gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Detection of H2O2Using an Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode (2022)

Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is extensively used for sterilization purposes in the food industries and pharmaceuticals as an antimicrobial agent. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the permissible level of H 2 O 2 in milk is in the range of 0.04 to 0.05% w/v, so it has been prohibited to use as a preservative agent. Herein, we reported the electrochemical sensing of H 2 O 2 in milk samples using an activated glassy carbon electrode (AGCE). For this purpose, activation of GCE was carried out in 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 by continuous potential sweeping between −0.7 to 1.8 V for 25 cycles. The AGCE showed a redox peak at -0.18 V in the neutral medium corresponding to the quinone functional groups present on the electrode surface. AGCE was studied in (pH 7.4) 0.1 M PBS for the electro-catalysis of H 2 O 2 . The surface of the activated electrode was analysed by Raman spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. In addition, for the activated surface, the contact angle was found to be 85° which indicated the hydrophilic nature of the surface. The different optimization parameters such as (1) effect of electrolyte ions, (2) electrooxidation cycles, and (3) oxidation potential windows were studied to improve the activation process. Finally, AGCE was used to detect H 2 O 2 from 0.1 to 10 mM and the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.053 mM with a linear correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.9633. The selectivity of the sensor towards H 2 O 2 was carried out in the presence of other interferents. The sensitivity of the AGCE sensor was calculated as 17.16 μ A mol cm −2 . Finally, the commercial application of the sensor was verified by testing it in milk samples with H 2 O 2 in the recovery range of 95%–98%.
Demonstration of broadband and wide-angle optical metasurface-based waveplates (2014)

In this paper we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of broadband and wide-angle metasurface-based optical waveplates. Such nanostructured waveplates are formed by an array of rectangular gold nanopatches on a solid gold layer backed glass spacer. Through engineering the anisotropic resonant response and inter-element coupling of the nanopatch array, highly efficient polarization conversion can be achieved to generate an arbitrary state-of-polarization in a broad wavelength and wide angular range. As a proof-of-concept example, a near-infrared quarter-wave metasurface waveplate is experimentally demonstrated, showing a polarization conversion ratio higher than 91% and energy efficiency over 86% within a wavelength range from 630 nm to 1290 nm.
Biological Parameters for Mass Propagation ofCatolaccus grandis(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) (1995)

We studied the influences of mating history, parental age, pupal weight of parasitoids, host deprivation, and host size on the reproductive potential and sex ratio of Catolaccus grandis (Burks), a parasitoid of the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis grandis (Boheman). Absence of hosts for 5 or 10 d reduced the fecundity of C. grandis females by 36.8 and 39.5%, respectively, compared with parasitoids continually exposed to host larvae. An acceptable sex ratio (65% females) in the propagation system was maintained if a ratio of 3 males per female parasitoid was used during the 1st h of mating, immediately after emergence. As female adults aged from 5 to 10 d, the percentage of female progeny increased from 64.0 to 77.2, respectively. However, a further increase in female age, from 20 to 25 d, resulted in a decline in percentage of female progeny from 54.0 to 48.5. The proportion of female progeny increased with the size of the host parasitized. A significant correlation was found between weight of female pupae of C. grandis and their fecundity during the first 30 d of oviposition. These data will be used to optimize mass rearing of C. grandis for inoculative and augmentative releases to suppress boIl weevil populations in cotton fields.
Heterogeneous 3D Integration for a RISC-V System With STT-MRAM (2020)

Spin Torque Transfer Magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM) is a promising Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technology achieving high density, low leakage power, and relatively small read/write delays. It provides a solution to improve the performance and to mitigate the leakage power consumption compared to SRAM-based processors. However, the process heterogeneity and the sophisticated back-end-of-line (BEOL) structure make it difficult to integrate the STT-MRAM in two-dimensional integrated circuits (2D ICs). In this article, we implement a RISC-V-based processor with STT-MRAM using a heterogeneous 3D integration methodology. Compared with the SRAM-based 2D counterpart, the MRAM-based 3D IC provides up to 17.55 percent silicon area saving, together with either 34.74 percent performance gain or 13.90 percent energy reduction.
ISIS: An 'Easy' Score to Predict Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Results. (2015)

The literature reports disappointing results in the Bankart arthroscopic procedure related to different pre-operative factors. Instability Severity Index Score (ISIS) has been promoted by P Boileau to select patients for indications in chronic anterior instability.
Genome-wide association analysis identifies susceptibility loci for migraine without aura (2012)

Free to read at publisher's website. Migraine without aura is the most common form of migraine, characterized by recurrent disabling headache and associated autonomic symptoms. To identify common genetic variants associated with this migraine type, we analyzed genome-wide association data of 2,326 clinic-based German and Dutch individuals with migraine without aura and 4,580 population-matched controls. We selected SNPs from 12 loci with 2 or more SNPs associated with P values of &lt;1 x 10(-5) for replication testing in 2,508 individuals with migraine without aura and 2,652 controls. SNPs at two of these loci showed convincing replication: at 1q22 (in MEF2D; replication P = 4.9 x 10(-4); combined P = 7.06 x 10(-11)) and at 3p24 (near TGFBR2; replication P = 1.0 x 10(-4); combined P = 1.17 x 10(-9)). In addition, SNPs at the PHACTR1 and ASTN2 loci showed suggestive evidence of replication (P = 0.01; combined P = 3.20 x 10(-8) and P = 0.02; combined P = 3.86 x 10(-8), respectively). We also replicated associations at two previously reported migraine loci in or near TRPM8 and LRP1. This study identifies the first susceptibility loci for migraine without aura, thereby expanding our knowledge of this debilitating neurological disorder.
Evaluation of 3-l- and 3-d-[18F]Fluorophenylalanines as PET Tracers for Tumor Imaging (2021)

Both novel tracers enable accurate tumor delineation with an imaging quality comparable to [<sup>18</sup>F]FET.
QUANTITATION OF THE CHANGES IN SPLENIC ARCHITECTURE DURING THE REJECTION OF CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS OR XENOGRAFTS1 (1997)

These observations collectively suggest that both T cell-dependent and T cell-independent responses are stimulated by the transplanted xenograft. However, the T cell-independent responses that initiate xenograft rejection are characterized by very modest increases in the area of MZ and follicles within the white pulp of the spleen.
Effects of C-17 heterocyclic substituents on the anticancer activity of 2-ethylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-O-sulfamates: synthesis, in vitro evaluation and computational modelling (2008)

The potent activity of 2-substituted estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-O-sulfamates against the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and tumours in vivo highlights the therapeutic potential of such compounds. Optimal activity is derived from a combination of a 2-XMe group (where X = CH(2), O or S), a 3-O-sulfamate group in the steroidal A-ring and a H-bond acceptor around C-17 of the D-ring. Herein, we describe the synthesis and anti-proliferative activities of a series of novel 2-substituted estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-O-sulfamates bearing heterocyclic substituents (oxazole, tetrazole, triazole) tethered to C-17. In vitro evaluation of these molecules revealed that high anti-proliferative activity in breast and prostate cancer cells lines (GI(50) of 340-850 nM) could be retained when the heterocyclic substituent possesses H-bond acceptor properties. A good correlation between the calculated electron density of the heterocyclic ring and anti-proliferative activity was observed. Docking of the most active compounds into their putative site of action, the colchicine binding site of tubulin, suggests that they bind through a different mode to the previously described bis-sulfamate derivatives and 1 and 2, which possess similar in vitro activity.
Communication-Efficient Robust Federated Learning Over Heterogeneous Datasets (2020)

This work investigates fault-resilient federated learning when the data samples are non-uniformly distributed across workers, and the number of faulty workers is unknown to the central server. In the presence of adversarially faulty workers who may strategically corrupt datasets, the local messages exchanged (e.g., local gradients and/or local model parameters) can be unreliable, and thus the vanilla stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm is not guaranteed to converge. Recently developed algorithms improve upon vanilla SGD by providing robustness to faulty workers at the price of slowing down convergence. To remedy this limitation, the present work introduces a fault-resilient proximal gradient (FRPG) algorithm that relies on Nesterov's acceleration technique. To reduce the communication overhead of FRPG, a local (L) FRPG algorithm is also developed to allow for intermittent server-workers parameter exchanges. For strongly convex loss functions, FRPG and LFRPG have provably faster convergence rates than a benchmark robust stochastic aggregation algorithm. Moreover, LFRPG converges faster than FRPG while using the same communication rounds. Numerical tests performed on various real datasets confirm the accelerated convergence of FRPG and LFRPG over the robust stochastic aggregation benchmark and competing alternatives.
Semantic Image Labelling as a Label Puzzle Game (2011)

In this work we introduce a novel solution to the semantic image labelling problem, i.e. the task of assigning semantic object class labels to individual pixels in a test image. Conventional methods are typically relying on random fields for modelling interactions between neighboring pixels and obtaining smooth labelling results using unary and pairwise cost functions. Instead, we consider the labelling problem as a puzzle game, where the final labelling is obtained by assembling discriminatively learned candidate sets of label puzzle pieces, each representing a topological and semantically plausible label configuration. The puzzle game is set up by means of a modified random forest classifier, designed to learn the local, topological label-structure and hence the local context associated to the training data. To solve the puzzle game we propose an iterative optimization technique that maximizes an agreement function by alternatingly seeking for the best label puzzle piece per pixel and the resulting semantic labelling per image. We provide both, theoretical properties of our puzzle solver algorithm as well as experimental results on the challenging MSRC and CamVid databases. In a direct comparison with a conditional random field we obtain superior results, indicating the practicability of our proposed method.
Un nouveau rôle non métabolique de la glutamine synthétase au cours de l’angiogenèse (2019)

sponsorship: ERC-2010-AdG|269073, ERC-2016-AdG|743074, Gouvernement Flamand « long-term structural Methusalem, FWO, FWO ‘Krediet aan navorsers’
High-speed superconducting single photon detectors for innovative astronomical applications (2008)

Superconducting Single Photon Detectors (SSPD) are now mature enough to provide extremely interesting detector performances in term of sensitivity, speed, and geometry in the visible and near infrared wavelengths. Taking advantage of recent results obtained in the Sinphonia project, the goal of our research is to demonstrate the feasibility of a new family of micro-spectrometers, called SWIFTS (Stationary Wave Integrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer), associated to an array of SSPD, the whole assembly being integrated on a monolithic sapphire substrate coupling the detectors array to a waveguide injecting the light. This unique association will create a major breakthrough in the domain of visible and infrared spectroscopy for all applications where the space and weight of the instrument is limited. SWIFTS is an innovative way to achieve very compact spectro-detectors using nano-detectors coupled to evanescent field of dielectric integrated optics. The system is sensitive to the interferogram inside the dielectric waveguide along the propagation path. Astronomical instruments will be the first application of such SSPD spectrometers. In this paper, we describes in details the fabrication process of our SSPD built at CEA/DRFMC using ultra-thin NbN epitaxial films deposited on different orientations of Sapphire substrates having state of the art superconducting characteristics. Electron beam lithography is routinely used for patterning the devices having line widths below 200 nm and down to 70 nm. An experimental set-up has been built and used to test these SSPD devices and evaluate their photon counting performances. Photon counting performances of our devices have been demonstrated with extremely low dark counts giving excellent signal to noise ratios. The extreme compactness of this concept is interesting for space spectroscopic applications. Some new astronomical applications of such concept are proposed in this paper.
Metabolic correlates of learning disability. (1989)

To summarize, the neuropsychologic findings in MSUD and MMA children in both groups demonstrated deficits in cognitive/language areas, but interesting individual differences existed. For example, a marked contrast in abilities existed between NT and GV, even taking into account the age difference between these children with MSUD. While NT's general intellectual functioning was within the low-average range, GV was severely impaired. In more specific areas of cognitive functioning, NT had an uneven performance profile with areas of strengths and weaknesses, while GV evidenced a flat profile with significant impairment in all areas. NT demonstrated mild delay in visual-spatial processing, articulation development, motor-speech abilities, and selective attention and concentration; however, his language and psychosocial development were within the broad range of normality. In contrast, GV exhibited severe dysfunction in speech, language, and perceptual/conceptual development. The three children with MMA also exhibited a range of disabilities in cognitive functioning. TJ and SH contrasted in the degree of developmental delay across language and cognitive domains. Both were distractible and exhibited very short attention spans but there was a measurable difference in the extent of their speech, language, visual-spatial development. CH was markedly delayed in all areas of cognitive development, which is consistent with global retardation. The severity of her disease and its probable impact on brain development were undoubtedly related to her intellectual impairment. These datasets illustrate the challenges we face, because within each group we see a range of impairment. Nevertheless, we are optimistic that our efforts to relate metabolic, anatomic and neuropsychologic findings for such children will lead to a better understanding of these disorders. We are hopeful that this will result in new advances in diagnosis and intervention, which will ultimately improve the prognosis for cognitive development. In summary, a multidisciplinary center has been established at UCSD to study the neurologic basis of disorders of language, learning and behavior in infants and children. The center draws together a group of researchers from many fields including neurology, biochemistry, pediatrics, cognitive and developmental neuropsychology, psycholinguistics, neurophysiology and communicative disorders. Because of the diverse interests and expertise of our group, it is hoped to forge a synthesis of the behavioral and neurosciences to study populations of children with a variety of neurologic, metabolic, and language/learning disorders. Disorders currently under study include Lesch-Nyhan disease, oculocutaneous tyrosinemia, propionic acidemia, carnitine palmityl transferase deficiency, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, histidinemia, Hartnup disease, citrullinemia, galactosemia, maple syrup urine disease, and methylmalonic acidemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Removal of Nano-Particles by Mixed-Fluid Jet: Evaluation of Cleaning Performance and Comparison with Megasonic (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Demonstration of anti-Stokes cooling in Yb-doped ZBLAN fibers at atmospheric pressure (2019)

For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, optical cooling is demonstrated in a fiber at atmospheric pressure. Using a specialized slow-light fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, -5.2 mK and -0.65 K were measured in a single-mode (1% YbF<sub>3</sub>) and multimode (3% YbF<sub>3</sub>) ZBLAN fiber with respective cooling efficiencies of 2.2% and 0.90%. Fitting a recently reported quantitative model of optical cooling in fibers to the measured temperature change dependence on the pump power per unit length validates the model and allows us to infer the fibers' absorptive loss and quenching lifetime, key parameters that are scarce in literature. These values are necessary for accurate cooling predictions and will aid in the development of fibers for application in optical coolers and radiation-balanced lasers.
Confined organization of fullerene units along high polymer chains (2013)

Conductive fullerene (C60) units were designed to be arranged in one dimensional close contact by locally organizing them with covalent bonds in a spatially constrained manner. Combined molecular dynamics and quantum chemical calculations predicted that the intramolecular electronic interactions (i.e. charge transport) between the pendant C60 units could be controlled by the length of the spacers linking the C60 units and the polymer main chain. In this context, C60 side-chain polymers with high relative degrees of polymerization up to 1220 and fullerene compositions up to 53% were synthesized by ruthenium catalyzed ring-opening metathesis polymerization of the corresponding norbornene-functionalized monomers. UV/vis absorption and photothermal deflection spectra corroborated the enhanced inter-fullerene interactions along the polymer chains. The electron mobility measured for the thin film field-effect transistor devices from the polymers was more than an order of magnitude higher than that from the monomers, as a result of the stronger electronic coupling between the adjacent fullerene units within the long polymer chains. This molecular design strategy represents a general approach to the enhancement of charge transport properties of organic materials via covalent bond-based organization.
Bridging the Web Accessibility Divide (2009)

The Web has become the primary medium for accessing information and for conducting many types of online transactions, including shopping, paying bills, making travel plans, etc. The primary mode of interaction over the Web is via graphical browsers designed for visual navigation. Sighted users can visually segment web pages and quickly identify relevant information. On the contrary, screen readers - the dominant assistive technology used by visually impaired individuals - function by speaking out the screen's content serially. Consequently, users with visual impairments are forced to listen to the information in web pages sequentially, thereby experiencing considerable information overload. This problem becomes even more prominent when conducting online transactions that often involve a number of steps spanning several pages. Thus, there is a large gap in Web accessibility between individuals with visual impairments and their sighted counterparts. This paper we describe our ongoing work on this problem. We have developed several techniques that synergistically couple web content analysis, user's browsing context, process modeling and machine learning to bridge this divide. These techniques include: 1) context-directed browsing that uses link context to find relevant information as users move from page to page; 2) change detection that separates the interface from the implementation of web pages and helps users find relevant information in changing web content; and 3) process modeling that helps users find concepts relevant in web transactions. We describe these three techniques within the context of our Hearsay non-visual web browser.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Kinetic Reaction between Ni and Al Nanoparticles (2009)

Abstract : Molecular dynamics simulations are used to simulate the energetic reaction of Ni and Al particles at the nanometer scale. The effect of particle size on reaction time and temperature for separate nanoparticles has been considered as a model system for a powder metallurgy system. Coated nanoparticles in the form of Ni-coated Al nanoparticles and Al-coated Ni nanoparticles are also analyzed as a model for nanoparticles embedded within a matrix. The differences in melting temperature and phase change behavior, e.g., the volumetric expansion of Al between Al and Ni, are expected to produce differing results for the coated nanoparticle systems. For instance, the volumetric expansion of Al upon melting is expected to produce large tensile stresses and possibly rupture in the Ni shell for Ni-coated Al. Simulation results show that the sintering time for separate and coated nanoparticles is nearly linearly dependent on the number of atoms or volume of the sintering nanoparticles. We have also found that nanoparticle size and surface energy are important factors in determining the adiabatic reaction temperature for both systems at nanoparticle sizes of less than 10 nm in diameter.
Hybrid Clustering of Long and Short-read for Improved Metagenome Assembly (2021)

ABSTRACT Next-generation sequencing has enabled metagenomics, the study of the genomes of microorganisms sampled directly from the environment without cultivation. We previously developed a proof-of-concept, scalable metagenome clustering algorithm based on Apache Spark to cluster sequence reads according to their species of origin. To overcome its under-clustering problem on short-read sequences, in this study we developed a new, two-step Label Propagation Algorithm (LPA) that first forms clusters of long reads and then recruits short reads to these clusters. Compared to alternative label propagation strategies, this hybrid clustering algorithm (hybrid-LPA) yields significantly larger read clusters without compromising cluster purity. We show that adding an extra clustering step before assembly leads to improved metagenome assemblies, predicting more complete genomes or gene clusters from a synthetic metagenome dataset and a real-world metagenome dataset, respectively. These results suggest that hybrid-LPA is a good alternative to current metagenome assembly practice by providing benefits in both scalability and accuracy on large metagenome datasets. Availability and implementation https://bitbucket.org/zhong_wang/hybridlpa/src/master/ . Contact zhongwang@lbl.gov