gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graph Learning for Cognitive Digital Twins in Manufacturing Systems (2021)

Future manufacturing requires complex systems that connect simulation platforms and virtualization with physical data from industrial processes. Digital twins incorporate a physical twin, a digital twin, and the connection between the two. Benefits of using digital twins, especially in manufacturing, are abundant as they can increase efficiency across an entire manufacturing life-cycle. The digital twin concept has become increasingly sophisticated and capable over time, enabled by rises in many technologies. In this paper, we detail the cognitive digital twin as the next stage of advancement of a digital twin that will help realize the vision of Industry 4.0. Cognitive digital twins will allow enterprises to creatively, effectively, and efficiently exploit implicit knowledge drawn from the experience of existing manufacturing systems. They also enable more autonomous decisions and control, while improving the performance across the enterprise (at scale). This paper presents graph learning as one potential pathway towards enabling cognitive functionalities in manufacturing digital twins. A novel approach to realize cognitive digital twins in the product design stage of manufacturing that utilizes graph learning is presented.
Towards elimination of cervical cancer – human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) member countries (2023)

About 95% of cervical cancers worldwide are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Cervical cancer is preventable and curable if it is detected and treated early. We reviewed the latest national cervical cancer indicators, and barriers to HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in 21 Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) member countries. Half (n = 11, 52%) of the countries have introduced HPV vaccination for girls as part of their national vaccination programme, three countries reported coverage of over 90%. Most ANCCA member countries have cervical cancer screening programmes, only five countries reported screening uptake of over 50%. The barriers to HPV vaccination coverage and cervical cancer screening participation have been identified. Ensuring health service accessibility and affordability for women, addressing sociocultural barriers, and strengthening the healthcare system and continuum of care are essential to increase HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening coverage.
Dicer is required for the formation of white but not brown adipose tissue (2010)

Dicer, an enzyme involved in microRNA maturation, is required for proper embryo gastrulation and tissue morphogenesis during mammalian development. Using primary cultures of fibroblasts and pre-adipocytes, we have previously shown that Dicer is essential for early stages of adipogenic cell differentiation. In this study, we have utilized Dicer-conditional mice to explore a role for Dicer and microRNA biogenesis in the terminal differentiation of adipocytes in vivo and in the formation of white and brown adipose tissue. Deletion of Dicer in differentiated adipocytes in Dicer-conditional, aP2-Cre transgenic mice reduced the level of various adipogenic-associated transcripts and inhibited lipogenesis in white adipocytes, resulting in a severe depletion of white adipose tissue in mice. In contrast, Dicer was not required in vivo for lipogenesis in brown adipose or for brown fat formation. However, Dicer deletion in brown adipose did decrease the expression of genes involved in thermoregulation. The results of our study provide genetic evidence of a role for microRNA molecules in regulating adipogenesis and reveal distinct requirements for Dicer in the formation of white and brown adipose tissue.
Alternative RNA splicing of the MEAF6 gene facilitates neuroendocrine prostate cancer progression (2017)

Although potent androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) improve overall survival of metastatic prostate cancer patients, treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) as a consequence of the selection pressures of ARPI is becoming a more common clinical issue. Improved understanding of the molecular biology of t-NEPC is essential for the development of new effective management approaches for t-NEPC. In this study, we identify a splice variant of the MYST/Esa1-associated factor 6 (MEAF6) gene, MEAF6-1, that is highly expressed in both t-NEPC tumor biopsies and neuroendocrine cell lines of prostate and lung cancers. We show that MEAF6-1 splicing is stimulated by neuronal RNA splicing factor SRRM4. Rather than inducing neuroendocrine trans-differentiation of cells in prostate adenocarcinoma, MEAF6-1 upregulation stimulates cell proliferation, anchorage-independent cell growth, invasion and xenograft tumor growth. Gene microarray identifies that these MEAF6-1 actions are in part mediated by the ID1 and ID3 genes. These findings suggest that the MEAF6-1 variant does not induce neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells, but rather facilitates t-NEPC progression by increasing the proliferation rate of cells that have acquired neuroendocrine phenotypes.
Electromagnetic Bloch waves at the surface of a photonic crystal (1991)

We find that electromagnetic modes are localized at the interface between air and a photonic crystal. General arguments that surface modes must always exist for some termination of any surface of a photonic crystal are presented, and the importance of the surface band structure for semiconducting laser systems is discussed.
Modeling and Mitigating the Coremelt Attack (2018)

