gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opposite Behavior of Multilayer Graphene/ Indium-Tin-Oxide p-Electrode for Gallium Nitride Based-Light Emitting Diodes Depending on Thickness of Indium-Tin-Oxide Layer (2018)

In order to improve EQE, we have investigated on the role of multilayer graphene (MLG) on the electrical and optical properties of GaN based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with ultrathin ITO (5 nm or 10 nm)/p-GaN contacts. The MLG was transferred on the ITO/p-GaN to decrease sheet resistance of thin ITO p-electrode and improve the current spreading of LEDs. The LEDs with the ITO 5 nm and MLG/ITO 5 nm structures showed 3.25 and 3.06 V at 20 mA, and 11.69 and 13.02 mW/sr at 400 mA, respectively. After forming MLG on ITO 5 nm, the electro-optical properties were enhanced. Furthermore, the GaN based-LEDs applied to the ITO 10 nm, and MLG/ITO (10 nm) structures showed 2.95 and 3.06 V at 20 mA, and 20.28 and 16.74 mW/sr at 400 mA, respectively. The sheet resistance of the MLG transferred to ITO 5 nm was decreased approximately four fold compared to ITO 5 nm. On the other hand, the ITO 10 nm and MLG/ITO 10 nm showed a similar sheet resistance; the transmittance of the LEDs with ITO 10 nm decreased to 16% due to MLG formation on ITO. This suggests that the relationship between the sheet resistance and transmittance according to the ITO film thickness affected the electro-optical properties of the LEDs with a transparent p-electrode with the MLG/ITO dual structure.
Optimization-enabled electromagnetic transient simulation (2005)

Electromagnetic transient simulation programs (EMTP-type programs) are powerful tools for the study of a wide range of power system transient problems. This paper introduces a novel tool in which an emtp-type program becomes the objective function evaluator for a nonlinear optimization algorithm. In this approach, the nonlinear optimization program is given control to perform several consecutive runs with a view to minimize (or maximize) the desired objective function, which is computed from the results of each simulation run. Since the optimization algorithm strategically selects the parameters for the emtp run, the overall design process is orders of magnitude faster than that possible from sequential or random (Monte-Carlo-type) multiple-runs of the EMTP-type program. The paper discusses the mechanics of the interface as well as design of objective functions. The power of the proposed method is demonstrated through two examples for the design of power-electronic converters.
Modeling acoustic resonance in high-pressure discharge lamp arc chambers (2001)

A numerical method was developed for modeling acoustic standing waves emerging in high-pressure discharge lamps. The applied model takes the inhomogeneous distribution of propagation velocity into account, which is caused by the temperature profile. Arc physics was not considered. Software was implemented based on the finite element method. In addition to the sole computation of waves in some practical arrangements, also the validity of the applied model was investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Organic Framework Materials for Light‐Harvesting and Energy Transfer (2015)

Abstract Review: 74 refs.
Deep learning-based photoreal avatars for online virtual worlds in iOS (2018)

A deep learning-based technology for generating photo-realistic 3D avatars with dynamic facial textures from a single input image is presented. Real-time performance-driven animations and renderings are demonstrated on an iPhone X and we show how these avatars can be integrated into compelling virtual worlds and used for 3D chats.
AQP4 Aggregation State Is a Determinant for Glioma Cell Fate (2019)

The glial water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) forms heterotetramers in the plasma membrane made of the M23-AQP4 and M1-AQP4 isoforms. The isoform ratio controls AQP4 aggregation into supramolecular structures called orthogonal arrays of particles (AQP4-OAP). The role of AQP4 aggregation into OAP in malignant gliomas is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that AQP4 aggregation/disaggregation into OAP influences the biology of glioma cells. Selective expression of the OAP-forming isoform M23-AQP4 (AQP4-OAP) triggered cell shape changes in glioma cells associated with alterations to the F-actin cytoskeleton that affected apoptosis. By contrast, expression of M1-AQP4 (AQP4-tetramers), which is unable to aggregate into OAP, ameliorated glioma cell invasiveness, improved cell migration, and increased methalloproteinase-9 activity. Two prolines (254 and 296) at the C-terminus tail were shown to be important in mediating the relationship between the actin cytoskeleton and AQP4-OAP and AQP4-tetramers. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that AQP4 aggregation state might be an important determinant in orienting glioma cells to persist or perish. AQP4 disaggregation may potentiate invasiveness potential, whereas AQP4 aggregation may activate the apoptotic path. This study shows a new perspective on the role of AQP4 in brain tumors not necessarily associated with edema formation but with AQP4 aggregation/disaggregation dynamics and their link with the actin cytoskeleton. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates how AQP4 aggregation influences plasma membrane dynamics to alter cell proliferation, invasiveness, migration, and apoptotic potential in glioma cells.
Cataract Extraction Rates Among Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Singapore (2001)

