gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The int -1 Proto-Oncogene Products Are Glycoproteins That Appear To Enter the Secretory Pathway (1987)

The int-1 proto-oncogene encodes a primary product of 370 amino acids, is normally expressed in mid-gestational embryos and adult testis, and is activated by proviral insertions during mammary carcinogenesis. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies directed against int-1-specific synthetic peptides immunoprecipitate up to five forms of int-1 protein, ranging in size from 36,000 to 44,000 Mr, from cell lines that express cloned int-1 DNA introduced by transfection or infection with retroviral vectors. Pulse-chase labeling experiments and glycosidase digestions suggested that the smallest of the int-1 proteins is the primary translation product lacking its signal peptide and that it is modified to produce the larger species of sequential glycosylation. Subcellular fractionations demonstrated that all immunoprecipitable forms of int-1 are mainly associated with membranes. int-1 proteins in crude microsomal preparations are resistant to proteolysis and extractable at elevated pH, suggesting that they are sequestered within cytoplasmic vesicles in a manner consistent with the behavior of secretory products. However, we were unable to identify secreted int-1 products in extracellular fluids.
Global modelling of the ns-laser shock peening (2019)

Laser shock peening (LSP) is one of the industry applicable surfacemodification techniques to improve mechanical properties of the metalsand alloys. It is a potential substitute of the conventional methods,e.g. shot peening. LSP deals with laser pulses with high intensity (&gt;1 GW/cm2) and short duration (ns-range). The promising method ofthe process prediction and optimization is a simulation, due to thegreat development of the computational techniques, low operationalcosts and good flexibility. It allows predicting the plasma and shockwave behavior, as well as residual stress (RS) distribution within theprocessing material.In our research, a global model of Zhang et al. [1] is applied formacroscale LSP (mm-range). The plasma pressure temporal distributionsare determined and used for the finite element simulation to predictthe residual stress distribution within the material [2]. Predicted RS shows a good agreement with the experimental results.[1] W. Zhang, Y.L. Yao, I.C. Noyan, J. Manuf. Sci. E. - T. ASME126, 10 (2004)[2] S. Keller, S. Chupakhin, P. Staron, E. Maawad, N. Kashaev, B.Klusemann, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 255, 294-307 (2018)
Expression and Characterization of Serotype 2 <b><i>Streptococcus suis </i></b>Arginine Deiminase (2017)

This study profoundly demonstrated the involvement of ArcA enzymatic activity in S. suis survival under acidic conditions.
Disintegrating supercritical jets in a subcritical environment (2013)

Abstract Supercritical fluid injection using a single round injector into a quiescent atmosphere at subcritical and supercritical conditions was studied experimentally with particular attention paid to supercritical-into-subcritical injection and the reassertion of surface tension. The entire system was binary since the surrounding atmosphere consisted of an inert gas of a different composition than that of the injected fluid. Average densities and density gradients were quantified and a method was applied to quantify the resulting drop formation due to the disintegration of the jet based on the experimental conditions. The evolution of drop size with distance from the injector was identified.
Continuous flow biocatalysis (2018)

The continuous flow synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, value-added chemicals, and materials has grown tremendously over the past ten years. This revolution in chemical manufacturing has resulted from innovations in both new methodology and technology. This field, however, has been predominantly focused on synthetic organic chemistry, and the use of biocatalysts in continuous flow systems is only now becoming popular. Although immobilized enzymes and whole cells in batch systems are common, their continuous flow counterparts have grown rapidly over the past two years. With continuous flow systems offering improved mixing, mass transfer, thermal control, pressurized processing, decreased variation, automation, process analytical technology, and in-line purification, the combination of biocatalysis and flow chemistry opens powerful new process windows. This Review explores continuous flow biocatalysts with emphasis on new technology, enzymes, whole cells, co-factor recycling, and immobilization methods for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, value-added chemicals, and materials.
Local mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites (2005)

The inclusion of a nanoparticle into a polymer matrix is studied by efficient Monte Carlo simulations. The resulting structural changes in the melt and glass exhibit a strong dependence on the strength of the polymer attraction to the surface of the filler. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposite are analyzed in detail through a formalism that permits calculation of local elastic constants. The average shear and Young's modulus of the nanocomposite are higher than those of the pure polymer for neutral or attractive nanoparticles. For repulsive particles, these moduli are lower. Simulation of local properties reveals that a glassy layer is formed in the vicinity of the attractive filler, contributing to the increased strength of the composite material. In contrast, a region of negative moduli emerges around repulsive fillers, which provides a mechanism for frustration relief and a lowering of the glass transition temperature.
Window-Masked Segmented Digital Clock Manager-FPGA-Based Digital Pulsewidth (2009)

This paper presents a new digital pulsewidth mod- ulator (DPWM) architecture for field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based systems. The design of the proposed DPWM archi- tecture is based on fully utilizing the digital clock manager (DCM) resources available on new FPGA boards. Furthermore, this archi- tecture will also window-mask the DCM operation to only a portion of the switching period in order to decrease power dissipation. This proposed digital modulator technique allows for higher DPWM resolution with lower power consumption, the primary barrier to high switching frequency operation. The presented technique re- lies on power-optimized resources already existing on new FPGAs, and benefits from the inherit phase-shifting properties of the DCM blocks, which help in simplifying the duty cycle generation. The architecture can be applied to achieve different numbers of bits for the DPWM resolution designed for different dc-dc applications. The suggested architecture is first simulated, implemented, and experimentally verified on a Virtex-4 FPGA board.
QAM-FBMC: A New Multi-Carrier System for Post-OFDM Wireless Communications (2015)

Recently, as asynchronous heterogeneous network scenario becoming one of the key features for next generation wireless communications, superior spectrum confinement as well as higher spectral efficiency compared to cyclic prefixed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) has been taken into consideration for future radio access technologies. In this paper, we propose a new quadrature amplitude modulation based filter-bank multi-carrier (QAM-FBMC) system that provides with an inherent spectral efficiency gain against CP-OFDM, which comes from reduction of the redundancies such as cyclic prefix (CP) and guard-band, while keeping the symbol rate same as in CP-less OFDM. We propose a new transceiver structure consisting of at least two different filter-bank bases at both transmitter and receiver sides. Practical algorithms including channel estimation and equalization to mitigate multi-path fading channel without CP are proposed. Various evaluation results show that the proposed system performs comparable to the CP-OFDM system even without CP and guard-band reduction is also available from the well-confined spectrum.
Patient Selection and End Point Definitions for Decongestion Studies in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Part 2 (2023)

Congestion is the most common manifestation of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Residual congestion despite initial medical therapy is common and is recognized to be associated with worse outcomes; however, there are currently no standardized definition regarding decongestion end point. In the second part of this 2-part review, we provide a critical appraisal of decongestion definitions previously used in ADHF studies, review alternative metrics to define severity of volume overload, and propose a more granular 4-class congestion grading scheme and decongestion end point definitions that could potentially be included in future ADHF trials and consensus definitions.
Choose your models wisely: How different murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cell protocols influence the success of nanoparticulate vaccines in vitro (2014)

Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccination has shown great potential in cancer immunotherapy. As a result, novel nanoparticles aiming to load DCs with tumor antigens are being developed and evaluated in vitro. For this, murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) are most commonly used as model DCs. However, many different protocols exist to generate these cells. Therefore, we investigated to what extent different BM-DC culture protocols impact on the immunobiology of the cells, as well as their response to particulate antigens. We evaluated 4 different BM-DC protocols with 2 main variables: bovine serum and cytokine combinations. Our results show distinct differences in yield, phenotypical maturation status and the production of immune stimulatory and immune suppressive cytokines by the different BM-DCs. Importantly, we demonstrate that the antigen-loading of these different BM-DCs via transfection with mRNA lipoplexes results in large differences in transfection efficiency as well as in the capacity of mRNA-transfected BM-DCs to stimulate antigen-specific T cells. Thus, it is clear that the BM-DC model can have significant confounding effects on the evaluation of novel nanoparticulate vaccines. To take this into account when testing novel particulate antigen-delivery systems in BM-DC models, we propose to (1) perform a thorough immunological characterization of the BM-DCs and to (2) not only judge a particle's potential for cancer vaccination based on transfection efficiency, but also to include an evaluation of functional end-points such as T cell activation.
Packet Structure and Receiver Design for Low-Latency Communications with Ultra-Small Packets (2016)

5G wireless standards require a much lower latency than what current wireless systems can guarantee. The main challenge to fulfill this requirement is the capability to support short packet transmission, in contrast to most of the current standards which use a long data packet structure. In this paper, we propose an efficient receiver technique that exploits information obtained during the data transmission period to improve the reception quality of the short packet transmission. Two key ingredients of the proposed method are 1) estimation of the receiver filter using the received samples in the data transmission period, not in the interference training period, and 2) soft decision- directed channel estimation that uses the data symbols for re-estimation of the channels. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed receiver algorithms.
An 2,3 sialyltransferase (ST3Gal I) is elevated in primary breast carcinomas (1999)

