gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aging and Food Restriction Alter Some Indices of Bone Metabolism in Male Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) (1995)

Food restriction increases life span, reduces aging rate and affects a wide variety of biological functions. In rats, food restriction delays bone growth and reduces bone density and mineral content. We report the effects of aging and long-term (> 6.0 y) food restriction on several indices of bone growth and metabolism in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Food allotments for controls approximated free access consumption, whereas food-restricted monkeys received 30% less food on a body weight basis. Cross-sectional and longitudinal age effects on serum alkaline phosphatase paralleled those reported for humans. Food restriction induced a significant delay in the developmental decline (to adult levels) in total alkaline phosphatase and significantly suppressed serum interleukin 6 concentrations, particularly in younger monkeys. Also, food restriction slowed skeletal growth, as reflected by shorter crown-rump length, and significantly reduced total body bone mineral content, but not bone mineral density, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analyses of serum parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate and osteocalcin concentrations suggested that the effects on skeletal growth were not related to alterations in calcium and phosphate homeostasis or a primary defect in bone formation. These findings suggest that long-term food restriction delays skeletal development in male rhesus monkeys while allowing the development of a reduced but otherwise normal skeleton.
Bone Mineral in the Radius and Vertebral Osteoporosis in an Insured Population (1973)

Using miniature roentgenograms of the abdomen to estimate vertebral osteoporosis and the photon absorption (125I) method applied to the distal end of the radius to estimate bone mineral in a normal working population including four ethnicities, it was found that age, sex, and skin color in decreasing order had the greatest effect on bone mineral; that mineral content peaked at thirty-five in both men and women and fell abruptly after forty-five in women and after sixty-five years in men; and that 33.3 per cent of the women and 11.9 per cent of the men had slight osteoporosis. Although there was in general an inverse relationship between bone mineral and osteoporosis, it was concluded that the photon absorption method as applied in this study is not a useful technique for the early detection of osteoporosis.
Diagnostic measurements of high voltage polymeric cable insulation (2002)

This paper describes two techniques that can help to diagnose the operating conditions of polymeric cable insulation. The first, the oxidative induction time (OIT) measurements, requires obtaining specimens of the insulation and performing tests in a laboratory. Insulation samples can be taken, for example, after the first cable failure. The second technique, which measures the harmonic distortion of an ac loss component of the current flowing through the insulation, could evolve into an in situ diagnostic technique.
Investigating Catalytic Properties Which Influence Dehydration and Oxidative Dehydrogenation in Aerobic Glycerol Oxidation over Pt/TiO2 (2022)

The use of heterogeneous catalysts to convert glycerol into lactic acid has been extensively investigated in recent years. Several different strategies have been employed, but importantly, the highest production rates of lactic acid are achieved through aerobic oxidation under alkaline conditions. Despite the progress made in this area, insight into how the catalytic properties influence the selectivity of the competing pathways, oxidative dehydrogenation and dehydration, remains limited. Developing a deeper understanding is therefore critical, if process commercialization is to be realized. Using a model Pt/TiO2 catalyst, we set out to investigate how the supported metal particle size and support phase influenced the selectivity of these two pathways. Both these parameters have a profound effect on the reaction selectivity. Using a range of characterization techniques and through adopting a systematic approach to experimental design, important observations were made. Both pathways are first instigated through the oxidative dehydrogenation of glycerol, leading to the formation of glyceraldehyde or dihydroxyacetone. If these intermediates desorb, they rapidly undergo dehydration through a reaction with the homogeneous base in solution. Based on the experimental evidence we therefore propose that selectivity to lactic acid is influenced by surface residence time.
A Parallel Performance Study of Jacobi-like Eigenvalue Solution (1994)

In this report we focus on Jacobi like resolution of the eigen-problem for a real symmetric matrix from a parallel performance point of view: we try to optimize the algorithm working on the communication intensive part of the code. We discuss several parallel implementations and propose an implementation which overlaps the communications by the computations to reach a better efficiency. We show that the overlapping implementation can lead to significant improvements. We conclude by presenting our future work. This work was supported by MRE grant No. 974, the CNRS-NSF grant No. 950.22/ 07 and the research program C3. y On leave from LIP, CNRS URA 1398, ENS Lyon, 4 all&amp;apos;ee d&amp;apos;Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. z This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant ASC871728, the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center Cooperative Agreement CCR-8809615, the DARPA and ARO under contract DAAL03-91-C-0047, PRC C 3 , CNRS-NSF grant 950.223/...
Efficacy of Two Entomopathogenic Fungi, Metarhizium brunneum, Strain F52 Alone and Combined with Paranosema locustae against the Migratory Grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes, under Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions (2019)

