gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
697 Safety of Ustekinumab in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Integrated Safety Analysis of Results From Phase 2 and 3 Studies in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Ustekinumab (UST) is a well-established therapy in Crohn's disease (CD) and psoriatic diseases. UST was safe and effective in phase 3 ulcerative colitis (UC) studies. Pivotal studies of UST in CD (UNITI, IMUNITI) and UC (UNIFI) had similar designs, which allows for integrated analysis across both indications. We present an integrated safety analysis of UST in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Data from 6 phase 2/3 studies were pooled, and safety was evaluated through 1 year of follow-up. In phase 3, pts received a single IV placebo (PBO) or UST (130 mg or ∼6 mg/kg) induction dose followed by SC maintenance doses of PBO or UST (90 mg q8w or q12w). Concomitant immunomodulators (IMM) and corticosteroids were permitted. All pts who received ≥1 dose of UST were included. Safety outcomes through 1 year are presented as the number of pts with events per 100 patient-years (PY) of follow-up. RESULTS: At induction baseline (2370 pts in pooled phase 3 IBD studies), median age was 38.0 years, 46.9% were receiving corticosteroids, 30.8% were receiving IMM, 53.0% had failed biologics, and 37.1% were naïve to biologics. In phase 3 IBD studies, through Wk8 of PBO-controlled induction, the frequency of key safety events was similar between UST and PBO (Table 1). In addition, through 1 year across phase 2/3 IBD studies (Table 2), numbers of pts per 100 PY with key safety events were similar between treatment groups. The most frequently occurring AEs (excluding diseases under study) were arthralgia (PBO 16.93 vs UST 16.56), headache (16.43 vs 16.50), nausea (13.25 vs 11.94), and abdominal pain (14.59 vs 11.54); infections were nasopharyngitis (16.26 vs 18.11) and upper respiratory tract infection (11.40 vs 11.36). For serious infections, the CD-specific event of anal abscess occurred in PBO 2.02 and UST 0.90 pts per 100 PY. When CD-specific events were excluded, overall rates of serious infections were similar between UC and CD. The only malignancy (excluding NMSC) reported in &gt;1 UST-treated patient was prostate cancer; no lymphomas were reported through 1 year. Two pts receiving UST (0.12 per 100 PY; both had UC) died from events that investigators considered to be unrelated to study agent (esophageal varices hemorrhage and acute respiratory failure during thyroid surgery). CONCLUSION: The safety profile of UST in pts with UC and across integrated IBD indications through 1 year was favorable and consistent with the established safety profile in pts with CD and psoriatic disease.
Perfusion CT Assessment of Tissue Hemodynamics Following Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Increasing Doses of Angiotensin II in a Rabbit Liver Tumor Model (2011)

Perfusion CT enables a mechanistic understanding of angiotensin II infusion in the liver and derivation of the optimal effective dose. The 2.5 μg/mL angiotensin II dose increases perfusion in hepatic VX2 tumors versus that in adjacent and distant normal liver tissue primarily by constricting normal distal liver vessels and in turn increasing tumor BF and BV.
Introduction to the Special Section on the 2016 IEEE BCTM and IEEE CSICS (2017)

This Special Section of the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits presents the most interesting papers on integrated circuits from the 2016 IEEE Bipolar and BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting (BCTM) and the 2016 IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Symposium (CSICS) which cover the latest research on silicon-germanium and III-V integrated circuits and their use in state-of-the-art communication, radar, and imaging systems.
Tumour growth results in changes in placental amino acid transport in the rat: a tumour necrosis factor α-mediated effect (1996)

