gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Solubilization of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptors from Rat Lung Membranes (1987)

Receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were characterized in rat lung membranes by binding and covalent cross-linking of [125I]VIP using ethylene glycolbis-(succinimidylsuccinate). Binding studies indicated the presence of two classes of binding sites for VIP in rat lung membranes: 0.28 +/- 0.11 pmol/mg protein high affinity receptors (Kd = 79.2 +/- 26.4 pM) and 3.3 +/- 0.9 pmol/mg protein lower affinity receptors (Kd = 4.8 +/- 2.1 nM). Furthermore, binding of [125I]VIP to rat lung receptors was inhibited by micromolar concentrations of GTP analogs, guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) GTP gamma S), and guanylylimidodiphosphate, suggesting that VIP receptors in rat lung membranes were tightly coupled to the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein (Ns). Scatchard analysis of VIP binding in the presence of GTP gamma S revealed selective inhibition of binding to high affinity sites. A 58K band was specifically labeled when membranes covalently labeled with [125I]VIP were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions. The apparent size of this species was not altered when sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis was carried out in the absence of reducing agent. Unlabeled VIP inhibited the labeling, with an IC50 of about 1 nM. A related peptide, GH-releasing factor-(1-40)OH, exhibited a much lower binding affinity, and two unrelated peptides, insulin and atrial natriuretic factor, did not inhibit labeling of the 58K species, even at micromolar concentrations. Labeling of the 58K species was inhibited in a GTP gamma S-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of this species in the coupling to Ns. These data collectively indicated that the 58K species was a VIP-binding unit of VIP receptors in rat lung membranes. Several nondenaturing detergents were tested for extraction of labeled receptors from the membrane; the best extraction was obtained using 1% n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
Tunable scattering from liquid crystal devices using carbon nanotubes network electrodes (2014)

Liquid crystals are of technological interest as they allow for optical effects which can be electrically controlled. In this paper we present an electro-optical device consisting of nematic liquid crystals addressed by an electrode structure consisting of thin films of polymer wrapped single walled carbon nanotubes (nanohybrids). Thin films of nanohybrids display excellent optical transmission and electrical conduction properties. Due to the randomly organised nanohybrids these composite films produce interesting director profile arrangements within the liquid crystal layers. As a result, enhanced scattering of laser and white light was observed from these liquid crystal cells which bend themselves as electrically controllable optical diffusers and beam shapers.
Flexible storage of images with application to digital cameras (2002)

We present a new solution for storing a variable number of images in a fixed storage space at the highest overall quality. Initially, when only a few images are stored, they are stored losslessly (or near-losslessly). When more images have to be added, the storage space occupied by the previously stored images is adjusted optimally, in the rate-distortion sense, to fit in each new image. Thus, a variable amount of space is allocated to each image, depending on its complexity. The implementation is based on bit-rate scalable image compression methods, which enables the data for each new image to simply overwrite part of the data of previously stored images. Thus, the method operates without any decoding and re-encoding of image data on the storage medium. To illustrate the concept, we present the results of our experiments for a digital image camera application.
Distortion bounds and channel code rates for progressive quantization (2002)

Progressive quantization is studied for transmission over noisy channels. For a finite set of decodable transmission rates, bounds on the minimum mean-squared distortion are derived. An asympotically optimal schedule of channel code rates is derived as a function of the transmission rate.
Reibungsminderung in Wälzkontakten durch Werkstoffund/oder Schmierstoffkonzepte (2017)

Reibungsminderungspotentiale von uberrollbestandigen Dunnschichten auf Standardsubstraten und von beschichteten und unbeschichteten alternativen Stahlen sowie durch Schmierstoffadditive werden in ein Erstbefullungsol bei 120°C und Pressungen bis zu P0mean= 2,5 GPa aufgezeigt.
(Tris{2-[2-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-iodophenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}amine)potassium iodide (2013)

The title adduct, [K(C30H24F12I3NO6)]I, gives an extended tape of cations linked through I⋯I(-) halogen bonds (XBs), two of them being quite short and one quite long. In the structure, the cation is hosted in a cavity formed by the arms of the podand which presents a closed conformation wherein two tetra-fluoro-iodo-benzene rings are near parallel [dihedral angle = 15.8 (4)°; centroid-centroid distance = 3.908 (5) Å] and the third ring is closer to orthogonal [dihedral angles = 66.28 (14) and 75.20 (19)°] to the other two rings. The coordination sphere of the K(+) cation is composed of the six O atoms, the N atom and an F atom in the ortho position of one of the rings.
Assessment of Capacity Loss in Low‐Rate Lithium/Bromine Chloride in Thionyl Chloride Cells by Microcalorimetry and Long‐Term Discharge (1990)

