gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From audio-only to audio and video text-to-speech (2004)

Assessing the quality of Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems is a complex problem due to the many modules involved that address different subtasks during synthesis. Adding face synthesis – the animation of a “talking head ” and its rendering to video – to a TTS system makes evaluation even more difficult. In the case of talking heads, today, we are at the infancy of research towards evaluating such systems. This paper reports on progress made with the AT&amp;amp;T sample-based Visual TTS (VTTS) system. Our system incorporates unit-selection synthesis (now well known from Audio TTS) and a moderate-size recorded database of video segments that are modified and concatenated to render the desired output. Given the high quality the system achieves, we feel for the first time that we are close to passing the Turing test, that is, that we are almost able to synthesize “talking heads ” that look like recordings of real people. We demonstrate this point in applications, either over the web (client/server), or in stand-alone form, in a kiosk setting. Several steps are necessary to assure a very high quality sample based VTTS system. First, highly accurate image analysis tools are important for creating the necessary video clip databases. The problem is compounded by the fact that facial videos cannot be stored whole due to unfavorable combinatorics: for a given synthetic sequence, it is very unlikely that a whole face video clip contains the correct mouth sequence, the appropriate eye sequence, and also a suitable “background ” face, given what we want to synthesize. Consequently, separate parts of a synthetic face need to be accessible independently from each other
Thermo-optically active planar polymeric components for telecommunication applications (2000)

A key property that differentiates optical polymers from more conventional optical materials such as glass, is the rapid variation of the refractive index with temperature. This large difference in dn/dT can be leveraged to produce efficient thermo-optically active optical components. An advanced polymeric waveguide technology was developed for affordable thermo-optically active integrated optical devices that address the needs of the telecom industry. We engineered high-performance organic polymers that can be readily made into single-mode waveguide structures of controlled geometries and of modal profiles that closely match standard telecom glass fibers. These materials are formed from highly-crosslinked halogenated acrylate monomers with specific linkages that determined properties such as flexibility, toughness, optical loss, thermal stability, and humidity resistance. These monomers are intermiscible, providing for precise continuous adjustment of the refractive index over a wide range. In polymer form, they exhibit state-of-the-art loss values, suppressed polarization effects, and exceptional environmental stability. The devices we describe include thermally tunable Bragg-grating-based wavelength filters, thermally tunable arrayed-waveguide gratings, and digital optical switches.
Electrochemiluminescent Peptide Nucleic Acid-Like Monomers Containing Ru(II)–Dipyridoquinoxaline and Ru(II)–Dipyridophenazine Complexes (2011)

A series of Ru(II)-peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-like monomers, [Ru(bpy)(2)(dpq-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M1), [Ru(phen)(2)(dpq-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M2), [Ru(bpy)(2)(dppz-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M3), and [Ru(phen)(2)(dppz-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M4) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, dpq-L-PNA-OH = 2-(N-(2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)ethyl)-6-(dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-11-carboxamido)hexanamido)acetic acid, dppz-L-PNA-OH = 2-(N-(2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl) methoxy)carbonylamino)ethyl)-6-(dipyrido[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2-carboxamido)acetic acid) have been synthesized and characterized by IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. As is typical for Ru(II)-tris(diimine) complexes, acetonitrile solutions of these complexes (M1-M4) show MLCT transitions in the 443-455 nm region and emission maxima at 618, 613, 658, and 660 nm, respectively, upon photoexcitation at 450 nm. Changes in the ligand environment around the Ru(II) center are reflected in the luminescence and electrochemical response obtained from these monomers. The emission intensity and quantum yield for M1 and M2 were found to be higher than for M3 and M4. Electrochemical studies in acetonitrile show the Ru(II)-PNA monomers to undergo a one-electron redox process associated with Ru(II) to Ru(III) oxidation. A positive shift was observed in the reversible redox potentials for M1-M4 (962, 951, 936, and 938 mV, respectively, vs Fc(0/+) (Fc = ferrocene)) in comparison with [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) (888 mV vs Fc(0/+)). The ability of the Ru(II)-PNA monomers to generate electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was assessed in acetonitrile solutions containing tripropylamine (TPA) as a coreactant. Intense ECL signals were observed with emission maxima for M1-M4 at 622, 616, 673, and 675 nm, respectively. At an applied potential sufficiently positive to oxidize the ruthenium center, the integrated intensity for ECL from the PNA monomers was found to vary in the order M1 (62%) > M3 (60%) > M4 (46%) > M2 (44%) with respect to [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) (100%). These findings indicate that such Ru(II)-PNA bioconjugates could be investigated as multimodal labels for biosensing applications.
Revised Error Handling for BGP UPDATE Messages (2015)

According to the base BGP specification, a BGP speaker that receives an UPDATE message containing a malformed attribute is required to reset the session over which the offending attribute was received. This behavior is undesirable because a session reset would impact not only routes with the offending attribute but also other valid routes exchanged over the session. This document partially revises the error handling for UPDATE messages and provides guidelines for the authors of documents defining new attributes. Finally, it revises the error handling procedures for a number of existing attributes.
Bright White‐Light Emitting Manganese and Copper Co‐Doped ZnSe Quantum Dots (2011)

Doppelt dotierte Quantenpunkte (QDs) mit hoch effizienter Weißlichtemission (17 %) wurden durch eine einfache Heißinjektionsmethode synthetisiert (siehe Bild). Die Erzeugung der Weißlichtemission erforderte eine sorgfältige Anpassung der Synthesestrategie für die Codotierung des Wirtmaterials – ZnSe-QDs – mit Mn und Cu.
A 120-GHz, 1.58-mm2 Multiplying Outphasing Transmitter in 22nm FDSOI (2022)

A multiplying outphasing transmitter (MOT) based on a reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) and multiplier chain is demonstrated at 120 GHz. The input signal is split into two paths with a lumped element Wilkinson power divider and two differential RTPS phase shift the signal for outphasing modulation. The prototype MOT is fabricated in Global Foundries 22nm FDSOI CMOS process and the measured transmitter performance achieves 1.4% DC-to-RF efficiency with 5.9 dBm output power at 116.4GHz.
Micro-RNA Expression and Function in Lymphomas (2011)

The recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has introduced a new layer of complexity to the process of gene regulation. MiRNAs are essential for cellular function, and their dysregulation often results in disease. Study of miRNA expression and function in animal models and human lymphomas has improved our knowledge of the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disease. In this paper, we attempt to describe the expression of miRNAs and their function in lymphomas and discuss potential miRNA-based therapies in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphomas.
Author Correction: Cooperative nutrient accumulation sustains growth of mammalian cells (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Toward Creation of a Universal NMR Database for Stereochemical Assignment: The Case of 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Acyclic Systems (2000)

Using the diastereoisomeric triols 1a – d (Fig. 1) and examples summarized in Fig. 2, the central C-atom of acyclic 1,3,5-triols is demonstrated to exhibit a distinctive chemical shift that is dependent on the 1,3- and 3,5-relative configuration, but is independent of the functionalities present outside of this structural motif. These NMR characteristics are then used to predict the relative configuration of several natural products (Fig. 7). In addition, an example is given to show the possibility of assembling an NMR database for a larger array of functional groups from NMR databases of smaller arrays of functional groups.
ASIC: Aligning Sparse in-the-wild Image Collections (2023)

We present a method for joint alignment of sparse in-the-wild image collections of an object category. Most prior works assume either ground-truth keypoint annotations or a large dataset of images of a single object category. However, neither of the above assumptions hold true for the long-tail of the objects present in the world. We present a self-supervised technique that directly optimizes on a sparse collection of images of a particular object/object category to obtain consistent dense correspondences across the collection. We use pairwise nearest neighbors obtained from deep features of a pre-trained vision transformer (ViT) model as noisy and sparse keypoint matches and make them dense and accurate matches by optimizing a neural network that jointly maps the image collection into a learned canonical grid. Experiments on CUB and SPair-71k benchmarks demonstrate that our method can produce globally consistent and higher quality correspondences across the image collection when compared to existing self-supervised methods. Code and other material will be made available at \url{https://kampta.github.io/asic}.
The impact of variability on power (2004)

