gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iodinated Meroditerpenes from a Red Alga Callophycus sp. (2017)

Unique iodine-containing meroditerpenes iodocallophycoic acid A (1) and iodocallophycols A-D (2-5) were discovered from the Fijian red alga Callophycus sp. Because flexibility of the molecular skeleton impaired full characterization of relative stereochemistries by NMR spectroscopy, a DFT-based theoretical model was developed to derive relevant interproton distances which were compared to those calculated from NOE measurements, yielding the relative stereochemistries. The correct 2S,6S,7S,10S,14S enantiomers were then identified by comparison of theoretical and experimental ECD spectra. Biological activities of these iodinated and brominated meroditerpenes and additional new, related bromophycoic acid F (6) and bromophycoic acid A methyl ester (7), were evaluated for relevant human disease targets. Iodocallophycoic acid A (1) showed moderate antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) with MIC values of 1.4 and 2.2 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. It also potentiated the anti-MRSA activity of oxacillin in a synergistic fashion, resulting in an 8-fold increase in oxacillin potency, for a MIC of 16 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>.
Three-Dimensional Simulation Analysis of the Effect of Hydrous Ethanol and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Combustion and Emissions (2021)

Abstract To analyze the influence of hydrous ethanol on the performance of the direct-injection engine, the three-dimensional simulation is carried out by using converge software coupled with the combustion mechanism of hydrous ethanol gasoline and the soot model. The combustion and soot generation characteristics of a direct-injection gasoline engine burning hydrous ethanol gasoline using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology are investigated. It is found that the increase of the blending ratio of the hydrous ethanol can accelerate the flame propagation speed, shorten the combustion duration, and improve the combustion isovolumetric. The nucleation and growth of soot are jointly controlled by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the small molecular components such as C2H2. The oxygen content properties and high reactive OH of the hydrous ethanol-containing gasoline inhibit soot formation. Compared with pure gasoline, the carbon soot precursor mass is reduced by 60%, 54.5%, 73.3%, and 52.4% for 20% anhydrous ethanol blended with gasoline, A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively, and the carbon soot mass is reduced by 63.6% and the carbon soot volume density is reduced by 40%. The introduction of EGR exhaust reduces the burning rate and leads to an increase in the production of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and soot. However, the combination of EGR with hydrous ethanol gasoline can significantly improve the engine combustion environment and significantly reduce soot and PAHs concentrations. The impact of EGR also includes the ability to reduce combustion chamber temperatures and reduce NOx emissions from hydrous ethanol gasoline by 75%.
New Radical Allylation Reaction of Iodides (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNew Radical Allylation Reaction of IodidesFrédéric Le Guyader, Béatrice Quiclet-Sire, Stéphanie Seguin, and Samir Z. ZardView Author Information Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique associé au CNRS Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 31, 7410–7411Publication Date (Web):August 6, 1997Publication History Received20 March 1997Published online6 August 1997Published inissue 1 August 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9708878Copyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1319Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (77 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Allyl group,Anions,Ethyl groups,Reaction products,Sulfones Get e-Alerts
Neural Network-Based Soft-Demapping for Nonlinear Channels (2020)

Conventional soft demappers designed for AWGN channels suffer from performance loss under realistic channels. We propose a neural network soft demapper and show a gain of 0.35dB in an 800Gb/s coherent transmission experiment using DP-32QAM.
Active Acoustic Cross-Correlation Technique Applied to Flow Velocity Measurement in a Coal/Liquid Slurry (1983)

The active acoustic cross-correlatio n technique is assessed for monitoring flow velocity in a coal/liquid s lurry. The accuracy o f the technique in flow velocity measurement is examined for different sensing geometries and locations, operating f requencies and modes, transducer spacings and rotations, and d emodulation schemes. Two types of slurry--coal-oil and coal-waterwere used in the test. For the coal-oil test, the coal c oncentration was increased in steps from 0 to 60 wt%, and the flow velocity was varied between 0.4 and 3.7 m/s. The flow velocity, VA, deduced from the cross-correlatiz n peak, is compared with the mean velocity, V, obtained by the flow diversion method. The ratio v/V, found to be independent of coal concentration but sensitive to the flow regime because of the finite-sensing volume. Other acoustic techniques that may be u sed to measure coal concentration also are presented.
50 kHz, 62&#x03BC;J femtosecond pulse SHG at 389 nm from a single stage Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier (2008)

We have demonstrated the second harmonic generation with output pulses of a 50 kHz Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier. 280 fs pulses with an average power of 3.1 W were generated at 389nm.
Closed Loop Microfabricated Facial Reanimation Device Coupling EMG-Driven Facial Nerve Stimulation with a Chronically Implanted Multichannel Cuff Electrode (2018)

Permanent facial paralysis and paresis (FP) results from damage to the facial nerve (FN), and is a debilitating condition with substantial functional and psychological consequences for the patient. Unfortunately, surgeons have few tools with which they can satisfactorily reanimate the face. Current strategies employ static (e.g., implantation of nonmuscular material in the face to aid in function/cosmesis) and dynamic options (e.g., gracilis myoneurovascular free tissue transfer) to partially restore volitional facial function and cosmesis. Here, we propose a novel neuroprosthetic approach for facial reanimation that utilizes electromyographic (EMG) input coupled to a chronically implanted multichannel cuff electrode (MCE) to restore instantaneous, volitional, and selective hemifacial movement in a feline model. To accomplish this goal, we developed a single-channel EMG-drive current source coupled with a chronically implanted MCE via a portable microprocessor board. Our results demonstrated a successful feasibility trial in which human EMG input resulted in FN stimulation with subsequent concentric contraction of discrete regions of a feline face.
ChemInform Abstract: Mesoporous Yttria—Zirconia and Metal—Yttria—Zirconia Solid Solutions for Fuel Cells. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modeling the splitting of thin silicon films from porosified crystalline silicon upon high temperature annealing in hydrogen (2012)

Abstract The role of hydrogen in promoting thin film splitting from crystalline silicon wafers with pores or trenches during high temperature annealing is investigated. During the treatment, trenches are transformed into spherical voids that may laterally channel and split off the substrate. It is shown that the conditions necessary for hydrogen to contribute to the establishment of high stress levels around transformed voids or of pressure inside the voids are usually not satisfied. Hence promoting void coalescence by substantial void volume growth resulting from stress enhanced vacancy diffusion and/or exfoliation of separated voids are unlikely to occur. Also, there are no experimental evidence that confirms the role of hydrogen in triggering premature void collapse by Griffith fracture at relatively lower stress levels in conjunction with reduced surface energy. Therefore, it is concluded that splitting occurs during high temperature annealing only when neighboring voids are close enough to systematically coalesce. In that case, hydrogen may react at high temperature with the internal silicon surface of the voids (walls) and contribute to breaking the thin straps separating the voids which promotes channelling and film splitting (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Integration of a temporary carrier in a TSV process flow (2009)

Three-dimensional (3-D) wafer stacking technologies offer new possibilities in terms of device architecture and miniaturization. To stack wafers, reliable through-silicon vias (TSVs) and interconnections must be processed into ultrathin wafers, and such processing is made possible by new methods for wafer handling. Of the different wafer-level bonding techniques, temporary wafer bonding adhesives can offer a variety of properties sufficient for withstanding the TSV processes: flow properties, mechanical strength, thermal stability, chemical resistance, and easy debonding and cleaning processes. This paper demonstrates that, contrary to tapes and waxes currently used for temporary bonding, a new removable high-temperature adhesive meets all the requirements named above for reliable TSV processing on 8-inch active wafers. We will first describe formation of TSVs with aspect ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 into thinned wafers.
MicroRNA-29a in Adult Muscle Stem Cells Controls Skeletal Muscle Regeneration During Injury and Exercise Downstream of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (2016)

The expansion of myogenic progenitors (MPs) in the adult muscle stem cell niche is critical for the regeneration of skeletal muscle. Activation of quiescent MPs depends on the dismantling of the basement membrane and increased access to growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2). Here, we demonstrate using microRNA (miRNA) profiling in mouse and human myoblasts that the capacity of FGF2 to stimulate myoblast proliferation is mediated by miR-29a. FGF2 induces miR-29a expression and inhibition of miR-29a using pharmacological or genetic deletion decreases myoblast proliferation. Next generation RNA sequencing from miR-29a knockout myoblasts (Pax7(CE/+) ; miR-29a(flox/flox) ) identified members of the basement membrane as the most abundant miR-29a targets. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we confirm that miR-29a coordinately regulates Fbn1, Lamc1, Nid2, Col4a1, Hspg2 and Sparc in myoblasts in vitro and in MPs in vivo. Induction of FGF2 and miR-29a and downregulation of its target genes precedes muscle regeneration during cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury. Importantly, MP-specific tamoxifen-induced deletion of miR-29a in adult skeletal muscle decreased the proliferation and formation of newly formed myofibers during both CTX-induced muscle injury and after a single bout of eccentric exercise. Our results identify a novel miRNA-based checkpoint of the basement membrane in the adult muscle stem cell niche. Strategies targeting miR-29a might provide useful clinical approaches to maintain muscle mass in disease states such as ageing that involve aberrant FGF2 signaling.
Search for the Decay D0 → π+ π− μ+ μ− (2014)

A search for the D0 → π+ π− μ+ μ− decay, where the muon pair does not originate from a resonance, is performed using proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^−1 recorded by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. No signal is observed and an upper limit on the relative branching fraction with respect to the resonant decay mode D0 → π+ π− ϕ(→ μ+ μ−), under the assumption of a phase-space model, is found to be B(D0 → π+ π− μ+ μ−) / B(D0 → π+ π− ϕ(→ μ+ μ−))&lt;0.96 at 90% confidence level. The upper limit on the absolute branching fraction is evaluated to be B(D0 → π+ π− μ+ μ−) &lt; 5.5 x 10^−7 at 90% confidence level. This is the most stringent to date.
Effect of Acceptor (Mg) Concentration on the Resistance Degradation Behavior in Acceptor (Mg)‐Doped BaTiO 3 Bulk Ceramics: II. Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current Analysis (2009)

Thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) of acceptor (Mg)‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramics was analyzed with different acceptor concentrations for coarse‐grained specimens with uniform grain sizes. In all specimens, the increase of the polarization temperature ( T P ) for a fixed condition of polarization field ( E P ) and polarization time ( t P ) increased TSDC peak associated with an oxygen vacancy ( V O •• ) relaxation. When the acceptor concentration is increased, both T P to generate same magnitude of TSDC and the relaxation temperature ( T m ) of the TSDC peak systematically decreased. On the other hand, the activation energy of the oxygen vacancy relaxation showed roughly constant values of ∼0.9 eV, irrespective of acceptor concentration. Such behavior can be explained by a decrease in the relaxation time constant (τ 0 ), which is in turn associated with the shape of oxygen vacancy profile in the specimen after polarization. The decrease of T P , T m , τ 0 , and the little change of activation energy from the TSDC data with the increase of acceptor concentration implies an increase in the oxygen vacancy concentration C ( V O •• ). The experimentally observed behavior of C ( V O •• ) vs acceptor concentration could be explained by the defect chemical model, and from these results, the acceptor ionization energy E A was estimated to be about 1.0 eV.
Chordoma in children: Case-report and review of literature (2015)

We report an exceptional case of a very late local failure in a 9-year-old boy presenting with a chordoma of the cranio-cervical junction. The child was initially treated with a combination of surgical resection followed by high dose photon-proton radiation therapy. This aggressive therapy allowed a 9-year remission with minimal side-effects. Unfortunately, he subsequently presented with a local failure managed with a second full-dose course of protons. The child died one year later from local bleeding of unclear etiology.
A RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL DAS POLÍTICAS DE INFORMAÇÃO NA PRÁTICA DA LEITURA (2018)

Na atual conjuntura social, a inclusao / exclusao tem sido tema abordado em eventos nas mais variadas areas do conhecimento, que nos faz refletir sobre como as politicas publicas tem afetado de modo direto e indireto na sociedade, como tambem nas organizacoes publicas e privadas. Considerando que as politicas publicas surgem como solucoes em longo prazo para problemas sociais, economicos, culturais e informacionais que sao detectados na sociedade, o Estado se apresenta como agente principal na construcao das mesmas, no entanto, sabemos que outras organizacoes tem atuado no desenvolvimento de politicas que complementam ou ate mesmo substituem o papel que deveria ser exclusivamente estatal. As politicas publicas de informacao tem por base, acoes de cunho responsavelmente social, por apresentarem caracteristicas de longa duracao e que intervem diretamente na vida dos atores que sao direcionados que tem como um dos objetivos proporcionar a insercao das pessoas na sociedade da informacao e do conhecimento, tornando-as participantes ativas dos elementos sociais e empoderando-as enquanto cidadas conscientes dos seus deveres e direitos. Tal reflexao e a base deste artigo que objetiva apresentar os aspectos da responsabilidade social nas politicas publicas de informacao, na socializacao do conhecimento a partir do acesso a informacao e a pratica da leitura que advem deste processo. Metodologicamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa teorica a cerca das tematicas sobre responsabilidade social, politicas publicas e praticas de leitura, no qual, foram discorridas no texto de forma estrutural. Considerou-se que as politicas publicas de informacao sao importantes enquanto intervencoes sociais que busca a melhoria das lacunas socio/culturais que existem na sociedade, e que devem agir como democratizadoras nos elementos sociais, afim de promover a inclusao social.
Utjecaj obrade erozimatom na mikrostukturu površine titana dobivenog metalurgijom praha (2014)

Komercijalno čisti titan (CP Ti) prepoznat je u dentalnoj medicini zbog svoje biokompatibilnosti, dobrih mehaničkih svojstava i otpornosti na koroziju. Konvencionalni proizvodni procesi CP Ti mogu utjecati na kvalitetu površine uzoraka i rezultirati slabom vezom s dentalnom keramikom. Stoga se uvode nove proizvodne tehnologije ; metalurgija praha i WEDM. Cilj ovog istraživanja odrediti utjecaj WEDM na površinu P/M CP Ti uzoraka proizvedenih za ispitivanje vezne čvrstoće prema ISO 9693. Materijali i metode Osam uzoraka P/M CP Ti dimenzija prema ISO 9693 proizvedeni su korištenjem WEDM i podijeljeni u dvije grupe (neobrađeni i brušeni). Analiza površine obje grupe uzoraka učinjena je korištenjem SEM, EDS i XDR metode. Rezultati SEM i EDS analiza neobrađenih uzoraka pokazuje takni sloj različitog sastava uz prisutnost fraktura. Brušeni uzorci pokazuju homogenu strukturu bez fraktura. XDR analiza pokazuje visoku koncentraciju titanovih oksida na površini neobrađenih uzoraka, dok je nakon brušenja prisutna samo čista α-faza. Zaključak WEDM je prikladna metoda proizvodnje uzoraka za ISO 9693 ukoliko se uzorci naknadno bruse.
Synthetic Control of the Pore Dimension and Surface Area in Conjugated Microporous Polymer and Copolymer Networks (2008)

A series of rigid microporous poly(aryleneethynylene) (PAE) networks was synthesized by Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling chemistry. PAEs with apparent Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface areas of more than 1000 m(2)/g were produced. The materials were found to have very good chemical and thermal stability and retention of microporosity under a variety of conditions. It was shown that physical properties such as micropore size, surface area, and hydrogen uptake could be controlled in a "quantized" fashion by varying the monomer strut length, as for metal-organic and covalent organic frameworks, even though the networks were amorphous in nature. For the first time, it was demonstrated that these properties can also be fine-tuned in a continuous manner via statistical copolymerization of monomer struts with differing lengths. This provides an unprecedented degree of direct synthetic control over micropore properties in an organic network.
Lyapunov functions, stationary distributions, and non-equilibrium\n potential for chemical reaction networks (2014)

We consider the relationship between stationary distributions for stochastic\nmodels of reaction systems and Lyapunov functions for their deterministic\ncounterparts. Specifically, we derive the well known Lyapunov function of\nreaction network theory as a scaling limit of the non-equilibrium potential of\nthe stationary distribution of stochastically modeled complex balanced systems.\nWe extend this result to general birth-death models and demonstrate via example\nthat similar scaling limits can yield Lyapunov functions even for models that\nare not complex or detailed balanced, and may even have multiple equilibria.\n
Pointing at 3D targets in a stereo head-tracked virtual environment (2011)

We present three experiments that systematically examine pointing tasks in fish tank VR using the ISO 9241-9 standard. All experiments used a tracked stylus for a both direct touch and ray-based technique. Mouse-based techniques were also studied. Our goal was to investigate means of comparing 2D and 3D pointing techniques. The first experiment used a 2D task constrained to the display surface, allowing direct validation against other 2D studies. The second experiment used targets stereoscopically presented above and parallel to the display, i.e., the same task, but without tactile feedback afforded by the screen. The third experiment used targets varying in all three dimensions. Results of these studies suggest that the conventional 2D formulation of Fitts' law works well for planar pointing tasks even without tactile feedback, and with stereo display. Fully 3D motions using the ray and mouse based techniques are less well modeled.
Removal of estrogenic activity of 4‐tert‐octylphenol by ligninolytic enzymes from white rot fungi (2007)

4-tert-Octylphenol (4-t-OP) was treated with the white rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 under ligninolytic condition with low-nitrogen and high-carbon culture medium. 4-t-OP completely disappeared after 5 days of treatment and the activities of ligninolytic enzymes, laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP), were detected during this period, thus suggesting that the disappearance of 4-t-OP is related to these extracellular enzymes. Therefore, 4-t-OP was treated with laccase and MnP prepared from white rot fungi cultures. HPLC analysis demonstrated that 4-t-OP completely disappeared in the reaction mixture after 1 h of treatment with either laccase or MnP. Using the yeast two-hybrid assay system, it was also confirmed that laccase and MnP substantially removed the estrogenic activity of 4-t-OP after 1 and 2 h of treatment, respectively. These results strongly demonstrate that ligninolytic enzymes are effective in removing the estrogenic activity of 4-t-OP.