gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Strength of Copper-Silicon Interface of Planar Metallization Power Modules (2008)

Planar metallization interconnection is an advanced approach to power module packaging. One advantage of this approach is the ability to interconnect a large number of small devices without wirebonds. The structure consists of multiple layers of dissimilar materials including, copper, kapton, silicon, direct bonded copper (DBC) and solder die attach. When subjected to power or thermal cycling, the difference in thermal expansion of the various layers causes interlaminar stresses and risk of delamination. In particular, potential high risk regions include the interface where plated copper vias make electrical connection to the silicon semiconductor device through thin adhesion and barrier metal films, because of the large CTE difference between them. This study examines the mechanical strength of this copper-silicon interface. The delamination mechanisms of a bimaterial interface can be classified into three types: opening mode, sliding mode, and twisting mode. The first two modes are explored in this study using specially designed experiments. The third mode does not contribute to thermo-mechanical stresses at the copper-silicon interface due to surrounding mechanical constraints and is not addressed. 3D finite element analysis of this via structure is combined with the above experimental results, to qualitatively assess the thermomechanical stress margins in a typical operating environment. Identification and understanding of these failure modes and mechanisms enables to better via designs for reliable operation of planar metallization power modules.
Learning Service Semantics for Self-Organization in Distributed Environments: Concepts and Research Directions (2018)

A key challenge in performing analytics in distributed environments is to automatically compose services to dynamically match operational tasks to information requirements, accounting for impact, in a many-to-many temporally and spatially complicated and complex situations. In dynamic and agile environments, such as coalition environments, the state of the network and resources cannot be completely known in advance nor controlled due to the evolving nature of the network and constraints that may preclude partners from accessing complete state information about different parts of the system. In addition, there may be requests made to the system that have not been made before, requiring services to be created on the fly. Motivated by these observations, in this paper, we present a critical analysis of gaps in the state-of-the-art and our vision to address those through novel theoretical contributions. We envision that such formalized and theorized fundamentals will enable service elements to automatically configure themselves to perform analytic tasks based on user specified goals by taking account of context-be it system or user context.
Dual quarter-wave retardation based polarization beam splitting in photonic crystal slabs (2006)

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that a photonic crystal slab with form birefringence can act as a dual quarter-wave retarder based polarizing beamsplitter, which separates an incoming wave into two orthogonal polarizations.
AAV-mediated gene transfer of a checkpoint inhibitor in combination with HER2-targeted CAR-NK cells as experimental therapy for glioblastoma (2022)

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common primary brain tumor, which is characterized by low immunogenicity of tumor cells and prevalent immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeted local combination immunotherapy is a promising strategy to overcome these obstacles. Here, we evaluated tumor-cell specific delivery of an anti-PD-1 immunoadhesin (aPD-1) via a targeted adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) as well as HER2-specific NK-92/5.28.z (anti-HER2.CAR/NK-92) cells as components for a combination immunotherapy. In co-culture experiments, target-activated anti-HER2.CAR/NK-92 cells modified surrounding tumor cells and bystander immune cells by triggering the release of inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of PD-L1. Tumor cell-specific delivery of aPD-1 was achieved by displaying a HER2-specific designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) on the AAV surface. HER2-AAV mediated gene transfer into GB cells correlated with HER2 expression levels, without inducing anti-viral responses in transduced cells. Furthermore, AAV-transduction did not interfere with anti-HER2.CAR/NK-92 cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. After selective transduction of HER2<sup>+</sup> cells, aPD-1 expression was detected at the mRNA and protein level. The aPD-1 immunoadhesin was secreted in a time-dependent manner, bound its target on PD-1-expressing cells and was able to re-activate T cells by efficiently disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Moreover, high intratumoral and low systemic aPD-1 concentrations were achieved following local injection of HER2-AAV into orthotopic tumor grafts <i>in vivo</i>. aPD-1 was selectively produced in tumor tissue and could be detected up to 10 days after a single HER2-AAV injection. In subcutaneous GL261-HER2 and Tu2449-HER2 immunocompetent mouse models, administration of the combination therapy significantly prolonged survival, including complete tumor control in several animals in the GL261-HER2 model. In summary, local therapy with aPD-1 encoding HER2-AAVs in combination with anti-HER2.CAR/NK-92 cells may be a promising novel strategy for GB immunotherapy with the potential to enhance efficacy and reduce systemic side effects of immune-checkpoint inhibitors.
Proteomic profiling reveals insights into Triticeae stigma development and function (2014)

To our knowledge, this study represents the first high-throughput characterization of a stigma proteome in the Triticeae. A total of 2184 triticale mature stigma proteins were identified using three different gel-based approaches combined with mass spectrometry. The great majority of these proteins are described in a Triticeae stigma for the first time. These results revealed many proteins likely to play important roles in stigma development and pollen-stigma interactions, as well as protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Quantitative comparison of the triticale stigma transcriptome and proteome showed poor correlation, highlighting the importance of having both types of analysis. This work makes a significant contribution towards the elucidation of the Triticeae stigma proteome and provides novel insights into its role in stigma development and function.
Effect of removing Kupffer cells on nanoparticle tumor delivery (2017)

A recent metaanalysis shows that 0.7% of nanoparticles are delivered to solid tumors. This low delivery efficiency has major implications in the translation of cancer nanomedicines, as most of the nanomedicines are sequestered by nontumor cells. To improve the delivery efficiency, there is a need to investigate the quantitative contribution of each organ in blocking the transport of nanoparticles to solid tumors. Here, we hypothesize that the removal of the liver macrophages, cells that have been reported to take up the largest amount of circulating nanoparticles, would lead to a significant increase in the nanoparticle delivery efficiency to solid tumors. We were surprised to discover that the maximum achievable delivery efficiency was only 2%. In our analysis, there was a clear correlation between particle design, chemical composition, macrophage depletion, tumor pathophysiology, and tumor delivery efficiency. In many cases, we observed an 18-150 times greater delivery efficiency, but we were not able to achieve a delivery efficiency higher than 2%. The results suggest the need to look deeper at other organs such as the spleen, lymph nodes, and tumor in mediating the delivery process. Systematically mapping the contribution of each organ quantitatively will allow us to pinpoint the cause of the low tumor delivery efficiency. This, in effect, enables the generation of a rational strategy to improve the delivery efficiency of nanoparticles to solid tumors either through the engineering of multifunctional nanosystems or through manipulation of biological barriers.
Scalable, Adaptive Streaming for Nonlinear Media (2007)

Streaming linear media objects has become ubiquitous on today's Internet. Interactive, nonlinear media objects, such as large 3D models and visualization databases, have proven difficult to stream. The channel set adaptation (CSA) framework lets clients request custom data flows for interactive applications using standard broadcast or multicast join and leave operations. CSA scales to support large user groups while providing interactive data access to clients.
Trop2 is a driver of metastatic prostate cancer with neuroendocrine phenotype via PARP1 (2020)

Resistance to androgen deprivation therapy, or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), is often accompanied by metastasis and is currently the ultimate cause of prostate cancer-associated deaths in men. Recently, secondary hormonal therapies have led to an increase of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a highly aggressive variant of CRPC. Here, we identify that high levels of cell surface receptor Trop2 are predictive of recurrence of localized prostate cancer. Moreover, Trop2 is significantly elevated in CRPC and NEPC, drives prostate cancer growth, and induces neuroendocrine phenotype. Overexpression of Trop2 induces tumor growth and metastasis while loss of Trop2 suppresses these abilities in vivo. Trop2-driven NEPC displays a significant up-regulation of PARP1, and PARP inhibitors significantly delay tumor growth and metastatic colonization and reverse neuroendocrine features in Trop2-driven NEPC. Our findings establish Trop2 as a driver and therapeutic target for metastatic prostate cancer with neuroendocrine phenotype and suggest that high Trop2 levels could identify cancers that are sensitive to Trop2-targeting therapies and PARP1 inhibition.
Discovery of a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Tool Compound for Probing the Role of Lysophosphatidic Acid Type 2 Receptor Antagonists in Fibrotic Disorders (2023)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease characterized by lung fibrosis leading to an irreversible decline of lung function. Current antifibrotic drugs on the market slow down but do not prevent the progression of the disease and are associated with tolerability issues. The involvement of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 (LPA<sub>2</sub>) in IPF is supported by LPA<sub>2</sub> knockdown studies. To further validate the role of LPA<sub>2</sub> receptors in modulating IPF and potentially other fibrotic processes, a potent and selective LPA<sub>2</sub> receptor antagonist with a good pharmacokinetic (PK) profile is needed. Herein, we report the medicinal chemistry exploration that led to the discovery of a new class of highly potent and selective LPA<sub>2</sub> antagonists. Among them, compound <b>58</b> exhibits excellent potency, selectivity, and oral PK profile, making it a suitable tool for probing the involvement of LPA<sub>2</sub> receptors in IPF and other fibrotic processes.
Size Change of Very Fine Silver Agglomerates by Sintering in a Heated Flow. (1994)

