gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isoallopregnanolone reduces tic‐like behaviours in the D1CT‐7 mouse model of Tourette syndrome (2019)

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by multiple, persistent tics. These semi-voluntary motor and phonic manifestations are typically aggravated by exposure to acute stress, yet the mechanisms underlying this exacerbation remain unclear. Using a well-characterised animal model of TS, the D1CT-7 mouse, we recently showed that acute stress increases tic-like responses and causes sensorimotor gating deficits, as measured by the prepulse inhibition of the startle. We showed that these effects are promoted by the brain synthesis of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP). In line with this idea, inhibition of AP synthesis by finasteride was found to suppress the tic-exacerbating effects of stress; conversely, AP administration resulted in a marked enhancement of the number of tic-like motor bursts. Given that the primary mechanism of AP is based on the positive allosteric modulation of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors, in the present study, we hypothesised that the enhancement in tic-like behaviours induced by either stress or AP may be countered by isoallopregnanolone (isoAP), the natural 3β-epimer of AP that acts as an antagonist to the AP-binding site within GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. In agreement with our hypothesis, isoAP (5-10 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> , s.c.) dose-dependently reduced the number of tic-like behaviours induced by stress in D1CT-7 mice. These effects were comparable to those elicited by both the benchmark TS therapy haloperidol (0.3 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> , i.p.), as well as finasteride (25 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> , i.p.). IsoAP also countered the prepulse inhibition deficits secondary to stress in D1CT-7 mice. Finally, isoAP opposed the enhancement of tic-like behaviours induced by AP (15 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> , i.p.). Given that isoAP is well-tolerated and has an optimal safety profile, these data suggest that this steroid may have therapeutic properties in TS.
BMI-1 Targeting Interferes with Patient-Derived Tumor-Initiating Cell Survival and Tumor Growth in Prostate Cancer (2016)

Our data offer a paradigm for targeting TICs and support the development of BMI-1-targeting therapy for a more effective prostate cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6176-91. ©2016 AACR.
Deep learning for biological age estimation (2020)

Modern machine learning techniques (such as deep learning) offer immense opportunities in the field of human biological aging research. Aging is a complex process, experienced by all living organisms. While traditional machine learning and data mining approaches are still popular in aging research, they typically need feature engineering or feature extraction for robust performance. Explicit feature engineering represents a major challenge, as it requires significant domain knowledge. The latest advances in deep learning provide a paradigm shift in eliciting meaningful knowledge from complex data without performing explicit feature engineering. In this article, we review the recent literature on applying deep learning in biological age estimation. We consider the current data modalities that have been used to study aging and the deep learning architectures that have been applied. We identify four broad classes of measures to quantify the performance of algorithms for biological age estimation and based on these evaluate the current approaches. The paper concludes with a brief discussion on possible future directions in biological aging research using deep learning. This study has significant potentials for improving our understanding of the health status of individuals, for instance, based on their physical activities, blood samples and body shapes. Thus, the results of the study could have implications in different health care settings, from palliative care to public health.
Strength and Chemical Stability Due to Aging of Two Bone Void Filler Materials (2007)

Injectable resorbable bone cements for bone void fillings are gaining in interest. The materials resorb in vivo with loss of void filling capacity and strength as a consequence. The objective with this study is to qualitative determining the dissolution behaviour for a calcium sulphate and a calcium phosphate cement as function of storage time in different storage medium and correlate to their strength development. Experiments were performed on a calcium phosphate based cement, Norian SRS, and a calcium sulphate based cement, MIIG X3. In the resorbtion study, the materials dissolution at different pH (3, 5 and 7) was compared over a period of 11 weeks. The materials compressive and biaxial flexural strength was measured after aging in phosphate buffer saline for up to 12 weeks. The proposed qualitative method to study dissolution behaviour of injectable biomaterials as function of time and medium were evaluated and proved to be useful. Both materials were dissolved after 3 weeks of storage in pH 3. MIIG X3 dissolved faster than Norian SRS at pH 5. At pH 7 both materials were stable over the test period of 11 weeks. For both materials the strength decreases with storage time. Norian had a higher compressive strength than MIIG X3 for the first week, after the first week the compressive strength was similar for the two materials. MIIG X3 showed a higher flexural strength than Norian during the full test period.
Phase diagram of the Z(5) model on a square lattice (1980)