The integrated circuit manufacturing process has inevitable imperfections and fluctuations that result in ever-growing systematic and random variations in the electrical parameters of active and passive devices fabricated. The impact of such variations on various aspects of chip performance has been the subject of numerous papers, and techniques for analyzing and dealing with such variability-broadly labelled design for manufacturability are emerging as the next hot topic in this area.
Heavy Oil Recovery by Liquid CO2/Water Injection (2007)

Abstract Alaska's North Slope reservoirs contain a massive heavy oil resource. There has been some success producing the less viscous crudes in the West Sak formation by waterflooding and water-alternating-gas injection. CO2 injection could also have potential applications as an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process with the added benefit of providing a solution to the problem of produced CO2 present in the associated gas. CO2 is generally in supercritical state in normal reservoir conditions. However, permafrost causes an unusually low reservoir temperature and as a result CO2 will be in liquid state for these heavy oil fields. In this study we consider West Sak reservoir and investigate different injection strategies in which available water and CO2 can be utilized individually or combined for EOR and CO2 storage purposes. A three-phase, threedimensional, black oil simulator was constructed accounting for the oil swelling and viscosity reduction due to dissolution of liquid CO2. The results indicate that a combination of water and CO2 injection could be an attractive recovery method from the West Sak with higher oil recovery obtained when CO2 and water injection carried out early in the production life of the reservoir. If depletion precedes CO2 injection, CO2 storage is at its maximum. The recovery under liquid CO2 injection was almost the same as that of water flood due to its reduced mobility compared to CO2 gas. Water-Alternating-CO2 injection and Simultaneous-Water-CO2 injection showed significant improvement compared to water or CO2 injection alone. At Water-Alternating-CO2 (volumetric) ratio less than one, lower CO2 is required and higher CO2 storage per standard barrel of produced oil is obtained if CO2 is injected at higher rate for shorter period. Whist at Water-Alternating-CO2 ratio greater than one, reducing duration of CO2 injection favoured oil recovery but lowered CO2 retention factor compared to lowering CO2 injection rate.
Unlocking Resource Plays in Egypt - Opportunities and Challenges (2013)

Abstract Resource plays are at the centre of worldwide attention following the rapid growth in tight and shale gas production in North America over the last 5 years. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges that the exploration, appraisal and development of resource plays can bring to Egypt. Resource plays are defined in this paper as "technically difficult to extract" hydrocarbons found in tight sandstones, carbonates and shales. As the energy demand is increasing in Egypt and oil and gas production from the conventional development asset base is declining, resource plays may hold the future for Egypt's energy supply. Resource plays are attractive because they typically have relatively low exploration risks, material in-place and recoverable volumes, long lasting production and can often utilize available ullage in existing infrastructure and facilities. Unlocking these plays, however, also pose significant challenges. This paper will 1) summarize learning's from North America projects and how they may apply in Egypt, 2) investigate the key technical challenges of resource plays and 3) examines the current regulatory and contractor landscape and its opportunities and hurdles for resource plays.
In Vivo PET Imaging of Monocytes Labeled with [89Zr]Zr-PLGA-NH2 Nanoparticles in Tumor and Staphylococcus aureus Infection Models (2021)

The exponential growth of research on cell-based therapy is in major need of reliable and sensitive tracking of a small number of therapeutic cells to improve our understanding of the in vivo cell-targeting properties. <sup>111</sup>In-labeled poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) with a primary amine endcap nanoparticles ([<sup>111</sup>In]In-PLGA-NH<sub>2</sub> NPs) were previously used for cell labeling and in vivo tracking, using SPECT/CT imaging. However, to detect a low number of cells, a higher sensitivity of PET is preferred. Therefore, we developed <sup>89</sup>Zr-labeled NPs for ex vivo cell labeling and in vivo cell tracking, using PET/MRI. We intrinsically and efficiently labeled PLGA-NH<sub>2</sub> NPs with [<sup>89</sup>Zr]ZrCl<sub>4</sub>. In vitro, [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr-PLGA-NH<sub>2</sub> NPs retained the radionuclide over a period of 2 weeks in PBS and human serum. THP-1 (human monocyte cell line) cells could be labeled with the NPs and retained the radionuclide over a period of 2 days, with no negative effect on cell viability (specific activity 279 ± 10 kBq/10<sup>6</sup> cells). PET/MRI imaging could detect low numbers of [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr-THP-1 cells (10,000 and 100,000 cells) injected subcutaneously in Matrigel. Last, in vivo tracking of the [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr-THP-1 cells upon intravenous injection showed specific accumulation in local intramuscular <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infection and infiltration into MDA-MB-231 tumors. In conclusion, we showed that [<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr-PLGA-NH<sub>2</sub> NPs can be used for immune-cell labeling and subsequent in vivo tracking of a small number of cells in different disease models.
Structural Requirements for the Ubiquitin-associated Domain of the mRNA Export Factor Mex67 to Bind Its Specific Targets, the Transcription Elongation THO Complex Component Hpr1 and Nucleoporin FXFG Repeats (2009)

The ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain of the principal Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA nuclear export factor, Mex67, can bind both nuclear pore protein (nucleoporin) FG repeats and Hpr1, a component of the TREX.THO complex that functions to link transcription and export. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assays, we show here that Hpr1 and the FG repeats interact with overlapping binding sites on the Mex67 UBA domain. We present the solution structure of the Mex67 UBA domain (UBA-Mex67) complexed with a FXFG nucleoporin peptide and define residues engaged in the interaction and those involved in the FXFG-induced conformational change. We show by NMR titration that the binding of Hpr1 produces analogous changes in chemical shifts in similar regions of the UBA domain. Together the data presented here indicate that both Hpr1 and FXFG nucleoporins may bind in a similar way to the UBA-Mex67 domain. However, whereas binding of Hpr1 allows UBA-Mex67 to interact with tetra-ubiquitin, the complex between UBA-Mex67 and FXFG is unable to bind mono- or tetra-ubiquitin, suggesting that both substrate binding and also the nature of the substrate may influence the affinity of the UBA-Mex67 domain for ubiquitin.
Defining cardiovascular toxicities of cancer therapies: an International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS) consensus statement (2021)

The discipline of Cardio-Oncology has seen tremendous growth over the past decade. It is devoted to the cardiovascular (CV) care of the cancer patient, especially to the mitigation and management of CV complications or toxicities of cancer therapies, which can have profound implications on prognosis. To that effect, many studies have assessed CV toxicities in patients undergoing various types of cancer therapies; however, direct comparisons have proven difficult due to lack of uniformity in CV toxicity endpoints. Similarly, in clinical practice, there can be substantial differences in the understanding of what constitutes CV toxicity, which can lead to significant variation in patient management and outcomes. This document addresses these issues and provides consensus definitions for the most commonly reported CV toxicities, including cardiomyopathy/heart failure and myocarditis, vascular toxicity, and hypertension, as well as arrhythmias and QTc prolongation. The current document reflects a harmonizing review of the current landscape in CV toxicities and the definitions used to define these. This consensus effort aims to provide a structure for definitions of CV toxicity in the clinic and for future research. It will be important to link the definitions outlined herein to outcomes in clinical practice and CV endpoints in clinical trials. It should facilitate communication across various disciplines to improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients with CV diseases.
Preclinical Effi cacy of FP-1039 (FGFR1:Fc) in Endometrial Carcinoma Models with Activating Mutations in FGFR2 (2010)

Figure 1. Targeting the FGF/FGFR Pathway with FP-1039. The FGF axis contains 4 FGF receptors with multiple splice forms and 22 FGF family ligands. There is selective binding of overlapping sets of ligands to the different receptors. FP-1039 is a soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains of human FGFR1 linked to the Fc region of human Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1). It is designed to bind and sequester multiple FGF ligands and block activation of multiple FGF receptors. Previous data has demonstrated FP-1039 is capable of blocking tumor growth in murine and human preclinical tumor models2.
Hybrid waveguides for optically pumped amplifiers (2009)

A hybrid waveguide based on simultaneous propagation of photonic crystal (PC) and total internal reflection confined optical modes is introduced for a scheme to uniformly pump waveguide optical amplifiers (WOAs). Planar one-dimensional PC structures were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and characterized by reflectivity as a function of angle, confirming the existence of PC defect states. Two design trade-offs, angular acceptance and critical coupling, are modeled to demonstrate optimization of optically pumped gain within the PC defect state. The advantage of uniform pumping on the WOA gain profile is briefly discussed.
Modeling the Spectral Features of Acoustic Noise Produced by Gas Flow in Rock Samples Based on the Theory of Ensemble of Interconnected Pore Resonators (2019)

A new model describing the pore space as an ensemble of interconnected Helmholtz resonators is proposed. This model makes it possible to improve the description of spectral peculiarities of the experimentally recorded acoustic noise during gas flow through a porous medium. The results of the resonance frequency calculation are presented by the example of the pore space model of the Indiana Limestone. Microvortexes in the pores are considered as the main mechanism of acoustic noise generation by gas flow. The presented numerical simulations on COMSOL Multiphysics show that the generation of microvortexes begins when the Reynolds number in the pores reaches 1 to 10.
Silicon nanomembrane-based compact true-time-delay module on unconventional substrates (2014)

We demonstrate several building blocks of true-time-delay (TTD) network, including subwavelength grating couplers, photonic crystal waveguide TTD lines, and multimode interferometer (MMI) power splitters fabricated on silicon nanomembrane (SiNM) transferred onto unconventional substrates, such as glass, Kapton. Bending tests performed on flexible gratings demonstrate operation even at ~15mm bending radius, with about 5dB loss. The 1&times;16 cascaded multimode interference (MMI) based power splitter demonstrates uniformity of 0.96dB across all the 16 output channels, and an insertion loss of 0.56dB.The photonic crystal waveguides are designed to provide large time delay values within a short length. Photonic crystal tapers are implemented at the strip-photonic crystal waveguide interfaces to minimize loss and provide larger time delay values. A large group index of ~28.5 is calculated from the measurement data, thus indicating achievability of time delay larger than 58ps per millimeter length of the delay line within a tuning range of 20nm. The demonstrated building blocks present a viable path for obtaining scalable TTD modules on unconventional substrates.
Integrative Analysis of DiseaseLand Omics Database for Disease Signatures and Treatments: A Bipolar Case Study (2019)

Transcriptomics technologies such as next-generation sequencing and microarray platforms provide exciting opportunities for improving diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases. Transcriptomics studies often share similar hypotheses, but are carried out on different platforms, in different conditions, and with different analysis approaches. These factors, in addition to small sample sizes, can result in a lack of reproducibility. A clear understanding and unified picture of many complex diseases are still elusive, highlighting an urgent need to effectively integrate multiple transcriptomic studies for disease signatures. We have integrated more than 3,000 high-quality transcriptomic datasets in oncology, immunology, neuroscience, cardiovascular and metabolic disease, and from both public and internal sources (DiseaseLand database). We established a systematic data integration and meta-analysis approach, which can be applied in multiple disease areas to create a unified picture of the disease signature and prioritize drug targets, pathways, and compounds. In this bipolar case study, we provided an illustrative example using our approach to combine a total of 30 genome-wide gene expression studies using postmortem human brain samples. First, the studies were integrated by extracting raw FASTQ or CEL files, then undergoing the same procedures for preprocessing, normalization, and statistical inference. Second, both <i>p</i>-value and effect size based meta-analysis algorithms were used to identify a total of 204 differentially expressed (DE) genes (FDR < 0.05) genes in the prefrontal cortex. Among these were <i>BDNF</i>, <i>VGF</i>, <i>WFS1</i>, <i>DUSP6</i>, <i>CRHBP</i>, <i>MAOA</i>, and <i>RELN</i>, which have previously been implicated in bipolar disorder. Finally, pathway enrichment analysis revealed a role for GPCR, MAPK, immune, and Reelin pathways. Compound profiling analysis revealed MAPK and other inhibitors may modulate the DE genes. The ability to robustly combine and synthesize the information from multiple studies enables a more powerful understanding of this complex disease.