gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alkali Metal Based Micro Combustion Using Graphene Micro-valve Trigger (2015)

Controllable combustion of alkali metals offers a pathway to high energy density, high power density scalable thermal systems. The volatile nature of these materials however, has limited their incorporation into useable devices. Recent findings in low trigger power MEMS one-shot valves offer a viable pathway forward for creating systems in which to exploit the unique properties of alkali metals as thermal energy sources. By miniaturizing and combining these fuels with such a valve, and incorporating them with a polymer substrate, a micro-packet of combustible metal can be created. Here we report such a device utilizing a graphene based micro-valve trigger and a rubidium metal fuel source to realize an arrayable micro-scale electrical to thermal energy amplification scheme. Using this approach we can react nanoliter droplets of rubidium with ambient air on demand, producing electrical to thermal energy gains of seventy five times. By arraying the fuel into discrete packets, we can also achieve temporal control of the fuel source, allowing for tailored peak and average power output.
Prevention of Sn and Pb Crystallization in a Confined Nanospace (2010)

Sn, Pb, Ag, and Au are encapsulated within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by capillary action. From high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging of the obtained materials, it is found that although Ag and Au crystallize within CNTs, Sn and Pb are in a pseudoliquid phase. The results suggest that a confined nanospace prevents crystal growth of metals having a low melting point. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cavity ripple dynamics after pinch-off (2018)

During water entry, a projectile can entrain an air cavity that trails behind it. Most previous studies focus on the formation and pinch-off dynamics of the air cavity, but only a few have investigated the long-term cavity dynamics after pinch-off. In this study, we examine the ripple formation following the pinch-off of an air cavity generated by a cone, with different cone angles and impact velocities. The amplitude and wavelength of these ripples are measured, and the force on the cone is experimentally determined. It was observed that the ripple amplitude and wavelength increase linearly with the cone impact velocity, which is predicted by our acoustic model of the compressible air cavity. In addition, the measured force exhibits distinct amplitudes and wavelengths. By measuring the length of the cavity, the resulting pressure variation was averaged inside the air cavity leading to a theoretical force amplitude, which matched our observations. We noted that the force wavelength also follows the same acoustic model, which agrees very well with the wavelength of the ripples.
Mehrfachbindungen zwischen Hauptgruppenelementen und Übergangsmetallen, XXVII. Redox‐Reaktionen an Chrom — Selen‐Dreifachbindungen (1986)

Abstract Der Titelkomplex μ‐Selenido‐bis[dicarbonyl(η 5 ‐cyclopentadienyl)chrom] ( 1 ) reagiert mit Reduktionsmitteln wie Kaliumsuperoxid oder Cobaltocen zu neuartigen ein‐ und mehrkernigen Komplexsalzen. So ergibt KO 2 in Gegenwart von [2.2.2]‐Kryptand in Aceton‐Lösung bei Raumtemperatur das Komplexsalz 5 , welches das einkernige Komplexanion [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Cr(CO) 2 (η 2 ‐Se 2 )] − enthält (Röntgenstrukturanalyse). Mit Cobaltocen ergibt 1 bei −30°C in Tetrahydrofuran/Diethylether‐Lösung das extrem sauerstoffempfindliche Komplexsalz 2 , in dem erstmals eine Organometall‐Spezies mit planarem Cr 3 Se‐Mehrfachbindungssystem vorliegt (Röntgenstrukturanalyse). 2 zerfällt bei Raumtemperatur unter Bildung des tetrameren Selen‐Komplexes 3 der Zusammensetzung [(C 5 H 5 )CrSe] 4 (Cr 4 Se 4 ‐Cubanstruktur) und in den salzartigen Komplex [Co(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 ) 2 ] + [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Cr(CO) 3 ] − ( 4 ; Röntgenstrukturanalyse).
Broad optical bandwidth InGaAs-InAlGaAs light-emitting diodes fabricated using a laser annealing process (1999)

The use of a laser-induced quantum-well intermixing technique in the InGaAs-InAlGaAs material system is presented. We report blue shifts of up to 240 nm in the 1.55-μm emission wavelength, generated by exposure to a Nd:YAG laser. Variations in the optical intensity across the irradiating beam were used to laterally grade the bandgap along a sample. We used this technique to fabricate broad optical bandwidth, light-emitting diodes. The devices showed an increase in the full width half maximum of the emission spectrum from 125 nm in undisordered devices to over 260 nm in intermixed material. The output spectrum was also observed to be flat-topped (within 5%) across a wavelength range of 140 nm.
Near-infrared supercontinuum laser beam source in the second and third near-infrared optical windows used to image more deeply through thick tissue as compared with images from a lamp source (2015)

With the use of longer near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, image quality can be increased due to less scattering (described by the inverse wavelength power dependence 1/λ(n) where n ≥ 1 ) and minimal absorption from water molecules. Longer NIR windows, known as the second (1100 nm to 1350 nm) and third (1600 to 1870 nm) NIR windows are utilized to penetrate more deeply into tissue media and produce high-quality images. An NIR supercontinuum (SC) laser light source, with wavelengths in the second and third NIR optical windows to image tissue provides ballistic imaging of tissue. The SC ballistic beam can penetrate depths of up to 10 mm through tissue.
Applications of The Visible Heart(RTM) for cardiac valve repair and replacement devices (2009)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2009. Major: Biomedical Engineering. Advisor: Paul A. Iaizzo, PhD.
Professor of Surgery, Integrative Biology and Physiology, and Anesthesiology. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 259 pages. Ill. (some col.) appendices A-B + 2 computer files (MPEG); 2 video clips, of heart valve function (17 sec.) and procedure (68 sec.)
Repurposing the Chemical Scaffold of the Anti‐Arthritic Drug Lobenzarit to Target Tryptophan Biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2014)

The emergence of extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) highlights the need for new therapeutics to treat tuberculosis. We are attempting to fast-track a targeted approach to drug design by generating analogues of a validated hit from molecular library screening that shares its chemical scaffold with a current therapeutic, the anti-arthritic drug Lobenzarit (LBZ). Our target, anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase (AnPRT), is an enzyme from the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway in Mtb. A bifurcated hydrogen bond was found to be a key feature of the LBZ-like chemical scaffold and critical for enzyme inhibition. We have determined crystal structures of compounds in complex with the enzyme that indicate that the bifurcated hydrogen bond assists in orientating compounds in the correct conformation to interact with key residues in the substrate-binding tunnel of Mtb-AnPRT. Characterising the inhibitory potency of the hit and its analogues in different ways proved useful, due to the multiple substrates and substrate binding sites of this enzyme. Binding in a site other than the catalytic site was found to be associated with partial inhibition. An analogue, 2-(2-5-methylcarboxyphenylamino)-3-methylbenzoic acid, that bound at the catalytic site and caused complete, rather than partial, inhibition of enzyme activity was found. Therefore, we designed and synthesised an extended version of the scaffold on the basis of this observation. The resultant compound, 2,6-bis-(2-carboxyphenylamino)benzoate, is a 40-fold more potent inhibitor of the enzyme than the original hit and provides direction for further structure-based drug design.
Development of an Effective Safety Switch for Selective Elimination of Human T Cells In Vivo after Adoptive Transfer. (2006)

Abstract Adoptive transfer of T cells is frequently associated with unwanted side effects. In order to tackle these effects one could introduce a safety switch into the cells that permits their selective in vivo elimination. The human CD20 gene in combination with CD20 antibodies was recently proposed as a novel safety switch. In such a system, T cells may be genetically modified with a CD20-encoding vector prior to adoptive transfer. If necessary, CD20-transgenic cells can be eliminated in vivo through administration of CD20 antibodies, such as the chimeric antibody rituximab (RTX) that is currently used to treat CD20+ lymphoma. RTX activates the complement system and recruits immune effector cells, resulting in rapid death of CD20+ cells. Recently, a novel human CD20 antibody, Humab 7D8, was shown to have superior activity over RTX. In this study a set of CD20-encoding retroviral vectors was generated, which either lacked or contained one or both of two regulatory elements: the woodchuck posttranscriptional regulatory element (WPRE) to increase CD20 expression, and the chicken hypersensitivity site 4 insulator element (INS) to achieve a position independent expression of CD20 and to increase the safety profile of the vector by preventing activation of cellular (onco)genes by the retroviral enhancer. We found that the level of CD20 expression obtained with vectors containing INS was 2-fold lower than with vectors lacking INS. Additional inclusion of WPRE restored the level to that of the vector without INS. In addition, INS greatly enhanced the homogeneity of CD20 expression in T cells. Moreover, after 3 months in culture, all cells generated with CD20-INS had retained CD20 expression, while 60% of cells transduced with the control CD20 vector had lost CD20 expression. Complement dependent cell kill (CDC) of both RTX and HuMab 7D8 was dependent on the level of CD20 expression (p&lt;0.01). However, while very low CD20-expressing cells were completely resistant against RTX they could be effectively killed by HuMab 7D8. For maximal kill of CD20-high cells, a 100-fold lower dose of HuMab 7D8 was required, compared to RTX. In vivo efficacy was studied through bioluminescent imaging of luciferase+ CD20-transgenic T cells. After transfer of CD20+ cells in immune deficient RAG2−/−gamma c−/− mice, both CD20 antibodies were capable of eliminating &gt;99% of CD20+ cells, prolonging survival of mice from 20 till 42 days. In conclusion, we developed a safe vector that leads to homogeneous and stable expression of CD20 on human T cells. These cells can be killed effectively in vivo with HuMab 7D8, a recently developed CD20 antibody. This system will be applicable to other approaches that require inclusion of a safety switch in ex vivo modified cells.
The Case for a Hybrid Approach to Diagnosis: A Railway Switch. (2015)

Behavioral models are at the core of FaultDetection and Isolation (FDI) and Model-Based Diagnosis (MBD) methods. In some practical applications, however, building and validating such models may not always be possible, or only partially validated models can be obtained. In this paper we present a diagnosis solution when only a partially validated model is available. The solution uses a fault-augmented physics-based model to extract meaningful behavioral features corresponding to the normal and abnormal behavior. These features together with experimental training data are used to build a data-driven statistical model used for classifying the behavior of the system based on observations. We apply this approach for a railway switch diagnosis problem.
Clofarabine combined with etoposide and cyclophosphamide for refractory and multiple relapsed childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an experience of the Polish Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (2020)

Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications.
Computational normal mode analysis accurately replicates the activity and specificity profiles of CRISPR-Cas9 and high-fidelity variants (2022)

The CRISPR-Cas system has transformed the field of gene-editing and created opportunities for novel genome engineering therapeutics. The field has significantly progressed, and recently, CRISPR-Cas9 was utilized in clinical trials to target disease-causing mutations. Existing tools aim to predict the on-target efficacy and potential genome-wide off-targets by scoring a particular gRNA according to an array of gRNA design principles or machine learning algorithms based on empirical results of large numbers of gRNAs. However, such tools are unable to predict the editing outcome by variant Cas enzymes and can only assess potential off-targets related to reference genomes. Here, we employ normal mode analysis (NMA) to investigate the structure of the Cas9 protein complexed with its gRNA and target DNA and explore the function of the protein. Our results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of NMA to predict the activity and specificity of SpyCas9 in the presence of mismatches by comparison to empirical data. Furthermore, despite the absence of their exact structures, this method accurately predicts the enzymatic activity of known high-fidelity engineered Cas9 variants.
A Split-Split-Plot Design of Experiments for Foil Lidding of Contact Lens Packages (2010)

ABSTRACT A split-split-plot design of experiments was applied to evaluate foil lidding for contact lens packages through the determination of the effect of the seal parameters to the peel behavior of the package. The experimental design structure was not completely randomized because of the lengthy time involved in temperature equilibration and the practicality of changing pressure. The quality of the package seal was evaluated by measuring continuous peel force and by classifying peel type as a categorical response. The significance and sensitivity level of the seal parameters were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA)-based sensitivity analysis. Graphical and statistical model–based optimization determined that several sets of seal parameters were possible to optimize peel force, produce a robust seal–peel process, and minimize possibility of either leak or delamination.
Enhanced data exchange capabilities for M2M applications (2015)

Machine-to-Machine Service Architecture is being developed and standardized to build a universal horizontal integration platform for many devices and domains. Related visions such as Smart Home, Smart Cities and Intelligent Transportation Systems are realized by distributed M2M applications. Thusly, adequate data exchange capabilities are significant, since the ability to tailor the actual data exchange to the requirements of the use-case directly relates to the resulting network requirements. This paper investigates the status quo of data exchange and interworking of M2M applications and devices based on an automotive scenario. This motivates enhancements; in particular data-dependent filter criteria for subscribe/notify mechanism including local aggregation and harmonization of different subscriptions on the same resource. Lastly, two alternative approaches to implement these enhancements are presented and discussed.
A B0 shift correction method based on edge RMS reduction for EPI fMRI (2000)

Shifting of echoplanar images (EPI) in the phase-encoding direction during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments can be observed due to B(0) drift. These shifts can cause artifacts in functional activation maps that can be corrected using a navigator echo (NE) technique, but the NE correction requires pulse sequence modifications not available on many clinical systems. A fast, postprocessing correction method based on edge root-mean-square error reduction (ERMSR) is introduced and shown to provide an equivalent correction. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000;12:956-959.
Regulation of gene expression by the immunoproteasome (P5049) (2013)

Abstract Background: Proteasomes play crucial roles in regulating fundamental cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. Catalytic subunits β1, β2 and β5 of the proteasome are replaced by LMP2, MECL-1 and LMP7 to form the immunoproteasome (IPr). We have shown that the IPr modulates mRNA levels of several clusters of genes in dendritic cells, but the precise mechanism by which it regulates gene expression is unknown. Results: By comparing transcriptome of Lmp7+/+/Mecl1+/+ (WT) and Lmp7-/-/Mecl1-/- (dKO) thymocytes by microarray, we found that the IPr affects the expression of 50 transcripts. The genes source of these transcripts are clustered in the genome, and are enriched in cell cycle-associated functions. Moreover, an overlap of 2% is seen by comparing with transcripts modulated by the IPr in dendritic cells. Chymotrypsin-like activity is higher in dKO than in WT cells, due to β5 overexpression. Furthermore, ubiquitinated proteins levels are similar between WT and dKO cells whereas free ubiquitin is lower in dKO cells. We next investigated levels of ubiquitin on histones, since it represent an important reservoir of ubiquitin and it can regulate transcriptional activity. Our results show that H2B, but not H2A, ubiquitination is increased in dKO cells. Conclusion: The effect of IPr on transcription is tissue-specific and could be due to increased ubiquitinated H2B levels. While proteasomes clearly regulate transcription, the impact of IPr on transcription has never been investigated.
El poder terapéutico de las esferas de ADN (2020)

Los acidos nucleicos esfericos son un novedoso tipo de nanofarmacos constituidos por hebras de ADN o ARN que se disponen en forma de esfera. Actuan especificamente sobre las celulas alteradas responsables de una enfermedad al unirse a las secuencias geneticas concretas que la desencadenan. 
A diferencia de los farmacos a base de acidos nucleicos lineales, los esfericos tienen mas posibilidades de interaccionar con los receptores de las celulas que les permiten introducirse en ellas, donde se uniran a los ADN o ARN de interes. 
Al poder llegar a cualquier parte del organismo, los acidos esfericos nucleicos tienen la posibilidad de convertirse en tratamientos para algunas de las enfermedades mas graves, como los tumores cerebrales.
NC-13 * CRANIAL RADIATION ENCOMPASSING THE GENU IS ASSOCIATED WITH NEURO-PSYCHOLOGICAL SEQUELAE IN CHILDREN: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING (DTI) AND PROTON MR SPECTROSCOPY (MRS) (2014)

PURPOSE: This study examines white matter integrity as measured by DTI and proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) and their associations with region specific radiation dose and neuropsychological functioning in children treated with cranial irradiation. METHODS: 20 patients and 34 age-& sex-matched controls participated. MRS and DTI and neuropsychological assessment were conducted at baseline, 6, 15, 27 months (times 1-4) following RT and compared to a single visit in controls. Neuro-psychological battery included
Practical and efficient experimental characterization of multiqubit stabilizer states (2015)

Vast developments in quantum technology have enabled the preparation of quantum states with more than a dozen entangled qubits. The full characterization of such systems demands distinct constructions depending on their specific type and the purpose of their use. Here we present a method that scales linearly with the number of qubits for characterizing stabilizer states. Our approach allows simultaneous extraction of information about the fidelity, the entanglement, and the nonlocality of the state and thus is of high practical relevance. We demonstrate the efficient applicability of our method by performing an experimental characterization of a photonic four-qubit cluster state and three- and four-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Our scheme can be directly extended to larger-scale quantum information tasks.
#6875 COMPLICATIONS AND TREATMENT OF HYPERCALCIURIA IN FAMILIAL HYPERKALAEMIC HYPERTENSION (FHHT) (2023)

Abstract Background and Aims Hypertension is frequently associated with hypercalciuria1, nephrolithiasis2 and low bone mineral density. Familial Hyperkalaemic Hypertension (FHHt) causes hypercalciuria3, although complications of this are not reported. Method We examined a cohort of 9 patients with genetically confirmed FHHt. Biochemical, radiological, and clinical data was obtained in patients before and after thiazide treatment. All patients gave informed consent. The study had ethics committee approval. Data were compared using paired t tests. Results 5 of the 9 patients were female (median age 41.7 years). The genetic diagnosis was confirmed in all patients, 5 patients had variants in KLHL3, 3 patients had variants of WNK4, and one had a variant of WNK1 (Table 1). Pre-treatment potassium was high (median 5.6 IQR 5.2-6.2 mmol/L). Pre-treatment calcium was in the normal range (2.34 IQR 2.29-2.38 mmol/L). There was significant hypercalciuria with a raised urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (0.69 IQR 0.41-1.13). However, PTH (4 IQR 3.95-4.35 pmol/L), phosphate (1.15 IQR 1.25mmol/L) and alkaline phosphatase (57 IQR 45-84 mmol/L) were all in the normal range. Thiazide treatment significantly reduced hypercalciuria (calcium/creatinine ratio 0.15 IQR 0.05-0.29 p = 0.04) as well as the serum potassium (3.9 IQR 3.5-4.4 mmol/L p = 0.0167) (Table 1). Patients also developed complications of hypercalciuria. 3 patients had kidney stones demonstrated on cross-sectional imaging (Figure 1). One of these patients (male, 30 years old) had DXA criteria for osteoporosis (T score Femoral neck -1.5, lumbar spine -2.4). Conclusion This is the first case series to demonstrate complications of hypercalciuria (i.e. kidney stones) in patients with FHHt. We demonstrate that thiazide treatment normalises urinary calcium excretion. Thiazide treatment may have clinical utility in FHHt even if hypertension or hyperkalaemia are not problematic in order to avoid the complications of hypercalciuria.
Large Displacement Out-Of-Plane Bimorph Actuator for Optical Application (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.