gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modèles animaux d'ostéoporose post-ménopausique (1994)

&horbar; L'ostoporose est une maladie caractrise par une faible masse osseuse et accompagne d'une dtrioration de l'architecture microscopique osseuse conduisant une augmentation de la fragilit osseuse et du risque de fracture. Dans l'espce humaine, la carence cestrognique cons- cutive la mnopause s'accompagne d'une ostopnie plus ou moins intense. Chez certaines femmes, cette diminution de la masse osseuse est telle que le seuil fracturaire est dpass au moindre choc. Divers modles animaux (chiennes, truies, singes ovariectomises) sont utiliss pour l'tude de l'tio- logie, de la prophylaxie et de la thrapeutique de l'ostoporose. Nanmoins, bien que les fractures osseuses n'apparaissent jamais chez la ratte ovariectomise, celle-ci est le modle le plus frquemment utilis car les consquences osseuses du dficit cestrognique sont trs semblables chez elle et chez la femme mnopause. cestrognes / mnopause 1 ovariectomie 1 ratte 1 os Summary &horbar; Animal models for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease char- acterized by low bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to enhanced bone fragility, and a consequent increase in fracture risk. In humans estrogen deficiency following menopause is associated with a more or less intense osteopenia. In some subjects, such a decrease in bone mass induces osteoporosis. Several animal models (ovariectomized female dogs, pigs and monkeys) are used to study the etiology, prophylaxis and treatment for osteoporosis. Nevertheless, the changes in bone metabolism following estrogen deficiency are very similar in rats and humans. Thus, the ovariectomized rat is the most frequently used model for such studies. estrogen / menopause / ovariectomy / rat / bone
Influenza C virus hemagglutinin: comparison with influenza A and B virus hemagglutinins (1984)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the influenza C/California/78 virus RNA 4 was obtained by using cloned cDNA derived from the RNA segment. This gene is 2,071 nucleotides long and can code for a polypeptide of 654 amino acids. Although there are no convincing sequence homologies between RNA 4 and the hemagglutinin genes of influenza A and B viruses, we suggest, on the basis of structural features, that RNA 4 of the influenza C virus codes for the hemagglutinin. The structural features which are common to the hemagglutinins of influenza A, B, and C viruses include (i) a hydrophobic signal peptide, (ii) an arginine cleavage site between the hemagglutinin 1 and 2 subunits, (iii) hydrophobic regions at the amino and carboxyl termini of the hemagglutinin 2 subunit, and (iv) several conserved cysteine residues. Additional evidence that RNA 4 of influenza C virus codes for the hemagglutinin is that the tripeptide Ile-Phe-Gly, known to be present at the amino terminus of the hemagglutinin 2 subunit of influenza C virus, is encoded by RNA 4 at a point immediately adjacent to the presumptive arginine cleavage site. The lack of primary sequence homology between the influenza C virus hemagglutinin and the influenza A or B virus hemagglutinins, which all have similar functions, might be attributed to convergent rather than divergent evolution. However, the structural similarities among the influenza A, B, and C virus hemagglutinins strongly suggest that the three hemagglutinin genes have diverged from a common precursor.
p21‐ras‐peptide‐specific T‐cell responses in a patient with colorectal cancer. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognize a peptide corresponding to a common mutation (13Gly → Asp) (1994)

Peptides derived from mutated ras are immunogenic in mice and humans, and represent a group of specific tumor antigens that are potential targets for immunotherapy. T-cell responses against mutant p21 ras can be initiated in vitro by repeated stimulation of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells with mutant ras-derived peptides. Patients with tumors commonly harbouring ras mutations may therefore show evidence of in vivo reactivity against such mutations. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cells from 10 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were screened for reactivity against synthetic ras-derived peptides corresponding to the most commonly found mutations in this type of cancer. In one patient, T-cell reactivity against the 1-25,13Gly-->Asp peptide was detected. From this patient, both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones specific for the 1-25,13Gly-->Asp mutation could be raised. We were not, however, able to detect the corresponding mutation in the cancer. The 13Gly-->Asp mutation in the ras oncogene is frequent and constitutes 9 to 27% of all K ras mutations found in biopsies from patients with colorectal carcinomas. Our study demonstrates a mutant ras-specific T-cell response of both the CD4+ and the CD8+ phenotype in a cancer patient. We speculate that in this patient a specific T-cell response resulted in eradication of tumor cells harboring the 13Gly-->Asp mutation.
Praziquantel-Induced Vesicle Formation in the Tegument of Male Schistosoma mansoni Is Calcium Dependent (1984)

Shu-hua Xiao, Paul A. Friedman, Brian A. Catto, Leslie T. Webster, Jr., Praziquantel-Induced Vesicle Formation in the Tegument of Male Schistosoma mansoni Is Calcium Dependent, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 70, No. 1 (Feb., 1984), pp. 177-179
3-D Human Renal Tubular Organoids Generated from Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Nephrotoxicity Screening (2020)

The development of human cell-based systems to replace the use of rodents or the two-dimensional culture of cells for studying nephrotoxicity is urgently needed. Human urine-derived stem cells were differentiated into renal tubular epithelial cells in three-dimensional (3-D) culture after being induced by a kidney extracellular matrix. Levels of CYP2E1 and KIM-1 in 3-D organoids were significantly increased in response to acetone and cisplatin. This 3-D culture system provides an alternative tool for nephrotoxicity screening and research.
Immune components of bovine colostrum and milk1 (2008)

Colostrum and milk provide a complete diet for the neonate. In ruminants, colostrum is also the sole source of initial acquired immunity for the offspring. Milk therefore plays an important role in mammalian host defense. In colostrum, the concentration of immunoglobulins is particularly high, with IgG being the major immunoglobulin class present in ruminant milk, in contrast to IgA being the major immunoglobulin present in human milk. Immunoglobulins are transported into mammary secretions via specialized receptors. In addition to immunoglobulins, both colostrum and milk contain viable cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, which secrete a range of immune-related components into milk. These include cytokines and antimicrobial proteins and peptides, such as lactoferrin, defensins, and cathelicidins. Mammary epithelial cells themselves also contribute to the host defense by secreting a range of innate immune effector molecules. A detailed understanding of these proteins and peptides offers great potential to add value to the dairy industry. This is demonstrated by the wide-ranging commercial applications of lactoferrin derived from bovine milk. Knowledge of the immune function of milk, in particular, how the gland responds to pathogens, can be used to boost the concentrations of immune factors in milk through farm management practices and vaccination protocols. The latter approach is currently being used to maximize yields of bovine milk-derived IgA directed at specific antigens for therapeutic and prophylactic use. Increasingly sophisticated proteomics technologies are being applied to identify and characterize the functions of the minor components of milk. An overview is presented of the immune factors in colostrum and milk as well as the results of research aimed at realizing this untapped value in milk.
Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Formulations of a Hexavalent Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Inactivated Poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzaeb Conjugate-Hepatitis B Vaccine in 15 to 18 Month-Old Children (2005)

Combination vaccines decrease the number of injections and improve parental satisfaction and vaccination schedule compliance. In a phase 1, randomized, partially-blinded, single-dose booster study, we evaluated two formulations of an investigational liquid hexavalent vaccine containing diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (5-component), inactivated poliovirus, Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate and hepatitis B surface antigen (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV) in 60 healthy toddlers, 15 to 18 months of age, who had been primed with three doses of a licensed pentavalent diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (5-component), inactivated poliovirus, Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate (DTaP-IPV//PRP-T) vaccine. The DTaP-IPV//PRP-T vaccine was used as a control in 30 subjects. The investigational formulations, which contained the same DTaP-IPV components, differed only in Hib (content and conjugate) and HBV (content) (PRP-T/HBV10 = 12 mug Hib tetanus toxoid conjugate with 10 microg HBsAg; PRP-OMPC/HBV15 = 6 microg Hib Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein complex with 15 microg HBsAg). Injection-site pain, redness and swelling were reported by 46.7%, 46.7%, and 20.0% of the licensed vaccine recipients, 43.3%, 43.3%, and 26.7% of PRP-T/HBV10 recipients and 70.0%, 46.7%, and 46.7% of PRP-OMPC/HBV15 recipients, respectively. Fever > or = 37.8 degrees C and irritability were reported by 0% and 16.7% of licensed vaccine recipients, 10.3% and 23.3% of PRP-T/HBV10 recipients and 30.0% and 16.7% of PRP-OMPC/HBV15 recipients, respectively. There were no apparent differences between the groups in the proportion of participants achieving predefined, threshold or seroprotective immune responses. Geometric mean antibody levels for all antigens were similar except for anti-PRP levels, which were 19.0 microg/mL in recipients of the licensed vaccine, 40.8 microg/mL in PRP-T/HBV10 recipients and 9.4 microg/mL in PRP-OMPC/HBV15 recipients. We conclude that the hexavalent formulations appear generally well tolerated and immunogenic as a booster dose in these toddlers.
Modellbaserad ekoföljning i vätskefyllda tankar (2004)

This thesis discusses model based tracking of radar echoes in tanks with liquid content. The errors in the measurements are not always random in these cases, and the interference that occurs when nearby echoes moves in relation to each other makes tracking difficult. The tracking problem can be broken down to four parts; track initiation, track destruction, association of the measured echoes to the tracks and to update the tracks with the associated echoes. The radar measurement is primarily made on the surface. However, additional echoes from the tank floor or other structures and double bounces are normally present. There are often linear relations between the positions of the measured echoes. Kalman filters are typically used to estimate the positions of the echoes. Best performance is achieved if a model of the entire tank is used; however that model must be tailored to match the exact conditions in the tank. It is also possible to consider the echoes to be independent and track their positions using separate models. Some of the possiblemethods to automatically build a model for a specific tank have been explored.
Relative particle yield fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at ${\mathbf{\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76}}$ TeV (2017)

First results on K/$\\pi$, p/$\\pi$ and K/p fluctuations are obtained with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC as a function of centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{\\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV. The observable $\\nu_{\\rm dyn}$, which is defined in terms of the moments of particle multiplicity distributions, is used to quantify the magnitude of dynamical fluctuations of relative particle yields and also provides insight into the correlation between particle pairs. This study is based on a novel experimental technique, called the Identity Method, which allows one to measure the moments of multiplicity distributions in case of incomplete particle identification. The results for p/$\\pi$ show a change of sign in $\\nu_{\\rm dyn}$ from positive to negative towards more peripheral collisions. For central collisions, the results follow the smooth trend of the data at lower energies and $\\nu_{\\rm dyn}$ exhibits a change in sign for p/$\\pi$ and K/p.
Correspondence (2013)

We welcome letters to the Editor concerning articles that have recently been published. Such letters will be subject to the usual stages of selection and editing; where appropriate the authors of the original article will be offered the opportunity to reply.
Iterative Spectral Edge Image Fusion (2015)

The Spectral Edge method of image fusion fuses input image details, while maintaining natural color. It is a derivative-based technique, based on the structure tensor, and lookup-table-based gradient field reconstruction. It has many applications, including RGB-NIR image fusion and remote sensing. In this paper, we propose adding an iterative step to the method. We use the output Spectral Edge image as the putative color image for another fusion step, and repeat this for several iterations. We show that this creates an output image with a structure tensor field closer to that of the high-dimensional input than the output of the original method. We perform a psychophysical experiment using the iterative Spectral Edge method for RGB-NIR image fusion, which shows that the result of multiple iterations is preferred.
Design and Assessment of a Scan-and-sum Beamformer for Surface Sound Source Separation (2020)

