gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Analysis of the PikD Regulatory Factor in the Pikromycin Biosynthetic Pathway of Streptomyces venezuelae (2001)

The Streptomyces venezuelae pikD gene from the pikromycin biosynthetic cluster was analyzed, and its deduced product (PikD) was found to have amino acid sequence homology with a small family of bacterial regulatory proteins. Database comparisons revealed two hypothetical domains, including an N-terminal triphosphate-binding domain and a C-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. Analysis of PikD was initiated by deletion of the corresponding gene (pikD) from the chromosome of S. venezuelae, resulting in complete loss of antibiotic production. Complementation by a plasmid carrying pikD restored macrolide biosynthesis, demonstrating that PikD is a positive regulator. Mutations were made in the predicted nucleotide triphosphate-binding domain, confirming the active-site amino acid residues of the Walker A and B motifs. Feeding of macrolide intermediates was carried out to gauge the points of operon control by PikD. Although the pikD mutant strain was unable to convert macrolactones (10-deoxymethynolide and narbonolide) to glycosylated products, macrolide intermediates (YC-17 and narbomycin) were hydroxylated with high efficiency. To study further the control of biosynthesis, presumed promoter regions from pik cluster loci were linked to the xylE reporter and placed in S. venezuelae wild-type and pikD mutant strains. This analysis demonstrated that PikD-mediated transcriptional regulation occurs at promoters controlling expression of pikRII, pikAI, and desI but not those controlling pikRI or pikC.
Understanding Treatment Disconnect and Mortality Trends in Renal Cell Carcinoma Using Tumor Registry Data (2016)

Missing data and rising incidence may contribute substantially to the "treatment disconnect" phenomenon when examining mortality rates in RCC using tumor registry data. Caution is advised when basing clinical and policy decisions on these data.
Abstract 13794: An Orally-Active Small-Molecule Antagonist of the Platelet Protease-Activated Receptor-4, BMS-986141, Prevents Aeterial Thrombosis With Low Bleeding Liability in Cynomolgus Monkeys (2017)

Introduction: BMS-986141 (BMS) is a small-molecule platelet thrombin receptor antagonist selective for the protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4), and is under clinical investigation. Hypothesis: Blo...
The ethanol extract of Aquilariae Lignum ameliorates hippocampal oxidative stress in a repeated restraint stress mouse model (2017)

We firstly demonstrated the neuroprotective potentials of A. Lignum against hippocampal oxidative injury in repeated restraint stress. The corresponding mechanisms might involve modulations in the release of ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones.
Complex seafloor spreading Knipovich Ridge and its crustal structure: insights from aeromagnetic data (2023)

The interest for the polar regions and complex continental margins and ocean has increased during the last few decades. New technologies allow to conduct research in this hostile environment, permitting to investigate the tectonic and geodynamic history of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. In particular, the crustal and lithospheric structure of the Fram Strait and the transition from the Knipovich Ridge to the Barents Sea shelf and Svalbard are still poorly understood. Several multi-geophysical investigations from various campaigns since the 90s along the Western Barents Sea margin and the Northeast Greenland margin resulted in limited and contradicting interpretations of the crust and upper mantle. In this work, we study the spreading of the Knipovich Ridge and the regional tectonic of the Fram Strait and the Svalbard Margin.Our new KRAS-16 aeromagnetic data survey the complexity of the seafloor spreading history of the Fram Strait region. The high-resolution data identified the magnetic isochrons around the Knipovich Ridge and suggest the presence of several oceanic fracture zones and lineaments in the Fram Strait. The Knipovich ridge spreading initiated at C6 (20&amp;#160;Ma) and a ridge jump occurred at C5E. The oceanic crustal domain was consequently delineated. This new survey suggests that the continent-ocean boundary on the east Barents margin should be relocated up to 150&amp;#160;km farther west compared to previous studies. A 3-D magnetic inversion modelling identified zone with weak magnetization along the rift valley correlated with the absence of volcanic or bathymetric rise evidence. Combined with seismicity data available along the Knipovich Ridge, amagmatic and magmatic accretions show a segmentation of the seafloor spreading that correlates with the variation in magnetization along the rift valley. Furthermore, the new location of the continent-ocean boundary prompted to revise the existing 2-D seismic interpretations in terms of crustal interpretation and tectonic. This is tested further using joint 2-D gravity and magnetic field modelling and electromagnetic/magneto-telluric (CSEM/MT) data. A wide transition lithospheric domain likely comprising an exhumed lower crust or mantle is delineated from our interpretation. These results provide insights of the regional and structural nature of the Knipovich Ridge and its intricate development.
New Generation Clutch Hydraulic Actuation System (1993)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Traditionally manual clutch actuation for automobiles was a spinoff from hydraulic brake technology namely heavy steel or cast iron cylinders, steel pipes and rubber hoses. Because of this archaic, inefficient and expensive approach to providing a mechanical advantage, an alternative lower cost system of cable operation gained popularity throughout the industry. However, the 1:1 ratio of a cable plus routing problems, NVH issues, efficiency losses and the need for complex adjustment mechanisms, opened up the opportunity for a rebirth of the old hydraulic concept.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The goal was to design a system with a totally new approach that would meet the following criteria: High efficiency, increased temperature resistance, increased durability, reduced package size and weight, cost competitive with cable systems, and finally to take advantage of the latest advances in materials and processes.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper will describe the “New Generation Clutch Hydraulic Actuation System” (see &lt;span class="xref"&gt;Figure 1&lt;/span&gt;) from initial concepts, through to the full production stage and acceptance in the automobile industry.&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Data from Targeting BET Proteins BRD2 and BRD3 in Combination with PI3K-AKT Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 3. IC50 at 72 hours and 7 days of BET inhibitor treatment&lt;/p&gt;
A new surface parameterization for modeling thin layers of reflector material in the DETECT2000 optical modeling program (2004)

A new surface parameterization has been implemented in DETECT2000 that allows for the efficient representation of a thin film of reflector material with non-negligible transmission. Material is usually modeled in DETECT by specifying the optical attenuation and scatter lengths. For a material such as Teflon, commonly used as a reflector material for nuclear medicine scintillators, the scatter length can be very short. Modeling the propagation of photons in a material with a very short scattering length can be computationally intensive as there can be many scatter interactions before the photon either exits the material or is absorbed. In a detector design that makes generous use of Teflon, most of the computations can be spent simply transporting photons in the Teflon. To address this issue, a parameterized surface has been implemented which is specified not by the bulk optical scatter and attenuation lengths, but rather by a reflection and transmission coefficient. This allows computationally efficient modeling of thin film reflectors where surface properties and transmission are relevant.
A Glycosylated Cationic Block Poly(β‐peptide) Reverses Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance in All ESKAPE Gram‐Negative Bacteria (2020)

Abstract Carbapenem‐resistant Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB) are heading the list of pathogens for which antibiotics are the most critically needed. Many antibiotics are either unable to penetrate the outer‐membrane or are excluded by efflux mechanisms. Here, we report a cationic block β‐peptide (PAS8‐ b ‐PDM12) that reverses intrinsic antibiotic resistance in GNB by two distinct mechanisms of action. PAS8‐ b ‐PDM12 does not only compromise the integrity of the bacterial outer‐membrane, it also deactivates efflux pump systems by dissipating the transmembrane electrochemical potential. As a result, PAS8‐ b ‐PDM12 sensitizes carbapenem‐ and colistin‐resistant GNB to multiple antibiotics in vitro and in vivo. The β‐peptide allows the perfect alternation of cationic versus hydrophobic side chains, representing a significant improvement over previous antimicrobial α‐peptides sensitizing agents. Together, our results indicate that it is technically possible for a single adjuvant to reverse innate antibiotic resistance in all pathogenic GNB of the ESKAPE group, including those resistant to last resort antibiotics.
A CD strategy for the study of polypeptide folding/unfolding (1991)

The circular dichroism spectrum of the 20-residue immunogenic peptide from the foot-and-mouth disease virus (VP1; 141-160 of serotype A, subtype 12) was solvent- and temperature-dependent. Careful solvent titration revealed two isodichroic points and plateaux consistent with stepwise unfolding of specific stable conformations. Variable temperature studies in cryogenic solvents and urea perturbation were consistent with the existence of three conformational moieties, the left-handed extended helix, the alpha-helix, and the 3(10) helix. The number of residues in each helix was confirmed by CD spectral simulations. The strategy described here can be used to determine the components of a conformational equilibrium and their statistical weights, to study peptide folding and unfolding and to determine the bioactive conformation(s) of linear peptides. The conclusions were supported by 2D-NMR studies. A new mechanism for the stabilization of left-handed extended helices and destabilization of alpha-helices by urea is proposed. The structure of the peptide as resolved by CD spectroscopy is of particular significance since the conformation of this antigenic sequence in situ has so far not been solved by X-ray crystallography.
21.2: Highly Reliable Oxide Thin Film Transistor with Novel Oxide Passivation Layers By All‐Printing Processes (2015)

We have developed highly reliable oxide TFT arrays by allprinted maskless process from gate to passivation layers with 100 ppi RGB resolution. The threshold voltage shifts under positive and negative bias‐temperature‐stress at 50 °C after 10 5 seconds were less than 0.8 and 0.3 V, respectively.
PD measurements in N/sub 2/-SF/sub 6/ gas mixtures (2003)

For the detection of partial discharges in SF/sub 6/ insulated switchgear several methods have been developed. Before applying these techniques in apparatus which apply N/sub 2/-SF/sub 6/ gas mixtures for insulation purposes it has to be investigated whether the discharge processes in the mixtures make their application possible. Therefore PD measurements with different defects, gas mixtures, gas pressures and PD measurement techniques have been carried out.
Low-noise operation modes of a passively mode-locked fiber laser (1991)

Optimum low-noise operation modes of a passively mode-locked fiber laser are described and characterized. The laser produces 60 fs bandwidth limited pulses with root mean square amplitude fluctuations of 0.4% in a frequency-band from 30 Hz to 100 kHz. It is shown that low-noise operation up to 5 dB below the amplitude noise of the pump laser is possible with overall negative cavity group-velocity dispersion and a large difference between the intracavity loss under free-running and mode-locked laser operation. Additional frequency stabilization reduces the timing jitter to 4 fs in a frequency band from 1 kHz to 100 kHz and 110 fs in the 30 Hz to 100 kHz band.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Consolidation and high‐temperature strength of monolithic lanthanum hexaboride (2022)

Abstract In this study we explored the densification, microstructure evolution, and high‐temperature properties of bulk lanthanum hexaboride. LaB 6 bulks were consolidated using spark‐plasma sintering only in the temperature range between 1400°C and 1700°C. We adopted flash spark plasma sintering (SPS) of LaB 6 using a direct current heating without a graphite die. We observed a peculiar grain‐size gradient when coarse grains exceeding 300 μm were observed on the top side of the specimen, while the bottom side had a grain size of 15–20 μm. Such large grain was not observed using SPS at 2000°C, suggesting that these might originate from a local overheating. Based on the three‐point flexural tests, it was observed that the toughness and strength of the LaB 6 were acceptable at room‐temperature (3.1 ± 0.2 MPa m 1/2 , 300 ± 20 MPa). However, at 1600°C, these parameters would decrease to 1.3 ± 0.1 MPa m 1/2 and 120 ± 40 MPa, respectively.
Use of double-channel heterostructures to improve the access resistance and linearity in GaN-based HEMTs (2006)

