gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo porcine characterization of atrial lesion safety and efficacy utilizing a circular pulsed‐field ablation catheter including assessment of collateral damage to adjacent tissue in supratherapeutic ablation applications (2022)

This preclinical evaluation of a fully-integrated PFA system demonstrated effective and durable ablation of cardiac tissue and PV isolation without collateral damage to adjacent structures, even when ablation was performed in more extreme settings than those used therapeutically. Histological staining confirmed complete transmural cell necrosis around the circumference of the PV ostium at 30 days.
Rate Enhancement by Ethylene in the Ru‐Catalyzed Ring‐Closing Metathesis of Enynes: Evidence for an “Ene‐then‐Yne” Pathway that Diverts through a Second Catalytic Cycle (2005)

Isotopenmarkierungsexperimente belegen, dass sich der beschleunigende Effekt von Ethylen in intermolekularen Ringschlussmetathesen von Eninen besser durch einen En-In-Mechanismus anstatt des gewöhnlich vorgeschlagenen In-En-Mechanismus erklären lässt (siehe Bild).
Extended Abstract: The Feasibility of Using Geopolymer in Oil-Well Cementing: A Review (2022)

Abstract Over the years, various cementitious materials have been investigated as a substitute for conventional cement. One example of these materials is geopolymer, a binder developed when an alkaline solution is used to activate materials containing alumina and silica. The use of this material is well established in the construction industry. In oil-well cementing, its feasibility is currently being investigated. An extensive survey on the various geopolymer studies has been conducted. The goal is to present a manuscript containing a summary of these studies. This will help researchers merge the knowledge acquired going forward. The study showed that the application of geopolymer in acidic and saline conditions, and in well plugging and abandonment operations. Additionally, geopolymer-mud compatibility and the impact of temperature on geopolymer systems have also been studied. In general, geopolymer systems show better performance, overcoming the limitations of the OPC systems. For instance, the geopolymer is more suited for CO2 sequestrations wells as it does not undergo a carbonation reaction which would result in degradation. Furthermore, geopolymers have superior performance in highly saline conditions and besides their compatibility with mud, a geopolymer-mud combination produces cementitious systems with enhanced properties.
Solid-Phase Synthesis for the Identification of High-Affinity Bivalent Lectin Ligands (2003)

The development of carbohydrate-based therapeutics has been frustrated by the low affinities that characterize protein-carbohydrate complexation. Because of the oligomeric nature of most lectins, the use of multivalency may offer a successful strategy for the creation of high-affinity ligands. The solid-phase evaluation of libraries of peptide-linked multivalent ligands facilitates rapid examination of a large fraction of linker structure space. If such solid-phase assays are to replicate solution binding behavior, the potential for intermolecular bivalent binding on bead surfaces must be eliminated. Here we report the solid-phase synthesis and analysis of peptide-linked, spatially segregated mono- and bivalent ligands for the legume lectin concanavalin A. Bead shaving protocols were used for the creation of beads displaying spatially segregated binding sequences on the surface of Tentagel resins. The same ligands were also synthesized on PEGA resin to determine the effect of ligand presentation on solid-phase binding. While we set out to determine the lower limit of assay sensitivity, the unexpected observation that intermolecular bivalent ligand binding is enhanced for bivalent ligands relative to monovalent ligands allowed direct observation of the level of surface blocking required to prevent intermolecular bivalent ligand binding. For a protein with binding sites separated by 65 A, approximately 99.9% of Tentagel(1) surface sites and 99.99% of the total sites on a PEGA bead must be blocked to prevent intermolecular bivalent binding. We also report agglutination and calorimetric solution-phase binding studies of mono- and bivalent peptide-linked ligands.
A Cyclopalladated Microporous Azo-linked Polymer as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Eco-friendly Suzuki and Heck Coupling Reactions (2015)

Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) are porous materials. Owing to their high surface area, tunable pore sizes and high physicochemical stability, they are studied for applications including gas capture and separation and heterogeneous catalysis. In this thesis, a series of imine/azo-linked MOPs were synthesized. The MOPs were examined as potential CO2 sorbents and as supports for heterogeneous catalysis.The MOPs were synthesized by Schiff base polycondensations and oxidative couplings. The porosities of the imine-linked MOPs were tunable and affected by a range of factors, such as the synthesis conditions, monomer lengths, monomer ratios. All the MOPs had ultramicropores and displayed relatively high CO2 uptakes and CO2-over-N2 selectivities at the CO2 concentrations relevant for post-combustion capture of CO2. Moreover, the ketimine-linked MOPs were moderately hydrophobic, which might increase their efficiency for CO2 capture and separation.The diverse synthesis routes and rich functionalities of MOPs allowed further post-modification to improve their performance in CO2 capture. A micro-/mesoporous polymer PP1-2, rich in aldehyde end groups, was post-synthetically modified by the alkyl amine tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren). The tethered amine moieties induced chemisorption of CO2 on the polymer, which was confirmed by the study of in situ infrared (IR) and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. As a result, the modified polymer PP1-2-tren had a large CO2 capacity and very high CO2-over-N2 selectivity at low partial pressures of CO2.Pd(II) species were incorporated in the selected MOPs by means of complexation or chemical bonding with the imine or azo groups. The Pd(II)-rich MOPs were tested as heterogeneous catalysts for various organic reactions. The porous Pd(II)-polyimine (Pd2+/PP-1) was an excellent co-catalyst in combination with chiral amine for cooperatively catalyzed and enantioselective cascade reactions. In addition, the cyclopalladated azo-linked MOP (Pd(II)/PP-2) catalyzed Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions highly efficiently.
A weighted principal component regression approach for system identification (2003)

In this paper, we present a parametric LTI system identification approach, which is based on weighted principal component regression (PCR). It can be shown that this method asymptotically implements model selection in the frequency domain and allows the data to play a significant role in determining the candidate models. Moreover, the estimates of the optimal model parameters reflect a trade-off between bias and variance to reach a relatively small mean squared prediction error. Compared with the conventional autoregressive exogenous input (ARX) identification, our approach is shown to identify the system's impulse response function more accurately when the input signal is colored.
Upregulation of MAP kinase HOG1 gene of white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 inhibits the ethanol fermentation and mycelial growth (2023)

Wood biomass conversion for fossil resource replacement could result in the sustainable production of chemicals, although lignin represents an obstacle to efficient polysaccharide use. White-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 reportedly selectively and aerobically degrades lignin in hardwood, then it begins cellulose saccharification from the delignified wood to produce ethanol. Environmental conditions might change white-rot fungi-driven biomass conversion. However, how the environmental response sensor affects ethanol fermentation in white-rot fungi remains elusive. In this study, we focused on MGHOG1, the yeast Hog1 homolog in Phlebia sp. MG-60, a presumably important player in osmoresponse. We generated MGHOG1 overexpressing (OE) transformants in Phlebia sp. MG-60, exhibiting slower mycelial growth compared with the wild-type under salinity stress. MGHOG1 overexpressing liquid cultures displayed suppressed mycelial growth and ethanol fermentation. Therefore, MGHOG1 potentially influences ethanol fermentation and mycelial growth in Phlebia sp. MG-60. This study provides novel insights into the regulation of white-rot fungi-mediated biomass conversion.
A Novel Sparse Compositional Technique Reveals Microbial Perturbations (2019)

The central aims of many host or environmental microbiome studies are to elucidate factors associated with microbial community compositions and to relate microbial features to outcomes. However, these aims are often complicated by difficulties stemming from high-dimensionality, non-normality, sparsity, and the compositional nature of microbiome data sets. A key tool in microbiome analysis is beta diversity, defined by the distances between microbial samples. Many different distance metrics have been proposed, all with varying discriminatory power on data with differing characteristics. Here, we propose a compositional beta diversity metric rooted in a centered log-ratio transformation and matrix completion called robust Aitchison PCA. We demonstrate the benefits of compositional transformations upstream of beta diversity calculations through simulations. Additionally, we demonstrate improved effect size, classification accuracy, and robustness to sequencing depth over the current methods on several decreased sample subsets of real microbiome data sets. Finally, we highlight the ability of this new beta diversity metric to retain the feature loadings linked to sample ordinations revealing salient intercommunity niche feature importance. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> By accounting for the sparse compositional nature of microbiome data sets, robust Aitchison PCA can yield high discriminatory power and salient feature ranking between microbial niches. The software to perform this analysis is available under an open-source license and can be obtained at https://github.com/biocore/DEICODE; additionally, a QIIME 2 plugin is provided to perform this analysis at https://library.qiime2.org/plugins/deicode/.
A $160~\mu {\rm W}$ 8-Channel Active Electrode System for EEG Monitoring (2011)

This paper presents an active electrode system for gel-free biopotential EEG signal acquisition. The system consists of front-end chopper amplifiers and a back-end common-mode feedback (CMFB) circuit. The front-end AC-coupled chopper amplifier employs input impedance boosting and digitally-assisted offset trimming. The former increases the input impedance of the active electrode to 2 GΩ at 1 Hz and the latter limits the chopping induced output ripple and residual offset to 2 mV and 20 mV, respectively. Thanks to chopper stabilization, the active electrode achieves 0.8 μVrms (0.5-100 Hz) input referred noise. The use of a back-end CMFB circuit further improves the CMRR of the active electrode readout to 82 dB at 50 Hz. Both front-end and back-end circuits are implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process and the total current consumption of an 8-channel readout system is 88 μA from 1.8 V supply. EEG measurements using the proposed active electrode system demonstrate its benefits compared to passive electrode systems, namely reduced sensitivity to cable motion artifacts and mains interference.
Dynamic Priority Queueing of Handover Calls in Wireless Networks: An Analytical Framework (2004)

In this paper, we present an analytical framework for dynamic priority queueing of handover calls in wireless networks. The framework employs a queueing discipline with two classes of priority for handover calls. Two queues, first priority and second priority, are employed for the two priority classes of handover calls. The priority of queued handover calls is not based only on the received signal strength, but also on the remaining time in the overlap region between two cells. We also incorporate a priority transition between handover calls in the queue; specifically, a second-priority handover call in the second-priority queue, based on certain criteria, can become a first-priority handover call and join the first-priority handover queue. In addition, the event that a handover call could finish its call while waiting in the queue is taken into account in the analysis. This event was not taken into consideration in previous related studies and, as a result, these previous studies overestimate handover failure probability. Our results also show that the predictions of the analytical framework developed in this paper are in very good agreement with simulation results. The developed analytical framework is comprehensive and can also cope with several priority schemes proposed by other researchers in the literature. For example, it is shown that, under certain conditions, the proposed framework converges to first-in-first-out queueing of handover calls. One can easily modify the proposed framework to incorporate priority schemes that use guard channels for handover calls. It is also shown that one could potentially use the framework developed in this paper in integrated voice/data networks, as well as for handover between different network types. The proposed analytical framework is anticipated to be a very useful tool in evaluating performance of present and future wireless networks employing dynamic priority queueing for handovers and in designing more efficient handover algorithms.
STRATEGIES FOR QUALITY-AWARE VIDEO CONTENT ANALYTICS (2018)

Recent research in video analytics promises the capability to automatically detect and extract information from video. Potential tasks include object and pedestrian detection, object and face recognition, motion detection, object tracking, as well as background subtraction and activity recognition. However, in many instances, the quality of the video from which information is to be extracted is not very high. This may be because of system constraints (like a bandwidth constraint or VHS recorder), environmental conditions (fog or low light), or a poor camera (wobbly/moving camera, limited FOV, or just a low-quality lens).
Isolation of Alkaloids from Cultured Hybrid Cells of Rauwolfia serpentina*Rhazya stricta. (1996)

Two monoterpenoid indole alkaloids and four β-carbolines were isolated from a hydrid cell suspension culture generated from two Apocynaceous plants, Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. and Rhazya stricta Decaisne. This indicates that the function of alkoloid biosynthesis is retained after hybrid formation and that alkaloids not previously detected in the parental plants or cell cultures are formed.
A randomized study to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in healthy Japanese adults (2021)

We report interim safety and immunogenicity findings from an ongoing phase 1/2 study of BNT162b2 in healthy Japanese adults. Participants were randomized 3:1 to receive 2 intramuscular injections of 30 μg BNT162b2 or placebo 21 days apart. Overall, 160 individuals were randomized: 119 received BNT162b2, and 41 received placebo. Participants were stratified by age: 20-64 years (n = 130) and 65-85 years (n = 30). More than 97% of BNT162b2 recipients received 2 doses. Local reactions and systemic events were generally transient and mild to moderate. Severe adverse events were uncommon; there were no serious adverse events. One month after dose 2, SARS-CoV-2 50% serum neutralizing geometric mean titers were 571 and 366, and geometric mean fold rises were 55.8 and 36.6, in the younger and older age groups, respectively. In summary, BNT162b2 has an acceptable safety profile and produces a robust immune response, regardless of age, in Japanese adults. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04588480).
On Localization Performance in Imaging Sensor Nets (2007)

We propose a massively scalable ldquoimagingrdquo architecture for sensor networks, in which sensor nodes act as ldquopixelsrdquo that electronically reflect (and possibly modulate data on top of) a beacon transmitted by a collector node. The collector employs sophisticated radar and image processing techniques to localize the responding sensor nodes, and (if data modulation is present) multiuser data demodulation techniques to extract the data sent by multiple sensors. The sensors do not need to know their own locations, do not need to communicate with each other, and can be randomly deployed. In this initial exposition, we develop basic insight into the localization capabilities of this approach, ignoring sensor data modulation. This reduces to an idealized one-bit, on-off keyed, communication model in which the the sensors are either ldquoactiverdquo or ldquoinactive,rdquo with the active sensors responding to the collector's beacon without superimposing data modulation. We consider a moving collector, with the sensor reflections creating a synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-like geometry. However, the collector must employ significant modifications to SAR signal processing for estimation of the location of the active sensors: noncoherent techniques similar to those in noncoherent radar tomography to account for the lack of carrier synchronization between sensor and collector nodes, and decision feedback mechanisms for estimation of the locations of multiple closely spaced active sensors. Measures for localization performance are defined, and the effect of system parameters such as bandwidth, beamwidth and signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) on performance is investigated.
Characterization of the 12S storage protein of Brassica napus (cruciferin): Disulfide bonding between subunits (1990)

Cruciferin (12S globulin) is a large, neutral, oligomeric protein synthesized in rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) during the seed development. It is composed of six subunit pairs. Each pair consists of one heavy α chain (30 kDa) and one light β chain (20 kDa). Four different subunit pairs exist. In contrast to earlier studies, our investigations using two‐dimensional electrophoresis showed, that the majority of α and β chains of each subunit are disulfide‐linked. Analysis of subunit composition of cruciferin hexamers by ion‐exchange chromatography suggested that a large array of hexamers exist, composed of mixed combinations of the four subunits.
Positive effects of GLP‐1 receptor activation with liraglutide on pancreatic islet morphology and metabolic control in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice with degenerative diabetes (2014)

These data reveal that stable GLP-1 analogues exert important beneficial effects on pancreatic islet architecture and beta-cell turnover, indicating that they may be useful in the treatment of severe forms of diabetes with islet degeneration.
Vision-based contingency detection (2011)

We present a novel method for the visual detection of a contingent response by a human to the stimulus of a robot action. Contingency is defined as a change in an agent's behavior within a specific time window in direct response to a signal from another agent; detection of such responses is essential to assess the willingness and interest of a human in interacting with the robot. Using motion-based features to describe the possible contingent action, our approach assesses the visual self-similarity of video subsequences captured before the robot exhibits its signaling behavior and statistically models the typical graph-partitioning cost of separating an arbitrary subsequence of frames from the others. After the behavioral signal, the video is similarly analyzed and the cost of separating the after-signal frames from the before-signal sequences is computed; a lower than typical cost indicates likely contingent reaction. We present a preliminary study in which data were captured and analyzed for algorithmic performance.
Multi-word Entity Classification in a Highly Multilingual Environment (2017)

