gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GeSn/Ge heterostructure short-wave infrared photodetectors on silicon (2012)

A surface-illuminated photoconductive detector based on Ge0.91Sn0.09 quantum wells with Ge barriers grown on a silicon substrate is demonstrated. Photodetection up to 2.2µm is achieved with a responsivity of 0.1 A/W for 5V bias. The spectral absorption characteristics are analyzed as a function of the GeSn/Ge heterostructure parameters. This work demonstrates that GeSn/Ge heterostructures can be used to developed SOI waveguide integrated photodetectors for short-wave infrared applications.
METHYL DIHYDROJASMONATE AND ITS STEREOISOMERS: SENSORY PROPERTIES AND ENANTIOSELECTIVE ANALYSIS (2002)

Enantiomeric methyl dihydrojasmonates (MDHJs) were separated by chiral gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography. Organoleptical evaluation clearly revealed that all four stereoisomers are odor-active and differ in their olfactory properties. Using enantio-multidimensional capillary GC–mass spectrometry with heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tertbutyldimethylsilyl)-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral stationary phase, the direct enantioselective analysis of all four stereoisomers of MDHJ in numerous natural products was achieved for the first time.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with antiretroviral therapy initiated before pregnancy and during pregnancy: a retrospective study in Hubei province, China (2023)

Our data suggests that LPV/r-NRTIs has been widely used among PWLHIV in recent years. However, the potential risk of LBW should be continuously monitored among PWLHIV whether LPV/r-NRTIs is initiated before or during pregnancy.
Harmonic decomposition of two particle angular correlations in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV (2012)

Angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger (t) and associated (a) particles are measured by the ALICE experiment in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV for transverse momenta 0.25<pTt,a<15GeV/c, where pTt>pTa. The shapes of the pair correlation distributions are studied in a variety of collision centrality classes between 0 and 50% of the total hadronic cross section for particles in the pseudorapidity interval |η|<1.0. Distributions in relative azimuth Δϕ≡ϕt−ϕa are analyzed for |Δη|≡|ηt−ηa|>0.8, and are referred to as “long-range correlations”. Fourier components VnΔ≡〈cos(nΔϕ)〉 are extracted from the long-range azimuthal correlation functions. If particle pairs are correlated to one another through their individual correlation to a common symmetry plane, then the pair anisotropy VnΔ(pTt,pTa) is fully described in terms of single-particle anisotropies vn(pT) as VnΔ(pTt,pTa)=vn(pTt)vn(pTa). This expectation is tested for 1⩽n⩽5 by applying a global fit of all VnΔ(pTt,pTa) to obtain the best values vn{GF}(pT). It is found that for 2⩽n⩽5, the fit agrees well with data up to pTa∼3–4GeV/c, with a trend of increasing deviation as pTt and pTa are increased or as collisions become more peripheral. This suggests that no pair correlation harmonic can be described over the full 0.25<pT<15GeV/c range using a single vn(pT) curve; such a description is however approximately possible for 2⩽n⩽5 when pTa<4GeV/c. For the n=1 harmonic, however, a single v1(pT) curve is not obtained even within the reduced range pTa<4GeV/c.
Fundamental study on molecular design of bioconjugated drugs with water-soluble polymeric modifiers: Influence of electric charge on pharmacokinetics of water-soluble polymers. (1997)

In order to achieve optimum drug delivery for clinical application, the bioconjugated drugs with polymeric modifiers must be designed to show desirable biopharmaceutical characteristics. Pharmacokinetics of bioconjugated drugs is greatly affected by physicochemical characteristics of polymeric modifiers themselves. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationships between pharmacokinetics of polymeric modifiers and their physicochemical properties typified with molecular weight, electric charge, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and so on. In the present study, we synthesized two anionized polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by radical copolymerization between vinylpyrrolidone monomer and acrylic acid or vinylsulfonic acid co-monomer to assess the influence of anionic groups on pharmacokinetics of polymeric modifiers. The resulting anionized PVPs were eliminated from the circulation more rapidly than nonionic PVP. An increase of negative charge on polymeric modifier occurred a decrease of circulation life-time. In addition, though PVP showed no specific tissue distribution, anionized PVP was markedly accumulated to kidney at 3 hr after iv injection. These fundamental approach will enable to chose the optimum polymeric modifiers for features of drugs or for purposes of bioconjugation.
ACE2 engagement exposes the fusion peptide to pan-coronavirus neutralizing antibodies (2022)

Abstract Coronaviruses use diverse Spike (S) glycoproteins to attach to host receptors and fuse with target cells. Using a broad screening approach, we isolated from SARS-CoV-2 immune donors seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind to all human alpha and beta coronavirus S proteins. These mAbs recognize the fusion peptide and acquire high affinity and breadth through somatic mutations. Despite targeting a conserved motif, only some mAbs show broad neutralizing activity in vitro against alpha and beta coronaviruses, including Omicron BA.1 variant and bat WIV-1, and reduce viral titers and pathology in vivo. Structural and functional analyses show that the fusion peptide-specific mAbs bind with different modalities to a cryptic epitope which is concealed by prefusion-stabilizing ‘2P’ mutations and becomes exposed upon binding of ACE2 or ACE2-mimicking mAbs. This study identifies a new class of pan-coronavirus neutralizing mAbs and reveals a receptor-induced conformational change in the S protein that exposes the fusion peptide region.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Opium Alkaloids. Part 25. Diels‐Alder Reaction of 6‐Demethoxy‐β‐dihydrothebaine with Methyl Vinyl Ketone Using Microwave Heating: Preparation and Pharmacology of 3‐Hydroxy‐α,α,17‐trimethyl‐6β,14β‐ethenomorphinan‐7β# ‐methanol, a Novel Deoxygenated Diprenorphine Analogue. (1988)

Abstract The title reaction between (I) and (II) yields the adducts (III) (X‐ray analysis of the 4‐O‐phenyl ether: space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 ; Z=4) and (IV).
Application of Embedded System in Energy Management System (2014)

In this paper, a custom-made energy management system based on embedded system with a touch panel/LCD/FPGA and microprocessor is implemented, it not only solve the problem of energy waste, control scattered energy supply and saving, but also generate a user-friendly control platform. The life of the proposed system is also longer than an EMS with personal computer. In the proposed embedded EMS, a simulation of FPGA is firstly designed and processed with the control circuit of touch panel, RENESASs micro-processor, and communication panels of ZIGBEE and CAN BUS to constitute the system hardware. Analysis and allocation of energy is then done to complete the software design. Finally, experimental results are used to verify the feasibility and reliability of the proposed EMS.
Analytical method to calculate the DC link current stress in voltage source converters (2014)

The dc-link capacitor is one of the critical components, which influences the lifetime of the whole voltage source converter unit. For reliable design, the operating temperature of the dc-link capacitor should be known, which is primarily determined by the ambient temperature and the rms value of the current flowing through the dc-link capacitor. A simple analytical method to calculate the rms value of the dc-link capacitor current is presented in this paper. The effect of the line current ripple on the rms value of the dc-link capacitor current is considered. This yields accurate results, especially for the applications with high line current ripple. The effect of the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) scheme on the rms value of the dc-link current is also studied and the analysis for continuous PWM and discontinuous PWM (DPWM) schemes is presented. The proposed analytical method is also verified experimentally.
Impact of Curcumin, Raspberry Extract, and Neem Leaf Extract on Rel Protein-Regulated Cell Death/Radiosensitization in Pancreatic Cancer Cells (2011)

These data strongly imply that CUR, NLE, and RSE may serve as effective "deliverables" to potentiate RT in PC cure and further throw light that these phytochemicals-induced cell killing may involve selective regulation of RT-induced NF-κB.
DOP79 Dose escalation of upadacitinib in Crohn’s disease patients with an inadequate response: Data from the randomised CELEST study (2020)

Abstract Background Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) may lose response to treatment, requiring dose adjustments. This analysis from the CELEST study evaluated efficacy and safety in patients with CD who required an escalated dose of upadacitinib (UPA), an oral selective JAK1 inhibitor. Methods CELEST (NCT02365649) was a placebo-controlled phase 2 study of adults with moderate-to-severe CD refractory to immunosuppressants/biologics. Patients were randomised to placebo or UPA 3, 6, 12, or 24 mg twice daily (BID) or 24mg once daily (QD) for 16 weeks (weeks), followed by a 36-week double-blind maintenance period to receive 3, 6 or 12mg BID or 24mg QD (Figure 1). Patients who met criteria for inadequate response (average daily liquid/soft stool frequency [SF] &amp;gt;2.2 or average daily abdominal pain score &amp;gt;1.8, and increase in hs-CRP &amp;gt;1 mg/l from baseline [BL] or hs-CRP ≥5 mg/l at previous or current visit) at or after week 20 were eligible to receive open-label (OL) therapy with UPA 12mg BID. Patients with inadequate response at or after 4 weeks of OL 12 mg BID could further escalate to OL 24 mg BID. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics of clinical/endoscopic improvement, change from BL in hs-CRP and faecal calprotectin (FC), and AEs at week 52. Results Among 220 randomised patients, 180 were re-randomised into the maintenance period; 60 had inadequate response and received OL 12 mg BID. Of the 60 patients, 25 (42%) were in clinical response at week 16. After receiving OL 12 mg, 27 patients (45%) required escalation to OL 24 mg BID. A higher proportion of patients who received OL 24 mg received 2 or more prior TNF antagonists, and had higher BL FC, SF, and Simplified Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) compared with patients who remained on OL 12 mg BID (Table 1). At week 52, 15% of patients who received OL 12 mg achieved clinical remission and 10% achieved endoscopic response. Of the patients who escalated to OL 24 mg, 39% achieved clinical remission and 41% were in endoscopic response at week 52 (Table 2). At week 52, change from BL in FC and hs-CRP was −2123 ± 2475 µg/g and −5.1 mg/l, respectively, for patients who received OL 24 mg vs. −423 ± 2953 and −6.4 mg/l for OL 12 mg. Serious infection was reported in 3 patients (2 receiving OL 12 mg and 1 receiving OL 24 mg). Two nonserious herpes zoster events were reported (1 on each dose), but neither event led to discontinuation of UPA. No malignancies, cardiovascular events, thromboembolic events, intestinal perforations, tuberculosis, or deaths were reported for patients who dose-escalated. Conclusion Patients with non-response or loss of response during CELEST gained clinical remission and endoscopic response with UPA 12 mg BID or further escalation to 24 mg BID. No new safety risks were observed for either dose of UPA, consistent with double-blind CELEST results.
Linking type 2 diabetes and gynecological cancer: an introductory overview (2018)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with a growing prevalence and a leading cause of death in many countries. Several epidemiological studies observed an association between T2D and increased risk of many types of cancer, such as gynecologic neoplasms (endometrial, cervical, ovarian and vulvar cancer). Insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and high free ovarian steroid hormones are considered the possible mechanisms behind this complex relationship. A higher risk of endometrial cancer was observed in T2D, even though this association largely attenuated after adjusting for obesity. A clear relationship between the incidence of cervical cancer (CC) and T2D has still not be determined; however T2D might have an impact on prognosis in patients with CC. To date, studies on the association between T2D and ovarian cancer (OC) are limited. The effect of pre-existing diabetes on cancer-specific mortality has been evaluated in several studies, with less clear results. Other epidemiological and experimental studies focused on the potential role of diabetes medications, mainly metformin, in cancer development in women. The correct understanding of the link between T2D and gynecologic cancer risk and mortality is currently imperative to possibly modify screening and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols in the future.
Gut bacterial community diversity in Carposina sasakii and Grapholitha molesta. (2018)

To clarify the community structure and diversity of larval gut bacteria in Carposina sasakii and Grapholitha molesta, the V4 regions of the 16S rDNA genes of intestinal bacteria of C. sasakii and G. molesta larvae which fed by golden delicious apple, were amplified and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq technique. The results showed that a total of 229043 high quality reads of gut bacteria in C. sasakii larvae were obtained and clustered to 2112 OTUs, which were annotated into 27 phyla, 65 classes, 124 orders, 205 families and 281 genera. 240389 reads of G. molesta were produced and clustered to 957 OTUs, which were annotated into 22 Phyla, 46 Classes, 89 Orders, 145 Families and 180 Genera. C. sasakii was dominated by the Proteobacteria (87.98%±5.29%), Firmicutes (3.91%±1.19%), Actinobacteria (1.04%±0.47%), and G. molesta was mainly dominated by Proteobacteria (50.06%±19.56%), Firmicutes (32.02%±8.48%) and Cyanobacteria (25.24%±10.28%). All of Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species of the bacteria were significantly different between C. sasakii and G. molesta. Those results suggested that the gut bacteria community in these two fruit-boring pests was notably different, although they were both fed by apple fruit. The bacteria communities were more complex in C. sasakii than in G. molesta, which might account for different feeding and digestion mechanisms. The results could lay a foundation to reveal the association of the intestinal bacteria with these two fruit borers.
The Adjuvanticity of an O. volvulus-Derived rOv-ASP-1 Protein in Mice Using Sequential Vaccinations and in Non-Human Primates (2012)

Adjuvants potentiate antigen-specific protective immune responses and can be key elements promoting vaccine effectiveness. We previously reported that the Onchocerca volvulus recombinant protein rOv-ASP-1 can induce activation and maturation of naïve human DCs and therefore could be used as an innate adjuvant to promote balanced Th1 and Th2 responses to bystander vaccine antigens in mice. With a few vaccine antigens, it also promoted a Th1-biased response based on pronounced induction of Th1-associated IgG2a and IgG2b antibody responses and the upregulated production of Th1 cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6. However, because it is a protein, the rOv-ASP-1 adjuvant may also induce anti-self-antibodies. Therefore, it was important to verify that the host responses to self will not affect the adjuvanticity of rOv-ASP-1 when it is used in subsequent vaccinations with the same or different vaccine antigens. In this study, we have established rOv-ASP-1's adjuvanticity in mice during the course of two sequential vaccinations using two vaccine model systems: the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV spike protein and a commercial influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine comprised of three virus strains. Moreover, the adjuvanticity of rOv-ASP-1 was retained with an efficacy similar to that obtained when it was used for a first vaccination, even though a high level of anti-rOv-ASP-1 antibodies was present in the sera of mice before the administration of the second vaccine. To further demonstrate its utility as an adjuvant for human use, we also immunized non-human primates (NHPs) with RBD plus rOv-ASP-1 and showed that rOv-ASP-1 could induce high titres of functional and protective anti-RBD antibody responses in NHPs. Notably, the rOv-ASP-1 adjuvant did not induce high titer antibodies against self in NHPs. Thus, the present study provided a sound scientific foundation for future strategies in the development of this novel protein adjuvant.
Preoperative Use of Methotrexate and the Risk of Early Postoperative Complications in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2016)

Preoperative MTX use does not seem to be associated with early postoperative complications in IBD.
Inhibition of the first phosphodiester bond formation catalyzed by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase in the presence of bovine seminal plasmin: promoter dependency (1989)

Inhibition of the abortive initiation of transcription catalyzed by E. coli RNA polymerase has been studied here in the presence of bovine seminal plasmin. Seminal plasmin, which is known to be a stronger inhibitor than rifampicin binds at the same site as rifampicin to RNA polymerase. However, unlike rifampicin, seminal plasmin showed the inhibition of the formation of both the first and second phosphodiester bonds. We observed, in vitro, that the degree of inhibition of transcription was different at different promoters. Thus, the percent of inhibition of transcription initiation by seminal plasmin was much less at r-RNA promoters in comparison to that at the early promoters of bacteriophage T7.
Factors governing 310‐helix vs α‐helix formation in peptides: Percentage of Cα‐tetrasubstituted α‐amino acid residues and sequence dependence (2002)

As an additional step toward the dissection of the factors responsible for the onset of 3(10)-helix vs alpha-helix in peptides, in this paper we describe the results of a three-dimensional (3D) structural analysis by x-ray diffraction of the N(alpha)-acylated heptapeptide alkylamide mBrBz-L-Iva-L-(alphaMe)Val-L-Abu-L-(alphaMe)Val-L-(alphaMe)Phe-L-(alphaMe)Val-L-Iva-NHMe characterized by a single (L-Abu3) C(alpha)-trisubstituted and six C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acids. We find that in the crystal state this peptide is folded in a mixed helical structure with short elements of 3(10)-helix at either terminus and a central region of alpha-helix. This finding, taken together with the published NMR and x-ray diffraction data on the all C(alpha)-methylated parent sequence and its L-Val2 analog (also the latter heptapeptide has a single C(alpha)-trisubstituted alpha-amino acid) strongly supports the view that one C(alpha)-trisubstituted alpha-amino acid inserted near the N-terminus of an N(alpha)-acylated heptapeptide alkylamide sequence may be enough to switch a regular 3(10)-helix into an essentially alpha-helical conformation. As a corollary of this work, the x-ray diffraction structure of the N(alpha)-protected, C-terminal tetrapeptide alkylamide Z-L-(alphaMe)Val-L-(alphaMe)Phe-L-(alphaMe)Val-L-Iva-NHMe, also reported here, is clearly indicative of the preference of this fully C(alpha)-methylated, short peptide for the 3(10)-helix. As the same terminally blocked sequence is mixed 3(10)/alpha-helical in the L-Abu3 heptapeptide amide but regular 3(10)-helical in the tetrapeptide amide and in the parent heptapeptide amide, these results point to an evident plasticity even of a fully C(alpha)-methylated short peptide.
Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Germany: What about Early Intervention? (2016)

Background/Purpose: Within clinical studies, early intervention (EI) has been shown to positively influence the outcome of VLBW infants.
Quantitative and Qualitative Perturbations of CD8+ MAITs in Healthy Mycobacterium tuberculosis–Infected Individuals (2020)

CD8 T cells are considered important contributors to the immune response against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, yet limited information is currently known regarding their specific immune signature and phenotype. In this study, we applied a cell population transcriptomics strategy to define immune signatures of human latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in memory CD8 T cells. We found a 41-gene signature that discriminates between memory CD8 T cells from healthy LTBI subjects and uninfected controls. The gene signature was dominated by genes associated with mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs) and reflected the lower frequency of MAITs observed in individuals with LTBI. There was no evidence for a conventional CD8 T cell-specific signature between the two cohorts. We, therefore, investigated MAITs in more detail based on Vα7.2 and CD161 expression and staining with an MHC-related protein 1 (MR1) tetramer. This revealed two distinct populations of CD8<sup>+</sup>Vα7.2<sup>+</sup>CD161<sup>+</sup> MAITs: MR1 tetramer<sup>+</sup> and MR1 tetramer<sup>-</sup>, which both had distinct gene expression compared with memory CD8 T cells. Transcriptomic analysis of LTBI versus noninfected individuals did not reveal significant differences for MR1 tetramer<sup>+</sup> MAITs. However, gene expression of MR1 tetramer<sup>-</sup> MAITs showed large interindividual diversity and a tuberculosis-specific signature. This was further strengthened by a more diverse TCR-α and -β repertoire of MR1 tetramer<sup>-</sup> cells as compared with MR1 tetramer<sup>+</sup> Thus, circulating memory CD8 T cells in subjects with latent tuberculosis have a reduced number of conventional MR1 tetramer<sup>+</sup> MAITs as well as a difference in phenotype in the rare population of MR1 tetramer<sup>-</sup> MAITs compared with uninfected controls.
Passivation and interface state density of SiO2/HfO2-based/polycrystalline-Si gate stacks (2003)

We demonstrate that a forming gas annealing temperature of 520 °C significantly improves interface state passivation for SiO2/HfO2-based/polycrystalline-Si gate stacks as compared to annealing at 420 °C normally used for SiO2/polycrystalline-Si gate stacks. We also show that the initial interface state density is dependent upon the interfacial SiO2 preparation, whereby a chemically grown oxide has a higher initial interface state density as compared to a thermally grown oxide.
Permittivity scaling in Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films and ceramics (2011)

A dramatic enhancement in the electromechanical response of barium titanate thin films is demonstrated by understanding and optimizing the relationship between organic removal, crystallization, and microstructure, which therefore results in pore elimination, larger grain sizes, and superior densification. The combination enables one to produce bulk-like dielectric properties in a thin film with a room temperature permittivity value above 3000. This advancement in complex oxide thin film processing science creates a new perspective from which to compare, parameterize, and better understand a collection of literature data concerning the manner in which the dielectric response of BaTiO3 depends upon physical dimensions. We are consequently able to apply a single physical model to bulk ceramic and thin film systems, and so demonstrate that the existence of parasitic interfacial layers are not needed to explain dielectric scaling. This work is instrumental in illustrating that extrinsic contributions to scaling are predominant, and that a fundamental understanding of material synthesis provides important opportunities to broaden the spectrum of nonlinear electromechanical properties that can be achieved in ferroelectric thin films.