gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Result of Arthrodesis of the Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Joint Using Bone Graft for Restoration of Length (2000)

We treated 24 patients (18 women, six men; average age, 46.4 years; (range, 28 to 66 years) with fusion of the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint using bone graft for the restoration of the length of the first ray. This procedure was performed after bone loss subsequent to previous surgeries for the correction of hallux valgus and hallux rigidus with: silastic arthroplasty (11), bunionectomy and distal metatarsal osteotomy (six), Keller resection arthroplasty (five), and total joint replacement (two). The indication for performing the arthrodesis with bone graft was a short first metatarsal, and associated metatarsalgia of the lesser metatarsals in addition to a painful MTP joint with or without deformity. This bone loss was associated with avascular necrosis of the first metatarsal (nine patients) and with osteomyelitis (seven patients). Of the 24 patients, 14 underwent additional concurrent surgery for correction of hammer toes (10), excision of a Morton's neuroma (two), and lesser metatarsal osteotomy (two). All patients were examined clinically and radiographically at a mean interval of 62.7 months after surgery (range, 26 to 108 months). The patients were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux and MTP 100-point outcome scale. Arthrodesis occurred in 19/24 patients (79.1%) at a mean of 13.3 weeks (range, 11 to 16 weeks), and the first ray was lengthened by a mean of 13 mm (range, 0 to 29 mm). Of the five nonunions, two were asymptomatic, and three were subsequently revised successfully, with arthrodesis occurring at a mean of 10.7 weeks. Complications included one deep infection requiring intravenous antibiotics for treatment of osteomyelitis and two minor superficial wound infections. The mean AOFAS score improved from 39 points (range, 22 to 60 points) to 79 points (range, 64 to 90 points). All patients were satisfied with the final outcome of treatment and stated that they would undergo the surgical procedure again. We concluded that arthrodesis of the hallux MTP joint with bone graft to restore bone loss and length of the first ray may be a worthwhile procedure despite the technical difficulty and the high rate of nonunion.
Does Bleach Processing Increase the Accuracy of Sputum Smear Microscopy for Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis? (2010)

Bleach digestion of sputum prior to smear preparation has been reported to increase the yield of microscopy for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis, even in high-HIV-prevalence settings. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of bleach microscopy, we updated a systematic review published in 2006 and applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework to rate the overall quality of the evidence. We searched multiple databases (as of January 2009) for primary studies in all languages comparing bleach and direct microscopy. We assessed study quality using a validated tool and heterogeneity by standard methods. We used hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) analysis to calculate summary estimates of diagnostic accuracy and random-effects meta-analysis to pool sensitivity and specificity differences. Of 14 studies (11 papers) included, 9 evaluated bleach centrifugation and 5 evaluated bleach sedimentation. Overall, examination of bleach-processed versus direct smears led to small increases in sensitivity (for bleach centrifugation, 6% [95% confidence interval [CI] = 3 to 10%, P = 0.001]; for bleach sedimentation, 9% [95% CI = 4 to 14%, P = 0.001]) and small decreases in specificity (for bleach centrifugation, -3% [95% CI = -4% to -1%, P = 0.004]; for bleach sedimentation, -2% [95% CI = -5% to 0%, P = 0.05]). Similarly, analysis of HSROC curves suggested little or no improvement in diagnostic accuracy. The quality of evidence was rated very low for both bleach centrifugation and bleach sedimentation. This updated systematic review suggests that the benefits of bleach processing are less than those described previously. Further research should focus on alternative approaches to optimizing smear microscopy, such as light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy and same-day sputum collection strategies.
A serine phosphorylation of Nm23, and not its nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, correlates with suppression of tumor metastatic potential. (1993)

We describe a serine phosphorylation of the putative metastasis suppressor protein Nm23, and present evidence of its relevance to the signal transduction and tumor metastatic processes. Nm23 was previously demonstrated to exhibit nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) activity, which transfers a phosphate among nucleoside tri- and diphosphates via an Nm23-phospho-histidine intermediate. Recent data have dissociated the NDPK activity of Nm23 from its phenotypic effects; therefore we have asked whether Nm23 possesses additional biochemical functions. An acid-stable (nonhistidine) phosphorylation was identified on autophosphorylated purified recombinant Nm23 proteins and [32P]orthophosphate-labeled human breast carcinoma and murine melanoma Nm23. Phosphoamino acid analysis identified serine as the acid-stable phosphorylation and serine 44 as the major site of phosphorylation. The acid stable phosphorylation (serine) of Nm23 was inhibited by cAMP in vitro and forskolin in vivo, suggesting that this phosphorylation pathway is regulated in signal transduction. No effect of cAMP was observed on Nm23 NDPK activity. Once phosphorylated, Nm23-phosphoserine can release free phosphate in vitro. The biological relevance of the novel phosphorylation identified herein is suggested by the direct correlation of in vivo Nm23 acid-stable phosphorylation levels, but not Nm23 NDPK activity, with suppression of tumor metastatic potential among control and nm23-1 transfected murine melanoma cells.
Properties of Developing Tree in Silicone Gel Observed by High Speed Camera and Detection of Emitted Electromagnetic Waves (2020)

We investigated tree development phenomena leading to a breakdown in silicone gel under the non-uniform electric field with a high-speed video camera. As a result, the tree developed stepwise, and its developing speed was similar with that in the silicone oil as subsonic speed. This phenomenon can be explained by that the tree (cavity) formed by discharges was a conductive condition which was supported by the result of electromagnetic waves during the tree development.
Reflecting on being black in computing (2021)

research-article Reflecting on being black in computing Authors: Quincy Brown blackcomputeHER.org and AnitaB.org blackcomputeHER.org and AnitaB.orgView Profile , Tyrone Grandison MStreetX, Hodos Health, and the Data-Driven Institute MStreetX, Hodos Health, and the Data-Driven InstituteView Profile , Odest Chadwicke Jenkins University of Michigan University of MichiganView Profile , Jamika D. Burge blackcomputeHER.org and Design & Technology Concepts LLC blackcomputeHER.org and Design & Technology Concepts LLCView Profile , Tawanna Dillahunt University of Michigan University of MichiganView Profile , Jakita O. Thomas blackcomputeHER.org and Auburn University blackcomputeHER.org and Auburn UniversityView Profile , Sheena Erete DePaul University DePaul UniversityView Profile , Yolanda A. Rankin Florida State University Florida State UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 28Issue 5September - October 2021 pp 34–37https://doi.org/10.1145/3480237Published:31 August 2021Publication History 2citation916DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads916Last 12 Months320Last 6 weeks69 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Inclusive W and Z production in the forward region at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\,{\text{TeV}} $ (2012)

A bstract Measurements of inclusive W and Z boson production cross-sections in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\,{\text{TeV}} $ using final states containing muons are presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb −1 collected with the LHCb detector. The W and Z bosons are reconstructed from muons with a transverse momentum above 20 GeV/c and pseudorapidity between 2 . 0 and 4 . 5, and, in the case of the Z cross-section, a dimuon invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV/c 2 . The cross-sections are measured to be 831 ± 9 ± 27 ± 29pb for W + , 656 ± 8 ± 19 ± 23 for W − and 76 . 7 ± 1 . 7 ± 3 . 3 ± 2 . 7pb for Z , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third is due to the luminosity. Differential cross-sections, W and Z cross-section ratios and the lepton charge asymmetry are also measured in the same kinematic region. The ratios are determined to be $ {\sigma_{{{W^{ + }} \to {\mu^{ + }}\nu }}}/{\sigma_{{{W^{ - }} \to {\mu^{ - }}\overline \nu }}} = 1.27\pm 0.02\pm 0.01 $ and $ \left( {{\sigma_{{{W^{ + }} \to {\mu^{ + }}\nu }}} + {\sigma_{{{W^{ - }} \to {\mu^{ - }}\overline \nu }}}} \right)/{\sigma_{{Z \to \mu \mu }}} = 19.4\pm 0.5\pm 0.9 $ . The results are in general agreement with theoretical predictions, performed at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD using recently calculated parton distribution functions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitory Activity of 3′‐Deoxy‐1‐deazaadenosines. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Governing the large metropolis. A research agenda (2013)

Our starting point is to challenge the often-made assumption that large cities are so complex that they have become ungovernable or that globalization pressures make political and policy choices irrelevant. By going beyond rational or positivist views of governance, it argues that the process of governing a city is never fully complete, nor linear. The paper refers to a systematic review of the academic literature. Urban societies are more or less governed and that may change from one city to the next, from one period to the next. Processes of government and governance are always work in progress, but make crucial differences over time. Case studies show that modes of governance have long-term consequences for their inhabitants and governing failures may have severe negative effects (e.g. housing shortages, low levels of educational attainment, crime, low productivity, health). The systematic analysis of the literature shows the need to describe and document at the same time (1) how processes of governance operate in relation to major urban development projects, the implementation of public policies and (2) the implications of such practices for inequalities; so to say articulating an analysis of the governance processes and their outcomes. The paper suggests that the link between metropolitan governance and inequalities allow considering inequalities not only as the outcomes of policy choices, but also as part of the way in which metropolitan policies are implemented.
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty in women: A novel ceramic device enables near normal gait function (2023)

