gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactive Adsorption of Sulfur Compounds on Transition Metal Polycation‐Exchanged Zeolites for Desulfurization of Hydrocarbon Streams (2017)

Abstract The reactive adsorption of sulfur‐contaminated compounds over transition metal (TrM) polycation‐exchanged zeolites is a very efficient method for the desulfurization of hydrocarbon processing streams. The process consists of the physical adsorption of thiols, sulfides, and disulfides and the catalytic oxidation of the adsorbed substances. The reaction does not require the participation of free oxygen; diffuse‐reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies confirmed that the thiol oxidation proceeds through the direct involvement of TrM polycation superoxides. All of the studied zeolite X, zeolite Y, and mordenite materials containing Zn, Mn, Cu, and Cd polycations show remarkable activity for the oxidation of sulfur compounds; this results in a significant increase of the total pick‐up from gas and liquid hydrocarbons. The thermal regeneration of the adsorbent–catalysts under oxidizing conditions leads to the complete restoration of their original activities and capacities for the removal of sulfur compounds. Suitable operating conditions for the regeneration process are disclosed. The study also demonstrates favorable properties of the suggested adsorbent–catalysts for use in commercially important applications such as the desulfurization of natural gas and liquid hydrocarbons.
PipeArch (2020)

Data processing systems based on FPGAs offer high performance and energy efficiency for a variety of applications. However, these advantages are achieved through highly specialized designs. The high degree of specialization leads to accelerators with narrow functionality and designs adhering to a rigid execution flow. For multi-tenant systems this limits the scope of applicability of FPGA-based accelerators, because, first, supporting a single operation is unlikely to have any significant impact on the overall performance of the system, and, second, serving multiple users satisfactorily is difficult due to simplistic scheduling policies enforced when using the accelerator. Standard operating system and database management system features that would help address these limitations, such as context-switching, preemptive scheduling, and thread migration are practically non-existent in current FPGA accelerator efforts. In this work, we propose PipeArch, an open-source project 1 for developing FPGA-based accelerators that combine the high efficiency of specialized hardware designs with the generality and functionality known from conventional CPU threads. PipeArch provides programmability and extensibility in the accelerator without losing the advantages of SIMD-parallelism and deep pipelining. PipeArch supports context-switching and thread migration, thereby enabling for the first time new capabilities such as preemptive scheduling in FPGA accelerators within a high-performance data processing setting. We have used PipeArch to implement a variety of machine learning methods for generalized linear model training and recommender systems showing empirically their advantages over a high-end CPU and even over fully specialized FPGA designs.
Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Assist for Cardiogenic Shock After Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1973)

Intra-aortic balloon pump assist (IABP) was applied to 26 patients who could not be with-drawn from total cardiopulmonary bypass (CB) subsequent to elective surgery for multiple cardiac procedures. Eighty-eight per cent were able to separate from CB with IABP and were assisted for 36 to 168 hours. Seventeen were withdrawn from the balloon. Eleven (42%) are hospital survivors. Ten (38%) are alive at the time of this report. IABP was most effective when applied early to patients who had recognizable acute ischemic injury to the myocardium at the time of operation and/or presence of hypertrophied left ventricular myocardium with small chamber volume. Support in these conditions gave 50% survival. Poorest results were in patients with either extensive acute infarction or severe chronic irreversible myocardial damage.
Selektive Aktivierung einer CH-Bindung in Ethan durch photoangeregte Cu-Atome (2006)

Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 369. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198203690
Test plan for the field evaluation and demonstration of the Contamination Control Unit (1993)

This report describes test details of a full demonstration of the Contamination Control Unit (CCU). The CCU is a mobile trailer capable of employing the use of soil fixatives, dust suppression agents, misting, and vacuum systems. These systems can perform a large number of contamination control functions to support the Office of Waste Technology Development (OTD) Buried Waste Integrated Demonstration (BWID) projects, transuranic (TRU) waste retrieval operations, and emergency response for hazardous and radioactive materials incidents. The demonstration will include both performance testing at the North Holmes Laboratory Facility (NHLF) and field testing in conjunction with the Remote Excavation System Demonstration at the Cold Test Pit. The NHLF will test operational parameters using water only, and the field demonstration at the Cold Test Pit involves full scale operation of vacuum, fixant, misting, and dust suppression systems. Test objectives, detailed experimental procedures, and data quality objectives necessary to perform the field demonstration are included in this test plan.
Plasma Copeptin in Preterm Infants: A Highly Sensitive Marker of Fetal and Neonatal Stress (2011)

Copeptin is a highly sensitive marker of perinatal stress.
Benchmark 2 - Springback of a draw / re-draw panel: Part C: Benchmark analysis (2013)

