gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Performance Prediction of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Powered eVTOL UAV (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3382.vid The purpose of this paper is to increase the accuracy of eVTOL UAV performance prediction at steady-level-flight conditions. eVTOL UAV is powered by hydrogen fuel cell and battery. Inhouse program ADSP, which is capable of analyzing and optimizing fuel powered aircraft such as VLA, UAV, and UCAV is used as a baseline analysis program. Since ADPS can only perform for fuel powered aircraft, ADSP is upgraded for the battery and hydrogen fuel cell powered eVTOL UAV. However, applied methods in the ADSP are based on statical equations and numerical methods, as a result, the performance cannot be accurately predicted. Therefore, surrogate models for each discipline are developed by collecting high-fidelity data including experimental data and CFD results, and according to the analysis code framework. The aerodynamics analysis fidelity is improved by CFD data, propulsion analysis fidelity is increased by conducting experimental data, in addition, the hydrogen fuel cell experimental data are also used to correct the efficiency to predict the fuel consumption. The high accuracy performance is predicted by integrating the fidelity enhanced model of each discipline, physically. This paper shows an effective integration method for predicting the enhanced performance of eVTOL UAVs in a practical approach. Not only the performance of different flight modes but also the whole flight mission can be predicted. Inhouse program ADSP analysis is used as a baseline, and improved fidelity analysis is used as enhanced analysis, which is compared for performance and mission analysis. The analysis results show that the enhanced analysis prediction results of drag, power, and energy required at forwarding flight are almost 2 times higher than the baseline analysis resulting in lower maximum endurance and lower maximum range which is more realistic to actual flight.
Insulated exhaust port liner for a cylinder head assembly of a motor vehicle (2023)

An insulated exhaust port liner of a cylinder head assembly for fluidly connecting to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a sealing layer. The sealing layer has a first surface defining a passage for fluidly connecting to the internal combustion engine and receiving exhaust gas. The sealing layer further includes a second surface opposite to the first surface. The liner further includes a thermal barrier layer coated onto the second surface of the sealing layer. The thermal barrier layer is a porous non-woven material for supporting the sealing layer on the cylinder head and reducing a transfer of heat from the sealing layer to the cylinder head.
Requirement of Monooxygenase-Mediated Steps for Sterigmatocystin Biosynthesis by Aspergillus nidulans (2000)

Sterigmatocystin (ST) and aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) are two polyketide-derived Aspergillus mycotoxins synthesized by functionally identical sets of enzymes. ST, the compound produced by Aspergillus nidulans, is a late intermediate in the AFB(1) pathway of A. parasiticus and A. flavus. Previous biochemical studies predicted that five oxygenase steps are required for the formation of ST. A 60-kb ST gene cluster in A. nidulans contains five genes, stcB, stcF, stcL, stcS, and stcW, encoding putative monooxygenase activities. Prior research showed that stcL and stcS mutants accumulated versicolorins B and A, respectively. We now show that strains disrupted at stcF, encoding a P-450 monooxygenase similar to A. parasiticus avnA, accumulate averantin. Disruption of either StcB (a putative P-450 monooxygenase) or StcW (a putative flavin-requiring monooxygenase) led to the accumulation of averufin as determined by radiolabeled feeding and extraction studies.
Possibility of cytomedical therapy for diabetes mellitus using microencapsulated pancreatic .BETA. cell line with glucose sensor. (1998)

The living body is composed of numerous cells that function cleverly under various network to maintain homeostasis. It is especially surprising that bioactive molecules such as hormones and cytokines have temporal, quantitative, and local targets in living body. Regarding the bioactive molecules as drugs, biosynthesis function, sensor function and controlled release function of bioactive molecules which are inherent in living cells are ideal of drug delivery system. We have studied the development of cytomedicine, a concept which involves using intelligent particles, living cells as carriers of bioactive molecules. Previously we reported that this cytomedicine was very effective as an in vivo long-term delivery system for bioactive molecules in animal model experiment. However the cytomedicine we studied so far produced and secreted bioactive molecules and functioned only sustained release system. The biggest benefit of cytomedical therapy is that we can strictly control blood concentration of drugs and can avoid frequent administration of drugs by utilization of various functions of living cells such as sensor function. In this study, we examined the biocompativility of alginate-poly(L) lysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules as the immobilized devices of cells for cytomedicine. Moreover, to evaluate the possibility of cytomedical therapy for diabetes mellitus using microencapsulated pancreatic β cell lines (MIN6 cells and βTC6-F7 cells) with glucose sensor, viability and glucose responsiveness of microencapsulated MIN6 cells and βTC6-F7 cells were examined in vitro. These APA-microencapsulated cells maintained glucose sensor and should good viability at least three months. This results suggest that cytomedicine using microencapsulated pancreatic β cell lines with glucose sensor is useful for therapy for diabetes mellitus.
Pushing the performance limits of electrical contact materials: connecting nano to macro. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
WNT5A regulates adipose tissue angiogenesis via antiangiogenic VEGF-A165b in obese humans (2017)

Experimental studies have suggested that Wingless-related integration site 5A (WNT5A) is a proinflammatory secreted protein that is associated with metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Impaired angiogenesis in fat depots has been implicated in the development of adipose tissue capillary rarefaction, hypoxia, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. We have recently demonstrated that impaired adipose tissue angiogenesis is associated with overexpression of antiangiogenic factor VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b in human fat and the systemic circulation. In the present study, we postulated that upregulation of WNT5A is associated with angiogenic dysfunction and examined its role in regulating VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b expression in human obesity. We biopsied subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue from 38 obese individuals (body mass index: 44 ± 7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, age: 37 ± 11 yr) during planned bariatric surgery and characterized depot-specific protein expression of VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b and WNT5A using Western blot analysis. In both subcutaneous and visceral fat, VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b expression correlated strongly with WNT5A protein (<i>r</i> = 0.9, <i>P</i> < 0.001). In subcutaneous adipose tissue where angiogenic capacity is greater than in the visceral depot, exogenous human recombinant WNT5A increased VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b expression in both whole adipose tissue and isolated vascular endothelial cell fractions (<i>P</i> < 0.01 and <i>P</i> < 0.05, respectively). This was associated with markedly blunted angiogenic capillary sprout formation in human fat pad explants. Moreover, recombinant WNT5A increased secretion of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, a negative regulator of angiogenesis, in the sprout media (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Both VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b-neutralizing antibody and secreted frizzled-related protein 5, which acts as a decoy receptor for WNT5A, significantly improved capillary sprout formation and reduced soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 production (<i>P</i> < 0.05). We demonstrated a significant regulatory nexus between WNT5A and antiangiogenic VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b in the adipose tissue of obese subjects that was linked to angiogenic dysfunction. Elevated WNT5A expression in obesity may function as a negative regulator of angiogenesis.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Wingless-related integration site 5a (WNT5A) negatively regulates adipose tissue angiogenesis via VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b in human obesity.
Determination of lung water content and distribution by nuclear magnetic resonance (1984)

The present study was designed to determine the value of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging as a technique for quantifying lung water distribution and to estimate the degree of spatial resolution achieved by this technique. The spatial distribution of water was determined in six small (0.76 ml) rat lung tissue specimens by an NMR line-scan technique. After NMR imaging, each lung specimen was frozen and subdivided into slices; the gravimetric lung water content for each lung slice was compared with the integrated NMR water content over the volume corresponding to the same lung slice. In each tissue specimen, NMR and gravimetric lung water values were significantly correlated; the correlation coefficient for the pooled data for all six lung specimens was 0.91 (P less than 0.01). In two lung specimens, NMR values tended to be slightly higher than the gravimetric values. The magnitude of the difference between NMR and gravimetric values was generally less than 20% and only occasionally exceeded 25%. Our results suggest that the NMR-imaging method provides satisfactory estimates of lung water content and its distribution; the resolving power of the technique is excellent, as shown by its ability to detect water content differences between lung tissue slices of volume as small as 0.076 ml.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF O‐XYLIDENE‐METAL COMPLEXES. PART 4. STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF THE EARLY TRANSITION METAL MESO‐METALLACYCLES (BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYL)‐O‐XYLENEDIYL)BIS(η‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)TITANIUM, ‐ZIRCONIUM, ‐HAFNIUM, OR ‐NIOBIUM, THEIR REVERSIBLE ONE‐ELECTRON REDUCTION (M = TI, ZR, HF, OR NB) AND OXIDATION (M = NB), AND THE X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ZIRCONIUM COMPLEX (1984)

Abstract Die Reaktion der organischen Dilithium‐Verbindung (II) mit den Metallocen(IV)‐chloriden (I) führt zu den kristallinen, thermisch stabilen, stereospezifisch reinen meso‐Metallaindanen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis by Conjugate Radical Addition of New Heterocyclic Amino Acids with Nucleobase Side Chains. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dissecting Convolutional Neural Networks for Efficient Implementation on Constrained Platforms (2020)

Deep neural networks, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have driven unprecedented improvements in machine learning tasks in computer vision research. Most research focuses on improving inference accuracy and designing networks that are capable of reaching a target accuracy for a specific application. Networks are typically implemented on relatively unconstrained devices, such as a workstation Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), so the design and optimization techniques do not scale well to low power and resource-constrained applications like mobile, automotive, or Internet of Things (IoT). While efforts have shifted for various acceleration frameworks on constrained platforms such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and System-on-Chip (SoC) devices, obtaining the energy-efficient implementations without a significant drop in accuracy remains an art than science. In this paper, we aim to breakdown CNNs and analyze each layer independently and quantify their impact on memory footprint, power consumption, and latency. We analyze these properties of four common Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures: LeNet, AlexNet, VGG-11, and VGG-16. We optimize and implement each network on a low power computing platform suitable for constrained environments. Networks are validated using the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets. We show that modifying specific network design parameters such as filter size, the number of fully connected layers, and subsampling techniques have a considerable impact on the overall performance and efficiency, enabling informed trade-offs and optimization. We demonstrate up to 11x reduction in power consumption compared to another FPGA platform with 96x more memory capacity, while maintaining the state-of-art classification accuracy.
CO2‐Neutral Production–Fact or Fiction? (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Renewable Feedstocks Industrial Biotechnological Processes Expansion to Multiproduct Biorefineries Determination of CO2 Emissions in Processes of Chemical Industry The Three-Pillar Interpretation of Sustainability Outlook References
Development and validation of a UPLC‐MS/MS method for the determination of 7‐hydroxymitragynine, a μ‐opioid agonist, in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study (2013)

A simple, sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine the concentrations of 7-hydroxymitragynine in rat plasma. Following a single-step liquid-liquid extraction of plasma samples using chloroform, 7-hydroxymitragynine and the internal standard (tryptoline) were separated on an Acquity UPLC(TM) BEH C18 (1.7 µm, 2.1 × 50 mm) column using an isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% acetic acid in water and 0.1% acetic acid in acetonitrile (10:90, v/v). The run time was 2.5 min. The analysis was carried out under the multiple reaction-monitoring mode using positive electrospray ionization. Protonated ions [M + H](+) and their respective product ions were monitored at the following transitions: 415 → 190 for 7-hydroxymitragynine and 173 → 144 for the internal standard. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 10-4000 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.999) with a lower limit of quantification of 10 ng/mL. The extraction recoveries ranged from 62.0 to 67.3% at concentrations of 20, 600 and 3200 ng/mL). Intra- and inter-day assay precisions (relative standard deviation) were <15% and the accuracy was within 96.5-104.0%. This validated method was successfully applied to quantify 7-hydroxymitragynine in rat plasma following intravenous administration.
Deriving Transportation Mode Shares on Urban Freeways Based on Mobile Phone Data (2011)

An innovative method is presented in this paper to derive the transportation mode shares on urban freeways using mobile-phone trajectory information. It consists of two major parts: offline learning and online inference. The offline learning first extracts the temporal feature from the mobile-phone trajectories. By comparing to the existed link volumes, the inference parameters are calibrated through the offline learning process. The online inference determines the transportation modes for each individual mobile phone users in a real-time manner. The methodology was tested via a case study designed for both the offline learning and online inference parts. The results show the great potential of using mobile-phone trajectory information as a means to estimating the transportation mode shares.
Le clonage humain est-il thérapeutique ? (2003)

Is human cloning therapeutic?
Manticore: Hardware-Accelerated RTL Simulation with Static Bulk-Synchronous Parallelism (2023)

The demise of Moore's Law and Dennard Scaling has revived interest in specialized computer architectures and accelerators. Verification and testing of this hardware depend heavily upon cycle-accurate simulation of register-transfer-level (RTL) designs. The fastest software RTL simulators can simulate designs at 1--1000 kHz, i.e., more than three orders of magnitude slower than hardware. Improved simulators can increase designers' productivity by speeding design iterations and permitting more exhaustive exploration. One possibility is to exploit low-level parallelism, as RTL expresses considerable fine-grain concurrency. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art RTL simulators often perform best on a single core since modern processors cannot effectively exploit fine-grain parallelism. This work presents Manticore: a parallel computer designed to accelerate RTL simulation. Manticore uses a static bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) execution model to eliminate fine-grain synchronization overhead. It relies entirely on a compiler to schedule resources and communication, which is feasible since RTL code contains few divergent execution paths. With static scheduling, communication and synchronization no longer incur runtime overhead, making fine-grain parallelism practical. Moreover, static scheduling dramatically simplifies processor implementation, significantly increasing the number of cores that fit on a chip. Our 225-core FPGA implementation running at 475 MHz outperforms a state-of-the-art RTL simulator running on desktop and server computers in 8 out of 9 benchmarks.
Stochastic Averaging for Constrained Optimization With Application to Online Resource Allocation (2017)

Existing resource allocation approaches for nowadays stochastic networks are challenged to meet fast convergence and tolerable delay requirements. The present paper leverages online learning advances to facilitate online resource allocation tasks. By recognizing the central role of Lagrange multipliers, the underlying constrained optimization problem is formulated as a machine learning task involving both training and operational modes, with the goal of learning the sought multipliers in a fast and efficient manner. To this end, an order-optimal offline learning approach is developed first for batch training, and it is then generalized to the online setting with a procedure termed learn-and-adapt. The novel resource allocation protocol permeates benefits of stochastic approximation and statistical learning to obtain low-complexity online updates with learning errors close to the statistical accuracy limits, while still preserving adaptation performance, which in the stochastic network optimization context guarantees queue stability. Analysis and simulated tests demonstrate that the proposed data-driven approach improves the delay and convergence performance of existing resource allocation schemes.
Experimental determination of heat flow in semiconductor lasers (2003)

Summary from only given. The investigation of heat flow in a semiconductor laser diode performed here leads to the conclusion that a thermal probe is useful for parameter extraction; the model used, however, must be quite detailed in devices with low wallplug efficiency.
Efficient Transmission of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Viruses with High-Level Oseltamivir Resistance (2012)

The limited availability of approved influenza virus antivirals highlights the importance of studying the fitness and transmissibility of drug-resistant viruses. S247N is a novel, naturally occurring N1 neuraminidase mutation that reduces oseltamivir sensitivity and greatly potentiates oseltamivir resistance in the context of the H275Y mutation. Here we show that highly oseltamivir-resistant viruses containing both the S247N and H275Y mutations transmit efficiently in the guinea pig transmission model.
Significance of Adhesion-Reduced Bouncing in Dynamic Contacts of Ohmic RF MEMS Switches (2015)

This paper presents a mathematical Euler-Bernoulli beam-based model that simulates the dynamic behavior of typical cantilever-type radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) switches, including nonlinearly adhesive contact theory and cycle-dependent bouncing patterns. In particular, the adhesion-induced energy dissipation per cycle is modeled as an effective damping parameter and included in the dynamic model of the device. This new modeling approach eliminates the time-consuming calculation related to the complexity of the tip-drain switch contact. This model also accurately captures previously reported switch bouncing patterns and their time evolution. Comparing the modeling and experimental data enables us to estimate the time-dependent adhesion force throughout the switch lifetime. Furthermore, a nondimensionalized model is presented to analyze the characteristics of a general RF MEMS switch without a priori knowledge of its dimensions.
Gain-Assisted Propagation in a Plasmonic Waveguide at Telecom Wavelength (2009)

The spatial confinement of surface plasmon polaritons is a promising route for realizing optical on-board interconnects. However, mode losses increase with the confinement factor. To overcome this road block, we investigate propagation assisted by stimulated emission in a polymer strip-loaded plasmonic waveguide doped with nanocrystals. We achieve 27% increase of the propagation length at telecom wavelength corresponding to a 160 cm(-1) optical gain coefficient. Such a configuration is a step toward integrated plasmonic amplifiers.
Yet Another Cost Aggregation Over Models (2016)

In the recent decades, we have witnessed the advent of local or non-local filters for cost aggregation in stereo matching, pushing the envelope of local methods to the degree of global methods, while maintaining the efficiency. A specific filter with a specific parameter setting may have a potential to best work for an image pair, but may not guarantee equally good performance for other image pairs. To address this problem, we propose a mixture-of-experts model, which applies a heterogeneous set of filters on the cost volume and adaptively combines the results. We employ supervised learning to estimate per-pixel mixing coefficients, which are used to adaptively control the weight of the filter responses. Through experiments, we show that the mixture model significantly reduces errors in disparity estimation and even outperforms the strategy of selecting the best per-pixel filter from the pool of filters in the average sense.
Sensor Mechanisms for Improved Peach Pitting (1992)

Sensors and supporting mechanical systems were developed to demonstrate the potential for improving the output quality of commercial peach pitting machines. An electronic camera was used to view the peaches as they passed between the aligner and pitter mechanisms. The transfer arms were modified to present the stem cavity of the peach for inspection. Image analysis algorithms were developed to determine the suture angle and classify the peach as aligned or misaligned. The feed cup of the pitter was modified to reject misaligned fruit. Results showed that off-suture cuts in the pitted output could be substantially reduced, but total system output was reduced by classification errors on aligned peaches.
Template‐Free 3D Microprinting of Metals Using a Force‐Controlled Nanopipette for Layer‐by‐Layer Electrodeposition (2016)

A novel 3D printing method for voxel-by-voxel metal printing is presented. Hollow atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilevers are used to locally supply metal ions in an electrochemical cell, enabling a localized electroplating reaction. By exploiting the deflection feedback of these probes, electrochemical 3D metal printing is, for the first time, demonstrated in a layer-by-layer fashion, enabling the fabrication of arbitrary-shaped geometries.