gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Olefin Metathesis Featuring Ruthenium Indenylidene Complexes with a Sterically Demanding NHC Ligand (2011)

The synthesis and characterization of two new ruthenium indenylidene complexes [RuCl(2)(SIPr)(Py)(Ind)] 6 and [RuCl(2)(SIPr)(3-BrPy)(Ind)] 7 featuring the sterically demanding N-heterocyclic carbene 1,3-bis(2,6-di isopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene (SIPr) are reported. Remarkable activity was observed with these complexes in ring closing, enyne, and cross metathesis of olefins at low catalyst loadings. The performance of SIPr-bearing complexes 6 and 7 as well as [RuCl(2)(SIPr)(PCy(3))(Ind)] 5 in ring opening metathesis polymerization is also disclosed. This work highlights the enormous influence of the neutral "spectator" ligands on catalyst activity and stability.
Partial deficit of pantothenate kinase 2 catalytic activity in a case of tremor‐predominant neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (2006)

We describe an atypical case of pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) in which slowly progressive arm tremor was the predominant symptom beginning at the age of 25, with late-onset dystonia and dysarthria developing at the age of 50. Compound heterozygous mutations resulting in missense amino acid substitutions G521R and I529V were identified in the pantothenate kinase (PANK2) gene. We demonstrate that while the G521R mutation results in an unstable and inactive protein, the previously unreported I529V substitution has no apparent effect on the stability or catalytic activity of PanK2. The phenotype that results from this combination of mutations suggests that atypical presentations of PKAN may arise from partial deficits in PanK2 catalytic activity.
The Science and Practice of Transitions (2018)

We tend to set ourselves up to thrive in a particular state while ignoring the transitions between states. But there is magic in the transitions; they are where unexpected and interesting things happen. There is an opportunity for our user interfaces to better support the transitions we make. In this talk I will share some of what I have learned from years of productivity research about how to successfully transition between tasks over the course of a day, and reflect on how these findings might be extended to help us understand how we, as academics and practitioners, can successfully transition through the various contexts and roles that we hold in a lifetime.
In vitro skin expansion: Wound healing assessment (2017)

For treatments requiring split-thickness skin grafts, it is preferable to mesh the grafts. This reduces the amount of excised skin and covers more wound area. The mesh technique, however, destroys surface continuity, which results in scarring. Strain-based bioreactors, on the other hand, have successfully expanded split-thickness skin grafts in vitro within a 7-day period, increasing graft coverage. After in vitro expansion, the expanded skin grafts were tested in a porcine full-thickness excisional wound model. Expanded graft take rate was 100%. Volumetric, histologic, and mechanical assessments indicated that expanded grafts were comparable to unexpanded grafts (positive control). While there was considerable variation in expansion (31% to -3.1%), this technique has the potential to enhance the coverage area of skin grafts while reducing or eliminating scarring.
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Reduces CD4+ T-Cell Activation in Type 1 Diabetes Through Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Short Isoform I.1 and CD69 (2007)

S1P acts through the S1P1 receptor and HIF1alpha I.1 to negatively regulate T-cell activation, providing a potential therapeutic target for prevention of diabetes and its vascular complications.
Acquisition and processing of advanced sensor data for ERW and UXO detection and classification (2014)

The remediation of explosive remnants of war (ERW) and associated unexploded ordnance (UXO) has seen improvements through the injection of modern technological advances and streamlined standard operating procedures. However, reliable and cost-effective detection and geophysical mapping of sites contaminated with UXO such as cluster munitions, abandoned ordnance, and improvised explosive devices rely on the ability to discriminate hazardous items from metallic clutter. In addition to anthropogenic clutter, handheld and vehicle-based metal detector systems are plagued by natural geologic and environmental noise in many post conflict areas. We present new and advanced electromagnetic induction (EMI) technologies including man-portable and towed EMI arrays and associated data processing software. While these systems feature vastly different form factors and transmit-receive configurations, they all exhibit several fundamental traits that enable successful classification of EMI anomalies. Specifically, multidirectional sampling of scattered magnetic fields from targets and corresponding high volume of unique data provide rich information for extracting useful classification features for clutter rejection analysis. The quality of classification features depends largely on the extent to which the data resolve unique physics-based parameters. To date, most of the advanced sensors enable high quality inversion by producing data that are extremely rich in spatial content through multi-angle illumination and multi-point reception.
Model for nitridation of nanoscale SiO2 thin films in pulsed inductively coupled N2 plasma (2005)

As nitration of SiO2 gate dielectric can increase the film’s dielectric constant and reduce boron penetration into the Si channel during ion implantation, plasma nitridation is of considerable interest for the fabrication of semiconductor devices. A coupled plasma equipment-surface physics model is used in conjunction with an experimental analysis of nitrided SiO2 thin films to understand the mechanism of SiO2 plasma nitridation. This investigation is conducted in a pulsed inductively coupled N2 plasma. Computational results show that N atoms and N2+ ions are the primary species in the N2 plasma that contribute to the nitridation of SiO2 thin film. N atoms adsorb at the SiO2 surface and diffuse into the bulk film, and most nitrogen near the surface is due to these adsorbed N atoms. N2+ ions, on the other hand, penetrate deeper into the SiO2 film in an ion-implantation-like manner, and these ions are responsible for the observed tail in the nitrogen concentration profile. Nitrogen concentration in the film can be increased by enhancing the plasma source power or the nitridation time. However, once the dielectric surface starts saturating with nitrogen, further nitrogen adsorption is inhibited and nitridation rate tapers off. As the fluxes of atomic N and N2+ ions to the wafer decrease with increasing gas pressure, the nitridation rate decreases with gas pressure. For the range of SiO2 film thickness examined (13–15 Å), the nitrogen transport and reaction properties in the film are film thickness dependent, probably due to the nonuniform density of the initial SiO2 thin film or to interfacial stresses.
Targeting HIV-1 Env gp140 to LOX-1 Elicits Immune Responses in Rhesus Macaques (2016)

Improved antigenicity against HIV-1 envelope (Env) protein is needed to elicit vaccine-induced protective immunity in humans. Here we describe the first tests in non-human primates (NHPs) of Env gp140 protein fused to a humanized anti-LOX-1 recombinant antibody for delivering Env directly to LOX-1-bearing antigen presenting cells, especially dendritic cells (DC). LOX-1, or 1ectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1, is expressed on various antigen presenting cells and endothelial cells, and is involved in promoting humoral immune responses. The anti-LOX-1 Env gp140 fusion protein was tested for priming immune responses and boosting responses in animals primed with replication competent NYVAC-KC Env gp140 vaccinia virus. Anti-LOX-1 Env gp140 vaccination elicited robust cellular and humoral responses when used for either priming or boosting immunity. Co-administration with Poly ICLC, a TLR3 agonist, was superior to GLA, a TLR4 agonist. Both CD4+ and CD8+ Env-specific T cell responses were elicited by anti-LOX-1 Env gp140, but in particular the CD4+ T cells were multifunctional and directed to multiple epitopes. Serum IgG and IgA antibody responses induced by anti-LOX-1 Env gp140 against various gp140 domains were cross-reactive across HIV-1 clades; however, the sera neutralized only HIV-1 bearing sequences most similar to the clade C 96ZM651 Env gp140 carried by the anti-LOX-1 vehicle. These data, as well as the safety of this protein vaccine, justify further exploration of this DC-targeting vaccine approach for protective immunity against HIV-1.
MAC frame formats (2013)

This section provides details on the MAC frame formats. The information provided here is sufficiently detailed to act as a reference for the topics discussed in this book, but it does not provide an exhaustive list of all field elements, particularly in the management frames. For a detailed treatment of the frame formats refer to the actual specification (IEEE, 2012a, 2012b).
Targeting TGR5 in diabesity: Focus on S-EMCA (INT-777) a potent and selective bile acid mimetic agonist (2010)

Reference EPFL-CONF-178695View record in Web of Science Record created on 2012-06-25, modified on 2017-05-12
Physical-layer network coding: A high performance PHY-layer decoder (2016)

Physical-layer network coding (PNC) can potentially boost the throughput of a two-way relay network by 100% compared with conventional packet forwarding schemes. However, the complexity of PNC channel decoders can be considerably higher than the complexity of channel decoders for point-to-point communication systems. Although many PNC channel decoders proposed to date have good decoding performance, they may not be feasibly implemented in practical systems due to their high computation complexities. This paper presents a reduced-complexity decoder (RCD), a PNC decoder with adjustable decoding complexity that is amenable to real-time implementation. We experimentally evaluate the performance-complexity trade-off of RCD. Our experimental results show that RCD can achieve substantial throughput gain over state-of-the-art decoders proposed for real-time PNC systems.
A Case Report and Genetic Characterization of a Massive Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid with Delayed Distant Metastases (2013)

We describe the presentation, management, and clinical outcome of a massive acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland. The primary tumor and blood underwent exome sequencing which revealed deletions in CDKN2A as well as PPP1R13B, which induces p53. A damaging nonsynonymous mutation was noted in EP300, a histone acetylase which plays a role in cellular proliferation. This study provides the first insights into the genetic underpinnings of this cancer. Future large-scale efforts will be necessary to define the mutational landscape of salivary gland malignancies to identify therapeutic targets and biomarkers of treatment failure.
Amylin compared with calcitonin gene-related peptide: structure, biology, and relevance to metabolic disease (1994)

ISLETβ-cells play a central role in the regulation of most cells in the body through secretion of insulin. These cells are now known to secrete a second hormone-like protein, amylin, also known as islet or insulinoma amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) (1–4) as well as numerous other compounds (5) in response to stimuli that elicit insulin release (6–9). Amylin is structurally similar to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (1, 2), a widely distributed neuropeptide (10) and potent vasodilator (11–13). It is the major protein in islet amyloid (1, 3), extracellular accumulation of which occurs in most patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (14) and increases in extent with duration in this disease (15). Amylin and CGRP produce similar biological effects in many tissues. Their actions in skeletal muscle and liver stimulate glycogen breakdown and oppose the actions of insulin (16–22), perhaps through evoked alterations in the activity of enzymes including glycogen phosphorylase (23–25) and glycogen synthase (23, 25).
DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF INFECTION AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY (2003)

Corresponding author: Dean T. Tsukayama, MD Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hennepin County Medical Center, 701 Park Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55415. E-mail address: [email protected]
The Reaction of Active‐Site Inhibitors with Elastase Using a New Assay Substrate (1973)

1. Some active‐site directed chloroketone derivatives of elastase have been synthesised and characterised. Their inhibition constants and rate constants for inhibition of elastase have been determined. 2. A new spectrophotometric substrate of elastase has been developed. 3. Inhibition of elastase increases in efficiency with length of polypeptide chain except that in N ‐acetylated derivatives the dipeptide is significantly less reactive when bound to the enzyme than is a simple alanine derivative.
Human Flexor Tendon Tissue Engineering: Revitalization of Biostatic Allograft Scaffolds (2012)

Cadaveric tendon allografts form a readily available and underutilized source of graft material. Because of their material properties, allografts are biomechanically and biologically superior to synthetic scaffolds. However, before clinical use, allografts must undergo decellularization to reduce immunogenicity and oxidation to increase porosity, leaving a nonvital biostatic scaffold. Ex vivo seeding, or revitalization, is thought to hasten graft incorporation and stimulate intrinsic tendon healing, permitting early mobilization and return to function. In this study, we examined physical and biochemical augmentation methods, including scaffold surface scoring (physical) and rehydration of lyophilized scaffolds in serum (biochemical). Scaffolds were divided into four groups: (1) scored scaffolds, (2) lyophilized scaffolds rehydrated in fetal calf serum (FCS), (3) scaffolds both scored and rehydrated in FCS, and (4) control scaffolds. Scaffolds were reseeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Reseeding efficacy was quantified by a live cell and total cell assays and qualified histologically with hematoxylin and eosin, live/dead and SYTO green nucleic acid stains, TUNEL apoptosis stains, procollagen stains, and transmission electron microscopy. Scaffold-seeded cell viability at up to 2 weeks in vitro and up to 4 weeks in vivo was demonstrated with bioluminescent imaging of scaffolds seeded with luciferase-positive ADSCs. The effect of seeding on scaffold biomechanical properties was demonstrated with evaluation of ultimate tensile stress (UTS) and an elastic modulus (EM). We found that scaffold surface scoring led to an increase in live and total cell attachment and penetration (MTS assay, p<0.001 and DNA assay, p=0.003, respectively). Histology confirmed greater total cell number in both construct core and surface in scored compared with unscored constructs. Cells reseeded on scored constructs displayed reduced apoptosis, persistent procollagen production, and had a similar ultrastructural relationship to the surrounding matrix as native tenocytes on transmission electron microscopy. Rehydration of lyophilized scaffolds in serum did not improve reseeding. Seeded constructs demonstrated greater UTS and EM than unseeded constructs. Scaffolds seeded with ADSC-luc2-eGFP demonstrated persistent viability for at least 2 weeks in vitro. In conclusion, tendon surface scoring increases surface and core reseeding in vitro and may be incorporated as a final step in allograft processing before clinical implantation.
A Practical, General Three-Component Coupling Approach to Prostaglandin and Non-Prostaglandin-Related Skeleta (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Practical, General Three-Component Coupling Approach to Prostaglandin and Non-Prostaglandin-Related SkeletaBruce H. Lipshutz and Michael R. WoodCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 26, 11689–11702Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00105a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00105a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views872Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Free Energy of Defects in Ordered Assemblies of Block Copolymer Domains (2012)

