gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel optical interconnect devices and coupling methods applying self-written waveguide technology (2011)

For the use in cost-effective optical interconnection of opt-electronic printed wiring boards (OE-PWBs), we have developed novel optical interconnect devices and coupling methods simplifying board to board optical interconnect. All these are based on the self-written waveguide (SWW) technology by the mask-transfer method with light-curable resin. This method enables fabrication of arrayed M &times; N optical channels at one shot of UV light. Very precise patterns, as an example, optical rod with diameters of 50&#956;m to 500&#956;m, can be easily fabricated. The length of the fabricated patterns ,, typically up to about 1000&mu;m , can be controlled by a spacer placed between the photomask and the substrate. Using these technologies, several new optical interfaces have been demonstrated. These are a chip VCSEL with an optical output rod and new coupling methods of "plug-in" alignment and "optical socket" based on SWW.
Analysis of the Murine Immune Response to Pulmonary Delivery of Precisely Fabricated Nano- and Microscale Particles (2020)

Nanomedicine has the potential to transform clinical care in the 21st century. However, a precise understanding of how nanomaterial design parameters such as size, shape and composition affect the mammalian immune system is a prerequisite for the realization of nanomedicine's translational promise. Herein, we make use of the recently developed Particle Replication in Non-wetting Template (PRINT) fabrication process to precisely fabricate particles across and the nano- and micro-scale with defined shapes and compositions to address the role of particle design parameters on the murine innate immune response in both in vitro and in vivo settings. We find that particles composed of either the biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or the biocompatible polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) do not cause release of pro-inflammatory cytokines nor inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. When instilled into the lungs of mice, particle composition and size can augment the number and type of innate immune cells recruited to the lungs without triggering inflammatory responses as assayed by cytokine release and histopathology. Smaller particles (80×320 nm) are more readily taken up in vivo by monocytes and macrophages than larger particles (6 µm diameter), yet particles of all tested sizes remained in the lungs for up to 7 days without clearance or triggering of host immunity. These results suggest rational design of nanoparticle physical parameters can be used for sustained and localized delivery of therapeutics to the lungs.
A Cloud-Migration Feasibility Advisor (2020)

Many organizations, driven by the need for greater productivity and lower costs, are moving their portfolio of applications to the cloud. However, there are many challenges in migrating an application to the cloud. That is, there are different aspects of an application that affect its cloud-migration feasibility. That is why assessing the feasibility of migrating an application to the cloud is not an easy task. Also, it is non-trivial to map which cloud solution - whether infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, or software as a service, should be used for hosting the application, if it is shown to be cloud-migration feasible. In this paper, we present a novel cloud-migration feasibility advisor that analyzes the meta data received about an application and evaluates whether it is feasible to move it to the cloud or not. In addition, the advisor uses dependency graphs and the aforementioned meta data to classify which cloud solution would suit best for the application, if it is deemed migration feasible.
Développement d'indicateurs chimiques et toxicologiques pour l'évaluation de la qualité des milieux (2013)

/ A l'heure actuelle, l'évaluation de la qualité biologique des milieux aquatiques reposent principalement sur l'utilisation de diverses métriques biologiques basées sur les populations et les communautés biologiques notamment les invertébrés et les poissons. Ces mesures ont prouvé leur utilité pour décrire l'état d'un écosystème et mettre en évidence leur perturbation, mais se confrontent à plusieurs limites dans l'étude de l'impact des contaminants. Ainsi, l'état des objets biologiques observés à ces niveaux d'organisation peuvent intégrer aussi bien l'influence de variables physiques (habitat) que chimiques et ne permettent pas d'identifier le type de contaminant incriminé. De plus, les patrons (de dégradations et de non dégradation) à la base du diagnostic proposé résultent de l'influence de ces paramètres environnementaux à de grandes échelles temporelles et spatiales. La nécessité de devoir identifier l'origine d'une perturbation et de discriminer un stress d'origine physique (habitat) ou chimique (polluant) impose la capacité d'établir et de quantifier les liens existants entre cause et effet et par conséquent de revenir à des « systèmes biologiques » moins complexes (niveau biologique moins élevé) que sont la cellule ou l'organisme. Ainsi de nombreux tests de laboratoire ont été développés et utilisés pour évaluer la toxicité de polluants et d'échantillons environnementaux tels que les rejets. L'intérêt de disposer de tests standardisés permet des comparaisons robustes et fiables des données obtenues, mais constitue également une limite forte pour l'évaluation de la qualité des milieux. En effet, il est souvent délicat d'extrapoler et d'interpréter ces données en milieu naturel. De plus ces tests se confrontent à de nombreuses limites techniques. Plus récemment l'écotoxicologie a mis en place des approches in situ, basées sur l'utilisation d'organismes autochtones ou sur l'encagement d'organismes provenant d'une population contrôle et la mise en place de mesures de toxicité (biomarqueurs et traits de vie). La DCE, aujourd'hui, ne s'appuie pas sur l'utilisation des biomarqueurs et biotests en complémentarité à l'état chimique et écologique pour permettre un meilleur diagnostic de la fraction des contaminants biodisponible et la toxicité de cette pollution chimique. Toutefois, différents travaux de recherche menés à l'INERIS (sur le poisson) et à l'Irstea (chez les invertébrés, notamment le gammare) se sont attachés à comprendre la variabilité naturelle pour de nombreux indicateurs chimiques et de toxicité et par conséquent de définir des valeurs seuils, permettant une interprétation fiable de ces indicateurs. L'ensemble de ces travaux de développement méthodologique des biomarqueurs et de connaissance du fonctionnement de ces outils permet aujourd'hui de proposer un transfert de la sphère de la recherche vers la sphère opérationnelle notamment dans le cadre des contrôles d'enquête et d'investigations environnementales.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of A‐80426: A Putative Novel Antidepressant Combining α‐2 Antagonism with 5‐HT Uptake Inhibition. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Delay improvement of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function using size-based scheduling (2005)

Delay optimization is an important issue for ad hoc wireless networks supporting multimedia applications. Current medium access schemes do not take the application packet size into account for their operation. Long packets win the channel contention equally likely as the smaller packets; however, they occupy the channel for a longer time. This unfairness leads to increased delay and jitter for smaller packets. This paper attempts to resolve the above issue by proposing a fully distributed algorithm that adapts the contention process to the packet size as well. More specifically, we emulate the shortest job first scheduling policy by proposing a new resetting backoff regime. The proposed scheme is then compared to the distributed coordination function of the IEEE 802.11 standard. Analytical and simulation results show that the delay of the small packets is significantly improved.
MiTAP, text and audio processing for bio-security: a case study (2002)

MiTAP (MITRE Text and Audio Processing) is a prototype system available for monitoring infectious disease outbreaks and other global events. MiTAP focuses on providing timely, multi-lingual, global information access to medical experts and individuals involved in humanitarian assistance and relief work. Multiple information sources in multiple languages are automatically captured, filtered, translated, summarized, and categorized by disease, region, information source, person, and organization. Critical information is automatically extracted and tagged to facilitate browsing, searching, and sorting. The system supports shared situational awareness through collaboration, allowing users to submit other articles for processing, annotate existing documents, post directly to the system, and flag messages for others to see. MiTAP currently stores eight hundred thousand articles and processes an additional 2000 to 10,000 daily, delivering up-to-date information to dozens of regular users.
Uncovering temperature-dependent exciton-polariton relaxation mechanisms in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (2023)

Hybrid perovskites have emerged as a promising material candidate for exciton-polariton (polariton) optoelectronics. Thermodynamically, low-threshold Bose-Einstein condensation requires efficient scattering to the polariton energy dispersion minimum, and many applications demand precise control of polariton interactions. Thus far, the primary mechanisms by which polaritons relax in perovskites remains unclear. In this work, we perform temperature-dependent measurements of polaritons in low-dimensional perovskite wedged microcavities achieving a Rabi splitting of [Formula: see text] = 260 ± 5 meV. We change the Hopfield coefficients by moving the optical excitation along the cavity wedge and thus tune the strength of the primary polariton relaxation mechanisms in this material. We observe the polariton bottleneck regime and show that it can be overcome by harnessing the interplay between the different excitonic species whose corresponding dynamics are modified by strong coupling. This work provides an understanding of polariton relaxation in perovskites benefiting from efficient, material-specific relaxation pathways and intracavity pumping schemes from thermally brightened excitonic species.
Supplementary Fig. 3 from Clinical Importance of the lncRNA <i>NEAT1</i> in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. 3 NEAT1 levels are associated with the upregulation of the interferon-gamma pathway in glioblastoma.&lt;/p&gt;
Experimental Study of Tip Radius of Beeswax-Discharge Writing Material and Embossment of Beeswax for Tactile Beginners (2014)

Visually challenged people use raised-line drawing kits for drawing. There are some drawbacks such as the drawn line cannot be erased. Previously, we prepared pens and pencils (Beeswax-discharge writing material) that overcame the limitations of raised-line drawing kits by way of trial. Beeswax-discharge writing material is intended for visually impaired people. However, the number of people who become visually impaired and do not have sufficient tactile experiences has increased. Nevertheless, we lack design guidelines for using Beeswax-discharge writing material for tactile beginners. To determine a suitable radius of pen tip, we evaluated its influence on ease of drawing. Additionally, we measured the height and width of drawn lines for verifying their ease of perception. The results reveal that tactile beginners can draw easily when the radius of the pen tip is 1.00 mm, and lines drawn with Beeswax-discharge writing material are easy to perceive.
Effect of Tip Gap and Squealer Geometry on Detailed Heat Transfer Measurements Over a High Pressure Turbine Rotor Blade Tip (2004)

The present study explores the effects of gap height and tip geometry on heat transfer distribution over the tip surface of a HPT first-stage rotor blade. The pressure ratio (inlet total pressure to exit static pressure for the cascade) used was 1.2, and the experiments were run in a blow-down test rig with a four-blade linear cascade. A transient liquid crystal technique was used to obtain the tip heat transfer distributions. Pressure measurements were made on the blade surface and on the shroud for different tip geometries and tip gaps to characterize the leakage flow and understand the heat transfer distributions. Two different tip gap-to-blade span ratios of 1% and 2.6% are investigated for a plane tip, and a deep squealer with depth-to-blade span ratio of 0.0416. For a shallow squealer with depth-to-blade span ratio of 0.0104, only 1% gap-to-span ratio is considered. The presence of the squealer alters the tip gap flow field significantly and produces lower overall heat transfer coefficients. The effects of different partial squealer arrangements are also investigated for the shallow squealer depth. These simulate partial burning off of the squealer in real turbine blades. Results show that some partial burning of squealers may be beneficial in terms of overall reduction in heat transfer coefficients over the tip surface.
Side‐chain modified bile acids: chromatographic separation of 23‐methyl epimers (2009)

Owing to the re-flourished interest towards the bile acids (BAs) as versatile signalling hormones endowed with diverse endocrine functions, the development of reliable analytical protocols monitoring the synthesis of new BA-based receptor modulators, still represents a cogent concern. On this basis, for the first time, a HPLC study has been engaged with the aim to set up suitable chromatographic conditions for the analysis of three different epimeric couples of 23-methyl-substituted unconjugated BAs. Three different methods (one for each couple) have been successfully established and then validated. Good precision and accuracy (evaluated both in the short and long period) as well as appreciably low LOD and LOQ values have turned out. Moreover, the engagement of an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) has proven its high effectiveness for the analysis of such steroidal species.
Ordering phenomena of spin trimers accompanied by a large geometrical Hall effect (2019)

Noncoplanar spin trimers are the basic units that define nonzero scalar spin chirality. They are the key ingredients to achieve the chirality-induced geometrical Hall effect. Here, through neutron diffraction, the authors reveal the emergence of noncoplanar Dy${}^{3+}$ spin-trimer units in metallic Dy${}_{3}$Ru${}_{4}$Al${}_{12}$. With a magnetic field, they can control the local spin chirality of the spin trimers as well as its ferroic/antiferroic order. In phases with nonzero total scalar spin chirality, a large geometrical Hall effect is observed. The study reveals that systems composed of tunable spin trimers can be a fertile field for the exploration of a large emergent electromagnetic response, arising from real-space topological magnetic order.
Tuning the Electrocatalytic Activity of Perovskites through Active Site Variation and Support Interactions (2014)

We present a series of perovskite electrocatalysts that are highly active for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte. Lanthanum-based perovskites containing different transition metal active sites (LaBO3, B = Ni, Ni0.75Fe0.25, Co, Mn) are synthesized by a general colloidal method, yielding phase pure catalysts of homogeneous morphology and surface area (8–14 m2/g). Each perovskite’s ability to catalyze the OER and ORR is examined using thin film rotating disk electrochemistry (RDE). LaCoO3 supported on nitrogen-doped carbon is shown to be ∼3 times more active for the OER than high-surface-area IrO2. Furthermore, LaCoO3 is demonstrated to be highly bifunctional by having a lower total overpotential between the OER and ORR (ΔE = 1.00 V) than Pt (ΔE = 1.16) and Ru (ΔE = 1.01). The OER and ORR pathways are perturbed by the introduction of peroxide disproportionation functionality via support interactions and selective doping of the catalyst. LaNi0.75Fe0.25O3’s ability to disproportionate peroxide is hypothesized to be responsible for the ∼50% improvement over LaNiO3 in catalytic activity toward the ORR, despite similar electronic structure. These results allow us to examine the pathways for OER and ORR in context of support interactions, transition metal redox processes, and catalytic bifunctionality.
Improved Large-Scale Synthesis of(R)-Benzyl 4-Hydroxyl-2-pentynoate from (R)-3-Butyn-2-ol (2002)

A reliable one-pot process for the title compound has been developed for large-scale productions. The effect of reaction conditions such as temperature, order of addition, and amount of the lithiation reagent has been extensively investigated, giving rise to an optimal process with highest attainable yield.
Transmission de la Peste Porcine Africaine : étude de la compétence vectorielle des tiques molles du genre Ornithodoros en Europe (2019)

La Peste Porcine Africaine (PPA) est une maladie historiquement presente en Afrique, mais a ete re-introduite en 2007 en Europe par la Georgie. Depuis, la PPA s'est propagee en Russie et en Europe de l'Est mais a egalement atteint en 2018 la Belgique et la Chine. La PPA est une maladie virale infectieuse causee par le virus de la peste porcine africaine qui provoque une forte letalite, pouvant atteindre 100% pour les souches hautement virulentes, et contre laquelle ni vaccin ni traitement therapeutique existe. Le virus de la PPA infecte uniquement les suides et les tiques molles du genre Ornithodoros. Une des voies connues de transmission aux porcs est la piqure de tique infectee. Le role des tiques du genre Ornithodoros dans la vectorisation et le maintien de la PPA en Afrique a ete demontre, cependant leur role en Europe reste encore a determiner. Dans notre etude, 3 especes du genre Ornithodoros ont ete selectionnees pour des experiences de transmission : O. moubata (vecteur connu en Afrique), O. erraticus (presente au Portugal) et O. verrucosus (presente en Ukraine). Les 4 souches virales hautement pathogenes etudiees proviennent d'Afrique (Liv13/33), d'Europe de l'Est (Georgia2007/1), du Portugal (OurT88/1) et d'Ukraine (Ukr12/Zapo). Differentes associations tique-virus ont ete testees : O. moubata-Liv13/33 (OmL), O. moubata-Georgia2007/1 (OmG), O. erraticus-OurT88/1 (OeO), O. erraticus-Georgia2007/1 (OeG) et O. verrucosus-Zapo (OvZ). Les tiques ont etes infectees sur porc viremique via un repas sanguin puis 2 a 8 mois apres infection des tiques, des essais de transmission sur porc ont ete realises. Pour la premiere fois, la competence vectorielle des tiques O. moubata pour les souches virales Liv13/33 et Georgia2007/1 a pu etre demontree experimentalement. Pour les autres couples n'ayant pas transmis le virus, une injection de broyat de ces tiques a induit la PPA chez les porcs, confirmant ainsi qu'elles etaient infectees et que le virus etait bien infectieux. Pour comprendre pourquoi certains couples transmettent et d'autres pas, des titrages viraux a partir des tiques ont ete realises montrant que certaines souches virales sont plus aptes a se multiplier ou a se maintenir chez certaines especes de tiques. En complement, des localisations virales ont ete realisees chez les tiques, ce qui a permis de montrer des differences de localisations entre certains couples tique-virus, notamment entre OmG et OeG. Enfin, la capacite des tiques a transmettre le virus a leur descendance et ainsi a construire une colonie de tiques infectees a egalement ete etudiee. Ces resultats montrent que la vectorisation du virus de la PPA semble dependre de plusieurs facteurs, tant de l'espece de la tique que de la souche virale, ce qui renforcent l'importance de l'etude des mecanismes sous-jacents de la competence vectorielle des tiques molles pour la PPA.
Detection of Circulating ADAMTS13 Immune Complexes by Antibody Class-Specific ELISA (2011)

Abstract Abstract 4361 A severe functional deficiency of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) cleaving protease ADAMTS13 results in the accumulation of uncleaved, highly adhesive VWF multimers in plasma leading to increased platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in the microcirculation. Anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies that either neutralize ADAMT13’s activity or enhance protein clearance are the major cause of severe ADAMTS13 deficiency in acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Circulating anti-ADAMTS13 immune complexes that may play a role in disease pathogenesis have been described in plasma of TTP patients. We have developed a new ELISA assay to specifically determine the levels of ADAMTS13-specific circulating immune complexes (CIC) in which the antigen portion is immobilized by a polyclonal anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and the immunoglobulin component detected by a class-specific antibody. An inverse correlation between levels of circulating anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies and ADAMTS13-specific CIC has been observed in plasma of acquired TTP patients. The correlation between free anti-ADAMTS13 titer and the level of CIC and insight into the immunoglobulin (sub) classes involved may provide valuable prognostic information about disease severity and progression, and aid patient treatment monitoring. Disclosures: Plaimauer: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ferrari:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Gruber:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Rottensteiner:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Turecek:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Scheiflinger:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment.
Real-time, sensitive electrical detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts based on chemical vapor deposition-grown graphene (2014)

Cryptosporidium parvum is a common intestinal parasitic protozoan that causes gastroenteritis in man and animals. It poses high risks to drinking water supply because of its ubiquitous distribution in water and their oocysts are resistant to harsh environment conditions. In this work, we demonstrated the use of large-size chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene films configured as field-effect device for rapid electrical detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts (Cp. oocysts). The presence of Cp. oocysts causes the change in the transport characteristics of the antibody-functionalized graphene device, which can be measured in terms of the dependence of the drain current on the sweep of the gate voltage or the real-time drain current data under a constant gate voltage. The high sensor sensitivity of 25 oocysts per milliliter solution and good specificity were evaluated, indicating it a promising candidate for detecting waterborne pathogens in water quality control.
Mean field theory-based calculation of FLC polarization (2002)

Abstract Mean field theory and Monte Carlo sampling are applied to the calculation of the spontaneous polarization density of ferroelectric liquid crystals by the ensemble averaging of single molecules confined in mean field potentials reflecting the SmC environment. Molecules are modelled with atomistic detail, using intramolecular interaction potentials derived from ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. This technique is applied to thirteen members of a family of novel fluoro ether-based compounds. Comparison with experiment shows that the observed variation of polarization density with chemical structure is well reproduced in most cases, but that the observed temperature dependence of polarization density is not captured by our model. The features of molecular organization responsible for the discrepancies between theory and experiment are discussed.