gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 147: First-in-human Phase 1/2a Study Of Intracerebral Transplantation Using Embryonic-derived Neural Stem Cells (NR1) For Chronic Ischemic Stroke (2023)

Introduction: Currently, no treatment exists to restore function in chronic stroke patients. Several prior intracerebral stem cell trials showed safety, but are not being further developed. Objective: NR1 is a human embryonic derived neural stem cell that improved motor-sensory function in rodent stroke models, and was expanded to produce GMP cryopreserved Cell Lots (P18). The aim is to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy using intracerebral transplantation of NR1 cells in chronic stroke patients (NCT04631406). Methods: Inclusion Criteria: 18-75 yo; 6-60 months post-ischemic subcortical MCA stroke; mRS 3-4. Subjects are transplanted with NR1 (2.5M, 5M, 10M or 20M). Primary Outcomes: Adverse events 0-6 mos; Change in Fugl-Meyer (FM) motor score (maximum FM 100) compared to baseline at 6 months (≥10 points improvement considered “clinically meaningful”). Other outcomes: Barthel Index, NIHSS, Gait Speed test, mRS, MRI DTI, FLAIR, Resting State fMRI and [18F] FDG PET. Results: Six patients have been transplanted. Adverse events included headache and worsened speech, all resolving spontaneously. At 6 mos post-transplant: FM improved 15, 13 and 9 points in patients 1, 2 and 3 (all with faster gait); Barthel Index improved 5, 10 and 15 points. At 3 months FM improved 15 points (with faster gait) in patient 4. NIHSS improved 2 points in 2 patients and worsened 1 point in 1 patient. There was no change in mRS. All 6 patients demonstrated a new transient FLAIR signal in premotor cortex at d7, that resolved by 2 mos, which in prior studies was highly correlated with sustained neurologic recovery. An increase in regional homogeneity (ReHo) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) was observed in the sensorimotor network ipsilateral to the chronic infarction in patients with clinical improvement. Six additional patients are scheduled in the next 6 months. Conclusions: Intraparenchymal transplantation with NR1 cells in chronic stroke patients appears safe and well tolerated. Early results suggest improved motor function at 1-6 months post-implant.
Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Lactose Differentially Affect Infant Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier In Vitro (2022)

These results suggest that increased complexity in HMO mixture composition may benefit the infant gut ecosystem, promoting different bifidobacterial communities and protecting the gut barrier against pro-inflammatory imbalances.
Magnetoimpedance biosensor for Fe3O4 nanoparticle intracellular uptake evaluation (2007)

Iron oxide (Fe3O4) nonspecific nanoparticles of 30nm are embedded inside human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells by intracellular uptake with a concentration of ∼105 particles/cell. An amorphous ribbon of Co64.5Fe2.5Cr3Si15B15 exhibiting large magnetoimpedance (MI) serves as the sensing element. The presence of fringing fields of the nanoparticles changes the superposition of the constant applied field and the alternating field created by a current flowing through the ribbon that can be detected as a change in MI. This response is clearly dependent on the presence of the magnetic nanoparticles inside the cells and on the value of the external field.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Metabolites of Vasopressin V1 Receptor Antagonist, OPC‐21268. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On linear network coding (2004)

Many recent papers study methods, bounds and limitations for linear network coding. We examine prior definitions of linearity in network coding and show their implications in terms of code design and performance. We demonstrate how codes with one notion of linearity can be used to build, in a distributed manner, codes with another notion of linearity. One such reduction provides a simple construction for convolutional multicast network codes. We also provide examples of networks for which convolutional network code design is significantly less complex than for any block code. Finally, we introduce the new class of filter-bank network codes of which all previous definitions of linear network codes are special cases. This work is motivated by discussions with Dr. Ralf Koetter.
NMR Studies of the Effects of the 5‘-Phosphate Group on Conformational Properties of 5-Methylaminomethyluridine Found in the First Position of the Anticodon of Escherichia coli tRNA4Arg (1996)

