gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling the effects of the PCB motion on the response of microstructures under mechanical shock (2010)

Microelectomechanical systems (MEMS) are often used in portable electronic products that can be subjected to mechanical shock or impact due to being dropped accidentally. This work presents a modeling and simulation effort to investigate the effect of the vibration of a printed circuit board (PCB) on the dynamics of MEMS microstructures when subjected to shock. Two models are presented. In the first approach, the PCB is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam to which a lumped model of a MEMS device is attached. In the second approach, a special case of a cantilever microbeam is modeled as a distributed-parameter system, which is attached to the PCB. These lumped-distributed and distributed-distributed models are solved numerically by integration of the equation of motion over time using the Galerkin procedure. Results of the two models are compared against each other for the case of a cantilever microbeam and also compared to the predictions of a finite-element model using ANSYS. The influence of the higher order vibration modes of the PCB, the location of the MEMS device on the PCB, the electrostatic forces, damping, and shock pulse duration are presented. It is found that neglecting the effects of the higher order modes of the PCB and the location of the MEMS device can cause incorrect predictions of the response of the microstructure and may lead to failure of the MEMS device. It is observed from the results that in some cases, depending on the different parameters of the problem, the response of the microstructure can be amplified causing early dynamic pull-in and hence possibly failure of the device.
Managing Pension Plans: A Comprehensive Guide to Improving Plan Performance (2001)

Managing Pension Plans: A Comprehensive Guide to Improving Performance, by Dennis E. Logue and Jack Rader, 1998, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Reviewers: William P. Jennings and Penelope R. Jennings, California State UniversityNorthridge The authors of Managing Pension Plans: A Comprehensive Guide to Improving Performance identify two objectives for the book: to show the importance of managing pension plans within the context of the special relationship between the pension plan and the sponsoring organization and to show that the complexities and interrelationships of pension fund decisions must be considered in their entirety and not as mere isolated elements. Unlike most academic journals or books in the popular press that focus on individual pension plan issues such as the tax advantages of pension plans, fiduciary duties of sponsoring organizations, or the proper role of diversification, this book provides a comprehensive discussion of the specific issues surrounding pension plans within the context of the stated objectives. An example of how this approach alters the usual discussion can be seen in the first chapter, Why Have Pension Plans at All? From the basic descriptions of kinds of plan sponsors and types of plans, such as defined benefit and defined contribution plans, the chapter quickly moves to address pensions as tax-advantaged, motivating contracts between employers and employees. Viewed in this manner, the pension plan is both a part of employee compensation and a tool to help solve problems in attracting or keeping desirable workers. The discussion moves logically to the next chapter, in which the authors analyze the decision of Choosing the Best Pension Plan and examine the influences of public policy and the interrelated, but potentially conflicting, needs of employers and their employees. These early chapters clearly demonstrate that there are no easy solutions to or simple rules of thumb for the many issues that pension plan administrators and sponsoring organizations face. The authors also recognize that as theories of investing develop, what a prudent investor is or what state of the art is will change. The process of change requires sponsoring organizations and plan managers to continuously analyze their legal and ethical responsibilities. Furthermore, unlike many other works that give short shrift to the public sector, the book offers a serious review of the unique positions and problems of public pension plans. For example, the discussion of shareholder activism in Chapter 13 shows that large public pension funds such as CALPERS may engage in more activism than private pension plans, in large part because of less fear of financial or business retaliation. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 examine pension investment considerations related to establishing an investment policy, making asset allocation decisions, and allocating assets in a strategic manner. …
Supplementary Figures from MAP Kinase Pathway Alterations in <i>BRAF</i>-Mutant Melanoma Patients with Acquired Resistance to Combined RAF/MEK Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 550K, Contains supplementary figures 1-3&lt;/p&gt;
UV Light Generation in High-Quality CsB&gt;inf&lt;3&gt;/inf&lt;O&gt;inf&lt;5&gt;/inf&lt;Fabricated by Post-Growth Heat Treatments (2006)

Post-growth heat treatments of CsB <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> enable to produce high-quality optical devices free from scattering centers. We generated 355-nm UV light output power of 14 W from a high-power Nd:YAG laser.
Optical amplifiers and lasers (2023)

An optical amplifier and laser having both broad band and wide range specific band capability can be based on semiconductor nanocrystal solids.
Inhibition of phospholipase A 2 (1994)

Phospholipases A2 are involved in inflammatory processes such as the liberation of free arachidonic acid from the membrane pool for the biosynthesis of eicosanoids. Inhibitors of these enzymes are proving useful in determining the biological roles of phospholipases A2 in complex cellular processes and may also have therapeutic potential. Inhibition of these lipolytic enzymes is more difficult to characterize as the enzymatic reaction occurs at a lipid/water interface. This review focuses on the description of a number of classes of rationally designed phospholipase A2 inhibitors. The development of a theoretical framework for the proper analysis of inhibitors is presented. Structural studies of phospholipase A2-inhibitor complexes suggest how the lipolysis reaction is catalyzed. Finally, some recent results on the use of phospholipase A2 inhibitors in living cells and tissues are revealed.
Energy efficient beamforming design for full-duplex MIMO interference channels (2017)

We consider the beamforming design to maximize the energy-efficiency (EE) of a K link multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channel, where each link consists of two full-duplex (FD) nodes. We first transform the original fractional form optimization problem into an equivalent subtractive-form optimization problem by exploiting the properties of fractional programming, and then perform a two-layer optimization scheme. In the outer layer, the EE parameter is searched using a simple one-dimensional search, and in the inner layer, the relationship between Weighted-Sum-Rate (WSR) and Weighted Minimum-Mean-Squared-Error (WMMSE) problems is exploited to solve the subtractive form optimization problem. Simulation results show that the EE of FD systems is lower than that of half-duplex (HD) systems, as FD nodes need to overcome self-interference (SI) which leads to high power consumption.
A total synthesis of milbemycin E (1989)

E. R. Parmee, P. G. Steel and E. J. Thomas, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, 1250 DOI: 10.1039/C39890001250
Differentiation-Specific, Octamer-Dependent Costimulation of κ Transcription (1998)

Abstract By mutational analysis of the octamer-TATA box intervening region in the mouse SP6 κ promoter, we have mapped two octamer-dependent, costimulatory regions, A and B. The A region was active in late B cells only, while the B region was active throughout B cell differentiation. The B region was TATA proximal and contained a heptamer and an E box of the E2A type that is common in Vκ promoters. Mutation of the heptamer element did not decrease transcriptional stimulation from this region, but mutations in, or immediately 5′ of, the E box core sequence did. A protein binding to this region could be detected in nuclear extracts. The complex could only partially be competed with a μE5 binding site and could not be supershifted with Abs raised to E2A gene products, indicating that it may represent a novel E-box binding complex. The A region was located proximal to the octamer and contained a CCCT element that is conserved both with regard to position and sequence in human VκII promoters. By mutational analysis, the transcriptional stimulatory activity was mapped to the CCCT element that also is part of an early B cell factor (EBF) binding site. In late B cells, a novel protein (FA), which did not bind to the EBF binding site in the mb1 promoter, interacted with the A region. This protein was found to be expressed at lower levels in early B cells as well as in HeLa cells. Thus, the octamer-flanking sequence contains positive control elements that may act independently but that differ in the stage of B cell differentiation at which they are active. One of these factors is an example of an ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that participate in differentiation-specific transcriptional activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Properties of N‐Fluoropyridinium Salts. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recent Advances in Machine Learning for Fiber Optic Sensor Applications (2021)

Over the last three decades, fiber optic sensors (FOS) have gained a lot of attention for their wide range of monitoring applications across many industries, including aerospace, defense, security, civil engineering, and energy. FOS technologies hold great promise to form the backbone for next‐generation intelligent sensing platforms that offer long‐distance, high‐accuracy, distributed measurement capabilities and multiparametric monitoring with resilience to harsh environmental conditions. The major limitations posed by FOS are 1) cross‐sensitivity, 2) enormous volume and large data generation, 3) low data processing speed, 4) degradation of signal‐to‐noise ratio over the fiber length, and 5) overall cost of sensor and interrogator systems. These challenges can be overcome by building advanced data analytics engines enabled by recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). This article presents a comprehensive review of recent studies that integrate ML and AI algorithms with FOS technologies. This review also highlights several FOS technology development directions that promise a significant impact on widespread use for several industrial applications, with an emphasis on energy systems monitoring. A perspective on future directions for further research development is also provided.
How to Remember What to Remember (2017)

Digital reminder systems typically use time and place as triggers to remind people to perform activities. In this paper, we investigate how digital reminder systems could better support the process of remembering in a wider range of situations. We report findings from a survey and one-week diary study, which reveal that people want to remember to perform a broad spectrum of activities in the future, many of which cannot be supported by simple time- and location-based reminders. In addition to these examples of prospective memory, or ‘remembering intentions’ [53], we also find that people want support in ‘retrieving’ [53] information and details, especially those encountered through social interactions or intended for use in conversations with others. Drawing on our analysis of what people want to remember and how they try to support this, we draw implications for the design of intelligent reminder systems such as digital assistants (e.g. Microsoft’s Cortana) and smart speaker systems (e.g. Amazon Echo), and highlight the possibilities afforded by drawing on conversation and giving material form to digital reminders.
Designed FHIT alleles establish that Fhit-induced apoptosis in cancer cells is limited by substrate binding (2003)

The FHIT gene is inactivated early in the development of many human tumors, and Fhit-deficient mice have increased cancer incidence. Viral reexpression of Fhit kills Fhit-deficient cells by induction of apoptosis. Fhit, a member of branch 2 of the histidine-triad superfamily of nucleoside monophosphate hydrolases and transferases, is a diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolase, the active-site histidine of which is not required for tumor suppression. To provide a rigorous test of the hypothesis that Fhit function depends on forming a complex with substrates, we designed a series of alleles of Fhit intended to reduce substrate-binding andor hydrolytic rates, characterized these mutants biochemically, and then performed quantitative cell-death assays on cancer cells virally infected with each allele. The allele series covered defects as great as 100,000-fold in k(cat) and increases as large as 30-fold in K(M). Nonetheless, when mutant FHIT genes were expressed in two human cancer cell lines containing FHIT deletions, reductions in apoptotic activity correlated exclusively with K(M). Mutants with 2- and 7-fold increases in K(M) significantly reduced apoptotic indices, whereas the mutant with a 30-fold increase in K(M) retained little cellular function. These data indicate that the proapoptotic function of Fhit is limited by substrate binding and is unrelated to substrate hydrolysis.
Neural Rendering Model: Joint Generation and Prediction for Semi-Supervised Learning. (2018)

Unsupervised and semi-supervised learning are important problems that are especially challenging with complex data like natural images. Progress on these problems would accelerate if we had access to appropriate generative models under which to pose the associated inference tasks. Inspired by the success of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for supervised prediction in images, we design the Neural Rendering Model (NRM), a new probabilistic generative model whose inference calculations correspond to those in a given CNN architecture. The NRM uses the given CNN to design the prior distribution in the probabilistic model. Furthermore, the NRM generates images from coarse to finer scales. It introduces a small set of latent variables at each level, and enforces dependencies among all the latent variables via a conjugate prior distribution. This conjugate prior yields a new regularizer based on paths rendered in the generative model for training CNNs-the Rendering Path Normalization (RPN). We demonstrate that this regularizer improves generalization, both in theory and in practice. In addition, likelihood estimation in the NRM yields training losses for CNNs, and inspired by this, we design a new loss termed as the Max-Min cross entropy which outperforms the traditional cross-entropy loss for object classification. The Max-Min cross entropy suggests a new deep network architecture, namely the Max-Min network, which can learn from less labeled data while maintaining good prediction performance. Our experiments demonstrate that the NRM with the RPN and the Max-Min architecture exceeds or matches the-state-of-art on benchmarks including SVHN, CIFAR10, and CIFAR100 for semi-supervised and supervised learning tasks.
Crazy Sequential Representations: Fill the Gaps (04) (2019)

Abstract not available.
Human amniotic fluid-derived induced pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into beating ventricular cardiomyocytes (2013)

Kunisaki, Shaun Michael MD; Jiang, Guihua MS; Di Bernardo, Julie PhD; da Rocha, Andre Monteiro PhD; Villa-Diaz, Luis G. PhD, DVM; Krebsbach, Paul H. PhD; O'Shea, Sue K. PhD; Kunisaki, Shaun M. MD Author Information
Interactions of mucins with the Tn or Sialyl Tn cancer antigens including MUC1 are due to GalNAc–GalNAc interactions (2016)

The molecular mechanism(s) underlying the enhanced self-interactions of mucins possessing the Tn (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) or STn (NeuNAcα2-6GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) cancer markers were investigated using optical tweezers (OT). The mucins examined included modified porcine submaxillary mucin containing the Tn epitope (Tn-PSM), ovine submaxillary mucin with the STn epitope (STn-OSM), and recombinant MUC1 analogs with either the Tn and STn epitope. OT experiments in which the mucins were immobilized onto polystyrene beads revealed identical self-interaction characteristics for all mucins. Identical binding strength and energy landscape characteristics were also observed for synthetic polymers displaying multiple GalNAc decorations. Polystyrene beads without immobilized mucins showed no self-interactions and also no interactions with mucin-decorated polystyrene beads. Taken together, the experimental data suggest that in these molecules, the GalNAc residue mediates interactions independent of the anchoring polymer backbone. Furthermore, GalNAc-GalNAc interactions appear to be responsible for self-interactions of mucins decorated with the STn epitope. Hence, Tn-MUC1 and STn-MUC1 undergo self-interactions mediated by the GalNAc residue in both epitopes, suggesting a possible molecular role in cancer. MUC1 possessing the T (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) or ST antigen (NeuNAcα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) failed to show self-interactions. However, in the case of ST-MUC1, self-interactions were observed after subsequent treatment with neuraminidase and β-galactosidase. This enzymatic treatment is expected to introduce Tn-epitopes and these observations thus further strengthen the conclusion that the observed interactions are mediated by the GalNAc groups.
Bacterial growth in red blood cell units exposed to uncontrolled temperatures: challenging the 30‐minute rule (2013)

There is no added risk to RBC safety by increasing RT exposures to 60 min with each removal from storage for up to a total of 3 h during RBC shelf life. Therefore, extending the 30-min limitation in RBCs exposed to uncontrolled temperatures to 60 min should be considered by regulatory agencies.
Formant estimation with linear prediction (1980)

Although the vocal tract transfer function for vowels is approximately all-pole, the resulting vowel waveform is not. We have investigated the effects of using an all-pole analysis technique (linear prediction) on real and synthetic vowels. Formant estimation accuracy and pole location stability were studied as a function of the length and placement of the speech segment analyzed, its pitch, and the analysis technique used. The synthetic speech consisted of a glottal waveform model [G. Fant, STL-QPSR 1 (1979)] with time varying formant damping. Covariance and autocorrelation linear prediction was performed over closed glottis phases, entire pitch periods, and randomly placed 20–25 ms frames. Closed glottis phases for real speech were identified from simultaneous laryngograph measurements and verified by inverse filtering. Covariance linear prediction over the closed glottis phase gave the most accurate formant estimates, stable pole locations, and little or no degradation with increasing pitch. Other analysis intervals or techniques gave significantly poorer results. [Work supported by NSF.]
Construction of equivalent source for modulated electromagnetic radiation (2014)

In order to take effective measures to solve the interference problem of electronic devices, it is important to know the equivalent current distribution which is equivalent to the radiation source of unnecessary electromagnetic waves inside the electronic devices. Although many researches are focused on estimation of source location of the radiation source, most of the approaches are valid for the coherent radiation source, but invalid for incoherent radiation source. In this report, an approach is studied which is expected to be applied to construction of equivalent source for incoherent radiation such as modulated electromagnetic radiation. The proposed method includes a time domain near-field (TDNF) method to measure the modulated radiation in time domain, and an inverse matrix method for constructing of equivalent source from the correlation analysis of the measured near-field distribution. The method is introduced and described at first and the validity of this method is demonstrated by some examples using numerical simulation.
Multihop Relaying for Broadband Wireless Mesh Networks: From Theory to Practice (2007)

We summarize capacity results to show merits of multihop relaying in broadband cellular mesh networks. Under the guidance of these results, we provide design perspectives on relay deployment, spectrum allocation, and end-to-end optimization of certain QoS measures such as throughput, coverage, reliability, and robustness. We conclude with an overview of recent standardization activities and remarks on remaining open problems and design challenges.
Interferenceless Coded Aperture Correlation Holography with Point Spread Holograms of Isolated Chaotic Islands for 3D Imaging (2021)

Abstract Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography (I-COACH) is an incoherent digital holographic technique with lateral and axial resolution similar to a regular lens-based imaging system. The properties of I-COACH are dictated by the shape of the system’s point response termed point spread hologram (PSH). As previously shown, chaotic PSHs which are continuous over some area on the image sensor enable the system to perform three-dimensional (3D) holographic imaging. We also showed that a PSH of an ensemble of sparse dots improves the system’s signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but reduces the dimensionality of the imaging from three to two dimensions. In this study, we test the midway shape of PSH, an ensemble of sparse islands distributed over the sensor plane. A PSH of isolated chaotic islands improves the SNR of the system compared to continuous chaotic PSH without losing the capability to perform 3D imaging. Reconstructed images of this new system are compared with images of continuous PSH, dot-based PSH, and direct images of a lens-based system. Visibility, SNR, and the product of visibility with SNR are the parameters used in the study. We also demonstrate the imaging capability of a system with partial annular apertures. The reconstruction results have better SNR and visibility than lens-based imaging systems with the same annular apertures.