gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of COVID-19 on self-harm in a high-secure psychiatry hospital (2021)

Purpose Self-harm, including death from suicide, remains a significant public health challenge. The prison population is known to be a high-risk group for self-harm and suicide. The purpose of this study is to explore the trends in the frequency of self-harm over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic within a high-secure hospital. The authors hypothesised that the pandemic could adversely affect the mental health of patients, which could increase the rates of self-harm. Reasons for changes in the frequency of self-harm and the strategies used in response to the pandemic were also investigated. Design/methodology/approach This paper encompasses findings from a quality improvement project that investigated self-harming behaviours from February 2020 to February 2021 in a high-secure psychiatric hospital. Incidents of self-harm were recorded based on the hospital’s ward structure. Data was collected on the incidence of self-harm rates over the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on how the pandemic may have had an effect on self-harm. Findings This paper found an increase in the incidents of self-harm during the initial stages of the pandemic. The first national lockdown period yielded a rise in self-harm incidents from pre-COVID levels. The frequency of self-harm reduced following the first lockdown and returned to pre-COVID levels. The authors explored the psychological effects of COVID, isolation, interpersonal dynamics and changes in the delivery of care as reasons for these trends. Practical implications This study demonstrates the substantial challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic to secure psychiatric services. Having an awareness of how the pandemic can impact on self-harm is important, as it allows the correct balance of restriction of our patients’ liberty to a degree deemed necessary to control the pandemic and the delivery of effective patient care. The key clinical implications include the importance of direct face-to-face patient contact, effective communication, therapeutic interventions and activities, the psychological impact of quarantine and the influence the pandemic can have on an individual’s function of self-harm. Originality/value This paper is the first, to the authors’ knowledge, to explore the impact of COVID-19 in a high-security psychiatric hospital. The authors also explore possible explanations for the changes in the trends of self-harm and include the consideration of strategies for improving the prevention and management of self-harm in high-secure settings during a pandemic.
P1–366: Model‐based meta‐analysis of the efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease as assessed by ADAS‐Cog scores (2013)

The objective of this work was to characterize the efficacy dose-response relationships of the cholinesterase inhibitors donepezil, rivastigimine, galantamine and tacrine, and the NMDA receptor antagonist, memantine, in mild-to-moderate Alzhemier's disease (AD) using a model-based meta-analysis approach. A database of all publicly available efficacy information on drugs approved or evaluated for treatment of AD was developed. Subsequently, 31 active- or placebo-controlled monotherapy trials (duration 21–52, majority trials approximately 24 weeks) for mild-to-moderate AD with available ADAS-Cog-11 efficacy data for the aforementioned drugs (summary level data from 11,816 patients) were selected for analysis. A non-linear mixed-effects modeling approach using NONMEM was applied. The change from baseline in ADAS-Cog-11 scores at end of trial (observed cases or last observation carried forward) was the dependent variable in the analysis and the daily dose was the independent variable. Patient/trial variables that may have affected response were investigated. The final dose-response model was an E max model with a common E max for all drugs, drug-dependent ED 50 values and estimated placebo response with random between-trial variability. The model estimated placebo response was 1.6 points worsening relative to baseline (between-trial SD=1.1). The estimated E max was -2.9 points relative to baseline (i.e. -4.5 points relative to placebo). Donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and tacrine had an estimated ED 50 of 6.6, 17, 11 and 280 mg, and an estimated effect of -2.7, -2.7, -2.4 and -1.7 points relative to placebo, respectively, at their highest approved dose for mild-to-moderate AD. Memantine ED 50 estimate was 31 mg and had efficacy comparable to tacrine in mild-to-moderate AD at its approved moderate-to-severe dose. The estimated within-trial SD was 7.7 points. There was no statistical evidence that baseline score, trial year, subject age, or method of imputation impacted the placebo response within the limitations of evaluated data. These results quantitatively characterized the dose-response relationships of evaluated drugs and demonstrate that donepezil, galantamine and rivastigimine have comparable and modest efficacy in treatment of mild-to-moderate AD. Tacrine and memantine have even lower efficacy in this population. Present results aid quantitative efficacy profiling of new therapies versus existing options for treatment of AD.
CPU Accounting in CMP Processors (2009)

