gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Distributed and Centralized Arbitration Schemes for Combined Input-Crosspoint Buffered Packet Switches (2006)

Combined input-crosspoint buffered (CICB) packet switches perform input and output arbitrations separately. This arbitration separation permits distributed selection for both inputs and outputs. While input arbitrations are implemented in a distributed manner because inputs are located in different physical locations, output arbitrations can be implemented in either distributed or centralized manner since output arbiters are placed in the buffered crossbar. An advantage of using a centralized output arbitration approach is that more complex schemes can be executed without completely sacrificing the timing efficiency that CICB switches are known to have. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid arbitration approach that combines a distributed selection scheme at the inputs and a centralized selection scheme at the outputs. By using this hybrid approach, we show that a CICB switch with the minimum crosspoint-buffer size provides 100% throughput under admissible traffic that follows the strong law of large numbers, without using speedup.
The synthesis, X-ray and solid state NMR studies of 2-N,N-diisopropylamino-1,3,2λ5- oxaselenaphospholane-2-selone (1997)

31 P and 77Se high resolution solid state NMR spectroscopy was employed to study structural properties of 2-N,N-diisopropylamino-1,3,2λ5- oxaselenaphospholane-2-selone 5 the compound made in the course of developing reagents for stereocontrolled synthesis of nucleoside–phosphorothioates. Both 31P CP/MAS and 77Se CP/MAS experiments revealed that the asymmetric unit consists of two independent molecules with different geometry around phosphorus and selenium centres. The principal elements δii of the 31P chemical shift tensor were calculated from spinning sideband intensities employing the WIN-MAS program. The established values of anisotropy and asymmetry parameters reflect the distortion of the phosphorus environment and correspond well with X-ray diffraction data. Crystals of 2-N,N-diisopropylamino-1,3,2λ5- oxaselenaphospholane-2-selone grown from diethyl ether are triclinic, space group P with a = 7.586(2), b = 13.003(1), c = 13.649(1) Å, α = 89.683(8)°, β = 75.42(1)°, γ = 8.74(1)°, V = 1285(6) Å3, Dc = 1.722(2) g cm-3 and Z = 4. Refinement using 5243 reflections for 235 variables gives R = 0.047.
Murine Autoantibodies to a Cryptic Membrane Antigen: Possible Explanation for Neuraminidase-Induced Increase in Cell Immunogenicity2 (1974)

The normal sera of several mouse strains contained cytotoxic activity toward lymphocytes treated with neuraminidase (Nase) but not to untreated cells. The greatest cytotoxic activity was in C3H/HeJ mice. CBA/J and AKR/J mice also had high levels. In C57BL/6J mice, there was no cytotoxic activity toward Nase-treated lymphocytes. This cytotoxic activity (probably antibody) was complement dependent and stable at 56° C for 30 minutes, but was inactivated by heating to 80° C for 30 minutes. Nase-treated C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J cells contained equal amounts of this “hidden” antigen, as determined by absorption studies. Untreated cells contained no detectable antigen. These natural antibodies to a “cryptic” antigen exposed by Nase treatment were the basis of a theory to explain the increased immunogenicity of Nase-treated cells.
Correction: GATA1‐Mediated Transcriptional Regulation of the γ‐Secretase Activating Protein Increases Aβ Formation in Down Syndrome (2023)

mediated transcriptional regulation of the -secretase activating
A 65nm Single-Chip Application and Dual-Mode Baseband Processor with Partial Clock Activation and IP-MMU (2008)

The paper presents a single-chip application and dual-mode baseband processor. It features triple V design - a technology in a low-power 65nm CMOS process that achieves 500MHz for two CPUsp; power domains are separated into 21 sub-blocks to reduce leakage power; introduces a new IP-MMU, which translates virtual address to physical address or physical address to physical address, to 17 different kinds of media IPs; and the interconnect buffer (ICB) extends its function to involve the IP-MMU.
Abstract 18062: Long Term Mortality is Significantly Higher in Patients With Type II Compared With Type I Myocardial Infarction: A Propensity Matched Analysis (2017)

Background: Type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) is broadly defined as myocardial injury secondary to oxygen supply-demand mismatch while type I MI occurs due to reduction primarily in oxygen supply. ...
Practical B and P doping via SixSnyGe1−x−y−zMz quaternaries lattice matched to Ge: Structural, electrical, and strain behavior (2009)

We describe the fabrication of B and P doped SiGeSn ternaries, lattice-matched to Ge, with compositions adjusted to independently tune the band gap. These are deposited at 320–350 °C with superior crystallinity and morphology via in situ reactions of diborane (p-type) and designer P(SiH3)3 and P(GeH3)3 precursors (n-type). Device-level carrier concentrations in the 1019–1020/cm3 range are produced yielding film resistivities and carrier mobilities comparable to those of Ge indicating negligible alloy scattering. High boron levels induce a significant and systematic contraction of the host lattice, which is compensated by an adjustment of the Sn/Si ratio in accord with a simple model based on Vegard’s law, the mismatch of covalent radii of the constituents, and the absolute hydrostatic deformation potentials for the band edges.
#507 Characterization of RP5 (1998)

