gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Identification of a Novel Prostate Tumor Target, Mindin/RG-1, for Antibody-Based Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Gene expression analysis showed that a human mindin homologue, mindin/RG-1, is expressed selectively in prostate tissues and that its expression level is elevated in some prostate tumors. Mindin/RG-1 protein expression is maintained in &gt;80% of prostate cancers metastatic to bone or lymph nodes as well as in locally recurrent tumors in androgen-unresponsive patients. In contrast, mindin/RG-1 expression in other normal tissues is significantly lower than that seen in the prostate. A fully human antibody, 19G9, was generated against mindin/RG-1 protein and was shown to accumulate at high abundance in LNCaP tumor xenografts. Conjugates of this antibody with the chelator CHX-A″-DTPA were generated and radiolabeled with either &lt;sup&gt;111&lt;/sup&gt;In, &lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Y, or &lt;sup&gt;86&lt;/sup&gt;Y. Small animal positron emission tomography imaging with the &lt;sup&gt;86&lt;/sup&gt;Y-radiolabeled conjugate showed very specific accumulation of the antibody in LNCaP tumor xenografts with clear tumor delineation apparent at 4 hours. The therapeutic efficacy of [&lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Y]-CHX-A″-DTPA-19G9 was evaluated in mice bearing LNCaP xenografts. A dose-finding study identified a nontoxic therapeutic dose to be ∼75 μCi. Significant antitumor effects were seen with a single administration of radiolabeled antibody to animals bearing 200 to 400 mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; tumors. Inhibition of tumor growth was observed in all treated animals over a 49-day period. At 49 days posttreatment, slow tumor growth recurred but this could be prevented for an additional 40-day period by a second administration of a 75 μCi dose at day 49. We conclude that [&lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Y]-CHX-A″-DTPA-19G9 is a novel antibody conjugate that has considerable promise for therapy of metastatic prostate cancer in androgen-unresponsive patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Titration of T cell help into epitope-based self-assembling vaccines (VAC12P.1017) (2014)

Abstract Distinct ratios of T effector cells are necessary for effective protective immunity. T cell epitope content plays a critical role in determining T effector cell outcome, but its effects are nonlinear and difficult to predict when designing vaccines. Here, we developed a precise experimental approach to generate vaccines with optimized antibody and CD4+ T cell responses, using non-covalent self-assembly of peptides to titrate a high-affinity universal T cell epitope (PADRE) into a nanoparticulate vaccine. Co-assembly of a B cell epitope (B peptide) from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with PADRE produced a modular vaccine that resembled a traditional protein conjugate, requiring cognate T-B interactions to raise an antibody response. Varying the PADRE concentration over nearly three orders of magnitude, from 5 μM to 1 mM, elicited bell-shaped dose-response curves for the anti-B peptide titers and PADRE-specific CD4+ cells, but these peaked at 10-fold different concentrations (0.05 and 0.005 mM, respectively). The antibody titer correlated with a peak in the T follicular helper response, while the total PADRE-specific T cell count reflected a peak in the Th1 and Th2 cells. Peak titers and affinities were similar to those obtained from an alum-adjuvanted B peptide-conjugate vaccine, indicating that titrating the T cell epitope provides a means to optimize the T effectors cells and generate strong responses in chemically precise vaccines.
Photoactive nanomaterials enabled integrated photo‐rechargeable batteries (2022)