Grasshopper outbreaks cause significant damage to crops and grasslands in US. Chemical control is widely used to suppress these pests but it reduces environmental quality. Biological control of insect pests is an alternative way to reduce the use of chemical insecticides. In this context, two entomopathogenic fungi, <i>Metarhizium</i> brunneum strain F52 and <i>Paranosema locustae</i> were evaluated as control agents for the pest migratory grasshopper <i>Melanoplus sanguinipes</i> under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Third-instar grasshoppers, reared in the laboratory, were exposed up to fourteen days to wheat bran treated with different concentrations of each of the fungi alone or the two pathogens combined. In the greenhouse, nymphs were placed individually in cages where they were able to increase their body temperatures by basking in the sun in an attempt to inhibit the fungal infection, and treated with each pathogen alone or in combination. Mortality was recorded daily and presence of fungal outgrowth in cadavers was confirmed by recording fungal mycosis for two weeks' post-treatment (PT). For combination treatment, the nature of the pathogen interaction (synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effects) was also determined. In laboratory conditions, all treatments except P. locustae alone resulted in grasshopper mortality. The application of the pathogen combinations caused 75% and 77%, mortality for lower and higher concentrations, respectively than each of the pathogens alone. We infer a synergistic effect occurred between the two agents. In greenhouse conditions, the highest mortalities were recorded in combination fungal treatments with a <i>M. brunneum</i> dose (60% mortality) and with a combination of the two pathogens in which <i>M. brunneum</i> was applied at high rate (50%) two weeks after application. This latter combination also exhibited a synergistic effect. Exposure to the <i>P. locustae</i> treatment did not lead to mortality until day 14 PT. We infer that these pathogens are promising for developing a biopesticide formulation for rangeland pest grasshopper management.
Combination of Atezolizumab and Tazemetostat in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results From a Phase Ib Study (2021)

The combination of atezolizumab and tazemetostat was determined to be safe and tolerable. However, anti-tumor activity of the combination was modest.
A final report on safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent aqueous subunit HBV vaccine (1985)

The bivalent form of an aqueous formalin-inactivated hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in chimpanzees. To evaluate safety five animals were inoculated intravenously with vaccine containing 500 micrograms HBsAg and two animals with 50 micrograms. None of these animals developed hepatitis or any serologic marker indicative of the presence of residual live virus in the vaccine. Twenty-four animals were used to evaluate immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Seven of these immunized animals produced weak or no anti-HBs responses. Two doses of 50 micrograms HBsAg given subcutaneously 1 month apart protected each of four animals that were challenged with 10(3.5) CID50 HBV at 6 and 12 months after immunization and protected three of four animals challenged at 24 months against development of hepatitis or HBsAg. Three of 4 animals in each group immunized with two doses of 20, 10, or 5 micrograms HBsAg were similarly protected when challenged 6 months after immunization. Thirteen of 20 immunized animals that did not develop HBsAg after challenge with HBV developed anamnestic anti-HBs or anti-HBc responses between 2 and 18 months after challenge, indicating minimal replication of challenge virus. The time of onset and frequency of occurrence of these delayed responses was related to the titer of anti-HBs at the time of challenge. False positive Ausab test results were observed in quarantined chimpanzees. These were neither preceded by appearance of HBsAg nor accompanied by development of anti-HBc. In most cases these reactions were due to a reactant having a sedimentation coefficient and an electrophoretic mobility resembling that of IgM. This reactant generally did not appear to confer resistance to challenge with HBV. The humoral immune response was characterized as being entirely of the IgM class 2 weeks after immunization and switched entirely into the IgG class by 10-12 weeks after vaccine administration. At the time of challenge all animals with antibody had anti-HBs of subtype a.
Docetaxel-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Improve Efficacy in Taxane-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2020)

Novel treatment strategies, including nanomedicine, are needed for improving management of triple-negative breast cancer. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer, when considered as a group, have a worse outcome after chemotherapy than patients with breast cancers of other subtypes, a finding that reflects the intrinsically adverse prognosis associated with the disease. The aim of this study was to improve the efficacy of docetaxel by incorporation into a novel nanoparticle platform for the treatment of taxane-resistant triple-negative breast cancer. Rod-shaped nanoparticles encapsulating docetaxel were fabricated using an imprint lithography based technique referred to as Particle Replication in Nonwetting Templates (PRINT). These rod-shaped PLGA-docetaxel nanoparticles were tested in the C3(1)-T-antigen (C3Tag) genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of breast cancer that represents the basal-like subtype of triple-negative breast cancer and is resistant to therapeutics from the taxane family. Thi...
Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism of Formation of LiNiO 2 from Particulate Sol‐Gel (PSG) Derived Precursors (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgment
Photovoltaic restoration of sight in rodents with retinal degeneration (Conference Presentation) (2017)

