gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Geographic Variations on the Safety and Efficacy of the Supreme Biodegradable Polymer DES: Results From PIONEER III (2022)

Despite regional differences in patient characteristics, the clinical outcomes between Supreme DES and durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent in the PIONEER III trial were not different, supporting the generalizability and robustness of the findings from this multicenter controlled trial.
Fuel cell technology and applications (2003)

VOLUME 1: FUNDAMENTALS AND SURVEY OF SYSTEMS. Contributors to Volume 1. Foreword. Preface. Abbreviations and Acronyms. Part 1: Thermodynamics and kinetics of fuel cell reactions. Part 2: Mass transfer in fuel cells. Part 3: Heat transfer in fuel cells. Part 4: Fuel cell principles, systems and applications. Contents for Volumes 2, 3 and 4. Subject Index. VOLUME 2: ELECTROCATALYSIS. Contributors to Volume 2. Foreword. Preface. Abbreviations and Acronyms. Part 1: Introduction. Part 2: Theory of electrocatalysis. Part 3: Methods in electrocatalysis. Part 4: The hydrogen oxidation/evolution reaction. Part 5: The oxygen reduction/evolution reaction. Part 6: Oxidation of small organic molecules. Part 7: Other energy conversion related topics. Contents for Volumes 1, 3 and 4. Subject Index. VOLUME 3: FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS: PART 1. Contributors to Volumes 3 and 4. Foreword. Preface. Abbreviations and Acronyms. Part 1: Sustainable energy supply. Part 2: Hydrogen storage and hydrogen generation. Development prospects for hydrogen storage. Chemical hydrogen storage devices. Reforming of methanol and fuel processor development. Fuel processing from hydrocarbons to hydrogen. Well-to-wheel efficiencies. Hydrogen safety, codes and standards. Part 3: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell systems (PEMFC). Bipolar plate materials and flow field design. Membrane materials. Electro-catalysts. Membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA). State-of-the-art performance and durability. VOLUME 4: FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS, PART 2. Contributors to Volume 3 and 4. Foreword. Preface. Abbreviations and Acronyms. Part 3: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and systems (PEMFC) (Continued from previous volume). System design and system-specific aspects. Air-supply components. Applications based on PEM-technology. Part 4: Alkaline fuel cells and systems (AFC). Part 5: Phosphoric acid fuel cells and systems (PAFC). Part 6: Direct methanol fuel cells and systems (DMFC). Part 7: Molten carbonate fuel cells and systems (MCFC). Part 8: Solid oxide fuel cells and systems (SOFC). Materials. Stack and system design. New concepts. Part 9: Primary and secondary metal/air cells. Part 10: Portable fuel cell systems. Part 11: Current fuel cell propulsion systems. PEM fuel cell systems for cars/buses. PEM fuel cell systems for submarines. AFC fuel cell systems. Part 12: Electric utility fuel cell systems. Part 13: Future prospects of fuel cell systems. Contents for Volumes 1 and 2. Subject Index.
Do large structures control their own growth in a mixing layer? An assessment (1988)

This study makes a specific comparison between two different two-dimensional free shear layers: the T-layer which develops in time from an initial tangential velocity discontinuity separating the two half-spaces; and the S-layer which develops downstream of the origin where two uniform streams of unequal velocity are brought into tangential contact. The method of comparison is to assume that the vorticity of the S-layer is given parabolically by a Galilean mapping of that of the T-layer; to satisfy the appropriate boundary conditions in the S-layer and to compute the velocity induced at any point in the S-layer by its vorticity field; and to compare this velocity to that which can be derived from the velocity of the T-layer at corresponding points by a Galilean transformation of the velocity itself. The purpose of this calculation is to assess approximately how far the flow in the S-layer is from parabolic and, in particular, to what extent the perturbations induced upstream by large concentrations of vorticity found downstream are instrumental in hastening or retarding the subharmonic instability that leads to the formation of these large structures. The calculations suggest that this elliptic influence, or the feedback, in a mixing layer is relatively small, at least for small velocity ratios.
GoCo: planning expressive commitment protocols (2018)

This article addresses the challenge of planning coordinated activities for a set of autonomous agents, who coordinate according to social commitments among themselves. We develop a multi-agent plan in the form of a commitment protocol that allows the agents to coordinate in a flexible manner, retaining their autonomy in terms of the goals they adopt so long as their actions adhere to the commitments they have made. We consider an expressive first-order setting with probabilistic uncertainty over action outcomes. We contribute the first practical means to derive protocol enactments which maximise expected utility from the point of view of one agent. Our work makes two main contributions. First, we show how Hierarchical Task Network planning can be used to enact a previous semantics for commitment and goal alignment, and we extend that semantics in order to enact first-order commitment protocols. Second, supposing a cooperative setting, we introduce uncertainty in order to capture the reality that an agent does not know for certain that its partners will successfully act on their part of the commitment protocol. Altogether, we employ hierarchical planning techniques to check whether a commitment protocol can be enacted efficiently, and generate protocol enactments under a variety of conditions. The resulting protocol enactments can be optimised either for the expected reward or the probability of a successful execution of the protocol. We illustrate our approach on a real-world healthcare scenario.
The knee adduction moment during gait in subjects with knee osteoarthritis is more closely correlated with static alignment than radiographic disease severity, toe out angle and pain (2002)

This study tested whether the peak external knee adduction moments during walking in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were correlated with the mechanical axis of the leg, radiographic measures of OA severity, toe out angle or clinical assessments of pain, stiffness or function. Gait analysis was performed on 62 subjects with knee OA and 49 asymptomatic control subjects (normal subjects). The subjects with OA walked with a greater than normal peak adduction moment during early stance (p = 0.027). In the OA group, the mechanical axis was the best single predictor of the peak adduction moment during both early and late stance (R = 0.74, p < 0.001). The radiographic measures of OA severity in the medial compartment were also predictive of both peak adduction moments (R = 0.43 to 0.48, p < 0.001) along with the sum of the WOMAC subscales (R = -0.33 to -0.31, p < 0.017). The toe out angle was predictive of the peak adduction moment only during late stance (R = -0.45, p < 0.001). Once mechanical axis was accounted for, other factors only increased the ability to predict the peak knee adduction moments by 10 18%. While the mechanical axis was indicative of the peak adduction moments, it only accounted for about 50% of its variation, emphasizing the need for a dynamic evaluation of the knee joint loading environment. Understanding which clinical measures of OA are most closely associated with the dynamic knee joint loads may ultimately result in a better understanding of the disease process and the development of therapeutic interventions.
222 GENERATION OF INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-LIKE CELLS FROM RAT EAR SKIN CELLS (2011)

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) present not only an opportunity to use the autologous cells clinically but also as cellular models for studying molecular mechanisms of various diseases and screening of drugs. The objective of the present study was to generate iPSC-like cells from rat ear skin cells by evaluating the expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, detection of markers specific to embryonic stem cells (ESC) and in vitro differentiation into selected cell lineages. Ear skin cells were isolated from 6-week-old s.d. rats and cultured in advanced-DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. Cells were reprogrammed with retroviral factors, namely OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-Myc, the combination commonly used to generate mouse and human iPSCs. These cells were cultured in media specific to ESC on mitomycin treated mouse embryonic fibroblasts at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. AP activity was assessed with Western Blue® kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). Expressions of ESC specific markers, such as OCT4, NANOG, SSEA-1, SSEA-4 and REX1 were evaluated by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). Reprogrammed iPSC-like cells were differentiated into adipogenic, osteogenic and neurogenic lineages by following previously described protocols. Cytochemical staining was performed to confirm the adipogenesis and osteogenesis. Further, the lineage specific marker genes in adipocytes (PPAR?2, adiponectin and aP2), osteocytes (osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin and Runx2) and neuronal cells (nestin, neurogenin-1, ß-tubulin and nerve growth factor) were evaluated by RT-PCR. Following transduction, ear skin cells were successfully reprogrammed into iPSC-like cells. Generated iPSC-like cells were positive for AP activity and clearly expressed the markers of ESC, including OCT4, NANOG, SSEA-1, SSEA-4 and REX1. After induction, iPSC-like cells were capable of differentiating in vitro into adipocytes as indicated by Oil red O staining and expressed the specific markers, such as PPAR?2, adiponectin and aP2. Differentiation of iPSC-like cells into osteocytes was evidenced by von Kossa staining and the detection of marker genes, osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin and Runx2. Furthermore, upon neuronal specific induction, iPSC-like cells were able to form neuronal cells as demonstrated by the expression of neuronal specific markers, such as nestin, neurogenin-1, ß-tubulin and nerve growth factor. In conclusion, our results showed the successful generation of iPSC-like cells from rat ear skin cells by exhibiting similar features of ESCs and demonstrated their ability to differentiate in vitro into adipocytes, osteocytes and neuronal cells. Further studies are being carried out to characterise and demonstrate the pluripotency capacity of generated iPS-like cells in a rat model. This work was supported by Grant No. 2007031034040 from Bio-organ and Grant No. 200908FHT010204005 from Biogreen21.
Cyclopentanone Derivatives from 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural via 1‐Hydroxyhexane‐2,5‐dione as Intermediate (2017)

An efficient strategy for the conversion of biomass derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopent-2-enone (MCP) by an intramolecular aldol condensation of 1-hydroxyhexane-2,5-dione (HHD) has been developed. Further transformations of MCP towards the diol, enol acetate, levulinic acid and N-heterocyclic compounds are also reported.
Porous Organic Alloys (2012)

Poröse ternäre Cokristalle wurden durch chirale Erkennung zwischen organischen Käfigmolekülen erhalten. Ein Molekül, CC1, besetzt 50 % der Gitterpositionen, und zwei andere Moleküle, CC3 und CC4, besetzen fehlgeordnet die übrigen Positionen (siehe Bild). Es besteht ein lineares Verhältnis zwischen der Zusammensetzung und den Gitterparametern der Cokristalle.
Larrabee (2008)

This paper presents a many-core visual computing architecture code named Larrabee, a new software rendering pipeline, a manycore programming model, and performance analysis for several applications. Larrabee uses multiple in-order x86 CPU cores that are augmented by a wide vector processor unit, as well as some fixed function logic blocks. This provides dramatically higher performance per watt and per unit of area than out-of-order CPUs on highly parallel workloads. It also greatly increases the flexibility and programmability of the architecture as compared to standard GPUs. A coherent on-die 2 nd level cache allows efficient inter-processor communication and high-bandwidth local data access by CPU cores. Task scheduling is performed entirely with software in Larrabee, rather than in fixed function logic. The customizable software graphics rendering pipeline for this architecture uses binning in order to reduce required memory bandwidth, minimize lock contention, and increase opportunities for parallelism relative to standard GPUs. The Larrabee native programming model supports a variety of highly parallel applications that use irregular data structures. Performance analysis on those applications demonstrates Larrabee's potential for a broad range of parallel computation.
Low and High Oxidation States in Organometallic Chemistry (1988)

Abstract A total of 14,000 organometallic compounds synthesized and characterized up to a few years ago are listed in the “Dictionary of Organometallic Chemistry,” while the properties and chemistry of these compounds are described on 8,500 printed pages of “Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry” edited in 1984. Why has there been ever-increasing worldwide activity in organometallic chemistry since the days when ferrocene showed up in the literature? More importantly, what appear to be the future main lines of research and to which goals should we dedicate our efforts? This Comment,1 based on a historical background, endeavors to exemplify the present status of organometallic chemistry within the spectrum of the neighboring disciplines of chemistry. By virtue of several examples of the author's scientific interests, one particular area of research will be discussed that has largely been neglected in organometallic chemistry up to the present.
Enhanced Thermal Images of Faint Objects via Photon Addition / Subtraction (2016)

We strongly increased the Signal to Noise Ratio in a long-baseline interferometer by adding/subtracting photons to the thermal beam. Simulations show this approach achieves significantly enhanced image resolution. The concept is validated by experiments.
Figure S1 from A Bifunctional MAPK/PI3K Antagonist for Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular electronics and reconfigurable logic (2010)

