gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Performance EOR System in Carbonate Reservoirs (2014)

Abstract With the increasing activities in the oil industry more interest is paid to the enhanced oil recovery (EOR). EOR is the area of increasing the producible oil from oil reservoirs. Recently, sea water has been used as a new EOR fluid by tuning its salt content to decrease its salinity and the new water was called low salinity (LowSal) water or smart water. This lead to studying the effect of LowSal water flooding on the recovery factor from oil reservoir due to the thought that LowSal water will interact with the rock surface either by multiple ion exchange or dissolution. Most of the research done confirmed that the presence of anhydrite in the rock is a must for an effective LowSal water flooding as the sulphate ions acts as a catalyst in the rock/fluids interaction. In this study, we will introduce a new chemical EOR method that can be implied in carbonate reservoirs. The new method employed the ability of chelating agent (High pH EDTA, HEDTA) to sequester metal ions in solution and prevent also any solid precipitates in the reservoir. The widely available sea water will be used without any desulphonation processes since there will be no tendency to interact with the formation brine. Coreflooding experiments were performed using carbonate core outcrops at high temperature and different chelating agents' forms and concentrations were used in the flooding process. The results of the coreflooding experiments showed that up to 20% of the original oil in place (OOIP) can be produced by injecting about six pore volumes of 5 wt% chelating-agent/sea water solutions. The increased recovery can be attributed to the dissolution of the carbonate rock surface and liberation of the oil attached to it and in the same time a reduction in the IFT due to the high pH injected fluid (pH=13).
In Vitro to in Vivo Translation of Allosteric Modulator Concentration-Effect Relationships: Implications for Drug Discovery (2019)

Allosteric modulation of GPCRs represents an increasingly explored approach in drug development. Due to complex pharmacology, however, the relationship(s) between modulator properties determined <i>in vitro</i> with <i>in vivo</i> concentration-effect phenomena is frequently unclear. We investigated key pharmacological properties of a set of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu<sub>5</sub>) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) and their relevance to <i>in vivo</i> concentration-response relationships. These studies identified a significant relationship between <i>in vitro</i> PAM cooperativity (αβ), as well as the maximal response obtained from a simple <i>in vitro</i> PAM concentration-response experiment, with <i>in vivo</i> efficacy for reversal of amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion. This correlation did not exist with PAM potency or affinity. Data across PAMs were then converged to calculate an <i>in vivo</i> concentration of glutamate putatively relevant to the mGlu<sub>5</sub> PAM mechanism of action. This work demonstrates the ability to merge <i>in vitro</i> pharmacology profiles with relevant behavioral outcomes and also provides a novel method to estimate neurotransmitter concentrations <i>in vivo</i>.
Direct growth of hexagonal InN films on 6H-SiC by radio-frequency metal-organic molecular-beam epitaxy (2011)

Wurtzite InN films were prepared on a 6H-SiC substrate by a self-designed plasma-assisted metal-organic molecular-beam epitaxy system without a buffer layer. In this article, the authors investigate the structural and optical properties of InN films grown on a 6H-SiC substrate. The crystallinity and microstructure of the thin film were further characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning-electron microscopy, and transmission-electron microscopy. Electrical and optical properties were evaluated by Hall and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. XRD results indicate that InN film grown at 500 °C is epitaxially grown along the c-axis orientation. The two-dimensional growth mode is clearly shown in scanning-electron microscope images. Room-temperature PL spectra show that the emission peak is located at ∼0.83 eV due to the Burstein–Moss effect. In addition, the crystalline InN samples crack and peel away from the substrate at elevated growth temperature. This phenomenon may be attributed to lattice mismatch and grain coalescence while increasing the growth temperature. The narrow window of the growth temperature plays an important role in engineering the InN epitaxial growth.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Enzymes in the Synthesis of Bioactive Polyols (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Theory of Fractional Order Elements Based Impedance Matching Networks (2011)

Fractional order circuit elements (inductors and capacitors) based impedance matching networks are introduced for the first time. In comparison to the conventional integer based L-type matching networks, fractional matching networks are much simpler and versatile. Any complex load can be matched utilizing a single series fractional element, which generally requires two elements for matching in the conventional approach. It is shown that all the Smith chart circles (resistance and reactance) are actually pairs of completely identical circles. They appear to be single for the conventional integer order case, where the identical circles completely overlap each other. The concept is supported by design equations and impedance matching examples.
Complex text processing by the temporal context machines (2009)

It is largely unknown how the brain deals with time. Hidden Markov model (HMM) has a probability based mechanism to deal with time warping, but no effective online method exists that can deal with general active temporal abstraction. By online, we mean that the agent must respond to spatial and temporal context immediately while a sensory stream flows in. By general active temporal context, we mean active (learned) attention selects desirable temporal subsets within a dynamic length of recent history (e.g., beyond bigrams and trigrams). By temporal abstraction, we mean using abstract meaning of context, supervised at the motor end, instead of iconic forms. This paper reports four experiments of complex text processing using the framework of a general-purpose developmental spatiotemporal agent called Temporal Context Machines (TCM), demonstrating its power of forming online, active, abstract, temporal contexts. We show that it perfectly (100%) solved a hypothetic problem called New Sentence Problem - after the TCM has learned synonyms under the corresponding contexts, it successfully recognized all possible new sentences (formed from the synonyms) that it has not learned. We show the TCM dealt with the Word Sense Disambiguation Problem where words are ambiguous without context. TCMs were also applied to the Part-of-Speech Problem, where the part of speech of the words in English language is identified according to contexts. In the fourth experiment, TCMs were employed to deal with the challenging Chunking Problem, in which subsequences of words are grouped and classified according to English linguistic units.
Scalable data naming for application level framing in reliable multicast (1998)

Article Scalable data naming for application level framing in reliable multicast Share on Authors: Suchitra Raman Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley Department of EECS, University of California, BerkeleyView Profile , Steven McCanne Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley Department of EECS, University of California, BerkeleyView Profile Authors Info & Claims MULTIMEDIA '98: Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on MultimediaSeptember 1998 Pages 391–400https://doi.org/10.1145/290747.290808Online:01 September 1998Publication History 20citation384DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads384Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Nouvelle réaction domino-multicomposés pour la synthèse totalement régiosélective de pyridines hautement fonctionnalisées (2010)

Au cours de cette etude, nous nous sommes interesses a la mise au point d’une nouvelle reaction domino-multicomposes initiee par une addition de Michael et induite par les tamis moleculaires, pour la synthese totalement regioselective de pyridines hautement fonctionnalisees. Ainsi, la mise en jeu d’un compose 1,3-dicarbonyle non substitue en position 2, d’un accepteur de Michael et d’acetate d’ammonium conduit en une seule operation a une large panoplie de pyridines mono- et polycycliques polysubstituees. Cette sequence multicomposes s’inscrit dans le cadre de la chimie pour le developpement durable qui est actuellement une des preoccupations majeures des chimistes organiciens. Apres optimisation, nous avons generalise l’application de la methodologie a de nombreux substrats permettant l’acces a des motifs tres interessants dans le domaine pharmaceutique tels que des derives de nicotinamide ou bien de 4-azafluorenone. La methode initiale ne permet pas de substituer la position 4 de la pyridine, mais ce verrou a pu etre leve par l’emploi d’accepteurs de Michael actives, les α-cetocarbonyles, combines a des conditions operatoires oxydantes. L’exploitation de ces substrats a dans le meme temps permis d’engendrer une grande diversite fonctionnelle sur la position 2. Enfin, une application de cette strategie de synthese a l’elaboration d’atropoisomeres de pyridine a ete etudiee. Ce projet a ouvert une perspective attrayante dans l’optique de faire emerger de nouveaux ligands prometteurs.
Internet Naming and Discovery: Architecture and Economics (2012)

Naming is an integral building block within data networks and systems and is becoming ever more important as complex data-centric usage models emerge. Internet Naming and Discovery is timely in developing a unified model for studying the topic of naming and discovery. It details the architectural and economic tools needed for designing naming and discovery schemes within the broader context of internetwork architecture. Readers will find in this book a historic overview of the Internet and a comprehensive survey of the literature, followed by and an in-depth examination of naming and discovery. Specific topics covered include: formal definitions of name, address, identifier, locator, binding, routing, discovery, mapping, and resolution; a discussion of the properties of names and bindings, along with illustrative case studies; taxonomy that helps in organizing the solution space, and more importantly in identifying new avenues for contributing to the field; a general model for exploring the tradeoffs involved in designing discovery systems; an illustrative design exercise for differentiated discovery services; broad treatment of the main economic issues that arise in the context of discovery; and a game-theoretic incentive model for route distribution (and discovery) in the context of path-vector routing protocols (mainly BGP). Internet Naming and Discovery will be of great value to readers, including graduate students, engineers and computer scientists, theoreticians and practitioners, seeking a training in advanced networking, or specializing in computer and communications networks.
Hydraulic Fracturing from the Groundwater Perspective (2016)

This chapter focuses on hydraulic fracturing in the context of enhanced hydrocarbon recovery, and its implications on groundwater resources. The extraction of shale gas from formations with lower permeabilities compared to other rock formations has became economical with the emergence of relatively newer technologies such as hydraulic fracturing and precision drilling of wells. The extraction of shale gas using hydraulic fracturing has increased estimates of natural gas resources enormously in many countries, with an overall worldwide increase from 18 to 118 trillion cubic meters. Hydraulic fracturing artificially enhances fractures or cleans out non-water-producing veins that are clogged, thereby providing a clear transport pathway for groundwater flow into the well. The amounts of chemicals added to injection fluids define the maximum possible mass and concentrations of chemical additives that can be released to contaminate groundwater or otherwise impact the environment. Well stimulation and associated activities may result in the release of contaminants into the environment, including surface and groundwater resources.
History of Traction Power Control by Microprocessors (2005)

Treatment of MSU-1.1 cells, a near-diploid, karyotypically stable, infinite life-span human fibroblast strain, with (+-)-7 beta,8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene induced focus formation. Eight independent foci were isolated and the cell strains developed from them were examined for characteristics of malignant cells. Each grew to a higher density in medium containing 1% serum than did the MSU-1.1 cells. Three of the eight grew rapidly in serum-free medium without added growth factors, formed colonies in agarose with diameters of greater than or equal to 120 microns at a frequency of 5-19%, exhibited loss of genetic material, and, when injected into athymic mice, formed sarcomas that reached 6 mm in diameter within 2-3 wk. One produced high-grade sarcomas (progressively growing, invasive tumors exhibiting high mitotic activity); the other two produced low-grade sarcomas (tumors with a lower degree of mitotic activity) that developed focal areas of high-grade malignant cells if left in the animals for greater than 4 wk. A fourth cell strain formed high-grade sarcomas only after 2.5-3 mo, but the tumor-derived cells analyzed showed the same growth properties as the three malignant cell strains described above, exhibited loss of genetic material, and, when reinjected into athymic mice, produced high-grade sarcomas with a short latency period.
Catheter Ablation of Accessory Pathways: Technique and Results in 248 Patients (1990)

Two hundred and forty-eight patients with refractory arrhythmias related to an accessory pathway underwent catheter ablation. Cathodal shocks (160 to 240 joules) were delivered through the distal electrode of a standard catheter (usually a quadripolar electrode catheter with 5-mm interelectrode distances). A paddle electrode positioned opposite to the catheter served as the anode. Ablation of 24 right anteroseptal, 16 right parietal, 86 posteroseptal, 120 left parietal and four Mahaim pathways was clinically successful in eliminating symptomatic tachycardia in 236 patients (greater than 96%) over a follow-up of 3 to 64 months. There was no procedure-related death but two patients developed a ventricular fibrillation at the fifth and seventh day, respectively. The latter led to a sudden death since this side effect occurred after discharge. There were no instances of systemic embolus but one pericardial effusion required subxiphoid needle drainage 6 weeks after the procedure. Other complications included: AV block in four patients with posteroseptal and in one with a right anterior septal pathway. In conclusion, a successful clinical outcome may be achieved in most patients. Catheter ablation is an important alternative to cardiac surgery and in our opinion represents first-line treatment when therapy is required.
Using Glyphmaker to Create Customized Visualizations of Complex Data (1993)

Glyphmaker is a general approach to data visualization/analysis that allows users to easily build customized representations of multivariate data and then gives them interactive tools to explore the patterns in and relations between the data. It is built in a standard dataflow environment so that it can take advantage of the features and flexibility of dataflow visualization systems. The main part of Glyphmaker are the Data Reader, the 3D Glyph Editor, and the Glyph Binder. To test its capabilities and effectiveness, Glyphmaker is applied to analyze the results from a typically large scale computer simulation of a materials system. Glyphmaker is shown to be a general and quite effective approach for visualizing and analyzing multivariate, 3D data, especially data that evolves in time. It provides non-expert users with a quick and easy way to set up visualizations of complex data and then to refine the visualization, add to the set of variables depicted, and focus on regions of interest.
A Federated Discovery Service for the Internet of Things (2015)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emergent paradigm characterized by a plethora of smart objects connected to the Internet and collaborating with other physical and virtual resources available in the Web. The development of IoT systems faces important challenges such as the high dynamicity of IoT environments as well as the wide distribution and heterogeneity of the available resources. In this context, discovery services play a significant role as they can allow clients (e.g., middleware platforms, end-users, applications) to retrieve available resources based on search criteria such as resource type, capabilities, location, etc. Moreover, the high heterogeneity of these resources requires means of describing them in an unambiguous, machine-interpretable way. To cope with these functionalities, we propose ForwarDS-IoT, a federated discovery service aiming at providing resource discovery based on multiple attributes, range queries, and synchronous/asynchronous operations. ForwarDS-IoT also encompasses an ontology-based information model for semantically describing resources and IoT services. In this paper, we present the ForwarDS-IoT architecture and its information model as well as a prototype implementation.
Polybenzimidazole mediated N-doping along the inner and outer surfaces of a carbon nanofiber and its oxygen reduction properties (2012)

Nitrogen-doped (N-doped) hollow carbon nanofiber (CNF) was synthesized by incorporating a nitrogen containing polymer precursor, polybenzimidazole (PBI-BuI), in the inner cavity as well as on the outer walls of the CNF, followed by a high temperature treatment. PBI-BuI incorporation along the inner and outer surface of the CNF was accomplished by synthesizing a low molecular weight polymer by tuning the synthetic parameters. The solution concentration of the PBI-BuI is also varied to facilitate its entry into the CNF by capillary action. The high temperature treatment (700–1000 °C) of the resulting CNF–PBI material decomposes the polymer and induces N-doping along the inner and outer surfaces of the CNF. The initial PBI-BuI content and the annealing temperature are also systematically varied to choose the right combination of starting precursors and heat-treatment conditions. Detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the samples shows that pyridinic-type nitrogen is the major component in all the samples. Electrochemical characterizations of this material using cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc electrode studies and durability analysis demonstrated that this material can act as a metal-free oxygen reduction electrocatalyst with improved oxygen reduction kinetics and stability. It is also revealed that the onset potential, limiting current density, number of transferred electrons, etc. have a strong dependence on the annealing temperature.
A self-passivated Cu(Mg) gate electrode for an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor (2001)

The feasibility of using Cu(Mg) alloy film as a gate electrode for thin-film transistor (TFT) liquid crystal displays has been investigated. When pure Cu was used as a gate electrode, severe interdiffusion occurred between Cu and the gases SiH4, NH3, and CF4 during plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of a gate dielectric, SiNx, and dry etching of the SiNx. On the other hand, the deposition of a Cu(Mg) alloy film gives rise to the formation of a MgO/Cu bilayer structure with low Cu resistivity, good adhesion to SiO2, higher leakage current density, and excellent passivation capability. A hydrogenated amorphous silicon TFT with a MgO encapsulated Cu gate exhibited a gate voltage swing of 0.91 V/dec. and a threshold voltage of 6.8 V, resulting in a reduction of process steps and better performance.
Evaluation of SFF-based Scaffolds Seeded with Osteoblasts and HUVECs for Use in vivo Osteogenesis (2016)

We investigated the feasibility of using solid free-form fabrication (SFF)-based scaffolds seeded with osteoblasts, derived from human adipose-derived stem cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to enhance osteogenesis. To accomplish this goal, SFF-based polycaprolactone/poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds were fabricated using a multihead deposition system, which is one SFF technique. The blended polycaprolactone/poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid/TCP scaffolds were seeded with human osteoblasts and HUVECs and implanted into calvaria defects in rats. At 8 and 12 weeks after implantation, microcomputed tomography, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and histological assays(hematoxylin and eosin staining and Alizarin red staining) were conducted to determine the effects of SFF-based scaffolds on osteogenic potential. In vivo experiments indicated that the osteoblast-only and osteoblast-HUVEC group produced bone formation. Additionally, scaffolds in the osteoblast-HUVEC group had the largest area of new bone tissue. Therefore, we demonstrated through microcomputed tomography and histological assays that scaffolds seeded with both human osteoblasts and HUVECs were superior to other groups for effective bone formation.
024 Estradiol/Progesterone Oral Capsules Improved Vaginal Dryness in Women with Vasomotor Symptoms (VMS) with No Negative Effects on Desire (2020)

Oral 17β-estradiol/progesterone (E2/P4) capsules containing 1 mg E2/100 mg P4 reduced the frequency and severity of moderate to severe VMS and improved quality of life outcomes in postmenopausal women in the REPLENISH trial. The 1/100 E2/P4 dose was approved by the FDA as Bijuva® (TherapeuticsMD, Boca Raton, FL), for the treatment of moderate to severe VMS in postmenopausal women with a uterus.
Quadrupole interaction of positronium inα-quartz (2003)

Effective positronium $[\mathrm{Ps}{=(e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})]$ quadrupole interaction in $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-quartz has been observed using the Zeeman effect on Ps. In order to reduce sample dependence and to achieve a good resolution, the two-dimensional angular correlation of annihilation radiation technique has been used. The quadrupole coupling constant d in $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{quartz}$ has been determined to be $(3.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\mathrm{eV}.$