gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in high-risk prostate cancer subjects. (2013)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the United States. Epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies have implicated chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Diet, environmental carcinogens, aging, and other inflammatory diseases cause aberration in reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may play critical roles in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Chronic inflammation results in lipid peroxidation and generation of highly reactive products with the potential to damage DNA. The extent of ROS-induced oxidative damage can be determined by measuring reductions in levels of endogenous antioxidant defense enzymes such as glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-R), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and non-protein thiols, which participate in detoxification processes. The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative status and antioxidant defense mechanisms in 20 men, 54-84 years of age, with increased risk of developing prostate cancer because of the presence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in their prostate biopsies, as compared to 20 healthy men in the same age range whose prostate biopsies showed no evidence of HGPIN. Total glutathione levels were measured in red blood cells, and plasma levels of GSH-Px, GSH-R, CAT, SOD, and PSA were analyzed. Data obtained after analysis was represented as mean, standard error and box plot. Serum PSA levels were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.0001) higher in men with HGPIN, whereas glutathione (P=0.002) levels were higher in men without HGPIN. Levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized nucleoside of DNA that is most often detected in the DNA of white blood cells, were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.00001) increased in men with HGPIN. There was no significant difference in levels of GSH-R, GSH-Px, lipid peroxide products, CAT, and SOD in men with or without HGPIN. A significant association in between CAT and GSH-Px activity [r= -0.33 (P=0.04)]; PSA levels and 8-OHdG [r= 0.57 (P=0.002] and between glutathione and 8-OHdG [r= -0.39 (P=0.038] were noted between men with HGPIN and healthy controls using Pearson correlation coefficient. These findings indicate that oxidative stress induces imbalances in oxidant/antioxidant status. Increased 8-OHdG levels may lead to oxidative damage and may thereby play an important role in the development of prostate cancer. Citation Format: Sanjeev Shukla, Janmejai K. Srivastava, Rajnee Kanwal, Akbar Nawab, Haripaul Sharma, Natarajan Bhaskaran, Claudia Lillibridge, Lee E. Ponsky, Pingfu Fu, Gregory T. MacLennan, Sanjay Gupta. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in high-risk prostate cancer subjects. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 9. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-9
Preparation and Hydrolytic Stability of Cross-Linked Poly(4-vinylpryridine)-Borane (1985)

Abstract Cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridine) was converted to its borane complex by different methods. The exchange reaction with BH3-THF; the reaction of boron trifluoride iodine, and bromine polymer complexes; as well as the hydrochloride derivative with sodium borohydride were investigated. Polymers with a high borane content were obtained. The borane content was dependent on the cross-linking level and on the method of preparation. The hydrolytic stability of the borane-bound polymer was higher than that of pyridine-borane. The cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridine)-borane showed a high degree of stability toward hydrolysis under acidic conditions. Hydrolysis in acidic media was found to be an autoaccelerated reaction.
Gummi (2003)

We show interaction possibilities and a graphical user interface for deformable, mobile devices. WIMP (windows, icons, mouse, pointer) interfaces are not practical on mobile devices. Gummi explores an alternative interaction technique based on bending of a handheld device.
Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Its Binding Protein-3 (2010)

Our cross-sectional observations in a large community-based sample link lower circulating IGF-1 to greater metabolic risk burden and underscore substantial genetic influences on IGF-1 concentrations. Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate whether lower IGF-1 concentrations predict greater metabolic risk longitudinally.
Fundoscopy: to dilate or not to dilate? (2006)

The risk of precipitating glaucoma with mydriatic eye drops is very small F undoscopy is commonly used by nonophthalmologists to screen for diabetic retinopathy. A common reason for not dilating pupils is concern about the risk of precipitating acute angle closure glaucoma. How big is this risk?
Best Practices for Simulations and Calculations of Nanomaterials for Energy Applications: Avoiding “Garbage In, Garbage Out” (2023)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTBest Practices for Simulations and Calculations of Nanomaterials for Energy Applications: Avoiding "Garbage In, Garbage Out"Mathieu SalanneMathieu SalanneMore by Mathieu Salannehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1753-491X, Jillian M. BuriakJillian M. BuriakMore by Jillian M. Buriakhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-4328, Xiaodong ChenXiaodong ChenMore by Xiaodong Chenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-1664, William ChuehWilliam ChuehMore by William Chuehhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7066-3470, Mark C. HersamMark C. HersamMore by Mark C. Hersamhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-1426, and Raymond E. SchaakRaymond E. SchaakMore by Raymond E. Schaakhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7468-8181Cite this: ACS Nano 2023, 17, 7, 6147–6149Publication Date (Web):April 11, 2023Publication History Published online11 April 2023Published inissue 11 April 2023https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.3c02368https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.3c02368editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2023 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3398Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Density functional theory,Electrolytes,Energy,Fourier transforms,Materials Get e-Alerts
Abstract 15120: Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Pitavastatin into Small Pulmonary Arteies by Intravenous Administration Attenuated the Progression of Already Established Monocrotaline-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats (2014)

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an intractable disease of small pulmonary artery in which multiple pathogenetic factors are involved. We have previously reported that poly(lactic acid/glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle (NP)-mediated targeting of pitavastatin into lungs by intratracheal instillation attenuated the development of PAH. In the present study we examined the effects of intravenous treatment with pitavastatin-NPs on the progression of already established PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT). Methods and Results: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 to 230 g) were injected subcutaneously with 60 mg/kg MCT to induce PAH. At day 17 after MCT injection when PAH had been already established, animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, which treated with intravenous daily bolus administration of the following drugs for consecutive 4 days from 17 to 20 days after MCT injection; 1) vehicle, 2) FITC-NPs, 3) pitavastatin alone (1, 3, 10 or 30 mg/kg), or 4) pitavastatin-NPs (containing 1 or 3 mg/kg pitavastatin). Treatment with pitavastatin-NPs, but not with pitavastatin alone attenuated the progression of established PAH (Fig. A) associated with the reduction of inflammation and small pulmonary artery remodeling (stenosis and obstruction of pulmonary arterial branches) (Fig. B). In trace experiments, intravenous administration of FITC-NPs revealed the targeting of FITC-NPs into small pulmonary artery in rats with MCT-induced PAH, but not in normal animals. Importantly, in a separate protocol, treatment with pitavastatin-NPs improved the survival rate at day 35 (30% in pitavastatin-NP group vs. 61% in FITC-NP group, P&lt;0.05 by Kaplan-Meier). Conclusion: A novel NP-mediated targeting of pitavastatin into small pulmonary arteries by intravenous administration attenuated the progression of established PAH and improved survival associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-remodeling effects in a rat model of MCT-induced PAH.
A Nonsynonymous Variant in GLP-1R Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Koreans (2018)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common complex disorder with strong genetic predisposition. Although different ethnic groups share most of the common variants of T2D, there might be nonsynonymous variants that are specific to an ethnic group. In this study, we used whole exome sequencing (N=917) and exome genotyping array (N=3,026) to identify nonsynonymous variants in Korean T2D cases and controls (stage 1) and validated the findings in an independent set of 15,095 T2D cases and controls (stage 2). Whole exome capture was prepared using Agilent SureSelect version 4+UTR and sequencing was performed by Illumina HiSeq 2000. Nonsynonymous variants were incorporated into customized Axiom Biobank Plus Genotyping array. Genotype imputation was performed with 1,000 Genomes Project phase 3 reference. In silico data look-up was done for stage 2 analyses. EPACTS software was used for association testing and METAL was used for meta-analysis of stage 1 and 2 results. We identified 728,838 variants using whole exome sequencing, which include 258,463 novel variants. A nonsynonymous variant in GLP-1R (rs3765467, R131Q) was associated with decreased risk of T2D in genome-wide significance (OR = 0.85, P = 3.01x10-8). This variant was associated with lower fasting glucose concentration (P = 0.00020) and lower HbA1c level (P = 0.0085) in nondiabetic controls. The minor allele frequency of this variant was 21.1% in Koreans but it was monomorphic in Europeans. We also validated the previous association between PAX4 nonsynonymous variant (rs2233580, R192H) and increased risk of T2D (OR = 1.52, P = 6.41x10-15). This variant was associated with lower age at diagnosis and decreased C-peptide level in T2D cases (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Gene-wise analysis revealed that SLC30A8 was most significantly associated with decreased risk of T2D (P = 0.00010) by Madsen and Browning method. In summary, we have identified East Asian specific nonsynonymous variants in GLP-1R and PAX4 to be associated with T2D in genome-wide significance. Disclosure S. Kwak: None. J. Chae: None. J. Yoon: None. S. Choi: None. S. Lim: None. M. Moon: None. Y. Cho: None. H. Jang: None. Y. Cho: None. H. Kang: None. J. Kim: None. K. Park: None.
El verdadero mapa de las migraciones (2013)

Hace dos anos SEO/BirdLife puso en marcha, con el apoyo de la Fundacion Iberdrola, el programa Migra, centrado en el estudio de la migracion de las aves. El empleo de modernas tecnologias de seguimiento remoto, que han mejorado mucho en los ultimos anos, ha resultado crucial para conocer aspectos clave de los movimientos de las aves. Asi, cuatro carracas estan descubriendo en primicia su espectacular viaje e invernada por Africa, tras recorrer alrededor de 9.500 km hasta llegar a Namibia y Bostwana; y por primera vez se ha determinado en detalle la ruta y zonas de invernada de un paseriforme espanol, concretamente un carricero tordal.
A low-noise wide dynamic range CMOS image sensor with low and high temperatures resistance (2008)

A temperature-resistant 1/3 inch SVGA (800&times;600 pixels) 5.6 &mu;m pixel pitch wide-dynamic-range (WDR) CMOS image sensor has been developed using a lateral-over-flow-integration-capacitor (LOFIC) in a pixel. The sensor chips are fabricated through 0.18 &mu;m 2P3M process with totally optimized front-end-of-line (FEOL) & back-end-of-line (BEOL) for a lower dark current. By implementing a low electrical field potential design for photodiodes, reducing damages, recovering crystal defects and terminating interface states in the FEOL+BEOL, the dark current is improved to 12 e<sup>-</sup> /pixel-sec at 60 deg.C with 50% reduction from the previous very-low-dark-current (VLDC) FEOL and its contribution to the temporal noise is improved. Furthermore, design optimizations of the readout circuits, especially a signal-and noise-hold circuit and a programmable-gain-amplifier (PGA) are also implemented. The measured temporal noise is 2.4 e<sup>-</sup>rms at 60 fps (:36 MHz operation). The dynamic-range (DR) is extended to 100 dB with 237 ke<sup>-</sup> full well capacity. In order to secure the temperature-resistance, the sensor chip also receives both an inorganic cap onto micro lens and a metal hermetic seal package assembly. Image samples at low & high temperatures show significant improvement in image qualities.
InspectJS: Leveraging Code Similarity and User-Feedback for Effective Taint Specification Inference for JavaScript (2022)

Static analysis has established itself as a weapon of choice for detecting security vulnerabilities. Taint analysis in particular is a very general and powerful technique, where security policies are expressed in terms of forbidden flows, either from untrusted input sources to sensitive sinks (in integrity policies) or from sensitive sources to untrusted sinks (in confidentiality policies). The appeal of this approach is that the taint-tracking mechanism has to be implemented only once, and can then be parameterized with different taint specifications (that is, sets of sources and sinks, as well as any sanitizers that render otherwise problematic flows innocuous) to detect many different kinds of vulnerabilities. But while techniques for implementing scalable inter-procedural static taint tracking are fairly well established, crafting taint specifications is still more of an art than a science, and in practice tends to involve a lot of manual effort. Past work has focussed on automated techniques for inferring taint specifications for libraries either from their implementation or from the way they tend to be used in client code. Among the latter, machine learning-based approaches have shown great promise. In this work we present our experience combining an existing machine-learning approach to mining sink specifications for JavaScript libraries with manual taint modelling in the context of GitHub's CodeQL analysis framework. We show that the machine-learning component can successfully infer many new taint sinks that either are not part of the manual modelling or are not detected due to analysis incompleteness. Moreover, we present techniques for organizing sink predictions using automated ranking and code-similarity metrics that allow an analysis engineer to efficiently sift through large numbers of predictions to identify true positives.
Solar Urea: Towards a Sustainable Fertilizer Industry (2021)

Urea, an agricultural fertilizer, nourishes humanity. The century-old Bosch-Meiser process provides the world's urea. It is multi-step, consumes enormous amounts of non-renewable energy, and has a large CO<sub>2</sub> footprint. Thus, developing an eco-friendly synthesis for urea is a priority. Herein we report a single-step Pd/LTA-3A catalyzed synthesis of urea from CO<sub>2</sub> and NH<sub>3</sub> under ambient conditions powered solely by solar energy. Pd nanoparticles serve the dual function of catalyzing the dissociation of NH<sub>3</sub> and providing the photothermal driving force for urea formation, while the absorption capacity of LTA-3A removes by-product H<sub>2</sub> O to shift the equilibrium towards urea production. The solar urea conversion rate from NH<sub>3</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> is 87 μmol g<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> . This advance represents a first step towards the use of solar energy in urea production. It provides insights into green fertilizer production, and inspires the vision of sustainable, modular plants for distributed production of urea on farms.
Fusing Bird’s Eye View LIDAR Point Cloud and Front View Camera Image for 3D Object Detection (2018)

We propose a new method for fusing LIDAR point cloud and camera-captured images in deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). The proposed method constructs a new layer called sparse non-homogeneous pooling layer to transform features between bird's eye view and front view. The sparse point cloud is used to construct the mapping between the two views. The pooling layer allows efficient fusion of the multi-view features at any stage of the network. This is favorable for 3D object detection using camera-LIDAR fusion for autonomous driving. A corresponding one-stage detector is designed and tested on the KITTI bird's eye view object detection dataset, which produces 3D bounding boxes from the bird's eye view map. The fusion method shows significant improvement on both speed and accuracy of the pedestrian detection over other fusion-based object detection networks.
Genetic variations in A20 DUB domain provide a genetic link to citrullination and neutrophil extracellular traps in systemic lupus erythematosus (2019)

We propose that genetic alterations disrupting the A20 DUB domain mediate increased susceptibility to SLE through the upregulation of <i>PADI4</i> with resultant protein citrullination and extracellular trap formation.
1,5-Benzodiazepines, a Novel Class of Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase Nonnucleoside Inhibitors (2008)

The exogenous control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication can be mediated through the inhibition of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity of NS5B. Small-molecule inhibitors of NS5B include nucleoside and nonnucleoside analogs. Here, we report the discovery of a novel class of HCV polymerase nonnucleoside inhibitors, 1,5-benzodiazepines (1,5-BZDs), identified by high-throughput screening of a library of small molecules. A fluorescence-quenching assay and X-ray crystallography revealed that 1,5-BZD 4a bound stereospecifically to NS5B next to the catalytic site. When introduced into replicons, mutations known to confer resistance against chemotypes that bind at this site were detrimental to inhibition by 1,5-BZD 7a. Using a panel of enzyme isolates that covered genotypes 1 to 6, we showed that compound 4a inhibited genotype 1 only. In mechanistic studies, 4a was found to inhibit the RdRp activity of NS5B noncompetitively with GTP and to inhibit the formation of the first phosphodiester bond during the polymerization cycle. The specificity for the HCV target was evaluated by profiling the 1,5-BZDs against other viral and human polymerases, as well as BZD receptors.
Tony Blair, 1997-2007 : le bilan des réformes (2007)

Les gouvernements de Tony Blair et Gordon Brown ont créé un cocktail original fait de trois quarts de réformes néolibérales et antilibérales inspirées de l'exemple américain, d’un doigt de social-démocratie scandinave et d’une volonté aiguë d’expérimentation qui a profondément transformé la Grande-Bretagne. Gouvernant le pays et son parti, le New Labour, par une combinaison de slogans et d’indicateurs de performance, une force de conviction et un leadership extraordinaire, Tony Blair a réussi à faire accepter des réformes radicales de l’État et des services publics, tout en maintenant la croissance et la stabilité économique. Alors que Tony Blair quitte la direction du pays, poussé par son parti, son rival, une affaire de corruption et une impopularité croissante aggravée par la perte de confiance liée à l’invasion de l’Irak, cet ouvrage propose une analyse originale du laboratoire New Labour et de ses effets sur la vie des citoyens britanniques. Avertissement : cette révolution bureaucratique se diffuse en Europe et en France ! (Résumé éditeur)
Children with MEN1 gene mutations may present first (and at a young age) with Cushing disease (2018)

This report describes a paediatric patient population with MEN1 in whom CD was the initial manifestation, confirming a previous observation that paediatric patients with MEN1 may present first with an ACTH-producing adenoma. Therefore, germline MEN1 mutations should be sought in paediatric CD and tested for when there is a suggestive family history and/or other manifestations.
Optimizing Spray-Dried Porous Particles for High Dose Delivery with a Portable Dry Powder Inhaler (2021)

This manuscript critically reviews the design and delivery of spray-dried particles for the achievement of high total lung doses (TLD) with a portable dry powder inhaler. We introduce a new metric termed the product density, which is simply the TLD of a drug divided by the volume of the receptacle it is contained within. The product density is given by the product of three terms: the packing density (the mass of powder divided by the volume of the receptacle), the drug loading (the mass of drug divided by the mass of powder), and the aerosol performance (the TLD divided by the mass of drug). This manuscript discusses strategies for maximizing each of these terms. Spray drying at low drying rates with small amounts of a shell-forming excipient (low Peclet Number) leads to formation of higher density particles with high packing densities. This enables ultrahigh TLD (&amp;gt;100 mg of drug) to be achieved from a single receptacle. Emptying of powder from capsules is directly proportional to the mass of powder in the receptacle, requiring an inhaled volume of about 1 L for fill masses between 40 and 50 mg and up to 3.2 L for a fill mass of 150 mg.