gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A probabilistic framework for car detection in images using context and scale (2012)

Detecting cars in real-world images is an important task for autonomous driving, yet it remains unsolved. The system described in this paper takes advantage of context and scale to build a monocular single-frame image-based car detector that significantly outperforms the baseline. The system uses a probabilistic model to combine multiple forms of evidence for both context and scale to locate cars in a real-world image. We also use scale filtering to speed up our algorithm by a factor of 3.3 compared to the baseline. By using a calibrated camera and localization on a road map, we are able to obtain context and scale information from a single image without the use of a 3D laser. The system outperforms the baseline by an absolute 9.4% in overall average precision and 11.7% in average precision for cars smaller than 50 pixels in height, for which context and scale cues are especially important.
Bus Converter Using Isolation Capacitance for ZVS and Invariant Operation (2019)

Many power distribution architectures, including the now-popular “isolated bus” architecture, call for a small and efficient unregulated dc transformer stage. Typical isolated converters can be both small and efficient through high-frequency operation and soft switching, but timing and control can be challenging as switching frequencies increase. We present an isolated bus converter that achieves zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for both inverter and rectifier switches with equal and constant dead times regardless of load, greatly simplifying control. It accomplishes this by using additional capacitors to aid the magnetizing current in commutating switch voltages during the dead time. The converter's operation and advantages are verified with a 1.4-MHz prototype. The converter operates from 36 to 12 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dcout</sub> at up to 36-W rating and achieves > 94.5% peak efficiency with 300-W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> power density.
Optical Coupling between a Single Tin-vacancy Center and a Photonic Crystal Nanocavity in Diamond (2022)

We demonstrate coupling of a tin-vacancy (SnV) center and a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity in diamond. We observed a 12-hold intensity enhancement of SnV emission and a 16-hold reduction in its lifetime under resonance conditions.
Expression of Tumor-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptors Is Associated With Outcome in Early Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung (2012)

Our results clearly indicate that the combination of high expression of the three key elements in the VEGF pathway is associated with a good prognosis in patients with early SCC but not in patients with ADC.
NMR Studies of Hetero-Association of Caffeine with di-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid Isomers in Aqueous Solution (2014)

Caffeine hetero-association with 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid in aqueous solution has been investigated by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) high resolution <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy. Self-association of the di-O-caffeoylquinic acid isomers has been studied as well. Caffeine-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid isomers association constants were measured. The value of the association constant of the caffeine-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid complexes is compatible with previous studies and within the typical range of reported association constants for other caffeine-polyphenols complexes. Structural features of the three different complexes have also been investigated by NMR spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations, and the complex conformation is discussed. Our results show that stacking interactions drive the formation of the complexes and that multiple equilibria are present in the interaction of caffeine with 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid while the complex with 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid seems to be better defined.
Structure of Carrot Defects in 4H-SiC Epilayers (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Iron-57 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts of hindered iron porphyrins. Ruffling as a possible mechanism for d-orbital energy level inversion (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIron-57 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts of hindered iron porphyrins. Ruffling as a possible mechanism for d-orbital energy level inversionLars Baltzer and Marie LandergrenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 7, 2804–2805Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00163a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00163a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>New liquid crystal materials enabling revolutionary display devices</title> (2002)

The Display and Beam Steering Thrust of the AFOSR Liquid Crystal MURI addressed key materials and device technology issues affecting performance of liquid crystal (LC) electro-optic (EO) devices, particularly device structures useful in information Displays and for Laser Beam Steering and Switching. Two basic themes were development of bulk LCs having high performance characteristics (nematic LCs, and chiral smectic LC devices having analog response), and development of novel LC electro-optic structures. Research on novel device structures led to advances in LC alignment and on photonic band-gap materials.
A pattern-based methodology for optimizing stitches in double-patterning technology (2015)

A pattern-based methodology for optimizing stitches is developed based on identifying stitch topologies and replacing them with pre-characterized fixing solutions in decomposed layouts. A topology-based library of stitches with predetermined fixing solutions is built. A pattern-based engine searches for matching topologies in the decomposed layouts. When a match is found, the engine opportunistically replaces the predetermined fixing solution: only a design rule check error-free replacement is preserved. The methodology is demonstrated on a 20nm layout design that contains over 67 million, first metal layer stitches. Results show that a small library containing 3 stitch topologies improves the stitch area regularity by 4x.
A Pan-Dengue Virus Reverse Transcription-Insulated Isothermal PCR Assay Intended for Point-of-Need Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection by Use of the POCKIT Nucleic Acid Analyzer (2016)

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is considered a major public health problem in developing tropical countries where the virus is endemic and continues to cause major disease outbreaks every year. Here, we describe the development of a novel, inexpensive, and user-friendly diagnostic assay based on a reverse transcription-insulated isothermal PCR (RT-iiPCR) method for the detection of all four serotypes of DENV in clinical samples. The diagnostic performance of the newly established pan-DENV RT-iiPCR assay targeting a conserved 3' untranslated region of the viral genome was evaluated. The limit of detection with a 95% confidence was estimated to be 10 copies of in vitro-transcribed (IVT) RNA. Sensitivity analysis using RNA prepared from 10-fold serial dilutions of tissue culture fluid containing DENVs suggested that the RT-iiPCR assay was comparable to the multiplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for DENV-1, -3, and -4 detection but 10-fold less sensitive for DENV-2 detection. Subsequently, plasma collected from patients suspected of dengue virus infection (n = 220) and individuals not suspected of dengue virus infection (n = 45) were tested by the RT-iiPCR and compared to original test results using a DENV NS1 antigen rapid test and the qRT-PCR. The diagnostic agreement of the pan-DENV RT-iiPCR, NS1 antigen rapid test, and qRT-PCR tests was 93.9%, 84.5%, and 97.4%, respectively, compared to the composite reference results. This new RT-iiPCR assay along with the portable POCKIT nucleic acid analyzer could provide a highly reliable, sensitive, and specific point-of-need diagnostic assay for the diagnosis of DENV in clinics and hospitals in developing countries.
Elucidation of coordination structure aroundCe3+in dopedSiO2glasses using pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance: Effect of phosphorus, boron, and phosphorus-boron codoping (2005)

Effects of codoping of phosphorus and/or boron on the coordination sphere of a ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ in ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ glasses were examined by applying pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy. Simulation of the observed ESEEM pattern revealed a striking difference in the solvation shell structure between the P-doped and the P-free glasses, i.e., the P doping is very effective for the formation of the solvation shell, while no such an effect was observed for the B doping. When P and B are simultaneously doped, the solvation shell structure is close to that in the P-doped samples. Photoluminescence properties of ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ in these samples were found to be classified into two categories corresponding to the solvation shell structures.
Fast skeletal muscle troponin activator CK‐2066260 increases fatigue resistance by reducing the energetic cost of muscle contraction (2019)

Skeletal muscle fatigue limits performance during physical exercise and exacerbated muscle fatigue is a prominent symptom among a broad spectrum of diseases. The present study investigated whether skeletal muscle fatigue is affected by the fast skeletal muscle troponin activator (FSTA) CK-2066260, which increases myofibrillar Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensitivity and amplifies the submaximal force response. Because more force is produced for a given Ca<sup>2+</sup> , we hypothesized that CK-2066260 could mitigate muscle fatigue by reducing the energetic cost of muscle activation. Isolated single mouse muscle fibres were fatigued by 100 repeated 350 ms contractions while measuring force and the cytosolic free [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ] or [Mg<sup>2+</sup> ] ([Mg<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>i</sub> ). When starting fatiguing stimulation at matching forces (i.e. lower stimulation frequency with CK-2066260): force was decreased by ∼50% with and by ∼75% without CK-2066260; [Mg<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>i</sub> was increased by ∼10% with and ∼32% without CK-2066260, reflecting a larger decrease in [ATP] in the latter. The glycogen content in in situ stimulated rat muscles fatigued by repeated contractions at matching forces was about two times higher with than without CK-2066260. Voluntary exercise capacity, assessed by rats performing rotarod exercise and treadmill running, was improved in the presence of CK-2066260. CK-2066260 treatment also increased skeletal muscle fatigue resistance and exercise performance in a rat model of peripheral artery insufficiency. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the FSTA CK-2066260 mitigates skeletal muscle fatigue by reducing the metabolic cost of force generation.
Stimulated emission and lasing from an Al0.13Ga0.87N∕GaN double heterostructure grown on a silicon substrate (2008)

