gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Liquid Metal Loop and Heat Pipe Radiator for Space Reactor Power Systems (2006)

This paper presents four radiator configurations that could be stowed in the launch bay of the DELTA-IV Heavy vehicle and have effective areas of 69.1 to 350 m 2 . The radiator for a space reactor power system with a lithium-cooled sectored compact reactor and thermoelectric converters has an effective area of 203 m 2 and lowest specific mass. The sectored compact reactor and thermoelectric converters system generates ∼114 kWe for 7-10 years. The radiator consists of six panels, each having a forward, fixed segment and two rear, deployable segments, and rejects heat into space using rubidium heat pipes with carbon-carbon armor and fins. The D-shaped heat pipes operate below 50 % of the prevailing sonic or capillary limit. The radiator operates at a constant pressure drop of 12 kPa and inlet and exit temperatures of 780 and 755 K. Investigated are the effects on the radiator's specific mass and lithium inventory of 1) tapering and changing width of coolant channels, 2) thermal-hydraulically coupling the panel segments in parallel, and 3) using perforated dividers between inlet- and exit-channels. The radiator with perforated dividers has a wet specific mass of 6.82 kg/m 2 , a liquid-lithium inventory of 179.3 liters, and a stowed height of 8 m.
The Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor Is Required for Akt Activation and Suppression of Anoikis in Cells Transformed by the ETV6-NTRK3 Chimeric Tyrosine Kinase (2006)

Signaling through the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) axis is essential for transformation by many dominantly acting oncoproteins. However, the mechanism by which IGF-IR contributes to oncogenesis remains unknown. To examine this, we compared transformation properties of the oncogenic ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) chimeric tyrosine kinase in IGF-IR-null R- mouse embryo fibroblasts with R- cells engineered to reexpress IGF-IR (R+ cells). We previously showed that R- cells expressing EN (R- EN cells) are resistant to transformation but that transformation is restored in R+ cells. We now show that while R- EN cells have intact Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling and cell cycle progression, they are defective in phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt activation and undergo detachment-induced apoptosis (anoikis) under anchorage-independent conditions. In contrast, R+ cells expressing EN (R+ EN cells) suppress anoikis and are fully transformed. The requirement for IGF-IR in R- EN cells is overcome by ectopic expression of either activated Akt or a membrane-targeted form of EN. Moreover, compared to R- EN cells, R+ EN cells show a dramatic increase in membrane localization of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in association with EN. Since EN is known to bind IRS-1 as an adaptor protein, our findings suggest that IGF-IR may function to localize EN/IRS-1 complexes to cell membranes, in turn facilitating PI3K-Akt activation and suppression of anoikis.
Role of retinoic acid in lens regeneration (2000)

Prompted by the actions of retinoids and their receptors in gene regulation, in the developing eye and especially in the lens, we have undertaken a detailed study to examine the effects of retinoids on urodele lens regeneration. First, we examined the effects of exogenous retinoids. It was found that exogenous retinoids had no significant effect on lens regeneration. However, when synthesis of retinoic acid was inhibited by disulfiram, or when the function of the retinoid receptors was impaired by using a RAR antagonist, the process of lens regeneration was dramatically affected. In the majority of the cases, lens regeneration was inhibited and lens morphogenesis was disrupted. In a few cases, we were also able to observe ectopic lens regeneration from places other than the normal site, which is from the dorsal iris. The most spectacular case was the regeneration of a lens from the cornea, an event possible only in premetamorphic frogs. These data show that inhibition of retinoid receptors is paramount for the normal course and distribution of lens regeneration. We have also examined expression of RAR-delta during lens regeneration. This receptor was expressed highly in the regenerating lens only. Therefore, it seems that this receptor is specific for the regeneration process and consequently such expression correlates well with the effects of RAR inhibition observed in our studies.
An all-dielectric metasurface as a broadband optical frequency mixer (2018)

A frequency mixer is a nonlinear device that combines electromagnetic waves to create waves at new frequencies. Mixers are ubiquitous components in modern radio-frequency technology and microwave signal processing. The development of versatile frequency mixers for optical frequencies remains challenging: such devices generally rely on weak nonlinear optical processes and, thus, must satisfy phase-matching conditions. Here we utilize a GaAs-based dielectric metasurface to demonstrate an optical frequency mixer that concurrently generates eleven new frequencies spanning the ultraviolet to near-infrared. The even and odd order nonlinearities of GaAs enable our observation of second-harmonic, third-harmonic, and fourth-harmonic generation, sum-frequency generation, two-photon absorption-induced photoluminescence, four-wave mixing and six-wave mixing. The simultaneous occurrence of these seven nonlinear processes is assisted by the combined effects of strong intrinsic material nonlinearities, enhanced electromagnetic fields, and relaxed phase-matching requirements. Such ultracompact optical mixers may enable a plethora of applications in biology, chemistry, sensing, communications, and quantum optics.
Flexible Gigahertz Transistors Derived from Solution-Based Single-Layer Graphene (2012)

Flexible electronics mostly relies on organic semiconductors but the limited carrier velocity in polymers and molecular films prevents their use at frequencies above a few megahertz. Conversely, the high potential of graphene for high-frequency electronics on rigid substrates was recently demonstrated. We conducted the first study of solution-based graphene transistors at gigahertz frequencies, and we show that solution-based single-layer graphene ideally combines the required properties to achieve high speed flexible electronics on plastic substrates. Our graphene flexible transistors have current gain cutoff frequencies of 2.2 GHz and power gain cutoff frequencies of 550 MHz. Radio frequency measurements directly performed on bent samples show remarkable mechanical stability of these devices and demonstrate the advantages of solution-based graphene field-effect transistors over other types of flexible transistors based on organic materials.
Interplay of matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and their regulators in cardiac matrix remodeling (2000)

Myocardial fibrosis due to maladaptive extracellular matrix remodeling contributes to dysfunction of the failing heart. Further elucidation of the mechanism by which myocardial fibrosis and dilatation can be prevented or even reversed remains of great interest as a potential means to limit myocardial remodeling and dysfunction. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the driving force behind extracellular matrix degradation during remodeling and are increased in the failing human heart. MMPs are regulated by a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and matrix fragments such as matrikines. In the present report, we discuss the regulation of MMPs, the role of MMPs in the development of cardiac fibrosis, and the modulation of MMP activity using gene transfer and knockout technologies. We also present recent findings from our laboratory on the regulation of the extracellular MMP inducer (EMMPRIN), MMPs, and transforming growth factor-beta(1) in the failing human heart before and after left ventricular assist device support, as well as the possibility of preventing ventricular fibrosis using different anti-MMP strategies. Several studies suggest that such modulation of MMP activity can alter ventricular remodeling, myocardial dysfunction, and the progression of heart failure. It is therefore suggested that the interplay of MMPs and their regulators is important in the development of the heart failure phenotype, and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure may be modified by modulating MMP activity.
Analysis of color gamut for hardcopy based on Neugebauer theory (1990)

The gamut of color in digital color printer is discussed with a simple color mixing model based on Neugebauer theory. A colored halftone area is composed of at most 8 colored dots: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Red, Green, Blue, White, and Black. It is shown that a color gamut and a color-locus change by the 2 colored dot overlay method. Typical color changes in thermal transfer printer were observed experimentally in coincidence with theotretical estimations. The dot allocation of dither matrix causes the significant changes in the hue of red tone and the gamut of bluish colors.
Pre-neuronal processing of haptic sensory cues via dispersive high-frequency vibrational modes (2022)

Abstract Sense of touch is one of the major perception channels. Neural coding of object textures conveyed by rodents’ whiskers has been a model to study early stages of haptic information uptake. While high-precision spike timing has been observed during whisker sweeping across textured surfaces, the exact nature of whisker micromotions that spikes encode remains elusive. Here, we discovered that a single micro-collision of a whisker with surface features generates vibrational eigenmodes spanning frequencies up to 10KHz. While propagating along the whisker, these high-frequency modes can carry up to 80% of shockwave energy, exhibit 100X smaller damping ratio, and arrive at the follicle 10X faster than low frequency components. The mechano-transduction of these energy bursts into a time-sequenced population spike trains may generate temporally unique “bar code” with ultra-high information capacity. This hypothesis of pre-neuronal processing of haptic signals based on dispersive temporal separation of the vibrational modal frequencies can shed light on neural coding of haptic signals in many whisker-like sensory organs across the animal world as well as in texture perception in primate’s glabrous skin. Significance Statement Understanding how the outside world is encoded in neurons spikes in sensory organs and how these neural codes contribute to perception remains elusive. Using a model system - a whisker of a mouse - we discovered that tiny whisker vibrations induced at the whisker tip by collisions with external objects generate a time series of energy bursts. This creates a temporally unique “bar code” of a time-sequenced population spike trains with ultra-high information capacity. We hypothesize that such a “pre-neuronal processing” of touch events into time-coded spikes can provide a conceptual link to understand neural coding in many whisker-like sensory organs across the animal world as well as in texture perception in primate’s glabrous skin.
A fully operational 1 kb variable threshold Josephson RAM (1991)

The first fully operational Josephson RAM in LSI level integration is described. The chip is designed as a 4 b* 256-word data RAM unit for a 4 b Josephson computer. A variable-threshold memory cell and the related memory architecture are used. They are so simple in structure that the fabrication can be accomplished using current Josephson junction technology. A directly coupled driver gate for a resistive bit line applies an accurate and stable driving current to the memory cell array. The RAM chip is fabricated with a 3 mu m Nb/Al-oxide/Nb junction technology. For obtaining reliable RAM chips, a plasma-enhanced CVD (chemical-vapor-deposited) silicon dioxide layer is introduced for insulation between the ground plane and the base electrode. The thermal uniformity of the wafer is improved during the oxidation process for making a tunnel barrier. Installing this RAM chip together with a Josephson processor permitted the functions of a computer, including a memory access, to be successfully demonstrated. The access time was found to be 500-520 ps by measuring a test chip.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
NF‐κB pathway is involved in griseofulvin‐induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis in HL‐60 cells (2007)

Griseofulvin (GF), an oral antifungal agent, has been shown to exert antitumorigenesis effect through G2/M cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells. But the underlying mechanisms remained obscure. The purpose of this study is to test the cytotoxic effect of GF on HL-60 and HT-29 cells and elucidate its underlying molecular pathways. Dose-dependent and time-course studies by flow cytometry demonstrated that 30 to 60 microM GF significantly induced G2/M arrest and to a less extend, apoptosis, in HL-60 cells. In contrast, only G2/M arrest was observed in HT-29 cells under similar condition. Pretreatment of 30 microM TPCK, a serine protease inhibitor, completely reversed GF-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HL-60 cells but not in HT-29 cells. The GF-induced G2/M arrest in HL-60 cells is reversible. Using EMSA and super-shift analysis, we demonstrated that GF stimulated NF-kappaB binding activity in HL-60 cells, which was completely inhibited by pretreatment of TPCK. Treatment of HL-60 with 30 microM GF activated JNK but not ERK or p38 MAPK and subsequently resulted in phosphorylation of Bcl-2. Pretreatment of TPCK to HL-60 cells blocked the GF-induced Bcl-2 phosphorylation but not JNK activation. Time course study demonstrated that activation of cdc-2 kinase activity by GF correlated with Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Taken together, our results suggest that activation of NF-kappaB pathway with cdc-2 activation and phosphorylation of Bcl-2 might be involved in G2/M cell cycle arrest in HL-60 cells.
Glycogen storage disease type IV: novel mutations and molecular characterization of a heterogeneous disorder (2010)

Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD IV; Andersen disease) is caused by a deficiency of glycogen branching enzyme (GBE), leading to excessive deposition of structurally abnormal, amylopectin-like glycogen in affected tissues. The accumulated glycogen lacks multiple branch points and thus has longer outer branches and poor solubility, causing irreversible tissue and organ damage. Although classic GSD IV presents with early onset of hepatosplenomegaly with progressive liver cirrhosis, GSD IV exhibits extensive clinical heterogeneity with respect to age at onset and variability in pattern and extent of organ and tissue involvement. With the advent of cloning and determination of the genomic structure of the human GBE gene (GBE1), molecular analysis and characterization of underlying disease-causing mutations is now possible. A variety of disease-causing mutations have been identified in the GBE1 gene in GSD IV patients, many of whom presented with diverse clinical phenotypes. Detailed biochemical and genetic analyses of three unrelated patients suspected to have GSD IV are presented here. Two novel missense mutations (p.Met495Thr and p.Pro552Leu) and a novel 1-bp deletion mutation (c.1999delA) were identified. A variety of mutations in GBE1 have been previously reported, including missense and nonsense mutations, nucleotide deletions and insertions, and donor and acceptor splice-site mutations. Mutation analysis is useful in confirming the diagnosis of GSD IV--especially when higher residual GBE enzyme activity levels are seen and enzyme analysis is not definitive--and allows for further determination of potential genotype/phenotype correlations in this disease.
A dibenzoylmethane derivative protects dopaminergic neurons against both oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (2007)

The enhancement of intracellular stresses such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). During a search for compounds that regulate ER stress, a dibenzoylmethane (DBM) derivative 14-26 (2,2'-dimethoxydibenzoylmethane) was identified as a novel neuroprotective agent. Analysis in SH-SY5Y cells and in PC12 cells revealed that the regulation of ER stress by 14-26 was associated with its anti-oxidative property. 14-26 prevented the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when the cells were exposed to oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or an ER stressor brefeldin A (BFA). 14-26 also prevented ROS-induced damage in both the ER and the mitochondria, including the protein carbonylation in the microsome and the reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Further examination disclosed the presence of the iron-chelating activity in 14-26. In vivo, 14-26 suppressed both oxidative stress and ER stress and prevented neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) after injection of 6-OHDA in mice. These results suggest that 14-26 is an antioxidant that protects dopaminergic neurons against both oxidative stress and ER stress and could be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of PD.
Organoselenium chemistry. Preparation and reactions of benzeneselenenamides (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleOrganoselenium chemistry. Preparation and reactions of benzeneselenenamidesHans J. Reich and James M. RengaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 22, 3313–3314Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00910a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00910a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views410Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation and Characterization of Niphatevirin, a Human‐Immunodeficiency‐Virus‐Inhibitory Glycoprotein from the Marine Sponge Niphates Erecta (1997)

Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-bioassay-guided fractionation of aqueous extracts of the Caribbean sponge Niphates erecta led to isolation of a novel anti-HIV protein, named niphatevirin. The protein was purified to homogeneity by ethanol precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel-permeation chromatography and concanavalin-A-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Niphatevirin potently inhibited the cytopathic effects of HIV-1 infection in cultured human lymphoblastoid (CEM-SS) cells; the effective concentration of drug that results in 50% protection of the cells through inhibition of cell lethality, cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation was approximately 10 nM. Delay of addition of niphatevirin to infected cultures by two hours markedly decreased (approximately 50%) cytoprotection; delay of addition by eight hours resulted in no antiviral activity. Niphatevirin bound to CD4 in a manner that prevented the binding of gp120, but did not directly bind gp120. Niphatevirin (6.5 microM) was inactive in both hemagglutination and hemolysis assays. Niphatevirin had a molecular mass of about 19 kDa by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and a native molecular mass of approximately 18 kDa by gel-filtration chromatography. The protein had an acidic isoelectric point of 4.2-4.6, and was shown by periodate acid Schiff's staining to be glycosylated.
Genomewide Discovery and Classification of Candidate Ovarian Fertility Genes in the Mouse (2007)

Female infertility syndromes are among the most prevalent chronic health disorders in women, but their genetic basis remains unknown because of uncertainty regarding the number and identity of ovarian factors controlling the assembly, preservation, and maturation of ovarian follicles. To systematically discover ovarian fertility genes en masse, we employed a mouse model (Foxo3) in which follicles are assembled normally but then undergo synchronous activation. We developed a microarray-based approach for the systematic discovery of tissue-specific genes and, by applying it to Foxo3 ovaries and other samples, defined a surprisingly large set of ovarian factors (n = 348, approximately 1% of the mouse genome). This set included the vast majority of known ovarian factors, 44% of which when mutated produce female sterility phenotypes, but most were novel. Comparative profiling of other tissues, including microdissected oocytes and somatic cells, revealed distinct gene classes and provided new insights into oogenesis and ovarian function, demonstrating the utility of our approach for tissue-specific gene discovery. This study will thus facilitate comprehensive analyses of follicle development, ovarian function, and female infertility.
Novel iGSE-C Loss Modeling of X7R Ceramic Capacitors (2020)

Due to the large relative permittivity of Class II dielectrics, ceramic capacitors (CCs) from these materials promise significant volume and weight reductions in inverter and rectifier sine-wave filters, and are especially attractive in mobile applications that demand ultrahigh power density. While previous literature found large low-frequency losses in these components, no extensible loss model was proposed to accurately characterize these ferroelectric losses. In this article, we take advantage of prior art on ferromagnetic components in power electronics to propose a Steinmetz parameter-based loss modeling approach for X7R CCs, named the Improved Generalized Steinmetz Equation for CCs, or iGSE-C. This model is verified using the Sawyer-Tower circuit to measure losses in a commercially available X7R capacitor across excitation magnitude, dc bias, temperature, excitation frequency, and harmonic injection. Losses are shown to scale according to a power law with charge, with the resulting Steinmetz coefficients valid across dc bias and slightly varying as the temperature is increased. The iGSE-C accurately predicts losses for typical nonsinusoidal phase voltage waveforms with an error under 8%. Finally, the loss modeling technique is demonstrated for the sine-wave output filter of a bridge-leg arrangement with both low- and high-frequency excitations, with total capacitor losses predicted within 12% accuracy.
Periodically Poled LiNbO3 Optical Parametric Oscillator with Intracavity Difference Frequency Mixing (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. M. Fukumoto, H. Komine, W. H. Long, and E. A. Stappaerts, "Periodically Poled LiNbO3 Optical Parametric Oscillator with Intracavity Difference Frequency Mixing," in Advanced Solid State Lasers, W. Bosenberg and M. Fejer, eds., Vol. 19 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1998), paper FC6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article