gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intravascular Polarimetry: Clinical Translation and Future Applications of Catheter-Based Polarization Sensitive Optical Frequency Domain Imaging (2020)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) visualize the coronary artery wall and plaque morphology in great detail. The advent of these high-resolution intracoronary imaging modalities has propelled our understanding of coronary atherosclerosis and provided enhanced guidance for percutaneous coronary intervention. Yet, the lack of contrast between distinct tissue types and plaque compositions impedes further elucidation of the complex mechanisms that contribute to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and hinders the prospective identification of plaques susceptible to rupture. Intravascular polarimetry with polarization-sensitive OFDI measures polarization properties of the coronary arterial wall using conventional intravascular imaging catheters. The quantitative polarization metrics display notable image contrast between several relevant coronary plaque microstructures that are difficult to identify with conventional OCT and OFDI. Tissues rich in collagen and smooth muscle cells exhibit birefringence, while lipid and macrophages cause depolarization. In this review, we describe the basic principles of intravascular polarimetry, discuss the interpretation of the polarization signatures, and outline promising avenues for future research and clinical implications.
Large-scale identification of ubiquitination sites on membrane-associated proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings (2020)

Abstract Protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination are two of the most abundant forms of post-translational modifications in eukaryotes, regulated by thousands of protein kinases, phosphatases, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and ubiquitin proteases. Although previous studies have catalogued several ubiquitinated proteins in plants (Walton et al., 2016), few membrane-localized proteins have been identified. Receptor kinases (RKs) initiate phosphorylation signal relays that regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. While the regulatory role of phosphorylation on protein kinase function is well-documented (Couto and Zipfel, 2016), considerably less is known about the role of ubiquitination on protein kinase function, even though protein turnover is critical to their signaling competence and cellular homeostasis. Here we describe the large-scale identification of ubiquitination sites on Arabidopsis proteins associated with or integral to the plasma membrane, including over 100 protein kinases.
Data from Characterization of <i>TMPRSS2</i>-ETS Gene Aberrations in Androgen-Independent Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Recurrent gene fusions between the androgen-regulated gene &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2&lt;/i&gt; and the ETS transcription factor family members &lt;i&gt;ERG, ETV1&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;ETV4&lt;/i&gt; have been identified as a critical event in prostate cancer development. In this study, we characterized the prevalence and diversity of these rearrangements in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer. We used a fluorescence &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; hybridization (FISH) split probe strategy to comprehensively evaluate &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2&lt;/i&gt;-ETS aberrations across 97 nonosseous metastatic sites of prostate cancer from 30 rapid autopsies of men who died of androgen-independent disease. Tissue microarrays were constructed representing multiple metastatic sites from each patient, and split signal FISH probes for &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2, ERG, ETV1&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;ETV4&lt;/i&gt; were used to assess for &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2-&lt;/i&gt;ETS rearrangements. In patients exhibiting these aberrations, multiple sites from an individual case harbored the same gene fusion molecular subtype suggesting clonal expansion of disease. The most common prostate cancer gene fusion, &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2-ERG&lt;/i&gt;, can be generated by the mechanism of interstitial deletion (Edel) about 39% to 60% of the time in clinically localized disease. Interestingly, we observed that all of the androgen-independent metastatic prostate cancer sites harboring &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2-ERG&lt;/i&gt; were associated with Edel. These findings suggest that &lt;i&gt;TMPRSS2-ERG&lt;/i&gt; with Edel is an aggressive and, in this study, uniformly lethal molecular subtype of prostate cancer associated with androgen-independent disease. [Cancer Res 2008;68(10):3584–90]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Multi-image motion deblurring aided by inertial sensors (2016)

This paper addresses the problem of removing spatially varying blur caused by camera motion with the help of inertial measurements recorded during exposure time. By utilizing a projective motion blur model, the camera motion is viewed as a sequence of projective transformations on the image plane, each of which can be estimated from the corresponding inertial data sample. Unfortunately, measurement noise leads to temporally increasing drift in the estimated motion trajectory and can significantly degrade the quality of recovered images. To address this issue, this paper employs capturing a small sequence of images with different exposure settings along with the recorded inertial data. A special arrangement of exposure settings is designed to anchor the correct position of the camera trajectory, followed by a drift correction step, which makes use of the sharp image structures preserved in one of the captured images. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated by conducting comparison experiments on both synthetic images and real images.
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors (2023)

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
Metallocene-Modified Uracils: Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Activity (2013)