The research interest in energy storage systems (<i>e.g.</i> batteries and capacitors) has been increasing over the last years. The rising need for electricity storage and overcoming the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources have been potent drivers of this increase. Solar energy is the most abundant renewable energy source. Thus, the combination of photovoltaic devices with energy storing systems has been pursued as a novel approach in applications such as electric vehicles and smart grids. Among all the possible configurations, the "direct" incorporation of photoactive materials in the storing devices is most attractive because it will enhance efficiency and reduce volume/weight compared to conventional systems comprised two individual devices. By generating and storing electricity in a singular device, integrated photo-rechargeable batteries offer a promising solution by directly storing electricity generated by sunlight during the day and reversibly releasing it at night time. They hold a sizable potential for future commercialization. This review highlights cutting-edge photoactive nanomaterials serving as photoelectrodes in integrated photobatteries. The importance and influence of their structure and morphology and relevant photocatalytic mechanisms will be focal points, being strong influencers of device performance. Different architecture designs and working principles are also included. Finally, challenges and limitations are discussed with the aim of providing an outlook for further improving the performance of integrated devices. We hope this up-to-date, in-depth review will act as a guide and attract more researchers to this new, challenging field, which has a bright application prospect.
Complexes of Borane and N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: A New Class of Radical Hydrogen Atom Donor (2008)

Calculations suggest that complexes of borane with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) have B-H bond dissocation energies more then 20 kcal/mol less than free borane, diborane, borane-THF, and related complexes. Values are in the range of popular radical hydrogen atom donors like tin hydrides (70-80 kcal/mol). The resulting prediction that NHC borane complexes could be used as radical hydrogen atom donors was verified by radical deoxygenations of xanthates by using either AIBN or triethylborane as initiator.
Anonymity Profiles for DHCP Clients (2016)

Some DHCP options carry unique identifiers. These identifiers can
enable device tracking even if the device administrator takes care of
randomizing other potential identifications like link-layer addresses
or IPv6 addresses. The anonymity profiles are designed for clients
that wish to remain anonymous to the visited network. The profiles
provide guidelines on the composition of DHCP or DHCPv6 messages,
designed to minimize disclosure of identifying information.
Sox9 and Lef1 Regulate the Fate and Behavior of Airway Glandular Progenitors in Response to Injury (2022)

Cartilaginous airways of larger mammals and the mouse trachea contain at least 3 well-established stem cell compartments, including basal cells of the surface airway epithelium (SAE) and ductal and myoepithelial cells of the submucosal glands (SMG). Here we demonstrate that glandular Sox9-expressing progenitors capable of SAE repair decline with age in mice. Notably, Sox9-lineage glandular progenitors produced basal and ciliated cells in the SAE, but failed to produce secretory cells. Lef1 was required for glandular Sox9 lineage contribution to SAE repair, and its deletion significantly reduced proliferation following injury. By contrast, in vivo deletion of Sox9 enhanced proliferation of progenitors in both the SAE and SMG shortly following injury, but these progenitors failed to proliferate in vitro in the absence of Sox9, similar to that previously shown for Lef1 deletion. In cystic fibrosis ferret airways, Sox9 expression inversely correlated with Ki67 proliferative marker expression in SMG and the SAE. Using in vitro and ex vivo models, we demonstrate that Sox9 is extinguished as glandular progenitors exit ducts and proliferate on the airway surface and that Sox9 is required for migration and proper differentiation of SMG, but not surface airway, progenitors. We propose a model whereby Wnt/Lef1 and Sox9 signals differentially regulate the proliferative and migratory behavior of glandular progenitors, respectively.
Correlations between UCA-destruction-induced bioeffects and inertial cavitation dose (2000)

Certain therapeutic applications of ultrasound may be enhanced by the use of ultrasound contrast agents, whose controlled destruction may produce a desired bioeffect. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms of microbubble destruction, and to quantify the relationship between bioeffects and the acoustical signature of these agents. In previous studies, we found two distinct thresholds for the ultrasonic destruction of shelled microbubbles: a fragmentation threshold (P1) at which the microbubble shell is disrupted, creating smaller bubbles, and an inertial cavitation [IC] threshold (P2) for sustained, vigorous IC activity. The inertial cavitation dose (ICD) was used to monitor continuous changes in IC activity. The samples, containing mixtures of Optison with either a buffer solution or whole blood, were insonified with a 1.1-MHz focused transducer (up to 4.4 MPa peak-to-peak). Below P2, the ICD increased slowly with increasing pressure amplitude; hemolysis accumulated more rapidly. Above P2, the ICD decreased. Increased hemolysis was observed between P1 and P2, and was associated with short bursts of IC activity. At fixed PRF, or fixed total ‘‘on’’ time (by adjustment of pulse length and PRF), a pulse length threshold existed for the ICD and hemolysis measurements. [Work supported by WTC and EKOS Corp.]
Tradeoff Issues for CCH/SCH Duty Cycle for IEEE 802.11p Single Channel Devices (2010)

In this paper we investigate the ratio of dwelling time in control channel (CCH) and service channel (SCH) for single channel devices deploying WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) protocols. Based on analytical model for both channels and four traffic types we present tradeoffs in channel performance when CCH/SCH duty cycle is changing. Our results show that, when video traffic is absent, duty cycles smaller than 0.5 can offer satisfactory performance on CCH while running larger amount of revenue generating traffic on SCH.
Graphite Intercalation Compounds Derived by Green Chemistry as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts (2020)

Precious group metal (PGM) catalysts such as Pt supported on carbon supports are expensive catalysts utilized for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their unmatched catalytic activity and durability. As an alternative, PGM-free ORR electrocatalysts that offer respectable catalytic activity are being pursued. Most of the notable PGM-free catalysts are obtained either from a bottom-up approach synthesis utilizing nitrogen-rich polymers as building blocks, or from a top down approach, where nitrogen and metal moieties are incorporated to carbonaceous matrixes. The systematic understanding of the origin of catalytic activity for either case is speculative and currently employed synthesis techniques typically generate large amounts of hazardous waste such as acids, oxidizing agents, and solvents. Herein, for the first time, we investigate the catalytic activity of graphite-based materials obtained via intercalation strategies that minimally perturb the graphitic backbone. Our outlined approaches demonstrate initial efforts to not only elucidate the role of each element but also significantly reduce the use of hazardous chemicals, which remains a pressing challenge. Graphite intercalation compounds (GIC) were obtained using fewer steps and solvent-free processes. X-ray diffraction and Raman results confirm the successful intercalation of FeCl<sub>3</sub> between graphite layers. Electrochemical data shows that the ORR performance of FeCl<sub>3</sub>-intercalated GIC displays slight improvement where the onset potential reaches 0.77 V vs RHE in alkaline environments. However, expansion of the graphite and solvent-free incorporation of iron and nitrogen moieties resulted in a significant increase in ORR activity with onset potential to 0.89 V vs RHE, a maximum half-wave of 0.72 V vs RHE, and a limiting current of about 2.5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. We anticipate that the use of near solvent-free processes that result in a high yield of catalysts along with the fundamental insight into the origin of electrochemical activity will tremendously impact the methodologies for developing next-generation ORR catalysts.
Neuroendocrine Response to Trihexyphenidyl in Depressed Patients (1992)

The effect of a single dose (10 mg P.O.) of trihexyphenidyl (THP) on plasma cortisol, growth hormone (GH), and immunoreactive beta-endorphin (ir-beta-EP) was studied in seven major depressed patients and seven controls. GH secretion was suppressed (34-41%) by THP in both groups. THP did not affect cortisol secretion in depressed patients and controls. An increase (18%; p less than 0.05) in plasma ir-beta-EP levels was detected in the healthy subjects only. The results of this study do not support the hypothesized altered responsiveness to anticholinergic provocation in major depression. The inhibitory activity of THP on GH secretion indicates the involvement of the cholinergic system in the regulation of GH release in humans.
The cellular secretory pathway is not utilized for biosynthesis, modification, or intracellular transport of the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (1987)

Unlike most proteins, which are localized within a single subcellular compartment in the eucaryotic cell, the simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (T-ag) is associated with both the nucleus and the plasma membrane. Current knowledge of protein processing would predict a role for the secretory pathway in the biosynthesis and transport of at least a subpopulation of T-ag to account for certain of its chemical modifications and for its ability to reach the cell surface. We have examined this prediction by using in vitro translation and translocation experiments. Preliminary experiments established that translation of T-ag was detectable with as little as 0.1 microgram of the total cytoplasmic RNA from SV40-infected cells. Therefore, by using a 100-fold excess of this RNA, the sensitivity of the assays was above the limits necessary to detect the theoretical fraction of RNA equivalent to the subpopulation of plasma-membrane-associated T-ag (2 to 5% of total T-ag). In contrast to a control rotavirus glycoprotein, the electrophoretic mobility of T-ag was not changed by the addition of microsomal vesicles to the in vitro translation mixture. Furthermore, T-ag did not undergo translocation in the presence of microsomal vesicles, as evidenced by its sensitivity to trypsin treatment and its absence in the purified vesicles. Identical results were obtained with either cytoplasmic RNA from SV40-infected cells or SV40 early RNA transcribed in vitro from a recombinant plasmid containing the SP6 promoter. SV40 early mRNA in infected cells was detected in association with free, but not with membrane-bound, polyribosomes. Finally, monensin, an inhibitor of Golgi function, failed to specifically prevent either glycosylation or cell surface expression of T-ag, although it did depress overall protein synthesis in TC-7 cells. We conclude from these observations that the constituent organelles of the secretory pathway are not involved in the biosynthesis, modification, or intracellular transport of T-ag. The initial step in the pathway of T-ag biosynthesis appears to be translation on free cytoplasmic polyribosomes. With the exclusion of the secretory pathway, we suggest that T-ag glycosylation, palmitylation, and transport to the plasma membrane are accomplished by previously unrecognized cellular mechanisms.
COHORT (2020)

Demand flexibility is increasingly important for power grids. Careful coordination of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) can modulate energy demand, decrease operating costs, and increase grid resiliency. We propose a novel distributed control framework for the Coordination Of HeterOgeneous Residential Thermostatically controlled loads (COHORT). COHORT is a practical, scalable, and versatile solution that coordinates a population of TCLs to jointly optimize a grid-level objective, while satisfying each TCL's end-use requirements and operational constraints. To achieve that, we decompose the grid-scale problem into subproblems and coordinate their solutions to find the global optimum using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). The TCLs' local problems are distributed to and computed in parallel at each TCL, making COHORT highly scalable and privacy-preserving. While each TCL poses combinatorial and non-convex constraints, we characterize these constraints as a convex set through relaxation, thereby making COHORT computationally viable over long planning horizons. After coordination, each TCL is responsible for its own control and tracks the agreed-upon power trajectory with its preferred strategy. In this work, we translate continuous power back to discrete on/off actuation, using pulse width modulation. COHORT is generalizable to a wide range of grid objectives, which we demonstrate through three distinct use cases: generation following, minimizing ramping, and peak load curtailment. In a notable experiment, we validated our approach through a hardware-in-the-loop simulation, including a real-world air conditioner (AC) controlled via a smart thermostat, and simulated instances of ACs modeled after real-world data traces. During the 15-day experimental period, COHORT reduced daily peak loads by an average of 12.5% and maintained comfortable temperatures.
Sexual dimorphism in functional pain syndromes (2021)

Injury-free pain conditions, defined as functional pain syndromes, are more prevalent and more disabling in women. Mechanisms of sexual dimorphism in functional pain are now emerging from preclinical studies, suggesting an opportunity to advance the development of sex-specific therapies that may improve treatment of pain in women.
Diabetes mellitus attenuates the pressure response against hypotensive stress by impairing the sympathetic regulation of the baroreflex afferent arc (2018)

