gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RESULTS OF PREOPERATIVE PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING OF ADOLESCENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS (2005)

Background: Previous research has suggested a correlation between pulmonary impairment and thoracic spinal deformity. The curve magnitude, number of involved vertebrae, curve location, and decrease in thoracic kyphosis independently contribute to pulmonary impairment, but the strength of these associations has been variable. The objectives of this study were to test the hypothesis that increased thoracic deformity is associated with decreased pulmonary function and to determine which, if any, radiographic measurements of deformity predict pulmonary impairment. Methods: Preoperative pulmonary function testing and radiographic examination were performed on 631 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Correlation analysis and subsequent stepwise multiple regression analysis were carried out to assess the associations between radiographic measurements of deformity and the results of pulmonary function testing. Results: The magnitude of the thoracic curve, the number of vertebrae involved in the thoracic curve, the thoracic hypokyphosis, and coronal imbalance had a minimal but significant effect on pulmonary function. While these four factors were associated with an increased risk of moderate or severe pulmonary impairment, they explained only 19.7%, 18.0%, and 8.8% of the observed variability in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and total lung capacity, respectively. The degrees of scoliosis that were associated with clinically relevant decreases in pulmonary function were much smaller than previously described, but the majority of the observed variability in pulmonary function was not explained by the radiographic characteristics of the deformity. Conclusions: Some patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis may have clinically relevant pulmonary impairment that is out of proportion with the severity of the scoliosis, and this may alter the decision-making process regarding which fusion technique will produce an acceptable clinical result with the least additional effect on pulmonary function.
Efficiency of Vertical Gravity Separators in Gas Liquid Applications (2006)

Abstract This paper is concerned with a study of the efficiency of vertical separators intended to gas liquid applications. A compact configuration of coaxial cylinders in which a multiphase flow is vertically flowing can achieve gas liquid separation by the use of gravity in a certain range of gas-liquid flow rates. With this method the separated liquid can be collected in the lower part of the system without any gas carry under. The stability limit of such separators has been identified regarding the inlet conditions and the geometry of the system.
Mosaic variegated aneuploidy with microcephaly: A rare cytogenetic syndrome (1994)

The term {open_quotes}mosaic variegated aneuploidy with microcephaly{close_quotes} describes the finding of a variety of chromosomal aneuploidies within the same individual. This mutation affecting mitotic segregation has been reported previously in only 7 persons. We report here on male and female siblings with this condition. Proband 1 died at 57 days of age; proband 2 is 7 months old. Amniocentesis performed on the first sibling only revealed multiple aneuploidies (+2, +6, +X, tetrasomy 2, double trisomy X and 11, and deletion Xq); the majority of cells were normal and the abnormal cells did not constitute true mosaicism. Postnatally, blood on proband 1 had 20/50 cells (40%) with +18, single cells with +10 and +20, and 28/50 normal cells (56%). This was initially interpreted as trisomy 18 mosaicism not detected in amniocytes. Blood from proband 2 showed the following; after 48 hrs in culture, 4/50 trisomic cells (+3, +6, +18, XXY); after 72 hrs 3/50 trisomic cells (+5, +6, +18); after 96 hrs, 7/50 aneuploid cells (+2, +8, +9, +10, +18, double trisomy 11 and 18, tetrasomy 2 with +18). Skin biopsy on proband 2 revealed trisomy 2 in 5/140 cells (4%), one cell each +18 and +19, on cell tetrasomy 2,more » one cell XXY and +5; 131 cells (94%) were normal. Paternal skin fibroblasts had trisomy 6 in 2/100 cells and 1 cell trisomy 5; the remainder were normal. One trisomic cell (+18) in 100 was found in maternal skin fibroblasts. Trisomy 18 was the most common aneuploidy in the probands` blood. Aneuploidy for chromosomes 2 and X were more common in amniocytes and skin. No trisomies of chromosomes 1, 4, 12-17, 22 or Y were observed; acrocentrics rarely malsegregated. These findings are consistent with those of the other 7 reported patients, and constitute a distinct syndrome of multiple chromosomal aneuploidies associated with microcephaly. Although rare, cytogeneticists and clinical geneticists should be aware of this mitotic mutant.« less
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antidepressant Properties of Novel 2‐Substituted 4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐imidazole Derivatives. (1988)

Abstract Reaction of the benzo‐fused cycloalkanones (I) with the phosphonates (II) gives the intermediates (III) which react with the diamines (IV) and (VII), yielding the imidazolines (V) and the tetrahydropyrimidine derivative (VIII).
Analysis of Colonic Electrical Activity in Patients with Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Using a Multi-Channel Transcutaneous Device (2006)

