gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amino alcohol and amino sugar synthesis by benzoylcarbamate cyclization (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmino alcohol and amino sugar synthesis by benzoylcarbamate cyclizationSpencer Knapp, Paivi J. Kukkola, Shashi Sharma, T. G. Murali Dhar, and Andrew B. J. NaughtonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 22, 5700–5710Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00309a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1337Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Free-volume characteristics of epoxies (1992)

Positron annihilation spectroscopy has been used to measure free-volume characteristics of selected epoxies. Fluorene resins, a new family of high-temperature thermosetting resins, were selected as the test medium. Experimental results indicate that the free-volume cell size V f varies with the molecular weight between the cross-links M c according to an equation of the form V f = AM B c , where A and B are structural constants. In two of the samples, the concentration of bulky fluorene groups was increased in the network backbone by replacement of some of the conventional bisphenol A epoxy resin with fluorene-derived epoxy resin. This resulted in an increase in their glass transition temperature for a given level of cross-linking. It has been found that in these samples, the Doppler broadening of the annihilation peak decreases with the increasing fluorene content, presumably due to enhanced damping of the chain motions.
A Model for Graded Retinal Ischemia in Rats (2018)

This model will allow improved understanding of retinal ischemic injury and enable better management of this common, sight-threatening affliction.
Smart Sensor Systems for Wearable Electronic Devices (2017)

Wearable human interaction devices are technologies with various applications for improving human comfort, convenience and security and for monitoring health conditions. Healthcare monitoring includes caring for the welfare of every person, which includes early diagnosis of diseases, real-time monitoring of the effects of treatment, therapy, and the general monitoring of the conditions of people's health. As a result, wearable electronic devices are receiving greater attention because of their facile interaction with the human body, such as monitoring heart rate, wrist pulse, motion, blood pressure, intraocular pressure, and other health-related conditions. In this paper, various smart sensors and wireless systems are reviewed, the current state of research related to such systems is reported, and their detection mechanisms are compared. Our focus was limited to wearable and attachable sensors. Section 1 presents the various smart sensors. In Section 2, we describe multiplexed sensors that can monitor several physiological signals simultaneously. Section 3 provides a discussion about short-range wireless systems including bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), and resonance antenna systems for wearable electronic devices.
Low Circulating Natural Killer Cell Counts are Associated With Severe Disease in Patients With Common Variable Immunodeficiency (2016)

Natural Killer (NK) cells have been shown to exert antiviral and antitumoural activities. Nevertheless most available data are derived from mouse models and functions of these cells in human remain unclear. To evaluate the impact of low circulating NK cell counts and to provide some clues to the role of NK cells in natural conditions, we studied a large cohort of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) included in a multicenter cohort of patients with primary hypogammaglobulinaemia. Patients were classified into three groups on the basis of their NK cell counts: severe and mild NK cell lymphopenia (<50 and 50-99×10(6)/L respectively), and normal NK cell counts (>100×10(6)/L). Clinical events were analyzed and compared between these three groups of patients. During study period, 457 CVID patients were included: 99 (21.7%) with severe NK cell lymphopenia, 118 (25.8%) with mild NK cell lymphopenia and 240 (52.5%) with normal NK cell counts. Non-infectious complications (57% vs. 36% and 35%), and, particularly, granulomatous complications (25.3% vs. 13.6% and 8.8%), were more frequent in patients with severe NK cell lymphopenia than in other groups. Invasive infections (68.7% vs. 60.2% and 48.8%), including bacteraemia (22.2% vs. 5.9% and 8.3%) and infectious pneumonia (63.6% vs. 59.3% and 44.2%), were also more frequent in this population. However, no difference was observed for viral infections and neoplasms. Low circulating NK cell counts are associated with more severe phenotypes of CVID, which may indicate a protective role of these immune cells against severe bacterial infections and other complications and non-redundant immune functions when the adaptive immune response is not optimal.
Reference genome-assisted identification of stem rust resistance gene Sr62 encoding a tandem kinase (2021)

Abstract The wild relatives and progenitors of wheat have been widely used as sources of disease resistance ( R ) genes. Molecular identification and characterization of these R genes facilitates their manipulation and tracking in breeding programmes. We developed a reference-quality genome assembly of the wild diploid wheat relative Aegilops sharonensis and used positional mapping, mutagenesis, RNA-Seq and transgenesis to identify the stem rust resistance gene Sr62 , which was also transferred to common wheat. This gene encodes a tandem kinase, homologues of which exist across multiple taxa in the plant kingdom. Stable Sr62 transgenic wheat lines showed high levels of resistance against diverse isolates of the stem rust pathogen, highlighting the utility of Sr62 for deployment as part of a polygenic stack to maximize the durability of stem rust resistance.
<title>GaAs/AlGaAs narrow-bandwidth in-line fiber filter</title> (1999)

A GaAs/AlGaAs in-line fiber optic filter for wavelength division multiplexing applications is demonstrated. The device consists of a GaAs/AlGaAs anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) evanescently coupled to a single mode fiber. At certain discrete wavelengths, light is coupled from the fiber to the ARROW, due to phasematching conditions. Sharp resonances are observed around the design wavelength of 830 nm. The 3 dB cutoff bandwidth for TE polarization is 0.5 nm and the rejection ratio is 9 dB.
Dielectric measurements on substrate materials at microwave frequencies using a cavity perturbation technique (1988)

A cavity perturbation resonance technique suitable for microwave measurements on substrate materials is discussed. The technique makes use of thin rectangular samples placed in a rectangular waveguide cavity (Q∼5000). The availability of advanced microwave measurement equipment makes it possible to record experimental data at several frequencies (five in this present case). The estimated accuracy of measurements is ±2% for dielectric constant and 3×10−4 for dielectric loss. Results are reported in the 8.2–12.4-GHz frequency range for alumina and specially prepared silica.
Adipose Tissue ‐ Vasculature Interactions (2015)

Obesity and metabolic dysfunction diminish lifespan, predominantly by increasing the frequency and severity of vascular diseases. It is becoming increasingly recognized that obesity contributes to cardio-metabolic disease because it promotes the development of a chronic and systemic inflammatory state. Key to the development of this inflammatory state is the status of multiple bioactive substances, referred to as adipokines, that are secreted by adipose tissues. In lean, healthy organisms, adipose tissue produces anti-inflammatory adipokines that serve to protect the vasculature from stresses. Under conditions of obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional and produces a pro-inflammatory repertoire of adipokines that contribute to vascular diseases. In addition to the influence that adipokines have on vascular function, it is also appreciated that adipose tissue vascularity influences adipose tissue function. Recent studies have shown that brown adipose tissue is particularly sensitive to perturbations in its vascular supply. Compared to white adipose tissue that functions to store fat (and is most often associated with obesity), brown adipose tissue possesses abundant mitochondria that consumes fat to produce heat through uncoupled respiration. Recent work has shown that overnutrition leads to the dysfunction of brown adipose tissue, giving it a “whitened” appearance, via a collapse of VEGF-dependent angiogenesis. These findings highlight the important interplay between the adipose tissue and the vasculature that is mediated by adipokines and angiogenic growth factors.
Microscopic processes during ultrafast laser generation of Frenkel defects in diamond (2021)

Engineering single atomic defects into wide-band-gap materials has become an attractive field in recent years due to emerging applications such as solid-state quantum bits and sensors. The simplest atomic-scale defect is the lattice vacancy, which is often a constituent part of more complex defects such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, therefore an understanding of the formation mechanisms and precision engineering of vacancies is desirable. We present a theoretical and experimental study into the ultrafast laser generation of vacancy-interstitial pairs (Frenkel defects) in diamond. In a range of other materials, Frenkel defect formation has previously been linked to the recombination of laser generated excitonic states, however the mechanism in diamond is currently unknown and to date no quantitative agreement has been found between experiment and theory. Here, we find that a model for Frenkel defect generation via the recombination of a bound biexciton as the electron plasma cools provides good agreement with experimental data. The process is described by a set of coupled rate equations of the pulsed laser interaction with the material and of the non-equilibrium dynamics of charge carriers during and in the wake of the pulse.
Measurement of charged-particle event shape variables in inclusive(s)=7  TeVproton-proton interactions with the ATLAS detector (2013)

The measurement of charged-particle event shape variables is presented in inclusive inelastic pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The observables studied are the transverse thrust, thrust minor, and transverse sphericity, each defined using the final-state charged particles' momentum components perpendicular to the beam direction. Events with at least six charged particles are selected by a minimum-bias trigger. In addition to the differential distributions, the evolution of each event shape variable as a function of the leading charged-particle transverse momentum, charged-particle multiplicity, and summed transverse momentum is presented. Predictions from several Monte Carlo models show significant deviations from data.
Cytidine deaminase regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells (2022)

ABSTRACT Despite tremendous efforts from the scientific community, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still a deadly disease and will soon become the second cause of death by cancer worldwide 1 . When surgery is not possible, therapeutic options are few and ineffective 2 . Patients are most often treated with Folfirinox or gemcitabine chemotherapy, that extends survival in weeks to months. Cytidine deaminase (CDA) catalyzes the irreversible hydrolytic deamination of cytidine and deoxycytidine to uridine and deoxyuridine to fuel RNA and DNA synthesis 3 . CDA also deaminates and neutralizes deoxycytidine-based therapies, and as such, has been identified as a major contributor of tumor chemoresistance, especially to gemcitabine in PDAC 3 . We previously identified that CDA is elevated in PDAC tumors at diagnosis and that CDA exerts an unexpected role on DNA replication that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention 4 . Very recently, CDA was associated with cellular metabolism 5 . Here, we show that CDA promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation independently of its deaminase activity. This uncloaks novel therapeutic vulnerabilities in primary cancer cells that overexpress this protein. This study shines a new light on the tumoral potential of CDA in PDAC.
Ascending-Ramp Biphasic Waveform Has a Lower Defibrillation Threshold and Releases Less Troponin I Than a Truncated Exponential Biphasic Waveform (2012)

The ascending ramp has a significantly lower defibrillation threshold and at ≈30 J causes 58% less troponin I release than the truncated exponential biphasic shock. Therefore, the shock waveform affects both the defibrillation threshold and the amount of cardiac damage.
Technological Advancements in Liquid Handling Robotics (2001)

By Maria E. DiLorenzo, Conal F. Timoney, and Robin A. Felder, Ph.D., University of Virginia The Hamilton Company has served the scientific community for nearly 50 years, providing innovation in precision liquid handling technology. Founded on analytical syringe technology, Hamilton has diversified its expertise and technology to encompass semiautomated and fully automated liquid handling instrumentation. Hamilton was the first to provide microliter syringe technology and later pioneered the first Cartesian laboratory robotics. Hamilton's innovation and advancement stem from worldclass engineering and manufacturing facilities in Reno, Nevada and Bonaduz, Switzerland. Both facilities are committed to detail, quality, and service, earning Hamilton ISO-9001 certification. There is a new energy at Hamilton with the introduction of three new products to the robotics market. Each offers improved design and new technologies for more reliable and usable automation. The new MICRO LAB STAR (Figure 1), Hamilton's flagship liquid handling platform, was introduced to the American market in January at LabAutomation2001 in Palm Springs, California. Figure 1. The new MICROLAB STAR. The STAR is an automated liquid handler featuring several new technologies including the patented CO-RE technology, Dynamic Positioning System, and Monitored Air Displacement pipetting.
Ultra-compact swept-source optical coherence tomography handheld probe with motorized focus adjustment (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems facilitate imaging of young children, bedridden subjects, and those with less stable fixation. Smaller and lighter OCT probes allow for more efficient imaging and reduced operator fatigue, which is critical for prolonged use in either the operating room or neonatal intensive care unit. In addition to size and weight, the imaging speed, image quality, field of view, resolution, and focus correction capability are critical parameters that determine the clinical utility of a handheld probe. Here, we describe an ultra-compact swept source (SS) OCT handheld probe weighing only 211 g (half the weight of the next lightest handheld SSOCT probe in the literature) with 20.1 µm lateral resolution, 7 µm axial resolution, 102 dB peak sensitivity, a 27° x 23° field of view, and motorized focus adjustment for refraction correction between -10 to +16 D. A 2D microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner, a converging beam-at-scanner telescope configuration, and an optical design employing 6 different custom optics were used to minimize device size and weight while achieving diffraction limited performance throughout the system’s field of view. Custom graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated software was used to provide real-time display of OCT B-scans and volumes. Retinal images were acquired from adult volunteers to demonstrate imaging performance.
Flexural/Tensile Strength Ratio in Engineered Cementitious Composites (1994)

Peer Reviewed
P29: Snore Vibro-acoustic Platelet Activation: A Thrombotic Risk Factor in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023)

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease state with prevalence in the U.S. of near 25%. of the population, characterized by snoring and apnea. Beyond intermittent hypoxemia, OSA imparts increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke (CVA), both driven by thrombosis and thromboembolism. Central in thrombosis is platelet activation, traditionally felt to driven by biochemical agonists. We explored the possibility that mechanical vibration generated by OSA snore is also a driver of platelet activation. We hypothesized that OSA snore frequency components induce vibration capable of platelet activation. Here we characterized 1. the frequency content of OSA snore and 2. the effect of specific frequencies ranges on platelet activation, and 3. the optoacoustic vibration pattern generated by snore frequency components. Methods: Snore from OSA patients was recorded in a sleep lab. A snore emulator device (speaker platform) was constructed allowing exposure of human gel filtered platelets to snore via placement on a stage transmitting sound and associated vibration, at clinical sound intensity. Snore was analyzed as to sound frequency content. Gel filtered platelet were exposed to snore sound bandwidths (100 – 1000 Hz.) for 40 min (identical intensities) with activation assessed by thrombin generation (PAS assay). Snore vibration was characterized via assessment of optoacoustic fluid wave patterns generated. Results: OSA snore vibration led to definitive platelet activation. Notably, low frequency snore bandwidths induced greater degrees of activation than high frequency exposure - 53.26% activation at 300 hz vs. 13.44% at 900 hz. (Fig. 1a). Low frequency bandwidths induced noticeably greater fluid oscillation than high frequency bandwidth exposure. (Fig. 1b). Conclusion: OSA snore is capable of inducing vibrations which impart adequate mechanical energy to fluid to induce platelet activation. Within snore, specific frequency bandwidths, i.e. low frequencies, appear to be more activating than others. Correlating with platelet activation is detectable visual fluid disturbance which may be characterized via opto-acoustic patterns. Modulation of sound and vibration associated with OSA snore may offer opportunity as a means of limiting thrombotic consequences and adverse events associated with OSA.
IBRUTINIB IN ASSOCIATION WITH R‐DHAP/OX FOR PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY B‐CELL LYMPHOMA: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE BIBLOS PHASE IB LYSA STUDY (2017)

Introduction: Ibrutinib (Ibru), an inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, is efficient, in monotherapy, for treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) mantle cells lymphoma and R/R chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Wang, 2013). The safety and activity of Ibru in combination with R-CHOP or R-Benda has also been evaluated (Younes, 2014; Maddocks 2015). We conducted a phase Ib study to assess of the safety of ibru associated with R-DHAP or R-DHAOx for patients (pts), with R/R B-cell lymphoma candidates for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Methods: Pts were planned to receive 3 cycles, every 21 days, of rituximab, dexamethasone, cytarabine and cisplatin (R-DHAP) or oxaliplatin (R-DHAOx) in association with escalating doses of ibru given on D1 to D21. Dose level (DL) 1 was 420 mg/day. The dose-variation scheme followed a “3 + 3” design (DL-1: 280 mg/day; DL2: 560 mg/day). Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTdefined as: non-hematological toxicity grade (Gr) 3–4 excluding alopecia, diarrhea and/or nausea/vomiting and/or fatigue/asthenia for <7 days, any Gr ≥ 2 hemorrhagic events, any Gr ≥ 1 intracranial hemorrhage and any Gr ≥ 4 hematological toxicity >7 days) were considered during the first cycle. DLT. Results: Between 05/14 and 07/15, 25 pts were treated (R-DHAP: 13, 1 non evaluable; R-DHAOx: 12). In the DL1 cohort, DLTs related to ibru were observed in 3/6 pts receiving R-DHAOx (Gr3 cutaneous eruption, Gr3 febrile neutropenia and infection, Gr4 thrombocytopenia) and in 3/6 pts receiving R-DHAP (Gr4 cutaneous eruption, Gr4 thrombocytopenia and Gr4 sepsis). A total of 13 pts were treated at DL-1 with 1 pt experiencing DLT in each cohort (R-DHAP group: Gr4 thrombocytopenia and Gr4 gastric hemorrhage, Gr3 atrial fibrillation; R-DHAOx group: Gr3 epigastric pain). 6 (50%) pts treated with ibru at the dose of 420 mg and 10 (77%) of those treated at the dose of 280 mg received more than 80% of the planned dose. All pts experienced ≥1 adverse events (AE) and Gr3–4 hematological AEs (neutropenia: 17 pts; thrombocytopenia: 25 pts). Overall, 3 pts presented serious hemorrhagic AE, 4 developed cutaneous eruptions. 1 died (cardiac toxicityassessed as unrelated to ibru). Ibru was discontinued in 9 pts (7 for toxicities or DLTs, and 2 due to pt's decision). Response to treatment was evaluable in 16 pts (64%) and14 responded to the treatment (8 (50%) CR and 6 (37%) PR. Stem cells were harvested in 16 pts and all of them underwent ASCT (CD34+ cells >3.0 × 106/kg in 94% of the collected pts after 1 sole apheresis). Conclusions: Preliminary results show that the R-DHAP/Ox plus ibru. (given from D1 to D21) regimen led to several DLTs. Since underdosing (280 mg) might not optimal to achieve an optimal response, a new dose escalation phase with ibru given only from D5 to D18 with pharmacokinetics analyses was performed. The results of this will be presented. Expansion phase will open for inclusion in a few weeks. Keywords: autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT); B-cell lymphoma; ibrutinib.
Stroboscopic Schlieren Study of Bubble Formation during Megasonic Agitation (2012)

An important problem in megasonic cleaning is the nucleation process of bubbles, which act as the cleaning agents. A fundamental understanding of this nucleation process will help to optimize the cleaning parameters for future applications to achieve damage free cleaning. In this work, we use quantitative stroboscopic Schlieren imaging to study the interaction of nucleating bubbles with a travelling acoustic wave. The advantage of this method is that it is non-interfering, meaning that it does not disturb the bubble nucleation. It is revealed that nucleation mechanism is a 2 step process, where a regime of slow bubble growth due to rectified diffusion is subsequently followed by a transient cavitation cycle, where bubbles grow explosively. The latter is accompanied by broadband acoustic emission and enhanced thermal dissipation, leading to the occurrence of thermal convection visible in the Schlieren images.