gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue Engineered Tumor Microvessels to Study the Role of Flow Shear Stress on Endothelial Barrier Function (2013)

As solid tumors develop, a variety of physical stresses arise including growth induced compressive force, matrix stiffening due to desmoplasia, and increased interstitial fluid pressure and altered flow patterns due to leaky vasculature and poor lymphatic drainage [1]. These microenvironmental stresses likely contribute to the abnormal cell behavior that drives tumor progression, and have become an increasingly significant area of cancer research. Of particular importance, is the role of flow shear stress on tumor-endothelial signaling, vascular function, and angiogenesis. Compared to normal vasculature, blood vessels in tumors are poorly functional due to dysregulated expression of angiogenic growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the angiopoietins. Also, because of the abnormal vessel structure, blood velocities can be an order of magnitude lower than that of normal microvessels. Recently published work utilizing intravital microscopy to measure blood velocities in mouse mammary fat pad tumors, demonstrated for the first time that shear rate gradients in tumors may help guide branching and growth of new vessels [2]. However, much still remains unknown about how shear stress regulates endothelial organization, permeability, or expression of growth factors within the context of the tumor microenvironment.
Dynamic Scheduling with Narrow Operand Values (2005)

It is shown that the joint behaviour of n counting processes can be used for description of neuronal spike generation in a system of n neurons with various synaptic links. This multidimensional process is suggested as a model of neuronal activity evoked by either a homogeneous or an inhomogeneous stimulus during a short time period. Several situations are considered, mainly the joint activity of pairs of neurons. The probability generating functions of the process are obtained for different kinds of intensity functions. The first and second moments of the process are provided as a tool for potential comparison of the model with experimental data.
Author response: Nanoscopic anatomy of dynamic multi-protein complexes at membranes resolved by graphene-induced energy transfer (2020)

Proteins are part of the building blocks of life and are essential for structure, function and regulation of every cell, tissue and organ of the body. Proteins adopt different conformations to work efficiently within the various environments of a cell. They can also switch between shapes. One way to monitor how proteins change their shapes involves energy transfer. This approach can measure how close two proteins, or two parts of the same protein, are, by using dye labels that respond to each other when they are close together. For example, in a method called FRET, one dye label absorbs light and transfers the energy to the other label, which emits it as a different color of light. However, FRET only works over short distances (less than 10nm apart or 1/100,000th of a millimeter), so it is not useful for larger proteins. Here, Füllbrunn, Li et al. developed a method called GIET that uses graphene to analyze the dynamic structures of proteins on membrane surfaces. Graphene is a type of carbon nanomaterial that can absorb energy from dye labels and could provide a way to study protein interactions over longer distances. Graphene was deposited on a glass surface where it was coated with single layer of membrane, which could then be used to capture specific proteins. The results showed that GIET worked over longer distances (up to 30 nm) than FRET and could be used to study proteins attached to the membrane around graphene. Füllbrunn, Li et al. used it to examine a specific complex of proteins called HOPS, which is linked to multiple diseases, including Ebola, measuring distances between the head or tail of HOPS and the membrane to understand protein shapes. This revealed that HOPS adopts an upright position on membranes and alternates between open and closed shapes. The study of Füllbrunn, Li et al. highlights the ability of GIET to address unanswered questions about the function of protein complexes on membrane surfaces and sheds new light on the structural dynamics of HOPS in living cells. As it allows protein interactions to be studied over much greater distances, GIET could be a powerful new tool for cell biology research. Moreover, graphene is also useful in electron microscopy and both approaches combined could achieve a detailed structural picture of proteins in action.
Combined Longitudinal and Lateral Control for Automated Lane Guidance of Full Drive-by-Wire Vehicles (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents a simultaneous longitudinal and lateral motion control strategy for a full drive-by-wire autonomous vehicle. A nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) problem is formulated in which the nonlinear prediction model utilizes a spatial transformation to derive the dynamics of the vehicle about the reference trajectory, which facilitates the acquisition of the tracking errors at varying speeds. A reference speed profile generator is adopted by taking account of the road geometry information, such that the lateral stability is guaranteed and the lane guidance performance is improved. Finally, the nonlinear multi-variable optimization problem is simplified by considering only three motion control efforts, which are strictly confined within a convex set and are readily distributed to the four tires of a full drive-by-wire vehicle. Simulation results demonstrate the capability of the proposed controller to follow the reference trajectory while adjusting the vehicle speed automatically.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Comparative Study on Adhesive Performance of Functional Monomers (2004)

Mild self-etch adhesives demineralize dentin only partially, leaving hydroxyapatite around collagen within a submicron hybrid layer. We hypothesized that this residual hydroxyapatite may serve as a receptor for chemical interaction with the functional monomer and, subsequently, contribute to adhesive performance in addition to micro-mechanical hybridization. We therefore chemically characterized the adhesive interaction of 3 functional monomers with synthetic hydroxyapatite, using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. We further characterized their interaction with dentin ultra-morphologically, using transmission electron microscopy. The monomer 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) readily adhered to hydroxyapatite. This bond appeared very stable, as confirmed by the low dissolution rate of its calcium salt in water. The bonding potential of 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic acid (4-MET) was substantially lower. The monomer 2-methacryloxyethyl phenyl hydrogen phosphate (phenyl-P) and its bond to hydroxyapatite did not appear to be hydrolytically stable. Besides self-etching dentin, specific functional monomers have additional chemical bonding efficacy that is expected to contribute to their adhesive potential to tooth tissue.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploratory Photochemistry of Fluorinated Aryl Azides. Implications for the Design of Photoaffinity Labeling Reagents. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analytical Evaluation and Potentials of Frame Based Equipment for LTE-LAA/Wi-Fi Coexistence (2019)

International audience
Sustainable electrochemical energy storage devices using natural bast fibres (2023)

Naturally abundant materials play a crucial role in the development of sustainable electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices including batteries and supercapacitors (SCs). This is due to limited available resources with regards to energy storage materials, and the environmental pollution produced by the toxic materials utilized in conventional EESs. In the current review, development in the field of natural bast fibres (jute, flax, hemp and kenaf) based EES devices performances is highlighted. This review emphasizes methods such as the direct use of modified fibres and activated carbon from biomass for the design of EES devices. Activated fibres were developed using both physical and chemical activation methods. Key challenges including active electrode materials preparation, capacitive retention, and the implementation of the fibre based EES devices are critically discussed. Furthermore, the recent surge in the use of wearables and portable technologies that demand further development of flexible/non-flexible EES devices are also explored. Future trends and perspectives on materials development, power management interface, recycling, biodegradability and circular economy are also addressed. It is concluded that the development of new renewable energy systems using bast fibres has many remarkable advances in device performance. For this, an innovative approach is required to develop high energy density bast fibre based sustainable EES devices which will be potentially implemented for clean energy solutions.
Artificial intelligence in cardiothoracic surgery (2020)

The tremendous and rapid technological advances that humans have achieved in the last decade have definitely impacted how surgical tasks are performed in the operating room (OR). As a high-tech work environment, the contemporary OR has incorporated novel computational systems into the clinical workflow, aiming to optimize processes and support the surgical team. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly important for surgical decision making to help address diverse sources of information, such as patient risk factors, anatomy, disease natural history, patient values and cost, and assist surgeons and patients to make better predictions regarding the consequences of surgical decisions. In this review, we discuss the current initiatives that are using AI in cardiothoracic surgery and surgical care in general. We also address the future of AI and how high-tech ORs will leverage human-machine teaming to optimize performance and enhance patient safety.
T epidisphaeraceae (2019)

Abstract Te.pi.di.sphae.ra.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n. Tepidisphaera , type genus of the family; suff. ‐aceae ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n. Tepidisphaeraceae , the family of Tepidisphaera . Cells are Gram‐negative. Occur as single cocci or form shapeless aggregates. Divide by binary fission and have no observable peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall and no invaginations of the cytoplasmic membrane. Neutrophiles, moderate thermophiles. Aerobes, facultative anaerobes. Grow on a wide range of carbohydrates. Do not require NaCl for growth. The cellular fatty acid profiles consist mainly of iso and anteiso acids (iso‐C 16:0 , anteiso‐C 15:0 , and anteiso‐C 17:0 ). The major quinone is MK‐6. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 53 (genome sequence). Type genus : Tepidisphaera Kovaleva, Merkel, Novikov, Baslerov, Toshchakov and Bonch‐Osmolovskaya 2015, 553 VP . Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the family Tepidisphaeraceae is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Planctomycetota / Phycisphaerae / Tepidisphaerales / Tepidisphaeraceae Tepidisphaeraceae could not be recovered in GTDB ** . * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Monocytes Improve Cognitive Deficits and Reduce Amyloid-β Pathology in PSAPP Mice (2015)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the fourth major cause of mortality in the elderly in the US and the leading cause of dementia worldwide. While pharmacological targets have been discovered, there are no true disease-modifying therapies. We have recently discovered that multiple low-dose infusions of human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) ameliorate cognitive impairments and reduce Aβ-associated neuropathology in PSAPP transgenic mice. However, the mechanism for these effects of HUCBCs remains unclear. In the present study, we examined whether monocytes, as important components of HUCBCs, would have beneficial outcomes on the reduction of AD-like pathology and associated cognitive impairments in PSAPP transgenic AD model mice. PSAPP mice and their wild-type littermates were treated monthly with an infusion of peripheral human umbilical cord blood cell (HUCBC)-derived monocytes over a period of 2 and 4 months, followed by behavioral evaluations, biochemical, and histological analyses. The principal findings of the present study confirmed that monocytes derived from HUCBCs (CB-M) play a central role in HUCBC-mediated cognition-enhancing and Aβ pathology-ameliorating activities. Most importantly, we found that compared with CB-M, aged monocytes showed an ineffective phagocytosis of Aβ, while exogenous soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα) could reverse this deficiency. Pretreating monocytes with sAPPα upregulates Aβ internalization. Our further studies suggested that sAPPα could form a heterodimer with Aβs, with the APP672-688 (Aβ1-16) region being responsible for this effect. This in turn promoted binding of these heterodimers to monocyte scavenger receptors and thus promoted enhanced Aβ clearance. In summary, our findings suggest an interesting hypothesis that peripheral monocytes contribute to Aβ clearance through heterodimerization of sAPPα with Aβ. Further, declined or impaired sAPPα production, or reduced heterodimerization with Aβ, would cause a deficiency in Aβ clearance and thus accelerate the pathogenesis of AD.
Method and apparatus for selectively harvesting multiple components of a plant material (2023)

A method and apparatus for selectively harvesting multiple components of a plant material. A grain component is separated from the plant material such as by processing the plant material through a primary threshing and separating mechanism. At least one additional component of the plant material is selectively harvested such as by subjecting the plant material to a secondary threshing and separating mechanism. For example, the stems of a plant material may be broken at a location adjacent one or more nodes thereof with the nodes and the internodal stem portions being subsequently separated for harvesting. The at least one additional component (e.g., the internodal stems) may then be consolidated and packaged for subsequent use or processing. The harvesting of the grain and of the at least one additional component may occur within a single harvesting machine, for example, during a single pass over a crop field.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of a 2‐Isopropylcinnamic Acid Derivativeen Routeto the Blood Pressure‐Lowering Agent Aliskiren (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Development of Monodentate Phosphoramidites as Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation Instant Ligand Libraries of Monodentate BINOL-Based Phosphoramidites Aliskiren™ High-Throughput Screening in Search of a Cheap Phosphoramidite Ligand Mixtures of Ligands Further Screening of Conditions Validation and Pilot Plant Run Instant Ligand Library Screening to Further Optimize Rate and ee Validations Recent Developments in the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3 Conclusion References
Washout effect in rabbit brain: in-beam PET measurements using 10 C, 11 C and 15 O ion beams (2018)

In particle therapy, in-beam positron emission tomography (PET) is expected to enable in situ noninvasive confirmation of the treatment delivery. For accurate range and dose verification or three-dimensional (3D) volume imaging, however, correction of the biological washout effect in a living body is necessary. In this study, we measured the washout rate in a rabbit brain using the recently developed technology for oxygen beam radiation as well as carbon ion beam radiation. To measure components of washout, three radionuclides, 10C, 11C and 15O, which were generated as secondary beams in the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC), were irradiated on the rabbit brain under two conditions, live and dead. In-beam data were acquired by our whole body dual-ring OpenPET, which enables 3D in-beam imaging. Regions of interests (ROIs) were set as a 3D positron distribution and the time activity curves (TACs) of the irradiated field were acquired. We obtained the washout rate for those conditions based on multiple component model analysis. A difference between washout speed in 11C ions and the 15O ions was observed. The observed medium and slow biological decay rates of 11C ions in rabbit brain were 0.30 min−1 and 0.004 min−1, respectively. Those values were consistent with the previous rabbit study results acquired by other imaging modalities, such as the pair of positron cameras or our single-ring small animal OpenPET prototype. The observed medium and slow biological decay rates of 15O ions were 0.72 min−1 and 0.024 min−1, respectively, which were faster than those of the 11C ion. Also, the medium biological decay rate of 15O ions was close to the washout rate in cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements by dynamic PET with 15O-labeled water. These results should help to establish an accurate washout correction model.
Transcription Activation Mediated by a Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein from Thermus thermophilus HB8 (2007)

The extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB8, which belongs to the phylum Deinococcus-Thermus, has an open reading frame encoding a protein belonging to the cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP) family present in many bacteria. The protein named T. thermophilus CRP is highly homologous to the CRP family proteins from the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Cyanobacteria, and it forms a homodimer and interacts with cAMP. CRP mRNA and intracellular cAMP were detected in this strain, which did not drastically fluctuate during cultivation in a rich medium. The expression of several genes was altered upon disruption of the T. thermophilus CRP gene. We found six CRP-cAMP-dependent promoters in in vitro transcription assays involving DNA fragments containing the upstream regions of the genes exhibiting decreased expression in the CRP disruptant, indicating that the CRP is a transcriptional activator. The consensus T. thermophilus CRP-binding site predicted upon nucleotide sequence alignment is 5'-(C/T)NNG(G/T)(G/T)C(A/C)N(A/T)NNTCACAN(G/C)(G/C)-3'. This sequence is unique compared with the known consensus binding sequences of CRP family proteins. A putative -10 hexamer sequence resides at 18 to 19 bp downstream of the predicted T. thermophilus CRP-binding site. The CRP-regulated genes found in this study comprise clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (cas) ones, and the genes of a putative transcriptional regulator, a protein containing the exonuclease III-like domain of DNA polymerase, a GCN5-related acetyltransferase homolog, and T. thermophilus-specific proteins of unknown function. These results suggest a role for cAMP signal transduction in T. thermophilus and imply the T. thermophilus CRP is a cAMP-responsive regulator.
Biomimetic Entry to the Sarpagan Family of Indole Alkaloids:  Total Synthesis of (+)-Geissoschizine and (+)-N-Methylvellosimine (2003)

A concise synthesis of (+)-geissoschizine (1), a biosynthetic precursor of a variety of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, from d-tryptophan (19) was performed as a critical prelude to achieving the first biomimetic, enantioselective synthesis of the sarpagine alkaloid (+)-N(a)-methylvellosimine (5). The approach to (+)-geissoschizine was designed to address the dual problems of stereocontrolled formation of the E-ethylidene moiety and the correct relative configuration at C(3) and C(15). Key steps in the synthesis involve a vinylogous Mannich reaction to prepare the carboline 22, which has the absolute stereochemistry at C(3) corresponding to that in 1 and 5, and an intramolecular Michael addition that leads to the tetracyclic corynantheane derivative 24, which possesses the correct stereochemical relationship between C(3) and C(15). Compound 24 was then transformed into 27, the pivotal intermediate in the syntheses of 1 and 5, by a sequence that allowed the stereospecific introduction of the E-ethylidene moiety. Selective reduction of the lactam in 27 followed by removal of the C(5) carboxyl group by radical decarbonylation gave deformylgeissoschizine (2) that was converted into (+)-geissoschizine (1) by formylation. The common intermediate 27 was then converted via a straightforward sequence of reactions into the alpha-amino nitrile 39. The derived silyl enol ether 40 underwent ionization upon exposure to BF(3).OEt(2) to give the intermediate iminium ion 41 that then cyclized in a biomimetically inspired intramolecular Mannich reaction to deliver (+)-N(a)-methylvellosimine (5). This transformation provides experimental support for the involvement of such a cyclization as one of the key steps in the biosynthesis of the sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids.
Dynamic effects of Asymmetric In-Phase Flapping (AIF) on forward flight (2014)

This paper presents computational and experimental analyses on flight dynamics of Flapping Micro Air Vehicles (FWMAV) employing a novel flapping mechanism, denoted as AIFM (Asymmetric In-phase Flapping Mechanism). This mechanism was designed to achieve controlled, asymmetric in-phase wing flapping inspired by nature's flyers. This paper extends our previous study where modeling and optimization of such a mechanism was carried out. The dynamic effects of asymmetric in-phase flapping motion during forward flight are our main focus in this study. Kinematics and rigid body dynamics modeling are first carried out to derive the equations of motion of the system, followed by aerodynamic modeling of wing using blade element theory and quasi-unsteady analysis techniques. The analysis deals with three configurations of the system: symmetric in-phase flapping motion (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ) versus asymmetric in-phase flapping motion (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+5</sub> , C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sub> ). Scaled model of AIFM was fabricated and implemented into a FWMAV to show its practical feasibility. Some of the key dynamic effects of AIFM are addressed, suggesting AIFM solely can generate aerodynamic forces and moments which have the potential to bring higher agility and controllability to existing FWMAV platforms.
Integrated pin electronics for VLSI functional testers (2003)

A novel method is presented for building high-performance pin electronics circuitry using conventional CMOS technology. To demonstrate the feasibility of these circuit techniques, a prototype processing-element chip consisting of four I/O channels was designed in a 2- mu m double-metal CMOS technology. It contains 13 K transistors in a die size of 3.9 mm*5.3 mm. Running at 33 Mvectors/s, the chip dissipates 125 mW with a 5-V supply. The authors feel that it is possible to build practical integrated pin electronics for functional VLSI testers with a technology only as good as that of the design under test.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>