gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B145: Highly selective pyrazolopyrimidine mTOR inhibitors with profound in vivo antitumor activity (2009)

Abstract The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important target for cancer chemotherapy due to the deregulation of its signaling pathway in a wide spectrum of human tumors. mTOR exists in at least two functional protein complexes: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). While rapamycin and its analogs (rapalogs) inhibit only mTORC1, ATP-competitive inhibitors of mTOR target both mTORC1 and mTORC2 and therefore have the potential for improved anticancer efficacy. We have previously reported on the pyrazolopyrimidine series of ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitors (J. Med. Chem. 2009, 52, 5013 – 5016). We now report that derivatization of the morpholine ring in these inhibitors leads to greatly enhanced mTOR selectivity versus PI3K. Selective mTOR inhibitors have the potential to achieve a higher therapeutic index in the clinic due to better tolerability. Testing these inhibitors in tumor cells and evaluating the most potent analogs in human tumor xenograft models in the nude mouse led to the identification of WYE-125132, a candidate for clinical development. WYE-125132 is also selective versus a wide range of other kinases including the closely-related PIKKs. Detailed structure activity relationships in the pyrazolopyrimidine series will be presented. In conclusion, modification of the morpholine ring of a series of pyrazolopyrimidines leads to analogs with enhanced mTOR selectivity over PI3K and potent efficacy in human tumor xenograft models in the nude mouse. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B145.
Model development for real time optimal control in pipe lines (2013)

A model reference optimal control architecture for the real-time fluid control of eliminating a contaminant plume from a pipe system was introduced in an earlier paper [1]. The mathematical model for the contaminant flow, is now extended and parameterized based on computational fluid dynamic simulations of a two-dimensional (2D) channel. It is also shown, based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, that the 2D-based mathematical model can be used for three-dimensional (3D) pipe flow problem under certain constraints. Finally, we also derive a very simple control law of the flow rate in a boundary port that would remove a contaminant if the flow was a theoretical 2D flow. This simple control law can initialize the iterative process of computing the optimal flow based on a more complex model and real-time measurements. With the results in this article, the optimal control architecture can be tested in the real-time prototype experiments. Further improvements on the mathematical model and control algorithm can be made for real life pipe-line fluid control problems.
Following the Journey of Sea Turtles on Their Quest for Food (2020)

Why is it important to know where turtles look for food? Sadly, many sea turtle species are classified as endangered. Scientists are working very hard to understand where the turtles eat and live. At different stages in a turtle’s life, it requires different types of food that can come from ocean currents, protected bays, or open coastal areas. Knowing which areas the turtles prefer at which stages of their lives will help us locate them and lead to a better way of protecting all turtles, young and old. We have explored new feeding grounds along the North Pacific coast of Costa Rica. This work will help the conservation of these precious animals.
Cooperative gestures (2006)

Multi-user, touch-sensing input devices create opportunities for the use of cooperative gestures -- multi-user gestural interactions for single display groupware. Cooperative gestures are interactions where the system interprets the gestures of more than one user as contributing to a single, combined command. Cooperative gestures can be used to enhance users' sense of teamwork, increase awareness of important system events, facilitate reachability and access control on large, shared displays, or add a unique touch to an entertainment-oriented activity. This paper discusses motivating scenarios for the use of cooperative gesturing and describes some initial experiences with CollabDraw, a system for collaborative art and photo manipulation. We identify design issues relevant to cooperative gesturing interfaces, and present a preliminary design framework. We conclude by identifying directions for future research on cooperative gesturing interaction techniques.
A modified a-law companding scheme for indoor visible light communication (2014)

Visible light communication (VLC) has been received much attention because it simultaneously provides data transmission and illumination without electromagnetic wave interference. However, the modulation using discrete multi-tone (DMT) is possible to suffer from harmful effect of human eye. To solve this problem, this paper introduces the manner of applying constant envelope orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CE-OFDM) to VLC and then proposes optimal companding scheme. The basic idea is to deliberately convert statistical distribution of phase modulator input signal into quasi-uniform distribution using modified A-law companding (MA-law companding). The proposed scheme can bring enhancement of system performance regardless of the scaling constant. Simulation results show that bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed MA-law companding is superior to original CE-OFDM and conventional companding schemes.
Quasi-phase-matching and dispersion characterization of harmonic generation in the perturbative regime using counterpropagating beams (2008)

It is shown theoretically that second harmonic generation can be quasi-phase-matched by using a pump beam consisting of a forward propagating field and a counterpropagating pulse train. The counterpropagating setup can also be used for direct measurement of the coherence length of the nonlinear process which can determine the dispersion properties of the medium.
Assembly of High-Areal-Density Deuterium-Tritium Fuel from Indirectly Driven Cryogenic Implosions (2012)

The National Ignition Facility has been used to compress deuterium-tritium to an average areal density of ~1.0±0.1 g cm(-2), which is 67% of the ignition requirement. These conditions were obtained using 192 laser beams with total energy of 1-1.6 MJ and peak power up to 420 TW to create a hohlraum drive with a shaped power profile, peaking at a soft x-ray radiation temperature of 275-300 eV. This pulse delivered a series of shocks that compressed a capsule containing cryogenic deuterium-tritium to a radius of 25-35 μm. Neutron images of the implosion were used to estimate a fuel density of 500-800 g cm(-3).
The Amino-Terminal Domain of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus NproProtein Is Necessary for Alpha/Beta Interferon Antagonism (2005)

The alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) system is the first line of defense against viral infection and a critical link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. IFN-alpha/beta secretion is the hallmark of cellular responses to acute RNA virus infections. As part of their survival strategy, many viruses have evolved mechanisms to counteract the host IFN-alpha/beta response. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) (genus Pestivirus) was reported to trigger interferon production in infected cultured cells under certain circumstances or to suppress it under others. Our studies with various cultured fibroblasts and epithelial bovine cells indicated that cytopathic (cp) BVDV induces IFN-alpha/beta very inefficiently. Using a set of engineered cp BVDVs expressing mutant Npro and appropriate controls, we found that the IFN-alpha/beta response to infection was dependent on Npro expression and independent of viral replication efficiency. In order to investigate whether the protease activity of Npro is required for IFN-alpha/beta antagonism, we engineered Npro mutants lacking protease activity by replacement of amino acid E22, H49, or C69. We found that E22 and H49 substitutions abolished the ability of Npro to suppress IFN, whereas C69 had no effect, suggesting that the structural integrity of the N terminus of Npro was more important than its catalytic activity for IFN-alpha/beta suppression. A catalytically active mutant with a change at a conserved Npro region near the N terminus (L8P) in both BVDV biotypes did not antagonize IFN-alpha/beta production, confirming its involvement in this process. Taken together, these results not only provide direct evidence for the role of Npro in blocking IFN-alpha/beta induction, but also implicate the amino-terminal domain of the protein in this function.
Rh‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formic Acid in DMSO‐based Reaction Media: Solved and Unsolved Challenges for Process Development (2018)

Abstract Process concepts have been conceived and evaluated for the amine‐free homogeneous catalyzed hydrogenation of CO 2 to formic acid (FA). Base‐free DMSO‐mediated production of FA has been shown to avoid the formation of stable intermediates and presumably the energy‐intensive FA recovery strategies. Here, we address the challenges in the development of an overall process: from catalyst immobilization to the FA isolation. The immobilization of the homogeneous catalyst was achieved using a multiphasic approach ( n ‐heptane/DMSO) ensuring high retention of the catalyst (&gt;99%) and allowing facile separation of the catalyst‐free product phase. We show that the strong molecular interactions between DMSO and FA on the one hand shift the equilibrium towards the product side, on the other hand, lead to the formation of an azeotrope preventing a simple isolation step by distillation. Thus, we devised an isolation strategy based on the use of co‐solvents and computed the energy demands. Acetic acid was identified as best co‐solvent and its compatibility with the catalyst system was experimentally verified. Overall, the outlined process involving DMSO and acetic acid as co‐solvent has a computed energy demand on a par with state‐of‐the art amine‐based processes. However, the insufficient chemical stability of DMSO poses major limitations on processes based on this solvent. magnified image
On Propagation Losses due to In-Vivo Electromagnetic Nanoscale Communication (2019)

In-vivo nano-biosensing has been attracting a lot of interest within the academic research community recently since it plays a major role in the development of personalized nano-medicine technologies and solutions. The implementation of new nano-biosensing systems inside the human body faces the major challenge of modeling the in-vivo communication channel. Several efforts have been reported recently to investigate the main factors that define the characteristics of the in-vivo communication channel. This paper outlines and discusses the factors that contribute to the path loss encountered by an EM wave in-vivo. These include spreading loss of the propagating wave, the loss due to molecular absorption by biological tissue, and the scattering from the body particles.
The impact of acquisition perturbations on land seismic data (2004)

Seismic data quality is adversely affected during acquisition by receiver, source, and system perturbations. We present their impact on a structural image derived from land seismic data, using a geophysical sensitivity chart. This chart is obtained by the application of modeled perturbations to synthetic data, which are processed to stack. It shows the relative significance of the perturbations. The most significant errors that we analyzed were due to statics. Acquisition methods and specifications should ensure that the data quality allows an accurate statics solution. We demonstrate the need to focus on reducing the significant perturbations, such as positioning, elevation, tilt, coupling, and statics. For geophone sensitivity, natural frequency and distortion, specifications/tolerances are adequate. For system gain, distortion and synchronization, specifications/tolerances are more than adequate.
Supplementary 1 from A Novel Anti-CD22 Anthracycline-Based Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) That Overcomes Resistance to Auristatin-Based ADCs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary 1. In vivo efficacy of anti-CD22-vc-MMAE&lt;/p&gt;
Efficient Physics-Based Implementation for Realistic Hand-Object Interaction in Virtual Reality (2018)

We propose an efficient physics-based method for dexterous `real hand' - `virtual object' interaction in Virtual Reality environments. Our method is based on the Coulomb friction model, and we show how to efficiently implement it in a commodity VR engine for realtime performance. This model enables very convincing simulations of many types of actions such as pushing, pulling, grasping, or even dexterous manipulations such as spinning objects between fingers without restrictions on the objects' shapes or hand poses. Because it is an analytic model, we do not require any prerecorded data, in contrast to previous methods. For the evaluation of our method, we conduction a pilot study that shows that our method is perceived more realistic and natural, and allows for more diverse interactions. Further, we evaluate the computational complexity of our method to show real-time performance in VR environments.
Adaptive subpixel cross-correlation in a point correspondence problem (1997)

Precise points matching on the images of a stereopair is one of central problems in the area of machine vision and digital photogrammetry. A lot of publications is devoted to investigations of this problem. Among well-known classical approaches the conventional normalized cross-correlation method occupies first place due to its fundamental importance and vast utilizing in practice during several decades. However, revealing drawbacks of the method connected with non-adaptive geometric properties have brought the creating of new more powerful methods, for example, adaptive least squares correlation [1]. The goal of this article is to provide consequential extension of classical normal cross-correlation that it could gain subpixel accuracy and adaptive geometric properties. It is shown that consecutive normalized cross-correlation application results in problem of a finding a vector of the amendments of six-parameter affine transformation as a generalized eigenvector problem. The theoretical decision of this problem in view of specific structure of matrixes obtained by linearization is offered. Effective algorithm of the numerical solution based on a triangular Cholecky decomposition is proposed. The main result obtained in the present paper is the proof of equivalence of least-square correlation and an adaptive extension of cross-correlation. 1.
Squeezing and Photon-Statistics Measurements of 1550-nm Light Generated by Down-Conversion in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (2006)

3 dB of measured squeezing is reported for pulsed 1550-nm light generated by down-conversion in bulk PPLN. Using different pump focuses, single- and coincidence-counts in agreement with both thermal and Poissonian photon-pair distributions were obtained.
Optimal combined task and message scheduling in distributed real-time systems (2002)

In this paper we present a branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm for combined task and message scheduling in distributed hard real-time systems. The algorithm finds an optimal schedule for a set of communicating tasks with known arrival times, precedence constraints, and resource requirements in conjunction with the assignment and scheduling of intertask messages over communication links. The schedule is "optimal" in the sense of minimizing maximum task lateness under a heuristic message priority assignment found during the search. A robotics application is used to illustrate the utility and potential of the algorithm. Results of an extensive simulation study analyzing its performance are also presented.
Deescalation (2016)

Ad Libitum5 January 2016DeescalationStanley Cohen, MDStanley Cohen, MDFrom Atlanta, Georgia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-2106 Audio Reading - “Deescalation” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Deescalation," by S. Cohen. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What do you do when you come from the hospital when the ventilator has stoppedall the miles of polyethylenepulling and pushing fluids before,now hang limp, to no avail?The kitchen, the mirrors, the bedwhere you both rested headsG-d, not his pillowNo, not his closet and the clotheshe'll never wear.Only a shroud covering his face hovering over the rest of lifemay as well drape over the house,house that was once collectively yours that now seems so much hisHow do you cook and contend answer the phone look at the mail pray for an endNeed you bother?What do you do when you come from the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Atlanta, Georgia.Current Author Address: Stanley Cohen, MD, Children's Center for Digestive Health Care, 993D Johnson Ferry Road, #440, Atlanta, GA 30342; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Deescalation” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Deescalation," by S. Cohen. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 January 2016Volume 164, Issue 1Page: 61KeywordsChild healthChildrenCombined antiretroviral therapyHealth careOintmentsStainingVentilators ePublished: 5 January 2016 Issue Published: 5 January 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Toward a digital stage architecture: a long-term research agenda in digitally enabled theater (2001)

Since 1991, the Gertrude Stein Repertory Theatre (GSRT) has been pursuing a unique research agenda, attempting to develop a theater style and theory based on digital technology. The approach has its aesthetic roots in Japanese Bunraku-style puppetry, Meyerhold's, biomechanics movement training, and Bharatta Natyam and other forms of Indian dance and performing arts. These traditions offer guidance in creating stylized characters using dramatic effects, which are external to the performer, as opposed to the more naturalistic Stanislavski and Actors Studio performance styles. Digitally enhanced production processes (rehearsal, training, and artistic collaboration) would make true global, multicultural performances possible. We can create sets and characters with computer-generated animation and modeling tools. Audiences might participate via the Internet or advanced broadband networks or attend public performance in specially equipped spaces.
Heat‐activated pressure sensitive adhesives for linerless labels (2018)

ABSTRACT Pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) suitable for use in label applications without a silicone‐coated release liner (so‐called “linerless” labels) were developed utilizing heat‐activated adhesive formulations comprised of dispersed styrenic block copolymers (SIS), dispersed plasticizers, and dispersed tackifiers. Various grades of SIS were investigated, as well as several different dispersants. The best results were obtained with an SIS polymer with 19% diblock dispersed with a long‐chain primary carboxylic acid. Of the four plasticizers studied, sucrose benzoate resulted in the best combination of high peel and low blocking in the end‐use application. Peel forces upwards of 10 N/25 cm were obtained for the heat‐activated adhesive, indicating their applicability for many label applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47048.
Differential incretin effects of GIP and GLP-1 on gastric emptying, appetite, and insulin-glucose homeostasis (2010)

The incretin effect of GIP and GLP-1 differs as GLP-1 exerts a strong glucoregulatory incretin through inhibition of gastric emptying, which GIP does not. Thus, GLP-1 as incretin mimetic may offer unique benefits in terms of weight loss in treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Recent advances in removal of toxic elements from water using MOFs: A critical review (2022)

Water pollution with potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) has seriously threatened the environment and human health globally. Their widespread occurrence at varied toxic levels and in different chemical forms has made remediation measures a cumbersome task. Furthermore, recent trends of PTE release via natural and/or human sources have further portended numerous detrimental events. Hence, effective remediation of PTE-contaminated aqueous media is highly substantial. Among various adsorbents, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recently characterized and tested being versatile and highly effective adsorbents for remediating pollutant/PTE-contaminated aqueous media. Owing to their plethora of structures and numerous intrinsic characteristics (high adjustability, porosity, surface area, selectivity, reusability, and structural stability), MOFs have lately received an obvious consideration in environmental remediation and analytical chemistry. This review initially summarized the most recent data (2018–2022) about PTE water contamination (rivers, lakes, canals, groundwater, city, and industrial wastewater). Then the review comprehensively highlighted the effects of synthesis techniques/conditions and post-synthetic functionalization’s on MOF structural morphology by critically conferring the underlying mechanisms. Review summarizes MOF limitations apropos their large-scale industrial applications. The latest advancements regarding MOF syntheses and structural morphology to enhance their industrial applications have been updated and critically discussed. Likewise, the stability, selectivity, reusability, and multi-metal/pollutant removal potential of MOFs have been delineated using recent findings. Finally, the future perspectives have been put forth keeping in view the recent trends and potential research gaps. This review will act as guidelines for future studies of MOF-mediated PTE removal from wastewaters.
My Eyes Hurt: Effects of Jitter in 3D Gaze Tracking (2022)

Jitter, small fluctuations in the signal, is one of the major sources for a decrease in motor performance and a negative user experience in virtual reality (VR) systems. Current technologies still cannot eliminate jitter in VR systems, especially in the eye-gaze tracking systems embedded in many head-mounted displays. In this work, we used an HTC Vive Pro Eye, artificially added 0.5&#x00B0;, 1&#x00B0;, and 1.5&#x00B0; jitter to the eye-tracking data, and analyzed user performance in an ISO 9241: 411 pointing task with targets at 1 or 2 meters visual distance using angular Fitts&#x0027; law. The results showed that the user&#x0027;s error rate significantly increases with increased jitter levels. No significant difference was observed for time and throughput. Additionally, we observed a significant decrease in performance in terms of time, error rate, and accuracy for the more distant targets. We hope that our results guide researchers, practitioners, and developers towards better gaze-tracking-based VR applications.