gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3.2Gbps multi-channel optical backplane bus demonstrator using photopolymer volume gratings (2007)

A 3-slot optical backplane bus demonstrator based on glass substrate with photopolymer volume gratings array (PVGA) on top surface is built to allow 16 channels of data to be broadcast from central slot to two daughter slots or uploaded from any daughter slot to central slot. VCSELs and photodetectors packaged in the form of TO-46 can are assembled on top of each PVG and interleaved to reduce the crosstalk to below noise level. By carefully aligning the fabrication system, the incident angle deviation from Bragg condition is reduced to below 0.1° to maximize optical power delivery. The orientation and period of hologram fringes are uniform in the active area by collimating recording beams. Above 4.8Gbps aggregated data transmission is successfully demonstrated using the multi-channel system. Three computer mother boards using FPGA are made to verify the data transmission among the slots. Interface boards between the FPGA boards and optical transceivers are designed and fabricated to separate the implementation of digital layer and optical layer. Single channel transmissions with 3.2Gbps and even 10Gbps data rate are also tested with above 100uW input power, showing the potential to improve the total two-way bandwidth to above 102.4Gbps. Alignment tolerance of the optical interconnect system is investigated theoretically and experimentally. By analyzing the diffractive characteristics, the bandwidth limit of the optical layer is determined to be in the order of Terahertz. Design and fabrication issues are discussed for future optical backplane bus to make terahertz bandwidth into reality. Based on the experiments for Bit-interleaved Optical Backplane bus and Multi-channel optical backplane bus demonstrators, theoretical analysis of the bandwidth limit of the optical backplane bus using photopolymer volume gratings has been carried out.
Time-Lag Focusing (TLF) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Building Collaborative Teams: A Local Navigation-based Approach (2014)

Seeking expertise from others and building teams or coalitions is an important part of collaborative problem solving. We discuss the challenges and opportunities that arise in the context of a human computation system in which individual users possess heterogeneous skills and are embedded in an underlying social network that serves as the backbone of information exchange among them. How do structures of acquaintance networks and the limitation of user’s knowledge to local connections affects her ability to form collaborations? What is the role played by a user based on her skills and network positioning in terms of her ability to contribute to the whole system? In this paper, we seek an answer to these questions, starting with a simple generative model to capture the social structures among heterogeneous population seen in reality. Then, we generalize the challenge of team formation and expertise seeking as that of maximizing a submodular function in a decentralized setting where we only have access to local network knowledge. We discuss how the degree of locality of the network knowledge, complexity of utility functions, as well as the properties of the underlying graph affects the hardness of the problem and the ability to get an approximate solution. Our methodology and findings sheds light on how collaborations form among sets of individuals, which we believe is an under-explored problem in human computation and crowdsourcing systems.
Ion energy, ion flux, and ion species effects on crystallographic and electrical properties of sputter-deposited Ta thin films (1997)

The effects of ion bombardment conditions on the crystallographic and electrical properties of tantalum thin films grown on SiO2 and Si have been systematically investigated in Ta thin film formation process employing low-energy (&amp;lt;100 eV) inert-gas ion bombardment on a growing film surface. It is demonstrated that the properties of Ta films are strongly dependent upon ion energy and ion flux as well as substrate materials. The bcc-Ta can be formed on SiO2 by controlling impinging ion energy and normalized ion flux defined as the ratio of ion flux to Ta flux ranging lower than 20 eV and higher than 13, respectively, for Ar plasma. Based on these results, low-resistivity bcc-Ta thin films (14.8 μΩ cm at 300 K) have been successfully formed. It is also experimentally shown that the irradiation by ions with different mass numbers has different effects on growing film properties, even if the energy or momentum of the ions is the same. When normalized ion flux is 26, bcc-Ta films can be grown on Si at ion energy lower than 30 eV for Ar ions and at ion energy ranging from 30 to 90 eV for Xe ions. The results also suggest that there are two cases where the phase transition from bcc to β occurs. One is caused by defects induced by the recoil implantation of Ta atoms due to the excessive higher-energy ion bombardment and the other is induced by defects due to insufficient total energy input to a growing film surface by ion irradiation and resulting poor film quality.
Reaction of lithium dimethylcuprate with C6H6Mn(CO)3+. Observation of methyl group migration from manganese to the arene ring in C6H6(CO)2MnMe (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of lithium dimethylcuprate with C6H6Mn(CO)3+. Observation of methyl group migration from manganese to the arene ring in C6H6(CO)2MnMeM. Brookhart, Allan R. Pinhas, and Alexander LukacsCite this: Organometallics 1982, 1, 12, 1730–1731Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00072a040https://doi.org/10.1021/om00072a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electric fuel nozzles for combustors (1979)

