gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pedro Brugada and Peter Schwartz share the Lefoulon-Delalande Foundation Scientific Prize 2019 (2019)

Pedro Brugada and Peter Schwartz with the prestigious Grand Prix Scientifique 2019 award of e600 000 for their research on the Brugada syndrome and long QT syndrome (LQTS) respectively. Pedro BrugadaFrom 1986 when Pedro Brugada saw the first patient, until today, the LQTS (Brugada) has been his main area of research.Brugada syndrome promoted the entry of genetics into cardiovascular medicine when it became evident that it is a hereditary condition.This disease has also had an impact at other levels e.g.better diagnosis and treatment of children with syncope where the causes were previously not understood.The condition has also promoted the development of special technologies as pacemakers and defibrillators, to be used in children and young adults.The disease has also made it possible to understand phenomena such as, sudden death caused by medications used by individuals that did not know that they suffered from the disease.Research into this disease has shown that there are a number of genetic types that behave differently.Some individuals with the disease may die if they develop fever, while others not.Many patients with this disease die during rest, but some special forms may lead to sudden death during exercise.The present research of Pedro Brugada is related to Brugada syndrome with a focus for a better and early recognition of the disease, and a search for genetic tools that may allow us to someday cure the disease by correcting the genetic defect.This prize is a very welcome support to continue this research.
Targeted collapse regularized autoencoder for anomaly detection: black hole at the center (2023)

Autoencoders have been extensively used in the development of recent anomaly detection techniques. The premise of their application is based on the notion that after training the autoencoder on normal training data, anomalous inputs will exhibit a significant reconstruction error. Consequently, this enables a clear differentiation between normal and anomalous samples. In practice, however, it is observed that autoencoders can generalize beyond the normal class and achieve a small reconstruction error on some of the anomalous samples. To improve the performance, various techniques propose additional components and more sophisticated training procedures. In this work, we propose a remarkably straightforward alternative: instead of adding neural network components, involved computations, and cumbersome training, we complement the reconstruction loss with a computationally light term that regulates the norm of representations in the latent space. The simplicity of our approach minimizes the requirement for hyperparameter tuning and customization for new applications which, paired with its permissive data modality constraint, enhances the potential for successful adoption across a broad range of applications. We test the method on various visual and tabular benchmarks and demonstrate that the technique matches and frequently outperforms more complex alternatives. We further demonstrate that implementing this idea in the context of state-of-the-art methods can further improve their performance. We also provide a theoretical analysis and numerical simulations that help demonstrate the underlying process that unfolds during training and how it helps with anomaly detection. This mitigates the black-box nature of autoencoder-based anomaly detection algorithms and offers an avenue for further investigation of advantages, fail cases, and potential new directions.
An automated image prescreening tool for a printer qualification process (2008)

Printer qualification is an important process to ensure that a newly designed printer works accordingly to specifications. Traditionally, image screening is a part of the process that is rather labor intensive. In this work, we develop an automated prescreening tool, along with an image fidelity metric to reduce the workload of expert observers involved in screening the softcopy test images. This tool works for a wide range of image types and content.
Optical clearing improves the imaging depth and signal‐to‐noise ratio for digital analysis and three‐dimensional projection of the human enteric nervous system (2011)

We provide an optical approach to improve the imaging depth in 3-D neurohistology of the human ileum. This methodology has significant promise in facilitating our understanding of the enteric nervous system in health and disease.
Immunogenicity of HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine in Women after Allogeneic HCT is Comparable to Healthy Volunteers (2018)

