gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanosac, a Noncationic and Soft Polyphenol Nanocapsule, Enables Systemic Delivery of siRNA to Solid Tumors (2021)

For systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to solid tumors, the carrier must circulate avoiding premature degradation, extravasate and penetrate tumors, enter target cells, traffic to the intracellular destination, and release siRNA for gene silencing. However, existing siRNA carriers, which typically exhibit positive charges, fall short of these requirements by a large margin; thus, systemic delivery of siRNA to tumors remains a significant challenge. To overcome the limitations of existing approaches, we have developed a carrier of siRNA, called "Nanosac", a noncationic soft polyphenol nanocapsule. A siRNA-loaded Nanosac is produced by sequential coating of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with siRNA and polydopamine, followed by removal of the sacrificial MSN core. The Nanosac recruits serum albumin, co-opts caveolae-mediated endocytosis to enter tumor cells, and efficiently silences target genes. The softness of Nanosac improves extravasation and penetration into tumors compared to its hard counterpart. As a carrier of siRNA targeting PD-L1, Nanosac induces a significant attenuation of CT26 tumor growth by immune checkpoint blockade. These results support the utility of Nanosac in the systemic delivery of siRNA for solid tumor therapy.
Synthesis of Symmetrical and Non‐Symmetrical Bivalent Neurotransmitter Ligands (2016)

Abstract A novel procedure for synthesis of bivalent neurotransmitter ligands was developed by reacting O ‐benzyl protected N ‐nosylated dopamine and serotonin with alkyl‐ or PEG‐linked diols under Fukuyama‐Mitsunobu conditions in the presence of DIAD/PPh 3 generating three different bivalent neurotransmitter ligands in a one‐pot reaction. The methodology establishes a facile route towards bivalent neurotransmitter ligands, and libraries of in total 40 symmetrical and non‐symmetrical bivalent and monovalent dopamine and serotonin compounds linked through alkyl or PEG spacers of varying length were prepared. Interestingly, attempted synthesis of an O ‐ tert ‐butyl analogue of the N ‐nosylated serotonin precursor resulted in unexpected tert‐ butylations at the 1‐, 2‐ and 6‐positions of the indole skeleton. We found that upscaling of selected bivalent serotonin ligands was most efficiently performed via N,O ‐bis‐nosyl‐serotonin since global de‐nosylation was carried out as a final step after Fukuyama‐Mitsunobu dimerization.
1203 Worth The Weight: Weighted Blanket Improves Sleep And Increases Relaxation (2020)

Abstract Introduction Weighted blankets are designed to create deep touch pressure stimulation, to simulate the feeling of being held or hugged. The deep pressure provided by a weighted blanket, along with consistent sensory input from its weight, is thought to work by lowering stress and reducing physiological arousal, thereby improving sleep. We tested whether a weighted blanket would improve sleep. Methods 30 participants with objectively measured sleep onset and sleep maintenance issues participated in a 6-week field study, using a non-counterbalanced pre-post intervention design. Intervention consisted of the use of a weighted blanket every night at home. The blanket was filled with microbeads and weighed approximately 10 percent of each participant’s body weight. Sleep was measured objectively using ResMed S+ every night and by daily self-report. Paired t-tests and multilevel regression were used to test for statistical significance. Results Objective sleep data from the 28 participants who completed all study requirements showed 7% improvement of Wake After Sleep Onset, 2% decrease in Light Sleep, and slight improvement in Sleep Efficiency (1.5%) and Sleep Maintenance (1.4%) during intervention (all ps &amp;lt; 0.05). Additionally, participants felt they fell asleep faster (13% faster), experienced better sleep quality (14% better), felt more rested in the morning (17% more rested), and felt they slept better through the night without waking up (36% improvement). They also reported feeling 13% less stressed at bedtime and 17% more relaxed while trying to fall asleep. Conclusion Using a weighted blanket reduces self-reported feelings of stress, enhances feelings of relaxation, and can improve sleep and reduce time awake at night in people with sleep onset and sleep maintenance issues. Support Gravity Blanket
Post-translational Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) by Estrogens in the Rat Vagina (2010)

These results define novel estrogen signaling mechanisms in the vagina which involve eNOS phosphorylation and eNOS-caveolin-1 interaction.
Diffusion-less junctions and super halo profiles for PMOS transistors formed by SPER and FUSI gate in 45 nm physical gate length devices (2005)

This paper reports on the successful integration of truly diffusion-less (less-than-650/spl deg/C) junction formation by SPER in pMOSFETs in combination with Ni-FUSI gates for the first time. The obtained drive currents are 355 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m for an off-state of 10 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m at Vdd= -1.2V and 1.4nm EOT SiON. We demonstrate that the gate de-activation problem associated with SPER is effectively solved by the use of the FUSI gate electrode. Super halo profiles are obtained with SPER, which opens up the halo design space for accurate SCE control. The junction leakage is greatly reduced by engineering the damage region away from the junction depletion region.
Metabolic modulation in heart failure: high time for a definitive clinical trial (2011)

In developed countries the prevalence of heart failure (HF) is approximately 2% rising to approximately 10% in those greater than 70 years of age. Systolic HF, occurring in more than half of all HF patients, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and, in the USA, constitutes Medicare's biggest expenditure (driven by inpatient care) at an annual cost in excess of US$39.2 billion. The standard of care has been influenced by three decades of randomised trials extolling the benefits of lifestyle modification, pharmacological therapies (ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, β-blockers, spironolactone and hydralazine–isosorbide dinitrate), implantable devices and, in a minority of cases, surgery. The success of these therapies is exemplified by the observation that HF mortality has declined by approximately a third from the 1950s to the 1990s. Despite this success, mortality rates for HF are approximately 20% and 40–54% at 1 year and 5 years, respectively.1 The persisting human and financial cost attributable to HF and the disappointing results of trials with drugs modulating promising pathways (eg, endothelin receptor blockers and anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy) mandates the identification of novel pathways and strategies for its treatment.

The putative role for myocardial energetic deficiency in the pathogenesis of HF,2 and the consequent rationale for treating this energy deficiency clinically by metabolic modulation using 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase inhibition (eg, trimetazidine), late sodium current inhibition (eg, ranolazine) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase inhibition (eg, perhexiline) is increasingly recognised.3 In their article published in this issue …
The dusty tori of nearby QSOs as constrained by high-resolution mid-IR observations (2017)

We present mid-infrared (MIR; 7.5-13.5 mu m) imaging and spectroscopy observations obtained with the CanariCam (CC) instrument on the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio CANARIAS for a sample of 20 nearby, MIR bright and X-ray luminous quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). We
The significance of energy storage for renewable energy generation and the role of instrumentation and measurement (2014)

Energy storage is not a new concept but is gaining importance in the context of the energy transition paradigm. It is expected to play a key role in future electric power systems as the growing development of renewable energy resources and their increasing share in the energy mix introduce significant challenges to the existing power grid due to the high variability of these sources and loads. With competitive energy storage, it will be possible to introduce more flexibility in the electrical system.
Transparent SOC: on-chip analyzing techniques and implementation for embedded processor (2004)

An on-chip analysis technique for SOC, which enables system performance to be improved, was developed. The key to this technique is the synchronized analysis of the whole SOC. This is made possible by a circuit structure in which small circuits for analysis are distributed at points on the SOC to be analyzed, and these circuits operate in synchronization through a special network. Benchmarks for multimedia operations (including MPEG encoding) show that this analysis enables us to improve system performance by 17% with minimum trial-and-error. In addition, it was confirmed that the negative impact on chip area when applying this technique is very small. And it is concluded that SOC design time can be shortened during the system-development stage by using this technique.
Human Centric Engine and Its Evolution toward Web Services (2013)

Through the development of Raku-Raku PHONEs, Fujitsu has been involved in the development of unique technologies to realize a user-friendly interface in terms of “seeing, hearing and talking.” It has also been developing original sensing technology for monitoring the user by using sensors integrated in mobile phones. These technologies are restructured to form a Human Centric Engine (HCE) system that is dedicated for smartphones. Further, the HCE-LSI concept has been introduced to achieve low-power consumption and high-performance profiles. HCE not only offers ultimate user-friendliness differentiating the brand from those of other venders but also assumes an important strategic role in supporting the Human-Centric Intelligent Society advocated by Fujitsu as a ubiquitous front-end. In this paper, we will introduce the superiority of our mobile products by describing the objectives of HCE and summarizing the functions to be integrated in the smartphones. We will also describe the development of our service portfolio using HCE.
Salvaging the Infected Breast Tissue Expander: A Standardized Multidisciplinary Approach (2016)

Our same-day multidisciplinary diagnostic and treatment algorithm not only yielded a TE salvage rate higher than those previously reported but also decreased the rate of hospitalization, decreased overall costs, and identified several clinical scenarios in which TE explantation was likely.
Rare Disease Genes—Lessons and Challenges (1997)

The fiercest competition in the field of human genetics takes place in the area of genetic diseases that are common at the population level-this is primarily attributable to the potential commercial utilization of emerging data. However, dissection of the molecular background of many extremely rare diseases has proven to be highly useful for the detailed characterization of cellular dysfunction and the identification of novel metabolic pathways, broadening our understanding of biological processes in general. This information has largely been obtained from research carried out in populations with exceptional enrichment of a given disease (Fig.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3‐Substituted Pyridinium Salts. (2016)

Abstract The 3‐substituted piperidine products are formed in low to moderate yields and with moderate to high enantioselectivity.
Hardware for machine learning: Challenges and opportunities (2018)

Machine learning plays a critical role in extracting meaningful information out of the zetabytes of sensor data collected every day. For some applications, the goal is to analyze and understand the data to identify trends (e.g., surveillance, portable/wearable electronics); in other applications, the goal is to take immediate action based the data (e.g., robotics/drones, self-driving cars, smart Internet of Things). For many of these applications, local embedded processing near the sensor is preferred over the cloud due to privacy or latency concerns, or limitations in the communication bandwidth. However, at the sensor there are often stringent constraints on energy consumption and cost in addition to throughput and accuracy requirements. Furthermore, flexibility is often required such that the processing can be adapted for different applications or environments (e.g., update the weights and model in the classifier). In many applications, machine learning often involves transforming the input data into a higher dimensional space, which, along with programmable weights, increases data movement and consequently energy consumption. In this paper, we will discuss how these challenges can be addressed at various levels of hardware design ranging from architecture, hardware-friendly algorithms, mixed-signal circuits, and advanced technologies (including memories and sensors).
Analog‐to‐Digital ESD Design Synthesis (2014)

This chapter addresses signal line ESD failures in digital and analog domains where they are required to be decoupled due to noise. ESD solutions between the ground connections include coupling using resistors and diode elements, as well as third-party functional blocks. ESD solutions along the signal lines include the ground connections as well as the ESD networks on the signal lines that cross the digital-to-analog domain.
Joint Sampling and Recovery of Correlated Sources (2019)

Sampling enables physical signals to be processed using digital hardware. When multiple signals are sampled, the spatial correlation between them may be utilized to reduce the overall reconstruction error. In this work we study joint sampling and reconstruction of multiple correlated stochastic sources, exploiting their correlation to improve recovery. We derive the achievable reconstruction error and the corresponding sampling system for arbitrary sampling rates and spectral structures. The proposed system minimizes the error when sampling below the Nyquist rate by preserving only the most dominant spatial eigenmodes aliased to each frequency. Using this characterization, we obtain sufficient conditions for error free recovery. We also discuss a distributed sampling setting, where each signal is acquired separately, while reconstruction is performed jointly. We characterize conditions under which distributed sampling performs as well as joint sampling. Our numerical results illustrate that joint sampling can achieve negligible reconstruction error using low sampling rates when the signals exhibit notable spatial correlation, and demonstrate that properly exploiting this correlation can dramatically improve reconstruction accuracy.
Hybrid FM-polynomial phase signal modeling: parameter estimation and performance analysis (2002)

Parameter estimation for a combination of a polynomial phase signal (PPS) and a frequency modulated (FM) signal is addressed. A novel approach is proposed that allows one to decouple estimation of the FM parameters from that of the PPS parameters, exploiting the properties of the multi-lag high-order ambiguity function (ml-HAF). Performance analysis is carried out and Cramer-Rao bounds are compared with simulation results.
The case for an internet primitive for fault localization (2022)

Modern distributed applications run across numerous microservices and components deployed in cloud datacenters, using shared cloud services for computing and storage, edge services such as content distribution networks, network functions such as rate limiters and firewalls, security infrastructures, network routers, and physical links. When a user-visible fault occurs, the first step toward diagnosis is localization to determine where the fault has occurred. However, because application delivery spans different layers and different organizations, no entity has complete visibility or access to the information required to localize faults quickly. This paper proposes a cross-layer, cross-domain, and cross-application fault localization primitive with a simple and standardized information interface for the Internet.
High Performance, Low Temperature Solution-Processed Barium and Strontium Doped Oxide Thin Film Transistors (2013)

Amorphous mixed metal oxides are emerging as high performance semiconductors for thin film transistor (TFT) applications, with indium gallium zinc oxide, InGaZnO (IGZO), being one of the most widely studied and best performing systems. Here, we investigate alkaline earth (barium or strontium) doped InBa(Sr)ZnO as alternative, semiconducting channel layers and compare their performance of the electrical stress stability with IGZO. In films fabricated by solution-processing from metal alkoxide precursors and annealed to 450 °C we achieve high field-effect electron mobility up to 26 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. We show that it is possible to solution-process these materials at low process temperature (225-200 °C yielding mobilities up to 4.4 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) and demonstrate a facile "ink-on-demand" process for these materials which utilizes the alcoholysis reaction of alkyl metal precursors to negate the need for complex synthesis and purification protocols. Electrical bias stress measurements which can serve as a figure of merit for performance stability for a TFT device reveal Sr- and Ba-doped semiconductors to exhibit enhanced electrical stability and reduced threshold voltage shift compared to IGZO irrespective of the process temperature and preparation method. This enhancement in stability can be attributed to the higher Gibbs energy of oxidation of barium and strontium compared to gallium.
Automatic Detection of Accent and Lexical Pronunciation Errors in Spontaneous Non-Native English Speech (2020)

Detecting individual pronunciation errors and diagnosing pronunciation error tendencies in a language learner based on their speech are important components of computer-aided language learning (CALL). The tasks of error detection and error tendency diagnosis become particularly challenging when the speech in question is spontaneous and particularly given the challenges posed by the inconsistency of human annotation of pronunciation errors. This paper presents an approach to these tasks by distinguishing between lexical errors, wherein the speaker does not know how a particular word is pronounced, and accent errors, wherein the candidate's speech exhibits consistent patterns of phone substitution, deletion and insertion. Three annotated corpora of non-native English speech by speakers of multiple L1s are analysed, the consistency of human annotation investigated and a method presented for detecting individual accent and lexical errors and diagnosing accent error tendencies at the speaker level.
A Survey on Efforts to Evolve the Control Plane of Inter-Domain Routing (2018)

The Internet’s default inter-domain routing protocol is the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). With the BGP, dozens of thousands of Autonomous Systems (ASs) exchange network layer reachability information to manage connectivity among them. The BGP was introduced in the early stages of the Internet, and although the BGP is one of the most successful protocols, new desirable features have been difficult to incorporate into the network over the decades. Thus, this paper classifies previous works to evolve the control plane of inter-domain routing into three types of approaches: brand new design; incremental improvement; inter-domain communication. The main goal of this paper is to provide an understanding of what approaches have been taken to evolve the inter-domain routing control plane. This survey also discusses why the control plane’s issues are hard to evolve and future perspectives for that topic.
Laboratory Research Motivated Chemistry Classroom Activity to Promote Interests Among Students Towards Science (2014)

This article reports a pedagogical classroom activity stimulated by the research experience of the teacher. The research was conducted to develop a gasochromic sensor for detecting hydrogen gas. The classroom activity was designed to stimulate student’s interest towards science through demonstration of scientific research and possible applications in real life. In this activity high school chemistry student in grades 10 through 12 were shown the research on developing a nanotechnology based hydrogen gas detecting sensor and were made aware of a real life example where a similar gas sensor could have saved a disastrous gas explosion that occurred in Bhopal, India in 1984. Apart from the research demonstration, the classroom activity was composed of watching a video, reading an article related to the disaster, and using inquiry based discussion techniques to integrate current sensor research in the laboratory of University of Central Florida with their current chemistry curriculum at school. The effectiveness of the activity was measured by pre-activity and post-activity questions. The goal of this paper is to present an example where the real world problems or events were communicated to students with emphasis on how science is put into action in daily lives, and motivate the use of similar activity as a means of invigorating the student’s interest in class course content.
An Empirical Algorithm using Derivative Difference for Estimating Chlorophyll-A in Case-II Water (2019)

Water quality management includes measurement of quantity and quality. The abundance of phytoplankton in water body represents the physical condition and chemical constituents. As Chlorophyll-a exists in all types of phytoplankton, naturally the choice for water quality measurement is estimation of Chl-a concentration. The Chl-a concentration is estimated using various spectral reflectance algorithms such as single band regression, band ratio, three-band ratio, four-band ratio etc have been developed and is being used. Subsequently, the first order derivative ratio and second order derivative ratio methods are also used in some studies. Though such algorithms provide water quality measures, new algorithms are being introduced to improve estimation accuracy. In this paper, a new algorithm ‘Derivative Difference’ is proposed. It is based on the Chlorophyll concentration variation with shape of reflectance spectrum. The derivative data represents the slope of the reflectance data at different wavelength. The difference in derivative values at selected two different wavelengths were correlated with measured values to estimate Chl-a concentration. Obtained results were compared with the values obtained from band ratio method and derivative ratio methods. The algorithm is found to be better in some conditions.
Analysis of Smart Street Lighting Mesh Network Using I2I Communication Technology (2020)

In recent years, traffic safety services with road infrastructure such as street lights have attracted many attentions as a new safety service for the pedestrians and vehicles. The street lighting with intelligence for safety service is called smart lamppost and composed of an intelligent edge unit, camera, short range communication device, digital signage, etc. One of the main functions in the smart lamppost is to forward the safety information to the gateway node by an I2I communication system. Due to the nature of safety services, latency and throughput of the wireless mesh network are key performance indicators. There has been lack of research on street light network. In this paper, we analyze the latency and throughput at each node during multi-hop data transmission to the gateway node considering the practical height and location of the street light pole with channel interference and propagation path loss.