gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile music touch: using haptic stimulation for passive rehabilitation and learning (2012)

Hand rehabilitation after injury or illness may allow a patient to regain full or at least partial use of a limb. However, rehabilitation often requires the patient to perform multiple repetitions of motions. While absolutely essential to regaining usage, such exercises are not always mentally engaging or enjoyable for the patient. The loss or degradation of the use of the hands can cause considerable loss of independence.
In this dissertation, we present Mobile Music Touch (MMT), a wireless glove paired with a computing device, such as a laptop, smart phone, or MP3 player. The MMT system plays a song, while also “tapping” the fingers using vibration motors to indicate the correct finger to use to play the song on a piano keyboard. Learning a new skill or activity without active focus, an idea called Passive Haptic Learning (PHL) may allow an individual to learn one skill through their sense of touch while performing another, unrelated activity. Most rehabilitation activities are active in nature, requiring the focused participation of the injured person. Passive rehabilitation is the idea that some technologies and activities may bring about beneficial changes without the active engagement of the injured person. In order to study the concepts of PHL and PHR, we propose the Mobile Music Touch (MMT) system. We show that using passive rehabilitation in conjunction with the active rehabilitation of piano playing will bring about a greater degree of improvement in the hands than that achieved using only active rehabilitation.
This dissertation research makes three unique contributions. First, we demonstrate that Passive Haptic Learning (PHL) using just the sense of touch is feasible and provides a form of learning and reinforcement of learned skills and tasks. Second, we identify the attributes and design features of a glove suited for long term wear by persons who use a manual wheelchair for mobility. Third, we show that Passive Haptic Rehabilitation (PHR) is possible using vibrotactile stimulation of the hands in persons classified as tetraplegic due to incomplete spinal cord injury.
Optimal focusing by spatio-temporal inverse filter. I. Basic principles (2001)

A focusing technique based on the inversion of the propagation operator relating an array of transducers to a set of control points inside a medium was proposed in previous work [Tanter et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 223-234 (2000)] and is extended here to the time domain. As the inversion of the propagation operator is achieved both in space and time, this technique allows calculation of the set of temporal signals to be emitted by each element of the array in order to optimally focus on a chosen control point. This broadband inversion process takes advantage of the singular-value decomposition of the propagation operator in the Fourier domain. The physical meaning of this decomposition is explained in a homogeneous medium. In particular, a definition of the number of degrees of freedom necessary to define the acoustic field generated by an array of limited aperture in a focal plane of limited extent is given. This number corresponds to the number of independent signals that can be created in the focal area both in space and time. In this paper, this broadband inverse-focusing technique is compared in homogeneous media with the classical focusing achieved by simple geometrical considerations but also with time-reversal focusing. It is shown that, even in a simple medium, slight differences appear between these three focusing strategies. In the companion paper [Aubry et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 48-58 (2001)] the three focusing techniques are compared in heterogeneous, absorbing, or complex media where classical focusing is strongly degraded. The strong improvement achieved by the spatio-temporal inverse-filter technique emphasizes the great potential of multiple-channel systems having the ability to apply completely different signal waveforms on each transducer of the array. The application of this focusing technique could be of great interest in various ultrasonic fields such as medical imaging, nondestructive testing, and underwater acoustics.
L’analyse du temps de pratique active chez des élèves du secteur adaptation scolaire (2009)

L’objectif de l’étude était de décrire l’utilisation du temps alloué à l’éducation physique des élèves du secteur adaptation scolaire. Quarante-deux leçons furent codifiées selon le système « analyse du temps de pratique active » introduit par Siedentop (ALT-PE). Les résultats indiquent que le temps alloué à l’horaire pour l’éducation physique était en moyenne de 47,8 minutes. De ce temps total, un peu plus de 36 minutes étaient dévolues à des situations en éducation physique et, à l’intérieur de cette dernière portion de temps, on retrouvait un peu moins de 12 minutes où les élèves étaient engagés en activités motrices pertinentes.
An Axiomatic Theory of Fairness in Network Resource Allocation (2009)

We present a set of five axioms for fairness measures in resource allocation. A family of fairness measures satisfying the axioms is constructed. Well-known notions such as alpha-fairness, Jain's index, and entropy are shown to be special cases. Properties of fairness measures satisfying the axioms are proven, including Schur-concavity. Among the engineering implications is a generalized Jain's index that tunes the resolution of the fairness measure, a new understanding of alpha-fair utility functions, and an interpretation of "larger alpha is more fair". We also construct an alternative set of four axioms to capture efficiency objectives and feasibility constraints.
Research Summary of Kishi Group (2007)

Our research is centered on the chemistry of natural products with high biological activity, ranging from structure elucidation to total synthesis. For the simplicity of presentation, the research activities carried out in our laboratory over the past three and a half decades are classified into the following ten subgroups in this summary. The inspiration and motivation for these studies have often originated from our curiosities on certain natural products. In this context, palytoxin has served as the major source of our inspiration for the past two and a half decades: see, Y.
OA021-04. HIV-1 gp41 envelope MPER mutation altered epitope conformation in lipid and increased sensitivity to 2F5 and 4E10 neutralizing antibodies (2009)

Background The conserved membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of HIV-1 envelope is a target for the rare broadly neutralizing 2F5, Z13 and 4E10 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, MPER antibodies are rarely found in HIV-1 infected subjects nor arise following envelope immunization. A potential strategy to elicit such antibodies more frequently is to design an envelope protein with increased exposure of the 2F5 and 4E10 mAb epitopes.
A prokaryotic membrane anchor sequence: carboxyl terminus of bacteriophage f1 gene III protein retains it in the membrane. (1982)

Gene III protein of bacteriophage f1 is inserted into the host cell membrane where it is assembled into phage particles. A truncated form of gene III protein, encoded by a recombinant plasmid and lacking the carboxyl terminus, does not remain in the membrane but instead appears to slip through it. Fusion of a hydrophobic "membrane anchor" from another membrane protein, the gene VIII protein, to the truncated gene III protein (by manipulation of the recombinant plasmid) restores membrane anchoring. A model for the relationship of gene III protein with the Escherichia coli membrane is discussed.
Calibration of PET scanners with a new traceable point-like Ge<sup>68</sup>/Ga<sup>68</sup> source (2011)

We have been developing reliable and convenient calibration methods based on the use of point-like radioactive sources. In the present study, we used a newly developed traceable point-like Ge <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">68</sup> /Ga <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">68</sup> radioactive source for determining calibration factors of a PET scanner. The point-like Ge <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">68</sup> /Ga <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">68</sup> radioactive source consists of a spherical aluminum absorber with an outer diameter of 8 mm and a small radioactive bead in it. The physical characteristics of the source were evaluated with a Monte Carlo simulation code based on Geant4. The source radioactivity was calibrated at an accredited calibration facility. The point-like source was placed in the field-of-view of a clinical PET scanner, SET-2400W (Shimadzu Co.). The calibration factors determined with the point-like source were consistent with those determined by a conventional standard calibration method within a reasonable uncertainty. In conclusion, the proposed method with newly developed traceable point-like sources is useful for calibrating PET scanners.
Flexible task graphs (2008)

The disadvantages of unconstrained shared-memory multi-threading in Java, especially with regard to latency and determinism in realtime systems, have given rise to a variety of language extensions that place restrictions on how threads allocate, share, and communicate memory, leading to order-of-magnitude reductions in latency and jitter. However, each model makes different trade-offs with respect to expressiveness, efficiency, enforcement, and latency, and no one model is best for all applications.
Seriousness, preventability, and burden impact of reported adverse drug reactions in Lombardy emergency departments: a retrospective 2-year characterization (2014)

ADRs are a serious health/economic issue in EDs. This assessment provides a thorough estimation of their seriousness, preventability, and burden impact in a large population from a representative European region.
RGS9‐2 differentially regulates adenylyl cyclase signaling by opioid and cannabinoid receptors in the mouse CNS (2008)

Regulators of G‐protein signaling (RGS) proteins accelerate G‐protein inactivation. RGS9‐2 is expressed in the CNS, and we have reported that this RGS regulates mu opioid receptor function in vivo. Here we report effects of RGS9 knockout on inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by opioid and cannabinoid receptors in the CNS. Results showed increased inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by the opioid partial agonist morphine, but not the full mu agonist DAMGO, in nucleus accumbens of RGS9 knockout compared to wild‐type mice. Similarly, inhibition by the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212‐2 was increased in this region. Thus, RGS9 negatively regulates opioid and cannabinoid receptor signaling in a brain region important in drug reward. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) and spinal cord are two regions important in antinociception by these drugs. Mu opioid but not cannabinoid receptor‐mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase was significantly greater in PAG of RGS9 knockout mice, whereas inhibition by either receptor was not different in spinal cord. Antinociception testing showed greater sensitivity to morphine, but not the cannabinoid Δ 9 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol, in RGS9 knockout mice. These results demonstrate differential effects of RGS9 knockout on opioid and cannabinoid receptor function in brain regions that mediate drug reward and antinociception. Supported by NID A.
Distortional buckling test for steel storage rack columns (2013)

An investigation into the test method for distortional buckling of steel storage rack columns is presented. The main problem of the experimental method is to determine the length of the samples to be tested. The paper proposes to solve this problem by performing linear buckling analysis of the columns. Nowadays, linear buckling analysis can be easily carried out by practical designers with the help of newly developed programs based on the finite strip method and generalised beam theory. A simple test procedure is presented and validated in an experimental campaign on four different perforated rack columns. The tests also made it possible to observe the buckling behaviour of such columns, which involves a combination of different buckling modes.
Will Zeolite‐Based Catalysis be as Relevant in Future Biorefineries as in Crude Oil Refineries? (2014)

Abstract Transition from petroleum‐ to biomass‐based fuel economy will require new conversion strategies. In a petroleum refinery, particular hydrocarbon fractions from crude oil are catalytically converted into high‐grade fuels. Certain zeolite catalysts are performing exceptionally well. Unlike petroleum fractions, biomass‐derived compounds have a high oxygen content requiring low‐temperature catalytic aqueous phase processes for selective conversion and stability of zeolite catalysts in hot liquid water. It will be shown that recent developments in zeolite synthesis and modification allow adapting zeolite properties to achieve selective conversion of biomass compounds/fractions as well.
Conductive Transparent TiNx/TiO2 Hybrid Films Deposited on Plastics in Air Using Atmospheric Plasma Processing (2014)

The successful deposition of conductive transparent TiN x /TiO 2 hybrid films on both polycarbonate and silicon substrates from a titanium ethoxide precursor is demonstrated in air using atmospheric plasma processing equipped with a high‐temperature precursor delivery system. The hybrid film chemical composition, deposition rates, optical and electrical properties along with the adhesion energy to the polycarbonate substrate are investigated as a function of plasma power and plasma gas composition. The film is a hybrid of amorphous and crystalline rutile titanium oxide phases and amorphous titanium nitride that depend on the processing conditions. The visible transmittance increases from 71% to 83% with decreasing plasma power and increasing nitrogen content of the plasma gas. The film resistivity is in the range of ∼8.5 × 10 1 to 2.4 × 10 5 ohm cm. The adhesion energy to the polycarbonate substrate varies from ∼1.2 to 8.5 J/m 2 with increasing plasma power and decreasing plasma gas nitrogen content. Finally, annealing the film or introducing hydrogen to the primary plasma gas significantly affects the composition and decreases thin‐film resistivity.
Picoprogramming (1965)

The central processors of conventional computers may be roughly divided into two sections, an arithmetic section, which performs operations analogous to arithmetic upon representations of numbers, and a control section, which produces essentially a sequential group of gating pulses to accomplish the desired manipulation in the arithmetic section.
Potential Uses of Deep-Space Cooling for Exploration Missions (2012)

Nearly all exploration missions envisioned by NASA provide the capability to view deep space and thus to reject heat to a very low temperature environment. Environmental sink temperatures approach as low as 4 Kelvin providing a natural capability to support separation and heat rejection processes that would otherwise be power and hardware intensive in terrestrial applications. For example, radiative heat transfer can be harnessed to cryogenically remove atmospheric contaminants such as carbon dioxide (CO2). Long duration differential temperatures on sunlit versus shadowed sides of the vehicle could be used to drive thermoelectric power generation. Rejection of heat from cryogenic propellant could counter temperature increases thus avoiding the need to vent propellants. These potential uses of deep space cooling will be addressed in this paper with the benefits and practical considerations of such approaches.
Programmable Aperture Camera Using LCoS (2012)

Since 1960s, aperture patterns have been studied extensively and a variety of coded apertures have been proposed for various applications, including extended depth of field, defocus deblurring, depth from defocus, light field acquisition, etc. Researches have shown that optimal aperture patterns can be quite different due to different applications, imaging conditions, or scene contents. In addition, many coded aperture techniques require aperture patterns to be temporally changed during capturing. As a result, it is often necessary to have a programmable aperture camera whose aperture pattern can be dynamically changed as needed in order to capture more useful information. In this paper, we propose a programmable aperture camera using a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) device. This design affords a high brightness contrast and high resolution aperture with a relatively low light loss, and enables one change the pattern at a reasonably high frame rate. We build a prototype camera and evaluate its features and drawbacks comprehensively by experiments. We also demonstrate three coded aperture applications in defocus deblurring, depth from defocus and light field acquisition.
Functional ultrasound imaging of the spreading activity following optogenetic stimulation of the rat visual cortex (2021)

