gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cannabinoid eye drops on five patients with intractable hypertensive open angle glaucoma (2018)

The aim of the present work was the evaluation of a topic application of cannabinoids in 5 patients affected by late stage open angle glaucoma (OAG) in which both surgical and medical therapies had failed to decrease the intraocular pressure (IOP) to acceptable levels, and were not suitable to further surgical intervention. Eye drops were formulated with Bediol (containing low amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] and cannabidiol [CBD]), and with Bedrocan (containing higher amounts of THC and lower amounts of CBD). Patients were treated first with Bediol eye drops for 30 days, and after a one-month washout period, they were treated with Bedrocan eye drops for a further 30 days. Four patients did not show any response to both products, while a fifth patient, affected by glaucoma secondary to Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (a rare form of uveitis), showed a relevant antinflammatory effect and IOP decrease in the affected eye. These results suggest a use of THC as an antinflammatory agent in cases of glaucoma secondary to inflammatory events.
On the use of nanocellulose as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites (2014)

Nanocellulose is often being regarded as the next generation renewable reinforcement for the production of high performance biocomposites. This feature article reviews the various nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites reported in literature and discusses the potential of nanocellulose as reinforcement for the production of renewable high performance polymer nanocomposites. The theoretical and experimentally determined tensile properties of nanocellulose are also reviewed. In addition to this, the reinforcing ability of BC and NFC is juxtaposed. In order to analyse the various cellulose-reinforced polymer nanocomposites reported in literature, Cox–Krenchel and rule-of-mixture models have been used to elucidate the potential of nanocellulose in composite applications. There may be potential for improvement since the tensile modulus and strength of most cellulose nanocomposites reported in literature scale linearly with the tensile modulus and strength of the cellulose nanopaper structures. Better dispersion of individual cellulose nanofibres in the polymer matrix may improve composite properties.
Angiotensin-II mediates norepinephrine and neuropeptide-Y secretion in a human pheochromocytoma. (1994)

The potential role of angiotensin-II in mediating catecholamine and neuropeptide-Y release in a human pheochromocytoma has been investigated. Angiotensin-II type I receptors are transcribed and translated into functional proteins in a surgically removed pheochromocytoma. Primary cell culture of the tumor has been studied in a perfused system. Angiotensin-II increased the release of norepinephrine and neuropeptide-Y by the pheochromocytes. Activation of the angiotensin-II type I receptors by angiotensin-II was associated with a rise in cytosolic free calcium. The renin-angiotensin system may, therefore, contribute to the secretion of catecholamines and NPY occurring in patients with pheochromocytoma and when stimulated trigger hypertensive crisis.
Single-shot 3D shape reconstruction using multi-wavelength pattern projection (2019)

This paper presents an approach for single-shot 3D shape reconstruction using a multi-wavelength array projector and a stereo-vision setup of two multispectral snapshot cameras. Thus, a sequence of six to eight aperiodic fringe patterns can be simultaneously projected at different wavelengths by the developed array projector and captured by the multispectral snapshot cameras. For the calculation of 3D point clouds, a computational procedure for pattern extraction from single multispectral images, denoising of multispectral image data, and stereo matching is developed. In addition, a proof-of-concept is provided with experimental measurement results, showing the validity and potential of the proposed approach.
Critical Amino Acids in the Transcriptional Activation Domain of the Herpesvirus Protein VP16 Are Solvent-exposed in Highly Mobile Protein Segments (1996)

Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins typically comprise both a DNA binding domain and a regulatory domain. Although the structures of many DNA binding domains have been elucidated, no detailed structures are yet available for transcriptional activation domains. The activation domain of the herpesvirus protein VP16 has been an important model in mutational and biochemical studies. Here, we characterize the VP16 activation domain using time-resolved and steady-state fluorescence. Unique intrinsic fluorescent probes were obtained by replacing phenylalanine residues with tryptophan at position 442 or 473 of the activation domain of VP16 (residues 413-490, or subdomains thereof), linked to the DNA binding domain of the yeast protein GAL4. Emission spectra and quenching properties of Trp at either position were characteristic of fully exposed Trp. Time-resolved anisotropy decay measurements suggested that both Trp residues were associated with substantial segmental motion. The Trp residues at either position showed nearly identical fluorescence properties in either the full-length activation domain or relevant subdomains, suggesting that the two subdomains are similarly unstructured and have little effect on each other. As this domain may directly interact with several target proteins, it is likely that a significant structural transition accompanies these interactions.
Compressive sensing based multiview image coding with belief propagation (2010)

Multiview image acquisition systems usually involve many closely-located cameras. In some scenarios, it might be possible to significantly reduce the sample rates of some cameras and still reconstruct the corresponding images with good quality, by taking advantage of the side information from neighboring views. In this paper, we investigate the application of the belief propagation-based compressive sensing (CS-BP) theory to these cameras. However, the original CS-BP algorithm assumes that all unknown variables have the same prior distribution, which is not true in many cases, especially images. We show in this paper how to generalize the decoding of the CS-BP method such that it can fully utilize the side information and handle variables with different distributions. Preliminary numerical results with both 1-D and 2-D data demonstrate that the proposed generalizations can significantly improve the performance of the CS-BP method.
Nine‐color flow cytometry for accurate measurement of T cell subsets and cytokine responses. Part I: Panel design by an empiric approach (2008)

Polychromatic flow cytometry offers the unprecedented ability to investigate multiple antigens per cell. Unfortunately, unwanted spectral overlaps and compensation problems increase when more than four colors are used, but these problems can be minimized if staining combinations are chosen carefully. We used an empiric approach to design, test and identify six-color T cell immunophenotyping reagent panels that can be expanded to include three or more functional or other markers in the FITC, PE, and APC channels without significant spectral limitations. Thirty different six-color T cell surface antigen reagent panels were constructed to identify major T cell subsets and maturational subtypes as defined by CCR7 and CD45RA expression, while excluding monocytes, B and non-viable cells. Staining performance of each panel was compared on cryopreserved cells from a single healthy donor recorded on a multiparameter cell sorter. Ten of the thirty reagent panels offered reliable resolution of T cell major and maturational surface markers. Of these, two panels were selected that showed the least spectral overlap and resulting background increase in the FITC, PE, and APC channels. These channels were left unoccupied for inclusion of additional phenotypic or functional markers, such as cytokines. Careful reagent titration and testing of multiple candidate panels are necessary to ensure quality results in multiparametric measurements.
Unimpaired autoreactive T-cell traffic within the central nervous system during tumor necrosis factor receptor-mediated inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (1995)

The critical role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as a mediator in autoimmune inflammatory processes is evident from in vivo studies with TNF-blocking agents. However, the mechanisms by which TNF, and possibly also its homologue lymphotoxin alpha, contributes to development of pathology in rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn disease and in animal models like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is unclear. Possibilities include regulation of vascular adhesion molecules enabling leukocyte movement into tissues or direct cytokine-mediated effector functions such as mediation of tissue damage. Here we show that administration of a TNF receptor (55 kDa)-IgG fusion protein prevented clinical signs of actively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Significantly, the total number of CD4+ T lymphocytes isolated from the central nervous system of clinically healthy treated versus diseased control animals was comparable. By using a CD45 congenic model of passively transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis to enable tracking of myelin basic protein-specific effector T lymphocytes, prevention of clinical signs of disease was again demonstrated in treated animals but without quantitative or qualitative impediment to the movement of autoreactive T lymphocytes to and within the central nervous system. Thus, despite the uninterrupted movement of specific T lymphocytes into the target tissue, subsequent disease development was blocked. This provides compelling evidence for a direct effector role of TNF/lymphotoxin alpha in autoimmune tissue damage.
Abstract LBA016: Androgen Receptor (AR) N-Terminus-Domain-Binding Small Molecule Degraders for the Treatment of AR Splice Variant-Positive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2021)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Over 30,000 men die of prostate cancer each year in the U.S. and the deaths predominantly occur due to late-stage castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Androgen receptor (AR) is the primary therapeutic target in castration-sensitive prostate cancer and CRPC, with over 85% of the cases expressing AR. About 30% of CRPC fail to respond to ligand-binding domain (LBD)-binding AR-signaling inhibitors, while the remaining develop resistance after an initial period of response of 12-24 months. Expression of AR splice variants (AR-SVs) that lack LBD has been identified as one of the primary causes for resistance development to AR-signaling inhibitors. AR-SVs also promote aggressive CRPC growth, resulting in shorter overall survival. We discovered novel AR N-terminus domain (NTD)-binding small molecule, GTx-534 that induce degradation of AR and AR-SV proteins, resulting in loss of AR signaling. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), intrinsic fluorescence biophysical studies and thermal stability analysis with purified AR activation function-1 (AF-1) domain in the NTD showed GTX-534 binding. Notably, GTx-534 significantly inhibited AR and AR-V7-positive 22RV1 cell line xenograft in castrated immune compromised rodents with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of over 50% (p&amp;lt;0.005), while enzalutamide failed to inhibit the 22RV1 tumor growth. Serum PSA concentrations of 22RV1-bearing animals were reduced to background levels by GTx-534 (p&amp;lt;0.01), but not by enzalutamide. Genome-wide expression studies demonstrated a distinct mechanism of action for GTx-534 in AR-SV-positive tumors. The results from 22RV1 xenograft studies were validated in LuCaP 86.2 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) that express AR v567es, another AR variant that lacks the LBD widely expressed in CRPC. GTx-534 completely inhibited LuCaP 86.2 tumor growth with a TGI of greater than 90%, while enzalutamide failed to alter the tumor growth. These results provide preclinical proof-of-concept for the efficacy of GTx-534 in AR and AR-SV-positive CRPC. Disclosure. The work presented in here was funded by a Sponsored Research Agreement from Oncternal Therapeutics, Inc. to RN and DDM and by National Cancer Institute grant R01CA229164 to RN. RN is a consultant to Oncternal Therapeutics Inc. GFK and JBB are employees of Oncternal Therapeutics Inc. Citation Format: Ramesh Narayanan. Androgen Receptor (AR) N-Terminus-Domain-Binding Small Molecule Degraders for the Treatment of AR Splice Variant-Positive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LBA016.
Gene therapy for dyslipidemia: a review of gene replacement and gene inhibition strategies (2010)

Despite numerous technological and pharmacological advances and more detailed knowledge of molecular etiologies, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide claiming over 17 million lives a year. Abnormalities in the synthesis, processing and catabolism of lipoprotein particles can result in severe hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia or low HDL-C. Although a plethora of antidyslipidemic pharmacological agents are available, these drugs are relatively ineffective in many patients with Mendelian lipid disorders, indicating the need for new and more effective interventions. In vivo somatic gene therapy is one such intervention. This article summarizes current strategies being pursued for the development of clinical gene therapy for dyslipidemias that cannot effectively be treated with existing drugs.
Time resolved quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals distinct patterns of SHP2 dependence in EGFR signaling (2019)

Abstract SHP2 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that normally potentiates intracellular signaling by growth factors, antigen receptors, and some cytokines; it is frequently mutated in childhood leukemias and other cancers. Here, we examine the role of SHP2 in the responses of breast cancer cells to EGF by monitoring phosphoproteome dynamics when SHP2 is allosterically inhibited by the small molecule SHP099. Data on phosphotyrosine abundance at more than 400 tyrosine residues reveals six distinct response signatures following SHP099 treatment and washout. These include putative substrate sites with increased phosphotyrosine abundance at early or late timepoints, and another class of sites that shows reduced phosphotyrosine abundance when SHP099 is present. Sites of decreased phospho-abundance are enriched on proteins with two nearby phosphotyrosine residues, which can be directly protected from dephosphorylation by the paired SH2 domains of SHP2 itself. These findings highlight how analysis of phosphoproteomic dynamics can provide insight into transmembrane signaling responses.
Supramolecular Polymerization: Personal History and Outlook Towards a Sustainable Future (2021)

2020 was a very special year for polymer science as the 100-year anniversary of its initiation by Staudinger. The past 100 years have been a prosperous time for polymer science, filled with discovery and innovation. Since plastics are lightweight, mechanically robust, and cheap, their use has proliferated, becoming pervasive in all sectors of society and ushering in the so-called heyday of plastics. At the same time, however, the plastics and rubbers developed by polymer science have caused catastrophic damage to the environment as long-lasting wastes continue to accumulate in the disposable age. Incinerating these materials generates carbon dioxide, which accelerates global warming while dumping them into the ocean results in their eventual disintegration into microplastics, small pieces that are consumed and accumulate in the food chain. As of 2015, only 9% of the 6300 million metric tons of plastics produced had been recycled,1 and unless far-reaching policies are adopted in the next decade to change the social structure that has so far been dependent on disposable polymers, global warming will continue to accelerate and it will certainly be difficult to pass on livable earth to future generations. Although this crisis is widely acknowledged, society has thus far been unable to give up such convenient and cheap materials. If we fail to shift our economic priorities or invent new materials as alternatives, it will be impossible to escape from this plastic world.
Add–drop filter based on apodized surface-corrugated gratings (2003)

We report on the fabrication of a grating-based add–drop filter in SiON planar waveguide technology. We achieved apodization of the Bragg grating by concatenating subgratings with various duty cycles. We present the theoretical and experimental dependence of the coupling coefficient on the duty cycle, which leads to a minimum coupling coefficient of 30%. With a breeder genetic algorithm we were able to find optimal apodization profiles within this limited coupling coefficient range. The final device is compatible with a 100-GHz channel spacing and has a bandwidth utilization factor of 36%.
Sensitive NMR Sensors Detect Antibodies to Influenza (2008)

