gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Imaging Materials:  Synthesis and Characterization of Poly[N,N-dimethyl-N-(p-benzoylbenzyl)-N-(2-methacryloylethyl)ammonium triphenylbutylborate] as a Single-Component Photoimaging System (1997)

New polymeric materials based on N,N,N-trialkyl-N-(p-benzoylbenzyl)ammonium triphenylbutylborate have been synthesized and characterized. Model compounds provide spectroscopic evidence that these polymers are capable of forming free tertiary amines upon irradiation at 365 nm. Photochemical generation of base is much enhanced when triphenylbutylborate is used as the electron donor. Using this concept, the synthesized polymers have been utilized for imaging in a single-component system. Positive-tone images can be achieved by washing the polymeric film produced upon exposure to light with aqueous acidic solution and ethanol.
Interconnected, microporous hollow fibers for tissue engineering: Commercially relevant, industry standard scale‐up manufacturing (2013)

Abstract Significant progress has been achieved in the field of tissue engineering to create functional tissue using biomimetic three‐dimensional scaffolds that support cell growth, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production. However, many of these constructs are severely limited by poor nutrient diffusion throughout the tissue‐engineered construct, resulting in cell death and tissue necrosis at the core. Nutrient transport can be improved by creation and use of scaffolds with hollow and microporous fibers, significantly improving permeability and nutrient diffusion. The purpose of this review is to highlight current technological advances in the fabrication of hollow fibers with interconnected pores throughout the fiber walls, with specific emphasis on developing hollow porous nonwoven fabrics for use as tissue engineering constructs via industry standard processing technologies: Spunbond processing and polymer melt extrusion. We outline current methodologies to create hollow and microporous scaffolds with the aim of translating that knowledge to the production of such fibers into nonwoven tissue engineering scaffolds via spunbond technology, a commercially relevant and viable melt extrusion manufacturing approach that allows for facile scale‐up. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 3311–3323, 2014.
Evaluation of ellipsometric porosimetry for in‐line characterization of ultra low‐κ dielectrics (2008)

Abstract Ellipsometric porosimetry (EP) has recently appeared to be a suitable non‐destructive technique for the characterization of porous ultra low‐κ (ULK) dielectrics. The analysis of ellipsometric spectra of a film during adsorption and desorption cycles of an adsorptive, allows the determination of its open pore fraction, pore size distribution, refractive index and thickness. Several issues are encountered when integrating low‐κ materials as inter‐metal dielectrics (IMD) in the CMOS architecture such as the deposition monitoring, the pore sealing efficiency and the process induced damages. In this study we focus on the capabilities of EP to characterize ULK materials and their integration processes. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adaptive echo cancellation using least mean mixed-norm algorithm (1997)

A novel algorithm for echo cancellation is presented in this work. The algorithm consists of simultaneously applying the least mean square (LMS) algorithm to the near-end section of the echo canceller and the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm to the far-end section. This new scheme results in a substantial performance improvement over the LMS algorithm and other algorithms.
High-performance Silicon-On-Glass VDMOS Transistor for RF-Power Applications (2002)

A complete analysis of DC and RF performance of a novel SOI vertical DMOS transistor on glass and a conventional LDMOS transistor for RF power applications is presented. The analysis is based on MEDICI device simulations and the ”Smoothie” database model for FET devices. An SOI VDMOST on glass with a breakdown of 115V, a specific on-resistance RONSP of 3mΩcm 2 ,a n fTmax of 7.4 GHz at VDS=26V and a saturation current of 1.25·10 �4 A/µ ma t VDS=10V is demonstrated. A device with 1mm long gate has PAE of 43% and power gain of 18.5 dB with 1dB compression point at POUT=26dBm. Since this SOI VDMOS device shows better linearity and higher power gain compared to conventional LDMOST, it would be the device of choice for RF power applications. Moreover, silicon-on-glass technology offers integration with high quality passives and the possibility to electroplate copper heat sinks only a few microns away from the active device area. Both features are very important for development of integrated power amplifiers.
The Importance of Iminium Geometry Control in Enamine Catalysis: Identification of a New Catalyst Architecture for Aldehyde–Aldehyde Couplings (2004)

