gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized Film Cooling Flow on a Contoured Endwall Within a Transonic Annular Cascade (2022)

Abstract Film cooling was measured on the endwall of a five-vane annular cascade in a blowdown wind tunnel at an exit Mach number of 0.9. The adiabatic film cooling effectiveness was calculated from the partial pressure of oxygen measured with binary pressure sensitive paint (BPSP). Cylindrical film cooling holes were located in the upstream and passage regions with the coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratio (MFR) independently varied for each region. One row was located upstream of the vanes and supplied by an upstream plenum. Two rows were located in the passage between two vanes and supplied by a downstream plenum. Three total MFRs were investigated: 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. For a given total MFR, four combinations of upstream and downstream MFRs were compared to an even split of coolant. Coolant-to-mainstream density ratios (DRs) of 1.0 and 2.0 were investigated. The most efficient use of coolant hinged on balancing the downstream MFR for the second row due to the endwall pressure gradient preventing coolant from exiting the holes or a high jet velocity causing liftoff. For this row, selecting the optimum MFR increased the area-averaged film cooling effectiveness by up to 200% with a reduction in row 1 of less than 25%. At high downstream MFRs, increasing the density ratio delayed liftoff and increased film cooling effectiveness in row 2 by 65%. However, at low MFRs, increasing the density ratio reduced film cooling effectiveness in row 2 by 60%.
Skeletal receptors for steroid‐family regulating glycoprotein hormones (2011)

Pituitary glycoprotein hormone receptors, including ACTH-R, TSH-R, and FSH-R, occur in bone. Their skeletal expression reflects that central endocrine control is evolutionarily recent. ACTH receptors, in osteoblasts or the adrenal cortex, drive VEGF synthesis. VEGF is essential to maintain vasculature. In bone, ACTH suppression by glucocorticoids can cause osteonecrosis. TSH receptors occur on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, in both cases reducing activity. Thus, TSH directly reduces skeletal turnover, consistent with evolutionary adaptation to stress. FSH receptors accelerate bone resorption, whereas estrogen promotes bone formation, the forces usually balancing. With ovarian failure, low estrogen with high FSH causes rapid bone loss. The skeletal FSH effect in the menopause seems paradoxical, but it is a logical adaptation in lactation, where prolonged FSH elevation also occurs. In addition to receptors, there is some synthesis of pituitary glycoproteins at distributed sites; this is not well studied, but it may further modify the paradigm of central endocrine regulation.
Compensation of heat deformations by adaptive optics in beamline simulations (2020)

We describe the implementation of realistic, adaptive wavefront correction in high-brightness beamline simulations to study the correction of thermal deformation. Several planned soft x-ray and tender x-ray insertion-device beamlines in the Advanced Light Source upgrade, where wavefront preservation is paramount, rely on a common design principle.After studying the performance of a 20-channel adaptive x-ray mirror prototype, at-wavelength and with visible-light, we implemented mirror shape-control algorithms in software that are designed to restore and optimize the focused beam intensity (i.e. Strehl ratio), considering the incident wavefront’s phase and amplitude. We implemented the modeling in OASYS which is an adaptable, customizable beamline modeling platform well suited to study this issue.
Effects of intensity thresholding on the power spectrum of laser speckle (1993)

Spatial-frequency filtering of laser speckle patterns has proven to be a useful tool in the measurement of MTF for focal plane arrays. Intensity thresholding of the laser speckle patterns offers nearly an order of magnitude savings in digital storage space. The effect of this thresholding on the spatial-frequency power spectral density of the speckle pattern is investigated. An optimum threshold level is found that minimizes distortion of the power spectrum for the classes of speckle data used for MTF testing.
Chemical Synthesis, 3D Structure, and ASIC Binding Site of the Toxin Mambalgin‐2 (2013)

