gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time feedback improves multi-stakeholder design for complex environmental systems (2021)

Abstract We test whether providing quantitative real-time feedback relating design decisions to system objectives improves group solutions in an interdependent energy-water design task. While prior research suggests an important role of real-time feedback on task performance, few studies have examined the role of real-time feedback in the design of complex environmental systems. We tested a real-time feedback approach using a mixed within- and between-subject experiment (n = 88 Carnegie Mellon University students, divided into 22 groups of four). When compared to individual designs and informal collaborations, real-time performance feedback yielded solutions closer to the Pareto frontier and reduced both financial (by 26% and 21%) and environmental cost (by 34% and 12%). In addition, informal collaboration did not improve group decision-making when compared to individual designs. The results suggest that optimal solutions to meeting energy and water demand while minimizing cost and environmental impact can be obscured in informal collaborations, but that real-time feedback to system designers can help avoid waste of public resources.
Lactonamycin, a New Antimicrobial Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces rishiriensis MJ773-88K4. I. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation, Physico-chemical Properties and Biological Activities. (1999)

Lactonamycin (1) was isolated from a culture broth of Streptomyces rishiriensis MJ773-88K4. Antibiotic 1 exhibited antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE).
Experimental Demonstration of an Optical Half-Adder of Two 4-PSK, 10-Gbit/s Channels using Nonlinear Wave Mixing (2022)

An optical half-adder of two 4-PSK channels using nonlinear wave mixing is demonstrated. The two phase-encoded 5-Gbaud outputs (i.e., Carry and Sum) are generated with optical signal-to-noise ratio penalties of <5dB at the BER of 3.8e-3.
Olive Oil and Vitamin D Synergistically Prevent Bone Loss in Mice (2014)

As the Mediterranean diet (and particularly olive oil) has been associated with bone health, we investigated the impact of extra virgin oil as a source of polyphenols on bone metabolism. In that purpose sham-operated (SH) or ovariectomized (OVX) mice were subjected to refined or virgin olive oil. Two supplementary OVX groups were given either refined or virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3, to assess the possible synergistic effects with another liposoluble nutrient. After 30 days of exposure, bone mineral density and gene expression were evaluated. Consistent with previous data, ovariectomy was associated with increased bone turnover and led to impaired bone mass and micro-architecture. The expression of oxidative stress markers were enhanced as well. Virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3 prevented such changes in terms of both bone remodeling and bone mineral density. The expression of inflammation and oxidative stress mRNA was also lower in this group. Overall, our data suggest a protective impact of virgin olive oil as a source of polyphenols in addition to vitamin D3 on bone metabolism through improvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Adaptive Equalization for Frequency-Selective Channels of Unknown Length (2005)

This paper studies adaptive equalization for time-dispersive communication channels whose impulse responses have unknown lengths. This problem is important, because an adaptive equalizer designed for an incorrect channel length is suboptimal; it often estimates an unnecessarily large number of parameters. Some solutions to this problem exist (e.g., attempting to estimate the "channel length" and then switching between different equalizers); however, these are suboptimal owing to the difficulty of correctly identifying the channel length and the risk associated with an incorrect estimation of this length. Indeed, to determine the channel length is effectively a model order selection problem, for which no optimal solution is known. We propose a novel systematic approach to the problem under study, which circumvents the estimation of the channel length. The key idea is to model the channel impulse response via a mixture Gaussian model, which has one component for each possible channel length. The parameters of the mixture model are estimated from a received pilot sequence. We derive the optimal receiver associated with this mixture model, along with some computationally efficient approximations of it. We also devise a receiver, consisting of a bank of soft-output Viterbi algorithms, which can deliver soft decisions. Via numerical simulations, we show that our new method can outperform conventional adaptive Viterbi equalizers that use a fixed or an estimated channel length.
An 860 MHz Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor With a Metal-Organic Framework Sensing Layer for CO2 and CH4 (2020)

Wireless and passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices with nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) sensing layers are attractive gas sensors for applications in many fields such as energy industries and air pollution control. Here, we report on enhancing the sensitivity and detection limit of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) MOF-coated SAW reflective delay line mass sensors by increasing the operating frequency for sensitive detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) at ambient conditions. In particular, we show at least four times higher sensitivity of an 860 MHz (4-μm periodicity) SAW reflective delay line coated with a 240 nm thick ZIF8 compared to the sensitivity of a 430 MHz (8-μm periodicity) otherwise identical sensor device to the targeted gases. The detection limits of the higher frequency wireless devices for CO2 and CH4 were estimated to be 0.91 vol-% and 7.01 vol-%, respectively. The enhanced sensitivity for higher frequency devices is explained in terms of the frequency dependent acoustic wave energy confinement.
Measurement of the t-channel single top-quark production cross section in pp collisions at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2012)

We report a measurement of the cross section of single top-quark production in the t-channel using 1.04 fb -1 of pp collision data at s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Selected events feature one electron or muon, missing transverse momentum, and two or three jets, exactly one of them identified as originating from a b quark. The cross section is measured by fitting the distribution of a multivariate discriminant constructed with a neural network, yielding t = 83 4 (stat.) +20 -19 (syst.) pb, which is in good agreement with the prediction of the Standard Model. Using the ratio of the measured to the theoretically predicted cross section and assuming that the top-quark-related CKM matrix elements obey the relation |V tb | |V ts |, |V td |, the coupling strength at the W -t-b vertex is determined to be |V tb | = 1.13 +0.14 -0.13 . If it is assumed that |V tb | 1 a lower limit of |V tb | > 0.75 is obtained at the 95% confidence level.
Seeking Insights About Cycling Mood Disorders via Anonymized Search Logs (2014)

Observed patterns in search behavior align with known behaviors and those highlighted by survey respondents. These observations suggest that searchers showing intensive interest in MSD may be patients who have been prescribed these drugs. Given behavioral dynamics, we surmise that the days on which MSD queries are made may coincide with commencement of mania or depression. Although we do not have data on mood changes and whether users have been diagnosed with bipolar illness, we see evidence of cycling in people who show interest in MSD and further show that we can predict impending shifts in behavior and interest.
Fast Adaptation of Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Navigation Skills to Human Preference (2020)

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is being actively studied for robot navigation due to its promise of superior performance and robustness. However, most existing deep RL navigation agents are trained using fixed parameters, such as maximum velocities and weightings of reward components. Since the optimal choice of parameters depends on the use-case, it can be difficult to deploy such existing methods in a variety of real-world service scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel deep RL navigation method that can adapt its policy to a wide range of parameters and reward functions without expensive retraining. Additionally, we explore a Bayesian deep learning method to optimize these parameters that requires only a small amount of preference data. We empirically show that our method can learn diverse navigation skills and quickly adapt its policy to a given performance metric or to human preference. We also demonstrate our method in real-world scenarios.
Managing and Processing Office Documents in Oracle XML Database (2011)

Abstract- Office Open XML, an XML-based file format for office data, has been standardized, adopted by Microsoft Office 2007 and supported by other major office suites like OpenOffice. The question we try to answer in this paper is where Oracle XML Database (XMLDB) stands with respect to the new advances in XML Open standards. We present the XMLDB architecture that allows integration with Office Open XML. We discuss the implications for content search, generation and validation, brought by transparently storing office content in the XMLDB Repository. We explain how to use the XML storage model, XML indexes and XMLDB Repository features for improved querability, and how to integrate Office Open XML content search with relational, non-XML data sources available in a database.
Probing Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics using Bright Circularly Polarized High Harmonics (2015)

We generate bright circularly polarized high harmonics and use this new table-top light source to capture ultrafast magnetization dynamics for the first time by measuring laser-driven ultrafast demagnetization in a FeCr alloy.
Protein Kinase C: Structural Definition (2020)

Protein kinase C was first identified as a calcium-dependent protein kinase activity that could be detected following anion exchange chromatography of tissue extract. In vitro phorbol esters mimic the effect of diacylglycerol on protein kinase C, the implication being that binding of phorbol esters to their operationally defined receptor in vivo will activate the protein kinase C pathway, bypassing the normal receptor linked events. In order to further define the organization of protein kinase C, and as a necessary step towards an understanding of the structure/function relationship for this enzyme, the authors undertook the cloning of the bovine brain enzyme. The generality of multiple subtypes of protein kinase C was further investigated through the screening of a human fetal brain cDNA library. Multiple subtypes of protein kinase C have been identified by other laboratories in the rat and rabbit. The bovine and human ß subtypes are both ß1 products.
Model-based Iterative Restoration for Binary Document Image Compression with Dictionary Learning (2017)

