gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Antigen‐Specific T Cells Using MHC‐Ig Dimers (2000)

The lack of high affinity reagents has made distinguishing T cells on the basis of antigen specificity difficult to accomplish. This unit provides protocols that utilize innovations in molecular design to permit construction of soluble multivalent MHC complexes (MHC-Ig dimers) with high avidity for cognate T cell receptors. MHC-Ig dimers display stable binding properties when they interact with antigen-specific T cells thus allowing their use in the staining of antigen-specific T cells by flow cytometry. Methods for constructing and detecting these MHC-Ig dimers are included along with protocols for applying their use for the quantitation of antigen-specific T cells.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Cases Associated with Nosocomial Enterovirus Transmission in a Neonatal Unit (2018)

Infectious agents including viruses are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis, a well-known gastrointestinal emergency in newborns. Enteroviruses are common pathogens in neonates and have been associated with outbreaks in neonatal units. Enterovirus-associated necrotizing enterocolitis has been described in 3 preterms. Spatiotemporal and molecular analyses have provided evidence of nosocomial transmission.
Asymptotic behavior of heterogeneous TCP flows and RED gateway (2006)

We introduce a stochastic model of a bottleneck ECN/RED gateway under a large number of heterogeneous TCP flows, i.e., flows with diverse round-trip delays and session dynamics. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the system and show that as the number of flows becomes large, the buffer dynamics and aggregate traffic simplify and can be accurately described by simple stochastic recursions independent of the number of flows, resulting in a scalable model. Based on the Central Limit analysis in the paper, we identify the sources of fluctuations in queue size and describe the relationship between the system parameters such as the marking function and variance of queue size. A closed-form approximation for the mean queue size as a function of system parameters is provided from a simple steady-state analysis. Numerical examples are provided to validate our results.
Orphanin-FQ/Nociceptin (OFQ/N) Modulates the Activity of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons (1999)

Neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) constitute the principal circadian pacemaker of mammals. In situ hybridization studies revealed expression of orphanin-FQ/nociceptin (OFQ/N) receptor (NOR) mRNA in the SCN, whereas no expression of mRNA for preproOFQ/N (ppOFQ/N) was detected. The presence of OFQ/N peptide in the SCN was demonstrated by radioimmunoassay. SCN neurons (88%) responded dose-dependently to OFQ/N with an outward current (EC50 = 22.3 nM) that was reduced in amplitude by membrane hyperpolarization and reversed polarity near the theoretical potassium equilibrium potential. [Phe1psi(Ch2-NH)Gly2]OFQ/N(1-13)NH2 (3 microM), a putative NOR antagonist, activated a small outward current and significantly reduced the amplitude of the OFQ/N-stimulated current. OFQ/N reduced the NMDA receptor-mediated increase in intracellular Ca2+. When injected unilaterally into the SCN of Syrian hamsters housed in constant darkness, OFQ/N (1-50 pmol) failed to alter the timing of the hamsters' wheel-running activity. However, injection of OFQ/N (0.1-50 pmol) before a brief exposure to light during the midsubjective night significantly attenuated the light-induced phase advances of the activity rhythm. These data are consistent with the interpretation that OFQ/N acting at specific receptors modulates the activity of SCN neurons and, thereby, the response of the circadian clock to light.
Channel Film Thickness Effect of Low-Temperature Polycrystalline-Silicon Thin-Film Transistors (2011)

