gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RF characterization of ESD protection structures [RFIC applications] (2004)

ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection design for RF ICs is a challenging design problem. This paper reports a comprehensive RF characterization of various RF ESD protection structures, including S-parameters, parasitic capacitance and resistance. It is found that a dual-direction SCR type ESD protection structure is the best RF ESD protection solution and an optimized two/three-diode string is an attractive solution as well. A new optimization parameter, F-factor, is introduced to evaluate the overall performance of RF ESD protection structures. A dual-SCR structure of 257 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ for 2 kV ESD protection features 43.2 fF parasitic capacitance at 2.4 GHz and F=180. This work is conducted using a commercial 0.35 /spl mu/m BiCMOS technology.
A virtual imaging trial framework to study cardiac CT blooming artifacts (2022)

Cardiac CT is a safe, accurate, non-invasive method widely employed for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and planning therapeutic interventions. Even with state-of-the-art CT technology, calcium blooming artifacts may limit the accuracy of coronary stenosis assessment. A variety of solutions to reduce blooming artifacts have been proposed, including hardware improvements, protocol optimizations, and software deblooming techniques [1-6]. Hardware developments and clinical studies (for protocol optimization or training data generation) can be expensive, time-consuming, and impractical. Hence, there is an opportunity for a Virtual Clinical Trial (VCT) framework [7-8] to help researchers to evaluate the impact of various solutions on calcium blooming and to create training datasets for developing deep learning solutions for deblooming. In this paper, we present a new VCT framework for generating cardiac CT images with calcium blooming with a variety of CT hardware parameters, CT scan protocols and CT reconstruction kernels. As an example, we use the VCT framework to investigate the impact of three common scan and reconstruction parameters (X-ray tube voltage, focal spot size, and reconstruction kernel) on calcium blooming artifacts. We conclude that tube voltage and reconstruction kernel have the most direct impact on calcium blooming, which is consistent with earlier clinical reports [9-12].
Fabrication of large-sag aspheric micro-optics with nanometer accuracy using electron-beam lithography on curved substrates (2006)

Smooth patterns were written into PMGI electron-beam resist using electron-beam lithography on BK7 blank concave mirror substrates, resulting in aspheric optics with sag as large as 4 µm. Interference microscope measurements revealed that the fabricated optics had height accuracy of 10 nm. These optics were designed for flattop mode shaping in laser resonators. Excellent performance of these optics has been demonstrated by testing them as fixed phase-conjugate mirrors outside laser resonators, as well as mode-shaping mirrors within laser resonators.
Perfluoroalkyl Chains Direct Novel Self-Assembly of Insulin (2011)

The self-assembly of biopharmaceutical peptides into multimeric, nanoscale objects, as well as their disassembly to monomers, is central for their mode of action. Here, we describe a bioorthogonal strategy, using a non-native recognition principle, for control of protein self-assembly based on intermolecular fluorous interactions and demonstrate it for the small protein insulin. Perfluorinated alkyl chains of varying length were attached to desB30 human insulin by acylation of the ε-amine of the side-chain of LysB29. The insulin analogues were formulated with Zn(II) and phenol to form hexamers. The self-segregation of fluorous groups directed the insulin hexamers to self-assemble. The structures of the systems were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering. Also, the binding affinity to the insulin receptor was measured. Interestingly, varying the length of the perfluoroalkyl chain provided three different scenarios for self-assembly; the short chains hardly affected the native hexameric structure, the medium-length chains induced fractal-like structures with the insulin hexamer as the fundamental building block, while the longest chains lead to the formation of structures with local cylindrical geometry. This hierarchical self-assembly system, which combines Zn(II) mediated hexamer formation with fluorous interactions, is a promising tool to control the formation of high molecular weight complexes of insulin and potentially other proteins.
Antagonizing binding of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein 1 (CARP-1) to the NEMO/IKKγ protein enhances the anticancer effect of chemotherapy (2020)

NF-κB is a pro-inflammatory transcription factor that critically regulates immune responses and other distinct cellular pathways. However, many NF-κB-mediated pathways for cell survival and apoptosis signaling in cancer remain to be elucidated. Cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein 1 (CARP-1 or CCAR1) is a perinuclear phosphoprotein that regulates signaling induced by anticancer chemotherapy and growth factors. Although previous studies have reported that CARP-1 is a part of the NF-κB proteome, regulation of NF-κB signaling by CARP-1 and the molecular mechanism(s) involved are unclear. Here, we report that CARP-1 directly binds the NF-κB-activating kinase IκB kinase subunit γ (NEMO or NF-κB essential modulator) and regulates the chemotherapy-activated canonical NF-κB pathway. Importantly, blockade of NEMO-CARP-1 binding diminished NF-κB activation, indicated by reduced phosphorylation of its subunit p65/RelA by the chemotherapeutic agent adriamycin (ADR), but not NF-κB activation induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1β, or epidermal growth factor. High-throughput screening of a chemical library yielded a small molecule inhibitor of NEMO-CARP-1 binding, termed selective NF-κB inhibitor 1 (SNI)-1). We noted that SNI-1 enhances chemotherapy-dependent growth inhibition of a variety of cancer cells, including human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and patient-derived TNBC cells <i>in vitro</i>, and attenuates chemotherapy-induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-8. SNI-1 also enhanced ADR or cisplatin inhibition of murine TNBC tumors <i>in vivo</i> and reduced systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We conclude that inhibition of NEMO-CARP-1 binding enhances responses of cancer cells to chemotherapy.
Surgical Technique for Revision Total Hip Replacement (2009)

Learning Objectives Learn methods of surgical approach that allow component removal and insertion in revision total hip arthroplasty Understand implant reinsertion techniques
Flexible route to fabricate excellent adsorbents for vitamin B 12 by specially designed oil‐drop process (2016)

This work presented the preparation of an excellent adsorbent composed of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and activated carbon (AC) with hierarchical porous structure by specially designed oil‐drop process. In this process, CNTs were pre‐dispersed in the ethanol diluted phenolic formaldehyde resin and subsequently, the uniform suspension was injected dropwise into the stratified liquids. These liquids were composed of paraffin, polydimethyl siloxane and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐6000 aqueous solution with different densities. After being semi‐cured in the three‐layered liquids at 70°C, the spheres were carbonised at 600°C and further activated at 800°C with steam. Scanning electron microscope observations indicated that compared with those prepared by two‐layered oil bath in the authors’ previous work, the CNTs/phenolic resin spheres acquired by the modified oil‐drop method would absorb PEG‐6000 instead of polydimethyl siloxane and hence no residue of silica spheres produced in the final CNTs/AC spheres. Meanwhile, pore structure analyses indicated that the average diameter of the pores in the CNTs/AC spheres increased from 8.1 to 23.3 nm, which could be ascribed to the pore forming effect of PEG‐6000. The adsorption capacity for vitamin B 12 by the porous CNTs/AC spheres reached 52.98 mg/g, which was much higher than commercial AC beads and macroporous resin spheres. This implied that the CNTs/AC spheres could have potential applications in hemoperfusion.
Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer—metastatic and/or castration-resistant prostate cancer: Report of the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) 2022 (2023)

At APCCC 2022, clinically important questions in the management of advanced prostate cancer management were identified and discussed, and experts voted on pre-defined consensus questions. The report of the results for metastatic and/or castration-resistant prostate cancer is summarised here.
On Scheduling Complex Dags for Internet-Based Computing (2005)

Conceptual tools are developed to aid in crafting a theory of scheduling complex computation-dags for Internet-based computing. The goal of the schedules produced is to render tasks eligible for allocation to remote clients (hence for execution) at the maximum possible rate. This allows one to utilize remote clients well, and also lessen the likelihood of the "gridlock" that ensues when a computation stalls for lack of eligible tasks. Earlier work has introduced formalism for studying this optimization problem and has identified optimal schedules for several significant families of structurally uniform dags. The current paper extends this work via a methodology for devising optimal schedules for a much broader class of complex dags. These dags are obtained via composition from a prespecified collection of simple building-block dags. The paper introduces a suite of algorithms that decompose a given dag to expose its building-blocks, and a priority relation on building-blocks. When the building-blocks are appropriately interrelated, the dag can be scheduled optimally.
Simulation of transient flow in pipelines for computer‐based operations monitoring (2003)

Abstract Computer models can provide the basis for real‐time monitoring and control of fluid flow in pipelines. Problems of fluid flow in pipelines are mathematically represented by a non‐linear system of coupled partial differential equations. In this paper, several numerical techniques are evaluated with respect to their suitability for the purpose of real‐time monitoring of fluid flow in pipelines. The proposed techniques are evaluated in terms of the L 1 , the L 2 , and the L ∞ error norms. Moreover, the developed simulators will be compared in terms of their speed of response and settling time which are essential factors for an effective real‐time monitoring scheme. Finally, the selected simulation scheme is further tested under assumed pipeline leak conditions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Average capacity of MIMO/FSO systems with equal gain combining over log-normal channels (2013)

Atmospheric turbulence is one of the major challenges in free-space optical (FSO) systems. The use of multiple receivers and multiple transmitters provides an effective approach to mitigate the fading effect caused by the atmospheric turbulence. In this paper we extract the closed form expression for the average capacity of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO channel. Equal gain combining spatial diversity technique in the log-normal turbulence regime is considered. Our analytical derivations are constructed based on the Wilkilson approximation to the sum of log-normal random variables. The derived capacity expressions quantify the advantages of spatial diversity techniques.
Nonlinear Compensation beyond Conventional Perturbation Based Algorithms (2013)

Perturbation based nonlinear compensations are important implementable low complexity algorithms. Several further efforts including reducing the complexity, increasing the accuracy, extending to 16QAM modulation format and new benefits of nonlinear compensation are reviewed in this paper.
A perspective on emerging automotive safety applications, derived from lessons learned through participation in the DARPA Grand Challenges (2008)

Abstract This paper reports on various aspects of the Intelligent Vehicle Systems (IVS) team's involvement in the recent 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge, wherein our platform, the autonomous “XAV‐250,'' competed as one of the 11 finalists qualifying for the event. We provide a candid discussion of the hardware and software design process that led to our team's entry, along with lessons learned at this event and derived from participation in the two previous Grand Challenges. In addition, we give an overview of our vision‐, radar‐, and LIDAR‐based perceptual sensing suite, its fusion with a military‐grade inertial navigation package, and the map‐based control and planning architectures used leading up to and during the event. The underlying theme of this article is to elucidate how the development of future automotive safety systems can potentially be accelerated by tackling the technological challenges of autonomous ground vehicle robotics. Of interest, we will discuss how a production manufacturing mindset imposes a unique set of constraints upon approaching the problem and how this worked for and against us, given the very compressed timeline of the contests. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrasonic Microbubble Destruction Stimulates Therapeutic Arteriogenesis Via the CD18-Dependent Recruitment of Bone Marrow–Derived Cells (2008)

In skeletal muscle affected by arterial occlusion, arteriogenesis and hyperemia can be significantly enhanced by ultrasonic MB destruction. This response depends on the recruitment, but not vascular incorporation, of BMDCs via a CD18-dependent mechanism.
Notch inhibition overcomes resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR-driven lung adenocarcinoma (2019)

EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with gefitinib and osimertinib show a therapeutic benefit limited by the appearance of secondary mutations, such as EGFRT790M and EGFRC797S. It is generally assumed that these secondary mutations render EGFR completely unresponsive to the inhibitors, but contrary to this, we uncovered here that gefitinib and osimertinib increased STAT3 phosphorylation (p-STAT3) in EGFRT790M and EGFRC797S tumoral cells. Interestingly, we also found that concomitant Notch inhibition with gefitinib or osimertinib treatment induced a p-STAT3-dependent strong reduction in the levels of the transcriptional repressor HES1. Importantly, we showed that tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant tumors, with EGFRT790M and EGFRC797S mutations, were highly responsive to the combined treatment of Notch inhibitors with gefitinib or osimertinib, respectively. Finally, in patients with EGFR mutations treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, HES1 protein levels increased during relapse and correlated with shorter progression-free survival. Therefore, our results offer a proof of concept for an alternative treatment to chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma osimertinib-treated patients after disease progression.
Direct Translocation as Major Cellular Uptake for CADY Self-Assembling Peptide-Based Nanoparticles (2011)

Cell penetrating peptides constitute a potent approach to overcome the limitations of in vivo siRNA delivery. We recently proposed a peptide-based nanoparticle system, CADY, for efficient delivery of siRNA into numerous cell lines. CADY is a secondary amphipathic peptide that forms stable complexes with siRNA thereby improving both their cellular uptake and biological response. With the aim of understanding the cellular uptake mechanism of CADY:siRNA complexes, we have combined biochemical, confocal and electron microscopy approaches. In the present work, we provide evidence that the major route for CADY:siRNA cellular uptake involves direct translocation through the membrane but not the endosomal pathway. We have demonstrated that CADY:siRNA complexes do not colocalize with most endosomal markers and remain fully active in the presence of inhibitors of the endosomal pathway. Moreover, neither electrostatic interactions with cell surface heparan sulphates nor membrane potential are essential for CADY:siRNA cell entry. In contrast, we have shown that CADY:siRNA complexes clearly induce a transient cell membrane permeabilization, which is rapidly restored by cell membrane fluidity. Therefore, we propose that direct translocation is the major gate for cell entry of CADY:siRNA complexes. Membrane perturbation and uptake are driven mainly by the ability of CADY to interact with phospholipids within the cell membrane, followed by rapid localization of the complex in the cytoplasm, without affecting cell integrity or viability.
A control theory foundation for self-managing computing systems (2005)

The high cost of operating large computing installations has motivated a broad interest in reducing the need for human intervention by making systems self-managing. This paper explores the extent to which control theory can provide an architectural and analytic foundation for building self-managing systems. Control theory provides a rich set of methodologies for building automated self-diagnosis and self-repairing systems with properties such as stability, short settling times, and accurate regulation. However, there are challenges in applying control theory to computing systems, such as developing effective resource models, handling sensor delays, and addressing lead times in effector actions. We propose a deployable testbed for autonomic computing (DTAC) that we believe will reduce the barriers to addressing research problems in applying control theory to computing systems. The initial DTAC architecture is described along with several problems that it can be used to investigate.
Solution stirring initiates nucleation and improves the quality of adenosine deaminase crystals (2005)

Crystals of bovine adenosine deaminase (ADA) grown over a two-week period in the presence of an inhibitor (ADA complex) were found to be of low quality for X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, ADA incubated in the absence of an inhibitor (ADA native) did not form any crystals using conventional crystallization methods. A solution-stirring technique was used to obtain high-quality ADA complex and ADA native crystals. The crystals obtained using this technique were found to be of high quality and were shown to have high structural resolution for X-ray diffraction analyses. The results reported here indicate that the solution-stirring technique promotes nucleation and improves the quality of protein crystals.
Investigation of the 30P30N Slat Flow Field with Passive Control Devices Using Particle Image Velocimetry (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2116.vid The leading-edge slat of a high-lift wing is one of the main noise contributors during approach and landing. This paper describes an experimental investigation of the velocity field associated with multiple passive noise treatments, including slat-cusp extensions, a cove filler, and a gap filler, on a two-dimensional multielement high-lift 30P30N airfoil. Previous work documented comparisons of both surface and far field pressure fluctuations in the presence of these devices with those for a baseline case at different flow conditions. However, important information related to the velocity fields was missing from the previous measurements, hindering the ability to elucidate changes in the flow physics associated with the noise treatments. Therefore, two-component Particle Image Velocity has been used to investigate the influence of passive noise treatments on the flow fields. All measurements are taken at an effective, free-air angle of attack of 5.5-degree and a stowed-chord-based Reynolds number of 1.71 million. The measurements show that the slat extensions shorten the slat-cove shear layer trajectory, resulting in reduced growth of disturbances within the slat-cove shear layer. This leads to a shift of tonal peaks to higher frequencies and a reduction in the tonal amplitudes. The gap filler blocks the flow path through the gap, causing the reattachment location to shift to the main wing leading edge lower surface. Consequently, the feedback loop associated with the flow-acoustic interaction in the baseline case is eliminated, and the turbulent kinetic energy in the slat-cove shear layer is significantly reduced. However, extensive flow separation is observed on the suction side of the gap filler, which does not eliminate the noise reduction benefit due to the gap filler, but does degrade the aerodynamic performance of the high-lift configuration. Finally, the overall flow field in the presence of the cove filler is similar to that in the baseline case at the design angle of attack, but the slat-cove shear layer is eliminated, leading to a suppression of the cavity tones associated with the shear layer. This change accounts for the reduction in slat noise as measured in previous work.
Hydrodynamic optical alignment for microflow cytometry (2011)

A microfabricated flow cytometer has been developed that is capable of detecting nearly all of the microparticles in an aqueous suspension. Current design allows for integrated coupling between an optical fiber-based detection system and the particle stream via hydrodynamic focusing. By adjusting the relative flow-rates at the auxiliary inputs of the focusing manifold, the particle stream can be steered out-of-plane relative to the illuminating laser, and similarly the particle stream can be squeezed or expanded. The microfabricated device was constructed in polydimethylsiloxane with cross-sectional microfluidic dimensions of 125 µm×125 µm. Using the present device and method, fluorescent microparticles in aqueous solution were counted at an absolute counting efficiency of 91±4%. The coefficient of variation of the fluorescence pulse-heights for far-red fluorescent microparticles was 15%. The device exhibited a linear response to fluorescence intensity calibration microparticles as shown by comparison with a commercial cytometer instrument.
Synthesis of superstructure ligands using a novel methyl vinyl ether functional group (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of superstructure ligands using a novel methyl vinyl ether functional groupWayne P. Schammel, L. Lawrence Zimmer, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 10, 3159–3167Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50212a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50212a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts