gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evaluation of Multi-Vendor Virtualized RAN using Non-Ideal Fronthaul (2020)

In this paper, we present the recent research findings of our experimental investigation into virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN) based on non-ideal fronthaul transport. The experiments are conducted in a Telecom Infra Project (TIP) community lab hosted in BT Labs at Adastral Park; BT’s global research and development headquarters. A wide range of testing and measurements has been executed to characterise the functional behaviour and performance of vRAN based on a low layer functional split with a focus on using G.fast as the fronthaul link. The performance evaluations reveal that the solution operates well in the presence of transport impairments in excess of typical G.fast requirements, thus proving that G.fast can be a suitable transport option for fronthaul. Testing is carried out on two different multi-vendor systems. The more recent of these systems is built in line with the O-RAN fronthaul specification. It is shown that the solution demonstrates promising throughput performance and is robust to a wide range of fronthaul packet loss rates. What is most significant about these experimental results is that it is real evidence of progress of industry efforts to develop an open, best-of-breed, disaggregated, multi-vendor RAN ecosystem that is envisaged for next-generation RAN. In addition, the fact that non-ideal fronthaul can be supported can significantly improve the business case for a number of deployment scenarios.
Subcellular location of an abundant substrate (p36) for tyrosine-specific protein kinases. (1983)

A 36,000-dalton cellular protein (p36) has been identified previously as an abundant substrate for phosphorylation by tyrosine-specific protein kinases. Since several of the responsible kinases are associated with the plasma membrane, we explored the subcellular distribution of p36. Biochemical fractionations located p36 on the plasma membrane of both normal and retrovirus-transformed cells. Approximately half of the p36 was bound to the membrane with the affinity of a peripheral membrane protein; the remainder was even more tightly bound. The distribution of p36 among subcellular fractions and its affinity for the plasma membrane were not affected by tyrosine phosphorylation. We determined that p36 is synthesized in the soluble compartment of the cell and then moves rapidly to the membranous compartment. Immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies directed against p36 revealed two distinct distributions of the antigen: (i) a sharply demarcated crenelated pattern within or immediately beneath the plasma membrane, which we presume to be a correlary of the distribution of p36 in biochemical fractionations; and (ii) diffuse staining in a cytoplasmic location that could not be attributed to a specific feature of cytoarchitecture and could not be easily reconciled with the results of biochemical fractionations. Efforts to detect the secretion of p36 were unsuccessful. No evidence was obtained for exposure of p36 on the cell surface, and no changes in localization were observed as a consequence of neoplastic transformation. During the course of this study, we had the opportunity to pursue a previous report that p36 is a component of the enzyme malate dehydrogenase (Rubsamen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:228-232, 1982). We were unable to substantiate this claim. We conclude that at least a substantial fraction of p36 is located on the cytoplasmic aspect of the plasma membrane, where it could be well situated to serve as a substrate for several identified tyrosine-specific kinases. But the function of p36 and its role, if any, in neoplastic transformation of cells by retroviruses possessing tyrosine-specific kinases remain enigmatic.
Fusion of Computer, Communication, and Control Technologies: Needs and Strategies (2014)

Computers have been an enabling tool for control engineers. They have been used as a tool for both design and implementation. Nowadays, it is standard practice to use a computer to implement control algorithms on any physical scale. At the same time, communication technologies have also been implemented in control systems in various forms. When the decision-making functions are spatially distributed in control systems, communications become essential. Computer, communication, and control (3C) technologies have naturally been fused to build modern intelligent engineering systems. This chapter discusses how such processes have occurred from the perspective of control. It presents some historical perspectives and discusses some research areas where computer and communication technologies have played a critical role in achieving the desired control objectives. This chapter also describes an effort lead by the US National Science Foundation to promote research that involves the fusion of 3C technologies.
Narrowband superconducting receiving filter for 9GHz-band weather radar (2011)

We have developed a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) receiving filter with narrow bandwidth characteristic for 9 GHz band weather radar to reduce interference between adjacent radar channels. To realize a filter with a narrow bandwidth and low insertion loss is necessary to obtain high unloaded Q (Q<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</inf>) resonator. Coupled microstrip line resonators with 1.5 times wavelength and odd mode resonance frequency were adopted to suppress the radiation loss and achieve a high Q<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</inf> value. The developed HTS filter has 8-pole quasi-elliptic function response for sharp skirt characteristic. The measured frequency response of the developed filter shows center frequency of 9700 MHz, insertion loss of 1.8 dB, which agrees with the designed responses.
Long‐term safety and efficacy of emicizumab for up to 5.8 years and patients’ perceptions of symptoms and daily life: A phase 1/2 study in patients with severe haemophilia A (2020)

