gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and properties of cis-bis(dicyclohexylphosphine)dihalogeno-nickel(II) complexes (1978)

Dicyclohexylphosphine and tetracyclohexyldiphosphane both react with anhydrous nickel(II) chloride and bromide to form the same type of complex in either case, namely cis-[NiX2{P(C6H11)2H}2](X = Cl or Br). This has been confirmed in the solid state by X-ray diffraction and in solution by 1H and 31P n.m.r. spectroscopy. Other spectro-scopic data, as well as melting points, molecular weights, and elemental analyses, are also compatible with this conclusion. Evidence for a trans isomer of the bromide in solution is also observed. No evidence for the formation of a three-membered chelate ring in the reactions with the diphosphane could be detected. The 31P chemical shifts in CH2Cl2, are 36.4 (20 °C, 0.2 mol dm–3) and –46.1 and –30.5 p.p.m. (0 °C, 0.2 mol dm–3) for cis-[NiCl2{P(C6H11)2H}2], cis-[NiBr2{P(C6H11)2H}2], and trans-[NiBr2{P(C6H11)2H}2] respectively, relative to 85% H3PO4. The complexes exhibit strong P–H coupling due to the secondary phosphine proton. X-Ray diffraction shows that cis-[NiCl2{P(C6H11)2H}2] crystallizes in the tetragonal space group /41/a(No. 88) with a= 20.69(1) and b= 25.15(2)Å, and Z= 16. The structure was solved, using Weissenberg methods and the heavy-atom technique from 1400 independent reflections using Cu-Kα radiation, to R′ 0.118. The nickel atom is 0.05 Å from the plane formed by the chlorine and phosphorus atoms. The average Ni–Cl distance IS 2.20(1)Å and the average Ni—P distance is 2.15(l)Å.
Steady-state measurement of the effective particle density of cigarette smoke (2014)

The steady-state effective particle density of mainstream smoke from a University of Kentucky 3R4F reference cigarette was determined using a Differential Mobility Analyser (DMA) and Centrifugal Particle Mass Analyser (CPMA). The cigarette smoke was generated using a smoking machine under ISO puffing parameters (35 ml puff of 2 s duration, every 60 s) and collected in a Tedlar® bag. This smoke generation process resulted in the first puff of the smoking cycle aging approximately 7 min longer than the last puff. The effective particle density (measured immediately upon completion of the last puff) was found to be independent of the particle mobility size, indicating the particles have a spherical morphology, with an average density of 1180±113 kg/m3. Particle coagulation was also found to occur within the Tedlar® bag by comparing particle mobility size distributions, measured with a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), against an analytical model. This model showed that particle coagulation dominated the particle number concentration decay within the Tedlar® bag compared to particle diffusion or settling losses. Therefore cigarette smoke particles must have a liquid component to maintain a constant effective particle density function in the presence of coagulation. After the 7 min filling process, the effects of particle aging time and initial particle number concentration in the Tedlar® bag on the effective particle density were found to be small and indistinguishable within the bias uncertainty of the measurement system.
Guidelines for Guidelines (2006)

Practice guidelines are proliferating in medicine. In addition to methodological problems that cause guidelines to be outdated rapidly, they are plagued by conflicts of interest. They are largely consensus opinions of panels of experts, most of whom are supported by industry. Professional societies, health insurers, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and dialysis providers also benefit from guidelines. Little attention is paid to the potential for harm to patients, and to the profession of medicine, from the widespread use of guidelines.
Meeting Summary: 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Andrology (2009)

science and clinical medicine, and bridging bench work and patient care.
P544 Histological remission following ozanimod treatment is associated with concurrent clinical remission and endoscopic mucosal healing: Results from the TOUCHSTONE study (2018)

TOUCHSTONE was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial of ozanimod 1 and 0.5 mg vs. placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC). In this trial, a significantly greater proportion of patients on ozanimod 1 mg vs. placebo achieved clinical remission, response, and endoscopic mucosal healing based on Mayo score at Weeks 8 and 32. We also assessed whether ozanimod leads to histologic improvement and healing. 197 patients were randomised (1: 1: 1) to ozanimod 1 mg (n = 67), 0.5 mg (n = 65), or placebo (n = 65), with 103 (52.3%) entering a maintenance period and 91 (88.3%) completing. Baseline, Weeks 8 and 32 biopsies were scored by a central pathologist blinded to treatment and visit. Histologic improvement was based on the change from baseline in Geboes score (range 0–22). Histologic remission was defined as Geboes <2. Endoscopic remission was defined as endoscopic score ≤1. Clinical remission was defined as total Mayo score ≤2, with no subscore >1. Baseline mean Geboes score was similar in the 1 mg, 0.5 mg, and placebo groups (12.92, 14.36, and 13.94, respectively). Histologic improvement as measured by mean change in Geboes score was greater in the 1 mg group than placebo at both Week 8 (−4.37 vs. −2.20, p = 0.0345) and Week 32 (−5.50 vs. 2.24, p = 0.0033). The 0.5 mg group showed the same trend but the difference vs. placebo was not significant at Week 8 (−3.31 vs. −2.20, p = 0.5885) or Week 32 (−4.31 vs. −2.24, p = 0.2448). Histologic remission (Geboes <2) at Week 8 occurred in 15 of 67 (22.4%) for 1 mg (p = 0.0705 vs. placebo), 9 of 65 (13.8%) for 0.5 mg (p = 0.6294, vs. placebo) and 7 of 65 (10.8%) for placebo, and for Week 32 in 21 of 67 (31.3%) for 1 mg (p = 0.0006, vs. placebo), 15 of 65 (23.1%) for 0.5 mg (p = 0.0164 vs. placebo), and 5 of 65 (7.7%) for placebo. In patients treated with ozanimod, endoscopic remission and clinical remission were highly concordant with histologic remission (87.1% and 82.6%, respectively) at Week 32. Concordance between endoscopic remission and histologic remission at Week 32 was high in both the 1 and 0.5 mg groups (83.6% and 90.8%, respectively). Across ozanimod patients, concordance between histologic remission and normalised Physician Global Assessment (PGA = 0) was 75.8%, the absence of diarrhoea (SFS = 0) was 73.5%, and rectal bleeding (RBS = 0) was 65.2%. Ozanimod was effective in the induction of clinical, endoscopic, and histologic remission at Week 32 in patients with moderate-to-severe UC. Histologic remission at Week 32 following treatment with ozanimod is highly concordant with endoscopic and clinical remission.
Real-time PCR in detection and quantitation of Leishmania donovani for the diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis patients and the monitoring of their response to treatment (2017)

Sustained elimination of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) requires the reduction and control of parasite reservoirs to minimize the transmission of Leishmania donovani infection. A simple, reproducible and definitive diagnostic procedure is therefore indispensable for the early and accurate detection of parasites in VL, Relapsed VL (RVL) and Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients, all of whom are potential reservoirs of Leishmania parasites. To overcome the limitations of current diagnostic approaches, a novel quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method based on Taqman chemistry was devised for the detection and quantification of L. donovani in blood and skin. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using archived peripheral blood buffy coat DNA from 40 VL, 40 PKDL, 10 RVL, 20 cured VL, and 40 cured PKDL along with 10 tuberculosis (TB) cases and 80 healthy endemic controls. Results were compared to those obtained using a Leishmania-specific nested PCR (Ln-PCR). The real time PCR assay was 100% (95% CI, 91.19-100%) sensitive in detecting parasite genomes in VL and RVL samples and 85.0% (95% CI, 70.16-94.29%) sensitive for PKDL samples. In contrast, the sensitivity of Ln-PCR was 77.5% (95% CI, 61.55-89.16%) for VL samples, 100% (95%CI, 69.15-100%) for RVL samples, and 52.5% (95% CI, 36.13-68.49%) for PKDL samples. There was significant discordance between the two methods with the overall sensitivity of the qPCR assay being considerably higher than Ln-PCR. None of the assay detected L. donovani DNA in buffy coats from cured VL cases, and reduced infectious burdens were demonstrated in cured PKDL cases who remained positive in 7.5% (3/40) and 2.5% (1/40) cases by real-time PCR and Ln-PCR, respectively. Both assays were 100% (95% CI, 95.98-100) specific with no positive signals in either endemic healthy control or TB samples. The real time PCR assay we developed offers a molecular tool for accurate detection of circulating L. donovani parasites in VL, PKDL and RVL patients, as well as being capable of assessing response to treatment. As such, this real time PCR assay represents an important contribution in efforts to eliminate VL.
Conformational signatures in β-arrestin2 reveal natural biased agonism at a G-protein-coupled receptor (2018)

Discovery of biased ligands and receptor mutants allows characterization of G-protein- and β-arrestin-mediated signaling mechanisms of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, the structural mechanisms underlying biased agonism remain unclear for many GPCRs. We show that while Galanin induces the activation of the galanin receptor 2 (Galr2) that leads to a robust stimulation toward Gαq-protein and β-arrestin1/2, an alternative ligand Spexin and its analog have biased agonism toward G-protein signaling relative to Galanin. We used intramolecular fluorescein arsenical hairpin bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensors of β-arrestin2 combined with NanoBit technology to measure β-arrestin2-Galr2 interactions in real-time living systems. We found that Spexin and Galanin induce specific active conformations of Galr2, which may lead to different internalization rates of the receptor as well as different signaling outputs. This work represents an additional pharmacological evidence of endogenous G-protein-biased agonism at a GPCR.
A novel power plane with integrated simultaneous switching noise mitigation capability using high impedance surface (2003)

A novel technique for suppressing power plane resonance at microwave and radio frequencies is presented. The new concept consists of replacing one of the plates of a parallel power plane pair with a high impedance surface or electromagnetic band gap structure. The combination of this technique with a wall of RC pairs extends the lower edge of the effective bandwidth to dc, and allows resonant mode suppression up to the upper edge of the band-gap. The frequency range for noise mitigation is controlled by the geometry of the HIGP structure.
Key role of chromosomal mobile genetic elements transferred by conjugation in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in S. suis (2019)

International audience
Biofilm formation by Streptococcus agalactiae: influence of environmental conditions and implicated virulence factors (2015)

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is an important human pathogen that colonizes the urogenital and/or the lower gastro-intestinal tract of up to 40% of healthy women of reproductive age and is a leading cause of sepsis and meningitis in the neonates. GBS can also infect the elderly and immuno-compromised adults, and is responsible for mastitis in bovines. Like other Gram-positive bacteria, GBS can form biofilm-like three-dimensional structures that could enhance its ability to colonize and persist in the host. Biofilm formation by GBS has been investigated in vitro and appears tightly controlled by environmental conditions. Several adhesins have been shown to play a role in the formation of GBS biofilm-like structures, among which are the protein components of pili protruding outside the bacterial surface. Remarkably, antibodies directed against pilus proteins can prevent the formation of biofilms. The implications of biofilm formation in the context of GBS asymptomatic colonization and dissemination to cause invasive disease remain to be investigated in detail.
Pitch extraction in Human-Robot interaction (2010)

We present a system for real-time fundamental frequency, i. e. pitch, extraction on a humanoid robot. The system extracts pitch using an 8 channel microphone array mounted on the Honda humanoid robot in a realistic Human-Robot interaction scenario. The main building blocks of the system are a multi-channel signal enhancement followed by robust pitch extraction and tracking. The signal enhancement is based on 8 channel Geometric Source Separation. For the pitch extraction the signal is first transformed with a Gammatone filter bank into the frequency domain. Next a histogram of zero crossing distances is calculated from all filter bank signals. During the calculation of the histogram spurious side peaks resulting from harmonics and sub-harmonics of the true fundamental frequency are inhibited. The resulting histogram then serves as input to a grid based Bayesian tracker which deploys Bayesian filtering in a forward step and Bayesian smoothing in a backward step on a 100ms time window. We demonstrate the performance of the system in a scenario where male and female speakers utter different phrases while standing at a normal interaction distance to the robot. For the evaluation we compare the pitch tracking results once obtained from a clean headset signal and once from the signals obtained from the robot. The results show that the tracking performance only degrades to a small extent in the realistic interaction scenario compared to the headset recordings.
T cell clones with normal or defective O‐galactosylation from a patient with permanent mixed‐field polyagglutinability (1992)

To delineate the extent of O-galactosyltransferase deficiency within the lymphoid lineage, monoclonal antibody specific for the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) and its precursor the Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) were applied to the flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with permanent mixed-field polyagglutinability (PMFP). We show that only a minor population of 4% expressed the Tn antigen which is in contrast to 93% of the patient's erythrocytes carrying the defect. Tn+ lymphocytes mainly belonged to the CD3+ subset, but were also CD19+ or CD16+. Both Tn+ and TF+ T cell clones from patient R. R. were established and shown to belong to the CD4+ or CD8+ antigenic subset. Three glycosyltransferase activities were determined in lysates from these clones: all Tn+ clones were deficient in UDP-Gal: GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr beta 1----3 galactosyltransferase (beta 3Gal-T) activity; by contrast this activity was present in all lysates from TF-expressing clones. UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-T) and UDP-Gal: GlcNAc-R beta 1----4 galactosyl-transferase (beta 4Gal-T) exhibited similar activities in both Tn+ and TF+ T cell clones. As a consequence of defective O-galactosylation in Tn+ T cells, cell surface sialic acid of Tn+ clones was reduced by greater than 50% when compared to TF+ clones as demonstrated by sialic acid-specific labeling using fluoresceinated Limax flavus agglutinin(LA) and flow cytometry. The Tn phenotype of T cell clones was stable for more than 1 year of continuous expansion in vitro. These data demonstrate that in PMFP, T cells may also be affected by the O-galactosyltransferase deficiency which is accompanied by a substantial loss of cell surface sialic acid. However, the frequency of Tn+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood from patient R.R. was strikingly low. These T cell clones should be useful to study the defect at a genetic level and the importance of O-linked carbohydrates for proper T cell function.
Digital halftoning and the physical reconstruction function (1986)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1986.
Holographic recording using visible‐light sensitive polymers based on cationic polycondensation (1994)

Abstract Negative‐working photopolymers based on a cationic polycondensation mechanism were developed. The photopolymers are highly sensitive to 488 nm argon ion laser light, because they use a chemically amplified reaction and are not sensitive to ambient oxygen. These photopolymers are composed of a poly(p‐hydroxystyrene) matrix, a hexamethoxy methylmelamine crosslinker and a 2,4,6‐tris(trichloromethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine–coumarin dye combination as a photo‐initiator. They exhibit 0.6 mJ/cm 2 (D 0.7 g ) sensitivity to 488 nm light, as well as a high resolution of 0.5 μm. Due to their high sensitivity and high resolution, a relief‐type hologram, larger than 50 × 50 cm, can be recorded in a short exposure time using them.
rement and ding of McKibben Pneumatic Artificial Muscles (1996)

This paper reports mechanical tasting and modeling results for the McKibben artificial muscle pneumatic actuator. This device, first developed in the 1950's, contains an expanding tube surrounded by braided cords. We report static and dynamic length-tension testing results and derive a linearized model of these properties for three different models. The results are brieffy compared with human muscle properties to evaluate the suit- ability of McKibben actuators for human muscle emulation in biologically based robot arms.
High Power Output Multiplexer for First U.S. DBS Application (1985)

A high-power output multiplexing network suitable for direct broadcast satellite (DBS) applications was designed, manufactured, and tested to full space qualification requirements. Extensive tradeoff studies of the multiplexer electrical characteristics and thermal/mechanical performance were conducted to achieve the design objectives of minimum insertion loss, low weight and volume, and thermal control. Based on these tradeoffs, an optimal 3-channel output multiplexer with a total input power of 1 kW was designed, built, and tested for all of the required environmental conditions. This paper presents the basic design, product development, and electrical/environmental testing methods that are needed to optimize and verify high-power output multiplexer performance. The results represent the state of the art in high-power multiplexer design, and will likely form the basis for the design of future multiplexing networks for DBS applications.
OCR a YSR, czyli klasyczne i współczesne poglądy na prekonsolidację gruntów spoistych (2007)

OCR versus YSR—a discussion of classic and today’s views on preconsolidation of clayey soils. S u m m a r y. Overconsolidation ratio (OCR) is commonly used in different geology disciplines. It is considered crucial for proper evaluation of engineering-geological properties of soil. On its basis it is possible to assess the thickness of both the glacier covering in the past a given area, and eroded layers. However, as clearly indicated by the soil mechanics research over the past two decades, some applications of this parameter assume too much simplification of the preconsolidation origin. A revision of the classic and current views is presented along with the results of model experiments on Mio-Pliocene clays
Supplementary Figure 2 from A High Molecular Weight Melanoma-Associated Antigen–Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Redirects Lymphocytes to Target Human Melanomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from A High Molecular Weight Melanoma-Associated Antigen–Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Redirects Lymphocytes to Target Human Melanomas
Forward–backward asymmetry of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV (2012)

A measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry (AFB) of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV is presented. The data sample, collected with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb−1. The asymmetry is mea- sured as a function of dilepton mass and rapidity in the dielectron and dimuon chan- nels. Combined results from the two channels are presented, and are compared with the standard model predictions. The AFB measurement in the dimuon channel and the combination of the two channels are the first such results obtained at a hadron collider. The measured asymmetries are consistent with the standard model predic- tions.
Treatment of advanced lung cancer based on genomic profiling using liquid biopsy (plasma): A review of three cases (2021)

Of the 80 solid tumor cases in which liquid biopsy (LB) was performed using Guardant360 in the PROFILE study, nine were lung cancer cases. Here, we review three cases in which LB was useful in diagnosing ALK fusion-positive lung cancer, selecting sequential ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, confirming uncommon EGFR mutations, and receiving biomarker-compatible therapy.
A High PSRR, Stable CMOS Current Reference using Process Insensitive TC of Resistance for Wide Temperature Applications (2019)

In this paper, a highly stable all CMOS current reference against temperature and supply variation is proposed. Current reference of 5μA and 50nA has been designed for low power and ultra-low power applications respectively. The reference architecture is based on ratio between the PTAT voltage and the PTAT resistance. The process insensitive temperature compensation is accomplished by dividing TC of voltage with process insensitive TC of resistor. A high PSRR, process independent voltage reference is designed for PTAT voltage. N-poly on chip resistor is used for PTAT resistance. The proposed current reference is implemented in 0.18-μm TSMC technology. The architecture achieved PSRR of 74dB and line sensitivity of 0.05% works at supply voltage variation from 1.4V to 3.6V. The current reference of 5μA and 50nA attain temperature coefficient of 11.6 ppm/°C and 12.2 ppm/°C respectively for the temperature variation of -55° C to 125° C.
Technology evening panel discussion transistor future; How does it evolve after FinFET Era? Tuesday, June 6, 20:00–21:30 (2017)

Summary form only given. The FINFET has become widely used for nodes below 16nm. Its introduction in the manufacturing world has extended scalability of transistor dimensions. Beyond 5nm it is uncertain if the benefits of a FINFET structure will be maintained or lost. Alternative MOSFET structures may emerge to secure scaling. Nanosheet or nanowire have the potential to suppress short channel effect but these devices have an issue in enhancing on-state current without stacking multiple nanosheets or nanowires. Another approach is scaling channel thickness toward atomic scale. 2D materials like transition metal di-chalcogenide, black phosphorus are extensively studied. Synthesized 2D materials with single crystal structure has not been realized, and electrical characteristic are still poor compared with latest Si channel FET. Although electrical characteristicsare improved with alternative transistor structures, size scaling will approach physical limitation. Adopting 3D structures is one of ways to maintain “equivalent size scaling”. NAND flash already uses this approach by transferring from 2D NAND to 3D NAND. Does this strategy work well in case of logic devices? There are many issues in 3D logic. Overlay between different layers, choice of FET structure (lateral, vertical), Joule heating during operation, and cost / area merit. In this panel discussion, future roadmap of FET will be discussed by 1D, 2D, and 3D FET experts.