gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of antibody Fc carbohydrate fucosylation on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by HuMax-EGFr —A fully human epidermal growth factor receptor antibody (2006)

2543 Background: HuMax-EGFr - a human IgG1 EGF-R antibody in phase II clinical trials - was demonstrated to block EGF binding, to interfere with cellular signaling and to efficiently recruit effector cells for ADCC. Triggering of ADCC requires antibody binding to cellular Fc receptors which can be modulated by antibody glycosylation. Here, we investigated whether the glycosylation profile of HuMax-EGFr altered effector functions, and compared the contribution of mononuclear (MNC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells for ADCC in human blood. Methods: Varying concentrations of two HuMax-EGFr batches, differing in the level of fucosylation of the complex-type oligosaccharides present in the Fc fragment, were compared in their capacity to kill EGF-R expressing tumor cells. Antibody binding and inhibition of proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry and measuring vital cell mass, respectively. ADCC by isolated PMN, MNC and human whole blood was analyzed by chromium release assays. Results: Both batches of HuMax-EGFr bound similarly to target cells, and inhibited their proliferation to a similar extent. Low-fucosylated HuMax-EGFr demonstrated higher affinity for recombinant FcγRIIIa than fully fucosylated antibody. As expected, low-fucosylated antibody was significantly better in mediating ADCC by MNC (EC50 obtained at 10-fold lower antibody concentrations, p&lt;0.05). In contrast, PMN-mediated ADCC was unaffected by the antibody fucosylation level. Importantly, whole blood ADCC assays also revealed little differences between both batches. ADCC was significantly enhanced by blood from G-CSF-primed patients, but again both high- and low-fucosylated antibody performed similarly. Conclusions: Both HuMax-EGFr batches were equally potent in inhibiting cell proliferation, and were highly active in triggering ADCC by MNC and PMN. Differences in fucosylation of Fc carbohydrate affected MNC-mediated lysis, whereas PMN- and whole blood-mediated cell killing were only minimally affected. Thus, fucosylation of antibody Fc may only prove critical for therapeutic antibodies which predominantly recruit NK cells for ADCC, while it may be less relevant for PMN-recruiting antibodies. [Table: see text]
Characterisation of precipitation microstructures in aluminium alloys 7040 and 7050 and their relationship to mechanical behaviour (2004)

Abstract This paper investigates the precipitation microstructures in aluminium alloys 7040 and 7050 (Al - Zn - Mg - Cu variants) as a function of quench rate and aging treatment, and the associated compromise between yield strength and fracture toughness. The precipitate microstructures are quantitatively characterised by a combination of techniques covering the different scales involved: transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and fracture toughness is estimated using the Kahn tear test. Yield strength and strain hardening behaviour are determined by conventional tensile tests. It is shown that the composition modification from alloy 7040 to alloy 7050 results in a better compromise between yield strength and toughness. The strength decrease in alloy 7040 following a slow quench is much reduced compared to alloy 7050 because of a lower sensitivity to quench-induced precipitation on dispersoids. Both alloys...
Thin silicon nitride films to increase resolution in e-beam lithography (1993)

A physical method of reducing feature size and proximity effects in sub-quarter-micrometer e-beam lithography is described. A thin layer (50 to 300 nm) of silicon nitride deposited on a semiconductor substrate, prior to resist deposition, has been found to enhance the resist resolution. The samples were patterned with a 50-keV, 15-nm-diam probe generated by a JEOL JBX-5Dll e-beam lithography system. Point spread function measurements in 60-nm-thick SAL-601 on Si are shown to illustrate the resolution enhancement in the nanolithographic regime (sub-100 nm). The technique has been applied to lithography on 400-nm-thick W films, such as would be used in x-ray mask fabrication. The 200 nm of SAL-601 was spun onto W film samples, which were half-coated with 200 nm of silicon nitride. Identical lithographic patterns were written on each half of the sample. On examination of the samples after postexposure processing and development, reduced feature sizes and proximity effects were seen on the sample half with the silicon nitride intermediary layer. For example, in a field effect transistor (FET) type pattern, with a coded 500-nm gap between the source and drain pads, the gate could only be successfully resolved when the intermediary nitride layer was present. Monte Carlo simulations were performed on a CM-200 connection machine. The results show a large number of fast secondary electrons are generated within a 100-nm radius of the incident electron beam. The implications of fast secondary electrons on resolution in e-beam lithography are discussed. The total number of fast secondary electrons entering the resist is reduced by the silicon nitride layer. Simulations compare the thin-layer technique to a bilayer resist technique, used to improve resolution at larger dimensions.
Figure S4 from Arginine Depletion Therapy with ADI-PEG20 Limits Tumor Growth in Argininosuccinate Synthase–Deficient Ovarian Cancer, Including Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ASS1 in ovarian cancer cell lines. A, Re-expression of SMARCA4 does not affect the expression of ASS1. SCCOHT cells were infected with Lenti-GFP or Lenti-SMARCA4 for 24 hours followed by puromycin selection for 72 hours. Cells were then harvested for protein quantification using mass spectrometry. B, ASS1 immunohistochemistry on FFPE cell line pellets showing positivity in JHOC 7 and JHOC 9, and lack of expression in ES2, JHOC 5, and TOV112D. C, ASS1 immunohistochemistry on FFPE cell line pellets for CRISPR knock out (JHOC 7 ASS1 CRISPR A8) and over-expression (JHOC 5 ASS1 CMV) cell lines compared to their corresponding vector controls (JHOC 7 CRISPR NTC30 and JHOC5 vector control, respectively). D, qPCR showing differential ASS1 mRNA expression levels between ovarian cancer cell lines. Difference of relative mRNA expression between cell lines is determined by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test. * p&lt;0.05 when compared to JHOC 7; ## p &lt;0.001 when compared to JHOC 9. Error bars represent standard error of mean. E, ASS1 promoter methylation status, all samples were run on the same gel. F, Cell lines are sensitive to depletion of arginine and citrulline from growth media. Addition of citrulline rescued the growth of ASS1 expressing JHOC7, but not the ASS1 deficient JHOC 5 and COV434. -&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract #2799: Combination therapy with IMGN901 and lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone is highly effective in multiple myeloma xenograft models (2009)

The CD56-binding antibody-maytansinoid conjugate IMGN901 is currently being evaluated in patients with CD56-positive multiple myeloma (MM). In preclinical studies, IMGN901 was found to be highly active as a single agent against MM xenograft models. Lenalidomide, used in combination with dexamethasone, is approved for the treatment of MM in patients who had received at least one prior therapy. More recent studies demonstrated that lenalidomide in combination with low-dose dexamethasone was highly active in newly-diagnosed MM patients. The activity of IMGN901 used in combination with lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone (len/dex) was examined using human CD56-positive MM xenograft models. Immunodeficient mice bearing established subcutaneous human MM xenografts were treated with IMGN901 (150 µg/kg, days 1 and 8), len/dex (lenalidomide,100 mg/kg, days 1-5, 8-12; dexamethasone, 1.5 mg/kg, days 1 and 8) or the combination of these treatment regimens. Tumor volumes and body weights of mice in control and treatment groups were measured twice weekly. Satellite groups of tumor-bearing animals were treated in parallel, and at various time points during the treatment phase tumors were isolated for immunohistochemical analysis of markers of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis to investigate mechanisms of activity for the combination treatments. KI67 staining was performed to determine the tumor cell proliferative index. Cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL staining was performed to assess apoptosis, and percent area staining for CD31 endothelial cell marker was determined to evaluate the anti-angiogenic activity of the monotherapies versus the IMGN901/len/dex triple combination. The combination of IMGN901 and len/dex demonstrated greater-than-additive anti-tumor activity in subcutaneous MM tumor xenografts as compared to treatment with either agent alone. Our preclinical results provide strong rationale supporting the clinical evaluation of IMGN901 in combination with lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with CD56-positive multiple myeloma. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2799.
CT-Generated Porous Hydroxyapatite Orbital Floor Prosthesis as a Prototype Bioimplant (1999)

Literature Abstracts: Literature Abstracts-The American Journal of Neuroradiology, 1997: Clinicoanatomic and Pathologic Correlations: PDF Only
Control of free volume through size exclusion in the formation of smectic C phases for display applications (2015)

Ferroelectric liquid crystals are of interest in display devices because of their bistable operation and fast response times.
ChemInform Abstract: Extra‐Large‐Pore Zeolites: Bridging the Gap Between Micro and Mesoporous Structures (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Role of intestinal lymphatics in interstitial volume regulation and transmucosal water transport (2010)

Two of the principal functions of intestinal lymphatics are to assist in the maintenance of interstitial volume within relatively normal limits during alterations in capillary filtration (e.g., acute portal hypertension) and the removal of absorbed water and chylomicrons. The contribution of lymphatics to the prevention of interstitial overhydration or dehydration during alterations in transcapillary filtration is similar in the small intestine and colon. While the lymphatics of the small intestine contribute substantially to the removal of absorbed water (particularly at low and moderate absorption rates), the contribution of colonic lymphatics to the removal of the fluid absorbate is negligible. This difference is attributed to the relative caliber and location of lymphatics in the mucosal layer of the small and large intestines. In the small intestine, large lacteals lie in close proximity to transporting epithelium, while colonic lymph vessels are rather sparse and confined to the basal portion of the mucosa. In the small intestine, the lymphatics assume a more important role in removing absorbed water during lipid absorption than during glucose absorption.
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition: From NSAIDS to Selective COX‐2 Inhibitors (part 3) (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: COX-1 and COX-2 Inhibitors in Clinical Use Nabumetone Naproxen Niflumic Acid Nimesulide Oxaprozin Oxyphenbutazone Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Parecoxib sodium Phenidine (Phenacetin) Phenylbutazone Piroxicam Propacetamol Propyphenazone Rofecoxib Salicylamide Sulindac Tenoxicam Tiaprofenic Acid Tolmetin Valdecoxib
Traffic Control and Channel Assignment for Quality Differentiation in Dense Urban LoRaWANs (2022)

Service quality differentiation is gaining popularity in IoT networks, notably in LoRaWAN, with the rapid widespread of applications on connected devices. There is clearly a business demand for quality in IoT in the context of smart cities and network operators are urged by application designer to offer quality differentiation. However, those types of networks have been designed on the basis of a best effort service model. In particular, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) can dramatically decrease in dense scenarios. In this paper, we propose and evaluate traffic control and channel assignment solutions for PDR differentiation in dense deployments. Several performance criteria are defined in order to analyze the gain achieved by a network operator as well as end users. Numerical results show that both players can benefit from quality differentiation with ad-hoc pricing. This proves to be effective if penalizing low requirement devices, as they can create a bottleneck in the system. Namely, we show that in high density settings we can reach a 20% better PDR with one of the proposed policies, improving mean device servicing rate by 10% and the operator gain by 7.5%.
Ribonucleocapsid Formation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus through Molecular Action of the N-Terminal Domain of N Protein (2007)

Conserved among all coronaviruses are four structural proteins: the matrix (M), small envelope (E), and spike (S) proteins that are embedded in the viral membrane and the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), which exists in a ribonucleoprotein complex in the lumen. The N-terminal domain of coronaviral N proteins (N-NTD) provides a scaffold for RNA binding, while the C-terminal domain (N-CTD) mainly acts as oligomerization modules during assembly. The C terminus of the N protein anchors it to the viral membrane by associating with M protein. We characterized the structures of N-NTD from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in two crystal forms, at 1.17 A (monoclinic) and at 1.85 A (cubic), respectively, resolved by molecular replacement using the homologous avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) structure. Flexible loops in the solution structure of SARS-CoV N-NTD are now shown to be well ordered around the beta-sheet core. The functionally important positively charged beta-hairpin protrudes out of the core, is oriented similarly to that in the IBV N-NTD, and is involved in crystal packing in the monoclinic form. In the cubic form, the monomers form trimeric units that stack in a helical array. Comparison of crystal packing of SARS-CoV and IBV N-NTDs suggests a common mode of RNA recognition, but they probably associate differently in vivo during the formation of the ribonucleoprotein complex. Electrostatic potential distribution on the surface of homology models of related coronaviral N-NTDs suggests that they use different modes of both RNA recognition and oligomeric assembly, perhaps explaining why their nucleocapsids have different morphologies.
Synthese PCL2‐ und PF2‐verbrückter Zweikernkomplexe (1977)

Stabile Zweikernkomplexe mit der Teilstruktur MPCl 2 M ′ (M, M′  Cr, W) ließen sich jetzt erstmals synthetisieren. Mit AgBF 4 können sie in die entsprechenden Fluorderivate überführt werden. magnified image
Analysis of Some Problems Having Matched Asymptotic Expansion Solutions (1975)

Several examples are presented which illustrate some capabilities and some limitations of the method of matched asymptotic expansions for solving evolution equations. The results are listed according to spectral properties of the linear problem resulting near a known steady state of the system. When the linear problem is stable, it is shown that the solution can be written as a (finite) sum of terms, each responding on a different time scale. When the linear problem is unstable, it is shown that the method can be used to determine initial data which excite only decaying modes, and, in the case of bifurcation of new steady states, to construct the new states as well as the transients to them.
Dynamic control of liquid-core/liquid-cladding optical waveguides (2005)

Liquid-core/liquid-cladding waveguides are dynamic; their operation depends on a continuous, laminar flow of a core and cladding fluid. We demonstrate single-mode and multi-mode waveguiding, switching and tunable evanescent coupling between liquid cores.
Strain-Driven Mn-Reorganization in Overlithiated LixMn2O4 Epitaxial Thin-Film Electrodes (2018)

Lithium manganate LixMn2O4 (LMO) is a lithium ion cathode that suffers from the widely observed but poorly understood phenomenon of capacity loss due to Mn dissolution during electrochemical cycling. Here, operando X-ray reflectivity (low- and high-angle) is used to study the structure and morphology of epitaxial LMO (111) thin film cathodes undergoing lithium insertion and extraction to understand the inter-relationships between biaxial strain and Mn-dissolution. The initially strain-relieved LiMn2O4 films generate in-plane tensile and compressive strains for delithiated (x < 1) and overlithiated (x > 1) charge states, respectively. The results reveal reversible Li insertion into LMO with no measurable Mn-loss for 0 < x < 1, as expected. In contrast, deeper discharge (x > 1) reveals Mn loss from LMO along with dramatic changes in the intensity of the (111) Bragg peak that cannot be explained by Li stoichiometry. These results reveal a partially reversible site reorganization of Mn ions within the LMO film that is not seen in bulk reactions and indicates a transition in Mn-layer stoichiometry from 3:1 to 2:2 in alternating cation planes. Density functional theory calculations confirm that compressive strains (at x = 2) stabilize LMO structures with 2:2 Mn site distributions, therefore providing new insights into the role of lattice strain in the stability of LMO.
Single-bit closed-loop quasi-orthogonal space-time codes for MIMO systems (2009)

This paper proposes a closed-loop beamforming algorithm for MIMO systems employing quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes (QOSTCB) and low rate feedback channels over slowly fading channels. A recursion is formulated using a stochastic signed gradient approximation, where the receiver employs a single feedback bit to command the transmit antenna weights adaptation, at a frequency much lower than that of the data rate. The algorithm tracks the weight vector that optimizes a link performance measure, which takes into account both the self-interference properties of the space-time code and the channel conditions. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can effectively exploit the channel temporal correlation, and outperform existing single-bit feedback schemes in low mobility scenarios.
RAIDP (2020)

Distributed storage systems often triplicate data to reduce the risk of permanent data loss, thereby tolerating at least two simultaneous disk failures at the price of 2/3 of the capacity. To reduce this price, some systems utilize erasure coding. But this optimization is usually only applied to cold data, because erasure coding might hinder performance for warm data.
Model for Assessment of Cracked Reinforced Concrete Membrane Elements Subjected to Shear and Axial Loads (2018)

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Immobilization of β-Galactosidases from Lactobacillus on Chitin Using a Chitin-Binding Domain (2017)

Two β-galactosidases from Lactobacillus, including a heterodimeric LacLM type enzyme from Lactobacillus reuteri L103 and a homodimeric LacZ type β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus bulgaricus DSM 20081, were studied for immobilization on chitin using a carbohydrate-binding domain (chitin-binding domain, ChBD) from a chitinolytic enzyme. Three recombinant enzymes, namely, LacLM-ChBD, ChBD-LacLM, and LacZ-ChBD, were constructed and successfully expressed in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Depending on the structure of the enzymes, either homodimeric or heterodimeric, as well as the positioning of the chitin-binding domain in relation to the catalytic domains, that is, upstream or downstream of the main protein, the expression in the host strain and the immobilization on chitin beads were different. Most constructs showed a high specificity for the chitin in immobilization studies; thus, a one-step immobilizing procedure could be performed to achieve up to 100% yield of immobilization without the requirement of prior purification of the enzyme. The immobilized-on-chitin enzymes were shown to be more stable than the corresponding native enzymes; especially the immobilized LacZ from L. bulgaricus DSM20081 could retain 50% of its activity when incubated at 37 °C for 48 days. Furthermore, the immobilized enzymes could be recycled for conversion up to eight times with the converting ability maintained at 80%. These results show the high potential for application of these immobilized enzymes in lactose conversion on an industrial scale.
Computational and combinatorial group theory and cryptography : AMS Special Sessions : Computational Algebra, Groups, and Applications, April 30-May 1, 2011, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV : Mathematical Aspects of Cryptography and Cyber Security, September 10-11, 2011, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (2012)

This volume contains the proceedings of the AMS Special Session on Computational Algebra, Groups, and Applications, held April 30-May 1, 2011, at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, and the AMS Special Session on the Mathematical Aspects of Cryptography and Cyber Security, held September 10-11, 2011, at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Over the past twenty years combinatorial and infinite group theory has been energized by three developments: the emergence of geometric and asymptotic group theory, the development of algebraic geometry over groups leading to the solution of the Tarski problems, and the development of group-based cryptography. These three areas in turn have had an impact on computational algebra and complexity theory. The papers in this volume, both survey and research, exhibit the tremendous vitality that is at the heart of group theory in the beginning of the twenty-first century as well as the diversity of interests in the field.
Hysteresis current-forced three-phase voltage-sourced reversible rectifier (1989)

A voltage-sourced reversible rectifier (VSRR) which achieves bidirectional power flow between a three-phase AC supply and a DC bus voltage is described. The device features a current-forced control strategy that has the advantages of simplicity and extremely fast response time, while operating with unity power factor and sinusoidal AC supply currents to produce a regulated DC bus voltage. Six power transistors provide the necessary control over the currents, and to prevent them from switching faster than their capability a hysteresis band is introduced into the control strategy. The paper investigates the effects of the hysteresis, inductance and transistor switching delays on switching rates, distortion and efficiency by using both simulated and experimentally obtained results.