A new family of metallocene–uracil conjugates, including [3-(N1-uracilyl)-1-(ferrocenyl)]propene (2c), [3-(N1-thyminyl)-1-(ferrocenyl)]propene (3c), [3-(N1-(5-fluorouracilyl))-1-(ferrocenyl)]propene (4c), and [3-(N1-uracilyl)-1-(ruthenocenyl)]propene (5c), was obtained in three steps from (3-chloropropionyl)ferrocene and (3-chloropropionyl)ruthenocene, respectively. The complexes 2c–5c and their intermediates 2a–5a and 2b–5b were characterized by NMR and infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of the intermediates 2b and 4a were determined by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. In the solid state, two molecules of 2b or 4a form a dimeric structure, which is held together by strong hydrogen bonds. Compounds 2c–5c were also studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The ferrocenyl–uracil derivatives 2c–4c revealed reversible uncomplicated oxidations, whereas the cyclic voltammogram of the ruthenocenyl derivative 5c showed an irreversible oxidation. Compounds 2c–5c were tested for their antiproliferative activity against human MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma and HT-29 colon carcinoma cells. Compounds 3c–5c were moderately active against MCF-7 cancerous cells. Atomic absorption spectroscopy measurements on compound 5c revealed that the ruthenocenyl derivative is taken up by HT-29 cells in a time-dependent manner. However, the ruthenium cellular level remains relatively low. Compounds 2a–5a were also tested against Gram-positive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacterial strains. Compound 4a showed significant antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains, while compounds 2a and 3b were only moderately active. No antibacterial activity was found for the ruthenocenyl derivative 5a.
Functional Characterization of ProSAAS (2002)

Prohormone convertases (PC) 1 and 2, enzymes found primarily in neuroendocrine tissues, are thought to mediate the proteolytic cleavage of many peptide precursors. To date, endogenous binding proteins for both PC2 (7B2) and PC1 (proSAAS) have been identified. Although 7B2 represents a potent inhibitor of PC2, the most important function of 7B2 as regards this enzyme appears to be the absolute requirement of PC2 for 7B2 in the generation of active enzyme, recently corroborated through production of a null animal that lacks PC2 activity. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether proSAAS exerts effects on PC1 other than inhibition, and to establish functional similarities and differences between 7B2 and proSAAS. We first asked whether the N-terminal domain of proSAAS (proSAAS-(1-180)) could stabilize PC1 activity, similar to the effect of the N-terminal domain of 7B2 on PC2. Recombinant His-tagged proSAAS-(1-180) had no effect on PC1 activity in vitro and was unable to protect PC1 from thermal denaturation. Transient cotransfection of proSAAS-(1-225) cDNA with PC1 cDNA into HEK 293 cells reduced the amount of PC1 activity detected in the medium. Surprisingly, cotransfection of proSAAS-(1-180) cDNA, encoding a protein that lacks the inhibitory C-terminal domain peptide, also reduced the activity of PC1 detected in the medium, but the mass of PC1 secreted into the medium was increased, suggesting a proSAAS-mediated inactivation reaction. Similar results were observed in CHO/PC1 cells stably transfected with pro-SAAS-(1-180). Stable transfection of SAAS cDNAs into AtT-20 cells was used to examine the role of proSAAS in a neuroendocrine setting. Unlike 7B2, proSAAS-(1-225) was able to slow convertase-mediated processing of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin; however, similarly to 7B2, proSAAS expression did not result in any accumulated differences in the content of cellular processed peptide. In summary, although both proSAAS and 7B2 potently inhibit PC enzymes via a C-terminal peptide, their intracellular interactions with PCs appear to differ significantly, with each binding protein exhibiting unique properties.
Medizinische Apps in der HNO-Heilkunde (2019)

The implementation of mobile information and communication technology in the field of health services, e. g. in the form of apps, is becoming increasingly important. Unfortunately, the necessary quality criteria are often mising. Thus, it seems important, that in addition to an app controlling authority highly qualified health care professionals participate in the development of these applications. For reasons of liability, however, the physician must exercise great caution in the selection and recommendation of medical apps, especially considering, that only a few apps are certified as medical devices. There are a large number of medical apps on the market, with only a small proportion being assigned to the field of otorhinolaryngology. The areas of audiology, sleep medicine and allergology are most frequently represented. Althouhgh there is increasing scientific work on this topic in the field of otorhinolaryngology, there is a lack of scientific evidence of contents and results, as is generally the case of medical apps. However, there are other possibilities for users to rate medical apps regarding defined qualitiy criteria such as functionality, scientific integrity, but also data privacy. None of the apps assessed by such a evaluation tool met all the required quality criteria, but the applied instrument helped to better assess the application. However, it was possible to consider the quality criteria in the developmental process of an medical app for the field of otorhinolaryngoglogy. In summary, the present work provide a comprehensive insight into the topic "Apps in Otorhinolaryngology" with the aim to use these modern aids in a beneficial way.
Time in grid-oriented VPLs: just another dimension? (2002)

Specifying varying speeds and temporal relationships is necessary when programming graphical animations, but support for temporal programming has usually been done by adding new language features to a VPL, and these features must be mastered over and above the other aspects of the VPL. However, some researchers have believed that time should be able to be treated like just another dimension. We explore whether temporal programming can indeed be done using exactly the same devices as in spatial programming in grid-oriented VPLs. Toward this end, we provide a continuum of models aimed at this goal, with their advantages and disadvantages. Also, we identify core issues that help illuminate the essence of the problem.
Intramuscular and Intradermal Electroporation of HIV-1 PENNVAX-GP® DNA Vaccine and IL-12 Is Safe, Tolerable, Acceptable in Healthy Adults (2020)

ID/EP and IM/EP are distinct experiences; however, HIV-1 DNA vaccination by either route was safe, tolerable and acceptable by most study participants.
JuxtaPiton (2019)

Energy efficiency has become an increasingly important concern in computer architecture due to the end of Dennard scaling. Heterogeneity has been explored as a way to achieve better energy efficiency and heterogeneous microarchitecture chips have become common in the mobile setting. Recent research has explored using heterogeneous-ISA, heterogeneous microarchitecture, general-purpose cores to achieve further energy efficiency gains. However, there is no open-source hardware implementation of a heterogeneous-ISA processor available for research, and effective research on heterogeneous-ISA processors necessitates the emulation speed provided by FPGA prototyping. This work describes our experiences creating JuxtaPiton by integrating a small RISC-V core into the OpenPiton framework, which uses a modified OpenSPARC T1 core. This is the first time a new core has been integrated with the OpenPiton framework, and JuxtaPiton is the first open-source, general-purpose, heterogeneous-ISA processor. JuxtaPiton inherits all the capabilities of OpenPiton, including vital FPGA emulation infrastructure which can boot full-stack Debian Linux. Using this infrastructure, we investigate area and timing effects of using the new RISC-V core on FPGA and the performance of the new core running microbenchmarks.
The determination of the diethylene glycol incorporated in poly(ethylene terephthalate) by thin layer chromatography. III.1 (1969)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to propose a new method for the determination of diethylene glycol units, incorporated in PET‐chains. After saponification overnight at 150°C with aqueous KOH, the diethylene glycol is determinated by thin layer chromatography. This method is not as accurate as the currently used gas chromatographic ones, but has the advantage to be much simpler and it is also quite sufficient for quality control purposes.
Priority Intelligence Requirement Answering and Commercial Question-Answering: Identifying the Gaps (2010)

Abstract: Doctrinally, Priority Intelligence Requirements (PIRs) are information that the commander needs to know in order to make a decision or achieve a desired effect. Networked warfare provides the intelligence officer with access to multitudes of reports and sensor outputs. What technology can the intelligence officer use to find answers to PIRs in this sea of information? Recent developments in enterprise search technology have accelerated. To what extent can commercial search technologies assist with the task of PIR answering? In this paper, we outline doctrinal approaches to PIRs and PIR answering and explore how they have been adapted to contemporary warfare. We then explore five types of questionanswering technologies: structured data technologies; unstructured textbased technologies; semistructured or “tagged text”based; logic or “semantic web ” technologies; and social questionanswering technologies. We identify gaps in the PIR answering process that cannot be filled by contemporary Commercial offtheshelf (COTS) solutions. 1.
Dummy Oxide Removal in High-K Last Process Integration how to Avoid Silicon Corrosion Issue (2012)

The industry has diverged into two main approaches for high-k and metal gate (HKMG) integration. One is the so called gate-first. The other is gate-last, also called replacement metal gate (RMG) where the gate electrode is deposited after junctions formation and the high-k gate dielectric is deposited in the beginning of the flow (high-k first-RMG) or just prior to gate electrode deposition (high-k last-RMG) [1-. We can distinguish two RMG process flows called either high-k first or high-k last. In RMG high-k first, poly silicon is removed on top of a TiN etch stop layer whereas on high-k last poly silicon is removed on top of a dummy oxide layer. This dummy oxide has also to be removed in order to redeposit a novel high-k and work function metal (Figure 1).
Comparison of the effects of the PI3K/mTOR inhibitors NVP-BEZ235 and GSK2126458 on tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells (2011)

Increased resistance to tamoxifen in these MCF-7 sub-lines is not associated with hypersensitivity to PI3K inhibitors. While both drugs inhibited AKT signaling, NVP-BEZ235 resembled rapamycin in inhibiting the mTOR pathway.
Search for Higgs boson pair production in events with two bottom quarks and two tau leptons in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV (2018)

A search for the production of Higgs boson pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb -1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with one Higgs boson decaying into two bottom quarks and the other decaying into two leptons are explored to investigate both resonant and nonresonant production mechanisms. The data are found to be consistent, within uncertainties, with the standard model background predictions. For resonant production, upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section for Higgs boson pairs as a function of the hypothesized resonance mass and are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. For nonresonant production, upper limits on the production cross section constrain the parameter space for anomalous Higgs boson couplings. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level corresponds to about 30 (25) times the prediction of the standard model.
Charge Transfer Evidence between Carbon Nanotubes and Encapsulated Conjugated Oligomers (2011)

A hybrid system consisting of quaterthiophene derivative inserted into carbon nanotubes is studied. Encapsulation efficiency of the conjugated oligomers in the hollow core of nanotubes is investigated by transmission electron microscopy and spatial-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy showed evidence of a significant positive charge transfer on the inserted oligothiophene. Raman spectra display different behaviors depending on the excitation energy and correlated to the quaterthiophene optical absorption energy. At high excitation wavelength (far from the oligomer resonance), radial breathing modes exhibit a significant upshift consistent with an encapsulation effect. At low excitation wavelength (close to the oligomer resonance), both the G-band shift and the low-frequency modes vanishing suggest a significant charge transfer between the quaterthiophene and the nanotubes.
Electrical and optical properties of ZnO films deposited by ECR‐PECVD (2006)

Abstract The effect of bias voltage on characteristics of ZnO thin films deposited by the electron cyclotron resonance plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR‐PECVD) method was investigated. The structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO thin films were studied as a function of O 2 /dielthylzinc ratio and applied bias voltage. Applying –600 V bias voltage on the substrate during deposition can reduce the sheet resistance by a magnitude of 10 4 without deteriorating the optical transmittance. The optical band gap was increased from 3.36 to 3.54 eV with bias voltage increase. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Physical Activity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Roundtable Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine (2023)

Although physical activity (PA) is crucial in the prevention and clinical management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, most individuals with this chronic disease are inactive and do not achieve recommended amounts of PA. There is a robust and consistent body of evidence highlighting the benefit of participating in regular PA, including a reduction in liver fat and improvement in body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, vascular biology, and health-related quality of life. Importantly, the benefits of regular PA can be seen without clinically significant weight loss. At least 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA are recommended weekly for all patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, including those with compensated cirrhosis. If a formal exercise training program is prescribed, aerobic exercise with the addition of resistance training is preferred. In this roundtable document, the benefits of PA are discussed, along with recommendations for 1) PA assessment and screening; 2) how best to advise, counsel, and prescribe regular PA; and 3) when to refer to an exercise specialist.
Extraction of equivalent circuits for microstrip components and discontinuities using the genetic algorithm (1998)

This letter introduces a new technique based on the application of the genetic algorithm (GA) for extracting the equivalent circuits-from measured or computed S-parameters-that can be inserted into SPICE simulations. The GA is a robust optimization tool that is shown to yield excellent results for discontinuities in microstrip lines, for instance a right-angled bend, and for microwave circuits, e.g., planar inductors and parallel plate capacitors.
Superoxide anion production and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in Coxiella burnetii (1983)

Coxiella burnetii was examined for superoxide anion (O2-) production and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The organism generated O2- at pH 4.5 but not at pH 7.4. The rickettsia displayed superoxide dismutase activity distinguishable from that of the host cell (L-929 mouse fibroblast). Catalase activity was maximal at pH 7.0 and diminished at pH 4.5. These enzymes may account, in part, for the ability of this obligate intracellular parasite to survive within phagocytes.
La vie intellectuelle et scientifique à Bruxelles vers 1763 (1991)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published