gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dash in ATSC 3.0: bridging the gap between OTT and broadcast (2016)

ATSC 3.0 is the next-generation broadcast television suite of around 20 standards including transmission, audio, video, captioning, metadata, watermarking, companion devices, security, and personalization. Among others, ATSC 3.0 uses MPEG DASH delivery format for broadcast and broadband delivery of media and data. In order to fulfil the use cases and requirements of ATSC 3.0 including broadcast-only, broadband and hybrid (broadcast/ broadband) delivery, as well as a multitude of new features, DASH-IF developed a DASH interoperability profile specifically designed for ATSC 3.0 standard. This profile supports broadcast and broadband delivery, codec signalling (audio, video, subtitle), interactivity &amp; events, metadata, targeted &amp; personalized ad insertion, and advanced security &amp; content protection schemes. By the choice of DASH formats and HTML-5 based applications, ATSC 3.0 services are expected to be consumable not only on vertically integrated devices such as TV sets, but also on other types of devices such as PCs, tablets, game consoles and mobile phones. This paper will introduce the rationales, benefits and opportunities of such an approach and provide an overview of the ATSC 3.0 DASH profile.
Performance of serial time-encoded amplified microscopy (2010)

Serial time-encoded amplified microscopy (STEAM) is a new high-sensitivity ultrafast real-time imaging modality. Here we describe an analysis of its spatial resolution, frame rate, and detection sensitivity.
High-Throughput FPGA-based QC-LDPC Decoder Architecture (2015)

We present an efficient and scalable high-throughput FPGA-based architecture for the Min-Sum Algorithm (MSA) based decoder for Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes. We present a compact representation of the parity-check matrix (PCM) which allows for a significant improvement in throughput (3x in our case study) compared to conventional methods. In spite of the compact representation, layer-pipelined processing is performed with minimum overhead by partitioning the parity-check matrix into superlayers and by staggered processing of blocks within each superlayer. As a case study, a MSA based decoder for the rate-1/2, 1944-bit, irregular QC-LDPC code specified in the IEEE 802.11n (2012) standard is implemented on the Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA with the help of the FPGA IP compiler available in the National Instruments LabVIEW Communication System Design Suite (CSDS). This compiler offers an automated and systematic compilation flow which generates an optimized hardware implementation from the LDPC algorithm in approximately 3 minutes. The decoder achieves an overall throughput of 608Mb/s at an operating frequency of 200MHz. As per our knowledge this is the fastest implementation of an IEEE 802.11n compliant QC-LDPC decoder using an algorithmic compiler.
Cost estimation techniques for database systems (2002)

This dissertation is about developing advanced selectivity and cost estimation techniques for query optimization in database systems. It addresses the following three issues related to cur-rent trends in database research: estimating the cost of spatial selections, building histograms without looking at data, and estimating the selectivity of XML path expressions. The first part of this dissertation deals with estimating the cost of spatial selections, or window queries, where the query windows and the data objects are general polygons. Previously proposed cost estimation techniques only handle rectangular query windows over rectangular data objects, thus ignoring the significant cost of exact geometry comparison (the refinement step in a “filter and refine” query processing strategy). The cost of the exact geometry comparison depends on the selectivity of the filtering step and the average number of vertices in the candidate objects identified by this step. We develop a cost model for spatial selections that takes these parameters into account. We also introduce a new type of histogram for spatial data that captures the size, location, and number of vertices of the spatial objects. Capturing these attributes makes this type of histogram useful for accurate cost estimation using our cost model,
Vertical Integration of Biometrics Across the Curriculum: Case Study of Speaker, Face and Iris Recognition (2014)

Vertical integration is a powerful curricular tool that allows students to better appreciate the interconnections among the concepts acquired and learned in different courses. It can be used to bring a modern topic at all levels of the undergraduate curriculum with little additional resources. This paper gives a brief survey of various vertical integration efforts and describes one effort at integrating biometrics throughout the curriculum. The focus is on three senior level projects (speaker, face and iris recognition) that not only rely on vertical integration but also reinforce design, software skills and knowledge of STEM concepts. The freshman through junior levels are also described. The assessment results show that students acquire specific learning outcomes and perceive the value of vertical integration.
Partial Program Admission by Path Enumeration (2008)

Real-time systems on non-preemptive platforms require a means of bounding the execution time of programs for admission purposes. Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) is most commonly used to bound program execution time. While bounding a program's WCET statically is possible, computing its true WCET is difficult without significant semantic knowledge. We present an algorithm for partial program admission, suited for non-preemptive platforms, using dynamic programming to perform explicit enumeration of program paths. Paths - possible or not - are bounded by the available execution time and admitted on a path-by-path basis without requiring semantic knowledge of the program beyond its Control Flow Graph (CFG).
Existence of isostatic, maximally random jammed monodisperse hard-disk packings (2014)

We generate jammed packings of monodisperse circular hard-disks in two dimensions using the Torquato-Jiao sequential linear programming algorithm. The packings display a wide diversity of packing fractions, average coordination numbers, and order as measured by standard scalar order metrics. This geometric-structure approach enables us to show the existence of relatively large maximally random jammed (MRJ) packings with exactly isostatic jammed backbones and a packing fraction (including rattlers) of [Formula: see text]. By contrast, the concept of random close packing (RCP) that identifies the most probable packings as the most disordered misleadingly identifies highly ordered disk packings as RCP in 2D. Fundamental structural descriptors such as the pair correlation function, structure factor, and Voronoi statistics show a strong contrast between the MRJ state and the typical hyperstatic, polycrystalline packings with [Formula: see text] that are more commonly obtained using standard packing protocols. Establishing that the MRJ state for monodisperse hard disks is isostatic and qualitatively distinct from commonly observed polycrystalline packings contradicts conventional wisdom that such a disordered, isostatic packing does not exist due to a lack of geometrical frustration and sheds light on the nature of disorder. This prompts the question of whether an algorithm may be designed that is strongly biased toward generating the monodisperse disk MRJ state.
FIDO - facilitating interactions for dogs with occupations (2013)

Working dogs have improved the lives of thousands of people. However, communication between human and canine partners is currently limited. The main goal of the FIDO project is to research fundamental aspects of wearable technologies to support communication between working dogs and their handlers. In this pilot study, the FIDO team investigated on-body interfaces for assistance dogs in the form of wearable technology integrated into assistance dog vests. We created four different sensors that dogs could activate (based on biting, tugging, and nose gestures) and tested them on-body with three assistance-trained dogs. We were able to demonstrate that it is possible to create wearable sensors that dogs can reliably activate on command.
Broadband Extinction of Core-Shell Microspheres (2012)

Broad-band, mass-normalized extinction cross-sections up to 1m(2)/g are demonstrated using chemically modified gold fractal nanostructures grown on silica microparticles.
Bandwidth-Constrained MAP Estimation for Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

We deal with distributed parameter estimation algorithms for use in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with a fusion center when only quantized observations are available due to power/bandwidth constraints. The main goal of the paper is to design efficient estimators when the parameter can be modelled as random with a priori information. In particular, we develop maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimators for distributed parameter estimation and formulate the problem under different scenarios. We show that the pertinent objective function is concave and hence, the corresponding MAP estimator can be obtained efficiently through simple numerical maximization algorithms
The Alkylphospholipid Perifosine Induces Apoptosis and p21-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest in Medulloblastoma (2009)

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant cancer of the central nervous system in children. AKT kinases are part of a survival pathway that has been found to be significantly elevated in medulloblastoma. This pathway is a point of convergence for many growth factors and controls cellular processes that are critical for tumor cell survival and proliferation. The alkyl-phospholipid perifosine [octadecyl-(1,1-dimethyl-4-piperidylio) phosphate] is a small molecule inhibitor in clinical trials in peripheral cancers which acts as a competitive inhibitor of AKT kinases. Medulloblastoma cell cultures were used to study the effects of perifosine response in preclinical studies in vitro. Perifosine treatment led to the rapid induction of cell death in medulloblastoma cell lines, with pronounced suppression of phosphorylated AKT in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. LD(50) concentrations were established using viability assays for perifosine, cisplatin, and etoposide. LD(50) treatment of medulloblastoma cells with perifosine led to the cleavage of caspase 9, caspase 7, caspase 3, and poly-ADP ribosylation protein, although caspase 8 was not detectable. Combination single-dose treatment regimens of perifosine with sublethal doses of etoposide or irradiation showed a greater than additive effect in medulloblastoma cells. Lower perifosine concentrations induced cell cycle arrest at the G(1) and G(2) cell cycle checkpoints, accompanied by increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(cip1/waf1). Treatment with p21 small interfering RNA prevented perifosine-induced cell cycle arrest. These findings indicate that perifosine, either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs, might be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of medulloblastoma.
IL-18-elicited regulatory NK cells with immunoablative functions (40.22) (2009)

Abstract Cancer-induced tolerance involves multiple immunosuppressive pathways, which subvert adaptive immune responses. Extensive phenotypic characterization of NK cells from tumor-bearing mice led us to the observation of a consistent expansion of c-kit(CD117)-expressing NK cells (Kit+NK) compromising the NK cell arm of tumor immunosurveillance. Purified Kit+NK cells failed to produce IFNγ in response to IL-2 and could not promote DC maturation. Adoptive transfer of Kit+NK cells into tumor-bearing mice promoted tumor progression. Micro array comparison of CD3-NK1.1+Kit+ and CD3-NK1.1+Kit- cells revealed that genes involved in tolerance (B7-H1, CTLA4, Lag3, Hmox1) or bone marrow homeostasis (Cxcl2, CD81, CD63, Csf2) were markedly up-regulated in Kit+NK. B7-H1 appeared particularly intriguing as we found that Kit+NK killed Kit-NK cells in a B7-H1/PD-1-dependent manner. Moreover, IL-18 produced by B16F10 tumors converts Kit- into Kit+NK cells endowed with immunoablative functions in lymph nodes. Upon tumor inoculation, Kit+NK, which upregulate B7-H1, accumulate in lymphoid organs in an IL-18R/MyD88-dependent manner and directly kill conventional NK cells, thereby promoting the progression of NK-controlled cancers. In summary, these data suggest that IL-18 promotes the expansion of Kit+NK cells endowed with immunosuppressive functions that could act as negative regulator of general NK responses.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy. (1993)

Since the first clinical operation in June 1990 laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign renal disease has become widely accepted. Although the laparoscopic operation takes much longer than open surgery, there are considerable reductions in the length of postoperative hospital stay and the time taken to return to normal activities and to full recovery. Major complications were relatively common in early operations, but with more experience morbidity has been reduced. Laparoscopic nephrectomy for malignant renal disease is still controversial, largely because of the fear of release of malignant tissue into the abdominal cavity during the morcellation and retrieval of the diseased kidney. To prevent this, the kidney is removed intact through a 5-7 cm incision. Long term follow up is needed, however, before we will know whether the laparoscopic procedure is effective in preventing recurrence of cancer. New developments have improved various technical aspects of the operation, but stringent assessment of new techniques is necessary so that the medical community can decide which procedures should become routine practice.
<title>Electrophotographic process embedded in direct binary search</title> (1999)

A novel halftoning approach that has embedded in it a model for the electrophotographic process is presented. Models for the laser beam, exposure of the organic photo-conductor, and the resulting absorptance on the paper are embedded into the Direct Binary Search halftoning algorithm. The algorithm is applicable to any arbitrary pixel modulation scheme and is also highly portable between different electrophotographic print engines. Computational issues are addressed to make the approach viable. Results show good exploitation of pixel modulation and improvement over DBS with no printer model.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Novel Bis-Flavone Dimers as New Anticancer Agents (2018)

In this study, we describe a microwave-based click chemistry method used to prepare a family of novel bis-flavone dimers. The substituted 7-hydroxy and 4’-hydroxy flavonoids were linked through a triazole ring. The compounds were easily synthesized and purified in high yields. The bisflavonoids were tested on different cell lines including HCT116, HepG2, MCF7 and MOLT-4. Several analogues showed to have anticancer activity with IC50 values in the range of 20-60 μM. Flavonoids are known for their anticancer properties and this method provides the basis for new medicinal structures.
Magnetotransport properties ofLa0.6Pb0.4MnO3−δandNd0.6(Sr0.7Pb0.3)0.4MnO3−δsingle crystals (1995)

Magnetotransport measurements of high-quality single crystals of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.6}{\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.4}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ and ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.6}{({\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.3})}_{0.4}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ show a close relationship between giant magnetoresistance and the ferromagnetic ordering transition in these materials. In contrast to results for thin film and polycrystalline materials, magnetoresistance of these single crystals vanishes as $T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$. A two-component polaron model provides a possible framework for the interpretation of the previously unexplained variation in the functional form of $\ensuremath{\rho}(H)$ above and below the Curie temperature.
Supplementary Figure 1 D-H from R428, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of Axl Kinase, Blocks Tumor Spread and Prolongs Survival in Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 D-H from R428, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of Axl Kinase, Blocks Tumor Spread and Prolongs Survival in Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer
The Crack Problem for an Orthotropic Half Plane Stiffened by Elastic Films (1992)

Abstract In this paper, various contact and crack problems for an orthotropic substrate, stiffened by elastic films, are considered. The film is modeled as a membrane and the substrate as an orthotropic half-plane with the principal axes of orthotropy parallel and perpendicular to the boundary. The problem is formulated in terms of a system of singular integral equations. Various asymptotic analyses are carried out in order to determine the nature of the stresses singularities. The special cases for which the solution is obtained and results are provided include the stiffened half-plane without the crack, the cracked half-plane without any stiffeners, the orthotropic half-plane with a single stiffener and a crack emanating from the endpoint of the stiffener, and a broken stiffener on a cracked half-plane. In each case the influence of the relative crack/stiffener dimensions, the film/substrate stiffness ratios, and the material orthotropy on the stress intensity factors is studied and some sample results are given.
Catalytic Carbon—Carbon Coupling by Palladium Complexes: Heck Reactions (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Accounting for heterogeneous treatment effects in the FDA approval process. (2012)

The FDA employs an average-patient standard when reviewing drugs: it approves a drug only if is safe and effective for the average patient in a clinical trial. It is common, however, for patients to respond differently to a drug. Therefore, the average-patient standard can reject a drug that benefits certain patient subgroups (false negatives) and even approve a drug that harms other patient subgroups (false positives). These errors increase the cost of drug development - and thus health care - by wasting research on unproductive or unapproved drugs. The reason why the FDA sticks with an average patient standard is concern about opportunism by drug companies. With enough data dredging, a drug company can always find some subgroup of patients that appears to benefit from its drug, even if the subgroup truly does not. In this paper we offer alternatives to the average patient standard that reduce the risk of false negatives without increasing false positives from drug company opportunism. These proposals combine changes to institutional design - evaluation of trial data by an independent auditor - with statistical tools to reinforce the new institutional design - specifically, to ensure the auditor is truly independent of drug companies. We illustrate our proposals by applying them to the results of a recent clinical trial of a cancer drug (motexafin gadolinium). Our analysis suggests that the FDA may have made a mistake in rejecting that drug.
Energy-efficient In-Memory Address Calculation (2022)

Computation-in-Memory (CIM) is an emerging computing paradigm to address memory bottleneck challenges in computer architecture. A CIM unit cannot fully replace a general-purpose processor. Still, it significantly reduces the amount of data transfer between a traditional memory unit and the processor by enriching the transferred information. Data transactions between processor and memory consist of memory access addresses and values. While the main focus in the field of in-memory computing is to apply computations on the content of the memory (values), the importance of CPU-CIM address transactions and calculations for generating the sequence of access addresses for data-dominated applications is generally overlooked. However, the amount of information transactions used for “address” can easily be even more than half of the total transferred bits in many applications. In this article, we propose a circuit to perform the in-memory Address Calculation Accelerator. Our simulation results showed that calculating address sequences inside the memory (instead of the CPU) can significantly reduce the CPU-CIM address transactions and therefore contribute to considerable energy saving, latency, and bus traffic. For a chosen application of guided image filtering, in-memory address calculation results in almost two orders of magnitude reduction in address transactions over the memory bus.
A five-dimensional cardiac CT model for generating virtual CT projections for user-defined bolus dynamics and ECG profiles (2022)

Cardiac CT exams are some of the most complex CT exams due to need to carefully time the scan to capture the heart during the quiescent cardiac phase and when the contrast bolus is at its peak concentration. We are interested in developing a robust and autonomous cardiac CT protocol, using deep learning approaches to extract contrast timing and cardiac phase timing directly from pulsed projections. In this paper, we present a new approach to generate large amounts of clinically realistic virtual data for training deep learning networks. We propose a five-dimensional cardiac model generated from 4D cardiac coronary CT angiography (CTA) data for synthetic contrast bolus dynamics and patient ECG profiles. We apply deep learning to segment seven heart compartments and simulate intravenous contrast propagation through each compartment to insert contrast bolus. Additional augmentation techniques by randomizing a bolus curve, patient ECG profile, acquisition timing, and patient motion are applied to increase the amount of data that can be generated. We demonstrate good performance of the deep learning segmentation network, examples of simulated bolus curves using a realistic protocol, and good correspondence between virtually generated projections and real projections from patient scans.
Delivering Nanoparticles to Lungs while Avoiding Liver and Spleen through Adsorption on Red Blood Cells (2013)

Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are one of the most widely investigated approaches for developing novel therapies for a variety of diseases. However, rapid clearance and poor targeting limit their clinical utility. Here, we describe an approach to harness the flexibility, circulation, and vascular mobility of red blood cells (RBCs) to simultaneously overcome these limitations (cellular hitchhiking). A noncovalent attachment of nanoparticles to RBCs simultaneously increases their level in blood over a 24 h period and allows transient accumulation in the lungs, while reducing their uptake by liver and spleen. RBC-adsorbed nanoparticles exhibited ∼3-fold increase in blood persistence and ∼7-fold higher accumulation in lungs. RBC-adsorbed nanoparticles improved lung/liver and lung/spleen nanoparticle accumulation by over 15-fold and 10-fold, respectively. Accumulation in lungs is attributed to mechanical transfer of particles from the RBC surface to lung endothelium. Independent tracing of both nanoparticles and RBCs in vivo confirmed that RBCs themselves do not accumulate in lungs. Attachment of anti-ICAM-1 antibody to the exposed surface of NPs that were attached to RBCs led to further increase in lung targeting and retention over 24 h. Cellular hitchhiking onto RBCs provides a new platform for improving the blood pharmacokinetics and vascular delivery of nanoparticles while simultaneously avoiding uptake by liver and spleen, thus opening the door for new applications.
A reconfigurable OFDM inner receiver implemented in the CAL dataflow language (2010)

This paper presents a reconfigurable inner receiver for the LTE, DVB-H, and IEEE802.11n (WLAN) radio systems, all of which are based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The receiver is implemented in the CAL language. An FPGA-based hardware implementation is synthesized from RTL generated from the CAL description. The purpose of our work is to investigate the feasibility of dataflow methodology for high-level description of digital radio transceivers.