gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Développement d'un modèle numérique de fonte pour le suivi du couvert de neige à l'aide d'imagerie satellitaire (2002)

La fonte printannière, en région septentrionale, constitue un événement hydrologique important pour les gestionnaires de bassins versants, en particulier pour ceux qui doivent gérer de grands réservoirs ainsi que des installations hydroélectriques. Immédiatement avant et durant la période de fonte de la neige, un processus délicat d'optimisation doit s'effectuer pour équilibrer l'emmagasinement des réservoirs. Ceci a pour but d'empêcher les inondations tout en maximisant la production ultérieure d'énergie électrique. Ce projet porte sur la conception d'un modèle dsitribué de fonte de neige employé simultanément avec des images d'un capteur satellitaire NOAA-AVHRR. L'objectif est d'effectuer un suivi du processus de fonte de neige d'un grand bassin versant utilisé pour la production d'hydro-électricité. En utilisant des données météorologiques et géographiques, le modèle numérique calcule l'évolution du couvert de neige selon une grille d'une résolution de 1 km2. Au cours de la saison de fonte active, des données NOAA-AVHRR sont saisies quotidiennement. Ces données NOAA-AVHRR sont ensuite traitées pour produire des cartes de couverture de neige à la même échelle que celle utilisée par le modèle numérique. Les cartes dérivées des données NOAA-AVHRR sont ensuite quantitativement comparées aux cartes modélisées. Tenant compte des incertitudes dans les cartes NOAA-AVHRR produites, avec une approche dite de «cellule comparable» qui incorpore la pente, les coordonnées géographiques et les données d'altitude, le modèle se réinitialise itérativement par un retour dans le temps jusqu'à ce que la différence entre les zones enneigées observées et simulées soient réduites au minimum. Une étude de cas est effectuée avec la collaboration de la compagnie Alcan pour l'application de l'approche sur un sous-bassin versant du Lac St-Jean, celui de la Chute du Diable. La saison de fonte 1999 est utilisée pour évaluer l'application d'une partie de l'algorithme. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l'utilisation d'une seule carte dérivée de l'imagerie NOAA-AVHRR améliore significativement les prévisions du modèle. L'approche peut facilement s'intégrer à l'intérieur d'un programme opérationnel du suivi de la fonte des neiges sur un bassin versant.
Pharmacokinetics of β- l -2′,3′-Dideoxy-5-Fluorocytidine in Rhesus Monkeys (1999)

beta-L-2',3'-Dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (beta-L-FddC), a novel cytidine analog with an unnatural beta-L sugar configuration, has been demonstrated by our group and others to exhibit highly selective in vitro activity against human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and hepatitis B virus. This encouraging in vitro antiviral activity prompted us to assess its pharmacokinetics in rhesus monkeys. Three monkeys were administered an intravenous dose of [3H] beta-L-FddC at 5 mg/kg of body weight. Following a 3-month washout period, an equivalent oral dose was administered. Plasma and urine samples were collected at various times for up to 24 h after dosing, and drug levels were quantitated by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained on the basis of a two-compartment open model with a first-order elimination from the central compartment. After intravenous administration, the mean peak concentration in plasma (Cmax) was 29.8 +/- 10.5 microM. Total clearance, steady-state volume of distribution, terminal-phase plasma half-life (t1/2 beta), and mean residence time were 0.7 +/- 0.1 liters/h/kg, 1.3 +/- 0.1 liters/kg, 1.8 +/- 0.2 h, and 1.9 +/- 0.2 h, respectively. Approximately 47% +/- 16% of the intravenously administered radioactivity was recovered in the urine as the unchanged drug with no apparent metabolites. beta-L-FddC exhibited a Cmax of 3.2 microM after oral administration, with a time to peak drug concentration of approximately 1.5 h and a t1/2 of 2.2 h. One monkey in the oral administration arm of the study had a significant delay in the absorption of the aqueous administered dose. The absolute bioavailability of orally administered beta-L-FddC ranged from 56 to 66%.
Modelling and Measurement of Two-photon Absorption in Semiconductor Quantum Wells (2019)

Pump probe measurements of nondegenerate two-photon absorption in MBE-grown AlGaAs/GaAs semiconductor quantum well waveguides are presented. The results agree well with a model based on perturbation theory.
Flame retardant and weathering resistant self-stratifying coatings (2018)

International audience
Characterization of a synthetic human LINE-1 retrotransposon ORFeus-Hs (2011)

Long interspersed elements, type 1(LINE-1, L1) are the most abundant and only active autonomous retrotransposons in the human genome. Native L1 elements are inefficiently expressed because of a transcription elongation defect thought to be caused by high adenosine content in L1 sequences. Previously, we constructed a highly active synthetic mouse L1 element (ORFeus-Mm), partially by reducing the nucleotide composition bias. As a result, the transcript abundance of ORFeus-Mm was greatly increased, and its retrotransposition frequency was > 200-fold higher than its native counterpart. In this paper, we report a synthetic human L1 element (ORFeus-Hs) synthesized using a similar strategy. The adenosine content of the L1 open reading frames (ORFs) was reduced from 40% to 27% by changing 25% of the bases in the ORFs, without altering the amino acid sequence. By studying a series of native/synthetic chimeric elements, we observed increased levels of full-length L1 RNA and ORF1 protein and retrotransposition frequency, mostly proportional to increased fraction of synthetic sequence. Overall, the fully synthetic ORFeus-Hs has > 40-fold more RNA but is at most only ~threefold more active than its native counterpart (L1RP); however, its absolute retrotransposition activity is similar to ORFeus-Mm. Owing to the elevated expression of the L1 RNA/protein and its high retrotransposition ability, ORFeus-Hs and its chimeric derivatives will be useful tools for mechanistic L1 studies and mammalian genome manipulation.
Analysis and design of circularly polarised series fed planar subarrays (1995)

The paper describes a new approach to the design of circularly polarised planar antennas. The power is injected at the centre of the array, and distributed over the array by a straightforward feed network, using resonant feed line sections and notches etched on a few elements to produce orthogonal polarisations.
HPMA Copolymers as Surfactants in the Preparation of Biocompatible Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application (2012)

In this work we describe the application of amphiphilic N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA)-based copolymers as polymeric surfactants in miniemulsion techniques. HPMA-based copolymers with different ratios of HPMA (hydrophilic) to laurylmethacrylate (LMA; hydrophobic) units were synthesized by RAFT polymerization and postpolymerization modification. The amphiphilic polymers can act as detergents in both the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene and the miniemulsion process in combination with solvent evaporation, which was applied to polystyrene and polylactide. Under optimized conditions, monodisperse colloids can be prepared. The most promising results could be obtained by using the block copolymer with a ratio of 90/10. Preliminary cell uptake studies showed that polymer-stabilized nanoparticles have only minor unspecific cellular internalization in HeLa cells. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays showed no particle-attributed toxicity. In addition, the copolymer-stabilized particles preserved the shape and size in human blood serum as demonstrated by dynamic light scattering.
High‐resolution intracranial and cervical MRA at 3.0T: Technical considerations and initial experience (2001)

Initial experience with intracranial and cervical MRA at 3.0T is reported. Phantom measurements (corrected for relaxation effects) show S/N (3.0T) = 2.14 +/- 0.08 x S/N (1.5T) in identical-geometry head coils. A 3.0T 3DTOF intracranial imaging protocol with higher-order autoshimming was developed and compared to 1.5T 3DTOF in 12 patients with aneurysms. A comparison by two radiologists showed the 3.0T to be significantly better (P < 0.001) for visualization of the aneurysms. The feasibility of cervical and intracranial contrast enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) at 3.0T is also examined. The relaxivity of the gadolinium contrast agent decreases by only about 4-7% when the field strength is increased from 1.5 to 3.0T. Cervical 3.0T CEMRA was obtained in eight patients, two of whom had 1.5T studies available for direct comparison. Image comparison suggests 3.0T to be a favorable field strength for cervical CEMRA. Voxel volumes of 0.62-0.73 mm(3) (not including zero-filling) were readily achieved at 3.0T with the use of a single-channel transmit-receive head or cervical coil, a 25 mL bolus of gadoteridol, and a 3D pulse sequence with a 66% sampling efficiency. This spatial resolution allowed visualization of intracranial aneurysms, carotid dissections, and atherosclerotic disease including ulcerations. Potential drawbacks of 3.0T MRA are increased SAR and T(*)(2) dephasing compared to 1.5T. Image comparison suggests signal loss due to T(*)(2) dephasing will not be substantially more problematic than at 1.5T. The dependence of RF power deposition on TR for CEMRA is calculated and discussed.
Agonists of the P2YAC‐receptor activate MAP kinase by a ras‐independent pathway in rat C6 glioma (2001)

We have previously shown that an ecto-NPPase modulates the ATP- and ADP-mediated P2Y(AC)-receptor activation in rat C6 glioma. In the present study, 2MeSADP and Ap(3)A induced no detectable PI turnover and were identified as specific agonists of the P2Y(AC)-receptor with EC(50) values of 250 +/- 37 pM and 1 +/- 0.5 microM, respectively. P2Y(AC)-receptor stimulation increased MAP kinase (ERK1/2) activation that returned to the basal level 4 h after stimulation and was correlated with a gradual desensitization of the P2Y(AC)-purinoceptor. The purinoceptor antagonists DIDS and RB2 blocked MAP kinase activation. An IP(3)-independent Ca(2+)-influx was observed after P2Y(AC)-receptor activation. Inhibition of this influx by Ca(2+)-chelation, did not affect MAP kinase activation. Pertussis toxin, toxin B, selective PKC-inhibitors and a specific MEK-inhibitor inhibited the 2MeSADP- and Ap(3)A-induced MAP kinase activation. In addition, transfection with dominant negative RhoA(Asn19) rendered C6 cells insensitive to P2Y(AC)-receptor-mediated MAP kinase activation whereas dominant negative ras was without effect. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated a significant increase in the phosphorylation of raf-1 after P2Y(AC)-receptor activation. We may conclude that P2Y(AC)-purinoceptor agonists activate MAP kinase through a G(i)-RhoA-PKC-raf-MEK-dependent, but ras- and Ca(2+)-independent cascade.
Effects of the HVDC System on Converter Transformers (2019)

HVDC is a recognized economical and technical advantageous solution for long distance transmission, asynchronous interconnections and long submarine cables crossing. The number of projects already in operation or under consideration has increased in the last years, reflecting the global interest on this technology. The new converter designs have permitted HVDC to be used in a wide system application options, such as underground interconnections and offshore renewable energy generation. HVDC technology presents an economical solution for power transmission, with fewer losses when compared to equivalent high-voltage AC systems. The converters nonlinearity operation produces some effects in the transformers, such as, additional losses, vibration and noise level increase. In many cases, the design solution to deal with those effects is to increase margins, what may affect not only the transformer manufacturing cost, but also its operating life. This article discusses the most relevant effects produced by the line-commutated converters (LCC) technology listed on IEC/IEEE 60076-57-129 technical standard, analyzing the consequences into the converter transformer operation and design considerations.
Mechanical Evaluation of Two Hybrid Locking Plate Designs for Canine Pancarpal Arthrodesis (2021)

Hybrid locking pancarpal arthrodesis plates were designed with either a round (RH) or an oval (OH) radiocarpal hole, the latter allowing varied screw positioning. Due to concerns about potential decreased structural properties of the OH design, our aim was to compare the mechanical behavior of the contrasting plates using combined finite element analysis (FEA) and mechanical testing. Pancarpal arthrodesis plates with RH or OH design were assigned to three fixation techniques (<i>n</i> = 6), prebent at 20°, and fixed to canine forelimb models with simulated radius and radiocarpal and 3rd metacarpal bones. OH plates were instrumented with a radiocarpal screw inserted either most proximal (OH-P) or most distal (OH-D). Specimens were axially loaded to 300 N over 10 ramped cycles at 0.5 Hz. Plate strains were measured with strain gauges placed at areas of highest deformations as predicted by FEA under identical loading conditions. FEA predicted the highest strains (<i>μ</i>m/m) adjacent to the radiocarpal hole (2,500 [RH], 2,900 [OH-P/OH-D]) and plate bending point (2,250 [RH], 1,900 [OH-P/OH-D]). Experimentally, peak radiocarpal hole strains were not influenced by the OH screw position (3,329 ± 443 [OH-P], 3,222 ± 467 [OH-D]; <i>P</i> = 0.550) but were significantly higher compared to the RH design (2,123 ± 154; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Peak strains at the bending point were significantly lower for OH-P (1,792 ± 174) and OH-D (1,806 ± 194) versus RH configurations (2,158 ± 114) (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.006). OH plates demonstrated highest peak strains next to the radiocarpal hole and were associated with more heterogenous plate strain distribution. Structural weakening associated with radiocarpal OH plate design could result in decreased fixation strength and increased risk of plate fatigue failure.
Adversarial Training for Community Question Answer Selection Based on Multi-Scale Matching (2019)

Community-based question answering (CQA) websites represent an important source of information. As a result, the problem of matching the most valuable answers to their corresponding questions has become an increasingly popular research topic. We frame this task as a binary (relevant/irrelevant) classification problem, and present an adversarial training framework to alleviate label imbalance issue. We employ a generative model to iteratively sample a subset of challenging negative samples to fool our classification model. Both models are alternatively optimized using REINFORCE algorithm. The proposed method is completely different from previous ones, where negative samples in training set are directly used or uniformly down-sampled. Further, we propose using Multi-scale Matching which explicitly inspects the correlation between words and ngrams of different levels of granularity. We evaluate the proposed method on SemEval 2016 and SemEval 2017 datasets and achieves state-of-the-art or similar performance.
Dissipative Assembly of an Ion Transport System: archival voltage-clamp data summaries (2014)

This dataset consists of three files of summary voltage-clamp data for the active components of a dissipatively assembled transport system
Biomechanics of thoracic short versus long fixation after 3-column injury (2010)

Thoracic short-segment fixation provides significantly less stability than long-segment fixation for the injury studied. Adding a cross-link to short fixation improved stability only during axial rotation. Adding a screw at the fracture site improved short-segment stability by an average of 25%.
Supplementary Figure 4 from c-Src Modulates Estrogen-Induced Stress and Apoptosis in Estrogen-Deprived Breast Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 76K, The c-Src inhibitor blocked apoptosis-related genes induced by E2. MCF-7:5C cells were treated with vehicle (0.1% DMSO), E2 (10-9 mol/L), 4-OHT (10-6 mol/L), E2 (10-9 mol/L) plus 4-OHT(10-6 mol/L), PP2 (5x10-6 mol/L), E2 (10-9 mol/L) plus PP2 (5x10-6 mol/L) respectively for 72 hours. Cells were harvested in TRIzol for real-time PCR. 4A, PPP1R15A (GADD34) gene. 4B, BCL2L11 (Bim) gene. 4C, NUAK2 gene. 4D, PMAIP1 (Noxa) gene. P&lt;0.001, ** compared with control. All the data shown were representative of at least three separate experiments with similar results.&lt;/p&gt;
Advanced development of the digital tuberculosis tester for MDR-TB screening (2001)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death in the world from a single infectious disease, and the threat is becoming more critical with the spread of multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). TB detection, and susceptibility testing for drug resistant strain identification, is advancing with the development of Luciferase Reporter Mycobacteriophages (LRM). LRM will emit visible light at very low intensity when in the presence of live mycobacteria cells such as Tuberculosis strains. InterScience, Inc., together with its collaboration, is developing a highly sensitive, real-time digital detection system for the analysis of luminescent assays. Recent advances in system sensitivity, design, and implementation, as well as preliminary results of the development of individual test cartridges, will be presented. The ultimate goal of this work is to provide a versatile luminescence detection tool for widespread research and clinical applications.
Base-Sequence Dependence of Emission Lifetimes for D141018-30-6NA Oligomers and Duplexes Covalently Labeled with Pyrene: Relative Electron-Transfer Quenching Efficiencies of A, G, C, and T Nucleosides toward Pyrene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBase-Sequence Dependence of Emission Lifetimes for D141018-30-6NA Oligomers and Duplexes Covalently Labeled with Pyrene: Relative Electron-Transfer Quenching Efficiencies of A, G, C, and T Nucleosides toward PyreneMuthiah Manoharan, Kathleen L. Tivel, Min Zhao, Kambiz Nafisi, and Thomas L. NetzelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 48, 17461–17472Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/j100048a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views549Altmetric-Citations161LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
A Novel Mechanism for Bradykinin Production at Inflammatory Sites (1998)

Coprocessing of kininogens by a mixture of human mast cell tryptase and neutrophil elastase was explored as a potential substitute for the kallikrein-dependent pathway for kinin generation during inflammation. Tryptase easily excised bradykinin from the synthetic heptadecapeptide, ISLMKRPPGFSPFRSSR, but was unable to produce significant amounts of kinin by proteolysis of kininogens. However, a mixture of tryptase and elastase released bradykinin from each protein with a yield comparable to that of human plasma kallikrein. Significantly, neither plasma nor tissue kallikrein was able to effectively process N-chlorosuccinimide-oxidized high molecular weight kininogen, an effect attributed to the oxidation of a methionine residue upstream from the N terminus of the kinin domain. In support of these results the model heptadecapetide, ISL(MO)KRPPGFSPFRSSR, was also resistant to hydrolysis by either kallikrein. In contrast, the release of bradykinin from oxidized peptide or protein substrates by the tryptase/elastase mixture was not altered. Because kininogen modification may occur at inflammatory sites, as a result of the oxidative burst of recruited neutrophils and macrophages, these results suggest an alternative pathway for kinin production and the necessity for the novel utilization of two specific proteinases known to be released from these cells during inflammatory episodes.
The computation of elementary unitary matrices (1996)

The construction of elementary unitary matrices that transform a complex vector to a multiple of e 1 , the first column of the identity matrix, is studied. We present four variants and their software implementation, including a discussion onthe LAPACK subroutine CLARFG. Comparisons are also given.
OP14 Improved endoscopic outcomes and mucosal healing of upadacitinib as an induction therapy in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: data from the U-ACHIEVE study (2019)

The efficacy and safety of upadacitinib, an oral, selective Janus Kinase 1 inhibitor, was assessed in an 8-week Phase 2 induction study of patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who had inadequate response, loss of response or intolerance to corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologic therapies.1 This analysis evaluated the endoscopic improvement, endoscopic remission, histological improvement, histological remission, and mucosal healing rates at Week 8 of the U-ACHIEVE study. Adult patients with Adapted Mayo Score (Mayo score without Physician Global Assessment) of 5–9 points and centrally read endoscopy subscore of 2–3 were randomised to receive extended-release upadacitinib 7.5, 15, 30, 45 mg once daily (QD) or placebo for 8 weeks. Patient randomisation was stratified by previous biologic use, baseline corticosteroid use, and baseline Adapted Mayo score (≤7/>7). The proportion of patients who achieved endoscopic improvement (endoscopic subscore ≤1), endoscopic remission (endoscopic subscore of 0), histological improvement (any decrease from baseline in Geboes score), histological remission (Geboes score <2), and mucosal healing (endoscopic subscore of 0 AND Geboes score <2) were analysed and pairwise comparisons between upadacitinib doses and placebo were conducted using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test stratified by randomisation factors. Non-responder imputation was utilised for missing values. A total of 250 patients were randomised with a mean (SD) age of 42.3 (14.2) years and a mean (SD) disease duration of 8.2 (2.5) years. At baseline, 77.6% had prior use of biologics, 36% had an Adapted Mayo Score >7, and 79% had an endoscopic subscore of 3. At Week 8, a dose–response relationship was observed for all efficacy endpoints. The proportion of patients achieving endoscopic improvement, endoscopic remission, histological improvement, histological remission, and mucosal healing was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the upadacitinib 30 and 45 mg QD groups vs. the placebo group (Table). Abstract OP014 – Table. Proportion of patients achieving endoscopic improvement, endoscopic remission, histological improvement, histological remission, and mucosal healing at Week 8. In this dose-ranging 8-week induction study, upadacitinib 30 and 45 mg QD consistently demonstrated significant improvement in endoscopic outcomes, histological outcomes, and mucosal healing compared with placebo in patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis. Reference 1. Sandborn WJ. Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib as an induction therapy for patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis: data from the phase 2b study U-ACHIEVE, United European Gastroenterology (UEG) Week, Presentation #OP195, 2018.