A general five-state model, which contains the five-state Potts model and a solid-on-solid model as special cases, is studied. The authors find that the high-temperature paramagnetic and the low-temperature ordered phases are separated either by a line of first-order transitions or by an intermediate phase with algebraic decay of correlations. The phase diagram is proposed on the basis of general considerations and Monte-Carlo simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Route to Aryl Amines: Nucleophilic Substitution of Aryl Triflates. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical tomography by means of a numerical low-coherence holographic technique (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. Cuche, P. Poscio, and C. Depeursinge, "Optical tomography by means of a numerical low-coherence holographic technique," in Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration, J. Fujimoto and M. Patterson, eds., Vol. 21 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1998), paper ATuD29. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
TBAF-Promoted Dehydrobrominations of Vicinal Dibromides Having an Adjacent O-Functional Group (2010)

Regioselective HBr elimination of vicinal dibromides having an adjacent oxygen functional group to give the corresponding 2-bromoalk-1-enes was controlled using 1.1 equivalents of TBAF. Two-step elimination to give the corresponding alkynes was controlled using 5.0 equivalents of TBAF. High yield and high selectivity require the presence of an oxygen functional group at the neighboring position of the elimination site.
Detection by multiple trellises (2009)

In this paper, we present a novel pragmatic approach, referred to as detection by multiple trellises, to perform trellis-based detection over realistic channels. More precisely, we consider channels with unknown parameters and apply the concept of detection by multiple trellises to forward-backward (FB) algorithms. The key idea of our approach consists, first, of properly quantizing the channel parameters and, then, considering replication of coherent FB algorithms operating on parallel trellises, one per hypothetical quantized value. In order to make the receiver robust against a possibly time-varying channel parameters, the proposed soft-output algorithms perform a proper "manipulation" of the forward and backward metrics computed by the parallel FB algorithms at regularly spaced trellis steps. We consider two significant examples of application: detection over (i) phase-uncertain channels and (ii) fading channels. The performance of the proposed algorithms is investigated considering differentially encoded (DE) quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) and iterative detection schemes based on low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Besides having a low complexity, the proposed soft-output algorithms turn out to be robust, flexible, blind, in the sense that no knowledge of the channel parameter statistics is required, and highly parallelizable, as it is desirable in high-throughput future wireless communication systems.
5G wireless access: requirements and realization (2014)

5G, the mobile communication technology for beyond 2020, will provide access to information and the sharing of data anywhere and anytime for anyone and anything. This paper describes the current status of the processes moving toward 5G, or "IMT for 2020 and beyond," in ITU-R. We also provide a view of 5G opportunities, challenges, requirements and technical solutions.
Phase Behavior of Ternary Polymer Brushes (2016)

Ternary polymer brushes consisting of polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(4-vinylpyridine) have been synthesized. These brushes laterally phase separate into several distinct phases and can be tailored by altering the relative polymer composition. Self-consistent field theory has been used to predict the phase diagram and model both the horizontal and vertical phase behavior of the polymer brushes. All phase behaviors observed experimentally correlate well with the theoretical model.
Adaptive MapReduce using situation-aware mappers (2012)

We propose new adaptive runtime techniques for MapReduce that improve performance and simplify job tuning. We implement these techniques by breaking a key assumption of MapReduce that mappers run in isolation. Instead, our mappers communicate through a distributed meta-data store and are aware of the global state of the job. However, we still preserve the fault-tolerance, scalability, and programming API of MapReduce. We utilize these "situation-aware mappers" to develop a set of techniques that make MapReduce more dynamic: (a) Adaptive Mappers dynamically take multiple data partitions (splits) to amortize mapper start-up costs; (b) Adaptive Combiners improve local aggregation by maintaining a cache of partial aggregates for the frequent keys; (c) Adaptive Sampling and Partitioning sample the mapper outputs and use the obtained statistics to produce balanced partitions for the reducers. Our experimental evaluation shows that adaptive techniques provide up to 3x performance improvement, in some cases, and dramatically improve performance stability across the board.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 1‐Arylpyrazoles by Reacting Diethyl ( Ethylthiomethyl)phosphonate Carbanion with Arylhydrazones. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Minimization of the DC current ripple of a three-phase buck-boost PWM unity power factor rectifier (2003)

The modulation of a novel three-phase three-switch buck-type unity power factor rectifier with integrated DC/DC boost converter output stage is optimized concerning the ripple amplitude of the buck-boost inductor current. This is achieved by coordination of the switching operation of the buck input stage and of the boost output stage. A comparative evaluation of different modulation schemes does identify a modulation scheme which simultaneously does provide minimum DC current ripple and minimum input filter capacitor voltage ripple at minimum switching losses and/or maximum pulse frequency. All theoretical considerations are for operation in a wide input voltage range and are verified by simulations and by measurements on a DSP-controlled 5 k W prototype of the system.
SiC microwave power technologies (2002)

Two SiC transistors that are investigated for microwave power applications are the 4H-SiC static induction transistor (SIT) and the 4H-SiC metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET). Ultrahigh frequency 4H-SiC SITs have demonstrated record-breaking pulsed power per package (900 W) with excellent associated power-added efficiency (PAE) of 78%. S band 4H-SiC MESFETs have shown a record power-density of 5.6 W/mm and 36% PAE, as well as 80 W continuous-wave (CW) power (1.6 W/mm), with an associated PAE of 38%. X-band MESFET power density of 4.3 W/mm was obtained for exploratory CW devices. These performance gains are afforded by the advantageous material properties of silicon carbide. SiC SIT technology offers many military system advantages including lower cost, lower weight, higher power and high temperature of operation and higher efficiency transmitters with minimal cooling requirements. SiC RF MESFET's and circuits are candidates for use in efficient linear transmitters for commercial and military communications.
Abstract 832: The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) Antagonizes Oxidized LDL Receptor, LOX-1, Activation (2007)

The nuclear hormone receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a critical role in the regulation of enterohepatic circulation and lipid homeostasis and may also positively impact vascular inflammation and endothelial function through the antagonism of oxidized LDL receptor, LOX-1, activation. LOX-1 is a endothelial membrane bound scavenger receptor that upon ligand binding stimulates NF-κB and MAPK pathways leading to adhesion molecule and inflammatory gene expression with subsequent nitric oxide inhibition. Since LOX-1 is activated by oxLDL, LOX-1 expression was monitored in LDLR −/− mice fed a western diet. Hepatic LOX-1 mRNA was significantly induced by 7 days on the western diet compared to chow fed controls. Moreover, this LOX-1 induction was dose dependently inhibited with increasing concentrations of a potent synthetic FXR ligand WAY-362450 (FXR-450; 1–30 mg/kg po) as were downstream LOX-1 dependent genes, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. The regulation of LOX-1 was FXR-specific since another oxLDL hepatic scavenger receptor, CD36, expression was not affected by FXR-450. To determine whether this signaling pathway was active in other settings, the FXR mediated regulation of LOX-1 was studied in the diabetic mouse strain, KKAy. Both hepatic and renal LOX-1 expression was inhibited by 30 mg/kg FXR-450 after 7 days of dosing on a chow diet and resulted in the reduction of serum soluble LOX-1 levels as well. Renal gene profiling studies indicated that FXR-450 stimulated genes involved in nitric oxide production, including DDAH-1, ASS-1 and GTPCH that were all confirmed to be induced in the KKAy mouse model. Since the nitric oxide synthase antagonist ADMA stimulates LOX-1 expression, we postulated that the positive impact of FXR-450 was due to the decrease in local ADMA concentrations via DDAH-1, ASS-1 and GTPCH inductions. In support of this, ADMA mediated induction of LOX-1 was also inhibited by FXR-450 treatment. Therefore, these results identify a novel cross-talk between FXR and LOX-1 signaling pathways through their co-ordinate modulation of the nitric oxide pathway and suggest that FXR agonists may have a beneficial impact on vascular inflammation and endothelial function.
NanoStar University Network: Hands-on higher Aerospace Education through Nanosatellite Student Challenges (2018)

International audience
Qualitative modeling of the organizational acceptance of advanced manufacturing technologies (1995)

Abstract The need to effectively manage technology has been around since the early days of American industrialization. Pioneers of American manufacturing such as DuPont and Ford all faced competitive pressures to develop and apply emerging technologies. In the past decade, the rash of failures involving the implementation of advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) suggests technology implementation requires a better understanding of the human issues involved. Fundamental to the implementation of AMT is the existence of technology champions. Some researchers have suggested that technology champions can be cultivated through the identification and engagement of informal leaders. The following study proposes a methodology for simulating group interaction based on communication diffusion theory. This methodology is used to identify and engage informal opinion leaders for the purposes of improving CIM implementations. @ 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Reliability of magnetic tunnel junctions with a spinel MgAl 2 O 4 film (2016)

