gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Type III collagen is important for type I collagen fibrillogenesis and for dermal and cardiovascular development (2014)

Type III collagen, a major fibrillar collagen consisting of three α1(III)-chains, is expressed in early embryos, throughout embryogenesis and in a wide variety of adult tissues. Mutations in COL3A1 cause vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (vEDS), a severe, life-threatening disorder, characterized by thin skin and propensity to rupture of arteries and hollow organs. Most mutations are glycine substitutions in the triple helical domain of procollagen. However, the mechanisms by which mutant type III collagen cause dermal and vascular fragility are not well understood. To study the role of type III collagen in development and disease, we generated two transgenic mouse models using a BAC transgenic approach. The col3a1-MUT highly expresses a col3a1 transgene that harbours a typical glycine substitution (p.(Gly183Ser); c.547G>A) within the α1(III)-procollagen helical domain, whereas the col3a1-WT-OE overexpresses WT col3a1. Col3a1-MUT male mice display a thin, fragile skin and develop severe transdermal skin wounds by 3-4 months of age. Biomechanical testing reveals significantly reduced tensile strength of skin and aortic wall. These features are not observed in col3a1-WT-OE. Ultrastructural analysis of skin from col3a1-MUT mice reveals reduced thickness of the epidermis and disturbed cornification. The collagen fibril diameter in the dermis is highly variable and cytoplasmic accumulation of large aggregates is observed. Smooth muscle cells of the aorta produce normal collagen fibrils, but make less connection with the lamina elastica. These ultrastructural abnormalities are not observed in col3a1WT-OE, indicating that the observed phenotype in col3a1-MUT is due to the Gly substitution, and not caused by overexpression of normal type III collagen. Interestingly, collagen fibrils embedded within the cytoplasm and completely enclosed by intracellular membranes, reminiscent of the fibripositor structures described in embryonic mouse tail tendon, are seen in skin fibroblasts from col3a1-WT-OE. Together, our findings underscore a key role for type III collagen in collagen fibrillogenesis in skin and arterial tissue. These two novel animal models provide opportunities for the study of secretion and co-trafficking of fibrillar collagens and in-depth analyses of the role of abnormal type III collagen in vEDS.
High Prevalence of NIDDM and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Indian, Creole, and Chinese Mauritians (1990)

Mauritius, a multiethnic island nation in the southwestern Indian Ocean, has one of the world's highest diabetes mortality rates. The prevalence of both impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was investigated in 5080 Muslim and Hindu Indian, Creole (mixed African, European, and Indian origin), and Chinese Mauritian adults aged 25-74 yr who were selected by random cluster sampling. Based on a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and World Health Organization criteria, the age-standardized prevalence of IGT was significantly greater in women (19.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 18.1-21.2) than in men (11.7%, CI 10.5-12.8). By contrast, the prevalence of NIDDM was similar in men (12.1%, CI 10.9-13.4) and women (11.7%, CI 10.5-12.8) for all ethnic groups combined. The sex difference in IGT prevalence was seen in all ethnic groups, but for NIDDM, the sex difference was not consistent across ethnic groups. However, age- and sex-standardized prevalence of IGT and NIDDM was remarkably similar across ethnic groups (16.2 and 12.4% in Hindu Indians, 15.3 and 13.3% in Muslim Indians, 17.5 and 10.4% in Creoles, and 16.6 and 11.9% in Chinese, respectively). Three new cases of diabetes were diagnosed for every two known cases. The high prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance in Indian subjects is consistent with studies of other migrant Indian communities, but the findings in Creole and, in particular, Chinese subjects are unexpected. Potent environmental factors shared between ethnic groups in Mauritius may be responsible for the epidemic of glucose intolerance.
A general approach to fabricate nanoparticle/graphene nanocomposites for electrochemical applications from gas-phase-synthesized nanoparticles [Poster] (2014)

Gas-phase synthesis of nanoparticles provides materials with high purity at high production rates. For electrochemical applications, the formation of composites of the inorganic nanoparticles with a highly conductive matrix such as graphene is advantageous to improve the conductivity and to reduce the effect of mechanical stress during charging and discharging. A general, new and facile approach has been developed to fabricate nanoparticle/graphene nanocomposites. Gas-phase-synthesized nanoparticles and graphene oxide were used as raw materials which underwent a self-assembling process in the presence of selected reducing agents (ascorbic acid or ethylene diamine) under low-temperature hydrothermal conditions. As examples, Si nanoparticles and Fe2O3 nanoparticles synthesized in a hot-wall reactor and a flame reactor, respectively were processed towards Si/graphene and Fe2O3/graphene nanocomposites. Scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that this method enables the formation of homogeneous nanocomposites. Characterization by XRD, FTIR, XPS, and other techniques revealed that the graphene oxide was well reduced. The graphene layers were well exfoliated and homogenously covered by nanoparticles (Si or Fe2O3) with high weight loadings of up to 69%. Electrochemical characterizations show that these nanocomposites are promising electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.
Toward human egg-like cells in vitro (2018)

