gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent Resource Allocation in OFDMA Networks for Real-Time and Non-Real-Time Traffic (2007)

We consider optimal allocation of resources to users in a downlink OFDMA system to support heterogeneous applications consisting of both deadline-sensitive (DS) and best- effort (BE) users. Given the user rate-requirements and long- term statistics, the proposed persistent scheduling algorithm allocates the minimum resources to 'just' meet the deadlines for DS packets. The remaining resources are optimally split to maximize a rate objective for BE users. We resort to a greedy- tone allocation algorithm to solve the optimization problem. By considering persistent scheduling instead of instantaneous scheduling, the proposed scheme's complexity and required feedback overhead is significantly reduced, hence a practical algorithm for a real-system.
Regenerated single pulse fiber Bragg gratings for high temperature sensing (2011)

Regeneration of fiber Bragg gratings has been shown to be an effective method for improving the temperature stability well beyond the limit of conventional gratings. Strong gratings, which require a high number of laser pulses, have been used mostly in the past for the additional regeneration process. Specific production methods such as draw tower inscription allow only single laser pulse illumination. Such a process can provide, however, versatile and cost effective Bragg grating arrays for sensor applications. Therefore, a combination of single pulse gratings and a regeneration process is of great practical interest. We have demonstrated that an increase of the temperature stability up to 800°C for arrays of single pulse gratings is possible. Furthermore we observe a stronger regeneration for 800 nm wavelength gratings with considerably higher reflectivity after the thermal process compared to gratings for the 1550nm wavelength range.
Sialylated and sulfated N-Glycans in MDCK and engineered MDCK cells for influenza virus studies (2022)

The Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line is an in vitro model for influenza A virus (IAV) infection and propagation. MDCK-SIAT1 (SIAT1) and humanized MDCK (hCK) cell lines are engineered MDCK cells that express N-glycans with elevated levels of sialic acid (Sia) in α2,6-linkage (α2,6-Sia) that are recognized by many human IAVs. To characterize the N-glycan structures in these cells and the potential changes compared to the parental MDCK cell line resulting from engineering, we analyzed the N-glycans from these cells at different passages, using both mass spectrometry and specific lectin and antibody binding. We observed significant differences between the three cell lines in overall complex N-glycans and terminal galactose modifications. MDCK cells express core fucosylated, bisected complex-type N-glycans at all passage stages, in addition to expressing α2,6-Sia on short N-glycans and α2,3-Sia on larger N-glycans. By contrast, SIAT1 cells predominantly express α2,6-Sia glycans and greatly reduced level of α2,3-Sia glycans. Additionally, they express bisected, sialylated N-glycans that are scant in MDCK cells. The hCK cells exclusively express α2,6-Sia glycans. Unexpectedly, hCK glycoproteins bound robustly to the plant lectin MAL-1, indicating α2,3-Sia glycans, but such binding was not Sia-dependent and closely mirrored that of an antibody that recognizes glycans with terminal 3-O-sulfate galactose (3-O-SGal). The 3-O-SGal epitope is highly expressed in N-glycans on multiple hCK glycoproteins. These results indicate vastly different N-glycomes between MDCK cells and the engineered clones that could relate to IAV infectivity.
PLC Concept for LVDC Distribution Systems (2011)

The basis for smart grids is the implementation of active functionalities that interconnect the power system stakeholders, such as electricity end users (customers), producers, retailers, and system operators in a novel manner. Not only electric energy but also data flows are required between all the actors involved. A communication network between components and actuators is needed for functionalities such as grid operation, monitoring, and protection. This article studies powerline communication for a low-voltage direct current distribution system. An LVDC system is considered as part of future smart grids. The channel characteristic measurements carried out for an LVDC laboratory setup and the subsequent theoretical and practical analysis show that the studied LVDC distribution system provides a suitable medium for the high frequency band PLC between 5 and 20 MHz when an inductive PLC signal coupling method is used. Moreover, the article proposes an IP-based PLC network concept for the LVDC system; the concept is based on commercial industrial compliant HF band PLC modems.
Cancer stem cells in basic science and in translational oncology: can we translate into clinical application? (2015)

Since their description and identification in leukemias and solid tumors, cancer stem cells (CSC) have been the subject of intensive research in translational oncology. Indeed, recent advances have led to the identification of CSC markers, CSC targets, and the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the CSC-eradicating (curative) potential of various drugs. However, although diverse CSC markers and targets have been identified, several questions remain, such as the origin and evolution of CSC, mechanisms underlying resistance of CSC against various targeted drugs, and the biochemical basis and function of stroma cell-CSC interactions in the so-called 'stem cell niche.' Additional aspects that have to be taken into account when considering CSC elimination as primary treatment-goal are the genomic plasticity and extensive subclone formation of CSC. Notably, various cell fractions with different combinations of molecular aberrations and varying proliferative potential may display CSC function in a given neoplasm, and the related molecular complexity of the genome in CSC subsets is considered to contribute essentially to disease evolution and acquired drug resistance. In the current article, we discuss new developments in the field of CSC research and whether these new concepts can be exploited in clinical practice in the future.
Processing Uncertainty Queries in Database Management Systems (1998)

Emerging applications, including many military applications, require explicit mechanisms to represent and process uncertainty in queries and in the data stored in databases. Most current approaches to supporting uncertainty in queries layer a reasoning component on top of existing relational database management systems (DBMSs) which resolves the uncertainty in queries outside of the DBMS. While the layered approach is attractive due to its simplicity and since it requires minimal extensions to existing DBMS technology, it has some fundamental shortcomings which limit its usefulness to only simplistic applications. This paper proposes an extended relational model together with a suitably extended relational algebra as an alternative mechanism to incorporating uncertainty in queries. In contrast to the layered approach, the proposed model allows uncertainty to permeate database processing overcoming many of its limitations. The paper identies challenging research issues that we are curr...
Asymmetric formation of coated pits on dorsal and ventral surfaces at the leading edges of motile cells and on protrusions of immobile cells (2015)

Clathrin/AP2-coated vesicles are the principal endocytic carriers originating at the plasma membrane. In the experiments reported here, we used spinning-disk confocal and lattice light-sheet microscopy to study the assembly dynamics of coated pits on the dorsal and ventral membranes of migrating U373 glioblastoma cells stably expressing AP2 tagged with enhanced green fluorescence (AP2-EGFP) and on lateral protrusions from immobile SUM159 breast carcinoma cells, gene-edited to express AP2-EGFP. On U373 cells, coated pits initiated on the dorsal membrane at the front of the lamellipodium and at the approximate boundary between the lamellipodium and lamella and continued to grow as they were swept back toward the cell body; coated pits were absent from the corresponding ventral membrane. We observed a similar dorsal/ventral asymmetry on membrane protrusions from SUM159 cells. Stationary coated pits formed and budded on the remainder of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of both types of cells. These observations support a previously proposed model that invokes net membrane deposition at the leading edge due to an imbalance between the endocytic and exocytic membrane flow at the front of a migrating cell.
Enhanced Performance of Carbon Nanotube Immobilized Membrane for the Treatment of High Salinity Produced Water via Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (2020)

Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising desalination technology for the treatment of high salinity water. Here, we investigated the fouling characteristics of produced water obtained from hydraulic fracturing by implementing a carbon nanotube immobilized membrane (CNIM) via direct contact membrane distillation. The CNIM exhibited enhanced water vapor flux and antifouling characteristics compared to the pristine membrane. The normalized flux decline with the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane after 7 h of operation was found to be 18.2% more than the CNIM. The addition of 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic acid (HEDP) antiscalant was found to be effective in reducing the membrane fouling. The salt deposition on the membrane surface was 77% less in the CNIM, which was further reduced with the addition of HEDP in the feed by up to 135.4% in comparison with the PTFE membrane. The presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the membrane surface also facilitated the regenerability of the membrane. The results indicated that the CNIM regained 90.9% of its initial water flux after washing, whereas the unmodified PTFE only regained 81.1% of its initial flux after five days of operation.
BET, SRC, and BCL2 family inhibitors are synergistic drug combinations with PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer (2020)

These findings propose therapeutic strategies to address PARP inhibitor resistance using agents that are already approved or are in clinical development, with the potential for rapid translation to benefit a broad population of ovarian cancer patients.
Flicker Forensics for Pirate Device Identification (2015)

Cryptography-based content protection is an efficient means to protect multimedia content during transport. Nevertheless, content is eventually decrypted at rendering time, leaving it vulnerable to piracy e.g. using a camcorder to record movies displayed on an LCD screen. Such type of piracy naturally imprints a visible flicker signal in the pirate video due to the interplay between the rendering and acquisition devices. The parameters of such flicker are inherently tied to the characteristics of the pirate devices such as the back-light of the LCD screen and the read-out time of the camcorder. In this article, we introduce a forensic methodology to estimate such parameters by analyzing the flicker signal present in pirate recordings. Experimental results clearly showcase that the accuracy of these estimation techniques offers efficient means to tell-tale which devices have been used for piracy thanks to the variety of factory settings used by consumer electronics manufacturers.
Apparatus and methods for storing and releasing hydrogen (2023)

A rechargeable device that stores and discharges hydrogen is described. The device stores hydrogen in a solid form and supplies hydrogen as a gas when needed. The solid storage medium may be metal hydride in a ground particle form that avoids the need for compaction or other treatment. Dividers partition a container into separate chambers, each provided with a matrix, formed from an appropriate material like a thermally-conductive aluminum foam, which forms a number of cells. For proper chamber size, the ratio of chamber length to container diameter should be between about 0.5 and 2. Metal hydride particles (or other hydrogen storage medium) may be placed within the cells, which help prevent excessive particle settling. The container is provided with a hydrogen transfer port through which hydrogen gas passes upon either discharging from or charging of the metal hydride particles. A filter may be placed within the port to allow hydrogen to flow but prevent particles from escaping. A heat transferring surface is formed by, for instance, a channel that is thermally coupled with the aluminum foam. Fluid flows through the channel to deliver or remove heat during the respective hydrogen discharging or charging processes.
Impact of Area Contact Between Sensor Bulb and Evaporator Return Line on Modular Refrigeration Unit: Computational and Experimental (2005)

In the past, virtually all commercial computers were designed to operate at temperatures above the ambient and were primarily air-cooled. However, researchers have always known the advantages of operating electronics at low temperatures. This facilitates faster switching time of semiconductor devices, increased circuit speeds due to lower electrical resistance of interconnecting materials, and reduction in thermally induced failures of devices and components. Depending on the doping characteristics of the chip, performance improvement ranges from 1% to 3% for every 10°C lower transistor temperature can be realized. The IBM S/390 high-end server system is the first IBM design which uses a conventional refrigeration system to maintain the chip temperatures below that of comparable air-cooled systems, but well above cryogenic temperature. In previous work, the focus was to study the effect of variation of evaporator outlet superheat on the flow through thermostatic expansion valve at varying evaporator temperature. The effect of change in bulb location and effect of bulb time constant on the hunting at the evaporator has been reported. The effect of area contact on the stability of the system is been predicted theoretically. Mechanical analysis is performed in order to check the stresses induced. The evaporator return line and the sensor bulb are simply attached. The effect of area contact is further studied experimentally on an experimental bench.
The Cancer Therapy-Related Clonal Hematopoiesis Driver Gene Ppm1d Promotes Inflammation and Non-Ischemic Heart Failure in Mice (2021)

[Figure: see text].
Continuous secretion of human soluble CD4 in mice transplanted with genetically modified cells. (1995)

Somatic transgenesis can be used to confer endogenous production of proteins with therapeutic properties. One such product, recombinant soluble human CD4 (sCD4), has been shown to be an efficient inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in vitro, but its too short half-life in vivo has impaired long-term clinical trials in AIDS patients. Using a retroviral vector, we introduced the cDNA of sCD4 into primary mouse fibroblasts. The cells were enclosed in a lattice of collagen and synthetic fibers coated with basic fibroblast growth factor, and implanted in the peritoneal cavity of syngeneic mice. Implantation of such sCD4-secreting organoids into cyclosporin A-treated C3H mice elicited a strong antibody response against sCD4. Implantation of sCD4-secreting organoids into immunotolerant mice (transgenic for transmembrane human CD4) resulted in continuous sCD4 production, detected during 60 days in animal sera. The serum levels obtained were significant, but too limited as yet for anti-HIV purposes. Nevertheless, this model may be of interest in various fields, as it provides the first demonstration that one potentially therapeutic protein, despite its half-life of a few hours, could remain present in vivo 2 months after a single somatic transgenesis.
A Head-to-Head Comparison of the In Vitro Coagulation Effects of Saline-Based and Balanced Electrolyte Crystalloid and Colloid Intravenous Fluids (2006)

Both fluid composition (e.g., type of hydroxyethyl starch) and formulation (e.g., saline or balanced salt carrier solution) may alter whole blood coagulation. We therefore enrolled 10 healthy volunteers to test ex vivo, thrombelastograph-based blood coagulation differences of eight crystalloid and colloid solutions at 20%, 40%, and 60% dilutions. Saline and lactated Ringer's solution produced a hypercoagulable state at 20%-40% dilutions. Saline, hetastarch in saline, pentastarch in saline, tetrastarch in saline, and human albumin solutions all produced a hypocoagulable state at 60% dilution. Hetastarch in saline also produced a hypocoagulable state at 40% dilution. The larger molecular weight starches produced more intense coagulation abnormalities than the medium molecular weight compounds formulated similarly (i.e., suspended in saline or balanced salt solution). The balanced salt solutions caused fewer coagulation abnormalities, especially pentastarch in balanced salt solution. This balanced salt pentastarch preparation produced the least derangement of coagulation of the colloid solutions at all dilutions, causing hypercoagulability at the lower dilutions and minimal coagulation derangement at 60% dilution. These data support the theory that smaller molecular weight hydroxyethyl starches and colloids suspended in balanced salt solutions preserve coagulation better than large molecular weight starches and saline-based colloids, as judged by thrombelastography.
ENERGY REDISTRIBUTION IN "ISOLATED" VIBRATIONAL MODES OF PARA ALKYLSUBSTITUTED ANILINES (1980)

Author Institution:
Molecular Self-Diffusion in Micellar and Discrete Cubic Phases of an Ionic Surfactant with Mixed Monovalent/Polymeric Counterions (2003)

The molecular self-diffusion in concentrated aqueous mixtures based on an oppositely charged polymer−surfactant pair has been investigated by NMR pulsed field gradient techniques. The investigated structures were an ordered cubic Pm3n phase (ca. 50 wt % water) and a disordered micellar phase, both containing cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) micelles with mixed acetate (Ac-) and polyacrylate (PA-) counterions. In the cubic phase, CTA+ gave broad lines in the 1H NMR spectrum, which made it possible to use the pulsed field gradient (PFG) spin echo (SE) technique to measure the PA- diffusion. The observed diffusion coefficients for the four different molecular species covered 4 orders of magnitude with the rate of diffusion decreasing in the order water > Ac- > PA- > CTA+. For all species, the diffusion coefficients were largely insensitive to the counterion composition. A model considering obstruction effects and binding to the micelles could account for the reduced diffusion of Ac- and CTA+ compared to dilute reference solutions. For water, the reduction of the diffusion was mainly due to obstruction effects. The PA- diffusion was much more retarded than the Ac- diffusion in the cubic phase; moreover, the molecular weight dependence of the diffusion was dramatically enhanced for the polydisperse polyion. Both effects are attributed to electrostatic attractions and obstruction effects experienced by polyions diffusing in a concentrated matrix of stationary micelles.
A Framework for the Discovery of Passive-Control, Minimum Energy Satellite Constellations (2014)

The hypothesis that high fidelity astrodynamics simulations that account for orbital perturbations can be exploited to discover passive control and/or minimum energy satellite constellations to dramatically reduce propellant demands and improve coverage performance, is explored. A new framework that couples many-objective evolutionary algorithms, high fidelity astrodynamics simulation, massive parallel computing, and visual analytics, is introduced and demonstrated to revisit Draim’s original 4-satellite global coverage problem. Draim’s original constellation design has a 60% coverage deterioration due to orbital perturbations over a 10 year period. A significant finding of this study is that this deterioration can be effectively eliminated through the discovery of constellation configurations that are capable of using perturbing accelerations instead of propellant to restore global coverage performance over decadal time scales. Further, a generalized stationkeeping model is contributed that when incorporated into the framework allows for a complete characterization of the performance tradeoffs that emerge when using passive control to seek minimum energy designs. With the investment of over 21 million hours of compute time, the results are drawn from one of the largest computational experiments to-date for the design of satellite constellations. Overall this study contributes a new paradigm for the way we conceive, design, and populate satellite constellations.
High Energy Lithium-Ion Battery Using Substituted LiCoPO4 (2017)

There is a constant drive to improve the specific energy and energy density of the state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery. High energy can be achieved by either choosing a cathode material that operates at a higher potential or has a higher specific capacity. Compared with the conventional 4-V cathodes such as LiCoO 2 (LCO), LiNi x Co y Al z O 2 (NCA), LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) and 3.5-V LiFePO 4 (LFP), LiCoPO 4 (LCP) operates at 4.8 V (vs. Li/Li + ) with a theoretic capacity of 167 mAh g -1 , resulting in a specific energy of ~800 Wh kg -1 , which is about 25% higher than those of the conventional LFP and LMO lithium-ion batteries. Although Co is more expensive than the other transition metals, the energy cost of LCP is expected to be cheaper than all commercialized lithium-ion batteries on the market [1] due to the improved energy density (FIG.1). However, LCP suffers from severe capacity fade due to the low intrinsic electronic/ionic conductivity, structure deterioration and electrolyte decomposition [2]. In order to improve the cyclability and reduce the cost of LCP, Co ions were partially substituted by cheaper elements such as Fe, Cr and Si etc [3]. Meanwhile, a carbon-coating was used to improve the electronic conductivity of LCP. Electrochemical tests showed that both carbon-coating and substitution greatly improved the cycling performance of LCP, which suggests that the substituted LCP is a very promising cathode candidate for high energy lithium-ion battery. References [1] S. Brutti, S. Panero, ACS Symposium Series , 1140 , Chapter 4, 69 (2013). [2] K. Tadanaga, F. Mizuno, A. Hayashi, T. Minami, M. Tatsumisago, Electrochemistry 71 , 1192 (2003). [3] J. L. Allen, J. L. Allen, T. Thompson, S. A. Delp, J. Wolfenstine, T. Richard Jow, J. Power Sources , 327 , 229 (2016). FIG. 1. Energy density and energy cost of LCP compared with other cathode materials currently used in lithium-ion batteries. Figure 1
DNA ploidy and HPV subtypes in cervical smears of HIV-sero-positive and negative patients. (1997)

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cervical HPV infection and precancerous lesions of the cervix are more common in HIV-seropositive patients. However little is known about the natural history of these lesions in this population. In the present study cervical smears from 36 patients, 18 HIV-seropositive women and 18 matched controls were evaluated with the aim of quantifying morphological alterations and to evaluate DNA ploidy and HPV subtypes. Cervical lesions in HIV-seropositive patients were diploid in 50% of the cases compared to 25% in controls. The only HPVs identified by ISH were types 16/18 and no significant differences were observed in the control population. In contrast, cytological evidence of HPV infection and dysplastic changes was greatly increased in smears from HIV patients compared to HIV-seronegative women. Less than 5% of the cells showed HPV associated changes in controls while 10% to 30% of the cells were affected in HIV-patients. We suggest that the Papanicolaou test should be effective for detecting cervical disease and for a close follow-up of this population. Moreover, while additional studies with larger population groups and different population bases are needed, these findings are suggestive of the possible use of morphological criteria for the identification of HIV-seropositive subjects.