gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Letters to the Editor (1994)

Journal Article Letters to the Editor: Age-Standardization in Epidemiological Data Get access CATHERINE A CARSON, CATHERINE A CARSON *University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royaj Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital32 Gisborne St. East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HUGH R TAYLOR, HUGH R TAYLOR *University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royaj Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital32 Gisborne St. East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DANIEL J McCARTY, DANIEL J McCARTY **International Diabetes InstituteCaulfield, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PAUL ZIMMET PAUL ZIMMET **International Diabetes InstituteCaulfield, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 23, Issue 3, June 1994, Pages 643–644, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/23.3.643 Published: 01 June 1994
Urethral bulking with native tissue during artificial urinary sphincter surgery. (2023)

The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is the "gold standard" surgical treatment for severe stress urinary incontinence. However, a subset of patients with frail urethras may require technical adjuncts to ensure optimal cuff function. Our objective is to provide a detailed tutorial of our institution's method for performing urethral bulking with native tissue in patients with frail urethras during AUS surgery. We have found that urethral bulking with native tissue provides a cost-efficient and durable technique for improved AUS cuff coaptation. Our experience demonstrates adequate short and intermediate term efficacy with limited complications. These techniques equip surgeons with an alternative surgical approach for appropriate patients receiving AUS surgery who have been previously exposed to pelvic radiation and/or significant surgical morbidity resulting in frail urethral tissue.
Figure S4 from A Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-3 (SST<sub>3</sub>) Peptide Agonist Shows Antitumor Effects in Experimental Models of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Cell viability in response to SST3-agonists and antagonists in NFPTs primary cell cultures, measured by Alamar-blue reduction.&lt;/p&gt;
Access to Compound Collections (2015)

Research institutes and pharmaceutical companies nowadays consider themselves as equal partners with complementary expertise and focus. Under such circumstances, one can truly speak of a virtually integrated research model incorporating the potential to jointly produce solutions for unmet medical needs. This chapter covers creative new ways to access novel chemical starting points for medicinal chemistry projects beyond pharmaceutical industry's legacy compound collections. In risk-sharing business models, both the chemistry acquirer and the chemistry provider share the risk of investment in new chemical matter and also the chances of success these compounds may bring. In the field of compound libraries and HTS, pharmaceutical companies are willing to share their screening collections. In addition to risk-sharing models and library exchange, the pharmaceutical industry has taken another step forward by sharing proprietary compound collections for external screening campaigns, either through precompetitive consortia models or with individual academic institutions and/or small biotech companies.
Angular dependence of surface-relief gratings for solar and lighting applications (2011)

Transmission gratings that combine a large diffraction angle with a high diffraction efficiency and low angular and wavelength dispersion can be used to concentrate sunlight in a light guide and for lighting applications. Surface-relief gratings with sub-wavelength grating periods can have these properties. In this paper we study their diffraction efficiency for general conical angles of incidence. We show the presence of regions in the space of incident angles where light is efficiently coupled into or out of total internal reflection. It is demonstrated how this distribution of the diffraction efficiency over angular space can be adjusted by changing the grating geometry. Finally, these properties are qualitatively verified using holographically produced surface relief gratings.
AMP (2021)

Advances in graphics and machine learning have led to the general availability of easy-to-use tools for modifying and synthesizing media. The proliferation of these tools threatens to cast doubt on the veracity of all media. One approach to thwarting the flow of fake media is to detect modified or synthesized media through machine learning methods. While detection may help in the short term, we believe that it is destined to fail as the quality of fake media generation continues to improve. Soon, neither humans nor algorithms will be able to reliably distinguish fake versus real content. Thus, pipelines for assuring the source and integrity of media will be required---and increasingly relied upon. We present AMP, a system that ensures the authentication of media via certifying provenance. AMP creates one or more publisher-signed manifests for a media instance uploaded by a content provider. These manifests are stored in a database allowing fast lookup from applications such as browsers. For reference, the manifests are also registered and signed by a permissioned ledger, implemented using the Confidential Consortium Framework (CCF). CCF employs both software and hardware techniques to ensure the integrity and transparency of all registered manifests. AMP, through its use of CCF, enables a consortium of media providers to govern the service while making all its operations auditable. The authenticity of the media can be communicated to the user via visual elements in the browser, indicating that an AMP manifest has been successfully located and verified.
PET studies of the glial cell marker TSPO in psychosis patients - a meta-analysis using individual participant data (2017)

