gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Adipose Tissue Ablation by Localized, Sustained Drug Delivery (2003)

The reduction of adipose depots is widely considered to be the optimal approach to limit pathologies associated with obesity. While many current antiobesity strategies are centered on regulating satiety, these approaches typically attempt an overall weight loss and are unable to target distinct adipose depots specifically associated with disease risk. The authors report a novel therapeutic modality utilizing localized and sustained delivery of drugs to provide for the selective ablation of adipose tissue. Using the epididymal fat pad of Sprague-Dawley rats as a model, they injected into the tissue poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres encapsulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a well-known regulator of adipose tissue mass. The utility of this approach was investigated in vivo by measuring the fat pad mass relative to the contralateral control within the same animal (n = 4 at each time point) and in vitro by measuring apoptosis in adipose organ cultures. The authors demonstrated control over the localization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by performing blood analysis. This is the first report of localized drug delivery for adipose tissue ablation, and these results indicate the potential utility of the general tissue ablation approach for treatment of numerous pathologies.
Interfering Channel Estimation in Radar-Cellular Coexistence: How Much Information Do We Need? (2019)

In this paper, we focus on the coexistence between a MIMO radar and cellular base stations. We study the interfering channel estimation, where the radar is operated in the “search and track” mode, and the BS receives the interference from the radar. Unlike the conventional methods where the radar and the cellular systems fully cooperate with each other, in this paper, we consider that they are uncoordinated and the BS needs to acquire the interfering channel state information (ICSI) by exploiting the radar probing waveforms. For completeness, both the line-of-sight (LoS) and Non-LoS (NLoS) channels are considered in the coexistence scenario. By further assuming that the BS has limited a priori knowledge about the radar waveforms, we propose several hypothesis testing methods to identify the working mode of the radar, and then obtain the ICSI through a variety of channel estimation schemes. Based on the statistical theory, we analyze the theoretical performance of both the hypothesis testing and the channel estimation methods. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of our theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the BS can effectively estimate the interfering channel even with the limited information from the radar.
Potential role for ESAT6 in dissemination ofM.âtuberculosisvia human lung epithelial cells (2009)

ESAT6 has recently been demonstrated to cause haemolysis and macrophage lysis. Our studies demonstrate that ESAT6 causes cytolysis of type 1 and type 2 pneumocytes. Both types of pneumocytes express membrane laminin, and ESAT6 exhibits dose-dependent binding to both cell types and to purified human laminin. While minimal ESAT6 was detected on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis grown in vitro, exogenously provided ESAT6 specifically associated with the bacterial cell surface, and the bacterium-associated ESAT6 retained its cytolytic ability. esat6 transcripts were upregulated approximately 4- to approximately 13-fold in bacteria replicating in type 1 cells, and approximately 3- to approximately 5 fold in type 2 cells. In vivo, laminin is primarily concentrated at the basolateral surface of pneumocytes where they rest on the basement membrane, which is composed primarily of laminin and collagen. The upregulation of esat6 transcripts in bacteria replicating in pneumocytes, the specific association of ESAT6 with the bacterial surface, the binding of ESAT6 to laminin and the lysis of pneumocytes by free and bacterium-associated ESAT6 together suggest a scenario wherein Mycobacterium tuberculosis replicating in pneumocytes may utilize surface ESAT6 to anchor onto the basolateral laminin-expressing surface of the pneumocytes, and damage the cells and the basement membrane to directly disseminate through the alveolar wall.
Detection of DNS Cache Poisoning Attack in DNS Standard Resolution Traffic (2011)

We statistically investigated the total A resource record (RR) based DNS query request packet traffic from the Internet to the top domain DNS server in a university campus network through January 1st to December 31st, 2010. The obtained results are: (1) We found five DNS Cache Poisoning (DNSCP) attacks in observation of rapid decrease in the unique source IP address based entropy of the DNS query packet traffic and significant increase in the unique DNS query keyword based one. (2) Also, we found five DNSCP attacks in the score changes for detection method using the calculated restricted Damerau-Levenshtein distance (restricted edit distance) between the observed query keyword and the last one by employing both threshold ranges through 1 to 40. Therefore, it is possible that the restricted Damerau-Levenshtein distance based detection technology can detect the DNSCP attacks.
Absolute emission current density of O− from 12CaO⋅7Al2O3 crystal (2002)

Strong and high purity O− negative ion emission has been observed from a synthesized crystal 12CaO⋅7Al2O3 surface. A μA/cm2-level O− emission from this material has been achieved at the surface temperature of 800 °C and the extraction field over 1000 V/cm, which is about three orders of magnitude higher than the current density emitted from the Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 electrolyte surface. The strong emissivity of this material, as well as easy and economical fabrication, may provide a useful tool to generate the O− negative ion, which is expected to be one of the most important radicals for chemical syntheses and material modifications.
Iliac artery stent placement: clinical experience with a nitinol stent. (1994)

The results with the Cragg stent were similar to those with other commercially available stents. These preliminary results require confirmation with a larger series.
Origin of stress gradients induced in capped, copper metallization (2014)

Stress gradients generated near the top surface of Cu thin films by capping layers, as measured using a combination of conventional and glancing incidence x-ray diffraction, exhibit heterogeneous behavior that is directly related to plastic anisotropy within the Cu grains. A comparison of stress gradients measured from several x-ray reflections to their corresponding Schmid factors yields a consistent, critical resolved shear stress. The results experimentally verify that dislocation-mediated plasticity is responsible for the creation of stress gradients at the Cu film/cap interface. Depth-dependent measurements reveal that the observed gradients are localized to within 200 nm of this interface.
Supplementary Table S18 from The Genomic Landscape of Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mutations identified from WES of 4 subsequent relapses.&lt;/p&gt;
Painting detail (2004)

Surface painting is a technique that allows a user to paint a texture directly onto a surface, usually with a texture atlas: a 1:1 mapping between the surface and its texture image. Many good automatic texture atlas generation methods exist that evenly distribute texture samples across a surface based on its area and/or curvature, and some are even sensitive to the frequency spectrum of the input texture. However, during the surface painting process, the texture can change non-uniformly and unpredictably and even the atlases are static and can thus fail to reproduce sections of finely painted detail such as surface illustration.We present a new texture atlas algorithm that distributes initial texture samples evenly according to surface area and texture frequency, and, more importantly, maintains this distribution as the texture signal changes during the surface painting process. The running time is further accelerated with a novel GPU implementation of the surface painting process. The redistribution of samples is transparent to the user, resulting in a surface painting system of seemingly unlimited resolution. The atlas construction is local, making it fast enough to run interactively on models containing over 100K faces.
Towards MR-guided EP interventions using an RF-safe approach (2009)

Introduction: Prophylactic implantation of a cardioverter/ defibrillator (ICD) has been shown to reduce mortality in patients with chronic myocardial infarction (CMI) and an increased risk for life threatening ventricular arrhythmia (VA). The use of ICDs in this large patient population is still limited by high costs and possible adverse events including inappropriate discharges and progression of heart failure. VA is related to infarct size and seems to be related to infarct morphology. Contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (ceCMR) can detect and quantify myocardial fibrosis in the setting of CMI and might therefore be a valuable tool for a more accurate risk stratification in this setting. Hypothesis: ceCMR can identify the subgroup developing VA in patients with prophylactic ICD implantation following MADIT criteria. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 52 patients (49 males, age 69 10 years) with CMI and clinical indication for ICD therapy following MADIT criteria. Prior to implantation (36 78 days) patients were investigated on a 1.5 T clinical scanner (Siemens Avanto , Germany) to assess left ventricular function (LVEF), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LV mass (sequence parameters: GRE SSFP, matrix 256 192, short axis stack; full LV coverage, no gap; slice thickness 6 mm). For quantitative assessment of infarct morphology late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was performed including measurement of total and relative infarct mass (related to LV mass) and the degree of transmurality (DT) as defined by the percentage of transmurality in each scar. (sequence parameters: inversion recovery gradient echo; matrix 256 148, imaging 10 min after 0.2 g/kg gadolinium DTPA; slice orientation equal to SSFP). MRI images were analysed using dedicated software (MASS , Medis, Netherlands). LGE was defined as myocardial areas with signal intensity above the average plus 5 SD of the remote myocardium. After implantation, patients were followed up including ICD readout after 3 and than every 6 months for a mean of 945 344 days. ICD data were evaluated by an experienced electrophysiologist. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of an appropriate discharge (DC), antitachycard pacing (ATP) or death from cardiac cause. Results: The endpoint occurred in 10 patients (3 DC, 6 ATP, 1 death). These patients had a higher relative infarct mass (28 7% vs. 22 11%, p = 0.03) as well as high degree of transmurality (64 22% vs. 44 25%, p = 0.05). Their LVEF (29 8% vs. 30 4%, p = 0.75), LV mass (148 29 g vs. 154 42 g, p = 0.60), LVEDV (270 133 ml vs. 275 83 ml, p = 0.90) or total infarct mass (43 19 g vs. 37 21 g, p = 0.43) were however not significant from the group with no events. In a cox proportional hazards regression model including LVEF, LVEDV, LV mass, DT and age, only degree of transmurality and relative infarct mass emerged as independent predictors of the primary end point (p = 0.009).
Deep Network Classification by Scattering and Homotopy Dictionary\n Learning (2019)

We introduce a sparse scattering deep convolutional neural network, which\nprovides a simple model to analyze properties of deep representation learning\nfor classification. Learning a single dictionary matrix with a classifier\nyields a higher classification accuracy than AlexNet over the ImageNet 2012\ndataset. The network first applies a scattering transform that linearizes\nvariabilities due to geometric transformations such as translations and small\ndeformations. A sparse $\\ell^1$ dictionary coding reduces intra-class\nvariability while preserving class separation through projections over unions\nof linear spaces. It is implemented in a deep convolutional network with a\nhomotopy algorithm having an exponential convergence. A convergence proof is\ngiven in a general framework that includes ALISTA. Classification results are\nanalyzed on ImageNet.\n
Endoscopic Transoral Reduction (TORe) for Treatment of Weight Regain After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB): A Meta-Analysis (2014)

Introduction: Weight regain or insufficient loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is common. A dilated gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA) is associated with weight regain in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Due to a high rate of perioperative morbidity, surgical revision is generally not performed. Endoscopic transoral outlet reduction (TORe) by various techniques have shown safety and early efficacy for this indication. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to pool the results and compare various endoscopic techniques. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant abstracts and fulllength articles. Corresponding authors of selected studies were contacted to get additional data. Pooled absolute weight loss at 6, 12, and 18 months were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. Standard difference in means over sham was calculated based on two randomized sham-controlled trails to calculate efficacy over sham.Figure 1Table 1Results: Eleven studies with 408 post-RYGB patients undergoing TORe for weight regain were included in the meta-analysis. Body mass index (BMI) prior to TORe was 39.6 ± 2 kg/m2. At 6, 12, and 18 months patients lost 6.8 kg [95%CI 5-8.6] (n= 408), 6.4 kg [95%CI 3.6-9.2] (n=299), and 7.2 kg [95%CI -2 -16.4] (n=37), respectively (table 1). Full thickness suturing with the overstitch device was the most effective and durable endoscopic intervention for weight regain resulting in absolute weight loss of 8.8 kg [95%CI 6.5-11] and 11.5 kg [0 - 23] at 12 and 18 months, respectively. TORe resulted in significant weight loss over sham at 6 months based on two high quality (Jadad score 4/5) randomized trials, standard difference in means -0.5 (p=0.004). Procedure was well tolerated with no major complications. Conclusion: TORe is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive endoscopic approach for the treatment of weight regain after RYGB that is ready for wide clinical adaptation.
Top electrode shaping for harnessing high coupling in thickness shear mode resonators in Y-cut lithium niobate thin films (2018)

This paper reports a novel electrode shape for harnessing the high electromechanical coupling of the thickness shear mode (TSM) in Y-cut lithium niobate (LN) thin film resonators. To maximize the coupling, we follow Mindlin's [1-3] work, which uses two-dimensional equations of motion with transverse shear deformations to determine the most appropriate electrode shape for an anisotropic plate. We experimentally demonstrate an electromechanical coupling (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of ~37%, which agrees well with 3D COMSOL finite elemental method (FEM) simulations. Such high coupling resonators could find application in reconfigurable RF systems.
NKT Cell-Derived Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Promotes Peripheral Tolerance Associated with Eye (2007)

In a model of peripheral tolerance called anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID), the differentiation of the T regulatory cells depends on NKT cells and occurs in the spleen. In this study, we show that NKT cells that express the invariant (i) TCR and are the CD1d-reactive NKT cells (required for development of peripheral tolerance) actually produced urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) during tolerance induction. The RT-PCR and in vitro plasmin assay showed that splenic iNKT cells derived uPA-converted plasminogen to plasmin. Moreover, uPA was required for tolerance induction because uPA knockout (KO) mice did not develop peripheral tolerance or develop CD8(+) T regulatory cells after Ag inoculation into the anterior chamber. In contrast, other aspects of ACAID-induced tolerance, including recruitment of iNKT cells to the spleen and production of IL-10 by iNKT cells, were unchanged in uPA-deficient mice. The adoptive transfer of splenic NKT cells from wild-type mice restored ACAID in Jalpha18 KO mice (iNKT cell deficient), but NKT cells from uPA KO mice did not. We postulate that the mechanism of action of uPA is through its binding to the uPAR receptor, and enzymatic cleavage of plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn activates latent TGFbeta. In conclusion, uPA derived from iNKT cells is required to induce peripheral tolerance via the eye.
Acetate Induced Enhancement of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Oxalic Acid and Dioxygen (2013)

The addition of acetate ion to an O2-saturated mixed solution of acetonitrile and water containing oxalic acid as a reductant and 2-phenyl-4-(1-naphthyl)quinolinium ion (QuPh(+)-NA) as a photocatalyst dramatically enhanced the turnover number of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. In this photocatalytic H2O2 production, a base is required to facilitate deprotonation of oxalic acid forming oxalate dianion, which acts as an actual electron donor, whereas a Brønsted acid is also necessary to protonate O2(•-) for production of H2O2 by disproportionation. The addition of acetate ion to a reaction solution facilitates both the deprotonation of oxalic acid and the protonation of O2(•-) owing to a pH buffer effect. The quantum yield of the photocatalytic H2O2 production under photoirradiation (λ = 334 nm) of an O2-saturated acetonitrile-water mixed solution containing acetate ion, oxalic acid and QuPh(+)-NA was determined to be as high as 0.34, which is more than double the quantum yield obtained by using oxalate salt as an electron donor without acetate ion (0.14). In addition, the turnover number of QuPh(+)-NA reached more than 340. The reaction mechanism and the effect of solvent composition on the photocatalytic H2O2 production were scrutinized by using nanosecond laser flash photolysis.
Performance of maximum likelihood sequence estimation in 10 Gb/s transmission systems with polymer optical fiber (2006)

The 120 µm core-diameter perfluorinated graded-index polymer optical fiber (GI-POF)\nis gaining interest for use in local area networks (LAN) such as enterprise or datacenter\nbackbones to support 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE). In this paper, the performance of\nMLSE equalization on a 100 m GI-POF transmission link operating at 10.7 Gb/s is\ninvestigated.
An Argument for Basic Battery Science: Each Time an Application Demands a New Battery Chemistry To Achieve Previously Unrealized Functionality, a New Fundamental Understanding Is Required (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTAn Argument for Basic Battery Science: Each Time an Application Demands a New Battery Chemistry To Achieve Previously Unrealized Functionality, a New Fundamental Understanding Is RequiredEsther S. TakeuchiEsther S. TakeuchiStony Brook UniversityBrookhaven National LaboratoryMore by Esther S. Takeuchihttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-1047 and Marca M. DoeffMarca M. DoeffLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMore by Marca M. Doeffhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-8047Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 2018, 51, 3, 573–574Publication Date (Web):March 20, 2018Publication History Published online20 March 2018Published inissue 20 March 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00078https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00078editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1627Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (241 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Batteries,Electrical energy,Energy storage,Interfaces,Materials Get e-Alerts
Rex transregulation of human T-cell leukemia virus type II gene expression (1991)

The Rex protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II), Rex-II, plays a central role in regulating the expression of the structural genes of this retrovirus. Rex-II acts posttranscriptionally by inducing the cytoplasmic expression of the incompletely spliced viral mRNAs that encode the Gag and Env structural proteins and the enzymes derived from the pol gene. We now define a 295-nucleotide cis-acting regulatory element within the 3' long terminal repeat of HTLV-II that is required for the effects of Rex-II. This Rex-II response element (RexIIRE) corresponds to a predicted, highly stable RNA secondary structure and functions when present in the sense but not in the antisense orientation. The RexIIRE confers responsiveness not only to Rex-II but also to the Rex protein of HTLV-I. Deletion and substitution mutagenesis of the RexIIRE permitted identification of a small subregion within the larger element critically required for Rex-II responsiveness and further suggested that the structurally distinct RexIIREs generated from the 5' and 3' long terminal repeats of HTLV-II may differentially regulate the cytoplasmic expression of unspliced gag-pol and singly spliced env mRNAs. While the Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 fails to function via the RexIIRE, the Rex-II protein, like Rex-I, can functionally replace the Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 via its interaction with the Rev response element (RevRE).
A device for adsorbing unbound, unconjugated bilirubin and its effects in vitro and in a hyperbilirubinemic newborn piglet (2007)

These results provide initial evidence that SCAD treatment is effective in the removal of UUBil and can be performed safely in newborn animals.