gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling of parameters of Rician fading distribution as a function of polarization parameter in reconfigurable antenna (2014)

Reconfigurable antenna is a field of research that adds more degrees of freedom in wireless communication systems to improve their performance, which is based on exploiting the interplay between directional impulse response and reconfigurable antenna patterns. In this work, we show that reconfigurable antenna does not change type of statistical distribution of envelope amplitude of indoor line of sight radio channel but does change distribution parameters in Rician channel. We present models of parameters of Rician distribution as function of antenna polarization parameter. We also present bit error rate comparison based Monte Carlo simulation with theoretical model as function of antenna polarization parameter and show a good matching results of our observation.
Evaluation of Virucidal Activity of Residual Quaternary Ammonium-treated Surfaces on SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

A commercially available and EPA/PMRA registered quaternary ammonium antimicrobial formulation was applied to stainless steel carrier disks and sent to two virology research institutes to independently determine whether samples treated with SiQAC-C18 antimicrobial material could deactivate deposited SARS-CoV-2 virions on contaminated surfaces. The results independently support a sustained antiviral effect imparted from these treated surfaces by both SARS-CoV-2 virion destruction and degradation of viral RNA. These preliminary results indicate the SiQAC-18 treated surfaces could play an important role in mitigating the communicability and fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
EFFECT OF STOVER FRACTION ON GLUCOSE PRODUCTION USING ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS (2004)

Corn stover was fractionated into three fractions: cobs, stalks, and leaves and husks. The fractions were dried andground through a 2 mm screen. Samples of the three fractions and whole corn stover with and without NaOH pretreatmentwere subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in order to determine the effect of fractionation on glucose production. The averageamounts of glucose released after 60 h of hydrolysis from pretreated cobs, leaves and husks, stalks, and whole stover were0.50, 0.36, 0.28, and 0.36 g/g dry biomass, respectively. The average amounts of glucose released after 60 h of hydrolysisfrom nonpretreated cobs, leaves and husks, stalks, and whole stover were 0.32, 0.23, 0.17, and 0.20 g/g dry biomass, respectively.Pretreatment resulted in an average increase of 60% in glucose production for all fractions and whole stover. The effectof stover fraction type on glucose production was significant with and without pretreatment. By collecting the fractions ofthe corn stover with the highest glucose potential (all the cobs and 74% of the leaves and husks) and leaving the remainingfraction (26% of the leaves and husks, and all the stalks) in the field for erosion control, the glucose potential of the collectedbiomass would increase by 21%. This could represent a decrease of up to 17% in the cost of ethanol production. This indicatesthat fractionation and collection of the biomass with the highest glucose potential may produce a higher quality feedstockfor glucose production.
Sol-gel like chemistry in supercritical fluids for advanced nanostructured ceramics (2019)

Invited talk
A STRICTER STANDARD FOR CRASH BARRIERS (2004)

Terrorist attacks often occur in the form of a bomb-laden car or truck. The ASTM Committee on Security Systems and Equipment is developing a new standard for anti-ram barriers to stop vehicles from crashing and intruding into protected areas. The new standard will address performance specifications and broaden some test parameters to accommodate more test vehicles and anticipated impact scenarios. The committee is also evaluating test reporting and instrumentation requirements. Different types of barriers are necessary to meet the unique needs of facilities around the word. Because of the diversity of locations in which barriers are used, each facility will be able to choose the barriers that are most appropriate for its unique situation once the new standard is approved. Since barriers are also used in roadside safety applications to protect both drivers and the infrastructure, the committee will also likely recommend that barriers being evaluated for safety performance be tested to safety standards currently in place for such devices.
Abbreviation generation for Japanese multi-word expressions (2009)

This paper proposes a novel method for generating Japanese abbreviations from their full forms with the Log-Linear Model (LLM) in order to take advantage of characteristic patterns of Japanese abbreviation. Our experimental results show that the method is effective for TV program titles that contain colloquial expressions. The proposed method achieved 78.8% recall for the top 30 candidates, whereas a baseline method using Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) achieved 68.3% recall. Moreover, from the results of experiments using six data sets classified according to types of character and semantic categories, we show that each performance of the above two methods depends on the types of the full forms.
Molecular Mechanisms of Interaction of Rabbit CAP18 with Outer Membranes of Gram-Negative Bacteria (1999)

The mechanism of interaction of the cationic antimicrobial protein (18 kDa), CAP18, with the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria was investigated applying transmission electron microscopy and voltage-clamp techniques on artificial planar bilayer membranes. Electron micrographs of bacterial cells exposed to CAP18 showed damage to the outer membrane of the sensitive Escherichia coli strains F515 and ATCC 11775, whereas the membrane of the resistant Proteus mirabilis strain R45 remained intact. Electrical measurements on various planar asymmetric bilayer membranes, one side consisting of a phospholipid mixture and the other of different phospholipids or of lipopolysaccharide (reconstitution model of the outer membrane), yielded information about the influence of CAP18 on membrane integrity. Addition of CAP18 to the side with the varying lipid composition led to lipid-specific adsorption of CAP18 and subsequent induction of current fluctuations due to the formation of transient membrane lesions at a lipid-specific clamp voltage. We propose that the applied clamp voltage leads to reorientation of CAP18 molecules adsorbed to the bilayer into an active transmembrane configuration, allowing the formation of lesions by multimeric clustering.
Fielding of the On-Axis Diagnostic Package at Z (1998)

The authors have developed a comprehensive diagnostic package for observing z-pinch radiation along the pinch axis on the Z accelerator. The instrumentation, which was fielded on the axial package, are x-ray diagnostics requiring direct lines of sight to the target. The diagnostics require vacuum access to the center of the accelerator. The environment is a hostile one, where one must deal with an intense, energetic photon flux (>100 keV), EMP, debris (e.g. bullets or shrapnel), and mechanical shock in order for the diagnostics to survive. In addition, practical constraints require the package be refurbished and utilized on a once a day shot schedule. In spite of this harsh environment, the authors have successfully fielded the diagnostic package with a high survivability of the data and the instruments. In this paper, they describe the environment and issues related to the re-entrant diagnostic package`s implementation and maintenance.
Humanitarian Needs as a Fundamental Effect On The Design Of The Libyan Dwelling (2020)

The concept of humanitarian needs is a broad and comprehensive concept, a concept of relative quality associated with dynamic time and space, it must be satisfying the requirements and needs of the individual even feel good and positive behaviors toward pursues its environment and society. Humanitarian needs arising from the constant interaction between internal human motives and method and data environment. If the basic needs of man is the subsistence level and necessity, but to rise in peace must satisfy other levels, are social and psychological necessities which include security, respect, participation, and other needs. Humanitarian needs are for users of the most important criteria that must be considered in the design process, but at the same time is one of the toughest such standards, requiring additional time and effort to study social and cultural characteristics of the users, and immaterial nature makes the measure represents extremely difficult. In this research will examine the concept of humanitarian needs and characteristics and classification requirements associated with the design of housing, in addition to the epidemiology of these needs and focus on the design goals and its relationship to human needs. And then figure out the relationship between human needs and the design process to identify needs for housing design
Novel hydroxyl dendrimer‐based PET tracer [18F]OP‐801 detects early‐stage neuroinflammation in 5XFAD mouse model with higher sensitivity than TSPO‐PET (2022)