Chip-multiprocessor (CMP) architectures introduce complexities when accounting CPU utilization to processes because the progress done by a process during an interval of time highly depends on the activity of the other processes it is co-scheduled with. In this paper, we identify how an inaccurate measurement of the CPU utilization affects several key aspects of the system like the process scheduling or the charging mechanism in data centers. We propose a new hardware accounting mechanism to improve the accuracy when measuring the CPU utilization in chip multiprocessors and compare it with the previous accounting mechanisms. Our results show that currently known mechanisms could lead to a 12% average error when it comes to CPU utilization accounting. Our proposal reduces this error to less than 1% in a modeled 4-core processor system.
Multistep electric vehicle charging station occupancy prediction using hybrid LSTM neural networks (2022)

Public charging station occupancy prediction plays key importance in developing a smart charging strategy to reduce electric vehicle (EV) operator and user inconvenience. However, existing studies are mainly based on conventional econometric or time series methodologies with limited accuracy. We propose a new mixed long short-term memory neural network incorporating both historical charging state sequences and time-related features for multistep discrete charging occupancy state prediction. Unlike the existing LSTM networks, the proposed model separates different types of features and handles them differently with mixed neural network architecture. The model is compared to a number of state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning approaches based on the EV charging data obtained from the open data portal of the city of Dundee, UK. The results show that the proposed method produces very accurate predictions (99.99% and 81.87% for 1 step (10 min) and 6 steps (1 h) ahead, respectively, and outperforms the benchmark approaches significantly (+22.4% for one-step-ahead prediction and +6.2% for 6 steps ahead). A sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of the model parameters on prediction accuracy.
Polyp Enhancing Level Set Evolution of Colon Wall: Method and Pilot Study (2007)

Computer aided detection (CAD) in computed tomography colonography (CTC) aims at detecting colonic polyps that are the precursors of colon cancer. In this work, we propose a colon wall evolution algorithm polyp enhancing level sets (PELS) based on the level-set formulation that regularizes and enhances polyps as a preprocessing step to CTC CAD algorithms. The underlying idea is to evolve the polyps towards spherical protrusions on the colon wall while keeping other structures, such as haustral folds, relatively unchanged and, thereby, potentially improve the performance of CTC CAD algorithms, especially for smaller polyps. To evaluate our methods, we conducted a pilot study using an arbitrarily chosen CTC CAD method, the surface normal overlap (SNO) CAD algorithm, on a nine patient CTC data set with 47 polyps of sizes ranging from 2.0 to 17.0 mm in diameter. PELS increased the maximum sensitivity by 8.1% (from 21/37 to 24/37) for small polyps of sizes ranging from 5.0 to 9.0 mm in diameter. This is accompanied by a statistically significant separation between small polyps and false positives. PELS did not change the CTC CAD performance significantly for larger polyps.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access: Unifying NOMA and SDMA in MISO VLC\n Channels (2020)

The increased proliferation of connected devices requires a paradigm shift\ntowards the development of innovative technologies for the next generation of\nwireless systems. One of the key challenges, however, is the spectrum scarcity,\nowing to the unprecedented broadband penetration rate in recent years. Visible\nlight communications (VLC) has recently emerged as a possible solution to\nenable high-speed short-range communications. However, VLC systems suffer from\nseveral limitations, including the limited modulation bandwidth of\nlight-emitting diodes. Consequently, several multiple access techniques (MA),\ne.g., space-division multiple access (SDMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access\n(NOMA), have been considered for VLC networks. Despite their promising\nmultiplexing gains, their performance is somewhat limited. In this article, we\nfirst provide an overview of the key MA technologies used in VLC systems. Then,\nwe introduce rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), which was initially\nproposed for RF systems and discuss its potentials in VLC systems. Through\nsystem modeling and simulations of an RSMA-based two-use scenario, we\nillustrate the flexibility of RSMA in generalizing NOMA and SDMA, as well as\nits superiority in terms of weighted sum rate (WSR) in VLC. Finally, we discuss\nchallenges, open issues, and research directions, which will enable the\npractical realization of RSMA in VLC.\n
Myometrial expression of small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels depresses phasic uterine contraction (2007)

Mechanisms regulating uterine contractility are poorly understood. We hypothesized that a specific isoform of small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channel, SK3, promotes feedback regulation of myometrial Ca(2+) and hence relaxation of the uterus. To determine the specific functional impact of SK3 channels, we assessed isometric contractions of uterine strips from genetically altered mice (SK3(T/T)), in which SK3 is overexpressed and can be suppressed by oral administration of doxycycline (SK3(T/T)+Dox). We found SK3 protein in mouse myometrium, and this expression was substantially higher in SK3(T/T) mice and lower in SK3(T/T)+Dox mice compared with wild-type (WT) controls. Sustained contractions elicited by 60 mM KCl were not different among SK3(T/T), SK3(T/T)+Dox, and WT mice. However, the rate of onset and magnitude of spontaneously occurring phasic contractions was muted significantly in isolated uterine strips from SK3(T/T) mice compared with those from WT mice. These spontaneous contractions were augmented greatly by blockade of SK channels with apamin or by suppression of SK3 expression. Phasic but not tonic contraction in response to oxytocin was depressed in uterine strips from SK3(T/T) mice, whereas suppression of SK3 channel expression or treatment with apamin promoted the predominance of large coordinated phasic events over tone. Spontaneous contractions and the phasic component of oxytocin contractions were blocked by nifedipine but not by cyclopiazonic acid. Our findings suggest that SK3 channels play an important role in regulating uterine function by limiting influx through L-type Ca(2+) channels and disrupting the development of concerted phasic contractile events.
A robust high accuracy speech recognition system for mobile applications (2002)

This paper describes a robust, accurate, efficient, low-resource, medium-vocabulary, grammar-based speech recognition system using hidden Markov models for mobile applications. Among the issues and techniques we explore are improving robustness and efficiency of the front-end, using multiple microphones for removing extraneous signals from speech via a new multichannel CDCN technique, reducing computation via silence detection, applying the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) to build smaller and better acoustic models, minimizing finite state grammars, using hybrid maximum likelihood and discriminative models, and automatically generating baseforms from single new-word utterances.
Efficient production of adipic acid from 2-methoxycyclohexanone by aerobic oxidation with a phosphotungstic acid catalyst (2020)

A stable H<sub>3</sub>PW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub> catalyst can selectively convert 2-methoxycyclohexanone to adipic acid and methanol with O<sub>2</sub> as an oxidant in water.
Influence of FcγRIIA and MBL polymorphisms on severe acute respiratory syndrome (2005)

Polymorphisms of human Fc gamma-receptor IIA (FcgammaRIIA) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) genes have been associated with susceptibility to or severity of some infectious diseases. In order to investigate whether these genetic factors might influence susceptibility to infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-Cov) as well as the course and severity of the infection, we evaluated polymorphisms of FcgammaRIIA and MBL genes in DNA samples from a group of approximately 180 people from Hong Kong who were infected with SARS-Cov. These included 132 patients who had moderate course of SARS infection (home subgroup), 26 patients with a severe course requiring treatment in an intensive care ward (ICU subgroup) and a subgroup of 22 patients who died from SARS (deceased subgroup). A total of 200 normal blood donors from the same region were used as controls. A significant association was found between the FcgammaRIIA-R/R131 genotype and a severe course of SARS, with higher frequency of homozygosity for FcgammaRIIA-R/R131 in the ICU subgroup of SARS patients when compared with controls (P=0.03; odds ratio: 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-9.1). In comparison with controls, a significant difference in linear trend distribution of FcgammaRIIA genotypes was seen among the severe SARS patients (ICU and deceased subgroups) without co-morbidity, and the incidence of FcgammaRIIA-H/H131 was lower in these patients as well. There were no significant differences in MBL genotypes and allele frequencies among SARS patients and controls. The study reveals that in addition to age and co-morbidity, FcgammaRIIA polymorphism of individuals may also influence outcome after infection with the SARS-Cov.
Topline Results From Prospective, Double-masked, Placebo Controlled Phase 2 Clinical Study Evaluating Luminate® (ALG-1001) in Patients with Symptomatic Focal Vitreomacular Adhesion (2016)

