gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling and control of a tapped-inductor buck converter with pulse frequency modulation (2014)

The tapped-inductor buck (TI-buck) converter has shown to be a suitable solution for auxiliary power supply for modular multilevel converter submodules. Such application features a large step-down voltage conversion, made at relatively low output power. This converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode with zero voltage switching of the high-voltage valve. This paper treats the dynamic behaviour of the aforementioned converter. First, an average output current model of the converter is developed and a small signal model is obtained. Then, a closed-loop output voltage control, which uses the switching frequency as control variable, is designed and implemented using a microcontroller. Measurements on a down-scaled prototype shows that the control system provides a well-controlled average output voltage, which is stable under significant load variation. Finally, a solution for implementing the start-up of the converter is presented and tested.
IPv6 Router Alert Option for MPLS OAM (2014)

RFC4379 defines the MPLS LSP Ping/Traceroute mechanism, in which the
Router Alert option must be set in the IP header of the MPLS Echo
Request messages, and may conditionally be set in the IP header of the
MPLS Echo Reply messages. While a generic shall examine
packet Option Value is used for the IPv4 Router Alert Option (RAO),
there is no generic Router Alert Option Value defined for IPv6 that
can be used. This document allocates a new generic IPv6 Router Alert
Option Value that can be used by MPLS OAM tools, including the MPLS
Echo Request and MPLS Echo Reply messages for MPLS IPv6. The initial
motivation to request an IPv6 Router Alert Option (RAO) code point for
MPLS OAM comes from MPLS LSP Ping/Traceroute. However, this codepoint
is applicable to all MPLS OAM and not limited to MPLS LSP
Ping/Traceroute.
ATM-Dependent Phosphorylation of MEF2D Promotes Neuronal Survival after DNA Damage (2014)

Mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, which encodes a kinase critical for the normal DNA damage response, cause the neurodegenerative disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (AT). The substrates of ATM in the brain are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that ATM phosphorylates and activates the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), which plays a critical role in promoting survival of cerebellar granule cells. ATM associates with MEF2D after DNA damage and phosphorylates the transcription factor at four ATM consensus sites. Knockdown of endogenous MEF2D with a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) increases sensitivity to etoposide-induced DNA damage and neuronal cell death. Interestingly, substitution of endogenous MEF2D with an shRNA-resistant phosphomimetic MEF2D mutant protects cerebellar granule cells from cell death after DNA damage, whereas an shRNA-resistant nonphosphorylatable MEF2D mutant does not. In vivo, cerebella in Mef2d knock-out mice manifest increased susceptibility to DNA damage. Together, our results show that MEF2D is a substrate for phosphorylation by ATM, thus promoting survival in response to DNA damage. Moreover, dysregulation of the ATM-MEF2D pathway may contribute to neurodegeneration in AT.
EFFECTS OF PREDNISOLONE ON THE SERUM LEVEL OF GLUTAMIC OXALACETIC TRANSAMINASE IN THE WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATED RABBIT (1960)

As a supplement to a preceding study on the behavior of the values of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in animals exposed to radiotherapy, a study was made of the variation of the velues of this enzyme in rabbits after whole-body irradiation (total body dose of 800 and 1200 r) as a result of treatment with prednisolone. Modifications of the serum value of the enzyme were observed in animals exposed to 1200 r. The administration of the corticosteroid hormone, especially if given before the irradiation, causes a smaller increase in the enzyme level, at least in the first 72 hr of the study. The results and their probably pathogenic mechanisms are discussed. (tr-auth)
Power electronic components and system installation for plug-and-play residential solar PV (2014)

Photovoltaic (PV) system installations in both residential and commercial sectors have increased rapidly throughout the world in the last decade primarily because of the technical advancements and hardware cost reduction. However, challenges remain in the installation and permitting process and the cost is not yet competitive enough for mass adoption. The focus has shifted in recent years to reduce the complexities of PV system installation and streamlining the permitting process. Hardware cost reduction has likely reached limits and only way to reduce cost further is through reduction in soft costs such as installation, permitting and inspection. This paper discusses the barriers in making the PV system Plug-and-Play (PnP) for residential applications, and then, presents a smart interface concept that includes a hardware between the grid and the PV panel and a web portal to bring together all the stake holders for simpler installation and commissioning. A study to evaluate how the commercially available inverters match with the proposed concept is also presented.
79GHz-band wide field-of-view radar system performance in outdoor for pedestrian detection (2014)

This paper reports a wide field-of-view radar system design using 79 GHz millimeter-wave band for vehicular and pedestrian safety around intersections. The proposed radar system are embedded into a prototype and verified in an outdoor experiment. The verification results show that the proposed system covers the distance of 40 meters and the azimuth angle of 120° range within short budget of 100 ms, and can detect vehicles and pedestrians separately with 20 cm range and 5° angular resolution. These verification results meet the required specifications, and therefore prove the system feasibility for future automotive safety application.
Nickel vapor/butadiene matrix chemistry (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel vapor/butadiene matrix chemistryGeoffrey A. Ozin and William J. PowerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 12, 3860–3863Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50214a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50214a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The blood-brain barrier is disrupted in a mouse model of infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: amelioration by resveratrol (2012)

Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a serious complication frequently encountered in neurodegenerative disorders. Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a devastating childhood neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1) deficiency. It remains unclear whether BBB is disrupted in INCL and if so, what might be the molecular mechanism(s) of this complication. We previously reported that the Ppt1-knockout (Ppt1-KO) mice that mimic INCL manifest high levels of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Recently, it has been reported that CD4(+) T-helper 17 (T(H)17) lymphocytes may mediate BBB disruption and neuroinflammation, although the precise molecular mechanism(s) remain unclear. We sought to determine: (i) whether the BBB is disrupted in Ppt1-KO mice, (ii) if so, do T(H)17-lymphocytes underlie this complication, and (iii) how might T(H)17 lymphocytes breach the BBB. Here, we report that the BBB is disrupted in Ppt1-KO mice and that T(H)17 lymphocytes producing IL-17A mediate disruption of the BBB by stimulating production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade the tight junction proteins essential for maintaining BBB integrity. Importantly, dietary supplementation of resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring antioxidant/anti-inflammatory polyphenol, markedly reduced the levels of T(H)17 cells, IL-17A and MMPs, and elevated the levels of tight junction proteins, which improved the BBB integrity in Ppt1-KO mice. Intriguingly, we found that RSV suppressed the differentiation of CD4(+) T lymphocytes to IL-17A-positive T(H)17 cells. Our findings uncover a mechanism by which T(H)17 lymphocytes mediate BBB disruption and suggest that small molecules such as RSV that suppress T(H)17 differentiation are therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders such as INCL.
Selective gas adsorption in a microporous metal–organic framework constructed of CoII4 clusters (2009)

A porous metal-organic framework, [Co(II)(4)(micro-OH(2))(4)(MTB)(2) x (H(2)O)(4)](n) x 13nDMF x 11nH(2)O (SNU-15), has been prepared; the X-ray crystal structure reveals a CaF(2)-like structure that generates 3D channels and the desolvated solid [Co(II)(4) (micro-OH(2))(4)(MTB)(2)](n) (SNU-15') exhibits selective gas sorption properties for H(2) and O(2) gases over N(2) at 77 K, with exceptionally high O(2) density, as well as for CO(2) over CH(4) at 195 and 273 K, suggesting its potential application in gas separation processes.
Particle distribution variation on linear and circular polarization persistence in fog environments (2017)

Scattering environment conditions, such as fog, pose a challenge for many detection and surveillance active sensing operations in both ground and air platforms. For example, current autonomous vehicles rely on a range of optical sensors that are affected by degraded visual environments. Real-world fog conditions can vary widely depending on the location and environmental conditions during its creation. In our previous work we have shown benefits for increasing signal and range through scattering environments such as fog utilizing polarized light, specifically circular polarization. In this work we investigate the effect of changing fog particle sizes and distributions on polarization persistence for both circularly and linearly polarized light via simulation. We present polarization tracking Monte Carlo results for a range of realistic monodisperse particle sizes as well as varying particle size distributions as a model of scattering environments. We systematically vary the monodisperse particle size, mean particle size of a distribution, particle size distribution width, and number of distribution lobes (bi-modal), as they affect polarized light transmission through a scattering environment. We show that circular polarization signal persists better than linear polarization signal for most variations of the particle distribution parameters.
ANISOTROPIC TURBULENCE GENERATION IN TURBULENT PREMIXED FLAMES (2001)

Direct numerical simulation of a turbulent premixed flames with a single-step irreversible Arrhenius-type reaction is performed at u'/uL = 0.88, lt /δ = 15.9 and ρu/ρb = 7.53. Fully developed stationary wrinkled flames are obtained in a domain of 8 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm. Turbulent fluctuations generally increase in the flame region, but streamwise component increases more than transversal components. This results in the generation of anisotropic turbulence in the flame region. Analysis based on the Favre-averaged transport equation of turbulent kinetic energy shows that pressure gradient term and pressure work term increase turbulent kinetic energy in the flame region, while diffusion and dissipation term and velocity gradient term decrease it in the flame region. After combustion, the turbulent fluctuations of transversal components decay rapidly due to the dilatation and the increase of kinematic viscosity. However, streamwise component does not decay so much and has a value larger than before combustion. Because the stream lines are divergent where the flame is convex to the burned gas, a shear flow similar to a wake is produced in the burned gas side. It is easily supposed that a shear flow similar to a jet appears when the flame is convex to the unburned gas, These local shear flows can generate anisotropic turbulence.
Identification and characterization of immune‐focused therapeutic targets in the MODEL‐AD and TREAT‐AD consortia (2020)

Abstract Background Despite considerable efforts, the development of amyloid and tau focused therapies has thus far not yielded compelling positive results in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials. In an effort to identify and characterize additional, novel animal models and therapeutic targets for AD, the NIA has funded the Model Organism and Development and Evaluation for Late onset AD (MODEL‐AD) and the Target Enablement to Accelerate Therapy Development for AD (TREAT‐AD) consortia and many of the animal models and therapeutic targets are focused on immune pathways Method The MODEL‐AD consortium has been generating and characterizing novel animal models of late‐onset AD and performing pre‐clinical testing in a subset of models. The recently funded TREAT‐AD consortium seeks to identify and characterize novel therapeutic targets initially focusing on targets nominated by the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for AD (AMP‐AD). The IU/JAX/Pitt AD Precision Models Center (ADPMC) and the IUSM/Purdue AD D rug D iscovery C enter (ADDDC) part of the MODEL‐AD and TREAT‐AD consortia, respectively, have focused on immune models and targets to accelerate their development as potential therapies for AD. Result The IU/JAX/PITT ADPMC has utilized genetic and systems biology data from many of the large AD consortia to prioritize genes and variants to model in animals. This has included a large number of genes/variants in immune pathways including APOE , TREM2 , P LCG2 , ABCA7 , CR1 and others. A subset of the resulting animals have undergone deep phenotyping including histology, fluid biomarkers, brain imaging, behavior, ‐omics and also analysis of the microbiome. The IUSM/Purdue ADDDC has multiple components including a bioinformatics and structural biology core, a structural biology and biophysics core, an assay development and high throughput screening core and a medicinal chemistry and chemical biology core. While the overall strategy and prioritization scheme is still under development, the initial IUSM/Purdue targets will be immune‐focused including INPP5D (SHIP1). Conclusion Through the coordinated efforts of the NIA‐funded MODEL‐AD and TREAT‐AD consortia, novel AD models and targets will be developed, characterized and made widely available to the scientific community, including a number targeting immune pathways. These efforts are geared to accelerate the development of novel therapeutic targets for AD.
Wireless power transmission using LC cancellation (2013)

In recent years, research on wireless power transmission technologies has been attracting more attention after MIT introduced the magnetic resonance technology in 2007. Wireless power transmission technology enables flexible comfortable supplying energy needs to electric devices. However, the wireless power transmission technologies that use the magnetic field resonance method have various problems. This method has been uniformly investigated from different directions. Therefore, it is difficult to understand the principle for such new technology phenomenon. Much of the research is often focused on the efficiency between resonators. Moreover, the relationship between the internal resistance and efficiency is not clear. Furthermore, the efficiency at high output power is not well understood. Practically, adding an internal resistance as an equivalent of both of rectifier and inverter losses is important for efficiency calculations. Even if the wireless power transmission has high efficiency, it is not suitable for practical use if the output power rating is very small. In this study, at first, the drawbacks of using the electromagnetic induction method for wireless power transmission are described in detail. Then, we indicate that we can increase the transmission power in accordance to the principles of the LC cancellation by using the resonance phenomenon even at a small coupling coefficient. After that, the difference between the overall efficiency considered of entire system and the transmission efficiency between the resonators is clearly distinguished. Then a theoretical formula has been developed for the overall efficiency and the output power in terms of the characteristic impedance. Finally, the theoretical results are compared with the experimental results and discusses in detail.
Multiple task learning using iteratively reweighted least square (2013)

Multiple task learning (MTL) is becoming popular due to its theoretical advances and empirical successes. The key idea of MTL is to explore the hidden relationships among multiple tasks to enhance learning performance. Recently, many MTL algorithms have been developed and applied to various problems such as feature selection and kernel learning. However, most existing methods highly relied on certain assumptions of the task relationships. For instance, several works assumed that there is a major task group and several outlier tasks, and used a decomposition approach to identify the group structure and outlier tasks simultaneously. In this paper, we adopt a more general formulation for MTL without making specific structure assumptions. Instead of performing model decomposition, we directly impose an elastic-net regularization with a mixture of the structure and outlier penalties and formulate the objective as an unconstrained convex problem. To derive the optimal solution efficiently, we propose to use an Iteratively Reweighted Least Square (IRLS) method with a preconditioned conjugate gradient, which is computationally affordable for high dimensional data. Extensive experiments are conducted over both synthetic and real data, and comparisons with several state-of-the-art algorithms clearly show the superior performance of the proposed method.
Defining the full tomato NB-LRR resistance gene repertoire using genomic and cDNA RenSeq (2014)

RenSeq is a promising method to facilitate analysis of plant resistance gene complements. The reannotated tomato NB-LRR complements, phylogenetic relationships and chromosomal locations provided in this paper will provide breeders and scientists with a useful tool to identify novel disease resistance traits. cDNA RenSeq enables for the first time next-gen sequencing approaches targeted to this very low-expressed gene family without the need for normalization.
A MEMS Electrothermal Actuator Designed for a DC Switch Aimed at Power Switching Applications and High Voltage Resilience (2022)

This work presents the design and fabrication of a chevron (V-shaped) type electro-thermally actuated micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) actuator aimed for a DC switch structure using the PiezoMUMPs technology. The chevron actuator employs stacked composite SOI/SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /Al–Cr layers. The potential of crosstalk between the switch and DC heater actuator is mitigated. An oxide (SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) layer acts as an interface between the thin film aluminum (Al) heater and a silicon (Si) structural layer that forms the MEMS switch for power switching applications. Preliminary results show that the out-of-plane motion of the proposed design is reduced by more than 10× in comparison to a reference design. The average power consumption during actuation was measured to be ~ 80 mW, with a switching speed of < 35 ms. The switch can sustain up to 350 V at its terminals, enabling it for use in high voltage harsh environments.
ARMC5 Alterations in Patients With Sporadic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) (2020)

Germline ARMC5 variants are common among spNET and MEN1 patients. ARMC5 haploinsufficiency or biallelic inactivation in spNETs and MEN1-related tumors suggests that ARMC5 may have a role in modifying the phenotype of patients with spNETs and/or MEN1 beyond its known role in macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia.
Effects of Hypothermia on Skeletal Muscle Contractile Function: Comparison between Hibernators and Non‐hibernators (2019)

The primary function of skeletal muscle (SKM) is to implement locomotion, but muscles also serve other important functions such as generating heat through shivering (and non‐shivering), which involves continuous contraction and relaxation. Arctic ground squirrels (AGS), Spermophilus parryii, undergo extreme temperature fluctuations during the hibernating season (body temperature as low as −3 °C), where they mostly remain physically inactive. Despite prolonged periods of immobilization and starvation during hibernation, AGS and other hibernating mammals are protected from muscle atrophy, weakness, and loss of protein content. In contrast, non‐hibernators (like Sprague Dawley (SD)) are susceptible to muscle atrophy, rhabdomyolysis and myotonia etc. due to muscle inactivity. To our knowledge no study has shown the effects of temperature on muscle contractile function compared between hibernators and non‐hibernators. We hypothesized that hibernators maintain their muscle contractile function and performance, over a wider temperature range compared to non‐hibernators. We characterized and compared the alterations in SKM contractile function during hypothermic temperature stress. An Ex vivo functional assay was implemented, utilizing a tissue organ bath system (TOBS) and involved extracting diaphragm muscle from both AGS and SD, create strips made from SKM while keeping it in oxygenated Ringers solution. Following transfer of strips to respective organ bath chambers, muscles were exposed to 37°C for 30 mins (control/initial phase), 30 mins of experimental temperature (4 °C; 15 °C; 25 °C and 37 °C), and then finally back to 37 °C for 30min (recovery phase). Real time data (contractile function via force transducer) was recorded from the TOBS using LabChart Pro, and a force frequency curve was plotted. Preliminary data suggest that SKM of both hibernators and non‐hibernators during the experimental hypothermia phase showed suppressed (and slow) contractile function in both species, with the lowest force values at 4 °C. However, during the recovery phase AGS displayed higher functional recovery from hypothermic conditions compared to SD. This evidence supports the fact that SKM of hibernating animals is expected to have higher adaptability and increased contractile functional recovery from thermal stress compared to SKM of non‐hibernating animals. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by the INBRE IDeA Faculty Pilot Grant (University of Alaska Fairbanks ) from NIH NIGMS grant number P20GM103395. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .