gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Soil Moisture from Remote Sensing Data and Cokriging (2009)

Areas of high soil moisture associated with high pore pressure can decrease the shear strength of the material making a slope susceptible to fail. In a humid environment, the distribution of soil moisture is typically determined based on topography. However, in a semi‐arid environment, little research has been conducted to assess the relationship between soil moisture and topography index, such as Topography Wetness Index (TWI) due to excessive costs, time restrictions and/or poor accessibility. This paper examines the relationship between the two variables (soil moisture and TWI) in the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed using remote sensing techniques. Soil moisture has been measured at few sample sites in the watershed. Images from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) were used to create digital elevation models to obtain the Topography Wetness Index. A continuous soil moisture map was then created using geostatistical interpolation, incorporating the relationship between the two variables. The cross‐validation method has been used to check the accuracy of the interpolation.
[Neuronal migration disorders. Radiological and clinical aspects]. (1995)

Neuronal migration disorders can cause congenital cerebral malformations during the third and fourth months of gestation. They are usually classified as agyria, pachygyria, schizencephaly, polymicrogyria and heterotopic gray matter. The best diagnostic tool for detecting neuronal migration disorders is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Frequently, the migration disorders are associated with epilepsy, psychomotor retardation and cerebral palsy, and patients with these symptoms should always be investigated by cerebral MRI. In this article we discuss radiologic and clinical aspects in the case of six persons with different categories of migration disorders.
IgE‐reactivity profiles to allergen molecules in Russian children with and without symptoms of allergy revealed by micro‐array analysis (2020)

This is the first study analyzing molecular IgE sensitization profiles to more than 160 allergen molecules in children with and without symptoms of allergy. It detects similar molecular IgE sensitization profiles in symptomatic and asymptomatic children and identifies Bet v 1 and Fel d 1 as the predominant respiratory allergen molecules and PR10 proteins as the major food allergens and absence of genuine peanut allergy in Moscow region (Russia).
Electride and superconductivity behaviors in Mn5Si3-type intermetallics (2017)

Abstract Electrides are unique in the sense that they contain localized anionic electrons in the interstitial regions. Yet they exist with a diversity of chemical compositions, especially under extreme conditions, implying generalized underlying principles for their existence. What is rarely observed is the combination of electride state and superconductivity within the same material, but such behavior would open up a new category of superconductors. Here, we report a hexagonal Nb 5 Ir 3 phase of Mn 5 Si 3 -type structure that falls into this category and extends the electride concept into intermetallics. The confined electrons in the one-dimensional cavities are reflected by the characteristic channel bands in the electronic structure. Filling these free spaces with foreign oxygen atoms serves to engineer the band topology and increase the superconducting transition temperature to 10.5 K in Nb 5 Ir 3 O. Specific heat analysis indicates the appearance of low-lying phonons and two-gap s -wave superconductivity. Strong electron–phonon coupling is revealed to be the pairing glue with an anomalously large ratio between the superconducting gap Δ 0 and T c , 2 Δ 0 / k B T c = 6.12. The general rule governing the formation of electrides concerns the structural stability against the cation filling/extraction in the channel site.
Visible Lithium Niobate Integrated Modulators for Classical and Quantum Technologies (2023)

We demonstrate visible sub-1 V amplitude and phase modulators in thin-film lithium niobate. We use these devices to demonstrate EO frequency shifting of pulsed light over 7 times the intrinsic pulse bandwidth.
<title>Comprehensive numerical model for cw vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers</title> (1995)

We present a comprehensive numerical model for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers that includes all major processes effecting cw operation of axisymmetric devices. In particular, our model includes a description of the 2D transport of electrons and holes through the cladding layers to the quantum well(s), diffusion and recombination processes of these carriers within the wells, the 2D transport of heat throughout the device, and a multilateral-mode effective index optical model. The optical gain acquired by photons traversing the quantum wells is computed including the effects of strained band structure and quantum confinement. We employ our model to predict the behavior of higher-order lateral modes in proton-implanted devices, and to provide an understanding of index-guiding in devices fabricated using selective oxidation.
Host correlates distinguish low-risk and high-risk HIV-1 disease progression in HLA-B*5701 individuals (P6169) (2013)

