gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enriching One Taxonomy Using Another (2009)

Taxonomies, representing hierarchical data, are a key knowledge source in multiple disciplines. Information processing across taxonomies is not possible unless they are appropriately merged for commonalities and differences. For taxonomy merging, the first task is to identify common concepts between the taxonomies. Then, these common concepts along with their associated concepts in the two taxonomies need to be integrated. Doing this in a conflict-free manner is a challenging task and generally requires human intervention. In this paper, we explore the possibility of asymmetrically merging one taxonomy into another automatically. Given one or more source taxonomies and a destination taxonomy, modeled as directed acyclic graphs, we present intuitive algorithms that merge relevant portions of the source taxonomies into the destination taxonomy. We prove that our algorithms are conflict-free, information lossless, and scalable. We also define precision and recall measures for evaluating enriched taxonomies, such as T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> , the result of merging two taxonomies, with T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sub> , the ideal merger. Our experiments indicate the effectiveness of our approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Allylic Substituents on the Face Selectivity of Diels‐Alder Reactions of Semicyclic Dienes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A mathematical model for the leukocyte filtration process (1995)

Leukocyte filters are applied clinically to remove leukocytes from blood. In order to optimize leukocyte filters, a mathematical model to describe the leukocyte filtration process was developed by modification of a general theoretical model for depth filtration. The model presented here can be used to predict the time-dependent leukocyte filtration as a function of cell-cell interaction in the filter, filter efficiency, filter capacity, filter dimensions, and leukocyte concentration in the suspension applied to the filter. The results of different leukocyte filtration experiments previously reported in the literature could be well described by the present model. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase activation during warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injuries in a rat model (2002)

Ischemia/reperfusion injuries are a major problem in liver resections and transplantations. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha has been widely investigated as a key mediator in the mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Upstream signal transduction mechanisms for tumor necrosis factor-alpha have not been well documented. Therefore, we assessed c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation during warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injuries in a rat model. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Hepatic enzymes, histological examinations, microfluorographs, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein production (in the serum and liver tissue) were analyzed during the course of reperfusion. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity was measured by a radioisotope kinase assay. Ischemia/reperfusion injuries were characterized by an elevation in hepatic enzyme, the histological degeneration of hepatocytes, and an increase in the number of nonviable cells. Moreover, increased endothelial-adherent leukocytes and tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein production were also observed. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity at 60 minutes after reperfusion was 12.4 times higher than the pre-ischemia level. These results suggest that c-Jun N-terminal kinase may play some role in the mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
Favorable therapeutic index of an orally-active small-molecule antagonist of the platelet protease-activated receptor-4, BMS-986141, compared with the P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor in cynomolgus monkeys (2020)

Abstract Introduction BMS-986141 is an orally-active small-molecule platelet thrombin receptor antagonist selective for the protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4), a human platelet thrombin receptor. Purpose This study assessed effects of BMS-986141 vs. the P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor, a standard of care antiplatelet agent, on arterial thrombosis (AT), mesenteric bleeding time (MBT) and platelet aggregation in monkeys. Methods Studies were conducted in models of electrically-mediated carotid artery thrombosis and MBT in anesthetized monkeys. Monkeys were given a single oral dose of BMS-986141 (0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/kg) or vehicle (n=8/group). At 2 hr post-dose, in vivo AT, MBT as well as ex vivo platelet aggregation were monitored in the same animal. Ticagrelor was studied as a comparator and given as IV bolus plus infusion at 0.0023+0.017 to 0.075+0.6 (mg/kg+mg/kg/h) (n=5–6/group). Thrombus weight reduction, MBT increase over vehicle, and platelet aggregation inhibition were determined. Peak platelet aggregation responses to activation peptides selective for PAR4 (PAR4-AP, 12.5 μM) and PAR1 (PAR1-AP, 18 μM), to collagen (5 μg/ml) and to ADP (20 μM) were determined by whole blood aggregometry. Results BMS-986141 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by PAR4-AP in human and monkey blood in vitro with comparable IC50 of 1.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 nM, respectively. BMS-986141 at 0.5 mg/kg completely inhibited platelet aggregation induced by PAR4-AP but not PAR1-AP, ADP and collagen, suggesting PAR4 receptor selectivity. In the AT model, BMS-986141 at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg reduced thrombus weight by 36±7*, 63±8*, and 88±3%*, respectively (*P&amp;lt;0.05 vs. vehicle). BMS-986141 increased MBT by up to 1.2-fold. In a separate study, ticagrelor at 0.0023+0.017, 0.0068+0.055, 0.0255+0.18 and 0.075+0.6 (mg/kg+mg/kg/h IV) reduced thrombus weight by 19±8, 36±5*, 76±6* and 89±1%*, and increased MBT by respectively by 1.7-, 6.4-*, &amp;gt;10-*, and &amp;gt;10-fold*, respectively (*P&amp;lt;0.05 vs. vehicle). Conclusion Comparable antithrombotic efficacy was observed between BMS-986141 and ticagrelor in monkeys. BMS-986141 exhibited lower MBT compared with ticagrelor at equivalent antithrombotic doses. This study suggests that PAR4 antagonism provides a potentially safer antiplatelet therapy. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Research was supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb
[Selective salpingography and transcervical tubal recanalization: technique, indications, results. Apropos of 53 proceedings]. (1999)

