gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a pseudorabies virus vaccine based on deletion mutant strain 783 that does not express thymidine kinase and glycoprotein I (1991)

The vaccine efficacy of a genetically engineered deletion mutant strain of pseudorabies virus, strain 783, was compared with that of the conventionally attenuated Bartha strain. Strain 783 has deletions in the genes coding for glycoprotein I and thymidine kinase. In experiment 1, which had a 3-month interval between vaccination and challenge exposure, strain 783 protected pigs significantly (P less than 0.05) better against virulent virus challenge exposure than did the Bartha strain. The growth of pigs vaccinated with strain 783 was not arrested, whereas that of pigs vaccinated with the Bartha strain was arrested for 7 days. Of 8 pigs given strain 783, 4 were fully protected against challenge exposure; none of the pigs given strain Bartha was fully protected. In experiment 2, which had a 3-week interval between vaccination and challenge exposure, the growth of pigs vaccinated with strain 783 was arrested for 3.5 days, whereas that of pigs vaccinated with the Bartha strain was arrested for 6 days. In experiment 3, pigs with moderate titer of maternal antibodies were vaccinated twice IM or once intranasally with either strain 783 or Bartha and were challenge-exposed 3 months after vaccination. Pigs given strain 783 twice IM were significantly (P less than 0.05) better protected than were the other pigs. They had growth arrest of only 6 days, compared with 9 days for pigs of other groups, and shed less virus after challenge exposure. Results of this study indicate that the vaccine based on the deletion mutant strain 783 is more efficacious than is the Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus.
100 kW peak power picosecond thulium-doped fiber amplifier system seeded by a gain-switched diode laser at 2 μm (2013)

We report on the generation of picosecond pulses at 2 μm directly from a gain-switched discrete-mode diode laser and their amplification in a multistage thulium-doped fiber amplifier chain. The system is capable of operating at repetition rates in the range of 2 MHz-1.5 GHz without change of configuration, delivering high-quality 33 ps pulses with up to 3.5 μJ energy and 100 kW peak power, as well as up to 18 W of average power. These results represent a major technological advance and a 1 order of magnitude increase in peak power and pulse energy compared to existing picosecond sources at 2 μm.
Supplementary Figure Legends from A Novel Antiandrogen, Compound 30, Suppresses Castration-Resistant and MDV3100-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF, 58K, Legends describing all the supplementary data&lt;/p&gt;
Very Fast Integrated Optoelectronic Logic for Parallel Computation Using Photodiode Gates (1990)

A new configuration of an integrated optoelectronic logic unit using GaAs photodiode gates is proposed. Implementation of AND and EOR logic units are performed monolithically using GaAs/AlGaAs multilayer structures. Discussions are made on the realization of the full adder by means of optical feedback between the photodiode logic array and the surface emitting diode laser array.
Is multiple system atrophy an infectious disease? (2018)

Nothing to report. Gregor Wenning, MD, PhD Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck, Austria John Q. Trojanowski, MD, PhD Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA Horacio Kaufmann, MD, and Thomas Wisniewski, MD Department of Neurology New York University School of Medicine New York, NY Walter A. Rocca, MD Department of Health Sciences Research Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Phillip A. Low, MD Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN
Optimal Display Factors in Stereoscopic TV Images for Human Stereoscopic Vision (1989)

Experiments to compare the capability of a stereoscopic TV image to generate disparity (binocular parallax), the main depth cue for human stereoscopic vision, with the characteristics of human stereoscopic vision are presented. In this paper we show that, because of the inadequate horizontal resolution of the conventional TV format (NTSC), the minimum amplitude of disparity that a stereoscopic TV image can generate is stereoscopically perceptible thus causing image quality deterioration in the form of false depth contouring. We also showed that the perceptible high frequency limit of disparity is about 4cpd (cycles/degree) for horizontal gratings, and about 3cpd for vertical gratings. These values are below the spatial frequency bandwidth of disparity that a stereoscopic TV image can generate, therefore, efficient bandwidth utilization is possible. Results of these experiments present the guidelines for designing high quality display for three-dimensional image.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael Additions of Aldehydes to Enones with Imidazolidinones: Cocatalyst Effects and Evidence for an Enamine Intermediate. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The hydrazide/hydrazone click reaction as a biomolecule labeling strategy for M(CO)3 (M = Re, 99mTc) radiopharmaceuticals (2011)

