gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Background Compensation of Frequency Interleaved DAC for Optical Transceivers (2021)

This work proposes a novel adaptive background compensation scheme for frequency interleaved digital-to-analog converters (FI-DACs). The technique is applicable to high speed transceivers such as those used in coherent optical communications. Adaptive background techniques for FI-DAC have not been reported so far. They can compensate errors caused by process, voltage, and temperature variations in the technology (e.g., CMOS, SiGe) implementation of the data converters, and therefore ensure high manufacturing yield. Background compensation is important because it does not need to interrupt the normal operation of the transceiver. The key ingredients of the proposed technique are a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equalizer and the backpropagation algorithm used to adapt the coefficients of the latter. Simulations show more than 20dB of signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) improvement because of the accurate compensation. Analog mismatch impact elimination is achieved, resulting in a high performance transmitter system.
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-9, Tables 2-6 from EZH2-Mediated Concordant Repression of Wnt Antagonists Promotes β-Catenin–Dependent Hepatocarcinogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-9, Tables 2-6 from EZH2-Mediated Concordant Repression of Wnt Antagonists Promotes β-Catenin–Dependent Hepatocarcinogenesis
Structural, morphological and magnetotransport properties of composite semiconducting and semimetallic InAs/GaSb superlattice structure (2020)

(a) Cross-sectional TEM micrograph of 14 period InAs/GaSb SL, demonstrating abrupt interfaces; and (b) Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations testifying high mobility.
Acute inflammatory and immunologic responses against antigen in chronic bird-related hypersensitivity pneumonitis (2019)

This study demonstrated the exposure to the causative antigen provoked acute neutrophilic and Th1 immunologic responses similar to acute HP even in the chronic phase of HP.
An ultrasound based method for measuring multiple velocity components in opaque macro and micro flows (2004)

We report here on the development of an ultrasound-based particle image velocimetry (PIV) system for measurement of multiple velocity components in opaque flows. The method takes advantage of the non-linear backscatter characteristics of small (1-5 /spl mu/) gas-filled microbubbles used as markers of flow trajectories. PIV algorithms, modified for use with ultrasound data, are applied to calculate the local velocity vector. Preliminary data from in vitro and in vivo studies are presented. The method should be useful for a variety of fluid diagnostics applications where optical access (as is required for conventional PIV techniques) is not available. This includes biomedical imaging and MEMS micro-fluidic applications.
Evaluating the impact of the genitourinary multidisciplinary tumour board: Should every cancer patient be discussed as standard of care? (2018)

Routine discussion of all urologic oncology cases at MTB led to a change in treatment plan in 17.8% of patients. Physicians cannot reliably predict which patients have their treatment plan altered. Selectively choosing patients to be presented likely undervalues the impact of a multidisciplinary approach to care.
Crystallographic wing tilt in laterally overgrown GaN (2003)

Thin uncoalesced gallium nitride (GaN) layers grown on Si(111) by maskless cantilever epitaxy (CE) have been investigated using high resolution x-ray diffraction at variable temperatures. The crystallographic tilt of the free-hanging wings relative to the stripe regions of the samples was determined for different temperatures. With increased temperature the wing tilt decreased non-linearly and seemed to approach a constant value at higher temperatures. The wing tilts of two samples differing at room temperature by one order of magnitude were found to vary by less than 20% between 300 and 1020 K. This suggests that the main part of the crystallographic wing tilt is not thermally induced for samples grown with the CE technique.
Effects of ribonucleic acid removal methods on proteolytic activity and protein solubility in Candida utilis (1979)

Abstract Candida utilis was grown under controlled conditions and nucleic acids were removed from whole cells and homogenates by alkaline hydrolysis techniques, en‐zymatic methods, and washing with buffer. Homogenization released hydrolytic enzymes and proteolytic activity increased with incubation at elevated temperatures under acidic conditions. Slight proteolysis occurred in all incubated samples and this may contribute to protein insolubilization. Very little protein was lost during incu‐bation when compared to similar processes using bakers' yeast. This can be due to lower levels of protease activities in C. utilis . Alkaline hydrolysis methods resulted in hydrolysis of some proteins and irreversible insolubilization of the protein. These methods also destroyed any residual enzymatic activities. Heat denaturation studies suggest that protein insolubilization occurs at neutral pH when heat treatments equivalent to or greater than 85° C for 15 min are used. SDS‐PAGE methods were used to characterize and monitor changes in protein. Eighteen proteins and/or sub‐units were present at levels of 1% or greater. Results may help to explain changesin functional properties of sample preparations which accompany RNA removal.
A Low-Power Wideband Receiver Front-End for NB-IoT Applications (2020)

