gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF LOCALIZED RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (RCC)CORRELATE WITH TUMOR SIZE: A SEER ANALYSIS (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF LOCALIZED RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (RCC)CORRELATE WITH TUMOR SIZE: A SEER ANALYSIS Jason Rothman, Brian L Egleston, Yu-Ning Wong, Kevan Iffrig, Steve Lebovitch, and Robert G Uzzo Jason RothmanJason Rothman More articles by this author , Brian L EglestonBrian L Egleston More articles by this author , Yu-Ning WongYu-Ning Wong More articles by this author , Kevan IffrigKevan Iffrig More articles by this author , Steve LebovitchSteve Lebovitch More articles by this author , and Robert G UzzoRobert G Uzzo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61003-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF LOCALIZED RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (RCC)CORRELATE WITH TUMOR SIZE: A SEER ANALYSIS." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 353 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 353 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Jason Rothman More articles by this author Brian L Egleston More articles by this author Yu-Ning Wong More articles by this author Kevan Iffrig More articles by this author Steve Lebovitch More articles by this author Robert G Uzzo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Fabrication method for encapsulation of low-index, narrowband guided-mode resonance filters (2013)

Resonant narrowband out-coupler designs for laser systems leave a portion of the device exposed to damage and contamination. We present a fabrication method for full device encapsulation, resulting in a highly reflective, protected spectral filter.
Syntheses of Platinum(IV) Aryl Dihydride Complexes via Arene C−H Bond Activation (2001)

Tp‘PtMeH2 (1) reacts with substoichiometric amounts of B(C6F5)3 in aromatic solvents to yield platinum(IV) aryl dihydride complexes via borane-induced reductive elimination of methane from 1 and subsequent C−H activation of the aromatic solvent.
Amplification of Electromagnetic Waves Using Time Reversal (2017)

This chapter presents a different approach based on the time-reversal technique to focus high-amplitude wideband pulses. It explores the properties of the focal spot with respect to different experimental parameters such as the number of antennas, the aperture, and the size of the cavity or the source polarization. The chapter examines the dependence of the time reversal (TR) peak with respect to the number of antennas of the TR mirror (TRM). It develops a model for the pulse amplification and the influence of the aperture area of the reverberation chambers (RCs). In electromagnetism, reverberation chambers (RCs) are commonly used for electromagnetic compatibility or antenna characterization. The chapter discusses on TR focusing which requires recording first the transient response between the TRM and the focal point. Inside the chamber, the TR mirror consists of eight half-wavelength omni directional antennas working in the frequency range 2.2-3.2 GHz.
Comparison of techniques for obtaining lower airway epithelial cells from children (2008)

Airway epithelial cells (AECs) are important in asthma as they are the first cells to encounter pathogens/allergens. In children, AECs can be obtained using a "blind" nonbronchoscopic technique through an endotracheal tube. However, due to the increasing use of laryngeal masks the number of children in whom this technique is applicable has become limited. Recently, the present authors began to use a portable "bronchoscope-directed" technique to sample AECs. The current study compares both techniques in both asthmatic and nonasthmatic children. A total of 81 children undergoing elective surgery, were grouped according to atopic status and respiratory symptoms. Cellular yield of blind and bronchoscope-directed brushings were compared and immunocytochemistry performed. AECs were cultured and cytokine analysis of culture supernatant undertaken. Both techniques were equally well-tolerated, with the only adverse effect being a cough in 10% of the subjects. The mean+/-SD cell yield was higher in bronchoscope-directed than blind brushings (5.1+/-2.4 versus 3.1+/-1.4x10(6) cells). Immunocytochemistry confirmed an epithelial cell lineage. Culture supernatant cytokine concentrations were similar regardless of sampling technique with patterns preserved between asthmatic and healthy nonatopic phenotypes. Compared with blind brushing portable bronchoscope-directed brushing is well-tolerated, yields significantly more cells and is a potentially quick and useful technique for obtaining airway epithelial cells for research into childhood respiratory disease, specifically asthma.
Beneficial Associations of Physical Activity With 2-h but Not Fasting Blood Glucose in Australian Adults (2006)

There are important differences between 2-h PG and FPG related to physical activity. It appears that 2-h PG is more sensitive to the beneficial effects of physical activity, and these benefits occur across the waist circumference spectrum.
Linear solvation energy (LSE) correlations of the solvatochromic response and x‐ray structure analysis of hydrophilically N‐substituted Michler's ketone derivatives (2001)

Abstract Bathochromic UV–Vis spectral shifts of two hydrophilically N ‐substituted Michler's ketone derivatives, 4,4′‐bis[di(2‐hydroxyethyl)amino]benzophenone [MK(OH) 4 ] ( 1 ) and 4‐(dimethylamino)‐4′‐[di(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐amino]benzophenone [MK(OH) 2 ] ( 3 ), were measured in 28 solvents of different polarity. For MK(OH) 4 and MK(OH) 2 in non‐polar, dipolar aprotic and hydrogen‐bonding solvents, the solvatochromic responses of the two solutes conform exactly to the requirements of the Kamlet‐Taft linear solvation free energy model of solvent–solute interactions. The contribution of the hydrogen‐bond accepting property of the solvent on the bathochromic band shift of MK(OH) 4 and MK(OH) 2 increases with increasing number of their OH groups at the N‐substituent. The x‐ray crystallographic analysis for MK(OH) 2 reveals the presence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen atom and the 2‐hydroxyethyl group, which plays a significant role in the colour of the crystals. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Pyrolysis in the Liquid Phase Inside Single Droplets of Light Oil Studied with Laser Light Scattering Methods* (1990)

Abstract A new optical set up for the measurement of the angular distribution of the polarized components of light scattered by single droplets has been realized. It allows the simultaneous determination of the size, velocity and complex refractive index of the droplets. The vaporization and chemical transformation in the liquid phase have been studied with this technique in the temperature range between 20°C to 700°C for arrays of droplets of pure hydrocarbons and commercial light oils. It was found that droplets composed by commercial blending became opaque in the visible (λ = 514.5 nm) while those composed by pure compounds exhibit only a vaporization without reaction in the liquid phase. This effect is attributed to a class of aromatic compounds with polar characteristics and it is qualitatively similar, although less relevant, to that which takes place inside droplets of heavy oils at high temperature. The increase of absorbivity of heated up droplets has been detected also in spray in burning conditions and the effect may have relevance in the formation of particulate phase during combustion.
Synthesis and characterization of aliphatic poly(esteramide)s containing symmetrical bisamide blocks (1998)

Abstract A series of symmetrical diols were synthesised through ring‐opening of lactones with different ring sizes by alkane diamines in moderate to good yields. Ring‐opening of the dilactones glycolide and lactide with a diamine in equimolar amounts afforded symmetrical diols in quantitative yield. Aliphatic poly(ester‐amide)s were prepared by polycondensation of N,N′‐bis(caproyl)butane diamide, dimethyl adipate and 1,4‐butanediol. The structure of the diamide was retained in the polymer. The polymers synthesized are semi‐crystalline materials that possess ordered structures in the solid phase over almost the entire copolymer range. Depending on thermal history and copolymer composition thermal analyses is in agreement with the presence of pseudo‐hexagonal crystal structures below 75°C, a fast melting recrystallization at this temperature and a triclinic structure at higher temperatures.
Experimental Determination of Lift and Lift Distributions for Wings In Formation Flight (2005)

