gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expanded chain dimensions in polymer melts with nanoparticle fillers (2010)

We apply the self-consistent polymer reference interaction site model (SC/PRISM) to liquid state calculations of the chain dimensions in polymer melts with added nanoparticle fillers. The nanoparticles are assumed to be smaller than the polymer radius of gyration and are attracted to the polymer so that they are miscible. We find that the nanoparticles perturb the chain dimensions, causing an increase in the radius of gyration with increasing nanoparticle volume fractions, assuming reasonable interaction energies between the various components. The magnitude of the expansion is in qualitative agreement with recent neutron scattering results and suggests that the SC/PRISM approach is reasonable when dealing with these apparent nonlinear phenomena present in nanocomposites in the protein limit.
Classification of Driving Direction in Traffic Surveillance Using Magnetometers (2014)

Traffic monitoring using low-cost two-axis magnetometers is considered. Although detection of metallic vehicles is rather easy, detecting the driving direction is more challenging. We propose a simple algorithm based on a nonlinear transformation of the measurements, which is simple to implement in embedded hardware. A theoretical justification is provided, and the statistical properties of the test statistic are presented in closed form. The method is compared with the standard likelihood ratio test on both simulated data and real data from field tests, where very high detection rates are reported, despite the presence of sensor saturation, measurement noise, and near-field effects of the magnetic field.
P4‐036: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics to Support Clinical Studies of MK‐8719: an O‐Glcnacase Inhibitor for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (2016)

MK-8719 is a selective and potent small molecule inhibitor of the O-GlcNAcase (OGA) enzyme in early clinical trials for the treatment for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). This presentation highlights the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) aspects of MK-8719 to support first-in-human trials. Pharmacokinetics of MK-8719 were studied in preclinical species (mice, rats, dogs and monkeys) following intravenous (1 to 2 mg/kg) and oral (3 to 10 mg/kg) administration. Additional data on plasma/brain PK and retention of O-GlcNAc residues on protein extracts (O-protein) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and brain were collected in rats and mice. Markers of pathological tau and brain volume were evaluated at doses of 10 to 100 mg/kg in the Tg4510 transgenic mouse model that overexpresses a mutant form of tau. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) was developed to predict PK properties of MK-8719 in humans and guide dosing in the clinic. In a Phase I safety and tolerability study, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were evaluated following administration of single ascending oral doses between 5 and 1200 mg to healthy volunteers (n=16). OGA inhibition was evaluated by measuring the O-protein from PBMCs. MK-8719 exhibited moderate to high systemic clearance in preclinical species and moderate to large volume of distribution and high oral bioavailability. MK-8719 administration significantly increased O-protein levels in PBMCs (in rats) and brain tissue (in rats and mice) that correlated with efficacy endpoints in the Tg4510 transgenic mice. In the Phase I study in healthy volunteers, single doses up to 1200 mg were generally well tolerated. Plasma exposure increased in a dose proportional manner between 5 and 600 mg. MK-8719 administration elicited PBMC O-protein increases in a dose-dependent manner, consistent with preclinical observations. The PK in humans was well predicted based on the PBPK model. The preclinical and clinical data suggest that MK-8719 is a promising molecule to test the hypothesis that OGA inhibition is a viable therapy for PSP. A model-informed strategy can be employed to understand the relationship amongst plasma drug concentration, brain exposure, and brain and PBMC O-protein fold changes.
Towards Privacy Preservation and Data Protection in Information System Design (2020)

This paper serves as an editorial to the corresponding special issue setting out solutions and future directions of privacy preservation and data protection in information system design.
14 Comprehensive Expression of Recombinant House Dust Mite Allergens for Component-Resolved Diagnosis (2012)

BACKGROUND: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only promising treatment of allergy. However, current SIT has limitations such as a need for long-term medication and a risk of systemic anaphylaxis. Those issues are raised mainly because current SIT procedure is carried out using crude allergen extract, which may also induce a harmful neo-sensitization. Use of defined recombinant allergens would be a preferable alternative for the next generation SIT vaccine as well as for the development of component-resolved diagnosis (CRD), which enables to prescribe a patient-tailored vaccine. Objective of this study is to construct a production system of recombinant house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) allergens, and to test their usefulness for molecular diagnosis. METHODS: Thus far, the WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature subcommittee has approved 24 Dermatophagoides allergens. Among them, we sought to express 20 groups of D. farinae allergens (Der f 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, and 22) using the Escherichia coli cold shock expression system. We also tried to express additional new antigens [Mag133 (a highly-conserved UK114/YER057c/YjgF family member), DFA22 (a new group 2 family member), and DFA67 (peroxiredoxin)] that we originally identified as major allergens with high IgE-binding frequencies. IgE-binding ability of those recombinant allergens was assessed by western blot analysis. We also tested whether these allergens were applicable for the development of CRD. RESULTS: We confirmed successful expression of above D. farinae allergen molecules as soluble recombinant proteins. Western blot analysis revealed that these recombinant allergens retained IgE-binding capacity. We also found that house dust mite-allergic patients showed differential IgE-binding signatures against them, suggesting that our recombinant allergens are useful to determine sensitized allergen molecules in individual patients. CONCLUSIONS: Here we carried out the comprehensive expression of recombinant D. farinae major allergens. The recombinant allergen repertoire offers an essential platform for the future molecular diagnostics of dust mite allergy.
Evaluation of image sticking property on liquid crystal displays with polymer layers produced from phenanthrene-carrying monomers (2016)

As a model of polymer-sustained-alignment liquid crystal display (PSA-LCD), the liquid crystal (LC) cells having the polymer layers produced from monomers of phenanthrene (Phen)-carrying monomers, 2,7-, 3,8-, 1,8- and 3,6-dimethacryloyl-oxy-phenanthrene (DMAPhen), were prepared and investigated image sticking phenomenon with evaluations of residual direct current voltage (VrDC) and difference in pretilt angle before and after application of alternate current voltage (Δtilt). The VrDC values were small for the LC cells with the polymer layers produced from the Phen-carrying monomers used in this study. On the other hand, Δtilt depends on the molecular structure of the Phen-carrying monomer. The Δtilt values became small with increasing the linearity of the monomer structure for the Phen-carrying monomers. The findings would be useful for obtaining the small level of image sticking in the PSA-LCDs produced from the Phen-carrying monomers.
ChemInform Abstract: A Palladium‐Catalyzed Route to Huperzine A and Its Analogues and Their Anticholinesterase Activity. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Discovery of Quinoxaline-Based P1–P3 Macrocyclic NS3/4A Protease Inhibitors with Potent Activity against Drug-Resistant Hepatitis C Virus Variants (2021)

The three pan-genotypic HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors (PIs) currently in clinical use-grazoprevir, glecaprevir, and voxilaprevir-are quinoxaline-based P2-P4 macrocycles and thus exhibit similar resistance profiles. Using our quinoxaline-based P1-P3 macrocyclic lead compounds as an alternative chemical scaffold, we explored structure-activity relationships (SARs) at the P2 and P4 positions to develop pan-genotypic PIs that avoid drug resistance. A structure-guided strategy was used to design and synthesize two series of compounds with different P2 quinoxalines in combination with diverse P4 groups of varying sizes and shapes, with and without fluorine substitutions. Our SAR data and cocrystal structures revealed the interplay between the P2 and P4 groups, which influenced inhibitor binding and the overall resistance profile. Optimizing inhibitor interactions in the S4 pocket led to PIs with excellent antiviral activity against clinically relevant PI-resistant HCV variants and genotype 3, providing potential pan-genotypic inhibitors with improved resistance profiles.
Device characterizations and physical models of strained-Si channel CMOS (2004)

Recent progress on the development of strained-Si CMOS is reviewed with emphasis on the electrical properties. The device parameters extracted from strained-Si CMOS and the physical models, indispensable in describing the electrical characteristics, are presented. In addition, new requirements for device characterization, specific to strained-Si devices, which include V/sub th/ control and influence of Ge, are also addressed.
Biofuels: Production and Applications (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: A Renewed Interest in Biofuels Present Conversion Pathways Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oils and Fats Ethanol and ETBE Production The Need for New Developments Lignocellulosic Biomass Resources Production of Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass Production of Biofuels Through the Thermochemical Pathway Biorefineries Biofuels and Sustainability Conclusion References
Cathepsin-D, a Key Protease in Breast Cancer, Is Up-Regulated in Obese Mouse and Human Adipose Tissue, and Controls Adipogenesis (2011)

The aspartic protease cathepsin-D (cath-D) is overexpressed by human epithelial breast cancer cells and is closely correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. The adipocyte is one of the most prominent cell types in the tumor-microenvironment of breast cancer, and clinical studies have shown that obesity increases the incidence of breast cancer. Here, we provide the first evidence that cath-D expression is up-regulated in adipose tissue from obese human beings, as well as in adipocytes from the obese C57BI6/J mouse. Cath-D expression is also increased during human and mouse adipocyte differentiation. We show that cath-D silencing in 3T3-F442A murine preadipocytes leads to lipid-depleted cells after adipogenesis induction, and inhibits of the expression of PPARγ, HSL and aP2 adipocyte differentiation markers. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the key role of cath-D in the control of adipogenesis, and suggest that cath-D may be a novel target in obesity.
A Primer on Rate-Splitting Multiple Access: Tutorial, Myths, and Frequently Asked Questions (2022)

Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has emerged as a powerful multiple access, interference management, and multi-user strategy for next generation communication systems. In this tutorial, we depart from the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) versus non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) discussion held in 5G, and the conventional multi-user linear precoding approach used in space-division multiple access (SDMA), multi-user and massive MIMO in 4G and 5G, and show how multi-user communications and multiple access design for 6G and beyond should be intimately related to the fundamental problem of interference management. We start from foundational principles of interference management and rate-splitting, and progressively delineate RSMA frameworks for downlink, uplink, and multi-cell networks. We show that, in contrast to past generations of multiple access techniques (OMA, NOMA, SDMA), RSMA offers numerous benefits. We then discuss how those benefits translate into numerous opportunities for RSMA in over forty different applications and scenarios of 6G. We finally address common myths and answer frequently asked questions, opening the discussions to interesting future research avenues. Supported by the numerous benefits and applications, the tutorial concludes on the underpinning role played by RSMA in next generation networks, which should inspire future research, development, and standardization of RSMA-aided communication for 6G.
Prospective Randomized Trial of 10% Povidone‐Iodine versus 0.5% Tincture of Chlorhexidine as Cutaneous Antisepsis for Prevention of Central Venous Catheter Infection (2000)

A multicenter prospective, randomized, controlled trial, with 0.5% tincture of chlorhexidene versus 10% povidone-iodine as cutaneous antisepsis for central venous catheter (CVC) insertion, was conducted for patients in intensive care units. Of 374 patients, 242 had a CVC inserted for >3 days and were used for the primary analysis. Outcomes included catheter-related bacteremia, significant catheter colonization (> or = 15 colony-forming units [cfu]), exit-site infection, serial quantitative exit-site culture (every 72 h), and molecular subtyping of all isolates. Patients in both study groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, underlying disease, length of hospitalization, reason for line insertion, and baseline APACHE II score. Documented catheter-related bacteremia rates were 4.6 cases per 1000 catheter-days in the chlorhexidine group (n=125) and 4.1 cases per 1000 catheter-days in the povidone-iodine group (n=117; not significant [NS]). Significant catheter-tip colonization occurred in 24 (27%) of 88 patients in the povidone-iodine group and in 31 (34%) of 92 patients in the chlorhexidine group (NS). A mean exit-site colony count of 5.9 x 10(5) cfu/mL per 25 cm(2) of the surface area of skin in the povidone-iodine group versus 3.1 x 10(5) cfu/mL per 25 cm(2) in the chlorhexidine group (NS) was found. There was a trend toward fewer exit-site infections in the chlorhexidine group (0 of 125 patients) versus those in the povidone-iodine group (4 of 117 patients; P=.053). Results of an intention-to-treat analysis were unchanged from the primary analysis. No difference was demonstrable between 0.5% tincture of chlorhexidine and 10% povidone-iodine when used for cutaneous antisepsis for CVC insertion in patients in the intensive care unit.
Abstract B29: SMAC-mimetic induced apoptosis of SKOV3 cells requires NIK and activation of canonical NFκB signaling (2009)

Abstract By stimulating the autoubiquitination and proteosome mediated degradation of CIAP1, Smac mimetics hypersensitize tumor cells to TNFα mediated apoptosis. Indeed, Smac mimetics induce the production of TNFα in sensitive but not insensitive tumor cell lines. The precise mechanism of NFκB activation and subsequent TNFα induction is not well understood, and identifying the mechanism by which LBW242 induces TNFα may provide potential biomarkers for patient stratification. Paradoxically, these agents have been reported to both activate and inhibit the canonical NFκB pathway and to activate the non-canonical pathway. To elucidate this mechanism, we knocked down nodes of the canonical and non-canonical NFκB pathways and assessed activation of an NFκB/p65-reporter, induction of TNFα expression and cell death after treatment with the Smac mimetic compound LBW242. In the canonical pathway, knockdown of IKKB and p65 ablated TNF induction and rescued SKOV cells from LBW242-mediated cell death, suggesting that activation of the canonical pathway is required for LBW242-mediated cell death. In the noncanonical pathway, knockdown of NIK, but surprisingly not RelB, rescued SKOV cells from LBW242-mediated cell death. This data suggests a role for NIK in LBW242-mediated activation of the canonical but not the non-canonical NFκB pathway. Consistent with this model, we find overexpression of NIK is sufficient to activate the p65 reporter. Moreover, activation of the non-canonical NFκB pathway was robustly observed in both sensitive and insensitive tumor cell lines, further invalidating the contribution of the non-canonical arm to Smac mimetic induced TNF production. We propose NIK-mediated activation of the canonical NFκB signaling is responsible for Smac mimetic induced TNFα production. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B29.
The use of directory and traders to support a TMN-based inter-domain management in global IN environments (2002)

New customer requirements, relaxed regulation and increasing competition will lead to a separation of service provision and network operation in future telecommunication environments, with intelligent networks representing the common architecture for an efficient provision of such services in the coming age. This scenario results in an increased number of service providers and network operators involved in the provision of international services spanning several countries and networks. Consequently a high degree of interworking between different management domains is required calling for coordinated management strategies. Management services and corresponding harmonized management interfaces. The paper investigates the upcoming inter-domain management issues in global IN environments and focuses on the possible application of the directory and trading services in future TMN platforms in order to support the interworking of different TMN systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mediated Generation of Conjugate Acid by UV and Blue Sensitizers with Upconversion Nanoparticles at 980 nm (2020)

NIR and UV exposure of systems comprising upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) based on NaYF<sub>4</sub> :Tm/Yb@NaYF<sub>4</sub> , a sensitizer absorbing either in the blue or UV region, and an onium salt with weak coordinating anion resulted in formation of conjugate acid (con-H<sup>+</sup> ). That was namely Ivocerin (di(4-methoxybenzoyl)diethylgermane), ITX (2-iso-propyl thioxanthone), anthracene, pyrene, rubrene, camphore quinone, and a strong fluorescent coumarin (1,1,6,6,8-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahyhdro-1H,4H-11-oxa-3a-aza-benzo[de]anthracene-10-one). Quantification occurred by treatment with Rhodamine B lactone whose color switched to intensive red after photolytic formation of con-H<sup>+</sup> . Exposure with a NIR laser at 980 nm resulted in less con-H<sup>+</sup> compared to 395 nm where all sensitizers absorb radiation. UCNP did not mainly interfered formation of con-H<sup>+</sup> . The different rates obtained in both experiments responsibly explain the failure and success to initiate polymerization of epoxides applying ether 980 nm or 395 nm excitation, respectively.
Artificial intelligence in nursing: Priorities and opportunities from an international invitational think‐tank of the Nursing and Artificial Intelligence Leadership Collaborative (2021)

We outline crucial gaps where focused effort is required for nursing to take a leadership role in shaping AI use in health systems. Three priorities were identified that need to be addressed in the near future: (a) Nurses must understand the relationship between the data they collect and AI technologies they use; (b) Nurses need to be meaningfully involved in all stages of AI: from development to implementation; and (c) There is a substantial untapped and an unexplored potential for nursing to contribute to the development of AI technologies for global health and humanitarian efforts.
Study of NH4HS Concentrating Mechanism in Air Cooled Heat Exchanger Tubes (2011)

NH4HSによる腐食は高濃度で異常な速さとなり，この腐食が懸念される水素化脱硫装置などの高圧設備では，腐食漏洩により大事故に至る可能性が高いため，設計段階で防食面の配慮が必要となる．空冷式熱交換器伝熱管気相部に発生した選択的なNH4HS腐食事例を基に，伝熱係数を考慮したNH4HS濃縮モデルを構築し，伝熱管各部位での気相凝縮部と液相部の温度とNH4HS濃度を解析した．その結果気相凝縮部は液相部よりも伝熱係数が大きく，高濃度のNH4HS水溶液が生成することが示された．実装置での腐食現象を定量的に表現することができただけでなく，NH4HSによる腐食が懸念される伝熱管の防食設計には，管のフローパターン，外気温度，気相凝縮部での推定NH4HS濃度を考慮する必要があることを明らかにした．
Precoder design with non-uniform power allocation for multimode precoded MIMO schemes with limited feedback (2010)

This paper investigates the problem of designing a codebook with non-uniform power allocation for multimode precoded MIMO schemes(e.g., spatial multiplexing and STBC) with limited feedback in fading channels. The generalized Lloyd algorithm is employed for the design, and two methods with different complexities are addressed for the computation of the centroid which is formulated as an optimization problem. Numerical results show that the proposed design outperforms comparable algorithms which equally allocate the total transmit power to each data stream.
Voltage Ramp Stress Test to determine TDDB performance in SRAM vehicle (2014)

We applied Voltage Ramp Stress Test (VRST) to an SRAM test vehicle and compared the obtained Vfail distribution with theoretical predictions from various TDDB failure criteria. Measured Vfail results are matched with the prediction from TDDB failure criterion of Ig/Ig0=1000 or more. We developed a numerical method to predict effective Igate with TDDB stress. It was applied to VRST condition and shows good agreement with measured data.
Delay analysis of network architectures for machine-to-machine communications in LTE system (2014)

Machine-to-machine communications has emerged to provide autonomic communications for a wide variety of intelligent services and applications. Among different communication technologies available for connecting machines, cellular-based systems have gained more attention as backhaul networks due to ubiquitous coverage and mobility support. The diverse ranges of service requirements as well as machine constraints require adopting different network architectures. This paper reviews three M2M network architectures to integrate machines into the LTE system and analyzes their associated communication delays. It also presents how the appropriate networks can be selected for some machine-to-machine applications, fulfilling their latency constraints.
Relating Nanostructural Properties of the Cornea, its Macroscopic Transparency and Compressibility (2020)

International audience
Left Posterior Fascicular Block Due to High-Dose lnterleukin-2 (2008)

LPFB may be a reversible cardiac complication associated with high-dose IL-2 therapy. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this potential adverse effect.