This paper studies the Coremelt attack, a link-flooding Distributed Denial of Service attack that exhausts the bandwidth at a core network link using low-intensity traffic flows between subverted machines. A dynamical system model is formulated for analyzing the effect of Coremelt attack on a single-link Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) network and developing mitigation methods. For the case with a limited number of subverted sources, a modified TCP algorithm is developed for the attackers to achieve a desired congestion level. A mitigation method is proposed to improve the link usage of legitimate users when the link is under attack. The network performance under different attack and mitigation scenarios is illustrated through simulation results.
Congestion state-based dynamic FEC algorithm for media friendly transport layer (2009)

TCP-friendliness has been adopted as the most important property for the design of new media-specific transport layers in the Internet. The TCP protocol is mainly concerned with achieving as much throughput as possible while preventing long-term congestion. Various TCP protocol designs do this by inducing brief episodes of network congestion, measuring it, then reducing the offered load quickly to remove the congestion. Media flows, on the other hand, are very sensitive to even brief episodes of congestion. The question therefore arises: how can we protect media flows against TCP-induced network congestion? In this paper, we focus on combining the TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) protocol with Forward Error Correction (FEC) to achieve such protection. We observe that FEC methods that solely rely on loss statistics generate significant overhead in terms of the redundant parity packets transmitted over the network. Accordingly, we investigate the loss and delay characteristics in several TCP-induced congestion scenarios in order to identify potential periods of increased congestion and apply FEC protection during those periods judiciously. We find out that indeed efficient models can be developed and incorporated into a dynamic FEC framework which can achieve substantially better overhead vs. reliability tradeoff (e.g., up to 60% improvement at high reliability region) than an FEC approach that uses fixed coding rate to satisfy a given reliability.
Statistical shape and pose modeling for automated planning in robot-assisted reduction of the ankle syndesmosis (2022)

Accurate, image-based planning of joint reduction based on intraoperative cone-beam CT forms the basis for precise robotic assistance and quantitative fluoroscopic guidance. The proposed approach combines statistical shape and pose modeling of the ankle joint to: (1) automatically segment individual bones; and (2) identify the target pose for the dislocated fibula to establish a plan for reduction. Leave-one-out analysis of the atlas members demonstrated accurate segmentation with 0.6 mm mean surface distance error and predicted the fibula pose within 1.6 mm and 1.8°. Future work will expand evaluation and analyze the appropriateness of the contralateral ankle as a patient-specific template.
Impact of Zeolite Framework Composition and Flexibility on Methanol‐To‐Olefins Selectivity: Confinement or Diffusion? (2020)

The methanol-to-olefins reaction catalyzed by small-pore cage-based acid zeolites and zeotypes produces a mixture of short chain olefins, whose selectivity to ethene, propene and butene varies with the cavity architecture and with the framework composition. The product distribution of aluminosilicates and silicoaluminophosphates with the CHA and AEI structures (H-SSZ-13, H-SAPO-34, H-SSZ-39 and H-SAPO-18) has been experimentally determined, and the impact of acidity and framework flexibility on the stability of the key cationic intermediates involved in the mechanism and on the diffusion of the olefin products through the 8r windows of the catalysts has been evaluated by means of periodic DFT calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The preferential stabilization by confinement of fully methylated hydrocarbon pool intermediates favoring the paring pathway is the main factor controlling the final olefin product distribution.
Magnetic Machines for Microengine Power Generation (2004)

This dissertation presents an investigation of miniaturized magnetic induction and permanent magnet (PM) machines, intended for use in a microengine. Similar to a macroscale turbogenerator, a microengine comprises a small, gas-fueled turbine engine for converting chemical fuel energy into mechanical power and an integrated electrical generator for converting mechanical power to electrical power. The microengine system is proposed as a revolutionary, high power-density source for portable electronics. \n\nIn this research, miniaturized magnetic induction machines and PM machines were designed, fabricated, and characterized. Both types of machines used axially directed magnetic fields and were nominally 10 mm in diameter and 1.5-2.3 mm in thickness. Innovative microfabrication techniques were developed to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating magnetic machines within a bulk-micromachined, silicon-based microengine system.\n\nTwo-phase, eight-pole induction machines were constructed within silicon substrates using Cu coils in a laminated, slotted ferromagnetic NiFe or CoFeNi stator core. Silicon etching, wafer bonding, and electrodeposition were used to form all of the magnetic machine components. The induction machines were characterized in motoring mode using tethered rotors and demonstrated motoring torques of up to 2.5 uN-m.\n\nAlso, three-phase, eight-pole, surface wound PM machines were built using a hybrid microfabrication/assembly approach. The stators were fabricated by electroplating Cu coils on ferromagnetic NiFeMo (Moly Permalloy) substrates. The rotors were formed by assembling a magnetically patterned SmCo PM with a FeCoV (Hiperco 50) back iron. The PM machines were tested as generators with free-spinning rotors, powered by an air-driven spindle, and demonstrated 2.6 W of mechanical-to-electrical power conversion with continuous DC power generation of 1.1 W at 120 krpm rotor speed.\n\nThe primary contributions of this work are (1) the demonstration of microfabricated magnetic machines integrated within bulk-micromachined silicon and (2) the demonstration of multi-watt power conversion from a microfabricated PM generator. These achievements represent progress in the ongoing development of silicon-based microengines, but in addition, the fabrication technologies and device structures may find application in other microsystems.
Increased expression of Solute carrier family 12 member 5 via gene amplification contributes to tumour progression and metastasis and associates with poor survival in colorectal cancer (2015)

