gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localized plasmon-engineered spontaneous emission of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals closely-packed in the proximity of Ag nanoisland films for controlling emission linewidth, peak, and intensity (2007)

Using metallic nanoislands, we demonstrate the localized plasmonic control and modification of the spontaneous emission from closely-packed nanocrystal emitters, leading to significant changes in their collective emission characteristics tuned spectrally and spatially by plasmon coupling. Using randomly-distributed silver nanoislands, we show that the emission linewidth of proximal CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots is reduced by 22% and their peak emission wavelength is shifted by 14nm, while their ensemble photoluminescence is enhanced via radiative energy transfer by 21.6 and 15.1 times compared to the control groups of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals with identical nano-silver but no dielectric spacer and the same nanocrystals alone, respectively.
Applicability of a particularly simple model to nonlinear elasticity of slide-ring gels with movable cross-links as revealed by unequal biaxial deformation (2014)

The strain energy density function (F) of the polyrotaxane-based slide-ring (SR) gels with movable cross-links along the network strands is characterized by unequal biaxial stretching which can achieve various types of deformation. The SR gels as prepared without any post-preparation complication exhibit considerably smaller values of the ratio of the stresses (σy/σx) in the stretched (x) and constrained (y) directions in planar extension than classical chemical gels with heterogeneous and nearly homogeneous network structures do. This feature of the SR gels leads to the peculiar characteristic that the strain energy density function (F) has no explicit cross term of strains in different directions, which is in contrast to F with explicit strain cross terms for most chemical gels and elastomers. The biaxial stress-strain data of the SR gels are successfully described by F of the Gent model with only two parameters (small-strain shear modulus and a parameter representing ultimate elongation), which introduces the finite extensibility effect into the neo-Hookean model with no explicit cross term of strain. The biaxial data of the deswollen SR gels examined in previous study, which underwent a considerable reduction in volume from the preparation state, are also well described by the Gent model, which is in contrast to the case of the classical chemical gels that the stress-strain relations before and after large deswelling are not described by a common type of F due to a significant degree of collapse of the network strands in the deswollen state. These intriguing features of nonlinear elasticity of the SR gels originate from a novel function of the slidable cross-links that can maximize the arrangement entropy of cross-linked and non-cross-linked cyclic molecules in the deformed networks.
Optical suppression of drug-evoked phasic dopamine release (2014)

Brief fluctuations in dopamine concentration (dopamine transients) play a key role in behavior towards rewards, including drugs of abuse. Drug-evoked dopamine transients may result from actions at both dopamine cell bodies and dopamine terminals. Inhibitory opsins can be targeted to dopamine neurons permitting their firing activity to be suppressed. However, as dopamine transients can become uncoupled from firing, it is unknown whether optogenetic hyperpolarization at the level of the soma is able to suppress dopamine transients. Here, we used in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to record transients evoked by cocaine and raclopride in nucleus accumbens (NAc) of urethane-anesthetized rats. We targeted halorhodopsin (NpHR) specifically to dopamine cells by injecting Cre-inducible virus into ventral tegmental area (VTA) of transgenic rats that expressed Cre recombinase under control of the tyrosine hydroxylase promoter (TH-Cre(+) rats). Consistent with previous work, co-administration of cocaine and raclopride led to the generation of dopamine transients in NAc shell. Illumination of VTA with laser strongly suppressed the frequency of transients in NpHR-expressing rats, but not in control rats. Laser did not have any effect on amplitude of transients. Thus, optogenetics can effectively reduce the occurrence of drug-evoked transients and is therefore a suitable approach for studying the functional role of such transients in drug-associated behavior.
Polarized infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy study of molecular structure of ferroelectric liquid crystals with a naphthalene ring (2000)

We have investigated molecular orientation and structure of the ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) with a naphthalene ring in the chiral smectic-C (SmC*) phase by using polarized infrared spectroscopy. Two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy has been applied to analyze the polarization angle dependence of band intensity changes. The 2D correlation analysis has revealed that not only two carbonyl groups but also benzene and naphthalene rings undergo hindered rotation about the molecular long axis.
Enhanced thermal conductivity of phase change materials with ultrathin-graphite foams for thermal energy storage (2013)

Embedding continuous ultrathin-graphite foams (UGFs) with volume fractions as low as 0.8–1.2 vol% in a phase change material (PCM) can increase the effective thermal conductivity by up to 18 times, with negligible change in the melting temperature or mass specific heat of fusion.
Kickstarting Collaboration [Notes from the Editor] (2014)