A low-power wideband receiver front-end is proposed for the narrow-band internet of things (NB-IoT) wireless standard to cover frequency bands from 0.6GHz to 1.4GHz. The front-end receiver integrates a programmable gain quadrature RF-to-baseband (BB) current-reuse receiver (CRR) architecture using conventional double-balanced passive-mixer with 25% duty-cycle local oscillator (LO) followed by a passive polyphase filter (PPF), high pass filter (HPF), programmable gain gm-C filter and RC-low pass filter (LPF). Low-power consumption is achieved by employing RF-to-BB CRR that shares a single supply with a wideband transconductor and a transimpedance amplifier (TIA). Moreover, power consumption is reduced by employing a single path PPF and gm-C filter to attenuate the blocker frequency at 7.5MHz above the intermediate frequency (IF). The proposed architecture is post-layout simulated in TSMC 130-nm CMOS technology. It achieves a voltage gain of 59.4dB, a noise figure (NF) of 4.9dB and a out-of-band IIP3 of -34.2dBm at 900MHz while consuming 1.8mW from a 1.2V supply at the maximum gain setting. In addition, the input matching covers several NB-IoT frequency-bands.
Unsupervised self-organizing adaptive fuzzy controller (USOAFC) (2003)

Supervised adaptive fuzzy controllers have good learning capability. The main problem is the ability to obtain an an on-line input/output data pattern to achieve the required characteristics. A proposed solution is the design of on-line unsupervised controller that has self-tuning and self-constructing features. A controller with these characteristics is capable of handling a wide band of instability, non-linearity, ambiguity and complexity included in systems. This research develops an unsupervised Self-Tuning Adaptive Controller (USOAFC). USOAFC is a novel idea for designing a controller. USOAFC is suitable for on-line applications. USOAFC starts with some rules. USOAFC sets out to construct the necessary rules required to drive systems to achieve the required performance. USOAFC also has the ability to tune the existing rule. USOAFC is able to deal with the ambiguity, uncertainty and instability of systems. USOAFC is simple to understand and easy to apply to many processes.
Hair Stimulation with Pulsed Electric Fields (2015)

PURPOSE: Alopecia affects more than half of the population worldwide.1 Current therapeutic options including minoxidil and finasteride are minimally effective, expensive, and require daily use to avoid recurrent alopecia. Hair transplantation is expensive, minimally effective, and leads to donor site morbidity. Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) create transient vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation. We have evidence that PEF stimulate hair follicles and we hypothesize that this stimulation shifts the hair cycle from resting telogen to active anagen. The objective of this study is to prove that PEF stimulate hair growth in a dose-dependent manner, and to optimize treatment parameters. METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats were shaved and treated with PEF using two 1cm2-contact electrodes. Three treatment and three control sites were tattooed onto the dorsum of each rat. Following the taguchi experimental design, a range of low-dose parameters were investigated: 30, 90, 270-Volts; 100, 300, 900-pulses; and 10, 90, 270us pulse length. Animals were euthanized 1-month after treatment and tissue was harvested for histological analysis. The percent of anagen follicles per treatment site was calculated. Taguchi analysis was performed to rank parameters. RESULTS: We prove that PEF shift the hair cycle from telogen to anagen, resulting in dense patches of hair. The optimal dose tested was 270V, 300pulses, and 270us pulse length duration, which induced a 5.05-fold increase in anagen follicles at treated sites as compared to controls. Treated sites demonstrated 45.55±18.07% of follicles in anagen, contrasting 9.02±6.00% of follicles in the anagen phase at control sites (p=0.0008). A dose response was demonstrated among the tested parameters. Additionally, the taguchi analysis generated the following rank: voltage, pulse length, and number of pulses, demonstrating that voltage has the greatest effect on anagen stimulation. Digital photography correlated with histological findings, revealing defined patches of hair at treated sites distinctly contrasting untreated skin (Figure 1).Figure 1: Gross photography of control vs. PEF-treated sites with corresponding histology. Dense patches of well-demarcated hair growth at treated sites with increased anagen follicles as compared to controls.CONCLUSION: PEF shifted hair follicles from resting telogen to active anagen, and voltage was the most influential parameter. A single treatment at 270V, 300pulses, and 270us pulse length, lead to a 5.05-fold increase in anagen follicles at treated sites. Additional studies are needed to evaluate duration of results, effect of multiple treatments, and mechanism of action. In conclusion, we showed that low-dose PEF effectively stimulate hair follicles in a rat model.
Time-Resolved RNA SHAPE Chemistry (2008)

Selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) chemistry yields quantitative RNA secondary and tertiary structure information at single nucleotide resolution. SHAPE takes advantage of the discovery that the nucleophilic reactivity of the ribose 2'-hydroxyl group is modulated by local nucleotide flexibility in the RNA backbone. Flexible nucleotides are reactive toward hydroxyl-selective electrophiles, whereas constrained nucleotides are unreactive. Initial versions of SHAPE chemistry, which employ isatoic anhydride derivatives that react on the minute time scale, are emerging as the ideal technology for monitoring equilibrium structures of RNA in a wide variety of biological environments. Here, we extend SHAPE chemistry to a benzoyl cyanide scaffold to make possible facile time-resolved kinetic studies of RNA in approximately 1 s snapshots. We then use SHAPE chemistry to follow the time-dependent folding of an RNase P specificity domain RNA. Tertiary interactions form in two distinct steps with local tertiary contacts forming an order of magnitude faster than long-range interactions. Rate-determining tertiary folding requires minutes despite that no non-native interactions must be disrupted to form the native structure. Instead, overall folding is limited by simultaneous formation of interactions approximately 55 A distant in the RNA. Time-resolved SHAPE holds broad potential for understanding structural biogenesis and the conformational interconversions essential to the functions of complex RNA molecules at single nucleotide resolution.
Structure and Mechanism of the Influenza A M218–60 Dimer of Dimers (2015)

We report a magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR structure of the drug-resistant S31N mutation of M218-60 from Influenza A. The protein was dispersed in diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lipid bilayers, and the spectra and an extensive set of constraints indicate that M218-60 consists of a dimer of dimers. In particular, ∼280 structural constraints were obtained using dipole recoupling experiments that yielded well-resolved (13)C-(15)N, (13)C-(13)C, and (1)H-(15)N 2D, 3D, and 4D MAS spectra, all of which show cross-peak doubling. Interhelical distances were measured using mixed (15)N/(13)C labeling and with deuterated protein, MAS at ωr/2π = 60 kHz, ω0H/2π = 1000 MHz, and (1)H detection of methyl-methyl contacts. The experiments reveal a compact structure consisting of a tetramer composed of four transmembrane helices, in which two opposing helices are displaced and rotated in the direction of the membrane normal relative to a four-fold symmetric arrangement, yielding a two-fold symmetric structure. Side chain conformations of the important gating and pH-sensing residues W41 and H37 are found to differ markedly from four-fold symmetry. The rmsd of the structure is 0.7 Å for backbone heavy atoms and 1.1 Å for all heavy atoms. This two-fold symmetric structure is different from all of the previous structures of M2, many of which were determined in detergent and/or with shorter constructs that are not fully active. The structure has implications for the mechanism of H(+) transport since the distance between His and Trp residues on different helices is found to be short. The structure also exhibits two-fold symmetry in the vicinity of the binding site of adamantyl inhibitors, and steric constraints may explain the mechanism of the drug-resistant S31N mutation.
G2V and V2G operation 20 kW Battery Charger (2013)

This paper presents a bidirectional on-board battery charger for Electric Vehicles designed to perform both Grid to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle to Grid (V2G) operation. The charger can also operate with single or three-phase power grid connection, regulates the battery charging current and presents input unity power factor. A high frequency three-phase transformer has been included in the charger, this providing galvanic isolation.
A differential display strategy identifies Cryptic, a novel EGF-related gene expressed in the axial and lateral mesoderm during mouse gastrulation (1997)

