gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of pulse sequences for freehand ARFI imaging (2011)

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging techniques can be used to non-invasively evaluate the relative stiffness of tissue; potentially aiding in the identification of stiff cancerous lesions or vulnerable soft lipid filled plaques in vasculature. In this work, we developed several pulse sequences that implement conventional B-mode interleaved with ARFI imaging for various frame rates and scan durations (ranging from 20 fps for 1 sec to 1 fps for 90 seconds). On-axis displacement estimates were calculated using a GPU processor for faster computation times. The clinical feasibility of the proposed pulse sequences was evaluated on the basis of transducer face heating, ISPTA, MI, and the observed spatial and temporal consistency of images acquired in vivo. Transducer face heating was <;2°C and FDA acoustic exposure limits were not exceeded. In phantoms, image degradation during a freehand swept scan is shown to be dependent upon the sonographer. In vivo multi-frame movie sequences showed consistent measurements of on-axis displacements across multiple frames and acquisitions. Overall data acquisition, processing, and display frame rates of 1.0 Hz were achieved, allowing for low frame rate sequences to provide feedback information during the swept scan.
ChemInform Abstract: peri‐Directed 7‐Substitution in η6‐Indoletricarbonylchromium(0) Complexes. (1990)

Abstract 7‐Substituted indoles such as (IV), (VIII), (XI) and (XIII) are prepared by the lithiation‐electrophilic quenching of the 1‐substituted indole complexes (I), (VI), (IX) and (XII).
On the Security of Fresh Re-keying to Counteract Side-Channel and Fault Attacks. (2015)

schemes to counter side-channel and fault attacks were introduced. The idea behind those schemes is to shift the main burden of side-channel protection to a re-keying function g that is easier to protect than the main block cipher. This function produces new session keys based on the secret master key and random nonces for every block of message that is encrypted. In this paper, we present a generic chosen-plaintext key-recovery attack on both fresh re-keying schemes. The attack is based on two observations: Since session key collisions for the same message are easy to detect, it is possible to recover one session key with a simple time-memory trade-off strategy; and if the re-keying function is easy to invert (such as the suggested multiplication constructions), the attacker can use the session key to recover the master key. The attack has a com-plexity of about 2 · 2n/2 (instead of the expected 2n) for an n-bit key. For the typically employed block cipher AES-128, this would result in a key-recovery attack complexity of only 265. If weaker primitives like 80-bit PRESENT are used, even lower attack complexities are possible.
Reversible high pressure sp2–sp3transformations in carbon (2007)

The most striking aspect of the high pressure behaviour of carbon is its tendency to rehybridize from sp or sp2 bonding towards sp3 bonding. Rehybridization of graphite under high-pressure–high–temperature conditions is well–known and exploited in the commercial synthesis of diamond abrasives. The transformation to the thermodynamically stable cubic diamond phase is greatly aided by the presence of a catalyst, such as iron or nickel. In the absence of catalyst, hexagonal or lonsdaleite diamond is formed 1–3 Yagi, T, Utsumi, WYamakata, M. 1992. Phys. Rev. B, 46: 6031 Aust, RB and Drickamer, HG. 1963. Science, 140: 817 Bundy, FP and Kasper, JS. 1967. J. Chem. Phys., 46: 3437 , illustrating the possibilities for synthesis of thermodynamically metastable phases during carbon transformations. We have research interests in the metastable materials formed by compression of solids and molecules containing carbon and hydrogen storage in carbon. Here we review a longstanding unsolved problem, the nature of the sp3 bonded “transparent phase” of carbon 4 Utsumi, W and Yagi, T. 1991. Science, 252: 1542[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], as well as speculate regarding the possibilities for exploiting reversible sp2–sp3 bonding transformations in carbon based hydrogen storage materials.
Reverse geometry replacement (2011)

♦ RSR provides a unique tool for patients with cuff tear arthropathy ♦ RSR is a useful tool for fractures, tumours, and revision of shoulder replacements ♦ However RSR comes with specific complications such as scapular notching and acromial fractures ♦ The 10 year results of RSR show that prosthetic loosening is no more frequent than with anatomical prostheses.
Sorbents (2016)

Abstract Endotoxin: Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and an outer membrane molecule essential for virtually all Gram-negative bacteria. It is generally considered a major causative agent in Gram-negative bacteria infection-related shock state. LPS will bind to LPS-binding protein(LBP) and be transferred to bind to surface molecule CD14 when it enters into blood, presented in aggregate form or monomeric form. The signal of LPS combination with CD14 will be relayed by toll-like receptor(TCR) to activate the nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) and produce multiple cytokines.
Toward All-Ceramic Solid State Lithium Battery: Hot-Pressing Nasicon Electrolyte (2020)

In this presentation we show the influence of pressure during the hot sintering stage on the ionic conductivity of the lithium super ionic conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) as electrolyte for solid state lithium battery 1 . A new method is developed to obtain high ionic conductivities at only 650 °C by applying pressure (56 MPa) instead of standard 850-900°C. Considering the possible decomposition reactions when cathode materials are annealed at high temperature (typically ≥700 °C), the use of high pressure at 650 °C can significantly limit the formation of side-products. In this presentation we show the criteria required to optimize the pressure and temperature parameters for enhancing the total ionic conductivity. Finally, this study reports an all solid-state battery based on a LiFePO4 olivine cathode prepared at 650 °C showing very good Li-intercalation/deintercalation performance. Good ionic interfacial contact is achieved without using polymer and liquid electrolyte at the positive electrode. 1 Paolella et al. Advanced Materials Interfaces , 2020, Just Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1002/admi.202000164 Figure 1
Products of Vitamin D3 or 7-Dehydrocholesterol Metabolism by Cytochrome P450scc Show Anti-Leukemia Effects, Having Low or Absent Calcemic Activity (2010)

We identified novel secosteroids that are excellent candidates for anti-leukemia therapy with 20(OH)D3 deserving special attention because of its relatively high potency and lack of calcemic activity.
Labeling of Anti-MUC-1 Binding Single Chain Fv Fragments to Surface Modified Upconversion Nanoparticles for an Initial in Vivo Molecular Imaging Proof of Principle Approach (2012)

In vivo optical Imaging is an inexpensive and highly sensitive modality to investigate and follow up diseases like breast cancer. However, fluorescence labels and specific tracers are still works in progress to bring this promising modality into the clinical day-to-day use. In this study an anti-MUC-1 binding single-chain antibody fragment was screened, produced and afterwards labeled with newly designed and surface modified NaYF(4):Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles as fluorescence reporter constructs. The MUC-1 binding of the conjugate was examined in vitro and in vivo using modified state-of-the-art small animal Imaging equipment. Binding of the newly generated upconversion nanoparticle based probe to MUC-1 positive cells was clearly shown via laser scanning microscopy and in an initial proof of principal small animal optical imaging approach.
New 3 liter inline-6 Toyota engine with high output torque, good fuel economy and low noise, vibration levels; Koseino, teinenpi L6 gasoline engine no kaihatsu (1996)

This paper describes the improvement of the 2JZ-GE engine for the higher FR vehicles. The principal object of the improvement was to enhance torque in low/medium engine speed, fuel economy and quietness of the engine. For the improvement of the torque and fuel consumption, the method of variable valve mechanism was examined; as a result, a continuous variable valve timing mechanism was employed on the basis of the effects obtained and the simpleness of the structure. This mechanism was constituted of an electronic control unit (ECU) for computing the optimum valve timing in accordance with the operating conditions of the engine, oil control valve for controlling oil pressure by a command from ECU, and VVT pulley for continuously varying the timing of the intake valve hydraulically. The driving of the VVT pulley was simply structured through the common use of the engine oil pump. In addition, an intake air cooling system was employed in order to suppress rise in the intake air temperature caused by the heat of the engine room, aiming to attain improvement in antiknock property and engine performance. 13 figs., 2 tabs.
Sectioning the medial patellofemoral ligament alters patellofemoral joint kinematics and contact mechanics (2013)

Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) disruption may alter patellofemoral joint (PFJ) kinematics and contact mechanics, potentially causing pain and joint degeneration. In this controlled laboratory study, we investigated the hypothesis that MPFL transection would change patellar tracking and PFJ contact pressures and increase the distance between the attachment points of the MPFL. Eight fresh frozen dissected cadaveric knees were mounted in a rig with the quadriceps and ITB loaded to 205 N. An optical tracking system measured joint kinematics, and pressure sensitive film between the patella and trochlea measured PFJ contact pressures. Length patterns of the distance between the femoral and patellar attachments of the MPFL were measured using a suture led to a linear displacement transducer. Measurements were repeated with the MPFL intact and following MPFL transection. A significant increase in the distance between the patellar and femoral MPFL attachment points was noted following transection (p < 0.05). MPFL transection resulted in significantly increased lateral translation and lateral tilt of the patella in early flexion (p < 0.05). Peak and mean medial PFJ contact pressures were significantly reduced and peak lateral contact pressures significantly elevated in early knee flexion following MPFL transection (p < 0.05). MPFL transection resulted in significant alterations to PFJ tracking and contact pressures, which may affect articular cartilage health.
T cells reactive with HLA‐A*0201 peptides from the histone demethylase JARID1B are found in the circulation of breast cancer patients (2010)

The nuclear protein PLU-1/JARID1B/KDM5 is widely expressed in breast cancers while showing highly restricted expression in normal adult tissues. To investigate whether JARID1B is a potential target antigen for immunotherapy of breast cancer, we have analyzed the responses of CD8(+) T cells to JARID1B HLA-A*0201 peptides in vitro and used peptide multimers to detect the presence of JARID1B reactive T cells in the circulation of breast cancer patients. Peptides were selected using two web-based algorithms: criteria for inclusion being a high score in both prediction algorithms, and nonhomology with retinoblastoma binding protein-2 (RBP2/JARID1A/KDM5A). A 65-peptide panel was selected and assayed for binding strength by competition assay to obtain the IC(50). The immunogenicity in vitro of these peptides was assessed by T cell stimulation experiments, using autologous dendritic cells as APCs in the first rounds followed by autologous lymphoblasts. Fourteen of the peptides assayed produced cultures having >2% of the CD8(+) cells being IFN-γ(+) after 3-6 rounds of stimulation. An HLA-A*0201 cell line could activate the specific T cells if pulsed with peptide, but endogenous peptide levels were insufficient for activation. Nevertheless, multimer staining of circulating T cells from breast cancer patients showed a significantly higher percentage of multimer positive CD8(+) T cells, as compared to healthy adults for two of three JARID1B epitopes tested. One of these, peptide 73 (QLYALPCVL), was analyzed for memory phenotype, and found to have a significantly higher proportion of central memory T cells than the control group, demonstrating a previous exposure to the peptide.
Thermodynamic Stability and Kinetic Inertness of MS-325, a New Blood Pool Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2001)

Stability constants were measured for complexes formed between a modified DTPA ligand and the metal ions Gd(III), Eu(III), Fe(III), Ca(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) at 25 degrees C in 0.1 M NaClO4. The gadolinium complex of this ligand is MS-325, a novel blood pool contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging currently undergoing clinical trials. Stability constants were determined by 4 different methods: direct pH titration, pH titration with competition by EDTA, competition with DTPA using an HPLC-MS detection system, and competition with Eu(III) by monitoring equilibrium by luminescence spectroscopy. The 1:1 stability constants, log beta101, are the following: Gd, 22.06 (23.2 in 0.1 M Me4NCl); Eu, 22.21; Fe, 26.66; Ca, 10.45; Cu, 21.3; Zn, 17.82. The exchange kinetics of the Gd complex, MS-325, with the radioactive tracer (152,154)Eu were studied at 25 degrees C in 0.1 M NaClO4. The exchange reaction has acid-dependent and acid-independent terms. The rate expression is given by the following: R = k(a)[GdL][H]2 + kb[GdL][Gd][H] + kc[GdL][Gd]. The rate constants were determined to be the following: k(a) = 1.84 x 10(6) M(-2) x min(-1), kb = 2.87 x 10(3) M(-2) x min(-1), kc = 3.72 x 10(-3) M(-1) x min(-1). MS-325 is 2-3 times more stable than GdDTPA at pH 7.4 and is 10-100 times more kinetically inert.
Near-Infrared Laser-Annealed IZO Flexible Device as a Sensitive H2S Sensor at Room Temperature (2020)

A metal-oxide material (indium zinc oxide [IZO]) device with near-infrared (NIR) laser annealing was demonstrated on both glass and bendable plastic substrates (polycarbonate, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate). After only 60 s, the sheet resistance of IZO films annealed with a laser was comparable to that of thermal-annealed devices at temperatures in the range of 200-300 °C (1 h). XPS, ATR, and AFM were used to investigate the changes in the sheet resistance and correlate them to the composition and morphology of the thin film. Finally, the NIR-laser-annealed IZO films were demonstrated to be capable of detecting changes in humidity and serving as a highly sensitive gas sensor of hydrogen sulfide (in ppb concentration), with room-temperature operation on a bendable substrate.
Chronic B‐cell lymphocytosis (1989)

Persistent elevation of lymphocyte counts is usually associated with a malignant monoclonal lymphoproliferative disease. Over the last 8 years, amongst patients investigated in our center for undetermined persistent lymphocytosis, a diagnosis of malignant lymphoproliferation was excluded in 6 cases as studies of surface membrane immunoglobulin light chains showed that they presented a polyclonal expansion of their B-lymphocyte pool. All patients were young-to-middle aged women presenting peculiar immunohematologic findings characterized by 1) persistent (2-7 yr) elevation of lymphocyte counts (4-14 x 10(9)/l), 2) presence of characteristic binucleated B cells on peripheral blood smears, 3) a normal bone marrow histology, 4) a polyclonal increase of serum IgM with low-to-normal IgG and IgA levels. Histologic examination of the spleen in 2 patients and lymph nodes in 1 showed a benign follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. The evolution was benign in every case. We suggest that chronic polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that should not be confused with malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.
mmBAC (2019)

Mobile cells are seen as an enabler of more flexible and elastic services for next-generation wireless networks, making it possible to provide ad hoc coverage in failure scenarios and scale up the network capacity during peak traffic hours and temporary events. When mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), mobile cells require a high-capacity, low-latency wireless backhaul. Although mmWaves can meet such data-rate demand, they suffer from high-latency link establishment, due to the need to transmit and receive with highly directional beams to compensate for the high isotropic path loss. In this paper, we review the benefits of side-information-aided beam management and present a GPS-aided beam tracking algorithm for UAV-based aerial cells. We prototype the proposed algorithm on a mmWave aerial link using a DJI M600 Pro and 60 GHz radios and prove its effectiveness in reducing the average link establishment latency by 66% with respect to state-of-the-art non-aided schemes.
Phase I Trial of Gefitinib in Combination With Radiation or Chemoradiation for Patients With Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer (2007)

Gefitinib (250 or 500 mg daily) was well tolerated with concomitant boost RT or concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly CDDP. Protracted administration of gefitinib for up to 2 years at 250 mg daily was also tolerated well.
Validation of Manufacturing Process Designs for Stamped Microchannel Recuperators (2022)

Microchannel recuperators can achieve high-efficiency power cycles and chemical reactions by recovering waste heat from hot turbine exhaust and chemical reaction streams. However, the industrial application of microchannel recuperators are restricted by the high cost of patterning and bonding. The objective of this study was thus to investigate new methods for producing microchannel recuperators for emerging markets. Based on greenfield cost estimates, process designs based on stamping, laser welding and vacuum brazing of 316L stainless steel laminae were found to be more economical than conventional photochemical machining and diffusion bonding. Subsequently, validation experiments were conducted to produce stamped microchannel components using cost model parameters. At a mass flow rate of 0.99 g/s, the test article made with laser welding was found to provide higher effectiveness than the test article produced using vacuum brazing. Preliminary investigations showed that residual stresses during laser welding of the laminae led to significant warpage, collapsing channels and making lamina-to-lamina fit up challenging. In contrast, the test article produced by vacuum brazing of stamped laminae showed no clogging and 4.6% and 10.5% channel height standard deviation for the cold and hot channels, respectively. Channel variation in the vacuum brazing sample was determined to be caused by misregistration of laminae during brazing. In future work, efforts are needed to choose cheaper, more ductile brazing foils as well as design a brazing fixture to improve lamina-to-lamina registration.
Measured Multi-User MIMO Capacity in Aircraft (2010)

The multipath richness typical of aircraft channels represents a potentially well-suited environment for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology (MU-MIMO). This paper presents results from measurements of the achievable MU-MIMO data rates in a Rockwell T-39 Sabreliner, using an open-source software-defined radio (SDR) test bed. We also compared the achievable capacity of dirty-paper coding (OPC) against time-division multiple access (TDMA) to illustrate the value of advanced MU-MIMO techniques in aircraft environments. Measured data was then compared against values obtained from a three-dimensional ray-tracing simulation. For transmitters located near the ends of the aircraft, the average error between simulated and measured capacity was on the order of 2% or less. For the more-centralized transmitter location, simulations predicted an average of 6% less capacity than what was actually measured.
A capacitance ultrasonic transducer for fast flowmeasurements in hot pulsating gases (2006)

A novel high-temperature resistant capacitance transducer is presented. It is designed for an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter (UFM) and meets two main requirements not fulfilled by common piezoelectric transducers. Firstly, a special construction, based on an oxidized and patterned silicon backplate combined with a metallic membrane, enables transducer operation at elevated gas temperatures of up to 600/spl deg/C. Secondly, the geometry and material parameters were chosen to obtain a broad-band device allowing for high signal slew rates and pulse repetition rates. As proven by measurements in a test bed environment, this new transducer is suitable for internal combustion engine exhaust flow measurements in between the catalytic converter and the end of the exhaust pipe. Preliminary results for the exhaust mass flow (up to 160 kg/h) of a typical automotive engine measured with these novel transducers are given and compared to the mass flow calculated from fuel consumption and air/fuel ratio (/spl lambda/).
The mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator VU0409551 improves synaptic plasticity and memory of a mouse model of Huntington's disease (2018)

Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by involuntary body movements, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric disorder. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) plays an important role in HD and we have recently demonstrated that mGluR5-positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) can ameliorate pathology and the phenotypic signs of a mouse model of HD. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in mGluR5 PAMs effect on memory. Our results demonstrate that subchronic treatment with the mGluR5 PAM VU0409551 was effective in reversing the memory deficits exhibited by BACHD mice, a mouse model for HD. Moreover, VU0409551 treatment stabilized mGluR5 at the cellular plasma membrane of BACHD mice, increasing the expression of several genes important for synaptic plasticity, including c-Fos, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Arc/Arg3.1, syntaxin 1A, and post-synaptic density-95. In addition, VU0409551 treatment also increased dendritic spine density and maturation and augmented the number of pre-synaptic sites. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that VU0409551 triggered the activation of cell signaling pathways important for synaptic plasticity, enhancing the level of dendritic spine maturation and rescuing BACHD memory impairment. OPEN PRACTICES: Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge. For more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
Contour integration: Psychophysical, neurophysiological, and computational perspectives (2014)

One of the important roles of our visual system is to detect and segregate objects. Neurons in the early visual system extract local image features from the visual scene. To combine these features into separate, global objects, the visual system must perform some kind of grouping operation. One such operation is contour integration. Contours form the outlines of objects, and are the first step in shape perception. We discuss the mechanism of contour integration from psychophysical, neurophysiological, and computational perspectives.