gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and Functional Analysis of Candidate Genes Regulating Mesenchymal Stem Cell Self‐Renewal and Multipotency (2006)

Adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) possess multilineage differentiation potential, and differentiated hMSCs have recently been shown to have the ability to transdifferentiate into other lineages. However, the molecular signature of hMSCs is not well-known, and the mechanisms regulating their self-renewal, differentiation, and transdifferentiation are not completely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that fully differentiated hMSCs could dedifferentiate, a likely critical step for transdifferentiation. By comparing the global gene expression profiles of undifferentiated, differentiated, and dedifferentiation cells in three mesenchymal lineages (osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis), we identified a number of "stemness" and "differentiation" genes that might be essential to maintain adult stem cell multipotency as well as to drive lineage-specific commitment. These genes include those that encode cell surface molecules, as well as components of signaling pathways. These genes may be valuable for developing methods to isolate, enrich, and purify homogeneous population of hMSCs and/or maintain and propagate hMSCs as well as guide or regulate their differentiation for gene and cell-based therapy. Using small interfering RNA gene inactivation, we demonstrate that five genes (actin filament-associated protein, frizzled 7, dickkopf 3, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor F, and RAB3B) promote cell survival without altering cell proliferation, as well as exhibiting different effects on the commitment of hMSCs into multiple mesenchymal lineages.
Characterization of Intracellular Regions in the Human Serotonin Transporter for Phosphorylation Sites (2014)

In the central nervous system, synaptic levels of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin are mainly controlled by the serotonin transporter (SERT), and drugs used in the treatment of various psychiatric diseases have SERT as primary target. SERT is a phosphoprotein that undergoes phosphorylation/dephosphorylation during transporter regulation by multiple pathways. In particular, activation and/or inhibition of kinases including PKC, PKG, p38MAPK, and CaMKII modulate SERT function and trafficking. The molecular mechanisms by which kinase activity is linked to SERT regulation are poorly understood, including the identity of specific phosphorylated residues. To elucidate SERT phosphorylation sites, we have generated peptides corresponding to the entire intracellular region of human SERT and performed in vitro phosphorylation assays with a panel of kinases suggested to be involved in SERT regulation or for which canonical phosphorylation sites are predicted. Peptide analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify and quantify site-specific phosphorylation. Five residues located in the N- and C-termini and in intracellular loop 1 and 2 were identified as phosphorylation sites; Ser149, Ser277, and Thr603 for PKC, Ser13 for CaMKII, and Thr616 for p38MAPK. Possible regulatory roles of these potential phosphoacceptors for SERT function and surface expression were investigated using phospho-mimicking and phosphodeficient mutations, coexpression of constitutively active kinases and pharmacological kinase induction in a heterologous expression system. Our results suggest that Ser277 is involved in an initial phase of PKC-mediated down-regulation of SERT. The five identified sites can guide future studies of direct links between SERT phosphorylation and regulatory processes.
Peripheral Sensory Deprivation Restores Critical-Period-like Plasticity to Adult Somatosensory Thalamocortical Inputs (2017)

Recent work has shown that thalamocortical (TC) inputs can be plastic after the developmental critical period has closed, but the mechanism that enables re-establishment of plasticity is unclear. Here, we find that long-term potentiation (LTP) at TC inputs is transiently restored in spared barrel cortex following either a unilateral infra-orbital nerve (ION) lesion, unilateral whisker trimming, or unilateral ablation of the rodent barrel cortex. Restoration of LTP is associated with increased potency at TC input and reactivates anatomical map plasticity induced by whisker follicle ablation. The reactivation of TC LTP is accompanied by reappearance of silent synapses. Both LTP and silent synapse formation are preceded by transient re-expression of synaptic GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are required for the reappearance of TC plasticity. These results clearly demonstrate that peripheral sensory deprivation reactivates synaptic plasticity in the mature layer 4 barrel cortex with features similar to the developmental critical period.
Hydroprocessing Catalysts Containing Noble Metals: Deactivation, Regeneration, Metals Reclamation, and Environment and Safety (2017)

Interest in the use of catalysts containing noble metals (NMs) in various hydroprocessing (HPR) applications is the result of an increasing volume of unconventional feeds and a continuous change in performance parameters of petroleum products. Conventional HPR catalysts can only partially fulfill new requirements. The high price of NMs and their high activity under both reducing and oxidative atmospheres require some modifications of the strategies that have been used for the handling of spent conventional HPR catalysts. Because of their higher activity, the deactivation of NMs-containing catalysts during HPR occurs under less severe conditions compared with that of conventional HPR catalysts. However, adverse effects of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygenates, and metals in feeds may require a higher severity to achieve HPR objectives. The activity of spent NMs-containing catalysts can be almost completely recovered by regeneration. The oxidative regeneration of spent NMs-containing catalysts has been performed commercially, while reductive and extractive regenerations offer alternative routes. The high value of NMs dictates that metal recovery is the only option if an adequate catalyst activity recovery cannot be achieved by regeneration. The methods are available for NMs recovery on an industrial scale. Also, the research aiming at improvement of metals recovery via existing methods as well as development novel methods has been noted.
Catalytic Direct Acetoxylation of Indoles (2009)

3-Acetoxyindole-2-carboxylates could be readily synthesized in a Pd(OAc)(2)- or PtCl(2)-catalyzed direct C-3 acetoxylation of indole-2-carboxylates using PhI(OAc)(2) as a terminal oxidant.
Studies related to the potential antigenicity of the Bowman‐Birk inhibitor, an anticarcinogenic protease inhibitor isolated from soybeans (1994)

Soybeans are known to contain certain proteins that are allergenic; therefore the anticarcinogenic Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI), an 8-kDa protein isolated from soybeans, could be capable of generating an immune response that would contraindicate its use as a cancer chemopreventive agent. In the present investigation, the stimulation of antibody production in response to BBI was measured after the administration of BBI by various routes and treatment regimens. A significant antibody titer to BBI was observed when the animals were treated with BBI by intraperitoneal injection once or three times per week. In these studies, higher antibody titers were observed at earlier time points. When the animals were treated with BBI by oral gavage, little or no antibody production was observed, regardless of the treatment regimen. The doses and treatment regimens used in this study have been previously demonstrated to be effective in preventing tumor formation. The results of this study indicate that antibody production in response to BBI administered orally should not present a complication to BBI treatment.
CD93/AA4.1: A Novel Regulator of Inflammation in Murine Focal Cerebral Ischemia (2010)

The stem-cell marker CD93 (AA4.1/C1qRp) has been described as a potential complement C1q-receptor. Its exact molecular function, however, remains unknown. By using global expression profiling we showed that CD93-mRNA is highly induced after transient focal cerebral ischemia. CD93 protein is upregulated in endothelial cells, but also in selected macrophages and microglia. To elucidate the potential functional role of CD93 in postischemic brain damage, we used mice with a targeted deletion of the CD93 gene. After 30 min of occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and 3 d of reperfusion these mice displayed increased leukocyte infiltration into the brain, increased edema, and significantly larger infarct volumes (60.8 +/- 52.2 versus 23.9 +/- 16.6 mm(3)) when compared with wild-type (WT) mice. When the MCA was occluded for 60 min, after 2 d of reperfusion the CD93 knockout mice still showed more leukocytes in the brain, but the infarct volumes were not different from those seen in WT animals. To further explore CD93-dependent signaling pathways, we determined global transcription profiles and compared CD93-deficient and WT mice at various time points after induction of focal cerebral ischemia. We found a highly significant upregulation of the chemokine CCL21/Exodus-2 in untreated and treated CD93-deficient mice at all time points. Induction of CCL21 mRNA and protein was confirmed by PCR and immunohistochemistry. CCL21, which was formerly shown to be released by damaged neurons and to activate microglia, contributes to neurodegeneration. Thus, we speculate that CD93-neuroprotection is mediated via suppression of the neuroinflammatory response through downregulation of CCL21.
Special Issue Imaging Processing-Algorithm and System. Restoration of Motion-blurred Images Using an Edge Adaptive Kalman Filter. (1991)

This paper presents an edge-adaptive Kalman filter with ringing suppression for restoring motion-blurred images. The ringing artifacts are produced near the edges of images restored by conventional techniques of shift-invariant linear filtering. A one-dimensional non-stationary model is used as an original image, and the degradation model is represented by a uniform, shift-invariant, point-spread function and additive white noise. The image is divided into an edge region and a smooth region. Two Kalman filter gains are designed for these two regions. The image is then restored by the adaptive Kalman filter, which switches the two gains according to edge information. Model parameters and the edge information of the original image are estimated from the image temporarily restored by a deconvolution technique. Finally, computer simulations show that the proposed technique is effective for suppressing the ringing artifacts. 1.
3-Diarylethyne quinazolinones: a new class of senescence inducers (2013)

A series of 3-diarylethyne quinazolinone compounds (4a–ad) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity. They exhibited significant anticancer activity against MDA-MB-231, A549, MIAPaCa-2 and Colo-205 cancer cell lines and were highly effective in the MCF-7 cancer cell line with IC50 values ranging from 2.27 to 3.88 μM. FACS analyses and BrdU assays revealed that there is G1 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, cells treated with these compounds show up-regulation of p53, p21, p16, TRF1 and POT1 and down-regulation of SKP2, TRF2 and tankyrase protein levels. To assess the senescence inducing ability of these compounds further, a senescence associated β-gal assay was performed. Interestingly, two of these compounds (4s and 4w) exhibited significant telomerase inhibition activity and inhibited tankyrase-1 protein, a protein partner associated with the sheltrin complexes of telomeres.
Widened bandwidth of a metamaterial ZOR patch antenna with a short-circuited ring (2011)

In this paper, we present a new low-profile composite right and left-handedness(CRLH) metamaterial zeroth order resonance(ZOR) antenna which originally has the bandwidth of 80MHz and is treated further to have 1428 MHz as an improved bandwidth for center frequency 2.5GHz as the ZOR frequency, by merging the -1st, zeroth, and +lst resonance modes to the ZOR. We have experienced nearly 50% fractional bandwidth(FBW) and the monopolar radiation patterns are maintained in the entire band, which outdoes other ZOR antennas [1-5] suffering from FBW far less than 10%. This design method is verified by 3D EM simulations and measurement.
A Kinetic Study of Reactions of Et3ZnLi and Di-tert-Butyl Ketone (2002)

An organozincate of composition Et3ZnLi and di-tert-butyl ketone react in toluene to form (after hydrolysis) ethyl-di-tert-butylmethanol. The rate is proportional to approximately [Et3ZnLi](-0.5)[ketone](1) when the initial concentration of Et3ZnLi is greater than that of the ketone but proportional to [Et3ZnLi](1)[ketone](-1) when the initial concentration of ketone is greater than that of Et3ZnLi. The rate of addition of Et3ZnK to di-tert-butyl ketone is <10(-4) that of Et3ZnLi.
Less is more: Extreme optics with zero refractive index (2017)

Summary form only given. By simultaneously controlling the electric and magnetic properties of a nanostructured composite material (metamaterial), we can create materials with a refractive index of zero. We present a novel on-chip platform to explore zero-index metamaterials.
SERS sensors for biomedical tubing (2011)

There is strong motivation for the development detection systems that can provide continuous analysis of fluids in medical tubing used to either deliver or remove fluids from a patient's body. Possible applications include systems that increase the safety of intravenous (IV) drug injection and point-of-care health monitoring during urinary catheterization. This talk will describe recent efforts in our group to develop nanostructured surfaces capable of performing Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) with high electromagnetic enhancement factors, while utilizing fabrication processes that enable SERS surfaces to be fabricated inexpensively on flexible plastic substrates over large areas. In particular, Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD) has been used to provide densely packed arrays of dielectric-metal “post-cap” structures with 10-20 nm gaps between adjacent metal nanoparticles. We have also developed nanoreplica molding approaches for producing arrays of silver “nanodomes” with <10 nm gaps between domes. These two approaches are significant because they each provide a high density of electromagnetic “hot spots” for delivering strong SERS signals, while not requiring expensive, low throughput lithography processes to produce nanometer-scale surface features. The talk will describe the design, electromagnetic computer modeling, fabrication, and efforts to incorporate plastic-based SERS surfaces in-line with biomedical tubing. Using a custom-built detection instrument designed to excite SERS on the inner surface of the system, Raman spectra are gathered for typical IV-delivered pain medications and urinary metabolites, and kinetic measurements are used to track their concentrations within their clinically relevant concentration ranges. Distinct SERS peaks for each analyte are used to demonstrate co-detection of the analytes.
ChemInform Abstract: Steamed Ginseng‐Leaf Components Enhance Cytotoxic Effects on Human Leukemia HL‐60 Cells. (2010)

Abstract Ginsenoside SL 1 (I), SL 2 (II) and SL 3 (III) are isolated from the heat‐processed leaves of Panax ginseng.
Directed engineering of umbilical cord blood stem cells to produce C‐peptide and insulin (2007)

Since C-peptide can only be derived from de novo synthesis and processing of pre-proinsulin mRNA and protein, we conclude that these results are the first demonstration that human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells can be engineered to engage in de novo synthesis of insulin.
The MPEG-4 General Audio Coder (1999)

S.147-156
Metal Oxide/Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles with Versatile Functionality Prepared by Controlled Surface Crystallization (2012)

Abstract Metal oxide/polymer hybrids are prepared from polystyrene nanoparticles functionalized at the surface with phosphonate and phosphate groups. The polymer particles are synthesized with specifically designed surface‐active monomers (surfmers) and used as nucleation surfaces for the controlled in situ crystallization of cerium, iron, and zinc oxide nanocrystals. The formation of the metal oxide is driven by the addition of a base to suspensions of the polymer particles containing the corresponding precursor. The crystal formation at the particle surface is studied for the different hybrid systems by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The potential catalytic activity of CeO 2 /polymer hybrid particles is proven with the example of the photodegradation of rhodamine B. For the case of magnetic iron oxide‐functionalized latex, a superparamagnetic behavior is found above a blocking temperature of 225 K. ZnO/polymer hybrids present a strong yellow visible photoluminescence. The approach is shown to be versatile not only in terms of the variety in the metal oxides deposited on the surface, but also because the crystallization can take place in both aqueous and alcoholic media.
Adoptive Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma (2000)

The study of cancer immunotherapy has gained increasing popularity since Dr. William Coleys’ observations in the late 19th century of patient tumor shrinkage after life-threatening bacterial infections. The idea that tumor cells, similar to invading foreign pathogens, can express abnormal antigens has formed the basis of attempts to manipulate the immune system to cause improved tumor surveillance and destruction. Over the last two decades, considerable strides have been made in the field of tumor immunology. This includes further knowledge of antigen processing and presentation via the major histocompatability complex (1, 2); understanding the interaction between T cells and antigen presenting cells (APC) via the T-cell receptor (TCR) (3), secondary signals such as costimulatory molecules, regulation of the immune response by cytokines, and most notably the characterization of a variety of genes-encoding tumor-associated antigens (TAA). For many tumor types, the DNA and amino acid sequences of TAA have been worked out including the immunodominant peptide restricted by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) rules. These relatively recent discoveries have allowed for the exploration of more targeted immunotherapies. The transfer of cells with antitumor reactivity is termed adoptive immunotherapy and shows promise in the treatment of selected malignancies. Adoptively transferred T cells have been shown to bring about regression in animal tumor models (4–6), and have been studied in human clinical trials since the 1980’s. It is now evident that the potential of adoptive therapy seen in animal models has not yet fully translated into human models. However, there are well-documented studies demonstrating durable responses in human cancers, most notably renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma. This chapter will focus on the development of adoptive immunotherapy for RCC, its shortcomings, and potential for improvement. Adoptive immunotherapy employing autolymphocyte therapy (ALT), lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK), and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) will be featured, as will other promising approaches.
A ficção como limite: (2018)

Desde a fundação dos Annales, nos anos 1920, as relações interdisciplinares têm assumido grande importância para a história. Porém, o diálogo com a literatura, escrita considerada “ficcional” pelos historiadores, continua especialmente polêmico. Este artigo discute o conceito de “ficção” e procura mostrar que é justamente o traço ficcional que aproxima as escritas da história e da literatura.&#x0D; Palavras-chave: ficção, história, literatura, ciência.
Fluoro-pegylated Chalcones as Positron Emission Tomography Probes for in Vivo Imaging of β-Amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer’s Disease (2009)

This paper describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of fluoro-pegylated (FPEG) chalcones for the imaging of beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). FPEG chalcone derivatives were prepared by the aldol condensation reaction. In binding experiments conducted in vitro using Abeta(1-42) aggregates, the FPEG chalcone derivatives having a dimethylamino group showed higher Ki values (20-50 nM) than those having a monomethylamino or a primary amine group. When the biodistribution of 11C-labeled FPEG chalcone derivatives having a dimethyamino group was examined in normal mice, all four derivatives were found to display sufficient uptake for imaging Abeta plaques in the brain. 18F-labeled 7c also showed good uptake by and clearance from the brain, although a slight difference between the 11C and 18F tracers was observed. When the labeling of Abeta plaques was carried out using brain sections of AD model mice and an AD patient, the FPEG chalcone derivative 7c intensely labeled Abeta plaques. Taken together, the results suggest 7c to be a useful candidate PET tracer for detecting Abeta plaques in the brain of patients with AD.
Immunocytochemical localization of a kallikrein‐like serin protease (Esterase A) in rat salivary glands (1988)

Light and electron microscopic (EM) immunocytochemical methods have been used to localize arginine esterase A, a kinin-generating enzyme immunologically similar to tissue kallikrein, in rat salivary glands. Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to arginine esterase A were used in these studies. By means of a polyclonal antiserum, esterase A was found in granular tubules of submandibular glands and in striated ducts of all three major salivary glands, in a distribution similar to that of tissue kallikrein. With recently developed specific monoclonal antibodies to esterase A, this enzyme was localized in the granules of some (but not all) granular convoluted tubule cells (GCT) and along the basal membranes (but not in apical granules) of striated ducts. By an EM immunoperoxidase method, esterase A was localized subcellularly in granules of some GCT cells and along the basal cell membranes of the tubule and duct system. Thus, this enzyme is found in some sites (GCT granules) shared with tissue kallikrein, but in some unique sites, i.e., basal membranes of striated ducts. The polyclonal antibody used in the present study cross-reacted with tissue kallikrein, but when absorbed with kallikrein, it gave the staining pattern characteristic of monoclonal antibody to esterase A.
A new robust algorithm for solution of pressure/rate deconvolution problem (2009)

Summary: A new robust algorithm for the pressure/rate deconvolution problem, described by Duhamel&apos;s convolution integral, which is a first-kind linear Volterra integral equation, has been developed. A transformation of the convolution integral to a nonlinear one is used to impose explicitly the positivity constraint on the solution. The weighted least-squares method with regularization on the solution by a curvature constraint has been used for computation of the convolution kernel (impulse function or deconvolved pressure) of the system. The algorithm takes into account the errors (or noise) in both the left-hand-side (measured pressures) and flow rate measurements (normally, the time dependent inner boundary condition) of the convolution integral. The solution algorithm also allows one to adjust flow rates and/or the initial reservoir pressure (an initial condition for the solution) during calculations, where both flow rate and the initial pressure may contain some level of uncertainty. For validation of the results of the algorithm, three synthetic examples are presented.