gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic Electricity II: The Effect of Particle Size, Solvent Permittivity, Applied Voltage, and Temperature on Fluorophore-Induced Plasmonic Current (2020)

In a recent paper, our laboratory has shown that fluorophores in close proximity to a non-continuous metal nanoparticle film can induce a detectable electrical current in the film. This current was found directly proportional to the fluorophore extinction coefficient and concentration when excited with p-polarized light. This finding threatens to change the way we both think about and use fluorescence spectroscopy as no longer do we have to use and are limited by traditional photodetectors and associated optics to collect and measure fluorescence signatures. This approach holds potential to significantly simplify fluorescence-based instrumentation. In this paper, we significantly expand upon our previous findings and show that plasmonic current is a function of the nanoparticle size and spacing in the film, which is explained by the concentric sphere model for nanoparticle capacitance. We also demonstrate the dependence of plasmonic current on the relative permittivity of the solvent, and that in an excess of salt, the fluorophore-induced current is significantly greater than the background current. This paves the way for downstream plasmonic assays in a variety of biological media. In addition, we have measured plasmonic current as a function of both applied bias voltage and temperature, allowing for the optimization of the fluorophore-induced plasmonic current. These findings allow for not only a better understanding of plasmonic current but also its optimization as it relates to fluorescence-based detection.
Segmented Thermal Barrier Coating Solutions for Turbine Applications (2020)

Abstract Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with segmented or cracked microstructures exhibit enhanced thermal cyclic behavior and erosion resistance, along with improved application economics, over conventional TBCs.
Design and testing of an ultrasonic system with integrated diagnostic and therapy modes (2004)

Our laboratories developed and tested a system integrating high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) with diagnostic ultrasound procedures for aiming, delivering, and monitoring treatment exposures. The system employs 5-MHz, 5-element spherical-cap HIFU arrays with annular electrodes (for variable focusing) or strip electrodes (for inducing broad lesions of controlled width). Central apertures in these arrays house a coaxial diagnostic phased array (48 elements), interfaced with a custom digital system for visualization and RF echo acquisition. Several operational modes were investigated. A preexposure mode permits the HIFU focal point to be aimed at the desired location in B-mode images. It also assesses harmonic generation in the HIFU beam, using the diagnostic array to receive and spectrally analyze echoes from a short HIFU pulse aimed at targeted tissues. Radiation-force elastography uses the diagnostic array to monitor tissue displacements induced by brief exposures from the HIFU transducer; pre- and posttherapy data are compared to delineate mechanical alterations in lesioned volumes. Acquired pre- and post-RF data are also spectrally analyzed to map changes in scattering and attenuation indicative of lesion production. These modes have been successfully tested under in vitro conditions and are now entering use in animal studies aimed at treating cancer and cardiac diseases.
Characterization of a Mixed Salt of 1-Hydroxypyridin-2-one Pu(IV) Complexes (2007)

A single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the mixed salt of hydroxypyridonate Pu(IV) complexes is presented; [Pu(1,2-HOPO)3(H2O)2·ClO4] [Pu(1,2-HOPO)4] crystallizes in P21 with the asymmetric unit containing two distinct eight-coordinate Pu(IV) complexes, one tris(bidentate) and the other tetrakis(bidentate). The structure of this complex is compared to the analogous Ce(IV)- and Th(IV)-1,2-HOPO structures.
Figure S3 from Autocrine Adenosine Regulates Tumor Polyfunctional CD73<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> Effector T Cells Devoid of Immune Checkpoints (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Sensitivity of CD73+ and CD73neg CD4+ Teff proliferation to AMP and impact of CD73 inhibitor (APCP) assessed by microscopy and flow cytometry analysis.&lt;/p&gt;
Hierarchical Segment Support for Categorical Image Labeling (2013)

This paper introduces a novel method for categorical image labeling, where each pixel is uniquely assigned to one of a set of unordered, discrete labels. Starting from provided label-depending pixel likelihoods we (a) exploit a segment hierarchy as spatial support to define powerful priors and (b) introduce an efficient and effective inference method, that can be implemented in a few lines of code. Experiments show that competitive labeling accuracy compared to related discrete, continuous, segmentation and filtering approaches is achieved.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Lrig1 Is an Estrogen-Regulated Growth Suppressor and Correlates with Longer Relapse-Free Survival in ERα-Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2.38MB&lt;/p&gt;
Non-traditional Physics-based Inverse Approaches for Determining a Buried Object's Location (2008)

Abstract : The research described in this report was conducted in fulfillment of Project MM-1592, Non-traditional physics-based inverse approaches for determining a buried object's location submitted to the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program's (SERDP) Exploratory Development Program (SEED) in response to Statement of Need MMSEED-07-02, Advanced Technologies for Detection, Discrimination, and Remediation of Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC): UXO Technology. The main focus of this research was to explore and develop new electromagnetic inverse scattering approaches for estimating the locations and orientations of buried objects that would not involve the solution of an ill-posed nonlinear minimization problem and that would be sufficiently robust and efficient to be used in real field UXO discrimination. We concentrated on the fundamental aspects and potential practical applicability to the UXO problem of three novel physics-based approaches: (1) pole-series expansions, (2) energy gradients, and (3) use of the physical properties of left-handed media (LHM). All three methods assume that targets' responses can be approximately reproduced by means of a set of magnetic dipoles-the scattered field singularities-distributed in particular points inside the objects. The algorithms are implemented using a numerical technique called the Normalized Surface Magnetic Source (NSMS) model. We studied the accuracy with which the methods can estimate an object's location, orientation, and equivalent magnetic polarizability, their robustness with respect to noise, their computational speed, and their requirements with regard to data quality and quantity. We ultimately wanted to determine which of these three techniques would be practical and reliable for use in real UXO production runs.
Quantitative Risk Assessment of Cyber Attacks on Cyber-Physical Systems using Attack Graphs (2022)

Over the past decade, the number of cyber attack incidents targeting critical infrastructures such as the electrical power system has increased. To assess the risk of cyber attacks on the cyber-physical system, a holistic approach is needed that considers both system layers. However, the existing risk assessment methods are either qualitative in nature or employ probabilistic models to study the impact on only one system layer. Hence, in this work, we propose a quantitative risk assessment method for cyber-physical systems based on probabilistic and deterministic techniques. The former uses attack graphs to evaluate the attack likelihood, while the latter analyzes the potential cyber-physical impact. This is achieved through a dynamic cyber-physical power system model, i.e., digital twin, able to simulate power system cascading failures caused by cyber attacks. Additionally, we propose a domain-specific language to describe the assets of digital substations and thereby model the attack graphs. Using the proposed method, combined risk metrics are calculated that consider the likelihood and impact of cyber threat scenarios. The risk assessment is conducted using the IEEE 39-bus system, consisting of 27 user-defined digital substations. These substations serve as the backbone of the examined cyber system layer and as entry-points for the attackers. Results indicate that cyber attacks on specific substations can cause major cascading failures or even a blackout. Thereby, the proposed method identifies the most critical substations and assets that must be cyber secured.
Advances in Thin Wafer Debonding and Ultrathin 28-nm FinFET Substrate Transfer (2017)

Over the past few years, temporary bonding has expanded together with the development of 3D stacked IC (SIC) technology. As maturity of the various processes has constantly improved, process yield and process impact on device performance have become key questions to answer. To further answer the refraining elements preventing a more massive technology adoption, in-line testing of the device throughout the overall thinning process has become a real challenge. For this reason, reaccessing the original wafer frontside after the wafer has been thinned now needs to be addressed. Hence this contribution is dealing with the transfer of thin substrate between various temporary carrier substrates. Over the past few years, temporary bonding has expanded together with the development of 3D stacked IC (SIC) technology. As maturity of the various processes has constantly improved, process yield and process impact on device performance have become key questions to answer. To further answer the refraining elements preventing a more massive technology adoption, in-line testing of the device throughout the overall thinning process has become a real challenge. For this reason, reaccessing the original wafer frontside after the wafer has been thinned now needs to be addressed. Hence this contribution is dealing with the transfer of thin substrate between various temporary carrier substrates.
Inter-modal Raman amplification of OAM fiber modes (2019)

Raman scattering among conventional linearly polarized (LP) modes in single mode optical fibers is generally accepted as a promising way to achieve distributed amplification due to the fact that Raman amplification may provide gain at any wavelength, determined by the used pump wavelength, and excellent noise performance. Here, we show that Raman scattering among orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in optical fibers have similar properties. We show theoretically that the Raman gain among OAM modes is independent on the topological charge of the OAM modes and that the gain efficiency when the pump and signal are parallel (orthogonally) polarized is similar to the Raman scattering among LP modes in parallel (orthogonal) states of polarization. In addition, we experimentally characterize Raman gain among OAM modes in a fiber supporting multiple OAM modes for both the pump and signal. Finally, we discuss the impact of polarization mode dispersion.
Field Validation of 3-Dimensional Drag Model for Tractor and Cable-Conveyed Well Intervention (2001)

Abstract Field data is presented to validate the accuracy of a mathematical model to predict the drag forces involved in conveying tools into and out of deviated wells with cable (wireline or slickline). The curvature of deviated wells significantly increases drag and introduces non-linearity in the cumulative drag developed between the downhole tool and the surface. The model incorporates analysis of fluid flow in the wellbore to estimate total drag. The ability of a wireline tractor to deploy the tools into horizontal well sections may also be evaluated via the model. The model has been implemented in a computer program to numerically estimate and graphically represent the behavior of wireline and slickline cables in deviated and vertical wells.
High‐Pressure Carbonylation of Metal‐Coordinated Carbenes and Hydrogenolysis of the Ketene Complexes (1978)

A model of a step in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has been found in the newly accomplished high-pressure carbonylation of the carbene complexes (1) to the ketene complexes (2). Hydrogenolysis of (2) is also new.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea Strain B (ATCC 29581) (2013)

We report the 4.049-Mbp high-quality draft assembly of the Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea strain B (ATCC 29581) genome. This marine species is known to biosynthesize several antimicrobial compounds, including the purple pigment violacein. Whole-genome sequencing and genome mining will complement experimental studies aimed at elucidating novel biosynthetic pathways capable of producing pharmaceutically relevant molecules. Based upon 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, we propose that strain ATCC 29581 be classified as a distinct phylogenetic species of the genus Pseudoalteromonas.
Analysis of the torque production mechanism for flux-switching permanent magnet machines (2014)

This paper investigates the principles underlying torque production in a flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine. Because the phase windings and permanent magnets in FSPM machines are both located on the stator, the torque production mechanism is not the same as for a conventional PM synchronous machine. Spatial harmonic analysis is applied to examine the frequency components present in the electric loading and magnetic loading of the machine. Since torque is proportional to the product of the electric and magnetic loading, understanding the source of the principal harmonics in these waveforms yields powerful insights into the components that result in torque production. The analysis is first presented for a specific FSPM machine (12-slot, 10-pole) and then extended to a general FSPM machine. The primary torque-producing harmonics in the airgap flux density waveform are found to be the heterodyned harmonics of the MMF produced by the stator magnets and the airgap permeance seen by the stator looking into the rotor. Analytical results are compared to results from finite element (FE) analysis and exhibit good agreement.
A Scalable Machine Learning System for Pre-Season Agriculture Yield Forecast (2018)

Yield forecast is essential to agriculture stakeholders and can be obtained with the use of machine learning models and data coming from multiple sources. Most solutions for yield forecast rely on NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data, which is time-consuming to be acquired and processed. To bring scalability for yield forecast, in the present paper we describe a system that incorporates satellite-derived precipitation and soil properties datasets, seasonal climate forecasting data from physical models and other sources to produce a pre-season prediction of soybean/maize yield---with no need of NDVI data. This system provides significantly useful results by the exempting the need for high-resolution remote-sensing data and allowing farmers to prepare for adverse climate influence on the crop cycle. In our studies, we forecast the soybean and maize yields for Brazil and USA, which corresponded to 44% of the world's grain production in 2016. Results show the error metrics for soybean and maize yield forecasts are comparable to similar systems that only provide yield forecast information in the first weeks to months of the crop cycle.
Single‐Centre Model for the Active Site of α‐Chymotrypsin (1986)

Abstract The polymer‐bound heptapeptide H‐Glu‐His‐Pro‐Gly‐Ser‐Gly‐PEGM was designed as a ‘single‐centre model’ for the active site of α‐chymotrypsin. The peptide was synthesized according to the general principles of the liquid‐phase method for peptide synthesis, and its conformational properties were investigated by CD and IR spectroscopy in solution and in the solid state. In harmony with empirical prediction codes, experimental and theoretical conformational considerations, the peptide adopts a β‐turn conformation stabilized by H‐bonds involving the side chains of Glu, His, and Ser. The development of a H‐bonded system similar to the active site of α‐chymotrypsin leads to implications with respect to a possible catalytic activity of the model peptide.
Change in Cervical Length After Cerclage as a Predictor of Preterm Delivery (2000)

In Brief Objective To determine whether the degree of cervical lengthening after cerclage and whether serial follow-up measurements of cervical length after cerclage are predictive of pregnancy outcome. Methods Eighty women whose primary physician determined that a prophylactic (n = 50) or urgent cerclage (n = 30) was indicated had transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation before and after cerclage. Thereafter, most women had three additional transvaginal ultrasound examinations until 32 weeks' gestation. At each examination, the mean of three measurements was calculated. Statistical analyses were done by t test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression, with significance set at P < .05. Results The mean ± standard deviation precerclage cervical length was 27.2 ± 10.3 mm and after cerclage was 34.1 ± 9.9 mm (n = 80, P < .001, paired t test). No significant association was found (r = −0.26) between the difference in cervical length (postcerclage − precerclage lengths) and pregnancy outcome. Patients with a prophylactic cerclage had a mean cervical length that was consistently longer in patients delivering at term compared with those who delivered preterm at 20 to 32 weeks' gestation. In the urgent cerclage group a significant difference in cervical length between those who delivered at term compared with preterm was evident only at 28 to 32 weeks. Conclusion The increase in cervical length after cerclage is not predictive of term delivery. Serial cervical length measurements in the late second or early third trimester predict preterm birth but could provide earlier warning in patients with a prophylactic cerclage than in patients with urgent cerclage. The increase in cervical length after cerclage generally disappears and progressive shortening of the cervix between 24 and 32 weeks' gestation predicts preterm birth.
Positologica: A Positron ECT Device with a Continuously Rotating Detector Ring (1980)

