gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neurotechnology-aided interventions for upper limb motor rehabilitation in severe chronic stroke (2019)

Upper limb motor deficits in severe stroke survivors often remain unresolved over extended time periods. Novel neurotechnologies have the potential to significantly support upper limb motor restoration in severely impaired stroke individuals. Here, we review recent controlled clinical studies and reviews focusing on the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of single and combined technology-aided interventions for upper limb motor rehabilitation after stroke, including robotics, muscular electrical stimulation, brain stimulation and brain computer/machine interfaces. We aim at identifying possible guidance for the optimal use of these new technologies to enhance upper limb motor recovery especially in severe chronic stroke patients. We found that the current literature does not provide enough evidence to support strict guidelines, because of the variability of the procedures for each intervention and of the heterogeneity of the stroke population. The present results confirm that neurotechnology-aided upper limb rehabilitation is promising for severe chronic stroke patients, but the combination of interventions often lacks understanding of single intervention mechanisms of action, which may not reflect the summation of single intervention's effectiveness. Stroke rehabilitation is a long and complex process, and one single intervention administrated in a short time interval cannot have a large impact for motor recovery, especially in severely impaired patients. To design personalized interventions combining or proposing different interventions in sequence, it is necessary to have an excellent understanding of the mechanisms determining the effectiveness of a single treatment in this heterogeneous population of stroke patients. We encourage the identification of objective biomarkers for stroke recovery for patients' stratification and to tailor treatments. Furthermore, the advantage of longitudinal personalized trial designs compared to classical double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials as the basis for precise personalized stroke rehabilitation medicine is discussed. Finally, we also promote the necessary conceptual change from 'one-suits-all' treatments within in-patient clinical rehabilitation set-ups towards personalized home-based treatment strategies, by adopting novel technologies merging rehabilitation and motor assistance, including implantable ones.
Boundary extraction using statistical shape descriptor (2002)

An algorithm is proposed for extracting an object boundary from a low-quality image obtained by infrared sensors. With the training data set, the global shape is modelled by incorporating the statistical curvature model into the point distribution model (PDM). Simulation results show better performance than the PDM in the sense of computation speed and distortion under noise, pose variation and some kinds of occlusions.
BCIRG 001 Molecular Analysis: Prognostic Factors in Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy (2010)

We conclude that the expression in primary tumors of Ki-67 and p53 protein, as well as of the microtubule-related parameters tau protein and tubulin III, are independent prognostic factors in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer but are not predictive of benefit from docetaxel-containing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Replacement of the phosphodiester linkage in DNA with sulfamide and 3′-N-sulfamate groups (2000)

Replacing phosphodiester linkages in DNA with neutral 3′-N-sulfamate groups has little effect on the binding affinity for complementary DNA or RNA, whereas incorporation of sulfamide groups into DNA results in considerable destabilisation of isosequential duplexes.
Structural and functional characterization of elastases from horse neutrophils (1994)

In order better to understand the pathophysiology of the equine form of emphysema, two elastinolytic enzymes from horse neutrophils, referred to as proteinases 2A and 2B, have been extensively characterized and compared with the human neutrophil proteinases, proteinase-3 and elastase. Specificity studies using both the oxidized insulin B-chain and synthetic peptides revealed that cleavage of peptide bonds with P1 alanine or valine residues was preferred. Further characterization of the two horse elastases by N-terminal sequence and reactive-site analyses indicated that proteinases 2A and 2B have considerable sequence similarity to each other, to proteinase-3 from human neutrophils (proteinase 2A), to human neutrophil elastase (proteinase 2B) and to a lesser extent to pig pancreatic elastase. Horse and human elastases differed somewhat in their interaction with some natural protein proteinase inhibitors. For example, in contrast with its action on human neutrophil elastase, aprotinin did not inhibit either of the horse proteinases. However, the Val15, alpha-aminobutyric acid-15 (Abu15), alpha-aminovaleric acid-15 (Nva15) and Ala15 reactive-site variants of aprotinin were good inhibitors of proteinase 2B (Ki < 10(-9) M) but only weak inhibitors of proteinase 2A (Ki > 10(-7) M). In summary, despite these differences, the horse neutrophil elastases were found to resemble closely their human counterparts, thus implicating them in the pathological degradation of connective tissue in chronic lung diseases in the equine species.
Quasi-Phase-Matched Optical Parametric Oscillator Using Periodically Poled MgO-Doped LiNbO 3 Crystal (1999)

A 0.5-mm-thick periodically poled MgO-doped (5 mol%) LiNbO 3 (PPMgLN) crystal with domain-inverted periods of 26.2–32.0 µm and an interaction length of 30 mm has been successfully fabricated by an electric field poling process. The average ratios of the domain-inverted width to the domain-inverted period (duty cycle) were approximately 50%. Experiments on quasi-phase-matched (QPM) optical parametric oscillation (OPO) using a PPMgLN crystal were performed. During QPM-OPO, the PPMgLN crystal exhibited a higher resistance to photorefractive damage than did a periodically poled LiNbO 3 (PPLN) crystal. OPO properties of the PPMgLN crystal at 20°C were comparable to those of a PPLN crystal heated to ∼100°C to prevent photorefractive damage, which enables operation in the steady state at room temperature.
Response assessment in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: update from the VIth International Workshop (2012)

This report represents a further update of the consensus panel criteria for the assessment of clinical response in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM). These criteria have been updated in light of further data demonstrating an improvement in categorical responses with new drug regimens as well as acknowledgement of the fact that such responses are predictive of overall outcome. A number of key changes are proposed but challenges do however remain and these include the variability in kinetics of immunoglobulin M (IgM) reduction with different treatment modalities and the apparent discrepancy between IgM and bone marrow/tissue response noted with some regimens. Planned sequential bone marrow assessments are encouraged in clinical trials.
Computed Tomographic Demonstration of Inferior Vena Cava Invasion in a Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1978)

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with neoplastic invasion of the inferior vena cava is presented. Computed tomograms before and after injection of contrast medium revealed an unusual density enhancement of the wall of the invaded portion of the vena cava. This sign is correlated with an angiographic sign of venous invasion present in our case.
Biomarker‐guided clinical development of the first‐in‐class anti‐inflammatory FPR2/ALX agonist ACT‐389949 (2016)

FPR2/ALX agonism with ACT-389949 was shown to be safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects. Receptor internalization and downstream mediators pointed towards a desensitization of the system, which may explain the lack of effect on neutrophil recruitment in the LPS challenge model.
Molecular basis of the optochin‐sensitive phenotype of pneumococcus: characterization of the genes encoding the F0 complex of the Streptococcus pneumoniaeStreptococcus oralis H+‐ATPases (1994)

The gene responsible for the optochin-sensitive (OptS) phenotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been characterized. Sequence comparisons indicated that the genes involved encoded the subunits of the F0 complex of an H(+)-ATPase. Sequence analysis and transformation experiments showed that the atpC gene is responsible for the optochin-sensitive resistant (OptS/OptR) phenotype. Our results also show that natural as well as laboratory OptR isolates have arisen by point mutations that produce different amino acid changes at positions 48, 49 or 50 of the ATPase c subunit. The nucleotide sequence of the F0 complex of the Streptococcus oralis ATPase has also been determined. In addition, comparison of the sequence of the atpCAB genes of S. pneumoniae R6 (OptS) and M222 (an OptR strain produced by interspecies recombination between pneumococcus and S. oralis), and S. oralis revealed that, in M222, an interchange of atpC and atpA had occurred. We also demonstrate that optochin specifically inhibited the membrane-bound ATPase activity of the S. pneumoniae wild-type (OptS) strains, and found a 100-fold difference between OptS and OptR strains, both in growth inhibition and in membrane ATPase resistance.
Combretastatin anlogues: synthesis and biological evaluation of new disubstituted analogues of 6-methoxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxy-benzoyl)-1H-indole (BPR0L075), as potential antivascular agents (2008)

6-Methoxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxy-benzoyl)-1H-indole (BPR0L075) (1) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization which exhibits both in vitro and in vivo activities against a broad spectrum of solid tumours. This compound was originally designed as a heterocyclic analogue of combretastatin A4 (CA-4), a natural stilbene derivative that disrupts the tumour vasculature and causes tumour regression [1,2]. We describe here the design and synthesis of two disubstituted analogues of 1 (i.e. 15 and 8), presenting the B-ring substitution pattern of CA-4, along with their biological evaluation as potential antivascular agents. New compound 15, bearing a hydroxyl group at the 7-position of the indole nucleus that mimics the hydroxyl group at the 3-position of the B-ring of CA-4, was identified as a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization and also as a cytotoxic agent at nanomolar levels. In addition, compound 15 displayed marked morphological activity (rounding up) at nanomolar concentrations on endothelial cells, which is indicative of potential antivascular activity. The SAR are discussed here.
Adherence to antidepressant medications is associated with reduced premature mortality in patients with cancer: A nationwide cohort study (2019)

The present study is the first to demonstrate that higher adherence to AD is associated with a decrease of all-cause mortality in a large nationwide cohort of cancer patients. Our data add to the pressing need to encourage adherence to AD among cancer patients.
Early Repolarization in Young Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Versus Normal Controls: A Retrospective Preliminary Chart Review Study (2009)

The rate of ER in children with ADHD is significantly higher than in normal controls. Its clinical significance awaits further research.
A sound-based online method for estimating the time-varying posture of a hose-shaped robot (2014)

This paper presents an online method that can accurately estimate the time-varying posture of a moving hose-shaped robot having multiple microphones and loudspeakers. Sound-based posture estimation has been considered to be promising for circumventing the cumulative error problem of conventional integral-type methods using differential information obtained by inertial sensors. Our robot emits a reference signal from a loud-speaker one by one and estimates its posture by measuring the time differences of arrival (TDOAs) at the microphones. To accurately estimate the posture of the robot (the relative positions of the microphones and loudspeakers) even when the robot moves, we propose a novel state-space model that represents the dynamics of not only the posture itself but also its change rate in the state space. This model is used for predicting the current posture by using an unscented Kalman filter. The experiments using a 3m moving hose-shaped robot with eight microphones and seven loudspeakers showed that our method achieved less than 20 cm error at the tip position even after the robot moved over a long time, whereas the estimation error obtained by a conventional integral-type method increased monotonically over time.
Compact 160-Gb/s demultiplexer using a single-stage electrically gated electroabsorption modulator (2003)

Direct 160-10-Gb/s demultiplexing using a single-stage electrically gated electroabsorption modulator is reported for the first time. The drive signal consists of two mixed microwave tones used to reduce the gating window width to under 5.7 ps for both TE and TM modes. Error-free operation is obtained without an observed error floor. This single-stage design is compared to a dual-stage demultiplexer (160-40 and 40-10 Gb/s) and experimental results show that the power penalty is lower for the single-stage demultiplexer, illustrating both the performance and complexity advantages of the new design.
Stereoselective Reactions of δ2-Isoxazoline Exo-azaenolates. A Model for Construction of the C-Ring of Sesbanimide A (1990)

Abstract A Stereoselective aldol reaction between bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy) acetone and an isoxazoline-derived azaenolate is a key step in the construction of a C-ring model of sesbanimide A.
Design, Synthesis, and Preclinical Efficacy of Novel Nonretinoid Antagonists of Retinol-Binding Protein 4 in the Mouse Model of Hepatic Steatosis (2019)

Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) serves as a transporter for all- trans-retinol (1) in the blood, and it has been proposed to act as an adipokine. Elevated plasma levels of the protein have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, adipocyte-specific overexpression of RBP4 was reported to cause hepatic steatosis in mice. We previously identified an orally bioavailable RBP4 antagonist that significantly lowered RBP4 serum levels in Abca4<sup>-/-</sup> knockout mice with concomitant normalization of complement system protein expression and reduction of bisretinoid formation within the retinal pigment epithelium. We describe herein the discovery of novel RBP4 antagonists 48 and 59, which reduce serum RBP4 levels by >80% in mice upon acute oral dosing. Furthermore, 59 demonstrated efficacy in the transgenic adi-hRBP4 murine model of hepatic steatosis, suggesting that RBP4 antagonists may also have therapeutic utility for the treatment of NAFLD.
Identification of putative domain linkers by a neural network – application to a large sequence database (2006)

Abstract Background The reliable dissection of large proteins into structural domains represents an important issue for structural genomics/proteomics projects. To provide a practical approach to this issue, we tested the ability of neural network to identify domain linkers from the SWISSPROT database (101602 sequences). Results Our search detected 3009 putative domain linkers adjacent to or overlapping with domains, as defined by sequence similarity to either Protein Data Bank (PDB) or Conserved Domain Database (CDD) sequences. Among these putative linkers, 75% were "correctly" located within 20 residues of a domain terminus, and the remaining 25% were found in the middle of a domain, and probably represented failed predictions. Moreover, our neural network predicted 5124 putative domain linkers in structurally un-annotated regions without sequence similarity to PDB or CDD sequences, which suggest to the possible existence of novel structural domains. As a comparison, we performed the same analysis by identifying low-complexity regions (LCR), which are known to encode unstructured polypeptide segments, and observed that the fraction of LCRs that correlate with domain termini is similar to that of domain linkers. However, domain linkers and LCRs appeared to identify different types of domain boundary regions, as only 32% of the putative domain linkers overlapped with LCRs. Conclusion Overall, our study indicates that the two methods detect independent and complementary regions, and that the combination of these methods can substantially improve the sensitivity of the domain boundary prediction. This finding should enable the identification of novel structural domains, yielding new targets for large scale protein analyses.
J0260103 Measurement of flight force of a fruit fly using a MEMS multi axis force sensor (2015)

This paper reports on measurement method of aerodynamic force of a fruit fly (Drosophila) during flapping motion using a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) multi axis force sensor. The proposed MEMS multi axis force sensor is composed of a Si probe and supported beams whose surface or sidewall area is doped to measure 3 axis forces and moment around the probe. The sensor size is approximately 1800 μm × 2800 μm × 35 μm. The force and moment resolution are designed to be under 1 μN and 1.0 μNm, respectively. The aerodynamic force vector can be detected by attaching a fruit fly to the tip of the probe. Using the fabricated force sensor, we developed sensor attachment setup and experimental setup to measure aerodynamic force of a fruit fly.
Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers (2018)

Wide-bandgap perovskites are attractive top-cell materials for tandem photovoltaic applications. Comprehensive optical modeling is essential to minimize the optical losses of state-of-the-art perovskite/perovskite, perovskite/CIGS, and perovskite/silicon tandems. Such models require accurate optical constants of wide-bandgap perovskites. Here, we report optical constants determined with ellipsometry and spectrophotometry for two new wide-bandgap, cesium-formamidinium-based perovskites. We validate the optical constants by comparing simulated quantum efficiency and reflectance spectra with measured cell results for semi-transparent single-junction perovskite cells and find less than 0.3 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> error in the short-circuit current densities. Such simulations further reveal that reflection and parasitic absorption in the front ITO layer and electron contact are responsible for the biggest optical losses. We also show that the complex refractive index of methylammonium lead triiodide, the most common perovskite absorber for solar cells, can be used to generate approximate optical constants for an arbitrary wide-bandgap perovskite by translating the data along the wavelength axis. Finally, these optical constants are used to map the short-circuit current density of a textured two-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell as a function of the perovskite thickness and bandgap, providing a guide to nearly 20 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> matched current density with any perovskite bandgap between 1.56 and 1.68 eV.
Influence of electric field at the electrode/electrolyte interface on EXAFS results (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of electric field at the electrode/electrolyte interface on EXAFS resultsMahesh G. SamantCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 4, 1113–1115Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00088a041https://doi.org/10.1021/la00088a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning of Optical Band Gaps: Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Optical Properties of CsLnZnSe3 (Ln: Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y). (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hybrid 320 Ton Off Highway Haul Truck: Quarterly Technical Status Report 7, DOE/AL68080-TSR07 (2004)

Analysis and results show hybrid system weight and efficiency affect productivity and fuel usage. Analysis shows equivalent hybrid benefits for adjacent size classes of mine truck. Preparations are ongoing for full power test. The battery cycling test protocol was modified.
A Nonlinear Analytical Model for Magnetorheological Energy Absorbers Under Impact Conditions (2009)

Linear stroke magnetorheological energy absorbers (MREAs) can be used to adaptively control load-stroke profiles under impact loads. An appropriate and controllable dynamic range, defined as the ratio of the force at maximum field to the off-state force, as well as the off-state (minimum) damping force, must be specified in order to account for varying payload mass over a wide range of MREA operating velocities. A key challenge when designing MREAs for high speed impact conditions is that the high shaft speeds in linear stroke MREAs induce high Reynolds number flows in the magnetic valve of the MREA, so that high dynamic range canbe a design challenge. Previous studies demonstrated that the dynamic range, D, of an MREA under high speed drop impact test dramatically dropped to D≈1 as velocity rose to 6.6 m/s, where Reynolds number, Re&gt;2000. Also, past research on MREAs typically assumed that the off-state force increases linearly with speed, but at the higher shaft speeds occurring in impact events, the off-state damping exhibits nonlinear velocity squared damping effects. This problem was recognized in our prior work where it was shown that minor losses are important contributing factors to off-state damping. In this study, a nonlinear analytical MREA model, based on the Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model (BP model), is combined with semi-analytical minor loss factors to develop a BPM model. From this BPM model, an effective design strategy is presented for conventional MREAs and an MREA designed. The BPM model was validated via finite element analysis (FEA), so that MREA performance could be verified before manufacture. The MREA was fabricated and tested up to effective piston velocity of 5 m/s using the high speed drop tower facility at GM R&amp;D Center. Comparison of our analysis with measured data shows that the BPM model can accurately predict off-state (passive) MREA performance under impact conditions, and the effective deign of the MREA using the BPM was validated.