gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systems Analysis of Subjects Acutely Infected with Chikungunya Virus (2019)

Abstract The largest ever recorded epidemic of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) began in 2004 and affected four continents. Acute symptomatic infections are typically associated with the onset of fever and often debilitating polyarthralgia/polyarthritis. In this study, a systems biology approach was used to analyze the blood transcriptomes of adults acutely infected with CHIKV. Gene signatures that were associated with viral RNA amounts and to the onset of symptoms were identified. Among those genes, the putative role of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) family genes and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC3A) in the CHIKV replication process were displayed. We further compared these signatures with those induced by dengue virus infection and rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, we demonstrated that CHIKV infection in mice induced IL-1 beta production in a mechanism highly dependent on the inflammasome NLRP3 activation. The findings provided valuable insights into the virus–host interactions during the acute phase and could be useful in the investigation of new and effective therapeutic interventions.
Automated genotyping of circulating tumor cells (2010)

Cancer remains a prominent health concern in modern societies. Continuous innovations and introduction of new technologies are essential to level or reduce current healthcare spending. A diagnostic platform to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood may be most promising in this respect. CTCs have been proposed as a minimally invasive, prognostic and predictive marker to reflect the biological characteristics of tumors and are implemented in an increasing number of clinical studies. Still, their detection remains a challenge as they may occur at concentrations below one single cell per ml of blood. To facilitate their detection, here we describe microfluidic modules to isolate and genotype CTCs directly from clinical blood samples. In a first cell isolation and detection module, the CTCs are immunomagnetically enriched, separated and counted. In a second module and after cell lysis, the mRNA is reversely transcripted to cDNA, followed by a multiplex ligation probe amplification of 20 specific genetic markers and two control fragments. Following the multiplex ligation probe amplification reaction, the amplified fragments are electrochemically detected in a third and final module. Besides the design of the modules, their functionality is described using control samples. Further testing using clinical samples and integration of all modules in a single, fully automated smart miniaturized system will enable minimal invasive testing for frequent detection and characterization of CTCs.
Einfluss Einer Kupferbehandlung auf die Exsudation von Organischen Säuren bei Helianthus Annuus (1998)

Helianthus annuus zeigte nach einer Kupferbehandlung unter sterilen, hydroponischen Bedingungen eine erhöhte Exsudation, u.a. auch von niedermolekularen organischen Säuren. Die Ausscheidung von Zitronensäure, Maleinsäure, Milchsäure, Fumarsäure und Essigsäure war nach 7 Stunden maximal. Nach 10 Stunden enthielt das Medium nur noch geringe Mengen der Säuren. Die Kupferkonzentration in der Nährlösung nahm dagegen mit Zunahme der Säuren ab.
Multi-domain monitoring of marine environments using a heterogeneous robot team (2012)

In this paper we describe a heterogeneous multi-robot system for assisting scientists in environmental monitoring tasks, such as the inspection of marine ecosystems. This team of robots is comprised of a fixed-wing aerial vehicle, an autonomous airboat, and an agile legged underwater robot. These robots interact with off-site scientists and operate in a hierarchical structure to autonomously collect visual footage of interesting underwater regions, from multiple scales and mediums. We discuss organizational and scheduling complexities associated with multi-robot experiments in a field robotics setting. We also present results from our field trials, where we demonstrated the use of this heterogeneous robot team to achieve multi-domain monitoring of coral reefs, based on real-time interaction with a remotely-located marine biologist.
Changing the emission of polarized thermal radiation from metallic nanoheaters (2009)

The polarization of the thermal radiation emitted from individual nanoheaters is investigated for nanoheaters with widths ranging from 500 nm to 2000 nm. The polarization is oriented along the long axis of the nanoheater for widths below 600 nm and rotates by 90 degrees and becomes perpendicular for widths above 900 nm. For certain width nanoheaters the orientation of the polarization of the thermal emission can be rotated from parallel to perpendicular by changing the temperature of the nanoheater. The change in the direction of the emitted thermal radiation is explained by thermally excited transverse plasmon modes.
Progression of visual field in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (1): Preliminary results (2013)

