gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental PCEP-Adjuvanted Swine Influenza H1N1 Vaccine Induced Strong Immune Responses but Did Not Protect Piglets against Heterologous H3N2 Virus Challenge (2020)

Vaccination is the most efficient method of protection against influenza infections. However, the rapidly mutating viruses and development of new strains make it necessary to develop new influenza vaccines annually. Hence, vaccines that stimulate cross-protection against multiple influenza subtypes are highly sought. Recent evidence suggests that adjuvants such as PCEP that promote Th1-type T cell and Th2-type T cell immune responses and broad-spectrum immune responses may confer cross-protection against heterologous influenza strains. In this study, we evaluated whether the immunogenic and protective potential of PCEP-adjuvanted inactivated swine influenza virus H1N1 vaccine can protect pigs immunized against live H3N2 virus. Piglets were vaccinated via the intradermal route with PCEP-adjuvanted inactivated swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 vaccine, boosted at day 21 with the same vaccines then challenged with infectious SIV H3N2 virus at day 35 via the tracheobronchial route. The pigs showed significant anti-H1N1 SIV specific antibody titres and H1N1 SIV neutralizing antibody titres, and these serum titres remained after the challenge with the H3N2 virus. In contrast, vaccination with anti-H1N1 SIV did not trigger anti-H3N2 SIV antibody titres or neutralizing antibody titres and these titres remained low until pigs were challenged with H3N2 SIV. At necropsy (six days after challenge), we collected prescapular lymph nodes and tracheobronchial draining the vaccination sites and challenge site, respectively. ELISPOTs from lymph node cells restimulated ex vivo with inactivated SIV H1N1 showed significant production of IFN-γ in the tracheobronchial cells, but not the prescapular lymph nodes. In contrast, lymph node cells restimulated ex vivo with inactivated SIV H1N1 showed significantly higher IL-13 and IL-17A in the prescapular lymph nodes draining the vaccination sites relative to unchallenged animals. Lung lesion scores show that intradermal vaccination with H1N1 SIV plus PCEP did not prevent lesions when the animals were challenged with H3N2. These results confirm previous findings that PCEP is effective as a vaccine adjuvant in that it induces strong immune responses and protects against homologous swine influenza H1N1 virus, but the experimental H1N1 vaccine failed to cross-protect against heterologous H3N2 virus.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Retinol Palmitate (Vitamin A) for Symptomatic Chronic Radiation Proctopathy (2004)

In our trial, retinol palmitate significantly reduced rectal symptoms of radiation proctopathy, perhaps because of wound-healing effects. The current results can serve as the foundation for future trials examining retinol palmitate in the multi-institutional setting.
Durable Complete Response from Metastatic Melanoma after Transfer of Autologous T Cells Recognizing 10 Mutated Tumor Antigens (2016)

Immunotherapy treatment of patients with metastatic cancer has assumed a prominent role in the clinic. Durable complete response rates of 20% to 25% are achieved in patients with metastatic melanoma following adoptive cell transfer of T cells derived from metastatic lesions, responses that appear in some patients to be mediated by T cells that predominantly recognize mutated antigens. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of the reactivity of T cells administered to a patient with metastatic melanoma who exhibited a complete response for over 3 years after treatment. Over 4,000 nonsynonymous somatic mutations were identified by whole-exome sequence analysis of the patient's autologous normal and tumor cell DNA. Autologous B cells transfected with 720 mutated minigenes corresponding to the most highly expressed tumor cell transcripts were then analyzed for their ability to stimulate the administered T cells. Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes recognized 10 distinct mutated gene products, but not the corresponding wild-type products, each of which was recognized in the context of one of three different MHC class I restriction elements expressed by the patient. Detailed clonal analysis revealed that 9 of the top 20 most prevalent clones present in the infused T cells, comprising approximately 24% of the total cells, recognized mutated antigens. Thus, we have identified and enriched mutation-reactive T cells and suggest that such analyses may lead to the development of more effective therapies for the treatment of patients with metastatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(8); 669-78. ©2016 AACR.
p-i-n High-Speed Photodiodes for X-Ray and Infrared Imagers Fabricated by In Situ-Doped APCVD Germanium Homoepitaxy (2020)

