gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable electrical properties of TaNx thin films grown by ionized physical vapor deposition (2014)

Tantalum nitride (TaNx) amorphous thin films with varying nitrogen content were grown on SiO2/Si using ionized physical vapor deposition. The composition of the films was examined by Rutherford back scattering spectrometry. The carrier density and the resistivity of TaNx films were measured by Hall effect and Van Der Pauw's method. TaNx thin films showed increased electrical resistivity and reduced carrier density as the amount of nitrogen was increased. By controlling the nitrogen content, the carrier density can be tuned within a large range of 1019–1022 cm−3 for 3 and 15 nm thick TaNx films. The metallicity of the films was confirmed using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. For 3 nm thick TaNx films, carrier densities of ∼1021 cm−3 were obtained with the N2 flow rate in the range of 10–15 sccm. Such films have potential application in a quantum metal field effect transistor.
Hyperspectral one dimensional visual stimulus generator (2010)

The system with the hyperspectral camera and hyperspectral display can reproduce the spectral information of objects, instead of color of objects. With this technology, a complete range of color values can be achieved and observer metameric failure can be avoided. Multispectral or hyperspectral displays were already developed by Yamaguchi, et al. and by Brown et al. Some of the authors of this study, Dr. Yamauchi and Dr. Uchikawa, have developed a programmable light source with digital micro mirror for measuring color matching function. In this study, we modified the programmable light source to build a new type of visual stimulus generator. The device developed in the previous study used the function of only one dimensional of Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) to adjust the power of monochromatic light between 400 and 700 nm. In this study, we used the other dimension to form 300 arrays of lines which consisted of independent combinations of the monochromatic light. The wavelength resolution was 3 nm. Although we used a high power Xenon lamp for the light source, the illuminance on the screen was 2 lx. We are adding Maxwellian view optics to observe the stimulus directly in order to overcome the dimness of the stimulus. It is crucial for the projection type of visual stimulus that an adequate light source be found.
Boeing 707 antenna coverage for X-band sensor link (2003)

An X-band pod sensor employing a 9-inch dish antenna on the underside of Boeing 707 is subjected to pattern blockage from the wings, engine, and fuselage depending on the look angles and aircraft banking. The numerical electromagnetic code (NEC)-basic scattering code is used to analyse pattern blockage, including aircraft scattering structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Ginkgolide B (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The significance of dispersion of nano-SiO2 on early age hydration of cement pastes (2019)

Nano-materials have various promising properties to concrete material. However, the poor dispersion of nano-materials remains to be a big challenge which impairs the target performances and thus increases the economic cost. In this study, we focused on one of the most widely used nano-materials, nano-SiO2 and investigated the influence of its dispersion on the early age hydration of cement pastes. A recently developed method was applied to chemically graft polycarboxylate superplasticizer onto nano-SiO2 particles to produce well dispersed particles with the shell core structure (nano-SiO2@PCE). Dispersity of nano-SiO2@PCE in deionized water (DI water) and in simulated pore solution of cement pastes was carefully characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) techniques. The effects of nano-SiO2 dispersion on the early age hydration of cement pastes were investigated. The results showed that with good dispersion only 0.5% by mass of nano-SiO2 can significantly accelerate hydration. The retarding effect unintentionally caused by PCE was observed to influence particularly on the length of induction period rather than other stages of hydration. BNG model was used in the end to quantitatively analyze and shed more lights on the influence of nano-SiO2 on the kinetics of C3S hydration.
Fast Simplified Successive-Cancellation List Decoding of Polar Codes (2017)

Polar codes are capacity achieving error correcting codes that can be decoded through the successive-cancellation algorithm. To improve its error-correction performance, a list-based version called successive-cancellation list (SCL) has been proposed in the past, that however substantially increases the number of time-steps in the decoding process. The simplified SCL (SSCL) decoding algorithm exploits constituent codes within the polar code structure to greatly reduce the required number of time-steps without introducing any error-correction performance loss. In this paper, we propose a faster decoding approach to decode one of these constituent codes, the Rate-1 node. We use this Rate-1 node decoder to develop Fast-SSCL. We demonstrate that only a list-size-bound number of bits needs to be estimated in Rate-1 nodes and Fast-SSCL exactly matches the error-correction performance of SCL and SSCL. This technique can potentially greatly reduce the total number of time-steps needed for polar codes decoding: analysis on a set of case studies show that Fast-SSCL has a number of time-steps requirement that is up to 66.6% lower than SSCL and 88.1% lower than SCL.
Comprehensive laboratory and field testing of cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyzers measuring H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 4 and CO (2015)

Abstract. To develop an accurate measurement network of greenhouse gases, instruments in the field need to be stable and precise and thus require infrequent calibrations and a low consumption of consumables. For about 10 years, cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzers have been available that meet these stringent requirements for precision and stability. Here, we present the results of tests of CRDS instruments in the laboratory (47 instruments) and in the field (15 instruments). The precision and stability of the measurements are studied. We demonstrate that, thanks to rigorous testing, newer models generally perform better than older models, especially in terms of reproducibility between instruments. In the field, we see the importance of individual diagnostics during the installation phase, and we show the value of calibration and target gases that assess the quality of the data. Finally, we formulate recommendations for use of these analyzers in the field.
Adequacy improvement between a simulated and an actual robotized cell (1989)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Enhancing Human Balance Control by Apply Random Vibrations to the Ankle Tendons (2006)

Somatosensory function declines with age, and such changes have been associated with postural instability. Recently, it has been shown that input noise can enhance sensory and motor function. PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate whether subsensory mechanical noise applied to the ankles via randomly vibrating wraps can be used to improve balance control in young and elderly subjects. METHODS: Two quiet standing experiments were performed. Experiment 1 investigated the application of four different amplitudes of noise to find the noise level that produced the largest reduction in postural sway in twelve healthy young subjects. Experiment 2 tested further the effect of this optimal noise level on balance control in a sample of fifteen healthy young and fifteen healthy elderly subjects. To characterize balance during quiet standing, five traditional sway parameters, five sway parameters that have been shown to be predictive of falls, and three random-walk sway parameters were computed for the noise and control (no noise) trials, respectively, for each subject. RESULTS: In Experiment 1, four of the five traditional sway parameters indicated that the optimal level of mechanical noise was 75% of the sensory threshold for the subjects tested. In Experiment 2, application of this optimal level of noise (75% of sensory threshold) resulted in a reduction in 12 of the 13 sway parameters in the young subjects and all of the sway parameters in the elderly subjects. For the main effect of stimulation, decreases in 10 of the sway parameters– five traditional, three fall-predictive, and two random-walk parameters-were statistically significant (p <0.05). The elderly subjects also showed greater improvements than the young in the anteroposterior range of sway (p= 0.047). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that noise-based devices, such as randomly vibrating ankle wraps, could ameliorate age-related impairments in balance control. Supported by NIH Grant HD37880, AG08812 andHD40035.
Roseochelin B, an Algaecidal Natural Product Synthesized by the Roseobacter Phaeobacter inhibens in Response to Algal Sinapic Acid (2017)

The secondary metabolome of the representative Roseobacter, Phaeobacter inhibens, was examined in response to algal sinapic acid. In addition to roseobacticides, sinapic acid induced the production of two new natural products, roseochelin A and B, which were characterized by NMR and X-ray crystallography. Functional assays showed that roseochelin B binds iron and is algaecidal against the algal host Emiliania huxleyi. It appears to be produced by a rarely observed combination of nonenzymatic and enzymatic transformations.
Increased Resting-State Positron Emission Tomography Activity After Cochlear Implantation in Adult Deafened Cats (2022)

Resting-state cortical activity in the default mode network components was elevated after cochlear stimulation. This suggests that the animals' awareness level was elevated after hearing restoration by the cochlear implantation.
Abstract 11: Is the Outcome from Witnessed VF Cardiac Arrest Improved by Providing More CPR? Results from DEFI2005, a Randomized Controlled Trial of two AED Protocols (2008)

Several before/after studies have found that the Guidelines 2005 CPR protocol improved cardiac arrest outcomes compared with historical cohorts treated with Guidelines 2000. These results support t...
Implant Inclination and Horizontal Misfit in Metallic Bar Framework of Overdentures: Analysis By 3D-FEA Method (2018)

The aim of this study was to evaluate by three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA) the biomechanics involved in bar-framework system for overdentures. The studied factors were latero-lateral angulation in the right implant (-10, -5, 0, 5 and 10 degrees), and different bar cross-sections (circular, Hader and oval) presenting horizontal misfits (50 or 150 µm) on the opposite implant. Positive angulation (5 and 10 degrees) for implant inclination to mesial position, negative angulation (-5 and -10 degrees) for distal position, and zero degree for parallel implants. The von Mises stresses evaluated the bar, screw and the implant; maximum principal, minimum principal and shear stress analyses evaluated the peri-implant bone tissue. Parallel implants provide lower stress in alveolar bone tissue; mesial inclined bars showed the most negative effect on prosthetic structures and implants. In conclusion, bar cross-section showed no influence on stress distribution for peri-implant bone tissue, and circular bar provided better behavior to the prosthetic system. Higher stress concentration is provided to all system as the misfit increases.
Effect of dose and size on defect engineering in carbon cluster implanted silicon wafers (2017)

Carbon-cluster-ion-implanted defects were investigated by high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy toward achieving high-performance CMOS image sensors. We revealed that implantation damage formation in the silicon wafer bulk significantly differs between carbon-cluster and monomer ions after implantation. After epitaxial growth, small and large defects were observed in the implanted region of carbon clusters. The electron diffraction pattern of both small and large defects exhibits that from bulk crystalline silicon in the implanted region. On the one hand, we assumed that the silicon carbide structure was not formed in the implanted region, and small defects formed because of the complex of carbon and interstitial silicon. On the other hand, large defects were hypothesized to originate from the recrystallization of the amorphous layer formed by high-dose carbon-cluster implantation. These defects are considered to contribute to the powerful gettering capability required for high-performance CMOS image sensors.
ROBOTIC INTEGRAL ATTACHMENT (2017)

Integral joints provide a rapid, simple and mechanically strong connection between parts.Our investigation focuses on the assembly of cross-laminated wood veneer plates, where previous studies have shown that the strength of through-tenons is equivalent or superior to state-ofthe-art fasteners such as screws or nails.This mechanical behavior is highly dependent on a precise fit of the joints, where no gaps are left between the parts.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Prosapogenin Methyl Ester of Platycodin D via Nuclear Factor-kappaB Pathway Inhibition (2008)

Platycodin D (PD) isolated from Platycodi Radix has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. In this study, we have investigated anti-inflammatory activities of prosapogenin D (PrsD) and prosapogenin D methyl ester (PrsDMe) of PD. The results indicated that PrsDMe concentration-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, however, PrsD did not inhibit NO production in LPS-induced macrophages. Furthermore, PrsDMe inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) without appreciable cytotoxic effects. In the transfectant RAW 264.7 cells, PrsDMe was observed to reduce the level of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity. PrsDMe also inhibited the degradation of an inhibitory protein called inhibitor kappaB (IkappaB). Therefore, it was suggested that PrsDMe inhibited the expression of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 genes by suppressing NF-kappaB activation at the transcriptional level. Also, PrsDMe showed carrageenan-induced acute anti-inflammatory activity and the adjuvant-induced anti-arthritic activity in mice. In conclusion, we suggest that these compounds exert an anti-inflammatory effect through the regulation of the NF-kappaB pathway. The different activities of PD, PrsD and PrsDMe are based on the structure of the sugar substituent or methyl group at the C28-carboxyl position.
Language modeling for automatic turkish broadcast news transcription (2007)

The aim of this study is to develop a speech recognition system for Turkish broadcast news. State-of-the-art speech recognition systems utilize statistical models. A large amount of data is required to reliably estimate these models. For this study, a large Turkish Broadcast News database, consisting of the speech signal and corresponding transcriptions, is being collected. In this paper, information about this database and experiments performed using the system developed on the collected data are presented. In addition to the baseline system, various sub-word language models are investigated. Lexical stem-endings are proposed as a novel unit for language modeling and are shown to perform better than surface stem-endings and morphs. Currently, our best systems have lower than 20% error on clean speech.
Stochastic Exploration of Ambiguities for Nonrigid Shape Recovery (2013)

Recovering the 3D shape of deformable surfaces from single images is known to be a highly ambiguous problem because many different shapes may have very similar projections. This is commonly addressed by restricting the set of possible shapes to linear combinations of deformation modes and by imposing additional geometric constraints. Unfortunately, because image measurements are noisy, such constraints do not always guarantee that the correct shape will be recovered. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a stochastic sampling approach to efficiently explore the set of solutions of an objective function based on point correspondences. This allows us to propose a small set of ambiguous candidate 3D shapes and then use additional image information to choose the best one. As a proof of concept, we use either motion or shading cues to this end and show that we can handle a complex objective function without having to solve a difficult nonlinear minimization problem. The advantages of our method are demonstrated on a variety of problems including both real and synthetic data.
Nightmare Frequency, Nightmare Distress, and Psychopathology in Female Victims of Childhood Maltreatment (2013)

This study investigated the relationships between a history of childhood maltreatment, the frequency of disturbing dreams, their associated distress, and the presence of psychopathology in 352 female undergraduate volunteers. Participants completed questionnaires assessing dream recall, bad dream and nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, psychological well-being, and history of childhood trauma. Four groups were investigated based on the type and severity of childhood maltreatments experienced. Women reporting more severe forms of maltreatment reported higher frequencies of disturbing dreams, higher levels of nightmare distress, and greater psychopathology. Results showed that nightmare distress explains frequency of disturbed dreaming beyond the effect of psychopathology and childhood trauma. The results highlight the importance of assessing waking distress associated with disturbing dreams independently from their actual incidence.
Study of C/Doped δ-Bi2O3 Redox Reactions by in Operando Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction: Bond Energy/Oxygen Vacancy and Reaction Kinetics Relationships C (2018)

One major technical and economic hurdle on the sequestration of CO₂ is its separation from nitrogen when fossil fuels are burned in air. An alternative, thermodynamically equivalent approach is to use a metal oxide as an oxygen carrier (oxidizer) and then recycle the carrier following its reduction by exothermic reoxidation in air. This process, termed chemical looping combustion (CLC), places many requirements on the oxygen carrier. Here, we explore how to evaluate the relationship between the microscopic properties of an oxygen carrier and its performance in CLC. In this paper, systematically doped Bi₂O₃ were synthesized as oxygen carriers for the oxidation of carbon. In operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction and online mass spectrometry enable us to monitor both the phase evolution in the solid and the production of gaseous products. Initiation temperature and reaction kinetics were deduced on the basis of the X-ray diffraction peak intensity change. Results show that lower metal–oxygen bond energy and higher oxygen vacancy concentration of doped Bi₂O₃ led to lower onset temperature, faster reaction rate, and smaller activation energy for carbon oxidation. These results provide important insights into manipulating the atomic properties of oxygen carrier for CLC applications.
A Direct, Efficient Method for the Preparation of siRNAs Containing Ribo-like North Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Pseudosugars (2011)

An efficient method for the preparation of siRNAs modified with ribo-like North bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane pseudosugars is described. The combined use of 2'-O-(2-cyanoethoxymethyl) (CEM) and 2'-O-TBDMS protection was successfully employed for RNA synthesis with the added advantage that both groups were efficiently removed in a single step. The resulting North ribo-methanocarba-modified siRNAs are compatible with the intracellular RNAi machinery and can mediate specific degradation of target mRNA.
Interference from GPU System Service Requests (2018)

Heterogeneous systems combine general-purpose CPUs with domain-specific accelerators like GPUs. Recent heterogeneous system designs have enabled GPUs to request OS services, but the domain-specific nature of accelerators means that they must rely on the CPUs to handle these requests. Such system service requests can unintentionally harm the performance of unrelated CPU applications. Tests on a real heterogeneous processor demonstrate that GPU system service requests can degrade contemporaneous CPU application performance by up to 44% and can reduce energy efficiency by limiting CPU sleep time. The reliance on busy CPU cores to perform the system services can also slow down GPU work by up to 18%. This new form of interference is found only in accelerator-rich heterogeneous designs and may be exacerbated in future systems with more accelerators. We explore mitigation strategies from other fields that, in the face of such interference, can increase CPU and GPU performance by over 20% and $2 \times$, respectively, and CPU sleep time by $4.8 \times$. However, these strategies do not always help and offer no performance guarantees. We therefore describe a technique to guarantee quality of service to CPU workloads by dynamically adding backpressure to GPU requests.
Deep-coverage whole genome sequences and blood lipids among 16,324 individuals (2017)

Deep-coverage whole genome sequencing at the population level is now feasible and offers potential advantages for locus discovery, particularly in the analysis rare mutations in non-coding regions. Here, we performed whole genome sequencing in 16,324 participants from four ancestries at mean depth &gt;29X and analyzed correlations of genotypes with four quantitative traits – plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We conducted a discovery analysis including common or rare variants in coding as well as non-coding regions and developed a framework to interpret genome sequence for dyslipidemia risk. Common variant association yielded loci previously described with the exception of a few variants not captured earlier by arrays or imputation. In coding sequence, rare variant association yielded known Mendelian dyslipidemia genes and, in non-coding sequence, we detected no rare variant association signals after application of four approaches to aggregate variants in non-coding regions. We developed a new, genome-wide polygenic score for LDL-C and observed that a high polygenic score conferred similar effect size to a monogenic mutation (~30 mg/dl higher LDL-C for each); however, among those with extremely high LDL-C, a high polygenic score was considerably more prevalent than a monogenic mutation (23% versus 2% of participants, respectively).
IllumiRoom (2015)

IllumiRoom is a proof-of-concept system that surrounds a television with projected light, bringing video games, and film experiences out of the TV screen and into the real world. IllumiRoom uses 3D scanning and projected light to change the appearance of the room, induce apparent motion, extend the field of view, and enable entirely new gaming experiences. Our system is entirely self-calibrating and is designed to work in any room. We present a detailed exploration of the design space of possible projected visualizations and we demonstrate ways to trigger and drive these visualizations from gaming content. We also contribute specific feedback from two groups of target users (10 gamers and 15 game designers); providing insights for enhancing game and film experiences beyond the TV.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiomerically Pure Bicyclic Pyrrolidine Derivatives. Preparation and Application in Asymmetric Syntheses. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.