gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS OF A MICRO ARTIFICIAL MUSCLE ACTUATOR USING ELECTRO-CONJUGATE FLUID (2005)

Soft robot inspired from natural systems is one of keywords in the robotic field in last decade. Accordingly, many typesof artificial muscle actuators are developed. On the other hand, using an electro-conjugate fluid (ECF), which generatesa powerful jet flow when subjected to a high voltage, we can construct a tiny pressure source. This paper proposes anovel micro artificial muscle actuator (<1cm3) utilizing the fluid. The essence of this study is to develop the microartificial muscle integrated with micro pressure source, which enables us to construct an autonomous system and/orartificial muscle array. The contraction characteristics and normal force characteristics of the actuator were measured.The maximum contraction rate was around 16% and the force generated was about 0.2N with applied voltage of 6kV.The experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed actuator.
All-Optical Control of an Individual Resonance in a Silicon Microresonator (2012)

We experimentally demonstrate selective control of the Q and transmission of an individual resonance of an optical microcavity by optically controlling its intracavity loss via inverse Raman scattering. A strongly overcoupled resonance is brought into critical coupling with continuous tuning of the on-resonance transmission by >9 dB and reduction of the intrinsic Q factor by more than a factor of five. Adjacent resonances experience minimal disturbance and can be selectively controlled by tuning the control beam to the appropriate control resonance. These dynamics are analogous to Zeno effects observed in decoherence-driven atomic ensembles and two-level systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Revised Structure and Convergent Synthesis of Nemertelline, the Neurotoxic Quaterpyridine Isolated from the Hoplonemertine Sea Worm. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mapping out the diversity of interplay of O-alkylated calix[4]arenes (2010)

O-Alkylated calix[4]arenes with varying chain lengths, corresponding to CnH2n+1 where n = 12, 14 or 16, compounds 1–3 respectively, show that the arrangement of the molecules in the solid state has a profound dependence on n, with n = 12 and n = 16 resulting in an interdigitated bilayer arrangement, and n = 14 resulting in a head-to-head bilayer structure. Preliminary data collected also suggest that n = 12 is the lower limit for efficient packing, below which the packing is dominated by the calix[4]arene moiety.
The Discovery ofNovel Antimalarial Aminoxadiazolesas a Promising Nonendoperoxide Scaffold (2017)

Since the appearance\nof resistance to the current front-line antimalarial\ntreatments, ACTs (artemisinin combination therapies), the discovery\nof novel chemical entities to treat the disease is recognized as a\nmajor global health priority. From the GSK antimalarial set, we identified\nan aminoxadiazole with an antiparasitic profile comparable with artemisinin\n(&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;), with no cross-resistance in a resistant strains\npanel and a potential new mode of action. A medicinal chemistry program\nallowed delivery of compounds such as &lt;b&gt;19&lt;/b&gt; with high solubility\nin aqueous media, an acceptable toxicological profile, and oral efficacy.\nFurther evaluation of the lead compounds showed that in vivo genotoxic\ndegradants might be generated. The compounds generated during this\nmedicinal chemistry program and others from the GSK collection were\nused to build a pharmacophore model which could be used in the virtual\nscreening of compound collections and potentially identify new chemotypes\nthat could deliver the same antiparasitic profile.
Ultrasound Frame-to-Volume Registration via Deep Learning for Interventional Guidance (2022)

Fusing intraoperative 2-D ultrasound (US) frames with preoperative 3-D magnetic resonance (MR) images for guiding interventions has become the clinical gold standard in image-guided prostate cancer biopsy. However, developing an automatic image registration system for this application is challenging because of the modality gap between US/MR and the dimensionality gap between 2-D/3-D data. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel US frame-to-volume registration (FVReg) pipeline to bridge the dimensionality gap between 2-D US frames and 3-D US volume. The developed pipeline is implemented using deep neural networks, which are fully automatic without requiring external tracking devices. The framework consists of three major components, including one) a frame-to-frame registration network (Frame2Frame) that estimates the current frame's 3-D spatial position based on previous video context, two) a frame-to-slice correction network (Frame2Slice) adjusting the estimated frame position using the 3-D US volumetric information, and three) a similarity filtering (SF) mechanism selecting the frame with the highest image similarity with the query frame. We validated our method on a clinical dataset with 618 subjects and tested its potential on real-time 2-D-US to 3-D-MR fusion navigation tasks. The proposed FVReg achieved an average target navigation error of 1.93 mm at 5-14 fps. Our source code is publicly available at https://github.com/DIAL-RPI/Frame-to-Volume-Registration.
Deconvolutlon of Speech (1967)