Design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement have been performed using a new method for obtaining high-speed p-i-n germanium photodiodes for use in backside imaging arrays. These devices are proof-of-principal in situ-doped vertical mesa structures fabricated using single-wafer, atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) homoepitaxy on Czochralski-grown Ge substrates. Excellent impurity profiles resulting from in situ doping, as measured by spreading-resistance profilometry, were 5 × 1016, 2 × 1015, and 2 × 1018 (cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> ) for the p-type anode, i-region absorber, and n+ cathode, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed very-low defect densities in the epitaxial layers. The diodes, with diameters ranging 100-500 μm, exhibited excellent ideality (n = 1.15) and less than 1-μA dark current, corresponding to up to 80 kV-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> electric field in the smallest devices. Avalanche breakdown bias was consistently at a magnitude of 50 V or lower. External quantum efficiencies in the near-infrared spectrum peaked at 70%. Pulsed illumination experiments, both in the infrared and X-ray regions, showed pulse rise times in the 100-140 ps range, indicating excellent applicability of this method to high-speed X-ray or infrared applications.
Modelling and design of Micro-Opto-Mechanical Pressure Sensors in the presence of residual stresses (2017)

This paper presents the modelling of a Micro-Opto-Mechanical Pressure Sensor (MOMPS) manufactured in a SiN integrated photonic platform. Implemented using a single wavelength Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), it relies on a single readout detector that could be integrated directly on CMOS. Current photonic processes exhibit high residual stresses in the sensitive membrane. In this paper we will focus the analytical model taking the residual stresses in the membrane and the losses in the optical circuit into account. Compressive stress will be considered and the analytical model will be compared with experimental measurements.
Prospective study of clinician-entered research data in the Emergency Department using an Internet-based system after the HIPAA Privacy Rule (2004)

Data can be accurately collected from on-duty clinicians in the ED using real-time, PC-Internet data entry in compliance with the Privacy Rule. Deidentification-reidentification of PHI was successfully accomplished by a password-protected encryption-deencryption mechanism to permit follow-up by approved research personnel.
Ingress filtering compatibility for IPv6 multihomed sites (2005)

The note presents a set of mechanisms to provide ingress filtering
compatibility for legacy hosts in IPv6 multihomed sites.
A robust method for registration of three-dimensional knee implant models to two-dimensional fluoroscopy images (2003)

A method was developed for registering three-dimensional knee implant models to single plane X-ray fluoroscopy images. We use a direct image-to-image similarity measure, taking advantage of the speed of modern computer graphics workstations to quickly render simulated (predicted) images. As a result, the method does not require an accurate segmentation of the implant silhouette in the image (which can be prone to errors). A robust optimization algorithm (simulated annealing) is used that can escape local minima and find the global minimum (true solution). Although we focus on the analysis of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in this paper, the method can be (and has been) applied to other implanted joints, including, but not limited to, hips, ankles, and temporomandibular joints. Convergence tests on an in vivo image show that the registration method can reliably find poses that are very close to the optimal (i.e., within 0.4 degrees and 0.1 mm), even from starting poses with large initial errors. However, the precision of translation measurement in the Z (out-of-plane) direction is not as good. We also show that the method is robust with respect to image noise and occlusions. However, a small amount of user supervision and intervention is necessary to detect cases when the optimization algorithm falls into a local minimum. Intervention is required less than 5% of the time when the initial starting pose is reasonably close to the correct answer, but up to 50% of the time when the initial starting pose is far away. Finally, extensive evaluations were performed on cadaver images to determine accuracy of relative pose measurement. Comparing against data derived from an optical sensor as a "gold standard," the overall root-mean-square error of the registration method was approximately 1.5 degrees and 0.65 mm (although Z translation error was higher). However, uncertainty in the optical sensor data may account for a large part of the observed error.
Mode-locked multiple-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser in a sigma configuration (2002)

We demonstrate a multiple-wavelength erbium-doped fiber sigma laser, actively mode-locked at a repetition rate of 960 MHz. Time-bandwidth products of 0.3 and 0.31 are obtained for pulses at 1538 and 1541.5 mn, respectively. Wavelength separation is tunable from 3.5 to 24 mn. Amplitude fluctuations less than 0.5 % and high-frequency timing jitter less than 68 fs (1 kHz to 1 MHz) are measured.
Early detection of the aflatoxin B1 mutational fingerprint: A diagnostic tool for liver cancer (2017)

Using duplex-consensus sequencing technology, we recently identified the characteristic high-resolution mutational spectrum of the liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 in a mouse model, many months before aflatoxin-induced tumors are detectable. The diagnostic power of this spectrum is then demonstrated by accurately identifying, among the sequenced human liver tumors, the subset of cancers associated with aflatoxin B1 exposure.
Manufacturing Process Development and Rig Validation of Slurry Environmental Barrier Coatings for SiC Ceramic and SiC Composite Sub-Components (2022)

The process scale-up of fully oxide-based environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) on sintered SiC and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) sub-components was investigated using various slurry manufacturing processes (dip, spray, spin–dip). The performance of EBC-coated sub-components (SiC heating element, SiC/SiC ceramic matrix mini-composite, SiC airfoil, SiC/SiC CMC airfoil) was evaluated in steam oxidation and combustion rigs. Steam oxidation was conducted at 1427 °C in 90 vol.% H2O (g) + 10 vol.% O2 (g) with a 1 h hold at 1427 °C per cycle (1 h hot and 20 min cooling). For high-pressure combustion rig testing, the EBC surface temperature ranged between 1354 °C and 1538 °C with the temperature gradient through CMC + EBC ranging between 100 °C and 150 °C. Dip and spin–dip are non-line-of-sight processes, whereas spray is a line-of-sight process. The three processes, collectively, demonstrated the capability to manufacture slurry EBCs on sub-components with various shapes and sizes. There was no discernable disparity in the EBC steam oxidation performance between the coupons and sub-components in this study and coupons in a previous study. The dependence of steam oxidation rates on the substrate chemistry reported previously was confirmed. The steam oxidation rate of EBC-coated sintered SiC, compared with EBC-coated CVI CMC, was ~2 times and ~1.5 times higher after 100 h and 500 h, respectively, due to the boron sintering aid in sintered SiC. An EBC-coated CMC airfoil after 150 15-h-long cycles in a high-pressure combustion rig test showed only limited EBC spallation along the leading edge and more substantial spallation along the trailing edge, demonstrating the feasibility of an oxide-based bond coat to meet the extreme temperature requirements of next-generation EBCs.
Your Two Weeks of Fame and Your Grandmother's (2012)

Did celebrity last longer in 1929, 1992 or 2009? We investigate the phenomenon of fame by mining a collection of news articles that spans the twentieth century, and also perform a side study on a collection of blog posts from the last 10 years. By analyzing mentions of personal names, we measure each person's time in the spotlight, using two simple metrics that evaluate, roughly, the duration of a single news story about a person, and the overall duration of public interest in a person. We watched the distribution evolve from 1895 to 2010, expecting to find significantly shortening fame durations, per the much popularly bemoaned shortening of society's attention spans and quickening of media's news cycles. Instead, we conclusively demonstrate that, through many decades of rapid technological and societal change, through the appearance of Twitter, communication satellites, and the Internet, fame durations did not decrease, neither for the typical case nor for the extremely famous, with the last statistically significant fame duration decreases coming in the early 20th century, perhaps from the spread of telegraphy and telephony. Furthermore, while median fame durations stayed persistently constant, for the most famous of the famous, as measured by either volume or duration of media attention, fame durations have actually trended gently upward since the 1940s, with statistically significant increases on 40-year timescales. Similar studies have been done with much shorter timescales specifically in the context of information spreading on Twitter and similar social networking sites. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first massive scale study of this nature that spans over a century of archived data, thereby allowing us to track changes across decades.
A reel-to-reel compatible printed accelerometer (2011)

