gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ERα-LBD, a novel isoform of estrogen receptor alpha, promotes breast cancer proliferation and endocrine resistance (2021)

ABSTRACT Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) drives mammary gland development and breast cancer (BC) growth through an evolutionarily conserved linkage of DNA binding and hormone activation functions. Therapeutic targeting of the hormone binding pocket is a widely utilized and successful strategy for breast cancer prevention and treatment. However, resistance to this endocrine therapy is frequently encountered and may occur through bypass or reactivation of ER-regulated transcriptional programs. We now identify the induction of a novel ERα isoform, ERα-LBD, that is encoded by an alternative ESR1 transcript and lacks the activation function and DNA binding domains. Despite lacking the transcriptional activity, ERα-LBD is found to promote breast cancer growth and resistance to the ERα antagonist fulvestrant. ERα-LBD is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and mitochondria of BC cells and leads to enhanced glycolysis, respiration and stem-like features. Intriguingly, ERα-LBD expression and function does not appear to be restricted to cancers that express full length ERα but also promotes growth of triple negative breast cancers and ERα-LBD transcript (ESR1-LBD) is also present in BC samples from both ERα(+) and ERα(−) human tumors. These findings point to ERα-LBD as a potential mediator of breast cancer progression and therapy resistance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Endocrine resistant and metastatic breast cancer (BC) is a clinically significant problem. Our study of fulvestrant resistant cancer cells led to the discovery of a novel ERα isoform which we call ERα-LBD. Encoded by a truncated transcript variant (ESR1-LBD) and lacking the N-terminal domains (activation of transcription and DNA binding), ERα-LBD displays a unique role in BC tumorigenesis and progression by mechanisms that may involve metabolic and cell growth advantages, stemness and therapy resistance. Importantly, ESR1-LBD is preferentially expressed in human breast tumor tissues and may be used as prognostic marker in BC.
Probing structural stability of double-walled carbon nanotubes at high non-hydrostatic pressure by Raman spectroscopy (2011)

Theoretical calculations predict that the collapse pressure for double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) is proportional to 1/R 3, where R is the effective or average radius of a DWCNT. In order to address the problem of CNT stability at high pressure and stress, we performed a resonance Raman study of DWCNTs dispersed in sodium cholate using 532 and 633 nm laser excitation. Raman spectra of the recovered samples show minor versus irreversible changes with increasing I D/I G ratio after exposure to high non-hydrostatic pressure of 23 and 35 GPa, respectively. The system exhibits nearly 70% pressure hysteresis in radial breathing vibrational mode signals recovery on pressure release which is twice that predicted by theory.
Direct Evidence for DNA Bending at the Lambda Replication Origin (1987)

Replication initiation in bacteriophage lambda appears to require wrapping of origin DNA on an approximately 50 angstrom radius in or around the complex with the initiator protein O. Since short lengths of DNA are not that flexible, it may be that runs of coherently spaced deoxyadenylate residues constitute bend sites in the ori sequence that facilitate the process. Earlier data showed that ori DNA has electrophoretic anomalies characteristic of bend sites and that these are augmented by initiator protein binding. Here origin bending is examined by direct measurement of the ability of polymerized ori sequences to form small circles. The smallest circles observed (84 residues) are compatible with the required radius of curvature. Bend sites within the O protein binding sites, bend sites in the spacers between them, plus the inherent flexibility of non-bent DNA in the origin may all contribute to origin bending. The data also show that a bend site is required for O protein binding to DNA.
Balanced PA Topology For Beamforming (2019)

Phased array antennas for beamforming application presents several challenges and constraints. More specifically, the coupling between each antenna has been studied in order to estimate the VSWR issue and to see also the impact on RF performances: gain, PAE and linearity of the power amplifier. As a good study, simulation of a C65SOI PA has been done and a 28 GHz bipolar balanced PA has been designed in BiCMOS9MW to achieve robust output load insensitivity. The proposed balanced PA provides 12.5 dBm P1dB and a maximum Power Added Efficiency of 17.9% with 14 dB of gain. The gain and PAE variations for 2:1 VSWR at 28 GHz is 1.1 dB and 5.5% respectively. It consumes 39.1 mW and occupies 0.121 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Evaluating resistance of polymeric materials for outdoor applications to corona and ozone (2010)

This paper presents a review discussing methods of determination the resistance to corona discharges and ozone of polymeric materials for applications in outdoor insulation. It also describes a part of international activities within CIGRE WG D1.01 aiming to develop suitable methodology for the testing, which includes designing the necessary test arrangement, defining test conditions and finally exemplifying results of the treatment by monitoring changes of electrical, mechanical and structural properties of some materials.
Single camera tracking of marker clusters: multiparameter cluster optimization and experimental verification (2003)

We have built a system for augmented reality visualization based on a single head mounted tracking camera. The camera includes an infrared illuminator and works in conjunction with a set of retro-reflective markers that are placed around the workspace. This marker frame configuration delivers excellent pose information, which translates to stable, jitter-free augmentation. In this article, we describe using the same single camera system for tracking relatively small marker clusters, which can be used for tool or instrument tracking. Tracking of such a marker cluster is more susceptible to noise compared to tracking of a marker frame, mainly due to its small image coverage. The sensitivity to noise is studied using Monte Carlo simulations and verified in an experimental setup. We achieved jitter-free augmentation with an optimized cluster design.
Solvent-driven aqueous separations for hypersaline brine concentration and resource recovery (2022)

Solvent-driven separation processes can extract water and high-value minerals from high salinity or contaminated brines, simultaneously reducing the environmental impact of brine disposal and enabling resource recovery. The efficient dewatering of hypersaline brines is essential for the sustainable minimal and zero liquid discharge processing of industrial wastewaters. Fractional crystallization can selectively extract ions from contaminated waste streams, allowing critical materials to be recycled, including transition and lanthanide metals required for renewable energy generation and storage. Mass transfer in solventdriven water extraction occurs across a liquid-liquid interface, eliminating the scaling and fouling of membrane and heat exchanger surfaces and limiting the need for extensive pretreatment. Solvent-driven fractional crystallization can leverage sequential treatment and control of process conditions to rapidly recover salts without requiring evaporation of water. Despite promising applications, the principles and potential of solvent-driven aqueous separations remain poorly understood. This critical review explores the opportunities presented by solventbased aqueous separations from the molecular to process scale, evaluating the chemistry of solvation and system design in the broader context of desalination, resource recovery, water softening, and mineral production.
The sequence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 circle junction suggests that integration protein cleaves the ends of linear DNA asymmetrically (1991)

The sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 circle junction was determined. The most common sequence found between the conserved CA and TG dinucleotides at the ends of the integrated provirus was five bases long (GGTAC). This suggests that the integration of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 DNA is accompanied by the asymmetric loss of two and three bases, respectively, from the U3 and U5 ends of the linear double-stranded DNA prior to integration.
In-Cylinder Flow Correlations Between Steady Flow Bench and Motored Engine Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (2017)

Intake port flow performance plays a substantial role in determining the volumetric efficiency and in-cylinder charge motion of a spark-ignited engine. Steady-state flow bench and motored engine flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to bridge these two approaches for the evaluation of port flow and charge motion (such as discharge coefficient, swirl/tumble ratios (SR/TR)). The intake port polar velocity profile and polar physical clearance profile were generated to evaluate the port performance based on local flow velocity and physical clearance in the valve-seat region. The measured data were taken from standard steady-state flow bench tests of an intake port for validation of CFD simulations. It was reconfirmed that the predicted discharge coefficients and swirl/tumble index (SI/TI) of steady flow bench simulations have a good correlation with those of motored engine flow simulations. Polar velocity profile is strongly affected by polar physical clearance profile. The polar velocity inhomogeneity factor (IHF) correlates well with the port discharge coefficient, swirl/tumble index. Useful information can be extracted from local polar physical clearance and velocity, which can help for intake port design.
Design and Implementation of Time-Sensitive Wireless IoT Networks on Software-Defined Radio (2021)

Time-sensitive wireless networks are an important enabling building block for many emerging industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Quick prototyping and evaluation of time-sensitive wireless technologies are desirable for research and development efforts. Software-defined radio (SDR), by allowing wireless signal processing on a personal computer (PC), has been widely used for such quick prototyping efforts. Unfortunately, because of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">uncontrollable delay</i> between the PC and the radio board, SDR is generally deemed not suitable for time-sensitive wireless applications that demand communication with low and deterministic latency. For a rigorous evaluation of its suitability for industrial IoT applications, this article conducts a quantitative investigation of the synchronization accuracy and end-to-end latency achievable by an SDR wireless system. To this end, we designed and implemented a time-slotted wireless system on the universal software radio peripheral (USRP) SDR platform. We developed a time synchronization mechanism to maintain synchrony among nodes in the system. To reduce the delays and delay jitters between the USRP board and its PC, we devised a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Just-in-time</i> algorithm to ensure that packets sent by the PC to the USRP can reach the USRP just before the time slots they are to be transmitted. Our experiments demonstrate that 90% (100%) of the time slots of different nodes can be synchronized and aligned to within ±0.5 samples or <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm 0.05\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (±1.5 samples or <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm 0.15\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ), and that the end-to-end packet delivery latency can be down to 3.75 ms. This means that SDR-based solutions can be applied in a range of IIoT applications that require tight synchrony and moderately low latency, e.g., sensor data collection, automated guided vehicle (AGV) control, and human–machine interaction (HMI).
SiMPE (2012)

The SiMPE workshop series started in 2006 [2] with the goal of enabling speech processing on mobile and embedded devices to meet the challenges of pervasive environments (such as noise) and leveraging the context they offer (such as location). SiMPE 2010 and 2011 brought together researchers from the speech and the HCI communities. Multimodality got more attention in SiMPE 2008 than it had received in the previous years. In SiMPE 2007, the focus was on developing regions. Speech User interaction in cars was a focus area in 2009.
Relationship between asthma and cognition: the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study (2013)

In the largest sample examined to date, we have identified a significant relationship between asthma and cognitive impairment in older people.
Spatial Focusing and Interference Reduction using MISO Time Reversal in an Indoor Application (2007)

This paper evaluates the spatial focusing performance of the Time Reversal (TR) method in a multiple input single output (MISO) situation with experimental data. For the target user, the received signal is related to the channel link from the transmitter to the target receiver. The received power increases as we enlarge the array size, and it increases by 15.6dB with 16 transmit antennas, compared to the single link. For the eavesdropper, the received signal is determined by both the channel link from the transmitter to the target user and the channel link from the transmitter to the eavesdropper. In terms of unbalanced branch power, the minimum average Eavesdropping Margin (EM) and Peak Eavesdropping Margin (EMPeak) are 14dB and 13dB from 16 transmit elements.
The “Glucose Pentagon”: Assessing Glycemic Control of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus by a Model Integrating Different Parameters from Glucose Profiles (2009)

Measuring the hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) is the standard-of-care method to assess long-term glycemic control of patients with diabetes, describing the average glycemic level. However, the HbA(1c) does not reflect acute fluctuations in glucose levels. Variability of glycemia probably has an impact on the development of diabetes-related late complications. A novel model presented in this article combines different summary measures derived from continuously recorded glucose profiles (including parameters describing glycemic variability) and the HbA(1c). The five parameters taking into account are the axes of a "glucose pentagon." Connecting the values of these parameters provided an enclosed area of a given size. For a patient with diabetes, these parameters and the connected area describe how his or her glycemia was during the monitoring period. The area of the glucose pentagon for a patient with diabetes, divided by the standard area of healthy subjects, yields a non-dimensional characteristic value defined as the glycemic risk parameter. It is assume that this risk parameter provides a more meaningful overall description of metabolic control than the HbA(1c) alone. In addition, it might also allow a better assessment of a patient's risk for developing diabetes-related late complications in comparison to the HbA(1c) alone. Of critical importance is, of course, that the clinical relevance of the glucose pentagon is verified in adequate long-term clinical studies.
Endovascular ablation of the right greater splanchnic nerve in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: early results of the REBALANCE‐HF trial roll‐in cohort (2022)

The preliminary open-label results from the multicentre REBALANCE-HF roll-in cohort support the safety and efficacy of SAVM in HFpEF. The findings require confirmation in the ongoing randomized, sham-controlled portion of the trial.
A novel tridentate nitrogen donor as ligand in copper catalyzed ATRP of methyl methacrylate (2005)

Abstract A tridentate ligand, BPIEP: 2,6‐bis[1‐(2,6‐diisopropyl phenylimino) ethyl] pyridine, having central pyridine unit and two peripheral imine coordination sites was effectively employed in controlled/“living” radical polymerization of MMA at 90°C in toluene as solvent, Cu I Br as catalyst, and ethyl‐2‐bromoisobutyrate (EB i B) as initiator resulting in well‐defined polymers with polydispersities M w / M n ≤ 1.23. The rate of polymerization follows first‐order kinetics, k app = 3.4 × 10 −5 s −1 , indicating the presence of low radical concentration ([P*] ≤ 10 −8 ) throughout the reaction. The polymerization rate attains a maximum at a ligand‐to‐metal ratio of 2:1 in toluene at 90°C. The solvent concentration (v/v, with respect to monomer) has a significant effect on the polymerization kinetics. The polymerization is faster in polar solvents like, diphenylether, and anisole, as compared to toluene. Increasing the monomer concentration in toluene resulted in a better control of polymerization. The molecular weights ( M n,SEC ) increased linearly with conversion and were found to be higher than predicted molecular ( M n,Cal ). However, the polydispersity remained narrow, i.e ., ≤1.23. The initiator efficiency at lower monomer concentration approaches a value of 0.7 in 110 min as compared to 0.5 in 330 min at higher monomer concentration. The aging of the copper salt complexed with BPIEP had a beneficial effect and resulted in polymers with narrow polydispersitities and higher conversion. PMMA obtained at room temperature in toluene (33%, v/v) gave PDI of 1.22 ( M n = 8500) in 48 h whereas, at 50°C the PDI is 1.18 ( M n = 10,300), which is achieved in 23 h. The plot of ln k app versus 1/ T gave an apparent activation energy of polymerization as (Δ E ≠ app ) 58.29 KJ/mol and enthalpy of equilibrium (Δ H 0 eq ) to 28.8 KJ/mol. Reverse ATRP of MMA was successfully performed using AIBN in bulk as well as solution. The controlled nature of the polymerization reaction was established through kinetic studies and chain extension experiments. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4996–5008, 2005
Viscosity, Interfacial Tension, Density, and Refractive Index of Ionic Liquids [EMIM][MeSO3], [EMIM][MeOHPO2], [EMIM][OcSO4], and [BBIM][NTf2] in Dependence on Temperature at Atmospheric Pressure (2009)

This work represents a continuation of former investigations, where viscosity, interfacial tension, density, and refractive index of ionic liquids (ILs) [EMIM][EtSO4] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate), [EMIM][NTf2] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide), [EMIM][N(CN)2] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide), and [OMA][NTf2] (trioctylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) were studied. Here, the ILs [EMIM][MeSO3] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate), [EMIM][MeOHPO2] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylphosphonate), [EMIM][OcSO4] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octylsulfate), and [BBIM][NTf2] (1-butyl-3-butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) were investigated again both by conventional techniques and by surface light scattering (SLS). An Abbe refractometer was used for the measurement of the refractive index in the range of (283.15 to 313.15) K with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of about 0.0005. The density was measured between (273.15 and 313.15) K with a vibrating tube densimeter and an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of about 0.02 %. The interfacial tension was obtained from the pendant drop technique at a temperature of 293.15 K with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 1 %. On the basis of this datum and the temperature dependence of density, the interfacial tension for all relevant temperatures was estimated via an appropriate prediction model. For the ILs studied within this work, at a first-order approximation, the quantity directly accessible by SLS was the ratio of dynamic viscosity to surface tension. Combining the results from SLS with values for density and interfacial tension from conventional methods, the dynamic viscosity could be obtained from (273.15 to 333.15) K with an estimated expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of less than 3 %. Besides a comparison with the literature, the major aim of this work was to point out the influence of variations of the anion on thermophysical properties of [EMIM]+-based ILs. In addition, the effect of different cations was studied in ILs with the [NTf2]− anion. ILs with equal cations and similar anions can still exhibit different properties, which is interpreted with relevant molecular interactions.
Production of antigenically stable enterovirus A71 virus-like particles in Pichia pastoris as a vaccine candidate (2023)

Enterovirus A71 (EVA71) causes widespread disease in young children with occasional fatal consequences. In common with other picornaviruses, both empty capsids (ECs) and infectious virions are produced during the viral lifecycle. While initially antigenically indistinguishable from virions, ECs readily convert to an expanded conformation at moderate temperatures. In the closely related poliovirus, these conformational changes result in loss of antigenic sites required to elicit protective immune responses. Whether this is true for EVA71 remains to be determined and is the subject of this investigation.We previously reported the selection of a thermally resistant EVA71 genogroup B2 population using successive rounds of heating and passage. The mutations found in the structural protein-coding region of the selected population conferred increased thermal stability to both virions and naturally produced ECs. Here, we introduced these mutations into a recombinant expression system to produce stabilized virus-like particles (VLPs) in <i>Pichia pastoris</i>.The stabilized VLPs retain the native virion-like antigenic conformation as determined by reactivity with a specific antibody. Structural studies suggest multiple potential mechanisms of antigenic stabilization, however, unlike poliovirus, both native and expanded EVA71 particles elicited antibodies able to directly neutralize virus <i>in vitro</i>. Therefore, anti-EVA71 neutralizing antibodies are elicited by sites which are not canonically associated with the native conformation, but whether antigenic sites specific to the native conformation provide additional protective responses <i>in vivo</i> remains unclear. VLPs are likely to provide cheaper and safer alternatives for vaccine production and these data show that VLP vaccines are comparable with inactivated virus vaccines at inducing neutralising antibodies.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of a Chiral Bicyclic β‐Hydroxyphosphonamide ‐ An Asymmetric Olefination Intermediate, C25H41N2O2P. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.