gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Putative Biomarkers of Clinical Benefit With Pembrolizumab in Advanced Urothelial Cancer: Results from the KEYNOTE-045 and KEYNOTE-052 Landmark Trials (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;In an exploratory analysis, we investigated the association between programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), tumor mutational burden (TMB), T-cell–inflamed gene expression profile (Tcell&lt;sub&gt;inf&lt;/sub&gt;GEP), and stromal signature with outcomes of pembrolizumab in urothelial carcinoma (UC).&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Patients with advanced UC received first-line pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks in the single-arm phase II KEYNOTE-052 trial (NCT02335424) and salvage pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks or chemotherapy (paclitaxel/docetaxel/vinflunine) in the randomized phase III KEYNOTE-045 trial (NCT02256436). The association of each biomarker (continuous variable) with objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using logistic regression (ORR) and Cox PH (PFS, OS), adjusted for ECOG PS; nominal &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; values were calculated without multiplicity adjustment (one-sided, pembrolizumab; two-sided, chemotherapy). Significance was prespecified at &lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;In KEYNOTE-052, PD-L1, TMB, and Tcell&lt;sub&gt;inf&lt;/sub&gt;GEP were significantly associated with improved outcomes; stromal signature was significantly associated with worse outcomes. In KEYNOTE-045, although findings for TMB and Tcell&lt;sub&gt;inf&lt;/sub&gt;GEP with pembrolizumab were consistent with those of KEYNOTE-052, PD-L1 was not significantly associated with improved outcomes, nor was stromal signature associated with worse outcomes with pembrolizumab; chemotherapy was not associated with outcomes in a consistent manner for any of the biomarkers. Hazard ratio (HR) estimates at prespecified cutoffs showed an advantage for pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy regardless of PD-L1 or TMB, with a trend toward lower HRs in the combined positive score ≥10 and the TMB ≥175 mutation/exome subgroup. For Tcell&lt;sub&gt;inf&lt;/sub&gt;GEP, PFS and OS HRs were lower in the Tcell&lt;sub&gt;inf&lt;/sub&gt;GEP-nonlow subgroup regardless of treatment.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Multiple biomarkers characterizing the tumor microenvironment may help predict response to pembrolizumab monotherapy in UC, and potential clinical utility of these biomarkers may be context-dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enhancement of electrical characteristics of a‐ZTO TFTs based on channel layers produced with alternating precursor concentration (2018)

The enhancement in electrical characteristics of the thin film transistors (TFTs) based on the mixed‐stacked amorphous zinc tin oxide (a‐ZTO) with an alternating precursor concentration is reported. The channel layers were deposited via sol–gel on oxidised p‐Si. The source/drain ohmic contacts were prepared on the ZTO layer, constructing the bottom‐gate TFTs. In this investigation, the TFTs with the following three channel layers were fabricated, and their characteristics were compared; (i) four layers produced from 0.05 M precursor solution, (ii) four layers produced from 0.2 M precursor solution, and (iii) four layers with alternating 0.05 and 0.2 M precursor solutions. It was found that the mobility (5.3 cm 2 /V s) of the TFT fabricated with the channel layers with alternating precursor concentration was higher than those with single concentration. Although the mechanism for this mobility enhancement is still being further analysed, it was conjectured that alternating precursor concentration might have reduced the trap density in the transistor channel and/or ZTO/SiO 2 interfaces.
ChemInform Abstract: Confirmation of the Stereostructure of (+)‐Cytostatin by Fluorous Mixture Synthesis of Four Candidate Stereoisomers. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Palladium-Catalyzed Fluorination of Cyclic Vinyl Triflates: Effect of TESCF (2016)

A method for the palladium-catalyzed fluorination of cyclic vinyl triflates has been developed. As with several previous palladium-catalyzed fluorination reactions using fluoride salts, controlling the regioselectivity presented a challenge in developing a practical synthetic procedure. The addition of triethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (TESCF[subscript 3]) was found to effectively address this problem and resulted in drastically improved regioselectivities in this palladium-catalyzed fluorination reaction. This discovery, along with the use of a new biarylphosphine ligand, allowed for the development of an efficient and highly regioselective protocol for the fluorination of vinyl triflates. This method is compatible with a range of sensitive functional groups and provides access to five-, six-, and seven-membered cyclic vinyl fluorides.
Additive-Driven Assembly of Block Copolymer-Nanoparticle Hybrid Materials for Solution Processable Floating Gate Memory (2012)

Floating gate memory devices were fabricated using well-ordered gold nanoparticle/block copolymer hybrid films as the charge trapping layers, SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as the dielectric layer, and poly(3-hexylthiophene) as the semiconductor layer. The charge trapping layer was prepared &lt;i&gt;via&lt;/i&gt; self-assembly. The addition of Au nanoparticles that selectively hydrogen bond with pyridine in a poly(styrene-&lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;-2-vinyl pyridine) block copolymer yields well-ordered hybrid materials at Au nanoparticle loadings up to 40 wt %. The characteristics of the memory window were tuned by simple control of the Au nanoparticle concentration. This approach enables the fabrication of well-ordered charge storage layers by solution processing, which is extendable for the fabrications of large area and high density devices &lt;i&gt;via&lt;/i&gt; roll-to-roll processing.
P188 REDUCED METALLOTHIONEIN EXPRESSION IN COLONIC CROHN'S DISEASE: EVIDENCE FOR A NEW DISEASE-MODIFYING GENE (2008)

Author Block D. Laukens 1 , H. Peeters 1 , A. Waeytens 1 , S. Bogaert 1 , B. Vander Cryssen 1 , D. Elewaut 1 , F. De Keyser 1 , H. Mielants 1 , C. Cuvelier 1 , K. Knecht 2 , P. Van Hummelen 3 , J. Del-Favero 4 , E. Remaut 5 , M. De Vos 1 , P. Rottiers 5 ; 1 Ghent University Hospital, Gent, BELGIUM, 2 Applied Maths BVBA, Sint-Martens-Latem, BELGIUM, 3 Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Gent, BELGIUM, 4 Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Antwerpen, BELGIUM, 5 Ghent University, Gent, BELGIUM.
Wearable sensors for gait analysis (2015)

Systems based on inertial sensors are increasingly used in motion analysis due to their low cost, portability and wearability. However, since accuracy is crucial in clinical gait analysis, it is important to assess it in new systems. The aim of this study is to compare the performances of a magnetic and inertial sensors system (MIMUs) to a gold standard, the electromechanical system STEP32. Results shows that spatio-temporal parameters are accurately estimated by the MIMUs system. Joint kinematics does not reach the accuracy of the STEP32 system. In fact, although MIMUs measurements on the knee and hip joints are clinically acceptable, they are not yet reliable for the ankle joint.
.eta.2-Acyl and methyl complexes of tungsten. Crystal and molecular structures of W(.eta.2-C(O)CH2SiMe3)Cl(CO)(PMe3)3 and W(CH3)(S2CNMe2)(CO)2(PMe3)2 [Erratum to document cited in CA114(5):43030z] (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.eta.2-Acyl and methyl complexes of tungsten. Crystal and molecular structures of W(.eta.2-C(O)CH2SiMe3)Cl(CO)(PMe3)3 and W(CH3)(S2CNMe2)(CO)2(PMe3)2 [Erratum to document cited in CA114(5):43030z]Ernesto Carmona, Leopoldo Contreras, Manuel L. Poveda, Luis J. Sanchez, Jerry L. Atwood, and Robin D. RogersCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 2, 1006Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00038a084https://doi.org/10.1021/om00038a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal power allocation for speech enhancement using remote wireless microphones (2013)

Speech capture in the presence of non‐stationary interfering signals, e.g. music or other competing talkers, is a challenging problem, and in a recent work, distributed microphones have been employed for this purpose. In this reported work, consideration is given to the problem of power allocation in a distributed microphone system, where a directional wireless microphone is placed close to each interferer and provides an estimate of the statistics of the undesired signal for suppression at the primary microphone. The optimal transmit power allocation is derived such that the mean squared error in estimating the desired signal is minimised subject to a total power constraint. It is shown that signal‐to‐noise performance improves at the primary microphone using optimum power allocation in comparison with an equal power allocation scheme.
Bioresponsive Chimaeric Nanopolymersomes Enable Targeted and Efficacious Protein Therapy for Human Lung Cancers in Vivo (2017)

Rapidly evolving protein technology has generated hundreds of therapeutic proteins that are promising for treating various human diseases. The clinical use of protein drugs remains, however, limited due to the absence of viable vehicles. Here, we report that anisamide-functionalized bioresponsive chimaeric nanopolymersomes (Anis-BCPs) can efficiently load granzyme B (GrB), a potent apoptotic protein, and enable targeted and efficacious protein therapy for H460 human lung cancer in vivo. Anis-BCPs are readily obtained from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide-g-lipoic acid)-b-poly(acrylic acid) triblock copolymer. Notably, GrB-loaded Anis-BCPs a display superior antitumor effect toward sigma receptor-overexpressing H460 lung cancer cells (IC50 = 7.8 nM). The in vivo studies reveal that Anis-BCPs have a long circulation time and remarkable tumor accumulation. Interestingly, GrB-loaded Anis-BCPs at 6.24 nmol GrB equiv/kg dose, given either in four injections or one single injection, effectively inhibit H460 tumor growth and significantly improve the survival rate for mice. These robust, bioresponsive, and nontoxic chimaeric nanopolymersomes provide a potential platform for cancer protein therapy as well as basic research on intracellular functional proteins.
Modification of Kinin Activity in Injured Tissue by Oral Kinases and Proteases (1963)

The anti-inflammatory action of orally given proteases has been documented, in the main, by uncontrolled clinical observations(1). In a recent animal study, however, bradykinin blocking effects followed orally given kinases and proteases(2). In view of the current interest in bradykinin as the biochemical mediator of the inflammatory reaction(3), the present study was undertaken to appraise any relationship between the anti-inflammatory activity of orally given enzymes(4,5) and kinin antagonism. Materials and methods. This study comprised 48 male hamsters. A standard inflammatory stimulus was applied to the everted cheek pouch of the hamster. This stimulus consisted of a 2 minute immersion of the everted pouch in water pre-heated and maintained at 45°C. Animals were anesthetized with Nembutal (50–80 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Twenty-four animals served as controls and received placebo tablets, orally, every 6 hours for 24 hours. The remaining 24 hamsters were divided into 3 groups of 8: one group received 30,000 units of Streptokinase plus human plasma every 6 hours; the second group received 100 mg papain† every 6 hours; the third group received 400 casein units fungal protease every 6 hours. All medications were suspended in saline and administered orally via stomach tube. The treatment period covered the 24 hours following injury. At the end of the treatment period a biopsy specimen was obtained for histologic examination and a strip of pouch tissue was excised. Tissue strips weighing 375 mg ± 5 mg were used for assay. The tissue was immediately homogenized in a Waring Blendor and each homogenate was eluted into a bath containing an intact rat uterus suspended in 17 ml Tyrode's solution at 37°C. 2 Bromolysergic acid diethylamide (BOL) 10–20 ng was added to the bath and allowed to stay in contact with the tissue 10–15 minutes before each sample was tested. Results and discussion. The results are summarized in Table I. Addition of bradykinin to the bath caused slow, sustained, uterine contractions. In 21 of the 24 control hamsters, pouch homogenates produced slow, sustained uterine contractions strongly resembling those following the addition of bradykinin. In these experiments the action of serotonin was excluded by the use of BOL.
Codeless Screen-Oriented Programming for Enterprise Mobile Applications (2013)

Designing the user interface (UI) of mobile applications in the enterprise is performed in many cases by the application users who represent the business needs. This is based on existing developed enterprise services that can be accessed by these applications. Design the UI of the mobile applications require programming environments that are as much as possible codeless and easy to use. In this paper, we present NitroGen which is a cloud-based platform-independent tool that provides with no installation, a consumable integrated set of capabilities to construct mobile solutions aiming at reducing development and maintenance costs. We further illustrate how to use NitroGen showing its visual touch-based mostly codeless way of programming. NitroGen can easily connect to back-end services thus enable fast and facile development in enterprises.
Series Introduction: Multiligand receptors and human disease (2001)

By virtue of their specific interactions with extracellular ligands, cell surface receptors can transduce signals, carry out endocytosis and other forms of transport, and mediate the adhesion of cells to their substrata or to other cells. While it has generally been assumed that physiologic activities and appropriate responses to pathophysiologic states require that only one ligand be recognized by its cognate receptor, this “one ligand–one receptor” notion is now in need of extensive revision. This Perspective series focuses on several striking examples of multiligand receptors, molecules that interact specifically with classes of structurally related ligands or even with several structurally and functionally dissimilar ligands.

Such broad specificity raises intriguing problems for biological regulation that do not arise with classical, monospecific receptors. From the vantage point of the economy of host gene expression, it is expeditious to have a single protein subserve multiple roles, and for this reason, some authors have speculated that these proteins arose early in molecular evolution. However, the various functions are probably subject to precise regulation to avoid the possibility that a range of stimuli all activate a single cellular response, which might have disastrous consequences for the cell’s ability to adapt to environmental challenges. How can one make sense of these types of receptor-ligand interactions? What basic principles have emerged from their study?
Community-based self generation of policies and processes for assets: Concepts and research directions (2017)

With the advancement in the technology, deploying connected assets - especially intelligent autonomous assets - to obtain the evolving picture of dynamic environments are fast becoming a reality - and a need - for effective and efficient decision making. In such environments, these assets need to function in unison with each other to achieve the goals, and especially in a collaborative environments (e.g., coalition environments) they need to respect the constraints placed on them by the collective as well as by the owner parties. Typically, policies are used to govern such constraints and interactions, but the existing state-of-the-art relies on predefined user policies to achieve the effect, which is not scalable nor practical in collaborative and dynamic environments. Motivated by this observation and the recent uptake in learning technologies, in this paper, we present our vision on a framework that can (a) employ multiple techniques to create domain knowledge that can help assets to determine which policies are critical for which context, how to solve conflicts among policies, and how to autonomously generate and refine existing policies; (b) represent knowledge in a localized wiki-like approach so that fault tolerant knowledge discovery is supported; (c) provide efficient query interface for assets to discover needed knowledge in a secure manner; and (d) contextualize knowledge so as to enable other similar assets to quickly bootstrap or initialize themselves in unknown contexts when new events occur.
Synthesis of high quality alkyl naphthenic kerosene by reacting an oil refinery with a biomass refinery stream (2014)

Alkylation of aromatics with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the presence of large pore acid zeolites followed by hydrodeoxygenation yields high quality kerosene.
Formation of the Francisella tularensis Biofilm is Affected by Cell Surface Glycosylation, Growth Medium, and a Glucan Exopolysaccharide (2019)

Biofilms are matrix-associated communities that enable bacteria to colonise environments unsuitable for free-living bacteria. The facultative intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis can persist in water, amoebae, and arthropods, as well as within mammalian macrophages. F. tularensis Types A and B form poor biofilms, but F. tularensis mutants lacking lipopolysaccharide O-antigen, O-antigen capsule, and capsule-like complex formed up to 15-fold more biofilm than fully glycosylated cells. The Type B live vaccine strain was also 50% less capable of initiating surface attachment than mutants deficient in O-antigen and capsule-like complex. However, the growth medium of all strains tested also influenced the formation of biofilm, which contained a novel exopolysaccharide consisting of an amylose-like glucan. In addition, the surface polysaccharide composition of the bacterium affected the protein:DNA:polysaccharide composition of the biofilm matrix. In contrast, F. novicida attached to surfaces more efficiently and made a more robust biofilm than Type A or B strains, but loss of O-antigen or capsule-like complex did not significantly affect F. novicida biofilm formation. These results indicated that suppression of surface polysaccharides may promote biofilm formation by F. tularensis Types A and B. Whether biofilm formation enhances survival of F. tularensis in aquatic or other environmental niches has yet to be determined.
On‐line monitoring of ultrasonic surgery with MR imaging (1993)

Ultrasonic surgery was performed in rabbits and dogs under the guidance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Two different MR techniques were used to guide the ultrasound beam. T2-weighted images showed lesion formation within a few minutes after sonication. T1-weighted GRASS (gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state) images were sensitive to temperature elevations, permitting monitoring of lesion creation with MR imaging. Short TR T1-weighted GRASS images were not as helpful in detecting temperature elevation because of a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio. T2-weighted fast spin-echo images were compared with conventional T2-weighted spin-echo images. The former produced high-quality images in a fraction of the imaging time. This study shows that it is possible to monitor and guide ultrasonic surgery with MR imaging.
Sequence dependent electrophoretic mobilities and melting temperatures for A·T containing oligodeoxyribonucleotides (1987)

The electrophoretic mobilities and thermal melting properties of self complementary A-T containing dodecamer oligodeoxyribonucleotides have been investigated as a function of solution conditions. The oligomers contained tracts of nonalternating A-T base pairs of 2 (d(A2T2)3), 3 (d(A3T3)2), and 6 (d(A6T6] as well as the fully alternating (d(A-T)6) sequence. The melting temperature increased with the length of the nonalternating sequence and was approximately 12 degrees C higher in the d(A6T6) sequence than in the alternating oligomer. Under denaturing conditions all oligomers had the same electrophoretic mobility on acrylamide gels. Under conditions which favor duplex formation, the oligomers exhibited significant sequence dependent mobility differences. The mobilities of two oligomers, d(A-T)6 and d(A6-T6), were approximately equal and were less than those of the other oligonucleotides. The greatest mobility was observed for d(A2T2)3. These results are best explained by a model which requires bending at a junction of two or more continuous A or T bases with another sequence.
Absolute Configuration of the Antiviral Agent (−)-cis-5-Fluoro-1-[2-Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-Oxathiolan-5-yl]Cytosine (1993)

The structure and absolute configuration of (−)- cis-5-fluoro-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]cytosine (FTC), has been determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The results confirm that the L-isomer of the nucleoside analogue is the most active enantiomer and that the correct absolute configuration of (−)-FTC is 5-fluoro-(2′R,5′S)-(−)-1-[2-hydroxymethyl)oxathiolan-5-yl]-fluorocytosine. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit show conformations that combine conformational features of two other classes of potent antiviral nucleosides. Both oxathiolane rings have the 3′-sulphur atom in nearly perfect S3′- exo envelope conformations, similar to what is observed for 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine. One of the two molecules has a glycosylic link conformation in which the base is eclipsed with the C5′-O1′ bond. This mimics the high- anti conformation that has been observed in the structures of several 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxypyrimidine nucleosides but is inaccessible for saturated pyrimidine nucleosides. However, the observed conformations cannot be superimposed adequately with other active antiviral nucleosides to suggest a common ‘active site’ conformation.