We have developed a differential display screening approach to identify mesoderm-specific genes, relying upon the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro. Using this strategy, we have isolated a novel murine gene that encodes a secreted molecule containing a variant epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) motif. We named this gene Cryptic, based on its predicted protein sequence similarity with Cripto, which encodes an EGF-related growth factor. Based on their strong sequence similarities, we propose that Cryptic, Cripto, and the Xenopus FRL-1 gene define a new family of growth factor-like molecules, which we name the 'CFC' (Cripto, Frl-1, and Cryptic) family. Analysis of Cryptic expression by in situ hybridization shows that it is expressed during gastrulation in two spatial domains that correspond to the axial and lateral mesoderm. In the first domain of expression, Cryptic expression is progressively localized to the anterior primitive streak, the head process, and the node and notochordal plate. In the second domain, Cryptic expression is initially concentrated in the lateral region of the egg cylinder, and is later found circumferentially in the intermediate and lateral plate mesoderm. Furthermore, Cryptic expression can also be detected at the early head-fold stage in the midline neuroectoderm, and consequently is an early marker for the prospective floor plate of the neural tube. Expression of Cryptic ceases at the end of gastrulation, and has not been observed in later embryonic stages or in adult tissues. Thus, Cryptic encodes a putative signaling molecule whose expression suggests potential roles in mesoderm and/or neural patterning during gastrulation.
Catalytic Activity of Titania-Supported Core–Shell Fe3O4@Au Nano-Catalysts for CO Oxidation (2012)

In continuation of our previous work (J. Phys. Chem. Lett.2010, 1 (20), 3141 and J. Phys. Chem. C2010, 114 (45), 19194), Fe3O4@Au core–shell types of nanoparticles were prepared by coating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS; ∼4.9 nm) with a thin layer of gold (∼0.5 nm) and supported on microporous TiO2. To remove the ligands attached to nanoparticles, the catalyst was treated at 200, 300, 400, and 500 °C in either (a) a reducing atmosphere with H2/Ar or (b) an oxidizing atmosphere with O2/He. The synthesized nanoparticles and freshly prepared catalysts were characterized by HRTEM, which revealed that the size of the Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles was 5.34 ± 0.71 nm and that of Fe3O4@Au/TiO2 was 5.96 ± 0.71 nm. Fresh and pretreated catalysts were further characterized by temperature programmed reduction, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To test the activity of Fe3O4@Au/TiO2 catalysts, CO oxidation was performed over catalysts from 30 to 500 °C. Results showed that the catalyst treated with H2/Ar at 500 °C had a lower light-off temperature and the highest CO conversion (∼68%) at 300 °C; however, such a treatment also resulted in catalyst sintering, leading to a net increase in particle size to 7.87 ± 1.59 nm. The higher catalytic activity of the catalyst treated with H2 at 500 °C can be attributed to the copresence of Fe0 and Au0 in the catalyst, the complete removal of organic ligands from the catalyst surface, and possibly the synergistic interaction between Au and Fe.
A serial lectin approach to the mucin‐type O‐glycoproteome of Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells (2007)

Identification of mucin-type O-glycosylated proteins with known functions in model organisms like Drosophila could provide keys to elucidate functions of the O-glycan moiety and proteomic analyses of O-glycoproteins in higher eukaryotes remain a challenge due to structural heterogeneity and a lack of efficient tools for their specific isolation. Here we report a strategy to evaluate the O-glycosylation potential of the embryonal hemocyte-like Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cell line by expression of recombinant glycosylation probes derived from tandem repeats of the human mucin MUC1 or of the Drosophila salivary gland protein Sgs1. We obtained evidence that mucin-type O-glycosylation in S2 cells grown under serum-free conditions is restricted to the Tn-antigen (GalNAcalpha-Ser/Thr) and the T-antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha-Ser/Thr) and this structural homogeneity enables unique glycoproteomic strategies. We present a label-free strategy for the isolation, profiling and analysis of O-glycosylated proteins consisting of serial lectin affinity capture, 2-DE-based glycoprotein analysis by O-glycan specific mAbs and protein identification by MALDI-MS. Protein identity and O-glycosylation was confirmed by ESI-MS/MS with detection of diagnostic sugar oxonium-ion fragments. Using this strategy, we established 2-D reference maps and identified 21 secreted and intracellular mucin-type O-glycoproteins. Our results show that Drosophila S2 cells express O-glycoproteins involved in a wide range of biological functions including proteins of the extracellular matrix (Laminin gamma-chain, Peroxidasin and Glutactin), pathogen recognition proteins (Gnbp1), stress response proteins (Glycoprotein 93), secreted proteases (Matrix-metalloprotease 1 and various trypsin-like serine proteases), protease inhibitors (Serpin 27 A) and proteins of unknown function.
An Injection- and Frequency-Locked Loop for Reducing Phase Noise of Wideband Oscillators (2017)

