gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Induction of a Type 1 Immune Response following a Trypanosoma brucei Infection Is MyD88 Dependent (2005)

The initial host response toward the extracellular parasite Trypanosoma brucei is characterized by the early release of inflammatory mediators associated with a type 1 immune response. In this study, we show that this inflammatory response is dependent on activation of the innate immune system mediated by the adaptor molecule MyD88. In the present study, MyD88-deficient macrophages are nonresponsive toward both soluble variant-specific surface glycoprotein (VSG), as well as membrane-bound VSG purified from T. brucei. Infection of MyD88-deficient mice with either clonal or nonclonal stocks of T. brucei resulted in elevated levels of parasitemia. This was accompanied by reduced plasma IFN-gamma and TNF levels during the initial stage of infection, followed by moderately lower VSG-specific IgG2a Ab titers during the chronic stages of infection. Analysis of several TLR-deficient mice revealed a partial requirement for TLR9 in the production of IFN-gamma and VSG-specific IgG2a Ab levels during T. brucei infections. These results implicate the mammalian TLR family and MyD88 signaling in the innate immune recognition of T. brucei.
Movement Detection Mechanism Using Differential RSSI in Mobile MPLS Network (2006)

This paper proposes a new movement detection mechanism using a Differential Received Signal Strength Indicator (DRSSI) in a mobile Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network. MPLS can support a mobile service and will be the fundamental technology in Next Generation Network (NGN). A Base Station (BS) can detect the movement of Mobile Node (MN) by measuring its DRSSI. In our algorithm, a BS can release the bandwidth of MN in handoff when the MN goes to another cell. According to the numerical analysis, our movement detection algorithm using DRSSI can increase the performance of mobile MPLS network by reducing handoff blocking probability.
Systems and methods for monitoring a solid-liquid interface (2023)

Systems and methods are provided for monitoring a solid-liquid interface during a casting process. The systems and methods enable determination of the location of a solid-liquid interface during the casting process.
Analysis and Comparative Evaluation of Stacked-Transistor Half-Bridge Topologies Implemented with 14 nm Bulk CMOS Technology (2017)

Integrated Voltage Regulators (IVRs) have become a viable solution for microprocessor's power delivery.The active parts of the most recent IVRs are built in deep-submicron CMOS technologies and use stacked transistors to allow for the use of advanced low voltage devices with superior switching performance compared to the higher voltage long-channel devices.This paper evaluates three different topologies of CMOS half-bridge converters with respect to efficiency, implementation effort, suitability for on-chip integration, and multiphase applications: the conventional half-bridge converter, the half-bridge converter with conventional Active Neutral Point Clamping (ANPC), and a halfbridge converter with a modified circuit to achieve ANPC.Indepth analysis of the transient processes during switching for all three converters, based on Cadence simulations, reveal that both half-bridge converters with ANPC achieve proper balancing of the blocking voltages of the main transistors and are capable to attain similar efficiencies of 93% at an output power of 200 mW, input and output voltages of 1.6 V and 0.8 V, respectively, and a switching frequency of 150 MHz, which is 1% higher than the one attained with the conventional half-bridge converter.Of the two ANPC half-bridge converters, however, the proposed topology allows to completely turn off its entire power stage or parts of it, features less efficiency sensitivity to variations of dead-time, and achieves the peak efficiency at relatively higher dead-time values.These qualities render the proposed topology particularly suitable for multiphase systems and low load operation.
A Novel Nanoformulation of Ellagic Acid is Promising in Restoring Oxidative Homeostasis in Rat Brains with Alzheimer’s Disease (2021)

The treatment of AD with EA-NP was more effective than EA in alleviating the oxidative neurotoxic effects on AD rat brains.
1-Deoxy-5-hydroxysphingolipids as New Anticancer Principles:  An Efficient Procedure for Stereoselective Syntheses of 2-Amino-3,5-diols (2007)

Enantioselective preparation of the linear homoallylic alcohol &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt; allows efficient formation of the 2-amino-3,5-diol moiety present in several\nbiologically active compounds, including 1-deoxy-5-hydroxysphingosine analogue &lt;b&gt;IV&lt;/b&gt;, which has exhibited excellent biological activity against\ncolon cancer. The conversion of &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt; into &lt;b&gt;IV&lt;/b&gt; involves a sequence of enantioselective epoxidation of the &lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;-&lt;i&gt;tert&lt;/i&gt;-butoxycarbonyl derivative of &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt;,\nfollowed by regioselective and stereospecific oxacyclization of &lt;b&gt;II&lt;/b&gt; to introduce differentiated oxygens in III.
Evaluation of the applicability of FRA for inter-turn fault detection in stator windings (2013)

In this paper, the applicability of the FRA technique is discussed as a method for detecting inter-turn faults in stator windings. Firstly, this method is tested in an individual medium-voltage stator coil with satisfactory results. Secondly, the tests are extended to a medium-voltage induction motor stator winding, in which inter-turn faults are performed in every coil end of one phase. Results of the frequency response in case of inter-turn faults are evaluated in both cases for different fault resistance values. The experimental setup is also described for each experiment. The results of the application of this technique to the detection of inter-turn faults justify further research in optimizing this technique for preventive maintenance.
Pressure-Transient Analysis for Horizontal Wells (1990)

Summary In recent years, pressure-transient behavior of horizontalpressure-transient behavior of horizontal wells has received considerableattention because of the increase in horizontal drilling. This paper presentsan interpretation method for presents an interpretation method forhorizontal-well pressure-transient testing that is applied to a buildup testfrom a horizontal well in the Prudhoe Bay field. The complex flow Prudhoe Bayfield. The complex flow geometry associated with horizontal wells makeswell-test interpretation difficult. Unique determination of the systemparameters from pressure data with a short testing time (typical test times forvertical wells) and/or production time is not possible. We production time isnot possible. We must run drawdown and buildup tests and acquire the downholeflow rate with pressure to estimate the reservoir parameters accurately. Introduction Interpretation of well tests from horizontal wells is much more difficultthan interpretation of those from vertical wells because of a considerablewellbore storage effect, the 3D nature of the flow geometry and lack of radialsymmetry, and strong correlations between certain parameters. Also, zonalvariations of vertical permeability and shale distribution complicateinterpretation. A well-defined flow period, comparable to that of the infinite-acting radialflow period (free from storage and boundary effects) period (free from storageand boundary effects) of a vertical well, is not apparent for horizontal wells, largely because most horizontal wells exhibit partial penetration effects evenwhen they are hilly perforated. Specific methods have been perforated. Specificmethods have been proposed to identify flow regimes and their proposed toidentify flow regimes and their durations under ideal conditions. AlthoughReiss and Sherrard et al. presented performance and production data fromperformance and production data from several horizontal wells and mentionedinterpretation of well-test data, they did not show how to extend theidentification and usage of flow regimes to the interpretation of realpressure-transient tests. This paper presents a method for the interpretation of wells data fromhorizontal wells and analyses of pseudosynthetic and real well-test data. Solutions With and Without Gas Cap or Aquifer In a horizontal well, there is usually considerable wellbore volume (50 to100 bbl) below the measurement point, even if the downhole flow rate ismeasured or a downhole shut-in device is used. The storage effect with thisadditional volume typically lasts longer than that in a vertical well in thesame formation because the anisotropy reduces the effective permeability atearly times to root of kHkV.
Experience of severe and critical COVID-19 in interstitial lung disease patients (2023)

Abstract Background Since the first case of severe COVID-19, its effect on patients with previous interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been uncertain. We aimed to describe baseline clinical characteristics in ILD patients hospitalized by several or critical COVID and compare mortality during hospitalization. Methods We studied patients with ILD plus COVID-19 and a control group, matched by age, 1:2 ratio of patients with COVID-19 without chronic lung disease. On admission, laboratory tests and sociodemographic variables we evaluated. We classified patients as severe or critically ill and compared baseline characteristics and mortality in each group. Additionally, we performed a sub-analysis of patients who died versus survivors. Results 41 patients and 82 controls were analyzed. We found differences in the ILD group, women 65 versus 33% (p &lt; 0.001); lower leukocytes (9 ± 6 versus 11 ± 7, p = 0.01), lower neutrophils (8 ± 5 vs 10 ± 6, p = 0.02). Also, higher mortality in the ILD plus critical COVID-19 group (63 vs. 33%, p = 0.007). Patients who died had higher BMI (28 ± 6 vs. 25 ± 4kg/m2, p = 0.05), less extended hospital stay (20 ± 17 vs. 36 ± 27 days, p = 0.01), and less days of evolution (9 ± 7 vs. 16 ± 16, p = 0.05). Conclusions We found higher mortality in patients with ILD plus critical COVID-19. Higher BMI and comorbidities were present in the non-survivors. The most common presented ILD was secondary to autoimmune diseases.
Fabrication and evaluation of a microspring contact array using a reel-to-reel continuous fiber process (2011)

In this work a novel patterning technique for fabrication of a conductive microspring array as an electrical contact structure directly on fiber substrate is introduced. Using low-temperature compression from the nanoimprinting technique to generate a gradient depth on the desired pattern, PEDOT: PSS film, the hair-like structures are released as bimorph microspring cantilevers. The microspring is in the form of a stress-engineered cantilever arranged in rows. The microspring contact array is employed in composing the electrical circuit through a large area of woven textile, and functions as the electrical contact between weft ribbon and warp ribbon. The spring itself has a contact resistance of 480 Ω to the plain PEDOT:PSS-coated ribbon, which shows a promising electrical transfer ability within the limitations of materials employed for reel-to-reel continuous processes. The microspring contact structures enhanced the durability, flexibility and stability of electrical contact in the woven textile better than those of the ribbons without the microspring. The contact experiment was repeated over 500 times, losing only 20 Ω of the resistance. Furthermore, to realize the spring structure, CYTOP is used as the releasing layer due to its low adhesive force to the fiber substrate. Moreover the first result of patternable CYTOP using nano-imprinting lithography is included.
UDP-( sup 14 C)glucose-labelable polypeptides from pea: Possible components of glucan synthase I activity (1989)

A membrane-bound polypeptide doublet of about 40 kD can be rapidly labeled with UDP-({sup 14}C)glucose under the assay conditions for glucan synthase I (GS-I). Label seems covalently bound, and chases when unlabeled UDPG is added; it might represent a covalent intermediate in polysaccharide synthesis. Labeling and GS-I activity show several common features: they co-sediment with Golgi membranes in sucrose gradients; they depend similarly on Mg{sup 2+} or Mn{sup 2+} (not Ca{sup 2+}); they decrease dramatically from stem apex to base, and are higher in epidermis than internal tissue; they show similar sensitivities to several inhibitors. But the doublet still labels after polysaccharide-synthesizing activity has been destroyed by Triton X-100. The doublet polypeptides might be glucosyl tranferases whose ability to transfer glucose units to a glucan chain is detergent-sensitive, but to accept glucose from UDPG is not; or they might be detergent-insensitive primary glucose acceptors, from which a distinct, detergent-sensitive transferase(s) move(s) these units to glucan chains.
TREC10 Web and interactive tracks at CSIRO (2002)

s time increases. 2. The web track 2.1. Topic distillation In topic distillation we used the following forms of evidence: . BM25 on content. Pages returned should be relevant. We indexed the .GOV corpus and applied BM25, sometimes with stemming sometimes without. . BM25 on content and referring anchor text. An alternative to content-only BM25 is to include referring anchor text words in the BM25 calculation (content and anchors). . In-link counting and filtering. We expected pages with more in-links to be potentially better answers, and we differentiated between on-host and off-host links. We also eliminated many results on the grounds that they had insufficient in-links. . URL length. We expected short URLs to be better answers than long URLs . BM25 score aggregation. We expected sites with many BM25-matching pages to be better than those with few. Table 1 reports the results for our topic distillation runs. Our (non-submitted) content-only achieved better performance than an
An analysis of the low frequency sound field in non-rectangular enclosures using the finite element method (1984)

First Page
Effects of collector structures on reverse-bias second breakdown of transistors (1968)

Reverse-bias second-breakdown characteristics are compared for diffused-base germanium power transistors with different collector structures. By designing an appropriate collector structure, appreciable increase in the resistance of the transistor to reverse-bias second breakdown is observed. Simple explanations for the phenomena are also described.
Comparison of VVIR, DDD, and DDDR Pacing (1989)

In the past several years there has been continued improvement in pacemaker technology, resulting in the availability of a large variety of pacemaker generators and pacing modes. The introduction of single‐chamber rate modulated pacemakers provided a further improvement in pacing therapy. With the recent introduction of dual‐chamber rate responsive pacemakers, it is now possible to more closely restore physiological function with pacing in a large number of patients. In deciding which pacing mode is most beneficial to a given patient, it is essential to understand the various characteristics of the different pacing modes that are available. It is essential to have knowledge of the underlying electrophysiological characteristics of the patient and how they would be affected by the different modes available. The VVIR mode will control bradycardia and provide rate adaptation but at the expense of AV synchrony. The DDD mode will control bradycardia and provide AV synchrony, but will not provide rate adaptation in patients with chronotropic incompetence. The DDDR mode will control bradycardia, maintain AV synchrony, and provide far rate adaptation in the presence of chronotropic incompetence. The chronotropic response to physiological stress and/or pacemaker syndrome are major determining factors in the choice of the best pacing mode. The primary goal of pacing therapy is to restore the heart function as close as possible to normal. When at all possible, this should include provision of both AV synchrony and rate modulation. The DDDR mode is preferable in most patients since it is capable of providing both AV synchrony and rate response (except those with chronic supraventricular arrhythmias). The VVIR mode is as effective in patients who have chronic atrial fibrillation or frequent episodes of supraventricitar arrhythmias.
Promoting control of antiferromagnet-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in magnetic multilayers: Effects of applying in-plane magnetic supporting layers (2019)

We report that antiferromagnet-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) occurring in magnetic thin films can be effectively controlled by applying ultrathin in-plane magnetic supporting layers with high ferromagnetic ordering temperature through magnetic proximity effects. In a series of epitaxially grown 12-ML Ni/Co/Mn/Co/Cu(001) films, we observed that the PMA of the top 12-ML Ni/Co films and the long-range antiferromagnetic ordering of Mn film were enhanced concurrently with the establishment of ferromagnetic ordering of the bottom Co film. This clearly proves the underlying mechanism of magnetic proximity effects, and offers another degree of freedom for the control of perpendicular-based magnetic logical devices.
Hysteroscopic proximal tubal occlusion versus laparoscopic salpingectomy as a treatment for hydrosalpinges prior to IVF or ICSI: an RCT (2016)

October 26, 2009.
Spiral inductors integrated in MCM-D using the design space concept (2002)

High quality integrated spiral inductors are essential components of integrated microwave applications such as passive filters. In order to be able to determine the specific inductor geometry that provides the highest possible quality factor for a given inductance value and frequency behaviour, the concept of inductor design spaces is introduced. These design spaces link inductor quality factors with inductance values and frequency ranges. Using a new theoretical inductor model that allows the prediction of the behaviour of any coplanar multi-turn circular spiral inductor on a thin film multilayer MCM-D structure, the design spaces may be explored for the geometries that produce the highest quality factors. The paper describes both the calculation of the inductor model and the use of the design space concept. Finally, the application of this concept for the design of passive filters is indicated.
Modeling and Analysis of a Strongly Coupled Series–Parallel-Compensated Wireless Power Transfer System (2018)

In the wireless charging of high-power electric buses or low-power consumer electronics, the charging distance is normally very small, leading to a strong coupling. Current distortion occurs for a wireless power transfer (WPT) system with a strong coupling. This paper investigates the strongly coupled series-parallel (SP)-compensated WPT system, where the first harmonic approximation (FHA) is no longer valid. A mathematical model of an SP-compensated WPT system based on differential equations is built. There are two sinusoidal components with significantly different frequencies existing in the transmitter and receiver currents, which cause the current distortion. The proposed model and FHA are compared, and the proposed model is more accurate than FHA. The estimations of the current root-mean-square values from FHA tend to be smaller than those from the proposed model and the measured values. In addition, it is found that with the increasing rectifier dc current, the system transits from zero voltage switching to zero current switching. The critical rectifier dc current decreases with the increasing operating frequency. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed model promotes a better design of an SP-compensated strongly coupled WPT system.
Correlated electron perovskite films for optical sensing applications (2015)

Advanced power generation technologies including solid oxide fuel cells require advancements in sensor technologies for efficient operation. Gas sensors for SOFC anode streams must be stable in high temperature and under reducing atmospheres. Optical sensing technologies offer the potential for good stability and sensing response under harsh conditions but are relatively new as compared to alternative sensing approaches and require significant developments in underlying device and enabling materials technology. In this paper, the near infrared optical sensing response of La<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>, a representative correlated perovskite material, is presented. Hydrogen sensing performance was measured in laboratory scale sensing experiments in the range of 1-4% hydrogen. The effect of oxygen on sensor recovery behavior was also examined. The films show a large, recoverable response to the introduction of hydrogen to the gas stream. The results presented here suggest this unique class of materials is a strong candidate for future sensor development efforts targeted at optical sensor applications but also requires additional fundamental research to understand the mechanistic origin of observed optical sensing responses.
The Effective Mechanical Advantage of A.L. 129‐1a for Knee Extension (2011)

The functional significance of shape differences between modern human and australopithecine distal femora remains unclear. Here, we examine the morphological component of the effective mechanical advantage (EMA) of the quadriceps muscle group in a sample of hominins that includes the fossil A.L. 129-1a (Australopithecus afarensis) and modern humans. Quadriceps muscle moment arms were calculated from three-dimensional computer models of specimens through a range of knee flexion. All hominins were compared using the same limb positions to allow us to examine, in isolation, the morphological component of the lengths of the pertinent moment arms. After taking into account the differences in bicondylar angle, the morphological component of the EMA was calculated as the ratio of the quadriceps muscle and ground reaction force moment arms. Our analyses reveal that A.L. 129-1a would have possessed a morphological component of the quadriceps muscle EMA expected for a hominin of its body mass.
Emotion Rendering in Plantar Vibro-Tactile Simulations of Imagined Walking Styles (2016)

This paper investigates the production and identification of emotional states of a walker using plantar vibro-tactile simulations. In a first experiment, participants were asked to render, according to imagined walking scenarios, five emotions (aggressive, happy, neutral, sad, and tender) by manipulating the parameters of synthetic footstep vibrations simulating various combinations of surface materials and shoes. Results allowed to identify, for the involved emotions and vibration conditions, the mean values and ranges of variation of two parameters, vibration amplitude and temporal distance between consecutive steps. Results were in accordance with those reported in previous studies on real walking, suggesting that the plantar vibro-tactile expression of emotions in walking is independent of the real or imagined motor activity. In a second experiment, participants were asked to identify the emotions portrayed by walking vibrations synthesized by setting the synthesis engine parameters to the mean values found in the first experiment. Results showed that the involved algorithms were successful in conveying the emotional information at a level comparable with previous studies. Results of both experiments revealed strong similarities with those of an analogous study on footstep sounds suggesting that emotionally expressive walking styles are consistently produced and recognized at auditory and plantar vibro-tactile level.