gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from: The cortical evoked potential corresponds with deep brain stimulation efficacy in rats (2022)

Objective. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, although its mechanism of action is uncertain. Previous work has demonstrated that a critical component to its mechanism may be the activation of the primary motor cortex (M1) via the antidromic firing of neurons within the hyperdirect pathway from STN to M1. This antidromic firing exhibits high rates of spike failure when stimulated at high frequencies, and the spike failure rate appears to correlate with DBS efficacy. This synchronous antidromic spiking takes the form of a short-latency evoked potential in electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings of M1, with the magnitude of the cortical evoked potential (cEP) similarly declining at high stimulation frequencies. In this study, we aimed to characterize the cEP in response to various stimulation conditions and to determine whether changes in the cEP correlate with symptom reduction from DBS. Approach. We used the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat model in female, Sprague Dawley rats, with stimulating electrodes implanted in the STN and the ECoG recorded above M1. We then recorded the cEP during various stimulation conditions and while performing behavioral assessments of hypokinetic symptoms. Main results. We found that the cEP is strongly affected by stimulation conditions, with the cEP magnitude declining and cEP latency increasing with higher stimulation frequencies. These effects occur over multiple minutes, and likely with multiple time-scales. Additionally, the cEP magnitude and latency each correlate strongly with symptom reduction from DBS, with superior correlations to conventional spectral-based biomarkers from ECoG. Significance. This study demonstrates the potential clinical utility of the cEP as a biomarker for symptom reduction from DBS, which may be used in determining proper lead location, stimulation parameter selection, or closed-loop control. Additionally, it provides further insight into the cortical mechanism by which DBS relieves symptoms, suggesting that it may be related to a potential desynchronizing effect caused by high rates of sporadic antidromic spike failure during high frequency DBS.
Session details: Tangible interaction with light in the IoT (2016)

No abstract available.
Mid-infrared optical frequency combs at 2.5 μm based on crystalline microresonators (2013)

The mid-infrared spectral range (λ~2-20 μm) is of particular importance as many molecules exhibit strong vibrational fingerprints in this region. Optical frequency combs--broadband optical sources consisting of equally spaced and mutually coherent sharp lines--are creating new opportunities for advanced spectroscopy. Here we demonstrate a novel approach to create mid-infrared optical frequency combs via four-wave mixing in a continuous-wave pumped ultra-high Q crystalline microresonator made of magnesium fluoride. Careful choice of the resonator material and design made it possible to generate a broadband, low-phase noise Kerr comb at λ=2.5 μm spanning 200 nm (≈10 THz) with a line spacing of 100 GHz. With its distinguishing features of compactness, efficient conversion, large mode spacing and high power per comb line, this novel frequency comb source holds promise for new approaches to molecular spectroscopy and is suitable to be extended further into the mid-infrared.
A horse chestnut extract, which induces contraction forces in fibroblasts, is a potent anti‐aging ingredient (2007)

Contraction forces generated by non-muscle cells, such as fibroblasts, play important roles in determining cell morphology, vasoconstriction, and/or wound healing. We have searched among various plant extracts for ingredients that generate cell contraction forces using fibroblast-populated collagen gels. Using that model, we found that an extract of horse chestnuts (Aesculus hippocastanum) is able to generate such contraction forces in fibroblasts. The involvement of stress fiber formation in that response is suggested by the inhibition of such force generation by cytochalasin D and rhodamine phalloidin stain. Clinical testing of the extract was carried out using 40 healthy female volunteers. A gel formulation that included 3% of the extract was applied topically to the skin around the eye three times daily for nine weeks. The efficacy of the extract to diminish wrinkles was evaluated by visual scoring based on photo scales. After six weeks, significant decreases in the wrinkle scores at the corners of the eye or in the lower eyelid skin were observed compared with controls. After nine weeks, similar results were obtained. Taken together, our results suggest that an extract of horse chestnuts can generate contraction forces in fibroblasts and is a potent anti-aging ingredient.
Aggressive systemic mastocytosis with sarcoma-like growth in the skeleton, leukemic progression, and partial loss of mast cell differentiation antigens (2007)

