gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical Prediction of Locally-Forced Turbulent Separated and Reattaching Flow (1999)

An unsteady numerical simulation was performed for locally forced separated and reattaching flow over a backward-facing step. The local forcing was given to the separated and reattaching flow by means of a sinusoidally oscillating jet from a separation line. A version of the k–e–fμ model was employed, in which the near-wall behavior without reference to distance and the nonequilibrium effect in the recirculation region were incorporated. The Reynolds number based on the step height (H) was fixed at ReH = 33 000, and the forcing frequency was varied in the range 0 ≤ StH ≤ 2. The predicted results were compared and validated with the experimental data of Chun and Sung (1996, 1998). It was shown that the unsteady locally forced separated and reattaching flows are predicted reasonably well with the k–e–fμ model. To characterize the large-scale vortex evolution due to the local forcing, numerical flow visualizations were carried out.
FAST: towards safe and effective subcutaneous immunotherapy of persistent life‐threatening food allergies (2012)

The FAST project (Food Allergy Specific Immunotherapy) aims at the development of safe and effective treatment of food allergies, targeting prevalent, persistent and severe allergy to fish and peach. Classical allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT), using subcutaneous injections with aqueous food extracts may be effective but has proven to be accompanied by too many anaphylactic side-effects. FAST aims to develop a safe alternative by replacing food extracts with hypoallergenic recombinant major allergens as the active ingredients of SIT. Both severe fish and peach allergy are caused by a single major allergen, parvalbumin (Cyp c 1) and lipid transfer protein (Pru p 3), respectively. Two approaches are being evaluated for achieving hypoallergenicity, i.e. site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification. The most promising hypoallergens will be produced under GMP conditions. After pre-clinical testing (toxicology testing and efficacy in mouse models), SCIT with alum-absorbed hypoallergens will be evaluated in phase I/IIa and IIb randomized double-blind placebo-controlled (DBPC) clinical trials, with the DBPC food challenge as primary read-out. To understand the underlying immune mechanisms in depth serological and cellular immune analyses will be performed, allowing identification of novel biomarkers for monitoring treatment efficacy. FAST aims at improving the quality of life of food allergic patients by providing a safe and effective treatment that will significantly lower their threshold for fish or peach intake, thereby decreasing their anxiety and dependence on rescue medication.
Response to faecal microbiota transplantation in ulcerative colitis is not sustained long term following induction therapy (2020)

We read with interest the paper by Ng et al, 1 which discussed the need to optimise faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) processes in order to increase its therapeutic potential, especially in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While there is randomised controlled trial evidence that FMT can be effective in the induction of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC),2–5 the durability of therapeutic response following FMT cessation is unknown. Furthermore, there is limited long-term safety data following FMT, especially in patients with IBD. In the FOCUS study, FMT delivered via an initial colonoscopy infusion, followed by enema therapy for 8 weeks was effective in mild to moderate UC remission induction.2 Here, we report the long-term outcomes from the FOCUS study.

Enrolled study participants who received FMT (2013–2015) were contacted to assess time to disease relapse for patients in clinical remission following FMT induction (defined as worsening symptoms requiring escalation of medical therapy or surgery), disease progression and the development of adverse events or new medical conditions.

Long-term data were obtained from 87% (68/78) of participants who received FMT, with a median follow-up of …
Respiratory syncytial virus infection in inbred mice (1979)

Respiratory syncytial virus infected the nose and lungs of each of 20 strains of inbred mice, with viral titers varying 100-fold from least permissive to most permissive strains. Viral titers appeared to be under genetic control, but did not correlate with the H-2 haplotype.
The impact of growth hormone on proteomic profiles: a review of mouse and adult human studies (2017)

Growth hormone (GH) is a protein that is known to stimulate postnatal growth, counter regulate insulin's action and induce expression of insulin-like growth factor-1. GH exerts anabolic or catabolic effects depending upon on the targeted tissue. For instance, GH increases skeletal muscle and decreases adipose tissue mass. Our laboratory has spent the past two decades studying these effects, including the effects of GH excess and depletion, on the proteome of several mouse and human tissues. This review first discusses proteomic techniques that are commonly used for these types of studies. We then examine the proteomic differences found in mice with excess circulating GH (bGH mice) or mice with disruption of the GH receptor gene (GHR<sup>-/-</sup>). We also describe the effects of increased and decreased GH action on the proteome of adult patients with either acromegaly, GH deficiency or patients after short-term GH treatment. Finally, we explain how these proteomic studies resulted in the discovery of potential biomarkers for GH action, particularly those related with the effects of GH on aging, glucose metabolism and body composition.
Laser Driven Miniature Diamond Implant for Wireless Retinal Prostheses (2020)

The design and benchtop operation of a wireless miniature epiretinal stimulator implant is reported. The implant is optically powered and controlled using safe illumination at near-infrared wavelengths. An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) hosting a digital control unit is used to control the implant's electrodes. The ASIC is powered using an advanced photovoltaic (PV) cell and programmed using a single photodiode. Diamond packaging technology is utilized to achieve high-density integration of the implant optoelectronic circuitry, as well as individual connections between a stimulator chip and 256 electrodes, within a 4.6 mm × 3.7 mm × 0.9 mm implant package. An ultrahigh efficiency PV cell with a monochromatic power conversion efficiency of 55% is used to power the implant. On-board photodetection circuity with a bandwidth of 3.7 MHz is used for forward data telemetry of stimulation parameters. In comparison to implants which utilize inductively coupled coils, laser power delivery enables a high degree of miniaturization and lower surgical complexity. The device presented combines the benefits of implant miniaturization and a flexible stimulation strategy provided by a dedicated stimulator chip. This development provides a route to fully wireless miniaturized minimally invasive implants with sophisticated functionalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Complexation of Fullerenes (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Magnetic ordering in a weakly coupled Fe/V(001) superlattice (2002)

A large shift of the ordering temperature is observed in an ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}/{\mathrm{V}}_{13}(001)$ superlattice upon altering the interlayer coupling ${J}^{\ensuremath{'}}.$ The modification of ${J}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ is accomplished by temporary alloying of the V spacer layers with hydrogen. A phase with short-range magnetic order is found in a wide temperature range between the paramagnetic phase and the onset of long-range order. It is interpreted as two-dimensional-XY behavior and is attributed to the absence of an in-plane magnetic anisotropy and the vanishing of the interlayer exchange coupling close to the ordering temperature.
Consensus Statement on Bone Conduction Devices and Active Middle Ear Implants in Conductive and Mixed Hearing Loss (2022)

Nowadays, several options are available to treat patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss. Whenever surgical intervention is not possible or contra-indicated, and amplification by a conventional hearing device (e.g., behind-the-ear device) is not feasible, then implantable hearing devices are an indispensable next option. Implantable bone-conduction devices and middle-ear implants have advantages but also limitations concerning complexity/invasiveness of the surgery, medical complications, and effectiveness. To counsel the patient, the clinician should have a good overview of the options with regard to safety and reliability as well as unequivocal technical performance data. The present consensus document is the outcome of an extensive iterative process including ENT specialists, audiologists, health-policy scientists, and representatives/technicians of the main companies in this field. This document should provide a first framework for procedures and technical characterization to enhance effective communication between these stakeholders, improving health care.
Report of a workshop on technical approaches to construction of a seafloor geomagnetic observatory (1995)

In 1994, a Geomagnetic Observatory Task Group was formed by the US Geodynamics Committee and charged with examing the status and possible enhancement of the global geomagnetic observatory network. Their report addressed the scientific benefits of expandig the observatory base, and in parcular proposed the instaation of 40 new observatories. of which 8 would be located on the seafoor in areas where laid sites are not feasible. They alo recommended that a workshop be convened to examine the techncal feasibilty of constrctig permanent geomagnetic observatories on the seafloor. Ths meetig was held in November 1994 in Wood Hole.
Vacuolar H+-ATPase Is Expressed in Response to Gibberellin during Tomato Seed Germination (1999)

Abstract Completion of germination (radicle emergence) by gibberellin (GA)-deficient (gib-1) mutant tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds is dependent upon exogenous GA, because weakening of the endosperm tissue enclosing the radicle tip requires GA. To investigate genes that may be involved in endosperm weakening or embryo growth, differential cDNA display was used to identify mRNAs differentially expressed in gib-1 seeds imbibed in the presence or absence of GA4+7. Among these was a GA-responsive mRNA encoding the 16-kD hydrophobic subunit c of the V0 membrane sector of vacuolar H+-translocating ATPases (V-ATPase), which we termed LVA-P1. LVA-P1 mRNA expression in gib-1 seeds was dependent on GA and was particularly abundant in the micropylar region prior to radicle emergence. Both GA dependence and tissue localization ofLVA-P1 mRNA expression were confirmed directly in individual gib-1 seeds using tissue printing.LVA-P1 mRNA was also expressed in wild-type seeds during development and germination, independent of exogenous GA. Specific antisera detected protein subunits A and B of the cytoplasmic V1 sector of the V-ATPase holoenzyme complex ingib-1 seeds only in the presence of GA, and expression was localized to the micropylar region. The results suggest that V-ATPase plays a role in GA-regulated germination of tomato seeds.
An innovative role of thyroid receptor β in triple‐negative breast cancer (58.4) (2014)

Background Currently endocrine treatment is the most effective therapeutic strategy in patients affected by estrogen‐receptor (ERα) positive breast cancer cells. In contrast, treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a major clinical problem due to the lack of useful therapeutic targets. Microarray analysis demonstrated that THRβ is one of the most expressed receptors in TNBC cells. Aim of our study was to evaluate THRβ’s role in TNBC. Experimental Design and Methods Microarray and predicition analysis, qRT‐PCR, THRβ shRNAs for stable clones using pGIPZ lentiviral vectors, MTT, soft‐agar assays, immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays. Results Statistical analysis using a published dataset 1 showed that patients with low THRβ have a poor clinical outcome. ShTHRβ stable clones were resistant to chemodrugs (doxorubicin and docetaxel), while specific THRβ agonists increased sensitivity to these agents. Interestingly, THRβ agonists through post‐traslational modifications enhanced ERα expression and activity rendering the cells sensitive to the inhibitory effects of the antiestrogen tamoxifen on growth. Conclusion THRβ might represent a predicitive and prognostic marker in TNBC patients. THRβ agonists can enhance chemosensitivity and by restoring ERα expression make cells targetable for hormone therapy.
Network Architecture and Service Realization (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Public Switched Telephone Network and Integrated Service Digital Network Data Networks and the Internet Cellular Systems Quality of Service The IP Multimedia Subsystem The TISPAN Next Generation Network Multimedia Telephony Realization
NuSAP, a Mitotic RanGTP Target That Stabilizes and Cross-links Microtubules (2006)

Nucleolar and spindle-associated protein (NuSAP) was recently identified as a microtubule- and chromatin-binding protein in vertebrates that is nuclear during interphase. Small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of NuSAP resulted in aberrant spindle formation, missegregation of chromosomes, and ultimately blocked cell proliferation. We show here that NuSAP is enriched on chromatin-proximal microtubules at meiotic spindles in Xenopus oocytes. When added at higher than physiological levels to Xenopus egg extract, NuSAP induces extensive bundling of spindle microtubules and causes bundled microtubules within spindle-like structures to become longer. In vitro reconstitution experiments reveal two direct effects of NuSAP on microtubules: first, it can efficiently stabilize microtubules against depolymerization, and second, it can cross-link large numbers of microtubules into aster-like structures, thick fibers, and networks. With defined components we show that the activity of NuSAP is differentially regulated by Importin (Imp) alpha, Impbeta, and Imp7. While Impalpha and Imp7 appear to block the microtubule-stabilizing activity of NuSAP, Impbeta specifically suppresses aspects of the cross-linking activity of NuSAP. We propose that to achieve full NuSAP functionality at the spindle, all three importins must be dissociated by RanGTP. Once activated, NuSAP may aid to maintain spindle integrity by stabilizing and cross-linking microtubules around chromatin.
Tibial Tubercle Avulsion (1989)

In brief: Tibial tubercle avulsion is an uncommon injury that has a peak incidence in early adolescence near the time of physeal closure. Because growth arrest and deformation can follow this injury, immediate diagnosis and treatment are essential. In this case a 14-year-old boy sustained a type 2 tibial tubercle avulsion while playing basketball and could not walk without assistance. Closed reduction was not possible because of soft-tissue interposition.
SPREAD SPECTRUM TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY (SSTDR) DIGITAL TWIN SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS FOR FAULT DETECTION AND LOCATION (2021)

Utilizing spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) to detect, locate, and characterize faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems is examined in this paper. We present a method to obtain the model parameters that are needed to produce digital twin SSTDR responses for PV systems. The digital twin SSTDR responses could be used to predict faults within the PV systems. Here, the model parameters are the reflection and transmission coefficients at each impedance discontinuity in the PV system along with the propagation coefficients across each PV cable segment. We obtain model parameter by applying inverse modeling techniques to experimental SSTDR data associated with PV systems. Our model parameters can be used in any digital twin simulation method for modeling reflectometry in frequency-dependent and complex loads. For validation, we used the model parameters in a graph network simulation engine and adapted it to be used for SSTDR digital twin simulations in PV systems. We produced simulations for 0 to 10 PV modules connected in series. We also simulated SSTDR responses for open circuit disconnections in a PV setup containing 10 PV modules in series. Results show that all but one simulated disconnect locations match experimental disconnection locations of the same setup with an error of less than 5%.
Sulfur–oleylamine copolymer synthesizedviainverse vulcanization for the selective recovery of copper from lithium-ion battery E-waste (2023)

A novel sulfur–oleylamine copolymer as a promising sorbent to selectively recover Cu 2+ ions from a mixture of metal ions in acidic pH and its potential applications in battery recycling.
Synthesis of Quinoline-Based NNN-Pincer Nickel(II) Complexes: A Robust and Improved Catalyst System for C–H Bond Alkylation of Azoles with Alkyl Halides (2016)

The quinoline-based pincer nickel(II) complexes κN,κN,κN-{R2N-C6H4-(μ-N)-C9H6N}NiX ((R2NNNQ)NiCl: R = Me, 2a; R = Et, 2b) were synthesized by the reaction of the ligand precursors (R2NNNQ)H (R = Me, 1a; R = Et, 1b) with (DME)NiCl2 in the presence of Et3N. Similarly, the pincer nickel(II) derivatives (R2NNNQ)NiX (R = Me, X = Br, 3a; R = Et, X = Br, 3b; R = Me, X = OAc, 4a) were obtained by treatment of the ligands (R2NNNQ)H with the nickel precursor (THF)2NiBr2 or Ni(OAc)2. All of these complexes were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by elemental analysis. Further, the molecular structures of 2a and 3a,b were elucidated by X-ray crystallography. Complex 2a is found to be an efficient catalyst for the direct C–H bond alkylation of substituted benzothiazoles and oxazoles with various unactivated alkyl halides containing β-hydrogens under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst 2a is very robust and was recycled and reused five times for the alkylation reaction without a decrease in its catalytic activity. Preliminary studies reveal that the catalyst 2a acts as an active catalyst and the alkylation reaction appears to operate via a radical pathway.
Enhanced UV Protection, Heavy Metal Detection, and Antibacterial Properties of Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots Coated on Protective Fabrics (2022)

Carbon dots (CDs) were simply prepared from charcoal by hydrothermal processing at 180 °C for 15 h without any chemicals. The as-prepared CDs with an average diameter of 5 ± 6 nm exhibited a predominant absorption peak at 290 nm, corresponding to the n to π* transition of the oxygen functional groups (C═O) and the free amine functional groups (-NH<sub>2</sub>). The resulting CDs were then incorporated into cotton and polyester by facile ultrasonication for 1 h. The obtained CD-coated fabrics were first evaluated for their UV-blocking capability and then for their antibacterial properties against two model pathogens: Gram-negative <i>E. coli</i> and Gram-positive <i>S. aureus</i>. Both cotton and polyester showed no UV protection at 280 or 380 nm; conversely, cotton or polyester decorated with CDs exhibited a UV blocking ratio of 82-98%. The CD-coated fabrics showed 100% antibacterial activities against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus,</i> whereas the pristine fabrics showed no effect. The CDs/fabrics could adsorb Hg<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup>, resulting in a drastic fluorescence quenching. As such, this distinct feature was exploited for the removal and detection of these two ions with the limits of detection of 55and 72 μM, respectively.
OTFS—A Mathematical Foundation for Communication and Radar Sensing in the Delay-Doppler Domain (2022)

Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is a framework for communication and active sensing that processes signals in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain. This article explores three key features of the OTFS framework, and explains their value to applications. The first feature is a compact and sparse DD domain parameterization of the wireless channel, where the parameters map directly to physical attributes of the reflectors that comprise the scattering environment, and as a consequence these parameters evolve predictably. The second feature is a novel waveform/modulation technique, matched to the DD channel model, that embeds information symbols in the DD domain. The relation between channel inputs and outputs is localized, non-fading, and predictable, even in the presence of significant delay and Doppler spread, and as a consequence the channel can be efficiently acquired and equalized. By avoiding fading, the post equalization signal to noise ratio remains constant across all information symbols in a packet, so that bit error performance is superior to contemporary multicarrier waveforms. Further, the OTFS carrier waveform is a localized pulse in the DD domain, making it possible to separate reflectors along both delay and Doppler simultaneously, and to achieve a high-resolution DD radar image of the environment. In other words, the DD parameterization provides a common mathematical framework for communication and radar. This is the third feature of the OTFS framework, and it is ideally suited to intelligent transportation systems involving self-driving cars and unmanned ground/aerial vehicles, which are self/network controlled. The OTFS waveform is able to support stable and superior performance over a wide range of user speeds. In the emerging 6G systems and standards, it is ideally suited to support mobility-on-demand envisaged in next generation cellular and WiFi systems, as well as high-mobility use cases. Finally, the compactness and predictability of the OTFS input–output relation makes it a natural fit for machine learning and AI algorithms designed for the intelligent nonmyopic management of control plane resources in future mobile networks.
CHAPTER 17. Potential Effects of Coffee Isoflavones and Lignans on Health (2019)

Isoflavones and lignans are minor polyphenols present in coffee that have not yet been investigated in depth from the perspective of their possible role in contributing positively to several health benefits related to regular and moderate coffee consumption. Information on coffee isoflavones and lignans (both compositional profile and content) are still fragmentary and incomplete, and this makes it difficult to invoke their presence in coffee to explain some specific health benefits possibly related to their biological activity. However, due to the fact that several positive health effects of isoflavones and lignans from major dietary sources have been reported, the confirmed presence of these polyphenols in coffee cannot be neglected. The present chapter is intended to offer an overview on this topic.
Engineered spider silk-based 2D and 3D materials prevent microbial infestation (2020)

Biofilm formation, especially of antimicrobiotic-resistant microbial strains, are a major problem in health care. Therefore, there is great interest in developing advanced materials that are selectively inhibiting microbial adhesion to surfaces, but at the same time promoting mammalian cell growth. In nature, some spider silks have evolved to repel microbes, a feature that could be used in biomaterials. To unravel how microbe repellence can be achieved in engineered spider silk, different recombinant spider silk proteins based on the consensus sequences of Araneus diadematus dragline silk proteins (fibroin 3 and 4) were processed into 2D-patterned films and 3D-hydrogels. Strikingly, protein structure characteristics on the nanoscale are the basis for the detected microbe-repellence. Designed spider silk materials promoted mammalian cell attachment and proliferation while inhibiting microbial infestation, demonstrating the great potential of these engineered spider silk-based materials as bio-selective microbial-resistant coatings in biomedical as well as technical applications.