Female cHRA returned to levels of gait function and activity similar to healthy controls unlike female THA.
VOLTTRON: An Agent Execution Platform for the Electric Power System (2012)

Volttron is an agent execution platform that is engineered for use in the electric power system. Volttron provides resource guarantees for agents and the platform including memory and processor utilization; authentication and authorization services; directory services for agent and resource location; and agent mobility. Unlike most other agent platforms, Volttron does not depend on a single agent authoring language. Instead, we chose to design and implement Volttron as a platform service and framework that is decoupled from the agent execution environment. A prototype implementation of Volttron has been written in Python (using Python v2.7.2) and we have executed agents written in Python and Java and as shell scripts. The intended use of Volttron is in the power distribution system for managing distributed generation, demand-response, and plug-in electric vehicles.
Mask Defect Specifications with Fail-Bit-Map Analysis (2002)

A new mask methodology of mask defect specifications by fail-bit-map (FBM) analysis of LSI devices was proposed. In this paper, concept of new mask defect specifications based on the FBM analysis is shown and impacts on LSI devices of mask defects are studied and the new methodology for next generation is applied. The new mask defect specifications were implemented in a gate-level mask with defects programmed into a 0.175&mu;m-rule DRAM fabrication process, as follows, Firstly, the programmed defects varied in terms of the types, locations and sizes were designed into the memory cell area on the 0.175&mu;m-rule DRAM gate-level mask. Secondly, the gate-level mask with programmed defects was fabricated with conventional mask process flow and the actual mask defect sizes were measured. Thirdly, exposures of the gate-level mask were carried out with conventional 0.175&mu;m-rule DRAM process. Finally, the large impacts on CDs caused by mask defect printability on wafers were clarified and FBM analysis was performed to characterize the relationship among the actual mask defect variations, the CD variations and electrical function of 0.175&mu;m-rule DRAM. This relationship can facilitate determination of the mask defect specifications on 0.175&mu;m-rule DRAM and also likely contribute to estimate next-generation defect specifications. According to the results of the above procedure, the mask defect specifications for opaque defects should be generally tighter than those for clear defects in view of the printability on the wafers and the FBM analysis. Nevertheless, the FBM results suggested that current mask inspection sensitivity for clear defects was too high. With the new methodology, in regard to the impacts of mask defects not only on wafer CDs but also on LSI devices, we have succeeded in obtaining useful results for the mask defect specifications.
Germline BRCA mutation does not prevent response to taxane‐based therapy for the treatment of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (2011)

• In this small, hypothesis-generating study approximately half of BRCA carriers had a prostate-specific antigen response to taxane-based chemotherapy, suggesting that it is an active therapy in these individuals.
The Role of TNF-α in Mice with Type 1- and 2- Diabetes (2012)

In short, our molecular analysis suggested that PM and AAT both may act in part by quenching a detrimental TNF-α dependent effect in both fat and PLNs. Indeed, short-term anti-TNF-α mAb treatment restored enduring euglycemia, self-tolerance, and normal insulin signaling.
Photoluminescence through in-gap states in phenylacetylene functionalized silicon nanocrystals (2016)

Optoelectronic properties of Si nanocrystals (SiNCs) were studied by combining scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) and optical measurements. The photoluminescence (PL) of phenylacetylene functionalized SiNCs red shifts relative to hexyl- and phenyl-capped counterparts, whereas the absorption spectra and the band gaps extracted from STS are similar for all surface groups. However, an in-gap state near the conduction band edge was detected by STS only for the phenylacetylene terminated SiNCs, which can account for the PL shift via relaxation across this state.
Cooperative localization and control for multi-robot manipulation (2002)

We describe a framework for coordinating multiple robots in cooperative manipulation tasks in which vision is used for establishing relative position and orientation and maintaining formation. The two key contributions are a cooperative scheme for localizing the robots based on visual imagery that is more robust than decentralized localization, and a set of control algorithms that allow the robots to maintain a prescribed formation (shape and size). The ability to maintain a prescribed formation allows the robots to "trap" objects in their midst, and to "flow" the formation to a desired position. We derive the cooperative localization and control algorithms and present experimental results that illustrate the implementation and the performance of these algorithms.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted N‐Benzyl Pyridones via an O‐ to N‐Alkyl Migration. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A method for optimization of the x-ray tube current in ROI imaging using a simulation framework for radiation dose and image quality calculation for arbitrary fluence distributions (2021)

In previous works, we have presented concepts for dynamic beam attenuators (DBAs) allowing for substantial dose reductions. So far, we have used a tube current modulation (TCM) scheme where the tube current is proportional to the square root of the maximum object attenuation in each projection. As DBAs show particularly beneficial behavior in region-of-interest (ROI) imaging, the question arose whether the employed TCM method would still be the most meaningful in this case. We present a simulation framework calculating i) the dose distribution in the object and ii) the image quality in the ROI of the reconstructed images for a given primary fluence: The dose to every voxel was calculated from individual Monte- Carlo simulations for every beamlet. From this we can approximate the effective dose, that incorporates tissue-specific weighting factors describing the stochastic health risk, for any fluence distribution. Using the same fluence distribution, the image variance according to the propagated fluence can be calculated for a given ROI. We employed a homogeneous phantom with a centered ROI and a female thorax phantom where the ROI is described by either the heart or the spine. Eventually, we optimized the tube current according to the product of mean image variance in the ROI and patient dose. Furthermore, the tube current obtained was compared with a heuristic square root TCM (hsqTCM) method. In result, the optimized TCM matches the hsqTCM well for the idealized case of a central ROI in an elliptical, homogeneous phantom. For a more complex case with an off-center ROI, the optimized TCM differs substantially from the hsqTCM rule, offering an additional dose reduction of up to 30%.
Hybrid Monte Carlo-Deterministic Methods for Reactor Analysis (2012)

AbstractA new variant of a hybrid Monte Carlo-deterministic approach for simulating particle transport problems is presented and compared to the SCALE FW-CADIS approach. The new approach, denoted as the SUBSPACE approach, improves the selection of the importance maps in order to reduce the computational overhead required to achieve global variance reduction - that is, the uniform reduction of variance everywhere in the phase-space. The intended applications are reactor analysis problems where detailed responses for all fuel assemblies are required everywhere in the reactor core. Like FW-CADIS, the SUBSPACE approach utilizes importance maps obtained from deterministic adjoint models to derive automatic weight-window biasing. Unlike FW-CADIS, the SUBSPACE approach does not employ flux-based weighting of the adjoint source term. Instead, it utilizes pseudoresponses generated with random weights to help identify the correlations between the importance maps that could be used to reduce the computational time required for global variance reduction. Numerical experiments, serving as proof of principle, are presented to compare the SUBSPACE and FW-CADIS approaches in terms of the global reduction in standard deviation and the associated figures of merit for representative nuclear reactor assembly and core models.
Usability for Accessibility (2015)

Differently of the Web Accessibility Guidelines, which are already consolidated as a reference, the initiatives to develop guidelines for accessible mobile applications are recent and several approaches present only suggestions rather than a concrete list of functional requirements. This work analyzed 247 scientific articles to identify requirements that are being considered to different types of impairments. The collected information was consolidated and classified according to groups of impairments. As result, this paper presents the main points of a checklist proposal for functional requirements, which should be considered by mobile applications to ensure accessibility with usability.
Analysis of Leakage Losses in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide Using 3-D Finite Element Method (2010)

We have evaluated leakage losses of one-dimensional photonic crystal coupled resonator optical waveguides (1-D PC-CROW) by using three-dimensional finite element method (3-D FEM). We propose structure of 1-D PC-CROW with shifted position of air-hole, changed size of air-hole, and changed air-hole depth. We have also proposed air-bridge 1-D PC-CROW and evaluated group velocity and leakage losses of these CROWs. Our numerical results show that 1-D PC-CROW has large leakage losses, especially for vertical direction, and the proposed structure can reduce leakage losses. Leakage loss of 1-D PC-CROW with changed air-hole depth is two order of magnitude lower compared with normal structure.
A 100Gbps/lambda-capable silicon photonics platform (2018)

Luxtera and TSMC have jointly developed a new generation 100Gbps/&lambda;-capable silicon photonics platform in a commercial 300 mm CMOS line. We present process details and the performance of the photonic device library.
TREATMENT OF DISLOCATED CRYSTALLINE LENS AND RETINAL DETACHMENT WITH PERFLUOROCARBON LIQUIDS (1992)

Removal of a crystalline lens dislocated into the vitreous cavity can be hazardous, particularly in the presence of a retinal detachment. Hard pieces of nuclear material may be difficult to extract and may repeatedly fall onto the retina when emulsification is attempted in the vitreous cavity. Cases involving four eyes with dislocated crystalline lens and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, into which liquid perfluorocarbon was injected after vitrectomy to float the dislocated lens material off the retina and reattach the retina, are reported. The dislocated lens was removed while floating on the perfluorocarbon liquid, which also provided a cushion that prevented dropped fragments of lens from traumatizing the retina. In all four cases, surgery was not associated with complications and resulted in improvement in visual acuity and retinal reattachment.