We investigate commonly occurring defects in block copolymer thin films assembled on chemically nanopatterned substrates and predict their probability of occurrence by computing their free energies. A theoretically informed 3D coarse grain model is used to describe the system. These defects become increasingly unstable as the strength of interactions between the copolymer and the patterned substrate increases and when partial defects occur close to the top surface of the film. The results presented here reveal an extraordinarily large thermodynamic driving force for the elimination of defects. When the characteristics of the substrate are commensurate with the morphology of the block copolymer, the probability of creating a defect is extremely small and well below the specifications of the semiconductor industry for fabrication of features having characteristic dimensions on the scale of tens of nanometers. We also investigate how the occurrence of defect changes when imperfections arise in the underlying patterns and find that, while defects continue to be remarkably unstable, stretched patterns are more permissive than compressed patterns.
Supplementary Figure from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals (2023)

Supplementary Figure from The Polarity and Specificity of Antiviral T Lymphocyte Responses Determine Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Cancer and Healthy Individuals
Supplementary Figure S1 from <i>Nedd9</i> Restrains Autophagy to Limit Growth of Early Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

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Flexible router architectures for point-to-point networks. (1996)

Modern parallel and distributed applications have a wide range of communication characteristics and performance requirements. These diverse characteristics affect the performance and suitability of particular routing and switching policies in point-to-point networks. In this thesis, we identify a core set of architectural features necessary for flexible selection and implementation of multiple routing and switching schemes. Using this, we present a flexible router whose routing and switching policies can be tailored to the application, allowing the network to meet these diverse needs. By dedicating a small programmable processor to each incoming link, we can implement wormhole, virtual cut-through, and packet switching, as well as hybrid switching schemes, each under a variety of unicast and multicast routing algorithms. In addition, a flexible router can support several applications or traffic types simultaneously, enabling better support of applications with multiple traffic classes. As part of this work, we have designed and fabricated the Programmable Routing Controller (PRC). Cycle-level simulations of mesh-connected PRCs demonstrate that flexible routing and switching can significantly enhance application performance. We also present and evaluate a new switching scheme called hybrid switching. Hybrid switching dynamically combines both virtual cut-through and wormhole switching to provide higher achievable throughput than wormhole alone, while significantly reducing the buffer space required at intermediate nodes when compared to virtual cut-through. This scheme is motivated by a comparison of virtual cut-through and wormhole switching through cycle-level simulations, and then evaluated using the same methods. Finally, we show that flexible routing and switching can be provided without a performance penalty by developing the z-channel routing engine. This routing engine limits its flexibility in order to match or exceed the performance level of multicomputer routers using fixed network policies.
Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems (2010)

Oxygen measurement by phosphorescence quenching [1, 2] consists of the following steps: 1) the probe is delivered into the medium of interest (e.g. blood or interstitial fluid); 2) the object is illuminated with light of appropriate wavelength in order to excite the probe into its triplet state; 3) the emitted phosphorescence is collected, and its time course is analyzed to yield the phosphorescence lifetime, which is converted into the oxygen concentration (or partial pressure, pO2). The probe must not interact with the biological environment and in some cases to be 4) excreted from the medium upon the measurement completion. Each of these steps imposes requirements on the molecular design of the phosphorescent probes, which constitute the only invasive component of the measurement protocol. Here we review the design of dendritic phosphorescent nanosensors for oxygen measurements in biological systems. The probes consist of Pt or Pd porphyrin-based polyarylglycine (AG) dendrimers, modified peripherally with polyethylene glycol (PEG's) residues. For effective two-photon excitation, termini of the dendrimers may be modified with two-photon antenna chromophores, which capture the excitation energy and channel it to the triplet cores of the probes via intramolecular FRET (Förster Resonance Energy Transfer). We describe the key photophysical properties of the probes and present detailed calibration protocols.
A Review of Pros and Cons of Electric Vehicles in Smart Power System (2018)

With the awareness about the environment and greenhouse effect, researches are going on non-polluting alternatives of the energy. Petroleum, natural gas, coal etc. are main source of energy and public transport. But now advancement of technology main stress is on renewable source of energy, and with deployment of natural resources electric vehicles technology is new alternative to petroleum transport. But the excess use of electric vehicles has some ill effect on the power system. In this work, an analysis of electric vehicle on the power system is presented. Various problems related to these and their solutions are given in literature. Presently, electric vehicles are in developing stage and are the future of the transport system.
Planning, Petri Nets, and Intrusion Detection (1998)

Detection of intrusions with multiple sources and intrusions where incomplete behavioral data is available is a difficult task. We propose a new intrusion detection architecture combining partial order planning and executable Petri Nets to detect such attacks. Partial Order State Transition Analysis Technique, or POSTAT, increases the flexibility of the traditional state analysis approach by allowing unordered events in the signature action sequence.