gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of metal–carbon core–shell nanoparticles by RAPET (Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperatures) (2011)

We present herein a method to produce metal–carbon core–shell nanoparticles by dissociating the corresponding metal acetates under their autogenic pressure at elevated temperatures. The reaction is a one-stage, solvent-free, catalyst-free, competent, and a very cheap way for the synthesis of metal@carbon nanoparticles with a core–shell structure. The morphology, air-stability, structure, and other properties of the as-prepared Ag@C, Cu@C and Pb@C nanoparticles are demonstrated in this paper. We also provide a criterion for those metals whose acetates would yield metal@carbon structures, as opposed to those metals whose acetates would yield MO@C as the final product.
Efficient and specific Ly6G + cell depletion: A change in the current practices toward more relevant functional analyses of neutrophils (2018)

Summary Neutrophils orchestrate the innate immune response against microorganisms and are increasingly recognized to modulate cancer development in primary tumors and metastases. To address their function in vivo , different approaches are used, the most common ones relying on antibody-mediated neutrophil depletion. By comparing the effects of two widely used antibodies, we demonstrate a strong efficacy but a lack of specificity for anti-Gr1. In contrast, anti-Ly6G lacks neutrophil-depletion capacity in C57BL/6 mice, which can be explained by an insufficient celerity of neutrophil clearance that is counterbalanced by exacerbated mobilization of immature cells. When combined with a secondary antibody, anti-Ly6G treatment results in specific and efficient neutrophil depletion. Using a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma, we demonstrate the efficacy of this new approach to diminish primary tumor growth and propose the existence of a local intercellular communication between neutrophils and alveolar macrophages that fosters regulatory T cell proliferation in lung cancer.
Antiviral activity and tolerability of amdoxovir with zidovudine in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study in HIV-1-infected individuals (2010)

The combination of amdoxovir plus zidovudine appeared synergistic with reduced VL variability. This combined therapy, including the use of a lower zidovudine dosage, warrants further development for the therapy of HIV infection.
Extraframework Cation Locations in Cu-UZM-35 NH3-SCR Catalyst (2018)

We have recently demonstrated that divalent copper ions exchanged into the large-pore zeolite UZM-35 with MSE topology (Cu-UZM-35) when hydrothermally aged at 750 °C exhibit a considerably wider operating temperature window for NH3-SCR than those into the small-pore zeolite SSZ-13 with CHA topology (Cu-SSZ-13), the current commercial catalyst for this reaction. Here we report the physical states and locations of copper ions in the fresh and 750 °C aged forms of Cu-UZM-35 determined using quantitative EPR measurements and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analyses. Among the four different cation sites (Cu1–Cu4) identified in fresh Cu-UZM-35, sites Cu3 and Cu4 are easily accessible via 12-ring and 10-ring channels, respectively, allowing their copper ions to serve as the main active sites for NH3-SCR. It was also found that while the Cu2+ ions at site Cu3 remain unchanged even after hydrothermal aging at 750 °C, the [Cu(OH)]+ ions at site Cu4 are transformed into CuOx and/or CuAl2O4 species. This led us to conclude that the Cu2+ ions at the former site are mainly responsible for the wide operating temperature window of Cu-UZM-35.
Oxide Stress Separation technique for the assessment of Inter-Gate Dielectric integrity in 40 nm Flash memory cells, (2015)

session poster
Metrics for Economic Evaluation of Innovative Technologies in the Oil Industry (2008)

Abstract Technological innovation is a key factor in an oil company's bottom line. Not only is it a tool for operational process improvement (cost reduction, production, and reserves increase) but also a driver for the company's relational marketing. The intangible components of technological innovation, if properly evaluated and managed, are key drivers for know-how development, technological leadership, and reputation building. These are crucial factors for staying in business in a world in which it is essential to demonstrate ability to control complex problems (e.g., exploitation in challenging areas, new energy scenarios, environmental, safety, and social constraints, etc.). These are key issues vis-á-vis stakeholders, partner companies, producer countries, and the global community. Effective business management and performance improvement require quantitative analysis; in other words: never measured, never improved. This paper presents a methodology for the economic impact valuation of innovative technologies in the upstream oil industry. Both tangible and intangible components of an innovative technology contribute to generate value and thus each of them is to be considered as a very concrete point that requires comprehension, valuation, and management.
Exploration of Immersive Virtual Reality in Teaching Veterinary Orthopedics (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed the use of novel teaching modalities to enhance the provision of remote veterinary education. In this study, we describe the use of immersive virtual reality (iVR) as a teaching aid for veterinary medicine students during their orthopedics clinical rotation. Student sentiments were assessed using voluntary electronic surveys taken by veterinary students before and after the rotation. The most noteworthy benefits students reported were improved engagement with the course content, information retention, radiographic interpretation, and clinical reasoning skills. Obstacles encountered during the initial stages of the program included financial and temporal investment in equipment and content development, technical troubleshooting, and motion sickness. Though it is unlikely that iVR will ever fully replace hands-on learning experiences, it presents an educational opportunity to supplement traditional learning methods, motivate students, and fill information gaps. As iVR technology continues to evolve and improve, potential applications in the veterinary curriculum grow, making the modality's use progressively more advantageous. Although this study describes its application in an orthopedic setting, the versatility of the iVR modality lends the potential for it to be implemented in a number of clinical and didactic settings.
Long-Wave Infrared Germanium-on-Silicon Waveguides Beyond 10 µm (2018)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. A. Kozak, T. H. Stievater, R. Mahon, M. W. Pruessner, and W. S. Rabinovich, "Long-Wave Infrared Germanium-on-Silicon Waveguides Beyond 10 µm," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2018), paper SF3J.8. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Casing Exit System with No Red Zone Assembly (2022)

Abstract This system delivers on improved safety, robustness, and efficiency of a casing exit operation by providing a positive impact in the reduction of carbon emissions. This is possible due to the system's ability to reduce the required time to pick up, deploy, run in hole, install, and to perform the milling operation. The reduction in time in these operations translates to an increase in personnel safety and reduces carbon emissions to the environment. The system furthers the efforts of safety with its ability to combine the traditional required separate clean-out run with the installation run. This substantial time savings and deletion of a separate clean-out operation removes the opportunity of exposing personnel to the risk of potential falling objects, cluttering of the rig floor with additional tools, and the handling of the tools. Traditional whipstock systems utilize a shear bolt as it's mill to whipstock interface, whereas this system uses a self-aligning cylinder that can be assembled on the rig floor or can be pre-assembled in the shop prior to being loaded out. The benefits of being pre-assembled allows for the system to be picked up and directly installed into the well, thus preventing personnel exposure to dangerous pinch points. Traditional whipstock systems are limited to a run-in hole rate of two minutes per stand. The limitation of the slow run-in rate promotes delays in the progression of subsequent tasks. The long durations while running the traditional system in hole can lead to distractions and complacency resulting in injuries due to lack of focus. The system can prevent failed runs and reduced trips with its combination of redundant activated anchor and mill to whipstock interface, the anchor being configurable in either hydraulic or annular activation, can also be activated by setting down on a bridge plug, fish, or cement plug. With the use of the connector style whipstock, the anchor can be dragged up hole and reoriented if needed to the original kickoff point (KOP). This eliminates the necessity to pull out of hole and to re-run due to a failure in setting the whipstock. Thus, preventing unnecessary changes to the casing exit operation and decreasing handling of tools by personnel.
Advanced Data Acquisition Systems with Self-Healing Circuitry (2001)

Kennedy Space Center's Spaceport Engineering &amp; Technology Directorate has developed a data acquisition system that will help drive down the cost of ground launch operations. This system automates both the physical measurement set-up function as well as configuration management documentation. The key element of the system is a self-configuring, self-calibrating, signal-conditioning amplifier that automatically adapts to any sensor to which it is connected. This paper will describe the core technology behind this device and the automated data system in which it has been integrated. The paper will also describe the revolutionary enhancements that are planned for this innovative measurement technology. All measurement electronics devices contain circuitry that, if it fails or degrades, requires the unit to be replaced, adding to the cost of operations. Kennedy Space Center is now developing analog circuits that will be able to detect their own failure and dynamically reconfigure their circuitry to restore themselves to normal operation. This technology will have wide ranging application in all electronic devices used in space and ground systems.
Interference decoding for deterministic channels (2010)

An inner bound to the capacity region of a class of three user pair deterministic interference channels is presented. The key idea is to simultaneously decode the combined interference signal and the intended message at each receiver. It is shown that this interference-decoding inner bound strictly contains the inner bound obtained by treating interference as noise, which includes interference alignment for deterministic channels. The gain comes from judicious analysis of the number of combined interference sequences in different regimes of input distributions and message rates.
Oxygenation in the rabbit myocardium: assessment with susceptibility-dependent MR imaging. (1993)

Direct and noninvasive determination of regional Hb saturation with susceptibility-dependent MR imaging may provide information regarding regional myocardial O2 content.
Foveal crowding is just "good old" contrast masking, but peripheral crowding is more (2010)

Crowding (the deleterious effect of flanks on target identification) is ubiquitous in spatial vision. The purpose of the present experiment was to test the hypothesis that crowding is simply contrast masking by remote flanks. To test this hypothesis we measured and compared crowding in a direction-identification experiment with contrast masking in a detection experiment. In the crowding experiment we measured contrast thresholds for identifying the direction of E-like and C-like patterns (i.e., up vs. down, or left vs. right), using a 2-alternative method of constant stimuli. The patterns were comprised of circular Gabor patches, and the surrounding flanks also consisted of Gabor patches. In the contrast masking experiment we measured contrast thresholds for detecting a single Gabor patch in the presence of surrounding flanks consisting of Gabor patches (similar to Polat & Sagi, 1993). In both experiments, we varied the distance of the flanks and their carrier orientation. In both experiments, we found that in the fovea, high contrast flanks resulted in threshold elevation when the flank-to-target distance was less than about four times the Gabor patch standard deviation. In the fovea, in both experiments threshold elevation was strong when the target and flanks had similar orientations, and was weak or absent when the target and flank orientations were orthogonal. Over a wide range of stimulus conditions we found that foveal threshold elevation in the crowding experiment was quantitatively similar to the threshold elevation in the contrast masking experiment, as predicted by a test-pedestal model. We conclude that foveal “crowding” can be explained by contrast masking. In contrast, in peripheral vision, crowding is much stronger and extends over a much larger spatial extent than predicted by contrast masking.
The dynamical behavior of a levitated body with magnetic guides. In the case of plane motion. (1985)

The lateral oscillations of a levitated body, which is moved in a horizontal plane and is guided by magnetic forces on both sides, are examined theoretically and experimentally. Considering the relative vertical motion between the body and the magnetic guides, a pair of nonlinear differential equations with periodic variable coefficients, which govern both lateral and yawing oscillations of a levitated body, is derived. By solving the equations, it is shown that there are three types of parametric resonances which are stable steady states of the resulting oscillations. Also, the physical meaning of the resonances are discussed theoretically. Furthermore, the above three types of parametric resonances have been observed with a simple experimental apparatus.
Methods for Chromatographic Removal of Endotoxin (2012)

Endotoxin removal is critical when producing therapeutic proteins in bacterial systems. This hydrophobic compound can be removed through chromatography or filtration, but presents unique challenges dependent upon protein composition as well as production scale. Here we present a robust method for endotoxin removal at the pilot production scale using fast protein liquid chromatography and buffers specifically engineered for endotoxin removal.
A molecular model for proflavine--DNA intercalation (1988)

A molecular model has been derived for the intercalation of proflavine into the CpG site of the decamer duplex of d(GATACGATAC). The starting geometry of the intercalation site was taken from previous crystallographic studies on the d(CpG)-proflavine complex, and molecular mechanics used to obtain a stereochemically acceptable structure. This has widened grooves compared to standard A- or B- double helices, as well as distinct conformational, roll, twist and tilt features.
Physiological Changes Across Historical Sorghum Hybrids Released During the Last Six Decades (2020)

For the last decades, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) improvement in the United States (US) has been related to targeted modifications in genotype, environ­ment, and management (G × E × M) combinations. Retrospective studies are relevant to document changes in the phenotype associated to breeding process and to explore alternatives to improve yield and its physiological associated traits. This study aims to characterize yield changes over time for hybrids with different year of release. Field trials were conducted during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons in eight environments/site-years across the states of Kansas and Texas including 20 grain sorghum hybrids released between 1963 and 2017. Grain yield was measured across all hybrids and environ­ments. Detailed physiological descriptors were measured in one of the environments including grain filling, grain set efficiency (grains g-1) at flowering, panicle length, and dynamics of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) during the reproductive period. Overall sorghum grain yield improvement was 0.4 bu/a/year (P < 0.005). Grain set per unit of reproductive biomass at flowering was positively associated with the hybrid’s year of release, explaining the increases in grain number. Panicle size increased in newer hybrids, thus, supporting the reported changes in grain number per unit area. Modern sorghum hybrids displayed greater WSC remobilization during the reproductive period (P < 0.05). However, further research on sorghum’s WSC dynamics is needed for understanding its contribution to yield improvement.
Effect of transmembrane ion gradients on Raman spectra of sealed, hemoglobin-free erythrocyte membrane vesicles. (1978)

Sealed hemoglobin-free erythrocyte vesicles have been isolated. Imposition of transmembrane cation gradients increases the intensity of Raman scattering in the CH3-stretching region as observed with unsealed ghosts at temperatures greater than 38 degrees C and pH less than 7.0 [Verma, S. P. & Wallach, D. F. H. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 3358--3561]. Modifications in the amide I and amide III frequencies consistent with increased helicity of membrane proteins are observed upon imposition of a cation gradient. Spectrin-free vesicles also demonstrate cation gradient-sensitive intensity changes in the CH3-stretching region. However, no evidence for cation gradient-related protein conformation changes is found with these vesicles. The transmembrane potential of these vesicles has been altered by variations in anion composition and the electrogenic activity of Na+,K+-ATPase. The membrane potential was monitored by cyanine dye fluorescence. Imposition of a membrane potential (negative inside) also increased the intensity of Raman scattering in the CH3-stretching region. These results suggest that a transmembrane potential (negative inside) and/or cation gradient can energize membranes by compression of the apolar region and transfer of protein methyl residues into polar regions.
Adrenal-permissive HSD3B1 genetic inheritance and risk of estrogen-driven postmenopausal breast cancer (2021)