5-Methylaminomethyluridine (mnm5U) exists in the first position of the anticodon (position 34) of Escherichia coli tRNA4Arg for codons AGA/AGG. In the present study, the temperature dependence of the ribose-puckering equilibrium of pmnm5U was analyzed by proton NMR spectroscopy. Thus, the enthalpy difference (delta H) between the C2'-endo and C3'-endo forms was obtained at 0.65 kcal.mol-1. By comparison of the delta H values of pU and pmnm5U, the 5-substitution was found to increase the relative stability of the C3'-endo form over the C2'-endo form significantly (by 0.56 kcal.mol-1). Furthermore, this conformational "rigidity" was concluded to depend on the 5'-phosphate group, because nucleoside U exhibits only a negligible change in the ribose-puckering equilibrium upon the 5-methylaminomethyl substitution. Further NMR analyses and molecular dynamics calculations revealed that interactions between the 5-methylaminomethyl and 5'-phosphate groups of pmnm5U restrict the conformation about the glycosidic bond to a low anti form, enhancing steric repulsion between the 2-carbonyl and 2'-hydroxyl groups in the C2'-endo form. This intrinsic conformational rigidity of the mnm5U residue in position 34 may contribute to the correct codon recognition.
Cryptic prophages help bacteria cope with adverse environments (2010)

Phages are the most abundant entity in the biosphere and outnumber bacteria by a factor of 10. Phage DNA may also constitute 20% of bacterial genomes; however, its role is ill defined. Here, we explore the impact of cryptic prophages on cell physiology by precisely deleting all nine prophage elements (166 kbp) using Escherichia coli. We find that cryptic prophages contribute significantly to resistance to sub-lethal concentrations of quinolone and β-lactam antibiotics primarily through proteins that inhibit cell division (for example, KilR of rac and DicB of Qin). Moreover, the prophages are beneficial for withstanding osmotic, oxidative and acid stresses, for increasing growth, and for influencing biofilm formation. Prophage CPS-53 proteins YfdK, YfdO and YfdS enhanced resistance to oxidative stress, prophages e14, CPS-53 and CP4-57 increased resistance to acid, and e14 and rac proteins increased early biofilm formation. Therefore, cryptic prophages provide multiple benefits to the host for surviving adverse environmental conditions.
Optical luminescence excitation spectra of molecular oxygen in the soft x-ray region (1988)

The observation of an anomaly in the optical luminescence excitation spectrum of oxygen in the region of the oxygen K edge is reported. Dispersed luminescence spectra were obtained for x-ray excitation at the pi and sigma resonances, at the anomaly, and in the continuum. These spectra indicate enhanced production of O2+2 ions at both the sigma resonance and at the anomaly. The anomaly thus is attributed to a shake-up or shake-off state associated with an antibonding sigma molecular orbital of oxygen. This work also demonstrates that optical luminesence spectra provide state-specific information about the products of core hole excitation and relaxation.
New Derivatives of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid with Free-Radical Scavenging, D-Amino Acid Oxidase, Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity (2014)

A series of 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives were synthesised and tested for their free-radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS·+), superoxide anion radical (O2·-) and nitric oxide radical (·NO) assays. We also studied d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activity. Almost each of newly synthesised compounds exhibited radical scavenging capabilities. Moreover, several compounds showed moderate inhibitory activities against DAAO, AChE and BuChE. Compounds with significant free-radical scavenging activity may be potential candidates for therapeutics used in oxidative-stress-related diseases.
Numerical Modelling Assisted Design of a Compact Ultrafiltration (UF) Flat Sheet Membrane Module (2021)

