gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inter-individual variability during neurodevelopment: an investigation of linear and nonlinear resting-state EEG features in an age-homogenous group of infants (2023)

Electroencephalography measures are of interest in developmental neuroscience as potentially reliable clinical markers of brain function. Features extracted from electroencephalography are most often averaged across individuals in a population with a particular condition and compared statistically to the mean of a typically developing group, or a group with a different condition, to define whether a feature is representative of the populations as a whole. However, there can be large variability within a population, and electroencephalography features often change dramatically with age, making comparisons difficult. Combined with often low numbers of trials and low signal-to-noise ratios in pediatric populations, establishing biomarkers can be difficult in practice. One approach is to identify electroencephalography features that are less variable between individuals and are relatively stable in a healthy population during development. To identify such features in resting-state electroencephalography, which can be readily measured in many populations, we introduce an innovative application of statistical measures of variance for the analysis of resting-state electroencephalography data. Using these statistical measures, we quantified electroencephalography features commonly used to measure brain development-including power, connectivity, phase-amplitude coupling, entropy, and fractal dimension-according to their intersubject variability. Results from 51 6-month-old infants revealed that the complexity measures, including fractal dimension and entropy, followed by connectivity were the least variable features across participants. This stability was found to be greatest in the right parietotemporal region for both complexity feature, but no significant region of interest was found for connectivity feature. This study deepens our understanding of physiological patterns of electroencephalography data in developing brains, provides an example of how statistical measures can be used to analyze variability in resting-state electroencephalography in a homogeneous group of healthy infants, contributes to the establishment of robust electroencephalography biomarkers of neurodevelopment through the application of variance analyses, and reveals that nonlinear measures may be most relevant biomarkers of neurodevelopment.
Synthese von potentiellen Alifedrin‐Metaboliten (1992)

Abstract Das neue β‐Mimetikum Alifedrin metabolisiert nach tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen zu einer Reihe von Derivaten. Die Synthese der mono‐ und dihydroxyliertert potentiellen Metabolite wird beschrieben. 1 H‐NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen von Epimerengemischen der synthetisierten 3‐bzw. 4‐Hydroxy‐Verbindungen bestätigten die bevorzugte Bildung von bisäquatorial angeordneten Substituenten in disubstituierten Cyclohexanderivaten. Die Zielverbindungen ermöglichen den Strukturbeweis und die pharmakologische Charakterisierung der Metabolite. trans ‐4‐Hydroxy‐Alifedrin ( 3 ) konnte in humankinetischen Untersuchungen nach oraler Gabe als Hauptmetabolit identifiziert werden. — cis ‐3‐Hydroxy‐Alifedrin ( 5 ) ist in verschiedenen Spezies nach intravenöser Applikation der pharmakodynamisch wirksamste Alifedrin‐Metabolit.
Electrochemical and Thermal Studies of Carbon-Coated LiFePO[sub 4] Cathode (2009)

The carbon-coated Li-ion cathode material was studied for its electrochemical and thermal performance. This electrode exhibited a reversible capacity corresponding to more than 90% of the theoretical capacity when cycled between 2.5 and 4.0 V. The material also showed good capacity retention at high powers, implying that the carbon coating improves the electronic conductivity and hence the cycling of this material. The diffusion coefficient of this material was calculated from its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The heat generation during charge and discharge was studied using an isothermal microcalorimeter. Thermal studies were also investigated by using a differential scanning calorimeter and an accelerating rate calorimeter, which showed that is safer than the commonly used lithium metal oxide cathodes with layered structures.
Transformation of dolutegravir into an ultra-long-acting parenteral prodrug formulation (2022)

Ultra-long-acting integrase strand transfer inhibitors were created by screening a library of monomeric and dimeric dolutegravir (DTG) prodrug nanoformulations. This led to an 18-carbon chain modified ester prodrug nanocrystal (coined NM2DTG) with the potential to sustain yearly dosing. Here, we show that the physiochemical and pharmacokinetic (PK) formulation properties facilitate slow drug release from tissue macrophage depot stores at the muscle injection site and adjacent lymphoid tissues following single parenteral injection. Significant plasma drug levels are recorded up to a year following injection. Tissue sites for prodrug hydrolysis are dependent on nanocrystal dissolution and prodrug release, drug-depot volume, perfusion, and cell-tissue pH. Each affect an extended NM2DTG apparent half-life recorded by PK parameters. The NM2DTG product can impact therapeutic adherence, tolerability, and access of a widely used integrase inhibitor in both resource limited and rich settings to reduce HIV-1 transmission and achieve optimal treatment outcomes.
Characterization of a membrane antigen of Leishmania amazonensis that stimulates human immune responses (1991)

To investigate human immune responses to defined leishmania Ag we have begun to characterize biochemically and immunologically, an abundant 42-kDa surface Ag of Leishmania amazonensis, a causative agent of human leishmaniasis. We have shown that this Ag, La gp42, is expressed on the surface of L. amazonensis promastigotes, being anchored to the membrane by a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol moiety. As demonstrated by lectin blotting studies, La gp42 is glycosylated, binding both Con A and wheat germ agglutinin. Immunologically, La gp42 is strongly recognized by sera from patients with different forms of leishmaniasis as well as by patients with Chagas' disease. In addition, we show that purified La gp42 stimulates the proliferation of human T lymphocytes obtained from several leishmaniasis patients. Finally, the N-terminal sequence of La gp42 was obtained and a serologically cross-reactive 42-kDa protein with a homologous sequence was identified in Leishmania major.
Alternative Spliced Transcripts as Cancer Markers (2001)

Eukaryotic mRNAs are transcribed as precursors containing their intronic sequences. These are subsequently excised and the exons are spliced together to form mature mRNAs. This process can lead to transcript diversification through the phenomenon of alternative splicing. Alternative splicing can take the form of one or more skipped exons, variable position of intron splicing or intron retention. The effect of alternative splicing in expanding protein repertoire might partially underlie the apparent discrepancy between gene number and the complexity of higher eukaryotes. It is likely that more than 50% form. Many cancer-associated genes, such as CD44 and WT1 are alternatively spliced. Variation of the splicing process occurs during tumor progression and may play a major role in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, alternatively spliced transcripts may be extremely useful as cancer markers, since it appears likely that there may be striking contrasts in usage of alternatively spliced transcript variants between normal and tumor tissue than in alterations in the general levels of gene expression.
Dynamical Simulations of Coarse Grain Polymeric Systems: Rouse and Entangled Dynamics (2013)

A particle-based, theoretically informed coarse-grained model for multicomponent polymeric systems is proposed to explore the dynamics of entangled polymeric melts. Entanglements are treated at the two-molecule level, through slip-springs that couple the dynamics of neighboring pairs of chains. Their inclusion in the model changes its behavior from Rouse to entangled, with scaling laws for the mean-square displacement and shear viscosity consistent with those observed in tube theories and in experiments.
Tetradentate dithiooxamide ligands and their nickel complexes. Synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a mononuclear neutral complex, Ni((c-C5H9)NHC(S)C(S)N(CH2)2NC(S)C(S)NH(c-C5H9)) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetradentate dithiooxamide ligands and their nickel complexes. Synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a mononuclear neutral complex, Ni((c-C5H9)NHC(S)C(S)N(CH2)2NC(S)C(S)NH(c-C5H9))Qiu Yun Ye, Yoshiharu Nakano, Greg R. Frauenhoff, David R. Whitcomb, Fusao Takusagawa, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 7, 1503–1510Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00007a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00007a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Iron Phosphate Glass for Vitrifying Hanford AZ102 LAW in Joule Heated and Cold Crucible Induction Melters - 12240 (2012)

An iron phosphate composition for vitrifying a high sulfate (~17 wt%) and high alkali (~80 wt%) Hanford low activity waste (LAW), known as AZ-102 LAW, has been developed for processing in a Joule Heated Melter (JHM) or a Cold Crucible Induction Melter (CCIM). This composition produced a glass waste form, designated as MS26AZ102F-2, with a waste loading of 26 wt% of the AZ-102 which corresponded to a total alkali and sulfate (represented as SO3) content of 21 and 4.4 wt%, respectively. A slurry (7M Na + ) of MS26AZ102F-2 simulant was melted continuously at temperatures between 1030 and 1090°C for 10 days in a small JHM at PNNL and for 70 hours in a CCIM at INL. The as-cast glasses produced in both melters and in trial laboratory experiments along with their canister centerline cooled (CCC) counterparts met the requirements for the Product Consistency Test (PCT) and the Vapor Hydration Test (VHT) responses in the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) Contract. These glass waste forms retained up to 77 % of the SO3 (3.3 wt%), 100% of the Cesium, and 33 to 44% of the rhenium (used as a surrogate for Tc) all of which either exceeded or were comparable to the retention limit for these species in borosilicate glass nuclear waste form. Analyses of commercial K-3 refractory lining and the Inconel 693 metal electrodes used in JHM indicated only minimum corrosion of these components by the iron phosphate glass. This is the first time that an iron phosphate composition was melted continuously in a slurry fed JHM and in the US, thereby, demonstrating that iron phosphate glasses can be used as alternative hosts for vitrifying nuclear waste.
Solid polymer fuel cell synthesis by low pressure plasmas: a short review (2006)

In this review, we report on the use of low pressure plasmas for elaborating materials at the heart of solid polymer fuel cells (SPFC), especially electrodes and the membrane electrolyte. Electrodes are formed using plasma sputtering techniques while the ion conducting membranes are built up using plasma polymerization. Fuel cell performance will be improved by these approaches. The electrode catalyst profile is optimized while membrane working temperature is increased and methanol crossover is lowered compared to conventional PEM fuel cells.
Gene transfer for cystic fibrosis (1999)

Ten years ago the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene was cloned. The discovery of the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl– channel marked the opening of Chapter 1 in the development of gene transfer as a treatment for this common autosomal recessive disease. One year later, Chapter 1 ended when expression of CFTR in CF epithelial cells corrected the CF Cl– transport defect. From this chapter, we obtained a critical reagent, the CFTR cDNA, and we learned that gene therapy might be feasible.

Chapter 2, the initial experiments in gene transfer to people with CF, began in 1993. Since then several studies have administered the CFTR cDNA to humans using adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and cationic lipid vectors. The paper by Harvey et al. in this issue of the JCI (1) brings Chapter 2 to a close. Now it is time to ask what have we learned from this paper and from Chapter 2, and where to go from here.

Harvey et al (1) sprayed a recombinant adenovirus (E1–, E3–) encoding CFTR onto a small region of bronchial epithelium in people with CF. By using quantitative RT-PCR, they learned that generation of vector-derived transcripts was dose-dependent and, at the highest doses, the normal CFTR transcripts were present at levels >5% of the levels of the endogenous mutated transcripts. 5–10% is significant because that level might be sufficient to have a clinical impact, provided all the cells have a few transcripts or transcripts are present in at least 5–10% of epithelial cells (2, 3). Because of technical limitations, the authors could not address these caveats directly, but their data are not inconsistent with these requirements. Thus, the results are encouraging.

In summary, from Chapter 2 we learned that gene transfer to humans with CF works, and gene therapy should work. We now know that CFTR can be expressed in appropriate target tissues, that expression can complement the CF loss of Cl– transport in vivo in humans, and that gene transfer is safe. Thus, there are no theoretical or fundamental problems that absolutely prevent the development of gene therapy. However, we have also learned of some significant barriers and limitations.

Two challenges that must be met in the next chapter on gene therapy for CF include limited efficiency of gene transfer and limited persistence of expression. These two issues are related: if the duration of expression could be increased, a lower transduction rate might be acceptable — and, to a lesser extent, the converse.
An Asymmetric Synthesis of (-)-Deoxypodophyllotoxin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Asymmetric Synthesis of (-)-DeoxypodophyllotoxinDavid E. Bogucki and James L. CharltonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 3, 588–593Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00108a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00108a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views878Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cross-layer optimization in QoS aware next generation wireless networks (2009)

Providing guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS) for resource-hungry multimedia applications over wireless fading channels is challenging. Traditional layered architecture fails miserably in providing the QoS requirement of high throughput, low latency demand of these kinds of applications in wireless mobile networks. Cross-layer design approaches are critical for efficient utilization of the scarce radio resources with QoS provisioning in the 4G wireless networks like WiMAX. Better system performance can be obtained from information exchanges across protocol layers, which may not be available in the traditional layered architecture. Cross-layer design approaches are critical for efficient utilization of the scarce radio resources with QoS provisioning in the WiMAX based 4G networks. Here we have proposed a cross-layer framework for WiMAX networks to optimize the system performance as well as maintaining the end-to-end QoS of individual users. As proper utilization of limited network resources is very much essential to achieve the objective of high degree of optimization, resource allocation and scheduling are important issues. We also discuss in detail the cross-layer resource allocation and scheduling scheme in the WiMAX system and propose an algorithm to cater the need of better resource management particularly for heterogeneous traffic consisting of soft and hard QoS constraints applications in 4G networks. Numerical results demonstrate a significant performance gain for the cross-layer optimization.
Progress on EUV pellicle and pellicle infrastructure for high volume manufacturing (2021)

In the past year ASML NXE pellicle has made a significant steps. ASML EUV Customers can order in volume pellicles, which meet all the production KPI. The next step to meet the industry high volume manufacturing requirements, is releasing high EUV transmittance, high power compatibility and superior imaging performance membranes, made of novel materials. In this presentation we will give a comprehensive overview on the current development status of the NXE pellicle product, including a future outlook to the EUV pellicle roadmap.
Selective Pharmacological Effects of Triprolyl and Pentasarcosyl Angiotensin II (1987)

Among the various biological effects of angiotensin II (AII), both pressor activity and aldosterone stimulation appear to be mediated by functionally different receptors. With this in mind, we compared pressor and aldosterone-stimulating activities of AII with those of triprolyl [(Pro)3] AII and pentasarcosyl [(Sar)5] AII. In conscious male Wistar rats (Pro)3 AII and (Sar)5 AII produced 48 and 46% of the pressor activity of AII. After intravenous infusion (conscious unrestrained rats, 125 pmol/kg/min for 30 min), plasma aldosterone concentrations were not significantly different from those of control rats which were infused with saline. However, when the rats were infused with AII (125 pmol/kg/min for 30 min), plasma aldosterone concentrations increased significantly (1,306 +/- 80 pg/ml). This study indicates that (Pro)3 AII and (Sar)5 AII may prove to be useful tools to elucidate biological actions of AII.
Rear-seat occupant demographics in rear impacts: Analysis of NASS-CDS (2021)

The height and weight of a 10-year old and 5<sup>th</sup> Hybrid III ATD are representative of the average rear-seat occupant involved in rear crashes based on NASS-CDS. Crash tests with a delta V of between 30 and 37 km/h represent the typical collision causing serious-to-fatal injury.
Pathogenesis and treatment of HIV-1 infection recent developments (1997)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is estimated to presently infect 24 million adults and 1.5 million children, worldwide. The pathogenesis of HIV-1-induced disease is complex and characterized by the interplay of both viral and host factors, which together determine the outcome of infection. An improved understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of AIDS, combined with recent insights into the dynamics of viral infection, and the cellular co-receptors for HIV-1, may provide powerful new opportunities for therapeutic intervention against this virus.
Dual Inhibition of α/β-Hydrolase Domain 6 and Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Increases Endocannabinoid Levels in Neurons (2011)

Agonists at cannabinoid receptors, such as the phytocannabinoid Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, exert a remarkable array of therapeutic effects but are also associated with undesirable psychoactive side effects. Conversely, targeting enzymes that hydrolyze endocannabinoids (eCBs) allows for more precise fine-tuning of cannabinoid receptor signaling, thus providing therapeutic relief with reduced side effects. Here, we report the development and characterization of an inhibitor of eCB hydrolysis, UCM710, which augments both N-arachidonoylethanolamine and 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels in neurons. This compound displays a unique pharmacological profile in that it inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase and α/β-hydrolase domain 6 but not monoacylglycerol lipase. Thus, UCM710 represents a novel tool to delineate the therapeutic potential of compounds that manipulate a subset of enzymes that control eCB signaling.
4D-GIS (4 dimensional GIS) as spatial-temporal data mining platform and its application to managementand monitoring of large-scale infrastructures (2011)

A 4-dimensional geographic information system (4D-GIS) for use as a spatial-temporal data mining platform is introduced. The 4D-GIS effectively integrates, manages, and analyzes spatial-temporal data, defined as 4D data (2D, 3D, and time change data). In this paper, techniques for integrating and analyzing spatial-temporal data are provided in detail. First, the structures of 4D data and the essence of data integration are explained. A change difference management method for historical data and the homotopical representation of complicated 3D configurations are proposed. Second, the generative aspects of 4D data integration and the real-time monitoring of an integrated database are explained. The effectiveness of the system was verified by applying it to the large-scale infrastructure management of an elevated railway bridge and a sewer optical communication line.
A reconfigurable architecture for continuously variable optical slow-wave delay lines (2007)

A novel reconfigurable architecture based on slow-wave propagation in integrated optical ring resonators is proposed for the realization of variable optical delay lines. A continuously variable delay is achieved by combining a coarse discrete (digital) delay, provided by a coupled resonator slow-wave structure, with a fine continuous (analog) delay given by a cascaded ring- resonator phase-shifter. The reflective configuration of the structure enables a simple, accurate and robust tuning of the delay and provides a footprint reduction by a factor 2 with respect to conventional coupled resonator optical waveguides. Proof-of-concept devices realized in 4.4% silicon oxynitride waveguides and activated by a thermal control are discussed. Experimental results demonstrate, in both spectral and time domain, a continuously variable delay, from zero to 800 ps (2 bit fractional delay), on a 2.5 Gbit/s NRZ signal, with less than 8 dB insertion loss and less than 5 mm2 device footprint.