This paper proposes a novel robot audition technique for listening to a surface sound source. A beamforming technique called scan-and-sum beamformer is proposed. It performs sound source separation of general wide band surface sources distributed in the azimuth angle dimension. Because a sound source is mainly modeled as a point source in current signal processing technology, it is difficult for a robot or system with a conventional beamformer to address a surface source, though most sound sources in the real world are surface sources with a certain shape and size. The basic idea of scan-and-sum beamforming is to decompose a surface source into numerous point sources intensively distributed within a region, and then integrate results from point source sub-beamformers. In the scan-and-sum approach, a point source sub-beamformer scans with appropriate scanning density a region where target surface sources exist, and sub-beamformers are summed to separate the surface sound sources. Due to the high flexibility of the proposed beamformer, a mean square error (MSE) criterion for error analysis and cost function J to balance performance and cost are introduced, with guidelines on how to implement a scan-and-sum beamformer with tuned parameters and optimized pattern. Compared to conventional point source beamformers, beam patterns with a broader mainlobe and lower sidelobes can be achieved at acceptable cost. Numerical simulations show the proposed method improves signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) for a mixture of three surface sound sources.
Relationship between Intraocular Pressure and Angle Configuration: An Anterior Segment OCT Study (2013)

There was an association between the extent of angle closure, as assessed on AS-OCT and gonioscopy, with increasing IOP.
THz time-domain spectroscopy of 12CaO.7Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ (C12A7) containing hopping carriers (2006)

We have performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) of carrier-doped nanoporous crystal 12CaO/spl middot/7Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ (C12A7) showing the Mott variable range hopping at room temperature. The frequency dependence of both the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant can be simply explained by considering two contributions: a phonon vibration and an AC hopping conduction with the Jonscher law generally reported up to GHz range.
The Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin is a urea permease that promotes urea diffusion across epithelia (2001)

Urease and the cytotoxin VacA are two major virulence factors of the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori, which is responsible for severe gastroduodenal diseases. Diffusion of urea, the substrate of urease, into the stomach is critically required for the survival of infecting H. pylori. We now show that VacA increases the transepithelial flux of urea across model epithelia by inducing an unsaturable permeation pathway. This transcellular pathway is selective, as it conducts thiourea, but not glycerol and mannitol, demonstrating that it is not due to a loosening of intercellular junctions. Experiments performed with different cell lines, grown in a nonpolarized state, confirm that VacA permeabilizes the cell plasma membrane to urea. Inhibition studies indicate that transmembrane pores formed by VacA act as passive urea transporters. Thus, their inhibition by the anion channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid significantly decreases toxin-induced urea fluxes in both polarized and nonpolarized cells. Moreover, phloretin, a well-known inhibitor of eukaryotic urea transporters, blocks VacA-mediated urea and ion transport and the toxin’s main biologic effects. These data show that VacA behaves as a low-pH activated, passive urea transporter potentially capable of permeabilizing the gastric epithelium to urea. This opens the novel possibility that in vivo VacA may favor H. pylori infectivity by optimizing urease activity.
Identification and validation of anti-TMEFF2-Auristatin E conjugated antibodies in the treatment of prostate cancer (2004)

2557 Background: Current treatments for advanced stage prostate cancer are largely ineffectual, resulting in high mortality and morbidity. Experimental strategies to fulfill this unmet medical need include the use of toxin-based antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to specifically target cancer cells in vivo. Using gene expression profiling, TMEFF2 was identified as being selective to prostate cancer and was validated as a target suitable for an ADC approach using pre-clinical xenograft models in vivo. Methods: A panel of antibodies specific to TMEFF2 protein was generated. One antibody was selected on the basis of affinity and in vitro functionality as an ADC to undergo further analysis in vivo. Results: TMEFF2, a gene encoding a plasma membrane protein with 2 follistatin-like domains and one EGF-like domain, was found to exhibit a restricted normal tissue expression profile and was determined to be highly over-expressed in prostate cancer. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) raised against TMEFF2 was used in immunohistochemistry (IHC) of clinical specimens confirming significant TMEFF2 protein expression in 73% of primary prostate tumors. The exquisite tissue specificity of TMEFF2 followed by the over expression in prostate cancer, allowed for the use of an ADC based therapeutic strategy. We used an Auristatin-E conjugated anti-TMEFF2 mAb, Pr1-vcMMAE, to evaluate the effect on human prostate cancer xenograft tumors grown in male severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Treatment of SCID mice bearing LNCaP and CWR22 tumors, both of which express TMEFF2, with doses of 3 to 10 mg/kg of ADC resulted in significant and sustained tumor growth inhibition. No overt in vivo toxicity was observed with either murine or humanized ADC, despite significant cross-reactivity of anti-TMEFF2 mAb with murine TMEFF2 protein, indicating a high safety profile. Conclusions: The TMEFF2 protein exhibits the desired expression profile for an ADC target. Our data on significant tumor growth inhibition in the in vivo treatment models support humanized Pr1-vcMMAE as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of prostate cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Protein Design Labs, Inc. Protein Design Labs, Inc. Protein Design Labs, Inc.
Video A from Preclinical Development of MGC018, a Duocarmycin-based Antibody–drug Conjugate Targeting B7-H3 for Solid Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;5000 Hs700T parental cells only without treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Business-Health Coalitions (1986)

Collaborative efforts by regional employers have had a major impact on medical-care costs and developments.
Multifunctional Dendrimer Ligands for High-Efficiency, Solution-Processed Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes (2016)

We present multifunctional dendrimer ligands that serve as the charge injection controlling layer as well as the adhesive layer at the interfaces between quantum dots (QDs) and the electron transport layer (ETL) in quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Specifically, we use primary amine-functionalized dendrimer ligands (e.g., a series of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PADs, also referred to PAMAM)) that bind to the surface of QDs by replacing the native ligands (oleic acids) and also to the surface of ZnO ETL. PAD ligands control the electron injection rate from ZnO ETL into QDs by altering the electronic energy levels of the surface of ZnO ETL and thereby improve the charge balance within QDs in devices, leading to the enhancement of the device efficiency. As an ultimate achievement, the device efficiency (peak external quantum efficiency) improves by a factor of 3 by replacing the native ligands (3.86%) with PAD ligands (11.36%). In addition, multibranched dendrimer ligands keep the QD emissive layer intact during subsequent solution processing, enabling us to accomplish solution-processed QLEDs. The approach and results in the present study emphasize the importance of controlling the ligands of QDs to enhance QLED performance and also offer simple yet effective chemical mean toward all-solution-processed QLEDs.
Nitric oxide: emerging concepts about its use in cell-based therapies (2006)

Regenerative medicine is an emerging clinical discipline in which cell-based therapies are used to restore the functions of damaged or defective tissues and organs. Along with the well-established use of cells derived from bone marrow or pancreatic islets, novel approaches of cell therapy have recently emerged that appear particularly promising; that is, those using cell-based vaccines and stem cells. This review focuses on the recent developments of these experimental therapeutic approaches and their drawbacks, with specific focus on dendritic cell vaccines in tumours and mesoangioblasts in muscular dystrophies. The authors discuss how the unique properties of a gaseous messenger, NO, may be exploited to overcome some of the drawbacks of these cell-based approaches in combined therapies based on NO-releasing drugs and cell delivery.
RF/DSP Codesign Methodology of Enhanced Doherty Amplifiers (2012)

In this brief, a mixed radio frequency/digital signal processing (DSP) codesign approach is proposed to enhance the performance of Doherty power amplifiers (PAs). For the hardware optimization, a load-pull-based design methodology is proposed to determine the optimal matching elements of the main amplifier for enhanced efficiency at back-off. Subsequently, DSP control of the baseband input signal is used to efficiently distribute the drive power between the main and auxiliary amplifiers in order to enhance the efficiency at high power levels and also to improve the linearity. Precisely, the input power is evenly distributed between the two amplifiers at the back-off region and then unequally split with more drive into the auxiliary amplifier once the latter turns on. This allows for improving the load modulation behavior of the Doherty PA and flattening its gain response, which yield enhanced efficiency and improved linearity. For the experimental validation, the proposed codesign approach is applied to implement a dual-input Doherty PA based on a 10-W gallium nitride (GaN) device. Measurement results with wideband code division multiple access demonstrated improvements of up to 5% in average drain efficiency and up to 3 dB in adjacent channel leakage ratio.