gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Distinct roles for talin-1 and kindlin-3 in LFA-1 extension and affinity regulation. (2012)

In inflammation, neutrophils and other leukocytes roll along the microvascular endothelium before arresting and transmigrating into inflamed tissues. Arrest requires conformational activation of the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). Mutations of the FERMT3 gene encoding kindlin-3 underlie the human immune deficiency known as leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III. Both kindlin-3 and talin-1, another FERM domain-containing cytoskeletal protein, are required for integrin activation, but their individual roles in the induction of specific integrin conformers are unclear. Here, we induce differential LFA-1 activation in neutrophils through engagement of the selectin ligand P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 or the chemokine receptor CXCR2. We find that talin-1 is required for inducing LFA-1 extension, which corresponds to intermediate affinity and induces neutrophil slow rolling, whereas both talin-1 and kindlin-3 are required for induction of the high-affinity conformation of LFA-1 with an open headpiece, which results in neutrophil arrest. In vivo, both slow rolling and arrest are defective in talin-1-deficient neutrophils, whereas only arrest is defective in kindlin-3-deficient neutrophils. We conclude that talin-1 and kindlin-3 serve distinct functions in LFA-1 activation. PMID: 22431571 Funding information This work was supported by: NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 AI060536 NIBIB NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 EB002185 NHLBI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01 HL078784
Homologues of Insecticidal Toxin Complex Genes in Yersinia enterocolitica Biotype 1A and Their Contribution to Virulence (2005)

Yersinia enterocolitica is an enteric pathogen that consists of six biotypes: 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Strains of the latter five biotypes can carry a virulence plasmid, known as pYV, and several well-characterized chromosomally encoded virulence determinants. Y. enterocolitica strains of biotype 1A lack the virulence-associated markers of pYV-bearing strains and were once considered to be avirulent. There is growing epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence, however, to suggest that some biotype 1A strains are virulent and can cause gastrointestinal disease. To identify potential virulence genes of pathogenic strains of Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A, we used genomic subtractive hybridization to determine genetic differences between two biotype 1A strains: an environmental isolate, Y. enterocolitica IP2222, and a clinical isolate, Y. enterocolitica T83. Among the Y. enterocolitica T83-specific genes we identified were three, tcbA, tcaC, and tccC, that showed homology to the insecticidal toxin complex (TC) genes first discovered in Photorhabdus luminescens. The Y. enterocolitica T83 TC gene homologues were expressed by Y. enterocolitica T83 and were significantly more prevalent among clinical biotype 1A strains than other Yersinia isolates. Inactivation of the TC genes in Y. enterocolitica T83 resulted in mutants which were attenuated in the ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of perorally infected mice. These results indicate that products of the TC gene complex contribute to the virulence of some strains of Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A, possibly by facilitating their persistence in vivo.
P5A-1 A Method for Improved Standardization of In Vivo Calcaneal Time-Domain Speed-of-Sound Measurements (2007)

Clinical SOS measurements exhibit a high degree of inter-system variability. Calcaneal SOS is usually computed from time-of-flight measurements of broadband ultrasound pulses that propagate through the foot. In order to minimize the effects of multi-path interference, many investigators measure time-of-flight from markers near the leading edge of the pulse. The calcaneus is a highly attenuating, highly inhomogeneous bone that distorts propagating ultrasound pulses via frequency- dependent attenuation, reverberation, dispersion, multiple scattering, and refraction. This pulse distortion can produce errors in leading-edge transit-time marker based SOS measurements. In this paper, an equation to predict dependence of time-domain SOS measurements on system parameters (center frequency and bandwidth), transit-time marker location, and bone properties (attenuation coefficient and thickness) is validated with through-transmission measurements in a bone- mimicking phantom and in 73 women in vivo, using a clinical bone sonometer. In order to test the utility of the formula for suppressing system dependence of SOS measurements, a wideband laboratory data acquisition system was used to make a second set of through-transmission measurements on the phantom. The compensation formula reduced system-dependent leading-edge transit-time marker based SOS measurements in the phantom from 41 m/s to 5 m/s and reduced transit-time marker related SOS variability in 73 women from 40 m/s to 10 m/s. The compensation formula can be used to improve standardization in bone sonometry.
Innovative communication processors: A survey (1987)

Some existing innovative processors for execution of multilayer protocols are surveyed in order to identify performance limits and processor architectural trade-offs. The survey is restricted to packet or message handling processors with dedicated software and/or hardware. The processors are compared with respect to; performance, i.e. throughput and delay, to available protocols, and to implementation trade-offs, i.e. modularity, service access point accessibility, interface to host machine, dependability, implementation language, buffer handling, and context switch with state information. Of special interest are processors for protocols designed according to the OSI-model. One conclusion is that the implementation of buffer handling and context switch is crucial for the performance. The surveyed processors are divided into two categories; switches for X.25/ARPANET and controllers for Local Area Networks. The switches are often designed as multiprocessor systems, optimizing throughput, while the controllers often are designed with dedicated processors and chips, optimizing not only for throughput, but also for delay and for off-loading the host.
In vitro and in vivo growth characteristics of two different cell populations in an established line of human neuroblastoma. (1983)

Two distinct cell morphologies were appreciated and separated in a long-established culture line (CHP-100) of human neuroblastoma. Both cell types carried chromosomal markers characteristic of neuroblastoma cells and the parent line; in addition, separate karyotypic changes in each cell type established them as separate and enriched populations. A small, refractile cell, designated CHP-100-S, was present and formed numerous cytoplasmic processes. A distinctly larger cell, CHP-100-L, was less refractile and lacked processes. The two cell types exhibited marked differences in adhesive properties in vitro. CHP-100-L adhered tightly to the culture flask and required enzymatic treatment for removal; CHP-100-S adhered loosely and could be harvested into the medium by simply tapping the flask. These two harvesting procedures were used to obtain highly enriched populations of each cell type, both of which proved to be tumorigenic in the nude mouse. In vitro, no significant difference in growth rates was observed between CHP-100-S (doubling time, 26 hr) and CHP-100-L (21 hr). However, in the nude mice, following inoculation of equal cell numbers, CHP-100-L cells grew much larger tumors than did CHP-100-S cells (3- to 100-fold increases over 25 days). Local invasion was also noted more frequently with the CHP-100-L explants. Reculturing of the mouse explants showed that the distinct cell morphologies were maintained even after multiple passages. The presence of heterogeneous cell populations in single tumors is of much potential importance for the clinical and biological behavior of neoplasms. The present data establish cultured human neuroblastomas as one model for studies of cell heterogeneity and suggest potentially important ramifications for the different cell types observed in the growth patterns of this neoplasm.
7-[(Chlorocarbonyl)methoxy]-4-methylcoumarin: a novel fluorescent reagent for the precolumn derivatization of hydroxy compounds in liquid chromatography (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT7-[(Chlorocarbonyl)methoxy]-4-methylcoumarin: a novel fluorescent reagent for the precolumn derivatization of hydroxy compounds in liquid chromatographyKarl Erik. Karlsson, Donald. Wiesler, Mark. Alasandro, and Milos. NovotnyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 1, 229–234Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00279a053RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (692 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Chamber Walls Coatings During Patterning of Dielectric Damascene Structures With a Metallic Hard Mask: Consequences on Cleaning Strategies (2007)

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Ab initio calculations of the structures and energies of Ge(CH3)2 from tetramethylgermane in CVD (1998)

Ab initio calculations, at several levels of theory including density functional calculations, have been performed with a high level basis set for the two lowest energy states of Ge(CH3)2. The ground-state singlet configuration, at the B3PW91/“6-311G*” level of theory, is one in which the methyl hydrogen atoms are eclipsed. Similar calculations at the same level of theory, but using an effective core potential (ECP), do not predict the same geometry, indicating that the use of ECP basis sets should be avoided in organogermanium molecules. This is the first reported calculation of the configurations and energies of Ge(CH3)2 and is expected to be useful in the spectroscopic monitoring of CVD processes involving tetramethylgermane, a common precursor. Comparison is made to calculations for GeH2 performed at the same levels of theory. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 9:195–200, 1998
Modulation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase during neutrophilic and monocytic differentiation of promyelocytic (NB4) and myelocytic (HL-60) leukaemia cells (1995)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a nuclear enzyme which has been shown to play a role in the differentiation of haematopoietic cells. We report here that neutrophils are the first nucleated mammalian cell type demonstrated to be devoid of immunoreactive PARP. Both NB4 acute promyelocytic leukaemia and HL-60 (acute myelocytic leukaemia) cells were differentiated into non-malignant neutrophils with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Western blot analysis demonstrated that ATRA had no effect on PARP expression in HL-60 cells. However, PARP was completely down-regulated in NB4 cells within 36 h of treatment initiation. This decrease in PARP polypeptide coincided with growth arrest and preceded the appearance of neutrophilic differentiation features. NB4 cells require a combination of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to differentiate completely into monocyte/macrophages, whereas HL-60 cells can be made to differentiate by combined or single agents. PARP expression was up-regulated 90-fold when NB4 cells were treated with PMA and 1,25-D3 together, and this increase accompanied expression of the monocyte/macrophage phenotype. Only modest changes in PARP expression were observed when each agent was used alone in NB4 cells or when HL-60 cells were differentiated along the monocyte/macrophage pathway. In addition, PARP activity was modulated in a pattern similar to protein levels when NB4 cells were induced to differentiate along the neutrophilic and monocyte/macrophage pathways. This suggests that the activity of PARP may be controlled through regulation of protein levels during NB4 cell differentiation. We conclude that PARP levels are dramatically modulated during monocyte/macrophage and neutrophilic differentiation. On the basis of the tremendous changes in PARP polypeptide and total activity during myeloid differentiation, we propose that modulation of PARP gene expression is required for cellular maturation in both lineages.
Development and Analysis of Applicability of a Hybrid Transient Simulation Platform Combining TSA and EMT Elements (2012)

This paper considers the use of hybrid simulation combining electromagnetic transients (EMT) simulation and transient stability (TSA) simulation to model large networks. By comparing with a full detailed EMT simulation, the paper shows that the hybrid approach gives more accurate results than TSA simulation alone, when power electronic equipment is included in the EMT part of the model. The paper also considers line switching and faults in the TSA part of the model which were ignored in earlier approaches, and shows that the accuracy is a function of the electrical distance of the fault to the interface bus bars. A new method to improve this accuracy with the use of switchable frequency dependent network equivalents (FDNE) is also introduced.
Finding Stable Extremal Region Boundaries (2009)

This paper introduces a novel boundary detection framework finding the most stable region boundaries in grayscale images. In contrast to common detection algorithms as Canny, which only analyze local discontinuities in image brightness our method also integrates mid-level information by analyzing regions that support the local gradient magnitudes. We build a component tree where every node contains a single connected region obtained from thresholding the input image and edges define the spatial relations between the nodes. Then connected nodes at different levels in the tree are compared by a simplified chamfer matching method. Matching regions have boundaries that stay similar over several image intensities, and thus contribute as stable edges to the final result. Since the component tree can be calculated in linear time and chamfer matching between nodes in the component tree is reduced to an analysis of the distance transformation, results are obtained in a very efficient manner. Furthermore, the proposed detection algorithm automatically labels all identified boundaries during calculation avoiding the required post-processing of connecting and labeling edge responses for usage in a detection framework. We compare our method against standard Canny and the Berkeley edge detector on the ETHZ shape classes and the Weizmann horses dataset, which both demonstrate better performance in reducing clutter. 1
Dithiocarbamates effectively inhibit the α-carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2021)

Recently, inorganic anions and sulphonamides, two of the main classes of zinc-binding carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), were investigated for inhibition of the α-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, NgCA. As an extension to our previous studies, we report that dithiocarbamates (DTCs) derived from primary or secondary amines constitute a class of efficient inhibitors of NgCA. K<sub>I</sub>s ranging between 83.7 and 827 nM were measured for a series of 31 DTCs that incorporated various aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic scaffolds. A subset of DTCs were selected for antimicrobial testing against <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>, and three molecules displayed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values less than or equal to 8 µg/mL. As NgCA was recently validated as an antibacterial drug target, the DTCs may lead to development of novel antigonococcal agents.
Evaluation of bulk trap density of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (2002)

The bulk trap density of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum was evaluated by the differential method, and was found to be approximately 1016 cm−3 at the Fermi level of 0.45–0.60 eV below the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). This value increased with an increase in the Fermi energy. The activation energy of the current density changed with the applied voltage, i.e., traps of various energy levels contribute to conduction. The existence of a shallow trap at the Fermi level of 0.55 eV below the LUMO was confirmed.
Realisation of a DECT VCO circuit with MCM-D technology (1999)

Wireless radio applications such as DECT require highly integrated transceiver solutions. In particular, the integration of the RF front-end poses a great challenge in these applications, as traditional front-end implementations require a large number of components. As most of these components are passive devices and as the active devices are integrated on only a few chips, cost effective integration of those devices into the interconnection substrate is a very attractive approach. This paper presents the use of thin film MCM-D technology for the integration of a VCO circuit. The circuit itself contains a resonator, a negative resistance and an isolation amplifier stage, which are all integrated on the MCM glass substrate. In this approach, only 4 active devices (2 diodes and 2 bipolar transistors) have to be placed on the module; the 28 other passives (including inductors, capacitors and resistors) are fabricated within the glass substrate, using multilayer thin film techniques. The use of integrated passives also allows size reduction by a factor of five as compared to discrete realization of the same function.
Multi-Omics Approach in the Identification of Potential Therapeutic Biomolecule for COVID-19 (2021)

COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has a disastrous effect on mankind due to the contagious and rapid nature of its spread. Although vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been successfully developed, the proven, effective, and specific therapeutic molecules are yet to be identified for the treatment. The repurposing of existing drugs and recognition of new medicines are continuously in progress. Efforts are being made to single out plant-based novel therapeutic compounds. As a result, some of these biomolecules are in their testing phase. During these efforts, the whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 has given the direction to explore the omics systems and approaches to overcome this unprecedented health challenge globally. Genome, proteome, and metagenome sequence analyses have helped identify virus nature, thereby assisting in understanding the molecular mechanism, structural understanding, and disease propagation. The multi-omics approaches offer various tools and strategies for identifying potential therapeutic biomolecules for COVID-19 and exploring the plants producing biomolecules that can be used as biopharmaceutical products. This review explores the available multi-omics approaches and their scope to investigate the therapeutic promises of plant-based biomolecules in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Acyl Sulfonamides NaV1.7 Blockers Useful for the Treatment of Pain (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTAcyl Sulfonamides NaV1.7 Blockers Useful for the Treatment of PainBenjamin E. Blass*Benjamin E. BlassTemple University School of Pharmacy, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by Benjamin E. BlassCite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2018, 9, 3, 161–162Publication Date (Web):February 5, 2018Publication History Received22 January 2018Published online5 February 2018Published inissue 8 March 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00038https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00038editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1871Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (360 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Hydrogen,Neurophysiology,Sodium,Sulfones Get e-Alerts
KRIT1 association with the integrin-binding protein ICAP-1: a new direction in the elucidation of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM1) pathogenesis (2002)

Mutations in KRIT1, a protein initially identified based on a yeast two-hybrid interaction with the RAS-family GTPase RAP1A, are responsible for the development of the inherited vascular disorder cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM1). As the function of the KRIT1 protein and its role in CCM pathogenesis remain unknown, we performed yeast two-hybrid screens to identify additional protein binding partners. A fragment containing the N-terminal 272 amino acid residues of KRIT1, a region lacking similarity to any known protein upon database searches, was used as bait. From parallel screens of human fetal brain and HeLa cDNA libraries, we obtained multiple independent isolates of human integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein-1 (ICAP-1) as interacting clones. The interaction of KRIT1 and ICAP-1 was confirmed by GST-KRIT1 trapping of endogenous ICAP-1 from 293T cells. The alpha isoform of ICAP-1 is a 200 amino acid serine/threonine-rich phosphoprotein which binds the cytoplasmic tail of beta1 integrins. We show that mutagenesis of the N-terminal KRIT1 NPXY amino acid sequence, a motif critical for ICAP-1 binding to beta1 integrin molecules, completely abrogates the KRIT1/ICAP-1 interaction. The interaction between ICAP-1 and KRIT1, and the presence of a FERM domain in the latter, suggest that KRIT1 might be involved in the bidirectional signaling between integrin molecules and the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, these data suggest that KRIT1 might affect cell adhesion processes via integrin signaling in CCM1 pathogenesis.