gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Twofold Clock and Voltage-Based Detection Method for Laser Logic State Imaging Attack (2022)

Powerful side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks based on failure analysis (FA) techniques can bypass conventional countermeasures on integrated circuits (ICs) and, therefore, break the entire system’s security. Laser logic state imaging (LLSI) from the IC backside is an example of such attacks, making the contactless probing of static on-die signals possible. Several countermeasures have been proposed to prevent optical probing attacks, such as LLSI. However, these schemes are designed according to the laser properties and its impact on transistors, and hence, they have complex fabrication steps and large area overhead. As a result, they are difficult to verify and implement. In this article, we propose a twofold detection self-timed sensor, which is the first attempt, to our knowledge, for an easy-to-implement circuit-based countermeasure to thwart LLSI attacks. To perform LLSI, the attacker needs to freeze the clock at a point of interest and modulate the voltage supply line at a known frequency to leak the state of transistors through laser light reflections. With these two attack requirements in mind, we design, simulate, and implement clock- and voltage-based sensors that can detect LLSI attacks with very high confidence.
Energy-Efficient MISO Systems Using Adaptive Modulation and Coding (2006)

By viewing the coherent wireless sensor network (WSN) setup as a distributed space-time multi-input single-output (MISO) system, we minimize average transmit-power when sensors communicate with a fusion center (FC) using adaptive modulation and coding over a wireless fading channel. To this end, we derive optimal distributed beamforming and resource allocation strategies when the full (F-) channel state information at the transmitters (CSIT) is available, or, each sensor has F-CSIT of its own link with the FC but only quantized CSIT of other sensors through finite-rate feedback. Numerical results are presented to evaluate the power savings of the novel strategies.
Dynamic Metasurface Antennas for MIMO-OFDM Receivers With Bit-Limited ADCs (2020)

The combination of orthogonal frequency modulation (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques plays an important role in modern communication systems. In order to meet the growing throughput demands, future MIMO-OFDM receivers are expected to utilize a massive number of antennas, operate in dynamic environments, and explore high frequency bands, while satisfying strict constraints in terms of cost, power, and size. An emerging technology to realize massive MIMO receivers of reduced cost and power consumption is based on dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs), which inherently implement controllable compression in acquisition. In this work we study the application of DMAs for MIMO-OFDM receivers operating with bit-constrained analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). We present a model for DMAs which accounts for the configurable frequency selective profile of its metamaterial elements, resulting in a spectrally flexible hybrid structure. We then exploit previous results in task-based quantization to show characterized the achievable OFDM recovery accuracy for a given DMA configuration in the presence of bit-constrained ADCs, and propose methods for adjusting the DMA parameters based on channel state information. Our numerical results demonstrate that by properly exploiting the spectral diversity of DMAs, notable performance gains are obtained over existing designs of conventional hybrid architectures, demonstrating the potential of DMAs for realizing high performance massive antenna arrays of reduced cost and power consumption.
Hypervolume-based Multi-objective Bayesian Optimization with Student-t Processes (2016)

Student-$t$ processes have recently been proposed as an appealing alternative non-parameteric function prior. They feature enhanced flexibility and predictive variance. In this work the use of Student-$t$ processes are explored for multi-objective Bayesian optimization. In particular, an analytical expression for the hypervolume-based probability of improvement is developed for independent Student-$t$ process priors of the objectives. Its effectiveness is shown on a multi-objective optimization problem which is known to be difficult with traditional Gaussian processes.
Oxidation Kinetics of a Continuous Carbon Phase in a Nonreactive Matrix (1995)

Analytical solutions of and experimental results on the oxidation kinetics of carbon in a pore are presented. Reaction rate, reaction sequence, oxidant partial pressure, total system pressure, pore/crack dimensions, and temperature are analyzed with respect to the influence of each on an overall linear‐parabolic rate relationship. Direct measurement of carbon recession is performed using two microcomposite model systems oxidized in the temperature range of 700° to 1200°C, and for times to 35 h. Experimental results are evaluated using the derived analytical solutions. Implications on the oxidation resistance of continuous‐fiber‐reinforced ceramic‐matrix composites containing a carbon constituent are discussed.
Vibration Analysis of New Shape Length Extensional Mode Quartz Crystal Resonator with Barbel 1-Type Vibration Bar (1991)

quartz crystal resonator with barbell-type vibration bar is proposed. Furthermore, an analysis and an examination mode quartz crystal resonator with barbell-type vibration are performed on resonant frequency, frequency temperature bar, which makes it possible to provide lower frequency. behavior and electrical characteristics when lateral The object of this paper is to clarify theoretically and mations for the resonator are taken into account. In experimentally frequency characteristics, frequency tem- analysis procedure, first, equation of mot ion and boundary perature behavior and electrical characteristics of the conditions for a new shape length extensional mode quartz above-ment ioned resonator. crystal resonator consisting of the barbell-type vibration First, a frequency equation is derived by applying bar and the supporting portions are derived from an energy variational principle whereby a vibration analysis for the method. From the relations, a frequency equation is calcuresonator is performed taking into account lateral motions lated. Next, an analysis is performed on frequency charac and including a vibrational portion and two supporting teristics, frequency temperature behavior and electrical port ions. characteristics and the results are then compared with the
SAR Investigation of Array Antennas for Mobile Handsets (2007)