The implantation of a fast growing tumour (Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma) to late pregnant rats resulted in no changes in fetal growth, this possibly being associated with an important increase in the fetal uptake of maternal-derived amino acids [Carbó, López-Soriano and Argilés (1995) Endocrinology 136, 3579-3584]. The present investigation was undertaken to see whether the presence of the tumour induced changes in placental transport systems. For alanine transport, although no changes in affinity (Km) were observed, tumour growth resulted in a 192% increase in Vmax in the Na(+)-independent component. Kinetic analysis of the Na(+)-dependent component resulted in two clearly different components: while the low-affinity and high-capacity component was unaffected by tumour growth, the high-affinity, low-capacity component of the tumour-bearing rats showed an important increase in Vmax. (78%). With regard to leucine transport, tumour burden induced important increases in the Na(+)-independent component, not only in Km (262%) but also in Vmax. (189%). Since elevated tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) concentrations have been reported in this kind of tumour model, we performed the same type of transport experiments in rats chronically treated with TNF, the results obtained showing great similarities with those observed with tumour growth. The Vmax. of Na(+)-independent alanine transport was also increased by the cytokine (104%) while no changes were observed in affinity. TNF treatment also induced an increase in the Vmax. (67%) of the Na(+)-dependent (high-affinity, low-capacity) component while no changes in affinity were observed. Concerning leucine kinetics, TNF treatment, as in the case of tumour growth, also increased Km (155%) and Vmax. (72%) associated with Na(+)-independent transport. Interestingly, treatment with the cytokine increased both the Km (43%) and Vmax. (64%) of the Na(+)-dependent component. The inhibition patterns suggest the existence of more that one Na(+)-dependent transport for alanine although the majority of the amino acid is transported through the A system. The results presented suggest that, during gestation, the mother is able to adapt her placental amino acid transport systems to compensate for the nitrogen drainage associated with tumour growth and thus provide the fetus with enough amino acids to allow its normal growth, and that TNF could be responsible for the triggering of this compensatory mechanism.
Effect of DPF Properties on Maximum Temperature Rise following a DTI (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The particulate matter (PM) emitted by a diesel engine is collected and then combusted in a diesel particulate filter (DPF). A sudden decrease of the engine load of DPF undergoing regeneration, referred to as a drop to idle (DTI), may create a transient temperature peak much higher than under stationary feed conditions. This transient temperature rise may cause local melting or cracking of the filter. We report here the dependence of the maximum temperature following a DTI on the DPF properties and its dependence on the operating conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The simulated impact of changes in DPF properties on peak regeneration temperature following a DTI is qualitatively similar to their impact under stationary operation. (1) The maximum DTI temperature and temperature gradient can be decreased by preheating the DPF before igniting the PM. (2) A decrease of the inlet gas temperature and/or a two-step regeneration can decrease the maximum DTI regeneration temperature. (3) The peak DTI regeneration temperature decreases upon an increase of either the filter wall thickness or the solid volumetric heat capacity. (4) When the DPF heat transfer is under axial heat Peclet number (&lt;span class="xref"&gt;Eqn. (4)&lt;/span&gt;) control, the peak temperature decreases upon an increase of the solid conductivity and/or a decrease of the filter aspect ratio (L/D). (5) The peak DTI temperature is a nonlinear function of the cell density. (6) The dependence of the maximum temperature gradient on the maximum regeneration temperature is not always monotonic.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Sensors for chemical weapons detection (2002)

Many methods can sense and respond to chemical agent release. We evaluate current and near-term sensor options for detecting the most likely threats, currently sarin, cyanide, and pesticides. We also identify sensor technologies that may be capable of responding to additional chemical threats and biological agents and provide options for coping with new threats as they develop. We collate previous research results on background contaminants that have the potential of introducing unwanted false alarms in chemical agent detection systems and suggest techniques that may be capable of reducing the impact of releases of toxic materials.
A Pausible Bisynchronous FIFO for GALS Systems (2015)

