gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin Promotes Macrophage Polarization toward an Anti-inflammatory Phenotype (2009)

It is established that the adipocyte-derived cytokine adiponectin protects against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but the effect of this adipokine on macrophage polarization, an important mediator of disease progression, has never been assessed. We hypothesized that adiponectin modulates macrophage polarization from that resembling a classically activated M1 phenotype to that resembling alternatively-activated M2 cells. Peritoneal macrophages and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells of adipose tissue isolated from adiponectin knock-out mice displayed increased M1 markers, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and decreased M2 markers, including arginase-1, macrophage galactose N-acetyl-galactosamine specific lectin-1, and interleukin-10. The systemic delivery of adenovirus expressing adiponectin significantly augmented arginase-1 expression in peritoneal macrophages and SVF cells in both wild-type and adiponectin knock-out mice. In culture, the treatment of macrophages with recombinant adiponectin protein led to an increase in the levels of M2 markers and a reduction of reactive oxygen species and reactive oxygen species-related gene expression. Adiponectin also stimulated the expression of M2 markers and attenuated the expression of M1 markers in human monocyte-derived macrophages and SVF cells isolated from human adipose tissue. These data show that adiponectin functions as a regulator of macrophage polarization, and they indicate that conditions of high adiponectin expression may deter metabolic and cardiovascular disease progression by favoring an anti-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages.
One-Year Water Sorption and Solubility of All-in-One Adhesives (2013)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the water sorption and solubility of different adhesives. Adper Easy Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Bond Force, Clearfil SE Bond (bonding resin only), and Xeno IV were the materials evaluated. Ten disks of each adhesive were made in Teflon molds and evaporation of any volatile components was allowed. The disks were weighed daily in an analytical balance until a constant mass was obtained (m1). Disks were then immersed in water for 12 months when their wet weight was recorded (m2). The disks were again weighed daily until a constant mass was obtained and the final weight recorded (m3). Water sorption and solubility (percentages) were calculated using the recorded mass values. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the average water sorption and solubility among the different adhesives. Mann-Whitney tests with a Bonferroni correction were used to determine the pairwise differences between adhesives in water sorption and solubility. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Water sorption and solubility were significantly different among the groups (p<0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between Adper Single Bond Plus and Bond Force, or between Clearfil SE Bond and Xeno IV in either water sorption or solubility. Xeno IV did not differ from Adper Easy Bond in water sorption (p>0.05). Water sorption and solubility of all-in-one adhesives increased with time, and the rates of increase were composition-dependent. The results suggest that monomers other than HEMA contribute to water sorption and solubility of adhesive systems from different categories.
Light-guided intrabodies for on-demand in situ target recognition in human cells (2021)

Due to their high stability and specificity in living cells, fluorescently labeled nanobodies are perfect probes for visualizing intracellular targets at an endogenous level. However, intrabodies bind unrestrainedly and hence may interfere with the target protein function. Here, we report a strategy to prevent premature binding through the development of photo-conditional intrabodies. Using genetic code expansion, we introduce photocaged amino acids within the nanobody-binding interface, which, after photo-activation, show instantaneous binding of target proteins with high spatiotemporal precision inside living cells. Due to the highly stable binding, light-guided intrabodies offer a versatile platform for downstream imaging and regulation of target proteins.
Simple Fabrication of Micropatterned Mesoporous Silica Films Using Photoacid Generators in Block Copolymers (2007)

An efficient method to fabricate micropatterned mesoporous silicate films has been demonstrated. These films were prepared, in an additive manner, by supercritical CO2-assisted condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate within lithographically exposed block copolymer templates containing photoacid generators. Chemically amplifiable copolymer templates resulted in high-fidelity replication of microscopic and nanoscopic features.
A Novel Prosthetic Foot Designed to Maximize Functional Abilities, Health Outcomes and Quality of Life in People with Transtibial Amputation (2016)

