gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Particle Size of Iron Ore on the Pyrolysis Kinetic Behaviour of Coal-Iron Ore Briquettes (2018)

High reactivity coke is beneficial for achieving low carbon emission blast furnace ironmaking. Therefore, the preparation of highly reactive ferro-coke has aroused widespread attention. However, the effects of the particle size of iron ore on the pyrolysis behaviour of a coal-iron ore briquette are still unclear. In this study, the effect of three particle sizes (0.50–1.00 mm, 0.25–0.50 mm and &lt;0.74 mm) of iron ore on the thermal and kinetic behaviours of coal-iron ore briquettes were investigated by non-isothermal kinetic analysis. The results showed that the synergistic effect of iron ore and coal during coking mainly occurred during the later reaction stage (850–1100 °C) and smaller particle sizes of iron ore have a stronger synergistic effect. The addition of iron ore had little effect on T0 (the initial temperature) and Tp (the temperature at the maximum conversion rate) of briquette pyrolysis, however itgreatly affected the conversion rate and Tf (the final temperature) of the briquettes. T0 decreased with the decrease of iron ore particle sizes, while Tp and Tf showed opposite trends. After adding iron ore into the coal briquette, the reaction kinetics at all stages of the coal-iron ore briquettes changed. The weighted apparent activation energy of the caking coal (JM) briquette was 35.532 kJ/mol, which is lower than that of the coal-iron ore briquettes (38.703–55.627 kJ/mol). In addition, the weighted apparent activation energy gradually increased with decreasing iron ore particle sizes.
Design of a THz optics for a 128 channel THz imaging system (2009)

The optical design for a 128 channel ultrashort THz pulse imaging system is presented. For the THz optics biconic and aspherical surfaces are used for diffraction limited imaging a 64 mm-field.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Amines to Carbamoyl Chlorides Using Carbon Dioxide as a Phosgene Replacement. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Utilising nanoparticles to enhance the vaccine induced T cell immune response (2020)

Abstract Vaccines are a powerful and cost-effective tool to limit the spread of disease, however, there are still some complex diseases for which we don’t yet have a successful and long-lasting vaccine, for example malaria and cancers. One reason for this is the difficult choice of target antigen, though there is also a need for potent adjuvants/delivery systems capable of inducing both antibody and T cell responses. Current licensed adjuvants, for example Alum, mainly elicit strong antibody responses, therefore, novel vaccine delivery systems need to be developed. One such system is by utilising nanoparticles to increase the vaccine induced immune response. Inorganic carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles in the viral size range (40–50nm) are non-inflammatory, stable in solution, and target dendritic cells. Importantly, these nanoparticles elicit potent antibody, CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell responses to a range of antigens in murine studies, including to malaria and cancer peptides. Using fluorescent nanoparticles allows us to assess the interaction of these nanoparticles with specific cell subsets, such as antigen presenting cells, by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we can analyse the biodistribution of the nanoparticles using small animal imaging via the IVIS. Ideally, for maximum translation capacity into human vaccines these nanoformulations would be biodegradable. In addition to our model polystyrene nanovaccines we have been investigating biodegradable nanoparticles made from other materials, i.e. iron oxide. Comparable to polystyrene nanoparticles, biodegradable nanovaccines are also endocytosed by dendritic cells and are capable of inducing antibodies and cytokine secretion from both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells.
Characterization of the Charge-Trap Dynamics in Organic Thin-Film Transistors (2019)

Step and pulse response transient measurements are performed in organic TFTs to study the charge trapping, detrapping dynamics and DC gate/drain bias stress effects on device characteristics. A strong correlation has been demonstrated between the device performance and bias stress effect. The measurement procedure must be carefully set up to analyze the dynamic channel response and the consistent/actual extraction of the device figures of merit (threshold voltage, on/off current ratio, contact resistance, transit frequency, etc). Device operation and bias conditions, historical stress (prefilled traps) and the impact of charge traps can have a strong influence on the device characteristics and their applications due to the affected device DC/AC parameters. The decrease/increase of the drain current when the biases are applied is associated to the effect of charge trapping/detrapping.
Validation of Utstein-Based score to predict Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (UB-ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (2023)

ABSTRACT Background Prediction of probability of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the biggest challenge in resuscitation science. The Utstein Based-ROSC (UB-ROSC) score has been developed to predict ROSC in OHCA’s victims. Aim of the study was to validate UB-ROSC score using two large Utstein-based OHCA registries: the SWiss REgistry of Cardiac Arrest (SWISSRECA) and the Lombardia Cardiac Arrest Registry (Lombardia CARe), northern Italy. Methods Consecutive OHCA of any etiology occurring between January 1 st , 2019 and December 31 st and registered in 2 large national registries were included in a prospectively designed validation study. For model validation, a model area under the ROC curve (AUC ROC) for discrimination, using 10-fold cross-validation was computed. The score was plotted against the survival to hospital admission. Results 14,715 patients were included in the study. A sustained ROSC was obtained in 3,151 patients (21%). Overall, UB-ROSC model showed a good discrimination (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.71-0.73). Shape of risk predicted by the model was almost linear and the model resulted well calibrated. In the low likelihood subgroup of UB-ROSC, only 9% of patients achieved a ROSC. This proportion raised to 35% for UB-ROSC score between −18 and 12 (OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.9-9.4, P&lt;0.001). Finally, in 85% of patients with UB-ROSC values of more than or equal to 13 a ROSC was obtained (OR 52.1, 95%CI 15.6-173.0, P &lt;0.001). Conclusions UB-ROSC score may represent a reliable tool to predict ROSC probability. Its application may help the decision-making process providing a realistic stratification of probability of ROSC achievement. Clinical perspectives What is new? - UB-ROSC is the unique Utstein-based score designed to help EMS staff to stratify patient’s probability of ROSC before treating the patient. - In this validation study, UB-ROSC score was verified in a cohort of more than 14,000 OHCA and confirmed a very high power in discrimination of ROSC probability - The score is very user-friendly and may be considered a helpful tool for EMS in the decision-making process when approaching OHCA victims. What are the clinical implications? - Sudden cardiac death is the leading causes of death worldwide and substantially contribute to loss of health and excess health system costs. - Development and validation of models to stratify probability of survival are increasingly necessary in the decision-making process, particularly in a pre-hospital setting, to offer a realistic expectation of survival and eventually to terminate resuscitation attempts.
International Expansion of Japanese Non-Life Insurers (2012)

損害保険会社の海外進出の目的は，1980年代頃迄は，海外進出した日系企業の現地でのリスクを引受けることであった。その後アジア等新興国の経済成長に伴って，ローカル市場も魅力的になってきたことから，1990年代頃から損保各社は，現地企業及び個人のリスク引受も行うようになってきた。更に2000年代以降は，M&Aも活用してより本格的にローカル市場に参入するようになってきている。こうした海外事業展開は，成長市場への布石，収入保険料及び利益への寄与，収益性の向上等を目指したものであり，ポートフォリオ分散による安定化といった効果も現れてきている。一方，現地の規制・文化に合わせた商品開発やマーケティング，リスク管理・ガバナンス態勢の強化，国内外の人材の有効活用といった課題も生じてきている。日本の損保市場拡大が見込みにくい一方，新興国等では市場拡大及び収益性が見込めることから，損保会社は様々な課題に取り組みながら，今後益々活発に海外展開を進めていくのではないかと考えられる。
Performance and Capacity of HSUPA in Lab Environment (2008)

This paper analyzes the performance of HSUPA based on test results from a UMTS lab trial network. Different aspects from the technology have been studied in a controlled lab environment, including latency reduction by HSUPA, power control efficiency and capacity. HSUPA (high speed uplink packet access) is the next logical step following the deployment of HSDPA to offer a truly 3G high speed data service with higher throughputs and reduced latency. Despite the similarities with HSDPA (such as HARQ, short TTI, NodeB scheduling), HSUPA is fundamentally different because of the use of a dedicated channel per user, called E-DCH. This results in a very different treatment of radio resources management scheme, with UL power control instead of link adaptation, or a more challenging scheduling system. The traffic scheduling is rather random in HSUPA since all data users are not synchronized with each other, and therefore a common pipe cannot be established by the network for all users as it does for the downlink. The only common resource the system can control is the uplink noise rise. In a typical UMTS network, under interference limited condition, downlink is the bottleneck. However, with the introduction of E-DCH, it is important to understand its impact to the uplink performance and capacity, especially under conditions with mixed voice and data services on one carrier. The results from our study shows a good data performance of HSUPA in data only scenarios, however there is a significant degradation on the voice service when they share the same carrier.
Ellipsometric Study of Free-Standing Films of a Liquid Crystal Possessing Ferroelectric, Ferrielectric, and Antiferroelectric Phases (1994)

We present an ellipsometric study of free-standing films of a chiral smectic liquid crystal possessing the phase sequence smectic-A-smectic-Cα-smectic-C-smectic-Cγ-smectic-CA. The various subphases of the conventional smectic-C phase, which are assumed to have different structures concerning the direction of the molecular tilt in the neighbouring smectic layers, still exist in thin films consisting of only five molecular layers. In the smectic-Cα phase, in thick films structural changes occur which are not present in films thinner than ≈ 15 layers. With the exception of the smectic-Cγ-smectic-CA transition, all transition temperatures increase with decreasing film thickness.
Pulsed magnetization transfer imaging with body coil transmission at 3 Tesla: Feasibility and application (2006)

Pulsed magnetization transfer (MT) imaging has been applied to quantitatively assess brain pathology in several diseases, especially multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, however, because of the high power deposition associated with the use of short, rapidly repeating MT prepulses, clinical application has been limited to lower field strengths. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of MT is limited, and this method would greatly benefit from the use of higher magnetic fields and phased-array coil reception. However, power deposition is proportional to the square of the magnetic field and scales with coil size, and MT experiments are already close to the SAR limit at 1.5T even when smaller transmit coils are used instead of the body coil. Here we show that these seemingly great obstacles can be ameliorated by the increased T(1) of tissue water at higher field, which allows for longer maintenance of sufficiently high saturation levels while using a reduced duty cycle. This enables a fast (5-6 min) high-resolution (1.5 mm isotropic) whole-brain MT acquisition with excellent anatomical visualization of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structures, and even substructures. The method is demonstrated in nine normal volunteers and five patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), and the results show a clear delineation of heterogeneous lesions.
Size and Shape of (11351) Leucus from Five Occultations (2021)

Abstract We present observations of five stellar occultations for (11351) Leucus and reports from two efforts on (21900) Orus. Both objects are prime mission candidate targets for the Lucy Discovery mission. Combined results for Leucus indicate a very dark surface with p V = 0.037 ± 0.001, which is derived from the average of the multichord occultations. Our estimate of the triaxial ellipsoidal shape is for axial diameters of 63.8 × 36.6 × 29.6 km assuming that the spin pole is normal to the line of sight. The actual shape of the object is only roughly elliptical in profile at each epoch. Significant topography is seen with horizontal scales up to 30 km and vertical scales up to 5 km. The most significant feature is a large depression on the southern end of the object as seen from a terrestrial viewpoint. For this work we developed a method to correct for differential refraction, accounting for the difference in color between the target object and the reference stars for astrometry derived from ground-based images.
Polymer effect in the chelate formation of macromolecules (1985)

Polymer chelates are complexes composed of a polymer ligand and a transition metal ion and have chelating structures in their polymer ligands. They often show a specific type of the chelate formation reaction, reflecting the properties of the polymer chains. Polymer effects in the polymer chelate formation were described by using simple polymers such as poly(vinylpyridine) and poly(acrylic acid); chelate effect and template reaction in the polymer chelate formation, the polymer chelate situated in micro-heterogeneous systems, and electrochemical monitoring on the polymer chelate formation.
The Bone-Implant Interface of Femoral Stems with Non-Circumferential Porous Coating. A Study of Specimens Retrieved at Autopsy* (1996)

