gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Locomotion Assistance using Two-Dimensional Features Based Adaptive Oscillator (2019)

In this paper, an adaptive oscillator method Amplitude Omega Adaptive Oscillator (AωAO), is proposed to provide bilateral hip assistance for human locomotion. A realtime human locomotion recognition algorithm is integrated with AωAO to make it robust for various gait activities. The human locomotion recognition algorithm comprises both low-level (to detect activities) and high-level classifiers to detect transitions between activities. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Discrete Hidden Markov Model (DHMM) are used as low-level and high-level classifiers respectively. The human locomotion recognition algorithm is trained using two-dimensional features, Amplitude (A) and Omega (ω), obtained from thigh angle measurements, using a single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on each limb. In AωAO, a pool with four adaptive oscillators (AOs) is used to estimate the filtered thigh angle trajectory. This pool converges to the frequency and phase of the signal, adaptively. To account for amplitude convergence, the amplitude parameters of the oscillator need to be reinitialized based on the human activity, identified by the human locomotion recognition algorithm. In addition to the adaptive oscillators, a Gaussian kernel function based nonlinear filter is employed to predict the future estimates of thigh angles. These predicted estimates, along with the user thigh angles, are used to calculate hip assistive torque in real-time. To verify the efficacy of the proposed approach, experiments were performed, using Hip exoskeleton for Superior Assistance (HeSA), on three healthy subjects. The human locomotion recognition algorithm reported higher classification and prediction accuracy of 95.2% and 94.9 % respectively. Activity Classification, Assistive devices, Human Activity Recognition.
Quality Control Metrics to Assess MoS2 Sputtered Films for Tribological Applications (2022)

Abstract Pure molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) solid lubricant coatings could attain densities comparable to doped films (and the associated benefits to wear rate and environmental stability) through manipulation of the microstructure via deposition parameters. Unfortunately, pure films can exhibit highly variable microstructures and mechanical properties due to processes that are not controlled during deposition (i.e., batch-to-batch variation). This work focuses on developing a relationship between density, hardness, friction, and wear for pure sputtered MoS 2 coatings. Results show that dense films ( ρ = 4.5 g/cm 3 ) exhibit a 100 × lower wear rate compared to porous coatings ( ρ = 3.04–3.55 g/cm 3 ). The tribological performance of high density pure MoS 2 coatings is shown to surpass that of established composite coatings, achieving a wear rate 2 × ( k = 5.74 × 10 –8 mm 3 /Nm) lower than composite MoS 2 /Sb 2 O 3 /Au in inert environments.
Ruthenation of Non‐stacked Guanines in DNA G‐Quadruplex Structures: Enhancement of c‐MYC Expression (2016)

Abstract Guanine quadruplexes (GQs) are compact four‐stranded DNA structures that play a key role in the control of a variety of biological processes, including gene transcription. Bulky ruthenium complexes featuring a bipyridine, a terpyridine, and one exchangeable ligand ([Ru(terpy)(bpy)X] n + ) are able to metalate exposed guanines present in the GQ of the c‐MYC promoter region that are not involved in quadruplex base pairing. qRT‐PCR and western‐blot experiments indicated that the complexes promote a remarkable increase in the expression of this oncogene. We also show that exchangeable thioether ligands (X=RSR′, Met) allow regulation of the metalating activity of the complex with visible light.
A Flexible, High-Precise Time Synchronization for Multi-hop Sensor Networks (2006)

In recent years, time synchronization in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is important for accurate time stamping of events and fine-tuned coordination of duty cycles to minimize power consumption. This paper presents an on-demand hierarchical mesh-based time synchronization (OHMTS) that is flexible, multi-hop based and high-precise in WSN. OHMTS adopts hierarchical and multi-hop mesh-based network architecture with supporting energy-saving problem for WSN. For the purpose of performance evaluation, we first study the error sources of OHMTS and then we evaluate the performance of OHMTS with respect to synchronization delay error using network simulator (NS-2). The simulation results show that OHMTS provides fine-tuned clock offset mechanism and can be easily applied to real WSN platform
Virus inactivation using ultraviolet LEDs (2022)

Virus inactivation technology is attracting much attention to realize mitigation of the spread of COVID-19. There are many approaches for virus inactivation. One of the effective methods well known is directly damaging their RNAs by ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LED). However, the quantum efficiency in the UV-LED is much lower than that of the visible LEDs. So, a large cooling system is required owing to maintain irradiation because LED generates heat. In this report, the present situation of UV-LED characteristic such as the wavelength, quantum efficiency, and lifetime in LED are shown. Moreover, the virus inactivation effect by the UV-LED with including COVID-19 is explained. Finally, we introduce the recent study in UV-LEDs becoming the common in virus inactivation.
A Quality-of-Experience driven bidding game for uplink video transmission in next generation mobile networks (2012)

Centralized approaches to solve resource allocation problems for wireless real-time multimedia communications have been intensively studied but require the availability of meta information about the multimedia content and channel information of all users. In this paper, we propose a Quality of Experience (QoE) driven bidding game for de-centralized uplink resource allocation among multiple mobile video producers. Different from previous works, the price per resource unit is defined on a Mean Opinion Score (MOS) scale and users bid for the resources that maximize their own utility function. Simulations in an LTE environment show the benefits of our distributed approach in terms of convergence time and QoE performance, compared to a centralized greedy scheme and a state-of-the-art game-theoretic approach.
Protein–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery (2012)

Amphiphilic bovine serum albumin-poly(methyl methacrylate) conjugate forms nanoparticles with the uniform size of ~100 nm by self-assembling. Loaded with the hydrophobic anti-tumor drug camptothecin, the nanoparticle efficiently delivers drugs into cancer cells, and thus inhibits ~79% of tumor growth in animals compared with free drug.
Multiphysics Analysis of a Linear Control Solenoid Valve (2012)

A multiphysics analysis of a linear control solenoid valve coupled with a single degree of freedom (DOF) system is performed to analyze the spool behaviors of the valve. Axially symmetrical simulations are carried out to investigate simultaneously the phenomena of the electromagnetic field and the flow field. The valve spool stroke is determined by the balance between the forces, i.e., the electromagnetic force, hydraulic force, spring force, and damping force. In turn, the spool stroke influences these forces. The arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method is employed to describe the dynamic behavior of the system. The simulation results are compared with experimental data to ascertain their accuracy and reliability. In static electromagnetic simulations, a constant electromagnetic force can arise in the linear control solenoid valve because of the leakage of the magnetic flux at the core pole. In the multiphysics simulations, the controllable range of the valve is found to be i = 0.2 – 1.1 A, which is twice the size of that of the electromagnetic simulations. The hydraulic force due to the feedback pressure pushes the spool forward and enables a wider controllable range. Although the supplied pressure improves the system linearity, a critical supplied pressure is required to ensure the linearity of the linear control solenoid valve. The effects of varying the rising time and the maximum external current on the behavior of the valve and its pressure sensitivities are examined.
Wheat gluten hydrolysates with embedded Ag-nanoparticles; a structure-function assessment for potential applications as wound sorbents with antimicrobial properties (2022)

Numerous approaches have been used to prevent bacterial infection from injured skin, such as bandages and topical creams. However, the higher level of reactive oxygen species, bacterial infections, and excess wound exudates remain the major challenges for wound healing. In this study, we have tailored the structure of wheat gluten hydrolysates (WGH) as a continuous matrix by compositing it with a minimal amount of PVA, PVP, and PEG as polymer crosslinkers (0.5 wt%) to provide film structure integrity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were impregnated into the WGH to develop a control release matrix of the AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractogram, and functional group patterns of WG and AgNPs indicate a successful integration of AgNPs into the wheat gluten matrix. The swelling capacity of the films was tested at acidic, neutral, and basic pH and was found to be highest in WG/PEG/Ag at pH 9 with 389%. The gradual release of Ag+/AgNPs from the films significantly scavenged free radicals and increased the antibacterial activity with up to a 12 mm inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. According to these findings, WGH with AgNPs has been successfully cast in films with increased absorption capacity, free radicals scavenging, oxidant quenching, and antibacterial capabilities, along with the sustained release of silver ions. The results, therefore, show the potential of the developed films in biomedical applications such as wound dressing.
Iridium(III) Emitters Based on 1,4-Disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles as Cyclometalating Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Electroluminescent Devices (2013)

A series of blue and blue-green emitters based on neutral bis- and tris-cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes with 1-benzyl-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (dfptrBn) as cyclometalating ligand is reported. The bis-cyclometalated complexes of the type [Ir(dfptrBn)(2)(L(^)X)] with different ancillary ligands, L(^)X = picolinate (pic) (2) or 2-(5-(perfluorophenyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridine (pytrF(5)) (3), are described and their photophysical properties compared with the analogous complexes containing the archetypal 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridinato (dfppy) as cyclometaled ligand (C(^)N). Complex 2 exhibits a marked solvatochromic behavior, from 475 nm in toluene to 534 nm in formamide, due to the strong MLCT character of its emissive excited state. Complex 3 displays a true-blue emission, narrower in the visible part than FIrpic. In addition, the homoleptic complex [Ir(dfprBn)(3)] (4) and the heteroleptic compounds with mixed arylpyridine/aryltriazole ligands, [Ir(dfptrBn)(2)(C(^)N)] (C(^)N = 2-phenylpyridinato (ppy) (5) or dfppy (6)), have been synthesized and fully characterized. The facial (fac) complex fac-4 is emissive at 77 K showing a deep-blue emission, but it is not luminescent in solution at room temperature similarly to their phenylpyrazole counterparts. However, the fac isomers, fac-5 and fac-6, are highly emissive in solution and thin films, reaching emission quantum yields of 76%, with emission colors in the blue to blue-green region. The photophysical properties for all complexes have been rationalized by means of quantum-chemical calculations. In addition, we constructed electroluminescent devices, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by sublimation of fac-6, and by solution processed polymer-based devices (PLEDs) using complexes fac-5 or fac-6 as dopants.
Anomalous photobleaching in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements due to excitation saturation—a case study for fluorescein (2006)

In this study we examine the implications of excitation saturation on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. In particular we present both experimental and theoretical evidence that fluorescein, one of the most frequently used fluorophores in FRAP, does not always comply with the basic assumptions that are made in many FRAP models: an invariant bleaching illumination intensity distribution (BID) in combination with first-order photobleaching kinetics. High light intensity levels, which are typical for the photobleaching phase of FRAP experiments, can cause excitation saturation of fluorescein in the excited triplet state. We show by experiments and computer simulations that under such saturating conditions the higher-order diffraction maxima of the BID substantially contribute to the photobleaching process and can no longer be neglected. As a result, the bleached regions are larger than expected theoretically from the FRAP models. Although this effect is not always directly evident from the FRAP experiments, neglecting it may shift the calculated diffusion coefficient by as much as over one order of magnitude. We present a discussion on the implications of this saturation effect on various types of FRAP models.
The Importance of Advance Care Plans in the Care Home (2023)

Through the use of case studies, this article explains the purpose and importance of the use of advance care plans in care homes and the potential consequences of not having an advance care plan in place regarding the care of individual residents. It explores reasons why they may not be completed or used effectively, and considers why the design of the advance care plan is important and needs to be specific for care home use.
Exploring Pareto-Optimal Hybrid Main Memory Configurations Using Different Emerging Memories (2022)

Main memory system design and corresponding technology requirements have become increasingly challenging for data-dominated high-performance applications. To address the leakage and scalability issues of the conventional DRAM-based memory, new memory technologies with ultra-low leakage and potential for high scalability have been explored extensively over the last decade. However, none of them are mature enough to serve as a drop-in replacement for DRAM. In this paper, we propose a hybrid main memory system solution for utilizing new memory technologies with specific features, based on the target application characteristics and system configurations. To this end, we examine two new memories, 1S-1VCMA and IGZO-based DRAM, along with conventional DRAM in the context of hybrid main memory solutions for high-capacity and low-power Pareto-optimizations, respectively. To better evaluate the power and performance, we consider the page-fault modeling in our evaluations. The results of the simulation show that different combinations of memory technologies in the hybrid memory system, different memory capacities, and different storage systems could provide a promising solution in the system regarding the characteristics of running applications and the requirements of the system.
Normal hematopoietic progenitor cells and malignant lymphohematopoietic cells show different susceptibility to direct cell-mediated MHC-non-restricted lysis by T cell receptor-/CD3-, T cell receptor gamma delta+/CD3+ and T cell receptor-alpha beta+/CD3+ lymphocytes. (1989)

To evaluate the capability of NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to interact with normal hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), as compared to neoplastic lymphohematopoietic cells, we investigated inhibition of colony growth of these cell populations in semi-solid culture systems, after incubation with cloned cytotoxic effector cells. Three different types of cloned effector cells were investigated: TCR-/CD3- NK cells, TCR-gamma delta+/CD3+ cells, and TCR-alpha beta+/CD3+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Effector cells showed differential levels of tumor cell colony inhibition, but no MHC-non-restricted lysis of normal HPC was observed. Pre-stimulation of normal HPC by culturing on established stromal layers had no effect. Cell-mediated lysis of HPC only occurred by Ag-specific MHC-restricted lysis by CTL, or by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. In cell mixing experiments, irradiated tumor cells, but not normal bone marrow cells inhibited tumor cell lysis. Furthermore, cloned effector lymphocytes were able to specifically eliminate malignant cells from tumor contaminated bone marrow without damaging normal HPC. When fresh leukemic cells were used as targets, growth of acute myeloblastic leukemia colonies was inhibited after incubation with several cytotoxic effector clones, whereas chronic myeloid leukemia precursor cells showed limited sensitivity to MHC-non-restricted cytolysis. These results indicate that MHC-non-restricted cytolysis by NK cells is selectively directed against neoplastic cells and not against normal HPC.
The nitrile oxide cycloaddition (NOC) route to a multipurpose C-nucleoside intermediate. A new class of C-nucleosides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe nitrile oxide cycloaddition (NOC) route to a multipurpose C-nucleoside intermediate. A new class of C-nucleosidesAlan P. Kozikowski and Steven GoldsteinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 7, 1139–1141Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00155a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00155a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel Vibration-Exercise Instrument With Dedicated Adaptive Filtering for Electromyographic Investigation of Neuromuscular Activation (2012)

Vibration exercise (VE) has been suggested as an effective methodology to improve muscle strength and power performance. Several studies link the effects of vibration training to enhanced neuromuscular demand, typically ascribed to involuntary reflex mechanisms. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear, limiting the identification of the most appropriate vibration training protocols. This study concerns the realization of a new vibration exercise system for the upper limbs. Amplitude, frequency, and baseline of the vibrating force, which is generated by an electromechanical actuator, can be adjusted independently. A second order model is employed to identify the relation between the generated force and the input voltage driving the actuator. Our results show a high correlation (0.99) between the second order model fit and the measured data, ensuring accurate control on the supplied force. The level of neuromuscular demand imposed by the system on the targeted muscles can be estimated by electromyography (EMG). However, EMG measurements during VE can be severely affected by motion artifacts. An adaptive least mean square algorithm is proposed to remove motion artifacts from the measured EMG data. Preliminary validation with seven volunteers showed excellent motion artifact removal, enabling reliable evaluation of the neuromuscular activation.
Nonstabilized N-Unsubstituted Azomethine Ylides:  A Synthesis of Indolizidine 239CD (1999)

[formula: see text] Treatment of a (2-azaallyl)stannane with HF.pyridine generated a nonstabilized N-unsubstituted azomethine ylide, which was found to undergo an efficient and stereoselective dipolar cycloaddition with phenyl vinyl sulfone to produce a trans-2,5-dialkylpyrrolidine that was further transformed into the dendrobatid alkaloid indolizidine 239CD.
<title>Sensor for optical flow measurement based on differencing in space and time</title> (1996)

Two CMOS image sensor concepts, developed for motion extraction, are proposed. The algorithm implemented in each pixel is either: the calculation of the temporal variation of the difference of the logarithm of intensity in two adjacent pixels; or a more general implementation of the spatial and temporal filtering over the local neighborhood. Temporal differencing yields peak in the response of pixels with changing intensity. The spatial differencing provides high-pass filtering and invariance to time-varying external lighting. We also compare two ways to use this sensor module to compute the velocity of edges moving along the sensor. In one implementation, the sensor is used as an input for a correlation algorithm, calculating the optical flow vector. The other possibility is to detect motion locally in each pixel, and measuring the time of switching between adjacent pixels which detect the motion.
Beam quality optimization of electrically pumped VECSELs for passive modelocking (2011)

Fundamental mode operation along with high output power is a major challenge for an electrically pumped VECSEL (EP-VECSEL) suitable for passive modelocking. We present an experimental study on the influence of the intermediate DBR reflectivity on the beam quality and the output power of EP-VECSELs. For designs with reflectivities of 90%, 82% and 71% the highest possible power for the best achievable beam quality was 15.1 mW (M<sup>2</sup> = 1.1, 82% device). We can demonstrate that a correctly chosen intermediate DBR reflectivity is necessary for both good beam quality and high power, and that a trade-off in power has to be accepted.
In situ fluorescence imaging of organs through compact scanning head for confocal laser microscopy (2005)

We develop a compact scanning head for use in laser confocal fluorescence microscopy for in situ fluorescence imaging of organs. The head, cylindrical in shape, has 3.5 mm diameter and 30 mm length, and is thus small enough to operate in a living rat heart. The lateral and axial resolutions, defined as full widths at half maximum (FWHM) of a point spread function (PSF), measures 1.0 and 5.0 microm, respectively, for 488-nm excitation and 1.0 and 5.4 microm, respectively, for 543-nm excitation. The chromatic aberration between 488- and 543-nm laser beams is well suppressed. We perform Ca2+ imaging in cardiomyocytes through the right ventricular chamber of a perfused rat heart in line-scan mode with 2.9-ms time resolution. We also carried out two-color imaging of a fixed mouse heart and liver with subcellular resolution. The compact head of the microscope equipped with a line-scan imaging mode and two-color imaging mode is useful for in situ imaging in living organs with subcellular resolution and can advantageously be applied to in vivo research.
Planar double-negative metamaterial filters tunable by liquid crystals (2012)

This paper presents the concept of a double-negative metamaterial structure tunable by liquid crystal. A metamaterial unit cell consists of wires joined with split-ring resonators. Two configurations, employing liquid crystal as a tunable substrate, are proposed and discussed. Both models are defined in a way to take into account a practical realization of liquid crystal polarization. The concept is validated with electromagnetic simulations based on the finite-difference time-domain method, where scattering parameters are computed. Next, the effective refractive index is retrieved and tunability in both setups is compared.