gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HER-2-Nascent Polypeptide Chain Bound on Ribosomes Translating Influenza Virus Proteins Induces Differentiation of CD8+ Cells (2005)

s: Abstracts for the 20th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Biological Therapy of Cancer (Primary Authors are Italicized): TURNING IMMUNIZATION INTO TUMOR REGRESSION: OBSTACLES AND STRATEGIES
Centrifugal fluidization: a review. [15 refs] (1977)

The term centrifugal fluidization refers to a fluidized bed of particles contained in a cylindrical device and made to rotate about the axis of symmetry. The rotational motion generates radial forces on the bed material, which act like gravity and cause the particles to be concentrated in the annular region at the circumference of the device. Fluidizing gas flows inward through the porous cylindrical distributor, fluidizing the bed against the radial centrifugal forces. Relatively large effective gravities can be generated with modest angular velocities, permitting much larger gas flow rates per unit volume at minimum fluidization than are possible with a conventional fluidized bed operating at 1 G. A review is presented of the research performed at Lehigh University and elsewhere on centrifugal fluidized beds. Expressions for minimum fluidization, pressure drop, and elutriation are presented with data on bed behavior. The possible application of this technology to coal combustion is discussed.
Bridgehead enolates and bridgehead alkenes in a welwistatin model series (2009)

Bridgehead metallation is possible in a ketone having the welwistatin skeleton, and this facilitates installation of the isothiocyanate function present in the natural product, and also enables synthesis of remarkable bridgehead alkenes.
Room temperature bulk diamond 13-C hyperpolarisation -- Strong evidence for a complex four spin coupling (2017)

Hyperpolarisation at room temperature is one of the most important research fields in order to improve liquid, gas or nanoparticle tracer for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in medical applications. In this paper we utilize nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to investigate the hyperpolarisation effect of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres on carbon-13 nuclei and their spin diffusion in a diamond single crystal close to the excited state level anti crossing (ESLAC) around 50 mT. Whereas the electron spins of the NV centre can be easily polarized in its m = 0 ground state at room temperature just by irradiation with green light , the swop of the NV electron spin polarization to a carbon-13 nuclei is a complex task. We found that the coupling between the polarized NV electron spin, the electron spin of a substitutional nitrogen impurity (P1) as well as its nitrogen-14 nuclei and the carbon-13 nuclear spin has to be considered. Here we show that through an optimization of this procedure, in about two minutes a signal to noise ratio which corresponds to a 23 hour standard measurement without hyperpolarisation and an accumulation of 460 single scans can be obtained. Furthermore we were able to identify several polarisation peaks of different sign at different magnetic fields in a region of some tens of gauss. Most of the peaks can be attributed to a coupling of the NV centres to nearby P1 centres. We present a new theoretical model in a framework of cross polarisation of a four spin dynamic model in good agreement with our experimental data. The results demonstrate the opportunities and power as well as limitations of hyperpolarisation in diamond via NV centres. We expect that the current work may have a significant impact on future applications.
Circuit techniques for cognitive radio receiver front-ends (2012)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. June 2012. Major: Electrical Engineering. Advisor: Ramesh Harjani. 1 computer file (PDF); xvi, 382 pages, appendices A-D.
Association betweenHelicobacter pylori infection and MALT-type lymphoma of the ocular adnexa: clinical and therapeutic implications (2005)

Gastric Hp infection, even if common among OAL patients, does not influence clinical presentation. Hp-eradicating antibiotic therapy is not active against OAL. Cps-eradicating antibiotic therapy with doxycycline induces lymphoma remission irrespectively of the persistence of Hp infection.
Ultrasonic Attenuation at Microwave Frequencies in Aluminum Oxide and Ruby (1969)

The temperature dependence of the attenuation of longitudinal waves propagating along the c axis of aluminum oxide and ruby has been measured at frequencies of 0.4 GHz, 1.23 GHz, 2.32 GHz, and 2.94 GHz in the temperature range 20° to 100°K. The ruby samples contained 0.025, 0.08, 0.2, and 0.9% chromium by weight. respectively. In undoped aluminum oxide, in the temperature range 40° to 50°K, the attenuation is frequency independent and varies as T9. At higher temperatures, the attenuation is frequency dependent and varies less rapidly with temperature. The effect of chromium impurities is to increase the attenuation at low temperatures and to decrease it at high temperatures. The measurements are interpreted in terms of collisions between the low-energy phonons, constituting the sound wave, and the thermal phonons. Evidence is presented that the main contribution to the attenuation is from collisions of the sound-wave phonons with transverse thermal phonons. The dependence of the attenuation on temperature, frequency, and chromium concentration found experimentally is in good agreement with that theoretically predicted for this type of collision mechanism.
Evaluation of electrical equalizer coefficients for optical performance monitoring in DWDM networks (2005)

Presently, formerly independent autonomous optical links are growing increasingly into meshed networks making measures for performance monitoring and automated error analysis a necessity. At the same time adaptive electronic equalizers are becoming integrated by default into optical receivers in order to mitigate distortions which are ubiquitous on every fiber link. In this paper we investigate the possibility of using these already available components for identifying and quantifying optical distortions and thus, performing network monitoring without additional expensive optical equipment.
Neuro chips with on-chip backprop and/or Hebbian learning (2003)

In a neural network, neurons and synapses are two unit functions. If the learning procedures are assigned appropriately, they can be placed in tiling form. This arrangement is potentially expandable if constructed of two separate LSI chips, a synapse chip and a neuron chip. The authors describe such an implementation. A single synapse configuration is shown along with a synapse group with 64 synapses and a learning control circuit. A single neuron functional block diagram is presented, and synapse characteristics are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION AND COUNTERMEASURE SELECTION IN VIRTUAL NETWORK SYSTEMS (2016)

Cloud security is one of most important issues that has attracted a lot of research and development effort in past few years. Particularly, attackers can explore vulnerabilities of a cloud system and compromise virtual machines to deploy further large-scale Distributed Denial-ofService (DDoS). DDoS attacks usually involve early stage actions such as multi-step exploitation, low frequency vulnerability scanning, and compromising identified vulnerable virtual machines as zombies, and finally DDoS attacks through the compromised zombies. Within the cloud system, especially the Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds, the detection of zombie exploration attacks is extremely difficult. This is because cloud users may install vulnerable applications on their virtual machines. To prevent vulnerable virtual machines from being compromised in the cloud, we propose a multi-phase distributed vulnerability detection, measurement, and countermeasure selection mechanism called NICE, which is built on attack graph based analytical models and reconfigurable virtual network-based countermeasures. The proposed framework leverages network programming APIs to build a monitor and control plane over distributed programmable virtual switches in order to significantly improve attack detection and mitigate attack consequences. The system and security evaluations demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Supporting per-processor local-allocation buffers using multi-processor restartable critical sections (2004)

One challenge for runtime systems like the Java™ platform that depend on garbage collection is the ability to scale performance with the number of allocating threads. As the number of such threads grows, allocation of memory in the heap becomes a point of contention. To relieve this contention, many collectors allow threads to preallocate blocks of memory from the shared heap. These per-thread local-allocation buffers (LABs) allow threads to allocate most objects without any need for further synchronization. As the number of threads exceeds the number of processors, however, the cost of committing memory to local-allocation buffers becomes a challenge and sophisticated LAB-sizing policies must be employed.

To reduce this complexity, we implement support for local-allocation buffers associated with processors instead of threads using multiprocess restartable critical sections (MP-RCSs). MP-RCSs allow threads to manipulate processor-local data safely. To support processor-specific transactions in dynamically generated code, we have developed a novel mechanism for implementing these critical sections that is efficient, allows preemption-notification at known points in a given critical section, and does not require explicit registration of the critical sections. Finally, we analyze the performance of per-processor LABs and show that, for highly threaded applications, this approach performs better than per-thread LABs, and allows for simpler LAB-sizing policies.
High speed optical transmission R&amp;D in ETRI (2010)

In this paper, after a brief introduction of related Korean industrial situation, 40G/100G optical transmission R&D efforts in ETRI are described.
Technological developments of epitaxial lift-off process over InP substrates (2017)

International audience
IRISformer: Dense Vision Transformers for Single-Image Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenes (2022)

Indoor scenes exhibit significant appearance variations due to myriad interactions between arbitrarily diverse object shapes, spatially-changing materials, and complex lighting. Shadows, highlights, and inter-reflections caused by visible and invisible light sources require reasoning about long-range interactions for inverse rendering, which seeks to recover the components of image formation, namely, shape, material, and lighting. In this work, our intuition is that the long-range attention learned by transformer architectures is ideally suited to solve longstanding challenges in single-image inverse rendering. We demonstrate with a specific instantiation of a dense vision transformer, IRISformer, that excels at both single-task and multi-task reasoning required for inverse rendering. Specifically, we propose a transformer architecture to simultaneously estimate depths, normals, spatially-varying albedo, roughness and lighting from a single image of an indoor scene. Our extensive evaluations on benchmark datasets demonstrate state-of-the-art results on each of the above tasks, enabling applications like object insertion and material editing in a single unconstrained real image, with greater photorealism than prior works. Code and data are publicly released at https://github.com/ViLab-UCSD/IRISformer.
Design of an Origami-Inspired Deployable Aerodynamic Locomotive Fairing (2018)

The design of an aerodynamic origami-inspired deployable fairing for locomotives is discussed. Because freight locomotives may or may not be in the lead position and the constrained space between coupled locomotives is small, it is desirable for the fairing to be stowed flat in the non-lead position. The resulting fairing is based on non-developable thick origami. Thick origami has traditionally been applied in the context of developable patterns. Considerations for applying thick origami to non-developable patterns is discussed. The fairing geometry is optimized using CFD analysis and multi-dimensional polynomial regression. Prototypes of the fairing are constructed to validate its operational feasibility. The fairing is estimated to reduce overall aerodynamic drag on the locomotive by 16% at a 80 kph velocity. This translates into an estimated fuel savings of over 24,000 liters of diesel annually per train retrofitted with the fairing.
Benchmark Assessment of Molecular Geometries and Energies from Small Molecule Force Fields (2020)

&lt;div&gt;Force fields are used in a wide variety of contexts for classical molecular simulation, including studies on protein-ligand binding, membrane permeation, and thermophysical property prediction. The quality of these studies relies on the quality of the force fields used to represent the systems. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Focusing on small molecules of fewer than 50 heavy atoms, our aim in this work is to compare nine force fields: GAFF, GAFF2, MMFF94, MMFF94S, OPLS3e, SMIRNOFF99Frosst, and the Open Force Field Parsley, versions 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2. On a dataset comprising 22,675 molecular structures of 3,271 molecules, we analyzed force field-optimized geometries and conformer energies compared these to reference quantum mechanical (QM) data. We show that while OPLS3e performs best, the latest Open Force Field Parsley release is approaching a comparable level of accuracy in reproducing QM geometries and energetics for this set of molecules. Meanwhile, the performance of established force fields such as MMFF94s and GAFF2 is generally somewhat worse. We also find that the series of recent Open Force Field versions provide significant increases in accuracy. Our molecule set and results are available for other researchers to use in testing.&lt;/div&gt;
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from a Chicken in West Africa (2012)

The complete genome sequence of an African Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain isolated from a chicken in Togo in 2009 was determined. The genome is 15,198 nucleotides (nt) in length and is classified in genotype VII in the class II cluster. Compared to common vaccine strains, the African strain contains a previously described 6-nt insert in the downstream untranslated region of the N gene and a novel 6-nt insert in the HN-L intergenic region. Genome length differences are a marker of the natural history of NDV. This is the first description of a class II NDV strain with a genome of 15,198 nt and a 6-nt insert in the HN-L intergenic region. Sequence divergence relative to vaccine strains was substantial, likely contributes to outbreaks, and illustrates the continued evolution of new NDV strains in West Africa.
Utility of high on-off ratio, high off resistance rewritable device to EEPROM for ultra-low voltage operation of steep subthreshold slope FETs (2014)

