gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of the color shift of microcavity organic light-emitting diodes through the introduction of a circular polarizer with a nanoporous polymer film (2018)

A circular polarizer (CP) film modified by a nanoporous polymer film (NPF) was applied to improve the viewing angle characteristics of a top-emission organic light-emitting diode (TEOLED) without any serious pixel blur phenomenon. From this approach, the angular color shift (Δu′v′) was significantly improved from 0.096 to 0.056, and the angular luminance distribution was also expanded to the Lambertian distribution direction. The black color had a slightly faded tint, however, like the turn-off condition of the plasma display panel (PDP), regardless of the introduction of NPF below or above the CP. Very interestingly, the surface reflectance of the device with NPF-coated CP was not significantly different from that of the device with non-NPF CP. The pixel blur level according to the distance between the scattering medium and the light source was also investigated. As a result, it was found that the pixel blur phenomenon can be greatly suppressed by applying a thinner encapsulation lid with an NPF film.
Modeling optical equipment for wafer alignment and line-width measurement (1991)

A methodology is presented for modeling a wide variety of optical metrology equipment currently utilized in integrated circuit manufacturing. These tools include steppers for wafer alignment and optical microscopes for linewidth measurement. Rigorous models have been developed to facilitate this task, and the simulator METRO, based on these models, has been implemented. By utilizing this simulator, process engineers can gain more insight into the equipment under operation so as to obtain more accurate alignment and measurement results. These models are general enough so that optics designers can use the simulator to design innovative alignment and metrology schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Development of Rapid Scanning Surface-NMR for Wide Area Hydrogeologic Mapping (2016)

Surface nuclear magnetic resonance (Surface-NMR) measurements hold the valuable capability to directly image groundwater and to characterize aquifer flow and storage properties. Historically, implementations of surface-NMR have been limited by long stacking times and slow survey deployment, restricting applications primarily to 1D soundings and short 2D profiles. Through advancements in acquisition schemes, hardware, and deployment platforms, we demonstrate the ability to deploy surface-NMR as an efficient wide-area mapping technique. To increase measurement efficiency, we have developed acquisition schemes to improve the inherently low signal-to-noise-ratio of Earth's field NMR. Adiabatic pulse sequences are used to increase the detected NMR signal amplitude and to reduce requirements to scan over a wide range of pulse moments. Newly developed wireless noise-reference coil stations are used to cancel environmental noise without increasing the size or footprint of the signal-detection array. Smaller footprint wired signal-detection arrays are transported efficiently using mobile platforms, including towed coil mats and elevated coil forms. The detection array can be moved along a profile line and left in a static position for short time intervals to acquire measurements before being moved to the next position. These newly developed rapid scanning NMR technologies are demonstrated at a collection of sites in the Western United States.
Viscoacoustic Reverse Time Migration in TTI Media with Attenuation Compensation (2020)

Summary Anisotropy and absorption are critical to the modeling and analysis of seismic amplitude, phase, and traveltime data. Neglect of either of these phenomena, which are often both operating simultaneously, degrades the resolution and interpretability of migrated images. However, a full accounting of anisotropy and anelasticity is computationally complex and expensive. One strategy for accommodating these aspects of wave propagation while keeping cost and complexity under control is to do so within an acoustic approximation. We set up a procedure for solving the constant-Q time-domain viscoacoustic wave equation for tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media, based on a standard linear solid model, and, from this, develop a viscoacoustic reverse time migration (Q-RTM) algorithm. In this approach, amplitude compensation occurs within the migration process through a manipulation of attenuation and phase dispersion terms in the time domain differential equations. Specifically, the back-propagation operator is constructed by reversing the sign only of the amplitude loss operators, but not the dispersion-related operators, a step made possible by reformulating the absorptive TTI equations such that the two appear separately.
Extracellular histones trigger disseminated intravascular coagulation by lytic cell death (2020)

Abstract Histones are cationic nuclear proteins that are essential for the structure and functions of eukaryotic chromatin. However, extracellular histones trigger inflammatory responses and contribute to death in sepsis by unknown mechanisms. We recently reported that inflammasome activation and pyroptosis trigger coagulation activation through a tissue factor (TF)-dependent mechanism. Here, we show that histones trigger coagulation activation in vivo as evidenced by coagulation parameters and fibrin deposition in tissues. However, histone-induced coagulopathy was neither dependent on caspase 1/11 and gasdermin D (GSDMD), nor on TLR2 and TLR4, as deficiency of these genes in mice did not protect against histone-induced coagulopathy. Incubation of histones with macrophages induced lytic cell death and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, which is required for TF activity, a key initiator of coagulation. Neutralization of TF diminished histone-induced coagulation. Our findings reveal lytic cell death as a novel mechanism of histone-induce coagulation activation and thrombosis. Key Points Histones trigger DIC in a tissue factor dependent mechanism Histones induce tissue factor activation through lytic cell death
Nonlinear optical Properties of Liquid Crystals In The Isotropic Phase (1987)

Abstract Picosecond nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction were studied for several classes of isotropic phase liquid crystals, including Schiff base and ester compounds. Materials studied exhibit a large two-photon absorption coefficient (j3) at 532 nm.Values of j3 were found to be -0.6 cm/GW in several of the compounds studied. Nonlinear refraction was also observed and the nonlinear refractive index, n2 was measured for each material at 1.06 pm using an external self-focusing mangement. n2 ranged from 6 × 10-13 esu to 2 × 10-l2 esu. The combination of nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction in these materials result in optical limiting for input energies as low as 0.15 microjoules for 30 psec pules at 532 nm.
ChemInform Abstract: OPTICALLY ACTIVE CATECHOLIMIDAZOLINES: A STUDY OF STERIC INTERACTIONS AT α‐ADRENORECEPTORS (1983)

Abstract Auf den im Formelschema skizzierten Wegen erhält man die Imidazolium‐Verbindungen (III), (VII), (X) und (XI), deren α‐adrenergische Aktivität an der Rattenaorta geprüft wird.
Thickness Resonance Acoustic Microscopy for Nanomechanical Subsurface Imaging (2017)

A nondestructive scanning near-field thickness resonance acoustic microscopy (SNTRAM) has been developed that provides high-resolution mechanical depth sensitivity and sharp phase contrast of subsurface features. In SNTRAM technology, we excited the sample at its thickness resonance, at which a sharp change in phase is observed and mapped with a scanning probe microscopy stage in near field to provide nanometer-scale nanomechanical contrast of subsurface features/defects. We reported here the remarkable subsubsurface phase contrast and sensitivity of SNTRAM by exciting the sample with a sinusoidal elastic wave at a frequency equal to the thickness resonance of the sample. This results in a large shift in phase component associated with the bulk longitudinal wave propagating through the sample thickness, thus suggesting the usefulness of this method for (a) generating better image contrast due to high S/N of the transmitted ultrasound wave to the other side of the sample and (b) sensitive detection of local variation in material properties at much better resolution due to the sharp change in phase. We demonstrated that the sample excited at the thickness resonance has a more substantial phase contrast and depth sensitivity than that excited at off-resonance and related acoustic techniques. Subsurface features down to 5-8 nm lateral resolution have been demonstrated using a standard sample.
Misrepresentation of the National Women’s Hospital in Auckland, New Zealand (2016)

http://ajph.aphapublications.org/
Facial Feature Detection Using A Hierarchical Wavelet Face Database (2002)

