gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1046Cardiac MR left ventricular myocardial strain derived from deformation fields using balanced steady state free precession cine imaging in patients with scleroderma (2013)

Background: Cardiac MRI derived LV strain analysis has not been performed in a cohort of patients with scleroderma-associated non-ischemic heart disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate left ventricular (LV) strain derived from deformation fields obtained using balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) CMR in a cohort of patients with scleroderma, comparing to speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: Retrospective MR strain analysis was performed in 13 consecutive patients (12 males, average age 38 years) with scleroderma referred to MR for cardiovascular evaluation. All patients were imaged on a 1.5T scanner (Magnetom Avanto or Aera, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). Bright blood cine short axis images (TR/TE 42/1.2, FA 79 degrees, 25 phases, BW 930, 1.7 x 1.7 x 6 mm3) were analyzed using prototype software (Siemens Corp., Corporate Technology, Princeton, New Jersey). Similar to speckle tracking, the spatio-temporal deformation of the LV muscle on cine images was used to derive deformation fields and quantify radial and circumferential strain indices. Global peak radial and circumferential strains were compared to values obtained at STE. Agreement was assessed using the Pearson coefficient; differences in continuous variables were analyzed using the t-test. Results: Strain analysis was successful in all CMR datasets. Bland-Altman plots comparing peak global CMR and STE for radial and circumferential systolic strain values are shown in Figure 1. Global peak CMR circumferential strain demonstrated good correlation with STE (r = 0.77) with limited peak radial strain correlation (r = 0.31). CMR derived peak circumferential and peak radial strain significantly underestimated those at STE (-10.0% vs. -25.8% and 18.6% vs 40.0% respectively). CMR and STE Bland-Altman analysis for peak radial (A) and circumferential (B) strain.
Polarization-resolved second-harmonic-generation optical coherence tomography in collagen (2004)

We describe a novel imaging technique, second-harmonic-generation optical coherence tomography (SHOCT). This technique combines the spatial resolution and depth penetration of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the molecular sensitivity of second-harmonic-generation spectroscopy. As a consequence of the coherent detection required for OCT, polarization-resolved images arise naturally. We demonstrate this new technique on a skin sample from the belly of Icelandic salmon, acquiring polarization-resolved SHOCT and OCT images simultaneously.
THE EFFECTS OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 AND NERVE GROWTH FACTOR ON DENERVATED MUSCLE ATROPHY (2001)

The effects of growth factors on denervated muscle atrophy in mouse gastrocnemius muscle were studied by morphometric, physiologic and histologic methods. Fifteen mice were randomized into three groups: intact, denervated-insulin-like growth factor-1-treated (D-IGF-1) and denervated-nerve growth factor-treated (D-NGF). In denervated animals, the left sides were used as a control by injecting balanced salt solution (HBSS), while the right sides were injected with growth factors. The mean wet weight and the mean wet weight/body weight were significantly higher in D-IGF-1 muscles compared to the D-NGF and D-HBSS muscles, but were not different from the muscle of intact controls. Physiologic testing showed that the mean maximal tetanic twitch strength and the mean maximal fast twitch strength were also significantly higher in the D-IGF-1 muscles than in the D-NGF and D-HBSS muscles. Mean time-to-peak was significantly only decreased in the D-NGF muscles. Histological studies found that the mean percentage of type 2 fiber was significantly higher in D-NGF muscles. The types I and II mean diameters in the D-IGF-1 muscles were larger than in the D-NGF and D-HBSS muscles, but all denervated muscles had higher interstitial fibrosis than the intact controls. In conclusion, we show that IGF-1 can effectively retard denervated muscle atrophy by increasing types I and II fibre muscle diameter. However, IGF-1 cannot prevent interstitial fibrosis in the denervated muscle.
A Novel and Robust Approach for Common Mode Feedback Using IDDG FinFET (2008)

In this paper, we propose a novel and robust approach for common mode feedback (CMFB) for a differential amplifier using independently driven double gate (IDDG) FinFET technology. The performance of a differential amplifier with and without the proposed CMFB scheme is compared using 2-D mixed mode device and circuit simulations. It is shown from extensive simulation results that it is possible to achieve a common mode rejection ratio of 90 dB with improved performance in terms of area, power, and bandwidth even in the presence of process variations. Stability analysis shows that the proposed CMFB scheme does not need any compensating network. The idea is validated using extensive mixed-mode circuit simulations on IDDG FinFET circuits in sub-45-nm node technologies.
Evaluation of multiple transcriptomic gene risk signatures in male breast cancer (2021)

Male breast cancer (BCa) is a rare disease accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancers and 1% of all cancers in males. The clinical management is largely extrapolated from female BCa. Several multigene assays are increasingly used to guide clinical treatment decisions in female BCa, however, there are limited data on the utility of these tests in male BCa. Here we present the gene expression results of 381 M0, ER+ve, HER2-ve male BCa patients enrolled in the Part 1 (retrospective analysis) of the International Male Breast Cancer Program. Using a custom NanoString™ panel comprised of the genes from the commercial risk tests Prosigna®, OncotypeDX®, and MammaPrint®, risk scores and intrinsic subtyping data were generated to recapitulate the commercial tests as described by us previously. We also examined the prognostic value of other risk scores such as the Genomic Grade Index (GGI), IHC4-mRNA and our prognostic 95-gene signature. In this sample set of male BCa, we demonstrated prognostic utility on univariate analysis. Across all signatures, patients whose samples were identified as low-risk experienced better outcomes than intermediate-risk, with those classed as high risk experiencing the poorest outcomes. As seen with female BCa, the concordance between tests was poor, with C-index values ranging from 40.3% to 78.2% and Kappa values ranging from 0.17 to 0.58. To our knowledge, this is the largest study of male breast cancers assayed to generate risk scores of the current commercial and academic risk tests demonstrating comparable clinical utility to female BCa.
A Small Molecule Inhibitor of ETV1, YK-4-279, Prevents Prostate Cancer Growth and Metastasis in a Mouse Xenograft Model (2014)

Our results demonstrate that YK-4-279 is a potent inhibitor of ETV1 and inhibits both the primary tumor growth and metastasis of fusion positive prostate cancer xenografts. Therefore, YK-4-279 or similar compounds may be evaluated as a potential therapeutic tool for treatment of human prostate cancer at different stages.
Out-of-Band Radiation from Large Antenna Arrays (2016)

Co-existing wireless systems, which share a common spectrum, need to mitigate out-of-band (OOB) radiation to avoid excessive interference. For legacy systems, OOB radiation is well understood and is commonly handled by digital precompensation techniques. When using large arrays, however, new phenomena and hardware limitations have to be considered. First, signals can be radiated directionally, which might focus the OOB radiation. Second, low-complexity hardware is used for cost reasons, which increases the relative amount of OOB radiation. Given that massive MIMO and millimeter wave communication rely on base stations with a large number of antennas, the spatial behavior of OOB radiation from large arrays will have significant implications for the hardware requirements of future base stations. We show that, if the OOB radiation is beamformed, its array gain is never larger than that of the in-band signal. In many cases, the OOB radiation is close to isotropic even when the in-band signal is highly directive. With the same total radiated power, the OOB radiation from large arrays is therefore never more severe than from a legacy system with the same adjacent-channel-leakage ratio. Further, the OOB radiation is less detrimental than from a legacy system since the high array gain of the in-band signal allows large arrays to radiate less total power than legacy systems. We also show how OOB radiation from large arrays varies with location in static propagation environments and how these effects vanish when averaged over the small-scale fading. Since a higher relative amount of OOB radiation can be tolerated for large arrays, the linearity requirement can be relaxed as compared to legacy systems. Specifically, less stringent linearity requirements on each transmitter makes it possible to build large arrays from low-complexity hardware.
Tailor-made polymers through selective modification (2002)

Despite being generally regarded as “mass materials” without a high degree of sophistication in public, plastics are revolutionizing our life with new innovations on a day-to-day basis. While stunning developments like self-healing polymers or high-performance nanocomposites are still in a basic phase of their development, recent years have seen “commodity” materials like polyolefins evolving into performance polymers with a variety of technically demanding applications. This has become possible through a selective modification of the material properties on all structural and productional levels: Catalyst and chain structure, copolymerisation and phase morphology, conventional and reactive compounding, processing and crystallinity. A state-of-art review and an outlook on future developments for polyolefins in general, but polypropylene in particular, is given.
Computer-aided alignment of a grazing-incidence ring resonator for a visible wavelength free-electron laser (1991)

A static computer-aided method used to align a visible wavelength grazing incidence ring resonator for a free-electron laser (FEL) is presented with a brief description of the hardware, results of numerical simulations, and actual initial data. A computer-aided alignment scheme is particularly useful for this application due to the optical system complexity and the need for precise results. Although the system hardware has not yet been perfected, initial data shows that this technique works and presents a viable solution to this alignment problem. Utilizing information from an interferogram taken at a single axial field point and information about the chief ray of the optical system, it is shown that it is possible to converge to an alignment solution using a constrained damped least squares optimization in a commercially available lens design package.
Association of Glaucoma Risk Genes with Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in a Multi-ethnic Asian Population: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study (2020)

Of the 35 glaucoma identified risk loci, only SIX6 is significantly and independently associated with thinner RNFL. Our study further supports the involvement of SIX6 with RNFL thickness and pathogensis of glaucoma.
Safe and Efficient Tophole Drilling using Riserless Mud Recovery and Managed Pressure Cementing (2014)

Riserless dual gradient technology enables drilling tophole with weighted and engineered mud without discharge to sea. A Suction Module is run and installed subsea. This has a collection chamber where well returns are collected and diverted to a subsea mud pump. A Mud Return Line allows pumping or lifting the mud and cuttings back to surface. In this way a "closed loop system" is established; mud and cuttings are collected at seafloor and returned to the shakers as with post-BOP drilling techniques. The technique eliminates discharges of mud and cuttings at seafloor and thereby a weighted and engineered mud system may be used to solve difficult drilling challenges, improve drilling efficiency and safety. Selection of the technology is typically driven by its ability to impact drilling efficiency and safety, but in environmental sensitive areas also by the fact that discharges to sea can be reduced or totally eliminated. The technology also in many cases allows setting of the 20" casing deeper, eliminating an extra liner across problem zones. A spin-off technology is Managed Pressure Cementing - MPC; Once the first surface casing is landed and circulation of cement starts, the subsea mud pump is used to control annulus pressure. The pressure is controlled during circulation of the cement slurry to avoid fracture and losses. Performance of the MPC system provides evidence of successful placement of the cement and that pressure develops as planned during the setting time. RMR provides superior hole quality and MPC improves the quality of the cement job. In combination the structural integrity of the surface casings are improved. The Paper will present the RMR and MPC technologies and some case histories.
Inverted ant colony optimization for search and rescue in an unknown maze-like indoor environment (2018)

We demonstrate the applicability of inverted Ant Colony Optimization (iACO) for target search in a complex unknown indoor environment simulated by a maze. The colony of autonomous ants lay repellent pheromones to speed up exploration of the unknown maze instead of reinforcing presence in already visited areas. The role of a target-collocated beacon signal within the maze is evaluated in terms of its utility to guide the search. Variants of iACO were developed, with beacon initialization (iACO-B), and with increased sensing ranges (iACO-R with a 2-step far-sightedness) to quantify the most effective one. The presented models can be implemented with self-organizing wireless sensor networks carried by autonomous drones or vehicles and can offer life-saving services of localizing victims of natural disasters or during major infrastructure failures.
Constructing Ultraporous Covalent Organic Frameworks in Seconds via an Organic Terracotta Process (2017)

Research on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has recently gathered significant momentum by the virtue of their predictive design, controllable porosity, and long-range ordering. However, the lack of solvent-free and easy-to-perform synthesis processes appears to be the bottleneck toward their greener fabrication, thereby limiting their possible potential applications. To alleviate such shortcomings, we demonstrate a simple route toward the rapid synthesis of highly crystalline and ultraporous COFs in seconds using a novel salt-mediated crystallization approach. A high degree of synthetic control in interlayer stacking and layer planarity renders an ordered network with a surface area as high as 3000 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>. Further, this approach has been extrapolated for the continuous synthesis of COFs by means of a twin screw extruder and in situ processes of COFs into different shapes mimicking the ancient terracotta process. Finally, the regular COF beads are shown to outperform the leading zeolites in water sorption performance, with notably facile regeneration ability and structural integrity.
Matrix Stimulation: An Effective One-Step Sandstone Acid System (2013)

Abstract Sandstone acid systems, which are composed of HCl and HF, are commonly used to remove the formation damage in sandstone reservoirs. However, to perform any treatment using these acid systems, a preflush and/or a postflush of HCl plain acid must be injected to eliminate CaF2 precipitation and secondary precipitation. In this study, a new sandstone acid formulation was developed that can be used as a one-step sandstone acid system (OSSA). This system eliminates the requirement of preflush and postflush HCl acid stages, reduces the treatment complexity, reduces the HCl requirements, and reduces the overall treatment/rig time. A coreflood study was conducted using different sandstone cores at 180°F. In additional to quartz, the tested cores had varying amounts of clay mineral, feldspar, and carbonate. Consequently, they can be used to judge the performance of the new OSSA system. Based on the experimental results, regular sandstone acid must be used with a preflush stage of HCl acid to maximize its performance and eliminate CaF2/MgF2 precipitation. The needs of the postflush stage must be confirmed as it can cause damage for sandstone that has HCl sensitive clay mineral. All selected one-step sandstone acid formulations (Acids A, B, C, and D) were able to successfully treat Bandera sandstone cores. For Bandera sandstone cores, increasing HCl/HF ratio increased the permeability enhancement and reduced the injected acid volume. Using the same acid volume and composition, a higher permeability enhancement was observed for the core that had less clay and carbonate content. Based on HCl:HF ratio and sandstone composition, a minimum acid volume is required to achieve a permeability enhancement. For the Bandera sandstone formation, only 8 PV of the OSSA system was required to achieve 26% permeability enhancement. However, for a Berea sandstone core that had less clay mineral, 4PV of OSSA system increased the permeability by 86%. The feldspar amount in the composition of sandstone can significantly impact the permeability enhancement of Acid C, while kaolinite amount has nearly no effect. A corrosion test was conducted at 180°F for 6 hr using a two pipe grades (Cr-13 and N-80). Two types of corrosion inhibitor were evaluated at different concentrations. All tested formulas had a very low corrosion rate (less than 0.03 lb/ft2). For both corrosion inhibitor types, corrosion rate was increased by reducing the HCl/HF ratio and/or inhibitor concentration.
Muscle-Based Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering (2001)

The development of new biological approaches based on cell and gene therapies, in combination with tissue engineering, may create innovative ways to treat various tissues of the musculoskeletal system. It is vital for practicing orthopaedic surgeons to understand the terminology, fundamental concepts, and current research in this burgeoning field so that they may practice their discipline in its fullest form. Such techniques, coupled with advances in cell biology and polymer chemistry, are resulting in novel approaches to treating musculoskeletal disorders in which surgeons, who have traditionally used the tools of excision and reconstruction to treat patients, may now serve as surgical gardeners who create microenvironments that are conducive for tissue regeneration. Gene therapy and tissue engineering applications for bone healing, articular disorders, and skeletal muscle diseases and injuries are currently being explored. This review is intended to update readers on the principles and current advances in muscle-based gene therapy and tissue engineering for the musculoskeletal system.
Abstract 055: ND-13, a DJ-1-Derived Peptide, Protects Against the Renal Fibrosis and Inflammation Associated With Unilateral Ureter Obstruction (2018)

Oxidative stress and inflammation are important players in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal diseases. DJ-1 is a redox-sensitive chaperone that regulates the expression of several antioxidant genes. Activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway in the kidney inhibits the development and progression of several renal diseases. The 20 aa peptide ND-13 consists of 13 highly conserved aa from the DJ-1 sequence and a TAT- derived 7 aa sequence to help in cell penetration. ND-13 prevents neuronal degeneration in mice; however, its effects on kidney damage remain unknown. We hypothesized that treatment with ND-13 would prevent the renal damage and inflammation associated with unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO). C57Bl/6 mice and DJ1 -/- mice underwent UUO and were divided in 3 groups: control (no UUO), UUO+scrambled peptide (SP) or UUO+ND-13 (3 mg/kg, s.c. daily). After 14 days of treatment, urine and kidneys were collected for analysis of renal damage. ND-13 treatment prevented the development of fibrosis in C57Bl/6 mice (UUO+SP: 702±189% of control, UUO+ND-13: 264±8% of control, n=2-4/group, p&lt;0.05), suggesting that ND-13 is protective against connective tissue deposition in the kidney. Treatment with ND-13 decreased renal mRNA expression of TNF- α ( fold change from control: 101±46 in UUO+SP; 18±7 in UUO+ND-13, n=4-5/group, p&lt;0.05), IL-6 (6.7±2 in UUO+SP; 1.54±0.3 in UUO+ND-13, p&lt;0.05), TGF- β ( 3.3±1.12 UUO+SP; 1.4±0.03 UUO+ND-13, p&lt;0.05) and Colagen1 α 1 (79±16 UUO+SP; 33±3.8 in UUO +ND-13, p&lt;0.05) in C57Bl/6 mice. In DJ1 -/- mice, treatment with ND-13 similarly decreased expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-β, but, in contrast, failed to prevent renal fibrosis or kidney expression of col1 α 1 . UUO also led to elevated urinary NGAL, marker of proximal tubular injury, in DJ-1 -/- mice and ND-13 treatment prevented that increase (71±17% UUO vs control: -18±21% UUO+ND-13 vs control, n=5/group). Our results suggest that ND-13 has protective effects on renal injury, fibrosis and inflammation, crucial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of renal disease. Thus, ND-13 treatment may be a new therapeutic approach for the prevention of renal injury, fibrosis and inflammation in renal diseases. Funded by T32DK007545 to CDM and 5P01 HL074940-10, 7R01 DK039308-31 to PAJ.
Achieving integrated convoys: cargo unmanned ground vehicle development and experimentation (2013)

The Cargo UGV project was initiated in 2010 with the aim of developing and experimenting with advanced autonomous vehicles capable of being integrated unobtrusively into manned logistics convoys. The intent was to validate two hypotheses in complex, operationally representative environments: first, that unmanned tactical wheeled vehicles provide a force protection advantage by creating standoff distance to warfighters during ambushes or improvised explosive device attacks; and second, that these UGVs serve as force multipliers by enabling a single operator to control multiple unmanned assets. To assess whether current state-of-the-art autonomous vehicle technology was sufficiently capable to permit resupply missions to be executed with decreased risk and reduced manpower, and to assess the effect of UGVs on customary convoy tactics, the Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory and the Joint Ground Robotics Enterprise sponsored Oshkosh Defense and the National Robotics Engineering Center to equip two standard Marine Corps cargo trucks for autonomous operation. This paper details the system architecture, hardware implementation, and software modules developed to meet the vehicle control, perception, and planner requirements compelled by this application. Additionally, the design of a custom human machine interface and an accompanying training program are described, as is the creation of a realistic convoy simulation environment for rapid system development. Finally, results are conveyed from a warfighter experiment in which the effectiveness of the training program for novice operators was assessed, and the impact of the UGVs on convoy operations was observed in a variety of scenarios via direct comparison to a fully manned convoy.