gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A robust machine learning method for cell-load approximation in wireless\n networks (2017)

We propose a learning algorithm for cell-load approximation in wireless\nnetworks. The proposed algorithm is robust in the sense that it is designed to\ncope with the uncertainty arising from a small number of training samples. This\nscenario is highly relevant in wireless networks where training has to be\nperformed on short time scales because of a fast time-varying communication\nenvironment. The first part of this work studies the set of feasible rates and\nshows that this set is compact. We then prove that the mapping relating a\nfeasible rate vector to the unique fixed point of the non-linear cell-load\nmapping is monotone and uniformly continuous. Utilizing these properties, we\napply an approximation framework that achieves the best worst-case performance.\nFurthermore, the approximation preserves the monotonicity and continuity\nproperties. Simulations show that the proposed method exhibits better\nrobustness and accuracy for small training sets in comparison with standard\napproximation techniques for multivariate data.\n
A 0.18 μm 3.0 V 64 Mb non-volatile phase-transition random-access memory (PRAM) (2004)

A non-volatile 64 Mb phase-transition RAM is developed by fully integrating a chalcogenide alloy GST (Ge/sub 2/Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 5/) into 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. This alloy is programmed by resistive heating. To optimize SET/RESET distribution, a 512 kb sub-core architecture, featuring meshed ground line, is proposed. Random read access and write access for SET/RESET are 60 ns, 120 ns and 50 ns, respectively, at 3.0 and 30/spl deg/C.
A Study of Baker's Yeast Reduction of Piperidone-carboxylates. (1998)

The stereoselective baker's yeast reduction of various N-protected piperidone-carboxylic acids have been studied, and the enantioselectivity was found to be widely dependent on whether fermenting or non-fermenting conditions were employed. Thus reaction of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-oxopiperidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (6) with fermenting baker's yeast gave almost racemic N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (7), however, with complete diastereoselectivity. Reduction of 6 with non-fermenting yeast gave 7 with a 24-41% enantiomeric excess. Similarly, reduction of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-3-oxopiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (17) with fermenting baker's yeast gave racemic N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxypiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester [(+/-)-18] diastereoselectively. A convenient method for determining the enantiomeric excess of the hydroxypiperidine carboxylic acids derivatives was found in the reaction with Sanger's reagent followed by HPLC on a chiral column.
Experimental Demonstration of Remotely Controlled and Powered Tunable Optical 2-4 Taps Correlator of a 20-100 Gbit/s QPSK Channel Based on Laser-Delivered Bias and Control Signals (2021)

We experimentally demonstrate a 2-4 tap QPSK correlation using a cascade of MZIs which are remotely controlled through an optical link. The delivered power to the correlator is tuned and different target patterns are tailored.
A New Efficient Convergent Synthesis of Conjugated Aryl-containing Dendrimers (2010)

Dendrimers are branched macromolecules that consist of a core, one or more dendrons, and surface groups. Due to their controlled mass, uniform structure, surface functionality and good solubility (relative to linear polymers), they have been studied for a wide range of pharmaceutical applications including solubility enhancement, 1,2 drug delivery, 3,4 MRI contrast agents, 5,6 neutron capture therapy, 7 gene therapy 8 and photodynamic therapy.
Induction of Intrahepatic HCV NS4B, NS5A and NS5B-Specific Cellular Immune Responses following Peripheral Immunization (2012)

Numerous studies have suggested that an effective Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) vaccine must induce strong cytotoxic and IFN-γ+ T cell responses targeting the non-structural region of the virus. Most importantly, these responses must be able to migrate into and remain functional within the liver, an organ known to cause T cell tolerance. Using three novel HCV DNA vaccines encoding non-structural proteins NS4B, NS5A and NS5B, we assessed the ability of peripheral immunization to induce functional intrahepatic immunity both in the presence and absence of cognate HCV antigen expression within the liver. We have shown that these constructs induced potent HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the spleen of C57BL/6 mice and that these responses were detected within the liver following peripheral immunization. Additionally, using a transfection method to express HCV antigen within the liver, we showed that intrahepatic HCV-specific T cells remained highly functional within the liver and retained the ability to become highly activated as evidenced by upregulation of IFN-γ and clearance of HCV protein expressing hepatocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest that peripheral immunization can induce potent HCV-specific T cell responses able to traffic to and function within the tolerant environment of the liver.
Perkin 1 Abstracts: Natural Product Synthesis (2000)

R. Narquizian and J. Milne, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2000, 8-vii DOI: 10.1039/B001753L
A high-efficiency approach for fabricating mass micro holes by batch micro EDM (2007)