The peak SAR values of two-element array antennas for mobile handsets in the vicinity of a spherical phantom of a human head are evaluated numerically as a function of the distance between the array antenna and the head phantom when the two elements of a two-element array antenna are either co-phase voltage-fed or reverse-phase voltage-fed. It is found that relation between the worst case of the SAR and the phase difference of array elements strongly depends on the distance. When part of the head phantom is located in the reactive near-field region of the array antenna, although the co-phase feed SAR value is slightly smaller than the reverse-phase feed SAR value, the SAR value is practically independent of the phase difference, but when the head is completely outside the reactive near-field region, the co-phase feed SAR value is larger than the reverse-phase feed SAR value.
Stromal Cell Types: Characterization and Function In Situ and In Vitro (1999)

"Stromal Cell Types: Characterization and Function In Situ and In Vitro." Hematology, 4(3), pp. 239–240
In Situ Measurement of the Elastic Moduli of Glass‐Ceramic Thick Films (1992)

A line‐focus acoustic microscope and a depth‐sensing nanoindenter have been used to directly measure the elastic moduli of glass‐ceramic thick films on copper and copper/invar/copper substrates. Both techniques proved successful in determining Young's modulus of the films. Measured moduli of the films were close to those of bulk glass‐ceramic values for both techniques. The nanoindenter produced slightly higher values than the acoustic microscope.
Evidence for genetic correlation between human cerebral white matter microstructure and inflammation (2019)

White matter microstructure is affected by immune system activity via the actions of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Although white matter microstructure and inflammatory measures are significantly heritable, it is unclear if overlapping genetic factors influence these traits in humans. We conducted genetic correlation analyses of these traits using randomly ascertained extended pedigrees from the Genetics of Brain Structure and Function Study (N = 1862, 59% females, ages 18-97 years; 42 ± 15.7). White matter microstructure was assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) calculated from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Circulating levels (pg/mL) of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα) phenotypically associated with white matter microstructure were quantified from blood serum. All traits were significantly heritable (h<sup>2</sup> ranging from 0.41 to 0.66 for DTI measures and from 0.18 to 0.30 for inflammatory markers). Phenotypically, higher levels of circulating inflammatory markers were associated with lower FA values across the brain (r = -.03 to r = -.17). There were significant negative genetic correlations between most DTI measures and IL-8 and TNFα, although effects for TNFα were no longer significant when covarying for body mass index. Genetic correlations between DTI measures and IL-6 were not significant. Understanding the genetic correlation between specific inflammatory markers and DTI measures may help researchers focus questions related to inflammatory processes and brain structure.
Efficient selective breeding of live oil-rich Euglena gracilis with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (2016)

Euglena gracilis, a microalgal species of unicellular flagellate protists, has attracted much attention in both the industrial and academic sectors due to recent advances in the mass cultivation of E. gracilis that have enabled the cost-effective production of nutritional food and cosmetic commodities. In addition, it is known to produce paramylon (β-1,3-glucan in a crystalline form) as reserve polysaccharide and convert it to wax ester in hypoxic and anaerobic conditions-a promising feedstock for biodiesel and aviation biofuel. However, there remain a number of technical challenges to be solved before it can be deployed in the competitive fuel market. Here we present a method for efficient selective breeding of live oil-rich E. gracilis with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Specifically, the selective breeding method is a repetitive procedure for one-week heterotrophic cultivation, staining intracellular lipids with BODIPY(505/515), and FACS-based isolation of top 0.5% lipid-rich E. gracilis cells with high viability, after inducing mutation with Fe-ion irradiation to the wild type (WT). Consequently, we acquire a live, stable, lipid-rich E. gracilis mutant strain, named B1ZFeL, with 40% more lipid content on average than the WT. Our method paves the way for rapid, cost-effective, energy-efficient production of biofuel.
KIF14 Promotes AKT Phosphorylation and Contributes to Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative (2014)

Despite evidence that kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) can serve as a prognostic biomarker in various solid tumors, how it contributes to tumorigenesis remains unclear. We observed that experimental decrease in KIF14 expression increases docetaxel chemosensitivity in estrogen receptor–negative/progesterone receptor–negative/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, “triple-negative” breast cancers (TNBC). To investigate the oncogenic role of KIF14, we used noncancerous human mammary epithelial cells and ectopically expressed KIF14 and found increased proliferative capacity, increased anchorage-independent grown in vitro, and increased resistance to docetaxel but not to doxorubicin, carboplatin, or gemcitabine. Seventeen benign breast biopsies of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers showed increased KIF14 mRNA expression by fluorescence in situ hybridization compared to controls with no known mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2, suggesting increased KIF14 expression as a biomarker of high-risk breast tissue. Evaluation of 34 cases of locally advanced TNBC showed that KIF14 expression significantly correlates with chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer. KIF14
Electron Transfer in a Hg‐SAM//SAM‐Hg Junction Mediated by Redox Centers (2004)

Current affairs: The electron-transport properties of a metal–molecule–metal junction based on two contacting redox-active self-assembled monolayers of [Ru(NH3)5(NC5H4-4-CH2NHCO(CH2)10SH](PF6)2 (see picture) is described. The junction becomes conductive when the electrode potentials are adjusted to the formal potential of the redox centers and shows diode- and transistor-like characteristics analogous to those of solid-state devices. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z53945_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A graph-matching approach to dynamic media allocation in intelligent multimedia interfaces (2005)

To aid users in exploring large and complex data sets, we are building an intelligent multimedia conversation system. Given a user request, our system dynamically creates a multimedia response that is tailored to the interaction context. In this paper, we focus on the problem of media allocation, a process that assigns one or more media, such as graphics or speech, to best convey the intended response content. Specifically, we develop a graph-matching approach to media allocation, whose goal is to find a set of data-media mappings that maximizes the satisfaction of various allocation constraints (e.g., data-media compatibility and presentation consistency constraints). Compared to existing rule-based or plan-based approaches to media allocation, our work offers three unique contributions. First, we provide an extensible computational framework that optimizes media assignments by dynamically balancing all relevant constraints. Second, we use feature-based metrics to uniformly model various allocation constraints, including those cross-content and cross-media constraints, which often require special treatment in existing approaches. Third, we further improve the quality of a response by automatically detecting and repairing undesired allocation results. We have applied our approach to two different applications and our preliminary study has shown the promise of our work.
Reprogramming of the FOXA1 cistrome in treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer (2020)

Abstract Lineage plasticity, the ability of a cell to alter its identity, is an increasingly common mechanism of adaptive resistance to targeted therapy in cancer 1,2 . An archetypal example is the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) after treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) with inhibitors of androgen signaling. NEPC is an aggressive variant of prostate cancer that aberrantly expresses genes characteristic of neuroendocrine (NE) tissues and no longer depends on androgens. To investigate the epigenomic basis of this resistance mechanism, we profiled histone modifications in NEPC and PRAD patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) using chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq). We identified a vast network of cis -regulatory elements (N~15,000) that are recurrently activated in NEPC. The FOXA1 transcription factor (TF), which pioneers androgen receptor (AR) chromatin binding in the prostate epithelium 3,4 , is reprogrammed to NE-specific regulatory elements in NEPC. Despite loss of dependence upon AR, NEPC maintains FOXA1 expression and requires FOXA1 for proliferation and expression of NE lineage-defining genes. Ectopic expression of the NE lineage TFs ASCL1 and NKX2-1 in PRAD cells reprograms FOXA1 to bind to NE regulatory elements and induces enhancer activity as evidenced by histone modifications at these sites. Our data establish the importance of FOXA1 in NEPC and provide a principled approach to identifying novel cancer dependencies through epigenomic profiling.
Body sensor networks to evaluate standing balance (2008)

In this paper, we present a system that integrates inertial sensors and electromyogram (EMG) signals, which measures the muscular activities while performing motions. The objective of our study is to investigate the behaviour of the EMG signals to interpret the activity of standing balance. Quantitative parameters for balance are obtained from an inertial sensor through a body-sensor network. These parameters are further used to find the prominent features in the EMG signal. The inertial sensor used in this system is an accelerometer. The implementation details and effectiveness of using EMG signals are also provided.
Design of a Passive, Variable Stiffness Exoskeleton for Triceps Deficiency Mitigation (2020)

Individuals with neurological impairment, particularly those with cervical level spinal cord injuries (SCI), often have difficulty with daily tasks due to triceps weakness or total loss of function. More demanding tasks, such as sit-skiing, may be rendered impossible due to their extreme strength demands. Design of exoskeletons that address this issue by providing supplemental strength in arm extension is an active field of research but commercial devices are not yet available for use. Most current designs employ electric motors that necessitate the addition of bulky power sources and extraneous wiring, rendering the devices impractical in daily life. The possibility of powering an upper extremity exoskeleton passively has been explored, but to date, none have delivered sufficient function or strength to provide useful assistance for sit-skiing. We seek to rectify this with the design of a passively actuated exoskeletal arm brace capable of operating in two, adjustable-strength modes: one for low level gravity compensation to aid in active range of motion, and the other for more stringent weight bearing activities. The mechanism developed through this paper allows for an affordable, lightweight, modular device that can be adjusted and customized for the needs of each individual patient.
Influenza Virus and Poly(I:C) Inhibit MHC Class I-Restricted Presentation of Cell-Associated Antigens Derived from Infected Dead Cells Captured by Human Dendritic Cells (2009)

During viral infection, dendritic cells (DCs) capture infected cells and present viral Ags to CD8(+) T cells. However, activated DCs might potentially present cell-associated Ags derived from captured dead cells. In this study, we find that human DCs that captured dead cells containing the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) produced cytokines and underwent maturation, but failed to elicit autologous CD8(+) T cell responses against Ags of dead cells. Accordingly, DCs that captured dead cells containing poly(I:C), or influenza virus, are unable to activate CD8(+) T cell clones specific to cell-associated Ags of captured dead cells. CD4(+) T cells are expanded with DCs that have captured poly(I:C)-containing dead cells, indicating the inhibition is specific for MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation. Furthermore, these DCs can expand naive allogeneic CD8(+) T cells. Finally, soluble or targeted Ag is presented when coloaded onto DCs that have captured poly(I:C)-containing dead cells, indicating the inhibition is specific for dead cell cargo that is accompanied by viral or poly(I:C) stimulus. Thus, DCs have a mechanism that prevents MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation of cell-associated Ag when they have captured dead infected cells.
In‐vitro metabolism studies with BLX‐1026, a novel Orexin‐2 agonist with anti‐obesity activity (2008)

BLX‐1026 is a water soluble, amino‐acid conjugated small molecule with in vitro Orexin‐2 receptor agonist activity. Orexin receptors have been implicated in non‐exercise activity thermogenesis. Increased levels of Orexin‐2 receptors have been observed in obesity‐resistant rats and decreased Orexin‐A levels observed in obese humans. Phase I metabolism studies have been conducted with BLX‐1026 in rat, mice, dog, monkey and human liver microsomes and human liver S9 fractions. It is found to be stable in all five species liver microsomes but shows a 61% degradation in the human S9 fractions when incubated for 1 hour. When orally administered to dogs and rats, it is found to have one major metabolite. Upon oral administration to rats and analysis of bile, it converts into the same major metabolite and three minor metabolites of which one is observed to be a glucuronide conjugate indicating Phase II metabolism. Further in vitro studies are underway with BLX‐1026 to further characterize its metabolic pathway.
DFF-DEN: Deep Feature Flow with Detail Enhancement Network for Hand Segmentation in Depth Video (2018)

Recently, researches are emerging to extend CNN-based segmentation approaches from still image to video. Directly applying per-frame based image segmentation networks on video is not efficient. To address this issue, a promising direction is to explore the video continuity. A state-of-the-art approach called Deep Feature Flow (DFF) runs the segmentation network only on sparse key frames and propagates feature maps to other frames via cross-frame motion. However, such approach does not work well for hand segmentation in a video as it is not robust to hand posture change. In this paper, we propose to incorporate a light-weight detail enhancement network (DEN) into the DFF framework to achieve robustness against cross-frame motion and hand posture change. Experimental results on a public depth video dataset, FingerPaint, demonstrate that our approach achieves higher segmentation accuracy than the DFF-based approach with similar speedups against the per-frame based video hand segmentation approach.
Target Blood Pressure for Treatment of Isolated Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly (2010)

In this prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study, we aimed to establish whether strict blood pressure control (<140 mm Hg) is superior to moderate blood pressure control (> or =140 mm Hg to <150 mm Hg) in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension. We divided 3260 patients aged 70 to 84 years with isolated systolic hypertension (sitting blood pressure 160 to 199 mm Hg) into 2 groups, according to strict or moderate blood pressure treatment. A composite of cardiovascular events was evaluated for > or =2 years. The strict control (1545 patients) and moderate control (1534 patients) groups were well matched (mean age: 76.1 years; mean blood pressure: 169.5/81.5 mm Hg). Median follow-up was 3.07 years. At 3 years, blood pressure reached 136.6/74.8 mm Hg and 142.0/76.5 mm Hg, respectively. The blood pressure difference between the 2 groups was 5.4/1.7 mm Hg. The overall rate of the primary composite end point was 10.6 per 1000 patient-years in the strict control group and 12.0 per 1000 patient-years in the moderate control group (hazard ratio: 0.89; [95% CI: 0.60 to 1.34]; P=0.38). In summary, blood pressure targets of <140 mm Hg are safely achievable in relatively healthy patients > or = 70 years of age with isolated systolic hypertension, although our trial was underpowered to definitively determine whether strict control was superior to less stringent blood pressure targets.