gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust structured light pattern for use with a hologram in 3D endoscopy (2012)

This paper introduces a novel structured light pattern designed to be compatible with the hologram projection. The proposed pattern is a De Bruijn-based sequence applied to a combination of continuous and dashed lines for the pattern. The sequence is coded in the period in the period and duty cycles of the dashed lines. It provides 16 different lines which limits to 2 the required number of lines needed for identification. The segmentation has been made easier by alternating continuous and dashed lines. As required by the use of holograms, the sequence has been adapted by making it symmetric. It has been improved by guaranteeing a hamming distance equal to two for two successive dashed lines. The implementation on a virtual model has shown that subpixel accuracy has been achieved. We developped this pattern for 3D endoscopy.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Geldanamycin (I) and (‐)‐o‐Quinogeldanamycin (II): Asymmetric Glycolate Aldol Reactions and Biological Evaluation. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of polyamine polymer with molecular iodine via charge‐transfer complex formation (1974)

Abstract The reaction of a Mannich base type‐polyamine polymer with iodine (I 2 ) was studied kinetically and thermodynamically in order to clarify the polymer effects in the formation of triiodide ions (I 3 − ). N , N ‐Dimethyl‐ p ‐(4‐methylpiperazinomethyl) aniline and 1,4‐dimethylpiperazine were used as low molecular weight donor model compounds. Triiodide ions are produced from the polyamine–I 2 system immediately after mixing the two‐component solutions, while in the systems with I 2 and N , N ‐dimethyl‐ p ‐(4‐methyl‐piperazinomethyl)aniline and 1,4‐dimethylpiperazine they are obtained only when relatively high concentrations of both donor and acceptor solutions were mixed. This is explained by the entropic contributions of the polymer chain such as the stacking effect of donor nitrogen atoms, i.e., the increment of local donor concentration around I 2 in the reaction field. The relation between the solution behavior of the reaction systems and the rate of formation of I 3 − ions also supports this kind of polymer effect. The effects of neighboring groups and dielectric constant on the reaction are also discussed.
<title>Optical Phase Modulation Induced By Controlled Vibrations On A Single Mode Fiber</title> (1981)

Accurate measurements of the phase modulation induced by known dynamic deformations on a single-mode optical fiber are given in the mechanical vibrations frequency range 2 &divide; 7 KHz. The characteristic phase behaviour can be correlated with the modal frequencies of the structure supporting the optical fiber.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the pyridinium acid nitrate [(PyH)2(NO3)][H2(NO3)3] containing a dihydrogen trinitrate anion (2021)

A new protic room-temperature ionic liquid (Tc = 14 ± 1 °C) – pyridinium hydrogen dinitrate – was obtained from a solution of pyridinium nitrate in anhydrous nitric acid in a desiccator with P2O5. According to single crystal X-ray diffraction data, the solid state structure of [(PyH)2(NO3)][H2(NO3)3] consists of hydrogen bonded cations [(PyH)2(NO3)]+ and anions [(NO3)(HNO3)2]− with a previously unknown configuration containing two HNO3 molecules linked via hydrogen bonds to the central N O 3 − anion by the sin–anti type.
Efficient, interactive, and three-dimensional segmentation of cell nuclei in thick tissue sections (1998)

Segmentation of intact cell nuclei in three-dimensional (3D) images of thick tissue sections is an important basic capability necessary for many biological research studies. Because automatic algorithms do not correctly segment all nuclei in tissue sections, interactive algorithms may be preferable for some applications. Existing interactive segmentation algorithms require the analyst to draw a border around the nucleus under consideration in all successive two-dimensional (2D) planes of the 3D image. The present paper describes an algorithm with two main advantages over the existing method. First, the analyst draws borders only in 2D planes that cut approximately through the center of the nucleus under consideration so that the nuclear borders generally are most distinct. Second, the analyst draws only five borders around each nucleus, and then the algorithm interpolates the entire surface. The algorithm results in segmented objects that correspond to individual, visually identifiable nuclei. The segmented surfaces, however, may not exactly represent the true nuclear surface. An optional, automatic surface optimization algorithm can be applied to reduce this error.
Large-scale assembly of highly stretchable and conductive polydopamine-generated poly (ethylene terephthalate)/ polyurethane fabric through the self-assembly intercalation strategy for superior sensing (2022)

Abstract Smart wearable electronic devices with superb sensing performance have aroused superb attention in recent years. However, designing an admirable strain sensor with the excellent balance between superior sensitivity and excellent stretchability remains a major challenge. Herein, we developed a conductive polydopamine (PDA)-coated poly (ethylene terephthalate)/ polyurethane (PET/PU) fabric as the wearable strain sensor with the layered generating structure and the cooperative effect of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via self-assembly intercalation process. Obviously, the cooperative conductive effect of conductive fillers endowed the fabric with a superb integration of tunable strain sensitivity (0-265.48), outstanding electromechanical performance, great stretchability (0-220 %), excellent heating performance, and long-term stability and repeatability under different strains over 2500 cycles. Especially, the as-prepared sensor was used for the detection of tiny body movements and vigorous human motions, indicating its further impressive prospect in wearable smart electronics. Therefore, such the proposed sensor with the layered generating structure exhibited remarkable potential for developing the flexible wearable electronic device of integrated sensing property and excellent electromechanical performance.
A Novel Isoform of Acetylcholinesterase Exacerbates Photoreceptors Death after Photic Stress (2007)

The findings indicate that the photic-induced novel variant of AChE (N-AChE-R) may be causally involved with retinal light damage and suggest the use of RNA targeting for limiting such damage.
Generating molecules with optimized aqueous solubility using iterative graph translation (2021)

We present a generative modeling framework that can be used to discover new, optimal molecules. Our method involves iteratively 1) training a translation model, and 2) translating all molecules in the training dataset.
Scheduling Physical Machine Maintenance on Qualified Clouds: What if Migration is not Allowed? (2020)

Increasingly, cloud systems host IT services for critical domains such as public health and electric power. Such cloud systems need to be qualified and validated in accordance with compliance policies or government regulations. Configurations of such qualified cloud systems, including VM placement and software deployment, are limited to a small set of configurations which passed the qualification and validation process. So, on practical qualified cloud systems, on-demand VM migration or replication is not allowed. We address the problem of optimally scheduling physical machine maintenance on qualified cloud systems where VM placement cannot change dynamically. Particularly, we try to minimize the number of maintenance waves, and hence, minimize the qualified cloud systems' exposure to loss of high availability. Moreover, we study how the initial placement of service component replicas can help optimize the maintenance schedule while minimize the hardware cost, which is much higher on qualified cloud systems than regular ones. Evaluations in simulations and our real-world qualified cloud system demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms and justify our algorithm selection in the real qualified system. In particular, our approach eliminated impacts on service workload and availability during maintenance, while simultaneously largely reduced maintenance time.
Gene Assembly and Combinatorial Libraries in S. cerevisiae via Reiterative Recombination (2013)

While mutagenesis of single genes is now common practice in molecular biology, engineering multiple target genes still requires complex cloning techniques and thus is limited to expert laboratories. Here, we describe "Reiterative Recombination," a user-friendly DNA assembly technique in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the integration of an indefinite number of DNA fragments sequentially into the yeast genome. The high efficiency of chromosomal integration can further be utilized for the assembly of large combinatorial libraries for metabolic engineering.
Dynamics of water molecules in VPI-5 and AlPO4-5 studied by deuterium NMR spectroscopy (1992)

The dynamic properties of water and ammonia within the channels of VPI-5 and AlPO_4-5 were studied by ^2H NMR spectroscopy over a wide range of temperatures. The results were correlated with the corresponding ^(27)Al MAS NMR spectra. In both materials two distinct types of water molecules were detected, bound molecules and physisorbed molecules undergoing isotropic reorientation within the channels. The bound molecules were assigned to molecules coordinated to framework Al undergoing some local motion. In AlPO_4-5 the line shape changes were reproduced by using a dynamic model of a two-site exchange where one site corresponds to the bound water and the second to the free water molecules. The relative populations of the two sites were found to be temperature dependent. In VPI-5 the water exhibits a higher degree of order and the two-site jump between free and bound molecules is associated with an additional 3-fold-site jump, resulting in a 6-site system. In this case the relative populations are temperature independent within the temperature range of 0-60 °C. Three types of ND_3 molecules were distinguished in VPI-5 adsorbed with ammonia: physisorbed molecules, bound molecules undergoing a rotation about the N-A1 axis, and rigid molecules. No exchange takes place between these three states within the NMR time scale.
Discovery and Preclinical Pharmacology of an Oral Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) Inhibitor Using Scaffold-Hopping and Structure-Guided Drug Design (2021)

Inhibition of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of adaptor proteins is an attractive strategy for targeting transcriptional regulation of key oncogenes, such as c-MYC. Starting with the screening hit <b>1</b>, a combination of structure-activity relationship and protein structure-guided drug design led to the discovery of a differently oriented carbazole <b>9</b> with favorable binding to the tryptophan, proline, and phenylalanine (WPF) shelf conserved in the BET family. Identification of an additional lipophilic pocket and functional group optimization to optimize pharmacokinetic (PK) properties culminated in the discovery of <b>18</b> (BMS-986158) with excellent potency in binding and functional assays. On the basis of its favorable PK profile and robust in vivo activity in a panel of hematologic and solid tumor models, BMS-986158 was selected as a candidate for clinical evaluation.
WCDMA adjacent channel interference requirements (2003)

In this paper the effects of adjacent channel interference on WCDMA capacity are studied for two adjacent frequency operators as well as for a hierarchical cell structure to be used by one operator at adjacent frequency channels. The effect of adjacent channel interference on the system capacity is studied with practical loading of the WCDMA system. Also a new model for adjacent channel interference in the uplink is introduced taking into account the behaviour of a practical WCDMA terminal power amplifier. A goal of this paper is to find out the adjacent channel interference requirements for the WCDMA system.
A combination treatment of IFN-α2b and IFN-γ accelerates viral clearance and control inflammatory response in COVID-19: Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial (2021)

Early studies with combination treatments of a type I IFN and IFN- revealed synergistic inhibition of SARS CoV replication in vitro IFN- is a critical regulator linking the innate and adaptive immune responses [13] Moreover, combination treatments with antivirals that target different stages of the virus replicative cycle [14-16] and IFN-2b and IFN- may synergize further to accelerate viral clearance. Accordingly, we conducted a phase II randomized clinical trial to evaluate whether a combination of IFN-2b and IFN-, in addition to standard of care would offer a therapeutic advantage in COVID-19 cases, promoting faster viral clearance and preventing progression to severe disease.
Large-area silicon nanowire Schottky junction photodetector with tunable absorption and low junction capacitance (2017)

Silicon photodetectors for operation in the near-infrared with a sufficient responsivity and high-speed operation are currently needed as scalable, CMOS compatible components for photonic and communication applications. Photodetectors based on semiconductor nanowire structures with dielectric planarization enable larger active optical areas and higher operating speeds than planar devices due to reduced junction capacitance and enhanced absorption. Here, we report on the fabrication and characterization of a silicon nanowire photodetector with dielectric infilling and a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) Schottky contact. Optical simulations show that the absorbed power can be confined at the top of the nanowire array, enabling efficient operation in the near-infrared. This is despite the relatively low absorption coefficient for silicon in this wavelength range in addition to the design of the nanowire array to have a low fill factor compared to the bulk material in order to minimize the junction capacitance. The responsivity of this device is >0.3 A W−1 at a reverse bias of 2 V and the junction capacitance is 8 ± 2 nF cm−2, which are respectively comparable and lower than the values expected for a planar silicon Schottky junction photodetector with a similar active area.
Skin perfusion photography (2014)

