gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium Cyano Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) Borate as a Multifunctional Electrolyte Additive for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries (2021)

Lithium cyano tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) borate (LCTFEB) has been synthesized and investigated as a new electrolyte additive for high-performance lithium metal batteries. LCTFEB is prepared by the reaction of tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) borate with lithium cyanide. The incorporation of LCTFEB into a carbonate-based electrolyte has been investigated. The electrochemical performance of NCM523/Li cells and symmetric Li/Li cells is significantly improved upon the incorporation of LCTFEB (5 wt %) into the electrolyte. Various characterizations of the lithium metal morphology and the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium metal anode have been conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, suggesting the generation of a thin (∼10 nm) LiF-rich SEI with low concentrations of B and N compounds. The different SEI structures are formed by the preferential reductive decomposition of LCTFEB, resulting in improved electrochemical performance. The new electrolyte additive provides insight into innovative approaches for multifunctional electrolyte additive design.
Large Scale Identification of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Associated Antigens by Autoantibodies (2002)

Autoantibodies are often detected in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and these responses may represent recognition of tumor Ags that are associated with transformation events. The identities of these Ags, however, are less well known. Using serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) from four HCC patients, we identified 55 independent cDNA sequences potentially encoding HCC tumor Ags. Of these genes, 15 are novel. Two such proteins, HCA587 and HCA661, were predominantly detected in testis, but not in other normal tissues, except for a weak expression in normal pancreas. In addition to HCC, these two Ags can be found in cancers of other histological types. Therefore, they can be categorized as cancer-testis (CT) Ags. Two other Ags (HCA519 and HCA90) were highly overexpressed in HCC and also expressed in cancer cell lines of lung, prostate, and pancreas, but not in the respective normal tissues. Four other Ags were identified to be expressed in particular types of cancer cell lines (HCA520 in an ovarian cancer cell line, HCA59 and HCA67 in a colon cancer cell line, HCA58 in colon and ovarian cancer cell lines), but not in the normal tissue counterpart(s). In addition, abundant expression of complement inactivation factors was found in HCC. These results indicate a broad range expression of autoantigens in HCC patients. Our findings open an avenue for the study of autoantigens in the transformation, metastasis, and immune evasion in HCC.
Automating the loading of business process data warehouses (2009)

Business processes drive the operations of an enterprise. In the past, the focus was primarily on business process design, modeling, and automation. Recently, enterprises have realized that they can benefit tremendously from analyzing the behavior of their business processes with the objective of optimizing or improving them. In our research, we address the problem of warehousing business process execution data so that we can analyze their behavior using the analytic and reporting tools that are available in data warehouse environments. We build upon our previous work that described the design and implementation of a generic process data warehouse for use with any business processes. In this paper, we show how to automate the population of the generic process warehouse by tracking business events from an application environment. Typically, the source data consists of event streams that indicate changes in the business process state (i.e., progression of the process). The target schema is designed to allow querying of task and process execution data. The core of our approach for processing progression data relies on the construction of generic templates that specify the semantics of the event streams extraction and the subsequent transformations that translate the underlying IT events into business data changes. Using this extensible template mechanism, we show how to automate the construction of mappings to populate the generic process warehouse using two-levels of mappings that are applied in two-phases. Interestingly, our approach of using ETL technology for warehousing process data can be seen the other way around. An arbitrary ETL process can be modeled as a business process. Hence, we describe the benefit of modeling ETL as a business process and illustrate how to use our approach to warehouse ETL execution data, and to monitor and analyze the progress of ETL processes. Finally, we discuss implementation issues.
Virtual Screening (2003)

Virtual screening can be considered as an in silico analog to high throughput screening. Its goal is the drastic reduction of compound libraries to a manageable size for synthesis and biological testing. Virtual screening applications are not standardized and packaged in single software products. They rather consist of cascades of diverse filter programs that address different characteristics of putative lead chemical matter. Fast counting schemes for profiling physicochemical properties and machine learning approaches address druglike properties of small molecules related to pharmacology and toxicology. Focused libraries for target classes can be designed, for example, for combinatorial synthesis. Pharmacophores derived from known ligands of a given target can be used in virtual pharmacophore screening. Finally, structure-based virtual screening employs docking and scoring approaches to find the binding mode of putative protein-ligand complexes and estimate their binding affinities.
Use of polyester fibre as a prosthetic cranial cruciate ligament in small animals (1991)

ABSTRACT Multifilament polyester was used as a prosthesis for the ruptured cranial cruciate ligaments in 66 dogs and two cats (75 stifles). Three different surgical techniques were used. The polyester was anchored distally through a hole in the tibial tuberosity and either passed ‘over the top’ of the lateral femoral condyle, or through combined femoral and tibial tunnels, or through a single tibial tunnel and over the top of the lateral femoral condyle. The clinical results from the two ‘over the top’ methods were superior. Follow‐up radiographs showed widening of anchor holes and bone tunnels and marginal osteophytes were present in all but one case.
Patients’ Perspectives of Enrollment in Research Without Consent (2016)

SCOPUS: le.j
Quantitation of FISH Signals in Archival Tumors (2003)

The term interphase cytogenetics was first used in 1986 by Cremer (1,2) to describe detection of chromosomal alterations using in situ techniques in interphase nuclei. This was a distinct advantage over conventional analyses as solid tumors could now be studied (2,3) and the possibility of applying the technique to specimens received in a diagnostic laboratory realised (4). The nonradioactive in situ method, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), has been widely applied to study chromosomal rearrangements, malignancies, and chromosome mapping (4).
Beyond the margin recipe: the probability of correct target dosage and tumor control in the presence of a dose limiting structure (2017)

In the past, hypothetical spherical target volumes and ideally conformal dose distributions were analyzed to establish the safety of planning target volume (PTV) margins. In this work we extended these models to estimate how alternative methods of shaping dose distributions could lead to clinical improvements. Based on a spherical clinical target volume (CTV) and Gaussian distributions of systematic and random geometrical uncertainties, idealized 3D dose distributions were optimized to exhibit specific stochastic properties. A nearby spherical organ at risk (OAR) was introduced to explore the benefit of non-spherical dose distributions. Optimizing for the same minimum dose safety criterion as implied by the generally accepted use of a PTV, the extent of the high dose region in one direction could be reduced by half provided that dose in other directions is sufficiently compensated. Further reduction of this unilateral dosimetric margin decreased the target dose confidence, however the actual minimum CTV dose at 90% confidence typically exceeded the minimum PTV dose by 20% of prescription. Incorporation of smooth dose-effect relations within the optimization led to more concentrated dose distributions compared to the use of a PTV, with an improved balance between the probability of tumor cell kill and the risk of geometrical miss, and lower dose to surrounding tissues. Tumor control rate improvements in excess of 20% were found to be common for equal integral dose, while at the same time evading a nearby OAR. These results were robust against uncertainties in dose-effect relations and target heterogeneity, and did not depend on 'shoulders' or 'horns' in the dose distributions.
Block Copolymer Micelles Encapsulating Au(III) Bis(Dithiolene) Complexes as Promising Nanostructures with Antiplasmodial Activity (2023)

Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) can be used to improve the solubility of lipophilic drugs and increase their circulation half-life. Hence, BCMs assembled from MePEG-<i>b</i>-PCL were evaluated as drug delivery systems of gold(III) bis(dithiolene) complexes (herein AuS and AuSe) to be employed as antiplasmodial drugs. These complexes exhibited remarkable antiplasmodial activity against liver stages of the <i>Plasmodium</i><i>berghei</i> parasite, and low toxicity in a model of zebrafish embryos. To improve the complexes' solubility, BCMs were loaded with AuS, AuSe, and the reference drug primaquine (PQ). PQ-BCMs (D<sub>h</sub> = 50.9 ± 2.8 nm), AuSe-BCMs (D<sub>h</sub> = 87.1 ± 9.7 nm), and AuS-BCMs (D<sub>h</sub> = 72.8 ± 3.1 nm) were obtained with a loading efficiency of 82.5%, 55.5%, and 77.4%, respectively. HPLC analysis and UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed that the compounds did not suffer degradation after encapsulation in BCMs. In vitro release studies suggest that AuS/AuSe-BCMs present a more controlled release compared with PQ-loaded BCMs. The antiplasmodial hepatic activity of the drugs was assessed in vitro and results indicate that both complexes present higher inhibitory activity than PQ, although encapsulated AuS and AuSe presented lower activity than their non-encapsulated counterparts. Nevertheless, these results suggest that the use of BCMs as delivery vehicles for lipophilic metallodrugs, particularly AuS and AuSe, could enable the controlled release of complexes and improve their biocompatibility, constituting a promising alternative to conventional antimalarial treatments.
Two-tier PON virtualisation with scheduler synchronization supporting application-level ultra-low latency in MEC based Cloud-RAN, using MESH-PON (2023)

Ultra-low end-to-end latency is one of the most important requirements in 5G networks and beyond to support latency-critical applications. Cloud-RAN and MEC are considered as the key driving technology that can help reduce end-to-end latency. However, the use of MEC nodes poses radical changes to the access network architecture. As it brings the processing and the networking services closer to the edge, it often requires network functions (for example, the CU/DU stack and the application processing) to be distributed across different MEC sites. Therefore, a novel transport mechanism is needed to efficiently coordinate and connect network functions across MEC nodes. In order to address this challenge, we propose a novel two-tier virtualized PON transport method with schedulers coordination over a virtualised and sliced MESH-PON architecture. While a MESH-PON architecture enables direct communication between MEC nodes that are hosting CU/DU and/or the application processing, our method provides a two tier virtualised PON transport scheme with coordinated schedulers. This approach greatly reduces latency incurred in transporting signals across the different PON tiers, while maintaining the flexibility of the multi-tier methods. We show that our proposed scheme can achieve end-to-end application-level latency below 1ms or 2ms, depending on the network configurations.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ НАНОМАТЕРИАЛОВ ПРИ ПОРАЖЕНИЯХ ВЫСОКОТОКСИЧНЫМИ ХИМИЧЕСКИМИ СОЕДИНЕНИЯМИ (2016)

The use of catalytic properties of reactive carbonaceous nanomaterials, their composite compounds with quartz, metal oxides and silicon for neutralization and destructive adsorption of highly toxic chemical compounds can serve as a basis to create new means of protection from highly toxic chemical lesions. The first studies on the impact of high-power CO2 laser ( = 10 μ) radiation on the structure and properties of shungite were performed at D.V. Efremov Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus. The surface of the laser-treated shungite is almost 2-fold larger than the surface of natural schungite and increases its catalytic activity. The elemental composition of shungite material does not undergo significant changes after laser treatment. The laser treatment of schungite improves its ability to clean polluted water from radical and ion-radical particles, neutralizes toxic substances in water and air. Activated shungite carbon nanoparticles have a biocidal effect, reduce animal deaths and increase animal lifespan in case of cutaneous application of mustard agent.
Reduction of Iron Oxides with Hydrogen—A Review (2019)

This review focuses on the reduction of iron oxides using hydrogen as a reducing agent. Due to increasing requirements from environmental issues, a change of process concepts in the iron and steel industry is necessary within the next few years. Currently, crude steel production is mainly based on fossil fuels, and emitting of the climate‐relevant gas carbon dioxide is integral. One opportunity to avoid or reduce greenhouse gas emissions is substituting hydrogen for carbon as an energy source and reducing agent. Hydrogen, produced via renewable energies, allows carbon‐free reduction and avoids forming harmful greenhouse gases during the reduction process. The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of reduction with hydrogen are summarized and discussed in this review. The effects of influencing parameters, such as temperature, type of iron oxide, grain size, etc. are shown and compared with the reduction behavior of iron oxides with carbon monoxide. Different methods to describe the kinetics of the reduction progress and the role of the apparent activation energy are shown and proofed regarding their plausibility.
Unterschiede im Galle-Proteom zwischen Cholangiokarzinom mit und ohne zugrunde liegender Primär Sklerosierender Cholangitis (2015)

Einleitung: Patienten mit Primär Sklerosierender Cholangitis (PSC) haben eine hohes Risiko ein Cholangiokarzinom (CC) zu entwickeln. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Identifikation spezifischer biliärer Proteinmarker des PSC-assoziierten Cholangiokarzinoms mittels Proteom-Analyse.
A sensitivity analysis on the fifth and the seventh harmonic current injection for sixth order torque ripple reduction (2017)

Interior permanent magnet (IPM) electric machines offer higher efficiency and higher torque and power density when compared to other types of electric machines. Like many electric machines, IPM machines also inherently produce unwanted torque ripple along with the desired average torque. Depending on the application, this torque ripple could be problematic. A well-known approach for sixth order torque ripple compensation is based on current shaping via the injection of the fifth and seventh harmonic currents. The construction of the fifth and the seventh harmonic currents needed to cancel the torque ripple requires calibration of the magnitude and the phase of these currents, which translates to four degrees of freedom. Any error in these parameters can cause a reduction in the effectiveness of the compensation. This paper studies the sensitivity of the sixth order torque ripple reduction to these four parameters.
Magnetic Core−Shell Nanoparticles from Nanoscale-Induced Phase Segregation (2011)

Nanoscaling of the nickel phosphides profoundly alters their domains of stability. An original mechanism of “nanoscale-induced phase segregation” was uncovered in the present study: the appearance of two crystallized phases inside each single nanoparticle (here, Ni2P and Ni fcc), where the single-phase product (Ni3P) would have been preferred at the bulk scale. This behavior was obtained by reacting at low temperature (<220 °C) substoichiometric amounts of white phosphorus (P4) on well-defined monodisperse Ni nanoparticles in solution. Phosphorus insertion inside the Ni fcc nanoparticles triggers the crystallization of a Ni2P core surrounded by a Ni shell. The crystallization process was monitored by HRTEM, EFTEM, XRD, and SQUID analyses and revealed a direct transformation of Ni fcc to a core−shell structure without any other NixPy crystallized intermediate. This core−shell Ni−P system was tuned by adjusting the amount of P4 added, providing tunable magnetic shells supported on monodisperse nanoparticles.
Fibers comprised of epitaxially grown single-wall carbon nanotubes, and a method for added catalyst and continuous growth at the tip (2023)

The present invention is directed to fibers of epitaxially grown single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and methods of making same. Such methods generally comprise the steps of: (a) providing a spun SWNT fiber; (b) cutting the fiber substantially perpendicular to the fiber axis to yield a cut fiber; (c) etching the cut fiber at its end with a plasma to yield an etched cut fiber; (d) depositing metal catalyst on the etched cut fiber end to form a continuous SWNT fiber precursor; and (e) introducing feedstock gases under SWNT growth conditions to grow the continuous SWNT fiber precursor into a continuous SWNT fiber.
ARISER: A randomized double blind phase III study to evaluate adjuvant cG250 treatment versus placebo in patients with high-risk ccRCC—Results and implications for adjuvant clinical trials. (2013)

4507^ Background: cG250 (Rencarex) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to the CAIX cell-surface antigen present on 95% of ccRCC. Its safety and activity in phase II studies provided the rationale to investigate its use as an adjuvant monotherapy in subjects with clinically localized high-risk ccRCC—50% of whom progress to metastatic disease. Methods: We performed an international, prospective, multicenter, phase III trial of the efficacy and safety of adjuvant cG250 vs placebo (randomized 1:1) by assessing disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in 864 RCC patients after nephrectomy. Inclusion criteria were: 1) T3/T4 N0/M0; 2) any T stage and N+/M0; or 3) T1b/T2 N0/M0 high-grade ccRCC. Treatment consisted of a 50 mg loading dose followed by 23-weekly infusions of 20 mg. DFS and CAIX antigen expression were quantified by an independent radiological review and a central pathologist. CAIX score was derived by multiplying the intensity of staining (1–3) by the fraction of positive of cells (0–1), yielding a range of 0.0–3.0. Results: Baseline demographics were well balanced across groups. Treatment demonstrated an excellent safety profile. There were 360 confirmed recurrences and 181 deaths during follow up. When compared with the placebo group, cG250-treated subjects did not enjoy a statistically significant DFS (HR=0.99, p=0.74) or OS advantage (HR=1.01, p=0.94). Median DFS and OS were over 6 years and never reached irrespective of treatment, respectively. However, on subset analysis, subjects with high CAIX expression (&gt;2.0) who received cG250 experienced a statistically significant treatment effect with improved DFS (HR=0.55; p=0.01). Conclusions: While cG250 appears not to have clinical benefit in the adjuvant treatment for all high-risk patients, cG250-treated patients with a high CAIX score appeared to have a significantly improved DFS. The CAIX score may help in stratifying patients who may benefit from cG250 adjuvant therapy. Notwithstanding this benefit, the surprising median DFS of over 6 years and outstanding OS in high-risk patients represent a significant challenge to adjuvant ccRCC drug development. Clinical trial information: NCT00087022.
Imaging Probe Development Center: a National Institutes of Health core synthesis resource for imaging probes (2007)

The Imaging Probe Development Center (IPDC) has been set up under the auspices of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap as part of the molecular libraries and imaging initiatives. It comprises a core synthesis facility dedicated to the preparation of imaging probes, initially for intramural NIH scientists, and later, for the extramural scientific community. The facility opened fully in late 2006, in refurbished laboratories in Rockville, Maryland, and a staff of around a dozen was recruited into place by early 2007; the director was hired in late 2005. The IPDC provides a mechanism for the production of sensitive probes for use by imaging scientists who cannot obtain such probes commercially. The probes to be made will encompass all major imaging modalities including radionuclide, magnetic resonance, and optical. The operation of the IPDC is outlined, together with the results of interim achievements while the IPDC maintained a small temporary laboratory in Bethesda. As of December 2006, a total of eleven probe compositions had been made, and several of these are described with particular mention of those probes intended for use in optical applications.
Macro and Microscopic Gastroprotective Effects of Grape Seed Extract on the Gastric Ulcer Experimentally Induced by Alcohol (2020)

Alcohol administration has been widely correlated with gastric injuries involving gastric ulcers. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a rich source of phenolics and flavonoids with marked antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics that might give it a potential impact on the gastric ulcer. Polyphenolics are naturally occurring antioxidants that protect our bodies from ROS damage and their intake has probable health advantages involving protection from many ailments. Thus, this study intended to illustrate the probable protective actions of grape seed extract against alcohol induced gastric ulcers in rats. The total phenolics and the total flavonoids content in grape seed extract have been quantified. The total phenolic content was found to be 284.11±0.01 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g of grape seed extract. Meanwhile, the total flavonoid content was 8.02±0.08 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/g extract. Pretreatment with grape seed extract (100 mg kg-1 p.o.) reduced the serious effect of alcohol gastric mucosal damage as illustrated by decreasing the size of macroscopic lesions and alleviating the histopathologic aberrations. These studies were similar to those applied by the standard antiulcer omeprazole. These results could be ascribed to the antioxidant action of grape seed extract as it notably restored the gastric catalase level to the normal range. These outcomes highlight the protection effects of grape seed extract on the gastric ulcer induced by alcohol.
The Use of Chemical Treatments for Improved Comminution of Artificial Stones (2004)

These results indicate that appropriate chemical treatments may provide a useful adjunctive modality for improving the efficacy of stone comminution during shock wave lithotripsy.