gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>trans</i>-Cinnamaldehyde Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in V79-4 Chinese Hamster Lung Fibroblasts through the Nrf2-Mediated HO-1 Activation (2020)

Oxidative stress, which is characterized by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is considered a major risk factor associated with fibroblast death in severe lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. trans-Cinnamaldehyde (tCA), the major phytochemical constituent in cinnamon, is known to possess strong anti-oxidant activity. However, whether tCA can defend lung fibroblasts against oxidative injury remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of tCA on oxidative stress in V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. The current results showed that tCA inhibited hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)-induced cytotoxicity by blocking abnormal accumulation of ROS in V79-4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. tCA attenuated apoptosis by suppressing of mitochondrial dysfunction and cytosolic release of cytochrome c, increasing the rate of Bcl-2/Bax expression and reducing the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-stimulated V79-4 cells, suggesting that tCA protected V79-4 cells from the induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Additionally, the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was markedly promoted by tCA in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which was associated with the enhanced expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However, inhibiting the activity of HO-1 by zinc protoporphyrin IX, a potent inhibitor of HO-1, eliminated the ROS scavenging and protective effects of tCA, indicating that tCA was able to protect V79-4 lung fibroblasts from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Therefore, it is suggested that tCA may be useful as a candidate for the treatment of oxidative stress-mediated lung injuries in the future.
Potassium transport by the isolated perfused kidney. (1975)

Rat kidneys perfused outside of the body with an artificial medium are able to increase their fractional excretion of potassium in response to a rising concentration of potassium in the medium but never show net secretion of potassium. By contrast, isolated perfused kidneys from chronically potassium-loaded rats regularly secrete potassium in excess of the amount filtered. Ouabain completely blocks the secretion of potassium by these isolated kidneys, suggesting that Na-K-ATPase mediates potassium secretion by potassium-adapted rats. Neither sodium deprivation, pretreatment with deoxycorticosterone, nor pretreatment with methylprednisolone prepared the kidney to secrete potassium, despite stimulation of Na-K-ATPase activity in cortex or outer medulla. Potassium loading was the only maneuver tested that increased the activity of Na-Katpase in the inner medulla (white papilla) and also produced potassium secretion by the isolated kidney. Surgical ablation of the papilla abolished the net secretion of potassium normally seen in perfused kidneys of potassium-adapted rats, thus underlining the importance of the papilla in the process of potassium adaptation.
A High-Molecular-Weight Mite Antigen (HM1) Fraction Aggravates Airway Hyperresponsiveness of Allergic Mice to House Dusts and Whole Mite Cultures (2002)

The inhalation of the high-molecular-weight HM1 fraction of D. farinae prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness and macrophage inflammation in a mouse model of hypersensitivity. The results indicate that the HM1 fraction which can induce T cell proliferation through macrophage activation may play a role in the duration of airway responsiveness.
Characterization and Modeling of the Transient Safe Operating Area in LDMOS Transistors (2019)

The boundaries that determine the LDMOS transient safe operating area are presented. It includes the time-independent electrical SOA (eSOA) and short-pulse transient SOA post device snapback. A compact modeling methodology is introduced for high voltage LDMOS with minimal circuit simulation convergence shortcomings. By adding a failure monitor, the model proposed can be used to determine both the boundaries of eSOA and short-pulse transient SOA.
Relationship between the Fluorescence Lifetime of Chlorophyll 'a' and Primary Productivity within the Mississippi River Plume and Adjacent Shelf Region (2000)

In situ measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity have been widely used to estimate phytoplankton biomass. However, because the fluorescence quantum yield of chlorophyll a in vivo can be highly variable, measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity cannot be directly correlated with phytoplankton biomass and do not provide information on the physiological state of the phytoplankton under study. Conversely, lifetime-based measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence provide a framework in which photosynthetic rates of phytoplankton can be analyzed according to phytoplankton physiology. Along with the measurement of primary production and ambient nutrient concentrations within the Mississippi River plume in the northern Gulf of Mexico, phytoplankton fluorescence lifetimes were measured using a Fluorescence Lifetime Phytoplankton Analyzer (developed under a NASA Small Business Innovative Research contract to Ciencia, Inc.). Variability of fluorescence lifetimes within the plume can be used as a background from which to interpret variations in the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry. The extent to which nutrient and effluent loading in this dynamic coastal area affect the photosynthetic performance of phytoplankton will be presented as a function of phytoplankton fluorescence lifetimes.
Proteomic Patterns of Nipple Aspirate Fluids Obtained by SELDI‐TOF: Potential for New Biomarkers to Aid in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer (2001)

Nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) has been used for many years as a potential non-invasive method to identify markers for breast cancer risk or early detection. Because individual markers have not been optimal, we are exploring the use of surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization time of flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry to identify patterns of proteins that might define a proteomic signature for breast cancer. SELDI-TOF was used to analyze a study set of NAF samples that included 12 women with breast cancer and 15 healthy controls (the latter included three women with an abnormal mammogram but subsequent normal biopsy). In this preliminary report, we present data showing that SELDI analysis of NAF is rapid, reproducible, and capable of identifying protein signatures that appear to differentiate NAF samples from breast cancer patients and healthy controls, including those with an abnormal mammogram who were later proven to be biopsy normal.
Supplementary Tables from Clinical and Biological Subtypes of B-cell Lymphoma Revealed by Microenvironmental Signatures (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables&lt;/p&gt;
BNT162b2-Elicited Neutralization of Delta Plus, Lambda, and Other Variants (2021)

Abstract BNT162b2-elicited human sera are known to neutralize the currently dominant Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant. Here, we report the ability of 20 human sera, drawn 2 or 4 weeks after two doses of BNT162b2, to neutralize USA-WA1/2020 SARS-CoV-2 bearing variant spikes from Delta plus (Delta-AY.1, Delta-AY.2), Delta-Δ144 (Delta with the Y144 deletion of the Alpha variant), Lambda, and B. 1.1.519 lineage viruses. Geometric mean plaque reduction neutralization titers against Delta-AY.1, Delta-AY.2, and Delta-Δ144 viruses are slightly lower than against USA-WA1/2020, but all sera neutralize the variant viruses to titers of ≥80. Neutralization titers against Lambda and B. 1.1.519 variants and against USA-WA1/2020 are equivalent. The susceptibility of Delta plus, Lambda, and other variants to neutralization by the sera indicates that antigenic change has not led to virus escape from vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies and supports ongoing mass immunization with BNT162b2 to control the variants and to minimize the emergence of new variants.
Short-and Intermediate-Range Structural Ordering in Glassy Boron Oxide (1995)

Ordering at short-length scales is a universal feature of the glassy state. Experiments on boron oxide and other materials indicate that ordering on mesoscopic-length scales may also be universal. The high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of oxygen in boron oxide glass presented here provide evidence for structural units responsible for ordering on short- and intermediate-length scales. At the molecular level, planar BO 3/2 units accounted for the local ordering. Oxygen-17 NMR spectra resolved detailed features of the inclusion of these units in boroxol rings, oxygen bridging two rings, and oxygen shared between two nonring BO 3/2 units. On the basis of these and corroborative boron-11 NMR and scattering results, boron oxide glass consists of domains that are rich or poor in boroxol rings; these domains are proposed to be the structural basis of intermediate-range order in glassy boron oxide.
Compaction of fused silica under low-fluence/long-term 193-nm irradiation (1997)

The compaction (densification) of fused silica under low fluence (&lt; 1 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>/pulse), long term (hundreds of millions of pulses) 193 nm irradiation has been studied. With the use of a finite element analysis, the unconstrained densification, (delta) (rho) /(rho) , is extracted from the experimentally determined wavefront distortion. We find that the densification of silica in the low fluence exposure regime corresponds to what is predicted from the behavior described by: (delta) (rho) /(rho) equals 0.000117 (NI<SUP>2</SUP>)<SUP>0.53</SUP> where N equals number of pulses, I equals intensity (mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>/pulse). Results are presented of high and low intensity studies that establish the utility of the above form as a predictive tool for densification in fused silica.
Heterogeneous camera array for multispectral light field imaging (2017)

Multispectral light field acquisition is challenging due to the increased dimensionality of the problem. In this paper, inspired by anaglyph theory (i.e. the ability of human eyes to synthesize colored stereo perception from color-complementary (such as red and cyan) views), we propose to capture the multispectral light field using multiple cameras with different wide band filters. A convolutional neural network is used to extract the joint information of different spectral channels and to pair the cross-channel images. In our experiment, results on both synthetic data and real data captured by our prototype system validate the effectiveness and accuracy of proposed method.
The Halogen Bond: An Emerging Supramolecular Tool in the Design of Functional Mesomorphic Materials (2018)