In this paper, the channel-film-thickness effect of low-temperature polycrystalline-Si thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) is investigated. Greater channel film thickness can provide a higher field-effect mobility μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FE</sub> , rising from 14.33 to 22.33 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> / V.s, as the channel film thickness increases from 55 to 120 nm, due to grain-size effect. In addition, varying the channel film thickness of LTPS-TFTs results in different junction leakage current due to the source/drain (S/D) junction area effect. Moreover, the S/D series resistance also significantly increases when the channel film thickness is reduced from 120 to 35 nm, leading to poor field-effect mobility _FE and driving current. Consequently, the optimum channel film thickness for active-matrix liquid-crystal displays may be identified.
Tris[3-(tert-butylhydroxymethylene)-d-camphorato]europium(III). A reagent for determining enantiomeric purity (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTris[3-(tert-butylhydroxymethylene)-d-camphorato]europium(III). A reagent for determining enantiomeric purityGeorge M. Whitesides and Daniel William LewisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 23, 6979–6980Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00726a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00726a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views454Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immune information, self-organization and meaning (1998)

To effect the molecular integrity of the individual, the immune system has to gather antigenic information and respond in a meaningful way. Immunologists traditionally have focused their research on analyzing the component parts of the system. The achievements of immunology in its analytical enterprise have now made it possible to begin the task of synthesis. In this paper, we shall consider how the immune system combines germline and somatic information using a chemical language to establish the functional meaning of antigens.
Conclusions (2016)

Power consumption can be reduced by applying a multi-voltage scheme while enhancing the overall performance of an integrated circuit. Providing a lower voltage for the non-critical data paths can save power while maintaining the speed. Tradeoffs among area, power, and design complexity are critical in multi-voltage systems. The power savings can be enhanced by simultaneously utilizing devices with different threshold voltages. Design complexity however increases since multiple networks are required to support different power supply voltages.
MMI for wavelength filtering and WDM on the SOI platform (2011)

We designed and experimentally demonstrated two new types of self-imaging MMIs. One worked as a WDM device and the other worked as a wavelength filter.
Behaviors of α-Fluorocarbenoids Derived from the Nucleophilic Desulfinylation of α-Chloro-α-fluoroalkyl Sulfoxides (1992)

Abstract 2-Aryl-1-chloro-1-fluoroethyl sulfoxides underwent nucleophilic desulfinylation with PhMgBr to give (Z)-fluorostyrene derivatives in a very stereoselective manner (&amp;gt; 33 : 1) via an α-fluorocarbene species. When treated with 3 equiv of PhLi in the presence of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, they similarly formed fluorostyrenes as a stereoisomeric mixture (E : Z = 2 : 1), but with 1 equiv of PhLi 2-aryl-1-chloro-1-fluoroethanes were the major product. On the other hand, no formation of a fluoroalkene was observed in the desulfinylation of 1-chloro-1-fluoro-4-phenylbutyl sulfoxide with the nucleophiles. In the latter reaction, oxidation and/or phenylation of the intermediate carbene were the main pathways.
Periodic variation in side-chain polarities of T-cell antigenic peptides correlates with their structure and activity. (1995)

We present an analysis that synthesizes information on the sequence, structure, and motifs of antigenic peptides, which previously appeared to be in conflict. Fourier analysis of T-cell antigenic peptides indicates a periodic variation in amino acid polarities of 3-3.6 residues per period, suggesting an amphipathic alpha-helical structure. However, the diffraction patterns of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules indicate that their ligands are in an extended non-alpha-helical conformation. We present two mutually consistent structural explanations for the source of the alpha-helical periodicity, based on an observation that the side chains of MHC-bound peptides generally partition with hydrophobic (hydrophilic) side chains pointing into (out of) the cleft. First, an analysis of haplotype-dependent peptide motifs indicates that the locations of their defining residues tend to force a period 3-4 variation in hydrophobicity along the peptide sequence, in a manner consistent with the spacing of pockets in the MHC. Second, recent crystallographic determination of the structure of a peptide bound to a class II MHC molecule reveals an extended but regularly twisted peptide with a rotation angle of about 130 degrees. We show that similar structures with rotation angles of 100-130 degrees are energetically acceptable and also span the length of the MHC cleft. These results provide a sound physical chemical and structural basis for the existence of a haplotype-independent antigenic motif which can be particularly important in limiting the search time for antigenic peptides.
Synthetic discriminants and eigenvector decompositions (1991)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Timothy S. Wilkinson and Joseph W. Goodman, "Synthetic discriminants and eigenvector decompositions," Appl. Opt. 30, 3278-3280 (1991) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
MEMS technology for Radar front end modules (2009)

This paper reports on the potential of RF-MEMS technology to improve and miniaturize new functions in Radar front end and antenna modules. The insertion of new MEMS components and subsystems, using RF-MEMS switches, filters and phase shifters, in radar front end are reported in this article and their characterization results are discussed.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 8 from Multifunctional T-cell Analyses to Study Response and Progression in Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1292K, Study scheme, assay validation, functional changes of patients F5-2 and F5-8.&lt;/p&gt;
Autofluorescence ratio imaging of human colonic adenomas (2011)

Recently autofluorescence imaging (AFI) endoscopy, visualizing tissue fluorescence in combination with reflected light, has been adopted as a technique for detecting neoplasms in the colon and other organs. However, autofluorescence colonoscopy is not infallible, and improvement of the detection method can be expected to enhance the performance. Colonic mucosa contains metabolism-related fluorophores, such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which may be useful for visualizing neoplasia in autofluorescence endoscopy. We examined sliced cross-sections of endoscopically resected tubular adenomas under a microscope. Fluorescence images acquired at 365-nm excitation (F<sub>365ex</sub>) and 405-nm excitation (F<sub>405ex</sub>), and reflectance images acquired at 550 nm (R<sub>550</sub>) were obtained. Fluorescence ratio (F<sub>365ex</sub>/F<sub>405ex</sub>) images and reflectance/fluorescence ratio (R<sub>550</sub>/F<sub>405ex</sub>) images were calculated from the acquired images. The fluorescence ratio images could distinguish adenomatous mucosa from normal mucosa more clearly than the reflectance/fluorescence ratio images. The results showed that the autofluorescence ratio imaging is a potential technique for increasing the diagnostic power of autofluorescence endoscopy.
Lagrangian Models for Controlling Large-Scale Heterogeneous Traffic (2019)

Heterogeneous traffic with a mixture of human-driven and connected automated vehicles is discussed to study how the penetration rate and the control design of connected automated vehicles affect the traffic flow on a large scale. Continuum traffic models are constructed by incorporating time delays to take into account the reaction time of human drivers and the delays in the control loops of connected automated vehicles. It is shown that Lagrangian delayed continuum models are suitable for studying heterogeneity, introducing delay, and taking into account the on-board traffic data used by the controllers of connected automated vehicles. We show that these models possess realistic stability properties and are capable of capturing the large-scale dynamics of vehicle automation-induced and connectivity-induced heterogeneity.
255 ExPRESSTM: An accelerated process for the manufacture of KSQ-001, a CRISPR/Cas9-edited eTILTM product (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Adoptive cell therapy with ex vivo expanded tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) offers a potentially curative treatment for cancer. To improve the clinical durability of TIL, we have developed KSQ-001, a CRISPR/Cas9 engineered TIL (eTIL) product with inactivation of <i>SOCS1</i> gene. SOCS1 is a negative regulator of cytokine signaling in T cells that we previously identified as a top target restraining T cell in viv anti-tumor function and long-term persistence in genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screens. The clinical manufacture of TIL has historically required a complex multi-step baseline process involving a pre-Rapid Expansion Protocol (pre-REP) followed by a Rapid Expansion Protocol (REP) with feeder cells. To simplify and shorten the manufacture of KSQ-001, we developed a next-generation ExPRESS manufacturing process involving fewer steps and eliminating the use of feeder cells. We demonstrated that ExPRESS can robustly manufacture KSQ-001 with high functional potency at clinical scale from tumor starting material in 21 days or less across multiple solid tumor types. <h3>Methods</h3> Viably-cryopreserved-tumor-fragments (VCTF) from different solid tumor indications were used as starting materials for eTIL manufacture. T cells in the tumor fragments are activated to propagate for 7-11 days, after which TIL were electroporated with ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes containing the <i>SOCS1</i>-targeting guide RNA (gRNA). Following electroporation, TIL were further expanded for an additional 7-11 days prior to cryopreservation. The editing level, phenotypic characteristics, and functionality of KSQ-001 was assessed by NGS, flow cytometry, and in vitro functional assays. <h3>Results</h3> KSQ-001 was successfully manufactured from 10/11 VCTF starting materials from melanoma and NSCLC samples to clinically relevant doses, demonstrating robust viability at the time of cryopreservation and following thaw. KSQ-001 manufactured using ExPRESS showed &gt;90% editing of the SOCS1 gene as well as complete knockdown of SOCS1 protein in all donors tested. Importantly, KSQ-001 manufactured using ExRPESS exhibited heightened anti-tumor function when compared to un-engineered TIL, including increased production of IFNγ and anti-tumor potency in an in vitro TIL/tumor co-culture system. KSQ-001 also retained high diversity of the TCR repertoire and specificity for autologous tumor. Lastly, adoptively transferred eTIL showed enhanced persistence and anti-tumor efficacy in immunodeficient mouse tumor models. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We describe a shortened and streamlined process for the manufacture of CRISPR/Cas9-edited eTIL. KSQ-001 can be manufactured at clinically relevant doses in 21 days or less and displays enhanced functional potency. These data support evaluating KSQ-001 manufactured by the ExPRESS process in the treatment of patients with metastatic treatment-refractory solid tumors.
The Bolger Conference on PDE-5 Inhibition and HIV Risk: Implications for Health Policy and Prevention (2006)

Research needs and priorities were categorized into four specific areas: (i) basic and clinical/laboratory research; (ii) epidemiology and risk factors; (iii) social-behavioral processes and interventions; and (iv) prevention/policy and educational needs. Identified gaps in the available data include populations at risk (e.g., risk among heterosexuals, risk profiles among subpopulations of men who have sex with men) and the specific role of PDE-5 inhibitors in HIV seroconversion. Specific areas of emphasis were the need for safer sex counseling, comprehensive sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening and follow-up when indicated, avoidance of potentially dangerous drug interactions, and potential benefits of testosterone replacement for HIV-positive men with decreased androgen and other symptoms of hypogonadism. Conclusions. A conference was convened on the topic of PDE-5 inhibition and HIV risk. This "white paper" summarizes the findings of the conference and recommendations for future research.
Supplementary Figures S1-S10 from Cancer Cell Intrinsic and Immunologic Phenotypes Determine Clinical Outcomes in Basal-like Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1 through S10&lt;/p&gt;
Silicon interstitial absorption during thermal oxidation at 900 °C by extended defects formed via silicon implantation (1993)

Extended defect damage created by high-dose silicon implants is used to study the interaction between extended defects and silicon interstitials introduced via thermal oxidation. A buried epitaxial layer of boron was used as an interstitial monitor, and a layer of extended defects was formed between the surface and the buried layer via silicon implants. Samples were oxidized at 900 °C in wet O2, and the amount of oxidation-enhanced diffusion was measured. For a silicon implant of 1×1013 cm−2, the enhancement was very similar in regions that had and had not been implanted. For an implant of 1×1015 cm−2, the enhancement was reduced in regions that had been implanted. The difference is explained by the absorption of the injected interstitials by a layer of extended defects.
4‐2: Student Paper: High‐Performance, Coplanar Polycrystalline InGaO Thin‐Film Transistor for Large‐Area, High‐Resolution AMOLED Display (2022)

We report a very simple hotplate crystallization technique to achieve the polycrystalline InGaO (IGO) thin films at low temperature (&lt;400 °C). The coplanar thin film transistor (TFT) with polycrystalline IGO exhibits linear mobility over 50 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and excellent stability under PBTSINBTS and 85% humidity at 85°C for 2 days. We have also achieved very fast 23 stage ring oscillator with a frequency of 2.36 MHz because of coplanar structure and high mobility. This low‐cost technique is very suitable for the manufacturing of polycrystalline oxide TFT backplane for large area, high resolution AMOLED displays.
Introduction to the Issue on Distributed Processing in Vision Networks (2008)

Distributed vision networks is a multidisciplinary topic that interfaces the fields of computer vision, signal processing, pervasive computing, embedded programming, wireless sensor networks, and ambient intelligence. It creates opportunities for design paradigm shifts in these fields through emphasizing distributed vision processing and collaborative fusion of information over the network. In this premise, novel smart environment applications can be envisioned that are scalable, real-time, adaptive, interpretive, context-aware, and user-centric in nature.
Layer-dependent optically induced spin polarization in InSe (2023)

Optical control of spin in semiconductors has been pioneered using nanostructures of III-V and II-VI semiconductors, but the emergence of two-dimensional van der Waals materials offers an alternative low-dimensional platform for spintronic phenomena. Indium selenide (InSe), a group-III monochalcogenide van der Waals material, has shown promise for optoelectronics due to its high electron mobility, tunable direct band gap, and quantum transport. In addition to these confirmed properties, there are predictions of spin-dependent optical selection rules, suggesting the potential for all-optical excitation and control of spin in a two-dimensional layered material. Despite these predictions, layer-dependent optical spin phenomena in InSe have yet to be explored. Here, we present measurements of layer-dependent optical spin dynamics in few-layer and bulk InSe. Polarized photoluminescence reveals layer-dependent optical orientation of spin, thereby demonstrating the optical selection rules in few-layer InSe. Spin dynamics are also studied in many-layer InSe using time-resolved Kerr rotation spectroscopy. By applying out-of-plane and in-plane static magnetic fields for polarized emission measurements and Kerr measurements, respectively, the $g$ factor for InSe was extracted. Further investigations are done by calculating precession values using a $\mathbf{k}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathbf{p}$ model, which is supported by ab initio density functional theory. Comparison of predicted precession rates with experimental measurements highlights the importance of excitonic effects in InSe for understanding spin dynamics. Optical orientation of spin is an important prerequisite for optospintronic phenomena and devices, and these first demonstrations of layer-dependent optical excitation of spins in InSe lay the foundation for combining layer-dependent spin properties with advantageous electronic properties found in this material.
Pharmacological modulation of the contractile response to toluene diisocyanate in the rat isolated urinary bladder (1990)

1. Toluene diisocyanate produced concentration-dependent contractions of the rat isolated urinary bladder. 2. The contractions were tetrodotoxin-resistant and were abolished by previous exposure of the strips to capsaicin. 3. Indomethacin (5 microM) and ruthenium red (30 microM) inhibited toluene diisocyanate-induced contractions. Responses expressed as a percentage of the response obtained with substance P, 30 nM, were respectively 141.6 +/- 24.8% and 20.1 +/- 5.1% in control and indomethacin-treated strips (P less than 0.005); 123.0 +/- 30.2% and 14.0 +/- 6.5% in control and ruthenium red-treated strips (0.01 less than P less than 0.05). 4. These results suggest that toluene diisocyanate-induced contractions of the rat isolated bladder are the result of the release of cyclo-oxygenase products which may act by activating the capsaicin receptor.
The implementation of an energy brokerage system using linear programming (1992)

The authors focus on the economics involved in energy transfers. The function of an energy brokerage system is to establish interchange schedules between participating utilities in such a manner as to maximize the resulting savings. A brokerage system that uses linear programming (LP) is presented to maximize the savings or profits to each utility subject to import and export constraints. The cost quotations can also be determined using an LP formulation. Two examples to illustrate this formulation are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>