gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional expression of the quinoline 2‐oxidoreductase genes (qorMSL) in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 pUF1 and in P. putida 86‐1 Δqor pUF1 and analysis of the Qor proteins (2003)

The availability of a system for the functional expression of genes coding for molybdenum hydroxylases is a prerequisite for the construction of enzyme variants by mutagenesis. For the expression cloning of quinoline 2-oxidoreductase (Qor) from Pseudomonas putida 86--that contains the molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide molybdenum cofactor (Mo-MCD), two distinct [2Fe-2S] clusters and FAD--the qorMSL genes were inserted into the broad host range vector, pJB653, generating pUF1. P. putida KT2440 and P. putida 86-1 deltaqor were used as recipients for pUF1. Whereas Qor from the wild-type strain showed a specific activity of 19-23 U x mg(-1), the specific activity of Qor purified from P. putida KT2440 pUF1 was only 0.8-2.5 U x mg(-1), and its apparent k(cat) (quinoline) was about ninefold lower than that of wild-type Qor. The apparent Km values for quinoline were similar for both proteins. UV/visible and EPR spectroscopy indicated the presence of the full set of [2Fe-2S] clusters and FAD in Qor from P. putida KT2440 pUF1, however, the very low intensity of the Mo(V)-rapid signal, that occurs in the presence of quinoline, as well as metal analysis indicated a deficiency of the molybdenum center. In contrast, the metal content, and the spectroscopic and catalytic properties of Qor produced by P. putida 86-1 deltaqor pUF1 were essentially like those of wild-type Qor. Release of CMP upon acidic hydrolysis of the Qor proteins suggested the presence of the MCD form of the pyranopterin cofactor; the CMP contents of the three enzymes were similar.
New perspectives for triplet–triplet annihilation based photon upconversion using all-organic energy donor & acceptor chromophores (2018)

It is recognized that metal organic complexes that serve as sensitizers can present various degrees of challenges viz. synthesis and stability for photonic applications such as triplet-triplet annihilation based photon upconversion (TTA-PUC). Presently, researchers, including our group, are turning their attention toward purely organic triplet sensitizers, which can be handled more easily for photon management science. In this review, we surveyed recently developed all-organic chromophoric systems that were devised and used for TTA-PUC research. Knowing that TTA-PUC research has mainly been focused on the design and synthesis of the triplet sensitizers, we detailed the underlying photophysics and thermodynamics that served as the starting point for the synthesis of the purely organic chromophores in question. Accordingly, this review details triplet sensitizers that operate on (i) spin-orbit coupling or heavy atom effect, (ii) Baird-type aromaticity and antiaromaticity, (iii) open-shell characteristics or doublet excited state and (iv) thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
Saturn Engine Stop-Start System with an Automatic Transmission (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Due to environmental and legislative concerns, less polluting and more efficient vehicle powertrain systems must be developed. A first step is a simple, low cost system such as the presented Engine Stop-Start (ESS) system. A 1.9 liter four-cylinder spark-ignition engine with a four-speed automatic transmission was modified to enable fuel off-on transitions during decelerations and stops. Additional hardware includes a 7 kW electric motor-generator, a power electronics module with an inverter and a DCDC converter, a 36 Volt nominal battery system, and minor modifications to the transmission. A control scheme was developed which takes advantage of the system's fuel saving potential while minimally affecting driveability. Tests have shown EPA City fuel economy gains of approximately 12-14 percent while maintaining the same emissions classification. The EPA Highway fuel economy was increased by approximately 1 percent.&lt;/div&gt;
Additive manufacturing of biodegradable Zn-xMg alloys: Effect of Mg content on manufacturability, microstructure and mechanical properties (2022)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) exhibits tremendous advantages in producing customized medical implants and has achieved successful clinical applications for non-degradable metals such as titanium, stainless steel and cobalt alloys, particularly in the form of porous scaffolds for bone implants. Biodegradable materials allow the metal to degrade while natural tissue grows thereby reducing implant lifetime within the body to a minimum. The design freedom of AM and especially Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) overcomes technical difficulties of conventional technologies to manufacture complex structures. Within this work test geometries and porous scaffolds were manufactured via LPBF with pre-alloyed Zinc-Magnesium (Zn-xMg) powder, where x = 0, 1, 2 and 5 wt% to investigate the effect of Mg on manufacturability, microstructure and mechanical properties. Relative material densities of cubic specimens above 99.5% were achieved with all pre-alloyed powders. The addition of Mg reduces the processing window compared to pure Zn. A decreased grain size and an increase in intermetallic precipitates is observed with the addition of Mg. Zn-1Mg samples exhibited 3.2x the maximum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of pure Zn (i.e., 119 MPa). However, the tensile elongation is only a fifth compared to pure Zn. With increasing Mg content, the amount of Zn+Mg2Zn11 rises and MgZn2 forms. These brittle phases characteristically increase hardness but reduce ductility. Under the chosen processing conditions, all Zn-xMg scaffolds demonstrated good processability. The geometric porosity was designed to be 80.5% with the achieved value of 70.8 % for compression testing. Zn-1Mg scaffold showed the highest compressive strength and Young’s modulus (19.1 MPa and 0.65 GPa respectively). This paper summarizes the technical challenges of manufacturing Zn-xMg alloys via LPBF for tissue engineering applications.
Pulsed parametric array (1984)

