gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting the Degradability of Waste Activated Sludge (2009)

The objective of this study was to identify methods for estimating anaerobic digestibility of waste activated sludge (WAS). The WAS streams were generated in three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) treating municipal wastewater. The wastewater and WAS properties were initially determined through simulation of SBR operation with BioWin (EnviroSim Associates Ltd., Flamborough, Ontario, Canada). Samples of WAS from the SBRs were subsequently characterized through respirometry and batch anaerobic digestion. Respirometry was an effective tool for characterizing the active fraction of WAS and could be a suitable technique for determining sludge composition for input to anaerobic models. Anaerobic digestion of the WAS revealed decreasing methane production and lower chemical oxygen demand removals as the SRT of the sludge increased. BioWin was capable of accurately describing the digestion of the WAS samples for typical digester SRTs. For extended digestion times (i.e., greater than 30 days), some degradation of the endogenous decay products was assumed to achieve accurate simulations for all sludge SRTs.
Simulation of WFT Responses in Heterogeneous Reservoirs. Consequences on Permeability Evaluation at Different Scales (2011)

Because the viscosity of the fluid produced during WFT acquisition is usually poorly known, these data are undervalued for characterising permeability in heterogeneous reservoirs. Moreover, interpretation of pressure transient during WFT provides different values of permeability for draw-down and build-up. Several authors explain these differences only with the anisotropy of the permeability field. In this work, synthetic heterogeneous reservoirs are generated through stochastic simulations of anisotropic permeability fields. Flow simulations of WFT are then conducted in these models, and lead to propose a very new interpretation for the permeability values obtained from WFT. Drawdown permeability is an estimate of the permeability near the probe. Very close to the tool, the pressure drop is only driven by the very small scale permeability, while build-up pressure is controlled by the permeability in a larger volume, according to the extension of the sedimentary structures in which the test is conducted. As far as the driving parameters for both drawdown and buildup permeability from WFT are now identified, one can expect: -to characterise permeability at two different scales, few cm3 (near the probe) and few m3 (in the volume investigated by the WFT). -to deliver additional information on heterogeneity of permeability field.
Obesity and Response to Infliximab in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Pooled Analysis of Individual Participant Data from Clinical Trials (2018)

Based on individual participant data pooled analysis, obesity is not associated with inferior response to infliximab in patients with IBD. Future studies examining the association between obesity and fixed-dose therapies are warranted.
Isolation, Structure and Composition of Cyst Wall of Schizopyrenus russelli* (1971)

SYNOPSIS. A procedure is described for the isolation of cyst wall of Schizopyrenus russelli free of cytoplasmic material. It has 27.3% protein, 37.5% carbohydrate (of which 13.1% is cellulose), and 15.1% lipids. Sialic acid is absent. It has a relatively electrondense inner thick layer and a less electron‐dense outer thin layer. The space between the 2 layers is 25 nm in younger cysts and 2.5 μ in fully mature cysts. This space is filled with a fibrillar spongy material likely to be cellulose.
A widely-tunable substrate-integrated balun filter (2017)

A novel differential coupling structure for tunable evanescent-mode cavity resonators is presented in this paper. The coupling structure is very simple and compact, and presents no design or fabrication challenges relative to a comparable single-ended coupling structure. This new coupling structure is used to realize a high-performance 3-pole tunable balun bandpass filter, which integrates the functionalities of a tunable bandpass filter and a balanced-to-unbalanced transformer (balun). The filter tunes from 3.2 to 6.1 GHz, and has a nominally 2.4% 3-dB fractional bandwidth. It demonstrates state-of-the-art measured amplitude and phase balance among tunable balun filters, with less than 0.2 dB and 0.9 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sup> of in-band amplitude and phase imbalance across its entire tuning range.
Thermal Characteristics of III/V Thin Film Edge Emitting Lasers on Silicon (2010)

We present thermal characteristics of a strain compensated InGaAs/GaAs SQW-SCH thin film laser, integrated onto silicon with a metal- metal interface, and contacts patterned on both sides of the epitaxial layer to improve current confinement. A threshold current density of 262 A/cm 2 is achieved for a 50 m ridge laser of 800 m cavity length, with a lasing wavelength of 1001.52 nm. Lasing was achieved up to 60 oC, and a characteristic temperature To= 49.8 oK was obtained. Theoretical modeling estimated a junction temperature of 67 C for CW operation.
CFD Modeling of an Ultrasonic Separator for the Removal of Lipid Particles From Pericardial Suction Blood (2010)

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is presented to simulate the removal of lipid particles from blood using a novel ultrasonic quarter-wavelength separator. The Lagrangian-Eulerian CFD model accounts for conservation of mass and momentum, for the presence of lipid particles of a range of diameters, for the acoustic force as experienced by the particles in the blood, as well as for gravity and other particle-fluid interaction forces. In the separator, the liquid flows radially inward within a fluid chamber formed between a disc-shaped transducer and a disc-shaped reflector. Following separation of the lipid particles, blood exits the separator axially through a central opening on the disc-shaped reflector. Separator diameters studied varied between 12 and 18 cm, and gap sizes between the discs of 600 μm, 800 μm and 1 mm were considered. Results show a strong effect of residence time of the particles within the chamber on the separation performance. Different separator configurations were identified, which could give a lipid removal performance of 95% or higher when processing 62.5 cm (3)/min of blood. The developed model provides a design method for the selection of geometric and operating parameters for the ultrasonic separator.
Basal Ganglia Modeling in Healthy and Parkinson's Disease State. I. Isolated Neurons Activity (2007)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neuro-degenerative pathology affecting the basal ganglia, a set of small subcortical nervous system nuclei. It induces a progressive necrosis of dopaminergic (i.e., releasing dopamine, a neurotransmitter) cells and, as a consequence, produces altered information patterns along movement-related ganglia-mediated pathways in the brain, thus inducing motor disorders like tremor at rest and postural instability. While pharmacological and electrical therapies are currently available for PD treatment, the mechanisms according to which such disease operates are still partly unclear, due to the lack of knowledge about the basal ganglia role in motor tasks execution. For that reason, in order to shed some light on the inner dynamics of the basal ganglia and investigate how PD alters their electric patterns, we develop a two-stages modeling study: in the present paper we focus on those nuclei involved in the genesis of PD motor symptoms and, for them, develop a conductance-based electrical model able to mimic quantitative data from different in vitro physiological analyses. Such models show how several highly nonlinear electrical behaviors can stem from the interaction between specific ionic currents as particular parameters change. In (S. Santaniello et al., 2007), then, cellular models are inserted in a network scheme to reproduce the main actual anatomical connections and the resulting macroscopic behaviors reported in literature for normal and Parkinsonian conditions.
Mechanically available traction as a limiting factor to curve sprinting performance (2011)

"Mechanically available traction as a limiting factor to curve sprinting performance." Footwear Science, 3(sup1), pp. S100–S101
Test of lepton flavor universality using B0→D*-τ+ντ decays with hadronic τ channels (2023)

The branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}\tau^+\nu_{\tau})$ is measured relative to that of the normalization mode $B^0 \to D^{*-}\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+$ using hadronic $\tau^+ \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^+(\pi^0)\overline{\nu}_{\tau}$ decays in proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb$^{-1}$. The measured ratio is $\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}\tau^+\nu_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+) = 1.79 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.11$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is related to systematic effects. Using established branching fractions for the $B^0 \to D^{*-}\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+$ and $B^0 \to D^{*-}\mu^+\nu_{\mu}$ modes, the lepton universality test, $\mathcal{R}(D^{*-}) \equiv \mathcal{B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}\tau^+\nu_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}\mu^+\nu_{\mu})$ is calculated, $$ \mathcal{R}(D^{*-}) = 0.260 \pm 0.015 \pm 0.016 \pm 0.012\, , $$ where the third uncertainty is due to the uncertainties on the external branching fractions. This result is consistent with the Standard Model prediction and with previous measurements.
Transparent and ‘opaque’ conducting electrodes for ultra-thin highly-efficient near-field thermophotovoltaic cells (2017)

Transparent conducting electrodes play a fundamental role in far-field PhotoVoltaic systems, but have never been thoroughly investigated for near-field applications. Here we show, in the context of near-field planar ultra-thin ThermoPhotoVoltaic cells using surface-plasmon-polariton thermal emitters, that the resonant nature of the nanophotonic system significantly alters the design criteria for the necessary conducting front electrode. The traditional ratio of optical-to-DC conductivities is alone not an adequate figure of merit, instead the desired impedance matching between the emitter and absorber modes along with their coupling to the free-carrier resonance of the front electrode are key for optimal device design and performance. Moreover, we demonstrate that conducting electrodes 'opaque' to incoming far-field radiation can, in fact, be used in the near field with decent performance by taking advantage of evanescent photon tunneling from the emitter to the absorber. Finally, we identify and compare appropriate tunable-by-doping materials for front electrodes in near-field ThermoPhotoVoltaics, specifically molybdenum-doped indium oxide, dysprosium-doped cadmium oxide, graphene and diffused semiconductors, but also for 'opaque' electrodes, tin-doped indium oxide and silver nano-films. Predicted estimated performances include output power density ~10 W/cm <sup>2</sup> with >45% efficiency at 2100 °K emitter temperature and 60 Ω electrode square resistance, thus increasing the promise for high-performance practical devices.
High-mobility AlAs quantum wells with out-of-plane valley occupation (2006)

Employing state-of-the-art molecular beam epitaxy techniques to grow thin, modulation-doped AlAs quantum wells, we have achieved a low temperature mobility of 5.5m2∕Vs with out-of-plane occupation, an order of magnitude improvement over previous studies. However, from the narrow well width, mobilities are still limited by scattering due to interface roughness disorder. We demonstrate the implementation of a technique utilizing thermally induced, biaxial, tensile strain that forces electrons to occupy the out-of-plane valley in thicker quantum wells, reducing interface roughness scattering and allowing us to achieve mobilities as high as 8.8m2∕Vs.
Characterization of the CATS Protein Which Interacts with the Leukemogenic Fusion Protein CALM/AF10 Using Mono-Clonal Antibodies and Fluroescent Protein Tags. (2005)

Abstract The CATS gene was first identified in a yeast two hybrid screen as CALM interacting protein expressed in thymus and spleen. The CATS interaction region of CALM is contained in the leukemogenic fusion protein CALM/AF10, which is found in acute myeloid leukemia, malignant lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We performed co-immunoprecipitation experiments to confirm CALM-CATS interaction found in the yeast system. RT PCR analysis showed CATS expression in patient cells and cell line carrying the CALM/AF10 rearrangement. Further expression analysis showed CATS expression in different cell subpopulation from the murine thymus (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) and bone marrow (cKit+, Sca 1+/CKit+, Ter119, Gr1, CD8+, Mac1) but nearly absent in B220 positive cells. Interestingly, there was a high CATS expression in CALM/AF10 expressing B220+ leukemic cells in a CALM/AF10 murine bone marrow transplant model. Several monoclonal antibodies against the C-terminus of human CATS were generated. These antibodies recognize both the human and the murine CATS protein. Using these antibodies we could show a high expression of CATS in different human leukemia, lymphoma and solid tumor cell lines, as well as in normal proliferating cell lines (HEK293 and WI38), but not in T-cell lines (TYRF8 and JB4). Using protein lysates from cell cycle synchronized cells (Hela and U2OS) a clear cell cycle dependent regulation of CATS protein levels was demonstrated. Moreover, Western Blot analysis shows that serum stimulation after serum starvation leads to increased expression of CATS in the glioblastoma cell line T98G. Immunofluorescence shows that CATS is localized mainly to the nucleus. Coexpression of CFP-CATS with YFP tagged CALM or CALM/AF10 was able to markedly increase the nuclear localization of both CALM and the CALM/AF10 fusion protein. This effect of CATS is stronger on the YFP-CALM/AF10 fusion protein than on the CALM protein. When fused to a GAL4 DNA binding domain, CATS acts as a strong repressor of transcription in reporter gene assays. Our results indicate that the subcellular localization of CALM and CALM/AF10 could depend in part on the presence of CATS with a greater fraction of CALM or CALM/AF10 being present in the nucleus in cells with high CATS expression (e.g. lymphoid cells). The CALM-CATS interaction might thus play an important role in CALM/AF10 mediated leukemogenesis.
Antimalarial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antileishmanial Activities and Cytotoxicity of Bis(9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridines):  Influence of the Linker (2000)

Forty bis(9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridines), in which acridine moieties are joined by alkanediamines, polyamines, or polyamines substituted by a side chain, were synthesized and tested for their in vitro activity upon the erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum, trypomastigote stage of Trypanosoma brucei, and amastigote stage of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania infantum as well as for their cytotoxic effects upon MRC-5 cells. Results clearly showed the importance of the nature of the linker and of its side chain for antiparasitic activity, cytotoxicity, and cellular localization. Among several compounds devoid of cytotoxic effects at 25 microM upon MRC-5 cells, one displayed IC(50) values ranging from 8 to 18 nM against different P. falciparum strains while three others totally inhibited T. brucei at 1.56 microM.
Prognostic Significance of Transcription Factor E2F-1 in Bladder Cancer: Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization (1999)

E2F-1 alterations occur at the phenotypic level, rather than at the genotypic level, in bladder cancer. The adverse outcome for patients whose tumors exhibit low E2F-1 nuclear expression suggests a possible tumor suppressor role for E2F-1 in bladder cancer.
Extended Passband Bandstop Filter Cascade With Continuous 0.85–6.6-GHz Coverage (2011)

This paper presents a cascade of tunable bandstop filters with a wide spurious-free upper passband, which is completely spanned by the tuning range of the notch responses. A collection of resonators is shown to be able to provide bandstop filter responses over a 7.8 to 1 tuning range. By using spurious-free upper passband aperture-coupled cavity bandstop filters, multiple resonators, each with octave tuning, can cover a multioctave frequency range in a cascade. It is shown that the upper passband of this type of filter is limited by the reactance of the coupling apertures, which produce an unwanted in-band resonance unless designed properly. The details of this design process are explained and used to design a six-resonator bandstop filter cascade that is able to provide a bandstop filter response with up to 55 dB attenuation over the continuous band of 0.85-6.6 GHz. Through dynamic allocation of the cascade circuit's transmission zeros, one-, two-, three-, and four-pole bandstop filter responses of variable bandwidth can be realized over different frequency ranges, offering numerous bandwidth-attenuation level tradeoff combinations.
Detection of novel leukocyte differentiation antigens on basophils and mast cells by HLDA8 antibodies (2006)

Extensive phenotyping with antibodies against novel CD antigens provides further evidence that BA and MC represent two separate hematopoietic cell lineages with unique phenotypic properties observed in mature cells as well as malignant immature cells. Further studies are required to define the functional role of these CD antigens expressed in BA and MC.
System configuration of 3D space manipulator. (1988)

宇宙用マニピュレータとして, たわみやすい軽量化構造のマニピュレータが考えられてきた.このような弾性を有するマニピュレータに関する研究は近年盛んに行われている。しかし制御対象は殆ど平面内に拘束された1ないし2関節程度のもので, 現実のマニピュレータにはほど遠い, 著者らは実用性の観点か5三次元的に動作する弾性マニピュレータの一構成法を提案し, さらにこの方法に従って, 従来おこなわれていなかった三次元弾性マニピュレータ系の制御実験を行い, よい結果を得た.
Octave-level spectral broadening in RPE PPLN waveguides (2007)

We demonstrate octave-level spectral broadening of mode-locked Er- and Yb-doped femtosecond fiber lasers inside constant-period and chirped RPE PPLN waveguides. Chirped QPM gratings greatly improve spectral broadening of Yb-fiber lasers.
Self-Programming: Operationalizing Autonomy (2009)

Lacking an operational definition of autonomy has considerably weakened the concept's impact in systems engineering. Most current "autonomous" systems are built to operate in conditions more or less fully described a priori, which is insufficient for achieving highly autonomous systems that adapt efficiently to unforeseen situations. In an effort to clarify the nature of autonomy we propose an operational definition of autonomy: a self-programming process. We introduce Ikon Flux, a proto-architecture for self-programming systems and we describe how it meets key requirements for the construction of such systems.
An implementation of inverse kinematic functions for control of a redundant wrist (2003)

A class of industrial tasks requires two-degree-of-freedom wrists to point an axisymmetric tool mounted at the end of a robot arm in a specified direction. Due to inherent deficiencies of wrists, such as joint limits and singular positions, the workspace of the tool on a pointing sphere is limited. A three-degree-of-freedom wrist is a redundant mechanism for point tasks. Using inverse functions, it is shown that with a redundant mechanism the workspace on the pointing sphere can be significantly improved by positioning degenerate regions at suitable areas in the workspace. The authors review arguments toward the design of an ideal redundant wrist for pointing tasks and propose an optimal modification of the wrist of an existing PUMA-560 arm. The main considerations in the modified design are existing joint limits and collisions of the total structure with the forearm. Plots of the joint angles and the joint rates in the workspace are presented. The experimental results confirm that the predicted workspace improvements are attained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Table S1 from MCL1 and DEDD Promote Urothelial Carcinoma Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Copy number variation (CNV) of samples in TCGA&lt;/p&gt;
Perspectives on how to evaluate augmented reality technology tools for education: a systematic review (2019)

Education has benefited from augmented reality’s (AR) potential to promote interactive experiences both inside and outside the classroom. A systematic review was conducted on how AR’s impact in the learning process has been evaluated. We selected papers from 2009 to 2017 in three databases, IEEE, ACM, and Science Direct, using an open-source crawler, and in one Brazilian Conference, SBIE. We followed the PRISMA protocol. Forty-five works were selected and used to extract data for our research. They were also analyzed according to quantitative and qualitative criteria. The results from all the papers are available in an online database. Results evidenced an increase in the number of papers evaluating the AR’s impact in education. They also showed that AR has been applied in different areas and contexts. Most papers reported positive outcomes as a result of AR insertion. However, most studies lacked the involvement of the teacher and the use of multiple metrics to evaluate educational gains.
Novel One-Pot Synthetic Method for Propargyl Alcohol Derivatives from Allyl Alcohol Derivatives (2015)

An efficient one-pot procedure for the synthesis of propargyl alcohol derivatives from allyl alcohol derivatives has been developed. The key to this transformation from a C–C double bond to a C–C triple bond is that hydrogen bromide elimination from 1,2-dibromoalkanes that contain a neighboring oxygen functional group is promoted by the inductive electron-withdrawing effect of the oxygen functional group. In the one-pot reaction, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide was the best base, and the addition of molecular sieves 13X also promoted the reaction.
Multipotency of mouse trophoblast stem cells (2020)

Our findings demonstrate that CD117<sup>+</sup> TSCs have the properties of stem cells including clonogenicity, self-renewal, and multipotency. In utero administration of CD117<sup>+</sup> TSCs engraft and differentiate into resident cells of the lung, heart, and retina during mouse development.
Biomechanical analysis of a novel hook-screw technique for C1–2 stabilization (2012)

The screw-claw-rod technique restricts motion much like the standard Harms technique, making it an acceptable alternative technique when aberrant arterial anatomy precludes the placement of C-2 pars/pedicle screws or C1-2 transarticular screws.