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that the immune system may be an important target for new treatment approaches in schizophrenia. Positron emission tomography (PET) and radioligands binding to the translocator protein (TSPO), which is expressed in glial cells in brain including immune cells, represents a potential method for patient stratification and treatment monitoring. This study examined if patients with first episode psychosis and schizophrenia had altered TSPO levels as compared to healthy control subjects. Methods: PubMed was searched for studies comparing patients with psychosis to healthy controls using second-generation TSPO radioligands. The outcome measure was distribution volume (V T ), an index of TSPO levels, in frontal cortex (FC), temporal cortex (TC) and hippocampus (HIP). Bayes factors (BF) were applied to examine the relative support for higher, lower or no-change of TSPO levels in patients as compared to healthy controls. Results: Five studies, with 75 patients with first-episode psychosis or schizophrenia and 77 healthy control subjects were included. BF showed strong support for lower patient V T relative to no-change (all BF&gt;32) or relative to an increase (all BF&gt;422) in all brain regions. From the posterior distributions, mean patient-control differences in standardized V T values were −0.48 for FC (95% credible interval (CredInt)=-0.88 to −0.09), −0.47 for TC (CredInt=−0.87 to −0.07) and −0.63 for HIP (CredInt=−1.00 to −0.25). Discussion: The observed reduction of TPSO in compared to control subjects in patients may correspond to altered function or lower density of brain immune cells. Future studies should focus on investigating the underlying biological mechanisms and their relevance for treatment.
Soundscape Analysis of Bird Songs in Forests Using Microphone Arrays (2020)

In ecoacoustics, autonomous recording unit (ARU) is recognized as a powerful tool because it enables us to obtain long-term acoustic data. We believe that sound localization techniques using multiple microphone arrays further contribute to understanding of acoustic events or structure of soundscapes in fields. We aim to examine the applicability of HARKBird, an integrated framework to extract sound sources and their direction of arrivals (DOA) using robot audition techniques with microphone arrays, to the soundscape analysis of birdsongs. We consider novel uses of the information obtained from microphone arrays to characterize the dynamics of soundscape of birdsongs quantitatively in view of different spatial and temporal resolutions. Specifically, we conducted a field recording in California with a simple networked recording system. We propose the variance of DOA (VDOA) of songs as an ecoacoustic index. It could reflect the spatial property of soundscape, compared with the acoustic complexity index (ACI), and the combination of them could better describe the soundscape in more detail. Furthermore, we estimated the spatial position of birdsongs and successfully grasped the situation in which multiple species and individuals sang at several positions.
Evaluation of the Painful Athletic Hip: Imaging Options and Imaging-Guided Injections (2012)

In the evaluation of sports-related hip symptoms, MR arthrography is often used to evaluate intraarticular pathology of the hip. The addition of short- and long-acting anesthetic agents with the MR arthrography injection adds additional information that can distinguish between symptomatic and asymptomatic imaging findings. Osseous abnormalities can be characterized with radiography, MRI, or CT. Ultrasound is important in the assessment of iliopsoas abnormalities, including tendon snapping, and to guide diagnostic anesthetic injection.
WE‐D‐BRF‐01: FEATURED PRESENTATION – Investigating Particle Track Structures Using Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detectors and Monte Carlo Simulations (2014)

Purpose: To report on the efforts funded by the AAPM seed funding grant to develop the basis for fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD) based radiobiological experiments in combination with dedicated Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) on the nanometer scale. Methods: Two confocal microscopes were utilized in this study. Two FNTD samples were used to find the optimal microscope settings, one FNTD irradiated with 11.1 MeV/u Gold ions and one irradiated with 428.77 MeV/u Carbon ions. The first sample provided a brightly luminescent central track while the latter is used to test the capabilities to observe secondary electrons. MCS were performed using TOPAS beta9 version, layered on top of Geant4.9.6p02. Two sets of simulations were performed, one with the Geant4‐DNA physics list and approximating the FNTDs by water, a second set using the Penelope physics list in a water‐approximated FNTD and a aluminum‐oxide FNTD. Results: Within the first half of the funding period, we have successfully established readout capabilities of FNTDs at our institute. Due to technical limitations, our microscope setup is significantly different from the approach implemented at the DKFZ, Germany. However, we can clearly reconstruct Carbon tracks in 3D with electron track resolution of 200 nm. A second microscope with superior readout capabilities will be tested in the second half of the funding period, we expect an improvement in signal to background ratio with the same the resolution.We have successfully simulated tracks in FNTDs. The more accurate Geant4‐DNA track simulations can be used to reconstruct the track energy from the size and brightness of the observed tracks. Conclusion: We have achieved the goals set in the seed funding proposal: the setup of FNTD readout and simulation capabilities. We will work on improving the readout resolution to validate our MCS track structures down to the nanometer scales.
Crazy Sequential Representations: Base 11 (0000 up to AAAA) (2019)

Abstract not available.
Assaying Pluripotency Via Teratoma Formation (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and Background Methodology: Host Strain Selection Teratoma Formation Analysis of Pluripotent Cell-Derived Masses References
Radioimmunoassay for etorphine in horses with a 125I analog of etorphine (1988)