An earlier investigation [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 71, 1114–1117 (1982)] of the nonlinear interaction of a freely propagating pulse with a cw plane wave is extended to encompass the pulsed parametric array. We find that a scattered signal at the difference frequency is received in the farfield only during the time that a signal is received from the stationary boundary (i.e., the interaction region directly in front of the transducer). Once the pulse appears to have left the face of the transducer in that no further signal is received from the stationary boundary, no further signal at the difference frequency is observed in the farfield. This results in an observed scattered signal that has a pulse length and arrival time consistent with direct radiation from the face of the transducer. However, the signal is found to be generated by a virtual endfire array with an effective length dependent upon the pulse length and observation angle. Experimental evidence is presented in support of these results.
Investigation of hydrogen induced fluorescence in C60and its potential use in luminescence down shifting applications (2016)

Herein the photophysical properties of hydrogenated fullerenes (fulleranes) synthesized by direct hydrogenation utilizing hydrogen pressure (100 bar) and elevated temperatures (350 °C) are compared to the fulleranes C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>18</sub> and C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>36</sub> synthesized by amine reduction and the Birch reduction, respectively. Through spectroscopic measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the HOMO-LUMO gaps of C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>x</sub> (0 ≤ x ≤ 60), we show that hydrogenation significantly affects the electronic structure of C<sub>60</sub> by decreasing conjugation and increasing sp<sup>3</sup> hybridization. This results in a blue shift of the emission maximum as the number of hydrogen atoms attached to C<sub>60</sub> increases. Correlations in the emission spectra of C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>x</sub> produced by direct hydrogenation and by chemical methods also support the hypothesis of the formation of C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>18</sub> and C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>36</sub> during direct hydrogenation with emission maxima of 435 and 550 nm respectively. We also demonstrate that photophysical tunability, stability, and solubility of C<sub>60</sub>H<sub>x</sub> in a variety of organic solvents make them easily adaptable for application as luminescent down-shifters in heads-up displays, light-emitting diodes, and luminescent solar concentrators. The utilizization of carbon based materials in these applications can potentially offer advantages over commonly utilized transition metal based quantum dot chromophores. We therefore propose that the controlled modification of C<sub>60</sub> provides an excellent platform for evaluating how individual chemical and structural changes affect the photophysical properties of a well-defined carbon nanostructure.
Cytolytic Induction Therapy Improves Clinical Outcomes in African-American Kidney Transplant Recipients (2017)

These data demonstrate that cytolytic induction therapy, as compared with IL-2RA, reduces the risk of rejection, graft loss, and death in adult AA KTX recipients, particularly in those who are sensitized, receive public insurance, develop delayed graft function, or undergo steroid withdrawal.
Towards Circulating-Tumor DNA-Based Precision Medicine (2019)

In the era of precision medicine, targeted therapies have been implemented for various diseases. Genomic information guides decision-making in cancer treatment. The improvements in next-generation sequencing and polymerase chain reaction have made it possible to access the genetic information using circulating-tumor DNAs (ctDNAs). Molecular characteristics of individual tumors can be obtained by analysis of ctDNAs, thus making them excellent tools to guide decision-making during treatment. In oncology, the use of ctDNAs in clinical practice is now gaining importance. Molecular analysis of ctDNAs has potential for multiple clinical applications, including early diagnosis, prognosis of disease, prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers, and monitoring response to therapy and clonal evolution. In this paper, we highlight the applications of ctDNAs in cancer management, especially in metastatic setting, and summarize recent studies about the use of ctDNAs as predictive biomarkers for the therapeutic adaptation/response in lung cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. These studies offer the evidence to use ctDNAs as a promising approach to solve unmet clinical needs.
On the 95th anniversary of the first description of right ventricular myocardial infarction (2021)

