gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Site-Specific Fabrication and Epitaxial Conversion of Functional Oxide Nanodisk Arrays (2006)

Nanodisk arrays of technologically important magnetic (CoFe(2)O(4)) and ferroelectric (BaTiO(3)) oxides are fabricated on diverse substrates with well-defined size and separation using the soft-eBL approach. We demonstrate that below a certain pattern size, the as-deposited amorphous nanodisks can be readily converted into dense, single-crystal form that exhibit cube-on-cube heteroepitaxy with respect to the underlying single-crystal substrate. Such single-crystal disks show well-defined truncated-pyramid morphology that is consistent with Wulff construction. The mechanism of morphology development with the pattern size change is discussed. Localized characterization of the crystallinity, chemical composition, and magnetic behavior of the CFO nanodisk patterns are carried out using analytical transmission electron microscopy and magnetic force microscopy. Such solution-based epitaxial conversion of patterned arrays of multifunctional oxides has potential for viable cost-effective technological applications.
Capacity and Data Complexity in Multidimensional Linear Attack. (2016)

Multidimensional linear attacks are one of the most powerful variants of linear cryptanalytic techniques now. However, there is no knowledge on the key-dependent capacity and data complexity so far. Their values were assumed to be close to the average value for a vast majority of keys. This assumption is not accurate. In this paper, under a reasonable condition, we explicitly formulate the capacity as a Gamma distribution and the data complexity as an Inverse Gamma distribution, in terms of the average linear potential and the dimension. The capacity distribution is experimentally verified on the 5-round PRESENT. Regarding complexity, we solve the problem of estimating the average data complexity, which was difficult to estimate because of the existence of zero correlations. We solve the problem of using the median complexity in multidimensional linear attacks, which is an open problem since proposed in Eurocrypt 2011. We also evaluate the difference among the median complexity, the average complexity and a lower bound of the average complexity – the reciprocal of average capacity. In addition, we estimate more accurately the key equivalent hypothesis, and reveal the fact that the average complexity only provides an accurate estimate for less than half of the keys no matter how many linear approximations are involved. Finally, we revisit the so far best attack on PRESENT based on our theoretical result.
Channel bonding for Next Generation Passive Optical Network Stage 2 (NG-PON2) (2017)

Channel bonding is a key endeavor in the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) to increase the peak rate of the Next Generation Passive Optical Network Stage 2 (NG-PON2) system. It manages several parallel wavelength channels in NG-PON2 as a single link. In this paper, we investigate the NG-PON2 layering structure and propose the sublayer changes to support channel bonding. The problem is formulated as an integer non-linear programming (INLP) problem, and is analyzed by using the water filling scheme. Two interleaving heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Evaluation results show that full wavelength channel delivery algorithm provides the lowest jitter, and restricted wavelength channel delivery algorithm with a threshold 3 provides the lowest end-to-end delay by reducing envelope headers.
Uptake and intracellular transportation of a bacterial surface protein in lymphoid cells (2002)

Some strains of the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes express a surface protein called protein H, which is released from the streptococcal surface by a cysteine proteinase produced by the bacteria. Here, we find that soluble protein H binds to the surface of lymphocytes and granulocytes, and that the molecule is taken up by lymphocytes and transported to the perinuclear region. The translocation over the cell membrane is rapid, and the uptake and intracellular transportation is not dependent on actin polymerization. Protein H could be immunoprecipitated from cell extracts and nuclear preparations of lymphocytes, and analysis of molecular interactions between protein H and proteins of different cellular compartments demonstrated a binding to nucleophosmin/ B23, a protein known to shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and to the nuclear proteins SET and hnRNP A2/B1. Nucleophosmin/B23 was co-immunoprecipitated with protein H from cell and nuclear extracts, and binding experiments, including kinetic analyses, suggest that protein H dissociating from nucleophosmin/B23 complexes in the perinuclear region or in the nucleus binds to proteins SET and hnRNP A2/B1. Finally, the uptake and intracellular transportation of protein H was found to result in a cytostatic effect on B and T lymphocytes.
C-terminal motif prediction in eukaryotic proteomes using comparative genomics and statistical over-representation across protein families (2007)

We have successfully generated a high confidence representation of eukaryotic motifs anchored at the C-terminus. A high incidence of true-positives in our results suggests that several previously unidentified tripeptide patterns are strong candidates for representing novel peptide motifs of a widely employed nature in the C-terminal biology of eukaryotes. Our application of comparative genomics, statistical over-representation and the adjustment for protein family homology has generated several hypotheses concerning the C-terminal topology as it pertains to sorting and potential protein interaction signals. This approach to background reduction could be expanded for application to protein motif prediction in the protein interior. A parallel N-terminal analysis is presented as supplementary data.
Cluster of High Powered Racks Within a Raised Floor Computer Data Center: Effect of Perforated Tile Flow Distribution on Rack Inlet Air Temperatures (2003)

This paper focuses on the effect on inlet rack air temperatures as a result of maldistribution of airflows exiting the perforated tiles located adjacent to the fronts of the racks. The flow distribution exiting the perforated tiles was generated from a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool called Tileflow (Trademark of Innovative Research, Inc.). Both raised floor heights and perforated tile free area were varied in order to explore the effect on rack inlet temperatures. The flow distribution exiting the perforated tiles was used as boundary conditions to the above floor CFD model. A CFD model was generated for the room with electronic equipment installed on a raised floor. Fourty racks of data processing (DP) equipment were arranged in rows in a data center cooled by chilled air exhausting from perforated floor tiles. The chilled air was provided by four A/C units placed inside a room 12.1 m wide × 13.4 m long. Since the arrangement of the racks in the data center was symmetric only one-half of the data center was modeled. The numerical modeling for above the raised floor was performed using a commercially available finite control volume computer code called Flotherm (Trademark of Flomerics, Inc.). The flow was modeled using the k-e turbulence model. Results are displayed to provide some guidance on the design and layout of a data center.
Vertically Stacked Full Color Quantum Dots Phototransistor Arrays for High‐Resolution and Enhanced Color‐Selective Imaging (2021)

Color-selective multifunctional and multiplexed photodetectors have attracted considerable interest with the increasing demand for color filter-free optoelectronics which can simultaneously process multispectral signal via minimized system complexity. The low efficiency of color-filter technology and conventional laterally pixelated photodetector array structures often limit opportunities for widespread realization of high-density photodetectors. Here, low-temperature solution-processed vertically stacked full color quantum dot (QD) phototransistor arrays are developed on plastic substrates for high-resolution color-selective photosensor applications. Particularly, the three different-sized/color (RGB) QDs are vertically stacked and pixelated via direct photopatterning using a unique chelating chalcometallate ligand functioning both as solubilizing component and, after photoexposure, a semiconducting cement creating robust, insoluble, and charge-efficient QD layers localized in the a-IGZO transistor region, resulting in efficient wavelength-dependent photo-induced charge transfer. Thus, high-resolution vertically stacked full color QD photodetector arrays are successfully implemented with the density of 5500 devices cm<sup>-2</sup> on ultrathin flexible polymeric substrates with highly photosensitive characteristics such as photoresponsivity (1.1 × 10<sup>4</sup> AW<sup>-1</sup> ) and photodetectivity (1.1 × 10<sup>18</sup> Jones) as well as wide dynamic ranges (>150 dB).
Urokinase-catalysed cleavage of the urokinase receptor requires an intact glycolipid anchor (2001)