<i>Prionispa champaka</i> is a leaf-mining species which feeds on <i>Pollia</i> spp. and widely distributes in southern China. The complete mitogenomic sequence of <i>P. champaka</i> (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) was obtained and annotated, with a length of 20,494 bp. It was longer than those of other Chrysomelid species (not including Bruchinae) because of its much longer non-coding sequences. Gene arrangement and content of <i>P. champaka</i> was identical to the most common type in insects, and it was also biased toward AT (accounting for 78.4%). Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial PCGs indicated that <i>P. champaka</i> was closely clustered with 5 other Cassidinae species, supporting the traditional morphological classification within Cassidinae.
SysML Executable Model of an Energy-Efficient House and Trade-Off Analysis (2018)

With the growing complexity of energy efficient buildings, the methods of modeling and simulating such structures must account for monitoring several thousand design parameters across multiple diverse domains. As a result, modeling tools are now very specific to their respective domains and are growing more and more incongruous with each other. This calls for a way to integrate multiple modeling tools in the effort to create a single, large model capable of encapsulating data from multiple, different models. Thus, in this paper, different methods to perform an integration with Systems Modeling Language (SysML) and a simulation tool were identified, described and evaluated. Then, a new method was developed and discussed. Finally, the new method was demonstrated by developing a SysML executable model of a simple two-room house. Using the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) standard, the SysML model is integrated with a Modelica model, and a simulation is run in Simulink. Finally, a tradeoff analysis was performed for the purpose of design space exploration.
Der menschlichen Duftchemie auf der Spur (2012)

Abstract Körpergerüche haben im modernen Alltag möglicherweise keine Funktion und werden deshalb mit Deodorants und Antitranspirantien gezielt bekämpft. Die Duftproduktion basiert allerdings auf einem faszinierenden Zusammenspiel zwischen spezifischen Drüsensekreten und einer spezialisierten Flora von Hautbakterien. Die beteiligten chemischen und biochemischen Vorgänge wurden in Forschungsarbeiten der letzten zehn Jahre erstmals im Detail beschrieben: Die Struktur neuer Duftmoleküle und deren Konjugate mit Aminosäuren wurde aufgeklärt und die an der Duftfreisetzung beteiligten Enzyme isoliert. Diese Resultate werfen Fragen nach der evolutionären Bedeutung der menschlichen Körpergerüche auf, eröffnen aber auch neue Wege, gezielt wirkende Deodorants zu entwickeln.
Travel Speed Forecasting by Means of Continuous Conditional Random Fields (2011)

This paper explores the application of the recently proposed continuous conditional random fields (CCRF) to travel forecasting. CCRF is a flexible, probabilistic framework that can seamlessly incorporate multiple traffic predictors and exploit spatial and temporal correlations inherently present in traffic data. In addition to improving prediction accuracy, the probabilistic approach provides information about prediction uncertainty. Moreover, information about the relative importance of particular predictor and spatial–temporal correlations can be easily extracted from the model. CCRF is fault-tolerant and can provide predictions even when some observations are missing. Several CCRF models were applied to the problem of travel speed prediction in a range from 10 to 60 min ahead and evaluated on loop detector data from a 5.71-mi section of I-35W in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Several CCRF models, with increasing levels of complexity, are proposed to assess performance of the method better. When these CCRF models were compared with the linear regression model, they reduced the mean absolute error by around 4%. The results imply that modeling spatial and temporal neighborhoods in traffic data and combining various baseline predictors under the CCRF framework can be beneficial.
P‐136: Late‐News Poster: Functional Hard Coatings for Foldable Displays (2022)

Recently, OLED technology has enabled the first mass adoption of mobile phones with large foldable displays. The displays, however, remain quite prone to scratching and few materials are proficient in both durability and flexibility. This paper describes the performance of Optitune siloxane‐based hard coatings, which are applicable in mass‐production environments. The FleXFOLD+ coating exhibits excellent optics, scratch resistance as well as foldability, all of which are extremely important properties in the foldable display applications.
Mecanismos intramoleculares de iniciación de la transmisión de señales por el TCR (2005)

La activacion del receptor para el antigeno de celulas T (TCR) puede producir diferentes respuestas dependiendo de la naturaleza del peptido antigenico enmarcado en el complejo principal de histocompatibilidad (MHCp). Este potencial implica la combinacion de la especificidad del ligando por el TCR y de la activacion de las distintas cascadas intracelulares de senalizacion. El mecanismo molecular que permite la discriminacion se conoce parcialmente. El anticuerpo monoclonal APA1/1 reconoce un epitopo en el tallo citosolico de CD3e que se expone cuando el TCR es activado completamente. La exposicion del epitopo de APA1/1 se produce rapida e independientemente de la actividad tirosin-quinasa; de hecho, esta exposicion se produce cuando las celulas son estimuladas a 0o C. Unicamente la estimulacion del TCR con el ligando agonista fuerte induce la exposicion del epitopo de APA1/1. En la mayoria de las celulas T en reposo en ganglios linfaticos, el epitopo de APA1/1 no esta expuesto, pero tras la inyeccion del antigeno in vivo, el epitopo se expone en la mayoria de las celulas T especificas para el antigeno. Estos resultados demuestran que el TCR sufre un cambio conformacional tras la union del MHCp in vitro e in vivo, y se estable una correlacion molecular con la activacion productiva del TCR. Una caracteristica unica del TCR es su habilidad para explorar los ligandos de MHCp estructuralmente similares y transmitir diferencialmente las senales bioquimicas dependiendo de la fortaleza del reconocimiento del ligando. En el desarrollo de timocitos, los ligandos debiles inducen la seleccion positiva y los ligandos fuertes inducen la seleccion negativa. Una minoria de timocitos de ratones no transgenicos exponen el epitopo reconocido por APA1/1. Las celulas APA1/1 positivas son DP, estan en la corteza y las uniones cortico-medulares y estan en contacto con las celulas epiteliales y dendriticas. La
Optical Fiber Sensors to Measure Collector Performance in the Pantograph-Catenary Interaction (2009)

Optical fiber sensors are proposed to detect static and dynamic collector strain for high-speed railway pantograph achieving electromagnetic immunity, nonelectrically conducting and small size. The implemented scheme based on a Michelson's interferometer with a 3 times 3 coupler allows local strain measurement insensitive to temperature variations with high reliability guaranteed by the employment of standard 1550 nm optical communications components. By a test rig to experimentally simulate the pantograph-catenary contact-force the sensor performance is compared with typical electric measurement.
Linker-Templated Structure Tuning of Optical Response in Plasmonic Nanoparticle Gels (2022)

Gel assemblies of functional nanoparticles, reversibly associated into percolating networks using bifunctional linking molecules, offer promise as versatile materials platforms. Molecular linkers can be customized to template interparticle spacing and modify colloidal network attributes, enabling design for structure-dependent properties. Mechanical properties of gels are commonly studied by molecular simulation, but simulating the optical response of large-scale, disordered assemblies has been computationally intractable, limiting our understanding of light–matter interactions in structurally complex plasmonic networks. Here, we use a recently developed mutual polarization method, capable of predicting optical properties for large disordered configurations of spherical particles, together with an experimentally informed coarse-grained model to study the behavior of plasmonic linker gels. The simulation results demonstrate how blends of short and long linkers with the same average molecular weight can be chosen to deliberately modulate structure-dependent near- and far-field spectral features of the colloidal gel while preserving gel mechanical properties. Linker selection can also be used to prepare gel networks with qualitatively different mechano-optical responses. The structural changes occurring under strain shed light on possible origins of experimentally observed red- and blue-shifting of the optical extinction of plasmonic nanocomposites under a uniaxial extension.
Near‐Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Nanoparticle: A Metal‐Free Photosensitizer for Two‐Photon‐Activated Photodynamic Therapy at the Cell and Small Animal Levels (Small 6/2022) (2022)

Photodynamic Therapy In article number 2106215, Menglin Li, Jinfeng Zhang, and co-workers develop a metal-free photosensitizer (PS) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) nanoparticles, which demonstrates intrinsic two-photon-excited (TPE) property, near-infrared emissive fluorescence, and singlet oxygen generation ability. Moreover, the TPE-photodynamic therapy (PDT) performance and biosafety at the small animal level are investigated. This work provides a promising strategy to develop metal-free PSs and advances the potential clinical translations of TADF-based nanotherapeutics for high-precision bio-imaging and high-performance PDT.
Compressive image acquisition and classification via secant projections (2015)

Given its importance in a wide variety of machine vision applications, extending high-speed object detection and recognition beyond the visible spectrum in a cost-effective manner presents a significant technological challenge. As a step in this direction, we developed a novel approach for target image classification using a compressive sensing architecture. Here we report the first implementation of this approach utilizing the compressive single-pixel camera system. The core of our approach rests on the design of new measurement patterns, or projections, that are tuned to objects of interest. Our measurement patterns are based on the notion of secant projections of image classes that are constructed using two different approaches. Both approaches show at least a twofold improvement in terms of the number of measurements over the conventional, data-oblivious compressive matched filter. As more noise is added to the image, the second method proves to be the most robust.
Increased superoxide anion generation and altered vasoreactivity in rabbits on low-potassium diet (1998)

Potassium reduces blood pressure in populations at high risk of developing hypertension, which suggests that potassium depletion may increase vascular resistance. This study was designed to examine the effect of potassium depletion on the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in arterial tissues. New Zealand White rabbits were fed either a control diet, containing a normal amount of potassium, or a low-potassium diet for 1-3 wk. As expected, the low-potassium diet resulted in reduced serum and urinary potassium levels. Carotid arteries were excised, and their contractile and relaxant responses were determined in vitro. Carotid arterial ring contractile response to norepinephrine was enhanced, and relaxation in response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine and calcium ionophore A-23187 was attenuated, in rabbits fed low-potassium diet (all P < 0.01 compared with responses in rabbits fed control diet). The vasomotor responses were similarly altered in rabbits fed low-potassium diet for 1 or 3 wk. Both the enhanced contraction and attenuated relaxation were abolished by treatment of arterial rings with superoxide dismutase but not by treatment with L-arginine or indomethacin. Carotid artery rings from rabbits fed the low-potassium diet showed approximately 100% greater superoxide anion formation than those from rabbits fed control diet (P < 0.01), whereas plasma and urinary nitrite levels were similar in both groups of rabbits. These observations indicate that low-potassium diet enhances the sensitivity of the carotid artery to vasoconstrictor stimuli and reduces the sensitivity to endothelium-dependent stimuli. Attenuation of endothelium-dependent relaxation appears to be secondary to increased free radical generation, which may degrade nitric oxide. Altered vasoreactivity may underlie the genesis of hypertension in populations consuming diets low in potassium.
Management of achalasia cardia: Expert consensus statements (2018)

Achalasia cardia (AC) is a frequently encountered motility disorder of the esophagus resulting from an irreversible degeneration of neurons. Treatment modalities are palliative in nature, and there is no curative treatment available for AC as of now. Significant advancements have been made in the management of AC over last decade. The introduction of high resolution manometry and per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has strengthened the diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium of AC. High resolution manometry allows for the characterization of the type of achalasia, which in turn has important therapeutic implications. The endoscopic management of AC has been reinforced with the introduction of POEM that has been found to be highly effective and safe in palliating the symptoms in short-term to mid-term follow-up studies. POEM is less invasive than Heller's myotomy and provides the endoscopist with the opportunity of adjusting the length and orientation of esophageal myotomy according to the type of AC. The management of achalasia needs to be tailored for each patient, and the role of pneumatic balloon dilatation, POEM, or Heller's myotomy needs to be revisited. In this review, we discuss the important aspects of diagnosis as well as management of AC. The statements presented in the manuscript reflect the cumulative efforts of an expert consensus group.
Telomere Length Homeostasis Responds to Changes in Intracellular dNTP Pools (2013)

Telomeres, the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes, shorten due to incomplete DNA replication and nucleolytic degradation. Cells counteract this shortening by employing a specialized reverse transcriptase called telomerase, which uses deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to extend telomeres. Intracellular dNTP levels are tightly regulated, and perturbation of these levels is known to affect DNA synthesis. We examined whether altering the levels of the dNTP pools or changing the relative ratios of the four dNTPs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae would affect the length of the telomeres. Lowering dNTP levels leads to a modest shortening of telomeres, while increasing dNTP pools has no significant effect on telomere length. Strikingly, altering the ratio of the four dNTPs dramatically affects telomere length homeostasis, both positively and negatively. Specifically, we find that intracellular deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) levels positively correlate with both telomere length and telomerase nucleotide addition processivity in vivo. Our findings are consistent with in vitro data showing dGTP-dependent stimulation of telomerase activity in multiple organisms and suggest that telomerase activity is modulated in vivo by dGTP levels.
Controlling The Adaptation Of Feedback Cancellation Filters - Problem Analysis And Solution Approaches (2004)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Viena, Austria, 2004