gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Color separation for printing with non-standard inks (2002)

The printing process that uses an arbitrary set of inks, deposited on a substrate in an arbitrary order through variable ink masks is referred to as non-standard printing. The color separation consists of deriving the ink mask values that print with the specific set of inks to the desired color. The color separation method proposed in this paper introduces a special partition of the color space in tetrahedrons, that enables baricentric interpolation of any arbitrary input color as function of tetrahedron vertices. The vertices are selected in the points corresponding to representation of the color combinations resulted by overlapping of the input colors set in the color space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Current status of the IBM Trainable Speech Synthesis System. (2001)

This paper describes the current status of the IBM Trainable Speech Synthesis System. The system is a state-of-the-art, trainable, unit-selection based concatenative speech synthesiser. The system uses hidden Markov models (HMMs) to provide a phonetic transcription and HMM state alignment of a database of single-speaker continuous-speech training data. The runtime synthesiser uses the HMM state sized segments that result as its basic synthesis units. It determines which segments to concatenate to produce a target sentence using decision trees built from the training data and a dynamic programming search to optimise a perceptually motivated cost function. The synthesiser can operate both in general domain Text-to-Speech mode, and in Phrase Splicing mode to provide higher quality synthesis in limited domains. Systems have been built in at least 10 different languages and over 70 voices. 1.
Identification and annotation of genetic variants (SNP/Indel) in Danish Jutland cattle (2014)

We sequenced the whole-genome of a Danish Jutland bull to identify genetic variants (SNP/indel). Using UnifiedGenotyper from the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK), we identified 6,812,198 SNPs and 804,453 indels. There were 2,598,000 (38.1%) novel SNPs and 607,923(75.6%) novel indels while the remaining was annotated in dbSNP build 133. In-depth annotation of the variants revealed that 45,776 SNPs affected the coding sequences of 11,538 genes, 221 SNPs predicted to cause a premature stop codon, 17 to cause a gain in coding sequence and 20,828 predicted to be non-synonymous. We identified 1,122 indels in coding sequences, 832 predicted to cause frame shift, 89 predicted to be inframe insertion and 115 to be inframe deletion. We detected a higher level of genetic variation in the Jutland bull compared to similar data from Holstein cattle
A pressure sensor using tapered optical fiber and curved polymer films (2011)

A pressure or touch sensor is proposed by using a tapered optical fiber and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) curved films. Under pressure, the light in the tapered optical fiber is partially leaked into the films by the evanescent field properties. The optical attenuation of the tapered optical fiber is directly related to the pressure change and sensitive to the profile of the film. By monitoring the change of the transmitted optical power of the tapered optical fiber, the change of pressure is measured.
Two flavones from Salvia leriaefolia. (2009)

The methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Salvia leriaefolia (labiatae) afforded 5-hydroxy4´, 6, 7-trimethoxy flavone (Salvigenin) and (5,4´-dihydroxy-7-methoxy flavone (Genkwanin). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using 1 and 2 D-NMR, IR, UV and MS.
Topotactic Interconversion of Nanoparticle Superlattices (2013)

The directed assembly of nanoparticle building blocks is a promising method for generating sophisticated three-dimensional materials by design. In this work, we have used DNA linkers to synthesize nanoparticle superlattices that have greater complexity than simple binary systems using the process of topotactic intercalation-the insertion of a third nanoparticle component at predetermined sites within a preformed binary lattice. Five distinct crystals were synthesized with this methodology, three of which have no equivalent in atomic or molecular crystals, demonstrating a general approach for assembling highly ordered ternary nanoparticle superlattices whose structures can be predicted before their synthesis. Additionally, the intercalation process was demonstrated to be completely reversible; the inserted nanoparticles could be expelled into solution by raising the temperature, and the ternary superlattice could be recovered by cooling.
Synthesis of Stereochemically and Skeletally Diverse Fused Ring Systems from Functionalized C-Glycosides (2013)

A diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) strategy was developed for the synthesis of stereochemically diverse fused-ring systems containing a pyran moiety. Each scaffold contains an amine and methyl ester for further diversification via amine capping and amide coupling. Scaffold diversity was evaluated in comparison to previously prepared scaffolds by a shape-based principal moments of inertia (PMI) analysis.
A Novel Vaccine Strategy to Overcome Poor Immunogenicity of Avian Influenza Vaccines through Mobilization of Memory CD4 T Cells Established by Seasonal Influenza (2019)

Avian influenza vaccines exhibit poor immunogenicity in humans. We hypothesized that one factor underlying weak B cell responses was sequence divergence between avian and seasonal influenza hemagglutinin proteins, thus limiting the availability of adequate CD4 T cell help. To test this, a novel chimeric hemagglutinin protein (cH7/3) was derived, comprised of the stem domain from seasonal H3 hemagglutinin and the head domain from avian H7. Immunological memory to seasonal influenza was established in mice, through strategies that included seasonal inactivated vaccines, Flumist, and synthetic peptides derived from the H3 stalk domain. After establishment of memory, mice were vaccinated with H7 or cH7/3 protein. The cH7/3 Ag was able to recall H3-specific CD4 T cells, and this potentiated CD4 T cell response was associated with enhanced early germinal center response and rapid elicitation of Abs to H7, including Abs specific for the H7 head domain. These results suggest that in pandemic situations, inclusion of CD4 T cell epitopes from seasonal viruses have the potential to overcome the poor immunogenicity of avian vaccines by helping B cells and conferring greater subtype-specific Ab response to viral HA.
Controlling the exciton lifetime of blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters using a heteroatom-containing pyridoindole donor moiety (2017)

We demonstrate a promising molecular design approach to achieve short exciton lifetime, small singlet and triplet energy splitting and high photoluminescence quantum yield in thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for high quantum efficiency and low efficiency roll-off characteristics in OLEDs.
Regulation of S49 lymphoma cell growth by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. (1978)

S49 lymphoma tissue culture cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle when treated with agents that elevate endogenous cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP), such as cholera toxin or exogenously added active congeners of cAMP such as N6,O2'-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (Bt2cAMP). This phenomenon requires that cells contain the appropriate receptors: Mutant cells deficient in adenylyl cyclase fail to arrest in response to cholera toxin, and another mutant that lacks cAMP-dependent protein kinase does not respond to cholera toxin or to Bt2cAMP. The size distribution of cell populations treated with Bt2cAMP changes in a manner that reflects only the perturbation of cell cycle distribution. Arrested G1 cells in particular have the same volume as the G1 cells of an exponentially growing population. When G1 cells that have been arrested by Bt2cAMP are grown in fresh medium free of Bt2cAMP, they begin to reenter S phase after a delay of about 6 hr and do so with pseudo-first-order kinetics, with a half-life of 5 hr. These and other properties previously described suggest that cAMP regulates S49 cell growth by physiologically significant rather than artifactual mechanisms.
A Self-Locking Molecule Operative with a Photoresponsive Key (2006)

Rotary host 1, composed of a ferrocene unit as a rotary module, is conformationally locked internally in apolar solvents such as benzene by a double intramolecular Zn-N coordination between the zinc porphyrin and aniline units, attached to each cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ring. Upon addition of the cis form of 1,2-bispyridylethylene (cis-2) to (+)-1 ([cis-2]/[(+)-1] = 5.0), an enantiomer of 1, the intramolecular Zn-N coordination bonds in (+)-1 are readily cleaved to form an externally locked, cyclodimeric one-to-one complex (+)-1 subset cis-2, accompanying a rotation of the ferrocene module, as visualized by CD spectroscopy. In contrast, use of trans-2, in place of cis-2, under otherwise identical conditions to the above, did not result in releasing the internal double lock of (+)-1. Such a large difference between the isomers of 2 in the affinity toward host 1, along with their capabilities of photochemical interconversion, allowed for the demonstration of a reversible self-locking operation of 1. Namely, the externally locked state of 1, as in the form of 1 supersetcis-2, spontaneously retrieves the internally locked state, after the release of 2 from 1 upon cis-to-trans photochemical isomerization of ligating 2, while the backward photochemical isomerization of 2 in the presence of 1 results in switching of 1 to its externally locked state.
High resolution spectroscopic optical coherence tomography in the 900-1100 nm wavelength range (2002)

We demonstrate for the first time optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the 900-1100 nm wavelength range. A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) in combination with a sub-15fs Ti:sapphire laser is used to produce an emission spectrum with an optical bandwidth of 35 nm centered at ~1070 nm. Coupling the light from the PCF based source to an optimized free space OCT system results in ~15 micrometers axial resolution in air, corresponding to ~10 micrometers in biological tissue. The near infrared wavelength range around 1100 nm is very attractive for high resolution ophthalmologic OCT imaging of the anterior and posterior eye segment with enhanced penetration. The emission spectrum of the PCF based light source can also be reshaped and tuned to cover the wavelength region around 950-970 nm, where water absorption has a local peak. Therefore, the OCT system described in this paper can also be used for spatially resolved water absorption measurements in non-transparent biological tissue. A preliminary qualitative spectroscopic Oct measurement in D<SUB>2</SUB>O and H<SUB>2</SUB> O phantoms is described in this paper.
Radiographic Assessment of Thoracolumbar Fractures based on Axial Zones (2012)

The current 3-column theory of spinal stability does not account for the axial component of an injury. Application of our proposed "axial zone model" may enhance the ability to predict stability, depending not only on the number of columns, but also on the number of zones involved in the injuries. Further clinical and biomechanical studies are warranted to validate this model.
Automated Data Gathering and Training Tool for Personalized "Itchy Nose" (2018)

In "Itchy Nose" we proposed a sensing technique for detecting finger movements on the nose for supporting subtle and discreet interaction. It uses the electrooculography sensors embedded in the frame of a pair of eyeglasses for data gathering and uses machine-learning technique to classify different gestures. Here we further propose an automated training and visualization tool for its classifier. This tool guides the user to make the gesture in proper timing and records the sensor data. It automatically picks the ground truth and trains a machine-learning classifier with it. With this tool, we can quickly create trained classifier that is personalized for the user and test various gestures.
Dynamics of transient microbubbles generated by fs-laser irradiation of plasmonic micropyramids (2017)

We investigated the dynamics of microbubbles induced by fs-laser irradiation of plasmonic micropyramids in water. We simulated the localized plasmonic enhancement on the micropyramids using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique and experimentally confirmed the enhancement by observing the laser-induced damage pattern on the substrate. Finally, we experimentally observed the generation of micrometer-sized bubbles on our fabricated structures. We find that the maximum bubble diameter and bubble lifetime depend on power, exposure time, and repetition rate of the laser. The maximum bubble diameter increases with laser exposure time until a balance is reached between the surface tension and the pressure inside and outside the bubble.
Oberflächenmodifikation von porösem Silicium durch elektrochemische Reduktion organischer Halogenide (1999)

Die Funktionalisierung hydridterminierter Oberflächen von porösem und von einkristallinem Silicium mit organischen Verbindungen gelang durch elektrochemische Reduktion von organischen Iodiden und Bromiden (siehe Schema). Diese neue Methode ist schnell und effizient, und es wird eine hohe Oberflächenbedeckung mit funktionalisierten und nichtfunktionalisierten Alkyl- und Benzylgruppen in wenigen Minuten erreicht.
Novel Inhibitors of Human Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Identified by QSAR Modeling of Known Inhibitors, Virtual Screening, and Experimental Validation (2009)

Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACIs) have emerged as a new class of drugs for the treatment of human cancers and other diseases because of their effects on cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study we have developed several quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for 59 chemically diverse histone deacetylase class 1 (HDAC1) inhibitors. The variable selection k nearest neighbor (kNN) and support vector machines (SVM) QSAR modeling approaches using both MolconnZ and MOE chemical descriptors generated from two-dimensional rendering of compounds as chemical graphs have been employed. We have relied on a rigorous model development workflow including the division of the data set into training, test, and external sets and extensive internal and external validation. Highly predictive QSAR models were generated with leave-one-out cross-validated (LOO-CV) q2 and external R2 values as high as 0.80 and 0.87, respectively, using the kNN/MolconnZ approach and 0.93 and 0.87, respectively, using the SVM/MolconnZ approach. All validated QSAR models were employed concurrently for virtual screening (VS) of an in-house compound collection including 9.5 million molecules compiled from the ZINC7.0 database, the World Drug Index (WDI) database, the ASINEX Synergy libraries, and other commercial databases. VS resulted in 45 structurally unique consensus hits that were considered novel putative HDAC1 inhibitors. These computational hits had several novel structural features that were not present in the original data set. Four computational hits with novel scaffolds were tested experimentally, and three of them were confirmed active against HDAC1, with IC50 values for the most active compound of 1.00 microM. The fourth compound was later identified to be a selective inhibitor of HDAC6, a Class II HDAC. Moreover, two of the confirmed hits are marketed drugs, which could potentially facilitate their further development as anticancer agents. This study illustrates the power of the combined QSAR-VS method as a general approach for the effective identification of structurally novel bioactive compounds.
Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV with ATLAS (2014)

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 8 TeV. The analysis is performed in the H decay channel using 20.3 fb -1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The pp H fiducial cross section is measured to be 43.2 9.4 (stat.) +3.2 -2.9 (syst.) 1.2 (lumi) fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4 GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations.
High power fiber lasers the revitalisation of laser technology (1997)

Summary form only given. A comprehensive range of CW and pulsed fibre lasers and amplifiers delivering from 1 to 30 W average power is reported. The novel technological platform exploiting the advantages of silica fibre lasers along with high power laser diode pumping results in developing a new generation of laser sources suitable for multiple applications. The main features of these laser sources are extremely high wall plug efficiency (up to 10-20%), high reliability (typically 100,000 hours or higher), compactness and robustness in operation, and also the flexibility in performance. The application of the laser sources for terrestrial telecommunications and also free space ranging applications satellite communication, marking printing and others areas is discussed. In particular, we will present 10 W single mode CW erbium doped fibre amplifier for operation around 1550 nm, "eye safe" pulse laser system operating at 1-100 kHz repetition rate and delivering 1-100 nsec pulse with peak power up to 100 kW, single frequency (<10 kHz) fibre lasers with up to 10 W CW power, high power ytterbium CW fibre lasers for operation around 1 /spl mu/m in CW or pulse, and also with direct modulation with DC to 1 GHz bandwidth.
Tellurite-based core-clad dual-electrodes composite fibers (2017)

Tailored tellurite-glasses possess excellent thermo-viscous ability and linear/nonlinear optical properties. Here, bringing together the merits of these materials with fiber optic technology, we report on the first tellurite-based core-clad dual-electrode composite fiber made by direct, homothetic preform-to-fiber thermal co-drawing. The rheological and optical properties of the selected glasses allow both to regulate the metallic melting flow and to manage the refractive index core/clad waveguide profile. We demonstrate the electrical continuity of the electrodes over meters of fiber. We believe the drawing of architectures merging electrical and optical features in a unique elongated wave-guiding structure will enable to develop new in-fiber functionalities based on hybrid electric/optic nonlinear effects.
Machine learning assisted quantum super-resolution microscopy (2021)

One of the main characteristics of optical imaging systems is the spatial resolution, which is restricted by the diffraction limit to approximately half the wavelength of the incident light. Along with the recently developed classical super-resolution techniques, which aim at breaking the diffraction limit in classical systems, there is a class of quantum super-resolution techniques which leverage the non-classical nature of the optical signals radiated by quantum emitters, the so-called antibunching super-resolution microscopy. This approach can ensure a factor of $\sqrt{n}$ improvement in the spatial resolution by measuring the n-th order autocorrelation function. The main bottleneck of the antibunching super-resolution microscopy is the time-consuming acquisition of multi-photon event histograms. We present a machine learning-assisted approach for the realization of rapid antibunching super-resolution imaging and demonstrate 12 times speed-up compared to conventional, fitting-based autocorrelation measurements. The developed framework paves the way to the practical realization of scalable quantum super-resolution imaging devices that can be compatible with various types of quantum emitters.
Myosin V Plays an Essential Role in the Thyroid Hormone-dependent Endocytosis of Type II Iodothyronine 5′-Deiodinase (2000)

In astrocytes, thyroxine modulates type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase levels by initiating the binding of the endosomes containing the enzyme to microfilaments, followed by actin-based endocytosis. Myosin V is a molecular motor thought to participate in vesicle trafficking in the brain. In this report, we developed an in vitro actin-binding assay to characterize the thyroid hormone-dependent binding of endocytotic vesicles to microfilaments. Thyroxine and reverse triiodothyronine (EC(50) levels approximately 1 nm) were >100-fold more potent than 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in initiating vesicle binding to actin fibers in vitro. Thyroxine-dependent vesicle binding was calcium-, magnesium-, and ATP-dependent, suggesting the participation of one or more myosin motors, presumably myosin V. Addition of the myosin V globular tail, lacking the actin-binding head, specifically blocked thyroid hormone-dependent vesicle binding, and direct binding of the myosin V tail to enzyme-containing endosomes was thyroxine-dependent. Progressive NH(2)-terminal deletion of the myosin V tail and domain-specific antibody inhibition studies revealed that the thyroxine-dependent vesicle-tethering domain was localized to the last 21 amino acids of the COOH terminus. These data show that myosin V is responsible for thyroid hormone-dependent binding of primary endosomes to the microfilaments and suggest that this motor mediates the actin-based endocytosis of the type II iodothyronine deiodinase.
Fiber-optic tunable microwave transversal filter (1995)

Existing adaptive signal processors are typically implemented by using digital circuits and techniques and so are limited to 1 GHz or less. Fiber-optic signal processing, capable of much higher frequencies, has seen recent rapid development. Transversal filters are reconfigured by weight and/or time-delay control and typically require a plurality of control signals to set the weight or time delay of each signal to be summed. Here we demonstrate the performance of a novel tunable fiber-optic finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter with continuously variable unit time delays (Fig. 1). The FIR filter utilizes several taps with varying net chromatic dispersion (a fiber-optic prism) and an externally modulated wavelength-tunable source.1
Diagnostics of low-voltage power cables by using broadband impedance spectroscopy (2015)

Underground low-voltage cabling will be in important role in the future smart grids to guarantee safe and uninterrupted power distribution. Hence, the diagnosis of cable condition and prognosis of the remaining life time are essential functions. In this paper, a broadband impedance-spectroscopy-based cable diagnosis method is researched and evaluated with laboratory tests. It is found that the proposed method is applicable for fault detection and fault locating in low-voltage power cables, and can be used as the base for the development of low-cost cable online condition monitoring system implemented on modern power line communication modems.