This paper describes the fabrication and testing of a one-axis polymer-based capacitive accelerometer made using a reel-to-reel/roll-to-roll compatible, printing-based process. The accelerometer is a suspended parallel-plate sense capacitor made from a laser-printed polystyrene composite material on a flexible plastic substrate. With a simple analog voltage readout circuit, device sensitivity is 58mV/g with +/-1.5g range. This device demonstrates fabrication of ultra-low-cost MEMS sensors on flexible polymer substrates.
The Lst Sialyltransferase of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Can Transfer Keto-Deoxyoctanoate as the Terminal Sugar of Lipooligosaccharide: a Glyco-Achilles Heel That Provides a New Strategy for Vaccines to Prevent Gonorrhea (2021)

The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> plays key roles in pathogenesis and is composed of multiple possible glycoforms. These glycoforms are generated by the process of phase variation and by differences in the glycosyltransferase gene content of particular strains. LOS glycoforms of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> can be terminated with an <i>N</i>-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), which imparts resistance to the bactericidal activity of serum. However, <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> cannot synthesize the CMP-Neu5Ac required for LOS biosynthesis and must acquire it from the host. In contrast, <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> can synthesize endogenous CMP-Neu5Ac, the donor molecule for Neu5Ac, which is a component of some meningococcal capsule structures. Both species have an almost identical LOS sialyltransferase, Lst, that transfers Neu5Ac from CMP-Neu5Ac to the terminus of LOS. Lst is homologous to the LsgB sialyltransferase of nontypeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (NTHi). Studies in NTHi have demonstrated that LsgB can transfer keto-deoxyoctanoate (KDO) from CMP-KDO to the terminus of LOS in place of Neu5Ac. Here, we show that Lst can also transfer KDO to LOS in place of Neu5Ac in both <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> and <i>N. meningitidis</i> Consistent with access to the pool of CMP-KDO in the cytoplasm, we present data indicating that Lst is localized in the cytoplasm. Lst has previously been reported to be localized on the outer membrane. We also demonstrate that KDO is expressed as a terminal LOS structure <i>in vivo</i> in samples from infected women and further show that the anti-KDO monoclonal antibody 6E4 can mediate opsonophagocytic killing of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> Taken together, these studies indicate that KDO expressed on gonococcal LOS represents a new antigen for the development of vaccines against gonorrhea.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The emergence of multidrug-resistant <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> strains that are resistant to available antimicrobials is a current health emergency, and no vaccine is available to prevent gonococcal infection. Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is one of the major virulence factors of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> The sialic acid <i>N</i>-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is present as the terminal glycan on LOS in <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> In this study, we made an unexpected discovery that KDO can be incorporated as the terminal glycan on LOS of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> by the alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase Lst. We showed that <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> express KDO on LOS <i>in vivo</i> and that the KDO-specific monoclonal antibody 6E4 can direct opsonophagocytic killing of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> These data support further development of KDO-LOS structures as vaccine antigens for the prevention of infection by <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>.
Catalytic conversion of ethanol to 1-/2-butenes (2023)

Simple and economical conversion of aqueous ethanol feed streams into butenes by a single step method using transition metal oxides on a silica supports under preselected processing conditions. By directly producing a C4-rich olefin mixture from an ethanol containing stream various advantages are presented including, but not limited to, significant cost reduction in capital expenses and operational expenses.
Impact of Incomplete Revascularization on Long-Term Mortality After Coronary Stenting (2011)

IR may be associated with higher risk of long-term mortality after stenting with BMS in patients with multivessel disease. More prospective studies are needed to further test this association.
A region in the steroid binding domain determines formation of the non-DNA-binding, 9 S glucocorticoid receptor complex. (1988)

This work was initiated to determine if a specific region of the glucocorticoid receptor determines the formation of the inactive (i.e. non-DNA-binding) 9 S form of the receptor recovered in cytosol preparations. It is known that the murine glucocorticoid receptor of the nti phenotype, which consists of only the carboxyl-terminal 40-kDa peptide containing the DNA-binding and steroid-binding domains separated by a short linker region, is recovered in hypotonic lysates as a 9 S heteromeric complex (Gehring, U., and Arndt, H. (1985) FEBS Lett. 179, 138-142). To further localize the domain required for formation of the 9 S complex, we have determined the sedimentation coefficients of receptors produced in COS-7 cells transfected with several mutants of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene. Deletion of the DNA-binding domain results in a 9 S complex that is somewhat less stable than the wild type receptor during sucrose gradient centrifugation. Deletion of the linker region yields a molybdate-stabilized 9 S complex, but deletion of the entire steroid-binding domain or internal deletion of the amino-terminal two-thirds of this domain yields receptors that are constitutive transcriptional activators and are present in cytosol only in the 4 S form. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that the steroid-binding domain contains the features required for formation of the 9 S heteromeric complex, and they are consistent with the proposal that the steroid-binding domain normally represses receptor function.
Unsaturated polyester resins for thermoset applications using renewable isosorbide as a component for property improvement (2015)

ABSTRACT Unsaturated polyester (UPE) resins are used in a variety of thermosetting applications due to the reduced cost when compared to epoxy resins; however, UPE resins also have reduced thermomechanical performance. Investigating avenues to improve the performance of UPEs has led to the use of bio‐based starting materials as structural components of the synthesized prepolymers as a result of their advantageous structural features. Isosorbide, a compound derived from renewable feedstocks, has been utilized to provide additional stiffness from the diol component for novel unsaturated polyesters resins. These resins have been shown to possess T g 's (32−72°C) and storage moduli (540−2200 MPa) that are in the desired range for composite materials with viscosities (1.2−25 Pa s) amenable to a variety of liquid molding techniques. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 42315.
Creation of a nanoformulated cabotegravir prodrug with improved antiretroviral profiles (2017)

Long-acting parenteral (LAP) antiretroviral drugs have generated considerable interest for treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. One new LAP is cabotegravir (CAB), a highly potent integrase inhibitor, with a half-life of up to 54 days, allowing for every other month parenteral administrations. Despite this excellent profile, high volume dosing, injection site reactions and low body fluid drug concentrations affect broad use for virus infected and susceptible people. To improve the drug delivery profile, we created a myristoylated CAB prodrug (MCAB). MCAB formed crystals that were formulated into nanoparticles (NMCAB) of stable size and shape facilitating avid monocyte-macrophage entry, retention and reticuloendothelial system depot formulation. Drug release kinetics paralleled sustained protection against HIV-1 challenge. After a single 45 mg/kg intramuscular injection to BALB/cJ mice, the NMCAB pharmacokinetic profiles was 4-times greater than that recorded for CAB LAP. These observations paralleled replicate measurements in rhesus macaques. The results coupled with improved viral restriction in human adult lymphocyte reconstituted NOD/SCID/IL2Rγc<sup>-/-</sup> mice led us to conclude that NMCAB can improve biodistribution and viral clearance profiles upon current CAB LAP formulations.
Synthetic Observer Approach to Multispectral Sensor Resolution Assessment (2010)

Resolution is often provided as one of the key parameters addressing the quality characteristic of a sensor. One traditional approach when determining the of a sensor/display system is to use a target pattern to detect the smallest element that can be resolved using the system. This requires a human in the loop to make the assessment. This study investigated the use of a custom designed software approach to generate an effective value for a sensor. Landolt Cs were selected as the target, which were imaged at multiple distances with different sensors. The images were analyzed using custom software to determine the orientation of the C at each distance, which resulted in a probability of correct orientation detection curve as a function of distance. This curve was used to generate a resolution for the sensor without involving human vision. Resolution results for four different spectral band sensors were obtained as well as effective of fused images from select pairs of sensors. These results and the possible use of this synthetic observer approach are presented and discussed, as well as possible future research relating this to human visual performance with fused image sources.