gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oblique pixel slide method using optical devices for digital cameras with a single CCD (2001)

This paper presents a new pixel slide method using optical deices for digital still cameras with a single-CCD to achieve high resolution. Authors have developed a new pixel- slide method using a double-refraction plate, a liquid crystal plate and a polarization filter, which takes advantage of the fact that a double-refraction plate has different indexes of refraction depending on the polarization direction. In addition, they have developed a ne color interpolation method to create a highly precise image form two images shifted by 1/2 pixel. The interpolation is conducted utilizing the color correlation. When a VGA- compatible CCD was employed in a digital still camera, resolution of 800 lines was obtained by using the proposed method. When an SXGA-compatible CCD was used, resolution of 1600 lines was obtained.
Multi-Rate Feedforward Tracking Control for Plants With Nonminimum Phase Discrete Time Models (1999)

This paper is concerned with performance enhancement of tracking control systems by multi-rate control. The feedback controller is updated at the same rate as the sampling rate of the output measurements. The feedforward controller processes the desired output signal for high accuracy tracking, and its output is updated at a rate N-times faster than the sampling rate of the output measurements. The discrete time model of the controlled plant may possess unstable zeros, and the zero phase error tracking controller (ZPETC) is used as a feedforward controller. Inter-sample behavior of the plant is included in evaluating the tracking performance of the multi-rate system. Illustrative examples are given to show advantages of the proposed multi-rate feedback/feedforward control scheme.
LUD 00-009: phase 1 study of intensive course immunization with NY-ESO-1 peptides in HLA-A2 positive patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing cancer. (2007)

NY-ESO-1 is a cancer-testis antigen and an attractive target for immunotherapy in patients with different malignancies. Here we report the results of a phase I clinical study of intensive course NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccination, evaluating the safety, immunogenicity and clinical response in HLA-A2 positive patients with NY-ESO-1 expressing cancers. Of 20 patients enrolled in the trial, 14 completed at least 2 cycles of immunization and were evaluable for clinical and immunological response. Five of these evaluable patients were treated in cohort 1 (baseline seropositive) and 9 patients were treated in cohort 2 (baseline seronegative). During vaccination, NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T-cells were induced in 3 of 9 baseline seronegative patients. In patients with pre-existing antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells, their number increased or remained stable. In contrast to previous immunization protocols with less intensive immunization schedules, we observed a rapid induction of high magnitude NY-ESO-1 peptide-specific T-cell responses detectable already on day 15-22 of immunization. A specific immune response of high magnitude and early onset may be more effective in eliminating minimal residual disease in adjuvant treatment situations and in preventing tumor progression due to immune escape mechanisms.
Elastic wave scattering by periodic structures of spherical objects: Theory and experiment (2000)

We extend the multiple-scattering theory for elastic waves by taking into account the full vector character. The formalism for both the band structure calculation and the reflection and transmission calculations for finite slabs is presented. The latter is based on a double-layer scheme which obtains the reflection and transmission matrix elements for the multilayer slab from those of a single layer. As a demonstration of applications of the formalism, we calculate the band structures of elastic waves propagating in a three-dimensional periodic arrangement of spherical particles and voids, as well as the transmission coefficients through finite slabs. In contrast with the plane-wave method, the multiple-scattering approach exhibits advantages in handling specialized geometries (spherical geometry in the present case). We also present a comparison between theory and ultrasound experiment for a hexagonal-close-packed array of steel balls immersed in water. Excellent agreement is obtained.
CHAPTER 4. Basic and Applied Aspects of Neonicotinoid Insecticides (2011)

Neonicotinoid insecticides are considered the the fastest-growing class of insecticides in modern crop protection since the introduction of pyrethroids, with widespread use against a broad spectrum of sucking and several chewing pests. Seven structurally different neonicotinoid insecticides are commercially availabale. They act selectively as agonists on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), their molecular target site, with little or no binding to vertebrate receptors. Because of the relatively low risk for non-target organisms and environment, the high target-specificity of neonicotinoid insecticides and their versatility in application methods, this important class has to be maintained globally for sustainable integrated pest management strategies and insect resistance management programmes. Combined with innovative concepts for life-cycle management such as optimized formulations, neonicotinoids will be the most important chemical class within the next few years for the control of some of the globally most destructive pest insects in many agronomic cropping systems.
Modeling of Process (Ge, N) Dependence and Mechanical Strain Impact on NBTI in HKMG SiGe GF FDSOI p-MOSFETs and RMG p-FinFETs (2018)

A physical framework is used to model time kinetics of Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) in Si and SiGe FDSOI p-MOSFETs and p-FinFETs. The effects of Germanium (Ge%) in the channel and Nitrogen (N%) in the High-K Metal Gate (HKMG) gate stack are explained. Mechanical strain effects in terms of STI to active distance (SA) for FDSOI and channel length (L) scaling for FinFET are explained. Band structure is calculated to correlate the process (Ge%, N%, strain) impact on device degradation. The model is included in Sentaurus Device TCAD to predict NBTI kinetics in Si and SiGe FinFETs.
Sickle cell disease (SCD), iNKT cells, and regadenoson infusion. (2012)

A humanized murine sickle cell-disease (SCD) model (NY1DD) has been used to study ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in sickle cell anemia, and iNKT cells (a very small subset of murine and human T cells) have been found to instigate such injury in this model. Furthermore, levels of activated iNKT cells are generally elevated in the circulation of patients with SCD. Because activated iNKT cells are rich in adenosine A2A receptors which, when agonized, down-regulate the inflammatory cytokine expression that characterizes the cells, we have conducted a phase 1 trial of a constant infusion of low-dose regadenoson (an adenosine analogue with high A2A receptor specificity) to determine its safety and the capacity of a safe dose to down-regulate circulating iNKT cells in patients with SCD. We have found two dose rates that are both safe and effective and now plan a controlled Phase 2B clinical trial to determine whether our highest dose, administered as a 48-hour constant infusion, will induce faster remission in both painful vaso-occlusive crisis (pVOC) and acute chest syndrome (ACS).
Epsilon-near-zero materials: Optical properties and applications. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Abstract 2117: The Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1) has tumor suppressing functions in glioblastoma potentially by inducing cellular senescence (2011)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive form of human glioma and despite recent progress in therapy the prognosis remains dismal with a median survival of 15 months. Expression based prediction of gene alterations identified Wnt inhibitory factor I (WIF1) as a new candidate tumor suppressor gene involved in glioblastoma. WIF1 encodes a secreted Wnt antagonist and it was strongly down-regulated in most glioblastoma as compared to normal brain, implying deregulation of Wnt signaling. Silencing of the WIF1 gene was found to be mediated by deletion and WIF1 promoter hypermethylation. Ectopic expression of WIF1 in glioblastoma cell lines revealed a dose dependent decrease of Wnt pathway activity. To further dissect the biological effects of WIF1 re-expression, we established WIF1 overexpressing glioblastoma cell lines. We observed that WIF1 re-expression inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and strongly reduced anchorage independent growth. The ability of forming colonies in soft agar was reduced to less than 11% of the control. Moreover, the expression of WIF1 was able to completely abolish tumorigenicity in a respective xenograft model in nude mice. Interestingly, WIF1 overexpression in glioblastoma cells induced a senescence-like phenotype characterized by the appearance of enlarged flattened and multinucleated cells positive for the presence of β-galactosidase, a late marker of senescence. These results provide evidence that WIF1 has tumor suppressing properties in glioblastoma, hence, the implication of a deregulated Wnt pathway may render glioblastoma sensitive to Wnt signaling inhibitors, potentially by diverting the tumor cells into a senescence-like state. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2117. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2117
Functional analyses of active site residues of human lysosomal aspartylglucosaminidase: implications for catalytic mechanism and autocatalytic activation. (1996)

Aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA) is a lysosomal asparaginase that participates in the breakdown of glycoproteins by cleaving the amide bond between the asparagine and the oligosaccharide chain. Active AGA is an (alphabeta)2 heterotetramer of two non-identical subunits that are cleaved proteolytically from an enzymatically inactive precursor polypeptide. On the basis of the three-dimensional structure recently determined by us, we have here mutagenized the putative active site amino acids of AGA and studied by transient expression the effect of targeted substitutions on the enzyme activity and catalytic properties of AGA. These analyses support the novel type of catalytic mechanism, suggested previously by us, in which AGA utilizes as the nucleophile the N-terminal residue of the beta subunit and most importantly its alpha-amino group as a base that increases the nucleophilicity of the OH group. We also provide evidence for autocatalytic activation of the inactive AGA precursor and putative involvement of active site amino acids in the proteolytic processing. The data obtained on the structure and function of AGA would indicate that AGA is a member of a recently described novel class of hydrolytic enzymes (amidohydrolases) sharing a common structural determinant in their three-dimensional structure and whose catalytic mechanisms with an N-terminal nucleophile seem basically to be similar.
Supplementary Figures S1-S11 from <i>Pten</i>-Null Tumors Cohabiting the Same Lung Display Differential AKT Activation and Sensitivity to Dietary Restriction (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S11 - PDF file 1955K, The Supplementary figures (Figs. S1-S11) provide additional characterization of the KPTEN, Kp53 and KPTENp53 mouse models of lung cancer, the alveolar and bronchiolar tumors they harbor, and the cells derived from these tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Software Language Comprehension using a Program-Derived Semantic Graph (2020)

Traditional code transformation structures, such as abstract syntax trees (ASTs), conteXtual flow graphs (XFGs), and more generally, compiler intermediate representations (IRs), may have limitations in extracting higher-order semantics from code. While work has already begun on higher-order semantics lifting (e.g., Aroma's simplified parse tree (SPT), verified lifting's lambda calculi, and Halide's intentional domain specific language (DSL)), research in this area is still immature. To continue to advance this research, we present the program-derived semantics graph, a new graphical structure to capture semantics of code. The PSG is designed to provide a single structure for capturing program semantics at multiple levels of abstraction. The PSG may be in a class of emerging structural representations that cannot be built from a traditional set of predefined rules and instead must be learned. In this paper, we describe the PSG and its fundamental structural differences compared to state-of-the-art structures. Although our exploration into the PSG is in its infancy, our early results and architectural analysis indicate it is a promising new research direction to automatically extract program semantics.
Near-infrared surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: New developments and applications (1989)

The surface-enhanced Raman phenomenon was discovered in 1974 and analytical applications of it are only now being developed. Near-infrared surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was first reported in 1988, and the characteristics of the technique are still being determined. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the reader to the technique and to describe some of its characteristics. In addition, some of the applications being explored by the authors, including remote monitoring of groundwater contaminants and qualitative assays for drugs, are presented. 61 refs., 12 figs.
The study of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles via microfluidically generated droplets (2018)

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play a significant role in the climate and hydrological cycle by triggering ice formation in supercooled clouds, thereby causing precipitation and affecting cloud lifetimes and their radiative properties. However, despite their importance, INP often comprise only 1 in 10<sup>3</sup>-10<sup>6</sup> ambient particles, making it difficult to ascertain and predict their type, source, and concentration. The typical techniques for quantifying INP concentrations tend to be highly labour-intensive, suffer from poor time resolution, or are limited in sensitivity to low concentrations. Here, we present the application of microfluidic devices to the study of atmospheric INPs via the simple and rapid production of monodisperse droplets and their subsequent freezing on a cold stage. This device offers the potential for the testing of INP concentrations in aqueous samples with high sensitivity and high counting statistics. Various INPs were tested for validation of the platform, including mineral dust and biological species, with results compared to literature values. We also describe a methodology for sampling atmospheric aerosol in a manner that minimises sampling biases and which is compatible with the microfluidic device. We present results for INP concentrations in air sampled during two field campaigns: (1) from a rural location in the UK and (2) during the UK's annual Bonfire Night festival. These initial results will provide a route for deployment of the microfluidic platform for the study and quantification of INPs in upcoming field campaigns around the globe, while providing a benchmark for future lab-on-a-chip-based INP studies.
PI3Kβ inhibition enhances ALK ‐inhibitor sensitivity in ALK ‐rearranged lung cancer (2022)

Treatment with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors significantly improves outcome for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ALK-rearranged tumors. However, clinical resistance typically develops over time and, in the majority of cases, resistance mechanisms are ALK-independent. We generated tumor cell cultures from multiple regions of an ALK-rearranged clinical tumor specimen and deployed functional drug screens to identify modulators of ALK-inhibitor response. This identified a role for PI3Kβ and EGFR inhibition in sensitizing the response regulating resistance to ALK inhibition. Inhibition of ALK elicited activation of EGFR, and subsequent MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathway reactivation. Sensitivity to ALK targeting was enhanced by inhibition or knockdown of PI3Kβ. In ALK-rearranged primary cultures, the combined inhibition of ALK and PI3Kβ prevented the EGFR-mediated ALK-inhibitor resistance, and selectively targeted the cancer cells. The combinatorial effect was seen also in the background of TP53 mutations and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformed cells. In conclusion, combinatorial ALK- and PI3Kβ-inhibitor treatment carries promise as a treatment for ALK-rearranged NSCLC.
<title>PASOTRON<emph type="21">™</emph> high-energy microwave source</title> (1992)

A unique, high-energy microwave source, called PASOTRON (Plasma-Assisted Slow-wave Oscillator), has been developed. The PASOTRON utilizes a long-pulse E-gun and plasma- filled slow-wave structure (SWS) to produce high-energy pulses from a simple, lightweight device that utilizes no externally produced magnetic fields. Long pulses are obtained from a novel E-gun that employs a low-pressure glow discharge to provide a stable, high current- density electron source. The electron accelerator consists of a high-perveance, multi-aperture array. The E-beam is operated in the ion-focused regime where the plasma filling the SWS space-charge neutralizes the beam, and the self-pinch force compresses the beamlets and increases the beam current density. A scale-model PASOTRON, operating as a backward- wave oscillator in C-band with a 100-kV E-beam, has produced output powers in the 3 to 5 MW range and pulse lengths of over 100 microsecond(s) ec, corresponding to an integrated energy per pulse of up to 500 J. The E-beam to microwave-radiation power conversion efficiency is about 20%.
Flexible Low-Voltage Organic Thin-Film Transistors Enabled by Low-Temperature, Ambient Solution-Processable Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Gate Dielectrics (2010)