The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure when proximal tubal obstruction is present. Fifty-three procedures were performed between January 95 and March 98 in the Radiology Department of Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, on 53 infertile women aged between 25 and 43 years. Unilateral or bilateral obstruction was documented on hysterosalpingogram or by laparoscopy. The technique consisted of a direct fallopian tube catheterization, under fluoroscopy using an hydrophilic guidewire. Water soluble contrast material was used. Eighty-eight tubes were evaluated (35 with bilateral and 10 with unilateral obstruction, 8 single tubes). Recanalization was possible in 52 cases (97.5%). Twenty-nine patients were followed. Thirteen pregnancies were reported (45%). This pregnancy rate is however increased to 62% if we exclude the cases where other infertility problems coexisted. No complications occurred. Selective salpingography and fallopian tube catheterization is a non invasive successful technique that is extremely useful in the diagnosis and treatment of tubal obstruction in women with infertility problems. It can be performed immediately after an hysterosalpingogram when the fallopian tubes are not opacified.
Thermal stress reliability of copper through silicon via interconnects for 3D logic devices (2016)

For 3D-LSI devices using the through silicon via (TSV) process, there are many reliability issues regarding the large thermal-mechanical stress and deformation volume changes caused by mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs) between the Cu and Si substrate in the device active area. In this paper, we investigated the TSV leakage current in metal-insulator-semiconductors and studies MOSFET device characteristics to manage manufacturing quality based on stress propagation of Cu-TSVs by thermal loading in the operating temperature range (-50 to 80 °C) and relatively high process temperature range (250 to 400 °C). The stress induced leakage current and MOSFET mobility change showed a relationship between expansion and contraction deformation of Cu under the thermal loading conditions. These results show that Cu/Si interface formation quality is high although there is major TSV metallization. Furthermore, it was found that precise estimation is important to designing the keep out zone (KOZ) in consideration of the real operating temperature.
Two‐Electron Tetrathiafulvalene Catholytes for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries (2022)

Abstract Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) exhibits two reversible oxidation steps and is used as a novel multi‐electron catholyte for nonaqueous organic redox flow batteries. To increase solubility in polar organic solvents, TTF derivatives with polar side chains are synthesized. 4‐Methoxymethyltetrathiafulvalene emerges as a promising two‐electron catholyte because it is a liquid at room temperature and miscible with acetonitrile. Bulk‐electrolysis experiments and UV‐vis‐NIR absorption spectroscopy reveal excellent cycling stability for the first and second electrochemical oxidations. In the doubly oxidized state, the TTF derivatives show a reversible about 1 % loss of the state of charge per day, due to extrinsic effects. In a symmetric redox flow battery, 4‐methoxymethyltetrathiafulvalene shows a volumetric capacity loss of only 0.2 % per cycle with a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.6 %. In an asymmetric redox flow battery with a pyromellitic diimide as two‐electron anolyte, the capacity loss is 0.8 % per cycle, with CE&gt;99 % in each cycle.
A Ketogenic Diet in Combination with Gemcitabine Mitigates Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Cachexia in Male and Female KPC Mice (2023)

Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a critical contributor to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mortality. Thus, there is an urgent need for new strategies to mitigate PDAC-associated cachexia; and the exploration of dietary interventions is a critical component. We previously observed that a ketogenic diet (KD) combined with gemcitabine enhances overall survival in the autochthonous LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53 R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mouse model. In this study, we investigated the effect and cellular mechanisms of a KD in combination with gemcitabine on the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass in KPC mice. For this purpose, male and female pancreatic tumor-bearing KPC mice were allocated to a control diet (CD), a KD, a CD + gemcitabine (CG), or a KD + gemcitabine (KG) group. We observed that a KD or a KG-mitigated muscle strength declined over time and presented higher gastrocnemius weights compared CD-fed mice. Mechanistically, we observed sex-dependent effects of KG treatment, including the inhibition of autophagy, and increased phosphorylation levels of eIF2α in KG-treated KPC mice when compared to CG-treated mice. Our data suggest that a KG results in preservation of skeletal muscle mass. Additional research is warranted to explore whether this diet-treatment combination can be clinically effective in combating CAC in PDAC patients.
Use of personal monitors to estimate effective dose equivalent and effective dose to workers for external exposure to low-LET radiation (1995)

This report prepared under the auspices of Scientific Committee 46, a scientific program area committee of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) concerned with operational radiation safety, provides practical recommendations on the use of personal monitors to estimate effective dose equivalent (H{sub E}) and effective dose (E) for occupationally-exposed individuals. The report is limited to external exposures to low-LET radiation. Recent additions to the radiation protection literature have made the recommendations possible. In order to avoid delay in utilizing the recommendations in the United States, the quantity H{sub E}, as well as E, has been included until such time as the federal radiation protection guidance and associated implementing regulations are revised to express dose limits in E as recommended by the NCRP.
Identification and characterization of phosphoenolpyruvate: fructose phosphotransferase systems in three Streptomyces species (1995)

SUMMARY: Streptomyces lividans, S. coelicolor and S. griseofuscus were examined for the presence of the enzymes of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). All three species were shown to possess Enzyme I, HPr and fructose-specific Enzyme II (IIFru) activities. In S. lividans and S. coelicolor , all three PTS enzymes were fructose-inducible, but in S. griseofuscus the system was expressed constitutively. These organisms apparently lack the HPr(Ser) kinase and HPr(Ser-P) phosphatase that characterize low-GC Gram-positive bacteria.
Wave-Function Reconstruction for the Determination of the Scattering Length of Sr (2005)

We have investigated the photoassociation (PA) spectra of ultracold $^{88}$Sr atoms near the $5s^2 ^1S_0+5s5p ^1P_1$ atomic asymptote. The intensity modulation of the PA lines was used to reconstruct the ground-state scattering wave function, whose nodal point inferred the s-wave scattering length of $a=1.1(2)$ nm. The observed PA resonances also determined a precise lifetime of the $^1P_1$ state to be 5.263(4) ns.
Immobilization of natural anti-oxidants on carbon nanotubes and aging behavior of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene-based nanocomposites (2014)

The use of natural antioxidants is an attractive way to formulate nanocomposites with extended durability and with potential applications in bio-medical field. In this work, Vitamin E (VE) in the form of α-tocopherol and Quercetin&#13;\n(Q) are physically immobilized on the outer surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Afterward, the CNTs-VE and CNTs-Q are used to formulate thermally stable ultra high molecular weight polyethylene based nanocomposites. The obtained results in the study of the thermo-oxidation behavior suggest a beneficial effect of the natural anti-oxidant carbon nanotubes systems. The unexpected excellent thermo-resistance of the nanocomposites seems to be due to a synergistic effect of the natural anti-oxidant and carbon nanotubes, i.e. strong interaction between CNT surface and antioxidant molecules. Particularly, these interactions cause the formation of structural defects onto outer CNT surfaces, which, in turn, increase the CNT radical scavenging activity
Decentralized MPC based Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-Robot Target Tracking Scenarios (2018)

In this work, we consider the problem of decentralized multi-robot target tracking and obstacle avoidance in dynamic environments. Each robot executes a local motion planning algorithm which is based on model predictive control (MPC). The planner is designed as a quadratic program, subject to constraints on robot dynamics and obstacle avoidance. Repulsive potential field functions are employed to avoid obstacles. The novelty of our approach lies in embedding these non-linear potential field functions as constraints within a convex optimization framework. Our method convexifies nonconvex constraints and dependencies, by replacing them as pre-computed external input forces in robot dynamics. The proposed algorithm additionally incorporates different methods to avoid field local minima problems associated with using potential field functions in planning. The motion planner does not enforce predefined trajectories or any formation geometry on the robots and is a comprehensive solution for cooperative obstacle avoidance in the context of multi-robot target tracking. We perform simulation studies for different scenarios to showcase the convergence and efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Automated driving: Safe motion planning using positively invariant sets (2017)

This paper develops a method for safe lane changes. We leverage feedback control and constraint-admissible positively invariant sets to guarantee collision-free closed-loop trajectory tracking. Starting from an initial state of the vehicle and obstacles in the region of interest, our method steers the vehicle to the desired lane while satisfying constraints associated with the future motion of the obstacles with respect to the vehicle. We connect the initial state with the desired lane using equilibrium points and associated positively invariant sets of the vehicle dynamics, where the positively invariant sets are used to guarantee safe transitions between the equilibrium points. An autonomous highway-driving example with a receding-horizon implementation shows that our method is capable of generating safe dynamically feasible trajectories in real-time while accounting for obstacles in the environment and modeling errors.
Time-sequential autostereoscopic OLED display with segmented scanning parallax barrier (2009)

We have developed and prototyped 14" WXGA full resolution 2D-3D autostereoscopic OLED display with fast switching parallax barrier, capable of scanning in quasi-synchronism with line-by-line image update. The parallax barrier is formed by fast directly driven TN liquid crystal panel, placed between crossed polarizers. Scanning capability has been added to LCD based parallax barrier in order to reduce crosstalk that appears because of scan and hold operation of OLED display. The crosstalk level in "sweet points" of the viewing zone is measured below 5%. Image brightness in 3D mode comprises 45% of the brightness in 2D mode. To reduce image flicker in 3D mode OLED panel is driven at a frame frequency 120 Hz.
Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer directed from colloidal quantum dots to epitaxial quantum wells for light harvesting applications (2011)

We report on Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer directed from CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots to InGaN/GaN quantum wells with 69.6% efficiency at 1.527 ns−1 rate at room temperature for potential light harvesting and solar cells applications.
Radical prostatectomy as initial monotherapy for patients with pathologically confirmed high‐grade prostate cancer (2009)

High-grade prostate cancer can be treated with RP as initial monotherapy with an acceptable 10-year cancer-specific survival (82%). The PSA recurrence-free follow-up is poor (31% at 5 years). However, few patients progress to symptomatic recurrence after PSA relapse within the first 5 years.
Isolation and reactivity of host effectors associated with the manifestation of concomitant tumor immunity. (1988)

In this study, we have measured the specific tumoricidal activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that prevent the growth of secondary tumors in animals harboring progressing primary tumors (concomitant immunity). Since no tumor grows at the challenge site when concomitant immunity is established, tumor cells were inoculated into a preimplanted gelatin sponge whose subsequent solubilization in collagenase permitted the retrieval of leukocytes after tumor challenge. Primary progressing EMT6 tumors were established in normal BALB/c mice and 10 days later they were challenged with a secondary tumor inoculum introduced through a preimplanted gelatin sponge. At 3, 7, and 10 days after the administration of the tumor inoculum challenge, a monodispersed suspension of infiltrating leukocytes was recovered by collagenase digestion of the sponge matrix and tested for cytotoxicity toward EMT6 tumor targets. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes with tumoricidal activity accumulated at the site of the secondary tumor challenge by 3 days. This antitumor activity was maximal 7 days following challenge and decayed thereafter. Splenic lymphocytes from these animals showed little cytotoxicity. In animals harboring a primary tumor, lymphocytes found in sponges that were not inoculated with tumor cells were not cytotoxic. We interpret these data to indicate that cytotoxic lymphocytes migrate to, and accumulate at the site of the tumor but not at other sites and that peripheral sources of lymphocytes in tumor-bearing animals such as the spleen may not be the best source of effector cells for evaluating the host's immune response to its tumor. The approach described here may also be useful in studying the mechanisms for host control of metastatic disease.
Hochdurchsatz‐Chromatographie zur Reinigung kombinatorischer Substanzbibliotheken (2001)

Abstract Höhere Anforderungen an die Reinheit und die große Zahl der im Hochdurchsatz‐Screening untersuchten Substanzbibliotheken haben Konsequenzen für die präparative Aufarbeitung von Verbindungen mit der HPLC.
<title>Experimental comparison of staring IR sensor technologies including PV HgCdTe, PV InGaAs, and quantum well GaAs/AlGaAs</title> (1995)

We compare several key infrared detector technologies versus operating temperature and background flux via hybrid FPA test at operating temperatures from 32.5 K to room temperature and photon backgrounds from mid-10<SUP>5</SUP> to approximately equal to 10<SUP>17</SUP> photons/cm<SUP>2</SUP>-sec. The detector materials include photovoltaic (PV) HgCdTe/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, PV HgCdTe/CdZnTe, photoconductive (PC) GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) and PV InGaAs/InP; the device sizes range from 64 multiplied by 64 to 1024 multiplied by 1024.
Effects of Electron-Gun and Laser Parameters on Collection Efficiency and Packet Duration in Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (2015)

Journal Article Effects of Electron-Gun and Laser Parameters on Collection Efficiency and Packet Duration in Ultrafast Electron Microscopy Get access Erik Kieft, Erik Kieft FEI Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Karl B Schliep, Karl B Schliep Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pranav K Suri, Pranav K Suri Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David J Flannigan David J Flannigan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 21, Issue S3, 1 August 2015, Pages 807–808, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615004833 Published: 23 September 2015