To improve the sensitivity and specificity of screening for etorphine in horses, an 125I-labeled etorphine analog was synthesized and an antibody to etorphine was raised in rabbits. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for etorphine was developed, using these reagents. Bound and free 125I-labeled etorphine was separated by a double-antibody method that reduced interference from materials associated with equine urine. The 125I-labeled etorphine binding was rarely greater than 250 pg of background etorphine equivalents/ml in raw urine and was 100 pg/ml in hydrolyzed urine. The 125I-RIA was capable of detecting etorphine equivalents in urine above these background values. Etorphine equivalents were detected in equine urine samples for about 7 days after 4 mares were dosed with 0.22 microgram of etorphine/kg of body weight, IV. The stability of etorphine in urine from these mares was evaluated. Urine from these dosed mares was held in constant -20 C storage, and aliquots were repeatedly frozen and thawed. When analyzed for etorphine equivalents using an 125I-RIA, etorphine and its metabolites in urine samples were stable for less than or equal to 38 days if continuously frozen and also were resistant to repeated freezing and thawing.
Magnetic hyperthermia adjunctive therapy for fungi: in vitro studies against Candida albicans (2019)

The poor penetration of anti-fungal agents into the cornea through the intact epithelium layer makes it difficult to treat acute fungal corneal infections. Herein, we developed Amphotret (amphotericin B) antifungal drug contained polycaprolactone-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (PCL-FO) magnetic nanofibers (MNFs) using the electrospinning technique. These MNFs generate heat in the presence of AC magnetic field (AMF) and release drug upon heating. MNFs were compatible with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and HeLa cells, which exhibited unaltered proliferation, ruling out any toxicity from the systems. Hyperthermia induced via MNFs from 42 °C to 50 °C compromised the viability of <i>Candida albicans</i> cells. Further, the efficacy of the systems was increased in the presence of both heat and drug simultaneously <i>in vitro</i>, leading to near 100% loss in viability of <i>C. albicans</i> cells at 50 °C with simultaneous drug release from MNFs. Thus, we propose magnetic hyperthermia as adjunctive therapy for fungal keratitis.
Recoverable and recyclable chiral organic catalysts (2006)

In the present perspective article a few selected, significant works reported in the field of supported chiral organic catalysts will be presented, with a special attention to the papers appeared that after 2002. A few considerations on the methodologies, the future and the problems related to the immobilization of chiral organic catalysts will also be briefly discussed.
Biodistribution and Clearance of Liposomal Gadolinium-DTPA (1990)

Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) liposomes have been studied previously as liver contrast agents and have been shown to improve the detection of hepatic metastases in rats. We synthesized 100-nm and 50-nm liposomes that encapsulated Gd-DTPA and did biodistribution and clearance studies in rats. Parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were also done. Biodistribution showed a prolonged blood pool phase for Gd-DTPA liposomes with a blood pool half-life of approximately 4 hours for the 100-nm liposomes. The highest uptake per gram of tissue was achieved by the spleen. Clearance of gadolinium from the liver and spleen showed a half-life of 3 to 4 days. The smaller 50-nm Gd-DTPA liposomes resulted in a longer blood pool phase and a higher delivery of gadolinium to the liver, bone marrow, and spleen. Imaging studies after intravenous (IV) administration of liposomal Gd-DTPA showed organ enhancement that paralleled the data on biodistribution studies, with appreciable hepatic enhancement at doses as low as 0.025 mm/kg of liposomal Gd-DTPA.
Towards industrial exploitation of innovative and harmonized production systems (2016)

Industrial competitiveness today means shorter product lifecycles, increased product variety and shorter time-to-market. To face this challenge, the manufacturing industry is forced by different initiatives, namely Internet of Things, Industrie 4.0 and Cyber-Physical System to move from traditional control approaches towards intelligent manufacturing control systems that are dynamically adaptable to changing production environment and flexible to different processing tasks. For years several emergent intelligent approaches such as Multi-Agent Systems, Service-oriented Architecture, Plug-and-Produce systems and Cloud technologies have been developed in a variety of research fields. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art methodologies and technologies of flexible and reconfigurable manufacturing systems outlining the differences between them and arising benefits within the vision of the PERFoRM (Production harmonizEd Reconfiguration of Flexible Robots and Machinery) project. Current trends and challenges in industrial implementation of these methodologies are reported and research opportunities are described.
Inferring within-herd transmission parameters for African swine fever virus using mortality data from outbreaks in the Russian Federation (2017)

Mortality data are routinely collected for many livestock and poultry species, and they are often used for epidemiological purposes, including estimating transmission parameters. In this study, we infer transmission rates for African swine fever virus (ASFV), an important transboundary disease of swine, using mortality data collected from nine pig herds in the Russian Federation with confirmed outbreaks of ASFV. Parameters in a stochastic model for the transmission of ASFV within a herd were estimated using approximate Bayesian computation. Estimates for the basic reproduction number varied amongst herds, ranging from 4.4 to 17.3. This was primarily a consequence of differences in transmission rate (range: 0.7-2.2), but also differences in the mean infectious period (range: 4.5-8.3 days). We also found differences amongst herds in the mean latent period (range: 5.8-9.7 days). Furthermore, our results suggest that ASFV could be circulating in a herd for several weeks before a substantial increase in mortality is observed in a herd, limiting the usefulness of mortality data as a means of early detection of an outbreak. However, our results also show that mortality data are a potential source of data from which to infer transmission parameters, at least for diseases which cause high mortality.
The impact of an educational tool in cervix image registration across three imaging modalities (2022)

This work helps evaluate training methods for novel roles that are developing in MRgRT.
Probe Based Surface Modification of Polymers Below 30 nm Pitch (2010)

Heated probes are used to modify the surface of polymeric thin films by thermomechanical indentation and local evaporation of material. The resolution of the processes is discussed for probe-storage and surface patterning-applications. As storage densities exceed 1 Tbit/in2, the depth of the indents becomes comparable to the natural surface roughness of the polymer. By templating an atomically flat surface this limitation can be overcome, enabling storage densities of up to 4 Tbit/in2, corresponding to an indentation half-pitch of 7.5 nm.
Novel targets and approaches in advanced prostate cancer (2007)

Even though hormone-refractory prostate cancer is still incurable, it is not untreatable. As cancer cells are proficient at adapting to therapeutic stressors, a combination regimen with drugs that target crucial cellular networks like the apoptotic rheostat may be more promising than treatment with highly selective single-target agents. Recent findings are very hopeful, but challenges remain to demonstrate effective antitumour activity in phase III trials with survival as the principal endpoint.
Data from Milatuzumab–SN-38 Conjugates for the Treatment of CD74<sup>+</sup> Cancers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;CD74 is an attractive target for antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), because it internalizes and recycles after antibody binding. CD74 mostly is associated with hematologic tumors but is expressed also in solid cancers. Therefore, ADCs of the humanized anti-CD74 antibody, milatuzumab, were examined for the therapy of CD74-expressing solid tumors. Milatuzumab–doxorubicin and two milatuzumab–SN-38 conjugates with cleavable linkers, differing in their stability in serum and how they release SN-38 in the lysosome, were prepared. CD74 expression was determined by flow cytometry and immunohistology. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; cytotoxicity and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; therapeutic studies were conducted in the human cancer cell lines A-375 (melanoma), HuH-7 and Hep-G2 (hepatoma), Capan-1 (pancreatic), NCI-N87 (gastric), and Raji Burkitt lymphoma. The milatuzumab–SN-38 ADC was compared with SN-38 ADCs prepared with anti-Trop-2 and anti-CEACAM6 antibodies in xenografts expressing their target antigens. Milatuzumab–doxorubicin was most effective in the lymphoma model, whereas in A-375 and Capan-1 solid tumors, only milatuzumab–SN-38 showed a therapeutic benefit. Despite much lower surface expression of CD74 than Trop-2 or CEACAM6, milatuzumab–SN-38 had similar efficacy in Capan-1 as anti-Trop-2–SN-38, but in NCI-N87, anti-CEACAM6 and anti-Trop-2 conjugates were superior. Studies in two hepatoma lines at a single dose level showed significant benefit over saline controls but not against an irrelevant immunoglobulin G conjugate. CD74 is a suitable target for ADCs in some solid tumor xenografts, with efficacy largely influenced by uniformity of CD74 expression and with SN-38 conjugates providing the best therapeutic responses; SN-38 conjugates were preferable in solid cancers, whereas doxorubicin ADC was better in lymphoma tested. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 12(6); 968–78. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Extension of Two-Signal Spurious-Free Dynamic Range of Wideband Digital Receivers Using Kaiser Window and Compensation Method (2007)

One of the most major trends in modern microwave signals is the shift toward wider bandwidths. Analog wideband receiver designs can provide accommodation of the technology-stressing bandwidths, but come up to a cost of reduced flexibility. Digital approaches, alternatively, provide flexibility in receiver signal processing, but they are limited by analog-to-digital converter resolution and power consumption. In this paper, design and implementation of a 1-GHz signal bandwidth digital receiver, which uses the Kaiser window function and compensation technique, is presented. The Kaiser window reduces the spectral leakage by eliminating the discontinuities at the time window edges and the compensation uncovers the weak signal for extension of the two-signal spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of the receiver. The combination of both techniques extends the two-signal SFDR of the receiver to 24 dB. A novel hardware implementation of the Kaiser window and the compensation method is presented