This work is a follow-up study based on previous research. The study presents a novel approach for effective production of mass micro holes. Initially, a set of micro w-EDM mechanisms is designed and mounted on the developed precise tabletop CNC machine tool to fabricate the micro electrode array. The tension of the micro wire is precisely controlled by a magnetic force. Furthermore, micro vibrations of the wire during discharging are effectively suppressed by the developed vibration suppression system. To fabricate the mass micro holes, a microstructure array with a high-aspect ratio of 10 × 10 micro squared electrodes, width and height of 21 µm and 700 µm, respectively, for each electrode and 24 µm spacing between two electrodes is fabricated first by using the proposed 'reverse w-EDM' machining strategy. The electrodes array is directly utilized to drill the mass micro holes by bath micro EDM on the same machine. An array of 900 through-holes of the same size is successfully fabricated via the modified peck-drilling method on a 30 µm thick stainless-steel plate. A tip at the free end of the micro electrode is designed and fabricated as a circular-pyramid shape. Experimental results verified that the spiky end form eliminates debris adhering to the edges of the micro holes. Analytical results demonstrate satisfactory hole geometric accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. Furthermore, mass micro holes can be fabricated efficiently using the proposed technique.
Quantitative damage morphology analysis of laser-induced surface cracks in fused silica at 355 nm (1998)

A morphology study was conducted on fused silica surfaces damaged by single pulse laser irradiation at 355 nm. The physical characterization of the surface showed that cracks initiate at ellipsoidal pits on both input and output surfaces. The size of the pit increases with laser pulse-length and the orientation of the ellipse is perpendicular to the electric field. The pits are less than 300 nm deep. Cracks initiate along the main axis of the ellipse. The morphology of the cracks is different for input vs. output surfaces. The output surface crack exhibits a shell- like morphology typical of localized compressive stress. The input surface crack shows, on the other hand, a star-like pattern. These differences seem to be caused by differences in plasma propagation on the surface. The extent of damage and the number of shells or branches increases with increasing fluence. A molten morphology can be observed at the center of the cracks for fluences above the pit formation threshold. This indicates that local temperatures can be in excess of several thousand degrees C.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Adjuvant Immunotherapy to Improve Outcome in High-Risk Pediatric Sarcomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;OS and EFS for all patients enrolled and PFS according to histologic group&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 9β‐Hydroxytaxanes via Reduction with Samarium Diiodide. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhanced infrared detectors using resonant structures combined with thin type-II superlattice absorbers (2016)

We examined the spectral responsivity of a 1.77 μm thick type-II superlattice based long-wave infrared detector in combination with metallic nanoantennas. Coupling between the Fabry-Pérot cavity formed by the semiconductor layer and the resonant nanoantennas on its surface enables spectral selectivity, while also increasing peak quantum efficiency to over 50%. Electromagnetic simulations reveal that this high responsivity is a direct result of field-enhancement in the absorber layer, enabling significant absorption in spite of the absorber's subwavelength thickness. Notably, thinning of the absorbing material could ultimately yield lower photodetector noise through a reduction in dark current while improving photocarrier collection efficiency. The temperature- and incident-angle-independent spectral response observed in these devices allows for operation over a wide range of temperatures and optical systems. This detector paradigm demonstrates potential benefits to device performance with applications throughout the infrared.
Cramer-Rao lower bound and object reconstruction performance evaluation for intensity interferometry (2014)

This paper addresses the fundamental performance limits of object reconstruction methods using intensity interferometry measurements. It shows examples of reconstructed objects obtained with the FIIRE (Forward-model Interferometry Image Reconstruction Estimator) code developed by Boeing for AFRL. It considers various issues when calculating the multidimensional Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) when the Fisher information matrix (FIM) is singular. In particular, when comparing FIIRE performance, characterized as the root mean square difference between the estimated and pristine objects with the CRLB, we found that FIIRE performance improved as the singularity became worse, a result not expected. We found that for invertible FIM, FIIRE yielded lower root mean squared error than the square root of the CRLB (by a factor as large as 100). This may be due to various regularization constraints (positivity, support, sharpness, and smoothness) included in FIIRE, rendering it a biased estimator, as opposed to the unbiased CRLB framework used. Using the sieve technique to mitigate false high frequency content inherent in point-by-point object reconstruction methods, we also show further improved FIIRE performance on some generic objects. It is worth noting that since FIIRE is an iterative algorithm searching to arrive at an object estimate consistent with the collected data and various constraints, an initial object estimate is required. In our case, we used a completely random initial object guess consisting of a 2-D array of uniformly distributed random numbers, sometimes multiplied with a 2-D Gaussian function.
Supplementary Figure Legends from SIRT1 Pathway Dysregulation in the Smoke-Exposed Airway Epithelium and Lung Tumor Tissue (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 53K&lt;/p&gt;
Sinus graft with biogran, autogenous bone, and PRP: a report of three cases with histology and micro-CT. (2006)

