gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unraveling Structural Details in Ga-Pd SCALMS Systems Using Correlative Nano-CT, 360° Electron Tomography and Analytical TEM (2021)

We present a comprehensive structural and analytical characterization of the highly promising supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS) system. This novel catalyst shows excellent performance for alkane dehydrogenation, especially in terms of resistance to coking. SCALMS consists of a porous support containing catalytically active low-melting alloy particles (e.g., Ga-Pd) featuring a complex structure, which are liquid at reaction temperature. High-resolution 3D characterization at various length scales is required to reveal the complex pore morphology and catalytically active sites’ location. Nano X-ray computed tomography (nano-CT) in combination with electron tomography (ET) enables nondestructive and scale-bridging 3D materials research. We developed and applied a correlative approach using nano-CT, 360°-ET and analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to decipher the morphology, distribution and chemical composition of the Ga-Pd droplets of the SCALMS system over several length scales. Utilizing ET-based segmentations of nano-CT reconstructions, we are able to reliably reveal the homogenous porous support network with embedded Ga-Pd droplets featuring a nonhomogenous elemental distribution of Ga and Pd. In contrast, large Ga-Pd droplets with a high Ga/Pd ratio are located on the surface of SCALMS primary particles, whereas the droplet size and the Ga/Pd ratio decreases while advancing into the porous volume. Our studies reveal new findings about the complex structure of SCALMS which are required to understand its superior catalytic performance. Furthermore, advancements in lab-based nano-CT imaging are presented by extending the field of view (FOV) of a single experiment via a multiple region-of-interest (ROI) stitching approach.
Are Antifibrinolytics Helpful in Decreasing Blood Loss and Transfusions During Spinal Fusion Surgery in Children With Cerebral Palsy Scoliosis? (2011)

AFs significantly reduced intraoperative EBL associated with PSF, with no adverse effects; however, we could not demonstrate significant differences in total transfusion, except in cell salvage. TXA was more effective than EACA in decreasing the EBL and cell salvage transfusion.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Inhibitors of Botulinum Neurotoxin Metalloprotease. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adsorption of colloidal particles by Brownian dynamics simulation: Kinetics and surface structures (2001)

Careful control of the microstructure of an adsorbed monolayer of colloidal particles is important for creating nanostructured devices through self-assembly processes. We present a computational model study for self-assembly of colloidal or nanoscale particulate systems. We develop a new technique for simulating colloidal adsorption processes, and we examine the kinetics and the structure formation on the surface. The technique allows the simulation of a nonhomogeneous suspension with an open boundary that is in equilibrium with a bulk suspension of known volume fraction, including the mean-field forces from the bulk solution and particle flux between the simulation box and the bulk. Short-time kinetics follow a power law similar to the case of diffusion-limited adsorption. Long-time kinetics fit a 2/3-power law form [P. Schaaf, A. Johner, and J. Talbot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1603 (1991)] and kinetic coefficients are calculated. The zeta potential of the particles is the dominant parameter controlling the final surface coverage, but the zeta potential of the adsorbing surface is the dominant control for the ordering of the adsorbed system. Particles with larger Debye layers (lower salt concentrations) order more easily. Jamming limit coverages are compared to existing equivalent hard-disk models and an energetic model. Since the process is kinetically frustrated, particle exclusion effects play a major role in determining coverage as well as structure.
Search for direct production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons in final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8TeV with the ATLAS detector (2014)

Searches for the electroweak production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons in final states characterized by the presence of two leptons (electrons and muons) and missing transverse momentum are performed using 20.3 fb -1 of proton-proton collision data at s = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.
Evaluation of Two Types of Dual-Frequency Differential GPS Techniques Under Anomalous Ionosphere Conditions (2006)

Strong ionosphere storms are a potential threat for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS). During these storms, large spatial and temporal gradients of the ionosphere component on the GPS signals could cause significant errors in user position estimation. Mitigating these errors is demanding for LAAS, especially for Category III LAAS. Dual-frequency GPS techniques are known to be an effective means of reducing or removing ionosphereinduced errors and thus improving the robustness of LAAS to ionosphere anomalies. We selected two dual-frequency methods and examined their effectiveness against anomalous ionosphere situations. These two methods are divergence-free smoothing (denoted here as “DFree”) and ionosphere-free smoothing (denoted here as “IFree”).
The Influence of Media Type on Attitude Toward Mobile Advertisements Over Time (2011)

This study explores the relationships between consumers and mobile advertisements on attitude change over time. Two experiments were used to investigate both immediate and delayed effects of different media types on attitudes toward mobile advertisements. Experiment 1 formulated three types of advertisements corresponding to three media types: text, still pictures, and motion pictures. The results indicate that motion pictures on mobile phones significantly influence consumers' initial attitudes toward advertisements. Experiment 2, focusing on delayed effects, was conducted 4 weeks after Experiment 1. Ninety-five of the 117 participants in Experiment 1 were contacted via cellular phone. The results of Experiment 2 showed a decrease in attitude in relation to motion pictures, whereas an increase in attitude in relation to text and still pictures was observed. The findings were interpreted from the perspectives of media characteristics, consumer behavior, and advertising research.
Prospective Cytological Assessment of Gastrointestinal Luminal Fluid Acquired During EUS: A Potential Source of False-Positive FNA and Needle Tract Seeding (2010)

Malignant cells are commonly present in the GI luminal fluid of patients with luminal cancers and can also be found in patients with pancreatic cancer after EUS FNA. Further study is needed to determine the impact of these findings on cytological interpretation, staging, risk of needle tract seeding, and patient care and outcomes.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Discovery of 1‐(2‐(6‐Chloro‐3‐methylsulfonyl)‐naphthyl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐5‐carboxylamides as Highly Potent Factor Xa Inhibitors. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Tcl1 Expression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Is Regulated by <i>miR-29</i> and <i>miR-181</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 654KB&lt;/p&gt;
The effect of pulse length on transient cavitation inception (1982)

Most ultrasonic systems used for diagnostic purposes employ short acoustic pulse rather than cw operation in order to accomplish imaging or Doppler scanning. It is also commonly thought that these short-pulse systems, although driven at high acoustic pressure amplitudes, do not induce cavitation effects due to the low duty cycle of the ultrasound. Although stable cavitation typically requires cw operation for its effects to be present, transient cavitation can theoretically occur in pulse lengths as short as one cycle. We have developed a detection scheme utilizing sonoluminescence to observe the cavitation produced by pulses of varying length and repetition rate. Normal detection methods that examine noise emitted by the collapsing cavity can not be used in short-pulse excitation due to the high spectral content of the pulse itself. We have observed transient cavitation effects (sonoluminescence) in pulse lengths as low as a few tens of cycles and are modifying our apparatus to go to even shorter pulses. [Work supported in part by the ONR and the NSF.]
Design of cyclic deltorphins and dermenkephalins with a disulfide bridge leads to analogs with high selectivity for .delta.-opioid receptors (1994)

We earlier suggested that the low receptor selectivity observed for previously synthesized constrained analogues of deltorphin I (DT I) was the result of a reduction in the lipophilic surface of the C-terminal of the peptide. To confirm this prediction and to further test a previously proposed conformational model for bioactivity at delta opioid receptors, we have synthesized several new cyclic analogues with the general structure [D-Xaa2,Yaa5]deltorphin I and II in which Xaa2 is D-cysteine or D-penicillamine (D-Pen), and Yaa5 is an L- or D-penicillamine residue. Additional substitutions at positions 4, 6, and 7 also were examined. The analogues were tested for binding to mu- and delta-opioid receptors and in mouse vas deferens and guinea pig ileum biological assays. The introduction of a lipophilic L-Pen in position 5 and D-Cys or D-Pen in position 2 resulted in a highly delta-selective series of analogues, which fully confirmed our prediction. The cyclic analogues formula; see text: DT I are among the most delta-selective analogues described thus far.
Stable TiO2–USY zeolite composite coatings for efficient adsorptive and photocatalytic elimination of geosmin from water (2014)

Layer by layer dip-coating fabrication of robust TiO<sub>2</sub>–USY zeolite composite coatings for efficient adsorptive and photocatalytic elimination of geosmin up to 99%.
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor use during pregnancy: association with offspring birth size and gestational age (2016)

This study indicates that prenatal SSRI exposure may not be causally related to offspring birth size. Rather, our analyses suggest that the association could be caused by other underlying differences instead of the medication per se. A small reduction of gestational age was associated with SSRI exposure in the within-family analysis and could be due to either the exposure, or other factors changing between pregnancies.
Planning for Landing Site Selection in the Aerial Supply Delivery (2021)

In the aerial supply delivery problem, an un-manned aircraft needs to deliver supplies as close as possible to the desired goal location. This involves choosing and landing at a landing site that is closest to or most accessible from the desired goal location. The problem is complicated by the fact that the status of candidate landing sites is unknown before the mission begins, and instead the aircraft needs to compute a sequence according to which it flies and senses the candidate landing sites in order to land as quickly as possible. The problem of computing this sequence corresponds to planning under uncertainty about environment. In this paper, we show how it can be solved efficiently via a recently developed probabilistic planning framework, called Probabilistic Planning with Clear Preferences (PPCP). We show that the problem satisfies the Clear Preferences assumption required by PPCP,and therefore all the theoretical guarantees continue to hold. The experimental results in simulation show that our approachcan solve large-scale problems in real-time while experiments on a physical quad-rotor provide proof of concept.
GeDEA-II (2012)

The key issue for an efficient and reliable multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is the ability to converge to the True Pareto Front with the least number of objective function evaluations, while covering it as much as possible. To this purpose, in a previous paper performance comparisons showed that the Genetic Diversity Evolutionary Algorithm (GeDEA) was at the same level of the best state-of-the-art MOEAs due to it intrinsic ability to properly conjugate exploitation of current non-dominated solutions and the exploration of the search space. In this paper, an improved version, namely the GeDEA-II, is proposed which features a novel crossover operator, the Simplex-Crossover, and a novel mutation operator, the Shrink-Mutation. GeDEM operator was left unchanged and completed using the non-dominatedsorting based on crowding distance. The comparison among GeDEA-II and GeDEA, as well as with three other modern elitist methods, on different extremely multidimensional test problems, clearly indicates that the performance of GeDEA-II is, at least in these cases, superior.
Intercalation Kinetics of Long Polymers in 2 nm Confinements (2000)

The motion of confined polymers is measured experimentally between parallel, atomically smooth solid surfaces, separated by 2 nm. In particular, the kinetics of intercalation of monodispersed polystyrene in alkylammonium modified mica-type silicates were studied using X-ray diffraction. The kinetics of the neat polymers and their functionalized derivatives were measured as functions of molecular weight, extent of functionalization, and silicate surface organic modification, at various temperatures. Selective corroborative studies were also performed using in-situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The kinetic data are interpreted in terms of an effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) of the polymer, which undergoes a dramatic decrease with stronger silicate surface−polymer interaction. This interaction is varied by either changing the silicate surface modification or by increasing the extent of functionalization of the polystyrene chains. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient exhibits an inverse dependence on chain length (N), i.e., Deff ∝ N-1, for chains up to 900 000 molecular weight.
Analysis of the electronic and chemical structure in boron and phosphorus passivated 4H-SiC/SiO2 interfaces using HRTEM and STEM-EELS (2018)

We report a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study of the impacts of phosphorus and boron passivation processes at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interfaces. The chemical and electronic structures at these interfaces have been analyzed using high-resolution TEM and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), uncovering a range of phenomena caused by the presence of B and P within their respective boro- and phosphosilicate glass (BSG/PSG) layers. The phosphorus passivation process was observed to induce roughness at the SiC/PSG interface on the order of 100s of nm. Within the PSG layer, phosphorus was found to segregate into nanometer-scale P-rich clusters, contradicting previous reports that it is distributed uniformly throughout the PSG. Similar to N in nitric oxide annealed devices, boron was determined to accumulate in a thin layer (sub-3 nm in thickness) at the SiC/BSG interface, with a much narrower distribution than previously reported. EELS measurements indicated boron incorporates in a trigonal bonding configuration, supporting the assertion that it softens the oxide and causes significant stress reduction at the interface with 4H-SiC. These results supply further insight into the sources of mobility enhancement in PSG and BSG-gated devices that could be extended into additional improvement in the channel response of SiC MOSFETs.
Thoughts about the optimum data acquisition geometry and time resolution of monochromatic beam x-ray diﬀraction microscopy experiments (2010)

International audience
Effect of Intra-Subframe Frequency Hopping on Codebook Based Closed-Loop Transmit Diversity for DFT-Precoded OFDMA (2012)

This paper proposes applying intra-subframe frequency hopping (FH) to closed-loop (CL) type transmit diversity using codebook based precoding for a shared channel carrying user traffic data in discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-precoded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In the paper, we present two types of precoding schemes associated with intra-subframe FH: individual precoding vector selection between 2 slots where a 1-ms subframe comprises 2 slots among the reduced precoding codebooks, and common precoding vector selection between 2 slots. We investigate the effect of intra-subframe FH on the codebook based transmit diversity in terms of the average block error rate (BLER) performance while maintaining the same number of feedback bits required for notification of the selected precoding vector as that for the conventional CL transmit diversity without FH. Computer simulation results show that the codebook based transmit diversity with intra-subframe FH is very effective in decreasing the required average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) when the fading maximum Doppler frequency, fD, is higher than approximately 50Hz both for 2- and 4-antenna transmission in the DFT-precoded OFDMA.
PERFUSION OF VASCULARIZED COMPOSITE ALLOGRAFTS WITH A TARGETED COMPLEMENT INHIBITOR PROTECTS AGAINST BRAIN DEATH INDUCED AND ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY (2020)

Donor brain death (BD) is an inherent component of vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplantation and is thought to be a key contributor to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Complement is activated and deposited within solid organ grafts as a consequence of BD and has been shown to exacerbate IRI, although the role of BD and complement in VCA transplantation and the role it plays in IRI and graft rejection has not been studied. Here we investigate the role of BD and complement in VCA IRI in the context of a therapeutic and clinically relevant paradigm involving the delivery of a complement inhibitor to the VCA pre-transplant. BD was induced in Balb/c donors, and the VCA perfused prior to graft procurement with UW solution augmented with CR2-Crry, a complement inhibitor that target sites of complement activation. Following perfusion, donor VCAs where cold stored for 6 hours before transplantation into C57BL/6 recipients. Donor VCAs from living donors (LD) were also procured and similarly stored. Compared to LD VCAs, BD donor VCAs had exacerbated IRI as determined by increased histopathological injury and immune cell infiltration, and BD donor VCAs rejected earlier. Pretransplant perfusion of the graft with CR2-Crry resulted in a significant reduction in IRI as compared to vehicle-treated BD donors, and returned IRI severity and graft rejection times of BD VCAs to that seen for LD VCAs. In-vivo fluorescent imaging of labeled CR2-Crry confirmed graft retention of CR2-Crry following cold storage and transplantation. Following a single pre-transplant perfusion, CR2-Crry was detected bound in the graft at the end of cold ischemia and at 6 hours post transplantation.
Examination of Sorption-Desorption of Oxygen on YBa2Cu3O7-x Superconducting Oxide by TPD Technique (1988)

Temperature programed desorption (TPD) spectra of oxygen from YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- x compounds with different oxygen contents are reported in connection with their superconductivities. Superconducting orthorhombic samples ( x &lt; ca. 0.5) with a T c,end of ca. 90 K were found to have two desorption peaks (Peak I centered at 550°C and Peak II centered at ca. 660°C), while tetragonal samples ( x &gt; ca. 0.5) showing semiconductive behavior in the temperature range above 77 K had only Peak II. This implies that the oxygen desorbed as Peak I from orthorhombic samples is deeply correlated with the superconductivity.
A Hallmark Clinical Study of Cord Blood Therapy in Adults with Ischemic Stroke (2019)

The therapeutic application of human umbilical cord blood cells has been an area of great interest for at least the last 25 years. Currently, cord blood cells are approved for reconstitution of the bone marrow following myeloablation in both young and old patients with myeloid malignancies and other blood cancers. Translational studies investigating alternative uses of cord blood have also shown that these cells not only stimulate neurogenesis in the aged brain but are also potentially therapeutic in the treatment of adult neurodegenerative disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Parkinson's disease. Recent advances in the clinical application of cord blood cells by Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg and colleagues have found that non-HLA matched allogeneic banked cord blood units in immunocompetent patients with ischemic stroke are safe and well tolerated. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action that provide the beneficial effects observed from a cord blood cell-based therapy are currently unknown, several studies using models of neurodegenerative disease have shown these cells are immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory. Thus, any future clinical studies investigating the efficacy of this cord blood cell therapeutic would strongly benefit from the inclusion of methodologies to determine changes in both markers of inflammation and the response of immune tissues, such as the spleen, in subjects receiving cell infusion.
Vers une meilleure compréhension de la relation entre entérovirus et diabète de type 1 (2008)

Des facteurs environnementaux, et notamment des virus, sont impliques dans l’initiation ou l’aggravation de processus pathogenes qui aboutissent a la survenue du diabete de type 1 (DT1). Des arguments epidemiologiques plaident en faveur d’un lien entre les enterovirus et en particulier coxsackievirus B4 (CV-B4) et le DT1. Il a ete demontre que les infections a enterovirus etaient significativement plus frequentes chez les sujets a risque tels que les freres et sœurs de patients diabetiques, lorsqu’ils ont developpe des auto-anticorps diriges contre les cellules β et/ou un DT1, et chez les patients diabetiques recemment diagnostiques, que chez les sujets sains. L’isolement de CV-B4 a partir du pancreas de patients diabetiques a renforce l’hypothese d’un lien entre le virus et la maladie. Des etudes realisees in vitro et in vivo chez l’animal ont permis de decouvrir les mecanismes par lesquels les enterovirus, touchant le pancreas ou d’autres tissus, sont susceptibles de jouer un role dans la pathogenese du DT1. Le role mi-demon mi-ange des enterovirus n’est pas exclu, puisque des travaux experimentaux suggerent que, dans certaines conditions, ces agents seraient capables de proteger les individus contre le risque de developper la maladie.
Development of Data-Analysis Software for Total-Reflection High-Energy Positron Diffraction (TRHEPD) (2020)

The present paper reports on the recent activity of the data analysis software development for total-reflection high-energy positron diffraction, a novel experimental technique for surface structure determination. Experiments using TRHEPD are being conducted intensively at the Slow Positron Facility, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, revealing surface structure of interest. The data analysis software provides a solution to the inverse problem in which the atomic positions of a surface structure are determined from the experimental diffraction data (rocking curve). The forward problem is solved by the numerical solution of the partial differential equation in the quantum scattering problem. A technical demonstration with a test problem was carried out to confirm the software functioned as expected. Since the analysis method has a general mathematical foundation, it is also applicable to other experiments, such as X-ray or electron diffraction experiments.