gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of the AggR Regulon in the Virulence of the Shiga Toxin-Producing Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Epidemic O104:H4 Strain in Mice (2019)

An O104:H4 Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enteroaggregative <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EAEC) strain caused a large outbreak of bloody diarrhea and the hemolytic uremic syndrome in 2011. We previously developed an ampicillin (Amp)-treated C57BL/6 mouse model to measure morbidity (weight loss) and mortality of mice orally infected with the prototype Stx-EAEC strain C227-11. Here, we hypothesized that mice fed C227-11 cured of the pAA plasmid or deleted for individual genes on that plasmid would display reduced virulence compared to animals given the wild-type (wt) strain. C227-11 cured of the pAA plasmid or deleted for the known pAA-encoded virulence genes <i>aggR</i>, <i>aggA</i>, <i>sepA</i>, or <i>aar</i> were fed to Amp-treated C57BL/6 mice at doses of 10<sup>10</sup>-10<sup>11</sup>CFU. Infected animals were then either monitored for morbidity and lethality for 28 days or euthanized to determine intestinal pathology and colonization levels at selected times. The pAA-cured, <i>aggR</i>, and <i>aggA</i> mutants of strain C227-11 all showed reduced colonization at various intestinal sites. However, the <i>aggR</i> mutant was the only mutant attenuated for virulence as it showed both reduced morbidity and mortality. The <i>aar</i> mutant showed increased expression of the aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF) and caused greater systemic effects in infected mice when compared to the C227-11 wt strain. However, unexpectedly, both the <i>aggA</i> and <i>aar</i> mutants displayed increased weight loss compared to wt. The <i>sepA</i> mutant did not exhibit altered morbidity or mortality in the Amp-treated mouse model compared to wt. Our data suggest that the increased morbidity due to the <i>aar</i> mutant could possibly be via an effect on expression of an as yet unknown virulence-associated factor under AggR control.
Segmentation of Anatomical Layers and Artifacts in Intravascular Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Using Attending Physician and Boundary Cardinality Losses (2021)

Intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography are widely available for characterizing coronary stenoses and provide critical vessel parameters to optimize percutaneous intervention. Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) simultaneously provides high-resolution cross-sectional images of vascular structures while also revealing preponderant tissue components such as collagen and smooth muscle and thereby enhances plaque characterization. Automated interpretation of these features promises to facilitate the objective clinical investigation of the natural history and significance of coronary atheromas. Here, we propose a convolutional neural network model, optimized using a new multi-term loss function, to classify the lumen, intima, and media layers in addition to the guidewire and plaque shadows. We demonstrate that our multi-class classification model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in detecting the coronary anatomical layers. Furthermore, the proposed model segments two classes of common imaging artifacts and detects the anatomical layers within the thickened vessel wall regions that were excluded from analysis by other studies. The source code and the trained model are publicly available at https://github.com/mhaft/OCTseg
Chemical Modifications of Porous Shape Memory Polymers for Enhanced X-ray and MRI Visibility (2020)

The goal of this work was to develop a shape memory polymer (SMP) foam with visibility under both X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities. A porous polymeric material with these properties is desirable in medical device development for applications requiring thermoresponsive tissue scaffolds with clinical imaging capabilities. Dual modality visibility was achieved by chemically incorporating monomers with X-ray visible iodine-motifs and MRI visible monomers with gadolinium content. Physical and thermomechanical characterization showed the effect of increased gadopentetic acid (GPA) on shape memory behavior. Multiple compositions showed brightening effects in pilot, T<sub>1</sub>-weighted MR imaging. There was a correlation between the polymeric density and X-ray visibility on expanded and compressed SMP foams. Additionally, extractions and indirect cytocompatibility studies were performed to address toxicity concerns of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). This material platform has the potential to be used in a variety of medical devices.
Définitions récursives d’opérateurs (2020)

TLA+ originally allowed recursive function definitions, but not recursive operator definitions, because it was not known how how to define their semantics. They were added to the language in 2006 after we discovered a semantics for them. We describe that semantics here.
Electric Vehicles (2016)

The electric vehicles (EV) consist of battery, motor, and controllers in addition to the normal components of the automobile. The electricity power stored in the battery drive the motor that runs the vehicle. Commutatorless motor drives offer a number of advantages over conventional direct current commutator motor drives for the electric propulsion of hybrid EVs. Batteries are energy storage systems that are used to store electrical energy. The lead–acid battery has been a successful commercial product for over a century and is still widely used as electrical energy storage devices in the automotive field and other applications. Motor controller is a device or group of devices that serves in some predetermined manner the performance of an electric motor in an EV. Electric vehicle batteries have to be charged in a most convenient way either at home using a domestic power supply or at a charging station depending on the journey.
Interactions of 5-lipoxygenase with membranes: studies on the association of soluble enzyme with membranes and alterations in enzyme activity (1988)

Treatment of rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-1) with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted in activation of 5-lipoxygenase, as indicated by an induction of leukotriene release [Orning, L., Hammarström, S., & Samuelsson, B. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 2017]. The enzyme activation was accompanied by a time-dependent association of 5-lipoxygenase to the particular fraction. When cells were lysed in the presence of 0.05-10 microM CaCl2, the soluble 5-lipoxygenase became associated with the particulate fraction. This was demonstrated by a decrease in immunoreactivities and enzymatic activities in the soluble fraction and a parallel increase in particulate-associated immunoreactivities. The particulate-bound enzyme was not active. Ca2+ induced the membrane association of 5-lipoxygenase when added into the incubation mixtures containing the membrane fraction with either the cytosolic fraction or the purified enzyme. 5-Lipoxygenase also bound to the microsomal-enriched fraction in the presence of Ca2+. Maximal membrane binding was obtained after a 1-min incubation at 4 degrees C. When a fixed amount of isolated membranes (0.2 mg of protein) and increasing cytosolic protein (0.5-4 mg) were used, a linear increase in enzyme binding was observed. The binding became saturated at 3 mg of cytosolic protein/mg of membrane protein. 5-Lipoxygenase binding to the membrane fraction was unaffected by pretreatment of the membranes with trypsin but was inhibited by treating with phospholipase A2, suggesting that phospholipids are involved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effects of Filtering and Current-Angle Adjustment on the Multi-Material Topology Optimization of a Three-Phase Stator (2023)

This article investigates the multi-material topology optimization (MMTO) of the three-phase stator of an electrical machine. The density-based optimization framework uses a gradient descent on the physical properties of the candidate materials (magnetic polarization and current density). The results indicate that a smoothing procedure is necessary to avoid non-manufacturable designs and promote a broader exploration of solutions. They also highlight a current angle shifting due to the presence of permanent magnets from the beginning of the optimization. The current angle is, therefore, added to the optimization variables to address this issue. An efficient optimization procedure that couples both techniques is proposed to improve the performance of the algorithm. The following hybrid method returns symmetrical results that perform better than the asymmetrical structures obtained with the other techniques applied independently, indicating that the asymmetry represents a local optimum.
Pilot Metabolome-Wide Association Study of Benzo(a)pyrene in Serum From Military Personnel (2016)

The results show that the DoDSR samples are of sufficient quality for chemical profiling of DoD personnel.
Purification and characterization of recombinant human farnesyl diphosphate synthase expressed in Escherichia coli (1991)

We previously reported the isolation of a partial-length human fetal-liver cDNA encoding farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase (EC 2.5.1.10) and the expression of an active FPP synthase fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The expressed human FPP synthase fusion protein has now been purified to apparent homogeneity by using two chromatographic steps. The purification scheme allowed the preparation of 1.8 mg of homogeneous protein from 149 mg of crude extract in a 64% yield with a 52-fold enrichment. A single band with a subunit molecular mass of 39 kDa was observed by Coomassie Blue staining after SDS/PAGE. A molecular mass of 78-80 kDa was calculated for the native form of the fusion protein by h.p.l.c. on a SEC-250 column, suggesting that the active fusion protein is a dimer. The purified fusion protein has FPP synthase condensation activities in the presence of both substrates, isopentenyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate. Enzyme activity was inhibited by a bisubstrate analogue of isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, and a small amount of higher prenyltransferase was observed. Michaelis constants for isopentenyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate were 0.55 and 0.43 microM respectively, and Vmax for synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate from these substrates was 1.08 mumol/min per mg. These results suggest that the structure and catalytic properties of the expressed FPP synthase fusion protein are virtually identical with those of the native human liver enzyme.
Face-on and Edge-on Impact Response of Composite Laminates (2015)

This paper presents comprehensive experimental and numerical studies on the face-on and edge-on impact behavior of composite laminates. Experimental work is focused on finding the impact energy limits for barely visible impact damage (BVID) when a laminated composite plate is impacted either on its face or an edge. High-fidelity finite element analysis (FEA) model utilizing Enhanced Schapery theory (EST) combined with Discrete Cohesive Zone Model (DCZM) is developed to predict the response of the laminated composite plate subjected to face-on and edge-on impact loading. Predictions from the proposed high-fidelity FEA model are compared against experimental data and it is shown that the numerical results agree well with the test data. &amp;amp;#169; 2015, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. All Rights Reserved.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and Electrical Overstress (EOS) — The state of the art for methods of failure analysis, and testing in components and systems (2016)

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and Electrical Overstress (EOS) continue to impact semiconductor components and systems as technologies scale from micro-to nano-electronics. This paper focuses on the state of the art of electrostatic discharge (ESD) and electrical overstress (EOS), with an emphasis on failure mechanisms and testing. The tutorial provides a clear picture of EOS phenomena, ESD and EOS failure mechanisms, testing and testing standards, and new failure analysis techniques.
A Free Water Protocol in Inpatient Rehabilitation: Feasibility and Care Outcomes (2020)

Objectives: Free Water Protocols (FWPs) are implemented selectively because of mixed evidence on the benefits associated with their use. This retrospective study examines the implementation a long-standing clinical program and descriptively reports rehabilitation and quality care outcomes. Methods: Data were collected over 6 years (n = 575). Inpatient rehabilitation setting. Variables included in this study were age, medical diagnoses, rate of acute care hospital transfers, discharge destinations, length of time on FWP. Results: Cohort consisted of older adults (M = 68.43, SD = 15.11), with diagnosis of stroke (60.2%), brain injury (19.1%), spinal cord injury (7.3%), cardiac (1%), orthopedics (5%), other (13.1%). Acute care hospital transfers occurred in 6% as descriptively compared to national average (14%). Additionally, participants tolerated FWP for days (M = 14.1, SD = 14.4) and most went home following rehabilitation Discussion: This retrospective study concludes the feasibility of implementing a FWP in a rehabilitation facility and reports descriptive outcomes. Experimental research is required for conclusions to be made regarding effectiveness of the FWP for dysphagia.
Novel PI 3-kinase-dependent mechanisms of trypanosome invasion and vacuole maturation (2003)

Mammalian cell invasion by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is facilitated by the activation of host cell phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinases. We demonstrate that the well-characterized Ca2+-regulated lysosome-mediated parasite entry pathway is abolished by wortmannin pretreatment. In addition, we have characterized a novel route of T. cruzi invasion unexpectedly revealed in the course of this study. For over a decade, targeted exocytosis of lysosomes at the host cell plasma membrane was considered as the primary mechanism for T. cruzi entry into non-professional phagocytic cells. We now provide evidence that a significant fraction (50% or greater) of invading T. cruzi trypomastigotes exploit an alternate actin-independent entry pathway that involves formation of a tightly associated host cell plasma membrane-derived vacuole enriched in the lipid products of class I PI 3-kinases, PtdInsP3/PtdIns(3,4)P2. Initially devoid of lysosomal markers, the resultant parasite-containing vacuoles gradually acquire lysosome associated membrane protein 1 (lamp-1) and fluid phase endocytic tracer from the lysosomal compartment. In striking contrast to latex bead phagosomes, few T. cruzi vacuoles associate with the early endosomal marker, EEA1 and the 'maturation' process becomes refractory to PI 3-kinase inhibition immediately following parasite internalization. Jointly, these data provide a new paradigm for T. cruzi invasion of non-professional phagocytic cells and reveal a novel vacuole maturation process that appears to bypass the requirement for EEA1.
Spatial Distribution of Photocurrent in Si Stripes under Tilted Illumination Measured by Multimode Scanning Probe Microscopy (2012)

Spatial distribution of photocurrent in Si stripes of 50–1000 nm in width were investigated as a function of optical excitation wavelength by multimode scanning probe microscopy (MSPM). Inhomogeneous distribution of the MSPM photocurrent in the Si stripe interior was attributed to the light intensity profile. A model that included light absorption depth profile and the probe-induced band-bending region reproduced the photocurrent profile for tilted illumination of the stripes. An effective spatial resolution of ∼10 nm was deduced from the photocurrent measurements with multimode SPM in the constant-force mode.
Palladium-Catalyzed Functionalization of Lactones via Their Cyclic Ketene Acetal Phosphates. Efficient New Synthetic Technology for the Construction of Medium and Large Cyclic Ethers (1997)

The functionalization of lactones (I, Figure 1) via their corresponding enolate derivatives (II) to afford substituted lactones (III) has been one of the most useful carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis. In contrast, and despite its rich potential, the alternative mode of lactone functionalization to afford substituted cyclic enol ethers (IV) has only recently been investigated.1 Current methodology for this process involves cyclic ketene acetal triflates (II, X ) SO2CF3), which often suffer from instability and low yields, both in their formation and in their coupling reactions.1 In this paper, we introduce lactone-derived cyclic ketene acetal phosphates2 [II, X ) P(O)(OR)2] as superior substrates for palladium(0)catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. In addition to the lower cost of the reagents involved in their preparation, these substrates enjoy higher stability and efficiency in their formation and coupling reactions than their triflate counterparts. Most importantly, and as demonstrated below, these substrates offer excellent solutions to the well-recognized and challenging problem of constructing medium and large ring systems.3 The cyclic ketene acetal diphenyl phosphate4 2 (Scheme 1) was prepared from the 9-membered ring lactone 15 via its potassium enolate (1.2 equiv of potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, KHMDS, 3.0 equiv of HMPA, 2.0 equiv of (PhO)2P(O)Cl, THF, -78 °C; add lactone to phosphoryl chloride and base) and proved to be quite stable at ambient temperatures and to silica gel flash chromatography. Reaction of 2 with a variety
Viscous dissipation in external natural convection flows (1969)

The effects of viscous dissipation are considered for external natural convection flow over a surface. A class of similar boundary-layer solutions is given and numerical results are presented for a wide range of the dissipation and Prandtl numbers. Several general aspects of similarity conditions for flow over surfaces and in convection plumes are discussed and their special characteristics considered. The general equations including the dissipation effect are given for the non-similar power law surface condition.
Twelve‐Lead ECG Optimization of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients With and Without Delayed Enhancement on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2018)

Background Delayed enhancement ( DE ) on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, adverse events, and worse left ventricular mechanics. We investigated the impact of DE on cardiac resynchronization therapy ( CRT ) outcomes and the effect of CRT optimization. Methods and Results We studied 130 patients with ejection fraction ( EF ) ≤40% and QRS ≥120 ms, contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and both pre- and 1-year post- CRT echocardiograms. Sixty-three (48%) patients did not have routine optimization of CRT . The remaining patients were optimized for wavefront fusion by 12-lead ECG . The primary end point in this study was change in EF following CRT . To investigate the association between electrical dyssynchrony and EF outcomes, the standard deviation of activation times from body-surface mapping was calculated during native conduction and selected device settings in 52 of the optimized patients. Patients had no DE (n=45), midwall septal stripe (n=30), or scar (n=55). Patients without DE had better ∆ EF (13±10 versus 4±10 units; P<0.01). Optimized patients had greater ∆ EF in midwall stripe (2±9 versus 12±12 units; P=0.01) and scar (0±7 versus 5±10; P=0.04) groups, but not in the no- DE group. Patients without DE had greater native standard deviation of activation times ( P=0.03) and greater ∆standard deviation of activation times with standard programming ( P=0.01). Device optimization reduced standard deviation of activation times only in patients with DE ( P<0.01). Conclusions DE on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with worse EF outcomes following CRT . Device optimization is associated with improved EF and reduced electrical dyssynchrony in patients with DE .
Uptake in non-affected bone tissue does not differ between [18F]-DCFPyL and [68Ga]-HBED-CC PSMA PET/CT (2018)

No difference of average bone signal intensity was observed for [18F]DCFPyL-PET/CT in comparison to [68Ga]PSMA-HBED-CC scans indicating that diagnostic assessment of the skeleton is not affected by non-specific accumulation of free [18F]fluoride or 68Ga.
Glucagon-Like Peptide I Enhances the Insulinotropic Effect of Glibenclamide in NIDDM Patients and in the Perfused Rat Pancreas (1996)

In acute experiments on overweight patients with NIDDM, GLP-I exerted a marked antidiabetogenic action on the basal and postprandial state. The peptide stimulated insulin, suppressed basal glucagon release, and prolonged gastric emptying. The glucose-lowering effect of GLP-I was further enhanced by glibenclamide. This action may be at least partially accounted for by a synergistic effect of these two compounds on insulin release. Glibenclamide per se enhanced postprandial but not basal insulin release and exerted a less pronounced antidiabetogenic effect compared with GLP-I.
Isodicyclopentadienes and related molecules. 57. Stereocontrolled synthesis of sterically crowded titanocenes of high enantiomeric purity by electrophilic capture of C-silylated ligands with configurational inversion (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsodicyclopentadienes and related molecules. 57. Stereocontrolled synthesis of sterically crowded titanocenes of high enantiomeric purity by electrophilic capture of C-silylated ligands with configurational inversionLeo A. Paquette and Mark R. SivikCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 11, 3503–3505Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/om00059a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (385 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
THE ISOLATION OF BOVINE EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS IN CELL CULTURES AND EVIDENCE FOR AUTOINTERFERENCE (1975)

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus was isolated from infected fresh cattle blood directly into Vero cell cultures. One cycle of rapid freeze-thaw destroyed the infectivity of the virus to Vero cells. The infectivity to baby mice by intracerebral inoculation, on the other hand, was only reduced. The occurrence of autointerference due to the presence of defective interfering particles in cell culture was also noted. BEF virus strain 919 was propagated to some extent in bovine kidney, testis and synovial cell monolayers, producing cytopathic effect (CPE) in 24 h. However, the CPE was nonprogressive and the addition of antinomycin D to the medium improved the virus titre only slightly.
All optical control of optomechanical filters (2012)

We demonstrate optical reconfiguration of coupled photonic crystal nanobeam cavities by using optical gradient force. The on-chip temperature sensing scheme along with pulsed operation allows us to estimate and control thermal and optomechanical effects.