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often show arterial pressure (AP) lability associated with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Because the arterial baroreflex tightly regulates AP via sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), we investigated the systematic baroreflex function, considering the control theory in DM by open-loop analysis. We used Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats as a type 2 DM model. Under general anesthesia, we isolated the carotid sinuses from the systemic circulation, changed intracarotid sinus pressure (CSP), and recorded SNA and AP responses. We compared CSP-AP (total loop), CSP-SNA (afferent arc), and SNA-AP (efferent arc) relationships between ZDF lean ( n = 8) and ZDF fatty rats ( n = 6). Although the total loop gain of baroreflex (ΔAP/ΔCSP) at the operating point did not differ between the two groups, the average gain in the lower CSP range was markedly reduced in ZDF fatty rats (0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.87 ± 0.10 mmHg/mmHg, P < 0.001). The afferent arc showed the same trend as the total loop, with a response threshold of 139.8 ± 1.0 mmHg in ZDF fatty rats. There were no significant differences in the gain of efferent arc between the two groups. Simulation experiments indicated a markedly higher AP fall and lower total loop gain of baroreflex in ZDF fatty rats than in ZDF lean rats against hypotensive stress because the efferent arc intersected with the afferent arc in the SNA unresponsive range. Thus, we concluded that impaired baroreflex sympathetic regulation in the lower AP range attenuates the pressure response against hypotensive stress and may partially contribute to AP lability in DM. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we investigated the open-loop baroreflex function, considering the control theory in type 2 diabetes mellitus model rats to address the systematic mechanism of arterial pressure (AP) lability in diabetes mellitus. The unresponsiveness of baroreflex sympathetic regulation in the lower AP range was observed in type 2 diabetic rats. It may attenuate the baroreflex pressure-stabilizing function and induce greater AP fall against hypotensive stress.
Acceleration-as-a-{\mu}Service: A Cloud-native Monte-Carlo Option Pricing Engine on CPUs, GPUs and Disaggregated FPGAs (2021)

The evolution of cloud applications into loosely-coupled microservices opens new opportunities for hardware accelerators to improve workload performance. Existing accelerator techniques for cloud sacrifice the consolidation benefits of microservices. This paper presents CloudiFi, a framework to deploy and compare accelerators as a cloud service. We evaluate our framework in the context of a financial workload and present early results indicating up to 485x gains in microservice response time.
Cooperative Rate-Splitting for MISO Broadcast Channel with User Relaying. (2019)

Due to its promising performance in a wide range of practical scenarios, Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has recently received significant attention in academia for the downlink of communication systems. In this letter, we propose and analyse a Cooperative Rate-Splitting (CRS) strategy based on the three-node relay channel where the transmitter is equipped with multiple antennas. By splitting user messages and linearly precoding common and private streams at the transmitter, and opportunistically asking the relaying user to forward its decoded common message, CRS can efficiently cope with a wide range of propagation conditions (disparity of user channel strengths and directions) and compensate for performance degradation due to deep fading. The precoder design and resource allocation scheme are optimized by solving the Weighted Sum Rate (WSR) maximization problem. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed CRS scheme can achieve an explicit rate region improvement compared to its non-cooperative counterpart and other cooperative strategies (such as cooperative NOMA).
Scalar Linear Network Coding for Networks with Two Sources (2010)

Determining the capacity of networks has been a long-standing issue of interest in the literature. Although for multi-source multi-sink networks it is known that using network coding is advantageous over traditional routing, finding the best coding strategy is not trivial in general. Among different classes of codes that could be potentially used in a network, linear codes due to their simplicity are of particular interest. Although linear codes are proven to be sub-optimal in general, in some cases such as the multicast scenario they achieve the cut-set bound. Since determining the capacity of a network is closely related to the characterization of the entropy region of all its random variables, if one is interested in finding the best linear solution for a network, one should find the region of all linear representable entropy vectors of that network. With this approach, we study the scalar linear solutions over arbitrary network problems with two sources. We explicitly calculate this region for small number of variables and suggest a method for larger networks through finding the best scalar linear solution to a storage problem as an example of practical interest.