This paper describes an approach for the classification of millions of existing multiword entities (MWEntities), such as organisation or event names, into thirteen category types, based only on the tokens they contain. In order to classify our very large in-house collection of multilingual MWEntities into an application-oriented set of entity categories, we trained and tested distantly-supervised classifiers in 43 languages based on MWEntities extracted from BabelNet. The best-performing classifier was the multi-class SVM using a TF.IDF-weighted data representation. Interestingly, one unique classifier trained on a mix of all languages consistently performed better than classifiers trained for individual languages, reaching an averaged F1-value of 88.8%. In this paper, we present the training and test data, including a human evaluation of its accuracy, describe the methods used to train the classifiers, and discuss the results.
Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction with thin CoFeB/Ta/Co/Pd/Co reference layer (2014)

Integration of high density spin transfer torque magnetoresistance random access memory requires a thin stack (less than 15 nm) of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (p-MTJ). We propose an innovative approach to solve this challenging problem by reducing the thickness and/or moment of the reference layer. A thin reference layer structure of CoFeB/Ta/Co/Pd/Co has 60% magnetic moment of the conventional thick structure including [Co/Pd] multilayers. We demonstrate that the perpendicular magnetization of the CoFeB/Ta/Co/Pd/Co structure can be realized by anti-ferromagnetically coupling to a pinned layer with strong perpendicular anisotropy via Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida exchange interaction. The pMTJ with thin CoFeB/Ta/Co/Pd/Co reference layer has a comparable TMR ratio (near 80%) as that with thick reference layer after annealing at 280 °C. The pMTJ with thin reference layer has a total thickness less than 15 nm, thereby significantly increasing the etching margin required for integration of high density pMTJ array on wafers with form factor of 300 mm and beyond.
Characteristic fast H− ion conduction in oxygen-substituted lanthanum hydride (2019)

Fast ionic conductors have considerable potential to enable technological development for energy storage and conversion. Hydride (H<sup>-</sup>) ions are a unique species because of their natural abundance, light mass, and large polarizability. Herein, we investigate characteristic H<sup>-</sup> conduction, i.e., fast ionic conduction controlled by a pre-exponential factor. Oxygen-doped LaH<sub>3</sub> (LaH<sub>3</sub><sub>-2x</sub>O<sub>x</sub>) has an optimum ionic conductivity of 2.6 × 10<sup>-2</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup>, which to the best of our knowledge is the highest H<sup>-</sup> conductivity reported to date at intermediate temperatures. With increasing oxygen content, the relatively high activation energy remains unchanged, whereas the pre-exponential factor decreases dramatically. This extraordinarily large pre-exponential factor is explained by introducing temperature-dependent enthalpy, derived from H<sup>-</sup> trapped by lanthanum ions bonded to oxygen ions. Consequently, light mass and large polarizability of H<sup>-</sup>, and the framework comprising densely packed H<sup>-</sup> in LaH<sub>3</sub><sub>-</sub><sub>2x</sub>O<sub>x</sub> are crucial factors that impose significant temperature dependence on the potential energy and implement characteristic fast H<sup>-</sup> conduction.
Electro-optical silicon isolator (2012)

We demonstrate the first non-magnetic CMOS-compatible optical isolator on a silicon chip. The isolator is based on indirect interband photonic transition, created by electrically-driven dynamic refractive index modulation on a two-mode waveguide. We observe a strong contrast (up to 3dB) in the transmission coefficient along the forward and backward directions.
Management options for lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients with suboptimal virological suppression by adefovir (2011)

In adefovir rescue for lamivudine resistance, month 6 HBV DNA predicts maintained virological response in CHB patients. Switching to tenofovir achieved best viral suppression among suboptimal responders to adefovir.