gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An experimental apparatus for diffraction-limited soft x-ray nano-focusing (2011)

Realizing the experimental potential of high-brightness, next generation synchrotron and free-electron laser light sources requires the development of reflecting x-ray optics capable of wavefront preservation and high-resolution nano-focusing. At the Advanced Light Source (ALS) beamline 5.3.1, we are developing broadly applicable, high-accuracy, in situ, at-wavelength wavefront measurement techniques to surpass 100-nrad slope measurement accuracy for diffraction-limited Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors. The at-wavelength methodology we are developing relies on a series of wavefront-sensing tests with increasing accuracy and sensitivity, including scanning-slit Hartmann tests, grating-based lateral shearing interferometry, and quantitative knife-edge testing. We describe the original experimental techniques and alignment methodology that have enabled us to optimally set a bendable KB mirror to achieve a focused, FWHM spot size of 150 nm, with 1 nm (1.24 keV) photons at 3.7 mrad numerical aperture. The predictions of wavefront measurement are confirmed by the knife-edge testing. The side-profiled elliptically bent mirror used in these one-dimensional focusing experiments was originally designed for a much different glancing angle and conjugate distances. Visible-light long-trace profilometry was used to pre-align the mirror before installation at the beamline. This work demonstrates that high-accuracy, at-wavelength wavefront-slope feedback can be used to optimize the pitch, roll, and mirror-bending forces in situ, using procedures that are deterministic and repeatable.
Tumors of the Biliary Tract (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Tumor of the bile ducts Tumor of the gallbladder Periampullary tumors Clinical features Diagnosis Treatment
Stability of cylindrical domains in phase-separating binary fluids in shear flow (1998)

The stability of a long cylindrical domain in a phase-separating binary fluid in an external shear flow is investigated by linear stability analysis. Using the coupled Cahn-Hilliard and Stokes equations, the stability eigenvalues are derived analytically for long wavelength perturbations, for arbitrary viscosity contrast between the two phases. The shear flow is found to suppress and sometimes completely stabilize both the hydrodynamic Rayleigh instability and the thermodynamic instability of the cylinder against varicose perturbations, by mixing with nonaxisymmetric perturbations. The results are consistent with recent observations of a ``string phase'' in phase-separating fluids in shear.
A chromophore-supported structural and functional model of dinuclear copper enzymes, for facilitating mechanism of action studies (2021)

Type III dicopper centres are the heart of the reactive sites of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of catechols. Numerous synthetic model complexes have been prepared to uncover the fundamental chemistry involved in these processes, but progress is still lagging much behind that for heme enzymes. One reason is that the latter gain very much from the informative spectroscopic features of their porphyrin-based metal-chelating ligand. We now introduce sapphyrin-chelated dicopper complexes and show that they may be isolated in different oxidation states and coordination geometries, with distinctive colors and electronic spectra due to the heme-like ligands. The dicopper(i) complex <b>1-Cu2</b> was characterized by <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectroscopy of the metal-chelating sapphyrin, the oxygenated dicopper(ii) complex <b>1-Cu2O2</b> by EPR, and crystallographic data was obtained for the tetracopper(ii)-bis-sapphyrin complex <b>[1-Cu2O2]2</b>. This uncovered a non-heme [Cu<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>4-</sup> cluster, held together with the aid of two sapphyrin ligands, with structural features reminiscent of those of catechol oxidase. Biomimetic activity was demonstrated by the <b>1-Cu2O2</b> catalyzed aerobic oxidation of catechol to quinone; the sapphyrin ligand aided very much in gaining information about reactive intermediates and the rate-limiting step of the reaction.
Cellules souches de la peau humaine (2008)

The homeostasis of continuously renewing human epidermis relies on the presence of adult stem cells, residing in the basal layer. Epidermal stem cells have been enriched and functionally characterized, but the exact location remained elusive. The human hair follicle and its pigmentation unit also cyclically regenerate from stem cells. Contrary to epidermal stem cells, human hair follicle stem cells have been localized, enriched, functionally and biochemically characterized. Their specific gene expression pattern has been established. The melanocyte stem population has also been localized and characterized. Finally, the hair follicle was found to harbor a number of other multipotent cells, which designates this unique organ as an alternative source of stem cells for tissue regeneration.
Supplementary Figure from Combined MEK/PD-L1 Inhibition Alters Peripheral Cytokines and Lymphocyte Populations Correlating with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Combined MEK/PD-L1 Inhibition Alters Peripheral Cytokines and Lymphocyte Populations Correlating with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
Plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin complexes predict preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (2001)

