gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antidelaminating, Thermally Stable, and Cost-Effective Flexible Kapton Platforms for Nitrate Sensors, Mercury Aptasensors, Protein Sensors, and p-Type Organic Thin-Film Transistors (2021)

The inkjet printing of metal electrodes on polymer films is a desirable manufacturing process due to its simplicity but is limited by the lack of thermal stability and serious delaminating flaws in various aqueous and organic solutions. Kapton, adopted worldwide due to its superior thermal durability, allows the high-temperature sintering of nanoparticle-based metal inks. By carefully selecting inks (Ag and Au) and Kapton substrates (Kapton HN films with a thickness of 135 μm and a thermal resistance of up to 400 °C) with optimal printing parameters and simplified post-treatments (sintering), outstanding film integrity, thermal stability, and antidelaminating features were obtained in both aqueous and organic solutions without any pretreatment strategy (surface modification). These films were applied in four novel devices: a solid-state ion-selective (IS) nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) sensor, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-based mercury (Hg<sup>2+</sup>) aptasensor, a low-cost protein printed circuit board (PCB) sensor, and a long-lasting organic thin-film transistor (OTFT). The IS NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> sensor displayed a linear sensitivity range between 10<sup>-4.5</sup> and 10<sup>-1</sup> M (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9912), with a limit of detection of 2 ppm for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>. The Hg<sup>2+</sup> sensor exhibited a linear correlation (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.8806) between the change in the transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub>CT</sub>) and the increasing concentration of Hg<sup>2+</sup>. The protein PCB sensor provided a label-free method for protein detection. Finally, the OTFT demonstrated stable performance, with mobility values in the linear (μ<sub>lin</sub>) and saturation (μ<sub>sat</sub>) regimes of 0.0083 ± 0.0026 and 0.0237 ± 0.0079 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> S<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and a threshold voltage (<i>V</i><sub>th</sub>) of -6.75 ± 3.89 V.
Sequence‐independent processing site of the C‐terminal domain (CTD) influences maturation of the RgpB protease from Porphyromonas gingivalis (2013)

The Gram-negative periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis produces a family of outer membrane-anchored proteases, the gingipains, shown to play an essential role in virulence of the organism. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of gingipains and other secreted proteins is known to be the targeting signal for maturation and translocation of the protein through the outer membrane. The CTD is subsequently cleaved during the secretion process. Multiple alignment of various CTDs failed to define a consensus sequence at the putative CTD processing site. Using mutagenesis, we were able to show that cleavage at the site is not dependent on a specific residue and that recognition of the site is independent of local sequence. Interestingly, length of the junction between the CTD and adjacent Ig-like subdomain has a critical influence on post-translational glycan modification of the protein, whereby insertion of additional residues immediately N-terminal to the cleavage site results in failure of glycan modification and release of soluble protease into the culture medium. Various hypotheses are presented to explain these phenomena. Knowledge of the role CTDs play in maturation of gingipains has broader application for understanding maturation of CTD homologues expressed by bacteria of the Bacteriodetes phylum.
Distributed Medium Access Control Strategies for MIMO Underwater Acoustic Networking (2011)

The requirements of multimedia underwater monitoring applications with heterogeneous traffic demands in terms of bandwidth and end-to-end reliability are considered in this article. To address these requirements, a new medium access control protocol named UMIMO-MAC is proposed. UMIMO-MAC is designed to i) adaptively leverage the tradeoff between multiplexing and diversity gain according to channel conditions and application requirements, ii) select suitable transmit power to reduce energy consumption, and iii) efficiently exploit the UW channel, minimizing the impact of the long propagation delay on the channel utilization efficiency. To achieve the objectives above, UMIMO-MAC is based on a two-way handshake protocol. Multiple access by simultaneous and co-located transmissions is achieved by using different pseudo-orthogonal spreading codes. An algorithm is proposed that, in a cross-layer fashion, jointly selects optimal transmit power and transmission mode through the cooperation of transmitter and receiver to achieve the desired level of reliability and data rate according to application needs and channel condition. Extensive simulation results show that UMIMO-MAC increases network throughput, decreases channel access delay, and decrease energy consumption compared with existing MAC protocols for UW-ASNs.
Reducing Impact of Phase Noise on Accuracy of Measured MIMO Channel Capacity (2007)

Despite the fact that time-division multiplexed switching (TDMS) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channel sounders are cost effective implementation techniques, they may result in significant measurement errors due to phase noise (PN) in the local oscillators. In this paper the impact of PN on the accuracy of measured MIMO channel capacity is studied by considering its effect on both the spatial multiplexing gain and on the power gain. We show that in case of a low rank physical channel matrix the PN impact is more pronounced on the spatial multiplexing gain than on the power gain. Based on that we propose an eigenvalue filtering (EVF) technique to improve the accuracy of measured channel capacity. Numerical results supporting our theoretical observations are presented.
Exploration of Generalized Residual Prediction in scalable HEVC (2013)

After having issued the version 1 of the new video coding standard HEVC, ISO-MPEG and ITU-T VCEG groups are specifying its scalable extension. The candidate schemes are based on a multi-layer multi-loop coding framework, exploiting inter-layer texture and motion prediction and full base layer picture decoding. Several inter-layer prediction tools have been explored, implemented either using high-level syntax or block-level core HEVC design changes. One of these tools, Generalized Residual Prediction (GRP), has been extensively studied during several meeting cycles. It is based on second order residual prediction, exploiting motion compensation prediction residual in the base layer. This paper is focused on this new mode. The principle of GRP is described with an analysis of several implementation variants completed by a complexity analysis. Performance of these different implementations is provided, showing that noticeable gains can be obtained without significant complexity increase compared to a simple scalable design comprising only texture and motion inter-layer prediction.
Free space quantum key distribution over 10 km in daylight and at night (2002)

We have demonstrated quantum key distribution (QKD) over a 10-km, 1-airmass atmospheric range during daylight and at night. Secret random bit sequences of the quality required for the cryptographic keys used to initialize secure communications devices were transferred at practical rates with realistic security. We infer from these results that free-space QKD will be practical over much longer ranges under these and other atmospheric and instrumental conditions.
Digit-serial design of a wave digital filter (2003)

A digit-serial design of a third order wave digital filter using a mixture of static and TSPC logic styles is presented. A fixed-coefficient digit-serial multiplier has been developed and used in the design. The design offers a small area, large density, and low power consumption comparing with previously published results. Digit-serial computation style is discussed and different computational styles are compared with regard to area, speed, and power consumption.
Associations with photoreceptor thickness measures in the UK Biobank (2019)

Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) provides high resolution images enabling identification of individual retinal layers. We included 32,923 participants aged 40-69 years old from UK Biobank. Questionnaires, physical examination, and eye examination including SD-OCT imaging were performed. SD OCT measured photoreceptor layer thickness includes photoreceptor layer thickness: inner nuclear layer-retinal pigment epithelium (INL-RPE) and the specific sublayers of the photoreceptor: inner nuclear layer-external limiting membrane (INL-ELM); external limiting membrane-inner segment outer segment (ELM-ISOS); and inner segment outer segment-retinal pigment epithelium (ISOS-RPE). In multivariate regression models, the total average INL-RPE was observed to be thinner in older aged, females, Black ethnicity, smokers, participants with higher systolic blood pressure, more negative refractive error, lower IOPcc and lower corneal hysteresis. The overall INL-ELM, ELM-ISOS and ISOS-RPE thickness was significantly associated with sex and race. Total average of INL-ELM thickness was additionally associated with age and refractive error, while ELM-ISOS was additionally associated with age, smoking status, SBP and refractive error; and ISOS-RPE was additionally associated with smoking status, IOPcc and corneal hysteresis. Hence, we found novel associations of ethnicity, smoking, systolic blood pressure, refraction, IOP<sub>cc</sub> and corneal hysteresis with photoreceptor thickness.
Dual slot modulator for millimeter wave photonics (2014)

Silicon slot waveguides leverage the field enhancement provided by the continuity of normal electric flux density across a dielectric boundary to confine an optical mode to a void between two proximal silicon strips. Silicon-organic hybrid slot modulators make use of this mode profile by infiltrating the slot region with a non-linear organic electro-optic material (OEOM) for modulation. The dual slot modulator takes this idea a step further by similarly confining a propagating RF mode to the same slot region to increase modal overlap for improved modulation efficiency. This effect is achieved by aligning a titanium dioxide RF slot along a conventional silicon slot waveguide. The TiO<sub>2</sub> has an optical refractive index lower than silicon, but a significantly higher index in the RF regime. As a result of the large modal overlap and high electro-optic activity of the OEOM this design can produce measured phase modulated V<sub>&pi;</sub>L of less than 1.40 V&bull;cm. Furthermore, as the modulator operates without the introduction of a doping scheme it can potentially realize high operational bandwidth and low loss. We present work towards achieving various working prototypes of the proposed device and progress towards high frequency operation.
Pyridinium‐Ionen in Nachbarschaft zu Oxiranringen: nützliche Zwischenstufen zur stereospezifischen Synthese von β‐Hydroxyketonen (1996)

α,β‐Epoxytriflate wie das Epoxytriflatpyranosid 1 lassen sich in einer Eintopfreaktion nach Umsetzung mil Pyridin unter Öffnung des Epoxyrings zu N ‐Vinylpyridiniumderivaten (z.B. 2 ) umlagern, welche nach Reduktion mit NaBH 4 und saurer Hydrolyse β‐Hydroxyketone liefern. Mit dem allgemein anwendbaren Verfahren lassen sich z.B. leicht zugängliche Epoxypyranosen in hoher Ausbeute in Desoxyketozucker wie 3 überführen. magnified image
Scaling of Film Cooling Discharge Coefficient Measurements to Engine Conditions (1998)

This paper discusses the need and the procedure for scaling discharge coefficient measurements made in an ambient temperature experiment to render them applicable to the engine situation. Among the dimensionless parameters affecting the discharge coefficients of film cooling holes are the Reynolds number and the coolant Mach number. Experiments have been conducted in a large scale annular blowdown cascade of film cooled nozzle guide vanes. The coolant system design, using a heavy ‘foreign gas’ (an SF6/Ar mixture) at ambient temperatures, allows the coolant-to-mainstream density ratio and blowing parameters to be matched to engine values. By using elevated pressure tests, the effect of varying the coolant Reynolds number without external flow is observed experimentally and these results are then used to correct the discharge coefficients measured on the vane with external crossflow. Data is presented and discussed for two cooling hole geometries, namely cylindrical and fanshaped holes.
Planar roof surface segmentation using 3D vision (2011)

Internet search has initially been a strong driving force for the rapid emergence of 3D building models of large urban areas. Additionally, many commercial and governmental initiatives have been started to develop urban 3D geographic information systems in a transition from the classical 2D- to the novel 3D-GIS. The modeling of building roofs is thus a relevant research topic. The focus has been on the use of aerial LiDAR point clouds (Light Detection And Ranging). However, recent progress in digital aerial cameras has rendered possible the acquisition of very dense point clouds from high overlap digital aerial imagery, and to use these point clouds jointly with the image information to generate 3D building models.
Haematopoietic prolyl hydroxylase‐1 deficiency promotes M2 macrophage polarization and is both necessary and sufficient to protect against experimental colitis (2016)

Abstract Prolyl hydroxylase domain‐containing proteins (PHDs) regulate the adaptation of cells to hypoxia. Pan‐hydroxylase inhibition is protective in experimental colitis, in which PHD1 plays a prominent role. However, it is currently unknown how PHD1 targeting regulates this protection and which cell type(s) are involved. Here, we demonstrated that Phd1 deletion in endothelial and haematopoietic cells ( Phd1 f/ f Tie2:cre) protected mice from dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis, with reduced epithelial erosions, immune cell infiltration, and colonic microvascular dysfunction, whereas the response of Phd2 f/+ Tie2:cre and Phd3 f/ f Tie2:cre mice to DSS was similar to that of their littermate controls. Using bone marrow chimeras and cell‐specific cre mice, we demonstrated that ablation of Phd1 in haematopoietic cells but not in endothelial cells was both necessary and sufficient to inhibit experimental colitis. This effect relied, at least in part, on skewing of Phd1 ‐deficient bone marrow‐derived macrophages towards an anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. These cells showed an attenuated nuclear factor‐κB‐dependent response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which in turn diminished endothelial chemokine expression. In addition, Phd1 deficiency in dendritic cells significantly reduced interleukin‐1β production in response to LPS. Taken together, our results further support the development of selective PHD1 inhibitors for ulcerative colitis, and identify haematopoietic cells as their primary target. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The lymphatic ring assay: a new in vitro model of lymphangiogenesis (2006)

peer reviewed
Computational modeling and analysis of thoracolumbar spine fractures in frontal crash reconstruction (2018)

This study provided a computational framework for assessing thoracolumbar fractures and also quantified the effect of precrash driver posture on thoracolumbar response. Results aid in the evaluation of motor vehicle crash-induced vertebral fractures and the understanding of factors contributing to fracture risk.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(0)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Terminal Diynes for the Synthesis of Substituted Cyclooctatetraenes. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Scope of Asymmetric Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions with Oppolzer′ s Chiral Sultam. Total Syntheses of (+)‐Hepialone, (1R,3R,5S)‐(‐)‐1,3‐ Dimethyl‐2,9‐dioxabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane, and (1S)‐(‐)‐7,7‐Dimethyl‐6,8‐ dioxabicyclo(3.2.1)octane. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Three-dimensional genome architecture persists in a 52,000-year-old woolly mammoth skin sample (2023)

Abstract Ancient DNA (aDNA) sequencing analysis typically involves alignment to a modern reference genome assembly from a related species. Since aDNA molecules are fragmentary, these alignments yield information about small-scale differences, but provide no information about larger features such as the chromosome structure of ancient species. We report the genome assembly of a female Late Pleistocene woolly mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius ) with twenty-eight chromosome-length scaffolds, generated using mammoth skin preserved in permafrost for roughly 52,000 years. We began by creating a modified Hi-C protocol, dubbed PaleoHi-C, optimized for ancient samples, and using it to map chromatin contacts in a woolly mammoth. Next, we developed “reference-assisted 3D genome assembly,” which begins with a reference genome assembly from a related species, and uses Hi-C and DNA-Seq data from a target species to split, order, orient, and correct sequences on the basis of their 3D proximity, yielding accurate chromosome-length scaffolds for the target species. By means of this reference-assisted 3D genome assembly, PaleoHi-C data reveals the 3D architecture of a woolly mammoth genome, including chromosome territories, compartments, domains, and loops. The active (A) and inactive (B) genome compartments in mammoth skin more closely resemble those observed in Asian elephant skin than the compartmentalization patterns seen in other Asian elephant tissues. Differences in compartmentalization between these skin samples reveal sequences whose transcription was potentially altered in mammoth. We observe a tetradic structure for the inactive X chromosome in mammoth, distinct from the bipartite architecture seen in human and mouse. Generating chromosome-length genome assemblies for two other elephantids (Asian and African elephant), we find that the overall karyotype, and this tetradic Xi structure, are conserved throughout the clade. These results illustrate that cell-type specific epigenetic information can be preserved in ancient samples, in the form of DNA geometry, and that it may be feasible to perform de novo genome assembly of some extinct species.
Memory Protection with Dynamic Authentication Trees (2022)

As embedded devices increase in use and handle more critical information and functionalities, the importance of security grows even greater. Defense against bus attacks such as spoofing, splicing, and replay attacks is of particular concern. Traditional memory authentication techniques, such as hashes and message authentication codes, require significant amounts of on-chip memory and introduce a large performance impact when protecting off-chip memory during run-time. Balanced authentication trees such as the well-known Merkle tree or TEC-Tree can be used to reduce this cost. This work proposes a new method of dynamic authentication trees, which updates a tree structure based on a processor's memory access pattern. An HDL model for use in an FPGA has been developed as a transparent and highly customizable AXI-4 memory controller. The performance of our tree design is comparable to that of the TEC- Tree in several memory access patterns. Speedup over the TEC- Tree is possible to achieve when applied in scenarios that frequently access previously processed data.
Microwave Doppler Charge Velocimetry for Narrow and Wide Bandgap Semiconductors (2019)

Characterization of vertical transport in semiconductor heterostructures is extremely difficult and often impractical. Measurements that are relatively straight forward in lateral transport using Hall methods, such as quantifying carrier density or mobility, have no analog in conventional vertical devices. Doppler charge velocimetry may provide an alternative approach to obtaining transport information. We hypothesize that we can drive vertical currents in structures like heterojunction bipolar transistors or nBn detectors, illuminate them with microwaves, and directly measure the carrier velocities through Doppler shifts imparted on the reflected microwave signal. Some challenges involve providing optical injection and working in the vertical geometry required to extract the desired information. While progress was made to this end, experiments have not yet proved successful. Implications for infrared material characterization are summarized at the end of this document.
Flexible-Routing Anonymous Networks Using Optimal Length of Ciphertext (2005)

SUMMARY We present an efficient Hybrid Mix scheme that provides both routing flexibility and the optimal length of ciphertext. Although it is rather easy to embed routing information in the ciphertext, and a scheme that provides the optimal length of ciphertext is already known, it is not a trivial task to achieve both properties all at the same time. A critical obstacle for providing the optimal length of ciphertext is the session-key encapsulation header in a ciphertext that carries the encrypted session-key to each router, which linearly increases according to the number of intermediate routers. We solve this problem by improving the previously reported Hybrid Mix scheme such that the resulting scheme benefits from routing flexibility with a constant length of such headers. Our basic scheme is only secure against honest, but curious intermediate routers. Therefore, we further address the robustness issue to prevent malicious behavior by incorporating and improving an existing efficient approach based on the Message
Load balance in total knee arthroplasty: an in vitro analysis (2006)

Conventional load balancing techniques in TKA are not perfect.
Transduction of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Lentiviral Vectors Pseudotyped with the RD114-TR Chimeric Envelope Glycoprotein (2007)

Lentiviral vectors are efficiently pseudotyped with RD114-TR, a chimeric envelope glycoprotein made of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the feline leukemia virus RD114 and the cytoplasmic tail of the murine leukemia virus amphotropic envelope. RD114-TR-pseudotyped vectors may be concentrated by centrifugation, are resistant to complement inactivation, and are suitable for both ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy applications. We analyzed RD114-TR-pseudotyped, HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors for their ability to transduce human cord blood, bone marrow, and peripheral blood mobilized CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Transduction efficiency was analyzed in CD34(+) cells in liquid culture, in CD34(+) clonogenic progenitors in semisolid culture, and in CD34(+) repopulating stem cells after xenotransplantation in NOD-SCID mice. Compared with a standard VSV-G-based packaging system, RD114-TR-pseudotyped particles transduced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells at lower multiplicity of infection, with lower toxicity and less pseudo-transduction at comparable vector copy number per genome. Potential changes in the CD34(+) cell transcription profile and phenotype on transduction with RD114-TR-pseudotyped vectors was comparatively investigated by microarray analysis. Our study shows that the biology of repopulating hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny is not affected by transduction with RD114-TR-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors. RD114-TR is compatible with the development of lentiviral stable packaging cell lines, and may become the envelope of choice for clinical studies aiming at safe and efficient genetic modification of human hematopoietic stem cells.