gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel optical interconnect devices applying mask-transfer self-written method (2012)

The introduction of optical interconnect technology is expected to solve problems of conventional electric wiring. One of the promising technologies realizing optical interconnect is the self-written waveguide (SWW) technology with lightcurable resin. We have developed a new technology of the "Mask-Transfer Self-Written (MTSW)" method. This new method enables fabrication of arrayed M x N optical channels at one shot of UV-light. Using this technology, several new optical interconnect devices and connection technologies have been proposed and investigated. In this paper, first, we introduce MTSW method briefly. Next, we show plug-in alignment approach using optical waveguide plugs (OWP) and a micro-hole array (MHA) which are made of the light-curable resin. Easy and high efficiency plug-in alignment between fibers and an optoelectronic-printed wiring board (OE-PWB), between a fiber and a VCSEL, so on will be feasible. Then, we propose a new three-dimensional (3D) branch waveguide. By controlling the irradiating angle through the photomask aperture, it will be possible to fabricate 2-branch and 4-branch waveguides with a certain branch angle. The 3D branch waveguide will be very promising in the future optical interconnects and coupler devices of the multicore optical fiber.
Event-based color change pixel in standard CMOS (2010)

This paper describes a novel dichromatic spiking pixel circuit that reacts to color change but not to intensity change. It is built in standard CMOS using a buried double junction to sense wavelength information. The pixel can detect light wavelength changes of about 14nm, while not responding to intensity steps of at least a factor of three. The pixel is suitable for integration into an array and can easily be combined with a temporal log intensity contrast change pixel.
Amplitude analysis of the B+→π+π+π− decay (2020)

Amplitude analysis of the B + + + -
Abstract 994: Tumor NLRP3 drives melanoma progression and immunosuppression by IL-1b-mediated host pro-tumor effects (2020)

Abstract Introduction: Melanoma NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in tumor progression and melanoma-induced immunosuppression via IL-1β-mediated effect. Abstract: Melanoma-associated inflammation participates in the generation of a tumor permissive environment, which promotes tumor progression and metastasis. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β mediates several inflammatory diseases and the modulation of the immune system. In the context of malignancy, IL-1β is a validated target in mouse models of cancer, including melanoma, where the cytokine contributes to immunosuppression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and regulation of myeloid derived suppressor cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome drives the maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in melanoma cells. Accordingly, analysis of melanoma biopsies (N=461) showed increased NLRP3 expression in the lesions which correlates with the IL-1β levels. In melanoma-bearing mice, NLRP3 inhibition with a clinically evaluated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 (dapansutrile), showed to decrease melanoma progression and tumor-induced inflammation reducing the circulating levels of IL-6, G-CSF, and VEGF compared to vehicle tumor-bearing mice. Analysis of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) populations revealed that NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition was sufficient to prevent MDSCs expansion (both PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs), restoring the population to the non-tumor-bearing level. The effect observed on MDSCs in tumor-bearing mice following NLRP3 inhibition resulted in increased NK cells activation in primary tumors (Figure). These data establish a new correlation between IL-1β, NLRP3, melanoma-induced immunosuppression and tumor progression. Considering that NLRP3 inhibition resulted in decreased tumor-induced immune evasion as well as an increased tumoricidal immune response, we evaluated the effect of the addition of NLRP3 inhibition to checkpoint inhibition. Tumor bearing mice treated with OLT1177 and anti-PD-1 showed reduced tumor progression compared to the single-agent treatments. In conclusion, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition was successful in preventing IL-1β processing in melanoma cells and tumor progression. These findings suggest that NLRP3 may represent a potential therapeutic target for melanoma. Citation Format: Carlo Marchetti, Isak Tengesdal, Charles Dinarello, Mayumi Fujita. Tumor NLRP3 drives melanoma progression and immunosuppression by IL-1b-mediated host pro-tumor effects [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 994.
Solvent effects on a Diels-Alder reaction from computer simulations (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent effects on a Diels-Alder reaction from computer simulationsJames F. Blake and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 19, 7430–7432Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00019a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00019a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1295Altmetric-Citations200LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Group X Secreted Phospholipase A2 Proenzyme Is Matured by a Furin-like Proprotein Convertase and Releases Arachidonic Acid inside of Human HEK293 Cells (2011)

