gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safe Browsing in a Strongly Typed Persistent Environment (1988)

The need to examine data structures often occurs in programming language and database management systems. In this paper we describe how a browser for a strongly type programming language (PS-algol) may be written in a type-secure manner in a closed persistent environment. This is achieved without resorting to magic or having to break the type rules of the language by exploiting a compiler that is an object with full civil rights in the environment. The use and impact of such an object is discussed.
Compressor Station Recycle System Dynamics During Emergency Shutdown (1996)

Transient phenomena associated with gas recycling during compressor emergency shutdown (ESD) have been studied both experimentally and numerically. A scaled-down laboratory test rig has been constructed to study the influence of various underlying parameters on ESD operation. Three different configurations representing different design scenarios were tested. The first configuration has a long recycle system with a volume capacitance representing an air-cooled heat exchanger in the recycle loop, and the recycle valve located close to the discharge side. The second one is the same as the first except the recycle valve is placed close to the suction side. In the third configuration, the cooler capacitance was removed from the recycle loop and the piping capacitance on the discharge side was further reduced. Shutdown tests were carried out from different steady-state initial conditions varying the recycle valve opening time, and the synchronization time between the compressor ESD signal and valve opening signal. Numerical simulations based on the solution of the full one-dimensional conservation equations using the method of characteristics were also conducted for the above configurations. Good agreement was obtained between measurements and simulation results. Numerical simulations were used to analyze other cases, which were not investigated experimentally, to further investigate the interaction between equipment and flow parameters. Results indicate that the valve prestroke time is more crucial than the stroke time and that it should be made short to avoid surging the compressor during ESD. Locating the recycle valve as close as possible to the suction or discharge of the compressor helps reduce unit surge during shutdown.
An InP HBT low power receiver IC integrating AGC amplifier, clock recovery circuit and demultiplexers (2002)

The authors designed and fabricated a highly integrated and very low power receiver IC for 2.5 Gb/s optical communication. It consisted of an AGC data recovery circuit and demultiplexer, and consumed only 340 mW power. The measured data have validated our design approach and have demonstrated the potential of the InP HBT technology to integrate analog and digital functions for low power and high speed applications. Achieving even lower power is feasible through device scaling. Additional functionality such as multiple data rate, frequency detection, lock indicator and data decoder can be included in future integration.
Universal Physiological Representation Learning with Soft-Disentangled Rateless Autoencoders (2020)

Human computer interaction (HCI) involves a multidisciplinary fusion of technologies, through which the control of external devices could be achieved by monitoring physiological status of users. However, physiological biosignals often vary across users and recording sessions due to unstable physical/mental conditions and task-irrelevant activities. To deal with this challenge, we propose a method of adversarial feature encoding with the concept of a Rateless Autoencoder (RAE), in order to exploit disentangled, nuisance-robust, and universal representations. We achieve a good trade-off between user-specific and task-relevant features by making use of the stochastic disentanglement of the latent representations by adopting additional adversarial networks. The proposed model is applicable to a wider range of unknown users and tasks as well as different classifiers. Results on cross-subject transfer evaluations show the advantages of the proposed framework, with up to an 11.6% improvement in the average subject-transfer classification accuracy.
The Free Radical of the Anaerobic Ribonucleotide Reductase from Escherichia coli Is at Glycine 681 (1996)