Purpose : To investigate the safety and efficacy of Luminate (ALG-1001), a synthetic anti-angiogenic and vitreolytic oligopeptide, administered intravitreally in patients with focal vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) or vitreomacular traction (VMT).
Controlled Thermophoresis as an Actuation Mechanism for Noncantilevered MEMS Devices (2008)

A microelectromechanical system actuator based on thermophoretic, or Knudson, forces is proposed using analytical calculations. It can potentially execute scanning or spinning motions of a body that is not mechanically attached to the reference substrate. For a silicon device of 100-mum diameter, it is calculated that it can be levitated at a distance of about 0.5 mum from a substrate and that it can execute scanning motion and use quasi-springs by laterally acting thermal forces. In this way, an engine with spinning motion of a floating body having a diameter of 200 mum with up to 5 kHz can be achieved.
RATIONALE FOR INTEGRATING A HEAT AND POWER GENERATING UNIT IN A COTTON GIN FUELED BY COTTON GIN TRASH (2006)

in Lubbock, Texas has been successfully gasified in preliminary testing using an advanced BioMax ® downdraft
Group delay dispersion engineered antenna array (2013)

In this paper, a novel dispersion engineered antenna array is proposed. By properly choosing the feeding coefficients and spacing of each element of the antenna array, we are able to synthesize the group delay dispersion (GDD) in the antenna's far field where the waves are spatially combined. In addition, we will show the GDD created by the antenna array is angle dependent. This novel antenna array is very promising for radars and other security applications.
Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Corn Stover Lignin (2016)

Reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) has emerged as an effective biomass pretreatment strategy to depolymerize lignin into tractable fragments in high yields. We investigate the RCF of corn stover, a highly abundant herbaceous feedstock, using carbon-supported Ru and Ni catalysts at 200 and 250 °C in methanol and, in the presence or absence of an acid cocatalyst (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> or an acidified carbon support). Three key performance variables were studied: (1) the effectiveness of lignin extraction as measured by the yield of lignin oil, (2) the yield of monomers in the lignin oil, and (3) the carbohydrate retention in the residual solids after RCF. The monomers included methyl coumarate/ferulate, propyl guaiacol/syringol, and ethyl guaiacol/syringol. The Ru and Ni catalysts performed similarly in terms of product distribution and monomer yields. The monomer yields increased monotonically as a function of time for both temperatures. At 6 h, monomer yields of 27.2 and 28.3% were obtained at 250 and 200 °C, respectively, with Ni/C. The addition of an acid cocatalysts to the Ni/C system increased monomer yields to 32% for acidified carbon and 38% for phosphoric acid at 200 °C. The monomer product distribution was dominated by methyl coumarate regardless of the use of the acid cocatalysts. The use of phosphoric acid at 200 °C or the high temperature condition without acid resulted in complete lignin extraction and partial sugar solubilization (up to 50%) thereby generating lignin oil yields that exceeded the theoretical limit. In contrast, using either Ni/C or Ni on acidified carbon at 200 °C resulted in moderate lignin oil yields of ca. 55%, with sugar retention values >90%. Notably, these sugars were amenable to enzymatic digestion, reaching conversions >90% at 96 h. Characterization studies on the lignin oils using two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatrography revealed that soluble oligomers are formed via solvolysis, followed by further fragmentation on the catalyst surface via hydrogenolysis. Overall, the results show that clear trade-offs exist between the levels of lignin extraction, monomer yields, and carbohydrate retention in the residual solids for different RCF conditions of corn stover.
Efficient Data-Driven Network Functions (2022)

Cloud environments require dynamic and adaptive networking policies. It is preferred to use heuristics over advanced learning algorithms in Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in production because of high-performance constraints. This paper proposes Aquarius to passively yet efficiently gather observations and enable the use of machine learning to collect, infer, and supply accurate networking state information - without incurring additional signaling and management overhead. This paper illustrates the use of Aquarius with a traffic classifier, an auto-scaling system, and a load balancer - and demonstrates the use of three different machine learning paradigms - unsupervised, supervised, and reinforcement learning, within Aquarius, for inferring network state. Testbed evaluations show that Aquarius increases network state visibility and brings notable performance gains with low overhead.
Integrative proteomic and gene expression analysis identify annexinA1 and caveolin1 as predictive biomarkers for adjuvant trastuzumab resistance. (2014)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Design of a Cable-Driven Arm Exoskeleton (CAREX) for Neural Rehabilitation (2012)

Rehabilitation robots are, currently, being explored for training of neural impaired subjects or for assistance of those with weak limbs. Intensive training of neurally impaired subjects, with quantifiable outcomes, is the eventual goal of these robot exoskeletons. Conventional arm exoskeletons for rehabilitation are bulky and heavy. In recent years, the authors have proposed to make lightweight exoskeletons for rehabilitation by replacing the rigid links of the exoskeleton with lightweight cuffs fixed to the moving limb segments of the human arm. Cables are routed through these cuffs, which are driven by motors, to move the limb segments relative to each other. However, a scientific limitation of a cable-driven system is that each cable can only pull but not push. This paper is the first to demonstrate via experiments with cable-driven arm exoskeleton (CAREX) that it is possible to achieve desired forces on the hand, i.e., both pull and push, in any direction as required in neural training. In this research, an anthropomorphic arm was used to bench test the design and control concepts proposed in CAREX. As described in this paper, CAREX was attached to the limb segments of a five degree-of-freedom anthropomorphic arm instrumented with joint sensors. The cuffs of CAREX were designed to have adjustable cable routing points to optimize the “tensioned” workspace of the anthropomorphic arm. Simulation results of force field for training and rehabilitation of the arm are first presented. Experiments are conducted to show the performance of a CAREX force field controller when human subjects pull the end-effector of the anthropomorphic arm to travel on prescribed paths. The human-exoskeleton interface is also presented at the end of this paper to demonstrate the feasibility of CAREX on human arm.
Sicherer und effektiver Einsatz von Entecavir als first-line Therapie bei immunsupprimierten Patienten mit schwerer Hepatitis B Reaktivierung (2010)

Einleitung: Eine Reaktivierung des Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) unter Chemotherapie oder Immunsuppression ist eine lebensbedrohliche Komplikation, die sowohl bei HBs-Antigen positiven als auch bei HBs-Antigen negativen, anti-HBc positiven Patienten auftreten kann. Schwere Reaktivierungen sind häufig mit einer hohen Mortalität verbunden. Die neuen EASL Leitlinien empfehlen daher ein engmaschiges Screening vor Chemotherapie. Für die Therapie der HBV-Reaktivierung gibt es hingegen noch keine allgemeinen Empfehlungen.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Toll-like Receptor 9 Agonist IMO Cooperates with Cetuximab in <i>K</i>-<i>Ras</i> Mutant Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 555KB&lt;/p&gt;
Designing peptidomimetic antagonists for peptide receptors: topochemical differences of agonists and antagonists (2006)

Based on the results from these studies it is clear that the development of de novo approaches to peptidomimetic antagonist design presents very substantial challenges. Those features of structure and dynamic behavior that are critical to receptor binding and transduction must be carefully distinguished from those that are necessary only for specific binding/molecular recognition in both the ligand and the receptor. Thus, not only will true peptidomimetic antagonists require appropriate template structures that can mimic constrained peptide backbone conformations, but careful consideration of topographical constraint of side chain groups in the ligand also will be essential. We are now translating these findings into the design and synthesis of non-peptide peptidomimetic antagonist analogues.