High-performance microwave oscillators often exploit feedback loop methods such as those that involve a frequency-locked loop (FLL) or a self-injection-locked loop to improve phase noise. This paper proposes a novel injection- and frequency-locked loop (IFLL) for reducing phase noise of wideband oscillators, which uses an injection-locked oscillator instead of a high-gain amplifier and a variable phase shifter in the FLL to amplify and phase-shift the feedback signal. In this paper, the frequency domain analysis is presented to characterize the proposed IFLL and compared with the experimental results. Consequently, the oscillators that use the IFLL exhibit remarkable phase-noise reduction, which is 5.5-9.3 dB better than that achieved using conventional FLLs at 1-MHz offset frequency, over a wide tuning range of about 53%.
Asymptotic Analysis of Complex LASSO via Complex Approximate Message Passing (CAMP) (2013)

Recovering a sparse signal from an undersampled set of random linear measurements is the main problem of interest in compressed sensing. In this paper, we consider the case where both the signal and the measurements are complex-valued. We study the popular recovery method of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -regularized least squares or LASSO. While several studies have shown that LASSO provides desirable solutions under certain conditions, the precise asymptotic performance of this algorithm in the complex setting is not yet known. In this paper, we extend the approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm to solve the complex-valued LASSO problem and obtain the complex approximate message passing algorithm (CAMP). We then generalize the state evolution framework recently introduced for the analysis of AMP to the complex setting. Using the state evolution, we derive accurate formulas for the phase transition and noise sensitivity of both LASSO and CAMP. Our theoretical results are concerned with the case of i.i.d. Gaussian sensing matrices. Simulations confirm that our results hold for a larger class of random matrices.
Manual Specimen Retrieval Without a Pneumoperitoneum Preserving Device for Laparoscopic Live Donor Nephrectomy (2002)

Manual specimen retrieval after live donor nephrectomy allows shorter warm ischemia time, while saving the cost of an EndoCatch bag or pneumoperitoneum preserving device that would be used during hand assisted live donor nephrectomy. It was shown to be a safe method without increased donor morbidity.
Monitoreo flash de glucosa en el mundo real en México: mejorando los patrones con tecnología (2022)

Objetivo: Evaluar el uso del sistema flash de monitoreo de glucosa en Mxico, respecto a: a) frecuencia de determinaciones de glucosa; b) su asociacin con marcadores glucmicos, y c) su comparacin con lo observado a nivel mundial. Mtodos: Los resultados glucmicos se desidentificaron y se cargaron a una base de datos cuando los lectores de Freestyle Libre se conectaron a una computadora con internet. La informacin analizada comprendi 1,021,032 lectores a nivel mundial (incluyendo 4,972 lectores mexicanos). Se calcularon los parmetros glucmicos incluyendo hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c) estimada, tiempos arriba, abajo y en rango. Resultados: Los usuarios mexicanos tuvieron un promedio de 14.9 mediciones diarias vs. 13.2 a nivel mundial (p < 0.05). En Mxico, los grupos de determinaciones ms bajas y ms altas, en promedio 3.9 y 40.8 veces al da tuvieron una HbA1c estimada del 7.18 y 6.74%, respectivamente (p < 0.05). En ambas poblaciones, conforme aumentaba la frecuencia de determinaciones, aumentaba el tiempo en rango. En Mxico, el porcentaje de tiempo en rango aument del 65.0 al 68.4% (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: Los usuarios mexicanos tuvieron una mayor frecuencia de determinaciones que a nivel global. Similar a los hallazgos mundiales, a mayor frecuencia de determinaciones, mejor control glucmico.