gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF TWO BRIDGE RAILINGS FOR LOW-VOLUME ROADS (1995)

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) and Headquarters Engineering Staff, in cooperation with the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility undertook the task of developing bridge railing systems for roads with low traffic volumes and low speeds. Two low-cost bridge railing systems were developed and successful full-scale crash tests were conducted for their use on timber bridge decks using longitudinal lumber laminations. A curb-type timber railing system was designed to redirect a 3/4-ton pickup truck hitting at a speed of 24 km/hr (15 mph) and an angle of 15 degrees. The curb-type rail system used square, trapezoidal, or rectangular rail shapes. A flexible railing system consisting of steel W-beam supported by breakaway timber posts was designed to redirect a 3/4-ton pickup truck hitting at a speed of 50 km/hr (31 mph) and an angle of 25 degrees. The flexible railing system was developed according to Test Level 1 of NCHRP Report 350, Recommended Procedure for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features.
Linear analytical approach to dispersive, external dissipative, and intrinsic dissipative couplings in optomechanical systems (2020)

This paper presents a theoretical study of optomechanical systems in which the mechanical resonator modulates both the resonant frequency (dispersive coupling) and the decay rates (dissipative coupling) of the optical cavity. The generic dispersive framework is extended to a more general case in which the dissipative coupling is split between its external and intrinsic contribution. We report a complete analysis of the influence of both external and intrinsic optical losses on each of the three coupling mechanisms, highlighting the interest of each optical loss regime. A presentation of the basic model to experimentally identify the three couplings and their relative influence on the optical response is proposed. We also extend the basic tools by analyzing the mechanical dynamics and demonstrating the general expression of the optical spring effect and of optomechanical damping. A comparison between our theoretical model and experimental measurements in photonic crystal systems from the literature yields good agreement.
CDC Maria annual canarygrass (2001)

CDC Mar ia annual canarygrass, developed at the University of Saskatchewan, possesses glabrous hulls that reduce the skin irritation encountered by farmers during the harvesting process. CDC Maria has higher test and kernel weights, but lower grain yields relative to the pubescent cultivar Keet. CDC Maria is adapted to the traditional canaryseed growing regions of Saskatchewan, the brown and black soil zones. Key words: Canaryseed, Phalaris canariensis L., cultivar description, glabrous
Field emission in actuation pads of radio frequency microelectromechanical systems ohmic switches: A potential contamination mechanism (2016)

The field emission current generated across the actuation pads in ohmic MEMS switches during ON state is shown to constitute an additional source of degradation. Switches with Au/Au and Au/Ru contacts have been subjected to 24 h continuous stress. In both cases the switch ohmic contact resistance and field emission current across actuation pads were monitored simultaneously. The experimental results revealed a negligible degradation in Au/Au contact devices while the Au/Ru contact devices show a fast degradation. The experimental results from Au/Au and Ru/Au contact switches have been compared taking into account the plasma generation in the actuation pads.
Purification of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Serotype 2 from Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) Lysate by Chromatographic Nonwoven Membranes (2022)

The success of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based therapeutics in gene therapy poses the need for rapid and efficient processes that can support the growing clinical demand. Nonwoven membranes represent an ideal tool for the future of virus purification: owing to their small fiber diameters and high porosity, they can operate at high flowrates while allowing full access to target viral particles without diffusional limitations. This study describes the development of nonwoven ion-exchange membrane adsorbents for the purification of AAV2 from an Sf9 cell lysate. A strong anion-exchange (AEX) membrane was developed by UV grafting glycidyl methacrylate on a polybutylene terephthalate nonwoven followed by functionalization with triethylamine (TEA), resulting in a quaternary amine ligand (AEX-TEA membrane). When operated in bind-and-elute mode at a pH higher than the pI of the capsids, this membrane exhibited a high AAV2 binding capacity (9.6 × 10<sup>13</sup> vp·mL<sup>-1</sup>) at the residence time of 1 min, and outperformed commercial cast membranes by isolating AAV2 from an Sf9 lysate with high productivity (2.4 × 10<sup>13</sup> capsids·mL<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>) and logarithmic reduction value of host cell proteins (HCP LRV ~ 1.8). An iminodiacetic acid cation-exchange nonwoven (CEX-IDA membrane) was also prepared and utilized at a pH lower than the pI of capsids to purify AAV2 in a bind-and-elute mode, affording high capsid recovery and impurity removal by eluting with a salt gradient. To further increase purity, the CEX-IDA and AEX-TEA membranes were utilized in series to purify the AAV2 from the Sf9 cell lysate. This membrane-based chromatography process also achieved excellent DNA clearance and a recovery of infectivity higher that that reported using ion-exchange resin chromatography.
Neural net based model predictive control of a chaotic continuous solution polymerization reactor (1993)

Continuous polymerization processes may present extreme sensitivity to small changes in the operational conditions. For example, a CSTR for the homopolymerization of VA (vinyl acetate) showed multiple steady-states and oscillatory behavior. In this paper, a predictive control formulation that uses an ANN (artificial neural network) as the internal model of the process is employed to stabilize this reactor and make it less sensitive to disturbances.
Benzofused Heterocycles Via Solid‐Phase S N AR Reactions (1999)

One of the most time-consuming steps in the synthesis of a combinatorial library by solid-phase methods is demonstrating the feasibility and generality of the synthesis of a particular core structure on resin. In this chapter, the authors present a highly versatile synthetic strategy enabling solid-phase syntheses of a variety of pharmacologically relevant, “privileged” templates, such as benzodiazepines, benzothiazepines, and benzimidazoles. Starting from a common intermediate, resin-bound 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid 1a,b, eight different benzofused heterocyclic core structures are assembled using the same basic series of synthetic transformations in conjuntion with core building blocks.
Mitigation of off-axis specular reflection artifacts in diagnostic bone imaging with medical ultrasound using mechanically scanned piston transducers (2011)

Medical ultrasound is a potentially superior alternative to X-ray for bone imaging due to its portability, low cost, and avoidance of ionizing radiation. However, bone imaging, using conventional medical ultrasound systems, exhibits a higher level of artifact when compared with soft tissue imaging, and therefore, clinical efficacy is limited. Simulations in FIELD II were conducted to assess the effects of transducer geometry, imaging parameters, and orientations of specular reflecting surfaces on image artifact. The simulation model was experimentally validated using an Ultrasonix Sonix RP scanner with specular surfaces constructed from fused sheets of PMMA. Simulation and experimental results demonstrated that linear transducer arrays exhibit an increase in artifact signal at higher frequencies where the grating lobe angle, relative to main lobe angle, was reduced and when grating lobes were perpendicularly incident upon off-axis surfaces. The artifact signal was reduced with the linear array geometry when off-axis surfaces were simulated as diffusive scatterers rather than specular reflectors. The simulation model was validated experimentally achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.97 between experimental and simulated on-axis to off-axis peak reflection contrast. This work indicates that off-axis reflections are a major source of ultrasound image artifact particularly in environments comprising specular reflecting (i.e. bone or bone-like) objects. Transducer geometries with reduced sensitivity to off-axis surface reflections, such as a piston transducer geometry, yield reductions in image artifact.
Bridging the Performance Gap Between Two-Way and One-Way CSI-Based 5 GHz WiFi Ranging (2023)

Indoor Localization is gaining increased importance due to numerous location-based services in healthcare, logistics, and security, to name few, that are expected to be provided by next-generation wireless networks. Such services are characterized by stringent accuracy requirements, short response time, and lower cost which makes the localization problem more challenging and deserving of attention. A key element of the localization process is distance estimation (also known as ranging). In this paper, we design and analyze an efficient decimeter-level two-way ranging scheme for ubiquitous WiFi networks in the 5 GHz frequency band whose accuracy approaches ideal one-way ranging with no phase mismatches. We investigate the idea of channel frequency response (CFR) stitching across non-contiguous WiFi channels and how two-way CFR measurements help in achieving the CFR coherency necessary for accurate ranging. In addition, we quantify the decrease in ranging accuracy of two-way compared to one-way ranging due to SNR degradation, Line-of-Sight (LoS) component shrinkage, and doubling the multipath delay spread. Furthermore, We design a novel scheme to bridge the performance gap between two-way ranging and ideal one-way ranging which operates in three main steps: square-root of the two-way CFR, followed by phase unwrapping, and finally deep fade detection and phase errors correction. Our proposed scheme achieves significant performance gains over two-way ranging with only a slight performance gap from ideal one-way ranging. Moreover, our proposed scheme enjoys robustness as it preserves the ranging accuracy gains in various WiFi communication scenarios when operating at different SNR levels, different multipath channel models, and different CFR bandwidths, as well as operating under system impairments such as Sample Timing Offset (STO). The accuracy gains achieved by the proposed schemes are demonstrated using both simulations and an in-house WiFi testbed. Finally, we quantify the added complexity of our proposed scheme and show it to be insignificant compared to that of the MUSIC super-resolution ranging steps which confirms the practical viability of our proposed scheme.
Dasatinib Inhibits Migration and Invasion in Diverse Human Sarcoma Cell Lines and Induces Apoptosis in Bone Sarcoma Cells Dependent on Src Kinase for Survival (2007)

Sarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors for which there are limited treatment options. One potential molecular target for sarcoma treatment is the Src tyrosine kinase. Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a small-molecule inhibitor of Src kinase activity, is a promising cancer therapeutic agent with p.o. bioavailability. Dasatinib exhibits antitumor effects in cultured human cell lines derived from epithelial tumors, including prostate and lung carcinomas. However, the action of dasatinib in mesenchymally derived tumors has yet to be shown. Based on our previous findings of Src activation in human sarcomas, we evaluated the effects of dasatinib in 12 cultured human sarcoma cell lines derived from bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Dasatinib inhibited Src kinase activity at nanomolar concentrations in these sarcoma cell lines. Downstream components of Src signaling, including focal adhesion kinase and Crk-associated substrate (p130(CAS)), were also inhibited at similar concentrations. This inhibition of Src signaling was accompanied by blockade of cell migration and invasion. Moreover, apoptosis was induced in the osteosarcoma and Ewing's subset of bone sarcomas at nanomolar concentrations of dasatinib. Inhibition of Src protein expression by small interfering RNA also induced apoptosis, indicating that these bone sarcoma cell lines are dependent on Src activity for survival. These results show that dasatinib inhibits migration and invasion of diverse sarcoma cell types and selectively blocks the survival of bone sarcoma cells. Therefore, dasatinib may provide therapeutic benefit by preventing the growth and metastasis of sarcomas in patients.
First International Meeting on Quadruplex DNA (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVIn FocusNEXTFirst International Meeting on Quadruplex DNAW. David Wilson†* and Hiroshi Sugiyama‡*View Author Information† Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303‡ Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan* Corresponding authors, [email protected], [email protected]Cite this: ACS Chem. Biol. 2007, 2, 9, 589–594Publication Date (Web):September 21, 2007Publication History Received6 August 2007Published online21 September 2007Published inissue 1 September 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cb7001686https://doi.org/10.1021/cb7001686newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views650Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cells,Chemical structure,Conformation,Genetics,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Polypyrrole Oligosaccharide Array and Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging for the Measurement of Glycosaminoglycan Binding Interactions (2008)

In order to construct tools able to screen oligosaccharide-protein interactions, we have developed a polypyrrole-based oligosaccharide chip constructed via a copolymerization process of pyrrole and pyrrole-modified oligosaccharide. For our study, GAG (glycosaminoglycans) or GAG fragments, which are involved in many fundamental biological processes, were modified by the pyrrole moiety on their reducing end and then immobilized on the chip. The parallel binding events on the upperside of the surface can be simultaneously monitored and quantified in real time and without labeling by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). We show that electrocopolymerization of the oligosaccharide-pyrrole above a gold surface enables the covalent immobilization of multiple probes and the subsequent monitoring of their binding capacities using surface plasmon resonance imaging. Moreover, a biological application was made involving different GAG fragments and different proteins, including stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and monoclonal antibody showing different affinity pattern.
Real-time decoding of bladder pressure from pelvic nerve activity (2017)

Abstract Real time algorithms for decoding physiological signals from peripheral nerve recordings form an important component of closed loop bioelectronic medicine (electroceutical) systems. As a feasibility demonstration, we considered the problem of decoding bladder pressure from pelvic nerve electroneurograms. We extracted power spectral density of the nerve signal across a band optimised for Shannon Mutual Information, followed by linearization via piece-wise linear regression, and finally decoded signal reconstruction through optimal linear filtering. We demonstrate robust and effective reconstruction of bladder pressure, both prior to and following pharmacological manipulation.
Therapeutic potential of perivascular cells from human pluripotent stem cells (2013)

Vascularization of injured tissues or artificial grafts is a major challenge in tissue engineering, stimulating a continued search for alternative sources for vasculogenic cells and the development of therapeutic strategies. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), either embryonic or induced, offer a plentiful platform for the derivation of large numbers of vasculogenic cells, as required for clinical transplantations. Various protocols for generation of vasculogenic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from hPSCs have been described with considerably different SMC derivatives. In addition, we recently identified hPSC-derived pericytes, which are similar to their physiological counterparts, exhibiting unique features of blood vessel-residing perivascular cells, as well as multipotent mesenchymal precursors with therapeutic angiogenic potential. In this review we refer to methodologies for the development of a variety of perivascular cells from hPSCs with respect to developmental induction, differentiation capabilities, potency and their dual function as mesenchymal precursors. The therapeutic effect of hPSC-derived perivascular cells in experimental models of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are described and compared to those of their native physiological counterparts.
A dual-band CMOS CDMA transmitter without SAW and Driver Amplifier (2009)

A SAW-less dual-band I/Q transmitter without a Driver Amplifier (DA) is designed for dual-band (PCS/IMT, cellular) CDMA applications. The receive band noise is better than -159 dBc/Hz. It can provide up to +5 dBm output power and meets the ACPR and dynamic range requirements of both PCS/IMT and cellular CDMA. The measured S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</sub> is better than -10 dB for both bands and it requires no external matching components. The transmitter is implemented in a 65 nm digital CMOS technology, and is packaged using flip-chip technology. The transmitter signal path (RF portion) occupies 1.0 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Oxazole (2005)

[288-42-6] C3H3NO (MW 69.07) InChI = 1S/C3H3NO/c1-2-5-3-4-1/h1-3H InChIKey = ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-aza Diels–Alder diene,2 precursor to N-formylformamide3) Physical Data: mp −87 to −84 °C; bp 69–70 °C; d 1.050 g cm−3; λmax 205 nm (ε 3900). Form Supplied in: colorless oil. Preparative Methods: two methods have been reported for the preparation of oxazole.4, 5 The more recent approach entails three steps (eqs 1 and 2) and an overall yield of 39%. (1) (2)
Dendritic bias of neurons in rat somatosensory cortex associated with a functional boundary (1999)

Sensory information is encoded throughout the central nervous system by activation of specific groups of neurons. Neurons encoding information from a particular modality are grouped together and constitute an ordered neural representation or "map" of the stimulus. The organization of these representations is not static, but is capable of significant alteration in response to changes in the patterns of inputs delivered to the cortex in the appropriate behavioral context. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms that account for discontinuities in cortical representations are important for understanding both information processing in the cortex and plasticity of cortical organization. It is clear that both anatomic and physiologic mechanisms underlie both the genesis and the plasticity of these representations; however, their exact contributions are not fully understood. To examine neuronal anatomy around a representational border in rat primary somatosensory cortex (S1), a novel in vivo/in vitro preparation was used in which the location of the border between the forepaw and lower jaw representations in rat S1 was determined electrophysiologically and marked by dye iontophoresis in vivo. By using in vitro slices from the region in which this border was marked, the morphologies of single cortical layer 2/3 neurons close to and far from the border were determined by intracellular injection of biocytin. Neurons close to the border had dendritic arbors that were significantly biased away from the border; neurons far from the border did not. This bias was due to a decrease in the number of neurites that specifically crossed the border with a concomitant increase in other near-border parts of the neuron, consistent with the ideas that patterns of activity are important for neurite outgrowth and that neurons maintain a relatively constant total neurite extent. These findings confirm the close association of cortical anatomy and physiology and illustrate their relationships with cortical representational discontinuities.
THE OLD-TIMERS' TALE (1995)

In American cities nostalgic invocations of the past are frequently used to express dissatisfaction with the present. Ethnographers often report these invocations at face value and tend to pay little attention to the context in which they are constructed and the purposes to which they are put. This article analyzes the meanings of the nostalgic narratives of the remnant working-class White population of what is now a predominantly Black and Puerto Rican area. These tales tell of a community once characterized by communal solidarity and economic self-sufficiency and how it has been destroyed by “outsiders.” This view allows working-class Whites to establish the value of a stigmatized neighborhood and helps them claim that they, not the neighborhood's non-White majority, are the “authentic” voice of the community. In this respect the tales are a form of symbolic capital that can be deployed in local political conflicts.
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of midazolam effects on the human central nervous system (1988)

The effect of midazolam on alpha-activity of the EEG and latency of the P-100 of the visual evoked response (VER) was studied in six healthy subjects. Drug concentration was related to effect with the Emax model that was used with either a threshold drug concentration or a sigmoid exponent. An effect compartment was included in the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. Four subjects showed hysteresis, and mean values of half-lives-k(eo) ranged from 0.26 to 0.60 hour. Mean values of EC50 ranged from 42.0 to 48.1 ng/ml. Goodness of fit did not differ significantly between the sigmoid Emax model and the threshold Emax model. The sigmoid exponent estimated was 3.7 +/- 1.8 (EEG, mean +/- SD) and 2.9 +/- 1.4 (VER); the threshold concentration was estimated at 15.7 +/- 11.1 ng/ml (EEG) and 11.3 +/- 7.0 ng/ml (VER). We conclude that the Emax model adequately describes the relationship between midazolam concentration and effect and that the sigmoid exponent can be substituted by a threshold drug concentration, with a comparable fit of the model to the data.