gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
REAL-TIME GEOMETRY-BASED FEEDBACK FOR DESIGN ENGINEERS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF MANUFACTURING (2019)

In this dissertation study, the concept of an energy shadow, which represents all the work done by the interacting systems back to the earth-based inputs needed to produce a product, is used as a metric to investigate the development of a real-time, geometry-based software tool to assist design engineers in evaluating the environmental impact of manufacturing. A literature review of the energy metrics of consumed energy, exergy, and emergy was conducted to evaluate which may best serve as the thermodynamic framework for representing an energy shadow. Following the comparison and evaluation of the possible metrics emergy was selected as it best covers the entire energy shadow of a product. The framework was developed for manufacturing using emergy accounting as an analog to cost. Modular emergy models were generated as analogues to the major manufacturing cost accounting areas, and the framework was applied to an example assembly using data from a design for manufacturing (DFM) cost analysis as input. This framework greatly expanded the detail and coverage of existing emergy models regarding manufacturing areas. The models in the framework were implemented as a prototype extension in a commercially available manufacturing costing software that provides cost estimates based on 3D CAD files. Sensitivity analyses of the model were conducted based on changing input values for emergy and varying the CAD geometry, which identified areas for model refinement and characterized the influence of the design parameters. The software extension was tested with a group of 19 engineering students including both graduates and undergraduates to understand if the use of emergy as a sustainability metric enabled better ranking of a set of design alternatives. It was found that performance on the ranking exercise improved in a statistically significant manner after exposure to the concept of emergy and the software extension. The participants were able to constructively provide feedback for further improvement on the best designs, despite limited exposure to the newly introduced concept of emergy.
Dynamic Control of Centrifugal Compressor Surge Using Tailored Structures (1990)

A new method for dynamic control of centrifugal compressor surge is presented. The approach taken is to suppress surge by modifying the compression system dynamic behavior using structural feedback. More specifically, one wall of a downstream volume, or plenum, is constructed so to move in response to small perturbations in pressure. This structural motion provides a means for absorbing the unsteady energy perturbations produced by the compressor, thus extending the stable operating range of the compression system. In the paper, a lumped parameter analysis is carried out to define the coupled aerodynamic and structural system behavior and the potential for stabilization. First-of-a-kind experiments are then carried out to examine the conclusions of the analysis. As predicted by the model and demonstrated with experiment, a moveable plenum wall lowered the mass flow at which surge occurred in a centrifugal compression system by roughly 25% for a large range of operating conditions. In addition, because the tailored dynamics of the structure acts to suppress instabilities in their initial stages, this control was achieved with relatively little power being dissipated by the moveable wall system, and with no noticeable decrease in steady state performance. Although designed on the basis of linear system considerations, the structural control is shown to be capable of suppressing existing large amplitude limit cycle surge oscillations.
Why Vasculitis Probably can be Ameliorated with Magnesium and Antagonists of Ceramides and Platelet-Activating Factor (2019)

Vasculitis is characterized as an inflammatory disease of the body’s small blood vessels, particularly in the lungs and kidneys [1-4]. Many other organ regions are usually affected which often induces morbidity and mortality [1-4].
COPII-dependent export of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator from the ER uses a di-acidic exit code (2004)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a childhood hereditary disease in which the most common mutant form of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) DeltaF508 fails to exit the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Export of wild-type CFTR from the ER requires the coat complex II (COPII) machinery, as it is sensitive to Sar1 mutants that disrupt normal coat assembly and disassembly. In contrast, COPII is not used to deliver CFTR to ER-associated degradation. We find that exit of wild-type CFTR from the ER is blocked by mutation of a consensus di-acidic ER exit motif present in the first nucleotide binding domain. Mutation of the code disrupts interaction with the COPII coat selection complex Sec23/Sec24. We propose that the di-acidic exit code plays a key role in linking CFTR to the COPII coat machinery and is the primary defect responsible for CF in DeltaF508-expressing patients.
The price of selfishness in network coding (2009)

We introduce a game theoretic framework for studying a restricted form of network coding in a general wireless network. The network is fixed and known, and the system performance is measured as the number of wireless transmissions required to meet n unicast demands. Game theory is here employed as a tool for improving distributed network coding solutions. We propose a framework that allows each unicast session to independently adjust his routing decision in response to local information. Specifically, we model the interactions of the unicast sessions as a noncooperative game. This approach involves designing both local cost functions and decision rules for the unicast sessions so that the resulting collective behavior achieves a desirable system performance in a shared network environment. We propose a family of cost functions and compare the performance of the resulting distributed algorithms to the best performance that could be found and implemented using a centralized controller. We focus on the performance of stable solutions - where stability here refers to a form of Nash equilibrium defined below. Results include bounds on the bestand worst-case stable solutions as compared to the optimal centralized solution. Results in learning in games prove that the best-case stable solution can be learned by self-interested players with probability approaching 1.
Alkylation of the dimethylglyoximato ligands in reduced cobaloxime (1976)

Cobalt(II) cobaloximes can undergo atom transfer reactions with certain alkyl halides to give the corresponding alkyl cobalt(III) cobaloximes. However, in the presence of powerfully electrophilic alkyl halides, such as chloromethyl methyl ether, reaction at the periphery, and not at the cobalt, occurs to give dimethylglyoxime-O-methoxymethyl ether.
Efficient Synthesis of Aromatic Polyketides in Vitro by the Actinorhodin Polyketide Synthase (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEfficient Synthesis of Aromatic Polyketides in Vitro by the Actinorhodin Polyketide SynthaseChristopher W. Carreras, Rembert Pieper, and Chaitan KhoslaView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305-5025 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 21, 5158–5159Publication Date (Web):May 29, 1996Publication History Received14 February 1996Published online29 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja960479ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja960479orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views803Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Biosynthesis,High-performance liquid chromatography,Metabolism,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Wafer-Packaging System Integrating with Electronic Device Manufacturing Line for a Half-Inch Wafer (2016)

We have proposed a brand new model for semiconductor manufacturing system seamlessly integrating a wafer process-line with a packaging line. In the model, the following four features are introduced: a wafer package for a half-inch (ϕ 12.5 mm) wafer size, a mutual machine-size of 30 cm-width for every process, a clean-localized system for the whole manufacturing processes and, a flexible system that is responsible for a need of chip packaging started from one chip. To implement the model proposed, we have been developing a half-inch wafer packaging with a BGA (Ball Grid Array)-type solder array which consists of following processes: a compression molding, a laser via, a copper redistribution layer (RDL) patterning, a solder-ball mounting, and a reflow. All the newly developed machines for the processes above are employed to demonstrate a half-inch wafer in package. Some issues on patterning Cu electrical connection on top of the epoxy mold is focused and discussed in this work.
Accuracy of Truly Patient-Specific UKA Procedures Using Sculptor RGA (2018)

IntroductionThe introduction of the Stanmore Implants Savile Row mobile-bearing UKA procedure in July 2011 marked a world first – the use of a patient-specific knee implanted with robotic technolog...
Advanced solid state NMR spectroscopic techniques in the study of thermally modified wood (2005)

Wood is thermally modified to obtain desired properties such as dimensional stability, low equilibrium moisture content and increased resistance to biodegradation and weather.Our detailed understanding of the changes in the chemical structure of wood induced by thermal treatment is not entirely complete.Furthermore, the effects of thermal modification on the chemistry of wood biodegradation and weathering are not well known despite the widespread use of thermally modified wood as exterior material.Various solid state 13 C CPMAS NMR measurements were applied to investigate the changes in chemical structure induced by a Finnish industrial-scale heat treatment process.Several wood species, including pine, spruce, birch, aspen and oak were studied.Wood samples were thermally modified under normal pressure using water vapour as a shielding gas, in the temperature range of 160-240C.Some of the thermally modified and unmodified wood samples were further exposed to soft or brown rot fungi and weathering.Besides conventional 13 C CPMAS NMR measurements, advanced solid state NMR techniques, i.e., spin-locking and dipolar dephasing, were applied to investigate the changes in the main components of wood: cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin.The effect on wood of this type of thermal modification has not previously been studied by advanced solid state NMR techniques.
The glycosylation design space for recombinant lysosomal replacement enzymes produced in CHO cells (2019)

Lysosomal replacement enzymes are essential therapeutic options for rare congenital lysosomal enzyme deficiencies, but enzymes in clinical use are only partially effective due to short circulatory half-life and inefficient biodistribution. Replacement enzymes are primarily taken up by cell surface glycan receptors, and glycan structures influence uptake, biodistribution, and circulation time. It has not been possible to design and systematically study effects of different glycan features. Here we present a comprehensive gene engineering screen in Chinese hamster ovary cells that enables production of lysosomal enzymes with N-glycans custom designed to affect key glycan features guiding cellular uptake and circulation. We demonstrate distinct circulation time and organ distribution of selected glycoforms of α-galactosidase A in a Fabry disease mouse model, and find that an α2-3 sialylated glycoform designed to eliminate uptake by the mannose 6-phosphate and mannose receptors exhibits improved circulation time and targeting to hard-to-reach organs such as heart. The developed design matrix and engineered CHO cell lines enables systematic studies towards improving enzyme replacement therapeutics.
Free-form textured surfaces registration by a frequency domain technique (2002)

Free-form 3-D surfaces registration is a fundamental problem in 3-D imaging, typically approached by extensions or variations of the ICP algorithm. This work presents a new frequency domain technique for 3-D view registration, totally different form any other techniques for 3-D motion estimation also, based on the Fourier transform. The proposed method can give a non-feature-based method for unsupervised registration of 3-D views. The obtained results are useful "per se" in applications targeted to visual quality or can serve as good starting point for the ICP algorithm when a higher precision is needed.
Growth of Hafnium Oxide Films by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Using Oxygen-Free Hf[N(C2H5)2]4 Precursor and Their Properties (2003)

Hafnium oxide films were deposited on silicon substrates at deposition temperatures ranging from 190 to 500°C by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. An oxygen-free precursor, Hf[N(C2H5)2]4, and O2 gas were used as starting materials. The reaction-limited deposition of hafnium oxide films fabricated with Hf[N(C2H5)2]4 was observed for wide temperature region compared with that with the conventional alkoxide precursor. Concentration of contaminated elements, such as carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen, decreased with increasing the deposition temperature, and amorphous films were obtained up to 450°C. Flat surface was obtained between 280 and 450°C. Reduction of hysteresis in capacitance-voltage curve and the increase of the accumulation capacitance were both achieved by the high temperature deposition. Hf[N(C2H5)2]4 is a unique precursor which can produce amorphous hafnium oxide films having very flat surface even at high deposition temperature of 400 and 450°C together with the reduction of the contamination elements.
Reaction of pseudouridine and inosine with N-cyclohexyl-N'-β-(4-methylmorpholinium) ethylcarbodiimide (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of pseudouridine and inosine with N-cyclohexyl-N'-β-(4-methylmorpholinium) ethylcarbodiimideP. T. Gilham and Nancy W. Y. HoCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 20, 3651–3657Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00796a003https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00796a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views567Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Critical capacity of noisy and asymmetrically constrained perceptrons (1991)

The authors report calculations of the critical capacity of perceptrons that are subject to pattern-dependent noise. They also calculate the capacity of a perceptron whose weights take values on a shifted sphere, and show how this system resembles 'noisy' behaviour in some limits.
Regulation of histone methylation by automethylation of PRC2 (2018)

ABSTRACT Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is a histone methyltransferase whose function is critical for regulating transcriptional repression in many eukaryotes including humans. Its catalytic moiety EZH2 is responsible for the tri-methylation of H3K27 and also undergoes automethylation. Using mass spectroscopic analysis of recombinant human PRC2, we identified three methylated lysine residues (K510, K514, K515) on a disordered but highly conserved loop of EZH2. These lysines were mostly mono- and di-methylated. Either mutation of these lysines or their methylation increases PRC2 histone methyltransferase activity. In addition, mutation of these three lysines in HEK293T cells using CRISPR genome-editing increases global H3K27 methylation levels. EZH2 automethylation occurs intramolecularly ( in cis ) by methylation of a pseudosubstrate sequence on the flexible loop. This post-translational modification and cis -regulation of PRC2 are analogous to the activation of many protein kinases by autophosphorylation. We therefore propose that EZH2 automethylation provides a way for PRC2 to modulate its histone methyltransferase activity by sensing histone H3 tails, SAM concentration, and perhaps other effectors.
Long-range electron-transfer in blue copper proteins (1986)

It is widely recognized that blue copper proteins function as electron-transfer agents in biological systems.(1-10) Plastocyanin, for example, which is one of the most thoroughly studied of all the blue copper proteins, is a key component of the electron-transfer apparatus in the chloroplasts of green leaves. In its oxidized form, here referred to as the Cu2 + state, it is intensely blue, because of 600 nm absorption attributable to charge transfer from a cysteine sulphur to the copper. The review by Sykes,(9) based on his Tilden Lecture, is an excellent place to read about the structure and properties of plastocyanin.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐Diarylcyclopentenes as Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors and Orally Active anti‐Inflammatory Agents. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chemogenomic Landscape of RUNX1 -mutated AML Reveals Importance of RUNX1 Allele Dosage in Genetics and Glucocorticoid Sensitivity (2017)

<b>Purpose:</b><i>RUNX1</i>-mutated (<i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup>) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with adverse outcome, highlighting the urgent need for a better genetic characterization of this AML subgroup and for the design of efficient therapeutic strategies for this disease. Toward this goal, we further dissected the mutational spectrum and gene expression profile of <i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup> AML and correlated these results to drug sensitivity to identify novel compounds targeting this AML subgroup.<b>Experimental Design:</b> RNA-sequencing of 47 <i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup> primary AML specimens was performed and sequencing results were compared to those of <i>RUNX1</i> wild-type samples. Chemical screens were also conducted using <i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup> specimens to identify compounds selectively affecting the viability of <i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup> AML.<b>Results:</b> We show that samples with no remaining <i>RUNX1</i> wild-type allele are clinically and genetically distinct and display a more homogeneous gene expression profile. Chemical screening revealed that most <i>RUNX1</i><sup>mut</sup> specimens are sensitive to glucocorticoids (GCs) and we confirmed that GCs inhibit AML cell proliferation through their interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). We observed that specimens harboring <i>RUNX1</i> mutations expected to result in low residual RUNX1 activity are most sensitive to GCs, and that coassociating mutations as well as GR levels contribute to GC sensitivity. Accordingly, acquired glucocorticoid sensitivity was achieved by negatively regulating <i>RUNX1</i> expression in human AML cells.<b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings show the profound impact of <i>RUNX1</i> allele dosage on gene expression profile and glucocorticoid sensitivity in AML, thereby opening opportunities for preclinical testing which may lead to drug repurposing and improved disease characterization. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6969-81. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Reporter Resins for Solid-Phase Chemistry (2001)

[reaction: see text] An analytical construct resin, designed to aid the analysis of solid-phase chemistry, has been mixed in a small proportion with a conventional resin. The analytical construct ("reporter resin") contains two orthogonal linkers that allow cleavage of either the synthetic intermediates (at linker 2) or their analytically enhanced derivatives (at linker 1). The convenient and rapid monitoring of each step in the syntheses of representative library compounds was possible using small resin aliquots.
An Alternative Synthetic Approach toward Dendritic Macromolecules:  Novel Benzene-Core Dendrimers via Alkyne Cyclotrimerization (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAn Alternative Synthetic Approach toward Dendritic Macromolecules: Novel Benzene-Core Dendrimers via Alkyne CyclotrimerizationStefan Hecht and Jean M. J. FréchetView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, California 94720-1460 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 16, 4084–4085Publication Date (Web):April 13, 1999Publication History Received7 December 1998Published online13 April 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9842215https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9842215rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views857Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Cyclization,Dendrons,Hydrocarbons,Molecules Get e-Alerts