gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-temperature cross-linking of polyethyleneimine ethoxylated using silane coupling agents to obtain stable electron injection layers in solution-processed organic light-emitting devices (2019)

Cross-linking of polyethyleneimine ethoxylated using silane coupling agents improved the stability of organic light-emitting devices.
Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von magensaftresistentem Phosphatidylcholin-Granulat (LT-02) in der Remissionserhaltung bei Colitis ulcerosa Patienten mit zuvor ungenügendem Ansprechen auf Mesalazin: eine randomisierte, doppelblinde, Plazebo-kontrollierte Studie (2018)

Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte LT-02 als Remissions-Erhaltungstherapie bei Patienten mit milder bis moderater Colitis ulcerosa (CU), die zuvor ungenügend auf Mesalazine angesprochen hatten und in der vorangehenden Induktionsstudie eine Remission erreicht hatten.
Highly Efficient Activation of Organosilanes with η2-Aldehyde Nickel Complexes: Key for Catalytic Syntheses of Aryl-, Vinyl-, and Alkynyl-Benzoxasiloles (2014)

An η(2)-aldehyde nickel complex was utilized as an effective activator for an organosilane in order to generate a hypervalent silicate reactant for the first time. This method was successfully applied to the highly efficient syntheses of 3-aryl-, vinyl-, and alkynyl-2,1-benzoxasiloles from benzaldehydes with aryl-, vinyl-, and alkynylsilyl groups at the ortho position. Initial mechanistic studies revealed that an intermolecular aryl transfer process was involved in the reaction mechanism. The formation of an η(2)-aldehyde complex was directly confirmed by NMR.
Study of the phase change phenomena on the liquid piston steam engine heating surface by unsteady-state temperature measurement (2014)

A novel liquid-piston steam engine which can achieve high efficiency at low temperature region of T < 300 °C as well as high reliability and low cost is developed. In this study unsteady- local inner wall temperature is measured to clarify the phase change phenomena in the heating section of the liquid piston steam engine to improve the accuracy of the design method. Thin Platinum film temperature sensor with 1 kHz response has been deposited by sputtering on the heating surface of the hollow plane type liquid piston steam engine. Nucleate boiling begins when the liquid piston enters the heating section, and it terminates when the vapor pressure approaches saturation pressure. The evaporation of the liquid film continues after the liquid piston leaves out from the heating section. Vaporization model using both the mechanism of liquid film evaporation and nucleate boiling is valid. On the other hand, fluctuations of pressure and heat flux are observed in the experiment when liquid piston enters the heating section. In order to predict these fluctuations, it is necessary to consider the effect of steam bubbles mixed inside the liquid piston.
Combining Photosynthesis and Photovoltaics: A Hybrid Energy-Harvesting System Using Optical Antennas (2020)

A hybrid energy-harvesting system is proposed that combines photosynthesis and photovoltaics. First, the light passes through a spectrally selective solar cell, which absorbs almost all green light but absorbs almost no blue and red light. The blue and red light are absorbed by a photosynthesis executing plant. The solar cell is tailored in such a way that the photosynthetic process is almost unaffected by the generation of electrical energy. The spectrally selective solar cell consists of an array of inorganic optical antennas. By combining a spectrally selective solar cell and a photosynthetic executing plant, a hybrid energy system is formed, which absorbs almost 100% of the visible light, while the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell reaches up to 50% of their nonspectrally selective counterparts. Guidelines are provided on how to realize both the highly efficient spectrally selective solar cells and hybrid energy-harvesting systems. The proposed solution allows for the realization of new greenhouses or gardens covered with spectrally selective transparent solar cells that produce chemical energy in the form of fruits and vegetables and electrical energy.
A bipolar load CMOS SRAM cell for embedded applications (1995)

