gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization and quantification of mitral valve prolapse using three-dimensional echocardiography (2004)

In patients with severe mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse, 3D echo allowed a precise localization and an accurate quantification of the prolapsing portion of the leaflets. This technique can provide refinements in the surgical planning of mitral valve repair and in the selection of candidates for this intervention.
The multiple lag process and its estimation (2002)

We derive estimators for the multiple lag process, a generalization of the lag process, via spectral representations of stationary processes by complex random spectral measures. We present estimators of transfer functions for the multiple lag model with a given vector of lags and derive a multiple-lag (quadratic) coherence which can be maximized to choose the best vector of lags in the minimum mean squared error sense from a given set of lag vectors. We also demonstrate the estimation scheme by a simulation example and point out possible applications for the multiple-lag model in speech processing.
Augmented RFID tags: capabilities of RFID chips for energy harvesting at different frequencies (2015)

International audience
An on-chip dual supply charge pump system for 45nm PD SOI eDRAM (2008)

We present an on-chip word line (WL) dual supply system for server class embedded DRAM (eDRAM) applications. The design consists of switched capacitor charge pumps, voltage regulators, reference and clock circuits. Charge pump engines feature efficient charge transfer and energy conversion, boosting unregulated rails to 1.8x supply. At vdd=1 V, regulated high (1.5 to 1.7 V) and low (-0.3 to -0.6 V) levels ensure WL overdrive and cell turn-off, respectively, with rippling <plusmn35 mV and maintenance power <780 muW/2Mb-DRAM. The system supports >2 GHz AC array access and can endure excessive DC load.
Data from Motexafin Gadolinium Disrupts Zinc Metabolism in Human Cancer Cell Lines (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action of the metal cation–containing chemotherapeutic drug motexafin gadolinium (MGd), gene expression profiling analyses were conducted on plateau phase human lung cancer (A549) cell cultures treated with MGd. Drug treatment elicited a highly specific response that manifested in elevated levels of metallothionein isoform and zinc transporter 1 (&lt;i&gt;ZnT1&lt;/i&gt;) transcripts. A549 cultures incubated with MGd in the presence of exogenous zinc acetate displayed synergistic increases in the levels of intracellular free zinc, metallothionein transcripts, inhibition of thioredoxin reductase activity, and cell death. Similar effects were observed in PC3 prostate cancer and Ramos B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Intracellular free zinc levels increased in response to treatment with MGd in the absence of exogenous zinc, indicating that MGd can mobilize bound intracellular zinc. These findings lead us to suggest that an important component of the anticancer activity of MGd is related to its ability to disrupt zinc metabolism and alter cellular availability of zinc. This class of compounds may provide insight into the development of novel cancer drugs targeting control of intracellular free zinc and the roles that zinc and other metal cations play in biochemical pathways relevant to cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Photonic Electrochemistry (2018)

Photonic electrochemistry, taken in its most general sense, involves the intimate interaction of light with electrochemical processes. Thus, processes in which illumination of the electrode–electrolyte interface produces charge-transfer events as well as electrochemical reactions that produce light as a product (electro-chemiluminescence, ECL) fall in this category. A third related area is the electroanalytical detection of transient species formed by a photochemical process which takes place in solution. Techniques such as spectroelectrochemistry are excluded from consideration, since they utilize photons as a nonperturbing probe of purely electrochemical processes.
Pentanol isomer synthesis in engineered microorganisms (2009)

Pentanol isomers such as 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol are a useful class of chemicals with a potential application as biofuels. They are found as natural by-products of microbial fermentations from amino acid substrates. However, the production titer and yield of the natural processes are too low to be considered for practical applications. Through metabolic engineering, microbial strains for the production of these isomers have been developed, as well as that for 1-pentanol and pentenol. Although the current production levels are still too low for immediate industrial applications, the approach holds significant promise for major breakthroughs in production efficiency.
The Woodchuck Model of Hepatitis B Virus Infection (2001)

The woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) was the first of the mammalian and avian hepadnaviruses described after discovery of the virus of hepatitis B (HBV). Woodchucks chronically infected with WHV develop progressively severe hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which present as lesions that are remarkably similar to those associated with HBV infection in humans. The initial virological studies and studies of pathogenesis utilized woodchucks that had been trapped in the wild and had acquired WHV infection naturally. Research with wild woodchucks was complicated by lack of knowledge of their backgrounds (e.g., dietary history, exposure to parasites or environmental toxins, and source and duration of WHV infection). Breeding colonies of woodchucks have been established and maintained in laboratory animal facilities, and laboratory-reared woodchucks are superior for experimental studies of pathogenesis or hepatocarcinogenesis. It is possible to infect neonatal woodchucks born in the laboratory with standardized inocula and produce a high rate of chronic WHV carriers that are useful for controlled investigations. WHV has been shown experimentally to cause hepatocellular carcinoma, supporting conclusions based on epidemiological and molecular virological studies that HBV is an important etiological factor in human hepatocarcinogenesis. Chronic WHV carrier woodchucks have become a valuable animal model for the preclinical evaluation of antiviral therapy for HBV infection, providing useful pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results in a relevant animal disease model. It also has been shown that the pattern of toxicity and hepatic injury observed in woodchucks treated with certain fluorinated pyrimidines is remarkably similar to that observed in humans that were treated with the same drugs, suggesting the woodchuck has significant potential for the preclincial assessment of antiviral drug toxicity.
Differential sensitivity of human leukocyte subpopulations to ultraviolet light. (1989)

Ultraviolet (UV) light, in addition to its effect on DNA, can cause cell-membrane alterations and modification of cell surface antigens, and interfere with interactions of different cell populations, antigen presentation, and cytokine release. The mechanisms are still poorly understood. However, current data indicate that UV irradiation profoundly affects donor/host interactions in transplantation models by altering the immunogenicity of donor tissue and the immune response of the recipient. In the present study we used intracellular Ca{sup 2+} (Ca{sup 2+}i) mobilization as a parameter of how various cell populations responded to UV light. These data show that UV treatment profoundly affects leukocytes. There is a preferential inhibition of lymphocytes compared to hemopoietic precursor cells and of CD{sup 8+} compared to CD{sup 8{minus}} negative T-cells.
Physical Layer Security in Multibeam Satellite Systems (2011)

Security threats introduced due to the vulnerability of the transmission medium may hinder the proliferation of Ka band multibeam satellite systems for civil and military data applications. This paper sets the analytical framework and then studies physical layer security techniques for fixed legitimate receivers dispersed throughout multiple beams, each possibly surrounded by multiple (passive) eavesdroppers. The design objective is to minimize via transmit beamforming the costly total transmit power on board the satellite, while satisfying individual intended users' secrecy rate constraints. Assuming state-of-the-art satellite channel models, when perfect channel state information (CSI) about the eavesdroppers is available at the satellite, a partial zero-forcing approach is proposed for obtaining a low-complexity sub-optimal solution. For the optimal solution, an iterative algorithm combining semi-definite programming relaxation and the gradient-based method is devised by studying the convexity of the problem. Furthermore, the use of artificial noise as an additional degree-of-freedom for protection against eavesdroppers is explored. When only partial CSI about the eavesdroppers is available, we study the problem of minimizing the eavesdroppers' received signal to interference-plus-noise ratios. Simulation results demonstrate substantial performance improvements over existing approaches.
Stack transition artifact removal (STAR) for cardiac CT (2019)

STAR considerably improved image quality while computing realistic DVFs. Discontinuities, for example, appearing as breaks or cuts in coronary arteries or cardiac valves, were removed or considerably reduced. A constant smoothing parameter that ensured satisfactory results for all datasets was found. The automatic parameter selection was able to find a proper setting for each individual dataset. Consequently, no over regularization of the DVF occurred that would unnecessarily limit the registration accuracy for cases with small deformations. The automatic parameter selection yielded the best overall results and provided a registration method for cardiac data that does not require user input.
CRITICALITIES AND USEFULNESS OF EX-VIVO SMALL INTESTINE PERFUSION: TRANSPLANT AND BEYOND (2023)

Intestinal transplantation remains a challenging surgery that is performed in very select cases due to the organ’s specific characteristics: high sensibility to ischemia, increased risk of rejection, and longer length of hospital stay in comparison to other solid organ transplants. With deteriorating donor organ quality and safety, and increasing indications for intestinal transplantation, innovative and safe alternatives to increase the donor pool should be evaluated. In this review, we present a summary of organ machine perfusion history, trends, recent findings, challenges and the potential benefits and applications for intestinal transplantation. We performed a literature review of organ machine perfusion studies published in the last decade (2012-2022) for intestine, lungs, heart, liver, kidneys and pancreas and collected data from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database aiming to show the trends of intestinal transplantation in the US and highlight the benefits of different perfusion techniques.
Prediction of Imagined Single-Joint Movements in a Person With High-Level Tetraplegia (2012)

Cortical neuroprostheses for movement restoration require developing models for relating neural activity to desired movement. Previous studies have focused on correlating single-unit activities (SUA) in primary motor cortex to volitional arm movements in able-bodied primates. The extent of the cortical information relevant to arm movements remaining in severely paralyzed individuals is largely unknown. We record intracortical signals using a microelectrode array chronically implanted in the precentral gyrus of a person with tetraplegia, and estimate positions of imagined single-joint arm movements. Using visually guided motor imagery, the participant imagined performing eight distinct single-joint arm movements, while SUA, multispike trains (MSP), multiunit activity, and local field potential time (LFPrms), and frequency signals (LFPstft) were recorded. Using linear system identification, imagined joint trajectories were estimated with 20-60% variance explained, with wrist flexion/extension predicted the best and pronation/supination the poorest. Statistically, decoding of MSP and LFPstft yielded estimates that equaled those of SUA. Including multiple signal types in a decoder increased prediction accuracy in all cases. We conclude that signals recorded from a single restricted region of the precentral gyrus in this person with tetraplegia contained useful information regarding the intended movements of upper extremity joints.
Dynamic flow alterations dictate leukocyte adhesion and response to endovascular interventions (2004)

Although arterial bifurcations are frequent sites for obstructive atherosclerotic lesions, the optimal approach to these lesions remains unresolved. Benchtop models of arterial bifurcations were analyzed for flow disturbances known to correlate with vascular disease. These models possess an adaptable geometry capable of simulating the course of arterial disease and the effects of arterial interventions. Chronic in vivo studies evaluated the effect of flow disturbances on the pattern of neointimal hyperplasia. Acute in vivo studies helped propose a mechanism that bridges the early mechanical stimulus and the late tissue effect. Side-branch (SB) dilation adversely affected flow patterns in the main branch (MB) and, as a result, the long-term MB patency of stents implanted in pig arteries. Critical to this effect is chronic MB remodeling that seems to compensate for an occluded SB. Acute leukocyte recruitment was directly influenced by the changes in flow patterns, suggesting a link between flow disturbance on the one hand and leukocyte recruitment and intimal hyperplasia on the other. It is often impossible to simultaneously maximize the total cross-sectional area of both branches and to minimize flow disturbance in the MB. The apparent trade-off between these two clinically desirable goals may explain many of the common failure modes of bifurcation stenting.
Acupuncture for neurogenesis in experimental ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)

Acupuncture has been used for patients with stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation for thousands of years. Previous studies reported that acupuncture enhanced stroke recovery through neurogenesis. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for preclinical studies to assess the current evidence for acupuncture effect on neurogenesis in treating ischaemic stroke. Studies were obtained from six databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP information database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Ultimately, 34 studies containing 1617 animals were identified. Neurogenesis markers of Brdu, Nestin, PSA-NCAM, NeuN and GFAP were selected as major outcomes. The pooled results of 15 studies marked with Brdu showed significant effects of acupuncture for improving proliferation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 13 studies marked with Nestin showed significant effects of acupuncture for increasing proliferation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 4 studies marked with PSA-NCAM showed significant effects of acupuncture for enhancing migration when compared with control groups (P < 0.01); 4 studies marked with NeuN showed significant effects of acupuncture for stimulating differentiation when compared with control groups (P < 0.01). The findings suggest that acupuncture is a prospective therapy targeting neurogenesis for ischemic stroke.
Silicon-on-insulator-based complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated optoelectronic platform for biomedical applications (2016)

Microscale optical devices enabled by wireless power harvesting and telemetry facilitate manipulation and testing of localized biological environments (e.g., neural recording and stimulation, targeted delivery to cancer cells). Design of integrated microsystems utilizing optical power harvesting and telemetry will enable complex in vivo applications like actuating a single nerve, without the difficult requirement of extreme optical focusing or use of nanoparticles. Silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based platforms provide a very powerful architecture for such miniaturized platforms as these can be used to fabricate both optoelectronic and microelectronic devices on the same substrate. Near-infrared biomedical optics can be effectively utilized for optical power harvesting to generate optimal results compared with other methods (e.g., RF and acoustic) at submillimeter size scales intended for such designs. We present design and integration techniques of optical power harvesting structures with complementary metal oxide semiconductor platforms using SOI technologies along with monolithically integrated electronics. Such platforms can become the basis of optoelectronic biomedical systems including implants and lab-on-chip systems.
eFalcon &#x2014; A scalable prototyping platform for next generation communication systems (2010)

The recent years showed an increasing demand for higher data rates in communication systems in general. To keep up with the reduced time-to-market in this area, an elaborate prototyping concept is inevitable. The authors propose a prototyping platform which combines the advantages of the flexibility of a digital signal processor with the efficient parallelization capabilities of a field-programmable gate array. The primary purpose of this platform is to allow a real-time capable implementation of current as well as next generation communication standards. The focus has been put on the integration of the full communication chain from the antenna to the decoded bit stream. Since the ever increasing computational complexity complicates the dimensioning of such platforms, scalability was a crucial design constraint for the presented concept. Interconnecting multiple platforms can be used to establish even complex multi-antenna systems.
Control of the composition and morphology of vanadium phosphate catalyst precursors from alcohol treatment of VOPO4·2H2O (1994)

I. J. Ellison, G. J. Hutchings, M. T. Sananes and J. Volta, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1994, 1093 DOI: 10.1039/C39940001093
Morphology control and material mixing by high-temperature organic vapor-phase deposition and its application to thin-film solar cells (2005)

Organic vapor-phase deposition is used to grow photovoltaic cells consisting of molecular compounds that require high-evaporation temperatures. The organic crystal size and film morphology are controlled by adjusting the source evaporation temperature, substrate temperature, carrier gas flow rate, and chamber pressure. The resulting surface morphology produces a highly folded donor–acceptor interface with a fourfold increase in area compared with a planar heterojunction, leading to an increased exciton diffusion efficiency, and hence an 80% increase in photovoltaic cell power conversion efficiency. Mixed organic layers with controlled constituent ratios and layer thicknesses are grown by the simultaneous codeposition of multiple source materials. Photovoltaic cells comprised of a copper phthalocyanine:C60 mixed layer show comparable performance to analogous vacuum-deposited cells.
Lack of Surgeon Standardization on Implant Selection in Ankle Fracture Fixation May Increase Costs and Decrease Contribution Margin (2021)

Level IV.
An Acid−Base Switchable [2]Rotaxane (2002)

A chemically addressable, bistable [2]rotaxane, which incorporates a dumbbell-shaped component containing both secondary dialkylammonium and 1,2-bis(pyridinium)ethane recognition sites for its ring component, dibenzo[24]crown-8 (DB24C8), has been assembled. (1)H NMR spectroscopy has demonstrated that deprotonation (and reprotonation) of the secondary dialkylammonium (dialkylamine) recognition site induces the DB24C8 ring to move away from this site to the 1,2-bis(pyridinium)ethane one (and back again) in a discrete manner, particularly when the experiment is performed in CDCl(3) solution.
Positive Sterility Cultures of Transplant Solutions during Pancreatic Islet Autotransplantation Are Associated Infrequently with Clinical Infection (2015)

In autologous islet preparations, isolation solutions frequently have positive cultures, but this finding is associated infrequently with clinical infection.
Identification of a chicken “C” chemokine related to lymphotactin (1999)

In this study we describe the isolation and characterization of a new chicken (Gallus gallus) chemokine. This molecule belongs to the C or gamma-chemokine family and is related to the mouse and human lymphotactin (Lptn). Mouse and human Lptn are distinguished from alpha and beta chemokines by the absence of two cysteines (Cys 1 and 3) that form a disulfide bridge; the novel chicken chemokine shows the same cysteine pattern, but replaces a long carboxy-terminal tail found in the other Lptn proteins with a short extension rich in Arg residues. The 1-kb mRNA is mainly expressed in spleen, although weaker signals have been detected in liver and colon. It is interesting to note that the chicken chemokine seems to preferentially induce the migration of spleen B cells over T cells or B cells from the bursa of Fabricius.
Frequent and selective methylation of p15 and deletion of both p15 and p16 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (1997)

Frequent deletion of chromosome 9p21 in many cancers has suggested the presence of tumor suppressor genes in this region. Two genes mapping to 9p21, p15 and p16, encode inhibitors for cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6. We recently found that in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), both the p15 and p16 genes are deleted at a high frequency, with p16 gene deletion occurring slightly more frequently than p15 gene deletion. We now show that in addition to deletion, the p15 gene is preferentially hypermethylated at a 5' CpG island, which has been shown previously to be associated with loss of transcription of this gene. The p15 gene was methylated in 38% (17 of 45) of T-ALL patients at diagnosis and in 22% (7 of 32) of patients at relapse. On the other hand, methylation of the p16 gene was a rare event, occurring in 4% (2 of 49) of patients at diagnosis and in none (0 of 30) at relapse. The overall rates of alteration occurring in at least one allele of the p15 gene is 84% at diagnosis and 88% at relapse. These rates are as high as, if not greater than, those for the p16 gene (80% at diagnosis and 74% at relapse). In fact, such alterations involve both alleles in the majority of samples: 76% for p15 and 67% for p16 at diagnosis. All together, more than one-half (56%) of T-ALL samples harbor alterations in both alleles of both p15 and p16. These results lend strong support for a role of both p15 and p16 as tumor suppressors in T-ALL.
Formation of Okazaki Pieces at the Escherichia coli Replication Fork In Vitro (1979)

Okazaki's model of discontinuous DNA synthesis, supported by the discovery of nascent DNA fragments at the replication fork (Okazaki pieces), provided a solution to the problem of how antiparallel DNA strands could be simultaneously replicated (Okazaki et al. 1969). Since Okazaki's initial observations, many investigators have shown that in a wide variety of biological systems nascent DNA at the replication fork is found in the form of Okazaki pieces which must be sealed to give normal-length mature DNA.