The findings in this study are relevant to the utilization and mechanisms of failure of femoral stems inserted without cement. Bone ingrowth and the resulting stability of the implant can be achieved with porous-coated stems. However, the extent of the surface that is porous-coated must be sufficient to prevent trabecular fracture as a secondary mechanism of loosening. Interruptions in the circumferential extent of the porous surface are associated with the formation of periprosthetic membranes, which provide a pathway for migration of particulate wear and corrosion products to the distal part of the stem. A circumferential coating may retard the access of particles and thus decrease the possibility of diaphyseal osteolysis.
Evaluation of NaF PET/CT, FDG PET/CT, combined NaF/FDG PET/CT and CT alone for detection of bone metastases (2012)

586 Objectives FDG PET/CT is established in clinical practice for the initial cancer staging and the subsequent monitoring of response to therapy. NaF can be used as a PET/CT tracer for the detection of sclerotic skeletal metastases. The combined administration of NaF and FDG in a single PET/CT scan may improve patient convenience and reduce healthcare costs in selected patients. However, it has not been compared to CT alone for the detection of bone metastases. Methods This is a retrospective review of 51 patients with biopsy-proven cancer who underwent separate NaF PET/CT, FDG PET/CT and combined NaF/FDG PET/CT scans (3 scans per patient) at our institution. There were 39 men and 12 women, 19-84 year-old (average 53.9 ± 16.3). The 3 PET/CT scans were performed within a 2-week period for each patient. A direct comparison for detected bone metastases was performed between the 3 PET/CT scans and CT alone for each patient. Results The sensitivities, specificities, PPV and NPV for CT alone, 18F NaF PET/CT, 18F FDG PET/CT and combined 18F NaF/18F FDG PET/CT scans are presented in the attached table below. Overall, the combined scan performed better than any of the separate scans or the CT alone for identification of bone metastases. Conclusions We showed that combined NaF/FDG PET/CT detects more bone metastases than CT alone, and without loss of sensitivity in comparison to standard FDG PET/CT. The simultaneous use of NaF/FDG PET contributed greatly to the degree of concordance between scintigraphy and radiography, as the majority of CT-detected lesions missed on FDG PET were subsequently detected by NaF PET. These findings provide a strong clinical rationale for the use of combined NaF/FDG PET/CT in the management of selected oncologic patients, and should be further validated in larger cohorts
Injectable Polymeric Delivery System for Spatiotemporal and Sequential Release of Therapeutic Proteins To Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis and Reduce Inflammation (2020)

Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiac cell death, induces persistent inflammatory responses, and generates harmful pathological remodeling, which leads to heart failure. Biomedical approaches to restore blood supply to ischemic myocardium, via controlled delivery of angiogenic and immunoregulatory proteins, may present an efficient treatment option for coronary artery disease (CAD). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is necessary to initiate neovessel formation, while platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is needed later to recruit pericytes, which stabilizes new vessels. Anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 (IL-10) can help optimize cardiac repair and limit the damaging effects of inflammation following MI. To meet these angiogenic and anti-inflammatory needs, an injectable polymeric delivery system composed of encapsulating micelle nanoparticles embedded in a sulfonated reverse thermal gel was developed. The sulfonate groups on the thermal gel electrostatically bind to VEGF and IL-10, and their specific binding affinities control their release rates, while PDGF-loaded micelles are embedded in the gel to provide the sequential release of the growth factors. An in vitro release study was performed, which demonstrated the sequential release capabilities of the delivery system. The ability of the delivery system to induce new blood vessel formation was analyzed in vivo using a subcutaneous injection mouse model. Histological assessment was used to quantify blood vessel formation and an inflammatory response, which showed that the polymeric delivery system significantly increased functional and mature vessel formation while reducing inflammation. Overall, the results demonstrate the effective delivery of therapeutic proteins to promote angiogenesis and limit inflammatory responses.
Algebra structures on hom ( C , L ) (2021)

We consider the space of linear maps from a coassociative coalgebra C into a Lie algebra L. Unless C has a cocommutative coproduct, the usual symmetry properties of the induced bracket on Hom(C,L) fail to hold. We define the concept of twisted domain (TD) algebras in order to recover the symmetries and also construct a modified Chevalley-Eilenberg complex in order to define the cohomology of such algebras.
Jejunum Inflammation in Obese and Diabetic Mice Impairs Enteric Glucose Detection and Modifies Nitric Oxide Release in the Hypothalamus (2010)

Intestinal detection of nutrients is a crucial step to inform the whole body of the nutritional status. In this paradigm, peripheral information generated by nutrients is transferred to the brain, which in turn controls physiological functions, including glucose metabolism. Here, we investigated the effect of enteric glucose sensors stimulation on hypothalamic nitric oxide (NO) release in lean or in obese/diabetic (db/db) mice. By using specific NO amperometric probes implanted directly in the hypothalamus of mice, we demonstrated that NO release is stimulated in response to enteric glucose sensors activation in lean but not in db/db mice. Alteration of gut to hypothalamic NO signaling in db/db mice is associated with a drastic increase in inflammatory, oxidative/nitric oxide (iNOS, IL-1β), and endoplasmic reticulum stress (CHOP, ATF4) genes expression in the jejunum. Although we could not exclude the importance of the hypothalamic inflammatory state in obese and diabetic mice, our results provide compelling evidence that enteric glucose sensors could be considered as potential targets for metabolic diseases.
Abstract 12240: Dendritic Cell is an Immunoprotective Regulator in Post-Infarction Healing and Left Ventricular Remodeling (2011)

Background- Inflammation and immune responses are integral components in the healing process after myocardial infarction (MI). We previously reported dendritic cell (DC) infiltration into the infarcted heart. This study was designed to elucidate whether and how DC contributes to post-infarction healing and left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Methods and Results- Bone-marrow (BM) cells from CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)/green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice were transplanted into lethally irradiated wild-type (WT) recipient mice. After reconstitution of BM-derived cells, the recipient mice were treated with either diphtheria toxin (DC-ablation group) or vehicle (control group), and MI was created by left coronary ligation. CD11c+ GFP+ DCs expressing CD11b and MHC class II were recruited into the heart, peaking on day 7 after MI in control group. Mice with DC depletion for 7 days showed increased mortality, and deteriorated LV dysfunction and remodeling 28 days after MI. DC-ablation group de...
International Survey on the Management of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: Year 2007 (2010)

New classifications such as the RIFLE criteria did improve the well-known uncertainty about the definition of AKI. Awareness of the prescription and standardization of an adequate treatment dose seemed to have increased in recent years, even if there is still a significant level of uncertainty on this specific issue. Several concerns and RRT complications, such as bleeding and anticoagulation strategies, still need further exploration and development.
Supplementary Table S3 from E7386, a Selective Inhibitor of the Interaction between β-Catenin and CBP, Exerts Antitumor Activity in Tumor Models with Activated Canonical Wnt Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The list of Topologically significant genes by RNA-Seq analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Neural Grafting in the Aged Rat Brain (1986)

Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and ...Read More
Optimization Algorithms for Energy-Efficient Data Centers (2013)

Real-time optimization algorithms for managing energy efficiency in data centers have been developed and implemented. For example, for a given cooling configuration (which is being measured and modeled in real-time using IBM’s Measurement and Management Technologies) an optimization algorithm allows identifying the optimum placement of new servers (or workloads) or alternatively where to remove servers (or workload) for different constraints. Another optimization algorithm optimizes performance of the data center without creating hotspots. The optimization algorithms use a physical model in junction with linear programming as well as linear least square methods.
El papel del dominio del tiempo en RF digital (2007)

Muchas de las senales de RF de hoy en dia cambian de un instante al siguiente (saltan de frecuencia, aparecen y desaparecen, poseen modulaciones complejas dinamicas, etc.). Y estas actividades pueden producir sus propios efectos secundarios: transitorios aleatorios, interferencias, anomalias de conmutacion y otras mas. ?Que tienen todos estos fenomenos en comun? El tiempo. El tiempo es el eje que ya no puede continuar siendo ignorado.