gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excess noise of an Er/Yb fiber superfluorescent radiation source (1997)

A study is made of the noise in the output intensity of a high-power superfluorescent fiber radiation source generating 20 mW in the 1.55 μm region of the spectrum. The source is constructed in an all-fiber technology from a quartz fiber activated with ytterbium and erbium. It is found that the spectral density of the noise in the frequency range 100–500 kHz is uniform and corresponds to the excess noise of “thermal” sources. It is shown that the noise in the output intensity of the source can be compensated (decreased by an order of magnitude) in a two-channel scheme of photodetection, where it approaches a level close to the photon shot noise.
ChemInform Abstract: Protein‐Targeted Gadolinium‐Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Contrast Agents: Design and Mechanism of Action (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P092: Estimating the dosimetric benefit of involved-node radiotherapy in comparison to involved-field radiotherapy - implications from the GHSG HD 17 trial (2022)

Table 1: Size of the planning targe volume (PTV) and dose exposure to organs at risks in comparison between involved-field (IFRT) radiotherapy and involved-node radiotherapy (INRT). Gy: Gray Question: The HD17 trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group evaluated the value of consolidative involved-node (IN)RT for patients with PET-positivity after chemotherapy and enabled a comparison between INRT and involved-field (IF)RT [1]. The present work analyzes the organs at risk (OAR) exposure of the performed RT. Methods/Material: For dosimetric evaluation, all INRT-plans in the HD 17 trial were requested and compared to a random selection of IFRT-cases in the standard arm. Dose-volume histograms (DVH), either paper-based or digital, were analyzed using SPSS (version 28, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). For comparisons between the two RT concepts, a two-sided t-test or a Mann-Whitney U test was used with a p-value < 0.05 considered as significant. Results: In total, 148 DVH (INRT: 112, IFRT: 36) could be evaluated. Details on planning target volume (PTV) size and OAR exposure are shown in table 1. The introduction of INRT decreased the PTV size without reaching statistical significance. There was a consistent decrease in OAR-doses with INRT except for V5 in both lungs and V10 and Dmean in the right lung. Despite the dosimetric advantages, significant differences in favor of INRT could only be found for the spinal cord and thyroid. Conclusion: INRT, in comparison to IFRT, decreases PTV-size and OAR exposure and may help to comply with modern dose constraints [2]. Literature 1. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Feb;22(2):223-234. 2. Blood. 2019 Mar 21;133(12):1384-1385.
Performance of a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography–Derived Risk-Stratification Tool for High-risk and Very High-risk Prostate Cancer (2021)

These findings suggest that PSMA upstage probability is associated with long-term, clinically meaningful end points. Furthermore, PSMA upstaging had superior risk discrimination compared with existing tools. Formerly occult, PSMA PET/CT-detectable nonlocalized disease may be the main driver of outcomes in high-risk patients.
a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells on 50 µm Thick Wafers With Rear Point Contacts (2008)

Crystalline silicon thin film processes for thicknesses in the 20 - 80 @m range are more and more interesting given the issue of silicon shortage. Layer Transfer Processes (LTP) were widely investigated to obtain thin films because of the unavailability of suitable wire sawing. LTP avoids hazardous handling with fragile layers and silicon waste during sawing. In addition, a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cells are well suited to reduce the photovoltaic power cost. High efficiency on bulk substrate has been demonstrated by Sanyo Corporation and the low temperature process, less than 250 °C, ensures economical gain. In this paper, we present the fabrication of 26 cm2 solar cells on 50 -70 @m thick CZ wafers. The emitter is obtained either by a-Si:H (n+) deposition or by phosphorus diffusion. A 10 % efficiency solar cell on 52 @m thick silicon substrate has been achieved with a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction. Further improvement is expected with an optimized ITO deposition and a progress in fill factor. Moreover, we also evaluate the effects of rear point contacts obtained by lithography through a dielectric layer. LBIC measurement has been used and a relative 10 % enhancement of photogenerated current has been observed at wavelength 980 nm on no contacted area compared to point contacts area. Moreover defects at the silicon metallization interface can be revealed. Such characterization has been made on 45 @m thick transferred layer.
Impact of backside process on high aspect ratio via-middle Cu through silicon via reliability (2017)

For 3D chip stacking using via-middle Cu Through Silicon Via (TSV), the TSV liner/barrier reliability needs to be preserved during the whole backside process flow. In this paper, the impact of backside process on the via-middle TSV liner/barrier material reliability is investigated and a reliable liner/barrier implementation is proposed for high aspect ratio via-middle TSV integration process.
Commentary: Crossing the Atlantic: The Euro‐Lupus Nephritis Regimen in North America (2015)

The ACCESS study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled Phase II clinical trial designed to rigorously evaluate the efficacy and safety of CTLA4Ig (abatacept) in combination with cyclophosphamide, compared to cyclophosphamide alone, for the treatment of lupus nephritis in individuals diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Fast and easy crowdsourced perceptual audio evaluation (2016)

Automated objective methods of audio evaluation are fast, cheap, and require little effort by the investigator. However, objective evaluation methods do not exist for the output of all audio processing algorithms, often have output that correlates poorly with human quality assessments, and require ground truth data in their calculation. Subjective human ratings of audio quality are the gold standard for many tasks, but are expensive, slow, and require a great deal of effort to recruit subjects and run listening tests. Moving listening tests from the lab to the micro-task labor market of Amazon Mechanical Turk speeds data collection and reduces investigator effort. However, it also reduces the amount of control investigators have over the testing environment, adding new variability and potential biases to the data. In this work, we compare multiple stimulus listening tests performed in a lab environment to multiple stimulus listening tests performed in web environment on a population drawn from Mechanical Turk.
300 μs Short Interval Continuous Capturing Image Sensor with C-axis Aligned Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor FET/p-channel Silicon FET Stacked CMOS Structure (2014)

2014 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,300 μs Short Interval Continuous Capturing Image Sensor with C-axis Aligned Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor FET/p-channel Silicon FET Stacked CMOS Structure
Selective attachment of multiple cell types on thermally responsive polymer (2004)

Programmable surface chemistry has been achieved by depositing a temperature sensitive polymer onto arrays of micro-fabricated metallic heaters. Activating a single heater causes a localized change in the device surface chemistry from non-fouling to fouling in an aqueous environment. Two types of proteins and two types of cells were used to demonstrate localized immobilization of proteins and cells on such surface. These experiments show, for the first time, selective cell attachments on thermally responsive polymer controlled by a micro heater array. It suggests a new approach to realize proteomic chips and cell chips.
COMPARISON OF LONG‐ACTING ANALOGUES OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE IN MAN (1979)

Currently, LHRH, when used therapeutically, is given by parenteral injection every 8 h. We have looked at the release of LH and FSH induced by five analogues of LHRH and compared this with gonadotrophin release after synthetic LHRH. The analogues were substituted in position 6 or in positions 6 and 10 and were given intravenously, intranasally or subcutaneously in three separate studies. After intravenous administration of 100 micrograms, all analogues caused greater release of LH and FSH than did synthetic LHRH. Given intranasally in a dose of 500 micrograms, three of the four analogues tested caused greater LH and FSH release than did LHRH. With tryptophan substitution in position 6 (D-TRP6-LHRH), mean LH levels in five subjects were still above the normal range 24 h after a single intranasal dose. The intranasal administration of selected analogues of LHRH has great potential in the treatment of conditions associated with deficient gonadotrophin secretion, provided that pituitary overstimulation, which may eventually lead to a decrease in LH and FSH output by the anterior pituitary, is avoided.
Vertical Growth of Ge Nanowires from Biotemplated Au Nanoparticle Catalysts (2008)

Semiconductor nanowires are being actively investigated because of their unique physical properties and potential applications in nanoelectronics and optoelectronic devices. However, current hurdles for device integration include the lack of control over the orientation, location, and packing density of nanowires. This communication presents for the first time the use of a unique, bottom-up approach for the catalyzed growth of semiconductor nanowires via biological templating. High-density, vertically oriented growth of Ge nanowires with monodispersed diameters and spacings was achieved through patterning of very small sized (5-20 nm) Au nanoparticles using bacterial surface-layer proteins as a template. We envision the applicability of this biotemplating approach to a variety of nanowires and substrate materials.
Reactivity of the Excited States of the H-Cluster of FeFe Hydrogenases (2016)

FeFe hydrogenases catalyze H<sub>2</sub> oxidation and formation at an inorganic active site (the "H-cluster"), which consists of a [Fe<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>3</sub>(CN)<sub>2</sub>(dithiomethylamine)] subcluster covalently attached to a Fe<sub>4</sub>S<sub>4</sub> subcluster. This active site is photosensitive: visible light has been shown to induce the release of exogenous CO (a reversible inhibitor of the enzyme), shuffle the intrinsic CO ligands, and even destroy the H-cluster. These reactions must be understood because they may negatively impact the use of hydrogenase for the photoproduction of H<sub>2</sub>. Here, we explore in great detail the reactivity of the excited states of the H-cluster under catalytic conditions by examining, both experimentally and using TDDFT calculations, the simplest photochemical reaction: the binding and release of exogenous CO. A simple dyad model can be used to predict which excitations are active. This strategy could be used for probing other aspects of the photoreactivity of the H-cluster.
4th International Congress on Green Process Engineering (GPE2014; Sevilla, Spain, April 7–10, 2014) (2014)

Article 4th International Congress on Green Process Engineering (GPE2014; Sevilla, Spain, April 7–10, 2014) was published on October 1, 2014 in the journal Green Processing and Synthesis (volume 3, issue 5).
A 5800-$\mu$ m2 Resistor-Based Temperature Sensor With a One-Point Trimmed Inaccuracy of ±1.2 °C ($3\sigma$ ) From −50 °C to 105 °C in 65-nm CMOS (2019)

This letter describes a compact resistor-based temperature sensor intended for the thermal monitoring of microprocessors and DRAMs. It consists of an RC poly phase filter (PPF) that is read out by a frequency-locked loop (FLL) based on a dual zero-crossing (ZC) detection scheme. The sensor, fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, occupies 5800 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and achieves moderate accuracy [±1.2 °C (3σ)] over a wide temperature range (-50 °C to 105 °C) after a one-point trim. This is 2x better than the previous compact resistor-based sensors. Operating from 0.85 to 1.3-V supplies, it consumes 32.5-μA and achieves 2.8-mK resolution in a 1-ms conversion time, which corresponds to a resolution FoM of 0.26 pJ·K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
GEROS-ISS: Ocean Remote Sensing with GNSS Reflectometry from the International Space Station (2016)

In response to an European Space Agency (ESA) announcement of opportunity for climate change relevant science aboard the ISS, the GEROS-ISS (GEROS hereafter) proposal was submitted in 2011 and accepted by ESA to proceed to Phase A. GEROS-ISS is an innovative experiment primarily focused on exploiting reflected signals of opportunity from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) at L-band to measure key parameters of ocean surfaces. GEROS will utilize the U.S. American GPS (Global Positioning System) and pioneer the exploitation of signals from Galileo and possibly other GNSS systems (GLONASS, QZSS, BeiDou), for reflectometry and occultation, thereby improving the accuracy as well as the spatio-temporal resolution of the derived geophysical properties. The primary mission objectives of GEROS are: (1) to measure the altimetric sea surface height of the ocean using reflected GNSS signals to allow methodology demonstration, establishment of error budget and resolutions and comparison/synergy with results of satellite based nadir-pointing altimeters and (2) to retrieve scalar ocean surface mean square slope (MSS), which is related to sea roughness, wind speed and direction, with a GNSS spaceborne receiver to allow methodology testing, establishment of error budget and resolutions. Secondary objectives include the generation of the 2D MSS or directional MSS retrieval and the associated proof-of-concept scientific data product. Secondary mission objectives, which increase the scientific value of the GEROS data, but are not driving the instrument developments, are: (1) to further explore the potential of GNSS radio occultation data (vertical profiles of atmospheric bending angle, refractivity, temperature, pressure, humidity and electron density), particularly in the Tropics, to detect changes in atmospheric temperature and climate relevant parameters (e.g., tropopause height) and to provide additional information for the analysis of the reflectometry data from GEROS and (2) to assess the potential of GNSS scatterometry for land applications and in particular to develop products such as soil moisture, vegetation biomass, and mid-latitudes snow/ice properties to better understand anthropogenic climate change. A Science Advisory Group (SAG) was formed by ESA Mid 2013 and the initial definition of the GEROS mission and system requirements was completed end of 2013. Two industrial phase A studies were started end of 2014, complemented by the scientific study GARCA (GNSS-R – Assessment of Requirements and Consolidation of Retrieval Algorithms) to develop an End2End Simulator for the preparation of the GEROS-Mission and to perform Observing-System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) to assess the oceanographic significance of the expected measurements and to demonstrate the usefulness of the GEROS concept. The presentation will give an overview on the current status of the GEROS experiment, review the science activities within the international GARCA study and related ESA-supported science activities.
Deep learning in breast cancer risk assessment: evaluation of convolutional neural networks on a clinical dataset of full-field digital mammograms (2017)

To evaluate deep learning in the assessment of breast cancer risk in which convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with transfer learning are used to extract parenchymal characteristics directly from full-field digital mammographic (FFDM) images instead of using computerized radiographic texture analysis (RTA), 456 clinical FFDM cases were included: a "high-risk" BRCA1/2 gene-mutation carriers dataset (53 cases), a "high-risk" unilateral cancer patients dataset (75 cases), and a "low-risk dataset" (328 cases). Deep learning was compared to the use of features from RTA, as well as to a combination of both in the task of distinguishing between high- and low-risk subjects. Similar classification performances were obtained using CNN [area under the curve [Formula: see text]; standard error [Formula: see text]] and RTA ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]) in distinguishing BRCA1/2 carriers and low-risk women. However, in distinguishing unilateral cancer patients and low-risk women, performance was significantly greater with CNN ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]) compared to RTA ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text]). Fusion classifiers performed significantly better than the RTA-alone classifiers with AUC values of 0.86 and 0.84 in differentiating BRCA1/2 carriers from low-risk women and unilateral cancer patients from low-risk women, respectively. In conclusion, deep learning extracted parenchymal characteristics from FFDMs performed as well as, or better than, conventional texture analysis in the task of distinguishing between cancer risk populations.
Dichloro(4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[5.5.2]tetradecane)iron(III) hexafluorophosphate (2006)

