian Research Impact Network. On the Web: www.csahs.uoguelph.ca/pps/clear_research
A Dynamic Solenoid Model for Fuel Injectors (2018)

The fuel injection system strongly affects the engine combustion phenomena which determines pollutant emissions, combustion noise and fuel efficiency. Many studies have shown the advantages of using small quantity and closely-spaced multiple injections per combustion cycle for emission reduction and fuel efficiency improvement. However, closely-spaced multiple injections using electromagnetic fuel injectors, which predominate in almost all gasoline engines, are challenging, as there is residual energy (flux) in the injector coil when the injector is re-energized. The residual flux causes over-fueling in the subsequent injection event resulting in unacceptable injection instability. In this paper, we develop a simple and highly accurate dynamic model of a solenoid in electromagnetic fuel injectors to predict the residual energy/flux. Eddy current effect and magnetic saturation are considered to model the transient behavior of flux. The model parameters are derived from physical variables, which render the model easy to tune/calibrate. The predicted flux from the model showed very good agreement with experimental results over typical fuel injection profiles. The model is an enabler for model based fuel injector control to achieve accurate fuel metering in closely space multiple injection applications. The method is also applicable to solenoid in other applications, e.g., solenoid actuators in robotics, variable force solenoid in clutch systems, and so on.
Joint compensation of IQ imbalance and frequency offset in OFDM systems (2004)

Zero-IF receivers are gaining interest because of their potential to enable low-cost OFDM terminals. However, zero-IF receivers introduce IQ imbalance which may have a huge impact on the performance. Rather than increasing design time or component cost to decrease the IQ unbalance, an alternative is to tolerate the IQ imbalance and compensate it digitally. Current solutions require extra analog hardware or converge too slowly for bursty communication. Moreover, the tremendous impact of a frequency offset on the IQ estimation/compensation problem is not considered. In this paper, we analyze the joint IQ imbalance-frequency offset estimation and propose a low-cost, highly effective, all-digital compensation scheme. For large IQ imbalance (/spl isin/ = 10%, /spl Delta//spl phi/ = 10/spl deg/) and large frequency offsets, our solution results in an average implementation loss below 0.5 dB. It therefore enables the design of low-cost, low-complexity OFDM receivers.
T cells and adaptive immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans (2015)

The adaptive immune response mediated by T cells is critical for control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection in humans. However, the M. tuberculosis antigens and host T-cell responses that are required for an effective adaptive immune response to M. tuberculosis infection are yet to be defined. Here, we review recent findings on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses to M. tuberculosis infection and examine the roles of distinct M. tuberculosis-specific T-cell subsets in control of de novo and latent M. tuberculosis infection, and in the evolution of T-cell immunity to M. tuberculosis in response to tuberculosis treatment. In addition, we discuss recent studies that elucidate aspects of M. tuberculosis-specific adaptive immunity during human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and summarize recent findings from vaccine trials that provide insight into effective adaptive immune responses to M. tuberculosis infection.
<title>Spatio-spectral tomography of luminescent objects with volume holograms</title> (1999)

Volume holograms as optical imaging elements provide maximum flexibility in the design of the optical response. For example, when a polychromatic incoherent object illuminates a spherical-reference volume hologram, the shift selectivity effect extracts only a color-dependent slice of the object, which is reconstructed on a planar detector. In this presentation we characterize the performance (resolution and dynamic range) of a tomographic imaging system based on this effect.
Physiologic Regulation of Postovulatory Neutrophil Migration into Vagina in Mice by a C-X-C Chemokine(s) (1998)

Leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, infiltrate into female genital organs after ovulation in both humans and mice. In mice, a female sexual cycle consists of 5 phases: proestrus, estrus, metestrus-1, metestrus-2, and diestrus. Ovulation occurs at estrus; at metestrus-2, a large number of neutrophils infiltrate into the vaginal epithelium accompanied by an increased neutrophil number in vaginal lavage fluid. Concomitantly, concentrations of a functional IL-8 homologue, murine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, were increased significantly in vaginal lavage fluid at metestrus-2 as compared with other phases. On the contrary, MIP-2 was not detected in plasma during the whole course of a sexual cycle. Moreover, immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that MIP-2 protein expression was prominent at the upper layer of the vaginal epithelium at metestrus-2, in contrast to a marginal staining in the vaginal epithelium at proestrus and estrus. These results suggest that a C-X-C chemokine, MIP-2, was produced physiologically in the vaginal epithelium in a sexual cycle-dependent manner. Furthermore, the administration of neutralizing anti-IL-8R homologue Abs at proestrus abrogated leukocyte infiltration into the vagina at metestrus. However, anti-MIP-2 Abs reduced leukocyte influx at metestrus by approximately 50%. Thus, a murine IL-8 homologue, MIP-2, and its related molecules physiologically regulate neutrophil migration into the vagina in a sexual cycle-dependent manner.
Refinement of Monte Carlo simulations of electron–specimen interaction in low-voltage SEM (2008)

A Monte Carlo tool is presented for the simulation of secondary electron (SE) emission in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tool is based on the Geant4 platform of CERN. The modularity of this platform makes it comparatively easy to add and test individual physical models. Our aim has been to develop a flexible and generally applicable tool, while at the same time including a good description of low-energy (<50 eV) interactions of electrons with matter. To this end we have combined Mott cross-sections with phonon-scattering based cross-sections for the elastic scattering of electrons, and we have adopted a dielectric function theory approach for inelastic scattering and generation of SEs. A detailed model of the electromagnetic fields from an actual SEM column has been included in the tool for ray tracing of secondary and backscattered electrons. Our models have been validated against experimental results through comparison of the simulation results with experimental yields, SE spectra and SEM images. It is demonstrated that the resulting simulation package is capable of quantitatively predicting experimental SEM images and is an important tool in building a deeper understanding of SEM imaging.
Raman/SEM Chemical Imaging of a Residual Gallium Phase in a Mixed Oxide Feed Surrogate (2000)

An integrated analytical approach, which combines elemental [scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS)] and molecular (Raman) chemical imaging techniques, has been utilized for the characterization of a residual phase of gallium in mixed oxide (MOX) surrogate material. Surrogate MOX materials are comprised of CeO 2 in place of PuO 2 . In real MOX materials, PuO 2 is mixed with UO 2 as a commercial fuel source. A Ga phase remains in the surrogate sample following reductive heating experiments designed to explore the removal of gallium from weapons-grade plutonium. The SEM/EDS data reveal the concentration of Ga within the grain boundaries of the sample and a distribution of Ce and O throughout the sample matrix. Molecular analysis provided by Raman chemical matrix imaging correlates with the SEM/EDS elemental imaging results. Specifically, the Raman data suggest that the matrix is comprised of CeO 2 and grain boundaries are a mixed phase comprised of CeO 2 with a form of Ga, most likely a CeGaO3 perovskite phase having a cubic structure.
Development of high strength steels with high press formability and fatigue property (2018)

High strength steels with good press formability and high fatigue strength were developed by NSSMC. They are hot-rolled steels of tensile strength grade of 590-780 MPa. They have high elongation and fatigue property as DP steels, and have higher hole expansion ratio than the DP steels and conventional HSLA steels. In this study, press formed automotive parts made from the developed steels were compared with those by using the DP steels and the conventional HSLA steels. To compare the press formability, the steels were pressed into lower-arms by bend flange with a pad method. Height of flange was changed to control the effort required for the press forming. In the case of flange height of 14.5mm, the developed steels were able to be formed without cracks. However, there were some cracks when the DP steels and the conventional HSLA steels were used. Since the cracks were initiated at the region where stretch-flangeability was needed, the developed steels are thought to be applicable to the parts which require high stretch-flangeability. To compare the fatigue strength, plane bending fatigue tests and coaxial low cycle fatigue tests were conducted. The plane bending fatigue tests showed that fatigue strength of the DP steels and the developed steels were superior to those of the conventional HSLA steels between 104 to 107 cycles. Low cycle fatigue tests indicated that although the conventional HSLA steels exhibited fatigue softening, the DP steels and the developed steels showed fatigue hardening.
Fabrication and characterization of the ZnO-based Memristor (2012)

This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of ZnO-based Memristor devices with Platinum (Pt) electrodes. Properties of ZnO/ZnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> strongly depends upon the sputtering conditions and heat treatment (annealing) done by rapid thermal process (RTP). Annealing creates the vacancies which provide hysteresis or in other words memory in I-V characteristics of the device. Experimental results show high current density 0.015μA/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> /R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ratio of 2.5 is achieved with Pt electrode. This paper also presents C-V behaviour of the fabricated Memristor without annealing and with annealing. Maximum value of the capacitance is 5.7×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> F/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> obtained at 0V without annealing. With annealed Memristor, the maximum capacitance 2.3×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> F/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is obtain at 0V.
Spin trapping in heterogeneous electron transfer processes (1982)

An overview of applications of spin trapping to electrochemical investigations is presented. Cited studies include characteriza­tions of primary electrode reaction products (e.g., electrooxidations of hal.ide and pseudohalide species, electroreduction of N-methylpyridinium ion) as well as the identification of transient intermediates arising from homogeneous reactions which are electroinitiated. The validity of spatially resolved spin trapping as a probe in the investigation of interfacial processes is demonstrated with examples drawn both from the previously reported co valent attachment of nitrone derived spin traps to silaceous surfaces and from recent studies of spin trapping in micelle and vesicle systems. Amphiphilic nitrone spin traps have been shown to coassemble with both micelles and vesicles such that the nitrone functionality resides in the interfacial region of the ordered system. The ability of these interfacially localized nitrones to trap transient radicals generated both in the hydrophobic domain of the micelle or vesicle and in the aqueous exterior domain is demonstrated.
Ca2+-binding protein of the human placenta. Characterization, immunohistochemical localization and functional involvement in Ca2+ transport (1985)

The Ca2+-binding protein (HCaBP) of the human placenta was studied with respect to its biochemical properties, tissue and cellular distribution, and possible involvement in placental Ca2+ transport. Optimal Ca2+ binding by the HCaBP occurs at pH 7-8 and in 100 mM-Na+ and 3 mM-Ca2+. The HCaBP possesses at least 10 Ca2+-binding sites with a Kd of 5 X 10(-6) M ([Ca2+]). Highly specific rabbit-derived anti-HCaBP antibodies were used for HCaBP immunoquantification and immunohistochemistry, which revealed that the HCaBP is localized in the chorionic villi and is primarily associated with the trophoblastic cells of the placenta. In addition, an 'in vitro' cell-free assay system for Ca2+ uptake was constructed with microsomal membranes isolated from term placental tissues. Ca2+ uptake by the placental microsomal fraction exhibited characteristics indicative of active Ca2+ transport such as temperature-dependence, saturability and energetic requirement. In this system, preincubation of microsomal membranes with anti-HCaBP antibodies inhibited Ca2+ uptake, suggesting that the HCaBP is functionally involved in placental membrane Ca2+ uptake.
Ni- and Co-Based Superalloys and their Coatings (2018)

Nickel- and Cobalt-based superalloys are state-of-the art materials for the manufacturing of components in the hottest sections of aero-engines and land-based power generation gas turbines. [...]
Magnet-Less Circulator Using AlN MEMS Filters and CMOS RF Switches (2019)

A circulator with three ports allows unidirectional (or non-reciprocal) power transmission and facilitates the development of in-band full duplexers for simultaneous transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) applications. The use of ferromagnetic materials is the dominant approach for the implementation of circulators despite they are bulky and non-integrable with semiconductor electronics. Here, we present a novel magnetic-free electrical circulator using CMOS-integrable filters based on AlN MEMS resonators and CMOS RF switches. This paper describes a compact approach for a circulator that could be used in handheld devices. To break reciprocity, the AlN MEMS filter network is parametrically modulated via a switching matrix. The modulation frequency and duty cycle of the switching matrix were optimized experimentally so that the circulator can provide up to 15dB of isolation over the entire filter bandwidth. This prototype is a very compact solution for the implementation of magnetic-free circulators, which also intrinsically offer sharp pass-band filtering, thus eliminating the need for additional filters. The discussion highlights how possible paths to reduce the circulator insertion loss would make this approach more appealing for a broad range of applications.