gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
One-Pot Production of Fluorescent Surface-Labeled Polymeric Nanoparticles via Miniemulsion Polymerization with Bodipy Surfmers (2012)

New molecules combining the functionalities of surface activity, polymerizability, and fluorescent properties within one molecule that could be seen as a fluorescent surfmer (surfactant and monomer) were successfully synthesized. A long hydrocarbon tail capped with a methacrylamide unit was anchored to a mono- or double-sulfonated Bodipy core. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements in aqueous solutions of the dyes enable one to trace the micelle formation and to find strong polarity dependence of fluorescence properties of the dyes. By using these molecules, polystyrene nanoparticles with fluorescent interfaces were synthesized via miniemulsion polymerization. The surfmers can be used alone or as surfactant additional to sodium dodecyl sulfate that provides stable emulsions and dispersions with a wide range (100–250 nm) of realizable particle sizes after polymerization. All synthesized nanoparticles showed bright fluorescence and can be easily investigated with conventional fluorescent confocal microscopy. Only the fluorescence of particles with double-sulfonated surfmer used is strongly sensitive to fluorescent quenchers as sodium iodide or methyl viologene dissolved in the continuous phase. In contrast, the fluorescence of nanoparticles labeled with the monosulfonated surfmer is only weakly quenched that might be explained by specific orientation of the Bodipy core at particle/water interface.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Crystal Structures, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Diaminochalcogenophosphonium Cations. (1989)

Abstract Treatment of the bis(amido)thio(seleno)phosphoryl chlorides (I) with AlCl 3 (II) afford the ionic dimeric products (III).
Association of I27L Polymorphism of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1α Gene with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level (2003)

The serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), which protects against the development of atherosclerosis, is under genetic control. However, the genetic components responsible for the serum HDL-c level are yet to be determined. A recent knockout mouse study demonstrated that hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha) is an essential transcriptional regulator of HDL-c metabolism. In this study, the association of an HNF-1 alpha gene polymorphism, isoleucine (Ile) 27 leucine (Leu), with lipid parameters, in particular with serum HDL-c level, was studied in 356 unrelated Japanese men. Though no significant difference was observed in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels among the three genotypes, the serum HDL-c level was significantly associated with the genotype (P < 0.01, trend test). Subjects with the Ile/Ile genotype had low serum HDL-c levels, and those with the Leu/Leu genotype had high serum HDL-c levels. These results demonstrate that the HNF-1 alpha gene locus is associated with serum HDL-c level and suggest that the Ile27 allele is a risk marker for atherosclerosis.
Opracowanie metody oceny właściwości użytkowych silników spalinowych w stanach dynamicznych (2016)

W pracy zwrócono uwagę na trudności związane z badaniem właściwości&#13;\nużytkowych silników spalinowych w laboratorium hamownianym w stanach&#13;\ndynamicznych. Stosowane powszechnie testy dynamiczne prowadzą do&#13;\nwyników w postaci uśrednionej w czasie dla całego testu, co uniemożliwia&#13;\nanalizę właściwości silników w poszczególnych stanach pracy. Jednym z&#13;\ngłównych problemów w tym zakresie jest brak synchronizacji wyników&#13;\npomiarów pochodzących z różnych torów pomiarowych. W pracy&#13;\nzaproponowano metodę pozwalającą na minimalizację przesunięć fazowych&#13;\nwyników pochodzących z poszczególnych torów.
Ein metallorganischer Inhibitor des humanen Reparaturenzyms 7,8‐Dihydro‐8‐oxoguanosin‐Triphosphatase (2013)

Abstract Die Verwendung einer metallorganischen Sonde zur Entwicklung des ersten niedermolekularen Inhibitors des Reparaturenzyms 8‐Oxo‐dGTPase wird beschrieben. Dabei handelt es sich um einen unkonventionellen cyclometallierten Ruthenium‐Halbsandwichkomplex. Der niedrig nanomolare metallorganische Inhibitor weist eine erstaunliche Spezifität auf, was durch Tests in umfangreichen Kinase‐ und ATPase‐Panels verifiziert wird. Die Bindung des metallorganischen Inhibitors an MTH1 wird durch Proteinkristallographie untersucht.
Oblivious third parties in the IITM setting (2011)