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the visual field rate of progression of patients with treated ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary‐open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods From a multicentric database, 441 eyes of 228 patients with treated ocular hypertension or POAG followed up at least 6 years with Humphrey 24.2 Sita‐Standard visual field examination at least twice a year were identified. From initial data, eyes were classified in 5 groups: 104 ocular hypertension, 205 early glaucoma (MD&gt;‐6dB), 45 moderate glaucoma (MD ‐6 to ‐12dB), 41 advanced glaucoma (MD ‐12 to ‐18dB) and 46 severe glaucoma (MD&lt;‐18dB). Rate of progression during the follow‐up period was calculated using the trend analysis of the Guided Progression Analysis software. Results The mean duration of follow‐up was 8.4 years. We found a significant positive association between initial MD and rate of progression in early, moderate and advanced glaucoma (p&lt;0.04). Rate of progression was ‐0.06 dB/year (‐0.19 %VFI/year) in eyes with ocular hypertension, ‐0.24 dB/year (‐0.75 %VFI/year) in eyes with early glaucoma, ‐0.45 dB/year (‐1.72 %VFI/year) in moderate glaucoma, ‐0.54 dB/year (‐2.44 %VFI/year) in advanced glaucoma, and ‐0.45 dB/year (‐1.97 %VFI/year) in severe glaucoma. Conclusion In early to advanced stages of glaucoma, the rate of progression worsened as the severity increased, but became smaller in latest stage of the disease.
Cross-polarization generation and its impact on coupler performance (2006)

In high index contrast integrated optic waveguides, it has been found that waveguide asymmetries can produce cross-polarization coupling. This effect has been well studied for polarization rotation. A similar effect, as produced by fabrication-induced asymmetry, can significantly limit the performance of directional couplers. In this paper, we analyze the effect, propose a method to circumvent these manufacturing-related limitations, and demonstrate an improvement of the extinction ratio from 25 to 40 dB level
LASER EXCITATION SPECTROSCOPY OF THE $CO{_{2}}^{+} \tilde{B} ^{2}\Sigma^{+}_{u} - \tilde{X} ^{2}\Pi _{g} AND \tilde{A} ^{2}\Pi _{u} - \tilde{X} ^{2}\Pi_{g}$ TRANSITIONS (1981)

Author Institution:
Degradation, Insulin Secretion, and Antihyperglycemic Actions of Two Palmitate-DerivitizedN-Terminal Pyroglutamyl Analogues of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (2005)

Exploitation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is hindered by its short biological half-life and rapid renal clearance. To circumvent these problems, two novel acylated N-terminally modified GIP analogues, N-pGluGIP(LysPAL(16)) and N-pGluGIP(LysPAL(37)), were evaluated. In contrast to native GIP, both analogues were completely resistant to dipeptidyl peptidase IV degradation. In GIP-receptor transfected fibroblasts, N-pGluGIP(LysPAL(16)) and N-pGluGIP(LysPAL(37)) exhibited enhanced stimulation of cAMP production. Insulinotropic responses in clonal beta-cells were similar to native GIP. When administered together with glucose to ob/ob mice, the glycemic excursions were significantly less for both analogues and insulin responses were greater than native GIP. Extended insulinotropic and antihyperglycemic actions were also evident. These data indicate that palmitate-derivitized analogues of N-terminal pyroglutamyl GIP represent a novel class of stable, long-acting, and effective GIP analogues for potential type 2 diabetes therapy.
Performance of stacked nanosheet gate all around FET’s with EUV patterned gate and sheets (2021)

Gate all around stacked nanosheet FET’s have emerged as the next technology to FinFET’s for beyond 7-nm scaling. With EUV technology integrated into manufacturing at 7nm, there is great interest to enable EUV direct print patterning for nanosheet technology in the FEOL. While sheet and gate pitches expected for the beyond 7nm node fall within the EUV direct print regime (&gt;40nm), it is unclear if direct print solutions can meet device performance requirements at technology critical sheet widths and gate lengths. Here, we demonstrate electrical performance of nanosheet FET’s with 20 – 80 nm wide sheets with 40-150 nm pitch gates patterned with single expose EUV. We compare results against a benchmark double patterning process towards meeting variability, device and critical dimension targets. We also explore the limits of process and material knobs - resists, illuminations and etch chemistries with the specific goal of reducing LER/LWR and towards shrink for further scaling. Our results demonstrate crossover points between direct print EUV and double patterning processes for nanosheet technology and identify relevant design guidelines and focus areas to successfully enable EUV for the FEOL in nanosheets.
Optical Fiber Splices and Connectors: Theory and Methods (1986)

Optical Fiber Splices and Connectors is the first book-length work to provide a comprehensive description of the theory and hardware associated with multimode and single-mode butt-joint and fusion splicing. The book categorizes splicing and connector strategies from a range of perspectives (including performance and cost), and presents many new design and measurement techniques for the first time in the literature. 

Optical Fiber Splices and Connectors delineates multimode splice theory and measurements, with attention to geometric optics splice loss models (and their applications) . . . presents single-mode splice theory and measurements, with particular focus on electromagnetic theory, Gaussian Splice Theory, and ore . . . reviews splice measurements and system considerations (including coverage of a single-mode to multimode diagnostic splice) . . . and marshalls extensive lab and field data to evaluate current theory and hardware for fiber connecting and splicing. An invaluable, one-of-a-kind consideration of its topic, Optical Fiber Splices and Connectors is mandatory reading for all optical fiber system/device designers, developers, and engineers; engineers in related fields; technical managers and students in fiber optics and telecommunications.
Population Dynamics and Fitness Comparison of Sensitive and Resistant Phenotypes of Botrytis cinerea to Benzimidazole, Dicarboximide, and N-phenylcar bamate Fungicides (2001)

A total of 2109 isolates of Botrytis cinerea were collected from infected plants fo strawberry, tomato, and cucumber in Korea from 1994 to 1996. Based on in virtotests for mycelial growth on potato-dextrose agar containing fungicides, the esolates were classified into six phenotypic groups : SSR, SRR, RSS, RRS, RSR, and RRR, representing sensitivity (S) or resistance (R) to carbendazim, procymidone, and diethofencarb. In that order the isolation frequencies of the SSR, SRR, RSS, RRS, RSR, and RRR phenotypes were 28.7, 1.1, 28.8, 39.4, 1.0, and 0.9%, respectively. Three isolates from each SSR, SRR, RSS, RRS, and RSR and an isolate of RRR phenotype were selected and evaluated for their fitness-related characteristics such as pathogenic aggressiveness, mycelial growth rate, sporulation, and sclerotial formation. Competitive abilities of the SSR, SRR, RSS, RRS, and RSR phenotypes were also compared by inculating mixtures of conidial suspensions of two phenotypes to cucumber plant, and then determining re-isolation frequencies from lesions. In general, significant differences in fitness-related characteristics, except pathogenic aggressiveness, were found not only between but also within phenotype groups. In the competitiveness tests, carbendazim-sinsitive phenotypes (SSR and SRR) were found to be more competitive than the resistant ones (RSS and RSR), whereas, the procymidone-resistant phenotypes (SRR and RRS) appeared to be more competitive than the sensitive ones (SSR, RSS, and RSR). There was no consistent dominance in competitiveness between the diethofencarb-resistant and sensitive phenotypes. The RSR phenotype was the least competitive among the five phenotypes.
312 Intraoperative Imaging of Cerebral Vasculature and Blood Flow Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (2018)

Belykh, Evgenii MD; Cavallo, Claudio MD; Zhao, Xiaochun; Lawton, Michael T MD; Nakaji, Peter MD; Preul, Mark C MD Author Information
1470 nm band wavelength division multiplexing transmission (1998)

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission in the novel 1470 nm wavelength band is demonstrated. Eight channel, 10 Gbit/s WDM repeaterless transmission over a 120 km dispersion-shifted fibre is achieved using thulium-doped fibre amplifiers.
Peripheral Myelin Protein 22 Is in Complex with α6β4 Integrin, and Its Absence Alters the Schwann Cell Basal Lamina (2006)

Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) is a tetraspan membrane glycoprotein, the misexpression of which is associated with hereditary demyelinating neuropathies. Myelinating Schwann cells (SCs) produce the highest levels of PMP22, yet the function of the protein in peripheral nerve biology is unresolved. To investigate the potential roles of PMP22, we engineered a novel knock-out (-/-) mouse line by replacing the first two coding exons of pmp22 with the lacZ reporter. PMP22-deficient mice show strong beta-galactosidase reactivity in peripheral nerves, cartilage, intestines, and lungs, whereas phenotypically they display the characteristics of tomaculous neuropathy. In the absence of PMP22, myelination of peripheral nerves is delayed, and numerous axon-SC profiles show loose basal lamina, suggesting altered interactions of the glial cells with the extracellular matrix. The levels of beta4 integrin, a molecule involved in the linkage between SCs and the basal lamina, are severely reduced in nerves of PMP22-deficient mice. During early stages of myelination, PMP22 and beta4 integrin are coexpressed at the cell surface and can be coimmunoprecipitated together with laminin and alpha6 integrin. In agreement, in clone A colonic carcinoma cells, epitope-tagged PMP22 forms a complex with beta4 integrin. Together, these data indicate that PMP22 is a binding partner in the integrin/laminin complex and is involved in mediating the interaction of SCs with the extracellular environment.
Enthalpies of transfer of transition states in the Menshutkin reaction from a polar protic to a dipolar aprotic solvent (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnthalpies of transfer of transition states in the Menshutkin reaction from a polar protic to a dipolar aprotic solventPaul Haberfield, Abraham Nudelman, Allen Bloom, Richard Romm, and Henry GinsbergCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 13, 1792–1795Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00812a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00812a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Erratum: “Structural and electronic properties of Ga2O3-Al2O3 alloys” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 242101 (2018)] (2021)

First Page
Motion Segmentation for 3D Video Based on Spherical Registration (2007)

In this paper, a highly accurate motion segmentation technique for 3D video is presented. In conventional approaches, motion of the objects was analyzed using shape feature vectors extracted 3D video frames. This was because it was very difficult to locate and track feature points in the objects in the 3D space due to that fact that the number of vertices and connection vary each frame. In this study, we developed an algorithm to analyze the objects' motion in the 3D space using the spherical registration based on the iterated closest point algorithm. Rough motion tracking is conducted and the degree of motion is robustly calculated by this method. Although the approach is straightforward, much better motion segmentation results than the conventional approaches are obtained by yielding such high precision and recall rates as 95% and 92% on average.
Synthesis of (.+-.)-thalictricavine, berlambine, and (.+-.)-canadine from a common intermediate (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (.+-.)-thalictricavine, berlambine, and (.+-.)-canadine from a common intermediateMark Cushman and Frederick W. DekowCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 3, 407–409Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01317a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01317a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views432Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
OPA1 drives macrophage metabolism and functional commitment via p65 signaling (2022)

Macrophages are essential players for the host response against pathogens, regulation of inflammation and tissue regeneration. The wide range of macrophage functions rely on their heterogeneity and plasticity that enable a dynamic adaptation of their responses according to the surrounding environmental cues. Recent studies suggest that metabolism provides synergistic support for macrophage activation and elicitation of desirable immune responses; however, the metabolic pathways orchestrating macrophage activation are still under scrutiny. Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a mitochondria-shaping protein controlling mitochondrial fusion, cristae biogenesis and respiration; clear evidence shows that the lack or dysfunctional activity of this protein triggers the accumulation of metabolic intermediates of the TCA cycle. In this study, we show that OPA1 has a crucial role in macrophage activation. Selective Opa1 deletion in myeloid cells impairs M1-macrophage commitment. Mechanistically, Opa1 deletion leads to TCA cycle metabolite accumulation and defective NF-κB signaling activation. In an in vivo model of muscle regeneration upon injury, Opa1 knockout macrophages persist within the damaged tissue, leading to excess collagen deposition and impairment in muscle regeneration. Collectively, our data indicate that OPA1 is a key metabolic driver of macrophage functions.
Identifying the Structural Evolution of the Sodium Ion Battery Na2FePO4F Cathode (2018)

Na<sub>2</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F is a promising cathode material for Na-ion batteries owing to its relatively high discharge voltage and excellent cycling performance. Now, the long- and short-range structural evolution of Na<sub>2</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F during cycling is studied by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction (XRD), ex situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and first-principles DFT calculations. DFT calculations suggest that the intermediate phase, Na<sub>1.5</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F, adopts the space group of P2<sub>1</sub> /c, which is a subgroup (P2<sub>1</sub> /b11, No. 14) of Pbcn (No. 60), the space group of the starting phase, Na<sub>2</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F, and this space group provides a good fit to the experimental XRD and NMR results. The two crystallographically unique Na sites in the structure of Na<sub>2</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F behave differently during cycling, where the Na ions on the Na2 site are electrochemically active while those on the Na1 site are inert. This study determines the structural evolution and the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of Na<sub>2</sub> FePO<sub>4</sub> F in a Na-ion battery.
Spectral Temporal Graph Neural Network for Trajectory Prediction (2024)

An effective understanding of the contextual environment and accurate motion forecasting of surrounding agents is crucial for the development of autonomous vehicles and social mobile robots. This task is challenging since the behavior of an autonomous agent is not only affected by its own intention, but also by the static environment and surrounding dynamically interacting agents. Previous works focused on utilizing the spatial and temporal information in time domain while not sufficiently taking advantage of the cues in frequency domain. To this end, we propose a Spectral Temporal Graph Neural Network (SpecTGNN), which can capture inter-agent correlations and temporal dependency simultaneously in frequency domain in addition to time domain. SpecTGNN operates on both an agent graph with dynamic state information and an environment graph with the features extracted from context images in two streams. The model integrates graph Fourier transform, spectral graph convolution and temporal gated convolution to encode history information and forecast future trajectories. Moreover, we incorporate a multi-head spatio-temporal attention mechanism to mitigate the effect of error propagation in a long time horizon. We demonstrate the performance of SpecTGNN on two public trajectory prediction benchmark datasets, which achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of prediction accuracy.