gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser surface cladding of aluminium with oxide ceramics (1997)

The technique of plasma spraying is widely used to produce ceramic coatings of about 1 mm thickness. However, because the as-sprayed coatings are usually porous and are not chemically bonded to the substrate material, their range of application is limited. Recently laser cladding has been applied successfully to produce metallic and hard metal reinforced coatings. In the present work, the suitability of this one-step technique for the generation of ceramic coatings on metal is tested. Especially the Al2O3/TiO2 layers show a compact, non-porous structure and have for the most part good bonding properties. Their adhesive strength is higher than that of plasma sprayed coatings of comparable composition. Finish machining of layers produced by overlapping of single tracks is possible by grinding. Future investigations will be focused on phase analyses and testing of properties as well as on improvement of the material composition.
Survivin inhibition induces human neural tumor cell death through caspase‐independent and ‐dependent pathways (2001)

Survivin inhibits apoptosis during development and carcinogenesis and is absent in differentiated cells. To determine whether survivin inhibition induces cell death in neural tumor cells, survivin antisense oligonucleotides (SAO) were administered to a human neuroblastoma (MSN) and an oligodendroglioma (TC620) resulting in a dose-dependent reduction in survivin protein. Although 74% of the SAO-treated MSN cells were trypan blue(+), PARP cleavage or activated caspase-3 was not observed. However nuclear translocation of AIF occurred and XIAP increased dramatically. Co-administration of z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethyl ketone (zVAD-fmk) with SAO did not inhibit cell death suggesting a caspase-independent mechanism of cell death. Propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed multiple large macronuclei with no apoptotic bodies supporting a role for survivin in cell division. By contrast, while 70% of the SAO-treated TC620 cells were trypan blue(+), PARP was cleaved, cells were TUNEL(+) and PI-staining revealed macronuclei and numerous apoptotic bodies. Co-treatment of the TC620 cells with SAO and zVAD-fmk blocked cell death. While no macronuclei or apoptotic bodies were observed there was a two-fold increase in metaphase cells. Our results suggest that survivin inhibition decreases the viability of human neural tumor cells and as a result of mitotic catastrophe, cell death can be initiated by either a classic apoptotic mechanism or a caspase-independent mechanism.
Automatic Kernel Offload Using BPF (2023)

BPF support in Linux has made kernel extensions easier. Recent efforts have shown that using BPF to offload portions of server applications, e.g., memcached and service proxies, can improve application performance and efficiency. However, thus far, the community has not looked at the question of what parts of an application should be offloaded? This paper first shows that blindly offloading application functionality to the kernel is neither beneficial nor desirable, and care must be taken when deciding what to offload. Furthermore, when deciding what to offload, developers must consider not just the application, but also the workload being handled, and the kernel being targetted, Therefore, we advocate automating this decision process in a compiler, that can analyze application code, and produce two executables, a kernel offload and a userspace program, that jointly implement the application's functionality. This paper discusses the challenges that must be addressed to build such a compiler, and why they can be feasibly addressed.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF A 3‐DIAZOBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTAN‐2‐ONE INHIBITOR OF THROMBOXANE A2 SYNTHETASE (1984)

Abstract Die Norbornen‐dicarbonsiiure (I) liefert mit Perameisensäure das Lacton (II) und bei weiterer Oxidation das Keton (III), dessen Reduktion zum Dicarbonsäure‐norbornanon (IVa) und weiter zum Dithioketal (IVb) führt.
Acid‐Promoted Reaction of Trimethylsilylketene Bis(ethylthio)acetal with Imines. Synthesis of γ,γ‐Bis(ethylthio)allylamines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
12.1 A 3D-Integrated Microring-Based 112Gb/s PAM-4 Silicon-Photonic Transmitter with Integrated Nonlinear Equalization and Thermal Control (2020)

The explosive growth of data and data-centric computing places stringent demands on the bandwidth and energy efficiency of data center interconnects, spurring the development of several 400G Ethernet standards [1]. Silicon-photonics-based solutions are of particular interest for low cost 100+Gb/s/λ optical transceivers. Microring modulators (MRMs) can significantly scale the size and power of optical TX (OTX) compared to Mach-Zehnder modulators being used today [2]-[9]. However MRMs suffer from three significant drawbacks that have limited their use in 100+Gb/s optical transceivers: (a) tradeoff between bandwidth and phase efficiency inherent to these resonant modulators, (b) high process and temperature (P/T) sensitivity, and (c) non-linear electro-optic (E-to-O) characteristics. This paper presents a 3D-integrated 112Gb/s PAM-4 OTX with electronic nonlinear pre-distortion (NL-PD) and nonlinear FFE (NL-FFE) to compensate MRM nonlinearity and integrated thermal control (TC) to mitigate P/T sensitivity.
Service Learning Projects In 35 Core Undergraduate Engineering Courses (2020)

The College of Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Lowell (UML) has integrated service-learning (S-L) into many of its core required undergraduate courses over the last three years. Projects that meet real community needs and that help students achieve academic objectives in the courses are difficult to create. Projects for 35 different undergraduate required courses are summarized to help faculty, staff, and students develop S-L projects for their own courses. Faculty at UML were encouraged to "start small rather than not at all." Courses and projects include, for example: first-year introduction to engineering with 340 students in which student teams have designed and built moving displays illustrating various technologies for 60,000 middle school students that every year visit a history center which is part of a national park; sophomore kinematics in which student teams visit local playgrounds to assess safety using the equations for deceleration, forces, and impact from the course in a structured way; junior heat transfer courses in which analyses of heat loss and suggestions for heating system savings for a local food pantry, a city hall building, and community mental health center as well as the university itself were developed and presented to the stakeholders; sophomore materials in which student teams presented findings to the staff of a local textile history museum to help it begin updating its displays on recent developments in materials; junior fluids, junior circuits, senior microprocessor, senior design of machine elements, and senior capstone design are having students design and build various parts of an automated canal lock opener for a local national park. Many of the projects are low-cost and can be implemented by individual faculty members without the requirement of a formal institutional program. These S-L projects are integrated into a wide variety of core courses (and not just design courses) and represent typically from 10 to 20% of the grade.
A Ru-Catalyzed Three-Component Addition To Form 1,5-Diketones (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Ru-Catalyzed Three-Component Addition To Form 1,5-DiketonesBarry M. Trost, Moshe Portnoy, and Hideki KuriharaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305-5080 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 4, 836–837Publication Date (Web):January 29, 1997Publication History Received3 October 1996Published online29 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja963460uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja963460urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views957Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Indium,Ketones,Ruthenium,Vinyl Get e-Alerts
MALDI imaging MS reveals candidate lipid markers of polycystic kidney disease (2013)

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe, monogenetically inherited kidney and liver disease. PCK rats carrying the orthologous mutant gene serve as a model of human disease, and alterations in lipid profiles in PCK rats suggest that defined subsets of lipids may be useful as molecular disease markers. Whereas MALDI protein imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has become a promising tool for disease classification, widely applicable workflows that link MALDI lipid imaging and identification as well as structural characterization of candidate disease-classifying marker lipids are lacking. Here, we combine selective MALDI imaging of sulfated kidney lipids and Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) of imaging data sets for identification of candidate markers of progressive disease in PCK rats. Our study highlights strong increases in lower mass lipids as main classifiers of cystic disease. Structure determination by high-resolution mass spectrometry identifies these altered lipids as taurine-conjugated bile acids. These sulfated lipids are selectively elevated in the PCK rat model but not in models of related hepatorenal fibrocystic diseases, suggesting that they be molecular markers of the disease and that a combination of MALDI imaging with high-resolution MS methods and Fisher discriminant data analysis may be applicable for lipid marker discovery.
RNA Modified Uridines VII: Chemical Synthesis and Initial Analysis of tRNA D-Loop Oligomers with Tandem Modified Uridines (1995)

Abstract The first chemical synthesis of oligoribonucleotides with adjacent and significantly different modified uridines, the hydrophobic dihydrouridine, D, and the hydrophilic 3-[3-(S)-amino-3-carboxypropyl]-uridine, (acp)3U, is reported. The trimers Dp-acp3UpA, Up-acp3UpA, DpUpA and UpUpA, and the dimer Dp-acp3U were synthesized and initial structural analysis performed. The synthesis included a combination of protecting groups that is generally applicable to oligonucleotide syntheses in combination with various 2′OH protecting groups. The protecting groups did not cause racemization of the amino acid residue of (acp)3U during deprotection. The assignment of all 1H NMR resonances of modified nucleoside-containing oligoribonucleotides includes heteronuclear one and two dimensional NMR.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Conditions of High‐Tc (2223) Phase of Bi‐Pb‐Sr‐Ca‐Cu‐O Superconductor. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CCR1 is an early and specific marker of Alzheimer's disease (2003)

Chemokines are a diverse group of small proteins that effect cell signaling by binding to G-protein-coupled, seven-trans-membrane receptors. Our group had found previously that the chemokine receptor CCR1 was present in neurons and dystrophic processes in a small sample of Alzheimer's disease cases. This expanded immunohistochemical study shows that the number of CCR1-positive plaque-like structures in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex is highly correlated to dementia state as measured by the clinical dementia rating score. CCR1 immunoreactivity is found in dystrophic, neurofilament-positive, synaptophysin-negative neurites that are associated with senile plaques containing amyloid beta peptides of the 1-42 species (Abeta42). CCR1 was not, however, associated with diffuse deposits of Abeta42. There was limited expression of CCR1 in neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neuritic processes. Astrocytes and microglia were typically negative for CCR1. Human brains from age-matched, nondemented individuals rarely displayed either CCR1 or Abeta42 immunoreactivity. Seven other types of dementing neurodegenerative diseases were examined, and all failed to demonstrate CCR1 immunopositivity unless Abeta42-positive plaques were also present. Thus, neuronal CCR1 is not a generalized marker of neurodegeneration. Rather, it appears to be part of the neuroimmune response to Abeta42-positive neuritic plaques.
tk Enzyme expression in differentiating muscle cells is regulated through an internal segment of the cellular tk gene. (1984)

Thymidine kinase (tk) enzyme expression is shut down when cultured skeletal muscle cells terminally differentiate. This regulation is mediated by a rapid and specific decline in the abundance of cellular tk mRNA. tk-deficient mouse myoblasts were transformed to the tk-positive phenotype by using both the cellular tk gene of the chicken and the herpesvirus tk gene. Myoblasts transformed with the cellular tk gene effectively regulate tk enzyme activity upon terminal differentiation. Conversely, myoblasts transformed with the herpesvirus tk gene continue to express tk enzyme activity in postreplicative muscle cells. A regulated pattern of expression is retained when the promoter of the cellular tk gene is replaced by the promoter of the herpesvirus tk gene. Moreover, the cellular tk gene is appropriately regulated during terminal muscle differentiation when its 3' terminus is removed and replaced by the terminus of the viral tk gene. Thus, the element of the cellular tk gene sufficient to specify its regulation is entirely intragenic.
Inverse Vulcanization Polymers with Enhanced Thermal Properties via Divinylbenzene Homopolymerization-Assisted Cross-Linking (2019)

High-refractive-index sulfur-rich polymers with significantly improved thermal properties are prepared using divinylbenzene (DVB) as a comonomer in a modified, low-temperature inverse vulcanization with elemental sulfur. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared studies reveal that under the modified inverse vulcanization conditions, homopolymerized DVB segments form, leading to high glass-transition temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub> > 100 °C) and thermal stability previously unattainable from the inverse vulcanization of bifunctional olefin comonomers. On the basis of the modified procedures, a three-step molding process of the inverse vulcanization product of DVB, poly(S-<i>r</i>-DVB), involving (1) prepolymer formation, (2) hot-press compression molding of the soft prepolymer, and (3) thermal annealing of the molded product is demonstrated. The molded high-sulfur-content poly(S-<i>r</i>-DVB) exhibits a high refractive index (<i>n</i> > 1.85), along with high midwave infrared transmittance. Combined with a high <i>T</i><sub>g</sub>, these properties render poly(S-<i>r</i>-DVB) with properties highly desirable in applications involving infrared optics.
Discovery, Characterization, and Structure?Activity Relationships of an Inhibitor of Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channels with Preference for Kir2.3, Kir3.X, and Kir7.1 (2011)

The inward rectifier family of potassium (Kir) channels is comprised of at least 16 family members exhibiting broad and often overlapping cellular, tissue, or organ distributions. The discovery of disease-causing mutations in humans and experiments on knockout mice has underscored the importance of Kir channels in physiology and in some cases raised questions about their potential as drug targets. However, the paucity of potent and selective small-molecule modulators targeting specific family members has with few exceptions mired efforts to understand their physiology and assess their therapeutic potential. A growing body of evidence suggests that G protein-coupled inward rectifier K (GIRK) channels of the Kir3.X subfamily may represent novel targets for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. In an effort to expand the molecular pharmacology of GIRK, we performed a thallium (Tl(+)) flux-based high-throughput screen of a Kir1.1 inhibitor library for modulators of GIRK. One compound, termed VU573, exhibited 10-fold selectivity for GIRK over Kir1.1 (IC(50) = 1.9 and 19 μM, respectively) and was therefore selected for further study. In electrophysiological experiments performed on Xenopus laevis oocytes and mammalian cells, VU573 inhibited Kir3.1/3.2 (neuronal GIRK) and Kir3.1/3.4 (cardiac GIRK) channels with equal potency and preferentially inhibited GIRK, Kir2.3, and Kir7.1 over Kir1.1 and Kir2.1.Tl(+) flux assays were established for Kir2.3 and the M125R pore mutant of Kir7.1 to support medicinal chemistry efforts to develop more potent and selective analogs for these channels. The structure-activity relationships of VU573 revealed few analogs with improved potency, however two compounds retained most of their activity toward GIRK and Kir2.3 and lost activity toward Kir7.1. We anticipate that the VU573 series will be useful for exploring the physiology and structure-function relationships of these Kir channels.
transient inhibition of an adaptor protein, Lnk Enhanced engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by the (2011)

Ł € Stem Cells in Hematology (166 articles)Ł € Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells (2940 articles)Ł € Gene Therapy (489 articles)Ł € Cell Adhesion and Motility (790 articles)Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Blood collectionshttp://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#repub_requests Information about reproducing this article in parts or in its entirety may be found online at:http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#reprints Information about ordering reprints may be found online at:http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/site/subscriptions/index.xhtml Information about subscriptions and ASH membership may be found online at:
Analysis of solvent tolerance in Pseudomonas putida DOT‐T1E based on its genome sequence and a collection of mutants (2012)

Pseudomonas putida strains are prevalent in a variety of pristine and polluted environments. The genome of the solvent-tolerant P. putida strain DOT-T1E which thrives in the presence of high concentrations of monoaromatic hydrocarbons, contains a circular 6.3 Mbp chromosome and a 133 kbp plasmid. Omics information has been used to identify the genes and proteins involved in solvent tolerance in this bacterium. This strain uses a multifactorial response that involves fine-tuning of lipid fluidity, activation of a general stress-response system, enhanced energy generation, and induction of specific efflux pumps that extrude solvents to the medium. Local and global transcriptional regulators participate in a complex network of metabolic functions, acting as the decision makers in the response to solvents.
DefAT: Dependable Connection Setup for Network Capabilities (CMU-CyLab-11-018) (2018)

Network-layer capabilities offer strong protection against link flooding by authorizing individual flows with unforgeable credentials (i.e., capabilities). However, the capability setup channel is vulnerable to flooding attacks that prevent legitimate clients from acquiring capabilities; i.e., in Denial of Capability (DoC) attacks. Based on the observation that the distribution of attack sources in the current Internet is highly non-uniform, we provide a router-level scheme, named DefAT (Defense via Aggregating Traffic), that confines the effects of DoC attacks to specified locales or neighborhoods (e.g., one or more administrative domains of the Internet). DefAT provides precise access guarantees for capability schemes, even in the face of flooding attacks. The effectiveness of DefAT is shown in two ways. First, we illstrate the precise link-access guarantees provided by DefAT via ns2 simulations. Second, we show the effectiveness of DefAT in the current Internet via Interent-scale simulations using real Internet topologies and attack distribution.
ESD qualification and testing of semiconductor electronic components (2002)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) standards, qualification and testing techniques are not keeping pace with the wide proliferation of product and package types, chip architectures, digital/analog mixed signal applications, multichip module (MCM) packages, and three-dimensional silicon packages. ESD test standards are primarily focused on impulse wave forms and testers and are not addressing the pace and changing trend of the semiconductor industry. For example, most ESD event simulators are not adequately addressing product with high pin counts, high-volume testing, and software needs. This paper discusses our perspective of those adjustments needed to drive ESD learning on product chips and of new package environments. Also discussed are ESD testing methodologies, wafer-level test systems, packaging effects, simulation, and MCM ESD testing.
Humoral Immune Response to Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Among Children Aged 5–11 Years in a Multisite Prospective Cohort Study, September 2021–September 2022 (2023)

Children with higher antibody levels experienced a lower incidence of postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection.
500 Mbit/s operation of a multifunctional binaryoptical switching fabric (1995)

A cascadable binary optical routing switch with improved switching performance has been demonstrated by integrating vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with heterojunction bipolar transistors and pin photodiodes. The reconfigurable routing of optical signals, and their conversion between electrical and optical formats, have been achieved at high speed (400–500 Mbit/s), and with an optical gain of 7.5 dB.
Balanced phase and polarization diversity coherent optical receiver (1991)

A balanced phase and polarization diversity receiver employing a compact bulk optical 90 degrees hybrid and a silicon bipolar multiplier IC is described. The compact bulk optical hybrid provides all required optical signals with well-defined phase relations in a single unit and is therefore a good solution of the problems associated with the complex structure of the optical part of the receiver. The multiplier IC has a dynamic range of at least 15 dB. It guarantees that variations of the signal power in the different detection branches of the receiver cause negligible degradation in both diversity operations. The receiver has been tested in a 565-Mb/s DPSK transmission system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cyber-physical systems: Dynamic sensor attacks and strong observability (2015)

We study cyber-physical systems subject to dynamic sensor attacks, relating them to the system's strong observability. First, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for an attacker to create a dynamically undetectable sensor attack and relate these conditions to properties of the system dynamics eigenvectors. Next, we provide an index that gives the minimum number of sensors that must be attacked in order for an attack to be undetectable. Finally, we illustrate our results with a numerical example on the Quadruple Tank Process.