gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Space-Efficient Block Storage Integrity. (2005)

We present new methods to provide block-level integrity in encrypted storage systems, i.e., so that a client will detect the modification of data blocks by an untrusted storage server. We present cryptographic definitions for this setting, and develop solutions that change neither the block size nor the number of sectors accessed, an important consideration for modern storage systems. In order to achieve this, a trusted client component maintains state with which it can authenticate blocks returned by the storage server, and we explore techniques for minimizing the size of this state. We demonstrate a scheme that provably implements basic block integrity (informally, that any block accepted was previously written), that exhibits a tradeoff between the level of security and the additional client&amp;apos;s storage overhead, and that in empirical evaluations requires an average of only 0.01 bytes per 1024-byte block. We extend this to a scheme that implements integrity resistant to replay attacks (informally, that any block accepted was the last block written to that address) using only 1.82 bytes per block, on average, in our one-month long empirical tests.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Impact of childhood vaccination on racial disparities in invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. (2004)

CONTEXT: Historically, incidence of pneumococcal disease in the United States has been higher among blacks than among whites. Following recommendation of a new 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children in October 2000, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease has declined dramatically, but the impact of vaccination on racial disparities in incidence of pneumococcal disease is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of conjugate vaccine introduction on rates of pneumococcal disease among whites and blacks in the United States.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Analysis of data from the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)/Emerging Infections Program Network, an active, population-based surveillance system in 7 states. Patients were 15,923 persons with invasive pneumococcal disease occurring between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2002.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age- and race-specific pneumococcal disease incidence rates (cases per 100 000 persons), rate ratios, and rate differences.RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2002, annual incidence rates for invasive pneumococcal disease decreased from 19.0 to 12.1 cases per 100 000 among whites and from 54.9 to 26.5 among blacks. Due to these declines, 14,730 fewer cases occurred among whites and 8780 fewer cases occurred among blacks in the United States in 2002, compared with 2 prevaccine years, 1998 and 1999. Before vaccine introduction, incidence among blacks was 2.9 times higher than among whites (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-3.0); in 2002, the black-white rate ratio had been reduced to 2.2 (95% CI, 2.0-2.4). Incidence among black children younger than 2 years went from being 3.3 times higher (95% CI, 3.0-3.7) than among white children in the prevaccine period to 1.6 times higher (95% CI, 1.1-2.2) in 2002. By 2002, 74% of white children and 68% of black children aged 19 to 35 months in the 7 states had received at least 1 dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; 43% of white and 39% of black children received 3 or more doses.CONCLUSION: Although blacks remain at higher risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, introduction of childhood pneumococcal vaccination has reduced the racial disparity in incidence of pneumococcal disease. PMID: 15138241
762 Natural frequency estimation of rolling tire from excitation tests at contact area (2010)

Spindle force is a critical factor in structure borne noise for vehicle interior noise. To research the vibration characteristic of rolling tire is essential for prediction of spindle force. There is a characteristic that 1^<st> natural frequencies in operational condition are lower than in static condition. Therefore, the consideration of the degradation of natural frequencies is necessary in the tire model. This paper describes identification method of tire equivalent stiffness In operational condition. And we propose natural frequency estimation of rolling tire from excitation tests at contact area.
Solvent Exfoliation of Electronic-Grade, Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus (2015)

Solution dispersions of two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP)--often referred to as phosphorene--are achieved by solvent exfoliation. These pristine, electronic-grade BP dispersions are produced with anhydrous organic solvents in a sealed-tip ultrasonication system, which circumvents BP degradation that would otherwise occur via solvated O2 or H2O. Among conventional solvents, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is found to provide stable, highly concentrated (∼0.4 mg/mL) BP dispersions. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the structure and chemistry of solvent-exfoliated BP nanosheets are comparable to mechanically exfoliated BP flakes. Additionally, residual NMP from the liquid-phase processing suppresses the rate of BP oxidation in ambient conditions. Solvent-exfoliated BP nanosheet field-effect transistors exhibit ambipolar behavior with current on/off ratios and mobilities up to ∼10(4) and ∼50 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), respectively. Overall, this study shows that stable, highly concentrated, electronic-grade 2D BP dispersions can be realized by scalable solvent exfoliation, thereby presenting opportunities for large-area, high-performance BP device applications.
Fluid Flow Investigation of Die Cast Tensile Test Bars (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Comparison of ocular higher-order aberrations and visual performance between photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia (2003)

The purpose was to compare the ocular higher-order aberrations and the visual performance between photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Ocular aberrations and visual performance were measured after PRK in 26 eyes, after LASIK in 39 eyes, and in 29 normal myopic control eyes. Ocular aberrations were measured with a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer. Visual performance was evaluated with grating contrast sensitivity, high and low contrast visual acuity, and letter contrast sensitivity under full correction with spectacles. The results were that the root mean square (RMS) values of ocular higher-order aberrations after PRK or LASIK were significantly greater than that of normal controls for both 4-mm and 6-mm zones (PRK; 0.22 ± 0.09 and 0.85 ± 0.24µm, LASIK; 0.20 ± 0.06 and 0.82 ± 0.24µm, normal; 0.10 ± 0.03 and 0.33 ± 0.11µm. P &lt; 0.05 between PRK and normal, LASIK and normal, One Way ANOVA on Ranks). There were no significant differences between PRK and LASIK. The ocular higher-order aberrations increased in proportion with the attempted refractive correction by PRK and LASIK. The ocular higherorder aberrations correlated better with grating contrast sensitivity, low contrast visual acuity, and letter contrast sensitivity than with high contrast visual acuity. There was no difference among normal, PRK and LASIK in all the visual function tests, except between normal and PRK, or between normal and LASIK with letter contrast sensitivity. In conclusion, there was no difference in both ocular higher-order aberrations and visual performance between PRK and LASIK. The result suggests that surgeons can choose refractive procedures according to the corneal conditions or daily activities of patients.
Detecting RTL Trojans using Artificial Immune Systems and High Level Behavior Classification (2018)

Security assurance in a computer system can be viewed as distinguishing between self and non-self. Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are a class of machine learning (ML) techniques inspired by the behavior of innate biological immune systems, which have evolved to accurately classify self-behavior from non-self-behavior. This work aims to leverage AIS-based ML techniques for identifying certain behavioral traits in high level hardware descriptions, including unsafe or undesirable behaviors, whether such behavior exists due to human error during development, or due to intentional, malicious circuit modifications, known as hardware Trojans, without the need for a golden reference model. We explore the use of Negative Selection and Clonal Selection, which have historically been applied to malware detection on software binaries, to detect potentially unsafe or malicious behavior in hardware. We present a software tool which analyzes Trojan-inserted benchmarks, extracts their control and data-flow graphs (CDFGs), and uses this to train an AIS behavior model, against which new hardware descriptions may be tested. The proposed model is capable of detecting the specified (Trojan or Trojan-like) behavior with an accuracy of ~85% and an average false negative rate of 12.6% for Negative Selection and 12.8% for Clonal Selection.
Economic Formalism for Optimizing the Design and Energy Management of a hybrid wind/photovoltaic system (2003)

The objective herein is to establish a set of rules and tools for optimizing both energy management and design of a hybrid wind/photovoltaic production system, coupled to the grid and equipped with an electrochemical storage device. Optimization steps are carried out on the database containing consumption patterns and production resources. The chief optimization criterion is economic, with a focus on minimizing total cost of the system as well as of its installation and use over the long term (15 years). In this article, we will present the existing economic relationships inherent in such a system, prior to developing economic models for each of the various component units. Keywords: Economic formalism, hybrid wind/photovoltaic system, design optimization 1.
Lignite mine monitoring and mapping using freely-available radar and optical satellite imagery (2019)

A methodology for monitoring and mapping lignite mining areas using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 ESA Copernicus satellite systems is presented. A stochastic regularised super-resolution reconstruction (SRSR) for the enhancement of the Sentinel-2 optical data is developed, and a land monitoring/change analysis based on the enhanced Sentinel-2 images is performed. Additionally, the ground motion is monitored using the Sentinel-1 radar data via the Rheticus service. The proposed methodology is tested on the Amyntaio lignite mine in Ptolemais basin, Greece, for Sentinel images obtained from 2014 to 2018. The Amyntaio area has been of particular interest, as a landslide event occurred on June 10th, 2017, causing major operational disruption and a severe economic loss to the Public Power Plant Cooperation of Greece SA. The methodology proves to be useful for facilitating mapping and monitoring mining and post-mining areas facing similar problems with the Amyntaio lignite site.
Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan as Consolidation Following Three Cycles of Fludarabine-Cyclophosphamide-Rituximab Chemoimmunotherapy in Patients with Relapsed Follicular, Indolent or Mantle-Cell Lymphoma: A Prospective “Dose”-Finding Study. (2007)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Tumed sequential treatment with fludarabine/cyclophosphamide/rituximab (FC-R) followed by Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (IT) radioimmunotherapy may improve progression-free survival in patients (pts) with CD20+ NHL. However, even unpretreated pts submitted to four to six cycles of a fludarabine-containing combination and then IT at an Y-90 activity of 15 MBq/kg will experience severe prolonged, transfusion-dependent and only partially reversible pancytopenia, thus limiting its use in a non-curative setting (Jurczak et al., ASH 2005). AIM: We report on a trial including anthracycline-pretreated pts with relapsing CD20+ lymphoma &gt; age 50 and unsuitable for myeloablative treatment. These received 3 cycles of FC-R. If at least stable disease was achieved and neutrophil as well as platelet counts had normalized (2.5 vz. 150/nl) within 8 weeks, this was immediately followed by IT at 11 or 15 MBq/kg Y-90 activity. Primary endpoint was the rate of dose-limiting toxic events (DLT) induced by consolidation IT as a function of Y activity employed. DLT was defined as NIH-CTC grade 4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia for &gt; 14 days or non-hematological toxicity of &gt; grade 2 for &gt; 7 days. Per level of activity, a maximum of 1 DLT episode occurring in two cohorts of 3 pts was considered acceptable. RESULTS: We recruited 21 patients into the trial (10 follicular, 9 mantle cell, 2 other). Median age was 70 years, all were stage III/IV and median no. of pretreatments was 1 (range 1 to 3). 9 had marrow involvement (&lt; 25%), and 7 elevated LDH. 8 pts went off treatment before IT, mostly because of persistent cytopenia or progression. 13 received IT. Pt characteristics in this subcohort were comparable to the baseline cohort. Hematologic nadirs occurred at median 6 weeks post-IT. Median ANC nadir was 0.45/nl, with 1 pt in the 11 MBq and 2 in the 15 MBq activity level sustaining grade 4 neutropenia of &gt; 2 weeks duration. Median PLT nadir was 26/nl. Grade 4 thrombocytopenia was found in only 1 pt at the 15 MBq level (duration 10 days) who did not require transfusion. Median ANC and PLT counts normalized by week 12, one showing persistent otherwise unexplained thrombocytopenia. Non-hematological toxicitiy including fever or infections was rare and &lt; grade 3. No correlation was found with extent/type of pretreatment, baseline cell counts or presence of marrow involvement. With median 8 months follow-up, 1 has so far improved remission status to CR, and 1 pt in stable disease and 1 in PR before IT have progressed. CONCLUSIONS: In order to avoid neutropenia grade 4 of &gt; 2 weeks duration, IT following 3 cycles of FC-R should be performed at an Y activity level of 11 MBq/kg. Nevertheless, the possibly higher incidence of prolonged severe neutropenia following IT at 15 MBq does not translate into a higher rate of infections or persistence of neutropenia and may therefore be regarded safe.
Quantum Dots: All-Fiber Photon-Pair Source For Practical (2002)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Prem Kumar, Marco Fiorentino, Paul L. Voss, and Jay E. Sharping, "Quantum Dots: All-Fiber Photon-Pair Source For Practical," Optics & Photonics News 13(12), 52-52 (2002) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Efficient generation and expansion of antigen‐specific CD4+ T cells by recombinant influenza viruses (2003)

Adoptive transfer of in vitro generated antigen-specific T cells has been successfully used to treat viral infections in immunodeficient patients. Therefore, methods for the rapid in vitro expansion of antigen-specific T cells are needed. Influenza virus efficiently infects dendritic cells, and peptides derived from viral proteins are processed and presented to CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. However, both, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are necessary for the efficient control of viral infections, and it is becoming increasingly clear that a T helper cell response is very important for the maintenance and strength of the immune response. Here we show that recombinant influenza virus efficiently infects a wide range of professional antigen-presenting cells and does not interfere with antigen presentation pathways. Using T cell clones for three different MHC class II-restricted antigens we demonstrate that peptides derived from these antigens are efficiently presented on MHC class II molecules. Importantly, it was possible to generate and expand antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells following in vitro infection of professional antigen-presenting cells with recombinant influenza virus. These findings support the notion that recombinant influenza virus is a valuable tool for the expansion of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells in vitro.
Novel Electronics for Flexible and Neuromorphic Computing (2018)

Abstract Emerging classes of flexible electronic systems that can be attached to a wide range of surfaces from wearable clothes to internal organs have driven significant advances in communication protocols (e.g., Internet of Things, augmented reality) and clinical research, shifting today's personal computing paradigm. The field of “system on plastic” is on the verge of an innovative breakthrough toward a hypercognitive society by being fused with current neuromorphic applications in the spotlight, which can offer intelligent services such as personalized feedback therapy and autonomous driving. The novel concept of electronics for flexible and neuromorphic computing requires an important research leap in micro‐/nanoelectronics on plastics, system‐level integration techniques (interconnection and packaging), and synaptic devices. Here, representative advances and developments in the area of flexible and neuromorphic technologies are reviewed with regard to device configurations, materials, fabrication processes, and their potential research fields.
The 1.8 Å Crystal Structure of ACTIBIND Suggests a Mode of Action for T2 Ribonucleases As Antitumorigenic Agents (2012)

ACTIBIND and its human homologue RNASET2 are T2 ribonucleases (RNases). RNases are ubiquitous and efficient enzymes that hydrolyze RNA to 3' mononucleotides and also possess antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic activities. Previously, we have shown that ACTIBIND and RNASET2 bind actin and interfere with the cytoskeletal network structure, thereby inhibiting cell motility and invasiveness in cancer and in endothelial cells. We also showed that ACTIBIND binds actin in a molar ratio of 1:2. Here, we further characterize ACTIBIND and determine its crystal structure at 1.8 Å resolution, which enables us to propose two structural elements that create binding sites to actin. We suggest that each of these binding sites is composed of one cysteine residue and one conserved amino acid region. These binding sites possibly interfere with the cytoskeleton network structure and as such may be responsible for the antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic activities of ACTIBIND and its human analogue RNASET2.
HIV-1 Env structure and vaccine design (2014)

Roughly one third of the HIV-1 genome is devoted to the HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein spike, which comprises three gp120 and three gp41 subunits. Structural characterization of the HIV-1 Env by electron microscopy, NMR, and X-ray crystallography reveals considerable conformational alterations, not only between trimeric ground state, CD4 receptor-bound conformation, and postfusion conformation of the spike, but also between monomeric and trimeric configurations of the subunits as well as between free- and antibody–bound states. One important structure, however, that of the prefusion HIV-1 spike, has resisted atomic level determination. This structure has been on the 10 list of most wanted structure for more than 20 years, because it is the target of the majority of broad HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies – and therefore of importance to vaccine design. In late 2013, the structure of a prefusion HIV-1 spike, based on a BG505 SOSIP.R6.664 construct, was reported by both X-ray crystallography (4.7 Å) and electron microscopy (5.8 Å). While these structures described the trimeric configuration of most of the HIV-1 gp120 subunit, the description of the gp41 subunit was limited to two helical regions comprising only about half the gp41 ectodomain, and the sequence register for the alpha helices was not reported. Recently, we were able to obtain x-ray diffraction data to 3.5 Å resolution on a prefusion crystal structure of the entire HIV-1 spike. The structure utilizes the same BG505 SOSIP.R6.664 construct as previously published, but crystallized in space group P6(3) with the antigen-binding fragments (Fab) of two antibodies, PGT122 and 35O22. The new structure provides atomic-level details for the complete prefusion structure of gp120 and the majority of the trimeric ectodomain of gp41 (up to residue 664). Also visualized are details of the gp120-gp41 interface and of antibodies such as 35O22. In addition to the complete HIV-1 Env ectodomain structure, implications for HIV-1 vaccine design will be described.
Molecular Analysis of HER2 Signaling in Human Breast Cancer by Functional Protein Pathway Activation Mapping (2012)

Molecular profiling of HER2 signaling of a large cohort of human breast cancer specimens using a quantitative and sensitive functional pathway activation mapping technique reveals IHC(-)/FISH(-)/pHER2(+) tumors with HER2 pathway activation independent of total HER2 levels and functional signaling through HER3 and EGFR.
Design of A Metamaterial-Inspired Reflectarray to Increase the UHF-Band RFID Detection-Range (2019)

In this paper, we present a way to increase the operational efficiency of the UHF-band RFID system. A Flat reflecting surface is placed behind a small UHF antenna and changes a low antenna gain to a high one. We set 920 MHz as the target frequency and obtain benefits of 6.5 dB-gain increment and relatively a small volume for wavelength of 32.6 cm. It is shown that both the source antenna and the metamaterial-inspired reflecting surface are planar, which makes the system easy to develop for a high gain and maintenance.
Robot Audition using an Adaptive Filter Based on Independent Component Analysis (2008)

This paper describes a new adaptive filter algorithm based on independent component analysis (ICA) for enhancing a target sound and for suppressing other interference sounds that are known. The technique can provide barge-in capable robot audition systems by utilizing known sound source signals such as self speech. Unlike a conventional ICA-based method, we use the time-frequency domain convolution model to cope with reflections of the sound. Experimental results showed that our method outperformed the conventional ICA-based method and the well-known adaptive filter algorithm called Nomalized Least Mean Squares (LMS) .
A liquid rate gyroscope using electro-conjugate fluid - practical design and characterization - (2008)

A gyroscope is one of the most important mechanical components, used in wide variety of mechanical systems. Although many kinds of gyroscopes are commercially available, for consumer applications, lately becoming a big market for gyroscopes, a vibration gyroscope is the present standard. Vibration gyroscopes are small in size and low cost, however, they are not robust enough for external impact/vibration because they have vibrating elements inside.