gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model of the Distribution and Metabolism of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonist [d-Trp6,Des-Gly-NH210]GnRH Ethylamide in Man (1990)

The kinetics of plasma immunoreactive [D-Trp6,Des-Gly-NH2(10)]GnRH ethylamide, a potent GnRH agonist, was assessed in nine normal adult men over a period of 24 h after a rapid sc injection of 1 or 10 micrograms peptide/kg BW. The specific RIA of the GnRH agonist is characterized by a minimum detectable dose of 5.0 +/- 0.5 pg peptide, while the midrange effective dose is 73 +/- 8 pg. The within- and between-assay coefficients of variation range from 2-7% and from 10-15%, respectively. When the volume of the central compartment is set proportional to the logarithm of the plasma concentration of the GnRH agonist, the time courses of both doses are statistically well represented by a two-compartment model to which a source compartment is added to represent the sc route of administration. The sc diffusion to plasma is 5 times faster than any other fractional transport rate of the model (5%/min). Disposal occurs at a maximum rate of 0.55%/min from the central compartment, which includes plasma, and 0.25%/min from the peripheral compartment. As simulated with the model, 90% of the steady state is reached 13 h and 45 min after the onset of a sc continuous infusion. A molecule spends, on the average, from 6 h to 9 h and 45 min in the whole organism; 30-50% of this period is accounted for by residence in the central compartment. The volume of the central compartment reaches 208 mL/kg BW, and the MCR is estimated at 1.18 mL/min.kg BW for a steady state of 1 ng/mL plasma. The plasma dynamics of [D-Trp6,Des-Gly-NH2(10)]GnRH ethylamide in men are at least 10 times slower than those reported for the natural GnRH, thus indicating the relevance of its clinical use in suppressive therapy of LH secretion.
Splanchnic Hemodynamics in Acute and Chronic Portal Hypertension (2023)

This chapter argues that supports the view that the hyperdynamic circulation of chronic portal hypertension plays a major role in increased intravascular pressure. Emphasis is also placed on intestinal transvascular exchange and mechanisms responsible for the alterations in gastrointestinal blood flow that accompany acute and chronic portal hypertension. The reduced precapillary resistance is responsible for the higher capillary pressure in chronic portal hypertension when compared to an equivalent degree of acute portal hypertension. Another possible explanation for the intestinal vasodilation of chronic portal hypertension is the release of vasodilator metabolites from the tissue since acute portal hypertension is known to increase oxygen consumption in the small intestine of both dogs and cats. Therefore, it seems unlikely that the response of the intestinal vasculature to chronic portal hypertension could be explained in terms of a metabolic mechanism. Moment to moment control of splanchnic blood flow is accomplished through integration of intrinsic and extrinsic control systems.
Neurofibrillary Tangles in Nondemented Elderly Subjects and Mild Alzheimer Disease (1999)

Some NFTs are present in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus of most elderly individuals irrespective of their cognitive status, but the density of NFTs increases as a function of dementia severity.
Study on Adhesion and Removal of Metallic Impurities on a Perfluoroalkoxy Resin Surface (1993)

The adhesion and removal behavior of metallic impurities on a PFA sheet surface was examined with TRXRF analysis. Metals such as Fe and Cu are strongly adhered, and they can be removed to some extent by SPM or FPM cleaning. The surface metallic concentration of PFA sheets did not increase when they were dipped into UPW or chemicals contaminated with metals, therefore it is assumed that metallic impurities do not adhere to the PFA surface from liquids. Moreover the metallic transfer tests showed that a cleaned PFA sheet did not contaminate Si wafers but an uncleaned sheet polluted the wafer strongly with metallic impurities. Therefore, when PFA molded parts such as wafer carriers and tubes are used in wet processing in semiconductor manufacturing, they must be cleaned by SPM or FPM cleaning.
Study on Dynamical Walk of Biped Locomotion BIPER-4 (1983)

竹馬形歩行ロボットBIPER-3の制御理論を発展させて,ロール軸及びピッチ軸まわりに人間並みの自由度を有する二足歩行ロボットBIPER-4の歩行実験を行った。BIPER-4の倒立振り子運動モードを利用したソフトウェアによる制御器が構成され,これを使って,足首部のトルクを小さくおさえるとともに一歩に要する時間が0.3秒程度の速い歩行が実現された。
My favorite ACS things (2021)

Raindrops on roses and whiskers on kittens Bright copper kettles and warm woolen mittens Brown paper packages tied up with strings These are a few of my favorite things This song sticks in my brain whenever I hear it. Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II published “My Favorite Things” in 1959, well before the term earworm was coined. Here are some of my favorite things about the American Chemical Society; perhaps some will stick with you, like a catchy tune. ACS Career Consultants. Are you looking for a job or planning to make a career transition? Is it time to refresh your résumé or craft your LinkedIn profile? ACS career consultants provide one-on-one advice both virtually and in person at ACS meetings and career events. In addition, ACS career consultants hold virtual office hours every week for chemists seeking advice and networking in a small-group environment. This benefit is free
Infrared molecular binding spectroscopy realized in sorbent coated microfabricated devices (2014)

Sorbent materials are utilized in a range of analytical applications including coatings for preconcentrator devices, chromatography stationary phases, and as thin film transducer coatings used to concentrate analyte molecules of interest for detection. In this work we emphasize the use of sorbent materials to target absorption of analyte vapors and examine their molecular interaction with the sorbent by optically probing it with infrared (IR) light. The complex spectral changes which may occur during molecular binding of specific vapors to target sites in a sorbent can significantly aid in analyte detection. In this work a custom hydrogen-bond (HB) acidic polymer, HCSFA2, was used as the sorbent. HCSFA2 exhibits a high affinity for hazardous vapors with hydrogen-bond (HB) basic properties such as the G-nerve agents. Using bench top ATR-FTIR spectroscopy the HFIP hydroxyl stretching frequency has been observed in the mid wave infrared (MWIR) to shift by up to 700 wavenumbers when exposed to a strong HB base. The amount of shift is related to the HB basicity of the vapor. In addition, the large analyte polymer-gas partition coefficients sufficiently concentrate the analyte in the sorbent coating to allow spectral features of the analyte to be observed in the MWIR and long wave infrared (LWIR) while it is sorbed to HCSFA2. These spectral changes, induced by analyte-sorbent molecular binding, provide a rich signal feature space to consider selective detection of a wide range of chemical species as single components or complex mixtures. In addition, we demonstrate an HCSFA2 coated microbridge structure and micromechanical photothermal spectroscopy to monitor spectral changes when a vapor sorbs to HCSFA2. Example ATR-FTIR and microbridge spectra with exposures to dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP – G nerve agent simulant) and other vapors are compared. In a generic form we illustrate the concept of this work in Figure 1. The results of this work provide the potential to consider compact detection systems with high detection fidelity.
Cutting Edge: Mechanisms of IL-2–Dependent Maintenance of Functional Regulatory T Cells (2010)

IL-2 controls the survival of regulatory T cells (Tregs), but it is unclear whether IL-2 also directly affects Treg suppressive capacity in vivo. We have found that eliminating Bim-dependent apoptosis in IL-2- and CD25-deficient mice restored Treg numbers but failed to cure their lethal autoimmune disease, demonstrating that IL-2-dependent survival and suppressive activity can be uncoupled in Tregs. Treatment with IL-2-anti-IL-2-Ab complexes enhanced the numbers and suppressive capacity of IL-2-deprived Tregs with striking increases in CD25, CTLA-4, and CD39/CD73 expression. Although cytokine treatment induced these suppressive mechanisms in both IL-2(-/-) and IL-2(-/-)Bim(-/-) mice, it only reversed autoimmune disease in the latter. Our results suggest that successful IL-2 therapy of established autoimmune diseases will require a threshold quantity of Tregs present at the start of treatment and show that the suppressive capacity of Tregs critically depends on IL-2 even when Treg survival is independent of this cytokine.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Preparation of Vinamidinium Hexafluorophosphate Salts. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EZH2 Inhibitor GSK126: Metabolism, drug transporter and rat pharmacokinetic studies (2015)

Histone lysine methyl transferase 2 (EZH2) inhibitor GSK126 and a novel deuterated internal standard GSK126-d7 were chemically prepared. We performed in vitro experiments using the prepared GSK126 to: i) confirm in vitro EZH2 inhibitory activity; ii) conduct Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat liver microsomal incubations and identified Phase I metabolites; iii) determine whether or not GSK126 was an Organic Anion Transporter (OAT) substrate; and, iv) determine oral bioavailability by conducting oral and orbital sinus dosing (OSD) experiments and determining blood concentration versus time profiles. GSK126 was shown to decrease the expression of H3K27Me3 protein in medulloblastoma D283 cells and was able to decrease cell viability in KO99L cells, a novel T cell lymphoma cell line. Three in vitro hepatic Phase I mono-oxidative metabolites (L-M1, L-M2 and L-M3) were observed and also detected in rat liver and urine samples from the in vivo studies. GSK126 was found to be an OAT1 and OAT2 substrate, but not an OAT3 or OAT4 substrate. Our Pharmacokinetic (PK) results indicate: 1) GSK126 has very poor oral bioavailability (&lt; 2%); 2) co-administration of probenecid, a prototypical OAT inhibitor, did not significantly alter observed PK; and 3) tissue distribution studies demonstrate that GSK126 predominately distributes to the liver and kidneys after an OSD.
TABLE 2 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Drug responses (DSS&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; values) matched to potentially actionable genomic alterations in BCBM PDX models&lt;/p&gt;
Dual-band MEMS Fabry-Pérot filter with two movable reflectors for mid- and long-wave infrared microspectrometers (2011)

A tunable dual-band MEMS Fabry-Pérot filter for simultaneous use of the spectral ranges from 8 μm to 10.5 μm and from 4 μm to 5 μm is reported. A peak transmittance of at least 75% and a FWHM of less than 200 nm were measured. The maximum control voltage is 41 V. Two movable reflector carriers compensate the influence of gravitational force on the central wavelength. The device can withstand mechanical shocks according to Mil-Std-883G, method 2002.4, test condition B. The filter is integrated in a tiny, robust and fast microspectrometer module with the size of a TO-8 housing.
Post–Myocardial Infarction Scar With Fat Deposition Shows Specific Electrophysiological Properties and Worse Outcome After Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation (2019)

Background Fat deposition (FD) is part of the healing process after myocardial infarction. The characteristics of FD and its impact on the outcome in patients undergoing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation have not been thoroughly studied. Methods and Results We studied consecutive patients undergoing post-myocardial infarction VT ablation with pre-procedural cardiac computed tomography. FD was defined as intra-myocardial attenuation ≤ -30 HU on computed tomography. Clinical, anatomical, and post-procedural outcome was assessed in the overall population. Electrophysiological characteristics were assessed is a subgroup of patients with high-density electro-anatomical maps. Sixty-nine patients were included (66±12 years). FD was detected in 44 (64%) patients. The presence of FD related to scar age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14 per year; P=0.001) and scar extent (OR: 1.27 per segment; P=0.02). On electro-anatomical maps, FD was characterized by lower bipolar amplitude (P<0.001) and prolonged electrogram duration (P<0.001). Although the proportion of local abnormal ventricular activation was similar (P=0.22), local abnormal ventricular activation showed lower amplitude (P<0.001) and were more delayed (P<0.001) in scars with FD. After a mean follow-up of 26 months, patients with FD experienced a worse outcome including all-cause mortality and VT recurrence (70% versus 28%, P log rank=0.009). On multivariate analysis, FD (hazard ratio=2.69; 95% CI, 1.12-6.46; P=0.027) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (hazard ratio=2.57; 95% CI, 1.13-5.85; P=0.024) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes. Conclusions FD in patients with post-myocardial infarction VT undergoing catheter ablation relates to scar age and size and may be a marker of adverse outcomes including all-cause mortality and VT recurrence.
Charge Dynamics Electron Microscopy (2021)

We probe plasma dynamics with nm-fs resolution through electron spectroscopy performed in an ultrafast transmission electron microscope. This approach would allow to disentangle the dynamic evolution of plasma parameters and observe previously inaccessible energy inhomogeneities.
Sentinel-2 “low resolution band” optimization using Super-Resolution techniques:Lysimachia Lake pilot area of analysis (2019)

This work super-resolves the lowest-resolution 60m/pixel Sentinel-2 B1 and B9 to the highest-resolution 10m/pixel. Two different categories of super-resolution (SR) techniques are utilized, in specific a SR technique which performs information transfer among different bands and the stochastic regularized SR technique Var-norm+BTV. The study area is the Lysimachia Lake, Western Greece. The Sentinel-2 image of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> November 2018 has been selected to test the different techniques.
Modeling and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\eta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Pareto Optimization of Inductive Power Transfer Coils for Electric Vehicles (2014)

This paper details the optimization of inductive power transfer (IPT) coil systems with respect to efficiency η and area-related power density α as required in electric vehicle applications. Based on analytical calculations and finite-element models, which are discussed and experimentally verified in detail, generally valid design guidelines for high-power IPT systems are derived, and the η-α-Pareto optimization of a scaled 5kW prototype system is presented. Experiments demonstrate a dc-to-dc conversion efficiency of more than 96.5% at a power density of 1.47kW/dm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with coils of 210mm diameter/52mm air gap, including the losses in the resonant capacitors and the power converter. Field measurements validate the predicted stray field with a calculation error of less than 10%.
Thermally activated features in1fnoise in silicon on sapphire (1983)

Reproducible spectral features were found in the low-frequency noise in silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) wafers. These features moved in frequency as a function of temperature, with a range of activation energies from \ensuremath{\sim}0.4 to \ensuremath{\sim}0.7 eV. The relation between the log slope of the frequency spectrum and its temperature derivative was qualitatively similar to that predicted by a formula derived by Dutta et al. for noise with a range of activation energies. However, systematic quantitative deviations were found which demonstrate the existence of a wide range of temperatureindependent prefactors in the rate expressions.
Pathophysiology and new therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel disease. (2000)

Inflammatory bowel disease is the second most common chronic inflammatory disorder after rheumatoid arthritis [1]. While the prevalence of Crohn’s disease has continued to rise over the last four decades, the prevalence of ulcerative colitis seems to remain relatively stable. The etiology of IBD is multi-factorial, consisting of a mixture of genetic and environmental factors that may serve as a trigger for disease initiation [1–3]. In contrast to the normal gut, the gut in IBD seems unable to shut off the activation of its immune system, resulting in an untrammeled inflammatory response. The road leading to the development of new therapies in the last few years was paved by new insights on the pathophysiology of IBD, including the important role of proand anti-inflammatory cytokines. It was shown that T lymphocytes in the intestinal lamina propria of patients with CD and UC manifest abnormal proliferation and cytokine production, as well as decreased apoptosis [4]. During the inflammatory process, cytokines released from activated macrophages promote differentiation of T lymphocytes to CD4+/T helper1 or CD8+/T helper2 cells. Interleukin 12 and 18 were found to induce differentiation to Th1 cells, which are more abundant in CD. On the other hand, UC is associated with enhanced humoral immunity, but evidence for classical Th2 predominance (promoted by IL-4) is less secure [2]. IL-2 and interferon-gamma are cytokines secreted by Th1 lymphocytes, which play an important role in cell-mediated immunity, for instance autoimmune diseases, response against intracellular pathogens, and promotion of cytotoxic tissue damage. The cytokine profile of Th2 cells (IL-4, 5, 10 and 13) is primarily associated with allergic/atopic reactions and anti-extracellular pathogen defense, and is characterized by an antibody-mediated immune response [2]. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that affects T cells and macrophages by down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine release, such as tumor necrosis factor, IFN-γ,
Table S1, Table S2, Table S3, Table S4, Figure S1Figure S2, Figure S3, Figure S4, Figure S5, Figure S6, Figure S7 from Efficacy of the Antibody–Drug Conjugate W0101 in Preclinical Models of IGF-1 Receptor Overexpressing Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 shows expression of IGF1R on human tissues Table S2 shows expression of IGF1R on Tumor and Normal cells Table S3 shows DAR calculation Table S4 shows impact of W0101 on cell cycle Figure S1 shows the flowchart for selection of m208F2 Figure S2 shows kinetics of internalization of murine anti-IGF1R antibodies Figure S3 shows inhibition of binding and phosphorylation of IGF-1R Figure S4 shows binding and internalisation of W0101 on MCF7 cells Figure S5 shows impact of W0101 on apoptose compared to MMAE and isotype control ADC Figure S6 shows in vivo activity of naked antibody on MCF7 and NCI-H2122 models Figure S7 demonstrated the absence of bystander effect of W0101&lt;/p&gt;
Out-of-plane electrode architecture for fused silica micro-glassblown 3-D wineglass resonators (2014)

In this paper, we report an out-of-plane electrode architecture for micro-glassblown fused silica wineglass gyroscopes. Transduction is enabled by the 3-D mode shape of the wineglass resonator, which allows one to drive and sense the wineglass modes using the out-of-plane component of the vibratory motion. The transduction architecture has been succesfully demonstrated on fused silica wineglass resonators with Q-factor over 1 million, on both modes, and high frequency symmetry (Δf/f) of 132 ppm at a compact size of 7 mm diameter and center frequency of 105 kHz. Out-of-plane electrode architecture enables the use of sacrifical layers to define the capacitive gaps, which enables wafer-level integration, mitigates alignment issues and provides uniformly small gaps. 10 µm capacitive gaps have been demonstrated on a 7 mm shell, resulting in over 9 pF of active capacitance within the device. Wafer-level scalability of out-of-plane electrode architecture may enable batch-fabrication of high performance fused silica micro-glassblown wineglass gyroscopes at a significantly lower cost than their precision-machined macro-scale counterparts.
Post-processing (2014)

This chapter discusses several post-processing approaches applied to as-spun nanofibers to change their structure and/or enhance certain properties. Section 8.1 describes carbonization, sol-gel transformation and calcination, as well as metal-plating, used to make stiff, hollow or thermally and electrically conducting fibers. Sections 8.2 and 8.3 are devoted to cross-linking of solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofibers. The collected fiber mats can be bonded both chemically (using aldehydes and ionic cross-linkers, as in Section 8.2), and physically (by means of wet and thermal treatment, as in Section 8.3) to increase the tensile strength and therefore widen the range of applications of these green nonwovens. Chemical cross-linkers bond different amino groups, primary amides and sulfhydryl groups in the protein structure, which is beneficial for the enhancement of tensile strength. It is shown that treatment with ionic cross-linkers results in nanofiber mats with a higher Young’s modulus. Covalent bonds formed by aldehyde groups have a smaller effect on the mat strength. As cross-linked nanofibers are exposed to heat, the bonds formed between amino groups in the fibers are broken and they became less aggregated. In addition, in Section 8.3 it is shown that wet conglutination of soy protein/nylon 6 nanofiber mats leads to partial physical cross-linking of nanofibers and, consequently, to an increase in Young’s modulus. An enhancement of the tensile strength of soy protein nanofiber mats, as well as a slight plasticizing effect, can also result from exposure to water.
Wireless communication integrated active noise control system for infant incubators (2013)

Every year, 20 million premature, low-birth-weight, very ill babies are born and most of them are saved by infant incubators. However, the high-level noise inside the incubator results in numerous adverse health effects. It is also difficult for parents bonding with their baby placed in an incubator inside neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This paper presents a wireless communication integrated active noise control (ANC) systems for infant incubators. The system can generate safe, quiet environment for the newborn in the incubator and provide bonding opportunities for infant and their parents both inside and outside the NICU.