Stimulated emission and laser action with well developed longitudinal optical modes from an Al0.13Ga0.87N∕GaN double heterostructure with a 25nm GaN active layer grown on a silicon substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition is demonstrated. Lasing was observed from cleaved platelets at room temperature with well resolved Fabry-Pérot modes at a wavelength as short as 368nm at room temperature. A clear threshold was observed in the plot of the emission intensity versus the pumping power at both 77K and room temperature. The effective index of refraction during laser operation was measured to be 2.65.
Minimizing interposer warpage by process control and design optimization (2014)

An analytical model simulating the bowing at wafer or thin die level was applied to imec's 3D interposer technology. The calibration methodology is explained. A good correlation between simulation and measurement has been found at different stages during the processing. Secondly, a model combining all the interposer features was used to simulate the bowing induced at wafer and thin die level. Finally, the model is used to provide some recommendations to mitigate the interposer bowing without any drastic change in the structure or impact onto its performances.
Image quality of sparse-aperture designs for remote sensing (2002)

Sparse-aperture telescopes can be designed to capture the same resolution as a filled aperture but with a significant reduction in size and weight. image-chain models have been generated for several sparse-aperture remote sensing system concepts. These models are used to generate image simulations, which are used to quantify the image quality as a function of design parameters associated with various sparse-aperture designs. This study generated image simulation models for the Annulus, Golay 6, and Tri-Arm sparse-aperture designs. A psychophysical evaluation was conducted to determine the integration time necessary to maintain the image quality as the fill factor is decreased for these designs. Image simulations were also generated to determine the accuracy of the generalized image quality equation to predict the image quality differences between the different designs.
Applying Performance Measurement Tools to the Attiki Odos Motorway (2006)

The paper describes the development and application of a freeway performance measurement system (PeMS) on the Attiki Odos motorway, in Athens metropolitan area. PeMS collects data in real time from surveillance systems, processes the data and calculates several performance measures for freeway operations management. For the covering abstract see E134653.
Characteristics of PMN-PZT ferroelectric electron emitters with three-dimensional emission sites formed by chemical etching (2011)

Pb(Mg1/3N2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PZT) ferroelectric electron emitters with a novel electrode structures were formed by photolithography and chemical etching to investigate their electron emission characteristics. For the electron emitter formed with the most suitable etching time, the electron emission density was 17 nC/cm2. An electric potential distribution was simulated to clarify the effects of the vacuum gap, and results confirmed that the vacuum gap produces an electric field that leads electrons from the ferroelectric surface to the surrounding space.
Interferometric correlator for acoustic radiation and underlying structural vibration (2016)

In this paper we discuss the background and principles of an optical non-contact sensor fusion concept, the Interferometric Correlator for Acoustic Radiation and Underlying Structural Vibration (ICARUSV) and give practical example of its capabilities, focusing on its ability to simultaneously capture, visualize and quantitatively characterize full-field non-stationary structural dynamics and unsteady radiated sound fields or transient flow fields around the structure of interest. The ICARUSV’s multi-sensor design is based on a parallel architecture and therefore the data capture is fast and inherently support a wide variety of spatio-temporal or spatio-spectral analysis methods which characterize the structural or acoustic/flow field dynamics as it occurs in real time, including short-lived transient events. No other technology available today offers this level of multi-parameter multi-dimensional data<sup>1</sup>.
Acoustic and Facial Features From Clinical Interviews for Machine Learning–Based Psychiatric Diagnosis: Algorithm Development (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> In contrast to all other areas of medicine, psychiatry is still nearly entirely reliant on subjective assessments such as patient self-report and clinical observation. The lack of objective information on which to base clinical decisions can contribute to reduced quality of care. Behavioral health clinicians need objective and reliable patient data to support effective targeted interventions. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> We aimed to investigate whether reliable inferences—psychiatric signs, symptoms, and diagnoses—can be extracted from audiovisual patterns in recorded evaluation interviews of participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We obtained audiovisual data from 89 participants (mean age 25.3 years; male: 48/89, 53.9%; female: 41/89, 46.1%): individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n=41), individuals with bipolar disorder (n=21), and healthy volunteers (n=27). We developed machine learning models based on acoustic and facial movement features extracted from participant interviews to predict diagnoses and detect clinician-coded neuropsychiatric symptoms, and we assessed model performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) in 5-fold cross-validation. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The model successfully differentiated between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder (AUROC 0.73) when aggregating face and voice features. Facial action units including cheek-raising muscle (AUROC 0.64) and chin-raising muscle (AUROC 0.74) provided the strongest signal for men. Vocal features, such as energy in the frequency band 1 to 4 kHz (AUROC 0.80) and spectral harmonicity (AUROC 0.78), provided the strongest signal for women. Lip corner–pulling muscle signal discriminated between diagnoses for both men (AUROC 0.61) and women (AUROC 0.62). Several psychiatric signs and symptoms were successfully inferred: blunted affect (AUROC 0.81), avolition (AUROC 0.72), lack of vocal inflection (AUROC 0.71), asociality (AUROC 0.63), and worthlessness (AUROC 0.61). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> This study represents advancement in efforts to capitalize on digital data to improve diagnostic assessment and supports the development of a new generation of innovative clinical tools by employing acoustic and facial data analysis. </sec>
Supplementary Figure 2 from Expression Profiling in Progressive Stages of Fumarate-Hydratase Deficiency: The Contribution of Metabolic Changes to Tumorigenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Expression Profiling in Progressive Stages of Fumarate-Hydratase Deficiency: The Contribution of Metabolic Changes to Tumorigenesis
Functional rescue of REP1 following treatment with PTC124 and novel derivative PTC-414 in human choroideremia fibroblasts and the nonsense-mediated zebrafish model (2016)

