gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Arg-Gly-Asp-directed receptor on the surface of human melanoma cells exists in an divalent cation-dependent functional complex with the disialoganglioside GD2. (1987)

The disialogangliosides GD2 and GD3 play a major role in the ability of human melanoma cells to attach to Arg-Gly-Asp-containing substrates such as fibronectin and vitronectin, since pretreatment of these cells with monoclonal antibodies to the oligosaccharide of GD2 and GD3 can inhibit their attachment and spreading on such adhesive proteins. This report demonstrates that human melanoma cells (M21) synthesize and express a glycoprotein receptor that shares antigenic epitopes with the vitronectin receptor on human fibroblasts and is capable of specifically recognizing the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro sequence. In the presence of calcium, GD2, the major ganglioside of M21 cells, colocalized with this receptor on the surface of human melanoma cells and their focal adhesion plaques as demonstrated by double-label transmission immunoelectron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence. Biochemical evidence is presented indicating that the vitronectin receptor on M21 human melanoma cells contains associated calcium and GD2. This ganglioside copurified with the glycoprotein receptor for vitronectin on affinity columns containing either an Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptide, concanavalin A, or lentil lectin. This major Arg-Gly-Asp-directed receptor on M21 cells could be metabolically labeled with 45Ca2+. Chelation of this ion with EDTA caused the dissociation of GD2 from the receptor and rendered the remaining glycoprotein incapable of binding to an Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptide. Reconstitution experiments demonstrated a requirement for calcium, and not magnesium, for receptor binding to Arg-Gly-Asp and indicated that addition of ganglioside can enhance this interaction.
Novel Two-Photon Absorbing Dendritic Structures (2000)

We have synthesized a series of dendrimers, generations 1 through 3, functionalized with two-photon absorbing (TPA) chromophores at their chain ends. These novel TPA materials were characterized with respect to their one- and two-photon absorption properties.
EcOH: In silico serotyping of E. coli from short read data (2015)

Abstract The lipopolysaccharide (O) and flagellar (H) surface antigens of Escherichia coli are targets for serotyping that have traditionally been used to identify pathogenic lineages of E. coli . As serotyping has several limitations, public health reference laboratories are increasingly moving towards whole genome sequencing (WGS) for the rapid characterisation of bacterial isolates. Here we present a method to rapidly and accurately serotype E. coli isolates from raw, short read sequence data, leveraging the known genetic basis for the biosynthesis of O- and H-antigens. Our approach bypasses the need for de novo genome assembly by directly screening WGS reads against a curated database of alleles linked to known E. coli O-groups and H-types (the EcOH database) using the software package SRST2. We validated our approach by comparing in silico results with those obtained via serological phenotyping of 197 enteropathogenic (EPEC) isolates. We also demonstrated the utility of our method to characterise enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and the uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) epidemic clone ST131, and for in silico serotyping of foodborne outbreak-related isolates in the public GenomeTrakr database.
Using Electronic Neutron Generators in Active Interrogation to Detect Shielded Fissionable Material (2009)

Experiments have been performed at Idaho National Laboratory to study methodology and instrumentation for performing neutron active interrogation die-away analyses for the purpose of detecting shielded fissionable material. Here we report initial work using a portable DT electronic neutron generator with a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> He neutron detector to detect shielded fissionable material including enriched uranium and reactor grade plutonium. Measurements have been taken of bare material as well as of material hidden within a large plywood cube. Results from this work have demonstrated the efficacy of the die-away neutron measurement technique for quickly detecting the presence of special nuclear material hidden within plywood shields by analyzing the time dependent neutron signals in-between neutron generator pulses. Using a DT electronic neutron generator operating at 300 Hz with a yield of approximately 0.36 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> neutrons per second, 2.2 kg of enriched uranium hidden within a 61 cm times 61 cm times 71 cm volume of plywood was positively detected with a measurement signal 2-sigma above the passive background within 1 second. Similarly, for a 500 second measurement period a lower detection limit approaching the gram level could be expected with the same simple set-up.
Plant development in space: Observations on root formation and growth (1990)

Root growth in space is discussed and observations on root production from plants flown as part of the Chromex project that were defined as to their origin, stage of development and physiological status, are presented. Roots were generated from fully differentiated, aseptically maintained individuals of Haplopappus gracilis (Compositae) under spaceflight conditions. Results are compared for tissue culture generated plantlets and comparably sized seedling clone individuals, both of which had their roots trimmed on Earth before they were loaded into NASA's plant growth unit and subjected to a 5 day shuttle flight (STS-29). Asepsis was maintained throughout the experiment. Overall root production was 40 to 50 percent greater under spaceflight conditions than during ground control tests. However, root formation slowed down towards the end of the flight. This decrease in new roots did not occur in the ground controls that sought to simulate flight except for microgravity.
Onychomycosis Insensitive to Systemic Terbinafine and Azole Treatments Reveals Non-Dermatophyte Moulds as Infectious Agents (2010)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Dermatophytes are the main cause of onychomycoses, but various non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi are often isolated from abnormal nails. &lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt; Our aim was the in situ identification of the fungal infectious agent in 8 cases of onychomycoses which could not be cured after systemic terbinafine and itraconazole treat- ment. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Fungal DNA was extracted from nail samples, and infectious fungi were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of amplified fungal ribosomal DNA using a previously described PCR/RFLP assay. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; PCR/RFLP identification of fungi in nails allows the identification of the infectious agent:&lt;i&gt; Fusarium&lt;/i&gt; sp., &lt;i&gt;Acremonium &lt;/i&gt;sp. and &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus &lt;/i&gt;sp. were found as a sole infectious agent in 5, 2 and 1 cases, respectively. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Fusarium&lt;/i&gt; spp. and other non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi are especially difficult to cure in onychomycoses utilising standard treatment with terbinafine and itraconazole. PCR fungal identification helps demonstrate the presence of moulds in order to prescribe alternative antifungal treatments.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiol Ester—Boronic Acid Cross‐Coupling. Catalysis Using Alkylative Activation of the Palladium Thiolate Intermediate. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Surgical Apgar Score Predicts an Increased Risk of Major Complications and Death after Renal Mass Excision (2014)

The Surgical Apgar Score is an easily collected metric that can identify patients at higher risk for major complications and death after renal mass excision. A prospective trial to help further delineate the optimal use of this tool in an adjusted perioperative management approach with patients undergoing renal mass excision is warranted.
Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Is Often Elevated in (1997)

In adults, marked angiogenesis takes place only during the female reproductive cycles, during wound healing, and accompanying some disease processes, such as tumor development. Vascular endothellal growth factor (VEGF) is a secreted, endothelial cell-specific growth factor, which Is induced by tissue hypoxia and Is anglogenic in vivo. We measured serum VEGF (S-VEGF) concentrations by ELISA in patients with a variety of types of cancer, as well as in healthy volunteers, and In patients with diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated S-VEGF concentrations were found in patients with locoregional (n = 39; median, 158 pg/mi; range, 8-664 pg/mI) or disseminated (n 58; median, 214 pg/mI; range, 17-1711 pg/mi) cancer in companson to individuals without cancer (n = 113; median, 17 pg/ml; range, 1-177 pg/mI; P < 0.0001 for both compansons). Values higher than 200 pg/mi were observed in 74% of patients with untreated metastatic cancer, and high serum levels were measured regardless of the histological type of cancer. S-VEGF levels were found to be higher in untreated patients with disseminated cancer than in those with local cancer (P = 0.006), and patients undergoing cancer therapy had lower values than those without cancer therapy (P 0.03). The results indicate that both patients with locoregional cancer and patients with disseminated cancer may have elevated S-VEGF levels, regardless of the histological type of cancer, and that S-VEGF is often elevated in cancer wIth distant metastases.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Aminotetralins by Electrophilic Amination. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Class Specific 3D Object Shape Priors Using Surface Normals (2014)

Dense 3D reconstruction of real world objects containing textureless, reflective and specular parts is a challenging task. Using general smoothness priors such as surface area regularization can lead to defects in the form of disconnected parts or unwanted indentations. We argue that this problem can be solved by exploiting the object class specific local surface orientations, e.g. a car is always close to horizontal in the roof area. Therefore, we formulate an object class specific shape prior in the form of spatially varying anisotropic smoothness terms. The parameters of the shape prior are extracted from training data. We detail how our shape prior formulation directly fits into recently proposed volumetric multi-label reconstruction approaches. This allows a segmentation between the object and its supporting ground. In our experimental evaluation we show reconstructions using our trained shape prior on several challenging datasets.
Separation of Xylene Isomers through Multiple Metal Site Interactions in Metal–Organic Frameworks (2018)

Purification of the C<sub>8</sub> alkylaromatics o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, and ethylbenzene remains among the most challenging industrial separations, due to the similar shapes, boiling points, and polarities of these molecules. Herein, we report the evaluation of the metal-organic frameworks Co<sub>2</sub>(dobdc) (dobdc<sup>4-</sup> = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and Co<sub>2</sub>( m-dobdc) ( m-dobdc<sup>4-</sup> = 4,6-dioxido-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate) for the separation of xylene isomers using single-component adsorption isotherms and multicomponent breakthrough measurements. Remarkably, Co<sub>2</sub>(dobdc) distinguishes among all four molecules, with binding affinities that follow the trend o-xylene > ethylbenzene > m-xylene > p-xylene. Multicomponent liquid-phase adsorption measurements further demonstrate that Co<sub>2</sub>(dobdc) maintains this selectivity over a wide range of concentrations. Structural characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that both frameworks facilitate the separation through the extent of interaction between each C<sub>8</sub> guest molecule with two adjacent cobalt(II) centers, as well as the ability of each isomer to pack within the framework pores. Moreover, counter to the presumed rigidity of the M<sub>2</sub>(dobdc) structure, Co<sub>2</sub>(dobdc) exhibits an unexpected structural distortion in the presence of either o-xylene or ethylbenzene that enables the accommodation of additional guest molecules.
Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) Complex Proteins Facilitate Orthopoxvirus Entry, Fusion and Spread (2020)

Although orthopoxviruses (OPXV) are known to encode a majority of the genes required for replication in host cells, genome-wide genetic screens have revealed that several host pathways are indispensable for OPXV infection. Through a haploid genetic screen, we previously identified several host genes required for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection, including the individual genes that form the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex. The COG complex is an eight-protein (COG1-COG8) vesicle tethering complex important for regulating membrane trafficking, glycosylation enzymes, and maintaining Golgi structure. In this study, we investigated the role of the COG complex in OPXV infection using cell lines with individual COG gene knockout (KO) mutations. COG KO cells infected with MPXV and vaccinia virus (VACV) produced small plaques and a lower virus yield compared to wild type (WT) cells. In cells where the KO phenotype was reversed using a rescue plasmid, the size of virus plaques increased demonstrating a direct link between the decrease in viral spread and the KO of COG genes. KO cells infected with VACV displayed lower levels of viral fusion and entry compared to WT suggesting that the COG complex is important for early events in OPXV infection. Additionally, fewer actin tails were observed in VACV-infected KO cells compared to WT. Since COG complex proteins are required for cellular trafficking of glycosylated membrane proteins, the disruption of this process due to lack of individual COG complex proteins may potentially impair the virus-cell interactions required for viral entry and egress. These data validate that the COG complex previously identified in our genetic screens plays a role in OPXV infection.
The involvement of the ami operon in Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence regulation and biofilm formation reveals new functions for the amidase AmiE (2017)

We have previously shown that the C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP), a peptide produced by the lung, prevents Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. In the present study, we identified AmiC as the bacterial target explaining CNP effects, and we studied the involvement of the aliphatic amidase AmiE in these effects. Comparison of 3D structures of human natriuretic peptide receptors and Pseudomonas proteins revealed that the bacterial protein AmiC shows significant similarity with the human C-type natriuretic peptide receptor (hNPR-C). Recombinant protein AmiC was purified and protein/peptide interactions assessed using MicroScale Thermophoresis. Results showed that both CNP and hNPR-C agonists bind the AmiC protein. The amiC gene belongs to the ami operon. This operon also encodes the aliphatic amidase AmiE which hydrolyses short-chain aliphatic amides to their corresponding organic acids. We investigated AmiE potential alternative functions in P. aeruginosa. We observed that over expression of AmiE protein altered biofilm formation, bacterial motilities and quorum sensing molecules production. Using several infection models, we demonstrated that AmiE overproduction led to a strong decrease in P. aeruginosa virulence both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that in addition to its carbon-nitrogen metabolic process activities, AmiE would have multiple other functions. We demonstrate that the bacterial protein AmiC is an ortholog of the eukaryotic receptor hNPR-C, acting as a CNP sensor in P. aeruginosa. Our data show that the whole ami operon has new functions in bacteria, allowing to modulate the switch between chronic and acute infection depending on exposition to host factors.
Dead-zone digital controller for improved dynamic response of power factor preregulators (2003)

This paper presents a simple control method for improvement of dynamic responses in a digitally controlled low-harmonic rectifier with power factor correction (PFC). The controller uses a fixed or self-adjusting dead zone in analog-to-digital conversion to eliminate the output capacitor ripple from the voltage control loop. The proposed control methods are tested in a completely digitally controlled 200 W boost PFC operating at 200 kHz switching frequency. Experimental results show that the simple controller implementation results in low current harmonics and significantly improved output voltage transient responses.
An evaluation of the gel pond performance (1982)

The gel pond concept replaces the stratified non-convective zone of the traditional salt gradient pond by a transparent layer of viscous or near-solid polymer gel. As part of the continuing development of this technology, the effect of gel thickness upon the performance of the gel solar pond is being studied. A simplified steady state model describing the physics of the pond has been constructed and tested. Preliminary comparison between the surface heat losses from the gel pond and a nearby salt gradient pond have been made. The measured values of insolation were used in the model to compute the temperature profiles in the gel layer, and in the non-convective layer of the salt gradient pond. The model was used to calculate collection, retention, and effective retention efficiencies for the gel pond for different gel thicknesses and estimate the surface heat losses for both the gel pond and the salt gradient pond. The calculated temperature profiles, for both the gel layer and the non-convective layer in the two ponds compared well with experimental data. It was found that a minimum gel thickness of 0.15 m was adequate on the basis of the effective retention efficiency. The surface heat losses from themore » 0.25 m gel pond were approximately half those from the salt gradient pond with 1 m stratified zone under the same conditions. Based on the preliminary work, the gel pond concept appears to be superior to the classic salt gradient pond, for solar collection and storage.« less
Motor current signature analysis during accelerated life testing of form wound induction motors (2010)

The work presented in this paper describes motor accelerated thermo-mechanical aging and helps set the stage for on-line monitoring/data analysis as an effective means to detect a fault as electrical machine develops it and identify its type in real time. As a first step towards this goal, Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) is applied to the data collected during accelerated thermo-mechanical aging of a formed wound induction motor tested to failure. The characteristic frequencies corresponding to detecting broken bars, stator inter-turn shorts, static/dynamic eccentricities and gradual degradation of the machine insulation are identified and sought from the collected data. To accomplish this accelerated aging, the motor was started/stopped frequently and subjected to overload in a steady state manner to subject it to severe thermo-mechanical stresses. Detailed analysis of experimental data is presented. It is hoped that this effort would pave the way for future work where on-line monitoring and diagnostics become a standard tool for life extension, lower maintenance cost, condition based loading, etc. for electrical assets.
Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14th century (2022)

We report genome-wide data from 33 Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), dated to the 14<sup>th</sup> century, obtained following a salvage excavation at the medieval Jewish cemetery of Erfurt, Germany. The Erfurt individuals are genetically similar to modern AJ, but they show more variability in Eastern European-related ancestry than modern AJ. A third of the Erfurt individuals carried a mitochondrial lineage common in modern AJ and eight carried pathogenic variants known to affect AJ today. These observations, together with high levels of runs of homozygosity, suggest that the Erfurt community had already experienced the major reduction in size that affected modern AJ. The Erfurt bottleneck was more severe, implying substructure in medieval AJ. Overall, our results suggest that the AJ founder event and the acquisition of the main sources of ancestry pre-dated the 14<sup>th</sup> century and highlight late medieval genetic heterogeneity no longer present in modern AJ.
Improved Functional Group Compatibility in the Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Aryl Amines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Comparison of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Misonidazole in Fractionated Irradiation of Murine Tumors (1981)

Herman D. Suit, Peter Maimonis, Howard B. Michaels, Robert Sedlacek, Comparison of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Misonidazole in Fractionated Irradiation of Murine Tumors, Radiation Research, Vol. 87, No. 2, Symposium on Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Effects and Their Significance (Aug., 1981), pp. 360-367
Toward High-Throughput Thermal Characterization of Combinatorial Thin-Film Solid State Phase Change Materials (2021)

Phase change materials (PCMs) offer a passive methodology to store thermal energy and mitigate transient temperature increases. Those that go from one solid-state phase to another remove the need for confinement structures imposed by PCMs which melt or sublimate. The use of solid-to-solid state phase change materials is an emerging topic of interest, and the parameters governing the use of such materials in high power applications (namely, thermal conductivity, latent heat, volumetric specific heat, and transformation temperature) are not well-understood in solid-to-solid metallic PCMs (such as those exhibiting reversible Martensitic transformations). It has been demonstrated that thermal conductivity, latent heat, and transformation temperature in these systems can be significantly tailored by adjusting the processing conditions, but little data exists on the impact of compositional variants of ternary or quaternary elements exhibiting the shape memory effect. A main limitation is the lack of rapid, high-throughput experimental methodologies capable of characterizing these quantities to better inform design of materials. In this work, we demonstrate efficacy of a finite element method to explore parametric spaces for designs of test structures capable of simultaneously resolving thermal conductivity, specific heat, latent heat, and transformation temperature. Test structures will be fabricated using photolithography and thin film deposition techniques capable of combinatorial thin film fabrication. The goal of this work is to determine whether the proposed design - a thermally isolated suspended platform - will be capable of resolving transient and frequency-domain thermal signal to recover the desired properties. This work relies on finite element modeling using multiphysics software COMSOL v5.5 to predict experimental sensitivity to the input parameters, and will ultimately rely on coupling finite element models to fitting algorithms to determine unknown material properties. This combined thermal characterization strategy represents a leap-ahead for PCM characterization capabilities. Rapid characterization of wide compositional variations will enable accelerated progress in leveraging PCMs for high power applications.