gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The expression of nuclear lamin A and C epitopes is regulated by the developmental stage of the cytoplasm in mouse oocytes or embryos (1991)

The cytoplasmic regulation of changes of nuclear lamin antigens was examined by transferring 16-cell stage blastomeres into mouse oocytes. Sixteen-cell stage blastomeres were transferred to either pronuclear eggs, enucleated pronuclear eggs or metaphase II oocytes, which were subsequently activated. Pronuclei react with a monoclonal antibody to A/C lamins (J9), whereas nuclei from 16-cell stage blastomeres do not react with J9. However, after transfer of 16-cell stage nuclei to activated metaphase II oocytes, the transferred nuclei acquire the antigen. This is in contrast to 16-cell nuclei that were transferred to intact or enucleated pronuclear eggs; i.e., the nuclei only faintly acquired the A/C epitope. These results suggest that the developmental stage of the cytoplasm regulates the exposure of nuclear lamina epitopes, perhaps by limiting the supply of lamin A/C in the oocyte or because nuclear lamina assembly can only occur at the telophase transition. Furthermore, it appears that there is some exchange of the A/C epitope between (pro)nuclei within the same cell but that the majority of the A/C lamin epitope can be removed from a cell with (pro)nuclear removal.
Modified Vector Control Algorithm for Increasing Partial-Load Efficiency of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Surface PM Machines (2008)

This paper presents a modified vector control algorithm for a fractional-slot concentrated-winding surface permanent magnet (SPM) machine that has been developed to maximize the machine's partial-load efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions. By increasing the amplitude of the negative <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</i> -axis current, the resulting increase in the stator copper losses can be more than offset by the reduction in the iron core losses achieved by lowering the stator <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</i> -axis flux amplitude. The effectiveness of this technique has been demonstrated using both analytical models and finite element analysis for a 55-kW (peak) SPM machine design developed for a demanding set of traction drive performance requirements. For this example, the modified control strategy increases the partial-load efficiency at 20% of rated torque by > 6% at 2000 r/min compared to the maximum torque/ampere algorithm, making the machine much more attractive for its intended application.
Molecular Electrostatic Potential and Noncovalent Interactions in Derivatives of Group 8 Elements (2021)

This communication reports experimental and theoretical evidences of σ-hole interactions in adducts between nitrogen or oxygen nucleophiles and tetroxides of osmium or other group 8 elements. Cocrystals between pyridine or pyridine N-oxide derivatives and osmium tetroxide are characterized through various techniques and rationalized as σ-hole interactions using DFT calculations and several other computational tools. We propose the term "osme bond" (OmB, Om=Fe, Ru, Os, (Hs)) for naming the noncovalent interactions wherein group 8 elements have the role of the electrophile. The word osme is the transcription of ὀσμή, the ancient Greek word for smell that was used to name the heaviest group 8 element in relation to the smoky odor of its tetroxide.
Comprehensive targeting of resistance to inhibition of RTK signaling pathways by using glucocorticoids (2021)

Inhibition of RTK pathways in cancer triggers an adaptive response that promotes therapeutic resistance. Because the adaptive response is multifaceted, the optimal approach to blunting it remains undetermined. TNF upregulation is a biologically significant response to EGFR inhibition in NSCLC. Here, we compared a specific TNF inhibitor (etanercept) to thalidomide and prednisone, two drugs that block TNF and also other inflammatory pathways. Prednisone is significantly more effective in suppressing EGFR inhibition-induced inflammatory signals. Remarkably, prednisone induces a shutdown of bypass RTK signaling and inhibits key resistance signals such as STAT3, YAP and TNF-NF-κB. Combined with EGFR inhibition, prednisone is significantly superior to etanercept or thalidomide in durably suppressing tumor growth in multiple mouse models, indicating that a broad suppression of adaptive signals is more effective than blocking a single component. We identify prednisone as a drug that can effectively inhibit adaptive resistance with acceptable toxicity in NSCLC and other cancers.
Pharmacokinetics of letrozole in male and female rats: influence of complexation with hydroxybutenyl-β-cyclodextrin (2007)

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are one of the most successful solutions to the problem of poor drug solubility. In this study, we examined the in-vitro effects of three CDs on the solubility of letrozole, a breast cancer drug that is practically insoluble in water. The most promising, hydroxybutenyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HBenbetaCD), was used for in-vivo studies in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Letrozole is a drug with dramatic gender-based differences in pharmacokinetics. For example, the terminal half-life (t(1/2)) of letrozole following intravenous administration in male rats was 11.5 +/- 1.8 h (n = 3), while in female rats it was 42.3 +/- 2.9 h (n = 3). HBenbetaCD increased the solubility and enhanced the dissolution rate of letrozole. Complexation of letrozole with HBenbetaCD improved oral absorption in male rats and maximized absorption in female rats. Regardless of gender, the presence of HBenbetaCD in the formulation increased the in-vivo rate of absorption. When administered in a capsule formulation with letrozole, HBenbetaCD resulted in a higher C(max) (61% in male rats, 42% in female), shorter T(max) values (8.4 to 6.3 h in male, 16.4 h to 5.4 h in female) and increased absolute oral bioavailability (46 +/- 2 vs 38 +/- 3 in male, 101 +/- 3 vs 95 +/- 2 in female). Thus, solubility limits both rate and extent of letrozole absorption in male rats, but limits only the rate of absorption in female rats.
Plug Load Behavioral Change Demonstration Project (2011)

This report documents the methods and results of a plug load study of the Environmental Protection Agency's Region 8 Headquarters in Denver, Colorado, conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The study quantified the effect of mechanical and behavioral change approaches on plug load energy reduction and identified effective ways to reduce plug load energy. Load reduction approachesincluded automated energy management systems and behavioral change strategies.
Field-Enhanced GaAs/AlGaAs Waveguide Saturable Absorbers (1992)

Semiconductors have recently been shown to be useful as saturable absorbers. Both bulk and quantum well materials have been used to generate picosecond and femtosecond pulses in color center[1], erbium-doped fiber[2], dye[3] and semiconductor[4] laser systems. These applications typically use damage sites or traps to decrease the absorption recovery time. In semiconductor diode lasers, monolithic structures incorporating waveguide saturable absorber sections for passive modelocking have produced pulses of 0.6 picoseconds, at repetition rates up to 350 GHz. However, the exact mechanism for such high frequency modelocking is not well understood. In order to produce a stable train of short pulses at these millimeter-wave repetition rates, the absorption recovery must be fast enough to recover on each round trip in the cavity, e.g., 10 ps for a 100 GHz repetition rate. The saturable absorber sections are typically p-i-n structures operated under reverse bias to remove photogenerated carriers and achieve this fast recovery, as in a p-i-n photodiode. Knowledge of the dynamics of the saturable absorbers is necessary for design optimization, as well as insight into the potential of these devices for producing short optical and electrical pulses. Absorption recovery is also thought to be responsible for elimination of multiple pulses in external cavity lasers[5]. In this paper we will present a study of the bleaching and recovery dynamics of these waveguide saturable absorbers for different bias conditions, and discuss the implications of the results for modelocked laser systems.
Effects of Substituted Alkyl Chain Length on Solution-Processable Layered Organic Semiconductor Crystals (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEffects of Substituted Alkyl Chain Length on Solution-Processable Layered Organic Semiconductor CrystalsSatoru Inoue*†, Hiromi Minemawari†, Jun'ya Tsutsumi†, Masayuki Chikamatsu†, Toshikazu Yamada†, Sachio Horiuchi†, Mutsuo Tanaka†, Reiji Kumai‡, Makoto Yoneya†, and Tatsuo Hasegawa*†§View Author Information† National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8562, Japan‡ Condensed Matter Research Center (CMRC) and Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan§ Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan*(S.I.) E-mail: [email protected]*(T.H.) E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 11, 3809–3812Publication Date (Web):May 20, 2015Publication History Received3 March 2015Revised13 May 2015Published online27 May 2015Published inissue 9 June 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00810https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00810rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6766Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (6)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Crystal structure,Energy,Phase transitions,Solubility Get e-Alerts
p53-independent response to cisplatin and oxaliplatin in MMTV-ras mouse salivary tumors. (2003)

A transgenic mouse tumor model was used to investigate the role of p53 in tumor response to two different platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents: (a) cisplatin and (b) oxaliplatin, a diaminocyclohexane platine recently introduced into the clinic. MMTV-v-Ha-ras transgenic mice were interbred to p53-deficient mice to generate mice that develop salivary tumors either possessing or lacking p53. Tumor-bearing mice were then treated on either a 9-day schedule to assess overall tumor growth response or on a short-term treatment schedule to assess effects on cell cycle parameters and apoptosis. Both agents induced significant apoptosis and promoted overall tumor regression, regardless of the p53 status of the tumor. This is in contrast to previous studies using this model in which treatment with paclitaxel or doxorubicin promoted tumor growth arrest but not apoptosis. These findings indicate that even in the context of an activated ras gene that potentially mediates suppression of apoptosis, both cisplatin and oxaliplatin are capable of promoting an efficient p53-independent tumor response.
Effect of Electronic Current on the Solid Oxide Membrane (SOM) Process for Magnesium Production (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussions Conclusion Acknowledgements
Achievable rates of ZF receivers in massive MIMO with phase noise impairments (2013)

