gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An innovative system for 3D clinical photography in the resource-limited settings (2014)

In this proof-of-concept study, the feasibility to use a simple, low-cost and user-friendly system has been established for future clinical study to monitor KS therapeutic response. This 3D imaging system can be also applied to obtain standardized clinical photographs for other diseases.
Abstract 2069: Stromal-epithelial crosstalk of Mig-6 has an important role for tumor suppression via progesterone in endometrial cancer (2015)

Abstract Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract. This disease is commonly caused by an imbalance of progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) action that E2 stimulates proliferation of uterine epithelial cells while P4 is inhibitory to estrogen-mediated proliferation of the epithelium. Endometrial hyperplasia is also associated with endometrial cancer, which is a proliferative process in epithelium by E2. Responsiveness of progesterone is required to treat endometrial cancer and preserve the fertility of patients. Furthermore, PR expression in the uteri of patients with endometrial cancer has been used as an indicator for a first-rate prognosis. However, more than 30% of patients do not respond to progesterone treatment as a result of progesterone resistance and the mechanism of progesterone resistance is still unknown. Thus, identifying the mechanism of progesterone in endometrial cancer is essential to improve the therapy of this disease. Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) is an important mediator of progesterone receptor (PR) action in the murine uterus. As P4 achieves the inhibition of proliferation by coordinating stromal-epithelial cross-talk, we generated a mouse model in which we specifically ablate epithelial endometrial Mig-6 using Sprr2f-cre mice (Sprr2fcre+ Mig-6f/f) to understand the role of epithelial Mig-6 in the uterus. Sprr2fcre+ Mig-6f/f mice displayed endometrial hyperplasia upon 10 weeks of age and develop endometrial cancer by E2 treatment for 3 months. Interestingly, the hyperplasia exhibited by Sprr2fcre+ Mig-6f/f mice was prevented by P4 treatment for 1 week in morphological and histological analysis. Proliferation decreased in the glandular epithelium of Sprr2fcre+ Mig-6f/f mice by P4, and apoptotic signal was also reduced. The expressions of stromal PR and its target genes were induced in Sprr2fcre+ Mig-6f/f mice after P4 treatment, indicating that P4-induced stromal Mig-6 can prevent the hyperplasia via regulating steroid hormonal signaling. This study suggested that stromal-epithelial communication of Mig-6 is critical in tumor suppressor function via regulating steroid hormonal signaling by progesterone. (This work was supported by American Cancer Society Research Grant, RSG-12-084-01-TBG to J.W.J.) Citation Format: Tae Hoon Kim, Byung Gak Kim, Jung-Yoon Yoo, Jae Hee Lee, Diego H. Castrillon, Jae-Wook Jeong. Stromal-epithelial crosstalk of Mig-6 has an important role for tumor suppression via progesterone in endometrial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2069. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2069
COVID19-inhibitory activity of withanolides involves targeting of the host cell surface receptor ACE2: insights from computational and biochemical assays (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China in December 2019 and its spread as worldwide pandemic has been a major global health crisis. Extremely high infection and mortality rate has severely affected all sectors of life and derailed the global economy. While drug and vaccine development have been prioritized and have made significant progression, use of phytochemicals and herbal constituents is deemed as a low-cost, safer and readily available alternative. We investigated therapeutic efficacy of eight withanolides (derived from Ashwagandha) against the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) proteins, a target cell surface receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and report results on the (i) computational analyses including binding affinity and stable interactions with ACE2, occupancy of ACE2 residues in making polar and nonpolar interactions with different withanolides/ligands and (2) <i>in vitro</i> mRNA and protein analyses using human cancer (A549, MCF7 and HSC3) cells. We found that among all withanolides, Withaferin-A, Withanone, Withanoside-IV and Withanoside-V significantly inhibited the ACE2 expression. Analysis of withanolides-rich aqueous extracts derived from Ashwagandha leaves and stem showed a higher ACE2 inhibitory potency of stem-derived extracts. Taken together, we demonstrated the inhibitory potency of Ashwagandha withanolides and its aqueous extracts against ACE2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Towards electromechanical computation: An alternative approach to realize complex logic circuits (2016)

Electromechanical computing based on micro/nano resonators has recently attracted significant attention. However, full implementation of this technology has been hindered by the difficulty in realizing complex logic circuits. We report here an alternative approach to realize complex logic circuits based on multiple MEMS resonators. As case studies, we report the construction of a single-bit binary comparator, a single-bit 4-to-2 encoder, and parallel XOR/XNOR and AND/NOT logic gates. Toward this, several microresonators are electrically connected and their resonance frequencies are tuned through an electrothermal modulation scheme. The microresonators operating in the linear regime do not require large excitation forces, and work at room temperature and at modest air pressure. This study demonstrates that by reconfiguring the same basic building block, tunable resonator, several essential complex logic functions can be achieved.
Hybrid Beamforming, User Scheduling, and Resource Allocation for Integrated Terrestrial-Satellite Communication (2021)

In this paper, we investigate hybrid beamforming, user scheduling, and resource allocation optimization based on spectrum coexisting forward transmission in integrated terrestrial-satellite network (ITSN) with the purpose of improving system sum rate and energy efficiency. Considering the limitation of on-board beamforming, a hybrid analog-digital beamforming scheme is designed under the scenario of millimeter wave (mmWave) coexisting in the ITSN framework. Besides, in order to further mitigate intra-beam and inter-beam interference, we propose an adaptive user scheduling scheme, which first determines the cluster center based on adaptive threshold, and then selects users with less channel correlation into a scheduling cluster. Moreover, we model system sum rate maximization problem that incorporates maximum power constrains and minimum data rate requirements. Combined with the aforementioned hybrid beamforming and user scheduling strategy, we formulate the sum rate maximizing problem to a pure power allocation issue. In view of the non-convexity and high complexity, we propose a feasible optimization method based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion and logarithmic linearization to optimize the power allocation for each user terminal (UT). Simulation results show that our proposed joint beamforming and resource allocation optimization scheduling scheme can achieve an attractive gain in system sum rate and energy efficiency compared with conservative beamforming and allocations.
Correction: Corrigendum: Relationship between nanotopographical alignment and stem cell fate with live imaging and shape analysis (2017)

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 37909; published online: 02 December 2016; updated: 07 March 2017. The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Jorge Luis Galeano Niño, which was incorrectly given as Jorge Luis Galenano-Niño. Additionally, there were typographical errors in Affiliation 9 which was incorrectly listed as ‘Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
ChemInform Abstract: Pro‐Nucleotides — Recent Advances in the Design of Efficient Tools for the Delivery of Biologically Active Nucleoside Monophosphates (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transforming and epidermal growth factors in degenerated intervertebral discs (1999)

We studied the presence of anabolic growth factors in human herniated intervertebral discs (IVD) using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Messenger RNA (mRNA) was isolated from the nucleus pulposus using oligo (dT)25 superparamagnetic beads and probing with gene-specific primers in RT-PCR. mRNA coding for TGF-alpha (3/10), EGF (0/10), TGF-beta1 (0/10) and TGF-beta3 (2/10) or the EGF receptor (EGF-R; 0/10) and TGF-beta type-II receptor (0/10) was found only occasionally. Beta-actin was always present and positive sample controls confirmed the validity of the RT-PCR assay. These RT-PCR findings were confirmed using immunohistochemical staining of EGF and TFG-beta, whereas TGF-alpha protein was always found associated with discocytes. We conclude that the nucleus pulposus of the herniated IVD is vulnerable to proteolytic degradation and depletion of proteoglycans due to the lack and/or low production of anabolic growth factors/receptors which could increase the local synthesis of the extracellular matrix.
Polyploid giant cancer cells: Unrecognized actuators of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance (2019)

Cancer led to the deaths of more than 9 million people worldwide in 2018, and most of these deaths were due to metastatic tumor burden. While in most cases, we still do not know why cancer is lethal, we know that a total tumor burden of 1 kg-equivalent to one trillion cells-is not compatible with life. While localized disease is curable through surgical removal or radiation, once cancer has spread, it is largely incurable. The inability to cure metastatic cancer lies, at least in part, to the fact that cancer is resistant to all known compounds and anticancer drugs. The source of this resistance remains undefined. In fact, the vast majority of metastatic cancers are resistant to all currently available anticancer therapies, including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and systemic radiation. Thus, despite decades-even centuries-of research, metastatic cancer remains lethal and incurable. We present historical and contemporary evidence that the key actuators of this process-of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance-are polyploid giant cancer cells.
Coupling Myocardium and Vortex Dynamics in Diverging-Wave Echocardiography (2018)

Echocardiography is widely used to provide critical left ventricular indices describing myocardial motion and blood inflow velocity. Tissue motion and blood flow are strongly connected and interdependent in the ventricle. During cardiac relaxation, rapid filling leads to the formation of a vortical blood flow pattern. In this paper, we introduce a high-frame-rate method to track vortex dynamics alongside myocardium motion, in a single heartbeat. Cardiac triplex imaging (B-mode + tissue Doppler + color Doppler) was obtained by insonating the left ventricle with diverging waves. We used coherent compounding with integrated motion compensation to obtain high-quality B-mode images. Tissue Doppler was retrieved and the septal and lateral velocities of the mitral annulus were deduced. A rate of ~80 triplex images/s was obtained. Vortex dynamics was analyzed by Doppler vortography. Blood vortex signature maps were used to track the vortex and compute core vorticities. The sequence was implemented in a Verasonics scanner with a 2.5-MHz phased array and tested in vivo in 12 healthy volunteers. Two main peaks appeared on the vorticity curves. These peaks were synchronized with the mitral inflow velocities with a small delay. We observed a relationship between the tissue and vortex waveforms, though also with a delay, which denoted the lag between the wall and the flow motion. Clinical diastolic indices combining basal and mitral inflow velocities (E/A ratio and E/ e' ratio) were determined and compared with those measured using a conventional ultrasound scanner; a good correlation was obtained ( r<sup>2</sup> = 0.96 ). High-frame-rate Doppler echocardiography enabled us to retrieve time-resolved dynamics of the myocardium and vortex flow within the same cardiac cycle. Coupling wall-flow analysis could be of clinical relevance for early diagnosis of filling impairment.
Enhancing Li-ion capacity and rate capability in cation-defective vanadium ferrite aerogels via aluminum substitution (2021)

Cation-defective iron oxides have proven to be effective Li-ion charge-storage hosts in nonaqueous electrolytes, particularly when expressed in disordered, nanoscale forms such as aerogels. Replacing a fraction of Fe sites in ferrites with high-valent cations such as V<sup>5+</sup> introduces cation-vacancy defects that increase Li-ion capacity. Herein, we show that compositional substitution with electroinactive Al<sup>3+</sup> further increases Li-ion capacity by 30% when incorporated within a disordered VFe<sub>2</sub>O<i>x</i> aerogel, as verified by electrochemical tests in a two-terminal Li half-cell. We use electroanalytical techniques to show that both Al-VFe<sub>2</sub>O<i>x</i> and VFe<sub>2</sub>O<i>x</i> aerogels exhibit many of the hallmarks of pseudocapacitive materials, including fast charge-discharge and surface-controlled charge-storage kinetics. These disordered, substituted ferrites also provide the high specific capacity expected from battery-type electrode materials, up to 130 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> for Al-VFe<sub>2</sub>O<i>x</i>. Our findings are discussed in the context of related Li-insertion hosts that blur the distinctions between battery-like and capacitor-like behavior.
PET Imaging of Liposomal Glucocorticoids using 89Zr-oxine: Theranostic Applications in Inflammatory Arthritis (2020)

The encapsulation of Glucocorticoids (GCs) into long-circulating liposomes (LCLs) is a proven strategy to reduce the side effects of glucocorticoids and improve the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). With the aim of supporting the development of GC-loaded LCLs, and potentially predict patient response to therapy clinically, we evaluated a direct PET imaging radiolabelling approach for preformed GC-LCLs in an animal model of human inflammatory arthritis. <b>Methods:</b> A preformed PEGylated liposomal methylprednisolone hemisuccinate (NSSL-MPS) nanomedicine was radiolabelled using [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr(oxinate)<sub>4</sub> (<sup>89</sup>Zr-oxine), characterised and tracked <i>in vivo</i> using PET imaging in a K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis (STA) mouse model of inflammatory arthritis and non-inflamed controls. Histology and joint size measurements were used to confirm inflammation. The biodistribution of <sup>89</sup>Zr-NSSL-MPS was compared to that of free <sup>89</sup>Zr in the same model. A therapeutic study using NSSL-MPS using the same time points as the PET/CT imaging was carried out. <b>Results:</b> The radiolabelling efficiency of NSSL-MPS with [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr(oxinate)<sub>4</sub> was 69 ± 8 %. PET/CT imaging of <sup>89</sup>Zr-NSSL-MPS showed high uptake (3.6 ± 1.5 % ID; 17.4 ± 9.3 % ID/mL) at inflamed joints, with low activity present in non-inflamed joints (0.5 ± 0.1 % ID; 2.7 ± 1.1 % ID/mL). Importantly, a clear correlation between joint swelling and high <sup>89</sup>Zr-NSSL-MPS uptake was observed, which was not observed with free <sup>89</sup>Zr. STA mice receiving a therapeutic dose of NSSL-MPS showed a reduction in inflammation at the time points used for the PET/CT imaging compared with the control group. <b>Conclusions:</b> PET imaging was used for the first time to track a liposomal glucocorticoid, showing high uptake at visible and occult inflamed sites and a good correlation with the degree of inflammation. A subsequent therapeutic response matching imaging time points in the same model demonstrated the potential of this radiolabeling method as a theranostic tool for the prediction of therapeutic response - with NSSL-MPS and similar nanomedicines - in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
The Best Materials for Tiny, Clever Sensors (2004)

In smart sensors, data are gathered and interpreted within the sensor. Such sensors are often more versatile, more reliable, smaller, and cheaper to manufacture than conventional sensors. Increasing their performance further will require monolithic integration, in which the sensor is directly interfaced with the electronic circuit. In their Perspective,
 Van Hoof
 et al .
 discuss different approaches toward achieving this integration. They conclude that one material, poly-SiGe, holds much promise for monolithic integration. However, future disposable sensors may make cheaper materials, such as metals and polymers, competitive
Synthesis and Characterization of Red Electrophosphorescent Polymers Containing Pendant Iridium(III) Complex Moieties (2013)

A series of fluorene-carbazole copolymers containing the pendant phosphor chromophore <TEX>$Ir(absn)_2(acac)$</TEX> (absn: 2-(1-naphthyl)benzothiazole; acac: acetylacetone) were designed and synthesized via Yamamoto coupling. In the film state, these copolymers exhibited absorption and emission peaks at approximately 389 and 426 nm, respectively, which originated from the fluorene backbone. However, in electroluminescent (EL) devices, a significantly red-shifted emission at approximately 611 nm was observed, which was attributed to the pendant iridium(III) complex. Using these copolymers as a single emission layer, polymer light-emitting devices with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:DNTPD/TmPyPb/LiF/Al configurations exhibited a saturated red emission at 611 nm. The attached iridium(III) complex had a significant effect on the EL performance. A maximum luminous efficiency of 0.85 cd/A, maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.77, maximum power efficiency of 0.48 lm/W, and maximum luminance of 883 <TEX>$cd/m^2$</TEX> were achieved from a device fabricated with the copolymer containing the iridium(III) complex in a 2% molar ratio.
Algorithms for automatically processing and analyzing aerospace pictures (2007)

This paper presents a catalog of algorithms for automatically processing aerospace pictures, including more than fifty items, systematized according to the following topics: structural comparison of images, comparison of images on the basis of Fourier invariants, alignment of images in a single coordinate system, detection of changes of the terrain on the basis of aerospace pictures, reconstruction and improvement of images, processing of information extracted from radar pictures, recognition of objects of specified classes on aerospace pictures, measurement of the elevation of objects from their aerospace pictures, searching for images in databases, geocoding of aerospace pictures, compression of images, development of camouflaging materials, and auxiliary algorithms for computing the attributes of images. The input and output data and the operating principles are briefly described for the presented algorithms.
Synthesis and characterization of zeogrid molecular sieves (2005)

Clear solution was prepared by hydrolyzing tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in tetrapropylammonium (TPA) hydroxide and heated at 120 °C for various times in order to generate half-nanoslabs, nanoslabs, tablets, intermediates and colloidal Silicalite-1 crystals. These building units were precipitated by addition of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) bromide. After evacuation of TPA and CTMA from the precipitates through calcination, microporous materials having substantial micropore volumes of 0.5–0.7 ml/g designated as Zeogrids were obtained. The micropores comprise ultra-micropores inside the zeolitic building units, and super-micropores between these building units. The ultra-micropores of Zeogrids render molecular sieving properties to these materials, which can be fine-tuned by adapting the size of the zeolitic building units.
The Motion of a Compliantly Suspended Rigid Body Constrained by Multipoint Frictional Contact (2005)

This paper addresses methods for determining the motion of an elastically suspended rigid body in frictional contact at multiple distinct locations. The methods developed assume that: (1) The motion of the support from which the body is suspended and the elastic behavior of the suspension are known; (2) inertial forces are negligible (motion is quasi-static); and (3) the contact is characterized by Coulomb friction. The derived coupled set of spatial rigid body equations is used to determine both the unknown direction of the friction force (at each point of contact) and the unknown motion of the rigid body. The uniqueness of the set of active constraints when considering multipoint contact is also addressed. We show that, for any passive compliant system, if the coefficient of friction at each contact is upper bounded, the set of active constraints is unique. A procedure to determine both the set of active constraints and the motion of the constrained body is provided.
Serum-Dependence of Affinity-Mediated VEGF Release from Biomimetic Microspheres (2014)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activity is highly regulated via sequestering within the ECM and cell-demanded proteolysis to release the sequestered VEGF. Numerous studies have demonstrated that VEGF activity mediates cellular events leading to angiogenesis and capillary formation in vivo. This has motivated the study of biomaterials to sustain VEGF release, and in many cases, the materials are inspired by the structure and function of the native ECM. However, there remains a need for materials that can bind to VEGF with high specificity, as the in vivo environment is rich in a variety of growth factors (GFs) and GF-binding moieties. Here we describe a strategy to control VEGF release using hydrogel microspheres with tethered peptides derived from VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Using biomaterials covalently modified with varying concentrations of two distinct VEGFR2-derived peptides with varying serum stability, we analyzed both biomaterial and environmental variables that influence VEGF release and activity. The presence of tethered VEGF-binding peptides (VBPs) resulted in significantly extended VEGF release relative to control conditions, and the resulting released VEGF significantly increased the expansion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture. VEGF release rates were also strongly influenced by the concentration of serum. The presence of Feline McDonough Sarcoma-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), a serum-borne receptor fragment derived from VEGF receptor 1, increased VEGF release rates, although sFlt-1 was not sufficient to recapitulate the release profile of VEGF in serum. Further, the influence of serum on VEGF release was not due to protease activity or nonspecific VEGF interactions in the presence of serum-borne heparin. VEGF release kinetics correlated well with a generalizable mathematical model describing affinity-mediated release of VEGF from hydrogel microspheres in defined conditions. Modeling results suggest a potential mechanism whereby competition between VEGF and multiple VEGF-binding serum proteins including sFlt-1, soluble kinase insert domain receptor (sKDR), and α2-macroglobulin (α2-M) likely influenced VEGF release from microspheres. The materials and mathematical model described in this approach may be useful in a range of applications in which sustained, biologically active GF release of a specific GF is desirable.