gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Control for Adaptive Resource Reservation of Guaranteed Services in LTE Networks (2015)

Mobile innovative services are being introduced continuously to enhance people's life through facilitating the interaction between human and the rest of the world. The world of “Internet of Things” (IoT) is expanding everyday to include more things to be connected. Considering that more and more innovative mobile services are being introduced, the long-term evolution (LTE) telecom systems/networks will be more complicated, require more resources, and demand more challenging requirements. The LTE evolved packet core (EPC) network internal design is inadequate with regard to the resources reservation techniques used to carry out the guaranteed dedicated services. In fact, EPC does not have the capabilities to utilize properly the unused bandwidth of the guaranteed bearer when the reserved bandwidth is not fully used by the mobile service, the unused guaranteed bandwidth is considered as wasted resources and consequently the whole LTE/EPC network efficiency gets affected. In this paper, we propose an adaptive technique which enhances the resource reservation for the LTE Mobile guaranteed services, our solution provides techniques to: analyze the ongoing mobile guaranteed traffic usage, provide time-series models that mathematically represent the conducted data, forecast the mobile service guaranteed resource consumption, identify the wasted/unused resources, and utilize these resources by other services. Our experiments were conducted on a dataset captured on an LTE network, the experimental results show that our approach is feasible and beneficial as it enhances the resource allocation for the LTE mobile services and increases the overall throughput of the LTE/EPC networks.
Evaluation of a Speech Enhancement Method Combining Ensemble Time-Frequency Masking and Beamforming (2022)

With the development of deep learning, the recognition performance of automatic speech recognition has been greatly improved. On the other hand, there is still a problem of degradation of recognition accuracy due to an increase in the number of false positives of words and speech parts when environmental noise is severe. To solve this problem, many methods have been proposed to suppress the noise and to emphasize only the target speech, i.e., speech enhancement. In most cases, speech enhancement requires some assumptions to be made about the sound source. In addition, conventional speech enhancement methods do not fully utilize the key features in the input signal because they use a single model or network to enhance the speech. In this paper, we report a speech enhancement method based on beamforming using an ensemble time-frequency mask. The ensemble time-frequency mask is generated by estimating and integrating multiple time-frequency masks from multiple speech enhancement methods. The use of time-frequency masks estimated from multiple methods is expected to improve the robustness of the process. We evaluated the proposed method on the CHiME-3 dataset using PESQ and STOI, which are correlated with human auditory perception. In both evaluation metrics, the proposed method outperforms the one without ensemble, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, we conducted a validational experiment on the ensemble method of the proposed method.
Abstract 50: Cardiomyogenesis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2012)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent heritable cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of sudden death in young adults. HCM is characterized by regional ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of cavitary dilation. Myofibrillar disarray associated with mutations of sarcomeric proteins and collagen accumulation are considered major determinants of the disease phenotype. Septal hypertrophy has been viewed as the result of an increase in size of preexisting myocytes, but whether myocyte formation contributes to septal thickening has never been determined. Thus, 29 patients with HCM undergoing septal myectomy were studied, and 10 sex-, age-matched septa, collected from patients who died from causes other than cardiovascular diseases, were used as controls. Mutations of genes coding for contractile proteins were present in all cases of HCM; 79% of patients were in NYHA class III, 17% in class II, and 4% in class IV. Arrhythmic events consisting of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia were found in 11 patients. In 8 cases, HCM was diagnosed in family members as well. Septal thickness is the product of myocyte diameter and the number of myocyte across the septum. The thickness of the septum increased 2.3-fold in HCM (Controls: 11±1 mm; HCM: 25±8 mm, p&lt;0.001). Septal thickening in HCM was mediated by a 69% increase in myocyte number (Controls: 722±120; HCM: 1,217±375, p&lt;0.001) and a 31% increase in cell diameter (Controls: 16±3 λm; HCM: 21±4 λm, p&lt;0.001). Myocyte regeneration was confirmed by the expression of the cell cycle protein, Ki67. The number of Ki67-positive myocyte nuclei increased 15-fold in HCM (Controls: 400 myocytes/10 6 cells; HCM: 6,000 myocytes/10 6 cells, p&lt;0.001). In humans, myocyte formation is regulated by commitment of resident c-kit-positive cardiac stem cells (CSCs). In comparison with control hearts, the number of CSCs increased 2.7-fold in patients with HCM (Controls: 11±5 cells/mm 3 ; HCM: 30±17 cells/mm 3 , p&lt;0.01). Additionally, the expression of contractile proteins was detected in differentiating CSCs. In conclusion, myocyte regeneration and hypertrophy contribute to septal thickening in HCM and newly formed myocytes originate from growth activation and lineage specification of resident CSCs.
Language modeling with highway LSTM (2017)