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a clonal disease of mast cells (MC) and their progenitors.[1][1] The hallmark of the disease is the multifocal accumulation of MC in one or more extracutaneous organs. The clinical course and prognosis in SM vary among patients.[1][1],[2][2] Based on WHO criteria, 4
Inter-JVM Sharing (2015)

Some Java programs lend themselves to being run many times and create the same fixed objects every time. Many of these common objects are Strings. To exploit this trend, we have modified IBM's J9 Java virtual machine (JVM) to allow the same String objects to share (reuse) their internal char[] (character) arrays in each JVM. The first instance of the Java program runs to completion and then sets up the Strings for sharing, so that subsequent instances of the same program can use the char[] arrays that it created instead of recreating them. String sharing will not provide benefit in all applications, but for those that fit the pattern, as exemplified by the Eclipse and H2 benchmarks, we were able to achieve significant heap saving with negligible impact on performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on a High Efficiency Active Power Distribution Control for Large Scale Battery Energy Storage System (2018)

A large scale battery energy storage system, which can output power at MW-order, has many Power Conditioning Systems (PCSs). The authors have proposed an active power distribution method for PCS. The active power distribution method uses information of Need of Charge (NOC) and Maximum Efficiency Power point (MEP), and the method is called NOC-MEP method. The NOC-MEP method showed higher charge/discharge efficiency than the conventional method in which active power is equally distributed to each PCS. The NOC-MEP method has been installed in the battery system at Nishi-Sendai substation of Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc. This paper reports the charge/discharge efficiency of battery system at Nishi-Sendai substation, which uses the NOC-MEP method.
Let it RAIN for Social Good (2022)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a highly transformative technology take on a special role as both an enabler and a threat to UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). AI Ethics and emerging high-level policy efforts stand at the pivot point between these outcomes but is barred from effect due the abstraction gap between high-level values and responsible action. In this paper the Responsible Norms (RAIN) framework is presented, bridging this gap thereby enabling effective high-level control of AI impact. With effective and operationalized AI Ethics, AI technologies can be directed towards global sustainable development.
Total Synthesis of the Marine Ladder Polyether Gymnocin B (2019)

Herein, we report the first total synthesis of marine ladder polyether gymnocin B (1) based on a two-phase strategy. In Phase I, inspired by the proposed biosynthesis, epoxide-opening cascades assemble 10 out of 15 cyclic ether rings making up the molecular core. In the subsequent Phase II, coalescence elevates the molecular complexity further by coupling of these subunits. Our two-phase synthetic approach significantly improved the step efficiency of the synthesis of this class of natural products.
Benefits of Elastic Transponders with Data Rate Granularity finer than 50 Gb/s (2019)

We evaluate the benefits of data-rate adaptive transponders featuring granularities finer than 50 Gb/s to better fit transmission distances for three WDM networks, in terms of maximum capacity and saved quantity of transponders.
Detection of Kaposiʼs sarcoma herpesvirus DNA in semen of homosexual men with Kaposiʼs sarcoma (1996)

Gupta, P.*; Singh, M. K.*; Rinaldo, C.*§; Ding, M.*; Farzadegan, H.†; Saah, A.†; Hoover, D.†; Moore, P.†; Kingsley, L.*¶ Author Information
Prediction of HDR quality by combining perceptually transformed display measurements with machine learning (2017)

We present an approach to predict overall HDR display quality as a function of key HDR display parameters. We first performed subjective experiments on a high quality HDR display that explored five key HDR display parameters: maximum luminance, minimum luminance, color gamut, bit-depth and local contrast. Subjects rated overall quality for different combinations of these display parameters. We explored two models | a physical model solely based on physically measured display characteristics and a perceptual model that transforms physical parameters using human vision system models. For the perceptual model, we use a family of metrics based on a recently published color volume model (IC<sub>T</sub>-C<sub>P</sub>), which consists of the PQ luminance non-linearity (ST2084) and LMS-based opponent color, as well as an estimate of the display point spread function. To predict overall visual quality, we apply linear regression and machine learning techniques such as Multilayer Perceptron, RBF and SVM networks. We use RMSE and Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients to quantify performance. We found that the perceptual model is better at predicting subjective quality than the physical model and that SVM is better at prediction than linear regression. The significance and contribution of each display parameter was investigated. In addition, we found that combined parameters such as contrast do not improve prediction. Traditional perceptual models were also evaluated and we found that models based on the PQ non-linearity performed better.
Supplementary Figure 3C-D from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3C-D from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus
Ultrafast dynamics of photoinduced semiconductor-to-metal transition in the optical switching nano-oxideTi3O5 (2014)

Nanogranular trititanium pentaoxide $({\mathrm{Ti}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{5})$, an oxide showing a photoreversible phase transition at room temperature, has recently attracted considerable attention because of its applicability in optical data storage. We report the dynamics of the photoinduced semiconductor-to-metal transition (\ensuremath{\beta} phase to \ensuremath{\lambda} phase) at room temperature. With time-resolved diffuse reflection spectroscopy conducted over a wide range of time scales, from femtoseconds to microseconds, the overall relaxation behavior was characterized. We found that a transient phase transition occurs within a few hundreds of femtoseconds and that 40% of the converted \ensuremath{\lambda}-phase fractions revert to \ensuremath{\beta} phase within 1 ps. Carriers are generated instantaneously and disappear within 20 ns. The \ensuremath{\lambda} phase increases from 1 to 10 ps, indicating growth of the metallic domain. A slow recovery process, with a duration ranging from ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$ to ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ s, was found and is ascribed to the shrinking and annihilation of the size-distributed metastable \ensuremath{\lambda}-phase domains. The fast onset, with a duration within a few hundreds of femtoseconds and the subsequent stabilization process of less than 10 ps, signal the applicability of this material to ultrafast photoswitching.
Advanced inspection technique for deep-submicron and high-aspect-ratio contact holes (2002)

We developed a technique using electron beams for inspection contact holes immediately after dry etching and detecting incomplete contact failures. Wafers with deep-sub-micron contact \holes that had high-aspect-ratios of 10 could be detected during practical inspection time by controlling the charging effect on the wafer surfaces. Measurements of the energy distribution in the secondary electronics exhausted from the bottom of the holes indicated that they were accelerated by the charge up voltage on the wafer surfaces. Our analysis showed that high-density electron beams must be used to charge the surfaces when the aspect ratio is high. The minimum thickness of the residual SiO<SUB>2</SUB> that could be detected at the bottom of the contact holes was 2 nm using an aspect ratio of 8. Applying this mechanism to optimize the dry etching process in semiconductor manufacturing showed that we could achieve reliable process control.
Analysis of heterologous protein production in defined recombinant Aspergillus awamori strains (1996)

A study was carried out to obtain more insight into the parameters that determine the secretion of heterologous proteins from filamentous fungi. A strategy was chosen in which the mRNA levels and protein levels of a number of heterologous genes of different origins were compared. All genes were under control of the Aspergillus awamori 1,4-beta-endoxylanase A (exlA) expression signals and were integrated in a single copy at the A. awamori pyrG locus. A Northern (RNA) analysis showed that large differences occurred in the steady-state mRNA levels obtained with the various genes; those levels varied from high values for genes of fungal origin (A. awamori 1,4-beta-endoxylanase A, Aspergillus niger glucoamylase, and Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase) to low values for genes of nonfungal origin (human interleukin 6 and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [guar] alpha-galactosidase). With the C. tetragonoloba alpha-galactosidase wild-type gene full-length mRNA was even undetectable. Surprisingly, small amounts of full-length mRNA could be detected when a C. tetragonoloba alpha-galactosidase gene with an optimized Saccharomyces cerevisiae codon preference was expressed. In all cases except human interleukin 6, the protein levels corresponded to the amounts expected on basis of the mRNA levels. For human interleukin 6, very low protein levels were observed, whereas relatively high steady-state mRNA levels were obtained. Our data suggest that intracellular protein degradation is the most likely explanation for the low levels of secreted human interleukin 6.
Nanoscale Etching and Reoxidation of InAs (2014)

At present, the performance enhancement for Si-based transistors can no longer be guaranteed due to intrinsic mobility issues. The considerably higher electron mobility of III-V compound semiconductors (e.g. InGaAs, InAs, InSb) has led to renewed interest and a following phase in the development of future transistors for the 7-5 nm technology node [1].
Cost analysis of lasers for a laser isotope separation system. Final report (1977)

To be of practical significance, laser isotope separation (LIS) for separation of /sup 235/U from /sup 238/U must exhibit attributes which make it preferable to expansion of the present facilities. Clearly the most attractive such attribute is the prospect of significant cost reductions, which preliminary studies at LLL suggest will amount to a factor of three and perhaps as much as ten. From these preliminary studies, it appears that the lasers themselves account for a very substantial portion of the capital cost of a LIS system, and a significant portion of the equipment replacement costs. Since the laser costs are so pivotal to the system cost, and the system cost is so pivotal to the choice of separation techniques, it is clear that a more detailed investigation of laser costs is required. Results are presented of a study performed by General Research Corporation (GRC) to assess the cost of lasers in a production laser isotope separation (LIS) plant. (JRD)
Innovative dual system for selective eradication of cancer cells using exosomes carrying natural bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA). (2019)

e14635 Background: Inactivation of P53 and activation of ras are frequent genetic alterations in cancer. We have shown in vitro and in vivo, that the TA system can selectively and effectively eradicate RAS-mutated cancer cells. Aim: Selective killing of cancer cells while sparing the normal cells based on tumor genetic signature. Methods: A “first generation” ΔE1/ΔE3 human type-5 adenoviral-vectors for gene delivery were designed and constructed to specifically target cancer cells. They are designated as "PY4-mazF-mCherry" (PY4, ras responsive element), "ΔPY4-mazF-mCherry" (control viruses) and "RGC-mazE-IRES-GFP" (RGC, P53 responsive element). Their potency was tested in vitro, by the enzymatic MTT assay, microscopic observation, colony formation assay and FACS analysis, and in a xenograft model of CRC. Next, we generated, small natural vesicles, exosomes, that directly targeted cancer through specific small antibody fragments against CD24 that is expressed in most cancer cells and rarely on normal cells. Results: The TA system ("PY4-mazF-mCherry"+"RGC-mazE-IRES-GFP") induced a massive cell death, in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, 69% as compared to 19% in control co-infected ("ΔPY4-mazF-mCherry"+"RGC-mazE-IRES-GFP") HCT116 CRC cells (mutated RAS and p53). In vivo, growth of HCT116 -/- ( KRAS mut and P53 mut ) and HCT116 +/+ ( KRAS mut and P53 wt ) tumors were significantly inhibited (70% and 65%, respectively). Conclusions: 1. Abusing the P53 genetic status and the activated Ras pathway holds promising effective and safe strategy to target tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. 2. It is a proof of concept for personalized cancer therapy based on the tumor genetic profile.
Trading space for time in undirected s-t connectivity (1989)

Aleliunas et al. [1] posed the following question: “The reachability problem for undirected graphs can be solved in logspace and O(mn) time [m is the number of edges and n is the number of vertices] by a probabilistic algorithm that simulates a random walk, or in linear time and space by a conventional deterministic graph traversal algorithm. Is there a spectrum of time-space trade-offs between these extremes?” We answer this question in the affirmative for linear-sized graphs by presenting an algorithm which is faster than the random walk by a factor essentially proportional to the size of its workspace. For denser graphs, the algorithm is faster than the random walk but the speed-up factor is smaller.
Heartbeat Measurement with Millimeter Wave Radar in the Driving Environment (2021)

Millimeter wave radar has proven to be an effective method to measure human vital signs in a non-contact manner. However, the driving context is complex and noisy, and this fact must be considered in the algorithm design as well as in testing and verification methodologies. We implemented an estimation algorithm based on arctangent demodulation and added refinements to optimize performance. Three different algorithm choices, peak spectrum, MUSIC, and particle filter were tested while driving in an on-road vehicle as well as in a high-fidelity driving simulator. Accuracy was explored over a parameter space by varying window size and error tolerance. We present results that help to select the method and parameter. Additionally, we conclude that a high-fidelity simulator is an appropriate environment to conduct radar tests for in-cabin monitoring.
Interaction of HCl with Ice:  Investigation of the Predicted Trihydrate, Hexahydrate, and Monolayer Regimes (1997)

Knowledge of the interaction of hydrogen chloride (HCl) with ice is important for an understanding of heterogeneous reactions on polar stratospheric clouds. The interaction of HCl with ice as a function of ice temperature, HCl partial pressure, and ice film thickness was studied using laser-induced thermal desorption (LITD) techniques. Ice films were prepared by depositing H2O vapor onto a cooled Al2O3 substrate. The ice was then exposed to HCl partial pressures ranging from 1 × 10-9 to 1 × 10-6 Torr at ice temperatures from 140 to 186 K. HCl uptake by ice was monitored as a function of time using the HCl LITD signals. A doubly differentially pumped mass spectrometer allowed the LITD studies to be conducted at H2O partial pressures up to 1 × 10-4 Torr. These high H2O partial pressures are required to maintain stable ice films at the higher ice temperatures. At temperatures below 148 K, the HCl and H2O LITD signals indicated that the ice films rapidly formed an HCl·3H2O trihydrate film. Between 148 and 175 K, the HCl:H2O ratio changed continuously with no observed stable HCl·6H2O hexahydrate. At stratospheric temperatures between 180 and 186 K, HCl uptake on ice varied from 4 × 1014 to 2 × 1016 molecules/cm2. This variation was attributed to varying ice surface roughness with the roughest ice films displaying the highest HCl uptake. HCl uptake was limited to ∼1 ΜL (1 ΜL = 1.15 × 1015 molecules/cm2) on the smoothest ice films, in agreement with previous estimates of monolayer HCl uptake by stratospheric ice.
Low switching power silica-based super high delta thermo-optic switch with heat insulating grooves (2002)

A silica-based 2×2 thermo-optic switch with super high delta planar lightwave circuits has been fabricated and used with a low switching power configuration. This switch has two features that aid switching power reduction, namely heat insulating grooves and a thick under-cladding. Dependence of the switching characteristics on these features has been examined both theoretically and experimentally. A very low switching power of 45 mW has been achieved.
(Bio)-behavioral CAD (2008)

We propose the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) systems, techniques, and tools to observe the neuron-level activity of the brains of designers or CAD tool developers. The objective is to enable designers and developers to complete their task in a faster and more creative way with significantly reduced number of logical and design errors. While fMRI techniques are already used in economics, decision and several other social sciences, until now their potential for closing the design productivity-silicon productivity (DPSP) gap has not been recognized. By compounding the new approach with techniques for designing integrated circuits and system within fMRI data collection and analysis, we will establish a positive productivity and creativity feedback loop that may permanently close the DPSP gap. As a preliminary and presently feasible step, we propose the creation of behavioral CAD research and development techniques. The usage of judiciously selected verbal, visual information and reintroduction of successful design paradigm and exposure to beneficial synthesis templates may help current and future designers to learn and design more effectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Villagorgin A and B: New Type of Indole Alkaloids with Acetylcholine Antagonist Activity from the Gorgonian Villagorgia rubra. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ability of Preseason Body Composition and Physical Fitness to Predict the Risk of Injury in Male Collegiate Hockey Players (2014)

Forwards have higher odds of injury relative to other player positions. BMI was predictive of on-ice injury. Aerobic fitness and maximum strength outcomes were not strongly predictive of on-ice injury.
Poster session II * Thursday 9 December 2010, 14:00-18:00 (2010)

no. P401