gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composting and co-composting of coffee husk and pulp with source-separated municipal solid waste: a breakthrough in valorization of coffee waste (2019)

In this study, the composting and co-composting potential of coffee husk and pulp with source-separated municipal solid waste (SSMSW) was investigated. Coffee husk and pulp were mixed independently with SSMSW in different proportions (0, 33, 50 and 100%), and composted in triplicates with a total of 24 composting piles for 3 months. From each compost type, different physicochemical parameters were analyzed. In addition, the seed germination, growth and fresh head weight yield of each compost type were investigated on each matured compost type using cabbage seed (Brassica oleracea). The results indicate that the two coffee by-products can be composted alone or co-composted with SSMSW yielding very mature and stable compost. The results indicated that the addition of 1/4th of local soil (wt/wt) on C8 compost type yields the optimum fresh head weight of the cabbage among all field experiments. In addition, when C8 compost type is mixed with local soil in 3:1 ratio, it could yield an optimum fresh head weight of the cabbage (572 ± 10 g/kg of compost). This could be due to the relatively higher concentration of total nitrogen in the C8 compost sample. Generally, the final compost can be served for unrestricted type of agricultural purposes. Thus, co-composing of coffee husk and pulp with SSMSW can alleviate the multidimensional problems of rural and urban dwellers.
Stand-Alone Three-Dimensional Optical Tweezers Based on Fibred Bowtie Nanoaperture Antenna (2015)

National audience
FOXM1 is a molecular determinant of the mitogenic and invasive phenotype of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (2012)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a very aggressive thyroid cancer. forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors involved in control of cell proliferation, chromosomal stability, angiogenesis, and invasion. Here, we show that FOXM1 is significantly increased in ATCs compared with normal thyroid, well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas (papillary and/or follicular), and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (P=0.000002). Upregulation of FOXM1 levels in ATC cells was mechanistically linked to loss-of-function of p53 and to the hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/FOXO3a pathway. Knockdown of FOXM1 by RNA interference inhibited cell proliferation by arresting cells in G2/M and reduced cell invasion and motility. This phenotype was associated with decreased expression of FOXM1 target genes, like cyclin B1 (CCNB1), polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), Aurora B (AURKB), S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), and plasminogen activator, urokinase: uPA (PLAU). Pharmacological inhibition of FOXM1 in an orthotopic mouse model of ATC reduced tumor burden and metastasization. All together, these findings suggest that FOXM1 represents an important player in thyroid cancer progression to the anaplastic phenotype and a potential therapeutic target for this fatal cancer.
Liver-Targeted AAV8 Gene Therapy Ameliorates Skeletal and Cardiovascular Pathology in a Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA Murine Model (2020)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) is due to the deficiency of GALNS (<i>N</i>-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate sulfatase) and is characterized by systemic skeletal dysplasia. We have evaluated adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) vectors expressing different forms of human GALNS under a liver-specific promoter. The vectors were delivered intravenously into 4-week-old MPS IVA knockout (KO) and immune tolerant (MTOL) mice at a dose of 5 × 10<sup>13</sup> genome copies (GC)/kg. These mice were monitored for 12 weeks post-injection. GALNS enzyme activity was elevated significantly in plasma of all treated mice at 2 weeks post-injection. The activity observed was 4- to 19-fold higher than that in wild-type mice and was maintained throughout the monitoring period. Treatment with AAV vectors resulted in a reduction of keratan sulfate (KS) levels in plasma to normal levels 2 weeks post-injection, which were maintained until necropsy. Both vectors reduced the storage in articular cartilage, ligaments, and meniscus surrounding articular cartilage and growth plate region as well as heart muscle and valves. Our results suggest that the continuous presence of high levels of circulating enzyme increases the penetration into bone and heart and reduces the KS level, thereby improving storage in these regions. The current data support a strategy for developing a novel treatment to address the bone and heart disease in MPS IVA using AAV gene therapy.
Influences of Interpolation Error, Electrode Geometry, and the Electrode–Tissue Interface on Models of Electric Fields Produced by Deep Brain Stimulation (2014)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapy for movement disorders, but the fundamental mechanisms by which DBS has its effects remain unknown. Computational models can provide insights into the mechanisms of DBS, but to be useful, the models must have sufficient detail to predict accurately the electric fields produced by DBS. We used a finite-element method model of the Medtronic 3387 electrode array, coupled to cable models of myelinated axons, to quantify how interpolation errors, electrode geometry, and the electrode-tissue interface affect calculation of electrical potentials and stimulation thresholds for populations of model nerve fibers. Convergence of the potentials was not a sufficient criterion for ensuring the same degree of accuracy in subsequent determination of stimulation thresholds, because the accuracy of the stimulation thresholds depended on the order of the elements. Simplifying the 3387 electrode array by ignoring the inactive contacts and extending the terminated end of the shaft had position-dependent effects on the potentials and excitation thresholds, and these simplifications may impact correlations between DBS parameters and clinical outcomes. When the current density in the bulk tissue is uniform, the effect of the electrode-tissue interface impedance could be approximated by filtering the potentials calculated with a static lumped electrical equivalent circuit. Further, for typical DBS parameters during voltage-regulated stimulation, it was valid to approximate the electrode as an ideal polarized electrode with a nonlinear capacitance. Validation of these computational considerations enables accurate modeling of the electric field produced by DBS.
Genomic Analysis of Lassa Virus during an Increase in Cases in Nigeria in 2018 (2018)

During 2018, an unusual increase in Lassa fever cases occurred in Nigeria, raising concern among national and international public health agencies. We analyzed 220 Lassa virus genomes from infected patients, including 129 from the 2017-2018 transmission season, to understand the viral populations underpinning the increase. A total of 14 initial genomes from 2018 samples were generated at Redeemer's University in Nigeria, and the findings were shared with the Nigerian Center for Disease Control in real time. We found that the increase in cases was not attributable to a particular Lassa virus strain or sustained by human-to-human transmission. Instead, the data were consistent with ongoing cross-species transmission from local rodent populations. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed extensive viral diversity that was structured according to geography, with major rivers appearing to act as barriers to migration of the rodent reservoir.
Altered Plasma Fatty Acid Abundance Is Associated with Cachexia in Treatment-Naïve Pancreatic Cancer (2022)

Cachexia occurs in up to 80% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and is characterized by unintentional weight loss and tissue wasting. To understand the metabolic changes that occur in PDAC-associated cachexia, we compared the abundance of plasma fatty acids (FAs), measured by gas chromatography, of subjects with treatment-naïve metastatic PDAC with or without cachexia, defined as a loss of > 2% weight and evidence of sarcopenia (n = 43). The abundance of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs was not different between subjects with cachexia and those without. Oleic acid was significantly higher in subjects with cachexia (p = 0.0007) and diabetes (p = 0.015). Lauric (r = 0.592, p = 0.0096) and eicosapentaenoic (r = 0.564, p = 0.015) acids were positively correlated with age in cachexia patients. Subjects with diabetes (p = 0.021) or both diabetes and cachexia (p = 0.092) had low palmitic:oleic acid ratios. Linoleic acid was lower in subjects with diabetes (p = 0.018) and correlated with hemoglobin (r = 0.519, p = 0.033) and albumin (r = 0.577, p = 0.015) in subjects with cachexia. Oleic or linoleic acid may be useful treatment targets or biomarkers of cachexia in patients with metastatic PDAC, particularly those with diabetes.
THz Generation from InN Films Based on Interference between Optical Rectification and Photocurrent Surge (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. Xu, Y. J. Ding, H. Zhao, M. Jamil, N. Tansu, I. B. Zotova, C. E. Stutz, D. E. Diggs, N. Fernelius, F. K. Hopkins, C. S. Gallinat, G. Koblmüller, and J. S. Speck, "THz Generation from InN Films Based on Interference between Optical Rectification and Photocurrent Surge," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper CTuG5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Abstract 2808: Simultaneous inhibition of SHP2 phosphatase at two allosteric sites (2018)

Abstract SHP2 is a cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase involved in the propagation of extracellular signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases. Aberrant SHP2 activity has been identified as a driver in multiple cancers and SHP2 has also been implicated in the PD-1/PD-L1-mediated exhaustion of effector T-cells, leading to immune system evasion of tumors. Recently, we reported the identification of SHP099, an allosteric inhibitor of SHP2 with in in vivo efficacy against multiple RTK-driven tumor xenograft models. Here we report the use of alternate screening paradigms to identify a novel allosteric inhibitor which binds to a previously uncharacterized pocket on SHP2. Like SHP099, the second allosteric inhibitor stabilizes a closed conformation of SHP2, which blocks access to the phosphatase active site. Structure based drug design led to improvements in potency, and combination studies in biochemical, biophysical and cellular assays confirm dual occupation of SHP099 and the second allosteric molecule, resulting in improved potency. This work highlights a rare opportunity for dual occupation of inhibitors for a single target and provides additional tools for the exploration of SHP2 biology. Citation Format: Michelle Fodor, Edmund Price, Ping Wang, Hengyu Lu, Andreea Argintaru, Zhouliang Chen, Meir Glick, Huai-Xiang Hao, Mitsunori Kato, Robert Koenig, Jonathan R. LaRochelle, Gang Liu, Eric McNeill, Dyuti Majumdar, Gisele Nishiguchi, Lawrence Perez, Greg Paris, Christopher Quinn, Timothy Ramsey, Martin Sendzik, Michael Shultz, Sarah Williams, Travis Stams, Stephen C. Blacklow, Matthew J. LaMarche, Michael G. Acker. Simultaneous inhibition of SHP2 phosphatase at two allosteric sites [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2808.
An integrated benefit-risk assessment of cobalt-containing alloys used in medical devices: Implications for regulatory requirements in the European Union (2021)

In 2017, the European Union (EU) Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) recommended the classification of metallic cobalt (Co) as Category 1B with respect to its carcinogenic and reproductive hazard potential and Category 2 for mutagenicity but did not evaluate the relevance of these classifications for patients exposed to Co-containing alloys (CoCA) used in medical devices. CoCA are inherently different materials from Co metal from a toxicological perspective and thus require a separate assessment. CoCA are biocompatible materials with a unique combination of properties including strength, durability, and a long history of safe use that make them uniquely suited for use in a wide-range of medical devices. Assessments were performed on relevant preclinical and clinical carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity data for Co and CoCA to meet the requirements under the EU Medical Device Regulation triggered by the ECHA re-classification (adopted in October 2019 under the 14th Adaptation to Technical Progress to CLP) and to address their relevance to patient safety. The objective of this review is to present an integrated overview of these assessments, a benefit-risk assessment and an examination of potential alternative materials. The data support the conclusion that the exposure to CoCA in medical devices via clinically relevant routes does not represent a hazard for carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity. Additionally, the risk for the adverse effects that are known to occur with elevated Co concentrations (e.g., cardiomyopathy) are very low for CoCA implant devices (infrequent reports often reflecting a unique catastrophic failure event out of millions of patients) and negligible for CoCA non-implant devices (not measurable/no case reports). In conclusion, the favorable benefit-risk profile also in relation to possible alternatives presented herein strongly support continued use of CoCA in medical devices.
Endothelial cell monolayers as a tool for studying microvascular pathophysiology (1997)

Endothelial cells contribute to a variety of biological responses that facilitate organ function. This critical role of the endothelial cell has resulted in the development of different in vitro models that utilize monolayers of cultured cells to simulate conditions that exist in the intact animal. This review focuses on endothelial cell monolayers as a model system for research on certain pathophysiological conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The advantages and limitations of endothelial cell monolayers are addressed, along with evolving technologies and strategies that hold promise for extending the utility of this in vitro model for studies of gastrointestinal function and disease.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE LONG-TERM STABILITY FOR DIOXIN TOXICITY EVALUATION METHOD BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (2010)

A dioxin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is one of the methods that may satisfy the requirements to reduce the cost and turn around time for the dioxin analysis. We developed a dioxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to rapidly analyze for trace levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in human milk. In this study, to aim to supply the stable assay quality, the development of long-term stable coated plates for the ELISA system was reported. To the conventional coated plate (wet plate), the dry plate ELISA indicated the stability to be able to store for 1.5 years at 11 degrees C. The IC(50) of this ELISA was 17 +/- 4 pg/well. The standard curve showed almost the same as that of the wet plate. A fairly good correlation between cross-reactivity of the ELISA and WHO-TEF was achieved for environmental matrices. This ELISA should be more practical for environmental sample monitoring.
Rational derivation of a single-layer model for laminated thin-walled beams (2007)

In this paper an equivalent single-layer theory for the analysis of laminated thin-walled beams is rationally deduced from the three-dimensional elasticity theory. Consistent constraints for strain and stress fields are enforced in the Hu-Washizu functional by a non-standard application of the Lagrange multipliers theory. Vlasov-Wagner assumptions on the middle-surface of the beam and Kirchhoff-Love restrictions are enforced as strain constraints together with dual conditions on the constitutive-related stress field. The linearly elastic properties of the equivalent single-layer beam are deduced considering an anisotropic constitutive behaviour for each lamina. The proposed model takes into account high-order effects related to thickness and curvature of the cross-section centerline, usually neglected, allowing to deduce a refined expression of the torsional warping function for open cross-section laminated beams.
Effects of Partitioning of Manganese and Silicon during Intercritical Annealing on Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Low Alloyed TRIP-assisted Steel Sheets (2017)

The effects of partitioning of Mn and Si during intercritical annealing on the transformation behavior and mechanical properties of low alloyed TRIP-assisted steel sheets were investigated by using 0.17%C-1.5%Si-1.7%Mn steel. During intercritical annealing, Mn and Si concentrated in austenite and ferrite by partitioning, respectively. This partitioning of Mn and Si suppressed the bainite transformation during austempering and decreased the volume fraction of retained austenite and its C content. This is considered to be mainly because partitioning of Mn and Si shifted the T0’ curve to the lower C concentration region and stopped the bainite transformation at a lower C concentration in residual austenite. The decrease in the volume fraction of retained austenite and its C content deteriorated the ductility of the low alloyed TRIP-assisted steel sheets. Although proper intercritical annealing is necessary in order to increase the C content in retained austenite, it should be noted that excessive intercritical annealing can deteriorate the ductility of low alloyed TRIP-assisted steel sheets by causing excessive partitioning of Mn and Si.
New Data-Efficient Attacks on Reduced-Round IDEA. (2011)

Abstract. IDEA is a 64-bit block cipher with 128-bit keys which is widely used due to its inclusion in several cryptographic packages such as PGP. After its introduction by Lai and Massey in 1991, it was subjected to an extensive cryptanalytic effort, but so far the largest variant onwhichthereareanypublishedattackscontainsonly6ofits8.5-rounds. The first 6-round attack, described in the conference version of this paper in 2007, was extremely marginal: It required essentially the entire codebook, and saved only a factor of 2 compared to the time complexity of exhaustive search. In 2009, Sun and Lai reduced the data complexity of the 6-round attack from 2 64 to 2 49 chosen plaintexts and simultaneously reducedthe time complexity from 2 127 to2 112.1 encryptions. In this revised version of our paper, we combine a highly optimized meet-in-themiddle attack with a keyless version of the Biryukov-Demirci relation to obtain new key recovery attacks on reduced-round IDEA, which dramatically reduce their data complexities and increase the number of rounds to which they are applicable. In the case of 6-round IDEA, we need only two known plaintexts (the minimal numberof 64-bit messages required to determine a 128-bit key) to perform full key recovery in 2 123.4 time. By increasing the number of known plaintexts to sixteen, we can reduce the time complexity to 2 111.9, which is slightly faster than the Sun and Lai data-intensive attack. By increasing the number of plaintexts to about one thousand, we can now attack 6.5 rounds of IDEA, which could not be attacked by any previously published technique. By pushing our techniques to extremes, we can attack 7.5 rounds using 2 63 plaintexts and 2 114 time, and by using an optimized version of a distributive attack, we can reduce the time complexity of exhaustive search on the full 8.5-round IDEA to 2 126.8 encryptions using only 16 plaintexts. 1
Hardware-in-the-loop exploration of energy versus emissions trade-off in eco-following scenarios for connected automated vehicles (2022)

Studies on eco-driving have mostly taken an energy-centric view and considered driving performance, while less attention has been paid on emissions behavior. This work extends in an experimentally verified way our understanding of the trade-offs among fuel economy, driving aggressiveness, and, especially, emissions in connected automated diesel-powered vehicles. Experiments are performed with a 6.7-L Ford Powerstroke diesel engine, a urea-SCR based NOx aftertreatment system, and a full model for a Ford F250 medium-duty truck in the loop to provide realistic assessment of fuel consumption, tailpipe emissions, and driving style performances. An energy and emissions conscious speed planner is leveraged to follow the traffic. This planner offers flexibility in prioritizing energy or emissions while satisfying user-defined headway constraints, and thus allows exploration of different calibrations in a unified way. Results show how various calibrations of the flexible leader following policy yield 8%–14% decrease in total fuel consumption and 64%–70% decrease in tailpipe emissions compared with a strictly constrained following policy.
Can silicon dimers form logic gates? (2001)

We have performed density functional theory calculations to show how a tungsten scanning probe can mediate the interactions between bistable Si(100) surface dimers. Interpreting the state of each dimer as a bit of information, we demonstrate the use of this mediated interaction to construct a NOR logic gate.
Electrostatic and covalent immobilisation of enzymes on ITQ-6 delaminated zeolitic materials (2001)

ITQ-6, a delaminated material derived from the lamellar precursor of the Ferrierite zeolite, is an excellent support for immobilisation of enzymes; this has been proved by supporting two different enzymes, β-galactosidase from Aspergillus Oryzae and penicillin G acylase from Escherichia Coli, by electrostatic and covalent interactions, respectively; the adequacy and versatility of the ITQ-6 support and the high stability and catalytic activity of the resultant supported enzymes are shown, with ITQ-6 clearly superior to other already well optimised laboratory and industrial supports for enzymes.
Microfluidic sample preparation for elemental analysis in liquid samples using micro X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (2014)

The integration of microfluidic devices with micro X‐ray fluorescence (micro‐XRF) spectrometry offers a new approach for the direct characterization of liquid materials. A sample presentation method based on use of small volumes (&lt;5 µl) of liquid contained in an XRF‐compatible device has been developed. In this feasibility study, a prototype chip was constructed, and its suitability for XRF analysis of liquids was evaluated, along with that of a commercially produced microfluidic device. Each of the chips had an analytical chamber which contained approximately 1 µl of sample when the device was filled using a pipette. The performance of the chips was assessed using micro‐XRF and high resolution monochromatic wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence, a method that provides highly selective and sensitive detection of actinides. The intended application of the device developed in this study is for measurement of Pu in spent nuclear fuel. Aqueous solutions and a synthetic spent fuel matrix were used to evaluate the devices. Sr, which has its Kα line energy close to the Pu Lα line at 14.2 keV, was utilized as a surrogate for Pu because of reduced handling risks. Between and within chip repeatability were studied, along with linearity of response and accuracy. The limit of detection for Sr determination in the chip is estimated at 5 ng/µl (ppm). This work demonstrates the applicability of microfluidic sample preparation to liquid characterization by XRF, and provides a basis for further development of this approach for elemental analysis within a range of sample types. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.