gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of heavily doped buried layer implants on electrostatic discharge (ESD), latchup, and a silicon germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor in a BiCMOS SiGe technology (2004)

This paper will demonstrate the effect of heavily doped buried layers (HDBL) on electrostatic discharge protection, latchup, and silicon germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT). Heavily doped buried layers (HDBL) implants, in prior publications, have demonstrated improvements in latchup robustness in low-doped substrate wafer technology. The influence of HDBL on MOSFET ESD protection has also been demonstrated. In this paper, the focus is the influence of HDBL implants on BiCMOS SiGe HBT devices and derivatives from a functionality, ESD and latchup perspective in a BiCMOS SiGe technology as well as relevance to RF and MS CMOS technology. Experimental results will be shown for different heavily doped buried layer implant doses and energies.
<title>Wavelength-dispersive and filtering applications of volume holographic optical elements</title> (1991)

The recent development of highly efficient and highly transparent holographic materials such as dichromated gelatin and various types of photopolymers has stimulated several attractive wavelength dispersive and wavelength filtering applications for volume holographic optical elements in both reflection and transmission geometries. Within the class of uniform volume periodic holographic structures, we recognize dispersion-free Lippmann filters and dispersive slanted holographic structures (gratings). While the former is competitive with dielectric multilayers, the latter is comparable to surface-relief holographic and nonholographic gratings. Dispersion-free Lippmann filters are commonly represented by Raman filters, wavelength- selective IR mirrors, solar-control windows, XUV mirrors, and eye-protection rugate filters. On the other hand, dispersive slanted volume holographic structures have been most successful in the Littrow configuration and as quasi-Lippmann gratings used in WDM data links, as well as within holoplanar interconnects and TIR couplers for 3D optoelectronic processor. This paper presents recent developments of volume holographic optical elements in two areas of interest: holographic filters and gratings.
Electronic structure ofCaxC60fullerides (1992)

Photoemission and inverse photoemission studies of ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ films show insulating character for x3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3 as states derived primarily from the LUMO orbitals of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ are occupied. Metallic character is observed at higher Ca content as a second band of states is partially occupied. This band has mixed character since it is derived from the LUMO+1 orbitals of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ and the Ca s states. These states are responsible for superconductivity in ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{5}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$.
Complete isolation of the pulmonary veins and posterior left atrium in chronic atrial fibrillation. Long-term clinical outcome† (2007)

This study demonstrates the feasibility of complete posterior-LA exclusion by catheter ablation. This strategy results in maintenance of sinus rhythm in 63% at 2 years follow-up.
14N NMR determination of NH bond lengths in solids (1978)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. E. Stark, R. A. Haberkorn, R. G. Griffin; 14N NMR determination of NH bond lengths in solids. J. Chem. Phys. 15 February 1978; 68 (4): 1996–1997. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.435879 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Mycoparasitism of Acremonium strictum BCP on Botrytis cinerea, the gray mold pathogen. (2008)

A fungal strain BCP, which parasitizes Botrytis cinerea gray mold pathogen, was isolated and identified as Acremonium strictum. BCP strain overgrew the colonies of B. cinerea and caused severe lysis of the host hyphae. Frequent penetration and hyphal growth of A. strictum BCP inside the mycelia of B. cinerea were observed under light microscopy. In addition, some morphological abnormalities such as granulation and vacuolation of the cytoplasm were observed in mycelia and spores of B. cinerea. In dual culture test, A. strictum BCP strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of several plant pathogenic fungi as well as B. cinerea. To our knowledge, this is the first report on mycoparasitism of Acremonium species on B. cinerea.
Electron Confinement in Channel Spaces for One-Dimensional Electride (2015)

Electrides are characteristic of anionic electrons trapped at the structural voids in the host lattice. Electrides are potentially useful in various technological applications; however, electrides, particularly their inorganic subgroup, have been discovered only in limited material systems, notably zero-dimensional [Ca24Al28O64](4+):4e(-) and two-dimensional [Ca2N](+):e(-) and [Y2C](1.8+):1.8e(-). Here, on the basis of density functional theory calculations, we report the first one-dimensional (1D) electride with a [La8Sr2(SiO4)6](4+):4e(-) configuration, in which the four anionic electrons are confined in the channel spaces of the host material. According to this theoretical prediction, an insulator-semiconductor transition originating from electron confinement in the crystallographic channel sites was demonstrated experimentally, where 10.5% of the channel oxygen was removed by reacting an oxygen stoichiometric La8Sr2(SiO4)6O2 precursor with Ti metal at a high temperature. This study not only adds an unprecedented role to silicate apatite as a parent phase to a new 1D electride, but also, and more importantly, demonstrates an effective approach for developing new electrides with the assistance of computational design.
Transition-State Expansion: A Quantitative Model for Counterion Effects in Ionic Reactions (2020)

Ionic reactions are the most common reactions used in chemical synthesis. In relatively low dielectric constant solvents (e.g., dichloromethane, toluene), ions usually exist as ion pairs. Despite the importance of counterions, a quantitative description of how the paired 'counterion' affects the reaction kinetic is still elusive. We introduce a general and quantitative model, namely transition-state expansion (TSE), that describes how the size of a counterion affects the transition-state structure and the kinetics of an ionic reaction. This model could rationalize the counterion effects in nucleophilic substitutions and gold-catalyzed enyne cycloisomerizations.
Investigation of Amorphous IGZO TFT Employing Ti/Cu Source/Drain and SiNx Passivation (2011)

ABSTRACT We successfully fabricated a-IGZO TFTs employing a Ti/Cu source/drain (S/D) and SiNx passivation in order to reduce the line-resistance, as compared to most oxide TFTs that use Mo (or TCO) and SiO 2 for their S/D and passivation, respectively. Although passivated with SiNx, the TFT exhibits good transfer characteristics without a negative shift. However, the TFT employing a Mo S/D exhibited conductor-like characteristics when passivated with SiNx. Our investigation suggests that the IGZO oxygen vacancies found in the Ti/Cu S/D are controlled, resulting in low concentrations, and so prevent the SiNx-passivated TFT from having a negative shift.
Passive Modelocking of a Flashlamp Pumped Ti:Al2O3 Laser (1994)

Nearly all modelocked Ti:Al 2 O 3 lasers to date have been cw modelocked systems with relatively low pulse energies. Short pulse energies in the range of microjoules to millijoules can be generated using regenerative and multipass amplifier systems [1] . While these techniques achieve excellent performance, they are relatively costly and complex. In this paper we demonstrate a high performance, all solid-state, modelocked flashlamp pumped Ti:Al 2 O 3 laser. The flashlamp pumped Ti:Al 2 O 3 laser is a simple, economical, high peak power laser source which can be an attractive alternative technology to conventional oscillator-amplifier approaches. In addition, the development of new techniques for modelocking flashlamp pumped lasers can be generalized to a broad class of new solid state laser materials currently being developed.
Mobile Situation-Aware Task Recommendation Application (2008)

With more and more applications available on mobile devices, it has become increasingly difficult for users to find a desired application. Although research has been conducted for situation-awarere commendations on mobile devices, none addresses this problem; most research is for media content recommendations. Moreover, existing approaches assume predefined situations and/or user-specified profiles; some require users to intentionally train their devices before using them for recommendations. We believe that what defines a situation and what applications are preferred in the situation not only vary from user to user but also change over time, and therefore these assumptions and requirements are impractical for ordinary consumers. In this paper, we will describe our approach of using unsupervised learning, specifically co-clustering, to derive latent situation-based patterns from usage logs of user interactions with the device and environments and use the patterns for task and communication mode recommendations.
Proximity effect reduction using thin insulating layers (1993)

In this letter, we demonstrate a novel method for reducing or eliminating e-beam proximity effect in patterning tungsten for use as an x-ray mask absorber material. The method involves interposting a thin (200 nm) layer of low atomic weight insulating material (such as SiO2) between the resist and the underlying substrate. Examples are shown in which gratings of 0.2 μm lines with a 0.5 μm period were written without dose correction for proximity effect compensation.
Supplementary Data from Modeling Androgen Deprivation Therapy–Induced Prostate Cancer Dormancy and Its Clinical Implications (2023)

Supplementary Data from Modeling Androgen Deprivation Therapy–Induced Prostate Cancer Dormancy and Its Clinical Implications
Heat Transfer Coefficient for a Packed Bed of Shredded Materials at Low Peclet Numbers (2006)

The application of the Nusselt number (Nu) correlation of a packed bed of spherical particles overestimates the rate of heat transfer in the packed beds of shredded materials. This is due to the dependence of flow distribution on the particle geometry. This discrepancy is even more pronounced due to a channeling effect at low Peclet numbers (Pe). In this study, the heat transfer coefficient for a packed bed of shredded materials was derived at low Peclet numbers. In deriving the correlation, both numerical simulation and experimental work were employed. The experimental work was carried out in a packed bed of combustible materials for the flow rates of 15 × 10− 6 to 50 × 10− 6 m 3/s and a temperature range of 30 to 60°C. Using the results of experimental work along with numerical modeling and applying a power law formulation, the best-fit Nusselt number for the packed bed of shredded materials for Pe < 25 was derived to be Nu = 0.015 0.11 + Pe 0.73 . The Nusselt number calculated from this correlation is in good agreement with the experimental data.
Method for measuring a driver’s steering efficiency using electromyography (2014)

This paper is concerned with developing a new method for measuring a driver’s steering efficiency during a steering manoeuvre, for investigating the driver’s steering performance and for evaluating the steering comfort. Electromyography was successfully used to measure the driver’s muscle activity and to reveal the function of the driver’s key muscles in the steering manoeuvre. A measurement of the driver’s steering efficiency during a dynamic steering manoeuvre with two hands is presented on the basis of a regression analysis of the electromyography and steering-force data. The proposed measurement procedure consists of two parts. First, a multiple-regression analysis of the steering-force and electromyography data is conducted, and the steering forces in the steering wheel plane are predicted using the electromyography data of the key muscles producing the steering torque. Second, by predicting the steering force, the force capacity of the driver in the steering manoeuvre is estimated, and then the steering efficiency of the driver is measured. The steering efficiency of the driver, which characterizes the inefficiency, is thought to be a significant movement control strategy employed by driver, and its application in investigating the driver’s steering strategy is the subject of further study.
Holey graphene: a unique structural derivative of graphene (2017)

Holey graphene (hG), also called graphene nanomesh, is a structural derivative of graphene. hG is formed by removing a large number of atoms from the graphitic plane to produce holes distributed on and through the atomic thickness of the graphene sheets. These holes, sometimes with abundant functional groups around their edges, impart properties that are uncommon to intact graphene but advantageous toward various applications. In this review, strategies to prepare hG and the related applications that take advantage of the unique structural motif of these materials are discussed. Prospects are then given for this emerging class of graphene derivatives.
Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network Based De-Blurring Using Perceptual Similarity (2019)

The de-blurring of blurred images is one of the most important image processing methods and it can be used for the preprocessing step in many multimedia and computer vision applications. Recently, de-blurring methods have been performed by neural network methods, such as the generative adversarial network (GAN), which is a powerful generative network. Among many different types of GAN, the proposed method is performed using the Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty (WGANGP). Since edge information is the most important factor in an image, the style loss function is applied to represent the perceptual information of the edge in order to preserve small edge information and capture its perceptual similarity. As a result, the proposed method improves the similarity between sharp and blurred images by minimizing the Wasserstein distance, and it captures well the perceptual similarity using the style loss function, considering the correlation of features in the convolutional neural network (CNN). To confirm the performance of the proposed method, three experiments are conducted using two datasets: the GOPRO Large and Kohler dataset. The optimal solutions are found by changing the parameter values experimentally. Consequently, the experiments depict that the proposed method achieves 0.98 higher performance in structural similarity (SSIM) and outperforms other de-blurring methods in the case of both datasets.
Advanced Plant Habitat (APH) (2016)

The Advanced Plant Habitat (APH) hardware will be a large growth volume plant habitat, capable of hosting multigenerational studies, in which environmental variables (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide level light intensity and spectral quality) can be tracked and controlled in support of whole plant physiological testing and Bio-regenerative Life Support System investigations.
Optimizing online occupancy grid mapping to capture the residual uncertainty (2014)

Occupancy grids have been a popular mapping technique in mobile robotics for nearly 30 years. Occupancy grids offer a discrete representation of the world and seek to determine the occupancy probability of each cell. Traditional occupancy grid mapping methods make two assumptions for computational efficiency and it has been shown that the full posterior is computationally intractable for real-world mapping applications without these assumptions. The two assumptions result in tuning parameters that control the information gained from each distance measurement. In this paper, several tuning parameters found in the literature are optimized against the full posterior in 1D. In addition, this paper presents a new parameterization of the update function that outperforms existing methods in terms of capturing residual uncertainty. Capturing the residual uncertainty better estimates the position of obstacles and prevents under- and over-confidence in both the occupied and unoccupied cells. The paper concludes by showing that the new update function better captures the residual uncertainty in each cell when compared to an offline mapping method for realistic 2D simulations.
Functional complementation of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group E by replication protein A in an in vitro system. (1996)

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is caused by a defect in nucleotide excision repair. Patients in the complementation group E (XP-E) have the mildest form of the disease and the highest level of residual repair activity. About 20% of the cell strains derived from XP-E patients lack a damaged DNA-binding protein (DDB) activity that binds to ultraviolet-induced (6-4) photoproducts with high affinity. We report here that cell-free extracts prepared from XP-E cell strains that either lacked or contained DDB activity were severely defective in excising DNA damage including (6-4) photoproducts. However, this excision activity defect was not restored by addition of purified DDB that, in fact, inhibited removal of (6-4) photoproducts by the human excision nuclease reconstituted from purified proteins. Extensive purification of correcting activity from HeLa cells revealed that the correcting activity is inseparable from the human replication/repair protein A [RPA (also known as human single stranded DNA binding protein, HSSB)]. Indeed, supplementing XP-E extracts with recombinant human RPA purified from Escherichia coli restored excision activity. However, no mutation was found in the genes encoding the three subunits of RPA in an XP-E (DDB-) cell line. It is concluded that RPA functionally complements XP-E extracts in vitro, but it is not genetically altered in XP-E patients.
Smart‐Dust‐Nanorice for Enhancement of Endogenous Raman Signal, Contrast in Photoacoustic Imaging, and T2‐Shortening in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2018)

Raman microspectroscopy provides chemo-selective image contrast, sub-micrometer resolution, and multiplexing capabilities. However, it suffers from weak signals resulting in image-acquisition times of up to several hours. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can dramatically enhance signals of molecules in close vicinity of metallic surfaces and overcome this limitation. Multimodal, SERS-active nanoparticles are usually labeled with Raman marker molecules, limiting SERS to the coating material. In order to realize multimodal imaging while acquiring the rich endogenous vibronic information of the specimen, a core-shell particle based on "Nanorice", where a spindle-shaped iron oxide core is encapsulated by a closed gold shell, is developed. An ultrathin layer of silica prevents agglomeration and unwanted chemical interaction with the specimen. This approach provides Raman signal enhancement due to plasmon resonance effects of the shell while the optical absorption in the near-infrared spectral region provides contrast in photoacoustic tomography. Finally, T2-relaxation of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiment is altered by taking advantage of the iron oxide core. The feasibility for Raman imaging is evaluated by nearfield simulations and experimental studies on the primate cell line COS1. MRI and photoacoustics are demonstrated in agarose phantoms illustrating the promising translational nature of this strategy for clinical applications in radiology.
Fiber‐based anterior cruciate ligament model for biomechanical simulations (1998)

Although accurate predictions of the behavior and function of the anterior cruciate ligament would aid in diagnosis and operative treatment, no agreement exists on the best way to model the ligament with a reliable description of its mechanical and geometric features. We propose a new model of the anterior cruciate ligament based on multiple viscoelastic curvilinear fibers. This model was used for quasi-static simulations of the passive motion of eight porcine knees, after registration of the passive trajectories and digitization of the surface of the ligament in flexion. Simulations of anterior cruciate ligament deformations during passive motion predicted a fiber strain of less than 20%, low insertion forces, and isometric anterior fibers. The model explains actions of the ligament fibers, as reported in the literature, better than classic models based on linear fibers and consistent with the mechanical properties of the anterior cruciate ligament.
Consideration of a single-switch inverter for piezoelectric transformer with a new control method (2004)

A driving inverter circuit for piezoelectric transformer (PT) with a new control method is proposed and the simulation and the experimental results are revealed. The most appropriate drive circuit is presented for back-light system of cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), which is used in liquid crystal displays (LCD) for portable devices such as notebook type PC or personal digital assistants (PDA). The circuit has the features such as compact-size, lightweight, high voltage gain, high power efficiency, satisfactory dynamic characteristics and low harmonic distortion of the output. The pulse frequency modulation (PFM) with fixed off-time of the switch is employed as the control method. It realizes both of stabilizing and dimmer controls of CCFL with only a single simple control circuit. It is confirmed from the experiments that the driving inverter with this method enables to realize a stabilized AC 400 V output and 82% power efficiency from DC 3 V input under the conditions of the variations of load current and/or input voltage, that the dynamic characteristic are improved by the well-suited low quality factor (Q) of the circuit. Also, it is revealed that the dimmer control can be performed with 80% or more power efficiency, and furthermore that the excellent dynamic characteristics are realized using the suitable low Q of the circuit.
Subcellular glucose exposure biases the spatial distribution of insulin granules in single pancreatic beta cells (2014)

In living tissues, a cell is exposed to chemical substances delivered partially to its surface. Such a heterogeneous chemical environment potentially induces cell polarity. To evaluate this effect, we developed a microfluidic device that realizes spatially confined delivery of chemical substances at subcellular resolution. Our microfluidic device allows simple setup and stable operation for over 4 h to deliver chemicals partially to a single cell. Using the device, we showed that subcellular glucose exposure triggers an intracellular [Ca2+] change in the β-cells. In addition, the imaging of a cell expressing GFP-tagged insulin showed that continuous subcellular exposure to glucose biased the spatial distribution of insulin granules toward the site where the glucose was delivered. Our approach illustrates an experimental technique that will be applicable to many biological experiments for imaging the response to subcellular chemical exposure and will also provide new insights about the development of polarity of β-cells.