gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erased Secrets: Practical Information-Theoretic Group Secrecy (2010)

We consider the scenario where a group of wireless nodes want to exchange a secret key, such that no eavesdropper can guess the key. Today, this can be achieved using publickey cryptography, e.g., the Diffie-Hellman or the RSA keyexchange algorithms. However, such algorithms require expensive computation, which may be impractical or even beyond the capabilities of wireless nodes. We propose an alternative solution, which enables a group of wireless nodes to exchange a secret key without the use of public-key cryptography. We leverage the nature of wireless networks— namely, that any two nodes are unlikely to correctly receive or overhear the exact same bits fromeach transmission. Based on this, we develop a protocol that enables the group of nodes to agree on secret bits at a rate depending on the properties of the wireless network that interconnects them. Our protocol uses simple, polynomial-time operations and does not require any changes to the physical orMAC-layer of network devices. We formally prove and experimentally demonstrate that our protocol can generate information-theoretically secret keys in a realistic setting.
Lyotropic Phase Behavior of Poly(ethylene oxide)−Poly(butadiene) Diblock Copolymers: Evolution of the Random Network Morphology (2008)

The phase behavior of poly(ethylene oxide)−poly(butadiene) (PEO-PB) diblock copolymers mixed with water was studied using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. Two sets of diblocks were synthesized by adding different lengths of PEO to hydroxy terminated PB with degrees of polymerization NPB = 46 and 170. Two-component mixtures were investigated as a function of block composition and copolymer molecular weight, between 1 and 100 wt % polymer content. Melt phase behavior is consistent with established theory and known experimental behavior for diblock copolymers. Various lyotropic liquid crystalline structures, notably lamellae (L), hexagonally packed cylinders (H), and spheres (S) arranged on cubic (body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic) lattices, were documented as a function of water content. At the higher molecular weights (NPB = 170), a random network phase (N) was identified over a sizable portion of the phase portrait, located between hexagonally ordered cylinders and ordered lamellae. This new structure, along with branching of cylindrical micelles in the dilute limit, bear a striking similarity to experimentally observed and theoretically predicted phase behavior in certain ternary water/oil/surfactant systems. These findings demonstrate that block copolymer surfactants are characterized by at least four structural building blocks—spheres, cylinders, bilayers, and branched cylinders—above a threshold molecular weight.
Potential Implications for Monitoring Serum Bile Acid Profiles in Circulation with Serum Proteome for Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury/Regeneration Model in Mice (2010)

Bile acids have recently emerged as versatile signaling molecules, and their signaling pathway is a promising target for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Here, we developed a highly sensitive and high-throughput quantification method for six taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acids using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction (SPE-MALDI-TOF MS). In a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury/regeneration model in mice, serum bile acid profiles were monitored, and the same samples were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE), and protein spots that significantly changed in quantity in a serial time points were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Serum taurocholic acid (TCA) concentration was significantly elevated earlier than the increase of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, a potentially sensitive marker for minimal hepatic damage. Furthermore, TCA peaked at 20 h after treatment when massive serum proteins appeared in circulation. It should be noted that direct MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has succeeded in showing a hepatic lobular distribution change of TCA, predominantly seen in zone 1 area whereas necrotic changes were dominant in zone 3 area. The in-depth analysis of bile acid profiles in circulation with hepatic lobular distribution is a strong basis to understand the serum proteome in CCl4-induced liver injury model.
Discovery of Diaryl Ether Substituted Tetrahydrophthalazinones as TbrPDEB1 Inhibitors Following Structure-Based Virtual Screening (2021)

Several members of the 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) family play an essential role in cellular processes, which has labeled them as interesting targets for various diseases. The parasitic protozoan <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>, causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis, contains several cyclic AMP specific PDEs from which TbrPDEB1 is validated as a drug target. The recent discovery of selective TbrPDEB1 inhibitors has increased their potential for a novel treatment for this disease. Compounds characterized by a rigid biphenyl tetrahydrophthalazinone core structure were used as starting point for the exploration of novel TbrPDEB1 inhibitors. Using a virtual screening campaign and structure-guided design, diaryl ether substituted phthalazinones were identified as novel TbrPDEB1 inhibitors with IC<sub>50</sub> values around 1 μM against <i>T. brucei</i>. This study provides important structure-activity relationship (SAR) information for the future design of effective parasite-specific PDE inhibitors.
28nm node process optimization: a lithography centric view (2014)

Many experts claim that the 28nm technology node will be the most cost effective technology node forever. This results from primarily from the cost of manufacturing due to the fact that 28nm is the last true Single Patterning (SP) node. It is also affected by the dramatic increase of design costs and the limited shrink factor of the next following nodes. Thus, it is assumed that this technology still will be alive still for many years. To be cost competitive, high yields are mandatory. Meanwhile, leading edge foundries have optimized the yield of the 28nm node to such a level that that it is nearly exclusively defined by random defectivity. However, it was a long way to go to come to that level. In my talk I will concentrate on the contribution of lithography to this yield learning curve. I will choose a critical metal patterning application. I will show what was needed to optimize the process window to a level beyond the usual OPC model work that was common on previous nodes. Reducing the process (in particular focus) variability is a complementary need. It will be shown which improvements were needed in tooling, process control and design-mask-wafer interaction to remove all systematic yield detractors. Over the last couple of years new scanner platforms were introduced that were targeted for both better productivity and better parametric performance. But this was not a clear run-path. It needed some extra affords of the tool suppliers together with the Fab to bring the tool variability down to the necessary level. Another important topic to reduce variability is the interaction of wafer none-planarity and lithography optimization. Having an accurate knowledge of within die topography is essential for optimum patterning. By completing both the variability reduction work and the process window enhancement work we were able to transfer the original marginal process budget to a robust positive budget and thus ensuring high yield and low costs.
Differentiation of acutely infarcted myocardium by quantitative differences in T1 relaxation times using Shortened Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (ShMOLLI) in 3T (2010)

Introduction T1-mapping of the myocardium can potentially detect, quantify and monitor pathology without contrasting agents. One proven method is the MOLLI (Modified Look-Locker Inversion-recovery) technique, offering single-slice T1-mapping based on three sequential inversionrecovery (IR)-prepared experiments in a 17-heartbeat breath-hold. As long imaging time can limit clinical application, we sought to assess the ability of a shorter variant (ShMOLLI) to differentiate acutely infarcted from normal myocardial tissue at 3 T.
Planar Wideband Differential-Mode Bandpass Filter With Common-Mode Noise Absorption (2017)

In this letter, a planar differential-mode (DM) four-port circuit is proposed to design a balanced-to-balanced bandpass filter (BPF) with common-mode noise absorption add-on feature. By using the matrix transformation between the mixed and the single-ended scattering parameters, even(odd-) mode equivalent circuit and the closed-form solutions of the proposed circuit structure are obtained based on the constraint rules. Finally, a microstrip DM BPF is designed and fabricated. The measured (simulated) results show that the relative bandwidth is 55.5% (57.5%) under the conditions of IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ddBA</sub> I > -1 dB and IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ddAA</sub> I, IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ccAA</sub> I, and IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ccBA</sub> I <; -10 dB. Good agreements between the simulated and measured results verify the correctness of the design theory.
Low Cost Carbon Fiber as Potential Lightning Strike Protection for Wind Turbine Blades (2020)

Until recently, glass fiber composites (GFRP) were the preferred choice to prepare wind turbine blades due to their low cost compared to their counterpart carbon fiber composites (CFRP). However, to harvest the maximum wind energy, ever larger wind turbine blades are being manufactured. To support such a large structure carbon fiber composites CFRP have become the integral part of load bearing structures in the blade. In this work, we are proposing to utilize the low cost carbon fiber (LCCF), manufactured at Carbon Fiber Technology Facility (CFTF) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as not only the cost effective alternative to the currently used carbon fiber (CF) but also as the lightning strike protection of the wind turbine blades. A textile-grade precursor was used to prepare LCCF. Wind turbines often get hit by lightning strikes due to their operating locations. LCCF can provide structural integrity to these gigantic structures and mitigate the effect of lightning strike on them by effectively dissipating the current. Two composite panels made of LCCF were tested against artificial lightning strikes of 100 kA and 200 kA (component A of lightning
Suppression of CO2-induced relaxation of bovine retinal pericytes by angiotensin II. (1997)

Ang II attenuated the relaxing response of pericytes to elevated PCO2 through saralasin-sensitive Ang II receptors. Results suggest that some vasoactive agents, such as Ang II, could affect the pericyte responses to metabolic needs as signaled by local PCO2. This experimental design may permit further investigation of the altered physiology of local blood flow regulation.
Pouchitis Following Heal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis: Pathogenesis, and Treatment (1994)

A bdominal colectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the surgical treatment of choice for most patients with uncontrolled ulcerative colitis (UC). This procedure, which removes all of the diseased mucosa while preserving continence and transanal defecation, has largely replaced alternative surgical therapies such as the Brooke ileostomy and the Kock pouch. The most frequent long-term complication after IPAA for UC is a nonspecific inflammation of the ileal reservoir commonly known as pouchitis.’ The diagnosis and rational treatment of pouchitis are impeded by lack of a universally accepted definition and an incomplete understanding of the etiology.
Phylogenomic analysis of Haemophilus parasuis and proposed reclassification to Glaesserella parasuis, gen. nov., comb. nov. (2019)

The Gram-negative bacterium <i>Haemophilus parasuis</i> is the etiologic agent of Glässer's disease in pigs, and causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. This bacterium has been classified as a member of the family <i>Pasteurellaceae</i> in the genus <i>Haemophilus</i>, but phylogenetic relatedness has not been adequately examined to support this genus classification. Phenotypically, all 38 strains of <i>H. parasuis</i> tested were positive for catalase activity, oxidase activity, V-factor requirement, and acid formation from maltose and d-galactose without gas. All strains were negative for X-factor requirement, formation of indole from tryptophan, urease, l-arabinose, and α-glucosidase activity. To determine whether <i>H. parasuis</i> belongs to one of the current <i>Pasteurellaceae</i> genera 40 <i>H</i>. <i>parasuis</i> genomes, plus those of representative <i>Pasteurellaceae</i>, were subjected to phylogenetic analysis of concatenated, multi-protein alignments. Sequence variation at 16S rRNA and <i>rpoB</i> loci allowed the 15 reference serovars of <i>H. parasuis</i> to be integrated into the whole-genome tree. The phylogenetic analysis showed <i>H. parasuis</i> to be a distinct and tight clade whose sister taxon is the genus <i>Bibersteinia</i>. Within <i>H. parasuis</i> two clades were identified with individual serovars distributed between the two. As a result, <i>H. parasuis</i> was confirmed as a member of the family <i>Pasteurellaceae</i>, but was distinct from other genera in this family. Therefore, we propose the name <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i>, gen. nov., comb. nov. for bacterial strains currently classified as <i>H. parasuis</i>. The reference strain of this species is ATCC 19417 (1374)<sup>T</sup>, NCTC 4557<sup>T</sup>, DSM 21448<sup>T</sup>, CCUG 3712<sup>T</sup>.
Simulations of 2D metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging (2013)

A metamaterial aperture operating as a leaky waveguide with resonating metamaterial irises can sweep its operation frequency to modify its complex field pattern with no moving parts. By randomly distributing the metamaterials' resonance frequencies, we show the aperture can generate random illumination patterns well suited for compressive sensing. In this way the aperture utilizes the physical layer to avoid redundant measurements in the image reconstruction process.
Equipment requirments to facilitate contrast‐enhanced MR imaging (1991)

During the past decade, MR equipment and imaging techniques have experienced unprecedented development. Significant improvements have been made in image quality, enhancing conventional contrast agent studies. In addition, the development of new applications, such as MR angiography, has expanded the role of existing agents. A major benefit for contrast agent research has been the development of ultrafast MR imaging. This ability to provide information on contrast agent dynamics will aid in the detection and characterization of neoplastic and other disease states. While the gradient-echo techniques may provide adequate temporal resolution for many applications, echo planar imaging will enable the assessment of perfusion for an entire organ, which is critical in the heart or when the location of the pathology is unknown a priori. It is also likely that continued development in MR contrast agents will have a synergistic impact on pulse sequences, e.g., MR diffusion imaging. The growth in functional MR imaging will be based in large measure on the continued interactive development of imaging strategies and magnetopharmaceutials.
Baricitinib attenuates the proinflammatory phase of COVID-19 driven by lung-infiltrating monocytes (2022)

SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects are generally asymptomatic during initial viral replication but may suffer severe immunopathology after the virus has receded and monocytes have infiltrated the airways. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from severe COVID-19 patients, monocytes express mRNA encoding inflammatory mediators and contain SARS-CoV-2 transcripts. We leverage a human small airway model of infection and inflammation, whereby primary blood monocytes transmigrate across SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelium to characterize viral burden, gene expression, and inflammatory mediator secretion by epithelial cells and monocytes. In this model, lung-infiltrating monocytes acquire SARS-CoV-2 from the epithelium and upregulate expression and secretion of inflammatory mediators, mirroring in vivo data. Combined use of baricitinib (Janus kinase inhibitor) and remdesivir (nucleoside analog) enhances antiviral signaling and viral clearance by SARS-CoV-2-positive monocytes while decreasing secretion of proneutrophilic mediators associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. These findings highlight the role of lung-infiltrating monocytes in COVID-19 pathogenesis and their importance as a therapeutic target.
Autonomous docking of a smart wheelchair for the Automated Transport and Retrieval System (ATRS) (2008)

Abstract The Automated Transport and Retrieval System (ATRS) represents a technology‐based alternative to van conversions for automobile drivers in wheelchairs. Rather than requiring dramatic, permanent, and expensive modifications to the host vehicle, ATRS employs robotics and automation technologies and can be integrated noninvasively into a standard minivan or sport utility vehicle. At the core of ATRS is a “smart” wheelchair system that autonomously navigates between the driver's position and a powered lift at the rear of the vehicle, eliminating the need for an attendant. From an automation perspective, autonomously docking the wheelchair onto the lift platform presented the most significant technical challenge due to limited clearance between the chair wheels and the lift platform rails. To solve the docking task, we employed a light detection and ranging (LIDAR)–based approach for wheelchair localization coupled with a hybrid motion controller design. Extensive testing from the localization subsystem to the complete ATRS was conducted under representative usage conditions. This included 3 days of public demonstrations indoors at the World Congress on Disabilities, where potential end users were able to evaluate the system. In this environment, ATRS performed more than 300 consecutive cycles without failure. During 2 days of outdoor reliability testing, 97.5% docking reliability was observed. The system is scheduled to enter the commercial market in 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adjoint Rigid Transform Network: Self-supervised Alignment of 3D Shapes. (2021)

Most learning methods for 3D data (point clouds, meshes) suffer significant
performance drops when the data is not carefully aligned to a canonical
orientation. Aligning real world 3D data collected from different sources is
non-trivial and requires manual intervention. In this paper, we propose the
Adjoint Rigid Transform (ART) Network, a neural module which can be integrated
with existing 3D networks to significantly boost their performance in tasks
such as shape reconstruction, non-rigid registration, and latent
disentanglement. ART learns to rotate input shapes to a canonical orientation
that is crucial for a lot of tasks. ART achieves this by imposing rotation
equivariance constraint on input shapes. The remarkable result is that with
only self-supervision, ART can discover a unique canonical orientation for both
rigid and nonrigid objects, which leads to a notable boost in downstream task
performance. We will release our code and pre-trained models for further
research.
Loss of Synchronism of Wind Turbine Converters during Low Voltage Grid Faults (2014)

In the recent grid codes, wind power plants are required to stay connected and inject reactive and active currents during grid short-circuit faults, even when the grid voltage drops down to zero. However, the physical fact, Loss of Synchronism (LOS) of wind turbines during these very low voltage faults has been underestimated in the grid codes; and the LOS has recently been explored only in few studies. In this paper the LOS phenomenon is studied, especially focusing on the case of a string of wind turbines, rather than an aggregated one. It is shown that the LOS affects the wind power plant as whole. Additionally, existing methods to solve the LOS problem are briefly reviewed, and a closed loop frequency based solution is implemented within PowerFactory simulations of a detailed generic wind power plant model.
Burning Rate and Ignition Delay Times of AP/HTPB-Based Solid Rocket Propellants Containing Graphene (2016)

The purpose of additives in solid rocket propellants is to tailor the propellants’ properties, primarily the burning rate and strength. While the use of graphene and its analogs in liquid monopropellants and other fields has been widely studied, there are very few investigations as to its effects on solid rocket propellants. The purpose of this study therefore was to determine the effects of graphene, specifically edge-functionalized graphene oxide (EFGO), on the burning rate, ignition delay time, and tensile strength of AP/HTPB-based solid rocket propellants. Two types of propellants were created, an 80% monomodal and an 85% bimodal, with 1% EFGO by mass in each. The 85% bimodal propellants consisted of one batch with plasticizer and one without. The EFGO was mixed into the propellants in a dry powder form. The samples were tested between pressures of 3.4 and 15.5 MPa (500 and 2250 psi) in a constant-volume vessel pressurized with inert argon gas. Results showed a no significant change in burning rate for the 80% monomodal propellants and only 3.9 and 6.4% increases for the 85% bimodal propellants with and without plasticizer, respectively. A significant increase in ductility and corresponding decrease in elastic modulus were observed for the 85% bimodal propellants. The effects of the graphene on the tensile strength however varied for each propellant type. Results showed that the strength of the 80% monomodal propellants increased, whereas the strength of the 85% bimodal propellants decreased slightly with EFGO addition. With the addition of 1% EFGO, the results showed 30.5 and 81.4% increases in ignition delay times for the 80% monomodal and 85% bimodal propellants with plasticizer, respectively. The ignition delay times of the 85% bimodal propellants without plasticizer increased by 120% compared to the baseline with plasticizer.
Antimicrobial Isoflavonoids from Erythrina crista galli Infected with Phomopsis sp. (2007)

The isoflavonoids coumestrol, genistein and daidzein have been isolated and identified by bioassay-guided fractionation from the acetone extract of Erythrina crista galli young twigs infected with Phomopsis sp. These compounds showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus brevis (MIC values 16.3, 64.8 and 137.8 microM, respectively). This is the first time that coumestrol, besides lutein and n-nonacosane, are reported in this species.
Is DBCG abreast of new developments? (2018)

The Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) was established in 1977 by innovative and visionary clinicians and researchers diagnosing, treating and investigating breast cancer. The vision was to gather a...