gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren syndrome (2006)

Medicine and Microbiology, Columbia University, New York, 10032, USA Correspondence to Betty Diamond, Medicine and Microbiology, Audubon Bldg. III, Room 916, 1130 Saint Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA Tel: +1 212 851 4576; e-mail: [email protected]
Mechanism of supporting sub-communicator collectives with O(64) counters as opposed to one counter for each sub-communicator (2023)

A system and method for enhancing barrier collective synchronization on a computer system comprises a computer system including a data storage device. The computer system includes a program stored in the data storage device and steps of the program being executed by a processor. The system includes providing a plurality of communicators for storing state information for a barrier algorithm. Each communicator designates a master core in a multi-processor environment of the computer system. The system allocates or designates one counter for each of a plurality of threads. The system configures a table with a number of entries equal to the maximum number of threads. The system sets a table entry with an ID associated with a communicator when a process thread initiates a collective. The system determines an allocated or designated counter by searching entries in the table.
A Novel Transmitter Architecture for Spectrally-Precoded OFDM (2018)

Frequency nulling spectral precoding is an approach that suppresses the out-of-band emission in orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) systems. In this paper, we discuss the transmitter architecture of the spectrally precoded OFDM systems. We design a novel precoder that matches the practical implementation of the OFDM modulator. We show that spectral precoding can relax the analog low pass filtering requirements of the OFDM system transmitter. We examine the effect of spectral precoding on the PAPR as well as the effect of the PA on the spectral precoding suppression performance. We also study the compliance of the spectrally precoded OFDM transmitter with the 3GPP standardization measures and analyze its computation complexity. At the receiver side, we analyze the in-band interference and BER performance of the suggested precoding approach.
Gate tunable resonant tunneling in graphene-based heterostructures and device applications (2015)

Electron tunneling is receiving increased emphasis as the physical mechanism of operation in emerging devices that seek to mitigate power dissipation issues in aggressively scaled CMOS technology. A tunneling field-effect transistors (TFET) consisting of a gated p-i-n junction is arguably the best known example. In a separate class of tunneling devices, consisting of two semiconducting layers separated by a barrier, the inter-layer tunneling current-voltage characteristics possess gate-tunable negative differential resistance [1]–[3], which is subsequently used to implement Boolean logic functions [4]. We describe here the fabrication, characterization, and benchmarking of inter-layer TFETs (ITFETs) using double bilayer graphene heterostructures separated by hexagonal boron-nitride dielectric as example [Fig. 1(a)].
New-Product Diffusion in Closed-Loop Supply Chains (2020)

Problem definition: We study the sales planning problem of a producer who sells new and remanufactured versions of a durable good over a finite life cycle. We investigate whether slowing down product diffusion by choosing to partially satisfy demand might be profitable for the producer. Academic/practical relevance: We provide new insights into sales management in closed-loop supply chains by uncovering the role key market characteristics play in profitability of partial demand fulfillment as well as its optimal timing and magnitude. Methodology: We develop a dynamic model in which demand arrives as a slightly modified Bass diffusion process, and end-of-use products required for remanufacturing are constrained by earlier sales. Results: The optimal sales plan involves partial demand fulfillment when the product diffusion rate is high, the profit margin from remanufacturing is large, and the remanufactured item is in limited demand. Partial demand fulfillment extends to earlier stages of the life cycle as the diffusion rate grows, the demand for remanufactured items shrinks, or the number of consumers who return their end-of-use items increases. It is profitable to backlog more customers when the word-of-mouth effect dominates the diffusion process or when the demand for remanufactured items is lower. Finally, the benefit of delaying product diffusion tends to increase with diffusion rate. Managerial implications: Our findings suggest that deliberately backlogging some customers may be an effective lever (in the absence of flexibility to dynamically adjust prices) for durable-good producers in fast-clockspeed industries to improve their total profits from the jointly optimized sales of new and remanufactured items.
Evidence-based support for phenotypic drug discovery in acute myeloid leukemia (2022)

The discovery and development of effective drugs for cancer patients has seen limited success in the clinic from phase I trials onward. The high attrition rate of current drug development approaches requires careful evaluation to provide a better understanding of the factors that correlate with or predict positive clinical outcomes. Here, we examine pre-clinical drug development approaches and conduct a meta-analysis of 2918 clinical studies involving 466 unique drugs tested in clinical trials for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our goal was to determine whether there are key shared pre-clinical characteristics that ultimately relate to successful or unsuccessful drugs in patients. We provide an evidence-based recommendation for the use of phenotypic drug discovery rather than other methods during pre-clinical development. Although our analysis was limited to AML, similar analyses are likely to be informative for other tumor-specific drug discovery campaigns, informing and improving the foundational discovery screens and platforms for other cancers.
Genetically Encoded Alkenes in Yeast (2009)

Aminosäuren mit C-C-Doppelbindungen wurden mithilfe orthogonaler tRNA/Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetasepaare in Proteine von Saccharomyces cerevisiae eingeführt. Diese nichtnatürlichen Aminosäuren können für selektive Proteinmodifizierungen durch Olefinmetathese genutzt werden. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Initial evaluation of PET/CT with 18F‐FSU‐880 targeting prostate‐specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients (2018)

This first-in-man study was carried out to evaluate the safety, whole-body distribution, dose estimation, and lesion accumulation of <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880, a newly developed probe targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen. Six prostate cancer patients with known metastatic lesions underwent serial whole-body PET/computed tomography (CT) with <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880. Blood and urine were analyzed before and after PET/CT. Accumulation of <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880 in organs and metastatic lesions in serial PET images were evaluated by measuring the standardized uptake values. From the biodistribution data, the organ doses and whole-body effective dose were calculated using OLINDA/EXM software was developed by Dr. Michael Stabin of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880 PET/CT could be carried out without significant adverse effects. High physiological uptake was observed in the salivary/lachrymal glands and kidneys. The effective dose was calculated to be 0.921 × 10<sup>-2</sup> mSv/MBq. Known metastatic lesions were clearly visualized with high image contrast that increased with time, except in 1 patient, whose bone metastases were well-controlled and inactive. The PET/CT with <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880 could be carried out safely and could clearly visualize active metastatic lesions. The present results warrant further clinical studies with a larger number of cases to verify the clinical utility of <sup>18</sup> F-FSU-880 PET/CT in the management of prostate cancer patients.
Feasibility of using optical coherence tomography to detect acute radiation-induced esophageal damage in small animal models (2018)

Lung cancer survival is poor, and radiation therapy patients often suffer serious treatment side effects. The esophagus is particularly sensitive leading to acute radiation-induced esophageal damage (ARIED). We investigated the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for minimally invasive imaging of the esophagus with high resolution (10 μm) to detect ARIED in mice. Thirty mice underwent cone-beam computed tomography imaging for initial setup assessment and dose planning followed by a single-dose delivery of 4.0, 10.0, 16.0, and 20.0 Gy on 5.0-mm spots, spaced 10.0 mm apart in the esophagus. They were repeatedly imaged using OCT up to three months postirradiation. We compared OCT findings with histopathology obtained three months postirradiation qualitatively and quantitatively using the contrast-to-background-noise ratio (CNR). Histopathology mostly showed inflammatory infiltration and edema at higher doses; OCT findings were in agreement with most of the histopathological reports. We were able to identify the ARIED on OCT as a change in tissue scattering and layer thickness. Our statistical analysis showed significant difference between the CNR values of healthy tissue, edema, and inflammatory infiltration. Overall, the average CNR for inflammatory infiltration and edema damages was 1.6-fold higher and 1.6-fold lower than for the healthy esophageal wall, respectively. Our results showed the potential role of OCT to detect and monitor the ARIED in mice, which may translate to humans.
1237: NOVEL ANALYSIS OF ECHOCARDIOGRAM INDICES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH OUTCOMES IN PEDIATRIC SEPSIS (2022)

Introduction: Sepsis induced myocardial dysfunction is common in pediatric sepsis. We sought to utilize novel, specialized algorithms of echocardiogram data that allow for automatic acquisition of echocardiographic indices from all four chambers without advanced interpretation by cardiologists. We hypothesized that these algorithms could predict mortality and morbidity in septic children. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 59 children admitted to the ICU with sepsis and echocardiogram data. Three user inputted points outlining each heart chamber were applied to existing echocardiograms. Novel algorithms then computed the relevant echocardiographic indices. We examined right and left sided indices for systolic function [ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV) systolic wave (S’)], diastolic function [early diastolic annular velocity (E’), late diastolic annular velocity (A’)], chamber sizes, and strain indices. Our primary outcome was mortality, secondary outcomes included ventilator free days (VFD) at 28 days, and length of stay (LOS). Linear regression models were constructed. Results: Six (10.2%) of 59 patients died. Baseline characteristics were similar between survivors and nonsurvivors. Survivors had higher right ventricular (RV) SV [11.2 mL (4.7, 52.3) versus 3.04 mL (2.1, 4.2), p=0.010], RV (S’) [6.2 cm/s (5.0, 7.6) versus 4.5 cm/s (2.9, 6.2), p=0.046] and RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) [29.6 mL (12.3, 70.9) versus 9.1 mL (5.8, 17.6), p=0.016]. Multiple right chamber indices were associated with more VFD at 28 days [RV S’: β 2.7 (1.3 to 4.1), p=< 0.000, RV E’: β 2.3 (0.9 to 3.6), p=0.002, right atrial (RA) SV: β 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5), p=0.010, RA EF: β 0.2 (0.0 to 0.4) p=0.047, and RA EDV: β 0.4 (0.1 to 0.8) p=0.017]. Multiple diastolic indices were associated with differences in both ICU LOS in hours [left ventricular (LV) A’: β -129.5 (-208.4 to -50.6), p=0.020; RV S’: β -96.1 (-168.7 to -23.4), p=0.01] and hospital LOS in hours [LV A’: β -144.9 (-266.6 to -23.4), p=0.02; RV S’: β -145.1 (-260.7 to -29.6), p=0.015]. Conclusions: In this cohort of children with sepsis, echocardiographic indices as measured by our point of care, novel algorithms can be utilized to risk stratify these high-risk patients. Right sided chambers appear to be more predictive of both mortality and morbidity.
Near Successive Refinement of Gaussian Vectors in Grassmannian Space (2009)

In this paper we look at the problem of successively refining the description of a Gaussian i.i.d. source in a Grassmannian space. This problem is relevant, for example, in the encoding of channel state information for the limited feedback MIMO broadcast channel. We show how it is possible to achieve an isotropic distribution of the error vector by applying unitary transformations, which simplifies the problem of finding optimal codebooks for the error quantisation. Reconstruction error analysis and numerical tests show how the proposed technique can, in practice, perform very close to the distortion- rate bound and suggest that, in some cases, these successive error descriptions can be optimal refinements of one another.
Surgical Management of Intraabdominal Metastases From Melanoma: Role of the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Potential Prognostic Factor (2013)

Our results confirm the usefulness of major surgical interventions as reported in previous studies. We reviewed recent evidence that immunologic phenomena may explain the unexpectedly good response rate in patients with advanced disease. The simple estimation of the NLR has been advocated as a prognostic marker for several cancers. We show that it is likewise useful in metastatic melanoma. We stress the need for developing additional immunologic markers.
Impact of Physical Vapor Deposition-Based In situ Fabrication Method on Metal/High-k Gate Stacks (2007)

We proposed an in situ method for fabricating metal/high-k gate stacks. High-quality Hf silicate gate dielectrics were formed by utilizing a solid phase interface reaction (SPIR) between a metal Hf layer and an SiO2 underlayer, and TiN electrodes were continuously grown on the gate dielectrics using a low-damage sputtering system without exposure to air. We investigated the optimum SPIR conditions for TiN/HfSiO gate stacks, such as the thicknesses of the metal Hf and oxide underlayers, in situ annealing temperature, and oxygen pressure. The results indicate that the in situ method can be used to precisely control the SPIR to form silicate films and improve the electrical properties at metal/high-k interfaces. We demonstrated that the scaling of equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) was achieved and that the carbon impurity content at the gate stacks was successfully reduced by in situ silicate formation and continuous electrode deposition. As a consequence, we obtained excellent EOT versus gate leakage characteristics and succeeded in improving the hysteresis of capacitance–voltage curves for the TiN/HfSiO gate stacks.
Direct nuclear pumped (DNP) lasers (2014)

The recently produced direct nuclear pumped (DNP) lasers and the available Megajoules of pumping energy suggest the possibility of DNP high-power lasers. These studies relate the DNP electron distribution to ionization, recombination, charge exchange, and eximer formation.
Deployment analysis in underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks (2006)

In this paper, different deployment strategies for two-dimensional and three-dimensional communication architectures for UnderWater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UW-ASNs) are proposed, and statistical deployment analysis for both architectures is provided. The objectives of this paper are to determine the minimum number of sensors needed to be deployed to achieve the optimal sensing and communication coverage, which are dictated by the application; provide guidelines on how to choose the optimal deployment surface area, given a target region; study the robustness of the sensor network to node failures, and provide an estimate of the number of redundant sensors to be deployed to compensate for possible failures.
A Call to Action to Develop Integrated Curricula in Cardiorenal Medicine (2017)

With the adoption of the new definition and classification of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and its relevant subtypes, much attention has been placed on elucidating the mechanisms of heart and kidney interactions. Of great interest are the pathophysiological pathways by which acute heart failure may result in acute kidney injury (AKI; type 1), chronic heart failure accelerating the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD; type 2), AKI provoking cardiac events (type 3), and CKD increasing the risk and severity of cardiovascular disease (type 4). A remarkable interest has also been placed on the acute and chronic systemic conditions, such as sepsis and diabetes, which simultaneously affect heart and kidney function (type 5). Furthermore, the physiology of acute and chronic heart-kidney cross talk is drawing attention to hemodynamics (fluids, pressures, flows, resistances, perfusion), physiochemical (electrolytes, pH, and toxins), and biological (inflammation, immune system activation, neurohormonal signals) processes. Common clinical scenarios call for recognition, knowledge, and skill in managing CRS. There is a clear need for medical and surgical specialists that are well versed in the pathophysiology and the clinical manifestations that arise in the setting of CRS. With this editorial, we are making a call to action to stimulate universities, medical schools, and teaching hospitals to create a core curriculum for cardiorenal medicine to better equip the physicians of the future for these common, serious, and frequently fatal syndromes.
Mean-Field and Anomalous Behavior on a Small-World Network (2003)

We consider various equilibrium statistical mechanics models with combined short- and long-range interactions and identify the crossover to mean-field behavior, finding anomalous scaling in the width of the mean-field region, as well as in the mean-field amplitudes. We then show that this model enables us, in many cases, to determine the universal critical properties of systems on a small-world network. Finally, we consider nonequilibrium processes.
Computational Optimization of Compliance Matched Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts (2016)

Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death among Americans for which coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a standard surgical treatment. The success of CABG surgery is impaired by the compliance mismatch between vascular grafts and native vessels. Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have the potential to be compliance matched and thereby reduce the risk of graft failure. Glutaraldehyde (GLUT) vapor-crosslinked gelatin/fibrinogen constructs were fabricated and mechanically tested in a previous study by our research group at 2, 8, and 24 hours of GLUT vapor exposure. Constructs electrospun with tropoelastin in addition to gelatin and fibrinogen fibers were also fabricated and tested for the same amounts of GLUT vapor exposure. The current study details a computational method that was developed to predict the material properties of our constructs for crosslinking times between 2 and 24 hours by interpolation and regression of the 2, 8, and 24 hour crosslinking time data. Matlab and Abaqus were used to determine the optimal combination of fabrication parameters to produce compliance matched constructs. The validity of the method was first tested on a 16 hour crosslinked gelatin/fibrinogen construct of 130μm thickness. The predicted compliance was 0.00059 mmHg-1 while the experimentally determined compliance was 0.00065 mmHg-1, a relative difference of 9.2%. Prior data in our laboratory has shown the compliance of the left anterior descending porcine coronary (LADC) artery to be 0.00071 ± 0.0003 mmHg-1. The optimization algorithm predicts that a 258μm thick construct that is GLUT vapor crosslinked for 8.1 hours would match LADC compliance. The algorithm was expanded to predict the compliance of constructs consisting of alternating layers of tropoelastin/gelatin/fibrinogen and gelatin/fibrinogen. A four layered graft was designed and fabricated using this optimization routine. The layered construct was found to have a compliance of 0.00051 mmHg-1 while the predicted compliance was 0.00061 mmHg-1, a difference of 16%. This is a promising method for matching the compliance of our TEVGs with the native tissue of various specimens.
Medical technology innovation for a sustainable impact in Low- and Middle-Income countries: a holistic approach. (2020)

Technologies that have been designed for use in high-income countries often fail to deliver their full potential when transposed to Low and Middle-Income Contexts (LMICs). The health sector is a case in point, as medical devices, whether donated or purchased, are generally short lived in those contexts. The mismatch between needs and available solutions originates from the inadequacy of both the technology and the business models. Essential medical technologies such as oxygen concentrators, neonatal incubators, anesthesia machines or diagnostic X-ray systems are classic examples. The case of diagnostic X-ray imaging is particularly striking: 125 years after its invention, up to two thirds of the world population still does not have access to radiology services, according to the World Health Organisation. This is despite the fact that X-ray radiology is one of the cornerstone of healthcare and a crucial instrument for diagnosing a variety of health issues ranging from trauma to tuberculosis and other lung diseases.We are presenting an integrated methodological approach, to develop innovative solutions adapted to the context of LMICs. The approach relies on three crucial pillars: cooperation, interdisciplinarity and entrepreneurship with a long-term sustainability perspective. We propose a set of four complementary tools that increase the chances of successfully developing and deploying the technologies at scale. The tools, while very practical, allow striking a balance between economic viability, environmental and social impact. We illustrate the use of these tools with the case of diagnostic X-ray imaging. We propose that using the approach and tools presented here could allow to rethink other complex technologies that have the potential to address social challenges, in the perspective of making them suitable for LMICs. We also believe that this approach to developing solutions addressing the needs of poorer communities, may lead to better products in industrialized contexts as well.
Methods of design, simulation, and control for the development of new VAD/TAH concepts / Methoden zur Konstruktion, Simulation und Regelung für die Entwicklung von neuen VAD/TAH-Konzepten (2009)

Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death worldwide. If medical treatments fail to restore adequate blood flow in a patient, mechanical support is needed. To date, many different types of blood pumps have been developed, but only few are clinically available. This review article describes the challenges involved in this field of research and gives an overview of the development process. Past developments as well as current and new technologies and approaches applied are summarized. Finally, a perspective for improved devices is discussed.
Immune infiltrates impact on the prediction of prognosis and response to immunotherapy of melanoma patients (2015)

Contains fulltext : 153062.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Supplementary Table 2 from Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Pathway Alterations Are Associated with Histologic Subtypes and Are Predictive of Sensitivity to PI3K Inhibitors in Lung Cancer Preclinical Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 17K, PI3K pathway alterations in NSCLC cell lines&lt;/p&gt;