The size change of silver agglomerate particles with diameters ≤100 mm during sintering is investigated. The growth rate of primary particles due to partial coalescence within an agglomerate is first derived based on a sintering theory. In the experiment, silver agglomerates uniform in electrical mobility-equivalent diameter are introduced into a heating pipe with N2 gas flow. The size changes of the agglomerates are measured using an aerosol technique. Agglomerates heated up to about 500 K (about 0.4 of the melting point) decrease steeply in size with temperature. The agglomerates which have fused into single particles begin to evaporate at a temperature >900 K. The measured change in diameter with temperature agree well with theoretical calculations in which suppression of sintering due to primary particle growth is taken into account.
Measurement of charged jet production cross sections and nuclear modification in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV (2015)

Charged jet production cross sections in p-Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. Using the anti-k T algorithm, jets have been reconstructed in the central rapidity region from charged particles with resolution parameters R = 0.2 and R = 0.4. The reconstructed jets have been corrected for detector effects and the underlying event background. To calculate the nuclear modification factor, R pPb , of charged jets in p-Pb collisions, a pp reference was constructed by scaling previously measured charged jet spectra at s = 7 TeV. In the transverse momentum range 20 p T, ch jet 120 GeV/c, R pPb is found to be consistent with unity, indicating the absence of strong nuclear matter effects on jet production. Major modifications to the radial jet structure are probed via the ratio of jet production cross sections reconstructed with the two different resolution parameters. This ratio is found to be similar to the measurement in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV and to the expectations from PYTHIA pp simulations and NLO pQCD calculations at s NN = 5.02 TeV.
Sudden death and its risk factors after atrioventricular junction ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with atrial fibrillation (2016)

Dilated cardiomyopathy, mitral stenosis, and baseline QRS morphology should be examined as potential risk factors for SD after AVJ ablation and pacemaker implantation.
Meeting Report for Mobile DNA 2010 (2010)

An international conference on mobile DNA was held 24-28 April 2010 in Montreal, Canada. Sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology, the conference's goal was to bring together researchers from around the world who study transposition in diverse organisms using multiple experimental approaches. The meeting drew over 190 attendees and most contributed through poster presentations, invited talks and short talks selected from poster abstracts. The talks were organized into eight scientific sessions, which ranged in topic from the evolutionary dynamics of mobile genetic elements to transposition reaction mechanisms. Here we present highlights from the platform sessions with a focus on talks presented by the invited speakers.
Future of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies (2002)

A better appreciation of how MAbs are metabolized in the body and localized to tumors is resulting in the development of new antibody constructs with improved biodistribution profiles.
Predictive Models for Functional MRI Data (2020)

In this study, we analyze brain activity data describing functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging of 820 subjects with each subject being scanned at 4 different times. This multiple scanning gives us an opportunity to observe the consistency of imaging characteristics within the subjects as compared to the variability across the subjects. The most consistent characteristics are then used for the purpose of predicting subjects’ traits. We concentrate on four predictive methods (Regression, Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis and Random Forest) in order to predict subjects’ traits such as gender and age based on the brain activities observed between brain regions. Those predictions are done based on the adjusted communication activity among the brain regions, as assessed from 4 scans of each subject. Due to a large number of such communications among the 116 brain regions, we performed a preliminary selection of the most promising pairs of brain regions. Logistic Regression performed best in classifying the subject gender based on communication activity among the brain regions. The accuracy rate was 85.6 percent for an AIC step-wise selected Logistic Regression model. On the other hand, the Logistic Regression model maintaining the entire set of ranked predictor was capable of getting an 87.7 percent accuracy rate. It is interesting to point out that the model with the AIC selected features was better classifying males, whereas the complete ranked model was better classifying females. The Random Forest technique performed best for prediction of age (grouped within five categories as provided by the original data) with 48.8 percent accuracy rate. Any set of predictors between 200 and 1600 was presenting similar rates of accuracy.
Optical imaging system designed for biomolecule detection using photonic crystal membranes (2012)

We have built an optical microscope for a new biosensor application, incorporating a 2D photonic crystal membrane enabling detection of particles with a radius less than 50 nm. The microscope has been characterized experimentally.
Environmental radiation impact on lifetimes and quasiparticle tunneling rates of fixed-frequency transmon qubits (2022)

Quantum computing relies on the operation of qubits in an environment as free of noise as possible. Assessing the quality of this environment is a key aspect of ensuring high-fidelity implementations based on superconducting qubits. Relaxation, decoherence, dephasing, and quasiparticle tunneling rates have been measured for various shielding configurations used in the measurement environment for state-of-the-art transmon qubits. An ensemble of approximately 120 control devices was used for this study, with five different capacitor pad designs. The shielding elements varied in the configuration included an indium gasket at the qubit can's lid, Cryoperm magnetic shielding, the mixing chamber shield of the dilution refrigerator, the inclusion of a vacuum pump-out port, and capping unused subminiature version A connectors at the top of the measurement can's lid. It was found that the qubit lifetimes T1, T2, and Tϕ are robust to the all of configuration changes tried until the mixing chamber shield was removed, significantly increasing blackbody radiation levels in the qubit measurement space, where in that limit it was found that tapering the qubit pads reduced the amount of loss. In contrast, the quasiparticle tunneling rates were found to be extremely sensitive to all configuration changes tested. Consistent with earlier reports [McEwen et al., arXiv:2104.05219 (2021); Cardani et al., Nat. Commun. 12, 2733 (2021); Wilen et al., Nature 594, 369–373 (2021); Ristè et al. Nat. Commun. 4, 1913 (2013)], the findings from this study indicate that non-equilibrium quasiparticles do not currently limit the lifetimes of well-shielded transmon qubits.
Repeatability of Quantitative Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Estimating Pseudo-Intracellular Sodium Concentration and Pseudo-Extracellular Volume Fraction in Brain at 3 T (2015)

The purpose of this study is to assess the repeatability of the quantification of pseudo-intracellular sodium concentration (C1) and pseudo-extracellular volume fraction (α) estimated in brain in vivo using sodium magnetic resonance (MRI) at 3 T. Eleven healthy subjects were scanned twice, with two sodium MRI acquisitions (with and without fluid suppression by inversion recovery), and two double inversion recovery (DIR) proton MRI. DIR MRIs were used to create masks of gray and white matter (GM, WM), that were subsequently applied to the C1 and α maps calculated from sodium MRI and a tissue three-compartment model, in order to measure the distributions of these two parameters in GM, WM or full brain (GM+WM) separately. The mean, median, mode, standard deviation (std), skewness and kurtosis of the C1 and α distributions in whole GM, WM and full brain were calculated for each subject, averaged over all data, and used as parameters for the repeatability assessment. The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as a measure of reliability for the detection of intra-subject changes in C1 and αfor each parameter, while intraclass correlation (ICC) was used as a measure of repeatability. It was found that the CV of most of the parameters was around 10-20% (except for C1 kurtosis which is about 40%) for C1 and α measurements, and that ICC was moderate to very good (0.4 to 0.9) for C1 parameters and for some of the α parameters (mainly skewness and kurtosis). In conclusion, the proposed method could allow to reliably detect changes of 50% and above of the different measurement parameters of C1 and αin neuropathologies (multiple sclerosis, tumor, stroke, Alzheimer's disease) compared to healthy subjects, and that skewness and kurtosis of the distributions of C1 and αseem to be the more sensitive parameters to these changes.
Quantitative study of laser induced material removal mechanisms in aluminium: contributions due to vaporization, melt displacement and ejection (2006)

We report the results of a threefold investigation of nanosecond laser ablation of aluminium that permits us to isolate the relative contributions to material removal associated with vaporization, melt displacement and melt ejection. The analytical methods employed and results will be discussed.
Structure, bonding and chemistry of closo-tetraphosphorus hexabis(methylimide), P4(NCH3)6, and its derivatives. 4. Spectroscopic studies and general conclusions (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure, bonding and chemistry of closo-tetraphosphorus hexabis(methylimide), P4(NCH3)6, and its derivatives. 4. Spectroscopic studies and general conclusionsF. Albert Cotton, Jean G. Riess, and B. Ray StultsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 1, 133–136Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00143a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (544 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts