gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrahigh-Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2016)

Molecule-surface interactions and processes are at the heart of many technologies, including heterogeneous catalysis, organic photovoltaics, and nanoelectronics, yet they are rarely well understood at the molecular level. Given the inhomogeneous nature of surfaces, molecular properties often vary among individual surface sites, information that is lost in ensemble-averaged techniques. In order to access such site-resolved behavior, a technique must possess lateral resolution comparable to the size of surface sites under study, analytical power capable of examining chemical properties, and single-molecule sensitivity. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), wherein light is confined and amplified at the apex of a nanoscale plasmonic probe, meets these criteria. In ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), TERS can be performed in pristine environments, allowing for molecular-resolution imaging, low-temperature operation, minimized tip and molecular degradation, and improved stability in the presence of ultrafast irradiation. The aim of this review is to give an overview of TERS experiments performed in UHV environments and to discuss how recent reports will guide future endeavors. The advances made in the field thus far demonstrate the utility of TERS as an approach to interrogate single-molecule properties, reactions, and dynamics with spatial resolution below 1 nm.
IMIDAPRIL PREVENTED ATHEROSCLEROTIC CHANGES DUE TO HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES IN RATS (2004)

Division of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (Tomita) (Yamasaki) Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (Ogihara) Division of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (Morishita)
Guest Editorial Organic/Printed Electronics: A Circuits and Systems Perspective (2017)

The impetus for Organic/Printed Electronics is both compelling and exigent – the creation of intelligent lightweight electronics based on cheap abundant materials and printed by simple ubiquitous printing processes, and integrated into new ways to exploit its mechanically flexible form-factor. The desirable attributes include Low-Cost (cost in terms of cents, hence disposable), Green (environmentally friendly and non-corrosive chemicals and low wastage), On-demand (print quickly where production time goes from months/weeks to minutes, print anywhere and print anytime), Scalable (large-area large-format printing, e.g., wallpaper, high throughput printing, etc.), ‘Intelligent’ (embodying analog, digital and mixed-signal processing), Low-Power (low voltage, low current and operable with intermittent and noisy power supplies), and Mechanical Flexibility (printable on flexible substrates such as plastic films, etc.) such that the substrate can be molded or bent to fit in odd and uneven spaces, adhered to curvilinear surfaces, conformable, bendable, rollable, etc. Ideally, it is akin to a low-cost, green, print anywhere, on-demand, and scalable graphics-based ‘printing press’ to print electronics.
Residence time distribution and flow pattern modeling of oilseeds in a pilot screw press (2020)

Mechanical expression is widely applied for oil recovery from oilseeds using continuous screw presses. Despite significant recent advances in the field of press design and automation, it remains difficult to predict the press performances based on the theoretical approaches, and more experimental investigations are needed to clarify and characterize the seeds flow and expression behavior in the press. Residence Time Distribution (RTD) is a frequently used tool in chemical engineering to characterize the material flow by simple tracer tests. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of using RTD for the screw presses, in order to check the flow patterns homogeneity and identify the possible deviations depending on the press geometry and the operating conditions. Both theoretical modeling and experimental investigation are conducted for two different screw press designs (Reinartz and Olexa), and at the different rotation speeds. An original and reliable experimental methodology was developed by using erucic acid as tracer in the form of pulse injection and gas chromatography as detection method. Experimental results coupled with statistical calculations showed the influence of the screw geometry and the rotation speed on the seeds flow inside the press. The matter displacement was much faster and the experimental residence time was very close to the theoretical one indicating more homogeneity and less dispersion in the Olexa arrangement in comparison to the Reinartz arrangement. The higher variance observed at lower rotation speed (2.4 rpm) suggested the presence of flow defects like mixing and axial dispersion in the press. To complete the experimental work, axial dispersion model was applied, and allowed obtaining the valuable information, such as axial dispersion degree and distribution functions. Obtained results can be very useful to predict the performance of existing screw presses and design more efficient industrial equipments.
PROPELLER‐EPI with parallel imaging using a circularly symmetric phased‐array RF coil at 3.0 T: Application to high‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging (2006)

A technique integrating multishot periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) and parallel imaging is presented for diffusion echo-planar imaging (EPI) at high spatial resolution. The method combines the advantages of parallel imaging to achieve accelerated sampling along the phase-encoding direction, and PROPELLER acquisition to further decrease the echo train length (ETL) in EPI. With an eight-element circularly symmetric RF coil, a parallel acceleration factor of 4 was applied such that, when combined with PROPELLER acquisition, a reduction of geometric distortions by a factor substantially greater than 4 was achieved. The resulting phantom and human brain images acquired with a 256 x 256 matrix and an ETL of only 16 were visually identical in shape to those acquired using the fast spin-echo (FSE) technique, even without field-map corrections. It is concluded that parallel PROPELLER-EPI is an effective technique that can substantially reduce susceptibility-induced geometric distortions at high field strength.
Crystal structure of Tetraethylammonium Tetrakis(O-ethylxanthato)bismuthate(III) (1978)

The crystal structure of the title compound (NEt4) [Bi(S2COEt)4] has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 295(1) K and refined by least squares to a residual of 0.051 for 1560 'observed' reflections. Crystals are monoclinic, P21, a 10.947(2), b 16.334(4), c 10.589(2)?, ß 116.04(2)°, Z 2. The bismuth coordination stereochemistry is dodecahedral, Bi-S ranging from 2.803(11) to 2.972(10) ?; the three longest distances occupy a triangular face in the coordination polyhedron and may indicate the presence of a stereochemically active lone pair.
A fap7 Allele for Elevated Palmitate in Soybean (2000)

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with elevated palmitate content may be useful for food and industrial applications requiring oil with high oxidative stability. The mutant line A30 with ≈ 40 g kg −1 greater palmitate content than conventional soybean oil was developed by treating seeds of the line A89‐144026 with N ‐nitroso‐ N ‐methyl urea. This study was conducted to determine the genetic control of elevated palmitate content in A30. Crosses were made between A30, its parent, and lines possessing the fap1 , fap2‐b , fap3 , fap4 , fap5 , or fap6 alleles for altered palmitate. The F 1 seeds from reciprocal crosses between A30 and A89‐144026 did not exhibit maternal effects or dominance for palmitate content. The phenotypic and genotypic analyses of F 2 seeds and F 3 progeny indicated that A30 had an elevated palmitate allele, designated fap7 , with additive gene action at a single locus. The fap7 locus was independent of fap1 , fap2‐b , fap3 , fap4 , and fap5 , but closely linked to the fap6 locus. The new allele can be used in combination with other alleles that control fatty ester composition to obtain unique oils for possible food and industrial applications.
Analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa oprD gene from clinical and environmental isolates (2002)

Genomes are constantly evolving. Our report highlights the wide mutational diversity of clinical as well as environmental isolates, compared with the laboratory strain(s), through the systematic genetic analysis of a chromosomal porin gene (oprD) in relation to a specific antibiotic resistance. Mutational inactivation of the oprD gene is associated with carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sequence of the oprD gene of 55 Pseudomonas aeruginosa natural isolates obtained from across the world--from sources as diverse as patients and rhizospheres--was analysed. A microscale mosaic structure for this gene--resulting from multiple intra- and possibly interspecies recombinational events--is reported. An array of independent and seemingly fast-occurring defective oprD mutations were found, none of which had been described before. A burn wound isolate demonstrated unusually high overall sequence variability typical of mutator strains. We also present evidence for the existence of OprD homologues in other fluorescent pseudomonads.
Field determination of nanogram quantities of mercury in soils and rocks (1965)

Aldstract .7.. in ;:;c.olozical materials is based on the catalytic eif ct of mercury on . :z.ction of fcrrocyanide with nitrosobenzene to prc&:co a violet-colorad ccmpo;:v.d whose intensity is proportional to the marcury prccnt. Tha mercury is released by heating a sample of soil or cru:;hed 7ock to about C:50C.
Human alveolar macrophages express Ia-like antigens (1981)

Monoclonal antibody to la-like antigens was used to demonstrate the presence of these antigens on human alveolar macrophages. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated the 27,000 and 34,000 molecular weight peaks that correspond to the la-like antigen subunits. Immunofluorescence confirmed the presence of la-like antigens on alveolar macrophages but not on other bronchoalveolar cells. The presence of alveolar macrophage la-like antigens may be important in cellular interactions.
Primary optics for efficient high-brightness LED colour mixing (2012)

In SSL general illumination, there is a clear trend to high flux packages with higher efficiency and higher CRI addressed with the use of multiple color chips and phosphors. However, such light sources require the optics provide color mixing, both in the near-field and far-field. This design problem is specially challenging for collimated luminaries, in which diffusers (which dramatically reduce the brightness) cannot be applied without enlarging the exit aperture too much. In this work we present first injection molded prototypes of a novel primary shell-shaped optics that have microlenses on both sides to provide Köhler integration. This shell is design so when it is placed on top of an inhomogeneous multichip Lambertian LED, creates a highly homogeneous virtual source (i.e, spatially and angularly mixed), also Lambertian, which is located in the same position with only small increment of the size (about 10-20%, so the average brightness is similar to the brightness of the source). This shell-mixer device is very versatile and permits now to use a lens or a reflector secondary optics to collimate the light as desired, without color separation effects. Experimental measurements have shown optical efficiency of the shell of 95%, and highly homogeneous angular intensity distribution of collimated beams, in good agreement with the ray-tracing simulations.
[A case of metastatic spinal tumor from renal cancer reduced by interferon-alpha]. (1993)

A case of metastatic spinal tumor from renal cancer reduced by interferon-alpha is reported. A 54-year-old man was admitted to Tane General Hospital on April 12, 1990, with the complaint of difficulty in walking. Abdominal CT scan revealed right renal carcinoma, and MRI demonstrated metastatic spinal tumor at Th6, which was mainly occupying the entire lamina, spinous process and right pedicle of Th6. Nephrectomy was performed and, instead of operating on the spinal lesion, the patient was given follow-up treatment with administration of interferon-alpha (5 million units twice a week) and steroid. 1 year and 6 months later the patient's walking ability began to deteriorate and paraparesis progressed, although the size of the metastatic spinal tumor had gradually reduced. This was thought to be because of atrophy of the legs due to prolonged bed rest and steroid administration. Laminectomy with total removal of the tumor was performed on January 16, 1992. In the 12 months postoperatively, there has been neither recurrence nor remote metastasis seemingly due to the administration of interferon-alpha. This appears to be the first report of metastatic spinal tumor from renal cancer reduced by interferon-alpha.
Flexible giant magnetoresistance sensors (1996)

Exchange-biased magnetic sandwiches are shown to exhibit ‘‘giant’’ magnetoresistive properties when deposited on free-standing organic films. This allows for the possibility of preparing flexible magnetoresistance heads or head arrays for tape or floppy-disk drive and hard-disk drive applications. Similar structures deposited on thin organic layers spin coated onto silicon substrates also exhibit giant magnetoresistive behavior.
Preparation and Luminescence of BaSi6N8O: Eu2+ Oxynitride Phosphor (2009)

In this paper, we discuss synthesis and luminescence properties of Eu2+ activated alkaline-earth silicon oxynitride (BaSi6N8O) system. The Eu2+ activated material shows efficient green emission peaking around ~500nm under UV excitation with an excitation band peaking at ~300 nm. The effect of different dopant ions and its concentrations on the crystal structure and luminescence properties of the material will be discussed. The Eu2+ luminescence in this material has a much larger Stokes shift when compared to other known Eu2+ activated oxide and oxynitride hosts. We will therefore investigate the nature of the emission and excitation bands in this Eu2+ doped materials as well as the thermal quenching of these materials. These results will be compared to other oxynitride, and nitride phosphors.
Graft Copolymers from a Double ROMP (2009)

This is the first example of the synthesis of soluble graft copolymers (4) using ROMP polymerization for both the main chain polymerization and the post-polymerization grafting from the main chain.
Sixty Years Young: The Diverse Biological Activities of Metal Polypyridyl Complexes Pioneered by Francis P. Dwyer (2012)

Sixty years ago, the Australian chemist Francis P. Dwyer pioneered the use of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes as biologically active compounds. These chemically inert and configurationally stable complexes revealed an astonishing range of interesting biological activities, such as the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, anti-cancer activity in vivo, and bacteriostatic/bacteriocidal action. This review commemorates the sixtieth anniversary of Dwyer and co-workers’ landmark 1952 publication, summarises their broader achievements in biological inorganic chemistry, and discusses the contribution of this work to the development of modern biological and medicinal inorganic chemistry.
Estimating In‐Situ Monod Biodegradation Parameters Using a Novel Explicit Solution of a One‐Dimensional Contaminant Transport Equation (2000)

Abstract We present a novel, explicit closed form solution using the Lambert W function to a steady‐state one‐dimensional contaminant transport equation incorporating the Monod expression for biodegradation. This new solution overcomes some of the limitations associated with using the existing implicit solution and provides a simple method of describing biodegradation at contaminated sites using the Monod equation. The field‐scale applicability of this approach was tested using data on phenol and toluene biodegradation from previously published studies. A review of published Monod kinetic parameters for hydrocarbon biodegradation indicated that in most cases, the half saturation coefficient was lower than 5 mg/L, suggesting that the commonly used first‐order approximation is valid only at low substrate concentrations. While the Monod equation does not have this limitation and can usually provide an accurate description of biodegradation at contaminated sites, its nonlinear nature presents computational and parameter estimation difficulties compared with the linear and relatively simple first‐ and zero‐order approximations. The explicit closed form solution to the Monod equation presented in this study greatly simplifies its use and appears to be an attractive approach to describe contaminant biodegradation in the field.
Epoxyannelation: new reaction path for butadienylsulfonium salts (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEpoxyannelation: new reaction path for butadienylsulfonium saltsMichael E. GarstCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 9, 1578–1580Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01323a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01323a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolic precision labeling enables selective probing of O-linked N -acetylgalactosamine glycosylation (2020)