Language models (LMs) based on Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) have shown good gains in many automatic speech recognition tasks. In this paper, we extend an LSTM by adding highway networks inside an LSTM and use the resulting Highway LSTM (HW-LSTM) model for language modeling. The added highway networks increase the depth in the time dimension. Since a typical LSTM has two internal states, a memory cell and a hidden state, we compare various types of HW-LSTM by adding highway networks onto the memory cell and/or the hidden state. Experimental results on English broadcast news and conversational telephone speech recognition show that the proposed HW-LSTM LM improves speech recognition accuracy on top of a strong LSTM LM baseline. We report 5.1% and 9.9% on the Switchboard and CallHome subsets of the Hub5 2000 evaluation, which reaches the best performance numbers reported on these tasks to date.
Modeling of a Gravity Driven Two-Phase Loop (2008)

This paper proposes an analytical based numerical model of a small channel gravity driven two-phase loop. This model is based on the solving of the mass, momentum and energy conservation equations. Suitable correlations and models are used to calculate the pressure drop, void fraction and heat transfer coefficient in the successive sections of the thermosyphon. Then residuals of these conservation equations are evaluated and minimized with a minimization algorithm. The first simulations show as expected the existence of an optimal filling around 50%, the influence of the heat load and the coolant temperature. This model will enable us to predict the heat transfer performances in a gravity driven two-phase loop with various and changing operating conditions.
Poly(ADP-ribose) Catabolism Triggers AMP-dependent Mitochondrial Energy Failure (2009)

Upon massive DNA damage, hyperactivation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 causes severe depletion of intracellular NAD and ATP pools as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus far, the molecular mechanisms contributing to PARP-1-dependent impairment of mitochondrial functioning have not been identified. We found that degradation of the PARP-1 product poly(ADP-ribose) through the concerted actions of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase and NUDIX (nucleoside diphosphate-X) hydrolases leads to accumulation of AMP. The latter, in turn, inhibits the ADP/ATP translocator, prompting mitochondrial energy failure. For the first time, our findings identify NUDIX hydrolases as key enzymes involved in energy derangement during PARP-1 hyperactivity. Also, these data disclose unanticipated AMP-dependent impairment of mitochondrial exchange of adenine nucleotides, which can be of relevance to organelle functioning and disease pathogenesis.
BACTERIOPHAGE-DERIVED LYSIN COMBINATION WITH VANCOMYCIN DEMONSTRATES SUPERIOR ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL IN MURINE DAIR MODEL OF PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTION (PJI) (2019)

Introduction PJI is a devastating complication following total joint arthroplasty. In this study, we explore the efficacy of a bacteriophage-derived lysin, PlySs2, against in-vitro biofilm on titan...
P485 Prediction Model Incorporating Pharmacokinetics Calculates Probability of Endoscopic Healing in Patients with ulcerative colitis Starting Infliximab Therapy (2019)

Infliximab (IFX) is effective treatment for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC), however baseline parameters associated with, and probability of achieving endoscopic healing during induction and maintenance therapy are unknown. Data from the ACT-1 and -2 trials encompassing 484 IFX-treated UC patients were analysed. A two-compartment population pharmacokinetic model was used to calculate baseline IFX clearance (CL). The Mayo endoscopic score was available at Weeks (W) 0, 8 and 30. Three logistic regression prediction models were developed using the ACT-1 dataset and externally validated using the ACT-2 dataset. The models evaluated W0 variables for prediction of endoscopic healing (MES ≤ 1) at W8 and W30, and W8 variables for prediction of endoscopic healing at W30. An online tool to calculate the probability of achieving endoscopic healing in individual patients was also created. IFX CL, stool frequency, and rectal bleeding at W0 were independently associated with endoscopic healing at W8 with an area under the curve (AUC [95% confidence interval]) of 0.73 (0.66–0.79) and 0.67 (0.60–0.74) for the derivation and validation models, respectively. IFX CL, stool frequency, white blood cell count, and weight at W0 were independently associated with achieving endoscopic healing at W30 with an AUC of 0.68 (0.62–0.75) and 0.67 (0.61–0.74) for the derivation and validation models, respectively. Rectal bleeding, stool frequency, white blood cell count, and albumin at W8 were independently associated with achieving endoscopic healing at W30 with an AUC of 0.83 (0.78–0.89) and 0.78 (0.72–0.84), for the derivation and validation models, respectively. Odds ratios for the factors predictive of endoscopic healing are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Odds ratios for W0 and W8 factors predictive of endoscopic healing in patients receiving IFX. Variable selection was based on univariable selection (p < 0.15) followed by a forward stepwise multi-variable logistic regression model (p < 0.1). Patient-level probabilities for endoscopic healing at W8 and/or W30 can be calculated using a free online tool available at http://premedibd.com. The predicted probability of endoscopic healing at W8 for a hypothetical UC patient starting IFX therapy using the online tool is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Probability of W8 endoscopic healing in a hypothetical UC patient. A population pharmacokinetic model uses sex and albumin to calculate W0 IFX CL, which is incorporated into the prediction model with stool frequency and rectal bleeding. Three models were developed and externally validated to calculate the probability of endoscopic healing in individual patients with UC during IFX induction and/or maintenance therapy based on IFX CL, patient demographics and disease activity measures at W0 and/or W8.
Proteins of hepatitis B surface antigen: amino acid compositions of the major polypeptides (1977)

The major polypeptides isolated from two different preparations of hepatitis B surface antigen/adw were analyzed for their amino acid compositions. The results indicated a high degree of compositional relatedness between the P-1 (23,000, molecular weight) and P-2 (29,500, molecular weight) polypeptides for each of the two preparations. A considerable proportion of the major P-1 and P-2 polypeptides may be composed of a common structure. No amino sugars were detected in the preparations of isolated polypeptides.
Pilot Matrix Design for Estimating Cascaded Channels in Two-Hop MIMO Amplify-and-Forward Relay Systems (2011)

In this paper, we consider a two-hop multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay system consisting of a source node (SN), a destination node (DN), and a relay node (RN) that simply amplifies and forwards its received signal to the DN without any further processing. In this system, the overall channel from the SN to the DN is a cascade of the backward relay channel over the SN-RN hop, the amplifying matrix at the RN, and the forward relay channel over the RN-DN hop. We investigate the estimation of the two cascaded relay channels at the DN based on the predefined amplifying matrix applied at the RN and the corresponding overall channel obtained through the conventional channel estimation algorithms with the help of pilots transmitted by the SN. In particular, we find necessary and sufficient conditions on the pilot amplifying matrix sequence at the RN to ensure feasible relay channel estimation at the DN. Based on these conditions, we present rules to design diagonal or quasi-diagonal pilot amplifying matrices so that the cascaded relay channels can be estimated with minimum complexity at the RN. In the presence of imperfect overall channel state information at the DN, we further develop the approximate linear least-square estimation of the relay channels based on the designed pilot matrix sequence and demonstrate its performance by simulation results.
Why Ablation of Sites With Purkinje Activation Is Antiarrhythmic: The Interplay Between Fast Activation and Arrhythmogenesis (2021)

Ablation of sites showing Purkinje activity is antiarrhythmic in some patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (iVF). The mechanism for the therapeutic success of ablation is not fully understood. We propose that deeper penetrance of the Purkinje network allows faster activation of the ventricles and is proarrhythmic in the presence of steep repolarization gradients. Reduction of Purkinje penetrance, or its indirect reducing effect on apparent propagation velocity may be a therapeutic target in patients with iVF.
FGFR4 Arg388 Allele Is Associated With Resistance to Adjuvant Therapy in Primary Breast Cancer (2006)

According to this study, FGFR4 Arg388 genotype is a marker for breast cancer progression in patients with adjuvant systemic therapy, particularly chemotherapy, and thus may indicate therapy resistance.
A Critical View of IGBT Buffer Designs for 200 °C Operation (2019)

Different state-of-the-art buffer concepts compatible with ≥ 200 mm diameter, thin wafer technology ( ) have been optimized in enhanced planar insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) technology for 1200 V and 1700 V, 150 A rated, 13.6 x 13.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> devices and evaluated with the goal of reducing leakage currents to enable a stable operation up to Tj=200 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C. With the maximum punch through (MPT) ultra-thin field stop design in particular, we can produce devices with the lowest leakage currents up to Tj=200 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C. These devices were found to provide rugged RBSOA and soft switching, can withstand short circuit pulses as long as 10 μs and be thermally stable at Tj=200 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C.
What stress components drive mechanochemistry? A study of ZDDP tribofilm formation (2022)

Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), the most widely used antiwear additive in engine oils, has been extensively studied over the last few decades to help understand the origin of its effectiveness. Glassy phosphate-based tribofilms, approximately 100 nm thick, are often formed on surfaces sliding in ZDDP-containing oils, which help to prevent or reduce wear. Recent studies reveal that a combination of applied shear and compressive stresses drive mechanochemical reactions that promote tribofilm growth, and that growth is further accelerated by increased temperature. While recent work has shown that compressive stress alone is insufficient to form tribofilms, the individual effects of the shear stress and compressive stress are not fully understood. Here, shear and compressive stresses are studied separately by using different ratios of high-viscosity, high-traction fluids for testing. This allows the areal mean compressive and shear stresses in the fluid when confined at a loaded sliding interface, to be independently controlled while driving tribofilm growth, which is a system we refer to as a stress-controlled mechanochemical reactor. Tribofilms derived from a secondary ZDDP were generated using a tungsten carbide/tungsten carbide ball-on-disk contact in the full elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) regime using a mini-traction machine (MTM), meaning that solid-solid contact is avoided. The MTM was equipped with a spacer layer imaging (SLIM) capability, permitting <i>in situ</i> measurement of the tribofilm thickness during its growth. The well-separated sliding surfaces generated by the high-viscosity fluids confirm that solid-solid contact is not required for tribofilm formation. Under these full fluid film EHL conditions, shear stress and temperature promote tribofilm growth in accordance with stress-augmented thermal activation. In contrast, under constant shear stress and temperature, compressive stress has the opposite effect, inhibiting tribofilm growth. Using the extended Eyring model for shear- and hydrostatic pressure-affected reaction kinetics, an activation energy of 0.54 ± 0.04 eV is found, consistent with prior studies of ZDDPs. The activation volume for shear stress is found to be 0.18 ± 0.06 nm<sup>3</sup>, while that for the compressive stress component is much smaller, at 0.010 ± 0.004 nm<sup>3</sup>. This not only confirms prior work supporting that shear stress drives tribofilm growth, but demonstrates and quantifies how compressive stress inhibits growth, consistent with the rate-limiting step in tribofilm growth involving a bond-breaking reaction. Implications of these findings are discussed.
A Novel Method to Measure Capsule Pressure Gradient in a Pipeline (1996)

Technical Briefs A Novel Method to Measure Capsule Pressure Gradient in a Pipeline J. Seaba, J. Seaba Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. Xu G. Xu Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information J. Seaba Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 G. Xu Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 J. Fluids Eng. Dec 1996, 118(4): 867-870 (4 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2835524 Published Online: December 1, 1996 Article history Received: May 16, 1995 Revised: April 2, 1996 Online: January 22, 2008
Size does not matter: A highly efficient catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of macrolactones lacking ring-strain (2011)

Introduction Polyolefins accounts for over 65% of the total volume of world production of plastic materials. The polyolefin industry is heavily reliant on petrochemistry for the raw materials. Nowadays, there are political, environmental and economical reasons to develop green alternatives based on renewable resources. Potential candidates as a polyethylene-like material are polymers obtained from macrolactones of α,ω-hydroxyl fatty acids such as pentadecalactone (PDL), a 15-membered naturally occurring cyclic ester. Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters is widely used for the synthesis of aliphatic AB-type polyesters. Particularly successful is metalmediated ROP as it allows for the control of the polymer molecular weight and end-groups by the use of a nucleophilic initiator. It is commonly agreed that the driving force behind the ROP of lactones is the release of ring-strain in the transition from the cyclic ester to the polyester chain or, in thermodynamic terms, by the negative change of enthalpy. Consequently, as the ring-strain decreases with increasing lactone size so does the reactivity in metal-mediated ROP. Consequently, only few examples of metal-catalyzed ROP of macrolactones like PDL can be found in literature, which report only low yields and low molecular weights. The situation is inversed for the lipase-catalyzed ROP. Lipases like Candida Antarctica Lipase B are highly active in the ROP of lactones and show exceptionally high polymerization rates for macrolactones. The reactivity of lactones in this process is no longer determined by the ring-strain but by the preference of the lipase for hydrophobic (fatty acid-like) substrates. Macrolactones can thus easily be polymerized enzymatically and poly(pentadecalactone)s (PPDL) with molecular weights (Mn) up to 150,000 g/mol have been reported. It is thus commonly accepted (and repeatedly stated) that efficient polymerization of macrolactones is only possible by enzymatic catalysis. Unfortunately, enzymes are expensive, allow little control over the polymerization and cannot be used at high temperatures (melt polymerization). It would therefore be highly desirable to be able to use catalysts to polymerize these renewable macrolactones to high molecular weight polymers with polyethylene-like properties. In this paper we report for the first time a highly efficient metalmediated ROP of macrolactones. Moreover, we provide evidence that the catalyst applied is equally efficient in the polymerization of e-caprolactone and might thus be the first universal catalyst for the polymerization of lactones of various ring sizes.
Kinetics of dissolution of zinc sulfide in aqueous sulfuric acid (1962)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Metallurgy, 1962.
Long-Term Structural and Functional Myocardial Adaptations in Healthy Living Kidney Donors: A Pilot Study (2015)

Long-term kidney donors have no apparent structural myocardial abnormalities as assessed by contrast enhanced CMR. However, myocardial deformation of the apical segments, as well as apical rotation, and LV torsion are reduced. The concomitant increase in circulating PIIINP level is suggestive of fibrosis. Further studies, focused on US and EU patients are warranted to evaluate whether these early functional modifications will progress to a more compromised cardiac function and structure at a later time.