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) reactivation occurs in 40% of female allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) survivors and can induce subsequent neoplasms. Typically, vaccines are weakly immunogenic post-HCT; however, HPV vaccine has not been studied in HCT survivors. We studied humoral and neutralizing HPV-specific immune responses in a study of HPV vaccine in clinically-stable women post-HCT on low-dose immunosuppressive therapy (IST) or no IST compared to female healthy volunteers (HV). Methods: On a prospective, IRB-approved protocol (NCT01092195), quadrivalent HPV vaccine was administered at baseline, 2, and 6 months to women aged 18-50 on low-dose or no IST post-HCT, and age-matched HV. Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected before each vaccination and at 1 and 6 months after the last dose. HPV6, HPV11, HPV16 and HPV18-specific antibody responses were measured in serum using L1 VLP ELISA. Assay cutoffs were 7 EU/ml for HPV6, HPV11, HPV18 and 8 EU/ml for HPV16. HPV16 and HPV18 neutralization titers were determined using pseudovirion-based secreted alkaline phosphatase neutralization (SEAP) assay 1 month after last dose (7 months). Mann Whitney U test, the Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for comparisons. Results: Sixty-four women enrolled: 23 were on IST at a median of 1.2 yr (.5-8.4) post-HCT, 21 off IST at 2.5 yr (.5-14.1) post-HCT, and 20 were HV. Immune response to HPV6, HPV11, HPV16 and HPV18 did not differ among groups at the primary endpoint of 7 months. At baseline, 24/64 (38%) of subjects had detectable anti-HPV16, 32/64 (50%) anti-HPV18, 11/64 (17%) anti-HPV6 and 9/64 (14%) had anti-HPV11 antibodies (Figure 1). After vaccination, 70% (16/23) of patients on IST, 90% (19/21) off IST and 100% (20/20) HV developed antibody responses to all 4 types in HPV vaccine (Figure 2). Four post-HCT on IST had no response; the others developed response to some but not all types (Figure 2). Mean antibody levels after vaccination were significantly higher than baseline at each time point (P < .001) except after the first dose of anti-HPV18 (P = .06), and was similar across the 3 groups (Figure 3). SEAP assay for anti-HPV16 and anti-HPV18 correlated with L1 VLP ELISA antibody titers at 7 months (rho = .92; P < .001 for both; n = 61).Figure 2Percent with HPV antibody titer by HPV type and study cohort after quadrivalent HPV vaccination.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)Figure 3View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) Conclusions: Clinically-stable women post-HCT whether on or off low-dose IST, developed robust HPV6, HPV11, HPV16 and HPV18 antibody responses after vaccination that are unexpectedly similar to those seen in healthy women. These responses correlate well with neutralizing antibodies. These findings suggest that HPV vaccination may aid in reducing HPV reactivation and genital neoplasia in this population.
Amphiphilic polyaspartamide copolymer-based micelles for rivastigmine delivery to neuronal cells (2012)

A novel polysorbate-80 (PS(80))-attached amphiphilic copolymer comprising a hydrophilic α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide (PHEA) backbone and hydrophobic squalenyl-C(17) (Sq(17)) portions was synthesized and characterized; the formation of polymeric micelles was also evaluated. Rivastigmine free-base (Riv), a hydrophobic drug employed to treat Alzheimer's disease, was chosen as model drug to investigate micelle's ability to incorporate hydrophobic molecules and target them to neuronal cells. Micelle formation was studied through analyses including fluorescence spectroscopy and 2D (1)H-NMR NOESY experiments. Finally, the capacity of Riv-loaded micelles, versus free drug, to penetrate mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro2a) was evaluated. 2D (1)H-NMR NOESY experiments demonstrated that the PHEA-EDA-Sq(17)-PS(80) copolymer self-assembles into micelle structures in water, with a micelle core formed by hydrophobic interaction between Sq(17) alkyl chains. Fluorescence probe studies revealed the CAC of PHEA-EDA-Sq(17)-PS(80) micelles, which was 0.25 mg mL(-1). The micelles obtained had a nanometric hydrodynamic diameter with narrow size distribution and negative surface charge. The PHEA-EDA-Sq(17)-PS(80) micelles incorporated a large amount of Riv, and the system maintained the stability of Riv after incubation in human plasma. An in vitro biological assay evidenced no cytotoxic effects of either empty or loaded micelles on the neuronal cell lines tested. Moreover, the micelles are internalized by neuroblastoma cell lines with drug uptake depending on the micelles concentration.
Effects of Ion-Bombardment-Assist and High Temperature on Growth of Zinc Oxide Films by Microwave Excited High Density Plasma Enhanced MOCVD (2008)

2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Effects of Ion-Bombardment-Assist and High Temperature on Growth of Zinc Oxide Films by Microwave Excited High Density Plasma Enhanced MOCVD
Details of a Shock-Separated Turbulent Boundary Layer at a Compression Corner (1976)

An experimental study is described in which detailed mean-flow measurements are made in a shock waveboundary-layer interaction. The interaction is produced by a 24° compression corner mounted on the wall of the Princeton University high Reynolds number wind tunnel. The experiments are performed at Mach 2.85 and Redo = 1.33 million. A detailed mapping of the flowfield is presented, including separated region shape and location and velocity profiles. Results indicate a relatively straight zero-velocity line, a persistent downstream normal pressure gradient, and reverse velocities up to 16% of u^.
Compounds and methods for inhibiting mitotic progression (2006)

In this application, Millennium claims pyrimidoazepines, in particular N-aryl-(7-phenyl-5H-benzo[c]pyrimido[4,5-e]azepin-2-yl)-amino derivatives, as inhibitors of Aurora kinases. The claimed compounds display good potency (in most cases < 100 nM) in the enzymatic bioassay for Aurora-A inhibition and are indicated to be useful for the treatment of cancer and other proliferative disorders.
Multistep Microchemical Synthesis Enabled by Microfluidic Distillation (2009)

Eine mehrstufige Heck-Synthese im Flussverfahren wird dadurch möglich, dass Mikroreaktoren, Flüssig-flüssig-Extraktion und mikrofluidische Destillation gekoppelt werden. Durch die mikrofluidische Destillation lässt sich das Lösungsmittel des ersten Schritts, CH2Cl2, gegen N,N-Dimethylformamid (DMF), das Lösungsmittel für den abschließenden Schritt, austauschen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mitigation techniques for RFI due to broadband noise (2014)

Mobile computing devices such as Laptops, tablets, smartphones and the like mostly have GPS, WLAN, and cellular capabilities whose performance could be degraded in the presence of broadband noise in the receiver antennas vicinity due to integrated high speed buses and digital circuitry. Shielding, as a passive technique, has become a convention in the mobile wireless industry and we present here a study of its effectiveness particularly in the near-field (as inside a smartphone for instance). We also present some novel active techniques such as bus activity control and RFI data encoding. In the former one, the correlation that exists between the activity level of the bus and its noise coupled to the radio is used in an adaptive algorithm that indirectly estimates the noise affecting the data transmission and controls the bus activity level to meet some require SNR. In the latter one, line encoding is used to reduce the spectral contribution to RFI of a data bus at some specific frequency band. Using K to N (K <; N) codes, simulations show a reduction of the noise of more than 10dB.
Concept and implementation study of advanced DSP-based fiber-longitudinal optical power profile monitoring toward optical network tomography [Invited] (2021)

A new class of digital signal processing (DSP)-based fiber-longitudinal optical power profile monitor has recently been proposed and demonstrated toward optical network tomography that captures the whole physical status of an optical network, including in-span and wavelength-specific power profiles over a multi-span transmission light path. In this invited paper, we review the monitor that disentangles signal waveforms received by a standard digital coherent receiver to a distance-wise power profile over a multi-span transmission link and discuss its implementation aspect, including the advantages and limitations of its cloud/edge implementation, the dependency of the number representation in its algorithm, and a feasibility study on field-programmable gate array implementation.
Supplementary Data from Unique Neoantigens Arise from Somatic Mutations in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers (2023)

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A high dietary concentration of inulin is necessary to reduce the incidence of swine dysentery in pigs experimentally challenged withBrachyspira hyodysenteriae (2011)

A total of sixty surgically castrated male pigs (Large White × Landrace) weighing 31·2 (sd 4·3) kg were used in a randomised block experiment to examine the effect of added dietary inulin (0, 20, 40 and 80 g/kg) on the occurrence of swine dysentery (SD) and on fermentation characteristics in the large intestine after experimental challenge with the causative spirochaete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. The pigs were allowed to adapt to the diets for 2 weeks before each pig was challenged orally four times with a broth culture containing B. hyodysenteriae on consecutive days. Increasing dietary levels of inulin linearly (P = 0·001) reduced the risk of pigs developing SD; however, eight out of fifteen pigs fed the diet with 80 g/kg inulin still developed the disease. The pH values in the caecum (P = 0·072) tended to decrease, and in the upper colon, the pH values did decrease (P = 0·047) linearly with increasing inulin levels in the diets, most probably due to a linear increase in the concentration of total volatile fatty acids in the caecum (P = 0·018), upper colon (P = 0·001) and lower colon (P = 0·013). In addition, there was a linear reduction in the proportion of the branched-chain fatty acids isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the caecum (P = 0·015 and 0·026) and upper colon (P = 0·011 and 0·013) with increasing levels of dietary inulin. In conclusion, the present study showed that a diet supplemented with a high level of inulin (80 g/kg) but not lower levels reduced the risk of pigs developing SD, possibly acting through a modification of the microbial fermentation patterns in the large intestine.
Classification of deletions and identification of cryptic translocations involving 7q by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (1996)

Monosomy 7 (-7) and deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7, del(7q), are frequent non-random findings in the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), particularly associated with therapy-related disease (t-MDS and t-AML). The cytogenetic breakpoints of 7q deletions are variable, with both terminal and interstitial deletions reported. It is now believed that most deletions are interstitial, and that the variability in reported breakpoints may be due to the difficulty in determining whether the terminal, pale staining G band is present. It has also been suggested that some reported deletions of 7q may be cryptic translocations. To address these questions, we carried out fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies on leukaemic cells from a large series of patients using a chromosome 7-specific paint and a 7q telomere-specific probe. Of the 26 cases studied, seven were 'pure' deletions (ie without the involvement of other chromosomes); four were interstitial and two terminal. One further patient had two clones each with a different deletion: one with a terminal del(7)(q22) and the second with an interstitial del(7)(q32-qter). A further nine cases had unbalanced translocations with deletion of 7q terminal sequences. The remaining 10 cases were translocations and complex rearrangements, some involving interstitial deletions of 7q. In two cases in which del(7q) was reported as the sole cytogenetic abnormality by G-banding, FISH revealed cryptic translocations involving 7q.
Basic characteristics of a 4kW permanent-magnet type bearingless slice motor for centrifugal pump system (2008)

A new highly integrated 2times3 phase power electronics with digital controller is designed and implemented based on an existing 4 kW permanent-magnet type bearingless slice motor (BSM) with centrifugal pump developed by Levitronix GmbH Zurich. Firstly, general schematic and functional principle of bearingless slice motor pump system are briefly introduced. Secondly, analytical aspects of the bearingless slice motor concerning the arrangement of stator windings, generation of radial force and control strategy are demonstrated. Basic characteristics of the bearingless pump system are derived through experimental tests. Radial position deviation of rotor is within 300 mum when its rotational speed varies from 0 to 5400 rpm under water load. Experimental results show the validity of the performed controller and the investigated BSM system.
Microscopic Analysis of Quantum-Confined Stark Effect of Group IV Quantum Wells for Mid-Infrared Si-Based Electroabsorption Modulators (2015)

Quantum-confined Stark effect of Ge(Sn)/SiGe(Sn) quantum wells (QWs) is analyzed by many-body theory. Calculated absorption spectra of Ge/SiGe-QWs are in good agreement with the experiment. Also, the effect of Sn-incorporation is investigated for mid-infrared applications.
2.2 A 780mW 4&#x00D7;28Gb/s transceiver for 100GbE gearbox PHY in 40nm CMOS (2014)

Network traffic speeds are increasing to meet the demands of data centers and network operators to support data-rich services like video streaming and social media. This has accelerated the adoption of 100Gb/s connectivity from the present 10Gb/s and 40Gb/s rates. One challenge that remains is the high power consumption of 100Gb/s systems. As mentioned in [1], power dissipation of the 100GbE gearbox transceiver is a significant portion of the optical module power. This paper demonstrates a low-power quad-lane 20-to-28Gb/s transceiver targeting 100GbE/40GbE (IEEE 802.3ba) standard. The transceiver features a low-jitter TX, half-rate calibrated RX slicer with folded active inductor and a wide-range PLL (20 to 28GHz) with low-power half-rate clock driver using programmable distributed inductors. It operates from a standard 0.9V supply and the power consumption for line-side transceiver is 780mW for 28Gb/s. Additionally the chipset integrates a system interface that is CAUI-compliant, composed of a 10-lane data bus operating at 9.95 to 11.2Gb/s. In default mode it converts 100GbE (10×10 Gb/s) signal to a 4×25Gb/s line signal and vice versa. The line-side interface can also be reconfigured as 40GbE, with both line- and system-side operating at 4×11.2Gb/s.
Analysis of Emissions Profiles of Hydraulic Fracturing Engine Technologies (2023)

Today, the oil and gas industry, and in particular hydraulic fracturing operations, have come under increasing pressure from regulators and the public to reduce emissions. As the industry evolves, oil and gas producers are in the position of evaluating alternative technologies which will support their objectives of reducing their overall emissions profile and carbon footprint. As a response, the deployment of technology and solutions to reduce emissions related to hydraulic fracturing applications has recently accelerated, creating various options to address these industry challenges. BJ Energy Solutions and West Virginia University have been working on the application and emissions characterization of various hydraulic fracturing technologies. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and resultant emissions from various technologies, including natural gas reciprocating engines, diesel-natural gas dual-fuel engines, large (>24 MW) gas turbines, and direct drive turbines. The study involved the development of an emissions model with the purpose of estimating total emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and exhaust methane (CH4) slip, all Greenhouse Gases (GHGs), and converted to tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per day of operation. The model inputs are the required Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP) based on pumping rate and pressure for various shale play scenarios. The model calculates emissions from the TITAN, which is a direct-drive turbine model fielded by BJ, using data collected following U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) testing protocols. The model also calculates and compares other hydraulic fracturing technologies utilizing published Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) data. Relevant EPA-regulated criteria emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Particulate Matter (PM) are also reported. Modeling results demonstrated that in most cases, the TITAN gas turbine system has lower total GHG emissions than conventional diesel and other next-generation technologies, and also has lower criteria emissions. The benefits of the TITAN gas turbine system compared to the other technologies stems from significantly lower methane slip, and the high-power transfer efficiency resulting from directly connecting a turbine to a reciprocating pump, despite the comparatively lower thermal efficiency.
P‐80: Controlling the Threshold Voltage of SSFLCDs Using Polymer Networks (1998)

Abstract In this research, we have reported a method to realize grayscale operation of SSFLCDs by controlling the threshold voltage of the samples. The control of the threshold voltage is achieved by forming liquid crystalline polymer networks in a FLC cell using a UV curable liquid crystalline monomer. It is found that the threshold voltage of the samples decreases with increasing the concentration of the doped monomer. These results indicate that, if the amount of the polymer network formed in a FLC medium is varied from a region to a region in one pixel, we can get a quasi‐multi‐stable SSFLCD, resulting in a grayscale operation of the device by a passive matrix addressing.
Site-directed regiocontrolled synthesis of a ‘head-to-head’ photodimer via a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation involving a linear template (2002)

Co-crystallisation of 1,8-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (1,8-nap) with trans-1-(3-pyridyl)-2-(4-pyridyl)ethylene (3,4-bpe) gives a discrete molecular solid-state assembly, 2(3,4-bpe).2(1,8-nap) 1, that is held together by four O-H...N hydrogen bonds wherein the diacid directs a regiocontrolled [2 + 2] photodimerization; the reaction occurs by way of a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation.