gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RSFQ 1024-bit shift register for acquisition memory (1993)

Rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) 512-bit and 1024-bit shift registers have been demonstrated. These are the longest superconducting shift registers reported to date, employing 1045 and 2069 Josephson junctions, respectively. The circuit functionality has been confirmed with dc bias margins of +or-23% and +or-14% for the 512-bit and the 1024-bit shift registers, respectively. The 512-bit shift register has been tested to 20 GHz and 1024-bit register to 19 GHz using an external clock trigger with relative delay measurements at single and double SFQ clock frequencies. The shift registers with the same design have been used for successful implementation of the acquisition shift register (ASR) memory for the projected transient digitizer. These shift registers have the ability to acquire data at high speeds (gigahertz range), statically hold the acquired data, and then read-out the data into conventional room-temperature electronics at low speeds (megahertz range). A 32-bit ASR has been tested up to 18 GHz (the limit of our test setup), and a 1024-bit ASR-up to 16 GHz of acquisition rates, both at 33 MHz read-out frequency. Total power dissipation is about 1 mW for the 1024-bit circuit. The chips are fabricated using Hypres' Nb/AlO/sub x//Nb process with a junction critical current density of 1.0 kA/cm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Computer- und Robotertechnik für die bildgeführte Orthopädische Chirurgie (Computer and Robot Technology for Image guided Orthopaedic Surgery) (2002)

Seit einigen Jahren hält die Computer- und auch Robotertechnologie in der Orthopädischen Chirurgie Einzug, wird jedoch teilweise sehr kontrovers diskutiert. Wo liegen Vorteile und Probleme der Automatisierungstechnik für den chirurgischen Einsatz? In diesem Beitrag sollen Möglichkeiten und Techniken im Überblick dargestellt werden. Entwicklungspotentiale insbesondere im Hinblick auf robotische Unterstützungssysteme sollen am Beispiel des CRIGOS-Parallelrobotersystems aufgezeigt werden.
High-spatial-resolution and real-time medical imaging using a high-sensitivity HARPICON camera (1998)

A HARPICON(TM) camera has been applied to a digital angiography system with fluorescent-screen optical-lens coupling. It uses avalanche multiplication in the photoconductive layer for high-sensitivity imaging. The limiting spatial resolutions in the 1050 scanning-line mode of the camera are about 30 and 50 micro m at input field sizes of 20 x 20 and 50 x 50 mm on the screen, respectively. For high-speed imaging, the 525 scanning-line mode at a rate of 60 images s(-1) can be selected. High-quality images of coronary arteries in dogs were obtained by intra-aortic coronary angiography and superselective coronary angiography using a single-energy X-ray above the iodine K-edge energy.
Regulation of Oleoresinosis in Grand Fir (Abies grandis)1 (1998)

Grand fir (Abies grandis Lindl.) has been developed as a model system for the study of wound-induced oleoresinosis in conifers as a response to insect attack. Oleoresin is a roughly equal mixture of turpentine (85% monoterpenes [C10] and 15% sesquiterpenes [C15]) and rosin (diterpene [C20] resin acids) that acts to seal wounds and is toxic to both invading insects and their pathogenic fungal symbionts. The dynamic regulation of wound-induced oleoresin formation was studied over 29 d at the enzyme level by in vitro assay of the three classes of synthases directly responsible for the formation of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes from the corresponding C10, C15, and C20 prenyl diphosphate precursors, and at the gene level by RNA-blot hybridization using terpene synthase class-directed DNA probes. In overall appearance, the shapes of the time-course curves for all classes of synthase activities are similar, suggesting coordinate formation of all of the terpenoid types. However, closer inspection indicates that the monoterpene synthases arise earlier, as shown by an abbreviated time course over 6 to 48 h. RNA-blot analyses indicated that the genes for all three classes of enzymes are transcriptionally activated in response to wounding, with the monoterpene synthases up-regulated first (transcripts detectable 2 h after wounding), in agreement with the results of cell-free assays of monoterpene synthase activity, followed by the coordinately regulated sesquiterpene synthases and diterpene synthases (transcription beginning on d 3-4). The differential timing in the production of oleoresin components of this defense response is consistent with the immediate formation of monoterpenes to act as insect toxins and their later generation at solvent levels for the mobilization of resin acids responsible for wound sealing.
Development of spontaneous tumours and intestinal lesions in Fhit gene knockout mice (2004)

The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is frequently inactivated in various types of tumours. However, the system-wide pathology caused by FHIT inactivation has not been examined in detail. Here we demonstrate that Fhit gene knockout mice develop tumours in the lymphoid tissue, liver, uterus, testis, forestomach and small intestine, together with structural abnormalities in the small intestinal mucosa. These results suggest that Fhit plays important roles in systemic tumour suppression and in the integrity of mucosal structure of the intestines.
Interleukin-6 Drives Mitochondrial Dysregulation and Accelerates Physical Decline: Insights From an Inducible Humanized IL-6 Knock-In Mouse Model (2023)

Chronic activation of inflammatory pathways (CI) and mitochondrial dysfunction are independently linked to age-related functional decline and early mortality. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is among the most consistently elevated chronic activation of inflammatory pathways markers, but whether IL-6 plays a causative role in this mitochondrial dysfunction and physical deterioration remains unclear. To characterize the role of IL-6 in age-related mitochondrial dysregulation and physical decline, we have developed an inducible human IL-6 (hIL-6) knock-in mouse (TetO-hIL-6mitoQC) that also contains a mitochondrial-quality control reporter. Six weeks of hIL-6 induction resulted in upregulation of proinflammatory markers, cell proliferation and metabolic pathways, and dysregulated energy utilization. Decreased grip strength, increased falls off the treadmill, and increased frailty index were also observed. Further characterization of skeletal muscles postinduction revealed an increase in mitophagy, downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis genes, and an overall decrease in total mitochondrial numbers. This study highlights the contribution of IL-6 to mitochondrial dysregulation and supports a causal role of hIL-6 in physical decline and frailty.
Altered Postural Control during the Luteal Phase in Women with Premenstrual Symptoms (2005)

The purpose of this study was to investigate postural control in women with and without premenstrual symptoms (PMS) in three hormonally verified phases of the menstrual cycle. Thirty-two women were recruited to participate in the study and 25 of these women were included in the results. Menstrual cycle phases were determined by sex hormone analyses in serum and LH detection in urine. A prospective rating of PMS was used to divide the subjects into two groups: one with PMS (cyclic) and one without (non-cyclic). For measurement of postural control, subjects stood on a force platform (AMTI) in two-legged stance (eyes open and closed) and one-legged stance (eyes open and closed). There were no significant differences in the two-legged stance between the phases of the menstrual cycle or between groups. In one-legged stance with eyes open, there was a significant increase in postural displacement in the mid-luteal phase in the cyclic group, but no differences were detected between phases in the non-cyclic group. These findings may be related to the previously reported increased injury rate and psychomotor slowing in the luteal phase in women with PMS.
High-Q germanium optical nanocavity (2018)

Mid-infrared (MIR) integrated photonics has attracted broad interest due to its promising applications in biochemical sensing, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and optical communication. Among MIR integration platforms, germanium-based platforms hold many excellent properties, such as wide transparency windows, high refractive indices, and high nonlinear coefficients; however, the development of MIR germanium photonic devices is still in its infancy. Specifically, MIR high-Q germanium resonators with comparable performance to their silicon counterparts remain unprecedented. Here we experimentally demonstrate an MIR germanium nanocavity with a Q factor of ∼18,000, the highest-to-date of reported nanocavities across MIR germanium-based integration platforms. This is achieved through a combination of a feasible theoretical design, Smart-Cut methods for wafer development, and optimized device fabrication processes. Our nanocavity, with its high Q factor and ultrasmall mode volume, opens new avenues for on-chip applications in the MIR spectral range.
Complex wavelet filter improves FLIM phasors for photon starved imaging experiments (2021)

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) with phasor analysis provides easy visualization and analysis of fluorophores' lifetimes which is valuable for multiple applications including metabolic imaging, STED imaging, FRET imaging and functional imaging. However, FLIM imaging typically suffers from low photon budgets, leading to unfavorable signal to noise ratios which in many cases prevent extraction of information from the data. Traditionally, median filters are applied in phasor analysis to tackle this problem. This unfortunately degrades high spatial frequency FLIM information in the phasor analysis. These high spatial frequency components are typically edges of features and puncta, which applies to membranes, mitochondria, granules and small organelles in a biological sample. To tackle this problem, we propose a filtering strategy with complex wavelet filtering and Anscombe transform for FLIM phasor analysis. This filtering strategy preserves fine structures and reports accurate lifetimes in photon starved FLIM imaging. Moreover, this filter outperforms median filters and makes FLIM imaging with lower laser power and faster imaging possible.
Synthesis of Butane-Like SiGe Hydrides:  Enabling Precursors for CVD of Ge-Rich Semiconductors (2006)

The synthesis of butane-like (GeH(3))(2)(SiH(2))(2) (1), (GeH(3))(2)SiH(SiH(3)) (2), and (GeH(3))(2)(SiH(2)GeH(2)) (3) Si-Ge hydrides with applications in low-temperature synthesis of Ge-rich Si(1-x)Ge(x) optoelectronic alloys has been demonstrated. The compositional, vibrational, structural, and thermochemical properties of these compounds were studied by FTIR, multinuclear NMR, mass spectrometry, Rutherford backscattering, and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The analyses indicate that the linear (GeH(3))(2)(SiH(2))(2) (1) and (GeH(3))(2)(SiH(2)GeH(2)) (3) compounds exist as a mixture of the classic normal (n) and gauche (g) conformational isomers which do not seem to interconvert at 22 degrees C. The conformational proportions in the samples were determined using a new fitting procedure, which combines calculated molecular spectra to reproduce those observed by varying the global intensity, frequency scale, and admixture coefficients of the individual conformers. The (GeH(3))(2)(SiH(2))(2) (1) species was then utilized to fabricate Si(0.50)Ge(0.50) semiconductor alloys reflecting exactly the Si/Ge content of the precursor. Device quality layers were grown via gas source MBE directly on Si(100) at unprecedented low temperatures 350-450 degrees C and display homogeneous compositional and strain profiles, low threading dislocation densities, and atomically planar surfaces. Low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) analysis has demonstrated that the precursor is highly reactive on Si(100) surfaces, with H(2) desorption kinetics comparable to those of Ge(2)H(6), despite the presence of strong Si-H bonds in the molecular structure.
A FPGA-Pipelined, High-Throughput Approach to Coarse-Grained Simulation of HPC Systems (2019)

Although previous studies have accelerated discreteevent simulation with various parallelization strategies, total simulation time remains prohibitive for certain use cases that require many independent simulations (e.g., design-space exploration, Monte Carlo simulation). In this paper, rather than focus solely on improved execution time for an individual simulation, we introduce an FPGA-accelerated approach that potentially sacrifices simulation latency to greatly increase throughput by many orders of magnitude. In this approach, the simulation design space is converted to an intermediate dataflow graph representation and ultimately mapped to a simulation pipeline by a custom-built compiler. We describe the design and implementation of our approach. Additionally, we present a resource-sharing strategy that greatly increases design scalability at the cost of slightly reduced simulation throughput. Although not applicable in all scenarios, we demonstrate that this approach can accelerate total simulation time for design-space exploration of HPC algorithmic/architectural co-design by up to 6 orders of magnitude when compared to the same exploration performed with a parallel software simulator.
Neoliberalism and Urban Change: Stretching a Good Idea Too Far? (2016)

Does neoliberalism matter for cities, urbanization processes, urban governance and policies? How and to what extent? What does this even mean? These questions are important as neoliberalism is a contentious and powerful political project and paradigm. This paper argues that: (1) it may be fruitful to be clearer about the meaning of neoliberalism rather than adopting an encompassing constructivist framework; and (2) that neoliberalism may not explain that much about the current transformation of urbanization processes and cities. Instead, these mechanisms need to be better specified and their limits defined: urban worlds and the urbanization processes of cities do not change all the time, in all ways. Rather than embracing the multiple, ever-changing forms of neoliberalism and the contructivist framework underpinning this position, this paper identifies a set of central points to define neoliberalism by contrast to liberalism, as one possible working definition of neoliberalism. Secondly, it discusses the neoliberalization of cities and urban policies, recognizing that cities change for many reasons, of which neoliberalism is just one.
Interaction of p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase with insulin and IGF-1 receptors analysed by using the two-hybrid system. (1995)

International audience
First Observation of Excited Ωb− States (2020)

Excited ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{b}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ baryons are seen as narrow peaks in the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{b}^{0}\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mass spectra for the first time.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Correlates With Disease Activity in Progressive MS (2020)

These findings suggest that serum AHR agonist levels negatively correlate with disability in RRMS and PMS and decrease longitudinally in correlation with MRI markers of disease progression. Thus, serum AHR agonistic activity may serve as novel biomarker for disability progression in MS.
Computational modelling of solvent effects in a prolific solvatomorphic porous organic cage (2018)

Crystal structure prediction methods can enable the in silico design of functional molecular crystals, but solvent effects can have a major influence on relative lattice energies, sometimes thwarting predictions. This is particularly true for porous solids, where solvent included in the pores can have an important energetic contribution. We present a Monte Carlo solvent insertion procedure for predicting the solvent filling of porous structures from crystal structure prediction landscapes, tested using a highly solvatomorphic porous organic cage molecule, CC1. Using this method, we can understand why the predicted global energy minimum structure for CC1 is never observed from solvent crystallisation. We also explain the formation of three different solvatomorphs of CC1 from three structurally-similar chlorinated solvents. Calculated solvent stabilisation energies are found to correlate with experimental results from thermogravimetric analysis, suggesting a future computational framework for a priori materials design that factors in solvation effects.
Topology optimized low-contrast all-dielectric optical cloak (2011)

A systematic methodology for designing low-contrast all-dielectric cloaks operating in the optical range is presented. Topology optimization is used to find the layout of standard dielectric material that minimizes the norm of the scattered field in the surroundings of the cloak. Rotational symmetries are exploited to optimize for multiple angles based on the solution for a single angle of incidence. For a few discrete angles of incidences (1–4) the cloaking is shown to be nearly perfect in a limited frequency range, and even for a rotational symmetric design, cloak and object appear smaller than the noncloaked object.
Ego-motion estimation by matching dewarped road regions using stereo images (2006)

This paper proposes a method for vehicle ego-motion estimation using vehicle-mounted stereo cameras. Estimating ego-motion using cameras requires extraction of static regions from the images. We first use stereo images to estimate regions which correspond to the road plane and can be considered as static areas. Subsequently, we propose a virtual projection plane (VPP) image that is equivalent to the top view of the road scene. A vehicle's ego-motion is obtained by matching the sequential VPP images of the road patterns in the extracted regions. We use a vehicle-motion model and consider a matching method to easily and accurately determine the ego-motion. Finally, we present experimental results obtained using our method
Performance Evaluation of 5G MBS for Terrestrial Broadcasting Scenarios (2023)

This paper provides performance evaluations of 5G NR-MBS for terrestrial broadcasting environments. The physical layer performance of NR-MBS is analyzed through theoretical point of view and block error rate (BLER) performance over high-power high-tower (HPHT) infrastructure. Considering the future development of NR-MBS for terrestrial broadcasting services, this paper focuses on the performance evaluation of NR unicast numerology including length of cyclic prefix (CP) over HPHT single frequency network (SFN) environments. Specifically, it is demonstrated that the effect of CP length on the decoding performance depends on the transmission rate and the quality of channel estimation over HPHT SFN environments.
A New Approach to Flowline Active Heating (2010)

Abstract The industry drive to develop marginal fields, heavy oil, or increased oil-recovery options from new or existing fields requires that the design of system components be examined and questioned. Extended-reach (cold water) flowlines that transport unprocessed fluids from the wellbore through to a receiving or processing facility require effective insulation systems or an active heating system to assure the integrity of the fluids in the line. Additionally, to meet flow-assurance requirements, production chemistry is used at the inlet of a flowline to prevent the formation of hydrates and to manage paraffin wax or scale formation. The production chemicals are usually injected through chemical-transportation facilities in an electrical/hydraulic-control umbilical that is laid parallel to the flowline. Flowline active-heating systems and high-performance insulation systems add significantly to the capital cost of a project; additionally, the design and fabrication of control umbilicals that include multiple chemical-injection conduits increase the capital required to develop a field. This paper presents a new concept in flowline active-heating and chemical-injection systems that will reduce the capital cost of flowline and umbilical infrastructure while enabling significant flexibility in the application of production chemistry. The system challenges of existing flowline design, umbilical design, and the philosophies of field operational maintenance/pigging are reviewed.
Engineered Surfaces for Mitigation of Insect Residue Adhesion (2013)

Maintenance of laminar flow under operational flight conditions is being investigated under NASA s Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) Program. Among the challenges with natural laminar flow is the accretion of residues from insect impacts incurred during takeoff or landing. Depending on air speed, temperature, and wing structure, the critical residue height for laminar flow disruption can be as low as 4 microns near the leading edge. In this study, engineered surfaces designed to minimize insect residue adhesion were examined. The coatings studied included chemical compositions containing functional groups typically associated with abhesive (non-stick) surfaces. To reduce surface contact by liquids and enhance abhesion, the engineered surfaces consisted of these coatings doped with particulate additives to generate random surface topography, as well as coatings applied to laser ablated surfaces having precision patterned topographies. Performance evaluation of these surfaces included contact angle goniometry of pristine coatings and profilometry of surfaces after insect impacts were incurred in laboratory scale tests, wind tunnel tests and flight tests. The results illustrate the complexity of designing antifouling surfaces for effective insect contamination mitigation under dynamic conditions and suggest that superhydrophobic surfaces may not be the most effective solution for preventing insect contamination on aircraft wing leading edges.
Nanoelectromechanical relays with decoupled electrode and suspension (2011)

This paper reports on the modeling, fabrication, and testing of cantilever- and parallel plate-based laterally actuated platinum-coated polysilicon nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays. The polysilicon acts as the structural layer, while the platinum serves as a conducting contact material, as well as a local routing layer. The two-part cantilever design utilizes a source made of a compliant beam in series with a stiff bridged perimeter electrode to reduce the secondary pull-in of the source to the gate. The parallel-plate-based relay also uses stiffened electrodes in addition to serpentine structures that reduce the actuation voltage. Overdrive gate voltage in excess of 100% without failure and sharp release of the relay from output are achieved for polysilicon relays with 50nm platinum coating and 500nm actuation gap.