Shohet, J.; Frazer, K.; Sims, S. A.; Liu, Y. J.; Capra, J. D.; Banchereau, J.; Pascual, M. V.; Buchanan, G. R. Author Information
VLSI implementation of a 100-μW multirate FSK receiver (2001)

A very low-power frequency-shift keying (FSK) receiver has been designed for dual-purpose operation: deep space applications and general purpose baseband processing. The receiver is based on a novel, almost all-digital architecture. It supports a wide range of data rates and is very robust against large and fast frequency offsets due to Doppler effects. The architecture utilizes subsampling and l-b data processing together with an FFT-based detection scheme to enable power consumption dramatically lower than a conventional implementation., A system/hardware co-design approach allows the use of a number of circuit-level power reduction techniques while still meeting system-level constraints. In particular, we designed a combination of fully parallel and word-serial decimation stages to simultaneously optimize power consumption and silicon area. We also designed a very efficient FFT block that uses approximate arithmetic and pruning to greatly reduce overall complexity. Additional modules, such as direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) and magnitude computation, have also been optimized in view of the targeted system parameters: signal-to-noise ratio and bit-error rate. The entire architecture has been made maximally flexible and power efficient by utilizing local clock gating and simple interstage, handshaking mechanism. The receiver has been implemented in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology and takes up under 1 mm/sup 2/. The power consumption is below 100 /spl mu/W for data rates below 20 kb/s. Rates up to 2 Mb/s are supported.
Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Ti-Doped NiO Layers for Application in Resistive Switching Memories (2010)

We report on the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of Ti-doped NiO thin films on 300 mm wafers for the application in resistive switching memories. We have used molecular oxygen as the oxidizer and Ni(dmamb)2 and TDMAT as precursors for the supply of Ni and Ti respectively. A well-behaved process is proposed for which the Ti-concentration is tunable between 0% and ~15%. We will demonstrate the functionality of resistive switching devices consisting of the stack Ni/Ti-doped NiO/TiN, and we will discuss the potential benefits of the titanium doping.
NiZn/C Electrocatalysts for Direct Hydrazine Anionic Fuel Cells (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Melanization ofCryptococcus neoformansreduces its susceptibility to the antimicrobial effects of silver nitrate (2001)

Cryptococcus neoformans is a human pathogenic fungus that is frequently found in avian feces and Eucalyptus trees. There is evidence that C. neoformans can make a melanin-like pigment in pigeon excreta, a major natural environmental niche. Silver nitrate, AgNO3, is a highly toxic compound for bacteria and fungi. In this study we investigated the effects of melanin production by C. neoformans on the susceptibility of this fungus to AgNO3. C. neoformans was grown in media with and without the melanin precursor, L-dopa, for various times and susceptibility to AgNO3 was determined by measuring percentage of survival after incubation in AgNO3. There was an inverse association between time allowed for melanization and susceptibility to Ag+. Addition of melanin particles to a suspension of non-melanized C. neoformans cells reduced their susceptibility to AgNO3, consistent with metal ion chelation by melanin. Binding of Ag+ to melanin particles was demonstrated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that melanization of C. neoformans reduces susceptibility to a toxic heavy metal. This suggests a role for melanin in environmental protection against heavy metal toxicity.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF THE NOVEL COENYZME METHOXATIN (1985)

Abstract Es wird eine Totalsynthese des neuartigen Coenzyms Methoxatin (XIII) beschrieben, das für die Oxidation von Methanol und Formaldehyd in methylotrophen Bakterien wichtig ist.
A Novel Serum-Free Method for Culturing Human Prenatal Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (2008)

Monolayer cultures of human prenatal RPE can be grown and maintained long term in the total absence of serum and still retain the phenotype, gene and protein expression profile, and secretory capacity exhibited by mature RPE cells.
Abstract B130: Elevated cancer-intrinsic type I interferon signaling confers a dependency on the RNA editor ADAR1 (2019)