Purpose: To determine if any specific pattern of colonic electrical control activity (ECA) can be found in patients with constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome (CPIBS) using transcutaneous electrodes. Methods: Eleven patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (CPIBS) (age 40 ± 10, male/female = 2/9, intestinal habit 1.3 ± 0.6/week), and 20 normal volunteers (age 40 ± 16, male/female = 10/10, Intestinal habit 7.3 ± 3.2/week) underwent 8-channel bipolar fasting recording of colonic ECA via transcutaneous electrodes. Patients were defined by the Rome II criteria. Bipolar electrode combinations of skin electrodes formed 8 ECA-recording channels following the longitudinal axes of the right, transverse and left colon. Colonic electrical activity was recorded and digitally analyzed using custom-designed software in a frequency band of 0.02 to 0.2 Hz. Results: Weak or unstable power dynamics were seen in most patients with CPIBS and only in 6/20 normal volunteers. Analysis of the power stability in patients showed statistically significant differences in all colonic segments if compared to normal volunteers (p < 0.025) (Table 1). Spectral analysis showed no significant differences in the mean frequencies from both groups.Table 1: Power dynamics.Conclusions: There was a consistent pattern of unstable power dynamics in patients with CPIBS. It is unclear if this is a pathologic phenomenon or simply an exaggerated level of the physiological fluctuations of ECA seen in normal volunteers. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Boosting Cloud Data Analytics using Multi-Objective Optimization (2020)

Data analytics in the cloud has become an integral part of enterprise businesses. Big data analytics systems, however, still lack the ability to take user performance goals and budgetary constraints for a task, collectively referred to as task objectives, and automatically configure an analytic job to achieve these objectives. This paper presents a data analytics optimizer that can automatically determine a cluster configuration with a suitable number of cores as well as other system parameters that best meet the task objectives. At a core of our work is a principled multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach that computes a Pareto optimal set of job configurations to reveal tradeoffs between different user objectives, recommends a new job configuration that best explores such tradeoffs, and employs novel optimizations to enable such recommendations within a few seconds. We present efficient incremental algorithms based on the notion of a Progressive Frontier for realizing our MOO approach and implement them into a Spark-based prototype. Detailed experiments using benchmark workloads show that our MOO techniques provide a 2-50x speedup over existing MOO methods, while offering good coverage of the Pareto frontier. When compared to Ottertune, a state-of-the-art performance tuning system, our approach recommends configurations that yield 26\%-49\% reduction of running time of the TPCx-BB benchmark while adapting to different application preferences on multiple objectives.
Motion Correction for jPET-D4: Improvement of Measurement Accuracy with a Solid Marker (2006)

We proposed a unique motion detection method that can be used for motion correction in brain PET imaging. This method uses a specially-designed solid marker that enables position and angle (direction) measurement with one optical movie camera. Therefore, it is applicable to a long, narrow patient port space in which a two-camera system cannot be installed. By refining machining accuracy of the solid marker, angle measurement accuracy was significantly improved. As a result, we obtained sufficient measurement accuracies in the angles as well as in the trans-axial positions. In addition, we have been developing a model to calculate axial positions from measured trans-axial positions and angles. As a result of a multivariate analysis of measured motion tracking data, we found that sufficient accuracy can be obtained under well-controlled experimental conditions. In order to realize head motion correction for jPET-D4, we are also considering marker attaching, camera calibration, device installation, and correction algorithms.
Longitudinal Characterization of [18F]-FDG and [18F]-AV45 Uptake in the Double Transgenic TASTPM Mouse Model (2016)

We aimed to monitor the timing of amyloid-β deposition in relation to changes in brain function using in vivo imaging with [18F]-AV45 and [18F]-FDG in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. TASTPM transgenic mice and wild-type controls were scanned longitudinally with [18F]-AV45 and [18F]-FDG before (3 months of age) and at multiple time points after the onset of amyloid deposition (6, 9, 12, and 15 months of age). As expected with increasing amyloidosis, TASTPM mice demonstrated progressive age-dependent increases in [18F]-AV45 uptake that were significantly higher than for WT from 9 months onwards and correlated to ex vivo measures of amyloid burden. The metabolism of [18F]-AV45 produces several brain penetrant radiometabolites and normalization to a reference region helps to negate this non-specific binding and improve the sensitivity of [18F]-AV45. The observed trajectory of [18F]-FDG alterations deviated from our proposed hypothesis of gradual decreases with worsening amyloidosis. While [18F]-FDG uptake in TASTPM mice was significantly lower than that of WT at 9 months, reduced [18F]-FDG was not associated with aging in TASTPM mice. Moreover, [18F]-FDG uptake did not correlate to measures of ex vivo amyloid burden. Our findings suggest that while amyloid-β is sufficient to induce hypometabolism, these pathologies are not linked in a dose-dependent manner in TASTPM mice.
P4–083: Amyloid ion channels: A common structural link for protein–misfolding disease pathogenesis? (2006)