The effect of oscillator phase noise on the sum-rate performance of large multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems is studied. A Rayleigh fading MU-MIMO uplink channel is considered, where channel state information (CSI) is acquired via training. The base station (BS), which is equipped with an excess of antenna elements, M, uses the channel estimate to perform zero-forcing (ZF) detection. A lower bound on the sum-rate performance is derived. It is shown that the proposed receiver structure exhibits an O(√M) array power gain. Additionally, the proposed receiver is compared with earlier studies that employ maximum ratio combining and it is shown that it can provide significant sum-rate performance gains at the medium and high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime. Further, the expression of the achievable sum rate provides new insights on the effect of various parameters on the overall system performance.
Simple and Accurate Circuit Simulation Model for SiC Power MOSFETs (2015)

Simple and accurate circuit simulation models for high-voltage silicon carbide power MOSFETs and Schottky barrier diodes are presented and validated. The models are physics-based and consist of minimal number of model parameters that can be easily extracted from simple static I-V and C-V measurements. The models are used in a buck-boost bidirectional dc-dc converter, with and without an antiparallel Schottky diode. The efficiency of the converter was analyzed for synchronous and nonsynchronous operation of the switches. An optimal selection of the antiparallel Schottky diode is proposed to minimize the cost of the converter without compromising its efficiency.
Thermal Management of an Electric Ferry Lithium-Ion Battery System (2018)

This paper presents thermal modelling of a Lithium-ion battery module designed to power a fully electric ferry. The operation requirement is to recharge the battery energy storage system within 13 minutes. This presents a thermal management problem with the battery generating excessive heat whilst charging at a rate of 3.45C. To mitigate this problem the battery was analyzed using the ANSYS Fluent software under various cooling methods applied. The results of this analysis revealed that the temperature of the battery can be maintained in the optimal range using an air cooling system.
Densely packed pie-shaped vertical cavity surface-emitting laser array incorporating a tapered one-dimensional wet oxidation (2000)

Summary form only given. Owing to their geometric advantage with respect to mass production, WDM VCSEL arrays have drawn attention as a low cost means of increasing data transmission rate for short haul communications. Recently, pie-shaped WDM VCSEL arrays were successfully fabricated by means of anodic etching followed by regrowth. In addition to this work, wavelength tuning of VCSEL emission has been demonstrated via postgrowth oxidation. In this paper, we present the results of applying postgrowth oxidation to the fabrication of mask-defined densely-packed WDM VCSEL arrays.
InGaAsPN-InP-based photodetectors for long wavelength (/spl lambda/>1.65 μm) applications (2000)

We demonstrate InGaAsPN p-i-n photodetectors lattice-matched to InP substrates with cutoff wavelengths larger than 1.65 μm. The narrow bandgap InGaAsPN absorption layers were grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy using an RF plasma nitrogen source. Optical absorption spectra reveal that InGaAsPN with 5% P and 2.8% N has a cutoff wavelength /spl lambda//sub CO/=1.90 μm Background doping in the absorption layer for a detector with 1.5% N and 5% P is reduced from (1.5/spl plusmn/0.5)×10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/ for the as-grown device, to (5/spl plusmn/0.5)×10/sup 16/ cm/sup -3/ for a thermally annealed device. The unintentional high background doping is due to N-H bond formation or local strain induced defects. Spectral response measurements indicate that /spl lambda//sub CO/=1.85 μm is achieved for detectors annealed at 800/spl deg/C with 2% N and 5% P in the InGaAsPN absorption layer, suggesting that annealed InGaAsPN alloys are promising for use in detectors with response in the near and mid-IR wavelength spectral range.
Uplink CoMP and the applications in TD-LTE networks: Principles and the field trial (2014)

TD-LTE uses the same frequency in the whole network, thus the inter-cell interference severely damages the cell-edge user throughput and the network capacity is therefore suffered. Uplink Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) has the potential to improve uplink capacity and reduce inter-cell interference by jointly processing the received signals from more antennas of the adjacent nodes, which is one of the key technologies of LTE Advanced system. Uplink CoMP is implemented at the eNodeB side with no requirement on terminals or protocols and thus is easy be introduced in the current network. This paper introduces LTE uplink CoMP principles, use cases and recent field trial results in the TD-LTE networks. The field trial results showed that when there is no interference, uplink CoMP gain at the cell border is 20~40%, the lower working point, the larger improvement. When there is interference, uplink CoMP gain at the cell border is 50~100%. The cell-edge user experience thus can be significantly improved.
Effects of selenium deficiency on thyroid hormone economy in rats. (1992)

