gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON TRYPSIN INHIBITORS Part IX. Synthesis and Trypsin Inhibitory Activity of the Duopentacontapeptide Corresponding to the Amino Acid Sequence of Porcine Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor II (Kazal)* (1979)

The synthesis of the protected duopentacontapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence 1–52 of porcine pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor II (Kazal type) is described. The benzyloxycarbonyltetradecapeptide tert‐ butyloxycarbonylhydrazide (sequence 1–14) was selectively deblocked with trifluoroacetic acid and used to acylate, by the azide procedure, the peptide free base corresponding to the sequence 15–52. The isolated material was purified by ion exchange chromatography and the protecting groups were removed by successive treatments with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, 1M piperidine and mercuric acetate. Folding and formation of the disulfide bonds was accomplished by air oxidation in 0.02M phosphate buffer, pH8. Determination of the inhibitory capacity indicated that the synthetic material is about 50% effective, at 30:1 inhibitor:trypsin molar ratio, in inhibiting the tryptic hydrolysis of Nα‐benzoyl‐ dl ‐arginine‐4‐nitroanilide. Full inhibition was achieved at a higher inhibitor:trypsin molar ratio. The stability constants and the standard free energy of binding of the complex between trypsin and the synthetic inhibitor have been determined.
Time-Resolved Nanometer Scale AFM Imaging of Antimicrobial Peptide Activity on Live Escherichia coli Cells (2014)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
ChemInform Abstract: ROTENOID INTERCONVERSION. SYNTHESIS OF ELLIPTONE FROM ROTENONE (1980)

Abstract Das Derivat (II) des (‐)‐Rotenons (I) wird umgesetzt, um das (‐)‐Ellipton (III) darzustellen.
Laser R&amp;D at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for fusion and isotope separation applications (1984)

Application objectives of the Laser Fusion and Isotope Separation Programs at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are reviewed, and projected laser system performance requirements for each application are summarized. Historical perspectives of the laser technology options considered to meet these requirements are described, and technical highlights in the ensuing development of Nd: glass (fusion), and copper vapor and tunable dye (isotope separation) laser systems are given.
Action recognition using probabilistic parsing (2002)

A new approach to the recognition of temporal behaviours and activities is presented. The fundamental idea, inspired by work in speech recognition, is to divide the inference problem into two levels. The lower level is performed using standard independent probabilistic temporal event detectors such as hidden Markov models (HMMs) to propose candidate detections of low level temporal features. The outputs of these detectors provide the input stream for a stochastic context-free grammar parsing mechanism. The grammar and parser provide longer range temporal constraints, disambiguate uncertain low level detections, and allow the inclusion of a priori knowledge about the structure of temporal events in a given domain. To achieve such a system we provide techniques for generating a discrete symbol stream from continuous low level detectors and for enforcing temporal exclusion constraints during parsing. We demonstrate the approach in several experiments using both visual and other sensing data.
A periodic pattern of SNPs in the human genome (2007)

By surveying a filtered, high-quality set of SNPs in the human genome, we have found that SNPs positioned 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 bp apart are more frequent than SNPs positioned 3, 5, 7, or 9 bp apart. The observed pattern is not restricted to genomic regions that are known to cause sequencing or alignment errors, for example, transposable elements (SINE, LINE, and LTR), tandem repeats, and large duplicated regions. However, we found that the pattern is almost entirely confined to what we define as "periodic DNA." Periodic DNA is a genomic region with a high degree of periodicity in nucleotide usage. It turned out that periodic DNA is mainly small regions (average length 16.9 bp), widely distributed in the genome. Furthermore, periodic DNA has a 1.8 times higher SNP density than the rest of the genome and SNPs inside periodic DNA have a significantly higher genotyping error rate than SNPs outside periodic DNA. Our results suggest that not all SNPs in the human genome are created by independent single nucleotide mutations, and that care should be taken in analysis of SNPs from periodic DNA. The latter may have important consequences for SNP and association studies.
Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Complexes That Contain Triamidoamine Ligands of the Type (C6F5NCH2CH2)3N and Activation of Dinitrogen by Molybdenum (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Complexes That Contain Triamidoamine Ligands of the Type (C6F5NCH2CH2)3N and Activation of Dinitrogen by MolybdenumMoshe Kol, Richard R. Schrock, Rhett Kempe, and William M. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 10, 4382–4390Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00089a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00089a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1518Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
On impedance matching and bandwidth of compact antenna arrays (2005)

We analyze the impact of the matching network on compact MIMO systems. Existing studies have found that the matching network has a significant influence on the performance of multiple antenna systems when the antennas are in close proximity. However, none has examined the wideband case. In this paper, we investigate the wideband performance of four different matching networks for multiple dipole antennas. The performance of the matching networks is given in terms of the bandwidths of correlation and matching efficiency, which are extensions of the single-antenna concept of bandwidth to multiple antenna systems. For a uniform 2D angular power spectrum, we find that while individual-port matching can achieve a large correlation bandwidth for envelope correlation of 0.5 at a small antenna separation of 0.01l, multiport matching is required for efficiency bandwidth to be defined for a return loss of −6dB. Moreover, even with multiport matching, both correlation and efficiency bandwidths decrease drastically at small antenna separations.
Nonlinear Dynamics of MEMS Arches (2010)

In this paper, the dynamic response of electrostatically actuated clamped-clamped arch microbeam is investigated when excited by a DC load superimposed to an AC harmonic load. The dynamic analysis is carried out using a Galerkin-based reduced order model along with a shooting technique to find periodic motions and analyzing its stability using a Floquet theory. Results are presented for the cases of primary and super harmonic resonances. We found several nonlinear dynamic phenomena due to the inherent nonlinear electrostatic force and geometric nonlinearity of the arch. These include frequency-amplitude dependence, jumps, tangent bifurcations, coexistence of solutions, and softening and hardening behaviors. The shooting technique showed high robustness in capturing both the stable and unstable states of the system. Hence, it helped clarify vague behaviors that were previously reported using longtime integration of the equations of motion.
[Non traumatic pathology of the shoulder: when to perform surgery?]. (2006)

Non traumatic pathology of the shoulder was broken down in four entities: (1) articular stiffness are best treated with rehabilitation and an arthroscopic arthrolysis is rarely recommended; (2) rotator cuff pathology is represented by calcifying and non calcifying tendinitis, partial and full thickness rotator cuff tears; surgical treatment is performed nowadays under arthroscopy; after 50 years old, surgery is indicated after failure of conservative treatment; (3) glenohumeral osteoarthritis and arthritis are best treated with prosthesis; the results are now comparable to hip arthroplasty; (4) chronic acromio-clavicular pathology is usually treated conservatively.
Non-Abelian generalizations of the Hofstadter model: spin–orbit-coupled butterfly pairs (2020)

The Hofstadter model, well known for its fractal butterfly spectrum, describes two-dimensional electrons under a perpendicular magnetic field, which gives rise to the integer quantum Hall effect. Inspired by the real-space building blocks of non-Abelian gauge fields from a recent experiment, we introduce and theoretically study two non-Abelian generalizations of the Hofstadter model. Each model describes two pairs of Hofstadter butterflies that are spin-orbit coupled. In contrast to the original Hofstadter model that can be equivalently studied in the Landau and symmetric gauges, the corresponding non-Abelian generalizations exhibit distinct spectra due to the non-commutativity of the gauge fields. We derive the genuine (necessary and sufficient) non-Abelian condition for the two models from the commutativity of their arbitrary loop operators. At zero energy, the models are gapless and host Weyl and Dirac points protected by internal and crystalline symmetries. Double (8-fold), triple (12-fold), and quadrupole (16-fold) Dirac points also emerge, especially under equal hopping phases of the non-Abelian potentials. At other fillings, the gapped phases of the models give rise to topological insulators. We conclude by discussing possible schemes for experimental realization of the models on photonic platforms.
Wireless MIMO Switching (2011)

In a generic switching problem, a switching pattern consists of a one-to-one mapping from a set of inputs to a set of outputs (i.e., a permutation). We propose and investigate a wireless switching framework in which a multi-antenna relay is responsible for switching traffic among a set of $N$ stations. We refer to such a relay as a MIMO switch. With beamforming and linear detection, the MIMO switch controls which stations are connected to which stations. Each beamforming matrix realizes a permutation pattern among the stations. We refer to the corresponding permutation matrix as a switch matrix. By scheduling a set of different switch matrices, full connectivity among the stations can be established. In this paper, we focus on "fair switching" in which equal amounts of traffic are to be delivered for all $N(N-1)$ ordered pairs of stations. In particular, we investigate how the system throughput can be maximized. In general, for large $N$ the number of possible switch matrices (i.e., permutations) is huge, making the scheduling problem combinatorially challenging. We show that for N=4 and 5, only a subset of $N-1$ switch matrices need to be considered in the scheduling problem to achieve good throughput. We conjecture that this will be the case for large $N$ as well. This conjecture, if valid, implies that for practical purposes, fair-switching scheduling is not an intractable problem.
Design of Novel Solid-State Electrolytes Based on Plastic Crystals of Quinuclidinolium Methanesulfonate for Proton Conduction (2023)

A series of methanesulfonate salts with various globular cations, including the achiral 3-quinuclidonium [QHco]+, the racemic (3)-hydroxyquinuclidinium [QHrac]+, and the enantiopure (3)-hydroxyquinuclidinium R-[QH]+, have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Despite the high degree of similarity among components, only the enantiopure salt R-[QH]MS was found to undergo a reversible plastic transition at high temperature. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was successfully applied to study proton conductivity associated with temperature variations and the plastic phase transition under inert and dry conditions. Ionic conductivity at RT was lower than 10–11 S cm–1 and drastically increased up to 1.03 × 10–3 S cm–1 at 145 °C due to the onset of the plastic phase transition.
On the Development of Systems-of-Systems based on the Internet of Things (2014)

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a paradigm in which smart things actively collaborate among them and with other physical and virtual objects available in the Web in order to perform high level tasks. These things can be engaged in complex relationships including the composition and collaboration with other independent and heterogeneous systems in order to provide new functionalities, thus leading to the so-called systems-of-systems (SoS). In the context of integrating IoT-based systems in order to compose complex, large-scale SoS, this paper presents a systematic mapping aimed to discuss current scenarios and approaches in the development of IoT-based SoS, as well as some challenges and research opportunities in this context.
Erratum: “Kinetic study of Al-mole fraction in AlxGa1−xN grown on c-plane sapphire and AlN bulk substrates by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 051104 (2007)] (2007)

First Page
Distillate Hydrotreating to Ultra-low-sulfur Diesel – the Impact of Aromatics (2011)

Abstract Distillate hydrotreating has become a key concern in the refining industry owing to ultra-low-sulfur diesel legislation. Rate-limiting parameters that had previously been overlooked, such as aromatic inhibition, may need to be considered for the production of ultra-low-sulfur diesel (<10 weight parts per million wppm sulfur). As hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and aromatic saturation (HDA) reactions occur in parallel in a shared environment, they compete for the necessary resources, namely, hydrogen and catalyst sites. A series of pilot plant and numerical simulation experiments were completed in order to explore how the competition for hydrogen and catalyst sites impacts the rate of HDS in the presence of poly-cyclic aromatics. A diagnostic pilot plant test showed that external mass transfer was not rate-limiting. Intra-particle mass and energy transport were investigated by calculating the concentration and temperature gradients in a catalyst pellet. The effectiveness factors for HDS and HDA decreased in the presence of increased aromatics concentrations. However, the magnitude of the changes was insufficient to conclude that the competition for hydrogen was the sole mechanism needed to explain the suppression of HDS activity. Furthermore, the pilot plant data indicated that the presence of poly-aromatics has a more significant impact on the slower HDS reactions (sterically hindered dibenzothiophenes). As a result, it was concluded that aromatics inhibition (competitive adsorption on catalyst sites) impacted the rate of HDS most significantly. Although the consequences were significant, the impact of aromatic inhibition was minor relative to the analogous nitrogen inhibition. Keywords: Distillate HydrotreatingUltra low sulfur DieselAromatic InhibitionNitrogen InhibitionKineticsHydrodesulfurization
Focus issue introduction: advanced solid-state lasers (2019)

&lt;p&gt;This joint issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express features 28 state-of-the-art articles written by authors who participated in the international "Advanced Solid State Lasers" conference, held in Boston November 4-8, 2018. This review provides a summary of these articles that cover the spectrum of solid state lasers from materials research to sources and from design innovation to applications.&lt;/p&gt;
Data from KD5170, a novel mercaptoketone-based histone deacetylase inhibitor that exhibits broad spectrum antitumor activity <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have garnered significant attention as cancer drugs. These therapeutic agents have recently been clinically validated with the market approval of vorinostat (SAHA, Zolinza) for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Like vorinostat, most of the small-molecule HDAC inhibitors in clinical development are hydroxamic acids, whose inhibitory activity stems from their ability to coordinate the catalytic Zn&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; in the active site of HDACs. We sought to identify novel, nonhydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitors with potentially distinct pharmaceutical properties via an ultra-high throughput small molecule biochemical screen against the HDAC activity in a HeLa cell nuclear extract. An α-mercaptoketone series was identified and chemically optimized. The lead compound, KD5170, exhibits HDAC inhibitory activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.045 μmol/L in the screening biochemical assay and an EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.025 μmol/L in HeLa cell–based assays that monitor histone H3 acetylation. KD5170 also exhibits broad spectrum classes I and II HDAC inhibition in assays using purified recombinant human isoforms. KD5170 shows significant antiproliferative activity against a variety of human tumor cell lines, including the NCI-60 panel. Significant tumor growth inhibition was observed after p.o. dosing in human HCT-116 (colorectal cancer), NCI-H460 (non–small cell lung carcinoma), and PC-3 (prostate cancer) s.c. xenografts in nude mice. In addition, a significant increase in antitumor activity and time to end-point occurred when KD5170 was combined with docetaxel in xenografts of the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line. The biological and pharmaceutical profile of KD5170 supports its continued preclinical and clinical development as a broad spectrum anticancer agent. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(5):1054–65]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Identification of a Plasmin-Interactive Site in the Factor VIII Light Chain Responsible for Proteolytic Cleavage at Lys36 in the A1 Domain. (2006)

Abstract Factor VIII is inactivated by limited proteolytic cleavages at Arg336 and Lys36 by plasmin (Abst #1017 and 1018, BLOOD106, 2005). We recently identified a plasmin-interactive site in the A2 domain responsible for cleavage at Arg336, and also reported that the cleavage at Lys36 was selectively regulated by the light chain that might interact with its protease. In the current study, several approaches were employed to examine the localization of plasmin-interactive site(s) responsible for cleavage at Lys36. Rate constant of plasmin-catalyzed factor VIIIa inactivation by the addition of the 1649A3-C1-C2 (intact light chain) or 1690A3-C1-C2 fragment was reduced by ~2-folds in a dose-dependent manner using one-stage clotting assay, but not by the 1722A3-C1-C2. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that Lys36 cleavage in A1/1722A3-C1-C2 dimer by plasmin was markedly slower than that in the A1/1649A3-C1-C2 or A1/1690A3-C1-C2 dimer. Surface plasmon resonance-based assay using anhydro-plasmin (Ah-plasmin), catalytically inactive derivative of plasmin in which the active-site serine was converted to dehydroalanine, showed that the 1722A3-C1-C2 bound to Ah-plasmin (Kd; 191 nM) with an ~3-fold lower affinity compared with 1649A3-C1-C2 or 1690A3-C1-C2 (68 or 83 nM, respectively). Recombinant A3 domain, expressed in E.Coli, also bound to Ah-plasmin with similar affinity (Kd; 44 nM), but the C2 failed to bind, suggesting the presence of a plasmin-binding site within N-terminus of the A3 domain. On the other hand, Glu-Gly-Arg-active-site modified factor IXa blocked the light chain binding to Ah-plasmin by ~60% (Ki: 10.5 nM), supporting that another plasmin-binding site juxtaposes or overlaps with a factor IXa-binding site (residues 1804–1818) in the A3 domain. The 6-aminohexanoic acid, a competitor of lysine-binding site of plasmin, blocked by &gt;90% the light chain and Ah-plasmin interaction (Ki; 6.8 microM). Based on the major contribution of lysine-binding site(s) of plasmin for interaction with the light chain, evaluation of the A3 sequence revealed two regions involving clustered lysine residues of 1690–1705 and 1804–1818. Two synthetic peptides corresponding to these regions blocked the light chain binding to Ah-plasmin by ~50% (Ki: ~20 microM). We conclude that an extended surface centered the 1690–1705 and 1804–1818 regions within the A3 domain interacts with plasmin for the cleavage at Lys36 within the A1 domain.
ChemInform Abstract: Biocatalytic Resolutions in Total Syntheses of Purpurosamine and Sannamine/Sporamine Type Building Blocks of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of Elastic and Rigid Registration during Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Ultrasound Fusion-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Multi-Operator Phantom Study (2018)

We found no difference in registration errors between rigid and elastic registration overall but rigid registration decreased the registration error of targets near the prostate edge. Additionally, operator experience reduced registration errors regardless of the registration method. Therefore, elastic registration algorithms cannot serve as a replacement for attention to detail during the registration process and anatomical landmarks indicating accurate registration when beginning the procedure and before targeting each region of interest.
Drive-characteristic design for dual-input Doherty power amplifiers (2016)

Doherty power amplifiers (PAs) can achieve high efficiency with modulated signals since they exhibit an efficiency-peak in backoff that can, in theory, reach full-scale efficiency. Unfortunately, the backoff efficiency of real Doherty PAs is lowered by unavoidable losses. The purpose of this work is to study the potential of re-gaining some of this efficiency loss through nonlinear drive-curve design for dual-input Doherty PAs. Several drive characteristics are compared in terms of efficiency and linearity performance measured with a modulated signal and applying digital pre-distortion. A single-parameter drive-curve model suitable for analog implementation is proposed that allows the adjustment of the efficiency/linearity tradeoff.