gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Trustworthy In-Sensor Cryptography for Image Encryption and Authentication (2023)

The prevailing transmission of image information over the Internet of Things demands trustworthy cryptography for high security and privacy. State-of-the-art security modules are usually physically separated from the sensory terminals that capture images, which unavoidably exposes image information to various attacks during the transmission process. Here we develop in-sensor cryptography that enables capturing images and producing security keys in the same hardware devices. The generated key inherently binds to the captured images, which gives rise to highly trustworthy cryptography. Using the intrinsic electronic and optoelectronic characteristics of the 256 molybdenum disulfide phototransistor array, we can harvest electronic and optoelectronic binary keys with a physically unclonable function and further upgrade them into multiple-state ternary and double-binary keys, exhibiting high uniformity, uniqueness, randomness, and coding capacity. This in-sensor cryptography enables highly trustworthy image encryption to avoid passive attacks and image authentication to prevent unauthorized editions.
Adalimumab Rapidly Induces Clinical Remission and Response in Patients with Moderate to Severe Crohnʼs Disease Who Had Secondary Failure to Infliximab Therapy (2006)

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of adalimumab (ADA), a self-injectable, fully human anti-TNF monoclonal antibody, in the induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) and response in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD) who had secondary failure to infliximab (IFX) therapy. Methods: Patients with moderate to severe CD (CDAI 220–450) and secondary failure to IFX therapy were enrolled in GAIN, a Phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, and were randomized to receive ADA, 160 mg sc at Wk 0 (BL) and 80 mg sc at Wk 2, or placebo (PBO) at both time points. Primary endpoint was remission at Wk 4. Secondary endpoints were clinical response (CR) defined as a decrease from BL CDAI of ≥70 or 100 (CR70/100) at Wk 4. Safety was assessed throughout the study. Results: Patients were randomized to receive ADA (N = 159) or PBO (N = 166). Baseline characteristics were similar between the two arms: mean age, 38 yrs; female, 65%; mean CDAI, 313 (± 62 SD); median CRP, 0.8 mg/dL; immunosuppressant use, 48%. Clinical remission and response rates observed in the ADA arm were significant vs. PBO. Serious adverse events (SAE) were observed in 4.8% of PBO patients (abscess, 3; sepsis, 1; CD flare, 1; dehydration, 1; abdominal pain, 1) and in 1.3% of ADA patients (CD flare, 1; dehydration, 1). No delayed-hypersensitivity (serum sickness) reactions or deaths occurred. The overall safety profile of ADA was consistent with prior CD trials and the existing RA database. Conclusions: Adalimumab rapidly and significantly induced clinical remission and response in patients with moderate to severe CD who had secondary failure to IFX. Adalimumab was well-tolerated.Table: Clinical Remission and Response in GAIN.
On shear in members without stirrups and the application of energy‐based methods in light of 30 years of test observations (2019)

Abstract In a recent paper in Structural Concrete, the authors Dönmez and Bažant explain that the theoretical background of the Model Code 2010 equations for one way and punching shear are not sufficiently grounded in theory and should instead use an energy‐based size effect law in their formulation to match behavior. To support this claim, finite element simulations were presented. In this paper the basic assumption that an energy‐based method must govern the shear failure of beams without stirrups is questioned. These questions are shown to be based on the hardening behavior of aggregate interlock tests and the inability for slip strains to localize during shear failure. In addition to these theoretical arguments finite element analyses were conducted with a constitutive model that is energy‐based but that also does an appropriate job at modeling aggregate interlock, an aspect that appears to be lacking in the analyses of Dönmez and Bažant. These new results are shown to better model the test results and confirm that aggregate interlock is important in explaining shear strength and therefore the size effect in shear for slender members. As such any concerns about the safety of the Model Code shear equations appear unwarranted.
Genetic Variants on Chromosome 1q41 Influence Ocular Axial Length and High Myopia (2012)

As one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness, myopia poses a significant public health burden in Asia. The primary determinant of myopia is an elongated ocular axial length (AL). Here we report a meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies on AL conducted in 1,860 Chinese adults, 929 Chinese children, and 2,155 Malay adults. We identified a genetic locus on chromosome 1q41 harboring the zinc-finger 11B pseudogene ZC3H11B showing genome-wide significant association with AL variation (rs4373767, β = -0.16 mm per minor allele, P(meta) =2.69 × 10(-10)). The minor C allele of rs4373767 was also observed to significantly associate with decreased susceptibility to high myopia (per-allele odds ratio (OR) =0.75, 95% CI: 0.68-0.84, P(meta) =4.38 × 10(-7)) in 1,118 highly myopic cases and 5,433 controls. ZC3H11B and two neighboring genes SLC30A10 and LYPLAL1 were expressed in the human neural retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and sclera. In an experimental myopia mouse model, we observed significant alterations to gene and protein expression in the retina and sclera of the unilateral induced myopic eyes for the murine genes ZC3H11A, SLC30A10, and LYPLAL1. This supports the likely role of genetic variants at chromosome 1q41 in influencing AL variation and high myopia.
Replication of Bacteriophage T7 DNA by Purified Proteins (1979)

Bacteriophage T7 provides a system for understanding the enzymatic and molecular mechanisms involved in the replication of a linear, duplex DNA molecule. Each T7 particle contains an entirely double-stranded DNA molecule, each strand consisting of an uninterrupted sequence of 40,000 nucleotides (Fig. 1a). The DNA molecules isolated from T7, like those from T-even phages, contain a terminal repetition but, unlike the circularly permuted collection isolated from T-even phages, they form a unique collection of sequences (for reviews, see Thomas 1966; Studier 1972).
Channel allocation for cooperative relays in cognitive radio networks (2010)

In this paper, we investigate channel allocation for cooperative relays in cognitive radio networks. Different from conventional cooperative relay channels, cognitive radio relay channels are actually a combination of three kinds of channels: direct, dual-hop, and relay channels, which belong to different spectrum bands and provide parallel end-to-end transmission. In order to maximize the achievable end-to-end throughput, we propose two channel allocation approaches with different complexities to assign all the channels cooperatively. Numerical results illustrate the performance improvement in different number of available channels. In particular, it has about 40% improvement in throughput when the average SNR is 15 dB and eight available channels are used.
V/Al-based ohmic contact formation to n-GaN using low temperature annealing (2013)

We describe the dependence of annealing temperature on the ohmic contact resistance for n-type GaN layers having ohmic metal stacks of V/Al/Mo/Au and Ti/Al/Mo/Au. Measurement results indicated that the contact resistance for V/Al/Mo/Au with a doping level of 2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> was 0.35 Ωmm after annealing at 600 °C, while that for Ti/Al/Mo/Au did not show good ohmic behaviors after annealing below 650 °C. These results indicate that V/Al/Mo/Au is a good alternative to Ti/Al/Mo/Au and is suited for low-temperature annealing. Interdiffusion of metals during annealing studied by Auger electron spectroscopy will be also discussed.
Amphotropic retrovirus vector transfer of the v-ras oncogene to human hematopoietic and stromal cells in continuous bone marrow cultures (1985)

Human continuous bone marrow cultures were established from intraoperative marrow specimens and infected with amphotropic murine leukemia virus (Am-MuLV) pseudotypes of Kirsten or Harvey murine sarcoma virus, and the biologic effects were compared with mouse continuous bone marrow cultures. Cultures were tested for production of total nonadherent granulocytes and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFUc); virus replication by supernatant reverse transcriptase activity; percentage of adherent and nonadherent cells and GM-CFUc that released virus by infectious center assay; and for synthesis of Harvey ras p21 protein. High-efficiency, stable Am-MuLV infection of over 90% of human marrow-culture nonadherent and adherent cells and both seven- and 14-day GM-CFUc were detected as Kirsten or Harvey pseudotype virus release by infectious center assay. Synthesis of Harvey ras p21 was detected in the adherent and nonadherent cell populations of human as well as mouse continuous marrow cultures infected with Kirsten or Harvey pseudotype virus. In contrast to data with mouse cultures, cumulative production of GM-CFUc and differentiated granulocytes in human cultures was not detectably altered by Harvey or Kirsten virus infection, and all cultures ceased to produce hematopoietic cells by 20 weeks. Of 54 virus-infected cultures in ten separate experiments, 13 produced a second peak of nonadherent cells (greater than 10(5) per flask) after 20 weeks, significantly more frequently than did control uninfected cultures (one of 32). When subcultured, these harvests produced permanent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed pre-B cell lines that released the original inoculating pseudotype virus. Thus, Am-MuLV is a potentially valuable vector for inserting genetic sequences by recombinant techniques into human hematopoietic and stromal cells in culture; however, activation of EBV may be a significant complication.
Open-Source HVDC Control – a High-Level Perspective (2020)

Future multivendor, and multiterminal high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) grids are considered an enabling technology to efficiently integrate large amounts of renewable energy into the existing gri ...
A review of multifunctional nanoemulsion systems to overcome oral and CNS drug delivery barriers (2010)

The oral and central nervous systems (CNS) present a unique set of barriers to the delivery of important diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Extensive research over the past few years has enabled a better understanding of these physical and biological barriers based on tight cellular junctions and expression of active transporters and metabolizing enzymes at the luminal surfaces of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This review focuses on the recent understanding of transport across the GI tract and BBB and the development of nanotechnology-based delivery strategies that can enhance bioavailability of drugs. Multifunctional lipid nanosystems, such as oil-in-water nanoemulsions, that integrate enhancement in permeability, tissue and cell targeting, imaging, and therapeutic functions are especially promising. Based on strategic choice of edible oils, surfactants and additional surface modifiers, and different types of payloads, rationale design of multifunctional nanoemulsions can serve as a safe and effective delivery vehicle across oral and CNS barriers.
P–522 Cervical secretion methylation profile is associated with the success of frozen-thawed embryo transfer - a proof-of-concept study (2021)

Abstract Study question Is cervical secretion gene methylation profile different between receptive and non-receptive endometrium and associated with implantation outcome in frozen-embryo transfer (FET) cycle? Summary answer The combination of candidate genes methylation profiles obtained from cervical secretion showed significant associations with pregnancy outcomes. What is known already Implantation failure remains a black box in reproductive medicine, and the exact mechanism of how endometrial receptivity is regulated is still unknown. Epigenetic modifications play a role in the gene expression pattern and may alter the endometrial receptivity in the human endometrium. Cervical secretion containing various implantation-related cytokines, and the gene methylation change can be used as a non-invasive molecular source that reflects the endometrium condition. Study design, size, duration In this retrospective case-control study, sixty-two women who entered the FET cycle (30 pregnant and 32 non-pregnant women) were enrolled. Participants/materials, setting, methods Cervical secretion was collected before embryo transfer from women enrolled in multicenter university-affiliated reproductive units. The DNA methylation status of six candidate genes was measured using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). The correlation between methylation change and the pregnancy outcome was analyzed. Main results and the role of chance The candidate genes were selected from that associated with implantation with literature review and the original genome-wide DNA methylation data from NCBI GEO DataSets (GSE90060) which processed using bioinformatics analysis. Six candidate genes whose CpG-level methylation analysis with β-value statistically higher in receptive endometrium than in a pre-receptive endometrium were selected. All six candidate genes showed different degrees of correlation with the pregnancy outcomes. Among them, PRKAG2 methylation changes showed the highest correlation with the pregnancy outcome. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the performance of a single gene or a combination of genes for implantation prediction. The results showed a statistically significant association between the methylation status of a combination of genes (PRKAG2, KRS1, HAND2) and the pregnancy outcome (p = 0.008), resulting in an optimal AUC of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.57 - 0.81) for implantation prediction. Limitations, reasons for caution The results obtained from a relatively small cohort size. A larger study and further comprehensive methylome investigations are warranted. Wider implications of the findings: This study is the first proof-of-concept study that cervical secretion methylation profile is associated with implantation outcome in a FET cycle, and showed potential as a non-invasive method for implantation prediction. Trial registration number non applicable
Cutting edge imaging of human cochlea by industrial high resolution computed micro tomography (2012)

Validation of statistically confirmed geometrical models of the human inner ear requires precise image data of bony structures and soft tissue. By optimization and application of our Industrial High Resolution Micro Computer Tomograph (microCT, Fraunhofer IZFP), we achieve an image quality known so far only from synchrotron X-ray tomography. To improve the generation of X-ray photons, the micro focus X-ray tube was equipped with a high performance transmission target with diamond carrier to achieve a higher photon flux at the same focal diameter. Additionally, our new alignment tool allows post-acquisition correction of adjustment incorrectness which plays a key role in reconstruction of high resolution microCT-data. However, an accurate segmentation of the cochlea is still problematic due to the low X-ray absorption contrast of the inner membranes of scalae. To solve this problem, the soft tissue was stained by putting the specimen into an iodine solution. The resulting data are of outstanding quality and provide the basin for an extensive anatomical study and further development of statistical geometrical models of the human inner ear.
Aetiology in severe and mild mental retardation: a population‐based study of Norwegian children (2000)

The aetiology of mental retardation (MR) was studied in a population‐based series of Norwegian children derived from 30 037 children born between 1980 and 1985. The study included 178 children, 79 with severe MR (SMR) (IQ&lt;50) and 99 with mild MR (MMR) (IQ 50 to 70). Aetiology was divided into two main groups: biopathological and unspecified. The biopathological group comprised 96% of SMR and 68% of MMR, and was subdivided into prenatal (70% and 51%), perinatal (4% and 5%), and postnatal damage (5% and 1%), and a group of undetermined timing of the damaging event (18% and 11%). Single‐gene disorders accounted for 15 of the 63 children with genetic disorders, including X‐linked recessive in six. During the course of the study, at least 27 (15%) children had their aetiological diagnosis revised. Gestational age &lt;32 weeks, birthweight &lt;1500g, and Apgar scores 0 to 2 at 1 and 5 minutes implied a significantly increased risk of MR, but contributed to only 4% of the children in the study. Decreased birthweight (1500 to 2499 g) and Apgar scores 3 to 6 at 1 and 5 minutes showed increased probability of MR. Despite extensive investigations, 4% of SMR and 32% of MMR were not identified with any biological markers and were considered as unspecified MR, several most probably representing the lower end of the normal IQ distribution in the population.
The fluorescence excitation spectrum of the HeI2 van der Waals complex (1976)

The HeI2 van der Waals complex was prepared from a dilute mixture of iodine in helium at a pressure of 100 atm by supersonic expansion through a nozzle into a vacuum. Laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectra were recorded for the B̃←X̃ transition of HeI2 as well as corresponding spectra for the He2I2 and I2 molecules in the expanding gas. I2 was found to be cooled by the expansion to a rotational temperature of 0.4 K, and a vibrational temperature of 50 K. Similarly, cold internal temperatures were attained by the van der Waals complexes. Evidence was found for vibrational predissociation of the HeI2 complex in both the X̃ and B̃ electronic states. The vibrational predissociation rate was found to depend weakly upon the degree of excitation of the I–I stretching mode, ν1. For ν1=1 in the X̃ state the predissociation rate was found to be greater than 5×106 s−1. In the B̃ state the vibrational predissociation rate is ∼5×1010 s−1 for ν1=27, decreasing to &amp;lt;5×109 s−1 for ν1⩽7. The small (3.4–4.0 cm−1) blue shifts of the vibronic bands of the HeI2 spectrum relative to corresponding bands of I2 indicate (1) the van der Waals complex is slightly more strongly bound in the X̃ state than it is in the B̃ state, and (2) the I–I bonding in both the X̃ and B̃ states of iodine is largely unaffected by the formation of the van der Waals bond with helium.
hal9001: Scalable highly adaptive lasso regression in R (2020)

The hal9001 R package provides a computationally efficient implementation of the highly adaptive lasso (HAL), a flexible nonparametric regression and machine learning algorithm endowed with several theoretically convenient properties. hal9001 pairs an implementation of this estimator with an array of practical variable selection tools and sensible defaults in order to improve the scalability of the algorithm. By building on existing R packages for lasso regression and leveraging compiled code in key internal functions, the hal9001 R package provides a family of highly adaptive lasso estimators suitable for use in both modern large-scale data analysis and cutting-edge research efforts at the intersection of statistics and machine learning, including the emerging subfield of computational causal inference (Wong, 2020).
Studies on the Bioactive Constituents of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (1996)

An ethanol extract of "Kijitsu" (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Citrus aurantium L.) collected in China was assessed for the antitumor activity using murine leukemia P388 in vivo, and the extract was found to be active by the antitumor bioassay in vivo and in vitro. The extract was separated into a petroleum ether-soluble fraction and an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction. Fractionation was carried out using an index of cell-growth inhibitory activity against mouse leukemia L1210 cells to isolate antitumor active substances or compounds. The active compounds were purified employing silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The antitumor effect of the isolated active compounds was studied. Five compounds, auraptene, marmin, tangeretin, nobiretin and 5-[(6',7'-dihydroxy-3',7'-dimethyl-2-octenyl)oxy]psoralen were isolated from Citrus aurantium L. Though they are all known compounds, 5-(6',7'-dihydroxy-3',7-dimethyl-2-octenyl)oxy-psoralen from this plants was first isolated. These compounds showed a cell-growth inhibitory effect against L1210 and K562 in vitro.
Speed Invariant Time Surface for Learning to Detect Corner Points With Event-Based Cameras (2019)

We propose a learning approach to corner detection for event-based cameras that is stable even under fast and abrupt motions. Event-based cameras offer high temporal resolution, power efficiency, and high dynamic range. However, the properties of event-based data are very different compared to standard intensity images, and simple extensions of corner detection methods designed for these images do not perform well on event-based data. We first introduce an efficient way to compute a time surface that is invariant to the speed of the objects. We then show that we can train a Random Forest to recognize events generated by a moving corner from our time surface. Random Forests are also extremely efficient, and therefore a good choice to deal with the high capture frequency of event-based cameras-our implementation processes up to 1.6Mev/s on a single CPU. Thanks to our time surface formulation and this learning approach, our method is significantly more robust to abrupt changes of direction of the corners compared to previous ones. Our method also naturally assigns a confidence score for the corners, which can be useful for postprocessing. Moreover, we introduce a high-resolution dataset suitable for quantitative evaluation and comparison of corner detection methods for event-based cameras. We call our approach SILC, for Speed Invariant Learned Corners, and compare it to the state-of-the-art with extensive experiments, showing better performance.