gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 126: Improving Post-Operative Monitoring of Autologous Breast Reconstruction: A Novel, Oxygen-Sensing Liquid Bandage First-in-Human Trial (2018)

PURPOSE: Autologous free flaps may be used to reconstruct defects arising in a variety of contexts, including trauma and cancer. With improving microsurgical techniques flap failure rates are decreasing; however, this devastating complication may still occur in up to 5% of cases. In this study, we present results of a first in-human trial of a new, non-invasive, optical oxygen-sensing liquid bandage (OSLB) formulation in post-operative monitoring of tissue perfusion. METHODS: Four women undergoing mastectomy and deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap reconstruction were prospectively enrolled from February-June 2017. In addition to standard post-operative monitoring with near-infrared spectroscopy tissue oximetry (ViOptix), the OSLB was painted on the flap skin paddle. The formulation consists of New-Skin™ liquid bandage, incorporating an oxygen-sensing metallo-porphyrin exhibiting bright red phosphorescence and the green-fluorescing reference dye: fluorescein. Using a custom-modified camera with red and green filters, we captured phosphorescence and fluorescence, respectively, at regular time periods for 48 hours post-operatively. The relative phosphorescence intensity was calculated. RESULTS: Three Caucasian and one African American woman took part. Two cases were bilateral, producing a total of six breasts. When comparing the OSLB red/green ratio with the ViOptix, an inverse correlation was observed, as expected. Notably, this persisted for an African American patient with Fitzpatrick Type V skin. No complications or flap losses occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The success of attempted flap salvage is highly reliant on early identification of flap compromise and prompt re-exploration. Results show that OSLB phosphorescence intensity correlates well with the stO2 values provided by our current gold standard of care, the ViOptix. The OSLB proved easy to apply and remove, was well-tolerated, and enabled visualization of flap skin due to its intrinsic transparency. Moreover, we demonstrated successful use of the OSLB in a patient with Fitzpatrick type V skin. This oxygen-sensing liquid bandage offers reproducible, accurate detection of tissue oxygenation. Further research is needed to validate this technology on a larger scale. A. Bucknor: None. P. Kamali: None. H. Marks: None. E. Roussakis: None. N.H. Nowell: None. C.L. Evans: None. S.J. Lin: None.
JQ1, a Selective Bromodomain Inhibitor, Augment the Immunogenicity of Mantle Cell Lymphoma By Influencing the Expression of PD-L1 (2015)

Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma and represents 4% to 8% of NHL. New therapeutic strategies are under development to improve the clinical outcome of patients with this disease. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of BRD/acetyl-lysine binding in orchestrating molecular interactions in chromatin biology and regulating gene transcription. The Bromodomain (BRD) is a diverse family of evolutionary conserved protein-interaction modules, which recognizes acetylated lysine residues such as those on the N-terminal tails of histones. We have recently determined the functional consequences of inhibiting Bromodomains in MCL. First, we evaluated the effects of JQ1, a selective small-molecule bromodomain inhibitor upon MCL's immunogenicity and antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. In vitro treatment of MCL cells with increasing concentrations of JQ1 resulted in a decreased expression of the tolerogenic molecule PD-L1 as compared to control cells. Second, we evaluated the capabilities of JQ1-treated MCL cells to present cognate antigen to naïve or anergic antigen-specific CD4+ T-cells. We found that treatment of MCL cells with JQ1 enhances their antigen-presenting capabilities leading to effective priming of naïve CD4+ T-cells and restoring the responsiveness of tolerant T-cells as determined by their increased production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in response to cognate antigen. More importantly, in vivo studies clearly demonstrated a strong anti-tumor effect in JQ1-treated MCL tumor bearing mice. Mechanistically, we found a decreased STAT3 phosphorylation and c-Myc expression in JQ1-treated MCL cells, which in turn might be responsible for the diminished expression of PDL1 and augmentation of MCL's immunogenicity. Taken together, we have found that MCL cells treated with the Bromodomain specific inhibitor JQ1 are more inflammatory, display lower expression of the immunosuppressive molecule PDL1 and, are capable of restoring the responsiveness of tolerant T-cells. More importantly, JQ1 treatment in vivo inhibits tumor growth in MCL tumor bearing animals. Our studies therefore have unveiled a previously unknown immunological effect of BRD inhibitors and have identified a novel immunotherapeutic approach in MCL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Letter to the Editor: CD8+ T cells as a source for transfer factor in understanding the immunology of leprosy and HIV (2017)

Reader discussion on JLB content.
A low phase noise VCO in eWLB package (2012)