Presents the editorial for this issue of the publication.
IBM POWER9 memory architectures for optimized systems (2018)

The IBM POWER9 processor chipset provides a variety of system memory architecture interfaces to enable highly differentiated system offerings: a high bandwidth, high capacity, highly reliable, buffered architecture; a compute-density-optimized direct DDR attach architecture; heterogeneous integration of graphics processing unit memory into the host system memory; and an agnostic, flexibly attached SCM architecture. In this paper, we explore these architectures and the targeted optimizations they provide for various classes of workloads. We also explore the development synergies and semiconductor physical design tradeoffs associated with the varying implementations, and finally, we describe several hypothetical systems that could be constructed by utilizing these memory architectures.
Towards on-chip, integrated chalcogenide glass based biochemical sensors (2010)

This paper reviews ongoing progress in the development of novel on-chip planar molecular sensors in infrared-transparent chalcogenide glasses. We demonstrate on-chip cavity-enhanced refractometry and infrared absorption spectroscopy for sensitive detection of proteins and small molecules.
Phosphorylation control of protein tyrosine phosphatase A activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2014)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA) has been shown to play a key role in human macrophage infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Protein tyrosine kinase A (PtkA) was the first protein tyrosine kinase shown to phosphorylate PtpA. Here, we found that PtkA-mediated phosphorylation of PtPA on Tyr-128 and Tyr-129 enhances the PtPA phosphatase activity. Moreover, ex-vivo protein-protein interaction assays showed that PtpA can be phosphorylated by several eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr protein kinases, such as protein kinase A (PknA). PknA was found to regulate PtpA phosphatase activity through Thr-45 phosphorylation. These results indicate that members of two independent families of protein kinases tune PtpA activity in Mtb.
Highly efficient piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer for the application of parametric array in air (2012)

A highly efficient piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer was achieved for the application of parametric array in air. It is not easy to generate high-intensity sound required for nonlinear interaction in air due to huge impedance mismatch between the air and the transducer. A thin-film transducer such as micromachined ultrasonic transducer can achieve high mechanoacoustic efficiency by reducing the mechanical characteristic impedance of the radiating plate. By theoretical analysis, the power efficiency of the micromachined ultrasonic transducer and its maximum achievable value were considered. Also, based on the theoretical model, the design issues which reduce the power efficiency and radiation intensity were listed and discussed. The effects of the leakage current through the parasitic impedances, resistance of the electrode pad, and unit-to-unit variation of the MUT array on transducer efficiency were verified as the problems. By adapting proper design approaches, a highly efficient pMUT array was designed, fabricated, and tested as a source transducer for parametric array in air. The pMUT array may promote the practical uses of a parametric array source in air.
Reading errors made by skilled and unskilled readers: evaluating a system that generates reports for people with poor literacy (2004)

This study evaluates a natural language generation system that creates literacy assessment reports in order to create more readable documents. Prior research assessed comprehension and reading speed on modified documents. Here, we investigate whether individuals make less reading errors after the system modifies documents to make them more readable. Preliminary results show that poor readers make more errors than good readers. The full paper will describe readers' rates of errors on documents modified for readability.
<title>Two approaches in scanner-printer calibration: colorimetric space-based versus closed-loop</title> (1994)

The present paper studies two different table-based approaches for the calibration of electronic imaging systems. The first approach, which is the classical one, uses the device-independent CIE-XYZ colorimetric space as an intermediate standard space. Input and output devices such as scanners, displays and printers are calibrated separately with respect to the objective CIE-XYZ space. The calibration process requires establishing a 3-dimensional mapping between scanner's device-dependent RGB pace and a device-independent colorimetric space such as CIE-XYZ. Measured samples belonging to the calibration set are used for splitting the colorimetric space into Delaunay tetrahedrons. The second approach, the so-called closed loop approach, calibrates directly scanner-printer pairs, without any reference to an objective colorimetric space. It enables a 3D mapping to be built between the scanner's RGB space and the printer's CMY space without requiring any colorimetric measurement. It offers very accurate calibrated output for input samples having the same characteristics (halftone dot, ink spectral reflectance) as the printed samples used for the calibration process. When the desktop scanners' RGB sensibilities are not a linear transform of the CIE x, y, z matching curves, an accurate calibration can only be made if input color patches are based on the same primary inks as the patches used for device calibration.
Feasibility of Using Wind Energy and CAES Systems in a Variety of Geologic Systems (2009)

Abstract Renewable energy sources, such as wind energy, are expected to be sources of sustainable energy as fossil fuels are depleted. Wind energy is a promising, but intermittent energy source. Large scale energy storage such as Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is needed to account for intermittency. CAES is designed to store off-peak energy to make it available for use during peak demand periods. Currently, CAES plants are located in caverns, which are uncommon in occurrence. CAES wind farms can become a more reliable energy source if other geological structures such as depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs are used for storage. This study used a black oil simulator to model CAES in a typical cavern setting, in a hypothetical reservoir setting, and in a potential CAES wind farm area in the Greater Green River Basin (GGRB) of Wyoming. The cavern setting is modeled after the Huntorf CAES facility in Germany. Wind speed and resulting power data for GGRB models were taken from the Medicine Bow Wind Project in Wyoming. Porosity, permeability, and injectivity information from GGRB was used to construct four models of hybrid systems that combined wind energy and CAES for different geographical locations and geological properties. The model of a cavern setting validated use of a black oil simulator for CAES applications. The study showed that CAES can be used in a variety of geologic settings, and that the GGRB has good potential for supporting wind energy and CAES systems. This talk will present details of the study and provide suggestions for future work.
Photochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules. 2. CW carbon dioxide laser inducement of the bimolecular reaction of the thiirane (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules. 2. CW carbon dioxide laser inducement of the bimolecular reaction of the thiiraneJohn T. Campbell and Joseph J. BelBrunoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 10, 4005–4009Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100347a029https://doi.org/10.1021/j100347a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Knockdown of EphB1 receptor decreases medulloblastoma cell growth and migration and increases cellular radiosensitization (2015)

The expression of members of the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their ephrin ligands is frequently dysregulated in medulloblastomas. We assessed the expression and functional role of EphB1 in medulloblastoma cell lines and engineered mouse models. mRNA and protein expression profiling showed expression of EphB1 receptor in the human medulloblastoma cell lines DAOY and UW228. EphB1 downregulation reduced cell growth and viability, decreased the expression of important cell cycle regulators, and increased the percentage of cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle. It also modulated the expression of proliferation, and cell survival markers. In addition, EphB1 knockdown in DAOY cells resulted in significant decrease in migration, which correlated with decreased β1-integrin expression and levels of phosphorylated Src. Furthermore, EphB1 knockdown enhanced cellular radiosensitization of medulloblastoma cells in culture and in a genetically engineered mouse medulloblastoma model. Using genetically engineered mouse models, we established that genetic loss of EphB1 resulted in a significant delay in tumor recurrence following irradiation compared to EphB1-expressing control tumors. Taken together, our findings establish that EphB1 plays a key role in medulloblastoma cell growth, viability, migration, and radiation sensitivity, making EphB1 a promising therapeutic target.
Field emission characterisation of silicon tip arrays coated with GaN and diamond nanoparticle cluster (2002)

Wide band gap materials show promise for applications in coating of field emission tips. Recently nanocrystalline hexagonal GaN crystallites as small as 5 nm average diameter have been formed using reactive laser ablation of gallium metal in a nitrogenating ambient. In this paper we have investigated the performance of ungated emitter. Silicon tip arrays coated by dielectrophoresis of gallium nitride nanoparticles or nanocrystalline diamond clusters from an ethanol suspension. The emitters were evaluated and compared before and after the surface treatment using SEM images and I-V measurements in the diode configuration. The phosphor screen, used as the anode was spaced nominally 70 /spl mu/m from the cathode. A field emission characteristics were measured in a high-vacuum chamber at a pressure range between 10/sup -5/ and 10/sup -8/ Torr. The results suggest that the emitters benefit from coating the surface with nanocrystalline diamond clusters in terms of reduction in the turn on voltage and increase in the uniformity of emission in low voltage operation. The long-term emission stability was studied over a period of 90 hrs.
A fully planarized 0.25 μm CMOS technology for 256 Mbit DRAM and beyond (2002)

Results are presented for a fully planarized 0.25 /spl mu/m technology using a trench storage capacitor known as the "BEST" cell. In order to achieve a wide process window for fine patterning, a comprehensive global planarization scheme utilizing chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is employed. This scheme permits two levels of wiring at a minimum contacted pitch of 0.55 /spl mu/m and allows simplification of other processes related to the gate electrode and borderless array bitline contact. The technology has been exercised to fabricate a 256 Mb DRAM and is extendable to the 1 Gb generation by incremental technology scaling.
Role of CD154 in the secondary immune response: the reduction of pre-existing splenic germinal centers and anti-factor VIII inhibitor titer (2000)

Using the murine model of hemophilia A, we have examined the role of CD154 in the secondary immune response to factor VIII (FVIII). We previously reported that repeated i.v. injection of FVIII in hemophilia A mice induces a T cell-dependent anti-FVIII antibody formation. Herein, blocking of CD154 by a monoclonal antibody in FVIII-primed hemophilia A mice resulted in the disappearance of pre-existing spleen germinal centers (GC) in the white pulp within 24 h of treatment. Moreover, further expansion of GC in response to FVIII challenge was completely inhibited. In parallel, anti-FVIII antibody titers were markedly reduced and T cell responses to FVIII were abolished. The rapid disappearance of the GC after anti-CD154 treatment was not accompanied by increased B cell apoptosis; instead B cells accumulated in the peripheral zone of the splenic white pulp. Interestingly, repeated exposure to FVIII with anti-CD154 antibody administration blocked anti-FVIII antibody formation but failed to induce long-lasting unresponsiveness. Our data demonstrate that the CD40-CD154 interaction is critical for B cell homeostasis and the secondary immune response to FVIII. For potential clinical application, the data also suggest that therapies targeting the CD154 molecule may be useful for the treatment of high titer FVIII inhibitors in hemophilia A.
A Case Study of QoS Provisioning in TV-Band Cognitive Radio Networks (2009)

Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) MAC protocols allow a Cognitive Radio (CR) device to opportunistically access unused or less crowded spectrum while ensuring protection for the incumbents. Though DSA shows great potential to enhance spectrum efficiency, the associated constraints on QoS may limit its usefulness. QoS support in a DSA-based network is not trivial due to the fact that in addition to unfavorable characteristics of the wireless medium, the secondary devices are subject to additional interference and interruption from incumbents. In this paper, we present a case-study of key QoS provisioning techniques in DSA protocol design that facilitate the required application QoS. Specifically, we consider a CR system that supports high quality multimedia (including HDTV) streaming over UHF frequency bands. We model and evaluate the QoS- oriented CR system together with the underlying QoS-Provisioned DSA Protocol (referred as QPDP) through extensive simulations. The results show the effectiveness of DSA coupled with QoS provisioning, in supporting QoS-demanding consumer- oriented network applications in TV bands. This outcome is significant as FCC has recently approved UHF bands for unlicensed operations in the second Report and Order in the USA, and various DSA-based personal/portable CR systems are being actively considered by the consumer wireless industry.
Pyrotechnic Reactions Without Oxygen (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVDemoNEXTPyrotechnic Reactions Without OxygenStephen W. Wright Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 3, 251Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1994Published inissue 1 March 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ed071p251RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MAGNETIC CIRCULAR D1CHROISM OF ACETYLENE IN THE VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET (1974)

This work was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health.
Prefrontal Cortex Lesions Impair Object-Spatial Integration (2012)

How and where object and spatial information are perceptually integrated in the brain is a central question in visual cognition. Single-unit physiology, scalp EEG, and fMRI research suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a critical locus for object-spatial integration. To test the causal participation of the PFC in an object-spatial integration network, we studied ten patients with unilateral PFC damage performing a lateralized object-spatial integration task. Consistent with single-unit and neuroimaging studies, we found that PFC lesions result in a significant behavioral impairment in object-spatial integration. Furthermore, by manipulating inter-hemispheric transfer of object-spatial information, we found that masking of visual transfer impairs performance in the contralesional visual field in the PFC patients. Our results provide the first evidence that the PFC plays a key, causal role in an object-spatial integration network. Patient performance is also discussed within the context of compensation by the non-lesioned PFC.
Hyperconjugative Antiaromaticity Activates 4H-Pyrazoles as Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Dienes (2019)

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 4,4-difluoro-3,5-diphenyl-4<i>H</i>-pyrazole was investigated experimentally and computationally with <i>endo</i>-bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne. The computationally predicted rate enhancement from hyperconjugative antiaromaticity induced by fluorination of cyclopentadienes at the 5-position extends to five-membered heterocyclic dienes containing a saturated center. 4,4-Difluoro-4<i>H</i>-pyrazoles are new electron-deficient dienes with rapid reactivities toward strained alkynes.