We report here on the design, synthesis, processing, and dielectric properties of novel cross-linked inorganic/organic hybrid blend (CHB) dielectric films which enable low-voltage organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) operation. CHB thin films (20-43 nm thick) are readily fabricated by spin-coating a zirconium chloride precursor plus an α,ω-disilylalkane cross-linker solution in ambient conditions, followed by curing at low temperatures (~150 °C). The very smooth CHB dielectrics exhibit excellent insulating properties (leakage current densities ~10(-7) A/cm(2)), tunable capacitance (95-365 nF/cm(2)), and high dielectric constants (5.0-10.2). OTFTs fabricated with pentacene as the organic semiconductor function well at low voltages (<-4.0 V). The morphologies and microstructures of representative semiconductor films grown on CHB dielectrics prepared with incrementally varied compositions and processing conditions are investigated and shown to correlate closely with the OTFT response.
Open-label study of adalimumab in patients with ulcerative colitis including those with prior loss of response or intolerance to infliximab (2009)

Adalimumab is well tolerated and appears to be a clinically beneficial option for patients with UC, including those who have previously lost their response to or cannot tolerate infliximab.
Measurement of the production cross-section of a single top quark in association with a W boson at 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment (2016)

The cross-section for the production of a single top quark in association with a W boson in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV is measured. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 , collected by the ATLAS detector in 2012 at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Events containing two leptons and one central b-jet are selected. The W t signal is separated from the backgrounds using boosted decision trees, each of which combines a number of discriminating variables into one classifier. Production of W t events is observed with a significance of 7.7. The cross-section is extracted in a profile likelihood fit to the classifier output distributions. The W t cross-section, inclusive of decay modes, is measured to be 23.01.3(stat.) +3.2 -3.5 (syst.)1.1(lumi.) pb. The measured cross-section is used to extract a value for the CKM matrix element |V tb | of 1.01 0.10 and a lower limit of 0.80 at the 95% confidence level. The cross-section for the production of a top quark and a W boson is also measured in a fiducial acceptance requiring two leptons with p T > 25 GeV and || < 2.5, one jet with p T > 20 GeV and || < 2.5, and E miss T > 20 GeV, including both W t and top-quark pair events as signal. The measured value of the fiducial cross-section is 0.85 0.01(stat.) +0.06 -0.07 (syst.)0.03(lumi.) pb.
High‐density characterization of a localized reentry circuit occurred after AF ablation (2018)

Abstract We present the case of a localized reentry circuit that developed 24 h after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The circuit was of interest because it overlapped with sites of previous defragmentation during AF. The circuit presented a small funnel that measured only 1.4 mm at its narrowest segment. Fractionated signals, which codify for slow conduction zones, corresponded to the isthmus site. Ablation at this site interrupted the atrial tachycardia.
ChemInform Abstract: First Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)‐Desmethylsibutramine. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prediction-based Online Trajectory Compression (2016)

Recent spatio-temporal data applications, such as car-shar\-ing and smart cities, impose new challenges regarding the scalability and timeliness of data processing systems. Trajectory compression is a promising approach for scaling up spatio-temporal databases. However, existing techniques fail to address the online setting, in which a compressed version of a trajectory stream has to be maintained over time. In this paper, we introduce ONTRAC, a new framework for map-matched online trajectory compression. ONTRAC learns prediction models for suppressing updates to a trajectory database using training data. Two prediction schemes are proposed, one for road segments via a Markov model and another for travel-times by combining Quadratic Programming and Expectation Maximization. Experiments show that ONTRAC outperforms the state-of-the-art offline technique even when long update delays (4 mininutes) are allowed and achieves up to 21 times higher compression ratio for travel-times. Moreover, our approach increases database scalability by up to one order of magnitude.
ChemInform Abstract: Michael Additions of Functionalized Organozinc Reagents Mediated by Catalytic Quantities of Copper(I). (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predicting Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis without Contrast Agents (2012)

In many cases, breakdown of the BBB in acute MS lesions may be inferred without the need to inject an MR imaging contrast agent. The inference relies on intrinsic properties of tissue damage in acute lesions. Although contrast studies are more accurate, they may sometimes be unnecessary.