gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Remote Carrier Synchronization Technique for Coherent Distributed Remote Sensing Systems (2020)

Phase, frequency, and time synchronization are crucial requirements for many applications, such as multistatic remote sensing and communication systems. Moreover, the synchronization solution becomes even more challenging when the nodes are orbiting or flying on airborne or spaceborne platforms. This article compares the available technologies used for the synchronization and coordination of nodes in distributed remote sensing applications. Additionally, this article proposes a general system model and identifies preliminary guidelines and critical elements for implementing the synchronization mechanisms exploiting the intersatellite communication link. The distributed phase synchronization loop introduced in this work deals with the self-interference in a full-duplex point to point scenario by transmitting two carriers at each node. All carriers appear with different frequency offsets around a central frequency, called the application central-frequency or the beamforming frequency. This article includes a detailed analysis of the proposed algorithm and the required simulations to verify its performance for different phase noise, additive white Gaussian noise, and Doppler shift scenarios.
A 10 Gb/s adaptive equalizer with integrated clock and data recovery for optical transmission systems (2005)

A self-adaptive electronic equalizer with integrated clock and data recovery is presented. The capacity of the device to mitigate signal impairments at 10 Gb/s is demonstrated using three electrical channels having up to 3.5 unit intervals of intersymbol interference.
Processing Conditions for the Formation of Spider Silk Microspheres (2008)

Abstract Spider silk is a material consisting of very large (&gt;200 kDa) proteins and has a high potential for biomedical applications as a result of its biocompatibility and biodegradability. We report on the influence of physicochemical factors on structure formation of the engineered spider silk protein eADF4(C16), which mimics the known sequence of the dragline protein ADF4 from the spider Araneus diadematus. Under certain experimental conditions, eADF4(C16) forms stable microspheres that have been analyzed with respect to sphere size, size distribution, and surface inertness upon different preparation methods (dialysis, pipette and micromixing). As a result of their material strength, biocompatibility, and the possibility of functionalization, spider silk microspheres have a high potential for the development of targeted drug‐delivery systems.
Optical Interconnect with Densely Integrated Plasmonic Modulator and Germanium Photodetector Arrays (2016)

We demonstrate the first chip-to-chip interconnect utilizing a densely integrated plasmonic Mach-Zehnder modulator array operating at 3 × 10 Gbit/s.A multicore fiber provides a compact optical interface, while the receiver consists of germanium photodetectors.
Nanoparticles synthesis by magnetron based gas aggregation source (2016)

International audience
Clinical Significance of in - vitro MTF: Phenomenological Model (1992)

In 1965, Campbell and Green made use of the concept that the MTF of the human dioptric could be inferred from the ratio of sign-wave to interferometric contrast sensitivity measurements 1 . Below, we employ the same procedure, in reverse, to suggest a phenomenological algorithm for predicting the "clinical significance" (e.g., letter or sign-wave contrast sensitivity) of changes made to the human dioptric (e.g., multifocal IOL implant). This algorithm can also be used to predict the Through- Focus-Capability (acuity v.s. defocus), with the potential for studying expected changes with light intensity and object contrast. A comparison of predictions to early clinical data derived from Allergan's randomized AMO Array TM multifocal clinical study, demonstrates the plausibility of this approach.
Temperature dependence of critical currents and ac transport losses in (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oxand YBa2Cu3Oytapes (2007)

The critical currents and self-field ac losses of YBa2Cu3Oy coated conductors and (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes were measured at several temperatures between 45 K and the respective critical temperature. The temperature dependence of ac losses was measured at 50 Hz using the lock-in method for a transport current. The frequency dependence of ac loss was measured at 55 K for transport current frequencies from 25 to 400 Hz. The results show that variation of ac transport loss as a function of normalized critical current is nearly the same at all temperatures in the measured temperature range for both YBa2Cu3Oy and (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes. The temperature dependence of the loss factor, however, is different for (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox and YBa2Cu3Oy tapes because of the ferromagnetic loss in the NiW-based coated conductor substrate. Similarities and differences in the temperature and frequency dependence of ac transport losses between (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox and YBa2Cu3Oy tapes are discussed.
Characterization of the interplay between the main factors contributing to lipoplex‐mediated transfection in cell cultures (2007)

Transfection efficiency of lipoplex-mediated gene delivery is multifactorial. However, the mode of interaction between the factors which affect transfection is not fully understood. To help fill this deficiency we evaluated the effect of the interplay between several variables that affect transfection efficiency in cell cultures. For this, we applied the Analysis of Variance Model with Fixed Effects and Repeated Measures to assess the data. The variables studied include: two different genes, Luc, and human growth hormone (hGH), in three different plasmids (two of which contain the luciferase (Luc) gene, but different promoter-enhancer regions (CMV and H19) and one plasmid coding hGH with a S16 promoter); three topoisoforms of pDNA (supercoiled (SC), open circular (OC), and closed circular (CC)); three cationic lipid compositions, all based on the monocationic lipid DOTAP (100% DOTAP, DOTAP/DOPE 1 : 1, and DOTAP/cholesterol 1 : 1, all ratios are mole ratios); two DNA-/L+ charge ratios (0.2 and 0.5); and two cell lines (NIH 3T3 and MBT-2). Our statistical analysis confirmed that the cell type, the gene used for transfection, the promoter type, the type of helper lipid, and DNA-/DOTAP+ charge ratio, all affect transfection efficiency in a statistically significant manner. The most efficient lipoplex formulation in both cell lines was that based on DOTAP (without helper lipid), having CC plasmid DNA. We suggest that for obtaining the most transfection-efficient lipoplex one should select the best topoisoform of pDNA for each particular cell type, and complex it with cationic liposomes having optimal lipid composition.
Effects of Dielectric Relaxation on the Dynamics and Dielectric Heating of Nematic Liquid Crystals (2008)

Abstract We present recent experimental and theoretical results that link the phenomenon of dielectric relaxation in nematic liquid crystals to their fast electro-optical switching and to the problem of dielectric heating. We develop the theoretical model that allows one to relate director reorientation to the “history” of the electric field. We present an experiment that is well described by the proposed theory but which cannot be described within the classic model of an instantaneous response. We also analyze the effect of dielectric heating that is especially profound at the frequencies corresponding to dielectric relaxation. Keywords: dielectric heatingdielectric relaxationdielectric torquedual frequency nematic liquid crystalsorientational dynamics Acknowledgments We acknowledge the support of NSF Grants DMR 0315523 and 0504516 and DOE grant DE-FG02-06ER 46331; Y. Y. acknowledges the support of Samsung Electronics Corporation through the Samsung Scholarship at the Liquid Crystal Institute/Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, KSU; we thank O.P. Pishnyak for the measurements of refractive indices.
Commercially Available Flavonols Are Better SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors than Isoflavone and Flavones (2022)

Despite the fast development of vaccines, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still circulating and generating variants of concern (VoC) that escape the humoral immune response. In this context, the search for anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds is still essential. A class of natural polyphenols known as flavonoids, frequently available in fruits and vegetables, is widely explored in the treatment of different diseases and used as a scaffold for the design of novel drugs. Therefore, herein we evaluate seven flavonoids divided into three subclasses, isoflavone (genistein), flavone (apigenin and luteolin) and flavonol (fisetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and quercetin), for COVID-19 treatment using cell-based assays and in silico calculations validated with experimental enzymatic data. The flavonols were better SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors than isoflavone and flavones. The increasing number of hydroxyl groups in ring B of the flavonols kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin decreased the 50% effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) value due to their impact on the orientation of the compounds inside the target. Myricetin and fisetin appear to be preferred candidates; they are both anti-inflammatory (decreasing TNF-α levels) and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 mainly by targeting the processability of the main protease (M<sup>pro</sup>) in a non-competitive manner, with a potency comparable to the repurposed drug atazanavir. However, fisetin and myricetin might also be considered hits that are amenable to synthetic modification to improve their anti-SARS-CoV-2 profile by inhibiting not only M<sup>pro</sup>, but also the 3'-5' exonuclease (ExoN).
Production of butyrate and caproate from a coculture of Sporomusa ovataand Clostridium kluyveri during MES (2014)

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is the process in which microorganisms use electrons derivedfrom an electrode to reduce carbon dioxide via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway to form organiccompounds. S. ovata, a Gram-negative acetogenic bacterium is the best electrotroph organismreported to date. The lack of a genetic system for S. ovata represents an obstacle that hampersengineering of this organism for the production of organic compounds other than acetate by MES.In this study, we attempted to produce longer and valuable compounds during MES by deploying acoculture of S. ovata and C. kluyveri to bypass the lack of genetic tools. S. ovata is able to produceethanol and acetate while C. kluyveri uses these two compounds as carbon source and producesbutyrate and caproate.The first step was to optimize the growth medium for S. ovata to increase ethanol production. Theeffect of trace metal ions such as SeO4- and WO4-, as well as Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Fe2+ on growthand ethanol production was investigated. Growth and ethanol production under autotrophicconditions (H2/CO2) were improved by increasing tungstate and nickel (WO4- and Ni2+)concentrations in the medium. The coculture S. ovata and C. kluyveri was thereafter tested underautotrophic condition (H2/CO2) using the optimised medium. A maximum of 6.0 mM and 2.0 mMof butyrate and caproate, respectively were produced after 18 days of incubation. In MES, onlytraces of butyrate were detected after 20 days. These results suggest that the amount of ethanolproduced in MES by S. ovata is not sufficient to support C. kluyveri growth; butyrate and caproateproduction. Further optimization of MES process is needed to increase ethanol production from S.ovata and subsequently increase butyrate and caproate production from C. kluyveri.
Wheel Slip Control for Antilock Braking Systems Using Brake-by-Wire Actuators (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes an approach of how to control the wheel slip of a vehicle using brake-by-wire actuators. The advantage of brake-by-wire actuators - such as the electro-hydraulic (EHB) and the electro-mechanical brake (EMB) - is that the caliper pressure or the clamping force, respectively, are known. It will be shown by measurement results that the wheels of a research vehicle equipped with an EHB system and the new control approach can be kept at any desired wheel slip on different surfaces, i.e. ice, snow, and dry asphalt.&lt;/div&gt;
Hyphenation of Quadrupole MS to GC and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional GC for the Analysis of Suspected Allergens: Review and Improvement (2004)

This survey reviews papers that have been previously published on the quantitative analysis of suspected allergens. The routine gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) method allows their evaluation in most fragrances, but the application of an automated data treatment sometimes leads to over- or underestimations when target compounds are coeluted or shifted because of the presence of other fragrance ingredients. In such cases, an appropriate retreatment of data generated by the routine analysis is proposed to better estimate these shifted or coeluted peaks. A second and more sophisticated approach, based on comprehensive bidimensional GC hyphenated to quadrupole MS, overcomes coelution problems. However, its use is still time consuming because of the lack of a commercial program. In this work, a software prototype is tested to reprocess the data. It dramatically shortens the data treatment and offers good quantitative results.
Ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate (2012)

We present a MEMS-based electrostatic actuator on a flexible substrate, made of Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN), which emits acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies, aiming for an ultrasound microdevice for equipment inspection. The actuator has a suspended diaphragm, made of parylene, of 2–6 mm diameter and a 6 μm gap between the diaphragm and substrate. A single actuator emits ultrasonic waves at 25 kHz, and pressure of 27 dB SPL (sound pressure level) and a 1 × 2 array emits up to 34.6 dB SPL at 1 cm distance.
Synergetic Control of Three-Phase AC-AC Current-Source Converter Employing Monolithic Bidirectional 600 V GaN Transistors (2021)

AC-AC current-source converters (CSCs) are an interesting alternative to the widely-used voltage-source converters for next-generation motor drive applications, as they inherently feature continuous output voltages and minimum filter effort. This mitigates issues such as reflections on long motor cables, high-frequency motor losses, the need for expensive shielded motor cables, and common-mode currents that damage motor bearings. In this paper, we first propose a new synergetic control for an AC-AC CSC that always operates either the front-end rectifier or the output-side inverter stage with one phase clamped, reducing switching losses compared to conventional modulation that continuously operates all three phases. We then provide calorimetric switching loss measurements of a novel 600 V, 140 mW monolithic bidirectional GaN transistor, and model the impact of the third, passive switch present in CSC commutation cells on switching losses. This facilitates a subsequent quantitative performance evaluation of an exemplary AC-AC CSC motor drive that employs the GaN M-BDS and operates from a 200 V three-phase mains. For a nominal motor power of 1.5 kW and a required AC-AC semiconductor efficiency of 98 %, a conventionally controlled CSC can operate with a switching frequency of 48 kHz, whereas the proposed synergetic control enables twice the switching frequency, i.e., 96 kHz and accordingly facilitates a significant volume reduction of the DC-link inductor and the input and output side filter capacitors.
Navigating in unfamiliar geometric terrain (1991)

Article Free Access Share on Navigating in unfamiliar geometric terrain Authors: Avrim Blum Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Prabhakar Raghavan IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Baruch Schieber IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '91: Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of ComputingJanuary 1991Pages 494–504https://doi.org/10.1145/103418.103419Published:03 January 1991Publication History 69citation523DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations69Total Downloads523Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Single- and double- lumen silicone breast implant integrity: prospective evaluation of MR and US criteria. (1995)

MR imaging depicts implant integrity more accurately than US; neither method reliably depicts minimal leakage with shell collapse. Mammography is useful in screening bilumen implant integrity.
A systematic comparison of current bioinformatic tools for glycoproteomics data (2022)

Abstract Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications and generates an enormous amount of proteomic diversity; changes in glycosylation are associated with nearly all disease states. Intact glycoproteomics seeks to determine the site-localization and composition of glycans along a protein backbone via mass spectrometry. Following data acquisition, raw files are analyzed using search algorithms to define peptide sequence, glycan composition, and site localization. Glycoproteomics is rapidly expanding, creating the pressing need to establish bioinformatic community standards. Recently, several new search algorithms were released, many of which vary in terms of search strategy, localization system, score cutoffs, and glycan databases, thus warranting a comprehensive comparison of these new programs along with existing programs. Here, we analyzed three common samples: an enriched cell lysate, a mixture of 6 glycoproteins, and a mucin-domain glycoprotein. All raw files were searched with comparable parameters among software and the results were extensively manually validated to compare accuracy and completion of the output. Our results highlight the continued need for manual validation of glycopeptide spectral matches, especially for O-glycopeptides. Despite this, O-Pair outperformed all other programs in correct identification of O-glycopeptides and its localization system proved to be useful. On the other hand, Byonic and pGlyco performed best for N-glycoproteomics; the former was best for proteome-wide searches, but the latter identified more N-glycosites in less complex samples. Overall, we summarize the strengths, weaknesses, and potential improvements for these search algorithms. TOC Figure
Effect of High NH3Input Partial Pressure on Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy of InN Using Nitrided (0001) Sapphire Substrates (2013)

The influence of the source gas supply sequence prior to growth and the NH 3 input partial pressure ( P o NH3 ) on the nucleation of InN islands during the initial stages of hydride vapor phase epitaxy on a nitrided (0001) sapphire substrate was investigated. The crystalline quality of the InN layer after subsequent lateral growth was also examined. When NH 3 was flowed prior to growth, single-crystal hexagonal InN islands formed. When InN was grown with a higher P o NH3 , the number of InN islands decreased remarkably while their diameter increased. The crystalline quality of InN grown on the hexagonal islands with a high P o NH3 significantly improved with increasing growth time. A strong PL spectrum was observed only from InN layers grown with a high P o NH3 . It was thus revealed that an NH 3 preflow and a high P o NH3 are effective for producing InN with high crystalline quality and good optical and electrical properties.
cANCA test and the detection of Wegener's disease in sclerokeratitis and uveitis (1990)

Ocular signs and symptoms may be the initial signs of systemic or limited Wegener's granulomatosis. The diagnosis is difficult to make on ophthalmic manifestations alone, because clinical and histopathological markers are not specific enough. By means of the cANCA serum test it is possible to make the diagnosis in an early stage and to prevent more disastrous complications. The relation of cANCA titre and the clinical and histopathological findings of five patients with an acute or chronic Wegener's granulomatosis are discussed.
Transcriptome-based determination of multiple transcription regulator activities in Escherichia coli by using network component analysis (2003)

Cells adjust gene expression profiles in response to environmental and physiological changes through a series of signal transduction pathways. Upon activation or deactivation, the terminal regulators bind to or dissociate from DNA, respectively, and modulate transcriptional activities on particular promoters. Traditionally, individual reporter genes have been used to detect the activity of the transcription factors. This approach works well for simple, non-overlapping transcription pathways. For complex transcriptional networks, more sophisticated tools are required to deconvolute the contribution of each regulator. Here, we demonstrate the utility of network component analysis in determining multiple transcription factor activities based on transcriptome profiles and available connectivity information regarding network connectivity. We used Escherichia coli carbon source transition from glucose to acetate as a model system. Key results from this analysis were either consistent with physiology or verified by using independent measurements.
How people recall, recognize, and reuse search results (2008)

When a person issues a query, that person has expectations about the search results that will be returned. These expectations can be based on the current information need, but are also influenced by how the searcher believes the search engine works, where relevant results are expected to be ranked, and any previous searches the individual has run on the topic. This paper looks in depth at how the expectations people develop about search result lists during an initial query affect their perceptions of and interactions with future repeat search result lists. Three studies are presented that give insight into how people recall, recognize, and reuse results. The first study (a study of recall ) explores what people recall about previously viewed search result lists. The second study (a study of recognition ) builds on the first to reveal that people often recognize a result list as one they have seen before even when it is quite different. As long as those aspects that the searcher remembers about the initial list remain the same, other aspects can change significantly. This is advantageous because, as the third study (a study of reuse ) shows, when a result list appears to have changed, people have trouble re-using the previously viewed content in the list. They are less likely to find what they are looking for, less happy with the result quality, more likely to find the task hard, and more likely to take a long time searching. Although apparent consistency is important for reuse, people's inability to recognize change makes consistency without stagnation possible. New relevant results can be presented where old results have been forgotten, making both old and new content easy to find.