The MUC1 mucin is expressed on the luminal surface of most simple epithelial cells but in carcinomas, especially those of the breast and ovary, MUC1 is upregulated and aberrantly glycosylated. MUC1 contains a large amount of O-linked glycans which, in the mucin expressed by normal mammary epithelial cells, consist mainly of core 2 based structures carrying polylactosamine chains. However, the mucin expressed by breast carcinomas has shorter side-chains, often consisting of sialylated core 1 (Galbeta1-3GalNAc). in situ hybridization of primary breast tissue showed that a sialyltransferase (ST3Gal I), responsible for adding sialic acid to core 1 thereby terminating chain extension, is elevated in primary breast carcinomas when compared to normal or benign tissue. Furthermore, the level of mRNA expression encoding ST3Gal I is correlated to the intensity of staining seen with the antibody SM3, which specifically recognises underglycosylated, tumour associated MUC1. Thus, the aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 seen in breast carcinomas appears to be due, at least in part, to the elevation of ST3Gal I.
Parallel detection of WDM packet addresses by using three-dimensional planar integrated optics (1997)

We propose a planar integrated optics to detect several hundreds Gb/s optical packet addresses in WDM switching networks. The planar optics which integrates all the optical components on a single glass block makes extension of signal connection-space from the two-dimensional (2-D) waveguide or one-dimensional (1-D) fiber space to three-dimensional (3-D) free-space inside the glass block. Therefore, we can increase detection speed and number of channels detected in parallel. Our analysis shows that the planar integrated optics can make parallel connections of several hundreds Gb/s address-bit signals to detectors with power nonuniformity of less than 6.4% and overall efficiency of 72.3%.
Optical and electrical characterization methods of plasma-induced damage in silicon nitride films (2018)

We proposed evaluation methods of plasma-induced damage (PID) in silicon nitride (SiN) films. The formation of an oxide layer by air exposure was identified for damaged SiN films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Bruggeman's effective medium approximation was employed for an optical model consisting of damaged and undamaged layers, which is applicable to an in-line monitoring by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The optical thickness of the damaged layer — an oxidized layer — extended after plasma exposure, which was consistent with the results obtained by a diluted hydrofluoric acid (DHF) wet etching. The change in the conduction band edge of the damaged SiN films was presumed from two electrical techniques, i.e., current–voltage (I–V) measurement and time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) test with a constant voltage stress. The proposed techniques can be used for assigning the plasma-induced structural change in an SiN film widely used as an etch-protecting layer.
Novel platforms for vascular carriers with controlled geometry (2011)

Abstract COVER: Carrier geometry influencing navigation through the blood stream, by J. Pillai et al., pp. 596–606.
Audience Ratings Prediction of TV Dramas Based on the Cast and Their Popularity (2016)

Television viewership ratings represent the popularity of TV programs and are an important indicator of the revenue generated by broadcasters from advertisements as well as other sources. Although higher ratings for a given program are beneficial for both broadcasters and advertisers, little is known about the factors that make programs more attractive to viewers. In this paper, we propose a method to predict the ratings of TV dramas before they are broadcasted by considering the cast and the staff involved with them. In order to consider the popularity of actors, we consider the number of hits received by their Wikipedia pages, and tweets related to them on Twitter. We tested our proposed method using a collection of 678 TV dramas. The experimental results showed that audience ratings can be predicted with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.845. The effect of each factor was also investigated to reveal the components significant to audience ratings.
Correction: Elucidation of photovoltage origin and charge transport in Cu2O heterojunctions for solar energy conversion (2019)

Correction for ‘Elucidation of photovoltage origin and charge transport in Cu<sub>2</sub>O heterojunctions for solar energy conversion’ by Peter Cendula <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Sustainable Energy Fuels</italic>, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9se00385a.
Network output visualization to uncover limitations of deep learning detection of pneumothorax (2020)

The overlapping structures in a chest radiograph can make the detection of pneumothorax difficult. In addition, the visual signs of a pneumothorax, including a fine line at the edge of the lung and a change in texture outside the lung, can be subtle. Some published studies have reported high performances using deep learning for the detection of pneumothorax in chest radiographs using the publicly available ChestX-ray8 dataset. However, at the image input sizes these studies used, 256 x 256 or 224 x 224 pixels, the visual signs of a pneumothorax are typically not visible. In this study, radiographs labeled as pneumothorax in the ChestX-ray8 dataset were interpreted by a radiologist and then confirmed using the radiologist-defined truth from a pneumothorax challenge database. In addition, chest radiographs with and without pneumothorax were obtained from our institution and verified. Therefore, the entire dataset of 5,346 radiographs had truth confirmed by two radiologists. The dataset was used for fine-tuning a VGG19 neural network for the task of detecting pneumothorax in chest radiographs. After fine-tuning was complete, network visualization was performed using Grad-CAM to determine the most influential aspects of the radiograph for the network’s classification. It was found that 67% of Grad-CAM heatmaps for correctly classified pneumothorax cases did not have regions of high influence that overlapped with the actual location of the pneumothorax. Overall, the independent test set yielded an AUC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.74, 0.82) in the task of distinguishing between radiographs with and without pneumothorax.
Optical, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Conductive Properties of New Poly(indolocarbazole‐alt‐bithiophene)s (2006)

Abstract Summary: New alternating copolymers based on indolocarbazole (IC), both two‐ and three‐coupled, and bithiophene (BT) or bis(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (BiEDOT), were obtained using Stille or Suzuki coupling reactions. Those copolymers have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, in situ electron spin resonance, in situ conductivity, and UV‐Vis‐NIR spectroelectrochemistry techniques. All polymer films undergo reversible oxidation processes. One to three isoelectronic oxidation processes, involving one electron per repeat unit, produce radical cations, dications, and radical trications. The oxidative charge is localized in the IC moiety for BT copolymers or over the whole polyconjugated backbone for BiEDOT copolymers. Redox neutral‐polaron conductivities are in the range of 0.02–0.1 S · cm −1 and polaron‐bipolaron conductivities in the range of 0.1–0.7 S · cm −1 . Chemical structure of the PIC derivatives. magnified image Chemical structure of the PIC derivatives.
Initiation of Autoimmunity by a Reactive Metabolite of a Lupus-Inducing Drug in the Thymus (1999)

Robert L. Rubin, Anke Kretz-Rommel, Initiation of Autoimmunity by a Reactive Metabolite of a Lupus-Inducing Drug in the Thymus, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 107, Supplement 5: Linking Environmental Agents to Autoimmune Diseases (Oct., 1999), pp. 803-806
Routing Over Multi-Hop Wireless Networks with Non-Ergodic Mobility (2009)

Routing to mobile nodes in a wireless network is conventionally performed by associating a static IP address (or a geographic location) to each node, and routing to that address using routing tables at intermediate nodes that are updated periodically to reflect mobility-induced network topology changes. This mode of routing works when the mobiles' speeds as well as the number of mobiles are small. However, in the presence of large number of fast-moving mobiles, such approaches are infeasible and can lead to excessive overheads, routing failures and hence, throughput loss. In this paper, we consider a wireless network over a domain with a collection of static nodes (that form a connected cover of the domain) and mobile nodes, where the mobile nodes can move in an arbitrary (non-ergodic) manner over sub-domains of the network. For such a system, we develop new routing algorithms (based on a spatial multi-resolution search) that we show are efficient both in terms of routing overheads and throughput. In particular, we show that the achievable rate region of the proposed algorithm is within a poly-logarithmic constant of the optimal rate region with non-ergodic mobility.
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium Peroxymonosulfate (Oxone) — An Efficient Oxidizing Agent for Phosphothio Compounds. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Partial purification and reconstitution of the human multidrug-resistance pump: characterization of the drug-stimulatable ATP hydrolysis. (1992)

Multidrug-resistant human tumor cells overexpress the MDR1 gene product P-glycoprotein, which is believed to function as an ATP-dependent efflux pump. In this study we demonstrate that the partially purified P-glycoprotein, when reconstituted in an artificial membrane, catalyzes drug-stimulated ATP hydrolysis. Plasma membrane proteins of a human multidrug-resistant cell line, KB-V1, were solubilized with 1.4% (wt/vol) octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside in the presence of 0.4% phospholipid and 20% (vol/vol) glycerol, and the crude detergent extract was chromatographed on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B. The 0.1 M NaCl fraction, enriched in P-glycoprotein but devoid of Na,K-ATPase, was reconstituted by the detergent-dilution method. P-glycoprotein constituted 25-30% of the reconstituted protein in proteoliposomes. ATP hydrolysis by proteoliposomes was stimulated 3.5-fold by the addition of vinblastine but was unaffected by the hydrophobic antitumor agent camptothecin, which is not transported by P-glycoprotein. The stimulatory effect of vinblastine was observed only if the protein was reconstituted in proteoliposomes, suggesting that either the substrate binding site(s) was masked by detergent or that the conformation of the soluble P-glycoprotein might not be suitable for substrate-induced activation. Several other drugs that are known to be transported by P-glycoprotein enhanced the ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner with relative potencies as follows: doxorubicin = vinblastine greater than daunomycin greater than actinomycin D greater than verapamil greater than colchicine. The basal and vinblastine-stimulated ATPase activities were inhibited by vanadate (50% inhibition observed at 7-10 microM) but were not affected by agents that inhibit other ATPases and phosphatases. These data indicate that the P-glycoprotein, similar to other ion-transporting ATPases, exhibits a high level of ATP hydrolysis (5-12 mumol per min per mg of protein).