Benchmark analysis is summarized for DP600 and AA 5182-O. Nine simulation results submitted for this benchmark study are compared to the physical measurement results. The details on the codes, friction parameters, mesh technology, CPU, and material models are also summarized at the end of this report with the participant information details.
Chromosome-level genome assemblies expanded capabilities of conservation biology (2020)

Conservation biology aims to keep and restore biodiversity on genetic, species and ecosystem levels, prevent species extinction and protect their habitats. One of the important aspects of a conservation is genetic diversity assessed within endangered populations or species. Reduction in sequencing costs facilitated estimation of the genetic diversity in multiple individuals on the whole genome level even with a very limited budget. However, whole genome approach requires generation of reference genome assembly of suitable quality first. Current trend is to use chromosome-level assemblies offering a set of useful advantages. 
We compared genetic diversity in endangered species (cheetah, sea otter and others) for both old highly fragmented and recently generated chromosome-level assemblies. New contiguous assemblies allowed to calculate more precisely broadly used indicators of genetic diversity such as length and number of ROHs (runs of homozygosity) and visualize regions of low heterozygosity in the genome. In addition, we located known microsatellite loci previously used in STR-fingerprinting on chromosomes to understand diversity of what regions were estimated in previous diversity studies.
 Chromosome level genome assemblies provide better estimates of genetic diversity, better understanding for results of previous studies and new possibilities for visualization of results. Another new opportunity is the simple and cheap procedure for development of comprehensive STR-arrays or microarrays with known localization of each locus to use it for diversity estimates in multiple (hundreds and thousands) individuals and in low quality samples.
Criticality without Frustration for Quantum Spin-1 Chains (2012)

Frustration-free (FF) spin chains have a property that their ground state minimizes all individual terms in the chain Hamiltonian. We ask how entangled the ground state of a FF quantum spin-s chain with nearest-neighbor interactions can be for small values of s. While FF spin-1/2 chains are known to have unentangled ground states, the case s=1 remains less explored. We propose the first example of a FF translation-invariant spin-1 chain that has a unique highly entangled ground state and exhibits some signatures of a critical behavior. The ground state can be viewed as the uniform superposition of balanced strings of left and right brackets separated by empty spaces. Entanglement entropy of one half of the chain scales as 1/2 log n+O(1), where n is the number of spins. We prove that the energy gap above the ground state is polynomial in 1/n. The proof relies on a new result concerning statistics of Dyck paths which might be of independent interest.
193 nm resists and lithography (1994)

Abstract A review of recent efforts to develop photoresist materials and processes for 193 nm (ArF excimer laser) photolithography is reported. Three categories of resist processes are discussed: (1) conventional single layer, (2) bilayer and (3) surface‐imaged resist processes. To date, materials have been developed for each process which exhibit resolution to less than 0.25 μm with sensitivities of less than 50 mJ/cm 2 .
Pediatric Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty (2000)

The first pyeloplasty was performed in 1891, and several techniques have been developed in the ensuing century. Today, some surgeons are performing laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty on the Anderson-Hynes model, but the details of the technique are still in evolution. Continued improvements in instrumentation and innovative suturing techniques may help make the laparoscopic approach the standard method for pyeloplasty.
[A case of juvenile type dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) with psychomotor retardation since infancy]. (1998)

We report here a case of an 11-year-old boy with juvenile type of dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA). His psychomotor development has been delayed since infancy and cerebellar ataxia was noted at the age of 2 years, indicating an early onset. At the age of 6 years, he had progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) and underwent a series of neuroradiological, electrophysiological and pathological examinations, which failed to reveal the etiology. Gene analysis performed at the age of 11 years revealed an expanded CAG repeat at the DRPLA locus in both the patient and his asymptomatic father. In the absence of a positive family history, a diagnosis of DRPLA may be difficult due to its clinical variability. We conclude that DRPLA should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of childhood PME and that gene analysis should be performed to confirm a diagnosis of DRPLA.
Explanatory Debugging: Supporting End-User Debugging of Machine-Learned Programs (2010)

Many machine-learning algorithms learn rules of behavior from individual end users, such as task-oriented desktop organizers and handwriting recognizers. These rules form a “program” that tells the computer what to do when future inputs arrive. Little research has explored how an end user can debug these programs when they make mistakes. We present our progress toward enabling end users to debug these learned programs via a Natural Programming methodology. We began with a formative study exploring how users reason about and correct a text-classification program. From the results, we derived and prototyped a concept based on “explanatory debugging”, then empirically evaluated it. Our results contribute methods for exposing a learned program's logic to end users and for eliciting user corrections to improve the program's predictions.
Induction of polyfunctional human memory T cells by Wnt pathway activation (VAC3P.949) (2014)

Abstract Polyfunctionality is a hallmark of protective immunity against pathogens and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of polyfunctional T cells are not completely understood. We found that during antigen-driven expansion of human virus-specific T cells, Wnt pathway activation enhances the CD62L+, CD28+, and KLRG1- central memory T cell phenotype and promoted the generation of highly polyfunctional virus-specific T cells. Such effects are not only seen in influenza-specific responses but also in terminally differentiated CMV- and HIV-specific T cells. Mechanistically induction of polyfunctionality was independent of arresting antigen-specific cell expansion and is T cell-intrinsic. These findings provide the first evidence that Wnt pathway activation leads to polyfunctional antigen-specific memory human T cells responses and therefore have implications for treatment of chronic viral infections and cancer.
Network-Assisted Device-to-Device Scheduling in LTE (2015)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a new feature being introduced to LTE in 3GPP Release 12. This feature will provide proximity services including support for public safety applications. For D2D communication within the network coverage area, network assistance is very beneficial for interference management purpose to ensure reliable communication. In this case, a simple algorithm can be used wherein the network manages the number and selection of simultaneous D2D transmissions within its cell. This will help manage interference from D2D transmission in case of time-frequency reuse to ensure that minimum performance requirement can be satisfied. In this paper, we outline a method for determining the maximum number of simultaneous D2D transmitters in a given cell. In addition, a method for selecting D2D pairs for simultaneous transmission is also provided. It is shown that, with network assistance, the percentage of reliable D2D communication links can be improved significantly.
Performance of WDM rings with wavelength conversion under non-Poisson traffic (2003)

Dynamic wavelength assignment in a WDM all-optical network with sparse wavelength conversion is discussed in this paper. The performance of unidirectional and bidirectional ring networks in terms of blocking probability, conversion gain and fairness are evaluated under various types of offered traffic patterns. Smooth and peaked patterns have been considered in addition to the classical Poisson traffic type. It is shown how the use of wavelength converters affects the blocking performance of connections and, more importantly in terms of network fairness, its dependence on the source-destination distance.
Sutdies of Discotic Liquid Crystalline with Polymerizable Groups, Triphenylene Derivatives. (2002)

A novel optically anisotropic film which consists of discotic liquid crystalline molecules (2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-triphenylenehexayl hexakis [4- (4-acryloyloxybutyloxy) benzoate] (THABB)) aligned and fixed in hybrid mode was invented. The discotic liquid crystalline molecules are polymerizable discotic nematic liquid crystalline triphenylene derivatives. The film is exceedingly useful for improvement in viewing angle of TN LCD.In our study, ND (discotic nematic) phase was the most suitable liquid crystalline phase for preparation of the optically anisotropic film. ND phase was frequently shown by 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-triphenylenehexayl hexakis (4-alkoxybenzoate) derivatives. Some modification of the alkoxy group brought about disappearance of ND phase. Introduction of an acryloyl group to the alkoxy group at the terminal position, however, did not caused disappearance of the ND phase.Synthesis of THABB on a large scale included problems of purity in a few steps. Introduction of new synthetic methods and refining the reaction condition in the small scale case, however, has resulted in highly pure THABB producing process.
The influence of ligand bite angle on the enantioselectivity of copper(II)-catalysed Diels–Alder reactions (1996)

I. W. Davies, L. Gerena, L. Castonguay, C. H. Senanayake, R. D. Larsen, T. R. Verhoeven and P. J. Reider, Chem. Commun., 1996, 1753 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960001753
An instrument for environmental control of vapor pressure and temperature for tensile creep and other mechanical property measurements (2007)

An instrument for measuring the creep response of a material maintained under a controlled environment of temperature and vapor pressure is described. The temperature range of the instrument is 20-250 degrees C while the range of vapor pressure is 0-1 atm. Data are presented for tests conducted on this instrument with Nafion, a perfluorinated ionomer developed by DuPont and used as a membrane in polymer exchange membrane fuel cells, over a range of temperature and water vapor pressure. The data are useful for predicting long-term creep behavior of the material in the fuel cell environment as well as providing insight to molecular level interactions in the material as a function of temperature and hydration. Measurements including dynamic and equilibrium strain due to water uptake as well as elastic modulus are described. The main features of the instrument are presented along with experimental methodology and analysis of results. The adaptation of the instrument to other mechanical tests is briefly described.
An experimental multi-Gb/s WDM broadband network (2002)

STARNET is an optical broadband network architecture based on a physical passive star topology. Over a single physical network, STARNET offers all users both a moderate-speed packet switched subnetwork and a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) circuit switched subnetwork. Based on these two data transport facilities, several topological and protocol solutions are available to the users. As a result, STARNET supports traffic of widely different speed and continuity characteristics. An ongoing experimental effort aimed at the realization of a STARNET prototype at the Optical Communication Research Laboratory of Stanford University is described. The prototype nodes are fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) and synchronous optical network (SONET) OC-48 data rate compatible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Highly Directional Steerable Antennas: High-Gain Antennas Supporting User Mobility or Beam Switching for Reconfigurable Backhauling (2016)

Modern millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems for large indoor areas and most outdoor scenarios require high-gain antennas with beam-steering ability to support user mobility or beam switching for reconfigurable backhauling. In this article, two new concepts for the development of highly directional steerable mmWave antennas are proposed and analyzed. The first one is modular antenna array (MAA) technology, which allows the creation of large-aperture, high-gain adaptive antenna arrays in a cost-effective and scalable manner. Two MAA configurations based on the existing phased subarray module are considered and analyzed for mmWave small-cell access and backhauling. The second prospective technology that fulfills the required antenna parameters for mmWave smallcell flexible backhauling is the lens-array antenna (LAA). The combination of the dielectric lens for aperture increasing with only one subarray module with beam-steering capabilities may provide 25?30-dBi total antenna gain with azimuth sector sweeping !45?.
Accelerating critical section execution with asymmetric multi-core architectures (2009)

To improve the performance of a single application on Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs), the application must be split into threads which execute concurrently on multiple cores. In multi-threaded applications, critical sections are used to ensure that only one thread accesses shared data at any given time. Critical sections can serialize the execution of threads, which significantly reduces performance and scalability.
Mise au point d'un micro-système à détection de fluorescence induite par laser pour l'analyse de routine de l'homocystéine (2005)

communication orale
Synthesis and degradation of FtsZ quantitatively predict the first cell division in starved bacteria (2018)

In natural environments, microbes are typically non-dividing and gauge when nutrients permit division. Current models are phenomenological and specific to nutrient-rich, exponentially growing cells, thus cannot predict the first division under limiting nutrient availability. To assess this regime, we supplied starving <i>Escherichia coli</i> with glucose pulses at increasing frequencies. Real-time metabolomics and microfluidic single-cell microscopy revealed unexpected, rapid protein, and nucleic acid synthesis already from minuscule glucose pulses in non-dividing cells. Additionally, the lag time to first division shortened as pulsing frequency increased. We pinpointed division timing and dependence on nutrient frequency to the changing abundance of the division protein FtsZ. A dynamic, mechanistic model quantitatively relates lag time to FtsZ synthesis from nutrient pulses and FtsZ protease-dependent degradation. Lag time changed in model-congruent manners, when we experimentally modulated the synthesis or degradation of FtsZ. Thus, limiting abundance of FtsZ can quantitatively predict timing of the first cell division.
Planarization profile modeling using pad bulk deformation and real contact area analysis of macro-scale device pattern (2023)

Abstract In general, the shape of the polished pattern is not flat but has a rounded curved profile. Unlike micro-patterns that have similar scales to pad asperities, macro-patterns have a very large scale compared to asperities, so bulk deformation must also be considered. To derive the pad bulk deformation, real contact area (RCA) measurements were performed in this study. Based on the preceding contact model, a semi-empirical model for RCA and bulk deformation was derived. After including the constructed pad bulk deformation function in the existing Greenwood–Williamson model, a new model that can derive the material removal rate profile according to the position in the pattern was presented. Unlike the general upper and lower removal rate behavior, this model shows a unique behavior. At the beginning of polishing, the edge shows a higher removal rate than the center, but after a specific step height, the center has a higher removal rate due to the curved shape. Analysis was performed for comparison between the proposed model equation and the experimental value. When the polishing profile in the 10 mm pattern was compared with the previous model and the proposed model, respectively, the existing model did not predict the removal rate distribution according to the position in the pattern. However, this model has the advantage of predicting both over-polishing at the edge of the pattern and high removal rate at the bottom. In addition, it was confirmed through simulation that the 4 mm and 2 mm patterns had excellent matching properties.
Mechanisms of Enhanced Optical Absorption for Ultrathin Silicon Solar Microcells with an Integrated Nanostructured Backside Reflector (2013)

This paper investigates mechanisms of enhanced light absorption exhibited by ultrathin Si solar microcells integrated with a periodically nanostructured, semitransparent metallic reflector. This backside reflector comprises periodic nanoscale relief features formed by soft-imprint lithography with a thin (~35 nm) coating of Au. The work shows that microcells placed in direct contact above the nanostructured reflector's surface creates Fabry-Pérot cavities, which traps impinging light inside the Si slab via the excitation of cavity modes. Experimental measurements show that the short-circuit current and efficiency values for devices incorporating this thin, semitransparent backside reflector outperform similar Si microcells integrated with a planar thick (~300 nm) opaque mirror by ~10-15% because of enhanced absorption. Computational modeling that is supported by experimental measurements reveal that the dominant methods of enhancement stem from a complex interplay between backside diffraction/scattering and Fabry-Pérot resonances. These same data demonstrate that plasmonic interactions contribute minimally to the optical enhancements seen.