gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recovery of proteins and other biological compounds using fibrous materials: I. Adsorption by salt addition (1999)

An adsorption and filtration process for the recovery of proteins and other biological compounds from aqueous streams has been developed, using cellulose-based fibrous materials. Of the many cellulose derivatives studied, cellulose acetate fibrets (CAF) and cellulose triacetate fibrets (CTF) have been shown to be the most effective. In the presence of salts, they lead to protein adsorption by hydrophobic interactions. Model proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), have been recovered by incubating these solutions with CTF in the presence of ammonium sulfate, followed by filtration through a 20 µm pore size filter. The amount of salt necessary varies with the protein type, but decreases with increasing temperature and protein concentration. High protein recovery has been obtained from an actual wastewater system at low salt dosages. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Gas Flow Detection System (2010)

This system provides a portable means to detect gas through a thin-walled tube without breaking into the tubing system. The detection system was specifically designed to detect through two parallel branches of a manifold only one inlet and outlet, and is a means for verifying a space shuttle program requirement that saves time and reduces the risk of flight hardware damage compared to the current means of requirement verification. The prototype Purge Vent and Drain Window Cavity Conditioning System (PVD WCCS) Flow Detection System consists of a heater and a temperature-sensing thermistor attached to a piece of Velcro to be attached to each branch of a WCCS manifold for the duration of the requirement verification test. The heaters and thermistors are connected to a shielded cable and then to an electronics enclosure, which contains the power supplies, relays, and circuit board to provide power, signal conditioning, and control. The electronics enclosure is then connected to a commercial data acquisition box to provide analog to digital conversion as well as digital control. This data acquisition box is then connected to a commercial laptop running a custom application created using National Instruments LabVIEW. The operation of the PVD WCCS Flow Detection System consists of first attaching a heater/thermistor assembly to each of the two branches of one manifold while there is through the manifold. Next, the software application running on the laptop is used to turn on the heaters and to monitor the manifold branch temperatures. When the system has reached thermal equilibrium, the software application s graphical user interface (GUI) will indicate that the branch temperatures are stable. The operator can then physically open the control valve to initiate the test of gaseous nitrogen (GN2) through the manifold. Next, the software user interface will be monitored for stable temperature indications when the system is again at thermal equilibrium the test of GN2. The temperature drop of each branch from its no flow stable temperature peak to its stable with flow temperature will allow the operator to determine whether a minimum level of exists. An alternative operation has the operator turning on the software only long enough to record the ambient temperature of the tubing before turning on the heaters and initiating GN2 flow. The stable temperature of the heated tubing GN2 is then compared the ambient tubing temperature to determine if is present in each branch. To help quantify the level of in the manifolds, each branch will be bench calibrated to establish its thermal properties using the detection system and different rates. These calibration values can then be incorporated into the software application to provide more detailed rate information.
Association of Antenatal Steroid Exposure at 21 to 22 Weeks of Gestation With Neonatal Survival and Survival Without Morbidities (2022)

In this retrospective cohort study, among infants born between GA 22 0/7 and 23 6/7 weeks who received intensive care, exposure to a complete course of antenatal steroids at GA 22 6/7 weeks or less was independently associated with greater odds of survival and survival without major morbidity. These data suggest that the use of antenatal steroids in patients at GA 22 6/7 weeks or less could be beneficial when active treatment is considered.
Scatterometry for advanced process control in semiconductor device manufacturing (2017)

A concise explanation of spectroscopic scatterometry is presented that is used for modelbased shape metrology of etched features in the production of Memory and Logic semiconductor devices. We also present an angle-resolved scatterometry technique that can measure at high throughput on very small test targets. First measured results are shown that demonstrate the capability on 5×5 &mu;m<sup>2</sup> targets.
Spectroscopic refractive indices of monoclinic single crystal and ceramic lutetium oxyorthosilicate from 200 to 850 nm (2012)

The four real values of the dielectric function tensor of the monoclinic crystal Lu2SiO5 or lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) have been determined using generalized ellipsometry from 200 to 850 nm. The three principal values are fit to the Sellmeier model and they indicate that the band gap of LSO is less than ∼9 eV. The off-diagonal element ε12 is non-zero over the entire spectrum, but it is very close to zero for wavelengths longer than ∼400 nm, indicating that structurally monoclinic LSO is nearly optically orthorhombic in this wavelength region. The spectroscopic dielectric functions of three isotropic ceramic LSO samples are presented, which are consistent with the dielectric functions of single-crystal LSO when the effects of optical density are included. As a comparison, the dielectric functions are also determined using relativistic electronic structure and optical calculations based on the recently developed potential functional of Tran and Blaha [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 226401 (2009)].
Inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol 3′-Kinase Pathway Promotes Autocrine Fas-Induced Death of Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue–Deficient Prostate Cancer Cells (2006)

Rationally designed therapeutics that target the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) cell survival pathway are currently in preclinical and clinical development for cancer therapy. Drugs targeting the PI3K pathway aim to inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis, and enhance chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity of cancer cells. The phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) phosphatidylinositol 3'-phosphatase is a key negative regulator of the PI3K pathway. Inactivation of the PTEN tumor suppressor results in constitutive activation of the PI3K pathway and is found in approximately 50% of advanced prostate cancers, which correlates with a high Gleason score and poor prognosis. Inhibition of the PI3K pathway leads to apoptosis of prostate cancer cells; however, the precise mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. Here we report that apoptotic cell death of PTEN-deficient LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells induced by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 can be abrogated by disrupting Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) interactions with recombinant Fas:Fc fusion protein or FasL neutralizing antibody (Nok-1), or by expressing dominant-negative Fas-associated death domain. Furthermore, we find that apoptosis induced by expression of wild-type PTEN, driven by a tetracycline-inducible expression system in LNCaP cells, can be inhibited by blocking Fas/FasL interaction using Fas:Fc or Nok-1. These data show that apoptosis induced by blockade of the PI3K pathway in prostate tumor cells is mediated by an autocrine Fas/FasL apoptotic mechanism and the Fas apoptotic pathway is both necessary and sufficient to mediate apoptosis by PI3K inhibition.
Enhanced second harmonic generation from coupled asymmetric plasmonic metal nanostructures (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate that two coupled metal nanostructures (MNSs), a silver nanowire and bipyramid, can produce similar to 30 times enhanced second harmonic generation compared to the particles alone. We develop a simple theoretical model, presenting the path interference effects in the nonlinear response of coupled MNSs. We show that the reason for such an enhancement can be the occurrence of a Fano resonance due to the coupling of the converter MNS to the long-lived mode of the attached MNS.
Prospects for using existing resists for evaluating 157-nm imaging systems (2000)

Lithography at 157 nm represents the next evolutionary step in the Great Optical Continuum and is currently under investigation as a possible successor to 193-nm lithography. If successful, the photoresists used for this technology must be initially capable of 100-nm resolution and be extendable to less than 70 nm. Unfortunately, as with the transition to shorter wavelengths in the past, the photoresist materials developed for longer wavelengths appear to be too absorbent for practical use as a traditional high resolution single layer resist imageable with 157 nm radiation. Until new photoresist materials are developed that are sufficiently transparent to be used as single layer resists, the existing need for a resist to be used to evaluate 157 nm imaging systems, such as the prototype steppers now under development, will have to be met by employing existing resists. We have surveyed the commercial resist market with the dual purpose of identifying the general categories of commercial resists that have potential for use as tool evaluation resist and to baseline these resists for comparison against future 157 nm resist candidates. Little difference was observed in the 157- nm absorbance between different classes of resists with most resists having an absorbance between 6 and 8 per micron. Due to the high absorbance at 157 nm of polyhydroxystyrene, polyacrylate, and polycyclic copolymer based resists, the coated resist thickness will need to be under 100 nm. All four commercial resists evaluated for imaging at 157 nm showed that they are capable of acting as a tool testing resist to identify issues attributed focus, illumination, and vibration. Finally, an improved tool testing resist can be developed within the existing resist material base, that is capable of 100 nm imaging with a binary mask and 70 nm imaging with a phase shift mask. Minor formulation modification can greatly improve resist performance including improved resolution and reduced line edge roughness.
In Situ Forming Poly(ethylene glycol)‐ Poly(L‐lactide) Hydrogels via Michael Addition: Mechanical Properties, Degradation, and Protein Release (2012)