We investigated the stress‐induced resistance drift and breakdown characteristics in MgAl 2 O 4 (MAO)‐based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with the MAO thickness of ∼0.9 nm. The occurrence of trap sites around the tunnel barrier–electrode interfaces was characterised via interval voltage stress (IVS) and constant voltage stress (CVS) experiments, in which the occurrence of trap sites affects the resistance drift in IVS and time‐dependent dielectric breakdown in CVS. The observed resistance drift ratios were almost the same for positive and negative applied voltages, indicating that the difference in the interface structure was negligibly small between the top and bottom MAO/CoFe interfaces in the MAO‐based MTJs. More interestingly, the resistance drift ratios were very low compared with the results of a previous study on MgO‐based MTJs. MAO‐based MTJs is likely to be an effective alternative that can be used to improve MTJ device reliability.
What details are needed for wireless simulations? - A study of a site-specific indoor wireless model (2012)

The wireless networking community continuously questions the accuracy and validity of simulation-based performance evaluations. The main reason is the lack of widely-accepted models that represent the real wireless characteristics, especially at the physical (PHY) layer. Hence, the trend in wireless networking is to rely more and more on testbeds, which on one hand bring more realism to network and protocol evaluation, but on the other hand present a high implementation barrier before an idea is ready to be tested. Therefore, realistic network simulators are still very much needed to reduce the time and effort for “concept testing” of novel ideas. In this case, the main question is how detailed should wireless simulators be to evaluate network and protocol performance. In this paper, we attempt a first answer to this question by using the Berlin Open Wireless Lab (BOWL) indoor model (BIM) in the ns-3 simulator. BIM includes several measurement-based models to characterize wireless communication such as frame detection ratio (FDR), frame error ratio (FER), capture and interference models. Through extensive measurements, we analyze the accuracy that we obtain with these PHY-layer models. Our experiments also show whether the detailed models at the PHY layer play an important role to represent transport layer performance in simulations.
The down-to-earth future of Si substrate multi-junction concentrator photovoltaics (2011)

The high costs of multi-junction (MJ) cells are a barrier to transferring MJ technology from space to terrestrial Concentrator Photovoltaic (CPV) markets. This may be addressed with significant impact by transitioning from Ge to Si substrates. By exploiting reduced material costs, new manufacturing practices including automation and revised quality standards, and by leveraging manufacturing efficiencies inherent to larger wafer sizes, up to 200 mm, the selection of Si as the substrate material allows for reductions potentially as large as 70% of current values. It is possible to demonstrate how plausible reductions to system costs (22 - 40%), in combination with very conservative cell cost reductions, make achieving competitive Cost of Electricity (COE) values in the order of $0.10/kWh a likely scenario in the near future for MJ CPV. Impending increases to conversion efficiencies (up to 50%), exploited conjointly with stated cost reduction factors (particularly system cost reduction), promise to drive COE values lower still, potentially under $0.08/kWh.
Gold Nanoparticle Promoted Formation and Biological Properties of Injectable Hydrogels (2020)

Acceleration of gelation in the biological environment and improvement of overall biological properties of a hydrogel is of enormous importance. Biopolymer stabilized gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit cytocompatibility and therapeutic activity. Hence, in situ gelation and subsequent improvement in the property of a hydrogel by employing Au NPs is an attractive approach. We report that stable Au NPs accelerate the conventional nucleophilic substitution reaction of activated halide-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) and tertiary amine functional macromolecules, leading to the rapid formation of injectable nanocomposite hydrogels in vivo and ex vivo with improved modulus, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and cytocompatibility than that of a pristine hydrogel. NP surfaces with low chain grafting density and good colloidal stability are crucial requirements for the use of these NPs in the hydrogel formation. Influence of the structure of the amine functional prepolymer, the spacer connecting the halide leaving groups of the substrate, and the structure of the stabilizer on the rate promoting activity of the NPs have been evaluated with model low-molecular-weight substrates and macromolecules by <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy, rheological experiments, and density functional theory. Results indicate a significant effect of the spacer connecting the halide leaving group with the macromolecule. The Au nanocomposite hydrogels show sustained co-release of methotrexate, an anti-rheumatic drug, and the Au NPs. This work provides insights for designing an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel system with multifunctional property. The strategy of the use of cytocompatible Au NPs as a promoter provides new opportunity to obtain an injectable hydrogel system for biological applications.
Intramolecular 2 + 2 photocycloadditions of 4-(3'-alkenyl)- and 4-(3'-pentynyl)-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ones (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular 2 + 2 photocycloadditions of 4-(3'-alkenyl)- and 4-(3'-pentynyl)-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-onesArthur G. Schultz, Mark. Plummer, Arthur G. Taveras, and Rudolph K. KullnigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 16, 5547–5555Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00224a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00224a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views507Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts