gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct P-glycoprotein precursors are overproduced in independently isolated drug-resistant cell lines. (1988)

A family of P-glycoproteins are overproduced in multidrug-resistant cells derived from the murine macrophage-like line J774.2. To determine whether individual family members are overproduced in response to different drugs, the P-glycoprotein precursors in several independently isolated cell lines, which were selected for resistance to vinblastine or taxol, were compared. Individual cell lines selected with vinblastine overproduced P-glycoprotein precursors of either 120 or 125 kDa. Taxol-selected cell lines overproduced either the 125-kDa precursor or both precursors simultaneously. Two similar but distinct peptide maps for the mature P-glycoproteins were observed. These maps corresponded to each precursor regardless of the drug used for selection. One vinblastine-resistant cell line switched from the 125- to the 120-kDa precursor when grown in increasing concentrations of drug. This change coincided with the overexpression of a distinct subset of mRNA species that code for P-glycoprotein. It is concluded that precursor expression is not drug-specific. These data suggest that individual overproduced P-glycoprotein family members are translated as distinct polypeptides. The results may help to explain the diversity in the multidrug-resistant phenotype.
Multi-channel supported surveying of industrial floor tiles (2020)

Within the building industry, there is an increasing trend towards automation for various reasons. The modelling of human intuitive abilities and the handling of building materials with increasing dimensions leads to some problems in the necessary sensor technology. This paper deals with a technical treatment of the multi-channel acquisition of floor tiles within a system for large-area automated tile laying. Concrete detecting problems of large-format building materials are dealt with and a possibility is presented to determine necessary parameters for a pick and place system. There is a whole systematic description of the measurement system design, including preinvestigation and spectral aspects. Special attention is given to the optimization of the image-based recognition system, edge detection and the elimination of environmental influences. In the last part, the necessity for a multichannel system is presented and its implementation is explained.
Visual detection of transport‐P in peptidergic neurones (1997)

1. Hypothalamic peptidergic neurones possess an uptake process for amines (transport-P), for which prazosin is a substrate. It is characterized by a paradoxical increase in the accumulation of [3H]-prazosin when the concentration of unlabelled prazosin is increased above 10(-7) M. This increase is due to activation of a proton-dependent, vacuolar-type ATPase-linked pump that is blocked by tricyclic antidepressants. This study utilized a fluorescence method to detect amine uptake in individual cells. 2. Prazosin is fluorescent but most of its emission spectrum is in the ultraviolet range. We therefore used an analogue of prazosin in which the furan ring had been substituted with a fluorescent group, BODIPY FL. This compound's emission maximum is in the green part of the visible spectrum. 3. BODIPY FL prazosin accumulated in immortalised peptidergic neurones and the characteristic emission spectrum of the compound was evident in these cells. Accumulation of BODIPY FL prazosin was saturable and was inhibited by the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine and by unlabelled prazosin. As previously described for prazosin, uptake of BODIPY FL prazosin was blocked by cold temperature and by the organic base chloroquine. Thus, prazosin and BODIPY FL prazosin were accumulated by the same uptake process. 4. BODIPY FL prazosin accumulated in a granular distribution, which is compatible with storage in intracellular vesicles. 5. Hypothalamic cells from foetal rats in primary culture also accumulated BODIPY FL prazosin by a desipramine-sensitive process. Uptake was predominantly in neurones and glial cells did not accumulate the amine. 6. Fluorescent detection provides visual evidence for amine uptake in peptidergic neurones and should enable detailed study of the distribution of this process in the brain.
Integrated fiber-optic coupler for very large scale integration interconnects (1986)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Paul R. Prucnal, Eric R. Fossum, and Richard M. Osgood, "Integrated fiber-optic coupler for very large scale integration interconnects," Opt. Lett. 11, 109-111 (1986) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Piezoelectric ultrasonic motor using longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of a cylindrical resonator (2003)

A piezoelectric ultrasonic motor, which uses longitudinal and torsional composite vibration of a cylindrical resonator, was investigated. It was found that the resonant frequencies for longitudinal mode and torsional mode could coincide with each other in the cylindrical resonator, according to finite element analysis and experimental measurement. The motor using both resonant vibrations showed good performance. The 20-mm-diameter motor exhibited a 4 kgf-cm maximum torque, a 450-r.p.m maximum rotational speed, and a 40% maximum efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Giant tumors of the chest: preoperative embolization and resection. (2000)

Giant tumors of the chest are rare. These tumors comprise a spectrum of disease from benign lesions to highly aggressive malignant tumors with cells of origin in the pleura, pulmonary parenchyma, blood vessels, thymus, and connective tissues. We report four cases of giant tumors of the thorax treated with preoperative arterial embolization followed by complete surgical resection. Their diagnostic and treatment courses, imaging, and pathology are described.
GPS in Mid-life with an International Team of Doctors Analyzing IIF-1 Satellite Performance and Backward-Compatibility (2010)

With the launch of the first GPS IIF satellite, IIF-1 or SVN 62 on May 27, 2010, the U.S. GPS enters its midlife. The IIF-1 satellite is the very first GPS satellite with an operable L5 payload. The IIF-1 L1 and L2 signals were turned on June 6, 2010, and were set “healthy ” on August 27, 2010. The satellite started to transmit L5 signal on June 17, 2010. We formed an international team of doctors. We have been continuously observing the IIF-1 transmission using a variety of facilities since the satellite was launched. This paper shows our examination results of the IIF-1 satellite using our high gain parabolic dish antennas at Stanford USA and at Weilheim, Germany, as well as a global commercial receiver network. Our analyses of the IIF-1 satellite focus on the backward compatibility. In other words, the IIF-1 L1 and L2 signals need to be compatible with other existing satellites of older generation. We conclude that the IIF-1 L1 and L2 signals have a performance similar to other satellites in terms of range accuracy, ephemeris accuracy, signal waveform deformation, and code carrier divergence.
Household Mold - A Reason for Concern (2005)

Mold in the household, particularly in older homes, has been something occupants have generally accepted, and only when it becomes visible or unsightly do homeowners take action. Following from recent press reports, concern as to the dangers of mold has re-entered the public mind and guidelines have become more available for their removal processes. After an initial false scare of their being a ^killer mold' circulating, there has been a waning interest in the topic. Nevertheless, the consistent presence of mold within the living environment has dangers that should not be ignored and should be addressed for the health of the occupants. The Minnesota Department of Health has a testing procedure that is generally not a viable option for the average household. This is mainly because of cost, and also because there are many varieties of mold that have yet to be identified and classified. What is most important about mold is to be able to identify what it is, and thus be able to address its source. In most cases, mold thrives in moist conditions, and getting rid of sources or pools of moisture is the key to ridding the household of mold. This paper will address the causes and the prevention of mold in household situations and show mechanisms of identifying and combating its existence.
Toward Optimal Performance with Network Assisted TCP at Mobile Edge (2019)

In contrast to the classic fashion for designing distributed end-to-end (e2e) TCP schemes for cellular networks (CN), we explore another design space by having the CN assist the task of the transport control. We show that in the emerging cellular architectures such as mobile/multi-access edge computing (MEC), where the servers are located close to the radio access network (RAN), significant improvements can be achieved by leveraging the nature of the logically centralized network measurements at the RAN and passing information such as its minimum e2e delay and access link capacity to each server. Particularly, a Network Assistance module (located at the mobile edge) will pair up with wireless scheduler to provide feedback information to each server and facilitate the task of congestion control. To that end, we present two Network Assisted schemes called NATCP (a clean-slate design replacing TCP at end-hosts) and NACubic (a backward compatible design requiring no change for TCP at end-hosts). Our preliminary evaluations using real cellular traces show that both schemes dramatically outperform existing schemes both in single-flow and multi-flow scenarios.
The Multicompartmental p32/gClqR as a New Target for Antibody-based Tumor Targeting Strategies (2010)

Tumor-associated cell surface antigens and tumor-associated vascular markers have been used as a target for cancer intervention strategies. However, both types of targets have limitations due to accessibility, low and/or heterogeneous expression, and presence of tumor-associated serum antigen. It has been previously reported that a mitochondrial/cell surface protein, p32/gC1qR, is the receptor for a tumor-homing peptide, LyP-1, which specifically recognizes an epitope in tumor cells, tumor lymphatics, and tumor-associated macrophages/myeloid cells. Using antibody phage technology, we have generated an anti-p32 human monoclonal antibody (2.15). The 2.15 antibody, expressed in single-chain fragment variable and in trimerbody format, was then characterized in vivo using mice grafted subcutaneously with MDA-MB-231 human breast cancers cells, revealing a highly selective tumor uptake. The intratumoral distribution of the antibody was consistent with the expression pattern of p32 in the surface of some clusters of cells. These results demonstrate the potential of p32 for antibody-based tumor targeting strategies and the utility of the 2.15 antibody as targeting moiety for the selective delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents to tumors.
SWEPP PAN assay system uncertainty analysis: Active mode measurements of solidified aqueous sludge waste (1997)

The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory is being used as a temporary storage facility for transuranic waste generated by the US Nuclear Weapons program at the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) in Golden, Colorado. Currently, there is a large effort in progress to prepare to ship this waste to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in Carlsbad, New Mexico. In order to meet the TRU Waste Characterization Quality Assurance Program Plan nondestructive assay compliance requirements and quality assurance objectives, it is necessary to determine the total uncertainty of the radioassay results produced by the Stored Waste Examination Pilot Plant (SWEPP) Passive Active Neutron (PAN) radioassay system. This paper is one of a series of reports quantifying the results of the uncertainty analysis of the PAN system measurements for specific waste types and measurement modes. In particular this report covers active mode measurements of weapons grade plutonium-contaminated aqueous sludge waste contained in 208 liter drums (item description codes 1, 2, 7, 800, 803, and 807). Results of the uncertainty analysis for PAN active mode measurements of aqueous sludge indicate that a bias correction multiplier of 1.55 should be applied to the PAN aqueous sludge measurements. With the bias correction, the uncertainty bounds on the expected bias are 0 {+-} 27%. These bounds meet the Quality Assurance Program Plan requirements for radioassay systems.
Comparison of Proteomic and Transcriptomic Profiles in the Bronchial Airway Epithelium of Current and Never Smokers (2009)

1D-PAGE coupled with LC-MS/MS effectively profiled the airway epithelium proteome and identified proteins expressed at different levels as a result of cigarette smoke exposure. While there was a strong correlation between protein and transcript detection within the same sample, we also identified proteins whose corresponding transcripts were not detected by microarray. This noninvasive approach to proteomic profiling of airway epithelium may provide additional insights into the field of injury induced by tobacco exposure.
MVD-Fuse: Detection of White Matter Degeneration via Multi-View Learning of Diffusion Microstructure (2021)

Abstract Detecting neuro-degenerative disorders in early-stage and asymptomatic patients is challenging. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) has shown great success in generating biomarkers for cellular organization at the microscale level using complex biophysical models, but there has never been a consensus on a clinically usable standard model. Here, we propose a new framework (MVD-Fuse) to integrate measures of diverse diffusion models to detect alterations of white matter microstructure. The spatial maps generated by each measure are considered as a different diffusion representation (view), the fusion of these views being used to detect differences between clinically distinct groups. We investigate three different strategies for performing intermediate fusion: neural networks (NN), multiple kernel learning (MKL) and multi-view boosting (MVB). As a proof of concept, we applied MVD-Fuse to a classification of premanifest Huntington’s disease (pre-HD) individuals and healthy controls in the TRACK-ON cohort. Our results indicate that the MVD-Fuse boosts predictive power, especially with MKL (0.90 AUC vs 0.85 with the best single diffusion measure). Overall, our results suggest that an improved characterization of pathological brain microstructure can be obtained by combining various measures from multiple diffusion models.
Tumor‐induced myeloid‐derived suppressor cell subsets exert either inhibitory or stimulatory effects on distinct CD8+T‐cell activation events (2013)

Tumor growth coincides with an accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which exert immune suppression and which consist of two main subpopulations, known as monocytic (MO) CD11b(+) CD115(+) Ly6G(-) Ly6C(high) MDSCs and granulocytic CD11b(+) CD115(-) Ly6G(+) Ly6C(int) polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs. However, whether these distinct MDSC subsets hamper all aspects of early CD8(+) T-cell activation--including cytokine production, surface marker expression, survival, and cytotoxicity--is currently unclear. Here, employing an in vitro coculture system, we demonstrate that splenic MDSC subsets suppress antigen-driven CD8(+) T-cell proliferation, but differ in their dependency on IFN-γ, STAT-1, IRF-1, and NO to do so. Moreover, MO-MDSC and PMN-MDSCs diminish IL-2 levels, but only MO-MDSCs affect IL-2Rα (CD25) expression and STAT-5 signaling. Unexpectedly, however, both MDSC populations stimulate IFN-γ production by CD8(+) T cells on a per cell basis, illustrating that some T-cell activation characteristics are actually stimulated by MDSCs. Conversely, MO-MDSCs counteract the activation-induced change in CD44, CD62L, CD162, and granzyme B expression, while promoting CD69 and Fas upregulation. Together, these effects result in an altered CD8(+) T-cell adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix and selectins, sensitivity to FasL-mediated apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. Hence, MDSCs intricately influence different CD8(+) T-cell activation events in vitro, whereby some parameters are suppressed while others are stimulated.
ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone (2020)

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions written annually. Recently, widespread use of N-BPs has been challenged due to the risk of rare but traumatic side effects such as atypical femoral fracture (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). N-BPs bind to and inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase, resulting in defects in protein prenylation. Yet, it remains poorly understood what other cellular factors might allow N-BPs to exert their pharmacological effects. Here, we performed genome-wide studies in cells and patients to identify the poorly characterized gene, <i>ATRAID</i> Loss of <i>ATRAID</i> function results in selective resistance to N-BP-mediated loss of cell viability and the prevention of alendronate-mediated inhibition of prenylation. <i>ATRAID</i> is required for alendronate inhibition of osteoclast function, and <i>ATRAID</i>-deficient mice have impaired therapeutic responses to alendronate in both postmenopausal and senile (old age) osteoporosis models. Last, we performed exome sequencing on patients taking N-BPs that suffered ONJ or an AFF. <i>ATRAID</i> is one of three genes that contain rare nonsynonymous coding variants in patients with ONJ or an AFF that is also differentially expressed in poor outcome groups of patients treated with N-BPs. We functionally validated this patient variation in <i>ATRAID</i> as conferring cellular hypersensitivity to N-BPs. Our work adds key insight into the mechanistic action of N-BPs and the processes that might underlie differential responsiveness to N-BPs in people.
Super-resolution imaging with an achromatic multi-level diffractive microlens array (2020)

Compound eyes found in insects provide intriguing sources of biological inspiration for miniaturized imaging systems. Inspired by such insect eye structures, we demonstrate an ultrathin arrayed camera enabled by a flat multi-level diffractive microlens array for super-resolution visible imaging. We experimentally demonstrate that the microlens array can achieve a large fill factor (hexagonal close packing with <i>p</i><i>i</i><i>t</i><i>c</i><i>h</i>=120µ<i>m</i>), thickness of 2.6 µm, and diffraction-limited (<i>S</i><i>t</i><i>r</i><i>e</i><i>h</i><i>l</i><i>r</i><i>a</i><i>t</i><i>i</i><i>o</i>=0.88) achromatic performance in the visible band (450 to 650 nm). We also demonstrate super-resolution imaging with resolution improvement of ∼1.4 times by computationally merging 1600 images in the array.
Combination of EDA and DE for continuous biobjective optimization (2008)

The Pareto front (Pareto set) of a continuous optimization problem with m objectives is a (m-1) dimensional piecewise continuous manifold in the objective space (the decision space) under some mild conditions. Based on this regularity property in the objective space, we have recently developed several multiobjective estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs). However, this property has not been utilized in the decision space. Using the regularity property in both the objective and decision space, this paper proposes a simple EDA for multiobjective optimization. Since the location information has not efficiently used in EDAs, a combination of EDA and differential evolution (DE) is suggested for improving the algorithmic performance. The hybrid method and the pure EDA method proposed in this paper, and a DE based method are compared on several test instances. Experimental results have shown that the algorithm with the proposed strategy is very promising.
Up-regulation of Hsp27 in prostate cancer cell lines induces resistance to various chemotherapeutics through Bax interaction (2008)

2911 Introduction: Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is a cytoprotective chaperone which is highly overexpressed in several human cancers such as prostate and breast. Suppression of Hsp27 expression has been shown to render human cancer cells sensitive to chemotherapeutic drug-mediated apoptosis and an antisense oligonucleotide against Hsp27 (OGX-427, OncoGenex, Vancouver, BC) is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial against solid tumors. However, the mechanisms by which this multifunctional protein confers drug-resistance remain incompletely defined. Since Hsp27 inhibits intrinsic pathway activation, we hypothesize that Hsp27 could regulate drug-induced cell death by sequestering the pro-apoptotic protein Bax (Bcl-2 family) and thereby protecting cells from apoptosis.  Methods: Hsp27 overexpressing or parental LNCaP cells transfected with either siRNAHsp27 or OGX-427 were treated with various stressors including MG132 (Proteosome Inhibitor), 17-AAG (Hsp90-Inhibitor) or Paclitaxel (cytotoxic agent). Cellular responses were assessed by the following methods: MTS-Assay, Flow-cytometry, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation, Immunoflourescence and Fractionation.  Results: Forced overexpression of Hsp27 increased prostate cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutics, whereas down-regulation by siRNA or OGX-427 induced sensitivity to chemotherapeutics and enhanced apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of Hsp27 inhibited drug-induced Bax conformational change by forming a complex with Bax. Through its interaction with Bax, Hsp27 kept Bax in the cytoplasm, thereby protecting cells from apoptosis. In contrast, Hsp27 knockdown led to Bax conformational changes resulting in the exposure of an amino-terminal epitope of Bax, translocation to the mitochondria and increased apoptosis.  Conclusion: Taken together, this data suggests that elevated Hsp27 expression levels confer resistance to various classes of anticancer agents by interfering with Bax apoptotic activity. This provides further evidence that abrogation of Hsp27 can be used as a strategy to increase the efficacy of different chemotherapeutics in prostate cancer.