gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of polymer surface activity on cavitation nuclei stability against dissolution (2004)

The persistence of acoustic cavitation in a pulsed wave ultrasound regime depends upon the ability of cavitation nuclei, i.e., bubbles, to survive the off time between pulses. Due to the dependence of bubble dissolution on surface tension, surface-active agents may affect the stability of bubbles against dissolution. In this study, measurements of bubble dissolution rates in solutions of the surface-active polymer poly(propyl acrylic acid) (PPAA) were conducted to test this premise. The surface activity of PPAA varies with solution pH and concentration of dissolved polymer molecules. The surface tension of PPAA solutions (55-72 dynes/cm) that associated with the polymer surface activity was measured using the Wilhelmy plate technique. Samples of these polymer solutions then were exposed to 1.1 MHz high intensity focused ultrasound, and the dissolution of bubbles created by inertial cavitation was monitored using an active cavitation detection scheme. Analysis of the pulse echo data demonstrated that bubble dissolution time was inversely proportional to the surface tension of the solution. Finally, comparison of the experimental results with dissolution times computed from the Epstein-Plesset equation suggests that the radii of residual bubbles from inertial cavitation increase as the surface tension decreases.
Analysis of the Effects of Flicker on the Blood-Flow Variation in the Human Eye (2009)

Flicker annoyance measurement, regardless if it is performed by processing the supplying voltage or by evaluating the light emitted by the lamp, relies on the assumption of a proper model of the behavior of the complex eye-brain system in the presence of fluctuating light. The only experimental data available are the ones obtained, for a certain incandescent lamp, by asking several people to report their perception about the flicker to which they were subjected. In this paper, the possibility of achieving an ldquoobjectiverdquo evaluation of the flicker effects on a human subject is investigated. In particular, the increment of the blood flow in a vessel at the optic nerve is considered and taken as a possible index of annoyance due to flicker.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemistry of the Intramolecular Enamine/Enal (Enone) Cycloaddition Reaction and Subsequent Transformations. (1987)

Abstract Treatment of the aldehydes (I) and (V) (prepared from cyclohexene or (+)‐citronellal, resp.) with the amine (II) results in formation of the enamines and intramolecular (4 + 2) cycloaddition to give cis‐fused adducts (III)/(IV) and (VI)/(VII) exclusively.
Evolution of Cytomegalovirus-Responsive T Cell Clonality following Solid Organ Transplantation (2021)

CMV infection is a significant complication after solid organ transplantation. We used single cell TCR αβ sequencing to determine how memory inflation impacts clonality and diversity of the CMV-responsive CD8 and CD4 T cell repertoire in the first year after transplantation in human subjects. We observed CD8 T cell inflation but no changes in clonal diversity, indicating homeostatic stability in clones. In contrast, the CD4 repertoire was diverse and stable over time, with no evidence of CMV-responsive CD4 T cell expansion. We identified shared CDR3 TCR motifs among patients but no public CMV-specific TCRs. Temporal changes in clonality in response to transplantation and in the absence of detectable viral reactivation suggest changes in the repertoire immediately after transplantation followed by an expansion with stable clonal competition that may mediate protection.
Prognostic value of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, pro-adrenomedullin, and pro-endothelin-1 in critically ill patients (2006)

Systemic inflammation is accompanied by cardiovascular dysfunction. Prohormones of cardiovascular active mediators may therefore add important information to the clinical status of these patients. The goal of this study was to describe the prognostic value of three different prohormones in an ICU setting.
Translational Predictive Biomarker Analysis of the Phase 1b Sorafenib and Bevacizumab Study Expansion Cohort (2013)