Abstract Chemically crosslinked hydrogels are prepared at remarkably low macromonomer concentrations from 8‐arm poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly( L ‐lactide) star block copolymers bearing acrylate end groups (PEG‐(PLLA n ) 8 ‐AC, n = 4 or 12) and multifunctional PEG thiols (PEG‐(SH) n , n = 2, 4, or 8) through a Michael‐type addition reaction. Hydrogels are obtained within 1 min after mixing PEG‐(PLLA 4 ) 8 ‐AC and PEG‐(SH) 8 in phosphate buffered saline, quickly reaching a high storage modulus of 17 kPa. Lysozyme and albumin are released for 4 weeks from PEG‐(PLLA 12 ) 8 ‐AC/PEG‐(SH) 8 hydrogels. Lysozyme release from PEG‐(PLLA 12 ) 8 ‐AC/PEG‐(SH) 2 and PEG‐(PLLA 12 ) 8 ‐AC/PEG‐(SH) 4 hydrogels is significantly faster with complete release in 3 and 12 d, respectively, as a result of a combination of degradation and diffusion.
Recovering a Single Community With Side Information (2020)

We study the effect of the quality and quantity of side information on the recovery of a hidden community of size K = o(n) in a graph of size n. Side information for each node in the graph is modeled by a random vector in which either the vector dimension or the LLR of each component with respect to node labels is independent of n. These two models represent the variation in quality and quantity of side information. Under maximum likelihood detection, we calculate tight necessary and sufficient conditions for exact recovery of the labels. We demonstrate how side information needs to evolve with n in terms of either its quantity, or quality, to improve the exact recovery threshold. A similar set of results are obtained for weak recovery. Under belief propagation, tight necessary and sufficient conditions for weak recovery are calculated when the LLRs are constant, and sufficient conditions when the LLRs vary with n. Moreover, we design and analyze a local voting procedure using side information that can achieve exact recovery when applied after belief propagation.
A novel biometric hashing method based on optimal linear transformation (2011)

In literature, the most of the biometric hashing methods are based on randomised dimension reduction method. In this work, we propose a novel biometric hashing method based on optimal linear transformation. This optimal linear transformation is based on the within class covariance matrix and is used for dimension reduction in the proposed biometric hashing method. The proposed biometric hashing method can be used as a biometric verification system. The simulation results show that the proposed method has better performance in comparison with the proposed biometric hashing methods in the literature.
Dogs lap using acceleration-driven open pumping (2015)

