gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications (2021)

Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees that exhibits antimicrobial, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activity. Its use is common in functional foods, cosmetics and traditional medicine despite the fact that it demonstrates low extraction yields and inconsistency in non-toxic solvents. In this work, a new encapsulation and delivery system consisting of liposomes and cyclodextrins incorporating propolis polyphenols has been developed and characterized. The antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiaging properties of the system under normal and UVB-induced oxidative stress conditions were investigated in cultured skin cells and/or reconstituted skin model. Furthermore, the transcript accumulation for an array of genes involved in many skin-related processes was studied. The system exhibits significant polyphenol encapsulation efficiency, physicochemical stability as well as controlled release rate in appropriate conditions. The delivery system can retain the anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative and anti-ageing effects of propolis polyphenols to levels similar and comparable to those of propolis methanolic extracts, making the system ideal for applications where non-toxic solvents are required and controlled release of the polyphenol content is desired.
Successive-signal biasing for a learned sound sequence (2010)

Adult rats were trained to detect the occurrence of a two-element sound sequence in a background of nine other nontarget sound pairs. Training resulted in a modest, enduring, static expansion of the cortical areas of representation of both target stimulus sounds. More importantly, once the initial stimulus A in the target A-B sequence was presented, the cortical "map" changed dynamically, specifically to exaggerate further the representation of the "anticipated" stimulus B. If B occurred, it was represented over a larger cortical area by more strongly excited, more coordinated, and more selectively responding neurons. This biasing peaked at the expected time of B onset with respect to A onset. No dynamic biasing of responses was recorded for any sound presented in a nontarget pair. Responses to nontarget frequencies flanking the representation of B were reduced in area and in response strength only after the presentation of A at the expected time of B onset. This study shows that cortical areas are not representationally static but, to the contrary, can be biased moment by moment in time as a function of behavioral context.
KPT‐330 inhibitor of CRM1 (XPO1)‐mediated nuclear export has selective anti‐leukaemic activity in preclinical models of T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and acute myeloid leukaemia (2013)

This study explored the anti-leukaemic efficacy of novel irreversible inhibitors of the major nuclear export receptor, chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1, also termed XPO1). We found that these novel CRM1 antagonists, termed SINE (Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export), induced rapid apoptosis at low nanomolar concentrations in a panel of 14 human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) cell lines representing different molecular subtypes of the disease. To assess in vivo anti-leukaemia cell activity, we engrafted immunodeficient mice intravenously with the human T-ALL MOLT-4 cells, which harbour activating mutations of NOTCH1 and NRAS as well as loss of function of the CDKN2A, PTEN and TP53 tumour suppressors and express a high level of oncogenic transcription factor TAL1. Importantly, we examined the in vivo anti-leukaemic efficacy of the clinical SINE compound KPT-330 against T-ALL and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells. These studies demonstrated striking in vivo activity of KPT-330 against T-ALL and AML cells, with little toxicity to normal murine haematopoietic cells. Taken together, our results show that SINE CRM1 antagonists represent promising 'first-in-class' drugs with a novel mechanism of action and wide therapeutic index, and imply that drugs of this class show promise for the targeted therapy of T-ALL and AML.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Novel Bispecific, Trivalent Antibody Construct for Targeting Pancreatic Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from A Novel Bispecific, Trivalent Antibody Construct for Targeting Pancreatic Carcinoma
Physiologic Monitoring Alarm Load on Medical/Surgical Floors of a Community Hospital (2011)

1) Standard critical care alarm limits appear be too sensitive for subacute care areas of the hospital. 2) For most patients these alarm limits do not create a significant alarm load; however, for a small number of patients they cause a significant alarm load. 3) Alarm loads can be controlled with alarm limit settings appropriate to the population. 4) Current technology for HR and SpO(2) appear suitable for continuous monitoring of this population.
Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Murine Cell Lines Derived from <i>Pten</i> Null Prostate Cancer Show the Critical Role of PTEN in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer Development (2023)

Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Murine Cell Lines Derived from &lt;i&gt;Pten&lt;/i&gt; Null Prostate Cancer Show the Critical Role of PTEN in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer Development
Computer-Extracted Texture Features to Distinguish Cerebral Radionecrosis from Recurrent Brain Tumors on Multiparametric MRI: A Feasibility Study (2016)

Our preliminary results suggest that radiomic features may provide complementary diagnostic information on routine MR imaging sequences that may improve the distinction of radiation necrosis from recurrence for both primary and metastatic brain tumors.
Electrochemical synthesis of biobased polymers and polymer building blocks from vanillin (2021)

Vanillin, one of the few biobased aromatic compounds available on an industrial level, is an attractive candidate for the synthesis of biobased polymers and polymer building blocks. This study presents a detailed investigation of the reductive electrochemical coupling process by pinacolization of vanillin and divanillin in an electrochemical H-type cell setup to the polymer building block hydrovanilloin and to polyvanillin, respectively. Therein, different cathode materials are screened by linear sweep voltammetry for their capability and activity of hydrodimerization of phenolic aromatic aldehydes in alkaline aqueous media. Product distributions and faradaic efficiencies of the electrochemical vanillin reduction are investigated in bulk electrolysis experiments. Dependencies on electrochemical parameters such as current densities, applied charges and cathode materials are studied. Furthermore, the polyvanillin synthesis from divanillin is also investigated by bulk electrolysis experiments. The effects of selected electrochemical parameters (current density, applied charge and electrode material) on yield and structural features (weight-average molecular weight (<i>M</i> <sub>W</sub>), number-average molecular weight (<i>M</i> <sub>N</sub>), polydispersity (<i>M</i> <sub>W</sub>/<i>M</i> <sub>N</sub>)) measured by size exclusion chromatography of the obtained polyvanillin were evaluated. Structural features of isolated polyvanillin were determined by 2D-NMR (HSQC, <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>1</sup>H) analyses and by <sup>31</sup>P-NMR analyses after <i>in situ</i> labeling with Cl-TMDP and possible pathways for their generation are discussed. These two promising electro-synthetic processes studied are free of hazardous materials and reagents and highlight the contributions of preparative electrochemistry to green chemistry and further pave the way toward the application of electrochemistry in the synthesis of biobased building blocks and polymers.
Controlling Internal Pore Sizes in Bicontinuous Polymeric Nanospheres (2015)

Complex polymeric nanospheres were formed in water from comb-like amphiphilic block copolymers. Their internal morphology was determined by three-dimensional cryo-electron tomographic analysis. Varying the polymer molecular weight (MW) and the hydrophilic block weight content allowed for fine control over the internal structure. Construction of a partial phase diagram allowed us to determine the criteria for the formation of bicontinuous polymer nanosphere (BPN), namely for copolymers with MW of up to 17 kDa and hydrophilic weight fractions of ≤0.25; and varying the organic solvent to water ratio used in their preparation allowed for control over nanosphere diameters from 70 to 460 nm. Significantly, altering the block copolymer hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance enabled control of the internal pore diameter of the BPNs from 10 to 19 nm.
Collaborative nowcasting of COVID-19 hospitalization incidences in Germany (2023)

Abstract Real-time surveillance is a crucial element in the response to infectious disease outbreaks. However, the interpretation of incidence data is often hampered by delays occurring at various stages of data gathering and reporting. As a result, recent values are biased downward, which obscures current trends. Statistical nowcasting techniques can be employed to correct these biases, allowing for accurate characterization of recent developments and thus enhancing situational awareness. In this paper, we present a preregistered real-time assessment of eight nowcasting approaches, applied by independent research teams to German 7-day hospitalization incidences. This indicator played an important role in the management of the pandemic in Germany and was linked to levels of non-pharmaceutical interventions via certain thresholds. Due to its definition, in which hospitalization counts are aggregated by the date of case report rather than admission, German hospitalization incidences are particularly affected by delays and can take several weeks or months to fully stabilize. For this study, all methods were applied from 22 November 2021 to 29 April 2022, with probabilistic nowcasts produced each day for the current and 28 preceding days. Nowcasts at the national, state, and age-group levels were collected in the form of quantiles in a public repository and displayed in a dashboard. Moreover, a mean and a median ensemble nowcast were generated. We find that overall, the compared methods were able to remove a large part of the biases introduced by delays. Most participating teams underestimated the importance of very long delays, though, resulting in nowcasts with a slight downward bias. The accompanying uncertainty intervals were also too narrow for almost all methods. Averaged over all nowcast horizons, the best performance was achieved by a model using case incidences as a covariate and taking into account longer delays than the other approaches. For the most recent days, which are often considered the most relevant in practice, a mean ensemble of the submitted nowcasts performed best. We conclude by providing some lessons learned on the definition of nowcasting targets and practical challenges.
Influence of the number of elongated fiducial markers on the localization accuracy of the prostate (2012)

Implanting fiducial markers for localization purposes has become an accepted practice in radiotherapy for prostate cancer. While many correction strategies correct for translations only, advanced correction protocols also require knowledge of the rotation of the prostate. For this purpose, typically, three or more markers are implanted. Elongated fiducial markers provide more information about their orientation than traditional round or cylindrical markers. Potentially, fewer markers are required. In this study, we evaluate the effect of the number of elongated markers on the localization accuracy of the prostate. To quantify the localization error, we developed a model that estimates, at arbitrary locations in the prostate, the registration error caused by translational and rotational uncertainties of the marker registration. Every combination of one, two and three markers was analysed for a group of 24 patients. The average registration errors at the prostate surface were 0.3-0.8 mm and 0.4-1 mm for registrations on, respectively, three markers and two markers located on different sides of the prostate. Substantial registration errors (2.0-2.2 mm) occurred at the prostate surface contralateral to the markers when two markers were implanted on the same side of the prostate or only one marker was used. In conclusion, there is no benefit in using three elongated markers: two markers accurately localize the prostate if they are implanted at some distance from each other.
Persistent gating deficit and increased sensitivity to NMDA receptor antagonism after puberty in a new mouse model of the human 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome: a study in male mice (2016)

The Df(h22q11)/+ model will be a valuable tool for increasing our understanding of the etiology of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders associated with the 22q11DS.
Problem Statement Regarding Limitations of the Sockets API for IPv6 Address Usage (2018)

This identifies gaps that currently prevent systems and applications
from leveraging the increased flexibility and availability of IPv6
addresses.
Encrypted Application Classification with Convolutional Neural Network (2020)

Encrypted application classification (EAC) has become an emerging and challenging task for network monitoring and management, and statistical-based approaches are less impacted by encrypted streams. However, much effort is required from domain experts to handcraft statistical features. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an end-to-end encrypted application classification framework (E2E-EACF) based on one dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN). Only encrypted payload (EncP) and inter-arrival time (IAT) are required by the framework to classify encrypted flows. Experimental results denmonstrate that E2E-EACF can achieve more than 91.00% accuracy and 0.92 F1 score (the harmonic average of precision and recall) on a public dataset (WRCCDC), better than classical machine learning algorithms (e.g., decision tree and support vector machine).
Efficient Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Additions of Alkylzinc Reagents to Aromatic and Aliphatic Acyclic Nitroalkenes (2004)

An efficient and highly enantioselective (up to 95% ee) Cu-catalyzed method for asymmetric conjugate addition (ACA) of alkylzinc reagents to acyclic disubstituted nitroalkenes is presented. Reactions are typically effected at ambient temperature in the presence of 2 mol % chiral dipeptide phosphine and 1 mol % (CuOTf)(2).C(6)H(6). Nitroalkenes bearing aromatic as well as aliphatic substituents readily undergo asymmetric additions. [reaction: see text]
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Catalytic Synthesis Using the Combination of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen: Catalytic Chess at the Interface of Energy and Chemistry (2016)

Abstract Review: [253 refs.
Efficient method for expressing transgenes in nonhuman primate embryos using a stable episomal vector* (2002)

Transgenesis in the nonhuman primate can enhance the study of human biology by providing animal models for the study of primate-specific physiology, pathophysiology, and embryonic development. Progress with this technology has been hindered by the inherent inefficiency of transgenesis, transgene silencing, and practical restrictions on the production of sufficient pronuclear stage nonhuman primate zygotes. We have developed a novel technique using an Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-based episomal vector to produce rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) embryos expressing a transgene. Plasmid DNA containing the latent origin of replication, oriP, and Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1 (EBNA-1) of EBV, as well as a CMV IE-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression cassette, was introduced into rhesus embryos by direct pronuclear microinjection. We detected eGFP in early cleavage stage embryos (4-8 cell) and throughout the duration of culture (day 8-9 blastocysts) by epifluorescent microscopy. A 50% transduction rate was obtained with the EBV-based vector. Microinjected embryos expressed eGFP and retained their developmental capacity as evidenced by development to the blastocyst stage. EBV-based vectors present a novel and efficient means of delivering transgenes for the study of the molecular control of primate embryonic development.
The Radiographic Evaluation of Keeled and Pegged Glenoid Component Insertion (2002)

Perfectly cementing and seating a glenoid replacement is a difficult task. Radiolucencies and incomplete component seating occur more frequently in association with keeled components compared with pegged components. Surgeon experience may be an important variable in the achievement of a good technical outcome.
Molecular cloning of an oncogene from a human hepatocellular carcinoma. (1986)

A transforming DNA, named lca (for liver cancer), was obtained from a primary human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in transformation assays using NIH 3T3 cells and a calcium phosphate coprecipitation method. High molecular weight DNA obtained from the HCC tissue was employed for this purpose. This transforming DNA had a linkage to the Alu sequence and was cloned in lambda phage for further studies. Restriction enzyme analyses showed that the minimal size of the lca transforming DNA is about 10 kilobase pairs and that its cleavage profiles are different from those of any one of the previously reported human transforming genes or retroviral oncogenes. No cross-hybridization was observed between these genes and the lca DNA. Southern blot analyses of DNAs from flow-sorted human chromosomes and human-mouse somatic cell hybrids indicated that the lca DNA is located on human chromosome 2. An independently obtained transforming DNA from another HCC exhibited identical restriction enzyme cleavage profiles. Thus, lca DNA is likely to represent a commonly encountered transforming DNA in HCC.
Naphthalimide end-capped diphenylacetylene: a versatile organic semiconductor for blue light emitting diodes and a donor or an acceptor for solar cells (2019)

A novel compound <bold>NAI-PVP-NAI</bold> was utilized as a blue emissive layer for organic light emitting diodes and as an acceptor and a donor for organic solar cells.
A Conductive Polymeric Material Used for Nanospray Needle and Low-Flow Sheathless Electrospray Ionization Applications (2001)

A conductive polypropylene/graphite mixture is used for the production of polymeric nanospray needle emitters and as a coating on fused-silica capillaries that are used for sheathless electrospray ionization (ESI). The described production of these polymeric nanospray needle emitters and sheathless ESI contacts is exceptionally easy and at a very low cost. The described polymeric nanospray emitters have shown excellent features regarding their chemical inertness and spray performance. The long-term stability of the nanospray needles exceeds 24 h of continuous use. Furthermore, the resistance to electrical discharges, which is one of the factors that often limits the lifetime of metal coated tips, has proven to be outstanding. A voltage of up to 5 kV could be applied without loss of spray performance. The use of polypropylene emitters offers a number of desirable features, as compared to silica based emitters. Among these features are mechanical flexibility and simplified regeneration of the nanospray needle. Continuous nanospray of peptides and proteins in conjunction with orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry are shown with signal relative standard deviations of 5%. In addition, the polypropylene/graphite mixture has also been applied as the conductive contact for sheathless ESI in fast capillary electrophoresis separations.
Volumetric restoration of tuned-aperture computed tomography (2003)

Analytic determination of the 3D PSF of a tomosynthetic image volume allows us to solve the ill-posed inverse problem of recovering an image volume from a nonspecific orientation of projection views. To restore these inherently blurred images from tuned-aperture reconstructed volumes, we consider three approaches; direct inversion via 3D Wiener filter restoration, regularized iterative 3D conjugate gradient least squares, and regularized nonlinear iterative 3D modified residual norm steepest descent with nonnegativity constraints. From these tests we infer that all three methods produce adequate restorations, while the nonlinear, nonnegatively constrained iterative algorithm appears to produce especially good restorations for this problem in an efficient and stable way.
Concepts for Hybrid Audio Coding Schemes Based on Parametric Techniques (1998)

Recently an audio coding technique based on a signal representation by parameters describing harmonic tones, individual sinusoidal components and noise components has been presented, which shows its highest efficiency at very low bit rates. In this paper concepts for combination with other techniques for extending the applicability at higher bit rates and for improving the quality in the presence of speech are presented. 1 Introduction A recently presented object based analysis/synthesis audio coder for very low bit rates is based on a signal representation which describes different components of an audio signal by appropriate parameter sets [1]. Together with transform coding and speech coding techniques it has been integrated in the MPEG-4 Audio development [2]. For harmonic tones the most important parameters are the fundamental frequency and the amplitudes of the partials. Individual sinusoidal components are represented by their frequencies and amplitudes, while noise components ...
A phase III, randomized, double-blind study of adjuvant cemiplimab versus placebo post-surgery and radiation therapy (RT) in patients (pts) with high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). (2020)

TPS10084 Background: CSCC is the second most common skin cancer. While the surgical cure rate for CSCC is &gt; 95%, a proportion of pts are considered to have high risk for recurrence as assessed by immune status, primary disease stage, extent of nodal involvement, presence of extracapsular extension, and prior treatment. Post-operative RT is recommended for pts with high-risk features, but relapse with locoregional recurrence or distant metastases may still occur. This study evaluates the efficacy of cemiplimab, a human anti‒PD-1 monoclonal antibody, as an adjuvant therapy for pts with CSCC with high-risk features, after surgery and RT. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter, Phase 3 study will evaluate cemiplimab as an adjuvant treatment for pts with high-risk CSCC, based on surgical and clinicopathologic findings, who have completed surgery and post-operative RT (NCT03969004). Immunocompromised pts were excluded. The trial will enrol 412 pts from about 100 sites in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific regions. Pts with at least one of the following high-risk features are eligible: a) nodal disease with extracapsular extension b) in-transit metastases c) T4 lesion d) perineural invasion, and e) recurrent CSCC with at least one other risk factor. In Part 1 (blinded), pts will be randomized 1:1 to receive cemiplimab 350 mg or placebo intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W) for up to 48 weeks. In optional Part 2 (unblinded), pts in the placebo arm who experience disease recurrence or pts in the cemiplimab arm who experience disease recurrence ≥3 months after completion of 48-week treatment in Part 1 will be eligible to receive open-label cemiplimab 350 mg Q3W for up to 96 weeks. Key objectives are to compare disease-free survival (primary) as well as overall survival, freedom from locoregional relapse, and distant relapse (secondary) of adjuvant cemiplimab vs placebo in pts with high-risk CSCC. This study is currently open for enrollment. Clinical trial information: NCT03969004.