A chip-package co-design for a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) designed in a 200-GHz SiGe:C technology is presented. The VCO is frequency-adjustable using a package defined inductor. An overall bandwidth of 21% supports the frequency bands for three different radar applications with a single silicon device. The VCO is accompanied by a buffer, a down-converter mixer (D-Cm) as well as a prescaler. The VCO is assembled in an embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) package with its inductor in the packages fan-in area. It obtains a center frequency as high as 18GHz and achieves phase noise (PN) values of -92 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency and an overall bandwidth of 21.7%.
Ultra-high speed (270 GHz) near-ballistic uni-traveling-carrier photodiode with very-high saturation current (17 mA) under a 50 &#x2126; load (2011)

By scaling down the collector layer thickness and active area of near-ballistic uni-traveling carrier photodiodes, we achieve a wide optical-to-electrical bandwidth (270 GHz) with a high saturation current (17mA) under a 50 Ω load and -2V bias.
Dielectric-breakdown and conduction-mechanism in a thinned alkali-free glass (2014)

The leakage current in alkali-free glass was analyzed to understand the dielectric breakdown behavior and the potential conduction mechanism. The dielectric breakdown strength and the leakage current were increased after the thickness of the glass had been recuded. To identify the predominant conduction mechanism, we carefully interpreted the dc voltage-current curves via fitting with various conduction mechanisms, e.g.) Poole-Frenkel emission, Schottky emission, space-charge-limited current, and hopping conduction. The result suggested that the space-charge-limited current and the hopping conduction of thermally-excited carriers were the most likely mechanisms of conduction in alkali-free glass.
Interactions between hypothalamic and peripheral hormones in the control of prolactin secretion. (1980)

The absence of nerve terminals in the anterior pituitary gland offers the possibility of studying a pure population of dopamine (DA) receptors. This study is facilitated by the use of anterior pituitary cells in primary culture, which permit the measurement of a precise parameter under typical dopaminergic control, namely prolactin secretion. On the other hand, since DA is the main hypothalamic factor controlling prolactin secretion, in vivo changes of plasma prolactin levels can be used as an index of DA release from the hypothalamus. Treatment with estrogens not only stimulates basal prolactin secretion but also can reverse the inhibitory effect of DA on prolactin secretion in vivo and in vitro. As assessed by the increased plasma prolactin levels following administration of a maximal dose of the DA antagonist thioproperazine, estrogens increase DA release from the hypothalamus. Progesterone, although inactive alone, can reverse the effect of estrogens on prolactin secretion both in vivo and in vitro. Under the same experimental conditions, dihydrotestosterone exerts inhibitory effects on spontaneous prolactin secretion and can reverse the stimulatory effects of estrogens.
Finite Element Analysis of Pulsatile Flow in the Abdominal Aorta Under Resting and Exercise Conditions (1996)

Abstract It is hypothesized that the beneficial effect of exercise in retarding the progression of cardiovascular disease is due, at least in part, to the elimination of adverse hemodynamic conditions including high particle residence time and low wall shear stress [1]. In-vitro and in-vivo investigations have provided limited qualitative information on flow patterns in the abdominal aorta and the effect of exercise on eliminating adverse hemodynamic conditions [2]. A computer model of a normal human abdominal aorta was created to simulate aortic blood flow under rest and graded exercise, pulsatile, flow conditions. Flow patterns, wall shear stress and particle residence time were computed in the lesion-prone infrarenal aorta and the effect of exercise determined.
Semiconductor Processes and Plasma Surface Reactions (2002)

Plasma surface reactions important in the processes of semiconductor fabrication are reviewed. Plasma etching mechanisms are discussed from the relationship between the etching characteristics and the plasma diagnostics results. Oxide etching using a novel chemistry is also presented, which indicates the importance of the electron collision cross section measurement for various feedstock gases employed in plasma processing.
AttEntropy: On the Generalization Ability of Supervised Semantic Segmentation Transformers to New Objects in New Domains (2022)

In addition to impressive performance, vision transformers have demonstrated remarkable abilities to encode information they were not trained to extract. For example, this information can be used to perform segmentation or single-view depth estimation even though the networks were only trained for image recognition. We show that a similar phenomenon occurs when explicitly training transformers for semantic segmentation in a supervised manner for a set of categories: Once trained, they provide valuable information even about categories absent from the training set. This information can be used to segment objects from these never-seen-before classes in domains as varied as road obstacles, aircraft parked at a terminal, lunar rocks, and maritime hazards.
Stochastic Resonance (2005)

Abstract Noise is usually considered a nuisance or a laboratory curiosity, better avoided, in most practical applications. However, certain nonlinear dynamic systems in nature (the most ubiquitous of these being, of course, the central nervous system) appear to utilize the background noise as an aid to the analysis of low‐intensity signals embedded in the noise floor. A phenomenon known as stochastic resonance (SR) has been studied in the context of this amplification of weak signals in a noise background; the effect is only one of a plethora of diversified behavior that is displayed by nonlinear dynamic systems in the presence of noise, and can actually lead to an energy transfer from the noise floor to the signal feature (in the response), under the appropriate operating conditions.
Charité lumbar artificial disc retrieval: use of a lateral minimally invasive technique (2006)

Indications for total disc replacement (TDR) may include implant loosening, malposition, displacement, early wear, and infection. Each indication is likely to require different preoperative planning, testing, and strategies. Preoperative planning is the first and most important step in performing a TDR revision. An organized approach reduces operative time, minimizes risks, decreases stress, and increases the success rate. Primary revision of a failed total disc arthroplasty can be planned as a posterior fusion, leaving the TDR device in place, but an unstable anterior column may require retrieval and revision of the interbody device. An anterior revision approach is associated with significant risk due to scarring and adhesions resulting from the primary procedure, making mobilization of the vessels very difficult, especially at the L4-5 bifurcation. The authors describe a new alternative for retrieval and revision of a TDR device. They present the details of two cases of TDR device revision in which they performed a minimally invasive extreme-lateral interbody fusion to effect a safer access route that avoids vascular structures and the creation of scar tissue.
Detection of wine grape nutrient levels using visible and near infrared 1nm spectral resolution remote sensing (2016)

The grape industry relies on regular crop assessment to aid in the day-to-day and seasonal management of their crop. More specifically, there are six key nutrients of interest to viticulturists in the growing of wine grapes, namely nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, zinc and boron. Traditional methods of determining the levels of these nutrients are through collection and chemical analysis of petiole samples from the grape vines themselves. We collected ground-level observations of the spectra of the grape vines, using a hyperspectral spectrometer (0.4&ndash;2.5um), at the same time that petioles samples were harvested. We then interpolated the data into a consistent 1 nm spectral resolution before comparing it to the nutrient data collected. This nutrient data came from both the industry standard petiole analysis, as well as an additional leaf-level analysis. The data were collected for two different grape cultivars, both during bloom and veraison periods to provide variability, while also considering the impact of temporal/seasonal change. A narrow-band NDI (Normalized Difference Index) approach, as well as a simple ratio index, was used to determine the correlation of the reflectance data to the nutrient data. This analysis was limited to the silicon photodiode range to increase the utility of our approach for wavelength-specific cameras (via spectral filters) in a low cost drone platform. The NDI generated correlation coefficients were as high as 0.80 and 0.88 for bloom and veraison, respectively. The ratio index produced correlation coefficient results that are the same at two decimal places with 0.80 and 0.88. These results bode well for eventual non-destructive, accurate and precise assessment of vineyard nutrient status.
Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel generative model named Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (SGAN), which is trained to invert the hierarchical representations of a bottom-up discriminative network. Our model consists of a top-down stack of GANs, each learned to generate lower-level representations conditioned on higher-level representations. A representation discriminator is introduced at each feature hierarchy to encourage the representation manifold of the generator to align with that of the bottom-up discriminative network, leveraging the powerful discriminative representations to guide the generative model. In addition, we introduce a conditional loss that encourages the use of conditional information from the layer above, and a novel entropy loss that maximizes a variational lower bound on the conditional entropy of generator outputs. We first train each stack independently, and then train the whole model end-to-end. Unlike the original GAN that uses a single noise vector to represent all the variations, our SGAN decomposes variations into multiple levels and gradually resolves uncertainties in the top-down generative process. Based on visual inspection, Inception scores and visual Turing test, we demonstrate that SGAN is able to generate images of much higher quality than GANs without stacking.
Apparatus and method for intrachannel defouling of a heat exchanger using induction heaters (2023)

An apparatus comprising a heat exchanger and one or more induction heating elements is disclosed. The heat exchanger comprises a coolant side conduit and a process side conduit, the process side conduit being susceptible to fouling by at least partial desublimation, condensation, crystallization, deposition, or combinations thereof of a fouling component of a circulating process fluid. An electrically conductive first metal is disposed adjacent to the process side conduit. The one or more induction heating elements are disposed proximate to the heat exchanger. The one or more induction heating elements are connected to a source of electrical current. When the electrical current flows through the induction heating elements, eddy currents are induced in the first metal, heating the first metal such that the fouling component sublimates, melts, absorbs, or a combination thereof into the circulating process fluid.
IDN 5390: an oral taxane candidate for protracted treatment schedules (2003)

The recognition of the antiangiogenic properties of taxanes provides a basis for novel therapeutic approaches. A prolonged exposure to low drug concentrations has been proposed to be the most suitable approach to exploit the antiangiogenic potential of cytotoxic agents. Such schedule is required to target preferentially slowly dividing endothelial cells. The protracted use of taxanes could benefit from the availability of a taxane endowed with a favourable tolerability profile. Among compounds of a novel series of C-seco taxanes, IDN 5390 was originally selected on the basis of its potent antimotility activity and poor cytotoxicity on endothelial cells. The aim of the study was to investigate the preclinical pharmacologic profile of IDN 5390 in a variety of human tumour xenografts, including ovarian and colon carcinoma and a glioblastoma. IDN 5390, delivered by s.c. injection, daily for 5 days per week, exhibited a high activity against all tumours investigated (tumour growth inhibition was always >85%) in the range of well-tolerated doses. The maximum tolerated dose/injection (MTD), with no signs of systemic or local vesicant toxicity, was 120 mg kg(-1). In contrast, paclitaxel, delivered according to the same schedule, exhibited a variable antitumour efficacy associated with a substantial local toxicity (MTD=10 mg kg(-1)). Considering the remarkable efficacy of IDN 5390 delivered s.c. by protracted treatment schedule, the oral route of administration was further investigated, as the most suitable for daily treatment. Indeed, a good bioavailability of oral IDN 5390 was found. Oral IDN 5390 maintained a substantial efficacy against human tumour xenografts, including paclitaxel-resistant tumours, without loss of potency with respect to s.c. administration. In conclusion, the therapeutic advantages of IDN 5390, over paclitaxel, in protracted daily treatment schedules are represented by the oral efficacy and the high tolerability, which are favourable features to exploit the antiangiogenic potential and to design combinations with other effective agents.
Removing numerical dispersion artifacts from reverse time migration and full-waveform inversion (2017)

Coarse wavefield modeling enables low-cost seismic imaging, but numerical dispersion artifacts may degrade the accuracy of the resulting image. Accurate spatial modeling operators may be chosen to lessen spatial numerical dispersion artifacts. We derive a simple post-simulation filter for the common second-order accurate finite-difference operator that removes temporal numerical dispersion artifacts as a function of time step and frequency only, independent of the propagation path. We show that combining an accurate spatial operator and the derived filter allow for a low-cost, dispersion-free, reverse time migration and full-waveform inversion. The proposed methods are simple to integrate into existing work-flows. We demonstrate the process on synthetic data. Presentation Date: Thursday, September 28, 2017 Start Time: 11:25 AM Location: 381A Presentation Type: ORAL
Improving the Sensitivity of Fluorescence‐Based Immunoassays by Photobleaching the Autofluorescence of Magnetic Beads (2018)

In fluorescence-based assays, usually a target molecule is captured using a probe conjugated to a capture surface, and then detected using a second fluorescently labeled probe. One of the most common capture surfaces is a magnetic bead. However, magnetic beads exhibit strong autofluorescence, which often overlaps with the emission of the reporter fluorescent dyes and limits the analytical performance of the assay. Here, several widely used magnetic beads are photobleached and their autofluorescence is reduced to 1% of the initial value. Their autofluorescence properties, including their photobleaching decay rates and autofluorescence spectra pre- and post-photobleaching, and the stability of the photobleaching over a period of two months are analyzed. The photobleached beads are stable over time and their surface functionality is retained. In a high-sensitivity LX-200 system using photobleached magnetic beads, human interleukin-8 is detected with a threefold improvement in detection limit and signal-to-noise ratio over results achievable with nonbleached beads. Since many contemporary immunoassays rely on magnetic beads as capture surfaces, prebleaching the beads may significantly improve the analytical performance of these assays. Moreover, nonmagnetic beads with low autofluorescence are also successfully photobleached, suggesting that photobleaching can be applied to various capture surfaces used in fluorescence-based assays.
Rate of Entry in Emulsion Polymerization: Free-Radical Entry Controlled by Aqueous Phase Growth (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRate of Entry in Emulsion Polymerization: Free-Radical Entry Controlled by Aqueous Phase GrowthJ. U. Kim and Hong H. LeeCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 12, 3337–3340Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00090a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00090a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts