gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cutinase‐like proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis : characterization of their variable enzymatic functions and active site identification (2009)

Discovery and characterization of novel secreted enzymes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are important for understanding the pathogenesis of one of the most important human bacterial pathogens. The proteome of M. tuberculosis contains over 400 potentially secreted proteins, the majority of which are uncharacterized. A family of seven cutinase-like proteins (CULPs) was identified by bioinformatic analysis, expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, and characterized in terms of their enzymatic activities. These studies revealed a functional diversity of enzyme classes based on differential preferences for substrate chain length. One member, Culp1, exhibited strong esterase activity, 40-fold higher than that of Culp6, which had strong activity as a lipase. Another, Culp4, performed moderately as an esterase and weakly as a lipase. Culp6 lipase activity was optimal above pH 7.0, and fully maintained to pH 8.5. None of the CULP members exhibited cutinase activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of each residue of the putative catalytic triad in Culp6 confirmed that each was essential for activity toward all fatty acid chain lengths of nitrophenyl esters and lipolytic function. Culp1 and Culp2 were present only in culture supernatants of M. tuberculosis, while Culp6, which is putatively essential for mycobacterial growth, was retained in the cell wall, suggesting the proteins play distinct roles in mycobacterial biology.
Radioimmunotherapy dose estimation in patients with B‐cell lymphoma (1993)

Trials of radiolabeled antibody therapy in patients with B-cell lymphoma have been the most promising of any in radioimmunotherapy. Response rates of greater than 90% with many complete remissions have been reported by several groups using either low (185-370 MBq) or high (8.6-22.5 GBq) doses of I-131-labeled antibodies against B-cell antigens. Estimated doses delivered to normal organs have ranged from 0.2 to 2.2 mGy/MBq and have shown similar interpatient variation in all series, despite differences in antibody specificity and dosimetric techniques. Tumor doses have ranged from 0.5 to 5.4 mGy/MBq. There has been little correlation of tumor response with estimated tumor dose. Toxicity has been limited to bone marrow suppression which has been greater with the higher amounts of I-131. An advantage for a particular antibody specificity or for high dose compared to multiple low doses has yet to be demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: QUASI‐CONCERTED ALLYLIC REARRANGEMENT IN THE REACTION OF ALLYLIC CHLORIDES WITH METHYLTIN TRIS(METHANETHIOLATE) (1984)

Abstract Aus dem trans‐6‐Chlor‐4‐decen (I) erhält man beim Behandeln mit Methylzinn‐tnsmethylmercaptid (II) die beiden Substitutionsprodukte (III) und (IV), aus (V) bzw. (VII) bilden sich die Verbindungen (VI) bzw. (VIII).
Saliva urea nitrogen dipstick – a novel bedside diagnostic tool for acute kidney injury (2014)

SUN dipsticks allow the discrimination of AKIN 3 from earlier AKI stages. This low-technology approach may aid the screening of severe AKI in areas where laboratory resources are scarce.
Intracerebroventricular TWEAK (TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis) induces depressive-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction in non-autoimmune mice (CCR5P.200) (2015)

Abstract Fn14, the sole receptor for the TNF family member TWEAK, is inducibly expressed in the brain in endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons. Previously, we had found that Fn14 knockout lupus MRL/lpr mice display significantly attenuated neuropsychiatric manifestations. To establish whether this improvement in disease is secondary to ablation of TWEAK-Fn14 signaling within the CNS or the periphery and determine whether TWEAK-mediated neuropsychiatric effects are strain dependent, we performed intracerebraventricular injection (ICV) of Fc-TWEAK or a control protein to B6 mice. Interestingly, we found that the Fc-TWEAK injected mice developed significant depressive-like behavior and abnormal cognitive dysfunction. Inflammatory mediators including MCP-1, C3, and iNOS were significantly elevated in the brains of Fc-TWEAK treated mice. Furthermore, Fc-TWEAK directly increased BBB disruption, as demonstrated by increased fibronectin deposition in the brain and reduced aquaporin-4 expression. Finally, Fc-TWEAK increased apoptotic cell death in the cortex, hippocampus, and brain stem. In conclusion, TWEAK can contribute to lupus-associated neurobehavioral deficits by acting within the CNS to enhance production of inflammatory mediators, promote permeability of the BBB, and induce apoptosis in resident brain cells. Our study provides further support that the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases involving the CNS.
3GPP Access Traffic Steering Switching and Splitting (ATSSS) - Overview for IETF Participants (2020)

This document briefly presents the Access Traffic Steering, Switching,
and Splitting (ATSSS) service being specified within the 3rd
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The ATSSS service provides
network support for multihomed devices to select a path for
transmission (steer), move traffic from one path to another (switch),
or use multiple paths simultaneously (split). TS 23.501 specifies an
ATSSS architecture for TCP traffic. This document presents a snap-
shot of the ongoing discussion in the 3GPP to enable ATSSS for non-TCP
traffic, based on the use of QUIC, and assesses to what extent IETF
specifications can be used to meet the ATSSS design goals. Apparent
gaps are also documented.
A low power electro-optic polymer clad Mach-Zehnder modulator for high speed optical interconnects (2013)

Electro-optic (EO) polymer cladding modulators are an option for low-power high-speed optical interconnects on a silicon platform. EO polymers have inherently high switching speeds and have shown 40 Gb/s operation in EO polymer clad ring resonator modulators (RRM). In EO polymer clad RRM, the modulator’s area is small enough to be treated as a lumped capacitor; the capacitance is sufficiently low that the modulation speed is limited by the bandwidth of the resonator. A high Q resonator is needed for low voltage operation, but this can limit the speed and/or require precise control of the resonator’s wavelength, necessitating power consuming heaters to maintain optimal performance over a large temperature range. Mach Zehnder modulators (MZM), on the other hand, are not as sensitive to temperature fluctuations, but typically are relatively long and must employ power consuming terminated travelling wave electrodes. In this paper, a novel MZM design is presented using an EO polymer clad device. In this device, the electrodes are broken into short parallel segments and the waveguide folds around them. The segments of the electrode length are designed to provide good signal integrity up to 20 GHz without termination. The electrodes are driven by a single drive voltage and provide push-pull modulation. Modulators were designed and fabricated using silicon nitride waveguides on bulk silicon wafers and were demonstrated at high speed (20 GHz). A V<sub>&pi;</sub>L as low as 1.7 Vcm is measured on initial devices. An optimized device could provide 40 Gb/s performance at 1 V drive voltages, ~100 fF total device capacitance and less than 2 dB optical insertion loss.
Malignant Effusions in the Chest (2001)

The accumulation of fluid in the pleural or pericardial space, as a result of either cancer or its treatment, leads to a progressive reduction in the ability of the patient to oxygenate. This inability to oxygenate, first manifested as dyspnea on exertion, is a result of reduced cardiac output or compromised pulmonary reserve. Although the end result of progressive respiratory failure is the same, the presenting signs and symptoms of malignant pleural or pericardial effusions differ (Table 21–1) [1,2].
Meissner effect torsion suspension (1990)

The first tests of a Meissner effect torsion suspension consisting of a hollow superconducting sphere suspended above a circular superconducting coil have yielded torsion coefficients comparable to or softer than those of 25 μm (0.001 in.) fibers of the type commonly used in gravitation experiments. Data show anomalous behavior which can be attributed to trapped flux. This has at least two effects: it stiffens the torsional restoring torque and it causes a torque about an axis which is oblique to the desired vertical axis. External Helmholz coils modify this by providing compensation for axial asymmetry to reduce the torsion coefficient by a factor of 5 in these experiments. Methods to separate and evaluate the various effects are presented. With improved leveling and field-free cool down in future experiments it is likely that much larger torsion reduction factors will be reached.
Dilacunary Decatungstates Functionalized by Organometallic Ruthenium(II), [{Ru(C6H6)(H2O)}{Ru(C6H6)}(γ-XW10O36)]4- (X = Si, Ge) (2006)

The benzene-Ru(II)-supported dilacunary decatungstosilicate [{Ru(C6H6)(H2O)}{Ru(C6H6)}(gamma-SiW10O36)]4- and the isostructural decatungstogermanate [{Ru(C6H6)(H2O)}{Ru(C6H6)}(gamma-GeW10O36)]4- have been synthesized and characterized by multinuclear solution NMR, IR, elemental analysis, and electrochemistry. Single-crystal X-ray analysis was carried out on K4[{Ru(C6H6)(H2O)}{Ru(C6H6)}(gamma-SiW10O36)].9H2O (K-1), which crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pmn2(1), with a = 13.6702(3) A, b = 16.2419(4) A, c = 12.1397(2) A, and Z = 2, and on K4[{Ru(C6H6)(H2O)}{Ru(C6H6)}(gamma-GeW10O36)].7H2O (K-2), which also crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pmn2(1), with a = 13.6684(12) A, b = 16.297(2) A, c = 12.1607(13) A, and Z = 2. Polyanions 1 and 2 consist of a Ru(C6H6)(H2O) group and a Ru(C6H6) group linked to a dilacunary (gamma-XW10O36) Keggin fragment resulting in an assembly with idealized Cs symmetry. The Ru(C6H6)(H2O) group is bound at the lacunary polyanion site via two Ru-O(W) bonds, whereas the Ru(C6H6) group is bound on the side via three Ru-O(W) bonds. Polyanions 1 and 2 were synthesized in aqueous acidic medium at pH 2.5 by the reaction of [Ru(C6H6)Cl2]2 with [gamma-SiW10O36]8- and [gamma-GeW10O36]8-, respectively. The formal potentials are roughly the same for the first W waves of 1 and 2. However, important differences appear for the second W waves. These observations indicate different acid-base properties for the reduced forms of 1 and 2. Three oxidation processes were detected: the oxidation of the Ru center is followed first by irreversible electrocatalytic processes of the Ru-benzene moiety and then of the electrolyte. Comparison of this behavior with that of the precursor reagent, [Ru(C6H6)Cl2]2, was useful to understand the main oxidation processes. A ligand substitution reaction was observed upon addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) to 1, 2, or [Ru(C6H6)Cl2]2. This reaction facilitates substantially the oxidation of the Ru center. The dmso was oxidized with large electrocatalytic currents more efficiently in the presence of 1 and 2 than with [Ru(C6H6)Cl2]2.
Absolute stereochemical course of muconolactone .DELTA.-isomerase and of 4-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase: proton NMR "ricochet" analysis (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsolute stereochemical course of muconolactone .DELTA.-isomerase and of 4-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase: proton NMR "ricochet" analysisRavi V. J. Chari, Christian P. Whitman, John W. Kozarich, Ka Leung Ngai, and L. Nicholas OrnstonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 18, 5520–5521Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00252a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00252a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fresh-Water Mollusks as Biomonitors for Ecotoxicity of Nanomaterials (2021)

The use of different nanoparticles (NPs) is growing every year since discoveries of their unique properties. The wide use of nanomaterials has raised concerns about their safety and possible accumulation in the aquatic environment. Mussels are being considered as one of the most suitable organisms for bioaccumulation monitoring. Within our study, we focused on developing the method that can be applied in field studies of ecotoxicity and can be nondestructive and informative at early times of exposure, while at the same time being based on changes of physiological parameters of fresh water mussels. The changes in the cardiovascular and neural systems of mollusks (<i>Anodonta anatina</i> and <i>Unio tumidus</i>) were measured as biomarkers of toxic effects. Different monometallic and bimetallic NPs, silicon NPs with various ligands were applied as test substances. Changes in cardiovascular and neural functions were in good correlation with accumulation tests for all tested NPs.
Exploring One-shot Semi-supervised Federated Learning with A Pre-trained Diffusion Model (2023)

Recently, semi-supervised federated learning (semi-FL) has been proposed to handle the commonly seen real-world scenarios with labeled data on the server and unlabeled data on the clients. However, existing methods face several challenges such as communication costs, data heterogeneity, and training pressure on client devices. To address these challenges, we introduce the powerful diffusion models (DM) into semi-FL and propose FedDISC, a Federated Diffusion-Inspired Semi-supervised Co-training method. Specifically, we first extract prototypes of the labeled server data and use these prototypes to predict pseudo-labels of the client data. For each category, we compute the cluster centroids and domain-specific representations to signify the semantic and stylistic information of their distributions. After adding noise, these representations are sent back to the server, which uses the pre-trained DM to generate synthetic datasets complying with the client distributions and train a global model on it. With the assistance of vast knowledge within DM, the synthetic datasets have comparable quality and diversity to the client images, subsequently enabling the training of global models that achieve performance equivalent to or even surpassing the ceiling of supervised centralized training. FedDISC works within one communication round, does not require any local training, and involves very minimal information uploading, greatly enhancing its practicality. Extensive experiments on three large-scale datasets demonstrate that FedDISC effectively addresses the semi-FL problem on non-IID clients and outperforms the compared SOTA methods. Sufficient visualization experiments also illustrate that the synthetic dataset generated by FedDISC exhibits comparable diversity and quality to the original client dataset, with a neglectable possibility of leaking privacy-sensitive information of the clients.
Ultra-precision stage control based on friction model of non-resonant ultrasonic motor (2004)

