gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance limits on beamforming with finite rate feedback for multiple antenna systems (2003)

In this work, we address the problem of evaluating the outage performance of beamformers designed for multiple transmit and single receive antenna systems when quantized channel state information is available at the transmitter. We present a tight universal lower bound for the outage probability of an arbitrary beamformer codebook consisting of a finite number of beamforming vectors. We also characterized the loss in outage performance due to the quantized nature of the channel information available at the transmitter. In particular, we show that the outage probability of beamforming based on quantized channel information approaches the performance of perfect information beamforming as (t-1)2/sup -B/(t-1)/, where B is the number of bits used to quantize the vector channel and t is the number of transmit antennas.
EVALUATING METHOD OF EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BOXED WALL-BUILDINGS(Structure) (2006)

In this paper, evaluations of earthquake response of a five stories reinforced concrete boxed wall-building using the capacity spectrum method considering structure-soil interaction are conducted. Three different soil conditions are considered in the evaluations. The horizontal strength and the ductility of buildings in stiff soil condition, the horizontal stiffness and strength of buildings in intermediate soil condition, and the horizontal strength of buildings in soft soil condition are important for the seismic safety of reinforced concrete boxed wall-buildings.
A single-step isolation of squalene from olive oil deodorizer distillates by using centrifugal partition chromatography (2015)

High added-value squalene (SQ) was purified in one step from olive oil deodorizer distillates (OODD) using preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) method, operating in the dual mode. The fractionation was performed using a non-aqueous biphasic solvent system consisting of heptane–acetonitrile–butanol (1.8:1.4:0.7, v/v/v), leading to the isolation of the target compound in 4 hours, using a preparative 1L column. Furthermore, a fast UHPLC-DAD method was developed and applied for the identification and quantification of SQ in both OODD and purified form. The content of SQ in the initial material was 23.4%, while the purity of the isolated SQ was 95.5%. The recovery of SQ was calculated at 76.3%. The productivity of the process was calculated at 234 mg/h/L.
A molecular boron cluster-based chromophore with dual emission (2020)

Bromination of the luminescent borane, anti-B18H22, via electrophilic substitution using AlCl3 and Br2, yields the monosubstituted derivative 4-Br-anti-B18H21 as an air-stable crystalline solid. In contrast to the unsubstituted parent compound, 4-Br-anti-B18H21 possesses dual emission upon excitation with UV light and exhibits fluorescence at 410 nm and phosphorescence at 503 nm, with Φtotal = 0.07 in oxygen-free cyclohexane. Increased oxygen content in cyclohexane solution quenches the phosphorescence signal. The fluorescent signal intensity remains unaffected by oxygen, suggesting that this molecule could be used as a ratiometric oxygen probe.
Restoring high-resolution binary images for text enhancement (2005)

A new method for restoring high-resolution binary images is presented to improve legibility of low-resolution document images. The initially restored image is generated by simple techniques, and is then improved by integrating a variety of features obtained through image analysis. Missing strokes of characters are complemented based on topographic features. Contours of characters are then modified in terms of gradient magnitudes and curvatures along the contours. Finally, contours are beautified so that they look good to the human eye. The proposed method can deal with characters having complex structures such as Kanji, and entails relatively simple computation. Smoothness and linearity along contours are significantly improved and strokes are restored correctly. The proposed method also improves OCR accuracy.
Ad populum. Parlare alla pancia: retoriche del populism o in Europa (2016)

Recensiamo il libro Ad populum. Parlare alla pancia: retorica del populismo in Europa. Eds. Bruno Ca- paci e Giuditta Spassini. Bologna: I libri di Emil di Odoya srl., 2016. Stampa. Review of Ad populum. Parlare alla pancia: retorica del populismo in Europa. Eds. Bruno Capaci and Giuditta Spassini. Bologna: I libri di Emil di Odoya srl., 2016. Print
Rapid determination of short DNA sequences by the use of MALDI-MS (2000)

We have developed a protocol for rapid sequencing of short DNA stretches (15-20 nt) using MALDI-TOF-MS. The protocol is based on the Sanger concept with the modification that double-stranded template DNA is used and all four sequencing reactions are performed in one reaction vial. The sequencing products are separated and detected by MALDI-TOF-MS and the sequence is determined by comparing measured molecular mass differences to expected values. The protocol is optimized for low costs and broad applicability. One reaction typically includes 300 fmol template, 10 pmol primer and 200 pmol each nucleotide monomer. Neither the primer nor any of the nucleotide monomers are labeled. Solid phase purification, concentration and mass spectrometric sample preparation of the sequencing products are accomplished in a few minutes and parallel processing of 96 samples is possible. The mass spectrometric analyses and subsequent sequence read-out require only a few seconds per template.
Stereoselective synthesis of a synthon for the A-ring of taxol from R-(+)-verbenone (1995)

The efficient conversion of R-(+)-verbenone to bicyclic lactone 6, a potentially useful intermediate for the synthesis of taxanes, is described. The introduction of C-1 (taxane numbering) oxygen functionality is also reported, thereby completing the synthesis of the A-ring subunit of taxol.
Beginning-to-end wafer bonding for advanced optical systems (2003)

The old adage "Work Smarter, Not Harder" is certainly applicable in today's competitive marketplace for Optical MEMS. In order to survive the current economic conditions, high volume manufacturers must get optimum performance and yield from each design and manufactured component. Wafer bonding, and its numerous variants, is entering mainstream production environments by providing solutions throughout the production flow. For example, SOI (silicon on insulator) and other laminated materials such as GaAs/Si are used as cost effective alternatives to molecular epitaxy methods for Bragg mirrors, rf resonators, and hybrid device fabrication. Temporary wafer bonding is used extensively to allow fragile compound semiconductors to be attached to rigid support wafers. This allows for front side and backside processing with a reduction in wafer breakage and increases in thickness uniformity results after backgrind operations. Permanent wafer bonding is used to attach compound semiconductors to each other or silicon to completely integrate optical components and logic or MEMS components. Permanent hermetic sealing is used for waveguide formation and, when combined with vacuum sealing, higher performance is achieved for RF resonators. Finally, many of the low temperature solders and eutectic alloys are finding application in low temperature wafer-to-wafer level packaging of optical devices to ceramic packages. Through clever application of these bonding methods, throughput increases and reduction in fabrication complexity givs a clear edge in the market place. This presentation will provide guidelines and process overviews needed to adopt wafer-to-wafer bonding technologies into the high volume-manufacturing environment.
Energetics of Formation and Oxidation of Microporous Calcium Aluminates:  A New Class of Electrides and Ionic Conductors (2005)

Microporous calcium aluminates with a common formula [Ca12Al14O33-δ]2δ+(2δe-), (0 < δ ≤ 1), represent a new family of electrides with conducting extraframework electrons encaged within the framework. Their enthalpies of oxidation to eliminate these electrons and obtain a stoichiometric Ca12Al14O33 compound, and formation enthalpies relative to the most stable annealed calcium aluminate Ca12Al14O33.46 (which contains excess oxygen probably as O- and O2- species), are studied by transposed temperature drop calorimetry and drop solution calorimetry in molten lead borate at 1080 K. The standard enthalpy of oxidation per O2 consumed is −579.4 ± 9.4 kJ/mol (or −144.8 ± 9.4 kJ per encaged electron). The enthalpies obtained for samples with variable amounts of electrons (and less than 33 oxygens per formula unit) are compared to that for oxidation of a stoichiometric Ca12Al14O33 sample to an oxygen-rich composition. The study supports the idea that the oxidation of the stoichiometric Ca12Al14O33 sample results in formation of extraframework ions (O2- and O-) with a standard enthalpy at 298 K of −161.9 ± 11.2 kJ per mol of O2, which is in good agreement with previous data by Hayashi et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108 (26), 8920) obtained for the same reaction at 898 K by electron paramagnetic resonance. The energetics of oxidation of electron-rich samples are discussed in terms of an electride model and “ionic” bonding of an encaged electron in the framework.
Design and Performance Analysis of a Novel Distributed Queue Access Protocol for Cellular-Based Massive M2M Communications (2017)

This paper proposes a novel access protocol based on the distributed queue (DQ) mechanism to effectively tackle the massive access issue in the cellular-based machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. To fully take the advantage of the DQ mechanism, we newly propose a method to avoid the DQ's inherent over-division problem by letting the base station first roughly probes the number of colliding devices in a random access opportunity. Based on the probing result, the base station then randomly divides these devices into a determined number of groups and “pushes”these groups to the end of a logical access queue. In addition, we develop an analytic model to accurately estimate the average access delay of the proposed protocol in the massive scenarios. Computer simulations are also performed to validate the correctness of the analytic model as well as the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in comparison with the LTE standard and conventional DQ access schemes.
Active Ge Based Devices for Silicon Photonics (2009)

Some of the crucial building blocks for Si photonics are high performance photodetectors, modulators, and efficient light sources. High quality Ge epitaxial films on Si have opened new possibilities for high performance CMOS compatible devices.
A Low-Energy Room-Temperature Hydrogen Nanosensor: Utilizing the Schottky Barriers at the Electrode/Sensing-Material Interfaces (2010)

The hydrogen-sensing performance of a nanosensor integrating interdigitated electrodes with a gap of 100 nm and indium-oxide-doped tin dioxide nanoparticles is investigated at room temperature. The nonlinear behavior observed from the I/V curves of the sensor in air atmosphere indicated the presence of a Schottky barrier contact at the electrode/sensing-material interface. The linear I/V response obtained in hydrogen atmosphere suggested that the Schottky barrier height could be modulated in the presence of hydrogen. At a low applied voltage of 0.4 V and 0.09-vol% hydrogen gas exposure, a very large sensitivity of 2300 and a short response time of 127 s were recorded.
Sequence and Environmental Effect on the Formation of G‐Triplex DNA (2019)

It has recently been shown that certain G‐quadruplex DNA (G4) structures fold via a “G‐triplex” intermediate, and that the corresponding truncated G‐quadruplex‐forming oligonucleotides also adopt G‐triplex structures. However, it is not clear how general G‐triplex formation is, or how sequence and buffer conditions affect G‐triplex formation. Our approach to investigate G‐triplex formation by a series of truncated G4‐DNA sequences used CD spectroscopy, UV thermal‐difference spectroscopy, CD derived and UV derived melting temperature measurements, and native PAGE gels to characterize the topology and thermal stability of these structures in Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ containing buffers. G‐triplex formation is a general phenomenon for a wide range of truncated G4 DNA sequences. We examined 16 different variants of the G ≥2 T 1–4 G ≥2 T 1–4 G ≥2 sequence as well as truncated versions of the TBA and human telomeric G4 DNA in both forward and reverse permutations. All of these sequences can adopt G‐triplex structures. However, we note that the number of nucleotides in the loop and sequence direction affect G‐triplex topology. Sequences with longer G‐tracks tends to form parallel G‐triplex, as do sequences with fewer loop residues. Permutation of the direction of the truncated G4 DNA sequence also affect G‐triplex folding topology. Environmental effects on topology were also noted, with divalent metal ions (Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ) favoring parallel topologies. Using thermal‐difference spectroscopy, we have identified two families of spectra that correlate to G‐triplexes with a parallel topology. Analysis by native PAGE indicates that some sequences may form multiple G‐triplex topologies under certain environmental conditions. Temperature melts have provided information regarding sequence composition, sequence direction, and environmental conditions on the thermal stability of G‐triplex DNA. Sequences with longer G‐runs form G‐triplex structures that are more thermally stable (GGGG &gt; GGG &gt; GG). Shorter T‐loops form G‐triplex structures that are more thermally stable (TT &gt;TTT &gt; TTTT). Direction of sequence also effects the stability. Environmental conditions such as the presence of different cations have an effect of stability (Ca 2+ &gt; K + &gt; Mg 2+ ≥ Na + ). The biological relevance of G‐triplex DNA is still not entirely understood. Understanding how sequence effects and environmental conditions affect G‐triplex structure and stability is essential for better studying G‐quadruplex DNA and the biological relevance of G‐triplex DNA. Support or Funding Information CPRIT HIHR Grant RP160852 and Texas State University. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Development of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate Using Plant-Based Manufacturing and a Tobacco Mosaic Virus-like Nano-Particle (2021)

Stable, effective, easy-to-manufacture vaccines are critical to stopping the COVID-19 pandemic resulting from the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. We constructed a vaccine candidate CoV-RBD121-NP, which is comprised of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike glycoprotein (S) fused to a human IgG1 Fc domain (CoV-RBD121) and conjugated to a modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanoparticle. In vitro, CoV-RBD121 bound to the host virus receptor ACE2 and to the monoclonal antibody CR3022, a neutralizing antibody that blocks S binding to ACE2. The CoV-RBD121-NP vaccine candidate retained key SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes, had consistent manufacturing release properties of safety, identity, and strength, and displayed stable potency when stored for 12 months at 2-8 °C or 22-28 °C. Immunogenicity studies revealed strong antibody responses in C57BL/6 mice with non-adjuvanted or adjuvanted (7909 CpG) formulations. The non-adjuvanted vaccine induced a balanced Th1/Th2 response and antibodies that recognized both the S1 domain and full S protein from SARS2-CoV-2, whereas the adjuvanted vaccine induced a Th1-biased response. Both adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted vaccines induced virus neutralizing titers as measured by three different assays. Collectively, these data showed the production of a stable candidate vaccine for COVID-19 through the association of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD with the TMV-like nanoparticle.
Roles for the Human ATP-dependent Lon Protease in Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance (2007)

Human mitochondrial Lon is an ATP-powered proteolytic machine that specifically binds to single-stranded G-rich DNA and RNA in vitro. However, it is unknown whether Lon binds mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in living cells or functions in mtDNA integrity. Here, we demonstrate that Lon interacts with the mitochondrial genome in cultured cells using mtDNA immunoprecipitation (mIP). Lon associates with sites distributed primarily within one-half of the genome and preferentially with the control region for mtDNA replication and transcription. Bioinformatic analysis of mIP data revealed a G-rich consensus sequence. Consistent with these findings, in vitro experiments showed that the affinity of Lon for single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides correlates with conformity to this consensus. To examine the role of Lon in mtDNA maintenance, cells carrying an inducible short hairpin RNA for Lon depletion were used. In control and Lon-depleted cells, mtDNA copy number was essentially the same in the presence or absence of oxidative stress. However when oxidatively stressed, control cells exhibited an increased frequency of mtDNA lesions, whereas Lon-depleted cells showed little if any mtDNA damage. This suggests that oxidative mtDNA damage is permitted when Lon is present and prevented when Lon is substantially depleted. Upon oxidative stress, mIP showed reduced Lon binding to mtDNA; however binding to the control region was unaffected. It is unlikely that oxidative modification of Lon blocks its ability to bind DNA in vivo as results show that oxidized purified Lon retains sequence-specific DNA binding. Taken together, these results demonstrate that mtDNA binding is a physiological function of Lon and that cellular levels of Lon influence sensitivity to mtDNA damage. These findings suggest roles for Lon in linking protein and mtDNA quality control.
The New Chroma Signal Recording System for 8MM Video (1984)

The 8 MM Video standard was finalized by the Working Group composed of many companies in the world in March, 1983. The new chroma signal recording system of the 8 MS, Video standard to which we especially contributed and the new circuits to realize this system are described.
Long term clinical and histological safety and efficacy of CO2 laser for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: an original study (2022)

Objective: To evaluate the histological modifications of the vaginal mucosa after repeated microablative fractional CO2 lasers treatments. As secondary objectives we evaluated the clinical effects associated with repeated microablative fractional CO2 lasers treatments using validated questionnaires. Design: Prospective intervention study. Setting: Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Urogynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Sample: 15 postmenopausal women complaining of genitourinary syndrome of menopause symptoms. Methods: one cohort of patients submitted to at least two previous laser treatment cycles in the past years. Main outcome measures: Vaginal Health Index (VHI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Urinary Incontinence (ICIQ-UI) and 5-point Likert scale. Moreover an histological examinations were carried out on all samples. Results: At 4 weeks after the last treatment VHI score and all FSFI items resulted significantly increased compared baseline. We observed a statistically significant decrease both in frequency and severity for all urinary symptoms after the follow up. We observed a statistically significant increase in the number of epithelial cell layer with a consequent increase in epithelial thickness, in the number of glycogen filled cells, and in the number of papillae, after the laser treatment. No signs of fibrosis were observed since neovascularization was observed in each single woman. Conclusions: This is the first study demonstrating the histological persistency of efficacy in repeated annually laser treatment cycles, with tissue changes always leading to regenerative results without any sign of fibrosis.
High-sensitivity high-resolution sampling using linear optics and waveguide optical hybrid (2004)

A practical sampling setup based on linear interference of an optical signal with a sampling pulse in a waveguide optical hybrid demonstrates record-sensitivity sampling of eye diagrams up to 640 Gb/s with high fidelity.
Defect-based methodology for workload-dependent circuit lifetime projections - Application to SRAM (2013)

Despite a number of recent advances made in understanding bias temperature instability (BTI), there is still no simple simulation methodology available which can capture the impact of BTI degradation on deeply scaled transistors, while incorporating the widely distributed defect parameters. We present a physics-based defect-controlled methodology for projecting defect property distributions into circuit lifetime and performance distributions. This methodology allows evaluating the entire population of traps (from fast to slow recoverable and permanent traps), which results in faster simulation and proper extrapolation towards long operating lifetimes.
Primary Nucleation in Polymer Crystallization (2001)

Isothermal crystallization of a low-molecular-weight poly(ethylene oxide) from both isotropic and structured melts at low undercoolings has been investigated via simultaneous measurements of small angle and wide angle X-ray scatterings (SAXS and WAXS). An evolution of the SAXS pattern was observed prior to the appearance of crystallinity determined through WAXS. A possible interpretation of this experimental observation is provided through the nucleation concept: primary nuclei exist in the melt due to localized large-amplitude density fluctuations in the isotropic medium.
The priority ceiling protocol: A method for minimizing the blocking of high priority Ada tasks (1988)

These conditions are not unique to Ada.They can
Crystallization of tethered polyethylene in confined geometries (1999)

Ordered poly(ethylene)-poly(vinylcyclohexane) (PE-PVCH) block copolymers are employed to study the crystallization of tethered PE in confined geometries. The high Tg of the PVCH component of these materials forces PE chains to crystallize in well-defined geometries dictated by the mesophase structure of the block copolymer. Effects of chain tethering on crystallization are examined through comparison of singly-tethered PE chains in PE-PVCH (EV) diblocks and doubly-tethered PE in PVCH-PE-PVCH (VEV) triblocks. Crystallinity is independent of the block copolymer mesophase structure in both the EV and VEV systems, although crystallinity in VEV depends on the molecular weight of the PE block of the copolymer. Melting temperature data indicate that spatial confinement reduces crystallite size in EV and VEV, and that the double tethering of PE chains in VEV reduces crystallite size further through topological constraints. Crystal nucleation and growth depend strongly on the type of microstructure in both EV and VEV block copolymers. Differences in the overall rate of crystallization are correlated with the dimensional continuity of the PE microdomains. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37:2053–2068, 1999