gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Interactions between Finite Tapes of Water Molecules and Hydrated Metal Ions To Produce Infinite Two-Dimensional Cationic Layers of Water Molecules (2013)

A supramolecular self-assembly of finite tapes of lattice water molecules with the coordinated water molecules of hydrated metal ions forms 2D cationic layers of water molecules in the coordination complex [Ni(H2O)6][Ni(Pydi)2(H2O)2]·4H2O (Pydi = 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate). It reveals yet another unique mode of the cooperative association of water molecules. The anionic layers have a well-known 2D, nonporous metal–organic framework formed by the assistance from H-bonding of coordinating water molecules.
4-Amino-2-(substituted methyl)-2-butenoic acids: substrates and potent inhibitors of .gamma.-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (1986)

4-Amino-2-(substituted methyl)-2-butenoic acids, where X (the substituted group) = F, Cl, OH, are synthesized from Cbz-protected tert-butyl 4-aminobutanoate. Successive substitutions at the alpha-carbon by phenylseleno and hydroxymethyl groups, followed by elimination of the selenoxide and halide substitution at the hydroxymethyl group, afford the compounds in good yields. An unexpected degree of stereoselectivity is observed in the selenoxide elimination step, which yields the desired E isomer as the sole product. These compounds complement two previously reported series of compounds (Silverman, R. B.; Levy, M. A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1980, 95, 250-255; J. Biol. Chem. 1981, 256, 11 565-11 568) and are used in an approach to map a section of the active site of gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-T). None of these compounds is a time-dependent inactivator of GABA-T, but all are potent competitive reversible inhibitors; the hydroxy compound has a Ki value of 5 microM. That these compounds are not inactivators suggests that either elimination of X does not occur or that there is no active site nucleophile in the appropriate position for reaction following elimination. With use of the fluoro analogue, enzyme-catalyzed fluoride ion release is demonstrated, indicating that elimination does occur. Unlike the previous two series of compounds (op. cit.) in which exclusive elimination occurs when the substituent is a halogen but exclusive transamination prevails for the hydroxyl-substituted analogues, in the series described here, the fluoro analogue gives a 4:1 ratio of elimination to transamination. This suggests that the 2,3-double bond stabilizes the product of azallylic isomerization of the Schiff base between the fluoro compound and pyridoxal phosphate. The results described here indicate that the design of a mechanism-based inactivator for GABA-T should not be based on electrophile generation near the 2-position of enzyme-bound GABA. Furthermore, substitution of an inhibitor with a 2-hydroxymethyl group (or other hydrogen-bonding substituent) and a 2,3-double bond may lend auspicious binding properties to the molecule for GABA-T.
Graphene‐Based Flexible and Stretchable Electronics (2016)

Graphene provides outstanding properties that can be integrated into various flexible and stretchable electronic devices in a conventional, scalable fashion. The mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of graphene make it an attractive candidate for applications in electronics, energy-harvesting devices, sensors, and other systems. Recent research progress on graphene-based flexible and stretchable electronics is reviewed here. The production and fabrication methods used for target device applications are first briefly discussed. Then, the various types of flexible and stretchable electronic devices that are enabled by graphene are discussed, including logic devices, energy-harvesting devices, sensors, and bioinspired devices. The results represent important steps in the development of graphene-based electronics that could find applications in the area of flexible and stretchable electronics.
Vertical split-ring resonator based nanoplasmonic sensor (2014)

Split-ring resonators (SRRs) have been the subject of investigation as plasmonic sensors that operate by sensing plasmon resonance shift δλ when exposed to a medium with a refractive index change δn. However, conventional planar SRRs have their plasmon fields spread into the substrates, reducing accessible sensing volume and its sensing performance. Such a limitation can be eradicated with vertical SRRs in which the plasmon fields localized in SRR gaps are lifted off from the substrate, allowing for greatly enhanced sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate the highest sensitivity among reported SRR-based sensors in optical frequencies.
Natural gas partial oxidation process as a way to synthesize onion-like carbon (2019)

Onion-like carbon (OLC) particles were produced as a byproduct of thermal partial oxidation of methane under different O2/Natural Gas (NG) ratio. It was established that the particles have quasi-spherical morphology and concentric shell structure. The particles have an outer diameter of 20–60 nm while the inner cage is rather typical for onions and has a diameter below 1 nm. The concentric graphitic structure and spherical symmetry along with the absence of amorphous carbon were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, EDX spectroscopy and Raman investigation. Variation of O2/NG ratio was proved a powerful tool for controlling OLC particles yield and structure. The formation of single-core or multicore OLC can be controlled by thermal partial oxidation process.
Increasing membrane-bound MCSF does not enhance OPGL-driven osteoclastogenesis from marrow cells (2001)

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) and osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), both produced by osteoblasts/stromal cells, are essential factors for osteoclastogenesis. Whether local MCSF levels regulate the amount of osteoclast formation is unclear. Two culture systems, ST-2 and Chinese hamster ovary-membrane-bound MCSF (CHO-mMCSF)-Tet-OFF cells, were used to study the role of mMCSF in osteoclast formation. Cells from bone marrow (BMM) or spleen were cultured with soluble OPGL on glutaraldehyde-fixed cell layers; osteoclasts formed after 7 days. Osteoclast number was proportional to the amount of soluble OPGL added. In contrast, varying mMCSF levels in the ST-2 or CHO-mMCSF-Tet-OFF cell layers, respectively by variable plating or by addition of doxycycline, did not affect BMM osteoclastogenesis: 20-450 U of mMCSF per well generated similar osteoclast numbers. In contrast, spleen cells were resistant to mMCSF: osteoclastogenesis required > or = 250 U per well and further increased as mMCSF rose higher. Our results demonstrate that osteoclast formation in the local bone environment is dominated by OPGL. Increasing mMCSF above basal levels does not further enhance osteoclast formation from BMMs, indicating that mMCSF does not play a dominant regulatory role in the bone marrow.
Plant polysaccharides, biosynthesis and bioengineering (2011)

Plant Polysaccharides, an exceptional new volume in Wiley-Blackwell's successful Annual Plant Reviews series, covers the polysaccharides and proteins that form the fundamental architecture of the plant cell wall, and the genes that encode the cellular machinery that synthesizes them. The volume focuses on the evolution of the many families of genes whose products are required to make a particular kind of polysaccharide, bringing attention to the specific biochemical properties of the proteins to the level of kinds of sugar linkages they make. Beautifully illustrated in full colour throughout, this exceptional new volume provides cutting edge up-to-date information on such important topics as cell wall biology, composition and biosynthesis, glycosyltransferases, hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, enzymatic modification of plant cell wall polysaccharides, glycan engineering in transgenic plants, and polysaccharide nanobiotechnology. Drawing together some of the world's leading experts in these areas, the editor, Peter Ulvskov, has provided a landmark volume that is essential reading for plant and crop scientists, biochemists, molecular biologists and geneticists. All libraries in universities and research establishments. where plant sciences, agriculture, biological, biochemical and molecular sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this important volume.
Atrial Burst Pacing with Biphasic and Monophasic Waveforms for Atrial Fibrillation (2012)

Rapid atrial pacing using a variety of waveforms at the cycle length and output used in the current study was found to be safe. There was a single success in converting a chronic AF to sinus rhythm.
IXDB, an X chromosome integrated database (update) (1999)

Chromosome specific databases are an important research tool as they integrate data from different directions, such as genetic and physical mapping data, expression data, sequences etc. They supplement the genome-wide repositories in molecular biology, such as GenBank, Swiss-Prot or OMIM, which usually concentrate on one type of information. The Integrated X Chromosome Database (IXDB, http://ixdb.mpimg-berlin-dahlem.mpg.de/) is a repository for physical mapping data of the human X chromosome and aims at providing a global view of genomic data at a chromosomal level. We present here an update of IXDB which includes schema extensions for storing submaps and sequence information, additional links to external databases, and the integration of an increasing number of physical and transcript mapping data. The gene data was completely updated according to the approved gene symbols of the HUGO Nomenclature Committee. IXDB receives over 1000 queries per month, an indication that its content is valuable to researchers seeking mapping data of the human X chromosome.
Human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas and squamous cell carcinoma (1992)

The diagnostic and prognostic relevance of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in squamous papilloma, inverted papilloma, and squamous carcinoma of the sinonasal epithelium was examined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Four (15%) of 26 squamous papillomas, 7 (24%) of 29 inverted papillomas, and 1 (4%) of 24 squamous carcinomas were positive for HPV when examined using the PCR amplification technique. Human papillomavirus 6 was present in 5 specimens (3 squamous and 2 inverted papillomas); HPV-11 was present in 6 specimens (1 squamous and 5 inverted papillomas); and HPV-18 was present in 1 of 24 squamous carcinomas. HPV-16 was not identified in any specimen. The proportion of tissue samples showing HPV presence, and the association of HPV types 6 and 11 with benign lesions and HPV-18 with malignant lesions, are both in accord with findings from prior investigations. Two major questions regarding nasal papilloma are the probability for lesion recurrence after surgical excision and the risk for malignant transformation. There is no unanimity of opinion regarding the prognostic value of histopathologic dysplasia to forecast these outcomes. HPV is etiologically related to a subset of sinonasal papillomas and squamous carcinoma, and those with benign and malignant clinical course are separable on basis of HPV type. Because of the paucity of these nasal lesions, a multi-institutional prospective collaborative study is the ideal way to address these questions.
Assessment of muscle oxygenation with balanced SSFP: A quantitative signal analysis (2008)

b-SSFP signal changes during a RH paradigm cannot unambiguously be assigned to oxygenation changes. Therefore, care has to be taken with their interpretation.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF POLYCYCLIC ARENE IMINES. V. REACTIONS OF PHENANTHRENE 9,10‐IMINE WITH NUCLEOPHILES UNDER PHASE TRANSFER CONDITIONS (1985)

Abstract Phenanthren‐ 9,10‐imin (I) wird in wäßrigem Milieu zu (I11) substituiert.
Systematic evaluation of CPRI signal quality under superimposed AMCC signal (2017)

We have experimentally evaluated a bit rate dependence of superimposed AMCC signal on 64B/66B line coded CPRI option 8 signal. We have clarified the trade-off relationship between bit rate of AMCC and degradation of main signal.
Presenting a Special Issue on “Medicinal Chemistry: From Targets to Therapies” (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTPresenting a Special Issue on "Medicinal Chemistry: From Targets to Therapies"Bruce E. MaryanoffBruce E. MaryanoffMore by Bruce E. Maryanoffhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-2357 and Peter Wipf*Peter WipfMore by Peter Wipfhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-5863Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 10, 1780–1782Publication Date (Web):October 8, 2020Publication History Published online8 October 2020Published inissue 8 October 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00508https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00508editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views15176Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (585 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Diseases and disorders,Inhibitors,Medicinal chemistry,Peptides and proteins,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Mannlig infertilitet: Intracytoplasmatisk spermieinjeksjon (ICSI) med spermier uthentet fra bitestikkel eller testikkel (2007)

Sosial- og helsedirektoratet har bedt Kunnskapssenteret gå gjennom vitenskapelig dokumentasjon om emnet og besvare følgende spørsmål: "Ved ufrivillig barnløshet på grunn av mannlig infertilitet, hva er effekten av intracytoplasmatisk spermieinjeksjon (ICSI) med spermier hentet ut fra bitestikkel eller testikkel på risiko for spontanabort, kromosomfeil, vekstforstyrrelser, medfødte misdannelser, nevrologisk funksjonsavvik og overføring av nedsatt sædkvalitet til neste generasjon."
<title>Free-space optical interconnects and parallel accessed optical storage</title> (1995)

Over the last decade, free-space optical interconnects have been investigated for their potential use for inter- and intra-chip communication. Among the unique characteristics of free-space interconnects are their 3D nature, lower power requirements and potential for higher connectivity and compactness. On the other hand, 3D assembly which can are emerging to package many electronic chips in a single 3D assembly which can provide single chip like performance. These 3D packaging techniques are especially useful when applications of interest require simultaneously algorithms with functions that do not fit in a few chips and a systems implementation with a small volume and weight. At UCSD, jointly with Hughes Research, we are investigating the potential impact of using free-space optical interconnects to communicate between several such 3D electronic modules. This approach relies on implementing long module to module communication by free-space optical interconnects conserving the benefits of 3D packaging of chips at the system level. This is derived by the good match that exists in the characteristics and capabilities of these electronic and optical 3D techniques in terms of I/O density, bandwidth, and small volume and power.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A new robust flux, speed and rotor time constant estimation for wide range sensorless control of an induction machine (2002)

In this study, a new sliding mode current observer is proposed for the flux and speed estimation of an induction machine. The flux estimation accuracy is guaranteed through the current observer, i.e. the error between the actual current and observed current converges to zero which guarantees the accuracy of the flux estimation. The rotor speed is then estimated by using the estimated flux and sliding functions. During this process Euler approximation is used for derivation. The resulting algorithm guarantees that the correct speed and rotor time constant estimation is possible even before the system trajectories reach the sliding manifold, which enables the correct estimation before the observed currents converges the measured values. The new approach is verified by simulation and experimental results, which show the robustness and performance of the proposed observer structure.
LiCoO[sub 2] Thin-Film Batteries (2005)

In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy of a thin-film -based secondary battery is reported. Batteries made with thin-film cathodes annealed at were found to be electrochemically very similar to their counterparts using bulk cathodes. Complementary information from the near-edge and extended structure from the -edge revealed the electronic and atomic structure, respectively, around as a function of content. The electronic and atomic structure of indicates that upon removal, charge compensation occurs both by formation of as well as holes until reaches 0.25, after which it occurs only by formation of d-holes.
Impact of Iron Minerals in Promoting Wettability Alterations in Reservoir Formations (2021)

Asphaltene adsorption and deposition onto rock surfaces are predominantly the cause of wettability and permeability alterations which result in well productivity losses. These alterations can be induced by rock-fluid interactions which are affected by well operations such as acidizing, stimulation, gas injections, and so forth. Iron minerals are found abundantly in sandstone reservoir formations and pose a problem by precipitation and adsorption of polar crude components. This is due to rock-fluid interactions, which are dependent on reservoir pH; thus, this research work studied the surface charge development of pyrite, magnetite, and hematite. To ascertain conditions that will result in iron mineral precipitation and adsorption of asphaltene on iron mineral surfaces, zeta potential measurement was carried out. This is to determine the charge and colloidal stability of the iron mineral samples across wide pH values. Experimental results show that the charge development of iron minerals is controlled by mineral dissolution, the formation of complexes, adsorption of ions on the mineral surface, and the collapse of the double layer. The findings provide insights into the implications of iron mineral contacting crude oil in reservoir formations and how they contribute to wettability alterations due to different well operations.
Support of early B-cell differentiation in mouse fetal liver by stromal cells and interleukin-7 (1991)

We compared the development of B-cell progenitors with that of myeloid progenitors in fetal liver cells at various gestational ages. Day 12 to 14 fetal liver cells did not form pre-B-cell colonies. Pre-B-cell colonies were developed from day 15 fetal liver cells. The incidence of colonies increased with increases in gestational age and reached a maximum on days 18 to 19. In contrast, the incidence of myeloid colonies formed in the presence of interleukin-3 (IL-3) and erythropoietin did not change significantly during days 13 to 21 of gestation. After coculturing day 13 fetal liver cells with IL-7- producing stromal cell line ST-2, they could respond to IL-7 and proliferate. Analysis of the phenotypes showed that day 13 fetal liver cells were B220-, IgM-, while culturing day 13 fetal liver cells with ST-2 and untreated day 18 fetal liver cells contained the population of B220+ cells. Even in the presence of IL-7-defective stromal cell line FLS-3, IL-7-responsive cells could be induced from day 13 fetal liver cells. IL-7 acted on B220+ cells and induced pre-B-cell colonies that contained IgM+ cells in the methylcellulose culture. IL-7 mRNA was expressed in days 13 and 18 fetal liver cells but not in pre-B cells or adult liver cells. From these findings, it is suggested that stromal cells or stromal-derived factors but not IL-7 were required for the differentiation from B220- cells to B220+ cells. In the second stage, B220+, IgM- cells proliferated and some of them differentiated to IgM+ cells in the presence of IL-7 alone. The two-step model can apply to in vivo early B lymphopoiesis.
Physiological capture of augmented viewing states: objective measures of high-dynamic-range and wide-color-gamut viewing experiences (2016)

The capability for improved image and video reproduction quality is notably growing. For example, augmentation of resolution and dynamic range allows for a markedly transformed viewer experience. These can influence a viewer&#x2019;s experience of content in a manner not captured by standardized methods of subjective quality assessment. Changes in viewer experiences may include elevated arousal, enhanced emotional impact, and increased engagement. Here we describe objective methods and data metrics allowing for the assessment of individual responses to high-dynamic-range (HDR) and wide-color-gamut (WCG) motion imagery using electroencephalography (EEG) measurements. All test content was mapped from a HDR/WCG source, with the HDR/WCG content mapped to the parameters of the stimulus display (0.005-1000 cd/m2 dynamic range, DCI P3 color space). Comparison baseline content was mapped to the parameters of a standard consumer TV (0.05-100 cd/m2 dynamic range, Rec. 709 color space). The difference between viewing the HDR/WCG content and baseline content was captured using EEG to probe modulation of visual cortical drive, elicited with a fixed-frequency reversing checkerboard stimulus. These metrics are combined with a broader set of measures to collectively quantify content- and dynamic range-dependent impacts of engagement and attentional processing.
Fiber-based arrayed waveguide grating for spectral sensing (2022)

Microwave photonics can be used to conduct instantaneous spectral imaging of incoming microwave signals. Here, we demonstrate the use of a fiber-based arrayed waveguide grating (FAWG) to detect the microwave spectrum over a 25 GHz bandwidth with sub-2-GHz resolution. The received microwave signal, amplified by the device radio-frequency (RF) front end, is upconverted to the optical domain using an electro-optic modulator and sent through an array of optical fibers of different lengths. Like an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), the different fiber lengths produce observable frequency dispersion. Fine frequency resolution is enabled by large path length differences among the optical fibers. Since fibers are susceptible to environmental fluctuations such as mechanical vibrations or temperature changes, active phase control is utilized to compensate for phase variations in real time. After optical filtering, the spectrum is captured by a linear IR camera that is placed at the Fourier-transform plane of the free-space optical-detection system. The FAWG has possible applications for microwave sensing as well as optical communications and can be adapted for different frequency ranges and resolutions. Here, it is discussed in the context of atmospheric sounding to measure remotely the temperature and water-vapor content.