Mambalgins are a novel class of snake venom components that exert potent analgesic effects mediated through the inhibition of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). The 57-residue polypeptide mambalgin-2 (Ma-2) was synthesized by using a combination of solid-phase peptide synthesis and native chemical ligation. The structure of the synthetic toxin, determined using homonuclear NMR, revealed an unusual three-finger toxin fold reminiscent of functionally unrelated snake toxins. Electrophysiological analysis of Ma-2 on wild-type and mutant ASIC1a receptors allowed us to identify α-helix 5, which borders on the functionally critical acidic pocket of the channel, as a major part of the Ma-2 binding site. This region is also crucial for the interaction of ASIC1a with the spider toxin PcTx1, thus suggesting that the binding sites for these toxins substantially overlap. This work lays the foundation for structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies and further development of this promising analgesic peptide.
Une méthode de prédistorsion numérique d’amplificateur dans le domaine séquentiel (2022)

National audience
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method of P‐Se Bond Cleavage: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of P‐ Chiral Phosphoric‐Trifluoroacetic Anhydrides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Neuroprotective potential of estrogens and estrogenic compounds against amyloid-beta and oxidative stress (2012)

Neuroprotective potential of estrogens and estrogenic compounds against amyloid-beta and oxidative stress
CCAT-prime: RFSoC based readout for frequency multiplexed kinetic inductance detectors (2022)

The Prime-Cam instrument on the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) is expected to be the largest deployment of millimeter and submillimeter sensitive kinetic inductance detectors to date. To read out these arrays efficiently, a microwave frequency multiplexed readout has been designed to run on the Xilinx Radio Frequency System on a Chip (RFSoC). The RFSoC has dramatically improved every category of size, weight, power, cost, and bandwidth over the previous generation readout systems. We describe a baseline firmware design which can read out four independent RF networks each with 500 MHz of bandwidth and 1000 detectors for ∼30 W. The overall readout architecture is a combination of hardware, gateware/firmware, software, and network design. The requirements of the readout are driven by the 850 GHz instrument module of the seven-module Prime-Cam instrument. These requirements along with other constraints which have led to critical design choices are highlighted. Preliminary measurements of the system phase noise and dynamic range are presented.
Nanocomposite poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(allylamine) thin films (2003)

Using Michael-type addition reactions we have fabricated self-assembled nanocomposite thin films consisting of alternating layers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(allylamine) (PAA). This procedure has been conducted for PEGs of various chain lengths (MW 575-18,500) and in both aqueous and alcohol solvents. Increases in film thickness were quantified using ellipsometry and the introduction of various functional groups (amine, carboxyl, carbon-carbon double bond) was verified with FTIR-ERS. It was found that there was a linear increase in film thickness through three generations, excluding the first grafted PEG layer, which consistently yielded high values. This is likely due to a higher extent of reaction for the Michael-type addition of the PEG carbon-carbon double bonds with pendant amines than the initial reaction between PAA and activated mercapto-undecanoic acid (MUA). Cell and protein adhesion was examined to test biocompatibility of the modified surfaces.
Hoxb8‐Cre mice: A tool for brain‐sparing conditional gene deletion (2010)

The spinal cord is the first site of temporal and spatial integration of nociceptive signals in the pain pathway. Neuroplastic changes occurring at this site contribute critically to various chronic pain syndromes. Gene targeting in mice has generated important insights into these processes. However, the analysis of constitutive (global) gene-deficient mice is often hampered by confounding effects arising from supraspinal sites. Here, we describe a novel Cre mouse line that expresses the Cre recombinase under the transcriptional control of the Hoxb8 gene. Within the neural axis of these mice, Hoxb8-Cre expression is found in spinal cord neurons and glial cells, and in virtually all neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, but spares the brain apart from a few cells in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The Hoxb8-Cre mouse line should be a valuable new tool for the in vivo analysis of peripheral and spinal gene functions in pain pathways.
Carrier transport in layered nanolaminated films (2015)

Analyzing {\it{ab-initio}} electronic and phonon band structure, temperature-dependent carrier transport in layered Ti$_{2}$AlC is investigated. It is found that cylindrical Fermi surface is the origin of the anisotropic carrier effective mass (infinite effective mass along $c$ axis ) leading to strong anisotropic (insulator along $c$ axis and metallic along the layer) carrier transport in these films. Using electronic and phonon bandstructures, we develop an analytical model of electron-phonon interaction as well as in-plane carrier conductivity originating from strong inter-valley (s$\rightarrow$d) scattering in Ti$_{2}$AlC. We invoke density functional theory to calculate the deformation potential corresponding to acoustic phonon vibration. The calculated deformation potential is in well agreement with the extracted deformation potential value from the transport data. Extracted deformation potential will be useful for prediction of transport quantities for application of these metals at elevated temperatures.
A High Throughput Molecular Assay for Detection of Renal Graft Acute Cellular Rejection Using Peripheral Blood (2012)

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C−H Cyanation of 6‐Ring N‐Containing Heteroaromatics (2017)

Heteroaromatic nitriles are important compounds in drug discovery, both for their prevalence in the clinic and due to the diverse range of transformations they can undergo. As such, efficient and reliable methods to access them have the potential for far-reaching impact across synthetic chemistry and the biomedical sciences. Herein, we report an approach to heteroaromatic C-H cyanation through triflic anhydride activation, nucleophilic addition of cyanide, followed by elimination of trifluoromethanesulfinate to regenerate the cyanated heteroaromatic ring. This one-pot protocol is simple to perform, is applicable to a broad range of decorated 6-ring N-containing heterocycles, and has been shown to be suitable for late-stage functionalization of complex drug-like architectures.
Endoscope-assisted magnetic helical micromachine delivery for biofilm eradication in tympanostomy tube (2022)

Occlusion of the T-tube (tympanostomy tube) is a common postoperative sequela related to bacterial biofilms. Confronting biofilm-related infections of T-tubes, maneuverable and effective treatments are still challenging presently. Here, we propose an endoscopy-assisted treatment procedure based on the wobbling Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> helical micromachine (HMM) with peroxidase-mimicking activity. Different from the ideal corkscrew motion, the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> HMM applies a wobbling motion in the tube, inducing stronger mechanical force and fluid convections, which not only damages the biofilm occlusion into debris quickly but also enhances the catalytic generation and diffusion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing bacteria cells. Moreover, the treatment procedure, which integrated the delivery, actuation, and retrieval of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> HMM, was validated in the T-tube implanted in a human cadaver ex vivo. It enables the visual operation with ease and is gentle to the tympanic membrane and ossicles, which is promising in the clinical application.
Dual-pumped degenerate Kerr oscillator in a silicon nitride microresonator (2015)

We demonstrate a degenerate parametric oscillator in a silicon-nitride microresonator. We use two frequency-detuned pump waves to perform parametric four-wave mixing and operate in the normal group-velocity dispersion regime to produce signal and idler fields that are frequency degenerate. Our theoretical modeling shows that this regime enables generation of bimodal phase states, analogous to the \c{hi}(2)-based degenerate OPO. Our system offers potential for realization of CMOS-chip-based coherent optical computing and an all-optical quantum random number generator.
The peptide binding specificity of the MHC class II I-A molecule of the Lewis rat, RT1.B1 (1996)

The specificity of peptide binding to MHC molecules is defined by binding motifs composed of several relatively conserved anchor positions. The peptide binding motifs of murine MHC class II I-A molecules are functionally important but poorly characterized. Here we use peptide binding studies and isolation of naturally presented peptides to characterize the peptide binding motif of the MHC class II I-A molecule, RT1.BI, a molecule that is involved in experimental autoimmunity in the Lewis rat. We now report that, similar to other class II motifs, the RT1.BI motif consists of a nonamer sequence with four major anchor positions (P1, P4, P6 and P9). Residues at P4 and P9, rather than at P1, appeared to be particularly important for binding. Negatively charged residues were favored at P9, consistent with the presence of a serine at position 57 of the RT1.BI beta chain. This RT1.BI motif could be observed in the dominant autoantigenic T cell epitopes mapped previously in the Lewis rat. These results highlight a general similarity and some important differences in the organization of MHC class II peptide binding motifs. The reported RT1.BI motif should facilitate the prediction and design of T cell epitopes for the induction and control of experimental autoimmune diseases in Lewis rat models.
Diperfluorophenyl Fused Thiophene Semiconductors for n‐Type Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFTs) (2015)

