gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Geomechanical Studies on CO2 Sequestrated Rocks in an Aqueous Saline Environment (2018)

Abstract In a quest to reduce the greenhouse gasses, geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in an underground hydrocarbon rock formation or aquifer is one of the most promising alternative to reduce the amount of CO2 release in an open environment. However, long-term storage of CO2 effects the geomechanical and geochemical properties of the host rock. In carbonate aquifers, water dissolves the injected CO2 gas forming carbonic acid which has the tendency to dissolve calcium compounds present in the formation. The dissolution of calcium is particularly worrying since it contributes to the matrix of the rock. Thus, the mechanical properties of the rock are altered, which left unattended could result and in compaction of the formation and surface subsidence. This paper aims to study the degradation of the petrophysical and mechanical properties of two types of rocks namely limestone and sandstone due to the storage of supercritical CO2 for desired amount of time. Supercritical CO2 has low viscosity but high density and has ability to store in large amount within the same space and with the high pumping efficiency. Two different carbonate rocks and one sandstone rock were exposed to a CO2-brine solution at a pressure of 1200 psi and at 120 °C for durations ranging from 10 to 120 days. The mechanical properties were then examined by both static and dynamic mechanical tests along with the routine core analysis (RCA). Results showed that long term CO2 storage affected the mechanical, acoustic and petrophysical parameters of rocks examined in this study, viz., Khuff limestone, Berea Sandstone, and ordinary limestone. The duration of solubility time brine-CO2-rock has a considerable impact on the petrophysical and mechanical parameters of the rock samples. Outcomes of this study also shows that the rock mechanical and petrophysical properties significantly affected when CO2 store for the longer period of time. CO2, rock, and brine interaction is dependent on time consequently the rock mechanical and petrophysical parameters changes are also time dependent. The potential candidate found for geological sequestration of CO2 studied is limestone because of its minimal rock properties altered.
Physiological Characterization of Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E Tolerance to p -Hydroxybenzoate (2001)

Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E was isolated as a toluene-tolerant strain. We show that it is also able to grow on high concentrations (up to 17 g/liter [123 mM]) of p-hydroxybenzoate (4HBA). Tolerance to this aromatic carboxylic acid (up to 30 g/liter [217 mM]) is improved by preexposing the cells to low 4HBA concentrations; the adaptation process is caused by the substrate itself rather than by products resulting from its metabolism. The mechanisms of 4HBA tolerance seem to involve increased rigidity of the cell membrane as a result of a decrease in the cis/trans ratio of unsaturated fatty acids. In addition, energy-dependent efflux systems seem to operate in the exclusion of 4HBA from the cell membranes.
>KODAK's Stream Inkjet Technology (2017)

With any continuous inkjet (CIJ) system, there are three fundamental operations required to achieve the printed product: drop formation, print drop selection, and nonprint drop capture and recirculation. In Stream CIJ technology, the operations of drop formation and print drop selection deviate significantly from traditional CIJ, which employs acoustic drop stimulation for drop formation and electrostatic deflection for print drop selection. The new technologies of thermal drop stimulation combined with air deflection allow Kodak Stream CIJ technology to rapidly eject fluids from closely spaced arrays of nozzles, enabling image quality comparable to offset at speeds that were not previously achieved by inkjet technology. The inks described above can produce high-quality, durable images on low-cost, commercial printing substrates; however, the surface chemistry of the substrate is a critical component of the overall printing system that enables the full potential of the aqueous nanoparticle pigment ink set.
MDCT has the potential to predict percutaneous coronary intervention outcome in swine model: microscopic validation (2012)

MDCT showed the difference in microinfarct size and LAD territory as a function of microemboli volumes and scaled the changes in LV function. This experimental study gives clinicians a reference for the effects of defined microemboli volumes on myocardial viability and LV function and the under-estimation of microinfarct on MDCT.
Simulation of CO2 Storage using a Parameterization Method for Essential Trapping Physics: FluidFlower Benchmark Study (2023)

An efficient compositional framework is developed for simulation of CO2 storage in saline aquifers during a full-cycle injection, migration and post-migration processes. Essential trapping mechanisms, including structural, dissolution, and residual trapping, which operate at different time scales are accurately captured in the presented unified framework. In particular, a parameterization method is proposed to efficiently describe the relevant physical processes. The proposed framework is validated by comparing the dynamics of gravity-induced convective transport with that reported in the literature. Results show good agreement for both the characteristics of descending fingers and the associated dissolution rate. The developed simulator is then applied to study the FluidFlower benchmark model. An experimental setup with heterogeneous geological layers is discretized into a two-dimensional computational domain where numerical simulation is performed. Impacts of hysteresis and the diffusion of CO2 in liquid phase on the migration and trapping of CO2 plume are investigated. Inclusion of the hysteresis effect does not affect plume migration in this benchmark model, whereas diffusion plays an important role in promoting convective mixing. This work casts a promising approach to predict the migration of the CO2 plume, and to assess the amount of trapping from different mechanisms for long-term CO2 storage.
Optimal gossip with direct addressing (2014)

Gossip algorithms spread information in distributed networks by nodes repeatedly forwarding information to a few random contacts. By their very nature, gossip algorithms tend to be distributed and fault tolerant. If done right, they can also be fast and message-efficient. A common model for gossip communication is the random phone call model, in which in each synchronous round each node can PUSH or PULL information to or from a random other node. For example, Karp et al. [FOCS 2000] gave algorithms in this model that spread a message to all nodes in Θ(log n) rounds while sending only O(log log n) messages per node on average. They also showed that at least Θ(log n) rounds are necessary in this model and that algorithms achieving this round-complexity need to send ω(1) messages per node on average. Recently, Avin and Elsasser [DISC 2013], studied the random phone call model with the natural and commonly used assumption of direct addressing. Direct addressing allows nodes to directly contact nodes whose ID (e.g., IP address) was learned before. They show that in this setting, one can "break the log n barrier" and achieve a gossip algorithm running in O(√log n) rounds, albeit while using O(√log n) messages per node.
Proteomic analysis of the phytopathogenic soilborne fungus Verticillium dahliae reveals differential protein expression in isolates that differ in aggressiveness (2009)

Verticillium dahliae is a soilborne fungus that causes a vascular wilt disease of plants and losses in a broad range of economically important crops worldwide. In this study, we compared the proteomes of highly (Vd1396-9) and weakly (Vs06-14) aggressive isolates of V. dahliae to identify protein factors that may contribute to pathogenicity. Twenty-five protein spots were consistently observed as differential in the proteome profiles of the two isolates. The protein sequences in the spots were identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS and MASCOT database searches. Some of the identified sequences shared homology with fungal proteins that have roles in stress response, colonization, melanin biosynthesis, microsclerotia formation, antibiotic resistance, and fungal penetration. These are important functions for infection of the host and survival of the pathogen in soil. One protein found only in the highly aggressive isolate was identified as isochorismatase hydrolase, a potential plant-defense suppressor. This enzyme may inhibit the production of salicylic acid, which is important for plant defense response signaling. Other sequences corresponding to potential pathogenicity factors were identified in the highly aggressive isolate. This work indicates that, in combination with functional genomics, proteomics-based analyses can provide additional insights into pathogenesis and potential management strategies for this disease.
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION INDUCES A CHANGE IN CELL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL in vitro: A POSSIBLE SIGNAL FOR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION INDUCED ALTERATION IN CELL ACTIVITY (1989)

The regulation of a transmembrane ionic gradient, reflected by the cellular membrane potential, has been shown in several cell systems to be involved in the regulation of cell function. This investigation presents evidence that biologically relevant doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) will alter the membrane potential of keratinocytes in vitro. Estimation of the relative change in the steady-state membrane potential of the murine keratinocyte cell line PAM 212, the murine myelomonocytic cell line P388D1, and normal human keratinocytes in culture, were made through the use of the lipophilic cationic membrane potential sensitive probe; triphenylmethylphosphonium. Our observations indicate that UVR composed primarily of UVB (280-320 nm) radiation at doses as low as 100 J/m2 can induce a depolarization in the murine cell lines and a hyperpolarization in human keratinocytes. Evidence suggests that this difference in the direction of the membrane potential response reflects a difference in Na+/K+ ATPase activity following UVR. These results suggest a possible mechanism for modulation of keratinocyte activity induced by UVR.
Telomerase-Based Pharmacologic Enhancement of Antiviral Function of Human CD8+ T Lymphocytes (2008)

Telomerase reverse transcribes telomere DNA onto the ends of linear chromosomes and retards cellular aging. In contrast to most normal somatic cells, which show little or no telomerase activity, immune cells up-regulate telomerase in concert with activation. Nevertheless, during aging and chronic HIV-1 infection, there are high proportions of dysfunctional CD8(+) CTL with short telomeres, suggesting that telomerase is limiting. The present study shows that exposure of CD8(+) T lymphocytes from HIV-infected human donors to a small molecule telomerase activator (TAT2) modestly retards telomere shortening, increases proliferative potential, and, importantly, enhances cytokine/chemokine production and antiviral activity. The enhanced antiviral effects were abrogated in the presence of a potent and specific telomerase inhibitor, suggesting that TAT2 acts primarily through telomerase activation. Our study is the first to use a pharmacological telomerase-based approach to enhance immune function, thus directly addressing the telomere loss immunopathologic facet of chronic viral infection.
Free-running single-photon detection based on a negative feedback InGaAs APD (2012)

InGaAs/InP-based semiconductor avalanche photodiodes are usually employed for single-photon counting at telecom wavelength. However they are affected by afterpulsing which limits the diode performance. Recently, Princeton Lightwave has commercialized a diode integrating monolithically a feedback resistor. This solution effectively quenches the avalanche and drastically reduces afterpulsing. Here, we report the development and characterization of a detector module based on this diode, implementing an active hold-off circuit which further reduces the afterpulsing and notably improves the detector performances. We demonstrate free-running operation with 600 Hz dark count rate at 10% detection efficiency. We also improved the standard double-window technique for the afterpulsing characterization. Our algorithm implemented by a FPGA allows one to put the APD in a well-defined initial condition and to measure the impact of the higher order afterpulses.
TLA+: Whence, Wherefore, and Whither (2009)

The evolution of my ideas on specification and verification, and how they led to the TLA+ specification language. What is good and bad about TLA+. A brief description of the next version of TLA+ and its tools. E.
Supplementary Figure 1 from MicroRNA-Related Genetic Variants Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1 PDF file - 122K, Supplementary figure 1 displays the histogram of p-value in bootstrap analysis&lt;/p&gt;
90Y-Ibritumomab Therapy in Refractory Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Observations from 111In-Ibritumomab Pretreatment Imaging (2008)

A higher rate of complete response after 90Y-ibritumomab treatment was seen in patients with negative 111In-ibritumomab findings, whereas a higher rate of disease progression despite therapy was noted in patients with positive 111In-ibritumomab findings. This observation suggests that patients with bulky disease may require more aggressive management.
All-reflective electronic viewfinder enabled by freeform optics (2019)

Refractive eyepiece design forms are often limited by chromatic aberrations and require a mix of glass types to achieve sufficient correction, thus they are not conducive to manufacture in volume. Reflective surfaces are inherently achromatic and can be produced in volume, but rotationally symmetric reflective surfaces are either used with lossy obscurations or are incapable of correcting rotationally variant aberrations when used in an unobscured form. Freeform optics enable unobscured reflective design forms with excellent image quality. Here, we document the design, fabrication, and assembly of an all-reflective high-end electronic viewfinder that shows the applicability of freeform surfaces to eyepiece design forms.
LaRC(TM)-IA Copolyimides (1995)

Copolyimides modified versions of LaRC(TM)-IA thermoplastic polyimide formulated by incorporating moieties of 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and, alternatively, isophthaloyldiphthalic anhydride (IDPA) into LaRC(TM)-IA polymer backbones. Exhibit higher glass-transition temperatures and retain greater fractions of lower-temperature shear moduli at higher temperatures. Copolyimides spun into fibers or used as adhesives, molding powders, or matrix resins in many applications, especially in fabrication of strong, lightweight structural components of aircraft.
Method for estimating scene parameters from color histograms (1994)

One of the key tools in applying physics-based models to machine vision has been the analysis of color In the mid-1980’s it was recognized that the color histogram for a single inhomogeneous surface histograms. with highlights will have a planar distribution in color space. It has since been shown that the colors do not in a plane but form clusters at specific points. Physics-based models of reflection predict that fall randomly shape of the histogram is related not only to the illumination color and the object color but also to such the properties as surface roughness and imaging geometry. We present an algorithm for analyzing color noncolor histograms that yields estimates of surface roughness, phase angle between the camera and the light source, and illumination intensity. These three scene parameters are related to three histogram measurements. However, the relationship is complex and cannot be solved analytically. Therefore we developed a method for estimating these properties that is based on interpolation between histograms that come from images of known scene properties. We present tests of our algorithm on simulated data, and the results compare well with the known simulation parameters. We also test our method on real images, and the results compare favorably with the actual parameters estimated by other means. Our method for estimating scene properties is very fast and requires only a single color image.
Intervalley scattering by acoustic phonons in two-dimensional MoS2 revealed by double-resonance Raman spectroscopy (2017)

Double-resonance Raman scattering is a sensitive probe to study the electron-phonon scattering pathways in crystals. For semiconducting two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides, the double-resonance Raman process involves different valleys and phonons in the Brillouin zone, and it has not yet been fully understood. Here we present a multiple energy excitation Raman study in conjunction with density functional theory calculations that unveil the double-resonance Raman scattering process in monolayer and bulk MoS<sub>2</sub>. Results show that the frequency of some Raman features shifts when changing the excitation energy, and first-principle simulations confirm that such bands arise from distinct acoustic phonons, connecting different valley states. The double-resonance Raman process is affected by the indirect-to-direct bandgap transition, and a comparison of results in monolayer and bulk allows the assignment of each Raman feature near the M or K points of the Brillouin zone. Our work highlights the underlying physics of intervalley scattering of electrons by acoustic phonons, which is essential for valley depolarization in MoS<sub>2</sub>.
Heat-Resistant Fully Bio-Based Nanocomposite Blends Based on Poly(lactic acid) (2013)

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is melt mixed with polyamide 11 (PA11) to obtain a heat-resistant fully bio-based blend with PLA as the dominant component. The goal is achieved by adding small amounts of organoclay (OMMT), which is used to manipulate the blend microstructure. The selective positioning of the OMMT inside the PA11 and at the PLA/PA11 interface turns the blend morphology from drop/matrix into co-continuous at high PLA content (70 wt%). The OMMT-rich PA11 framework that interpenetrates the major PLA phase effectively contributes to bear stresses, and the nanocomposite blend keeps its structural integrity up to ≈160 °C, i.e., about 100 °C above the PLA glass transition.
Author Correction: Performance assessment and economic analysis of a human Liver-Chip for predictive toxicology (2023)

There was a mistake in Table 5 of this article.The specificity (%) value in the final row of Table 5 (the 'Spheroid' row) read '100', but should have read '67'.There was also a typographical error in the Background section of the Abstract.'Organ-on-a-Chip technology has the potential improve success in drug development pipelines, as it can recapitulate organ-level pathophysiology and clinical responses' should have read 'Organ-on-a-Chip technology has the potential to improve success in drug development pipelines, as it can recapitulate organ-level pathophysiology and clinical responses'.Both mistakes have been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from MR images using relevance feedback (2009)

In this work, we present a learning framework to help early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from magnetic resonance images. Our approach relies on a nearest neighbor (NN) procedure where the similarity measure is obtained via on-line supervised learning. We propose two alternative approaches to learn the similarities between cases. Several experiments on OASIS database establish that, even with weak global visual descriptors and small training sets, this framework has better diagnostic performance than standard classification based approaches and enjoys a certain degree of robustness against incorrect relevance judgments.
Energy Scaling Advantages of Resistive Memory Crossbar Based Computation and Its Application to Sparse Coding (2016)

The exponential increase in data over the last decade presents a significant challenge to analytics efforts that seek to process and interpret such data for various applications. Neural-inspired computing approaches are being developed in order to leverage the computational properties of the analog, low-power data processing observed in biological systems. Analog resistive memory crossbars can perform a parallel read or a vector-matrix multiplication as well as a parallel write or a rank-1 update with high computational efficiency. For an N × N crossbar, these two kernels can be O(N) more energy efficient than a conventional digital memory-based architecture. If the read operation is noise limited, the energy to read a column can be independent of the crossbar size (O(1)). These two kernels form the basis of many neuromorphic algorithms such as image, text, and speech recognition. For instance, these kernels can be applied to a neural sparse coding algorithm to give an O(N) reduction in energy for the entire algorithm when run with finite precision. Sparse coding is a rich problem with a host of applications including computer vision, object tracking, and more generally unsupervised learning.
Transplantation of Thy1+ Cells Accelerates Liver Regeneration by Enhancing the Growth of Small Hepatocyte-Like Progenitor Cells via IL17RB Signaling (2016)

Small hepatocyte-like progenitor cells (SHPCs) transiently form clusters in rat livers treated with retrorsine (Ret)/70% partial hepatectomy (PH). When Thy1<sup>+</sup> cells isolated from d-galactosamine-treated rat livers were transplanted into the livers of Ret/PH-treated rats, the mass of the recipient liver transiently increased during the first 30 days after transplantation, suggesting that liver regeneration was enhanced. Here we addressed how Thy1<sup>+</sup> cell transplantation stimulates liver regeneration. We found that the number and size of SHPC clusters increased in the liver at 14 days after transplantation. GeneChip analysis revealed that interleukin 17 receptor b (IL17rb) expression significantly increased in SHPCs from livers transplanted with Thy1<sup>+</sup> cells. We subsequently searched for ligand-expressing cells and found that sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) and Kupffer cells expressed Il17b and Il25, respectively. Moreover, extracellular vesicles (EVs) separated from the conditioned medium of Thy1<sup>+</sup> cell culture induced IL17b and IL25 expression in SECs and Kupffer cells, respectively. Furthermore, EVs enhanced IL17rb expression in small hepatocytes (SHs), which are hepatocytic progenitor cells; in culture, IL17B stimulated the growth of SHs. These results suggest that Thy1-EVs coordinate IL17RB signaling to enhance liver regeneration by targeting SECs, Kupffer cells, and SHPCs. Indeed, the administration of Thy1-EVs increased the number and size of SHPC clusters in Ret/PH-treated rat livers. Sixty days post-transplantation, most expanded SHPCs entered cellular senescence, and the enlarged liver returned to its normal size. In conclusion, Thy1<sup>+</sup> cell transplantation enhanced liver regeneration by promoting the proliferation of intrinsic hepatic progenitor cells via IL17RB signaling. Stem Cells 2017;35:920-931.