gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DIFFUSION OF BEET DYE DURING ELECTRICAL AND CONVENTIONAL HEATING AT STEADY‐STATE TEMPERATURE1 (2001)

ABSTRACT Ohmic heating has been shown to alter mass transfer properties of fruit and vegetable tissue. Diffusion of beet dye from beetroot tissue into a fluid was studied during conventional and ohmic heating as a function of steady‐state temperature. The volume of beet dye diffusing into solution during ohmic heating was enhanced with respect to conventional heating at 42C and 58C, but not at 72C. This can be explained by examining the differences in electrical conductivity of beet tissue at these temperatures during conventional and ohmic heating. At 42 and 58C, the electrical conductivity of beet tissue heated ohmically is higher than the electrical conductivity of beet tissue heated conventionally. At 72C, the electrical conductivities of beet tissue during conventional and ohmic heating are equal. The extent of diffusion in the ohmic case is also positively correlated with applied voltage. These results suggest that food processes involving mass transfer can be enhanced by choosing conditions in which the electrical conductivity of a sample under ohmic conditions is maximized.
Sensor Signal Processing Using High-Level Synthesis With a Layered Architecture (2018)

This letter describes a newly established design framework with the layered architecture of processing elements (PEs) exploiting high-level synthesis and its evaluation results. The design framework was developed for intelligent sensor nodes of Internet of Things applications that collaborate with cloud systems, in which small footprint and low power consumption were major concerns. The design framework consists of four layered structure of PE architecture with the extended database management function of a high-level synthesis tool. We investigated the dependencies of resource consumption on the granularity of coarse grained function definitions using the extended database management function of CyberWorkBench. The evaluation results showed that small footprint was achieved especially with dynamically reconfigurable technique.
HAL SAW resonators using LiTaO<inf>3</inf> thin plate on quartz substrate (2017)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators with a moderate bandwidth and a large impedance ratio are obtained by Hetero Acoustic Layer (HAL) structure combing a LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (LT) thin plate and the substrate, which has a high velocity of leaky SAW and a small frequency temperature coefficient (TCF). In this study, a new type of HAL SAW resonators were fabricated using 0.5-1 μm thick 42°YX or 20°YX LT and 42°45'YX or 40°Y90°X quartz bonded together. An impedance ratio of 65-70 dB and a TCF of -26 ppm/°C were measured. Those impedance ratios are 13-21 dB better than that of a standard 42°YX LT SAW resonator fabricated in the same facility.
Supplementary Table 4 from A Compendium of Syngeneic, Transplantable Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Models Reveals Subtype-Specific Therapeutic Vulnerabilities (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Quality control and filtering of snRNA-seq data.&lt;/p&gt;
Simulation of Motion Accuracy Considering Loads in Linear Motion Units (2015)

This paper presents the motion accuracy simulation considering loads such as workpiece weight, cutting force, cogging force of a linear motor, and force caused by misalignment and runout error of a ballscrew in linear motion units. The transfer function method is basically utilized to estimate 5-DOF motion errors, together with the equilibrium equations of force and moment on the table. The transfer function method is modified in order to consider clearance changed according to the loads in the double sided hydrostatic/aerostatic bearings. Then, the analytic model for predicting the 5-DOF motion errors is proposed with the modified transfer function method. Motion errors were simulated under different loading conditions in the linear motion units using hydrostatic, aerostatic, and linear motion bearings, respectively. And the proposed analytic model was verified by comparing the estimated and measured motion errors.
Generalized Dispersion Equations for Nonlinear Waveguides with Kerr-type Films (1996)

The characteristics of planar waveguides with nonlinear layers has been extensively studied due to their potential application as all-optical switching and signal-processing element [1-3]. Here we present a generalized form of nonlinear dispersion equations for various nonlinear waveguide structures with Kerr-type films. By using the relation of the interface electric fields, we obtain the generalized form of nonlinear dispersion equations as an analytic form. The “generalized” means that the equation can represent most of nonlinear waveguide structures with up to five linear and/or nonlinear layers. For example, we apply the generalized dispersion equation to 4-types of nonlinear waveguide structures: I)the waveguides with a nonlinear core layer, II)the waveguides with two nonlinear core layers, III)the planar structures having a linear core with nonlinear surrounding media, and IV)the five-layer nonlinear waveguides having symmetric or asymmetric structures.
A high speed classifier using the arithmetic Fourier transform (2003)