This paper describes a reprogrammable architecture based on regular matrices of fine-grain dynamically reconfigurable cells based on double-gate carbon nanotube field effect transistors (DG-CNTFET) exhibiting ambivalence (p-type or n-type behaviour depending on the back-gate voltage). Using available models, reconfigurable cells have been simulated and performance metrics quantified at 4 GHz operation. A function mapping method suitable for this matrix structure has been devised, and various interconnect topologies have been analysed, showing average mapping success rates to 4 × 4 cell matrices of above 80% for 8-node function graphs. This gives insight into the way data functionality could be coded into the architecture based on such reconfigurable cells for on-the-fly and partial reprogrammability.
Influence of long‐chain branching on the miscibility of poly(ethylene‐r‐ethylethylene) blends with different microstructures (2002)

Abstract The melt miscibility of two series of poly(ethylene‐ r ‐ethylethylene) (PE E xx ) polymers with different percentages ( xx ) of ethylethylene (EE) repeat units was examined with small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS). The first series consisted of comb/linear blends in which the first component is a heavily branched comb polymer (B90) containing 90% EE and an average of 62 long branches with a weight‐average molecular weight ( M W ) of 5.5 kg/mol attached to a backbone with M W = 10.0 kg/mol. The comb polymer was blended with six linear PE E xx copolymers, all of which had M W ≈ 60 kg/mol and EE percentages ranging from 55 to 90%; they were denoted L55 to L90, with the number referring to the percentage of EE repeat units. The second series consisted of linear/linear blends; the first component, with M W = 220 kg/mol and 90% EE, was denoted L90A, and the second components were the same series of linear polymers, with M W ≈ 60 kg/mol and various EE compositions. The concentrations investigated were 50/50 w/w, except for the blend of branched B90 and linear L90 (both components were 90% EE), for which 25/75 and 75/25 concentrations were also examined. The SANS results indicated that for the comb/linear blends, only the dB90/L90 blends were miscible, whereas the other five blends phase‐separated; for the linear/linear blends, dL90A/L83 and dL90A/L78 were miscible, whereas the other three blends were immiscible. These results indicate that long‐chain branching significantly narrowed the miscibility window of these polyolefin blends. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 466–477, 2002; DOI 10.1002/polb.10102
Supplemental Figures 1 - 6, Table 1 from Applications of ImmunoPET: Using <sup>124</sup>I-Anti-PSCA A11 Minibody for Imaging Disease Progression and Response to Therapy in Mouse Xenograft Models of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: Transfection of 22rv1 with FLuc-IRES-mCherry and 22rv1_PSCA with Fluc-IRES-GFP and FACS sorting created FLuc expressing PSCA positive and negative cell lines. Supplemental Figure 2: H&amp;E Staining of 22rv1 and 22rv1_PSCA intratibial xenografts shows mixed osteolytic (blue dashed arrows) and osteoblastic (solid red arrows) type tumor formation. Supplemental Figure 3: Comparison of optical imaging, 18F-Fluoride Bone Scan, and A11 immunoPET in mice bearing 22rv1 intratibial xenograft 6 weeks post-xenograftimplantation. Supplemental Figure 4: Comparison of optical imaging, 18F-Fluoride Bone Scan, and A11 immunoPET in a mouse bearing a 22rv1_PSCA intratibial xenograft at 2 and 6 weeks postxenograft- implantation. Supplemental Figure 5: Quantification of tumor necrosis using ImageJ based color Segmentation. Supplemental Figure 6: H&amp;E staining of LAPC-9 tumors treated with either MDV-3100 or vehicle control. Supplemental Table 1: 44 hour biodistribution of mice bearing 22rv1 and 22rv1_PSCA intratibial xenografts. Histologic analysis of control and MDV-3100 treated tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Olfactory Receptors Modulate Physiological Processes in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells (2016)

Pathophysiological mechanisms in human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) significantly contribute to the progression of chronic inflammatory airway diseases with limited therapeutic options, such as severe asthma and COPD. These abnormalities include the contractility and hyperproduction of inflammatory proteins. To develop therapeutic strategies, key pathological mechanisms, and putative clinical targets need to be identified. In the present study, we demonstrated that the human olfactory receptors (ORs) OR1D2 and OR2AG1 are expressed at the RNA and protein levels in HASMCs. Using fluorometric calcium imaging, specific agonists for OR2AG1 and OR1D2 were identified to trigger transient Ca(2+) increases in HASMCs via a cAMP-dependent signal transduction cascade. Furthermore, the activation of OR2AG1 via amyl butyrate inhibited the histamine-induced contraction of HASMCs, whereas the stimulation of OR1D2 with bourgeonal led to an increase in cell contractility. In addition, OR1D2 activation induced the secretion of IL-8 and GM-CSF. Both effects were inhibited by the specific OR1D2 antagonist undecanal. We herein provide the first evidence to show that ORs are functionally expressed in HASMCs and regulate pathophysiological processes. Therefore, ORs might be new therapeutic targets for these diseases, and blocking ORs could be an auspicious strategy for the treatment of early-stage chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
Enhancing Location Privacy of Future Aircraft Wireless Communications (2010)

Future aircraft will depend on “cyber” technology, such as Automated Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) and Internet Protocol (IP) networking, for operating in a shared airspace. These aircraft are envisioned as cyber-physical systems that promise to enhance safety, capacity, efficiency and convenience of air travel. This paper focuses on threats from misuse of aircraft data communications. Ease of access to wireless communications as well as the personal, political or proprietary nature of air travel raises privacy concerns for some aircraft users. A major concern is the exploitation of an aircraft’s communications for deriving identity and position traces of that aircraft, resulting in potential privacy violations such as inference of travel intent and patterns. Privacy enhancement of air traffic data communications, however, is challenging to achieve due to a delicate balance with airspace security. This paper proposes a privacy framework for protecting traffic data communications from aircraft. The framework identifies privacy threats and proposes anonymity solution approaches that can enhance, potentially maximize, location privacy level of airspace users without compromising airspace security.
Search for new resonances in events with one lepton and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search for W bosons in events with one lepton (electron or muon) and missing transverse momentum is presented. The search uses 3.2 fb -1 of pp collision data collected at s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015. The transverse mass distribution is examined and no significant excess of events above the level expected from Standard Model processes is observed. Upper limits on the W boson cross-section times branching ratio to leptons are set as a function of the W mass. Within the Sequential Standard Model W masses below 4.07 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level. This extends the limit set using LHC data at s = 8 TeV by around 800 GeV.
AN ULTRASONIC SENSOR FOR HUMAN PRESENCE DETECTION TO ASSIST RESCUE WORK IN LARGE BUILDINGS (2018)

Abstract. When the fire brigade arrives at a burning building, it is of vital importance that people who are still inside can quickly be found. Smart buildings should be able to expose this location data to the fire brigade working in a smart city. In this paper the feasibility is researched of using ultrasonic sound sensors for human presence detection in smoke-filled spaces. This type of sensor could assist the fire brigade when evacuating a large building by directing them to the places where their help is most needed. The advantage of ultrasonic sound over other sensors or cameras is that its signal is able to pierce through smoke, does not require badges or other wearable devices and introduces little privacy and security risks. In addition, ultrasonic sensors are very inexpensive making it possible to equip every room of a building with an ultrasonic presence detector. In this research both a preliminary ultrasound measuring device and signal processing algorithm have been designed. Testing results show that the walking movement of a person in an indoor area can be detected with the combination of the sensor and the algorithms. In addition, tests of the signal strength in smoke have shown that ultrasound is capable of “looking through” the smoke. The algorithm based on a particle filter allows for more information to be extracted from the relatively simple sensor signal by detecting human walking movement specifically and opens up the way for an ultrasound based indoor positioning system that can be used in emergency situations.
A semiconductor optical amplifier comprising highly stacked InAs quantum dots fabricated using the strain-compensation technique (2014)

A semiconductor optical amplifier was fabricated by incorporating highly stacked InAs quantum dots (QDs) as a gain media. Twenty InAs QD layers were successfully stacked through the strain-compensation technique, without any deterioration of crystal quality. A wide-range 1.55 µm band gain was observed, and maximum gain reached 25 dB at 1530 nm when the input power was below −40 dBm.