Many of the challenges of modern SoC design can be mitigated or eliminated with globally asynchronous, locally synchronous (GALS) design techniques. Partitioning a design into many synchronous islands introduces myriad asynchronous boundary crossings which typically incur high latency. We have designed a pausible bisynchronous FIFO that achieves low interface latency with a pausible clocking scheme. While traditional synchronizers have a non-zero probability of metastability and error, pausible clocking enables error-free operation by permitting infrequent slowdowns in the clock rate. Unlike prior pausible synchronizers, our circuit employs standard two-ported synchronous FIFOs, common circuit elements that integrate well with standard tool flows. The pausible bisynchronous FIFO achieves an average latency of 1.34 cycles across an asynchronous interface while using less energy and area than traditional synchronizers.
A Stochastic Approach to Maximal Output Admissible Sets and Reference Governors (2018)

This paper presents a stochastic approach to Reference Governors (RG) and Maximal Output Admissible Sets (MAS) using chance constraints. In order to construct a stochastic robustly invariant MAS (SR-MAS), we extend the earlier ideas in the literature to Lyapunov stable systems with output constraints. Formal proofs for important properties such as positive invariance and finite determinism of SR-MAS are provided. It is shown that the SR-MAS is less conservative than the deterministic approach. An algorithm is provided to compute the SR-MAS in finite time. Finally, we present a stochastic RG formulation, which leverages the SR-MAS. The main results are illustrated with a numerical simulation of a mass-spring-damper model with constraints imposed over the control signal and output.
Improvement of Output Power of ECF Micromotor (2006)

Electro-conjugate fluid (ECF) is a kind of dielectric fluids, which produces jet-flow (ECF jet) when subjected to a high DC voltage. By using the ECF jet, a new type of micromotor with simple structure and lightweight can be realized. Up to now, we developed a disk-plate type ECF micromotor with inner diameter of 9 mm. In this study, we develope novel ECF micromotors with inner diameter of 5 mm in order to improve the output power density. First, we designed and produced the ECF micromotors with 4-layered and 8-layered disk plate rotors. Then, the performances of the motors are measured. The experimental results confirm the motor developed has a higher performance than the previous ones.
Carbon‐doped fused silica glass (2020)

Abstract Carbon‐doped fused silica glass is fabricated by consolidating zinc stearate‐doped porous silica soot blank. The carbon doping concentration is tunable and a maximum of ~0.3 wt% carbon can be incorporated into densified silica. Carbon dopants assemble into nanorod structures which are uniformly distributed inside glass. Transmission electron microscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy and Raman studies identify that carbon dopants are a mixture of nanosized silicon carbide and multiple layer graphene, which produce strong and flat optical absorption in a wide wavelength range of 400‐2500 nm. The electrical resistivity of silica glass is reduced by about 15 orders of magnitude with 0.28 wt% carbon doping.
LZTFL1 suppresses lung tumorigenesis by maintaining differentiation of lung epithelial cells (2015)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, and metastatic behavior is largely responsible for this mortality. Mutations in multiple 'driver' oncogenes and tumor suppressors are known to contribute to the lung tumorigenesis and in some cases represent therapeutic targets. Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor-like 1 (LZTFL1) is located in the chromosome region 3p21.3 where allelic loss and genetic alterations occur early and frequently in lung cancers. Previously, we found that LZTFL1 is downregulated in epithelial tumors, including lung cancer, and functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancers. However, the functional role of LZTFL1 in lung oncogenesis is undefined. We show here that downregulation of LZTFL1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with recurrence and poor survival, whereas re-expression of LZTFL1 in lung tumor cells inhibited extravasation/colonization of circulating tumor cells to the lung and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that LZTFL1 is expressed in ciliated human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and its expression correlates with HBEC differentiation. LZTFL1 inhibits transforming growth factor β-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and hedgehog signaling. Alteration of intracellular levels of LZTFL1 resulted in changes of expression of genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We conclude that LZTFL1 inhibits lung tumorigenesis, possibly by maintaining epithelial cell differentiation and/or inhibition of signalings that lead to EMT and suggest that reactivation of LZTFL1 expression in tumor cells may be a novel lung cancer therapeutic approach.
Photo-Polymerized Organic Host Network of Ionogels for Lithium Batteries: Effects of Mesh Size and of Ethylene Oxide Content (2018)

Ionogels represent a route to biphasic materials, for the use of ionic liquids (ILs) for all-solid devices. Confining ILs within host networks enhances their averaged dynamics, resulting in improved charge transport. Fragility, short relaxation times, low viscosity, and good ionic conductivity, all them appear to be related to the IL / host network interface. The presence of ILs at interface neighborhood leads to the breakdown of aggregated, structured regions that are systematically found in bulk ILs. This “destructuration”, 1 as well as segregative interactions at interface, 2 coupled with percolation of the bicontinuous solid/liquid interface, 3 make these materials very competitive among the existing solid electrolytes. Such approach could provide (i) a route to lower locally the viscosity of ILs, and (ii) an easier pathway for diffusion of charged species. Several types of ionogels demonstrate this effect, taking into account of fully inorganic, hybrid, polymeric or organic-inorganic host networks . This “all solid” approach can be applied to several electrochemical energy storage sources, including lithium batteries 2,4 and supercapacitors. 5 Herein we will emphasize the results of systematic studies of the effect of size of confinement, either within pores of solids or within meshes of polymers. 2,6 Besides the effect of the size of the confinement, the chemical nature of the host network is investigated. Several examples showed that the best properties were obtained on the basis of a good balance between features of host network and features of confined ionic liquid. References: [1] A. Guyomard-Lack et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16 (2014) 23639-23645. [2] A. Guyomard-Lack et al., New J. Chem., 40 (2016) 4269-4276. [3] C. V. Cerclier et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 17 (2015) 29707—29713 [4] D. Aidoud et al., J. Power Sources, 330 (2016) 92-103 [5] M. Brachet et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 4 (2016) 11835-11843. [6] D. Aidoud et al., submitted.
Hands on cooking (2003)

To make human computer interaction more transparent, different modes of communication need to be explored. We present eyeCOOK, a multimodal attentive cookbook to help a non-expert computer user cook a meal. The user communicates using eye-gaze and speech commands, and eyeCOOK responds visually and/or verbally, promoting communication through natural human input channels without physically encumbering the user. Our goal is to improve productivity and user satisfaction without creating additional requirements for user attention. We describe how the user interacts with the eyeCOOK prototype and the role of this system in an Attentive Kitchen.
An investigation into the economic impact of low-powered, digital radio in the telephone distribution plant (2003)

The author investigates the economic advantages of the application of multiplexing in local loops serving subscribers in a newly developed subdivision. The loop facility to accomplish this is a combination of digital multiplexed cable carrier systems from the central office to various radio ports strategically located in the serving area and low-powered, digital, multiple access radio links to connect the subscribers to the radio ports. To evaluate the cost advantages of multiplexing in every section of the local loop, the cost of a digital cable carrier/radio facility was compared to that of a conventional metallic-based facility with multiplexing only in the feeder portion of the loop. It is shown that the radio technology, with its ability to bring the cost advantages of multiplexing into the distribution plant, has the potential of being a viable alternative to a conventional metallic cable facility. The degree of attractiveness depends upon the system application (fixed or portable) and the system design (number of radio ports required).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF (NB(η5‐C5ME5)CL2)2 AND NB(η5‐C5ME5)(3‐HEXYNE)CL2 (1984)

Abstract Das quantitative Reaktionsprodukt (I) aus Nb‐pentachlorid und Dimethyl‐Zn reagiert mit Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl‐Li zu dem 115‐Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl‐Derivat (II).
Simulated comparisons of blind equalization algorithms for cold start‐up applications (1998)

The open literature is replete with claims about convergence benefits associated with second-order-statistics (SOS) blind channel estimation/equalization algorithms. At the same time, the literature is sparse in addressing robustness concerns of these algorithms. This paper is intended to motivate interest in the study of such robustness concerns by providing a simulation-based comparison between some popular SOS algorithms and CMA for various classes of channels of interest to both the practitioner and researcher. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Improved Submodule Capacitor Voltage Measuring Algorithm for MMC With Reduced Sensors (2021)

The nearest level modulation (NLM) based submodule capacitor voltage measuring technology for a modular multilevel converter (MMC) with reduced sensors can effectively reduce the costs of the data acquisition system of MMC and simplify the operation system. One of the technical challenges of this submodule capacitor voltage measuring technology is to reduce the measurement errors of submodule capacitor voltage. This paper proposes an improved submodule capacitor voltage measuring algorithm to overcome this challenge. In the proposed algorithm, by keeping the operation states of submodules unchanged during the continuous control period, the probability of obtaining the actual capacitor voltage is increased, and then the number of corrections of observed capacitor voltage is significantly increased. Thus, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the measuring errors. More significantly, the proposed algorithm can also improve the measurement accuracy even in the capacitance deviation situation. Finally, both simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed voltage measuring algorithm.
Latest insights and protein research outlooks BONE AND JOINT HEALTH (2014)

The Top Class Protein Nutrition is a new platform developed for food professionals, who need to get the latest insights on protein nutrition. Thought leaders from research institutes and industries will share their latest insights, know-how and research future outlooks. Mr Eric CHAPPUIS, Consulting Director, will be speaker at this event.
Photoalignment and Surface‐Relief‐Grating Formation are Efficiently Combined in Low‐Molecular‐Weight Halogen‐Bonded Complexes (2012)

It is demonstrated that halogen bonding can be used to construct low-molecular-weight supramolecular complexes with unique light-responsive properties. In particular, halogen bonding drives the formation of a photoresponsive liquid-crystalline complex between a non-mesogenic halogen bond-donor molecule incorporating an azo group, and a non-mesogenic alkoxystilbazole moiety, acting as a halogen bond-acceptor. Upon irradiation with polarized light, the complex exhibits a high degree of photoinduced anisotropy (order parameter of molecular alignment > 0.5). Moreover, efficient photoinduced surface-relief-grating (SRG) formation occurs upon irradiation with a light interference pattern, with a surface-modulation depth 2.4 times the initial film thickness. This is the first report on a halogen-bonded photoresponsive low-molecular-weight complex, which furthermore combines a high degree of photoalignment and extremely efficient SRG formation in a unique way. This study highlights the potential of halogen bonding as a new tool for the rational design of high-performance photoresponsive suprastructures.
Dissecting the respective roles of microbiota and host genetics in the susceptibility of Card9 -/- mice to colitis (2023)

Abstract Background The etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is unclear but involves both genetics and environmental factors, including the gut microbiota. Indeed, exacerbated activation of the gastrointestinal immune system toward the gut microbiota occurs in genetically susceptible hosts and under the influence of the environment. For instance, a majority of IBD susceptibility loci lie within genes involved in immune responses, such as caspase recruitment domain member 9 ( Card9 ). However, the relative impacts of genotype versus microbiota on colitis susceptibility in the context of CARD9 deficiency remain unknown. Results Card9 gene directly contributes to recovery from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis by inducing the colonic expression of the cytokine IL-22 and the antimicrobial peptides Reg3β and Reg3γ independently of the microbiota. On the other hand, Card9 is required for regulating the microbiota capacity to produce AhR ligands, which leads to the production of IL-22 in the colon, promoting recovery after colitis. In addition, cross-fostering experiments showed that five weeks after weaning, the microbiota transmitted from the nursing mother before weaning had a stronger impact on the tryptophan metabolism of the pups than the pups’ own genotype. Conclusions These results show the role of CARD9 and its effector IL-22 in mediating recovery from DSS-induced colitis in both microbiota-independent and microbiota-dependent manners. Card9 genotype modulates the microbiota metabolic capacity to produce AhR ligands, but this effect can be overridden by the implantation of a WT or “healthy” microbiota before weaning. It highlights the importance of the weaning reaction occurring between the immune system and microbiota for host metabolism and immune functions throughout life. A better understanding of the impact of genetics on microbiota metabolism is key to developing efficient therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from complex inflammatory disorders.