Owing to their dynamic attributes, non-covalent supramolecular interactions have enabled a new paradigm in the design and fabrication of multifunctional material systems with programmable properties, performances, and reconfigurable traits. Recently, the "halogen bond" has become an enticing supramolecular synthetic tool that displays a plethora of promising and advantageous characteristics. Consequently, this versatile and dynamic non-covalent interaction has been extensively harnessed in various fields such as crystal engineering, self-assembly, materials science, polymer chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology. In recent years, halogen bonding has emerged as a tunable supramolecular synthetic tool in the design of functional liquid-crystalline materials with adjustable phases and properties. In this Concept article, the use of halogen bond in the field of stimuli-responsive smart soft materials, that is, liquid crystals is discussed. The design, synthesis and characterization of molecular and macromolecular liquid crystalline materials are described and the modulation of their properties has been emphasized. The power of halogen bonding in offering a large variety of functional liquid crystalline materials from readily accessible mesomorphic and non-mesomorphic complementary building blocks is highlighted. The article concludes with a perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this emerging endeavor towards the realization of enabling and elegant dynamic functional materials.
Uncertainty in rainfall-runoff modelling: an application of GLUE approach to the Rome's urban area. (2012)

Most problems in hydrological forecasting require the identification of appropriate model structures or parameter&#13;\nvalues. This is usually accomplished by model calibration techniques, which aim at comparing observed and&#13;\npredicted responses and attempting to improve some measure of model performance. There is a very extensive&#13;\nliterature on methods of model calibration. In this work we focus on a widely applied approach which rejects the&#13;\nconcept of an optimal model in favour of the equifinality concept of allowing for multiple acceptable models, i.e.&#13;\nmultiple models may provide acceptable simulations of the response of the system of interest. This is the basis of&#13;\nthe Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) approach, which is used here as a tool for estimating&#13;\nthe predictive uncertainty of a rainfall–runoff model. The GLUE methodology investigates the possible equifinality&#13;\nof different parameter sets and assesses the likelihood of a parameter set to being an acceptable simulator when&#13;\nmodel predictions are compared to observational data. Our work is intended to analyse the influence of different&#13;\nlikelihood measures and acceptability thresholds on the uncertainty analysis in the rainfall–runoff modelling of a&#13;\ncase study catchment in the suburb of Rome, Italy.
Primary Investigation of Ilmenite Dosage Effect on the Water-Based Drilling Fluid Properties (2022)

Abstract A high-density mud is required for deep drilling operations to keep formation pressure under control and avoid the kick. The high-density mud showed several challenges including sagging issues, undesirable rheology parameters, and higher possibility of inducing formation damage. Ilmenite is a weighting material that is used to increase the density of the drilling fluid. The effect of ilmenite dosage on the density of drilling fluid, rheological parameters, filtration, and filter cake qualities was explored in this study. Three different models were used to match the rheological properties including the Bingham model, the power-law model, and the Herschel–Bulkley model. The results showed that the prepared drilling mud density was correlated exactly with the amount of ilmenite added to the formulation. Similarly, the viscosity parameters were increased as ilmenite dosage increased. Even so, the results show that the rheological behavior seems to exhibit perfect matching using the three models, Herschel–Bulkley model was showing the highest accuracy compared to the other investigated models. Notably, the filtration behavior was dominated greatly by ilmenite dosage. The filtration volume and filter cake increased drastically as the ilmenite concentration increased. Correspondingly, the filter cake permeability was increased as the ilmenite concentration increased. Meanwhile, the dense packing of ilmenite particles at high concentrations produced lower filter cake porosity. Correlations were found with excellent accuracy between the ilmenite dosage and the filtration volume and filter cake properties.
Improved Synthesis and Cytostatic Activity of 1-Deazaadenosine (1987)

Abstract A more convenient synthetic route to 1-deazaadeno-sine starting from 7-nitroimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine 4-oxide is reported. 1-Deazaadenosine showed a good cytostatic activity in vitro.
Clinical Perspectives on Mitral Valve Prolapse (1981)

The devastation caused by the current epidemic of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was emphasized recently when an irate psychiatrist asked why cardiologists were "terrorizing the populace." He had spent a tedious afternoon with two patients with MVP who were reacting poorly to the news that they might drop dead. The psychiatrist's problems were forgotten until a recent article resurrected the fact that 17% of the US population (37.7 million people) may have MVP and are also, presumably, at risk for sudden death.1 A swirl of thoughts around the costs of echocardiograms, fees for cardiac consultation, investments in echocardiography companies, and the need to train more psychiatrists fluttered by in a panorama of "Big Bucks" regional MVP centers and an act of Congress to establish a National Institute of Prolapse.
Cross-layer optimization of the reservation channel in a pseudocellular network: mobile-centric fast handoffs via multiuser detection (2004)

In this paper, we have shown in recent work that joint optimization of the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers enables rapid, contention-based reservations in pseudocellular wireless networks. The use of a suitable adaptive multiuser detection scheme at the access point enables multiple reservations in a reservation slot, while eliminating the need for coordination between the mobiles and the access point. In this paper, we build upon this PHY/MAC scheme to provide methods for supporting different priority classes, allowing faster reservations for real-time and high-mobility applications. The feasible operating regions are determined in terms of system parameters such as the processing gain of the direct sequence signaling employed, the arrival rates for various priority classes, the number of reservation slots per frame, and the reservation deadlines for the priority classes.
Characterization of photochemical-cured acrylates with calorimetric methods (1994)

Radical polymerization kinetics of different kinds of diacrylates was investigated in linear polymers (binders) by using an isoperibolic calorimeter. For all experiments benzoin compounds were added as photoinitiator. The ester between acrylic acid and bisphenol-A-diglycidylether (DDGDA) and hexamethylenediacrylate were used as monomers. Both compounds have a high limiting conversion and a large polymerization rate in the binders investigated. Additionally, three kinds of termination reaction were observed: first order, second order, and primary radical termination. The last reaction was mainly found in the case of using the hexamethylenediacrylate monomer. The materials were investigated by DSC to determine the phase behavior. Both monomers form one phase with the binder (polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA). In contrast, a phase separation was observed between the crosslinked hexamethylenediacrylate and PMMA. Formations of semi- interpenetrating networks were found in the case of crosslinked DDGDA and PMMA. The glass transition temperatures were determined at different polymerization degrees also. The obtained results indicate that most of the network formation occurred in the glassy state. Fluorescence probe technique was applied to study changes in the mobility during network formation. The fluorescence probe crystal violet (CV) was used because this compound shows a strong free volume-dependent fluorescence. It was found that in the glassy state, where most of networks were formed, a large variation of the molecular mobility was observed during irradiation of the photopolymers. This result was in agreement with the observations during DSC experiments.
ACTION-IO as a platform to understand differences in perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of people with obesity and physicians across countries – the Israeli experience (2020)

Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03584191 . Data first posted on ClinicalTrials.gov : 12 July 2018 - 'Retrospectively registered'.
Secondary anchor polymorphism in the HA-1 minor histocompatibility antigen critically affects MHC stability and TCR recognition (2009)

T cell recognition of minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) underlies allogeneic immune responses that mediate graft-versus-host disease and the graft-versus-leukemia effect following stem cell transplantation. Many mHags derive from single amino acid polymorphisms in MHC-restricted epitopes, but our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing mHag immunogenicity and recognition is incomplete. Here we examined antigenic presentation and T-cell recognition of HA-1, a prototypic autosomal mHag derived from single nucleotide dimorphism (HA-1(H) versus HA-1(R)) in the HMHA1 gene. The HA-1(H) peptide is restricted by HLA-A2 and is immunogenic in HA-1(R/R) into HA-1(H) transplants, while HA-1(R) has been suggested to be a "null allele" in terms of T cell reactivity. We found that proteasomal cleavage and TAP transport of the 2 peptides is similar and that both variants can bind to MHC. However, the His>Arg change substantially decreases the stability and affinity of HLA-A2 association, consistent with the reduced immunogenicity of the HA-1(R) variant. To understand these findings, we determined the structure of an HLA-A2-HA-1(H) complex to 1.3A resolution. Whereas His-3 is accommodated comfortably in the D pocket, incorporation of the lengthy Arg-3 is predicted to require local conformational changes. Moreover, a soluble TCR generated from HA-1(H)-specific T-cells bound HA-1(H) peptide with moderate affinity but failed to bind HA-1(R), indicating complete discrimination of HA-1 variants at the level of TCR/MHC interaction. Our results define the molecular mechanisms governing immunogenicity of HA-1, and highlight how single amino acid polymorphisms in mHags can critically affect both MHC association and TCR recognition.
Predictive factors associated with severity of carpal tunnel syndrome in multiethnic Asian patients (2017)

Objective: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the commonest entrapment neuropathy referred for electro diagnostic evaluation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the risk factors associated with CTS and their relationship with the severity in nerve conduction abnormality.
Methodology: This study was based on the retrospective data analysis of patients who were electro-physiologically diagnosed as CTS in a tertiary neurophysiology service. Patients were divided into 2 groups; non-severe and severe CTS. Factors, which include age, gender, ethnicity, laterality of CTS, symptoms and diabetes mellitus were analyzed separately and compared with severity of CTS based on NCS.
Results: We analyzed 144 patients with age ranging from 18 to 76 years. Patients with bilateral CTS were 4 times more likely at risk to developed severe CTS while diabetes mellitus patients are 2.5 times more likely. There was no significant association found between age, gender, ethnicity and symptomatic patients with the CTS severity.
Conclusion: This study shows that patients with bilateral CTS and diabetes mellitus are at higher risk in developing severe CTS. Therefore, early screening with NCS is recommended in these groups of patients.