Nowadays, users often have to disclose valuable information in order to consume a service. Service providers require this information to make their services accountable, and have a fall-back in case of misuse. However, increased awareness on privacy and data protection requires enhanced technologies such as anonymous credentials [2], which both realize accountability and protect the user’s privacy. These schemes typically use a trusted third party for handling disputes. A drawback is the fact that for every, possibly minor dispute, the trusted party gets valuable information about the user and may link transactions of that user. Moreover, in case of a dispute, a powerful user may bribe the TTP to prevent the proper handling of the dispute. Our goal, is to design a protocol in such a way that the TTP is as oblivious as possible to the task it performs, e.g., it does not know which user’s identity it helps to reveal. Additionally, it is often easier for the user to prove satisfaction, than for the service provider to do the opposite. Therefore, to lower the cost of dispute handling, we introduce a (oblivious) satisfaction authority. In our new approach we shift some responsibilities from the service provider towards the user. Instead of the service provider having to prove to the revocation authority that the revocation conditions have been met, it is the user’s responsibility to prove that the satisfaction conditions have been fulfilled! This change facilitates a far less complicated resolution of disputes and conﬂicts which is both more economical for the service provider and more privacy preserving for the user. We propose an ideal protocol for the OTP functionality in the inexhaustible interactive turing machines (IITM) framework [1]. In contrast to other simulation based models (e.g. universal composability, reactive simulatability), this framework allows us to deﬁne ideal systems that are fully described by a virtual incorruptible party to which dummy parties are connected. As the virtual party implements the security critical parts of an ideal system, the ITM’s representing the diﬀerent parties connected to this party are generic and only need to implement forwarding and corruption. Furthermore, we model ideal functionalities such as secure communication, zero-knowledge and two-party computation in the IITM framework as building blocks for our real and ideal OTP protocols. Finally, we prove that the real hybrid OTP protocol strongly emulates the ideal protocol and propose a new structure preserving encryption scheme, realizing the required two party computation protocol. The latter facilitates the actual implementation of the OTP protocol.
Over-Voltage Protection Epoxy-CNT Composites (2019)

The electronics industry is always looking for new ways of protecting devices from over-voltage, or over-current scenarios. In the present work we will introduce novel low-voltage epoxy-carbon nanotube composites with high non-linearity values in resistive devices. Some of the non-linearities achieved had alpha values greater than 10. Devices of different dimensions were made on single polyimide film substrates by photolithographic patterning of interdigitated electrode pairs. These devices were tested at different speeds over different voltage ranges, and I-V relationships are compared. Currently we are looking for direct applications of this technology in microelectronics applications.
Evolution of zoom lens optical design technology and manufacture (2021)

Zoom lens optical designs have advanced for over a century with technology and manufacturing development transforming the capability of zoom lenses. Although there have been many different kinds of zoom lens developed, most fall into three main categories: fundamental, enabling, and improvement technology. Indeed, some technology and manufacturing developments had been crucial to zoom lens optical design development in a pioneering way and yet are now generally considered obvious or even simple. In comparison, other developments are incremental improvements that may be combined together like building blocks. Altogether, the capability of zoom lenses has greatly improved to the extent that today many major performance characteristics are now equal to or come close to matching those of fixed focal length lenses. Some of these characteristics including size, weight, cost, producibility, and general image performance are dependent on widely differing technologies. For example, optical design, coatings, refractive materials, surface types, and the use of computers with suitable optical design software are just some of the technologies that, when combined, have driven the continuous development of zoom lenses and their optical designs. Using zoom lens optical design examples taken from literature and patents, the evolution of zoom lens optical design technology and manufacture is described following a mainly historical order.
Identification and Functional Analysis of the Nocardithiocin Gene Cluster in Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis (2015)

Nocardithiocin is a thiopeptide compound isolated from the opportunistic pathogen Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis. It shows a strong activity against acid-fast bacteria and is also active against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we report the identification of the nocardithiocin gene cluster in N. pseudobrasiliensis IFM 0761 based on conserved thiopeptide biosynthesis gene sequence and the whole genome sequence. The predicted gene cluster was confirmed by gene disruption and complementation. As expected, strains containing the disrupted gene did not produce nocardithiocin while gene complementation restored nocardithiocin production in these strains. The predicted cluster was further analyzed using RNA-seq which showed that the nocardithiocin gene cluster contains 12 genes within a 15.2-kb region. This finding will promote the improvement of nocardithiocin productivity and its derivatives production.
CT Findings in Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia (BOOP) with Radiographic, Clinical, and Histologic Correlation (1993)

The CT features of 12 patients with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) were reviewed and correlated with clinical history, histologic specimens, and chest radiography. From our series, a spectrum of CT findings of parenchymal lung involvement in BOOP emerged. Focal nodular or mass-like opacities were found in 42% (5 of 12). Areas of consolidation resembling pneumonia were seen in 33% (4 of 12). Peripheral subpleural reticular opacities were identified in 25% (3 of 12). Patchy ground glass infiltrates were seen in 8% (1 of 12). One patient demonstrated a mixed pattern consisting of nodular opacities and areas of pneumonic consolidation. In 4 of the 5 cases demonstrating the nodular form of BOOP either a feeding vessel or bronchus sign could be identified. This feature consisted of a pulmonary vessel leading to a nodular opacity or an air bronchogram entering into a nodular opacity. Correlation of the CT findings of BOOP with histologic specimens showed nodular opacities and areas of consolidation to be associated with classic pathologic features of BOOP including bronchiolar plugs of granulation tissue and surrounding organizing pneumonia. Cases demonstrating peripheral subpleural reticular opacities showed, in addition to pathologic evidence of BOOP, other features such as interstitial disease and fibrosis.
Intra-prostatic tumour evolution, steps in metastatic spread and histogenomic associations revealed by integration of multi-region whole genome sequencing with histopathological features (2023)