Abstract HIV-1-infected individuals with HLA-B*57 alleles progress slowly to disease, in part due to restricted CD8+ T cell responses. However, some HLA-B*57 individuals progress faster to disease. We hypothesized that additional host correlates may explain the risk of disease progression. PBMC from six HLA-B*5701 patients were analyzed longitudinally and divided into high-risk and low-risk progressors based on CD4 counts at baseline. We developed a custom made Taqman array to measure mRNA expression of 34 anti-HIV-1 restriction factors. We named the overall gene expression as Cumulative Restriction or CuRe score. T cell activation, viral load, T cell counts and plasma sCD14 were also determined for all patients at all time-points. The CuRe score was significantly increased in high-risk progressors (p&amp;lt;0.0001), with particular increases of APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, tetherin, SAMHD1 and interferon-inducible genes. CuRe score correlated with viral load only in low-risk progressors (R&amp;gt;0.60, P&amp;lt;0.001). T cell activation was significantly elevated in high-risk progressors (p&amp;lt;0.05), and correlated with a decline in CD4+ T cell counts (Spearman R=-0.92, P&amp;lt;0.0001). Plasma sCD14 was significantly elevated in high-risk progressors, and correlated with CuRe score (R=0.79, P&amp;lt;0.001). In our study, we show that combining a multiple gene expression array of anti-HIV-1 restriction factors and immunological parameters provide important measures of risk for disease progression in HLA-B*5701 individuals.
Quantifying acid-base properties of organic functional groups at a polyethylene-water interface by photoacoustic calorimetry (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantifying acid-base properties of organic functional groups at a polyethylene-water interface by photoacoustic calorimetryLijian Zhang, Matthew A. Shulman, George M. Whitesides, and Joseph J. GrabowskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 19, 7069–7071Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00175a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00175a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Spectral performance and durability of dual-band infrared antireflection coatings on 3rd Gen lens substrates (2018)

Dual-band infrared optical systems require complex designs to meet their optical and thermal requirements. This complexity involves an increase in the number of elements and, typically, a greater variety of substrate materials. Many of the elements are lenses, therefore requiring the maintenance of coating thickness uniformity and durability over curved surfaces. Coating thickness uniformity can be predicted using commercially available modeling software that takes into consideration the locations of sources, monitors, substrates and any motion of the parts during deposition. The coating chamber configuration can then be optimized for thickness uniformity. Coating environmental durability is more difficult to predict, however. It is commonly accepted that there is a correlation between the coating deposition angle, the porosity of the coating and its durability. The durability of a coating deposited on flat witnesses is not necessarily representative of that of the coating deposited over the surface of a curved lens. Therefore, the deposition angle distribution must also be taken into consideration when optimizing for coating uniformity. We discuss the optimization of a coating chamber configuration for the challenging geometry of a 6” diameter lens with a 6” radius of curvature. The configuration is optimized for both thickness uniformity and deposition angle distribution. Coating uniformity and durability are measured on a monolithic lens substrate as well as on witnesses arrayed in surrogate tooling simulating the lens surface. The coating durability on the witnesses and full lens are analyzed with respect to modelled uniformity and deposition angle distributions.
Event activity dependence of $ Y $ (nS) production in $ \sqrt{{{s_{NN }}}} $ = 5.02 TeV pPb and $ \sqrt{s} $ = 2.76 TeV pp collisions (2014)

The production of (1S), (2S), and (3S) is investigated in pPb and pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and 2.76 TeV, respectively. The datasets correspond to integrated luminosities of about 31 nb -1 (pPb) and 5.4 pb -1 (pp), collected in 2013 by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upsilons that decay into muons are reconstructed within the rapidity interval |y CM | < 1.93 in the nucleonnucleon centre-of-mass frame. Their production is studied as a function of two measures of event activity, namely the charged-particle multiplicity measured in the pseudorapidity interval || < 2.4, and the sum of transverse energy deposited at forward pseudorapidity, 4.0 < || < 5.2. The cross sections normalized by their event activity integrated values, (nS)/ (nS) , are found to rise with both measures of the event activity in pp and pPb. In both collision systems, the ratios of the excited to the ground state cross sections, (nS)/(1S), are found to decrease with the charged-particle multiplicity, while as a function of the transverse energy the variation is less pronounced. The event activity integrated double ratios, [(nS)/(1S)] pPb /[(nS)/(1S)] pp , are also measured and found to be 0.83 0.05 (stat.) 0.05 (syst.) and 0.71 0.08 (stat.) 0.09 (syst.) for (2S) and (3S), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Barbier‐Type Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds and Imines with Metallic Cadmium. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
USE OF DENDRITIC CELLS AND INTERLEUKIN-7 TO PROPAGATE ANTI-TUMOR MURINE CD4+ T CELLS FOR SUBSEQUENT ADOPTIVE THERAPY (1993)

Cohen, P. A.; Alexander, R. B.; Shiloni, E.; Rosenberg, S. A.; Mulé, J. J. Author Information
Nocturnal Asthma: Role of Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (1988)

