gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concise Approach to 1-thiaHydantocidin (1996)

Abstract The synthesis of 1-thiaHydantocidin, a close analog of the total herbicide Hydantocidin, is described starting from 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl cyanide.
Inactivating germ-line and somatic mutations in polypeptide N -acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 12 in human colon cancers (2009)

Aberrant glycosylation is a pathological alteration that is widespread in colon cancer, and usually accompanies the onset and progression of the disease. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant glycosylation remain largely unknown. In this study, we identify somatic and germ-line mutations in the gene encoding for polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 12 (GALNT12) in individuals with colon cancer. Biochemical analyses demonstrate that each of the 8 GALNT12 mutations identified inactivates the normal function of the GALNT enzyme in initiating mucin type O-linked protein glycosylation. Two of these inactivating GALNT12 mutations were identified as acquired somatic mutations in a set of 30 microsatellite stable colon tumors. Relative to background gene mutation rates, finding these somatic GALNT12 mutations was statistically significant at P < 0.001. Six additional inactivating GALNT12 mutations were detected as germ-line changes carried by patients with colon cancer; however, no inactivating variants were detected among cancer-free controls (P = 0.005). Notably, in 3 of the 6 individuals harboring inactivating germ-line GALNT12 mutations, both a colon cancer and a second independent epithelial cancer had developed. These findings suggest that genetic defects in the O-glycosylation pathway in part underlie aberrant glycosylation in colon cancers, and they contribute to the development of a subset of these malignancies.
Carbonate Ocean: A High-Fidelity Process-Based Sediment Model Suitable for Reservoir Management Application (2021)

Summary Carbonate Ocean is a new forward sediment model that uses a high-fidelity process-based approach to generate carbonate sediment stratigraphy meter-scale lateral resolution and centimeter scale vertical resolution. The formulation integrates a wide number of biological, chemical and physical feedbacks that determine spatial variations in carbonate sediment productivity and transport and importantly, does not required users to supply deterministic rates of sediment production for carbonate environments. We present three demonstrations of the capabilities of Carbonate Ocean illustrating the ability of the program. This includes a simulation showing the impact of ocean biochemical processes on grainstone sediment production rate distributions and another showing the migration of key carbonate producing organisms with environmental change. We conclude with an illustration of the level of sedimentological detail that we are capable of capturing with these models, highlighting the capability of Carbonate Ocean to capture small scale sedimentological heterogeneities that may be key to understanding flow in carbonate systems.
Many-to-One Throughput Capacity of IEEE 802.11 Multi-hop Wireless Networks (2007)

This paper investigates the many-to-one throughput capacity (and by symmetry, one-to-many throughput capacity) of IEEE 802.11 multi-hop networks. It has generally been assumed in prior studies that the many-to-one throughput capacity is upper-bounded by the link capacity L. Throughput capacity L is not achievable under 802.11. This paper introduces the notion of "canonical networks", which is a class of regularly-structured networks whose capacities can be analyzed more easily than unstructured networks. We show that the throughput capacity of canonical networks under 802.11 has an analytical upper bound of 3L/4 when the source nodes are two or more hops away from the sink; and simulated throughputs of 0.690L (0.740L) when the source nodes are many hops away. We conjecture that 3L/4 is also the upper bound for general networks. When all links have equal length, 2L/3 can be shown to be the upper bound for general networks. Our simulations show that 802.11 networks with random topologies operated with AODV routing can only achieve throughputs far below the upper bounds. Fortunately, by properly selecting routes near the gateway (or by properly positioning the relay nodes leading to the gateway) to fashion after the structure of canonical networks, the throughput can be improved significantly by more than 150%. Indeed, in a dense network, it is worthwhile to deactivate some of the relay nodes near the sink judiciously.
Synthesis of D4-6′-hydroxy-O-demethylangolensin, a deuterium labelled metabolite of genistein (2000)

6′-Hydroxy-O-demethylangolensin [1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-2-one] has been recently established as a metabolite of genistein in human urine. We report here the synthesis of 3,3,3″,5″-d4-6′-hydroxy-O-demethylangolensin 5 for use as an internal standard in quantitative measurements. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrical Modeling of Ferroelectric Tunable Microwave Components and Circuits (2005)

Ba(1−x)Sr x TiO 3 (BST) is currently being investigated for applications in tunable microwave devices and circuits. Our group has demonstrated several working ferroelectric tunable microwave circuits in collaboration with NASA Glenn Research center in the past several years. Current work is underway in optimizing the ferroelectric thin-films properties at microwave frequencies, in collaboration with Air Force Research Laboratories. Ferroelectric tunable filters, couplers, and phase shifters have been demonstrated in the past using two-layered microstrip or coplanar waveguide configuration. Accurate electrical modeling of ferroelectric tunable components and circuits will be presented in detail in this work. With known material properties such as dielectric tunability, capacitance vs voltage, and Q values over a wide frequency range, one could model any circuit and estimate the circuit's performance over a wide frequency range. Electrical models can be developed that predict the frequency tunability, and the effect of the dielectric tunability on various circuit parameters. For example, in the tunable filters, the effect of dielectric tunability of the ferroelectric thin-film on the filter's passband insertion loss, return loss, bandwidth, and frequency shift could be assessed using a simple lumped element circuit models. We have also developed models for MEMS capacitive shunt switches using BST thin-film as a dielectric layer for phase shifter applications. Keywords: Ferroelectricstunable microwave devicestunable filterselectrical modeling Acknowledgments Paper originally presented at AMF-4, Bangalore, India, December 12–15, 2003
62‐2: Deep‐Red and Near‐Infrared OLEDs with High Efficiency and Long Lifetime for Display and Light‐Source Applications (2020)

A deep‐red OLED satisfying the BT.2020 standard achieved an extremely high external quantum efficiency (EQE) over 30% and long lifetime. Furthermore, a near‐infrared OLED with an emission peak around 800 nm, a maximum EQE of 7.2%, and less degradation was demonstrated. This efficiency is the best among reported near‐infrared OLEDs.
Region 8 Chapter Chairs Meeting [Society News] (2017)

Presents information on the activities of various SSC society chapters.
Design and characterization of functionalized silica nanocontainers for self-healing materials (2011)

Silica nanocapsules functionalized with thiol or amine groups with sizes between 100 and 400 nm could be successfully synthesized using the interface of direct miniemulsion droplets for the hydrolysis and condensation of silicon alkoxides. We show that healing agents such as monomers and catalysts can be successfully encapsulated in the silica shell. The catalyst was encapsulated as a solution to allow a better mobility when released for a self-healing reaction. The functional groups were quantified by 29Si MAS-NMR, XPS, and chemical titration. Therefore a precise picture for the gradient of concentration of functional groups inside the shell could be given. The encapsulated reagents were found to be still active and the self-healing reaction could be successfully monitored by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF ORGANOMAGNESIUM HALIDES TO CARBON:CARBON BONDS, XI. REACTIONS OF GRIGNARD COMPOUNDS WITH BUTADIENE AND ISOPRENE (1978)

Abstract Die Alkenyl‐Mg‐halogenide (I) reagieren mit Butadien (II) zu über 90% regiloselektiv unter Metall‐an‐C‐2‐Addition bei gleichzeitiger Allylinversion und 2,4‐Metallverschiebung; nach Hydrolyse werden die Hauptprodukte (III) und (IV) isoliert.
Establishment of Redispersion Technology on Slurry-Based 3DP Process. (2000)

Three Dimensional Printing (3DPTM) is an outstanding method for fabricating complex 3D-shaped parts, that cannot be obtained by the conventional methods such as dry press, sheet stack, tape casting, and so on. In order to accomplish green part retrieval from ceramic powder-bed, it is indispensable to study redispersion technology. For the purpose, the effects of redispersion on Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and MR2 ceramic powder beds were investigated with special reference to the molecular weight and concentration of various poly ethylene glycol (PEG) as organic dispersants. Furthermore, redispersion phenomena were discussed in terms of chemical potential and osmotic pressure between powder bed and solvent. The experimental results were estimated with Flory-Huggins and van't Hoff theories. Under the appropriate redispersing conditions, it is emphasized that different types of electronics parts were obtained at the same time in one powder bed eventually.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Catalytic Hydrodefluorination of Polyfluoroarenes by Concerted Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution with a Hydrosilicate (2017)

A transition-metal-free catalytic hydrodefluorination (HDF) reaction of polyfluoroarenes is described. The reaction involves direct hydride transfer from a hydrosilicate as the key intermediate, which is generated from a hydrosilane and a fluoride salt. The eliminated fluoride regenerates the hydrosilicate to complete the catalytic cycle. Dispersion-corrected DFT calculations indicated that the HDF reaction proceeds through a concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution (CS<sub>N</sub> Ar) process.
Using the Monte Carlo Method to Obtain Relaxation Time Distribution and Comparing Non-linear Spectral Function Fits (2001)

In this paper, we present a technique for analyzing dielectric response data in the frequency domain, x(w)=E(w)-E,= &’(U)-&-- i&”(u). We use a predistribution of relaxation times and reconstruct the original data by single Debye relaxations using a box constraint, least squares algorithm. The resulting relaxation times IT^,, and their amplitudes AE~, yield the relaxation time spectrum, where i is equal or less than the number of data points. Two different predistributions of relaxation times are considered, log-uniform and adaptive. The adaptive predistribution is determined by the real part of the dielectric susceptibility x’, and it allows for the increase of the number of effective relaxation times used in the fitting procedure. Furthermore, since the number of unknowns is limited to the number of data points, the Monte Carlo technique is introduced. In this way, the fitting procedure is repeated many times with randomly selected relaxation times, and the number of relaxation times treated in the procedure becomes continuous. The proposed method is tested for ‘ideal’ and measured data. Finally, the method is compared with a nonlinear curve fitting by a spectral function which consists of three contributions, i.e. the Havriliak-Negami relaxation polarization, low frequency dispersion and dc conductivity. It has been found that more information can be obtained from a particular data set if it is compared with a nonlinear curve fitting procedure. The method also can be used instead of the Kramers-Kronig transformation.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Synthesis of Dimethyltitanocene. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High-Speed Characterization of Parallel Mach-Zehnder Optical Modulators (2019)

Imperfections in parallel Mach-Zehnder optical modulators would degrade optical signal generation for advanced modulation formats. This paper presents a method to measure the parameters that describe such imperfections and experimentally demonstrates it using high-speed optical measurements.
Full Power Operation of an Ultra-Compact, Low Voltage Reltron Microwave Source (2002)

This paper presents the results of a characterization study performed on the pulsed power system of the UNM Reltron, an ultra‐compact, low voltage (∼100 kV) high power microwave source. The results presented include vacuum system operation, full power operation of the pulsed power system, and initial operation of the tube. Since the electron beam modulator is essentially the heart of the Reltron, responsible for the efficient generation of the electron bunches in a short distance, we also present cold test measurements on the electron beam modulator and microwave extraction system. The main objective of the research was to characterize the electron beam modulator and identify a regime of stable operation.
Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition (2015)

Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona. We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities. To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay. No significant differences were observed with regards to the hard protein corona. For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface. Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat. In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities. Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona. We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied. As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
E2/ER β Enhances Calcineurin Protein Degradation and PI3K/Akt/MDM2 Signal Transduction to Inhibit ISO-Induced Myocardial Cell Apoptosis (2017)

Secretion of multifunctional estrogen and its receptor has been widely considered as the reason for markedly higher frequency of heart disease in men than in women. 17β-Estradiol (E2), for instance, has been reported to prevent development of cardiac apoptosis via activation of estrogen receptors (ERs). In addition, protein phosphatase such as protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and calcineurin (PP2B) are also involved in cardiac hypertrophy and cell apoptosis signaling. However, the mechanism by which E2/ERβ suppresses apoptosis is not fully understood, and the role of protein phosphatase in E2/ERβ action also needs further investigation. In this study, we observed that E2/ERβ inhibited isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial cell apoptosis, cytochrome <i>c</i> release and downstream apoptotic markers. Moreover, we found that E2/ERβ blocks ISO-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells through the enhancement of calcineurin protein degradation through PI3K/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that supplementation with estrogen and/or overexpression of estrogen receptor β gene may prove to be effective means to treat stress-induced myocardial damage.
(1R,5R)‐(+)‐Verbenone of High Optical Purity (2003)

Abstract (1R,5R)‐(+)‐verbenone of high optical purity reactant: (1R)‐(+)‐α‐Pinene (25.0 g, 0.183 mol intermediate: mixture of acetates product: verbenone
A pipelined 14-tap parallel decision-feedback decoder for 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (2002)

Parallel decision feedback decoding is the preferred algorithm for joint postcursor equalization and trellis decoding in 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet, as it achieves most of the theoretically possible coding gain at a reasonable hardware complexity. However, the VLSI implementation of a 125 MHz, 14-tap parallel decision-feedback decoder (PDFD) is very challenging because of the critical path problem. This paper presents a pipelined 14-tap PDFD VLSI architecture for 1000BASE-T. The design is implemented in 3.3 V 0.16 /spl mu/m standard cell CMOS process and operates at 125 MHz to achieve 1 Gb/s throughput. Compared to a conventional 14-tap PDFD implementation, the processing speed is improved by a factor of two.
Discovering the Hidden Structure of Complex Dynamic Systems (2013)

Dynamic Bayesian networks provide a compact and natural representation for complex dynamic systems. However, in many cases, there is no expert available from whom a model can be elicited. Learning provides an alternative approach for constructing models of dynamic systems. In this paper, we address some of the crucial computational aspects of learning the structure of dynamic systems, particularly those where some relevant variables are partially observed or even entirely unknown. Our approach is based on the Structural Expectation Maximization (SEM) algorithm. The main computational cost of the SEM algorithm is the gathering of expected sufficient statistics. We propose a novel approximation scheme that allows these sufficient statistics to be computed efficiently. We also investigate the fundamental problem of discovering the existence of hidden variables without exhaustive and expensive search. Our approach is based on the observation that, in dynamic systems, ignoring a hidden variable typically results in a violation of the Markov property. Thus, our algorithm searches for such violations in the data, and introduces hidden variables to explain them. We provide empirical results showing that the algorithm is able to learn the dynamics of complex systems in a computationally tractable way.
CD antigens 2002 (2002)

The process of categorizing the antigenic molecules and epitopes associated with human white cells, via the collaborative study of monoclonal antibodies, dates back to the early 1980s, when the first HLDA (Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigen) Workshop was held in Paris. This initial meeting
Asymptotic analysis of a partial feedback OFDMA system employing spatial, spectral, and multiuser diversity (2012)

Spatial and multiuser diversity are two types of diversity techniques for delivering reliable high-date-rate services. Spectral diversity comes from opportunistic scheduling in the frequency domain enabled by the OFDMA technique, and is influenced by partial feedback design. By employing the best-M partial feedback strategy, we provide a unified view of spatial, spectral, and multiuser diversity through asymptotic (in users) analysis. We examine the tail behavior of the distribution of the received channel quality information (CQI) at the scheduler to prove the type of convergence as well as to derive the asymptotic approximations for the average spectral efficiency under partial feedback. We investigate the application of our analysis to different spatial diversity schemes. Our derived results can be used to quickly determine the minimum required partial feedback in a general multiuser MIMO-OFDMA system.
Thin‐Film Transistors: ZnO Nanofiber Thin‐Film Transistors with Low‐Operating Voltages (Adv. Electron. Mater. 1/2018) (2018)

High-performance, low-power and enhancement-mode ZnO nanofiber thin-film transistors with impressive electrical characteristics, such as a small positive threshold voltage of ≈0.9 V, are demonstrated by Fukai Shan, Johnny C. Ho, and co-workers in article number 1700336. When high-κ AlOx dielectrics are employed, the device operating voltage can be substantially reduced, with a 10× increase in the electron mobility, indicating the potency of these nanofibers for nextgeneration electronics.
Monolithic mode-locked erbium-doped LiNbO3 waveguide laser with dielectric multilayer mirror (2012)

We fabricated a diode-pumped mode-locked Ti-diffused Er-doped LiNbO3 (Ti:Er:LN) laser with a SiO2/TiO2 dielectric multi-layered mirror. The lasing threshold power was 70mW at 1484nm, and the slope efficiency was 1.48%. Stable optical pulses with a width of 10.86ps were measured by driving the phase modulator at 13.575GHz.
A Metasurface-based Wearable Antenna with Enhanced Directivity for Heart Rate Variability Monitoring (2022)

This paper presents a 5.8 GHz wearable rectangular ring antenna (RRA) with a metasurface that is constructed by a square split-ring resonator (SSRR) with an overlay square loop. The metasurface increases the directivity of the RRA to improve the sensing sensitivity of a bistatic self-injection-locked (SIL) Doppler radar for monitoring heart rate variability (HRV). The radar with the proposed antenna was first tested to detect a periodic movement of a copper plate and confirm a 77% improvement in detection amplitude due to the use of the metasurface. Then it was worn on the chest of a subject to measure his HRV. The extracted interbeat interval (IBI) from the radar measurements was compared to the electrocardiogram (ECG) results, showing a strong agreement with an average percentage root mean square error (PRMSE) of 6.26% or an average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.90% throughout the experiments with different subjects.
Supplementary Table 1 from The Immunomodulatory Benzodiazepine Bz-423 Inhibits B-Cell Proliferation by Targeting c-Myc Protein for Rapid and Specific Degradation (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from The Immunomodulatory Benzodiazepine Bz-423 Inhibits B-Cell Proliferation by Targeting c-Myc Protein for Rapid and Specific Degradation
Non‐uniform probabilities of quantal release at the crayfish neuromuscular junction. (1976)

1. Transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction of the crayfish walking leg has been found to deviate from binomial predictions immediately after the onset of repetitive stimulation of the presynaptic nerve at frequencies of at least 15 Hz. 2. After several minutes of continuous stimulation, and at lower rates of stimulation, however, the number of quanta released could be described quite well by binomial or Poisson statistics. 3. Deviations from the theoretical expectations were characterized by (a) fewer release failures than predicted, (b) occasions in which the number of quanta released was more than the estimated number of quanta available for release, and (c) a tendency for the data to be underdispersed. 4. Each of these three characteristics are consistent with the hypothesis that different releasable quanta may have different probabilities of responding to a nerve impulse. 5. Using two different methods, different values of the non‐uniform probabilities were estimated from the data. At each synaptic site at least one of the estimated probabilities was very high. 6. The need for caution in interpreting statistical description of quantal release is emphasized.