gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PHOSPHATE GLASSES PREPARED BY TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED MICROWAVE HEATING (2005)

15BaO-10PbO-5SrO-70P2O5 glasses were prepared with temperature-controlled microwave heating by changing holding temperature (700°C,800°C and 850°C) and holding time (0 min and 10 min). The glass prepared at 700°C for 0 min showed the highest AC contdiuctity of 1.7×10-4Scm-1 at 200°C.
Increasing the Number of Oxygen Vacancies on TiO2 by Doping with Iron Increases the Activity of Supported Gold for CO Oxidation (2007)

The addition of iron to high-area TiO2 (Degussa P25, a mixture of anatase and rutile) increases the number of oxygen defect sites that react with O2 to form peroxide and superoxide species. In the presence of gold nanoclusters on the TiO2 surface, the superoxide species become highly reactive, and the activity of the supported gold catalyst for CO oxidation is approximately twice that of the most active comparable catalysts described in the literature. Images of the catalyst obtained by scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with spectra of the catalyst measured in the working state (Raman, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure) indicate strong interactions of gold with the support and the presence of iron near the interfaces between the gold clusters and the TiO2 support. The high activity of the catalysts is attributed to the presence of defects in these sites that activate oxygen.
A09 Effect of film composition on the tool damage of another workpiece (2014)

For better selection of coated cutting tools, TiAlN (Ti50Al50N) and CrAlN (Cr50Al50N) coatings were deposited onto ball-nose and square end mills using arc evaporation, and their cutting performances were evaluated using steel workpieces of various hardnesses. In particular, cutting tests were performed on three types of workpieces, made from S50C, SKD61, and SKD11 steels, having Brinell hardness numbers of HB220, HRC40, and HRC60, respectively. The results of the cutting experiments were elucidated and discussed in terms of the mechanical properties and anti-oxidation resistances of the different coatings. The results revealed that TiAlN-coated square end mills at high cutting speeds (V=200 m/min) had superior performance when used on steels with high hardness, whereas CrAlN-coated ball-nose end mills were superior when used on low hardness steel. Therefore, CrAlN-coated ball-nose end mills are concluded to be suitable for the machining of low hardness steels, whereas TiAlN-coated square end mills are preferable for the machining of high hardness steels.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF SOME 4‐AMINOBENZAMIDES (1984)

Abstract Dargestellt und auf antioonvulsive Wirkung an Mäusen untersucht werden die 4‐Aminobenzamide (IV).
Computerized Detection of Mass Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Images Using Two- and Three Dimensional Radial Gradient Index Segmentation (2004)

Initial results for a computerized mass lesion detection scheme for digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images are presented. The algorithm uses a radial gradient index feature for the initial lesion detection and for segmentation of lesion candidates. A set of features is extracted for each segmented partition. Performance of two- and three dimensional features was compared. For gradient features, the additional dimension provided no improvement in classification performance. For shape features, classification using 3D features was improved compared to the 2D equivalent features. The preliminary overall performance was 76% sensitivity at 11 false positives per exam, estimated based on DBT image data of 21 masses. A larger database will allow for further development and improvement in our computer aided detection scheme.
Multigram Synthesis of the Sex Pheromone of Leucoptera Malifoliella (1989)

Abstract A Short, multigram synthesis of 5, 9-dimethyl-heptadecane is given.
A CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK LAYER FOR RECONFIGURABLE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (2007)

Dependable and Fault-tolerant computing is actively being pursued as a research area since the 1980s in various fields involving development of safety-critical applications. The ability of the system to provide reliable functional service as per its design is a key paradigm in dependable computing. For providing reliable service in fault-tolerant systems, dynamic reconfiguration has to be supported to enable recovery from errors (induced by faults) or graceful degradation in case of service failures. Reconfigurable Distributed applications provided a platform to develop fault-tolerant systems and these reconfigurable architectures requires an embedded network that is inherently fault-tolerant and capable of handling movement of tasks between nodes/processors within the system during dynamic reconfiguration. The embedded network should provide mechanisms for deterministic message transfer under faulty environments and support fault detection/isolation mechanisms within the network framework. This thesis describes the design, implementation and validation of an embedded networking layer using Controller Area Network (CAN) to support reconfigurable embedded systems.
Overexpression of the gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase transgene does not alter the gamma irradiation sensitivity of the IB3–1 normal bronchoepithelial or A549 human lung carcinoma cell line (1995)

Abstract We investigated the effect of overexpression of the gene for gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) on the gamma irradiation sensitivity of human bronchoepithelial cell line IB3–1 or A549 lung carcinoma cells. The enzyme has been considered a putative radioprotector because it is the only enzyme capable of degrading extracellular glutathione to ultimately provide cysteine for resynthesis of intracellular glutathione. Clonal sublines of each cell line were isolated after transfection with a plasmid containing both the rat GGTP cDNA and neo r gene, and selected in G418. Each transfected clone demonstrated a different degree of GGTP enzymatic expression by biochemical analysis. The D 0 of parent IB3–1 cells was 1.434 ± 0.138 Gy, n 2.331 ± 0.685, and was unchanged by GGTP overexpression, D 0 1.932 ± 0.690 Gy (P = 0.133), n 2.916 ± 2.7 (P = 0.628). In contrast, overexpression of the MnSOD transgene in IB3–1 cells increase the shoulder on the irradiation survival curve for IB3–1 cells, showing significant increase in the shoulder, D 0 1.239 ± 0.1 Gy (P = 0.079), n 7.276 ± 0.1 (P &lt; 0.001). Lung cancer cell line A549 was subcloned after expression of the GGTP transgene, and clonal subline 22 demonstrated stably increased GGTP activity and protein production by Western analysis. The parental A549 line was also redoned by limiting dilution. A series of clonal sublines of clonal line 22 expressed up to a 97‐fold increase in GGTP expression compared to control clones. In clonogenic cell survival assays in the presence or absence of added glutathione, no difference in irradiation sensitivity was detected between parent or GGTP transfected and overexpressing subclones despite an increase in GGTP activity. The D 0 of the subclone 10 of parent A549 cells was 1.6 ± 0.40 Gy and n was 4.8 ± 3.0, α 0.13 ± 0.10, β 0.052 ± 0.02; while the D 0 for GGTP overexpressing clone 17, a subclone of line 22, was 1.3 ± 0.05 Gy, n 2.6 ± 0.18, a 0.279 ± 0.01, p 0.059 ± 0.01. The cell lines were not significantly different with respect to D 0 (P = 0.55), indicating no significant effect of GGTP overexpression on radiosensitivity. Thus, GGTP overexpression in either normal lung bronchoalveolar cell line IB3–1 or lung cancer cell line A549 does not induce radioresistance in vitro. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE OXIDATION OF THIOGLYCOLIC ACID AND GLUTATHIONE BY (1987)

The oxidation of glutathione and thiogiycolic acid by perteehnetate ion has been studied. In each case a reaction mechanism is proposed which is in agreement with the experimental kinetic orders, and which satisfactorily accounts for all other experimental findings. Rate constants and Arrhenius parameters are reported.
Multimodal Imaging of Nanostructures with FEG SEM (2008)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008
Studies on lignan lactone antitumor agents. I Synthesis of aminoglycosidic lignan variants related to podophyllotoxin. (1986)

D-(and L-)Aminoglycosidic variants of 4'-O-demethyl-1-epipodophyllotoxin were synthesized by glycosidation of 4'-O-benzyloxycarbonyl- or 4'-O-chloroacetyl-4'-O-demethyl-1-epipodophyllotoxin (8 or 22) with the corresponding aminosugar derivatives. Cyclic acetals of 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy- and 3-amino-3-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O-demethyl-1-epipodophyllotoxins (13 and 21) gave a significant survival time increase in mice with leukemia L-1210, and showed superior activity to VP-16-213 (etoposide, 5).
CMOS-compatible Si-wire polarization beam splitter based on wavelength-insensitive coupler (2019)

An ultrabroadband silicon polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on a wavelength-insensitive coupler is fabricated by a standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. The PBS has three identical directional couplers and two identical delay lines with a point symmetric layout. We experimentally demonstrate the broadband operation of the PBS. The crosstalk is less than −12 dB for both TE and TM modes over the wavelength range from 1532 nm to 1649 nm. Additionally, we theoretically discuss a tunability of the PBS for the first time.
Synthesis of Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrido[3,2‐c]azepines as Hypotensive Agents of Expected Calcium‐Channel Blocking Activity. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
RETRACTED: The Arabidopsis Malectin-Like Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor-Like Kinase IOS1 Associates with the Pattern Recognition Receptors FLS2 and EFR and Is Critical for Priming of Pattern-Triggered Immunity (2014)

Plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors such as FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR) recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to activate the first layer of plant immunity termed pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). A reverse genetics approach with genes responsive to the priming agent β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) revealed IMPAIRED OOMYCETE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (IOS1) as a critical PTI player. Arabidopsis thaliana ios1 mutants were hypersusceptible to Pseudomonas syringae bacteria. Accordingly, ios1 mutants demonstrated defective PTI responses, notably delayed upregulation of PTI marker genes, lower callose deposition, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activities upon bacterial infection or MAMP treatment. Moreover, Arabidopsis lines overexpressing IOS1 were more resistant to P. syringae and demonstrated a primed PTI response. In vitro pull-down, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, coimmunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry analyses supported the existence of complexes between the membrane-localized IOS1 and FLS2 and EFR. IOS1 also associated with BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) in a ligand-independent manner and positively regulated FLS2/BAK1 complex formation upon MAMP treatment. Finally, ios1 mutants were defective in BABA-induced resistance and priming. This work reveals IOS1 as a regulatory protein of FLS2- and EFR-mediated signaling that primes PTI activation upon bacterial elicitation.
Effect of bump height on flip-chip joint reliability using ACA (2002)

There are many parameters that influence the quality and reliability of flip-chip joints assembled using anisotropically conductive adhesives. In this study, the influence of bump height has been investigated. Electroless nickel/gold bumps of 4, 20, 40 and 70 /spl mu/m in height have been used. The chips have been assembled on FR-4 substrates using an anisotropically conductive adhesive and the samples have been subjected to temperature cycling from -40 to +125/spl deg/C. It has been concluded that the bump height is of importance for flip-chip joint quality and reliability. Theoretical calculations have been conducted to find the relationship between joint mechanical strength and bump height at various distances from the centre of the chip.
Hamiltonian Annealed Importance Sampling for partition function\n estimation (2012)

We introduce an extension to annealed importance sampling that uses\nHamiltonian dynamics to rapidly estimate normalization constants. We\ndemonstrate this method by computing log likelihoods in directed and undirected\nprobabilistic image models. We compare the performance of linear generative\nmodels with both Gaussian and Laplace priors, product of experts models with\nLaplace and Student's t experts, the mc-RBM, and a bilinear generative model.\nWe provide code to compare additional models.\n
Ethenolysis of Methyl Oleate in Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquids (2007)

Unsaturated vegetable oils are an attractive renewable feedstock, and the selective cleavage of unsaturated fatty esters is an important transformation in this respect. The efficient and selective cross-metathesis of methyl oleate with ethylene was achieved under mild conditions with ruthenium-alkylidene catalysts in toluene and room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) to give two important chemical intermediates, 1-decene and methyl 9-decenoate, without double-bond migration. As recovery of the catalyst is an important target with respect to industrial applications, catalyst recycling studies were also carried out in RTILs with the first-generation Hoveyda catalyst.
Cross-domain collaborative filtering over time (2011)

Collaborative filtering (CF) techniques recommend items to users based on their historical ratings. In real-world scenarios, user interests may drift over time since they are affected by moods, contexts, and pop culture trends. This leads to the fact that a user's historical ratings comprise many aspects of user interests spanning a long time period. However, at a certain time slice, one user's interest may only focus on one or a couple of aspects. Thus, CF techniques based on the entire historical ratings may recommend inappropriate items. In this paper, we consider modeling user-interest drift over time based on the assumption that each user has multiple counterparts over temporal domains and successive counterparts are closely related. We adopt the cross-domain CF framework to share the static group-level rating matrix across temporal domains, and let user-interest distribution over item groups drift slightly between successive temporal domains. The derived method is based on a Bayesian latent factor model which can be inferred using Gibbs sampling. Our experimental results show that our method can achieve state-of-the-art recommendation performance as well as explicitly track and visualize user-interest drift over time.
Synthesis of RTH-Type Zeolites Using a Diverse Library of Imidazolium Cations (2015)

RTH-type zeolites are promising catalytic materials for applications that include the important methanol-to-olefins (MTO) and NOX reduction reactions. Here, RTH-type zeolites are prepared using a wide-range of imidazolium-based, cationic organic structure directing agents (OSDAs), that greatly expand the methodologies and compositions that can be used to synthesize these materials. The abilities of the OSDAs to produce RTH-type zeolites agree well with results from molecular modeling studies of predicted stabilization energies of the OSDAs in the RTH framework. The RTH-type zeolites are stable to steaming up to 900 °C and are shown to be active MTO catalysts.
A Question-Answering Approach to Key Value Pair Extraction from Form-Like Document Images (2023)

In this paper, we present a new question-answering (QA) based key-value pair extraction approach, called KVPFormer, to robustly extracting key-value relationships between entities from form-like document images. Specifically, KVPFormer first identifies key entities from all entities in an image with a Transformer encoder, then takes these key entities as questions and feeds them into a Transformer decoder to predict their corresponding answers (i.e., value entities) in parallel. To achieve higher answer prediction accuracy, we propose a coarse-to-fine answer prediction approach further, which first extracts multiple answer candidates for each identified question in the coarse stage and then selects the most likely one among these candidates in the fine stage. In this way, the learning difficulty of answer prediction can be effectively reduced so that the prediction accuracy can be improved. Moreover, we introduce a spatial compatibility attention bias into the self-attention/cross-attention mechanism for KVPFormer to better model the spatial interactions between entities. With these new techniques, our proposed KVPFormer achieves state-of-the-art results on FUNSD and XFUND datasets, outperforming the previous best-performing method by 7.2% and 13.2% in F1 score, respectively.
Supplementary Tables 1-2,Characterization Data & References from A Simplified Synthesis of Novel Dictyostatin Analogues with <i>In Vitro</i> Activity against Epothilone B–Resistant Cells and Antiangiogenic Activity in Zebrafish Embryos (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-2,Characterization Data &amp; References from A Simplified Synthesis of Novel Dictyostatin Analogues with &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Activity against Epothilone B–Resistant Cells and Antiangiogenic Activity in Zebrafish Embryos
Mitochondria and oxygen homeostasis (2021)

Molecular oxygen possesses a dual nature due to its highly reactive free radical property: it is capable of oxidizing metabolic substrates to generate cellular energy, but can also serve as a substrate for genotoxic reactive oxygen species generation. As a labile substance upon which aerobic life depends, the mechanisms for handling cellular oxygen have been fine-tuned and orchestrated in evolution. Protection from atmospheric oxygen toxicity as originally posited by the Endosymbiotic Theory of the Mitochondrion is likely to be one basic principle underlying oxygen homeostasis. We briefly review the literature on oxygen homeostasis both in vitro and in vivo with a focus on the role of the mitochondrion where the majority of cellular oxygen is consumed. The insights gleaned from these basic mechanisms are likely to be important for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing strategies for maintaining health.
Reversing the stereochemistry of a Diels–Alder reaction: use of metalloporphyrin oligomers to control transition state stability (1998)

