gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-17 signaling inducibly degrades ABIN1, a constitutive inhibitor of inflammatory signaling (2017)

Abstract IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that drives autoimmune diseases and promotes immunity to fungi. IL-17 binding to the IL-17 receptor initiates recruitment of adaptor proteins that activate NF-κB. IL-17 also induces expression of A20, a feedback inhibitor that restricts NF-κB activation and limits IL-17-dependent inflammation. ABIN1 is an A20 binding protein that has been implicated in autoimmunity in human genetic studies, so we hypothesized that ABIN1 might also play a role in restricting IL-17-dependent signaling. Indeed, ABIN1 inhibited the IL-17 pathway based on RNA silencing analyses. Specifically, the expression of the IL-17-dependent gene lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) increased at both basal levels and after stimulation upon ABIN1 knockdown. Consistently, reconstitution of ABIN1-deficient fibroblasts with ABIN1 also decreased both Lcn2 expression and promoter activation. However, while ABIN1 mRNA increased after IL-17A stimulation, ABIN1 protein progressively decreased following its inducible phosphorylation. Although feedback loops are commonly seen in signaling pathways, differential regulation of mRNA and protein of the same gene are not as common. Thus, we now propose that ABIN1 serves as a constitutive inhibitor of NF-κB signaling. While ABIN1 mRNA is induced by NF-κB at the mRNA level, removal of the ABIN1 protein is required to initiate signal transduction. Unexpectedly, we discovered that A20 is dispensable for both IL-17-mediated degradation of ABIN1 and for ABIN1-dependent inhibition of IL-17 signaling. Altogether, these findings suggest that ABIN1 is a tonic NF-κB inhibitor, and that IL-17 signaling induces its degradation independently of A20 to enhance expression of NF-κB-dependent genes such as Lcn2.
The Effect of Hidden Terminal Interference on Safety-Critical Traffic in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (2016)

In Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) where safety applications rely on broadcast communications, the hidden terminal problem can severely impact the reliability of these applications. Particularly, in forced flow traffic scenarios as the primary case of safety-critical situations, reliability is paramount for inter-vehicle communications to be useful. Not surprising, in these scenarios, the hidden terminal effect is expected to be especially severe, mainly due to the high vehicle density. Accurate characterization of this problem and the extent of its impact on reliability requires that realistic aspects of the traffic system and radio propagation environment are taken into consideration. In this paper, we investigate the hidden terminal problem under realistic conditions with focus on safety-critical traffic scenarios. A state-of-the-art radio propagation model targeted for vehicular environments is employed to characterise the interference power induced by hidden nodes. Our combinations of experiments with various velocities and lane configurations show that, in a road segment operating at full capacity, the hidden terminal interference causes a significant decline in the reachable distance of safety messages, leading to broadcast coverage smaller than safety applications requirements.
A New Class of Dual‐Targeted Antivirals: Monophosphorylated Acyclovir Prodrug Derivatives Suppress Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (2010)

Acyclovir ProTides represent a new class of antivirals that suppress both HIV-1 and HSV-2 by directly and independently blocking the key replicative enzymes of both viruses. Further optimization of such compounds may lead to double-targeted antivirals that can prevent viral transmission and treat the 2 synergistic diseases caused by HIV-1 and HSV-2. To our knowledge, the acyclovir ProTides described here represent the first example of acyclic nucleoside monophosphate prodrugs being active against HIV-1.
UNEXPECTEDLY HIGH CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS IN THE HYDROGENATION OF NITROBENZENE (2010)

The performance of ruthenium nanoparticles as quasi-homogeneous catalyst for the concurrent hydrogenation of the nitro group and the aromatic ring in nitrobenzene was compared to a classic carbon supported Ru/C catalyst. When the tartaric acid and glycine based ionic liquids [TA2-][N+8888]2 and [Gly-][N+8888], respectively, were used for stabilizing the ruthenium nanoparticles, catalytic activity and selectivity to cyclohexylamine were similar to the Ru/C catalyst. In contrast, Ru nanoparticles stabilised with the dimethylglycine based ionic liquid [Me2Gly-][N+8888] provided high selectivity to aniline. With Ru/C, the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was faster than of aniline. These observations were rationalised in terms of binding strength of the stabiliser and intermediates to the ruthenium surface and consequent changes in the elementary steps.
Emission wavelength independence of the excitation polarization of tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(2+) (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleEmission wavelength independence of the excitation polarization of tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(2+)R. L. Blakley, M. L. Myrick, and M. K. DeArmondCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 3, 589–590Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00276a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00276a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The impact of concurrency gains on the analysis and control of multi-threaded Internet services (2005)

With the proliferation of Internet services, many solutions have emerged to provide quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees when the demands for the hosted services exceed the server's capacity. We take an analytical approach to answering key questions in the design and performance of application-level QoS techniques, especially those that are based on the multi-threading or multi-processing abstraction. Key to our analysis is the integration of the effects of concurrency into the interactions between multi-threaded services. To this end, we extend traditional time-sharing models to develop the multi-threaded round-robin (MTRR) servers, a more accurate model of operation of typical multi-threaded Internet services. For this model, we first develop powerful, yet computationally-efficient, mathematical relationships that describe the performance (in terms of throughput and response time) of multi-threaded services. We then apply optimization techniques to derive the optimal allocation of threads given specific QoS objective functions. Using realistic workloads on a typical Web server, we show the efficacy and accuracy of the proposed new methodology.
Wet Chemical Etching of InP for Cleaning Applications (2013)

The wet chemical etching of InP and its native oxide has been studied in HCl and H2SO4 solution to create oxide-free surfaces. The (100) InP surface is not etched in ≤2 M HCl and ≤6 M H2SO4. As the vetch <0.1 nm/min for these concentrations, the native oxide after OFOD treatment can be effectively removed without significantly etching the surface, as confirmed by contact angle measurements, ellipsometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. STM and AFM measurements showed that after OFOD treatment and subsequent oxide removal very smooth surfaces are achieved due to the creation of atomic terraces. The size of these terraces can be increased up to micron-size in 6 M H2SO4. Furthermore, it was shown that in presence of oxygen, n-type InP is photoetched/oxidized during wet processing. Last, the anisotropy in etching is discussed for InP in 2 M HCl and 2 M H2SO4.
AES and SNOW 3G are Feasible Choices for a 5G Phone from Energy\n Perspective (2017)

The aspirations for a 5th generation (5G) mobile network are high. It has a\nvision of unprecedented data-rate and extremely pervasive connectivity. To\ncater such aspirations in a mobile phone, many existing efficiency aspects of a\nmobile phone need to be reviewed. We look into the matter of required energy to\nencrypt and decrypt the huge amount of traffic that will leave from and enter\ninto a 5G enabled mobile phone. In this paper, we present an account of the\npower consumption details of the efficient hardware implementations of AES and\nSNOW 3G. We also present an account of the power consumption details of LTE\nprotocol stack on some cutting edge hardware platforms. Based on the\naforementioned two accounts, we argue that the energy requirement for the\ncurrent encryption systems AES and SNOW 3G will not impact the battery-life of\na 5G enabled mobile phone by any significant proportion.\n
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE ALKOXYSELENATION OF SUBSTITUTED 3,4‐DIHYDROPYRANS: A USEFUL PROCESS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF 2‐ALKOXY‐5,6‐DIHYDRO‐2H‐PYRANS (1980)

Abstract Das Dihydropyran (I) läßt sich mit Phenylselenylchlorid und Methanol zum Derivat (II) alkoxyselenieren.
A Mutual Prodrug Ester of GABA and Perphenazine Exhibits Antischizophrenic Efficacy with Diminished Extrapyramidal Effects (2008)

The perphenazine and fluphenazine GABA esters 3 and 4 evaluated in rat models for antipsychotic activity displayed a significant decrease of catalepsy associated with increased prolactin blood levels. Efficacy was evaluated in the d-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity model, where perphenazine abolished hyperactivity and induced sedation and catalepsy, whereas 3 reduced hyperactivity without sedation or catalepsy. Thus, 3 (BL-1020) constitutes a prototype of novel antipsychotics possessing GABAergic activity. A phase II study is in progress.
Petrophysical Properties of Unconventional Low-Mobility Reservoirs (Shale Gas and Heavy Oil) by Using Newly Developed Adaptive Testing Approach (2012)

Abstract Pressure testing in very low-mobility reservoirs is challenging with conventional formation-testing methods. The primary difficulty is the over-extended build-up times required to overcome wellbore and formation storage effects. Possible wellbore overbalance or supercharge are additional complicating factors in determining reservoir pressure. This paper addresses the above technical complications and estimates petrophysical properties of low-mobility formations using a newly developed adaptive-testing approach. The adaptive-testing approach employs an automated pulse-testing method for very low-mobility reservoirs and uses short drawdowns and injections followed by short pressure stabilization periods. Measured pressure transients are used in an optimized feedback loop to automatically adjust subsequent drawdown and injection pulses to reach a stabilized pressure as quickly as possible. The automated pulse data is used to determine supercharge effects, formation pressure, and mobility via analytical models by analyzing the entire pressure sequence. A genetic algorithm estimates additional reservoir parameters, such as porosity and viscosity, and confirms results obtained with analytical models (reservoir pressure and permeability). The modeled formation pressure exhibits less than 1% difference with respect to true formation pressure, while the accuracy of other parameters depends on the number of unknown properties. As a quicker method to estimate reservoir properties, a direct neural-network regression of pulse-testing data was also investigated. Synthetic reservoir models for low-mobility formations (M &amp;lt; 1 μD/cp), which included the dynamics of water- and oil- based mud-filtrate invasion that produce wellbore supercharging were developed. These reservoir models simulated the pulse-testing methods, including an automated feedback-optimization algorithm that reduces the testing times in a wide range of downhole conditions. The reservoir models included both simulations of underbalanced and overbalanced drilling conditions and enabled the development of new field-testing strategies based on a priori reservoir knowledge. The synthetic modeling demonstrates the viability of the new pulse-testing method and confirms that difficult properties, such as supercharging, can be estimated more accurately when coupled with the new inversion techniques.
Exploiting fine-grain thread level parallelism on the MIT multi-ALU processor (2002)

Much of the improvement in computer performance over the last twenty years has come from faster transistors and architectural advances that increase parallelism. Historically, parallelism has been exploited either at the instruction level with a grain-size of a single instruction or by partitioning applications into coarse threads with grain-sizes of thousands of instructions. Fine-grain threads fill the parallelism gap between these extremes by enabling tasks with run lengths as small as 20 cycles. As this fine-grain parallelism is orthogonal to ILP and coarse threads, it complements both methods and provides an opportunity for greater speedup. This paper describes the efficient communication and synchronization mechanisms implemented in the Multi-ALU Processor (MAP) chip, including a thread creation instruction, register communication, and a hardware barrier. These register-based mechanisms provide 10 times faster communication and 60 times faster synchronization than mechanisms that operate via a shared on-chip cache. With a three-processor implementation of the MAP: fine-grain speedups of 1.2-2.1 are demonstrated on a suite of applications.
Modifying Native Nanocellulose Aerogels with Carbon Nanotubes for Mechanoresponsive Conductivity and Pressure Sensing (2013)

Mechanically excellent native cellulose nanofibers that are cleaved from plant cell walls have been modified by functionalized few-walled carbon nanotubes for hybrid nanofiber/nanotube aerogels. They show elastic mechanical behavior in combination with reversible electrical response under compression allowing responsive conductivity and pressure sensing. The concept combines wide availability of nanocellulosics and electrical functionality of carbon nanotubes synergistically.
High efficiency gallium nitride laser diode pumped CW ruby laser (2020)

The design and performance of a laser diode pumped ruby laser is reported. The laser consists of a 5 mm long 0.05% doped ruby crystal placed within a hemispherical laser resonator. A single mode gallium nitride laser diode, operating at 405 nm provided up to 320 mW of pump power. Beam shaping optics were used to circularize the pump beam and a 150 mm focal length lens produced a ~20 &mu;m waist in the crystal. The laser produced up to 44 mW of output power with a slope efficiency of 17%.
Effective Monitoring of Auroral Electrojet Disturbances to Enable Accurate Wellbore Placement in the Arctic (2014)

Abstract In measurement while drilling (MWD), wellbore azimuth is determined relative to the direction of the geomagnetic field. Converting this magnetic azimuth to a true azimuth requires accurate knowledge of the direction of the geomagnetic field at the point of measurement downhole. In the Arctic, MWD processing must include corrections for rapid changes in the geomagnetic field caused by auroral electrojet currents.?The auroral zone, those latitudes at which the aurora borealis (or the northern lights) occurs, is a region where the electric field of the magnetosphere precipitates along magnetic field lines into the ionosphere. At 100 km above the surface, this electric field drives auroral electrojet currents in the east/west direction, generating the strongest magnetic field disturbances on the planet. The direction of the geomagnetic field in the auroral zone can change by several degrees in less than an hour. Data from geomagnetic observatory and variometer stations can be analyzed to characterize the auroral electrojets and compensate for the disturbance. Knowledge of the spatial structure of the electrojets' magnetic signature is essential for deploying a ground network of monitoring stations in the Arctic. This network provides the real-time geomagnetic infrastructure essential to support MWD operations, making it the most cost-effective technology available to achieve accurate wellbore placement in horizontal, relief well, and extended reach drilling, as well as in collision-avoidance applications. In one case study using historical data from two nearby observatories from 1995 to the present, the disturbance field was characterized and a time series of maximum disturbances was derived and extrapolated to the year 2020. Maximum disturbance in the magnetic field was found to lag the maximum of solar activity by approximately two years, predicting the next maximum in 2015-2019.
Ago-associated human usRNAs and other similar small RNAs (2010)

We report the characterization of several subclasses of unusually small RNAs (usRNAs) in human and viral genomes. Prior to our work, two popular, yet incorrect presumptions led to all small RNAs less than 20 bases in length (usRNAs) being thought of as transient degradation products of longer RNAs or as RNAs that cannot be reliably mapped to the genome. In this work, we show that while 100% of usRNAs cannot be mapped reliably to the genomes, ~16% of RNAs as small as 15 bases can be reliably mapped to the genome, corresponding to thousands of new small RNAs. We demonstrate that these 5'-phosphate containing usRNAs are accurately, reproducibly and repeatedly, produced across various tissues, and have very unique biological characteristics, thus contesting the hypothesis that these RNAs can be ignored as transient degradation products.

Our observations began with the identification of a Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus us-K12-1 RNA (17 bases) that is as effective as the K12-1 miRNA in regulating human RAD21, a novel K12-1 target. High-throughput sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis and molecular profiling reveals a diverse set of human miRNA-derived usRNAs and other non-miRNA-derived usRNAs. Human miRNA-derived usRNAs preferentially match to 5' ends of miRNAs, and are also more likely to associate with the siRNA effector protein Ago2, than Ago1. Many non-miRNA-derived usRNAs associate with Ago proteins and also frequently contain C-rich 3'-specific motifs that are highly position specific, and are overrepresented in comparison to piRNAs and TSSa-RNAs. In summary, our observations suggest that ~ 30% of usRNAs could have evolved to participate in biological processes including gene-silencing.
Characterization of WiMAX propagation in microcellular and picocellular environments (2010)

In this paper different propagation models for coverage prediction of WiMAX microcellular and picocellular urban environments and for WiMAX indoor femtocells at 3.5 GHz are compared with experimental data. Results obtained for different urban and indoor environments show that statistical models are quite far from good agreement with experimental data while deterministic ray-tracing models provide appropriate prediction in all different complex analyzed environments.
Bone morphogenetic protein inhibitors and mitochondria targeting agents synergistically induce apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) caspase-independent cell death in lung cancer cells (2022)

These studies demonstrate that inhibition of BMP signaling together with mitochondrial targeting agents induce AIF caspase-independent cell death, which involves the "hyperactivation" of AMPK. AIF caspase-independent cell death is an evolutionarily conserved cell death pathway that is infrequently studied in cancer. These studies provide novel insight into mechanisms inducing AIF caspase-independent cell death in cancer cells using BMP inhibitors. Video Abstract.
Endothelial antigen assembly leads to thrombotic complications in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (2017)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic disorder initiated by antibodies against complexes between human platelet factor 4 (hPF4) and heparin. A better understanding of the events that initiate the prothrombotic state may improve approaches to antithrombotic management. Here, we visualized thrombus formation in an in vivo murine model and an endothelialized microfluidic system that simulate the pathogenesis of HIT. hPF4 released from platelets predominantly bound to peri-injury endothelium and formed HIT antigenic complexes that were dissociated by heparin. In mice expressing both hPF4+ and human platelet IgG Fc receptor IIA (FcγRIIA), infusion of the HIT-like monoclonal antibody KKO increased fibrin and platelet deposition at sites of injury, followed immediately by antigen formation on proximate endothelial cells. After a few minutes, HIT antigen was detected within the thrombus itself at the interface between the platelet core and the surrounding shell. We observed similar results in the humanized, endothelialized microfluidic system. hPF4 and KKO selectively bound to photochemically injured endothelium at sites where surface glycocalyx was reduced. These studies support the concept that the perithrombus endothelium is the predominant site of HIT antigen assembly. This suggests that disrupting antigen formation along the endothelium or protecting the endothelium may provide a therapeutic opportunity to prevent thrombotic complications of HIT, while sparing systemic hemostatic pathways.
Multidrug resistant transgenic mice as a novel pharmacologic tool (1991)

Multidrug resistance resulting from expression of an energy-dependent drug efflux pump encoded by the human MDR1 gene is a major impediment to effective cancer therapy. Pharmacologic intervention aimed at inhibiting this multidrug transporter should improve existing chemotherapy of human cancer, but drug development has been delayed by the difficulty and expense of developing valid animal models. Using recombinant DNA technology, a transgenic mouse has been engineered whose bone marrow is protected from the toxic effects of chemotherapy by expression of the MDR1 gene. This animal system allows the rapid screening of drugs which inhibit the multidrug transporter and heralds a new era of using transgenic animals for pharmacologic screening.
USE OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATES IN FIRE RETARDED THERMOPLASTICS-A REVIEW (1999)

One of the principal classes of flame retardants used in organic polymers is the phosphorus-compounds. In particular, inorganic phosphates have flame retardant properties of interest in thermoplastics. Ammonium phosphoric acids salts were first recommended two centuries ago and are still used today. However, new legislation is emphasizing the development of new flame retardant additives which are environmentally friendly. This paper reviews the different kind of inorganic phosphates used as flame retardants. It includes the use of red phosphorus, ammonium phosphates. We will also describe intumescent systems and low melting phosphate glasses.