Long-term emicizumab prophylaxis for up to 5.8 years was safe and efficacious, and may improve patients' daily lives and feelings, regardless of inhibitor status.
Universal Approach to Mobile Payments (2011)

An old saying coming from the telecom world states that nothing can be really considered as a service unless you are able to charge for it. The last several years have seen a boom in interest in mobile commerce, mainly due to the high penetration rates of mobile phones. Furthermore, there is evident the need for a real-time, open, and trusted payment service that can be used any time, anywhere, and that can handle any transaction in any currency. Such a service would promote not only content creating activities but would empower the electronic and mobile commerce area and kick-start new innovative services. The time is right for such a mobile payment service, because the infrastructure, the business models, and other conditions that favor its existence are realistic and in place (Vilmos & Karnouskos, 2004). Up to now, we have witnessed the rise and fall of several efforts in the area, ranging from realizing simple intangible good purchases, up to interaction with real points of sale (POS) and person-to-person (P2P) transactions. Day by day, new trials are initiated, targeting different sections in the MP area; however, there is still no solution that is open and widely accepted. In this article, we first introduce the reader to the mobile payment area, present the guiding forces behind it, and subsequently examine such an open, secure mobile payment approach that has been successfully designed, implemented, and tested. Furthermore we identify some midterm future trends that we consider will be of high importance to the further development of the area.
Quantitative relationship between β-adrenergic receptor number and physiologic responses as studied with a long-lasting β-adrenergic antagonist (1979)

The aminobenzyl analog of propranolol, 1- ( p -amino-α,α-dimethylphenethylamino)-3-(1-naphthoxy)-2- propanol, was synthesized and found to be a potent β-adrenergic blocking agent. The β-adrenergic receptors of cultured rat C6 glioma cells (2B clone) as assessed by [ 125 I]iodohydroxybenzylpindolol binding were decreased 50 and &gt;95% after pretreatment with 8 nM and 1 μM aminobenzylpropranolol, respectively. Unlike propranolol, aminobenzylpropranolol displayed a prolonged blockade of receptors that was maintained during several hours of washing. [ 125 I]Iodohydroxybenzylpindolol saturation binding experiments in cells exposed to aminobenzylpropranolol and subsequently washed indicated that the compound effectively diminished receptor number with no change in the affinity of the remaining receptors for iodohydroxybenzylpindolol. Aminobenzylpropranolol inhibited catecholamine-stimulated intracellular cyclic AMP accumulation; with increasing blockade, isoproterenol dose—response curves became progressively shifted to the right but the maximal response was unaltered. Aminobenzylpropranolol inhibited the β-adrenergic contractile response in atria isolated from rats and guinea pigs. Treatment with 0.1 and 10 μM aminobenzylpropranolol produced decreases of 0.5 and 2 orders of magnitude in the contractile potency of isoproterenol. As in glioma cells, aminobenzylpropranolol failed to decrease the maximal response to isoproterenol. The effects of aminobenzylpropranolol persisted during extensive washing of atria (up to 17 hr). Repeated exposures to isoproterenol at concentrations sufficient to produce maximal tension development also failed to alleviate the blockade. The inotropic potency of histamine in guinea pig atria was not affected by aminobenzylpropranolol. These data suggest that catecholamines are capable of eliciting full biological responses in glioma cells and isolated atria even though the great majority of β-adrenergic receptors are persistently blocked.
Performance evaluation of combined spatial compounding-adaptive imaging: simulation, phantom and clinical trials (2004)

Spatial compounding reduces speckle and increases image contrast by incoherently averaging images acquired at different viewing angles. Adaptive imaging improves contrast and resolution by compensating for tissue induced phase errors. Aberrator strength and spatial frequency content markedly impact the desirable operating characteristics and performance of these methods for improving image quality. We present simulation, phantom and clinical experiments of spatial compounding, adaptive imaging, and a combination of these two methods in contrast and resolution tasks. With aberrations at high strength and low spatial frequency content, spatial compounding can yield significant (20%-50%) improvements in contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). For all aberration strength and spatial frequencies, adaptive imaging yields superior improvement to spatial compounding in restoring lateral spatial frequencies of the image. Concurrent use of both imaging techniques yields the best results in CNR and resolution.
High Quality Factor Toroidal Resonances in Dielectric Metasurfaces (2020)

