gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scope of anion addition to (.eta.4-1,3-cyclohexadiene)tricarbonyliron(0) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScope of anion addition to (.eta.4-1,3-cyclohexadiene)tricarbonyliron(0)M. F. Semmelhack and James W. HerndonCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 3, 363–372Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/om00075a002Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1204Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Topographical and Chemical Microanalysis of Surfaces with a Scanning Probe Microscope and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (2000)

Spatially resolved chemical imaging is achieved by combining a fiber-optic scanning probe microscope with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a single instrument, TOPOLIBS. Elemental composition of surfaces can be mapped and correlated with topographical data. The experiment is conducted in air with minimal sample preparation. In a typical experiment, surface topography is analyzed by scanning a sharp fiber-optic probe across the sample using shear force feedback. The probe is then positioned over a feature of interest and pulsed radiation is delivered to the surface using a nitrogen laser. The pulse vaporizes material from the surface and generates a localized plasma plume. Optical emission from the plume is analyzed with a compact UV/visible spectrometer. Ablation crater size is controlled by the amount of laser power coupled into the probe. Sampling areas with submicrometer dimensions are achieved by using reduced laser power.
Dynamic COI‐tracking concept for the control of generators in multi‐machine power systems (2007)

Abstract In the conventional excitation control concept, the power angle and frequency of a generator are driven to a pre‐designed operation point after the fault occurs. It is named as Constant Point Stabilization (CPS) concept in this paper. A novel concept, called dynamic Center of Inertia (COI)‐tracking concept is proposed in this paper. In the concept, the power angle and frequency of each generator track the dynamic COI of the power system. Compared to CPS concept, a salient feature the suggested dynamic COI‐tracking concept has is that the generators are not restricted to constant angle point or frequency any longer but track the dynamic COI trajectory of the system to keep synchronous in rotor angle and frequency. Wide area measurement system (WAMS) will be used to transform COI signals to each generator. The time delay within a certain limit of WAMS signals is permitted. To make comparison between the two concepts, the control system models based on the two concepts are first established. Then, using the back‐stepping method, two robust controllers are designed to achieve the control objectives of the two concepts. At last, dynamic simulations are carried out based on a 2‐area‐4‐machine test power system, and the control effects of the two controllers, together with that of the conventional AVR + PSS excitation system, are compared. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Macroporous Alumina Ceramics with Aligned Microporous Walls by Unidirectionally Freezing Foamed Aqueous Ceramic Suspensions (2010)

This paper reports a novel way of producing macroporous ceramics with aligned microporous walls by unidirectionally freezing foamed aqueous ceramic suspensions. The stability of the air bubbles introduced by magnetic stirring was improved remarkably using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as both a binder and emulsifying agent. Furthermore, the unidirectional freeze casting method could not only trap the air bubbles in the solidified sample successively but also induce the preferential growth of ice dendrites. This endowed the samples with uniform macropores surrounded by aligned microporous alumina walls after freeze drying and sintering. The sample produced with a PVA content of 8 wt% showed a high compressive strength of 4.6 ± 1.6 MPa at a high porosity of 91 vol%.
K-Anonymization as Spatial Indexing: Toward Scalable and Incremental Anonymization (2007)

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to k-anonymization by making a new observation of a strikingly similar parallel between database indexing and k-anonymity. In general, however, the table to be published may contain more than one quasi-identifier attribute, so rather than use B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -trees, we suggest multidimensional spatial indexing as the basis for anonymization. We take a brief detour to discuss a measure for the quality of an anonymization algorithm.
An Economic Model for the Radio Resource Management in Multimedia Wireless Systems (2003)

In this paper, we study the connection between Radio Resource Management and economic parameters, whose application in multimedia communication system is a challenging task. In fact, a real network provider has to consider other parameters, besides the common goals of Radio Resource Management like throughput maximisation or meeting constraints connected with the Quality of Service. In particular, when the financial needs of the provider and the reaction of the users to prices are taken into account, economics have to be introduced in the analysis.
42.8-Gb/s RZ-DQPSK Transmission With FBG-Based In-Line Dispersion Compensation (2007)

Phase ripple impairments induced through cascaded fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are discussed for 42.8-Gb/s transmission. We show the feasibility of transmission over 1140 km (12 times 95 km) using return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift keying modulation and FBG-only dispersion compensation. We further compare FBGs with dispersion-compensating fiber for dispersion compensation and analyze the influence of wavelength detuning.
Imaging Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy in Assessment of Cervical Cancer (2022)

