gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of aneurysm healing by P(DLLA-co-TMC)-coated coils enabling the controlled release of vascular endothelial growth factor (2014)

Since the introduction of the detachable coil in endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, the in-hospital mortality rate has been significantly decreased. Recurrence of the aneurysm remains the major drawback of using detachable coils. We prepared a bioactive coil coated with poly(d,l-lactide)-7co-(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (P(DLLA-co-TMC)), a novel copolymer for controlling the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Platinum coils were prepared by successive coating with cationic P(DLLA-co-TMC) and anionic heparin. Then, recombinant human VEGF-165 (rhVEGF) was immobilized by affinity binding to heparin. The morphological characteristics and sustained in vitro release of rhVEGF were examined using scanning electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The efficacy of these novel coils modified by P(DLLA-co-TMC)/rhVEGF was tested using a common carotid artery aneurysm model in rats. Experimental aneurysms were embolized with unmodified, P(DLLA-co-TMC)/heparin-coated or P(DLLA-co-TMC)/rhVEGF-coated platinum coils (n = 18). The coils were removed on days 15, 30 and 90 after insertion, and the histological and immunohistochemical analysis of factor VIII was performed to confirm the presence of endothelial cells in the organized area. In addition, the controlled in vivo release of VEGF was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The release of VEGF tended to increase during the whole period and no burst release was observed. In the group treated with P(DLLA-co-TMC)/rhVEGF-coated platinum coils, clot organization and endothelial cell proliferation were accelerated. The immunohistochemistry study showed that the expression of factor VIII was found in the P(DLLA-co-TMC)/rhVEGF-coated coil group but not in the other two groups. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis confirmed that the major released VEGF in the aneurysm sac was from the P(DLLA-co-TMC)/VEGF-coated coil. P(DLLA-co-TMC)/rhVEGF-coated platinum coils can promote clot organization and endothelial cell proliferation in a rat aneurysm model.
Replication Timing of DNA Sequences Associated with Human Centromeres and Telomeres (1990)

The timing of replication of centromere-associated human alpha satellite DNA from chromosomes X, 17, and 7 as well as of human telomeric sequences was determined by using density-labeling methods and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Alpha satellite sequences replicated late in S phase; however, the alpha satellite sequences of the three chromosomes studied replicated at slightly different times. Human telomeres were found to replicate throughout most of S phase. These results are consistent with a model in which multiple initiations of replication occur at a characteristic time within the alpha satellite repeats of a particular chromosome, while the replication timing of telomeric sequences is determined by either telomeric origins that can initiate at different times during S phase or by replication origins within the flanking chromosomal DNA sequences.
Wavelength-selective thermal extraction for higher efficiency and power density thermophotovoltaics (2018)

Thermophotovoltaics have long been of interest as an energy conversion technology but suffer from low power density and low efficiency. Structured emitters designed to alter the emission spectrum and increase the efficiency are not stable at the necessary high emitter temperatures and also reduce the power density. Here, we propose a wavelength-selective thermal extraction device that mitigates these challenges and demonstrate a transfer-printing process needed to fabricate the device. The device consists of a ZnS solid hemisphere with a patterned thin film optical filter that passively increases the far-field radiated flux from an emitter within a wavelength band near the bandgap of a photovoltaic cell. Crucially, the device does not need to be in physical contact with the emitter and thus can be maintained at a lower temperature, circumventing the thermal stability challenge. Our work helps one to address long-standing issues with applications of thermophotovoltaics.
Automated brain QSM computation pipeline deployed in the European Open Science Cloud. (2023)

Abstract and digital poster for the QSM4SENIOR project, presented at the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) 2023.
Apolipoprotein E4 Stimulates cAMP Response Element-binding Protein Transcriptional Activity through the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway (2001)

Inheritance of the epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) is a major risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the association between APOE4 and AD is well documented, the mechanism by which apolipoprotein E exerts an isoform-specific effect on neurons in disease is unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that apoE4 stimulates the transcriptional activity of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade in rat primary hippocampal neurons. In contrast, apoE3 was unable to stimulate CREB transcriptional activity and unable to activate the ERK pathway. Elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) levels are also involved because treatment with receptor-associated protein, nifedipine, MK801, removal of Ca(2+) from the medium and dantrolene all served to inhibit calcium elevation and attenuate the activation of CREB. Treatment with an apoE peptide was also found to facilitate transcription of the CREB-dependent genes, c-fos and Bcl-2. In contrast to treatment with apoE3, our findings suggest apoE4 and apoE-peptide induce a novel signaling pathway.
Determination of solution polymerization kinetics by near-infrared spectroscopy. 1. Living anionic polymerization processes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of solution polymerization kinetics by near-infrared spectroscopy. 1. Living anionic polymerization processesT. E. Long, H. Y. Liu, B. A. Schell, David M. Teegarden, and D. S. UerzCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 23, 6237–6242Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00075a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00075a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views604Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combined agonists act synergistically to increase mucociliary clearance in a cystic fibrosis airway model (2021)