Abstract Protein glycosylation events that happen early in the secretory pathway are often dysregulated during tumorigenesis. These events can be probed, in principle, by monosaccharides with bioorthogonal tags that would ideally be specific for distinct glycan subtypes. However, metabolic interconversion into other monosaccharides drastically reduces such specificity in the living cell. Here, we use a structure-based design process to develop the monosaccharide probe GalNAzMe that is specific for cancer-relevant Ser/Thr- N -acetylgalactosamine (O-GalNAc) glycosylation. By virtue of a branched N-acylamide side chain, GalNAzMe is not interconverted by epimerization to the corresponding N-acetylglucosamine analog like conventional GalNAc-based probes. GalNAzMe enters O-GalNAc glycosylation but does not enter other major cell surface glycan types including Asn (N)-linked glycans. We equip cells with the capacity to biosynthesize the nucleotide-sugar donor UDP-GalNAzMe from a caged precursor. Tagged with a bioorthogonal azide group, GalNAzMe serves as an O-glycan specific reporter in superresolution microscopy, chemical glycoproteomics, a genome-wide CRISPR knock-out (KO) screen, and imaging of intestinal organoids. GalNAzMe is a precision tool that allows a detailed view into the biology of a major type of cancer-relevant protein glycosylation. Significance statement A large portion of all secreted and cell surface proteins in humans are modified by Ser/Thr(O)-linked glycosylation with N -acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). While of fundamental importance in health and disease, O-GalNAc glycosylation is technically challenging to study because of a lack of specific tools to be used in biological assays. Here, we design an O-GalNAc specific reporter molecule termed GalNAzMe to selectively label O-GalNAc glycoproteins in living human cells. GalNAzMe is compatible with a range of experiments in quantitative biology to broaden our understanding of glycosylation. We further demonstrate that labeling is genetically programmable by expression of a mutant glycosyltransferase, allowing application even to experiments with low inherent sensitivity.
Rapid sensitive analysis of cysteine rich peptide venom components (2009)

Disulfide-rich peptide venoms from animals such as snakes, spiders, scorpions, and certain marine snails represent one of nature's great diversity libraries of bioactive molecules. The various species of marine cone shells have alone been estimated to produce >50,000 distinct peptide venoms. These peptides have stimulated considerable interest because of their ability to potently alter the function of specific ion channels. To date, only a small fraction of this immense resource has been characterized because of the difficulty in elucidating their primary structures, which range in size between 10 and 80 aa, include up to 5 disulfide bonds, and can contain extensive posttranslational modifications. The extraordinary complexity of crude venoms and the lack of DNA databases for many of the organisms of interest present major analytical challenges. Here, we describe a strategy that uses mass spectrometry for the elucidation of the mature peptide toxin components of crude venom samples. Key to this strategy is our use of electron transfer dissociation (ETD), a mass spectrometric fragmentation technique that can produce sequence information across the entire peptide backbone. However, because ETD only yields comprehensive sequence coverage when the charge state of the precursor peptide ion is sufficiently high and the m/z ratio is low, we combined ETD with a targeted chemical derivatization strategy to increase the charge state of cysteine-containing peptide toxins. Using this strategy, we obtained full sequences for 31 peptide toxins, using just 7% of the crude venom from the venom gland of a single cone snail (Conus textile).
Phosphodiesterase 2A as a therapeutic target to restore cardiac neurotransmission during sympathetic hyperactivity (2018)

Elevated levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are regarded as an early compensatory response to cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, although exogenously administered BNP shows poor clinical efficacy in heart failure and hypertension. We tested whether phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A), which regulates the action of BNP-activated cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), was directly involved in modulating Ca2+ handling from stellate ganglia (SG) neurons and cardiac norepinephrine (NE) release in rats and humans with an enhanced sympathetic phenotype. SG were also isolated from patients with sympathetic hyperactivity and healthy donor patients. PDE2A activity of the SG was greater in both spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and patients compared with their respective controls, whereas PDE2A mRNA was only high in SHR SG. BNP significantly reduced the magnitude of the calcium transients and ICaN in normal Wistar Kyoto (WKY) SG neurons, but not in the SHRs. cGMP levels stimulated by BNP were also attenuated in SHR SG neurons. Overexpression of PDE2A in WKY neurons recapitulated the calcium phenotype seen in SHR neurons. Functionally, BNP significantly reduced [3H]-NE release in the WKY rats, but not in the SHRs. Blockade of overexpressed PDE2A with Bay 60-7550 or overexpression of catalytically inactive PDE2A reestablished the modulatory action of BNP in SHR SG neurons. This suggests that PDE2A may be a key target in modulating the action of BNP to reduce sympathetic hyperactivity.