Cerebral amyloid diseases are considered to be part of an emerging complex group of chronic and progressive entities collectively known as Disorders of Protein Misfolding that include, among many others, Alzheimer's disease, polyglutamine–repeat disorders, cataracts, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies, systemic and cerebral amyloidosis, tauopathies, prion diseases, and type–II diabetes. In these disorders, soluble proteins normally found in biological fluids change their conformation and form either insoluble structures that accumulate in the form of intra– and extra–cellular aggregates or fibrillar lesions usually associated with cell toxicity, complement activation and the local release of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress products. Recent studies have shown that pre–fibrillar conformations of amyloid proteins are sufficient to induce cellular toxicity. However, the 3D structural conformations of these globular structures, a key missing link in designing effective prevention and treatment approaches, still remain undefined. To test the hypothesis that different amyloid molecules form ion channel–like structures when incorporated in lipid bilayers. Recombinant or synthetic Aβ1–40, α–synuclein, ABri, ADan, serum amyloid A, and amylin were inserted in reconstituted membranes. Structural and functional parameters were monitored by atomic force microscopy (AFM), circular dichroism spectrometry, gel electrophoresis, and electrophysiological recordings. All these unrelated proteins were initially monomeric or monomeric/dimeric, exhibited different secondary structures in solution and similar globular configurations under AFM. When reconstituted in lipid bilayers these small globular assemblies underwent supramolecular conformational changes. AFM images of the resulting membrane structures were morphologically compatible with ion–channel–like structures. Electrophysiological recordings indicated that all these molecules, when inserted in lipid bilayers, elicit single ion–channel conductances. Proteins re–extracted from the membranes showed higher degree of oligomerization when compared with the freshly solubilized material (tetramers to octamers). In reconstituted membranes, amyloids form morphologically compatible ion channel–like structures and elicit single ion–channel currents consistent with electrophysiological studies showing amyloid channel activity in cell membranes. Thus, by triggering destabilization of cellular ionic homeostasis, amyloids may directly induce cell dysfunction and degeneration in a variety of protein misfolding disorders.
Reduction and temperature dual-responsive crosslinked polymersomes for targeted intracellular protein delivery (2011)

The study of biological functions of proteins in cells as well as therapeutic exploration of many protein drugs demands efficient and nontoxic intracellular protein delivery systems. Herein, reduction and temperature dual-responsive crosslinked polymersomes were developed for the facile encapsulation of various proteins under mild conditions as well as rapid release of proteins in cancer cells. Two thermo-sensitive triblock copolymers, PEG5k-PAA1.7k-PNIPAM22k and PEG5k-PAA0.7k-PNIPAM12k (denoted as polymer 1 and 2, respectively), were prepared by controlled reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Interestingly, polymers 1 and 2 exhibited lower critical solution temperatures (LCST) of 39 and 38 °C in PBS (pH 7.4, 20 mM, 150 mM NaCl) and 34 and 32 °C in MES (pH 5.5, 20 mM), respectively. Increasing the temperature of polymer solutions in MES to 40 °C yielded robust polymersomes with average diameters of ca. 150∼170 nm following crosslinking the PAA segment with cystamine (Cys) viacarbodiimide chemistry. These crosslinked polymersomes kept their structures in PBS at 37 °C but rapidly dissociated into unimers in response to 10 mM dithiothreitol (DTT). Remarkably, various proteins including bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (Lys), cytochrome C (CC), and ovalbumin (Ova) could be conveniently loaded into the polymersomes with markedly high protein loading efficiencies of 60∼100% at theoretical protein loading contents of 10∼50 wt%. The in vitro release studies using Cys-crosslinked polymersome 1 showed that release of BSA, Lys, and CC was minimal (ca. 20%) in 11 h in PBS at 37 °C, while fast protein release of over 70% was observed under an intracellular mimicking reductive environment. MTT assays revealed that these polymersomes were practically non-toxic to HeLa and MCF-7 cells up to a tested concentration of 200 μg mL−1. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) observations showed that FITC-CC loaded Cys-crosslinked polymersomes efficiently delivered and released FITC-CC into the cytosol of MCF-7 cells after 12 h incubation. In contrast, little FITC-CC fluorescence was observed in MCF-7 cells treated with free FITC-CC as well as FITC-CC loaded 1,4-butadiamine crosslinked polymersomes (reduction-insensitive control). Flow cytometry studies showed that CC loaded Cys-crosslinked polymersomes induced markedly enhanced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells as compared to free CC and the reduction-insensitive controls. These novel reduction and temperature dual-responsive crosslinked polymersomes have opened a new avenue to targeted intracellular protein delivery.
Photocycloaddition of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to activated indoles (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocycloaddition of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to activated indolesPaul D. Davis and Douglas C. NeckersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 3, 456–462Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01291a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01291a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views619Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the admissions to the hospital through the emergency department by elderly patients with a dysfunctional social situation in their home environment (2017)

Analysis of the admissions to the hospital through the emergency department by elderly patients with a dysfunctional social situation in their home environment
Possibility for Gaining Nuclear Energy Without Radioactivity by Laser Driven Block Ignition of Solid Density Hydrogen Boron (2010)

In addition to the matured “Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE)” with spherical compression of deuterium-tritium (DT) for a pure fusion engine or for fusion-fission-hybrid operation, a very new scheme may have now been opened by igniting the neutron-free reaction of proton-boron-11 (p-11B) using side-on block ignition. Laser pulses of several petawatt power and ps duration led to the discovery of an anomaly of interaction, if the prepulses are cut off by a factor 108 (contrast ratio) to avoid relativistic self focusing. In this case the Bobin-Chu conditions of side-on ignition of solid fusion fuel can be applied after several improvements leading to energy gains of 10,000 similar to the Nuckolls-Wood ignition with extremely intense 5 MeV electron beams. In contrast to the impossible laser-ignition of p-11B by the usual spherical compression, the side-on ignition is less than ten times only more difficult of DT ignition. This p-11B fusion produces less radioactivity per gained energy than burning coal. After encouraging success with computations based on the different nuclear cross sections, next steps are focusing on stability and transport problems.
Heterogeneous enantioselective catalysts: strategies for the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts (2004)

Enantioselective formation of C-H, C-C, C-O and C-N bonds has been extensively studied using homogeneous asymmetric catalysts for many years. However, these catalysts have yet to make a significant impact in the industrial synthesis of fine chemicals. A central reason is that homogeneous asymmetric catalyst design requires relatively bulky ligands and catalyst re-use through recovery and recycle often causes problems. One mechanism to overcome this problem is to immobilise the asymmetric catalyst onto a support and the resulting heterogeneous asymmetric catalyst can, in principle, be readily re-used. This tutorial review covers the different methodologies for immobilisation, including: adsorption, encapsulation, tethering using a covalent bond and electrostatic interaction and is aimed at both researchers new to the field and those with a wider interest in the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts. Most importantly, recent studies will be highlighted that demonstrate that immobilised catalysts can give higher enantioselection when compared with their non-immobilised counterparts and the question of how high enantioselection can be achieved is addressed.
Simultaneous Use of Two Retroviral Vectors in Human Gene Marking Trials: Feasibility and Potential Applications (1992)

Two Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV)-based neoR retroviral vectors--LNL6 and G1Na--were used to transduce various human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) populations. These groups included bulk CD(8+)- and CD(4+)-enriched TIL from human renal cell carcinomas and melanomas. Transduction efficiencies averaged 5% for single 4-hr supernatant infections. Integrated provirus could be detected for up to 4 weeks of in vitro culture. LNL6 provirus could be distinguished from G1Na provirus using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. A single neomycin phosphotransferase (neoR) gene copy could be detected in 10(5) TIL. Using quantitative PCR, the relative ratio of LNL6 to G1Na copies in the same sample could be determined even at low copy numbers. These preclinical studies demonstrate the feasibility of using two retroviral marking vectors in human gene therapy efforts.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigations of Pyrane Derivatives. Part 118. Oxabenzomorphanes: Synthesis, Reactions, and ZNS Activity of 2,6‐Methano‐1‐benzoxocins. (1987)

Abstract Reaction of the (hydroxyaryl)ethylketones (I) with the acetoacetates (II) in the presence of bases yields the tricyclic ketones (IV) or the corresponding enol derivatives (V) via the intermediate cyclohexenones (III).
Titanium alloy design and casting process development using an Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) approach (2020)

The application of titanium components is generally limited by their high raw material and manufacturing costs. In this paper, a lower cost cast titanium alloy based on the Ti-Al-Fe system has been designed using an ICME approach. The new alloy Ti-6Al-5Fe-0.05B-0.05C (all wt.%) significantly reduces raw material cost and demonstrates improved castability compared with the baseline Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The fine primary and secondary α phase microstructure in the new alloy, due to Fe partitioning, provides exceptionally high strength (1023 MPa yield strength and 1136 MPa ultimate tensile strength) and reasonable ductility (3.7% elongation) for structural applications. On the manufacturing front, the high cost multi-step investment casting process currently used can now be replaced with a low-cost permanent mold casting process using steel molds and a novel ceramic coating. An experimental casting setup, including an induction skull melting (ISM) system, a gravity tilt-pour system and a ceramic-coated H13 steel mold, has been used to produce near-net-shape permanent metallic mold castings with the new titanium alloy developed. Using this setup, and aided by casting process simulation, a prototype automotive connecting rod was cast successfully. The ZrO2 ceramic coating applied to the H13 steel mold was proven effective in minimizing the metal-mold reactions.