Human precursor egg-like cells are produced in mouse ovary organoids to study infertility
PACKING ENERGY AND IRON TO SERVE THE MELTSHOP REQUIREMENTS (2017)

The performance requirements for modern steelmaking facilities are ever more stringent, as customers and markets are continuously pushing for technologies which allow having high quality steel produced in an economic and sustainable way. In the details, this paper has the aim to present the excellent results obtained by integrated steel plant where an EAF is fed with high quality hot ENERGIRON DRI. The recent technology developments, combined with the affirmed basic process design, contributed to further maximize the energy of the DRI, reaching the EAF at temperatures above 600C with a carbon content up to 3.5%, as confirmed by plant data. These improved input material characteristics resulted in reduced electrical energy consumption and increased liquid steel production.
Supplementary Table 3 from PRMT1-Mediated Translation Regulation Is a Crucial Vulnerability of Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;GSEA analysis of differentially expressed genes in the control versus Prmt1 KO mOS at the transcript level using hallmark gene sets.&lt;/p&gt;
Inhibition of CD4/p56lck signaling by a dominant negative mutant of Shc (1995)

T-cell antigen receptor stimulation results in phosphorylation of the SH2 containing Shc proteins and recruitment of the Grb2/mSos complex suggesting that Shc proteins are involved in transducing T-cell activating signals to Ras. We have measured the effects of the isolated Shc-SH2 domain and the dominant negative RasN17 protein on activation of the T-cell specific transcription factor NF-AT. The isolated Shc-SH2 domain was designed to compete with endogenous Shc binding to upstream tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and to interfere with coupling to regulators of Ras activation. We have demonstrated that both the Shc-SH2 domain and the RasN17 protein significantly inhibited NF-AT activation by the CD4 coreceptor and the CD4 associated tyrosine kinase p56lck. In contrast, only the RasN17 protein reduced NF-AT activation by the TCR/CD3 complex. Furthermore, tyrosine kinase activity and p56lck protein were found in complexes immunoprecipitated with Shc specific antisera after CD4 triggering but not after CD3 triggering. These results indicate that both CD4 and CD3 signal to Ras and that this signaling is mediated by independent pathways of activation of the Shc adaptor protein.
Bordetella avium Hemagglutination and Motility Mutants: Isolation, Characterization, and Pathogenicity (1994)

Transposon mutagenesis was used to produce Bordetella avium mutants, which were screened for the lack of potential virulence factors, including a hemagglutinin, flagella, pili, and toxins. A mini-Tn10 transposon containing a kanamycin-resistance gene was introduced into the chromosomal DNA of the virulent 002/S isolate by electroporation. A hemagglutination-negative (HA-) mutant and a motility-negative mutant were obtained. Southern blot analysis showed that only the motility-negative mutant contained the transposon, whereas the HA- mutant was a spontaneous kanamycin-resistant mutant. Both mutants were stable in vitro and in vivo. Following inoculation of 2-week-old poults, the HA- mutant was determined to be less virulent than the 002/S parent, whereas the motility-negative mutant was similar in virulence to the 002/S parent. These results indicate that the hemagglutinin of B. avium is a virulence factor, but motility does not appear to contribute to virulence.
Homodyned K-distribution parametric maps combined with elastograms for carotid artery plaque assessment (2016)

The goal of this work was to perform tissue characterization of atherosclerotic carotid plaques to assess their vulnerability to rupture. It was hypothesized that the echo envelope of radiofrequency signals of carotid arteries at 7.2 MHz is distributed locally according to homodyned K-distributions (HKD). Based on the statistical parameters of this distribution, two HKD parametric maps could be constructed, a first one related to the mean intensity and the second one related to the diffuse intensity SNR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which is a novel feature in this context. The objective was to test if quantities extracted from such parametric maps, together with elastograms, could distinguish between non-vulnerable carotid artery plaques, and neovascularized or vulnerable ones, as assessed with magnetic resonance imaging. This novel combination of mean intensity, diffuse intensity SNR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and elastogram, was quantitatively tested using a neural network with two hidden layers of 21 and 7 neurons, trained by minimizing weighted cross entropy, on plaques of 31 patients (12 non-vulnerable plaques, 19 neovascularized or vulnerable ones). Sensitivity and specificity were estimated with a bootstrap method. Classification based solely on elastograms yielded a specificity of 66.6% for a sensitivity of 82.7%. For the same sensitivity, the specificity was raised to 79.3% with the proposed combined method.
ChemInform Abstract: Infinite Coordination Polymer Nano‐ and Microparticle Structures (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Delayed feedback controller for microelectromechanical systems resonators undergoing large motion (2013)

In this paper, we study the effect of a delayed feedback controller on stabilizing microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators when undergoing large amplitude motion. A delayed feedback velocity controller is implemented through modifying the parallel plate electrostatic force used to excite the resonator into motion. A nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom model is used to simulate the resonator response. Long-time integration is used. Then, a finite difference technique to capture periodic motion combined with the Floquet theory is utilized to capture the stable and unstable periodic responses. We show that applying a suitable positive gain can stabilize the MEMS resonator near or inside the dynamic pull in instability bands. We also study the stability of the resonator by tracking its basins of attraction while sweeping the controller gain and the frequency of excitations. We notice significant enhancement in the safe area of the basins of attraction in the cases of positive delayed gains.
Interleukin‐12 induces salivary gland dysfunction in transgenic mice, providing a new model of Sjögren's syndrome (2009)

Our findings indicate that a number of conditions associated with SS are exhibited by IL-12-transgenic SJL mice and that this model might be useful in researching multiple aspects of the disease.
Progress in plasma desorption mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins (1989)

The principles and some applications of plasma desorption (PD) m.s. were described in this journal in a report from the Biochemical Society's 618th Meeting in Liverpool on 2-4 April 1986 (Roepstorff et al., 1987a). Since then, PD-m.s. has developed to become a routine method in protein studies in our laboratory. DUring this period the sample preparation techniques using adsorption to ntricellulose (Johnsson et al., 1986) have been improved, resulting in an increased sensitivity and extended applicability. The largest protein for which molecular ions had been seen was at that time trypsin (M, 23 406). Since then molecular ions have been observer for larger proteins, e.g.g subtilsin, carbonic anhydraseand the hitherto largest protein observed in the gas phase, porcine pepsin, for which the M, was measured at 34630 (Crait et al., 1987)<br/>The present report describes the improvements of the technique which have been obtained as a result of the collaboration between our laboratory and Dr B. Sundqvist and collaborators at the Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Furthermore, it describes recent application of PD-m.s. to protein studies in our laboratory and outlines general strategies for the use of PD-m.s. in protein sequence studies and biotechnology. For a more extensive survey of PD-m.s.m see the recent reviews by Sundqvist &amp; Macfarlane (1985) and Roepstorff &amp; Sundqvist (1986).
Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter for the Cs 455 nm transition (1992)

The performance of a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter operating on the Cs 455-nm transition is calculated. The results show that the filter can provide high transmission (0.96), very narrow pass bandwidth (0.9 GHz), and low equivalent noise bandwidth (3.3 GHz) under optimum filter operational conditions. The optimum filter conditions also suppress the transmission of the Cs 459-nm transition.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rapid paper diagnostic for plasma fibrinogen concentration (2019)

Fibrinogen is a blood protein that is essential for clotting. It is converted into the polymer fibrin by the blood enzymes thrombin and factor XIIIa. Fibrinogen is one of the first proteins to be depleted in heavily bleeding patients. Patients with early hypofibrinogenemia need urgent fibrinogen replenishment to prevent the onset of haemorrhage and death. However, currently there is no rapid, sensitive, cheap and easy-to-use fibrinogen assay that can detect fibrinogen concentrations. In this study, we have developed a new paper-based diagnostic to quantify the fibrinogen concentration in blood at room temperature. This diagnostic is a 2-step process: first, plasma is added onto thrombin-treated paper strips where fibrinogen is converted to fibrin; then the strips are placed into an aqueous dye bath where elution occurs. The test operates by measuring the change in hydrophobicity, which increases with fibrinogen concentration under otherwise constant conditions. The diagnostic can precisely measure fibrinogen concentration within the range of 0-2 g L-1, which is ideal for the clinical diagnosis of hypofibrinogenemia. Furthermore, testing needs only 12 μL of plasma, 60 mU of thrombin and 7.5 minutes of testing. This diagnostic has the potential to revolutionise point of care testing and save many lives.
Implementation of edge map guided fuzzy filtering for artifact reduction in highly compressed video (2005)

This work presents an implementation of a postfiltering algorithm for the reduction of video coding artifacts in highly compressed video, based on a fuzzy filtering approach. The implementation considers two fast methods for obtaining the filter weights, which are incorporated into a practical scheme for calculating the filter output.
miR-302b enhances breast cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin by regulating E2F1 and the cellular DNA damage response (2015)

The identification of the molecular mechanisms involved in the establishment of the resistant phenotype represents a critical need for the development of new strategies to prevent or overcome cancer resistance to anti-neoplastic treatments.Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, and resistance to chemotherapy negatively affects patient outcomes. Here, we investigated the potential role of miR-302b in the modulation of breast cancer cell resistance to cisplatin.miR-302b overexpression enhances sensitivity to cisplatin in breast cancer cell lines, reducing cell viability and proliferation in response to the treatment. We also identified E2F1, a master regulator of the G1/S transition, as a direct target gene of miR-302b. E2F1 transcriptionally activates ATM, the main cellular sensor of DNA damage. Through the negative regulation of E2F1, miR-302b indirectly affects ATM expression, abrogating cell-cycle progression upon cisplatin treatment. Moreover miR-302b, impairs the ability of breast cancer cells to repair damaged DNA, enhancing apoptosis activation following cisplatin treatment.These findings indicate that miR-302b plays a relevant role in breast cancer cell response to cisplatin through the modulation of the E2F1/ATM axis, representing a valid candidate as therapeutic tool to overcome chemotherapy resistance.
<title>Transport investigations of terbium chelate complexes in a type 1 collagen tissue model using quantitative micro-endoscopic imaging</title> (1999)

The diffusive transport characteristics of a unique class of small fluorescent molecular probes in an interstitial tissue model are investigated using micro-endoscopy. The probes employed in the present work are organo-metallic complexes of polyazamacrocycles chelated to Terbium. These particular molecules have large Stoke's shifts, making them amendable to tissue analysis. The delocalized electronic structure of the organic chelate absorbs ultra-violate light (approximately 270 nm) and, after inter-molecular transfer, the lanthanide cation fluoresces in the visible region (550 nm). The diffusive transport properties of the probe molecules are related to their chemical structure, which governs their affinity toward the components of the interstitial model. The basic polyazamacrocycle is functionalized with three phosphate groups. Presently, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl alkyl chains are added to the phosphate groups on the polyazamacrocycle to modify the affinity of the probes toward the components of the interstitial model. Micro-endoscopy coupled with digital imaging allows remote, quantitative analysis of the transport process in near real time. Cross sectional analysis of the images yields the concentration profile of the probe as it diffuses through the gel. The concentration profile is fit to Fick's second law of diffusion to determine the diffusion coefficient, D, for each of the problem molecules. Presently the measured D values for each of the compounds are typical for small molecules in water (approximately 10<SUP>-6</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP>/sec), however, D is observed to increase with decreasing hydrocarbon chain length which demonstrates interstitial transport is structurally dependent.
Selective Elimination of HIV-1-Infected Cells with an Interleukin-2 Receptor-Specific Cytotoxin (1991)

Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is associated with cellular activation and expression of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor. A genetically engineered fusion toxin, DAB486 IL-2, that contains the enzymatic site and translocation domain of diphtheria toxin and the receptor binding domain of IL-2 specifically kills cells that express high-affinity IL-2 receptors. This toxin selectively eliminated the HIV-1-infected cells from mixed cultures of infected and uninfected cells and inhibited production of viral proteins and infectious virus. Thus, cellular activation antigens present a target for early antiviral intervention.
Positron lifetime and SEM studies of porous silica (2013)

Porous silica has been used as support for catalysts used to convert renewable and fossil resources into useful energy sources. Understanding the pore structure of these materials is crucial for the design and synthesis of supported metal catalysts. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) can be used to characterize the nanoscale pore structure of these materials. Silica powders with two different porous structures were subjected to compressive pressure deformation using a hydraulic press. SEM images at 100K magnification show that the more-porous silica has larger granules compared to low-porous silica. A decrease in granular size due to deformation is clearly observed for more-porous silica and almost unchanged for low-porous silica. The positron third lifetime component in the more-porous silica showed 6.6 ns lifetime (pore size of ~ 11 Å) with 3.4% intensity, while these values after 20 kPSI pressure deformation were 2.9 ns (pore size of ~ 6.8 Å) with 12.4% intensity. This shows that the larger-pores collapse to form 3-4 times more smaller-pores and consistent with the almost same values observed for the fractional free volume in the uncompressed and deformed samples. The effect of deformation on the low-porous silica is negligible at the applied pressure. The third lifetime for this sample is 1.8 ns (pore size of ~ 5.2 Å) with intensity of 4.3% for both as-made and deformed samples.
Figure S3 from Regulation of eIF4F Translation Initiation Complex by the Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase FKBP7 in Taxane-resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;FKBP7 silencing and overexpression effect on cell growth and taxane response&lt;/p&gt;
Combining polyethylene and polypropylene: Enhanced performance with PE/ i PP multiblock polymers (2017)

How to make opposites compatible Polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene ( i PP) are the two most widely used commodity plastics and thus make up a large fraction of the waste stream. However, the two plastics will not mix together, which limits options for dealing with mixed waste and decreases the value of recycled products. Eagan et al. report the synthesis of multiblock copolymers of i PP and PE by using a selective polymer initiator (see the Perspective by Creton). The high-molecular-weig ht blocks could be used to reinforce the interface between i PP and PE and allow blending of the two polymers. Science , this issue p. 814 ; see also p. 797