gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The BRCT domain of mammalian Pes1 is crucial for nucleolar localization and rRNA processing (2006)

The nucleolar protein Pes1 interacts with Bop1 and WDR12 in a stable complex (PeBoW-complex) and its expression is tightly associated with cell proliferation. The yeast homologue Nop7p (Yph1p) functions in both, rRNA processing and cell cycle progression. The presence of a BRCT-domain (BRCA1 C-terminal) within Pes1 is quite unique for an rRNA processing factor, as this domain is normally found in factors involved in DNA-damage or repair pathways. Thus, the function of the BRCT-domain in Pes1 remains elusive. We established a conditional siRNA-based knock-down-knock-in system and analysed a panel of Pes1 truncation mutants for their functionality in ribosome synthesis in the absence of endogenous Pes1. Deletion of the BRCT-domain or single point mutations of highly conserved residues caused diffuse nucleoplasmic distribution and failure to replace endogenous Pes1 in rRNA processing. Further, the BRCT-mutants of Pes1 were less stable and not incorporated into the PeBoW-complex. Hence, the integrity of the BRCT-domain of Pes1 is crucial for nucleolar localization and its function in rRNA processing.
Terminal deletion of chromosome 4p (4p16.3) shows a breakpoint between loci linked to Huntington disease (1992)

A 15-year-old boy with a terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 is described. The patient has a mild clinical phenotype that is incompatible with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Careful neurological examination including CT scan did not show any signs of Huntington disease. The chromosomal breakpoint was analyzed by means of polymorphic DNA probes localized close to the tentative Huntington (HD) locus. The breakage has occurred between D4S43 and D4S90 loci and thus deletes part of the chromosomal candidate regions for the HD locus.
An efficient reference-based adaptive antenna impedance matching CMOS circuit (2016)

This paper presents a simple integrated reference based adaptive matching network capable of undertaking real time antenna tuning for applications such as wearable wireless sensors. The signal sent to the antenna is compared to a reference signal using a single flip-flop acting as a phase detector. In case of an impedance mismatch, a counter controlling a capacitor bank is activated reducing the sensed mismatch. The system is capable of three modes: calibration, matching and operation. The calibration mode ensures that the reference signal is in phase with the signal sent to the antenna when the impedance of the antenna is 50 Ω. In matching mode, the capacitor bank is adjusted to maintain antenna matching. In operation mode, the circuit is shut off allowing for low power consumption (85 nW while matching every 1 ms). The circuit is able to provide a VSWR <; 2 over a wide range of antenna impedance levels. It is designed in CMOS 0.13 μm technology.
Gastrointestinal Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Persistently Lowers Microbiome and Metabolome Diversity (2020)

Intestinal surgeries seem to reduce the diversity of the gut microbiome and metabolome in IBD patients, and these changes may persist. Surgery also further destabilizes the microbiome (but not the metabolome) over time, even relative to the previously established instability in the microbiome of IBD patients. These long-term effects and their consequences for health outcomes need to be studied in prospective longitudinal trials linked to microbiome-involved phenotypes.
Step‐by‐Step Examples (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Placing Nulls Thinned Arrays
Image-Based Reverse Engineering and Visual Prototyping of Woven Cloth (2014)

Realistic visualization of cloth has many applications in computer graphics. An ongoing research problem is how to best represent and capture cloth models, specifically when considering computer aided design of cloth. Previous methods produce highly realistic images, however, they are either difficult to edit or require the measurement of large databases to capture all variations of a cloth sample. We propose a pipeline to reverse engineer cloth and estimate a parametrized cloth model from a single image. We introduce a geometric yarn model, integrating state-of-the-art textile research. We present an automatic analysis approach to estimate yarn paths, yarn widths, their variation and a weave pattern. Several examples demonstrate that we are able to model the appearance of the original cloth sample. Properties derived from the input image give a physically plausible basis that is fully editable using a few intuitive parameters.
Asymptotic Analysis of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing under Noise Uncertainty (2016)

In Cognitive Radio (CR), secondary radios are allowed to use the spectrum allocated to primary radios (PR) only if the spectrum is sensed to be unused by the PR users. Cooperative spectrum sensing is a sensing methodology in which secondary users send their detection results to a central fusion node for global decision. It has been shown that for single node detection, SNR wall provides a hard threshold on the sensed SNR for robust signal detection. In this paper, asymptotic performance of cooperative spectrum sensing with Hard Decision Combining (HDC) will be studied under noise uncertainty. It is first shown that under noise uncertainty, SNR wall is yet a substantial constraint on the performance of the cooperative spectrum sensing when applying HDC. We then show that k-out-of-n fusion rule with finite k (e.g., “OR” rule) does not result in robust detection of the PR signal, even for SNR values greater than SNR wall. Finally, it is shown that for SNR values greater than the SNR wall, the PR signal can be robustly detected by the k-out-of-n fusion rule with finite n - k (e.g., “AND” rule).
Across field and across wafer flare: from KrF stepper to ArF scanner (2000)

Flare is known to be responsible for a contrast lost and a process latitude reduction. Another undesirable effect is the flare variation, which induces linewidth variation. For a stepper, this is mainly an intrafield effect. In the same way, the main contribution of flare variation comes also from the across field flare variation (AFFV). In comparison the contribution to across wafer flare variation is weak. Using a scanner, AFFV and flare mean for an isolated field has been reduced by a factor of two. Unfortunately, stray light variation across the wafer has increased, but AWFV and flare mean with adjacent field has not dropped significantly. In this paper, the averaged flare, AFFV and AWFV will be compared on a 248 nm stepper ASM/300, a scanner ASM/500 and 193 nm scanner ASM/900. Different parameters such as field size, bottom anti reflective coating, adjacent field and exposure at the edge of the wafer will be analyzed on mean flare value, AFFV and AWFV. An averaged flare for isolate field and AFFV improvement has been observed for the scanner. However, flare impact needs to be carefully considered because AWFV and flare mean with adjacent field is still not negligible. Flare value seems also to drop significantly with the wavelength change, but more experiments need to be done on this non mature technology.
Applications of micro- and nanofibers, and micro- and nanoparticles: healthcare, nutrition, drug delivery and personal care (2014)

Nanotechnology has profound applications in healthcare and has improved healthcare research to a large extent. The therapeutic benefits of nanotechnology in the field of medicine have resulted in new areas, such as nanomedicine, nanobiotechnology, etc. Researchers in the field are attempting to find an effective nanoformulation to deliver growth factors, supplements or drugs safely and in a sustained manner at the required site. Their task is to attempt a different drug nanoformulation of existing blockbuster drugs that brings improved efficacy and a therapeutic breakthrough. Thus the ultimate objective of these nanotechnological drug-delivery systems is to fine tune the normal profile of potent drug molecules in the body following their administration to significantly improve their efficacy and also minimize potential intrinsic severe adverse effects. For treatment of breast cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer, Abraxane® (paclitaxel) is employed as a nanoparticular formulation, which increases drug delivery up to 70% in comparison with solvent-based paclitaxel delivery. In this novel nanoformulation, Abraxis Bio Sciences have used Bristol-Meyers Squibb’s blockbuster drug paclitaxel (Taxol) and a very common globular protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). There are numerous nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems such as nanocrystals, nanoemulsions, lipid or polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes and nanofibers. While nanoemulsions and liposomal formulations did not make significant advances, despite huge research spending, the polymeric nanoparticulate systems show more promise. Nanoparticles of a polymeric nature find application as drug-delivery systems and are advantageous due to their scalability, cost, controlled and targeted delivery, compatibility, degradability, etc. Natural biopolymers are even better than the synthetic polymers in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Nanoparticulate drug formulations alter the pharmokinetic profile of the therapeutic entity and program the release of the drug in sustained or controlled manner. Thus, nanoparticle or nanoformulated drugs outperform conventional systemic delivery in terms of delivery of an encapsulated drug and its sustained release. Slowly and surely nanoformulated drugs are coming onto the market, surpassing systemic delivery, which is believed to be the only mode of administration for a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Nanofibrous drug-delivery systems are being developed as potential scaffolds in tissue regeneration, wound healing and cancer drug-delivery applications. In this chapter we are going to discuss two promising nanotechnology-based drug-delivery tools, namely electrospun micro- and nanofibers and electrosprayed micro- and nanoparticles, which have a common synthetic procedure mediated by an electrical potential difference.
A preclinical PET/MR insert for a human 3T MR scanner (2009)

We describe the design of a prototype preclinical PET/MR system capable of scanning small animals up to the size of a rabbit. The scanner uses highly sensitive and fast LSO/silicon-photomultiplier arrays as detector elements, direct digitization with a dedicated ASIC and integrated digital singles processing. Special measures are taken to improve the MR-compatibility of this design. Measurements of a prototype detector were performed inside 1.5 T and 3 T MRI-systems. Even under high gradient-slew-rates and RF-pulses disturbance energy- and coincidence timing-resolution of ~18% and 530 ps (FWHM) respectively have been measured. The presented work is part of the EU FP7 project HYPERImage, Grant Agreement N° 201651,.
Nicotine exposure and bronchial epithelial cell nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in the pathogenesis of lung cancer (2003)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR); acetylcholine (Ach); NNitrosonornicotine (NNN); 4(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1butanone (NNK); normal human bronchial epithelial cell (NHBE); small airway epithelial cell (SAEC); protein kinase B (PKB); B cell lymphoma 2 (BLC2); trans-retinoic acid (RA); retinoic acid receptor (RAR); Janus kinase 2 (JAK2); mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK); retinoid X
Benefit of ageing of margins in WDM elastic networks when accounting for regeneration (2019)

This work quantifies the ratio of transponders saved throughout the 10-year lives of 2 WDM networks by considering gradual ageing of systems margins versus their end-of-life values, and actual routing of channels with regeneration.
Discovery of Molecular Glues to Induce Selective Protein Degradation, Leading to Development of New Modalities with Targeted Protein Knockdown Function (2020)

The molecular glue that connects two different proteins is a unique but not an entirely new chemical entity. One of the notable research achievements with this molecular class is sequential identification of molecular mechanisms of two immunosuppressive natural products FK506 and rapamycin. FK506 binds to FKBP12 to interact with and inhibit the protein phosphatase calcineurin. Likewise, rapamycin binds to FKBP12 to interact with and inhibit the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase mTOR. Importantly, the molecular glue story has recently been extended to synthetic small molecule space as well. Clinically important myeloma drug lenalidomide and other immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) were found to hijack the cullin 4 (CUL4)-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase system by binding to the one of DDB1- and CUL4-associated proteins (DCAFs), cereblon (CRBN), to redirect the substrate selectivity of CRBN. In consequence of the small molecule mediated neo-substrate recruitment, IMiDs induce the proteasomal degradation of the transcription factors IKZF1, IKZF3 and casein kinase 1α in a selective manner. We also reported that a series of anticancer sulfonamides such as E7070 (indisulam) and E7820 induce the protein-protein interaction between another DCAF protein DCAF15 and the slicing factor CAPERα (also known asRBM39), resulting in the selective proteaosomal degradation of CAPERα as a neo-substrate for the E3 ubiquitin ligase. All these findings may indicate a significant opportunity to gain a new insight into molecular glues in drug discovery, leading to further development of new modalities of bi-functional selective protein degraders with target protein knockdown function, represented by PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimera), Degronimide, and SNIPER (Specific and Nongenetic IAP-dependent Protein Eraser).
ViterbiNet: A Deep Learning Based Viterbi Algorithm for Symbol Detection (2020)

Symbol detection plays an important role in the implementation of digital receivers. In this work, we propose ViterbiNet, which is a data-driven symbol detector that does not require channel state information (CSI). ViterbiNet is obtained by integrating deep neural networks (DNNs) into the Viterbi algorithm. We identify the specific parts of the Viterbi algorithm that depend on the channel model, and design a DNN to implement only those computations, leaving the rest of the algorithm structure intact. We then propose a meta-learning based approach to train ViterbiNet online based on recent decisions, allowing the receiver to track dynamic channel conditions without requiring new training samples for every coherence block. Our numerical evaluations demonstrate that the performance of ViterbiNet, which is ignorant of the CSI, approaches that of the CSI-based Viterbi algorithm, and is capable of tracking time-varying channels without needing instantaneous CSI or additional training data. Moreover, unlike conventional Viterbi detection, ViterbiNet is robust to CSI uncertainty, and it can be reliably implemented in complex channel models with constrained computational burden. More broadly, our results demonstrate the conceptual benefit of designing communication systems that integrate DNNs into established algorithms.
Fly Ash Carbon Anodes for Alkali Metal-Ion Batteries (2021)

Graphite has become a critical material because of its essential role in the lithium-ion battery (LIB) industry. However, the synthesis of graphite requires an energy-intensive thermal treatment. Also, when used in sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries (SIBs and PIBs), the graphite anode shows poor capacities and cycling stability, which hinders the development of next-generation battery technologies. Finding suitable anode materials for commercial alkali metal-ion batteries is not only urgent for the energy storage industry, but is also important for economic and sustainable development. In this work, we use fly ash carbon (FAC), a residue of crude oil combustion, as an anode material for alkali metal-ion batteries. The FAC anodes show relatively high capacities and excellent cycling stability. The charge storage mechanism of FAC anode is shown to be intercalation coupled with redox reactions of oxygen functional groups. This work shows that FAC is a promising scalable anode material for alkali metal-ion batteries.
Characteristics of the Ventricular Insertion Sites of Accessory Pathways With Anterograde Decremental Conduction Properties (1995)

Different types of APs account for tachycardias previously called Mahaim fibers. Long and short atrioventricular APs are observed in 81% and 19%, respectively. Long APs often have a distal arborization and may have either a fascicular or ventricular insertion. Radiofrequency current is more efficient when applied to the AP bundle or AP proximal insertion rather than to the distal insertion in patients with long APs.
The Effect of Intake Valve Deactivation on Lean Stratified Charge Combustion at an Idling Condition of a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) Engine (2011)

A combined experimental and analytical study was carried out to understand the improvement in combustion performance of a 4-valve SIDI wall-guided engine operating at lean, stratified idle with enhanced in-cylinder charge motion by deactivating one of the two intake valves. A fully warmed-up engine was operated at low speed, light load by injecting the fuel from a pressure-swirl injector during the compression stroke to produce a stratified fuel cloud surrounding the spark plug at the time of ignition. Steady state flow-bench measurements and CFD calculations showed that valve deactivation primarily increased the in-cylinder swirl intensity as compared with opening both intake valves. Engine dynamometer measurements showed an increase in charge motion led to improved combustion stability, increased combustion efficiency, lower fuel consumption, and higher dilution tolerance. A CFD study was conducted using in-house models of spray and combustion to simulate the engine operating with and without valve deactivation. The computations demonstrated that the improved combustion was primarily driven by higher laminar flame speeds through enhanced mixing of internal residual gases, better containment of the fuel cloud within the piston bowl, and higher post-flame diffusion burn rates during the initial, main, and late stages of the combustion process, respectively.
The La antigen associates with the human telomerase ribonucleoprotein and influences telomere length in vivo (2001)

La is an important component of ribonucleoprotein complexes and telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that compensates for the shortening of the ends of linear DNA by adding telomeric repeats onto the ends of chromosomes by using an integral RNA as the template. We have identified a direct and specific interaction between La and the RNA component of human telomerase. Antibodies specific to La precipitate the human telomerase ribonucleoprotein complex derived from tumor cells, telomerase immortalized normal cells, and in vitro transformed cells. Overexpression of La in both experimentally immortalized human cells and prostate cancer cells results in gradual telomere shortening. Our results demonstrate that La can associate with telomerase and its expression level can influence telomere homeostasis in vivo.
EVPN-VPWS Service Edge Gateway (2017)

