gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of trimetrexate cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo by carboxypeptidase G2. (1989)

Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2), an enzyme produced by Pseudomonas strain RS-16, hydrolyzes the glutamate residue from methotrexate and other folates. The possibility of enhancing trimetrexate cytotoxicity by CPG2 induced folate depletion was investigated in vitro in a human leukemia cell line, CCRF-CEM, and in three sublines of these cells each with a different methotrexate resistance phenotype. The cytotoxic effect in vitro was detected using a colorimetric assay with a tetrazolium salt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. Dose-effect relationships of drugs alone and in combination were analyzed by the median effect principle and by the combination indices for quantitation of synergy or antagonism with the aid of a computer program. Trimetrexate alone was cytotoxic against the parent and all the resistant cell lines with the drug concentrations required to decrease the cell count to 50% of control in the nanomolar range (1.4, 1.6, 1.5, and 0.7 nM in CCRF-CEM, CCRF-CEM/E, CCRF-CEM/P, and CCRF-CEM/T, respectively) following 5 days of exposure. The concentration of CPG2 required to decrease the cell count to 50% control for these cell lines was 3.5, 2.6, 26.6, and 7.9 x 10(-5) units/ml for CCRF-CEM, CCRF-CEM/E, CCRF-CEM/P, and CCRF-CEM/T, respectively. A synergistic cytotoxic effect of trimetrexate after simultaneous continuous exposure with CPG2 was observed with CCRF-CEM cells and with the three resistant cell lines. This drug combination given to BALB/c x DBA/2 F1 mice bearing L1210 cells also produced synergy over a narrow range of drug doses. The activity of this combination in both methotrexate sensitive and methotrexate resistant cell lines indicates that clinical trials of this combination should be undertaken.
Regularized non negative matrix factorization for autofluorescence removal in fluorescence optical imaging (2011)

International audience
False lock in quadriphase receivers with unequal I- and Q-channel data rates (1989)

Results are presented concerning the noise-free false lock problem in quadriphase receivers with unequal I-channel and Q-channel data rates. It is shown that false lock may occur when the incoming carrier frequency and the loop VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) frequency differ by an amount that is a linear combination of a quarter of I-channel and Q-channel data rates. General expressions for the false lock performance of quadriphase receivers are given for random as well as periodic data patterns. Specific closed-form expressions for the false lock margin are derived when the arm filters of the quadriphase receivers are single-pole Butterworth filters, and the format of the random data is NRZ (nonreturn-to-zero). Numerical evaluations of false lock margin as a function of the product of 3 dB arm-filter bandwidth and symbol duration are carried out for random data using various arm filters and for different periodic I-channel and Q-channel data patterns.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stimuli‐responsive hybrid microgels for controlled drug delivery: Sorafenib as a model drug (2020)

Abstract Microgels (MGs) are synthetic colloidal hydrogel particles made of three dimensional polymer networks. Their chemical composition is crucial for their use as intelligent drug release systems operated by temperature control. Herein, several MGs using N‐isopropylacrylamide (Nipam)/N‐isopropylmethacrylamide (Nipmam), chitosan and acrylic/methacrylic acid have been synthesized by free radical polymerization reactions (NC MGs) and the effects of surfactants and different reaction times on size and swelling properties have been investigated. MGs have been identified and characterized by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy, and finally used to optimize the encapsulation protocol of the hydrophobic drug sorafenib. The drug delivery system here described has encapsulation efficiency of 40% and releases 10% of the entrapped drug over about 16 h after the temperature is raised above the volume phase transition temperature. Data suggest that MGs with optimized composition may act as properly instructed entities able to trap and release biomolecules following external stimuli.
Electro-Optical Sensors for Atmospheric Turbulence Strength Characterization with Embedded Edge AI Processing of Scintillation Patterns (2022)

This study introduces electro-optical (EO) sensors (TurbNet sensors) that utilize a remote laser beacon (either coherent or incoherent) and an optical receiver with CCD camera and embedded edge AI computer (Jetson Xavier Nx) for in situ evaluation of the path-averaged atmospheric turbulence refractive index structure parameter Cn2 at a high temporal rate. Evaluation of Cn2 values was performed using deep neural network (DNN)-based real-time processing of short-exposure laser-beacon light intensity scintillation patterns (images) captured by a TurbNet sensor optical receiver. Several pre-trained DNN models were loaded onto the AI computer and used for TurbNet sensor performance evaluation in a set of atmospheric propagation inference trials under diverse turbulence and meteorological conditions. DNN model training, validation, and testing were performed using datasets comprised of a large number of instances of scintillation frames and corresponding reference (“true”) Cn2 values that were measured side-by-side with a commercial scintillometer (BLS 2000). Generation of datasets and inference trials was performed at the University of Dayton’s (UD) 7-km atmospheric propagation test range. The results demonstrated a 70–90% correlation between Cn2 values obtained with the TurbNet sensors and those measured side-by-side with the scintillometer.
The Study of Nitrenes by Theoretical Methods (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thinner biological tissues induce leaflet flutter in aortic heart valve replacements (2020)

Valvular heart disease has recently become an increasing public health concern due to the high prevalence of valve degeneration in aging populations. For patients with severely impacted aortic valves that require replacement, catheter-based bioprosthetic valve deployment offers a minimally invasive treatment option that eliminates many of the risks associated with surgical valve replacement. Although recent percutaneous device advancements have incorporated thinner, more flexible biological tissues to streamline safer deployment through catheters, the impact of such tissues in the complex, mechanically demanding, and highly dynamic valvular system remains poorly understood. The present work utilized a validated computational fluid-structure interaction approach to isolate the behavior of thinner, more compliant aortic valve tissues in a physiologically realistic system. This computational study identified and quantified significant leaflet flutter induced by the use of thinner tissues that initiated blood flow disturbances and oscillatory leaflet strains. The aortic flow and valvular dynamics associated with these thinner valvular tissues have not been previously identified and provide essential information that can significantly advance fundamental knowledge about the cardiac system and support future medical device innovation. Considering the risks associated with such observed flutter phenomena, including blood damage and accelerated leaflet deterioration, this study demonstrates the potentially serious impact of introducing thinner, more flexible tissues into the cardiac system.
Naphthothiophenes. 3. Preparation of 4-naphtho[1,2-b]thiophenemethanols and 5-naphtho[1,2-b]thiophenemethanols and attempts to prepare 5-naphtho[2,1-b]thiophenemethanols as antimalarials (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNaphthothiophenes. 3. Preparation of 4-naphtho[1,2-b]thiophenemethanols and 5-naphtho[1,2-b]thiophenemethanols and attempts to prepare 5-naphtho[2,1-b]thiophenemethanols as antimalarialsBijan P. Das, Robert T. Cunningham, and David W. Boykin Jr.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 12, 1361–1365Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00270a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00270a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elites, middle classes and cities (2011)

The chapter presents the preliminary results of explorative research considering the making of a European society as the building of new social networks and practices among European higher social status-groups – in particular upper middle and middle classes – taking place in the interconnection of some European cities. The hypothesis at the core of the research is whether European integration is offering these urban elites the opportunity of “exit” from their own nation-state or national society: in terms of job trajectory, social networks, cultural consumption practices (i.e., holidays and travel), media use, property ownership, education for children, or their expression of social and political values. The possibility of exit can also charaterise their relation to the local urban public sphere: for example in their choices to opt out of public urban services, such as schools, to withdraw from public networks and associations, or frequent public spaces. This indeed has been claimed as a part of the growing inequalities of some western societies in urban contexts. In this research we thus cross reference the possible “exit” strategies from national society with such urban “exit” strategies. \nThe chapter is organised in three parts. The first discusses the theoretical background to these issues, in terms of the idea of society beyond the nation-state, the social theory of globalisation and transnational elites, leading to two hypotheses that will guide our research The second then presents some existing empirical studies on the dynamics of urban middle classes between rootedness and mobility. The third discusses the methodological considerations behind the operationalisation of these questions in our own research. Finally, then in a fourth section we present our results. These enable us to draw some preliminary conclusions about the changing patterns of elite and middle class practices and social organisation under the twin effects of Europeanization and globalization
Molecular Theory on the Entanglement Effect of Rodlike Polymers (1985)

The rotational diffusion constant ${D}_{r}$ of entangled rodlike polymers in semidilute solution was calculated by our refining quantitatively the Doi-Edwards tube model. The methods of probability and stochastic process theory were used to calculate the mean lifetime of tubes, while the mean step angle of jump diffusion was evaluated by computer simulation on the size distribution of tubes. Our result eliminates a large discrepancy of ${D}_{r}$ between the Doi-Edwards theory and a variety of experiments on rodlike polymers.
Las proteínas de estrés térmico en la inflamación y el cáncer (2008)

Recientemente se ha difundido el concepto de que la inflamacion es un componente critico de la progresion del tumor. Muchos tipos de cancer tienen su origen en sitios de infeccion, irritacion cronica e inflamacion. Es un hecho evidente que el microambiente del tumor, grandemente conformado por celulas inflamatorias, es un participante indispensable en los procesos de neoplasia. Las celulas tumorales cooptan algunas de las moleculas de senalizacion del sistema inmune innato para poder llevar a cabo los procesos de invasion, migracion y metastasis, con la produccion de quimiocinas y citocinas asi como una activacion mantenida del factor transcripcional NF-kB, por ejemplo. En la actualidad, las chaperonas o proteinas de estres termico emergen como estimuladoras del sistema inmune y son piezas clave en la modulacion de la inflamacion en dos modos alternativos: inflamacion esteril, la cual resulta de estimulos endogenos y se hace necesaria para mantener la homeostasis, e inflamacion septica, la cual protege de la invasion de elementos patogenos. En el presente trabajo se exponen las relaciones funcionales entre inflamacion y cancer asi como el papel de las chaperonas en la interrelacion de ambas situaciones patologicas
Microwave Connector De-Embedding and Antenna Characterization [Education Corner] (2018)

This article describes a systematic procedure for microwave connector de -embedding in a single -port antenna system. Coaxial connectors are a much -used medium to probe the electrical properties of radio -frequency (RF) components. However, connectors impact the magnitude and phase response of the device under test (DUT). Thus, it is essential to de -embed the connector properties to access the actual characteristics of the DUT. Various de embedding techniques reported in the literature considered the DUT as a two port device.
Functional personalized oncology to determine drug sensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma. (2019)

e15672 Background: Rare tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma (CC), have no established treatment protocols, forcing clinicians to select therapies based on educated guesses or small case series. Genomic tumor analyses fail to identify options for most patients. Here, we show the feasibility of using a high-throughput functional assay to test targeted drug libraries on individual patient-derived tumor organoids from CC to yield experimentally-validated therapeutic options. Methods: Three consecutive patients with CC who were undergoing a standard of care biopsy or resection were enrolled in an IRB-approved study. Patient characteristics, demographics, tumor pathology, including Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data and organoid-derived drug recommendations are shown in the Table. Specimen (~ 200 mg of tumor) was shipped on ice overnight to SEngine Precision Medicine for tumor-derived organoid culture and sensitivity analysis. Organoids were evaluated using a multi-dose response to each drug in a library of 120 FDA-approved and investigational drugs and compared those responses to all prior patients. This established both functional sensitivity and the uniqueness of each patient’s response. Results: We tested operational logistics, tumor growth rates, and chemosensitivity reporting timelines. This has allowed us to: 1) operationalize the expansion process, 2) quantify turn-around time, and 3) identify any technical or logistic barriers. All specimens resulted in adequate growth for sensitivity characterization. None of the NGS studies resulted in recommendations for sensitivity to targeted chemotherapy. Conversely, tumor organoid assays rapidly identified selective, personalized drugs. Conclusions: We have shown the feasibility of this approach in CC. Our preliminary results will inform the design of a future prospective clinical trial to establish and validate this method to select personalized cancer treatments for rare malignancies.[Table: see text]
In Situ Synthesis of Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Enriched Hierarchical Porous Carbon for High-Performance Supercapacitor (2017)

In this work, we present a simple and facile method for the nitrogen (N)- and sulfur (S)- doped porous three-dimensional (3D) spongelike carbon materials via direct pyrolysis of N and S containing polymer N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide cross-linked poly(acrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) at varying temperatures under inert atmosphere. The obtained nitrogen- and sulfur-doped porous carbons (NSPCs) possess 3D hierarchical porous structure and contain a significantly high amount of N and S species. The concurrent incorporation of N and S successfully modified the surface properties of carbon materials and lead to enhanced capacitive performance. The presented NSPC exhibits specific capacitance of 230 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1 and showed excellent cycling stability, depicting a promising material for energy storage devices.
An Exploration of Eye Gaze in Women During Reciprocal Self-Disclosure: Implications for Digital Human Design (2022)

Digital humans are a highly realistic form of conversational computer agent. Eye gaze is a salient social cue that digital humans could use to facilitate rapport-building during conversations. However, eye gaze tendencies vary by gender and incorrect gaze patterns can have negative social implications. Analysis of observational data during human conversations can help inform the development of eye gaze models for digital humans. This study aimed to identify the eye gaze patterns of women dyads during a rapport-building conversation, and to evaluate the effect of different gaze patterns on rapport, trust, and psychological outcomes. 36 adult women (18 dyads) completed the Relationship Closeness Induction Task while wearing eye tracking glasses. Subjective rapport, trust, and psychological measures were collected. Gaze patterns of women were found to change as the conversation content became more intimate; specifically, gaze aversions for thinking (p=.042), turn-taking (p=.025), and intimacy modulation increased in duration (p=.012). Furthermore, gaze patterns were associated with perceptions of the conversation partner. Displaying fewer cognitive gaze aversions was associated with greater closeness (p=.029) and trust perceptions (p=.035). Longer periods of direct gaze while speaking was associated with greater rapport (p=.040). Results will inform the development of a humanlike gaze model for female digital humans during intimate conversations and may be applicable to social robots.
The Impact of Shampoo Wash Frequency on Scalp and Hair Conditions (2021)

Two different studies led to the same conclusion: higher wash frequency is both beneficial and more preferred to lower wash frequency among the Asian populations studied. Concerns related to "overcleaning" were unfounded both objectively and subjectively.
Unconjugated faecal bile acids in familial adenomatous polyposis analysed by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (1994)

Previous studies have suggested reduced formation of secondary bile acids in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Developments in the collection, extraction and analysis of faecal bile acids as well as in the accurate diagnosis of FAP by DNA markers prompted reinvestigation of this hypothesis. The median (interquartile range (i.q.r.)) faecal bile acid concentration (3.69 (1.66-5.36) mumol per g dry weight) and daily excretion rate (60.5 (29-149) mumol per g per 24 h) in ten patients with FAP were similar to those of nine control subjects (3.31 (0.65-8.38) mumol per g dry weight and 30.1 (7.9-228) mumol per g per 24 h). Although the median (i.q.r.) concentration of only one bile acid (12-oxo-lithocholic acid) was significantly different between patients with FAP and controls (49 (34-70) versus 0 (0-20) nmol per g dry weight, P = 0.006), the derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid (3.35 (1.76-5.32) versus 0.51 (0.13-2.37) mumol per g dry weight, P = 0.02) and cholic acid (1.63 (0.42-2.34) versus 0.80 (0.13-3.57) mumol per g dry weight, P = 0.006) were increased in those with polyposis. These results show increased bacterial biotransformation of faecal bile acids in patients with FAP.
Inter- and intraspecies transmission of canine influenza virus (H3N2) in dogs, cats, and ferrets (2012)

Cats appear to be another susceptible host of CIV H3N2, whereas ferrets are not likely natural hosts. The molecular-based mechanism of interspecies and intraspecies transmission of CIV H3N2 should be further studied.
Effect of lactic acid on growth and butanediol production byKlebsiella oxytoca (1989)

Production of 2,3-butanediol byKlebsiella oxytoca was enhanced in the presence of low levels (<8 g/l) of added sodium lactate. Cell growth was inhibited, however, and essentially stopped above 15 g/l added lactate. Levels of by-products (acetic acid and ethanol) were also higher. With 3 g/l lactate and an initial glucose level of 98 g/l, butanediol concentration and productivity increased 164% with 98% utilization of glucose. With high glucose concentration (219 g/l), addition of 2.64 g/l lactate after the growth phase resulted in 81 g/l butanediol, with a productivity of 0.65 g/l/h and 71% glucose utilization.
Structural changes induced by electron irradiation in graphite (1992)

Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite was irradiated at room temperature with 300 kV electrons. Transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy were employed to study the structural changes produced by irradiation. The occurrence of a continuous ring intensity in the selected area diffraction (SAD) pattern obtained on a specimen irradiated with the electron beam parallel to the c-crystallographic axis indicated that microstructural changes had occurred. However, from the SAD pattern obtained for the specimens tilted relative to the irradiation direction, it was found that up to a fluence of l.l {times} l0{sup 27} e/m{sup 2} graphite remained crystalline. An SAD pattern of a specimen irradiated with the electron beam perpendicular to the c-axis confirmed the persistence of crystalline order. High resolution electron microscopy showed that ordering along the c-axis direction remained. A density reduction of 8.9% due to irradiation was determined from the plasmon frequency shift. A qualitative model is proposed to explain these observations. A new determination of the threshold displacement energy, E{sub d}, of carbon atoms in graphite was done by examining the appearance of a continuous ring in the SAD pattern at various electron energies. A value of 30 eV was obtained whether the incident electron beammore » was parallel or perpendicular to the c-axis, demonstrating that E{sub d} is independent of the displacement direction.« less
Crystalline Rare-Earth Oxides as High-k Materials for Future CMOS Technologies (2007)

We present results for crystalline gadolinium oxides on silicon in the cubic bixbyite structure grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. Additional oxygen supply during growth improves the dielectric properties significantly. Experimental results for Gd2O3-based MOS capacitors grown under optimized conditions show that these layers are excellent candidates for application as very thin high-k materials replacing SiO2 in future MOS devices. Epitaxial growth of lanthanide oxides on silicon without any interfacial layer has the advantage of enabling defined interfaces engineering. We will show that the electrical properties of epitaxial Gd2O3 thin films on Si substrates can further be improved significantly by an atomic control of interfacial structures due to a proper treatment of silicon surface prior to the oxide growth.