gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topochemical Reduction of La2NiO3F2: The First Ni-Based Ruddlesden–Popper n = 1 T′-Type Structure and the Impact of Reduction on Magnetic Ordering (2020)

Within this study, we show that a broad range of reduced phases La2NiO3F2−Δ can be derived from Ruddlesden–Popper-type La2NiO3F2 using a reductive topochemical defluorination method based on reactions between the oxyfluoride and sodium hydride. The selective extraction of fluoride results in strong structural changes, and the nuclear and magnetic structures of the obtained phases have been determined. Due to the high anion content in La2NiO3F2, the formation of Ni+-containing compounds has been observed under reduction. For the first time, this has led to the formation of the highest reduced end member with a T′-type structure with an approximate composition of La2NiO3F in the n = 1 Ruddlesden–Popper-type series containing only Ni+ as the B-cation. This compound can be described as stacking of alternating (La/O2/La) fluorite-type layers with Lan–1(NiO2)n infinite layer structural blocks. The underlying reaction mechanism has been investigated by means of X-ray and neutron diffraction, elemental analysis, and magnetic measurements. Furthermore, to gain a deeper understanding of structural distortions, density functional theory-based calculations were performed, providing information about structural rearrangements upon defluorination and magnetic interactions. It is highlighted that the presence of even small amounts of d9-configured Ni+ cations leads to strong structural changes in La2NiO3F1.93, introducing long-range antiferromagnetic ordering between the adjacent perovskite building blocks by increasing the Ni–X–X–Ni super-superexchange interactions as compared to stoichiometric La2NiO3F2.
Abstract 16730: Prognostic Biomarker for Prediction of Sinus Rhythm Maintenance, Stroke and Long-Term Survival Following Successful Electrical Cardioversion of Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: The Role of Left Atrial Appendage Flow (2014)

Introduction: Left atrial appendage (LAA) flow depends largely on left ventricular compliance and may play a role in mediating the regulation of left atrial volume-pressure relationships. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that LAA emptying flow velocity (LAAEV) is a predictive factor of long-term outcomes (e.g. recurrent AF, stroke, and survival) after cardioversion for non-valvular AF. Method: We identified 3,251 consecutive patients with non-valvular AF who underwent successful TEE-guided electrical cardioversion (ECV) at our institution between May 2000 and March 2012. Successful ECV was defined as sinus rhythm at time of discharge from the cardioversion unit. Patients were monitored following their ECV procedure for first documentation of recurrent AF, stroke or death. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify independent predictors of long-term outcomes. Patients with &gt;= moderate valvular regurgitation or stenosis were excluded. Results: Among the 3,251 patients who were successfully cardioverted to sinus rhythm, the mean (±SD) LAAEV was 38.43±23 cm/s and the median was 33 cm/s, (interquartile range [IQR], 20-50). Patients with LAAEV &lt;=33 cm/s had higher CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score (2.6±1.2 vs. 1.9±1.3, P =.009), larger LAVI (52.0±20.9 cc/m 2 vs. 43.3±13.6 cc/m 2 , P &lt;.001) than those with LAAEV &gt;33 cm/s. Pre or post-procedure antiarrhythmic drug use was similar between the two groups. During 1-year follow-up, patients with LAAEV &lt;=33 cm/s had significantly higher rate of AF recurrence than those with LAAEV &gt;33 cm/s (55% vs 45%, P &lt;.001). Likewise, during a mean follow-up of 4.9±3.6 years, similar patterns in 5-year rates were observed for first recurrence of AF (81% vs 73%, P &lt;.001), stroke (7% vs 4%, P =.003) and mortality (31% vs 23%, P &lt;.001) for LAAEV &lt;=33 vs &gt; 33cm/s, respectively. Stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that LAAEV &lt;=33 cm/s, age, CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score were independent predictors of AF recurrence, stroke and mortality. Conclusions: LAA emptying flow velocity is an effective and convenient method for risk stratification of patients undergoing cardioversion for AF. Our data showed that patients with reduced LAAEV have an increased risk for AF recurrence, stroke and death following electrical cardioversion.
Cyanidiophyceae in Iceland: plastidrbcL gene elucidates origin and dispersal of extremophilicGaldieria sulphurariaandG. maxima(Galdieriaceae, Rhodophyta) (2014)

:The Cyanidiophyceae are a group of unicellular organisms that diverged from ancestral red algae around 1.3 billion years ago. Present-day species are restricted to hot springs and geothermal habitats from around the world. Because of discontinuous geothermal environments, the distribution patterns and dispersal modes of the cyanidiophycean species are poorly understood. Iceland is the third largest island in the Atlantic Ocean and has intense underground volcanic activity that generates broad hydrothermal areas with different ecological conditions that are excellent for thermoacidophilic microfloral development. We analyzed populations to address the Icelandic cyanidiophycean biodiversity and dispersal. A global rbcL phylogeny showed two main populations inhabiting Iceland, Galdieria sulphuraria and G. maxima. Their areas of distribution are not completely superimposed because they coexisted only in New Zealand, Kamchatka (Russia), Japan, and Iceland. Because of the strong monophyly of Icelandic species with Japanese and Russian species, we hypothesized an origin and dispersion of Icelandic G. suphuraria and G. maxima from northeastern Asia. On the basis of network analysis of rbcL haplotypes, it is likely that the southwestern region of Iceland is the diversity center of both G. sulphuraria and G. maxima.
Tracing the Source of Printed Documents with Edge-Refined Stegatones (2011)

A system for tracking and tracing secure documents is described by embedding print job data on each page in a steganographic halftone, preserving the aesthetics of the page. The system demonstrates the ability to transmit job tracking data with perfect accuracy using data hidden in a high-quality rendering of a graphics object. This work addresses two key issues: (1) control of halftoning edge eflects for graphic objects like logos, and (2) compensation for non-afline warping efiects induced by the print-scan process. The solution eliminates noisy edges without sacrificing data-carrying capacity in natural images, while providing automated alignment and robust recovery with the use of error correction codes.
Crosstalk associated with solder ball and/or cutout-hole on the power/ground planes/nets (2016)

This paper presents crosstalk mechanisms due to sold balls and/or holes arranged in the power/ground plane. This paper explains how to identify coupling mechanisms and how to control the crosstalk within manageable strength.
Characterization of a Leishmania tropica antigen that detects immune responses in Desert Storm viscerotropic leishmaniasis patients. (1995)

A chronic debilitating parasitic infection, viscerotropic leishmaniasis (VTL), has been described in Operation Desert Storm veterans. Diagnosis of this disease, caused by Leishmania tropica, has been difficult due to low or absent specific immune responses in traditional assays. We report the cloning and characterization of two genomic fragments encoding portions of a single 210-kDa L. tropica protein useful for the diagnosis of VTL in U.S. military personnel. The recombinant proteins encoded by these fragments, recombinant (r) Lt-1 and rLt-2, contain a 33-amino acid repeat that reacts with sera from Desert Storm VTL patients and with sera from L. tropica-infected patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Antibody reactivities to rLt-1 indicated a bias toward IgG2 in VTL patient sera. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from VTL patients produced interferon gamma, but not interleukin 4 or 10, in response to rLt-1. No cytokine production was observed in response to parasite lysate. The results indicate that specific leishmanial antigens may be used to detect immune responses in VTL patients with chronic infections.
Bilateral comparison of primary low-gas-flow standards between the BNM-LNE and METAS (2002)

In order to evaluate the concordance of two primary low-gas-flow standards based on completely different principles with different traceability to the International System of Units (SI), the Laboratoire National d'Essais (BNM-LNE, France) and the Swiss Federal Office of Metrology and Accreditation (METAS, Switzerland) carried out a bilateral comparison. The two measuring principles - dynamic gravimetry at the BNM-LNE and dynamic volumetry at METAS - were compared by means of a commercial transfer standard molbox/molbloc with flows of nitrogen in the range from 3 ml/min to 10 l/min at 0 °C and 101.325 kPa (3.75 mg/min to 12.5 g/min). The measurement results show relative differences between the two primary standards of less than ±0.1 % for flows in the range 10 ml/min to 10 l/min.
Up-regulation of CD44 in the development of metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance of ovarian cancer (2015)

The clinical significance of Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44) remains controversial in human ovarian cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of CD44 expression by using a unique tissue microarray, and then to determine the biological functions of CD44 in ovarian cancer. In this study, a unique ovarian cancer tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed with paired primary, metastatic, and recurrent tumor tissues from 26 individual patients. CD44 expression in TMA was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Both the metastatic and recurrent ovarian cancer tissues expressed higher level of CD44 than the patient-matched primary tumor. A significant association has been shown between CD44 expression and both the disease free survival and overall survival. A strong increase of CD44 was found in the tumor recurrence of mouse model. Finally, when CD44 was knocked down, proliferation, migration/invasion activity, and spheroid formation were significantly suppressed, while drug sensitivity was enhanced. Thus, up-regulation of CD44 represents a crucial event in the development of metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance to current treatments in ovarian cancer. Developing strategies to target CD44 may prevent metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in ovarian cancer.
Nonresonant CARS Imaging of Porous and Solid Silicon Nanoparticles in Human Cells (2021)

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), a nonlinear optical method for rapid visualization of biological objects, represents a progressive tool in biology and medicine to explore cells and tissue structures in living systems and biopsies. In this study, we report efficient nonresonant CARS imaging of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in human cells as a proof of concept. As both bulk and porous silicon exhibit a high third-order nonlinear susceptibility, χ<sup>(3)</sup>, which is responsible for the CARS intensity, it is possible to visualize the SiNPs without specific labels. Porous and solid SiNPs were obtained from layers of porous and nonporous silicon nanowires and mesoporous silicon. Electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed that porous SiNPs consisted of ∼3 nm silicon nanocrystals (nc-Si) and pores, whereas solid nanoparticles comprised ∼30 nm nc-Si. All types of SiNPs were nontoxic at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL after 24 h of incubation with cells. We demonstrated that although nc-Si possesses a distinguished narrow Raman band of about 520 cm<sup>-1</sup>, it is possible to detect a high CARS signal from SiNPs in the epi-direction even in a nonresonant regime. 3D CARS images showed that all types of studied SiNPs were visualized as bright spots inside the cytoplasm of cells after 3-6 h of incubation because of the contrast provided by the high third-order nonlinear susceptibility of SiNPs, which is 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> to 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> times higher than that of water and typical biological media. Overall, CARS microscopy can provide localization of SiNPs within biological structures at the cellular level and can be a powerful tool for in vitro monitoring of silicon-based drug delivery systems or use SiNPs as labels to monitor various bioprocesses inside living cells.
Tacit Collusion in Auctions and Conditions for Its Facilitation and Prevention: Equilibrium Selection in Laboratory Experimental Markets (2005)

The paper studies bidder behavior in simultaneous, continuous, ascending price auctions. The purpose is to create (possibly extreme) conditions under which tacit collusion develops quickly, naturally and reliably; study models of its development, and then study institutional and environmental remedies that would cause it to evolve into competitive behavior. Special environments were implemented with a purpose of creating good conditions for the development of tacit collusion. The special environments were based on a type of public, symmetrically "folded" preferences together with what we call "item-aligned" preferences. Once tacit collusion developed, remedies were implemented and the success of the remedies in promoting competitive behavior was studied. The results are as follow. (1) The environmental conditions do foster tacit collusion. (2) The tacit collusion corresponds to the unique buyer Pareto Equilibrium of a game theoretic model of the auction process. (3) Once tacit collusion developed, it proved remarkably robust to institutional changes that weakened it as an equilibrium of the game theoretic model. (4) The only remedy that was clearly successful was a nonpublic change in the preference of participants that destroyed the symmetrically, "folded" and "item aligned" patterns of preferences, creating head to head competition between two agents reminiscent of the concept of a "maverick".
Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, M-protein, and Skin Changes (POEMS) Syndrome and Idiopathic Portal Hypertension: A Rare Association (2022)

Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome due to an underlying plasma cell neoplasm. The diagnosis of POEMS syndrome is made with three of the major criteria, two of which must include polyradiculoneuropathy and clonal plasma (PCD), and at least one of the minor criteria. The most frequent liver manifestation is hepatomegaly. Idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) has been reported rarely in POEMS syndrome. The precise etiopathogenesis of IPH is not fully elucidated. We report a 46-year-old male patient presenting with POEMS syndrome. He presented postprandial vomiting and left tinnitus. Loss of appetite, leanness, and excessive sweat were concomitant symptoms. Abdominal examination revealed splenomegaly and an absence of hepatomegaly. Abdominal ultrasonography was therefore performed, revealing hepatosplenomegaly with dilatation of the splenic vein. An abdominal computed tomography confirmed the presence of an 18.5 cm splenomegaly with dilatation of the splenic and portal vein. Upper endoscopy with biopsy showed minimal, non-atrophic, mildly active chronic, follicular antrofundic gastritis without esophageal varices. Laboratory and radiological examinations could not confirm the etiology of portal hypertension. The liver biopsy suggested hepatoportal sclerosis, compatible with IPH. The patient initially received six courses of the CTD (cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone) protocol. He subsequently proceeded to an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), and the patient achieved a considerable improvement. POEMS syndrome could be complicated with IPH. There are only a few cases of IPH associated with POEMS syndrome in the literature. This case highlights the manifestation of portal hypertension in POEMS syndrome.
Texture-based Segmentation of Instruments in 3D Ultrasound (2005)

no abstract
Novel SiC Power Devices utilizing a Si/4H-SiC Heterojunction (2007)

We have developed novel SIC devices, both a diode and a transistor, utilizing a Si/4H-SiC heteroj unction. A heterojunction diode (HJD) was fabricated with P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> polycrystalline silicon on an N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> epitaxial layer of 4H-SiC. The HJD achieved lower Von and higher reverse blocking voltage than a commercial Schottky barrier diode (SBD) of SiC. Switching charcteristics of the HJD indicated almost zero reverse recovery similar to that of a SBD. A hetero junction tunneling transistor (HETT) was driven by an insulated gate electrode. The width of the heterojunction barrier was controlled by the gate bias to allow tunneling current to flow. The HETT was fabricated with N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> polycrystalline silicon on an N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> 4H-SiC epitaxial layer. The channnel length of the HETT was almost zero and was expected to have low on-resistance.
Synergistic Effect of Sulfur and Chalcogen Atoms on the Enhanced Refractive Indices of Polyimides in the Visible and Near-Infrared Regions (2019)

To develop thermally stable optical polymers for visible and near-infrared sensor applications, a series of sulfur-containing polyimides (PIs) with chalcogen atoms were successfully synthesized via conventional two-step polycondensation of 4,4′-[p-thiobis(phenylenesulfanyl)]diphthalic anhydride (3SDEA) with four diamines: 4,4′-oxidianiline (ODA), 4,4′-thiodianiline (TDA), 4,4′-selenodianiline (SEDA), and 4,4′-tellurodianiline (TEDA). Because of the large atomic polarizabilities of the sulfur, selenium, and tellurium atoms, the resultant PIs exhibited significantly high refractive indices in the 1.738–1.778 range at 637 nm along with a transmittance >90% at 650–1500 nm. In addition, the PIs exhibited good thermal stability, with high thermal decomposition and glass transition temperatures (Td5% > 390 °C and Tg = 183–217 °C, respectively). Owing to the good affinity of SEDA–3SDEA for TiO2 nanoparticles, a nanocomposite film with a 3.0 wt % loading of TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited a refractive index of 1.774 at 637 nm.
Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigation of an Oxime Ether Electrocyclization Approach to Heteroaromatic Boronic Acid Derivatives (2018)

A range of functionalized heteroaromatic boronic acid derivatives are readily accessed by a diboration/6π-electrocyclization sequence. This study revealed the surprising observation that there is a direct relationship between oxime ether stereochemistry and reactivity towards electrocyclization. Specifically, E-oxime ethers are found to be significantly more reactive than their Z-counterparts (stereochemistry relative to azatriene scaffold). In contrast, the configuration at the azatriene alkene terminus has little impact on reaction rates. Computational analysis offers a rationale for this observation; a N<sub>lone pair</sub> →C=C π* orbital interaction lowers the energy of the transition state in the electrocyclization of E-oxime ethers. Finally, unreactive Z-oxime ethers can be converted to the corresponding heterocyclic products by a photolytically promoted E→Z isomerization and electrocyclization sequence.
Apical loop-internal loop RNA pseudoknots: a new type of stimulator of -1 translational frameshifting in bacteria. (2008)

International audience
Quantum efficiency of ambipolar light-emitting polymer field-effect transistors (2008)

The emission characteristics and external quantum efficiencies of ambipolar polymer light-emitting field-effect transistors are investigated as a function of applied voltage, current density, and ratio of hole to electron mobility. Green-emitting poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) with balanced electron and hole mobilities and red-emitting poly((9,9-dioctylfluorene)-2,7- diyl-alt-[4,7-bis(3-hexylthien-5-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole]-2′,2″-diyl) (F8TBT) with strongly unbalanced hole and electron mobilities as semiconducting and emissive polymers are compared. The current-voltage and light output characteristics of the two types of light-emitting transistors were found to be fundamentally alike independent of mobility ratio. Device modeling allowing for a single (Langevin-type) charge recombination mechanism was able to reproduce the device characteristics for both cases but could not replicate the experimentally observed dependence of external quantum efficiency on current density. The increase of quantum efficiency with current density up to a saturation value could be indicative of a trap-assisted nonradiative decay mechanism at the semiconductor-dielectric interface. Optical output modeling confirmed that the maximum external quantum efficiency of F8BT light-emitting transistors of 0.8% is consistent with complete recombination of all charges and a singlet exciton fraction of 25%.
Mutagenic metabolites in urine and feces of rats fed with 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, a carcinogenic mutagen present in cooked meat. (1987)

To study the in vivo fate of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), a carcinogenic mutagen present in cooked meat, rats were fed MeIQx in the diet and their urine and feces were analyzed for the metabolites. The isolation procedure included specific adsorption of MeIQx derivatives to blue cotton and subsequent fractionations by thin layer chromatography on silica gel and by high pressure liquid chromatography. Attention was focused on mutagenically active metabolites. Three metabolites were isolated from the urine, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet, and mass spectra. The first metabolite characterized was 2-amino-8-hydroxymethyl-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (Compound I), the second was 2-acetylamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (Compound II), and the third was 2-amino-8-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (Compound III). Compound I was isolated also from the feces. Compounds I-III were mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with metabolic activation. The mutagenic potency of Compounds I and II was as high as that of MeIQx, and that of Compound III was much lower than that of MeIQx.
QUALITY VERIFICATION FROM FIELD TRIALS OF MULTI-BELLED CAST-IN-PLACE PILE USING BELLING BUCKET WITHOUT HYDRAULIC DRIVE (2021)

Multi-belled cast-in-place concrete piling method has been developed, which use mechanical belling bucket without hydraulic drive. The buckets are designed for several size applicable from medium-rise to super high-rise buildings. Hydraulic belling buckets are also provided as a compatible device for mechanical ones. Field trials were carried out in order to verify the performance of the proposed buckets and the quality of the constructed piles. From the results, it was confirmed that the piles satisfied the required shape and quality by both mechanical and hydraulic belling excavation ways, and that mechanical one could shorten the construction period for compact piles.
A Longitudinal Study on the Natural History of Serum Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Changes in Chronic Hepatitis B (2010)

HBsAg remained stable in HBeAg-positive patients and tended to reduce slowly in HBeAg-negative patients. Reduction of HBsAg for >1 log IU/mL could reflect improved immune control.
Biodistribution of Neural Stem Cells After Intravascular Therapy for Hypoxic–Ischemia (2010)

IA transplantation results in superior delivery and sustained presence of neural stem cells in the ischemic brain in comparison to intravenous infusion.