gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclease A (Gbs0661), an extracellular nuclease of Streptococcus agalactiae, attacks the neutrophil extracellular traps and is needed for full virulence (2013)

Summary Most bacteria of the genus S treptococcus are opportunistic pathogens, and some of them produce extracellular DNases , which may be important for virulence. Genome analyses of S treptococcus agalactiae ( GBS ) neonate isolate NEM 316 revealed the presence of seven genes putatively encoding secreted DNases , although their functions, if any, are unknown. In this study, we observed that respiration growth of GBS led to the extracellular accumulation of a putative nuclease, identified as being encoded by the gbs0661 gene. When overproduced in L actococcus lactis , the protein was found to be a divalent cation‐requiring, pH ‐stable and heat‐stable nuclease that we named N uclease A ( NucA ). Substitution of the histidine 148 by alanine reduced nuclease activity of the GBS wild‐type strain, indicating that NucA is the major nuclease ex vivo . We determined that GBS is able to degrade the DNA matrix comprising the neutrophil extracellular trap ( NET ). The nucA H148A mutant was impaired for this function, implicating NucA in the virulence of GBS . In vivo infection studies confirmed that NucA is required for full infection, as the mutant strain allowed increased bacterial clearance from lung tissue and decreased mortality in infected mice. These results show that NucA is involved in NET escape and is needed for full virulence.
Serotonin Dysregulation Correlates with Both Bone and Active Disease In Multiple Myeloma (2010)

Abstract Abstract 1920 The biologic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM)-induced osteolytic bone disease are poorly understood. Physiological interactions between the serotoninergic and skeletal systems have been implicated by clinical observations. Brainstem-derived serotonin positively regulates bone mass following binding to 5-HT2C receptors on ventromedial hypothalamic neurons. This is opposed by platelet-derived serotonin that induces bone lysis and osteoclast activation. Moreover, the serotonin transporter SLCA6A4 is universally present among the malignant B cell clones. We examined serotonin dysregulation in two sample types from MM patients: peripheral blood and bone marrow. In the blood we measured by ELISA the ratio of serotonin in serum compared to platelets in patients with MM (n=10), MGUS (n=10) or healthy controls (n=5). We found higher levels of serotonin in platelets for the MM patients compared to the MGUS &amp; healthy controls (p=0.017). Concomitantly there was less serotonin in the serum of MM patients compared to compared to the MGUS &amp; healthy (p=0.002). This implies an imbalance in the compartmentalization of serotonin associated with presence of MM bone disease. Our multiplexed protein kinase signal pathway mapping technology, reverse phase protein microarrays (RPMA), was applied to bone marrow samples for quantifying post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation, cleavage, acetylation) and/or total cell signaling kinase levels. Using reverse-phase protein microarray (RPMA) we retrospectively measured bone remodeling signal pathway perturbations in 15 bone marrow core biopsies from patients diagnosed with MM, at different clinical stages, and correlated this with the presence of MM-related bone disease (documented by scan or MRI). Bone marrow core biopsies exhibited significant elevation of cellular Serotonin, RANK, MMP-11, TNFα, TNF-R1, and Ezrin Tyr353 in MM with active bone disease (n=9) compared to patients without bone disease (n=6) (respectively p=0.031, p=0.038, p=0.0082, p=0.0221, p=0.01, p=0.028). To further evaluate the serotonin dysregulation in bone marrow cells, we measured serotonin bound to plasma cells (CD138+) compared to CD138- cells in bone marrow aspirates (n=21). Bone marrow aspirate were collected from patients undergoing standard of care hematological work up for multiple myeloma at any stage or treatment course. Patients with symptomatic myeloma (defined as presence of at least one of CRAB symptom) had lower serotonin levels in the CD138- bone microenvironment cells compared to non-symptomatic patients (p=0.0235). Plasma cells (CD138+) exhibited larger amounts of serotonin compared CD138- bone microenvironment cells (p=0.016). Taken together, our data show a dysregulation of serotonin in MM suggesting an altered distribution of serotonin in blood and bone marrow. This provides potential insights into diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Image synthesis and perception of ground probing radar (1994)

A Ground Probing Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) system is used to extract subsurface scans. The principles and practices employed in this research relate to a Ground Probing Radar system operating with high frequency (lGHz) electromagnetic waves with adjacent transmitter and receiver antennas. Based on the theory of Kalman Filters, multi-sensor fusion is used to establish probabilistic models of individual sensor estimates and embed theses descriptions in a team-theoretic framework to finally describe the interactions between different sensors. Applied iteratively, consistent sensor estimates will converge to a qualitative image reconstruction. We investigate the possibility of deriving a functional model of image processing and representation to enhance the visual perception of subsurface images. The research is directed towards qualitative image integration and synthesis based on artificial neural networks pattern classification methods and front-end multi-sensor fusion techniques.
Characterizations of Indium Interconnects for 3D Quantum Assemblies (2023)

Large-scale integration of quantum bits and quantum technologies relies on multi-chip assemblies. In that context, we focus on indium microbumps to connect chips made from different materials and technological nodes. We have fabricated two test vehicles, comprising GaAs and Si chips stacked by die-to-die process on a Si-based substrate. GaAs on Si and Si on Si daisy chains were compared to evaluate the impact of thermal expansion coefficient mismatch on the chip connection. Electrical measurements in a cryostat from 300 K to 2 K, as well as morphological and mechanical characterizations were used to support this study and qualify In interconnect technology for heterogeneous quantum assemblies.
An Evaluation of Shape Changes for Conveying Emotions (2016)

In this paper, we explore how shape changing interfaces might be used to communicate emotions. We present two studies, one that investigates which shapes users might create with a 2D flexible surface, and one that studies the efficacy of the resulting shapes in conveying a set of basic emotions. Results suggest that shape parameters are correlated to the positive or negative character of an emotion, while parameters related to movement are correlated with arousal level. In several cases, symbolic shape expressions based on clear visual metaphors were used. Results from our second experiment suggest participants were able to recognize emotions given a shape with a good accuracy within 28% of the dimensions of the Circumplex Model. We conclude that shape and shape changes of a 2D flexible surface indeed appear able to convey emotions in a way that is worthy of future exploration.
Vector Modulation Scheme using Three Phase Modulator (2019)

A novel optical I-Q modulator circuit consisting of three phase modulator in parallel is proposed. Theoretical analysis is done by the minimization of an error function of an under-determined system, which delivers specific optical phase relationship and modulation constraints to achieve I-Q modulation. A single sideband modulation with carrier suppression is obtained at the output of the proposed architecture, which is in agreement with the analytical development. Numerical demonstration of the performance of the architecture is done by industry-standard software simulation. Scenarios considering both ideal and imperfect power balances and phase relations to the phase modulators are also considered.
Profiling of circulating exosomal miRNAs in patients with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (2018)

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a low-grade B-cell lymphoma characterized by disease progression from IgM MGUS to asymptomatic and then symptomatic disease states. We profiled exosomes from the peripheral blood of patients with WM at different stages (30 smoldering/asymptomatic WM, 44 symptomatic WM samples and 10 healthy controls) to define their role as potential biomarkers of disease progression. In this study, we showed that circulating exosomes and their miRNA content represent unique markers of the tumor and its microenvironment. We observed similar levels of miRNAs in exosomes from patients with asymptomatic (smoldering) and symptomatic WM, suggesting that environmental and clonal changes occur in patients at early stages of disease progression before symptoms occur. Moreover, we identified a small group of miRNAs whose expression correlated directly or inversely with the disease status of patients, notably the known tumor suppressor miRNAs let-7d and the oncogene miR-21 as well as miR-192 and miR-320b. The study of these miRNAs' specific effect in WM cells could help us gain further insights on the mechanisms underlying WM pathogenesis and reveal their potential as novel therapeutic targets for this disease.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Novel (5-Nitropyridin-2-yl)alkyl and (5-Nitropyridin-3-yl)alkyl Carbamates (2009)

A straightforward approach to novel (5-nitropyridin-2-yl)alkyl and (5-nitropyridin-3-yl)alkyl carbamate building blocks is presented in this study. Their construction is achieved by condensation of N-carbamate α- and β-amino carbonyl derivatives with 1-methyl-3,5-dinitro-2-pyridone 1 under microwave irradiation. Judiciously chosen modifications in the nature of the parent carbonyl starting material has influenced the regiochemical outcome of the reaction and allowed an efficient access to novel nitrogen-containing scaffolds. Compounds sharing morphological similarities have been gathered in three libraries differing from each other in a single structural parameter.
NetDraino: Saving Network Resources via Selective Packet Drops (2007)

Contemporary end-servers and network-routers rely on traffic shaping to deal with server overload and network congestion. Although such traffic shaping provides a means to mitigate the effects of server overload and network congestion, the lack of cooperation between end-servers and network-routers results in waste of network resources. To remedy this problem, we design, implement, and evaluate NetDraino, a novel mechanism that extends the existing queue-management schemes at routers to exploit the link congestion information at downstream end-servers. Specifically, NetDraino distributes the servers' traffic-shaping rules to the congested routers. The routers can then selectively discard those packets-as early as possible-that overloaded downstream servers will eventually drop, thus saving network resources for forwarding in-transit packets destined for non-overloaded servers. The functionality necessary for servers to distribute these filtering rules to routers is implemented within the Linux iptables and iproute2 architectures. Both of our simulation and experimentation results show that NetDraino significantly improves the overall network throughput with minimal overhead.
The formaldehyde dehydrogenase of Rhodococcus erythropolis, a trimeric enzyme requiring a cofactor and active with alcohols (1985)

During growth on compounds containing methyl groups a formaldehyde dehydrogenase is induced in the gram-positive bacteria Rhodococcus erythropolis. This formaldehyde dehydrogenase has been purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography and permeation chromatography. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7. The molar mass of the native enzyme was determined as 130 000 g/mol. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis yielded a single subunit with a molar mass of 44000 g/mol. These results, together with cross-linking experiments which yielded monomer, dimer, and trimer bands, are consistent with a trimeric subunit structure of the formaldehyde dehydrogenase. A heat-stable cofactor of low molar mass was required for activity with formaldehyde as substrate. This cofactor was found to be oxidizable, but active only in its reduced form. Preparative electrofocusing revealed that the cofactor is a weak acid with a pK of about 6.5. The enzyme was active with the homologous series of the primary alcohols, ethanol up to octanol, without requiring the presence of the cofactor. A mutant without formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity was not impaired in its growth with ethanol as substrate. It is suggested that the alcohols mimic the true substrate of the formaldehyde dehydrogenase, which could be a hydroxymethyl derivative of the cofactor, resulting from the addition of formaldehyde.
Accurate Circuit Performance Prediction Model and Lifetime Prediction Method of NBT Stressed Devices for Highly Reliable ULSI Circuits (2006)

An accurate circuit level prediction model for predicting performance degradation due to negative bias temperature (NBT) stress and a device lifetime prediction method are proposed in this paper. The proposed model consists of a threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</inf> ) shift and a drain current (I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</inf> ) reduction models. The developed models are incorporated into a compact MOSFET model so that we can directly link the device electrical degradation to the circuit simulation. The validity of the developed models is confirmed by the experimental results of I-V characteristics of pMOSFET before and after stress. Then, the circuit performance prediction is carried out for a 199-stage ring oscillator on its waveform and oscillation frequency. Excellent agreements between experimental results and predicted results are obtained. Since only a suitable acceleration method allows us to develop the accurate models, the new negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) acceleration method using cold-holes is also developed. Finally, we demonstrate the accurate NBTI lifetime prediction using the method.
Early Recurrences After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Prognostic Value and Effect of Early Reablation (2008)

An overwhelming majority of patients with recurrences within the first month after ablation have late recurrences. An early reablation reduces the incidence of further recurrences. However, the overall number of procedures is higher in the medium-term follow-up. The optimal timing for the second procedure remains to be defined.
Biobased epoxy resins for computer components and printed wiring boards (2002)

Lignin, a by-product of paper manufacturing, has been used to develop a new series of resins for various computer components, particularly printed wiring boards (PWB). PWBs are commonly fabricated from epoxy/fiberglass laminates onto which electrical components are mounted. Replacement of the current petroleum derived phenolic epoxy resins with bio-based materials would reduce the environmental concerns with the fabrication, assembly, and disposal of PWBs. Resins used in PWBs must have a high glass transition temperature, low moisture absorption, high thermal stability, flame retardancy and good dielectric properties. Lignin is the only common phenolic-based biopolymer, thus it is naturally hydrophobic and has good thermal stability. Resin formulations which are lignin/epoxy copolymers (containing at least 50% lignin) exhibit acceptable physical and electrical properties for a wide range of applications, including PWBs. Laminates formed from lignin based resins can be processed in a similar fashion to current laminates, minimizing the financial considerations of converting to this resin system.
Aortic blood momentum – the more the better for the ejecting heart in vivo? (1997)

The inertia force of late systolic aortic flow contributed to ventricular relaxation in the normal heart.
One-pot synthesis of hyperbranched polyethers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOne-pot synthesis of hyperbranched polyethersK. E. Uhrich, C. J. Hawker, J. M. J. Frechet, and S. R. TurnerCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 18, 4583–4587Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00044a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00044a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1281Altmetric-Citations216LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electroluminescence Stability of Organic Light-Emitting Devices Utilizing a Nondoped Pt-Based Emission Layer (2018)

We study the effects of using an emitting material (Pt(II) bis(3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate-Pt(fppz)<sub>2</sub>) characterized by a preferred horizontal dipole alignment and a nearly unitary quantum yield regardless of concentration on the lifetime of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Using such a material as a dopant in increasingly higher concentrations is found to lead to an increase in device stability, a trend that is different from that commonly observed with conventional OLED guests. The results are consistent with the newly discovered exciton-polaron-induced aggregation degradation mechanism of OLED materials. When this emitter is used as a neat emission layer, the material is already in a highly aggregated state, and the device is no longer affected by exciton-polaron interactions. The results demonstrate the potential stability benefits of using such materials in OLEDs.
Surface Relief Grating Array on GaAs Waveguides for Optical Spot Array Generation (1995)

Optical spot array generators are useful for inputs to optical processing and computing systems. In this paper we demonstrate rib waveguides overlaid with many micrometer-scale grating areas which produces an array of optical beams. This beam array generator can produce a regular matrix of spots which processors such as S-SEED arrays require, as well as spot patterns in less regular shapes, such as L-shape, which are useful for other types of processors [1]. The grating outcoupler approach offers an advantage over the binary phase grating approach to spot array generation because arbitrary patterns can be implemented with the flexible arrangement of the grating areas. In addition, this technique is relatively insensitive to variations in input wavelength (e.g. mode-hopping in a semiconductor laser) and to temperature variations of the device. Finally, the highly directional nature of grating outcoupling yields beams with very low divergence, easing alignment tolerances.
Supplementary Tables S1-S3 from AMG 925 Is a Dual FLT3/CDK4 Inhibitor with the Potential to Overcome FLT3 Inhibitor Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables S1-S3. Table S1. AMG 925 is a FLT3/CDK4 dual inhibitor; Table S2. AMG 925 resistant cells are also resistant to AC220 and sorafenib; Table S3 AMG 925 activity in Ba/F3 FLT3-ITD cells isolated from AC220 culture expression various FLT3 mutations.&lt;/p&gt;
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Characterizing smoking-induced transcriptional heterogeneity in the human bronchial epithelium at single-cell resolution (2018)

ABSTRACT The human bronchial epithelium is composed of multiple, distinct cell types that cooperate to perform functions, such as mucociliary clearance, that defend against environmental insults. While studies have shown that smoking alters bronchial epithelial function and morphology, the precise effects of this exposure on specific cell types are not well-understood. We used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile bronchial epithelial cells from six never- and six current smokers. Unsupervised analyses identified thirteen cell clusters defined by unique combinations of nineteen distinct gene sets. Expression of a set of toxin metabolism genes localized to ciliated cells from smokers. Smoking-induced airway remodeling was characterized by a loss of club cells and extensive goblet cell hyperplasia. Finally, we identified a novel peri-goblet epithelial subpopulation in smokers that expressed a marker of bronchial premalignant lesions. Our data demonstrates that smoke exposure drives a complex landscape of cellular and molecular alterations in the human bronchial epithelium that may contribute to the onset of smoking-associated lung diseases.