Among mammalian secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2)s), group X sPLA(2) has the most potent hydrolyzing activity toward phosphatidylcholine and is involved in arachidonic acid (AA) release. Group X sPLA(2) is produced as a proenzyme and contains a short propeptide of 11 amino acids ending with a dibasic motif, suggesting cleavage by proprotein convertases. Although the removal of this propeptide is clearly required for enzymatic activity, the cellular location and the protease(s) involved in proenzyme conversion are unknown. Here we have analyzed the maturation of group X sPLA(2) in HEK293 cells, which have been extensively used to analyze sPLA(2)-induced AA release. Using recombinant mouse (PromGX) and human (ProhGX) proenzymes; HEK293 cells transfected with cDNAs coding for full-length ProhGX, PromGX, and propeptide mutants; and various permeable and non-permeable sPLA(2) inhibitors and protease inhibitors, we demonstrate that group X sPLA(2) is mainly converted intracellularly and releases AA before externalization from the cell. Most strikingly, the exogenous proenzyme does not elicit AA release, whereas the transfected proenzyme does elicit AA release in a way insensitive to non-permeable sPLA(2) inhibitors. In transfected cells, a permeable proprotein convertase inhibitor, but not a non-permeable one, prevents group X sPLA(2) maturation and partially blocks AA release. Mutations at the dibasic motif of the propeptide indicate that the last basic residue is required and sufficient for efficient maturation and AA release. All together, these results argue for the intracellular maturation of group X proenzyme in HEK293 cells by a furin-like proprotein convertase, leading to intracellular release of AA during secretion.
Effect of Equal-Channel Angular Pressing on the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Al Alloy (2006)

The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the pitting corrosion resistance of Al and Al-Mg alloy was investigated by means of polarization curves in solutions containing 300 ppm of Cl- and by surface analysis. The potentials for pitting corrosion of Al and Al-Mg alloy were evidently shifted to the noble direction by using the ECAP process, indicating that this process improves resistance to pitting corrosion. This increase in resistance seems to be attributable to the increase in formation rate of Al oxide films due to the increase in grain boundary with ECAP. The pitting corrosion resistance of Al and Al-Mg alloy anodized galvanostatically in H2SO4 solution after ECAP was also investigated using electrochemical techniques. The pitting corrosion resistance of Al and Al-Mg alloy was remarkably improved by anodizing. However, the pitting corrosion resistance of anodized Al-Mg alloy was better without ECAP than with ECAP.
Kinome-wide interaction modelling using alignment-based and alignment-independent approaches for kinase description and linear and non-linear data analysis techniques (2010)

Our results strongly support the applicability of proteochemometrics for kinome-wide interaction modelling. Proteochemometrics might be used to speed-up identification and optimization of protein kinase targeted and multi-targeted inhibitors.
[Risk of second non-germ cell cancer after treatment of stage I-II testicular seminoma]. (1999)

The risk of SNGC is increased after infraDI + supraDI. The risk of SNGC after infraDI only is not increased with a median follow-up of 6 years, but this follow-up is too short to allow any definitive conclusions. The risk of SNGC and particularly haematological malignancy appears to be increased by the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Characterization of the biocide polyhexamethylene biguanide by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (2006)

Abstract The biocide polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) has been characterized by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). Previously, no method has been able to provide a detailed structural characterization of PHMB. MALDI‐TOF MS was able to detect PHMB oligomers with n ≤ 6. Six different PHMB product types were identified, which possess combinations of amine, cyanoamine, guanidine, or cyanoguanidine end‐groups. Postsource decay (PSD) fragmentation was used to confirm the correct assignment of PHMB structure for the dominant PHMB molecular ion. MALDI‐TOF MS analysis of a 15 N‐labeled PHMB confirmed the correct assignment of PHMB molecular ions, and also indicated the existence of a polymerization–depolymerization equilibrium during melt polymerization of the polymer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4928–4936, 2006
HLXB9 (MNX1), Sacral Agenesis, and the Currarino Syndrome (2016)

Chapters provides overview of pathways of development and reviews of dysmorphic syndromes for which the causative gene has been identified. For each disorder, an analysis of the role of the gene in the relevant developmental pathway is provided, along with the mechanism by which mutations in the gene cause the developmental pathology. Emphasis is placed the developmental roles of genes in the causation of hereditary conditions affecting appearance and function.
Central Iliac Arteriovenous Anastomosis for Uncontrolled Hypertension (2017)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01642498.
Polyenamines for Films, Coatings, and Adhesives (1987)

Easy process makes polymers with good mechanical properties. Synthesis involves Michael-type addition polymerization of two diacetylenic diketones, with various aromatic diamines in m-cresol at 60 to 130 degrees C. Technique provides synthetic route to high-molecular-weight polyenamines with moderate thermal stability and good mechanical properties. Polyenamines produced exhibit potential for use as films, coatings, adhesives, molding compounds, and composite matrices.
Competing protein-protein interactions regulate binding of Hsp27 to its client protein tau (2018)

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are a class of oligomeric molecular chaperones that limit protein aggregation. However, it is often not clear where sHSPs bind on their client proteins or how these protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are regulated. Here, we map the PPIs between human Hsp27 and the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT/tau). We find that Hsp27 selectively recognizes two aggregation-prone regions of tau, using the conserved β4-β8 cleft of its alpha-crystallin domain. The β4-β8 region is also the site of Hsp27-Hsp27 interactions, suggesting that competitive PPIs may be an important regulatory paradigm. Indeed, we find that each of the individual PPIs are relatively weak and that competition for shared sites seems to control both client binding and Hsp27 oligomerization. These findings highlight the importance of multiple, competitive PPIs in the function of Hsp27 and suggest that the β4-β8 groove acts as a tunable sensor for clients.
<title>Optical information storage in glasses with nonbridging oxygen center</title> (1994)

The possibility of optical information storage in sodium-tellurite glasses is demonstrated. The optical recording is based on the phenomena of the photoinduced second harmonic generation in glasses (PSHG). A microscopic model of this optical recording is suggested. The model is based on the analysis of optical transitions in nonbridging oxygen centers (NBO) (0.26 and 0.62 micrometers absorption bands and 0.65 micrometers photoluminescence band) in the frames of two-well adiabatic potential of NBO ground state. During simultaneous glass irradiation by YAG:Nd laser (1.06 micrometers ) and its second harmonic (0.53 micrometers ) the multiphoton 0.26 micrometers absorption in NBO band (under interference four- three- and two-photon processes) with subsequent photoluminescence leads to NBO moves from one stable position to another and to the recording macroscopic (Chi) <SUP>(2)</SUP>-grating.
Microfluidic Device for Electric Field-Driven Single-Cell Capture and Activation (2005)

A microchip that performs directed capture and chemical activation of surface-modified single cells has been developed. The cell capture system is comprised of interdigitated gold electrodes microfabricated on a glass substrate within PDMS channels. The cell surface is labeled with thiol functional groups using endogenous RGD receptors, and adhesion to exposed gold pads on the electrodes is directed by applying a driving electric potential. Multiple cell types can thus be sequentially and selectively captured on desired electrodes. Single-cell capture efficiency is optimized by varying the duration of field application. Maximum single-cell capture is attained for the 10-min trial, with 63 +/- 9% (n = 30) of the electrode pad rows having a single cell. In activation studies, single M1WT3 CHO cells loaded with the calcium-sensitive dye fluo-4 AM were captured; exposure to the muscarinic agonist carbachol increased the fluorescence to 220 +/- 74% (n = 79) of the original intensity. These results demonstrate the ability to direct the adhesion of selected living single cells on electrodes in a microfluidic device and to analyze their response to chemical stimuli.
Constrained Decoding for Computationally Efficient Named Entity\n Recognition Taggers (2020)

Current state-of-the-art models for named entity recognition (NER) are neural\nmodels with a conditional random field (CRF) as the final layer. Entities are\nrepresented as per-token labels with a special structure in order to decode\nthem into spans. Current work eschews prior knowledge of how the span encoding\nscheme works and relies on the CRF learning which transitions are illegal and\nwhich are not to facilitate global coherence. We find that by constraining the\noutput to suppress illegal transitions we can train a tagger with a\ncross-entropy loss twice as fast as a CRF with differences in F1 that are\nstatistically insignificant, effectively eliminating the need for a CRF. We\nanalyze the dynamics of tag co-occurrence to explain when these constraints are\nmost effective and provide open source implementations of our tagger in both\nPyTorch and TensorFlow.\n
Efficient ultrathin all-dielectric nonlinear optical device (2023)

An apparatus and method are provided for generating harmonic light from a pump beam that is impinged on a metasurface comprising a plurality of all-dielectric resonator bodies. A multiple quantum well structure formed in each resonator body includes asymmetric coupled quantum wells having intersubband transition frequencies that couple to Mie resonances of the resonator bodies.
Penetrating radiation impact on NIF final optic components (1996)

Goal of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is to achieve thermonuclear ignition in a laboratory environment in inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This will enable NIF to service the DOE stockpile stewardship management program, inertial fusion energy goals, and advance scientific frontiers. All of these applications will make use of the extreme conditions that the facility will create in the target chamber. In the case of a prospected 20 MJ yield scenario, NIF will produce 10{sup 19} neutrons with DT fusion 14 MeV energy per neutron. There will also be high-energy x rays as well as solid, liquid, and gaseous target debris produced either directly or indirectly by the inertial confinement fusion process. A critical design issue is the protection of the final optical components as well as sophisticated target diagnostics in such a harsh environment.
Quantitative assessment of visual acuity in projective head-mounted displays (2003)

One issue of head mounted display design relates to the tradeoff between field of view (FOV) and resolution, which can lead to reduced visual acuity (VA). Essentially, an increase in FOV causes a decrease in visual acuity, for a given LCD display that has a fixed number of pixels. The effects of enhanced brightness on VA using two different types of retro-reflective material (cubed or beaded) were tested using a 52 deg. FOV projective helmet mounted display with VGA resolution. Three lighting conditions were also tested. Based on the display size, resolution, and FOV, we estimated a maximum visual acuity of 4.1 minutes of arc. In a counter-balanced between measures design, subjects' psychometric acuity functions were determined using a computer-generated 4AFC Landolt C test presented stereoscopically and probit analysis. The results confirmed that the maximum visual acuity possible within the setup was 4.1 arc minutes, the limit imposed by the microdisplay, and not the retroreflective material.
A new small-sized pierce crystal oscillator readout with novel on-chip all-digital temperature sensing and compensation (2014)

This paper presents a 16-MHz digital-controlled crystal oscillator and a time-domain temperature sensor design to achieve a high precision temperature-compensated crystal oscillator in a low-power mobile device. The digital-controlled crystal oscillator is based on Pierce topology with two 8-bit switched-capacitor arrays and the temperature of it is measured by time-domain temperature sensor. For noise reduction, the supply voltages of digital-controlled crystal oscillator and time-domain temperature sensor are regulated at 1.2 V by using two on-chip low-dropout regulators. The proposed circuit design has been successfully fabricated by using TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS process, where the active area is 0.516 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The measured startup time of fabricated 8-bit digital-controlled crystal oscillator is about 0.35 ms and the measured phase noise of 1 kHz offset at 25°C is -119.93 dB/Hz. With temperature compensation, the frequency deviation of it is within +/- 0.08 ppm over -40°C to 85°C. The measured effective temperature resolution of time-domain temperature sensor is 0.45 °C/LSB and the measured error is within -6.3°C to 7.1°C at 10 Hz conversion rate. The measured current consumption of chip is about 2 mA.
A Structured Fixed-Rate Vector Quantizer Derived from a Variable-Length Scalar Quantizer (1991)

The well-known error propagation problem inherent in any variable-length coding operation limits the usefulness of variable-length encoded scalar quantizers for transmission over noisy channels. In the absence of channel noise however, these quantizers are known to perform better than error-minimizing fixed-rate Lloyd-Max quantizers for a wide class of memoryless sources. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we develop a low complexity fixed-rate structured vector quantizer in which the structure of the codebook is derived from a variable-length scalar quantizer. Consider an n-level variable- length (e.g., Huffman coded) scalar quantizer S quantizing samples from a memoryless stationary source. Out of all possible n**m-vectors (m consecutive samples) at the output of S, the 2 **(mr) vectors with the smallest total (encoded) length are chosen as the codebook of an m-dimensional rate r bits/sample structured vector quantizer derived from S. A procedure for the design of this quantizer along with fast algorithms for implementation are developed and bounds on the performance of the scheme are developed. The structured vector quantizer can be designed and implemented even for fine (high rate) quantization at relatively large block-lengths and can achieve a rate- distortion performance superior to that of implementable LBG vector quantizers. Numerical results demonstrating the efficacy of this scheme along with comparisons against Lloyd-Max quantizers and optimal entropy-constrained quantizers, both in the absence and presence of channel noise are rendered. These results show that performance close to that of optimal entropy- constrained scalar quantizers is possible with this fixed-rate quantizer. The structured vector quantizer is also robust against channel errors and outperforms both Lloyd-Max and entropy-constrained scalar quantizers for a wide range of channel error probabilities. Extension of this idea to other types of sources proves very useful and will be described in a sequel paper.
Study on Impact Property of Honeycomb Core and Roll Core Sandwich Panels by Drop Weight Test (2004)

Honeycomb core sandwich panels (HSP) are used in many vehicle structures i.e. aircrafts, cars and trains. On the other hand, roll core sandwich panels (RSP) are expected to use in many fields, because RSP are manufactured with easier process and indicate the higher static bending strength than HSP. In this study, the drop weight impact test was carried out for HSP and RSP to compare with each other. It was clear that the relationship between the absorption energy of each panels and their cell size and core height. And the suitable sandwich panel for using in various cases was suggested.