Three new fused thiophene semiconductors, end‐capped with diperfluorophenylthien‐2‐yl (DFPT) groups (DFPT‐thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐ b ]thieno[2,3‐d]thiophene (TTA), DFPT‐dithieno[2,3‐ b :3′,2′‐ d ]thiophenes (DTT), and DFPT‐thieno[3,2‐ b ]thiophene (TT)), are synthesized and characterized in organic thin film transistors. Good environmental stability of the newly developed materials is demonstrated via thermal analysis as well as degradation tests under white light. The molecular structures of all three perfluorophenylthien‐2‐yl end‐functionalized derivatives are determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. DFPT‐TTA and DFPT‐TT exhibit good n‐type TFT performance, with mobilities up to 0.43 and 0.33 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , respectively. These are among the best performing n‐type materials of all fused thiophenes reported to date. The best thin film transistor device performance is achieved via an n ‐octadecyltrichlorosilane dielectric surface treatment on the thermally grown Si/SiO 2 substrates prior to vapor‐phase semiconductor deposition. Within the DFPT series, carrier mobility magnitudes depend strongly on the semiconductor growth conditions and the gate dielectric surface treatment.
Abstract 2711: CARP-1 functional mimetics are a novel class of small molecule inhibitors of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells (2014)

Abstract Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an asbestos-related thoracic malignancy that is characterized by late metastases, and resistance to therapeutic modalities. The toxic side-effects of MPM therapies often limit their clinical effectiveness, thus necessitating development of new agents to effectively treat and manage this disease in clinic. CARP-1 functional mimetics (CFMs) are a novel class of compounds that inhibit growth of diverse cancer cell types. Here we investigated MPM cell growth suppression by the CFMs and the molecular mechanisms involved. CFM-1, -4, and -5 inhibited MPM cell growth, in vitro, in part by stimulating apoptosis. Apoptosis by CFM-4 involved activation of pro-apoptotic stress-activated kinases (SAPKs) p38 and JNK, elevated CARP-1 expression, cleavage of PARP1, and loss of the oncogene c-myc as well as mitotic cyclin B1. Treatments of MPM cells with CFM-4 resulted in depletion of NF-κB signaling inhibitor ABIN1 and Inhibitory κB (IκB)α and β, while increasing expression of pro-apoptotic death receptor (DR) 4 protein. CFM-4 enhanced expression of serine-phosphorylated podoplanin and cleavage of vimetin. CFMs also attenuated biological properties of the MPM cells by blocking their abilities to migrate, form colonies in suspension, and invade through the matrix-coated membranes. Both podoplanin and vimentin regulate processes of cell motility and invasion, and their expression often correlates with metastatic disease, and poor prognosis. The fact that phosphorylation of serines in the cytoplasmic domain of podoplanin interferes with processes of cellular motility, CFM-4-dependent elevated phosphorylated podoplanin and cleavage of vimentin underscore a metastasis inhibitory property of these compounds, and suggest that CFMs and/or their future analogs have potential as anti-MPM agents. Citation Format: Shazia Jamal, Vino T. Cheriyan, Magesh Muthu, Sara Munie, Edi Levi, Abdelkader E. Ashour, Harvey I. Pass, Anil Wali, Mandip Singh, Arun K. Rishi. CARP-1 functional mimetics are a novel class of small molecule inhibitors of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2711. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2711
Primary recovery of a genetically engineered Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase I (Cel 7B) fusion protein in cloud point extraction systems (2002)

Here we present data to demonstrate how partitioning of a hydrophilic enzyme can be directed to the hydrophobic detergent-enriched phase of an aqueous two-phase system by addition of short stretches of amino acid residues to the protein molecule. The target enzyme was the industrially important endoglucanase I, EGI (endo-1,4-beta-D-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.4, Cel7B) of Trichoderma reesei. We investigated the partitioning of three EGI variants containing various C-terminal peptide extensions including Trp-Pro motifs of different lengths and localizations. Additionally, a recently developed system composed of the thermoseparating copolymer HM-EOPO was utilized to study the effects of fusion tags. The addition of peptides containing tryptohan residues enhanced the partitioning of EGI to the HM-EOPO-rich phase. The system composed of a nonionic detergent (Agrimul NRE1205) resulted in the highest partition coefficient (K = 31) and yield (90%) with the construct EGI(core-P5)(WP)(4) containing (Trp-Pro)(4) after a short linker stretch. A recombinant strain of T. reesei Rut-C30 for large-scale production was constructed in which the fusion protein EGI(core-P5)(WP)(4) was expressed from the strong promoter of the cellulase gene cbh1. The fusion protein was successfully expressed and secreted from the fungus during shake-flask cultivations. Cultivation in a 28-L bioreactor however, revealed that the fusion protein is sensitive to proteases. Consequently, only low production levels were obtained in large-scale production trials.
High-quality GaN on intentionally roughened c-sapphire - eScholarship (2003)

GaN films were grown using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on intentionally roughened c-sapphire in order to study the effect of the substrate roughness. Controlled substrate damage was achieved by exposing the substrate surfaces to controlled amounts of trimethylgallium followed by exposure to hydrogen at elevated temperature. The bulk film quality was studied by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and the surface topography was examined by atomic force microscopy. It was observed that mild substrate roughness (surface pit depth up to 30 nm) does not have a significant effect on the bulk film quality nor the GaN surface topography, and that recovery of the surface roughness is observed in very early stages of film growth. Cross sectional transmission electron microscopy confirmed that MOCVD GaN grown on inclined sidewalls etched in c-sapphire maintained the {0001}(sapphire) parallel to {0001}(GaN) epitaxial relationship despite the substrate miscut of ca. 15degrees with respect to the c-axis.
Electronic properties of K-dopedC60(111): Photoemission and electron correlation (1993)

High-resolution photoemission provides the signatures of ${\mathrm{K}}_{3}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$(111), ${\mathrm{K}}_{4}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$, ${\mathrm{K}}_{6}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$, and the dilute solid solution of K in ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$(111), showing the effects of electron-electron correlation in all of the K-${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ phases. ${\mathrm{K}}_{3}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$(111) is a metal with a distinct Fermi-level cutoff but with spectral broadening near ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{F}}$ not predicted by band calculations. ${\mathrm{K}}_{4}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ is an insulator, although band calculations predict metallic character. Photoemission and low-energy-electron-diffraction results demonstrate kinetically limited growth for K-${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ films produced by vapor deposition.
Crystallization of Mixed Paraffin from Model Waxy Oils and the Influence of Micro-crystalline Poly(ethylene-butene) Random Copolymers (2004)

We report rheological, microscopic, and calorimetric studies of the crystallization of long chain n-paraffins and their mixtures from model waxy oils and the effect of microcrystalline poly(ethylene-butene) (PEB) random copolymers. Optical micrographs and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) reveal that the crystals formed from decane solutions of binary mixtures of C36 + C32 and of C32 + C28 are of mixed composition, whereas solutions of C28 + C24, C36 + C28, C32 + C24, and C36 + C24 form separate crystal phases. There is no miscibility when the difference in carbon number between two long chain n-paraffins Δnc > 4. These findings agree with Kravchenko's prediction for crystallization of molten binary n-alkane mixtures. However, the crystallization of long chain n-paraffins from decane solution gives a stable crystal structure directly, while from the melt it tends to pass through a metastable rotator phase. Since PEB can either self-assemble into a needlelike structure or cocrystallize with long chain n-paraffins to form small thin sheets in decane, mixtures of wax and PEB formed quite complex shapes such as rodlike or shuttle-like structures, particularly for the longer paraffin chains. These structures reduce the yield stress of the cold model waxy oil as compared with the platelike crystals formed in the absence of PEB. PEB10, which has an average of 10 ethyl side groups per 100 carbon atoms in the polymer backbone, is more effective in reducing the yield stress than PEB7.5 except for the mixture C36 + C28. All the other mixtures of paraffins with PEBs show intermediate rheological properties between those of the single paraffin components.