This paper presents a new SRAM cell concept which offers cell scaling without requiring complicated, specialized processing technology. The proposed cell utilizes a bipolar transistor in an open-base (base is floating) configuration as a simple means of realizing a high impedance load element. The Bipolar Transistor Load (BTL) is designed such that its open base current (the holding current) is always large enough to compensate for the NMOS pull-down transistor leakage current. The load holding current and the pull-down transistor leakage current are based on the same physical mechanism, namely thermal generation, as a result the load exhibits current tracking properties over varying process and temperature conditions. The cell size is 72 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with typical 0.8 μm design rules, which is about a 60% reduction as compared to a standard 6-T full CMOS cell. The operating properties of the BTL cell were studied analytically and characterized experimentally. The BTL SRAM module can be easily integrated as part of any CMOS process with minimal additional processing steps.
2-μm laser damage and 3-6 μm optical parametric oscillation in AgGaSe 2 (1994)

We have demonstrated a silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe<SUB>2</SUB>) based optical parametric oscillator (OPO) tunable from 2.75 micrometers to longer than 6 micrometers (limited by the measuring spectrometer) with greater than 1 mJ per pulse output energy in this range. The crystal used was 8 X 8 X 27 mm. We used a 60 mJ, near Gaussian, 2.09 micrometers chromium, thulium, holmium doped YAG (CTH:YAG) laser pump source, Q-switched by an AO modulator to produce approximately 50 ns pulses. As with most OPO's the output energy is limited by damage to the nonlinear crystal. We measured the damage threshold of both coated and uncoated surfaces to be approximately 0.9 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 1.2 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP> respectively.
Effects of Isochoric Freezing Conditions on Cut Potato Quality (2021)

Isochoric freezing is a pressure freezing technique that could be used to retain the beneficial effects of food storage at temperatures below their freezing point without ice damage. In this study, potato cylinders were frozen in an isochoric system and examined using full factorial combinations of three processing procedures (immersed in water, vacuum-packed and immersed in ascorbic acid solution), four freezing temperatures/pressures (-3 °C/37 MPa, -6 °C/71 MPa, -9 °C/101 MPa and -15 °C/156 MPa) and two average compression rates (less than 0.02 and more than 0.16 MPa/s). The effects of process variables on critical quality attributes of frozen potatoes after thawing were investigated, including mass change, volume change, water holding capacity, color and texture. Processing procedure and freezing temperature/pressure were found to be highly significant factors, whereas the significance of the compression rate was lower. For the processing procedures, immersion in an isotonic solution of 5% ascorbic acid best preserved quality attributes. At the highest pressure level of 156 MPa and low compression rate of 0.02 MPa/s, potato samples immersed in ascorbic acid retained their color, 98.5% mass and 84% elasticity modulus value. These samples also showed a 1% increase in volume and 13% increase in maximum stress due to pressure-induced hardening.
Dynamic Channel Allocation in Closed-Access Small Cell Networks (2014)

기존 매크로셀 내에 소형셀을 추가하여 전체 시스템의 용량을 개선하는 연구에 대한 관심이 높다. 소형셀에 허가된 사용자만 접속할 수 있는 폐쇄형 접속 방식의 경우, (동일한 주파수 채널을 사용하는) 인접한 매크로셀 사용자의 성능저하가 불가피 하다. 본 논문에서는 빌딩 내에 다수의 소형셀 기지국이 분포하는 환경에서, 해당 빌딩에 인접한 매크로셀 사용자의 성능저하를 우선적으로 최소화하며, 다음으로 빌딩 내 소형셀 기지국 간의 간섭전력을 최소화하는 동적 주파수 채널 할당 알고리즘을 제안한다. 매크로셀 내 빌딩(소형셀)의 위치에 따라 인접한 매크로셀 사용자가 겪는 간섭전력이 변한다. 제안하는 알고리즘을 통해 소형셀은 이러한 위치에 따른 간섭영향의 변화에 적응적으로 스스로 주파수 채널을 선택할 수 있다. 소형셀이 시간에 따른 주변 간섭환경의 변화에 따라 최적의 주파수 채널을 할당할 수 있는 간단하고 실용적인 방법을 제안했다는 것이 본 연구의 가장 큰 기술적 기여이다. 모의실험을 통해 제안한 채널 할당 기법은 매크로셀의 성능개선에 효과적이며, 소형셀은 달성 가능한 최대 처리용량 대비 최대 81%를 제공할 수 있음을 확인하였다. Operating small cell with existing macro cell is of interest in wireless communication technology to enhance network capacity. Closed-access small cell allows the access of users registered in it and causes severe interference to nearby users connected to macrocell. We propose a dynamic channel allocation for small cells in the same building that first aim to minimize call-drop of the nearby macrocell users, and then want to reduce interferences between the small cells. Since the interference effect of small cells on the nearby macrocell users mainly depends on the small cells' position, the proposed algorithm includes a self-configuration to flexibly allocate frequency channels according to the variation of downlink quality of the macrocell users. Furthermore the algorithm is very simple and practical, which is main contribution of this paper. We observe that the proposed algorithm provides 82-94% of maximum achievable throughput.
Design and implementation of a DC line-interactive uninterruptible power supply (UPS) with load leveling (2015)

In this paper a novel DC line-interactive uninterruptable power supply (UPS) with load leveling feature is proposed. The new UPS replaces the common AC three phase UPS and can be used for systems with pulse loads, and has superiority in performance and efficiency. The DC UPS utilizes Li-ion battery module in the DC link to perform the load leveling feature and UPS functionality. A Li-ion LFP based battery module is developed and tested along with associated management system. The proposed system operates in four operating modes. Performance of the system in one of the modes is discussed. A dual-loop control scheme is used to manage the performance of the system in various modes. Simulation results are provided to verify the performance of the proposed system.
Fabrication and characterization of novel hybrid green light emitting diodes based on substituting n-type ZnO for n-type GaN in an inverted p-n junction (2009)

Details of the fabrication and characterization of hybrid green light emitting diodes, composed of n-ZnO/(InGaN/GaN) multi-quantum-wells/p-GaN on AlN/sapphire, are reported. Scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy, high resolution x-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence were used to study the hybrid device. The effects of solvents, annealing, and etching on n-ZnO are discussed. Successful hybridization of ZnO and (In)GaN into a green light emitting diode was realized.
Humanized CD19-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in CAR-Naive and CAR-Exposed Children and Young Adults With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2021)

HuCART19 achieved durable remissions with long-term persistence in children and young adults with relapsed or refractory B-ALL, including after failure of prior CAR T-cell therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: 4-Naphthyl-Substituted Bis(oxazoline): A New, Easily Recoverable and Efficient Chiral Ligand in Asymmetric Catalysis of the Diels-Alder Reaction. (2010)

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Assessment of Belatacept-Mediated Costimulation Blockade Through Evaluation of CD80/86-Receptor Saturation (2009)

These results suggest that belatacept-mediated inhibition of alloresponses involved in transplant rejection correlates with CD86 saturation, indicating that CD86-receptor occupancy may be a valid pharmacodynamic measure of costimulation blockade and provide the first direct clinical evidence that belatacept binds to one of its targets.
Xenopus Egg Extract Treatment Reduced Global DNA Methylation of Donor Cells and Enhanced Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryo Development in Pigs (2012)

The efficiency to produce offspring by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is low. It has been showed that treatment of donor cells with Xenopus oocyte extract increased live births in ovine and handmade cloned embryo development in pigs. Scriptaid treatment after oocyte activation is another approach to improve SCNT efficiency. The present study was carried out to investigate (a) the effects of treatment of donor cells with Xenopus egg extract on donor cell DNA methylation at days 0 and 4 with two digitonin permeabilization concentrations (10 and 15 μg/mL), (b) the effects of treatment of donor cells with Xenopus egg extract on early development of cloned embryos, and (c) the effects of combined treatments, treating donor cells with extract before nuclear transfer and treatment of cloned embryos with scriptaid after oocyte activation, on embryo development. Compared to the control, a decrease of DNA methylation in donor cells was observed at 2.5 h after extract treatment. However, this effect was not observed after the cells were cultured for four more days. More embryos developed into blastocysts in the Xenopus egg extract-treated group than in the control (13.4±1.9% vs. 9.1±1.9%, p=0.01). Furthermore, scriptaid treatment of cloned embryos further increased the frequency of development to blastocyst, compared to the control reconstructed with the same extract-treated cells (22.5±0.9% vs. 15.3±0.9%, p<0.01). In addition, egg extract treatments increased the cell number in the blastocysts. This study demonstrated that Xenopus egg extract treatment reduced donor cell DNA methylation and enhanced the SCNT embryo development. Moreover, the combined treatments of donor cells with egg extract before nuclear transfer and of cloned embryos with scriptaid could improve cloned embryo development additively.
Nonlinear Structural Vector Autoregressive Models for Inferring Effective Brain Network Connectivity (2016)

