gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crossing the Bridge: Taking Audio DSP from the Textbook to the DSP Design Engineer's Bench (2006)

A set of seven audio digital signal processing (DSP) lab assignments have been developed for intermediate and advanced students in electrical engineering. The laboratory modules are designed to bridge the gap between a solid understanding of the mathematical principles of DSP and the practical issues that arise when implementing algorithms for real time audio processing. The audio DSP lab assignments assume a prerequisite of a one semester course in discrete-time signals and systems. The exercises include basic delay lines, recirculating delay lines for audio effects (echo, flanging, phasing, artificial reverberation), variable and parametric IIR equalizer filters, real time signal synthesis techniques (pseudo-random noise, wave table lookup methods, and direct computation), FFT and short-time Fourier transform (STFT) methods, and nonlinear and adaptive audio processes
A 1/4-inch 8Mpixel back-illuminated stacked CMOS image sensor (2013)

In recent years, cellphone cameras have come to require much more diversification and increased functionalities, due to the strong growth of the smartphone market. In addition to the image quality, speed, and pixel counts that conventional image sensors require, there is high demand for new functions that can respond to various photo-taking scenes. We developed a stacked CMOS image sensor (CIS), composed of conventional back-illuminated (BI) image-sensor technology and 65nm standard logic technology.
Redox-crippled MitoQ potently inhibits breast cancer and glioma cell proliferation: A negative control for verifying the antioxidant mechanism of MitoQ in cancer and other oxidative pathologies (2023)

Mitochondria-targeted coenzyme Q10 (Mito-ubiquinone, Mito-quinone mesylate, or MitoQ) was shown to be an effective antimetastatic drug in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. MitoQ, sold as a nutritional supplement, prevents breast cancer recurrence. It potently inhibited tumor growth and tumor cell proliferation in preclinical xenograft models and in vitro breast cancer cells. The proposed mechanism of action involves the inhibition of reactive oxygen species by MitoQ via a redox-cycling mechanism between the oxidized form, MitoQ, and the fully reduced form, MitoQH2 (also called Mito-ubiquinol). To fully corroborate this antioxidant mechanism, we substituted the hydroquinone group (-OH) with the methoxy group (-OCH<sub>3</sub>). Unlike MitoQ, the modified form, dimethoxy MitoQ (DM-MitoQ), lacks redox-cycling between the quinone and hydroquinone forms. DM-MitoQ was not converted to MitoQ in MDA-MB-231 cells. We tested the antiproliferative effects of both MitoQ and DM-MitoQ in human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), brain-homing cancer (MDA-MB-231BR), and glioma (U87MG) cells. Surprisingly, DM-MitoQ was slightly more potent than MitoQ (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.26 μM versus 0.38 μM) at inhibiting proliferation of these cells. Both MitoQ and DM-MitoQ potently inhibited mitochondrial complex I-dependent oxygen consumption (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.52 μM and 0.17 μM, respectively). This study also suggests that DM-MitoQ, which is a more hydrophobic analog of MitoQ (logP: 10.1 and 8.7) devoid of antioxidant function and reactive oxygen species scavenging ability, can inhibit cancer cell proliferation. We conclude that inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by MitoQ is responsible for inhibition of breast cancer and glioma proliferation and metastasis. Blunting the antioxidant effect using the redox-crippled DM-MitoQ can serve as a useful negative control in corroborating the involvement of free radical-mediated processes (e.g., ferroptosis, protein oxidation/nitration) using MitoQ in other oxidative pathologies.
Improved data normalization methods for reverse phase protein microarray analysis of complex biological samples (2012)

Reverse phase protein microarrays (RPMA) are designed for quantitative, multiplexed analysis of proteins, and their posttranslational modified forms, from a limited amount of sample. To correct for sample to sample variability due to the number of cells in each lysate and the presence of extracellular proteins or red blood cells, a normalization method is required that is independent of these potentially confounding parameters. We adopted a gene microarray algorithm for use with RPMA to optimize the proteomic data normalization process and developed a systematic approach to RPMA processing and analysis, tailored to the study set. Our approach capitalizes on the gene microarray algorithms geNorm and NormFinder to identify the normalization parameter with the lowest variability across a proteomic sample set. Seven analytes (ssDNA, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, α/β-tubulin, mitochondrial ribosomal protein L11, ribosomal protein L13a, β-actin, and total protein) were compared across sample sets including cell lines, tissues subjected to laser capture microdissection, and blood-contaminated tissues. We examined normalization parameters to correct for red blood cell content. We show that single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is proportional to total non-red blood cell content and is a suitable RPMA normalization parameter. Simple modifications to RPMA processing allow flexibility in using ssDNA-or protein-based normalization molecules.
Solid‐phase synthesis of peptides with C‐terminal asparagine or glutamine (1990)

Attempts to anchor Fmoc‐asparagine or glutamine as p ‐alkoxybenzyl esters for solid‐phase peptide synthesis are fraught with difficulties. A convenient and effective method to prepare peptides with C ‐terminal asparagine or glutamine involves quantitative attachment of N x ‐Fmoc‐ C x ‐ tert. ‐butyl aspartate or glutamate via the free ω‐carboxyl groups to a tris(alkoxy)benzylamino (PAL) support. Chain elongation proceeds normally by standard Fmoc chemistry, and treatment with acid, e.g., CF 3 COOH—CH 2 Cl 2 , 90 min at 25°, releases the desired peptides in &gt;95% yields without side reactions at the C ‐terminus. Feasibility of the approach has been demonstrated by the syntheses of the C ‐terminal octapeptide from human proinsulin, H‐Leu‐Ala‐Leu‐Glu‐Gly‐Ser‐Leu‐Gin‐OH, and the serum thymic factor pGlu‐Ala‐Lys‐Ser‐Gln‐Gly‐Gly‐Ser‐Asn‐OH.
Caveolin-1 mediates soft scaffold-enhanced adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (2021)

Soft biomaterials support superior adipogenesis of encapsulated hBMSCs in 3D culture, which is partially mediated by the CAV1-YAP axis. Suppressing CAV1 expression levels represents a robust method in the promotion of hBMSC adipogenesis.
A fully differential ultra-compact broadband transformer based quadrature generation scheme (2013)

This paper presents an ultra-compact transformer-based quadrature generation scheme, which converts a differential input signal to fully differential quadrature outputs with low passive loss, broad bandwidth, and robustness against process variations. A new layout strategy is proposed to implement this 6-port transformer-based network within only one inductor-footprint for significant area saving. A 5 GHz quadrature generation design is implemented in a standard 65 nm CMOS process with a core area of only 260 μm by 260 μm, achieving size reduction of over 1,600 times compared to a 5GHz λ/4 branch-line coupler. This implementation achieves 0.82 dB signal loss at 5 GHz and maximum 3.8° phase error and ±0.5dB amplitude mismatch within a bandwidth of 13% (4.75 GHz to 5.41 GHz). Measurement results over 9 independent samples show a standard phase deviation of 1.9° verifying the robustness of the design.
Catalyst Layer Architectures with Supportless Pt Hollow Spheres for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs) (2015)

Supportless Pt black is an attractive oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) due to its merits such as no concern of support corrosion at high potentials and high durability against Pt dissolution at frequent potential change conditions. However, when the Pt black catalysts were fabricated as MEAs the performance is still lower than the current Pt/C catalysts and they have difficulty in reducing Pt content in the MEAs. In the present study, we have prepared sub-micron size Pt hollow spheres as an alternative catalyst layer architecture for PEFC MEAs. The big Pt spheres were employed to make 3-dimensional catalyst layer architectures and to enhance oxygen transport in catalyst layers, and hollow type Pt was made to reduce Pt content and to facilitate water management. 200 nm Pt hollow spheres with 10 nm shell thickness were prepared using carbon sphere templates. The Pt hollow spheres revealed comparable ORR performance with commercial Pt/C catalyst in a half cell test. Catalyst layer fabrication was also performed using the catalysts by optimizing the catalyst slurries and its fuel cell performance at different operating conditions and durability will be discussed based on single cell test results.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRONIC SPECTRAL STUDY OF SOME IRON(II) MAGNETIC ISOMERS IN SOLUTION AND A SPECTRAL‐STRUCTURAL CORRELATION WITH THEIR NICKEL(II) ANALOGS (1976)

Abstract Durch Kondensation des Amins (I) mit dem Aldehyd (II) (R1 = H) wird der sechszähnige Ligand (III) dargestellt, der mit den Metallsalzen die Komplexe (IVa) liefert.
An Overview and Performance Analysis of CQI Reporting in 5G NR Sidelink (2022)

In this paper, a detailed description and analysis of practical algorithms for CQI evaluation based on CSI-RS for the sidelink mode of the 5G communication system is presented. The processing flow includes the IFFT -based noise level estimation algorithm adjusted for operation in NR sidelink environment. Corresponding noise level transformation into an effective SNR for all considered MIMO modes is presented, with further MCS selection procedure based on the MMIB link abstraction. Overall performance of the CQI index evaluation chain is investigated for the typical sidelink frame parameter in the AWGN channel. The results obtained show that with the proposed scheme, the required accuracy of CQI reporting can be achieved, and this CQI reporting scheme can also be applied to the NR sidelink.
Methyltrioxorhenium(VII) als Epoxidationskatalysator: Struktur der aktiven Spezies und Katalysemechanismus (1993)

In Substanz explosiv ist der Bis(η 2 ‐peroxo)‐Komplex 1 , der in Lösung die aktive Spezies bei der Epoxidation von Olefinen mit [CH 3 ReO 3 ] ist und als Diglyme‐Addukt 2 auch röntgenstrukturanalytisch charakterisiert werden konnte. Unter Katalysebedingungen (H 2 O 2 ‐Überschuß) ist 1 ungleich beständiger als im freien Zustand. magnified image
The Plk-1 Inhibitor BI 2536 Counteracts Proliferation and Viability of CML Cells and Synergizes with Imatinib and Nilotinib (AMN107) in Producing Growth Inhibition. (2007)

Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disease in which BCR/ABL enhances growth and survival of leukemic cells. In most patients, the disease can be kept under control by the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (STI571; Novartis Basel, Switzerland). However, resistance or intolerance against imatinib may occur during therapy. Therefore, current research is focusing on novel targets and targeted drugs in CML. Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk-1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in mitosis and is expressed in activated/phosphorylated form in various malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). BI 2536 (Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Germany) is a novel selective inhibitor of Plk-1, that is currently tested in AML-trials. In this study, we have evaluated expression and the potential role of Plk-1 as a novel target in CML cells. As assessed by PCR, Plk-1 mRNA was found to be expressed abundantly in primary CML cells and in the CML cell line K562, whereas normal peripheral blood cells did not express detectable levels of Plk-1 mRNA. The Plk-1 protein was detected in primary CML cells and K562 cells by immunocytochemistry. In consecutive experiments, we were able to show that CML cells display phosphorylated Plk-1. As assessed by 3H-thymidine-uptake experiments, BI 2536 was found to inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 5–15 nM). Moreover, BI 2536 was found to inhibit the proliferation of both imatinib-naive (n=6) and imatinib-resistant (n=3) primary CML cells (IC50: 1–15 nM). The growth-inhibitory effect of BI 2536 on CML cells was found to be associated with mitotic arrest, a G2-M cell cycle arrest, and consecutive apoptosis. In normal bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, neither mitotic cell arrest nor apoptosis were observed after exposure to BI 2536. In further experiments, primary CML cells were coincubated with BI 2536 plus imatinib or with BI 2536 plus nilotinib (AMN107; Novartis) at fixed ratio of drug concentrations. In these experiments, BI 2536 was found to synergize with both tyrosine kinase inhibitors in counteracting the proliferation of CML cells. In conclusion, our data show that Plk-1 is expressed in activated form in CML cells and plays a role in cell cycle progression and cell viability. Targeting Plk-1 with BI 2536 leads to mitotic arrest, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in imatinib-naive and imatinib-resistant leukemic cells. Moreover, BI 2536 synergizes with imatinib and nilotinib in counteracting the growth of neoplastic cells in CML. Targeting of Plk-1 may be a novel interesting pharmacologic approach to counteract growth of CML cells.
Liquid-metal-based metasurface for terahertz absorption material: Frequency-agile and wide-angle (2017)

Terahertz metasurface absorption materials, which absorb terahertz wave through subwavelength artificial structures, play a key role in terahertz wave shielding and stealth technology, etc. However, most of the metasurface absorption materials in terahertz suffer from limited tuning range and narrow incident angle characteristics. Here, we demonstrate a liquid-metal-based metasurface through microfluidic technology, which functions as a terahertz absorption material with broadband tunability and wide-angle features. The proposed terahertz metasurface absorption material exhibits an experimental tuning range from 0.246 THz to 0.415 THz (the tuning range of central frequency reaches 51.1%), and the tuning range maintains at high level with wide-angle response up to 60°.
Continuous c-Oriented AlPO4-5 Films by Tertiary Growth (2007)

c-Oriented AlPO4-5 films were synthesized by seeded growth on silicon substrates. Secondary hydrothermal treatment of the seeded substrates under conditions that favor c-out-of-plane growth yielded non-intergrown, highly oriented columnar crystals with a length of 7 μm. Modifying the conditions so that in-plane growth is favored and executing yet another (“tertiary”) growth, the crystals obtained by secondary treatment were grown in-plane, along the a-, b-directions, filling the gaps between the columnar grains and yielding well-intergrown, highly oriented, continuous AlPO4-5 films. The oriented films obtained by the technique presented here can be potentially useful for separations and catalysis as well as electronic and electrochemical applications.
Glycidyl alkoxysilane reactivities towards simple nucleophiles in organic media for improved molecular structure definition in hybrid materials (2016)

We report the first comprehensive study of the reactivity in organic media of (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trialkoxysilanes towards common nucleophiles. Their reactivity have to be emphasized in order to design and to improve new sol–gel hybrid synthesis.
Ablation enhancement of silicon by ultrashort double-pulse laser ablation (2014)

In this study, the ultrashort double-pulse ablation of silicon is investigated. An atomistic simulation model is developed to analyze the underlying physics. It is revealed that the double-pulse ablation could significantly increase the ablation rate of silicon, compared with the single pulse ablation with the same total pulse energy, which is totally different from the case of metals. In the long pulse delay range (over 1 ps), the enhancement is caused by the metallic transition of melted silicon with the corresponding absorption efficiency. At ultrashort pulse delay (below 1 ps), the enhancement is due to the electron excitation by the first pulse. The enhancement only occurs at low and moderate laser fluence. The ablation is suppressed at high fluence due to the strong plasma shielding effect.
Multi-Agent Driving Behavior Prediction across Different Scenarios with Self-Supervised Domain Knowledge (2021)

How to make precise multi-agent trajectory prediction is a crucial problem in the context of autonomous driving. It is significant to have the ability to predict surrounding road participants' behaviors in many different, seen or unseen scenarios for enhancing autonomous driving safety and efficiency. Extensive research has been conducted to improve the overall prediction performance based on one enormous dataset or pay attention to some specified scenarios. However, how to generalize the prediction to different scenarios is less investigated. In this paper, we introduce a graph-neural-network-based framework for multi-agent interaction-aware trajectory prediction. In contrast to recent works which use the Cartesian coordinate system and global context images directly as input, we propose to leverage human's prior knowledge such as the comprehension of pairwise relations between agents and pairwise context information extracted by self-supervised learning approaches to attain an effective Frenét-based representation. We evaluate our method across different traffic scenarios with diverse layouts and compare it with state-of-the-art methods. We demonstrate that our approach achieves superior performance in terms of overall performance, zero-shot and few-shot transferability.
Preoperative pain location is a poor predictor of outcome after Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty at 1 and 5 years (2012)

No correlation is demonstrated between preoperative pain location and outcome. We conclude that localised medial pain should not be a prerequisite to UKA and that it may be performed in patients with generalised or anterior knee pain.
Forming-free Mott-oxide threshold selector nanodevice showing s-type NDR with high endurance (> 1012 cycles), excellent V<inf>th</inf> stability (5%), fast (< 10 ns) switching, and promising scaling properties (2018)

In this work, thin film (down to 10 nm) (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Cr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Mott-oxide based nano-devices (electrode width down to 120 nm) are fabricated for the first time. The devices show volatile threshold switching and NDR caused by thermal feedback. Fast (<; 10 ns) and very stable (<; 5% variation) cycle to cycle threshold switching is obtained over 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> cycles. Thickness and area dependence of the NDR curves are consistent with uniform volume switching and are explained with a thermal feedback model calibrated to the temperature dependent conductance of the (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Cr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> films, enabling predictions for further scaled device geometries.
Focus on Fuel Quality: Removal of Sulfur-, Nitrogen-, and Oxygen-Containing Aromatic Compounds by Extraction from Hydrocarbons into the Regenerable Ionic Liquid (2015)

Extraction of S-, N-, and O-containing aromatic compounds from hydrocarbons modeling fuels was studied using an ionic liquid {1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([BMIM][NTf2])} doped with metal complexes (Ag, Cu, Co, and V). The silver additives were shown to be most efficient. Water was found to be an inert agent that did not deteriorate the efficiency of the extraction. This approach was considered as a method of removal of sulfur and nitrogen compounds present in oil products (gasoline and diesel fuels).
On the Complexity of Enumeration and Scheduling for Extensible Embedded Processors (2008)

Compiling for extensible processors includes searching the applicationâs data-flow graphs for code sequences that can be added (as custom instructions) to the core instruction set, as well as finding optimal ways to use these sequences at runtime. Depending on the targeted architecture, different algorithms may be adopted, but toolchains for different architectures often share two common building blocks. The first is a subgraph enumeration algorithm that lists subgraphs that satisfy particular constraints; this paper proves that a well-known branch-and-bound algorithm, previously thought to have worstcase exponential complexity, actually achieves optimal complexity (polynomial in the size of the graph). The second building block is a scheduling algorithm that computes an optimal order for feeding inputs to application-specific functional units, as well as for retrieving outputs; we prove the NP-completeness of this problem by reducing a flowshop scheduling problem to it.
Plastic Processing Technologies (2018)

No AccessPlastics HandbookJan 2019Plastic Processing TechnologiesErwin Baur, Tim A. Osswald, Natalie RudolphErwin Baur, Tim A. Osswald, Natalie Rudolphhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569905609.004SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2018Pages: 177-336Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-559-3eISBN: 978-1-56990-560-9 Copyright & Permissions© 2019 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Trifluoroibuprofen Inhibits &#945;-Methylacyl Coenzyme A Racemase (AMACR/P504S), Reduces Cancer Cell Proliferation and Inhibits in vivo Tumor Growth in Aggressive Prostate Cancer Models (2014)

Background: α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) participates in the oxidation of branched chain fatty acids and is highly expressed in prostate cancer (PCa). The aims of this study were to verify if the AMACR inhibitor trifluoroibuprofen (TFIP) had anticancer effects and to determine the best route for in vivo administration. Materials and Methods: In vitro effects of TFIP were verified by using three non-tumour prostate epithelial cell lines, a series of eight PCa cell lines and six cell derivatives. In vivo experiments were performed using PC3 and 22rv1 xenografts grown in nude mice with TFIP administered intraperitoneally or by oral gavage. Results: AMACR was expressed in PCa cell lines but was absent in normal and BPH cells. Although androgen-independent (AI) cell lines originating from androgen-dependent (AD) LnCaP cells displayed increased AMACR expression, the levels of this enzyme were higher in AI with respect to AD cell lines. TFIP induced: (1) down-modulation of AMACR expression; (2) suppression of the survival Akt/mTOR signalling pathway and (3) down-modulation of cyclin D1 and survivin with G2/M arrest and apoptosis. TFIP exhibited antitumour effects independently of the administration method. Nevertheless, oral administration was associated with acute toxicity at doses >75 mg/Kg/day. A dose of 75 mg/Kg administered biweekly reduced the toxicity whereas limited toxic effects were observed at 50 mg/Kg/day. Intraperitoneal administration of 75-100 mg/Kg/day was not toxic. Conclusions: AMACR is a good pharmacological target for treatment of PCa and TFIP is a suitable anticancer compound with parenteral administration being the preferred route.