Abstract The deamination of adenosine to inosine (known as A-to-I editing) is one of the most prevalent RNA modifications that occurs in metazoans and is mediated by the Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR) family of enzymes. The enzyme ADAR/ADAR1 catalyzes the majority of A-to-I editing where it has been demonstrated to effect coding sequence, miRNA function and silencing of Alu repetitive elements1. A critical function of ADAR1 is to edit double stranded RNA (dsRNA) structures that can activate the cytoplasmic nucleoside sensors MDA5 and PKR, preventing aberrant activation of an innate immune type I interferon (IFN) response2,3. Consistent with this hypothesis, mutations in ADAR1 and other enzymes involved in nucleoside metabolism and/or sensing are found in Aicardi-Goutiéres Syndrome (AGS), an interferonopathy associated with spontaneous interferon production4. Through analysis of pooled CRISPR and shRNA screening data, we have identified that cancer cell lines with elevated expression of specific type I interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) are dependent on ADAR1 for their survival. Tumor cells can display elevated intrinsic type I interferon signaling and associated dsRNA burden due to multiple factors, including chronic cytoplasmic DNA activation of STING, oncovirus infection and other proinflammatory signals. We have identified a core subset of 26 ISGs that predict a cellular dependency on ADAR1 and demonstrate elevated expression of these ISGs in a diverse range of tumor types including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer. Utilizing an isogenic cell line with low basal type I interferon signaling and knockout of ADAR1, we demonstrate that we can induce cell death through exogenous treatment with the dsRNA mimetic poly-(I:C) or type I interferons (IFNα or IFNβ) but not the type II interferon IFNγ. We believe that chronic ISG expression and dsRNA burden creates a dependency on ADAR1 to prevent activation of MDA5 and PKR. These data suggest an ADAR1 inhibitor could be beneficial for the treatment of tumors with elevated ISG expression. Eisenberg et al., Nature Review Genetics (2018) Ahmad et al., Cell (2018) Chung et al., Cell (2018) Crow et al., Nature Review Immunology (2015) Citation Format: Alexandra K. Gardino, Cindy Collins, Maureen S. Lynes, P. Ann Boriack-Sjodin, Robert A. Copeland, Scott A. Ribich. Elevated cancer-intrinsic type I interferon signaling confers a dependency on the RNA editor ADAR1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B130. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-B130
Dynamically Grown Generative Adversarial Networks (2021)

Recent work introduced progressive network growing as a promising way to ease the training for large GANs, but the model design and architecture-growing strategy still remain under-explored and needs manual design for different image data. In this paper, we propose a method to dynamically grow a GAN during training, optimizing the network architecture and its parameters together with automation. The method embeds architecture search techniques as an interleaving step with gradient-based training to periodically seek the optimal architecture-growing strategy for the generator and discriminator. It enjoys the benefits of both eased training because of progressive growing and improved performance because of broader architecture design space. Experimental results demonstrate new state-of-the-art of image generation. Observations in the search procedure also provide constructive insights into the GAN model design such as generator-discriminator balance and convolutional layer choices.
Molecular Insights into Error-Prone DNA Replication and Error-Free Lesion Bypass (2002)

New DNA polymerase structures that differ significantly from known high-fidelity DNA polymerases provide new insights into how polymerases bypass damaged DNA like 1. Crystal structures of several Y-family DNA polymerases have recently been solved (see right-hand picture) and suggest that more open active sites may be the reason for the error propensity of low-fidelity polymerases.
CIRCULATING MOVING BED COMBUSTION PROOF OF CONCEPT (2010)

Circulating Moving Bed (CMB) combustion technology has its roots in traditional circulating fluidized bed technology and involves a novel method of solid fuel combustion and heat transfer. CMB technology represents a step change in improved performance and cost relative to conventional PC and FBC boilers. The CMB heat exchanger preheats the energy cycle working fluid, steam or air, to the high temperature levels required in systems for advanced power generation. Unique features of the CMB are the reduction of the heat transfer surfaces by about 60% as a result of the enhanced heat transfer rates, flexibility of operation, and about 30% lower cost over existing technology. The CMB Phase I project ran from July 2001 through March 2003. Its objective was to continue development of the CMB technology with a series of proof of concept tests. The tests were conducted at a scale that provided design data for scale up to a demonstration plant. These objectives were met by conducting a series of experiments in ALSTOM Power’s Multi-use Test Facility (MTF). The MTF was modified to operate under CMB conditions of commercial interest. The objective of the tests were to evaluate gas-to-solids heat transfer in the upper furnace, assess agglomeration in the high temperature CMB bubbling bed, and evaluate solids-to-tube heat transfer in the moving bed heat exchanger. The Phase I program results showed that there are still some significant technical uncertainties that needed to be resolved before the technology can be confidently scaled up for a successful demonstration plant design. Work remained in three primary areas: • scale up of gas to solid heat transfer • high temperature finned surface design • the overall requirements of mechanical and process design. The CMB Phase II workscope built upon the results of Phase I and specifically addressed the remaining technical uncertainties. It included a scaled MTF heat transfer test to provide the necessary data to scale up gas-to-solids heat transfer. A stress test rig was built and tested to provide validation data for a stress model needed to support high temperature finned surface design. Additional cold flow model tests and MTF tests were conducted to address mechanical and process design issues. This information was then used to design and cost a commercial CMB design concept. Finally, the MBHE was reconfigured into a slice arrangement and tested for an extended duration at a commercial CFB plant.
Fine-Grained Interconnect Synthesis (2015)

One of the key challenges for the FPGA industry going forward is to make the task of designing hardware easier. A significant portion of that design task is the creation of the interconnect pathways between functional structures. We present a synthesis tool that automates this process and focuses on the interconnect needs in the fine-grained (sub-IP-block) design space. Here there are several issues that prior research and tools do not address well: the need to have fixed, deterministic latency between communicating units (to enable high-performance local communication without the area overheads of latency-insensitivity), and the ability to avoid generating un-necessary arbitration hardware when the application design can avoid it. Using a design example, our tool generates interconnect that requires 72% fewer lines of specification code than a hand-written Verilog implementation, which is a 33% overall reduction for the entire application. The resulting system, while requiring 4% more total functional and interconnect area, achieves the same performance. We also show a quantitative and qualitative advantages against an existing commercial interconnect synthesis tool, over which we achieve a 25% performance advantage and 17%/57% logic/memory area savings.
Study of Integration Schemes Suited for the Long-Term Extrapolation (2011)

International audience
Adhesion molecules and their role in vascular disease (2001)

A variety of recently discovered glycoproteins have been implicated in cell-cell interactions that are critical for normal hemostasis, immune surveillance, and vascular wall integrity. These cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are known to mediate blood cell (leukocyte, platelet)-endothelial cell interactions that can occur in all segments of the microvasculature under certain physiological (eg, hemostasis) and pathological (eg, inflammation) conditions. The multistep process of leukocyte recruitment illustrates how the coordinated and regulated expression of structurally and functionally distinct families of CAM can elicit a highly reproducible vascular response to inflammation. Selectins mediate the initial, low-affinity leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction that is manifested as leukocyte rolling. This transient binding results in further leukocyte activation and subsequent firm adhesion and transendothelial migration of leukocytes, both of which are mediated by interactions between members of the integrin and immunoglobulin superfamily of CAM. This CAM-regulated process of leukocyte recruitment often results in endothelial cell dysfunction, which can be manifested as either impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in arterioles, excess fluid filtration in capillaries, and enhanced protein extravasation in venules. Consequently, CAM have been implicated in a variety of vascular disorders (eg, ischemia/reperfusion, atherosclerosis, allograft dysfunction, and vasculitis) and an enhanced expression of these CAM has been invoked to explain the exaggerated microvascular dysfunction associated with some of the risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes) for cardiovascular disease. Monoclonal antibodies and genetically engineered mice have proven to be valuable tools for defining the contribution of CAM to disease progression and provide hope for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
Epigenetic Alterations at Genomic Loci Modified by Gene Targeting in Arabidopsis thaliana (2013)

Gene Targeting (GT) is the integration of an introduced vector into a specific chromosomal site, via homologous recombination. It is considered an effective tool for precise genome editing, with far-reaching implications in biological research and biotechnology, and is widely used in mice, with the potential of becoming routine in many species. Nevertheless, the epigenetic status of the targeted allele remains largely unexplored. Using GT-modified lines of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we show that the DNA methylation profile of the targeted locus is changed following GT. This effect is non-directional as methylation can be either completely lost, maintained with minor alterations or show instability in the generations subsequent to GT. As DNA methylation is known to be involved in several cellular processes, GT-related alterations may result in unexpected or even unnoticed perturbations. Our analysis shows that GT may be used as a new tool for generating epialleles, for example, to study the role of gene body methylation. In addition, the analysis of DNA methylation at the targeted locus may be utilized to investigate the mechanism of GT, many aspects of which are still unknown.
Transesterifications catalysed by solid, reusable apatite–zinc chloride catalysts (2006)

We report for the first time the use of low cost and safe to handle fluoroapatite and hydroxyapatite supported zinc chloride reagents as solid and reusable catalysts for a wide range of transesterification reactions
Multi-oxides thin film formation on iron-base metal by YVO4 pulsed laser color marking (2007)

Multi-oxidized thin films were fabricated by applying laser color marking technique on a stainless steel surface with laser irradiation using an YVO4 pulsed-laser at 30 kHz in atmospheric conditions. These multi-oxidized thin films emitted several colors including purple, violet, ultramarine, orange, and green. Using this technique, these mono-colors were produced on the surface according to the scanning repetition number and laser power. Results of XRD analyses for the colored areas showed several types of oxides consisting of FeO, Fe3O4, CrO, Cr2O3, Cr3O4, NiO, Ni2O3, NiCr2O4, and their mixed oxides, which consisted of oxygen vacancy structures. Each of these oxides has its original color for each composition and structure if the mono-phase area producing it shows clear mono-color corresponding to the composition and structure.