gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of an extracellular serine protease from the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora (1994)

When grown in liquid cultures allowing the formation of nematode traps, the fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora produced two extracellular proteases hydrolysing the chromogenic substrate Azocoll. The protease activity was separated into two fractions (FI and FII) using anion-exchange chromatography. In bioassays, protease(s) present in FII immobilized the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus indicating that the enzyme(s) might be involved in the infection of nematodes. A protease designated PII was purified from FII to apparent homogeneity by hydrophobic interaction and size-exclusion chromatography, resulting in an approximately 15-fold increase in specific activity. The purified enzyme was glycosylated, had a molecular mass of approximately 35 kDa (gel filtration) and an isoelectric point of pH 4.6. PII immobilized P. redivivus in bioassays and hydrolysed proteins of the purified cuticle. The enzyme hydrolysed several protein substrates including casein, bovine serum albumin and gelatin, but not native collagen. Examination of substrate specificity with synthetic peptides showed that PII readily hydrolysed tripeptides with aromatic or basic amino acids including N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-valyl-L-arginine-4-nitroanilide (Bz-Phe-Val-Arg-NA) and succinyl-glycyl-glycyl-L-phenylalanine-4-nitroanilide (Suc-Gly-Gly-Phe-NA). Mono-peptides were hydrolysed at considerably slower rates. PII had an optimum activity between pH 7 and 9 and was susceptible to autodegradation. PII was inhibited by several serine protease inhibitors including phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), chymostatin and antipain. The protease was N-terminally blocked, but the sequence of one internal peptide showed a high homology with a region containing the active site histidine residue of the subtilisin family of serine proteases.
Novel dendritic large molecules as solution-processable thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters for simple structured non-doped organic light emitting diodes (2018)

The structural optimization of a TADF emissive core with suitable dendrons leads to simple structured solution processable non-doped OLEDs with superior performances.
RFC8287 Sub-TLV Length Clarification (2019)

RFC8287 defines the extensions to MPLS LSP Ping and Traceroute for
Segment Routing IGP-Prefix and IGP-Adjacency Segment Identifier (SIDs)
with an MPLS data plane. RFC8287 proposes 3 Target FEC Stack Sub-TLVs.
While the standard defines the format and procedure to handle those
Sub-TLVs, it does not sufficiently clarify how the length of the
Segment ID Sub-TLVs should be computed to include in the Length field
of the Sub-TLVs which may result in interoperability issues. This
document updates RFC8287 by clarifying the length of each Segment ID
Sub-TLVs defined in RFC8287.
Initiation of DNA replication at the primary origin of bacteriophage T7 by purified proteins. Site and direction of initial DNA synthesis. (1985)

In vivo, T7 DNA replication is initiated 15% of the distance from the genetic left end of the chromosome. This site, the primary origin of replication, consists of a 200-base pair (bp) intergenic segment from 14.5 to 15.0% within which are located two tandem T7 RNA polymerase promoters (phi 1.1A and phi 1.1B) followed by a 61-bp AT-rich (79% A + T) region. A fragment of T7 DNA containing the primary origin has been inserted into plasmids in order to facilitate studies on initiation in vitro. Initiation of DNA synthesis can be reconstituted using T7 RNA polymerase, T7 DNA polymerase, and T7 origin-containing plasmid DNAs. DNA synthesis is stimulated greatly by the T7 gene 4 protein, an enzyme that has helicase and primase activities. When T7 gene 4 protein is present, replication primarily yields partially replicated Y-form molecules as observed by electron microscopy. Synthesis is unidirectional and the branches of the Y-form molecules are uniform in size, with the branch point of the Y located at the origin. Using restriction enzyme analysis, DNA synthesis has been shown to proceed in the same direction (rightward with respect to the T7 genetic map) as transcription from the two promoters located at the origin. Initiation of DNA synthesis in the opposite direction requires the addition of a single-stranded DNA-binding protein (Fuller, C.W., and Richardson, C.C. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 3197-3206). The initial products of DNA synthesis have been analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These DNAs have 10 to 60 ribonucleotides covalently linked to their 5' termini. These RNA primers arise by transcription from each of the two promoters, phi 1.1A and phi 1.1B, located within the primary origin.
Sleep apnoea is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 (2020)

Abstract Objective To investigate if obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19. To examine whether the risk for contracting COVID-19 is elevated among OSA patients. Design and setting Registry based retrospective case-control study using Finnish nationwide health registries and the FinnGen Study cohort. Participants Information regarding OSA diagnosis and COVID-19 infection was extracted from the FinnGen study (N=260,405) with a total of 305 patients who had a recorded PCR-validated COVID-19 infection including 26 (8.5%) individuals who were also OSA patients. Severe COVID-19 (N=83; 27.2%) was defined as an infection requiring hospitalization. Among the hospitalized individuals there were 16 (19.3%) with OSA diagnosis. In addition, we also included in our analysis previously reported risk factors for both severe COVID-19 or risk factors and comorbidities for OSA from FinnGen. Main outcome measures OSA diagnosis, information concerning COVID-19 infection such as hospitalization, were derived from Finnish National Hospital Discharge Registry, Causes of Death Registry and the National Infectious Diseases Registry. Results We show that OSA is a risk factor for COVID-19 hospitalization independent from age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (p-unadjusted=1.04×10 −4 , OR-adjusted=5.24 [95%CI 1.33 to 23.43], p-adjusted=0.022). OSA was not associated with the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p=0.49). Conclusion While an OSA patient’s risk of contracting COVID-19 is the same as non-OSA individuals, the OSA patients have a five-fold risk to be hospitalized when affected by COVID-19 than non-OSA individuals. Our findings suggest that, in assessment of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection, OSA needs to be recognized as one of the comorbidity risk factors for developing a severe form of the disease.
The Modulating Actions of Sulfonylurea on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Release in Experimental Acute Heart Failure (2000)

Glyburide delays release of ANP in acute heart failure resulting in impaired natriuresis. This cannot be ascribed to an antinatriuretic effect on the kidney, but rather may be due to interference with K(ATP) channel-dependent ANP secretion from the atrium. Such adverse outcome of sulfonylurea drug use could reduce the compensatory capacity to preserve cardiorenal homeostasis in acute heart failure.
Resonant-cavity avalanche photodiodes and narrow spectral response photodiodes (2002)

High speeds, high external quantum efficiencies, narrow spectral linewidths, and convenience in coupling make resonant-cavity photodetectors (RECAPs) good candidates for telecommunication applications. In this paper, we report a highly-efficient and wavelength-selective separate absorption and multiplication (SAM) avalanche photodiode (APD) with a thin (500 /spl Aring/) absorbing layer. The improved characteristics of the photodetector were obtained by placing the absorption and multiplication layers in a Fabry-Perot cavity. An external quantum efficiency of 77% was achieved with a spectral linewidth of less than 4 nm and an avalanche gain of more than 50. We also present the experimental results on a RECAP having an operating wavelength /spl lambda//sub 0//spl ap/1.3 /spl mu/m with a very narrow spectral response. The absorption takes place in a thin In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As layer placed in an InP cavity. The InP p-i-n structure was wafer bonded to a high-reflectivity GaAs-AlAs quarter-wavelength Bragg reflector. The top mirror consisted of three pairs of a ZnSe-CaF/sub 2/ quarter-wavelength stack (QWS). A spectral linewidth of 1.8 nm was obtained with an external quantum efficiency of 48%.
Josephson output interfaces for RSFQ circuits (1997)

We have developed and demonstrated high bandwidth Josephson circuits to interface the output of RSFQ circuits to room temperature electronics. Asynchronous dc powered voltage driver circuits have been designed to amplify RSFQ signal levels to voltage outputs in the 2-4 mV range, in a wide bandwidth. These driver circuits have been characterized and tested for data rates up to 8 Gb/s. The bit error rate for one of these drivers has been measured up to 7 Gb/s for a (2/sup 31/-1) bit long pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS). In order to match the data rate of Josephson circuits to slower room temperature electronics, we have developed clock-controlled shift registers which allow shift-in and shift-out of data at different frequencies. Complete functionality of these circuits integrated with the drivers has been demonstrated at low speed. Shift registers integrated with the voltage driver circuits have been tested at high-speed for data rates up to 6 Gb/s.
Impact of temperature on the amplitude of RTN fluctuations in 3-D NAND flash cells (2017)

In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the impact of temperature on the amplitude of random telegraph noise (RTN) fluctuations in 3-Dimensional (3-D) NAND Flash cells. We clearly show that the average amplitude of RTN fluctuations increases when temperature is reduced. This piece of evidence is explained by means of TCAD simulations in terms of stronger nonuniformities in the inversion of the polysilicon channel at lower temperatures. In particular, the temperature reduction results in more relevant differences in the electron concentration between the centers and the boundaries of the polysilicon grains, increasing the impact on cell current of RTN traps placed at or close to the grain boundaries.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships in a Series of Ethenesulfonamide Derivatives, a Novel Class of Endothelin Receptor Antagonists. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Broadband Wireless Multimedia Networks (2012)

Providing a clear review of all major wireless broadband standards with an emphasis on managing the explosive growth in mobile video, this book gives an accessible overview of the various standards as well as practical information on 802.11 link adaptation, 4G smartphone antenna design, wireless video streaming, and smart grids. It distills the many complex wireless features in a concise manner so that readers can understand key principles. With over 180 chapter-end exercises and 200 illustrative figures; available slides and solutions manual for instructors; and accessible recorded tutorials, this book is ideal for industry professionals and practitioners, graduate students, and researchers.
Modulating Blood-Brain Barrier Interactions of Amino Acid-Based Anticancer Agents (2000)

The large neutral amino acid (LNAA) transporter at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) mediates brain uptake of amino acid-based anticancer agents (e.g., melphalan and acivicin). In this study, we blocked the amino acid terminus of the anticancer agents using a bioreductive drug delivery system (TDDS). This molecular modification of the anticancer agents is expected to prevent LNAA carrier-mediated transport across the BBB. In this study, we demonstrate that the parent amino acid containing anticancer agents are substrates for the LNAA transporter at the BBB, whereas the TDDS is not recognized by the LNAA transporter. An in situ rat brain perfusion technique was used to determine competition for LNAA carrier-mediated transport at the BBB using [14C]L-leucine. The BBB capillary permeability-surface area (PA) product for the radiotracer [14C]L-leucine (control) was determined to be 5.18 +/- 0.32 x 10(-2) ml/s/g (100%). The control PA value for [14C]L-leucine was competitively inhibited (down to 7-18% of control) by excess L-phenylalanine as well as by excess concentration of the anticancer amino acids, melphalan and acivicin, showing competition for the LNAA transporter at the BBB. In contrast, brain perfusion of [14C]L-leucine in presence of excess TDDS resulted in no competition for brain uptake of [14C]L-leucine via the LNAA transporter. Thus, bioreversible derivatization of the parent anticancer amino acids resulted in blocking the amino acid functional group, thereby leading to loss of recognition for the cerebrovascular LNAA transporter at the BBB.
Rare Earth Co-doping for High Efficiency Resonantly Pumped Er-Fiber Lasers (2018)

Co-doping of Er with RE ions in silica fibers is used to reduce Er clustering. A single mode core pumped Er-La fiber with an Er ion concentration of 1.37×1025 ions/m3 exhibited a slope efficiency of 76%.
Development of a Large-scale Web Crawler and Search Engine Infrastructure (2009)

This paper reports the ongoing development of a large-scale Web crawler and search engine infrastructure at National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. This infrastructure has the following characteristics: (1) It collects one billion Japanese Web pages while keeping them up-to-date. (2) It selects 100 million pages from among the collected pages and converts them into a standard data format to store the results of morphological analysis, dependency parsing, and synonym augmentation. (3) The selected set of pages is searchable and accessible to the users. (4) The scalability of the system is achieved by using a large-scale cluster machine for distributed data processing.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxity of Novel Benzopyran Derivatives. (2012)

Abstract The synthesis of hitherto unknown pyridyl‐substituted benzopyran derivatives is achieved in moderate to high yields involving the introduction of a pyridyl moiety in the benzopyran system as the key step.
Chemical mechanisms for cytochrome P-450 oxidation: spectral and catalytic properties of a manganese-substituted protein. (1982)

Bacterial cytochrome P-450 induced by camphor (P-450cam) is reconstituted with manganese-protoporphyrin IX, yielding an enzyme that displays unique spectral properties relative to previously characterized manganese-porphyrin systems. The nitric oxide complex of the manganese(II)-protein shows a hyper-metalloporphyrin spectrum suggestive of thiolate ligation to the porphyrin-bound manganese ion. In the presence of iodosobenzene as a source of active oxygen, manganese-substituted cytochrome P-450cam serves as a catalyst for the epoxidation of an enzyme-bound olefin substrate. This reactivity proceeds through a spectrally detectable intermediate that resembles the manganese(V)-oxo complexes that have been well documented with model systems employing artificial manganese-metalloporphyrins in organic solution. Interestingly, manganese-substituted cytochrome-P-450cam shows no hydroxylation activity either in the reconstituted camphor hydroxylase system with pyridine nucleotide or in the presence of iodosobenzene and the Mn(III) form of the protein.
Gold Nanoparticle Inclusion into Protein Nanotube as a Layered Wall Component (2013)

We describe the synthesis, structure, and catalytic activity of human serum albumin (HSA) nanotubes (NTs) including gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a layered wall component. The NTs were fabricated as an alternating layer-by-layer assembly of AuNP and HSA admixture (a negatively charged part) and poly-l-arginine (PLA, a positively charged part) into a track-etched polycarbonate membrane (400 nm pore diameter) with subsequent dissolution of the template. SEM images showed the formation of uniform hollow cylinders of (PLA/AuNP-HSA)3 with a 426 ± 12 nm outer diameter and 65 ± 7 nm wall thickness. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray measurements revealed high loading of AuNPs in the tubular wall. HSAs bind strongly onto the individual AuNP (K = 1.25 × 10(9) M(-1)), generating a core-shell AuNP-HSA corona, which is the requirement of the robust NT formation. Calcination of the (PLA/AuNP-HSA)3 NTs at 500 °C under air yielded red solid NTs composed of thermally fused AuNPs. From the mass decrease by heat treatment, we calculated the weight of the organic components (PLA and HSA) and thereby constructed a six-layer model of the tube. The (PLA/AuNP-HSA)3 NTs serve as a heterogeneous catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol with sodium borohydrate. Furthermore, implantation of the stiff (PLA/AuNP-HSA)3 NTs vertically onto glass plate produced uniformly cylindrical tube arrays.
Carbolithiations of N,N'-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-diazabuta-1,3-diene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbolithiations of N,N'-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-diazabuta-1,3-dieneMichael G. Gardiner and Colin L. RastonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 16, 4206–4212Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00120a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00120a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Generation of single photons and correlated photon pairs using InAs quantum dots (2004)

Abstract This article reviews recent work on non‐classical light generation using semiconductor quantum dots. Experimental results for single‐photon generation are presented, including suppression of the two‐photon probability, coherence properties and two‐photon interference. An experiment demonstrating generation of polarization‐correlated photon pairs from biexciton recombination is also reviewed.
Personal genomes in progress: from the Human Genome Project to the Personal Genome Project (2010)

The cost of a diploid human genome sequence has dropped from about $70M to $2000 since 2007--even as the standards for redundancy have increased from 7x to 40x in order to improve call rates. Coupled with the low return on investment for common single-nucleotide polylmorphisms, this has caused a significant rise in interest in correlating genome sequences with comprehensive environmental and trait data (GET). The cost of electronic health records, imaging, and microbial, immunological, and behavioral data are also dropping quickly. Sharing such integrated GET datasets and their interpretations with a diversity of researchers and research subjects highlights the need for informed-consent models capable of addressing novel privacy and other issues, as well as for flexible data-sharing resources that make materials and data available with minimum restrictions on use. This article examines the Personal Genome Project's effort to develop a GET database as a public genomics resource broadly accessible to both researchers and research participants, while pursuing the highest standards in research ethics.
Autonomous Genetic Analysis System to Study Space Effects on Microorganisms: Results from Orbit (2007)

We designed, built, tested, space-qualified, launched, and downlinked bioanalytical data from a fully autonomous free-flying space satellite that supports microorganism growth in multiple fluidic wells and monitors gene expression via fluorescence. GeneSat-1 (total mass: 4.4 kg) includes solar cells, integrated spacecraft "bus" module (power/batteries/control/bi-directional communications), and an insulated pressure vessel housing the biofluidic, optical, thermal, and sensor subsystems. Data were obtained over ~ 100 hr following nutrient introduction that re-animated two strains of E. coli, with culture growth tracked via light scattering and green fluorescent protein expression monitored in each of nine bacteria-containing fluidic wells. Stability of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity were monitored by multiple sensors, as were radiation events and acceleration in three axes. Data were telemetered to Earth over the course of several weeks during and after the biological growth-and-analysis process.
Disturbance observer for dynamic estimation of friction force in railway traction systems (2004)

Nowadays locomotives for high speed trains are characterized by high specific power. Particularly in this case, when the adhesion force coefficient between rail and driving wheel suddenly decreases, slip phenomena occur. This is because the adhesion coefficient between the wheels and rails has a peak at certain slip velocity. As the adhesive force changes in specific rail condition, the driving wheels of the locomotive suddenly slip. In order to realize a stable and robust anti-slip control system, in case of large variation of the adhesion force coefficient, this paper proposes a new first disturbance observer for a dynamic estimation of the friction force. The observer is carried out by means of the mathematical model of the mechanical structure of the transmission unit, taking into account the elastic couplings between the wheel-set and the electrical motor. In the final part of the paper numerical simulation results are presented to confirm the stability and robustness of the proposed observer.
Comparison of pulse oximetry measurements between high and low skin pigmentation (2023)

We describe a side by side comparison between spectroscopy and pulse oximetry measurements done on skin to measure blood oxygen levels, highlighting the importance of using broader wavelength measurements to capture the impact of skin pigmentation on the accuracy of oximetry.
Design of high-quality compound library and open innovation (2017)

多くの製薬企業では，過去の創薬研究で合成した化合物や外部から入手した化合物をデータベース化し，各種試験に素早く使用できるよう保管庫に管理している．このような化合物コレクションを「化合物ライブラリー」と呼ぶ．化合物ライブラリーのスクリーニング試験から見出されたヒット化合物は，薬理活性・物性・薬物動態・安全性の観点から最適化され，膨大な試験を繰り返しながら前臨床候補化合物となる．当然，ヒット化合物に物性・薬物動態・安全性の問題があれば，その克服には多くの試験や期間が費やされてしまう．このため化合物ライブラリーには，創薬の出発点として相応しい物性・薬物動態・安全性の懸念の少ない化合物が求められる．本稿では，このような要求に応える高質な化合物ライブラリーを設計するための考え方や技術を解説し，最後に化合物ライブラリーを取り巻く最新動向を紹介する．
Imaging using array microscope (2003)

The trade-off between field of view and resolution in conventional microscopy can be avoided by using multiple microscopes in parallel in the form of an array microscope. This paper explores the design, fabrication, and construction of such an array microscope. Imaging results using an array microscope will be presented.