gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Detection of Driver Impairment Based on Pupillary Light Reflex (2018)

The main objective of this paper is to determine the feasibility of designing a driver drunkenness detection system based on the dynamic analysis of a subject's pupillary light reflex (PLR). This involuntary reaction is widely utilized in the medical field to diagnose a variety of diseases, and in this paper, the effectiveness of such a method to reveal an impairment condition due to alcohol abuse is evaluated. The test method consists in applying a light stimulus to one eye of the subject and to capture the dynamics of constriction of both eyes; for extracting the pupil size profiles from the video sequences, a two-step methodology is described, where in the first phase, the iris/pupil search within the image is performed, and in the second stage, the image is cropped to perform pupil detection on a smaller image to improve time efficiency. The undesired pupil dynamics arising in the PLR are defined and evaluated; a spontaneous oscillation of the pupil diameter is observed in the range [0, 2] Hz and the accommodation reflex causes pupil constriction of about 10% of the iris diameter. A database of pupillary light responses is acquired on different subjects in baseline condition and after alcohol consumption, and for each one, a first-order model is identified. A set of features is introduced to compare the two populations of responses and is used to design a support vector machine classifier to discriminate between “Sober” and “Drunk” states.
A FUNCTIONAL METAGENOMIC APPROACH OF HUMAN MICROBIOTA IDENTIFIES A BACTERIAL STRAIN THAT CONFERS PROTECTION DURING INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION VIA IL-22 (2017)

Abstract The gastrointestinal microbiota has been shown to play an important role in resistance to pathogen invasion and in the regulation of the host metabolism. Further, it is widely recognized that the microbiota also influences the development and homeostasis of the immune system. Alteration in the microbial flora, so called dysbiosis, has been linked to many human diseases, including autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory disorders and allergies. Despite the advances in the DNA sequencing technology, a deeper understanding of the gut microbiota is still hindered by the inability to culture most of the bacterial species. In this study, we used a high throughput cell-based functional metagenomic approach to identify several bioactive bacterial clones in the human fecal microbiota. In subsequent co-culture experiments we selected one clone, related to the phylum of Firmicutes, which indirectly activated dendritic cells through the stimulation of intestinal epithelial cells and subsequently modulated T cell functions. This effect was associated to an ABC transporter. In ex-vivo human organ culture experiments we found that this clone prevented Salmonella-induced destruction of the intestinal mucosa by stimulating the production of IL-22 in the CD4+ T cells. These results were confirmed in vivo by using a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis. Here pre-treatment of the mice with the identified clone was able to significantly reduce intestinal inflammation. This protective effect was abrogated by the administration of anti-IL22 antibody or the use of AHR antagonist. Altogether, our functional metagenomic approach allowed the identification of bacteria and bacteria-induced genes modulating the immune system.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Pig Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flaps after Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (2003)

Exogenous administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) improves long-term viability of myocutaneous flaps. However, endogenous expression of this substance in flaps following ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been reported previously. Endogenous production of VEGF was measured in myocutaneous pig latissimus dorsi flaps after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps (15 x 10 cm) were simultaneously elevated bilaterally in six Yorkshire-type male pigs (25 kg). Before elevation, three flap zones (5 x 10 cm) were marked according to their distance from the vascular pedicle. After isolation of the vascular pedicle, ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in one flap by occlusion of the thoracodorsal artery and vein for 4 hours, followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. The contralateral flap served as a control. Perfusion in each zone was monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry at baseline, during ischemia, and during reperfusion. At the end of the protocol, skin and muscle biopsies of each flap zone and adjacent tissues were obtained for later determination of VEGF protein levels. VEGF concentrations were quantified using the Quantikine human VEGF immunoassay. Skin perfusion was similar among all flap zones before surgery. Flow fell in all flaps immediately after flap elevation. After 4 hours of ischemia, blood flow in the ischemic flaps was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared with nonischemic control flaps. After 2 hours of reperfusion, flow in ischemic flap skin recovered to levels similar to those in control flaps. VEGF protein concentrations in muscle tissue exceeded concentrations in skin and decreased from zones 2 to 3 in control and ischemic flaps. No significant differences in VEGF concentrations between ischemic and control muscle zones were observed. However, the concentration of VEGF in all muscle zones was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than muscle adjacent to the flap. Concentrations in skin zones 1 and 2 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in ischemic flaps than in control flaps, but levels in zone 3 (most ischemic flaps) showed no significant difference.
A novel KCNMA1 mutation associated with progressive cerebellar ataxia. (P2.118) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel KCNMA1 mutation associated with a novel progressive cerebellar phenotype. BACKGROUND: A single kindred has been described manifesting generalized epilepsy and paroxysmal dyskinesias associated with a mutation in the gene KCNMA1, leading to a BK-type potassium channelopathy. Patients in that kindred had neither ataxia nor cerebellar atrophy. One study showed that targeted deletion of the KCNMA1 gene in mice leads to severe ataxia. DESIGN/METHODS: We examined a 16 yo female with a history of febrile seizures, delayed milestones and ataxic gait since 18 months, whose speech and gait progressively deteriorated beginning at age 13. She was moderately cognitively impaired, had severe dysarthria, perioral and truncal dyskinesias, coarse nystagmus, and truncal and appendicular ataxia. MRI showed severe cerebellar atrophy. Whole exome sequencing revealed a variant in the KCNMA1 gene predicting a G354S mutation, not present in either parent. This variant was not present in more than 63,000 exomes recently published as a part of the exome aggregation consortium. RESULTS: A novel mutation in the KCNMA1 gene is associated with a cerebellar phenotype distinct from a previously described KCNMA1-associated epilepsy syndrome. The previously described KCNMA1 mutation, D434G, increases Ca2+ sensitivity of the channels, conferring a gain of function. The present KCNMA1 mutation, G354S, affects a conserved residue in the selectivity filter, possibly impairing conductance, and therefore may cause a loss of function. BK-type potassium channels with reduced activity may not be able to repolarize the neuron upon Ca2+ entry, leading to intracellular Ca2+overload. A loss of BK channel function would be consistent with the results of mouse studies. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebellar ataxia may be a newly recognized consequence of some KCNMA1 mutations. Expression studies are needed to confirm the functional consequences of this novel KCNMA1 mutation.
Cycle-engineered coherent steering of electrons with a multicolor optical parametric synthesizer (2010)

Directional electron generation asymmetry is measured using incommensurate-frequency multicolor pulses that are carrier-envelope-phase-locked. The demonstrated Yb-laser-pumped OPA technology produces a shot-to-shot-stable femtosecond field combining three carrier frequencies that can be set to an arbitrary ratio.
Supplementary Figure S1 Details from Co-occurring Genomic Alterations Define Major Subsets of <i>KRAS</i>-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma with Distinct Biology, Immune Profiles, and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1 Details. Expression levels of 384 genes selected for the NMF algorithm in the three KRAS-mutant LUAC subsets.&lt;/p&gt;
The Rate of Charge Tunneling through Self‐Assembled Monolayers Is Insensitive to Many Functional Group Substitutions (2012)

Insensitivity: A series of molecules containing a common head group and body as well as structurally varied tail groups (-R) has been used in junctions with the structure Ag/S(CH2)4CONH(CH2)2R//Ga2O3/EGaIn to study the rates of charge transport by tunneling. Changing the structure of R over a range of common aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic organic groups was found to not significantly influence the rate of tunneling (see plots; the dashed lines represent calibration standards).
Applications of on-chip samplers for test and measurement of integrated circuits (2002)

Displaying the real-time behavior of critical signals on VLSI chips is difficult and can require expensive test equipment. We present a simple sampling technique to display the analog waveforms of high bandwidth on-chip signals on a laboratory oscilloscope. It is based on the subsampling of periodic signals. This circuit was used to verify the operation of a recent low-power SRAM design.
Fast Ray features for learning irregular shapes (2009)

We introduce a new class of image features, the Ray feature set, that consider image characteristics at distant contour points, capturing information which is difficult to represent with standard feature sets. This property allows Ray features to efficiently and robustly recognize deformable or irregular shapes, such as cells in microscopic imagery. Experiments show Ray features clearly outperform other powerful features including Haar-like features and Histograms of Oriented Gradients when applied to detecting irregularly shaped neuron nuclei and mitochondria. Ray features can also provide important complementary information to Haar features for other tasks such as face detection, reducing the number of weak learners and computational cost. Ray features can be efficiently precomputed to reduce cost, just as precomputing integral images reduces the overall cost of Haar features. While Rays are slightly more expensive to precompute, their computational cost is less than that of Haar features for scanning an AdaBoost-based detector window across an image at run-time.
Experimental demonstration of dynamic equalization of three 2.5-Gbit/s WDM channels over 1000 km using acousto-optic tunable filters (2005)

We demonstrate experimentally the dynamic equalization of the nonuniform EDFA gain by using acoustic-optic tunable filters with active feedback. After 1000 km transmission in a recirculating-loop experiment, the maximum power differential is reduced from 20 dB to 1 dB for three 2.5-Gbit/s WDM channels covering an 8-nm wavelength range. The active feedback is verified and ensures proper system performance when the power of any individual channel varies over time, as is likely in a dynamically-reconfigurable WDM network.
Figure S1 from BET Inhibitors Suppress ALDH Activity by Targeting <i>ALDH1A1</i> Super-Enhancer in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;BET inhibition reduces ALDH activity and decreases ALDH1A1 expression in ovarian cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Involvement of the spleen in the control of the immunogenic and phagocytic function of thioglycollate‐induced macrophages (1981)

The immunogenic capacity of thioglycollate-induced peritoneal macrophages of adult splenectomized animals was compared to that of macrophages of sham-operated controls. Macrophages from splenectomized animals were found to be impaired in their function as antigen-presenting cells, both in the education of virgin initiator T lymphocytes and in the stimulation of antigen-specific T memory cells. Macrophages from splenectomized animals were also severely impaired in their phagocytic capacity, as assessed in an opsonin-dependent bacterial phagocytosis assay. However, they were not impaired in their ability to pinocytose soluble keyhole limpet hemocyanin. These results indicate that the spleen may play a decisive role in controlling the differentiation of peritoneal macrophages.
A Selective, Slow Binding Inhibitor of Factor VIIa Binds to a Nonstandard Active Site Conformation and Attenuates Thrombus Formation in Vivo (2005)

The serine protease factor VIIa (FVIIa) in complex with its cellular cofactor tissue factor (TF) initiates the blood coagulation reactions. TF.FVIIa is also implicated in thrombosis-related disorders and constitutes an appealing therapeutic target for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. To this end, we generated the FVIIa active site inhibitor G17905, which displayed great potency toward TF.FVIIa (Ki = 0.35 +/- 0.11 nM). G17905 did not appreciably inhibit 12 of the 14 examined trypsin-like serine proteases, consistent with its TF.FVIIa-specific activity in clotting assays. The crystal structure of the FVIIa.G17905 complex provides insight into the molecular basis of the high selectivity. It shows that, compared with other serine proteases, FVIIa is uniquely equipped to accommodate conformational disturbances in the Gln217-Gly219 region caused by the ortho-hydroxy group of the inhibitor's aminobenzamidine moiety located in the S1 recognition pocket. Moreover, the structure revealed a novel, nonstandard conformation of FVIIa active site in the region of the oxyanion hole, a "flipped" Lys192-Gly193 peptide bond. Macromolecular substrate activation assays demonstrated that G17905 is a noncompetitive, slow-binding inhibitor. Nevertheless, G17905 effectively inhibited thrombus formation in a baboon arterio-venous shunt model, reducing platelet and fibrin deposition by approximately 70% at 0.4 mg/kg + 0.1 mg/kg/min infusion. Therefore, the in vitro potency of G17905, characterized by slow binding kinetics, correlated with efficacious antithrombotic activity in vivo.
Chimie des processus biologiques (2018)

Enseignement Cours – De la chimie biologique aux biotechnologies, recherche et applications (II) Introduction Pour reprendre une vision très originale développée par Jean-Marie Lehn, la chimie est marquée à la fois par une grande diversité mais également une faible complexité moléculaire tandis qu’à l’inverse la biologie met en œuvre une grande complexité moléculaire fondée sur une diversité limitée (20 acides aminés, 4 bases nucléiques, etc.). Si l’on veut exploiter la puissance grandissante...
Abstract 9377: A Role for Targeted Colchicine Uptitration in Recurrent Pericarditis: A Ten-Year Experience of Treatment Refractory Disease at a Specialist Referral Center (2022)

Introduction: Recurrent pericarditis (RP) carries significant morbidity, both direct and indirect through corticosteroid dependence. Uptake of highly effective anti-interleukin-1 agents, anakinra and rilonacept, is limited by expertise and cost, leading to widespread corticosteroid use in cases refractory to low dose colchicine. Thus, effective, accessible approaches that minimise iatrogenic harm are needed. Consensus guidance for other autoinflammatory diseases recommends colchicine uptitration prior to addition of biologics, providing a potential approach in treatment-refractory RP. Methods: Retrospective review of RP case records at a tertiary center 2012-2022. Treatment-refractory RP was defined as active disease despite colchicine 1mg/24h or disease requiring other prophylactic drugs, and corticosteroid dependence as daily corticosteroid use for 6 months. Results: Of 111 cases, 71 (64.0%) were treatment-refractory at 1 st review, of whom 32 (45.1%) were corticosteroid dependent. Median follow up was 15 months (IQR 4-35). Of treatment-refractory cases without corticosteroid dependence, 38/39 (97.4%) were treated with colchicine uptitration and 4/39 (10.3%) with anakinra; none became corticosteroid dependent. Of corticosteroid dependent cases, 27/32 (84.4%) were treated with colchicine uptitration and 11/32 (34.3%) with anakinra. Corticosteroids were discontinued in 18/32 (56.3%): 7/18 (38.9%) weaned with colchicine uptitration alone, 9/18 (50.0%) with anakinra and 2/18 (11.1%) with azathioprine. Median corticosteroid duration was 15.5 months (IQR 12-44.75) and corticosteroid toxicity occurred in 8/32 (25.0%). Among the 70/71 cases (98.6%) treated with colchicine (median maintenance dose 2 mg/24h (IQR 1.5-2)), permanent discontinuation was uncommon (3/70, 4.3%) and due to gastrointestinal symptoms; self-limiting liver transaminase elevation was common (28/70, 40.0%) but did not lead to discontinuation in any case. Conclusions: Colchicine uptitration enabled avoidance of new corticosteroid dependence, facilitated corticosteroid discontinuation and was well tolerated. This contrasts with the frequent toxicity seen with prolonged corticosteroid use and supports wider uptake of this approach in RP.
Optical spectroscopy of copper(I)-doped sodium-.beta."-alumina (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptical spectroscopy of copper(I)-doped sodium-.beta."-aluminaJ. D. Barrie, B. Dunn, Gary Hollingsworth, and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 10, 3958–3963Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100347a018https://doi.org/10.1021/j100347a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED INTERFACE FOR INTEGRATION OF TCAD WITH SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION (2002)

The structure and systematics of automated transfer of semiconductor fabrication process data into a Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) framework are described in detail. The main stages of semiconductor fabrication from design to the final product are identified and outlined. Based on this system the TCAD framework is mirrored to reflect the functionality and behavior of the fabrication system as closely as possible. The structure of the necessary interfaces for this integration is described. The implementation of this system is explained and a couple of examples of the resulting framework are given. The resulting benefits from this approach are discussed.
Global nuclear energy partnership fuels transient testing at the Sandia National Laboratories nuclear facilities : planning and facility infrastructure options. (2007)

The Global Nuclear Energy Partnership fuels development program is currently developing metallic, oxide, and nitride fuel forms as candidate fuels for an Advanced Burner Reactor. The Advance Burner Reactor is being designed to fission actinides efficiently, thereby reducing the long-term storage requirements for spent fuel repositories. Small fuel samples are being fabricated and evaluated with different transuranic loadings and with extensive burnup using the Advanced Test Reactor. During the next several years, numerous fuel samples will be fabricated, evaluated, and tested, with the eventual goal of developing a transmuter fuel database that supports the down selection to the most suitable fuel type. To provide a comparative database of safety margins for the range of potential transmuter fuels, this report describes a plan to conduct a set of early transient tests in the Annular Core Research Reactor at Sandia National Laboratories. The Annular Core Research Reactor is uniquely qualified to perform these types of tests because of its wide range of operating capabilities and large dry central cavity which extents through the center of the core. The goal of the fuels testing program is to demonstrate that the design and fabrication processes are of sufficient quality that the fuel will not fail at its design limit--up to a specified burnup, power density, and operating temperature. Transient testing is required to determine the fuel pin failure thresholds and to demonstrate that adequate fuel failure margins exist during the postulated design basis accidents.
Supplementary tables from Targeting a Single Alternative Polyadenylation Site Coordinately Blocks Expression of Androgen Receptor mRNA Splice Variants in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains supplementary tables Table S1: Repeat variable dinucleotide (RVD) modules used to create tAR2 left and right TALENs, Table S2: Mean per-base read coverage and copy number of the AR gene for 22Rv1 sub-lines, Table S3: Confirmation of 22Rv1 genetic background in undup1, undup3 sub-lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Circulating current control scheme for double-star winding induction motor drive based, ship propulsion system (2017)

Induction machines with double-star stator winding configuration, has extend the redundancy capability of the FEP based ship propulsion systems. However, under winding faulty conditions, the presence of negative sequence torque components introduce torque pulsations which are responsible for the torsional vibration stress. The classical Field Oriented Control (FOC) scheme approach, has a PI controller performance, because of the oscillating components, due to the development of negative sequence current components. On this matter, several approaches have been proposed, based on an alternative rotation matrix, which is dependant on the nature of the fault. In order to deal with this uncertainty, the present work presents a new approach, with the implementation of sliding current controllers in the synchronous reference frame.
Handover performance of HVAC duct based indoor wireless networks (2005)

In this paper, we present a performance analysis for different implementations of handover in indoor wireless networks (IWN) that use heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts as communication channels. If FDMA/TDMA technology is used, our results show that the handover performance, i.e., new call blocking and handover dropping probabilities, of an IWN that uses HVAC ducts are up to 6.6 times better for practical scenarios compared to those of traditional IWN (i.e., IWN that do not use HVAC ducts). Our results also indicate that for scenarios under investigation, using a single access point to serve one floor and its staircase region achieves the best handover performance for IWN that use HVAC ducts. The solution to the handover problem in HVAC-IWN is tightly coupled with the coverage, capacity, and load balancing issues in indoor wireless networks. We show, for the first time, that the proposed solution to the handover problem in HVAC-IWN results in an increase in capacity per coverage area, an increase in the radius of coverage for an access point, and can be used to achieve load balancing in WLAN that use IEEE 802.11 technology.