gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical and Electro-Optical Properties of New Nematic LC Mixtures for Highly Multiplexed TN-Displays (1999)

Abstract A set of new, blended nematic liquid crystal mixtures to improve the performance of highly multiplexed TN-displays are presented. The physical and electro-optical properties of new LC mixtures have been investigated, along with the frequency and temperature dependence of threshold voltage about newly developed liquid crystals. The multiplexable mixtures are completely miscible and can be blended, thus leading to new mixtures covering a wide range of threshold voltages 1.2 > V10 > 2.0 V, nematic-isotropic phase transition temperatures 60 > Tc > 100[ddot]C, and/or optical anisotropies 0.13>Δ n>0.18.
Revisiting thermal effects in submicron CMOS-SOI transistors (2011)

In this study we report measurements and modeling of true channel temperature of CMOS-SOI transistors. It is shown that the temperature rise is significant, above 100K, for transistors with applied power of ~0.1 milliwatt. The CMOS-SOI transistors were designed and fabricated with a standard partially depleted CMOS - SOI 0.18μm process. It is shown that the local heating of the channel carriers may result in higher temperatures than predicted by the conventional steady-state thermal analysis. Modeling based on channel's thermoelectric effects is applied to account for the observed local-heating. The results of this study have impact on circuit design and may be extended to regular CMOS submicron technology.
Fundus Autofluorescence and Colour Fundus Imaging Compared During Telemedicine Screening in Patients with Diabetes (2013)

We investigated the use of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in screening the eyes of patients with diabetes. Images were obtained from 50 patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing telemedicine screening with colour fundus imaging. The colour and FAF images were obtained with a 15.1 megapixel non-mydriatic retinal camera. Colour and FAF images were compared for pathology seen in nonproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR and PDR, respectively). A qualitative assessment was made of the ease of detecting early retinopathy changes and the extent of existing retinopathy. The mean age of the patients was 47 years, most were male (82%) and most were African American (68%). Their mean visual acuity was 20/45 and their mean intraocular pressure was 14.3 mm Hg. Thirty-eight eyes (76%) did not show any diabetic retinopathy changes on colour or FAF imaging. Seven patients (14%) met the criteria for NPDR and five (10%) for severe NPDR or PDR. The most common findings were microaneurysms, hard exudates and intra-retinal haemorrhages (IRH) (n = 6 for each). IRH, microaneurysms and chorioretinal scars were more easily visible on FAF images. Hard exudates, pre-retinal haemorrhage and fibrosis, macular oedema and Hollenhorst plaque were easier to identify on colour photographs. The value of FAF imaging as a complementary technique to colour fundus imaging in detecting diabetic retinopathy during ocular screening warrants further investigation.
Contact Transition Control of Nonlinear Mechanical Systems Subject to a Unilateral Constraint (1997)

In this paper, contact transition control of mechanical systems subject to a unilateral constraint is presented. A systematic way is proposed for designing control laws for unilaterally constrained mechanical systems. Three phases of motion (inactive, transition, active) are formulated depending on the activation/deactivation of the constraint. Our framework describes the complete behaviour of the mechanical system under the action of a unilateral constraint. We propose stable control laws for all the phases of the system. Exponential stability in each phase is shown. Of special interest is the contact transition problem. During this phase the dynamics is discontinuous. Nonsmooth Lyapunov techniques are used to show exponential stability in the transition phase. Composite Lyapunov functions are constructed for each phase and these are used to show asymptotic stability of the overall system taking into consideration switching from one phase to another. The proposed method is successfully implemented on robots interacting with an environment, and we present results of those experiments. Experimental results confirm the theoretically predicted behavior.
Species-Specific Uptake of Arsenic on Confined Metastable 2-Line Ferrihydrite: A Combined Raman-X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Investigation of the Adsorption Mechanism (2018)

The present study is targeted toward understanding the interaction between important and technologically relevant polymorphs of iron oxides/oxyhydroxides with arsenic species at neutral pH. The existence of various arsenic (As) species in solution was verified by Raman measurements. Their species-dependent adsorption on the affordable arsenic removal media, confined metastable 2-line ferrihydrite (CM2LF) was investigated. The results were compared with common adsorption media, hematite (α-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the changes in the core levels of Fe 2p and As 3d resulting from the uptake of arsenic species. Binding of various As species with CM2LF was confirmed by FTIR studies. Raman adsorption data were found to fit a pseudo-second-order model. Results of this study show the synthesized nanocomposite of CM2LF to be very effective for the removal of As(III) and As(V) species in comparison to various materials at neutral pH. A model for the adsorption of As(III) and As(V) species in water on a ferrihydrite particle was developed. This accounted for the large uptake capacity.
Data from A Chemical Genetics Approach for the Functional Assessment of Novel Cancer Genes (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Assessing the functional significance of novel putative oncogenes remains a significant challenge given the limitations of current loss-of-function tools. Here, we describe a method that employs TALEN or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in of inducible degron tags (Degron-KI) that provides a versatile approach for the functional characterization of novel cancer genes and addresses many of the shortcomings of current tools. The Degron-KI system allows for highly specific, inducible, and allele-targeted inhibition of endogenous protein function, and the ability to titrate protein depletion with this system is able to better mimic pharmacologic inhibition compared with RNAi or genetic knockout approaches. The Degron-KI system was able to faithfully recapitulate the effects of pharmacologic EZH2 and PI3Kα inhibitors in cancer cell lines. The application of this system to the study of a poorly understood putative oncogene, &lt;i&gt;SF3B1&lt;/i&gt;, provided the first causal link between &lt;i&gt;SF3B1&lt;/i&gt; hotspot mutations and splicing alterations. Surprisingly, we found that &lt;i&gt;SF3B1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant cells are not dependent upon the mutated allele for &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; growth, but instead depend upon the function of the remaining wild-type alleles. Collectively, these results demonstrate the broad utility of the Degron-KI system for the functional characterization of cancer genes. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 75(10); 1949–58. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Image Recognition System for Automated Lighting Retrofit Assessment (2013)

Buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of all US energy use and carbon emissions. Lighting technologies continue to evolve, leading to potential energy savings through retrofits of lighting systems. Building lighting systems is typically the first item evaluated by commercial and industrial energy auditors. This paper presents the first phase of a project to develop unmanned aerial and ground vehicles capable of conducting autonomous energy audits of commercial buildings.\nThe paper presents a prototype system that can enumerate and classify the lighting in a building using an optical camera, accelerometer, spectrometer, and distance sensor. As the aerial vehicle navigates throughout a room, the prototype system captures images and collects frequency data of lighting. The system employs image recognition techniques to quantify lighting in each room. Using the unique frequency spectrum of each lighting type, the prototype system classifies the different types of lighting with the spectrometer. An accompanying software program then analyzes the quantity and type of lighting to recommend economical alternatives, or lighting retrofits.
A Methodology for Creating AI FactSheets (2020)

As AI models and services are used in a growing number of highstakes areas, a consensus is forming around the need for a clearer record of how these models and services are developed to increase trust. Several proposals for higher quality and more consistent AI documentation have emerged to address ethical and legal concerns and general social impacts of such systems. However, there is little published work on how to create this documentation. This is the first work to describe a methodology for creating the form of AI documentation we call FactSheets. We have used this methodology to create useful FactSheets for nearly two dozen models. This paper describes this methodology and shares the insights we have gathered. Within each step of the methodology, we describe the issues to consider and the questions to explore with the relevant people in an organization who will be creating and consuming the AI facts in a FactSheet. This methodology will accelerate the broader adoption of transparent AI documentation.
Translating In Vitro Acrolein‐Trapping Capacities of Tea Polyphenol and Soy Genistein to In Vivo Situation is Mediated by the Bioavailability and Biotransformation of Individual Polyphenols (2019)

The findings demonstrate that in vivo anti-ACR ability of dietary polyphenols cannot be reflected solely based on their in vitro ability. The bioavailability and biotransformation of individual polyphenols, and especially the gut microbiome, contribute to in vivo anti-ACR ability of dietary polyphenols.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Class of 1,3‐Oxathiolane Nucleoside Analogues (VII), (VIII), ( X), (XI) Having Potent Anti‐HIV Activity. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cross-modal Attention for MRI and Ultrasound Volume Registration (2021)

Prostate cancer biopsy benefits from accurate fusion of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In the past few years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proved powerful in extracting image features crucial for image registration. However, challenging applications and recent advances in computer vision suggest that CNNs are quite limited in its ability to understand spatial correspondence between features, a task in which the self-attention mechanism excels. This paper aims to develop a self-attention mechanism specifically for cross-modal image registration. Our proposed cross-modal attention block effectively maps each of the features in one volume to all features in the corresponding volume. Our experimental results demonstrate that a CNN network designed with the cross-modal attention block embedded outperforms an advanced CNN network 10 times of its size. We also incorporated visualization techniques to improve the interpretability of our network. The source code of our work is available at https://github.com/DIAL-RPI/Attention-Reg .
Characterization of a high-resolution breath acetone meter for ketosis monitoring (2020)

The results validated the performance of the PBAM. The BrAce/BHB correlation was similar to literature values where BrAce was measured using highly accurate lab instruments. Additionally, BrAce measurements using the PBAM can be used to predict blood BHB states. The relatively high daily variability of ketone levels indicate that single blood or breath ketone measurements are often not sufficient to assess daily ketone exposure for most users. Finally, although single coincident blood and breath ketone measurements show only a moderate correlation, possibly due to the temporal lag between BrAce and blood BHB, daily ketone exposures for blood and breath are highly correlated.
Geometric scaling factors for the pediatric brainstem. (2008)

Injuries caused by motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are the leading cause of death for children in the United States as well as the leading cause of head injury. Improved finite element models that integrate the correct shape of the pediatric brain with current injury prediction metrics would improve occupant response prediction for the pediatric occupant. The focus of this study is the improvement of geometric scaling factors for the brainstem to adapt current adult brain models to a pediatric model. The method used to assess shape change for this study was a geometric morphometric analysis technique. A sliding landmark form of a general Procrustes analysis was selected for its ability to compare curved structures with few true landmarks. The dataset consisted of fifty-nine individuals ranging in age from newborn to twenty-one years of age with groups specified at newborn, three months, six months, one year, three years, six years, ten years, fifteen years, and twenty-one years of age. Data was collected by outlining the structure on transverse and sagittal scans of magnetic resonance images and then creating a landmark dataset with a user-defined number of points for each individual. Once all individuals had the same number of landmarks, these points are allowed to slide on planes tangent to the surface until a value described as bending energy is minimized relative to an iteratively computed mean configuration from a Generalized Procrustes Analysis. A General Procrustes Analysis was completed for this data set to determine the shape differences between the age groups. Then, the coordinate locations were regressed onto age, and this analysis resulted in a model that predicted landmark locations based on age. From this model, the dimensions of the brainstem were calculated using the specified age groups. The final step was taking the dimensions of the predicted twenty-one year old model as the base and calculating a geometric scaling factor for shape, without including changes in size, for each age group. To assess the statistical significance of the process, permutation tests with 100,000 iterations were performed with resulting p-values of 0.17177 for a linear regression and 0.13467 for a quadratic regression of landmark location as a function of age.
MEMS Gas-Sensor Array for Monitoring the Perceived Car-Cabin Air Quality (2006)

Microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) metal-oxide gas sensors have reached a mature stage, which makes mass market applications in the automotive area possible. In contrast to the already established flap-control system, which controls the access of (combustion) gases from outside the vehicle to the car cabin, the system studied here detects odor events created within the car cabin. The events under study have been cigarette smoke, fast-food odor, manure, and bioeffluents (flatulence). As the reference cannot be a “simple analytical measurement,” a human test panel for assessing the hedonic impression on a scale from 0 to 5 is used as reference. The technical system is a MEMS metal-oxide-sensor array consisting of three different sensors. The data-evaluation approach used here is combining the human-sensory data and the MEMS sensor data. The task is performed by the combination of two independent algorithms, where one is related to the normalized conductance and the other to signal variance. Using a combined approach has the advantage that “false” events are suppressed. After the algorithm was successfully transferred onto a microcontroller, real-life data were recorded and classified. Several practical examples are given in this paper. The overall gas-sensor system reaches good accordance with the human-sensory impression, which is represented by air quality levels. This enables the design of a demand-controlled ventilation system.
Role of SIRT1 and Progesterone Resistance in Normal and Abnormal Endometrium (2021)

SIRT1 expression and progesterone resistance appears to play roles in normal endometrial functions. Aberrant SIRT1 expression contributes to progesterone resistance and may participate in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. SIRT1 is a novel and targetable protein for the diagnosis as well as treatment of endometriosis and the associated infertility seen in this disease.
Serologic and molecular characterization of an abortigenic strain of equine arteritis virus isolated from infective frozen semen and an aborted equine fetus (1998)