Choroideremia (CHM) is an X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy that is caused by mutations within a single gene, CHM Currently no effective treatment exists for these patients. Since over 30% of patients harbour nonsense mutations in CHM, nonsense suppression therapy using translational readthrough inducing drugs may provide functional rescue of REP1, thus attenuating progressive sight loss. Here, we employed two CHM model systems to systematically test the efficacy and safety of ataluren (PTC124) and its novel analog PTC-414: (1) the chm<sup>ru848</sup> zebrafish, the only nonsense mutation animal model of CHM harbouring a TAA nonsense mutation, and (2) a primary human fibroblast cell line from a CHM patient harbouring a TAG nonsense mutation. PTC124 or PTC-414 treatment of chm<sup>ru848</sup> embryos led to a ∼2.0-fold increase in survival, prevented the onset of retinal degeneration with reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis, increased rep1 protein by 23.1% (PTC124) and 17.2% (PTC-414) and restored biochemical function as confirmed through in vitro prenylation assays (98 ± 2% [PTC124] and 68 ± 5% [PTC-414]). In CHM<sup>Y42X/y</sup> fibroblasts, there was a recovery of prenylation activity following treatment with either PTC124 (42 ± 5%) or PTC-414 (36 ± 11%), although an increase in REP1 protein was not detected in these cells, in contrast to the zebrafish model. This comprehensive study on the use of PTC124 and PTC-414 as successful nonsense suppression agents for the treatment of CHM highlights the translational potential of these drugs for inherited retinal disease.
The verification of cache coherence protocols (1993)

Article The verification of cache coherence protocols Share on Authors: Fong Pong View Profile , Michel Dubois View Profile Authors Info & Claims SPAA '93: Proceedings of the fifth annual ACM symposium on Parallel Algorithms and ArchitecturesAugust 1993 Pages 11–20https://doi.org/10.1145/165231.165233Online:01 August 1993Publication History 18citation413DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations18Total Downloads413Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Thermal-Structural Performance of Orthotropic Pin Fin Applications (2009)

Thermally conductive composites as compared to metals have reduced density, decreased corrosion, oxidation, and chemical resistance, as well as adjustable properties to fit a given application. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed before they can be successfully utilized in heat sink design. The interface between the device and thermal product that is used to cool it is an important factor in the thermal network designs of microelectronics cooling. Depending on the thermal interface conditions and material properties, the contact pressure and thermal stress level can attain undesirable values. In this paper, we investigate the effect of thermal interface between the fin and base plate on thermalstructural behavior of heat sinks. A coupled-field (thermal-structural) analysis using finite element method is performed to predict temperature as well as stress fields in the region of interface. In addition temperature and heat transfer rate predictions is supported through analytical results. Effect of various interface properties (such as air gap with rough surface and gaps filled with interface material) on the resulting thermal-structural response of the pin fin is investigated with respect to four interface materials combinations.