The role of imaging has been increasing in pretherapy planning and response assessment in cervical cancer, particularly in high-resource settings that provide access to computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). In 2018, imaging was incorporated into the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system for cervical cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging is advantageous over CT for evaluation of the primary cervical cancer size and extent, because of superior contrast resolution. Furthermore, quantitative methods, including diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, show promise in improving treatment response and prognosis evaluation. Molecular imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT and PET/MRI can be particularly helpful in the detection of nodal disease and distant metastases. Semiautomated delineation of 3-dimensional tumor regions of interest has facilitated the development of novel PET-derived biomarkers that include metabolic volume and radiomics textural analysis features for prediction of outcomes. However, posttreatment inflammatory changes can be a confounder and lymph node evaluation is challenging, even with the use of PET/CT. Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising tool that may be able to overcome some of the drawbacks inherent with imaging, such as limited ability to detect microscopic metastases or to distinguish between postchemoradiotherapy changes and residual tumor. Preliminary evidence suggests that liquid biopsy may be able to identify cervical cancer treatment response and resistance earlier than traditional methods. Future work should prioritize how to best synergize imaging and liquid biopsy as an integrated approach for optimal cervical cancer management.
Polymers for intracellular delivery of nucleic acids (2007)

Effective delivery of nucleic acids requires overcoming cellular barriers that would otherwise hinder transport of payload from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm or nucleus of a target cell, and preventing the degradation of the payload. As with many drug-delivery systems, toxicity is an important issue. Rational design of polymers for this purpose, assisted by high-throughput synthesis and screening methods, has had an enormous impact on the field.
Identifying Spammers to Boost Crowdsourced Classification (2021)

The present work addresses the problem of adversarial attacks in unsupervised ensemble or crowdsourcing classification tasks. Under certain conditions, it is shown, both analytically and through numerical tests, that spammers cause the most damage with respect to classification performance. To curb their effect, a novel spectral algorithm for spammer detection that utilizes second-order statistics of annotators, is developed and preliminary results on synthetic and real data showcase the potential of this approach.
Accelerated Removal of Fe-Antisite Defects while Nanosizing Hydrothermal LiFePO4 with Ca2+ (2016)

Based on neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), we show that calcium ions help eliminate the Fe-antisite defects by controlling the nucleation and evolution of the LiFePO4 particles during their hydrothermal synthesis. This Ca-regulated formation of LiFePO4 particles has an overwhelming impact on the removal of their iron antisite defects during the subsequent carbon-coating step since (i) almost all the Fe-antisite defects aggregate at the surface of the LiFePO4 crystal when the crystals are small enough and (ii) the concomitant increase of the surface area, which further exposes the Fe-antisite defects. Our results not only justify a low-cost, efficient and reliable hydrothermal synthesis method for LiFePO4 but also provide a promising alternative viewpoint on the mechanism controlling the nanosizing of LiFePO4, which leads to improved electrochemical performances.
Data from CD28 Costimulatory Domain–Targeted Mutations Enhance Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Function (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;An obstacle to the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is the limited understanding of CAR T-cell biology and the mechanisms behind their antitumor activity. We and others have shown that CARs with a CD28 costimulatory domain drive high T-cell activation, which leads to exhaustion and shortened persistence. This work led us to hypothesize that by incorporating null mutations of CD28 subdomains (YMNM, PRRP, or PYAP), we could optimize CAR T-cell costimulation and enhance function. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, we found that mice given CAR T cells with only a PYAP CD28 endodomain had a significant survival advantage, with 100% of mice alive after 62 days compared with 50% for mice with an unmutated endodomain. We observed that mutant CAR T cells remained more sensitive to antigen after &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; antigen and PD-L1 stimulation, as demonstrated by increased cytokine production. The mutant CAR T cells also had a reduction of exhaustion-related transcription factors and genes such as &lt;i&gt;Nfatc1, Nr42a&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Pdcd1&lt;/i&gt;. Our results demonstrated that CAR T cells with a mutant CD28 endodomain have better survival and function. This work allows for the development of enhanced CAR T-cell therapies by optimizing CAR T-cell costimulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Mechanism of dichotomy between CD8+ responses elicited by apoptotic and necrotic cells. (2013)

Apoptotic cells are significantly more immunogenic than necrotic cells, even though both forms are identical in antigenic content. When a combination of apoptotic and necrotic cells are used to immunize, the phenotype conferred by apoptotic cells, i.e., high immunogenicity, is dominant. However, necrotic cells are not immunosuppressive or tolerogenic. Apoptotic and necrotic cells are taken up by antigen-presenting cells in an equivalent manner. The priming of naïve T cell response is also equivalent. However, the CD8+ T cells elicited by apoptotic cells expand, accumulate, and express effector function, while those primed by the necrotic cells do not. This dichotomy does not extend to CD4+ cells. Apoptotic and necrotic cells elicit equivalent CD4+ T cell priming, accumulation, and function. The deficit in CD8+ T cell function elicited by necrotic cells can be overcome to varying degrees by anti-CD40 antibody and ligands for TLR4 and TLR9; conversely, the immunogenicity of apoptotic cells can be abrogated by blocking anti-CD154 antibody. Our results indicate that immunization with apoptotic cells leads to engagement of CD40 on antigen-presenting cells; this is essential for their ability to elicit mature functional CD8+ cells. The necrotic cells fail to engage CD40, and this failure is the basis of their lack of immunogenicity. These differences have consequences for the understanding of mechanisms of cross-presentation and for efforts toward immunotherapy of cancers and autoimmune pathologies.
Real-time low-level simulation of hybrid vehicle systems for hardware-in-the-loop applications (2009)

A hardware-in-the-loop test bed allows a designer to evaluate hard-to-model aspects of a system component without having to build a complete system. This paper introduces a dynamic real-time electric vehicle simulator with facilities to evaluate a scaled-down battery pack or a traction motor. Key components, such as the drive motor or battery pack, are interfaced with a desktop computer running a real-time vehicle simulation. This setup allows fast evaluation of drivetrain components, direct testing with predetermined drive cycles, detailed evaluation of operational strategies and tradeoffs, and hardware tests of major components. An interface to a scaled-down battery pack was implemented and evaluated. Results are given for two lithium-ion battery packs run through the simulator.
Cooling Capacity Control for Multi-Evaporator Vapor Compression Systems (2016)

Multi-evaporator vapor compression systems (ME-VCS) simultaneously provide cooling to multiple zones. The thermodynamic conditions in these zones are independent: the heat loads often differ, and the occupants of these spaces often have different desired room temperatures. Therefore, in order to regulate each zone to its desired setpoint temperature, the amount of thermal energy removed by each evaporator must be modulated independently. However, the common evaporating pressure within all evaporators introduces coupling that makes this objective difficult---the valve and piping arrangement imposes the constraint that all evaporators operate at the same temperature. (Systems considered here do not have valves at the outlet of each evaporator and therefore the individual evaporator pressures cannot be independently controlled.) In order to reduce the per-zone cooling, existing control strategies duty cycle the evaporator (alternate between a fully-open and fully-closed valve). However, duty cycling causes periodic disturbances to not only the local zone, but also to many machine temperatures and pressures, and these disturbances are often not transient but instead persist indefinitely. Fluctuations induced by the periodic disturbances can degrade the ability of the machine to regulate zone temperatures with zero steady state error, cause excessively high or low temperatures during peaks of the period, and couple into most machine signals of interest in ways that are difficult to describe with low order dynamical models. As an alternative to duty cycling, an observed behavior of refrigerant mass distribution in multi-path heat exchangers is exploited for control purposes. Multi-path heat exchangers are characterized by an inlet header pipe that splits refrigerant flow to two or more parallel paths through the heat exchanger and collects those paths into a common outlet header pipe. In the paper, we describe the following empirical phenomenon exploited for control: as the inlet valve is decreased, refrigerant mass flow rate entering the heat exchanger is reduced, and at some critical flow rate, refrigerant is shown to preferentially flow in some paths more than others, causing maldistribution. This uneven refrigerant distribution is repeatable and reduces the capacity in a continuous manner. The refrigerant distribution can be detected by temperature sensors along different paths of a multi-path heat exchanger. As some paths are starved for refrigerant they become superheated, and this uneven superheating process is unstable. A feedback controller is designed to provide stability and robustness to per-zone conditions. Finally, setpoints for this controller that relate per-path superheat temperature to overall evaporator capacity is created in such a way as to be robust to changes in local zone temperatures and the overall system evaporating temperature, which provides zone decoupling and ultimately creates a virtual control input for a supervisory controller such as a model predictive controller.
Fornix fractional anisotropy mediates the association between Mediterranean diet adherence and memory four years later in older adults without dementia (2023)

ABSTRACT Here, we investigated whether fractional anisotropy (FA) of hippocampus-relevant white-matter tracts mediates the association between baseline Mediterranean diet adherence (MeDiAd) and verbal episodic memory over four years. Participants were healthy older adults with and without subjective cognitive decline and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment from the DELCODE cohort study ( n = 376; age: 71.47 ± 6.09 years; 48.7% female). MeDiAd and diffusion data were obtained at baseline. Verbal episodic memory was assessed at baseline and four yearly follow-ups. The associations between baseline MeDiAd and white matter, and verbal episodic memory’s mean and rate of change over four years were tested with latent growth curve modeling. Baseline MeDiAd was associated with verbal episodic memory four years later (95% confidence interval, CI [0.01, 0.32]) but not with its rate of change over this period. Baseline Fornix FA mediated – and, thus, explained – that association (95% CI [0.002, 0.09]). Fornix FA may be an appropriate response biomarker of Mediterranean diet interventions on verbal memory in older adults.
Antibody response to the viral negative factor (nef) in HIV-1 infection (1989)

Antibody responses against the nef gene product of HIV-1 were determined in sequential sera from a longitudinally studied cohort of 194 initially asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive individuals and 72 individuals who seroconverted for antibodies to HIV-1 structural proteins (gag/env). In the majority of men, nef-specific antibodies, once detected, persisted (67.6%). In some men, nef-specific antibodies were only transiently (6.8%), or intermittently (5.3%), detectable. No nef-specific antibodies were found in the remaining men (20.3%). Nef-specific antibodies were elicited early in infection, but rarely (2/72 men) prior to seroconversion for antibodies to HIV-1 structural proteins. An absent, transient, or intermittent nef-specific antibody response was significantly associated with the absence or disappearance of antibodies to HIV-1 core proteins, with (re)appearance and persistence of HIV-1 core antigen and with the presence of low CD4+ cell numbers, i.e. profiles previously shown to be predictive of rapid disease progression. Although more cases of AIDS and AIDS-related disease (21/86 versus 28/180) occurred in the nef-specific antibody-negative group than in the nef-specific antibody-positive group, this difference did not reach significance.
Open and closed loop traffic control by connected automated vehicles (2020)

The problem of controlling traffic using connected automated vehicles is approached by utilizing Lagrangian traffic models. A continuum model with time delay is introduced in the Lagrangian frame in order to capture the open loop dynamics of the traffic behind a vehicle of prescribed motion. The stability of the open loop system is analyzed and compared to that of a benchmark car-following model. Finally, the Lagrangian traffic models are used to propose a longitudinal controller for connected automated vehicles that allows them to respond to connected vehicles behind to stabilize the upstream traffic in a closed loop fashion.
Impact of Pretreatment of Metal Glass Fe70Cr15B15 on Anodization in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquid (2020)

The impact of preliminary treatment (mechanical abrasion; chemical etching and anodization in ionic liquid) on the surface structure and corrosion behavior of Fe70Cr15B15 metal glass was studied. The detachment of the anodic oxide film from untreated Fe-amorphous alloy under anodization in ionic liquid was observed for the first time. The formation of hexagonal nanostructures (cells) on the surface of the Fe70Cr15B15 alloy after mechanical abrasion and following anodization in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) ionic liquid was also detected for the first time. Electrochemical corrosion of the initial and pretreated amorphous alloy was tested in a Na2SO4 aqueous solution. The resistance to corrosion was found to be enhanced slightly after mechanical abrasion. The sample with hexagonal nanostructures obtained after anodization of the mechanically abraded sample demonstrated a more significant anodic shift in the corrosion potential (Ecorr = + 379 mV) compared with that for the initial alloy (Ecorr = −125 mV).
Silica-glass contribution to the effective nonlinearity of hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers (2007)

We measure the effective nonlinearity of various hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers. Our findings indicate that differences of tens of nanometers in the fiber structure result in significant changes to the power propagating in the silica glass and thus in the effective nonlinearity of the fiber. These results show that it is possible to engineer the nonlinear response of these fibers via small changes to the glass structure.
Increased Production of β-Amyloid and Vulnerability to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by an Aberrant Spliced Form of Presenilin 2 (2001)

An alternative spliced form of the presinilin 2 (PS2) gene (PS2V) lacking exon 5 has previously been reported to be expressed in human brains in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). PS2V encodes the amino-terminal portion of PS2, which contains residues Met1-Leu119 and 5 additional amino acid residues (SSMAG) at its carboxyl terminus. Here we report that PS2V protein impaired the signaling pathway of the unfolded protein response, similarly to familial AD-linked PS1 mutants and caused significant increases in the production of both amyloid beta40 and beta42. Interestingly, PS2V-encoding protein was expressed in neuropathologically affected neurons of the hippocampal CA1 region and temporal cortex in AD patients. These findings suggest that the aberrant splicing of the PS2 gene may be implicated in the neuropathology of sporadic AD.