gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generalized Spectral Domain Technique Theory and Applications (1986)

A new formulation of the Spectral Domain Technique (SDT) is presented, namely, the Generalized Spectral Domain Technique (GSDT). This formulation can be applied to all planar circuits. open or closed, strip-like or slot-like, including an arbitrary number of isotropic layers. Recurrent relations allow us to reduce the problem to the level of the strip/slot interface. A unified analytical form of the "GSDT Green Matrix" is carried out. The GSDT is well suited for the computation of propagation constants. impedances or pseudo-impedances. field map of the fundamental and higher order modes. Several computed results concerning open structures are presented and compared with experimental results.
Input Constraints Handling in an MPC/Feedback Linearization Scheme (2009)

Input Constraints Handling in an MPC/Feedback Linearization Scheme The combination of model predictive control based on linear models (MPC) with feedback linearization (FL) has attracted interest for a number of years, giving rise to MPC+FL control schemes. An important advantage of such schemes is that feedback linearizable plants can be controlled with a linear predictive controller with a fixed model. Handling input constraints within such schemes is difficult since simple bound contraints on the input become state dependent because of the nonlinear transformation introduced by feedback linearization. This paper introduces a technique for handling input constraints within a real time MPC/FL scheme, where the plant model employed is a class of dynamic neural networks. The technique is based on a simple affine transformation of the feasible area. A simulated case study is presented to illustrate the use and benefits of the technique.
Supplementary Data from Selective and Potent Raf Inhibitors Paradoxically Stimulate Normal Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth (2023)

Supplementary Data from Selective and Potent Raf Inhibitors Paradoxically Stimulate Normal Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth
Evaluation of the Design, Development, and Performance of a Mass-Flow Based, Open-Source Buffer Manufacturing System (2022)

Buffer solutions are a critical component of the manufacturing process for therapeutic proteins and other biomolecules. The traditional way to make and use buffers is space and resource intensive, creating operational bottlenecks that impact efficiencies and costs. Here we describe a full-scale, current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) capable buffer stock blending system that has an open-source, configurable design and that overcomes the challenges of traditional buffer preparation. The system comprises simplified control and operation using mass flow to provide on-demand supply of buffer solutions. The system also has self-cleaning capability and is amenable to be operated as a closed system. The data will demonstrate the excellent performance and capabilities of the system as well as illustrate its potential transformative impact on biomanufacturing.
Anti-Ig-mediated proliferation of human B cells in the absence of protein kinase C. (1988)

Cross-linking of surface Ig has been shown to stimulate phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in murine B cells, leading to increases in [Ca2+]i and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Preliminary evidence suggests that a similar activation mechanism occurs in human B cells. We wished to examine whether anti-Ig antibody-stimulated human B cell proliferation is as dependent upon the presence of PKC as is anti-Ig-mediated murine B cell proliferation. Using highly purified, small, dense peripheral-blood B lymphocytes from healthy adult donors, we confirmed that PMA, a direct activator of PKC, is a potent mitogen for human B cells that synergizes with anti-mu antibody. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PMA treatment abolishes detectable cellular stores of immunoreactive PKC. However, after such depletion of cellular PKC, anti-mu antibody is still capable of delivering a proliferative signal to human B cells. It is unlikely that this signal occurs solely on the basis of increases in [Ca2+]i, because the calcium ionophore A23187 does not induce a proliferative response in PMA-treated B cells similar in magnitude to that seen with anti-mu. Additionally, the finding that pretreatment of B cells with PMA ablates the ability of anti-Ig antibody to mobilize intracellular and extracellular calcium also suggests that the ability of PMA to enhance anti-Ig mediated stimulation does not depend on elevations of [Ca2+]i induced by anti-Ig. Together, these observations suggest that anti-Ig signaling of human B cells may occur via other pathways in addition to the phosphatidylinositol system of calcium influx and PKC activation.
Multiply-connected complementary Hall-plates with extended contacts (2023)

Abstract We consider uniform plane Hall-plates with an arbitrary number of holes exposed to a uniform perpendicular magnetic field of arbitrary strength. The plates have extended contacts on the outer boundary and on the boundaries of the holes. No symmetry is presumed. Pairs of complementary Hall-plates are defined, where contacts and insulating segments on the boundaries are swapped. A unique stream function exists in these multiply-connected domains if the total current through each boundary vanishes. Then the voltages between neighbouring contacts and the currents into contacts of pairs of complementary Hall-plates are linked in a peculiar way, which results in identical power density. Relations between the impedances of complementary multiply-connected Hall-plates are derived. The prominent role of complementary symmetric Hall-plates - with or without holes - is revealed. For arbitrary magnetic field their resistance equals the one of a square without holes and with contacts fully covering two opposite edges. MSC Classification: 31A02 , 35C05 , 78A30
Third harmonic generation and thermo-physical properties of benzophenone single crystal for photonic applications (2017)

A well crystallized Benzophenone single crystal was successfully grown by vertical semi transparent Bridgman technique. The lattice parameters of the grown crystal were established by single crystal x-ray diffraction technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to determine the functional groups. The UV-NIR analysis revealed that the Benzophenone crystal has high transmittance in the entire visible region and the lower cutoff wavelength has been found to be 381 nm. The optical band gap energy was calculated and it is found to be 3.08 eV. The various linear optical parameters such as, Extinction coefficient (k), Refractive index (n), Reflectance, Complex dielectric constant, Optical susceptibility, Electrical conductivity and Optical polarization of the grown crystal were estimated and its variation with respect to incident photon energy was examined. Furthermore, the third order nonlinear optical properties were investigated by the z-scan technique using continuous wave Nd-YAG laser. The obtained thermophysical properties making use of photoacoustic spectroscopy show the superiority of the crystal over few other standard NLO materials.
Noninvasive studies may have potential to replace cystoscopy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer follow-up (2022)

Abstract Background Bladder cancer has a high recurrence rate which requires frequent follow-up. Cystoscopy is currently the gold standard for follow-up which is invasive and undesirable procedure for patients. Objectives We aimed to investigate the feasibility of noninvasive studies for follow-up of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Methods This retrospective study was done for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients with abnormal lesion at follow up cystoscopy, therefore those needed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT). Inclusion criteria was patients who had preoperative bladder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within one month to TUR-BT and urine cytology results. MRI, urine cytology, and surgical pathology results were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, diagnostic odds ratio, and number needed to misdiagnose for the diagnostic performance of non-invasive studies. Results From total of 2,258 TUR-BT cases, 1,532 cases of initial TUR-BT and 481 cases which bladder MRI were not done was excluded. Finally, 245 cases of TUR-BT were included. Combined urine cytology and bladder MRI showed 96% sensitivity, 43% specificity, 89% positive and 67% negative predictive values, 87% accuracy, 16.2 diagnostic odds ratio, and 7.4 number needed to misdiagnose values. Among nine false-negative cases, three (1.2%) were missed by the radiologist, two (0.8%) had an empty bladder during magnetic resonance imaging, and three (1.2%) had gross hematuria which needed cystoscopy despite of bladder MRI or urine cytology result. Only one case (0.4%) was missed based on symptoms and noninvasive tests. However, none of the false-negative cases showed rapid extensive progression requiring radical or partial cystectomy. Conclusions The combination of bladder MRI and urine cytology was comparable to cystoscopy for the follow-up of recurred lesions in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients This may reduce the need for cystoscopy and allowing patients to have choices for follow up diagnostic methods. Also, additional imaging tests to evaluate kidney, ureter and peri-vesical lesions can be reduced.
Highly Linear Integrated Coherent Receivers for Microwave Photonic Links (2009)

A coherent receiver with feedback was developed to linearly demodulate the phase of an analog signal. The receiver demonstrates a spur-free dynamic range of 125 dB·Hz2/3 at a signal frequency of 300 MHz.
Juvenile‐onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with infantile CLN1 mutation and palmitoyl‐protein thioesterase deficiency (2007)

Accurate diagnosis, especially in progressive hereditary diseases, is essential for the treatment and genetic counseling of the patient and the family. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are amongst the most common groups of neurodegenerative diseases. Infantile, juvenile, and adult-onset types with multiple genotype-phenotype associations have been described. A fluorimetric enzyme assay for palmitoyl protein thioesterase (PPT) from leukocytes and fibroblasts has been previously developed to confirm the diagnosis of infantile NCL. We describe a patient with juvenile-onset NCL phenotype with a new CLN1 mutation and deficient PPT activity. Over 40 different mutations have been found in patients with PPT deficiency, indicating that screening for known mutations is not an efficient way to diagnose this disorder. Therefore, PPT enzyme analysis should precede mutation analysis in suspected PPT deficiency, particularly in patients with granular osmiophilic deposits (GROD) or in patients who have negative ultrastructural data. The use of enzyme assay led to the diagnosis of this patient with juvenile-onset Finnish variant NCL with PPT deficiency, and we expect that greater awareness of the utility of the enzymatic assay may lead to identification of other similar cases awaiting a definitive diagnosis.
Two opposite signaling outputs are driven by the KIR2DL1 receptor in human CD4+ T cells (2008)

Inhibitory killer Ig-like receptors (KIR), expressed by human natural killer cells and effector memory CD8(+) T-cell subsets, bind HLA-C molecules and suppress cell activation through recruitment of the Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1). To further analyze the still largely unclear role of inhibitory KIR receptors on CD4(+) T cells, KIR2DL1 transfectants were obtained from a CD4(+) T-cell line and primary cells. Transfection of CD4(+) T cells with KIR2DL1 dramatically increased the T-cell receptor (TCR)-induced production of interleukin-2 independently of ligand binding but inhibited TCR-induced activation after ligation. KIR-mediated costimulation of TCR activation involves intact KIR2DL1-ITIM phosphorylation, SHP-2 recruitment, and PKC- phosphorylation. Synapses leading to activation were characterized by an increase in the recruitment of p-Tyr, SHP-2, and p-PKC-, but not of SHP-1. Interaction of KIR2DL1 with its ligand led to a strong synaptic accumulation of KIR2DL1 and the recruitment of SHP-1/2, inhibiting TCR-induced interleukin-2 production. KIR2DL1 may induce 2 opposite signaling outputs in CD4(+) T cells, depending on whether the KIR receptor is bound to its ligand. These data highlight unexpected aspects of the regulation of T cells by KIR2DL1 receptors, the therapeutic manipulation of which is currently being evaluated.
ChemInform Abstract: Light‐Harvesting Dendrimers (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Derivation of antenna pattern shaping criteria for urban base stations using ray tracing (2003)

A novel method for the derivation of the optimum base station (BS) antenna radiation pattern in urban microcellular systems or wireless systems in general is presented. The multipath radio channel is sounded with a ray-tracing (RT) tool; then the BS antenna pattern is optimized in order to minimize channel dispersion and maximize field strength in the selected service area. The procedure can be performed for the different classes of microcellular BS sites, allowing the derivation of useful criteria for the shaping of the corresponding antenna patterns. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the possibility of using the RT in combination with an optimization procedure to derive interesting antenna design indications.
Downlink Assisted Uplink Zero Forcing for TDD Multiuser MIMO Systems (2009)

This paper proposes practical coordinated linear transmit-receive processing schemes for the uplink (UL) of multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in the time division duplex (TDD) mode. The base station (BS) computes the transmission parameters in a centralized manner and employs downlink (DL) pilot signals to convey the information of the beam selection and beamformers to be used by the terminals. When coexisting with the DL transmit-receive zero forcing, the precoded DL demodulation pilots can be reused for UL beam allocation so that no additional pilot overhead is required. Furthermore, the locally available channel state information (CSI) of the effective MIMO channel is sufficient for the terminals to perform transmit power and rate allocation independently. In order to reduce the UL pilot overhead as well, we propose reusing the precoded UL demodulation pilots in turn for partial CSI sounding. The achievable sum rate of the system is evaluated in time-varying fading channels and with channel estimation. According to the results, the proposed UL transmission strategy provides increased rates compared to single-user MIMO transmission combined with user selection as well as to UL antenna selection transmission, without being sensitive to CSI uncertainty.
Hybrid Manufacturing: Influence of Directed Energy Deposition Parameters on Microstructure and Layer Adhesion of Stainless Steel 316L (2019)

Abstract In-envelope hybrid manufacturing systems comprised of directed energy deposition (DED) and machining provide flexibility for the fabrication of complex geometries with minimal setup changes. However, for these manufacturing set ups, the effects of deposition parameters such as laser power and scanning speed on the quality of the build remain relatively unexplored. An important aspect for developing components with reliable mechanical properties is a thorough understanding of DED thermodynamics during fabrication. Therefore, DED thermodynamics were defined based on the strengthening properties derived from the thermal gradient (G) and solidification rate (R) of the melt pool. Other factors influencing DED thermodynamics include substrate geometry and surface finish which are expected to affect cooling rates and adhesion, respectively. In this work, stainless steel 316L specimens were fabricated varying laser power intensity, scanning speed, and deposition substrate. The effect of these parameters on the microstructure of the sample components were analyzed. Microstructural evolution at various points within and between layers was studied and correlated to localized hardness. An increase in mechanical properties for fine, equiaxed grains demonstrates the Hall-Petch principle for strengthening of components.
3D Stationary and Temporal Electro-Thermal Simulations of Metal Oxide Gas Sensor based on a High Temperature and Low Power Consumption Micro-Heater Structure using COMSOL TM (2012)

International audience
Nucleation rate analysis of methane hydrate from molecular dynamics simulations (2015)

Clathrate hydrates are solid crystalline structures most commonly formed from solutions that have nucleated to form a mixed solid composed of water and gas. Understanding the mechanism of clathrate hydrate nucleation is essential to grasp the fundamental chemistry of these complex structures and their applications. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an ideal method to study nucleation at the molecular level because the size of the critical nucleus and formation rate occur on the nano scale. Various analysis methods for nucleation have been developed through MD to analyze nucleation. In particular, the mean first-passage time (MFPT) and survival probability (SP) methods have proven to be effective in procuring the nucleation rate and critical nucleus size for monatomic systems. This study assesses the MFPT and SP methods, previously used for monatomic systems, when applied to analyzing clathrate hydrate nucleation. Because clathrate hydrate nucleation is relatively difficult to observe in MD simulations (due to its high free energy barrier), these methods have yet to be applied to clathrate hydrate systems. In this study, we have analyzed the nucleation rate and critical nucleus size of methane hydrate using MFPT and SP methods from data generated by MD simulations at 255 K and 50 MPa. MFPT was modified for clathrate hydrate from the original version by adding the maximum likelihood estimate and growth effect term. The nucleation rates calculated by MFPT and SP methods are within 5%, and the critical nucleus size estimated by the MFPT method was 50% higher, than values obtained through other more rigorous but computationally expensive estimates. These methods can also be extended to the analysis of other clathrate hydrates.
Electronic repeller and field protocol for control of crows in almonds in California (2004)

Past studies have shown that the American crow, a major pest in almonds, can be effectively hazed out of almond orchards with broadcast distress calls. These studies, however, have not approached the matter from an integrated pest management standpoint. A large-scale field protocol was required to guide growers when using electronic broadcast units. A broadcast unit was designed for testing the field protocol with emphasis placed on preventing habituation and saving power. A selection of crow chick distress calls were recorded on the University of California-Davis campus for use in the broadcast unit. In addition, recordings of 2 dying adult crows were obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, CO. The calls proved effective in preliminary hazing tests and during the field study. The field protocol included broadcast unit deployment at the first sign of bird damage at a rate of one unit per 1.6 ha, distributed uniformly throughout the orchard, moved to a new tree every 2 weeks, and automatically switched to a different call every 3 to 4 days. Growers at each site were also supplied with pyrotechnics to supplement the distress calls and were encouraged to use other techniques such as shooting and gas cannons. The units ran until harvest. Six orchards, a pair from each of 3 different areas in California, were chosen to test the field protocol. The orchards were surveyed for damage over 2 growing seasons, and 1 orchard in each pair received treatment in the second year. Two of the 3 treated sites showed a decrease in damage due to the treatment of the broadcast units implemented with the field protocol. One site showed a damage reduction from 0.84 (6.0 kg/ha) to 0.25 (1.1 kg/ha). Another site showed a damage reduction from 1.54 (18.2 kg/ha) to 0.73 (4.8 kg/ha). The third site was not damaged in the first year, therefore damage reduction in the second year was not possible.
Some radio implementation challenges in 3G-LTE context (2007)

This paper addresses some radio implementation related RF impairment issues in long-term evolution (LTE) of 3G mobile radio system context, with special emphasis on the so-called I/Q imbalance and the resulting mirror-frequency interference problems. The relative roles of transmitter and receiver mirror-frequency attenuation characteristics on the overall link and system performance are discussed and analyzed, with most focus on the LTE uplink. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the limited mirror-frequency attenuation of the transmitter and receiver analog front-ends can be greatly improved using proper DSP techniques. Realistic example case studies in LTE uplink are given, demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of such I/Q compensation or calibration techniques. Based on the obtained results, analog front-end attenuations typically around 25-40 dB can easily be improved up to 50-80 dB range or so, under very reasonable assumptions on the implementation resources allocated to the calibration and compensation circuitries.
Erratum: Quantitative analysis of magnetic spin and orbital moments from an oxidized iron (1 1 0) surface using electron magnetic circular dichroism (2015)

Understanding the ramifications of reduced crystalline symmetry on magnetic behavior is a critical step in improving our understanding of nanoscale and interfacial magnetism. However, investigations of such effects are often controversial largely due to the challenges inherent in directly correlating nanoscale stoichiometry and structure to magnetic behavior. Here, we describe how to use Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) to obtain Electron Magnetic Circular Dichroism (EMCD) signals as a function of scattering angle to locally probe the magnetic behavior of thin oxide layers grown on an Fe (1 1 0) surface. Experiments and simulations both reveal a strong dependence of the magnetic orbital to spin ratio on its scattering vector in reciprocal space. We exploit this variation to extract the magnetic properties of the oxide cladding layer, showing that it locally may exhibit an enhanced orbital to spin moment ratio. This finding is supported here by both spatially and angularly resolved EMCD measurements, opening up the way for compelling investigations into how magnetic properties are affected by nanoscale features.