Objective: Decidual hemorrhage (abruption) is strongly associated with preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM). Moreover, thrombin enhances decidual matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, and MMP has been strongly linked to PPROM. The current study sought to determine whether increased thrombin activation, as assessed by circulating maternal plasma thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complexes, predicted subsequent PPROM. Study design: We conducted a nested, case-control study of plasma TAT levels, measured by sensitive immunoassay, among 27 women with a singleton preterm birth preceded by PPROM and 54 matched, term controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to identify the optimal TAT cut-off level predicting PPROM. Results: Mean gestational age at delivery in cases was 33.3 weeks, compared to 39.7 weeks in controls (p < 0.001). Compared with controls, women with PPROM had increased median plasma TAT levels in both the second trimester (5.1μg/l (range 2.2-26.3 μg/l) vs. 3.2 μg/l (range 1.3-7.3 μg/l); p = 0.001) and third trimester (7.0 μg/l (range 2.6-85.8 μg/dl) vs. 4.8 μg/l (range 1.7-15.4 μg/dl); p = 0.01). In the PPROM group, 16.0% of the women exhibited bleeding during the pregnancy, while the corresponding value among controls was 3.6% (p = 0.07). In the second trimester, the odds ratio for PPROM with a TAT level of > 3.9 μg/l was 6.0 (95% CI 1.67-21.1). This value predicted PPROM with a sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 68% and positive and negative predictive values of 82% and 97%, respectively. Conclusion: Second-trimester elevated plasma TAT concentrations are predictive of subsequent PPROM. These data provide further evidence that PPROM is associated with decidual thrombin activation.
Layer-based disparity adjustment in stereoscopic 3D media (2016)

We present a method to adjust the disparity of stereoscopic 3D (S3D) images non-uniformly to improve viewing comfort or to allow artistic license with depth after capture. Using disparity maps, our method decomposes the input S3D image into layers where adjustments are performed. Since adjusting the disparity potentially introduces holes where previously occluded regions become visible, we also present a disparity-aware inpainting method to fill these holes. We test our method using raytraced S3D images with ground truth disparity maps to demonstrate that our method produces close-to-ideal results. Finally, we discuss how we used our method to adjust the disparity of several S3D photos used in the WWI documentary "Soldiers' Stories".
Klinische Verläufe monozygoter und gleichgeschlechtlicher dizygoter VLBW-Frühgeborener (2006)

Fragestellung: Die Untersuchung genetischer Einflüsse auf klinische Endpunkte im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter ist komplex, da exogene Faktoren einen genetischen Einfluss überdecken können. Ob ein klinischer Endpunkt für die Untersuchung von genetischen Einflüssen geeignet ist, kann durch Zwillingsuntersuchungen festgestellt werden. Zeigen monozygote Zwillinge (im Vergleich zu gleichgeschlechtlichen dizygoten Zwillingen) eine höhere Rate an Übereinstimmungen in Bezug auf den gewählten Endpunkt, oder ist die Differenz eines kontinuierlichen Parameters (wie der täglichen Gewichtszunahme) zwischen monozygoten Zwillingen geringer als zwischen dizygoten Zwillingen, so spricht dies für einen messbaren genetischen Einfluss.
Effects of polarization evolutions inside the cholesteric liquid crystal cell on the output characteristics of ring type fiber lasers (2003)

Among the liquid crystal devices, the cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) are known to have interesting optical properties because of their peculiar molecular structures, through which the overall displacement of an optical beam traces out a helical path. When an unpolarized light is incident at the CLC cells, one of the circular polarizations whose electric vectors are rotating along the helical path of layers is almost transmitted and the other one rotating in the opposite direction is almost reflected if the wavelength of incident light is in multiples of the rotation pitch. We report experimentally observed and theoretically analyzed output characteristics of fiber lasers with the CLC cell inserted as a polarization device into the fiber cavity.
Experimental validation of the FLUKA Monte Carlo code for dose and $\beta^+$ -emitter predictions of radioactive ion beams (2018)

In the context of hadrontherapy, whilst ions are capable of effectively destroying radio resistant, deep seated tumors, their treatment localization must be well assessed to ensure the sparing of surrounding healthy tissue and treatment effectiveness. Thus, range verification techniques, such as online positron-emission-tomography (PET) imaging, hold great potential in clinical practice, providing information on the in vivo beam range and consequent tumor targeting. Furthermore, [Formula: see text] emitting radioactive ions can be an asset in online PET imaging, depending on their half-life, compared to their stable counterparts. It is expected that using these radioactive ions the signal obtained by a PET apparatus during beam delivery will be greatly increased, and exhibit a better correlation to the Bragg Peak. To this end, FLUKA Monte Carlo particle transport and interaction code was used to evaluate, in terms of annihilation events at rest and dose, the figure of merit in using [Formula: see text] emitter, radioactive ion beams (RI [Formula: see text]). For this purpose, the simulation results were compared with experimental data obtained with an openPET prototype in various online PET acquisitions at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC), in collaboration with colleagues from the National Institute of Radiological Sciences' (NIRS) Imaging Physics Team. The dosimetry performance evaluation with FLUKA benefits from its recent developments in fragmentation production models. The present work estimated that irradiations with RI [Formula: see text], produced via projectile fragmentation and their signal acquisition with state-of-the-art PET scanner, lead to nearly a factor of two more accurate definition of the signals' peak position. In addition to its more advantageous distribution shape, it was observed at least an order magnitude higher signal acquired from <sup>11</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>O irradiations, with respect to their stable counterparts.
Abstract 18124: Delayed Staged Palliation Does Not Affect Clinical Outcomes for Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Variants (2016)

Introduction: Impact of delayed stage II and/or Fontan palliation on survival and Fontan physiology is not well understood. Hypothesis: Delayed staged palliation results in lower survival and worse Fontan outcomes. Methods: All 232 patients with HLHS undergoing stage I palliation from 2000-2011 were reviewed (Figure). The clinical course for patients who had delayed stage II (>7 months) or Fontan (>3.5 years) was documented. Patients were classified as having either minor or significant reasons for delayed palliation. Rates of on-time and overall Fontan completion, survival, transplant, and post-Fontan failure were compared between patients who did not meet (G1; n=28) and met (G2; n=125) conventional stage II palliation timelines. Rates of post-Fontan failure were also compared for patients who did not meet (G3; n=44) and met (G4; n=74) conventional Fontan completion timelines. Results: Delayed stage II palliation resulted in equivalent rates of on-time (G1: 15 [53.6%] vs G2: 59 [47.2%]; p=0.54) and delayed (G1: 10 [35.7%] vs G2: 34 [27.2%]; p=0.37) Fontan completion, with no difference noted between rates of delay because of minor or significant reasons (p Conclusions: Delayed timing of stage II and Fontan palliation did not impact survival or Fontan failure. While close followup and sensible rehabilitation strategy are likely contributors to equivalent outcomes, this result may partly be due to patients who never reached subsequent palliation because of inter-stage death or transplant.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Metabolites of Marine Bacteria. Part 10. δ‐Indomycinone: A New Member of Pluramycin Class of Antibiotics Isolated from Marine Streptomyces sp. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TERNARY SYSTEM OF C60AND C70WITH 1,2-DIMETHYLBENZENE (2001)

Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray, and solubility measurements were used to study phase equilibria in the ternary system C60-C70-1,2-dimethylbenzene up to the boiling point of the solvent. Formation of the two ternary phases was confirmed. Partial solubilities of C60 and C70 were measured and calculated.
Strong Acid–Nonionic Surfactant Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Mesophases as Media for the Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots and Highly Proton Conducting Mesostructured Silica Thin Films and Monoliths (2015)

Lyotropic liquid-crystalline (LLC) materials are important in designing porous materials, and acids are as important in chemical synthesis. Combining these two important concepts will be highly beneficial to chemistry and material science. In this work, we show that a strong acid can be used as a solvent for the assembly of nonionic surfactants into various mesophases. Sulfuric acid (SA), 10-lauryl ether (C12E10), and a small amount of water form bicontinuous cubic (V1), 2D-hexagonal (H1), and micelle cubic (I1) mesophases with increasing SA/C12E10 mole ratio. A mixture of SA and C12E10 is fluidic but transforms to a highly ordered LLC mesophase by absorbing ambient water. The LLC mesophase displays high proton conductivity (1.5 to 19.0 mS/cm at room temperature) that increases with an increasing SA content up to 11 SA/C12E10 mole ratio, where the absorbed water is constant with respect to the SA amount but gradually increases from a 2.3 to 4.3 H2O/C12E10 mole ratio with increasing SA/C12E10 from 2 to 11, respectively. The mixture of SA and C12E10 slowly undergoes carbonization to produce carbon quantum dots (c-dots). The carbonization process can be controlled by simply controlling the water content of the media, and it can be almost halted by leaving the samples under ambient conditions, where the mixture slowly absorbs water to form photoluminescent c-dot-embedded mesophases. Over time the c-dots grow in size and increase in number, and the photoluminescence frequency gradually shifts to a lower frequency. The SA/C12E10 mesophase can also be used as a template to produce highly proton conducting mesostructured silica films and monoliths, as high as 19.3 mS/cm under ambient conditions. Aging the silica samples enhances the conductivity that can be even larger than for the LLC mesophase with the same amount of SA. The presence of silica has a positive effect on the proton conductivity of SA/C12E10 systems.
It Is Time for Obesity Medicine (2010)

There is an epidemic affecting more than 400 million people in the world today. It has an ability to cross national, cultural, and socioeconomic boundaries. It affects even the youngest among us. The condition leads to myriad structural, physiological, and psychosocial disturbances, which in turn diminish the quality of life of the afflicted and threaten the long-term survival of entire generations.
Hole multiplexing in quinone-derivative photochemical hole-burning systems (1992)

We have investigated hole-burning reactions of quinone derivatives in order to elucidate the substituent effects on hole multiplexing, the hole-formation wavelength range, and the electric-field effect. For dense multiple-hole formation, our investigation has proved that selecting the proper substituents and the proper combination of guest and host molecules is important. Consequently, in quinone-derivative systems, multiple-hole formations in wavelengths and in electric fields were achieved at 4.2 K.
A reverse genetics system for avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus based on targeted RNA recombination (2017)

Targeted RNA recombination allows for the generation of recombinant IBV strains that are not able to infect and propagate in continuous cell lines. The ability to introduce specific mutations holds promise for the development of rationally designed live-attenuated IBV vaccines and for studies into the biology of IBV in general.
Fiber Optic Rotary Position Transducer (1988)

A design for a Fiber Optic Rotary Position Transducer (FORM&apos;) has been developed, and major components tested, at Teledyne Ryan Electronics in San Diego, California. This rotary position transducer exhibits a full angular span of 90 (±45) degrees with an angular resolution of approximately 0.09 degrees (10 bits). The physical dimensions are approximately two inches outside diameter with a thickness of about one inch. The transducer is designed to meet standard military specifications. Its optical telemetry system operates on the principle of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). An optical signal processor consisting of an optical transmitter and receiver communicates via a single optical fiber to the transducer. A digitally encoded reflective disc coupled mechanically to a shaft and optically to a fiber optic read head constitutes the actual transduction mechanism.
First-line therapy of peripheral T-cell lymphoma: extension and long-term follow-up of a study investigating the role of autologous stem cell transplantation (2016)

Current guidelines recommend consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation (autoSCT) after induction chemotherapy for most patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). This assumption is based on five prospective phase II studies, three of which included <50 patients with limited follow-up. Here we present the final analysis of the prospective German study. The treatment regimen consisted of four to six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy followed by mobilizing therapy and stem cell collection. Patients in complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR) underwent myeloablative chemo(radio)therapy and autoSCT. From January 2001 to July 2010, 111 patients were enrolled in the study. The main subgroups were PTCL not specified (n=42) and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (n=37). Seventy-five (68%) of the 111 patients received transplantation. The main reason for not receiving autoSCT was progressive disease. In an intent-to-treat analysis, the complete response rate after myeloablative therapy was 59%. The estimated 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival and progression-free survival rates were 44%, 54% and 39%, respectively. The results of this study confirm that upfront autoSCT can result in long-term remissions in patients with all major subtypes of PTCL and therefore should be part of first-line therapy whenever possible.
Symmetry-breaking intramolecular charge transfer in the excited state of meso-linked BODIPY dyads (2011)

We report the synthesis and characterization of symmetric BODIPY dyads where the chromophores are attached at the meso position, using either a phenylene bridge or direct linkage. Both molecules undergo symmetry-breaking intramolecular charge transfer in the excited state, and the directly linked dyad serves as a visible-light-absorbing analogue of 9,9'-bianthryl.
Improved wedge scatter correction for multi-slice CT system (2019)

In modern multi-slice CT systems, bowtie shape wedge filter is widely used for optimizing patient received radiation dose distribution. Since wedge filter is usually fixed in the path of X-ray, the induced scatter radiation could give impact on image quality under certain cases. In order to compensate this extra scatter radiation and improve the image quality, we introduced a wedge scatter correction algorithm integrated in the raw data pre-processing workflow. After the algorithm is implemented on our latest CT systems, the improvement can be seen from both water phantom images and clinical patient images.
Biosynthesis of esperamicin A1, an enediyne antitumor antibiotic (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiosynthesis of esperamicin A1, an enediyne antitumor antibioticKin Sing Lam, Judith A. Veitch, Jerzy Golik, Bala Krishnan, Steven E. Klohr, Kevin J. Volk, Salvatore Forenza, and Terrence W. DoyleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 26, 12340–12345Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00079a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00079a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views447Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts