gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dashboards for Transportation Operations (2007)

Dashboards are an increasingly common method for executives in the private sector to monitor the effect of business decisions on business operations. These dashboards integrate business intelligence databases into relatively simple web-based reporting mechanisms accessible to multiple decision makers. Some states in the public-sector transportation arena have developed dashboards to monitor delivery on relatively long-term agency processes, such as project budget and schedule metrics. Few efforts have focused on monitoring relatively short-term operational performance measures. Berkeley Transportation Systems, Inc., has worked with the California Department of Transportation to develop an operational performance measure–based dashboard for transportation agency executives using the Performance Measurement System. This paper outlines an application of this dashboard to a specific agency program aimed at improving traffic detector health.
Relationships between contaminant levels in marine sediments and their biological effects on embryos of oysters,Crassostrea gigas (2002)

Abstract Surface sediment samples from 10 coastal locations were analyzed with respect to their physical and chemical characteristics as well as their biological quality. The toxicity of the decanted fresh and freeze-dried sediments and of their elutriates was assessed by bioassays with embryos of the oysters Crassostrea gigas. The concentration inhibiting normal embryogenesis in 20% of the larvae (EC20) was used as a measure of toxicity and compared with the physical and chemical properties of the sediments and elutriates by principal components analysis. Decanted whole sediments were one to four orders of magnitude more toxic than their elutriates because the latter have lower contaminant concentrations. The biological effects of decanted whole sediment depended mostly on the levels of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), while in the case of the elutriates, the toxicity was mainly correlated with the concentrations of total ammonia and of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Freeze-dried sediments and their elutriates were up to one order of magnitude more toxic than fresh sediments and elutriates, respectively, presumably because the freeze-drying procedure increases pollutant bioavailability or causes a release of unidentified organic compounds having toxic effects.
The Proto-oncogene Product p120 Links c-Src and Phosphatidylinositol 3′-Kinase to the Integrin Signaling Pathway (1997)

Integrin-mediated cell adhesion triggers intracellular signaling cascades, including tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins. We show in this report that p120(cbl) (Cbl), the 120-kDa c-cbl proto-oncogene product, becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated during integrin-mediated macrophage cell adhesion to extracellular matrix substrata and anti-integrin antibodies. This tyrosine phosphorylation does not occur when cells attach to polylysine, to which cells adhere in a nonspecific fashion. It also does not take place when adhesion-induced reorganization of the cytoskeleton is inhibited with cytochalasin D. In contrast to the rapid and transient tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl by CSF-1 stimulation, tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl by cell attachment was gradual and persistent. Tyrosine-phosphorylated Cbl was found to form complexes with the SH2 domain-containing signaling proteins Src and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; in vitro kinase assays demonstrated that these kinases were active in the Cbl complexes following integrin ligand binding. Furthermore, Cbl was found to translocate to the plasma membrane in response to cell adhesion to fibronectin. These observations suggest that Cbl serves as a docking protein and may transduce signals to downstream signaling pathways following integrin-mediated cell adhesion in macrophages.
Vibrio cholerae accessory colonisation factor AcfC: a chemotactic protein with a role in hyperinfectivity (2018)

Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor is an aquatic Gram-negative bacterium responsible for the current seventh pandemic of the diarrheal disease, cholera. A previous whole-genome analysis on V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains from the 2010 epidemic in Pakistan showed that all strains contained the V. cholerae pathogenicity island-1 and the accessory colonisation gene acfC (VC_0841). Here we show that acfC possess an open reading frame of 770 bp encoding a protein with a predicted size of 28 kDa, which shares high amino acid similarity with two adhesion proteins found in other enteropathogens, including Paa in serotype O45 porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and PEB3 in Campylobacter jejuni. Using a defined acfC deletion mutant, we studied the specific role of AcfC in V. cholerae O1 El Tor environmental survival, colonisation and virulence in two infection model systems (Galleria mellonella and infant rabbits). Our results indicate that AcfC might be a periplasmic sulfate-binding protein that affects chemotaxis towards mucin and bacterial infectivity in the infant rabbit model of cholera. Overall, our findings suggest that AcfC contributes to the chemotactic response of WT V. cholerae and plays an important role in defining the overall distribution of the organism within the intestine.
Direct versus indirect optical recombination in Ge films grown on Si substrates (2011)

The optical emission spectra from Ge films on Si are markedly different from their bulk Ge counterparts. Whereas bulk Ge emission is dominated by the material's indirect gap, the photoluminescence signal from Ge films is mainly associated with its direct band gap. Using a new class of Ge-on-Si films grown by a recently introduced chemical vapor deposition approach, we study the direct and indirect photoluminescence from intrinsic and doped samples and we conclude that the origin of the discrepancy is the lack of self-absorption in thin Ge films combined with a deviation from quasi-equilibrium conditions in the conduction band of undoped films. The latter is confirmed by a simple model suggesting that the deviation from quasi-equilibrium is caused by the much shorter recombination lifetime in the films relative to bulk Ge.
A one-handed multi-touch mating method for 3d rotations (2013)

Rotating 3D objects is a difficult task. We present a new rotation technique based on collision-free "mating" to expedite 3D rotations. It is specifically designed for one-handed interaction on tablets or touchscreens. A user study found that our new technique decreased the time to rotate objects in 3D by more than 60% in situations where objects align. We found similar results when users translated and rotated objects in a 3D scene. Also, angle errors were 35% less with mating. In essence, our new rotation technique improves both the speed and accuracy of common 3D rotation tasks.
Motion of organ of Corti structures in the gerbil cochlear apex, measured with a commercial optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (2018)

Recent developments in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) allow measurements of cochlear motions through the bony cochlear wall without holes at spatial resolutions approaching about 10 µm. Measurements to date have been made with custom OCT systems with long development times. We present measurements made with a commercial OCT system driven by custom software (VibOCT) that facilitates near real-time frequency response measurements. The 905-nm wavelength laser and high-speed (100 kHz) camera provide higher axial resolution (3 µm in air) and temporal resolution than previous studies and a sub-nanometer noise floor in air. We gathered anatomical images of the gerbil cochlear apex in vivo at higher resolution than available previously, sufficient to resolve individual outer hair cells, pillar cells, tunnel of Corti and inner sulcus regions. Images from the 3rd apical turn show a bulging of Reissners membrane in vivo that flattened post-mortem with a concomitant reduction in the distance between the Henson cell border and the stria vascularis wall. Vibrometry of the organ of Corti shows a low-pass characteristic in-vivo and post-mortem with a traveling wave-like phase delay similar to a recent study rather than the sharp tuning seen more basally. This system can provide valuable information on cochlear function, which is also useful for the development of detailed cochlear models of the passive and active gerbil apex.
Laser-based LiFi for 6G: Potential and Applications (2020)

LiFi uses the light for mobile communications. Advantages of laser- compared to LED-based LiFi systems are better energy efficiency and higher modulation bandwidth, yielding enhanced mobility, higher data rates, more precise positioning and reduced latency in promising 6G applications like mobile backhaul, secure meeting rooms and industrial or medical wireless.
Design and optimization of high-performance 1.3-μm VCSELs (2004)

This paper discusses the design and the internal device physics of novel high-performance vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting at 1.32 µm wavelength. Our VCSEL design features intra-cavity ring contacts, strain-compensated AlGaInAs quantum wells, and an AlInAs/InP tunnel junction. The tunnel junction is laterally confined forming an aperture for current injection and wave guiding. Undoped AlGaAs/GaAs mirrors are bonded on both sides to the InP-based active region. These devices have recently demonstrated continuous-wave (CW) lasing at stage temperatures up to 134°C, the highest temperature reported thus far for any long-wavelength VCSEL. In order to increase the single mode output power at high temperatures, we simulate, analyze, and optimize our VCSEL using advanced numerical software tools. The two-dimensional model self-consistently combines electrical, optical, thermal and gain calculations. It gives good agreement with measurements after careful calibration of material parameters. Design optimization promises single mode output power of 2mW in CW operation at 80°C ambient temperature.
1D and 2D Field Effect Transistors in Gas Sensing: A Comprehensive Review (2023)

Rapid progress in the synthesis and fundamental understanding of 1D and 2D materials have solicited the incorporation of these nanomaterials into sensor architectures, especially field effect transistors (FETs), for the monitoring of gas and vapor in environmental, food quality, and healthcare applications. Yet, several challenges have remained unaddressed toward the fabrication of 1D and 2D FET gas sensors for real-field applications, which are related to properties, synthesis, and integration of 1D and 2D materials into the transistor architecture. This review paper encompasses the whole assortment of 1D-i.e., metal oxide semiconductors (MOXs), silicon nanowires (SiNWs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-and 2D-i.e., graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), phosphorene-materials used in FET gas sensors, critically dissecting how the material synthesis, surface functionalization, and transistor fabrication impact on electrical versus sensing properties of these devices. Eventually, pros and cons of 1D and 2D FETs for gas and vapor sensing applications are discussed, pointing out weakness and highlighting future directions.
Molecular and biochemical characterisation of DNA-dependent protein kinase-defective rodent mutant irs-20 (1998)

The catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is a member of a sub-family of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinases termed PIK-related kinases. A distinguishing feature of this sub-family is the presence of a conserved C-terminal region downstream of a PI 3-kinase domain. Mutants defective in DNA-PKcs are sensitive to ionising radiation and are unable to carry out V(D)J recombination. Irs-20 is a DNA-PKcs-defective cell line with milder gamma-ray sensitivity than two previously characterised mutants, V-3 and mouse scid cells. Here we show that the DNA-PKcs protein from irs-20 cells can bind to DNA but is unable to function as a protein kinase. To verify the defect in irs-20 cells and provide insight into the function and expression of DNA-PKcs in double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination we introduced YACs encoding human and mouse DNA-PKcs into defective mutants and achieved complementation of the defective phenotypes. Furthermore, in irs-20 we identified a mutation in DNA-PKcs that causes substitution of a lysine for a glutamic acid in the fourth residue from the C-terminus. This represents a strong candidate for the inactivating mutation and provides supportive evidence that the extreme C-terminal motif is important for protein kinase activity.
The Mid‐Ship knot: a new simple and secure sliding knot (2006)

We describe a new arthroscopic sliding knot. It is easy to make it slide and to lock it and in addition, we find it very easy to learn and teach. The usual three reversed half-hitches must be placed in order to secure it.
Cutting edge: Langerin+ dendritic cells in the mesenteric lymph node set the stage for skin and gut immune system cross-talk. (2008)

International audience
Synthesis, Characterization, Optical Spectroscopic, Electronic Structure, and Second-Order Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Properties of a Novel Class of Donor−Acceptor Bis(salicylaldiminato)nickel(II) Schiff Base NLO Chromophores (1997)

The synthesis, characterization, thermal stability, optical spectroscopic, electronic structure, and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a series of donor−acceptor bis(salicylaldiminato)nickel(II) Schiff base complexes and the free ligand precursors are reported. The effect of the metal center in such complexes is manifold: it templates the formation of acentric molecular structures, imparts high thermal stability to the chelate ring, and both "switches on" and enhances NLO response. Metal complexation imparts new linear optical spectroscopic features, having metal-to-ligand charge transfer character, which are responsible for the second-order nonlinearity. Moreover, the present synthetic strategy represents a novel route to inorganic NLO chromophores. Solution-phase hyperpolarizability values, deduced by electric field-induced second-harmonic-generation experiments are as high as −79 × 10-30 cm5 esu-1 (hω = 0.92 eV). Experimental linear and nonlinear optical features are fully consistent with INDO/SCI-SOS theoretical calculations. They provide a rationale for the NLO response of these materials and are attractive for designing new, highly efficient second-order nonlinear optical inorganic chromophores.
Effect of Water Vapor on the Oxidation Resistance of Stainless Steels (2000)

Abstract Stainless steel foils are being evaluated for use in exhaust gas environments. In order to examine the effect of water vapor in the exhaust gas on oxidation performance, foil specimens were exposed at 650°-700°C to air containing 4-15% water vapor. In general, stainless steel alloys such as type 310 and 20/25/Nb were only marginally affected by the presence of water. However, alloy type 347 stainless steel was more strongly attacked under these conditions. These results suggest that alloys with Cr contents above 20% are better suited to exhaust gas environments.
Implementation of Novel Biomarkers in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Management of Acute Kidney Injury: Executive Summary from the Tenth Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) (2013)

Detection of acute kidney injury is undergoing a dynamic revolution of biomarker technology allowing greater, earlier, and more accurate determination of diagnosis, prognosis, and with powerful implication for management. Biomarkers can be broadly considered as any measurable biologic entity or process that allows differentiation between normal function and injury or disease. The ADQI (Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative) had its Ninth Consensus Conference dedicated to synthesis and formulation of the existing literature on biomarkers for the detection of acute kidney injury in a variety of settings. In the papers that accompany this summary, ADQI workgroups fully develop key concepts from a summary of the literature in the domains of early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis and management, and concurrent physiologic and imaging measures.
A highly parallel next-generation DNA sequencing data analysis pipeline in Hadoop (2015)

The era of precision medicine is best exemplified by the growing reliance on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies to provide improved disease diagnosis and targeted therapeutic selection. Well-established NGS data analysis software tools, in their unmodified form, can take days to identify and interpret single nucleotide and structural variations in DNA for a single patient. To improve sample analysis throughput, we developed a highly parallel end-to-end next-generation DNA sequencing data analysis pipeline in Hadoop. In our pipeline, each step is parallelized not only across samples but also within each individual sample, achieving a 30× speedup over a single server workflow execution. Furthermore, we extensively evaluate the viability of having our Hadoop-based pipeline as part of a larger commercial genomic services offering-we demonstrate how our pipeline scales sub-linearly both with the number of samples being analyzed and with the depth of coverage of those samples. In particular, on our commodity cluster, 10× as many samples resulted in only a 2.24× increase in the execution time, and a 4× increase in coverage depth resulted in only a 2.53× growth in execution time. We anticipate that such improvements will allow large cohort populations to be analyzed in parallel, and can fundamentally change the way DNA sequencing analyses are used by both researchers and clinicians.
Hydrogen Absorption Method Using HfOx in Crystalline In-Ga-Zn Oxide FETs for NVM Applications (2020)

We fabricated and evaluated an oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (OSFET) with a channel of c-axis aligned crystalline In-Ga-Zn oxide (CAAC-IGZO) in order to examine the availability of the OSFET in nonvolatile memories (NVM). A featured extremely low leakage current of the OSFET largely depends on the threshold voltage, and thus controlling the threshold is a key issue. In particular, reducing the hydrogen concentration in and around the CAAC-IGZO layer as much as possible is one of the most important factors leading to threshold controllability and stability improvement in the OSFET. Accordingly, we employed a structure in which the whole OSFET is sealed with a hydrogen barrier film (SiNx) to prevent hydrogen entry from the outside and provided a modified HfOx film that we found serves as a hydrogen absorption layer inside the encapsulation structure. The HfOx film having a high hydrogen absorption capability inside the encapsulation structure resulted in a significant improvement in OSFET reliability. Specifically, the prototype OSFET with a gate length of 43.9 nm had a suppressed threshold variation for 500 hours in the positive gate-bias temperature (+GBT) stress test (150°C, V gs = 3.63 V, V ds = V bgs = 0 V). This process enables the control of the hydrogen concentration in the CAAC-IGZO layer and increases the expectation for OSFET mass production.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Potential mechanisms of attenuation for rifampicin-passaged strains of Flavobacterium psychrophilum (2015)

SDS-PAGE analysis of carbohydrate extractions from different F. psychrophilum CSF 259-93 and THC 02-90 strains. Table S1: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from F. psychrophilum THC 02-90 strain passaged without rifampicin (TN). Table S2: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from F. psychrophilum THC 02-90 strain passaged with rifampicin (TR). Table S3: DNA methylation motifs unique for the rifampicin passaged CSF 259-93 strain (CR). Table S4: DNA methylation motifs unique for the rifampicin passaged THC 02-90 strain (TR). (DOCX 637 kb)
On the calculation of the quasi-bound-state energies and lifetimes in inverted MOS structures with ultrathin oxides and its application to the direct tunneling current (2004)

We discuss the inverted MOS structure with extremely thin oxides as a quasi-bound-state system. Its energy subbands can be regarded as resonances of a quantum mechanical system with a continuum of eigenstates. We derive an analytical calculation to extract the defining parameters of the Lorentzian peaks associated with the relative probability of localizing an electron in the confining potential region at the Si/dielectric interface and propose an algorithm that allows to estimate the energy levels and the lifetimes of these states, provided the solution of the approximate bound state system is known. This new method has the advantage of not being affected by computational errors, avoiding the time consuming scanning procedure usually employed in previously reported works. Furthermore, a comparison with semiclassical calculation of the lifetimes is performed and direct tunneling current is calculated, which allows it to fit experimental gate-leakage curves with high accuracy.
Some measured thermal properties of new high-energy-density caged hydrocarbon compounds (1997)

A new class of pentacyclic hydrocarbon compounds with high-energy/high density have been synthesized to be used as fuels or fuel additives, with the expectation that their inclusion in the fuel mixture will result in a net increase in volumetric efficiency of the current generation of powerplants. These compounds exhibit high density (rho = 1.2-1.3 g/cu cm) and contain a moderate amount of strain energy, which contributes to the energy output during combustion. Through direct measurements, melting and boiling points, specific heats, and latent heats of fusion were determined. Droplet combustion experiments with binary solutions of solid high-energy fuels in kerosene indicated increased effervescence and higher heat output. The liquid high-energy-density-formulations exhibited microexplosive combustion behavior. (Author)
Machine Learning Techniques for Personalized Detection of Epileptic Events in Clinical Video Recordings (2021)

Continuous patient monitoring is essential to achieve an effective and optimal patient treatment in the intensive care unit. In the specific case of epilepsy it is the only way to achieve a correct diagnosis and a subsequent optimal medication plan if possible. In addition to automatic vital sign monitoring, epilepsy patients need manual monitoring by trained personnel, a task that is very difficult to be performed continuously for each patient. Moreover, epileptic manifestations are highly personalized even within the same type of epilepsy. In this work we assess two machine learning methods, dictionary learning and an autoencoder based on long short-term memory (LSTM) cells, on the task of personalized epileptic event detection in videos, with a set of features that were specifically developed with an emphasis on high motion sensitivity. According to the strengths of each method we have selected different types of epilepsy, one with convulsive behaviour and one with very subtle motion. The results on five clinical patients show a highly promising ability of both methods to detect the epileptic events as anomalies deviating from the stable/normal patient status.
Novel Sesterterpenes from Leucosceptrum canum of Nepalese Origin (2004)

Two novel sesterterpenoids, leucosesterterpenone (1) and leucosesterlactone (2), with novel skeleta were isolated from the hexane extract of the medicinal plant, Leucosceptrum canum. Their structures were established by the analysis of NMR data and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction of compound 1. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to exhibit activity against prolylendopeptidase (PEP).