gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Penning Ionization (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
A short note on the eigenvalues of regular Hall-plates (2023)

This note is about uniform, plane, singly connected, regular Hall-plates with an arbitrary number of contacts exposed to a uniform magnetic field of arbitrary strength. In practice, the regular symmetry is the most common one. If the Hall-plates are mapped conformally to the unit disk, regular symmetry means that all contacts are equally large and all contact spacings are equally large, yet the contact spacing may be different from the size of the contacts. The indefinite conductance matrices of such Hall-plates are circulant matrices, whose complex eigenvalues are computed in closed form.
Diffractive lens fabrication by replica molding (2001)

Summary form only given. Diffractive lenses and 2-D gratings were fabricated using electron-beam lithography and replica molding. With electron-beam lithography, feature sizes smaller than 60 nm can be achieved. We demonstrate that we can achieve similar feature sizes with replica molding. High-fidelity replica molding can become an important tool to complement electron-beam lithography in the fabrication of DOEs and other nanostructures.
[Curcumin improves the impaired working memory in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines]. (2014)

Curcumin pretreatment improves the impaired spatial working memory in global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines.
Large Second-Order Optical Nonlinearities in Open-Shell Chromophores. Planar Metal Complexes and Organic Radical Ion Aggregates (1996)

Attempts to discover molecular chromophores with large hyperpolarizabilities have largely focused on closed-shell organic species. This contribution explores the use of sum over states (SOS) perturbation theory and the computationally efficient intermediate neglect of differential overlap (INDO) model Hamiltonian, combined with single configuration interaction (SCI) techniques, to calculate frequency-dependent quadratic molecular hyperpolarizabilities of both coordination complexes and organic radical ion chromophore aggregates having open-shell doublet ground state electronic structures. The correct evaluation of the lowest-lying excited states has been tested by comparison with experimental optical spectra. In the cases considered here, the INDO/SCI-SOS method provides both a good description of linear optical transitions and an adequate prediction of second-order nonlinearity. It is seen that the larger second-order nonlinearities of systems having open-shell electronic states, as compared to those having analogous closed-shell structures, are a consequence of accessible lower-lying charge-transfer excited electronic states. The INDO/SCI-SOS model is attractive for designing new, highly efficient open-shell second-order nonlinear optical chromophores.
Simulation de topographies X (méthode de Lang) de domaines ferromagnétiques (Dijkstra–Martius) dans le fer–silicium (1977)

X-ray section topographs of Dijkstra & Martius [Rev. Mod. Phys. (1953), 25, 146–150] magnetic domains in silicon–iron (2.4 wt. % Si) were simulated by means of a Fourier-transform numerical resolution of the Takagi–Taupin equations which describe X-ray propagation in distorted crystals. Two types of incident wave were used: a plane wave limited by a narrow slit at the entrance of the crystal, and a cylindrical wave centred at a distance of 10 to 50 cm from the crystal along the incident-beam direction. The agreement with experiments made by Schlenker & Kléman [J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. (1971), 32 (Suppl.), 256–257] is good in the case of reflexions such as Co Kα11\bar 10 or Mo Kα1 1\bar 10, for which the magnetostrictive distortion field due to the junction of magnetic domains may be neglected, and only the discontinuity of the magnetostrictive distortion across a domain wall is taken into account in the computation. For the reflexion Mo Kα1 2\bar 20 the simulation does not exhibit the experimental contrast observed at the location of the 180° walls. A fair agreement with the experiment is, however, observed regarding the other features of the topograph.
Audio Watermarking using Subband Modulation Spectra (2007)

Subband modulation spectra (SB-MS) have proven to be useful for many applications in audio signal analysis and audio signal processing. This paper presents a novel blind watermarking scheme for embedding and detecting a watermark in the subband modulation spectral domain representation of an audio signal. Some results of audio quality, data rate and robustness are presented. The scheme is shown to be robust to a number of attacks while providing excellent subjective audio quality.
Effects of consistent atrial pacing and atrial rate stabilization - two pacing algorithms to suppress recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in brady-tachy syndrome (2001)

Background and method Recently, various dedicated atrial pacing algorithms have b een proposed to prevent atrial fibrillation (AF). Consistent atrial pacing (CAP; an algorithm for automatic atrial overdrive) and atrial rate stabilization (ARS; an algorithm for preventing the 'short-long' sequences) were tested in 16 patients with brady-tachy syndrome and recurrent paroxysmal AF (3 episodes per month).
Metals, Microbes, and Solar Fuel (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Metals, Marine Microbes, and Climate Biological Inspirations and Inorganic Chemistry Further Reading
Predictors of Nonseroconversion after SARS-CoV-2 Infection (2021)

Not all persons recovering from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection develop SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. We show that nonseroconversion is associated with younger age and higher reverse transcription PCR cycle threshold values and identify SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in the nasopharynx as a major correlate of the systemic antibody response.
Analytical Design of Permanent Magnet Traction Drive Motors (2005)

This paper presents an analytical design of permanent magnet (PM) traction drive motors with emphasis on calculation of the volume and sizes of PM material. A set of formulae are presented to properly size the magnets without the high effort of finite element analysis (FEA). These formulae not only give optimized magnet sizes, but also provide quick solutions for the preliminary designs. The method can be used in the initial design stage to set up the base for FEA and optimization, as well as throughout the entire design and optimization process to verify the PM motor design. Numerical methods and experiments validated the proposed method.
1793-P: C-Peptide Kinetics: The Van Cauter Population Model May Not Be Applicable to Post–Gastric Bypass Adults with Postprandial Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia (2020)

Insulin secretion is key to understand postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PHH), an increasingly recognized and potentially debilitating complication of gastric bypass (GB) surgery. To assess it noninvasively, the Oral C-peptide Minimal Model (OCMM) can be used. This requires to know C-peptide (CP) metabolic clearance rate (MCR) usually fixed to the values predicted by the Van Cauter (VC) population model, but this has never been assessed in PHH individuals. Here, the aim is to fill this gap. Two groups of post-GB adults with PHH underwent either a 75g oral glucose (11F/5M; age=43±8 y; BMI=28.2±7.1kg/m2) or a 60g mixed-meal (9F/3M; age=44±10y; BMI=27.4±3.9kg/m2) tolerance test with sampling for plasma glucose and CP over 3.5 and 3h, respectively. The OCMM was used to describe CP concentration with CP kinetics fixed to VC or estimated based on data (DB). Model performance was assessed by its ability to predict CP data. In both groups, the VC approach underestimated CP-peak and overestimated CP-tail, while the DB one well predicted CP data in all subjects (Figure 1A). As a consequence, MCR resulted significantly higher with DB than VC approach (Figure 1B). The present findings question the validity of the VC population model to predict CP kinetics in PHH patients and call for CP bolus experiments to develop a reliable kinetic model in this population. Disclosure M. Schiavon: None. D. Herzig: None. M. Hepprich: None. M.Y. Donath: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca, Bayer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lilly Diabetes, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk Inc., Roche Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis. C. Stettler: None. L. Bally: None. C. Dalla Man: Research Support; Self; Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH. Funding Italian Ministry of Education (232/2016); Swiss National Science Foundation (PCEGP3_186978); University of Padova
Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia of Infancy. Clinical Score and Comorbidities (2020)

<b>Rationale:</b> Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is an important form of children's interstitial and diffuse lung disease for which the diagnostic strategy has evolved. The prevalence of comorbidities in NEHI that may influence treatment has not been previously assessed.<b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate a previously unpublished NEHI clinical score for assistance in diagnosis of NEHI and to assess comorbidities in NEHI.<b>Methods:</b> We performed a retrospective chart review of 199 deidentified patients with NEHI from 11 centers. Data were collected in a centralized Research Electronic Data Capture registry and we performed descriptive statistics.<b>Results:</b> The majority of patients with NEHI were male (66%). The sensitivity of the NEHI Clinical Score was 87% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-0.91) for all patients from included centers and 93% (95% CI, 0.86-0.97) for those with complete scores (e.g., no missing data). Findings were similar when we limited the population to the 75 patients diagnosed by lung biopsy (87%; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93). Of those patients evaluated for comorbidities, 51% had gastroesophageal reflux, 35% had aspiration or were at risk for aspiration, and 17% had evidence of immune system abnormalities.<b>Conclusions:</b> The NEHI Clinical Score is a sensitive tool for clinically evaluating NEHI; however, its specificity has not yet been addressed. Clinicians should consider evaluating patients with NEHI for comorbidities, including gastroesophageal reflux, aspiration, and immune system abnormalities, because these can contribute to the child's clinical picture and may influence clinical course and treatment.
Comparison of the EuroQol and short form 6D in Singapore multiethnic asian knee osteoarthritis patients scheduled for total knee replacement (2007)

Using different preference-based health-related quality of life instruments may yield different utility scores, which could have a great impact on QALY estimates. This highlights the importance of selecting appropriate instruments for economic evaluation. Additional research is needed to determine which instrument (the EQ-5D or the SF-6D) should be used in OA patients.
Hormones and breast cancer in vitro. (1989)