The inherent noise in the observed (e.g., scanned) binary document image degrades the image quality and harms the compression ratio through breaking the pattern repentance and adding entropy to the document images. In this paper, we design a cost function in Bayesian framework with dictionary learning. Minimizing our cost function produces a restored image which has better quality than that of the observed noisy image, and a dictionary for representing and encoding the image. After the restoration, we use this dictionary (from the same cost function) to encode the restored image following the symbol-dictionary framework by JBIG2 standard with the lossless mode. Experimental results with a variety of document images demonstrate that our method improves the image quality compared with the observed image, and simultaneously improves the compression ratio. For the test images with synthetic noise, our method reduces the number of flipped pixels by 48.2% and improves the compression ratio by 36.36% as compared with the best encoding methods. For the test images with real noise, our method visually improves the image quality, and outperforms the cutting-edge method by 28.27% in terms of the compression ratio.
Prototyping strategies for stakeholder engagement during front-end design: Design practitioners’ approaches in the medical device industry (2020)

Prototypes are fundamental tools used throughout design processes. During early design stages, including problem definition and concept development, prototypes can support stakeholder engagement, which is considered critical for success. However, the ways in which engineering designers leverage prototypes within front-end stakeholder engagements are not well described in the literature. This research explored front-end prototyping strategies for stakeholder engagement through semi-structured interviews with medical device design practitioners. Our research findings describe seventeen strategies design practitioners used to engage stakeholders during front-end design activities. The findings add rich detail to the existing strategies broadly described in the literature, and have implications for designers across expertise levels, as they can be used to develop intentional approaches to engage stakeholders during front-end design.
Effect of Ruboxistaurin on the Visual Acuity Decline Associated with Long-standing Diabetic Macular Edema (2009)

purpose. To compare relationships between severity and duration of diabetic macular edema (DME) and visual acuity (VA) observed in the PKC-DRS2 with those from the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) and to assess the effect of the orally administered PKC β inhibitor ruboxistaurin (RBX) on these parameters. methods. In the PKC-DRS2, patients with moderately severe to very severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 685) were randomly assigned to 32 mg/d RBX or placebo and followed up for 36 months with ETDRS VA measurements and fundus photographs (FP) every 3 to 6 months. Mean VA was calculated across all FP visits for eyes in each level of the ETDRS DME severity scale at those visits. For eyes with baseline VA ≥ 20/40, relationships between change in VA from baseline to last visit and duration of severe DME were analyzed with linear regression. results. Mean VA decreased by approximately 22 letters between the mildest and most severe levels of the DME scale in the PKC-DRS2, compared with 27 letters in the ETDRS. In the placebo group, the rate of decrease in VA over time associated with duration of severe DME was 0.67 letters per month (24 letters over 36 months, compared with 20 letters over 28–36 months in the ETDRS). This rate was 30% less in the RBX group (0.47 letter per month, P = 0.022). conclusions. The VA decrease in the PKC-DRS2 associated with long-standing DME agrees well with estimates from the ETDRS. RBX appears to ameliorate this decrease, an effect that could be important clinically. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00604383.)
Identification of Sialic Acid Linkages on Intact Glycopeptides via Differential Chemical Modification Using IntactGIG-HILIC (2018)

Mass spectrometric analysis of intact glycopeptides can reveal detailed information about glycosite, glycan structural features, and their heterogeneity. Sialyl glycopeptides can be positively, negatively, or neutrally charged depending on pH of their buffer solution and ionization conditions. To detect sialoglycopeptides, a negative-ion mode mass spectrometry may be applied with a minimal loss of sialic acids, although the positively charged or neutral glycopeptides may be excluded. Alternatively, the sialyl glycopeptides can be identified using positive-ion mode analysis by doping a high concentration of sodium salts to the analytes. Although manipulation of unmodified sialoglycopeptides can be useful for analysis of samples, less than optimal ionization, facile loss of sialyl and unfavorable ionization of accompanying non-sialyl peptides make such strategies suboptimal. Currently available chemical derivatization methods, while stabilizing for sialic acid, mask sialic acid linkage configuration. Here, we report the development of a novel approach to neutralize sialic acids via sequentially chemical modification that also reveals their linkage configuration, often an important determinant in biological function. This method utilizes several components to facilitate glycopeptide identification. These include the following: solid phase derivatization, enhanced ionization of sialoglycopeptides, differentiation of sialic acid linkage, and enrichment of the modified glycopeptides by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. This technology can be used as a tool for quantitative analysis of protein sialylation in diseases with determination of sialic acid linkage configuration. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Molecular Identification of a Novel Carnitine Transporter Specific to Human Testis (2002)

l-Carnitine is an essential component of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation and plays a pivotal role in the maturation of spermatozoa within the male reproductive tract. Epididymal plasma contains the highest levels of l-carnitine found in the human body, and initiation of sperm motility occurs in parallel to l-carnitine increase in the epididymal lumen. Using a specific carrier, epididymal epithelium secretes l-carnitine into the lumen by an active transport mechanism; however, the structure-activity relationship comprising the carnitine-permeation pathway is poorly understood. We discovered a novel carnitine transporter (CT2) specifically located in human testis. Analyzing the primary structure of CT2 revealed that it is phylogenetically located between the organic cation transporter (OCT/OCTN) and anion transporter (OAT) families. Hence, CT2 represents a novel transporter family. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, CT2 mediates the high affinity transport of l-carnitine but does not accept mainstream OCT/OCTN cationic or OAT anionic substrates. We synthesized and tested various carnitine-related compounds and investigated the physicochemical properties of substrate recognition by semi-empirical computational chemistry. The data suggest that the quaternary ammonium cation bulkiness and relative hydrophobicity be the most important factors that trigger CT2-substrate interactions. Immunohistochemistry showed that the CT2 protein is located in the luminal membrane of epididymal epithelium and within the Sertoli cells of the testis. The identification of CT2 represents an interesting evolutionary link between OCT/OCTNs and OATs, as well as provides us with an important insight into the maturation of human spermatozoa.
Solute Transport Processes in Peat Inferred from Electrical Imaging (2003)

PreviousNext No AccessSymposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2003Solute Transport Processes in Peat Inferred from Electrical ImagingAuthors: Lee SlaterAndrew BinleyAndrew ReeveLee SlaterDepartment of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, Andrew BinleyDept. Environmental Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, and Andrew ReeveDepartment of Geological Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, MEhttps://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923213 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Introductory paragraph for this paper is available only in the PDF and GZipped PS filesPermalink: https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923213FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2003ISSN (online):1554-8015Copyright: 2003 Pages: 1491 publication data© 2003 Copyright © 2003 The Environmental and Engineering Geophysical SocietyPublisher:Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society HistoryPublished Online: 30 Sep 2008 CITATION INFORMATION Lee Slater, Andrew Binley, and Andrew Reeve, (2003), "Solute Transport Processes in Peat Inferred from Electrical Imaging," Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems Proceedings : 676-686. https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923213 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Impact on Inter-Cell Interference of Reference Signal for Interference Rejection Combining Receiver in LTE-Advanced Downlink (2012)

This paper investigates the dominant impact on the interference rejection combining (IRC) receiver due to the downlink reference signal (RS) based covariance matrix estimation scheme. When the transmission modes using the cell-specific RS (CRS) in LTE/LTE-Advanced are assumed, the property of the non-precoded CRS is different from that of the data signals. This difference poses two problems to the IRC receiver. First, it results in different levels of accuracy for the RS based covariance matrix estimation. Second, assuming the case where the CRS from the interfering cell collides with the desired data signals of the serving cell, the IRC receiver cannot perfectly suppress this CRS interference. The results of simulations assuming two transmitter and receiver antenna branches show that the impact of the CRS-to-CRS collision among cells is greater than that for the CRS interference on the desired data signals especially in closed-loop multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, from the viewpoint of the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise power ratio (SINR). However, the IRC receiver improves the user throughput by more than 20% compared to the conventional maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver under the simulation assumptions made in this paper even when the CRS-to-CRS collision is assumed. Furthermore, the results verify the observations made in regard to the impact of inter-cell interference of the CRS for various average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR) environments.