gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stratification by sex and subgroup is necessary for RCT on IBS. (2006)

We read with interest the paper by Schneider et al assessing acupuncture treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which appears in this issue of Gut (see page 649) . They successfully recruited 43 patients with IBS according to the Rome II criteria, and randomly assigned them to receive either acupuncture (n = 22) (AC) or sham acupuncture (n = 21) (SAC) using the so-called “Streitberger needle”. Treatment duration was 10 sessions, with an average of two acupuncture sessions per week, and the primary endpoint was improvement in quality of life (QOL) using the functional digestive diseases quality of life questionnaire (FDDQL) and a general quality of life questionnaire (SF-36), compared with baseline assessment. They found that both the AC as well as the SAC group improved significantly in global QOL by the FDDQL at the end of treatment (p = 0.022), with no differences between the groups. This observation led the authors to conclude that acupuncture in IBS is primarily a placebo response.

This result supports the conclusion of studies by Fireman and colleagues1 and Forbes and colleagues.2 Interestingly, we have recently completed one study and found that acupuncture can attenuate chronic visceral hypersensitivity in rats.3 Our results showed that acupuncture had immediate and cumulative effects on chronic visceral pain induced by colorectal distension stimuli in rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity (fig 1). This supports the findings in a previous study,4 and matched the phenomena of our clinical practice that IBS sufferers do benefit from acupuncture treatment. We also found that acupuncture can modulate the concentration of serotonin in the colon (fig 2),5 apart from modulation of the endorphin system via central processing of pain.5,6



 Figure 1 
 Pain threshold pressure (PTP) measured in response to colorectal distension showed …
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Two Naphthoquinone Antibiotics Pentalongin and Psychorubrin. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hydrostatic Actuation for Remote Operations in MR Environment (2019)

This article presents a novel design and experiment of a system of hydrostatic actuation, transmission network, and control as a research platform for investigating magnetic resonance image (MRI) based tracking and intervention of a moving target. Based on novel double-acting piston-cylinder type rolling diaphragm fluid actuators, the system comprises two remotely controlled modules, an instrument manipulation module and a target motion module. The instrument manipulation module controls an instrument to access a target and it features a fluid network of multiple actuators and several modes of the instrument intervention of a stationary or moving target. The target motion module generates emulated target motions, such as breathing profiles, in the interventions. It also serves as truth motion for developing and testing MRI scanning and tracking algorithms. An iterative learning control is employed to create precise target motion profiles without needing real-time feedback from an MR-safe/conditional sensor. Integrating the two modules, the system enables closed-loop actuated intervention study with real-time MRI.
P6403Lay persons alerted by mobile application system initiate earlier cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: a comparison with SMS- based system notification (2017)

Several studies have identified Copy Number Variants (CNVs) as responsible for cardiac diseases associated with Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD), but very few exhaustive analyses of multiple genes in large cohorts of patients have been performed, and they are generally focused on a specific SCD-related disease. The aim of the present study was to screen for CNVs the 55 or 78 most prevalent genes associated with SCD in a large cohort of patients who suffered sudden unexplained death or had a cardiomyopathy or a channelopathy. A total of 1765 European patients were analyzed with a homemade algorithm for the assessment of CNVs using High Throughput Sequencing data. Thirty-six CNVs were identified (2%), and most of them appeared to have a pathogenic role. The frequency of CNVs among cases of sudden unexplained death, patients with a cardiomyopathy and patients with a channelopathy was 1.4% (8/587), 2.3% (20/874) and 2.6% (8/304), respectively. Detection rates were particularly high for dilated cardiomyopathy (4.4%), arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (5.1%) and long QT syndrome (4.7%). As CNVs may underlie a portion of cases with SCD-related diseases, their analysis should be performed as part of the routine genetic testing of these patients. The identification of CNVs (along with Single Nucleotide Variants and small insertions and deletions) will allow the diagnosis confirmation in borderline cases and early management of at-risk family members.
Power Reduction Opportunities on End-User Devices in Quality-Steady Video Streaming (2023)

This paper uses a crowdsourced dataset of online video streaming sessions to investigate opportunities to reduce the power consumption while considering QoE. For this, we base our work on prior studies which model both the end-user's QoE and the end-user device's power consumption with the help of high-level video features such as the bitrate, the frame rate, and the resolution. On top of existing research, which focused on reducing the power consumption at the same QoE optimizing video parameters, we investigate potential power savings by other means such as using a different playback device, a different codec, or a predefined maximum quality level. We find that based on the power consumption of the streaming sessions from the crowdsourcing dataset, devices could save more than 55% of power if all participants adhere to low-power settings.
Carrier Signal Selection for Sensorless Control of PM Synchronous Machines at Zero and Very Low Speeds (2008)