Auf Grippe-Fang: Auf der Aggregation magnetischer Partikel beruht ein Sensor für den NMR-basierten Nachweis von Antikörpern eines Influenza-Virus. Eine hohe Empfindlichkeit wurde mithilfe eines homogenen Magnetfelds (H) erzielt, das das Vernetzen der suspendierten Partikel durch die Antikörper in Lösung verstärkte (siehe Schema; ΔT2: Änderung der transversalen Relaxationszeit). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2008/z800069_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Advances in Materials for Display Applications (2013)

As we find ourselves at the turn of the year, let me first wish all of you a very Happy New Year and welcome you back to a new year of Information Display magazine.We start 2013 with a look at the topic of advances in materials for displays.Reflecting back on 2012, what comes to mind is the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Society for Information Display.This stands out not only because of the amazing evolution of displays during this time, but also, relevant to the context of this issue because we can find in this history a reflection of the very impact of advances in display materials coupled with cycles of device innovations.(For a description of the celebration, see this issue's SID News by Larry Weber.)While CRTs dominated the commercial landscape for many decades, for about the last 10 years we have seen an unprecedented pace for the development and commercial introduction of new display technologies.In this timeframe, AMLCDs have pretty much become the de facto display standard, accounting for over 85% of total display sales.They span virtually the entire range of diagonal sizes and applications.In parallel, just in the past 5 years, AMOLED displays have secured a firm place in the premium mobile-display market, and in 2012 came very close to reaching critical mass in terms of widescale production of high-performance TV sets.Without trying to be exhaustive, I would also highlight the younger display technologies based on electrophoretic, electrowetting, and MEMS pixel devices, which further fuel the display-industry roadmaps.The rapid progression of these commercial milestones would not be possible without an underlying wealth of technology initiatives, many of which incubated in academic and industrial labs for much longer times than these "overnight" commercial transformations may suggest.In this issue, we highlight a few such notable technologies that showcase particularly well the importance of applied materials research in enabling significant display-industry advances: amorphous oxide semiconductors, semiconducting quantum dots, and color-filter materials.
A Comparison of Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomographic Image Quality After the Implantation of Tantalum and Titanium Spinal Instrumentation (1998)

High-quality magnetic resonance imaging studies can be obtained after the implantation of both titanium and tantalum spinal instrumentation. Both of the metals produce similar images on magnetic resonance imaging studies with comparable amounts of metallic artifact. High-quality computed tomographic scans of titanium implants can be obtained with minimal distortion secondary to artifact. However, computed tomographic scanning is not the imaging modality of choice for the tantalum spinal implants because of the large amounts of artifact.
Modification of Glycosylation as A Therapeutic Strategy (2000)

1. INTRODUCTION Glycoconjugates play important roles in many cellular and physiological processes, including development, differentiation, cell to cell contact, formation of the intracellular matrix, recognition of microorganisms, macromolecules and small molecules and intracellular transport of proteins.2,3
Impact of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy on the Time-Course of Renal Function in Hypertensive Patients - A Subanalysis of the CASE-J Trial - (2010)

LVH related to the time-course of renal function in Japanese hypertensive patients.
Pharmacological management of interstitial cystitis /bladder pain syndrome and the role cyclosporine and other immunomodulating drugs play (2018)

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a symptomatic disorder characterized by pelvic pain and urinary frequency. Immunological responses are considered as one of the possible etiologies of IC/BPS. In this review, we focused on emerging targets, especially on those modulating immunological mechanisms for the treatments of IC/BPS. Area covered: This review was based on the literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, for which key words following bladder pain syndrome, interstitial cystitis, and/or cyclosporine A (CyA) were used. We discussed current treatments and the drugs targeting the immune responses including CyA and other drugs with different mechanisms including NGF antibodies and P2X3 antagonists. Expert commentary: IC/BPS is often difficult to treat by current treatments. Immunosuppression agents, especially CyA are considered as effective treatments for IC/BPS with Hunner's lesion because these drugs suppress the inflammatory responses in the bladder underlying urinary symptoms of the disease. Base on the previous literatures, we should use CyA for the refractory IC/BPS, especially that with Hunner's lesion due to its side effects. New drugs targeting other mechanisms such as urothelial or afferent nerve dysfunction or new delivery systems such as sustained drug releasing devices or gene therapy techniques may be promising for the future treatments of IC/BPS.
Video-Assisted Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (1991)

Continued advances in video technology have made video-assisted transurethral resection of the prostate (video TURP) an easy, reliable, and affordable option available to all urologists. Smaller video cameras with improved resolution, combined with more compact and easily mobile video systems, can be utilized in the cystoscopy suite or main operating room. Photo documentation with either videotape, hard-copy prints taken from the video image, or direct 35-mm transparencies can be utilized for patient documentation, as well as for teaching. The multisystem capability and ease of handling of available video systems make video TURP an important adjunct to routine endourologic procedures.