gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions between amides in solution and the thermodynamics of weak binding (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInteractions between amides in solution and the thermodynamics of weak bindingWilliam L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 10, 3770–3771Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00192a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00192a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views504Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sub-millisecond post exposure bake of chemically amplified resists by CO 2 laser heat treatment (2010)

Chemically amplified photoresists require a post exposure bake (PEB), typically on a hot plate at 90-150&deg;C for 30-120 seconds, to catalytically deprotect the polymer backbone. During PEB, excessive diffusion of the photo-generated acid results in loss of line edge definition, blurring of latent images and changes in the line edge roughness. Both acid diffusion and deprotection are thermally activated processes, with the relative rates affected by the time/temperature profile of the PEB. In this work, we introduce an alternate PEB method involving 500 &mu;s time scale heating over a temperature range of 130&deg;C to 450&deg;C using a continuous wave CO<sub>2</sub> laser. A methodology is developed for characterizing this laser PEB and comparing the behavior with conventional hot plate PEB. The thermal stability of several polymer and photoacid generator (PAG) resist systems were studied and shown to be stable at these high temperatures due to the short heating duration. Sensitivity of resists under hot plate and laser PEB were measured. Under moderate temperatures, the laser PEB sensitivity can exceed that of hot plate PEB by an order of magnitude. Quantitative determination of the acid diffusion was obtained using resist bilayers (PAG loaded / PAG free). Despite the five orders of magnitude difference in PEB time, systems with l-PEB and hot-plate PEB exhibit comparable imaging quality under deep ultraviolet exposure.
A synthesis of (–)-1L-1-deoxy-1-fluoro-myo-inositol; a compound of potential use in sorting out the phosphatidylinositol response (1988)

A. P. Kozikowski, Y. Xia and J. M. Rusnak, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1988, 1301 DOI: 10.1039/C39880001301
Situation assessment for human-robot interactive object manipulation (2011)

In daily human interactions spatial reasoning occupies an important place. With this ability we can build relations between objects and people, and we can predict the capabilities and the knowledge of the people around us. An interactive robot is also expected to have these abilities in order to establish an efficient and natural interaction. In this paper we present a situation assessment reasoner, based on spatial reasoning and perspective taking, which generates on-line relations between objects and agents in the environment. Being fully integrated to a complete architecture, this reasoner sends the generated symbolic knowledge to a fact data base which is built on the basis on an ontology and which is accessible to the entire system. This work is also part of a broader effort to develop a complete decisional framework for human-robot interactive task achievement.
Tuning the Performance of Low-Pt Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Electrodes Derived from Fe2O3@Pt/C Core–Shell Catalyst Prepared by an in Situ Anchoring Strategy (2012)

A low-Pt electrode with high performance and durability characteristic has been realized for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications from a carbon-supported Fe2O3@Pt core–shell catalyst prepared by a process involving in situ surface modification-cum-anchoring strategy. The process is based on an in-house-developed methodology for generating and interlocking the core–shell nanoparticles on the surface of the carbon substrate, which undergoes functionalization in the reaction medium itself by the intervention of the reducing agent employed in the reaction. Ascorbic acid, which was used as the reducing agent in the process, played a crucial role by making use of its multifunctional activities as reducing agent, stabilizing agent, as well as capping agent in addition to its efficiency in functionalizing the carbon surface during the course of the reaction. The formation of core–shell nanostructures could be confirmed by XRD, HR-TEM, and cyclic voltammetric analysis. The oxygen reduction property and the performance during the single cell evaluations were found to be strongly influenced by the thickness of the catalyst layer owing to the ohmic contribution from the higher mass fraction of the less conductive Fe2O3 core. However, when the thickness of the catalyst layer was kept within the threshold level, Fe2O3@Pt catalyst clearly outperforms the commercial Pt/C catalyst. This benefit of the core–shell catalyst enabled it to display a maximum power density of 900 mW/cm2 with a significantly low cathode Pt loading of 0.05 mg/cm2. An accelerated durability assessment of the membrane electrode assembly for 10 h gave consistent performance characteristics. The study gave convincing evidence on the feasibility of using the electrodes derived from the core–shell catalyst prepared by the in situ anchoring strategy for developing cost competitive systems and miniature cells for niche applications.
Molecular Insight into Intrinsic Heme Distortion in Ligand Binding in Hemoprotein (2010)

A pair of myoglobins containing inherently distorted alpha-ethyl-2,4-dimethyldeuteroheme or undistorted 2,4-dimethyldeuteroheme were prepared, and the functional consequence of intrinsic heme deformation was investigated. The visible absorption peaks of the myoglobin bearing the distorted heme exhibited a bathochromic shift, indicating that the heme was deformed in the protein pocket. Ligand affinities for the ferric myoglobin with the distorted heme were found to be higher than those of the myoglobin bearing the undistorted heme. The observation suggested that the iron atom was more displaced toward the proximal histidine to weaken the coordination of the water molecule. In the paramagnetic proton NMR spectrum of ferrous deoxy protein, the deformed heme caused a 3.2 ppm lower-field shift of the proximal histidine signal, supporting an enhanced iron-histidine interaction. The deformed heme in ferrous myoglobin lowered the oxygen and carbon monoxide affinities by 25- and 480-fold, respectively, and caused the cleavage of the iron-histidine bond in a fractional population of the nitric oxide derivative. These results demonstrate a distinctive controlling mechanism for ligand binding by the deformed heme. Upon the heme distortion, the iron atom is more attracted by the proximal histidine to reduce the affinity of exogenous ligands for the ferrous heme.
Aurora B-dependent Ndc80 Degradation Regulates Kinetochore Composition in Meiosis (2019)

ABSTRACT The kinetochore complex is a conserved machinery that connects chromosomes to spindle microtubules. During meiosis, the kinetochore is restructured to accommodate a specialized chromosome segregation pattern. In budding yeast, meiotic kinetochore remodeling is mediated by the temporal changes in the abundance of a single subunit called Ndc80. We have previously described the regulatory events that control the timely synthesis of Ndc80. Here, we report that Ndc80 turnover is also tightly regulated in meiosis: Ndc80 degradation is active in meiotic prophase, but not in metaphase I. Ndc80 degradation depends on the ubiquitin ligase APC Ama1 and is mediated by the proteasome. Importantly, Aurora B-dependent Ndc80 phosphorylation, a mark that has been previously implicated in correcting erroneous microtubule–kinetochore attachments, is essential for Ndc80 degradation in a microtubule-independent manner. The N-terminus of Ndc80, including a 27-residue sequence and Aurora B phosphorylation sites, is both necessary and sufficient for kinetochore protein degradation. Finally, defects in Ndc80 turnover predispose meiotic cells to chromosome mis-segregation. Our study elucidates the mechanism by which meiotic cells modulate their kinetochore composition through regulated Ndc80 degradation, and demonstrates that Aurora B-dependent regulation of kinetochores extends beyond altering microtubule attachments.
Experimental and Analytical Study on the Operation Characteristics of the AHAT System (2011)

Operational flexibility, such as faster start-up time or faster load change rate, and higher thermal efficiency, have become more and more important for recent thermal power systems. The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system has been studied to improve operational flexibility and thermal efficiency of the gas turbine power generation system. AHAT is an original system which substitutes the WAC (water atomization cooling) system for the intercooler system of the HAT cycle. A 3MW pilot plant, which is composed of a gas turbine, a humidification tower, a recuperator and a water recovery system, was built in 2006 to verify feasibility of the AHAT system. In this paper, ambient temperature effects, part-load characteristics and start-up characteristics of the AHAT system were studied both experimentally and analytically. Also, change in heat transfer characteristics of the recuperator of the 3MW pilot plant was evaluated from November 2006 to February 2010. Ambient temperature effects and part-load characteristics of the 3MW pilot plant were compared with heat and material balance calculation results. Then, these characteristics of the AHAT and the CC (combined cycle) systems were compared assuming they were composed of mid-sized industrial gas turbines. The measured cold start-up time of the 3MW AHAT pilot plant was about 60min, which was dominated by the heat capacities of the plant equipment. The gas turbine was operated a total of 34 times during this period (November 2006 to February 2010), but no interannual changes were observed in pressure drops, temperature effectiveness, and the overall heat transfer coefficient of the recuperator.
A spliced form of CD44 expresses the unique glycan that is recognized by the prostate cancer specific antibody F77 (2017)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer occurring in men in the United States. The monoclonal antibody F77 that was originally developed in our laboratory recognizes mainly glycolipids as well as O-linked glycosylation on proteins in prostate cancer cells. We have identified a spliced form of glycoprotein CD44 as one critical protein expressing the F77 antigen. The F77-specific glycosylation occurs on multiple potential glycosylation sites on the CD44 protein encoded by the fourteenth exon. CD44 is a tumor stem cell marker and is known to induce tumor stemness and metastasis. Knockdown of CD44 or FUT1 genes dramatically reduced F77-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. We developed an ELISA using both a CD44 antibody and F77 to identify the special form of glycosylated CD44 from prostate cancer cells as well as from serum samples of prostate cancer patients. These results reveal a CD44-dependent mechanism for F77 to induce tumor cell apoptosis, and a new strategy for the detection of glycosylated CD44 proteins secreted by prostate cancer cells.
Digital signal processor-based probabilistic fuzzy neural network control of in-wheel motor drive for light electric vehicle (2012)