Methods to experimentally determine trailing vortex strengths and spanwise circulation distributions for two wings in formation flight using a flow measurement probe are presented. With these experiments we model compound aircraft flight either docked tip-totip, or flying in formation. Data were collected for the case of a full wing trailing a larger wing. The absence of fixed walls on either end of the wing permits the development of asymmetric shedding of vortices, and the determination of the asymmetric circulation distribution induced by the proximity of the leading wing. The pair consisted of a swept NACA 0012 non-cambered wing simulating one half of a leading aircraft and a rectangular cambered NACA 63-420 wing simulating the trailing aircraft. Velocity and vorticity distributions obtained along a near-field plane were processed to calculate wingtip vortex strengths. Vortex position instabilities and the shedding of vorticity inboard of the wingtips were observed. Circulation distributions for the trailing wing are measured. Comparisons are made to directly measured loads and to results reported earlier. Directly measured lift and drag coefficients were found to agree with existing literature.
Investigation of a fractured reservoir using P‐wave AVOA analysis: A case study of the Emilio Field with support from synthetic examples (2004)

Much evidence has been given for the utility of P‐wave azimuthal AVO (AVOA) analysis for vertically fractured reservoirs modeled as HTI media. Although these investigations typically conclude that P‐wave AVO information alone cannot quantify absolute fracture parameters (Lynn and Cox, 2003), there is some value in this relatively inexpensive method. In this investigation, we aim to characterize a fractured reservoir in the Emilio Field using P‐wave data from a 3D OBC survey. A non‐linear least squares inversion method is developed to recover azimuthal AVO parameters using a surface‐fitting approach similar to that employed by Hall and Kendall (2003). Synthetic data generated by a 3D finite difference code is also analyzed in order to better understand the behavior of this routine under various fracture and overburden conditions.
Low-energy-threshold analysis of the Phase I and Phase II data sets of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (2010)

Results are reported from a joint analysis of Phase I and Phase II data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The effective electron kinetic energy threshold used is ${T}_{\mathrm{eff}}=3.5$ MeV, the lowest analysis threshold yet achieved with water Cherenkov detector data. In units of ${10}^{6}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, the total flux of active-flavor neutrinos from $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ decay in the Sun measured using the neutral current (NC) reaction of neutrinos on deuterons, with no constraint on the $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrino energy spectrum, is found to be ${\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{\mathrm{NC}}=5.{140}_{\ensuremath{-}0.158}^{+0.160}{\text{(stat)}}_{\ensuremath{-}0.117}^{+0.132}\text{(syst)}.$ These uncertainties are more than a factor of 2 smaller than previously published results. Also presented are the spectra of recoil electrons from the charged current reaction of neutrinos on deuterons and the elastic scattering of electrons. A fit to the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory data in which the free parameters directly describe the total $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrino flux and the energy-dependent ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ survival probability provides a measure of the total $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrino flux ${\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{{}^{8}\mathrm{B}}=5.{046}_{\ensuremath{-}0.152}^{+0.159}{\text{(stat)}}_{\ensuremath{-}0.123}^{+0.107}\text{(syst)}$. Combining these new results with results of all other solar experiments and the KamLAND reactor experiment yields best-fit values of the mixing parameters of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{12}=34.{06}_{\ensuremath{-}0.84}^{+1.16}$ degrees and $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{21}^{2}=7.{59}_{\ensuremath{-}0.21}^{+0.20}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ eV${}^{2}$. The global value of ${\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{{}^{8}\mathrm{B}}$ is extracted to a precision of ${}_{\ensuremath{-}2.95}^{+2.38}%$. In a three-flavor analysis the best fit value of $\mathrm{sin}{}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}$ is $2.{00}_{\ensuremath{-}1.63}^{+2.09}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. This implies an upper bound of $\mathrm{sin}{}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}&lt;0.057$ ($95%$ C.L.).
The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothing (2021)

Currently it requires an artist to create 3D human avatars with realistic clothing that can move naturally. Despite progress on 3D scanning and modeling of human bodies, there is still no technology that can easily turn a static scan into an animatable avatar. Automating the creation of such avatars would enable many applications in games, social networking, animation, and AR/VR to name a few. The key problem is one of representation. Standard 3D meshes are widely used in modeling the minimally-clothed body but do not readily capture the complex topology of clothing. Recent interest has shifted to implicit surface models for this task but they are computationally heavy and lack compatibility with existing 3D tools. What is needed is a 3D representation that can capture varied topology at high resolution and that can be learned from data. We argue that this representation has been with us all along -- the point cloud. Point clouds have properties of both implicit and explicit representations that we exploit to model 3D garment geometry on a human body. We train a neural network with a novel local clothing geometric feature to represent the shape of different outfits. The network is trained from 3D point clouds of many types of clothing, on many bodies, in many poses, and learns to model pose-dependent clothing deformations. The geometry feature can be optimized to fit a previously unseen scan of a person in clothing, enabling the scan to be reposed realistically. Our model demonstrates superior quantitative and qualitative results in both multi-outfit modeling and unseen outfit animation. The code is available for research purposes.
Distributed load balancing through a biomimetic self organisation framework (2012)

In wireless cellular systems, uneven traffic load among the cells increases call blocking rates in some cells and causes low resource utilisation in others and thus degrades user satisfaction and overall performance of the cellular system. Various centralised or semi-centralised Load Balancing (LB) schemes have been proposed to cope with this time persistent problem, however, a fully distributed Self Organising (SO) LB solution is still needed for the future cellular networks. To this end, we present a novel distributed LB solution based on an analytical framework developed on the principles of nature-inspired SO systems. A novel concept of super-cell is proposed to decompose the problem of "system-wide blocking minimization" into the local sub-problems in order to enable a SO distributed solution. Performance of the proposed solution is evaluated through system level simulations for both macro cell and femto cell based systems. Numerical results show that the proposed solution can reduce the blocking in the system close to an Ideal Central Control (ICC) based LB solution. The added advantage of the proposed solution is that it does not require heavy signalling overheads.
Induced proximity of a TIR signaling domain on a plant-mammalian NLR chimera activates defense in plants (2020)

Plant and animal intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors detect pathogen-derived molecules and activate defense. Plant NLRs can be divided into several classes based upon their N-terminal signaling domains, including TIR (Toll-like, Interleukin-1 receptor, Resistance protein)- and CC (coiled-coil)-NLRs. Upon ligand detection, mammalian NAIP and NLRC4 NLRs oligomerize, forming an inflammasome that induces proximity of its N-terminal signaling domains. Recently, a plant CC-NLR was revealed to form an inflammasome-like hetero-oligomer. To further investigate plant NLR signaling mechanisms, we fused the N-terminal TIR domain of several plant NLRs to the N terminus of NLRC4. Inflammasome-dependent induced proximity of the TIR domain in planta initiated defense signaling. Thus, induced proximity of a plant TIR domain imposed by oligomerization of a mammalian inflammasome is sufficient to activate authentic plant defense. Ligand detection and inflammasome formation is maintained when the known components of the NLRC4 inflammasome is transferred across kingdoms, indicating that NLRC4 complex can robustly function without any additional mammalian proteins. Additionally, we found NADase activity of a plant TIR domain is necessary for plant defense activation, but NADase activity of a mammalian or a bacterial TIR is not sufficient to activate defense in plants.
ESR and X-ray Structure Investigations on the Binding and Mechanism of Inhibition of the Native State of Myeloperoxidase with Low Molecular Weight Fragments (2015)