A method for computing the Fourier coefficients of a complex valued periodic function resulting from tracing the contour of a closed shape using the arithmetic Fourier transform (AFT) is presented. It requires only simple addition operations, thus saving computational time and load. The algorithm is suitable for parallel computation and has a good match with VLSI implementation. It is useful in pattern recognition. Results obtained from simulation studies show that the method is both accurate and efficient.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ambient-hydrogen-induced changes in the characteristics of Pt/GaN Schottky diodes fabricated on bulk GaN substrates (2021)

Abstract Hydrogen-induced changes in the characteristics of Pt/GaN rectifiers fabricated on bulk GaN were studied using current–voltage ( I – V ), capacitance–voltage ( C – V ), and impedance spectroscopy measurements. The results were similar to those for Pt/GaN rectifiers fabricated on sapphire substrates [Y. Irokawa, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 59 , 120901 (2020)]. That is, an ambient H 2 atmosphere reduced the Schottky barrier height and the resistance of the semiconductor space-charge region but did not affect the ideality factor, carrier concentration, or capacitance of the semiconductor space-charge region, suggesting that the quality of the GaN layers was not the origin of the observed H 2 -induced changes.
Experimental measurement of gas holdup and gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient in a C.S.T. reactor under high temperature and high pressure. (1985)

石炭液化反応器の特性を明らかにするために, 小型装置でも大型装置と同様の流動特性を持つself-inducing型の攪拌機付の石炭液化用連続攪拌槽反応器における液化反応条件付近での液化油と水素化アントラセン油および水素ガスによるガスホールドアップと物質移動係数について検討し, 次の結果を得た.1.攪拌翼先端からのガス吹き出しに必要な最小回転数は圧力に関係なく, SawantとJoshiの式で良好に相関される.2.ガスホールドアップは, 圧力に関係なく, 攪拌機回転数の増加に伴って増加し, 温度の高い方が大きな値となる.また, ガスホールドアップは, 温度の変化に伴う液体粘度の関数として表すことができる.3.攪拌槽自由表面の気-液間物質移動係数は温度の上昇に伴って増加し, 液相として有機溶剤を用いて測定された値と比較的良く一致する.
Trimming of ring resonators via ion implantation in silicon (2017)

Ion implantation into silicon causes radiation damage. If a sufficient dose is implanted, complete amorphisation can result in any implanted part of an optical device. Amorphous silicon has a refractive index that is significantly different higher than that of crystalline silicon (~10<sup>-1</sup>), and can therefore form the basis of a refractive index change in optical devices. This refractive index change can be partially or completely removed by annealing. In recent years we have presented results on the development of erasable gratings in silicon to facilitate wafer scale testing of silicon photonics circuits. These gratings are formed by amorphising selected areas of silicon by utilising ion implantation of Germanium. However, we have now used similar technology for trimming of integrated photonic components. In this paper we discuss design, modelling and fabrication of ring resonators and their subsequent trimming using ion implantation of Germanium into silicon followed by annealing.
Premilking Stimulation Effects on Milking Performance and Oxytocin and Prolactin Release in Cows (1980)

For effects on milking performance, 12 Holstein cows were subjected to four stimulation routines: a) no stimulation, b) manual stimulation, c) manual stimulation with delayed milking, and d) intravenous infusion of .75 IU of oxytocin. In an added experiment, effects of the first two treatments on milking performance and release of oxytocin and prolactin were measured. Milk yield, fat, and protein content were not affected by any treatment. Machine-on times were shorter and peak and average milk flow rates higher for manually stimulated and oxytocin and prolactin in sera at resting were 5.25 microU/ml and 16.5 ng/ml. Differences between mean peak concentrations of oxytocin (16.6 and 16.0 microU/ml) and prolactin (28.1 and 27.5 ng/ml) for stimulated and unstimulated cows were small. Mean oxytocin concentration in stimulated cows peaked at 2 min compared with 5 min for unstimulated cows. No difference in time of prolactin release was detected. The timing of oxytocin release, rather than maximal concentration, could be the most important factor affecting milking.
Direct data-driven LPV control for active braking in aircraft (2021)

Designing effective braking controllers for aircrafts is a challenging task, due to the highly time-varying dynamical features and the very different working conditions of interest. Traditional controllers rely on threshold-based acceleration approaches, but it has been recently proved that slip-based solutions can enhance performance and allow direct tire monitoring. However, also slip-based solutions need adaptation. This paper shows how this can be achieved via LPV data-driven design, with an approach that has its major strength in easing the controller design phase, as it learns both controller parameters and scheduling functions from data. The proposed slip controller ensures both safety and performance, and it is tested within a very realistic simulation setting, endowed with measured noises due to slip estimation errors.
Targeting Nuclear Exporter Protein XPO1/CRM1 in Gastric Cancer (2019)

Gastric cancer remains an unmet clinical problem in urgent need of newer and effective treatments. Here we show that the nuclear export protein, Exportin 1 (XPO1, chromosome region maintenance 1 or CRM1), is a promising molecular target in gastric cancer. We demonstrate significant overexpression of XPO1 in a cohort of histologically diverse gastric cancer patients with primary and metastatic disease. XPO1 RNA interference suppressed gastric cancer cell growth. Anti-tumor activity was observed with specific inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds (selinexor/XPOVIO), second-generation compound KPT-8602/eltanexor, KPT-185 and +ve control Leptomycin B in three distinct gastric cancer cell lines. SINE compounds inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation, disrupted spheroid formation, induced apoptosis and halted cell cycle progression at the G1/S phase. Anti-tumor activity was concurrent with nuclear retention of tumor suppressor proteins and inhibition of colony formation. In combination studies, SINE compounds enhanced the efficacy of nab-paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. More significantly, using non-coding RNA sequencing studies, we demonstrate for the first time that SINE compounds can alter the expression of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and piwiRNAs). SINE treatment caused statistically significant downregulation of oncogenic miR-33b-3p in two distinct cell lines. These studies demonstrate the therapeutic significance of XPO1 in gastric cancer that warrants further clinical investigation.
Experimental approach for robust identification of radiofrequency power amplifier behavioural models using polynomial structures (2010)

Here, the robustness of polynomial model identification for radiofrequency power amplifiers (PAs) driven by wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) signals is investigated. The ill-conditioning problem is highlighted, and the sensitivity of the model identification to disturbance is demonstrated. These issues are mainly related to the correlated character of the WCDMA signal. The identification robustness is then enhanced using, instead of the WCDMA input, a synthetic wideband signal with a parametrised probability density function (pdf) close to that of the WCDMA signal, which is of the Rayleigh type. The pdf of the synthetic signal is chosen in order to have the best conditioning values. The signal characteristics, including bandwidth and average power, are controlled to maintain the same amplifier average operating conditions during the characterisation step. Measurement results performed on a 300 W Doherty PA illustrate satisfactory modelling accuracy and significant improvement in the identification robustness achieved by using the proposed approach.
A Study of the Pathway of Nitric Oxide Production by Nitroglycerin in Trabecular Meshwork Cells (2013)

: . : 1% 10 nM 30 Griess assay , RT-PCR eNOS mRNA . wortmanin Akt1/2 kinase
Topical Oleaginous Minocycline Foam: Efficacious Delivery into Skin Layers (2017)