A digital signal processor (DSP)-based probabilistic fuzzy neural network (PFNN) control is proposed in this study to control an in-wheel motor drive using a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for light electric vehicle (LEV). First, the dynamics of LEV and in-wheel motor drive system with lumped uncertainty are described in detail. Then, a feedback linearisation control is designed to control the in-wheel motor drive system. Moreover, a non-linear disturbance observer (NDO) is applied to estimate the lumped uncertainty for the designed feedback linearisation control. However, the system response is degraded by the existed observer error. In order to achieve the required control performance of LEV, the PFNN control is developed for the control of the in-wheel motor drive system. The network structure and its on-line learning algorithm using delta adaptation law of the PFNN are derived. Moreover, a 32-bit fixed-point DSP, TMS320F2812, is adopted for the implementation of the proposed intelligent controlled drive system. Finally, some experimental results are illustrated to show the validity of the proposed PFNN control for in-wheel motor drive system.
Phenolic acetals from lignins of varying compositions via iron(iii) triflate catalysed depolymerisation (2017)

A small lignin library was used to study the relationship between the lignin structure and the aromatic product yields during acidolysis.
Bi-directional signaling strategies for dynamic TDD networks (2015)

This paper investigates several bi-directional signaling strategies to facilitate decentralized beamformer design in a dynamic time division duplexing (TDD) system. A small-cell network with multi-antenna base stations and user terminals is considered, where the cells are operating either in uplink or downlink mode depending on the instantaneous traffic demand. Decentralized beamformer design is proposed to maximize the weighted sum rate of the network subjected to individual power constraints at BSs and user terminals. The weighted sum mean-squared error (MSE) minimization framework is used to decouple the optimization problem across the nodes, which enables decentralized iterative solution. Iterative algorithms are proposed with the different bi-directional signaling schemes embedded into the TDD frame structure. A detailed signaling flow of exchanging beamformer and channel information is described for each bi-directional signaling strategy. The proposed strategies are compared with the uncoordinated system while taking into account the signaling overhead.
Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease: the case for multiparametric imaging (2009)

Interventions to treat coronary artery disease are available but they must be targeted at the correct individuals (and indeed lesions), in order to gain maximal benefit with the minimal adverse effects. Coronary contrast angiography is not able to provide all the information required for the assessment of the effects of artery disease. Other imaging modalities are of growing importance as they can reduce radiation exposure and invasiveness of screening, as well as providing important extra information. The ideal 'multiparametric' imaging technique would assess anatomy, viability and lesion activity in a single quick scan. Currently, MRI is the technology closest to achieving this ideal, although the existing technology still has some limitations. This review discusses the currently available techniques for the imaging of coronary anatomy and of myocardial viability, and considers their benefits and limitations. We also discuss the developing field of imaging molecularly targeted to active coronary lesions. Finally we provide a 5-year view of the current and likely future optimal imaging strategies.
Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (2002)

Fann, James I.Editor(s): Sobel, BE; Maseri, A; Yacoub, M; Schmoker, Joseph D. Author Information
Design Methodology (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Methodology CAD Tools for MEMS
A noise coupled ΣΔ architecture using a Non Uniform Quantizer (2015)

A low power Discrete Time Sigma Delta modulator (DT SDM) for sensor applications is described in this paper. A third order noise shaping is reached with a second order loop filter due to the use of a noise coupling technique at the input of the quantizer. Using a Non Uniform Quantizer (NUQ) the hardware complexity is reduced. This architecture is suitable for high dynamic range sensor applications with some compression. Conventional mismatch shaping techniques can still be used to enhance linearity if a segmented DAC is used. At low amplitudes the NUQ is linearized by the noise coupling loop. A simulation example is presented, achieving a dynamic range of 103dB and a peak SNDR of 93dB over 25KHz bandwidth, and using a 1.6MHz clock.
Mechanical Interaction of the Pericardium and Cardiac Function in the Normal and Hypertensive Rat Heart (2022)

The pericardium is a thin connective tissue membrane that surrounds the heart and is an integral regulatory component of cardiopulmonary performance. Pathological growth and remodeling of the right ventricle (RV) stemming from structural heart diseases are thought to include a significant role of the pericardium, but its exact role remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate potential biomechanical adaptations of the pericardium in response to pulmonary hypertension and their effects on heart behavior. Integrated computational-experimental modeling of the heart offers a robust platform to achieve this objective. We built upon our recently developed high-fidelity finite-element models of healthy and hypertensive rodent hearts via addition of the pericardial sac. In-silico experiments were performed to investigate changes in pericardium reserve elasticity and their effects on cardiac function in hypertensive hearts. Our results suggest that contractile forces would need to increase in the RV and decrease in the left ventricle (LV) in the hypertensive heart to compensate for reductions in pericardium reserve elasticity. The discrepancies between chamber responses to pericardium addition result, in part, from differences in the impact of pericardium on the RV and LV preload. We further demonstrated the capability of our platform to predict the effect of pericardiectomy on heart function. Consistent with previous results, the effect of pericardiectomy on the chamber pressure-volume loop was the largest in the hypertensive RV. These insights are expected to motivate further computational investigations of the effect of pericardiectomy on cardiac function which remains an important factor in surgical planning of constrictive pericarditis and coronary artery bypass grafting.
Early Termination of Convex QP Solvers in Mixed-Integer Programming for Real-Time Decision Making (2021)

The branch-and-bound optimization algorithm for mixed-integer model predictive control (MI-MPC) solves several convex quadratic program relaxations, but often the solutions are discarded based on already known integer feasible solutions. This paper presents a projection and early termination strategy for infeasible interior point methods to reduce the computational effort of finding a globally optimal solution for MI-MPC. The method is shown to be also effective for infeasibility detection of the convex relaxations. We present numerical simulation results with a reduction of the total number of solver iterations by 42% for an MI-MPC example of decision making for automated driving with obstacle avoidance constraints.
Towards Real-Time Search Planning in Subsea Environments (2017)

We address the challenge of computing search paths in real-time for subsea applications where the goal is to locate an unknown number of targets on the seafloor. Our approach maximizes a formal definition of search effectiveness given finite search effort. We account for false positive measurements and variation in the performance of the search sensor due to geographic variation of the seafloor. We compare near-optimal search paths that can be computed in real-time with optimal search paths for which real-time computation is infeasible. We show how sonar data acquired for locating targets at a specific location can also be used to characterize the performance of the search sonar at that location. Our approach is illustrated with numerical experiments where search paths are planned using sonar data previously acquired from Boston Harbor.
ENDOSCOPIC SUPRACEREBELLAR INFRATENTORIAL APPROACH FOR PINEAL CYST RESECTION (2008)

The endoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach involves minimal brain retraction, poses no risk to the fornices, allows visualization and avoidance of the Galenic veins, and can be performed regardless of the size of the ventricle. Consequently, it is an excellent minimally invasive surgical option for resection or fenestration of symptomatic pineal cysts.
Coherent Photon Scattering and Direct Imaging of the Iso-frequency Contours in Large-area Photonic Crystal Slabs (2015)

While the absorption of light can be enhanced using optical resonances in a photonic crystal slab, the characteristics of resonance-enhanced scattering are much less studied. Here, we present an analytical model of resonance-enhanced photon scattering from generic fabrication errors and surface roughness, which agrees well with our experimental results. This phenomenon provides a new method to measure the photonic band structure and to directly map the iso-frequency contours of large-area photonic crystal slabs. Additionally, the iso-frequency contours provide information about the characteristics of the disorder and serve as a feedback tool to improve fabrication processes.
The Total Synthesis of the Annonaceous Acetogenin, Muricatetrocin C (2000)

Eine hoch diastereoselektive Hetero-Diels-Alder-Reaktion, eine O-C-Umlagerung sowie eine Desymmetrisierung sind drei neue Reaktionen, die im Rahmen der Totalsynthese von Muricatetrocin C, einem Annonin-Acetogenin, entwickelt und mit Erfolg eingesetzt wurden.
Nd3+ ion diffusion during sintering of Nd:YAG transparent ceramics (2008)

Using an electron microprobe, we measured and characterized the Nd{sup 3+} ion diffusion across a boundary between Nd doped and undoped ceramic yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) for different temperature ramps and hold times and temperatures. The results show significant Nd ion diffusion on the order of micrometers to tens of micrometers depending on the time and temperature of sintering. The data fit well a model including bulk diffusion, grain boundary diffusion and grain growth. Grain boundary diffusion dominates and grain growth limits grain boundary diffusion by reducing the total cross sectional area of grain boundaries.
Loose source routing as a mechanism for traffic policies (2004)

Internet packet delivery policies have been of concern since the earliest times of the Internet, as witnessed by the presence of the Type of Service (ToS) field in the IPv4 header. Efforts continue today with Differentiated Services (DiffServ) and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). We claim that these approaches have not succeeded because they require, either explicitly or subtly, a network-layer virtual circuit mechanism.In this paper, we describe how adding a form of Loose Source and Record Route (LSRR) capability into the next-generation Internet provides adequate support for transmit and receive policies, including filtering, while avoiding the problems of virtual circuits and the original problems with LSRR in IPv4.