gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transparent Slanted Phase Gratings in Emissive Waveguides (2004)

A new front-illumination principle is demonstrated for use in energy efficient and bright reflective liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The new emissive waveguide principle presented is based on Bragg diffraction of waveguided light at a tuned holographic grating. The frontlight exhibits negligible image deterioration due to an excellent transparency and a high preference for (linearly polarized) light emission towards the display.
Energy Density Enhancement of a Merged-Energy-Buffer-based Two-Stage AC-DC Converter (2020)

This digest presents an improved design methodology to enhance the energy density of the recently proposed merged energy buffer used for twice-line frequency energy buffering in single phase ac-dc converters. The merged energy buffer architecture has been shown to enable high power density by enhancing the energy utilization of the buffer capacitor. The proposed design methodology further enhances this energy utilization by comprehensively examining the entire design space to minimize the overall passive volume of the energy buffer. An improved switching scheme is also presented for the line frequency switches of the merged energy buffer, which improves steady-state performance of the converter. Both the design methodology and the control strategy for the merged energy buffer are experimentally validated through a 150-W electrolytic-free offline LED driver. The optimized energy buffer achieves 28% passive volume reduction compared to the previously reported merged energy buffer.
Association of Surgical Margin Distance With Survival in Patients With Resected Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00424255.
ChemInform Abstract: Mononuclear, Dinuclear, and Trinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes of a Tris(bipyridine) Bridging Ligand: Syntheses, Absorption Spectra, Redox Potentials, and Photophysical Properties. (1990)

Abstract The ligand (I), previously used to prepare a hemicaged Ru(II) complex, is now used to bind one, two or three (Ru(bipy)2) 2+ units.
Some Factors Affecting the Production of Carotenoids by &lt;i&gt;Rhodotorula glutinis&lt;/i&gt; var. &lt;i&gt;glutinis&lt;/i&gt; (2012)

A new yeast strain isolated from pin cushion flower (Scabiosa atropurpura) in our laboratory was selected from 200 yeast isolates as carotenoids producer and identified as Rhodotorula glutinis var. glutinis. The selected isolate was grown in synthetic medium to study the effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio, sources of nitrogen and carbon, mineral salts and incubation temperature on carotenoids production. The results indicated the following optimal conditions: carbon to nitrogen ratio of 5, ammonium sulphate as nitrogen source, sucrose as carbon source, presence of zinc sulphate in the medium and cultivation temperature of 25?C. The studied factors affected the dry biomass as well as the proportion of carotenoids and consequently the colour of pellets of the yeast. The yeast strain was grown under the optimal conditions to study the changes occurring in the medium and the pellets during carotenoids production for 6 days. Carotenoids production started after the first day of incubation and most of the carotenoids content in the yeast cells was produced during stationary phase. The highest cellular (861 μg?g–1) and volumetric (1.9 mg?L–1) carotenoids content were ob- tained after 5 days of growth.
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Four-Gene Promoter Methylation Marker Panel Consisting of <i>GREM1, NEURL, LAD1,</i> and <i>NEFH</i> Predicts Survival of Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. Cause-specific overall survival curves for candidate genes in hospital-based ccRCC series (related to Supplementary Table S5). Kaplan-Meier curves of CSPG4 (A), KRT7 (B), QPCT (C), RGMA (D), and SORL1 (E) analyzed for overall survival in hospital-based series. Number at risk: number of patients surviving at each time point. U: unmethylated; M: methylated.&lt;/p&gt;
Deployment of Ground-based LHR Sensor for Greenhouse Gas Vertical Profile Measurements (2023)

Construction and automation of an observatory dome and LHR instrument for simultaneous detection of CO 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 O.
Infrared study of isotopic exchange during methanation over supported rhodium catalysts; an inverse spillover effect. Technical report (1985)

Infrared spectroscopy has been employed to study the reduction of carbon dioxide on supported catalyst films. The investigation included isotopic labeling using deuterium as the reduction gas. Isotopic exchange was observed for both carbon dioxide/D2 and methane/deuterium mixtures. The mechanism of this isotopic exchange involves migration of hydrogen from the support to the rhodium sites, an inverse spillover effect. A key intermediate in the dissociation of carbon dioxide on the supported Rh films was a carbonyl hydride species.
New therapeutic modalities and survival trends of lung carcinoma (2008)

7601 Background: Despite the development of new therapeutic modalities for lung carcinoma, the survival rates seem to be unchanged. This study examines the lung specific mortality and treatment strategies among patients diagnosed with lung cancer over fourteen- year period. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of inpatients with lung carcinoma, diagnosed respectively between 1992 and 2006. The patient populations were divided into two subgroups according to the time of diagnosis respectively 1992 - 1995, 1996 - 1999 and 2000–2003. Different treatment strategies, stage at diagnosis and baseline characteristics were reported. Using Chi-square test, different subgroups were compared to lung cancer specific mortality. Results: During 1992 and 2003, 1,156 patients with lung carcinoma were examined (716 male, 439 female, 805 Caucasian and 255 African American, mean age 68 ± 3.7 years). Among which 299, 297, 305 and 255 were respectively diagnosed during (1992 - 1995, 1996 - 1999, 2000–2003 and 2004–2005). They had correspondingly radiation therapy 314 (27.16%), surgery 311 (26.9%), combined radiation with chemotherapy 184 (15.92%), combined surgery with radiation 135 (11.68%) other combination therapies 95 (8.22%) while 117 (10.12%) received no treatment. Morphologies described as 54 (4.67%) NOS, 376 (32.52%) epithelial, 349 (30.2%) squamous, 338 (29.2%) adenocarcinoma. No statistically significant difference was identified between the survival rates of each subgroup within their frame periods respectively 28(9.36%), 32 (10.77%), 37 (8.24%) (Chi-square 1.26, 3 degree of freedom, p = 0.73). Conclusions: No decline in the rate of death from lung cancer was observed in spite of the introduction of new therapeutic modalities. This highlights the importance either of a promising screening and its combination with therapy which may improve the survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Development of a Power and Voltage Control Scheme for Multi-Port Solid State Transformers (2018)

Solid State Transformers (SSTs) are being considered as a replacement to the classic transformers especially for renewable energy and energy storage systems mainly due to their much smaller size and controllability and regulation over the transferred power. Multi-Port SSTs share one high frequency core for the isolation between several devices and hence are even more compact and efficient but the system is complex and the control of such a system is a challenge. This paper considers a four-port, MPSST connected to a renewable source, battery, load, and the grid and discusses various scenarios and operating points. It is shown that several factors including the ratio of the renewable power to the load, battery SOC status and role of the battery in the system change the desired power flow in the system and there are several control structure needed for each mode of operation. These modes of operation and the boundary between them are recognized and eventually a MIMO control scheme is suggested that includes several switches to changes the structure of the controller to adjust the controller structure to the operating condition. Eventually, input-output linearization technique has been adopted to the system to linearize the model and achieve a better control performance.
A 1 1/4 inch 8.3M pixel digital output CMOS APS for UDTV application (2003)

A 3936/spl times/2196 pixel CMOS APS has a 10 b column-based ADC. It operates at 49.5 MHz in a progressive scanning mode at 60 frames/s and achieves a 2000 TV line resolution, sensitivity of 4200 b/lux-s, and power consumption of less than 760 mW.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Esters of the Potent Antibacterial Trinems and Analogues. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fusing well-crafted feature descriptors for efficient fine-grained classification (2014)

As citizen science projects become more popular and engage an increasing number of volunteers, smartphones are turning into commonly used sensors in the biodiversity environment. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for classification of subordinate categories such as plant and insect species that is fast and suitable for use in mobile devices. In particular, we show that a combination of carefully designed features, including a robust shape descriptor to capture fine morphological structures of objects, as well as traditional color and texture features, is essential for obtaining good performance. A novel weighting technique assigns different costs to each feature, taking into account the inter-class and intra-class variation between species. We tested our proposed method in the popular Oxford Flower Dataset and in the Leeds Butterfly Dataset. We are able to achieve state-of-the-art accuracy while proposing an efficient approach that is suitable for mobile applications and can be applied to different species.
Orexin receptor antagonism: an ascending multiple-dose study with almorexant (2012)

The objectives of this study were to investigate the multiple-dose tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the dual orexin receptor antagonist almorexant. Healthy subjects received daily doses of almorexant (100, 200, 400 or 1000 mg) or placebo in the morning for four days followed by two days with evening administration (Days 5-6). Each dose level was investigated in a new group of 10 subjects (eight active, two placebo, 1:1 sex). Dose-dependent increases in frequency and intensity were observed for somnolence and other adverse events. Pharmacokinetics at steady state showed rapid absorption, low concentrations eight hours post-dose, and minimal accumulation. Following evening, administration absorption was delayed and C(max) decreased. Almorexant at 400 and 1000 mg administered in the morning reduced vigilance, alertness, visuomotor coordination, and motor coordination assessed in a psychometric test battery. Polysomnography recordings following evening administration showed a trend towards shorter latency to sleep stages 3 and 4, and shorter latency to, and longer time in, rapid-eye-movement sleep at higher doses when compared to placebo. Whether these findings in healthy subjects translate into relevant sleep-enabling effects in insomnia patients needs to be investigated in future studies.
One-pot syntheses of heterotelechelic α-vinyl,ω-methoxysilane polyethylenes and condensation into comb-like and star-like polymers with high chain end functionality (2020)

Crystalline and functional comb-like and star-like polyethylene architectures.
20-Gbit/s ASK wireless system in 300-GHz-band and front-ends with InP MMICs (2016)

We present a 20-Gbit/s ASK wireless system in the 300-GHz band for kiosk data downloading. The front-ends (transmitter and receiver) are manufactured by using InP-based monolithic microwave integrated circuits with high electron mobility transistors. We successfully demonstrate 20-Gbit/s data transmission using these front-ends at link distances from 50 cm to 1 m. The measured bit error rate is less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> up to the distance of 1 m.
Defining the Industrial Demilitarized Zone and Its Benefits for Mining Applications (2016)

There are many organizations and standard bodies that recommend segmenting the enterprise zone from the industrial zone by utilizing an industrial demilitarized zone (IDMZ). This paper will discuss the basic principles and purpose behind an IDMZ. Additionally, this paper will discuss various strategies and design considerations to help users understand their application requirements for the development and deployment of an IDMZ.
Preoperative Vestibular Function in Adults with Cochlear Implantation: Comparison between Prelingual and Poslingual Deafness (2014)

서 론 와우(cochlear)와 전정(vestibule
A low-area switched-resistor loop-filter technique for fractional-N synthesizers applied to a MEMS-based programmable oscillator (2010)

A fractional-N synthesizer is used in a programmable 1 to 115 MHz MEMS oscillator. A high gain phase detector lowers the impact of loop filter noise, and a switched-resistor loop filter avoids a charge pump and boosts effective resistance to save area. The entire synthesizer with LC-VCO occupies 0.31 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 0.18 ¿m CMOS. Chip consumption is 3.7 mA drawn from a 3.3 V supply for a 20 MHz output with no load.
Endothelial actin cytoskeleton in rat mesentery microvasculature (1994)

The actin cytoskeleton plays a key role in maintaining and modulating cellular morphology and thus is important in various aspects of endothelial cell function, yet few studies to date have studied the endothelial actin cytoskeleton in the microvasculature, where many of the specialized endothelial functions take place. We developed a method to fix and stain the microvasculature of the rat mesentery under physiological conditions and used a confocal microscope to observe the pattern of actin filaments in individual endothelial cells throughout the intact vascular network. We observed several distinct patterns of actin filaments in the endothelial cells depending on the caliber and type of vessel. The endothelial cells of large arterioles and venules (> 50 microns in diameter) displayed a prominent circumferential rim of actin, with few central actin fibers. Endothelium of midsized (20-50 microns) arterioles (and some midsized venules) displayed prominent abluminal actin fibers across the central portion of the cell, aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, in addition to a peripheral rim of actin. The endothelium of capillaries contained few actin fibers but instead typically displayed diffuse staining throughout the cell. The endothelial cells in the postcapillary venules generally displayed a thin peripheral rim of actin and occasional short central fibers. These results indicate that the local environment dictates the actin pattern in endothelial cells and suggests that specialized endothelial function is correlated with specialized endothelial actin architecture.
Electric Wheelchair Control Interface Using Tactile Sensors on an Armrest (2018)

The purpose of this research is to provide a control interface with less body movement than joysticks, which have been used to control electric wheelchairs. The force applied to the wheelchair armrest by the user was used for controlling the wheelchair. We used tactile sensors that measured three axis force, which is normal force and shear forces in two directions. The user placed his arm on the armrest, on which four tactile sensors were fixed, and shear forces were measured by the tactile sensors. The averaged shear forces in the anteroposterior and lateral directions were used as the input of translational and turning speed of the wheelchair, respectively.
Hybrid myosin light chains containing a calcium‐specific site from troponin C (1992)

Recombinant DNA approaches have allowed us to probe the mechanisms by which the regulatory light chains (RLCs) regulate myosin function by identifying the functional importance of specific regions of the RLC molecule. For example, we have demonstrated that the presence of high-affinity Ca2+/Mg(2+)-binding site in the N-terminal domain of the RLC is essential for the regulation of myosin-actin interaction [Reinach, F. C., Nagai, K. & Kendrick-Jones, J. (1986) Nature 322, 80-83]. To explore further the role of this metal-binding site in the RLC and generate an RLC with a Ca(2+)-specific site, we constructed four chicken skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain hybrid 'genes'. In these, the first domain containing the high-affinity Ca2+/Mg(2+)-binding site in the RLC was replaced with that containing the lower-affinity, Ca(2+)-specific, regulatory site from troponin C (TnC). In two of these hybrids, we replaced only the Ca(2+)-binding EF hand, while in the other two the EF hand and the N-terminal helix of TnC were transplanted. These hybrids were expressed in Escherichia coli in high yields and the purified proteins were used in calcium-binding experiments to assay the affinity and specificity of the sites and incorporated into scallop myosin to assay their regulatory behaviour. The results obtained show that the calcium-binding site from TnC, when transplanted into the RLC backbone, had a low affinity although most of its specificity appeared to be retained. As a result, although the TnC/RLC hybrids bound to scallop myosin and were able to activate the MgATPase activity of scallop acto-myosin, they were unable to regulate it. These results are in agreement with our previous findings that occupancy of the Ca2+/Mg2+ site in the RLC is essential for regulation. Our results suggest that the specificity and affinity of the calcium-binding site in troponin C is dependent on both intra- and inter-domain interactions within troponin C and that these latter interactions appear to be missing when this binding site is transplanted into the light chain backbone.
Ultrafast Dynamics of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Dispersed in Polymer Films (2004)

Wavelength-resolved femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy is used to follow the electronic dynamics of single-walled carbon nanotubes in polymers following visible photoexcitation. Electron-hole (e-h) pairs give rise to sharp features in the transient spectra that decay in amplitude and exhibit rapid spectral shifts. The decay reflects (e-h) recombination on both short (1.3 ps) and long (35 ps) time scales. Transient spectra also exhibit a broad photobleach at early times that arises from the cooling of a hot electron gas created via excitation at the red edge of a pi-plasmon band.
Effect Of Haemodialysis On Intra Dialytic Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Levels In Relation To Autonomic Nervous System Activity (2004)

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is common in uremia and in patients under hemodialysis. 
	Changes in serum calcium, serum phosphorus and serum magnesuim always occur during hemodialysis. The relation between these changes and autonomic nervous system activity during hemodialysis has not been fully studied. 
	This study was carried out on 30 patients with chronic renal failure on regular hemo- dialysis with nearly similar age group. We measured serum calcium, serum phosphorus and serum magnesium throughout the session (at predialysis state, middialysis state: after 2 hours of the session and postdialysis: at the end of the hemodialysis Session). We have also assessed autonomic function (sympathetic by cold pressor test and parasympathetic by Valsalva maneuver test). Autonomic function tests were assessed at predialysis state, middialysis state and postdialysis state. 
	Calcuim level uncreased throughout the session (P<0.05), phosphorus leuel and Magnesium levels decreased , (P<0.001) and (P<0.05), throghout session . 
	As reguards parasympathetie dysfunetion, there was a significamt relation (P<0.05) with calcuim changes at predialytic and post dialytic states, a highly significant relation (P<0.001) with phosphorus and (P<0.05) with magnesiun, both at predialysis states. 
	Concerging sympathetie dysfunction, there was a significant relation (P<0.05) with calcium levels at end of session. There was a signifcant relation (P<0.05) with predialytic and postdialytic phosphorus levels .There was also significant relation (P<0.05 ) with predialytic magnesium level.
Optical Bistability In Evaporated Thin Films Of CDs (1989)

We report on optical bistability in thin films of evaporated CdS at 514 nm. The main mechanism is traced back to thermally induced increasing absorption. Besides all optical devices, externally controlled SEED structures are realized &apos;by integrated electrical con-tacts. Experimental results on the steady-state and the dynamic behavior of both types of elements are presented.
Extracting Paraphrases from Definition Sentences on the Web (2011)

We propose an automatic method of extracting paraphrases from definition sentences, which are also automatically acquired from the Web. We observe that a huge number of concepts are defined in Web documents, and that the sentences that define the same concept tend to convey mostly the same information using different expressions and thus contain many paraphrases. We show that a large number of paraphrases can be automatically extracted with high precision by regarding the sentences that define the same concept as parallel cor-pora. Experimental results indicated that with our method it was possible to extract about 300,000 paraphrases from 6 × 108 Web docu-ments with a precision rate of about 94%. 1
Randomly phosphorylated polystyrene derivatives interact with RNA polymerase II transcription factors: Part I (1997)

Insoluble functional synthetic random copolymers are able to develop at their surfaces specific interactions with biologic components. Crosslinked phosphorylated polystyrene derivatives were previously shown to mimic DNA antigen because they interacted with anti-DNA antibodies found in the sera of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. These biospecific surfaces were postulated to be able to bind other DNA-binding proteins such as RNA polymerase II transcription factors. Indeed, these proteins play a major role in gene regulation in mammalian cells. This hypothesis was checked by adsorption and elution of HeLa cell nuclear extracts on a 72% phosphorylated resin. The composition of the eluted fractions were analyzed by electrophoresis, and the biologic activity of the transcription factors was tested using an in vitro transcription assay. The results showed that USF, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and TFIIB were specifically adsorbed on the polymer and that all eluted factors kept their biologic activity. Therefore, randomly phosphorylated polystyrene derivatives may be useful for the fractionation of RNA polymerase II transcription factors.
Some considerations on guidelines for bilingual alignment and terminology extraction (2002)

Despite progress in the development of computational means, human input is still critical in the production of consistent and useable aligned corpora and term banks. This is especially true for specialized corpora and term banks whose end-users are often professionals with very stringent requirements for accuracy, consistency and coverage. In the compilation of a high quality Chinese-English legal glossary for ELDoS project, we have identified a number of issues that make the role human input critical for term alignment and extraction. They include the identification of low frequency terms, paraphrastic expressions, discontinuous units, and maintaining consistent term granularity, etc. Although manual intervention can more satisfactorily address these issues, steps must also be taken to address intra- and inter-annotator inconsistency.