Three sinuses were grafted with a bioactive glass bone substitute (Biogran) mixed with autogenous bone retrieved from intraoral donor sites. In two of the three sinuses a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel was added to the graft. Bone biopsies retrieved after 5, 6, and 15 months were analyzed. Micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) values of total bone volume/total volume (TBV/TV) were very reliable compared to histomorphometry. Biogran mixed with autogenous bone and PRP seems to have a positive effect in sinus grafting, with TBV/TV values ranging between 40% and 68%. Micro-CT results have never been compared with histomorphometry for the evaluation of grafted biomaterials. Micro-CT evaluation of some morphometric parameters was difficult, because the radiodensities of Biogran and a certain grade of bone mineralization were similar.
Automatic image annotation with weakly labeled dataset (2011)

It is very attractive to exploit weakly-labeled image dataset for multi-label annotation applications. In our paper the meaning of the terminology weakly labeled is threefold: i) only a small subset of the available images are labeled; ii) even for the labeled image, the given labels may be uncorrect or incomplete; iii) the given labels do not provide the exact object locations in the images. A novel method is developed to predict the multiple labels for images and to provide region-level labels for the objects. We cluster the image regions to learn several region-exemplars and predict the label vector for each image region as a locally weighted average of the label vectors on exemplars. By investigating the label confidence matrix for the region-exemplars from different perspectives (column picture and row picture), we sufficiently leverage the visual contexts, the semantic contexts, and the consistency between similarities in the visual feature space and semantic label space. Experimental results on real web images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
How to control fluorescent labeling of metal oxide nanoparticles for artefact-free live cell microscopy (2021)

Nanotechnologies hold great promise for various applications. To predict and guarantee the safety of novel nanomaterials, it is essential to understand their mechanism of action in an organism, causally connecting adverse outcomes with early molecular events. This is best investigated using noninvasive advanced optical methods, such as high-resolution live-cell fluorescence microscopy, which require stable labeling of nanoparticles with fluorescent dyes. However, as shown here, when the labeling is performed inadequately, unbound fluorescent dyes and inadvertently altered chemical and physical properties of the nanoparticles can result in experimental artefacts and erroneous conclusions. To prevent such unintentional errors, we introduce a tested minimal combination of experimental methods to enable artefact-free fluorescent labeling of metal-oxide nanoparticles-the largest subpopulation of nanoparticles by industrial production and applications-and demonstrate its application in the case of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes. We (1) characterize potential changes of the nanoparticles' surface charge and morphology that might occur during labeling by using zeta potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy, respectively, and (2) assess stable binding of the fluorescent dye to the nanoparticles with either fluorescence intensity measurements or fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, which ensures correct nanoparticle localization. Together, these steps warrant the reliability and reproducibility of advanced optical tracking, which is necessary to explore nanomaterials' mechanism of action and will foster widespread and safe use of new nanomaterials.
Tetravalent Metal Ion Guests in Polyoxopalladate Chemistry: Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of [MO8Pd12(PO4)8]12– (M = SnIV, PbIV) (2019)

The first two examples of polyoxopalladates(II) (POPs) containing tetravalent metal ion guests, [MO<sub>8</sub>Pd<sub>12</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>8</sub>]<sup>12-</sup> (M = Sn<sup>IV</sup>, Pb<sup>IV</sup>), have been prepared and structurally characterized in the solid state, solution, and gas phase. The interactions of the metal ion guests and the palladium-oxo shell were studied by theoretical calculations. The POPs were shown to possess anticancer activity by causing oxidative stress inducing caspase activation and consecutive apoptosis of leukemic cells.
Targeting Obesity and Diabetes to Treat Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (2017)

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major unmet medical need that is characterized by the presence of multiple cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidities. Foremost among these comorbidities are obesity and diabetes, which are not only risk factors for the development of HFpEF, but worsen symptoms and outcome. Coronary microvascular inflammation with endothelial dysfunction is a common denominator among HFpEF, obesity, and diabetes that likely explains at least in part the etiology of HFpEF and its synergistic relationship with obesity and diabetes. Thus, pharmacological strategies to supplement nitric oxide and subsequent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling may have therapeutic promise. Other potential approaches include exercise and lifestyle modifications, as well as targeting endothelial cell mineralocorticoid receptors, non-coding RNAs, sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors, and enhancers of natriuretic peptide protective NO-independent cGMP-initiated and alternative signaling, such as LCZ696 and phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitors. Additionally, understanding the role of adipokines in HFpEF may lead to new treatments. Identifying novel drug targets based on the shared underlying microvascular disease process may improve the quality of life and lifespan of those afflicted with both HFpEF and obesity or diabetes, or even prevent its occurrence.
Time-to-Contact in Scattering Media (2017)

In this paper we propose a method for estimating time-to-contact in scattering media. Images taken in scattering media are often unclear and blurry, making it difficult to detect appropriate geometric information from these images for computing the 3 dimensional properties of the scene. Therefore, instead of searching for geometric information, we attempt to use photometric information instead. In our approach, we use the observed image intensity. The method proposed in this paper is able to utilize the effect of scattering media on the resultant image and estimate the time-to-contact toward objects without any prior knowledge of the scene, cameras, and the scattering media. This method is then evaluated using simulated and real images.
Czochralski Growth of 12CaO·7Al2O3 Crystals (2006)

Single crystals of nanoporous 12CaO·7Al2O3 (C12A7) as large as 27 mm in diameter, 120 mm in length, and 207 g in weight have been successfully grown by the Czochralski method. We found that a 2.0% oxygen-containing nitrogen atmosphere and an iridium crucible are the critical factors for success. The crystal ingot exhibited an orange color resulting from the incorporation of Ir4+ ions of ca. 5 × 1017 cm-3, which presumably occupy Ca2+ sites. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the ingot obtatined was a single crystal with few domains.
Evidence for two organizational plans within the somatic sensory‐motor cortex of the rat (1979)

Abstract Previous electrophysiological mapping of somatic sensory (SI) and motor (MI) cortex in the rat has shown that these functional regions are completely overlapping in the hindlimb (HL) area. Partially separate in the forelimb area, and completel separate in the face area. The present studies were designed to show how the sensory and motor thalamic relay nuclei priject onto separate or overlapping subdivisions of SI and MI cortex. The experimental sequence involved physiological mapping of one subdivision of SI or MI cortex and then injecting horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a retrograde cell marker to back‐fill the thalamic neurons that project to the identified area of cortex. The central issue was to compare the projection of the lemniscal‐recipient ventrobasal nucleus (VB) and the cerebellar‐recipient ventrolateral nucleus (VL) to the hindlimb and face subdivision of SI and MI cortex. Various authors, however have divided the ventral nucleus differently using Nisslstained transverse sections through the thalamus. Therefore, tritiated amino acids were also injected into the deep cerebellar nuclei and the distribution of cerebellar fiber terminals in the ventral nucleus was used as another criterion to identify the border between VB and VL. Following HRP injections in physiologically identified HL cortex, labelled neurons were present in both VB an VL. Face area SI injections back‐filled cells in VB (but not VL), while face area MI injections back‐filled cells in VL (but not VB). Neurons in the intralminar nuclei and the posterior nuclear complex were labelled after all injections. These results demonstrate that SI and MI cortex in the rat shows a combiation of overlapping and separated plans of organization. Other species, in which both the anatomical an physiological information is available, show other organizational plans. In the Virginia opssum, for example, overlap is present in all subregions of SI and MI cortex. While the Rhesus monkey shows separation of these areas. The result suggest that different mammals have evolved different degrees of separation of SI and MI cortex. Our results predict that in every case where there is evidence of sensory and motor overlap, there will be anatomical convergence of VB and VL projections to htat single cortical area.
The role of SorLA in neurotrophic activity and complex behavior (2013)

SorLA binds amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the trans-Golgi network and protects it against proteolysis by both the alpha-and beta-secretases, preventing the generation of toxic amyloid-beta peptide. We have recently found that SorLA also affects neuronal function in a different manner by acting as sorting receptor for the neurotrophic factor GDNF and its receptors GFR1 and RET, directing them from the cell surface to endosomes. Through this mechanism, GDNF is targeted to lysosomes and degraded while GFR1 and RET recycles, creating an efficient GDNF clearance pathway. SorLA thereby influences a number of neuronal systems known to depend on GDNF activity including the dopaminergic system and the hippocampus. Accordingly, mice with altered SorLA expression exhibit altered reward and memory function, and a behavioral phenotype characterized by altered anxiety, hyperactivity, and response to psychostimulants.