gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulating the straylight effects of cataracts (2006)

The BPM 2 filter is a good early-cataract-simulating filter. Stacking such filters is a good way to increase the cataract density. A drawback is that the BPM 2 filter has a transmission of 66% so stacking filters reduces the overall transmission significantly.
Cyclic Carbodiphosphoranes: Strongly Nucleophilic σ‐Donor Ligands (2006)

Electron-rich mononuclear complexes of palladium(II) and rhodium(I) were obtained in good yields from dinuclear precursors and a bulky cyclic carbodiphosphorane ligand (see scheme). Their molecular structures show very long MC distances in agreement with single bonds; that is, the carbodiphosphorane acts as a two-electron σ-donor ligand without π backdonation from the metal center. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z504396_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
ChemInform Abstract: Dopant‐Induced Metal‐Support Interactions. Part 1. Influence on Chemisorptive Behavior. (1987)

Abstract TiO 2 supports doped with KNO 3 , MgO, GeO 2 , WO 3 , Sb 2 O 5 , or Ta 2 O 5 have been used as carriers for Pt crystallites in order to investigate the concept of dopant‐induced metal‐support interactions.
Spectral response of splice loss in photonic crystal fibers (2004)

The effective index method has been used to obtain a spectral response of splice loss in photonic crystal fibers. The dependence of loss on geometrical parameters of PCFs is shown. The splicing of two butt coupled PCFs is also reported.
Synthesis, Passivation, and Stabilization of Nanoparticles, Nanorods, and Nanowires by Microwave Irradiation (2008)

In this chapter, we present several examples of the synthesis of high quality, nearly monodisperse passivated nano-structures of controlled size and shape. Specifically, we focus on the synthesis of II-VI semiconductors, TiO2, rare earth oxides, CeO2, metal and metal oxide nanostructures.
Discovery of novel dual inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and IGF-1R (2017)

Novel 4-benzylamino benzo-anellated pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines have been synthesized with varied substitution patterns both at the molecular scaffold of the benzo-anellated ring and at the 4-benzylamino residue. With a structural similarity to substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, we characterized the inhibition of EGFR for our novel compounds. As receptor heterodimerization gained certain interest as mechanism of cancer cells to become resistant against novel protein kinase inhibitors, we additionally measured the inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor IGF-1R which is a prominent receptor for such heterodimerizations with EGFR. Structure-activity relationships are discussed for both kinase inhibitions depending on the varied substitution patterns. We discovered novel dual inhibitors of both receptor tyrosine kinases with interest for further studies to reduce inhibitor resistance developments in cancer treatment.
New p32/gC1qR Ligands for Targeted Tumor Drug Delivery (2016)

Cell surface p32, the target of LyP-1 homing peptide, is upregulated in tumors and atherosclerotic plaques and has been widely used as a receptor for systemic delivery of payloads. Here, we identified an improved LyP-1-mimicking peptide (TT1, CKRGARSTC). We used this peptide in a fluorescence polarization-based high-throughput screening of a 50,000-compound chemical library and identified a panel of compounds that bind p32 with low micromolar affinity. Among the hits identified in the screen, two compounds were shown to specifically bind to p32 in multiple assays. One of these compounds was chosen for an in vivo study. Nanoparticles surface-functionalized with this compound specifically adhered to surfaces coated with recombinant p32 and, when injected intravenously, homed to p32-expressing breast tumors in mice. This compound provides a lead for the development of p32-targeted affinity ligands that circumvent some of the limitations of peptide-based probes in guided drug delivery.
The CDB/HCDB semiconductor wafer representation server (1993)

The chip database (CDB) and the hierarchical chip database (HCDB) and their uses in a wafer representation server are described. The server provides data types and methods for hierarchically representing the three-dimensional geometry and fields of a semiconductor wafer during process, device, and yield simulation. The basic database data types and the general attribute mechanism have been used to create database extensions. These extensions implement operations frequently used by process and device simulation models. The combination of the databases and extensions forms a CDB/HCDG server that greatly reduces the effort required to create new statistical process, device, and yield simulation models. Examples of using the server to implement new models are described. Performance data demonstrate that the server is fast enough for use by analytical models during statistical simulation of macrocells, and is able to meet the representation needs of numerical simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Results of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for the correction of myopia at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center: 1993</title> (1994)

This report summarizes the authors' 3-year experience with excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) on 240 eyes of 161 patients. With constant laser emission parameters, nitrogen (N2) flow across the cornea was used on 79 eyes while 161 eyes had no N2 flow. 74 eyes were operated on without fixation with a suction ring. Postoperative pain management included patching and oral analgesics in 77 eyes and the use of topical Diclofenac or Ketorolac, and a therapeutic soft contact lens in 163 eyes. Follow up ranged from 1 month (206 eyes) to 36 months (10 eyes).
Meta-Scheduling for the Wireless Downlink Through Learning With Bandit Feedback (2021)

In this paper, we study learning-assisted multi-user scheduling for the wireless downlink. There have been many scheduling algorithms developed that optimize for a plethora of performance metrics; however a systematic approach across diverse performance metrics and deployment scenarios is still lacking. We address this by developing a meta-scheduler – given a diverse collection of schedulers, we develop a learning-based overlay algorithm (meta-scheduler) that selects that “best” scheduler from amongst these for each deployment scenario. More formally, we develop a multi-armed bandit (MAB) framework for meta-scheduling that assigns and adapts a score for each scheduler to maximize reward (e.g., mean delay, timely throughput etc.). The meta-scheduler is based on a variant of the Upper Confidence Bound algorithm (UCB), but adapted to interrupt the queuing dynamics at the base-station so as to filter out schedulers that might render the system unstable. We show that the algorithm has a poly-logarithmic regret in the expected reward with respect to a genie that chooses the optimal scheduler for each scenario. Finally through simulation, we show that the meta-scheduler learns the choice of the scheduler to best adapt to the deployment scenario (e.g. load conditions, performance metrics).
Photochemical properties of a myoglobin–CdTe quantum dot conjugate (2012)

A myoglobin-cadmium telluride quantum dot conjugate was constructed using an artificial heme modified with a thiol moiety as a linker. Irradiation of the myoglobin-cadmium telluride conjugate generated the photoreduced ferrous myoglobin via an electron transfer from the photoexcited quantum dot, leading to the formation of CO-bound myoglobin under a CO atmosphere.
How to "Sell" Your Paper to a Peer-reviewed Journal. (2016)

status: Published
Field emission from nanotubes and flakes of transition metal dichalcogenides (2020)

Transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2 and WS2 are low-dimensional semiconductor materials. MoS2 and WS2 nanotubes and flakes were grown by a chemical transport reaction under a temperature gradient. I2 was used as a transport agent for previously synthesized MoS2 and WS2, respectively. These multilayered nanotubes are indirect bandgap semiconductors with a bandgap depending on their diameter. WS2 flakes were prepared by the sulfurization of thin WOx flakes. To increase the field enhancement of such low-dimensional structures by a higher aspect ratio, two approaches were examined: (a) the MoS2 and WS2 nanotubes were attached individually by a focused ion beam with Pt on dry etched n-type Si pillars and (b) the WS2 flakes were grown directly on the surface of the (n-type and p-type) Si pillars. Integral field emission measurements were performed in a diode configuration with a 50 μm mica spacer in a vacuum chamber at pressures of about 10−9 mbar. At a voltage of 900 V (18 MV/m), the integral emission current from the nanotubes is up to 11 μA for the lateral mounted MoS2 and about 1.3 μA (1.0 μA) for the upright mounted WS2 (MoS2). The onset voltage for a current of 1 nA is about 550 V for MoS2 and 500 V for WS2, respectively. The voltage conversion factor is in the range of 6 × 104–8 × 104 cm−1 for the nanotubes. The mounted MoS2 flakes show a field emission current of about 6 μA at 18 MV/m in contrast to the directly grown WS2 flakes, which show a pronounced saturation regime and, therefore, a lower emission current of about 0.5 μA is reached at 1500 V (25 MV/m). The WS2 flakes show a two times higher (1 × 105 cm−1) voltage conversion factor in comparison to the MoS2 flakes (5 × 104 cm−1). The extracted characteristics of the current-limiting part show a difference in the behavior of the extracted current-limiting characteristics between the lateral (linear) and upright mounted (exponential) nanotubes and the MoS2 flakes. In contrast, the WS2 flakes show charge carrier depletion effects.
Abstract 102: A longitudinal, orthotopic mouse imaging model using modified hNIS-A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells and SPECT/CT imaging (2014)

Abstract The human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS; SLC5A5) is a membrane glycoprotein that is a transporter for iodide uptake and also concentrates the radiotracer technetium 99mTc-pertechnetate (99mTc). In this study, we investigated the use of hNIS as an imaging reporter gene expressed in lung cancer cells in nude mice that can be quantified using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. The radionuclide 99mTc was selected for its rapid clearance from the body and its short physical half-life (i.e., 6 hours). These characteristics allowed for the development a highly sensitive spatial and temporal tumor-imaging model. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were genetically modified using plasmid and lentiviral vectors to stably express hNIS. Using these modified cells, we monitored xenograft and orthotopic tumor growth using SPECT/CT for a total of 47 days. hNIS expression was quantified using qPCR and tumor progression was monitored by SPECT voxel analysis and validated using H&amp;E staining of pulmonary tumors. hNIS-lentiviral vector tumors exhibited significant 99mTc uptake over hNIS-plasmid vector cells and A549 unmodified control cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, this mouse study achieved a 100% orthotopic tumor take rate. Thus, a highly sensitive preclinical imaging mouse lung cancer model was developed. This model can be imaged longitudinally, which is made possible through the stable incorporation of hNIS into the tumor cell, allowing for 99mTc uptake and SPECT/CT analysis of tumor burden. In future studies, we will investigate whether chemotherapeutic regimens can effectively reduce the growth of hNIS-expressing A549 tumors over time using this preclinical in vivo model. This novel lung cancer animal model could significantly reduce animal numbers, improve the quality of data by avoiding inter-animal variation, and allow for longitudinal analysis and efficacy of experimental chemotherapeutics. Citation Format: Amber Alane McBride, Dominique Nicole Price, Jeffrey P. Norenberg, Debra A. MacKenzie, Todd Anthony Thompson, Pavan Muttil. A longitudinal, orthotopic mouse imaging model using modified hNIS-A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells and SPECT/CT imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 102. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-102
Synthesis and characterization of a new polymer containing an electron accepting perfluoro group (1998)

Poly{oxy-4,4′-octafluorobiphenylyleneoxy-alt-[1,4-phenylenevinylene(3-trimethylsilyl-1,4-phenylene)vinylene-1,4-phenylene]} (PFSi) was synthesized and characterized to investigate its thermal, optical, electrical and xerographic properties. An LED (light emitting device) using PFSi as the light emitting layer exhibits maximum emission for blue light, but a high turn-on voltage. The origin of the low device performance was examined by investigating the photoconducting behavior. PFSi shows a high photoconductivity in the presence of electron acceptors such as 5-nitroanthranilonitrile (5NAN), and the photoconductivity of PFSi is improved by introducing charge transport materials such as triphenylamine (TPA).
Correction to “Optimum Torque Control of Permanent-Magnet AC Machines in the Field-Weakened Region” (2005)

The authors give the correct version of a table published in a previous article (see ibid., vol.41, no.4, p.1020-8, Jul./Aug. 2005.
Retrospective study in U.S. commercial sorghum breeding: III. Nitrogen internal efficiency (2022)

Abstract Retrospective studies are critical to investigate changes in physiological traits related to nitrogen (N) uptake and yield formation. N is a key yield‐limiting nutrient in sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), as in most crops, so improving its N internal efficiency (NIE, yield to N uptake ratio) could increase productivity and sustainability. Understanding changes in N efficiency across time linked to carbon (C) economy can provide insights for future breeding targets. This study aims to characterize N and C dynamics (via studying changes in water‐soluble carbohydrates, WSC) of 20 commercial U.S. sorghum hybrids released from 1963 to 2017. Field trials were conducted during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons in Riley County, KS. Seasonal changes in biomass accumulation, N uptake, and WSC were characterized during both vegetative and reproductive periods. Modern hybrids had greater NIE compared with those from the 1960s. Overall, beyond the yield gain documented for modern sorghum hybrids, the NIE increased at the expense of a reduction in grain N and, in minor proportion, due to increase in the N harvest index (NHI) at maturity for newer relative to older hybrids. Newer hybrids evidenced greater N remobilization from the stover to the grains during the reproductive period. This study demonstrates the physiological mechanisms for an increase in N and C utilization behind yield genetic gain for sorghum hybrids. Future yield gain in sorghum could be pursued by enhancing N uptake to sustain further genetic progress.
ChemInform Abstract: 2′,3′‐Anhydrouridine. A Useful Synthetic Intermediate. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Coinfusion of dextrose‐containing fluids and red blood cells does not adversely affect in vitro red blood cell quality (2014)

In vitro characteristics of RBCs coinfused with 0.9% saline or D10W were not adversely impacted. When developing clinical studies in neonates, we recommend use of D10W and a transfusion apparatus that minimizes the contact volume of the coinfusate with the RBC.
Iterative LMMSE Channel Estimation, Detection, and Decoding with A Priori Information for ST-BICM Systems over Block Fading Channels (2009)

Recently, researches on space-time codes deploying multiple transmit and receive antennas have abruptly emerged due to its potential to greatly improve spectral efficiency. Particularly, space-time bit-interleaved coded modulation (ST-BICM) gives rise to very reliable bit error rate (BER) performance with quite flexible rate compatibility. In this paper, we propose an iterative linear minimum-mean-squared-error (LMMSE) channel estimation, detection, and decoding for ST-BICM systems over block fading channels in order to resolve more practical problems concerned with the performance degradation due to imperfect channel state information (CSI). The LMMSE channel estimation and detection are performed using a priori information fed back from the soft-input / soft-output (SISO) channel decoder in a computational efficient manner. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of our proposed algorithm approaches to the matched filter bound (MFB) with an SNR loss of less than 1 dB at BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> , and its convergence of behavior is presented with the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts.
Algorithms for efficient state space search (2001)

State space exploration has many applications including verifying safety properties, analysis of third-party RTL code to understand its behavior, generating tests to satisfy missing coverage, and justifying the reachability of a given state for a combinational equivalence checker. Unfortunately, state explosion is a common problem when exploring large designs. In practice, complete state space exploration, which would otherwise give a guarantee of correctness, is nearly impossible even for designs with a few hundred state elements. We focus on three strategies that address the problem of efficiently searching the state space of synchronous digital hardware designs starting from a designated initial state. 
Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) have been widely used in symbolic search strategies. Though BDDs are canonical, their size is critically dependent on variable ordering and the type of the functions they represent. We propose the use of a multi-level functional hashing scheme to a noncanonical two-input AND/INVERTER graph representation. Using this scheme, we could identify and eliminate on-the-fly a significant amount of functional redundancy in the graph; thereby allowing an efficient representation of circuits and Boolean expressions. Moreover, such representation is significantly less sensitive to the order in which it is built. We show that such representation outperforms previous noncanonical representation in combinational verification and increases the efficiency for Boolean reasoning. 
A simulation-based search strategy is simple and scales well but suffers from low design space coverage. Symbolic simulation, on the other hand, simulates a design over the complete input space. Previous approaches based on BDDs suffer from space-outs; while SAT-based approaches have been found fairly robust. We propose a SAT-based symbolic simulation algorithm using the AND/INVERTER graph representation. Experimental results on large examples show the effectiveness of the proposed technique over previous approaches. Using our approach we found real bugs in industrial designs which were previously undetected. 
Partial state exploration using guided techniques has become a subject of wide research. Guided state space search can use “state score-boarding” to guide the search towards the target states. We propose a rarity-based metric and several techniques based on that for state prioritization. We also propose techniques—target prioritization and on-the-fly lighthouse selection—based on “latch inertia” that lead to increased search efficiency. Coverage results on the large industrial designs show the effectiveness of these approaches. 
We integrated the proposed approaches in a framework SIVA that provides a robust and scalable alternative to complete verification of synchronous hardware designs. It enhances simulation-based search with symbolic algorithms for coverage-directed state space exploration. It provides a platform for future research.
Two C-Methylated Flavonoid Glycosides from the Roots of Sophora leachiana (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo C-Methylated Flavonoid Glycosides from the Roots of Sophora leachianaMunekazu Iinuma, Mosayoshi Ohyama, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Mizuo Mizuno, and Frank A. LangCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1991, 54, 4, 1144–1146Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50076a042https://doi.org/10.1021/np50076a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genomic innovations, transcriptional plasticity and gene loss underlying the evolution and divergence of two highly polyphagous and invasive Helicoverpa pest species (2017)

The extreme polyphagy of the two heliothines is associated with extensive amplification and neofunctionalisation of genes involved in host finding and use, coupled with versatile transcriptional responses on different hosts. H. armigera's invasion of the Americas in recent years means that hybridisation could generate populations that are both locally adapted and insecticide resistant.
Directed acoustic shearography (2010)

Modern vehicles use modern materials, including multiple metallic layers, composites, and ceramics. This has led to significant improvements in quality, reliability, and lifetime, at the cost of significantly increased complexity. It is particularly difficult to test these modern materials for buried defects such as internal corrosion, glue/weld failures, and disbonds, yet these defects can lead to damage and even failure of the part. As one tool in the array of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies, we report on Directed Acoustic Shearography (DAS), which combines the sensitivity of shearography with the speed of ultrasonic imaging, and adds improved depth resolution. We show that DAS is particularly useful in detecting buried defects in modern materials, how it lends itself to automation, and present early tests of DAS detecting buried defects as small as 1/32 inch in a multilayer aluminum structure.
Prevalence and correlates of coronary microvascular dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: PROMIS-HFpEF (2018)

PROMIS-HFpEF is the first prospective multi-centre, multinational study to demonstrate a high prevalence of CMD in HFpEF in the absence of unrevascularized macrovascular CAD, and to show its association with systemic endothelial dysfunction (RHI, UACR) as well as markers of HF severity (NTproBNP and RV dysfunction). Microvascular dysfunction may be a promising therapeutic target in HFpEF.