BACKGROUNDGenetics of estrogen synthesis and breast cancer risk has been elusive. The 1245A→C missense-encoding polymorphism in HSD3B1, which is common in White populations, is functionally adrenal permissive and increases synthesis of the aromatase substrate androstenedione. We hypothesized that homozygous inheritance of the adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) is associated with postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) breast cancer.METHODSA prospective study of postmenopausal ER-driven breast cancer was done for determination of HSD3B1 and circulating steroids. Validation was performed in 2 other cohorts. Adrenal-permissive genotype frequency was compared between postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer, the general population, and postmenopausal ER-negative breast cancer.RESULTSProspective and validation studies had 157 and 538 patients, respectively, for the primary analysis of genotype frequency by ER status in White female breast cancer patients who were postmenopausal at diagnosis. The adrenal-permissive genotype frequency in postmenopausal White women with estrogen-driven breast cancer in the prospective cohort was 17.5% (21/120) compared with 5.4% (2/37) for ER-negative breast cancer (P = 0.108) and 9.6% (429/4451) in the general population (P = 0.0077). Adrenal-permissive genotype frequency for estrogen-driven postmenopausal breast cancer was validated using Cambridge and The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets: 14.4% (56/389) compared with 6.0% (9/149) for ER-negative breast cancer (P = 0.007) and the general population (P = 0.005). Circulating androstenedione concentration was higher with the adrenal-permissive genotype (P = 0.03).CONCLUSIONAdrenal-permissive genotype is associated with estrogen-driven postmenopausal breast cancer. These findings link genetic inheritance of endogenous estrogen exposure to estrogen-driven breast cancer.FUNDINGNational Cancer Institute, NIH (R01CA236780, R01CA172382, and P30-CA008748); and Prostate Cancer Foundation Challenge Award.
On-Line Dynamic Data Reconciliation in Batch Suspension Polymerizations of Methyl Methacrylate (2017)

A phenomenological model was developed to describe the dynamic evolution of the batch suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate in terms of reactor temperature, pressure, concentrations and molecular properties of the final polymer. Then, the phenomenological model was used as a process constraint in dynamic data reconciliation procedures, which allowed for the successful monitoring of reaction variables in real-time and on-line. The obtained results indicate that heat transfer coefficients change significantly during the reaction time and from batch to batch, exerting a tremendous impact on the process operation. Obtained results also indicate that it can be difficult to attain thermodynamic equilibrium conditions in this system, because of the continuous condensation of evaporated monomer and the large mass transfer resistance offered by the viscous suspended droplets.
Effet des solutés de remplissage sur la fonction rénale dans le choc septique (2001)

L'insuffisance aigue est une complication frequente du choc septique et des etats infectieux severes. Le remplissage vasculaire reste le meilleur moyen de prevention de la necrose tubulaire aigue associee a une forte mortalite (pres de 75 %) dans le choc septique. Le type de solutes utilise pour le remplissage vasculaire reste controverse. Une etude randomisee comparant l'utilisation de solutes a base de gelatine (Plasmagel) ou d'hydroxylethylstarche (Elohes) a ete evaluee chez 129 patients admis en reanimation pour un sepsis severe ou un etat de choc septique. La frequence des patients ayant une insuffisance renale aigue ou une oligurie est superieure chez les patients ayant recu de l'Elohes (respectivement 42 % et 56 %) comparativement aux patients traites par Plasmagel (respectivement 23 % et 37 %) (p = 0,02). L'analyse multivariee montre que l'utilisation d'Elohes et d'une assistance mecanique respiratoire sont des facteurs de risque du developpement de l'insuffisance renale chez ces patients.\rLes auteurs recommandent d'eviter l'utilisation de solutes de remplissage a base de colloides chez les patients ayant un risque important d'insuffisance renale aigue (necessitant d'importants volumes de remplissage) ou sous assistance ventilatoire mecanique.1. Schortgen F., et al. 2001. Effects of hydroxyethylstarch and gelatin on renal function in severe sepsis : a multicentre randomised study. Lancet 357: 911-916.
Lessons from HotStuff (2023)

This article will take you on a journey to the core of blockchains, their Byzantine consensus engine, where HotStuff emerged as a new algorithmic foundation for the classical Byzantine generals consensus problem. The first part of the article underscores the theoretical advances HotStuff enabled, including several models in which HotStuff-based solutions closed problems which were opened for decades. The second part focuses on HotStuff performance in real life setting, where its simplicity drove adoption of HotStuff as the golden standard for blockchain design, and many variants and improvements built on top of it. Both parts of this document are meant to describe lessons drawn from HotStuff as well as dispel certain myths.