This document describes how a service node can dynamically terminate
EVPN virtual private wire transport service (VPWS) from access nodes
and offer Layer 2, Layer 3 and Ethernet VPN overlay services to
Customer edge devices connected to the access nodes. Service nodes
using EVPN will advertise to access nodes the L2, L3 and Ethernet VPN
overlay services it can offer for the terminated EVPN VPWS transport
service. On an access node an operator can specify the L2 or L3 or
Ethernet VPN overlay service needed by the customer edge device
connected to the access node that will be transported over the EVPN-
VPWS service between access node and service node.
Maintenance Alemtuzumab in Refractory B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: Updated Data. (2005)

Abstract Alemtuzumab has an impressive clinical activity in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The standard regimen (30 mg three times weekly for 12 weeks) results in high rate of early responses but frequent early progression. To prolong TTP, we realized a phase II study with an identical initial scheme: 3, 10, 30 mg of Campath-1H on sequential days, followed by 30 mg three times weekly until partial response, and maintenance therapy with 30 mg every one or 2 weeks, then, 30 mg monthly until progression or toxicity. Between January 2001 and August 2005, 16 B-CLL patients have been treated with this regimen and were retrospectively analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Eighty-one percent (13/16) of the patients had received 3 or more prior chemotherapy regimens. Response was evaluated at 12 weeks (W12) after the beginning of the treatment by the CLL WG criteria. Survivals were defined from the first day of alemtuzumab. With a median follow-up for alive patients at 26 months, median duration of treatment was 8.5 months (range: 1.5–23.5) corresponding to a median number of 18 injections of alemtuzumab (range 6–36) realized. Nine (56%) patients received more than 6 months of monthly injections. Among them, 3 patients received one injection every 2 or 3 months after these 6 months. Two patients progressed in blood during maintenance. Modulation of the doses was then proposed with more frequent injections during a time period allowing to re-obtain a CR. Maintenance was stopped because of nodal progression in 6 patients, opportunistic infections in 2 patients (1HSV and 1 pulmonary infection), persistent CR in 3 patients, and persistant neutropenia in 1 patient. Objective response at W12 was reached in 13 (81%) of the patients, including 5 (31%) CR and 8 (50%) PR. One patient had a stable disease (disappearance of blood infiltration but stability of lymph nodes involvement) and 2 a progressive disease. Median duration of response was 11.7 months (range: 5–30). Median of TTP and overall survival were 12 months and 38 months, respectively. In this series, patients did not experience more hematological toxicities or opportunistic infections than reported with the standard regimen. Of the 13 patients that progressed at the time of analysis, 7 were re-treated by alemtuzumab (n=4) or alemtuzumab + chemotherapy (n=3). Objective responses were obtained in 6 patients during a median time at 8.7 months. In conclusion, maintenance alemtuzumab with modulation of dose intensity allowed improving time to progression and survival, without adding hematological toxicities and infectious complications. Figure Figure
A Model for Gas Coning and Rate-Dependent Gas/Oil Ratio in an Oil-Rim Reservoir (2006)

Abstract In oil rim fields a thin oil layer lies between an aquifer and a gas cap. Oil may be produced from such fields using horizontal wells. Production will lower the local gas/oil contact near the well in a process called gas coning (or more accurately, cresting). After gas breakthrough, the gas/oil ratio (GOR) from the well may vary strongly with the production rate. The ability to predict this dependency is essential for production optimisation for such fields. We have developed a mathematical model that can predict gas coning behaviour and the resulting rate dependent GOR with a surprisingly high degree of accuracy over periods of several months or more. We combine a dynamic model that describes the essential reservoir behaviour with a highly simplified description of the interaction between the well and the surrounding reservoir. The full model has three adjustable parameters that allow us to fit the behaviour to individual wells, using historical oil and gas production rates. The model forms the basis of the GORM (Gas/Oil Ratio Model) computer program that since early 2003 is in regular use for production planning and optimisation at the Troll field. We have also tested the model on wells in other fields, with encouraging results.