The rate of cataract extraction in Singapore is consistent with rates seen in developed countries in the West. Racial variation in rates suggests varying predisposition to cataract development and/or threshold for cataract surgery between Chinese, Malay, and Indian populations in Singapore.
Detection of SARS Coronavirus in Plasma by Real-Time RT-PCR (2003)

To the Editor: The identification and sequencing of a novel coronavirus1 associated with the recently described severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)2 have permitted the development of antibody-...
Digitizing North Indian Performance (2004)

This paper discusses an evolution in North Indian instruments in the designing of technology to capture gestures from a performing artist. Modified traditional instruments use sensor technology and microcontrollers to digitize gestures, enabling a computer to analyze performance to synthesize sound and visual meaning. Specifically, systems were built to capture data from three traditional North Indian instruments: the tabla (a pair of tonal hand drums), the dholak (a barrel shaped folk drum played by two people), and the sitar (a 19-stringed, gourd-shelled instrument). This paper will discuss how these instruments are modified to capture gestural movement, how these signals are mapped to sounds and graphical feedback, and show examples of the new instruments being used in live performance. The hardware is built to try and preserve the techniques passed down from generations of tradition; however, modified performance techniques with the aid of a laptop are also introduced. 1
GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN CANCER IMAGING AND THERAPEUTICS (2010)

The use of nanomedicine in the war on cancer diseases has progressed significantly in the recent past. Liposomal- and albumin-based chemotherapeutic agents as well as tumor contrast agents (e.g. Gd-DTPA, ferumoxides) have received FDA approval for human clinical use, while many other agents are in different phases of pre-clinical investigation and clinical trials. Plasmonic gold nanoparticles hold great promise as potential theranostic devices for detection and ablation of cancer diseases. This review discusses recent progress in the imaging, photothermal therapy, and nucleic acid/drug delivery using gold nanoparticles (spheres, shells, rods, cages) in vitro and in vivo. Issues relating to toxicity, biocompatibility, biodistribution, cellular uptake, and targeting efficiency are also discussed.
Development of a Versatile Method to Construct Direct Electron Transfer-Type Enzyme Complexes Employing SpyCatcher/SpyTag System (2023)

The electrochemical enzyme sensors based on direct electron transfer (DET)-type oxidoreductase-based enzymes are ideal for continuous and in vivo monitoring. However, the number and types of DET-type oxidoreductases are limited. The aim of this research is the development of a versatile method to create a DET-type oxidoreductase complex based on the SpyCatcher/SpyTag technique by preparing SpyCatcher-fused heme c and SpyTag-fused non-DET-type oxidoreductases, and by the in vitro formation of DET-type oxidoreductase complexes. A heme c containing an electron transfer protein derived from Rhizobium radiobacter (CYTc) was selected to prepare SpyCatcher-fused heme c. Three non-DET-type oxidoreductases were selected as candidates for the SpyTag-fused enzyme: fungi-derived flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), an engineered FAD-dependent d-amino acid oxidase (DAAOx), and an engineered FMN-dependent l-lactate oxidase (LOx). CYTc-SpyCatcher (CYTc-SC) and SpyTag-Enzymes (ST-GDH, ST-DAAOx, ST-LOx) were prepared as soluble molecules while maintaining their redox properties and catalytic activities, respectively. CYTc-SC/ST-Enzyme complexes were formed by mixing CYTc-SpyCatcher and SpyTag-Enzymes, and the complexes retained their original enzymatic activity. Remarkably, the heme domain served as an electron acceptor from complexed enzymes by intramolecular electron transfer; consequently, all constructed CYTc-SC/ST-Enzyme complexes showed DET ability to the electrode, demonstrating the versatility of this method.
A 3-pin 1.5 V 550 mW 176 x 144 self-clocked CMOS active pixel image sensor (2001)

Article Share on A 3-pin 1.5 V 550 mW 176 x 144 self-clocked CMOS active pixel image sensor Authors: Kwang-Bo Cho Photobit Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA Photobit Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CAView Profile , Alexander Krymski Photobit Technology Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA Photobit Technology Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CAView Profile , Eric Fossum Photobit Technology Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA Photobit Technology Corporation, 135 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 2001 Pages 316–321https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383176Published:06 August 2001Publication History 0citation408DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads408Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A first-in-human phase 1 study of a novel PARP7 inhibitor RBN-2397 in patients with advanced solid tumors. (2021)

3000 Background: Targeting cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathways and the Type I interferon (IFN) response is an emerging therapeutic strategy in oncology. PARP7 is a member of the monoPARP class of enzymes and a newly identified negative regulator of nucleic acid sensing in tumor cells. PARP7 expression is increased by cellular stress and aromatic hydrocarbons, and the PARP7 gene is amplified in multiple cancers. RBN-2397 is a potent, selective inhibitor of PARP7. In preclinical models, RBN-2397 restored Type I IFN signaling in tumors, caused complete tumor regressions, and induced adaptive immunity. Methods: Patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors were treated with RBN-2397 on either a continuous or 14-of-21-day intermittent schedule using a 3+3 dose escalation design. Primary objective: establish MTD and/or RP2D. Secondary obj.: safety, activity, PK of unmicronized/micronized tablets. Exploratory obj.: Pd. Results: As of 4 January 2021, 47 pts were treated: 25 pts in the intermittent schedule (25 to 500 mg BID) and 22 patients in the continuous schedule (100 to 400 mg BID). The most frequent RBN-2397-related AEs (all grades) were dysgeusia (26%), decreased appetite (13%), fatigue (11%), and diarrhea (11%). Gr 3/4 RBN-2397-related AEs all occurred in 7 pts (15%) at doses ≥ 200 mg: diarrhea (2 pts, 4%), increased ALT, AST, and bilirubin (1 pt, 2%), and fatigue, anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia in 1 pt (2%) each. The 2 DLTs were Gr 3 febrile neutropenia (400 mg continuous schedule) and Gr 4 increase in ALT/AST (500 mg intermittent schedule). Plasma exposures generally increased dose dependently with the majority at or above the projected efficacious range based on animal studies. All evaluable baseline tumor biopsies showed evidence of PARP7 expression as measured by mRNA in situ hybridization (n = 11; Median tumor H score: 128). In 5 evaluable tumor biopsy pairs, increases in interferon-stimulated gene expression were observed post RBN-2397, consistent with activation of Type I IFN. CXCL10 mRNA increased in all evaluable on-treatment biopsies (1.5 to 8-fold). Several on-treatment biopsies showed enrichment for immune response gene sets that was accompanied by an increase in CD8+ T cells and Granzyme B expression, evidence for induction of an adaptive immune response post RBN-2397. This increase in immune response related genes and CD8+ T cells was observed in a pt with metastatic squamous NSCLC who has been on study for 16+ months. 1 pt with HR+, HER2- breast cancer achieved a confirmed PR at 100 mg and 8 pts had SD for ≥18 weeks (RECIST 1.1). Conclusions: To date, RBN-2397 is well tolerated and demonstrates dose dependent increases in plasma exposures, evidence of target inhibition, and preliminary signs of clinical activity. Determination of MTD/RP2D is imminent and study expansion is planned to evaluate safety and efficacy in squamous NSCLC, HNSCC, HR+ breast cancer, and PARP7 amplified tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT04053673.
Fabrication and Testing for Solar Detoxification Project (1997)

Abstract : A demonstration of a solar detoxification system was conducted for the U.S. Army Environmental Center (USAEC) at Science Applications International Corporation's (SAIC's) test site near Golden, Colorado, in June 1997. The purpose of this demonstration test was to evaluate the use of solar energy for thermally detoxifying organic compounds representative of soil contamination found at U.S. Army sites. The demonstration test was carried out under the third of three tasks conducted under contract by SAIC. Under Tasks I and II, the conceptual and detailed design of a pilot-scale system was completed. Under Task III, fabrication and testing of the system were accomplished. This document presents the results obtained during the Task III demonstration test. The purpose of this demonstration test was to evaluate the use of solar energy to thermally detoxify organic compounds removed from contaminated media by ex situ (such as thermal desorption) or in situ (such as soil vapor extraction) treatment systems, or desorbed from pretreatment matrices (such as activated carbon). Extraction systems are commercially available so the step of directly extracting organic from contaminated soil was excluded from the pilot-scale demonstration. Rather, the pilot-scale demonstration test focused on evaluating ultraviolet (UV)-rich solar destruction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) by a solar incinerator and the environmental control of the resulting off gases.
Architecture-Level Energy Estimation for Heterogeneous Computing Systems (2021)

Due to the data and computation intensive nature of many popular data processing applications, e.g., deep neural networks (DNNs), a variety of accelerators have been proposed to improve performance and energy efficiency. As a result, computing systems have become increasingly heterogeneous, with application-specific processing offloaded from the CPU to specialized accelerators. To understand the energy efficiency of such systems, it is desirable to characterize holistically the energy consumption of the CPU, the accelerator, and the data transfers in between. We present a modularized architecture-level energy estimation framework that captures the energy breakdown across the various CPU and accelerator components with a unified energy estimation back-end that allows easy integration of accelerator modeling frameworks for emerging designs. Using DNN workloads as examples, we show that CPU-end preprocessing and data transfers to and from the accelerator can account for up to 45-50% of total energy when assessing the system as a whole. Related open-source code is available at https://accelergy.mit.edu.
<title>Object-based approach to image-based rendering with linear filters using defocus information</title> (2003)

In this paper, we present a novel approach to image-based rendering (IBR) for generating an arbitrary view image with arbitrary focus of a scene with two approximately constant depths. The presented method differs from the conventional IBRs using multiple view images in that we acquire two differently focused images at each camera position and render parallax and focus effects on each object simply by linear filtering of the acquired images without segmentation. Experimental results on the real images acquired with 4 cameras located in parallel are presented.
Surface Modification of Erythrocytes with Lipid Anchors: Structure–Activity Relationship for Optimal Membrane Incorporation, in vivo Retention, and Immunocompatibility (2022)

Red blood cells (RBCs) are natural carriers for sustained drug delivery, imaging, and in vivo sensing. One of the popular approaches to functionalize RBCs is through lipophilic anchors, but the structural requirements for anchor stability and in vivo longevity remain to be investigated. Using fluorescent lipids with the same cyanine 3 (Cy3) headgroup but different lipid chain and linker, the labeling efficiency of RBCs and in vivo stability are investigated. Short-chain derivatives exhibited better insertion efficiency, and mouse RBCs are better labeled than human RBCs. Short-chain derivatives demonstrate low retention in vivo. Derivatives with ester bonds are especially unstable, due to removal and degradation. On the other hand, long-chain, covalently linked derivatives show remarkably long retention and stability (over 80 days half life in the membrane). The clearance organs are liver and spleen with evidence of lipid transfer to the liver sinusoidal endothelium. Notably, RBCs modified with PEGylated lipid show decreased macrophage uptake. Some of the derivatives promote binding of antibodies in human plasma and mouse sera and modest increase in complement deposition and hemolysis, but these do not correlate with in vivo stability of RBCs. Ultra-stable anchors can enable functionalization of RBCs for drug delivery, imaging, and sensing.
Suppression of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity by resveratrol derivatives (2012)

As demonstrated previously, resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key rate limiting enzyme in mammalian polyamine synthesis. Using human bladder epithelial carcinoma HTB-24 cells in culture where resveratrol inhibits induction with an IC50 of 8.8 µM, we now report potential metabolites demonstrate greater activity [tetrabutylammonium (E)-4-(3,5-dihydroxystyryl)phenyl sulfate (IC50 1.2 µM), resveratrol tripotassium 3,5,4'-trisulfate (IC50 1.8 µM), resveratrol tripotassium 3,4'-disulfate (IC50 1.8 µM), and resveratrol tripotassium 3,5-disulfate (IC50 2.3 µM)]. Based on RT-PCR studies, ODC inhibition occurs at the transcriptional level, but this was not due to direct inhibition of protein kinase C (e.g., resveratrol IC50, 79 µM; resveratrol tripotassium 3,5-disulfate IC50, 49 µM). Additional work is underway to more fully investigate this potentially important observation. [This work was supported by program project P01 CA48112 awarded by the National Cancer Institute. SL acknowledges Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF), New Delhi for a Research Fellowship].
Distribution and Expression of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 Gene Among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates of Toxic Shock Syndrome and Non-Toxic Shock Syndrome Origin (1989)

Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of TSS. TSST-1 production is subject to physiologic and environmental constraints. Thus, DNA probes that detect the chromosomal gene encoding the toxin are of value diagnostically, epidemiologically, and for studies of gene expression. Several synthetic oligonucleotide probes complementary to two regions of the TSST-1 gene were used to ascertain the presence of this gene in the chromosomal DNA of 261 strains of S. aureus from various TSS-related and non-TSS-related sources. Isolates were from clinically confirmed menstrual and nonmenstrual cases of TSS and from healthy vaginal carriers of S. aureus. Other strains tested included clinical non-TSS isolates and food poisoning-associated staphylococcal isolates. Detection of the TSST-1 gene by the labeled gene probes correlated in all but two cases with production of TSST-1. Ten Centers for Disease Control (CDC) strains that were isolated from TSS patients and did not produce TSST-1 were also examined, as were several strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients with suspected TSS. Neither group of strains possessed the TSST-1 gene. Finally, a 7-kilobase DNA restriction fragment of S. aureus containing the entire TSST-1 gene was transformed into Escherichia coli strains HB101 and DH5 alpha via a plasmid vector.
New Approach to Writing and Simultaneous Reading of Micropatterns:  Combining Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging with Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) (2004)

This work establishes the compatibility of surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPR-i) with the visualization of localized electropolymerization. The "writing" of polypyrrole and polypyrrole-oligonucleotide patterns onto thin gold films is demonstrated using scanning electrochemical microcopy (SECM), while an optical method, SPR-i, simultaneously detected the formed micropatterns. The combination of these two methods, SECM/SPR-i, has the advantage of not only controlling the patterning process but also providing unique information on the micropattern formation. The influence of the pulsing time and the monomer concentration on the spot size and its characteristics has been investigated in detail using SPR-i. Fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy have also been used to support the data obtained by SPR-i.
Structure and function of the proline-rich region of myelin basic protein (1985)

Myelin basic protein (MBP)--the major extrinsic membrane protein of central nervous system myelin--from several species contains a rarely encountered highly conserved triproline segment as residues 99-101 of its 170-residue sequence. Cis peptide bonds are known to arise at X-Pro junctions in proteins and may be of functional significance in protein folding, chain reversal, and/or maintenance of tertiary structure. We have examined the conformation of this proline-rich region using principally 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (125 MHz) both in intact bovine MBP and in several MBP fragment peptides which we synthesized, including octapeptide 97-104 (Arg-Thr-Pro-Pro-Pro-Ser-Gln-Gly). Results suggested an all-trans conformation in aqueous solution for the triproline segment in MBP hexapeptide (99-104), heptapeptide (98-104), and octapeptide. Comparison with the 13C spectrum of intact MBP (125 MHz) suggested that the proline-rich region, as well as all other X-Pro MBP peptide junctures, was also essentially all trans in aqueous solution. Although experiments in which octapeptide 97-104 was bound to a lipid preparation (4:1 dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/dimyristoylphosphatidic acid) demonstrated that cis-proline bonds do arise (to the extent of ca. 5%) in the membrane environment, a role of linear chain propagation is suggested for the triproline segment of myelin basic protein.