As an early visitor to the injured loci, neutrophil-derived human Myeloperoxidase (hMPO) offers an attractive protein target to modulate the inflammation of the host tissue through suitable inhibitors. We describe a novel methodology of using low temperature ESR spectroscopy (6 K) and <i>FAST</i>™ technology to screen a diverse series of small molecules that inhibit the peroxidase function through reversible binding to the native state of MPO. Our initial efforts to profile molecules on the inhibition of MPO-initiated nitration of the Apo-A1 peptide (AEYHAKATEHL) assay showed several potent (with sub-micro molar IC50s) but spurious inhibitors that either do not bind to the heme pocket in the enzyme or retain high (>50 %) anti oxidant potential. Such molecules when taken forward for X-ray did not yield inhibitor-bound co-crystals. We then used ESR to confirm direct binding to the native state enzyme, by measuring the binding-induced shift in the electronic parameter <i>g</i> to rank order the molecules. Molecules with a higher rank order-those with <i>g</i>-shift <i>R</i><sub>relative</sub> ≥15-yielded well-formed protein-bound crystals (<i>n</i> = 33 structures). The co-crystal structure with the LSN217331 inhibitor reveals that the chlorophenyl group projects away from the heme along the edges of the Phe366 and Phe407 side chain phenyl rings thereby sterically restricting the access to the heme by the substrates like H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Both ESR and antioxidant screens were used to derive the mechanism of action (reversibility, competitive substrate inhibition, and percent antioxidant potential). In conclusion, our results point to a viable path forward to target the native state of MPO to tame local inflammation.
High Pressure Sintering of Nano-polycrystalline Thermoelectric Materials (2005)

In this article we describe the possibility of the improvement of thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline materials through means of high pressure sintering. We made an attempt to reduce the thermal conductivity, which is one of the important parameter of thermoelectric properties, by the high pressure sintering of nano-crystalline particles. It was confirmed that the thermal conductivity of ZnO, CoSb3, and Bi2Te3 are actually reduced by using this method and the dimensionless figure of merits of these materials efficiency at room temperature are improved remarkably.
Ligand Effects on Charge Transport in Platinum(II) Acetylides (2003)

To investigate the electrical characteristics of organometallic complexes as molecular conductors, organometallic pi-conjugated molecules of the type trans-[PtL2(CCC6H4SAc-4)2], where L = PCy3, PBu3, PPh3, P(OEt)3, P(OPh)3, were synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, UV, and X-ray spectroscopies. For the three complexes (L = PCy3, PPh3, and P(OEt)3) that could be measured using a cross-wire junction technique, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of a molecular monolayer of these complexes showed no ligand effect, despite spectroscopic evidence that electronic interaction between the phosphine ligands and the pi-system does occur. It was concluded that the tunneling efficiency across the molecule is the determining factor for conduction in this metal-molecule-metal system. It was also shown that the incorporation of a transition metal in pi-conjugated molecular wires does not adversely affect charge transport compared to all-carbon pi-conjugated molecular wires.
Tassel Culture of Elite Inbreds of Maize (1989)

Tassel culture of maize ( Zea mays L.) to obtain normal development has significant potential for both basic and applied research studies. However, potential use of this technique for genetic manipulations has been limited by genotype specificity. This study was conducted to screen 15 commercially used inbreds for tassel culture response and to determine conditions satisfactory for successful tassel culture of each genotype. Immature tassel meristems were cultured on different media. Different concentrations of sucrose (0.2– 0.3 M) were required for different genotypes. However, Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.1 μM kinetin and casein hydrolysate (30 mg L −1 ) was suitable for most of the genotypes. Tassels of Oh43 derivatives were responsive to culture, while B73 and Mo17 were more recalcitrant. The cultured tassels of the inbreds A619, A632, H99, LH38, Pa91 and U94 produced mature, trinucleate pollen. Thus, the tassel culture technique can be used across a broad range of elite maize germplasm.
Using murine colitis models to analyze probiotics–host interactions (2017)

Probiotics are defined as 'live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host'. So, to consider a microorganism as a probiotic, a demonstrable beneficial effect on the health host should be shown as well as an adequate defined safety status and the capacity to survive transit through the gastrointestinal tract and to storage conditions. In this review, we present an overview of the murine colitis models currently employed to test the beneficial effect of the probiotic strains as well as an overview of the probiotics already tested. Our aim is to highlight both the importance of the adequate selection of the animal model to test the potential probiotic strains and of the value of the knowledge generated by these in vivo tests.