A rotary positron emission computed tomography device is developed for human brain and animal studies. The device utilizes 64 rectangular BGO detectors arranged at unequal spacing on a circular ring. The detector ring is continuously rotated at a constant speed of 60 rpm or less. This single continuous motion of the ring with the detector array provides excellent sampling characteristics and high detector redundancy. The device has a field of view 24 cm in diameter with a slice thickness adjustable from 1 cm to 2 cm. Measured width of system response to a 2 mm diameter line source is 5.8 mm FWHM at the center and less than 9 mm FWHM within a circle 16 cm in diameter. Measured sensitivity including scattered coincidence events is about 17 kcps/pCi/ml for a 20 cm diameter water phantom and 2 cm thick slice.
Beacon: a novel gene involved in the regulation of energy balance. (2000)

The hypothalamus plays a major role in the control of energy balance via the coordination of several neuropeptides and their receptors. We used a unique polygenic animal model of obesity, Psammomys obesus, and performed differential display polymerase chain reaction on hypothalamic mRNA samples to identify novel genes involved in obesity. In this study, we describe a novel gene that encodes a small protein we have termed "beacon." Beacon mRNA gene expression in the hypothalamus was positively correlated with percentage of body fat. Intracerebroventricular infusion of beacon resulted in a dose-dependent increase in food intake and body weight and an increase in hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY). Simultaneous infusion of beacon and NPY significantly potentiated the orexigenic response and resulted in rapid body weight gain. These data suggest a role for beacon in the regulation of energy balance and body weight homeostasis that may be mediated, at least in part, through the NPY pathway.
Abstract 18: Coronary Perfusion Pressure in VF and in PEA/A Cardiac Arrest Animals (2011)

We hypothesized that equivalent chest compressions are less effective at perfusing the heart in pulseless electrical activity/asystole (PEA/A) cardiac arrest than in ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. We tested this hypothesis in two swine models of cardiac arrest. Two groups of pigs (33+4 kg) were anesthetized and instrumented to measure coronary perfusion pressure (CPP). CPP was calculated as aortic minus right atrial pressure measured just before the initiation of a chest compression. Group 1 underwent 5 minutes of unsupported electrically induced ventricular fibrillation. Group 2 animals were ventilated with a 12% oxygen and balance nitrogen mixture until aortic pulsations were less than 2 mmHg. Animals remained unsupported for an additional 6 minutes. Both groups were resuscitated with chest compressions (100/min) and ventilations (100% O2, 10/min). After 7 minutes, Group 1 animals were defibrillated. Resuscitation continued until either return of spontaneous circulation occurred or 20 minutes elapsed. Return of spontaneous circulation occurred in 6 of 7 Group 1 and 2 of 6 Group 2 pigs. CPP during resuscitation started at ~5 mmHg for both groups. Group 1 CPP increased to 13 mmHg in the first 3 minutes of chest compressions while the CPP in Group 2 remained at 5 mmHg. Decompression central venous pressure was the same for both groups (7 mmHg). CPP correlated with decompression aortic pressure in both groups. CPP was lower in Group 2 animals than in Group 1 animals and this difference was reflected in the number of animals who had return of spontaneous circulation. This data would suggest that one reason why PEA/A patients survive cardiac arrest less frequently than VF patients is that chest compressions perfuse the heart less effectively in PEA/A patients than in VF patients.
Dynamic mechanical analysis of the effect of water on glass bead‐epoxy composites (1996)

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) has been used to investigate the effect of water and glass bead surface treatment on the properties of glass bead–epoxy composites. By treating or not treating the glass beads with a silane coupling agent, we fabricated composites with ostensibly good or poor interfacial adhesion. SEM images of fracture surfaces and water uptake data confirmed this picture. We used dynamic mechanical tests to measure the material properties of dry and wet specimens. Temperature sweep tests of atmosphere-conditioned specimens indicated that the value of the loss tangent at the temperature of the α-α-relaxation peak was most sensitive to interfacial adhesion. For wet specimens, the magnitude of an additional relaxation process, denoted as the ω-relaxation, correlated strongly with water uptake and, indirectly, interfacial adhesion. Master curves constructed from frequency sweep tests also manifested differences among dry and wet specimens, but shift factor data suggested that these tests were more prone to complications due to water loss. Apparent activation energies of α- and β-relaxation processes were statistically significant indicators of interfacial adhesion in dry and wet composites, respectively. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.