gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aldol-equivalent elaboration of sterically hindered ketiones: methallylmagnesium chloride as a synthon for acetone enolate (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAldol-equivalent elaboration of sterically hindered ketiones: methallylmagnesium chloride as a synthon for acetone enolateWilliam H. Bunnelle, Moira A. Rafferty, and Stephen L. HodgesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 8, 1603–1605Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00384a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00384a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views548Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Area Spectral Efficiency and Coverage for Mixed Duplexing Networks with\n Directional Transmissions (2017)

In this paper, we consider a system of small cells assuming full duplex (FD)\ncapable base stations (BSs) and half duplex (HD) user equipment (UEs). We\ninvestigate a mixed duplexing cellular system composed of FD and HD cells, when\nBSs are using directional transmissions. A stochastic geometry based model of\nthe proposed system is used to derive the coverage and area spectral efficiency\n(ASE) of both BSs and UEs. The effect of FD cells on the performance of the\nmixed system is presented under different degree of directionality at the BSs.\nWe show that enabling directional transmissions at the BSs yields significant\nASE and coverage gain in both downlink and uplink directions. With directional\ntransmissions, the ASE increases rapidly with the number of FD cells while the\ndrop in the coverage rate due to FD operations reduces significantly.\n
Widely tunable singlemode surface micro-machined MEMS-VCSELs operating at 1.95-μm (2013)

We present surface micro-machined micro-electro mechanical-system (MEMS) tunable vertical-cavity surfaceemitting lasers (VCSEL) with rectangular and triangular shaped quantum wells (QWs) emitting around 1:95 &mu;m predestined for broadband tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The VCSELs show single-mode operation and high side-mode suppression-ratio SMSR &lt; 50 dB within the whole tuning range of 50nm and 35 nm, the fibre-coupled optical power of 1:0mW and 1:76mW and the threshold current of 2:5mA and 2:0mA for the rectangular and triangular shaped QWs respectively. The 3 dB modulation frequency of the MEMS is 110 Hz.
Phase behaviour and thermodynamics: general discussion (2017)

Agílio Pádua opened the discussion of the introductory lecture by Doug MacFarlane: Why are phosphonium/phosphate ionic liquids such good lubricants? I understand they tend to form ion pairs in the bulk liquids because both cation and anion contain a charged center surrounded by long alkyl chain
Queueing and Traffic in Cellular Radio (1986)

A Cellular Radio system is analyzed from the communications traffic point of view. A cell within a given system is modeled by a multi-server service facility with or without the possibility of queueing some type of customers. Two types of arrivals are distinguished, corresponding to handoff calls (calls already in progress that enter the cell) and originating calls (calls initiated inside the cell). The queueing system used assumes Poisson distributed arrivals with different rates for the two types of customers. We initially assume, as is usually done for telephone communications, an exponential distribution for the service times of the customers. Due to mobility of the subscribers that can travel through several cells in the system, the channel occupancy time is in general different from the total call duration. Using both a simulation of a cellular system and an analytic model we offer evidence that a memory-less distribution may not be too unrealistic for the channel occupancy time. We derive some traffic policies that give a higher level of protection to handoff calls, and their influence on the other class of customers as well as on the overall traffic is analyzed. The first policies proposed have the advantage of simplicity and provide an efficient way of reducing the blocking probability of handoff calls while only slightly increasing the blocking probability of originating calls. The price paid is, however, a small decrease in the total carried traffic. Some more evolved traffic policies are then introduced that still decrease the blocking probability of handoff calls without much penalizing originating calls whose access to the system will only be slightly delayed. These more evolved policies provide the additional advantage of increasing the total carried traffic, while still providing a higher level of protection to handoff calls.
Synthesis and Polymerization of Allyl Monomers Containing Pyrrole Ring (1973)

ピロール核を含む2種類の新規アリルモノマー,すなわち,3-(2-ピロリルメチレンイミノ)プロペン-1(PIP)および2-ジアリルアミノメチルピロール(DAMP)を合成し,その共重合性を検討した。アクリロニトリル(AN)との共重合の結果はつぎのようになる。DAMP-フマロニトリル(FN)系の重合速度の極大(Rp(max))は,DAMP低濃度側に出現するが,これはアリル基の退化的連鎖移動に原因する。またDAMPがジアリルモノマーであるため,共重合体組成はDAMP/FN=1/2となる。PIP-FN系のRp(max)はPIP高濃度側に出現する。共重合体のIRスペクトルにおいて,アリル基の吸収(δcH 990,910cmn-1)が残存し,アゾメチン基の吸収(Vc=n 1640cm-1)が減少していることから,これはアリル基のほかにアゾメチン基も生長ラジカルとして重合に関与するためである。
Bone maturation and resorption by peritoneal macrophages in noninsulin-dependent streptozocin-induced diabetes in the rat. (1992)

The existence of osteopenia in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is controversial. In this regard rats with a diabetic condition that simulates NIDDM have normal bone mineral content. However, normal total mineral content in bones does not preclude abnormalities in more delicate functions in bones of rats with NIDDM (specifically, bone maturation and response of bone matrix to resorptive activity). To evaluate these functions, bone maturation was studied in tibias from 14-week old male and female rats with streptozocin-induced NIDDM and controls. The ability of macrophages to resorb bone was studied in bone particles that were obtained from femors of male rats with NIDDM and controls. The diabetic rats had the overt NIDDM condition for 8 weeks at the time of the study. We found that bone maturation/mineralization remained intact in the diabetic rats and that response of the bone particles that were obtained from their femors to the resorptive activity of macrophages was similar to that of the bone particles that were obtained from controls. These data suggest that in the rat, a diabetic condition that simulates NIDDM does not alter the physiologic functions of the bone matrix.
Induction of gene expression by IL-1 in NIH 3T3 cells. Possible requirement of protein kinase C activity and independence from arachidonic acid metabolism. (1990)

NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were transfected with the chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase (CAT) gene under the control of the SV40 early promoter, which can be stimulated by IL-1. CAT activity in cell lysates and PGE2 release in the supernatants were measured in control and stimulated cell cultures in parallel. Human IL-1 beta (180 pM) and human rTNF-alpha (3 nM) significantly stimulated both CAT activity and PGE2 release. The combined incubation of the two cytokines resulted in a synergistic effect on PGE2 release. The addition of AA (30 microM) greatly stimulated PGE2 release without affecting CAT activity. Similarly, drugs interfering with AA metabolism were without effect on CAT activity although profoundly reducing PGE2 release. Forskolin (0.1 microM) did not modify either parameter. The glucocorticoid fluocinolone (20 nM) was able to decrease both parameters. Protein kinase inhibitors H7 (5-50 microM) and sphingosine (50 microM) inhibited only IL-1-induced CAT activity, whereas H8 (5-50 microM) and HA1004 (50 microM) were ineffective on both parameters. PMA (0.5 microM) and R59 022, a diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor (10 microM), did not modify either control or IL-1-induced CAT activity. IL-1-stimulated PGE2 release was potentiated by PMA, although this effect was not inhibited by H7. The data suggest that: 1) in NIH 3T3 cells the activation of AA metabolism by IL-1 is not involved in IL-1-induced gene expression; 2) protein kinase C activity is required but not sufficient for IL-1-induced gene expression; and 3) PMA may stimulate AA metabolism by a mechanism in part independent of protein kinase activity.
The lung microbiome in end-stage Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2021)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive cystic lung disease with mortality driven primarily by respiratory failure. Patients with LAM frequently have respiratory infections, suggestive of a dysregulated microbiome. Here we demonstrate that end-stage LAM patients have a distinct microbiome signature compared to patients with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Analysis of scratch-pad and data-cache performance using statistical methods (2006)

An effectively designed and efficiently used memory hierarchy, composed of scratch-pads or cache, is seen today as the key to obtaining energy and performance gains in data-dominated embedded applications. However, an unsolved problem is - how to make the right choice between the scratch-pad and the data-cache for different class of applications? Recent studies show that applications with regular and manifest data access patterns (e.g. matrix multiplication) perform better on the scratch-pad compared to the cache. In the case of dynamic applications with irregular and non-manifest access patterns, it is however commonly and intuitively believed that the cache would perform better. In this paper, we show by theoretical analysis and empirical results that this intuition can sometimes be misleading. When access-probabilities remain fixed, we prove that the scratch-pad, with an optimal mapping, has always outperform the cache. We also demonstrate how to map dynamic applications efficiently to scratch-pad or cache and additionally, how to accurately predict the performance.
Measurement of Recombination Lifetimes in Gesn Alloys (2015)

Silicon photonics requires the development of Si-based lasers, modulators, waveguides, and detectors operating in the infrared beyond the band gap of silicon. A number of approaches to solving this problem have been pursued, including epitaxial growth of lower band gap materials on Si. The SiGe alloy system was explored for many years, but limitations in quality due the large lattice mismatch between Si and SiGe with high amounts of Ge, as well as the band gap (0.66 eV at its lowest for pure Ge) and its indirect nature, have prevented its widespread use. Integration of III-V materials such as InGaAs has also been tried extensively, but the problems of phase segregation and film quality have not been overcome. The GeSn alloy system has been gaining attention in the photonics world due to its unique optical properties, and the growth of these alloys on Si platforms has jumpstarted efforts to employ this technology for the fabrication of CMOS-compatible infrared optoelectronics. These crystalline alloy films are grown directly on Si or Ge-buffered Si, have band gaps below that of Si or Ge, and are grown to thicknesses of up to 1 µm. Additionally, the band gap of GeSn should be direct for concentrations greater than about 10% Sn. Much work has been done on the development of GeSn materials, and theoretical designs for lasers based on these alloys have been appearing in the literature frequently. However, the realization of complex optoelectronic devices like laser diodes requires materials with long recombination lifetimes to achieve population inversion. Thus, the study of recombination lifetimes in GeSn alloys is of paramount importance to the actualization of GeSn lasers. Unfortunately, the standard method of time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) is not well-suited to the study of GeSn alloys. For low Sn contents (&lt;10% Sn), the band gap is indirect, so the intensity of optical emission is not high. Such a measurement would require single photon counting, but single photon detectors are not available at the emission wavelengths for the materials of interest. Conductivity-based methods should be more suitable, but the standard techniques of microwave photoconductive decay (µ-PCD) and RF-coupled photoconductive decay (RFPCD) suffer from low sensitivity in thin films or low temporal resolution. In this work, we employ a new conductivity-based method for measurement of recombination lifetimes in thin film GeSn alloys. The method of transmission-modulated photoconductive decay (TMPCD) uses the transverse transmission of microwaves through a thin film, allowing for a very large interaction volume between the free carriers and the microwaves, thereby increasing the sensitivity for thin film materials. We will discuss this new method and show preliminary results on GeSn films with up to 7% Sn.
Dual-Polarization Bandwidth-Bridged On-Chip Bandpass Sampling Fourier Transform Spectrometer from Visible to Near-Infrared (2021)

The on-chip broadband optical spectrometers which cover the entire tissue transparency window (λ=650-1050 nm) with high resolution are highly demanded for the miniaturized bio-sensing and bio-imaging applications. Here, we propose a novel type of spatial heterodyne Fourier transform spectrometer (SHFTS) integrated with a sub-wavelength grating coupler (SWGC) for the dual-polarization bandpass sampling on the Si3N4 platform. Through tuning the coupling angles with different polarization, we experimentally demonstrated the unprecedented broadband spectrum retrieval results with the overall bandwidth coverage of 400 nm, bridging the wavelengths from 650 nm to 1050 nm, with the resolution of 2-5 nm. By applying the bandpass sampling theorem, we circumvented the intrinsic trade-off limitation between the bandwidth and resolution of SHFTS without having an outrageous number of Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) arrays or adding additional active components. The bandpass sampling SHFTS is designed to have linearly unbalanced 32 MZIs with the maximum optical path length difference of 93 μm within an overall footprint size of 4.7 mm x 0.65 mm, and the coupling angles of SWGC are varied from 0° to 32° to cover the entire tissue transparency window.
AZD1152: A highly potent and specific aurora kinase inhibitor. (2006)

