gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Febrile Neutropenia and Bacteremia after High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients Treated Inpatient Versus Outpatient (2020)

IntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) is the most common indication for high dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). In addition, patients with immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (AL), a related plasma cell disorder, often benefit from ASCT. Objectives: We aimed to compare baseline demographics, peri-transplant mortality, and the incidence of febrile neutropenia and bacteremia between an outpatient transplant cohort at one institution and an inpatient cohort at a second institution.MethodsWe performed a two-center retrospective chart review of all patients with plasma cell disorders undergoing ASCT between January 2014 and December 2018. All patients at transplant center A. were managed in the outpatient setting unless admission was necessary for febrile neutropenia, gastrointestinal toxicity, cardiac complications, or other adverse events. All patients at transplant center B were managed in the inpatient setting from conditioning regimen to engraftment post transplant.ResultsA total of 183 patients were included (103 outpatients vs 80 inpatients). There were no significant demographic differences between cohorts [Table 1]. The outpatient cohort (transplant center A) had a higher proportion of patients with AL amyloidosis (61% vs 38%), and a higher proportion of patients who received full high-dose melphalan at 200 mg/m2. Within the outpatient cohort, 48/103 (47%) patients were admitted for febrile neutropenia and 39/103 (38%) required admission for other reasons post-transplant. There were no differences in the incidence of febrile neutropenia or peritransplant mortality between cohorts [Table 1]. However, the incidence of bacteremia was higher in the outpatient cohort (23.3% vs 8.8%, p <0.01) with a high burden of gram negative bacteremia [Table 2]. Gastrointestinal toxicity of any grade occurred in a higher proportion of patients in the outpatient cohort (97% versus 79%).ConclusionIn this contemporary two-center cohort of patients undergoing ASCT, there is no difference in 100-day mortality or incidence of febrile neutropenia between inpatient versus outpatient protocols. In addition, we demonstrate that outpatient transplant is a safe option for patients with AL amyloidosis. Prior studies comparing inpatient versus outpatient ASCT have been single-center studies, in which younger patients or those with fewer comorbidities were selected for outpatient transplant. The increased incidence of gram negative bacteremia in the outpatient cohort is in keeping with at least one prior single-center study, and is associated with a higher incidence of regimen-related gastrointestinal toxicity. Ongoing analysis will explore the impact of induction therapy prior to ASCT and gastrointestinal toxicity grading (correlated with melphalan dosing) on the incidence of bacteremia.
A sensitive ac magnetometer using a resonant excitation coil for characterization of magnetic fluid in nonlinear magnetization region (2018)

In order to tailor magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for intended applications, it is important to unravel their dynamics with respect to excitation magnetic field. In this work, we report on the development of a sensitive AC magnetometer using a resonant excitation coil for this purpose. The excitation coil fabricated from a Litz wire is connected to a capacitor network to effectively reduce the impedance of the circuit. The high efficiency showed by the excitation coil enables investigation of MNP’s dynamics in the nonlinear magnetization region. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the developed system by measuring the harmonics of a multicore iron oxide nanoparticle solution down to 300 ng/ml of iron concentration. We experimentally show that the first harmonic component is not completely ‘transparent’ to the diamagnetic background of the carrier liquid compared to the higher harmonics. We also demonstrate the complex magnetization measurement of the iron oxide nanoparticles in solution and dry states from 3 Hz to 18 kHz. A highly sensitive exploration of MNPs’ dynamics can be expected using the developed AC magnetometer.
Measurement of the transverse momentum spectrum of the Higgs boson produced in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV using H → WW decays (2017)

The cross section for Higgs boson production in pp collisions is studied using the H W + W -decay mode, followed by leptonic decays of the W bosons to an oppositely charged electron-muon pair in the final state. The measurements are performed using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.4 fb -1 . The Higgs boson transverse momentum (p T ) is reconstructed using the lepton pair p T and missing p T . The differential cross section times branching fraction is measured as a function of the Higgs boson p T in a fiducial phase space defined to match the experimental acceptance in terms of the lepton kinematics and event topology. The production cross section times branching fraction in the fiducial phase space is measured to be 39 8 (stat) 9 (syst) fb. The measurements are found to agree, within experimental uncertainties, with theoretical calculations based on the standard model.
Preserved Relative Dispersion but Blunted Stimulation of Mean Flow, Absolute Dispersion, and Blood Volume by Insulin in Skeletal Muscle of Patients With Essential Hypertension (1998)

Background —We examined the integrity of the effects of insulin on mean muscle blood flow, flow heterogeneity, and blood volume in essential hypertension. Methods and Results —Positron emission tomography, combined with [ 15 O]H 2 O and [ 15 O]CO as tracers for direct measurement of blood flow and volume in skeletal muscle, and a new bayesian iterative reconstruction algorithm allowing pixel-by-pixel quantitation of blood flow and flow dispersion, were used. Measurements were performed basally after an overnight fast and under normoglycemic hyperinsulinemic conditions in 11 newly diagnosed, untreated mildly hypertensive men (age, 35±1 years; body mass index, 25.2±0.4 kg/m 2 , blood pressure 141±4/96±2 mm Hg, mean±SE) and 11 matched normotensive men. Insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake was significantly decreased in the hypertensive men (41±4 μmol/kg per minute) compared with the normotensive (59±4 μmol/kg per minute, P &lt;0.005) men. Mean blood flow in skeletal muscle was significantly lower in the hypertensive than the normal subjects basally (1.7±0.2 versus 2.7±0.4 mL/0.1 kg per minute, P &lt;0.05) and during hyperinsulinemia (2.3±0.2 versus 4.2±0.8, P &lt;0.05). The flow response to insulin (0.6±0.2 versus 1.9±0.5 mL/0.1 kg per minute, hypertensive versus normal subjects, P &lt;0.05) was also significantly blunted. Muscle blood volume was significantly lower in the hypertensive than in the normal subjects, both basally (3.0±0.2 versus 3.5±0.2 mL/0.1 kg, P &lt;0.05) and during hyperinsulinemia (3.1±0.2 versus 4.0±0.2 mL/0.1 kg muscle, P &lt;0.02). The increase in muscle blood volume by insulin was significant in the normal ( P &lt;0.05) but not the hypertensive subjects. Regional pixel-by-pixel analysis within femoral muscles revealed significant spatial heterogeneity of blood flow. Insulin increased absolute dispersion of blood flow significantly more in the normal subjects than in the hypertensive subjects ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —True flow heterogeneity, as judged from the coefficients of variation (relative dispersion), was comparable between the groups basally and during hyperinsulinemia. We conclude that mean flow, its absolute dispersion, and blood volume exhibit insulin resistance in patients with essential hypertension.
Monitoring SCCA‐IgM complexes in serum predicts liver disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis (2008)

About 30% of the patients with chronic hepatitis develop a progressive liver disease and one of the most intriguing issues is the detection of noninvasive markers for fibrosis stage and disease progression. High levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA)-immunoglobulin M (IgM) are detectable in hepatocellular carcinoma and their increase in cirrhotic patients can predict tumour development. As SCCA-IgM can also be detectable at low percentages in patients with chronic hepatitis, the aim of this study was to assess SCCA-IgM complexes in relation to disease outcome in this group of patients. An ELISA assay was used to determine the presence of SCCA-IgM in 188 patients with chronic hepatitis and in 100 controls. An additional serum sample was available after a median period of 6 years in 57 untreated patients: these patients were subdivided in group A, including eight patients with a fibrosis score increase > or =2 in a second liver biopsy and group B, including 49 patients without fibrosis progression during a similar follow up. SCCA-IgM complexes were detectable in 63 of 188 (33%) patients but in none of the controls. A significant increase of SCCA-IgM levels over time was observed in patients with fibrosis progression (mean +/- SD: 117 +/- 200 U/mL/year), but not in those without histologic deterioration (mean +/- SD: -8.8 +/- 31 U/mL/year, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, monitoring SCCA-IgM levels over time appears a useful approach to identify patients with chronic hepatitis at higher risk for cirrhosis development.
The oncologic risk of magnetic resonance imaging‐targeted and systematic cores in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (2023)

Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help diagnose prostate cancer can help identify more high-grade cancers than using a systematic template biopsy alone. However, we do not know if high-grade cancers diagnosed with the help of an MRI are as dangerous to the patient as high-grade cancers diagnosed with a systematic biopsy. We examined all of our patients who had an MRI biopsy and a systematic biopsy and then had their prostates removed to find out if these patients had risk factors and signs of aggressive cancer (cancer that spread outside the prostate or was very high grade). We found that, if there was a difference in grade between the systematic biopsy and the MRI-targeted biopsy, the risk of aggressive cancer was between the two grades.
Identification of 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic Acid (HST5040), a Clinical Development Candidate for the Treatment of Propionic Acidemia and Methylmalonic Acidemia (2021)

Propionic acidemia (PA) and methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) are rare autosomal recessive disorders of propionyl-CoA (P-CoA) catabolism, caused by a deficiency in the enzymes P-CoA carboxylase and methylmalonyl-CoA (M-CoA) mutase, respectively. PA and MMA are classified as intoxication-type inborn errors of metabolism because the intramitochondrial accumulation of P-CoA, M-CoA, and other metabolites results in secondary inhibition of multiple pathways of intermediary metabolism, leading to organ dysfunction and failure. Herein, we describe the structure-activity relationships of a series of short-chain carboxylic acids which reduce disease-related metabolites in PA and MMA primary hepatocyte disease models. These studies culminated in the identification of 2,2-dimethylbutanoic acid (<b>10</b>, HST5040) as a clinical candidate for the treatment of PA and MMA. Additionally, we describe the in vitro and in vivo absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profile of HST5040, data from preclinical studies, and the synthesis of the sodium salt of HST5040 for clinical trials.
Understanding the Cycling-Dependent Threshold Voltage Instability in OTS Devices (2022)

We systematically investigated the impact of cycling stress on threshold voltage $(V_{th})$ relaxation, which is one of the major instability issues in Ovonic Threshold Switching (OTS) devices, using SiGeAsTe-based materials. V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</inf> relaxation becomes faster after ON/OFF switching cycling. We clarified the mechanisms behind the accelerated relaxation on the basis of an extended defect model supported by quantitative simulations. The energy barrier $(\Delta G _{\text{bar}})$ which determines a time constant of delocalized-to-localized transition of a defect is lowered by cycling stress. The detailed electrical characterization revealed that Joule-heating generated during cycling plays a key role in the $\Delta G _{\text{bar}}$ lowering. Improvement of thermal stability by increasing the Si concentration in SiGeAsTe suppresses the stress-induced $\Delta G _{\text{bar}}$ lowering and enables reliable array operations.
The Development of a Cooperative Heavy-Duty Vehicle for the GCDC 2011: Team Scoop (2012)

The first edition of the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge (GCDC) was held in the Netherlands in May 2011. Nine international teams competed in urban and highway platooning scenarios with prototype vehicles using cooperative adaptive cruise control. Team Scoop, a collaboration between KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, and Scania CV AB, Södertälje, Sweden, participated at the GCDC with a Scania R-series tractor unit. This paper describes the development and design of Team Scoop's prototype system for the GCDC. In particular, we present considerations with regard to the system architecture, state estimation and sensor fusion, and the design and implementation of control algorithms, as well as implementation issues with regard to the wireless communication. The purpose of the paper is to give a broad overview of the different components that are needed to develop a cooperative driving system: from architectural design, workflow, and functional requirement descriptions to the specific implementation of algorithms for state estimation and control. The approach is more pragmatic than scientific; it collects a number of existing technologies and gives an implementation-oriented view of a cooperative vehicle. The main conclusion is that it is possible, with a modest effort, to design and implement a system that can function well in cooperation with other vehicles in realistic traffic scenarios.
Amblyopic eyes are particularly susceptible to motion-induced distortions of space (2010)

When the internal structure of a stationary visual object moves, the object as a whole appears perceptually displaced in the direction of motion. In normal observers, the magnitude of this illusory offset can be dependably manipulated by systematically varying stimulus uncertainty. In this study, we investigate the role of neural uncertainty in the generation of motion-induced distortions of visual space. Nine subjects performed a 3-patch vertical alignment task using their amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes. The central element consisted of a luminance grating (carrier frequency 4 cyc/deg) drifting either rightwards or leftwards (temporal frequency 6.3Hz) within a static contrast-defined envelope. The reference elements were luminance-defined patches, of the same size, located 2 degrees above and below the central element. In a separate control condition, subjects also performed an identical alignment task with the exception that the central carrier grating was stationary. For both stationary and moving carrier conditions the magnitude of the motion-induced positional offset was linearly related to the precision with which the central element could be localised. In subjects with amblyopia, where judgments of spatial position are less reliable, they become increasingly susceptible to an illusory shift in position. More importantly, when these motion-induced shifts are expressed in units of sensitivity, virtually all subjects show greater illusory offsets in their amblyopic eye relative to their non-non amblyopic eye. This result suggests there exists an additional deficit in position coding, over and above the well-documented sensitivity deficit. Due to the existence of positional deficits in amblyopia, location cues derived from the static contrast envelope may be down-weighted relative to motion cues arising from the carrier.
Multimodal Characterization of the Morphology and Functional Interfaces in Composite Electrodes for Li–S Batteries by Li Ion and Electron Beams (2017)

We report the characterization of multiscale 3D structural architectures of novel poly[sulfur-random-(1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)] copolymer-based cathodes for high-energy-density Li-S batteries capable of realizing discharge capacities >1000 mAh/g and long cycling lifetimes >500 cycles. Hierarchical morphologies and interfacial structures have been investigated by a combination of focused Li ion beam (LiFIB) and analytical electron microscopy in relation to the electrochemical performance and physicomechanical stability of the cathodes. Charge-free surface topography and composition-sensitive imaging of the electrodes was performed using recently introduced low-energy scanning LiFIB with Li<sup>+</sup> probe sizes of a few tens of nanometers at 5 keV energy and 1 pA probe current. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LiFIB has the ability to inject a certain number of Li cations into the material with nanoscale precision, potentially enabling control of the state of discharge in the selected area. We show that chemical modification of the cathodes by replacing the elemental sulfur with organosulfur copolymers significantly improves its structural integrity and compositional homogeneity down to the sub-5-nm length scale, resulting in the creation of (a) robust functional interfaces and percolated conductive pathways involving graphitic-like outer shells of aggregated nanocarbons and (b) extended micro- and mesoscale porosities required for effective ion transport.
Islet-activating protein inhibits leukotriene D4- and leukotriene C4- but not bradykinin- or calcium ionophore-induced prostacyclin synthesis in bovine endothelial cells. (1986)

Incubation of the bovine endothelial cell line, CPAE, with leukotriene D4, leukotriene C4, bradykinin, or the calcium ionophore A23187 results in the release of arachidonic acid metabolites including 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin. Pretreatment of these cells with the pertussis toxin islet-activating protein (IAP) results in a dose-dependent inhibition of the release of arachidonic acid metabolites and prostacyclin in response to leukotriene D4 and leukotriene C4. In contrast, similar responses evoked by bradykinin or ionophore were not significantly altered by the IAP pretreatment of the cells. IAP in the presence of [32P]NAD specifically [32P]ADP-ribosylates a 41-kDa protein in membranes prepared from CPAE cells. Pretreatment of the intact cells with IAP resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of subsequent 32P labeling of the toxin substrate in the membranes and correlates with the uncoupling of the leukotriene responses. These results suggest that the 41-kDa IAP substrate, presumably a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein, mediates the response of CPAE cells to leukotriene D4 and leukotriene C4, but not to bradykinin or the calcium ionophore.
Single-Frequency, Single-Mode Emission at 2040 nm from a 600-W Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Chain (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. D. Goodno, L. D. Book, and J. E. Rothenberg, "Single-Frequency, Single-Mode Emission at 2040 nm from a 600-W Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Chain," in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, OSA Technical Digest Series (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper MF2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Furazan N-oxides. Part 3. Synthesis of di-isocyanates from strained norbornane furazan N-oxides (1986)

Thermolysis, at ca. 110 °C, of the strained norbornane furazan N-oxides (5)–(8) in toluene, saturated with sulphur dioxide, affords the isomeric 1,3-di-isocyantocyclopentanes (14)–(17). Product formation is explained by a mechanism involving cleavage of the furazan ring to cyclopentane-1,3- bis(nitrile oxides)[e.g.(9)], followed by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with SO2 to form bis-1,3,2,4-dioxathiazol-2-ones [e.g.(12)]. Subsequent extrusion of SO2 and rearrangement yields di-isocyanates [e.g.(14)] which were identified spectroscopically and by preparation of urethane and/or urea derivatives on reaction with alcohols and aniline. Compound (8) with aniline gives the cyclic biuret (20) rather than a bis-urea, the structure of the product being established by X-ray crystallography. In the absence of SO2 polymeric furoxans are formed.
Synchronizing clocks in the presence of faults (1985)

Algorithms are described for maintaining clock synchrony in a distributed multiprocess system where each process has its own clock. These algorithms work in the presence of arbitrary clock or process failures, including “two-faced clocks” that present different values to different processes. Two of the algorithms require that fewer than one-third of the processes be faulty. A third algorithm works if fewer than half the processes are faulty, but requires digital signatures.
Invited Tutorial: Considerations in the Design and Verification of Microprocessors for Safety-Critical and Security-Critical Applications (2008)

In this tutorial, we will examine issues in the design and verification of microprocessors for safety-critical and security-critical applications. We will consider architectural and design alternatives to support high-assurance applications, and will describe techniques to improve secure system evaluation-measured in terms of completeness, human effort required, time, and cost-through the use of highly automated formal methods. We will describe practical techniques for creating executable formal computing platform models that can both be proved correct, and also function as high-speed simulators. This allows us to both verify the correctness of the models, as well as validate that the formalizations accurately model what was actually designed and built. As a case study, we will examine the design and verification of the Rockwell Collins AAMP7G microprocessor. The AAMP7G, currently in use in Rockwell Collins high-assurance system products, supports strict time and space partitioning in hardware, and has received an NSA MILS (Multiple Independent Levels of Security) certificate based in part on proofs of correctness. We will discuss the AAMP7G verification effort, focusing on the proof architecture that enabled us to show that the AAMP7G separation kernel microcode implements a particular security specification, using the ACL2 theorem prover.
Gamma radiation at a human relevant low dose rate is genotoxic in mice (2016)

Even today, 70 years after Hiroshima and accidents like in Chernobyl and Fukushima, we still have limited knowledge about the health effects of low dose rate (LDR) radiation. Despite their human relevance after occupational and accidental exposure, only few animal studies on the genotoxic effects of chronic LDR radiation have been performed. Selenium (Se) is involved in oxidative stress defence, protecting DNA and other biomolecules from reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is hypothesised that Se deficiency, as it occurs in several parts of the world, may aggravate harmful effects of ROS-inducing stressors such as ionising radiation. We performed a study in the newly established LDR-facility Figaro on the combined effects of Se deprivation and LDR γ exposure in DNA repair knockout mice (Ogg1(-/-)) and control animals (Ogg1(+/-)). Genotoxic effects were seen after continuous radiation (1.4 mGy/h) for 45 days. Chromosomal damage (micronucleus), phenotypic mutations (Pig-a gene mutation of RBC(CD24-)) and DNA lesions (single strand breaks/alkali labile sites) were significantly increased in blood cells of irradiated animals, covering three types of genotoxic activity. This study demonstrates that chronic LDR γ radiation is genotoxic in an exposure scenario realistic for humans, supporting the hypothesis that even LDR γ radiation may induce cancer.