gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of the photosynthetic membranes of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides: biochemical and morphological studies (1984)

Cells of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides grown in a 25% O2 atmosphere were rapidly subjected to total anaerobiosis in the presence of light to study the progression of events associated with the de novo synthesis of the inducible intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM). This abrupt change in physiological conditions resulted in the immediate cessation of cell growth and whole cell protein, DNA, and phospholipid accumulation. Detectable cell growth and whole cell protein accumulation resumed ca. 12 h later. Bulk phospholipid accumulation paralleled cell growth, but the synthesis of individual phospholipid species during the adaptation period suggested the existence of a specific regulatory site in phospholipid synthesis at the level of the phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase system. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy showed that aerobic cells contain small indentations within the cell membrane that appear to be converted into discrete ICM invaginations within 1 h after the imposition of anaerobiosis. Microscopic examination also revealed a series of morphological changes in ICM structure and organization during the lag period before the initiation of photosynthetic growth. Bacteriochlorophyll synthesis and the formation of the two light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll-protein complexes of R. sphaeroides (B800-850 and B875) occurred coordinately within 2 h after the shift to anaerobic conditions. Using antibodies prepared against various ICM-specific polypeptides, the synthesis of reaction center proteins and the polypeptides associated with the B800-850 complex was monitored. The reaction center H polypeptide was immunochemically detected at low levels in the cell membrane of aerobic cells, which contained no detectable ICM or bacteriochlorophyll. The results are discussed in terms of the oxygen-dependent regulation of gene expression in R. sphaeroides and the possible role of the reaction center H polypeptide and the cell membrane indentations in the site-specific assembly of ICM pigment-protein complexes during the de novo synthesis of the ICM.
Cooling Rate Effects on the Structure of 45S5 Bioglass: Computational\n and Experimental Evidence of Si--P Avoidance (2019)

Due to its ability to bond with living tissues upon dissolution, 45S5\nbioglass and related compositions are promising materials for the replacement,\nregeneration, and repair of hard tissues in the human body. However, the\ndetails of their atomic structure remain unclear. This is partially due to the\nnon-equilibrium nature of glasses, as their non-crystalline structure is highly\ndependent on their thermal history, namely, the cooling rate used during\nquenching. Herein, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and magic angle\nspinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy experiments, we\ninvestigate the structure of the nominal 45S5 bioglass composition prepared\nusing cooling rates ranging over several orders of magnitude. We show that the\nsimulations results are in very good agreement with experimental data, provided\nthat they are extrapolated toward lower cooling rates achieved in experiments.\nThese results highlight that previously reported inconsistencies between\nsimulations and experiments stem from the difference in cooling rate, thereby\naddressing one of the longstanding questions on the structure of bioglass.\nBased on these results, we demonstrate the existence of a Si--P avoidance\nbehavior, which may be key in controlling the bioactivity of 45S5 bioglass.\n
Co-Located vs Distributed vs Semi-Distributed MIMO: Measurement-Based Evaluation (2020)

With the growing interest in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the benefits of single-antenna access points (APs) versus multi-antenna APs must be analyzed in order to optimize deployment. In this paper, we compare various antenna system topologies based on achievable downlink spectral efficiency, using both measured and synthetic channel data in an indoor environment. We assume multi-user scenarios, analyzing both conjugate beamforming (or maximum-ratio transmission (MRT)) and zero-forcing (ZF) precoding methods. The results show that the semi-distributed multi-antenna APs can reduce the number of APs, and still achieve the comparable achievable rates as the fully-distributed single-antenna APs with the same total number of antennas.
Development of nonresonant ultrasonic motor with sub-nanometer resolution (2003)

Precise positioning, which is the base technology for ultra-precise treatments, is highly essential in semiconductor LSI circuits, bio-cells, molecular sensors, and quantum devices. Conflicting performances, high-speed, long-stroke, and high-resolution have been achieved by using die nonresonant ultrasonic motor (NRUSM) controlled under the piezoelectric effect. One of the notable features of the NRUSM is do the frequency of the driving voltage can be varied in a wide range, which means the motion control of the NRUSM can be done by both the amplitude and frequency The maximum stage feed velocity is 140 mm/s with average acceleration of 2200 mm/s/sup 2/ in the 100 mm stroke under open-loop control. 100 nm step response with /spl plusmn/0.69 nm positioning accuracy is completed in 0.35 s under closed-loop control.
Prevention of Complete TTP Relapses by Immediate Initiation of Rituximab Treatment. (2007)

Abstract Plasma exchange (PE) is the treatment of choice in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patients. The use of PE has decreased the mortality rate of TTP from 90 to 10–30%. However PE is costly, technically demanding and often associated with serious complications such as infection and/or transfusions reactions. Some patients are also unresponsive to PE. In recent studies patients with refractory TTP have achieved sustained remission after Rituximab treatment. Patients with chronic TTP are very often afraid of PE. We cared for 4 anxious patients, who refused PE treatment on the one side and demanded treatment in their early phase of relapse on the other side. Therefore we treated 4 patients with a beginning relapse of TTP with Rituximab (375 mg/m2/week) before onset of symptoms. The 4 patients had already suffered from 10, 3, 4 and 5 relapses. Due to close control of laboratory data in an 8 or 12 weekly interval it was possible to detect deterioration of laboratory data (decrease of platelets &lt;50.000, increase of LDH&gt;500 U/l, decrease of ADAMTS-13 activity to &lt;6.5%, increase of inhibitor to ADAMTS-13 &gt;4BU and detection of schistocytes in the blood smear). Already after the first or second Rituximab dose a significant effect on the laboratory data was seen (increase of platelets &gt;100.000, decrease of LDH to normal values, increase and normalization of ADAMTS-13 activity, decrease of inhibitor titer and disappearance of schistocytes). In the mean observation time (3–12 months) no deterioration of laboratory data and no TTP symptoms were observed. No side effects of Rituximab occurred. Based on our experience we recommend close control of laboratory parameters and an immediate treatment before onset of symptoms in patients with impending relapses. Up to now the reasons for these rapid effects of Rituximab are not fully understood. Other mechanisms of Rituximab treatment in TTP compared to lymphoma therapy might be possible.
Synthesis and reactivity ratios of regioisomeric vinyl-1,2,3-triazoles with styrene (2013)

The free radical reactivity ratios between styrene and different vinyl-1,2,3-triazole regioisomeric monomers in 1,4-dioxane at 65 °C have been established using nonlinear least square method. The results obtained for the reactivity ratio between regioisomers show exceptionally different polymerization behavior, highlighting the effects of the electronic and steric factors of these regioisomeric monomers. The experimental results highlight the effects of the electronic and sterics on the copolymerization behavior. In case of 1,4-vinyl-triazoles, it was found that without the steric effects, the reactivity is very similar to that of styrene and forms random copolymers. However, it was found that 1,5-vinyl-triazoles are more reactive than 1,4-vinyl triazoles. In the case of styrene-co-1,4-vinyl-1,2,3-triazoles, the reactivity ratios were calculated to be rstyrene: r1-octyl-4-vinyl-triazole = 1.97:0.54, rstyrene : r1-benzyl-4-vinyl-triazole = 1.62:0.50, and rstyrene: r1-methyl-4-vinyl-triazole = 0.90:0.87. On the other hand, reactivity ratios for styrene-co-1,5-vinyl-1,2,3-triazoles were found to be rstyrene: r1-octyl-5-vinyl-triazole = 0.13:0.66 and rstyrene: r1-benzyl-5-vinyl-triazole = 0.34:0.49. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3359–3364
Modulation of an n→π* interaction with α-fluoro groups (2010)

Noncovalent interactions play an essential role in biological and chemical processes. In the main chain of common protein secondary structures, the lone pair (n) of a carbonyl oxygen is delocalized into the antibonding orbital (π*) of the subsequent carbonyl group. Herein, experimental and computational data reveal that this n→π* interaction can be attenuated by the inductive electron withdrawal of one or two α-fluoro groups in the donor. The steric effect of three α-fluoro groups, however, overcomes the inductive withdrawal. These data evoke a means to modulate the n→π* interaction in peptides, proteins, and other systems.
Anti-Trypanosomal Proteasome Inhibitors Cure Hemolymphatic and Meningoencephalic Murine Infection Models of African Trypanosomiasis (2020)

Current anti-trypanosomal therapies suffer from problems of longer treatment duration, toxicity and inadequate efficacy, hence there is a need for safer, more efficacious and 'easy to use' oral drugs. Previously, we reported the discovery of the triazolopyrimidine (TP) class as selective kinetoplastid proteasome inhibitors with in vivo efficacy in mouse models of leishmaniasis, Chagas Disease and African trypanosomiasis (HAT). For the treatment of HAT, development compounds need to have excellent penetration to the brain to cure the meningoencephalic stage of the disease. Here we describe detailed biological and pharmacological characterization of triazolopyrimidine compounds in HAT specific assays. The TP class of compounds showed single digit nanomolar potency against <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense</i> strains. These compounds are trypanocidal with concentration-time dependent kill and achieved relapse-free cure in vitro. Two compounds, GNF6702 and a new analog NITD689, showed favorable in vivo pharmacokinetics and significant brain penetration, which enabled oral dosing. They also achieved complete cure in both hemolymphatic (blood) and meningoencephalic (brain) infection of human African trypanosomiasis mouse models. Mode of action studies on this series confirmed the 20S proteasome as the target in <i>T. brucei</i>. These proteasome inhibitors have the potential for further development into promising new treatment for human African trypanosomiasis.
Breast calcification micromorphology classification (2022)

This is the first time a lexicon and classification system has been proposed for the micromorphology of breast calcifications, as observed by scanning electron microscopy of histological sections. This will facilitate comparability of observed relationships between micromorphology, mammographic appearance, chemistry and pathology.
Conductive Scanning Probe Characterization and Nanopatterning of Electronic and Energy Materials (2013)

Recent years have seen a proliferation of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques that can probe and manipulate a diverse range of materials and devices. In particular, SPM methods that employ a conductive tip are well suited for probing electronic and electrochemical phenomena of direct relevance to electronic and energy technologies. Conductive SPM is also a versatile nanofabrication tool, which can create nearly arbitrary nanopatterns of oxide, metals, and organics on solid substrates. In this Feature Article, we provide an overview of recent conductive SPM work from our laboratory regarding the characterization and nanopatterning of electronic and energy materials. The discussion begins by describing the methodologies used to characterize organic photovoltaics and transparent conducting oxides. We then illustrate how different SPM techniques are applied to the more complex electrochemical environments presented by Li-ion batteries and other electrochemical systems. Lastly, the use of conductive atomic force microscopy to probe and nanopattern electronically inhomogeneous substrates, such as epitaxial graphene layers on silicon carbide, is presented.
Blind vs. trained channel estimation for an SDMA WLAN (2002)

Wireless LANs (WLANs) offer an alternative to conventional wired LANs in modern organisations that require a flexible network. However, present-day WLANs yield low capacity compared to conventional wired LANs. In a previous study, we showed that the capacity of a WLAN can be increased by space division multiple access (SDMA). The implementation of a SDMA receiver requires a channel estimation algorithm. Therefore, we compared both a blind and training-based algorithm for channel estimation in an SDMA WLAN. In this paper we present the semi-analytic simulations based on a ray-tracing channel model. For both algorithms we determine (a) the number of symbols needed to obtain a frequency re-use factor of four, (b) compare their robustness and (c) calculate their complexity. As it turns out, the capacity reduction from training can be reduced to a negligible number of symbols (30 in our case study), the training-based algorithm is more robust and the complexity of the blind algorithm exceeds the complexity of the training-based algorithm by one order of magnitude.
Erythropoietic events in cultured embryonic mouse spleen (1976)

The events of erythropoiesis in cultured embryonic mouse spleens isolated on the 12th day of gestation were compared with those occurring in spleens of corresponding gestational days in vivo. It was found that the development of erythroid precursors in the cultured spleen depended on the presence of erythropoietin in the culture medium. A progressive increase in the number of erythroid precursors, with a marked shift to mature cells, was observed in spleens cultured with erythropoietin. Although the origin of the hemocytoblasts in the spleen isolated in the earliest stage of its development remains obscure, the present study provided evidence that erythropoiesis in the embryonic mouse spleen was indigenous to this organ and did not result from colonization of erythroid precursors originating in the liver.
Polysomes Extracted from Escherichia coli by Freeze-Thaw-Lysozyme Lysis (1966)

Polysomes can be extracted from Escherichia coli by freezing and thawing in the presence of lysozyme, followed by treatment with sodium deoxycholate. The method is simple and convenient; the yields consistently high.
Sentencias sobre prestaciones de Seguridad Social con acceso al sistema de recursos (2016)

Appeals on sentencing for social security benefits, specifically unemployment benefit: no access to the appeals when the disputed amount does not exceed annual total of 3000 euros and there is no general involvement of the matter debated
Solution Structure of the B3 DNA Binding Domain of the Arabidopsis Cold-Responsive Transcription Factor RAV1[W] (2004)

The B3 DNA binding domain is shared amongst various plant-specific transcription factors, including factors involved in auxin-regulated and abscisic acid-regulated transcription. Herein, we report the NMR solution structure of the B3 domain of the Arabidopsis thaliana cold-responsive transcription factor RAV1. The structure consists of a seven-stranded open beta-barrel and two alpha-helices located at the ends of the barrel and is significantly similar to the structure of the noncatalytic DNA binding domain of the restriction enzyme EcoRII. An NMR titration experiment revealed a DNA recognition interface that enabled us to propose a structural model of the protein-DNA complex. The locations of the DNA-contacting residues are also likely to be similar to those of the EcoRII DNA binding domain.
A Study of Relaxation Current in High-&lt;tex&gt;$kappa$&lt;/tex&gt;Dielectric Stacks (2004)

Dielectric relaxation currents in SiO/sub 2//Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and SiO/sub 2//HfO/sub 2/ high-/spl kappa/ dielectric stacks are studied in this paper. We studied the thickness dependence, gate voltage polarity dependence and temperature dependence of the relaxation current in high-/spl kappa/ dielectric stacks. It is found that high-/spl kappa/ dielectric stacks show different characteristics than what is expected based on the dielectric material polarization model. By the drain current variation measurement in n-channel MOSFET, we confirm that electron trapping and detrapping in the high-/spl kappa/ dielectric stacks is the cause of the dielectric relaxation current. From substrate injection experiments, it is also concluded that the relaxation current is mainly due to the traps located near the SiO/sub 2//high-/spl kappa/ interface. As the electron trapping induces a serious threshold voltage shift problem, a low trap density at the SiO/sub 2//high-/spl kappa/ interface is a key requirement for high-/spl kappa/ dielectric stack application and reliability in MOS devices.
Comparison of Output Current Ripple in Single and Dual Three-Phase Inverters for Electric Vehicle Motor Drives (2015)

The standard solution for the traction system in battery powered electric vehicles (EVs) is a two-level (2L) inverter feeding a three-phase motor. A simple and effective way to achieve a three-level (3L) inverter in battery-supplied electric vehicles consists of using two standard three-phase 2L inverters with the open-end winding connection of standard three-phase ac motors. The 3L inverter solution can be usefully adopted in EVs since it combines several benefits such as current ripple reduction, increment of phase motor voltage with limited voltage ratings of the two battery banks, improvement in system reliability, etc. The reduction in current ripple amplitude is particularly relevant since it is a source of electromagnetic interference and audio noise from the inverter-motor power connection cables and from the motor itself. By increasing the inverter switching frequency the ripple amplitude is reduced, but the drive efficiency decreases due to the proportionally increased switching losses. In this paper the peak-to-peak ripple amplitude of the dual-2L inverter is evaluated and compared with the corresponding ripple of the single-2L inverter, considering the same voltage and power motor ratings. The ripple analysis is carried out as a function of the modulation index to cover the whole modulation range of the inverter, and the theoretical results are verified with experimental tests carried out by an inverter-motor drive prototype.
Data from Targeting Metabolic Scavenging in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Pancreatic tumor metabolism is rewired to facilitate survival and growth in a nutrient-depleted environment. This leads to a unique dependence on metabolic recycling and scavenging pathways, including NAD salvage. Targeting this pathway in pancreatic cancer disrupts metabolic homeostasis and impairs tumor growth. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(1); 6–8. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Levels of tonic BCR signaling predict response to the Btk inhibitor PCI-32765 (2008)

2396 PCI-32765 is an orally bioavailable, covalent, and selective inhibitor of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (Btk). We have shown previously that PCI-32765 inhibits B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, induces apoptosis in a subset of lymphoma cell lines, and suppresses tumor growth in B cell lymphoma xenograft models (Blood 110:475A). To identify biomarkers that correlate with response to PCI-32765 we began by investigating phosphorylation events in the BCR signal transduction pathway. We used a panel of phospho-specific antibodies that recognize activating phosphorylation sites in Syk, Btk, BLNK, PLC-γ1, PLC-γ2, Erk, and Akt and tested the effects of PCI-32765 on both basal phosphorylation and phosphorylation following BCR stimulation driven by cross-linking with anti-IgM or anti-IgG. We examined phosphorylation patterns in both a PCI-32765 sensitive cell line (DOHH2) and a PCI-32765 resistant cell line (Ramos). We found that PCI-32765 inhibits most BCR-stimulus induced phosphorylation events with similar potency in both cell lines. However, when we examined basal phosphorylation levels, we found higher basal phosphorylation in DOHH2 compared to Ramos, with phospho-Erk (pErk) in particular indicating higher levels of tonic signaling in DOHH2. Furthermore, PCI-32765 significantly decreased pErk levels in unstimulated DOHH2 cells (IC50
N-acetylaspartylglutamate: an endogenous peptide with high affinity for a brain "glutamate" receptor. (1983)

A brain peptide with high affinity (420 nM) and marked specificity for brain receptor sites labeled with L-[3H]glutamate has been identified. Amino acid analysis and mass spectroscopy indicate that the peptide is N-acetylaspartylglutamate. The peptide exhibits potent convulsant properties when injected into the rat hippocampus, similar to those produced by the glutamate receptor agonist, quisqualic acid. These findings raise the question whether endogenous brain peptides enriched in acidic amino acids may serve as excitatory neurotransmitters.
Synthesis of α-Hydroxy Ketones from Vicinal Diols by Selective Dehydrogenation over Ir–ReOx/SiO2 Catalyst (2013)

Abstract Rhenium oxide-modified Ir/SiO2 (Ir–ReOx/SiO2) catalyst shows high activity and selectivity for the dehydrogenation of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol to 2-hydroxycyclohexanone in water solvent under Ar. Linear vicinal diols bearing two secondary hydroxy groups or both a primary hydroxy group and a secondary hydroxy group can also be transformed to the corresponding α-hydroxy ketones in high selectivities. Ir–ReOx/SiO2 can be reused at least four times without loss of activity and selectivity.
Innovative boron nitride-doped propellants (2015)

The U.S. military has a need for more powerful propellants with balanced/stoichiometric amounts of fuel and oxidants. However, balanced and more powerful propellants lead to accelerated gun barrel erosion and markedly shortened useful barrel life. Boron nitride (BN) is an interesting potential additive for propellants that could reduce gun wear effects in advanced propellants (US patent pending 2015-026P). Hexagonal boron nitride is a good lubricant that can provide wear resistance and lower flame temperatures for gun barrels. Further, boron can dope steel, which drastically improves its strength and wear resistance, and can block the formation of softer carbides. A scalable synthesis method for producing boron nitride nano-particles that can be readily dispersed into propellants has been developed. Even dispersion of the nano-particles in a double-base propellant has been demonstrated using a solvent-based processing approach. Stability of a composite propellant with the BN additive was verified. In this paper, results from propellant testing of boron nitride nano-composite propellants are presented, including closed bomb and wear and erosion testing. Detailed characterization of the erosion tester substrates before and after firing was obtained by electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This promising boron nitride additive shows the ability to improve gun wear and erosion resistance without any destabilizing effects to the propellant. Potential applications could include less erosive propellants in propellant ammunition for large, medium and small diameter fire arms.