Minocycline hydrochloride (MCH) is a broad spectrum antibioticof the tetracycline group that is extensively used to treat skin conditions such as acne and rosacea. Unfortunately, since this antibiotic is highly prone to degradation, no minocycline-containing topical product is currently available on the market. In this pilot study, MCH was incorporated into a novel oleaginous foam recently developed by Foamix Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. The product, coded FMX101, was produced in drug concentrations of 1% w/w or 4% w/w. An in vitro porcine skin model was utilized to evaluate the extent of MCH penetration into the skin layers and compartments. The results indicated that topical foam administration allows MCH penetration that is sufficiently deep to treat most typical skin infections, acne and rosacea. Additional studies, using MALDI FTICR imaging and fluorescent microscopy techniques demonstrated visually the residence of MCH in the stratum corneum, the epidermis and the dermis and showed specific targeting to the pilosebaceous unit. The antibiotic foam caused virtually no trans-dermal drug absorption.
Elevation of lysosomal pH leads to the release of Ca2+, ATP and cytokines from RPE cells (2013)

The modulation of lysosomal pH can influence the degradation of cellular material delivered through autophagic or phagocytotic pathways. In retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, lysosomal alkalinization impairs both pathways, while drugs identified to reacidify lysosomes can enhance the clearance of this material. In addition to aiding in degradation, however, lysosomes also serve as a storage site for signaling molecules such as Ca 2+ , ATP and cytokines. We thus asked whether lysosomal alkalinization led to the release of these compounds in RPE cells. Lysosomal pH was elevated by bafilomycin, chloroquine or the P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP. Cytoplasmic Ca 2+ was increased by bafilomycin or chloroquine, but was this rise was lessened by treatment to reacidify lysosomes. Bafilomycin or chloroquine also led to a rapid rise in extracellular levels of ATP, consistent with vesicular release of ATP. While release of cytokine IL‐6 was triggered by bafilomycin or chloroquine, BzATP was more effective than either. IL‐6 release following BzATP stimulation was rapid, sustained, dependent on extracellular Ca 2+ and blocked by P2X7R antagonists. In conclusion, elevation of lysosomal pH in RPE cells influences both the degradation of waste material and the release of Ca 2+ , ATP and cytokines. Whether these release pathways are compromised by chronic elevation of lysosomal pH remains unknown.
Novel Organo-Functional Titanium−oxo-cluster-Based Hybrid Materials with Enhanced Thermomechanical and Thermal Properties (2005)

Two novel nanomaterials based on hybrid organic−inorganic polymers have been prepared via free radical polymerization of (I) dimethacrylate oligomers and (II) 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of different contents of organically modified titanium−oxo-clusters Ti16O16(OEt)24(OC2H4Mc)8 (OMc = methacrylate). Investigations, combining small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) lead to consistent structural and morphological characteristics for both grades of hybrid materials. Structural features, such as the subunit size and fractal dimensions are extracted from SAXS profiles. For the first grade of nanomaterials, i.e., for different content of titanium−oxo-clusters (2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt %) incorporated into a dimethacrylate-based matrix, aggregates with ramified mass fractal structures were found. Semiquantitative studies of TEM and EFTEM images revealed the presence of a uniform size distribution in the case of 2.5 wt % titanium cluster content with a typical size of 30 nm. A larger size distribution has been found for the 5 wt % and 7.5 wt % between 30 and 180 nm. For the second grade of nanomaterials, i.e., the 19.2 wt % of organically modified titanium clusters incorporated into poly(HEMA), compact and highly dense aggregates with a size distribution from a few nm up to 50 nm were found from TEM and EFTEM images. A significant increase of the storage modulus for the first grade of nanomaterials was revealed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The incorporation of Ti nanoclusters in the matrix lead to a significant alteration of the system's hardness as indicated through nano-indentation measurements. Thermogravimetric analysis also indicated a significant enhancement of the thermal stability compared to the neat matrix, probably because of the antioxidant effect of the titanium−oxo-clusters.
The structure of small gallium nitride clusters (2000)

The geometry, vibrational frequencies and stability of the structural isomers of small gallium nitride clusters (n = 2–4) have been investigated using density functional theory. The lowest energy structures are cyclic. The ground electronic state of the cyclic forms for n > 2 is the singlet state. All of the cyclic structures have Dnh symmetry. The caged structures for Ga4N4 lie higher in energy than the planar cumulenic monocyclic ring. The Ga-N bond dominates the structures for many isomers, so that one dissociation channel is loss of a GaN monomer. However, unlike the corresponding boron and aluminum clusters, dissociation into larger fragments is energetically favored. The structural properties of the gallium nitride clusters are similar to those of the analogous AIN (and BN) clusters. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 11:281–286, 2000
Harnessing Colon Chip technology to identify commensal bacteria that promote host tolerance to infection (2020)

ABSTRACT Commensal bacteria within the gut microbiome contribute to development of host tolerance to infection, however, identifying specific microbes responsible for this response is difficult. Here we describe methods for developing microfluidic organ-on-a-chip models of small and large intestine lined with epithelial cells isolated from duodenal, jejunal, ileal, or colon organoids derived from wild type or transgenic mice. To focus on host-microbiome interactions, we carried out studies with the mouse Colon Chip and demonstrated that it can support co-culture with living gut microbiome and enable assessment of effects on epithelial adhesion, tight junctions, barrier function, mucus production, and cytokine release. Moreover, infection of the Colon Chips with the pathogenic bacterium, Salmonella typhimurium , resulted in epithelial detachment, decreased tight junction staining, and increased release of cytokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL20) that closely mimicked changes previously seen in mice. Symbiosis between microbiome bacteria and the intestinal epithelium was also recapitulated by populating Colon Chips with complex living mouse or human microbiome. By taking advantage of differences in the composition between complex microbiome samples cultured on each chip using 16s sequencing, we were able to identify Enterococcus faecium as a positive contributor to host tolerance, confirming past findings obtained in mouse experiments. Thus, mouse Intestine Chips may represent new experimental in vitro platforms for identifying particular bacterial strains that modulate host response to pathogens, as well as for investigating the cellular and molecular basis of host-microbe interactions.
A decamer duplication in the 3′ region of the BRI gene originates an amyloid peptide that is associated with dementia in a Danish kindred (2000)

Familial Danish dementia (FDD), also known as heredopathia ophthalmo-oto-encephalica, is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by cataracts, deafness, progressive ataxia, and dementia. Neuropathological findings include severe widespread cerebral amyloid angiopathy, hippocampal plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles, similar to Alzheimer's disease. N-terminal sequence analysis of isolated leptomeningeal amyloid fibrils revealed homology to ABri, the peptide originated by a point mutation at the stop codon of gene BRI in familial British dementia. Molecular genetic analysis of the BRI gene in the Danish kindred showed a different defect, namely the presence of a 10-nt duplication (795-796insTTTAATTTGT) between codons 265 and 266, one codon before the normal stop codon 267. The decamer duplication mutation produces a frame-shift in the BRI sequence generating a larger-than-normal precursor protein, of which the amyloid subunit (designated ADan) comprises the last 34 C-terminal amino acids. This de novo-created amyloidogenic peptide, associated with a genetic defect in the Danish kindred, stresses the importance of amyloid formation as a causative factor in neurodegeneration and dementia.
Effect of Flow on Corrosion and Its Inhibition in Riser Pipelines (2008)

Abstract The performance of a candidate corrosion inhibitor under conditions similar to the ones encountered in Catenary risers was evaluated in a 44 m long, 10.16 cm diameter, industrial scale multiphase flow loop. Flow characteristics (e.g. slug frequency), baseline corrosion and the performance of a corrosion inhibitor are presented in this paper. Electrical resistance (ER) probes for inhibitor screening tests and carbon steel corrosion coupons for inhibitor validation tests were used for the measurement of corrosion rates. Light condensate oil with a viscosity of 2.5 cP was used and water cut with 150,000 ppm of chloride and 55 ppm of bi-carbonate was 80%. The tests were undertaken in 3° and 45° inclined pipes. Visual observations showed that the flow is substantially changed when the pipeline is set at a 45 degree inclination. At superficial liquid and gas velocities of 1.5 and 0.7 m/s, plug flow was observed at 3°. However at same conditions, simultaneous plug and slug flow were observed at 45°. The corrosion rates for both bottom and top of the pipes increased significantly when the pipeline inclination was changed from 3 degrees to 45 degrees. A total inhibitor concentration of 200 ppm was required to achieve the target corrosion rate.