gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trafficking of grafted pancreatic islets into the brain lateral ventricles (2019)

There is a tremendous interest in insulin delivery to the brain for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, we showed increased insulin content in the brain and improved cognitive functions in a rat model of sporadic AD following transplantation of pancreatic islets in the cranial subarachnoid space (cSAS).1 However, it remains unclear whether the islets grafted in the cSAS can migrate to other brain regions. Here, we report islet trafficking from cSAS to the brain ventricular system in a rat AD-like model induced by injection of streptozotocin into lateral ventricles (LVs), followed by islet transplantation in cSAS, as described previously.1 The cognitive improvement of the AD-like rats persisted for 6 months after transplantation (unpublished data), and viable syngeneic islets were identified in the cortex, olfactory bulb, and in the LVs (Figure 1A–C). The islets detected in the LVs expressed insulin, glucagon, proinsulin, and glucose transporter 2 (Figure 1D–F). It is likely that the grafted islets migrated across the cSAS from the transplantation site to the LVs. The islet migration could be triggered by cerebrospinal fluid flow and facilitated by expansion of brain ventricles after intraventricular administration of streptozotocin.2 Another possibility is a targeted migration of grafted islets toward the streptozotocin-induced injury to the LVs endothelial lining, where they secreted insulin and other reparative factors. Such tropism toward remote injured tissue is typical for neural stem cells.3 Our results provide new insights and strategies for cell delivery to the brain for therapy of neurodegenerative cognitive dysfunctions.FIGURE 1.: A, Hematoxylin and eosin staining of grafted islets located on cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb (B), and in the LV (C). D–F, Immunohistochemical staining of grafted islets located in the LV. Nuclei (blue) were labeled with Dapi. The arrows show the islets. Bars: 100 µm (A, B, and E), 200 µm (C and D), and 20 µm (F). CC, cortical cortex; Glut2, glucose transporter 2; HC, hippocampus; LV, lateral ventricle; OB, olfactory bulb.
Inflow Performance of Horizontal Wells (1991)

Summary This paper presents formulas for evaluating the inflow performance of a horizontal well in a rectangular drainage region bounded above and below. The upper boundary may be either sealed to flow (no flow) or at constant pressure (e.g., gas cap). The well can be placed anywhere within the drainage volume and be of any length. The inflow-performance formulas for horizontal wells presented in the literature make certain limiting assumptions about the well relative to the size of the drainage region, the formation thickness, and the well location. In addition, simplified formulas are derived that are applicable over a wide range of practical interest for a variety of reservoir geometries.
Time-division-multiplexing-based modulation scheme for RF chirp extension (2006)

A novel modulation scheme based on time division multiplexing for extending the frequency span and frequency sweep time of RF chirped signals is proposed. Using this approach an RF chirped signal with an frequency span of 20 MHz and a frequency sweep time of 200 ns is generated.
Fucoidan interacts with TGF-β and modulates its activity: Implications for adult wound repair by mimicking the foetal environment (2001)

Conference Abstract| February 01 2001 Fucoidan interacts with TGF-β and modulates its activity: Implications for adult wound repair by mimicking the foetal environment Ronan O'Leary; Ronan O'Leary 1School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mark Rerek; Mark Rerek 2ISP, Wayne, NJ, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Edward J. Wood Edward J. Wood 1School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (1): A40. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a040c Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Ronan O'Leary, Mark Rerek, Edward J. Wood; Fucoidan interacts with TGF-β and modulates its activity: Implications for adult wound repair by mimicking the foetal environment. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2001; 29 (1): A40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a040c Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2001 Biochemical Society2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Experimental Analysis of a Mobile Health System for Mood Disorders (2009)

Depression is one of the leading causes of disability. Methods are needed to quantitatively classify emotions in order to better understand and treat mood disorders. This research proposes techniques to improve communication in body sensor network (BSN) that gathers data on the affective states of the patient. These BSNs can continuously monitor, discretely quantify, and classify a patient's depressive states. In addition, data on the patient's lifestyle can be correlated with his/her physiological conditions to identify how various stimuli trigger symptoms. This continuous stream of data is an improvement over a snapshot of localized symptoms that a doctor often collects during a medical examination. Our research first quantifies how the body interferes with communication in a BSN and detects a pattern between the line of sight of an embedded device and its reception rate. Then, a mathematical model of the data using linear programming techniques determines the optimal placement and number of sensors in a BSN to improve communication. Experimental results show that the optimal placement of embedded devices can reduce power cost up to 27% and reduce hardware costs up to 47%. This research brings researchers a step closer to continuous, real-time systemic monitoring that will allow one to analyze the dynamic human physiology and understand, diagnosis, and treat mood disorders.
Nondispersive dielectric component of ferroelectric thin films in the frequency range of 10−1–106Hz (2005)

We show that there exists a nondispersive (or elastic) capacitance component Cnon which is independent of frequency f, ac amplitude VOSC, and dc bias voltage Vdc, in the frequency range of 0.063 Hz–1 MHz. It can be separated from the total capacitance Ct of ferroelectric thin films by using either the C(Vdc,f)-C[Vdc,f(r)](VOSC=const) or C(f,VOSC)-C[f,VOSC(r)](Vdc=const) plot, where f(r) and VOSC(r) are the referenced frequency and ac amplitude, respectively. Our results suggest that the dispersive and nondispersive capacitance components may originate from different dielectric relaxation mechanisms. The extracted nondispersive Cnon can be a useful physical parameter in evaluating maximum dielectric tunability for the phase-shift application of ferroelectric thin films in microwave devices and characterizing phase-transition temperature in a multilayered 0.2Pb(Zn1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.8BaTiO3∕Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3 relaxor.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of α‐Amino Acids with N‐Boc‐2‐iodoanilines for the Synthesis of Enantiopure 3‐Substituted Dihydroquinoxalinones. (2015)

Abstract The initially obtained N‐arylated α‐amino acids (III) are subsequently transformed into enantiomerically pure 3‐substituted dihydroquinoxalinones (IV) via Boc‐deprotection/condensation.
A Rapid and Simple Colorimetric Test for the Study of Anti-HIV Agents (1988)

We report here the use of a simple, rapid, reproducible, and quantitative assay to detect the putative activity of anti-HIV agents. It can be employed with different T cell cultures, such as peripheral blood lymphocytes or CEM-C113 cells, a sensitive clone of CEM cells. It can be used alone as a rapid screening test in order to measure both cytotoxicity and the potential antiviral activity of large numbers of compounds. It can also be combined for thorough studies with other classic tests that detect virus production. Among these tests, a micro-method to measure reverse transcriptase activity is shown to be very useful. To illustrate the practicability of the assay, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) and ribavirin are studied.
The dark age of single organ screening is over: CD24 is a novel universal simple blood test for early detection of cancer. (2020)

e15591 Background: More than 1.8 million new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in 2020. Only in the U.S, about 606,520 Americans are expected to die this year, which translates to about 1,660 deaths per day. However, when found early, in the asymptomatic phase, cancer is often effectively treated or even cured. The few cancer screens available today, including mammograms and colonoscopies, each look for a single type of cancer. CD24 is hardly expressed in normal cells (but to B-lymphocytes, differentiating neuroblasts and neutrophils) but is overexpressed in numerous human cancers. Aim: To establish a universal cancer screening blood test. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from consecutive patients and healthy volunteers. 1x10 6 leukocytes were stained using anti-CD11b-PerCp-Cy5.5 and anti-CD24-FITC and analyzed by flow cytometry (CyFlow Cube 6, Sysmex, Germany). Percentage of positive cells was determined by subtracting the percentage of CD24 and CD11b-positive cells (dual stain) from CD24-positive cells (single stain). The cut off for cancer detection was 25. Healthy subjects underwent a thorough evaluation at the health promotion center and integrated cancer prevention center. All cancers were verified histologically. Results: CD24/CD11b expression in the healthy population was evaluated in 337 women and 408 men, ages 20-85. There were 222 cancer patients. After excluding thyroid and bladder cancers, the assay detected 146 out of 196 (75%) cancers at all stages and even in 31 out of colonic adenomas (table). The levels of CD24 drop back to near normal level following successful surgery/chemotherapy. The test score was not affected by age, gender, fasting and the time of the day that the blood sample is taken. In 55 cases the test was performed twice, with similar results, as well as when the test was performed in another flow cytometry, after 1d, 1w, 1m after freezing . Conclusions: 1. CD24 is a universal cancer screening. 2. It can detect pre malignant lesions like adenomas in the colon. 3. Preliminary results suggest that it can serve as a predictive marker. [Table: see text]
Measurements of Electrostatic Properties of Polymers by Contact-Separation Charging Apparatus (1966)

高分子の静帯電を検討する為に,試料を成型した円板と水銀の接触,剥離によって生成される,表面電荷を測定する装置を作成し,測定値の再現性,雰囲気,剥離速度等による装置の特性を調べた。測定装置はパイレックス製真空ラインよりなり,円筒の上端に試料円板を置き下から水銀をリレーによる電磁弁操作で接触剥離させ,試料表面の電荷を振動容量型電位計で測定するものである。生成電荷は一定条件で再現性よく測定でぎるが,試料の表面状態に関係し,雰囲気圧力,剥離速度に強く影響されるほか,試料の化学構造にも依存することが明らかにされた。
Oxygen-Releasing Microparticles for Cell Survival and Differentiation Ability under Hypoxia for Effective Bone Regeneration (2019)

Sufficient oxygen delivery into tissue-engineered three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to produce clinically applicable tissues/organs remains a challenge for researchers and clinicians. One potential strategy to overcome this limitation is the use of an oxygen releasing scaffold. In the present study, we prepared hollow microparticles (HPs) loaded with an emulsion of the oxygen carrier perfluorooctane (PFO; PFO-HPs) for the timely supply of oxygen to surrounding cells. These PFO-HPs prolonged the survival and preserved the osteogenic differentiation potency of human periosteal-derived cells ( hPDCs) under hypoxia. hPDCs seeded onto PFO-HPs formed new bone at a faster rate and with a higher bone density than hPDCs seeded onto phosphate buffered saline-loaded control HPs. These findings suggest that PFO-HPs provide a suitable environment for the survival and maintenance of differentiation ability of hPDCs at bony defects without vascular networks until new blood vessel ingrowth occurs, thus enhancing bone regeneration. PFO-HPs are a promising system for effective delivery of various functional cells, including stem cells and progenitor cells, to regenerate damaged tissues/organs.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor (TRAF) 1 Regulates CD40-induced TRAF2-mediated NF-κB Activation (2003)

To investigate CD40 signaling complex formation in living cells, we used green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged CD40 signaling intermediates and confocal life imaging. The majority of cytoplasmic TRAF2-GFP and, to a lesser extent, TRAF3-GFP, but not TRAF1-GFP or TRAF4-GFP, translocated into CD40 signaling complexes within a few minutes after CD40 triggering with the CD40 ligand. The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins cIAP1 and cIAP2 were also recruited by TRAF2 to sites of CD40 signaling. An excess of TRAF2 allowed recruitment of TRAF1-GFP to sites of CD40 signaling, whereas an excess of TRAF1 abrogated the interaction of TRAF2 and CD40. Overexpression of TRAF1, however, had no effect on the interaction of TRADD and TRAF2, known to be important for tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF-R1)-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Accordingly, TRAF1 inhibited CD40-dependent but not TNF-R1-dependent NF-kappaB activation. Moreover, down-regulation of TRAF1 with small interfering RNAs enhanced CD40/CD40 ligand-induced NF-kappaB activation but showed no effect on TNF signaling. Because of the trimeric organization of TRAF proteins, we propose that the stoichiometry of TRAF1-TRAF2 heteromeric complexes ((TRAF2)2-TRAF1 versus TRAF2-(TRAF1)2) determines their capability to mediate CD40 signaling but has no major effect on TNF signaling.
1 TH/z photonic communication transmitter using a single multiwavelength mode-locked semiconductor laser (2003)

A gain-flattened multiwavelength modelocked semiconductor laser generated 750 MHz pulse trains simultaneously into 168 discrete wavelength channels. It was shown that optical time division multiplexing multiplied the pulse-repetition rate to 6 GHz per channel to yield an aggregate pulse rate of 1 THz. The results showed the potential of multiwavelength modelocked semiconductor lasers as an appealing option for data transmission in cost-effective wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) local area or access networks.
Deletion of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 suppresses Apc Min -induced tumorigenesis (2001)

Although nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show great promise as therapies for colon cancer, a dispute remains regarding their mechanism of action. NSAIDs are known to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which convert arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandins (PGs). Therefore, NSAIDs may suppress tumorigenesis by inhibiting PG synthesis. However, various experimental studies have suggested the possibility of PG-independent mechanisms. Notably, disruption of the mouse group IIA secretory phospholipase A(2) locus (Pla2g2a), a potential source of AA for COX-2, increases tumor number despite the fact that the mutation has been predicted to decrease PG production. Some authors have attempted to reconcile the results by suggesting that the level of the precursor (AA), not the products (PGs), is the critical factor. To clarify the role of AA in tumorigenesis, we have examined the effect of deleting the group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) locus (Pla2g4). We report that Apc(Min/+), cPLA(2)(-/-) mice show an 83% reduction in tumor number in the small intestine compared with littermates with genotypes Apc(Min/+), cPLA(2)(+/-) and Apc(Min/+), cPLA(2)(+/+). This tumor phenotype parallels that of COX-2 knockout mice, suggesting that cPLA(2) is the predominant source of AA for COX-2 in the intestine. The protective effect of cPLA(2) deletion is thus most likely attributed to a decrease in the AA supply to COX-2 and a resultant decrease in PG synthesis. The tumorigenic effect of sPLA(2) mutations is likely to be through a completely different pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: DIE EINWIRKUNG VON SCHWEFELWASSERSTOFF AUF AMINOALKANTHIOSCHWEFELSAEUREN (BUNTE SALZE) ZU DI‐, TRI‐ UND TETRASULFIDEN (1972)

Abstract Aus dem Bunte‐Salz (I) erhält man bei der Behandlung mit Schwefelwasserstoff das Salz (IIa), das aus dem entsprechenden Hydrochlorid (IIIa) durch Metathese mit Thiosulfat erhalten werden kann.
Supplementary Tables S1-S2 from <i>In vivo</i> Knockdown of the Androgen Receptor Results in Growth Inhibition and Regression of Well-Established, Castration-Resistant Prostate Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Tables S1-S2 from &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Knockdown of the Androgen Receptor Results in Growth Inhibition and Regression of Well-Established, Castration-Resistant Prostate Tumors
Furanic avocado/soybean unsaponifiables prevent osteoarthritic subchondral osteoblasts-induced cartilage degradation (2004)

peer reviewed
8C-5 Full 3D Inversion of the Viscoelasticity Wave Propagation Problem for 3D Ultrasound Elastography in Breast Cancer Diagnosis (2007)

An experimental 3D ultrasound elastography setup has been designed for breast cancer diagnosis improvement. 3D elastography assessment is generally based on the combination of adjacent 2D elasticity maps, obtained through simple 2D inverse problem resolution. Meanwhile, 3D sonoelastography is based on simple inversion approaches to the viscoelasticity problem. The system presented here is based on the resolution of a full 3D inverse problem, from the complete ultrasound-based measurement of the three components of the 3D displacement field. The 3D information considerably improves the accuracy and reliability of the quantitative measurements and circumvents the operator-dependent aspects of 2D echography diagnosis. The combination of 3D echography and elastography could be a very promising tool for in vivo breast cancer diagnosis. The X-ray system of a commercial mammographic bed was replaced by an ultrasound device. Shear waves were generated using a low frequency vibrator. Resulting displacements in tissues were imaged using an echographic probe moving stepwise around the breast. Advanced techniques such as compounding echographic probe sub-apertures and 2D vector Doppler algorithms were used to assess the three components of the displacement. Shear elasticity, viscosity and anisotropy were quantified using a 3D elastic properties reconstruction algorithm. A 3D finite difference simulation algorithm based on the viscoelastic propagation equation was used to model the 3D forward problem, and validate the inverse reconstruction algorithm. Simulated displacements in a numerical phantom were used as inputs for the inverse problem resolution, allowing the reconstruction of elastic properties similar to that of the numerical phantom. Similarly to MR-elastography, the inverse problem was solved in the Fourier domain. However, overcoming the data acquisition limitations of MR-elastography, the ultrasound-based approach enables the implementation of frequency compound methods based on averaging the data at different shear frequencies, increasing the measurement accuracy. In the present study, the experimental setup was optimized using numerical simulations and validated in vitro. In vitro experiments were conducted on a calibrated phantom exhibiting harder inclusions. Its 3D elastic properties were reconstructed and found consistent with that given by the manufacturer. This study allowed the numerical and experimental validation of the complete 3D elastography protocol.
História e Epidemiologia da COVID-19 (2020)

Este artigo traz uma revisao sobre os aspectos historicos e epidemiologicos da COVID-19.Sao abordados fatos que datam desde a primeira identificacao de um coronavirus, na decadade 60, passando pelo SARS-CoV e MERS-CoV, causadores de importantes epidemias noinicio do seculo XXI, ate chegar ao SARS-CoV-2, agente etiologico da atual pandemia deCOVID-19. Alem disso, tambem sao apresentados diversos dados epidemiologicos globaise nacionais acerca da doenca, como paises acometidos, numeros de casos e obitos. Acercados dados no Brasil, e discutido sobre a imigracao do virus, incidencia da doenca nosestados e municipios mais acometidos, bem como o impacto dos fatores socioeconomicos,etnicos e o indice de desenvolvimento economico municipal (IDHM) na mortalidadecausada pela COVID-19.
Calculation of the FDG Lumped Constant by Simultaneous Measurements of Global Glucose and FDG Metabolism in Humans (1998)

The lumped constant defined as the conversion factor between the net uptake of fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and glucose was calculated from global CMRglc and from positron emission tomography (PET) using FDG as tracer (CMRFDG). Fifteen healthy, normal volunteers (mean age 24 +/- 4 years) were studied. Global CBF and CMRglc were measured with the Kety-Schmidt technique using 133Xe as tracer, and values were corrected for errors from incomplete diffusion equilibrium for inert gas tracer between brain tissue and cerebral venous blood. Measurements of CMRFDG were obtained with PET using the dynamic and single-scan methods and the K1-k3 model. Measurements with the Kety-Schmidt technique and PET-FDG were performed simultaneously. Global CBF was 47.1 +/- 8.0 mL.100 g-1.min-1, and CMRglc was 22.8 +/- 4.1 mumol.100 g-1.min-1. No difference in CMRFDG was found with the two methods (17.8 +/- 1.6 and 18.2 +/- 1.3 mumol .100 g-1.min-1, dynamic and single scan methods, respectively). Accordingly, the lumped constant ranged from 0.80 +/- 0.16 to 0.82 +/- 0.15, with a mean value of 0.81 +/- 0.15. The mean ratio between phosphorylation of FDG and glucose (k3*/k3) was 0.39 +/- 0.25. The discrepancy between the lumped constant determined in this study and previously obtained values can be explained partly by methodologic problems, and we conclude that most of the discrepancy results from previous overestimation of global CBF.
Achieving Ultra-low Wear with Stable Nanocrystalline Alloys. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Role of Telemedicine in Urology: Contemporary Practice Patterns and Future Directions (2019)

While telemedicine is a tool that holds great promise, with many respondents reporting infrastructure for telemedicine applications at their institutions, lack of reimbursement was cited as the major barrier to implementation. This issue regarding reimbursement is a central matter that will need to be standardized moving forward in order to promote widespread use.
Adaptive Temporal Scalability of H.264-Compliant Video Conferencing in Heterogeneous Mobile Environments (2010)

In this paper, we present a multipoint video conferencing system that adapts to heterogeneous members including mobiles. The system is built upon a low complexity scalable extension of our H.264 codec DAVC, and a congestion-aware dynamic adaptation layer. Our temporally scaled video codec DSVC has the same RD performance as the non-scaled version with comparable configuration. We achieve this by QP cascading, i.e., assigning gradually refining quantization parameters to the declining temporal layers. We present and analyse a mobile-compliant version of DSVC at reduced complexity that still admits comparable performance. Finally, we report on early work of dynamic layer tuning. Derived of delay variation measures, senders exploit scalable video layering to adapt the video transmission to varying network conditions. Initial results indicate that video performance remains close to optimal.