gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cachexia: clinical features when inflammation drives malnutrition (2015)

Cachexia is a clinically relevant syndrome which impacts on quality of life, morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from acute and chronic diseases. The hallmark of cachexia is muscle loss, which is triggered by disease-associated inflammatory response. Cachexia is a continuum and therefore a staging system is needed. Initially, a three-stage system (i.e. pre-cachexia, cachexia and refractory cachexia) was proposed. More recent evidence supports the use of a five-stage classification system, based on patient's BMI and severity of weight loss, to better predict clinical outcome. Also, large clinical trials in cancer patients demonstrated that cachexia emerging during chemotherapy has greater influence on survival than weight loss at baseline. Therefore, becoming widely accepted is the importance of routinely monitoring patients' nutritional status to detect early changes and diagnose cachexia in its early phases. Although cachexia is associated with the presence of anabolic resistance, it has been shown that sustained yet physiological hyperaminoacidaemia, as well as the use of specific nutrients, is able to overcome impaired protein synthesis and revert catabolism. More importantly, clinical evidence demonstrates that preservation of nutritional status during chemotherapy or improvement of body weight after weight loss is associated with longer survival in cancer patients.
A Revisitation of Distractive-Extension Injuries of the Subaxial Cervical Spine (2010)

Sequentially greater angulation and posterior translation was seen after serial sectioning of the anterior facet capsule and to a lesser degree the PLL. This suggests that there are in fact 2 main "tethers" to angulation and posterior translation in the DE injury model, with the anterior facet capsule being the major stabilizer and to a lesser degree the PLL. Thus, based on our findings, it would appear that an expansion of the DE injury classification may be warranted, based on angulation and posterior translation, and regarded as DES-1, DES-2A, DES-2B, and DES-3. Such categorization based on the degree of angulation and posterior translation may prove advantageous in designing appropriate treatment strategies to address DE injuries of the lower cervical spine; however, further studies are needed to validate the clinical applications of such categorization.
Socio-economic status and health needs of veterans and disabled veterans (2012)

Most veterans and disabled veterans are older than 80 years (83.6%), and 58.8% of veterans and disabled veterans are older than 85 years. Men make up 69.5% of respondents. A household living alone 26.7% of veterans and war invalids. However, housing is the issue of 3.5% of veterans and disabled veterans, and their financial situation as bad in person was rated 9.9% of veterans and disabled veterans. Full ability to move freely within the home has 57,5,7% veterans and disabled veterans, and 53.1% soldiers and war veterans has the full capability of independent movement outside the home. At the same time, 66.2% of veterans and disabled veterans to fully self-managed personal hygiene. The need for home care services is most pronounced among those veterans and invalids who rated their health as poor and very poor and who are partially moving, and in doing that in most cases live alone. The need for housing for the elderly at home is most pronounced among those veterans and invalids who rated their health, too, as bad and very bad and that the moving part, and in doing that in most cases live alone. His health was assessed as satisfactory 42.1% of the total number of respondents. In patients with soldiers and war veterans, on the other hand, the most common are diseases of bones, joints and spine and heart and blood vessels. Most of the ill veterans and disabled veterans had difficulty in purchasing drugs when they used health services.
Stone consolidation: a critical discussion of theoretical insights and field practice (2020)

Stone consolidants have been extensively used for the preservation of historical structures since the 19th century. However, their true effectiveness in practice is often a source of debate, largely because of known cases where badly chosen treatments were unsuccessful, or even caused an accelerated degradation of the substrate. Researchers have therefore strived to better understand, and possibly predict, the behavior of consolidants on-site, in order to assist practitioners in their decision making. Despite the large number of publications available on the subject, however, the contribution of scientific research for practical applications remains scarce. Reasons for this include the limited accessibility of scientific publications and the lack of documentation or preparatory studies from the field. This unfortunately compromises the knowledge exchange between researchers and practitioners, which we consider to be a main challenge that this field must overcome. The target of this letter is to reconnect the critical problems identified on-site through practical experience with the conceptual research outcomes that could help solve them. For this, we present an informed evaluation of the most needed research, along with a synthetic overview of the insights that scientific research can offer in terms of consolidant selection, application and monitoring.
Severe cytomegalovirus ureteritis in a renal allograft recipient with negative CMV monitoring (2005)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a signiﬁcant opportunisticpathogen in immunocompromised patients. Virus cir-culating in the donors or the recipients of solid organtransplants places the latter group at risk of developingCMV disease. The prevention of serious complicationsin them relies on deﬁning potential risk factors andon the early detection of the presence and replicationof CMV.We report a case of isolated CMV ureteritis,which developed into ureteric necrosis despite meticu-lous polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based CMVmonitoring.
Supplemental Video M1 from A Systematic Comparison of <sup>18</sup>F-C-SNAT to Established Radiotracer Imaging Agents for the Detection of Tumor Response to Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Video M1. 18FFDG uptake in naive tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of Immunoreactive Regions of Homology between Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and α5-Integrin (2011)

Proteins encoded by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER1/ERBB1) gene are being studied as diagnostic, prognostic, and theragnostic biomarkers for numerous human cancers. The clinical application of these tissue/tumor biomarkers has been limited, in part, by discordant results observed for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression using different immunological reagents. Previous studies have used EGFR-directed antibodies that cannot distinguish between full-length and soluble EGFR (sEGFR) expression. We have generated and characterized an anti-sEGFR polyclonal antiserum directed against a 31-mer peptide (residues 604-634) located within the unique 78-amino acid carboxy-terminal sequence of sEGFR. Here, we use this antibody to demonstrate that sEGFR is coexpressed with EGFR in a number of carcinoma-derived cell lines. In addition, we show that a second protein of ~140 kDa (p140) also is detected by this antibody. Rigorous biochemical characterization identifies this second protein to be α5-integrin. We show that a 26-amino acid peptide in the calf domain of α5-integrin (residues 710-735) is 35% identical in sequence with a 31-mer carboxy-terminal sEGFR peptide and exhibits an approximately 5-fold lower affinity for anti-sEGFR than the homologous 31-mer sEGFR peptide does. We conclude that the carboxy terminus of sEGFR and the calf-1 domain of α5-integrin share a region of sequence identity, which results in their mutual immunological reactivity with anti-sEGFR. We also demonstrate that anti-sEGFR promotes three-dimensional tissue cohesion and compaction in vitro, further suggesting a functional link between sEGFR and α5-integrin and a role of the calf-1 domain in cell adhesion. These results have implications for the study of both EGFR and sEGFR as cancer biomarkers and also provide new insight into the mechanisms of interaction between cell surface EGFR isoforms and integrins in complex processes such as cell adhesion and survival signaling.
Visualization of Imbalances in Sulfur Assimilation and Synthesis of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids at the Single-Cell Level (2013)

We describe genetically encoded sensors which transmit elevated cytosolic concentrations of O-acetyl serine (OAS) and O-acetyl homoserine (OAH)-intermediates of l-cysteine and l-methionine synthesis-into an optical output. The sensor pSenOAS3 elicits 7.5-fold-increased fluorescence in cultures of a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain that excrete l-cysteine. Determination of the cytosolic OAS concentration revealed an increase to 0.13 mM, whereas the concentration in the reference strain was below the detection limit, indicating that incorporation of assimilatory sulfur is limited in the strain studied. In another strain, overexpression of metX encoding homoserine acetyltransferase resulted in an 8-fold increase in culture fluorescence at a cytosolic OAH concentration of 0.76 mM. We also assayed for consequences of extracellular sulfur supply and observed a graded fluorescence increase at decreasing sulfur concentrations below 400 μM. Overall, this demonstrates the usefulness of the sensors for monitoring intracellular sulfur availability. The sensors also enable monitoring at the single-cell level, and since related and close homologs of the transcription factor used in the constructed sensors are widespread among bacteria, this technology offers a new possibility of assaying in vivo for sulfur limitation and of doing this at the single-cell level.
Strain-Induced Segregation in Bimetallic Multiply Twinned Particles (2015)

We analyze the possibility of strain-induced segregation in bimetallic multiply twinned particles by an analytic first-order expansion within a continuum model. The results indicate that while the change in free energy may be small, there will be a noticeable segregation of larger atoms to the external surface and smaller ones to the core, which could have interesting effects when such nanoparticles are used as heterogeneous catalysts.
Continuous cardiac output monitoring in humans by non-invasive arterial blood pressure waveform analysis (2005)

We have recently introduced a novel technique for continuously monitoring changes in cardiac output (CO) by long time interval analysis of a peripheral arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform. We have tested the technique with respect to invasive peripheral ABP waveforms obtained from animals and critically ill patients, and our CO estimates showed strong agreement with highly invasive CO measurements. Here, we present a comparison of the application of the technique to non-invasive finger ABP waveforms with reference Doppler ultrasound CO measurements in ten healthy humans during pharmacological and postural interventions. We report an overall CO error of 15.1%
187 OVARIAN CYCLE LIPID DYNAMICS REVEALED BY DESI-MS IMAGING AND MORPHOLOGICALLY-DRIVEN MULTIVARIATE STATISTICS (2014)

Understanding the role of lipid metabolism in ovarian physiology is crucial for the progression of reproductive biotechnology. The aim in this work was to explore the lipid composition and dynamics of ovarian tissue, specifically the stroma, follicles, and corpora lutea. Desorption electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (DESI-MS), an ambient ionization technique, was applied in this investigation, acquiring chemical and spatial information simultaneously. A morphologically-friendly solvent, dimethylformamide-acetonitrile (1 : 1), was used for DESI-MS imaging which allowed for ovarian lipid characterisation and subsequent staining (hematoxylin and eosin) providing morphological information. By this approach, regions-of-interest (ROI) were selected from bovine (n = 8), swine (n = 3), and mice (n = 5) ovaries (including pre-pubescent and cycling adults) based on the stained morphological structures. ROI for stroma (n = 54), follicles (n = 89), and corpora lutea (n = 61) were selected and chemically profiled. Tissue sections (20 µm) were thaw mounted onto glass microscope slides and stored at –80°C until analysis. A linear ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with a custom DESI-MS imaging stage was operated in the negative ion mode (m/z 200 to 1000). A 300 × 300 µm pixel size was used in DESI-MS imaging of ovarian tissue. Hyperspectral DESI images were reconstructed and processed by principal component analysis (PCA) that allowed visualisation of relationships among spatial (i.e. morphology) and chemical features. Ions indicated by PCA were analysed using univariate analysis (ANOVA), supporting the significance of particular lipids between morphological structures, e.g. adrenic acid (P = 1.7 × 10–8) and m/z 836 (P = 8.9 × 10–9) between corpora lutea and follicles. All morphological structures could be differentiated by multivariate statistics (&amp;gt;90% prediction rate) independent of the species, indicating conserved lipid constitution. Smaller differences in the lipid profiles were noted between species, poly-ovulatory and mono-ovulatory species, and reproductive maturation. A large variety and abundance of lipids was observed in corpora lutea and follicles, where steroidogenesis is a prominent physiological activity. Additional insight into ovarian physiology was gained with the detection of arachidonic and adrenic acid. The spatial relationship of arachidonic and adrenic acid with the corpora lutea – the former is a known prostaglandin precursor and key signalling molecule in steroidogenesis regulation and the latter is metabolized in the prostaglandin pathway by the same enzymes – suggests the latter may also have a role in steroidogenesis regulation, previously unseen in ovarian physiology. DESI-MS imaging with morphologically-driven statistical analysis proved efficient in relating and interpreting the chemical and morphological features. This methodology can by further applied to unravel complex ovarian-related physiological mechanisms and to other physiological and physiopathological models.
Optical tissue clearing enables rapid, precise and comprehensive assessment of three-dimensional morphology in experimental nerve regeneration research (2021)

Morphological analyses are key outcome assessments for nerve regeneration studies but are historically limited to tissue sections. Novel optical tissue clearing techniques enabling three-dimensional imaging of entire organs at a subcellular resolution have revolutionized morphological studies of the brain. To extend their applicability to experimental nerve repair studies we adapted these techniques to nerves and their motor and sensory targets in rats. The solvent-based protocols rendered harvested peripheral nerves and their target organs transparent within 24 hours while preserving tissue architecture and fluorescence. The optical clearing was compatible with conventional laboratory techniques, including retrograde labeling studies, and computational image segmentation, providing fast and precise cell quantitation. Further, optically cleared organs enabled three-dimensional morphometry at an unprecedented scale including dermatome-wide innervation studies, tracing of intramuscular nerve branches or mapping of neurovascular networks. Given their wide-ranging applicability, rapid processing times, and low costs, tissue clearing techniques are likely to be a key technology for next-generation nerve repair studies. All procedures were approved by the Hospital for Sick Children's Laboratory Animal Services Committee (49871/9) on November 9, 2019.
RainMan: a workflow system for the internet (1997)

As individuals and enterprises get interconnected via global networks, workflows that scale beyond traditional organizational boundaries and execute seamlessly across these networks will become relevant. We address the problem of designing a scalable workflow infrastructure for the Internet that supports both flexibility in workflow participation and interoperability between heterogeneous workflow system components.

RainMan is a distributed workflow system developed in Java that lives naturally on the Internet. RainMan is a loosely-coupled collection of independent services that cooperate with each other rather than a monolithic system. Some of the useful features of RainMan are browser-based workflow specification, participation, and management, and dynamic workflow modification. The RainMan system is based on RainMaker, our generic workflow framework that defines a core set of well-defined interfaces for workflow components.
O2‐09‐04: HARMONIZATION OF IMMUNOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF α‐SYNUCLEIN IN HUMAN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID: A ROUND ROBIN STUDY APPROACH (2018)

Lowering of the concentration of α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been proposed as an indicator of on-going synucleopathy (= presence of Lewy bodies in brains of affected subjects)1. Standard operating procedures for collection and storage of CSF for its analysis was recently published2. However, integration of α-synuclein into clinical routine practice is hampered by inconsistent clinical data, imprecision, lot-to-lot variability, and absence of harmonization between assay formats. In addition, no certified reference material is currently available. In order to speed-up its integration into Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnostics or clinical trials, the Michael J Fox foundation has funded a round robin evaluation of analytical performances of some available immunoassays. Results were compared with an immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry method (IP-MS) (to be considered as a candidate reference method). 50 unique CSF samples, covering the clinically relevant concentration range and qualified by hemoglobin analysis, were tested for α-synuclein in different laboratories using four different immunoassay formats, all based on monoclonal antibodies (Lot numbers, number of participants) [ADx NeuroSciences (2, 5), BioLegend (3, 4), MesoScale Discovery (3, 4), Roche Diagnostics (1, 4)]. All assays were done manually. Results were compared with the IP-MS method developed by the Lashuel group and the proteomic core facility at the EFPL. Performances were evaluated with respect to repeatability, inter-site comparison, and correlation with the IP-MS. Pairwise comparisons between assays was done by Passing Bablok regression analysis. Each immunoassay method showed high analytical precision, excellent correlation between laboratories (R2 0.83-0.99), and good correlation with each other (R2 0.64-0.93). The slopes of regression lines were different. The total variability (Median % CV) ranged between 10.7-15.4 %. The use of a common reference CSF sample or CSF-based calibrator series, allowed harmonization of concentrations between technologies. Correlation data with IP-MS method (using peptides linked to the amino- or carboy-terminus) will be presented. The four immunochemical methods and the IP-MS method measure similar forms of α-synuclein. A common reference material will allow harmonization of results between immunoassays. References: 1 Mollenhauer et al. Biomark Med 2010; 4:683-699. 2 Mollenhauer et al. Mov Disord 2017; 32:1117-1130.
CALM: Contrastive Aligned Audio-Language Multirate and Multimodal Representations (2022)

Deriving multimodal representations of audio and lexical inputs is a central problem in Natural Language Understanding (NLU). In this paper, we present Contrastive Aligned Audio-Language Multirate and Multimodal Representations (CALM), an approach for learning multimodal representations using contrastive and multirate information inherent in audio and lexical inputs. The proposed model aligns acoustic and lexical information in the input embedding space of a pretrained language-only contextual embedding model. By aligning audio representations to pretrained language representations and utilizing contrastive information between acoustic inputs, CALM is able to bootstrap audio embedding competitive with existing audio representation models in only a few hours of training time. Operationally, audio spectrograms are processed using linearized patches through a Spectral Transformer (SpecTran) which is trained using a Contrastive Audio-Language Pretraining objective to align audio and language from similar queries. Subsequently, the derived acoustic and lexical tokens representations are input into a multimodal transformer to incorporate utterance level context and derive the proposed CALM representations. We show that these pretrained embeddings can subsequently be used in multimodal supervised tasks and demonstrate the benefits of the proposed pretraining steps in terms of the alignment of the two embedding spaces and the multirate nature of the pretraining. Our system shows 10-25\% improvement over existing emotion recognition systems including state-of-the-art three-modality systems under various evaluation objectives.
A 400 Gb/s WDM Receiver Using a Low Loss Silicon Nitride AWG Integrated with Hybrid Silicon Photodetectors (2013)

A heterogeneously integrated WDM receiver based on an AWG demultiplexer and hybrid silicon/InGaAs detectors is presented in a novel platform that combines hybrid silicon components with ultra-low loss silicon nitride waveguides.
Zwitterion π–conjugated network polymer based on guanidinium and β-ketoenol as a heterogeneous organo-catalyst for chemical fixation of CO2 into cyclic carbonates (2019)

The chemical fixation of CO2 with epoxides to cyclic carbonate is an attractive 100% atom economic reaction. It is a safe and green alternative to the route from diols and toxic phosgene. In this manuscript, we present a new zwitterionic π–conjugated catalyst (Covalent Organic Polymer, COP-213) based on guanidinium and β-ketoenol functionality, which is synthesized from triaminoguanidinium halide and β-ketoenols via the ampoule method at 120 °C. The catalyst is characterized by FTIR-attenuated total reflection (ATR), Powder X-Ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, XPS, and for surface area Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and CO2 uptake. It shows quantitative conversion and selectivity in chemical fixation of CO2 to epoxides under ambient conditions and without the need for cocatalysts, metals, solvent, or pressure. The catalyst can be recycled at least three times without the loss of reactivity.
Annexin‐I as a potential target for green tea extract induced actin remodeling (2006)

Using a multistep human urothelial model, we previously showed that green tea extract (GTE) selectively modulates actin remodeling in transformed cells (MC-T11), which resulted in increased cell adhesion and reduced cell motility (Lu et al., Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:1675-83). This study further analyzed which actin binding proteins (ABPs) might be involved in this process. Proteomic profiles of GTE treated and untreated MC-T11 cells using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) identified 20 GTE-induced proteins. Among them, 3 were ABPs (tropomodulin, cofilin and annexin-I), and only annexin-I showed a dose- and time-dependent expression. The increased annexin-I correlated with actin remodeling, and was the result of transcription level up-regulation, as determined by RT-PCR, pull-down immunoblot and siRNA analyses. 5-Azacytidine, a DNA methylation inhibitor, exhibited no effect on annexin-I expression when used alone, but had an additive effect for GTE-induced annexin-I expression. Immunohistochemistry of bladder cancer tissue array showed a decrease of annexin-I expression in carcinoma in situ and low grade papillary carcinoma (n = 32, 0% positive) compared to nontumor urothelium (n = 18, 89% positive) (p < 0.001 by Fisher exact test), but increased in some (6 of 15, 40%) high-grade tumors. Together, GTE induced annexin-I expression plays a role in regulating actin remodeling and decreased annexin-I expression is a common event in early stage of bladder cancer development.