Real‐time discharge is one of the few reliable methods available for determining capacities of low‐rate cells. The utilization of high energy density lithium batteries in low‐rate implantable applications has increased the need for more time‐efficient methods of predicting cell longevity since cells have been shown to last in excess of eight years. The relationship between heat dissipation and self‐discharge of low‐rate lithium/BCX (bromine chloride in thionyl chloride) cells was studied and allows prediction of cell life prior to the availability of real‐time data. The method was verified by real‐time cell discharge data and provided estimates of delivered capacity within 6% of the actual values.
Design, analysis, and characterization of a compact silicon photonic modulator with meandered phase shifters (2022)

We present a C-band Mach-Zehnder modulator with meandered phase shifters and a compact footprint of 432 × 260 <i>μ</i>m<sup>2</sup> on the silicon-on-insulator platform. Electrode, p-n junction, and optical transit time are considered when performing the electro-optic bandwidth (EO BW) simulations. The simulation results prove that the dominant bandwidth limiting factor for this type of modulator is optical transit time. The insertion loss of the modulator without bias is 2.1 dB. The measured half-wave voltage (V <sub><i>π</i></sub> ) and 3-dB EO BW at -0.5 V bias are 6.4 V and 7.7 GHz, respectively. 53 Gbaud PAM-4 transmission over 2 km of standard single-mode fiber is achieved at a bit error rate (BER) below the 6.7% overhead hard-decision forward error correction BER threshold of 3.8×10 <sup>-3</sup>.
Investigation of the Deformation and Recovery Behavior of Nylon-6/Rubber Thermoplastic Vulcanizates on the Molecular Level by Infrared-Strain Recovery Measurements (2002)

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) prepared by dynamic vulcanization are blends in which cross-linked rubber particles are finely dispersed in a thermoplastic matrix. These blend materials, which are in our case based on nylon-6 and EPDM rubber, show excellent strain recovery behavior, even though the matrix consists of a semicrystalline polymer which should deform plastically. To understand the elastic behavior, infrared spectroscopy in combination with tensile stress−strain measurements have been used. With this method it was possible to follow the orientation behavior of the different phases during stretching. It could be shown that for blends with a high content of rubber (≥60 wt %) the degree of orientation of the crystalline and amorphous phase in the nylon matrix is much smaller compared to that of pure nylon during deformation, while the EPDM rubber phase is almost completely stretched. This fact can only be accounted for by a model that assumes a very inhomogeneous phase deformation of the nylon matrix and a good adhesion between the matrix and the dispersed rubber particles. The plastic deformation will be initiated and concentrated in zones where the matrix ligaments are thinnest, whereas the thicker nylon ligaments remain unyielded.
Interactions between Streptococcus suis serotype 2 and different epithelial cell lines (2000)

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen responsible for cases of sudden death, septicaemia, meningitis, endocarditis and pneumonia. It is also recognized as a zoonotic agent in people occupationally exposed to pigs or pig products. Knowledge on virulence factors of S. suis serotype 2 is limited and the pathogenesis of the infection is poorly understood. It has been suggested that the disease due to S. suis serotype 2 begins with colonization of the nasopharyngeal epithelium, followed by either spread within the respiratory tract or invasion of the bloodstream. The mechanisms involved in the access of bacteria from the bloodstream to the central nervous system are unknown. It is possible that epithelial cells of the choroid plexus also play an important role in the pathogenesis of the meningitis. Different interactions (adhesion, invasion and toxic effects) of S. suis serotype 2 with epithelial cell lines [LLC-PK1, PK(15), A549, HeLa and MDCK] were studied and compared to those of a human pathogen which also causes meningitis, group B Streptococcus (GBS). The results showed that S. suis serotype 2, in contrast to GBS, is able to adhere to but not to invade epithelial cells. The adhesin(s) involved seem(s) to be partially masked by the capsule and are a part of the cell wall. The haemolysin produced by S. suis serotype 2 is responsible for a toxic effect observed on epithelial cells. The results described give additional evidence that pathogenesis of the infection differs between S. suis and GBS. In particular, it is possible that suilysin-positive S. suis strains use adherence and cell injury, as opposed to direct cellular invasion, as part of a complicated multistep process which leads to bacteraemia and meningitis in pigs.
Bioengineering International joins the Family of Platinum Open Access Journals (2019)

We are pleased to announce the launch of a new platinum open access journal entitled Bioengineering International. Bioengineering International is a peer-reviewed journal that encourages worldwide academic and scientific researchers to share their original research work, reviews and commentaries. The journal will provide an extensive platform for this interdisciplinary blend of chemistry, biology and materials science, with their synergistic effects on the progress of biomedicine and bioengineering. The purpose of Bioengineering International journal is to provide comprehensive and facile access to the latest contributions of academic and scientific researchers and to facilitate their publication completely free of charge including review papers, original research articles, communications and short notes. AMG Transcend Association (Romania) covers all economic costs of the publishing process. Platinum Open Access policy provides permanent free and open access for worldwide readers, both the scientific community and the general public. The Bioengineering International journal will ensure the high visibility of the published papers, by ensuring their appearance in most important scientific databases, such as Scopus (Elsevier), Science Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics), Scilit (MDPI) and Chemical Abstracts (CAS). Therefore, we encourage all research scientists interested in the field of bioengineering to submit their papers to Bioengineering International.
Complete DNA Sequences of Two Oka Strain Varicella-Zoster Virus Genomes (2008)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a herpesvirus and is the causative agent of chicken pox (varicella) and shingles (herpes zoster). Active immunization against varicella became possible with the development of live attenuated varicella vaccine. The Oka vaccine strain was isolated in Japan from a child who had typical varicella, and it was then attenuated by serial passages in cell culture. Several manufacturers have obtained this attenuated Oka strain and, following additional passages, have developed their own vaccine strains. Notably, the vaccines Varilrix and Varivax are produced by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals and Merck & Co., Inc., respectively. Both vaccines have been well studied in terms of safety and immunogenicity. In this study, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the Varilrix (Oka-V(GSK)) and Varivax (Oka-V(Merck)) vaccine strain genomes. Their genomes are composed of 124,821 and 124,815 bp, respectively. Full genome annotations covering the features of Oka-derived vaccine genomes have been established for the first time. Sequence analysis indicates 36 nucleotide differences between the two vaccine strains throughout the entire genome, among which only 14 are involved in unique amino acid substitutions. These results demonstrate that, although Oka-V(GSK) and Oka-V(Merck) vaccine strains are not identical, they are very similar, which supports the clinical data showing that both vaccines are well tolerated and elicit strong immune responses against varicella.
Developments towards an industrial Johnson noise thermometer (2019)

Abstract In this paper we present new developments in our practical, drift-free Johnson noise thermometer as it moves from a proof-of-principle prototype towards a practical implementation to become a viable primary thermometer for industrial applications. We will discuss bandwidth optimisation to obtain the lowest possible uncertainty of temperature measurements. The concept of weighting the cross-correlation frequency bins to improve the uncertainty will be introduced and it will be shown that this can decrease the measurement uncertainty in our system by 28%. Weighting fundamentally changes the optimum bandwidth calculation such that information from higher parts of the measured spectrum can always contribute to a reduction in total measurement noise. We will present the design approach used to provide extreme immunity to electromagnetic interference, a problem that has severely degraded previous efforts. We describe the results of tests by a third-party test laboratory demonstrating immunity up to field strengths of 10 Vm −1 , as required in standards for equipment operating in heavy industrial environments. We have also looked at interference at frequencies that could directly interfere with our thermometer that are not covered in the standards. The latest test results will be presented showing a five-fold improvement in accuracy on an extrapolation to absolute zero compared with the original proof-of-principle prototype with similar measurement parameters. Developments in techniques for providing traceability of the thermometer’s calibration to electrical rather than temperature national standards will be presented.
Nonlinear wave propagation in an asymmetric converging Y junction (1991)

Nonlinear wave propagation in an asymmetric converging Y junction, which consists of a nonlinear cladding, a linear film, and a linear substrate, is studied. The nonlinear dispersion curves of the successive sections of the Y junction are calculated to be used to illustrate the evolutions of the eigenmodes. The field incident from the nonlinear thinner branch can evolve into the symmetric mode of the stem with a high coupling efficiency. An insertion coupler for a time-multiplexed loop is suggested.
Relaying Strategies for Wireless-Powered MIMO Relay Networks (2016)

This paper investigates relaying schemes in an amplify-and-forward multiple-input multiple-output relay network, where an energy-constrained relay harvests wireless power from the source information flow and can be further aided by an energy flow (EF) in the form of a wireless power transfer at the destination. However, the joint optimization of the relay matrix and the source precoder for the EF-assisted (EFA) and the non-EFA (NEFA) schemes is intractable. The original rate maximization problem is transformed into an equivalent weighted mean square error minimization problem and optimized iteratively, where the global optimum of the nonconvex source precoder subproblem is achieved by semidefinite relaxation and rank reduction. The iterative algorithm finally converges. Then, the simplified EFA and NEFA schemes are proposed based on channel diagonalization, such that the matrices optimizations can be simplified to power optimizations. Closed-form solutions can be achieved. Simulation results reveal that the EFA schemes can outperform the NEFA schemes. In addition, deploying more antennas at the relay increases the dimension of the signal space at the relay. Exploiting the additional dimension, the EF leakage in the information detecting block can be nearly separated from the information signal, such that the EF leakage can be amplified with a small coefficient.
IL-23 cross-regulates IL-12 production in T cell dependent experimental colitis (2006)