Facile reactivity of hydrazides and aldehydes was explored as potential coupling partners for incorporation into M(CO)(3) (M = Re, (99m)Tc) based radiopharmaceuticals. Both 'click, then chelate' and 'prelabel, then click' synthetic routes produced identical products in high yields and lacked metal-hydrazide/-hydrazone interactions, highlighting the potential of this click strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION OF HOMOPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE: A NEW AND SIMPLE ROUTE TO LINEARLY CONDENSED PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS (1982)

Abstract Homophthalsäureanhydrid (I) reagiert mit den Acetylenen (V) zu den Addukten (IV) mit l‐Naphtholstruktur, die auch aus (I) und den Dienophilen (II) über die Tetralone (III) durch Dehydrierung entstehen.
Efficacy and Dose-Dependent Safety of Intra-Arterial Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rodent Stroke Model (2014)

Intra-arterial (IA) delivery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for acute ischemic stroke is attractive for clinical translation. However, studies using rat model of stroke have demonstrated that IA MSCs delivery can decrease middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow, which may limit its clinical translation. The goal of this study is to identify a dose of IA MSCs (maximum tolerated dose; MTD) that does not compromise MCA flow and evaluate its efficacy and optimal timing in a rat model of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (rMCAo). We sought to determine if there is a difference in efficacy of acute (1 h) versus sub-acute (24 h) IA MSCs treatment after rMCAo. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent rMCAo (90 min) and an hour later a single dose of MSCs (at de-escalating doses 1 × 10(6), 5 × 10(5), 2 × 10(5), 1 × 10(5) and 5 × 10(4)) was given using IA route. MSCs were suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and PBS alone was used for control experiments. We measured the percent change in mean laser Doppler flow signal over the ipsilateral MCA in de-escalating doses groups to determine MTD. The results demonstrated that the lowering of IA MSC dose to 1 × 10(5) and below did not compromise MCA flow and hence an IA MSC dose of 1 × 10(5) considered as MTD. Subsequently, 1 h and 24 h after rMCAo, rats were treated with IA MSCs or PBS. The 24 h delivery of IA MSCs significantly improved neurodeficit score and reduced the mean infarct volume at one month as compared to control, but not the 1 h delivery. Overall, this study suggests that the IA delivery of MSCs can be performed safely and efficaciously at the MTD of 1 × 10(5) delivered at 24 hours in rodent model of stroke.
Universal Reference RNA as a standard for microarray experiments (2004)

Results of this study demonstrate that large quantities of pooled RNA from individual cell lines are reproducibly prepared and possess diverse gene representation. This type of reference provides a standard for reducing variation in microarray experiments and allows more reliable comparison of gene expression data within and between experiments and laboratories.
Magnetic microstructures of nano-granular CoPt-Al-O thin films studied by Lorentz microscopy and electron holography (2005)

Microstructures and magnetic domain structures of nano-granular CoPt-Al-O thin films are investigated by Lorentz microscopy and electron holography. It is found that the CoPt-based nanocrystalline phases are basically surrounded by the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-based amorphous phases and the area of the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-based amorphous phases increases with the increase in oxygen content. Typical mazy domains and domain walls like fishbone are observed in the Co/sub 45.8/Pt/sub 18.6/Al/sub 17.3/O/sub 18.3/ and in localized area of the Co/sub 38.7/Pt/sub 15.6/Al/sub 16.3/O/sub 29.4/, respectively, while no magnetic domain walls are observed in the Co/sub 34.4/Pt/sub 13.5/Al/sub 15.6/O/sub 36.5/. With the increase in magnetic field, domain walls like fishbone start to disappear and the magnetic flux density increases in the Co/sub 38.7/Pt/sub 15.6/Al/sub 16.3/O/sub 29.4/, indicating the mixed-phase state of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic phases. In the Co/sub 34.4/Pt/sub 13.5/Al/sub 15.6/O/sub 36.5/ of superparamagnetic state, the fluctuated lines of magnetic flux are considered to reflect the randomly magnetized distribution of CoPt-based single domain particles.
REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY (2012)

Introduction: Weight loss amongst women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is crucial to reduce the risk of endocrine, reproductive and metabolic complications including hirsutism, menstrual disturbances and cardiovascular disease. With approximately 50% of women with PCOS being overweight or obese, effective dietary management of weight in PCOS is essential. However, there is inconsistent evidence as to whether specifically modified diets (e.g. reduced carbohydrate diets) are more effective at achieving weight loss amongst women with PCOS than are conventional healthy hypocaloric diets.&#13;\n&#13;\nMaterial and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that had compared weight and BMI between women with PCOS who had undergone either a specifically modified diet or a conventional healthy hypocaloric diet were performed. Six electronic databases were searched, a manual search of the reference lists of the included studies was carried out and authors were contacted for additional information. Nine studies with a total of 395 participants (all with a body mass index [BMI] ≥30) were included in the meta-analysis. The effect size used was the mean difference in post-intervention weight and BMI between participants who had undergone a specifically modified diet and participants who had undergone a conventional healthy hypocaloric diet.&#13;\n&#13;\nResults: There were no differences between groups in post-intervention weight (mean difference 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.92 to 3.43, p = .26; heterogeneity I2 = 50%, p = .04) or BMI (mean difference 0.15, 95% CI -0.93 to 1.23, p = 0.79; heterogeneity I2 = 44%, p = 0.10). Subgroup analyses according to the presence of a dietary run-in period (a period at the start of the study during which all participants are placed on an identical diet in order to equalize them on variables influenced by diet), intervention duration and type of diet and a sensitivity analysis according to study quality were not significant.&#13;\n&#13;\nConclusions: Whilst the results should be interpreted in light of the moderate heterogeneity observed, they suggest that specifically modified diets offer no added benefit for weight loss in women with PCOS over conventional healthy hypocaloric diets. The findings of this meta-analysis may promote the unification of guidelines for the dietary management of PCOS and allow clinicians to be confident in prescribing conventional healthy hypocaloric diets for weight loss amongst their PCOS patients.
A 10:4 MUX and 4:10 DEMUX Gearbox LSI for 100-Gigabit Ethernet Link (2011)

The first CMOS “gearbox LSI” based on 65-nm CMOS technology—namely, a 2-W 100-Gigabit-Ethernet gearbox LSI combining a 10:4 multiplexer and a 4:10 demultiplexer—was developed. Its power dissipation is 75% lower than that of a conventional SiGe-based gearbox LSI. To develop this low-power gearbox LSI, the power dissipation of its 25-Gb/s interface is decreased to 14 mW/Gb/s by three circuit schemes: maximizing the use of CMOS circuits, adopting a low-power circuit architecture for a current-mode-logic (CML) circuit, and minimizing clock distribution by using a flip-flop with a single-clock operation and a PLL with phase rotation for each channel. The 25-Gb/s interface in the LSI provides a transmitter output with sufficient eye opening and achieved minimum input sensitivity of 34.4-mV (peak-to-peak).
Isochoric pVT and Phase Equilibrium Measurements for Carbon Dioxide + Nitrogen (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsochoric pVT and Phase Equilibrium Measurements for Carbon Dioxide + NitrogenHoracio A. Duarte-Garza, James C. Holste, Kenneth R. Hall, Kenneth N. Marsh, and Bruce E. GammonCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1995, 40, 3, 704–711Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00019a038https://doi.org/10.1021/je00019a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Channel potential and channel width in narrow buried-channel MOSFET's (1984)

A new method is described for determining the effective width over which incremental charge spreads in a narrow buried-channel transistor. The method is based on the transconductance in the buried-channel mode. Experimental results for effective widths and channel potential shifts are presented for MOSFET's with effective channel widths from 2 to 10 µm. Two-dimensional numerical calculations verify the experimental results.
On the Crucial Importance of the pH for the Formation and Self-Stabilization of Protein Microgels and Strands (2011)

Stable suspensions of protein microgels are formed by heating salt-free β-lactoglobulin solutions at concentrations up to about C = 50 g·L–1 if the pH is set within a narrow range between 5.75 and 6.1. The internal protein concentration of these spherical particles is about 150 g·L–1 and the average hydrodynamic radius decreases with increasing pH from 200 to 75 nm. The formation of the microgels leads to an increase of the pH, which is a necessary condition to obtain stable suspensions. The spontaneous increase of the pH during microgel formation leads to an increase of their surface charge density and inhibits secondary aggregation. This self-stabilization mechanism is not sufficient if the initial pH is below 5.75 in which case secondary aggregation leads to precipitation. Microgels are no longer formed above a critical initial pH, but instead short, curved protein strands are obtained with a hydrodynamic radius of about 15–20 nm.
Formation and Reactivity of [Au( 13CN)4 (-)], [Au( 13CN)3Cl(-)] and[Au( 13CN)3(SR)(-)] Studied by  13C NMR Spectroscopy (1994)

Au(CN)2is generated from gold(I) complexes and thiocyanate dtring the oxidative burst. 1 Au(CN)2 can be also oxidized to gold(Ill) under similar conditions. Thus, it is of Interest to examine the chemistry of Au(CN)4-, the gold(Ill), complex of cyanide.
Direct Conversion of Metal Acetylacetonates and Metal Organic Acid Salts into Metal Oxides Thin Films Using Coating Photolysis Process with An ArF Excimer Laser (1999)

Metal oxide films of TiO 2 , In 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , ZnO, SnO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 have been successfully prepared by the coating photolysis process using ArF excimer laser irradiation at room temperature. When using metal acetylacetonates (acac) as the starting material, TiO 2 , In 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 were obtained with ArF laser irradiation at 50 mJ/cm 2 at a repetition rate of 5 Hz for 5 min. When using Zn-acac, Fe, Sn, or In 2-ethylhexanoate as the starting material, a two-step process consisting of preliminary weak and sufficiently strong irradiation was found to be effective for obtaining ZnO, Fe 2 O 3 , SnO 2 and In 2 O 3 films.
Development of a Mobile Platform for Field-Based High-Throughput Wheat Phenotyping (2021)

Designing and implementing an affordable High-Throughput Phenotyping Platform (HTPP) for monitoring crops’ features in different stages of their growth can provide valuable information for crop-breeders to study possible correlation between genotypes and phenotypes. Conducting automatic field measurements can improve crop productions. In this research, we have focused on development of a mechatronic system, hardware and software, for a mobile, field-based HTPP for autonomous crop monitoring for wheat field. The system can measure canopy’s height, temperature, and vegetation indices and is able to take high quality photos of crops. The system includes. developed software for data and image acquisition. The main contribution of this study is autonomous, reliable, and fast data collection for wheat and similar crops.
Swelling, viscosity and static-mechanical behaviour of polyester composites based on hybrid filler system (2001)

Swelling and static-mechanical properties of fly ash/mica hybrid reinforced unsaturated polyester composites in cured state have been discussed with special reference to the effect of loading composition, nature of filler surfaces and surface treatment of fillers. Processing behaviour of the composites in uncured state was determined through the viscosity measurements. In terms of swelling behaviour of the composites, silanization of fly ash and mica surfaces causes a significant decrease in swelling compared to unsilanized counterparts. In cured state, addition of mica into fly ash polyester composition causes increase in tensile properties.
Autosomal albino chicken mutation (ca/ca) deletes hexanucleotide (-ΔGACTGG817) at a copper-binding site of the tyrosinase gene (2000)

We compared tyrosinase cDNA sequences from a line of autosomal albino and Black Silky chickens isolated from cultured melanocytes by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both sources produce a single DNA fragment of predicted normal tyrosinase size. Direct sequencing of the PCR product showed three mutated sites in the tyrosinase gene of the albino chicken. Two silent point mutations and a deletion of six nucleotides (-deltaGACTGG) at 817 bp in the tyrosinase cDNA sequence were observed when compared with the White Leghorn and Black Silky cDNA sequences. The deduced albino chicken tyrosinase protein lacks two amino acids, aspartic acid and tryptophan. The position of these amino acids is consistent with one of the potential copper-binding sites that should be indispensable for function of the enzyme. We speculate that the six-base deletion is responsible for the inactive tyrosinase in this line of albino chickens.
Polymeric Phospholipid Analogs. XV. Polyacrylamides Containing Phosphatidyl Cholines (1986)

Abstract p-Acryloylaminophenyl-2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl phosphate, p-methacryloylaminophenyl-2- (trimethylammonium)ethyl phosphate, and p-methacryloylbenzoylaminophenyl-2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl phosphate were prepared, characterized, and polymerized with 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). The properties of the resultant polymers are described.
Substrate‐Controlled Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Primary and Secondary Diorganozinc Reagents by a Hydroboration/Boron–Zinc Exchange Sequence (2003)

The scope of substrate-controlled diastereoselective hydroborations can be considerably enhanced by a boron-zinc exchange reaction, providing organozinc derivatives that react with a broad range of electrophiles. Even normally unreactive boronic esters, obtained by Rh-catalyzed hydroboration with catecholborane, react readily with iPr2Zn providing the corresponding zinc reagents in high diastereoselectivity.
Gambling and problem gambling among clients, and staff attitudes, in an alcohol and drug problems treatment service in the English Midlands (2003)

A self-completion questionnaire containing items about recent gambling and problem gambling used in the British Gambling Prevalence Survey (BGPS) was completed by 274 clients of alcohol and drug problems services in the English West Midlands. Compared to BGPS data, matched to the client sample for age and sex, clients were significantly more likely in the previous 12 months to have engaged in forms of gambling carrying a high risk of problems, to have engaged in four or more separate forms of gambling, and to have scores on a brief form of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) indicating problem gambling. A self-completion scale on attitudes towards working with problem gamblers, with good psychometric properties according to present data, was completed by 91 members of staff of the same services. With the exception of a sub-scale measuring perceived adequacy of knowledge and skills for working with problem gamblers, staff expressed moderately positive attitudes. It is concluded that British substance misuse services are appropriate locations for the development of services for problem gambling.
Volume plasmon ejection of ions in pulsed ultraviolet laser induced desorption from several metals (2009)

A study of pulsed UV laser induced desorption (LID) at 248 nm has been performed on several single-crystal metal samples: Al(111), W(100), and Ni(111). It has been found that for each sample the kinetic-energy distribution of the desorbed ions is sharply peaked at the volume plasmon energy. The acceleration of an ion through interaction with an electromagnetic wave at the surface of a conductor provides unambiguous evidence that volume plasmons are excited in the metal samples during these LID experiments. Our data indicate that the pulsed UV laser photons can excite volume plasmons in the metal sample with quantum energies three or more times the energy of a single photon. This experimental observation provides strong support for the notion that volume plasmons can play an important role in laser-surface interactions, and a few of the implications of this notion are discussed.