Breast cancer is characterized by hormonal regulation. The current article reviews the role of estrogen and polypeptide growth factors in control of proliferation and basement membrane invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. The role of antiestrogens to regulate proliferation, invasion, and growth factor secretion is further highlighted. Finally, the use of in vitro cultures of breast cancer cells to model steps in the malignant progression of the disease is emphasized. The availability of hormone dependent and independent breast cancer cell lines should allow screening for better antiestrogens, antimetastatic drugs, and antagonists of local action of growth factors.
Establishment and Characterization of an In Vitro Model of Ovarian Cancer Stem-like Cells with an Enhanced Proliferative Capacity (2015)

The establishment of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) culture systems may be instrumental in devising strategies to fight refractory cancers. Inhibition of the Rho kinase ROCK has been shown to favorably affect CSC spheroid cultures. In this study, we show how ROCK inhibition in human serous ovarian cancer (SOC) cells can help establish a CSC system, which illuminates cancer pathophysiology and its treatment in this setting. In the presence of a ROCK kinase inhibitor, spheroid cultures of SOC cells expressed characteristic CSC markers including ALDH1A1, CD133, and SOX2, along with differentiation and tumorigenic capabilities in mouse xenograft models of human SOC. High expression levels of ALDH, but not CD133, correlated with spheroid formation CSC marker expression and tumor forming capability. In clinical specimens of SOC, high levels of ALDH1A1 correlated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. Pharmacologic or genetic blockade of ALDH blocked cell proliferation and reduced expression of SOX2, the genetic ablation of which abolished spheroid formation, whereas SOX2 overexpression inhibited ALDH1A1 expression and blocked spheroid proliferation. Taken together, our findings illustrated a new method to culture human ovarian CSC, and they defined a reciprocal regulatory relationship between ALDH1A1 and SOX2, which impacts ovarian CSC proliferation and malignant progression.
Multivariate Statistical Inference (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Inferences About a Mean Vector Comparing Mean Vectors from Two Populations Inferences About a Variance–Covariance Matrix How to Check Multivariate Normality
Silicon micromachined wafer-bonded valves (1993)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1993.
Design of Multiband Antenna Systems for Wireless Devices Using Antenna Boosters [Application Notes] (2019)

Antennas play a significant role in the current everythingconnected era. From smartphones, to smart meters, to Internet of Things (IoT) devices, every wireless device needs at least one antenna to transmit and receive information. In response, the wireless industry is moving fast to launch new devices into this growing market. This is pushing RF/microwave and wireless engineers to design RF chains in a smart way using off-the-shelf components, such as filters, amplifiers, diplexers, and front-end modules. At the end of this RF chain, an antenna is needed to efficiently transmit/receive electromagnetic waves. Accordingly, an off-the-shelf antenna component would be an attractive option for simplifying the entire design processâ not only the antenna-design phase but also the device-manufacturing process, reducing costs and creating compatibility with pick-and-place machines for mass production.
Biomechanical Effects of a Unilateral Approach to Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression (2014)

Minimally invasive (MI) lumbar decompression became a common approach to treat lumbar stenosis. This approach may potentially mitigate postoperative increases in segmental motion. The goal of this study was to evaluate modifications to segmental motion in the lumbar spine following a MI unilateral approach as compared to traditional facet-sparing and non-facet sparing decompressions. Six human lumbar cadaveric specimens were used. Each specimen was tested in flexion-extension 0 N and 400 N of follower preload), axial rotation, and lateral bending. Each testing condition was evaluated following three separate interventions at L4-L5: 1) Minimally invasive decompression, 2) Facet-sparing, bilateral decompression, and 3) Bilateral decompression with a wide facetectomy. Range of motion following each testing condition was compared to intact specimens. Both MI and traditional decompression procedures create significant increases in ROM in all modes of loading. However, when compared to the MI approach, traditional decompression produces significantly larger increase in ROM in flexion-extension (p<0.005) and axial rotation (p<0.05). It additionally creates increased ROM with lateral bending on the approach side (p<0.05). Lateral bending on the non-approach side is not significantly changed. Lastly, wide medial facet removal (40% to 50%) causes significant hypermobility, especially in axial rotation. While both MI and traditional lumbar decompressions may increase post-operative ROM in all conditions, a MI approach causes significantly smaller increase in ROM. With an MI approach, increased movement with lateral bending is only toward the approach side. Further, non-facet sparing decompression is further destabilizing in all loading modes.
Implant functionalization with mesoporous silica: A promising antibacterial strategy, but does such an implant osseointegrate? (2020)

Next-generation implants made of macroporous Ti infiltrated with mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub> do not seem to compromise the osseointegration process. Such implant functionalization may be promising for the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis given the evidenced potential of mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub> for controlled drug release.
An Investigation of Scanning Capacitance Microscopy on Iron-Contaminated p-Type Silicon (2001)

Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) is employed to examine iron-contaminated p-type Si samples. For slightly contaminated samples, a dc voltage of −0.8 V, applied between the sample and the conductive tip, induces positive trapped charges. Owing to the existence of these charges, the region containing trapped charges exhibits an obviously low dC/dV signal. According to contact-mode atomic force microscopy results, the surface morphology has little effect on the SCM signal. The experimental results indicate that SCM is capable of detecting the distribution of oxidation-related defects which cannot otherwise be easily observed by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
An ion mobility-mass spectrometry study of copper-metallothionein-2A: binding sites and stabilities of Cu-MT and mixed metal Cu–Ag and Cu–Cd complexes (2022)

The presence of Cu, a highly redox active metal, is known to damage DNA as well as other cellular components, but the adverse effects of cellular Cu can be mitigated by metallothioneins (MT), small cysteine rich proteins that are known to bind to a broad range of metal ions. While metal ion binding has been shown to involve the cysteine thiol groups, the specific ion binding sites are controversial as are the overall structure and stability of the Cu-MT complexes. Here, we report results obtained using nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry for several Cu-MT complexes and compare our results with those previously reported for Ag-MT complexes. The data include determination of the stoichiometries of the complex (Cu<sub><i>i</i></sub>-MT, <i>i</i> = 1-19), and Cu<sup>+</sup> ion binding sites for complexes where <i>i</i> = 4, 6, and 10 using bottom-up and top-down proteomics. The results show that Cu<sup>+</sup> ions first bind to the β-domain to form Cu<sub>4</sub>MT then Cu<sub>6</sub>MT, followed by addition of four Cu<sup>+</sup> ions to the α-domain to form a Cu<sub>10</sub>-MT complex. Stabilities of the Cu<sub><i>i</i></sub>-MT (<i>i</i> = 4, 6 and 10) obtained using collision-induced unfolding (CIU) are reported and compared with previously reported CIU data for Ag-MT complexes. We also compare CIU data for mixed metal complexes (Cu<sub><i>i</i></sub>Ag<sub><i>j</i></sub>-MT, where <i>i</i> + <i>j</i> = 4 and 6 and Cu<sub><i>i</i></sub>Cd<sub><i>j</i></sub>, where <i>i</i> + <i>j</i> = 4 and 7). Lastly, higher order Cu<sub><i>i</i></sub>-MT complexes, where <i>i</i> = 11-19, were also detected at higher concentrations of Cu<sup>+</sup> ions, and the metalated product distributions observed are compared to previously reported results for Cu-MT-1A (Scheller <i>et al.</i>, <i>Metallomics</i>, 2017, <b>9</b>, 447-462).
Metabolic pre‐conditioning of cultured cells in physiological levels of insulin: Generating resistance to the lipid‐accumulating effects of plasma in hepatocytes (2002)

Understanding the regulation of hepatocyte lipid metabolism is important for several biotechnological applications involving liver cells. During exposure of hepatocytes to plasma, as is the case in extracorporeal bioartificial liver assist devices, it has been reported that hepatic-specific functions, e.g., albumin and urea synthesis and diazepam removal, are dramatically compromised and hepatocytes progressively accumulate cytoplasmic lipid droplets. We hypothesized that the composition of hepatocyte culture medium significantly affects lipid metabolism during subsequent plasma exposure. Rat hepatocytes were cultured in medium containing either physiological (50 microU/mL) or supra-physiological (500 mU/mL) insulin levels for 1 week and then exposed to human plasma supplemented with or without amino acids. We found that insulin's anabolic effects, such as stimulation of triglyceride storage, were carried over from the pre-conditioning to the plasma exposure period. While hepatocytes cultured in high insulin medium accumulated large quantities of triglycerides during subsequent plasma exposure, culture in low insulin medium largely prevented lipid accumulation. Urea and albumin secretion, as well as the ammonia removal rate, were largely unaffected by insulin but increased with amino acid supplementation. Thus, hepatocyte metabolism during plasma exposure can be modulated by medium pre-conditioning and supplements added to plasma.
A Convenient, High Yielding Cleavage of the Thiocarbonyl Group in Xanthates (2010)

International audience
Corrections to "A minimum parameter adaptive approach for rejecting multiple narrow-band disturbances with application to hard disk drives" [Mar 12 408-415] (2013)

In the above-named article [ibid., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 408-415, Mar. 2012], the numerator of (29) contained errors. The corrected equation is provided.