gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The studies of SMO process on cont layer of 20nm node (2013)

The k1 factor continues to be driven downwards; the Extreme Ultra Violet Lithography (EUVL) should be a powerful solution for 2xnm node. But, EUVL is not ready for 2xnm node manufacturing currently. Therefore, we must extend ArF immersion capability on 2xnm devices. In order to enable the features/patterns of 20nm node and beyond, Mask Error Enhancement Factor (MEEF) and Depth of Focus (DoF) play an important role for continuing shrinking designs in the low-k1 lithography. Lithography optimization by RET (Resolution Enhancement Techniques) application is essential to obtain a usable process window (PW). SMO (Source Mask Optimization) [1] is a RET solution for better total process window improvement on 20nm node and beyond. Using these concern patterns of design rule, the optimal source with optical balance would be generated. The wafer result by using the optimal source need to be checked and compare with simulation result. In this paper, we will introduce how to use SMO in Cont lithography process development on 20nm node. The SMO of pattern split with PTD (Positive Tone Develop), single exposure with PTD (Positive Tone Develop) and single exposure of NTD (Negative Tone Develop) had been studied. Pattern split with PTD can provide an enough process window. But, it suffers overlay control and process cost issue. Single exposure is a good solution to fix overlay control and process cost. But it suffers low process window. Hence, single exposure with PTD is another choice to improve the process window. Base on our study, NTD SMO has better performance (DoF: ~20 increase, MEEF: ~10 decrease) than PTD SMO on single exposure process. The detail result will be shown in this paper.
Resource sharing in LTE‐Advanced relay networks: uplink system performance analysis (2012)

ABSTRACT Relay‐enhanced networks are expected to fulfil the demanding coverage and capacity requirements in a cost‐efficient way. Type 1 inband relaying has been standardised as an integral part of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long‐Term Evolution Release 10 and beyond (LTE‐Advanced). This type of relay nodes (RNs) supports a relaying mode where the RN to donor evolved node B (donor eNB, DeNB) link (relay link, a.k.a. backhaul link) transmission is time‐division multiplexed with the RN‐served user equipments (RUEs) to RN link (access link) transmission, whereas macrocell‐served user equipments (MUEs) share the same resources with the RNs at DeNB. Hence, system performance depends strongly on the resource sharing strategy among and within the links. Further, the set of subframes assigned for the relay link transmission is semi‐statically configured and thus a dynamic reconfiguration to adapt to fast‐changing system conditions (e.g. RN cell load) is not viable. Besides, in order to fully exploit the benefits of relaying, the inter‐cell interference, which is increased because of the presence of RNs, should be limited via a proper power control (PC) scheme on each link. Therefore, an optimisation of both the resource sharing and PC strategy is required to enhance the overall performance of relay networks. In order to tackle these issues, we employ a statistic‐based over‐provisioned backhaul subframe allocation to be utilised for flexible co‐scheduling of RNs and MUEs at the DeNB. In addition, we propose a combination of RN scheduling based on the number of RUEs and user throughput throttling achieving max–min fairness. Performance analysis of various resource sharing techniques along with PC optimisation is then carried out within the LTE‐Advanced uplink framework in urban and suburban scenarios. Comprehensive results show that the proposed schemes achieve significant throughput gains and high system fairness with substantially increased flexibility in resource allocation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Влияние Ингавирина® на ультраструктурные особенности морфогенеза аденовирусной инфекции in vivo (2012)

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ingavirin® on the morphological features of the foci of adenovirus hepatitis in Syrian hamsters by electron microscopy. The use of the drug was shown to cause a substantial reduction in the rate of destructive processes and inflammatory reactions in the liver, by normalizing its structure at the levels of both tissue and individual hepatocytes. After administration of Ingavirin®, the morphogenesis of adenovirus infection in the infected hepatocytes did not differ from that in the controls; however, the infected cells were fewer. The proportion of morphologically inadequate virions in the presence of Ingavirin® increased from 35 to 46%. The findings suggest that Ingavirin® is an effective drug that has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities in the focus of adenovirus tissue involvement
Public Review - A Cooperative Uplink Power Control Scheme for Elastic Data Services in Wireless CDMA Systems (2006)

