gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal and mechanical cracking in bis(triisopropylsilylethnyl) pentacene thin films (2006)

Abstract Bis(triisopropylsilylethnyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) was synthesized to increase its solubility in common liquid solvents and, at the same time, enhance the π–π stacking between neighboring acenes in the crystallized state in comparison with unmodified pentacene. Hot‐stage microscopy experiments revealed that during heating voids develop along the long axis of the TIPS pentacene films {along the [210] direction/parallel to the ( 120 ) planes} and crystals overlap along the short axis {along the [ 120 ] direction/parallel to the (210) planes}. From molecular mechanics simulations, the predominant twin boundaries of ( 120 ) and commonly observed cracking planes of (120), ( 120 ), and (210) had relatively low surface energies in comparison with planes with similar Miller indices. Organic thin‐film transistors with TIPS pentacene as the active layer were fabricated, and the mobility values decreased from 0.4–1.0 cm 2 /V s before cracking to ∼0.2 cm 2 /V s after cracking. To maintain the high charge carrier mobility of TIPS pentacene devices, these cracks should be avoided. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 3631–3641, 2006
An Evaluation of the Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions to Increased Red River Flooding in the Caddo Parish Regions of Northwest Louisiana (2018)

Urban flooding is a challenge for many parts of the world, and Caddo Parish, Louisiana, is no exception. Caddo Parish, located in Northwestern Louisiana on the banks of the Red River, has been the subject of intense flooding for decades, issuing widespread devastation to many areas of the parish. As waters from rain events and upstream reservoirs deluged the Red River, countless individuals and communities were affected. In addition to damage and destruction of homes and personal belongings, sectors of the economy were also impacted, notably agriculture and industry. Rising waters jeopardized public infrastructure, affecting commerce throughout the parish, particularly waterway systems. This report, prepared by graduate students of the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&amp;M University, per request of the Caddo Parish Sheriff’s Office, outlines policy solutions to protect the individuals and communities of Caddo Parish from future flooding.
Multiple Targeting by the Antitumor Drug Tamoxifen: A Structure-Activity Study (2004)

Tamoxifen is a well-known antiestrogen used for the hormonotherapy of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. In addition to its high affinity binding to the estrogen receptor (ER), tamoxifen binds with comparable affinity to the microsomal antiestrogen binding site (AEBS), and inhibits with a micromolar efficiency, protein kinase C (PKC), calmodulin (CaM)-dependent enzymes and Acyl CoenzymeA: Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (ACAT). Each of these tamoxifen targets might explain the genomic as well as non-genomic effects of tamoxifen. In this review, we will report current knowledge about the structural features of tamoxifen involved in this multiple targeting. These data provide a useful guide for the conception of selective ligands of ERs, AEBS, PKC, CaM or ACAT based on the chemical structure of tamoxifen.
A procedure to design wide-band electromagnetically-coupled stacked microstrip antennas based on a simple network model (2003)

It is well known that microstrip patch antennas have a poor bandwidth due to the small spacing between the patch and the ground plane. A stacked patch configuration has been demonstrated experimentally as a feasible solution, but little information on the design procedure is available. Here, a systematic design procedure based on a single network model is shown.
Effect of age and blood pressure on determination of normal fluid status in a general population using whole body and calf bioimpedance techniques (2017)

Normal fluid status (dry weight) can be identified by hydration markers established in the healthy population. The general population average could be influenced by age with its accompanying physiological changes and/or illness. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the effect of age and systolic blood pressure (SBP) on these markers; (2) to compare mean values of hydration markers as assessed by different bioimpedance techniques. Subjects from the general population (n = 212, males 105, 57.1% White, 31.6% Black, and 11.3% others) were studied. Body weight, height and SBP were measured. Whole body and calf bioimpedance (Hydra 4200) methods were utilized with subjects in the supine position. Calf normalized resistivity (CNR), fluid overload (FO), extracellular (ECV) and intracellular (ICV) volume measurements ECV/total body water (TBW) were calculated. Subjects were stratified by age; young (Group1): 18-35 years; middle (Group2): 36-60 years, senior (Group3): 61-80 years. Body mass index (BMI), CNR, and ECV/TBW differed significantly between age groups, and genders. ECV and FO increased with age in males. Decreased CNR (indicating relative increased fluid load) (p < 0.001) and increased SBP (p < 0.001) were associated with age in all three groups. CNR in Group1 was the same as in 36.0% of subjects in Group2 and 12.5% of subjects in Group3. In those subjects in Group2 and Group3, with CNR levels comparable to Group1 subjects, SBP was lower than in their peers in each respective age group. In conclusion average CNR in Group1 represents the range of healthy subjects. Since CNR is correlated with age, subjects in Group2 and Group3 are more likely to have fluid overload. Although about a third of subjects in Group2 and Group3 were in the range of Group1, the age and associated factors should be considered when CNR is used to identify fluid status in senior patients.
Inhibition of antibody productionin vivoby pre-stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 before antigen priming is caused by defective B-cell priming and not impairment in antigen presentation (2012)

Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces not only innate but also adaptive immune responses, and has been suggested to exert adjuvant effects. Additional to such positive effects, pre-stimulation of TLR4 induces endotoxin tolerance where animals are unresponsive to subsequent lethal challenges with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We examined the effects of pre-stimulation of TLR4 using an agonistic anti-TLR4 mAb (UT12) on antibody production in vivo. Pre-injection of UT12 prior to both primary and secondary immunization completely inhibited antigen-specific antibody responses. Cellular analysis revealed that the inhibition was not due to impairment of T-cell activation. Accordingly, T-helper activities in UT12 pre-injected mice were not impaired. In contrast, B-cell priming was defective in UT12 pre-injected mice. The observation that the expression of activation markers such as CD69 and CD86 on B cells was blocked by UT12 pre-injection supports this. Interestingly, UT12 pre-injection only showed inhibitory effects at the primary and not the secondary immunization. These results provide important information concerning the regulatory mechanisms of antibody production, especially in endotoxin-tolerant states.
Analysis of practical scaling limits in nanoelectromechanical switches (2014)

The trend of miniaturization, along with modern microfabrication facilities, has led to the development of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) switches for use in low power and harsh environment applications. Dimensional scaling is attractive to improve integration density and operating voltage of NEMS devices. However, its effect on switch performance, leakage and dynamic power as well as practical limits on dimensional scaling are not well studied. Existing work in this area models the scaling trend and device performance based on parameters like voltage and dimensions. Although, most of them do not consider the effects of some nanoscale phenomena (surface forces, tunneling current) and leakage currents at G and D (off-state leakage), which can greatly affect circuit performance. This paper reports modeling and analysis of scaling effects and practical limits of scaling in cantilever-structured NEMS switches considering effects at nanoscale dimensions. It also analyzes the effects from a circuit level perspective, which corresponds to the end application of these NEMS structures. The goal of this paper is to establish a working range of dimensions and parameters which could result in reliable operating NEMS devices that can be incorporated into circuits.
Development of a Weight Supporting Orthosis Using Passive Pneumatic Elements (2003)

内部の空気圧を変化させることにより剛性および粘性を可変にできる空気圧受動要素を用いて, 人間の任意の下肢姿勢での体重支持が可能な装具を開発した。本発表では, この体重支持装具の開発とその応用について述べる。
Design of Supercapacitor Electrodes Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2018)

Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are advanced electrochemical devices for energy storage and have attracted strong interest due to their outstanding properties. Rational optimization of electrode-electrolyte interactions is of vital importance to enhance device performance for practical applications. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations could provide theoretical guidelines for the optimal design of electrodes and the improvement of capacitive performances, e.g., energy density and power density. Here we discuss recent MD simulation studies on energy storage performance of electrode materials containing porous to nanostructures. The energy storage properties are related to the electrode structures, including electrode geometry and electrode modifications. Altering electrode geometry, i.e., pore size and surface topography, can influence EDL capacitance. We critically examine different types of electrode modifications, such as altering the arrangement of carbon atoms, doping heteroatoms and defects, which can change the quantum capacitance. The enhancement of power density can be achieved by the intensified ion dynamics and shortened ion pathway. Rational control of the electrode morphology helps improve the ion dynamics by decreasing the ion diffusion pathway. Tuning the surface properties (e.g., the affinity between the electrode and the ions) can affect the ion-packing phenomena. Our critical analysis helps enhance the energy and power densities of EDLCs by modulating the corresponding electrode structures and surface properties.
Characteristics of polysilicon oxides combining N/sub 2/O nitridation and CMP processes (2000)

This paper present a high-quality polysilicon oxide combining N/sub 2/O nitridation and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) processes. Experimental results indicate that polyoxide grown on the CMP sample exhibits a lower leakage current, higher dielectric breakdown field, higher electron barrier height, less electron trapping rate, higher charge-to-breakdown (Q/sub bd/), and lower density of trapping charge than those of non-CMP samples. In addition, the CMP process enhances nitrogen incorporation at the interface by the N/sub 2/O nitridation, ultimately improving the polyoxide quality. However, the CMP process smooths the surface of polysilicon and this planar surface reduces the out-diffusion of the phosphorous during thermal oxidation.
HIV epitopes recognized by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (1991)

From the Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France and the *Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, Massachusetts, USA.
Advanced Filters and Components for Power Applications (2006)

Abstract : The objective of the research presented in this report is to improve the high frequency performance of power filters and components by better compensating the parasitic effects of practical components. A major application for this improvement is in design of low pass filters for power electronics, although some other applications are also explored. In power electronics, the input and output filters are the dominant consideration in limiting electromagnetic interference and susceptibility, and typically represent a major contribution to the weight, volume and price of the whole system. The usual methods of improving the high frequency performance of the filters include using more filter stages and additional components. These methods can add significant size and cost to the system. This report describes new design techniques by which the undesirable effects of filter parasitics can be greatly reduced. These techniques provide an order of magnitude or more improvement in performance of typical filter components. This enables the development of filters with much better high frequency attenuation, and the reduction of filter size and cost at a constant performance level. In filtering and other applications, the ability to reduce the effect of parasitic elements also enables many higher-frequency designs. In this report, two techniques are presented that can be used to reduce the effects of parasitic inductance and capacitance. One technique, termed inductance cancellation, is used to reduce the effect of parasitic inductance in a path of interest. The other technique, capacitance cancellation, reduces the effect of a parasitic capacitance across an inductor. These techniques, enable major improvements in many filtering applications. Extensive experimental results and example applications are presented that demonstrate the feasibility and high performance of the techniques developed here.
Salicylihalamide A Inhibits the V0 Sector of the V-ATPase through a Mechanism Distinct from Bafilomycin A1 (2004)

The newly identified specific V-ATPase inhibitor, salicylihalamide A, is distinct from any previously identified V-ATPase inhibitors in that it inhibits only mammalian V-ATPases, but not those from yeast or other fungi (Boyd, M. R., Farina, C., Belfiore, P., Gagliardi, S., Kim, J. W., Hayakawa, Y., Beutler, J. A., McKee, T. C., Bowman, B. J., and Bowman, E. J. (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 297, 114-120). In addition, salicylihalamide A does not compete with concanamycin or bafilomycin for binding to V-ATPase, indicating that it has a different binding site from those classic V-ATPase inhibitors (Huss, M., Ingenhorst, G., Konig, S., Gassel, M., Drose, S., Zeeck, A., Altendorf, K., and Wieczorek, H. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 40544-40548). By using purified bovine brain V-pump and its dissociated V(1) and V(0) sectors, we identified the recognition and binding site for salicylihalamide to be within the V(0) domain. Salicylihalamide does not inhibit the ATP hydrolysis activity of the dissociated V(1)-ATPase but inhibits the ATPase activity of the holoenzyme by inhibiting the V(0) domain. Salicylihalamide causes a dramatic redistribution of cytosolic V(1) from soluble to membrane-associated form, a change not observed in cells treated with either bafilomycin or NH(4)Cl. By synthesizing and characterizing a series of salicylihalamide derivatives, we investigated the structural determinants of salicylihalamide inhibition in terms of potency and reversibility, and used this information to suggest a possible binding mechanism.
Climate Smart Dry Chain for Food and Nutrition Security in Nepal (2021)

Global efforts to feed the burgeoning population have focused on increasingfood production and access. In the meantime, FAO estimates about 1/3 foodloss in the developing countries. To minimize these losses, grain storagetechniques were investigated in an earthquake hit village in Kavre district ofNepal. Pesticide free moisture proof/airtight food storage bags were providedto 1,055 households using financial s upport f rom U NICEF-Nepal. Thirty-three households were identified w ho c ould s tore f ood g rains f or 6-monthfor this study. Maize and rice grains were stored in porous and in moisture-proof hermetic bags. Food grain samples were collected at the beginning andat 6-month and were analyzed for physical quality parameters, nutrients andmycotoxins. About 92% insect damage occurred in maize stored in porousbags which was prevented in triple layer hermetic Purdue Improved CowpeaStorage (PICS) bags. Insect damage in paddy remained low within 10% inboth treatments. Major maize nutrient loss occurred through insect damage.The traditional practice was to use insect and mold infested maize as feed.Mycotoxins results showed that toxigenic molds develop in open storage
Monitoring of vapor phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2023)

An apparatus for monitoring vapor phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a high-temperature environment has an excitation source producing electromagnetic radiation, an optical path having an optical probe optically communicating the electromagnetic radiation received at a proximal end to a distal end, a spectrometer or polychromator, a detector, and a positioner coupled to the first optical path. The positioner can slidably move the distal end of the optical probe to maintain the distal end position with respect to an area of a material undergoing combustion. The emitted wavelength can be directed to a detector in a single optical probe 180.degree. backscattered configuration, in a dual optical probe 180.degree. backscattered configuration or in a dual optical probe 90.degree. side scattered configuration. The apparatus can be used to monitor an emitted wavelength of energy from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as it fluoresces in a high temperature environment.
Effect of Cu Doping on Photoluminescence and Scintillation Properties of (C6H5C2H4NH3)2PbBr4 (2022)

The photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties of (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 Pb 1-x Cu x Br 4 (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5) single crystals prepared by the poor-solvent diffusion method were evaluated. In the PL profiles, free-and bound-exciton luminescence peaks at 410 and 440 nm were observed, respectively. The PL quantum yields (QYs) of the x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 samples were 20.0, 19.3, 18.4, and 16.7% with 2% errors, respectively. In the scintillation profiles, a bound-exciton luminescence peak was observed at 440 nm. Under -ray exposure with 137 Cs, a photoabsorption peak was observed in all the samples, and the scintillation light yields of the x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 samples were estimated to be ~12000, ~11000, ~10000, and ~9700 ph/MeV with 10% errors, respectively.
Synthesis and preliminary in vivo evaluations of polyurethane microstructures for transdermal drug delivery (2012)

The research revealed the reduced noxiousness of this type of microstructures and consequently the possibility of their use for therapeutic purposes.
Suitability of two-dimensional electrophoretic protein separations for quantitative detection of mutations (1986)

Separation of proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) provides a powerful method for mutagenesis studies, since hundreds of proteins can be monitored simultaneously. In previous mutation studies in which 2DE has been used, only qualitative protein differences were monitored; quantitative protein variations were not evaluated. Although significant differences in protein abundance can be detected by eye, the large number of protein spots present in 2DE patterns together with the large number of individual patterns required for a mutagenesis study would necessitate the use of a computerized analysis system to detect the rare quantitative protein changes indicative of gene deletions or inactivation of genes by point mutations in regulatory genes. A pilot study to search for heritable mutations induced by treatment of mice with either ethylnitrosourea or gamma radiation is underway. Samples are being monitored for quantitative changes that reduce the amount of protein by about 50%. The results of this study indicate that the key methods to improve the application of 2DE to mutation screening are to increase the number of measurable spots (i.e., improve stain sensitivity) and to decrease the spread of values for the volume measurements. Even small improvements in these areas could greatly increase the number of monitorable spots. 9 refs., 4 figs.
625 Development of Tendon-Driven Wrist and Application to Robot Hand (2009)

Recently, various robot hands have been developed. By the last year, we developed the multi finger robot hand using small pneumatic actuators. In this research, we developed a slender tendon-driven wrist using a wire drive and two small motors to expand its motion space and to perform many operations. First, we identify the characteristics of the wrist and construct a control system. We tried to control the movements of the wrist using PID and fuzzy control system and verify its control performance. In addition, we conducted the experiment that controls two different movements at the same time.
Manuel du HCB pour l’utilisation confinee d’organismes genetiquement modifies (2014)

Livret Guide Livret Guide<br/>Ce manuel, supervisé par le comité scientifique du HCB, est la deuxième version d’un texte d’aide à la déclaration de l’usage d’OGM dans un environnement confiné.
A Practical Synthesis of Rosefuran. Furans from Acetylenes and Allyl Alcohols (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Practical Synthesis of Rosefuran. Furans from Acetylenes and Allyl AlcoholsBarry M. Trost and John A. FlygareCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 5, 1078–1082Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00084a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00084a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views606Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Distributed design of deterministic discrete-time privacy preserving average consensus for multi-agent systems through network augmentation (2021)

Average consensus protocols emerge with a central role in distributed systems and decision-making such as distributed information fusion, distributed optimization, distributed estimation, and control. A key advantage of these protocols is that agents exchange and reveal their state information only to their neighbors. Yet, it can raise privacy concerns in situations where the agents' states contain sensitive information. In this paper, we propose a novel (noiseless) privacy preserving distributed algorithms for multi-agent systems to reach an average consensus. The main idea of the algorithms is that each agent runs a (small) network with a crafted structure and dynamics to form a network of networks (i.e., the connection between the newly created networks and their interconnections respecting the initial network connections). Together with a re-weighting of the dynamic parameters dictating the inter-agent dynamics and the initial states, we show that it is possible to ensure that the value of each node converges to the consensus value of the original network. Furthermore, we show that, under mild assumptions, it is possible to craft the dynamics such that the design can be achieved in a distributed fashion. Finally, we illustrate the proposed algorithm with examples.