The anaerobic ribonucleoside triphosphate reductase of Escherichia coli is an iron-sulfur protein carrying an oxygen-sensitive organic radical, which is essential for catalysis. The radical was tentatively proposed to be on glycine 681, based on a comparison with the glycyl radical-containing enzyme pyruvate formate-lyase. By EPR spectroscopy of selectively 2H- and 13C-labeled anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase, the radical was now unambiguously assigned to carbon-2 of a glycine residue. The large 1H hyperfine splitting (1.4 millitesla) was assigned to the alpha-proton. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to change glycine 681 into an alanine residue. In separate experiments, the two adjacent residues, cysteine 680 and tyrosine 682, were changed into serine and phenylalanine, respectively. All mutated proteins were retained on dATP-Sepharose, indicating that the mutant proteins had intact allosteric sites. They also contained amounts of iron comparable with the wild type reductase and showed the same iron-sulfur-related spectrum, suggesting that the mutant proteins were properly folded. Of the three mutant proteins only the G681A protein completely lacked the detectable glycyl radical as well as enzyme activity. Our results identify glycine 681 as the stable free radical site in E. coli anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase.
β-Arrestin-mediated Recruitment of the Src Family Kinase Yes Mediates Endothelin-1-stimulated Glucose Transport (2001)

The insulin and the endothelin type A (ETA) receptor both can couple into the heterotrimeric G protein alpha(q/11) (Galpha(q/11)), leading to Galpha(q/11) tyrosine phosphorylation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation, and subsequent stimulation of glucose transport. In this study, we assessed the potential role of Src kinase in ET-1 signaling to glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Src kinase inhibitor PP2 blocked ET-1-induced Src kinase activity, Galpha(q/11) tyrosine phosphorylation, and glucose transport stimulation. To determine which Src family kinase member was involved, we microinjected anti-c-Src, -c-Fyn, or -c-Yes antibody into these cells and found that only anti-c-Yes antibody blocked GLUT4 translocation (70% decreased). Overexpression or microinjection of a dominant negative mutant (K298M) of Src kinase also inhibited ET-1-induced Galpha(q/11) tyrosine phosphorylation and GLUT4 translocation. In co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we found that beta-arrestin 1 associated with the ETA receptor in an agonist-dependent manner and that beta-arrestin 1 recruited Src kinase to a molecular complex that included the ETA receptor. Microinjection of beta-arrestin 1 antibody inhibited ET-1- but not insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. In conclusion, 1) the Src kinase Yes can induce tyrosine phosphorylation of Galpha(q/11) in response to ET-1 stimulation, and 2) beta-arrestin 1 and Src kinase form a molecular complex with the ETA receptor to mediate ET-1 signaling to Galpha(q/11) with subsequent glucose transport stimulation.
Association of low numbers of CD 206‐positive cells with loss of ICC in the gastric body of patients with diabetic gastroparesis (2014)

Depletion of ICC and correlation with changes in CD206+ cell numbers in DC and DG patients suggests that in humans, like mice, CD206+ macrophages may play a cytoprotective role in diabetes. These findings may lead to novel therapeutic options, targeting alternatively activated macrophages.
Polarization separator created by a filament in air (2008)

We demonstrate that a femtosecond laser pulse-induced filament can act as a "polarization separator" for a copropagating femtosecond probe pulse. The probe component with polarization parallel to the pump is guided along the propagation axis through the cross interactions with the pump pulse. And the probe component with polarization orthogonal to that of the pump is diffracted out into an outer ring by the plasma. The extinction ratio (I(probe)(min) / I(probe)(max)) along the propagation axis is better than 1:20.
Mobile Visual Computing (2009)

Smart phones are becoming visual computing powerhouses. Using sensors such as camera, GPS, and others, the device can provide a new user interface to the real world, augmenting user's view of the world with additional information and controls. Combining computation with image capture allows new kind of photography that can be more expressive than is possible to obtain with a traditional camera. New APIs allow harnessing more computation power of a smart phone to visual processing than what one can obtain from just a CPU.
Self-expanding foam for prehospital treatment of severe intra-abdominal hemorrhage (2014)

The self-expanding foam significantly improves survival in a dose-dependent fashion in an otherwise lethal injury. Higher doses are associated with better survival but resulted in the need for bowel resection.
Investigation of PARP1 as a therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer. (2012)

7096 Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy that differs from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in its metastatic potential and response to treatment. To date, no molecularly-targeted agent has prolonged survival of SCLC patients. Using a proteomic approach, we previously identified high expression of the DNA repair protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in SCLC cell lines and tumors. Here we test in vitro sensitivity of SCLC to PARP inhibition or knockdown. Methods: Cell lines were treated with PARP inhibitor olaparib or AG014699 for 14d +/- chemotherapy. Relative cell viability was assessed by cell count. siRNA against PARP1 was compared with scrambled siRNA and mock transfected cells. To assess DNA repair, RAD51 foci were counted after 1µM or 5µM olaparib and after 8Gy irradiation (RT). Results: SCLC cell lines were highly sensitive to PARP inhibition by olaparib (IC50s &lt;0.5 µM for H69; ≤2µM in H524, H82, and H526) and AG014699 (IC50s &lt;0.5 µM for H82, H69, and H524; 2.2 µM for H526 and H841). In contrast, A549 (NSCLC) was resistant to both drugs (IC50s &gt;8µM). Because BRCA1/2 and PTEN mutations are associated with greater sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, we compared SCLC sensitivity with that of BRCA1-mutated (HCC1395) and PTEN-mutated (MDA-MB-468) breast lines. As expected, HCC1395 and MDA-MB-468 were sensitive to both PARP inhibitors. Remarkably, however, SCLC cell lines were as sensitive or more so. Combination of olaparib with topotecan or irinotecan (commonly used in SCLC) decreased tumor cell viability more than either agent alone (p &lt;0.03). Consistent with the drug studies, knockdown of PARP1 by siRNA decreased growth of SCLC compared with that of controls. RAD51 foci increased in SCLC after olaparib treatment (&gt;4-fold) and RT (&gt;18-fold). Conclusions: SCLC lines were as sensitive to PARP inhibition as BRCA1- or PTEN-mutated breast cancer lines. Moreover, PARP inhibition enhanced the effect of chemotherapy on SCLC lines. Increased formation of RAD51 foci in SCLC cells after olaparib or RT suggests a deficiency in homologous recombination that may account for the sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. These results support the investigation of PARP inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach in SCLC lung cancer.
Stool-based DNA tests for colorectal cancer: clinical potential and early results. (2002)

Stool-based DNA testing is a promising new diagnostic tool with the potential to improve the overall effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening. Early clinical studies suggest that multi-target, DNA-based stool tests are capable of detecting both premalignant adenomas and cancers with high sensitivity and specificity. Screening compliance could be enhanced by the user-friendly features of stool-based DNA testing which include: the testing is noninvasive, requires no cathartic bowel preparation or diet or medication restrictions, and requires just a single specimen per screen. Large, multicenter, comparative studies addressing the performance of stool-based DNA testing in the general population will soon be completed and will promise to validate the readiness of this approach for widespread application.
Physical Layer Security in Military Communications (2021)

Military communications need to be secure in harsh operational conditions under constant enemy attacks and attempts to eavesdrop, jam, or decrypt the communications. Physical layer security (PLS) can be used in conjunction with traditional cryptographic techniques to ensure an additional layer of security for military communications. In this article, PLS techniques at different levels of military communications, from communications at the military section level to the battalion or command center level, are discussed and analyzed. The presented solutions were tailored to the challenges faced in each scenario, leading to good performance. Additional challenges are also discussed, and suitable solutions are outlined.
Generation of multi-view video plus depth content using mixed narrow and wide baseline setup (2012)

Content production for stereoscopic 3D-TV displays has become mature in the past years. The content is usually shot using two cameras as the glasses-based target devices require two views as input. Beside stereoscopic 3D-TVs, huge progress has also been achieved in the improvement of the image quality of glasses-free auto-stereoscopic displays and light-field displays. Concerning the latter two display families, the content production workflow is less elaborated and more complex, as the number of required views differs considerably and is likely to increase in the near future. As a co-existence of all 3D display families can be expected for the next years, one aims to establish an efficient content production workflow which yields to high quality content for all 3D-TV displays. Against this background, we present a content production workflow which uses as acquisition device a four camera rig involving a central narrow baseline and a wide baseline with two satellite cameras and propose a multi-view video plus depth generation workflow optimized for the four-camera setup.
Characterization of the Heat Shock Response in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (1991)