In this study, we documented the clinical features of patients who had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and coexisting asthma and assessed the safety of nocturnal nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy on the stability of asthma. Nine patients (8 men and 1 woman) with asthma and OSA confirmed on all-night sleep study were studied. All patients suffered from frequent nocturnal asthma attacks, resulting in hospitalizations and respiratory arrests in 3. All patients had symptoms of heavy snoring, nocturnal choking, frequent sleep arousals, and excessive daytime sleepiness. They recorded their daily peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) in the mornings and evenings, before and after bronchodilator in three 2-wk periods consisting of control, nCPAP, and control. During the period of nCPAP therapy, all patients recorded improvement in their PEFR. The mean prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator PEFR for the 9 patients were significantly higher during nCPAP therapy than during both control periods. This study confirms that nCPAP therapy can be used safely in treating patients with OSA and coexisting asthma. Furthermore, nCPAP treatment improves the asthma control and, in particular, the nocturnal attacks in this group of patients. These results also suggest that recurrent upper airway obstruction and snoring may be important triggering mechanisms of nocturnal asthma attacks.
Instrumentation development for electrical conductivity imaging in polycrystalline diamond cutters (2013)

We previously reported on an electrical conductivity non-destructive inspection methodology for polycrystalline diamond cutters. These cylindrical cutters for oil and gas drilling feature a thick polycrystalline diamond layer on a tungsten carbide substrate. We use electrical impedance tomography to image the conductivity in the diamond table. In this paper we report on progress in preparing this instrument for factory deployment. Instrument enhancements include an adjustable part holder, a field-swappable sensor and GPU-enabled software capable of rapidly acquiring images.
Theory as a driving force to understand reactions on nanoparticles: general discussion (2018)

Carlo Lamberti opened discussion of the introductory lecture by Bruce Gates: As you have shown, EXAFS plays a crucial role in determining the structure and the nuclearity of nanoparticles (NPs). For each shell, the accuracy of this determination depends on the error bar associated to the coordi
The circadian clock gene BMAL1 is a novel therapeutic target for malignant pleural mesothelioma (2012)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive neoplasm arising from the mesothelial cells lining the parietal pleura and it exhibits poor prognosis. Although there has been significant progress in MPM treatment, development of more efficient therapeutic approaches is needed. BMAL1 is a core component of the circadian clock machinery and its constitutive overexpression in MPM has been reported. Here, we demonstrate that BMAL1 may serve as a molecular target for MPM. The majority of MPM cell lines and a subset of MPM clinical specimens expressed higher levels of BMAL1 compared to a nontumorigenic mesothelial cell line (MeT-5A) and normal parietal pleural specimens, respectively. A serum shock induced a rhythmical BMAL1 expression change in MeT-5A but not in ACC-MESO-1, suggesting that the circadian rhythm pathway is deregulated in MPM cells. BMAL1 knockdown suppressed proliferation and anchorage-dependent and independent clonal growth in two MPM cell lines (ACC-MESO-1 and H290) but not in MeT-5A. Notably, BMAL1 depletion resulted in cell cycle disruption with a substantial increase in apoptotic and polyploidy cell population in association with downregulation of Wee1, cyclin B and p21(WAF1/CIP1) and upregulation of cyclin E expression. BMAL1 knockdown induced mitotic catastrophe as denoted by disruption of cell cycle regulators and induction of drastic morphological changes including micronucleation and multiple nuclei in ACC-MESO-1 cells that expressed the highest level of BMAL1. Taken together, these findings indicate that BMAL1 has a critical role in MPM and could serve as an attractive therapeutic target for MPM.
Message authentication by integrity with public corroboration (2005)

One of the best-known security paradigms is to use authentication as the basis for accéss control decisions. We turn this around, and instead rely on access control (or more precisely, integrity) as the basis for authentication. We propose a simple, practical means by which data origin assurances for message authentication are based on corroboration, for example by cross-checking with information made available by a known source or at a specified location (e.g., web page). The security relies on the integrity of this corroborating information, and thus on access control on the hosting (or publishing) of this information. We do not explicitly require cryptographic keys for the corroboration step, or for the protection of corroborating information (e.g., it may be publicly posted), and thus our paradigm allows message authentication without direct dependence on private or secret keys. It may be characterized as security by integrity. Message authentication applications we discuss include email source authentication, and data origin authentication for digital signatures. Our work thus has application to problems including spam and phishing (e.g., where email with spoofed source addressing is involved), and addresses theft, extraction, or other illicit determination of digital signature private keys.
Dash in mobile networks and services (2012)

This paper provides an overview on the challenges of mobile video streaming focusing on overload situations, variable bandwidth and power consumption issues. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is introduced as an enabler to address a significant portion of these challenges. The applicability of the formats to 3G and 4G unicast distribution is provided. Also the applicability of DASH formats for multicast distribution in MBMS is shown. Finally, the usage of DASH in hybrid unicast/multicast is introduced to provide a flexible extension to support different business and delivery models. An outlook to ongoing and future work is provided.
Gene Targeting Study Reveals Unexpected Expression of Brain-expressed X-linked 2 in Endocrine and Tissue Stem/Progenitor Cells in Mice (2014)

Identification of genes specifically expressed in stem/progenitor cells is an important issue in developmental and stem cell biology. Genome-wide gene expression analyses in liver cells performed in this study have revealed a strong expression of X-linked genes that include members of the brain-expressed X-linked (Bex) gene family in stem/progenitor cells. Bex family genes are expressed abundantly in the neural cells and have been suggested to play important roles in the development of nervous tissues. However, the physiological role of its individual members and the precise expression pattern outside the nervous system remain largely unknown. Here, we focused on Bex2 and examined its role and expression pattern by generating knock-in mice; the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) was inserted into the Bex2 locus. Bex2-deficient mice were viable and fertile under laboratory growth conditions showing no obvious phenotypic abnormalities. Through an immunohistochemical analysis and flow cytometry-based approach, we observed unique EGFP reporter expression patterns in endocrine and stem/progenitor cells of the liver, pyloric stomach, and hematopoietic system. Although Bex2 seems to play redundant roles in vivo, these results suggest the significance and potential applications of Bex2 in studies of endocrine and stem/progenitor cells.
Mast cell tryptase regulates rat colonic myocytes through proteinase-activated receptor 2. (1997)

Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is cleaved and activated by trypsin-like enzymes. PAR-2 is highly expressed by small intestinal enterocytes where it is activated by luminal trypsin. The location, mechanism of activation, and biological functions of PAR-2 in the colon, however, are unknown. We localized PAR-2 to the muscularis externa of the rat colon by immunofluorescence. Myocytes in primary culture also expressed PAR-2, assessed by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. Trypsin, SLIGRL-NH2 (corresponding to the PAR-2 tethered ligand), mast cell tryptase, and a filtrate of degranulated mast cells stimulated a prompt increase in [Ca2+]i in myocytes. The response to tryptase and the mast cell filtrate was inhibited by the tryptase inhibitor BABIM, and abolished by desensitization of PAR-2 with trypsin. PAR-2 activation inhibited the amplitude of rhythmic contractions of strips of rat colon. This response was unaffected by indomethacin, l-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester, a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist and tetrodotoxin. Thus, PAR-2 is highly expressed by colonic myocytes where it may be cleaved and activated by mast cell tryptase. This may contribute to motility disturbances of the colon during conditions associated with mast cell degranulation.
[Role of electric stimulation in apnea syndromes]. (2002)

The sleep apnoea syndrome is the best known apnoeic syndrome. It is observed in 4% of men and 2% of women. Nasal ventilation with continuous positive pressure is the best treatment for most patients. To date, electrical stimulation has a limited role in its treatment as it is used only when the apnoea requires ventilation by tracheotomy. This electrogenic ventilation requires so-called diaphragmatic stimulators. Although severe bradycardia may occur during sleep apnoea, there is usually no indication for cardiac pacing. However, recent publications have reported an anti-apnoeic effect of permanent atrial pacing. The modes of action remain unclear but these results support other recently reported data concerning the value of pacing in cardiac failure, the high incidence of sleep apnoea in cardiac failure patients and the possibility of diagnosing and monitoring apnoea by minute ventilation sensors. Therefore, there appears to be a field of research for cardiac pacing in apnoea syndromes. The authors review the principal reported data on the indications and possibilities of extra-cardiac and cardiac stimulation in apnoeic syndromes.
Novel Susceptibility Locus at 22q11 for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes (2011)

This study identified a novel DN locus at chromosome 22q11 with significant evidence of linkage to DN. Our results suggest that this locus may be of importance in European populations. In addition, this study supports previously indicated DN loci on 3q21-q25 and 19q13.
The physics of tire traction : theory and experiment (1974)

This book, containing the papers, panel discussion and general discussions from a symposium held in October 1973, treats the many different phenomena that occur when traction demands are made upon a tire. It describes basic and applied research directed toward providing a theoretical framework for tire traction data that have been recorded. Contributions from recognized authorities in the field include work on tire traction fundamentals on dry, wet, flooded, and snow-covered pavements; models for rubber friction and their relationship to tire traction; roles of the tire tread compound, tread pattern, and carcass construction in tire traction; and the relationships between the different features of a pavement's surface texture and its skid resistance. In addition, a critical review of the literature on tire traction through the year 1970 has been included.