A cyclic Zn-porphyrin trimer with ethyne and butadiyne links stabilises the thermodynamically disfavoured endo transition state and product of a reversible Diels–Alder reaction; at 30°C the endo adduct is formed rapidly and almost exclusively. Linear porphyrin dimers containing ethyne or butadiyne links show related stereochemical preferences to the corresponding cyclic trimers; substantial rate accelerations are observed despite rotational freedom around the linkers. A qualitative correlation is observed between rate acceleration (i.e., transition state binding) and product binding, and the results are rationalised in terms of host geometry and flexibility.
Pathways for Oxygen Regulation and Homeostasis (2016)

In this Viewpoint, 2016 Lasker Award winners William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe, and Gregg Semenza discuss their discovery of pathways by which humans and other multicellular organisms sense and respond to changes in oxygen availability.
O ( 1 D) reaction with cyclopropane: Evidence of O atom insertion into the C–C bond (2001)

The O(1D)+C3H5 reaction has been investigated using the universal crossed molecular beam method. A number of reaction pathways have been observed. One of the most interesting channels is the H2CO/HCOH+C2H4 process, in which H2CO products are clearly identified. Experimental results indicate that the H2CO products are likely produced through a long-lived complex formation process, for which insertion of O(1D) into the C–C bond should be responsible.
60GHz transceiver circuits in SiGe bipolar technology (2004)

A 60GHz LNA, direct-downconverter, PA, and 20GHz VCO are built in a 200GHz f/sub t/,/f/sub max/, 0.12/spl mu/m SiGe technology. The 10.8mW LNA has 15dB gain, 3.4-4.4dB noise figure and -8.5dBm IIP3. The down converter has 16dB gain, >50dB LO-RF isolation, and 13.4-14.8dB noise figure. The PA delivers 10dBm at 9dB gain.
Supplementary material from "Silver–palladium catalysts for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide" (2017)

A series of bimetallic silver–palladium catalysts supported on titania were prepared by wet impregnation and assessed for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, and its subsequent side reactions. The addition of silver to a palladium catalyst was found to significantly decrease hydrogen peroxide productivity and hydrogenation, but crucially increase the rate of decomposition. The decomposition product; that is predominantly hydroxyl radicals can be used to decrease bacterial colonies. The interaction between silver and palladium was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The results of the TPR and XPS indicated the formation of a silver–palladium alloy. The optimal 1% Ag–4% Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> bimetallic catalyst was able to produce approximately 200 ppm of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in 30 min. The findings demonstrate that AgPd/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts are active for the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and its subsequent decomposition to reactive oxygen species. The catalysts are promising for use in wastewater treatment as they combine both the disinfectant properties of silver, hydrogen peroxide production and subsequent decomposition.
Smart Pixel Optical Computing Architectures (1993)

We describe five classes of smart pixel devices with increasing complexity and present an optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) smart pixel array having programmable amplifier, inverter, logic element, bistable switch or latch functions. These devices are used in transmissive and reflective architectures to implement reconfigurable processors, multiplexed shuffle networks, cellular hypercube processors or sorting networks.
Development of a novel test method for the measurement of fuzz in nonwovens (2021)

Quantitative evaluation of fuzz in nonwovens is of significant interest as nonwoven products are typically subjected to abrasion during service. In this work, the initial level of fuzz and its growth were quantified for polypropylene (PP) spunbond thermally point-bonded nonwovens in three different basis weights representing the range of nonwovens used in most disposable products. We used noncontact confocal laser microscopy coupled with three-dimensional image analysis to quantify the volume of fuzz. Fuzz data generated by using this novel test set-up was verified by statistical analysis, resulting in repeatable and reproducible results. This represents the first in a series of publications dedicated to the study of fuzz.
Incidence of benign prostate hypertrophy in Danish men with and without HIV infection (2015)

HIV-infected individuals do not have an increased risk of being diagnosed with BPH.