gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-coherent and semi-coherent schemes for physical-layer wireless network coding (2011)

We investigate non-coherent and semi-coherent schemes for physical-layer network coding in two-way relaying scenarios. We distinguish between scenarios without any channel knowledge requirements (non-coherent communication) and scenarios when either the relay or the users have receive channel knowledge (semi-coherent communication). We combine the paradigm of subspace-based communication originally developed for non-coherent point-to-point channels, with two-way relaying schemes based on physical-layer wireless network coding with denoise-and-forward (DNF). The aim is to demonstrate that denoising can be performed non-coherently and to investigate if these schemes offer an improvement over the schemes based on amplify-and-forward (AF).
EYS Mutations Causing Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa: Changes of Retinal Structure and Function with Disease Progression (2017)

Mutations in the <i>EYS</i> (eyes shut homolog) gene are a common cause of autosomal recessive (ar) retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Without a mammalian model of human <i>EYS</i> disease, there is limited understanding of details of disease expression and rates of progression of the retinal degeneration. We studied clinically and with chromatic static perimetry, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and <i>en face</i> autofluoresence imaging, a cohort of 15 patients (ages 12-51 at first visit), some of whom had longitudinal data of function and structure. Rod sensitivity was able to be measured by chromatic perimetry in most patients at their earliest visits and some patients retained patchy rod function into the fifth decade of life. As expected from RP, cone sensitivity persisted after rod function was no longer measurable. The photoreceptor nuclear layer of the central retina was abnormal except at the fovea in most patients at first visit. Perifoveal disease measured over a period of years indicated that photoreceptor structural loss was followed by dysmorphology of the inner retina and loss of retinal pigment epithelial integrity. Although there could be variability in severity, preliminary analyses of the rates of vision loss suggested that <i>EYS</i> is a more rapidly progressive disease than other ciliopathies causing arRP, such as <i>USH2A</i> and <i>MAK</i>.
Iso-g(2) Processes in Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics (2001)

The pair correlation function g(2)(r) in a classical many-body system depends in a nontrivial way both on the number density ρ and on the pair interactions ν(r), and a long-standing goal of statistical mechanics has been to predict these effects quantitatively. The present investigation focuses on a restricted circumstance whereby simultaneous isothermal changes in ρ and ν(r) have exactly canceling effects on g(2). By appealing to the isothermal compressibility relation, we establish that an upper limit for density increase exists for this “iso-g(2)” process, and at this limit in three dimensions the correspondingly modified pair interaction develops a long-ranged Coulombic character. Using both the standard hypernetted chain and Percus−Yevick approximations, we have examined the iso-g(2) process for rigid rods in one dimension that starts at zero density, and maintains the simple step-function pair correlation during density increase, a process that necessarily terminates at a covering fraction of one-half. These results have been checked with detailed Monte Carlo simulations. We have also estimated the effective pair potentials that are required for the corresponding rigid-sphere model in three dimensions, for which the simple step-function pair correlation can be maintained up to a covering fraction of one-eighth.
Unique T Cell Effector Functions Elicited by Plasmodium falciparum Epitopes in Malaria-Exposed Africans Tested by Three T Cell Assays (2001)

Natural immunity to malaria is characterized by low level CD4 T cell reactivity detected by either lymphoproliferation or IFN-gamma secretion. Here we show a doubling in the detection rate of responders to the carboxyl terminus of circumsporozoite protein (CS) of Plasmodium falciparum by employing three T cell assays simultaneously: rapid IFN-gamma secretion (ex vivo ELISPOT), IFN-gamma secretion after reactivation of memory T cells and expansion in vitro (cultured ELISPOT), and lymphoproliferation. Remarkably, for no individual peptide did a positive response for one T cell effector function correlate with any other. Thus these CS epitopes elicited unique T cell response patterns in malaria-exposed donors. Novel or important epitope responses may therefore be missed if only one T cell assay is employed. A borderline correlation was found between anti-CS Ab levels and proliferative responses, but no correlation was found with ex vivo or cultured IFN-gamma responses. This suggested that the proliferating population, but not the IFN-gamma-secreting cells, contained cells that provide help for Ab production. The data suggest that natural immunity to malaria is a complex function of T cell subgroups with different effector functions and has important implications for future studies of natural T cell immunity.
Package-on-package with very fine pitch interconnects for high bandwidth (2013)

Computing platforms are trending towards multi-core and low power processors coupled with high bandwidth memory in close proximity for both client and cloud applications. The most critical feature to keep increasing the performance is the processor-memory interconnect. This is best achieved by placing memory on top of the processor and connecting them through very short and high number of interconnects. However, current 3D packages are limited in number of interconnects primarily due to their low aspect ratio. A new PoP interconnect technology is presented that offers very fine pitch (0.2mm and lower) and high aspect ratio (10:1 and higher), hence enabling high bandwidth between the processor and memory. This is achieved through forming free-standing wire-bonds along the periphery of the processor chip and encapsulating the package leaving miniature posts projecting from the top of the package to be connected to the memory package. It is shown that more than 1000 interconnects can be formed within the same footprint as current packages. The wire-bonds called Bond Via Array (BVA) are Palladium coated copper wires with tips exposed after encapsulation through wet etch techniques. The BVA PoP process development, assembly and reliability test results are presented. The assembly was done at high yield and it successfully completed all reliability tests including MSL, on-board temperature cycling, high temperature storage, and drop tests. These results demonstrate that the BVA PoP is ready for implementation at a high volume manufacturing facility.
1111 Basic study of hybrid type ultrasonic flowmeter using Ultrasonic Doppler Method and Time of Flight (2005)

ey Words UDM ' ' trason' c Ooe Me o OF ' me of fiigh t ) ' ow rate measurement Veloc' fy m ' e Ultrason ' c ' se pressure )fiies Shifi o ' c o a 9 ' e
Conversion Tables: pinyin and Wade-Giles (1987)

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Intranasal immunization with a single dose of the fusion protein formulated with a combination adjuvant induces long-term protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus (2017)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of respiratory tract infections in both children and elderly people. In this study we evaluated the short- and long-term protective efficacy of a single intranasal (IN) immunization with a RSV vaccine formulation consisting of a codon-optimized fusion (F) protein formulated with poly(I:C), an innate defense regulator peptide and a polyphosphazene (ΔF/TriAdj). This vaccine induced strong systemic and local immune responses, including RSV F-specific IgG1 and IgG2a, SIgA and virus neutralizing antibodies in mice. Furthermore, ΔF/TriAdj promoted production of IFN-γ-secreting T cells and RSV F<sub>85-93</sub>-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> effector T cells. After RSV challenge, no virus was recovered from the lungs of the vaccinated mice. To evaluate the duration of immunity induced by a single IN vaccination, mice were again immunized once with ΔF/TriAdj and challenged with RSV five months later. High levels of IgG1, IgG2a and virus neutralizing antibodies were detected in the ΔF/TriAdj-vaccinated animals. Moreover, this vaccine formulation induced robust local SIgA production and IgA-secreting memory B cell development, and conferred complete protection against subsequent RSV challenge. In conclusion, a single IN vaccination with RSV ΔF protein formulated with TriAdj induced robust, long-term protective immune responses against RSV infection.
Site-Specific Insertion of 3-Aminotyrosine into Subunit α2 of E. coli Ribonucleotide Reductase:  Direct Evidence for Involvement of Y 730 and Y 731 in Radical Propagation (2007)

E. coli ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the production of deoxynucleotides using complex radical chemistry. Active RNR is composed of a 1:1 complex of two subunits: alpha2 and beta2. Alpha2 binds nucleoside diphosphate substrates and deoxynucleotide/ATP allosteric effectors and is the site of nucleotide reduction. Beta2 contains the stable diiron tyrosyl radical (Y122.) cofactor that initiates deoxynucleotide formation. This process is proposed to involve reversible radical transfer over >35 A between the Y122 in beta2 and C439 in the active site of alpha2. A docking model of alpha2beta2, based on structures of the individual subunits, suggests that radical initiation involves a pathway of transient, aromatic amino acid radical intermediates, including Y730 and Y731 in alpha2. In this study the function of residues Y730 and Y731 is investigated by their site-specific replacement with 3-aminotyrosine (NH2Y). Using the in vivo suppressor tRNA/aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase method, Y730NH2Y-alpha2 and Y731NH2Y-alpha2 have been generated with high fidelity in yields of 4-6 mg/g of cell paste. These mutants have been examined by stopped flow UV-vis and EPR spectroscopies in the presence of beta2, CDP, and ATP. The results reveal formation of an NH2Y radical (NH2Y730. or NH2Y731.) in a kinetically competent fashion. Activity assays demonstrate that both NH2Y-alpha2s make deoxynucleotides. These results show that the NH2Y. can oxidize C439 suggesting a hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for the radical propagation pathway within alpha2. The observed NH2Y. may constitute the first detection of an amino acid radical intermediate in the proposed radical propagation pathway during turnover.
Photodegradable transient bilayered poly(phthalaldehyde) with improved shelf life (2019)

Metastable poly(phthalaldehyde) (PPHA) can be triggered to depolymerize under visible light by incorporation of photosensitive compounds, such as a photoacid generator (PAG), which can generate a strong acid in situ. However, photosensitive compounds can be thermally unstable and have limited shelf life, causing inadvertent device triggering. It can also be difficult to fabricate components that are photosensitive because special lighting conditions are needed. In this paper, nonphotosensitive PPHA films were formed and made photosensitive at the point of use. This improved the material shelf life and manufacturability by adding a second, PAG‐containing layer to the original nonphotosensitive layer at an optimal point before use. The catalytic photoacid was generated rapidly by exposure of the PAG‐containing layer to radiation. Depolymerization of PPHA via the acid catalyst was followed by diffusion of the acid into the nonphotosensitive layer causing it to depolymerize. Diffusion of the photoacid into the nonphotosensitive medium was quantified at various temperatures. Photoacid diffusion in a liquid, moving‐front caused depolymerization of the nonphotosensitive PPHA layer. The fabricated bilayer structure allowed for better stability of the structural material using PPHA while still achieving transience.
Supplementary Material 3 from Androgen Glucuronidation: An Unexpected Target for Androgen Deprivation Therapy, with Prognosis and Diagnostic Implications (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7458K, Supplementary material 3: Representative examples of immunoexpression obtained after incubation of prostate tissue microarrays with the anti-UGT2B15, anti-UGT2B17 or anti-vimentin antibodies: Comparison BPH vs Untreated.&lt;/p&gt;
Enhanced Efflux Pump Expression in Candida Mutants Results in Decreased Manogepix Susceptibility (2020)

Manogepix is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that inhibits glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis. Using whole-genome sequencing, we characterized two efflux-mediated mechanisms in the fungal pathogens <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> that resulted in decreased manogepix susceptibility. In <i>C. albicans</i>, a gain-of-function mutation in the transcription factor gene <i>ZCF29</i> activated expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter genes <i>CDR11</i> and <i>SNQ2</i> In <i>C. parapsilosis</i>, a mitochondrial deletion activated expression of the major facilitator superfamily transporter gene <i>MDR1</i>.
Evaluation of internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA sequence analysis for molecular characterization ofCandida albicansandCandida dubliniensisisolates from HIV-infected patients (2002)

Molecular typing systems have been needed to study Candida colonization in HIV-infected patients, particularly for investigating virulence and fluconazole resistance. Three methods--electrophoretic karyotyping (EK), detection of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD)--have been most frequently used. In this study, comparative sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was evaluated for delineation of Candida isolates from 14 HIV-infected patients. EK, ITS sequence analysis, RFLP and RAPD resulted in 11, 10, 9 and 8 DNA genotypes, respectively, from 39 Candida albicans isolates. The 10 genotypes observed using ITS sequence analysis were defined by six variation sites in the sequence. Molecular typing of sequential oral isolates showed the persistence of the same genotype of C. albicans in nine patients, and genotype variation in one patient. EK and RAPD showed that another patient was co-infected by two distinct genotypes and ITS analysis identified one of the two genotypes as Candida dubliniensis. Comparative ITS sequence analysis is a quick and reproducible method that provides clear and objective results, and it also identifies C. dubliniensis. The discriminatory power of this new typing approach could be improved by concomitant analysis of other DNA polymorphic sequences.
Losses in single-mode silicon-on-insulator strip waveguides and bends (2004)

We report the fabrication and accurate measurement of propagation and bending losses in single-mode silicon waveguides with submicron dimensions fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafers. Owing to the small sidewall surface roughness achieved by processing on a standard 200mm CMOS fabrication line, minimal propagation losses of 3.6+/-0.1dB/cm for the TE polarization were measured at the telecommunications wavelength of 1.5microm. Losses per 90 masculine bend are measured to be 0.086+/-0.005dB for a bending radius of 1microm and as low as 0.013+/-0.005dB for a bend radius of 2microm. These record low numbers can be used as a benchmark for further development of silicon microphotonic components and circuits.
Hybrid Model Predictive Control of Direct Injection Stratified Charge Engines (2006)

This paper illustrates the application of hybrid modeling and model predictive control techniques to the management of air-to-fuel ratio and torque in advanced technology gasoline direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engines. A DISC engine is an example of a constrained hybrid dynamical system, because it can operate in two distinct modes (stratified and homogeneous) and because the mode-dependent constraints on the air-to-fuel ratio and on the spark timing need to be enforced during its operation to avoid misfire, knock, and high combustion variability. In this paper, we approximate the DISC engine dynamics as a two-mode discrete-time switched affine system. Using this approximation, we tune a hybrid model predictive controller with integral action based on online mixed-integer quadratic optimization, and show the effectiveness of the approach through simulations. Then, using an offline multiparametric optimization procedure, we convert the controller into an equivalent explicit piecewise affine form that is easily implementable in an automotive microcontroller through a lookup table of linear gains
Bioavailability of magnesium in beef cattle fed magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide. (1990)

Two experiments were conducted to compare Mg bioavailability from Mg oxide (MgO) vs Mg hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) fed in either a completely mixed diet or a mineral supplement. In Exp. 1, these Mg sources were incorporated into completely mixed diets and offered to 15 steers (282 kg) allotted to three treatments: control diet containing .19% Mg, control plus .2% added Mg as MgO, or control plus .2% added Mg as Mg(OH)2. Each calf was fed 5 kg/d of the respective diet during 10-d adjustment and 7-d collection periods. Blood samples were collected on d 1, 3 and 7. Mg supplementation increased (P less than .01) fecal and urinary Mg excretions, whereas apparent Mg absorption (%) and retention were similar (P greater than .10) for all treatments. Plasma Mg concentrations were similar (P less than .10) for calves supplemented with MgO and Mg(OH)2 but were higher (P less than .05) for Mg supplemented than for control calves on d 7. In Exp. 2, these Mg sources were incorporated into mineral supplements and offered free choice to 30 spring-calving beef cows gazing tetany-inducing pastures from March 6 to May 1. Each of three groups of 10 cows was assigned to a 5.7-ha tall fescue pasture and offered either a control supplement or a supplement containing 40% MgO or Mg(OH)2. Blood samplers were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56. Plasma Mg concentrations were not different (P greater than .10) for cows offered MgO and Mg(OH)2 but were higher (P less than .01) for Mg-supplemented than for control cows on d 28, 42 and 56.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Carrier Lifetime as a Developmental and Diagnostic Tool in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells (2006)

Minority carrier lifetime measurements were used to optimize processes for amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells. A blue filter highlights surface lifetime and is used to determine the interaction between the front and rear depositions. On n-type substrates, depositing the front p-type layer first led to contamination of the rear surface such that a subsequent n-type deposition on the rear intended as a back surface field had no passivating quality and giving cells with low open-circuit voltages only 580 mV. Switching the order of deposition and depositing the rear n-layer first, improved the quality of the rear passivation and subsequently increased open circuit voltages to over 620 mV; without intrinsic buffer layers. Depositions of intrinsic material resulted in lifetimes of 2.4 ms, and wafer cleaning was found to have a significant impact on measured lifetime. Finally, immersion in hydrofluoric acid was found to be the easiest way to measure substrate lifetime above 1 ms
Congenital complete atrioventricular block in the early pediatric population (2006)

Congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) is a rare potentially lethal disease with an estimated incidence of 1 every 15.000 to 20.000 live born infants.IN STRUCTURALLY NORMAL HEARTS TWO KINDS OF CONGENITAL HEART BLOCK CAN BE IDENTIFIED: one usually diagnosed in utero associated with the circulating maternal anti-SS-A/Ro and anti-SS-B/La antibodies, the other kind is detected later in the neonatal period or during the infancy or childhood and present no clear relation with maternal antibodies. Nowadays, the diagnosis can be made in utero as early as between week 16 and 28 of gestation by foetal echocardiography.The mortality in isolated CCAVB is estimated between 8 and 16% and between 4 and 8% in children and adults. The mortality and morbidity of patients diagnosed outside the neonatal period is significantly lower than those with a in utero diagnosis.Risk factors for worse outcome in CCAVB are the foetal diagnosis, the presence of hydrops fetalis, delivery at 32 weeks gestation, and a ventricular rate <55 beats/min in early pregnancy (13,18).Aim of this review is to delineate the current knowledge on CCAVB presenting in children without structural heart disease including aetiology, outcome and management. Also outlined in this review are some of the problems still debated in this issue.
Automatic cluster parallelization and minimizing communication via selective data replication (2015)

The technology scaling has initiated two distinct trends that are likely to continue into future: first, the increased parallelism in hardware and second, the increasing performance and energy cost of communication relative to computation. Both of the above trends call for development of compiler and runtime systems to automatically parallelize programs and reduce communication in parallel computations to achieve the desired high performance in an energy-efficient fashion. In this paper, we propose the design of an integrated compiler and runtime system that auto-parallelizes loop-nests to clusters and, a novel communication avoidance method that reduces data movement between processors. Communication minimization is achieved via data replication: data is replicated so that a larger share of the whole data set may be mapped to a processor and hence, non-local memory accesses reduced. Experiments on a number of benchmarks show the effectiveness of the approach.