gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Results on an Integrated GPS and Multisensor System for Land Vehicle Positioning (2009)

Global position system (GPS) is being widely used in land vehicles to provide positioning information. However, in urban canyons, rural tree canopies, and tunnels, the GPS satellite signal is usually blocked and there is an interruption in the positioning information. To obtain positioning solution during GPS outages, GPS can be augmented with an inertial navigation system (INS). However, the utilization of full inertial measurement unit (IMU) in land vehicles could be quite expensive despite the use of the microelectromechanical system (MEMS)‐based sensors. Contemporary research is focused on reducing the number of inertial sensors inside an IMU. This paper explores a multisensor system (MSS) involving single‐axis gyroscope and an odometer to provide full 2D positioning solution in denied GPS environments. Furthermore, a Kalman filter (KF) model is utilized to predict and compensate the position errors of the proposed MSS. The performance of the proposed method is examined by conducting several road tests trajectories using both MEMS and tactical grade inertial sensors. It was found that by using proposed MSS algorithm, the positional inaccuracies caused by GPS signal blockages are adequately compensated and resulting positional information can be used to steer the land vehicles during GPS outages with relatively small position errors.
Outdoor Wireless Power Transmission Technology Using Microwaves (2021)

電気が実用化されてから100 年以上の間，電力を送電する方式として「有線」での方式が続けられ，その技術は洗練されてきた．数百km 離れた場所にあるダムからも，効率良く，安定した電力が安全に私たちの手元に届けられている．一方，「線」があることは何かと煩わしく，スマートフォンやパソコン等を多用する近年は，コンセントの周りはたこ足配線になりがちである．ましてや，屋外で電気を使おうとした場合はより大変である．バッテリーを用意しても，長時間の利用を続けることは難しく，また，屋外の有線での電源供給は手間が掛かる．このような「有線」による電力供給のデメリットから，線のない「ワイヤレス」での送電への期待が高まってきている．本稿では，各種あるワイヤレス電力伝送の技術の中から，屋外で利用することを想定した，マイクロ波を用いたワイヤレス電力伝送の技術を紹介する．ワイヤレス電力伝送の原理や課題を説明し，筆者らが実施してきた実証実験等の紹介を行い，屋外でのドローン等の移動型ロボットや緊急時の給電システム，センサへの給電などの利用シーンの検討例を示している．電気の新しい利用方法の検討の一助となることを願う．
Correction: Emergency Department Visits and Inpatient Admissions Associated with Priapism among Males with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States, 2006–2010 (2016)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153257.].
Structure-Guided Design and Development of Potent and Selective Dual Bromodomain 4 (BRD4)/Polo-like Kinase 1 (PLK1) Inhibitors (2018)

The simultaneous inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and BRD4 bromodomain by a single molecule could lead to the development of an effective therapeutic strategy for a variety of diseases in which PLK1 and BRD4 are implicated. Compound 23 has been found to be a potent dual kinase-bromodomain inhibitor (BRD4-BD1 IC<sub>50</sub> = 28 nM, PLK1 IC<sub>50</sub> = 40 nM). Compound 6 was found to be the most selective PLK1 inhibitor over BRD4 in our series (BRD4-BD1 IC<sub>50</sub> = 2579 nM, PLK1 IC<sub>50</sub> = 9.9 nM). Molecular docking studies with 23 and BRD4-BD1/PLK1 as well as with 6 corroborate the biochemical assay results.
A Simple Synthesis of Sugar Nucleoside Diphosphates by Chemical Coupling in Water (2012)

Leicht gemacht: Das neue Reagens „ImIm“, das in situ in Wasser gebildet wird, aktiviert Nucleosid-5′-phosphate zu Imidazoliden, die anschließend mit Zucker-1-phosphaten gekuppelt werden können. Diese einfache Methode führt zu einer Rohproduktmischung, die sich direkt als Donorquelle für Glycosyltransferase-vermittelte Oligosaccharidsynthesen eignet. Im Schema steht B für die Nucleobasen U, A oder G.
Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity is reduced in type-2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes but not in obesity (1987)

Upon binding of insulin to its receptor, a tyrosine specific kinase within the receptor protein is activated. It has been proposed that this activation of the insulin receptor kinase might represent the initial step in a process that couples insulin binding to some, or all, of the biologic effects of insulin [1,2]. In the present study we investigated whether alterations in the activity of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase might play a role in the reduced insulin action found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes or obesity [3].
Fast Visual Feature Selection and Tracking in a Hybrid Reconfigurable Architecture (2004)

We present a fast visual feature tracking system which takes advantage of dedicated hardware to perform the computationally intensive step of selection. A software system uses the output of the hardware selector to develop tracks using filtering and data association techniques, and image-based validation. By using separate, custom hardware to select hundreds of points per frame then associating these points to tracks in software, we achieve greater than 60Hz real-time tracking.
Understanding the Evolution of Luminescent Gold Quantum Clusters in Protein Templates (2011)

We show that the time-dependent biomineralization of Au(3+) by native lactoferrin (NLf) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) resulting in near-infrared (NIR) luminescent gold quantum clusters (QCs) occurs through a protein-bound Au(1+) intermediate and subsequent emergence of free protein. The evolution was probed by diverse tools, principally, using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The importance of alkaline pH in the formation of clusters was probed. At neutral pH, a Au(1+)-protein complex was formed (starting from Au(3+)) with the binding of 13-14 gold atoms per protein. When the pH was increased above 12, these bound gold ions were further reduced to Au(0) and nucleation and growth of cluster commenced, which was corroborated by the beginning of emission; at this point, the number of gold atoms per protein was ~25, suggesting the formation of Au(25). During the cluster evolution, at certain time intervals, for specific molar ratios of gold and protein, occurrence of free protein was noticed in the mass spectra, suggesting a mixture of products and gold ion redistribution. By providing gold ions at specific time of the reaction, monodispersed clusters with enhanced luminescence could be obtained, and the available quantity of free protein could be utilized efficiently. Monodispersed clusters would be useful in obtaining single crystals of protein-protected noble metal quantum clusters where homogeneity of the system is of primary concern.
Synergistic effects of the sesquiterpene lactone, EPD, with cisplatin and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells (2015)

Our results showed a synergistic effect of EPD and cisplatin in an ovarian drug resistant cell line as well as a synergistic effect of EPD and paclitaxel in two other ovarian cell lines. These results might enhance clinical efficacy, compared to the existing regimen of paclitaxel and cisplatin.
A Comparative Analysis on the Impact of Bank Contention in STT-MRAM and SRAM Based LLCs (2019)

Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM) is being extensively considered as a promising replacement for Last Level Caches (LLC), due to its high density, low leakage and non-volatility. However, writes to STT-MRAM are energy intensive and have a high latency. While the high dynamic energy consumption during writes can be compensated by the low static energy consumption, the high latency results in performance degradation. This work shows that in contrast to SRAM-based LLCs, the performance degradation for STT-MRAM is primarily due to bank contention, when trying to satisfy a read request while the bank is being written. We holistically explore the effects of cache banking and cache contention on energy and performance in the LLC of mobile multicore systems, with in-order cores or with out-of-order cores. The detail of the analysis is enabled by highly accurate cache models, based on a 28nm SRAM industry compiler, and an in-house developed STT-MRAM compiler, which generates full STT-MRAM macro designs with silicon-validated MTJ stack and complete parasitic extraction at the 28nm node. Our results show that there is a clear difference in the energy-performance optimal banking configuration between STT-MRAM caches and SRAM caches. These low contention STT-MRAM cache designs with the optimal number of banks save at least 60% cache energy while losing at most single digit percentages in system performance compared to SRAM cache designs. This show an increased potential of using STT-MRAM as a replacement for SRAM in an LLC.
Antibodies to heteromeric glycolipid complexes in multifocal motor neuropathy (2012)

The use of combinatorial glycoarray or ELISA increased the diagnostic sensitivity of anti-glycolipid antibody testing in this cohort of MMN cases, without significantly affecting specificity, and may be a useful assay modification for routine clinical screening.
1-13C-propionate breath testing as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy of liver-directed therapies in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) (2021)

This clinical study is registered in www.clinicaltrials.gov with the ID: NCT00078078. Study URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00078078.
<title>Wavelet coding suited for printer raster images</title> (1998)

This paper presents a wavelet-based technique for compression of printer raster images. The coder does not require buffering the whole image and partially takes into account visual losses due to the imaging process by (sigma) - filtering high-pass subbands. All wavelet coefficients are generated, filtered, quantized and entropy-coded sequentially, one block at a time. The coder is suitable for pipeline processing and, for typical images, it shows performance improvements against other schemes in the same class of complexity.
Understanding Nanoscale Temperature Gradients in Magnetic Nanocontacts (2012)

We have determined the temperature profile in magnetic nanocontacts under applied current densities typical of spin-torque oscillators (∼10(8) A/cm2). The study combines experimental measurements of the electrical and magnetic properties of the nanocontacts and full three-dimensional simulations of the heat and current flow in these systems. It is found that the quadratic current-induced increase of the resistance due to Joule heating is independent of the applied temperature from 6 to 300 K. In terms of magnetization dynamics, the measured current-induced vortex nucleation, a thermally activated process, is found to be consistent with local temperatures increases of between 147 and 225 K. Simulations reproduce the experimental findings and show that significant thermal gradients exist out to 450 nm from the nanocontact.
Astroglial FMRP-dependent translational down-regulation of mGluR5 underlies glutamate transporter GLT1 dysregulation in the fragile X mouse (2013)

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss-of-function of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). The loss of FMRP function in neurons abolishes its suppression on mGluR1/5-dependent dendritic protein translation, enhancing mGluR1/5-dependent synaptic plasticity and other disease phenotypes in FXS. In this study, we describe a new activation function of FMRP in regulating protein expression in astroglial cells. We found that astroglial glutamate transporter subtype glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) and glutamate uptake is significantly reduced in the cortex of fmr1(-/-) mice. Correspondingly, neuronal excitability is also enhanced in acute fmr1(-/-) (but not in fmr1(+/+) control) cortical slices treated with low doses (10 μm) of the GLT1-specific inhibitor dihydrokainate (DHK). Using mismatched astrocyte and neuron co-cultures, we demonstrate that the loss of astroglial (but not neuronal) FMRP particularly reduces neuron-dependent GLT1 expression and glutamate uptake in co-cultures. Interestingly, protein (but not mRNA) expression and the (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine-dependent Ca(2+) responses of astroglial mGluR5 receptor are also selectively reduced in fmr1(-/-) astrocytes and brain slices, attenuating neuron-dependent GLT1 expression. Subsequent FMRP immunoprecipitation and QRT-PCR analysis showed that astroglial mGluR5 (but not GLT1) mRNA is associated with FMRP. In summary, our results provide evidence that FMRP positively regulates translational expression of mGluR5 in astroglial cells, and FMRP-dependent down-regulation of mGluR5 underlies GLT1 dysregulation in fmr1(-/-) astrocytes. The dysregulation of GLT1 and reduced glutamate uptake may potentially contribute to enhanced neuronal excitability observed in the mouse model of FXS.
Demonstration of open-quantum-system optimal control in dynamic nuclear polarization (2015)

Optimal control theory is applied in the modern open-quantum-system framework to design systematically a sequence of microwave pulses that optimize the dynamic nuclear polarization, gaining an order-of-magnitude improvement in enhancing the nuclear polarization and consequently increasing the signal-to-noise ratio dramatically in the widely used technique of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for detecting and/or imaging microstructures and biotissue.
A fiber coupled source of identical single photons (2017)

High quality sources of single and identical (indistinguishable) photons are essential for photonic quantum information processing including boson sampling, cluster-state quantum computing, and optical quantum repeaters. To enable the use of several single photon sources in parallel and to allow the implementation of complex photonic networks, it is essential that the single photon source can be integrated easily and efficiently with optical fiber technology. Here we show a first all-solid-state InGaAs quantum dot based, integrated cavity-QED enhanced, single photon source. The source is operated by resonant optical pumping through an excitation fiber, and the single photons are collected in the fiber attached to the transmission channel of the cavity.
Effect of Al2O3 Deposition on Performance of Top-Gated Monolayer MoS2-Based Field Effect Transistor (2016)

Deposition of high-k dielectrics on two-dimensional MoS<sub>2</sub> is an important process for successful application of the transition-metal dichalcogenides in electronic devices. Here, we show the effect of H<sub>2</sub>O reactant exposure on monolayer (1L) MoS<sub>2</sub> during atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The results showed that the ALD-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> caused degradation of the performance of 1L MoS<sub>2</sub> field effect transistors (FETs) owing to the formation of Mo-O bonding and trapping of H<sub>2</sub>O molecules at the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> interface. Furthermore, we demonstrated that reduced duration of exposure to H<sub>2</sub>O reactant and postdeposition annealing were essential to the enhancement of the performance of top-gated 1L MoS<sub>2</sub> FETs. The mobility and on/off current ratios were increased by factors of approximately 40 and 10<sup>3</sup>, respectively, with reduced duration of exposure to H<sub>2</sub>O reactant and with postdeposition annealing.
Ly6Clo monocytes drive immunosuppression and confer resistance to anti-VEGFR2 cancer therapy (2017)

Current anti-VEGF therapies for colorectal cancer (CRC) provide limited survival benefit, as tumors rapidly develop resistance to these agents. Here, we have uncovered an immunosuppressive role for nonclassical Ly6Clo monocytes that mediates resistance to anti-VEGFR2 treatment. We found that the chemokine CX3CL1 was upregulated in both human and murine tumors following VEGF signaling blockade, resulting in recruitment of CX3CR1+Ly6Clo monocytes into the tumor. We also found that treatment with VEGFA reduced expression of CX3CL1 in endothelial cells in vitro. Intravital microscopy revealed that CX3CR1 is critical for Ly6Clo monocyte transmigration across the endothelium in murine CRC tumors. Moreover, Ly6Clo monocytes recruit Ly6G+ neutrophils via CXCL5 and produce IL-10, which inhibits adaptive immunity. Preventing Ly6Clo monocyte or Ly6G+ neutrophil infiltration into tumors enhanced inhibition of tumor growth with anti-VEGFR2 therapy. Furthermore, a gene therapy using a nanoparticle formulated with an siRNA against CX3CL1 reduced Ly6Clo monocyte recruitment and improved outcome of anti-VEGFR2 therapy in mouse CRCs. Our study unveils an immunosuppressive function of Ly6Clo monocytes that, to our knowledge, has yet to be reported in any context. We also reveal molecular mechanisms underlying antiangiogenic treatment resistance, suggesting potential immunomodulatory strategies to enhance the long-term clinical outcome of anti-VEGF therapies.
Annular flow of R-134a through a high aspect ratio duct: Local void fraction, droplet velocity and droplet size measurements (1998)

Local measurements were made in annular flow of R-134a through a vertical duct. Using a gamma densitometer, hot-film anemometer and laser Doppler velocimeter, profiles of void fraction, liquid droplet frequency and droplet velocity were acquired across the narrow test section dimension. Based upon these results, data for liquid droplet size were obtained and compared to previous experimental results from the literature. These data are useful for developing an improved understanding of practical two-phase refrigerant flows, and for assessment of advanced two-fluid computer codes.
Effect of dasatinib, a SRC kinase inhibitor, on lung cancer cells with defined epidermal growth factor receptor status (2006)

3019 Background: Mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) predict sensitivity to small molecule inhibitors of EGFR such as gefitinib and erlotinib. Importantly, mutant EGFR selectively activates Akt and STAT pathways that are important in NSCLC cell survival. SRC-family kinases can cooperate with receptor tyrosine kinases to signal through downstream molecules such as PI3K/PTEN/Akt and STATs. Despite the importance of EGFR signaling in lung cancer, the known cooperation between EGFR and SRC proteins, and evidence of elevated SRC activity in human lung cancers, the effect of SRC inhibition on cell fate is unknown. Methods: We evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of a novel orally bioavailable SRC-ABL inhibitor dasatinib (BMS-354825) in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines with defined EGFR status including wildtype EGFR and mutant EGFR sensitive to gefitinib. Western blotting was used to evaluate the effect of dasatinib on downstream signaling pathways and in vitro assays were used to evaluate the effect cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell invasion. Results: Our results show that cell fate (death versus growth arrest) in lung cancer cells exposed to a SRC inhibitor is dependent on EGFR status. Dasatinib reduces mutant EGFR lung cancer cell viability through the induction of apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest while having no significant apoptotic effect on cell lines with wildtype EGFR. The induction of apoptosis in EGFR mutant cell lines corresponds to downregulation of phosphorylated Akt and Stat3 survival proteins. In cell lines without EGFR mutation, dasatinib induces a G1 cell cycle arrest with associated changes in cyclin D and p27 proteins as well as inhibits activated FAK and prevents tumor cell invasion. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that novel SRC inhibitors could be effective therapy for patients with lung cancers through disruption of cell growth, survival and tumor invasion. Our results suggest EGFR status is critical in deciding cell fate in response to SRC inhibition. [Table: see text]
VARC – A Cost-Effective Ultrafast DC Circuit Breaker Concept (2018)

A concept for a dc circuit-breaker is proposed. A vacuum interrupter is used together with a resonant circuit excited by a power electronic converter to create a zero-crossing in the interrupter current. A low amount of semiconductor devices is needed because they perform repeated switching operations during current excitation. Tests have been performed with a prototype interrupting 10 kA against 9 kV in 3 ms.
<title>Ultrahigh-density optical recording using a scanning near-field optical microscope</title> (1998)

Near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) system with a bent or a straight optical fiber probe has been successfully developed to perform optical recording on the surface of cyanine (C<SUB>35</SUB>H<SUB>35</SUB>CIN<SUB>2</SUB>-O<SUB>4</SUB>) dye layer or Ge<SUB>21</SUB>Te<SUB>26</SUB>Sb<SUB>53</SUB> phase change (PC) thin film. Optical writing bits &lt; 40 nm on the cyanine dye layer of a commercial compact disk-recordable were shown by atomic force microscope images of our tapping mode NSOM. For an vertical reflection mode NSOM, both optical writing and reading can be achieved on Ge<SUB>21</SUB>Te<SUB>26</SUB>Sb<SUB>53</SUB> PC thin film, and the diameter of 500 nm recording bits are shown.
Indoor Granular Presence Sensing and Control Messaging With an Ultrasonic Circular Array Sensor (2015)

Providing automated granular control of lighting, along with user-driven control, results in an energy-efficient smart lighting system design while catering to personal occupant preferences. Two functional ingredients in such a system are: sensing that provides granular information on occupant location and a communication system to transmit control messages from a user. In this paper, we consider an ultrasonic circular array sensor that provides the dual functionality of granular occupant sensing and a communication receiver for user control transmissions. A ceiling-mounted sensor configuration with a colocated ultrasonic transmitter and array receiver is considered. To perform presence sensing, this transmitter sends periodic bursts of sinusoidal pulses that, upon reflection from the environment, are received at the array sensor. The echoes are processed to obtain estimates of range, azimuth, and elevation angles corresponding to possible occupant movements. A Kalman filter based on a near constant velocity model is used for target tracking. The resulting occupant location is used for energy-efficient lighting control. A user may in addition control lamps in its vicinity by sending messages at ultrasonic frequency, which are processed by the receiver array, and used to further adapt requested parameters of the lighting system. The proposed sensing and messaging solution is tested in an indoor office space with an eight-element receiver array sensor prototype.
Experimental evaluation of active noise control in a thin cylindrical shell (1987)

The effect of frequency on the performance of an active control system is examined. The effects are related to the mechanisms of the structural-acoustic coupling and the nature of the control field acoustics. The cylinder used in the experiment consists of a thin aluminum shell terminated with two end plates in a cylindrical configuration. The experiment was conducted at 324, 450, and 475 Hz, corresponding to shell nondimensional frequencies of Omega = 0.15, 0.21, and 0.22. It is found that the nature of the primary field is determined by the coupling between the shell and the acoustic space as well as the frequency of excitation.