In selenium-deficient rats, peripheral T4 to T3 conversion is markedly decreased due to the loss of the selenoprotein, type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase (5'D-I). Despite the marked increase in circulating T4 that results from this loss of 5'D-I, serum T3 concentrations in selenium-deficient rats remain in the normal range. To determine the physiological mechanism(s) that maintains circulating T3 when peripheral T4 to T3 conversion is impaired, we examined the interrelationships between selenium intake and the metabolism of T3 and T4 in the rat. In euthyroid rats, selenium deficiency caused the expected loss of 5'D-I, with a 52% increase in serum T4, which paralleled an increase in the T4 biological half-life. Consistent with the prolonged t1/2 of T4, short term thyroidectomy (48 h) in selenium-deficient rats failed to decrease serum T4 concentrations to the levels observed in short term thyroidectomized, selenium-supplemented rats. Short term thyroidectomy also caused an expected 33% decrease in liver 5'D-I and a 44% increase in brain type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase (5'D-II) activities in selenium-supplemented rats. However, in selenium-deficient rats, short term thyroidectomy did not affect 5'D-I or 5'D-II activities. In contrast to the selenium-dependent changes in circulating T4 levels, little or no change in circulating T3 concentrations occurred. There was a 20% increase in the T3 half-life in selenium-deficient rats. The serum T3 sulfate concentration was increased, and T3 deiodination was reciprocally decreased in the selenium-deficient rats. These data suggest that increased T3 sulfate generation in selenium-deficient rats may lead to greater T3 availability through enterohepatic recycling of the iodothyronine and may explain why there are only minor changes in serum T3 concentrations in selenium-deficient rats.
Model Experiments of the Resuspension Caused by Road Traffic (1993)

In the literature field experiments were performed in which factors affecting the resuspension of particulate material by road traffic were investigated. The factors involved were in most cases the particle size and the speed of the car. In some cases even the size of the car was varied (medium-sized car or truck). The present experiments were made to obtain a better understanding of the influence of the aerodynamic effects (not the tire effects) affecting resuspension by road traffic. In the experiments a model was used to investigate the influence of its shape, its velocity, and its distance to the surface. The experiments also included the size of the particles and the kind of surface from which the particles were resuspended. These experiments were performed in order to make possible a better interpretation of the field tests
Extra excitation of biceps femoris during neuromuscular electrical stimulation reduces knee medial loading (2019)

Medial knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating and prevalent condition. Surgical treatment consists of redistributing the forces from the medial to the lateral compartment through osteotomy, or replacing the joint surfaces. As the mediolateral load distribution is related to the action of the musculature around the knee, the aim of this study was to devise a technique to redistribute these forces non-surgically through changes in muscle excitation. Eight healthy subjects participated in the experiment, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation was used to change the muscle forces around the knee. A musculoskeletal model was used to quantify the loading on the medial compartment of the knee, and a novel algorithm devised and implemented to simulate neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The forces and moments at the knee, ground reaction forces, walking velocity and step length were quantified before and after stimulation. Stimulation of the biceps femoris resulted in a significant decrease in the second peak of the medial knee joint loading by up to 0.17 body weight (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Kinematic parameters were not significantly affected. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation can decrease the peak loads on the medial compartment of the knee, and thus offers a promising therapy for medial knee joint OA.
Federated Learning from Heterogeneous Data via Controlled Bayesian Air Aggregation (2023)

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm for training models across multiple edge devices holding local data sets, without explicitly exchanging the data. Recently, over-the-air (OTA) FL has been suggested to reduce the bandwidth and energy consumption, by allowing the users to transmit their data simultaneously over a Multiple Access Channel (MAC). However, this approach results in channel noise directly affecting the optimization procedure, which may degrade the accuracy of the trained model. In this paper we jointly exploit the prior distribution of local weights and the channel distribution, and develop an OTA FL algorithm based on a Bayesian approach for signal aggregation. Our proposed algorithm, dubbed Bayesian Air Aggregation Federated learning (BAAF), is shown to effectively mitigate noise and fading effects induced by the channel. To handle statistical heterogeneity of users data, which is a second major challenge in FL, we extend BAAF to allow for appropriate local updates by the users and develop the Controlled Bayesian Air Aggregation Federated-learning (COBAAF) algorithm. In addition to using a Bayesian approach to average the channel output, COBAAF controls the drift in local updates using a judicious design of correction terms. We analyze the convergence of the learned global model using BAAF and COBAAF in noisy and heterogeneous environment, showing their ability to achieve a convergence rate similar to that achieved over error-free channels. Simulation results demonstrate the improved convergence of BAAF and COBAAF over existing algorithms in machine learning tasks.