gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High chromium martensitic stainless linepipes (1996)

Effects of chemical compositions on major properties of high Cr martensitic stainless steels with low C content for linepipe were investigated. Cr to CO{sub 2}-corrosion, Ni and N to low temperature toughness in HAZ and Mo to SSC resistances were clarified to be major governing factors. Three steels with different targeted performs which were developed based on the fundamental study results were easily arc-welded without pre-heating and showed good performance for both the base metal and heat affected zone of the weld. Galvanic corrosion in welded portion and hydrogen embrittlement under cathodic protection condition were also found not to be a serious problem.
CMOS-based biosensors with an independent double-gate FinFET (2011)

A novel biosensor based on an independent double-gate FinFET is demonstrated for the first time. It features a silicon nanowire implemented on a bulk substrate, a floating gate for charge sensing, and a control gate for current driving. The detection of charged polymers and DNA is demonstrated for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Multifocal neoplastic precursor lesions associated with lobular atrophy of the pancreas in patients having a strong family history of pancreatic cancer. (2006)

We screened 116 patients with a strong family history of pancreatic cancer using a combination of endoscopic ultrasound and computed tomography. Ten of these patients underwent surgical resection at our institution, providing an opportunity to define the morphology of pancreatic precursor lesions in patients with a strong family history of pancreatic cancer. Eight of the 10 pancreata were available and these were entirely submitted for histologic examination. The number of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) were compared with age-matched controls. Parenchymal changes were defined. Selected precursor neoplasms from 6 pancreata were microdissected and analyzed for KRAS gene mutations. PanINs were significantly more common in the 8 cases (mean of 10.7% of the duct profiles, range 1.0% to 27.3%) than in the controls (mean 1.9%, range 0% to 9.2%, P<0.01). Different KRAS gene mutations were identified in separately microdissected precursor lesions in 2 of 6 cases. IPMNs were identified in 4 of the 8 cases, including 2 pancreata each having 2 distinct IPMNs. Both the IPMNs and the PanINs, even the low-grade PanIN-1 lesions, were associated with lobular parenchymal atrophy. Some individuals with a strong family history of pancreatic cancer develop multifocal, noninvasive epithelial precursor lesions of the pancreas. PanINs and IPMNs produce obstructive lobular atrophy, and this atrophy is likely the source of the chronic pancreatitis-like changes seen in these patients. The multifocal nature of familial pancreatic neoplasia suggests that surveillance of these patients is warranted after partial pancreatectomy.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Analysis with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System (2008)

The Mars Organic Analyzer (MOA), a portable microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) instrument developed for sensitive amino acid analysis on Mars, is used to analyze laboratory standards and real-world samples for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The microfabricated CE separation and analysis method for these hydrophobic analytes is optimized, resulting in a separation buffer consisting of 10 mM sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin, 40 mM methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, 5 mM carbonate buffer at pH 10, 5 degrees C. A PAH standard consisting of seven PAHs found in extraterrestrial matter and two terrestrial PAHs is successfully baseline separated. Limits of detection for the components of the standard ranged from 2000 ppm to 6 ppb. Analysis of an environmental contamination standard from Lake Erie and of a hydrothermal vent chimney sample from the Guaymas Basin agreed with published composition. A Martian analogue sample from the Yungay Hills region of the Atacama Desert was analyzed and found to contain 9,10-diphenylanthracene, anthracene, anthanthrene, fluoranthene, perylene, and benzo[ghi]fluoranthene at ppm levels. This work establishes the viability of the MOA for detecting and analyzing PAHs in in situ planetary exploration.
A comparison of two convergent routes for the preparation of metalloporphyrin-core dendrimers: direct condensationvs. chemical modification (1998)

Porphyrin-core dendrimers consisting of benzyl ether dendrons assembled around a porphyrin core have been prepared by two different convergent syntheses. The first involves the direct condensation of convergent dendrons having 3,5-disubstituted benzaldehyde focal points with an equivalent amount of pyrrole. This route which requires very mild conditions is especially useful for the rapid assembly of small dendrimers but suffers from steric limitations as the size of the dendrons increases above the fourth generation. The second route involves the attachment of pre-formed benzyl bromide dendrons to a functionalized porphyrin through a simple Williamson synthesis. This route is also very practical but it requires careful purification of the final product from the partially functionalized porphyrin dendrimers that are also obtained. MALDI mass spectrometry proved to be a very useful tool both for monitoring the formation of the dendritic porphyrins and for their characterization.
Surface potential fluctuations in metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors fabricated on different silicon carbide polytypes (1994)

The standard deviation σs of the surface potential fluctuations affecting metal–oxide–silicon carbide capacitors has been extracted from low frequency conductance and capacitance measurements. These fluctuations may become very large for thermal oxides and aluminum-doped epilayers. They must induce large errors in usual metal–oxide–semiconductor characterization techniques and are most probably the main reason for observing an activated transport in silicon carbide inversion layers.
Influence of Auxiliary Teeth on Performance of a Permanent Magnet Linear Motor (2018)

Linear permanent magnet motors (LPMMs) have been used in a wide range of applications from automation to transportation in recent years. Detent force component, which is added to total force directly, is an important issue in industrial applications where smooth position control is required. Auxiliary teeth design is critical to obtain smooth operation. In this paper, auxiliary-teeth design optimization is investigated to reduce the detent force by the end effect of the motor. The LPMM performance and effect of the auxiliary-teeth are analyzed by using finite element analysis (FEA) package. Also, the prototype linear motor with auxiliary-teeth has been manufactured in order to obtain linear motor performance. The experimental results are also compared with the FEA results.
Low-temperature dielectric relaxation in the pyrochlore (Bi3/4Zn1/4)2(Zn1/4Ta3/4)2O7 compound (2002)

The dielectric behavior of the pyrochlore (Bi3/4Zn1/4)2(Zn1/4Ta3/4)2O7 compound has been studied. A low-temperature dielectric relaxation was observed in a low-permittivity matrix with ε=∼60. The dielectric relaxation process follows a modified Debye model in the vicinity of the relaxation peak, and the relaxation rate follows the Arrhenius law in the wide frequency range 102 to ∼1010 Hz. The temperature intensity of dielectric peaks are independent of dc bias (⩽60 kV/cm). The dielectric relaxation is tentatively attributed to the hopping of Zn/Bi ions at A sites with more than one equivalent potential minima, and the reorientation of the dipoles probably formed through interactions with the “seventh oxygen” and the Bi/Zn A-site ions in the pyrochlore (Bi3/4Zn1/4)2(Zn1/4Ta3/4)2O7 compound.
Synthesis of podophyllotoxin congeners as potential DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors. (1995)

We have synthesized a number of new podophyllotoxin congeners in which the A-ring is opened and the C-ring is aromatic. These are based on the chemically modified structures of the naturally occurring podophyllum lignan, diphyllin. These have been synthesized by employing the Michael Initiated Ring Closure methodology. These lignans exhibited considerable DNA topoisomerase II inhibition and were devoid of topoisomerase I inhibition; they did not exhibit very significant activities in the in vitro human tumour cell lines assay. The results obtained provide insights into the structure-activity relationships and the design of chemically modified podophyllotoxin congeners useful in cancer chemotherapy.
Resolution analysis of atomic force microscopy using temporal phase modulation interferometry (2004)

10.1117/1.1626126
Theoretical performance and clinical evaluation of transverse tripolar spinal cord stimulation (1998)

A new type of spinal cord stimulation electrode, providing contact combinations with a transverse orientation, is presented. Electrodes were implanted in the cervical area (C4-C5) of two chronic pain patients and the stimulation results were subsequently simulated with a computer model consisting of a volume conductor model and active nerve fiber models. For various contact combinations a good match was obtained between the modeling results and the measurement data with respect to load resistance (less than 20% difference), perception thresholds (16% difference), asymmetry of paresthesia (significant correlation) and paresthesia distributions (weak correlation). The transversally oriented combinations provided the possibility to select either a preferential dorsal column stimulation, a preferential dorsal root stimulation or a mixed stimulation. The (a)symmetry of paresthesia could largely be affected in a predictable way by the selection of contact combinations as well. The transverse tripolar combination was shown to give a higher selectivity of paresthesia than monopolar and longitudinal dipolar combinations, at the cost of an increased current (more than twice).
Heterogeneous immunophenotype of granular lymphocyte expansions: differential expression of the CD8 alpha and CD8 beta chains [see comments] (1992)

In this study, we have evaluated 14 large granular lymphocyte (LGL) expansions, 11 of which were CD8+. Analysis of the membrane expression of the alpha and beta chains of the CD8 antigen, using specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), has shown that LGL expansions with the CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD57+ T-cell receptor (TcR) alpha beta phenotype bear the CD8 alpha/alpha isoform, while the CD3+, CD4-, CD8+, CD57+ TcR alpha beta samples were positive for both the CD8 alpha and CD8 beta chains. These data were confirmed also by messenger RNA analysis. One additional case, with a peculiar phenotype (CD3-, CD2-, CD4-, CD8+, CD57-) and a germline configuration of the TcR beta and gamma chain genes, expressed only the CD8 alpha chain. After additional phenotypic analysis with a wider panel of MoAbs, it was found that the beta chain of the interleukin-2 receptor was constitutively expressed on the majority of the samples tested, and that most of the monoclonal samples coexpressed CD45RA/R0 antigens. Using MoAbs directed against the variable regions of the TcR beta chain, we could show a preferential V beta region restriction in the CD8+ monoclonal cases. This more extensive characterization of CD8+ LGL expansions has further documented the marked heterogeneity within this rare condition and allowed a better phenotypic dissection between the monoclonal and polyclonal cases.
GIPC Recruits GAIP (RGS19) To Attenuate Dopamine D2Receptor Signaling (2004)

Pleiotropic G proteins are essential for the action of hormones and neurotransmitters and are activated by stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which initiates heterotrimer dissociation of the G protein, exchange of GDP for GTP on its Galpha subunit and activation of effector proteins. Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins regulate this cascade and can be recruited to the membrane upon GPCR activation. Direct functional interaction between RGS and GPCR has been hypothesized. We show that recruitment of GAIP (RGS19) by the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), a GPCR, required the scaffold protein GIPC (GAIP-interacting protein, C terminus) and that all three were coexpressed in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Dynamic translocation of GAIP to the plasma membrane and coassembly in a protein complex in which GIPC was a required component was dictated by D2R activation and physical interactions. In addition, two different D2R-mediated responses were regulated by the GTPase activity of GAIP at the level of the G protein coupling in a GIPC-dependent manner. Since GIPC exclusively interacted with GAIP and selectively with subsets of GPCR, this mechanism may serve to sort GPCR signaling in cells that usually express a large repertoire of GPCRs, G proteins, and RGS.
Deposition and drying dynamics of liquid crystal droplets (2017)

Drop drying and deposition phenomena reveal a rich interplay of fundamental science and engineering, give rise to fascinating everyday effects (coffee rings), and influence technologies ranging from printing to genotyping. Here we investigate evaporation dynamics, morphology, and deposition patterns of drying lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal droplets. These drops differ from typical evaporating colloidal drops primarily due to their concentration-dependent isotropic, nematic, and columnar phases. Phase separation occurs during evaporation, and in the process creates surface tension gradients and significant density and viscosity variation within the droplet. As a result, the drying multiphase drops exhibit different convective currents, drop morphologies, and deposition patterns (coffee-rings).
Phase matching techniques in the UV-EUV (2002)

The efficient upconversion of laser light into the UV and EUV regions of the spectrum has two major requirements: (1) the ability to generate photons in the required energy range through the nonlinear laser-atom interaction; and (2) the ability to coherently add, without absorption, the signal from a large number of radiating atoms. In past work using a hollow-waveguide geometry for frequency conversion, we demonstrated that it is possible to achieve high efficiency conversion into the UV and soft-X-ray regions. In this work, we show that this high efficiency allows us drive cascaded nonlinear upconversion processes from the visible to the VUV region of the spectrum with macroscopic conversion efficiencies. We also observe a type of quasi-phase matching in the deep-UV region of the spectrum. Finally, we use coherent control techniques to selectively enhance a single harmonic order, to generate transform-limited EUV pulses.
Impact of Topology and Traffic on Physical Layer Monitoring in Transparent Networks (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. C. Kilper, A. Ferguson, B. O'Sullivan, and S. K. Korotky, "Impact of Topology and Traffic on Physical Layer Monitoring in Transparent Networks," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper OWI3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Better informed training of latent syntactic features (2006)

We study unsupervised methods for learning refinements of the nonterminals in a treebank. Following Matsuzaki et al. (2005) and Prescher (2005), we may for example split NP without supervision into NP[0] and NP[1], which behave differently. We first propose to learn a PCFG that adds such features to nonterminals in such a way that they respect patterns of linguistic feature passing: each node's nonterminal features are either identical to, or independent of, those of its parent. This linguistic constraint reduces runtime and the number of parameters to be learned. However, it did not yield improvements when training on the Penn Treebank. An orthogonal strategy was more successful: to improve the performance of the EM learner by treebank preprocessing and by annealing methods that split nonterminals selectively. Using these methods, we can maintain high parsing accuracy while dramatically reducing the model size.
Effects of the architecture and environment on polymeric molecular assemblies of novel amphiphilic diblock copolynorbornenes with narrow polydispersity via living ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (2006)

Abstract Diblock copolymers of 5‐(methylphthalimide)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene (NBMPI) and 1,5‐cyclooctadiene were synthesized by living ring‐opening metathesis polymerization with a well‐defined catalyst {RuCl 2 (CHPh)[P(C 6 H 11 ) 3 ] 2 }. Unhydrogenated diblock copolymers showed two glass transitions due to poly(NBMPI) and polybutadiene segments, such as two glass‐transition temperatures at −86.5 and 115.3 °C for poly 1a and −87.2 and 115.3 °C for poly 1b . However, only one melting temperature could be observed for hydrogenated copolymers, such as 119.8 °C for poly 2a and 121.7 °C for poly 2b . The unhydrogenated diblock copolymer with the longer poly(NBMPI) chain (poly 1a ; temperature at 10% mass loss = 400 °C) exhibited better thermal stability than the one with the shorter poly(NBMPI) chain (poly 1b ; temperature at 10% mass loss = 385 °C). Two kinds of hydrogenated diblock copolymers, poly 2a and poly 2b , exhibited relatively poor solubility but better thermal stability than unhydrogenated diblock copolymers because of the polyethylene segments. Poly[(hydrochloride quaternized 2‐norbornene‐5‐methyleneamine)‐ b ‐butadiene]‐1 (poly 3a ) was obtained after the hydrolysis and quaternization of poly 1a . Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that the hydrodynamic diameters of the cationic copolymer (poly 3a ) in water (hydrodynamic diameter = 1580 nm without salt), methanol/water (4/96 v/v; hydrodynamic diameter = 1500 nm without salt), and tetrahydrofuran/water (4/96 v/v; hydrodynamic diameter = 1200 nm without salt) decreased with increasing salt (NaCl) concentration. The effect of temperature on the hydrodynamic diameter of hydrophobically modified poly 3a was also studied. The inflection point of the hydrodynamic diameter of poly 3a was observed at various polymer concentrations around 30 °C. The critical micelle concentration of hydrophobically modified poly 3a was observed at 0.018 g dL −1 . © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2901–2911, 2006
Building Efficient Ion Pathway in Highly Densified Thick Electrodes with High Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Densities (2021)

A common practice in thick electrode design is to increase porosity to boost charge transport kinetics. However, a high porosity offsets the advantages of thick electrodes in both gravimetric and volumetric energy densities. Here we design a freestanding thick electrode composed of highly densified active material regions connected by continuous electrolyte-buffering voids. By wet calendering of the phase-inversion electrode, the continuous compact active material region and continuous ion transport network are controllably formed. Rate capabilities and cycling stability at high LiFePO<sub>4</sub> loading of 126 mg cm<sup>-2</sup> were achieved for the densified cathode with porosity as low as 38%. The decreased porosity and efficient void utilization enable high gravimetric/volumetric energy densities of 330 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> and 614 Wh L<sup>-1</sup>, as well as improved power densities. The versatility of this method and the industrial compatible "roll-to-roll" fabrication demonstrate an important step toward the practical application of thick electrodes.
Improved Content-Color-Dependent Screening (CCDS): Adaptive Bilateral Filtering and Color-Aware Sobel Edge Detector (2021)

In previous work [1] , content-color-dependent screening (CCDS) determines the best screen assignments for either regular or irregular haltones to each image segment, which minimizes the perceived error compared to the continuous-tone digital image. The model first detects smooth areas of the image and applies a spatiochromatic HVS-based model for the superposition of the four halftones to find the best screen assignment for these smooth areas. The segmentation is not limited to separating foreground and background. Any significant color regions need to be segmented. Hence, the segmentation method becomes crucial. In this paper, we propose a general segmentation method with a few improvements: The number of K-means clusters is determined by the elbow method to avoid assigning the number of clusters manually for each image. The noise removing bilateral filter is adaptive to each image, so the parameters do not need to be tested and adjusted based on the visual output results. Also, some color regions can be clearly separated out from other color regions by applying a color-aware Sobel edge detector.
Syndrome of brittle cornea, blue sclera, and joint hyperextensibility (1990)

In 3 families 4 patients were affected with the syndrome of brittle cornea, blue sclera, and hyperextensible joints (brittle cornea syndrome). From the review of 17 affected patients described previously and our cases, it appears that this rare autosomal recessive syndrome has variable expressivity. Two different groups of patients may be distinguished: one includes 5 families, all of Tunisian Jewish origin. All patients in this group also have red hair. In the second group, 9 families are from various ethnic origins; affected patients in this group have a normal distribution of hair color. A possible explanation for the existence of these 2 different group of patients is that the locus of the gene responsible for the syndrome is closely linked to the locus for a gene responsible for hair color with linkage disequilibrium in Tunisian Jews (Sepharadim).
Vibration Amplitude and Fastener Torque Dependence of Damping in a Jointed Structure (2017)

The resonance frequency, stiffness, and damping of a structure with screws, bolts, or rivets is strongly influenced by the nonlinear interaction of connected faying surfaces. During the design phase of built-up systems, those system properties and their uncertainty must be understood to meet vibroacoustic design criteria. However, the frictional interaction of fastened joints is poorly understood, and hypotheses are still being made in an attempt to explain the causes of damping in fastened joints. Friction models that do exist either require onerous methods or are overly simplistic. To provide measured data to support future model development, this research uses experimental modal analysis and a time-domain approach to track damping via the ringdown of a pair of plates with a fastened joint with varying applied torques. Amplitude-dependent plots of the loss factor for several modes are provided, which represent the system better than their single-value counterparts. Frequency decrements due to increased fastener torque were less than one-half of a percent in the presented modes. Counterintuitively, increasing fastener torque in the experiment increased the loss factor and slightly reduced the resonance frequencies of the presented modes. Loss factors vary by 67–96%; in the case of the second mode, loss factor depends heavily on vibration amplitude.