gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced wide-spectrum vibration suppression based on adaptive loop shaping (2016)

In linear feedback control, the attenuation of disturbances at the designer-selected frequencies is subjected to the fundamental limitation of undesired error amplifications at other frequencies, due to the “waterbed” effect that is induced from Bode's Integral Theorem. In the presence of unknown disturbances with high-frequency wide-spectrum peaks, such undesired error amplifications severely degrades the closed-loop servo performance, and are extremely difficult to control using traditional loop shaping techniques. In this paper, a direct adaptive control approach is proposed based on adaptive loop shaping and disturbance observer (DOB). The proposed algorithm offers more flexibilities in controlling the “waterbed” effect, to achieve enhanced attenuation of the unknown wide-spectrum disturbances. Verification of the proposed algorithm is provided by simulations of hard disk drives (HDDs) for audio vibration suppression.
Neo-Noumena (2020)

The subjective experience of emotion is notoriously difficult to interpersonally communicate. We believe that technology can challenge this notion through the design of neuroresponsive systems for interpersonal communication. We explore this through "Neo-Noumena", a communicative neuroresponsive system that uses brain-computer interfacing and artificial intelligence to read one's emotional states and dynamically represent them to others in mixed reality through two head-mounted displays. In our study five participant pairs were given Neo-Noumena for three days, using the system freely. Measures of emotional competence demonstrated a statistically significant increase in participants' ability to interpersonally regulate emotions. Furthermore, participant interviews revealed themes regarding Spatiotemporal Actualization, Objective Representation, and Preternatural Transmission. We also suggest design strategies for future augmented emotion communication systems. We intend that work gives guidance towards a future in which our ability to interpersonally communicate emotion is augmented beyond traditional experience.
A 0.05pJ/Pixel 70fps FHD 1Meps Event-Driven Visual Data Processing Unit (2020)

An Event-driven visual data Processing Unit (EPU) exploits temporal redundancy in stationary camera video streams to localize motion-based Regions-of-Interest (RoI), saving compute FLOPs and memory bandwidth (BW) for Deep Learning (DL) based object detection. The proposed EPU supports FHD frames at 70fps and can be time-multiplexed across multiple video streams. The EPU pipeline consists of event detection, event clustering, event cluster dilation and RoI extraction and occupies 0.34mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 10nm CMOS. Frame-based, inter- and intra-frame event-driven power management schemes minimize normalized energy/pixel to 0.05pJ at 0.65V. RoI filtering with an EPU frontend improves the end-to-end (E2E) energy-efficiency of a deep-learning (DL) based vision pipeline by 5X, while improving its throughput by 4.3X.
Controllable coacervation of recombinantly produced spider silk protein using kosmotropic salts (2019)

Recent developments suggest that the phase transition of natural and synthetic biomacromolecules represents an important and ubiquitous mechanism underlying structural assemblies toward the fabrication of high-performance materials. Such a transition results in the formation of condensed liquid droplets, described as condensates or coacervates. Being able to effectively control the assembly of such entities is essential for tuning the quality and their functionality. Here we describe how self-coacervation of genetically engineered spidroin-inspired proteins can be preceded by a wide range of kosmotropic salts. We studied the kinetics and mechanisms of coacervation in different conditions, from direct observation of initial phase separation to the early stage of nucleation/growth and fusion into large fluid assemblies. We found that coacervation induced by kosmotropic salts follows the classical nucleation theory and critically relies on precursor clusters of few weak-interacting protein monomers. Depending on solution conditions and the strength of the supramolecular interaction as a function of time, coacervates with a continuum of physiochemical properties were observed. We observed similar characteristics in other protein-based coacervates, which include having a spherical-ellipsoid shape in solution, an interconnected bicontinuous network, surface adhesion, and wetting properties. Finally, we demonstrated the use of salt-induced self-coacervates of spidroin-inspired protein as a cellulosic binder in dried condition.
A Discrete Supramolecular Conglomerate Composed of Two Saddle‐Distorted Zinc(II)‐Phthalocyanine Complexes and a Doubly Protonated Porphyrin with Saddle Distortion Undergoing Efficient Photoinduced Electron Transfer (2008)

Blazing saddles: A supramolecular conglomerate is formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between two saddle-distorted ZnII–phthalocyanine complexes coordinated by 4-pyridinecarboxylate and one doubly protonated saddle-distorted porphyrin dication. The assembly undergoes photoinduced intrasupramolecular electron transfer to generate an electron-transfer state with the lifetime of 667 ps. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z802601_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Compact Sub-Picosecond Multi-mJ Multi-kHz Yb:YAG Amplifier (2015)

link_to_subscribed_fulltext
Functionalized graphene/silicon chemi-diode H2 sensor with tunable sensitivity (2014)

A reverse bias tunable Pd- and Pt-functionalized graphene/Si heterostructure Schottky diode H2 sensor has been demonstrated. Compared to the graphene chemiresistor sensor, the chemi-diode sensor offers more than one order of magnitude higher sensitivity as the molecular adsorption induced Schottky barrier height change causes the heterojunction current to vary exponentially in reverse bias. The reverse bias operation also enables low power consumption, as well as modulation of the atomically thin graphene's Fermi level, leading to tunable sensitivity and detection of H₂ down to the sub-ppm range.
Epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer (2019)

Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. Tumor genotype variations among tumors within different patients are known as interpatient heterogeneity, and variability among multiple tumors of the same type arising in the same patient is referred to as intra-patient heterogeneity. Subpopulations of cancer cells with distinct phenotypic and molecular features within a tumor are called intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). Since Nowell proposed the clonal evolution of tumor cell populations in 1976, tumor heterogeneity, especially ITH, was actively studied. Research has focused on the genetic basis of cancer, particularly mutational activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). The phenomenon of ITH is commonly explained by Darwinian-like clonal evolution of a single tumor. Despite the monoclonal origin of most cancers, new clones arise during tumor progression due to the continuous acquisition of mutations. It is clear that disruption of the "epigenetic machinery" plays an important role in cancer development. Aberrant epigenetic changes occur more frequently than gene mutations in human cancers. The epigenome is at the intersection of the environment and genome. Epigenetic dysregulation occurs in the earliest stage of cancer. The current trend of epigenetic therapy is to use epigenetic drugs to reverse and/or delay future resistance to cancer therapies. A majority of cancer therapies fail to achieve durable responses, which is often attributed to ITH. Epigenetic therapy may reverse drug resistance in heterogeneous cancer. Complete understanding of genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity may assist in designing combinations of targeted therapies based on molecular information extracted from individual tumors.
On the effect of channel fading on greedy scheduling (2012)

Greedy Maximal Scheduling (GMS) is an attractive low-complexity scheme for scheduling in wireless networks. Recent work has characterized its throughput for the case when there is no fading/channel variations. This paper aims to understand the effect of channel variations on the relative throughput performance of GMS vis-a-vis that of an optimal scheduler facing the same fading. The effect is not a-priori obvious because, on the one hand, fading could help by decoupling/precluding global states that lead to poor GMS performance, while on the other hand fading adds another degree of freedom in which an event unfavorable to GMS could occur. We show that both these situations can occur when fading is adversarial. In particular, we first define the notion of a Fading Local Pooling factor (F-LPF), and show that it exactly characterizes the throughput of GMS in this setting. We also derive general upper and lower bounds on F-LPF. Using these bounds, we provide two example networks - one where the relative performance of GMS is worse than if there were no fading, and one where it is better.
Transcriptional activation of the anchoring protein SAP97 by heat shock factor (HSF)‐1 stabilizes Kv1.5 channels in HL‐1 cells (2011)

HSF-1 induced transcription of SAP97 through SIRT1-dependent interaction with HSEs; the increase in SAP97 resulted in stabilization of K(v)1.5 channels. These effects were mimicked by GGA.
Optical data storage by using orthogonal wavelength-multiplexed volume holograms (1992)

We propose a volume holographic data storage scheme that employs counterpropagating reference and image beams and wavelength multiplexing for page differentation. This method is compared with that based on angular multiplexing. A reduction in holographic cross talk is predicted. Further cross-talk reduction that is due to sidelobe suppression is observed in experiments by using photorefractive crystals and the proposed orthogonal data storage.
Cloning and Biologic Activities of a Bovine Interferon-α Isolated from the Epithelium of a Rotavirus-Infected Calf (1996)

A cDNA encoding a distinct bovine (Bo) interferon (IFN) α, designated BoIFN-αE, was generated from gut epithelial cells isolated from a rotavirus-infected calf. The BoIFN-αE cDNA sequence shared a greater than 90% identity with the other BoIFN-α subtypes. The cDNA encoding BoIFN-αE has been expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) as a vector. Insect cells infected with recombinant virus secreted a protein with a relative molecular mass of 19,500 into the culture medium not observed in cells infected with wild-type AcMNPV. Supernatants harvested from cultures of insect cells infected with the recombinant AcMNPV encoding IFN-αE inhibited the replication of Semliki Forest virus in a bovine cell line and typically showed 106 dilution units/ml of antiviral activity. However, differences were observed between the activities of recombinant BoIFN-αE and BoIFN-α1 1 on the proliferation of WC1+ γ/δ T cells. Purified ( > 99%) WC1+ γ/δ T cells failed to proliferate to IFN-α1 1 or concanavalin A and IFN-αE acted as a weak proliferative signal to these cells, demonstrating a functional difference between two closely related BoIFN-α subtypes.
Low extracellular magnesium results in cardiac failure in isolated perfused rat hearts. (1993)

Previous studies on isolated blood vessels indicate that acute withdrawal of extracellular magnesium ions ([Mg2+]o) induces calcium-dependent contractile responses, including coronary blood vessels. The present study, using isolated perfused rat hearts, was designed to assess whether low [Mg2+]o could result in cardiac failure and to gain some insight into the mechanism of action. The results show that both the myocardial oxygen consumption (by 29-38%) and oxygen tension in the coronary effluent decreased (by 18-26%) as the [Mg2+]o was decreased stepwise from 1.2 to 0.6, 0.3 and 0.0 mM. Linear-regression analysis of a plot of coronary flow versus the rate of oxygen consumption shows that there is a tendency for a rightward shift of this relationship in low [Mg2+]o and a leftward shift of the curve in elevated [Mg2+]o (4.8 mM). The experiments also show that with low [Mg2+]o, coronary flow declines 20-37%, and cardiac output and stroke volume fall 24-50% accompanied by 3- to 4-fold elevations in lactate production and eventual, irreversible cardiac failure. An interesting finding, of this study, is that the alpha-adrenoceptor constrictor agonist, phenylephrine (1-5 microM), was found to have effects very similar to low [Mg2+]o. This latter finding is consonant with our hypothesis that progressive lowering of extracellular, ionized magnesium initiates progressive coronary vasoconstriction, decreased tissue oxygenation and myocardial ischemia, which given time, in situ, in the intact host can lead to cardiac failure.
High-power laser arrays with 100% fill factor emission facet (2008)

Novel types of laser diode array with a 100% filling factor at the emission facet are reported. The arrays utilize both parallel and tapered cavity emitters that are connected via a common Laterally Unconfined Non-Absorbing Mirror (LUNAM) defined with quantum-well intermixing technology at 808 nm wavelength. Two LUNAM array types are considered: incoherent (weakly coupled) and coherent (diffraction coupled). Incoherent LUNAM arrays benefit from a reduced power density at the facet, improving reliability, and a near-uniform intensity distribution across the array aperture. Stacked laser diode arrays built with LUNAM bars deliver 950 W power under QCW operation with <5% degradation at 1.9&times;10<sup>8</sup> shots. Novel coherent arrays are realized using a monolithically integrated LUNAM Talbot cavity. The devices produce a single-lobed horizontal far-field pattern over a limited current range with <10% slope efficiency penalty compared to an uncoupled case. The LUNAM arrays are promising candidates for high-power, high-brightness and high-reliability operation.
Optically switched graphene/4H-SiC junction bipolar transistor (2023)

A bi-polar device is provided, along with methods of making the same. The bi-polar device can include a semiconductor substrate doped with a first dopant, a semiconductor layer on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a Schottky barrier layer on the semiconductor layer. The method of forming a bi-polar device can include: forming a semiconductor layer on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate, where the semiconductor substrate comprises a first dopant and where the semiconductor layer comprises a second dopant that has an opposite polarity than the first dopant; and forming a Schottky barrier layer on a first portion of the semiconductor layer while leaving a second portion of the semiconductor layer exposed.
Multiple antibody specificities (gp41, V1V2, and V3) elicited in the phase II multiclade (A, B, C) HIV-1 DNA prime, rAd5 boost vaccine trial (2012)

Multiple antibody specificities (gp41, V1V2, and V3) elicited in the phase II multiclade (A, B, C) HIV-1 DNA prime, rAd5 boost vaccine trial WB Williams, K Jones, A Krambrink, D Grove, P Liu, NL Yates, MA Moody, G Ferrari, J Pollara, Z Moodie, CA Morgan, H Liao, DC Montefiori, C Ochsenbauer, J Kappes, S Hammer, J Mascola, R Koup, L Corey, G Nabel, P Gilbert, G Churchyard, M Keefer, BS Graham, BF Haynes, GD Tomaras
Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced VCAM-1 Expression in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells Through Extracellular Ca2+ Influx (2008)

An extracellular calcium-dependent H2O2 pathway is the critical mediator of VCAM-1 expression by pancreatic islets and beta-cells. Inhibition of this pathway by catalase overexpression in donor islets can be exploited to protect against xenoislet immune responses.
Spectrally-efficient L-C band EDFA having a seamless interband channel region using sampled FBGs (2001)

We report a method and experimental demonstration for an L-C band silica-based erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) utilizing the entire wavelength range of both the L and C bands with no "dead zone" in between. Sampled fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are used to split the L and C bands, thereby providing amplification at many discrete wavelengths as well as a sharp transition between the two bands. Optical amplification with negligible power penalty is demonstrated within the interband zone using a 1.6-nm spacing between the highest C hand and lowest L band channels.
LA-MAC: Low-latency asynchronous MAC for wireless sensor networks (2012)

The paper presents LA-MAC, a low-latency asynchronous access method for efficient forwarding in wireless sensor networks. It is suitable for current and future sensor networks that increasingly provide support for multiple applications, handle heterogeneous traffic, and become organized according to some complex structure (tree, DAG, partial mesh). It takes advantage of the network structure so that a parent of some nodes becomes a coordinator that schedules transmissions in a localized region. Allowing burst transmissions improves the network capacity so that the network can handle load fluctuations. At the same time, the method reduces energy consumption by decreasing the overhead of node coordination per frame. The paper reports on the results of extensive simulations that compare LA-MAC with B-MAC and X-MAC, two representative methods based on preamble sampling. They show excellent performance of LA-MAC with respect to latency, delivery ratio, and consumed energy.
Chemical Proportionality within Molecular Networks (2021)

Molecular networking of non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry data connects structurally related molecules based on similar fragmentation spectra. Here, we report the <u>Chem</u>ical <u>Pro</u>portionality (ChemProp) contextualization of molecular networks. ChemProp scores the changes of abundance between two connected nodes over sequential data series (e.g., temporal or spatial relationships), which can be displayed as a direction within the network to prioritize potential biological and chemical transformations or proportional changes of (biosynthetically) related compounds. We tested the ChemProp workflow on a ground truth data set of a defined mixture and highlighted the utility of the tool to prioritize specific molecules within biological samples, including bacterial transformations of bile acids, human drug metabolism, and bacterial natural products biosynthesis. The ChemProp workflow is freely available through the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) environment.
LATISSIMUS DORSI TENDON TRANSFER FOR IRREPARABLE POSTEROSUPERIOR ROTATOR CUFF TEARS (2006)

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of latissimus dorsi tendon transfer in patients with an irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear to help determine which patient and anatomic factors affect clinical outcome. Methods: Fourteen patients with a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer were clinically evaluated with use of the PENN (University of Pennsylvania) shoulder score as well as with quantitative measurement of isometric muscle strength and the range of motion of both shoulders at a minimum of twenty-four months postoperatively. The anatomic results were evaluated with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography. Results: Nine patients were satisfied with the outcome, had significant clinical improvement, and reported that they would have the operation again under similar circumstances. The other five patients were dissatisfied with the result and had significantly worse PENN scores, active elevation, and objective measures of strength. Eight of the nine patients with a good clinical result were male, and four of the five with a poor result were female. Patients with a good clinical result had had significantly better preoperative function in active forward flexion and active external rotation compared with the patients with a poor result. The magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated healing of the tendon to the greater tuberosity in twelve patients and equivocal healing in two. There was no significant atrophy of any of the transferred muscles. Electromyography demonstrated clear activity in the transferred latissimus muscle during humeral adduction in all fourteen patients, some electrical activity with active forward elevation in only one patient, and some electrical activity with active external rotation in six of the nine patients with a good clinical result. None of the patients with a poor clinical result demonstrated electrical activity of the transferred muscle with active forward flexion or external rotation. Conclusions: Synchronous in-phase contraction of the transferred latissimus dorsi is a variable finding following the surgical treatment of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, but when it is present it is associated with a better clinical result. Preoperative shoulder function and general strength influence the clinical result. Female patients with poor shoulder function and generalized muscle weakness prior to surgery have a greater likelihood of having a poor clinical result. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections of the Hip and Knee (2010)

No preferred test for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection exists, and the algorithm for the workup of patients suspected of infection remains unclear. The work group evaluated the available literature to determine the role of each diagnostic modality and devise a practical algorithm that allows physicians to reach diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. Ten of the 15 recommendations have strong or moderate evidence in support. These include matters involving erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level testing, knee and hip aspiration, and stopping the use of antibiotics prior to obtaining intra-articular cultures. The group recommends against the use of intraoperative Gram stain but does recommend the use of frozen sections of peri-implant tissues in reoperation patients in whom infection has not been established, as well as multiple cultures in reoperation patients being assessed for infection. The group recommends against initiating antibiotic treatment in patients with suspected infection until after joint cultures have been obtained, but recommends that prophylactic preoperative antibiotics not be withheld in patients at lower probability for infection.
Transduced Bovine Articular Chondrocytes Affect the Metabolism of Cocultured Nucleus Pulposus Cells In Vitro: Implications for Chondrocyte Transplantation Into the Intervertebral Disc (2005)

Bovine NP cells are stimulated to produce proteoglycans and collagen when exposed to chondrocytes transduced with genes for various BMPs. If applied to the treatment of disc degeneration, this strategy could provide the disc with not only metabolically active chondrocytes but also promote matrix replenishment by stimulating native NP cells.