gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature effect and kinetics, LiZr2(PO4)3 and Li1.2Al0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3 and electrochemical properties for rechargeable ion batteries (2022)

Summary A NASICON‐type LiZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (LZP) and Li 1.2 Al 0.2 Zr 1.8 (PO 4 ) 3 (LAZP) anode materials are synthesized via a facile method, materials were characterized by a variety of structural techniques, investigated the electrochemical performance for rechargeable battery applications. A highly stable rhombohedral phase of LAZP is noticed at room temperature, with a discharge capacity of 909 mAh.g −1 , which is 1.6 times higher than that of LZP. Further, the highly stable charge storage performance is observed up to 3000 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 99%. For the first time, we investigated the in‐situ temperature effect on the discharge capacity of the assembled anode material, found a strong effect on the discharge capacity, and achieved ~120 and 149 mAh.g −1 at 65°C for LZP and LAZP anodes. Furthermore, the real‐time charge holding effect of LAZP cell is performed with the computer, the cell worked well in the CMOS battery slot without a CMOS battery error during CPU turn‐on condition for 1536 h. In brief, an optimized electrode material of LAZP showed greater stability and capacity with high efficiency compared with LZP even at elevated temperatures. Hence, LAZP may be utilized to fabricate a coin cell for real time applications.
Improving arabic broadcast transcription using automatic topic clustering (2012)

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) has been shown to be an effective model to augment n-gram language models in speech recognition applications. In this work, we aim to take advantage of the superior unsupervised learning ability of the framework, and use it to uncover topic structure embedded in the corpora in an entirely data-driven fashion. In addition, we describe a bi-level inference and classification method that allows topic clustering at the utterance level while preserving the document-level topic structures. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed topic clustering pipeline in a state-of-the-art Arabic broadcast transcription system. Experiments show that optimizing LM in the LDA topic space leads to 5% reduction in language model perplexity. It is further shown that topic clustering and adaptation is able to attain 0.4% absolute word error rate reduction on the GALE Arabic task.
Characterization of Dodecane-Surfactant-Brine Emulsions Using THz Imaging (2011)

We investigate the feasibility of using terahertz imaging to quantify the relative dodecane (C12H26) content and long-term stability of dodecane-surfactant-brine emulsions of varying salinity for their use in surfactant-enhanced oil recovery.
Performance of Optical Fibers in Space Radiation Environment (2006)

The use of optical fibers in low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites is a source of concern due to the radiation environment in which these satellites operate and the reliability of devices based on these fibers. Although radiation induced damage in optical fibers cannot be avoided, it can certainly be minimized by intelligent engineering. Qualifying fibers for use in space is both time consuming and expensive, and manufacturers of satellites and their payloads have started to ask for radiation performance data from optical fiber vendors. Over time, Nufern has developed fiber designs, compositions and processes to make radiation hard fibers. Radiation performance data of a variety of fibers that find application in space radiation environment are presented.
In Situ Patrolling of Regulatory T Cells Is Essential for Protecting Autoimmune Exocrinopathy (2010)

These results indicate that CCR7 essentially governs the patrolling functions of Treg cells by controlling the traffic to the exocrine organs for protecting autoimmunity. Characterization of this cellular mechanism could have clinical implications by supporting development of new diagnosis or treatments for the organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome and clarifying how the local immune system regulates autoimmunity.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Dihydroisocoumarin Moiety of Microbial Agent AI‐77‐B: A Diels—Alder Based Strategy. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of a novel bioengineered 3D brain‐like tissue for studying primary blast‐induced traumatic brain injury (2022)

Primary blast injury is caused by the direct impact of an overpressurization wave on the body. Due to limitations of current models, we have developed a novel approach to study primary blast-induced traumatic brain injury. Specifically, we employ a bioengineered 3D brain-like human tissue culture system composed of collagen-infused silk protein donut-like hydrogels embedded with human IPSC-derived neurons, human astrocytes, and a human microglial cell line. We have utilized this system within an advanced blast simulator (ABS) to expose the 3D brain cultures to a blast wave that can be precisely controlled. These 3D cultures are enclosed in a 3D-printed surrogate skull-like material containing media which are then placed in a holder apparatus inside the ABS. This allows for exposure to the blast wave alone without any secondary injury occurring. We show that blast induces an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity and glutamate release from the cultures, indicating cellular injury. Additionally, we observe a significant increase in axonal varicosities after blast. These varicosities can be stained with antibodies recognizing amyloid precursor protein. The presence of amyloid precursor protein deposits may indicate a blast-induced axonal transport deficit. After blast injury, we find a transient release of the known TBI biomarkers, UCHL1 and NF-H at 6 h and a delayed increase in S100B at 24 and 48 h. This in vitro model will enable us to gain a better understanding of clinically relevant pathological changes that occur following primary blast and can also be utilized for discovery and characterization of biomarkers.
Automated layer segmentation of optical coherence tomography images (2010)

By measuring the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer, retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are now increasingly used for the diagnosis of glaucoma. This paper reports an automatic OCT layer segmentation technique that can be used for computer-aided glaucoma diagnosis. In the proposed technique, blood vessels are first detected through an iterative polynomial smoothing procedure. OCT images are then filtered by a bilateral filter and a median filter sequentially. In particular, both filters suppress the local image noise but the bilateral filter has a special characteristic that keeps the global trend of the image value variation. After the image filtering, edges are detected and the edge segments corresponding to the layer boundary are further identified and clustered to form the layer boundary. Experiments over OCT images of four subjects show that the proposed technique segments layers of OCT images efficiently.
Combined MEMS spectrometer based on Michelson interferometer and tunable filter for wideband selective operation (2020)

In this work we report on combining MEMS Michelson interferometer core engine cascaded with a low finesse Fabry-Perot (FP) tunable filter to enhance the spectral resolution over a wide spectral range. In this scheme, the different FP longitudinal modes within the FTIR spectrometer range are utilized simultaneously to scan the spectrum of the measured material by tuning the filter, while the FTIR engine discriminates between the contributions of the different FP modes; given that the spectral resolution of the FTIR engine is smaller than the FSR of the FP. The presented scheme is implemented experimentally using a FP cavity which is finely tuned using piezo actuator, with a scanning MEMS Michelson interferometer achieving a resolution of 16 nm at 1550 nm. The system is used to resolve two laser lines at 1548 nm and 1552 nm achieving a resolution of 4 nm at 1550 nm leading to four times enhancement. We also measured the absorption lines of a references material in the wavelength range of 1450 nm to 1750 nm and compared it to the measurement of a bench top spectrometer and the two results are in close agreement
Position Control of Tendon-Driven Fingers (2011)

Conventionally, tendon-driven manipulators implement some force control scheme based on tension feedback. This feedback allows the system to ensure that the tendons are maintained taut with proper levels of tensioning at all times. Occasionally, whether it is due to the lack of tension feedback or the inability to implement sufficiently high stiffnesses, a position control scheme is needed. This work compares three position controllers for tendon-driven manipulators. A new controller is introduced that achieves the best overall performance with regards to speed, accuracy, and transient behavior. To compensate for the lack of tension feedback, the controller nominally maintains the internal tension on the tendons by implementing a two-tier architecture with a range-space constraint. These control laws are validated experimentally on the Robonaut-2 humanoid hand. I
Potential antitumor agents. 35. Quantitative relationships between antitumor (L1210) potency and DNA binding for 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) analogs (1981)

Factors influencing dose potency of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) analogues in L1210 assays have been investigated by multiple regression analysis. The dependent variable was D40, the dose to provide 40% life extension in L1210 tests. Independent variables examined were chromatographic Rm values, as a measure of agent lipophilic-hydrophilic balance; Rm2; log K, where K is the agent-DNA association constant for poly[d(A-T)]; log T1/2, the half-life for congener thiolytic cleavage; and agent pKa values. A regression equation containing terms in Rm2 and log K was derived with the latter term accepting the greater proportion of the biological variance. DNA binding, of acridine substituted m-AMSA variants, is the most important factor influencing dose potency. Modeling of log K for 3-substituted derivatives provided an equation in substituent R constants and molar refractivities (MR).
Disability risk in pediatric motor vehicle crash occupants (2017)

Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level III.
<title>Active photo-physical processes in the pulsed UV nanosecond laser exposure of photostructurable glass ceramic materials</title> (2004)

We have performed experiments in which sample coupons of a commercial photostructurable glass ceramic (PSGC) material have been carefully exposed to various photon doses by pulsed UV nanosecond lasers at λ = 266 nm and λ = 355 nm. Following UV laser irradiation, the samples were analyzed by optical transmission spectroscopy to investigate the latent image and identify the photo-induced trapped (defect) state. The irradiated samples were thermally processed and the quenching of this trapped state and the concurrent growth of a spectral band associated with the formation of nanometer-scale metallic clusters was then observed using optical transmission spectroscopy. The results show that exposure at λ = 266 nm generates a defect state distribution that is markedly broader compared with the defect state distribution that is generated via λ = 355 nm excitation. The defect concentration formed with λ = 266 nm radiation is also much larger compared with the defect concentration associated with λ = 355 nm exposure. The results reveal that the metallic cluster concentration saturates with increasing laser irradiance, while the defect state concentration does not saturate. These studies have identified two precursor states of the exposed PSGC material that are tractable via spectroscopic techniques and could be used to refine the laser exposure and thermal processing of PSGC materials.
Highly Selective Gas-Phase Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetone to Isopropyl Alcohol (2022)

Current industrial synthesis procedures of isopropyl alcohol (IPA), by the direct or indirect hydration of propylene in the gas or liquid phase, suffer from the low conversion of propylene, the requirement for high pressure, and the harmfulness to the environment. In this context, we report a single-step, gas-phase process for the green synthesis of IPA via acetone hydrogenation, in a fixed-bed reactor, under ambient pressure and within a temperature range of 100–350 °C. Composite catalysts with various ratios of ruthenium nanoparticles supported on activated charcoal and nano-zinc oxide (n-Ru/AC/n-ZnO) were used. Catalytic activity and selectivity were functions of n-Ru/AC/n-ZnO loading ratios, reaction temperature, and the hydrogen to acetone molar ratio. The composite catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) analysis, and nitrogen physisorption. High yields of IPA were obtained over 3n-Ru/AC/2n-ZnO) catalyst, which showed the highest selectivity of 98.7% toward isopropyl alcohol and acetone conversion of 96.0% under a hydrogen to acetone mole ratio of 1.5 at 100 °C. Reaction rates, calculated from the model equation, were in reasonable agreement with those measured experimentally. The apparent activation energy (Ea) value for acetone hydrogenation was found to be 17.2 kJ/mol. This study proved that immobilized Ru catalysts were potential superior catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of acetone to IPA in exceptionally mild green synthesis conditions.
EUS - experimental and evolving techniques (2006)

In recent years both the utility and the technique of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have become more established in the minds of physicians. It has also become more widely available as more medical centres have added it to their diagnostic repertoire. The development of echoendoscopes with larger accessory channels has opened up the possibility for further developments of new devices and procedures. Needles with larger diameter have become available, which besides obtaining tissue from the target organ, may now also allow the injection of agents or objects into it [1] [2]. These new developments have laid the ground for the evolution of an exiting new dimension of use: EUS-guided surgical therapy.
A pulse frequency modulated PWM inverter for induction motor drives (1992)

A PWM pulse pattern optimization method using pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is described. In conventional PWMs the pulse frequency is kept constant. In the proposed PFM, however, the pulse frequency is adjusted. The PFM technique is intended to not only reduce the magnetic acoustic noises of driven motors but also to improve the performance of sinusoidal inverters. The PWM pulse patterns are basically controlled so that the time-integral function of the voltage vectors in the space vector notation may draw a circular locus. In addition to this, the pulse frequency, of PWM is also controlled so that the performance index (PI), which represents the degree of achieved objectives, may be minimized. Two PIs, one for minimizing the distortion of output currents and the other for minimizing the torque pulsation of driven motors, are employed. The method is implemented using a single-chip microprocessor, and the experimental results demonstrate its validity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Catalytic transformations of organic matter in tropospheric aerosols - Importance for aerosol optical properties and gas-phase chemistry (2008)

Catalytic transformations of organic matter in tropospheric aerosols - Importance for aerosol optical properties and gas-phase chemistry
Chip-based Reversed-phase Liquid Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry of Permethylated N-Linked Glycans: A Potential Methodology for Cancer-biomarker Discovery (2010)

The study of protein glycosylation in biological fluids and tissues has substantial medical importance, as changes in glycan structures have now been associated with a number of diseases. Quantification of glycomic-profile changes is becoming increasingly important in the search for disease biomarkers. Here, we report a highly reproducible combination of a glycomic sample preparation/solid-phase derivatization of glycoprotein-derived N-linked glycans with their subsequent microchip-based separation and mass-spectrometric (MS) measurements. Following our previously described reductive beta-elimination for O-linked glycans with ammonia-borane complex to reduce N-linked structures, the N-linked alditol structures are effectively methylated in dimethylformamide medium to avoid artefacts in MS measurements. Reversed-phase microfluidic liquid chromatography (LC) of methylated N-linked oligosaccharide alditols resolved some closely related structures into regular retention increments, aiding in their structural assignments. Optimized LC gradients, together with nanospray MS, have been applied here in the quantitative measurements of N-linked glycans in blood serum, distinguishing breast cancer patients from control individuals.
DETECTION AND DECOMPOSITION: TREATMENT-INDUCED CYCLIC GENE EXPRESSION DISRUPTION IN HIGH-THROUGHPUT TIME-SERIES DATASETS (2012)

Higher organisms possess many genes which cycle under normal conditions, to allow the organism to adapt to expected environmental conditions throughout the course of a day. However, treatment-induced disruption of regular cyclic gene expression patterns presents a significant challenge in novel gene discovery experiments because these disruptions can induce strong differential regulation events for genes that are not involved in an adaptive response to the treatment. To address this cycle disruption problem, we reviewed the state-of-art periodic pattern detection algorithms and a pattern decomposition algorithm (PRIISM), which is a knowledge-based Fourier analysis algorithm designed to distinguish the cyclic patterns from the rest gene expression patterns, and discussed potential future improvements.
A 15-Ch. 0.019 mm2/Ch. 0.43% Gain Mismatch Orthogonal Code Chopping Instrumentation Amplifier SoC for Bio-Signal Acquisition (2019)

This paper proposes a 15-Ch. low power, small area, Orthogonal Code Chopping Instrumentation Amplifier (OCCIA). Orthogonal codes directly modulate each channel and merge into a single IA while performing dynamic offset compensation. Digitization-Before-Demodulation (DBD) transmits the combined data directly, which alleviates ripple noise, and completely removes the demodulation and TX encoding overhead from the SoC. The proposed OCCIA SoC in 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS achieves the lowest gain mismatch (0.43%) among recent multi-channel IAs with one of the smallest areas (0.019mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /ch.) while consuming 1.97μW/ch. and low crosstalk (<; -53.5dB) at 490Hz bandwidth.
Hydrothermal synthesis of Bi [sub] 2 Se [sub] 3 platelets (2018)

V prispevku je analiziran prvi cikel člankov Alme M. Karlin o potovanju v Južno Ameriko, ki so bili objavljeni v časopisu Cillier Zeitung od 15. februarja 1920 do 30. novembra 1921- V drugem delu članka so potopisni feljtoni Alme M. Karlin primerjani z besedili Zofke Kveder, ki pripadajo istemu žanru. Primerjava razkriva, da sta obe pisateljici dobro poznali lastnosti tega žanra, živost in komunikativnost besedil pa sta ustvarjali z vnašanjem leposlovnih pripovednih strategij v publicistično besedilo.
Fabrication Methods for Stretchable, Self-tuning Multi-element Liquid Metal Coil Arrays (LiquiTune) (2023)

We recently proposed a self-tuning stretchable receive coil concept in a single element. Here, we expand the technique to a multi-element array and compare 3 fabrication techniques: 1) single layer, 2) double layer, 3) direct ink writing (DIW). Numerical simulations are used to find the critical overlap for decoupling. In vitro experiments demonstrate almost identical sensitivity between the 3 techniques and between coil elements. DIW is most suitable due to its mechanical stability and thinner/less MR-visible coil elements with a frequency stability of 128+/-0.6 MHz (0 to 30% of stretch) and an SNR improvement of 50% over a commercial coil.
Kx: its relationship to chronic granulomatous disease and genetic linkage with Xg (1981)

The relationship between neutrophil function and the neutrophil antigen, Kx, as well as the linkage of the gene, Xk, with Xg was examined in a kindred with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. Four of the eight male siblings had chronic granulomatous disease by clinical history and tests of neutrophil function, and all four had Kx-negative neutrophils. The remaining four were in good health and had normal nitroblue tetrazolium reduction tests. However, one of these latter four had Kx-negative neutrophils that functioned normally. These data suggest that closely linked but distinct genes on the X chromosome code for chronic granulomatous disease and Kx. In addition, close linkage was demonstrated between Xk and Xg, a gene coding for an erythrocyte surface antigen.
Understanding Scientific Study via Process Modeling Article Type: New Results (2010)

This paper argues that scientific studies distinguish themselves from other studies by a combination of their processes, their (knowledge) elements and the roles of these elements. This is supported by constructing a process model. An illustrative example based on Newtonian mechanics shows how scientific knowledge is structured according to the process model. To distinguish scientific studies from research and scientific research, two additional process models are built for such processes. We apply these process models: (1) to argue that scientific progress should emphasize both the process of change and the content of change; (2) to chart the major stages of scientific study development; and (3) to define “science”.