gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4622: PAM4-antigen levels in the serum of patients with pancreatic carcinoma: Early detection of disease and correlation with responses to radioimmunotherapy (2010)

Abstract Background: A serum-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) employing MAb-PAM4 demonstrates high specificity and sensitivity for detection of advanced pancreatic carcinoma (PC). We are currently exploring use of the immunoassay as a means to detect early-stage PC, as well as detection of nascent disease progression or relapse during routine post-treatment follow-up. We now also report initial results that provide correlation of serum PAM4-antigen levels with responses to radiolabeled PAM4 therapy. Methods: The PAM4-based EIA was employed for detection and quantitation of antigen in the serum of pancreatic carcinoma patients with known stage of disease (N=68). An additional 11 patients with stage-4 disease who participated in an ongoing phase-1b clinical trial to evaluate the combination of 90Y-hPAM4 IgG, (clivatuzumab tetrexate) radioimmunotherapy with low-dose, radiosensitizing, gemcitabine (Gem) were also examined. Serum specimens from this latter group were collected at baseline prior to treatment, at the end of the 4-week treatment cycle, and again at 4 weeks post-treatment (week 8 from baseline), when a CT scan was performed to determine tumor response. Results: Overall, the sensitivity of the immunoassay for detection of PC was 81%, with a 5% false-positive rate for the healthy volunteers (N=19). When examined by stage of disease, sensitivity rates were 91%, 86% and 62% for stages 3/4 advanced disease, stage-2, and stage-1 PC, respectively. For those patients who had treatment with 90Y-hPAM4 + Gem, a decrease in antigen levels greater than 40%, observed at the end of the treatment cycle (4 weeks), with sustained decline in the antigen levels at the 8-week post-treatment evaluation, provided presumptive evidence of tumor response, either stable disease (SD, N=2) or partial response (PR, N=5) by CT RECIST criteria. None of the patients with progressive disease (N=4) had a sustainable decrease in serum levels of PAM4-antigen, whereas all of the responders did. The median decrease in serum PAM4-mucin levels at the 8-week follow-up evaluation timepoint was 54% (range: 47% - 98% decrease), with a median tumor response (only SD and PR responders) being a decrease in tumor size of 37% (range: 46% decrease to 4% increase), from a baseline median primary tumor size of 10.0 cm (range 2.6 - 12.1 cm). Conclusions: These results suggest that the PAM4-based immunoassay should be further evaluated for use in the detection of early pancreatic carcinoma, as well as to evaluate tumor response to therapy. (Supported in part by grant CA096924 from the NIH.) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4622.
Novel Benzyl‐ or 4‐Cyanobenzyl‐Substituted N‐Heterocyclic (Bromo)(carbene)silver(I) and (Carbene)(chloro)gold(I) Complexes: Synthesis and Preliminary Cytotoxicity Studies (2011)

Abstract N‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes bromo(1,3‐dibenzyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene)silver(I) ( 2a ), bromo[1‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐3‐methyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene]silver(I) ( 2b ), and bromo[1‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐3‐methyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylidene]silver(I) ( 2c ) were prepared by the reaction of 1,3‐dibenzyl‐1 H ‐imidazol‐3‐ium bromide ( 1a ), 3‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐1‐methyl‐1 H ‐imidazol‐3‐ium bromide ( 1b ), and 3‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐1‐methyl‐1 H ‐benzimidazol‐3‐ium bromide ( 1c ), respectively, with silver(I) oxide. NHC Complexes chloro(1,3‐dibenzyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene)gold(I) ( 3a ), chloro[1‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐3‐methyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene]gold(I) ( 3b ), and chloro[1‐(4‐cyanobenzyl)‐3‐methyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2 H ‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylidene]gold(I) ( 3c ) were prepared via transmetallation of corresponding (bromo)(NHC)silver(I) complexes with chloro(dimethylsulfido)gold(I). The complex 3a was characterized in two polymorphic forms by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction showing two rotamers in the solid state. The cytotoxicities of all three bromo(NHC)silver(I) complexes and three (chloro)(NHC)gold(I) complexes were investigated through 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2 H ‐tetrazolium bormide (MTT)‐based preliminary in vitro testing on the Caki‐1 cell line in order to determine their IC 50 values. (Bromo)(NHC)silver(I) complexes 2a – 2c and (chloro)(NHC)gold(I) complexes 3a – 3c were found to have IC 50 values of 27±2, 28±2, 34±6, 10±1, 12±5, and 12±3 μ M , respectively, on the Caki‐1 cell line.
Disparate Activation of the Coronary Sinus and Inferior Left Atrium During Atrial Tachycardia After Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Prevalence, Pitfalls, and Impact on Mapping (2012)

Careful analysis of CS recordings during AT following persistent AF ablation often reveals disparate patterns of activation. Recognizing when endocardial LA activation occurs in the opposite direction to the more obvious local CS signals is critical to avoid misleading interpretations during mapping of AT and evaluation of MI block.
Dendritic cells sample HIV-1 through an intestinal epithelial cell monolayer (2009)

The intestinal mucosa is a preferential portal of entry for HIV-1 during mother-to-child transmission. Oral infection is also a well documented route for transmission of HIV-1 in neonates. Neonates can acquire the disease by breast-feeding, moreover presence of blood in gastric aspirates of neonates born to HIV-1 infected mothers has also been incriminated as a risk factor in the transmission of HIV-1. Multiple mechanisms for mucosal HIV-1 transmission have been proposed, however the exact role played by dendritic cells in facilitating viral passage across intestinal epithelium have not been fully defined. We had hypothesized that sub-mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) can mediate mucosal transmission of HIV-1 through a process similar to bacterial sampling through gastrointestinal epithelium (Rescigno M., Nat.Immun.2001).
Involvement of Estrogen Receptor α in Regulation of Cervical/Vaginal Epithelial Cell Permeability (1999)

Reproductive Biology, and Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio. USA.
A boundary element simulation of compression mold filling (1988)

Abstract This paper presents the development of the boundary element equations for the compression molding process of isothermal Newtonian fluids. It shows the numerical implementation of the boundary element equations and presents a simple method of carrying out the domain integral present in the governing equations. The results and accuracy of a boundary element simulation are discussed, and the numerical results compared to experimental values.
Inhibition of de novo pyrimidine synthesis augments Gemcitabine induced growth inhibition in an immunocompetent model of pancreatic cancer (2021)

Leflunomide (Lef) is an agent used in autoimmune disorders that interferes with DNA synthesis. De Novo pyrimidine synthesis is a mechanism of Gemcitabine (Gem) resistance in pancreatic cancer. This study aims to assess the efficacy and changes in the tumor microenvironment of Lef monotherapy and in combination with Gem, in a syngeneic mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Methods: MTS proliferation assays were conducted to assess growth inhibition by Gem (0-20 nM), Lef (0-40 uM) and Gem+Lef in KPC (KrasLSL.G12D/+;p53R172H/+; PdxCretg/+) cells in vitro. An in vivo heterotopic KPC model was used and cohorts were treated with: PBS (control), Gem (75 mg/kg/q3d), Lef (40 mg/kg/d), or Gem+Lef. At d28 post-treatment, tumor burden, proliferation index (Ki67), and vascularity (CD31) were measured. Changes in the frequency of peripheral and intratumoral immune cell subsets were evaluated via FACS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for metabolomics profiling. Results: Lef inhibits KPC cell growth and synergizes with Gem in vitro (P<0.05; Combination Index 0.44 (<1 indicates synergy). In vivo, Lef alone and in combination with Gem delays KPC tumor progression (P<0.001). CTLA-4+T cells are also significantly decreased in tumors treated with Lef, Gem or in combination (Gem+Lef) compared to controls (P<0.05). Combination therapy also decreased the Ki67 and vascularity (P<0.01). Leflunomide inhibits de novo pyrimidine synthesis both in vitro (p<0.0001) and in vivo (p<0.05).
Sensitivity enhancement of a QCM biosensor using polymer treatment (2005)

Quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) have been widely used for detection of various chemical and biological species in liquid media. We report an improved binding of protein A and IgG molecules on QCM biosensors by modifying the gold surface of the quartz crystal with a 35 nm polystyrene film followed by an acidic treatment. An appreciable increase in the frequency shift was observed when the polystyrene film was used as an interfacial layer. Protein A and IgG immobilizations on quartz crystals with the polystyrene film represented a 65% increase and a 40% increase respectively when compared to immobilization done directly onto the crystals. Complementary atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies revealed a significant decrease in the RMS roughness of the substrate from 98.4 nm to 1.75 nm when coated with polystyrene. This increased surface smoothness resulted in higher biomolecular coverage on the surface of the sensor causing higher frequency shifts.
The Effects of Modifying the Surface Charge on the Catalytic Activity of a Thermolysin-like Protease (2002)

The impact of long range electrostatic interactions on catalysis in the thermolysin-like protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus was studied by analyzing the effects of inserting or removing charges on the protein surface. Various mutations were introduced at six different positions, and double-mutant cycle analysis was used to study the extent to which mutational effects were interdependent. The effects of single point mutations on the k(cat)/K(m) were non-additive, even in cases where the point mutations were located 10 A or more from the active site Zn(2+) and separated from each other by up to 25 A. This shows that catalysis is affected by large electrostatic networks that involve major parts of the enzyme. The interdependence of mutations at positions as much as 25 A apart in space also indicates that other effects, such as active site dynamics, play an important role in determining active site electrostatics. Several mutations yielded a significant increase in the activity, the most active (quadruple) mutant being almost four times as active as the wild type. In some cases the shape of the pH-activity profile was changed significantly. Remarkably, large changes in the pH-optimum were not observed.
13C NMR imaging of solids with magic angle sample spinning (1989)

The first 13C NMR imaging method suitable for rotating solids is demonstrated and is shown to allow high-resolution ( approximately=100 mu m) accurate images to be obtained. Line narrowing is achieved by a combination of magic angle sample spinning (MAS), high-power proton decoupling and deconvolution. The small homogeneous linewidth, high-Q probes and narrow-band receivers associated with 13C NMR compensate to a large extent for the low natural abundance and small gyromagnetic ratio of 13C. The resolution and sensitivity of 13C imaging, which is generally simpler to perform, are comparable to those of multiple pulse 1H imaging. Limitations of the method due to the residual broadening from off-resonance proton decoupling and interference of the MAS averaging of the chemical shift anisotropy by modulated magnetic field gradients are discussed.
DENT-seq for genome-wide strand-specific identification of DNA single-strand break sites with single-nucleotide resolution (2020)

DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs), or "nicks," are the most common form of DNA damage. Oxidative stress, endogenous enzyme activities, and other processes cause tens of thousands of nicks per cell per day. Accumulation of nicks, caused by high rates of occurrence or defects in repair enzymes, has been implicated in multiple diseases. However, improved methods for nick analysis are needed to characterize the mechanisms of these processes and learn how the location and number of nicks affect cells, disease progression, and health outcomes. In addition to natural processes, including DNA repair, leading genome editing technologies rely on nuclease activity, including nick generation, at specific target sites. There is currently a pressing need for methods to study off-target nicking activity genome-wide to evaluate the side effects of emerging genome editing tools on cells and organisms. Here, we developed a new method, DENT-seq, for efficient strand-specific profiling of nicks in complex DNA samples with single-nucleotide resolution and low false-positive rates. DENT-seq produces a single deep sequence data set enriched for reads near nick sites and establishes a readily detectable mutational signal that allows for determination of the nick site and strand with single-base resolution at penetrance as low as one strand per thousand. We apply DENT-seq to profile the off-target activity of the Nb.BsmI nicking endonuclease and an engineered spCas9 nickase. DENT-seq will be useful in exploring the activity of engineered nucleases in genome editing and other biotechnological applications as well as spontaneous and therapeutic-associated strand breaks.
Expression Systems for DNA Processes (2006)

The production of a specific protein by recombinant DNA technology entails cloning the gene that encodes the protein from the desired organism, forming a suitable genetic construct such that the gene can be expressed in a host organism, and introduction and maintenance of the construct in the host to allow the production of an adequate yield of functional protein. The ability to take a gene from any organism and express it in adequate quantity in a system permitting the analysis of the structure and function of the protein encoded by the gene has great importance in the research laboratory. Physical and enzymatic features of the protein encoded by a newly discovered gene can be studied, and its functional location in cells or tissues can be determined, in an effort to better define its biological function. Industrial applications include the production of therapeutic and diagnostic proteins having great impact in the field of medicine, and the production of stable bulk enzymes for the food and specialty chemical industries.
THERMAL EXPANSION BEHAVIOR FOR THE SHORT GLASS FIBER-EPOXY COMPOSITE AND THE SHORT GLASS FIBER-UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITE (1980)

The temperature and the fiber length dependences of the thermal expansion coefficients of epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fiber were studied.For both composites, the thermal expansion coefficient of fiber orientation plane increases with increasing temperature. The coefficient of composites is given by the mean value of longitudinal and transverse coefficients for the unidirectional short fiber reinforced composite, the critical fiber length being taken into consideration.The thermal expansion coefficient of composites is known to decrease with increase in the aspect ratio of reinforcing fiber. When the composites are reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fiber with 3 times of the mean critical length, the thermal expansion coefficients are almost equal to that of the theoretical value with continuous glass fiber.
Power Cooling (2016)

During the last years international steel producers have been following a market trend to develop and produce new steel grades with higher strength and larger thickness. When attempting to improve the metallurgical properties in the cooling section, the existing cooling equipment in hot strip mills often reaches its limit. Primetals Technologies offers its Power Cooling solution to upgrade existing cooling lines as well as for new hot strip mills. With this type of equipment highest cooling rates can be achieved and therefore steel producers are capable of producing new steel grades with higher strength at lower costs. A new power cooling system was installed immediately behind the finishing mill gauge house at Wuhan Iron and Steel Company’s (WISCO) HSM No. 2 in Wuhan, China. The Power Cooling system widens the product range and gives WISCO the capability to produce high-strength steel grades (AHSS) with strength levels of more than 1,000 MPa, e.g. HSLA steel or as-hot-rolled multi-phase steel. Due to the extremely wide control range of the flow rate, the installation allows for maximum metallurgical flexibility. On the other hand, the new equipment allows for the most economic production of line-pipe material like API X80 in a thickness range up to 25.4 mm (1 inch).
Enhanced Pulsed Dye Laser for Facial Rejuvenation (2020)

An enhanced PDL is effective in one pass treatments for facial rejuvenation with considerably less operative time than previous commercially available systems. A second pass applied to focal challenging lesions results in even more improvement, in a single treatment session. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Acoustic Communications 2011 Experiment: Deployment Support and Post Experiment Data Handling and Analysis (2012)

Abstract : A high performance, versatile, and reliable underwater communications capability is of strategic importance to the U.S. Navy. Operational scenarios involving the use, monitoring, and coordination of multiple undersea assets, both manned and unmanned and mobile and fixed, are significantly enhanced by the ability to communicate quickly, reliably, in a wide range of environmental conditions, and with minimal constraints on the actions of the platforms involved. The long-term goal of the effort in underwater acoustic communications is to integrate research in the areas of physical oceanography, ocean acoustics, signal processing, and communications theory to 1. develop a underwater communications capability that can be deployed on and used by a wide range of platforms with minimal required external infrastructure and which achieves reliable and high performance under a wide range of environmental and operational conditions, and 2. develop an communications performance prediction capability that enables commanders to reliably predict the performance of deployed communications systems as a function of environmental conditions and the location, velocity, and capabilities of the deployed assets.
Initial clinical experience with the Nucleus CI532 Cochlear Implant Electrode (2016)

All cases presenting to the author have undergone surgical treatment and patients with middle ear disease and treated surgically within 2 months of presentation all showed some recovery in facial nerve function. In those with apical disease the palsy was often present for many years and facial nerve function did not improve but nor did it deteriorate post-operatively in these more long-standing cases.
Tumorigenicity Issues of Embryonic Carcinoma-derived Stem Cells: Relevance to Surgical Trials Using NT2 and hNT Neural Cells (2005)

Cell therapy is a rapidly moving field with new cells, cell lines, and tissue-engineered constructs being developed globally. As these novel cells are further developed for transplantation studies, it is important to understand their safety profiles both prior to and posttransplantation in animals and humans. Embryonic carcinoma-derived cells are considered an important alternative to stem cells. The NTera2/D1 teratocarcinoma cell-line (or NT2-N cells) gives rise to neuron-like cells called hNT neurons after exposure to retinoic acid. NT2 cells form tumors upon transplantation into the rodent. However, when the NT2 cells are treated with retinoic acid to produce hNT cells, they terminally differentiate into post-mitotic neurons with no sign of tumorigenicity. Preliminary human transplantation studies in the brain of stroke patients also demonstrated a lack of tumorigenicity of these cells. This review focuses on the use of hNT neurons in cell transplantation for the treatment in central nervous system (CNS) diseases, disorders, or injuries and on the mechanism involved in retinoic acid exposure, final differentiation state, and subsequent tumorigenicity issues that must be considered prior to widespread clinical use.
Theoretical study of the C–H bond dissociation energy of acetylene (1989)

A systematic study of the energies of acetylene and ethynyl radical and cation using high levels of ab initio molecular orbital theory, including correlation effects beyond fourth order perturbation theory, is presented. The bond dissociation energy of acetylene D0(HCC–H), is calculated to be 5.79 eV with an expected accuracy of ±0.1 eV. The 3Π ground state of C2H+ is calculated to be 0.36 eV more stable than the 3Σ− state. The ionization potential of ethynyl radical (C2H) is calculated to be 11.65 eV.
Characterization of copper selenide thin film hole-injection layers deposited at room temperature for use with p-type organic semiconductors (2008)

Copper selenide, CuxSe(x∼2), was examined as a hole-injection layer for low-temperature organic devices. Crystalline CuxSe films grown at room temperature with atomically flat surfaces exhibited metallic conduction with a high electrical conductivity of 4.5×103 S/cm, a hole concentration of 1.4×1022 cm−3, and a mobility of 2.0 cm2/(V s). Analysis of the free carrier absorption using the Drude model estimated the effective mass of a hole as 1.0me. Photoemission spectroscopy measurements of the interfaces between CuxSe and organic hole transport layers, N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl) benzidine (NPB) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), verified that the hole-injection barriers of these interfaces (0.4 eV for NPB and 0.3 eV for CuPc) are smaller than that of a conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) hole-injection electrode/NPB interface (0.6 eV) but are comparable to that of an ITO electrode/CuPc interface (0.3 eV). Hole-only devices using the CuxSe layer as a hole-injection anode exhibited very low threshold voltages (0.4–0.5 V) and nearly Ohmic characteristics. The NPB layer on the CuxSe layer was found to be highly doped at 1017–1019 cm−3, probably due to copper diffusion, while the CuPc layer is nearly intrinsic with a doping concentration lower than 1015 cm−3. These results indicated that a CuxSe film combined with CuPc is a promising candidate for a low-voltage hole-injection anode or a buffer layer in low-temperature devices such as organic light-emitting diodes and thin film transistors.
Distribution of the Secondary Type III Secretion System Locus Found in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates among Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Strains (2003)

The ability of the complete genome sequence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 led to the identification of a 17-kb chromosomal region which contained a type III secretion system gene cluster at min 64.5. This locus contains open reading frames whose amino acid sequences show high degrees of similarity with those of proteins that make up the type III secretion apparatus, which is encoded by the inv-spa-prg locus on a Salmonella SPI-1 pathogenicity island. This locus was designated ETT2 (E. coli type III secretion 2) and consisted of the epr, epa, and eiv genes. ETT2 was found in enteropathogenic E. coli strains and also in some non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains, but most of them contained a truncated portion of ETT2. Most O157 isolates had a complete collection of toxin-encoding genes eae and hlyA and the ETT2 locus, while most O26 strains had toxin-encoding genes eae and hlyA genes but an incomplete ETT2 locus. Thus, an intact copy of ETT2 might mark a pathogenic distinction for particular STEC strains. Therefore, the presence of the ETT2 locus can be used for identification of truly pathogenic STEC strains and for molecular fingerprinting of the epidemic strains in humans and animals.