gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acquisition and Representation of Spatio-Temporal Signals in Polychronizing Spiking Neural Networks (2019)

The ability of an intelligent agent to process complex signals such as those found in audio or video depends heavily on the nature of the internal representation of the relevant information. This work explores the mechanisms underlying this process by investigating theories inspired by the function of the neocortex. In particular, we focus on the phenomenon of polychronization, which describes the self-organization in a spiking neural network resulting from the interplay between network structure, driven spiking activity, and synaptic plasticity. What emerges are groups of neurons that exhibit reproducible, time-locked patterns of spiking activity. We propose that this representation is well suited to spatio-temporal signal processing, as it naturally resembles patterns found in real-world signals. We explore the computational properties of this approach and demonstrate the ability of a simple polychronizing network to learn different spatio-temporal signals.
Catalytic Diastereoselective Petasis Reactions (2011)

Multicomponent Petasis reactions: the first diastereoselective Petasis reaction catalyzed by chiral biphenols that enables the synthesis of syn and anti β-amino alcohols in pure form has been developed. The reaction exploits a multicomponent approach that involves boronates, α-hydroxy aldehydes, and amines.
Fast Green's Function Evaluation for Sources and Observers Near Smooth Convex Bodies (2014)

An efficient procedure for the evaluation of the Green's function for a source and multiple observation points near a convex impedance boundary cylinder is presented. The evaluation is performed using non-uniform grids spread along the cylinder's perimeter and regionally tailored for capturing the Green's function's behavior in the line-of-sight and shadow regions. On these grids, the Green's function is assumed to be accurately pre-computed using analytical or numerical techniques. The procedure is demonstrated for the circular case associated with the generalized equivalence integral equation.
SARS-CoV-2 infection mediates differential expression of human endogenous retroviruses and long interspersed nuclear elements (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 promotes an imbalanced host response that underlies the development and severity of COVID-19. Infections with viruses are known to modulate transposable elements (TEs), which can exert downstream effects by modulating host gene expression, innate immune sensing, or activities encoded by their protein products. We investigated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on TE expression using RNA-Seq data from cell lines and from primary patient samples. Using a bioinformatics tool, Telescope, we showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection led to upregulation or downregulation of TE transcripts, a subset of which differed from cells infected with SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV or MERS), influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3). Differential expression of key retroelements specifically identified distinct virus families, such as Coronaviridae, with unique retroelement expression subdividing viral species. Analysis of ChIP-Seq data showed that TEs differentially expressed in SARS-CoV-2 infection were enriched for binding sites for transcription factors involved in immune responses and for pioneer transcription factors. In samples from patients with COVID-19, there was significant TE overexpression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and downregulation in PBMCs. Thus, although the host gene transcriptome is altered by infection with SARS-CoV-2, the retrotranscriptome may contain the most distinctive features of the cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Skin Layer Effects on Adhesion Forces of PVA Brushes and Its Temperature Dependence (2019)

In this study, the adhesion forces between PVA (PolyVinyl Acetal) brushes and solid surfaces were measured directly using a highly responsive load cell. The adhesion forces were compared based on contact time, and the influence of skin layer existence on PVA brush surface was investigated. In addition, the surface temperature dependence of the adhesion forces was also studied. Results showed that the adhesion force increased with increasing surface contact time. For a PMMA surface, significantly large adhesion forces were observed. It was also seen that the adhesion force decreased with increasing temperature. However, by using the present setup, the adhesion forces in all experimental conditions without skin layer brush cases could not be measured.
Novel WDM-PON System with Shared Wavelength Locking and Full C-Band Tunability (2014)

In this article the operation of a novel, prototypical WDM-PON system with bi-directional data rates of up to 10.3 Gb/s is experimentally demonstrated. In the optical line terminal (OLT) a novel photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is deployed integrating an array of tunable lasers with Mach-Zehnder modulators and a star coupler. Wavelength control is achieved by a pilot-tone based scheme with a shared wavelength-locker (etalon). In the optical network unit (ONU) a novel Aluminium-containing laser is used, which has been specially designed for operation between 70°C to 90°C without requiring a thermo-electric cooler (TEC). For reduced cost and complexity the tunable laser is not equipped with an etalon. Instead it employs a generic contol algorithm, which is augmented by a pilot tone based scheme is used for centralized wavelength locking of all channels at the OLT.
Survey of speech coding techniques for digital cellular communication systems (1997)

This paper provides a survey of speech coding techniques currently used in digital cellular communication systems. Speech production and perception are reviewed. General coding structures are presented. The history and recent refinements of a variety of specific speech coding techniques are reviewed, including short term (LPC) prediction and quantization, long term pitch prediction and quantization, and excitation modeling. Finally, the speech coding algorithms currently in use in digital cellular communications are discussed.
The Application of a Concurrent Design Optimization Tool to a Composite Panel for a Naval Ship Structure (1996)

Abstract A prototype concurrent design optimization tool, named CELS for Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, has been developed. This tool can be used to analyze and/or optimize the conceptual design of a composite panel for Naval ship topside structures. CELS integrates five technology modules: (1) electromagnetic interference, (2) radar cross section, (3) structures, (4) cost, and (5) weight. Two optimization methods drive the integration of the technology modules. These methods include: (i) a local optimizer based on feasible sequential quadratic programming, and (ii) a global optimizer based on an exhaustive search. To obtain an objectively balanced design, “goodness” measures are allocated for each objective or constraint function. These measures, via a graphical user interface, allow topside designers to easily and quickly assess the impact of their decisions on various technologies. The utility and capability of CELS are demonstrated via the design of a topside composite panel. The design study shows that CELS can be easily adapted to different topside conceptual design problems, and that design tradeoffs can be performed quickly and used in decision making.
Decreasing online 'bad' behavior (2002)

'Bad' behavior is a serious problem in many online social situations, such as chat rooms. One potential reason is that social norms for 'proper' interpersonal behavior are not invoked in these situations as they are in face-to-face interactions. We describe a game we developed to explore good and bad behavior in computer-mediated situations. We found that increasing the 'social' nature of the interaction through voice communication between game partners decreased aversive behavior, but having profile information about the other person had little impact.
Transceiver-Limited High Spectral Efficiency Nyquist-WDM Systems (2015)

We experimentally examine the maximum achievable transmission performance of a 7 channel Nyquist-WDM system with 10GBd per carrier. Back-to-back, a maximum of 11.9 bit/sym and 13.8 bit/sym can be transmitted for DP-64QAM and DP-256QAM respectively, while after 2 spans of transmission, a maximum of 12.4 bit/sym and 11.6 bit/sym can be achieved.
Cynara biomass and valorization of by products to biofuels and chemicals (2014)

Trabajo presentado en el Workshop on materials and catalysis for clean energy, celebrado en Málaga (España) del 23 al 24 de junio de 2014.
Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable mm-Wave Bow-Tie Array Integrated with PIFA Antenna (2019)

In this paper, a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bow-tie antenna array is proposed to be integrated with a low-frequency Planar Inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) at the top edge of a handset. A layer of grating strips with pin diodes is added between the low and high-frequency antennas to provide reconfigurable radiation patterns. The proposed 5G array is matched from 24-30 GHz and can steer the beam in both configurations with a realized gain higher than 8 dBi in the broadside case, and more than 6 dBi when the radiation pattern is endfire.
Biochronomer™ technology (2005)

Biochronomer (AP Pharma) is a fourth-generation poly(ortho ester) prepared by the condensation of diols and a diketene acetal. The polymer contains a copolymerised latent acid whose concentration controls erosion rate. The polymer has been shown to undergo a surface erosion process and a number of applications have been explored. Among these, the delivery of plasmid DNA for vaccines is currently of most interest. This application takes advantage of the acid-labile nature of the polymer, which leads to rapid polymer hydrolysis and hence rapid release of plasmid DNA once internalised in the acidic environment within the endosomes, and the non-acidic environment within the polymer that conserves plasmid DNA conformation. A low molecular semisolid polymer is now in Phase II clinical trials for the delivery of mepivacaine to control postoperative pain, and in Phase I clinical trials for the systemic delivery of granisetron to control nausea.
Immunohistochemical analysis of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with the monoclonal antibody to follicular center lymphocytes reactive in paraffin sections. (1989)

The monoclonal antibody designated LN-1 was used in an attempt to identify the antigen in follicular center cell lymphomas using tissue sections fixed in formalin. The LN-1 antibody has been shown in previous studies to identify follicular center cells and give reproducible results in tissue fixed in B5. We used the ABC peroxidase technique to examined formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections representing 52 cases of various histologic subgroups of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas based upon the Lukes-Collins classification. Following immunostaining with LN-1 using overnight incubation of the antibody and papain treated sections, 37 cases, and all of the 38 cases previously diagnosed as follicular center cell lymphomas, gave a positive reaction to the LN-1 monoclonal antibody.
Functional abnormality of peripheral CD8 T cells in β5t-deficient mice (47.18) (2012)

Abstract Proteasomes play an important role in the production of peptides presented by MHC class I. The thymoproteasome, which contains β5t catalytic subunit, is expressed specifically in cortical thymic epithelial cells. In β5t-deficient mice, the cellularity of CD8SP thymocytes and peripheral CD8 T cells is significantly decreased and their TCR repertoire is altered as characterized by defective responses to alloantigens and viral infections. In the present study, we functionally characterized CD8 T cells generated in β5t-deficient mice. We found that CD8 T cells in the secondary lymphoid organs of β5t-deficient mice were enriched with CD44hiCD122+ cells, which resemble memory T cells. This phenotypic alteration was not detectable in the thymus and was observed in the periphery of mice older than 1 week after birth, suggesting that CD8 T cells generated in the thymus of β5t-deficient mice are aberrantly maintained in the periphery. Enrichment of memory-like CD8 T cells was also seen in β5t-/-Rag-/-OT-I mice. In addition, CD44loCD122- cells obtained from β5t-/-Rag-/-OT-I mice showed enhanced proliferative responses to antigen stimulations. These results suggest that the thymoproteasome-dependent positive selection affects not only TCR repertoire but also functions of CD8 T cells, including the antigen reactivity and the homeostatic capability.
Aging of 1,ω-Alkyldithiol Interlinked Au Nanoparticle Networks (2009)

To identify the aging processes during long-term storage under different storage conditions, we investigated the composition of films comprising gold nanoparticles interlinked with 1,9-nonanedithiol and 1,16-hexadecanedithiol during a 44 month period using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, we compared the initial structure and sensing properties toward toluene, 1-propanol, water, and hydrogen sulfide with the morphology and sensitivity after storage. Films stored under ambient conditions showed oxidation of sulfur and carbon and appearance of nitrogen, a significant loss of sulfur and the formation of larger particles in the film. The chemical selectivity of these films changed toward hydrophilic vapors and they became sensitive toward hydrogen sulfide. This is explained by the reaction of the thiol groups with ozone from the air, which destabilizes the network and significantly influences the particle/organic interface acting as sorption sites for gases. For films stored under argon only, an increase in free thiol groups in conjunction with a structural rearrangement of the film was observed. The selectivity of these films changed slightly toward hydrophilic analytes but they were still insensitive toward hydrogen sulfide.
Triggered Scheduling: Efficient Detection of Dataflow Network Idleness on Heterogeneous Systems (2021)

Hardware-software codesign for FPGAs requires flexible and changeable boundaries between hardware and software. Design space exploration is facilitated by expressing programs in a language that can be compiled for both CPU and FPGA execution. Such an approach requires efficient and general communication mechanisms between hardware and software. We present a practical solution to this problem for heterogeneous programs expressed in CAL, an actor based language running on a PCIe-based FPGA system where communication between a processor and FPGA is relatively expensive. We show how a network of continuously executing software and hardware actors with fine-grained communication can be expressed as a coprocessor model that executes the network in discrete steps with efficient coarse-grained transfers across the PCIe bus.
Magnetization transfer modes in scalar-coupled spin systems investigated by selective two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance exchange experiments (1990)

Longitudinal nuclear magnetic relaxation in coupled two-spin systems is discussed in terms of magnetization transfer modes, a generalization of the magnetization modes commonly used in the discussion of one-dimensional NMR relaxation experiments. The symmetry properties of the transfer modes and their relationship to the elements of the usual Redfield relaxation matrix are discussed. Experimental strategies for measuring the amplitudes of the transfer modes are discussed and various selective two-dimensional exchange (‘‘soft-NOESY’’) methods are proposed. Experimental data are presented for Exifone, a small organic molecule, and the auto- and cross-correlation spectral densities, the magnitudes of the proton chemical shift anisotropies, and the strengths of the dipolar interaction are derived from the spectra.
Liquid Crystal-Based Emulsions for Synthesis of Spherical and Non-Spherical Particles with Chemical Patches (2013)

We report the use of liquid crystal (LC)-in-water emulsions for the synthesis of either spherical or non-spherical particles with chemically distinct domains located at the poles of the particles. The approach involves the localization of solid colloids at topological defects that form predictably at surfaces of water-dispersed LC droplets. By polymerizing the LC droplets displaying the colloids at their surface defects, we demonstrate formation of both spherical and, upon extraction of the mesogen, anisotropic composite particles with colloids located at either one or both of the poles. Because the colloids protrude from the surfaces of the particles, they also define organized, chemical patches with functionality controlled by the colloid surface.
Figure S6 from Extracellular-Regulated Protein Kinase 5-Mediated Control of p21 Expression Promotes Macrophage Proliferation Associated with Tumor Growth and Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;These supplementary data show that myeloid ERK5 deficiency reduces the number of proliferating macrophages in carcinoma grafts.&lt;/p&gt;
Plasma cells are enriched in localized prostate cancer in Black men and are associated with improved outcomes (2021)

Black men die more often of prostate cancer yet, interestingly, may derive greater survival benefits from immune-based treatment with sipuleucel-T. Since no signatures of immune-responsiveness exist for prostate cancer, we explored race-based immune-profiles to identify vulnerabilities. Here we show in multiple independent cohorts comprised of over 1,300 patient samples annotated with either self-identified race or genetic ancestry, prostate tumors from Black men or men of African ancestry have increases in plasma cell infiltrate and augmented markers of NK cell activity and IgG expression. These findings are associated with improved recurrence-free survival following surgery and nominate plasma cells as drivers of prostate cancer immune-responsiveness.
Resistive random access memory with high selectivity and ON/OFF ratio amplification sensing (2015)

The suppression of sneak paths in a cross-point RRAM array, one of the most challenging tasks in high density RRAM integration, has been successfully demonstrated by utilizing a Field Assisted Superlinear Threshold (FAST) selector (1, 2). The FAST selector provides a volatile switching behavior at the critical electric field. Excellent selector performance is presented, including high selectivity of > 107, sharp switching slope of <;5mV/dec, and large endurance of > 1011. Furthermore, the volatile switch based selector offers various benefits such as small operation voltage overhead in the 1S1R (1 selector 1 resistor) integration, large sensing margin and increased memory ON/OFF ratio.
Memory-Efficient Gaussian Fitting for Depth Images in Real Time (2022)

Computing consumes a significant portion of energy in many robotics applications, especially the ones involving energy-constrained robots. In addition, memory access accounts for a significant portion of the computing energy. For mapping a 3D environment, prior approaches reduce the map size while incurring a large memory overhead used for storing sensor measurements and temporary variables during computation. In this work, we present a memory-efficient algorithm, named Single-Pass Gaussian Fitting (SPGF), that accurately constructs a compact Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) which approximates measurements from a depthmap generated from a depth camera. By incrementally constructing the GMM one pixel at a time in a single pass through the depthmap, SPGF achieves higher throughput and orders-of-magnitude lower memory overhead than prior multipass approaches. By processing the depthmap row-by-row, SPGF exploits intrinsic properties of the camera to efficiently and accurately infer surface geometries, which leads to higher precision than prior approaches while maintaining the same compactness of the GMM. Using a low-power ARM Cortex-A57 CPU on the NVIDIA Jetson TX2 platform, SPGF operates at 32fps, requires 43KB of memory overhead, and consumes only 0.11J per frame (depthmap). Thus, SPGF enables real-time mapping of large 3D environments on energy-constrained robots.
<title>Stent detection for presentation by overlay in injected x-ray cardiac images</title> (2001)

Coronary stenting is now a widely - used technique for the treatment of stenosis of coronary arteries. One of the main difficulties for the interventionists is the difficulty of locating the dilated stent in the image and controlling its accurate positioning with respect to the lesion. Indeed, the stent is less contrasted than injected vessels and can hardly be located in the injected frames. We propose to help them by identifying the stent in the non-injected frames and then showing it by overlay in the injected frames. Physicians can then more easily appreciate the relative positioning of the stent and the pathology. For the detection task, the performance of our algorithm varies around 80% with a standard deviation about 10%. This result has been obtained with more than 20 series. Each of them includes about 20 non-injected frames acquired on a LC+ system. At least one stent is present in these series. Our database includes stents whose radio opacity varies in a large range. With our non optimized implementation, time computation for a 512*512 image is about 20 seconds. This work is a first step in the use of image processing techniques for the segmentation of the prothesis that are routinely used by interventionists. By locating them in the image, the x-ray imaging system will be able to provide a better display of them.
A kerion celsi caused by Microsporum gypseum: unusual direct mycological examination (2006)

A case of kerion celsi caused by Microsporum gypseum is documented. The patient was a 6-year-old girl with a 2-cm purulent lesion on the scalp. Direct mycological examination of the hair showed hyphae with extremely numerous spindle-shaped macrospores. The species identification was confirmed by 28S ribosomal DNA sequencing. The presence of numerous macrospores is unusual in direct mycological examination, but could be an indication for M. gypseum.
The Effect of Emerging Traffic Patterns on High Speed Wireless LANs (2015)

As average packet sizes in wireless networks shrink and data rates increase, the fundamental CSMA mechanism in the 802.11 protocol family is put under stress. With the emerging 802.11ax standard, the carrier sensing mechanism is lowering the efficiency of the protocol to the level of random access (ALOHA), and as future-generation 802.11 standards emerge, CSMA-based protocols will fall below this level. In this paper we make two main contributions to the literature. First, we will extend previous analysis to examine more closely the quality of the information obtained from channel sensing, in particular the probability of this information being incorrect and the correlation between true and sensed channel state. Second, we examine how to use this analysis to improve existing CSMA-based protocols, in particular the 802.11 protocol family.