gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium Niobite on Silicon High Speed Spatial Light Modulator (2023)

We present a device of thin film lithium niobite integrated on a CMOS backplane, enhanced by a high quality factor guided mode resonance. The device offers GHz speed and megapixel degrees-of-freedom spatial light modulation.
Relationship Between Lower Body Power, Body Mass, and Softball-Specific Skills (2011)

In softball, the sport-specific skills of bat swing velocity and throwing velocity are key components to being successful on the field. It is of interest to coaches to know which performance variables relate to these softball-specific skills. If these can be identified, then the training of softball players may be able to improve bat swing and throwing velocity. PURPOSE: To determine the relationship of performance variables to bat swing and throwing velocity of college softball players. METHODS: Nineteen Division I female college softball players (age = 19.8 ± 1.15 yr, height = 167.0 ± 4.7 cm, body mass = 69.2 ± 8.6 kg) volunteered for this study. The anthropometric and performance variables were % body fat and lean body mass (Tanita bioelectrical impedance device), grip strength (Jamar hydraulic dynamometer), 1 repetition maximum (1RM) hang clean, parallel squat, bench press, and 1-arm dumbbell row, rotational power (4 lb medicine ball toss), vertical jump (Vertec apparatus), peak power (Myotest), throwing velocity (Stalker Pro radar gun), and bat swing velocity (SETPRO SPRT5A chronograph). Prior to the day of testing, all participants practiced using the Myotest device to learn the protocol and the timing of the device. The Myotest device was attached to a neoprene belt that was wrapped around the largest diameter of the subject's hips. Participants' place their hands on their hips, feet shoulder width apart, and performed 5 countermovement jumps. The Myotest calculated vertical jump height (in), power (W/kg), force (N/kg), and velocity (cm/s). On the day of testing, all participants were led in a 10 minute active, dynamic warm-up prior to testing. Subjects rotated through the various testing stations. RESULTS: Correlation coefficients were calculated for all variables by utilizing a correlation matrix from raw scores. Statistical analysis indicated significant low correlation (p < 0.05) between bat swing velocity and peak power (r = 0.39), 1RM hang clean (r = 0.35), body mass (r = 0.28), and % body fat (r = 0.21). Throwing velocity showed a low correlation to height (r = 0.24) and 1RM dumbbell row (r = 0.24). CONCLUSION: The data indicates that there are relationships between power, body mass, and body composition to bat swing velocity. For throwing velocity, there are relationships with height and strength. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: It is suggested that those that train female college softball players increase their body mass, strength, and power to improve their bat swing and throwing velocity. It could also be stated that those that recruit college softball players may want to look for taller individuals since there was a relationship between height and greater throwing velocity.
Phenolics with Anti-HSV and Anti-HIV Activities fromArtocarpus gomezianus.,Mallotus pallidus., andTriphasia trifolia. (2005)

A total of 25 phenolic compounds were studied for their inhibitory effects against herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. These include five flavonoids (1–5) and two dimeric stilbenes (6,7) from Artocarpus gomezianus. Wall. ex tréc., five phloroglucinol derivatives (8–12) from Mallotus pallidus. (Airy Shaw) Airy Shaw, and 13 courmarins (13–25) from Triphasia trifolia. (Burm.f.) P. Wilson. The data obtained in this study suggest the bis-hydroxyphenyl structure as a potential target for anti-HSV and HIV drugs development.
Type I allergy induced by Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) (1992)

During the last few years Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) has been extensively used to detect minimal amounts of endotoxins of Gram-negative bacteria in products of the pharmaceutical industry, in food stuff, body fluids, house dust and room air. LAL is produced from cells of the haemolymph (amoebocytes) of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus), which respond with an extremely sensitive clotting system upon contact with endotoxins. In this study we demonstrate by typical case history, positive skin test and ELISA the occurrence of Type I allergy to LAL in a patient suffering from conjunctivitis and rhinitis at work.
Associations between hepatocyte growth factor, c-Met, and basic fibroblast growth factor and survival in endometrial cancer patients (2012)

These IHC data show that tumour and stromal bFGF expression have opposite associations with survival outcomes in EC patients. If confirmed in larger studies, tumour-derived bFGF could be an attractive target in EC therapy.
Investigation of unsupervised adaptation of DNN acoustic models with filter bank input (2014)

Adaptation to speaker variations is an essential component of speech recognition systems. One common approach to adapting deep neural network (DNN) acoustic models is to perform global constrained maximum likelihood linear regression (CMLLR) at some point of the systems. Using CMLLR (or more generally, generative approaches) is advantageous especially in unsupervised adaptation scenarios with high baseline error rates. On the other hand, as the DNNs are less sensitive to the increase in the input dimensionality than GMMs, it is becoming more popular to use rich speech representations, such as log mel-filter bank channel outputs, instead of conventional low-dimensional feature vectors, such as MFCCs and PLP coefficients. This work discusses and compares three different configurations of DNN acoustic models that allow CMLLR-based speaker adaptive training (SAT) to be performed in systems with filter bank inputs. Results of unsupervised adaptation experiments conducted on three different data sets are presented, demonstrating that, by choosing an appropriate configuration, SAT with CMLLR can improve the performance of a well-trained filter bank-based speaker independent DNN system by 10.6% relative in a challenging task with a baseline error rate above 40%. It is also shown that the filter bank features are advantageous than the conventional features even when they are used with SAT models. Some other insights are also presented, including the effects of block diagonal transforms and system combination.
The Metallic-Like Conductivity of a Two-Dimensional Hole System (1997)

We report on a zero magnetic field transport study of a two-dimensional, variable-density, hole system in GaAs. As the density is varied we observe, for the first time in GaAs-based materials, a crossover from an insulating behavior at low-density, to a metallic-like behavior at high-density, where the metallic behavior is characterized by a large drop in the resistivity as the temperature is lowered. These results are in agreement with recent experiments on Si-based two-dimensional systems by Kravchenko et al. and others. We show that, in the metallic region, the resistivity is dominated by an exponential temperature-dependence with a characteristic temperature which is proportional to the hole density, and appear to reach a constant value at lower temperatures.
Abstract 4844: CRISPR-generated BAP1 knockdown in uveal melanoma cell lines affects organotropism (2017)

Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM), a genetically distinct subtype of melanoma, arises from melanocytes located in the uveal tract of the eye, and is the most common intraocular cancer in adults. Clinically evident metastasis occurs in about 50% of patients, often several years after successful treatment of the primary tumour, with secondary disease occurring predominantly in the liver. In most cases surgical resection is not possible, and there are currently no effective chemotherapeutic treatments available once the metastatic disease has developed. Loss of the tumor suppressor and chromatin modifier BAP1 (BRCA1-associated protein 1) is linked with poor prognosis and high risk for developing liver metastasis. However, our knowledge about the processes involved in UM metastasis and the mechanisms that enable metastatic growth preferentially in the liver is limited. We recently described a panel of isogenic BAP1 knockout/knockdown UM cell lines generated by CRISPR technology, which allowed us to study the cellular effects of BAP1 loss in comparison to parental UM cell lines. In mouse xenograft studies we were able to show that BAP1-loss of function (LOF) promoted metastatic growth preferentially in the liver, while the parental cells metastasized mainly to lymph nodes and lung. A possible explanation for the observed liver tropism could lie in the alteration of protein secretion or receptor expression patterns upon BAP1 knockout that may result in an increased sensitivity to liver specific growth factors or cytokines. We are currently investigating gene expression and protein alterations resulting from BAP1 knockdown, and the reciprocal signaling between the CRISPR cell line pairs and liver cells such as hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells in co-culture experiments. These studies will reveal a potential mechanism by which loss of BAP1 function mediates liver tropism in vivo and potentially provide new therapeutic avenues for patients at high risk of metastatic UM disease. Citation Format: Katharina Mahal, Kelly Brooks, Amit Mandal, Matthew Smith, Nathalie Dhomen, Richard Marais. CRISPR-generated BAP1 knockdown in uveal melanoma cell lines affects organotropism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4844. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4844
Femtosecond response of metal – oxide hybrid nanosystems. (2014)

Plasmons hold promise for applications in photonic circuitry because of their ability to squeeze light into sub-wavelength dimensions and also for their ultrafast response times. To this end, it is important to fabricate plasmonic systems that can generate large optical signals at ultrafast timescales. This goal has been accomplished using coherent harmonic generation or wave mixing at metallic nanostructures where the femtosecond plasmonic response is attributed to plasmon dephasing [1]. However, the multi-frequency nature of these optical effects makes their practical use challenging. Plasmonic devises based on Kerr-type nonlinear optical effects, on the other hand, can operate at a single, fundamental frequency. However, the ultrafast response of gold nanostructures so far has been measured to be in the picosecond timescales attributed to electron – phonon scattering [2-4]. By designing and fabricating metal-oxide hybrid nanosystems with ultra-high field enhancements we were able to demonstrate much faster, femtosecond dynamics of the optical response. Moreover, our experiments show that the nonlinear optical response can be further tuned in both time and spectral domains by tuning the material composition of our hybrid nanomaterials. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
On the relationship between the plasma characteristics, the microstructure and the optical properties of reactively sputtered TiO2 thin films (2021)

A titanium target was reactively sputtered in an Ar/O2 atmosphere by (i) conventional direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS), (ii) high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), and (iii) bipolar HiPIMS (BPH) discharges for the deposition of titanium dioxide thin films without intentional heating and biasing. In the HiPIMS and BPH cases, the peak current density was set to either 0.32 A cm-2 or 0.86 A cm-2. The time-averaged power density delivered to the plasma was set to ≈1.2 W cm-2 in each case. For the BPH discharge, a positive pulse of +300 V was applied after the negative pulse to accelerate the positive ions toward the substrate. Energy-resolved mass spectrometry analysis has shown a low-energy peak for DCMS while a high energy tail extending in the range of several tens of eV was observed with HiPIMS. In the BPH discharge, the energy reached ≈300 eV for Ti+ ions, which is in agreement with the applied positive potential. According to the x-ray diffraction patterns, amorphous coatings were obtained with DCMS, while rutile TiO2 was obtained with both HiPIMS and BPH. However, in the BPH case, diffractograms were characterized by more intense high-angle diffraction peaks highlighting a modification of the growth process for these conditions. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry analysis has shown that a higher amount of argon atoms were incorporated into the TiO2 films which are found to be slightly understoichiometric for the BPH discharge. It was also found that the refractive index, n, varied as a function of the sputtering regime with the highest value obtained in the HiPIMS case (n = 2.73 at 550 nm). Finally, the experimentally determined optical data were compared to the ones extracted from NASCAM simulations which are found in good agreement except for the BPH case 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Coexistence of acquired protein S and protein C deficiency and the Arg506Gln mutation in factor Va in a child with severe thromboembolic disease (1998)

An 11-y-old girl who presented with cellulitis and clinical signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is reported here. She developed staphylococcal sepsis, recurrent septic emboli and a large vegetation on the tricuspid valve. The patient was found to be heterozygous for the Arg506Gln mutation in factor Va and had low levels of protein C and protein S during the sepsis. The coexistence of the two thrombophilic states may explain the severe thromboembolic manifestations.
Abstract 4826: Identification of low prevalence somatic mutations in heterogeneous tumor samples (2011)

Abstract High throughput sequencing enables the digital measurement of each allele in a DNA sample. This provides an ideal method to interrogate mutations present in heterogeneous samples such as solid tumors in which clonal selection or contamination with stroma can hinder the identification of important somatic mutations. We developed an ultra-deep targeted sequencing (UDT-Seq) assay to screen 46 cancer genes via microdroplet PCR (RainDance Technologies) and direct sequencing of the amplicons on the Illumina GA. This UDT-Seq library interrogates ∼86 kb of DNA located in cancer mutational hotspots (87% of all COSMIC mutations) and ∼29 kb located in exons sequenced in HapMap samples for the assay calibration and performance evaluation. We devised a statistical filtering of the mutations by using both experimental estimation and statistical modeling of the sequencing error rate. We measured the performance of our assay by processing 4 blends of 4 HapMap samples, interrogating 160 SNPs with known prevalence in each blend. The sensitivity and specificity of our method is &amp;gt;90% and &amp;gt;99% respectively for variants present at 5% prevalence or greater. We next interrogated 4 cancer samples (xenografts, 2 of which with matching primary samples) from 4 different tissues. We were able to detect low-prevalence somatic mutations in all samples of which some are well-known driver mutations. Interestingly, the mutational profile from primary to xenograft is conserved for one sample but different for another. Finally, we analyzed the robustness of the detection and prevalence measurement after performing whole-genome amplification on DNA extracted from fresh frozen and FFPE tissue using Single Primer Isothermal Amplification technology (SPIA® -NuGEN Technologies). Featuring a streamlined sample preparation to interrogate a large number of bases, this assay is well suited for clinical applications to study clonal selection in cancer progression or treatment with sub-optimal heterogeneous cancer samples. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4826. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4826
Identification of Cinnamaldehyde as Most Effective Fatty Acid Uptake Reducing Cinnamon-Derived Compound in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Compared to Its Structural Analogues Cinnamyl Alcohol, Cinnamic Acid, and Cinnamyl Isobutyrate (2019)

Naturally occurring cinnamon compounds such as cinnamaldehyde (CAL) and structurally related constituents have been associated with antiobesity activities, although studies regarding the impact on intestinal fatty acid uptake are scarce. Here, we demonstrate the effects of CAL and structural analogues cinnamyl alcohol (CALC), cinnamic acid (CAC), and cinnamyl isobutyrate on mechanisms regulating intestinal fatty acid uptake in differentiated Caco-2 cells. CAL, CALC, and CAC (3000 μM) were found to decrease fatty acid uptake by 58.0 ± 8.83, 19.4 ± 8.98, and 21.9 ± 6.55%, respectively. While CAL and CALC at a concentration of 300 μM increased serotonin release 14.9 ± 3.00- and 2.72 ± 0.69-fold, respectively, serotonin alone showed no effect on fatty acid uptake. However, CAL revealed transient receptor potential channel A1-dependency in the decrease of fatty acid uptake, as well as in CAL-induced serotonin release. Overall, CAL was identified as the most potent of the cinnamon constituents tested.
Use of Nutrient Self-Selection as a Diet Refining Tool in Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (2013)

A new method to refine existing dietary supplements for improving production of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), was tested. Self-selected ratios of 6 dietary ingredients by T. molitor larvae were used to produce a dietary supplement. This supplement was compared with existing supplement formulations mixed with wheat bran at 1:4 ratio and a control consisting of wheat bran alone for food utilization efficiency, larval growth, development time, immature survival, and fecundity. Ingredients of dietary supplements included dry potato as a source of carbohydrate; dry egg white and soy protein as a source of protein and; peanut, canola, and salmon oil as a source of lipid. A supplement consisting of dry potato alone significantly improved food utilization, growth, development time, survival, and fecundity compared with the wheat bran-only control group. The addition of protein to the supplement significantly shortened development time and improved food conversion efficiency and fecundity compared with the supplement with potato alone. The addition of lipid did not provide any significant improvements. The supplement derived from self-selected ratios of the basic ingredients provided a significant increase in fecundity compared with previously developed supplements and the control. Self-selected ratios of the basic ingredients by T. molitor larvae had an effect on the adult stage that resulted in significantly higher progeny production.
WAAS Messaging System: Data Rate, Capacity, and Forward Error Correction* (1997)

This paper focuses on the design of the Wide-Area Augmentation System (WAAS) messaging system. Specifically, it explains why the data rate is 250 bits/s and the messages are 250 bits long. It also explains why forward error correction is used. The paper estimates the signal-to-noise ratio required for reliable WAAS operation, and discusses message availability when the WAAS satellite is at low elevation angles. This paper does not give a bit-by-bit description of the WAAS data format, nor does it detail the spread-spectrum codes used by WAAS. For these topics, the reader is referred to the current version of the Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for WAAS avionics. This paper is based on the work of RTCA Special Committee-159, which is charged with studying the integrity of GPS and writing performance standards for the airborne equipment. In particular, this paper owes much to the efforts of Working Group 2, which is developing the WAAS MOPS.
Disruption of Telomere Maintenance by Depletion of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 Complex in Cells That Use Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (2007)

Immortalized human cells are able to maintain their telomeres by telomerase or by a recombination-mediated DNA replication mechanism known as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). We showed previously that overexpression of Sp100 protein can suppress ALT and that this was associated with sequestration of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) recombination protein complex by Sp100. In the present study, we determined whether MRN proteins are required for ALT activity. ALT cells were depleted of MRN proteins by small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown, which was maintained for up to 100 population doublings. Knockdown of NBS1 had no effect on the level of RAD50 or MRE11, but knockdown of RAD50 also depleted cells of NBS1, and knockdown of MRE11 depleted cells of all three MRN proteins. Depletion of NBS1, with or without depletion of other members of the complex, resulted in inhibition of ALT-mediated telomere maintenance, as evidenced by decreased numbers of ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies and decreased telomere length. In some clones there was an initial period of rapid shortening followed by stabilization of telomere length, whereas in others there was continuous shortening at a rate within the reported range for normal human somatic cells lacking a telomere maintenance mechanism. In contrast, depletion of NBS1 in telomerase-positive cells did not result in telomere shortening. A recent study showed that NBS1 was required for the formation of extrachromosomal telomeric circles (Compton, S. A., Choi, J. H., Cesare, A. J., Ozgur, S., and Griffith, J. D. (2007) Cancer Res. 67, 1513-1519), also a marker for ALT. We conclude that the MRN complex, and especially NBS1, is required for the ALT mechanism.
Evaluation of the Mechanical Strength of Solar Cell Solder Joint Interconnects and Their Micostructural Properties by Developing a New Test and Inspection Equipment (2011)

The expected life time of a PV solar cell is 20-25 years. Therefore the quality and reliability of materials and process parameters of cell connecting solder joints has to be assured. A standardized method or clearly defined good-bad-criteria are not available for testing busbar interconnects in PV products. Thus a comparison of module manufacturers, cell types, base- and joining materials or joining technologies is not possible. Due to the lack of standards and commercial available test equipment PV module manufacturers often implement their own test solutions and specifications. These mostly have limited scientific proof, are difficult to interpret and lack optimisation. The most commonly used test for solar cell ribbon interconnects is the pull or peel test, as used in micro-electronics. For thin, brittle, large area silicon solar cells substantial modifications of the test equipment and methodology are required to realize a suitable metrology. In addition the factors influencing the defect conditions in multi crystalline material, high strains around the solder connect, inhomogeneous contact interfaces has to be considered. Results show the development, optimization and evaluation of a test method for soldered bus bar interconnects on silicon a solar cell that is independent of product, manufacturer and cell assembly. A comparison between this new method, its results and the previously mentioned issues is made. The test method demonstrates how cell breakage during a test can be avoided by optimising how it is mounted and guided.