WaveBase is a system for detecting features in a face image. It has a database of faces, each with a two-level hierarchical wavelet network. When a new face image is presented to the system for face detection, WaveBase searches its database for the &amp;quot;best face&amp;quot; -- the face whose first level wavelet network most closely matches the new face. It also determines an affine transformation to describe any difference in the orientation of the faces. By applying the affine transformation to the position of the features in the best face, approximate feature positions in the new face are found. Second level wavelet networks for each feature are then placed at these approximate positions, and allowed to move slightly to minimize their difference from the new face. This facilitates adjustments in addition to the affine transformation to account for slight differences in the geometry of the best head and the new head. The final position of the wavelet network is WaveBase&amp;apos;s estimate of the feature positions. Experiments demonstrate the benefit of our hierarchical approach. Results compare favorably with existing techniques for feature localization.
IETF 6TiSCH: A Tutorial (2019)

The IETF IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE802.15.4e (6TiSCH) working group has standardized a set of protocols to enable low power industrial-grade IPv6 networks. 6TiSCH proposes a protocol stack rooted in the Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode of the IEEE802.15.4-2015 standard, supports multi-hop topologies with the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) routing protocol, and is IPv6-ready through 6LoWPAN. 6TiSCH has defined the missing control plane protocols to match link-layer resources to the routing topology and application communication needs. 6TiSCH has also defined a secure light-weight join processes combining link-layer security features (through Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM*)) with a secure joining procedure using the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the 6TiSCH architecture and protocol suite, including the 6TiSCH Operation Sublayer (6top), the 6top Protocol (6P), and how it uses 6LoWPAN, IP-in-IP encapsulation, and RPL. This document is meant to be used both as a primer, and as a reference. It is tailored to the advanced researcher and engineer implementing and building upon IETF 6TiSCH specifications.
An Iterative Temporal Error Concealment Algorithm for Degraded Video Signals (2001)

SUMMARY Error concealment is an essential part of reliable video communication systems because transmission errors are inevitable even when the coded bitstream is highly protected. The problem of temporal EC can be factored into two parts regarding candidate motion vectors (MVs) employed and the matching criterion to evaluate the fitness of each candidate MV. In order to obtain more faithful EC results, this paper proposes a novel iterative EC algorithm, in which an efficient way to provide candidate MVs and a new fitness measure are presented. The proposed approach for candidate MVs systematically utilizes all the available neighboring MVs by exploiting a well-known spatiotemporal correlation of block MVs. Also, in order to remove the dependency of a damaged block’s quality of concealment on the already concealed adjacent blocks, we develope a new matching criterion. The objective of the proposed fitness measure is to minimize the total boundary matching errors induced by the whole corrupted blocks. Simulations performed using an H.263 codec demonstrate a significant improvement on the subjective and objective concealed video qualities, especially when the corrupted area is wider than a single row of coding blocks.
Pulmonary pathologic manifestations of anti-glycyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-EJ)-related inflammatory myopathy (2014)

Identifying ARS-associated autoantibodies in ILD patients with or without myopathy is desirable because patients may respond well to immunosuppressive therapy, and their prognosis is better than that of patients with idiopathic forms of DAD or UIP.
Spontaneous rupture of the stomach: A complication of bulimia (1986)

Spontaneous rupture of the stomach is an uncommon and often lethal con- dition. Although it has never before been attributed to bulimia, a number of previously reported cases have occurred in women who have eaten heavily. A case is presented in which rupture of the stomach clearly followed bingeing in a bulimic patient. The mechanism by which this could occur and the ram- ifications for treatment are discussed.
Effects of Perfluorodecanoic Acid on the Photostability and Self-Recovery of Cesium Lead Bromide Nanocrystals (2023)

Photoinduced desorption of surface ligands causes photodegradation of nanophosphors due to enhanced non-radiative relaxation, which is attributed to generated surface defects. We previously reported the self-recovery of photodegraded CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals (NCs) and revealed that its mechanism can be attributed to readsorption of the desorbed surface ligands. Thus, using different surface ligands would change the photodegradation and subsequent self-recovery behaviors. Accordingly, in the present work, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) was added to pre-synthesized CsPbBr 3 NCs modified with oleic acid and oleylamine to evaluate its effects on photodegradation and subsequent self-recovery. The as-prepared NCs (OA-NCs) and PFDA-modified NCs (PFDA-NCs) were dispersed in nanocomposite ethylene-vinyl acetate resin films to suppress concentration quenching. OA-NCs showed monotonical photoluminescence (PL) decrease under blue excitation light and self-recovery during subsequent dark storage. In contrast, the PFDA-NCs exhibited temporary PL enhancement under excitation irradiation. The photo-activation is attributed to optimization of the adsorption states of the surface ligands in the early stage, while the influence of photodegradation due to ligand desorption becomes dominant later. However, increased PFDA modification prevented self-recovery, indicating that desorbed PFDA may be resistant to readsorption on the NC surface.
Multi-attribute Vehicle Recognition with Feature Fusion Using Muti-Gate Unit (2023)

Vehicle multi-attribute recognition is a critical technology in modern transportation systems. It can help automatically recognize and classifies vehicles based on attributes such as manufacturer, model, color, and type. This information is helpful for a variety of downstream applications, including traffic surveillance, intelligent transportation, and vehicle tracking. Currently, the benchmark performance of image recognition models continues to improve with the ongoing development of deep learning technology. However, most recognition models still have room for improvement in tasks involving the simultaneous recognition of multiple attributes. In this paper, we propose a new method for enhancing the performance deep learning models in multi-attribute recognition tasks. Our method is inspired by the idea of Muti-Gate Mixture of Experts (MMoE) network, which can effectively mix models of different scales of features for the recognition of different attributes. We also design a loss function that combines information entropy and contrastive loss to enhance the accuracy of fine-grained image recognition in multi-task scenarios with limited datasets. We apply our method to a vehicle multi-attribute recognition model and demonstrate through results the effectiveness of our proposed method in improving deep learning models for multi-attribute recognition tasks.
Human tracking with mixtures of trees (2002)

Tree-structured probabilistic models admit simple, fast inference. However they are not well suited to phenonena such as occlusion, where multiple components of an object may disappear simultaneously. We address this problem with mixtures of trees, and demonstrate an efficient and compact representation of this mixture, which admits simple learning and inference algorithms. We use this method to build an automated tracker for Muybridge sequences of a variety of human activities. Tracking is difficult, because the temporal dependencies rule out simple inference methods. We show how to use our model for efficient inference, using a method that employs alternate spatial and temporal inference. The result is a cracker that (a) uses a very loose motion model, and so can track many different activities at a variable frame rate and (b) is entirely, automatic.
(Invited) Integration of InP Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors on Silicon Substrates for 6G Networks (2023)

The power amplifier (PA) in an RF front-end module operating above 100 GHz required for 6G wireless networks is the most power-hungry device circuit component. In that respect, InP-based heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) clearly outperform other PA technologies, but being processed on small size wafers, they lack a cost-effective fabrication for mass production. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of various integration approaches for InP-based HBTs. A key aspect in achieving high yield device fabrication is the use of large-diameter silicon wafers. This study discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different InP-based HBT integration concepts on Si, emphasizing important factors for upscaling InP technologies. Furthermore, this work introduces nano-ridge engineering (NRE), a novel monolithic III-V integration approach currently being explored at imec, which holds the potential for cost-effective and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible production.
Cytotoxicity of the Urokinase-Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Carbamimidothioic Acid (4-Boronophenyl) Methyl Ester Hydrobromide (BC-11) on Triple-Negative MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells (2015)

BC-11 is an easily synthesized simple thiouronium-substituted phenylboronic acid, which has been shown to be cytotoxic on triple negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells by inducing a perturbation of cell cycle when administered at a concentration equal to its ED50 at 72 h (117 μM). Exposure of cells to BC-11, either pre-absorbed with a soluble preparation of the N-terminal fragment of urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPa), or in co-treatment with two different EGFR inhibitors, indicated that: (i) BC-11 acts via binding to the N-terminus of the enzyme where uPa- and EGF receptor-recognizing sites are present, thereby abrogating the growth-sustaining effect resulting from receptor binding; and (ii) the co-presence of the EGFR inhibitor PD153035 potentiates BC-11's cytotoxicity. Exposure of cells to a higher concentration of BC-11 corresponding to its ED75 at 72 h (250 μM) caused additional impairment of mitochondrial activity, the production of reactive oxygen species and promotion of apoptosis. Therefore, BC-11 treatment appears to show potential for the development of this class of compounds in the prevention and/or therapy of "aggressive" breast carcinoma.
Lactide and Glycolide Polymers (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Synthesis, Processing, and Properties Toxicity and Safety Drug Delivery Applications Summary References
Overall control strategy of variable speed doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine (2004)

The variable speed doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine is today the most widely used concept. The paper presents an overall control system of the variable speed DFIG wind turbine, with focus on the control strategies and algorithms applied at each hierarchical control level of the wind turbine. The present control method is designed for normal continuous operations. The strongest feature of the implemented control method is that it allows the turbine to operate with the optimum power efficiency over a wider range of wind speeds. The variable speed/variable pitch wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator is implemented in the dynamic power system simulation tool DIgSILENT. Simulation results are performed and analyzed in different normal operating conditions.
Effects of voids on damage mechanism in RTM laminates under tensile loading (1994)

The effect of voids on the transverse mechanical behavior was investigated for unidirectional resin transfer molded laminates of glass fiber fabric/vinylester. Laminates with the highest average co ...
A 16-Element Phased-Array Transceiver in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS for Fixed Wireless Access Covering the Full 57-71 GHz Band (2020)

A 16-element phased-array transceiver covering the entire 57-71 GHz band of the IEEE 802.11ad standard is presented. The radio is implemented in a 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The packaged die is measured and results are given for the transmitter, receiver and PLL performances. The transmitter has a peak single-element OP <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</inf> of 13.8 dBm, including SPDT and packaging losses. The receiver has a system noise figure between 6.3 and 7.6 dB. With all 16-elements active the transceiver consumes 9.8 W in TX mode (at P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</inf> ) and 1.9 W in RX mode. Preliminary link tests showing 1.8 Gbps at over 700 m are reported.
Characterization of [ 125 I]ZM241385 binding to adenosine A 2A receptors in thalamus and pineal gland of sheep brain (2006)

Adenosine is a ubiquitous neuromodulator and homeostatic regulator that exerts its physiologic effects through activation of A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 receptor subtypes. In the central nervous system, adenosine has neuromodulatory activity that often manifests as tonic inhibitory control. Adenosine released from the brain during hypoxia has critical depressant effects on breathing in fetal and newborn mammals, an action that may be mediated by A2A receptors that are associated with the parafascicular nuclear complex of the posteromedial thalamus. In an effort to define the relative distribution of adenosine A2A receptors in the sheep diencephalons, we have used a receptor autoradiographic technique utilizing an iodinated radioligand, which has greater sensitivity than the tritiated compound. The distribution of [125I]ZM241385 binding sites in fetal sheep diencephalons indicated that the highest levels of binding were in the parafascicular nuclear complex and the pineal gland. These binding sites were more fully characterized in homogenate radioligand binding assays. These data indicated that [125I]ZM241385 binding sites displayed a pharmacological signature consistent with that of adenosine A2A receptors and were expressed at similar levels in fetal neonatal, and adult ovine brain. These results have important implications for the functional roles of adenosine in the thalamus and pineal of the sheep brain. Supported by NICHD HD-18478
Architectural tradeoffs in the design of MIPS-X (1987)

The design of a RISC processor requires a careful analysis of the tradeoffs that can be made between hardware complexity and software. As new generations of processors are built to take advantage of more advanced technologies, new and different tradeoffs must be considered. We examine the design of a second generation VLSI RISC processor, MIPS-X.