gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural studies of phase transitions in poly(di-n-alkylsiloxanes). 1. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(diethylsiloxane) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural studies of phase transitions in poly(di-n-alkylsiloxanes). 1. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(diethylsiloxane)J. Friedrich and J. F. RaboltCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 8, 1975–1979Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00174a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00174a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cytotoxic Effect of Lipophilic Bismuth Dimercaptopropanol Nanoparticles on Epithelial Cells (2015)

Bismuth nanoparticles have many interesting properties to be applied in biomedical and medicinal sectors, however their safety in humans have not been comprehensively investigated. The objective of this research was to determine the cytotoxic effect of bismuth dimercaptopropanol nanoparticles (BisBAL NPs) on epithelial cells. The nanoparticles are composed of 18.7 nm crystallites on average and have a rhombohedral structure, agglomerating into chains-like or clusters of small nanoparticles. Based on MTT viability assay and fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity was not observed on monkey kidney cells after growing with 5 µM of BisBAL NPs for 24 h. Employing same techniques, identical results were obtained with human epithelial cells (HeLa), showing a not strain-dependent phenomenon. The absence of toxic effects on epithelial cells growing with BisBAL NPs was corroborated with long-time experiments (24-72 hrs.), showing no difference in comparison with growing control (cells without nanoparticles). Further, genotoxicity assays, comet assay and fluorescent microscopy and electrophoresis in bromide-stained agarose gel revealed no damage to genomic DNA of MA104 cells after 24 h. of exposition to BisBAL NPs. Finally, the effect of bismuth nanoparticles on protein synthesis was studied in cells growing with BisBAL NPs for 24 h. SDS-PAGE assays showed no difference between treated and untreated cells, suggesting that BisBAL NPs did not interfere with protein synthesis. Hence BisBAL NPs do not appear to exert cytotoxic effects suggesting their biological compatibility with epithelial cells.
Low density lipoprotein and apoprotein B induce increases in inositol trisphosphate and cytosolic free Ca2+ via pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein in vascular smooth muscle cells. (1989)

Low density lipoprotein (LDL), a major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein in the plasma, binds to its receptor through apoprotein B (Apo-B). The addition of LDL and Apo-B induced rapid (5 s), but transient increase in the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins-1,4,5-P3) level with K0.5 values of 1.1 and 0.07 microgram/ml, accompanied by increases of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i), in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The increases by LDL and Apo-B were both reduced by pretreatment of the VSMC with pertussis toxin. The early change in Ins-1,4,5-P3 involving a GTP-binding protein may function as an initial signal for the action of LDL in VSMC.
Frequency-doubling by modal phase matching in poled optical fibres (1988)

We induce a permanent second-order nonlinearity in phosphorus and germania doped optical fibres via simultaneous excitation and orientation of defect centres. Modal phase-matching is used for frequency-doubling of 1.208μm radiation and we investigate the effect of nonuniform nonlinearities on the second-harmonic conversion efficiency.
Environmental Problems in Homes of Elders with Disabilities (1994)

Reporting on results from the University at Buffalo Consumer Assessments Study, this paper examines environmental problems in the homes of elderly persons with disabilities. For the study, 127 persons over the age of 60 were interviewed; all had received, or were currently receiving, services from a senior services agency or hospital rehabilitation program. An average of almost four problems per home were identified. Problems are grouped into categories by room and by area such as ‘lighting’ and ‘steps’ and described in more detail. Since all subjects had been referred to the project through an agency or hospital providing services, the results suggest that the home environment needs of elders are not adequately addressed by these service providers. An environmental interventions model, developed following an analysis of study results, is presented to guide service providers in setting priorities for recommending home modifications. Occupational therapists are qualified to provide home assessments, and must play a greater role in ensuring that these assessments and interventions are provided for non-institutionalized older persons with disabilities.
Investigation of InGaN/GaN Quantum Wells Grown on Sapphire and Bulk GaN Substrates (1999)

Optical and structural properties were investigated in GaN and InGaN multiple-quantum wells (MQWs) grown on sapphire and bulk GaN substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Bulk GaN consists of freestanding single crystals grown by sublimation. It was clearly demonstrated that dislocations in undoped GaN, Si-doped GaN and InGaN well act all as nonradiative recombination centers. The InGaN large and small phase separations formed by dislocations were observed only in the heteroepitaxial samples by cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements, respectively. These results indicated that the InGaN compositional fluctuation, which produced a large dispersion of the band tail states, is closely associated with a high density of dislocations.
Multiwavelength fiber ring laser utilizing a multiple phase-shifts phase-only sampled fiber Bragg grating (2009)

A simple technique to multiply the lasing wavelength in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based fiber ring laser is proposed and demonstrated, which is based on the utilization of a multiple phase-shifts inserted multichannel fiber Bragg grating(FBG).
Development and clinical applications of siRNA-encapsulated lipid nanoparticles in cancer (2014)

Efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer cells after systemic administration poses a significant challenge. While many methods of nucleic acid delivery have been described, encapsulation of siRNA in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) represents the most clinically advanced delivery approach. Currently, there are two siRNA-LNP-based treatments (ALN-VSP and TKM-PLK1) in clinical trials targeting solid tumors, with additional studies ongoing for noncancer diseases. The consensus from these clinical studies is that siRNA-LNP represents safe and potent silencing systems. Improvements in LNP technology through development of more potent and biocompatible ionizable cationic lipids along with targeting lipids to mediate delivery of LNPs specifically to cancer cells are on the horizon. In combination with genomic screening, it is possible that within the next 5 years the pathogenic drivers of individual cancers will be identified and siRNA-based personalized medicines will be formulated to achieve successful treatment of cancer and other genetic diseases.
Unsteady Thick Airfoil Aerodynamics: Experiments, Computation, and Theory (2015)

An experimental, computational and theoretical investigation was carried out to study the aerodynamic loads acting on a relatively thick NACA 0018 airfoil when subjected to pitching and surging, individually and synchronously. Both pre-stall and post-stall angles of attack were considered. Experiments were carried out in a dedicated unsteady wind tunnel, with large surge amplitudes, and airfoil loads were estimated by means of unsteady surface mounted pressure measurements. Theoretical predictions were based on Theodorsen's and Isaacs' results as well as on the relatively recent generalizations of van der Wall. Both two- and three-dimensional computations were performed on structured grids employing unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS). For pure surging at pre-stall angles of attack, the correspondence between experiments and theory was satisfactory; this served as a validation of Isaacs theory. Discrepancies were traced to dynamic trailing-edge separation, even at low angles of attack. Excellent correspondence was found between experiments and theory for airfoil pitching as well as combined pitching and surging; the latter appears to be the first clear validation of van der Wall's theoretical results. Although qualitatively similar to experiment at low angles of attack, two-dimensional URANS computations yielded notable errors in the unsteady load effects of pitching, surging and their synchronous combination. The main reason is believed to be that the URANS equations do not resolve wake vorticity (explicitly modeled in the theory) or the resulting rolled-up un- steady flow structures because high values of eddy viscosity tend to \smear the wake. At post-stall angles, three-dimensional computations illustrated the importance of modeling the tunnel side walls.
Register traffic analysis for streamlining inter-operation communication in fine-grain parallel processors (1992)

Traditionally, register files have been the primary agent for inter-operation communication in load/store architectures. As processors start issuing multiple instructions per cycle, a centralized register file can easily become a bottleneck. This paper analyzes the register file traffic in a l&d/store architecture with a view to motivate the development of alternate inter-operation communication mechanisms that reduce the bandwidth demanded of a centralized register file.
Gas chromatography/trace analysis of derivatized azelaic acid as a stability marker (2013)

Azelaic acid, a naturally occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid, is found in many topical formulations for its various medical benefits or as a byproduct of the oxidative decomposition of unsaturated fatty acids. The poor volatility of azelaic acid hinders its applicability in GC analysis. Therefore, azelaic acid was derivatized by methylation and silylation procedures to enhance its volatility for GC analysis. Accordingly, dimethyl azelate (DMA) and di(trimethylsilyl) azelate were synthesized and characterized by GC-MS. Subsequently, a GC with flame ionization detection method was developed and validated to analyze trace amounts of azelaic acid in some marketed skin creams. Unlike DMA, di(trimethylsilyl) azelate was chemically unstable and degraded within few hours. Nonane was used as a stable internal standard. Variability due to derivatization and extraction was controlled by a standard addition procedure. DMA analysis was linear in a wide concentration range (100 ng/mL to 100 mg/mL). Moreover, the method was accurate (96.4-103.4%) and precise with inter- and intraday variability <2.0% and LOQ and LOD of 100 and 10 ng/mL, respectively.
Expression of the somatostatin gene in human astrocytoma cell lines (1996)

Somatostatin (somatotropin release-inhibiting hormone; SRIH) has been demonstrated in neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) as well as in endocrine cells of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and can suppress various immune functions including lymphocyte proliferation, immunoglobulin synthesis, and cytokine production. Since astrocytes possess antigen-presenting activity and can secrete a wide array of immunoregulatory and inflammatory cytokines, we studied SRIH gene expression in both astrocyte cell lines and mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from healthy donors. We now report by means of a complementary DNA-based reverse transcription PCR that differential levels of SRIH mRNA were expressed in 9 of 11 human astrocytoma cell lines tested but were undetectable in activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes as well as in a variety of human lymphocyte and monocyte cell lines. The synthesis and secretion of SRIH protein by astrocytoma cells that expressed SRIH transcripts were confirmed by specific radioimmunoassay of cell culture fluids. These findings support the notion that SRIH gene expression occurs in human astrocytoma cells but not in mature lymphoid cells of the immune system.
Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Polar Substrates in Inverted Supercritical CO2/Aqueous Biphasic Media. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Role of Stress Proteins in Prostate Cancer (2007)

The development of therapeutic resistance, after hormone or chemotherapy for example, is the underlying basis for most cancer deaths. Exposure to anticancer therapies induces expression of many stress related proteins, including small heat shock proteins (HSPs). HSPs interact with various client proteins to assist in their folding and enhance the cellular recovery from stress, thus restoring protein homeostasis and promoting cell survival. The vents of cell stress and cell death are linked, as the induction of molecular chaperones appears to function at key regulatory points in the control of apoptosis. On the basis of these observations and on the role of molecular chaperones in the regulation of steroid receptors, kinases, caspases, and other protein remodelling events involved in chromosome replication and changes in cell structure, it is not surprising that molecular chaperones have been implicated in the control of cell growth and in resistance to various anticancer treatments that induce apoptosis. Recently, several molecular chaperones such as Clusterin and HSP27 have been reported to be involved in development and progression of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. In this review, we address some of the molecular and cellular events initiated by treatment induced stress, and discuss the potential role of chaperone proteins as targets for prostate cancer treatment.
Rapid and Detergent-Free Decellularization of Cartilage (2020)

The use of decellularized tissues or organs as cell culture scaffolds has proven to be a promising approach for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, as these decellularized tissues can provide the instructive niche for cell differentiation and functions. Cartilage is a largely avascular tissue with limited regenerative capacity. Lesions caused by arthritis can lead to severe cartilage degeneration. Previous studies have indicated that decellularized cartilage can be used as scaffolds that support the chondrogenic differentiation of adult stem cells. However, these decellularization protocols all require the use of denaturing agents, such as high salt and detergents, that lead to the artifactual disruption of the chemical and physical integrity of the tissue microenvironment. Here, we established a new decellularization method for cartilage, through a combined effect of freezing-thawing, sectioning, and sonication in water. This protocol achieved the complete removal of cells within minutes, instead of hours or days required by existing procedures, and does not use any detergent. The resulting decellularized cartilage preserved the native ultrastructure and biochemical contents, including glycosaminoglycans, which is typically depleted by traditional decellularization methods. Human mesenchymal stem cells could readily adhere onto the decellularized cartilage. Together, this work unveils a simple new method for decellularizing cartilage, which will be useful in studying how tissue microenvironment supports chondrocyte growth and functions. Impact statement In this study, we develop a simple, fast cartilage decellularization method that does not require any detergent, so that the decellularized cartilage chemistry is preserved. Traditional detergent-based decellularization removes the tissue biochemical contents (i.e., glycosaminoglycans). In this new water decellularization protocol, the biochemical contents of cartilage can be preserved. This allows the study of biochemistry and physical content in extracellular matrix as a whole, and this protocol would definitely be useful for studying the effect of tissue microenvironment in supporting chondrocyte growth and functions.
Abstract 131: Dynamic Self-regenerating Cartilage Construct For Cartilage Repair In The Hand (2020)

Purpose: Cartilage is avascular with limited capacity for repair and self-regeneration. Articular cartilage lesions in large joints have been successfully treated with autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) with or without a matrix scaffold (e.g., MACI). However, lesions in small joints of the hand and wrist cannot be easily treated with current ACI techniques. dynamic Self-Regenerating Cartilage (dSRC) has been shown successfully engineers contiguous articular cartilage matrix. The purpose of this study was to develop a new strategy that generating new cartilage matrix using dSRC to treat cartilage lesions in the joints of the hand and wrist. Methods: To form the dSRC, 107 freshly harvested autologous swine chondrocytes were placed into a 15-cc polypropylene tube and cultured on a rocker at 40 cycles per minute for 14 days at 37°C. During this time the chondrocytes aggregate and begin to make hyaline cartilage, forming a pellet of dSRC. To evaluate the cartilage formation of dSRC, additional culture was performed for 2, 4, 8, 10, and 12 weeks. Media changes were performed every 3-4 days. All constructs were evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically for cartilage formation, and biomechanical analysis. Results: Photograph showed the dSRC was injectable on week 2 and became thicker and more solid after 2 month and 3 months. After 8 weeks in vitro, dSRC generated contiguous new cartilage matrix, the cell number of week 8 dSRC was significantly decreased, compared to week 2 dSRC that showed hypercellular formation. All dSRC groups demonstrated intense staining with Safranin-O and Toluidine blue stains indicating high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production. Immunohistochemical staining further confirmed that the matrix of dSRC was typical of normal hyaline cartilage, rich in collagen type II and no collagen type I, similar to native cartilage. Aggregate modulus of the 3 month dSRC was ~20% of native cartilage. Results of this study demonstrate that dSRC itself can successfully engineer contiguous articular cartilage matrix in in vitro environments. Conclusion: dSRC demonstrates successful hyaline cartilage formation in all different time points. Such a strategy could be employed to inject or implant dSRC in the smaller joints of hand and wrist to treat cartilage defects or osteoarthritis.
Special Design Topics in Digital Wideband Receivers (2009)

Offering engineers a thorough examination of special, more advanced aspects of digital wideband receiver design, this practical book builds on fundamental resources on the topic, helping you gain a more comprehensive understanding of the subject. This in-depth volume presents a detailed look at a complete receiver design, including the encoder. Moreover, it discusses the detection of exotic signals and provides authoritative guidance on designing receivers used in electronic warfare. From frequency modulation and biphase shifting keys, to parameter encoders in electronic warfare receivers and the use of the simulation and probability density function to predict the false alarm parameter, this book focuses on critical topics and techniques that help you design digital wideband receivers for top performance. The authoritative reference is supported with over 310 illustrations and more than 180 equations.
A phase Ib dose escalation study of JX-594 (TK-vaccinia virus expressing GM-CSF) administered by biweekly intravenous infusion in patients with metastatic, refractory colorectal carcinoma. (2012)

e13044 Background: JX-594 is a recombinant vaccinia virus engineered to selectively replicate in and destroy cancer cells while stimulating a systemic anti-tumor immune response and inducing a reduction in tumor blood perfusion. Preclinical data has demonstrated JX-594 activity is enhanced in cells with up regulation of the EGFR pathway. JX-594 anti-tumor activity in multiple advanced solid tumors has been observed in early stage clinical studies. This study was designed to assess the safety, MTD/MFD, and initial anti-tumor activity of JX-594 administered IV every other week x 4 total treatments in patients with metastatic CRC after failure of standard chemotherapy. Methods: A standard 3+3 dose escalation design was used to enroll patients into three dose levels (10 6 , 10 7 or 3x10 7 pfu/kg) of JX-594 administered IV every 2 weeks x4. Safety was assessed using CTCAEv3.0. Anti-tumor activity was determined based on serial CT scans and CEA measurements. Patient samples were collected for pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Results: Enrollment is ongoing with 8 patients treated at total doses ranging from 5x10 7 to 2x10 9 pfu. Adverse events have generally been limited to grade 1/2, transient flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, headache). No DLT was reported. Three patients in the top two dose levels demonstrated SD on week 4 CT scan with one maintained at week 8. In these same 3 patients, CEA declined by 50% in a single patient while the other 2 had no significant change in CEA. Conclusions: Preliminary data for this dose escalation trial demonstrates JX-594 is well tolerated after 4 IV treatments administered every other week. CEA and CT scan assessment suggest possible efficacy. Enrollment continues and an expansion cohort at the MTD is planned. Updated data is expected at the time of presentation.
Switchable macromolecular systems - From dynamic chemistry to self-healing (Editorial) (2012)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Context-sensitive learning for enhanced audiovisual emotion classification (Extended abstract) (2015)

Human emotional expression tends to evolve in a structured manner in the sense that certain emotional evolution patterns, i.e., anger to anger, are more probable than others, e.g., anger to happiness. Furthermore the perception of an emotional display can be affected by recent emotional displays. Therefore, the emotional content of past and future observations could offer relevant temporal context when classifying the emotional content of an observation. In this work, we focus on audio-visual recognition of the emotional content of improvised emotional interactions at the utterance level. We examine context-sensitive schemes for emotion recognition within a multimodal, hierarchical approach: bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) neural networks, hierarchical Hidden Markov Model classifiers (HMMs) and hybrid HMM/BLSTM classifiers are considered for modeling emotion evolution within an utterance and between utterances over the course of a dialog. Overall, our experimental results indicate that incorporating long-term temporal context is beneficial for emotion recognition systems that encounter a variety of emotional manifestations.