gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Severe childhood asthma and allergy to furry animals: Refined assessment using molecular‐based allergy diagnostics (2014)

Children with severe allergic asthma had higher sIgE levels to cat, dog and horse. Molecular-based allergy diagnostics revealed a more complex molecular spreading of allergen components in children with the most severe disease.
Colonization of the neonatal rat intestinal tract from environmental exposure to the anaerobic bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes (2004)

Oxalobacter formigenes, an anaerobic bacterium that inhabits the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, has an important symbiotic relationship with its vertebrate hosts by regulating oxalic acid homeostasis. Epidemiological studies of O. formigenes colonization in man have shown that colonization occurs in young children, that every child can become colonized naturally, that >20% lose colonization during adolescence or as adults and that stable colonization can be disrupted by antibiotic use or changes in diet, greatly affecting subsequent health. As O. formigenes is a fastidious anaerobe that seldom re-colonizes adults, the question arises as to how initial colonization occurs. To investigate this question, non-colonized female laboratory rats were placed on diets high in oxalate and were colonized by oesophageal gavage with O. formigenes either before or after being impregnated. Faecal specimens from their offspring were tested for the presence of O. formigenes. Although the bacterium was first detected in a few neonates as early as 7 days post-partum, colonization of all the offspring did not occur until after weaning. In each case, the offspring were colonized with the bacterial strain carried by their mothers. To determine whether O. formigenes colonization occurs vertically or horizontally, newborn rats were placed with foster mothers that were either non-colonized or colonized with an O. formigenes strain different from that of their natural mothers. Colonization occurred temporally in a manner similar to natural colonization but all offspring became colonized only with the O. formigenes strain of the foster mothers. These data indicate that intestinal colonization occurs horizontally, but does not answer the question of how O. formigenes survives the aerobic environment in order to be transmitted.
Integration of Split-gate Flash Memory in 130nm BCD technology For Automotive Applications (2019)

In this work we successfully integrated the split-gate SuperFlash® ESF1 cell into our 130nm BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) platform for automotive applications. The platform enhances the modularity of flash macro in addition to logic devices, high performance power devices up to 85V as well as complimentary analog devices such as a BJT, MIM and Poly Resistor. Besides maintaining BCD device performance, the embedded flash operating temperature range from - 40°C to 170°C, programmability, chip erase & read access time well meet the specifications. Endurance cycling of up to 20k cycles and data retention of over 20 years well satisfy AECQ-100 Automotive Grade 0 requirements.
Chronic exposure to nitrate significantly reduces growth and affects the health status of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in recirculating aquaculture systems (2016)

Studies on chronic or acute toxicity of nitrogen species on fish in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) usually focused on adverse effects of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN: sum of NH3 + NH4+) and nitrite (), while underestimating the potential effects of high nitrate accumulation on growth and health status of fish. In our study, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to five different nitrate concentrations (0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg L−1 -N) over 30 days. Growth parameters (feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), hepatosomatic index (HSI)), blood samples (concentrations of haemoglobin, methaemoglobin, plasma /) and the histology of the gills were studied to evaluate growth and health status of the fish. At the highest nitrate concentration, the fish showed significantly reduced growth and impaired health status (SGR, FCR, plasma /, haemoglobin and methaemoglobin concentration), demonstrating that too high nitrate concentrations can negatively influence tilapia production in RAS. Here, we recommend not exceeding concentrations of 500 mg L−1 -N in juvenile tilapia culture to ensure an optimal health and growth status of the fish, as below that concentration no effects on the tilapia have been observed.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Lymphatic Zip Codes in Premalignant Lesions and Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Lymphatic Zip Codes in Premalignant Lesions and Tumors
Light-Vehicle Occupancy and Severe Injury by Vehicle and Crash Type (2013)

On average, there were 1.35 occupants involved in a crash per vehicle. Severely injured occupants were uncommon in 5+ occupancy vehicles. There was a trend for increased injury risks with occupancy. The risk was 1.65 times higher in vehicles with 7+ occupants compared to those with a driver only.
Synthesis of Methoxy-Substituted Phenols by Peracid Oxidation of the Aromatic Ring (2005)

[reaction: see text] A novel benign protocol for the preparation of hydroxy-methoxybenzene derivatives is disclosed. By utilizing this protocol, activated aromatic compounds such as 1,3-dimethoxy-2-methyl-benzene and 1-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanone are smoothly converted to the corresponding monohydroxylated compound. The reaction can be considered to be a normal aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, and the regioselectivity for the reaction thus follows the similar rules as for electrophilic substitutions. The protocol is composed by benign reagents, namely, hydogenperoxide, acetic acid, and p-toluene sulfonic acid, which lead to the production of ethaneperoxoic acid in situ. The ethaneperoxoic acid operates as the hydroxylating reagent. The hydroxylation reaction is completed within a short period and requires moreover only mild experimental conditions, which make this novel protocol a green, cheap, and rapid process leading to hydroxy-methoxybenzene derivatives. The proposed reaction mechanism is supported by density functional theory and NMR spectroscopy experiments. The mechanism is constituted by two discrete steps: (a) addition of OH+ to the most nucleophilic carbon atom of the aromatic ring, which is the rate-determining step, and (b) the loss of the proton from the aromatic ring.
Performance Improvement of Path Planning algorithms with Deep Learning Encoder Model (2020)

Currently, path planning algorithms are used in many daily tasks. They are relevant to find the best route in traffic and make autonomous robots able to navigate. The use of path planning presents some issues in large and dynamic environments. Large environments make these algorithms spend much time finding the shortest path. On the other hand, dynamic environments request a new execution of the algorithm each time a change occurs in the environment, and it increases the execution time. The dimensionality reduction appears as a solution to this problem, which in this context means removing useless paths present in those environments. Most of the algorithms that reduce dimensionality are limited to the linear correlation of the input data. Recently, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Encoder was used to overcome this situation since it can use both linear and non-linear information to reduce data. This paper analyzes in-depth the performance to eliminate the useless paths using this CNN Encoder model. To measure the mentioned model efficiency, we combined it with different path planning algorithms. Next, the final algorithms (combined and not combined) are checked in a database composed of five scenarios. Each scenario contains fixed and dynamic obstacles. Their proposed model, the CNN Encoder, associated with other existent path planning algorithms in the literature, was able to obtain a time decrease to find the shortest path compared to all path planning algorithms analyzed. the average decreased time was 54.43%.
Data associated with the publication: Suppression of ionic doping by molecular dopants in conjugated polymers for improving specificity and sensitivity in biosensing applications (2021)

The original data for the publication. The data consists of spreadsheets showing the electronic characterizations of all the compositions, including different polymers and dopant levels, at different pH. The highest level of folders is labelled according to the type of device used. Then, subfolders are associated with different compositions or experimental conditions. The spreadsheets themselves contain raw electrical data for each combination. The spreadsheets are the sources of data used to construct the plots that report the observations and trends in the manuscript. Article abstract: Ionic doping effects in conjugated polymers often cause nonspecific signaling and a low selectivity of bioelectronic sensing. Using remote-gate field-effect transistor characterization of molecular and ionic doping in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and acid-functionalized polythiophene, poly[3-(3-carboxypropyl) thiophene-2,5-diyl] (PT-COOH), we discovered that proton doping effects on the interfacial potential occurring in P3HT could be suppressed by sequentially doping P3HT by 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ). To be specific, intrinsic pH sensitivity shown by pure P3HT (18 mV/pH in a range from pH 3 to 9) was fully dissipated for doped P3HT:F4TCNQ. However, F4TCNQ sequential doping instead increases pH sensitivity of acid-functionalized polythiophene, PT-COOH (40 mV/pH), compared to that of a pure PT-COOH (30 mV/pH). Interactions between polythiophene backbone and side chains, which constrain the activity of COOH, are weakened by stronger F4TCNQ doping leaving behind responsive COOH groups exposed to aqueous solutions. This is supported by the reduced pH sensitivity of PT-COOH sequentially doped by a weaker dopant, tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) (21 mV/pH). Thus, doping is shown to stabilize a nonpolar conjugated polymer to pH-induced fluctuations on one hand, and to activate a COOH side chain to pH-induced response on the other.
Piconewton force measurement using a nanometric photonic crystal diaphragm (2014)

A compact force fiber sensor capable of measuring forces at the piconewton level is reported. It consists of a miniature Fabry-Perot cavity fabricated at the tip a single-mode fiber, in which the external reflector is a compliant photonic-crystal diaphragm that deflects when subjected to a force. In the laboratory environment, this sensor was able to detect a force of only ∼4 pN generated by the radiation pressure of a laser beam. Its measured minimum detectable force (MDF) at 3 kHz was as weak as 1.3 pN/√Hz. In a quiet environment, the measured noise was ∼16 times lower, and the MDF predicted to be ∼76 fN/√Hz.
Very rapid virologic response and early HCV response kinetics, as quick measures to compare efficacy and guide a personalized response-guided therapy (2016)

We can conclude from our study that the early HCV response kinetics and the vRVR rates could be used as sensitive quick markers for efficacy (with a very high positive predictive value for SVR12), based on our accelerated comparative efficacy research model. This might open the way for new models of accelerated equivalence efficacy studies along with the bioequivalence kinetics studies to test a generic drug against a reference. Also, the early response kinetics and the vRVR might be used as qualifiers for a personalized course of treatment. This could shorten unnecessarily long treatment courses in rapid responders and might help to avoid relapses in slow responders.
Synthesis of activated alkenes bearing the difluoromethylenephosphonate group: a range of building blocks for the synthesis of secondary difluorophosphonates (1999)

Active methylene compounds reacted readily with stable hydrate 2-diethoxyphosphoryl-2,2-difluoroethane-1,1-diol to afford a range of activated alkenes bearing the difluoromethylenephosphonate group, a useful motif in the synthesis of phosphate ester mimics of biological interest. Wadsworth–Horner–Emmons reactions were employed using modified Rathke conditions for the syntheses of alkenoates, an alkenoic acid and a vinyl sulfone, while a Henry reaction followed by E1cB dehydration afforded an enedioate and a nitroalkene. A vinyl sulfoxide was less straightforward to synthesise and dephosphorylation to a difluoromethyl congener accompanied attempts to force the reaction to completion.
Structure of a phenyl dioxocyclam nickel complex (1993)

The molecule, (3-phenyl- 1,5,8, 12-tetraazacyclotetradecane-2,4-dionato-N,N',N'',N''')nickel(II), has near-mirror symmetry with its two amine N-H bonds directed to the same side of the coordination plane. The Ni-N(amide) bonds are shorter than the Ni-N(amine) bonds [mean values 1.880 (2) and 1.937 (2) A, respectively]. The crystal contains an extensive network of hydrogen bonds
T1 Carbon Transmitter Model for Use in Computer-Aided Analysis of Telephone Set Transmission Characteristics (1975)

A carbon transmitter model is presented, the purpose of which is to serve as a tool for computer-aided analysis of telephone set transmission characteristics. The derivation of the model is based upon the physical theory of the device. The parameters in the model are evaluated by comparing the analytically derived expressions for the device characteristics to the measured characteristics of a typical device. Because these parameters are related to the physical theory, the model not only serves its desired practical end, but also serves as a vehicle whereby an understanding is obtained of the relationship between device characteristics and physical theory.
Colorectal and bladder prokinetic activity of [Lys5, MeLeu9, Nle10]-NKA(4–10) after intranasal or sublingual delivery in dogs (2023)

The feasibility of eliciting defecation and urination after intranasal (IN) or sublingual (SL) delivery of a small peptide NK2 receptor agonist, [Lys<sup>5</sup>, MeLeu<sup>9</sup>, Nle<sup>10</sup>]-NKA<sub>(4-10)</sub>, was examined using prototype formulations in dogs. In anesthetized animals, administration of 100 or 300 µg/kg IN or 2.0-6.7 mg/kg SL increased colorectal peak pressure and area under the curve. Peak bladder pressure was also increased at the same doses, and this was accompanied by highly efficient voiding at normal physiological bladder pressure. The onset of these effects was rapid (≤2.5 min), and the primary contractions lasted ∼25 min, returning to baseline in <60 min. Slight hypotension lasting a few minutes and causing <10% change from baseline was detected after higher doses and was statistically significant after only 100 µg/kg IN. In conscious dogs, there was a dose-related increase in voiding responses and reduction in the latency to urinate and defecate after 300 and 1000 µg/kg IN; emesis was also observed at these doses. SL administration of 6.7 mg/kg induced urination within 10 min, but not defecation or emesis. These findings support the feasibility of developing a convenient dosage form of small peptide NK2 receptor agonists as on-demand defecation or urination therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Borate Esters. Part 8. Interactions of Cations with Oxyacid Anion‐Bridged Esters of D‐Glucarate in Alkaline Media. (1987)

Abstract Cation coordination is studied in aqueous cation/borate/D‐glucarate systems using 11 B NMR spectroscopy.
Autoimmune diseases and myelodysplastic syndromes (2016)

Immune dysregulation and altered T-cell hemostasis play important roles in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Recent studies suggest an increased risk of MDS among patients with autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigated the prevalence of autoimmune diseases among MDS patients, comparing characteristics and outcomes in those with and without autoimmune diseases. From our study group of 1408 MDS patients, 391 (28%) had autoimmune disease, with hypothyroidism being the most common type, accounting for 44% (n = 171) of patients (12% among all MDS patients analyzed). Other autoimmune diseases with ≥5% prevalence included idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in 12% (n = 46), rheumatoid arthritis in 10% (n = 41), and psoriasis in 7% (n = 28) of patients. Autoimmune diseases were more common in female MDS patients, those with RA or RCMD WHO subtype, and those who were less dependent on red blood cell transfusion. Median overall survival (OS) was 60 months (95% CI, 50-70) for patients with autoimmune diseases versus 45 months (95% CI, 40-49) for those without (log-rank test, P = 0.006). By multivariate analysis adjusting for revised IPSS and age >60 years, autoimmune diseases were a statistically significant independent factor for OS (HR 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.92; P = 0.004). The rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transformation was 23% (n = 89) in MDS patients with autoimmune disease versus 30% (n = 301) in those without (P = 0.011). Patient groups did not differ in response to azacitidine or lenalidomide treatment. Autoimmune diseases are prevalent among MDS patients. MDS patients with autoimmune diseases have better OS and less AML transformation.
Decay of 138Eu and 136Eu and Deformation in the Light Sm Region (1986)

The remote region of deformation in the very light rare earth region has been investigated by observation of the decay of 138Eu and 136Eu. These nuclei were produced with 48Ti beams incident on 92Mo targets and mass separated on-line at the UNISOR facility. Fifteen gamma rays associated with a 12±1 s activity attributed to 138Eu decay have been identified and ten of these placed in a decay scheme. The 2+→0+ transition in 136Sm has also been identified. These results are compared to IBM2 and cranking model predictions.
Simultaneous dehydration with consolidation for v.a.d. method (1979)

A technique has been developed for simultaneously dehydrating and consolidating preforms prepared by the v.a.d. method of optical-fibre fabrication. The residual OH content has been reduced to 0.03 p.p.m. By controlling the dehydration process, no depletion of GeO2 has been observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Multitargeted Drug Development: Discovery and Profiling of Dihydroxy Substituted 1‐Aza‐9‐oxafluorenes as Lead Compounds Targeting Alzheimer Disease Relevant Kinases. (2013)

Abstract Two new nanomolar active CDK1, CDK5/p25 and GSK‐3β inhibitors of the 3,6‐dihydroxy‐1‐aza‐9‐oxafluorene type (IV) are discovered.
Sandia’s Supercritical CO2 Direct Cycle Gas Fast Reactor (SC-GFR) Concept (2011)

The advanced nuclear concept group at Sandia National Laboratories has been investigating two advance right size reactors (RSR); this paper will discuss one of these two systems. The supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2), direct cycle gas fast reactor (SC-GFR) concept was developed to determine the feasibility of a RSR type concept using S-CO2 as the working fluid in a direct cycle fast reactor. Although a significant amount of work is still required, this type of reactor concept maintains some potentially significant advantages over ideal gas-cooled systems and liquid metal-cooled systems. The analyses presented in this paper show that a relatively small long-life reactor core could be developed that maintains decay heat removal by natural circulation. The SC-GFR concept is a relatively small (200 MWth) fast reactor that is cooled with CO2 at a pressure of 20 MPa. The CO2 flows out of the reactor vessel at ∼650°C directly into a turbine-generator unit to produce electrical power. The thermodynamic cycle that is used for the power conversion is a supercritical gas Brayton cycle with CO2 as the working fluid. With the CO2 gas near the critical point after the heat rejection portion of the cycle, it can be compressed with less power as compared to a standard gas Brayton cycle, thereby allowing for a higher thermal efficiency at the same turbine inlet temperature. A cycle efficiency of 45–50% is theoretically achievable for an optimized configuration. The major advantages of the concept include the following: • High thermal efficiency at relatively low reactor outlet temperatures; • Compact, cost-effective, power conversion system; • Non-flammable, stable, inert, non-toxic, inexpensive, and well-characterized coolant; • Potential long-life core and closed fuel cycle; • Small void reactivity worth from loss of coolant; • Natural convection decay heat removal; • Feasible design using today’s technologies. The goal of this work was to develop a SC-GFR concept and perform scoping analyses, including a review of other concepts that are similar in nature, to determine concept feasibility, advantages, disadvantages, and issues requiring further investigation. Overall, the SC-GFR concept as described in this paper appears feasible and warrants further study.
Response and survival for primary therapy combination regimens and maintenance rituximab in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (2018)

Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) is a rare and incurable lymphoma. Comparative studies evaluating the efficacy of primary therapy in symptomatic WM patients have not been performed. In this study, we compared response and survival outcomes in WM patients who received primary therapy with cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone-rituximab (CDR), bortezomib-dexamethasone-rituximab (BDR) and bendamustine-rituximab (Benda-R), as well as maintenance rituximab following primary therapy. Analyses were adjusted for relevant clinical factors associated with response and survival. Maintenance rituximab was analysed as a time-varying covariate. Our study included 182 patients, of which 57 (31%) received Benda-R, 87 (48%) BDR and 38 (21%) CDR; 116 (64%) received maintenance rituximab. The median time to best response was shorter for Benda-R and BDR than CDR (18, 20 and 30 months, respectively). Benda-R and BDR were associated with better median progression-free survival (PFS) than CDR (5·5, 5·8 and 4·8 years, respectively), and better 10-year overall survival rates (OS; 95%, 96% and 81%, respectively). Maintenance rituximab was associated with higher rates of major response (97% vs. 68%), and better median PFS (6·8 years vs. 2·8 years) and 10-year OS rate (84% vs. 66%) when compared to not receiving maintenance. Benda-R, BDR and maintenance rituximab associate with higher response rates and longer survival in WM patients than CDR and no maintenance, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: NITRIERUNGSUNTERSUCHUNGEN 18. MITT. UMWANDLUNG NIEDERER NITROALKANE IN HOEHERE GLIEDER DIESER REIHE (1973)

Abstract Primäre Nitroalkane (I) reagieren mit den Oxo‐Verbindungen (II) zu den Nitrocarbinolen (IIIa), die nach Acetylierung zu (IIIb) mit Basen die Nitroolefine (IV) ergeben, die zu den gesättigten Vertretern (V) reduziert werden.