gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of tariffs, import taxes, and fuel costs on the us orange juice market (1988)

The impacts are examined of import charges and fuel costs on the relative costs of supplying US markets from Florida and Brazil and of supplying imported FCOJ via Florida and non-Florida ports. There are two import charges, the US Tariff and the Florida Equalization Tax. The former is found to provide considerable protection against imports, while the latter's main effect is to place Florida importers at a marked disadvantage to those in other areas of the country. Fuel cost variations have very modest effects.
Addressing the challenges of thermal imaging for firefighting applications (2003)

By providing visibility through smoke and absolute darkness, thermal imaging has the potential to radically improve the effectiveness and safety of the modern firefighter. Some of the roles of thermal imaging are assisting in detection of victims; navigating through dark, smoke-filled structures; detecting indications of imminent flash-over/roll-over; identifying and attacking the seat and extension of a fire; and surveying for lingering hot spots after a fire is nearly extinguished. In many respects, thermal imaging is ideally suited for these functions. However, firefighting applications present the infrared community some unique and challenging design constraints, not the least of which is an operating environment that is in some ways more harsh than most aerospace applications. While many previous papers have described the benefits of thermal imaging for firefighters, this paper describes several specific engineering challenges of this application. These include large ambient temperature range, rapidly changing scene dynamics, extreme demands on AGC, and large dynamic range requirements. This paper describes these and other challenges in detail and explains how they were addressed and overcome in the design of <i>Evolution 5000</i>, a state-of-the-art thermal imager designed and manufactured by Mine Safety Appliances (MSA) using Indigo System’s Omega miniature uncooled camera core.
Lung Resection Using the Nd:YAG laser (1996)

One hundred and seventy-seven patients (79 primary lung cancers, 94 metastatic lung cancers and 4 benign tumors) underwent lung resection procedure using a Neodymium: yttrium aluminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser. Of the 79 patients with primary lung cancer, 44 patients with T1N0M0 disease underwent an intentional limited operation, a so-called“radical laser segmentectomy”. These patients showed a good 5-year survival rate of 88% without tumor recurrence at the lung's resected margin. The percentage of patients losing respiratory functions was significantly smaller in the laser segmentectomy group than in the standard lobectomy group. Of the 94 patients with metastatic lung cancer, 59 had multiple metastases. These patients had a better survival rate than the 32 patients that did not undergo laser surgery for multiple metastases. However, the difference did not reach a statistically significant level. Of the 177 patients, six experienced a prolonged air leakage as a complication, and of these 6 patients, 4 required an operation to repair the air leak. There was only one operative death. There was no bleeding during the perioperative period. In conclusion, the high-power Nd: YAG laser is effective both as a means for achieving high radicality, and for preserving lung function after lung surgery for malignant lesions.
Nanocrystal emitters for enhanced photovoltaics in UV (2008)

The authors have proposed and demonstrated nanocrystal hybridization of silicon based solar cells for enhanced photovoltaics in the ultraviolet (UV) part of the light spectrum, which is critically important since the UV range makes up around 12% of the entire solar spectrum.
Loss of hematopoietic cell-derived oncostatin M worsens diet-induced dysmetabolism in mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Innate immune cells infiltrate growing adipose and propagate inflammatory clues to metabolically distant tissues, thereby promoting glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Cytokines of the IL-6 family and gp130 ligands are among such signals. The role played by Oncostatin M (OSM) in the metabolic consequences of overfeeding is debated at least in part because prior studies did not distinguish OSM sources and dynamics. Here, we explored the role of OSM in metabolic responses and used bone marrow transplantation to test the hypothesis that hematopoietic cells are major contributors to the metabolic effects of OSM. We show that OSM is required to adapt during the development of obesity as OSM concentrations are dynamically modulated during high-fat diet (HFD) and &lt;em&gt;Osm-/-&lt;/em&gt; mice displayed early-onset glucose intolerance, impaired muscle glucose uptake, worsened liver inflammation and damage. We found that OSM is mostly produced by blood cells, and that deletion of OSM in hematopoietic cells phenocopied glucose intolerance of whole-body &lt;em&gt;Osm-/-&lt;/em&gt; mice on HFD, and recapitulated liver damage with increased aminotransferase levels. We thus uncover that modulation of OSM is involved in the metabolic response to overfeeding and that hematopoietic cell-derived OSM can regulate metabolism, likely via multiple effects in different tissues.&lt;/p&gt;
Temporal modeling of basic human values from social network usage (2018)

Basic human values represent what we think are important to our lives that include security, independence, success, kindness, and pleasure. Each of us holds different values with different degrees of importance. Existing studies show that values of a person can be identified from their social network usage. However, the value priority of a person may change over time due to different factors such as time, event, influence, social structure, and technology. In this research, we are the first to investigate whether the change of value priorities can be identified from social network usage. We propose a weighted hybrid time‐series‐based model to capture the change of values of a social network user. We conducted an experimental study with 726 Facebook users and showed that our model accurately captures the value priority changes from the social network usage and achieves significantly higher accuracy than our baseline hidden Markov model‐based technique. We also validated the change of a user's value priorities in real life using a questionnaire‐based technique.
Mutual isomerization of η1-allenyl and η1-propargyl complexes of platinum via a five-coordinate η3-allenyl/propargyl intermediate (1995)

The reversible spontaneous isomerization between η1-allenyl and η1-propargylplatinum complexes is reported, which is suggested to proceed via pseudorotation of a five-coordinate η3-allenyl/propargyl intermediate.
A radix-4 soft-output Viterbi architecture (2008)

A new radix-4 soft-output Viterbi architecture is presented, which achieves higher data rates than prior radix-2 SOVA designs. The proposed architecture is also more hardware-efficient than a previously reported radix-4 SOVA architecture. New circuits are presented for the generation of path metric differences, the path comparison unit, and reliability update unit. The presented architecture is suitable for highspeed applications such as magnetic recording, where data rates are currently approaching 3 Gb/s.
Topochemical nitridation of Sr2FeMoO6 (2019)

The topotactic nitridation of cation ordered, tetragonal Sr2FeMoO6 in NH3 at moderate temperatures leads to cubic, Fm3[combining macron]m double perovskite oxynitride Sr2FeMoO4.9N1.1 where double-exchange interactions determine ferromagnetic order with TC ≈ 100 K. Substitution of oxide by nitride induces bond asymmetries and local electronically driven structural distortions, which combined with Fermi level lowering restricts charge itinerancy to confined regions and preclude spontaneous long-range magnetic order. Under a magnetic field, ferromagnetic correlations expand, favoring charge delocalization and a negative magnetoresistance is observed.
Multiview video and depth coding (2012)

In this paper we propose a method to encode/decode multiview textures and associated depth maps together in a single bitstream. Encoded bits of depth maps have been merged into that of associated textures in an innovative way with very minimal loss in PSNR of textures, 0.1-0.2 dB for high delay and 0.2-1 dB for low delay applications. Benchmarking results in terms of compression efficiency and quality on HD sequences have been reported to explore the viability of using this technique for Free-view point Video (FVV) or 3DV use cases.
Second Life and Other Virtual Worlds: A Roadmap for Research (Follow-Up Article to the 2007 International Conference on Information Systems Panel) (2008)

Virtual worlds like Life are becoming important tools for, among other activities, socialization, social networking, entertainment, collaboration, and business development. These environments offer information systems researchers a unique opportunity to study how these environments are built and managed by operators, how they are used and misused by users, and the impact that they have on users, communities, organizations, and societies at large. This paper summarizes the discussion of this topic that was presented at the ICIS 2007 panel entitled Second Life and other Virtual Worlds: A Roadmap for Research. The paper provides an introduction to this topic and offers a roadmap for research on virtual worlds based on insights offered by several academics and practitioners who are actively involved in building, managing, and using virtual worlds.
Benefits of Digital for Better Exploration Planning and Execution (2020)

Summary Digital technologies and innovations are disrupting our industry by bringing new, cloud-native solutions to enable better planning and execution of exploration workflows. Being able to standardize a portfolio prioritization process globally, and instantly rank and update with key data or market changes, is key to increase planning efficiency and transparency. The examples provided in this paper show that those new digital solutions break down silos and enable closer collaboration between technical teams and decision makers. The standardization of the portfolio prioritization process is expected to play a key role in dramatically reducing early and costly exploration spend by focusing on the opportunities that matter. In addition, this standardization associated with new ways of working is expected to minimize human bias and reduce competition amongst exploration teams. This should have a clear impact on reducing the gap between pre- and post-drill resource estimations. Finally, capturing and sharing experience and knowledge is key for a sustainable future, and we hope that these new solutions, powered by the cloud, will help in attracting and retaining key talents to the oil and gas industry.
Measurement ofD0–D¯0Mixing Parameters and Search forCPViolation UsingD0→K+π−Decays (2013)

Measurements of charm mixing parameters from the decay-time-dependent ratio of D0 → K+ π- to D0 → K- π+ rates and the charge-conjugate ratio are reported. The analysis uses data, corresponding to 3 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity, from proton-proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies recorded by the LHCb experiment. In the limit of charge-parity (CP ) symmetry, the mixing parameters are determined to be x'2=(5.5±4.9)×10(-5), y'=(4.8±1.0)×10(-3), and RD=(3.568±0.066)×10(-3). Allowing for CP violation, the measurement is performed separately for D0 and D0 mesons yielding AD=(-0.7±1.9)%, for the direct CP-violating asymmetry, and 0.75<|q/p|<1.24 at the 68.3% confidence level, for the parameter describing CP violation in mixing. This is the most precise determination of these parameters from a single experiment and shows no evidence for CP violation.
Safety analysis of high pressure 3He-filled micro-channels for thermal neutron detection. (2008)

This document is a safety analysis of a novel neutron detection technology developed by Sandia National Laboratories. This technology is comprised of devices with tiny channels containing high pressure {sup 3}He. These devices are further integrated into large scale neutron sensors. Modeling and preliminary device testing indicates that the time required to detect the presence of special nuclear materials may be reduced under optimal conditions by several orders of magnitude using this approach. Also, these devices make efficient use of our {sup 3}He supply by making individual devices more efficient and/or extending the our limited {sup 3}He supply. The safety of these high pressure devices has been a primary concern. We address these safety concerns for a flat panel configuration intended for thermal neutron detection. Ballistic impact tests using 3 g projectiles were performed on devices made from FR4, Silicon, and Parmax materials. In addition to impact testing, operational limits were determined by pressurizing the devices either to failure or until they unacceptably leaked. We found that (1) sympathetic or parasitic failure does not occur in pressurized FR4 devices (2) the Si devices exhibited benign brittle failure (sympathetic failure under pressure was not tested) and (3) the Parmax devices failed unacceptably. FR4 devices were filled to pressures up to 4000 + 100 psig, and the impacts were captured using a high speed camera. The brittle Si devices shattered, but were completely contained when wrapped in thin tape, while the ductile FR4 devices deformed only. Even at 4000 psi the energy density of the compressed gas appears to be insignificant compared to the impact caused by the incoming projectile. In conclusion, the current FR4 device design pressurized up to 4000 psi does not show evidence of sympathetic failure, and these devices are intrinsically safe.
Erratum to: Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in Lactobacillus plantarum increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo (2015)

Erratum: Michon, C., Kuczkowska, K., Langella, P., Eijsink, V. G. H., Mathiesen, G., Chatel, J.-M. (2015). . Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in Lactobacillus plantarum increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. Microbial Cell Factories, 14. DOI : 10.1186/s12934-015-0290-9
Advances in SWIR Deep Tissue Imaging Using Machine Learning (2021)

Recently, machine learning (ML), a form of artificial intelligence (AI), has emerged as an important technique in biophotonics, an interdisciplinary field of science that merges the studies of light (photons) and medicine. Applications of ML algorithms to medicine include data preprocessing, feature detection, drug discovery, and disease classification, among others. In fact, it has been suggested that the use of ML algorithms, in particular deep learning (DL), may revolutionize biophotonics.
Resource recovery from desalination brine: energy efficiency and purification process integration for sodium hydroxide production (2018)

The ability to increase pH is a crucial need for desalination pretreatment (especially in reverse osmosis) and for other industries, but processes used to raise pH often incur significant emissions and nonrenewable resource use. Alternatively, waste brine from desalination can be used to create sodium hydroxide, via appropriate concentration and purification pretreatment steps, for input into the chlor-alkali process. In this work, an efficient process train (with variations) is developed and modeled for sodium hydroxide production from seawater desalination brine using membrane chlor-alkali electrolysis. The integrated system includes nanofiltration, concentration via evaporation or mechanical vapor compression, chemical softening, further ion-exchange softening, dechlorination, and membrane electrolysis. System productivity, component performance, and energy consumption of the NaOH production process are highlighted, and their dependencies on electrolyzer outlet conditions and brine recirculation are investigated. The analysis of the process also includes assessment of the energy efficiency of major components, estimation of system operating expense and comparison with similar processes. The brine-to-caustic process is shown to be technically feasible while offering several advantages, that is, the reduced environmental impact of desalination through lessened brine discharge, and the increase in the overall water recovery ratio of the reverse osmosis facility. Additionally, best-use conditions are given for producing caustic not only for use within the plant, but also in excess amounts for potential revenue.
Optimal decorrelating receivers for DS-CDMA systems: a signal processing framework (1996)

Code division multiple access (CDMA) schemes allow a number of asynchronous users to share a transmission medium with minimum cooperation among them. However, sophisticated signal processing algorithms are needed at the receiver to combat interference from other users and multipath effects. A discrete-time multirate formulation is introduced for asynchronous CDMA systems, which can incorporate multipath effects. This formulation reveals interesting links between CDMA receivers and array processing problems. In this framework, linear receivers are derived that can completely suppress multiuser interference (decorrelating receivers). A criterion is introduced, which guarantees the decorrelating property, while providing optimal solutions in the presence of noise. Parametric FIR designs as well as nonparametric solutions are delineated, and their performance is analyzed. The proposed receivers are resistant to near-far effects and do not require the estimation of the users' and noise powers.
Origin of the enhanced performance in poly(3-hexylthiophene): [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester solar cells upon slow drying of the active layer (2006)

The origin of the enhanced performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on slowly dried films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester is investigated, combining charge transport measurements with numerical device simulations. Slow drying leads to a 33-fold enhancement of the hole mobility up to 5.0×10−7m2V−1s−1 in the P3HT phase of the blend, thereby balancing the transport of electrons and holes in the blend. The resulting reduction of space-charge accumulation enables the use of thick films (∼300nm), absorbing most of the incoming photons, without losses in the fill factor and short-circuit current of the device.
Cluster-based associative memories built from unreliable storage (2014)

We consider associative memories based on clustered graphs that were recently introduced. These memories are almost optimal in terms of the amount of storage they require (efficiency), and allow retrieving messages with low complexity. We study an unreliable implementation of the memory and compare its error rate and storage efficiency with that of a reliable implementation. We present analytical and simulation results that indicate that the proposed memory structure can tolerate a large number of faults at a reasonable cost, thereby making it a good candidate for achieving highly efficient circuit implementations of associative memories.
Hadronic resonance production ind+Aucollisions atsNN=200GeV measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (2008)

We present the first measurements of the $\ensuremath{\rho}(770){}^{0},{K}^{*}(892),\ensuremath{\Delta}(1232){}^{++},\ensuremath{\Sigma}(1385)$, and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}(1520)$ resonances in $d+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=200$ GeV, reconstructed via their hadronic decay channels using the STAR detector (the solenoidal tracker at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider). The masses and widths of these resonances are studied as a function of transverse momentum ${p}_{T}$. We observe that the resonance spectra follow a generalized scaling law with the transverse mass ${m}_{T}$. The $\ensuremath{\langle}{p}_{T}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ of resonances in minimum bias collisions are compared with the $\ensuremath{\langle}{p}_{T}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ of $\ensuremath{\pi},K$, and $\overline{p}$. The ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}/{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}},{K}^{*}/{K}^{\ensuremath{-}},{\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{++}/p,\ensuremath{\Sigma}(1385)/\ensuremath{\Lambda}$, and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}(1520)/\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ ratios in $d+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions are compared with the measurements in minimum bias $p+p$ interactions, where we observe that both measurements are comparable. The nuclear modification factors (${R}_{d\mathrm{Au}}$) of the ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0},{K}^{*}$, and ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{*}$ scale with the number of binary collisions (${N}_{\mathrm{bin}}$) for ${p}_{T}&gt;$ 1.2 GeV/$c$.
Enhancement of Antiproliferative Effects of Interleukin‐1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α on Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells by Coculture with Normal Fibroblasts through Secreted Interleukin‐6 (1999)

The cell-cell interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells are considered to be important in the regulation of tumor development at primary and metastatic secondary sites. We studied the effects of various cytokines on the cell-cell interactions between androgen-dependent LNCaP or androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines and normal fibroblasts using a co-culture system. Among the tested combinations of cytokines and fibroblasts, strong modulations of cytokine actions were seen in coculture with human normal fibroblasts WI-38. While interleukin (IL)-1beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) partially suppressed LNCaP cell growth in monoculture, each cytokine completely inhibited it in the case of coculture with WI-38 cells. On the other hand, they did not inhibit PC-3 cell growth significantly, regardless of monoculture or coculture. Conditioned medium prepared from WI-38 cells pretreated with IL-1beta or TNF-alpha also strongly inhibited LNCaP cell growth. In the conditioned medium, marked IL-6 secretion was induced from WI-38 cells by IL-1beta or TNF-alpha. Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies to IL-6 or IL-6 receptor abrogated the antiproliferative effects of IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-pretreated WI-38 conditioned medium. These results demonstrate that the antiproliferative effects of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha on prostate cancer cells are enhanced by coculture with normal fibroblasts through some diffusible factor(s), such as IL-6, from the stimulated fibroblasts.
Characterization and development of P(VDF-TrFE) based high performance electroactive terpolymers (2002)

The structural properties of a class of relaxor ferroelectric polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)] terpolymer, were investigated and compared with those of the poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer, the electron-irradiated copolymer, and the chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) based terpolymer. The experimental results suggest that the random incorporation of the bulky chlorofluoroethylene (CFE) monomer into the polymer chain introduces random defect fields, thus randomizing the inter- and intra-chain polar coupling and breaking the large polar domains into smaller domain sizes. Furthermore, CFE also favors intra-chain trans-gauche conformation. As a result, high electrostrictive strain (>5%) was obtained for the terpolymer with a small mol% of CFE.