This paper compares pulsating and rotating vector carrier signal injection for self-sensing (or sensorless) control of PM synchronous machines. The main focus of the study is evaluation of estimation errors due to the physical non-ideal attributes of both the machine and the inverter. Initial position and magnet polarity estimation are analyzed as well. Transient response and signal processing for both techniques is discussed for completeness. The theoretical analysis is supported by experimental and simulation evidence obtained using interior PM synchronous machines.
Residual Stress in Composites with the Thin-ring-slitting Approach (2006)

During polymerization, dental composites develop residual stresses that may compromise the marginal integrity and properties of the restorative. The objective of this study was to use the thin-walled ring-slitting method to measure and compare residual stresses. The hypotheses to be tested were that composites would generate different levels of residual stress based on their specific formulations and slitting times. Rings made from composites (Z100, Herculite, and Heliomolar) were cut at different times (10 min, 1 and 24 hrs) after being light-cured, and stress was measured. Residual stress was higher at the earlier cutting times, except for Heliomolar (alpha < 0.05). For the 10-minute and one-hour cutting groups, stress followed this order: Z100 > Herculite > Heliomolar. Early slitting was better to capture residual stress, and the thin-walled rings showed higher values than thick-walled rings and were better able to discriminate residual stress in composites.
Cytoplasmic Pink1 activity protects neurons from dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP (2008)

PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (Pink1) is a recently identified gene linked to a recessive form of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). The kinase contains a mitochondrial localization sequence and is reported to reside, at least in part, in mitochondria. However, neither the manner by which the loss of Pink1 contributes to dopamine neuron loss nor its impact on mitochondrial function and relevance to death is clear. Here, we report that depletion of Pink1 by RNAi increased neuronal toxicity induced by MPP(+). Moreover, wild-type Pink1, but not the G309D mutant linked to familial PD or an engineered kinase-dead mutant K219M, protects neurons against MPTP both in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, a mutant that contains a deletion of the putative mitochondrial-targeting motif was targeted to the cytoplasm but still provided protection against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP(+))/1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced toxicity. In addition, we also show that endogenous Pink1 is localized to cytosolic as well as mitochondrial fractions. Thus, our findings indicate that Pink1 plays a functional role in the survival of neurons and that cytoplasmic targets, in addition to its other actions in the mitochondria, may be important for this protective effect.
Comparison of νμ-Ar multiplicity distributions observed by MicroBooNE to GENIE model predictions : MicroBooNE Collaboration (2019)

We measure a large set of observables in inclusive charged current muon neutrino scattering on argon with the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber operating at Fermilab. We evaluate three neutrino interaction models based on the widely used GENIE event generator using these observables. The measurement uses a data set consisting of neutrino interactions with a final state muon candidate fully contained within the MicroBooNE detector. These data were collected in 2016 with the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam, which has an average neutrino energy of MeV, using an exposure corresponding to 5.0x1019 protons-on-target. The analysis employs fully automatic event selection and charged particle track reconstruction and uses a data-driven technique to separate neutrino interactions from cosmic ray background events. We find that GENIE models consistently describe the shapes of a large number of kinematic distributions for fixed observed multiplicity.
Catalyst performance in reforming of tar derived from biomass over noble metal catalysts (2003)

An activity test in the reforming of tar derived from cedar biomass over M–CeO2–SiO2 (M = Rh, Pt, Pd, Ru, Ni) was carried out in a secondary fluidized catalyst bed at lower temperature range (823–923 K) than the conventional methods. We have measured the formation rate of CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and the yield of coke deposited on the catalyst surface and the yield of char accumulated in the primary bed. It was found that Rh–CeO2–SiO2 exhibited much higher performance than other metal catalysts in terms of the activity of tar reforming, and the yield of gas and coke.
A Method for Copyright Protection of Line Drawings (2009)

In this paper, we propose a method for copyright protection of line drawings using image retrieval. By matching local features, we achieve detecting not only printed but also handwritten partial copies of line drawings from complex backgrounds. We have proved the effectiveness of the proposed method based on a database of 11,600 line drawings. 1.
Solid-state laminate electrode assemblies and methods of making (2023)

Solid-state laminate electrode assemblies and various methods for making the solid-state laminate electrode assemblies involve a lithium metal layer reactively bonded to a lithium ion conducting sulfide glass layer. During manufacture, highly reactive surfaces of the lithium metal layer and the lithium ion conducting sulfide glass layer are maintained in its substantially unpassivated state until they have been reactively bonded.
Modeling and in situ caging for a realistic extrapolation of ecotoxicological effects at the population level: a methodological approach with Gammarus fossarum (Crustacean) and Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gastropod) (2009)

The monitoring of contaminated environments via multilevel biomarker studies is a classical approach in ecotoxicology. Nevertheless, mechanistic links are rarely set up between the different levels of biological organization (sub-organism, organism, population). Population models are now recognized as useful tools to solve this extrapolation issue in predictive approaches, but environmental realism of these models could be improved in order to yield more pertinent risk assessment at the population level. This work proposes a new way to take advantage from the complementary nature of population modelling and in situ caging methodologies. On the basis of case studies with two environmental relevant species, the main purpose is to improve the extrapolation procedure by linking in situ biomarkers classically used in ecotoxicology at the organism level (laboratory bioassays or in situ biotests) and their consequences at a level of ecological interest: the population.\nOur approach proceeds in two steps. (i) Population models are developed to mechanistically link life history traits (survival, growth, reproductive activity, fecundity) and the dynamics of reference native populations all along a year. For this, we use a dual approach combining laboratory and field experiments. The latter consisting in a demographic follow-up based on monthly population census (evolution of densities and age-size structures) and an individual approach with field organisms caged in situ (reproduction, growth, survival). (ii) Effects of contamination, observed at the organism level through the exposure of transplanted individuals caged in contaminated stations, will be projected into the dynamics of these reference populations in order to propose a diagnostic assessment of water quality at the population level.
Well-Completion Techniques and Methodologies for Maintaining Underbalanced Conditions Throughout Initial and Subsequent Well Interventions (2004)

Abstract Underbalanced drilling (UBD) is undoubtedly one of the "hottest" topics in the oilfield today. Although not a new concept, UBD has just recently come of age, as the benefits it offers to the oil and gas industry have been noted only within the last few years. Underbalanced drilling offers many notable advantages, which include: Reducing formation damageIncreasing the rate of penetration (ROP) and bit life.Allowing the reservoir to be tested and evaluated while drilling.Reducing the number of trips into the holeMinimizing differential sticking of pipeLimiting lost circulationFacilitating early production while drillingAccessing depleted or low-pressure reservoirsSelecting TD from inflow performance. The benefits of the above are obvious; therefore, they will not be discussed in depth in this paper. While UBD technology has come a long way since the early wells that were brought in via gushers that rose above the wooden derricks, underbalanced drilling can only supply &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;part&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of the solution – once drilling procedures are concluded, and the completion phase begins; the primary operational drivers change. Rather than focusing on such activities as drilling performance and formation evaluation while drilling, the completion drivers target the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;reduction of fluid loss&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; and the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;elimination of formation damage&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Thus, attaining a total solution requires that underbalanced conditions not only are maintained during the completion and for the life of the well, but also throughout any future well interventions. Unfortunately, the advances in underbalanced completion technology have lagged behind those seen in underbalanced drilling. This paper will explore the strategies, techniques and tool systems required 1) to maintain an underbalanced condition throughout the initial well completion phase and during all future remedial operations, and 2), to create a cost-effective solution that will enhance and accelerate maximum reservoir drainage. To this end, if underbalanced technology is approached as a production enhancement technique that starts at the initial stage of drilling the well and continues throughout the life of the well, the end result will be that the value of the reservoir will be increased, and will be collected within in a shorter period of time.
Evolution of Efficient Modular Polyketide Synthases by Homologous Recombination (2015)

The structural scaffolds of many complex natural products are produced by multifunctional type I polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes that operate as biosynthetic assembly lines. The modular nature of these mega-enzymes presents an opportunity to construct custom biocatalysts built in a lego-like fashion by inserting, deleting, or exchanging native or foreign domains to produce targeted variants of natural polyketides. However, previously engineered PKS enzymes are often impaired resulting in limited production compared to native systems. Here, we show a versatile method for generating and identifying functional chimeric PKS enzymes for synthesizing custom macrolactones and macrolides. PKS genes from the pikromycin and erythromycin pathways were hybridized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to generate hybrid libraries. We used a 96-well plate format for plasmid purification, transformations, sequencing, protein expression, in vitro reactions and analysis of metabolite formation. Active chimeric enzymes were identified with new functionality. Streptomyces venezuelae strains that expressed these PKS chimeras were capable of producing engineered macrolactones. Furthermore, a macrolactone generated from selected PKS chimeras was fully functionalized into a novel macrolide analogue. This method permits the engineering of PKS pathways as modular building blocks for the production of new antibiotic-like molecules.
A Rapid Synthesis Method for Au, Pd, and Pt Aerogels Via Direct Solution-Based Reduction (2018)

Here, a method to synthesize gold, palladium, and platinum aerogels via a rapid, direct solution-based reduction is presented. The combination of various precursor noble metal ions with reducing agents in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio results in the formation of metal gels within seconds to minutes compared to much longer synthesis times for other techniques such as sol-gel. Conducting the reduction step in a microcentrifuge tube or small volume conical tube facilitates a proposed nucleation, growth, densification, fusion, equilibration model for gel formation, with final gel geometry smaller than the initial reaction volume. This method takes advantage of the vigorous hydrogen gas evolution as a by-product of the reduction step, and as a consequence of reagent concentrations. The solvent accessible specific surface area is determined with both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. After rinsing and freeze drying, the resulting aerogel structure is examined with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and nitrogen gas adsorption. The synthesis method and characterization techniques result in a close correspondence of aerogel ligament sizes. This synthesis method for noble metal aerogels demonstrates that high specific surface area monoliths may be achieved with a rapid and direct reduction approach.
Effect of Cell Seeding Density on Proliferation and Osteodifferentiation of Umbilical Cord Stem Cells on Calcium Phosphate Cement-Fiber Scaffold (2011)

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) can fill complex-shaped bone defects and set in situ to form a scaffold with intimate adaptation to neighboring bone. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the effects of fiber length and alginate microbead volume fraction on CPC mechanical properties, and (2) the effect of cell seeding density of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on their proliferation and osteodifferentiation on CPC. Adding microbeads to CPC degraded the strength. However, increasing the fiber length improved the mechanical properties. Strength and elastic modulus of CPC-microbead-fiber scaffold matched those reported for cancellous bone. When the cell seeding density was increased from 50k to 300k, the cell viability, osteodifferentiation, and bone mineral synthesis also increased. When the seeding density was further increased to 500k, the osteodifferentiation and mineralization decreased. Hence, the 300k seeding density was optimal for CPC-microbead-fiber under the specified conditions. At day 8, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) gene expression of hUCMSCs with seeding density of 300k was threefold the ALP at 150k, and 200-fold the ALP at 50k. At day 14, osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor 2 with cell seeding density of 300k was fourfold those at 50k. At day 14, mineralization by hUCMSCs at seeding density of 300k was 5-fold the mineralization at 150k, and 25-fold that at 50k. In conclusion, the effect of stem cell seeding density on CPC was determined for the first time. At low cell densities, cell viability and mineralization increased with seeding density. However, a higher seeding density was not necessarily better, and an optimal seeding density on CPC resulted in the best osteodifferentiation and mineralization. The stem cell-seeded CPC-fiber scaffold with excellent osteodifferentiation and mineralization is promising for orthopedic and craniofacial applications.
Generating and Identifying Optical Orbital Angular Momentum with Silicon Photonic Circuits (2014)

We demonstrate a fully integrated silicon photonic circuit capable of generating light carrying optical orbital angular momentum. Experimentally, orbital angular momentum wavefronts are identified by interfering with another on-chip generated Gaussian beam.
The chemoattractant chemerin suppresses melanoma by recruiting natural killer cell antitumor defenses (2012)

Infiltration of specialized immune cells regulates the growth and survival of neoplasia. Here, in a survey of public whole genome expression datasets we found that the gene for chemerin, a widely expressed endogenous chemoattractant protein, is down-regulated in melanoma as well as other human tumors. Moreover, high chemerin messenger RNA expression in tumors correlated with improved outcome in human melanoma. In experiments using the B16 transplantable mouse melanoma, tumor-expressed chemerin inhibited in vivo tumor growth without altering in vitro proliferation. Growth inhibition was associated with an altered profile of tumor-infiltrating cells with an increase in natural killer (NK) cells and a relative reduction in myeloid-derived suppressor cells and putative immune inhibitory plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Tumor inhibition required host expression of CMKLR1 (chemokine-like receptor 1), the chemoattractant receptor for chemerin, and was abrogated by NK cell depletion. Intratumoral injection of chemerin also inhibited tumor growth, suggesting the potential for therapeutic application. These results show that chemerin, whether expressed by tumor cells or within the tumor environment, can recruit host immune defenses that inhibit tumorigenesis and suggest that down-regulation of chemerin may be an important mechanism of tumor immune evasion.
ChemInform Abstract: Potential Antitumor Agents. Part 51. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Substituted Phenazine‐1‐carboxamides. (1987)

Abstract Ullmann reaction between the anilines (I) and the 3‐nitrobenzoic acids (II) gives the products (III).
Direct Effect of Septic Plasma in Human Cell Lines Viability (2018)

Humoral mediators in septic patients' plasma induce apoptosis. This fact suggests that apoptosis inhibitors should be investigated as future strategy to reduce sepsis-induced organ damages.