gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper-64-labeled Sar-conjugated GRP receptor antagonists as new PET tracers for imaging of prostate cancer (2014)

1082 Objectives The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr) appears to be one of the most important molecular targets for the visualization of prostate cancer and is currently being targeted with radiolabeled bombesin derivatives. The present study aims at developing statine-based bombesin receptor antagonists suitable for labeling with 64Cu for PET imaging. Methods The potent GRPr antagonist D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2, was conjugated to the sarcophagine (3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6] icosane=Sar) derivative MeCOSar via PEG4 (LE1) and PEG2 (LE2) spacers and radiolabeled with 64Cu. IC(50) values were determined using 125I-Tyr4-BN as radioligand. Antagonist potency was determined by Ca2+-flux studies. In vivo-studies were performed in PC-3 tumor-bearing nude mice. Results Both conjugates exhibited high affinity to GRPr ( natCu-LE1: 1.4±0.1 nM and natCu-LE2: 3.8±0.6 nM). Ca2+-flux measurements confirmed their antagonist properties. The peptides were stably radiolabeled with 64Cu, with labelling yields >95% and specific activities of about 100 MBq/nmol. Biodistribution revealed specific targeting of the tumor and GRPr-positive organs, Cu-64-LE1 exhibiting the highest tumor uptake of 19.6 ± 4.7 % IA/g at 1 h p.i.. Biodistribution at later time points showed increasing tumor-to-background ratios with time. This was illustrated by the acquisition of PET images at 4 and 24 h p.i. showing high tumor-to-normal tissue contrast. Conclusions This study demonstrates the high affinity of the MeCOSar-PEGx-bombesin conjugates to GRPr. The stable encapsulation of 64Cu by MeCOSar, the long half-life of 64Cu and the suitable biodistribution profile of the 64Cu-labeled peptides lead to PET images of high contrast and to a potential translation into the clinic. Research Support This work was supported by the German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK).
A Humanized Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Antibody, BIW-8962, Exhibits ADCC/CDC Activity against Multiple Myeloma Cells and Potent Anti- Tumor Activity in Mouse Xenograft Models. (2008)

Abstract BIW-8962 is a humanized anti-ganglioside GM2 (GM2) monoclonal antibody, produced by Poteligent technology to enhance ADCC activity. GM2 is expressed on many cancer cells including multiple myeloma (MM), small cell lung cancer and glioma cells. In this study, we evaluated the anti-myeloma activity of BIW-8962 in preclinical myeloma models both in vitro and in vivo. Expression of GM2 was analyzed in 15 human MM cell lines by FCM. Eleven out of 15 MM cell lines had positive surface expression of GM2. GM2 as a potential target was then verified in primary MM samples obtained from patients. Eleven out of 15 samples were positive for GM2. We then used two GM2 positive MM cell lines (U266B1 and KMS-11) and evaluated ADCC and CDC activity of BIW-8962 in vitro. BIW-8962 exhibited a potent ADCC and less potent CDC activity. In vivo anti-tumor activity of BIW-8962 was then examined using the standard subcutaneous xenograft model; KMS-11 was inoculated in the flank of SCID mice. BIW-8962 (intravenously administered biweekly for 3 weeks) exhibited a potent anti-tumor activity from as low a dose level as 0.1 mg/kg. Furthermore, in a more clinically relevant model, in which OPM-2/GFP (GM2 positive MM cell line) cells were intravenously inoculated into SCID mice with preferentially tumor growth within the bone marrow microenvironment, BIW-8962 (intravenously administered biweekly for 4 weeks, 10 mg/kg) suppressed OPM-2/GFP cell growth and serum M protein elevation, demonstrating in vivo anti-myeloma effect of BIW-8962. Our preclinical investigations rationalize clinical evaluation of BIW-8962 in patients with MM. Currently BIW-8962 is being investigated in a Phase 1 study in patients with multiple myeloma.
Functional volumes modeling: Theory and preliminary assessment (1997)

A construct for metanalytic modeling of the functional organization of the human brain, termed functional volumes modeling (FVM), is presented and preliminarily tested. FVM uses the published literature to model brain functional areas as spatial probability distributions. The FVM statistical model estimates population variance (i.e., among individuals) from the variance observed among group-mean studies, these being the most prevalent type of study in the functional imaging literature. The FVM modeling strategy is tested by: (1) constructing an FVM of the mouth region of primary motor cortex using published, group-mean, functional imaging reports as input, and (2) comparing the confidence bounds predicted by that FVM with those observed in 10 normal subjects performing overt-speech tasks. The FVM model correctly predicted the mean location and spatial distribution of per-subject functional responses. FVM has a wide range of applications, including hypothesis testing for statistical parametric images.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimsyl Anion Mediated Tandem Fragmentation Cyclization Reactions of Alkenoyl Ketenedithioacetals: A Facile Synthesis of Substituted 2,3‐Dihydro‐4H‐thiopyran‐4‐ones. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Flat focusing lens designs having minimized reflection based on coordinate transformation techniques (2009)

Two-dimensional far-zone focusing lenses are designed using the coordinate transformation approach that feature minimized reflections from the lens boundaries. A flat lens of trapezoidal cross section completely converts incident waves with cylindrical wavefronts into transmitted waves with planar wavefronts. A rectangular lens with reduced non-magnetic material parameters that incorporates a nonlinear coordinate transformation features a significantly reduced amount of reflections compared with the non-magnetic lens based on a linear transformation. The improved reflection performance of each new lens design is verified using a full-wave finite-element analysis and compared with previously reported transformation optical lenses.
A diastereoselective synthesis of Cebranopadol, a novel analgesic showing NOP/mu mixed agonism (2017)

A diastereoselective synthesis of the title compound as a single E diastereomer has been efficiently accomplished by assembling the featured pyrano-indole scaffold of the spiro[cyclohexane-dihydropyrano[3,4-b]-indole]-amine framework through an oxa-Pictet-Spengler reaction, promoted by a cheap and green Zeolite catalyst. Basic pharmacological experiments demonstrate that Cebranopadol acts as a mixed nociception/orphanin FQ (NOP) and mu (MOP) opioid receptor agonist useful for treatment of chronic pain.
Urinary Nerve Growth Factor Levels in Urinary Tract Diseases With or Without Frequency Urgency Symptoms (2010)

Urinary NGF is not produced solely in patients with OAB or IC/PBS. Acute bacterial cystitis, urinary tract stones and urothelial cell carcinoma can have high urinary NGF production.
DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR Interact with the Glycoprotein of Marburg Virus and the S Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (2004)

The lectins DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR can augment viral infection; however, the range of pathogens interacting with these attachment factors is incompletely defined. Here we show that DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR enhance infection mediated by the glycoprotein (GP) of Marburg virus (MARV) and the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and might promote viral dissemination. SIGNR1, a murine DC-SIGN homologue, also enhanced infection driven by MARV and Ebola virus GP and could be targeted to assess the role of attachment factors in filovirus infection in vivo.
With Extreme Computing, the Rules Have Changed (2017)

On the eve of exascale computing, traditional wisdom no longer applies. High-performance computing is gone as we know it. This article discusses a range of new algorithmic techniques emerging in the context of exascale computing, many of which defy the common wisdom of high-performance computing and are considered unorthodox, but could turn out to be a necessity in near future.
Final results of RENO study: Randomized phase II of oral vinorelbine or etoposide with cisplatin and chemo-radiation in stage III NSCLC. SLCG 10/02. (2018)

e20521 Background: This study aims to compare efficacy and safety of two widely used combinations of cisplatin (P) in this setting: as etoposide (E) and vinorelbine. This last, in its oral formulation (oV) which has achieved comparable results as the IV formulation and patients (pts) prefer it. Methods: Pts between 18-75years, with histologically proven untreated and unresectable locally-advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC), adequate respiratory function, V20≤35% and ECOG-PS 0-1, were randomized 1:1 to oV-P arm: 2 induction cycles (cy) of oV-P followed by 2 cy more with RT; or to E-P arm: 2 cy of E-P concomitants to RT. Both arms with a total radiation dose of 66Gy administered 2 Gys daily. Primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS) by RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints: overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS) and safety. With α-error of 0.05 (one-tailed test) and 0.1 β-error, median PFS unacceptable for the oV-P arm of 10 months (m) (p0) and a very acceptable of 15 m (p1), 122 eligible pts were required. Results: 140 pts from 23 institutions of SLCG were randomized between 08/2011-12/2014. 134 pts were treated (66 in oV-P and 68 in E-P arms). Results based on this 134 pts are presented. Median age 62 years [39-76]; PS 0/1, 45%/55%; current smoker 51%; squamous cell 51%; stage IIIB 54%. 244 and 131 cy were given in the oV-P and E-P arms, respectively. All irradiated pts in oV-P arm received at least 60Gy, 7 pts in the E-P arm received less than 60Gy (4 due to toxicity). 1 pt (1.5%) in oV-P arm and 12 pts (17.6%) in E-P arm presented esophagitis G3/4 (p = 0.002). ORR were 39 (61.9%) and 41 pts (65.1%) in the oV-P and E-P arms, respectively (p = 0.711). After 26.3 m [0.03-61] of follow-up, 77.9% pts progressed and 58.6% pts died. Median PFS was 10.8 m (CI95%; 7.5-14) in oV-P arm and 9.1 m (CI95%; 5.5-12.7) in E-P arm (p = 0.389). Median OS was 38 m (CI95%; 21.3-58.8) in oV-P and 27.1 m (CI95%; 19.3-34.9) in E-P arm (p = 0.547). Conclusions: Clearly both regimens achieve similar efficacy however oV-P has less toxicity, especially esophagitis G3/4. Clinical trial information: 2010-022927-31.
Towards heterogeneous integration of optical isolators and circulators with lasers on silicon [Invited] (2018)

Optical isolators and circulators are extremely valuable components to have in photonic integrated circuits, but their integration with lasers poses significant design and fabrication challenges. These challenges largely stem from the incompatibility of magneto-optic material with the silicon or III-V platforms commonly used today for photonic integration. Heterogeneous integration using wafer bonding can overcome many of these challenges, and provides a promising path towards integrating isolators with lasers on the same silicon chip. An optical isolator operating for TE mode with 25 dB of isolation, 6.5 dB of insertion loss, and tunability over 40nm is demonstrated and a path towards integrating this isolator with the heterogeneous silicon/III-V laser is described.
Radio frequency immunity testing of hearing aids (2013)

For many Equipment Under Test (EUT), such as the hearing aids examined in this study, the desired RF immunity measurement result is that which would be measured in the most sensitive EUT orientation relative to an applied RF field. This is generally approximated from measurements at a number of predetermined orientations within a GTEM cell. This paper presents new 6 and 12-orientation "maximal sum" methods of small EUT immunity measurement, which may be considered extensions to present sorted three-input vector summation techniques. Experimental results for the new methods approached the established reference goal more consistently than did other approaches examined employing a comparable number of contributing measurements.
Acquisition and reconstruction of Raman and fluorescence signals for rat leg imaging (2011)

Recovery of Raman or Fluorescence signatures from within thin tissues benefits from model-based estimation of where the signal came from, especially if the signal passes through layers in which the absorption or scattering signatures distort the signal. Estimation of the signal strength requires appropriate normalization or model-based recovery, but the key to achieving good results is a good model of light transport. While diffusion models are routinely used for optical tomography of tissue, there's some thought that more precise radiation transport modeling is required for accurate estimation. However, diffusion is often used for small animal imaging, because it's a practical approach, which doesn't require knowledge of the scatter phase function at each point in the tissue. The question asked in this study is, whether experimentally acquired data in small volumes such as a rodent leg can be accurately modeled and reconstructed using diffusion theory. This study uses leg geometries extracted from animal CT scans and liquid phantoms to study the diffusion approximations. The preliminary results show that under certain conditions the collected data follows the expected trend.
Verifiable identifiers in middleware security (2005)

This paper discusses the difficulties of describing an appropriate notion of the security attributes "caller" and "target" in object-oriented middleware systems such as CORBA. Middleware security needs such security attributes in order to be able to express middleware layer security policies. Our analysis points out that, whilst there is no information available on the ORB layer to describe the caller and target, it is possible in practice to use descriptors from other layers. In CORBA security, the mechanism-specific identifiers on the caller side and the information from the object reference on the target side turn out to be most appropriate and trustworthy for describing caller and target application objects at the right granularity. As a proof of concept we mention our MICOSec CORBA security implementation which demonstrates the feasibility of our approach. Our paper shows that it is unrealistic to expect a security service layer to be able to abstract fully from the underlying security mechanisms without implications on granularity and semantic mismatches.
Application of concave/Schur-concave functions to the learning of overcomplete dictionaries and sparse representations (2002)

Given a very overcomplete m/spl times/n dictionary of representation vectors a/sub i/, A=[a/sub 1/,...,a/sub n/], n/spl Gt/m, an environmentally generated signal, y, can be succinctly represented within the dictionary by obtaining a sparse solution, x, to the linear inverse problem Ax/spl ap/y using various previously proposed methodologies. In particular, sparse solutions can be found by an appropriately regularized minimization of the error e=y-Ax. In this paper we briefly discuss our investigations into the use of concave/Schur-concave functions as regularizing sparsity measures, and their application to the problem of obtaining sparse representations, x, of environmentally generated signals y, and the problem of learning environmentally adapted overcomplete dictionaries.
InGaAs/GaAs Multi-Quantum Well Nano-Ridge Waveguide Photodetector Epitaxially Grown on a 300-mm Si Wafer (2020)

We demonstrate p-i-n InGaAs/GaAs quantum well nano-ridge waveguide photodetectors epitaxially grown and fully processed on a 300mm Si wafer. The devices exhibit low dark currents of 10pA, current density of 1. 43 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , at -1V bias and internal responsivities of 0.48A/W at 1020nm wavelength.
On-board the satellite interference detection with imperfect signal cancellation (2016)

Interference issues have been identified as a threat for satellite communication systems and services, resulting in throughput degradation and revenue loss to the satellite operators. In this context, an on-board spectrum monitoring unit (SMU) can be used to detect interference reliably. Current satellite SMUs are deployed on the ground and the introduction of an in-orbit SMU can bring several benefits, e.g. simplifying the ground based station in multibeam systems. This paper proposes a two-step algorithm for on-board interference detection, exploiting the frame structure of DVB-S2X standard, which employs pilot symbols for data transmission. Assuming that the pilot signal is known at the receiver, it can be removed from the total received signal. Then, an Energy Detection (ED) technique can be applied on the remaining signal in order to decide the presence or absence of interference. The simulation results show that the proposed technique outperforms the conventional ED in low interference-to-signal and noise ratios (ISNRs).
Spin‐Crossover Physical Gels: A Quick Thermoreversible Response Assisted by Dynamic Self‐Organization (2006)

Iron(II) triazolate coordination polymers with lipophilic sulfonate counterions with alkyl chains of different lengths have been synthesized. In hydrocarbon solvents, these polymers formed a physical gel and showed a thermoreversible spin transition upon the sol-gel phase transition. The formation of a hydrogen-bonding network between the triazolate moieties and sulfonate ions, bridged by water molecules, was found to play an important role in the spin-crossover event. The spin-transition temperature was tuned over a wide range by adding a small amount of 1-octanol, a scavenger for hydrogen-bonding interactions. This additive was essential for the iron(II) species to adopt a low-spin state. Compared with nongelling references in aromatic solvents, the spin-crossover physical gels are characterized by their quick thermal response, which is due to a rapid restoration of the hydrogen-bonding network, possibly because of a dynamic structural ordering through an enhanced lipophilic interaction of the self-assembling components in hydrocarbon solvents.
Energy-efficient 1.3 &#x03BC;m short-cavity VCSELs for 30 Gb/s error-free optical links (2012)

We present the first error-free data-transmission at 30 Gb/s over up to 10 km of fiber using energy-efficient 1.3 μm short-cavity VCSELs with low threshold current of 500 μA and high conversion efficiencies up to 30%. A record-low energy-to-data-distance ratio of 27 fJ/(bit·km) is achieved for such a VCSEL-link.
Ferroelectric Memories (1989)

In the past year it has become possible to fabricate ferroelectric thin-film memories onto standard silicon integrated circuits that combine very high speed (30-nanosecond read/erase/rewrite operation), 5-volt standard silicon logic levels, very high density (2 by 2 micrometer cell size), complete nonvolatility (no standby power required), and extreme radiation hardness. These ferroelectric random-access memories are expected to replace magnetic core memory, magnetic bubble memory systems, and electrically erasable read-only memory for many applications. The switching kinetics of these films, 100 to 300 nanometers thick, are now well understood, with switching times that fit an activation field dependence that scales applied field and temperature. Earlier problems of fatigue and retention failure are also now understood and have been improved to acceptable levels.
Real-time random grating sensor array for quasi-distributed sensing based on wavelength-to-time mapping and time-division multiplexing (2019)

A real-time random grating sensor array for quasi-distributed sensing based on spectral-shaping and wavelength-to-time (SS-WTT) mapping and time-division multiplexing is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor array consists of multiple random gratings written in a single-mode fiber (SMF) at different physical locations. When the temperature or strain applied to a particular random grating is changed, the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the random grating will change, which is converted to the time domain as a time shift based on SS-WTT using a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. After detection at a photodetector, an electrical waveform with the time shift information encoded in the random waveform is obtained, which is further compressed by correlation to increase the time resolution. As a demonstration, a real-time quasi-distributed sensing system based on a two-random-grating array is implemented. The results show that the sensing resolutions for temperature and strain are 0.23°C and 2.5 μϵ, respectively, and the accuracies for temperature and strain are 0.11°C and 1.2 μϵ, respectively. Compared with a conventional quasi-distributed sensor, our proposed sensing system has key advantages, including real-time sensing, high-resolution interrogation, and large scalability.
Tetra-Antimony(III)-Bridged 18-Tungsto-2-Arsenates(V), [(LSbIII)4(A-α-AsVW9O34)2]10– (L = Ph, OH): Turning Bioactivity On and Off by Ligand Substitution (2016)

Two tetra-antimony(III)-bridged, sandwich-type 18-tungsto-2-arsenates(V), [(LSb(III))4(A-α-As(V)W9O34)2](10-) (L = Ph (1), OH (2)), were prepared and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution. Both polyanions are stable in aqueous physiological medium for at least 24 h (at concentrations ≥2.5 × 10(-6) M). Despite the presence of an isostructural tetra-antimony(III) motif in 1 and 2, distinctly different antibacterial activity was observed for both polyanions. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1 (7.8-62.5 μg/mL) is lower than for any other organoantimony(III)-containing polyoxometalate reported to date.
Study of Water-splitting on Carbothermally Reduced W&uuml;stite for Solar/Chemical Energy Conversion (1998)

The possibility of the incorporation of solar energy by solar thermochemical water-splitting with wüstite, which is the 2nd step H2 production in Fe3O4/coal redox process for solar/fossil energy mixing, was studied kinetically. The reaction formed efficiently molecular hydrogen and cation-excess magnetite. The reaction rate was greatly dependent on reaction temperature and H2O steam flow rate. The H2 volume generated by the reaction gave the maximum value (76 % of theoretical value) at 873K.
Abstract 5536: Mechanisms Underlying Coronary Vasopsasm at Distal Arterial Segments of Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation in a Porcine Model (2008)

The use of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) presents serious safety concerns including increased late stent thrombosis and coronary vasospasm that may cause coronary adverse events. Hence we assessed ...
PENILE ADHESIONS AFTER NEONATAL CIRCUMCISION (2000)

Penile adhesions develop after circumcision and the incidence decreases with patient age. Although there is debate on whether to lyse these adhesions manually, our findings suggest that adhesions resolve without treatment. Based on our results we do not recommend lysing penile adhesions, except perhaps those involving the circumcision line.
Multiprobe Transport Experiments on Individual Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (1998)

Deposition of individual single-wall carbon nanotubes over multiple (up to seven) Pt nanoelectrodes is realized. Two-probe and four-probe transport measurements between adjacent pairs of electrodes show similar but not identical single-electron Coulomb charging signatures at low temperatures. The observations indicate that nanotubes can behave as a chain of quantum wires connected in series. We argue that the local barriers separating these islands may be caused by bending of the tube near the edges of electrodes.