An analysis of the publication of the outstanding Russian therapist and cardiologist D.D. Pletnev (18711941) is given in the article. In 1925, he published an article On the issue of lifetime differential diagnosis of right and left coronary artery thrombosis in the journal Russian Clinics in Russian and German languages. Timely diagnosis of right myocardial infarction determines the prognosis and treatment tactics of this disease, and the case itself has a priority for the Russian science. The authors emphasize the outstanding talent of D.D. Pletnev as a physician and scientist, whose name is associated with the emergence of one of the most brilliant therapeutic schools (A.L. Myasnikov, E.I. Chazov, etc.).
Network cell routing model for control of throughput and delay of air traffic (2009)

Attempts to manage air traffic by either decreasing delay or increasing flow can have the reverse effect on the other. In the National Airspace System (NAS), flights typically depart at their chosen times, and flow management techniques are implemented in the air in an effort to maximize flow, which could lead to delay for individual aircraft. Other areas of the world allow flights to depart only at predetermined slot times knowing that there is a clear unobstructed path, leading to minimal delays but possibly underutilizing airspace. We propose a new approach in leveraging the highway cell transmission model (CTM) to the airspace in the form of a multi-objective optimization that trades between maximizing throughput and minimizing delay. The model is posed as a multi-commodity traffic flow integer program where the constraints are relaxed slightly from the CTM to examine strategies for achieving optimal throughput and delay. In practice, the model is envisioned to initially run offline to determine a preliminary solution to the initial state of the system. Solutions for subsequent changes in actual state can be determined by running the model online for the incremental state change. Stochastic events such as convective weather clearing times or capacities can be included in the model to better see the benefits and impacts of pre-positioning traffic to take advantage of possible future clearing.
Charge-density analysis of rotational barriers (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharge-density analysis of rotational barriersLeland Cullen Allen and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 3, 567–574Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00732a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00732a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Involvement of the CX3CL1 (fractalkine)/CX3CR1 pathway in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease (2014)

This study investigated the role of cytokines and chemokines in aGVHD incidence and severity in 109 patients who underwent reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Among the 42 cytokines tested at d 0 HSCT, only CX3CL1 levels at d 0 HSCT were significantly associated with Grades II-IV aGVHD development (P = 0.04). Increased levels of CX3CL1 at d 20-30 and 50 post-HSCT were also significantly associated with aGVHD (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). No such association was found before the conditioning regimen or at d 100-120 post-HSCT. As the receptor for CX3CL1 is CX3CR1, the number of CX3CR1(+) cells was determined by flow cytometry. The CX3CR1(+)CD8(+) T cell proportion was significantly higher in patients with aGVHD than those without aGVHD (P = 0.01). To investigate the distribution of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in the anatomic sites of aGVHD, CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 levels were studied by use of an in situ immunohistochemical analysis on GI biopsies of patients with intestinal aGVHD. CX3CL1 expression was increased significantly in the epithelial cells and mononuclear cells of the lamina propria. CX3CR1(+) mononuclear cells were identified in close contact with epithelial cells. These findings strongly suggest the implication of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in the pathogenesis of aGVHD.
ChemInform Abstract: Amidino Benzimidazole Inhibitors of Bacterial Two‐Component Systems (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two-Stream Neural Networks for Tampered Face Detection (2017)

We propose a two-stream network for face tampering detection. We train GoogLeNet to detect tampering artifacts in a face classification stream, and train a patch based triplet network to leverage features capturing local noise residuals and camera characteristics as a second stream. In addition, we use two different online face swaping applications to create a new dataset that consists of 2010 tampered images, each of which contains a tampered face. We evaluate the proposed two-stream network on our newly collected dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the effectness of our method.
Confirmation of Disorder α Form of Poly(L‐lactic acid) by the X‐ray Fiber Pattern and Polarized IR/Raman Spectra Measured for Uniaxially‐Oriented Samples (2006)

Abstract In the present research, we report for the first time the X‐ray fiber pattern and polarized IR/Raman spectra taken for the uniaxially oriented disorder α form of PLLA, which can confirm the existence of the disorder PLLA α form (α′‐form) and provide some new insight on the structural difference between the order and disorder α forms.
Temporal and Spatial Expression Analysis of Shoot-Regeneration Regulatory Genes during the Adventitious Shoot Formation in Hypocotyl and Cotyledon Explants of Tomato (CV. Micro-Tom) (2020)

Enhancing the competence for plant regeneration in tissue culture studies is an important issue not only for efficient genetic transformation of commercial crops but also for the reproducibility of scientific reports. In this study, we investigated optimization of several tissue culture conditions including plant growth regulators, types and ages of explants, culture densities, and plant position in order to improve the competence of adventitious shoot formation of the tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> cv. Micro-Tom). In addition, we examined the differential expression of D-type cyclin (<i>CYCD3-1)</i> and several shoot regeneration regulatory genes from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of tomato during shoot organogenesis. A treatment of 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> Zeatin and 0.1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose was optimal for adventitious shoot formation from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants. The younger explants exhibited more shoot formation regardless of explant types. Additionally, those closest to the shoot apical meristem produced more shoots compared to the other regions in the hypocotyl and the cotyledon explants. Gene expression of <i>CYCD3-1,</i> SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (<i>STM</i>), and cytokinin dependent WUSCHEL (<i>WUS</i>) was significantly higher in younger explants than in older ones. Furthermore, an increase in <i>CYCD3-1</i>, <i>STM</i>, and <i>WUS</i> expression was evident at the distal part of hypocotyls and the proximal part of cotyledons compared to other regions. These differential gene expression profiles exhibited good agreement with the results of shoot formation obtained from diverse explants of tomato. These results suggest that temporal and spatial gene expression of shoot regeneration regulatory genes plays an important role in enhancing the competence and the reproducibility of adventitious shoot formation from tomato explants.
Regulation of the CFTR chloride channel from humans and sharks (1996)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in an ATP-dependent channel which mediates cAMP-stimulated chloride secretion by epithelia, particularly those of the pancreas, airways, and intestine. CFTR homologues have been found in all higher vertebrates examined to date and also in some lower vertebrates, although only the human, shark, and Xenopus genes have been heterologously expressed and shown to generate protein kinase A-activated Cl channels. Once phosphorylated, CFTR channels require hydrolyzable nucleotides to be active, but they can be locked in an open burst state when exposed to mixtures of ATP and its hydrolysis-resistant analogue AMP-PNP. This locking requires low-level phosphorylation at unidentified sites that are not among the ten "strong" (dibasic) PKA consensus sequences on CFTR. Mutagenesis of the dibasic PKA sites, which reduces in vitro phosphorylation by > 98%, reduces open probability (Po) by about 50% whilst having no effect on burst duration. Thus, incremental phosphorylation of these sites under normal conditions does not increase Po by slowing down ATP hydrolysis and stabilizing the open burst state, although locking does strictly require low-level phosphorylation at one or more cryptic sites. In addition to serving as a Cl channel, there is compelling evidence that CFTR inhibits the amiloride-sensitive, epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). The mechanism of coupling is not known but most likely involves physical interactions between the channels, perhaps mediated by an intermediate protein that impinges on other transport proteins. CFTR does not function as a conductive channel for ATP; however, extracellular ATP does regulate epithelial channels through activation of P2U purinergic receptors and, after being hydrolyzed extracellularly, through activation of adenosine receptors which elevate cAMP.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Imaging in Scattering Media using Optical Diffusion Tomography (2008)

Simulation results for intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging in a scattering medium are presented. The donor-acceptor distance for rigid and distance distributions for flexible linkers are reconstructed.
Evaluation of Radiomics to Predict the Accuracy of Markerless Motion Tracking of Lung Tumors: A Preliminary Study (2018)

Template-based matching algorithms are currently being considered for markerless motion tracking of lung tumors. These algorithms use tumor templates derived from the planning CT scan, and track the motion of the tumor on single energy fluoroscopic images obtained at the time of treatment. In cases where bone may obstruct the view of the tumor, dual energy fluoroscopy may be used to enhance soft tissue contrast. The goal of this study is to predict which tumors will have a high degree of accuracy for markerless motion tracking based on radiomic features obtained from the planning CT scan, using peak-to-sidelobe ratio (PSR) as a surrogate of tracking accuracy. In this study, CT imaging data of 8 lung cancer patients were obtained and analyzed through the open source IBEX program to generate 2,287 radiomic features. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was used to narrow down these features into 145 clusters comprised of the highest correlation to PSR. The features among the clusters with the least inter-correlation were then chosen to limit redundancy in the data. The results of this study demonstrated a number of radiomic features that are positively correlated to PSR. The features with the highest degree of correlation included complexity, orientation and range. This approach may be used to determine patients for whom markerless motion tracking would be beneficial.