This paper presents a friction model-based ultra-precision stage control that introduces the non-resonant ultrasonic motor (NRUSM). At first, the friction characteristic is experimentally evaluated as a function of the stage position. Next, the friction model is adopted for the proposed continuous-pass tracking control design, and then the efficiency of the model-based control is verified by positioning experiments. Finally, measuring the time variation of the static friction characteristics, the on-line identification method for the control system is proposed.
Determination of the valence of Pr in (Eu1.5−xPrxCe0.5)Sr2Cu2NbO10superconducting compounds by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (1996)

The issue of the valence state of praseodymium (Pr) in Pr-containing cuprates is addressed using electron-energy-loss spectrometry (EELS) in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) on (${\mathrm{Eu}}_{1.5\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Pr}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ce}}_{0.5}$)${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{NbO}}_{10}$ compounds. EELS analysis, in reference to Ce ${\mathit{M}}_{4,5}$ edges, clearly indicates that the energy onset, ${\mathit{M}}_{5}$/${\mathit{M}}_{4}$ intensity ratio and the fine structure of the ${\mathit{M}}_{5}$ and ${\mathit{M}}_{4}$ edges of a Pr are consistent with Pr valence of +3. These results eliminate theoretical descriptions on these compounds based upon a Pr +4 valence state and a suppression of carrier states. Localized holes, magnetic interactions, and f-electron hybridization remain viable candidates to explain the lack of superconductivity in Pr-based cuprates. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Structural basis of Tie2 activation and Tie2/Tie1 heterodimerization (2017)

The endothelial cell (EC)-specific receptor tyrosine kinases Tie1 and Tie2 are necessary for the remodeling and maturation of blood and lymphatic vessels. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) growth factor is a Tie2 agonist, whereas Ang2 functions as a context-dependent agonist/antagonist. The orphan receptor Tie1 modulates Tie2 activation, which is induced by association of angiopoietins with Tie2 in <i>cis</i> and across EC-EC junctions in <i>trans</i> Except for the binding of the C-terminal angiopoietin domains to the Tie2 ligand-binding domain, the mechanisms for Tie2 activation are poorly understood. We report here the structural basis of Ang1-induced Tie2 dimerization in <i>cis</i> and provide mechanistic insights on Ang2 antagonism, Tie1/Tie2 heterodimerization, and Tie2 clustering. We find that Ang1-induced Tie2 dimerization and activation occurs via the formation of an intermolecular β-sheet between the membrane-proximal (third) Fibronectin type III domains (Fn3) of Tie2. The structures of Tie2 and Tie1 Fn3 domains are similar and compatible with Tie2/Tie1 heterodimerization by the same mechanism. Mutagenesis of the key interaction residues of Tie2 and Tie1 Fn3 domains decreased Ang1-induced Tie2 phosphorylation and increased the basal phosphorylation of Tie1, respectively. Furthermore, the Tie2 structures revealed additional interactions between the Fn 2 (Fn2) domains that coincide with a mutation of Tie2 in primary congenital glaucoma that leads to defective Tie2 clustering and junctional localization. Mutagenesis of the Fn2-Fn2 interface increased the basal phosphorylation of Tie2, suggesting that the Fn2 interactions are essential in preformed Tie2 oligomerization. The interactions of the membrane-proximal domains could provide new targets for modulation of Tie receptor activity.
Ring-Opening Reactions of Oxabicyclic Alkene Compounds:  Enantioselective Hydride and Ethyl Additions Catalyzed by Group 4 Metals (2000)

Titanium and zirconium catalysts selectively catalyze either the ethyl or hydride addition to [2.2.1] 4, 5-bis(methoxymethyl)-7-oxabicycloheptene (6); the ring-opened products formed depend on catalyst, temperature, alkylaluminum reagent, and the concentration of alkylaluminum. Bis(neoisomenthylindenyl)zirconium dichloride catalyzes the ethyl addition ring-opening of 6 to produce (1R,2S,3S,6R)-2, 3-bis(methoxymethyl)-6-ethylcyclohex-4-enol (7) in 96% ee. Zirconium catalysts catalyze the ring-opening of [3.2.1] 2, 4-dimethyl-3-(benzyloxy)-8-oxabicyclo-6-octene (7) when ethylmagnesium bromide is used as a reagent. Both hydride and ethyl addition products are obtained at all conditions studied. Bis(neoisomenthylindenyl)zirconium dichloride catalyzes the ethyl addition ring-opening of 7 to produce (1S,2R,3S,4S,7S)-2, 4-dimethyl-3-(benzyloxy)-7-ethyl-5-cyclohexen-1-ol (8) in 48% ee.
Relation between Electrostatic Charge and Number of Bonding Units on Copolymer (1970)

帯電符号の異なる単独重合体を構成している, それぞれの単量体からなる二元共重合体の組成-飽和帯電量曲線は, ある共重合組成まで一方の単位の示す符号に片よったS字曲線となる。この解釈として, 共重合連鎖にある異種単位の結合部分では, 異種単位の間で新しいエネルギーレベルが形成されるとして理解できる。単独重合体で正に帯電するスチレンと負に帯電するメタクリル酸メチルは同じ電荷生成能を示すが, この両者の共重合体をモデルとして Sequence を考慮し, 異種単位の結合部分が帯電に寄与しないと見なした時の, 連鎖におけるそれぞれの単位濃度から飽和帯電電位を計算した。計算値による組成-飽和帯電電位曲線と, 実測値のそれとは極めて良く一致する。この様な現象は帯電符号の異なる他の単位の組合せからなる共重合体 (例えば MMA-MAn, St-VAc, St-AAm など) でも確認された。以上の結論として, 共重合体連鎖の異種単位結合部においては, それぞれの単位相互間に電荷の移動が起り, 新しいエネルギーレベルが形成されることを提案した。
Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Trustworthy Embedded Devices (2016)

The 6th International Workshop on Trustworthy Embedded Devices (TrustED 2016) was held October 28th, 2016 in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria, and has been co-located with the 23rd ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS 2016). TrustED 2016 is a continuation of previous workshops in this series, which were held in conjunction with ESORICS 2011, IEEE Security & Privacy 2012, ACM CCS 2013, ACM CCS 2014, and ACM CCS 2015 (see http://www.trusted-workshop.de for details). The fast and steady developments in sensor technologies, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), Internet infrastructure and communication standards have given rise to a new disruptive technology: the Internet of Things (IoT). As a key enabler for building a connected world, IoT allows people and objects in the physical world to interact with each other and create various smart environments in an autonomous manner. It has been estimated that the IoT ecosystem will bring over 28 billion connected autonomous things by 2020. As IoT continues to gain traction and more connected devices come to market, security and privacy will become major concerns. The resource-constrained smart embedded devices in IoT systems as well as the inherent complexity of IoT system architectures have posed new challenges for designing and implementing security and privacy mechanisms for protecting emerging IoT applications. Given the above, major themes of TrustED 2016 include security and privacy aspects of the Internet of Things and in particular of embedded devices as parts of cyber physical systems and their environments. It aims to bring together experts from academia and research institutes, industry, and government in the field of security and privacy in cyber physical systems to discuss and investigate the problems, challenges, and recent scientific and technological developments in this field. This year, twelve papers have been submitted. Each paper received at least three reviews, which were followed by an online discussion to decide on the program. Papers co-authored by one PC chair were exclusively handled by the other. The program committee accepted six papers that cover a variety of topics, including Physical Unclonable Functions, side-channel attacks, physical layer security, hardware security, and system security. In addition to the technical program, the workshop featured three internationally highly renowned speakers: Aurélien Francillon, Marcel Medwed, and David Oswald.
Stickler Syndrome: Airway Complications in a Case Series of 502 Patients (2019)

The majority of Stickler patients can be anesthetized safely with standard management. If patients have a receding mandible or history of cleft, an experienced anesthetist familiar with Stickler syndrome should manage the patient. We recommend that patients identified to have a difficult airway wear an alert bracelet.