Double-channel structures have been used in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors to reduce the access resistance. Carrier densities as high as 2.9/spl times/10/sup 13/ cm/sup -2/ and mobilities in the 1300 cm/sup 2//V/spl middot/s range have been obtained in the access region. Also, the correct design of the potential barrier between the different channels allowed tailoring the differential access resistance to enhance the linearity of the transistors. This increase in linearity has been measured as a flatter profile of the transconductance and cutoff frequency versus current and as an improvement of more than 2 dB in large-signal two-tone linearity measurements.
Towards enabling better evaluation of emphysema: investigation into a method to reduce the variability of lung CT attenuation values due to patient size and positioning (2022)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of patient mortality and morbidity. Measuring the amount of emphysema via a non-contrast CT scan plays a major role in the assessment of COPD and possible treatment options. We are interested in evaluating variability in lung CT attenuation values, which directly impacts emphysema scoring. Our investigations are focused on bias in these values due to patient size and positioning effects, as well as a method to reduce this bias. An anthropomorphic lung phantom was scanned in both centered and off-centered positions. Furthermore, patient size variation was simulated using a home-made fat belt. The obtained projection data was first pre-processed and reconstructed as conventionally done on the scanner, then pre-processed with a proposed correction pipeline that is designed to reduce scatter and beam hardening errors in a patient-specific manner. The images from the scanner show that off-centering the phantom changes the difference in mean value between the left and right lung, from 1.5 to 6.5 HU. Moreover, with the fat belt, the mean value in both lungs increases by more than 13 HU and the inhomogeneity of the lung tissue, measured with the standard deviation, nearly doubles with presence of a strong cupping artifact. Using the proposed method to reduce bias, the mean values of the left and right lung are generally closer to each other, the inhomogeneity is either reduced or unchanged, and the cupping artifact is much less pronounced. This is expected to allow more robust emphysema scoring.
Hepcidin concentrations and iron homeostasis in preeclampsia (2010)

Plasma iron concentrations are increased despite high hepcidin concentrations in PE. This might indicate a resistance to the iron-decreasing action of hepcidin.
Metrology characterization for self-aligned double patterning (2008)

Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) scheme is considered as one of the most promising lithographic techniques to meet the challenges for aggressive flash 32 nm semiconductor technology node and beyond. Monitoring the SADP stages implies the necessity to use metrology methods that meet advanced technology nodes requirements. One important growing metrology factor is the Line Edge Roughness (LER). This factor is most relevant due to the unique processing of the outer vs. inner edges in the SADP process. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the right metrics to tightly monitor SADP process, including the roughness behavior of the features on SADP layers, and seek correspondence of LER characteristics between SADP sequential process stages. Additional element of this study will be to examine the performance of CD-SEM roughness analysis on small features, with the usage of improved LER measurement method that takes into account the contribution of SEM imaging noise to the obtained LER values.
Elevated source/drain engineering with smooth surface morphology for ultrathin-SOI CMOS (2002)

A novel selective epitaxial growth (SEG) technology which combines low-temperature UHV-CVD and low-damage sidewall etch-back with a Cl/sub 2/-plasma is experimentally demonstrated for elevated S/D ultra-thin SOI CMOS devices. It is found that the deviation of the parasitic S/D series resistance in elevated S/D sub-40-nm-thick SOI FETs can be nearly as low as that in bulk FETs because the excellent epi-Si surface morphology enables a uniform CoSi/sub 2/ film. Moreover, neither gate/drain bridging nor any other leakage phenomena are pronounced. These results mean that this SEG technology is promising for elevated S/D ultra-thin SOI CMOS devices for the 90-nm technology node and beyond.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Oxahomopentaprismane. (1982)

Abstract Aus dem Tetrabromcyclopentadienonketal (I) wird auf bekanntem Weg das Keton (II) und daraus das Diol (III) hergestellt.
Supplementary Methods from Antiangiogenic and Antimetastatic Activity of JAK Inhibitor AZD1480 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 142K&lt;/p&gt;
Inexpensive, operationally simple flow reactor for rapid, chromatography free synthesis of siloxane based liquid crystals (2018)

We report on the hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes in flow using a “Karstedt-like” platinum-on-silica catalyst to afford liquid-crystalline materials.
Broadband Dual-Pumped Normal-GVD Kerr Combs (2021)

We demonstrate broadband Kerr comb generation spanning &gt;250 nm in a normal group-velocity-dispersion silicon-nitride microresonator using two frequency-nondegenerate pumps. Numerical modeling using a modified Lugiato-Lefever equation reveals the onset of switching waves.
Western Analysis of Histone Modifications (Aspergillus nidulans) (2013)

Western blotting allows for the specific detection of proteins and/or modifications of proteins by an antibody of interest. This protocol utilizes a crude nuclei extraction protocol for <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> to enrich for histones and other nuclear proteins prior to gel electrophoresis. Post translational modifications of histones may then be easily detected. After electrophoresis, the selected antibodies are used to detect and quantify levels of the modifications of interest.
A Generalized Steered Response Power Method for Computationally Viable Source Localization (2007)

The process of locating an acoustic source given measurements of the sound field at multiple microphones is of significant interest as both a classical array signal processing problem, and more recently, as a solution to the problems of automatic camera steering, teleconferencing, hands-free processing, and others. Despite the proven efficacy of steered-beamformer approaches to localization in harsh conditions, their practical application to real-time settings is hindered by undesirably high computational demands. This paper presents a computationally viable implementation of the steered response power (SRP) source localization method. The conventional approach is generalized by introducing an inverse mapping that maps relative delays to sets of candidate locations. Instead of traversing the three-dimensional location space, the one-dimensional relative delay space is traversed; at each lag, all locations which are inverse mapped by that delay are updated. This means that the computation of the SRP map is no longer performed sequentially in space. Most importantly, by subsetting the space of relative delays to only those that achieve a high level of cross-correlation, the required number of algorithm updates is drastically reduced without compromising localization accuracy. The generalization is scalable in the sense that the level of subsetting is an algorithm parameter. It is shown that this generalization may be viewed as a spatial decomposition of the SRP energy map into weighted basis functions-in this context, it becomes evident that the full SRP search considers all basis functions (even the ones with very low weighting). On the other hand, it is shown that by only including a few basis functions per microphone pair, the SRP map is quite accurately represented. As a result, in a real environment, the proposed generalization achieves virtually the same anomaly rate as the full SRP search while only performing 10% the amount of algorithm updates as the full search.
Foot landmarking for footwear customization (2003)

As consumers are becoming increasingly selective of what they wear on their feet, manufacturers are experiencing problems developing and fitting the right footwear. Literature suggests that shoes with a shape similar to feet may be comfortable because they attempt to maintain the feet in a neutral posture. The objective of this paper is to develop a metric to quantify mismatches between feet and lasts and also to be able to generate the two-dimensional outline of the foot using the minimum number of landmarks. Fifty Hong Kong Chinese were participants in the experiment. In addition to subject weight, height, foot length and foot width, the left foot outlines were drawn and 18 landmarks were marked on each of the two-dimensional foot outlines. A step-wise procedure was used to reduce the chosen 18 landmarks to eight, such that the mean absolute negative error (an indicator of 'tightness') between the foot outline and the modelled curve was 1.3 mm. These eight landmarks seem to show an improvement over those proposed by other researchers, thus showing the importance of choosing the right landmarks for modelling the foot. The positive and negative absolute errors were on average 1.8 mm and 1.3 mm respectively. Moreover, the mean errors for the toe region and for the rest of the foot were 1.7 mm and 1.6 mm respectively. The results indicate that the foot outline, an important component for footwear functionality and fitting, may be modelled using eight critical landmarks.
Characteristics of the isolated kidney cell recognized specifically with the monoclonal antibody (γG6) (1983)

Use of microdissected nephron segments shows a limitation for the study of hormone receptors within the kidney because certain segments such as the glomerulus, the connecting tubule and the collecting tubule consist of plural types of cells.
Efficacy of medical and ablation therapy for inappropriate sinus tachycardia: A single‐center experience (2021)

Among all medical therapies, there were high rates of treatment failure or symptom worsening in over three-quarters of patients in our study. Ivabradine was most beneficial, though the sample size was small. While most patients receiving SNM ablation for IST perceive an acute symptomatic improvement, almost two-thirds of patients have no long-term improvement, and resolution of symptoms is quite rare. AV node ablation with pacemaker implantation following lack of response to SNM offered increased success, though the sample size was limited.