gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SU‐GG‐I‐04: Grid‐Computing for Optimization of CAD (2008)

Purpose: Pilot study to utilize large scale parallel grid computing to harness the nationwide cluster infrastructure for optimization of medical image analysis parameters. Method and Materials: A previously developed CAD scheme for mass lesions in mammography was ported onto the grid computing environment by wrapping the algorithm code with the virtual data language (VDL). The CAD scheme was then configured into a parallelizable workflow by the grid‐software. The workflows were executed using two test clusters (in Santa Monica, CA and Chicago, IL) consisting of over 220 dual‐CPU nodes combined. Using the grid‐environment workflow, parameter sweeps were conducted for lesion segmentation settings based on radial‐gradient‐index (RGI) methods. Specifically, the Gaussian width (GW) used in initially filtering lesion images for segmentation was varied by increments of 1 mm from 1 to 60 mm. For each GW sweep the entire 850 biopsy‐proven mass lesion database (411 benign, 439 malignant) was analyzed. In each, 29 different mathematical descriptor features were calculated, followed by feature selection and merging with linear discriminate analysis. Diagnostic performance was estimated by ROC analysis by calculating AUC (from PROPROC) values based on both individual features alone, and merged. For merged classifiers, AUC values were found using round‐robin case‐by‐case removal and replacement. Results: Computation jobs requiring over 30 CPU hours on a single lab computer were completed in approximately 35 minutes in this preliminary study. Merged AUC values increased from 0.50 (std.err.=0.018) at GW of 1mm with, to 0.81 (std.err.=0.015) at 10mm GW, with relative plateaus across the rest of the parameter space to 60mm. Conclusion: The parameter space sweep in GW identified trends in individual feature performance as well as merged results. Large scale, computationally intensive image analysis can be carried out in a timely fashion, feasible for expedited experimental discovery, as well as for more thorough future statistical analysis.
Uniaxial and biaxial strain field dependence of the thermal oxidation rate of silicon (2001)

We have investigated the effect of homogenous uniaxial and biaxial strains on the thermal oxidation processes of Si with newly developed techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ellipsometry measurements have revealed that the biaxial compressive strain suppresses the oxidation rate at temperatures lower than 800 °C, while the uniaxial strain does not affect the oxidation rate. It has been also found that stress during the thermal oxidation does not cause any change in the electronic states of the oxide which are characterized by XPS and x-ray absorption near edge structure.
Computational Performance of Time-Resolved Diffuse Optical Tomography in a Two-Layer Brain Model (2018)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: COFACIAL ASSEMBLY OF PARTIALLY OXIDIZED METALLOMACROCYCLES AS AN APPROACH TO CONTROLLING LATTICE ARCHITECTURE IN LOW‐DIMENSIONAL MOLECULAR SOLIDS. SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF COFACIALLY JOINED SILICON AND GERMANIUM HEMIPORPHYRAZINE POLYMERS (1985)

Abstract Der nach einer leicht veränderten Literaturmethode mit besserer Ausb. dargestellte Makrocyclus (I) reagiert mit SiCl 4 zu dem Si‐Derivat (IIa) (35% Ausb.), das nach alkalischer Hydrolyse zu (IIb) (60% Ausb.) thermisch unter Bildung von (IIIa) polymerisiert wurde.
Multi-Level Cervical Constructs in Clinical Practice Using Integrated Interbody Fusion (2020)

Journal of the American College of Surgeons 231(4):p e39, October 2020. | DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.08.097
Temporal and spatial evaluation of pulmonary blood flow using multiple delay PCASL at 1.5 Tesla (2018)

Pseudo-continuous-arterial-spin-labeling (PCASL) has been successfully applied in abdominal organs to image organ perfusion. The aim of this work was to evaluate the pulmonary blood flow in dependence on the cardiac cycle using PCASL at 1.5T. Labeling of pulmonary blood flow was achieved by ECG triggering and an labeling plane perpendicular to the pulmonary trunk (tagging duration 300ms). In five volunteers, eight measurements were acquired with fast True-FISP imaging (in-plane-resolution, 2.5×2.5mm2, coronal view) with post-labeling delays between 100 and 1500ms. The PCASL-True-FISP technique was able to precisely assess blood flow of pulmonary arteries, as well as perfusion of the lung parenchyma.
Characterization of spectral broadening of Doppler signals recorded in the left ventricular outflow tract of patients with a valvular aortic stenosis (2003)

Ultrasonic Doppler signals were recorded in the left ventricular outflow tract of 48 patients to detect aortic valve stenosis. Extraction of Doppler spectral parameters was based on the characterization of spectral broadening. Results showed that the spectral envelope area is the best parameter among those tested for discriminating between patients with and without aortic pressure gradient, and also between patients having a mean aortic pressure gradient lower and higher than 60 mmHg. The systolic window and the bandwidth at -3 dB of the mode frequency gave the worst results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Adenosine Deaminase: Functional Implications and Different Classes of Inhibitors (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Medicolegal aspects of replanting permanent teeth. (2005)

Replantation of a permanent tooth is an intervention that carries the same responsibilities in terms of informed consent as a surgical procedure. Unlike many procedures that can be planned in advance, an avulsion requires decision-making shortly after the injury, often by a distraught patient or parent. Under these circumstances, patients or parents prefer, or may even pressure, clinicians to make the replantation decision for them.Later, the parents may seek advice of other professionals or be confronted by lay opinions or Internet information that may lead them to doubt the decision or even feel betrayed by the dentist who provided the acute care. This article uses an actual parent complaint to illustrate the medicolegal aspects of the replantation decision and describe measures to be taken by the clinician faced with this situation.
Remote positioning optical breast magnetic resonance coil for slice-selection during image-guided near-infrared spectroscopy of breast cancer (2011)

The design and testing of a pneumatic optical positioning interface produced with the goal of improving fiber positioning in magnetic resonance (MR)-guided diffuse spectral imaging of breast cancer is presented. The system was created for vertical positioning of optical fibers inside the MR bore during a patient exam to target suspicious lesions with MR scans for reference and collect multiple planes of optical data. The interface includes new fiber plates for mechanical and optical coupling to the breast, and was tested in phantoms and human imaging. Reconstructions with data taken in the new interface show acceptable linearity over different absorber concentrations (residual norm = 0.067), and exhibit good contrast recovery at different imaging planes, which is consistent with previous work. An example of human breast imaging through the new interface is shown and a discussion of how it compares to other patient interfaces for breast imaging is presented. Design goals of increasing the available degrees of freedom for fiber positioning while maintaining good patient-fiber contact and comfort were accomplished. This interface allows improved volumetric imaging with interactive and accurate slice selection to quantify targeted suspicious lesions.
A Comparison of Short- and Long-Term Soy Protein Isolate Intake and Its Ability to Reduce Liver Steatosis in Obese Zucker Rats Through Modifications of Genes Involved in Inflammation and Lipid Transport (2021)

Obesity can lead to several health disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the aggregation of lipids within hepatocytes, and consequent inflammation of the liver tissue. Previously, we reported that feeding obese Zucker rats with soy protein isolate (SPI) can reduce liver steatosis. To understand how SPI reduced liver steatosis, we conducted global gene expression analysis on liver samples obtained from these rats after short- (8 weeks) and long-term SPI feeding (16 weeks). We compared and contrasted these data using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. This study focused mainly on target molecules that could be participating in inflammation processes and lipid metabolism that are well-known components of NAFLD. Inflammatory response was predicted to be inhibited in animals fed the SPI diet at both 8 and 16 weeks of experiment. This general prediction was based on negative activation <i>z</i> scores obtained through IPA (<i>z</i> score < -2.0, <i>P</i> < .00001) for eight aspects of immune function/inflammatory response. Lipid metabolism was predicted to be strongly enhanced in rats fed the SPI diet for 16 weeks than for 8 weeks. This prediction was based on positive activation <i>z</i> scores (<i>z</i> scores >2.0, <i>P</i> < .00001) of eight functions involved in lipid transport and metabolism. We observed that the longer the rats were fed the SPI diet, the more beneficial it resulted against NAFLD. Based on our findings, the predicted reductions in inflammatory mechanisms while enhancing lipid transport out of the liver could be the reasons behind the reduction of liver steatosis.
Screening for high-performance piezoelectrics using high-throughput density functional theory (2011)

We present a large-scale density functional theory (DFT) investigation of the $\mathit{AB}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ chemical space in the perovskite crystal structure, with the aim of identifying those that are relevant for forming piezoelectric materials. Screening criteria on the DFT results are used to select 49 compositions, which can be seen as the fundamental building blocks from which to create alloys with potentially good piezoelectric performance. This screening finds all the alloy end points used in three well-known high-performance piezoelectrics. The energy differences between different structural distortions, deformation, coupling between the displacement of the $A$ and $B$ sites, spontaneous polarization, Born effective charges, and stability is analyzed in each composition. We discuss the features that cause the high piezoelectric performance of the well-known piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and investigate to what extent these features occur in other compositions. We demonstrate how our results can be useful in the design of isovalent alloys with high piezoelectric performance.
Laser beam projection with adaptive array of fiber collimators II Analysis of atmospheric compensation efficiency (2008)

We analyze the potential efficiency of laser beam projection onto a remote object in atmosphere with incoherent and coherent phase-locked conformal-beam director systems composed of an adaptive array of fiber collimators. Adaptive optics compensation of turbulence-induced phase aberrations in these systems is performed at each fiber collimator. Our analysis is based on a derived expression for the atmospheric-averaged value of the mean square residual phase error as well as direct numerical simulations. Operation of both conformal-beam projection systems is compared for various adaptive system configurations characterized by the number of fiber collimators, the adaptive compensation resolution, and atmospheric turbulence conditions.
DO/NDR/02 a novel polymeric nanoparticle paclitaxel: Results of a phase I dose escalation study (2004)

2026 Background: DO/NDR/02 is a novel Cremophor free Paclitaxel formulation in which the drug is delivered as nano micelles using a polymeric carrier. A phase I dose escalation study evaluating a three weekly regimen is being conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety profile and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of this formulation when given to refractory or metastatic solid tumors. Method: DO/NDR/02 was administered as a one-hour infusion without premedications in doses ranging from 135 to 375 mg/m2 for a maximum of six cycles. Serial blood samples were collected for PK analysis during cycles 1 and 2 and Paclitaxel concentrations were determined using a validated HPLC method. Results: Twenty-three patients have been treated at various dose levels up to 375mg/m2. Till date there has been no incidence of hypersensitivity reactions, febrile neutropenia or neuropathies above grade 1. The major non-hematological toxicities were grade 3 infection without neutropenia (n=1) seen at 135 mg/m2 and grade 3 diarrhea (n = 2) at 300 and 375 mg/m2 respectively. The major hematological toxicities have been grade 4 neutropenia (n = 2) at 135 and 375 mg/m2. The MTD has been determined at 375mg/m2. Objective responses (OR) are seen in 6 out of 18 (33.3%) patients evaluated so far. 5 out of 10 (50%) cases of heavily pretreated breast cancer have shown OR. PK analysis has shown a linear correlation between the mean AUC and dose up to 375mg/m2. Conclusions: The initial results of this study reveals that DO/NDR/02 may be safely administered without any premedications, to a higher dose than Cremophor Paclitaxel. It has also shown a linear PK profile and encouraging clinical activity in advanced breast cancers. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Dabur Research Foundation Dabur Research Foundation Dabur Research Foundation Dabur Research Foundation
BUTYRATE-INDUCED DIFFERENTIATION IN LEUKEMIC MYELOID CELLS - IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO STUDIES (1994)

A study of the effects of three differentiating agents, butyric acid, retinoic acid and cytosine arabinoside on proliferation and differentiation of primary cultures, obtained from sixteen patients with myelo-proliferative disorder was conducted. The results showed that BA was an effective inhibitor of cell proliferation and inducer of cytodifferentiation. An acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia patient was treated with sodium butyrate. A temporary increase in differentiation-associated parameters were noted. However, the effects of SB were short-lived. The lack of clinical response led to the development of a BA prodrug pivaloyloxymethylbutyrate (AN-9). This prodrug was more potent in vitro than BA in the induction of cytodifferentiation and inhibition of cell proliferation.
The rise and rise of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. (2007)

First described in 1885, Escherichia coli gradually achieved recognition as a cause of diarrhoea. Strains of E. coli which belonged to a limited number of O-serogroups and had been associated with outbreaks of diarrhoea in hospitalised children were designated 'enteropathogenic' E. coli (EPEC) to distinguish them from E. coli strains that cause other types of infection. The discovery that some strains of E. coli can produce toxins or invade epithelial cells in a similar fashion to established pathogens, such as Vibrio cholerae and Shigella species, shed new light on E. coli virulence. As EPEC do not exhibit either of these properties, however, their pathogenicity was brought into question. Further studies revealed that EPEC constitute a distinctive group of pathogenic bacteria that display characteristic adherence to cultured epithelial cells and produce distinctive histopathological changes, termed 'attaching-effacing lesions', in the intestinal epithelium. The ability to evoke these lesions, which are essential for virulence, is associated with a series of linked genes, known as the locus for enterocyte effacement, on the bacterial chromosome. In addition, the pathogenicity of some EPEC strains is associated with the presence of a plasmid-encoded, bundle-forming pilus. Naturally occurring strains of EPEC which lack this pilus are known as atypical EPEC and are an emerging cause of diarrhoea throughout the world.
Autophagy is Impaired in the Tibialis Anterior of Dystrophin Null Mice (2013)

Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a lethal, progressive, muscle-wasting disease caused by mutations in the DMD gene. Structural remodelling processes are responsible for muscle atrophy and replacement of myofibers by fibrotic and adipose tissues. Molecular interventions modulating catabolic pathways, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems, are under development for Duchenne and other muscular dystrophies. The Akt signaling cascade is one of the main pathways involved in protein synthesis and autophagy repression and is known to be up-regulated in dystrophin null mdx mice. Results We report that autophagy is triggered by fasting in the tibialis anterior muscle of control mice but not in mdx mice. Mdx mice show persistent Akt activation upon fasting and failure to increase the expression of FoxO3 regulated autophagy and atrophy genes, such as Bnip3 and Atrogin1. We also provide evidence that autophagy is differentially regulated in mdx tibialis anterior and diaphragm muscles. Conclusions Our data support the concept that autophagy is impaired in the tibialis anterior muscle of mdx mice and that the regulation of autophagy is muscle type dependent. Differences between muscle groups should be considered during the pre-clinical development of therapeutic strategies addressing muscle metabolism.
Impact of Liquid-Crystalline Chain Alignment on Charge Transport in Conducting Polymers (2019)

We develop a theoretical model to predict the impact of nematic liquid-crystalline alignment on charge transport in conducting polymer materials. Using polymer field-theoretic modeling, we predict the chain conformations in a polymer liquid-crystalline state as wormlike chains aligning via a Maier–Saupe interaction. The resulting chain conformations are inserted into our theoretical model for charge transport in a conducting polymer material, which has been previously vetted against experimental measurements in amorphous polymer materials. The resulting predictive model provides a foundational approach to assess the potential enhancement in charge mobility arising from chain alignment in a liquid-crystalline phase. We use this model to predict the mobility enhancement with increasing nematic alignment and varying molecular weight. These predictions offer insight into the potential for performance improvement for conducting materials that are processed from a liquid-crystalline state.
Essai clinique pilote pour la validation d’un imageur endoscopique bi-modalités utilisé pour la détection des cancers de vessie par cystoscopie de fluorescence (2019)

National audience
The association between maternal body mass index and serial plasma oxytocin levels during labor (2023)

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04093479.
Reflection of Phonons at an Interface between a Solid and Liquid Helium (1972)

The reflection coefficient of phonons at a boundary between several dielectric crystals and liquid helium has been measured by the heat-pulse technique. The reflection coefficient is found to be smaller for transverse phonons than for longitudinal.
Joy and discovery are inseparable from academic commitment (2012)

Constantine A Stratakis Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, CRC Rm 1-3330, Building 10-CRC, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA Inter-Institute Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
High-pressure plasmas for radar wave absorption (2002)

not more than 200 words) Possible ways of generating plasmas with sufficiently high electron density and gas pressure for efficient absorption of radar waves are studied by means of numerical solution of fluid equations and analytical estimates, using available coefficients on ionization and recombination. It is found that helium, or a helium-argon mixture are is the most suitable gas. The computational modeling in two dimensions indicates that stable discharges can be generated with dielectric-coated electrodes at driving frequencies in the range of 1 MHz. One-dimensional computations were undertaken and reached densities in the vicinity of the required values. One problem is the rather high power consumption that is expected for a sufficiently dense plasma. Both the numerical simulations and theoretical estimates indicate that the required power consumption is in the range of several tens of kW/m. In order to obtain more conclusive results, an experimental test would be necessary. The study was carried out at the Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Department of Electromagnetics at Chalmers, from October 2001 until March 2002, and was supported by FMV and FOI.
Supplementary Fig. S3 from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S3 from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate
Inorganic Materials and Assembly Techniques for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics (2015)

In recent years, important progress has been made in developing design strategies, materials, and associated assembly techniques that provide empowering approaches to electronics with unconventional formats, ones that allow useful but previously hard to realize attributes of function. Notable examples of the progress made include: light weight, large area, high performance electronics, optics, and photonics; electronic and optical systems with curvilinear shapes and capacities for accommodating demanding forms of mechanical flexure; new device form factors for use in sensing and imaging; the integration of high performance electronics in 3-D with demanding nanometer design rules; functional bioresponsive electronics; and advanced hybrid materials systems for lighting, energy storage, and photovoltaic energy conversion. In this report we highlight advances that are enabling such promising capabilities in technology-specifically, the fabrication of device elements using high performance inorganic electronic materials joined with printing and transfer methods to effect their integration within functional modules. We emphasize in this review considerations of the design strategies and assembly techniques that, when taken together, circumvent limitations imposed by approaches that integrate circuit elements within compact, rigid, and essentially planar form factor devices, and provide a transformational set of capabilities for high performance flexible/stretchable electronics.