gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Footage in STACK Lateral of Oklahoma Increased by 185% through New Non-Planar PDC Cutter Geometry Development and Implementation (2018)

Abstract The development of improved synthesis techniques for polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC) positively impacted fixed cutter drill bit performance. Coupled with these advances, recent developments in cutter geometry show improved cutter performance in many applications. Laboratory and field testing has demonstrated that modifying the face geometry of the PDC cutter used in a fixed cutter bit is one of the most direct ways to affect the efficiency and longevity of the bit's cutting structure. This paper describes a new non-planar cutter face geometry that has increased footage drilled, rate of penetration (ROP), and improved the bit dull condition in the Meramec formation in western Oklahoma's STACK play. A drilling mechanics focused team created a finite element analysis (FEA) model of the rock cutting process to optimize cutter face geometry for improved cutting efficiency. The new non-planar geometry enabled better cutting efficiency and improved cutter cooling. Multiple lab tests were then used to verify the model's predictions. Results from single cutter lab tests showed an 11% increase in cutting distance as measured in a vertical turret lathe test, a 30% decrease in cutting edge temperature from a pressurized cutting test, and a 10% increase in load capacity compared to a previous non-planar geometry in a face load test. Full-scale pressurized drilling tests in the lab showed that a PDC bit with the new geometry was 15% less aggressive with equivalent-to-lower mechanical specific energy (MSE) when compared to the same PDC bit with a previous generation non-planar cutter. Field tests were conducted with the new non-planar geometry applied to a commercial 0.529 inch [13mm] cutter on a standard 8-1/2 in. drill bit design used in the Meramec Lateral application. The paper reviews in detail three test cases in this multiple bit lateral section using the same bit design with and without the new non-planar cutters. In two test wells, we saw direct improvement of 185% distance drilled on average and an18.3% boost in ROP. At least 17 bit runs have been completed in this application using the new non-planar feature, proving it to be a beneficial enhancement. Similar performance improvement has been observed in other applications as well. The optimized cutter geometry has led to further and faster runs, resulting in significant time savings and improved consistency. The use of advanced cutter geometries provides a significant boost in drilling performance beyond that normally achieved through fixed cutter bit design optimization and materials improvements.
A simple model for the window size evolution of TCP coupled with MAC and PHY layers (2009)

In this paper the interaction between the AIMD algorithm of TCP and the random access channel is investigated. In particular, we examine the effects of the MAC and the physical layer of the backward channel on the window size evolution of TCP. The problem of coupling the window size evolution of TCP with a random access channel is addressed using point processes and the theory of martingales.
Stereocomplexes of Discrete, Isotactic Lactic Acid Oligomers Conjugated with Oligodimethylsiloxanes (2019)

Discrete length block co-oligomers (BCOs) comprised of a crystalline and an amorphous block are a new class of materials that gives highly ordered lamellar morphologies at small length scales. Here, we show the preparation of discrete, isotactic oligo l- and d-lactic acid (<i>o</i>lLA and <i>o</i>dLA) homoblocks followed by ligation to oligodimethylsiloxane (<i>o</i>DMS), affording a library of crystalline-amorphous BCOs that vary in molecular weight and composition. Mixing the two enantiomeric BCOs or homoblocks results in the formation of the corresponding stereocomplex. The properties and phase behavior of the isotactic (block co)oligomers and the stereocomplexes thereof are studied using differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray scattering. A systematic study of the isotactic homoblock lengths and crystal structure confirmed the formation of a 10<sub>3</sub> helix with a monomeric rise of 0.3 nm, whereas the stereocomplex adopts a 3<sub>1</sub> helix. The same type of crystal structure was found for the isotactic and stereocomplex of BCOs giving rise to the formation of lamellar morphologies at room temperature as a result of crystallization of the <i>o</i>LA blocks. Distorted lamellar structures were found in BCOs that preorganize into nonlamellar morphologies prior to crystallization. The stereocomplex BCOs shows more crystal defects and a loss of long-range ordering in the microstructure due to the larger driving force for crystallization. Hence, the balance between chain length, block volume, and the crystallization strength are of major importance for the formation of the final structure with the least defects.
Enhanced excitability and suppression of A-type K+ current of pancreas-specific afferent neurons in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis (2006)

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a relatively common disorder, characterized by glandular insufficiency and chronic, often intractable, pain. The mechanism of pain in CP is poorly understood. We have previously developed a model of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced CP that results in nociceptive sensitization in rats. This study was designed to examine changes in the excitability and alteration of voltage-gated K(+) currents of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons innervating the pancreas. CP was induced in adult rats by an intraductal injection of TNBS. DRG neurons innervating the pancreas were identified by 1,1'-dioleyl-3,3,3',3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine methanesulfonate fluorescence labeling. Perforated patch-clamp recordings were made from acutely dissociated DRG neurons from control and TNBS-treated rats. Pancreas-specific DRG neurons displayed more depolarized resting potentials in TNBS-treated rats than those in controls (P < 0.02). Some neurons from the TNBS-treated group exhibited spontaneous firings. TNBS-induced CP also resulted in a dramatic reduction in rheobase (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in the number of action potentials evoked at twice rheobase (P < 0.05). Under voltage-clamp conditions, neurons from both groups exhibited transient A-type (I(A)) and sustained outward rectifier K(+) currents (I(K)). Compared with controls, the average I(A) but not the average I(K) density was significantly reduced in the TNBS-treated group (P < 0.05). The steady-state inactivation curve for I(A) was displaced by approximately 20 mV to more hyperpolarized levels after the TNBS treatment. These data suggest that TNBS treatment increases the excitability of pancreas-specific DRG neurons by suppressing I(A) density, thus identifying for the first time a specific molecular mechanism underlying chronic visceral pain and sensitization in CP.
Two New Biologically Active Cyclopentenones from Dasyscyphus sp. A47-98 (2004)

Two new biological active cyclopentenones VM 4798-1a (1a) and VM 4798-1b (1b) were obtained as a 3:1 inseparable mixture from fermentations of Dasyscyphus sp. A47-98. The mixture of the two isomers showed cytotoxic and weak antibacterial and antifungal properties. VM 4898-1 (2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 4), produced by another Dasyscyphus sp. showed no significant biological activity. The structures were elucidated by NMR techniques.
Ambient Networks CO-Operative Mobile Networking for the Wireless World (2021)

Ambient Networks defines a new kind of network architecture, which embeds support for co operation and competition between diverse network types within a common control layer. This unified networking concept can adapt to the heterogeneous environments of different radio technologies and service and network environments. Special focus is placed on facilitating both competition and co-operation of various market players, by defining interfaces which allow the instant negotiation of cooperation agreements. The Ambient Networking concept has been developed in the framework of the Ambient Networks project, which is co-sponsored by the European Union under the Information Society Technology (IST) priority of the 6th Framework Programme. The Ambient Networks project mobilised the work of researchers from over forty different organisations, both major industrial corporations and leading academic institutions, from Europe and worldwide. This book offers a complete and detailed overview of the Ambient Networking concept and its core technologies. The authors explain the problems with current mobile IP networks and the need for a new mobility-aware IP-based control architecture, before presenting the Ambient Networking concept itself and the business opportunities that it offers. The architecture, components, features and challenges of Ambient Networking are covered in depth, with comprehensive discussions of multi-radio access, generic Ambient Network signalling, mobility support, context and network management and built-in media delivery overlay control. Ambient Networks: Co-operative Mobile Networking for the Wireless World Explains the need for Ambient Networking, discussing the limitations of todays proposed architectures, and explaining the business potential of edge networks and network co-operation. Describes Ambient Networking technology in detail, and addresses the technical challenges for implementation. Includes practical user scenarios which are fully analysed and assessed through simulation studies. Including a complete examination of the research and technologies arising from the Ambient Networks concept, Ambient Networks will be invaluable for research and development teams in networking and communications technology, as well as advanced students in electrical engineering and computer science faculties. Standardisation specialists, research departments, and telecommunications analysts will also find this a helpful resource.
Oil-Infused Silicone Prevents Zebra Mussel Adhesion (2019)

The remarkable underwater adhesion capacity of the invasive freshwater mussel species <i>Dreissena polymorpha</i> (zebra mussel) causes extensive damage each year. The adhesive interface between the substrate surface and the mussels' adhesive plaques plays a key role in zebra mussel biofouling. Silicone-oil-infused polydimethylsiloxane (iPDMS), an omniphobic material in the class of liquid-infused slippery surfaces, has been shown to develop a uniform, microscale, antifouling surface oil layer, which we hypothesized would be effective against zebra mussel fouling. iPDMS substrates with varying levels of oil saturation were tested for their ability to disrupt mussel adhesion by characterizing zebra mussel reattachment in a simulated freshwater environment for 3 days. On fully saturated iPDMS samples or those near full saturation, zebra mussels showed no reattachment, compared to 41% reattachment on PDMS controls (no oil infusion). For lower saturation levels, the frequency of reattachment was decreased relative to PDMS controls. Mussel detachment forces decreased in iPDMS as compared to PDMS, and adhesive failures occurred more frequently with higher iPDMS saturations. Surface analysis of the subsaturated iPDMS substrates showed incomplete coverage of the surface oil layer. After 3 days of immersion in artificial freshwater, subsaturated iPDMS substrates showed a decrease in slipperiness (measured by water slide angle), whereas in fully saturated iPDMS, the slipperiness was unchanged, despite no observed oil loss in either group. The decrease in slipperiness is attributed to microfouling of the subsaturated substrates, consistent with incomplete surface oil layer coverage, and supports the notion that full oil layer coverage is required for effective antifouling properties. Employing iPDMS as an antifouling coating shows promise against freshwater mussel adhesion, and this work further aids in understanding the antifouling mechanism of iPDMS and the role of the plaque-substrate interface in freshwater mussel adhesion.
A neural network controlled optimal pulse-width modulated STATCOM (1999)

The paper describes a technique to control the harmonic output of a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) using a pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme with a minimal number of additional switchings. A neural network algorithm is developed to define the switching instants. This technique offers an alternative to the multi-pulse techniques that require complex magnetic circuit arrangements as well as to the conventional PWM technology that requires a large number of switchings.
Cyclic fertilin-derived peptide stimulates in vitro human embryo development (2021)

Cyclic fertilin peptide dramatically improves human embryo development potential. It could be used to supplement culture medium and improve the in vitro human embryo development. Starting supplementation immediately after fertilization, instead of day 2, could significantly upgrade assisted reproductive technology outcome.
84‐1: Invited Paper: Advances in High Efficacy and Flexible OLED Lighting (2018)

In this work, we describe the developments behind our “Brite3” generation rigid OLED lighting panels as well as bendable panels based on thin glass. We developed high brightness white OLEDs with excellent performance based on the stacking approach, achieving 80–90 lm/W on rigid panels and 60 lm/W on bendable panels.
Field Division Routing (2007)

Multi-hop communication objectives and constraints impose a set of challenging requirements that create difficult conditions for simultaneous optimization of features such as scalability and performance. We have developed field division routing (FDR), a distributed and non-hierarchical routing protocol that aims to coordinated addressing of scalability, topology alternations, latency, throughput, energy efficiency, and local storage requirements. FDR is based upon two optimization mechanisms: a reactive and focused diffusion that collects only network topology information directly required for making localized routing decisions, and a protocol for sharing routing information among neighboring nodes. Routing table initialization and maintenance are scalable in terms of both storage and overhead traffic. FDR provides guaranteed connectivity while providing near-optimal all-node-pairs message delivery. The protocol is also power-efficient to a wide spectrum of topology changes that induce relatively few messages to update routing tables network-wide. We analyzed FDR both theoretically and using simulation.
A Systems Approach Discovers the Role and Characteristics of Seven LysR Type Transcription Factors in Escherichia Coli (2021)

Abstract Although Escherichia coli K-12 strains represent perhaps the best known model bacteria, we do not know the identity or functions of all of their transcription factors (TFs). It is now possible to systematically discover the physiological function of TFs in E. coli BW25113 using a set of synergistic methods; including ChIP-exo, growth phenotyping, conserved gene clustering, and transcriptome analysis. Among 47 LysR-type TFs (LTFs) found on the E. coli K-12 genome, many regulate nitrogen source utilization or amino acid metabolism. However, 19 LTFs remain unknown. In this study, we elucidated the regulation of seven of these 19 LTFs: YbdO, YbeF, YgfI, YiaU, YneJ, YcaN, YbhD. We show that: 1) YbdO regulation has an effect on bacterial growth at low pH with citrate supplementation. YbdO is a repressor of the ybdNM operon and is implicated in the regulation of citrate lyase genes ( citCDEFG ); 2) YgfI activates the dhaKLM operon that encodes the phosphotransferase system involved in glycerol and dihydroxyacetone utilization; 3) YiaU regulates the yiaT gene encoding an outer membrane protein, and waaPSBOJYZU operon is also important in determining cell density at the stationary phase; 4) YneJ, re-named here as PtrR, directly regulates the expression of the succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, Sad (also known as YneI), and is a predicted regulator of fnrS (a small RNA molecule). PtrR is important for bacterial growth in the presence of L-glutamate and putrescine as nitrogen sources; and 5) YbhD and YcaN regulate adjacent y-genes on the genome and YbeF is involved in flagella gene regulation. We have thus established the functions for four LTFs and identified the target genes for three LTFs.
Data from Interrogating Two Schedules of the AKT Inhibitor MK-2206 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Incorporating Novel Pharmacodynamic and Functional Imaging Biomarkers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Multiple cancers harbor genetic aberrations that impact AKT signaling. MK-2206 is a potent pan-AKT inhibitor with a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) previously established at 60 mg on alternate days (QOD). Due to a long half-life (60–80 hours), a weekly (QW) MK-2206 schedule was pursued to compare intermittent QW and continuous QOD dosing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients with advanced cancers were enrolled in a QW dose-escalation phase I study to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic profiles of tumor and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The QOD MTD of MK-2206 was also assessed in patients with ovarian and castration-resistant prostate cancers and patients with advanced cancers undergoing multiparametric functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, including dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and intrinsic susceptibility-weighted MRI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 71 patients were enrolled; 38 patients had 60 mg MK-2206 QOD, whereas 33 received MK-2206 at 90, 135, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg QW. The QW MK-2206 MTD was established at 200 mg following dose-limiting rash at 250 and 300 mg. QW dosing appeared to be similarly tolerated to QOD, with toxicities including rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and hyperglycemia. Significant AKT pathway blockade was observed with both continuous QOD and intermittent QW dosing of MK-2206 in serially obtained tumor and PRP specimens. The functional imaging studies demonstrated that complex multiparametric MRI protocols may be effectively implemented in a phase I trial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Treatment with MK-2206 safely results in significant AKT pathway blockade in QOD and QW schedules. The intermittent dose of 200 mg QW is currently used in phase II MK-2206 monotherapy and combination studies (NCT00670488). &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(22); 5672–85. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The substance P receptor, which couples to Gq/11, is a substrate of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 and 2 (1993)

The agonist-occupied forms of several G-protein-coupled receptors that modulate the activity of adenylycyclase via Gs (e.g. beta 2-adrenergic) or Gi (e.g. alpha 2-adrenergic and cardiac muscarinic) are phosphorylated by beta-adrenergic receptor kinases (beta ARK 1 and beta ARK 2). beta ARK-catalyzed phosphorylation of these receptors appears to correlate with their agonist-induced desensitization. The possibility that beta ARK isozymes may also be involved in the desensitization of other G-protein-coupled receptors such as those mediating phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis was tested by determining the phosphorylation of the substance P receptor (SPR), which is coupled to PI hydrolysis in numerous tissues. Rat SPR was expressed in Sf9 cells, partially purified, and reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. The reconstituted SPR bound the SPR agonist substance P, 125I-labeled with Bolton-Hunter reagent, with low affinity. However, addition of purified Gq/11 to the reconstituted SPR resulted in the conversion of all the receptors to a high affinity state, suggesting that SPR couples to Gq/11. Phosphorylation of the reconstituted SPR with purified beta ARK 1 or 2 in the absence and presence of substance P (SP) was then studied. In the presence of 100 microM SP, both kinases promoted phosphorylation of the receptor to a stoichiometry of 9 +/- 2 mol of phosphate/mol of receptor. However, no phosphorylation of the receptor could be detected in the absence of agonist. Agonist-induced phosphorylation of the receptor was blocked by coincubation with the SPR antagonist spantide. These results show that beta ARK isozymes may regulate the function of both adenylylcyclase as well as PI-coupled receptors, and suggest a role for beta ARK isozymes in SPR signal transduction.
Significance of Optimization of Phospholipid Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Quantity for Coating Carbon Nanohorns to Achieve Low Cytotoxicity (2017)

Abstract In biological studies, phospholipid poly(ethylene glycol) (PLPEG) is used to disperse nanocarbons, which effectively reduces the macrophage uptake of nanocarbons. Single-walled carbon nanohorn (CNH), a type of nanocarbon, was dispersed with PLPEG in this study, and the effect of PLPEG quantity on the cytotoxicity of PLPEG-CNH in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages was revealed. The results were compared with the macrophage uptake quantity of PLPEG-CNH or agglomeration size of PLPEG-CNH. It is concluded that the optimum PLPEG:CNH weight ratio was 0.5:1 and 1:1. At the higher or lower ratios, the PLPEG-CNH toxicity and the macrophage uptake quantity increased and large agglomerates appeared. These tendencies at the lower PLPEG:CNH ratio were caused by the CNHs surfaces not being sufficiently well covered by PLPEG. The tendency at the higher PLPEG:CNH ratio was curious, for which we deduced that PLPEG adsorbed on CNHs was detached to form micelles, leading to the reappearance of the CNHs not well covered with PLPEG.
Long-lasting flexible organic solar cells stored and tested entirely in air (2011)

We report on improved stability of poly(3-hexylthiopene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester bulk heterojunction solar cells using an indium tin oxide (ITO) anode and an indium metal cathode. Except for the ITO anode the devices are fabricated, stored, and tested entirely in air without encapsulation, exhibiting less than 10% loss in power conversion efficiency after 200 days. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that this improvement in ambient stability is correlated with the diffusion of indium from the cathode into the active polymer. The In oxidizes presumably resulting in a reduction in P3HT polymer chain degradation.
Ectopic Osteoinduction by Variously Demineralized Allogenic Cortical Bone Matrix (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.