gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure 3 from Efficacy of RG7787, a Next-Generation Mesothelin-Targeted Immunotoxin, against Triple-Negative Breast and Gastric Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3. Graph showing growth of xenografted MKN28 gastric tumors following treatment with paclitaxel alone or in combination with RG7787 over a 60 day time course.&lt;/p&gt;
Selective Metal Deposition on a Phase-Separated Polymer Blend Surface (2013)

We report selective metal deposition on a phase-separated polymer blend surface. A polymer blend film consisting of polystyrene (PS) and a polystyrene- block -polybutadiene copolymer (PS-BR) was annealed, and a micro-phase-separated film was obtained. Pb was evaporated onto the phase-separated surface without an evaporation mask and was selectively deposited on the PS phase but not on the PS-BR phase. We achieved fine metal patterns corresponding to the microphase separation. This result suggests a novel method of preparing fine metal patterns for electronics and photonics.
Assessing the Clinical Meaningfulness of the Alzheimer’s Disease Composite Score (ADCOMS) Tool (2022)

The ADCOMS was previously established as a valid and reliable tool for use in clinical trials for MCI due to AD and dementia populations. By defining thresholds for clinically meaningful change of ADCOMS, this work is an important step in interpreting clinical findings and estimates of treatment effects in early stage AD trials.
What colour are newborns' eyes? Prevalence of iris colour in the Newborn Eye Screening Test (NEST) study (2016)

The study demonstrates a broad range of iris colour prevalence at birth with a predominance of brown iris coloration. Future studies with the NEST cohort will assess the change in iris colour over time and whether the frequencies of eye colour change as the child ages.
A Closer Look at Accuracy vs. Robustness (2020)

Current methods for training robust networks lead to a drop in test accuracy, which has led prior works to posit that a robustness-accuracy tradeoff may be inevitable in deep learning. We take a closer look at this phenomenon and first show that real image datasets are actually separated. With this property in mind, we then prove that robustness and accuracy should both be achievable for benchmark datasets through locally Lipschitz functions, and hence, there should be no inherent tradeoff between robustness and accuracy. Through extensive experiments with robustness methods, we argue that the gap between theory and practice arises from two limitations of current methods: either they fail to impose local Lipschitzness or they are insufficiently generalized. We explore combining dropout with robust training methods and obtain better generalization. We conclude that achieving robustness and accuracy in practice may require using methods that impose local Lipschitzness and augmenting them with deep learning generalization techniques. Code available at https://github.com/yangarbiter/robust-local-lipschitz
Negotiation-based Routing (2017)

Interdomain route selection is a complex process driven by constraints arising from topology, policy (e.g., commercial relationships), traffic engineering (e.g., load balancing), and performance. BGP was designed to find (a single) policy conformant route through the network for each source, destination pair. There are two fundamental problems with the route selection process of BGP. First, edge ISPs have too few options for selecting routes. Their choices are limited to the paths selected by their provider(s). As a result, there are many valid paths in the topology that cannot be used. Customers suffer when their providers select poor (from the customer’s perspective) routes, for instance, when the performance metrics for the provider and customer are different. This shortcoming is evident in trends such as increased multi-homing and the use of “intelligent routing” solutions such as those provided by RouteScience. The second problem, which is at the other extreme, is that the senders unilaterally select routes from those available to them. This ignores the traffic engineering needs of the destination and intermediate ISPs. We use the term traffic engineering to loosely refer to the process of controlling the paths through the network (driven by a high-level goal such as efficient use of the network). As a result of this route selection methodology, the destination ISP has no control over which of its upstreams gets used. Similarly, intermediate ISPs have no control over whether the upstream ISP would use the exported route, and if yes, for how much traffic. Over time hooks such as MEDs, communities, and extended communities have been added to the protocol to address this shortcoming. However, these hooks are both insufficient (e.g., ISPs have limited control over incoming paths) and have an unpredictable impact (e.g., MEDs can lead to persistent oscillations [4]). The solution to the first problem is to give more routing choices to the edge ISPs. The solution to the second problem is getting the intermediate and destinations ISPs involved in the route selection process such that the selected route suites all the ISPs. This route negotiation should be explicit and transparent, and its outcome predictable. Otherwise, the result may be a situation much like the current world in which ISPs try to manipulate the outcome to their benefit by trying to second-guess the actions of others. It is important to address both the problems together. Solving only the first exacerbates the second problem – it would be even harder for downstream ISPs to manage and provision their network, and may also have an impact on the overall stability of the Internet. Similarly, solving only the second exacerbates the first by further limiting the choices at the source ISP (downstream ISPs can reject certain routes).
A novel LBP-BPI fusion protein with in vivo efficacy and longer half life (1995)

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is a neutrophil azurophilic granule protein which binds to and neutralizes the biological activity of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin both in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic utility of BPI is hampered by its remarkably short circulating half life. BPI shares 44% sequence identity with lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), an acute phase protein which facilitates endotoxin-mediated cellular responses and has a long circulating half-life. BPI and LBP are members of a family of proteins which regulate LPS activity in vivo. Genetically engineered variants of BPI and LBP were designed to maintain the endotoxin neutralizing properties of BPI but to have an extended circulating half life. One of these, LBP-BPI, is comprised of the N-terminal half of LBP, linked to the C-terminal half of BPI. Like BPI, LBP-BPI had endotoxin neutralizing activity in vitro and in vivo and gave a significant protective effect against lethal endotoxin challenge in mice (90% survival in treated group vs 10% survival in untreated controls P &lt; 0.001). Neither LBP nor the 25 kDa N-terminal fragments of BPI and LBP were protective in this model of lethal endotoxin challenge. Pharmacokinetic studies in CD-1 mice showed that the LBP-BPI variant is cleared 74 times more slowly than BPI. Longer half-life versions of BPI have a broader window of protection and require lower overall doses to maintain therapeutically effective circulating concentrations. Molecules such as the LBP-BPI variant will have greater therapeutic utility than the native BPI molecule by virtue of these properties.
A novel scan method using angled high frequency single element needle transducers (2008)

This paper proposes a new scan method for high frequency ultrasound (higher than 40 MHz) imaging. A needle transducer with a certain angled tip is inserted through a small incision hole and rotated around the axial direction to acquire sector or polar images of tissues deep inside the body where the conventional mechanical scanning cannot be performed. The feasibility of this novel technique was tested by computer simulation of wire phantom images and manually rotated scanning to image a polyimide tube with an unfocused 40-MHz PMN-PT needle transducer with a beveled tip of 45°. The results indicate that the rotational scan imaging may expand the minimally invasive applications of high frequency ultrasound to other areas due to the closeness of the needle transducer to structures of interest buried in other tissues.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Carboxyterfenadine (Fexofenadine) and Its Bioisosteric Tetrazole Analogues. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Oasomycin A, Part I: Synthesis of the C1–C12 and C13–C28 Subunits (2006)

Vom Einzelnen zum Ganzen: Die Totalsynthese des natürlichen Makrolids Oasomycin A wurde abgeschlossen. Zu den zentralen Fragmentverknüpfungen gehören eine anti-Felkin-selektive Aldoladdition (grün), Kociensky-Julia-Olefinierungen (rot) und eine konkurrierende Weinreb-Amid-Acylierung (blau). Die Nützlichkeit von 4,5-Diphenyloxazol als Carboxy-Ersatz und die zu einem späten Zeitpunkt durchgeführte Makrolactonisierung, die den 42-gliedrigen Makrocyclus von Oasomycin A liefert, werden ebenfalls beschrieben. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z603653_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Growth inhibition of A549 human lung carcinoma cells by β-lapachone through induction of apoptosis and inhibition of telomerase activity (2005)

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of beta-lapachone, a quinone obtained from the bark of the lapacho tree (Tabebuia avellanedae), on the cell growth and apoptosis in human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Exposure of A549 cells to beta-lapachone resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner as measured by hemocytometer counts, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. This increase in apoptosis was associated with a decrease in Bcl-2 and expression, an increase of Bax, and an activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. beta-lapachone treatment markedly inhibited the activity of telomerase in a dose-dependent fashion. Additionally, the levels of human telomerase RNA (hTR) and c-myc expression were progressively down-regulated by beta-lapachone treatment. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of beta-lapachone.
Nanocrystal synthesis, μfluidic sample dilution and direct extraction of single emission linewidths in continuous flow (2020)

The rational design of semiconductor nanocrystal populations requires control of their emission linewidths, which are dictated by interparticle inhomogeneities and single-nanocrystal spectral linewidths. To date, research efforts have concentrated on minimizing the ensemble emission linewidths, however there is little knowledge about the synthetic parameters dictating single-nanocrystal linewidths. In this direction, we present a flow-based system coupled with an optical interferometry setup for the extraction of single nanocrystal properties. The platform has the ability to synthesize nanocrystals at high temperature <300 °C, adjust the particle concentration after synthesis and extract ensemble-averaged single nanocrystal emission linewidths using flow photon-correlation Fourier spectroscopy.
Advances in roll-to-roll imprint lithography for display applications (2010)

A solution to the problems of roll-to-roll lithography on flexible substrates is presented. We have developed a roll-toroll imprint lithography technique to fabricate active matrix transistor backplanes on flexible webs of polyimide that have a blanket material stack of metals, dielectrics, and semiconductors. Imprint lithography produces a multi-level 3- dimensional mask that is then successively etched to pattern the underlying layers into the desired structures. This process, Self-Aligned Imprint Lithography (SAIL), solves the layer-to-layer alignment problem because all masking levels are created with one imprint step. The processes and equipment required for complete roll-to-roll SAIL fabrication will be described. Emphasis will be placed on the advances in the roll-to-roll imprint process which have enabled us to produce working transistor arrays.
Synthetic Multivalent Molecules:  Concepts and Biomedical Applications By Seok-Ki Choi. Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, NJ. 2004. xxvi + 418 pp. 16 × 24 cm. ISBN 0471563471. $99.95. (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTSynthetic Multivalent Molecules: Concepts and Biomedical Applications By Seok-Ki Choi. Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, NJ. 2004. xxvi + 418 pp. 16 × 24 cm. ISBN 0471563471. $99.95.Jan W. F. WasleyView Author Information Simpharma LLC 1 Stone Fence Lane Guilford, Connecticut 06437Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 4, 1296Publication Date (Web):January 29, 2005Publication History Published online29 January 2005Published inissue 1 February 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm040212xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm040212xbook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ligands,Molecular interactions,Molecules,Pharmaceuticals,Receptors Get e-Alerts
The Tomato ddm1b Mutant Shows Decreased Sensitivity to Heat Stress Accompanied by Transcriptional Alterations (2021)

Heat stress is a major environmental factor limiting crop productivity, thus presenting a food security challenge. Various approaches are taken in an effort to develop crop species with enhanced tolerance to heat stress conditions. Since epigenetic mechanisms were shown to play a regulatory role in mediating plants' responses to their environment, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in response to heat stress in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>), an important vegetable crop. To meet this aim, we tested a DNA methylation-deficient tomato mutant, <i>Slddm1b</i>. In this short communication paper, we report phenotypic and transcriptomic preliminary findings, implying that the tomato <i>ddm1b</i> mutant is significantly less sensitive to heat stress compared with the background tomato line, M82. Under conditions of heat stress, this mutant line presented higher fruit set and seed set rates, as well as a higher survival rate at the seedling stage. On the transcriptional level, we observed differences in the expression of heat stress-related genes, suggesting an altered response of the <i>ddm1b</i> mutant to this stress. Following these preliminary results, further research would shed light on the specific genes that may contribute to the observed thermotolerance of <i>ddm1b</i> and their possibly altered DNA methylation status.
Random Walk for Simulation of Geobodies: A New Process-like Methodology for Reservoir Modelling (2019)

Summary A new approach for modelling geobodies in clastic reservoirs has been developed using a random walk approach. It allows generating very realistic images of geology in the 3D space, with the preservation of sediment continuity along the sedimentation profile. The method is based on the simulation of sediment transportation path through the computation of trajectories. These ones are then dressed with parametric surfaces for generating the geobodies in the gridded reservoir model. The workflow includes: 1) the computation of the transportation flow for generating stream lines; 2) the simulation of sediment trajectories guided by the stream lines; 3) the dressing of the trajectories according to the location in the 3D space. The method enables an easy conditioning to well static hard data, but also an unusual conditioning on various dynamic and seismic information and data.
脳のなかの万華鏡 : 「共感覚」のめくるめく世界 (2010)

第１章 火曜日はどんな色？ 第２章 万華鏡のような世界 第３章 茶色のＩが青になってしまいませんか？ 第４章 耳で見る 第５章 一一月は左上にある 第６章 味覚について 第７章 オーラ・オーガズム・情動 第８章 メタファー・芸術・創造性 第９章 共感覚者の脳のなか 第１０章 これからの問題
Basilar membrane and reticular lamina motion in a multi-scale finite element model of the mouse cochlea (2015)

A multi-scale finite element (FE) model of the mouse cochlea, based on its anatomy and material properties is presented. The important feature in the model is a lattice of 400 Y-shaped structures in the longitudinal direction, each formed by Deiters cells, phalangeal processes and outer hair cells (OHC). OHC somatic motility is modeled by an expansion force proportional to the shear on the stereocilia, which in turn is proportional to the pressure difference between the scala vestibule and scala tympani. Basilar membrane (BM) and reticular lamina (RL) velocity compare qualitatively very well with recent in vivo measurements in guinea pig [2]. Compared to the BM, the RL is shown to have higher amplification and a shift to higher frequencies. This comes naturally from the realistic Y-shaped cell organization without tectorial membrane tuning.
The ataxia protein sacsin is required for integrin trafficking and synaptic organization (2021)

Abstract Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is caused by mutations in SACS , which manifest as a childhood-onset cerebellar ataxia. Cellular ARSACS phenotypes include mitochondrial dysfunction, intermediate filament (IF) disorganization, and loss of Purkinje neurons. It is unclear how the loss of SACS causes these deficits, or why they manifest as cerebellar ataxia. We employed a multi-omics approach to characterize molecular and cellular deficiencies in SACS knockout (KO) cells. We identified alterations in microtubule structure and dynamics, protein trafficking, and mislocalization of synaptic and focal adhesion proteins. Targeting PTEN , a negative regulator of focal adhesions, rescued several cellular phenotypes in SACS KO cells. We found sacsin interacts with proteins implicated in vesicle transport, including HSP proteins, and interactions between structural and cell adhesion proteins were diminished in SACS KO cells. In all, this study suggests that trafficking and localization of synaptic adhesion proteins is a causal molecular deficiency in ARSACS.
Numerical Characterization of the Background Noise Generated by the ARL/Penn State Garfield Thomas Water Tunnel Impeller (2009)

The Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory has a 1.22 meter (48 inches) diameter closed loop water tunnel. The flow is driven by an axial pump with three blade rows and powered by a 1.5 MW motor. The four blades of the impeller have the highest relative velocities of any lifting surface in the facility, and generate input acoustic power which acts as a background noise floor in tunnel measurements of turbomachinery and vehicle body performance. In this paper, we investigate the sound power radiated by the impeller and its propagation through the water tunnel. Trailing edge hydrodynamic forcing functions are computed for the impeller based on local relative velocities and turbulence properties. For lower frequencies, these forces are then applied to an experimentally validated structural finite element model (FEM) of the impeller. The input power to the water tunnel is determined using an acoustic boundary element model (BEM) of the impeller. A statistical energy (SEA) model of the water tunnel allows for an estimate of the rms pressure within the water tunnel test section to provide guidance on lowering background noise.
A THz dual mode switch using MEMS switchable metamaterial (2011)

This paper presents a THz dual mode switch realized by a proper designed MEMS switchable metamaterial. The switch simultaneously controls the reflection intensity of two optical resonant modes and thus switches the ON/OFF state at two resonant frequencies. The switchable output is defined as ON state when its reflection intensity is above 65%, and OFF state if below. Furthermore, the switching between dual mode output and single mode output is also realized by suppressing one resonance mode. The proposed metamaterial dual mode switch has merits as dual mode switching and working on THz band which enable the potential applications in multi-signal control.
Strength anomaly in B2 FeAl single crystals (1994)

Strength and deformation microstructure of B2 Fe-39 and 48%Al single crystals (composition given in atomic percent), which were fully annealed to remove frozen-in vacancies, have been investigated at temperatures between room temperature and 1073K. The hardness of as-homogenized Fe-48Al is higher than that of as-homogenized Fe-39Al while after additional annealing at 698K the hardness of Fe-48Al becomes lower than that of Fe-39Al. Fe-39Al single crystals slowly cooled after homogenizing at a high temperature were deformed in compression as a function of temperature and crystal orientation. A peak of yield strength appears around 0.5T{sub m} (T{sub m} = melting temperature). The orientation dependence of the critical resolved shear stress does not obey Schmid`s law even at room temperature and is quite different from that of b.c.c. metals and B2 intermetallics at low temperatures. At the peak temperature slip transition from <111>-type to <001>-type is found to occur macroscopically and microscopically, while it is observed in TEM that some of the [111] dislocations decompose into [101] and [010] on the (1096I) plane below the peak temperature. The physical sources for the positive temperature dependence of yield stress of B2 FeAl are discussed based on the obtained results.
Goal-driven task assignment and sensor control in multi-sensor systems: a multicriteria approach (2002)

It is argued that a key for intelligence of any multi-sensor system is its capability to utilize its different resources according to the different goals of its sensory tasks. A goal-driven multi-criteria formulation for task assignment and sensor control in multi-sensor systems is proposed. The formulation ties together sensor capabilities, task goals and the information state of the system in a mathematical structure which facilitates the planning and execution of sensory actions in an active manner. It is hoped that this formulation will enhance the practicality of many existing multi-sensor systems. It is shown how the proposed formulation can be used to address the task assignment and sensor control problem in a multi-sensor range measurement system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>