gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional beam-deflection optical tomography of a supersonic jet (1988)

We report 3-D imaging of density in a supersonic expansion using beam-deflection optical tomography. Quantitative high-resolution images with absolute accuracy of 3%, dynamic range of 500:1, and spatial resolution to within a factor of 1.7 of the diffraction limit were produced with a He-Ne laser and simple apparatus. Theory shows that the spatial frequency content of beam-deflection measurements is well suited for tomographic reconstruction. The theory for the diffraction-limited resolution for tomography is presented.
Allowing multiple experts to revise a thesaurus database (1997)

A thesaurus contains a variety of terms in many categories, so multiple experts should join as a team to systematically maintain it. In this paper, we describe a thesaurus management system that allows multiple experts to maintain a thesaurus database.
Structure-aware Fine-tuning of Sequence-to-sequence Transformers for Transition-based AMR Parsing (2021)

Predicting linearized
23.3 A 51A Hybrid Magnetic Current Sensor with a Dual Differential DC Servo Loop and 43mArms Resolution in a 5MHz Bandwidth (2023)

Magnetic current sensors are widely used in applications where galvanic isolation and wide bandwidth (BW) are desired, such as in switched-mode power supplies and motor drivers. By using Hall plates for low frequencies and pick-up coils for high frequencies, hybrid magnetic sensors can achieve high resolution (tens of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{mA}$</tex> ) over a wide frequency range (up to 15MHz) [1]–[3]. However, previous designs exhibit either poor gain flatness over frequency or limited energy efficiency. This work presents a hybrid magnetic current sensor that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{achieves}\pm 1$</tex> . 1% gain flatness, which is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$3\times$</tex> better than prior art [1]–[3]. Its energy efficiency is also <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$11\times$</tex> better than the state-of-the-art [1], [4], [5].
Aggressive CD30 Large Cell Lymphoma after Cyclosporine Given for Putative Atopic Dermatitis (2006)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is not regarded as a predisposing condition for cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Cyclosporine (CsA) is an efficient therapy in AD, and its side effects, including lymphocytic proliferation, are rare at the low dose used in such cases. So far 3 cases of patients who developed cutaneous T cell lymphoma under CsA treatment for atopy have been described. An adult patient with a history of AD received CsA therapy because of an atypical flare-up of his eruption. He rapidly developed papular atypical lesions, then followed by the onset of a voluminous cutaneous tumor leading to the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) transformed in CD30+ large cell lymphoma with nodal and blood involvement. No improvement occurred after withdrawing of CsA, and he required a polychemotherapy and an allograft. This case illustrates the dramatic evolution of an MF under CsA given in the hypothesis of AD. It stresses the fact that skin biopsies should be taken in case of atypical AD to rule out MF and avoid such an aggressive evolution under immunosuppressive therapy.
Analysis of 4‐methyl‐piperazine‐1‐carbodithioic acid 3‐cyano‐3,3‐diphenyl‐propyl ester hydrochloride and its major metabolites in rat plasma and tissues by LC‐MS/MS (2007)

4-Methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioic acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl ester hydrochloride (TM-208) is a newly synthesized compound, which has shown excellent in vivo and in vitro anticancer activity and low toxicity. To investigate the metabolism of TM-208 in rats, in the present study, we administered TM-208 orally to rats and analyzed its metabolites existing in rat plasma and central tissues by LC-MS/MS. Rat plasma and tissue samples were collected before or after a single oral dose (250 mg/kg) of TM-208, then the analytes were extracted from samples by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The structures of proposed metabolites were elucidated according to the rules of drug metabolism and disposition in vivo and the characteristic fragmentation behaviors of TM-208 in ESI-ITMS(n). Five metabolites (M1-M5) were tentatively or assuredly identified: (2-amino-ethyl)-dithiocarbamic acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-propyl ester (M1), (2-methylamino-ethyl)-dithiocarbamic acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-propyl ester (M2), 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbothioic acid S-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-propyl) ester (M3), piperazine-1-carbodithioic acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl ester (M4), and sulfine of (4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioic acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl ester) (M5).
Fault-Tolerant Capability of Deadbeat-Direct Torque and Flux Control for Three-Phase PMSM Drives (2017)

This paper investigates the performance of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive operating under a single fault, adopting a low cost and fault-tolerant control based on deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC). Under faulty operation, this fault-tolerant DB-DTFC offers an independent regulation of the electromagnetic torque and the stator flux linkage by using the same torque line equation, stator flux linkage, and current observers adopted during healthy conditions, requiring very limited hardware reconfigurations. In particular, it has been demonstrated that in a fault situation, the same drive model equations adopted for the healthy electric drive can be exploited with very limited detrimental effects on the drive performance simply by applying a suitable reference frame transformation set in the torque and flux control structure. The proposed fault-tolerant DB-DTFC has been validated by experimental tests, confirming that the proposed fault-tolerant DB-DTFC ensures satisfactory faulty operations and drive stability, without significant degradation of parameter sensitivity, keeping limited the increment of computational efforts.
Instrumentation of a deep-UV microscope resolving less than 0.15 μm (1999)

Remarkable improvement in resolution when observing critical dimensions in semiconductor inspection by using a newly- developed deep-UV optical microscope is presented. At present, while scanning electron microscope (SEM) is the only imaging tool for less than 0.20-micron geometry, improvement in resolution of optical microscope has strongly been desired because of its easier operations and less damage including feature. Simulation of resolution to be achieve indicated that deep-UV wavelength only clearly resolve less than 0.15-micron geometry and images acquired at 266nm in the following experiment well agreed with the simulation. An objective lens especially for deep-UV, laser light source, illumination and imaging optics, and image detection device were built on a conventional microscope stand. This high-resolution microscope may extend the field of optical inspection and even open up new inspection applications.
Detection of Minor Clones With Internal Tandem Duplication Mutations of FLT3 Gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Delta-PCR (2013)

Internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations of the FLT3 gene have been associated with inferior prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Detection of minor clones or minimal residual clones with ITD mutations is desirable, but is challenging when the mutant signal determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis is weak. In this study, we applied delta-PCR, which is a triple-primer strategy, to ensure PCR specificity and improve the sensitivity to 0.1% leukemic cells with ITD mutation. We also applied a reference peak to calculate ITD allelic burdens of <2% threshold of technical limitation for evaluating the relative ratio of 2 signals by capillary electrophoresis. Delta-PCR was able to detect single or multiple ITD mutations with an allelic burden (peak height ratio of mutant allele and wild-type allele) ranging from 0.4% to >100% among all 31 cases with previous documented ITD mutations. In one of the 3 cases with previously reported negative ITD mutation in the initial diagnostic specimen and ITD-positive results in the follow-up specimens, an ITD of 0.04% allele burden was retrospectively detected in the initial diagnosis specimen using delta-PCR. We also demonstrated that minor ITD mutant clones with an allelic burden of <1% present at diagnosis may become a dominant clone at the later refractory status, suggesting that detection of leukemic clones with allelic burdens of <1% may be clinically significant. Delta-PCR can detect ITD mutations with improved sensitivity and specificity and may be useful for the detection of minimal residual leukemia.
Intracochlear Electrical Stimulation: Results of Psychoacoustic Studies in Man and Physiological Studies in Cats (1973)

A series of simple psychoacoustic experiments has been conducted on subjects previously implanted with an intracochlear bipolar electrode. With use of simple ac electrical stimulation, subjects heard sounds described as “tones” over a frequency range from about 100 to at least several thousand Hz. The apparent pitch rose rapidly up to 400–600 Hz; at higher frequencies, it changed slowly if at all over a broad range of frequency. The dF was about 1–3 Hz at 100 Hz, 5–10 Hz at 500 Hz, and 50–100 Hz at 1 kHz. Physiological experiments were conducted to determine how sensation heard by these subjects is generated and encoded in the auditory nervous system. Study of single units of the inferior colliculus in cats using standard microelectrode techniques has revealed: (1) Tuning curves of colliculus neurons excited by electrical stimuli were flat, and all were roughly parallel. The normal “place” representation of stimulus frequency is obscured. (2) The period of the stimulus is represented in the time order of discharge of colliculus neurons at frequencies up to 500–600 Hz. (3) With the stimulus electrode employed, the threshold of the acoustic nerve at the cochlear base was 30–40 dB lower than at the cochlear apex. Psychoacoustic and physiological evidence strongly suggests that hearing in these subjects is akin to the described sensation of “periodicity pitch.”
Kinds of Anthropomorphic Form. (2004)

This paper is a report on ongoing basic design research into anthropomorphic forms in design. With this research, we are building a core of design knowledge to inform both design studies and design practice. Our intention is to present an understanding of anthropomorphic forms that can be used for the interpretation and critique of existing forms and provide guidance in the use of anthropomorphic forms in new products. Towards these ends we are interested in three fundamental questions; what are the kinds of anthropomorphic forms, how are anthropomorphic forms created, and how are anthropomorphic forms used. In this paper we take up the first question, what are the kinds of anthropomorphic form, we identify and describe four kinds of anthropomorphic form: structural, gestural, character, and aware.
A Question of Prevalence: Liner Dislodgment in Harris-Galante Acetabular Components (2002)

Linscheid, Ronald L. MD; Dobyns, James H. MD; Beabout, John W. MD; Bryan, Richard S. MD Author Information
Experimental evaluation of protection and immunogenicity of Streptococcus suis bacterin-based vaccines formulated with different commercial adjuvants in weaned piglets (2021)

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen responsible for economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. There is no effective commercial vaccine against S. suis. The use of autogenous ("bacterin") vaccines to control S. suis outbreaks is a frequent preventive measure in the field, although scientific data on immunogenicity and reduction in mortality and morbidity are scarce. The goal of our study is to experimentally evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy against homologous challenge in weaned piglets of a S. suis serotype 2 bacterin-based vaccine formulated with six different commercial adjuvants (Alhydrogel®, Emulsigen®-D, Quil-A®, Montanide™ ISA 206 VG, Montanide™ ISA 61 VG, and Montanide™ ISA 201 VG). The vaccine formulated with Montanide™ ISA 61 VG induced a significant increase in anti-S. suis antibodies, including both IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses, protected against mortality and significantly reduced morbidity and severity of clinical signs. Vaccines formulated with Montanide ISA 206 VG or Montanide ISA 201 VG also induced a significant increase in anti-S. suis antibodies and showed partial protection and reduction of clinical signs severity. Vaccines formulated with Alhydrogel®, Emulsigen®-D, or Quil-A® induced a low and IgG1-shifted antibody response and failed to protect vaccinated piglets against a homologous challenge. In conclusion, the type of adjuvant used in the vaccine formulation significantly influenced the immune response and efficacy of the vaccine against a homologous challenge.
WAS*IS: Building a Community for Integrating Meteorology and Social Science (2007)

Weather and Society*Integrated Studies (WAS*IS) is a grassroots movement to change the weather enterprise by comprehensively and sustainably integrating social science into meteorological research and practice. WAS*IS is accomplishing this by establishing a framework for a) building an interdisciplinary community of practitioners, researchers, and stakeholders who are dedicated to the integration of meteorology and social science, and b) providing this community with a means to learn and further examine ideas, methods, and examples related to integrated weather-society work. In its first year, WAS*IS focused on achieving its mission primarily through several workshops. Between July 2005 and August2006, there were three WAS*IS workshops with a total of 86 selected participants. The workshops focused on the following: laying the groundwork for conducting interdisciplinary work, teaching basic tools and concepts relevant to integrated weather-society efforts, using real-world examples to learn about effective integrated work, and developing opportunities and relationships for doing WAS*IS-type work. By emphasizing the importance of developing a lifelong cohort, as well as helping participants learn and apply social science tools and concepts, WAS*IS can address societal impacts of weather in powerful and sustained ways. This article discusses the need and motivation for creating WAS*IS; the development, scope, and implementation of WAS*IS through summer of 2006; and WAS*IS-related outcomes thus far, as well as future prospects of the WAS*IS movement.
2001 6th International Symposium on Plasma- and Process-Induced Damage, May 13-15, 2001, Monterey, California, USA (2001)

This work covers topics such as: damage measurement; plasma characterization and damage mitigation; non-volatile memories; ultra-thin dielectrics; contamination; and multi-terminal effects.
Cell Search Time Comparison Using Hierarchical and Non-Hierarchical Synchronization Channels in OFDM Based Evolved UTRA Downlink (2007)

This paper presents a performance comparison of the initial cell search time and neighboring cell search time using hierarchical and non-hierarchical synchronization channel (SCH) structures in order to establish the optimum SCH structure in the evolved UTRA downlink. Computer simulation results show that in a 19-cell configuration, the cell search time at the 90% cumulative distribution function using the hierarchical SCH structure is less than half that using the non-hierarchical SCH structure in a neighboring cell search under low signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio conditions, although both structures achieve almost the same cell search time in the initial cell search. This is due to the cross-correlation based SCH symbol timing detection in the hierarchical SCH structure, which is affected less by noise than auto-correlation based detection in the non-hierarchical SCH structure. Thus, we conclude that the hierarchical SCH structure is more appropriate than the non-hierarchical SCH structure based on the cell search time performance especially in the neighboring cell search.
ISWC 2018: Towards Smarter Wearable Technologies That Blend With Our Bodies (2019)

Reports on major events and exhibitions that were part of the 2018 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC) in Singapore in October 2018.
The Decursin Analog, CYJ-27, Suppresses Inflammation Via the Downregulation of NF- κ B and STAT-1 (2021)

CYJ-27, a synthetic analog of decursin, prevents the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. In this study, the effects of CYJ-27 on the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and cyclooxygenase (COX-)2 were characterized in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, the effects of CYJ-27 on the production of iNOS and representative proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-<i>α</i> and interleukin (IL)-1<i>β,</i> were tested in the lung tissues of LPS-treated mice. CYJ-27 promoted the expression of HO-1, suppressed NF-<i>κ</i>B-luciferase activity, and reduced COX-2/PGE2 and iNOS/NO, resulting in a diminution in phosphorylated-STAT-1. Furthermore, CYJ-27 promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, enhanced the combination of Nrf2 to antioxidant response elements, and diminished IL-1<i>β</i> production in LPS-activated HUVECs. CYJ-27-downregulated iNOS/NO expression was rescued after the RNAi suppression of HO-1. In LPS-treated mice, CYJ-27 significantly diminished iNOS production in the lung tissues and TNF-<i>α</i> expression in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These findings indicate that CYJ-27 exerts anti-inflammatory activities by regulating iNOS through downregulation of both NF-<i>κ</i>B activation and phosphorylated-STAT-1. Hence, it can act as a template for the development of novel substances to treat inflammatory diseases.
Staufen 1 amplifies proapoptotic activation of the unfolded protein response (2020)

Staufen-1 (STAU1) is an RNA-binding protein that becomes highly overabundant in numerous neurodegenerative disease models, including those carrying mutations in presenilin1 (PSEN1), microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), huntingtin (HTT), TAR DNA-binding protein-43 gene (TARDBP), or C9orf72. We previously reported that elevations in STAU1 determine autophagy defects and its knockdown is protective in models of several neurodegenerative diseases. Additional functional consequences of STAU1 overabundance, however, have not been investigated. We studied the role of STAU1 in the chronic activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a common feature among neurodegenerative diseases and often directly associated with neuronal death. Here we report that STAU1 is a novel modulator of the UPR, and is required for apoptosis induced by activation of the PERK-CHOP pathway. STAU1 levels increased in response to multiple endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressors, and exogenous expression of STAU1 was sufficient to cause apoptosis through the PERK-CHOP pathway of the UPR. Cortical neurons and skin fibroblasts derived from Stau1<sup>-/-</sup> mice showed reduced UPR and apoptosis when challenged with thapsigargin. In fibroblasts from individuals with SCA2 or with ALS-causing TDP-43 and C9ORF72 mutations, we found highly increased STAU1 and CHOP levels in basal conditions, and STAU1 knockdown restored CHOP levels to normal. Taken together, these results show that STAU1 overabundance reduces cellular resistance to ER stress and precipitates apoptosis.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS OF ETHYL 2‐ANILINO‐4‐OXO‐4,5‐DIHYDROTHIOPHENE‐3‐CARBOXYLATE (1981)

Abstract Phenylisothiocyanat reagiert mit dem γ‐Chloracetoacetat (I) in Gegenwart von NaH zu dem Titelthiophen (II), aus dem die Verbindungen (III)‐(VIII) zugänglich sind.
The Source of Hemisensory Disturbances in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (2020)

These findings suggest that trigeminal sensory nerve input activates sensitized and/or disinhibited nociceptive circuits in the thalamus or higher cortical centers in CRPS. This not only evokes ipsilateral supraorbital hyperalgesia but also compromises auditory perception. Hence, crosstalk between auditory and nociceptive signals at sites of convergence within the central nervous system may generate hyperacusis in CRPS.
Angle-resolved photoemission study of the surface state on TiC(111) (1992)

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy utilizing synchrotron radiation has been used to study the electronic structure of a ${\mathrm{TiC}}_{0.96}$(111) surface. A sharp emission from a surface state is observed at just below the Fermi level (0.20 eV at the \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} point) which is rapidly quenched by hydrogen adsorption. In addition, a weak emission peak is observed at 0.55 eV, which is also derived from the polar structure of the (111) surface but is insensitive to hydrogen adsorption. The two-dimensional band dispersion of the surface state is not found directly, but off-normal-emission measurements suggest that the state disperses upwards for both the \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}M\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} and \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} directions above the Fermi level. A resonant enhancement of the surface-state emission is found at h\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\sim}45 eV.
A Founder Mutation as a Cause of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation in Hispanic Americans (1996)

Virtually all cases of familial and sporadic cavernous malformation among Hispanic Americans of Mexican descent are due to the inheritance of the same mutation from a common ancestor.
SIMPLE: A Strategic Information Mining Platform for Licensing and Execution (2009)

Intellectual Properties (IP), such as patents and trademarks, are one of the most critical assets in today's enterprises and research organizations. They represent the core innovation and differentiators of an organization. When leveraged effectively, they not only protect a business from its competition, but also generate significant opportunities in licensing, execution, long term research and innovation. In certain industries, e. g., Pharmaceutical industry, patents lead to multi-billion dollar revenue per year. In this paper, we present a holistic information mining solution, called SIMPLE, which mines large corpus of patents and scientific literature for insights. Unlike much prior work that deals with specific aspects of analytics, SIMPLE is an integrated and end-to-end IP analytics solution which addresses a wide range of challenges in patent analytics such as the data complexity, scale, and nomenclature issues. It encompasses techniques for patent data processing and modeling, analytics algorithms, web interface and web services for analytics service delivery and end-user interaction. We use real-world case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of SIMPLE.
The Industrial Playing Field for the Conversion of Biomass to Renewable Fuels and Chemicals (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The Renewables Arena Renewable Fuels Renewable Chemicals Conclusions References
Correlation between facial involuntary movements and abnormalities of blink and corneal reflexes in Huntington's chorea (1988)

Blink and corneal reflexes were studied in 11 patients with Huntington's chorea and the results compared with the severity of the disease. The latency of the R2 component of the blink reflex was delayed and the duration of R2 and of the corneal reflex (CR) prolonged. A greater habituation of the R2 component was found in the patients with involuntary movements in the face, and in some patients a long-lasting depression of R2 was present. A correlation was found between: (a) severity of involuntary face movements and R2 and CR latency and (b) severity of involuntary movements in the neck and latency of R2.