Abstract Optogenetics has revolutionized neurosciences by allowing fine control of neuronal activity. An important aspect for this control is assessing the activation and/or adjusting the stimulation, which requires imaging the entire volume of optogenetically-induced neuronal activity. An ideal technique for this aim is fUS imaging, which allows one to generate brain-wide activation maps with submesoscopic spatial resolution. However, optical stimulation of the brain with blue light might lead to non-specific activations at high irradiances. fUS imaging of optogenetic activations can be obtained at these wavelengths using lower light power (&lt; 2mW) but it limits the depth of directly activatable neurons from the cortical surface. Our main goal was to report that we can detect specific optogenetic activations in V1 even in deep layers following stimulation at the cortical surface. Here, we show the possibility to detect deep optogenetic activations in anesthetized rats expressing the red-shifted opsin ChrimsonR in V1 using fUS imaging. We demonstrate the optogenetic specificity of these activations and their neuronal origin with electrophysiological recordings. Finally, we show that the optogenetic response initiated in V1 spreads to downstream (LGN) and upstream (V2) visual areas.
Strain Induced Bladder Smooth Muscle Remodeling (2007)

Multiple urinary bladder wall (UBW) pathologies, such as overactive bladder, bladder outlet obstruction, spinal cord injury (SCI) and related neurogenic disorders, and diabetes result in tissue remodeling marked by hypertrophic bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC) and altered extra-cellular matrix components. This remodeling results in changes in UBW biomechanical properties leading to altered bladder function. Our previous studies have revealed that during the initial areflexic phase of SCI the UBW undergoes profound remodeling that appears to be a compensatory mechanism for the increased wall stretch resulting from over-distension [1, 2]. Remodeling in the bladder wall results in changes in biomechanics and ultimately the ability of the organ to normally fill and void [3]. The stimuli and precise mechanisms that are responsible for bladder remodeling in SCI and the aforementioned pathologies remain unknown. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects of varied in vitro strain on ECM production in the ex vivo rat bladder as a first step toward understanding tissue remodeling in response to strain.
Effect of Sindbis birus infection on survival of mice in the cold (1979)

Mice infected with 10(9) plaque-forming units (PFU) of Sindbis virus 9 h prior to exposure to cold (5 degrees C) died more rapidly after entering the new environment than saline-injected control mice. The early deaths occurred in animals singly housed without bedding and only when food was withheld. Because deaths could be prevented by providing the infected animals with food, it was concluded that metabolic alteractions resulting from the virus infection were responsible for the deaths. As evidence, corticosteroid-inducible hepatic enzymes did not respond to hydrocortisone administration in virus-infected mice housed at 5 degrees C. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) (EC 4.1.1.32) was induced significantly in control mice held at 5 degrees C for 5 h, but failed to induce in infected mice in the cold. Tryptophan oxygenase (TO) (EC 1.13.11.11) activity was also induced in control mice at 5 degrees C, but was too low to be measured in livers of all infected mice including those exposed to cold. The conclusion that Sindbis virus-infected mice were unable to make the metabolic adjustments required for survival at 5 degrees C was further indicated by severe hypoglycemia and rapid drop in rectal temperature that occurred in infected mice after 5 h in the cold.
Epiploic Appendagitis Mimicking Recurrent Diverticulitis (2018)

Here, we report a case in which a patient with an extensive history of diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon presented with left lower quadrant abdominal pain similar to her previous episodes of diverticulitis. An initial diagnosis of diverticulitis was made based on her history and exam, intravenous antibiotics were given, and an elective surgical resection was considered. However, a subsequent CT scan revealed epiploic appendagitis with no evidence of diverticulitis. Though uncommon, in patients with a history of recurrent diverticulitis, alternative causes of left lower quadrant abdominal pain such as epiploic appendagitis should be considered as this may alter future treatment decisions.
From molecular copper complexes to composite electrocatalytic materials for selective reduction of CO2 to formic acid (2015)

The development of new energy storage technologies is central to solving the challenges facing the widespread use of renewable energies.
Localization of Saturable CCK Binding Sites in Rat Pancreatic Islets by Light and Electron Microscope Autoradiography (1985)

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a known stimulus for the release of insulin and other islet hormones. To localize islet cell CCK binding sites, we measured the uptake of 125I-CCK by the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. Light microscope autoradiographs revealed uptake of label over both the endocrine islets of Langerhans and the exocrine acini. This uptake of 125I-CCK was saturable, as it decreased markedly when a large excess of unlabeled CCK8 was included in the perfusion solution. To define which cells in the islets bound CCK, electron microscope autoradiographs were prepared. The majority of silver grains in islets were localized over beta cells (69%), although saturable uptake was also observed over alpha (12%) and other islet cells. When grain densities were analyzed (grains/micron 2), the highest density was observed over islet blood vessel cells. In contrast to islet blood vessels, there was no localization of 125I-CCK over acinar blood vessels. This study supports the concept, therefore, that there is a direct regulation of islet endocrine cells by CCK, and also raises the possibility that CCK influences islet hormone release via an indirect effect on the islet vascular endothelium.