gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exosomes as Potent Cell-Free Peptide-Based Vaccine. I. Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes Transfer Functional MHC Class I/Peptide Complexes to Dendritic Cells (2004)

Current immunization protocols in cancer patients involve CTL-defined tumor peptides. Mature dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent APCs for the priming of naive CD8(+) T cells, eventually leading to tumor eradication. Because DC can secrete MHC class I-bearing exosomes, we addressed whether exosomes pulsed with synthetic peptides could subserve the DC function consisting in MHC class I-restricted, peptide-specific CTL priming in vitro and in vivo. The priming of CTL restricted by HLA-A2 molecules and specific for melanoma peptides was performed: 1) using in vitro stimulations of total blood lymphocytes with autologous DC pulsed with GMP-manufactured autologous exosomes in a series of normal volunteers; 2) in HLA-A2 transgenic mice (HHD2) using exosomes harboring functional HLA-A2/Mart1 peptide complexes. In this study, we show that: 1). DC release abundant MHC class I/peptide complexes transferred within exosomes to other naive DC for efficient CD8(+) T cell priming in vitro; 2). exosomes require nature's adjuvants (mature DC) to efficiently promote the differentiation of melanoma-specific effector T lymphocytes producing IFN-gamma (Tc1) effector lymphocytes in HLA-A2 transgenic mice (HHD2). These data imply that exosomes might be a transfer mechanism of functional MHC class I/peptide complexes to DC for efficient CTL activation in vivo.
Turbo codes cascaded with high-rate block codes for (O, κ)-constrained channels (2001)

We consider several issues in the analysis and design of turbo coded systems for (O, /spl kappa/) input-constrained channels. These constraints commonly arise in magnetic recording channels. This system is characterized by a high-rate turbo code driving a high-rate (n-1)/n, small-length (O, /spl kappa/) block code. We discuss the properties of the (O, /spl kappa/) code that affect its performance on both an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and a precoded dicode channel. We address soft-in soft-out (SISO) decoding of linear and nonlinear (O, /spl kappa/) codes and show that good (O, /spl kappa/) codes exist even when d/sub min/=1. For the (O, /spl kappa/) constrained AWGN channel, we present several rate (n-1)/n block codes that optimally tradeoff bit-error-rate performance with /spl kappa/. For the precoded dicode channel, we show that the systematic (O, n-1) modulation codes are superior to most other rate (n-1)/n block codes in terms of error-rate performance, and their attractiveness is increased by the fact that they do not contribute any significant complexity to the overall system.
Emergence of division of labor in tissues through cell interactions and spatial cues (2022)

Abstract Most cell types in multicellular organisms can perform multiple functions. However, not all functions can be optimally performed simultaneously by the same cells. Functions incompatible at the level of individual cells can be performed at the cell population level, where cells divide labor and specialize in different functions. Division of labor can arise due to instruction by tissue environment or through self-organization. Here, we develop a computational framework to investigate the contribution of these mechanisms to division of labor within a cell-type population. By optimizing collective cellular task performance under trade-offs, we find that distinguishable expression patterns can emerge from cell-cell interactions vs . instructive signals. We propose a method to construct ligand-receptor networks between specialist cells and use it to infer division-of-labor mechanisms from single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics data of stromal, epithelial, and immune cells. Our framework can be used to characterize the complexity of cell interactions within tissues.
ChemInform Abstract: ARENES DISUBSTITUTED WITH PRIMARY ALKYL GROUPS FROM XYLYLENE DIANIONS (1983)

Aus den isomeren Xylolen entstehen die Dianionen (II), die zu (I) alkyliert werden.
Liquidity in credit networks (2010)

Credit networks represent a way of modeling trust between entities in a network. Nodes in the network print their own currency and trust each other for a certain amount of each other's currency. This allows the network to serve as a decentralized payment infrastructure --- arbitrary payments can be routed through the network by passing IOUs between trusting nodes in their respective currencies --- and obviates the need for a common currency.
High-Contrast Terahertz Wave Modulation by Gated Graphene Enhanced by Extraordinary Transmission through Ring Apertures (2014)

Gate-controllable transmission of terahertz (THz) radiation makes graphene a promising material for making high-speed THz wave modulators. However, to date, graphene-based THz modulators have exhibited only small on/off ratios due to small THz absorption in single-layer graphene. Here we demonstrate a ∼50% amplitude modulation of THz waves with gated single-layer graphene by the use of extraordinary transmission through metallic ring apertures placed right above the graphene layer. The extraordinary transmission induced ∼7 times near-filed enhancement of THz absorption in graphene. These results promise complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible THz modulators with tailored operation frequencies, large on/off ratios, and high speeds, ideal for applications in THz communications, imaging, and sensing.
The Saccharomyces Ty5 retrotransposon family is associated with origins of DNA replication at the telomeres and the silent mating locus HMR. (1995)

We have characterized the genomic organization of the Ty5 retrotransposons among diverse strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the related species Saccharomyces paradoxus. The S. cerevisiae strain S288C (or its derivatives) carries eight Ty5 insertions. Six of these are located near the telomeres, and five are found within 500 bp of autonomously replicating sequences present in the type X subtelomeric repeat. The remaining two S. cerevisiae elements are adjacent to the silent mating locus HMR and are located within 500 bp of the origin of replication present in the transcriptional silencer HMR-E. Although the S. cerevisiae Ty5 elements no longer appear capable of transposition, some strains of S. paradoxus have numerous Ty5 insertions, suggesting that transposition is occurring in this species. Most of these elements are adjacent to type X telomeric repeats, and regions flanking four of five characterized S. paradoxus insertions carry autonomously replicating sequences. The genomic organization of the Ty5 elements is in marked contrast to the other S. cerevisiae retrotransposon families (Ty1-4), which are typically located within 500 bp of tRNA genes. For Ty3, this association reflects an interaction between Ty3 and the RNA polymerase III transcription complex, which appears to direct integration [Chalker, D. L. & Sandmeyer, S. B. (1992) Genes Dev. 6, 117-128]. By analogy to Ty3, we predict that Ty5 target choice is specified by interactions with factors present at both the telomeres and HMR that are involved in DNA replication, transcription silencing, or the maintenance of the unique chromatin structure at these sites.
Thermal Spray Applications in the Paper Production Industry (2013)

Abstract Thermal spray coatings, along with certain proprietary sealants, are widely used in the paper manufacturing industry for corrosion and wear resistance and to impart special surface characteristics. This article discusses the steps involved in the paper manufacturing process. Most modern papermaking machines are based on variations of the Fourdrinier machine. The article describes four operational sections of the machine: forming, press, drying, and calendar. It provides an overview of the machine components where thermal spray coatings are used, namely, digesters, blow tanks, suction roll, center press rolls, yankee dryer rolls, calendar rolls, doctor/scalping blades, and cutting equipment.
Ferrites for microwave switching devices (1989)

Discusses the increasing use of ferrites for phased arrays and high power switching in radar. Greater emphasis is being placed on control of the microstructure of spinels and garnets, and on fabrication techniques that allow optimum hysteresis loop shapes to be achieved under all operating conditions.
Reconstruction of real tomographic data using algebraic methods (2008)

We propose an algebraic image reconstruction method that can cope with the size and features of datasets produced by actual scanners, such as angular flying focal spot and detector offset. Image reconstruction is performed by minimizing a penalized least squares objective function by means of a preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) algorithm. Efficient implementation of the matrix-vector products that represent projection and backprojection operations is crucial to reconstruction speed, as such operations are performed at least once per iteration. For this purpose, we developed an efficient storage scheme for the projection matrix that allowed fast matrix-vector products. These features, along with an appropriate choice of the preconditioning matrix, yielded a numerically efficient method which produces results with better quality than those provided by usual filtered backprojection techniques.
An Integrated Platform for Dynamic Cardiac Simulation and Image Processing: Application to Personalised Tetralogy of Fallot Simulation (2008)

Processing and visualisation of dynamic data is still a common challenge in medical imaging, especially as for many applications there is an increasing amount of clinical data as well as generated data, such as in cardiac modelling. In this context, there is a strong need for software that can deal with dynamic data of different kinds (i.e. images, meshes, signals, etc.). In this paper we propose a platform that aims at helping researchers and clinicians to visualise and process such dynamic data, as well as evaluate simulation results. To illustrate this platform we chose to follow a concrete clinical application, the personalised simulation of the Tetralogy of Fallot. We show that the software provides the user with a significant help in the assessment and processing of the 3D+t raw data, as well as an adapted framework for visualisation and evaluation of various dynamic simulation results.
Fabrication of textured Ag substrate for YBCO coated conductor (2003)

We fabricated textured Ag substrates for YBCO coated conductor and evaluated the effects of annealing temperature on microstructural evolution, texture formation, and surface morphology. An Ag ingot, prepared by melting in plasma arc and quenching, had a fine equiaxed microstructure. A strong {110} <110> textured Ag substrate was obtained by cold rolling and annealing at 800 /spl deg/C; the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) value of {110} <110> poles was as sharp as 10/spl deg/. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) profiles show that the surface morphology was very smooth and root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of the substrate annealed at 800 /spl deg/C was 39.2 nm. However, it was found that the thermal grooving and faceting became remarkable as annealing temperature increased. The substrate of strong texture and smooth surface, fabricated in our study, is considered to be suitable for use as a substrate for the epitaxial deposition of superconductor films.
Neural Stem Cells: From Cell Biology to Cell Replacement (2000)

A large number of crippling neurological conditions result from the loss of certain cell populations from the nervous system through disease or injury, and these cells are not intrinsically replaced. Mounting evidence now suggests that replacement of depleted cell populations by transplantation may be of functional benefit in many such diseases. A diverse range of cell populations is vulnerable, and the loss of specific populations results in circumscribed deficits in different conditions. This diversity presents a considerable challenge if cell replacement therapy is to become widely applicable in the clinical domain, because each condition has specific requirements for the phenotype, developmental stage, and number of cells required. An ideal cell for universal application in cell replacement therapy would possess several key properties: it would be highly proliferative, allowing the ex vivo production of large numbers of cells from minimal donor material; it would also remain immature and phenotypically plastic such that it could differentiate into appropriate neural and glial cell types on, or prior to, transplantation. Critically, both proliferation and differentiation would be controllable. This review considers some of the evidence that stem cells exist in the central nervous system and that they may possess characteristics that make them ideal for broad application in cell replacement therapy.
The nucleotide sequence of a glutamate tRNA from rat liver (1982)

A glutamate tRNA from rat liver was purified. By means of post-labeling techniques, its nucleotide sequence was shown to be: pU-C-C-C-A-C-A-U-m1G-G-U-C-psi-A-G-C- G-G-D-D-A-G-G-A-U-U-C-C-U-G-G-psi-U-mcm5s2U-U-C-A-C-C-C-A-G-G-C-G- G-C-m5C-m5C-G-G-G-Tm-psi-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-C-G-G-U-G-U-G-G-G-A-A-C-C-AOH. The sequence is remarkably similar to that of tRNA4Glu from Drosophila melanogaster. Only 10 out of 75 nucleotides in the two tRNAs are different.
Similar Biochemical Properties of Human Seminal Plasma and Epididymal α‐1,4‐Glucosidase (1984)

We have studied some characteristics of alpha-1,4-glucosidases in human male reproductive organs in order to obtain information on the origin of the enzyme in seminal plasma. Acid and neutral enzymes could be distinguished on the basis of their selective inhibition either by SDS (acid enzyme) or MTT (neutral enzyme). Only the epididymis contained a significant amount of SDS resistant neutral alpha-1,4-glucosidase which was comparable to what has been isolated in seminal plasma. The similarity of epididymal and seminal plasma neutral enzymes was further confirmed by ultracentrifugation on sucrose density gradients, which permitted a complete separation of neutral (11S) and acid (4S) iso-enzymes. The 11S form was present in epididymis and in seminal plasma, but was totally absent in seminal vesicles, prostates and testis. The epididymal enzyme also had some of the unique characteristics found in the seminal plasma enzyme: it precipitated upon dialysis against distilled water, and its mobility on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was identical to that of form 1 in seminal plasma. These results, although they do not constitute absolute proof of the identity of epididymal and seminal plasma alpha-glucosidase, certainly provide strong support for this hypothesis.
Carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha fetoprotein in malignant tumors of the female genital tract (1975)

Circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 53 patients with carcinoma of the ovary, 16 patients with other malignant genital tumors, and 31 women with nonmalignant diseases of the genital tract. The serum CEA concentration was elevated (greater than 5 ng/ml) in 11 patients with ovarian cancer, 2 patients with endometrial cancer, 1 patient with carcinoma of the cervix, and 1 patient with a benign embryonal cystic teratoma. Elevated CEA levels were found only in patients with advanced malignant disease, while early stages were associated with normal CEA concentrations. AFP levels were normal in all but 1 patient. Both CEA and AFP levels were markedly raised in a case of advanced genital carcinoma arising probably from the ovary. Ascitic fluid of another patient with ovarian cancer contained a high concentration of CEA, giving an identical reaction in immunodiffusion with CEA from colon cancer. The present results indicate that while the increased expression of carcinofetal components takes place in some malignant tumors of the female genital tract, it is usually a late phenomenon.
A Numerical Study for Contained Cold Aisle Data Center Using CRAC and Server Calibrated Fan Curves (2013)

In the present work, we demonstrate the effect of Cold Aisle Containment Systems (CACS) on the airflow and temperature distribution inside a representative data center. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to conduct this analysis. This study includes calibrated fan curves in the Computer Room Air Conditioner (CRAC) and the servers in order to capture the impact of pressure changes on the flow field. The system characteristics curve for the open (uncontained) system and contained system including the leakage effect is established. Since the IT-equipment has a crucial effect on the performance of contained systems, the individual and combined effect of fully enclosing the cold aisle and IT-equipment are investigated. Partially contained systems including doors only and ceilings only configurations are also considered in this study. Steady state and dynamic scenarios are simulated to characterize different containment systems. It is found that the pressure inside the fully contained system is determined by the IT-equipment as well as the geometrical obstructions of fully containing the cold aisle. Increasing the pressure due to enclosing the cold aisle is reduced by introducing IT-equipment, load banks in this case, which leads to a reduction of the total static pressure and an increase of the flow rate. It is also found that the fully contained system presents the best configurations in achieving low and uniform temperature distribution; however, partially contained systems can be a good solution if a certain cold air provision is maintained during operation. The dynamic analysis shows a significant increase in the safe time at full CRAC failure scenario compared with uncontained system due to utilizing the trapped cold air inside the plenum by the load banks fans.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Enzymatic Approach to (S)‐1‐Aryl‐allylamines. (2011)

Abstract A range of enantiopure aryl allylamines is prepared by optical resolution with Novozym 435.
J0203-1-2 Hemodynamic studies of coiling in cerebral aneurysm model (2009)

The coil embolization for cerebral aneurysm is one of the effective treatments. However, sometimes blood flow may induce recanalization or growth of the aneurysm. Therefore, the measurements of flow speed with coils in aneurysm are necessary for analyzing the effect of coil on the flow in the aneurysm. However, the method for quantitative measurement using an optical image based velocimetry such as PIV has not been established because coil makes shades in flow field. In this study, we tried to identify the shades by coils and the traces by particles by superimposing consecutive images. Several parts of coils are placed on out of aneurysm cavity and it placement may induce that the speed in inflow zone with coils is larger than that of no coil model. These results will clarify the relationship between coil formation at the neck and the flow in aneurysm.
Abstract A12: Cardiac hormone receptor A, NPRA, as a prognostic marker and target for prostate cancer therapy (2010)

Abstract Management of prostate cancer (PCa), the third leading cause of death among American men, is limited by lack of prognostic markers and therapies for targeting androgen-independent PCa. Herein we report that NPRA, the receptor for the cardiac hormone atrial natriuretic peptide, is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for PCa. NPRA is abundantly expressed in the androgen-independent PCa cell lines, PC3 and DU145, but not in normal PrEC cells and only weakly in RWPE and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) cells. NPRA is more highly expressed by the tumorigenic TRAMP-C1 and -C2 and PTEN-CaP2 PCa cell lines than the nontumorigenic TRAMP-C3 and PTEN-P2 PCa cell lines. NPRA showed positive correlation with clinical staging in a human PCa tissue microarray (TMA). Prostate tumor cells implanted in mice deficient in atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA-KO) failed to grow, and down-regulation of NPRA by siNPRA or NPRA inhibitor, iNPRA, induced apoptosis in PCa cells and reduced tumor burden in mice. The mechanism of iNPRA-induced anti-PCa effects was linked to NPRA-induced expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine overexpressed in prostate cancer and associated with tumor survival. SiNPRA significantly reduced MIF expression. Using the TRAMP spontaneous PCa model, we found that NPRA expression correlated with MIF expression during PCa progression and treatment of TRAMP-C1 xenografts with iNPRA reduced MIF expression. MIF was also seen in the human PCa TMA. This suggests that NPRA promotes PCa development by regulating MIF and may represent a prognostic marker and target for PCa therapy. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):A12.
A Sensitive and Cost-Effective Chemiluminescence ELISA for Measurement of Amyloid-β 1-42 Peptide in Human Plasma (2020)

This assay detects low levels of Aβ42 in plasma and does not need any expensive equipment or reagents. It offers a preferred alternative to ultrasensitive assays. Since the antibodies, peptide, and substrate are commercially available, the assay is well suited for academic or diagnostic laboratories, and has a potential for the diagnosis of AD or in clinical trials.
Support of Low Complexity LTE Terminals (2012)

The support of low bandwidth LTE devices would allow LTE to be a cost effective means of supporting low rate applications such as machine to machine communications (M2M), facilitating the migration of mobile networks from GPRS to LTE. This paper describes why lowering device bandwidth leads to a significant reduction in baseband processing complexity, the issues that currently prevent the support of low bandwidth LTE devices, some potential solutions to these problems and analyses the coexistence and link budget implications of supporting these low bandwidth LTE devices.
IMMU-06. SYSTEMIC MRNA VACCINES RESET IMMUNOGENICITY AGAINST DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMA (2023)

Abstract BACKGROUND DIPG remains a uniformly fatal disease in dire need of new therapies. There are currently no systemic therapies with proven efficacy against these tumors. To overcome these barriers, we developed a systemic mRNA lipid particle (LP) vaccine that localizes to tumors and reticuloendothelial (RE) organs to modulate both innate and adaptive immunity against poorly immunogenic tumors like DIPG. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess whether RNA-LPs encoding for model antigens (e.g. H3K27M) would reprogram innate immunity and simultaneously elicit sustained adaptive immunity against diffuse midline glioma (DMG). RESULTS RNA-LP encoding for model antigens elicit massive recruitment of nearly all monocytes and lymphocytes to RE organs secondary to a danger response mediated by release of orchestrated cytokines (IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CXCL9-10). This corresponds to increases in absolute numbers of activated DCs and T cells in the RE organs of mice and reprogramming the glioma tumor microenvironment in canines (pet dogs with spontaneous disease). In neonatal mice inoculated midline with established murine K2 gliomas, we observed that RNA-LP vaccines encoding for H3K27M (beginning at ~day 30) elicit significant long-term survivorship, which appears curative in the bulk of animals treated. While H3K27M specific constructs appeared superior, we observed improved survivorship with irrelevant mRNA species (i.e. pp65 and GFP) suggesting these tumors to be particularly sensitive to innate immune modulation. In mice with DMGs, we observed clinical symptomatology of edema/hydrocephalus followed by improvement in many animals suggesting pseudoprogression from intratumoral inflammation and remodeling. CONCLUSION RNA-LPs reprogram the tumor microenvironment of poorly immunogenic tumors in effect making them ‘hot.’ Treatment responses in murine models of advanced DMGs are encouraging. We are advancing a final RNA-LP formulation for FDA-IND submission and early phase clinical trials for DIPG through multi-institutional consortia.