gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtuell-native Dual Energy-CT-Urographie mit Zinn-Filter-Technologie: Detektierbarkeit von Harnsteinen in vivo im Vergleich mit nativer CT Urographie (2011)

Ziele: Evaluation der Detektierbarkeit von Harnsteinen nach virtueller Entfernung von Kontrastmittel (KM) aus Dual Energy CT (DECT)-Urographien. Methode: 143 Patienten erhielten eine DECT-Urographie in nativer und urographischer Phase (Definition Flash, Siemens, Zinnfiltertechnologie, Sn140/80kV und Sn140/100kV). Mithilfe einer Verarbeitungssoftware (Syngo Dual Energy, Siemens) wurde das KM im Nierenbeckenkelchsystem (NBKS) aus den urographischen Datensätzen entfernt. Die Sichtbarkeit von Harnsteinen im NBKS in den resultierenden virtuell-nativen (VN) Bildern wurde mit den echt-nativen (EN) Bildern verglichen. Mittels logistischer Regression wurden die Einflüsse von Bildrauschen, Röntgendichte und Größe der Steine sowie der Röntgendichte des KM auf die Sichtbarkeit der Harnsteine untersucht. Mittels ROC-Analysen wurden für signifikante Einflussfaktoren Schwellwerte errechnet. Untersuchungen mit einer maximalen Dichte des KM von 3071 HU (obere Grenze der Hounsfieldskala, n=7) wurden ausgeschlossen. Ergebnis: In den EN- und VN-Datensätzen wurden 77 bzw. 33 Harnsteine detektiert. Als signifikante Einflussgrößen für die erfolgreiche Detektion von Harnsteinen in den VN-Bildern konnten Größe (p=0,0196) und Dichte (p=0,0007) des Harnsteins sowie das Bildrauschen (p=0,0031) ermittelt werden. Der maximale Dichtewert des KM (p=0,2864) stellte keine signifikante Einflussgröße dar. Als Schwellenwerte ergaben sich eine Größe von >2,9mm (Sensitivität 76%, Spezifität 92%), ein maximaler HU-Wert des Steins von >340 HU (Sensitivität 97%, Spezifität 90%) und ein Bildrauschen von >20 HU (Sensitivität 85%, Spezifität 49%). Schlussfolgerung: Größere (>2,9mm) und dichtere (>340 HU) Harnsteine können in VN-Bildern aus DECT-Datensätzen reproduzierbar nachgewiesen werden. Kleinere, wenig dichte Steine können insbesondere bei erhöhtem Bildrauschen fälschlicherweise eliminiert werden. Ob diese Limitation bei Einsatz dieses Verfahrens klinisch relevant ist, bleibt insbesonders im Hinblick auf das Dosisreduktionspotential zu diskutieren.
Exogenous IFN‐γ ex vivo shapes the alloreactive T‐cell repertoire by inhibition of Th17 responses and generation of functional Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (2008)

Interferon (IFN)-gamma was originally characterized as a pro-inflammatory cytokine with T helper type 1-inducing activity, but subsequent work has demonstrated that mice deficient in IFN-gamma or IFN-gamma receptor show exacerbated inflammatory responses and accelerated allograft rejection, suggesting that IFN-gamma also has important immunoregulatory functions. Here, we demonstrate that ex vivo IFN-gamma conditioning of CD4 T cells driven by allogeneic immature dendritic cells (DC) results in the emergence of a Foxp3(+) regulatory T-cell (Treg)- dominant population that can prevent allograft rejection. The development of this population involves conversion of non-Treg precursors, preferential induction of activation-induced cell death within the non-Treg population and suppression of Th2 and Th17 responses. The suppressive activity of IFN-gamma is dependent on the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and is mediated by induced nitric oxide. These data indicate not only how IFN-gamma could be used to shape beneficial immune responses ex vivo for possible cell therapy but also provide some mechanistic insights that may be relevant to exacerbated inflammatory responses noted in several autoimmune and transplant models with IFN-gamma deficiency.
Identification of T cell peptides from C gamma 2ab involved in IgG2ab T cell-induced allotypic suppression. Relationship with the MHC haplotype of the suppressor T cell-donor Igha mice. (1993)

Using the algorithm of the peptidic self-model we selected, from the constant part of the IgG2ab polypeptidic heavy chain, four peptides susceptible to being recognized by the T cells of Igha mice that prevent IgG2ab expression. Among these four peptides, two were capable of enhancing in vivo this T cell activity of Igha mice almost as well as the whole IgG2ab allotype. One of these peptides, C gamma 2ab-248-263, located in the CH3 domain of IgG2ab, was effective in H-2d mice, while the other one, C gamma 2ab-103-118, located in the hinge region of IgG2ab, was efficient in H-2b mice. This demonstrates for the first time that this suppression involves the TCR of the effector cells and peptides derived from the allotype presented in the context of MHC molecules of the target cells, the presentation specificity being dependent on the MHC haplotype. The availability of these peptides will allow us to further understand the role of class I and/or class II MHC molecules in this suppression.
Early Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases Using Wearable Ultrasound Device (2019)

Early detection of symptoms is considered an effective approach to prevent deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Routine cardiac check-ups are therefore suggested by clinicians to detect CVD at an early stage. Unfortunately, existing methods for cardiac diagnosis are costly and time-consuming as in most of the cases, these facilities are available only in hospitals or clinics. In this article, a novel wearable ultrasonic imaging assembly is proposed for routine monitoring of the carotid arteries in an easy-to-use and economical way. Using standard B-mode ultrasound, which is suitable for wearable form factors, the device monitors intima-media thickness (IMT), which is a proven indicator of cardiovascular disease. The design parameters for all the essential hardware components of the proposed wearable imaging system along with an efficient algorithm for predicting IMT anomalies from ultrasound images are proposed. Finally, we describe a custom-designed prototype of the proposed system and demonstrate its capability in acquiring ultrasound images.
Efficient Multiplexer Networks for Field-Data Extractors and Their Evaluations (2017)

As seen in stream data processing, it is necessary to extract a particular data field from bulk data, where we can use a field-data extractor. Particularly, an (M,N)-field-data extractor reads out any consecutive N bytes from an M-byte register by connecting its input/output using multiplexers (MUXs). However, the number of required MUXs increases too much as the input/output byte widths increase. It is known that partitioning a MUX network leads to reducing the number of MUXs. In this paper, we firstly pick up a multi-layered MUX network, which is generated by repeatedly partitioning a MUX network into a collection of single-layered MUX networks. We show that the multi-layered MUX network is equivalent to the barrel shifter from which redundant MUXs and wires are removed, and we prove that the number of required MUXs becomes the smallest among MUX-network-partitioning based field-data extractors. Next, we propose a rotator-based MUX network for a field-data extractor, which is based on reading out a particular data in an input register to a rotator. The byte width of the rotator is the same as its output register and hence we no longer require any extra wires nor MUXs. By rotating the input data appropriately, we can finally have a right-ordered data into an output register. Experimental results show that a multi-layered MUX network reduces the number of required gates to construct a field-data extractor by up to 97.0% compared with the one using a naive approach and its delay becomes 1.8ns-2.3ns. A rotator-based MUX network with a control circuit also reduces the number of required gates to construct a field-data extractor by up to 97.3% compared with the one using a naive approach and its delay becomes 2.1ns-2.9ns.
A novel fluorescence-based system for assaying and separating live cells according to VDJ recombinase activity. (1990)

We describe two retroviral vector-based recombination substrate systems designed to assay for lymphoid VDJ recombinase activity in cultured cells. Both substrates incorporate a constitutive dominant marker gene (the simian virus promoter-driven neo gene) to allow selection of cells that stably integrate the substrate. Both substrates also include a second marker gene that becomes transcriptionally active only when inverted by a site-specific recombination event between flanking immunoglobulin variable-region gene segments. The first vector, similar in structure to previous retrovirus-based recombination substrates, utilizes the bacterial guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (gpt) as its activatable marker; detection of inversion (VDJ recombinase activity) involves drug selection and Southern blotting analyses. We have used this vector to make a more extensive and quantitative survey of VDJ recombinase activity in B-lineage cell lines than has previously been performed with stable substrates, and we have compared our results with those of other studies that use transient recombination substrates. In the second vector, the activatable gene is the bacterial beta-galactosidase gene (lacZ). Detection for inversional activation of this gene is achieved by a fluorogenic assay, termed FACS-Gal, that detects beta-galactosidase activity in viable cells. The latter assay has the unique advantage of rapidly detecting cells that undergo recombination and also allows viable sorting of cells on the basis of the presence or absence of VDJ recombinase activity. We have used the lacZ vector to rapidly quantitate VDJ recombinase activity in B-lineage cell lines and compared the results with those obtained with the gpt vector. We have also used the lacZ vector to isolate variant pre-B-cell lines with low and high levels of VDJ recombinase activity.
Obesity, venous capacitance, and venous compliance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (2021)

Patients with HFpEF display reductions in systemic venous compliance and increased eSBV related to reduced venous capacitance, abnormalities in right ventricular-pulmonary artery interaction, and increased body fat. These data provide new evidence supporting an important role of venous dysfunction in obesity-related HFpEF and suggest that therapies that improve venous function may hold promise to improve clinical status in this cohort.
IP Traffic Offloading to Elastic Optical Layer Using Multi-flow Optical Transponder (2011)

We propose introducing a multi-flow optical transponder combined with elastic optical networking to achieve efficient router-bypass at the optical layer. Numerical evaluation shows considerable savings in the required IP router port count and spectral usage.
Cambia el paisaje, cambia el clima, cambian las aves (2012)

El jilguero y el pardillo, tambien la tortola o la perdiz roja, ademas de la lechuza, la golondrina 
o el gorrion: cada vez son menos en nuestro pais. Estas especies, tan cercanas al ser humano, 
ven transformarse los mosaicos agropecuarios y los entornos rurales en los que se mueven, 
y responden con declives proximos, incluso, al cuarenta por ciento. Cambia el paisaje, tambien el clima y, a su vez, las aves, mientras SEO/BirdLife, la organizacion que las contabiliza y 
defiende, ya no pide leyes sino frenar su incumplimiento.
Luminescent Polymer Electrolyte Composites Using Silica Coated-Y2O3:Eu as Fillers (2003)

Luminescent polymer electrolyte composites composed of silica coated Y 2 O 3 :Eu in polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix has been produced by initially synthesizing silica coated Y 2 O 3 :Eu and mixing with polyethylene glycol in a lithium salt solution. High luminescence intensity at round 600 nm contributed by electron transitions in Eu 3+ ( 5 D 0 7 F 0 , 5 D 0 7 F 1 , and 5 D 0 7 F 3 transitions) were observed. The measured electrical conductivity was comparable to that reported for polymer electrolyte composites prepared using passive fillers (non luminescent). This approach is therefore promising for production of high intensity luminescent polymer electrolyte composites for use in development of hybrid battery/display.
Boundary layer flow over a bump and the three-dimensional law of the wall (2023)

Many turbulence theories in use today are based on two-dimensional equilibrium flows and have limitations when applied to three-dimensional flows. A three-dimensional law of the wall would help to improve simulation fidelity, but while several versions have been proposed, none have been widely accepted. In this study, the three-dimensional attached boundary layer flow over the windward side of the BeVERLI (Benchmark Validation Experiments for RANS/LES Investigations) Hill bump model was measured using near-wall laser Doppler velocimetry in the Virginia Tech Stability Wind Tunnel to study the mean flow and turbulence structure. These mean velocity measurements are compared with the predictions of the proposed three-dimensional (3D) law of the wall of van den Berg [A three-dimensional law of the wall for turbulent shear flows. J Fluid Mech. 1975;70(1):149–160.], which incorporates pressure gradients and inertial effects but assumes alignment of the mean flow gradient and shear-stress angles, and to the sublayer momentum equations, which are exact in the limit of wall-normal x2+→0. In regions with mild stress/strain misalignment, the van den Berg model compares favourably with the experimental data up to a maximum of x2+≈800, and the sublayer momentum relationship compares favourably with the experimental data in the linear sublayer.
Toward cell transfer immunotherapy against patient-specific mutations in gastrointestinal cancers (2014)

Meeting abstracts Accumulating evidence suggests that the efficacy of ACT in melanoma is mediated by T cells that target somatic mutations expressed by the patients' tumors. Moreover, in one patient with metastatic epithelial (bile duct) cancer, we recently identified tumor-infiltrating Th1 cells
Phonon Dispersion in <100> Si Nanowire Covered with SiO2 Film Calculated by Molecular Dynamics Simulation (2013)

The phonon dispersion relation in &lt;100&gt; Si nanowire (SiNW) is calculated by employing a realistic atomistic model surrounded by thin SiO2 layers. We performed molecular dynamics simulation to calculate the dynamical structure factor by the space-time Fourier transform of atomic trajectories, and extracted the phonon dispersion relations. Although the bulk dispersion relations are maintained in the SiNWs on the whole, acoustic phonon branches are diffused beyond recognition, which is considered as the origin of the thermal conductivity degradation in SiNWs. A red shift of the transverse optical mode also appears probably due to the lattice strain induced by the outer oxide film. These results provide a foothold to estimate the electron-phonon scattering rates and the heat transport processes of realistic SiNWs.
A simplified complexity analysis of mcdiarmid and reed's variant of bottom-up-heapsort (2000)

McDiarmid and Reed (1989) presented a variant of BOTTOM-UP-HEAPSORT which requires nlog2 n+n element comparisons (for n= 2 h+1-1) in the worst case, but requires an extra storage of n bits. Ingo Wegener (1992) has analyzed the average and worst case complexity of the algorithm which is very complex and long. In this paper we present a simplified complexity analysis of the same algorithm from a different viewpoint. For n= 2 h+1-1, we show that it requires nlog2 n+n element comparisons in the worst case and nlog2 n+0.42n comparisons on the average
SaferDrive: An NLG-based behaviour change support system for drivers (2018)

Abstract Despite the long history of Natural Language Generation (NLG) research, the potential for influencing real world behaviour through automatically generated texts has not received much attention. In this paper, we present SaferDrive , a behaviour change support system that uses NLG and telematic data in order to create weekly textual feedback for automobile drivers, which is delivered through a smartphone application. Usage-based car insurances use sensors to track driver behaviour. Although the data collected by such insurances could provide detailed feedback about the driving style, they are typically withheld from the driver and used only to calculate insurance premiums. SaferDrive instead provides detailed textual feedback about the driving style, with the intent to help drivers improve their driving habits. We evaluate the system with real drivers and report that the textual feedback generated by our system does have a positive influence on driving habits, especially with regard to speeding.
Learned Two-Plane Perspective Prior based Image Resampling for Efficient Object Detection (2023)

Real-time efficient perception is critical for autonomous navigation and city scale sensing. Orthogonal to architectural improvements, streaming perception approaches have exploited adaptive sampling improving real-time detection performance. In this work, we propose a learnable geometry-guided prior that incorporates rough geometry of the 3D scene (a ground plane and a plane above) to resample images for efficient object detection. This significantly improves small and far-away object detection performance while also being more efficient both in terms of latency and memory. For autonomous navigation, using the same detector and scale, our approach improves detection rate by +4.1 $AP_{S}$ or +39% and in real-time performance by +5.3 $sAP_{S}$ or +63% for small objects over state-of-the-art (SOTA). For fixed traffic cameras, our approach detects small objects at image scales other methods cannot. At the same scale, our approach improves detection of small objects by 195% (+12.5 $AP_{S}$) over naive-downsampling and 63% (+4.2 $AP_{S}$) over SOTA.
Systematic elucidation of neuron-astrocyte interaction in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using multi-modal integrated bioinformatics workflow (2020)

Cell-to-cell communications are critical determinants of pathophysiological phenotypes, but methodologies for their systematic elucidation are lacking. Herein, we propose an approach for the Systematic Elucidation and Assessment of Regulatory Cell-to-cell Interaction Networks (SEARCHIN) to identify ligand-mediated interactions between distinct cellular compartments. To test this approach, we selected a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in which astrocytes expressing mutant superoxide dismutase-1 (mutSOD1) kill wild-type motor neurons (MNs) by an unknown mechanism. Our integrative analysis that combines proteomics and regulatory network analysis infers the interaction between astrocyte-released amyloid precursor protein (APP) and death receptor-6 (DR6) on MNs as the top predicted ligand-receptor pair. The inferred deleterious role of APP and DR6 is confirmed in vitro in models of ALS. Moreover, the DR6 knockdown in MNs of transgenic mutSOD1 mice attenuates the ALS-like phenotype. Our results support the usefulness of integrative, systems biology approach to gain insights into complex neurobiological disease processes as in ALS and posit that the proposed methodology is not restricted to this biological context and could be used in a variety of other non-cell-autonomous communication mechanisms.
320 GHz high-order sideband generation using reciprocating optical modulator (2006)

We demonstrated effective generation of high-order sideband components whose frequency deviation was 312 GHz by using a reciprocating optical modulator. Enhancement factor in the eighth-order sideband was 65.9 dB with respect to conventional modulation methods.
Millimeter-Wave MIMO Prototype: Measurements and Experimental Results (2018)

Millimeter-wave MIMO systems are one of the candidate schemes for 5G wireless standardization efforts. In this context, the main contributions of this article are three-fold. First, we describe parallel sets of measurements at identical transmit-receive location pairs with 2.9, 29 and 61 GHz carrier frequencies in indoor office, shopping mall, and outdoor settings. These measurements provide insights on propagation, blockage and material penetration losses, and the key elements necessary in system design to make mm-Wave systems viable in practice. Second, one of these elements is hybrid beamforming necessary for better link margins by reaping the array gain with large antenna dimensions. From the class of fully-flexible hybrid beamformers, we describe a robust class of directional beamformers toward meeting the high data-rate requirements of mm-Wave systems. Third, leveraging these design insights, we then describe an experimental prototype system at 28 GHz that realizes high data rates on both the downlink and uplink and robustly maintains these rates in outdoor and indoor mobility scenarios. In addition to maintaining large signal constellation sizes in spite of radio frequency challenges, this prototype leverages the directional nature of the mm-Wave channel to perform seamless beam switching and handover across mm-Wave base stations, thereby overcoming the path losses in non-line-of-sight links and blockages encountered at mm-Wave frequencies.
Light-Induced Effect of a-Si Films Fabricated Using the Super Chamber (1987)

The light-induced effect of a-Si films with low impurity concentrations fabricated in the super chamber was investigated. It was confirmed that a reduction of impurity reduces the light-induced effect over a range of more than 10 18 cm -3 for oxygen. Furthermore, other factors come to have an influence on the light-induced effect in the low-impurity region. We believe that there are at least two types of light-induced defects, one related to impurities, which may be located below the midgap, and one related to structural properties, which may be located around the midgap. For a further reduction of the light-induced degradation in a-Si films, it is necessary to reduce the impurities in a-Si films and to suppress the creation of dangling bonds around the midgap.
A high-molecular-weight squid neurofilament protein contains a lamin-like rod domain and a tail domain with Lys-Ser-Pro repeats. (1992)

Previous studies have shown that two low molecular-weight neurofilament (NF) proteins (NF-60 and NF-70) from the squid Loligo pealei are translated from mRNAs that are splice variants of a single squid NF gene. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding a high-molecular-weight squid NF protein (NF-220), the mRNA of which derives from the same squid NF gene. All three proteins are identical in their amino-terminal and lamin-like rod domains but differ in their carboxyl-terminal tail regions. In contrast to the short tail domains of NF-60 and NF-70, the NF-220 protein has a longer tail domain containing an acidic cluster of amino acids immediately followed by repeated copies of the sequence motif Lys-Ser-Pro. The Lys-Ser-Pro domain is similar to that of mammalian medium NF (NF-M) and high NF (NF-H) proteins, where the serines are highly phosphorylated. Except for these Lys-Ser-Pro motifs, there is surprisingly little structural similarity between the squid NF-220 protein and mammalian NF-M and NF-H proteins. Furthermore, the location of introns in squid NF-220 protein shows that it is more closely related to nuclear lamins and type III intermediate-filament proteins than to vertebrate NF proteins.