gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Pyrroles Through the CuH-Catalyzed Coupling of Enynes and Nitriles (2020)

Herein, we describe an efficient method to prepare polysubstituted pyrroles via a copper-hydride (CuH)-catalyzed enyne-nitrile coupling reaction. This protocol accommodates both aromatic and aliphatic substituents and a broad range of functional groups, providing a variety of N-H pyrroles in good yields and with high regioselectivity. We propose that the Cu-based catalyst promotes both the initial reductive coupling and subsequent cyclization steps. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
Crystal Engineering through Halogen Bonding:  Complexes of Nitrogen Heterocycles with Organic Iodides (2001)

X-ray analysis has revealed that 4,4‘-bipyridine, 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, and hexamethylenetetramine form donor−acceptor complexes with 1,4-diiodobenzene, 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene, and tetraiodoethylene in which the N···I distance is longer than that for the corresponding I2 complexes. As opposed to the corresponding I2 complexes that are molecular adducts, these complexes have extended structures and longer N···I distances. Steric and electronic effects influence the strength of the N···I interaction and the crystal packing. An additional complex of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane and 1,4-dibromotetrafluorobenzene has also been investigated for comparison of N···I and N···Br interactions.
Mechanical and Rheological Properties (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Overview Rheological Properties (Measurement of Melt and Solution Properties) Mechanical Properties (Measurement of Solid Properties) Challenges References
System, apparatus and methods to implement high-speed network analyzers (2023)

Systems, apparatus and methods for the implementation of high-speed network analyzers are provided. A set of high-level specifications is used to define the behavior of the network analyzer emitted by a compiler. An optimized inline workflow to process regular expressions is presented without sacrificing the semantic capabilities of the processing engine. An optimized packet dispatcher implements a subset of the functions implemented by the network analyzer, providing a fast and slow path workflow used to accelerate specific processing units. Such dispatcher facility can also be used as a cache of policies, wherein if a policy is found, then packet manipulations associated with the policy can be quickly performed. An optimized method of generating DFA specifications for network signatures is also presented. The method accepts several optimization criteria, such as min-max allocations or optimal allocations based on the probability of occurrence of each signature input bit.
Detection of circulating KRAS mutant DNA in extracellular vesicles using droplet digital PCR in patients with colon cancer (2022)

Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of evDNA as a complementary tool to aid current methods of patient evaluation in the diagnosis and surveillance of colon cancer.
A medical assessment algorithm for automated remote triage (2004)

Ascertaining the medical status of soldiers deployed in the battlefield is essential for medical and strategic decision-making. The diagnostic and treatment methods used in the battlefield are currently suboptimal due to limited field resources and communication mechanisms. The system described herein is designed to remotely assess the medical status of deployed soldiers to augment resources of the medic, promoting more efficient and timely treatment of battlefield injuries. Key components of this combat casualty care system are an intelligent mobile agent information management network, a sensor capable of collecting pertinent physiological data, an assessment and alert algorithm, an ad hoc wireless routing system, and a user interface. The focus of this paper is on the development and preliminary evaluation of our medical model and assessment algorithms, which were implemented using hard-coded rules and a fuzzy logic approach. We discuss results of our initial simulations, the limitations of our medical model, and present a strategy for testing and improving different implementations of our model.
Studies of heterocyclic compounds. Part 25. Stable indolizine and pyrrolo [2,1-b]thiazole carboselenaldehydes (1979)

The reaction of indolizines and pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles with phosphoryl chloride in dimethylformamide and treatment of the resulting Vilsmeier salts in situ with aqueous sodium hydrogen selenide gives indolizine and pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole carboselenaldehydes, many of which are stable crystalline compounds. 1H N.m.r. and u.v. spectral data of the selenaldehydes are reported. 2,7-Dimethylindolizine-3-carboselenaldehyde and 5,6-dimethylpyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole-7-carboselenaldehyde were reduced by lithium aluminium hydride–aluminium chloride to the corresponding trimethyl derivatives. 2,7-Dimethylindolizine-3-carboselenaldehyde and 5,6-dimethylpyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole-7-carboselenaldehyde smoothly underwent Wittig reactions with isopropylidenetriphenylphosphorane in dimethyl sulphoxide–benzene solution at room temperature, and with acetylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane in boiling xylene.
Dielectric waveguide approach for analysis on hybrid mode resonant frequency of a ring DR loaded cavity (2004)

An analytic field analysis method is applied to obtain the coupled expressions for calculating the hybrid mode (EH/sub 11/) resonant frequency of a ring dielectric resonator (DR) loaded cavity which is widely used for dual-mode elliptic response filters. The expressions newly derived in this paper are more general compared to those for a cylindrical DR loaded cavity. Since a dielectric waveguide approach has been adopted for analysis, the expressions in this paper can also be used for analyzing the hybrid mode of a dielectric loaded waveguide which has a hole at the center of the dielectric. With the aid of simple expressions, hybrid mode resonant frequency of a DR can be easily predicted without rigorous numerical methods.
Characterization of a New Avian Influenza Virus Subtype and Proposed Designation of this Haemagglutinin as Hav10 (1979)

The haemagglutinin of A/Dk/alb/60/76, an influenza A virus isolated from feral ducks in Canada, possesses no antigenic relatedness to any of the 16 reference haemagglutinin subtypes. Results of serological tests (HI and double immunodiffusion) with monospecific antisera to the haemagglutinin of this virus indicate that it represents a new avian haemagglutinin subtype. We propose that this haemagglutinin be designated as Hav10 under the current system of nomenclature.
Geometrically controlled organic small molecule acceptors for efficient fullerene-free organic photovoltaic devices (2016)

Incorporation of a 2,5-difluorobenzene (F2B) moiety provides a unique structure with improved molecular ordering and blend morphology, giving a PCE reaching 5% using an F2B-containing acceptor (F2B-T2PDI) whereas using a counterpart acceptor gave only 3.63%.
Battle of Postdisaster Response and Restoration (2020)

The paper presents the results of the Battle of Postdisaster Response and Restoration (BPDRR) presented in a special session at the first International water distribution systems analysis & computing and control in the water industry (WDSA/CCWI) Joint Conference, held in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, in July 2018. The BPDRR problem focused on how to respond and restore water service after the occurrence of five earthquake scenarios that cause structural damage in a water distribution system. Participants were required to propose a prioritization schedule to fix the damages of each scenario while following restrictions on visibility/nonvisibility of damages. Each team/approach was evaluated against six performance criteria: (1) time without supply for hospital/firefighting, (2) rapidity of recovery, (3) resilience loss, (4) average time of no user service, (5) number of users without service for eight consecutive hours, and (6) water loss. Three main types of approaches were identified from the submissions: (1) general-purpose metaheuristic algorithms, (2) greedy algorithms, and (3) ranking-based prioritizations. All three approaches showed potential to solve the challenge efficiently. The results of the participants showed that for this network, the impact of a large-diameter pipe failure on the network is more significant than several smaller pipes failures. The location of isolation valves and the size of hydraulic segments influenced the resilience of the system during emergencies. On average, the interruptions to water supply (hospitals and firefighting) varied considerably among solutions and emergency scenarios, highlighting the importance of private water storage for emergencies. The effects of damages and repair work were more noticeable during the peak demand periods (morning and noontime) than during the low-flow periods; and tank storage helped to preserve functionality of the network in the first few hours after a simulated event.
The repulsion of electrical contacts crossed by short-circuit currents (1999)

The study of forces exerted by an arc on silver based electrical contacts is important in order to understand the dynamic phenomena concerning the opening or closing phases of contacts in a variety of switching applications. For that, an experimental device was built. It allows us to measure accurately the force on the static electrode and the displacement of the mobile electrode (and hence the force on it) when the two contacts, crossed by a current pulse (from 0 to 4 kA) separate. The measured forces are the sum of Lorentz magnetic forces (constriction force and loop effect force) and blow open forces due to the arc plasma (evaporation and (or) decomposition of contact materials). We have studied the influence on the measured forces of the contact material, the duration of the current pulse and the polarity of the electrodes.
A new method for resonant sensing based on noise in nonlinear MEMS (2012)

This paper investigates a new method for tracking parameters at which dynamic bifurcations occur in MEMS. Taking advantage of the changes in phase and amplitude which precede a critical pitchfork bifurcation, feedback control of the root mean square of the amplitude can be utilized to stabilize a device on the "edge" of instability. This can then be used as a method of tracking parameter changes in the device, e.g., as a mass sensor. Sensitivity to these device parameters is explored and initial results show sensitivity of 50 ppm for vibration amplitudes near the noise floor.
STRUCTURES OF CHLOROBIUM CHLOROPHYLLS (660) (1966)

The Chlorobium chlorophylls (660) consist of six different pigments, all of which are derivatives of δ-alkyl-2-desvinyl-2-α-hydroxyethylpyropheophorbide.α The six compounds differ in their substituents at C 4 (isobutyl, n-propyl, ethyl), C 5 (ethyl, methyl), and C δ (ethyl, methyl).
XML Schema Integration and E-Commerce (2005)

XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is used to describe semi-structured data, i.e., irregular or incomplete data whose structure may be subject to unpredictable changes. Unlike traditional semi-structured data, XML documents are self-describing, thus XML provides a platform-independent means to describe data and, therefore, can transport data from one platform to another (Bray, Paoli, &amp; Sperberg-McQueen, 1998). XML documents can be both created and used by applications. The valid content, allowed structure, and metadata properties of XML documents are described by their related schema(s) (Thompson, Beech, Maloney, &amp; Mendelsohn, 2001). An XML document is said to be valid if it conforms to its related schema. A schema also gives additional semantic meaning to the data it is used to tag. The schema is provided independently of the data it describes. Any given data set may rely on multiple schemas for validation. Any given schema may itself refer to multiple schemas.
Immunogenicity evaluation of Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) (2022)

In November 2020, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation began mass immunisation of the personnel with Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), the first Russia vaccine against the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Thus, it became necessary to assess post-vaccination antibody levels and the duration and intensity of humoral immunity to COVID-19. The aim of the study was to investigate the immunogenicity and efficacy of Gam-COVID-Vac in military medical staff after vaccination. Materials and methods: the authors determined the presence of specific antibodies in the serum of individuals immunised with Gam-COVID-Vac (477 volunteers) and COVID-19 convalescents (73 patients), using virus neutralisation (VN), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with reagent kits by several manufacturers, and immunoblotting. The results of the study were evaluated using analysis of variance. Results: VN detected virus neutralising antibodies in 90.7% of vaccinated subjects; ELISA, in 95.4%. Both VN and ELISA showed lower antibody levels in the vaccinated over 50 years of age. ELISA demonstrated a significantly higher concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG in the Gam-COVID-Vac group than in the COVID-19 convalescent group. The correlation between antibody detection results by VN and ELISA was the strongest when the authors used their experimental reagent kit for quantitative detection of virus neutralising antibodies by competitive ELISA with the recombinant human ACE2 receptor. Having analysed the time course of neutralising antibody titres, the authors noted a significant, more than two-fold decrease in geometric means of the titres three months after administration of the second vaccine component. Conclusions: the subjects vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac gain effective humoral immunity to COVID-19. The decrease in titres indicates the need for revaccination in 6 months.
Fast Mode Decision Algorithm for H. 264 using AZCB Prediction (2006)

We propose a novel fast mode decision algorithm for H.264 encoder using AZCB(all-zero coefficients block) prediction. This fast mode decision algorithm cut down the coding complexity of H.264 by predicting all zero coefficients block without complicated RDO calculations. Extensive performance evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm can reduce encoding time by up to 53%. Additionally, this algorithm shows better coding efficiency than previous fast algorithms, especially with high quality images and low quantization parameter values.
Probiotic‐Inspired Nanomedicine Restores Intestinal Homeostasis in Colitis by Regulating Redox Balance, Immune Responses, and the Gut Microbiome (2022)

Microbiota-based therapeutics offer innovative strategies to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, the poor clinical outcome so far and the limited flexibility of the bacterial approach call for improvement. Inspired by the health benefits of probiotics in alleviating symptoms of bowel diseases, bioartificial probiotics are designed to restore the intestinal microenvironment in colitis by regulating redox balance, immune responses, and the gut microbiome. The bioartificial probiotic comprises two components: an E. coli Nissle 1917-derived membrane (EM) as the surface and the biodegradable diselenide-bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SeM) as the core. When orally administered, the probiotic-inspired nanomedicine (SeM@EM) adheres strongly to the mucus layer and restored intestinal redox balance and immune regulation homeostasis in a murine model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. In addition, the respective properties of the EM and SeM synergistically alter the gut microbiome to a favorable state by increasing the bacterial diversity and shifting the microbiome profile to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. This work suggests a safe and effective nanomedicine that can restore intestinal homeostasis for IBDs therapy.
Power optimization using divide-and-conquer techniques for minimization of the number of operations (1999)

We introduce an approach for power optimization using a set of compilation and architectural techniques. The key technical innovation is a novel divide-and-conquer compilation technique to minimize the number of operations for general computations. Our technique optimizes not only a significantly wider set of computations than the previously published techniques, but also outperforms (or performs at least as well as other techniques) on all examples. Along the architectural dimension, we investigate coordinated impact of compilation techniques on the number of processors which provide optimal trade-off between cost and power. We demonstrate that proper compilation techniques can significantly reduce power with bounded hardware cost. The effectiveness of all techniques and algorithms is documented on numerous real-life designs.
Gallium phosphide photonic crystal nanocavities in the visible (2008)

Photonic crystal nanocavities at visible wavelengths are fabricated in a high refractive index gallium phosphide membrane. The cavities show resonances at wavelengths as low as 645 nm at room temperature, with quality factors 500-1700.
Load dump transient control of a 42 V automotive generator (2004)

This paper describes the concept, design, modeling, simulation and performance of an innovative fast field regulator developed for a high-power 42 V automotive generator, to minimize the load-dump energy and improve its reliability. In laboratory tests, a 3 kW 42 V Lundell generator, with conventional field regulator, failed the load-dump transient test. This research analyzed the root cause of the failure by analyzing the load-dump energy, using SABER modeling and simulation, which have been verified by tests. Various concept alternatives for minimizing the load-dump energy have been identified and an innovative and cost-effective solution based on fast field control was selected for development of the proof-of-concept hardware. The proposed technique reduced the load-dump transient duration by more than a factor of 5, resulting in a reduction of load-dump energy by more than 75%. This eliminated the need for paralleling multiple avalanche diodes in the alternator rectifier bridge to handle the transient energy, resulting in a smaller package and increased reliability at a lower cost. The proposed fast field control can be further applied to minimize the load-dump transients in all belted alternator starters (BAS) that use a wound-field machine.
Characterization of pre-cross-connected trails for optical mesh network protection (2006)

Recently there has been interest in so-called pre-cross-connected protection architectures for optical networks. The main benefit of pre-cross-connected protection is that multiple cross-connection actions are not required in real time at the time of failure. This addresses the practical concern that, in a transparent optical network, one may not be able to make a series of protection path-forming cross-connections in a succession of optical spans with certainty that the resultant end-to-end connection has optical path integrity. Self-healing rings, p-cycles, and preconnected linear segment protection are examples of prior methods that employ prefailure cross-connection of protection capacity but are not end-to-end path-oriented. More recent work has proposed pre-cross-connected trails (PXTs), which are fully preconnected linear path-protecting structures. The same work also provided an online heuristic algorithm for generating PXT network designs. However, important and interesting properties such as length and cyclicity of the PXT structures remained to be characterized. We delve further into PXT network design, attempting to validate claims made previously and to understand the structural and operational properties of PXTs. This involves reimplementation of and experimentation with the above heuristic. Results show that heuristically obtained designs frequently contain PXTs of great total length and high complexity, as well as other PXTs that are equivalent to 1+1 automatic protection switching (APS) arrangements. Through diagramming and statistical analysis of PXT characteristics we give the first intuitive appreciation of the structure and function of PXTs.
Glycosyltransferases in the Synthesis of Oligosaccharide Analogs. (1996)

この総説では糖転移酵素によるオリゴ糖類似体の合成について概観する。特に、化学修飾された糖ヌクレオチド供与体、あるいは化学修飾された糖受容体を基質として用いたものに重点を置いた。最もよく研究されている糖転移酵素はβ(1→4)ガラクトース転移酵素、N-アセチルグルコサミン転移酵素I、α(1→3/4) フコース転移酵素、α(2→3) シアル酸転移酵素、およびα(2→6) シアル酸転移酵素であり、これらは化学修飾された2-4糖類似体を迅速に合成するのに適している。
X-ray imaging detector for radiological applications adapted to the context and requirements of low- and middle-income countries (2022)

This paper describes the development of a novel medical x-ray imaging system adapted to the needs and constraints of low- and middle-income countries. The developed system is based on an indirect conversion chain: a scintillator plate produces visible light when excited by the x rays, and then, a calibrated multi-camera architecture converts the visible light from the scintillator into a set of digital images. The partial images are then unwarped, enhanced, and stitched through parallel field programmable gate array processing units and specialized software. All the detector components were carefully selected focusing on optimizing the system's image quality, robustness, cost-effectiveness, and capability to work in harsh tropical environments. With this aim, different customized and commercial components were characterized. The resulting detector can generate high quality medical diagnostic images with detective quantum efficiency levels up to 60% (@2.34 μGy), even under harsh environments, i.e., 60 °C and 98% humidity.
Fractionation of Soy Protein Hydrolysates using Ultrafiltration Membranes (1992)

ABSTRACT The effect of membrane pore size on the molecular weight distribution and selected functional properties of a protein hydrolysate produced from soy isolate and Pronase was examined. Molecular weight distributions were similar for permeates from 5000, 10,000 and 50,000 molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) membranes: two large fractions at 2300 and 1000 daltons. The 100,000 MWCO membrane resulted in three fractions of 25,000, 13,000 and 2300 daltons. Solubility of the hydrolysate increased with decrease in MWCO, while foam stability decreased.
SATE (Aryl) Phosphotriester Series. I. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation (2003)

Synthesis and biological activities of several phosphotriester derivatives of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) bearing a S-pivaloyl-2-thioethyl (tBuSATE) group and aryl residues derived from L-tyrosine are reported. All compounds showed marked anti-HIV activity in thymidine kinase-deficient CEM cells demonstrating their ability to deliver intracellularly the parent 5'-mononucleotide.
A simple way to accelerate onshore multioffset/multimode WSP acquisition using vibrators (1984)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984A simple way to accelerate onshore multioffset/multimode WSP acquisition using vibratorsAuthors: Ch. NavilleCh. NavilleC.G.G., Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894280 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894280FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byReferences21 March 2012 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1984 Pages: 856 publication data© 1984 Copyright © 1984 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Ch. Naville, (1984), "A simple way to accelerate onshore multioffset/multimode WSP acquisition using vibrators," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 826-828. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894280 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...