The heat shock response in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis was characterized with respect to synthesis of a unique set of proteins induced by thermal stress. A shift in temperature from 30 to 42 degrees C was sufficient to arrest the growth of L. lactis subsp. lactis, but growth resumed after a shift back to 30 degrees C. Heat shock at 50 degrees C reduced the viable cell population by 10; however, pretreatment of the cells at 42 degrees C made them more thermoresistant to exposure at 50 degrees C. The enhanced synthesis of approximately 13 proteins was observed in cells labeled with S upon heat shock at 42 degrees C. Of these heat shock-induced proteins, two appeared to be homologs of GroEL and DnaK, based on their molecular weights and reactivity with antiserum against the corresponding Escherichia coli proteins. Therefore, we conclude that L. lactis subsp. lactis displays a heat shock response similar to that observed in other mesophilic bacteria.
Short-term magnesium deficiency downregulates telomerase, upregulates neutral sphingomyelinase and induces oxidative DNA damage in cardiovascular tissues: relevance to atherogenesis, cardiovascular diseases and aging. (2014)

1) short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (Mg; 21 days) in rats (MgD) would result in a downregulation of telomerase in cardiac and aortic smooth muscle cells, 2) low levels of Mg(2+) added to drinking water (DW) would either prevent or greatly reduce the downregulation of telomerase in MgD, 3) MgD in rats would cause an upregulation of neutral-sphingomyelinase (N-SMAse) and p53, 4) short-term MgD would result in oxidation of DNA in diverse cardiac muscle and aortic smooth muscle cells as exemplified by measurement of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), and 5) cross-talk between telomerase, N-SMase, p53, and 8-OH-dG would be evident in left ventricular (LV), right ventricular (RV), atrial and aortic smooth muscle obtained from rats subjected to short-term MgD. The data indicated that short-term MgD (10% normal dietary intake) resulted in downregulation of telomerase in LV, RV, atrial and aortic muscle cells; even very low levels of water-bourne Mg(2+) (e.g., 15-40 mg/lday) either prevented or ameliorated the downregulation of telomerase. Our experiments also showed that MgD resulted in a 7-10 fold increased formation of 8-OH-dG in the cardiac and aortic muscle cells. The experiments also confirmed that short-term dietary deficiency of Mg resulted in greatly increased upregulation of N-SMAse and p53 in the cardiac and aortic muscle tissues. These new experiments point to a sizeable cross-talk among telomerase, N-SMAse, and p53 in rat cardiac and peripheral vascular muscle exposed to a short-term MgD. These studies would be compatible with the idea that even short-term MgD could cause alterations of the genome in diverse cell types leading to mutations of cardiac, vascular, and endothelial cells seen in aging and atherogenesis. Since we have shown, previously, that activation of N-SMAse in MgD leads to synthesis and release of ceramide in cardiovascular tissues and cells, we believe this pathway, most likely, helps to result in downregulation of telomerase, upregulation of transcription factors (e.g., p53; NF-kB), cytokine release, mutations, transformations, and dysfunctional growth seen in the cardiac and vascular cells observed in the normal aging process, atherogenesis, hypertension, and cardiac failure. Lastly, we suggest ways in which this hypothesis can be tested.
The response of rice varieties to Meloidogyne graminicola from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (2021)

Summary The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola , is a serious pathogen of rice production worldwide. In Vietnam, scientific information on the rice root-knot nematode is limited. In this circumstance, our study aimed to investigate the characteristics of M. graminicola from rice fields in southern Vietnam and to evaluate the reaction of 20 rice varieties to this soil-borne pathogen in a glasshouse experiment. Ten populations of root-knot nematode collected from rice fields at different geographical regions in the Mekong Delta were identified as M. graminicola based on the perineal configuration of females and species-specific molecular markers. The morphological, morphometric and molecular characteristics of ten nematode isolates were defined, and the variations observed between these isolates were not significantly different. The pathogenicity of these isolates was examined in the susceptible Indica rice, Oryza sativa ‘IR64’, with a reproduction factor ranging from 18.1 to 37.8. Of the 20 Indica rice varieties tested in response to the nematode population MG-PN08, the ‘Tetep’ variety showed moderate resistance to the nematode (reproductive factor = 11.7; galling index = 2.4), while others were ranked at levels ranging from moderately susceptible to highly susceptible. The life cycle of M. graminicola in ‘Tetep’ root is 28 days compared to 21 in ‘IR64’. ‘Tetep’-nematode interaction at the histological and molecular levels needs further investigation to develop new rice varieties resistant to rice root-knot nematode.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Activation of the <i>NOTCH</i> Pathway in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 82K, Growth effects of NOTCH1 siRNA inhibition in HNSCC cells with wildtype NOTCH1 status. NOTCH1 was downregulated in UPCI-SCC090 (090, top, NOTCH1 wt) and SCC61 (bottom, NOTCH1 wt) by siRNA as described in methods. The effect of NOTCH1 downregulation on cell proliferation for these two cell lines is shown in the middle. The effect of siNOTCH1 on NOTCH1 expression (left) or expression of its targets (HES1 and HEY1, right) is also shown. The mRNA expression levels were calculated relative to GAPDH and were normalized to 1 in the control experiments with scrambled siRNA sequences. Experiments were performed in pentaplicates, mean plus-minus SEM were shown. *, p-value &lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;
Optimal control RF pulses for excitation and suppression of NMR signals in a conductive medium (2018)

In this work, optimal control theory was used to design efficient excitation schemes in highly conductive materials, where both the radio frequency field strength and phase vary as a function of penetration depth. A pulse was designed to achieve phase alignment between signals at different depths within the conductor and thus to obtain higher signals from that region. In addition, an efficient suppression pulse was designed by insuring mutual suppression between the signals from various depths in the sample. The performance of the new approach was demonstrated experimentally for a bulk lithium sample for the excitation problem and for a biphasic metal/liquid sample for the selective suppression pulse.
Application of analytical instruments in epoxy resin characterization (1990)

Advanced fiber reinforced plastics are increasingly being used to replace metals in applications such as aircraft structures, missile casings, rocket motor cases, pressure vessels, automotive components, and others. Advantages of composites over their metallic counterparts are higher strength to weight ratios, higher resistance to corrosion, and lower cost. Structural fibers such as graphite, glass, and polyaramids combined with resin are often used to fabricate these durable goods. Epoxy resins are commonly used in composite industries. In most composite work, the resin is normally impregnated in the fiber. Reaction of the resin starts immediately even when stored at cold temperature. Therefore, the curing mechanism of the resin must be known to prevent wasting expensive preimpregnated fiber due to aging. Other important manufacturing factors that influence composite cost and quality are cure profile, laminate thickness, time to apply pressure and vacuum, thermal oxidation stability, and shrinkage. Most of these manufacturing problems depend very much on the resin used. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elevated temperature viscometer (ETV), and the universal testing machine were used in this study to develop cure models for an amine cured epoxy. In this study, new methods based on differential analysis and least squares regression of DSC data are developed. This new method was found to be more accurate than other methods proposed prior to this study. In addition, DMA, GPC, IR, and ETV were used in conjunction with a universal testing machine to evaluate the curing mechanism of an amine cured epoxy. Several models capable of predicting the degree of cure of an amine cured epoxy are proposed. The aging characteristic of the epoxy was also explored. An equation that relates the extent of reaction using the GPC to the glass transition temperature from the DSC was developed. A comparison of results from each instrument was also presented. Good agreement was found between the DSC and other analytical instruments.