gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of 20% scandium-doped aluminum nitride films for MEMS laterally vibrating resonators (2017)

This paper reports on the investigation of 1 μm thick films of 20% Scandium-doped Aluminum Nitride (ScAlN) for the making of piezoelectric MEMS laterally vibrating resonators (LVRs). The ScAlN films, which can be sputter-deposited such as undoped Aluminum Nitride (AlN) films, were used to demonstrate high performance resonators. These devices showed quality factor (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> ) in excess of 1000 in air centered around 250 and 500 MHz and enhanced electromechanical coupling (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) in the range of 3.2-4.5%. This k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is double the value of what has been achieved on similar resonators made out of AlN films. A 3-dB Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> of 1300 has been recorded both for 1-port and 2-port resonators at 250 and 500 MHz, while a maximum Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> of 1500 has been recorded for a 1-port resonator at 500 MHz. Along with experimental results from actual devices, this work also reports the etching characteristics of the piezoelectric material under Cl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /BCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> chemistry to attain high selectivity and straight sidewall with a SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> hard mask. More broadly, enhancement of resonators design and fabrication process, suppression of spurious modes and increase in the concentration of Sc (theoretically up to 40%) will lead to significant performance improvements for many classes of piezoelectric MEMS, especially tunable filters.
ChemInform Abstract: Sensing Characteristics and Working Mechanism of Four‐Probe Type Solid‐State Hydrogen Sensor Using Proton Conductor. (1989)

Abstract A four‐probe type electrochemical cell with a solid‐state proton conductor (Sb 2 O 5 ·4 H 2 O) sensor capable of detecting dilute hydrogen in air at room temp. is described in detail.
Cutinase Gene Disruption in Fusarium solani f sp pisi Decreases Its Virulence on Pea (1994)

Linda M. Rogers, Moshe A. Flaishman, Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, Cutinase Gene Disruption in Fusarium solani f sp pisi Decreases Its Virulence on Pea, The Plant Cell, Vol. 6, No. 7 (Jul., 1994), pp. 935-945
Redefining the boundaries of the hippocampal CA2 subfield in the mouse using gene expression and 3‐dimensional reconstruction (2005)

The morphology of neurons in the main divisions of the hippocampal complex allow the easy identification of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and pyramidal cells in the CA1 and CA3 regions of Ammon's horn. However, neurons in the CA2 subfield have been much more difficult to reliably identify. We have recently identified a set of genes whose expression is restricted to either the dentate gyrus, CA1, CA2, or CA3. Here we show that these genes have an essentially nonoverlapping distribution throughout the entire septotemporal extent of the hippocampus. 3-Dimensional reconstruction of serial sections processed for in situ hybridization of mannosidase 1, alpha (CA1), bcl-2-related ovarian killer protein (CA3), and Purkinje cell protein 4 (dentate gyrus+CA2) was used to define the boundaries of each subregion throughout the entire hippocampus. The boundaries observed for these three genes are recapitulated across a much larger set of genes similarly enriched in specific hippocampal subregions. The extent of CA2 defined on the basis of gene expression is somewhat larger than that previously described on the basis of structural anatomical criteria, particularly at the rostral pole of the hippocampus. These results indicate that, at least at the molecular level, there are robust, consistent genetic boundaries between hippocampal subregions CA1, CA2, CA3, and the dentate gyrus, allowing a redefinition of their boundaries in order to facilitate functional studies of different neuronal subtypes in the hippocampus.
Evaluating refined queries in top-k retrieval systems (2004)

In many applications, users specify target values for certain attributes/features without requiring exact matches to these values in return. Instead, the result is typically a ranked list of "top k" objects that best match the specified feature values. User subjectivity is an important aspect of such queries, i.e., which objects are relevant to the user and which are not depends on the perception of the user. Due to the subjective nature of top-k queries, the answers returned by the system to an user query often do not satisfy the users need right away, either because the weights and the distance functions associated with the features do not accurately capture the users perception or because the specified target values do not fully capture her information need or both. In such cases, the user would like to refine the query and resubmit it in order to get back a better set of answers. While there has been a lot of research on query refinement models, there is no work that we are aware of on supporting refinement of top-k queries efficiently in a database system. Done naively, each "refined" query can be treated as a "starting" query and evaluated from scratch. We explore alternative approaches that significantly improve the cost of evaluating refined queries by exploiting the observation that the refined queries are not modified drastically from one iteration to another. Our experiments over a real-life multimedia data set show that the proposed techniques save more than 80 percent of the execution cost of refined queries over the naive approach and is more than an order of magnitude faster than a simple sequential scan.
Mammary molecular portraits reveal lineage-specific features and progenitor cell vulnerabilities (2018)

The mammary epithelium depends on specific lineages and their stem and progenitor function to accommodate hormone-triggered physiological demands in the adult female. Perturbations of these lineages underpin breast cancer risk, yet our understanding of normal mammary cell composition is incomplete. Here, we build a multimodal resource for the adult gland through comprehensive profiling of primary cell epigenomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes. We define systems-level relationships between chromatin-DNA-RNA-protein states, identify lineage-specific DNA methylation of transcription factor binding sites, and pinpoint proteins underlying progesterone responsiveness. Comparative proteomics of estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive and -negative cell populations, extensive target validation, and drug testing lead to discovery of stem and progenitor cell vulnerabilities. Top epigenetic drugs exert cytostatic effects; prevent adult mammary cell expansion, clonogenicity, and mammopoiesis; and deplete stem cell frequency. Select drugs also abrogate human breast progenitor cell activity in normal and high-risk patient samples. This integrative computational and functional study provides fundamental insight into mammary lineage and stem cell biology.
Suppl Table S2 from Efficacy of Nivolumab in Pediatric Cancers with High Mutation Burden and Mismatch Repair Deficiency (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Results of time-dependent co-variate and landmark analyses at time-points 3 and 6 months of the trial&lt;/p&gt;
A portable, real-time vocoder: Technology and preliminary perceptual learning findings. (2011)

Transformed or vocoded acoustic signals paralleling the processing of cochlear implants have proven extremely useful for simulating aural perception in deaf CI users with normal hearing participants. The benefits of current perceptual studies with vocoded stimuli are limited, however, in their ecological validity and direct applicability to the everyday challenges faced by CI users. Normal hearing subjects listen for relatively short periods of time to isolated, prerecorded words or sentences; therefore, their perceptual learning occurs without the semantic context, visual support, and conversational interplay that normally accompanies spoken language use. In this paper, the development of a new device, which enables vocoded speech research to overcome many of these limitations, is described. This technology carries out vocoding signal transformations in real-time, with very short delays, and is small enough to fit in a participant’s pocket. The portable, real-time vocoder (PRTV) therefore allows subjects to experience vocoded acoustics while freely interacting with their environment and the people in it, potentially for extended periods of time. Preliminary investigation of perceptual learning with the PRTV has demonstrated its efficacy: improvements of up to 15% in open-set word recognition accuracy were found in 3 NH listeners after 1.5 h of interactive use.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reactions of Unsaturated Sulfones (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Whole exome sequencing (WES) in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts) with extraordinary responses to trastuzumab (T). (2015)

611 Background: While 50-70% of pts with HER2+ MBC treated with T respond to therapy, the vast majority eventually develop resistance, after a median duration of 1 year. In rare cases, pts have exceptionally long durations of response to T. Understanding mechanisms of exceptional responses to anticancer therapies may improve patient selection and rational treatment designs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective screen for pts with HER2+ MBC at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute treated with T in the metastatic setting for more than 60 months. To date, we have identified 3 pts with extraordinary responses to T who provided consent for genomic studies and had sufficient tumor tissue available for study. All pts had histologic confirmation of metastatic disease and radiologic confirmation of response. Deep WES was performed on DNA extracted from pre-trastuzumab tumor biopsies and matched normal blood samples from all 3 pts, and sequencing data was analyzed for somatic point mutations, small insertions/deletions, and copy number alterations. Results: Clinical features are summarized in the Table. Mean target coverage for tumor samples were 181X, 178X, and 191X. Total number of somatic coding mutations were 161, 67, and 156. Somatic copy number analysis demonstrated HER2 amplification in all 3 tumors. Additional somatic genomic alterations included alterations in known breast cancer genes TP53, MAP2K4, and RB1. Conclusions: WES in 3 pts with HER2+ MBC treated with T in the metastatic setting for > 60 months demonstrated HER2 amplification as well as additional somatic genomic alterations. WES on tumor and germline samples from additional pts with extraordinary responses to T are underway, which may improve the power to detect underlying mechanisms of exquisite sensitivity to T. Receptor Status Sites of disease Tumor purity Site of biopsy Treatment Response duration (months) 1 ER/PR negative, HER2 3+ (IHC) Lymph nodes (LN) 60% LN Trastuzmab-paclitaxel* 88 (Ongoing) 2 ER/PR negative, HER2 3+ (IHC) Skin/Chest wall, LN 40% LN Trastuzumab-lapatinib* 72 (Ongoing) 3 ER+( low) / PR negative, HER2 3+ (IHC) Bone, Liver 50% Breast Trastuzumab-epothilone* 100 (Ongoing) Followed by trastuzumab alone.
NeuManifold: Neural Watertight Manifold Reconstruction with Efficient and High-Quality Rendering Support (2023)

We present a method for generating high-quality watertight manifold meshes from multi-view input images. Existing volumetric rendering methods are robust in optimization but tend to generate noisy meshes with poor topology. Differentiable rasterization-based methods can generate high-quality meshes but are sensitive to initialization. Our method combines the benefits of both worlds; we take the geometry initialization obtained from neural volumetric fields, and further optimize the geometry as well as a compact neural texture representation with differentiable rasterizers. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our method can generate accurate mesh reconstructions with faithful appearance that are comparable to previous volume rendering methods while being an order of magnitude faster in rendering. We also show that our generated mesh and neural texture reconstruction is compatible with existing graphics pipelines and enables downstream 3D applications such as simulation. Project page: https://sarahweiii.github.io/neumanifold/
Ultrafast high energy amplifiers beyond the B-integral limit (2006)

High average power single-mode fiber lasers have attracted significant attention as alternatives to conventional solidstate lasers owing to their relative high brightness, compactness and robustness. Likewise the turn-key operation of industrially qualified ultrafast fiber oscillators is well established. In recent years the convergence of reliable ultrafast fiber oscillators, high brightness pump diodes and high power fiber amplifiers has enabled ultrafast fiber lasers to surpass ultrafast solid-state lasers in terms of average power. While fiber lasers have generally not been able to match the ultrashort pulse energies produced by solid-state lasers, careful management of nonlinearities can overcome the conventional B-integral limit of π thereby permitting stable operation of practical ultrafast fiber lasers with pulse energies approaching the milli-Joule level. Here we review modes of nonlinear propagation in fibers which have enabled increases in ultrashort pulse energies from nano-Joule to milli-Joule levels, namely: solitons, similaritons and cubicons. As an example of a practical high energy ultrafast fiber laser, we demonstrate a cubicon Yb fiber chirped pulse amplification system producing 550 fs pulses with 50 μJ at >15 W.
Imaging mass spectrometry demonstrates age-related decline in human adipose plasticity (2017)

Quantification of stable isotope tracers has revealed the dynamic state of living tissues. A new form of imaging mass spectrometry quantifies isotope ratios in domains much smaller than a cubic micron, enabling measurement of cell turnover and metabolism with stable isotope tracers at the single-cell level with a methodology we refer to as multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry. In a first-in-human study, we utilize stable isotope tracers of DNA synthesis and de novo lipogenesis to prospectively measure cell birth and adipocyte lipid turnover. In a study of healthy adults, we elucidate an age-dependent decline in new adipocyte generation and adipocyte lipid turnover. A linear regression model suggests that the aging effect could be mediated by a decline in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This study therefore establishes a method for measurement of cell turnover and metabolism in humans with subcellular resolution while implicating the growth hormone/IGF-1 axis in adipose tissue aging.
Usefulness of Virtual Expiratory CT Images to Compensate for Respiratory Liver Motion in Ultrasound/CT Image Fusion: A Prospective Study in Patients with Focal Hepatic Lesions (2019)

VE-CT/US fusion imaging is more effective than CI-CT/US fusion imaging for hepatic interventional procedures.
Nonlocal Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy in the Near Field (2022)

We demonstrate the first “nonlocal” pump-probe measurement using a scattering scanning near-field microscopy technique by laterally displacing the pump and probe spots. We observe nonlocal effects associated with carrier drift into the probe region.
An Efficient Process for Pd-Catalyzed C−N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides: Insight Into Controlling Factors (2009)

An investigation into Pd-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions of aryl iodides is described. NaI is shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on these processes. By switching to a solvent system in which the iodide byproduct was insoluble, reactions of aryl iodides were accomplished with the same efficiencies as aryl chlorides and bromides. Using catalyst systems based on certain biarylphosphine ligands, aryl iodides were successfully reacted with an array of primary and secondary amines in high yields. Lastly, reactions of heteroarylamines and heteroaryliodides were also conducted in high yields.
Data from Depleting MET-Expressing Tumor Cells by ADCC Provides a Therapeutic Advantage over Inhibiting HGF/MET Signaling (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor MET represent validated targets for cancer therapy. However, HGF/MET inhibitors being explored as cancer therapeutics exhibit cytostatic activity rather than cytotoxic activity, which would be more desired. In this study, we engineered an antagonistic anti-MET antibody that, in addition to blocking HGF/MET signaling, also kills MET-overexpressing cancer cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). As a control reagent, we engineered the same antibody in an ADCC-inactive form that is similarly capable of blocking HGF/MET activity, but in the absence of any effector function. In comparing these two antibodies in multiple mouse models of cancer, including HGF-dependent and -independent tumor xenografts, we determined that the ADCC-enhanced antibody was more efficacious than the ADCC-inactive antibody. In orthotopic mammary carcinoma models, ADCC enhancement was crucial to deplete circulating tumor cells and to suppress metastases. Prompted by these results, we optimized the ADCC-enhanced molecule for clinical development, generating an antibody (ARGX-111) with improved pharmacologic properties. ARGX-111 competed with HGF for MET binding, inhibiting ligand-dependent MET activity, downregulated cell surface expression of MET, curbing HGF-independent MET activity, and engaged natural killer cells to kill MET-expressing cancer cells, displaying MET-specific cytotoxic activity. ADCC assays confirmed the cytotoxic effects of ARGX-111 in multiple human cancer cell lines and patient-derived primary tumor specimens, including MET-expressing cancer stem-like cells. Together, our results show how ADCC provides a therapeutic advantage over conventional HGF/MET signaling blockade and generates proof-of-concept for ARGX-111 clinical testing in MET-positive oncologic malignancies. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 75(16); 3373–83. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
High-frequency noise in the output of DH (AlGa)As injection lasers with different structures and waveguiding mechanisms (1981)

High-frequency (0.02-1.8 GHz) noise power measurements of both index- and gain-guided DH (AlGa)As injection lasers were carried out by means of single detector equipment. The index-guided structures include a new diffused index-guided type and some channeled substrate planar (CSP) structures, whereas the gain-guided lasers all have a stripe defined by proton bombardment, but they differ in the width of their stripe ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2.5-10 \mu</tex> m) and the depth of the bombardment. From the measurements it was concluded ihat although, generally speaking, index-guided lasers show the lowest intensity noise level, the gain-guided lasers can approach this level, provided that their structure is optimized. The results of some of the various types of lasers studied are compared qualitatively with predictions of McCumber's theory.
Instrumentation for Ionized Space Environments: New High Time Resolution Instrumental Modes of Mutual Impedance Experiments (2023)

Abstract Mutual impedance experiments are in situ plasma diagnostic techniques for the identification of the plasma density and the electron temperature. Different versions of mutual impedance instruments were included in past and present space missions (e.g., Rosetta, BepiColombo, JUICE and Comet Interceptor). New versions are currently being devised to fit the strong mass, volume and power constraints on nanosatellite platforms for future multi‐point space missions. In this study, our goal is to define and validate two new instrumental modes (i.e., chirp and multi‐spectral modes) to improve the time resolution of the experiment with respect to typical mutual impedance instrumental modes (i.e., frequency sweep). Higher time resolution measurements are expected to simplify the integration of mutual impedance experiments onboard nanosatellite platforms by facilitating antenna sharing between different experiments. The investigation is performed both (a) numerically, using a 1D‐1V electrostatic full kinetic Vlasov‐Poisson model and, (b) experimentally, with laboratory tests using a vacuum chamber and a plasma source. From a plasma diagnostic point of view, we find that both the chirp and multi‐spectral modes provide measurements identical to the (reference) frequency sweep mode. From an instrumental point of view, multi‐spectral measurements are faster than frequency sweep measurements but they require larger amounts of onboard computing resources (i.e., larger power consumption). Chirp measurements, instead, outperform frequency sweep measurements both in terms of measurement duration (20 times faster) and onboard processor usage (20% less).
Adaptive Filtering for Energy Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter Operated as a Virtual Synchronous Machine Under Unbalanced Conditions (2022)

This paper presents a control system implementation for operating a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) as a Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) under unbalanced conditions. Furthermore, a frequency-adaptive filtering strategy is proposed for improving the dynamic response of the MMC energy control loops included in the control system. The filtering strategy is based on Second Order Generalized Integrators (SOGIs) configured as adaptive notch filters, which are made frequency-adaptive by utilizing the virtual speed of the VSM. Compared to a conventional energy control implementation with fixed width moving average filters (MAF) in the feedback signals, the presented approach provides two advantages, i.e., i) reduced equivalent delay in the feedback signal and thereby more damped response for a given controller tuning, and ii) consistent performance independently from grid frequency variations. The presented control system implementation is applicable for both grid-connected operation under unbalanced faults and islanded operation with unbalanced loads. The improvement in dynamic performance compared to a benchmark implementation of MMC energy control with fixed width MAFs is demonstrated by examples of simulation results for a typical HVDC converter terminal.