The title compound, [FeCl2(C12H26N4)]PF6, is the first mononuclear Fe3+ complex of an ethylene cross-bridged tetraaza-macrocycle to be structurally characterized. Comparison with the mononuclear Fe2+ complex of the same ligand shows that the smaller Fe3+ ion is more fully encapsulated by the cavity of the bicyclic ligand. Comparison with the mu-oxo dinuclear complex of an unsubstituted ligand of the same size demonstrates that the methyl groups of 4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[5.5.2]tetradecane prevent dimerization upon oxidation of the metal centre. Nax -Fe3+ -Nax bond angles (ax is axial), and thus the degree of encapsulation by the ligand, are quite different between the mononuclear and dinuclear mu-oxo species, which is probably the consequence of steric considerations.
The proper purpose rule after Grand View v Wong (2023)

Journal Article The proper purpose rule after Grand View v Wong Get access Toby Graham, Toby Graham Toby Graham, Partner and Head of Contentious Trusts and Estates, Farrer & Co, 66 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LH, UK. Email: Toby.Graham@Farrer.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Russell David Russell David Russell AM KC, Outer Temple Chambers, 222 Strand, London, UK and The Gate, DIFC, Dubai, UAE. Email: David.RussellKC@outertemple.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Trusts & Trustees, Volume 29, Issue 2, March 2023, Pages 89–100, https://doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttad004 Published: 16 March 2023
Applied Nonlinear Dynamics: Advances in Antenna Technology (2003)

As bandwidth requirements and operating frequencies increase, the fundamental limitations of solid‐state devices become significant. These limitations include a considerable decrease in power‐combining efficiency due to increased ohmic losses at these higher frequencies and maximum output powers proportional to 2f‐ owing to size reductions necessary to diminish capacitive and time‐delay effects. To address these issues, the coherent addition of the output from arrays of individual solid‐state elements has been proposed. Realization of this solution has relied on exploiting the dynamics of coupled, nonlinear oscillators. Viewing these devices as dynamical systems, antenna technology stands to benefit from the leveraging of decades of research in nonlinear dynamics, allowing for novel approaches towards beam forming and signal processing. The focus of this presentation will be a review of the development of the underlying theory of coupled oscillator synchronization and its relevance to antenna design. In addition, current efforts, both theoretical and experimental, in this field by the authors will be presented as well as directions for future research.
Lumit: a novel bioluminescent, homogenous immunoassay platform for analyte detection (2022)

Abstract The detection of a specific analyte in a complex mixture by an immunoassay is a common procedure in many bioanalytical workflows. Immunoassays rely on the interaction between labeled antibodies and the analyte of interest. We have developed Lumit, a novel bioluminescent labeling approach allowing no-wash immunoassays amenable for high-throughput applications. Lumit immunoassay technology is based on an adaptation of NanoBiT® luciferase, a structural complementation system that consists of the Large BiT (LgBiT; 18 kDa) subunit and a small, complementary peptide, Small BiT (SmBiT; 11 amino acids), that has low affinity for LgBiT. Antibodies labeled with LgBiT or SmBiT subunits are brought into proximity due to binding to a target analyte. This facilitated complementation reconstitutes an active luciferase and generates light proportional to the amount of analyte present. This detection chemistry has several advantages over traditional ELISA workflows, including a no-transfer and no-wash protocol suitable for automation, fast detection time (30 – 90 minutes), and a broad dynamic range mitigating the need for sample dilutions. Here, we present a variety of applications of Lumit technology to detect analytes in immunology research. Examples include detection of cytokines from activated cultured immune cells using labeled primary antibodies, the detection of antibody-Fc receptor binding, the detection of protein phosphorylation using labeled secondary antibodies, and detection of the PD1: PDL1 interaction using labeled anti-tag antibodies.
Selective Vapor Monitoring Using Individual Multivariable RFID Sensors (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cheryl Surman, Nandini Nagraj, Matthew Pietrzykowski, William Morris, Zhexiong Tang, Radislav A. Potyrailo; Selective Vapor Monitoring Using Individual Multivariable RFID Sensors. AIP Conference Proceedings 6 September 2011; 1362 (1): 35–36. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3626297 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
3-O-isobutyrylkinamycin C and 4-deacetyl-4-O-isobutyrylkinamycin C, new antibiotics produced by a Saccharothrix species. (1989)

During the course of a screening program for antibiotics produced by a Saccharothrix, two new kinamycins 1 and 2 have been isolated from cultured broth of strain MI293-N4. They inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and neo-