Predictive biomarkers are needed to triage patients to the best therapy. We prospectively planned examination of sequential blood, biopsy, and functional imaging with which to confirm the mechanism and to identify potential predictive biomarkers in a phase Ib clinical trial expansion of patients with solid tumors receiving sorafenib/bevacizumab. The maximally tolerated doses of sorafenib at 200 mg twice daily with bevacizumab at 5 mg/kg every other week were given to biopsiable patients. Patients were randomized to receive either sorafenib or bevacizumab monotherapy for the first 28-day cycle with the second drug added with cycle 2. Biopsies, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and fluorodeoxyglucose-proton emission tomography were done pre-therapy and at 2 and 6 weeks (2 weeks into combination therapy). Tumor and serum proteomics, Ras/Raf mutational analysis, and functional imaging results were examined individually and across the dataset to identify potential changes predictive of response to therapy and those that confirm the biochemical drug mechanism(s). Therapy with sorafenib/bevacizumab resulted in clinical benefit in 45% of this mixed solid tumor group. ERK activation and microvessel density were decreased with monotherapy treatment with sorafenib or bevacizumab, respectively; whereas a decreased signal over the group of total AKT, phospho(p)-VEGF receptor2, p-endothelial nitric-oxide synthase, b-RAF, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was associated with earlier progression of disease. Tumor metabolic activity decreased in those patients with clinical benefits lasting longer than 4 months, and activity increased with progression of disease. Cleavage of caspase 3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was increased, and Ki67 expression decreased in patients with prolonged clinical benefits, consistent with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. The conglomerate analysis, incorporating pharmacodynamic and tumor biochemistry, demonstrated sorafenib/bevacizumab-targeted vascular activity in the tumor. Results suggest potential biomarkers for which changes, as a group, during early therapeutic exposure may predict clinical benefit.
Onset of the Efficiency Droop in GaInN Quantum Well Light-Emitting Diodes under Photoluminescence and Electroluminescence Excitation (2015)

The efficiency of Ga0.87In0.13N/GaN single and multiple quantum well (QW) light-emitting diodes is investigated under photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) excitation. By measuring the laser spot area (knife-edge method) and the absorbance of the GaInN QW (transmittance/reflectance measurements), the PL excitation density can be converted to an equivalent EL excitation density. The EL efficiency droop-onset occurs at an excitation density of 2.08 × 1026 cm–3 s–1 (J = 10 A/cm2), whereas no PL efficiency droop is found for excitation densities as high as 3.11 × 1027 cm–3 s–1 (J = 149 A/cm2). Considering Shockley–Read–Hall, radiative, and Auger recombination and including carrier leakage shows that the EL efficiency droop is consistent with a reduction of injection efficiency.
Block sparse excitation based all-pole modeling of speech (2014)

In this paper, it is shown that an appropriate model for voiced speech is an all-pole filter excited by a block sparse excitation sequence. The modeling approach is generalized in a novel manner to deal with a wide spectrum of speech signal; voiced speech, unvoiced speech and mixed excitation speech. In this context, the input sequence to the all-pole model is modeled as a suitable weighted linear combination of a block sparse signal and white noise. We develop the corresponding estimation procedure to reconstruct the generalized input sequence and model parameters via sparse Bayesian learning methods employing the Expectation-Maximization based procedure. Rigorous experiments have been performed to show the efficacy of our proposed model for the speech modeling task. By imposing a block sparse structure on the input sequence, the problems associated with the commonly used Linear Prediction approach is alleviated leading to a more robust modeling scheme.
Potential indirect anti-inflammatory effects of IL-4. Stimulation of human monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells by IL-4 increases aminopeptidase-N activity (CD13; EC 3.4.11.2). (1994)

Abstract IL-4 up-regulates various monocytic properties that are associated with pro-inflammatory functions. Paradoxically, IL-4 may also act as an anti-inflammatory agent by down-regulating the production of several inflammatory mediators. As the activity of some mediators has recently been shown to be regulated by peptidases, we examined whether IL-4 was able to modulate the expression of a cell membrane-associated peptidase, aminopeptidase-N (CD13). IL-4 caused a dose-dependent increase in the expression of CD13 Ag on highly purified human blood monocytes. Maximal expression was observed around 48 h of culture. This IL-4-induced increase was completely blocked by anti-IL-4 antiserum. Furthermore, the increase in surface expression was preceded by increased mRNA levels of CD13, which was maximal around 24 h of culture. We also observed that CD13-mediated leucine-aminopeptidase activity of monocytes was induced by IL-4. Other CD13-expressing cells were also sensitive to IL-4, as CD13 Ag expression and CD13 mRNA levels were up-regulated in human alveolar macrophages and endothelial cells upon IL-4 treatment. The increased expression of cell membrane aminopeptidase-N represents a potentially increased cellular ability to inactivate inflammatory mediators. Therefore, these findings represent further evidence of IL-4-mediated anti-inflammatory actions. We postulate that up-regulation of aminopeptidase-N expression may be an indirect mechanism of IL-4 to modulate the action of bioactive peptides. This mechanism may underlie, at least partially, the anti-inflammatory effects of IL-4 in vivo.
Visible‐Light‐Initiated Manganese Catalysis for C−H Alkylation of Heteroarenes: Applications and Mechanistic Studies (2017)

A visible-light-driven Minisci protocol that employs an inexpensive earth-abundant metal catalyst, decacarbonyldimanganese Mn<sub>2</sub> (CO)<sub>10</sub> , to generate alkyl radicals from alkyl iodides has been developed. This Minisci protocol is compatible with a wide array of sensitive functional groups, including oxetanes, sugar moieties, azetidines, tert-butyl carbamates (Boc-group), cyclobutanes, and spirocycles. The robustness of this protocol is demonstrated on the late-stage functionalization of complex nitrogen-containing drugs. Photophysical and DFT studies indicate a light-initiated chain reaction mechanism propagated by <sup>.</sup> Mn(CO)<sub>5</sub> . The rate-limiting step is the iodine abstraction from an alkyl iodide by <sup>.</sup> Mn(CO)<sub>5</sub> .
Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography–Based Assessments of Androgen Receptor Expression and Glycolytic Activity as a Prognostic Biomarker for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2017)

Heterogeneity of PET/CT imaging phenotype has clinical relevance on a lesion and individual patient level. With regard to mCRPC lesions, most express ARs, consistent with initial benefit of ARSi drugs. On a patient basis, 49% (groups 3 and 4) had at least 1 AR0Glyc1 lesion-the imaging phenotype with the most negative effect on survival, possibly due to ARSi resistance.
Beyond the Pixel-Wise Loss for Topology-Aware Delineation (2018)

Delineation of curvilinear structures is an important problem in Computer Vision with multiple practical applications. With the advent of Deep Learning, many current approaches on automatic delineation have focused on finding more powerful deep architectures, but have continued using the habitual pixel-wise losses such as binary cross-entropy. In this paper we claim that pixel-wise losses alone are unsuitable for this problem because of their inability to reflect the topological impact of mistakes in the final prediction. We propose a new loss term that is aware of the higher-order topological features of linear structures. We also exploit a refinement pipeline that iteratively applies the same model over the previous delineation to refine the predictions at each step, while keeping the number of parameters and the complexity of the model constant. When combined with the standard pixel-wise loss, both our new loss term and an iterative refinement boost the quality of the predicted delineations, in some cases almost doubling the accuracy as compared to the same classifier trained with the binary cross-entropy alone. We show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods on a wide range of data, from microscopy to aerial images.
Searching and Describing Audio Databases (2005)

A summary of topics, including music information extraction and similarity matching, meeting recordings, and personal audio "lifelog" archives.
Predictions of the effect of wing camber and thickness on airfoil self-noise (2014)

Two wing self-noise modeling methods were used to predict the effect of airfoil camber and thickness on wing self-noise and their relationship with lift. Both a semi-empirical airfoil self-noise prediction code called NAFNoise, and a noise metric which uses steady RANS models were used for the investigation. Development and previous validations of the NAFNoise code with experimental measurements are summarized to understand the limitations of the code. Predictions were made at low speed and moderate Reynolds number similar to the environment of a small unmanned aerial system. Self-noise predictions are plotted with lift coefficient for a series of camber and thickness changes. The boundary layer was tripped and left untripped to understand the effect boundary layer transition has on airfoil noise versus airfoil aerodynamic performance. Analysis indicated that increasing airfoil camber leads to higher overall sound level at lower angles of attack. An increase in airfoil camber increases lift at lower angles of attack. NAFnoise models with untripped boundary layers predict that increasing airfoil thickness leads to higher overall sound level, with largest increase in overall sound level at lower angles of attack. Results were inconclusive as to whether increasing camber is an effective way to increase lift coefficient and lift over drag without significantly increasing airfoil noise, because the conclusion was dependent on modeling methodology. NAFNoise models with untripped boundary layers indicated that increasing camber would result in a beneficial increase in section lift coefficient & lift over drag (up to about 8% camber) with minimal increase in noise production. RANS based noise metric and exclusion of the laminar boundary layer vortex shedding model from NAFNoise predictions indicated an increase in noise with section lift coefficient independent of airfoil camber.
Scanning-free imaging through a single fiber by random spatio-spectral encoding (2014)

We present an approach for two-dimensional (2D) imaging through a single single-mode or multimode fiber without the need for scanners. A random scattering medium placed next to the distal end of the fiber is used to encode the collected light from every imaged pixel with a different random spectral signature. 2D objects illuminated by a white-light source are then imaged from a single measured spectrum at the fiber's proximal end. The technique is insensitive to fiber bending, an advantage for endoscopic applications.
Design and Evaluation of a High-Performance, Low-Cost Prosthetic Foot for Developing Countries (2022)

Abstract A novel, high-performance, cosmetic, rugged, appropriately costed, and mass-manufacturable prosthetic foot for use in low-income countries was designed and field tested. This ruggedized foot was created to accommodate the unique economic, environmental, and cultural requirements for users in India. A previous prototype that enabled able-bodied like gait was modified to include a durable cosmetic cover without altering the tuned stiffness of the overall foot. After undergoing mechanical benchtop testing, the foot was distributed to prosthesis users in India to for at least 5 months. Afterward, participants underwent clinical tests to evaluate walking performance, and additional benchtop testing was performed on the field-tested feet to identify changes in performance. The ruggedized foot endured 1 × 106 fatigue cycles without failure and demonstrated the desired stiffness properties. Subjects walked significantly faster (0.14 m/s) with the ruggedized foot compared to the Jaipur foot, and the feet showed no visible sign of damage after months of use. Additionally, the field-tested feet showed little difference in stiffness from a set of unused controls. Anecdotal feedback from the participants indicated that the foot improved their speed and/or walking effort, but may benefit from more degrees-of-freedom about the ankle. The results suggest that the foot fulfills its design requirements; however, further field testing is required with more participants over a longer period to make sure the foot is suitable for use in developing countries.
New Publication Format for Applied Optics (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Glenn D. Boreman, "New Publication Format for Applied Optics," Appl. Opt. 43, 521-521 (2004) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Assessment of Nextera Long Mate-Pair Libraries: A Rapid, Low-Input Method for Mate-Pair Library Construction Yields Improved Assemblies (2013)

Long mate-pair libraries are invaluable tools for genome assembly. However, traditional methods of long mate-pair library construction require large (20 g) quantities of DNA and several days of hands-on time. Illuminas Nextera Long Mate-Pair (LMP) method is rapid and requires only 1 to 4 micrograms of input material. Here we present an initial assessment of the method for both gel-free and gel size-selected libraries using microbial, fungal, and plant samples. We observed uniform read coverage and high read uniqueness for Nextera LMP libraries. Assembly using ALLPATHS-LG generated low contig and scaffold numbers even with relatively low mate-pair coverage.
Supplementary Figure Legends from A Meta-analysis of Lung Cancer Gene Expression Identifies <i>PTK7</i> as a Survival Gene in Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 84KB&lt;/p&gt;
Functional mesoporous aluminosilicate nanoparticles as host material to fabricate photo-switchable polymer films (2011)

Precisely nano-sized aluminosilicate particles (average diameter size 50 to 80 nm) with tailor-made internal surface polarity are suitable as host material for photochromic dyes of the chromene type in order to produce optical transparent photoswitchable polymer films. The sophisticated host material does accomplish two important requirements for a technical application, appropriate internal space for the light induced reversible switching process of the adsorbed dye and suppression of disturbing chemical reactions. The adjustment of the internal surface polarity of the host material was achieved by silane reagents which could be observed by means of specific solvatochromic probes.
SUN-063 MORTALITY RISK OF FLUID OVERLOAD IN DIABETIC ESRD PATIENTS (2019)

Chronic fluid overload has been related to severely increased mortality in ESRD patients. In addition, the increasing prevalence of diabetes along with concomitant diseases make fluid management more difficult and calls for individualized fluid targets, taking co-morbidities into account. Aim of this work was to assess the mortality risk of diabetes in different degrees of chronic fluid overload, and to identify potential target ranges for optimal outcome.
Application specific trade-offs for WBG SiC, GaN and high end Si power switch technologies (2014)

There is an increasing choice of power switches in the 600V to 1700V range for the application engineers. Besides the well-established Si SJ (Super Junction) MOSFETs and IGBTs now also silicon carbide (SiC) and latest gallium nitride (GaN) power switches are available for new designs. Complete new system optimizations are possible driven by totally different trade off options e.g. between static and dynamic losses and their temperature dependencies. In this paper we explain these trade-offs for the different device types and show the consequences based on some prominent sample applications.
Intraovarian mechanisms in the hormonal control of granulosa cell differentiation in rats (1983)

The present review summarizes our studies on the hormonal control of the differentiation of granulosa cells in vitro. Studies on the hormonal regulation of granulosa cell oestrogen and progestagen biosynthesis by various regulatory agents facilitate our understanding of the control processes involved in follicular maturation and luteinization in vivo. This multiple hormonal control mechanism also provides an interesting model for future studies on the diverse mode of hormone action.
Spatial and temporal aberrator stability for real-time adaptive imaging (2005)

Reported real-time adaptive imaging systems use near-field phase correction techniques, which are desired because of their simple implementation and their compatibility with current system architectures. Aberrator stability is important to adaptive imaging because it defines the spatial and temporal limits for which the near-field phase estimates are valid. Spatial aberrator stability determines the required spatial sampling of the aberrator, and temporal aberrator stability determines the length of time for which the aberration profile can be used. In this study, the spatial and temporal stability of clinically measured aberrations is reported for breast, liver, and thyroid tissue. Cross correlations between aberration estimates revealed aberrators to have azimuthal isoplanatic patch sizes of 0.44, 0.28, and 0.20 mm for breast, liver, and thyroid tissue, respectively, at 80% correlation. Axial isoplanatic patch sizes were 1.26, 0.76, and 1.80 mm for the same tissue, respectively, at 80% correlation. Temporal stability at 80% correlation was determined to be greater than 1.5 seconds for breast and thyroid tissue, and 0.65 seconds for the liver. The effects of noise, motion, and target nonuniformity on aberrator stability are characterized by simulations and experiments in tissue mimicking phantoms.
Integrating giant magnetoresistive current and thermal sensors in power electronic modules (2004)

Motor drive technology relies on power electronic devices and current sensors for motor control. With active thermal control of IGBT junction temperatures, the reliability and full utilization of power devices can be improved. The intent of this research is to introduce the module-level integration of the GMR field detector as both a current and temperature sensor. The integration effort also includes a new type of flexible planar interconnect to replace conventional wire bonds. The integration goal is to improve the reliability and lower the cost of motor drive systems. Cost and reliability will benefit from a lower parts count and fewer interconnections. Because of the small size, inherent galvanic isolation, temperature dependence, high sensitivity and bandwidth, the magnetoresistive field detector offers promising options for both integrated current and temperature sensing methods. This research describes the operation of GMR, as well as the necessary signal conditioning circuitry for integrated current and temperature sensing. The measured performance attributes of the sensor are also shown. Finally, future plans are discussed which involve combining the current and temperature sensing capabilities with the design of an interconnect layout and observers for junction temperature estimation.