gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pedaling torque reconstruction for half pedaling sensor (2013)

Electrically Power Assisted Cycles (EPACs) have been gaining increasing attention worldwide during the past few years. Market analysis show that cyclists prefer torque assisted EPACs over velocity-based ones. A torque assisted cycle requires an estimate or measurement of the cyclist torque, which increases the cost and complexity of the set-up. Among the viable solutions, sensors mounted on the pedal axis have several advantages in terms of packaging and cost; unfortunately, they are capable of measuring the torque exerted only on one pedal. This paper deals with the development, implementation and validation of two algorithms to estimate the entire revolution torque using a half pedaling sensor. The algorithms are based on the iso-power or iso-torque assumptions (checked on a high-end training bicycle). The algorithms are validated using road measurements, showing that a sufficient level of accuracy for EPAC is reached.
FT‐Raman studies of a range of polyimides subjected to high‐energy radiations at room and elevated temperatures (2006)

Abstract A range of polyimides have been subjected to electron beam radiolysis at different temperatures. These polyimides were chemically designed to suit space applications, being either transparent or having groups which provide oxidation resistance. The structural changes that occur in the polyimides, when subjected to electron beam irradiation doses up to 18.5 MGy and up to temperatures close to their glass transition temperatures, were studied using FT‐Raman spectroscopy. The range of polyimides studied included a series of perfluoropolyimides, a silicon‐modified polyimide, and Ultem. The changes in the Raman peak intensities of the different groups indicated scission reactions involving the imide rings and ether linkages. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1575–1582, 2006
Gas Phase Glycerol Valorization over Ceria Nanostructures with Well-Defined Morphologies (2021)

Glycerol solutions were vaporized and reacted over ceria catalysts with different morphologies to investigate the relationship of product distribution to the surface facets exposed, particularly, the yield of bio-renewable methanol. Ceria was prepared with cubic, rodlike, and polyhedral morphologies via hydrothermal synthesis by altering the concentration of the precipitating agent or synthesis temperature. Glycerol conversion was found to be low over the ceria with a cubic morphology, and this was ascribed to both a low surface area and relatively high acidity. Density functional theory calculations also showed that the (100) surface is likely to be hydroxylated under reaction conditions which could limit the availability of basic sites. Methanol space-time-yields over the polyhedral ceria samples were more than four times that for the cubic material at 400 °C, where 201 g of methanol was produced per hour per kilogram of the catalyst. Under comparable glycerol conversions, we show that the rodlike and polyhedral catalysts produce a major intermediate to methanol, hydroxyacetone (HA), with a selectivity of <i>ca.</i> 45%, but that over the cubic sample, this was found to be 15%. This equates to a 13-fold increase in the space-time-yield of HA over the polyhedral samples compared to the cubes at 320 °C. The implications of this difference are discussed with respect to the reaction mechanism, suggesting that a different mechanism dominates over the cubic catalysts to that for rodlike and polyhedral catalysts. The strong association between exposed surface facets of ceria to high methanol yields is an important consideration for future catalyst design in this area.
Design and Implementation of a Multipurpose Information System for Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation on the Basis of the Biomedical Research Integrated Domain Group Model (2021)

Implementation of a highly quality-assured, multipurpose cancer information system on the basis of the BRIDG model at an academic center is feasible and can increase access to accurate data to support research integrity and productivity as well as nonresearch activities.
Stability, Reactivity, Solution, and Solid-State Structure of Halomethylzinc Alkoxides (2001)

In this paper, we report our findings regarding the development of a Lewis acid-catalyzed cyclopropanation of allylic alcohols with bis(iodomethyl)zinc. Iodomethylzinc alkoxides can be formed by treatment of an alcohol with bis(iodomethyl)zinc. These species are not prone to undergo cyclopropanation at low temperature but the addition of a Lewis acid in catalytic amounts induces the cyclopropanation reaction. Using this procedure, we demonstrated that the Lewis acid-catalyzed pathway significantly overwhelms the uncatalyzed one. This paper describes fundamental issues regarding the preparation and stability of halomethyl zinc alkoxides in solution as well as their aggregation state in solution and solid-state structures. Furthermore, the competition reaction between the inter- vs intramolecular cyclopropanation will be studied. Finally, we will discuss the possible activation pathways to explain the Lewis acid activation of halomethylzinc alkoxides. These findings provided new insights on the reactivity of ROZnCH(2)I and established the groundwork for the elaboration of an enantioselective version of the reaction.
Effect of nitrogen plasma power on defect levels in Ni/n-GaN Schottky diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2010)

The incorporation of deep level defects in n-type GaN grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy was studied via systematic adjustment of the nitrogen plasma source power from 150 to 400 W while maintaining a constant V/III beam flux ratio. Deep level optical spectroscopy and conventional thermal deep level transient spectroscopy measurements, which together enable deep level detection throughout the GaN band gap, revealed several deep level concentrations that depend strongly on rf-plasma power. The concentrations of the gallium vacancy deep level at EC-2.60 eV and carbon-related point defects with energy levels at EC-3.28 and EC-1.35 eV are found to be very sensitive to the nitrogen source power, increasing by up to 50 times for a corresponding increase in plasma power from 150 to 400 W. The relation between the concentrations of these traps and plasma power follows an Arrhenius-type behavior and is suggestive of plasma damage associated with the energetics of the constituent active nitrogen species. In contrast, two traps at EC-0.86 and EC-0.59 eV did not exhibit a systematic dependence on plasma power, with this difference a result of the dislocation-related nature of these defects.
A Highly Survivable C-band GaN HEMT LNA with Resistive Feedback Technique (2019)

This paper presents a C-band monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) low noise amplifiers (LNA) designed utilizing 0.25 um AlGaN/GaN HEMT technology. The single-stage amplifier is designed based on Common-Source topology with series inductive source and R-C feedback network. The post-layout simulation results demonstrate that the noise figure is around 1.4 dB at the operating frequency 5.4 GHz dB and better than 2 dB across frequency band from 4.6 to 6.6 GHz. The saturated output power of this LNA 28 dBm with higher efficiency around 40 %. The LNA has an output P1 dB and OIP3 of 22 dBm and 35 dBm, respectively, which illustrated high linear performance and can survive with high input power overdrive up to 28-dBm CW input power. The full chip size is 1.5 mm × 1.7 mm.
Synthesis of hydroxy‐substituted aza‐analogues of antitumor anthrapyrazoles (1998)

Abstract Synthetic routes have been developed which lead to ring‐hydroxylated aza‐analogues of antitumor anthrapyrazoles, namely, 2,5‐bis[(aminoalkyI)amino] substituted 10‐hydroxymdazolo[3,4‐ fg ]isoquinolin‐6(2 H )‐ones 1 and 7‐hydroxyindazolo[4,3‐ gh ]isoquinolin‐6(2 H )‐ones 2 . The regiospecific synthesis of 6,9‐dihalo‐4‐hydroxybenz[ g ]isoquinolines 3 and 4 has been accomplished. Intermediate 3 was constructed in a multistep process involving Diels‐Alder chemistry of benzoylacrylates whereas 4 was assembled using Ni(II) mediated coupling of methyl 3‐chloro‐5‐methoxyisonicotinate ( 15b ) with the organic zinc reagent 18 derived from 2‐fluoro‐5‐chlorobenzyl bromide ( 17 ). After protection of the hydroxy group with a p ‐methoxybenzyl moiety, the different nucleofugacities of the leaving groups present in 10 and 20 allowed sequential displacements by substituted hydrazines and amines, respectively, to lead to the desired p ‐methoxybenzyl protected analogues 12 and 22 . Deprotection led to the side arm modified compounds 1 and 2 . The displacements of 21a and 21b with N,N ‐dimethylethylenediamine also led to the tri[(aminoalkyl)amino]substituted analogues 23a and 23b , respectively, which arose from further S N Ar substitutions of the p ‐methoxybenzyloxy group.
Living Brain Optical Imaging: Technology, Methods and Applications (2012)

Within the last few decades, optical imaging methods have yielded revolutionary results when applied to all parts of the central nervous system. The purpose of this review is to analyze research possibilities and limitations of several novel imaging techniques and show some of the most interesting achievements obtained by these methods. Here we covered intrinsic optical imaging, voltage-sensitive dye, photoacoustic, optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy and some other techniques. All of them are mainly applicable for experimental neuroscience but some of them also suitable for the clinical studies.
Smartphone-based noise adaptive speech enhancement for hearing aid applications (2016)

It is well established that the presence of environmental noises has a negative impact on the performance of hearing aid devices. This paper addresses a noise adaptive speech enhancement solution for the purpose of improving the performance of hearing aid devices in noisy environments. Depending on three noise types of babble, machinery, and driving car, the parameters of a recently developed speech enhancement algorithm are appropriately adjusted to gain improved speech understanding performance in noisy environments. This solution is implemented on smartphone platforms as an app and interfaced with a hearing aid device. A clinical testing protocol is devised to evaluate the performance of the app in participants with normal hearing and hearing impairments. The clinical testing results have indicated that statistically significant improvement in speech understanding is gained between the unprocessed and processed conditions using the developed noise adaptive speech enhancement solution.
Admission control and resource allocation for DS-CDMA networks with multiple traffic classes (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for resource allocation and admission control in a DS-CDMA system in which there are several traffic classes with different rates and quality of service requirements. We focus on uplink (mobile to base) transmission, in which the transmissions from different mobiles are uncoordinated. For special cases of two traffic classes, we show that, for large systems, a Gaussian approximation for the interference yields that the boundary of the admission control region is approximately a straight line and the optimal power ratio P/sub 2//P/sub 1/ is roughly the same throughout the boundary of the admission control region.
Structural and Energetic Analyses of the Effects of the K103N Mutation of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase on Efavirenz Analogues (2004)

The effect of the K103N mutation of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) on the activity of efavirenz analogues was studied via Monte Carlo/free energy perturbation calculations. The relative fold resistance energies indicate that efavirenz binds to K103N RT in a manner similar to the wild-type enzyme. The improved performance of the quinazolinones against the mutant enzyme is attributed to formation of a more optimal hydrogen-bonding network with bridging water molecules between the ligands and Glu138.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Sequential Tumors from Breast Cancer Patients Provides a Global View of Metastatic Expression Changes Following Endocrine Therapy (2015)

This novel global analysis highlights the influence of primary tumor biology in determining the transcriptomic profile of metastatic tumors, as well as the need for adaptations in cell-cell communications to facilitate successful tumor cell colonization of distant host organs.
Intravenous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Extracorporeal Oxygenation Patients with Severe COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2020)

Background There is an ongoing critical need to improve therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 pneumonia, particularly in the most severely affected patients. Adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) infusions have the potential to benefit critically ill patients with acute respiratory syndrome SARS-COV-2 infection, but clinical data supporting efficacy are lacking. Methods We conducted a case-control study of critically ill patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To evaluate clinical responsiveness in the most critically ill patient we examined outcomes in a sub-group of those requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Patients (n=9) were administered with up to 3 infusions of intravenous (IV) MSCs and compared to a local ECMO control group (n=31). The primary outcome was safety, and the secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality (or rate of hospital discharge), cytokine levels, and viral clearance. Findings MSC infusions (12 patients) were well tolerated and no side effects occurred. Of ECMO patients receiving MSC infusions, 2 out of 9 died (22.2%; 95%CI: 2.8%, 60.0%) compared with a mortality of 15 of 31 (48.4%; 95%CI: 30.2%, 66.9%; p = 0.25) in the ECMO control group. Isolated plasma exosomes containing the SARS-COV-2 Spike protein decreased after MSC infusions between day 14 or 21 after administration (p=0.003 and p=0.005, respectively) and was associated with a decrease in COVID-19 IgG Spike protein titer at same time points (p = 0.006 and p=0.007, respectively). Control ECMO patients receiving convalescent plasma did not clear COVID-19 IgG over the same time frame. Interpretation Together these findings suggest that MSC IV infusion is well tolerated in patients with a broad range of severity including the most severe COVID-19 ARDS requiring ECMO. These data also raise the possibility that MSCs, in addition to exerting an immunomodulatory effect, contribute to viral clearance and strongly support the conduct of randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Azo-dyes photo-aligning: Physics and applications (2005)

This review presents the status of our research in liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligning. We present the basic mechanisms of the photo-induced order in various photo-aligning materials and in azo-dye layers in particular and show that photo-aligning methods can provide a controllable pretilt angle and anchoring energy of the liquid crystal cell, as well as its high thermo and UV stability. The photo-aligning of various types of liquid crystal displays is also discussed.
High Performance Green LEDs for Solid State Lighting (2020)

The development of white LEDs for solid state lighting (SSL) has been driven in recent years by phosphor converted LEDs (pc-LEDs). However, losses (known as Stokes’ losses) between the blue pump LED and phosphor impose a fundamental efficiency limit of ~300 lm/W on pc-LEDs. White light can also be generated from color mixed LEDs (cm-LEDs), which employ red, green, blue, and amber LEDs and have a fundamental efficiency limit of ~400 lm/W. Efficient group III-nitride materials are used for the blue LED, while efficient group III-phosphide materials are used for the red LED component. Currently, the poor efficiency of green and amber LEDs (i.e. the “green gap”) is the primary limitation for cm-LEDs. Relative to nitride-based blue LEDs, green and amber nitride LEDs suffer from lower radiative recombination rates and higher nonradiative recombination rates, which ultimately lead to reduced internal quantum efficiency (IQE). The IQE represents the portion of all electron-hole recombination events that result in a photon. In addition, long-wavelength LEDs have lower electrical efficiency (EE) compared to their blue counterparts. Addressing the green gap, would ultimately enable cm-LEDs that rival or exceed the performance of pc-LEDs. Our project focused on III-nitride materials growth and characterization, device fabrication and testing, and semiconductor physics to understand efficiency limitations of green LEDs and develop solutions to these challenges. Insights gained during our research has led to novel long-wavelength LED designs which will enable efficient solid-state lighting.
Dialysis Prescription: A Modifiable Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients (2010)

Recent surveys of hemodialysis studies strongly support the fact that dialysis prescription is a modifiable risk factor. Six tracks to improve dialysis patient outcomes have been identified: change in vascular access option strategy and restricting catheter use; increasing time or frequency of dialysis sessions; assessment and management of fluid status; favoring removal of middle and large molecules by high-flux and convective clearance; considering ultrapurity of dialysis fluid purity as a new standard and a part of hemodialysis biocompatibility, and improving quality care and patient follow-up. By modifying dialysis prescription and by implementing a continuous quality assurance program it appears possible to improve dialysis patient survival.
A Scalable Signalling Mechanism for VM Migration with SR-IOV over Infiniband (2012)

Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) is a promising I/O virtualization approach for achieving high performance in the virtualization over InfiniBand (IB) network. One challenge is related to the hardware address assignment for each virtual IB device. There are two schemes for the hardware address assignment, static assignment and dynamic assignment. Static assignment always preserves the hardware address of a virtual IB device that is attached to a VM, but the dynamic assignment does not. A drawback, however, using static assignment is that its communication will be disconnected after VM migration. In this paper, we point out the problem related to SR-IOV over IB that breaks the network connections after VM migration when the static assignment is deployed. Then, we propose a signalling mechanism that can maintain the network connectivity after VM migration. The performance evaluation using an experimental test bed shows that the proposed signalling mechanism does not increase the service downtime during hot migration. We also optimize the signalling method, where the same event can only be forwarded to a physical server once regardless of the hosted VMs, to reduce the management message overhead from O(n*m) to O(n).
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Synthesis with Carboxyl‐substituted Secondary Dialkylammonium Salts and Macrocyclic Polyethers (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Radial temperature profiling of VCSELs (2005)

High resolution temperature measurements of thermal lensing in a proton implanted VCSEL are reported. We show that the radial surface temperature profile can be linked to the transverse mode profile.
Data Reconciliation and Control in Styrene‐Butadiene Emulsion Polymerizations (2011)

Abstract Summary: A nonlinear model‐based predictive control (NLMPC) method was developed using a First Principles model of an emulsion copolymerization of carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR). Copolymer composition, conversion and average molecular weights of the copolymer were chosen as the controlled variables due to their influence on the final product properties and quality. These properties, however, are rarely measured in‐line due to the operational difficulties associated with their measurement. For this reason a soft‐sensor using reaction calorimetry techniques was developed and used to infer reaction conditions, rates, species concentrations and polymer properties in a industrial scale emulsion polymerization reactor.
Mechanisms of Angiogenesis Process after Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplantation: Role of Intra-islet Endothelial Cells (2017)

Angiogenic sprouting is a complex, multi-step process involving highly integrated cell behaviours, initial interaction with the environment and signalling pathways. Endothelial cells (ECs) are central to the angiogenic process, with recent insights establishing how these cells communicate with each other and with their microenvironment to form branched vascular networks. Using pancreatic islets as a model for vascularized tissue, this review will present a general overview of EC behaviour dynamics in sprouting angiogenesis, particularly focusing on the interplay between VEGF and Notch pathways. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms associated with intra-islet EC cross-talk and its micro-environment may present exciting new perspectives on islet graft to host revascularization and in supporting islet graft survival.
Stretching Actin Filaments within Cells Enhances their Affinity for the Myosin II Motor Domain (2011)

To test the hypothesis that the myosin II motor domain (S1) preferentially binds to specific subsets of actin filaments in vivo, we expressed GFP-fused S1 with mutations that enhanced its affinity for actin in Dictyostelium cells. Consistent with the hypothesis, the GFP-S1 mutants were localized along specific portions of the cell cortex. Comparison with rhodamine-phalloidin staining in fixed cells demonstrated that the GFP-S1 probes preferentially bound to actin filaments in the rear cortex and cleavage furrows, where actin filaments are stretched by interaction with endogenous myosin II filaments. The GFP-S1 probes were similarly enriched in the cortex stretched passively by traction forces in the absence of myosin II or by external forces using a microcapillary. The preferential binding of GFP-S1 mutants to stretched actin filaments did not depend on cortexillin I or PTEN, two proteins previously implicated in the recruitment of myosin II filaments to stretched cortex. These results suggested that it is the stretching of the actin filaments itself that increases their affinity for the myosin II motor domain. In contrast, the GFP-fused myosin I motor domain did not localize to stretched actin filaments, which suggests different preferences of the motor domains for different structures of actin filaments play a role in distinct intracellular localizations of myosin I and II. We propose a scheme in which the stretching of actin filaments, the preferential binding of myosin II filaments to stretched actin filaments, and myosin II-dependent contraction form a positive feedback loop that contributes to the stabilization of cell polarity and to the responsiveness of the cells to external mechanical stimuli.