gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perioperative management of the high-risk surgical patient: cardiac surgery (2016)

During the last decade, as a result of continually improving surgical strategy and the technology which supports it (e.g. anaesthesia), cardiac surgery is offered to patients with advanced age and those with increasingly complex co-existing conditions that were previously considered to be contraindications. In addition, an increasing number of patients have previously undergone angioplasty, thereby delaying their initial coronary artery bypass graft surgery to a more advanced age. In general, candidates for cardiac surgery may now be not only older than in the past, but also more likely to have health problems such as hypertension and diabetes. Risk stratification may help to identify ‘the’ high-risk patient: ‘pre-warned is pre-armed’. In high-risk cardiac surgery patients, the surgical treatment options and perioperative care must be tailored to each patient, in order to optimize the benefits and minimize the risk of detrimental effects. The preoperative anticoagulation practice is an important aspect, balancing the risk between ischaemic and bleeding complications. New antiplatelet agents and oral anticoagulants have been recently delivered, and their role in patients scheduled for heart surgery is an additional important issue.
Cetylpyridinium Trichlorostannate: Synthesis, Antimicrobial Properties, and Controlled-Release Properties via Electrical Resistance Tomography (2021)

Cetylpyridinium trichlorostannate (CPC-Sn), comprising cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and stannous chloride, was synthesized and characterized via single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements indicating stoichiometry of C<sub>21</sub>H<sub>38</sub>NSnCl<sub>3</sub> where the molecules are arranged in a 1:1 ratio with a cetylpyridinium cation and a [SnCl<sub>3</sub>]<sup>-</sup> anion. CPC-Sn has shown potential for application as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, to reduce bacteria-generated volatile sulfur compounds and to produce advanced functional materials. In order to investigate its controlled-release properties, electrical resistance tomography was implemented. The results demonstrate that CPC-Sn exhibits extended-release properties in an aqueous environment as opposed to the CPC counterpart.
A Biomechanical Analysis of Capsular Plication Versus Anchor Repair of the Shoulder: Can the Labrum Be Used as a Suture Anchor? (2007)

The intact posteroinferior or anteroinferior labrum provides similar fixation strength to a glenoid anchor; however, the labrum displacement is higher versus plication alone.
Nucleophilic Displacements on Three-Membered Rings (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic Displacements on Three-Membered RingsJames A. Deyrup and Richard B. GreenwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 20, 4538–4545Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00948a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00948a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determinants of adenophostin A binding to inositol trisphosphate receptors (2002)

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors from cerebellum and recombinant type 1 IP(3) receptors expressed in Sf9 cells had indistinguishable affinities for IP(3) ( K (d)=6.40+/-0.48 nM) and adenophostin A ( K (d)=0.89+/-0.05 nM). In cytosol-like medium, each of the three mammalian IP(3) receptor subtypes when expressed in Sf9 cells bound adenophostin A with greater affinity than IP(3). It has been suggested that adenophostin A binds with high affinity only in the presence of ATP, but we found that adenophostin A similarly displaced [(3)H]IP(3) from type 1 IP(3) receptors whatever the ATP concentration. N-terminal fragments of the type 1 receptor were expressed with and without the S1 splice site; its removal had no effect on [(3)H]IP(3) binding to the 1-604 protein, but abolished binding to the 224-604 protein. The 1-604 fragment and full-length receptor bound adenophostin A with the same affinity, but the fragment had 3-fold greater affinity for IP(3), suggesting that C-terminal residues selectively inhibit IP(3) binding. The 224-604S1(+) fragment bound IP(3) and adenophostin A with increased affinity, but as with the 1-604 fragment it bound adenophostin A with only 2-fold greater affinity than IP(3). High-affinity binding of adenophostin A may be partially determined by its 2'-phosphate interacting more effectively than the 1-phosphate of IP(3) with residues within the IP(3)-binding core. This may account for the 2-fold greater affinity of adenophostin A relative to IP(3) for the minimal IP(3)-binding domain. In addition we suggest that C-terminal residues, which impede access of IP(3), may selectively interact with adenophostin A to allow it unhindered access to the IP(3)-binding domain.
A new steady‐state imaging sequence for simultaneous acquisition of two MR images with clearly different contrasts (1988)

We present a new steady-state imaging sequence, which simultaneously allows in a single acquisition the formation of two MR images with clearly different contrasts. The contrast of the first image is FISP-like, whereas the second image is strongly T2-weighted. In principle the T2 values in the image can be calculated from the combination of the first and second images. We also show calculated T2 images.
Comparison of Chromatin Remodeling and Transcriptional Activation of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Promoter by the Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptor (1999)

We examined the interaction between the androgen (AR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at the transcriptional level using mouse fibroblast cell lines harboring an integrated mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter. We found that the AR, after induction with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), caused a progressive increase in MMTV-CAT reporter activity over 72 h which was correlated to an increase in chromatin remodeling of the MMTV promoter in the vicinity of the hormone response element (HRE). In contrast, stimulation of the GR by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) caused a transient increase in MMTV transcriptional activity which returned to basal levels after 72 h. These changes were correlated to a transient increase in chromatin remodeling in the region of the HRE. Neither cotreatment nor pretreatment with Dex affected the DHT response. In fact, there was a more than additive effect of the two hormones on transcription at early time points. This suggests that the inability of GR to remodel chromatin, after 24 h of hormone treatment, is most likely related to changes in the GR itself and not the chromatin remodeling process. Consistent with this, nuclear GR levels dropped by greater than 50% after Dex treatment whereas the AR was induced fourfold after 24 h of DHT treatment. We conclude that a promoter with an ordered chromatin structure can still respond to androgens even after its glucocorticoid responsiveness is lost. This may be one mechanism cells utilize to establish target gene specificity for nuclear receptors that recognize identical DNA sequences.
Characterization of the Ca2+-Gated and Voltage-Dependent K+-Channel Slo-1 of Nematodes and Its Interaction with Emodepside (2014)

The cyclooctadepsipeptide emodepside and its parent compound PF1022A are broad-spectrum nematicidal drugs which are able to eliminate nematodes resistant to other anthelmintics. The mode of action of cyclooctadepsipeptides is only partially understood, but involves the latrophilin Lat-1 receptor and the voltage- and calcium-activated potassium channel Slo-1. Genetic evidence suggests that emodepside exerts its anthelmintic activity predominantly through Slo-1. Indeed, slo-1 deficient Caenorhabditis elegans strains are completely emodepside resistant. However, direct effects of emodepside on Slo-1 have not been reported and these channels have only been characterized for C. elegans and related Strongylida. Molecular and bioinformatic analyses identified full-length Slo-1 cDNAs of Ascaris suum, Parascaris equorum, Toxocara canis, Dirofilaria immitis, Brugia malayi, Onchocerca gutturosa and Strongyloides ratti. Two paralogs were identified in the trichocephalids Trichuris muris, Trichuris suis and Trichinella spiralis. Several splice variants encoding truncated channels were identified in Trichuris spp. Slo-1 channels of trichocephalids form a monophyletic group, showing that duplication occurred after the divergence of Enoplea and Chromadorea. To explore the function of a representative protein, C. elegans Slo-1a was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and studied in electrophysiological (voltage-clamp) experiments. Incubation of oocytes with 1-10 µM emodepside caused significantly increased currents over a wide range of step potentials in the absence of experimentally increased intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that emodepside directly opens C. elegans Slo-1a. Emodepside wash-out did not reverse the effect and the Slo-1 inhibitor verruculogen was only effective when applied before, but not after, emodepside. The identification of several splice variants and paralogs in some parasitic nematodes suggests that there are substantial differences in channel properties among species. Most importantly, this study showed for the first time that emodepside directly opens a Slo-1 channel, significantly improving the understanding of the mode of action of this drug class.
Recognition of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Tegument Proteins by CD4 T Cells Infiltrating Human Genital Herpes Lesions (1998)

The local cellular immune response to herpes simplex virus (HSV) is important in the control of recurrent HSV infection. The antiviral functions of infiltrating CD4-bearing T cells may include cytotoxicity, inhibition of viral growth, lymphokine secretion, and support of humoral and CD8 responses. The antigens recognized by many HSV-specific CD4 T cells localizing to genital HSV-2 lesions are unknown. T cells recognizing antigens encoded within map units 0. 67 to 0.73 of HSV DNA are frequently recovered from herpetic lesions. Expression cloning with this region of DNA now shows that tegument protein VP22 and the viral dUTPase, encoded by genes UL49 and UL50, respectively, are T-cell antigens. Separate epitopes in VP22 were defined for T-cell clones from each of three patients. Reactivity with the tegument protein encoded by UL21 was identified for an additional patient. Three new epitopes were identified in VP16, a tegument protein associated with VP22. Some tegument-specific CD4 T-cell clones exhibited cytotoxic activity against HSV-infected cells. These results suggest that herpes simplex tegument proteins are processed for antigen presentation in vivo and are possible candidate compounds for herpes simplex vaccines.
Electronic Structures and Reactivities of Corrole−Copper Complexes (2004)

Abstract The spectroscopic and electrochemical examination of the mononuclear copper complexes of 5,10,15‐tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole and 5,10,15‐tris(2,6‐dichlorophenyl)corrole ( 1a and 2a , respectively) and of the corresponding dinuclear corrole dimers 1b and 2b reveal the existence of two almost degenerate electronic states. The lower state consists of copper( III ) ions coordinated by closed‐shell corrolato trianions and the higher state is composed of copper( II ) ions chelated by open‐shell corrolato dianions. The contributions from both states are evident in the molecular structure of monomeric and mononuclear 2a , which displays a distorted square‐planar coordination geometry around the metal ion and short Cu−N bond lengths typical of copper( III ), together with some non‐equivalence of the C α −C meso bond lengths that might reflect the open‐shell character of the macrocycle. The latter state is most likely to be responsible for the dimerization process. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Cation Exchange Properties of Zeolites in Hyper Alkaline Aqueous Media (2015)

Construction of multibarrier concrete based waste disposal sites and management of alkaline mine drainage water requires cation exchangers combining excellent sorption properties with a high stability and predictable performance in hyper alkaline media. Though highly selective organic cation exchange resins have been developed for most pollutants, they can serve as a growth medium for bacterial proliferation, impairing their long-term stability and introducing unpredictable parameters into the evolution of the system. Zeolites represent a family of inorganic cation exchangers, which naturally occur in hyper alkaline conditions and cannot serve as an electron donor or carbon source for microbial proliferation. Despite their successful application as industrial cation exchangers under near neutral conditions, their performance in hyper alkaline, saline water remains highly undocumented. Using Cs(+) as a benchmark element, this study aims to assess the long-term cation exchange performance of zeolites in concrete derived aqueous solutions. Comparison of their exchange properties in alkaline media with data obtained in near neutral solutions demonstrated that the cation exchange selectivity remains unaffected by the increased hydroxyl concentration; the cation exchange capacity did however show an unexpected increase in hyper alkaline media.
Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition and Characterization of Strontium Bismuth Tantalate (SBT) Thin Films (2000)

The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of ferroelectric thin films is being widely investigated for the manufacture of devices requiring a high density of volatile or non-volatile memory which goes beyond the limits of current mass production techniques. One of the more important challenges in the MOCVD of multi-component oxide thin films is the precise control of stoichiometry which relates directly to the films' electrical characteristics. A novel approach to liquid precursor delivery embodied in the AIXTRON TriJet TM liquid delivery system is reported. Physical and electrical properties of thin films as well as deposition characteristics as a function of various process parameters are described in detail. Most notably 2 P r =13 µC/cm 2 at 5 V with leakage current density J l =1 E -8 A/cm 2 @≤5 V were obtained. In addition, films with excellent thickness uniformity with 3σ=2.25% at 180 nm were deposited on 6 ′′ Pt/TiO x /Si wafers. Finally, near 100% step coverage with a maximum 2:1 aspect ratio (0.5 µm) was achieved.
The synthesis and characterization of A-928605: A potent inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) (2007)

A227 Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have recently become a validated target for cancer chemotherapy. The clinical successes of agents that inhibit RTKs, such as the following: Bcr-Abl, KDR, and EGFR/ ErbB-2, have revealed that a variety of RTKs can be successfully exploited for cancer treatment. Therefore, the search for additional RTKs has led to the proposal that small-molecule inhibitors of the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) might yield effective anti-cancer agents. A high throughput screen of Abbott’s compound repository revealed that the pyrazolopyrimidine-class of kinase inhibitors possessed moderate potency for IGF-IR. Optimization of this class of compounds afforded a series of compounds that demonstrated IGF-IR kinase inhibitory activity less than 100 nM, which correlated with inhibition of p-IGF-IR in a human pancreatic cell line (MiaPaCa-2). Optimization of this class of compounds yielded A-928605, a potent inhibitor of IGF-IR both on the purified enzyme and intracellular IGF-IR phosphorylation (
Platform for Situated Intelligence (2021)

We introduce Platform for Situated Intelligence, an open-source framework created to support the rapid development and study of multimodal, integrative-AI systems. The framework provides infrastructure for sensing, fusing, and making inferences from temporal streams of data across different modalities, a set of tools that enable visualization and debugging, and an ecosystem of components that encapsulate a variety of perception and processing technologies. These assets jointly provide the means for rapidly constructing and refining multimodal, integrative-AI systems, while retaining the efficiency and performance characteristics required for deployment in open-world settings.
Exomorphism of jacobsite precipitates in bixbyite single crystals from the Thomas Range in Utah (2021)

Abstract Naturally occurring single crystals of bixbyite, (Fe,Mn)2O3, from the Thomas Mountain Range in Utah, U.S.A., were studied via (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (S)TEM. With up to 5 cm edge length, these mineral specimens are the largest bixbyite crystals found worldwide. Their hexahedral shapes are often modified by {211} facets at the corners and small {211} truncations along their cube edges. Characteristic lamellar defects, running parallel to the {100} planes, can be observed via TEM imaging. The defects are, according to EDS analyses, attributed to the tetragonal manganese silicate braunite, Mn7[SiO12]. In the present study, electron nano-diffraction and atomic resolution (S)TEM were employed to verify the presence of braunite lamellae and to investigate their orientation relationship with bixbyite. The analysis confirmed an epitaxial intergrowth of both phases, with their main-axes being parallel and the unique c-axis of braunite always aligned perpendicularly to the lamellar plane. Moreover, small rectangular-shaped precipitates, which had been, due to their almost identical chemical composition, previously interpreted as small bixbyite inclusions within the host crystal, were often observed in contact with the braunite lamellae. Electron nano-diffraction and atomic resolution (S)TEM imaging revealed these crystallites not to be bixbyite but jacobsite, a cubic iron-manganese spinel with the stoichiometric formula MnFe2O4, whose occurrence in this unique context had not been reported before. Moreover, due to the higher temperatures needed for spinel crystallization, the occurrence of jacobsite may serve as a geo-thermometer. (S)TEM in conjunction with automated crystal orientation mapping (ACOM)-TEM showed that no orientation relationship exists between the jacobsite inclusions and the bixbyite/braunite matrix. Nevertheless, their characteristic rectangular shape is typically aligned concordantly with the (001) plane of the braunite lamellae. The resulting crystal shape of jacobsite is determined by the presence of the braunite lamellae, while the respective crystallites maintain their freedom of rotation. To the authors’ knowledge, this is a novel observation of exomorphosis of jacobsite, i.e., the change in the habit of the spinel crystallites due to external conditions. Note that the term “exomorphosis” is used here in the mineralogical sense in contrast to the often-used petrological aspect. Based on the TEM results, the formation of the jacobsite precipitates is discussed and a growth model suggested.
Total antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and total nitric oxide concentrations in patients with severe persistent allergic asthma: its relation to omalizumab treatment. (2012)

To monitor the omalizumab treatment efficacy in severe allergic asthma patients, total antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and total nitric oxide concentrations might be new markers.
Integration of Multiple Signals Through Cooperative Regulation of the N-WASP-Arp2/3 Complex (2000)

The protein N-WASP [a homolog to the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)] regulates actin polymerization by stimulating the actin-nucleating activity of the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex. N-WASP is tightly regulated by multiple signals: Only costimulation by Cdc42 and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) yields potent polymerization. We found that regulation requires N-WASP's constitutively active output domain (VCA) and two regulatory domains: a Cdc42-binding domain and a previously undescribed PIP(2)-binding domain. In the absence of stimuli, the regulatory modules together hold the VCA-Arp2/3 complex in an inactive "closed" conformation. In this state, both the Cdc42- and PIP2-binding sites are masked. Binding of either input destabilizes the closed state and enhances binding of the other input. This cooperative activation mechanism shows how combinations of simple binding domains can be used to integrate and amplify coincident signals.
GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDED CRITERIA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MATERIAL SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON FIBER/EPOXY UNIDIRECTIONAL PREPREGS. (2003)

This report establishes recommendations to guide the development of composite prepreg material specifications. This is intended to advance the work that has been done through previous Federal Aviation Administration and National Aeronautics and Space Administration programs such as the Advanced General Aviation Transport Experiment. These programs have established methodologies for developing design allowable data, control of the data, and sharing the resulting database. In the current work, a generalized approach to the development of a shared composite material database is proposed. It is intended to remove the restrictions placed on those general aviation methods to allow a broader market to use the shared database. This document recommends guidance and criteria for the development of material specifications for carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional prepreg tape materials to be used on aircraft structures. These recommendations were prepared by a team of industry experts. The guidelines and recommendations are meant to be a documentation of current knowledge and application of sound engineering principles to the development and implementation of composite material procurement specifications. A list of material control areas needing improvement and enhancement is given in appendix A. This document can also be used to develop common industry specifications. This document is limited to recommendations and guidance on the development of the material specification. Additional guidance on the development of process specifications, instructions, and controls for making high-quality laminates can be found in the companion report. Guidelines for the Development of Process Specifications, Instructions, and Controls for the Fabrication of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites, DOT/FAA/AR-02/110.