Abstract Background Chronic activation of macrophages/microglia plays a critical role in the onset and progression of neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s. While PET imaging could enable non‐invasive visualization and quantification of activated macrophages/microglia in vivo , most available PET tracers are nonspecific for macrophages/microglia (Lambert, 2009). To address this need, we developed [ 18 F]OP‐801, a synthetic hydroxyl dendrimer‐based PET tracer that is selectively (&gt;95%) taken up by reactive macrophages/microglia across the blood‐brain barrier (Alnasser, 2018). Here, we evaluated the ability of [ 18 F]OP‐801 to detect activated macrophages/microglia in the 5XFAD murine model of Alzheimer’s compared to an established neuroinflammation imaging approach (translocator protein 18 kDa [TSPO]‐PET, using [ 18 F]GE180). Method [ 18 F]OP‐801 (150‐250 μCi) was injected intravenously into female 5XFAD (TG) mice (n=12) and age/sex‐matched wild types (WT, n=7) at 3.75 and 5 months old. Sensitivity of [ 18 F]OP‐801 was compared to [ 18 F]GE180 by assessing brain signal‐to‐background ratios. [ 18 F]GE180 (150‐250 μCi) was administered to a subset of TG (n=5) and WT (n=4) 3.75‐months‐old mice. Static 10‐minute PET/CT images were acquired at 50‐60 minutes post‐injection for both tracers. VivoQuant brain atlas was fit to CT images and fused to PET to quantify uptake in specific brain regions. Result In this model, macrophage/microglial activation is associated with amyloid plaque formation and can be detected using immunohistochemistry between 2‐4 months. Image quantification revealed 3‐fold higher PET signal in 3.75‐months‐old TG compared to WT mice using [ 18 F]OP‐801, whereas [ 18 F]GE180 signal provided no significant difference in brain regions known to contain activated microglia: cortex and hippocampus ( Figure 1, Table 1 ). Significant differences in [ 18 F]OP‐801 uptake were observed between 5‐months‐old TG and WT mice in cortex (p=0.005) (TG: 0.26±0.095%ID/g, WT: 0.11±0.041%ID/g), hippocampus (p=0.017) (TG: 0.18±0.065%ID/g, WT: 0.10±0.026%ID/g) and whole brain (p=0.004) (TG: 0.20±0.082%ID/g, WT: 0.10±0.039%ID/g). TG had almost 5‐fold higher [ 18 F]OP‐801 signal compared to WT mice ( Table 2 ). Conclusion These results suggest that [ 18 F]OP‐801 can detect early stage neuroinflammation with higher sensitivity than TSPO‐PET. We are currently replicating this study in a larger cohort of 5XFAD mice to correlate PET image findings with immunohistochemistry. [ 18 F]OP‐801 is shows promise for visualizing the progression of neuroinflammation with high specificity and sensitivity, warranting further preclinical investigation.
Abstract 10856: Artificial Intelligence-Guided Screening for Atrial Fibrillation Using the Electrocardiogram in Sinus Rhythm (2022)

Introduction: Prior AF screening trials demonstrated low yield, highlighting the need for more targeted approaches. An AI algorithm was developed to identify ECG signatures of AF risk during normal sinus rhythm, which has been validated in diverse external populations. Hypothesis: An AI-guided, targeted screening approach could improve the diagnosis of AF. Methods We conducted a pragmatic decentralized trial to prospectively recruit patients with stroke risk factors but no prior AF. The AI algorithm was applied to the ECGs performed in routine practice and divided patients into high- or low-risk groups. The primary endpoint was AF lasting ≥ 30 seconds on a subsequent 30-day continuous cardiac rhythm monitor. In a secondary analysis, trial participants were 1:1 propensity score-matched to real-world controls derived from the eligible but unenrolled population. Results A total of 1,003 patients from 40 U.S. states completed the study, with a mean age of 74 [SD 8.8] years. Over a mean of 22.3 days of continuous monitoring, AF was detected in 6 (1.6%) of low-risk patients and 48 (7.6%) of high-risk patients (OR 4.98 [2.11-11.75], p&lt;0.001). Compared to usual care, AI-guided AF screening was associated with increased detection of AF (high-risk group: 4.2% vs. 11.1%, p&lt;0.001; low-risk group: 0.9% vs. 2.4%, p=0.12) over a median follow-up of 10 months. Conclusions A prospective pragmatic study found that the AI a can risk-stratify a relatively uniform population (i.e., older adults at risk for stroke) to detect AF during short-term cardiac monitoring. Furthermore, when compared with usual care, AI-guided cardiac monitoring was associated with increased AF detection. As such, an AI-guided AF screening approach, leveraging existing EHR data and infrastructure, could be effective, patient-centered, and massively scalable, thereby reducing unnecessary health utilization and diagnosis-related anxiety (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04208971).
Experimental Realization of Topology-Optimized InP Photonic Cavities with Extreme Dielectric Confinement (2021)

We experimentally realized InP topology-optimized cavities with extreme dielectric confinement, showing ultra-small mode volume and high quality-factor. Such cavities are promising for many applications, e.g. low-noise nanolasers.
Influence of linear and branched perfluoroalkylated side chains on the π–π stacking behaviour of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and thermotropic properties (2013)

The thermotropic properties and self-assembly of two different series of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes (HBC) bearing either linear or branched perfluoroalkylated side chains, each with a wide range of alkyl spacer and perfluorinated tail lengths, have been studied. Correlations between thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, polarised optical microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments revealed, as expected, that the transition temperatures and phase stability are influenced by the determining roles of the aliphatic spacer length and odd/even nature, as well as the size and structure (linear vs. bifurcation) of the perfluorinated sections. Most of the investigated HBC derivatives showed a single-column hexagonal columnar phase, where the columns are structured by a double segregation process between HBC aromatic cores and aliphatic spacers, on the one hand, and between aliphatic spacers and fluorinated tails, on the other hand. For the derivatives with long linear spacers, cores of untilted or quasi-untilted HBC stacks are surrounded by a cylindrical aliphatic envelope segregated from the fluorinated periphery, whereas for those with shorter linear spacers, the same structure is kept, except that the aliphatic envelope deviates from cylindricality and causes a symmetry break to rectangular envelope for the first term of the series. Of the four HBC with branched spacers, two are amorphous, whereas a columnar phase is maintained for the other two derivatives, but with tilted HBC stacks. Consequently, the evolution of the polymorphism in the series could be correlated with the variation of both interface areas.
Unveiling the miRNAs responsive to physical activity/exercise training in cancer: A systematic review (2022)

Physical activity/exercise induces beneficial effects in the cancer prevention, prognosis and treatments. Among the miRNAs modulated by physical activity/exercise, miR-21, let-7 and miR-133 families resulted the most promising in this field.
BackTrack: 2D Back-of-device Interaction Through Front Touchscreen (2021)

We present BackTrack, a trackpad placed on the back of a smartphone to track fine-grained finger motions. Our system has a small form factor, with all the circuits encapsulated in a thin layer attached to a phone case. It can be used with any off-the-shelf smartphone, requiring no power supply or modification of the operating systems. BackTrack simply extends the finger tracking area of the front screen, without interrupting the use of the front screen. It also provides a switch to prevent unintentional touch on the trackpad. All these features are enabled by a battery-free capacitive circuit, part of which is a transparent, thin-film conductor coated on a thin glass and attached to the front screen. To ensure accurate and robust tracking, the capacitive circuits are carefully designed. Our design is based on a circuit model of capacitive touchscreens, justified through both physics-based finite-element simulation and controlled laboratory experiments. We conduct user studies to evaluate the performance of using BackTrack. We also demonstrate its use in a number of smartphone applications.
Parenteral Vaccination With a Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccine in Presence of Retinoic Acid Provides Early but Transient Protection to M. Tuberculosis Infection (2019)

Most microbes invading through mucosal surfaces cause disease and therefore strategies to induce mucosal immune responses are strongly needed. Vitamin A metabolites, such as retinoic acid (RA), play crucial roles in programming T and B cells to home to mucosal compartments, therefore we evaluated the capacity of RA to elicit mucosal immune responses against tuberculosis (TB) after parenteral vaccination. We found that mice immunized through subcutaneous injections with the TB subunit vaccine (CAF01+H56) in presence of RA show enhanced mucosal H56-specific IgA responses and enhanced Ag-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes homing to the lung as compared with control mice. Immunization with CAF01+H56 in presence of RA resulted in lower bacterial loads in the lungs of mice 14 days after challenge with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) as compared to mice immunized in the absence of RA or vaccinated with BCG. Higher amounts of IFNγ and IL-17 pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in lung homogenates of mice immunized with CAF01+H56 and RA 24 h after Mtb infection. However, 6 weeks after infection the protection was comparable in vaccinated mice with or without RA even though treatment with RA during immunization is able to better contain the inflammatory response by the host. Furthermore, at later stage of the infection a higher percentage of Mtb specific CD4<sup>+</sup>PD1<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes were found in the lungs of mice immunized with CAF01+H56 and RA. These data show that an enhanced mucosal immune response is generated during parenteral vaccination in presence of RA. Furthermore, RA treatment contained the bacterial growth at an early stage of the infection and limited the inflammatory response in the lung at later time points.
Transcriptome 3′end organization by PCF11 links alternative polyadenylation to formation and neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma (2018)

Diversification at the transcriptome 3'end is an important and evolutionarily conserved layer of gene regulation associated with differentiation and dedifferentiation processes. Here, we identify extensive transcriptome 3'end-alterations in neuroblastoma, a tumour entity with a paucity of recurrent somatic mutations and an unusually high frequency of spontaneous regression. Utilising extensive RNAi-screening we reveal the landscape and drivers of transcriptome 3'end-diversification, discovering PCF11 as critical regulator, directing alternative polyadenylation (APA) of hundreds of transcripts including a differentiation RNA-operon. PCF11 shapes inputs converging on WNT-signalling, and governs cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis and neurodifferentiation. Postnatal PCF11 down-regulation induces a neurodifferentiation program, and low-level PCF11 in neuroblastoma associates with favourable outcome and spontaneous tumour regression. Our findings document a critical role for APA in tumorigenesis and describe a novel mechanism for cell fate reprogramming in neuroblastoma with potentially important clinical implications. We provide an interactive data repository of transcriptome-wide APA covering > 170 RNAis, and an APA-network map with regulatory hubs.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Generation and Increased Reactivity in Cationic Gold via Broensted Acid or Lewis Acid Assisted Activation of an Imidogold Precatalyst. (2014)

Abstract Imido gold precatalysts activated by Broensted or Lewis acids are excellent catalysts applicable for most common gold‐catalyzed reactions.
Procalcitonin predicts patients at low risk of death from community-acquired pneumonia across all CRB-65 classes (2007)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value, in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), of procalcitonin (PCT) compared with the established inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocyte (WBC) count alone or in combination with the CRB-65 (confusion, respiratory rate >or=30 breaths x min(-1), low blood pressure (systolic value <90 mmHg or diastolic value <or=60 mmHg) and age >or=65 yrs) score. In total, 1,671 patients with proven CAP were enrolled in the study. PCT, CRP, WBC and CRB-65 score were all determined on admission and patients were followed-up for 28 days for survival. In contrast to CRP and WBC, PCT levels markedly increased with the severity of CAP, as measured by the CRB-65 score. In 70 patients who died during follow-up, PCT levels on admission were significantly higher compared with levels in survivors. In receiver operating characteristic analysis for survival, the area under the curve (95% confidence interval) for PCT and CRB-65 was comparable (0.80 (0.75-0.84) versus 0.79 (0.74-0.84)), but each significantly higher compared with CRP (0.62 (0.54-0.68)) and WBC (0.61 (0.54-0.68)). PCT identified low-risk patients across CRB classes 0-4. In conclusion, procalcitonin levels on admission predict the severity and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia with a similar prognostic accuracy as the CRB-65 score and a higher prognostic accuracy compared with C-reactive protein and leukocyte count. Procalcitonin levels can provide independent identification of patients at low risk of death within CRB-65 (confusion, respiratory rate >or=30 breaths x min(-1), low blood pressure (systolic value <90 mmHg or diastolic value <or=60 mmHg) and age >or=65 yrs) risk classes.
Multifunctional Energy Storage Composites for SHM Distributed Sensor Networks (2015)

SHM-based structures with embedded sensors and hardware have posed a great demand in distributed, in-situ power sources. This paper introduces the novel Multifunctional-Energy-Storage Composites (MES Composites) which highlights a unique integration technique for embedding lithium-ion battery materials in structural carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymers (CFRP). Unlike standard lithium-ion pouch cells, the MES Composites maximizes material utilization by using CFRP facesheets to house the electrochemistry. Through-thickness polymer reinforcements are implemented to allow load transfer between the two facesheets, analogous to the sandwich structure construction. A feasibility study and preliminary characterization have been completed and have shown that the same electrochemical performance as a standard Li-ion cell could be maintained, while achieving high bending rigidity. doi: 10.12783/SHM2015/276