Mucus clearance, a primary innate defense mechanism of airways, is defective in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and CF animals. In previous work, the combination of a low dose of the cholinergic agonist, carbachol with forskolin or a β adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol synergistically increased mucociliary clearance velocity (MCCV) in ferret tracheas. Importantly, the present study shows that synergistic MCCV can also be produced in CF ferrets, with increases ~ 55% of WT. Synergistic MCCV was also produced in pigs. The combined agonists increased MCCV by increasing surface fluid via multiple mechanisms: increased fluid secretion from submucosal glands, increased anion secretion across surface epithelia and decreased Na<sup>+</sup> absorption. To avoid bronchoconstriction, the cAMP agonist was applied 30 min before carbachol. This approach to increasing mucus clearance warrants testing for safety and efficacy in humans as a potential therapeutic for muco-obstructive diseases.
Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects (2020)

Copy number variants (CNVs) have been strongly implicated in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, genome-wide investigation of the contribution of CNV to risk has been hampered by limited sample sizes. We sought to address this obstacle by applying a centralized analysis pipeline to a SCZ cohort of 21,094 cases and 20,227 controls. A global enrichment of CNV burden was observed in cases (OR=1.11, P=5.7×10−15), which persisted after excluding loci implicated in previous studies (OR=1.07, P=1.7 ×10−6). CNV burden was enriched for genes associated with synaptic function (OR = 1.68, P = 2.8 ×10−11) and neurobehavioral phenotypes in mouse (OR = 1.18, P= 7.3 ×10−5). Genome-wide significant evidence was obtained for eight loci, including 1q21.1, 2p16.3 (NRXN1), 3q29, 7q11.2, 15q13.3, distal 16p11.2, proximal 16p11.2 and 22q11.2. Suggestive support was found for eight additional candidate susceptibility and protective loci, which consisted predominantly of CNVs mediated by non-allelic homologous recombination.
Mechanisms of enhanced sub-bandgap absorption in high-speed all-silicon avalanche photodiodes (2022)

All-silicon (Si) photodiodes have drawn significant interest due to their single and simple material system and perfect compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor photonics. With the help from a cavity enhancement effect, many of these photodiodes have shown considerably high responsivity at telecommunication wavelengths such as 1310 nm, yet the mechanisms for such high responsivity remain unexplained. In this work, an all-Si microring is studied systematically as a photodiode to unfold the various absorption mechanisms. At <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m1"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo form="prefix">−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6.4</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , the microring exhibits responsivity up to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m2"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo form="prefix">∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.53</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">A</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">W</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with avalanche gain, a 3 dB bandwidth of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m3"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo form="prefix">∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>25.5</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mi>GHz</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and open-eye diagrams up to 100 Gb/s. The measured results reveal the hybrid absorption mechanisms inside the device. A comprehensive model is reported to describe its working principle, which can guide future designs and make the all-Si microring photodiode a promising building block in Si photonics.
Methodology and Case Studies of Signal-in-Space Error Calculation Top-down Meets Bottom-up (2009)

Signal in space (SIS) errors are a major error source for
the Global Positioning System (GPS). They are defined as
any errors related to satellite transmission, mainly satellite
position and clock errors. A better understanding and
characterization of the signal in space errors are essential
for GPS integrity, because the SIS errors are a metric to
determine satellite outages or failures. The statistics of the
SIS errors are an important factor to monitor the system
performance in terms of integrity. We present two methods to calculate SIS errors. One is
called top-down, which is based on high data rate dual
frequency measurements obtained from the Wide Area
Augmentation System (WAAS) or the National Satellite
Test Bed (NSTB) networks. The SIS errors of a satellite
are obtained by stripping off all non-SIS errors from the
total pseudo-range error. We apply our algorithm to
L1/L2 measurements now as an intermediate step to
migrate to L1/L5 measurements when L5 signals are
available in the future. The other way of characterizing
SIS errors is the bottom-up method, which builds up the
SIS errors by summing the satellite position errors and
satellite clock errors, etc. The satellite position and clock
errors are calculated by differentiating broadcast and
precise ephemerides obtained from the International
GNSS Service (IGS) network and the National Geospatial
Intelligence (NGA) network, respectively. The top-down
and bottom-up methods well complement each other.
In the second part of the paper, we apply the top-down
and bottom-up methods to two actual satellite outages
from 2007. The results show that the two methods match
well no matter whether a satellite is faulted or not. The
discrepancies of the two methods are currently within +/-
4 meters and are independent of the carrier smoothing
filter length.
A rapid method to clinically assess the effect of an anti‐acne formulation (2010)

Historically, clinical evaluation of acne treatment has been based on direct visual assessment and the counting of lesions over a period of several weeks of treatment. However, with advancing technology there has been ever-increasing speed in the effectiveness of these treatments. To successfully assess these faster treatments, acne pathology needs to be evaluated in a shorter time frame. The object of these studies was to develop techniques to evaluate individual acne lesions in a shorter time frame and to assess speedier treatment technologies. Ten healthy volunteers with acne lesions on their upper backs were recruited for the study. Two inflamed acne lesions were selected for each treatment, along with lesions to be left untreated, on each volunteer. Each lesion was marked, photographed, and visually graded. A skin surface microscope (Scopeman) was used to visualize size and to grade the lesions by two experts every day for five days. The sites were treated once a day for the course of the study. There was a remarkable reduction in the size and erythema of acne lesions after treatment with the acne formulation as compared to the untreated and vehicle-treated lesions. Individual lesions, both treated and untreated, appeared resolved in 14 days. This resolution can be noticeably accelerated by topical treatments. We have developed a simple and faster clinical method to evaluate the effects of topical anti-acne technology.
Structure Formation of Hypereutectic Al-Si-Alloys Produced by Laser Surface Treatment (2013)

S.389-394
Robust and Adaptive Temporal-Difference Learning Using An Ensemble of Gaussian Processes (2021)

Value function approximation is a crucial module for policy evaluation in reinforcement learning when the state space is large or continuous. The present paper takes a generative perspective on policy evaluation via temporal-difference (TD) learning, where a Gaussian process (GP) prior is presumed on the sought value function, and instantaneous rewards are probabilistically generated based on value function evaluations at two consecutive states. Capitalizing on a random feature-based approximant of the GP prior, an online scalable (OS) approach, termed {OS-GPTD}, is developed to estimate the value function for a given policy by observing a sequence of state-reward pairs. To benchmark the performance of OS-GPTD even in an adversarial setting, where the modeling assumptions are violated, complementary worst-case analyses are performed by upper-bounding the cumulative Bellman error as well as the long-term reward prediction error, relative to their counterparts from a fixed value function estimator with the entire state-reward trajectory in hindsight. Moreover, to alleviate the limited expressiveness associated with a single fixed kernel, a weighted ensemble (E) of GP priors is employed to yield an alternative scheme, termed OS-EGPTD, that can jointly infer the value function, and select interactively the EGP kernel on-the-fly. Finally, performances of the novel OS-(E)GPTD schemes are evaluated on two benchmark problems.
Elevated ZNF703 Protein Expression Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor for Survival of the Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2015)

ZNF703 overexpression is associated with adverse prognosis in HNSCC, which might be a novel biomarker of HNSCC.
High Triplet Energy Hosts for Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2020)

Abstract Blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been a bottleneck for OLEDs lighting and flexible displays. Improving the operational lifetimes and simultaneously decreasing efficiency roll‐off while maintaining high quantum efficiency is currently a challenge in the scientific community and industry. Optimizing the fabrication process of devices and developing stable and efficient luminescence and transporting materials and developing host materials with high triplet energy is an effective way to overcome this obstacle. On the one hand, the host material can disperse the blue emitters to reduce the possibility of exciton annihilation. On the other hand, it can adjust the carrier transport, exciton formation, and energy transfer in the device. In recent years, many efforts have been undertaken for the design, synthesis, and applications of the novel host. A systematic summary and comments on the recent advances of high triplet energy hosts for blue OLEDs are provided here, which specifically include bipolar transport hosts, single thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) hosts, TADF assistant hosts, exciplex hosts, exciplex free type mixed hosts, and electroplex hosts. Moreover, future prospects for host for high performance blue OLEDs are also proposed.
Behavioral assessment of aging in male Fischer 344 and Brown Norway rat strains and their F1 hybrid (1994)

Male Fischer-344 (F344) and Brown Norway (BN) rats 7-, 13-, and 24-month-old and their F344 x BN hybrid (F1) 7-, 13-, 24- and 31-month-old were tested in a behavioral battery (15-min and 24-h locomotor activity, inclined screen, rod suspension, rotorod, shock-motivated learning in a straight runway and 14-unit T maze). Necropsy was performed 3 days later and the results rated for pathology (i.e., severity of lesions observed). Age-related performance declines were observed in all behavioral tests except 15-min locomotor activity. Strain effects were observed in 15-min (BN more active than F344 and F1) and 24-h locomotor activity test (F344 more active than BN and F1 strains); rotorod performance (F344 fell more than BN and F1); and in all measures [errors (E), runtime (RT)], shock frequency (SF), and duration (SD)] in the 14-unit T maze (F344 worse than BN, BN worse than F1). T maze performance of 31-month-old F1 rats was deficient in RT, SD, and SF but E performance was equivalent to that of 7-month-old F1 rats. In a second experiment, only 7- and 31-month-old F1 rats were tested in the 14-unit T maze and the results obtained in Experiment 1 were replicated. Gross necropsy revealed age and strain effects in the number of lesions observed and the mean ratings of pathology. The 24-month-old F344 rats exhibited the greatest number of lesions and had the highest ratings (generally observed as chronic nephrosis and enlarged spleens characteristic of mononuclear cell leukemia). BN rats exhibited a high incidence of hydronephrosis at all age levels. While experiencing less obvious pathology, F1 rats experienced a significant number of lesions in the 31-month-old group. Pathology ratings correlated with behavioral performance but only for a few tests (e.g., SD and RT in 14 unit T maze in 24-month-old F344). Thus, behavioral performance declined with age and the battery of tests differentiated between the strains tested (in general, F344 worse than BN; BN worse than F1). The correlation of pathology ratings at gross necropsy with behavior did not appear to be systematic, suggesting that morbidity was not responsible for the age-related performance declines. However, more extensive evaluation of the relationship of age-related changes in health status to behavior with larger samples of rats is suggested.
Immunocapture of prostate cancer cells with anti-PSMA antibodies in microdevices (2011)

This document reports the performance of anti-PSMA monoclonal antibodies in microfludic devices for the isolation of circulating prostate cancer cells.
Living-donor kidney transplantation at Mayo Clinic--Rochester. (2002)

With the established benefits of living-donor kidney transplantation, our primary emphasis at Mayo Clinic, Rochester has been to develop protocols that allow living donation to occur even in the presence of relatively unusual or generally contraindicated situations. This approach has significantly increased the number of patients receiving kidney transplants in the past few years. Our protocols for extended criteria donors and recipients along with the exclusive use of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy have been major contributors to the increase in volume. ABO-incompatible and positive-crossmatch living-donor kidney transplant protocols also have increased the availability of transplants for our patients. Protocol biopsies have aided in the diagnosis of subclinical rejection, polyoma virus and chronic allograft nephropathy. Innovative immunosuppressive protocols such as calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression have decreased rejection and improved both short and long-term renal allograft survival.
An Organic Computing Perspective on Self-Improving System Interweaving at Runtime (2016)

The complexity of today's technical systems evolves over long periods of time. For example, systems may join or split, while subsystems may change their behaviour. We often observe that subsystems not intended to interact get coupled and influence each other. Apart from ICT-based coupling, as via the Internet, we also observe both direct and indirect interaction via the physical and social world as systems explicitly react to human behaviour and environmental conditions - and influence both through theiractions. Thus, any two (sub-)systems coming into contact with the same part of the environment or group of users can influence each other in ways that can hardly be anticipated at design-time. Undesired effects may be the consequence of unintended, implicit interaction of elements that were not fully predictable or relevant beforehand. The existence ofsuch effects is not a design decision, they are already present in the richness of our complex systems and components and their number is increasing. In previous work, we discussed some of the problems in continually integrating these complex systems, and in this paper, we dig deeper into both the challenges entailed in 'interwoven systems' and discuss some of the necessary aspects to developing architectures that will address these challenges.