gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and localization of a novel, cytoskeletal, centrosome-associated protein in PtK2 cells. (1988)

Antisera raised against centrin (Salisbury, J.L., A.T. Baron, B. Surek, and M. Melkonian. 1984. J. Cell Biol. 99:962-970) have been used, here, to identify a centrosome-associated protein with an Mr of 165,000. Immunocytochemistry indicates that this protein is a component of pericentriolar satellites, basal feet, and pericentriolar matrix of interphase cells. These components of pericentriolar material are, in part, composed of 3-8-nm-diam filaments, which interconnect to form a three-dimensional pericentriolar lattice. We conclude that the 165,000-Mr protein is immunologically related to centrin, and that it is a component of a novel centrosome-associated cytoskeletal filament system. Microtubule organizing centers such as the flagellar apparatus of algal cells, spindle pole body of yeast cells, and centrosome of mammalian cells are homologous structures essential for cytoplasmic organization and cellular proliferation. Molecular cloning studies have recently shown that the cell cycle gene product CDC31, required for spindle pole body duplication, shares 50% sequence homology with centrin (Huang, B., A. Mengersen, and V.D. Lee. 1988. J. Cell Biol. 107:133-140). The evolutionary conservation of centrin-related sequences and immunologic epitopes to microtubule organizing centers of divergent phylogeny suggests that a functional attribute(s) may have been conserved as well. Elucidation of a common thread between these related molecules may be fundamental to our understanding of cell structure and function.
Poly(NaSS) Functionalization Modulates the Conformation of Fibronectin and Collagen Type I To Enhance Osteoblastic Cell Attachment onto Ti6Al4V (2014)

Functionalization of surfaces with poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (poly(NaSS)) has recently been found to enhance osteointegration of implantable materials. Radical polymerization of poly(NaSS) on titanium (Ti)-based substrates has been used to improve their long-term performance by preventing fibrosis and consequently implant loosening. However, the influence of the sulfonate groups on the early cell behavior and the associated molecular phenomena remains to be understood. In this work, we used quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to elucidate the role of poly(NaSS) in enhancing osteoblastic cell attachment. This was measured by following the cell attachment using the MC3T3-E1 cell line, on fetal bovine serum (FBS) preadsorbed surfaces and on substrates adsorbed with a series of relevant proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA), fibronectin (Fn), and collagen type I (Col I). Comparison of the performance of poly(NaSS) with other clinically important substrates such as Ti alloy Ti6Al4V, gold, and poly(desamino-tyrosyl-tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate) (poly(DTEc)) indicates poly(NaSS) to be a superior substrate for MC3T3-E1 cells attachment. This attachment was found to be integrin mediated in the presence of Fn and Col I. Antibodies specific to the RGD peptide and the N- and C-terminal HB-binding domains reacted more intensively with Fn adsorbed on poly(NaSS). Fn adapts a conformation favorable to RGD mediated cell attachment when adsorbed onto poly(NaSS).
<title>High-speed board-to-board optical interconnection</title> (1991)

We have demonstrated for the first time board-to-board optical interconnection having a 60 GHz bandwidth with a signal-to-noise ratio of 22 dB at 60 0Hz. Board-to-board optical interconnection was realized using microprisms which had a measured coupling bandwidth of more than 250 nm. The graded index (GRIN) of the polymer waveguide allows us to implement such an interconnection scheme on an array of substrates. The implementation of a high speed on-board transceiver in connection with a polymer waveguide lens will generate a fully on-board optical interconnect involving modulation/demodulation.
A novel method to detect in vivo oxidant production reveals increased susceptibility to high‐fat diet induced penile oxidative stress in GSNOR knockout mice (LB688) (2014)

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has consistently been described as a cause of erectile dysfunction. However, direct measurement of ROS in the penis has remained elusive due to the short half life of ROS and limited accessibility to appropriate tissue beds in humans or animals. Binding of nitric oxide to a cysteine thiol is termed S‐nitrosylation, which can mediate function of many proteins. S‐nitrosylated glutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a major mediator of de‐nitrosylation, which can impact reactive oxygen/nitrogen homeostasis. The objective of this study was to optimize a new technique to measure in vivo ROS production in the mouse penis, and to investigate the effect of a high‐fat diet on penile ROS production in wild type (WT) and GSNOR knockout (KO) mice. WT and GSNOR KO mice were fed a standard chow or high‐fat diet for 3 or 6 weeks (n=3/group). A linear microdialysis probe (3mm membrane, 20kDa cutoff) was inserted into the shaft of the penis of mice under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, allowing sampling of extracellular fluid. To measure extracellular ROS, probes were perfused with saline containing 100 µM Amplex Ultrared and 1 U/ml horseradish peroxidase. Dialysate fluorescence was measured at the outlet with a Turner Designs (TD‐700) fluorometer at 510Ex/590Em. Mean hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations were: WT (chow = 0.664, 3wk HFD = 0.666, 6wk HFD = 1.202 µM), GSNOR KO (chow = 0.735, 3wk HFD = 1.349, 6wk = 1.389 µM). Following 3 weeks of HFD, mean penile H2O2 was increased 103% in GSNOR KO vs. WT mice. It can be concluded that lack of GSNOR accelerates the development of oxidative stress in the penis in response to a high‐fat diet. Grant Funding Source : Supported by a trainee grant from the Sexual Medicine Society of North America
A therapeutic antibody targeting osteoprotegerin attenuates severe experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. (2019)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but fatal disease. Current treatments increase life expectancy but have limited impact on the progressive pulmonary vascular remodelling that drives PAH. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is increased within serum and lesions of patients with idiopathic PAH and is a mitogen and migratory stimulus for pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Here, we report that the pro-proliferative and migratory phenotype in PASMCs stimulated with OPG is mediated via the Fas receptor and that treatment with a human antibody targeting OPG can attenuate pulmonary vascular remodelling associated with PAH in multiple rodent models of early and late treatment. We also demonstrate that the therapeutic efficacy of the anti-OPG antibody approach in the presence of standard of care vasodilator therapy is mediated by a reduction in pulmonary vascular remodelling. Targeting OPG with a therapeutic antibody is a potential treatment strategy in PAH.
Frequency Domain Measurements for Diagnosis of Power Transformers: Experiences from Australia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and UK (2021)

Power transformers and their performance and reliability in electric power networks are important research issues of power systems. Much information has already been collected and reported; however, it is rare to report comparisons of transformer service performance under different geographical locations and working conditions. CIGRE working group A2.37 collected information on 964 transformer failures from 58 utilities and 21 countries covering the period from 1996 to 2009. The main failure modes included failures in windings, tap changers, bushings, insulation, and core. As estimated, based on available literature, nearly 50% of the failures could be related to transformer windings and insulation. This collective paper summarizes experiences from the use of diagnostic tools based on frequency domain measurements at different geographical regions of the world. It starts with a short introduction to response measurements in frequency domain for condition assessment of transformers; then theoretical backgrounds of the two widely used response measurements, namely Frequency Dielectric Spectroscopy (FDS) and Frequency Response Analysis (FRA), are presented. Afterward details of tested transformers and measurement procedures are described for which selected set of FDS and FRA measurement results are analysed for respectively elucidating their potential in assessment of moisture content, ageing degree and fault identification.
Development of PAR Sensor Applicable to Greenhouses and Smart Farms Using a Ripple-Free Red/Blue TiO2/SiO2 Dual-Band Bandpass Filter (2022)

The sunlight that promotes photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Most plants use a large amount of red (R) and blue (B) wavelength light for photosynthesis, but also to a limited extent use green (G) wavelength light. The quantitative light value required for photosynthesis in farming is referred to as the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Most commercial PAR sensors are well calibrated and precisely developed to measure PPFD, but have complex structures, optical systems, and a multiple number of bandpass filters and/or channels. To address these complex problems, we propose using a dual-band bandpass filter (DBPF) that can transmit light in two bands at the same time. Here, we simulated and developed a ripple-free DBPF that transmits R and B wavelength regions and simultaneously reflects G and infrared (IR) wavelength regions. Our ripple-free DBPF was manufactured by nonperiodically stacking TiO2 and SiO2 films using e-beam evaporation with the help of an optical simulation. In addition, an IR-cutting filter was deposited on the back of the substrate to block IR light that is absorbed by the Si photodiode (PD) used as the light receiver of the PAR sensor. Finally, our dual-color detectable PAR sensor was developed by combining the general Si PD and ripple-free DBPF. The measured PPFD value was calibrated in a wide PPFD range of 0.05 to 3048 μmol/m2/s. Reliability was confirmed from an average measurement error of 3.7% in five light-emitting diode (LED) lighting environments, including white light and monochromatic light. Due to the easy modification of both the R and B transmission bands of the developed DBPF, it can be easily adapted to slightly different PAR spectra of various plants or crops.
Pneumonia: The urgent problem of 21st century medicine (2016)

The paper analyzes the systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the strategic issues of pneumonia, which have been published in the past 3 years. It discusses the prevalence and mortality rates of acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia, healthcare-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and Mycoplasma pneumonia, and the specific features of their etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. A large number of investigations emphasize the relevance of this problem in current clinical practice.
InspectJS (2022)

Static analysis has established itself as a weapon of choice for detecting security vulnerabilities. Taint analysis in particular is a very general and powerful technique, where security policies are expressed in terms of forbidden flows, either from untrusted input sources to sensitive sinks (in integrity policies) or from sensitive sources to untrusted sinks (in confidentiality policies). The appeal of this approach is that the taint-tracking mechanism has to be implemented only once, and can then be parameterized with different taint specifications (that is, sets of sources and sinks, as well as any sanitizers that render otherwise problematic flows innocuous) to detect many different kinds of vulnerabilities.
Analysis of Base-Cooled Total Temperature Probes With Radiation (2016)

The design of total temperature probes for accurate measurements in hot, high-speed flows remains a topic of great interest in a number of engineering areas, despite a broad and deep prior literature on the subject. Prediction of error sources from convection, conduction and radiation is still an area of concern. For hot-flow conditions, the probe is normally mounted in a cooled support, leading to substantial axial conduction. Also, radiation plays a very important role in most hot, high-speed conditions. One can apply detailed computational methods for simultaneous convection, conduction and radiation heat transfer, but such approaches are not suitable for rapid, routine design studies. So, there is still a place for approximate analytic methods, and that is the subject of this paper.
High‐Voltage and High‐Safety Practical Lithium Batteries with Ethylene Carbonate‐Free Electrolyte (2021)

Abstract Serious safety issues are impeding the widespread adoption of high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries for transportation electrification and large‐scale grid storage. Herein, a triple‐salt ethylene carbonate (EC) free electrolyte for high‐safety and high‐energy pouch‐type LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 |graphite (NMC811|Gr) cells is reported. This EC‐free electrolyte can effectively stabilize the NMC811 surface under high potential (up to 4.5 V), as well as generate a stable interphase to achieve a superior compatibility with the Gr anode. The electrolyte strategy enables significantly enhanced intrinsic safety (trigger temperature of thermal runaway (TR) increased by 67.0 °C), excellent electrochemical properties (4.2V, ≈100% after 200 cycles), and superior high voltage stability (4.5 V, 82.1% after 200 cycles). The work opens up a new avenue for developing novel electrolyte systems to build safer high‐energy batteries for practical applications.
A stepwise model for double‐stranded RNA processing by ribonuclease III (2007)

RNA interference is mediated by small interfering RNAs produced by members of the ribonuclease III (RNase III) family represented by bacterial RNase III and eukaryotic Rnt1p, Drosha and Dicer. For mechanistic studies, bacterial RNase III has been a valuable model system for the family. Previously, we have shown that RNase III uses two catalytic sites to create the 2-nucleotide (nt) 3' overhangs in its products. Here, we present three crystal structures of RNase III in complex with double-stranded RNA, demonstrating how Mg(2+) is essential for the formation of a catalytically competent protein-RNA complex, how the use of two Mg(2+) ions can drive the hydrolysis of each phosphodiester bond, and how conformational changes in both the substrate and the protein are critical elements for assembling the catalytic complex. Moreover, we have modelled a protein-substrate complex and a protein-reaction intermediate (transition state) complex on the basis of the crystal structures. Together, the crystal structures and the models suggest a stepwise mechanism for RNase III to execute the phosphoryl transfer reaction.
All-optical pulse compression based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers (2016)

Pulse compression processing based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in an optical fiber is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. Broadband microwave signal is electro-optically modulated onto the pump lightwave that is launched into one end of the fiber. Acoustic wave in the fiber inherits the amplitude and phase information of the pump lightwave and thus the coupling between the acoustic wave and pump lightwave leads to the auto-correlated process of the pump lightwave as well as the modulated microwave signal. Derivation of the SBS coupling equations shows that the short-pulse probe lightwave amplified by the pump lightwave possesses the nature of auto-correlation formula. All-optical pulse compression of the broadband microwave signal is implemented after a subtraction between the detected probe pulse with and without SBS. A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out. The pulse compression of a linear frequency-modulated microwave signal with 1 GHz sweep range at the carrier frequency of 4.3 GHz is successfully realized, which well matches the theoretical analysis.
Proactive Edge Caching for Video on Demand With Quality Adaptation (2019)

Proactive edge caching, as a promising approach to accommodate the explosively increased mobile data demand of Video on demand (VoD) service, has received extensive attention. However, although targeted to VoD service, existing caching policies are mainly designed for file downloading service while the unique requirement of quality of experience (QoE) for VoD service has been seldom considered. Aimed at maximizing the weighted average QoE of VoD service, this paper optimizes the proactive edge caching polices including the cached fraction and encoding bit rate of every video. We consider a two-tier network, where the helpers equipped with caching resource are deployed in the coverage area of traditional base stations. We formulate the caching optimization problems and show their hidden convexity properties, then we find that the optimal caching policy is determined by the weighted popularity-to-duration ratio of videos. Based on the result, we develop a low-complexity algorithm to find the optimal caching policy. Simulation results demonstrate evident performance gain of the proposed policy over the existing policy for VoD service.
Sensorless Inverter‐Fed Compressor Drive System Using Back‐EMFEstimator withPIDNNTorque Observer (2013)

Abstract A saliency back‐ EMF estimator with a proportional–integral–derivative neural network ( PIDNN ) torque observer is proposed in this study to improve the speed estimating performance of a sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor ( IPMSM ) drive system for an inverter‐fed compressor. The PIDNN torque observer is proposed to replace the conventional proportional–integral–derivative ( PID ) torque observer in a saliency back‐ EMF estimator to improve the estimating performance of the rotor flux angle and speed. The proposed sensorless control scheme use square‐wave type voltage injection method as the start‐up strategy to achieve sinusoidal starting. When the motor speed gradually increases to a preset speed, the sensorless drive will switch to the conventional saliency back‐ EMF estimator using the PID observer or the proposed saliency back‐ EMF estimator using the PIDNN observer for medium and high speed control. The theories of the proposed saliency back‐ EMF rotor flux angle and speed estimation method are introduced in detail. Moreover, the network structure, the online learning algorithms and the convergence analyses of the PIDNN are discussed. Furthermore, a DSP ‐based control system is developed to implement the sensorless inverter‐fed compressor drive system. Finally, some experimental results are given to verify the feasibility of the proposed estimator.
Evaluation of a 7.5 French Pulmonary Catheter for Continuous Monitoring of Cerebral Venous Oxygen Saturation (1994)

We studied a 7.5 French Opticat fiberoptic catheter/Oximetrix computer system as a tool for continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation of jugular venous blood. Eight healthy volunteers had a catheter placed with the tip in the bulb of the right internal jugular vein. During baseline condition, hyperventilation, and rebreathing, jugular venous oxygen saturations ranging from 35 to 85% were obtained. Simultaneous with drawing a blood sample, the value obtained with the fiberoptic catheter was recorded. The oxygen saturation of the blood sample was analyzed in vitro using a bench oximeter. A total of 150 paired values was obtained. In 15 of these cases, the computer indicated that the intensity of the reflected light was insufficient. A difference of > 12% oxygen saturation between the paired values was obtained for all of these pairs. The regression coefficient for the remaining 135 data pairs was 0.95, the mean difference was -0.54%, and the limits of agreement were -9.5 to 8.4%. We conclude that the 7.5 French Opticat catheter is useful if values obtained during improper light intensity are excluded.
Molecular cloning and characterization of antigens expressed on rat tumor vascular endothelial cells (2000)

We have previously prepared monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tumor vasculature using cultured rat tumor endothelial cells (TECs) isolated from solid KMT-17 tumors and identified 40 and 80 kDa antigens recognized by TES-17 and TES-23 MAbs, respectively. To clarify the nature of antigens on tumor vasculature, molecular cloning was conducted by screening the rat TEC cDNA library. Two antigens were detected: a 40 kDa OTS-8 antigen, which had been defined as a differentiation marker for osteoblastic lineage, and an 80 kDa CD44H antigen. Northern blots showed that OTS-8 mRNA was expressed exclusively in the lung, in addition to TECs, while CD44H mRNA was detected in the lung, intestine, spleen, thymus and peripheral blood cells, in addition to TECs. Immuno-histochemistry of KMT-17 tumors revealed that OTS-8 and CD44 were expressed on sprouting TECs. In addition, TES-23 MAb stained TECs of tubular vessels as well as sprouting TECs, but anti-rat CD44 MAbs stained only sprouting TECs. PCR showed that CD44 cDNA with a splice in exon 6 (CD44ex6) was present in rat TECs at low levels. Our results indicate that OTS-8 and CD44 are expressed on rat sprouting TECs and that TES-23 MAb recognizes CD44H on sprouting TECs as well as an unknown epitope on TECs of tubular vessels that could not be recognized by anti-rat CD44 MAbs.
Neurological events with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors reported to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (2013)

While several neurological AEs have been described, definite association between de novo development of these AEs and exposure to TNF-α inhibitors was not established using the Naranjo score.
On the Validation of a Multiphysics Theory for a Static Contact With Rough Surfaces (2014)

In an effort to address the validation of a recently developed multifield and multiscale rough contact theory we are applying it for a particular experiment. The experiment involves the contact between two hollow cylinders with an annular disk in between them. The contact surface is rough and the entire stack is exposed to compressive mechanical load and a high electric current pulse. Solving the necessary multi-physics partial differential equations leads to establishing the spatiotemporal distribution of relevant fields and the identification of the contact resistance as a function of mechanical pressure and current. In addition to providing typical results for all selected fields present during the experiment and the simulation, we also provide a comparison between the experimentally acquired resistance histories with the numerically derived ones to address validation aspects of the general multiphysics contact theory.
High Energy BSE/SE/STEM Imaging of 8 um Thick Semiconductor Interconnects (2014)

High energy (100-400 keV) scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging of samples can be performed in the transmission electron microscope (TEM)/scanning TEM (STEM) when the system has secondary electron (SE) and/or backscattered (BSE) electron detector(s) installed. Previously, very high resolution SE imaging has been demonstrated at 200 keV in a STEM with a spherical aberration corrected condenser lens Additionally, imaging of semiconductor Cu interconnects in SiO2 dielectric located at distances > 3um below the surface has been accomplished using incident beam energies of 100-400 keV and a backscattered electron (BSE) detector In the high energy BSE analysis case, multilevel Cu interconnects are ideal structures to study because: 1) there is a large BSE yield difference between Cu and SiO 2 so Cu can be easily detected and 2) Cu lines exist at multiple levels below the surface so multiple structures can be seen from different depths in one BSE image. In this paper, a semiconductor chip with 9 interconnect levels spanning 8 um in height was studied using SE, BSE and STEM imaging at incident beam energies of 300-400 keV in order to understand image content and quality versus the depth of the structure below the surface.