gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Bandwidth Capacitance Efficient Silicon MOS Modulator (2020)

This article analysed and optimised horizontal Silicon insulator Silicon capacitor (H-SISCAP) phase shifter structures with insulator thickness t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ox</sub> up to 40 nm. The phase shifter has an effective capacitance (Ceff) around 0.5 fF/μm and a phase change efficiency 1.8 V·cm, of which the balance between capacitance and phase efficiency is comparable with silicon rib waveguide based depletion type phase shifters. Silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) modulators with 200 μm long H-SISCAP phase shifters optimised for TM polarised light have been fabricated and demonstrated with a 3 dB EO bandwidth above 35 GHz and intrinsic H-SISCAP RC bandwidth around 150 GHz. The modulator displays open eye-diagrams for data rates up to 60 Gbit/s without detection equalization and 72 Gbit/s with 2 taps equalization in NRZ-OOK operation. The demonstrated H-SISCAP phase shifter paves the way to build high bandwidth segmented, travelling wave and compact ring resonators modulators for applications of optical transmitters, microwave generations, and LIDAR applications, etc.
Nitric oxide as a regulator of adrenal blood flow (1993)

To determine whether nitric oxide (NO) is involved in adrenal medullary vasodilation during splanchnic nerve stimulation (NS)-induced catecholamine secretion, blood flow (Q) and secretory responses were measured in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs before and after administration of the NO synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L-NAME (40 mg/kg iv over 5 min, followed by 40 mg.kg-1.h-1) reduced NO synthase activity of medullary and cortical homogenates from 5.2 +/- 0.3 to 0.7 +/- 0.1 pmol.min-1.mg protein-1 and from 1.2 +/- 0.2 pmol.min-1.mg protein-1 to undetectable levels, respectively. L-NAME reduced resting medullary and cortical Q by 42 and 60%, respectively. NS before L-NAME increased medullary Q from 181 +/- 16 to 937 +/- 159 ml.min-1.100 g-1 and epinephrine secretion from 1.9 +/- 0.8 to 781 +/- 331 ng/min. NS after L-NAME had no effect on medullary Q (103 +/- 14 vs. 188 +/- 34 ml.min-1.100 g-1), while epinephrine secretion increased to the same extent as in control animals (1.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 576 +/- 250 ng/min). L-NAME also unmasked NS-induced cortical vasoconstriction; cortical Q decreased from 96 +/- 8 to 50 +/- 5 ml.min-1.100 g-1. Administration of hexamethonium (30 mg/kg iv), a nicotinic receptor antagonist, reduced NS-induced epinephrine secretion by 90%. These data suggest independent neural control of medullary Q and catecholamine secretion, the former by NO and the latter by acetylcholine.
A focus reduction neutralization assay for hepatitis C virus neutralizing antibodies (2007)

This study presents a simple, specific and reproducible cell culture-based assay for determination of HCV-neutralizing antibodies in human sera. The assay should be an important tool for gauging the relationship between the neutralizing antibodies response and viral load kinetics in acutely or chronically infected patients and for investigating the possible eradication or prevention of HCV infection by neutralizing antibodies.
Solution-phase single-particle spectroscopy for probing multi-polaronic dynamics in quantum emitters at femtosecond resolution (2023)

The development of many optical quantum technologies depends on the availability of solid-state single quantum emitters with near-perfect optical coherence. However, a standing issue that limits systematic improvement is the significant sample heterogeneity and lack of mechanistic understanding of microscopic energy flow at the single emitter level and ultrafast timescales. Here we develop solution-phase single-particle pump-probe spectroscopy with photon correlation detection that captures sample-averaged dynamics in single molecules and/or defect states with unprecedented clarity at femtosecond resolution. We apply this technique to single quantum emitters in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride, which suffers from significant heterogeneity and low quantum efficiency. From millisecond to nanosecond timescales, the translation diffusion, metastable-state-related bunching shoulders, rotational dynamics, and antibunching features are disentangled by their distinct photon-correlation timescales, which collectively quantify the normalized two-photon emission quantum yield. Leveraging its femtosecond resolution, spectral selectivity and ultralow noise (two orders of magnitude improvement over solid-state methods), we visualize electron-phonon coupling in the time domain at the single defect level, and discover the acceleration of polaronic formation driven by multi-electron excitation. Corroborated with results from a theoretical polaron model, we show how this translates to sample-averaged photon fidelity characterization of cascaded emission efficiency and optical decoherence time. Our work provides a framework for ultrafast spectroscopy in single emitters, molecules, or defects prone to photoluminescence intermittency and heterogeneity, opening new avenues of extreme-scale characterization and synthetic improvements for quantum information applications.
Blow-Out Stability of Gaseous Jet Diffusion Flames. Part I: In Still Air (1981)

Abstract A universal non-dimensional formula that describes the blow-out stability limit of gaseous jet diffusion flames in still air has been found experimentally. Its validity has been established over a wide range of parameters that affect the blow-out limit. Its extrapolation to cases where the burner exit flow is choked suggests that for a given gas there is a critical burner diameter above which a stable flame can exist at any flow rate.
Beam-steerable microstrip-fed bow-tie antenna array for fifth generation cellular communications (2016)

The design and performance of a mm-wave phased array antenna for 5G mobile communication systems has been presented in this manuscript. The antenna is designed on a N9000 PTFE substrate with 0.787 mm thickness and 2.2 dielectric constant and 65×130 mm2 overall dimension. Eight bow-tie antenna elements have been used at the top-edge region of the mobile phone PCB. The antenna elements fed by microstrip lines are designed to operate at 17 GHz. The simulated results show good performances in terms of different antenna specifications. In addition, an investigation on the distance between antenna elements has been done.
CNT based mechanical devices for ULSI memory (2006)

Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) devices were developed for memory. The concept of a switch unit employing carbon nanotubes (CNT) was extended to random access memory (RAM). The unique vertical structure of these nanotubes allows a high integration density for devices. The easy fabrication process can give a high yield and reliability to device.
On The Use of Entropy to Predict Boundary Layer Stability (2004)

Boundary layer transition is a critical parameter in the design of fluid flow systems. This situation is due to the dramatic change in both entropy production and heat transfer that accompanies it. It is well recognized that many parameters affect the location of transition onset, however, no models exist which unify all these parameters. This paper presents a new hypothesis that the driving force of boundary layer transition onset is the entropy generation rate alone, with all other parameters being functions of this higher order quantity. At present this hypothesis is speculative, but encouraging since good compatibility is found with more established transition models.
Age and Sex Effects on the Single‐ and Multiple‐Dose Safety and Pharmacokinetics of the New Renin Inhibitor ACT‐178882 (2013)

Overall, single- and multiple-dose administration of ACT-178882 was well tolerated. No dose adaptation based on sex is necessary, whereas a dose reduction based on age could be considered.
1364: Long Term Potassium Citrate Therapy does Impact Urine pH (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium 40, Tuesday, May 22, 2007, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20071364: Long Term Potassium Citrate Therapy does Impact Urine pH Mamie R. Robinson, Victor A. Leitao, Charles D. Scales, George E. Haleblian, Aravind Chandrashekar, Sean A. Pierre, and Glenn M. Preminger Mamie R. RobinsonMamie R. Robinson More articles by this author , Victor A. LeitaoVictor A. Leitao More articles by this author , Charles D. ScalesCharles D. Scales More articles by this author , George E. HaleblianGeorge E. Haleblian More articles by this author , Aravind ChandrashekarAravind Chandrashekar More articles by this author , Sean A. PierreSean A. Pierre More articles by this author , and Glenn M. PremingerGlenn M. Preminger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31578-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1364: Long Term Potassium Citrate Therapy does Impact Urine pH." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 450 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 450 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Mamie R. Robinson More articles by this author Victor A. Leitao More articles by this author Charles D. Scales More articles by this author George E. Haleblian More articles by this author Aravind Chandrashekar More articles by this author Sean A. Pierre More articles by this author Glenn M. Preminger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Energy-efficient sampling schedules for Body Area Networks (2012)

We present a novel sampling method to overcome the tradeoff between sensing fidelity and energy-efficiency in the context of localized sensor arrays used by Body Area Networks (BANs). Prior research has tackled this tradeoff as a coverage problem, wherein a subset of sensors must cover the sensor field. Instead, we formulate it as a power-constrained sampling problem, limiting the number of samples taken per epoch to produce schedules with enhanced coverage and energy savings. This formulation capitalizes on the periodic nature and the strong spatio-temporal interactions that are innate to BAN sensor samples. Our algorithm produces schedules with over 170% in energy savings with increased sensor coverage that yields up to a 41% improvement in diagnostic estimates.
Laser amplifier and method (2023)

Laser amplifiers and methods for amplifying a laser beam are disclosed. A representative embodiment of the amplifier comprises first and second curved mirrors, a gain medium, a third mirror, and a mask. The gain medium is situated between the first and second curved mirrors at the focal point of each curved mirror. The first curved mirror directs and focuses a laser beam to pass through the gain medium to the second curved mirror which reflects and recollimates the laser beam. The gain medium amplifies and shapes the laser beam as the laser beam passes therethough. The third mirror reflects the laser beam, reflected from the second curved mirror, so that the laser beam bypasses the gain medium and return to the first curved mirror, thereby completing a cycle of a ring traversed by the laser beam. The mask defines at least one beam-clipping aperture through which the laser beam passes during a cycle. The gain medium is pumped, preferably using a suitable pumping laser. The laser amplifier can be used to increase the energy of continuous-wave or, especially, pulsed laser beams including pulses of femtosecond duration and relatively high pulse rate.
Conformational studies of the human vitamin A-transporting protein complex (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational studies of the human vitamin A-transporting protein complexLars Rask, Per A. Peterson, and Ingemar BjorkCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 2, 264–268Publication Date (Print):January 18, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00752a018https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00752a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cryptococcal meningitis is a cause for cross‐reactivity in cerebrospinal fluid assays for anti‐Histoplasma, anti‐Coccidioides and anti‐Blastomyces antibodies (2018)

Cryptococcal meningitis may cause false-positive results in the CSF for antibodies against Histoplasma, Blastomyces and Coccidioides. Fungal antigen testing should be performed to aid in differentiating true- and false-positive antibody results in the CSF.
New Directions in Decentralisation and Urban Policy in France: The Search for a Postdecentralisation State (1992)

Decentralisation is back on the political agenda in France, associated with the Act prepared by the Ministre de l'Intérieur, Pierre Joxe. It is argued that the reform is, above all, about reorganising the State territorial services in order to match local dynamism. An attempt is made to define a new balance between local authorities and the State in order to deal with some current problems such as the university crisis and the consequences of the urban crisis.
Review of Collagen I Hydrogels for Bioengineered Tissue Microenvironments: Characterization of Mechanics, Structure, and Transport (2014)

Type I collagen hydrogels have been used successfully as three-dimensional substrates for cell culture and have shown promise as scaffolds for engineered tissues and tumors. A critical step in the development of collagen hydrogels as viable tissue mimics is quantitative characterization of hydrogel properties and their correlation with fabrication parameters, which enables hydrogels to be tuned to match specific tissues or fulfill engineering requirements. A significant body of work has been devoted to characterization of collagen I hydrogels; however, due to the breadth of materials and techniques used for characterization, published data are often disjoint and hence their utility to the community is reduced. This review aims to determine the parameter space covered by existing data and identify key gaps in the literature so that future characterization and use of collagen I hydrogels for research can be most efficiently conducted. This review is divided into three sections: (1) relevant fabrication parameters are introduced and several of the most popular methods of controlling and regulating them are described, (2) hydrogel properties most relevant for tissue engineering are presented and discussed along with their characterization techniques, (3) the state of collagen I hydrogel characterization is recapitulated and future directions are proposed. Ultimately, this review can serve as a resource for selection of fabrication parameters and material characterization methodologies in order to increase the usefulness of future collagen-hydrogel-based characterization studies and tissue engineering experiments.
Changes in Vedolizumab Utilization Across US Academic Centers and Community Practice Are Associated With Improved Effectiveness and Disease Outcomes (2019)

Since FDA approval, remission and mucosal healing rates have increased for vedolizumab-treated CD patients, and vedolizumab-treated UC patients have had fewer hospitalizations and surgeries. This is likely due to differences between patient populations treated immediately after drug approval and those treated later.
Targeted volume correlative light and electron microscopy of an environmental marine microorganism (2023)

Photosynthetic microalgae are responsible for an important fraction of CO2 fixation and O2 production on Earth. Three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructural characterization of these organisms in their natural environment can contribute to a deeper understanding of their cell biology. However, the low throughput of volume electron microscopy (vEM) methods along with the complexity and heterogeneity of environmental samples pose great technical challenges. In the present study, we used a workflow based on a specific electron microscopy sample preparation method compatible with both light and vEM imaging in order to target one cell among a complex natural community. This method revealed the 3D subcellular landscape of a photosynthetic dinoflagellate, which we identified as Ensiculifera tyrrhenica, with quantitative characterization of multiple organelles. We show that this cell contains a single convoluted chloroplast and show the arrangement of the flagellar apparatus with its associated photosensitive elements. Moreover, we observed partial chromatin unfolding, potentially associated with transcription activity in these organisms, in which chromosomes are permanently condensed. Together with providing insights in dinoflagellate biology, this proof-of-principle study illustrates an efficient tool for the targeted ultrastructural analysis of environmental microorganisms in heterogeneous mixes.
P1‐232: Chronic BACE inhibition halts further age‐related increases in brain Aß and amyloid plaques in aged TgCRND8 mice with established plaques (2012)

Substantial evidence implicates Aß peptides in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aß is produced by the proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein by b - and g -secretase enzymes. Thus, b -secretase (BACE1) inhibition is a promising disease modifying treatment for AD. Utilizing transgenic CRND8 (TgCRND8) mice, a model of AD-related amyloid accumulation and deposition, we assessed the effects of 4 months of chronic in diet, oral administration of a potent and selective small molecule iminoheterocycle BACE inhibitor on amyloid-related pathology when treatment began well after amyloid plaques had been deposited. This paradigm more closely mimics the state of Aß accumulation and deposition that is likely to be present even at the earliest stages of AD. Since it was reported that constitutive BACE1 knockout mice show 1) reduced peripheral nerve myelination, 2) reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI, a model of auditory gating often associated with schizophrenia) and 3) in certain instances impaired cognitive performance, we tested the mice in PPI and the Morris water maze and quantified sciatic nerve myelination after 4 months of chronic BACE inhibition. Chronic BACE inhibition in post-plaque TgCRND8 mice dramatically reduced Aß in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and halted further age-related increases in brain Aß and amyloid deposition. Furthermore, the burden of mature plaques was reduced below that observed at baseline, suggesting amyloid plaque regression following chronic BACE inhibition. There was no effect of chronic BACE inhibition on performance in PPI or the water maze, or on peripheral nerve myelin thickness, suggesting that chronic pharmacological inhibition of BACE in adult mice does not produce the same effects observed in constitutive BACE1 knockout mice. Thus, chronic administration of our potent BACE inhibitor in post-plaque TgCRND8 mice prevents further progression of amyloid-related pathology. In addition, there were no adverse effects observed following chronic pharmacological inhibition of BACE, including no effects on PPI, cognition or myelination. These data suggest that even in patients with substantial amyloid burden, BACE1 inhibition may halt further progression or promote regression of amyloid-related pathology in the clinic.
Observation of Ellipsometric Oscillations when Depositing SiOx Film on Si(100) Substrate Using an Electron Beam Deposition Method (1997)

We have observed ellipsometric oscillations when depositing SiO x film on Si(100) substrate using an electron beam deposition method. A period of these oscillations is calculated to be 5.3 Å thick. From an investigation using a rough surface model in ellipsometry, it is considered that this SiO x film is deposited layer-by-layer. This ellipsometry oscillation, first reported in this letter, is applicable to noncrystalline films in which reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) oscillations are ineffective.
Input Selection for Performance and Controllability of Structured Linear Descriptor Systems (2017)

A common approach to controlling complex networks is to directly control a subset of input nodes, which then controls the remaining nodes via network interactions. While techniques have been proposed for selecting input nodes based on either performance metrics or controllability, a unifying approach based on joint consideration of performance and controllability is an open problem. In this paper, we develop a submodular optimization framework for selecting input nodes based on joint performance and controllability in structured linear descriptor systems. We develop our framework for arbitrary linear descriptor systems. In developing our framework, we first prove that selecting a minimum-size set of input nodes for controllability is a matroid intersection problem that can be solved in polynomial-time in the network size. We then prove that input selection to maximize a performance metric with controllability as a constraint is equivalent to maximizing a monotone submodular function with two matroid basis constraints, and derive efficient approximation algorithms with provable optimality bounds for input selection. Finally, we present a graph controllability index metric, which characterizes the largest controllable subgraph of a given complex network, and prove its submodular structure, leading to input selection algorithms that trade-off performance and controllability. We provide improved optimality guarantees for known systems such as strongly connected networks, consensus networks, networks of double integrators, and networks where all system parameters (e.g., link weights) are chosen independently and at random.
Transferring principles of solid-state and Laplace NMR to the fieldof in vivo brain MRI (2019)

Abstract. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the primary method for non-invasive investigations of the human brain in health, disease, and development, but yields data that are difficult to interpret whenever the millimeter-scale voxels contain multiple microscopic tissue environments with different chemical and structural properties. We propose a clinically feasible MRI framework to quantify the microscopic heterogeneity of the living human brain as spatially resolved five-dimensional relaxation-diffusion distributions by augmenting a conventional diffusion-weighted imaging sequence with signal encoding principles from multidimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, relaxation-diffusion correlation methods from Laplace NMR of porous media, and Monte Carlo data inversion. The high dimensionality of the distribution space allows resolution of multiple microscopic environments within each heterogeneous voxel as well as their individual characterization with novel statistical measures that combine the chemical sensitivity of the relaxation rates with the link between microstructure and the anisotropic diffusivity of tissue water.