SLC12A5 plays a pivotal oncogenic role in colorectal carcinogenesis; its overexpression is an independent prognostic factor of patients with CRC.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEX FORMATION OF SILVER(I) WITH STERICALLY HINDERED PYRIDINE BASES (1984)

Abstract Complex Formation of Silver(l) with Sterically Hindered Pyridine Bases.
Comfort-Oriented Design of Model Predictive Control in Assisted and Autonomous Driving (2020)

Abstract This paper presents a method based on a Model Predictive Control (MPC) aiming to optimize the passenger comforts in assisted and autonomous vehicles. The controller works on the lateral and longitudinal dynamics of the car, providing front wheel steering angle and acceleration/deceleration command. The comfort is evaluated through two indexes extracted from the ISO 2631: an equivalent acceleration aeq and a Motion Sickness Dose Value (MSDV) index. The MPC weighting parameters are designed according to the values assumed by these indexes. Specifically, each weighting parameter is changed until the most satisfying comfort evaluation and the maximum vehicle performances, in terms of lateral deviation, tracking velocity and relative yaw angle, are reached. The controller is tested numerically on a simulated scenario resulting from real GPS data obtained in a highway. The method is compared with an alternative control strategy based on the combination of a PID and a Stanley control for the longitudinal and lateral dynamics, respectively. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, leading to a low percentage of passengers can experience motion sickness.
Nanorolls Decorated with Nanotubes as a Novel Type of Nanostructures: Fast Anodic Oxidation of Amorphous Fe–Cr–B Alloy in Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid (2021)

The formation of oxide nanorolls decorated with nanotubes during anodic oxidation of amorphous Fe70Cr15B15 alloy in hydrophobic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL) was revealed. The unusual architecture was observed for the first time on the surface of amorphous alloy. The generation of the novel type of nanostructure by electrochemical oxidation of the amorphous Fe70Cr15B15 alloy occurs only in hydrophobic ionic liquid and in the presence of the natural oxide film at the surface. Anodization of the oxide-free metal surface of the amorphous Fe70Cr15B15 alloy to be achieved by the treatment of the electrode with benzoic acid was found to result in no formation of both nanorolls and nanotubes. Electrochemical behavior of the amorphous Fe70Cr15B15 alloy in ionic liquid was proved to depend strongly on the state of the electrode surface before oxidation. The influence of the state of the surface of amorphous Fe70Cr15B15 alloy leading to the nanostructure formation was studied by means of preliminary partial etching with benzoic acid of various concentrations.
Patch recognition of algal blooms and macroalgae (2010)

Fraunhofer lines and atmospheric absorption bands interfere with the spectral location of absorption bands of photosynthetic pigments in plankton. Hyperspectral data were used to address this interference on identifying absorption bands by applying derivative analysis of radiance spectra. Algal blooms show elevated radiance data even at longer wavelengths compared to oligotrophic water and may reach radiance values of around 800 W/m<sup>2</sup>/micrometer/sr at a wavelength of about 0.8 &mu;m. Therefore, the use of a spectral range beyond 0.55 &mu;m is useful to describe bloom characteristics. In particular, the slope between 0.55 &mu;m to 0.80 &mu;m shows an advantage to depict gradients in plankton blooms. Radiance spectra in the region from 0.4 to 0.8 &mu;m for oligotrophic water and near coastal water show similar location of absorption bands when analyzed with derivative analysis but with different amplitudes. For this reason, radiance spectra were also analyzed without atmospheric correction, and various approaches to interpret radiance data over plankton blooms were investigated. Cluster analysis and ratio techniques at longer wavelengths were found to assist in the separation of ocean color gradients and distinguish bio-geochemical provinces in near-coastal waters. Furthermore, using the slope of spectra from plankton blooms, in connection with scatter diagrams at various wavelengths, shows that details can be revealed that would not be recognized in single channels at lower wavelength.
The Effect of Reynolds Number on Microfan Performance (2004)

Miniaturisation of modern electronics means that future compact electronic systems are likely to be too hot to be held in the users hand. Simultaneous increases in heat dissipation will also require the development of novel compact cooling technologies. In systems such as mobile phones and palmtop computers, macro scale fans cannot be used to overcome this problem, as they are too large. As a solution, the implementation of micro fan technology is proposed. Previous investigators have shown that reduction of the Reynolds number of turbomachinery results in reduced efficiency. To experimentally investigate this predicted phenomenon, a series of geometrically similar axial flow fans have been fabricated. These range in size from the macro to the micro scale with the Reynolds numbers varying linearly with fan dimensions. Through detailed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements and pressure flow characterization of these fans, this investigation aims to quantify the reduction in efficiency, which occurs as the Reynolds number is reduced. This paper concludes that the extent to which fan efficiency is reduced by Reynolds number is in surprisingly good agreement with relatively simple predictions developed by the authors in previous investigations. Reduced Reynolds number was also seen to alter the velocity distribution at the fan outlet. This is an important point as it indicates a change in the physics of the flow with reducing scale.
High thermal conductivity through simultaneously aligned polyethylene lamellae and graphene nanoplatelets (2017)

The effect of simultaneous alignment of polyethylene (PE) lamellae and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) on the thermal conductivity (k) of PE-GnP composites is investigated. Measurements reveal a large increase of 1100% in k of the aligned PE-GnP composite using 10 wt% GnPs relative to unoriented pure PE. The rate of increase of k with applied strain for the pure PE-GnP composite with 10 wt% GnP is found to be almost a factor of two higher than the pure PE sample, pointing to the beneficial effect of GnP alignment on k enhancement. Aligned GnPs are further found to be 3 times as effective in enhancing k as in the randomly oriented configuration. Enhancement in k is correlated with the alignment of PE lamellae and GnPs through wide-angle X-ray scattering and polarized Raman spectroscopy. At the maximum applied strain of 400% and using 10 wt% GnPs, a composite k of 5.9 W mK<sup>-1</sup> is achieved. These results demonstrate the great potential of simultaneous alignment effects in achieving high k polymer composites.
Tumour sampling method can significantly influence gene expression profiles derived from neoadjuvant window studies (2016)

Patient-matched transcriptomic studies using tumour samples before and after treatment allow inter-patient heterogeneity to be controlled, but tend not to include an untreated comparison. Here, Illumina BeadArray technology was used to measure dynamic changes in gene expression from thirty-seven paired diagnostic core and surgically excised breast cancer biopsies obtained from women receiving no treatment prior to surgery, to determine the impact of sampling method and tumour heterogeneity. Despite a lack of treatment and perhaps surprisingly, consistent changes in gene expression were identified during the diagnosis-surgery interval (48 up, 2 down; Siggenes FDR 0.05) in a manner independent of both subtype and sampling-interval length. Instead, tumour sampling method was seen to directly impact gene expression, with similar effects additionally identified in six published breast cancer datasets. In contrast with previous findings, our data does not support the concept of a significant wounding or immune response following biopsy in the absence of treatment and instead implicates a hypoxic response following the surgical biopsy. Whilst sampling-related gene expression changes are evident in treated samples, they are secondary to those associated with response to treatment. Nonetheless, sampling method remains a potential confounding factor for neoadjuvant study design.
Distinct contributions of KH domains to substrate binding affinity of Drosophila P-element somatic inhibitor protein (2006)

Drosophila P-element somatic inhibitor protein (PSI) regulates splicing of the P-element transposase pre-mRNA by binding a pseudo-splice site upstream of the authentic splice site using four tandem KH-type RNA binding motifs. While the binding domains and specificity of PSI have been established, little is known about the contributions of each PSI KH domain to overall protein stability and RNA binding affinity. Using a construct containing only the RNA binding domain of PSI (PSI-KH03), we introduced a physiologically relevant point mutation into each KH domain of PSI individually and measured stability and RNA binding affinity of the resulting mutant proteins. Although secondary structure, as measured by circular dichroism spectroscopy, is only subtly changed for each mutant protein relative to wild type, RNA binding affinity is reduced in each case. Mutations in the second or third KH domains of the protein are significantly more deleterious to substrate recognition than mutation of the outer (first and fourth) domains. These results show that despite the ability of a single KH domain to bind RNA in some systems, PSI requires multiple tandem KH domains for specific and high-affinity recognition of substrate RNA.
Conjugate addition of organocuprates to trans-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxaldehydes. Synthesis of a chlorothricin degradation product (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConjugate addition of organocuprates to trans-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene-1-carboxaldehydes. Synthesis of a chlorothricin degradation productJames A. Marshall, James E. Audia, and Barry G. ShearerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 10, 1730–1735Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00360a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00360a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views378Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts