gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
007 Comprehensive echocardiographic and cardiovascular magnetic resonance evaluation differentiates between patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, hypertensive patients and healthy controls and identifies those with reduced exercise capacity on cardiopulmonary exercise testing (2017)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of a comprehensive imaging protocol including echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in the diagnosis and differentiation of hypertensive heart disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). <h3>Background</h3> Hypertension is present in up to 90% of patients with HFpEF and is a major aetiological component. Despite current recommendations and diagnostic criteria for HFpEF, no non-invasive imaging technique has as yet shown the ability to identify any structural differences between patients with hypertensive heart disease and HFpEF. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of 112 well-characterised patients (62 with HFpEF, 22 with hypertension and 28 healthy controls). All patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise and biomarker testing and an imaging protocol including echocardiography with speckle tracking analysis and CMR including T1 mapping pre- and post-contrast. <h3>Results</h3> Echocardiographic global longitudinal strain (GLS) and extracellular volume (ECV) measured by CMR were the only variables able to independently stratify between the three groups of patients. ECV was the best technique for differentiation between hypertensive heart disease and HFPEF (AUC 0.88; GLS AUC 0.78, p&lt;0.001 for both). Using ECV, an optimal cut-off of 31.2% gave 100% sensitivity and 75% specificity. ECV was significantly higher and GLS was significantly reduced in subjects with reduced exercise capacity (lower peak VO2 and higher VE/VCO2). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Both GLS and ECV are able to independently discriminate between hypertensive heart disease and HFpEF and identify patients with prognostically significant functional limitation. ECV is the best diagnostic discriminatory marker of HFpEF and could be used as a surrogate end-point for therapeutic studies.
Label Dependent Deep Variational Paraphrase Generation (2019)

Generating paraphrases that are lexically similar but semantically different is a challenging task. Paraphrases of this form can be used to augment data sets for various NLP tasks such as machine reading comprehension and question answering with non-trivial negative examples. In this article, we propose a deep variational model to generate paraphrases conditioned on a label that specifies whether the paraphrases are semantically related or not. We also present new training recipes and KL regularization techniques that improve the performance of variational paraphrasing models. Our proposed model demonstrates promising results in enhancing the generative power of the model by employing label-dependent generation on paraphrasing datasets.
Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces for the Enhancement of 6G Internet of Things (2022)

With the advancement of sensing technologies over the years, it has become critical to ensure the seamless connectivity of the Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets. With the advancement of communication technology, cellular networks are increasingly being utilized to link IoT systems. An IRS is a rectangular metasurface made up of a vast number of reflecting components that has recently gained research attention due to its ability to significantly improve the energy and spectral efficiencies of communication networks by modifying wireless transmission environments.
Predicting and preventing demagnetisation in permanent magnet motor drives (2006)

This paper presents a case study. An existing PMSM design was moved to a new application with higher operating temperatures and higher peak currents. Substantial rotor demagnetisation was observed in the new application where no problem had been observed previously. The causes of the demagnetisation are presented, along with analysis of the magnetic circuit. The analysis is correlated with experimental results. The effects of machine design are considered. A solution to the problem is proposed and tested and again the analysis is correlated with the results. Finally some guidelines are proposed for the design of robust PM machines and the associated drive electronics.
Increased piezoelectric coupling factor in temperature-compensated film bulk acoustic resonators (2015)

Deterioration of the effective electromechanical coupling factor (K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) upon improving the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) is a serious issue for temperature-compensated bulk acoustic wave (TC-BAW) resonators, because TC-BAW filter applications are restricted to bandpass filters with narrow relative bandwidths under 1.5% in wireless communication systems. Our objective is to therefore enhance the K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of TC-BAW resonators for radio frequency filters and duplexers with wide relative bandwidths. In this work, the two improvements were investigated to enhance the K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of the temperature-compensated thin film bulk acoustic wave resonator (TC-FBAR). First, we applied the fluorine-doped silicon oxide (SiOF) film with a large positive temperature coefficient of velocity (TCV) to a TC-FBAR. The TCV of the SiOF film (8.8 at.% F) was 164 ppm/°C, which was much larger than 70 ppm/°C of the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> film. Second, we optimized the layer structures of the TC-FBAR. TCF of -11.1 ppm/°C and K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of 6.26% were achieved on the TC-FBAR with the structure of Ru/AlN/Ru/SiOF/Ru. We believe that the SiOF-based TC-FBAR thus enables the application to bandpass filters with wide relative bandwidths greater than 2.5%.
Experimental Investigation of Total Pressure Loss Development in a Highly Loaded Low-Pressure Turbine Cascade (2017)

