gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Semantic Web Search and Browse Sessions for Multi-Turn Spoken Dialog Systems (2016)

Training statistical dialog models in spoken dialog systems (SDS) requires large amounts of annotated data. The lack of scalable methods for data mining and annotation poses a significant hurdle for state-of-the-art statistical dialog managers. This paper presents an approach that directly leverage billions of web search and browse sessions to overcome this hurdle. The key insight is that task completion through web search and browse sessions is (a) predictable and (b) generalizes to spoken dialog task completion. The new method automatically mines behavioral search and browse patterns from web logs and translates them into spoken dialog models. We experiment with naturally occurring spoken dialogs and large scale web logs. Our session-based models outperform the state-of-the-art method for entity extraction task in SDS. We also achieve better performance for both entity and relation extraction on web search queries when compared with nontrivial baselines.
Cortical sulci and bipolar disorder (2006)

The width of cortical sulci in bipolar patients (n=19) and healthy controls (n=35) was examined using a novel automated technique involving magnetic resonance imaging. All sulci were wider for bipolar patients than for healthy controls. Bipolar-control differences were largest for the superior and intermediate frontal sulci, smallest for the occipital and cingulate sulci, and intermediate in magnitude for the other sulci (intraparietal, inferior frontal, and central sulci). The results were interpreted in terms of neurodegenerative-illness-related processes, which could produce cortical atrophy and result in wider sulci.
Chemical Synthesis of Silk-Mimetic Polymers (2019)

Silk is a naturally occurring high-performance material that can surpass man-made polymers in toughness and strength. The remarkable mechanical properties of silk result from the primary sequence of silk fibroin, which bears semblance to a linear segmented copolymer with alternating rigid ("crystalline") and flexible ("amorphous") blocks. Silk-mimetic polymers are therefore of great emerging interest, as they can potentially exhibit the advantageous features of natural silk while possessing synthetic flexibility as well as non-natural compositions. This review describes the relationships between primary sequence and material properties in natural silk fibroin and furthermore discusses chemical approaches towards the synthesis of silk-mimetic polymers. In particular, step-growth polymerization, controlled radical polymerization, and copolymerization with naturally derived silk fibroin are presented as strategies for synthesizing silk-mimetic polymers with varying molecular weights and degrees of sequence control. Strategies for improving macromolecular solubility during polymerization are also highlighted. Lastly, the relationships between synthetic approach, supramolecular structure, and bulk material properties are explored in this review, with the aim of providing an informative perspective on the challenges facing chemical synthesis of silk-mimetic polymers with desirable properties.
Obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: new insights and pathophysiological targets (2022)

Obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represent two intermingling epidemics driving perhaps the greatest unmet health problem in cardiovascular medicine in the 21st century. Many patients with HFpEF are either overweight or obese, and recent data have shown that increased body fat and its attendant metabolic sequelae have widespread, protean effects systemically and on the cardiovascular system leading to symptomatic HFpEF. The paucity of effective therapies in HFpEF underscores the importance of understanding the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms of obese HFpEF to develop novel therapies. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular features of the obese phenotype of HFpEF, how increased adiposity might pathophysiologically contribute to the phenotype, and how these processes might be targeted therapeutically.
How Drugs are Developed and Approved by the FDA: Current Process and Future Directions (2014)

The FDA's improved processes for drug approval and post-market surveillance have achieved the goal of providing patients with timely access to effective drugs while minimizing the risk of drug-related harm. The FDA drug approval process is not without controversy, as a number of well-known gastroenterology drugs have been withdrawn from the US market over the past few years. With the approval of the new FDASIA law, the FDA will continue to improve their processes and, working together with the ACG through the FDA-Related Matters Committee, continue to develop safe and effective drugs for our patients.
Opschaling aangepaste CATT behandeling aardbei(moeder)planten tegen de plantparasitaire nematode Meloidogyne hapla : resultaten onderzoek 2012 (2013)

In 2012 zijn 16 partijtjes aardbeiplanten van verschillende rassen, herkomst en planttypen behandeld volgens de standaardmethode bij 35 °C en de nieuwe methode: korter behandelen gedurende 40 uur en de temperatuur in de 2e fase opvoeren naar 40 °C. Na behandeling en een korte opslagperiode zijn de partijtjes incl. onbehandeld op 8 mei 2012 uitgeplant. De nieuwe CATT behandeling bleek even succesvol te zijn als de standaardmethode. Er werden geen verschillen tussen de rassen (Darselect, Elsanta, Figaro, Korona, Sonata, Symphony en Honeoye) vastgesteld. In een sub-proef is gebleken dat het tijdstip van een CATT behandeling flexibel, ook direct na laat rooien in januari, kan worden uitgevoerd. Vastgesteld is dat de enkele, na een aangepaste CATT behandeling, nog in de (moeder)planten aanwezige wortelknobbelaaltjes niet voldoende vitaal zijn om tot reproductie en vermeerdering te komen, zelfs niet na een groeiseizoen. Ook de dochterplanten bleven na de aangepaste CATT behandeling vrij van besmetting.
Localized epidemic detection in networks with overwhelming noise (2014)

We consider the problem of detecting an epidemic in a population where individual diagnoses are extremely noisy. The motivation for this problem is the plethora of examples (influenza strains in humans, or computer viruses in smartphones, etc.) where reliable diagnoses are scarce, but noisy data plentiful. In flu/phone-viruses, exceedingly few infected people/phones are professionally diagnosed (only a small fraction go to a doctor) but less reliable secondary signatures (e.g., people staying home, or greater-than-typical upload activity) are more readily available. These secondary data are often plagued by unreliability: many people with the flu do not stay home, and many people that stay home do not have the flu. This paper identifies the precise regime where knowledge of the contact network enables finding the needle in the haystack: we provide a distributed, efficient and robust algorithm that can correctly identify the existence of a spreading epidemic from highly unreliable local data. Our algorithm requires only local-neighbor knowledge of this graph, and in a broad array of settings that we describe, succeeds even when false negatives and false positives make up an overwhelming fraction of the data available. Our results show it succeeds in the presence of partial information about the contact network, and also when there is not a single "patient zero", but rather many (hundreds, in our examples) of initial patient-zeroes, spread across the graph.
Preliminary Analysis of Factors Associated with Blood Loss in Neuromuscular Scoliosis Surgery. (2018)

Patients with NMS remain a challenging group of patients to treat. We find that age, operative time, and postoperative platelets are predictive of increased blood loss while only age was related to greater transfused units. Our findings may predict the need for blood products and antifibrinolytic agents preoperatively in this heterogeneous population, especially as patients age.
The extent of trauma and postextraction pain in children. (1988)

A survey of pediatric dental patients was undertaken to determine the possible association between the extent of trauma and the report of postextraction pain. The extent of surgical trauma was quantitated on the basis of the number of teeth extracted and the amount of remaining alveolar support of the extracted tooth. A parental questionnaire revealed a significant association between the number of teeth extracted and the incidence of postextraction pain. Additionally, the amount of remaining alveolar support was associated significantly with the report of pain. Although both factors are associated with increased report of postextraction pain, the number of teeth extracted may carry increased expectations for pain. However, the amount of remaining alveolar support represented a predictor of the pain response that appeared not to be biased by parental or patient expectations for postextraction pain. The degree of difficulty of the extraction, a semiquantitative measurement, may provide a useful objective predictor in the assessment of a child’s reactions to a common dental procedure and may help the dentist plan for postoperative care.
Effect of annealing temperature on titania nanoparticles (2014)

Titania polycrystalline samples are prepared by using sol-gel route hydrolyzing a alkoxide titanium precursor under acidic conditions. The as prepared samples are treated with different calcination temperatures. The anatase phase of titania forms when treated below 600°C, above that temperature the anatase phase tends to transform into the rutile phase of titania. The experimental determination of average grain size, phase formation, lattice parameters and the crystal structures of titania samples at different calcinations is done using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray are used to characterize the samples to bring impact on the respective properties.
A Versatile Timing Microsystem Based on Wafer-Level Packaged XTAL/BAW Resonators With Sub-$\mu$W RTC Mode and Programmable HF Clocks (2013)

This paper introduces and demonstrates with high yield a novel concept for the packaging under vacuum of tuning fork quartz XTALs on top of a silicon interposer equipped with TSVs. It paves the way to the implementation of a monolithic timing microsystem where the ASIC is part of the housing of a newly designed tiny 131-kHz XTAL to reach extreme module miniaturization (1.5 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\times\,$</tex></formula> 1.1 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\times\,$</tex></formula> 0.7 mm <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{3}$</tex></formula> ) and integrity. As this task is still ongoing, an early demonstration of the generic versatile timing module is presented using a chip-on-board approach with standalone conventionally packaged XTAL and BAW resonators. The module achieves 0.4 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex></formula> W power dissipation and <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\pm} $</tex></formula> 2 ppm stability over <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}$</tex> </formula> 40 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula> C to 85 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula> C in RTC mode and can deliver on-demand programmable clocks between 1–50 MHz. The latter are obtained either with a RC PLL or after division of the signal obtained from a 2-GHz BAW DCO at a power dissipation of 100 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex> </formula> W and 5.3 mW, respectively.
APOE genotype is associated with oral herpetic lesions but not genital or oral herpes simplex virus shedding (2010)

Variation at the APOE locus may be associated with clinical manifestations of HSV-1 infection, but does not appear to correlate with herpes simplex viral reactivation in humans.
The characteristics of monostable switching in amorphous niobate films (1977)

Describes the preparation of monostable devices using amorphous films of 19 at.% Nb, 13 at.% Na, 2 at.% Si, 66 at.% O. Forming occurs in these devices, similar to the behaviour observed in chalcogenide films. The threshold voltages of both virgin and formed devices are proportional to the square of the electrode separation. This observation has been interpreted as suggesting that excess charge is injected into the device prior to switching. It was found that small DC currents flowing during the on-state do not degrade the characteristics of a monostable device; hence potential applications include use as latching devices in matrix-addressed multi-element displays and other volatile memories.
<title>Imaging performance of a large-field kinestatic charge detector for digital radiography</title> (1995)

The initial performance of a digital radiographic system incorporating a large-field (2016- channel) kinestatic charge detector and data acquisition electronics is discussed. The measured modulation transfer function of the system is 20% at 4 cy/mm. The measured detective quantum efficiency is 40 - 60%. These results are comparable with or better than those of current clinical (rare-earth film-screen and storage phosphor) systems. First images from the large-field system are shown and compared with those from commercial systems. Future system improvements in process or in planning are discussed.
Responsabilidade social do arquivista (2021)

Objetivo: reflexionar sobre la RS frente a las practicas de gestion de documentos, ante cambios alterados en el contexto social / cultural de la sociedad. Metodologia: Realiza encuestas bibliograficas sobre practicas de archivo, asociandolas al RS del profesional cuando proporciona acceso y uso a los usuarios, considerando los cambios paradigmaticos que surgen de las tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion. Resultados: Esta claro que los archiveros juegan un papel social importante para una sociedad por individuos capaces de articularse como tecnicas en el campo, con elementos sociales de suma importancia para la sociedad. Conclusiones: Hay que se realizar cambios y / o ajustes en la capacitacion academica y profesional que incluye disciplinas que ayudan en el desarrollo de la conciencia etica y social, relacionadas con las practicas de archivo teoricas / metodologicas, tan importantes e importantes para la sociedad
Figure S8 from A Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-3 (SST<sub>3</sub>) Peptide Agonist Shows Antitumor Effects in Experimental Models of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Direct effect of BIM-355 at different doses on tumor growth in POMC-KO mice model.&lt;/p&gt;
Growth diagram of N-face GaN (0001¯) grown at high rate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2014)

N-face GaN was grown on free-standing GaN (0001¯) substrates at a growth rate of 1.5 μm/h using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Difference in growth rate between (0001¯) and (0001) oriented GaN depends on nitrogen plasma power, and the (0001¯) oriented GaN had only 70% of the growth rate of the (0001) oriented GaN at 300 W. Unintentional impurity concentrations of silicon, carbon, and oxygen were 2 × 1015, 2 × 1016, and 7 × 1016 cm−3, respectively. A growth diagram was constructed that shows the dependence of the growth modes on the difference in the Ga and active nitrogen flux, ΦGa − ΦN*, and the growth temperature. At high ΦGa − ΦN* (ΦGa ≫ ΦN*), two-dimensional (step-flow and layer-by-layer) growth modes were realized. High growth temperature (780 °C) expanded the growth window of the two-dimensional growth modes, achieving a surface with rms roughness of 0.48 nm without Ga droplets.
Multi-scale characterization of social network dynamics in the blogosphere (2008)

We have developed a computational framework to characterize social network dynamics in the blogosphere at individual, group and community levels. Such characterization could be used by corporations to help drive targeted advertising and to track the moods and sentiments of consumers. We tested our model on a widely read technology blog called Engadget. Our results show that communities transit between states of high and low entropy, depending on sentiments (positive / negative) about external happenings. We also propose an innovative method to establish the utility of the extracted knowledge, by correlating the mined knowledge with an external time series data (the stock market). Our validation results show that the characterized groups exhibit high stock market movement predictability (89%) and removal of 'impactful' groups makes the community less resilient by lowering predictability (26%) and affecting the composition of the groups in the rest of the community.
Integrated receiver architectures for board-to-board free-space optical interconnects (2009)

In many computer and server communications copper cables and wires are currently being used for data transmission and interconnects. However, due to significant shortcomings, such as long transmission time, high noise level, unstable electrical properties, and high power consumption for cooling, researchers are increasingly turning their research interests toward alternatives, such as fiber optic interconnects and free-space optical communication technologies. In this paper, we present design considerations for an integrated receiver for high-speed free-space line-of-sight optical interconnects for distortion-free data transmission in an environment with mechanical vibrations and air turbulences. The receiver consists of an array of high-speed photodiodes for data communication and an array of quadrant photodiodes for real-time beam tracking in order to compensate for the beam misalignment caused by vibrations in servers. Different configurations for spatially positioning the quadrant and data photodiodes are discussed for 4×4 and 9×9 multielement optical detector arrays. We also introduce a new beam tracking device, termed the strip quadrant photodiodes, in order to accurately track highly focused optical beams with very small beam diameter.
A dielectric study of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinylacetate)–poly(vinyl chloride) blends. I. Miscibility and phase behavior (1986)

Abstract Measurements of the complex permittivity were used to study miscibility and phase behavior in blends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with two random ethylene—vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers containing 45 and 70 wt % of vinyl acetate. The dielectric β relaxation of the pure polymers and blends was followed as a function of temperature and frequency for different blend compositions and thermal treatments. Blends of EVA 70/PVC were found to be miscible for compositions of about 25% EVA 70 and higher. Blends of lower EVA 70 content showed evidence of two‐phase behavior. EVA 45/PVC blends were found to be miscible only at the composition extremes; at intermediate compositions these blends were two‐phase, partially miscible. Both blend systems showed lower critical solution temperature behavior. Phase separation studies revealed that in the EVA 45/PVC blends, PVC was capable of diffusing into the higher T g phase at temperatures below the T g of the upper phase. In the blends, ion transport losses were significant above the loss peak temperatures, and in the two‐phase systems, often obscured the upper temperature loss process. It was shown possible, however, to correct the loss curves for this transport contribution.
Fabrication and Experimental Characterization of a MEMS Microphone Using Electrostatic Levitation (2019)

Fabrication and acoustic performance of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microphone are presented. The microphone uses an unusual electrostatic sensing scheme that causes the sensing electrode to move away, or levitate, from the biasing electrode as the bias voltage is applied. This approach differs from existing electrostatic sensors and completely avoids the usual collapse known as pull-in instability. In this study, our goal is to fabricate a MEMS microphone whose sensitivity could be improved simply by increasing the bias voltage, without suffering from pull-in. The microphone is successfully fabricated and tested in our anechoic chamber. A read-out circuit is used to obtain electrical signals in response to sound pressure at various bias voltages. Experimental results show that the sensitivity increases approximately linearly with bias voltage for bias voltages from 40 volts to 100 volts. The ability to design electrostatic sensors without concerns about pull-in failure permits a wide range of promising sensor designs.
Harbinger: Um framework para integração e análise de métodos de detecção de eventos em séries temporais (2020)

Ao analisar séries temporais é possível observar mudanças significativas no comportamento das observações que frequentemente caracterizam a ocorrência de eventos. Eventos se apresentam como anomalias, pontos de mudança, ou padrões frequentes. Na literatura existem diversos métodos para detecção de eventos. Entretanto, a busca por um método adequado para uma série temporal não é uma tarefa simples, principalmente considerando-se que a natureza dos eventos muitas vezes não é conhecida. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta Harbinger, um framework para integração e análise de métodos de detecção de eventos. O Harbinger foi avaliado em dados sintéticos e reais, onde foi possível constatar que suas funcionalidades promovem a seleção de métodos e a compreensão dos eventos detectados.
Waterfilling power allocation applied in block-diagonalization Multi-User MIMO precoding technique (2016)

Next generation of mobile communications (5G) comes with high throughput demands (up to more than 10 Gbps). From a radio access point of view, this requires using spatial multiplexing techniques that allow reaching these rates and are suitable for cases where the transmitter has a large number of antennas. The challenges are even bigger when it comes to spatially multiplexing multiple mobile stations in the same time-frequency resource, a technique known as MU-MIMO (MultiUser MIMO). The Block Diagonalization technique shows a strong performance in MU-MIMO scenarios by eliminating the inter-user interference. This method also presents good flexibility in terms of intra-user and inter-user transmission energy allocation. This paper analyzes the performances - in terms of sum-capacity - of the downlink Block Diagonalization MU-MIMO technique when paired with the waterfilling power allocation mechanism. The use cases considered in the performed simulations are aligned to those considered in the 5G networks: up to 128 transmit antennas at the base station side, up to 64 mobile users spatially multiplexed and up to 16 antennas for each mobile station.