Dogs lap because they have incomplete cheeks and cannot suck. When lapping, a dog's tongue pulls a liquid column from the bath, suggesting that the hydrodynamics of column formation are critical to understanding how dogs drink. We measured lapping in 19 dogs and used the results to generate a physical model of the tongue's interaction with the air-fluid interface. These experiments help to explain how dogs exploit the fluid dynamics of the generated column. The results demonstrate that effects of acceleration govern lapping frequency, which suggests that dogs curl the tongue to create a larger liquid column. Comparing lapping in dogs and cats reveals that, despite similar morphology, these carnivores lap in different physical regimes: an unsteady inertial regime for dogs and steady inertial regime for cats.
Figure S3 from Identification of Recurrent <i>FGFR3–TACC3</i> Fusion Oncogenes from Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S3. A. Agarose gel separation of the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion specific RT-PCR amplicons. H3122 contains an EML4-ALK fusion, PC9 contains an EGFR mutation (del E746_A750) and A549 harboring a KRAS mutation. These cell lines are used as negative controls. The sample K2-49 shows two bands corresponding to two different variants of the fusion, the higher one between FGFR3 exon 17 and TACC3 exon4 and the lower one between the same exon of FGFR3 and the exon 11 of TACC3. Sample J2-109 shows a predominant variant connecting exon 17 of FGFR3 and exon 8 of TACC3 and the lowest corresponding to a fusion between FGFR3 exon 17 and TACC3 exon 11. The CG-42 sample shows only one variant fusing together FGFR3 exon 17 and TACC3 exon 10. B. Sequencing chromatogram of the different FGFR3-TACC3 variants detected in the three patients.&lt;/p&gt;
KINEMATIC ALIGNMENT OPTIMIZES PATIENT OUTCOME – OPPOSES (2018)

Even though primary total knee arthroplasty involves resurfacing the joint with metal and plastic it is much more of a soft tissue operation than it is a bony procedure. The idea that altering the ...
Seiteneinsteiger : unkonventionelle Politiker-Karrieren in der Parteiendemokratie (2009)

Berufspolitiker haben ein schlechtes Image. Deshalb richten sich immer wieder Hoffnungen auf eine Erneuerung von auÃen. Mit dem Ruf nach Seiteneinsteigern verbindet sich die Erwartung auf mehr Kompetenz, breitere ReprÃ¤sentation und grÃ¶Ãere Orientierung am Gemeinwohl. Inwieweit Seiteneinsteiger freilich diese Erwartungen zu erfÃ¼llen vermÃ¶gen, welche Eigenschaften, FÃ¤higkeiten und Erfahrungen sie mitbringen mÃ¼ssen, was also einen erfolgreichen von einem erfolglosen Seiteneinsteiger unterscheidet, bleibt dabei unklar. Dieser Band beantwortet diese entscheidenden Fragen und untersucht am Beispiel von 23 politischen Karrieren Erfolg und Misserfolg von Seiteneinsteigern.
Apparatus for monitoring high temperature ultrasonic characterization (2023)

A method and an apparatus for nondestructive detecting and evaluating chas in the microstructural properties of a material by employing one or more magnetostrictive transducers linked to the material by means of one or more sonic signal conductors. The magnetostrictive transducer or transducers are connected to a pulser/receiver which in turn is connected to an oscilloscope. The oscilloscope is connected to a computer which employs an algorithm to evaluate changes in the velocity of a signal transmitted to the material sample as function of time and temperature.
Recruitment of bone marrow stromal cells in the cerebral microvasculature after focal ischemia‐reperfusion is mediated by selectins (2007)

The therapeutic potential of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) has been demonstrated in different models of stroke. While it is well known that BMSC migrate and home to the site of brain injury, the mechanism underlying this cell recruitment is not known. We hypothesize that after stroke, cerebrovascular endothelium expresses adhesion molecules that allow BMSC to recognize and home to the injury site. Stroke was induced in C57BL/6 mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) for 1 h, followed by 24 h reperfusion (MCAo/R). BMSC from H-2Kb-tsA58 mice were fluorescently labeled and administered (24 h after stroke) i.v. with or without an E- or P-selectin blocking antibody. BMSC were observed in cortical vessels using intravital microscopy. Significant adhesion (76±5 cells/mm2) of BMSC was observed in venules after MCAo/R, while a low number of adherent BMSC was detected in sham mice (16±4 cells/mm2). E- and P-selectin antibodies blocked the adhesion of BMSC in cerebral venules after stroke (36 ±4 & 10±3 cells/mm2 respectively). These findings indicate that cerebral endothelium assume a pro-adhesive phenotype following MCAO/R that favors the recruitment of BMSC into the infarct area. This adhesive interface between the blood and endothelial cell surface represents an important therapeutic target for enhancement of stem cell delivery to sites of ischemic infarction following stroke. (HL26441)
Imaging and Patterning of Monomolecular Resists by Zone-Plate-Focused X-ray Microprobe (2003)

Soft X-ray scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) was applied to image and characterize molecular patterns produced by electron irradiation of various aliphatic and aromatic thiol-derived self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The observed chemical contrasts allowed us to monitor complex phenomena which occurred as a result of electron-beam patterning, the exposure of the patterned films to ambient, and the irradiation of the films by the X-ray microprobe during image acquisition. The latter effect has been analyzed in detail and utilized for direct lithographic writing in the SAM resists by the zone-plate-focused X-ray beam. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the SPEM technique both for chemical imaging and as a fabrication tool for micro- and nanolithography.
Erratum: “A Wavelength-Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Double-Ring Laser with Stabilized Single-Frequency Operation” (2005)

A stable and tunable fiber double-ring laser based on erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Widely tunable range from 1527 to 1567 nm, the side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of >45.6 dB/0.05 nm and the output power of >1.04 dBm in the operating range from 1535 to 1565 nm can be achieved for this ring laser. By applying the double-ring configuration, the ring laser is stabilized. The central wavelength variation of <0.02 nm and the power fluctuation of <0.03 dBm can therefore be retrieved.
OpenPiton (2016)

Industry is building larger, more complex, manycore processors on the back of strong institutional knowledge, but academic projects face difficulties in replicating that scale. To alleviate these difficulties and to develop and share knowledge, the community needs open architecture frameworks for simulation, synthesis, and software exploration which support extensibility, scalability, and configurability, alongside an established base of verification tools and supported software. In this paper we present OpenPiton, an open source framework for building scalable architecture research prototypes from 1 core to 500 million cores. OpenPiton is the world's first open source, general-purpose, multithreaded manycore processor and framework. OpenPiton leverages the industry hardened OpenSPARC T1 core with modifications and builds upon it with a scratch-built, scalable uncore creating a flexible, modern manycore design. In addition, OpenPiton provides synthesis and backend scripts for ASIC and FPGA to enable other researchers to bring their designs to implementation. OpenPiton provides a complete verification infrastructure of over 8000 tests, is supported by mature software tools, runs full-stack multiuser Debian Linux, and is written in industry standard Verilog. Multiple implementations of OpenPiton have been created including a taped-out 25-core implementation in IBM's 32nm process and multiple Xilinx FPGA prototypes.
Magnetic resonance imaging-guided renal artery stent placement in a swine model: Comparison of two tracking techniques (2008)

For MRI-guided renal artery stent placement, the microcoil-based technique had a shorter procedure time and a higher stent placement precision than the susceptibility artifact-based approach.
Agile Pathfinding Technology Prototyping: the Hunt for Directional Correctness (2020)

New tools and methodologies are fused with conventional elements of the process-design-kit (PDK) and design enablement to introduce a rigorous yet fast and agile technology prototyping platform. This design technology cooptimization (DTCO) solution replaces the rigid, time and resources consuming PDK to enhance the core functions critical to evaluate power, performance area and cost (PPAC). Any technology definition with any device or process integration innovation can be evaluated at the standard cell level first, and then at the block level to explore and understand the requirements of different design applications. The flexibility and fast turn-around make it practical to imagine, test and compare many technology prototypes. From simple evolutions to innovative disruptions, the feasibility and value of the technology choices and hardware tools required can be identified early with great detail, significantly accelerating the development of future process tools. To illustrate the efficiency of the platform, complementary-FET (CFET) [1] technologies are compared to reference finFET technologies. As we approach the fundamental limits of dimensional scaling, with so many choices ahead of us including 3D constructs, we need efficient technology prototyping to navigate and steer in the right direction.