A generalization of the linear-filtering problem has led to a class of nonlinear filters for the separation of multiplied and convolved signals. In the case of convolved signals, the input is transformed by a system φ having the property that the Fourier transform of its output is the complex logarithm of the Fourier transform of its input. After linear filtering, the signal is transformed by the inverse of φ. The objective of this processing is to separate the convolved signals rather than to carry out a detection. Consequently, phase information must be retained, or regenerated by using the Hilbert transform if the signal to be recovered is minimum phase. This processing has been applied to speech to separate the effects due to the excitation and vocal tract. Examples of spectra obtained in this way are used to illustrate the method. [This work is supported by the Joint Services Electronics Program, the National Science Foundation, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.]
Chirped Grating WDM Demultiplexer (1986)

The design and analysis of a ten channel interated chirped grating WDM demultiplexer is presented. The device is to be fabricated in silicon on sapphire and is designed to operate in the 0.83 micron wavelength region. Details on the fabrication of the individual components (photodetector array, channel waveguide, and chirped grating) and progress toward their integration are given.
A Practical Approach to Drawing Undirected Graphs (1994)

Although there is extensive research on drawing graphs, none of the published methods are satisfactory for drawing general undirected graphs. Generating drawings which are optimal with respect to several aesthetic criteria is known to be NP-hard, so all published approaches to the problem have used heuristics. These heuristics are too slow to be practical for graphs of moderate size, and they do not produce consistently good drawings for general graphs. Moreover, they rely on general optimization methods, because problem-specific methods require a deeper theoretical understanding of the graph drawing problem. This paper presents an algorithm to generate two-dimensional drawings of undirected graphs. The algorithm uses a combination of heuristics to obtain drawings which are near-optimal with respect to an aesthetic cost function. The algorithm is incremental in nature, but preprocesses the graph to determine an order for node placement. The algorithm uses a local optimization strategy that effectively manages the trade-off between speed and output quality. Finally, the algorithm uses a variety of techniques to speed up computation of the aesthetic cost function. The paper discusses this algorithm in the context of previous work and open problems. The algorithm is compared with the force-directed algorithm of Fruchterman and Reingold and the simulated annealing algorithm of Davidson and Harel in terms of output quality. Finally, the paper considers what work is necessary to create a truly effective algorithm for drawing undirected graphs
Synthesis of Novel Carbocyclic Adenosine Analogues as Inhibitors of Adenosine Kinase (1999)

Several new 4‘-amino substituted carbocyclic adenosine analogues (6, 7, 31) were prepared as potential inhibitors of the enzyme adenosine kinase. Three different heterocyclic base moieties (adenine, 8-azaadenine, and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) were incorporated into carbocyclic nucleoside analogues through the use of two different synthetic strategies. In both strategies, bicyclic isoxazolidine 9 (prepared through a hetero Diels−Alder reaction with cyclopentadiene) was used as the starting material. In one route, the N−O bond was reductively cleaved, and the hydroxyl group (after inversion and ring functionalization) was used as a leaving group to incorporate the heterocyclic base moiety as the key bond-forming step. A second, more efficient and higher yielding synthetic route was developed as a general solution to the synthesis of the target 4‘-amino substituted carbocyclic adenosine analogues. In this methodology, the allylic C−O bond in the bicyclic isoxazolidine 9 was cleaved with double stereoinversion under palladium(0) catalysis as the key bond-forming step to stereospecifically incorporate the heterocyclic base moiety into the cyclopentane ring. The regioselectivity of key bond-forming steps was established principally by NMR methods, especially through 13C NMR shifts and by NOE effects seen in the analogues, as well as by HMBC/HMQC experiments.
A study on GPU virtualization in a virtualized server environment (2014)

We propose new approach for GPU virtualization. The approach includes API remoting in the virtualized server environment by loosely coupling components for graphic processing. This is effective to mitigate problems in the existing GPU virtualization technologies.
Microfabricated biosensors and microsystems (1997)

Microfabrication technology has been successful in producing a wide range of miniature sensors and mechanical devices. Of particular interest is the application of this technology to biological systems. For instance an immunobiosensor for a bacterial food toxin with a sensitivity of 1 ng/mL and miniature reaction chambers have been fabricated for DNA analysis sequencing by hybridization. The integration of sensors with other components, particularly fluidic devices, offers the promise of microsystems. A miniature positive displacement micropump with a flow rate of 0.1-10 /spl mu/L/min. has been fabricated, and tested with water as the working fluid. The future looks very promising for the continued development of these devices in a wide range of fields from environmental monitoring, medical sampling and diagnostics, to precision manufacturing systems.
Topological Theory of Disallowed Couplings (2016)

We reveal the topological nature of disallowed couplings. We first show “bound states in the continuum” are fundamentally vortices in the polarization directions carrying topological charges. We then reveal their connections to Chern numbers.
Bactericidal Properties of Human and Murine Groups I, II, V, X, and XII Secreted Phospholipases A2 (2002)

Group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA2) is known to display potent Gram-positive bactericidal activity in vitro and in vivo. We have analyzed the bactericidal activity of the full set of recombinant murine and human groups I, II, V, X, and XII sPLA2s on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The rank order potency among human sPLA2s against Gram-positive bacteria is group IIA > X > V > XII > IIE > IB, IIF (for murine sPLA2s: IIA > IID > V > IIE > IIC, X > IB, IIF), and only human group XII displays detectable bactericidal activity against the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli. These studies show that highly basic sPLA2s display potent bactericidal activity with the exception of the ability of the acidic human group X sPLA2 to kill Gram-positive bacteria. By studying the Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus bactericidal potencies of a large panel of human group IIA mutants in which basic residues were mutated to acidic residues, it was found that: 1) the overall positive charge of the sPLA2 is the dominant factor in dictating bactericidal potency; 2) basic residues on the putative membrane binding surface of the sPLA2 are modestly more important for bactericidal activity than are other basic residues; 3) relative bactericidal potency tracks well with the ability of these mutants to degrade phospholipids in the bacterial membrane; and 4) exposure of the bacterial membrane of Gram-positive bacteria by disruption of the cell wall dramatically reduces the negative effect of charge reversal mutagenesis on bactericidal potency.
Highly stabilized frequency-locked optical frequency comb signal generation using amplified optical fiber loop with SSB-SC modulation (2011)

Frequency-locked optical frequency comb generation was successfully demonstrated with SSB-SC modulation loop technique. We show no significant effect on the frequency comb signal with changes of loop length from 0 mm to 5 mm.
Efficient solar provisioning for net-zero Internet-scale distributed networks (2018)

Internet-scale Distributed Networks (IDNs) are global distributed systems consisting of a network of hundreds of thousands of servers located in hundreds of data centers around the world. A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is an example of an IDN that delivers content globally through a large network of servers. IDNs consume large amounts of energy and their energy requirements are projected to increase significantly in the future. With carbon emissions from data centers increasing every year, energy solutions for data centers powered by renewables are critical for the sustainability of data centers and for the environment. In this paper, we study the benefits of using solar energy to green IDNs. We study the impact of leveraging global data center locations with high solar potential on the number of solar panels needed to power a CDN. We develop optimal algorithms and heuristics to help minimize the number of solar panels provisioned across the CDN, while making it net-zero. We empirically evaluate our algorithms using extensive load traces from Akamai's global CDN and solar data from PVWatts. Overall, with unrestricted load movement, we can reduce the number of solar panels by 36%, 68%, and 82% for net-zero year, month and week respectively. Our results show that our algorithms can significantly reduce the number of solar panels we need to power our CDN, thereby making sustainability of Internet-scale distributed networks more achievable.
A perceptually motivated multiple-F0 estimation method (2006)

This paper describes a method for estimating of the fundamental frequencies (FO) of several concurrent musical sounds. The method consists of a computational model of the human auditory periphery, followed by a novel periodicity analysis mechanism. Estimation of multiple fundamental frequencies is achieved by cancelling each detected sound from the mixture and by repeating the estimation for the residual. Computational load of the method remains reasonable since the peripheral hearing model (i.e., the hardest part) needs to be computed only once. The method is relatively straightforward to implement and outperformed two state-of-the-art reference methods in simulations.
An ECG signal acquisition system integrated in a 0.35 μm CMOS technology (2005)

In this paper we present an integrated ECG acquisition system implemented in a standard 0.35 &mu;m CMOS technology. The system mainly consists of amplifiers, filters and an automatic offset compensation module. Composed of comparator, control logic and D/A converter, the compensator is an analog-digital mixed system and designed through a top-down approach. It is an independent module and can be easily reused. A low-pass filter of low cutoff frequency has been realized by using a Gm-C structure with very low bias current. Experimental measurements on the fabricated chip have been done. The results show that the integrated circuit works well with a low noise, a low consumption and a high efficacy of the offset compensator.
Estimating the location of illuminants in realist master paintings Computer image analysis addresses a debate in art history of the Baroque (2006)

We address the problem of estimating the position illuminants in realist master paintings. To this end, we apply an algorithm from computer vision that has been used to detect forgeries and composites in digital photographs. Our contributions are three-fold: 1) we introduce the application of a two-dimensional, model-free occluding contour algorithm to the problem of locating the source of illumination in realist master paintings, 2) we introduce a maximum-likelihood criterion and computational method for integrating estimates from multiple occluding contours, and 3) we apply our methods to a key painting adduced as evidence in a recent controversial theory about painting praxis in the Renaissance and Baroque
ZIP load modeling for single and aggregate loads and CVR factor estimation (2022)

Abstract ZIP load modeling has been used in various power system applications. The aggregate load modeling is common practice in utility companies. However, little research has been done on the theoretical formulation of the aggregate load and on various factors that affect accurate estimation of the parameters. This paper proposes new methods to systematically formulate the aggregate ZIP load model using the single ZIP load model and comprehensively examines the factors that may affect aggregate ZIP load estimation. Moreover, novel analysis of reactive power ZIP parameter calculation considering different compensating device modeling is presented. ZIP parameter estimation methods including least squares method, optimization method, and neural network method have been used in this paper to estimate ZIP parameters. The proposed new method was illustrated using the IEEE 13-bus and 34-bus systems built in OpenDSS. In addition, the ZIP parameter estimation is also performed using field data, and the conservation through voltage reduction (CVR) factor is further computed based on the estimated ZIP load model. The results provide guidance on calculation and interpretation of CVR estimates. Note that this paper was first presented at PAC world conference 2021 which provides no published conference proceedings.
Agonists for 13 Trace Amine-Associated Receptors Provide Insight into the Molecular Basis of Odor Selectivity (2012)

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are vertebrate olfactory receptors. However, ligand recognition properties of TAARs remain poorly understood, as most are "orphan receptors" without known agonists. Here, we identify the first ligands for many rodent TAARs and classify these receptors into two subfamilies based on the phylogeny and binding preference for primary or tertiary amines. Some mouse and rat orthologs have similar response profiles, although independent Taar7 gene expansions led to highly related receptors with altered ligand specificities. Using chimeric TAAR7 receptors, we identified an odor contact site in transmembrane helix III that functions as a selectivity filter. Homology models based on the β(2) adrenergic receptor structure indicate spatial proximity of this site to the ligand. Gain-of-function mutations at this site created olfactory receptors with radically altered odor recognition properties. These studies provide new TAAR ligands, valuable tools for studying receptor function, and general insights into the molecular pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors.
High Peak and Average Power Near/Mid-IR Femtosecond Laser Sources (2014)

I will present work on hybrid fiber/bulk systems employing non-linear amplifiers to reach near and mid-IR wavelengths to obtain high peak and average powers, with &lt;100 femtosecond pulse durations. These systems have a wide range of uses from biotech imaging techniques, hard X-ray generation, and industrial/medical micromachining. I will illustrate our specific designs for pushing the limits on femtosecond fiber laser technology, mating it with solid state lasers, and extending these systems to meet the needs of cutting edge science.
Analysis of linear digital networks (1975)

A framework is presented for the analysis, representation, and evaluation of digital filter structures. Based on the notation of linear signal-flow graphs and their equivalent matrix representation, a set of general linear digital network properties are reviewed, including precedence relations computability, Tellegen's theorem, interreciprocity, and network transposition. These properties are then utilized in developing time and frequency domain analysis techniques and sensitivity analysis techniques. These techniques, in turn, are applied to the comparison of several basic digital filter structures.
Scleraxis and collagen I expression increase following pilot isometric loading experiments in a rodent model of patellar tendinopathy (2022)

The effect of mechanical load on tendinopathic tissue is usually studied in the context of identifying mechanisms responsible for tendon degradation. However, loading is also one of the most common treatments for tendinopathy. It is therefore possible that different loads result in different cellular responses within a tendon. To test this hypothesis, we first established a rodent model of tendinopathy that has a transcriptional signature similar to human tendinopathy. Tendinopathy was modeled in the rat by producing a lesion in the central core of the patellar tendon using a biopsy punch, followed by two weeks to allow scar formation. We performed 3' Tag RNA-Seq to identify genes that were differentially expressed between the native and scarred rat patellar tendon. Genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and turnover were increased, mitochondrial genes were decreased, and there was no inflammatory signature in the tendinopathic tissue. These transcriptional changes phenocopy previously published whole transcriptome analysis in human tendinopathy. After validating the model, the initial response to injury and loading was determined. Two weeks after creation of the patellar tendon lesion, the tendon was loaded using either 4 × 30s isometric or a time-under-tension matched (360 × 0.33s) dynamic protocol. Injured +/- loading and contralateral control tendons were collected eighteen hours after loading, RNA was extracted, and gene expression was quantified using qRT-PCR of the scar with or without loading. The expression of scleraxis and type I collagen increased following isometric loading relative to those loaded dynamically. By contrast, the expression of type II collagen increased in the dynamic samples relative to those loaded isometrically. These data suggest that dynamic loading of a central core tendon injury increases fibrocartilage markers, whereas long isometric loads stimulate markers of tendon regeneration.