ABSTRACT Extension of prostate cancer beyond the primary site into the surrounding organs by local invasion or nodal metastasis is associated with poor prognosis. The emergence and evolution of cancer clones at this early stage of expansion and spread has not been studied in detail. We performed whole genome sequencing on 42 prostate cancer samples from the prostate, seminal vesicles and regional lymph nodes of five treatment-naive patients with locally advanced disease who underwent radical prostatectomy. Using cancer cell fractions computed from single nucleotide variants and copy number alterations, we reconstructed the tumour phylogenies, which in turn allowed us to infer key molecular steps in the progression of prostate cancer in these individuals. We mapped the clonal composition of cancer sampled across the prostate in each individual and inferred the routes of spread of cancer cells within the prostate and to seminal vesicles and lymph nodes. Based on these data, we delineated the route of tumour progression and metastasis following the transformation of adenocarcinoma to amphicrine morphology, the molecular events leading to whole genome duplication associated with a single clonal expansion and identified putative driver events associated with local invasion and lymph node metastasis. We also correlated genomic changes associated with differences in morphology and identified putative driver events associated with spread to seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node metastasis. Taken together, these findings have implications for diagnosis and risk stratification, in addition to providing a rationale for further studies to characterise the genetic changes associated with morphological transformation. Our results demonstrate the value of integrating multi-region sequencing with histopathological data to study tumour evolution and identify mechanisms of prostate cancer spread.
Salt Heater Test (FY19) (2019)

This report discusses the fiscal year 2019 (FY19) design, implementation, and preliminary data interpretation plan for a set of borehole heater tests call the brine availability tests in salt (BATS), which is funded by the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The organization of BATS is outlined in Project Plan: Salt In-Situ Heater Test. An early design of the field test is laid out in Kuhlman et al., including extensive references to previous field tests, which illustrates aspects of the present test. The previous test plan by Stauffer et al., places BATS in the context of a multi-year testing strategy, which involves tests of multiple scales and processes, possibly culminating in a drift-scale disposal demonstration.
Noisy Localization Annotation Refinement For Object Detection (2020)

The production of finely annotated datasets for object detection tasks is labor-intensive, therefore, cloud sourcing is often used to create datasets, which leads to these datasets tending to contain incorrect annotations such as inaccurate localization bounding boxes. In this study, we highlight a problem of object detection with noisy bounding box annotations and show that these noisy annotations are harmful to the performance of deep neural networks. To solve this problem, we further propose a framework to allow the network to modify the noisy datasets by alternating refinement. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed framework can significantly alleviate the influences of noise on model performance.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Preclinical Antitumor Efficacy of BAY 1129980—a Novel Auristatin-Based Anti-C4.4A (LYPD3) Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-tumor efficacy of C4.4A-Ab and C4.4A-ADC in NCI-H292 human NSCLC xenograft mouse model.&lt;/p&gt;
2B or Not 2B: A Classic Rule Revisited (2012)

A powerful rule for determining a possible change in trend in trading is the 2B rule. This rule carries a high probability of a change in trend, and it also limits losses and specifies a designated out point for a trade before a position is ever initiated. The 2B Rule is that in an uptrend, if a higher high is made but fails to carry through, and then prices drop below the previous high, then the trend is apt to reverse. The converse is true for downtrends. This observation applies in any of the three trends: short-term, intermediate-term, and long-term. The 2B rule can be just as easily applied to longer-term charts, like weekly or monthly bar charts. When markets stay within trading ranges, even long-term ones, the 2B rule can be a valuable tool. However, although the 2B rule is highly valuable, there are periods when no signal will be seen.
Serpentine and corduroy circuits to enhance the stretchability of a stretchable electronic device (2023)

A stretchable electronic apparatus and method of producing the apparatus. The apparatus has a central longitudinal axis and the apparatus is stretchable in a longitudinal direction generally aligned with the central longitudinal axis. The apparatus comprises a stretchable polymer body, and at least one circuit line operatively connected to the stretchable polymer body, the at least one circuit line extending in the longitudinal direction and having a longitudinal component that extends in the longitudinal direction and having an offset component that is at an angle to the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal component and the offset component allowing the apparatus to stretch in the longitudinal direction while maintaining the integrity of the at least one circuit line.
ChemInform Abstract: Acyclic Stereocontrol Between Remote Atom Centers via Intramolecular and Intermolecular Stereo‐Communication (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Acetylene Exposed to Alumina and Alumina‐Supported Rhodium Catalysts. (1986)

Abstract The very similar products which are formed in the title reaction with Al 2 O 3 , thermally activated Al 2 O 3 , or Rh/Al 2 O 3 catalysts prove to be acetylene trimers.
Accurate, Noninvasive Detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA from Stool Samples: Potential Usefulness for Monitoring Treatment (2002)

A novel DNA assay demonstrating sensitive and accurate detection of Helicobacter pylori from stool samples is reported. Moreover, in three individuals tested for therapeutic response, the assay showed the disappearance of H. pylori DNA during treatment. Thus, this noninvasive molecular biology-based assay has the potential to be a powerful diagnostic tool given its ability to specifically identify H. pylori DNA.
Automated X-ray Image Analysis for Cargo Security: Critical Review and\n Future Promise (2016)

We review the relatively immature field of automated image analysis for X-ray\ncargo imagery. There is increasing demand for automated analysis methods that\ncan assist in the inspection and selection of containers, due to the\never-growing volumes of traded cargo and the increasing concerns that customs-\nand security-related threats are being smuggled across borders by organised\ncrime and terrorist networks. We split the field into the classical pipeline of\nimage preprocessing and image understanding. Preprocessing includes: image\nmanipulation; quality improvement; Threat Image Projection (TIP); and material\ndiscrimination and segmentation. Image understanding includes: Automated Threat\nDetection (ATD); and Automated Contents Verification (ACV). We identify several\ngaps in the literature that need to be addressed and propose ideas for future\nresearch. Where the current literature is sparse we borrow from the\nsingle-view, multi-view, and CT X-ray baggage domains, which have some\ncharacteristics in common with X-ray cargo.\n
Discovery, Synthesis, and Characterization of an Orally Bioavailable, Brain Penetrant Inhibitor of Mixed Lineage Kinase 3 (2013)

Inhibition of mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) is a potential strategy for treatment of Parkinson's disease and HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), requiring an inhibitor that can achieve significant brain concentration levels. We report here URMC-099 (1) an orally bioavailable (F = 41%), potent (IC50 = 14 nM) MLK3 inhibitor with excellent brain exposure in mouse PK models and minimal interference with key human CYP450 enzymes or hERG channels. The compound inhibits LPS-induced TNFα release in microglial cells, HIV-1 Tat-induced release of cytokines in human monocytes and up-regulation of phospho-JNK in Tat-injected brains of mice. Compound 1 likely functions in HAND preclinical models by inhibiting multiple kinase pathways, including MLK3 and LRRK2 (IC50 = 11 nM). We compare the kinase specificity and BBB penetration of 1 with CEP-1347 (2). Compound 1 is well tolerated, with excellent in vivo activity in HAND models, and is under investigation for further development.
Intravenous Application of CD271-selected Mesenchymal Stem Cells During Fracture Healing (2014)

Intravenous application of MSCs may serve as a practical route to deliver stem cells for the treatment of fracture nonunion and delayed union.
Liquid-Crystalline Semiconducting Copolymers with Intramolecular Donor−Acceptor Building Blocks for High-Stability Polymer Transistors (2009)

The ability to control the molecular organization of electronically active liquid-crystalline polymer semiconductors on surfaces provides opportunities to develop easy-to-process yet highly ordered supramolecular systems and, in particular, to optimize their electrical and environmental reliability in applications in the field of large-area printed electronics and photovoltaics. Understanding the relationship between liquid-crystalline nanostructure and electrical stability on appropriate molecular surfaces is the key to enhancing the performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) to a degree comparable to that of amorphous silicon (a-Si). Here, we report a novel donor-acceptor type liquid-crystalline semiconducting copolymer, poly(didodecylquaterthiophene-alt-didodecylbithiazole), which contains both electron-donating quaterthiophene and electron-accepting 5,5'-bithiazole units. This copolymer exhibits excellent electrical characteristics such as field-effect mobilities as high as 0.33 cm(2)/V.s and good bias-stress stability comparable to that of amorphous silicon (a-Si). Liquid-crystalline thin films with structural anisotropy form spontaneously through self-organization of individual polymer chains as a result of intermolecular interactions in the liquid-crystalline mesophase. These thin films adopt preferential well-ordered intermolecular pi-pi stacking parallel to the substrate surface. This bottom-up assembly of the liquid-crystalline semiconducting copolymer enables facile fabrication of highly ordered channel layers with remarkable electrical stability.