The separation of global and direct light components of a scene is highly useful for scene analysis, as each component offers different information about illumination-scene-detector interactions. Relying on ray optics, the technique is important in computational photography, but it is often under appreciated in the biomedical imaging community, where wave interference effects are utilized. Nevertheless, such coherent optical systems lend themselves naturally to global-direct separation methods because of the high spatial frequency nature of speckle interference patterns. Here, we extend global-direct separation to laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) system to reconstruct speed maps of blood flow in skin. We compare experimental results with a speckle formation model of moving objects and show that the reconstructed map of skin perfusion is improved over the conventional case.
Atelosteogenesis type II is caused by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate-transporter gene (DTDST): evidence for a phenotypic series involving three chondrodysplasias. (1996)

Atelosteogenesis type II (AO II) is a neonatally lethal chondrodysplasia whose clinical and histological characteristics resemble those of another chondrodysplasia, the much less severe diastrophic dysplasia (DTD). The similarity suggests a shared pathogenesis involving lesions in the same biochemical pathway and perhaps the same gene. DTD is caused by mutations in the recently identified diastrophic dysplasia sulfate-transporter gene (DTDST). Here, we report that AOII patients also have DTDST mutations, which lead to defective uptake of inorganic sulfate and insufficient sulfation of macromolecules by patient mesenchymal cells in vitro. Together with our recent observation that a third even more severe chondrodysplasia, achondrogenesis type IB, is also caused by mutations in DTDST, these results demonstrate a phenotypic series of three chondrodysplasias of increasing severity caused by lesions in a single sulfate-transporter gene. The severity of the phenotype appears to be correlated with the predicted effect of the mutations on the residual activity of the DTDST protein.
A Novel Strategy for VNF Placement in Edge Computing Environments (2022)

Network function virtualization (NFV) is a novel technology that virtualizes computing, network, and storage resources to decouple the network functions from the underlying hardware, thus allowing the software implementation of such functions to run on commodity hardware. By doing this, NFV provides the necessary flexibility to enable agile, cost-effective, and on-demand service delivery models combined with automated management. Different management and orchestration challenges arise in such virtualized and distributed environments. A major challenge in the selection of the most suitable edge nodes is that of deploying virtual network functions (VNFs) to meet requests from multiple users. This article addresses the VNF placement problem by providing a novel integer linear programming (ILP) optimization model and a novel VNF placement algorithm. In our definition, the multi-objective optimization problem aims to (i) minimize the energy consumption in the edge nodes; (ii) minimize the total latency; and (iii) reducing the total cost of the infrastructure. Our new solution formulates the VNF placement problem by taking these three objectives into account simultaneously. In addition, the novel VNF placement algorithm leverages VNF sharing, which reuses VNF instances already placed to potentially reduce computational resource usage. Such a feature is still little explored in the community. Through simulation, numerical results show that our approach can perform better than other approaches found in the literature regarding resource consumption and the number of SFC requests met.
GWAS analysis of handgrip and lower body strength in older adults in the CHARGE consortium (2016)

Decline in muscle strength with aging is an important predictor of health trajectory in the elderly. Several factors, including genetics, are proposed contributors to variability in muscle strength. To identify genetic contributors to muscle strength, a meta-analysis of genomewide association studies of handgrip was conducted. Grip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer in 27 581 individuals of European descent over 65 years of age from 14 cohort studies. Genomewide association analysis was conducted on ~2.7 million imputed and genotyped variants (SNPs). Replication of the most significant findings was conducted using data from 6393 individuals from three cohorts. GWAS of lower body strength was also characterized in a subset of cohorts. Two genomewide significant (P-value< 5 × 10(-8) ) and 39 suggestive (P-value< 5 × 10(-5) ) associations were observed from meta-analysis of the discovery cohorts. After meta-analysis with replication cohorts, genomewide significant association was observed for rs752045 on chromosome 8 (β = 0.47, SE = 0.08, P-value = 5.20 × 10(-10) ). This SNP is mapped to an intergenic region and is located within an accessible chromatin region (DNase hypersensitivity site) in skeletal muscle myotubes differentiated from the human skeletal muscle myoblasts cell line. This locus alters a binding motif of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (CEBPB) that is implicated in muscle repair mechanisms. GWAS of lower body strength did not yield significant results. A common genetic variant in a chromosomal region that regulates myotube differentiation and muscle repair may contribute to variability in grip strength in the elderly. Further studies are needed to uncover the mechanisms that link this genetic variant with muscle strength.
Electronically beam steerable antennas for broadband satellite communications (2014)

This paper presents design examples of full electronically and mixed beam steering antennas for broadband mobile satellite communication. Custom designed multifunctional MMIC devices enable beam steering and polarization control. The full phased array antenna Integrated with an appropriate MODEM can provide unique and high value solution for different applications that require Broadband communication while “on the move”. The solution opens the door for many commercial and defense/HLS applications that require Broadband communications for moving vehicles. The concept was demonstrated by successfully tested one - and two-way PAA (Phased Array Antenna) prototypes.
Odour Generation From Anaerobically Digested Sludge (2007)

Anaerobic digestion is carried out to stabilize biosolids so that it is acceptable for land disposal. Although no precise definition exists for stability of anaerobically digested sludges, a major factor is that odours be low. Over the past 5 years, research has been conducted to evaluate the odour potential from anaerobically digested sludges to determine the factors that influence odours. It has been found that odours are typically produced from dewatered sludge cakes and these odours are primarily associated with organic sulphur compounds. It was found that effective digestion does not guarantee that organic sulphur levels will be low and the type of dewatering equipment will determine the magnitude of organic sulphur compounds generated.
D2/D3 Dopamine Receptor Heterodimers Exhibit Unique Functional Properties (2001)

Evidence for heterodimerization has recently been provided for dopamine D(1) and adenosine A(1) receptors as well as for dopamine D(2) and somatostatin SSTR(5) receptors. In this paper, we have studied the possibility that D(2) and D(3) receptors interact functionally by forming receptor heterodimers. Initially, we split the two receptors at the level of the third cytoplasmic loop into two fragments. The first, containing transmembrane domains (TM) I to V and the N-terminal part of the third cytoplasmic loop, was named D(2trunk) or D(3trunk), and the second, containing the C-terminal part of the third cytoplasmic loop, TMVI and TMVII, and the C-terminal tail, was named D(2tail) or D(3tail). Then we defined the pharmacological profiles of the homologous (D(2trunk)/D(2tail) and D(3trunk)/D(3tail)) as well as of the heterologous (D(2trunk)/D(3tail) and D(3trunk)/D(2tail)) cotransfected receptor fragments. The pharmacological profile of the cross-cotransfected fragments was different from that of the native D(2) or D(3) receptors. In most cases, the D(3trunk)/D(2tail) was the one with the highest affinity for most agonists and antagonists. Moreover, we observed that all of these receptor fragments reduced the expression of the wild type dopamine D(2) and D(3) receptors, suggesting that D(2) and D(3) receptors can form complexes with these fragments and that these complexes bind [(3)H]nemonapride less efficiently or are not correctly targeted to the membrane. In a second set of experiments, we tested the ability of the split and the wild type receptors to inhibit adenylyl cyclase (AC) types V and VI. All of the native and split receptors inhibited AC-V and AC-VI, with the exception of D(3), which was unable to inhibit AC-VI. We therefore studied the ability of D(2) and D(3) to interact functionally with one another to inhibit AC-VI. We found that with D(2) alone, R-(+)-7-hydroxydypropylaminotetralin hydrobromide inhibited AC-VI with an IC(50) of 2.05 +/- 0.15 nm, while in the presence of D(2) and D(3) it inhibited AC-VI with an IC(50) of 0.083 +/- 0.011 nm. Similar results were obtained with a chimeric cyclase made from AC-V and AC-VI. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicate that D(2) and D(3) receptors are capable of physical interaction.
Front Matter: Volume 9018 (2014)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 9018, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Invited Panel Discussion, and Conference Committee listing.