Abstract : Evidence is needed to guide prosthetic component selection for Service members, Veterans, and civilians with lower limb amputation. A randomized crossover study is conducted to compareoutcomes associated with use of modified running-specific foot (mRSF) compared to atraditional, energy-storing foot (ESF). Key outcomes include walking endurance, metabolicenergy expenditure, step activity, and self-reported mobility, fatigue, activityrestrictions, balance confidence, and satisfaction. Results to-date (n=6 of 24 from thisstudy, n=17 of 30 total) indicate users exhibit modest functional benefits in walking when using a mRSF compared to a ESF. Endurance and metabolic energy are slightly improved, gait is largely unaffected, and step activity is reduced. However, particpiants generally report significant improvements in all health outcomes when using the mRSF. Future efforts will target collecting data from additional participants, and exploring other activities or situations that may be affected by use of different contemporary prosthetic feet.
Electron-microscopic observation of the surface of poly (3-methylthienylene) films. (1987)

An electron-microscopic investigation of an electrochemically polymerized poly (3-methylthienylene) (P3MT) film has been carried out in order to elucidate the cause for the electrical anisotropy of the film.The SEM observation revealed that the film is composed of fibrils of about 50nm in diameter, but, no regular features were seen in their morphology.
Scintillators: Quaternary Iodide K(Ca,Sr)I3:Eu2+ Single‐Crystal Scintillators for Radiation Detection: Crystal Structure, Electronic Structure, and Optical and Scintillation Properties (Advanced Optical Materials 10/2016) (2016)

High-performance quaternary iodide KCa0.8Sr0.2I3:Eu2+ scintillators are developed by using a mixing crystal strategy for radiation detection applications. The theoretical and experimental studies, developed by Y. Wu and co-workers on page 1518, provide physical insights on the relationship between material composition and electronic structure. Such an achievement will open a new horizon for designing modern scintillation materials.
Abstract 1868: Response biomarkers to IGF1R and mTOR inhibitor combination therapy in ovarian carcinoma (2012)

Abstract Ovarian cancer, the sixth most frequent cause of cancer death among women in the developed world, is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a diverse set of genetic alterations. These factors underscore the need for more effective treatment options accompanied by biomarker strategies to identify patients who will have a greater likelihood to respond to novel therapy. A combination strategy to target the PI3K pathway with the mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus and anti-IGF1R antibody dalotuzumab is currently undergoing clinical development. Previous translational work has suggested that low RAS activity, as determined by a RAS gene expression signature score, and high levels of IGF1R pathway activation may enrich for response to this combination therapy. Ranking of tumors in the Moffitt tumor database with a low RAS and high IGF profile suggested that ER+ breast and ovarian cancers are enriched for these putative response biomarkers. Consistent with these observations, clinical responses were noted for several ER+ breast or ovarian cancer patients in a Phase I trial for ridaforolimus and dalotuzumab combination therapy. To provide further support for low RAS and high IGF as response biomarkers, the anti-tumor activity of ridaforolimus and dalotuzumab was assessed in 12 patient derived primary ovarian cancer xenograft models developed at START. These models have been extensively characterized by the South Texas Accelerated Research and Therapeutics (START) group for response to standard of care drugs, and the status of many commonly mutated genes in ovarian cancer. Molecular analyses of these tumors suggest that they represent a diverse cross section of ovarian cancer. Similarly, responses to ridaforolimus and dalotuzumab combination therapy ranged from minimal to significant regression. Importantly, the responsive tumor models were associated with a low RAS gene signature and a moderate to high IGF expression level. Tumors with KRAS mutations or a high RAS gene score were generally resistant to therapy. These results support the further development of low RAS and high IGF as enrichment biomarkers for ridaforolimus and dalotuzumab combination therapy in ovarian carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1868. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1868
NIR Applied to Polymer Analysis (2021)

The manufacture of polymers is very interesting to the extent that it uses the full range of reactions available in general chemistry. Their analysis requires the consideration of monomers manufactured in the liquid (eventually gaseous) phase or in a solvent medium, the recycling of these solvents, and finally the polymers themselves whose polymerization can be achieved in a molten medium or solid phase. In addition to the monitoring of chemical reactions, polymers need to be characterized in terms of very particular and key physical properties related to their use and applications. Near-infrared spectroscopy by its speed, its ease of implementation, and the possibility of being used in situ is a technique of choice for the characterization of polymers. In this chapter, we will focus on these different aspects by voluntarily placing ourselves on the side of spectroscopy and the methodology of setting up an analysis.
Expression of Endomucin, a CD34-Like Sialomucin, Marks Definitive Hematopoietic Stem Cells throughout Development. (2004)

Abstract In order to identify cell surface molecules specific to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), a modified signal sequence trap was applied to mouse bone marrow (BM) CD34− c-Kit+ sca-1+ lineage− (CD34−KSL) cells which is highly enriched for HSCs. Among the identified genes, mRNA expression of Endomucin, an endothelium-specific gene encoding a CD34-like sialomucin, appeared highly specific to CD34-KSL HSCs. To further investigate the expression of Endomucin, we generated two rat anti-mouse Endomucin monoclonal antibodies that recognize different epitopes (AE2D4, AE7F2). Taking advantage of these and another monoclonal antibody, V7c7 (1999, Blood, 93; 1; 165), detailed expression analysis was performed. Endomucin expression was largely confined to lineage markers-negative (Lin−) cells. Approximately 7 % of Lin− cells were Endomucin-positive. Cells strongly expressing Endomucin represented 30% of c-kit+ sca-1+ cells. Gating out CD34+ cells from Lin− Endomucin+ population resulted in high yield of KSL cells. High correlation between Lin− Endomucin+CD34− cells and KSL cells was confirmed by in vivo bone marrow transplantation. When Lin− cells were fractionated by their expression of CD34 and Endomucin, only Lin− Endomucin+CD34− cells contributed to long-term repopulation (LTR), and as few as 100 cells were enough to obtain engraftment. Furthermore, the majority of CD34−KSL cells were Endomucin+, and again, only CD34−KSL-Endomucin+ cells had LTR activity. These data indicate two facts: 1) A single positive marker, Endomucin can substitute for c-kit+ sca-1+, 2) All LTR -HSCs express Endomucin. We then analyzed the expression of Endomucin during embryonic development of the hematopoietic system. Definitive HSCs arise from the hemogenic endothelium lining the wall of the dorsal aorta in embryonic aorta-gonads-mesonephros (AGM) region, then seed to the fetal liver. E10.5 AGM CD45− cells were segregated into subpopulations by their expression of Endomucin and CD41, an early marker of embryonic hematopoiesis. In vitro coculture system with a stromal cell line, OP9, was applied to detect the ability of hematopoietic potential. Hematopoietic activity was exclusively found in the CD41+Endomucin+ population, that represents 24% of CD41+ cells. Taken together, these data indicate that Endomucin marks both embryonic and adult HSCs, providing a novel useful cell surface marker for definitive HSCs throughout development. Figure Figure
Stereospecific synthesis of chiral metabolites of ifosfamide and their determination in the urine (1983)

The stereospecific synthesis of two chiral metabolites of ifosfamide (2), 4-ketoifosfamide (5) and 2-amino-3-(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3, 2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide (9), is reported. The absolute configuration of both compounds was assigned on the basis of chemical correlation. In addition, two other achiral metabolites of 2, carboxyifosfamide (6) and IPAM (7), were synthesized. These and other organophosphorus metabolites of ifosfamide were found, by 31P NMR, in the urine of patients to whom racemic 2 was administered. The measurements performed in the presence of optically active lanthanide shift reagent [Eu(tfc)3] showed considerable stereoselectivity of in vivo formation of some chiral metabolites of ifosfamide.
Surface plasmon routing in dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides (2008)

Waveguiding by dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polaritons (DLSPP) structures are numerically and experimentally investigated. We used the effective index model to understand the influence of basic waveguide parameters such as width and thickness on the properties of the surface plasmon guided modes. A waveguide was fabricated and experimentally studied. The effective indices of the modes supported by the waveguide and their propagation length are evaluated by leakage radiation microscopy in both the Fourier and imaging planes. Several excitation schemes were tested including surface plasmon coupling by diascopic or episcopic illumination as well as defectmediated excitation of guided modes. We found good agreement between theoretical values predicted by the effective index model and experimental values deduced from leakage radiation images.
The Production Scale Squeeze-Casting of Devitroceramic Fiber Reinforced Aluminium and Its Mechanical Properties (1983)

繊維強化金属の一般機械部品への応用を目的として、この研究を実施した。現行のダイカスト鋳造設備を用いて、結晶化ガラス繊維強化Al合金の実用的な機械部品の生産的製造に成功し、その工程に必要な製造条件を明らかにした。得られた繊維強化金属の単体および部分複合部材の機械的試験を行い、それらの高温引張強さ、耐摩擦性および減衰特性が基地金属よりすぐれていることを明らかにして、機能的な機械部品への適用性を示した。
Analysis of line-and-space patterns of ZrO2 nanoparticle resist on the basis of EUV sensitization mechanism (2019)

Metal oxide nanoparticle resists are promising materials for highly-resolving high-throughput patterning. However, their performance is still inadequate for the application to the production of semiconductor devices. In this study, the dependence of the relationship between chemical gradient and line width roughness (LWR) on the pattern duty, acid generator, and developer was investigated using a zirconia (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticle resist. The line-and-space patterns of ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle resists were analyzed on the basis of the EUV sensitization mechanism. LWR was roughly inversely proportional to the chemical gradient. The proportionality constant decreased with the increase of the ratio of nominal space width to the nominal line width. The proportionality constant for n-butyl acetate was smaller than that for an alternative developer with a high polarity. The proportionality constant decreased by the addition of an acid generator. The improvement of dissolution process and the suppression of secondary electron migration are essential to the suppression of LWR in the ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle resist.
Ternary PdNiO nanocrystals-ornamented porous CeO2/onion-like carbon for electrooxidation of carbon monoxide: unveiling the effect of supports and electrolytes (2023)

Porous ternary Pd-based catalysts at low Pd mass exhibit inimitable surface area, accessible active sites, and tunable electronic structure advantageously utilized for high CO oxidation (CO oxid ) activity and stability in different electrolyte media.
Comparative Effects of Nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin on Platelet Aggregation in Patients with Heart Failure (1980)

We studied the effects of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on in vitro platelet aggregation responses to adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine in order to relate platelet aggregation effects to hemodynamic alterations in man. In heart failure patients, nitroprusside infusion (mean dose, 65 ± 12 μg/min) decreased systemic vascular resistance by 30|X%, as in vitro platelet aggregation and in vivo formation of aggregates declined significantly (p < 0.01). Nitroglycerin therapy (mean dose, 55 ± 7 μg/rnin) did not significantly alter systemic vascular resistance, as in vitro platelet aggregation or in vivo platelet aggregates were unaffected. In other experiments, the direct effects of varying doses of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin (0.01–100 μg/ml plasma) on platelet aggregation were evaluated. With nitroprusside, platelet aggregation decreased markedly at 0.01 μg/ml plasma concentration. A progressive decrease in platelet aggregation with increasing concentrations of nitroprusside was noticed. In contrast, nitroglycerin in therapeutic range did not affect platelet aggregation. However, higher concentrations (>1.0 μg/ml) of nitroglycerin resulted in lower platelet aggregation. These data suggest that antiplatelet aggregation effects of nitroprusside may be, in part, a mechanism of a decline in systemic vascular resistance in heart failure patients.
Electron Spin Resonance Observation of Bias-Temperature Stress-Induced Interface Defects at NO/N2O-Annealed Chemical-Vapor-Deposition SiO2/(100) p-Si Substrates (2011)

Using an electron spin resonance (ESR) technique, we observed bias-temperature (BT) stress-induced interface defects at chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) SiO2/(100) p-Si substrates annealed in either NO or N2O gas. The g-factors and peak widths detected by ESR measurements are 2.0058 and 0.35 mT, and 2.0035 and 0.40 mT for interface defects, Pb0 and Pb1 centers, respectively. Before BT stress application, the total density of ESR-active defects at the interface was determined to be 1.51×1012 cm-2 for the NO-annealed sample, which is supposed to include a large number of hydrogen (H) atoms near the interface, and 1.85×1012 cm-2 for the N2O-annealed sample, which is supposed to include a small amount of H atoms. After BT stress application, the total interface defect density increases with positive BT stress time monotonically, which is mainly caused by H desorption reaction. In contrast, in the case of negative BT stress application, the total density decreases first, and then increases, which might be caused by two reactions; the first reaction is [·Si\tbondSi3→Si\tbondSi3], and the second reaction is [HSi\tbondSi3→H·Si\tbondSi3→·Si\tbondSi3].
Detection, frequency and actionability of recurrent copy number gains detected by non-invasive liquid biopsy of 3,942 lung and breast cancer samples. (2016)

11541 Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing must include detection of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), indels, fusions, and copy number amplifications (CNAs) to identify all NCCN-recommended genomic targets. We examined CNA landscape in a large clinical cohort of breast and lung cancer ctDNA samples analyzed with Guardant360 (G360) test, classifying recurrent gene-level copy number changes across distinct oncogenic pathways and disease subtypes. Methods: We developed an improved CNA detection pipeline and evaluated its analytical and clinical performance on a set of cell-line spike-ins with known amplifications and 72 clinical plasma samples from patients with stage IV breast cancer with known ERBB2 amplification/overexpression. We then examined 1,935 lung adenocarcinoma and 2,007 breast carcinoma clinical cases: CNA patterns in samples with and without known driver mutations were compared using Fisher’s exact test to identify candidate driver amplification events. Results: Analytical sensitivity, specificity, and precision of the new CNA pipeline improved significantly - average coefficient of variation (CV) of copy number estimates across 18 genes on the panel was 1.2% for spike-in replicates, all spike-ins and copy number neutral samples were detected correctly, and signal-to-noise ratio increased 4.3-fold. We observed high concordance between tissue-verified amplification events in breast carcinoma subset when the mutant allele fraction of the driver mutation exceeded 0.5%. In the lung adenocarcinoma cohort, CNA-driver mutations were identified in ~7% of 1,935 samples, excluding cases known functional driver events. Focal amplification events in MET, CCND1, and ERBB2 were enriched in samples lacking other driver oncogene mutations (p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: Copy number variation is an important mechanism of oncogene activation in lung and breast cancers. Highly accurate quantification of copy number state in ctDNA allows for clinically meaningful identification of amplified therapeutic targets with otherwise wildtype DNA sequence.
Complementation of murine cells for human immunodeficiency virus envelope/CD4-mediated fusion in human/murine heterokaryons (1992)

Murine cell lines expressing human CD4 are resistant to the fusogenic effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope. Consequently, they cannot be infected by HIV or form syncytia with HIV envelope-expressing cells. Murine cells could either lack human-specific cofactors necessary for the CD4/envelope-mediated membrane fusion or express inhibitors of this process. To address this question, we have tested the ability of heterokaryons made from CD4-expressing murine cells and human cells to undergo HIV envelope-mediated fusion. We have devised a rapid and specific assay based on the induction of lacZ expression, in which membrane fusion events with HIV-infected cells can be detected by a simple histochemical technique. CD4-positive murine/human heterokaryons, but not murine/simian heterokaryons, were found able to fuse with HIV envelope-expressing cells. In these experiments, the fusion resistant phenotype of murine-CD4 cells could be complemented by human cellular factors.
Plastics Compounding and Polymer Processing (2021)

You have accessPlastics Compounding and Polymer ProcessingDec 2021Plastics Compounding and Polymer ProcessingFundamentals, Machines, Equipment, Application TechnologyKlemens Kohlgrüber, Michael Bierdel, Harald RustKlemens Kohlgrüber, Michael Bierdel, Harald Rusthttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569908389.fmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2021Pages: I-XXXIPrint ISBN: 978-1-56990-837-2eISBN: 978-1-56990-838-9 Copyright & Permissions© 2022 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF DownloadLoading ...
Figure S1 from Poly (ADP) Ribose Glycohydrolase Can Be Effectively Targeted in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1 describes mRNA and protein expression of PARG in shPARG models and in vitro sensitivity to oxaliplatin.&lt;/p&gt;