Improvements in turbine design methods have resulted in the development of blade profiles with both high lift and good Reynolds lapse characteristics. An increase in aerodynamic loading of blades in the low-pressure turbine (LPT) section of aircraft gas turbine engines has the potential to reduce engine weight or increase power extraction. Increased blade loading means larger pressure gradients and increased secondary losses near the endwall. Prior work has emphasized the importance of reducing these losses if highly loaded blades are to be utilized. The present study analyzes the secondary flow field of the front-loaded low-pressure turbine blade designated L2F with and without blade profile contouring at the junction of the blade and endwall. The current work explores the loss production mechanisms inside the LPT cascade. Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) data and total pressure loss data are used to describe the secondary flow field. The flow is analyzed in terms of total pressure loss, vorticity, Q-Criterion, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulence production. The flow description is then expanded upon using an implicit large eddy simulation (ILES) of the flow field. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) momentum equations contain terms with pressure derivatives. With some manipulation, these equations can be rearranged to form an equation for the change in total pressure along a streamline as a function of velocity only. After simplifying for the flow field in question, the equation can be interpreted as the total pressure transport along a streamline. A comparison of the total pressure transport calculated from the velocity components and the total pressure loss is presented and discussed. Peak values of total pressure transport overlap peak values of total pressure loss through and downstream of the passage suggesting that the total pressure transport is a useful tool for localizing and predicting loss origins and loss development using velocity data which can be obtained nonintrusively.
New Biomedical Poly(urethane urea)−Layered Silicate Nanocomposites (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTNew Biomedical Poly(urethane urea)−Layered Silicate NanocompositesRuijian Xu, Evangelos Manias, Alan J. Snyder, and James RuntView Author Information Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 2, 337–339Publication Date (Web):December 14, 2000Publication History Received3 August 2000Published online14 December 2000Published inissue 1 January 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0013657https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0013657brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1430Altmetric-Citations299LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Composites,Layers,Nanocomposites,Permeability,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Fimbrial Adhesins Produced by Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains (2011)

Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) has emerged as a significant cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide; however, information regarding its adherence mechanisms to the human gut mucosa is lacking. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of several (fimA, ecpA, csgA, elfA, and hcpA) fimbrial genes in 71 aEPEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea (54 strains) and healthy individuals (17 strains) in Brazil and Australia by PCR. These genes are associated with adhesion and/or biofilm formation of pathogenic and commensal E. coli. Here, the most prevalent fimbrial genes found, in descending order, were hcpA (98.6%), ecpA (86%), fimA (76%), elfA (72%), and csgA (19.7%). Phenotypic expression of pili in aEPEC strains was assessed by several approaches. We were not able to detect the hemorrhagic coli pilus (HCP) or the E. coli laminin-binding fimbriae (ELF) in these strains by using immunofluorescence. Type 1 pili and curli were detected in 59% (by yeast agglutination) and 2.8% (by Congo red binding and immunofluorescence) of the strains, respectively. The E. coli common pilus (ECP) was evidenced in 36.6% of the strains on bacteria adhering to HeLa cells by immunofluorescence, suggesting that ECP could play an important role in cell adherence for some aEPEC strains. This study highlights the complex nature of the adherence mechanisms of aEPEC strains involving the coordinated function of fimbrial (e.g., ECP) and nonfimbrial (e.g., intimin) adhesins and indicates that these strains bear several pilus operons that could potentially be expressed in different niches favoring colonization and survival in and outside the host.
Insights on Distinct Left Atrial Remodeling Between Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (2022)

Despite a similar extent of LA enlargement and dysfunction in HFpEF vs. AF alone, larger LAWV and LAWT [SD] can distinguish AF from HFpEF alone, suggesting the distinct underlying pathophysiological mechanism of LA remodeling in AF vs. HFpEF.
Incrementally improving lookup latency in distributed hash table systems (2003)

Distributed hash table (DHT) systems are an important class of peer-to-peer routing infrastructures. They enable scalable wide-area storage and retrieval of information, and will support the rapid development of a wide variety of Internet-scale applications ranging from naming systems and file systems to application-layer multicast. DHT systems essentially build an overlay network, but a path on the overlay between any two nodes can be significantly different from the unicast path between those two nodes on the underlying network. As such, the lookup latency in these systems can be quite high and can adversely impact the performance of applications built on top of such systems.In this paper, we discuss a random sampling technique that incrementally improves lookup latency in DHT systems. Our sampling can be implemented using information gleaned from lookups traversing the overlay network. For this reason, we call our approach lookup-parasitic random sampling (LPRS). LPRS is fast, incurs little network overhead, and requires relatively few modifications to existing DHT systems.For idealized versions of DHT systems like Chord, Tapestry and Pastry, we analytically prove that LPRS can result in lookup latencies proportional to the average unicast latency of the network, provided the underlying physical topology has a power-law latency expansion. We then validate this analysis by implementing LPRS in the Chord simulator. Our simulations reveal that LPRS-Chord exhibits a qualitatively better latency scaling behavior relative to unmodified Chord.Finally, we provide evidence which suggests that the Internet router-level topology resembles power-law latency expansion. This finding implies that LPRS has significant practical applicability as a general latency reduction technique for many DHT systems. This finding is also of independent interest since it might inform the design of latency-sensitive topology models for the Internet.
Bimodal Effect of Hypoxia in Cancer:  Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor in Apoptosis (2004)

The effects of the separate and combined application of hypoxia and antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) against hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1A) on cancer cells were examined. Experiments were carried out on human ovarian carcinoma cells in four series: (1) control [Normoxia (5% CO2 in air), no treatment], (2) hypoxia (1% O2, 5% CO2, and 94% N2 for 48 h), (3) treatment with ASO targeted to HIF1A (48 h), and (4) combined action of hypoxia and ASO. After treatment, the following processes and factors were monitored: apoptosis, cellular metabolism and viability, expression of genes encoding HIF1A, von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (VHL), and genes responsible for cell death induction and antiapoptotic defense (P53, BCL2, BAX, and caspases 9 and 3). Expression of caspase 9 and HIF1A protein was confirmed by Western blotting. Liposomes were used as a delivery system of HIF1A ASO. It was found that hypoxia alone significantly disturbed cellular metabolism, reducing the level of respiration by 50% when compared with control. Hypoxia induced apoptosis by upregulating the P53-, BAX-, and caspase-dependent cell death pathways, while activating cellular antiapoptotic defense by the overexpression of BCL2 protein. Both opposing effects were dependent on the overexpression of hypoxia inducible factor. We conclude that hypoxia induces a bimodal effect, simultaneously promoting cell death and activating cellular resistance. The downregulation of HIF1A promoted cell death induction and prevented activation of cellular defense by hypoxia. This suggests that HIF1A is a potential candidate for anticancer therapeutic targeting.
Substance P mediates inflammatory oedema in acute pancreatitis via activation of the neurokinin‐1 receptor in rats and mice (2000)

Pancreatic oedema occurs early in the development of acute pancreatitis, and the overall extent of fluid loss correlates with disease severity. The tachykinin substance P (SP) is released from sensory nerves, binds to the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1-R) on endothelial cells and induces plasma extravasation, oedema, and neutrophil infiltration, a process termed neurogenic inflammation. We sought to determine the importance of neurogenic mechanisms in acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic plasma extravasation was measured using the intravascular tracers Evans blue and Monastral blue after administration of specific NK1-R agonists/antagonists in rats and NK1-R(+/+)/(-/-) mice. The effects of NK1-R genetic deletion/antagonism on pancreatic plasma extravasation, amylase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and histology in cerulein-induced pancreatitis were characterized. In rats, both SP and the NK1-R selective agonist [Sar(9) Met(O(2))(11)]SP stimulated pancreatic plasma extravasation, and this response was blocked by the NK1-R antagonist CP 96,345. Selective agonists of the NK-2 or NK-3 receptors had no effect. In rats, cerulein stimulated pancreatic plasma extravasation and serum amylase. These responses were blocked by the NK1-R antagonist CP 96,345. In wildtype mice, SP induced plasma extravasation while SP had no effect in NK1-R knockout mice. In NK1-R knockout mice, the effects of cerulein on pancreatic plasma extravasation and hyperamylasemia were reduced by 60%, and pancreatic MPO by 75%, as compared to wildtype animals. Neurogenic mechanisms of inflammation are important in the development of inflammatory oedema in acute interstitial pancreatitis.
A Novel Approach for the Prediction of Shear Localization in Sheet Forming (2004)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation X. Duan, M. Jain, D. Metzger, J. Kang, D. S. Wilkinson, J. D. Embury, S. Kim, R. Mishra, A. K. Sachdev; A Novel Approach for the Prediction of Shear Localization in Sheet Forming. AIP Conf. Proc. 10 June 2004; 712 (1): 838–843. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1766631 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Practical UV-VIS-NIR Multispectral Imaging (2018)

A seven-channel multi-spectral camera has been developed using commercial products and both commercial and custom software. The camera components are manufactured by Finger Lakes Instrumentation, Rodenstock, and the Andover Corporation. The colored glass filters were optimized for image quality, colorimetric accuracy, and spectral accuracy. The system can be used for color, VIS, UV, UV-excitation-VIS-emission, and NIR imaging. The system was designed for use in a cultural heritage institution's photographic studio.
Effects of fasting and refeeding on the activity of hepatic glucose‐6‐phosphatase in rats (1985)

The activities of glucose-6-phosphate hydrolase and glucose-6-phosphate translocase were determined in rats fasted for 1-3 days and in animals fasted for one day and then either refed with mixed pellet or given oral or intraperitoneal glucose. The assay was based on the colorimetric measurement of the released inorganic phosphate. Fasting over 24 h significantly increased both the translocase and the hydrolase activity of glucose-6-phosphatase. These parameters showed a further increase when rats were fasted for another 24 h. In animals fasted for 24 h and then refed with standardized pellet diet, a progressive fall of enzyme activity was noticed. However, even 72 h of refeeding did not lead to complete normalization. Glucose given orally or intraperitoneally also suppressed the enzyme activity, although the effect was somewhat delayed. As expected, in fasting rats glucose and insulin levels were significantly decreased. Normoglycaemia was established after just 24 h, regardless of refeeding with pellets or with glucose. The former group exhibited hyper- and the latter hypo-insulinaemic pattern. We speculate that augmented activity of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase during fasting stimulates the metabolism of glucose through the glucose cycle and is thereby at least partially responsible for insulin resistance accompanying the fasting state.
Wireless video content delivery through distributed caching and peer-to-peer gossiping (2011)

We present a novel approach to handle the ongoing explosive increase in the demand for video content in wireless mobile devices. We show how distributed caching and collaboration between users and femtocell-like base stations without high-speed backhaul, which we call helpers, can greatly improve throughput without suffering from the backhaul bottleneck problem common to femtocells. We also investigate the role of collaboration among users - a process that can be interpreted as the mobile devices playing the role of helpers also. This approach allows an improvement in the video throughput without deployment of any additional infrastructure. The efficiency of the caching approach depends on two key system properties: (i) the configuration of the "effective" distributed cache, i.e., which user can connect to which helpers and (ii) the popularity distribution of the video files. As a function of these properties, we consider the wireless distributed caching problem, i.e., which files should be cached by which helpers. For the uncoded helper problem, a strictly optimum solution of this problem is NP-hard, but good approximation algorithms can be found. Furthermore if distributed coding is used for the caching, exact optimization can be done with polynomial complexity. For the configuration with mobiles-as-helpers problem, we adopt a simplified model wherein users are grouped into clusters within which communications is possible. A key question is the choice of the cluster dimension (collaboration distance), trading off spectral reuse with the probability of finding the desired video within the collaboration distance. Numerical optimization as well as general scaling laws are described. Simulations show that our approach can improve the data throughput by as much as 400 - 500% through addition of helpers, and more than an order of magnitude through the device- to-device communications.