Structural equation models (SEMs) and vector autoregressive models (VARMs) are two broad families of approaches that have been shown useful in effective brain connectivity studies. While VARMs postulate that a given region of interest in the brain is directionally connected to another one by virtue of time-lagged influences, SEMs assert that causal dependencies arise due to contemporaneous effects, and may even be adopted when nodal measurements are not necessarily multivariate time series. To unify these complementary perspectives, linear structural vector autoregressive models (SVARMs) that leverage both contemporaneous and time-lagged nodal data have recently been put forth. Albeit simple and tractable, linear SVARMs are quite limited since they are incapable of modeling nonlinear dependencies between neuronal time series. To this end, the overarching goal of the present paper is to considerably broaden the span of linear SVARMs by capturing nonlinearities through kernels, which have recently emerged as a powerful nonlinear modeling framework in canonical machine learning tasks, e.g., regression, classification, and dimensionality reduction. The merits of kernel-based methods are extended here to the task of learning the effective brain connectivity, and an efficient regularized estimator is put forth to leverage the edge sparsity inherent to real-world complex networks. Judicious kernel choice from a preselected dictionary of kernels is also addressed using a data-driven approach. Extensive numerical tests on ECoG data captured through a study on epileptic seizures demonstrate that it is possible to unveil previously unknown causal links between brain regions of interest.
β‐Aminoacrylate Synthetic Hydrogels: Easily Accessible and Operationally Simple Biomaterials Networks (2018)

The development of new material platforms can improve our ability to study biological processes. Here, we developed a water-compatible variant of a click-like polymerization between alkynoates and secondary amines to form β-aminoacrylate synthetic polyethylene glycol (PEG) based hydrogels. These materials are easy to access-PEG alkynoate was synthesized on a 100 gram scale and the amines were available commercially; these materials are also operationally simple to formulate-gel formation occurred upon simple mixing of precursor solutions without the need for initiators, catalysts, nor specialized equipment. Three-dimensional cell culture experiments also indicated cytocompatibility of these gels with >90 % viability retained in THP-1 and NIH/3T3 cells after 72 hours in culture. This hydrogel system therefore represents an alternative platform to other click and click-like hydrogels with improved accessibility and user-friendliness for biomaterials application.
Identifying scenarios with high potential for future cognitive radio networks (2011)

Opportunistic spectrum access is a great prospect for future wireless networks. The key requirements for an opportunistic user are to avoid interference with any licensed users of the same spectrum and also to cooperate fairly with other opportunistic users. There are many scenarios where an opportunistic network could provide a system that has the potential to provide a better business case than conventional wireless networks. The most promising scenarios for opportunistic users that are on the move and have a requirement for managed quality of service are identified in this paper. The processes used to develop these scenarios are also presented.
Silicon as an emissive optical medium (2007)

Abstract One of the great challenges in photonics has been to modify silicon to enhance light emission properties. In this review article we survey recent studies which have generated light from silicon in a variety of ways including introduction of emissive centers, anodization, fabrication of quantum‐confined structures and by utilizing non‐linear effects. Each method offers insight into silicon as an emissive medium, but no one method has proven effective enough a light source to compete with established technologies based on III‐V and II‐VI compound semiconductors, and in particular no one method of inducing light emission in silicon has made possible an electrically‐pumped silicon laser.
Chiral microstructures (spirals) fabrication by holographic lithography (2005)

We present an optical interference model to create chiral microstructures (spirals) and its realization in photoresist using holographic lithography. The model is based on the interference of six equally-spaced circumpolar linear polarized side beams and a circular polarized central beam. The pitch and separation of the spirals can be varied by changing the angle between the side beams and the central beam. The realization of the model is carried out using the 325 nm line of a He-Cd laser and spirals of sub-micron size are fabricated in photoresist.
Mechanical properties of composite polymer microstructures fabricated by interference lithography (2008)

We demonstrate that organized, porous, polymer microstructures with continuous open nanoscale pores and a sub-micron spacing obtained via interference lithography can be successfully utilized in a non-traditional field of ordered polymer microcomposites. The examples presented here include porous matrices for the fabrication of binary, glassy-rubbery microcomposites with intriguing mechanical properties with large energy dissipation and lattice-controlled fracturing.
<title>Application of parallel-aligned nematic liquid crystal spatial-light modulator (PAL-SLM) to optical joint transform correlator</title> (1996)

We have developed a compact joint transform correlator by using the parallel aligned nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator as a real time hologram device, and have applied the correlator to fingerprint identification. The identification performance was evaluated using 2400 data from 600 fellow workers. The test results showed that the false-reject rate was 0.2 percent with 0.2 percent false acceptance. The response time of the system was less than 0.1 seconds as a result of parallel processing in the optical system.
50 years of digital logic and microprocessors at ISSCC (2005)

Discusses the historical development of digital logic and microprocessors at ISSCC.
Drug-selected coexpression of human glucocerebrosidase and P-glycoprotein using a bicistronic vector (multidrug resistance/retrovirus/gene therapy/lysosomes/Gaucher disease) (2016)

Bicistronic cassettes under control of a single promoter have recently been suggested as useful tools for coordinate expression of two different foreign proteins in mammalian cells. Using the long 5' untranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus as translational enhancer of the second gene, a bicistronic unit composed of cDNA for human P-glycoprotein (the product of the multidrug resistance gene, MDR) (also called PGYI)) as selectable marker and cDNA for human glucocerebrosidase (GC; EC 3.2.1.45) (a membrane- associated lysosomal hydrolase) was constructed. NIH 3T3 cells transfected with a Harvey murine sarcoma virus retroviral vector carrying this bicistronic cassette (pHaMCG) express active P-glycoprotein and GC and expression of both proteins augments coordinately with selection for increased colchicine resistance. Percoll gradient analysis of homogenates showed that GC was targeted to the lysosomal fraction. The ability to select for expression of GC with natural product drugs after introduction of the pHaMCG retroviral vector may be useful in gene therapy strategies for Gaucher disease. Gaucher disease is caused by an inherited deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GC; EC 3.2.1.45), a membrane- associated acid hydrolase. In this lysosomal storage disorder glucosylceramide accumulates in macrophages of the retic- uloendothelial system, which results in liver and spleen enlargement and lesions in the bones. Treatment of Gaucher
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl‐2‐(2‐chloroethyl)acrylate: A New Very Versatile α‐Cyclopropylester Cation Synthon. Efficient Synthesis of Cyclopropane Ester Derivatives by Michael Addition‐Induced Cyclization Reaction. (2011)

Abstract The use of title compound (I) as versatile α‐cyclopropylester cation synthon is described.
Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation (2007)

Optical means for generating electrical or optical arbitrary waveforms have attracted renewed interest because of the potential much wider bandwidth in comparison to electrical methods. In this paper, we will review different optical techniques for generating arbitrary waveforms and will present our latest results using a time-domain approach.
The stellar velocity dispersion in the nucleus of M82 (1993)

We observed the 2-0 ^12^CO absorption bandhead from integrated starlight from the nuclear bulge of the starburst galaxy M82. The velocity dispersion of the stellar component in the central arcsecond is significantly larger than that of the ionized gas in the same region, implying that the stars and gas represent different kinematic systems. The M/L_K_ in this nuclear region is essentially identical to that in our own nuclear bulge, but is much higher than in the starburst disk of M82 at larger radii. This implies that the near-infrared continuum from the central r &lt; 7.5 pc of M82 is dominated by a nuclear bulge population that predates the enveloping starburst. This work is a first step in separating these two distinct populations in the central region of this well-observed starburst galaxy.