The increasing adoption of ultra-low pressure (ULP) membrane systems for drinking water treatment in small rural communities is currently hindered by a limited number of studies on module design. Detailed knowledge on both intrinsic membrane transport properties and fluid hydrodynamics within the module is essential in understanding ULP performance prediction, mass transfer analysis for scaling-up between lab-scale and industrial scale research. In comparison to hollow fiber membranes, flat sheet membranes present certain advantages such as simple manufacture, sheet replacement for cleaning, moderate packing density and low to moderate energy usage. In the present case study, a numerical model using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of a novel custom flat sheet membrane module has been designed in 3D to predict fluid flow conditions. The permeate flux through the membrane decreased with an increase in spacer curviness from 2.81 L/m<sup>2</sup>h for no (0%) curviness to 2.73 L/m<sup>2</sup>h for full (100%) curviness. A parametric analysis on configuration variables was carried out to determine the optimum design variables and no significant influence of spacer inflow or outflow thickness on the fluid flow were observed. The numerical model provides the necessary information on the role of geometrical and operating parameters for fabricating a module prototype where access to technical expertise is limited.
Exploring the Conserved Role of MANF in the Unfolded Protein Response in Drosophila melanogaster (2016)

Disturbances in the homeostasis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) referred to as ER stress is involved in a variety of human diseases. ER stress activates unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular mechanism the purpose of which is to restore ER homeostasis. Previous studies show that Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor (MANF) is an important novel component in the regulation of UPR. In vertebrates, MANF is upregulated by ER stress and protects cells against ER stress-induced cell death. Biochemical studies have revealed an interaction between mammalian MANF and GRP78, the major ER chaperone promoting protein folding. In this study we discovered that the upregulation of MANF expression in response to drug-induced ER stress is conserved between Drosophila and mammals. Additionally, by using a genetic in vivo approach we found genetic interactions between Drosophila Manf and genes encoding for Drosophila homologues of GRP78, PERK and XBP1, the key components of UPR. Our data suggest a role for Manf in the regulation of Drosophila UPR.
Photometric Linearization under Near Point Light Sources (2006)

We present a method for generating linearized images that c onsist of only diffuse reflec tion from images tak en under near point light sourc es. Prev ious photometric linearization method c annot work under near point light sourc es, sinc e it assumes parallel light. For satisfy ing this assumption, our method utilizes a photometric linearization method by div iding images into small regions. I t also selec ts linearization c oeffic ients from regions. Experimental results show that the proposed method c an generate ac c urate linearized images ev en if images are obtained under near point light sourc es, and show that the method c an c orrec tly c lassifies the photometric fac tors.
Discovery of TD-0212, an Orally Active Dual Pharmacology AT1 Antagonist and Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI) (2018)

Dual inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and neprilysin (NEP) by drugs such as omapatrilat produces superior antihypertensive efficacy relative to ACE inhibitors but is associated with a higher risk of life-threatening angioedema due to bradykinin elevations. We hypothesized that dual AT<sub>1</sub> (angiotensin II type 1 receptor) blockade and NEP inhibition with a single molecule would produce similar antihypertensive efficacy to omapatrilat without the risk of angioedema since ACE (the rate limiting enzyme in bradykinin metabolism) would remain uninhibited. Merging the structures of losartan (an AT<sub>1</sub> antagonist) and thiorphan (a NEP inhibitor) led to the discovery of a novel series of orally active, dual AT<sub>1</sub> antagonist/NEP inhibitors (ARNIs) exemplified by compound <b>35</b> (TD-0212). In models of renin-dependent and -independent hypertension, <b>35</b> produced blood pressure reductions similar to omapatrilat and combinations of AT<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonists and NEP inhibitors. Upper airway angioedema risk was assessed in a rat tracheal plasma extravasation (TPE) model. Unlike omapatrilat, <b>35</b> did not increase TPE at antihypertensive doses. Compound <b>35</b> therefore provides the enhanced activity of dual AT<sub>1</sub>/NEP inhibition with a potentially lower risk of angioedema relative to dual ACE/NEP inhibition.
Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Production of Crown-Rot Resistant Strawberry by Concentration of Indigenously Existing Resistant Cells through Tissue Culture (2001)

Tissue culture was used for selecting and enhancing the resistant variant cells which indigenously exist in leaf tissues of the susceptible cultivar in order to establish an efficient system for producing crown-rot resistant lines of strawberry. Leaves of the resistant and susceptible cultivars were inoculated with the crown-rot pathogen by needle-prick inoculation method. Two types of lesions (small necrotic spots and extensively expanding lesions) were formed on leaves of both the resistant and susceptible cultivar. The resistant cultivar was characterized by higher percentage of the small necrotic spots. The cells forming the resistant-type lesion were amplified by inducing callus tissues from leaf explants of the susceptible cultivar, and regenerants showing the higher frequencies of the resistant-type lesion were selected. The amplification of these cells to the level of the resistant cultivar was ncitievPd by rPpPnting callus induction and plant regeneration from the selected rF..genetrAnt. The regenerants finally obtained in the present system showed the resistance in the field inoculation test.
System for continuous production of nanophase materials using a microwave-driven polyol process (2007)

A prototype system is described for the large scale, continuous production of nanophase metals, metal oxides, and other nanophase materials using the polyol process. The polyol process employs an organic solvent such as ethylene glycol to reduce a metal oxide/metal salt at high temperature to the metal oxide or metal. The system employs a 6 kW, 2.45 GHz microwave source to rapidly heat the continuously flowing solution to a desired process temperature as it flows through a silica tube placed along the center line of a section of waveguide.
Effect of nitrogen incorporation on electron emission from chemical vapor deposited diamond (1999)

Two different types of the nitrogen-doped chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films were synthesized with N2 (nitrogen) and C3H6N6 (melamine) as doping sources. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and field-emission measurements. More effective substitutional nitrogen doping was achieved with C3H6N6 than with N2. The diamond film doped with N2 contained a significant amount of nondiamond carbon phases. The sample produced with N2 exhibited a lower field emission turn-on field than the sample produced with C3H6N6. It is believed that the presence of the graphitic phases (or amorphous sp2 carbon) at the grain boundaries of the diamond and/or the nanocrystallinity (or microcrystallinity) of the diamond play a significant role in lowering the turn-on field of the film produced using N2. It is speculated that substitutional nitrogen doping plays only a minor role in changing the field emission characteristics of CVD diamond films.
Superhydrophobic fabric mixed with polyester and cotton yarns modified by alkaline treatment and thermal aging (2020)

Superhydrophobic fabric composed of polyester and cotton single yarns was developed by alkali treatment and thermal aging. During the alkali treatment to make the nano-roughness of the polyester fibers, micro-roughness also increased due to differences in the thicknesses of the two yarns arising from the increased polyester surface roughness and swollen cotton. The superhydrophobicity, with a static contact angle of 155.8 ± 3.2° and shedding angle of 11.1 ± 0.8°, was achieved with 90% polyester/10% cotton fabric treated with 20% alkali concentration for 20 min under applied tension, then followed by 24 h thermal aging at 130℃. The tensile strength of the superhydrophobic polyester/cotton fabric (28.7 MPa) was higher than that of 100% polyester fabric (20.1 MPa). The breathability of the superhydrophobic polyester/cotton fabric was improved compared with 100% polyester fabric. In durability assessment, a static contact angle of ≥150° was shown for the tape tests. Five times of repeated adhesion with a clothing tape cleaner were conducted for the five samples each. Although washing and dry-cleaning decreased contact angles to as low as 137.7°, a static contact angle of 150° was achieved by additional thermal aging (130℃, 24 h). We developed a superhydrophobic fabric mixed with polyester and cotton yarns by exploiting differences in the characteristics of the two yarns induced by alkali treatment, which causes fabric surface roughness, and thermal aging without the use of any chemicals. Moreover, this superhydrophobic fabric has improved breathability.
Abstract P214: MTAPnull-selective PRMT5 inhibitors drive regressions in MTAP-deleted xenograft models across histologies (2021)

Abstract PRMT5 is a type II arginine methyltransferase that regulates essential cellular functions via symmetric dimethylation of target proteins involved in spliceosome regulation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, the DNA-damage response, and other functions. PRMT5 dependence in cells with MTAP deletions is a strong and prevalent synthetic lethal interaction. Due to their mechanisms of action, existing clinical PRMT5 inhibitors do not recapitulate the selectivity for MTAPnull cells demonstrated by genetic perturbation. Given that MTAP deletion occurs in approximately 10-15% of all human cancer[i],[ii],[iii], a molecule that selectively kills MTAPnull cancer cells provides an important opportunity to deliver a targeted treatment to a significant patient population. We have discovered small molecules that exhibit MTA-cooperative PRMT5 binding and selectively kill MTAPnull cancer cells. Striking MTAP-dependent viability effects are demonstrated in MTAP-isogenic cell lines representing multiple lineages, and in a multi-lineage cell line panel comprised of 200 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, oral administration of an MTAPnull-selective PRMT5 inhibitor demonstrates dose-dependent antitumor activity and strong regressions across multiple histologies in both cancer cell line and patient-derived xenografts. These data suggest the therapeutic potential of MTAPnull-selective PRMT5 inhibitors in MTAP-deleted cancers. [i] Cerami et al., 2012 [ii] Gao et al., 2013 [iii] Lee et al., 2014 Citation Format: Kimberly J. Briggs, Kevin M. Cottrell, Matthew R. Tonini, Erik Wilker, Lina Gu, Charles B. Davis, Doug Whittington, Deepali Gotur, Haris Jahic, Matthew J. Goldstein, Alan Huang, John P. Maxwell. MTAPnull-selective PRMT5 inhibitors drive regressions in MTAP-deleted xenograft models across histologies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P214.
A high performance spider subarray of five microstrip patches (2002)

A microstrip subarray including a central patch surrounded by four or six other patches can provide low sidelobes in the radiation pattern, since a significant portion of radiation comes from its center. This is more difficult to achieve without a central patch, since it would have an aperture field distributed mainly on its corners. However, such an arrangement gives an odd number of radiators, and therefore leads to a design problem for the corporate feed. This can be overcome by feeding the central patch, and by using microstrip line sections to propagate a resonant standing wave to feed the surrounding patches. This results in a simple feeding network, realized by four halfwave line sections. No power divider is necessary, but a careful optimization of this array is required. The resonance of the patches and that of the feeding lines can indeed be adjusted so that their juxtaposition widens the bandwidth, and maintain a high polarization purity in the field distribution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Computational Method Involving Surface Area to Volume Ratio to Estimate Inorganic Nanoparticle Efficacy (2021)

Inorganic nanoparticles are utilized for therapeutic, diagnostic, or theranostic purposes and the latter involve simultaneous sensing, imaging, or tracking of drug delivery. Further, these nanoparticles differ in their morphologies, which affect outcomes such as the effectiveness of hyperthermia, induction, drug loading, circulation time by escaping the body's immune system, imaging modality clarity, and biosensing. However, design of these theranostics is limited by the lack of a method to predict their therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report a computational approach involving the surface area (SA) to volume (V) ratios (SA:V), which can help predict the efficacy of the inorganic nanoparticles. The approach comprises a coding platform for the comparator pro-gram and uses a Python 3 on a Windows 10 operating system. Analyses of 22 polyhedral morphologies that inorganic nanoparticles could assume ex silico showed that only particular concave morphologies in this size regime are more productive over the standard sizes. Our results provide a method that can aid in the predicting efficacy of inorganic nanoparticles with certain morphology.
Constant Neutral Mass Loss Spectrum (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.