Zentral für das Design eines neuen Organokatalysators für Aldehyd-Aldehyd-Aldolreaktionen ist die Notwendigkeit, die Iminiumgeometrie während der Enaminaddition zu steuern (siehe Schema). Die Strukturen von Aldoldonor und -acceptor können deutlich verändert werden, ohne dass die Effizienz und Enantioselektivität der Reaktion darunter leiden. TFA=Trifluoressigsäure.
DISC1 complexes with TRAK1 and Miro1 to modulate anterograde axonal mitochondrial trafficking (2013)

Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a candidate risk factor for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and severe recurrent depression. Here, we demonstrate that DISC1 associates robustly with trafficking-protein-Kinesin-binding-1 which is, in turn, known to interact with the outer mitochondrial membrane proteins Miro1/2, linking mitochondria to the kinesin motor for microtubule-based subcellular trafficking. DISC1 also associates with Miro1 and is thus a component of functional mitochondrial transport complexes. Consistent with these observations, in neuronal axons DISC1 promotes specifically anterograde mitochondrial transport. DISC1 thus participates directly in mitochondrial trafficking, which is essential for neural development and neurotransmission. Any factor affecting mitochondrial DISC1 function is hence likely to have deleterious consequences for the brain, potentially contributing to increased risk of psychiatric illness. Intriguingly, therefore, a rare putatively causal human DISC1 sequence variant, 37W, impairs the ability of DISC1 to promote anterograde mitochondrial transport. This is likely related to a number of mitochondrial abnormalities induced by expression of DISC1-37W, which redistributes mitochondrial DISC1 and enhances kinesin mitochondrial association, while also altering protein interactions within the mitochondrial transport complex.
Multiple lineages of Monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021- 2022 (2022)

Abstract Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa. In May 2022, dozens of non-endemic countries reported hundreds of monkeypox cases, most with no epidemiological link to Africa. We identified two lineages of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) among nine 2021 and 2022 U.S. monkeypox cases. A 2021 case was highly similar to the 2022 MPXV outbreak variant, suggesting a common ancestor. Analysis of mutations among these two lineages revealed an extreme preference for GA-to-AA mutations indicative of APOBEC3 cytosine deaminase activity that was shared among West African MPXV since 2017 but absent from Congo Basin lineages. Poxviruses are not thought to be subject to APOBEC3 editing; however, these findings suggest APOBEC3 activity has been recurrent and dominant in recent West African MPXV evolution.
Lithography till the end of Moore's law (2012)

Soon after the realization of Moore's law, the suspicion on this law reaching an end persisted. Now, the concern is as serious as it can get. Not only the feature size has to be scaled down, the manufacturing cost also has to be contained. This presentation covers the lithography tools and processes to sustain Moore's law of scaling and Moore's law of economy. It includes the three viable candidates to push lithography beyond the 20nm logic node. (1) Extension of immersion lithography beyond the optical resolution limit by multiple patterning. (2) Reduction of the ArF immersion wavelength by an order of magnitude to the 13.5 nm EUV wavelength. (3) Use of massive parallelism on e-beam direct write.
Nanocrystals: A perspective on translational research and clinical studies (2018)

Poorly soluble small molecules typically pose translational hurdles owing to their low solubility, low bioavailability, and formulation challenges. Nanocrystallization is a versatile method for salvaging poorly soluble drugs with the added benefit of a carrier-free delivery system. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of nanocrystals with emphasis on their clinical translation. Additionally, the review sheds light on clinically approved nanocrystal drug products as well as those in development.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND MOLECULAR AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BIS(BORANE)CYCLENPHOSPHORANE. FIRST STABLE COMPOUND WITH A BIPYRAMIDALLY SURROUNDED ELEMENT HAVING TWO QUATERNIZED APICAL NITROGEN ATOMS (1985)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (II) entsteht durch die aufgezeichnete l?‐molare Umsetzung.
On the Mechanism of the Initiation Reaction in Grubbs–Hoveyda Complexes (2011)

Grubbs-Hoveyda-type complexes with variable 4-R (complexes 1: 4-R = NEt(2), OiPr, H, F, NO(2)) and 5-R substituents (complexes 2: 5-R = NEt(2), OiPr, Me, F, NO(2)) at the 2-isopropoxy benzylidene ether ligand and with variable 4-R substituents (complexes 3: 4-R = H, NO(2)) at the 2-methoxy benzylidene ether ligand were synthesized and the respective Ru(II/III) redox potentials (ranging from ΔE = +0.46 to +1.04 V), and UV-vis spectra recorded. The initiation kinetics of complexes 1-3 with the olefins diethyl diallyl malonate (DEDAM), butyl vinyl ether (BuVE), 1-hexene, styrene, and 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene were investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy. Electron-withdrawing groups at the benzylidene ether ligands were found to increase the initiation rates, while electron-donating groups lead to slower precatalyst activation; accordingly with DEDAM, the complex 1(NO(2)) initiates almost 100 times faster than 1(NEt(2)). The 4-R substituents (para to the benzylidene carbon) were found to have a stronger influence on physical and kinetic properties of complexes 1 and 2 than that of 5-R groups para to the ether oxygen. The DEDAM-induced initiation reactions of complexes 1 and 2 are classified as two-step reactions with an element of reversibility. The hyperbolic fit of the k(obs) vs [DEDAM] plots is interpreted according to a dissociative mechanism (D). Kinetic studies employing BuVE showed that the initiation reactions simultaneously follow two different mechanistic pathways, since the k(obs) vs [olefin] plots are best fitted to k(obs) = k(D)·k(4)/k(-D)·[olefin]/(1 + k(4)/k(-D)·[olefin]) + k(I)·[olefin]. The k(I)·[olefin] term dominates the initiation behavior of the sterically less demanding complexes 3 and was shown to correspond to an interchange mechanism with associative mode of activation (I(a)), leading to very fast precatalyst activation at high olefin concentrations. Equilibrium and rate constants for the reactions of complexes 1-3 with the bulky PCy(3) were determined. In general, sterically demanding olefins (DEDAM, styrene) and Grubbs-Hoveyda type complexes 1 and 2 preferentially initiate according to the dissociative pathway; for the less bulky olefins (BuVE, 1-hexene) and complexes 1 and 2 both D and I(a) are important. Activation parameters for BuVE reactions and complexes 1(NEt(2)), 1(H), and 1(NO(2)) were determined, and ΔS(‡) was found to be negative (ΔS(‡) = -113 to -167 J·K(-1)·mol(-1)) providing additional support for the I(a) catalyst activation.
Partially Spoiled Dual Echo Steady State Acquisitions (PDESS) (2009)

The anti-VEGF (vascular endotholelial growth factor) antibody, bevacizumab, is in clinical testing for the treatment of gliomas with promising results. However, it is quickly becoming apparent that evaluation of response, using standard measures such as enhancing tumor volume or the extent of T2-weighted abnormalities on MRI, are often unreliable. In this study of recurrent high-grade glioma patients, treated with bevacizumab plus irinotecan, we demonstrate that DSC-derived measures of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) while similar to standard MRI for predicting response are much more reliable, early predictors of treatment failure and disease progression compared to standard MRI methods of evaluation.
Multiple endocrine neoplasias: advances and challenges for the future (2009)

Several important advances have been made over the last 2 years, since the last international workshop on multiple endocrine neoplasias (MENs) that was held in Marseilles, France (MEN2006). The series of articles that are included in this issue summarize the most important of these advances as they were presented in Delphi, Greece, during the 11th International Workshop on MENs, September 25-27, 2008 (MEN2008). This editorial summarizes some of these advances: the identification of the AIP, and the PDE11A and PDE8B genes by genome-wide association (GWA) studies as predisposing genes for pituitary and adrenal tumours, respectively, the discovery of p27 mutations in a new form of MEN similar to MEN type 1 (MEN 1) that is now known as MEN 4, the molecular investigations of Carney triad (CT), a disorder that associates paragangliomas (PGLs), gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GISTs), and pulmonary chondromas (PCH) with pheochromocytomas and adrenocortical adenomas and other lesions, and the molecular elucidation of the association of GISTs with paragangliomas (Carney-Stratakis syndrome) that is now known to be because of SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD mutations. Molecular investigations in Carney complex (another MEN also described by Dr. Carney, who during the meeting, along with Dr. Charles E. ('Gene') Jackson was honoured for his life-long and many contributions to the field) have also revealed the role of cyclic AMP signalling in tumorigenesis. As our knowledge of the molecular causes of MENs increases, the challenge is to translate these discoveries in better treatments for our patients. Indeed, new advances in the preventive diagnosis and molecular treatment of MEN 1 and MEN 2, respectively, continued unabated, and an update on this front was also presented at MEN2008 and is included in this issue.
Supplementary figures and legends from AXL Inhibitor TP-0903 Reduces Metastasis and Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures show the efficacy of TP-0903 and its effects on tumor infiltrating immune cells and EMT markers expression.&lt;/p&gt;
Improvement in the synthesis of oligonucleotides of extended length by modification of detritylation step (1994)

Journal Article Improvement in the synthesis of oligonucleotides of extended length by modification of detritylation step Get access Ivan Habus, Ivan Habus Hybridon, Inc.One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sudhir Agrawal Sudhir Agrawal * Hybridon, Inc.One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 22, Issue 20, 11 October 1994, Pages 4350–4351, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/22.20.4350 Published: 11 October 1994 Article history Received: 06 July 1994 Accepted: 25 August 1994 Published: 11 October 1994
Statistical properties of contact maps (1999)

A contact map is a simple representation of the structure of proteins and other chainlike macromolecules. This representation is quite amenable to numerical studies of folding. We show that the number of contact maps corresponding to the possible configurations of a polypeptide chain of N amino acids, represented by $(N\ensuremath{-}1)$-step self-avoiding walks on a lattice, grows exponentially with N for all dimensions $D&gt;1.$ We carry out exact enumerations in $D=2$ on the square and triangular lattices for walks of up to 20 steps and investigate various statistical properties of contact maps corresponding to such walks.. We also study the exact statistics of contact maps generated by walks on a ladder.
MIMO OFDM with ST Coding and Beamforming Adapted to Partial CSI (2003)

We study adaptive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) space-time (ST) OFDM transmissions capable of adapting to partial channel state information (CSI) that is available at the transmitter. Our proposed transmitter includes an outer stage (adaptive modulation), and an inner stage (adaptive beamforming) . Specifically, the inner stage switches between a onedimensional (1D) and a balanced two-dimensional (B2D) coderbeamformer, whereas the outer stage carries out joint power and bit loading across OFDM subcarriers. The adaptive transmitter based on 1D/B2D beamformer switching performs close to its counterpart based on a general 2D beamformer structure, while obviating the need for numerical search when carrying out the power splitting between two basis beams.
Biological characterization of ligands targeting the human CC chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) reveals the biased signaling properties of small molecule agonists (2021)

The human CC chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) is a promising drug target for cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disease. Besides human and viral chemokines, previous studies revealed diverse classes of CCR8-targeting small molecules. We characterized a selection of these CCR8 ligands (hCCL1, vCCL1, ZK756326, AZ6; CCR8 agonists and a naphthalene-sulfonamide-based CCR8 antagonist), in in vitro cell-based assays (hCCL1<sup>AF647</sup> binding, calcium mobilization, cellular impedance, cell migration, β-arrestin 1/2 recruitment), and used pharmacological tools to determine G protein-dependent and -independent signaling pathways elicited by these ligands. Our data reveal differences in CCR8-mediated signaling induced by chemokines versus small molecules, which was most pronounced in cell migration studies. Human CCL1 most efficiently induced cell migration whereby Gβγ signaling was indispensable. In contrast, Gβγ signaling did not contribute to cell migration induced by other CCR8 ligands (vCCL1, ZK756326, AZ6). Although all tested CCR8 agonists were full agonists for calcium mobilization, a significant contribution for Gβγ signaling herein was only apparent for human and viral CCL1. Despite both Gα<sub>i</sub>- and Gα<sub>q</sub>-signaling regulate intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-release, cellular impedance experiments showed that CCR8 agonists predominantly induce Gα<sub>i</sub>-dependent signaling. Finally, small molecule agonists displayed higher efficacy in β-arrestin 1 recruitment, which occurred independently of Gα<sub>i</sub> signaling. Also in this latter assay, only hCCL1-induced activity was dependent on Gβγ-signaling. Our study provides insight into CCR8 signaling and function and demonstrates differential CCR8 activation by different classes of ligands. This reflects the ability of CCR8 small molecules to evoke different subsets of the receptor's signaling repertoire, which categorizes them as biased agonists.
The Proton and Electron Aurora as Seen by Image-FUV and FAST (2000)

editorial reviewed
Indocyanine green-loaded injectable alginate hydrogel as a marker for precision cancer surgery (2020)

This alginate hydrogel system may be potentially useful as an effective surgical marker in terms of accuracy and persistence for laparoscopic operation.
Comparison of secretome from osteoblasts derived from sclerotic versus non-sclerotic subchondral bone in OA: A pilot study (2018)

We highlighted some proteins differentially secreted by the osteoblasts coming from OA subchondral bone sclerosis. These changes contribute to explain some features observed in OA subchondral bone, like the increase of bone remodeling or abnormalities in bone matrix mineralization. Among identified proteins, osteomodulin was found decreased and fibulin-3 increased in serum of OA patients. These findings suggest that osteomodulin and fibulin-3 fragments could be biomarkers to monitor early changes in subchondral bone metabolism in OA.
Cre-mediated autoexision of selectable marker genes in soybean, cotton, canola and maize transgenic plants (2022)

Abstract Selectable marker genes are often required for efficient generation of transgenic plants in tissue culture transformation systems but are not desired once the transgenic events are obtained. We have developed Cre/ loxP autoexcision systems to remove selectable marker genes in soybean, cotton, canola and maize. We tested a set of vectors with diverse promoters and identified promising promoters to drive cre expression for each of the four crops. We evaluated both the efficiency of generating primary transgenic events with low transgene copy numbers, and the frequency of marker-free progeny in the next generation. The best performing vectors gave no obvious decrease in the transformation frequency in each crop and generated homozygous marker-free progeny in the next generation. We found that effective expression of Cre recombinase for marker gene autoexcision can be species dependent. Among the vectors tested, the best autoexcision frequency (41%) in soybean transformation came from using the soybean RSP1 promoter for cre expression. The cre gene expressed by soybean RSP1 promoter with an Arabidopsis AtpE intron delivered the best autoexcision frequency (69%) in cotton transformation. The cre gene expressed by the embryo specific eUSP88 promoter from Vicia faba conferred the best marker excision frequency (32%) in canola transformation. Finally, the cre gene expressed by the rice CDC45-1 promoter resulted in 44% autoexcision in maize transformation. The Cre/ loxP recombinase system enables the generation of selectable marker-free transgenic plants for commercial product development in four agriculturally important crops and provides further improvement opportunities for more specific and better marker excision efficiency.
Postoperative Hypoxia and Length of Intensive Care Unit Stay after Cardiac Surgery: The Underweight Paradox? (2014)

Obese patients are at higher risk for postoperative hypoxia, but this leads to a prolonged intensive care unit stay only for moderate-morbid obese patients. Obese patients are partially protected against the deleterious effects of hemodilution and transfusions. Underweight patients present the "paradox" of a better lung gas exchange but a longer intensive care unit stay. This is probably due to a higher severity of their cardiac disease.
Prolongation of Cardiac and Islet Allograft Survival by a Blocking Hamster Anti-Mouse CXCR3 Monoclonal Antibody (2008)

These data highlight the utility of CXCR3-173 mAb in developing immunotherapeutic approaches to inhibit transplant rejection and potentially other immune-mediated diseases in murine models.
Genome Sequence of Christensenella minuta DSM 22607 T (2017)

Obesity influences and is influenced by the human gut microbiome. Here, we present the genome of Christensenella minuta, a highly heritable bacterial species which has been found to be strongly associated with obesity through an unknown biological mechanism. This novel genome provides a valuable resource for future obesity therapeutic studies.