gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of an Electrophoretic Deposition Method for the In Situ Fabrication of Ultra‐Thin Composite‐Polymer Electrolytes for Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries (2023)

All-solid-state lithium-metal batteries offer higher energy density and safety than lithium-ion batteries, but their practical applications have been pushed back by the sluggish Li<sup>+</sup> transport, unstable electrolyte/electrode interface, and/or difficult processing of their solid-state electrolytes. Li<sup>+</sup> -conducting composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) consisting of sub-micron particles of an oxide solid-state electrolyte (OSSE) dispersed in a solid, flexible polymer electrolyte (SPE) have shown promises to alleviate the low Li<sup>+</sup> conductivity of SPE, and the high rigidity and large interfacial impedance of OSSEs. Solution casting has been by far the most widely used procedure for the preparation of CPEs in research laboratories; however, this method imposes several drawbacks including particle aggregation and settlement during a long-term solvent evaporation step, excessive use of organic solvents, slow production time, and mechanical issues associated with handling of ultra-thin films of CPEs (<50 µm). To address these challenges, an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method is developed to in situ deposit ultra-thin CPEs on lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) cathodes within just a few minutes. EPD-prepared CPEs have shown better electrochemical performance in the lithium-metal battery than those CPEs prepared by solution casting due to a better dispersion of OSSE within the SPE matrix and improved CPE contact with LFP cathodes.
Fabrication of a Lateral Gradient Rugate in Porous Silicon for a Miniature Spectrometer Application (2019)

Abstract Here, we report on an application of bipolar electrochemistry utilizing an interfacial potential gradient that is distributed on a silicon electrode to generate a porous silicon film, which behaves as an optical rugate filter with a stop‐band that varies in wavelength across the film surface. While the electrode employed is not bipolar because only oxidation is required to etch the silicon wafer, the fundamental concept of bipolar electrochemistry is exploited to generate the anodic current gradient on the silicon anode. When imaged with a smartphone camera and analyzed with the appropriate image processing algorithm, the gradient filter acts as a rudimentary spectrometer. Test spectra are obtained and benchmarked to a conventional CCD spectrometer.
Letermovir as Salvage Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplant Recipients (2019)

We demonstrate mixed efficacy in patients with refractory CMV infection suggesting that letermovir may be a useful therapeutic adjunct, potentially in combination with other antivirals.
Turbine Airfoil Heat Transfer Predictions Using CFD (2005)

Conventional heat transfer design methods for turbine airfoils use 2-D boundary layer codes (BLC) combined with empiricism. While such methods may be applicable in the mid span of an airfoil, they would not be very accurate near the end-walls and airfoil tip where the flow is very three-dimensional (3-D) and complex. In order to obtain accurate heat transfer predictions along the entire span of a turbine airfoil, 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) must be used. This paper describes the development of a CFD based design system to make heat transfer predictions. A 3-D, compressible, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes CFD solver with k-ω turbulence modeling was used. A wall integration approach was used for boundary layer prediction. First, the numerical approach was validated against a series of fundamental airfoil cases with available data. The comparisons were very favorable. Subsequently, it was applied to a real engine airfoil at typical design conditions. A discussion of the features of the airfoil heat transfer distribution is included.
Supplementary Table S2 from AXL Inhibition Improves the Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2&lt;/p&gt;
Directional intercept factor of truncated CPCs (1983)

The fraction of power reaching the collector of a truncated cylindrical compound parabolic concentrator, out of the total power arriving at its entry aperture in a given direction, is calculated without ray tracing for all directions.
Contactless Flame Reactor State Parameter Investigation Using a Broadband mmWave Radar (2020)

In this article, we present a novel contactless method for the state parameter surveillance of flame reactors that are used in the production of nanoparticle powders. By means of a highly stable and broadband millimeter-wave radar system and a precise signal phase processing, the change in three different state parameters, i.e., pressure, vapor content, and nanoparticle density, is monitored. Besides fundamentals regarding the signal processing, the influences of the state parameters on the radar signal are considered theoretically and investigated with measurement results that are presented and discussed in detail.
Effect of Controlled Growth Dynamics on the Microstructure of Nonpolar a-Plane GaN Revealed by X-ray Diffraction (2009)

This paper reports the effect of controlled growth dynamics, as monitored by in situ optical reflectance, on the microstructure of nonpolar a-plane GaN films grown on r-plane sapphire. The mosaic microstructure of a-plane GaN and its anisotropy are evaluated by X-ray rocking curve (XRC) measurements. By inserting a pronounced islanding stage followed by an enhanced lateral growth, pit-free a-plane GaN has been achieved showing an XRC linewidth of ∼0.18 and ∼0.3° for on- and off-axes planes, respectively, with only minor anisotropy. The density of basal-plane stacking faults is reduced by ∼70% as determined by a modified Williamson–Hall X-ray analysis.
35 GHz microwave signal generation with an injection-locked laser diode (1985)

A new technique for sinusoidal intensity modulation of light, based on injection-locking of two longitudinal modes of a single laser to FM sidebands of another laser, is described. A 35 GHz microwave signal with a linewidth of less than 10 Hz was generated.
Performance Analysis of MEMS-based RISS/PPP Integrated Positioning for Land Vehicles (2020)

Automated vehicles (AVs) have gained increasing interest over the past few years. A crucial feature of these vehicles is an accurate and robust positioning system. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP) can achieve decimeter-level accuracy without the need for local reference stations. Nevertheless, the solution availability is affected by GNSS signal outages, which frequently occur in AVs driving scenarios. The integration with an inertial navigation system (INS) provides a continuous positioning solution; however, high-end inertial sensors are bulky and expensive. The recent improvements to the low-cost micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) sensors opened the way to utilize these sensors in high-precision applications. The objective of this work is to investigate the performance of integrating dual-frequency PPP with low-cost MEMS sensors for land vehicles on highways and suburban areas. Furthermore, the Reduced Inertial Sensor System (RISS) is used instead of the traditional INS system. RISS uses two horizontal accelerometers and one vertical gyroscope in addition to the vehicle odometer, eliminating two gyroscopes and one accelerometer compared to the full IMU system. The lower number of sensors contributes to reducing the error growth over time and reducing the system cost and complexity. A road test was performed that included suburban areas and highway driving with multiple overpasses. The result showed that the developed PPP/RISS system was able to achieve decimeter-level rms positioning errors and a maximum of one meter horizontal positioning error.
Non-aqueous electrolytes for lithium ion batteries (2023)

The present invention is generally related to electrolytes containing anion receptor additives to enhance the power capability of lithium-ion batteries. The anion receptor of the present invention is a Lewis acid that can help to dissolve LiF in the passivation films of lithium-ion batteries. Accordingly, one aspect the invention provides electrolytes comprising a lithium salt; a polar aprotic solvent; and an anion receptor additive; and wherein the electrolyte solution is substantially non-aqueous. Further there are provided electrochemical devices employing the electrolyte and methods of making the electrolyte.
InGaAs/InP Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (2013)

We propose and demonstrate balanced detectors to improve the performance of sine wave gated single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). This technique can realize continuous tuning of the operation frequency for sinusoidal gating of SPADs without incorporating band elimination filters. The dual SPAD circuit is biased in a balanced configuration so that the common mode signals are cancelled, which can improve the system sensitivity as well as suppress afterpulsing. At a laser repetition rate of 1 MHz and temperature of 240 K the dark count rate and photon detection efficiency were 58 kHz and 43%, respectively. The afterpulse probability is lower than a sine wave gated single SPAD. Timing resolution, i.e., jitter, is also reported. A jitter of 240 ps was achieved with 1 photon per pulse and excess bias of 1.6%.
Investigation of a Cylinder Activation Concept for a Turbocharged Direct-Injection Gasoline Engine (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Today, downsizing through active displacement control is in series production using cylinder deactivation (CDA) concepts. However, current systems deactivating two cylinders of a four-cylinder engine are limited regarding the effective CO2 saving potential due to the confined usable operating range of the two-cylinder mode. Therefore, the objective of the current investigation is a three-cylinder engine with the possibility to activate an additional (fourth) cylinder. For this purpose, a four-cylinder series engine was modified to the firing order of a three-cylinder engine for the first three cylinders. The exterior cylinders 1 and 4 are operated in parallel, with the fourth cylinder deactivated in efficiency mode. Launching and idle mode are also operated with three active cylinders. Additional modifications to the valve train were carried out in order to further exploit the increased residual gas tolerance due to the load point shift. The increased ignition intervals, in conjunction with a very late intake closing timing (Atkinson cycle), improve the boundary conditions with respect to knocking tendency and lead to fuel saving potential even in the higher load range. This extends the map range of the efficiency mode up to full load in three-cylinder operation and therefore doubles the usable range compared to a conventional deactivation concept. The fourth cylinder is activated only when the maximum nominal power is required. In this operating mode, the load of the fourth cylinder can be continuously increased by the use of a fully variable valve train as an activation element. This activation strategy was simulated with a detailed 1d-simulation model. Based on the measurement data, simulation models of the original and the modified engine with a calibrated predictive combustion model have been set up. Using this simulation environment, both concepts were compared in a “virtual test drive” under the same boundary conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Mono-static Automotive Joint Radar-Communications System (2019)

The paper investigates the applicability of a conventional communications signal for sensing and detection in vehicular scenario. This Joint Radar-Communications (JRC) system caters to an automotive setting characterized by a multi-target environment including clutter. In this contribution, an automotive radar employing phase modulated communication signal is considered wherein the detection of other vehicles is enabled in presence of clutter. Particularly, it is shown when the clutter is dominant in the environment, bit error rate (BER) of communications will suffer. Further, the receiver processing includes demodulation of the communication symbols at communicating vehicle in addition to the extraction of the radar parameters − range and Doppler shifts of the targets − at the JRC-equipped vehicle. The study investigates the impact of various parameters in determining the performance of the JRC set-up.
Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of CdSe nanoparticles at very low pulse power (2013)

Nanoparticles have been proposed as a promising material for creating devices that harvest, transport, and manipulate energy and electrons. Ultrafast charge carrier dynamics represent a critical design aspect and are dependent on both size and shape of the nanoparticle. Spectroscopic investigation of the electronic structure and dynamics of these systems is complicated by sample inhomogeneity, which broadens peaks and leads to ambiguity in interpretation of both spectra and dynamics. Here, we use two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to remove inhomogeneous broadening and to clarify interpretation of measured dynamics. We specifically investigate the effect of nanoparticle shape on the electronic structure and ultrafast electronic dynamics in the band-edge exciton states of CdSe quantum dots, nanorods, and nanoplatelets. Particle size was chosen to enable straightforward comparisons of the effects of particle shape on the spectra and dynamics without retuning the laser source. The spectra were measured with low pulse powers (generally <1 nJ/pulse), using short pulses (~12 fs) to minimize interference from solvent contributions to the spectra, ambiguities in the dynamics due to pulse-overlap effects, and contributions to the dynamics from multi-exciton effects. The lowest two exciton states are clearly resolved in spectra of quantum dots but unresolved for nanorods and nanoplates, in agreement with previous spectroscopic and theoretical results. In all nanoparticles, ultrafast dynamics measurements show strong evidence of electronic relaxation into the lowest energy exciton state within ~30 fs, a timescale not observable in previous dynamics measurements of similar systems. These dynamics are unambiguously assigned to hole relaxation, as the higher lying electronic excited states are not energetically accessible in these experiments. Clear evidence of coherent superpositions of the lowest two exciton states were not seen in any of the particles studied, in contrast to recent results from work on quantum dots.
Supported organometallic complexes: Surface chemistry, spectroscopy, and catalysis (1992)

The long-range goal of this project is to elucidate and understand the surface chemistry and catalytic properties of well-defined, highly-reactive organometallic molecules (principally based upon abundant actinide, lanthanide, and early transition elements) adsorbed on metal oxides and halides. The nature of the adsorbed species is probed by a battery of chemical and physicochemical techniques, to understand the nature of the molecular-surface coordination chemistry and how this can give rise to extremely high catalytic activity. A complementary objective is to delineate the scope and mechanisms of the heterogeneous catalytic reactions, as well as to relate them both conceptually and functionally to model systems generated in solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Conformational Features of Topographically Constrained Designer Chimeric Amino Acids: The β‐Isopropyl Phenylalanines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dispersion Managed U-band Discrete Fiber Raman Amplifiers for 43Gb/s WDM Transmission (2003)

We evaluated the eye-patterns of 43Gb/s WDM signals, which were amplified by dispersion managed U-band discrete fiber Raman amplifiers employing highly nonlinear fiber. No degradation of the eye-patterns was observed by adjusting the dispersion.
Stable β-phosphorylated cyclic aminoxyl radicals in SDS micelles (1999)

The behaviour of a series of stable cyclic aminoxyl radicals in the presence of SDS micelles was studied by EPR spectroscopy. Six different compounds, i.e. two non-phosphorylated and four β-phosphorylated, were investigated. Except in the case of the strongly hydrophilic 3-CP 1, which always remained in the bulk aqueous phase, all the radicals were found to exchange between water and micelles. Their partition coefficients were evaluated from computer simulations of the EPR spectra and in the case of two aminoxyls TOMER-Et 5 and TOMER-Pri 6, the variation of the rate constant with temperature allowed us to estimate the exchange activation energy.
Graphene nanosheets deposited on polyurethane films by self-assembly for preparing transparent, conductive films (2011)

This study prepared graphene nanosheet (GNS)-based transparent, conductive films (TCFs) by a self-assembly method. We used the water-borne polyurethane (WPU, with sulfonate functional groups) film as the substrate. Aggregation and restacking of the GNS were inhibited efficiently by attracting the octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride surfactant (cationic surfactant) to the surface of the GNS (GNS-O), which can in turn attract sulfonate groups to the WPU surface. The GNS-O was deposited on WPU to form TCFs. We obtained highly transparent and electrically conductive thin films after treatment with nitric acid (GNS-OA). The GNS-OA composite films showed a maximum sheet electrical resistance of 1.5 × 103 Ω □−1, with a light transmittance of up to 79% and a ratio of DC conductivity to optical conductivity of 0.88.
Review of Residual Stress Modification Techniques for Extending the Fatigue Life of Metallic Aircraft Components (2014)

Abstract A major challenge for the aircraft industry in the future will be the development of effective strategies for maintaining and extending the service life of aging aircraft fleet. In this context, residual-stress-based approaches for extending the fatigue life of aircraft components are believed to have great potential for providing cost-effective solutions. This paper reviews residual-stress-based life extension techniques and published work on the use of these techniques in aerospace applications. The techniques reviewed include cold expansion, shot peening, laser shock peening, deep rolling, and heating. Comparisons of the various techniques with regard to current applications and limitations are given.
Clustering gene expression profiles (2002)

This book combines the experience of 225 experts on 900 pages. \nScientists worldwide are currently overwhelmed by the ever-increasing number and diversity of genome projects. This handbook is your guide through the jungle of new methods and techniques available to analyse gene expression - the first to provide such a broad view of the measurement of mRNA and protein expression in vitro, in situ and even in vivo. Despite this broad approach, detail is sufficient for you to grasp the principles behind each method. In each case, the authors weigh up the advantages and disadvantages, paying particular attention to the automated, high-throughput processing demanded by the biotech industry. Completely up to date, the book covers such ground-breaking methods such as DNA microarrays, serial analysis of gene expression, differential display, and identification of open reading frame expressed sequence tags. All the methods and necessary equipment are presented visually in more than 300 mainly colour illustrations to assist their step-by-step reproduction in your laboratory. Each chapter is rounded off with its own set of extensive references that provide access to detailed experimental protocols. In short, the bible of analysing gene expression.
Figure S5 from HIF2α-Targeted RNAi Therapeutic Inhibits Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;SEAP&lt;/p&gt;
Whole-exome sequencing and immune profiling of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with fully annotated clinical follow-up (2017)

Ann Oncol 2017; 28(1): 75–82 (doi:) This paper has been corrected to update two author affiliations. Y. Yoo’s affiliation was corrected from 3 to 9, and R. P. Lifton’s first affiliation was corrected from 2 to 3. Whole-exome sequencing and immune profiling of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with fully annotated clinical follow-upAnnals of OncologyVol. 28Issue 1PreviewLung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) lead to the majority of deaths attributable to lung cancer. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) and immune profiling analyses of a unique set of clinically annotated early-stage LUADs to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease and identify clinically relevant molecular markers. Full-Text PDF Open Archive
Electrochemical Activation of C−C Bonds through Mediated Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions (2021)

Activating inert sp<sup>3</sup> -sp<sup>3</sup> carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds remains a major bottleneck in the chemical upcycling of recalcitrant polyolefin waste. In this study, redox mediators are used to activate the inert C-C bonds. Specifically, N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) is used as the redox mediator, which is oxidized to phthalimide-N-oxyl (PINO) radical to initiate hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions with benzylic C-H bonds. The resulting carbon radical is readily captured by molecular oxygen to form a peroxide that decomposes into oxygenated C-C bond-scission fragments. This indirect approach reduces the oxidation potential by >1.2 V compared to the direct oxidation of the substrate. Studies with model compounds reveal that the selectivity of C-C bond cleavage increases with decreasing C-C bond dissociation energy. With NHPI-mediated oxidation, oligomeric styrene (OS<sub>510</sub> ; M<sub>n</sub> =510 Da) and polystyrene (PS; M<sub>n</sub> ≈10 000 Da) are converted into oxygenated monomers, dimers, and oligomers.