IL-12 is a key regulatory cytokine in cell-mediated immunity and induces the differentiation of naïve T cells towards a TH1 phenotype. The pathogenic activity of IL-12 has been demonstrated in various TH1-mediated experimental models of autoimmune diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, a recent clinical trial showed that targeting of the p40 subunit of IL-12 by neutralizing antibodies suppresses gut inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease. However, since the recently discovered IL-23 shares the p40 subunit with IL-12, the role of IL-12 may have been overestimated in studies using neutralizing p40 antibodies. The discovery that IL-23 but not IL-12 is essential in some models of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity led to a model in which IL-12 is required to induce IFN-gamma producing TH1 cells while IL-23 mediates TH1 effector functions.
Energy optimization of LDPC decoder circuits with timing violations (2015)

This paper presents a quasi-synchronous design approach for signal processing circuits, in which timing violations are permitted, but without the need for a hardware compensation mechanism. A quasi-synchronous low-density parity-check decoder processing circuit based on the offset min-sum algorithm is designed, achieving the same performance and occupying the same area as a conventional synchronous circuit, but using up to 28% less energy.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Alcohol and Amino Sugar Synthesis by Benzoylcarbamate Cyclization. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and simulation of a class of spatial reactionless manipulators (2005)

For conventional designs of robots, manipulator motions result in forces and moments on the base. These forces and moments may cause undesirable translation and rotation of the base. The objective of this paper is to systematically analyze the fundamentals of reactionless robots. Based on this analysis, a design of one distinct class of spatial robot is proposed. The design is achieved through appropriate choices of geometric and inertial parameters. Due to the underlying conservation laws, the trajectory must satisfy additional constraints. We illustrate the reactionless feature of this robot through computer simulations. We are also fabricating reactionless robots to illustrate the underlying concepts.
Effect of Preoperative Autologous Blood Donation Coupled With Fluid Resuscitation on Transfusion Requirements Following Orthopedic Surgery (2015)

Background: Preoperative auto-blood donation has been shown to increase the likelihood of developing postoperative anemia following orthopedic surgery. This study was to assess the additive effect of intraoperative plus postoperative fluid resuscitation upon the relationship between preoperative donation and the frequency of postoperative transfusion. Methods: In this retrospective, single institution case-controlled study, hemoglobin levels, fluid administration, and incidence of transfusion were reviewed among 182 patients (91 donated blood preoperatively and 91 did not) undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Results: Thirty-two (35.2%) donors and 18 (19.8%) non-donors received transfusion for adjusted risk of 2.817 (1.301 - 6.100) among donors versus non-donors. Donors are more affected by the hemodilution effects associated with fluid infusion and are transfused earlier and more frequently than non-donors. Conclusion: Preoperative autologous donation and fluid administration increase the risk for receiving postoperative transfusion. J Hematol. 2015;4(2):157-163 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jh208w
Primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma other than marginal zone: clinicopathologic analysis of 161 cases: Comparison with current classification and definition of prognostic markers (2016)

Categorization of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCL) other than marginal zone (MZL) represents a diagnostic challenge with relevant prognostic implications. The 2008 WHO lymphoma classification recognizes only primary cutaneous follicular center cell lymphoma (PCFCCL) and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT), whereas the previous 2005 WHO/EORTC classification also included an intermediate form, namely PCDLBCL, other. We conducted a retrospective, multicentric, consensus-based revision of the clinicopathologic characteristics of 161 cases of PCBCL other than MZL. Upon the histologic features that are listed in the WHO classification, 96 cases were classified as PCFCCL and 25 as PCDLBCL-LT; 40 further cases did not fit in the former subgroups in terms of cytology and/or architecture, thus were classified as PCDLBCL, not otherwise specified (PCDLBCL-NOS). We assigned all the cases a histogenetic profile, based on the immunohistochemical detection of CD10, BCL6, and MUM1, and a "double hit score" upon positivity for BCL2 and MYC. PCDLBCL-NOS had a clinical presentation more similar to PCFCCL, whereas the histology was more consistent with the picture of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, as predominantly composed of centroblasts but with intermixed a reactive infiltrate of small lymphocytes. Its behavior was intermediate between the other two forms, particularly when considering only cases with a "non-germinal B-cell" profile, whereas "germinal center" cases resembled PCFCCL. Our data confirmed the aggressive behavior of PCDLBC-LT, which often coexpressed MYC and BCL2. The impact of single factors on 5-year survival was documented, particularly histogenetic profile in PCDLBCL and BCL2 translocation in PCFCCL. Our study confirms that a further group-PCDLBCL-NOS-exists, which can be recognized through a careful combination of histopathologic criteria coupled with adequate clinical information.