Toroidal moment is an electromagnetic excitation that lies outside the familiar picture of electric and magnetic multipoles. It has recently been a topic of intense research in the fields of nanophotonics and metamaterials due to its weakly radiating nature and its ability to confine electromagnetic energy. Among extensive studies on toroidal moments and their applications, high quality factor (Q) toroidal resonances have been experimentally realized only in a very limited set of geometries and wavelengths. In this study, we demonstrate that a metasurface consisting of arrays of hollow dielectric cuboids supports a high Q-factor resonances at near-infrared and visible wavelengths due to the destructive interference between toroidal dipoles and magnetic quadrupoles. Using silicon as the high index dielectric, an experimental Q-factor of 728 is realized at a wavelength of 1505 nm, which is one of the highest values reported in the near-infrared using a dielectric metasurface. Importantly, our resonator geometry enables very efficient coupling of the toroidal resonance to the environment. This makes our metasurface design useful for refractometric sensing, where we measure a sensitivity of 161 nm per refractive index unit with a line width of 2.01 nm, efficiently distinguishing an index change of less than 0.02. We also find that a metasurface made of a relatively low-index dielectric, titanium dioxide (n < 2.4), is also capable of supporting the same toroidal mode with an observed Q-factor of 160 at visible wavelengths. With the versatility and robustness that dielectric metasurfaces provide, toroidal resonances are expected to be a powerful tool for investigating strong light–matter interaction and nonlinear phenomena at the nanoscale.
CMOS based, temporally-oversampled X-ray photon counting sensor for low dose fluoroscopy (2017)

We present the design of an x-ray quanta image sensor (XQIS) utilizing temporal oversampling and CMOS image sensor technology.
Structure of Cyclosporine and Its Metabolites: Total Synthesis of Cyclosporine Metabolites Formed by Oxidation at Positions 4 and 9 of Cyclosporine. Preparation of Leucine-4-cyclosporine, (γ-Hydroxy)-N-methyl-leucine-9-cyclosporine and Leucine-4-(γ-hydroxy)-N-methyl-leucine-9-cyclosporine (1992)

The syntheses of the cyclosporine metabolites Leu-4-cyclosporine (AM4N), (γ-OH)MeLeu-9-cyclosporine (AM9) and Leu-4-(γ-OH)MeLeu-cyclosporine (AM4N9) were completed. Aspartic acid was used as starting material to prepare peptides containing (γ-OH)MeLeu residues. The structure of metabolite M13 was definitively established as being Leu-4-(γ-OH)MeLeu-9-cyclosporine. The immunosuppressive activity in vitro of these synthesized metabolites was compared with that of cyclosporine and metabolite AM1.
The effect of the tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist MEN11420 (nepadutant) on neurokinin A-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics (2009)

In conclusion, the tachykinin NK(2) receptor antagonist nepadutant significantly inhibits bronchoconstriction induced by neurokinin A in patients with asthma.
Effect of Halothane Anaesthesia on Primary Antibody Response in the Chicken (1979)

The effect of a single anaesthesia of 2 hours' duration with 1% v/v halothane and of 1, 2, and 3 hours' duration with 2% v/v halothane was studied on the primary antibody response in line-bred chickens. In contradistinction to earlier studies, the immunisation was performed during anaesthesia to resemble antigenic exposure in surgical practice. The IgG and IgM antibodies against the antigens, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and formalin-killed Brucella abortus organisms (Brucella), were quantified by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The halothane concentration of the blood was measured by gas chromatography at the end of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia with 1% and 2% v/v halothane given in the antigen-processing phase of humoral immune response had no effect on the concentrations of IgG-and IgM-anti-BSA and IgG-and IgM-anti-Brucella antibodies in the primary antibody response.
Direct adsorption of polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) micelles in water onto polystyrene latex particles (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect adsorption of polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) micelles in water onto polystyrene latex particlesJ. M. R. D'Oliveira, Renliang Xu, Tetje Jensma, Mitchell A. Winnik, Zdenek Hruska, Guy Hurtrez, Gerard Riess, J. M. G. Martinho, and Melvin D. CroucherCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 4, 1092–1097Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/la00028a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (732 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MORPHOLOGY AND CONDUCTIVITY OF POLYPYRROLE CONTAINING HALOGEN COUNTER ANIONS (1985)

Abstract Polypyrroles containing halogen anions as dopants were electrochemically prepared in aqueous solutions. Morphologies of the polypyrroles were found to depend on halogen anion species. The conductivities of the polypyrrole films were around 10 S/cm.
ChemInform Abstract: Ex‐Chiral Pool Synthesis and Pharmacological Aspects of 3‐Pyrrolidinylisoxazoles. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamic CD8 T-Cell Responses to Tumor-Associated Epstein-Barr Virus Antigens in Patients With Epstein-Barr Virus-Negative Hodgkin's Disease (2009)

In almost half of patients diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease (HD), the malignant Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells express Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens. Multiple translational efforts are actively investigating antitumor immune strategies by stimulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against tumor-associated EBV antigens. It has previously been believed that this therapeutic strategy and presence of EBV-specific CTLs are limited to EBV-positive HD. In an effort to explore the EBV-specific immune response, here we characterize EBV-specific CTL responses to lytic and latent EBV antigens in 12 consecutive EBV carriers with EBV-negative HD. Compared to healthy donors, we detected weak, baseline EBV-specific responses to both lytic and latent antigens by IFN-gamma ELISPOT in patients with EBV-negative HD at diagnosis. Chemoradiotherapy was associated temporally with a decrease EBV-specific responses. At final follow-up (24 months), recovery of EBV-specific CTL responses was observed with robustness of lytic-specific response equivalent to healthy controls. We confirm evidence of EBV-specific CTLs in patients with EBV-negative HD and provide the first report of dynamic variance in this population during treatment. Our observation challenges prior belief that patients with HD remain immunodeficient following therapy and argues that the clinical significance of the EBV-specific immune response in EBV-negative HD should be further investigated.
High-frame-rate retrospective imaging of mouse-embryo cardiac function using annular array and Doppler-derived gating (2013)

A high-frequency (HF) imaging system based on a custom 5-element, 40-MHz annular array was used to study cardiovascular development of mouse embryos. High-frame-rate imaging of the heart dynamics was achieved using a retrospective reconstruction method based on electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms and respiratory gating. The ECG signals were obtained by measuring blood-flow velocities in major arteries of in-vivo mouse embryos using a custom, HF Doppler apparatus made from two, 20-MHz, single-element, PZT transducers. Co-registered M-mode data were acquired from the annular array excited with a 5-channel pulser/receiver. A synthetic-focusing algorithm was used to improve spatial resolution (< 100 μm), depth-of-field (> 10 mm) and signal-to-noise ratio (> 45 dB). This technique was used on embryos aged from 11.5 to 14.5 days and provided high-resolution, morphologically correct B-mode cine-loops of the heart chamber dynamics at frame rates of 1 kHz. The ultra-fine temporal resolution (1 ms) permitted precise quantification of the mean cardiac cycle length and detailed visualization of fast events such as opening and closing of the mitral valve. The speckle characteristics of the high-resolution images could be used to assess blood flow and to quantify myocardial strain at each developmental stage of the embryonic heart.
Distributed nullforming without prior frequency synchronization (2013)

We present a novel approach to the problem of distributed nullforming where a set of transmitters cooperatively transmit a common message signal in such a way that their individual transmissions precisely cancel each other at a designated receiver. Under our approach, each transmitter iteratively makes an adjustment to the phase and frequency of its transmitted RF signal, by effectively implementing an algorithm to reduce the amplitude of the overall received signal to zero. We show that this algorithm can be implemented in a purely distributed fashion at each transmitter as each transmitter needs only an estimate of its own channel gain to the receiver, and a feedback signal from the receiver, that is common across all the transmitters. This is an important advantage of our approach and assures its scalability; in contrast any non-iterative approach to the nullforming problem requires that each transmitter know every other transmitter's channel gain. We prove analytically that the algorithm practically, globally converges to a null at the designated receiver. By practical convergence we mean that (i) the algorithm always converges to a stationary trajectory, (ii) that though some of these trajectories may not correspond to a null, those that do not are locally unstable, while those that do are locally stable. We also present numerical simulations to illustrate the robustness of this approach. A key novelty of this paper is that unlike its predecessors it does not assume prior frequency synchronization among the transmitters.
Figure S2 from An AIB1 Isoform Alters Enhancer Access and Enables Progression of Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A) Quantification of the number of Zebrafish embryos with DCIS or DCIS-Î"4-hy cells that have extravasated out of the blood vessels and into the neighboring tissue. p=0.57. B) Quantification of the number of Zebrafish embryos with MCF10A, MCF10A-Î"4 or mixed cells that have extravasated out of the blood vessels and into the neighboring tissue. In the mixed cell population, only MCF10A parental line was fluorescently labeled and scored for extravasation. MCF10A and MCF10A-Î"4 are mixed at a 4:1 ratio. C) Invasion assay of an endothelial monolayer (HUVEC) using ECIS. MCFDCIS cells were treated with conditioned media (CM) from MCFDCIS-Î"4 cells for 4 hours before added to the endothelial monolayer, and vice versa. No cells added to the endothelial monolayer as a negative control. D) A schematic showing a three-chambered co-culture system. Top chamber has electrodes underneath a porous membrane to detect migrating cells. Middle chamber is only permeable to factors but not cells. Bottom chamber harbors cells that can crosstalk with migrating cells through secreted factors. E) Real-time migration rate of MCFDCIS and MCFDCIS-Î"4 in co-culture chambers. F) MCFDCIS and MCFDCIS-Î"4 cells were aggregated separately then embedded in 80% col I and 20% Matrigel together to monitor their crosstalk as separate spheres. Scale bar = 50Î¼m.&lt;/p&gt;