5673 Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that participate in several stages of mitosis including chromosomal segregation and cytokinesis. Aurora A and B kinases are frequently elevated in human cancers making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Here we describe the preclinical development of AZD1152, a specific Aurora kinase inhibitor. AZD1152 is an acetanilide substituted pyrazole-aminoquinazoline dihydrogen phosphate pro-drug with striking solubility (>10 mg/ml) in simple pH-adjusted aqueous vehicles making it suitable for parental administration. AZD1152 is completely converted in human plasma to the active moiety, AZD1152 hydroxy-QPA (HQPA), a reversible ATP-competitive inhibitor with potent activity against Aurora A, B-INCENP and C-INCENP (Ki: 1369 ± 419.2 nM, 0.359 ± 0.386 nM, 17.03 ± 12.2 nM, respectively). AZD1152 HQPA displays high specificity vs 50 additional serine-threonine and tyrosine kinases. Human tumor cell lines (colon, lung, breast, cervical) treated with AZD1152 revealed phenotypes consistent with Aurora B kinase inhibition; phosphorylation of the Aurora B substrate histone H3 at serine 10 (ph-H3-ser10) was completely suppressed (IC50 5.4 –35.0 nM). These treated tumor cells do not arrest in mitosis or exhibit delayed cell cycle progression; rather they progress with normal kinetics through aberrant mitoses, characterized by improper chromosome alignment and segregation. The cells fail to divide, becoming polyploid with reduced viability and increased apoptosis. AZD1152 HQPA has desirable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties in a range of preclinical models, characterized by dose-dependent exposure. In athymic nude mice bearing a range of human tumor xenografts, AZD1152 (iv bolus or subcutaneous mini-pump) reduced ph-H3-ser10, increased the proportion of cells with polyploid DNA (≥8N), and enhanced apoptosis. AZD1152 significantly inhibited tumor growth in human colon (SW620, HCT116, Colo205) and lung (A549, Calu-6) tumor xenografts (mean tumor inhibition range: 69% to ≥100%; p
Paracatalytic self‐inactivation of fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate aldolase (1993)

Oxidation of enzyme-substrate carbanion intermediates by extrinsic oxidants may result in irreversible paracatalytic inactivation of certain enzymes. In paracatalytically modified fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase from rabbit muscle the polypeptide chain had been found to be crosslinked at active-site Lys229 (Schiff base forming with substrate) and Lys146 by a phosphorylated three-carbon moiety [Lubini, D. G. E. and Christen, P. (1979) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 76, 2527-2531]. In the present study, the structure of this crosslink was elucidated by instrumental analysis. Aldolase was paracatalytically modified in the presence of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and hexacyanoferrate(III). The completely inactivated enzyme was digested with pronase. The crosslinked peptide was isolated by gel filtration and reverse-phase HPLC. Mass spectroscopy, 1H- and 13C-NMR showed that a derivative of dihydroxyacetone phosphate forms an amidine with the epsilon-amino groups of the two lysine residues: [formula: see text]
Luminescent solar concentrators and related methods of manufacturing (2023)

Luminescent solar concentrators in accordance with various embodiments of the invention can be designed to minimize photon thermalization losses and incomplete light trapping using various components and techniques. Cadmium selenide core, cadmium sulfide shell (CdSe/CdS) quantum dot (“QD”) technology can be implemented in such devices to allow for near-unity QDs and sufficiently large Stokes shifts. Many embodiments of the invention include a luminescent solar concentrator that incorporates CdSe/CdS quantum dot luminophores. In further embodiments, anisotropic luminophore emission can be implemented through metasurface/plasmonic antenna coupling. In several embodiments, red-shifted luminophores are implemented. Additionally, top and bottom spectrally-selective filters, such as but not limited to selectively-reflective metasurface mirrors and polymeric stack filters, can be implemented to enhance the photon collection efficiency. In some embodiments, luminescent solar concentrator component is optically connected in tandem with a planar Si subcell, forming a micro-optical tandem luminescent solar concentrator.
Millennia‐old coral holobiont DNA provides insight into future adaptive trajectories (2022)

Ancient DNA (aDNA) has been applied to evolutionary questions across a wide variety of taxa. Here, for the first time, we utilized aDNA from millennia-old fossil coral fragments to gain new insights into a rapidly declining western Atlantic reef ecosystem. We sampled four Acropora palmata fragments (dated 4215 BCE to 1099 CE) obtained from two Florida Keys reef cores. From these samples, we established that it is possible both to sequence aDNA from reef cores and place the data in the context of modern-day genetic variation. We recovered varying amounts of nuclear DNA exhibiting the characteristic signatures of aDNA from the A. palmata fragments. To describe the holobiont sensu lato, which plays a crucial role in reef health, we utilized metagenome-assembled genomes as a reference to identify a large additional proportion of ancient microbial DNA from the samples. The samples shared many common microbes with modern-day coral holobionts from the same region, suggesting remarkable holobiont stability over time. Despite efforts, we were unable to recover ancient Symbiodiniaceae reads from the samples. Comparing the ancient A. palmata data to whole-genome sequencing data from living acroporids, we found that while slightly distinct, ancient samples were most closely related to individuals of their own species. Together, these results provide a proof-of-principle showing that it is possible to carry out direct analysis of coral holobiont change over time, which lays a foundation for studying the impacts of environmental stress and evolutionary constraints.
Emergence and Global Dissemination of Host-Specific Streptococcus agalactiae Clones (2010)

To examine the global diversity of Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci [GBS]) and to elucidate the evolutionary processes that determine its population genetics structure and the reported changes in host tropism and infection epidemiology, we examined a collection of 238 bovine and human isolates from nine countries on five continents. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of 15 housekeeping genes combined with patterns of virulence-associated traits identified a genetically heterogeneous core population from which virulent lineages occasionally emerge as a result of recombination affecting major segments of the genome. Such lineages, like clonal complex 17 (CC17) and two distinct clusters of CC23, are exclusively adapted to either humans or cattle and successfully spread globally. The recent emergence and expansion of the human-associated and highly virulent sequence type 17 (ST17) could conceivably account, in part, for the increased prevalence of neonatal GBS infections after 1960. The composite structure of the S. agalactiae genome invalidates phylogenetic inferences exclusively based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data and thereby the previously reported conclusion that the human-associated CC17 emerged from the bovine-associated CC67.
Performance of cell-to-cell interference mitigation in 1y-nm MLC flash memory (2015)

A cell-to-cell interference (CCI) cancellation algorithm is evaluated using experimental data from a 1y-nm MLC flash memory device. The resulting endurance improvement is quantified for the different types of page within the flash block and an error analysis is performed. Various simplifications of the algorithm are considered to achieve low read latency without sacrificing error-rate reduction.
Molecular Recognition by Novel Macrotetracyclic Cyclophanes Having Dipeptide Segments (1998)

Abstract Novel macrotetracyclic cyclophanes, which are constructed with four cyclophane units having eight dipeptide moieties, have been prepared and characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The guest-binding behavior of the host toward water-soluble porphyrines was examined by electronic spectroscopy.
Faisceau annulaire réfracté d'une fibre usinée chimiquement. Contrôle de la polarisation radiale (2009)

International audience
WSN: High frequency noise in advanced silicon-based devices: from basics to state-of-the-art device and circuit performance (2005)

Provides an abstract of the workshop presentation and a brief professional biography of the presenter. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.