This paper proposes the utility of the solid-electrode nanometer switch device called atom switch for ultra-low voltage EEPROM of near- or sub-60mV/dec. steep subthreshold slope transistors. We adopt combination of a simple inverter-sensing read circuit and the atom switch device. This circuit does not include sense amplifiers and not limited by operation limit of analog circuits. High on-off ratio and off resistance enable low-voltage operation with a simple inverter-sensing structure. We fabricated a TEG wafer in a 65nm process, and obtained measurement results of circuit operation in 350mV including the level shifter of memory cell selector driver and in 150mV with the read circuit only.
Hinge influences in murine IgG binding to Cryptococcus neoformans capsule (2021)

Decades of studies on antibody structure led to the tenet that the V region binds antigens while the C region interacts with immune effectors. In some antibodies, however, the C region affects affinity and/or specificity for the antigen. One example is the 3E5 monoclonal murine IgG family, in which the mIgG3 isotype has different fine specificity to the Cryptococcus neoformans capsule polysaccharide than the other mIgG isotypes despite their identical variable sequences. Our group serendipitously found another pair of mIgG1/mIgG3 antibodies based on the 2H1 hybridoma to the C. neoformans capsule that recapitulated the differences observed with 3E5. In this work, we report the molecular basis of the constant domain effects on antigen binding using recombinant antibodies. As with 3E5, immunofluorescence experiments show a punctate pattern for 2H1-mIgG3 and an annular pattern for 2H1-mIgG1; these binding patterns have been associated with protective efficacy in murine cryptococcosis. Also as observed with 3E5, 2H1-mIgG3 bound on ELISA to both acetylated and non-acetylated capsular polysaccharide, whereas 2H1-mIgG1 only bound well to the acetylated form, consistent with differences in fine specificity. In engineering hybrid mIgG1/mIgG3 antibodies, we found that switching the 2H1-mIgG3 hinge for its mIgG1 counterpart changed the immunofluorescence pattern to annular, but a 2H1-mIgG1 antibody with an mIgG3 hinge still had an annular pattern. The hinge is thus necessary but not sufficient for these changes in binding to the antigen. This important role for the constant region in antigen binding could affect antibody biology and engineering.
A CMOS two-dimensional digital filter for TV pictures (1986)

Two-dimensional filtering, achieved by the design of a 22MHz IC, incorporating a resettable FIFO memory as a flexible delay unit, will be reported. The chip was implemented with 80K transistors in 2μm double-well CMOS.
Transformation by Polyomavirus Middle T Antigen Involves a Unique Bimodal Interaction with the Hippo Effector YAP (2016)

The highly conserved Hippo/YAP pathway is important for tissue development and homeostasis. Increasingly, changes in this pathway are being associated with cancer. Middle T antigen (MT) is the primary polyomavirus oncogene responsible for tumor formation. In this study, we show that MT signaling promotes YAP phosphorylation, loss from the nucleus, and increased turnover. Notably, MT genetics demonstrate that YAP binding to MT is important for transformation. Because MT also binds PP2A, YAP bound to MT is dephosphorylated, stabilized, and localized to membranes. Taken together, these results indicate that YAP promotes MT transformation via mechanisms that depart from YAP's canonical oncogenic transcriptional activation functions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Cyclization of Enamide‐Ynes and Application to the Synthesis of the Kopsifoline Core. (2013)

Abstract A Pd‐catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of azaspirocycles is developed.
Efficient pulse amplification using a transverse-flow CO_2 laser for extreme ultraviolet light source (2012)

We constructed a master oscillator power amplifier CO2 laser system using a transverse-flow, RF-pumped CW CO2 laser. We carried out an amplification test at a 100% duty cycle of pumping discharge with the electrical input for the discharge up to 60 kW. An output power of 1.90 kW was achieved at the oscillator repetition rate of 100 kHz and the optical input power of 13 W. The electrical-to-optical efficiency was 3.1%.
Highly Fluorescent Macrophages in Colonic Mucosa Under Autofluorescence Imaging Endoscopy: A Brief Case Report (2011)

Highly Fluorescent Macrophages in Colonic Mucosa Under Autofluorescence Imaging Endoscopy: A Brief Case Report
A Monte Carlo study of depth of interaction in PET (2004)

In this work, we present a Monte Carlo simulation program for the investigation of reconstruction of the entrance point and angle of incidence of /spl gamma/-rays incident on a crystal by using the light output from the adjacent crystals. Initially, the Monte Carlo simulator was used to obtain the light response function (LRF) of each crystal in a detector array with respect to the entrance position and angle of incidence of the incident /spl gamma/-rays. Later, the simulator was used to determine the spatial resolution of a 3-layer detector ring consisting of 200 crystals per layer.
Therapeutic antitumor immunity induced by combined intratumoral injection of dendritic cells (DCs) and systemic chemotherapy in murine lymphoma (2004)

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Finding ECM-friendly curves through a study of Galois properties (2012)

In this paper we prove some divisibility properties of the cardinality of\nelliptic curves modulo primes. These proofs explain the good behavior of\ncertain parameters when using Montgomery or Edwards curves in the setting of\nthe elliptic curve method (ECM) for integer factorization. The ideas of the\nproofs help us to find new families of elliptic curves with good division\nproperties which increase the success probability of ECM.\n
Transducerless field orientation concepts employing saturation-induced saliencies in induction machines (1996)

This paper explores the tracking of high-frequency magnetic saliencies created by saturation as a means of continuously estimating the position and magnitude of flux for transducerless field-oriented control at zero and low frequency operation. Tracking is based upon inverter-generated high-frequency signal injection with demodulation incorporating heterodyning and a closed-loop tracking filter. Integration of the tracking scheme with the voltage model in a closed-loop flux observer topology is proposed as an attractive means of achieving very wide speed range transducerless field-oriented control. The focus is toward induction machines, although the applicability to surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines is also briefly discussed. Experimental evaluation of saturation effects in two induction machines is included, as well as simulation results demonstrating sustained torque control at zero fundamental frequency.
Supplementary Figure 4 from ICOS Is an Indicator of T-cell–Mediated Response to Cancer Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S4: Correlation of Tumor and TDLN PET ROI with fold-change in tumor volume (Day8/Day0) in mice treated with anti PD-1 antibody i.p and PBS i.p.&lt;/p&gt;
Identification and characterization of a low-affinity granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor on primary and cultured human melanoma cells (1991)

Hematopoietic growth factor receptors are present on cells of normal nonhematopoietic tissues such as endothelium and placenta. We previously demonstrated functional human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptors on small cell carcinoma of the lung cell lines, and others have reported that certain solid tumor cell lines respond to GM-CSF in clonogenic assays. In the current study, we examine human melanoma cell lines and fresh specimens of melanoma to determine whether they have functional GM-CSF receptors. Scatchard analyses of 125I-GM-CSF equilibrium binding to melanoma cell lines showed a mean of 542 +/- 67 sites per cell with a kd of 0.72 +/- 0.14 nmol/L. Cross-linking studies in the melanoma cell line, M14, showed a major GM-CSF receptor species of 84,000 daltons. Under the conditions tested, the M14 cells did not have a proliferative response to GM-CSF in vitro, nor was any induction of primary response genes detected by Northern analysis in response to GM-CSF. Studies to determine internal translocation of the receptor-ligand complex indicated less than 10% of the 125I-GM-CSF internalized was specifically bound to receptors. Primary melanoma cells from five surgical specimens had GM-CSF receptors; Scatchard analysis was performed on one sample, showing 555 sites/cell with a kd of 0.23 nmol/L. These results indicate that human tumor cells may express a low-affinity GM-CSF receptor protein that localizes to the cell surface and binds ligand, but lacks functional components or accessory factors needed to transduce a signal.