To restore vision in patients who lost their photoreceptors due to retinal degeneration, we developed a photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis which converts light into pulsed electric current, stimulating the nearby inner retinal neurons. Visual information is projected onto the retina by video goggles using pulsed near-infrared (~900nm) light. This design avoids the use of bulky electronics and wiring, thereby greatly reducing the surgical complexity. Optical activation of the photovoltaic pixels allows scaling the implants to thousands of electrodes, and multiple modules can be tiled under the retina to expand the visual field. We found that similarly to normal vision, retinal response to prosthetic stimulation exhibits flicker fusion at high frequencies (>20Hz), adaptation to static images, and non-linear summation of subunits in the receptive fields. Photovoltaic arrays with 70um pixels restored visual acuity up to a single pixel pitch, which is only two times lower than natural acuity in rats. If these results translate to human retina, such implants could restore visual acuity up to 20/250. With eye scanning and perceptual learning, human patients might even cross the 20/200 threshold of legal blindness. In collaboration with Pixium Vision, we are preparing this system (PRIMA) for a clinical trial. To further improve visual acuity, we are developing smaller pixels – down to 40um, and on 3-D interface to improve proximity to the target neurons. Scalability, ease of implantation and tiling of these wireless modules to cover a large visual field, combined with high resolution opens the door to highly functional restoration of sight.
Analysis of the wear and tribofilm formation on silicon nitride for total hip joint replacement (2010)

Analysis of the wear and tribofilm formation on silicon nitride for total hip joint replacement
Development of a Method for the N-Arylation of Amino Acid Esters with Aryl Triflates (2016)

A general method for the N-arylation of amino acid esters with aryl triflates is described. Both α- and β-amino acid esters, including methyl, tert-butyl, and benzyl esters, are viable substrates. Reaction optimization was carried out by design of experiment (DOE) analysis using JMP software. The mild reaction conditions, which use t-BuBrettPhos Pd G3 or G4 precatalyst, result in minimal racemization of the amino acid ester. This method is the first synthetic application of the t-BuBrettPhos Pd G4 precatalyst. Mechanistic studies show that the observed erosion in enantiomeric excess is due to racemization of the amino acid ester starting material and not of the product.
Cuanto: A Tool for Quantification of Bone Tissue in the Proximityof Implants (2011)

Abstract—Quantitative analysis of histological images ofbone-implant samples is a important step in the evaluationof bone-implant integration. However, the quantificationis a tedious task when carr ...
VIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF DONOR KIDNEYS PRIOR TO TRANSPLANTATION BASED ON CONTINUOUS OXYGEN CONSUMPTION MEASUREMENT (2010)

Kirchner, V. A.; Weegman, B. P.; Scott, W. E. III; Avgoustiniatos, E. S.; Ferrer-Fabrega, J.; Suszynski, T. M.; Rizzari, M. D.; Kidder, L. S.; Kandaswamy, R.; Sutherland, D. E.; Papas, K. K. Author Information
Humanitarian Benefits of Cadaver Research on Injury Prevention (1995)

This paper discusses the value of human cadaveric subjects in injury biomechanics research. Published data were used to estimate the number of cadavers used in the past 30 years and to show that, as a benefit to society, over 60 lives were saved and countless injuries prevented for each cadaver used in the development and validation of safety improvements. Ethical and religious concerns regarding the use of cadavers are also addressed. Because of the substantial humanitarian value of cadaver research and the lack of suitable specimens, it is proposed that cadaver resources be pooled and that institutions with surplus specimens supply the few cadaver testing laboratories with specimens each year. This approach will enable further development of safety systems and facilitate achieving the national goals for injury control.
QoS Resource Management in MPLS-Based Networks (1999)

Efficient QoS resource management is needed for a host of existing and
ever-increasing new services. For service performance, flexibility,
and reduced cost it is preferable to provide integration of these
services on a shared network. Such integration and sharing is
facilitated by QoS resource management techniques described in the
draft which are applicable to MPLS-based networks. Such QoS resource
management techniques are used in PSTNs to standardize service
classification, bandwidth allocation, bandwidth protection, and
priority routing treatment for all network services. In the draft we
illustrate the principles of QoS resource management and describe
their application to MPLS-based networks. In the proposed QoS resource
management method, bandwidth is allocated in discrete changes to each
of three virtual networks (VNs) corresponding to high-priority key
services, normal priority services, and best-effort lower priority
services. Bandwidth changes in VN bandwidth capacity are determined by
edge switch/routers based on an overall aggregated bandwidth demand
for VN capacity (not on a per-connection demand basis). Based on the
aggregated bandwidth demand, these edge switch/routers make periodic
discrete changes in bandwidth allocation, that is, either increase or
decrease bandwidth on the constraint-based routing label switched
paths (CRLSPs) constituting the VN bandwidth capacity. We propose to
add optional parameters in the constraint-based routing label
distribution protocol (CRLDP) for QoS Internet Draft QoS Resource
Management in MPLS-Based Networks Feb 99 resource management. In
particular, we propose an optional depth-of-search (DoS)
type/length/value (TLV) parameter in the CRLDP label request message
to control the bandwidth allocation on individual links in a CRLSP. In
addition, we propose an optional modify-TLV parameter in the CRLDP
label request message to allow modification of the assigned traffic
parameters (such as peak data rate, committed data rate, etc.) of ...
<title>Nonchemically amplified positive photoresist for synchrotron radiation x-ray lithography</title> (1995)

Iodine containing diazoquinone photoactive compounds (PAC) were synthesized and formulated with novolak and other resins in an effort to develop a positive photoresist for the synchrotron beam line at IBM's Advanced Lithography Facility. The studies focused on the effect of synchrotron radiation on the PACs themselves and in various halogenated resins. These materials were tested by exposing the resist materials to various doses of radiation and then measuring the loss of diazo from the PAC. An enhanced sensitivity x-ray (ESX) photoresist system was developed by combining an iodinated PAC with a novolak resin. ESX was compared to a conventional DQ/novolak photoresist system TNS. ESX was able to print at approximately half the dose needed for TNS. Features as small as 175 nm resolved. These set of experiments demonstrate the potential of significantly improving the photospeed of DQ/novolak photoresist system by utilizing a more x-ray efficient PAC.
Artificial intelligence directed development of a digital twin to measure soft tissue shift during head and neck surgery (2023)

Digital twins derived from 3D scanning data were developed to measure soft tissue deformation in head and neck surgery by an artificial intelligence approach. This framework was applied suggesting feasibility of soft tissue shift detection as a hitherto unsolved problem. In a pig head cadaver model 104 soft tissue resection had been performed. The surface of the removed soft tissue (RTP) and the corresponding resection cavity (RC) was scanned (N = 416) to train an artificial intelligence (AI) with two different 3D object detectors (HoloLens 2; ArtecEva). An artificial tissue shift (TS) was created by changing the tissue temperature from 7,91±4,1°C to 36,37±1,28°C. Digital twins of RTP and RC in cold and warm conditions had been generated and volumes were calculated based on 3D surface meshes. Significant differences in number of vertices created by the different 3D scanners (HoloLens2 51313 vs. ArtecEva 21694, p<0.0001) hence result in differences in volume measurement of the RTC (p = 0.0015). A significant TS could be induced by changing the temperature of the tissue of RC (p = 0.0027) and RTP (p = <0.0001). RC showed more correlation in TS by heating than RTP with a volume increase of 3.1 μl or 9.09% (p = 0.449). Cadaver models are suitable for training a machine learning model for deformable registration through creation of a digital twin. Despite different point cloud densities, HoloLens and ArtecEva provide only slightly different estimates of volume. This means that both devices can be used for the task.TS can be simulated and measured by temperature change, in which RC and RTP react differently. This corresponds to the clinical behaviour of tumour and resection cavity during surgeries, which could be used for frozen section management and a range of other clinical applications.
Thalidomide as “Salvage” Therapy for Patients With Delayed Hypersensitivity Response to Infliximab (2002)

Infliximab is efficacious for refractory Crohn's disease, but delayed hypersensitivity reactions preclude retreatment for patients experiencing this complication. We report the results of four patients offered enrollment in an open label trial of thalidomide as "salvage" therapy for their refractory disease. Two patients with active fistulous disease and two with lumenal disease received open-label thalidomide 200 mg every night and were evaluated monthly at the University of Chicago Clinical Research Center for 12 weeks. Before administration, patients signed an informed consent form discussing the potential risks of thalidomide use. Female patients of child-bearing age underwent serum pregnancy testing every 4 weeks. Response was defined as an absolute decrease in Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) by 100 points or improvement in two of three clinical parameters for fistulous disease. A patient with a single perirectal fistula had complete closure by 4 weeks, the other had noticeable improvement of five perianal fistulae at 4 weeks and complete closure by 12 weeks. One lumenal patient had a CDAI decrease of 250 points in 4 weeks. The fourth patient withdrew secondary to sedation after only a week of therapy. Two patients (one fistula, one lumenal) continued thalidomide past the 3-month study period and remained in remission at 5 and 7 months. Side effects reported were sedation (four of four patients), hypertension (one of four), and peripheral neuropathy (one of four). Thalidomide appears to be a safe and effective alternative for short-term healing in patients who develop infliximab-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction and may be an alternative strategy for those at risk.