gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dehydration-Induced Proteome Changes in the Rat Hypothalamo-Neurohypophyseal System (2007)

The hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS) mediates neuroendocrine responses to dehydration through the action of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin (VP). VP is synthesized as part of a prepropeptide in magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus. This precursor is processed during transport to axon terminals in the posterior pituitary gland, in which biologically active VP is stored until mobilized for secretion by electrical activity evoked by osmotic cues. During release, VP travels through the blood stream to specific receptor targets located in the kidney in which it increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water, reducing the renal excretion of water, thus promoting water conservation. The HNS undergoes a dramatic function-related plasticity during dehydration. We hypothesize that alterations in steady-state protein levels might be partially responsible for this remodeling. We investigated dehydration-induced changes in the SON and pituitary neurointermediate lobe (NIL) proteomes using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis. Seventy proteins were altered by dehydration, including 45 in the NIL and 25 in the SON. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, we identified six proteins in the NIL (four down, two up) and nine proteins in the SON (four up, five down) that are regulated as a consequence of chronic dehydration. Results for five of these proteins, namely Hsp1alpha (heat shock protein 1alpha), NAP22 (neuronal axonal membrane protein 22), GRP58 (58 kDa glucose regulated protein), calretinin, and ProSAAS (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor), have been confirmed using independent methods such as semiquantitative Western blotting, two-dimensional Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and immunohistochemistry. These proteins may have roles in regulating and effecting HNS remodeling.
Picosecond optoelectronic study of superconducting microstrip transmission lines (1995)

The ballistic transport of picosecond digital signals along terminated microstrip lines is a key feature of single flux quantum (SFQ) logic. In this work, we have used fast photoconductors driven by a femtosecond laser to measure directly for the first time the propagation and termination of picosecond pulses along Nb microstrip lines. Electrical pulses as short as 0.8 ps full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) have been measured. After propagating distances of 200 /spl mu/m, 1 mm, and 6.5 mm, the pulses broadened to 1.0, 1.2, and 1.8 ps (FWHM), respectively. In the frequency domain, attenuation is found to be negligible up to the gap frequency of Nb(0.7 THz), beyond which attenuation increases rapidly. We have also measured the reflections of the picosecond pulses off different terminations: open circuit, short circuit, and various resistors. The effective suppression of reflections with matched resistive loads is demonstrated up to frequencies approaching 1 THz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Role of Intra-Tumoral Heterogeneity and Its Clinical Relevance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis (2019)

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer, due in large part to recurrent tumors. Recurrences tend to have metastasized, mainly in the peritoneal cavity and developed resistance to the first line chemotherapy. Key to the progression and ultimate lethality of ovarian cancer is the existence of extensive intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH). In this review, we describe the genetic and epigenetic changes that have been reported to give rise to different cell populations in ovarian cancer. We also describe at length the contributions made to heterogeneity by both linear and parallel models of clonal evolution and the existence of cancer stem cells. We dissect the key biological signals from the tumor microenvironment, both directly from other cell types in the vicinity and soluble or circulating factors. Finally, we discuss the impact of tumor heterogeneity on the choice of therapeutic approaches in the clinic. Variability in ovarian tumors remains a major barrier to effective therapy, but by leveraging future research into tumor heterogeneity, we may be able to overcome this barrier and provide more effective, personalized therapy to patients.
P2‐346: Diabetes mellitus exacerbated learning impairment via cerebrovascular inflammation and disturbance of brain insulin signaling in Alzheimer mouse models with diabetes (2010)

Recent epidemiological studies suggest that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease. However, the underlying mechanisms for this association remain unknown. In this study, to better understand the pathophysiological interaction between these diseases, we generated novel animal models which reflect the pathologic conditions of both diseases and analyzed their metabolic and Alzheimer-like pathology. We crossed Alzheimer APP transgenic mice (APP23) with two types of diabetic mice (ob/ob and NSY mice), and established novel diabetic Alzheimer mouse models. We examined metabolic phenotypes (body weight, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test) and AD-like phenotypes (cognitive function: Morris water maze, brain amyloid burden and other neuropathologies) of these animals. In some studies, mice were fed high-fat diet to induce more severe diabetic phenotypes. The onset of diabetic symptoms exacerbated Alzheimer-like cognitive dysfunction without increasing brain amyloid-beta burden. Notably, these cross-bred mice showed cerebrovascular inflammation, severe amyloid angiopathy, and impaired brain insulin signaling. On the other hand, the cross-bred mice showed more prominent diabetic phenotypes compared with original diabetic mice. We observed a significant positive correlation between brain amyloid-beta burden and severity of glucose intolerance, suggesting that amyloid pathology could aggravate diabetic conditions. In these cross-bred mice, insulin sensitivity of peripheral organs (liver and skeletal muscles) was significantly decreased. Here, we created novel diabetic Alzheimer mouse models with early onset of cognitive dysfunction. Cerebrovascular changes and alteration in brain insulin signaling might play a pivotal role in this relationship. Our findings suggest the presence of mutual interaction between Alzheimer disease and diabetes, and may reveal novel insights into this intensely debated pathological association.
Inhibition of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase by Phenylpyropenes Produced by Penicillium griseofulvum F1959 (2008)

Phenylpyropenes A, B, and C, isolated from Penicillium griseofulvum F1959, inhibited DGAT in rat liver microsomes with IC50 values of 78.7+/-1.6, 21.7+/-0.2, and 11.04+/-0.2 mM, respectively. In addition, a kinetic analysis using a Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that phenylpyropene C was a noncompetitive inhibitor of DGAT. The apparent Michaelis constant (Km) value and inhibition constant (Ki) value were calculated to be 8 mM and 10.4 mM, respectively. Moreover, phenylpyropene C inhibited triglyceride formation in HepG2 cells.
Large staring IRFPAs of HgCdTe on alternative substrates (1991)

PACE-I HgCdTe, an industry-leading intrinsic detector technology for developing large, high performance IR focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) in the MWIR (3-5 microns) spectral band, is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on hybrid HgCdTe 256 x 256 IRFPAs and the status of 640 x 480 hybrid HgCdTe FPA.
Contrastive Siamese Network for Semi-supervised Speech Recognition (2022)

This paper introduces contrastive siamese (c-siam) network, an architecture for leveraging unlabeled acoustic data in speech recognition. c-siam is the first network that extracts high-level linguistic information from speech by matching outputs of two identical transformer encoders. It contains augmented and target branches which are trained by: (1) masking inputs and matching outputs with a contrastive loss, (2) incorporating a stop gradient operation on the target branch, (3) using an extra learnable transformation on the augmented branch, (4) introducing new temporal augment functions to prevent the shortcut learning problem. We use the Libri-light 60k unsupervised data and the LibriSpeech 100hrs/960hrs supervised data to compare c-siam and other best-performing systems. Our experiments show that c-siam provides 20% relative word error rate improvement over wav2vec baselines. A c-siam network with 450M parameters achieves competitive results compared to the state-of-the-art networks with 600M parameters.
Compensation For Gain Nonuniformity And Nonlinearity In Hgcdte Infrared Charge-Coupled-Device Focal Planes (1987)

Infrared CCD arrays generally require a compensation for the effect of gain and offset variation among the individual detectors of the array. Linear compensation techniques do not suffice for focal planes that exhibit a large nonlinearity of response combined with order-of-magnitude variations in threshold and saturation flux levels. This situation is common among hybrid architecture CCDs, particularly when HgCdTe is the detector material. This paper reports on a multipoint piecewise-linear correction scheme employed on a HgCdTe infrared CCD focal plane. This technique allows a compensated response to be obtained in a computationally efficient manner. An experimental relationship between the number of calibration points and the amount of residual fixed-pattern noise is presented and compared to previous analytical models.
Take your own share of the PIE (2017)

In this paper, we propose the PVPIE Active Queue Management (AQM) method that combines the packet scheduling and dropping algorithms of PIE AQM and the packet marking-based resource sharing of the Per Packet Value (PPV) concept. The algorithm calculates dropping probabilities needed for keeping the queueing delay at a predefined level using the PIE algorithm. Then instead of applying this drop probability directly on incoming packets it translates the dropping probability to a Congestion Threshold Value (CTV) filter and drops (or marks) all incoming packets with Packet Value smaller than the threshold. The translation is based on statistics collected about Packet Values of incoming packets. Our evaluation based on simulations shows that PVPIE AQM combines the benefits of PIE and PPV concepts, keeping a target queueing delay and implementing policy-based resource sharing at the same time. The motivation for the proposed algorithm is simplicity and ease of deployment in real networks, since the schedulers of the original PPV approach need to perform drops from the middle of the queue. Such drops may be costly and may not be supported by current hardware.
Manufacturing of Composite Material Made of Aluminum Matrix Reinforced by Carbon Nanotubes by the Way of Hot Pressing Following by Cold Rolling (2014)

The method of manufacturing Al-CNT composite by hot pressing and cold rolling was tried out. Composite with a tensile strength as well as tensile strength of middle strength aluminum alloys was made
Immuno-potentiating Effects of the Antler-shaped Fruiting Body ofGanoderma lucidum(Rokkaku-Reishi) (2004)

The immuno-potentiating effects of the antler-shaped fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum (Rokkaku-Reishi, RR), which has been used as a traditional supplement for human health, were investigated in mice. BALB/c mice were administered orally with RR for 3 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by splenocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined on day 4. The oral administration of 500 mg/kg of RR resulted in a significant increase (p<0.05) in IFN-gamma production. Stimulation of splenic adherent cells from these mice with LPS also resulted in a significant increase (p<0.05) in interleukin-12 (IL-12) production compared with that from the control mice, suggesting that splenic macrophages were activated by RR administration. Furthermore, 500 mg/kg of RR administered for 14 days resulted in a significant increase (p<0.05) in IFN-gamma production by splenocytes in response to both LPS and concanavalin A (Con A). These results suggest that not only splenic macrophages but also T cells were activated by the long-term treatment with RR in vivo. On the other hand, the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), which is known as an allergic disease-related cytokine, was not affected by the long-term treatment with RR. Our results suggest that the oral administration of RR resulted in Th1-associated immuno-potentiating activities in vivo.
Endoscopic Retreatment Compared with Surgery in Patients with Recurrent Bleeding after Initial Endoscopic Control of Bleeding Ulcers (1999)

In patients with peptic ulcers and recurrent bleeding after initial endoscopic control of bleeding, endoscopic retreatment reduces the need for surgery without increasing the risk of death and is associated with fewer complications than is surgery.
Plasmonic Nanoparticle Integration with Si Back Contact Solar Cells (2013)

This work analyses the advantages and disadvantages of strategies for the integration of silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) based plasmonic structures in Interdigitated Back Contact Solar Cells (IBC). The strategies studied consist in placing Ag NPs on either the front or the rear surface of the cell, or embedding them in an antireflection coating. It is shown that in all cases NPs give rise to light trapping which increases spectral response. It is also found that front surface NPs lead to unavoidable Fano interference losses which lead to a net decrease in photocurrent. The placing of NPs on the rear surface eliminated this problem, yielding a net increase in photocurrent. The successful implementation of rear surface NPs is described with regards to avoiding associated shunt resistance paths, and the application of the rear surface plasmonic layer technique as a function of silicon cell thickness is discussed.
Array of time reversal transceivers: An application to acoustic focusing (2019)

Time reversal is an efficient method to focus a wave whatever the complexity of the propagation medium. Twenty years ago, it has been applied to focus acoustically a wave in a room. Here, in a first part, we present a new prototype of time reversal mirror made of up to 32 time-reversal transceivers. This new architecture with direct memory writing/reading allows to perform time reversal even with a low power computer unit. Realtime time-reversal algorithms to pre-process an acoustic audio stream is described. In the second part, we show that this device is able to remotely focus an elastic wave on a plate. The focusing is analyzed using the DORT method.
Increased Carrier Prevalence Of Deficient Cyp2C9 , Cyp2C19 and Cyp2D6 Alleles in Depressed Patients Referred to a Tertiary Psychiatric Hospital (2008)

These findings reveal that clinically relevant CYP2C9 polymorphisms occur more frequently in depressed psychiatric patients than in nonpsychiatric controls. The same trend was found for polymorphisms in the CYP2D6 gene. We found a significant cumulative metabolic deficiency in the psychiatric population for combinations of the CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 genes. The significant enrichment of CYP2C9-deficient alleles in the psychiatric population validates a previously reported association of this gene with the risk for depression disorders. The high prevalence of carriers with deficient and null alleles suggests that CYP450 DNA typing may play a role in the management of psychiatric patients at tertiary care institutions.
Molecular Oncology (2013)

The genomic era has allowed enormous strides in our understanding of the molecular changes that underlie malignant transformation. Mutations have been discovered that are critical drivers of large cross-sections of human cancers. These discoveries have allowed us to find drugs that target these drivers and make important strides in treatment. Genomics and high-throughput technologies have illuminated the complexity of cancer and the facility with which cancers adapt during their natural history. The field is evolving rapidly with new discoveries and new drugs reported monthly. This book is a timely foundation for understanding in context the origins of molecular oncology and its future directions. The content reviews available technologies for the analysis of cancer tissues and genes; summaries of key oncogenic pathways from a molecular perspective; the technologies, pathways and targeted therapies of a wide range of human malignancies; and new pharmacologic therapies that have a common mechanistic target.
Transcription of T cell antigen receptor genes is induced by protein kinase C activation. (1988)

The regulation of expression of the TCR-alpha and -beta genes was studied in the human T cell tumor line Jurkat. Treatment of the cells with PMA was shown to decrease the surface expression of the TCR-alpha/beta/CD3 complex. Subsequent to PMA-induced modulation of the TCR/CD3 complex, increases in the mRNA levels of both the TCR-alpha and -beta genes were observed reaching a maximum 12 h after stimulation. Other T cell activators were also examined for their ability to increase TCR-alpha and -beta mRNA expression. Only agents that activate protein kinase C were shown to induce expression of the TCR-alpha and -beta genes. The observed increases in TCR-alpha and -beta gene mRNA levels were not the result of a uniquely derived Jurkat subline. Similar inductions of TCR-alpha and -beta mRNA levels were observed in an independently maintained Jurkat cell line. In both cell lines, elevations of TCR gene expression was accompanied by a decline in the expression of the c-myc proto-oncogene. PMA induction of TCR-alpha and -beta mRNA was shown to occur in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The 1.6-kb TCR-alpha and the 1.0-kb D beta J beta C beta TCR-beta gene transcripts were fully induced in the presence of cycloheximide, whereas the 1.3-kb V beta D beta J beta C beta transcript was only partly induced in the presence of cycloheximide. Run-on transcription assays demonstrated that the increase in TCR-alpha and -beta mRNA levels could be entirely accounted for by increases in the transcription rate of both genes after PMA induction. Thus, in summary, protein kinase C stimulation leads to TCR-alpha/beta modulation in Jurkat cells and an increase in steady state TCR-alpha and -beta mRNA levels as a result of transcriptional activation of both genes.
DMT analysis of opportunistic multi-relay network with different relaying capabilities (2010)

Relay selection is known to simplify signaling, avoid complex synchronization schemes, and also preserve the spatial diversity provided by the total number of relays available in the network. In this paper we investigate the effect of introducing relays of different types (relaying capabilities). We analyze opportunistic relay selection schemes in a heterogeneous multi-relay network with a single source, single destination with the existence of a direct link. The DMT for each network is calculated and it is shown that the new system enjoys the the benefits of the different relaying schemes at low and high multiplexing gains.
Rat interferon enhances the expression of acetycholine receptors in rat myotubes in culture (1988)

Interferon enhances alpha-bungarotoxin binding on 5-day-old rat myotubes. The increase is time- and dose-dependent. KD for alpha-bungarotoxin remains unchanged in the presence and in the absence of interferon, while the maximum number of binding sites is dramatically affected by interferon. Cycloheximide inhibits the effect of interferon, which suggests that the enhancement of alpha-bungarotoxin binding depends on protein synthesis.
Performance analysis of time synchronization precision of PTP in smart substations (2015)

The precision time protocol (PTP) is fundamentally recommended in smart substations, which could potentially result in further weakening the power system. However, defects of domestic PTP devices restrict the spread of the application of PTP in smart substations. In this paper, the computation of the PTP offset in different clock modes from the two editions of 1588 standards is analyzed theoretically. Test platforms are built to study the timing accuracy of PTP performance under certain circumstances. Especially, a time synchronizing precision test is conducted under the network dataflow including certain messages like PTP, Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) and Sampled Value (SV). In terms of synchronizing precision and stability, the “PTP straight link” test shows that P2P is better than E2E, and that ETH is better than UDP. And the effect of boundary and transparent clock shows that the one-step “P2P-ETH” transparent clock will fulfill the application requirement in smart substation. The last test indicates that the network traffic which consists of such messages enlarge the jitter of PTP synchronization. And comprehensively, the one-step “P2P-ETH” transparent clock is suitable in smart substation.
Imaging vasculature independent of direction of flow using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (2007)

A variation to the analysis of phase data achieved with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) is presented. By using the variance of the phase changes observed in the OCT images, scatterer motion has been imaged which is not readily observable with conventional Doppler OCT techniques. Dynamic motion contrast has been demonstrated for imaging Brownian motion of a sample system as well as imaging vasculature of <i>in vivo</i> 3dpf zebrafish.
Observations and Lessons Learned From the Artificial Intelligence Studies for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening (2019)

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