A virus isolated from an aborted equine fetus was determined to be antigenically distinct from several other strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) by use of a neutralization assay with a large panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The virus was readily neutralized by polyclonal equine anti-EAV serum. Comparative nucleotide and amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the virus (WA97) isolated from the aborted fetus was virtually identical to a virus (S1971) isolated from imported semen used to inseminate another mare on the farm. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the WA97/S1971 virus was more related to European than to North American strains of EAV. These sensitive molecular procedures may be useful for epidemiologic investigations of EAV infections. Screening and certification of stallions and frozen equine semen would prevent dissemination of pathogenic strains of EAV.
Lymphoma in Macaques: Association with Virus of Human T Lymphotrophic Family (1984)

Human T-cell leukemia virus has been linked with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL), a tumor of mature T cells that occurs at elevated rates in southwestern Japan and in the Caribbean Basin. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) or a closely related virus, has also been found in varying proportions of healthy individuals of several species of Old World monkeys. In the present study, conducted with macaques from Taiwan and the New England Regional Primate Research Center, antibodies to membrane antigens of HTLV-infected cells (HTLV-MA) were found in 11 of 13 macaques with malignant lymphoma or lymphoproliferative disease but in only 7 of 95 of healthy macaques. This indicates that antibodies to HTLV are significantly associated with the development of naturally occurring lymphoid neoplasms in at least some species of nonhuman primates.
Expected Confusion as a Method of Evaluating Recognition Techniques (2001)

We derive an expected confusion metric, as opposed to reporting percent correct with a limited database, as a method to evaluate recognition techniques. This metric allows us to predict how well a given feature vector will filter identity in a large population. Our expected confusion is the ratio of the average individual variation of a feature vector. We evaluate our gait-recognition technique that recovers static body and stride parameters of walking subjects with the expected confusion metric to demonstrate its use
Influence of Limb Positioning and Measurement Method on the Magnitude of the Tibial Plateau Angle (2004)

True lateral positioning of the tibia defined by superimposition of the femoral and tibial condyles should be used for accurate TPA determination before tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.
Rearrangement of the Vinylog of Benzpinacol1-3 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement of the Vinylog of Benzpinacol1-3Robert E. Lutz, Robert G. Bass, and David W. Boykin Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3660–3664Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a057https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In Reply (2011)

We thank the authors for their comments in their letter in response to our article. Most importantly, we wish to point out that this was a safety and feasibility study, and this is explicitly stated in the abstract and elsewhere in the article. The design and implementation of small initial safety and feasibility studies, often by necessity, differ from those of larger definitive trials conducted at a later date. In this case, as stated in our article, we chose a single-blinded design because we thought that it was in the best interest of patient safety to keep all investigators aware of patient status. Of note, the only other published epidural prefrontal cortical stimulation (EpCS) study for depression was an open-label trial in 5 subjects.1 The addition of the results of safety and feasibility studies to the literature is essential because they set the stage for larger, more definitive studies. That was the purpose of publishing these trial results. We did find that 4 patients (of 12) achieved remission, and 5 had 50% or greater improvement on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression at some point in the study. Given the treatment-refractory nature of this study population, these results are quite promising. We did not see a statistical difference between sham and active stimulation during the sham-controlled stage (although a trend toward efficacy was seen in the active stimulation group), and, again, this is explicitly stated in the abstract and elsewhere in the article. Regarding other comments, the patient who committed suicide did so after being told that the sponsor company was dissolving and that the trial was going to end and the device would have to be explanted. Before this point, the patient had been receiving some benefit from the EpCS. The potential rater bias confound is difficult to control in a single-blinded study. Again, however, this was a safety and feasibility study. Regarding adverse event reporting, patients were directly asked whether they were experiencing adverse events at each study visit. Regarding neuropsychological testing results, there were no adverse cognitive effects. In fact, there was an improvement of neuropsychological testing results with treatment. We plan to publish these results in a separate article. In conclusion, we do not by any means conclude that this initial safety and feasibility study establishes EpCS as an intervention of treatment-resistant depression. We do believe, however, that these initial results are quite promising and that further study is warranted. We look forward to these future trials. Disclosure The authors have no personal financial or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.
Over-expression of a modified bifunctional apoptosis regulator protects against cardiac injury and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in transgenic mice (2008)

Our results demonstrate that over-expression of BAR Delta RING renders the heart more resistant to I/R injury and DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and this protection correlates with reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.