This is a paper that is actually an excellent illustration of how CCR differs from more traditional publications, and also one for which I am glad to have the opportunity to write a public review that hopefully can shed some light on the reasons behind its acceptance.\nDon’t get me wrong, this is not a paper that I regret seeing in CCR, but this is paper that most likely would not have been accepted in most other publications, including conferences and workshops, at least not in its first submission.\nThe focus of the paper is on resource management on the uplink of a CDMA wireless system, and in particular the combination of an admission control algorithm and a cooperative power control algorithm that maximize a utility function across admitted mobiles while taking QoS requirements into account. The topic is arguably important given the growing presence of CDMA wireless systems and the emergence of new standards such EVDO-1X Rev. A, which offer a range of new options allowing the use of "independent" transmission policies by mobile devices rather than always subjecting them to tight control from the base station. Understanding, if, when, and how such flexibility can be beneficial or harmful is an interesting and timely research area.
The commonality of plasticity underlying multipotent tumor cells and embryonic stem cells (2006)

Aggressive cancer cells and pluripotent stem cells converge in their capacity for self-renewal, proliferation and plasticity. Recent studies have capitalized on these similarities by demonstrating that tumors arise from specific cancer stem cell populations that, in a manner reminiscent of normal stem cells, are able to both self-renew and give rise to a heterogeneous tumor population. This stem cell like function of aggressive cancer cells is likely attributable to the ectopic expression of embryonic factors such as Nodal and Cancer Testis Specific Antigens (CTAs), which maintain a functional plasticity by promoting pluripotency and immortality. During development, the expression of these embryonic factors is tightly regulated by a dynamic array of mediators, including the spatial and temporal expression of inhibitors such as Lefty, and the epigenetic modulation of the genome. In aggressive cancer cells, particularly melanoma, this balance of regulatory mediators is disrupted, leading to the aberrant expression of pluripotency-associated genes. By exposing aggressive cancer cells to embryonic microenvironments, this balance of regulatory mediators is restored, thereby reprogramming tumor cells to a more benign phenotype. These stem cell-derived mediators, as well as the genes they regulate, provide therapeutic targets designed to specifically differentiate and eradicate aggressive cancers.
1101: Fully Human Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibodies for Prostate Cancer Therapy (2004)

demonstrated that TGF-/31 induced stromal cells had an increased proportion of myofibroblasts, the identifying cell-type of reactive stroma. Furthermore, the degree of the reactive stroma inversely corresponded to the degree of LNCaP cell death (Figure
IFN-Inducible Protein 10 (CXCL10) Regulates Tubular Cell Proliferation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (2008)

Although renal tubular cell proliferation after acute tubular necrosis is an important and essential response in the recovery of renal dysfunction in acute renal failure, the precise factors and mechanisms of tubular cell regeneration remain unclear. Here, we describe our studies using a neutralizing antibody (Ab) against interferon-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10; CXCL10) that indicate a role for CXCL10 in tubular cell proliferation after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Tissue necrosis and interstitial infiltrating numbers were comparable between anti-CXCL10 Ab-treated and control mice treated with IgG at the 24 and 48 h time points after reperfusion. In contrast, the numbers of Ki67-positive proliferating tubular cells were significantly increased in anti-CXCL10 Ab-treated mice 48 h after reperfusion. In accordance with the in vivo findings,in vitro studies using murine tubular epithelial cells indicated an antiproliferative effect of CXCL10 upon the intensity of cell proliferation and the number of Ki67-positive cells. These data suggest that CXCL10 plays a role in the regulation of tubular cell proliferation following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The coexistence of nocturnal sustained hypoxia and obesity additively increases cardiac apoptosis (2008)

The cardiac Fas receptor- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were more activated in obesity with coexistent nocturnal sustained hypoxia, which may represent one possible apoptotic mechanism for the development of heart failure in obesity with nocturnal sustained hypoxia.
Noncoding mutations target cis-regulatory elements of the FOXA1 plexus in prostate cancer (2020)

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy among men worldwide. Recurrently mutated in primary and metastatic prostate tumors, FOXA1 encodes a pioneer transcription factor involved in disease onset and progression through both androgen receptor-dependent and androgen receptor-independent mechanisms. Despite its oncogenic properties however, the regulation of FOXA1 expression remains unknown. Here, we identify a set of six cis-regulatory elements in the FOXA1 regulatory plexus harboring somatic single-nucleotide variants in primary prostate tumors. We find that deletion and repression of these cis-regulatory elements significantly decreases FOXA1 expression and prostate cancer cell growth. Six of the ten single-nucleotide variants mapping to FOXA1 regulatory plexus significantly alter the transactivation potential of cis-regulatory elements by modulating the binding of transcription factors. Collectively, our results identify cis-regulatory elements within the FOXA1 plexus mutated in primary prostate tumors as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Photochemical cycloadditions of 2,3-dihalobenzo[b]thiophenes: stereochemical and mechanistic results (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical cycloadditions of 2,3-dihalobenzo[b]thiophenes: stereochemical and mechanistic resultsD. C. Neckers, F. L. Wagenaar, D. Hauenstein, and R. A. JacobsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 10, 1725–1732Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00158a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00158a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views293Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Supplemental Materials and Methods from TMPRSS2–ERG-Mediated Feed-Forward Regulation of Wild-Type ERG in Human Prostate Cancers (2023)

Supplemental Materials and Methods from TMPRSS2–ERG-Mediated Feed-Forward Regulation of Wild-Type ERG in Human Prostate Cancers
Supplemental Legends and Tables from Detection of Gastric Cancer with Novel Methylated DNA Markers: Discovery, Tissue Validation, and Pilot Testing in Plasma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 1: Discrimination for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) from normal gastric mucosa by the top 22 methylated DNA marker candidates in Discovery and Technical Validation Sets. Supplemental Table 2: Function of Genes Containing Differentially Methylated Regions Identified as Targets for Candidate Markers Supplemental Table 3: Covariate Effects on Tissue Levels of Methylated DNA Marker Candidates (Data shown represent p-values).&lt;/p&gt;
Co-propagating distributed Raman amplifier utilizing incoherent pumping (2019)

We have developed a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based incoherent light source for a co-propagating distributed Raman amplifier. By utilizing the incoherent light source as a 1st-order pump of the Raman amplifier, we have experimentally verified the reduction of RIN transfer regardless of the presence of simultaneous amplification by 2nd-order coherent pumps. In addition, improved Q-factor has been demonstrated by 22.5 Gbaud polarization-division multiplexing 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (PDM-16QAM) transmission experiment over 2720 km in a re-circulating fiber loop. From subsequent experimental study, we have redesigned wavelength shifted 1st-order incoherent pump and measured at Raman gains in L-band wavelength.
Elimination of cavitation-related attenuation in shock wave lithotripsy (2017)

In shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), acoustic pulses with a leading compression wave followed by a tensile wave are delivered into the patient’s body using a water-filled coupling cushion. Cavitation-related acoustic energy loss in the coupling unit depends critically on water conditions, e.g. dissolved gas concentration and exchange flow rate. We have systematically investigated the attenuation mechanism in the coupling water via pressure measurements and cavitation characterization. In non-degassed water the bubble cluster became progressively dense (i.e., proliferated because of gas diffusion into bubbles and splitting of bubbles into many daughter bubbles) in shock waves delivered at 1 Hz leading to reduction in the tensile wave duration from a nominal value of 4.6 to 1.8 µs. To reduce cavitation in the coupling water along the beam path, we have used a continuous jet flow to remove residual daughter bubbles between consecutive shocks. As a result, stone fragmentation efficiency was increased from 16±4% to 30±5% (p = 0.002) after 250 shocks. Such a hydrodynamic approach for tensile wave attenuation in the coupling water may be used to provide a flexible means for a novel treatment strategy with tissue protection.
1618 Identification of Noxious Events for Newborn Infants with a Neural Network (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Recognition of pain experienced by immature and/or critically ill newborn infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit remains a challenge despite the use of objective scoring systems that depend on physiological and behavioural parameters. We consider there is a need to identify pain using only physiological data streams. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were collected from three preterm male, gestational age 27.25±0.95 weeks (mean±SD), birth weight 941.25±189.31 grams. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) were considered for the NN Input Vector. NN’s output were set to ‘1’ for noxious stimuli pattern (NSP) define as: HR≥160 AND MAP≥55 AND RR≥40 AND SpO<sub>2</sub>&lt; &lt; 90<sup>1</sup>. Artifact events were captured in previous study<sup>2</sup> and integrated with real-time physiological data streams. In this study we correlated the nociceptive event identified by NN with the artifact nociceptive event. <h3>Results</h3> Events ‘vascular access’ and ‘reintubation’ statistically coincide with the NSP defined in 100%. Event ‘routine care’ coincides in 52.67% with NSP. HR≥160 was evident in 24.6% of the event occurrence. The events were successfully identified by the NN, shown figure 1. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study showed correlation of artifact nociceptive event with the physiological data streams NN patterns verifying a positive relation between nociceptive response and non-invasive physiological response. NN developed previously proved to be an accurate tool for deployment in a clinical decision support system. <h3>References</h3> Submitted to ESCTAIC 2012, Romania. 1st ACM International Health Informatics Symposium, 647–655.
A 4.5 GHz 130 nm 32 KB L0 cache with a self reverse bias scheme (2002)

This paper describes a 32 KB dual-ported L0 cache for 4.5 GHz operation in 1.2 V, 130 nm CMOS. The local bitline uses a Self Reverse Bias scheme to achieve -220 mV access transistor underdrive without external bias voltage or gate-oxide overstress. 11% faster read delay and 104% higher DC robustness (including 7x measured active leakage reduction) is achieved over optimized high-performance dual-Vt scheme.
Formulation of rigorous coupled-wave theory for gratings in bianisotropic media (2011)

A formulation of rigorous coupled-wave theory for diffraction gratings in bianisotropic media that exhibit linear birefringence and/or optical activity is presented. The symmetric constitutive relations for bianisotropic materials are adopted. All of the incident, exiting, and grating materials can be isotropic, uniaxial, or biaxial, with or without optical activity. The principal values of the electric permittivity tensor, the magnetic permeability tensor, and the gyrotropic tensor of the media can take arbitrary values, and the principal axes may be arbitrarily and independently oriented. Procedures for Fourier expansion of Maxwell's equations are described. Distinctive polarization coupling effects due to optical activity are observed in sample calculations.
Effect of chain length on the conductivity of polyacetylene. Potential dependence of the conductivity of a series of polyenes prepared by a living polymerization method (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of chain length on the conductivity of polyacetylene. Potential dependence of the conductivity of a series of polyenes prepared by a living polymerization methodL. Y. Park, D. Ofer, T. J. Gardner, R. R. Schrock, and M. S. WrightonCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 6, 1388–1395Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00024a047https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00024a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Targeted Lagrangian sampling of submesoscale dispersion at a coastal frontal zone (2012)

The potential impact of rapidly‐evolving submesoscale motions on relative dispersion is at the forefront of physical oceanography, posing challenges for both observations and modeling. A persistent coastal front driven by river outflows in the North‐Western Mediterranean Sea is targeted by two observational cruises conducted in the summer of 2010. The frontal zone is sampled using drifters launched with a multi‐scale strategy consisting of modules of triplets, released on either side of the front by small boats. This experiment is original in that the submesoscale range of 100 m to 1000 m is directly targeted, and the results are expected to provide guidance for practical applications, such as prediction of the initial spreading of pollutants and biogeochemical tracers. The influence of submesoscale motions on relative dispersion is quantified using both particle mean square separation as a function of time, and scale‐dependent finite‐size Lyapunov exponents (FSLE, λ ( δ )). Our main finding is the identification of a local dispersion regime with values reaching as high as λ ≈ 20 days −1 at drifter pair separation distances of δ &lt; 100 m. This value is more than an order of magnitude greater than that obtained by drifters in the offshore Ligurian current. The Ligurian Sea circulation is modeled using a fully realistic Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) with 1/60° horizontal resolution. It is found that the numerical model significantly underestimates the relative dispersion at submesoscales, indicating the need for particle dispersion parameterizations for unresolved processes.