Urokinase (uPA) has the striking ability to cleave its receptor, uPAR, thereby inactivating the binding potential of this molecule. Here we demonstrate that the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of uPAR, which is attached to the third domain, is an important determinant in governing this reaction, even though the actual cleavage occurs between the first and second domains. Purified full-length GPI-anchored uPAR (GPI-uPAR) proved much more susceptible to uPA-mediated cleavage than recombinant truncated soluble uPAR (suPAR), which lacks the glycolipid anchor. This was not a general difference in proteolytic susceptibility since GPI-uPAR and suPAR were cleaved with equal efficiency by plasmin. Since the amino acid sequences of GPI-uPAR and suPAR are identical except for the C-terminal truncation, the different cleavage patterns suggest that the two uPAR variants differ in the conformation or the flexibility of the linker region between domains 1 and 2. This was supported by the fact that an antibody to the peptide AVTYSRSRYLE, amino acids 84–94 in the linker region, recognizes GPI-uPAR but not suPAR. This difference in the linker region is thus caused by a difference in a remote hydrophobic region. In accordance with this model, when the hydrophobic lipid moiety was removed from the glycolipid anchor by phospholipase C, low concentrations of uPA could no longer cleave the modified GPI-uPAR and the reactivity to the peptide antibody was greatly decreased. Naturally occurring suPAR, purified from plasma, was found to have a similar resistance to uPA cleavage as phospholipase C-treated GPI-uPAR and recombinant suPAR.
Attosecond 의 극소 잡음을 갖는 harmonic modelock 반도체 레이저 (2007)

본 연구에서는slab coupled optical waveguide amplifier (SCOWA)를 이용한 active modelock 레이저를 가지고 출력 펄스의 1Hz 에서 1 MHz 까지 timing jitter 잡음이 400 attosecond 이고 Nyquist 진동수까지는 7.5 femtosecond 임을 보고한다.
Light‐Emitting Diodes: Record High External Quantum Efficiency of 19.2% Achieved in Light‐Emitting Diodes of Colloidal Quantum Wells Enabled by Hot‐Injection Shell Growth (Adv. Mater. 8/2020) (2020)

In article number 1905824, Evren Mutlugun, Hilmi Volkan Demir, and co-workers report light-emitting diodes (LEDs) made from colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) that reach record external quantum efficiencies close to the theoretical limit (≈20%) in the case of light extraction from planar surfaces, matching the performance levels of other soft-materials such as colloidal quantum dots (CQDs). These results usher in a new candidate for solution-processed nanocrystal LED technology toward commercial applications in high-quality displays and lighting.
Coupled two-way clustering server (2003)

The site has a link to an example which provides figures and detailed explanations
Recent developments in III–V semiconducting nanowires for high-performance photodetectors (2016)

We present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in III–V NW-based photodetectors operating in the UV, visible and infrared spectra range.
Titanium for long-term tritium storage (1994)

Due to the reduction of nuclear weapon stockpile, there will be an excess of tritium returned from the field. The excess tritium needs to be stored for future use, which might be several years away. A safe and cost effective means for long term storage of tritium is needed. Storing tritium in a solid metal tritide is preferred to storing tritium as a gas, because a metal tritide can store tritium in a compact form and the stored tritium will not be released until heat is applied to increase its temperature to several hundred degrees centigrade. Storing tritium as a tritide is safer and more cost effective than as a gas. Several candidate metal hydride materials have been evaluated for long term tritium storage. They include uranium, La-Ni-Al alloys, zirconium and titanium. The criteria used include material cost, radioactivity, stability to air, storage capacity, storage pressure, loading and unloading conditions, and helium retention. Titanium has the best combination of properties and is recommended for long term tritium storage.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Dual HER2/PIK3CA Targeting Overcomes Single-Agent Acquired Resistance in HER2-Amplified Uterine Serous Carcinoma Cell Lines <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect on pS6 in uterine serous carcinoma cells lines after exposure to neratinib, taselisib and the combination of both at the indicated concentration in a representative FISH+\PIK3CA mutated USC cell line (USPC-ARK-1) and in a representative FISH+\PIK3CA wild type USC cell line (USPC-ARK-2). A: Graph showing a statistically significant difference in the reduction of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of pS6 in PIK3CA mutated/FISH+ cell line (USPC-ARK-1) after 24 hrs of treatment with taselisib, neratinib and the combination of both (*P=0.03, **P=0.03, ***P=0.0001). B: Graph showing a statistically significant difference in the reduction of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of pS6 in PIK3CA wild type/FISH+ cell line (USPC-ARK-2) after 24 hrs of treatment with taselisib, neratinib and the combination of both (*P=0.01, **P=0.002).&lt;/p&gt;
An Analytic Volterra-Series-Based Model for a (2003)

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) com- ponents are gradually finding their way in communication applications. To fully understand their behavior in electrical circuits, an interpretable model is required that, in addition, can be simulated efficiently. This paper presents a model for a MEMS variable capacitor (varicap), that can be evaluated much more efficiently and equally accurate during circuit simulation than the differential equations that are normally used to describe this component. The model, based on Volterra series, describes the frequency dependence (e.g., the mechanical resonance) in combination with the nonlinear behavior of the MEMS varicap. The model is simple enough such that it can be interpreted by de- signers who want to use the MEMS varicap in RF communication circuits.
Flicker Light–Induced Retinal Vasodilation in Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy (2009)

Reduced retinal vasodilation after flicker light stimulation is independently associated with diabetes status and, in individuals with diabetes, with diabetic retinopathy. Our findings may therefore support endothelial dysfunction as a pathophysiological mechanism underlying diabetes and its microvascular manifestations.
Improving reporting of adverse events and adverse drug reactions following injections of Chinese materia medica (2010)

The current reporting format of ADR/AE in clinical CM injections is not standardized. Much fundamental information of ADR/AE following CM injection is therefore missing. A standard reporting format for ADR should be developed, and should include the following: (1) a title mentioning adverse effects and safety; (2) a structured abstract including adequate information about the patient and the disease treated, the drug used, the specific ADR/AE, physician response to the ADR/AE, and result of management; (3) demographic characteristic of the patients (gender, age, etc.); (4) clinical characteristics of patients (disease, syndrome, etc); (5) allergic history of patients; (6) diagnosis and syndrome based on Chinese medicine theory; (7) detailed information about the CM intervention (the manufacturer of the drug, series number, valid dates, dosage, route of administration, menstruum, dripping speed, etc.); (8) concomitant drug use; (9) time and symptoms of ADR/AE; (10) type and grading of ADR/AE; (11) physiological systems affected by ADR/AE; (12) specific treatment and prognosis for ADR/AE; (13) evidence of the cause and effect of ADR/AE; and (14) any other possibility of ADR/AE. Also, a ADR/AE registration system should be established.
Design and Performance Analysis of ISDN Switching Systems for Frame Relay Service (1996)

Typical integrated service digital network(ISDN) switching systems have several shortcomings including cumulated long call set-up delay and difficulty in higher speed packet communication. The problems come from the nature of X.25 packet swiching technique used in the systems. In this thesis, to solve the above problems, the use of frame relay service within the TDX-10 ISDN switching system is proposed and a frame handling susbsystem(FHS) is designed in order to support the high speed frame relay service in the TDX-10 switching systems. In the proposed TDX-10 architecture, the 64 Kbps packet communication can be executed more ef- ficiently and high speed packet communication is allowed. To measure theperformance characteristics of the proposed systemand to compare the performance with that of the proposed system is superior to that of the existion system and to compare the performance with that of the proposed system is superior to that of the existing system. The proposed switching system offers a seamless evolutionalry path from Narrowband-ISDNto Broadband-ISDNsince itallows anefficient channelutilization and speed packet communication.
Far-Field Diversion Technology to Prevent Fracture Hits in Tightly Spaced Horizontal Wells (2018)

Abstract More than 60% of US land wells drilled in 2017 are infill wells. Fracturing in such wells is likely to cause fracture hits on adjacent wells, which may have a negative impact on the infill and nearby existing well production. A new technology has been developed to control the geometry of the fracture, which reduces significantly the fracture hit rate and increases production in the child (infill) and parent wells. Traditional methods for controlling the geometry of hydraulic fractures include adjusting pad and proppant volumes and fluid viscosity. The proposed technology uses an alternative approach, delivering a multimodal particulate diversion mix with the proppant. The job is designed so that the diversion mix bridges and accumulates at the fracture tip, thus confining the fracture perimeter and controlling fracture length growth. The proposed technology has been field tested in 11 wells (219 stages) in the Eagle Ford shale. The results showed high efficiency of fracture hit prevention (84% of stages free of fracture hits) and increased production in the child and parent wells. The technology showed high operational reliability, (no premature screenouts) and was proven to be cost effective and robust. Laboratory experiments were conducted to tailor the permeability of the diversion blend. Because the diversion blend contains very small particulates, a wellsite delivery method was developed to prepare the blend and deliver it safely. Guidelines for the diverting pill pumping schedule were developed to optimize fracture hit prevention. The developed technology demonstrates that the complicated process of fracture growth geometry correction can be performed with intelligent engineering design including a far-field diversion pill.
Compressed Fourier-Domain Convolutional Beamforming for Wireless\n Ultrasound imaging (2020)

Wireless ultrasound (US) systems that produce high-quality images can improve\ncurrent clinical diagnosis capabilities by making the imaging process much more\nefficient, affordable, and accessible to users. The most common technique for\ngenerating B-mode US images is delay and sum (DAS) beamforming, where an\nappropriate delay is introduced to signals sampled and processed at each\ntransducer element. However, sampling rates that are much higher than the\nNyquist rate of the signal are required for high resolution DAS beamforming,\nleading to large amounts of data, making transmission of channel data over WIFI\nimpractical. Moreover, the production of US images that exhibit high resolution\nand good image contrast requires a large set of transducers which further\nincreases the data size. Previous works suggest methods for reduction in\nsampling rate and in array size. In this work, we introduce compressed Fourier\ndomain convolutional beamforming, combining Fourier domain beamforming, sparse\nconvolutional beamforming, and compressed sensing methods. This allows reducing\nboth the number of array elements and the sampling rate in each element, while\nachieving high resolution images. Using in vivo data we demonstrate that the\nproposed method can generate B-mode images using 142 times less data than DAS.\nOur results pave the way towards wireless US and demonstrate that high\nresolution US images can be produced using sub-Nyquist sampling and a small\nnumber of receiving channels.\n
A Bayesian approach to the stereo correspondence problem (1993)

In this thesis we present a method for reconstructing the three-dimensional scene geometry (i.e. depth, surface orientation, discontinuities in depth, and surface creases) from a pair of stereo images. We start by developing a treatment of the half-occluded regions--regions in a stereo pair representing points in space visible to only one of the two cameras or eyes. Previous approaches to stereo either ignored these unmatchable points or attempted to eliminate them in a second pass. Our algorithm incorporates them from the start as a strong clue to determining depth discontinuities.
For our algorithm, we develop an energy functional as a Bayesian maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator of the quantities in the scene geometry. We focus primarily on the derivation of the prior, showing there is a sizable class of energy functionals that implicitly assumes prior models that are constructed from the sums of Brownian motion processes and compound Poisson processes. We argue that the prior assumptions which produce this class of energy functionals accurately model the scene geometry for stereo images.
In addition, we develop a Bayesian feedback method for incorporating global interaction into our prior model. Since most stereo scenes contain either background continuation (large background surfaces continuing behind smaller foreground surfaces) or transparency continuation (small opaque patches on a transparent surface), highly non-local interactions are often present in the scene geometry. The local prior models developed in the middle stage of this thesis are unable to capture the probabilistic subtleties of global 3-D structures. Therefore, we develop a hybridized prior which balances the local properties of the scene geometry with the global properties.
Finally, we present experimental results demonstrating the effectiveness of these approaches.