gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An international center for submillimeter astronomy at Dome C, Antarctica: statement of work (2003)

Tests made over the last ten years at various locations show that the Antarctic Plateau is the site with the best observing conditions for ground based astronomical observations at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, due to the unique combination of elevation, low atmospheric water vapor content and high atmospheric stability. These characteristics are currently exploited at the Amundsen-Scott Station at the South Pole, where an astronomical facility has been developed mainly for the US astronomical community. It is now time to evaluate the possibility of creating a new Antarctic Center for Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Astrophysics at Dome C, where conditions are expected to be better than at the South Pole, and where the French-Italian Concordia Station is expected to start operations in winter 2004. The station will complement the US South Pole base offering different opportunities to a much wider international community.
Impact ofnew transistor scaling methods onSOISRAM cell stability (2005)

ThesizeoftheembeddedSRAM issteadily increasing inhigh-end microprocessors like Athlon64. andOpteronTm. Sothedemand forsmall cell footprints andimproved stability hasbecomemorechallenging. We describe howAMD hasrecognized andaddressed thecompeting aspects oftechnology scaling and improved stability inthe90nmtechnology.
Studies of the higher order smectic phase of the large electroclinic effect material W317 (1993)

Abstract We present studies of the large electroclinic effect material W317. We found via X-ray scattering, calorimetry and optical observation that quenching from the smectic A* phase results in several higher order phases including an orthogonal (hexatic) smectic with short range in-layer translational order and no interlayer order. We characterize the electroclinic response in the quenched phase, and determine its magnitude and response time as a function of electric field amplitude and temperature.
An efficient ARX model selection procedure applied to autonomic heart rate variability (1992)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1992.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Dual Src and MEK Inhibition Decreases Ovarian Cancer Growth and Targets Tumor Initiating Stem-Like Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Rapid and accurate T2 mapping from multi–spin‐echo data using Bloch‐simulation‐based reconstruction (2014)

The proposed technique allows accurate T2 mapping in clinically feasible scan times, free of user- and scanner-dependent variations, while providing a comprehensive framework that can be extended to model other parameters (e.g., T1 , B1 (+) , B0 , diffusion) and support arbitrary acquisition schemes.
Joint Beam Hopping and Carrier Aggregation in High Throughput Multi-Beam Satellite Systems (2022)

Beam hopping (BH) and carrier aggregation (CA) are two promising technologies for the next generation satellite communication systems to achieve several orders of magnitude increase in system capacity and to significantly improve the spectral efficiency. While BH allows a great flexibility in adapting the offered capacity to the heterogeneous demand, CA further enhances the user quality-of-service (QoS) by allowing it to pool resources from multiple adjacent beams. In this paper, we consider a multi-beam high throughput satellite (HTS) system that employs BH in conjunction with CA to capitalize on the mutual interplay between both techniques. Particularly, an innovative joint BH-CA scheme is proposed and analyzed in this work to utilize their individual competencies. This includes designing an efficient joint time-space beam illumination pattern for BH and multi-user aggregation strategy for CA. Through this, user-carrier assignment, transponder filling-rates, beams hopping pattern, and illumination duration are all simultaneously optimized by formulating a joint optimization problem as a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming problem (MINLP). Simulation results are provided to corroborate our analysis, demonstrate the design tradeoffs, and point out the potentials of the proposed joint BH-CA concept. Advantages of our BH-CA scheme versus the conventional BH method without employing CA are investigated and presented under the same system circumstances.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Adiponectin Receptor Signaling on Dendritic Cells Blunts Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplementary Figures S1-S12.&lt;/p&gt;
Melody: Generating and Visualizing Machine Learning Model Summary to Understand Data and Classifiers Together (2020)

With the increasing sophistication of machine learning models, there are growing trends of developing model explanation techniques that focus on only one instance (local explanation) to ensure faithfulness to the original model. While these techniques provide accurate model interpretability on various data primitive (e.g., tabular, image, or text), a holistic Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) experience also requires a global explanation of the model and dataset to enable sensemaking in different granularity. Thus, there is a vast potential in synergizing the model explanation and visual analytics approaches. In this paper, we present MELODY, an interactive algorithm to construct an optimal global overview of the model and data behavior by summarizing the local explanations using information theory. The result (i.e., an explanation summary) does not require additional learning models, restrictions of data primitives, or the knowledge of machine learning from the users. We also design MELODY UI, an interactive visual analytics system to demonstrate how the explanation summary connects the dots in various XAI tasks from a global overview to local inspections. We present three usage scenarios regarding tabular, image, and text classifications to illustrate how to generalize model interpretability of different data. Our experiments show that our approaches: (1) provides a better explanation summary compared to a straightforward information-theoretic summarization and (2) achieves a significant speedup in the end-to-end data modeling pipeline.
Molecular IgE sensitization profiles of urban and rural children in South Africa (2020)

Molecular allergy diagnosis detects frequent IgE sensitization to HDM, animal but not pollen allergens and to egg, peanut, and soy, but not milk allergens in African AD children. Urban AD children reacted more often to Mus m 1, whereas α-gal sensitization is more common in rural children likely due to parasite exposure.
Distributed fiber raman amplifiers with localized loss (2003)

Backward pumped C- and L-band distributed fiber Raman amplifiers are described, where discrete losses from 0-8 dB were added at various positions to examine the effect of localized loss. Below 3-dB additional loss, the overall optical performance degraded similarly, regardless of loss position in a hybrid Raman and erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Above 3 dB, the performance degradation worsened as the loss position became closer to the signal output. The spectral shape change of the fiber output against loss variation was made tolerable within ±0.4 dB simply by balancing the output power of L band with that of C band, unless the loss was close to pump input. The tolerance provides design flexibility for hybrid optical amplifiers and allows the use of fixed gain-flattening filters.
Achieving ideal transistor characteristics in conjugated polymer semiconductors (2023)

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with ideal behavior are highly desired, because nonideal devices may overestimate the intrinsic property and yield inferior performance in applications. In reality, most polymer OTFTs reported in the literature do not exhibit ideal characteristics. Supported by a structure-property relationship study of several low-disorder conjugated polymers, here, we present an empirical selection rule for polymer candidates for textbook-like OTFTs with high reliability factors (100% for ideal transistors). The successful candidates should have low energetic disorder along their backbones and form thin films with spatially uniform energetic landscapes. We demonstrate that these requirements are satisfied in the semicrystalline polymer PffBT4T-2DT, which exhibits a reliability factor (~100%) that is exceptionally high for polymer devices, rendering it an ideal candidate for OTFT applications. Our findings broaden the selection of polymer semiconductors with textbook-like OTFT characteristics and would shed light upon the molecular design criteria for next-generation polymer semiconductors.
Supplementary Table 1 from Functional Protein Pathway Activation Mapping of the Progression of Normal Skin to Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 83K&lt;/p&gt;
The dye-sensitized photooxidation of imidazoles: Trapping of intermediates by nucleophiles (1981)

Abstract The reactions of a series of imidazoles with singlet oxygen have been investigated. While there is evidence that 2,5-endoperoxides or zwitterionic intermediates may be initially formed, the isolated products appear to arise from the decomposition of hydroperoxides or dioxetanes. Nucleophiles such as methanol and diphenyl sulfide serve to intercept unstable intermediates. Based on the photooxidation of model 5-substituted imidazoles, a rationale is presented for the destruction of histidine residues by two equivalents of oxygen in the “photodynamic” process.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Improving the in vitro prediction of in vivo central nervous system penetration: integrating permeability, P-glycoprotein efflux, and free fractions in blood and brain. (2007)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: Improving the in vitro prediction of in vivo central nervous system penetration: integrating permeability, P-glycoprotein efflux, and free fractions in blood and brain.
Advances in cryogenic engineering : proceedings of the international cryogenic materials conference - ICMC, Madison, Wisconsin 16-20 July 2001 (2002)

All papers have been peer reviewed. The International Cryogenic Materials Conference covers the development and properties of insulation and structural materials used to construct cryogenic devices and for cryogenic applications. It also deals with the study of low and high temperature superconducting materials that are used in wire form for conductor applications such as cables for high field magnets, motors, transmission lines, transformers,and fault current limiters, for thin film applications in electronic devices, and bulk form for levitation and applications. One session was devoted to the new magnesium boride (MgB2) superconductors.
Fabrication of Macrochannelled‐Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic by a Coextrusion Process (2002)

A coextrusion process was used to fabricate macrochannelled hydroxyapatite (HA). To improve the powder characteristics, the HA powder was calcined at 900°C in air for 1 h. A feedrod composed of HA (shell) and carbon black (core) was coextruded at 120°C through a symmetric 8:1 square reduction die. After the first coextrusion, the individual pieces were bundled, warm‐pressed, and then coextruded again. After removing the binder, the billet was sintered at 1350°C for 1h in air. Uniform, 27 vol% macrochannels with a diameter of 270 μm were formed in the dense HA through removal of the carbon black. The compressive strength of the test specimens was strongly dependent on the macrochannel direction due to the stress concentrations related to the macrochannel geometry.
Evaporation Study of an Ionic Liquid with a Double-Charged Cation (2018)

The evaporation of a dicationic ionic liquid, 1,3-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)propane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([C<sub>3</sub>(MIm)<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>][Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>-</sup>]<sub>2</sub>), was studied by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. Its evaporation is accompanied by a partial thermal decomposition producing monocationic ionic liquids, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium and 1-(2-propenyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amides, as volatile products. This decomposition does not affect the vaporization characteristics of [C<sub>3</sub>(MIm)<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>][Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>-</sup>]<sub>2</sub>, which were established to be as follows. The vaporization enthalpy (550 K) is equal to (155.5 ± 3.2) kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>; the saturated vapor pressure is described by the equation ln( p/Pa) = -(18699 ± 381)/( T/K) + (30.21 ± 0.82) in the range of 508-583 K. 1,3-Bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)propane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide is the first dicationic ionic liquid, the vaporization characteristics of which were determined with an acceptable accuracy.
Recombinant Human Perlecan DV and Its LG3 Subdomain Are Neuroprotective and Acutely Functionally Restorative in Severe Experimental Ischemic Stroke (2022)

Despite recent therapeutic advancements, ischemic stroke remains a major cause of death and disability. It has been previously demonstrated that ~ 85-kDa recombinant human perlecan domain V (rhPDV) binds to upregulated integrin receptors (α2β1 and α5β1) associated with neuroprotective and functional improvements in various animal models of acute ischemic stroke. Recombinant human perlecan laminin-like globular domain 3 (rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub>), a 21-kDa C-terminal subdomain of rhPDV, has been demonstrated to more avidly bind to the α2β1 integrin receptor than its parent molecule and consequently was postulated to evoke significant neuroprotective and functional effects. To test this hypothesis, fifty male C57Bl/6 J mice studied in a t-MCAO model were randomly allocated to either rhPDV treatment, rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub>, or equivalent volume of PBS at the time of reperfusion in a study where all procedures and analyses were conducted blind to treatment. On post-MCAO day 7, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining of brain slices was used to quantify infarct volume. We observed that treatment with rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub> reduced infarct volume by 65.6% (p = 0.0001), improved weight loss (p < 0.05), and improved functional outcome measures (p < 0.05) when compared to PBS controls, improvements which were generally greater in magnitude than those observed for 2 mg/kg of rhPDV. In addition, treatment with 6 mg/kg of rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub> was observed to significantly reduce mortality due to stroke in one model, an outcome not previously observed for rhPDV. Our initial findings suggest that treatment with rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub> provides significant improvement in neuroprotective and functional outcomes in experimental stroke models and that further investigation of rhPDV<sub>LG3</sub> as a novel neuroprotective therapy for patients with stroke is warranted.
Silicon on Insulator (SOI) and ESD (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: SOI Electrothermal Models SOI ESD Diodes and Devices SOI with Interconnects Alternative Devices SOI Dynamic Threshold MOSFET and ESD SOI and ESD in the Future Problems References
Shaping the Future through Innovations: From Medical Imaging to\n Precision Medicine (2016)

Medical images constitute a source of information essential for disease\ndiagnosis, treatment and follow-up. In addition, due to its patient-specific\nnature, imaging information represents a critical component required for\nadvancing precision medicine into clinical practice. This manuscript describes\nrecently developed technologies for better handling of image information:\nphotorealistic visualization of medical images with Cinematic Rendering,\nartificial agents for in-depth image understanding, support for minimally\ninvasive procedures, and patient-specific computational models with enhanced\npredictive power. Throughout the manuscript we will analyze the capabilities of\nsuch technologies and extrapolate on their potential impact to advance the\nquality of medical care, while reducing its cost.\n
Delocalized electronic interactions in chiral cyclopentadienylrhenium halide complexes. Valence photoelectron spectra of CpRe(NO)(L)X [Cp = .eta.5-C5H5, .eta.5-C5(CH3)5; L = CO, P(C6H5)3; X = Cl, Br, I] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDelocalized electronic interactions in chiral cyclopentadienylrhenium halide complexes. Valence photoelectron spectra of CpRe(NO)(L)X [Cp = .eta.5-C5H5, .eta.5-C5(CH3)5; L = CO, P(C6H5)3; X = Cl, Br, I]Dennis L. Lichtenberger, Anjana Rai-Chaudhuri, Matthew J. Seidel, John A. Gladysz, Sename K. Agbossou, Alain Igau, and Charles H. WinterCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 5, 1355–1364Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00051a028https://doi.org/10.1021/om00051a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Signalling-free detection of adaptive modulation in multicarrier systems (2004)

Adaptive modulation, i.e. subcarrier-specific selection of the modulation scheme, is a well-known technique for enhancing the performance of multi-carrier systems. The adaptation to the frequency selective characteristics of the channel leads to considerable SNR gains for transmission over non-line-of-sight multipath channels. The actual assignment of modulation schemes to the individual subcarriers must be known to both the transmitter and the receiver. Conventionally this is achieved by exchanging information about the assignment over the communication link. i.e. a certain amount of signalling overhead is introduced. In this paper a signalling-free approach for reconstructing the assignment of modulation schemes in the receiver is presented. The decision about the modulation scheme used on each individual subcarrier is incorporated into the process of channel decoding.
Functional significance of missense variants in BRCA1 (2004)

1314 BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene product involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA-damage repair, cell-cycle control and the maintenance of genomic integrity. Germ-line mutations in the BRCA1 gene predispose individuals to breast and ovarian cancer. Cancer-associated BRCA1 mutations abolish its transcriptional activity, indicating that this activity is crucial for the maintenance of the normal phenotype. Development of cancer requires the loss of the wild type allele, since the inherited mutation predisposing allele is recessive. A substantial number of BRCA1 germ-line mutations encode for missense variants. Classification and predictive risk assessment are difficult due to a lack of information about their impact on the BRCA1 tumor suppressor function. Classification of missense variants into cancer-predisposing mutations or benign polymorphisms is crucial for identifying individuals at risk. In this study, we have investigated 13 missense variants for their ability to activate transcription in both yeast and mammalian transcriptional assays. Five variants (H1402Y, H1421Y, S1512I, M1628T, T1720A) were able to activate transcription comparably to the wild-type BRCA1 and are likely to be benign polymorphisms. Eight variants (L1407P, M1628V, T1685I, G1706A, A1752P, G1788V, V1809F and W1837R) showed significantly reduced ability to activate transcription similar to the known deleterious controls and likely represent cancer-associated variants. This study contributes to a better understanding of BRCA1 unclassified variants and has important implications for carriers of these mutations.
Discovery of Potent, Selective, and Brain-Penetrant Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) Inhibitors that Modulate Brain Inflammation In Vivo (2021)

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is one of the key mediators of the cellular stress response that regulates inflammation and apoptosis. To probe the therapeutic value of modulating this pathway in preclinical models of neurological disease, we further optimized the profile of our previously reported inhibitor <b>3</b>. This effort led to the discovery of <b>32</b>, a potent (cell IC<sub>50</sub> = 25 nM) and selective ASK1 inhibitor with suitable pharmacokinetic and brain penetration (rat Cl/Cl<sub>u</sub> = 1.6/56 L/h/kg and <i>K</i><sub>p,uu</sub> = 0.46) for proof-of-pharmacology studies. Specifically, the ability of <b>32</b> to inhibit ASK1 in the central nervous system (CNS) was evaluated in a human tau transgenic (Tg4510) mouse model exhibiting elevated brain inflammation. In this study, transgenic animals treated with <b>32</b> (at 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg, BID/PO for 4 days) showed a robust reduction of inflammatory markers (<i>e.g.</i>, IL-1β) in the cortex, thus confirming inhibition of ASK1 in the CNS.