gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nd 2 O 3 Doping on the Reaction Process and Sintering Behavior of BaCeO 3 Ceramics (1994)

The influence of Nd 2 O 3 doping on the reaction process and sintering behavior of BaCeO 3 is investigated. Formation of BaCeO 3 is initiated at 800°C and completed at 1000°C. When Nd 2 O 3 is added to the starting materials, the formation of BaCe 1–x Nd x O 3–δ is delayed and the temperature for complete reaction is increased to 1100°C. Only a BaCe 1‐x Nd x O 3–δ solid solution with an orthorhombic crystal structure is present in the specimens for x ≤ 0.1. A secondary phase rich in Ce and Nd is formed within grains and at grain boundaries, when the Nd 2 O 3 content is greater than the solubility limit (x ≥ 0.2). Pure BaCeO 3 is difficult to sinter, even at 1500°C, and only a porous microstructure could be obtained. However, doping BaCeO 3 with Nd 2 O 3 markedly enhances its sinterability. The enhancement of the sinterability of Nd 2 O 3 ‐doped specimens at x ≤ 0.1 is attributed to the increase in the concentration of oxygen ion vacancies, which increases the diffusion rate. At x ≥ 0.2, the grain size is abnormally coarsened, which is caused by the formation of a liquid phase. While this liquid phase accelerates sintering, its beneficial effect on densification is counteracted by the segregation of the secondary grain‐boundary phase which inhibits sintering.
Ballistic hot-electron transport in nanoscale semiconductor heterostructures: Exact self-energy of a three-dimensional periodic tight-binding Hamiltonian (2004)

As the length scale for semiconductor heterostructures approaches the regime of the lattice constant, our current theory for calculating ballistic hot-electron transport becomes inapplicable. In this case, a method such as the Green's function formalism should be used to calculate ballistic electron transmission functions from the exact, periodic lattice potential. We present a method for directly calculating the exact surface Green's function for three-dimensional periodic leads which is necessary for such a scheme. Except in cases of high crystal symmetry, the method is limited by the difficulty to solve a nonsymmetric matrix Riccati equation.
A Novel Domperidone Hydrogel: Preparation, Characterization, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Properties (2011)

The purpose of the present study was to prepare a novel domperidone hydrogel. The domperidone dispersion was prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The characteristics of domperidone dispersion were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry, and solubility test, respectively. Domperidone hydrogel was prepared by directly incorporating the domperidone dispersion in Carbopol hydrogel to increase its mucoadhesive properties to gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were investigated to evaluate the relative oral bioavailability and the propulsion efficacy of domperidone hydrogel as compared with market domperidone tablet (Motilium tablet). The particle size of domperidone dispersion in distilled water was 454.0 nm. The results of DSC and X-ray indicated that domperidone in dispersion was in amorphous state. The solubility of domperidone in the dispersion in distilled water, pH of 1, 5, and 7 buffer solution was 45.7-, 63.9-, 13.1-, and 3.7-fold higher than that of raw domperidone, respectively. The area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC 0–24 ) in domperidone hydrogel was 2.2-fold higher than that of tablet. The prolonged propulsion efficacy in the domperidone hydrogel group compared to that in tablet group was observed in the pharmacodynamic test.
L-band power amplifier exhibits highest ruggedness rating (2008)

A new silicon transistor has been developed that enables the design of high power amplifiers through its unique high voltage capability and the novel device structure. The HVVFETtrade (high voltage vertical field effect transistor) technology has been optimized for pulsed applications above 1 GHz. The unique device structure enables high power amplifier designs that exhibit extreme ruggedness. The power amplifiers produced with the HVVFET technology are characterized at rated output power, full supply voltage and output VSWR of 20:1 over all phase angles in production.
Two real-world case studies on 3D web applications for participatory urban planning (2017)

3D Web is a potential platform for publishing and distributing 3D visualizations that have proven useful in enabling the participation of the general public in urban planning. However, technical requirements imposed by detailed and rich real-world plans and related functionalities are demanding for 3D web technologies. In this paper we explore the maturity of modern 3D web technologies in participatory urban planning through two real-world case studies. Applications built on Unity-based platform are published on the web to allow the general public to create, browse and comment on urban plans. The virtual models of seven urban development sites of different visual styles are optimized in terms of download sizes and memory use to be feasible on browsers used by the general public. We report qualitative feedback from users and present a technical analysis of the applications in terms of download sizes, runtime performance and memory use. We summarize the findings of the case studies into an assessment of the general feasibility of modern 3D web technologies in web-based urban planning.
Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System to Examine the Relationship between Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitor Therapy and Congestive Heart Failure among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2013)

Purpose: Based on preliminary case reports of congestive heart failure (CHF) with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor therapy, we examined the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for any signals for CHF with TNF-α inhibitors in IBD patients. Methods: A total of 3,171,655 reports of AEs between January, 2003 and June, 2012 were downloaded and analyzed using SPSS 20 (IBM Co. Armonk, NY, USA). Reports were first queried for an indication of IBD. They were then queried, this subset, for Primary Suspect (PS) AEs of CHF with TNF-α inhibitors (adalimumab, certolizumab and infliximab), immunomodulators (thiopurines, methotrexate, and calcineurin inhibitors), and steroids, using both trade and generic names, along with control drugs (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA] and sulphasalazine, including trade names) as a basis of comparison. Reaction terms used for query included “cardiac failure acute/chronic/congestive,” “right/left ventricular failure,” etc. Additionally, reporting biases in the FAERS were minimized by using control reactions (hernia, deafness, and vertigo), predefined to have no association with study or control drugs. Concomitant medication lists were searched exhaustively for drugs indicative of preexisting cardiovascular comorbidity, including antihypertensive medications, as well as drugs known to exacerbate CHF, including NSAIDs and beta blockers. Odds ratios (OR) for CHF with TNF-α inhibitor monotherapy, as well as combination therapy with systemic corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, were calculated with the Fischer's exact test. Results: A total of 198 cases of CHF were identified (table 1), with a majority reported with TNF-α inhibitor monotherapy (104 reports, 52.5%). Infliximab exposure was reported in 121 patients (65.4%), adalimumab in 53 (28.7%), certolizumab in 8 (4.3%), and multiple TNF-α inhibitors in 3 (1.6%). Mortality was highest (35.7%) with TNF-α inhibitor usage along with corticosteroids and immunomodulators (Table 1). The odds of CHF with TNF-α inhibitor monotherapy was lower than with control drugs (OR 0.37; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.17-0.83; p = 0.02) (Table 2). TNF-α inhibitor usage, along with corticosteroids and immunomodulators also showed a trend towards decreased OR for CHF. Analysis eliminating reports of patients with preexisting cardiovascular comorbidity demonstrated similar results, highlighting the robustness of our findings.Table 1: Characteristics of patients with congestive heart failure reported with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in inflammatory bowel diseaseTable 2: Comparison of reported congestive heart failure with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors and control drugs in patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseConclusion: Our data does not confirm previous observations that TNF-alpha inhibitor therapy causes congestive heart failure.
Analysis and Experiment of Helical Spring-Type Pressure and Shear Sensor (2005)

In this paper, we propose a sensor that detects both pressure and shear informations by a helical spring and strain gages. The stresses working on the wire of spring are analyzed. The way to attach strain gages on the spring is discussed and the calibration procedure is shown. Finally, experiments are carried out and the effectiveness of the sensor is shown.
Method for removing a foulant from a gas stream without external refrigeration (2023)

A process for removing a foulant from a gas stream is disclosed. The gas stream, containing a foulant, is cooled across a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, producing a solid foulant entrained in cryogenic liquid as a foulant slurry, and a foulant-depleted gas stream. The foulant-depleted gas stream is passed through a cryogenic turbine and a first separation vessel, producing a light gas stream and further solid foulant. The solid foulants are recovered by a combination of pressurization, melting, and distillation to produce a liquid foulant product. Heat is recovered from the various streams in the various heat exchangers and the melter.
The Number of D and E Regions in the Fibrinogen Molecule (1974)

The regional structure of fibrinogen was considered in reference to the terminal plasmin-cleavage fragments, D and E. By two independent approaches, a yield of two D and two E fragments was determined and this established the presence of two D and two E regions in each fibrinogen molecule. Immunochemically, it was shown that the expression of native fibrinogen determinants by the D:E complex was fully reconstituted by an equimolar mixture of D and E fragments, while other recombinant ratios failed to yield optimal reconstitution. Utilizing the cleavage-associated neoantigen of fibrinogen, fg-D(neo), as a quantitative immunochemical marker, it was determined that complete digestion of fibrinogen by plasmin yielded two D fragments. Since the D:E complex appeared to consist of an equal number of D and E fragments, the presence of two E regions and two D regions in fibrinogen was indicated. In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the linear relationship between the concentration of the D or E fragment and its densitometric area in the gel was utilized to quantitate the yield of D and E fragments in terminal digests. The yield of two D and two E fragments was demonstrated and it was also shown that the yield of fragments was independent of the plasmin concentration and of the length of exposure of the D and E fragments to the enzyme. Thus, it appears that fibrinogen is a highly symmetrical molecule consisting of two E regions as well as two D regions.
Energy-efficient quantum computing (2017)

Abstract In the near future, one of the major challenges in the realization of large-scale quantum computers operating at low temperatures is the management of harmful heat loads owing to thermal conduction of cabling and dissipation at cryogenic components. This naturally raises the question that what are the fundamental limitations of energy consumption in scalable quantum computing. In this work, we derive the greatest lower bound for the gate error induced by a single application of a bosonic drive mode of given energy. Previously, such an error type has been considered to be inversely proportional to the total driving power, but we show that this limitation can be circumvented by introducing a qubit driving scheme which reuses and corrects drive pulses. Specifically, our method serves to reduce the average energy consumption per gate operation without increasing the average gate error. Thus our work shows that precise, scalable control of quantum systems can, in principle, be implemented without the introduction of excessive heat or decoherence.
Radiofrequency ablation in ventricular fibrillation. (2008)

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most common arrhythmic cause of sudden cardiac death. The present recommendation for prevention of VF is ICD implantation. However, ICDs are costly; the shocks they give are often very uncomfortable for the patient and they may need reimplantation if there is battery depletion. Radiofrequency ablation of VF was pioneered by Haissaguerre1 and is presently being tried by many investigators. VF is triggered mainly by an ectopic impulse falling in the vulnerable period and it is maintained by multiple reentrant wavelets. RFA of VF aims at controlling the trigger, that is, to eliminate the ectopic focus.
Determinants of outcome in Covid-19 hospitalized patients with lymphoma: A retrospective multicentric cohort study (2020)

There have been no specific funds to run this study.
RAF: a dynamic and efficient approach to fusion for multitarget tracking in CCTV surveillance (2003)

The fusion of sensory information in tracking multiple targets in CCTV surveillance video is crucial for obtaining robust tracking performance. We introduce a dynamic and efficient approach, called "rank and fuse" (RAF), based on the use of multiple feature ranking and merging per target. This approach is designed to support the study of issues involved in sensory fusion for multi-target CCTV tracking. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the use of the RAF approach for a "difficult" example from CCTV surveillance, exploring the advantage of rank versus score combinations. The approach has the advantages of low computational complexity, easy scalability to multiple features, and low-latency.
Accuracy of N‐terminal‐pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide in patients admitted to emergency department (2008)

The diagnostic accuracy of Nt-proANP was equivalent to BNP and Nt-proBNP in the present cohort of patients admitted to ED with dyspnoea and/or chest pain.
A tunable dispersion compensator with fixed bandwidth for WDM systems using a uniform FBG (2001)

Summary form only given. Chromatic dispersion is a critical limitation in reconfigurable WDM networks and high bit rate long haul transmission systems. Many solutions have been proposed for dispersion compensation. Some of the most promising approaches use chirped fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as the tunable compensator. However, most tuning methods result in a passband bandwidth change and/or a shift in the center wavelength of the passband. Such changes may cause severe crosstalk as well as limitation in channel spacing. Therefore, highly desirable features in a tunable dispersion compensator are a fixed bandwidth and a fixed passband center wavelength, to avoid interference from neighboring channels. We demonstrate a tunable dispersion compensator for WDM channels with a fixed bandwidth and no shift of the passband center wavelength during tuning.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (+)-Kibdelone A and a Tetrahydroxanthone Analogue (2013)

The total synthesis of kibdelone A has been accomplished via In(III)-catalyzed arylation of a heterocyclic quinone monoketal and iodine-mediated oxidative photochemical electrocyclization for construction of the ABCD ring moiety. Enzymatic dihydroxylation of methyl 2-halobenzoate substrates was employed for synthesis of activated 2-halo-cyclohexene F-ring fragments. A one pot oxa-Michael/Friedel-Crafts process allowed access to the first simplified DEF ring analogues of the kibdelones.
Association of cachexia with loss of function mutations in STK11/LKB1 for NSCLC. (2023)

e15099 Background: Cancer cachexia (CC), a wasting syndrome of muscle and adipose tissue resulting in weight loss, occurs in 50% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Management of CC is limited by the absence of biomarkers and knowledge of molecules that drive its phenotype. The evolving landscape of increased genomic testing of human tumors and derived cell lines has further given us an opportunity to leverage these findings to identify a genetic biomarker that regulates CC development through a novel in vivo human NSCLC cachexia screen. Methods: To identify such molecules, we injected 54 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines into immunodeficient mice, 17 of which produced an unambiguous phenotype of cachexia (n = 10) or non-cachexia (n = 7). Whole exome sequencing of tumors was conducted to identify candidate cachexia-associated genes and gene variant analysis was conducted to identify gene variants that associated with NSCLC-associated CC. CRISPR/Cas9 targeted gene silencing in human NSCLC and mouse cancer lines verified if target genes conferred the cachexia phenotype. Circulating tumor DNA analysis of a 246 NSCLC patient cohort was used to confirm candidate gene variants association with cancer-related weight loss. Results: Whole exome sequencing revealed that 8 of 10 cachexia lines, but none of the non-cachexia lines, possessed mutations in STK11/LKB1 (p = 2x10 -12 ), a regulator of nutrient sensor AMP kinase. Silencing of STK11/LKB1 in human NSCLC and murine colorectal carcinoma lines conferred a cachexia phenotype after cell transplantation into immunodeficient and immunocompetent models, respectively. This host wasting was associated with an alteration in the immune cell repertoire of the tumor microenvironments that led to increases in local mRNA expression and serum levels of CC-associated cytokines resulting in host adipose and muscle tissue wasting. Mutational analysis of circulating tumor DNA from 246 NSCLC patients identified 89% concordance between STK11/LKB1 mutations and weight loss at cancer diagnosis (OR = 17 ± 1, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The current data provides evidence that tumor STK11/LKB1 loss of function is a driver of CC in NSCLC, simultaneously serving as the first genetic biomarker for this wasting syndrome.
Faceting Induced by Ultrathin Metal Films: A First Principles Study (1997)

Using first principles calculations, we studied the overlayer growth mode and the substrate stability when ultrathin layers of various metals are grown on a Mo(111) substrate. We found that the growth mode is Stranski-Krastanov, and the overlayer can induce the substrate to facet, in accordance with recent experimental observations. The growth-induced instability of the substrate towards faceting is driven by the enhancement of the surface energy anisotropy. However, faceting can be forbidden in some cases if the overlayer adsorption does not lower the surface formation energy significantly.
Severity of radiation pneumonitis, from clinical, dosimetric and biological features: a pilot study (2020)

RT induces some degree of RP. Our data suggest that decrease in DLCO% is the most sensitive parameter for the early detection of RP. Moreover, we detect biological differences between the two grades of pneumonitis, highlighting the potential value of some cytokines as a prognostic marker for developing high grade lung toxicity. Further multicenter studies with larger sample size are essential to validate these findings.
Abrogation of the Brd4-Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b Complex by Papillomavirus E2 Protein Contributes to Viral Oncogene Repression (2009)

The cellular bromodomain protein Brd4 is a major interacting partner of the papillomavirus (PV) E2 protein. Interaction of E2 with Brd4 contributes to viral episome maintenance. The E2-Brd4 interaction also plays an important role in repressing viral oncogene expression from the integrated viral genome in human PV (HPV)-positive cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. In host cells, Brd4 recruits positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to stimulate RNA polymerase II phosphorylation during cellular and viral gene expression. P-TEFb associates with the C terminus of Brd4, which largely overlaps with the E2 binding site on Brd4. In this study, we demonstrate that E2 binding to Brd4 inhibits the interaction of endogenous Brd4 and P-TEFb. P-TEFb is essential for viral oncogene E6/E7 transcription in both HeLa and CaSki cells that contain integrated HPV genomes. E2 binding to Brd4 abrogates the recruitment of P-TEFb to the integrated viral chromatin template, leading to inactivation of P-TEFb and repression of the viral oncogene E6/E7. Furthermore, dissociation of the Brd4-P-TEFb complex from the integrated viral chromatin template using a Brd4 bromodomain dominant-negative inhibitor also hampers HPV E6/E7 oncogene expression. Our data support that Brd4 recruitment of P-TEFb to the viral chromatin template is essential for viral oncogene expression. Abrogation of the interaction between P-TEFb and Brd4 thus provides a mechanism for E2-mediated repression of the viral oncogenes from the integrated viral genomes in cancer cells.
Anisotropic, Hierarchical Surface Patterns via Surface Wrinkling of Nanopatterned Polymer Films (2012)

By combining surface wrinkling and nanopatterned polymer films, we create anisotropic, hierarchical surfaces whose larger length-scale (wrinkling wavelength) depends intimately on the geometry and orientation of the smaller length-scale (nanopattern). We systematically vary the pattern pitch, pattern height, and residual layer thickness to ascertain the dependence of the wrinkling wavelength on the nanopattern geometry. We apply a composite mechanics model to gain a quantitative understanding of the relationship between the geometric parameters and the anisotropy in wrinkling wavelength. Additionally, these results shed light on the effect of surface roughness, as represented by the nanopattern, on the metrology of thin films via surface wrinkling.
Purification and characterization of recombinant tissue kallikrein from Escherichia coli and yeast (1991)

A full-length rat tissue kallikrein cDNA was constructed by oligonucleotide engineering through an extension of RSK 1105, a partial cDNA clone containing 534 bp of the 3' end of tissue kallikrein, followed by site-directed mutagenesis to remove the vector sequence from within the chimaeric coding sequence. The cDNA has been cloned both into the plasmid pET3b under the control of the T7 promoter/polymerase system, and into the shuttle vector PYE directed by the alpha-factor promoter. Expression in Escherichia coli was detected by direct radioimmunoassay, and recombinant kallikrein of 36 kDa was identified by Western-blot analysis using both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to rat tissue kallikrein, and by autoradiography of 14C-labelled L-amino acid-labelled-protein synthesis in the presence of rifampicin. Expression in yeast was also detected by direct radioimmunoassay, and recombinant kallikrein was identified by Western-blot analysis with a molecular mass of 39 kDa. The recombinant kallikrein from yeast, however, remained mostly inactive. Kallikrein was purified to apparent homogeneity from E. coli by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and aprotinin-affinity column chromatography and confirmed by the N-terminal ten-amino-acid sequence, which matched the deduced sequence from the cDNA. Both E. coli and yeast recombinant kallikreins have Tos-Arg-OMe-esterolytic and kininogenase activities similar to those of purified tissue kallikrein. Comparisons were made between recombinant kallikreins and rat tissue kallikrein with respect to size, charge, substrate specificity, susceptibility to inhibitors and immunological properties. Our results open the way for the study of kallikrein structure-function relationships through protein engineering.