gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The fluorescence excitation spectrum of rotationally cooled NO2 (1975)

The fluorescence excitation spectrum of NO2 was measured in the region 5708–6708 Å using a tuneable dye laser as an excitation source. The NO2 was cooled to a rotational temperature of ∼3 K by expansion with argon as a carrier gas through a supersonic nozzle. This cooling drastically reduced the rotational structure and thereby permitted a clear separation and analysis of 140 vibronic bands found in this 1000 Å region of the spectrum. The results indicate that most of the fluorescence in this region is due to a 2B2 electronic state, and that this state is so heavily perturbed by high lying levels of the ground electronic state that a substantial fraction of all ground state levels of appropriate vibronic symmetry in this region have appreciable fluorescence intensity.
A practical soft switching power supply with self‐oscillating circuit and resonant converter using a cross transformer (1997)

Recently, soft switching power supplies using resonant converters have been attracting notice owing to their high efficiency and low noise characteristics. Conventional resonant-type converters have a complex control circuit, and we solved this problem by using a cross transformer. Various types of switching power supplies which have a simple structure can be realized by a combination of a self-oscillating driving circuit and a resonant converter. This paper presents our development process and describes the latest technology of soft switching power supplies making use of super-small-sized cross transformers. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 121(1): 60–69, 1997
Thermosipho activus sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic, hydrolytic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea sample (2014)

A novel obligately anaerobic, extremely thermophilic, organotrophic bacterium, strain Rift-s3(T), was isolated from a deep-sea sample containing Riftia pachyptila sheath from Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Cells of the novel isolate were rods, 0.3-0.8 µm in width and 1.5-10 µm in length, surrounded by a sheath-like structure (toga). Strain Rift-s3(T) grew at temperatures ranging from 44 to 75 °C, at pH 5.5 to 8.0, and with NaCl concentrations of 3 to 60 g l(-1). Under optimum conditions (65 °C, pH 6.0, NaCl 25 g l(-1)), the doubling time was 30 min. The isolate was able to ferment mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides including cellulose, chitin, xylan and pectin, and proteins including β-keratins, casein and gelatin. Acetate, hydrogen and carbon dioxide were the main products of glucose fermentation. The G+C content of the DNA was 30 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the affiliation of strain Rift-s3(T) with the genus Thermosipho, with Thermosipho atlanticus Ob7(T) as the closest relative (96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Based on the phylogenetic analysis and physiological properties of the novel isolate we propose a novel species of the genus Thermosipho, Thermosipho activus sp. nov., with Rift-s3(T) ( = DSM 26467(T) = VKM B-2803(T)) as the type strain.
CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions (2007)

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies s N N = 5.5 TeV, will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction -Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) -in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x).
Fast Planning for 3D Any-Pose-Reorienting Using Pivoting (2018)

In this paper, we consider reorienting 3D objects on a table using a two-finger pinch gripper. Given the 3D mesh model of the object, our algorithm solves for the gripper motions that are required to transit between arbitrary object poses, grasping positions and gripper poses. The two motion primitives we used, pivoting and compliant rolling, enable us to decompose the planning problem and solve it more efficiently. Our algorithm can work with approximated (simplified) mesh models while being robust to approximation errors, thereby allowing us to efficiently handle object shapes with originally thousands of facets. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method by testing on objects with non-trivial geometry in both simulations and experiments. Results show that our algorithm can solve a larger range of reorienting problems with less number of making and breaking contacts when compared to traditional pick-and-place based methods, especially when the gripper workspace is highly constrained.
High-bit-rate optical QAM (2009)

We review electro-optic synthesis of high-speed and high-spectral-efficient optical QAM, where a multi-parallel MZM is utilized. It is shown that QAM and other multi-level formats are synthesized superposing BPSK signals.
Presynaptic α2-GABAAReceptors in Primary Afferent Depolarization and Spinal Pain Control (2011)

Spinal dorsal horn GABA(A) receptors are found both postsynaptically on central neurons and presynaptically on axons and/or terminals of primary sensory neurons, where they mediate primary afferent depolarization (PAD) and presynaptic inhibition. Both phenomena have been studied extensively on a cellular level, but their role in sensory processing in vivo has remained elusive, due to inherent difficulties to selectively interfere with presynaptic receptors. Here, we address the contribution of a major subpopulation of GABA(A) receptors (those containing the α2 subunit) to spinal pain control in mice lacking α2-GABA(A) receptors specifically in primary nociceptors (sns-α2(-/-) mice). sns-α2(-/-) mice exhibited GABA(A) receptor currents and dorsal root potentials of normal amplitude in vitro, and normal response thresholds to thermal and mechanical stimulation in vivo, and developed normal inflammatory and neuropathic pain sensitization. However, the positive allosteric GABA(A) receptor modulator diazepam (DZP) had almost completely lost its potentiating effect on PAD and presynaptic inhibition in vitro and a major part of its spinal antihyperalgesic action against inflammatory hyperalgesia in vivo. Our results thus show that part of the antihyperalgesic action of spinally applied DZP occurs through facilitated activation of GABA(A) receptors residing on primary nociceptors.
Characterization of antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte responses in skin and peripheral blood following intradermal peptide vaccination. (2005)

Immune responses to cancer vaccines are commonly tested by measuring cutaneous reactions to intradermal (i.d.) antigen. When well-characterized peptide epitopes are injected i.d., infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes are frequently seen. In this study, we have further characterized T cells derived from vaccine-infiltrating lymphocyte (VIL) responses. We found that the infiltrates capable of producing IFN-gamma and cytolytic activity could recognize vaccine peptide, as well as antigen-positive melanoma cells. We studied antigen-specific T cell responses from VILs and peripheral blood in 10 patients who participated in a clinical trial. All patients received systemic Flt3 ligand (20 microg/kg/d) and i.d. peptides: Three NY-ESO-1 peptides, SLLMWITQCFL (157-167), SLLMWITQC (157-165), QLSLLMWIT (155-163); tyrosinase internal peptide YMDGTMSQV (368-376); Melan-A/MART-1 analogue peptide ELAGIGILTV (26-35, E27L substitution); and influenza matrix peptide GILGFVFTL (58-66). In 54 paired VIL and peripheral blood analyses, a good correlation was found between responses in skin and in blood. These cells could be rapidly expanded in a short-term assay and thus appear to be memory T cells. The demonstrated presence of antigen-specific T cells at vaccination sites validates this method of assessing the immune response to i.d. vaccines.
Chlorierung von N‐Alkyl‐carbonsäureamiden (1969)

Abstract Die Chlorierung von N ‐Alkyl‐carbonsäureamiden 1 führt zu N ‐Acyl‐imidchloriden 2 . Eine Ausnahme bilden im N ‐Alkyl‐Res α‐verzweigten N ‐Alkyl‐carbonsäureamide 6 , die in N ‐Acyl‐ketimine 8 übergehen. Die wichtigsten Eigenschaften und einige spektroskopische Daten von 2 und 8 werden angegeben.
Displacement Sensing With a Mechanically Tunable Photonic Crystal (2010)

We demonstrate a mechanically tunable photonic crystal (PC) designed for highly position-sensitive reflection. Our device consists of a multilayer PC membrane attached to a silicon microelectromechanical system structure for lateral actuation. Inside each of the PC holes there is a pillar, which is attached to the substrate. By moving the PC membrane with respect to the pillars we change the shape of the PC holes and thereby modulate the PC reflectivity. Our measurements show a reflectivity change of more than 80% for a 115-nm lateral displacement.
Improvement of die life with surface texture control and solid lubricant Erhöhung der Lebensdauer von Stempeln durch Regulierung der Oberlächentextur und Einsatz von Festschmierstofen (2012)

Kurzfassung he methodology of controlling t he surface texture of dies by means of Hybrid-shot peening was examined for the im- provement of the die life cycle applied to high strength steel sheets. Hybrid-shot is double-shot peening, where the irst treatment is performed using large particles, and the second one is performed with iner shot particles. he specimens of tool steels for dies treated by Hybrid-shot showed a high re- sistance against galling which was evaluated by the galling generation load of the draw bead test by using an oil lubricant, compared with the single shot specimens. his result sugges- ted that the surface texture inluenced the galling property. For a quantitative analysis of surface texture of die material, Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) was used. Findings revealed that the ratio of the spectrum amplitude between high and low frequencies calculated by FFT corresponded to the galling generation load of draw bead tests. On the other hand, the con- ventional index of surface roughness, Rz, had no relationship to the galling generation load. Furthermore, the efect of solid lubricant, that is, the powder produced by scallop shell, on the galling property was studied. he addition of ine scallop shell powder in the oil lubricant increased the galling generation load. n
A Review of Agricultural Land Functions: Analysis and Visualization Based on Bibliometrics (2023)

Achieving the goals of global food security and sustainable agricultural land use requires research that understands the processes and mechanisms of change in agricultural land systems. Agricultural land function is a suitable research area. Therefore, this paper collected 1643 papers on agricultural land function from the Web of Science Core Collection as research materials. HistCite, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used as the bibliometrics analysis tools to study basic information, research progress, hotspots, and frontiers in agricultural land function. The results showed that over the past 30 years, publications on agricultural land function have increased, and the dominant authors and institutions were located in the United States, China, Europe, etc. Land use, agriculture, and multifunctionality were research hotspots in this field. The research frontier included the interaction analysis between land use pattern and function, the evaluation and valuation of agricultural land function, the interaction and driving factors between agricultural land functions, and the relationship between agricultural land function and sustainability. This study could help researchers further understand the research status on agricultural land function, playing a fundamental role in the sustainable utilization of the agricultural land system and the realization of global food security goals.
Electron impact excitation of ions in Fourier transform mass spectrometry (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron impact excitation of ions in Fourier transform mass spectrometryRobert B. Cody and Ben S. FreiserCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 7, 1054–1056Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00134a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00134a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The World's First Real-Time Testbed for Massive MIMO: Design, Implementation, and Validation (2016)

This paper sets up a framework for designing a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) testbed by investigating hardware (HW) and system-level requirements such as processing complexity, duplexing mode and frame structure. Taking these into account, a generic system and processing partitioning is proposed which allows flexible scaling and processing distribution onto a multitude of physically separated devices. Based on the given HW constraints such as maximum number of links and maximum throughput for peer-to-peer interconnections combined with processing capabilities, the framework allows to evaluate modular HW components. To verify our design approach, we present the LuMaMi (Lund University Massive MIMO) testbed which constitutes the first reconfigurable real-time HW platform for prototyping massive MIMO. Utilizing up to 100 base station antennas and more than 50 Field Programmable Gate Arrays, up to 12 user equipments are served on the same time/frequency resource using an LTE-like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing time-division duplex-based transmission scheme. Proof-of-concept tests with this system show that massive MIMO can simultaneously serve a multitude of users in a static indoor and static outdoor environment utilizing the same time/frequency resource.
Transportation Fuels from Biomass via Fast Pyrolysis and Hydroprocessing (2015)

Biomass is a renewable source of carbon, which could provide a means to reduce the greenhouse gas impact from fossil fuel combustion in the transportation sector and provide for an option in an increasingly petroleum-constrained world. Recycling of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, either by direct chemical conversion or via biomass growth based on solar energy, provides the only renewable source of liquid fuels, which could displace petroleum-derived products. Reactor engineering for fast pyrolysis must account for the properties of biomass and the process requirements. It is likely that the product will be sufficiently deoxygenated to allow it to be fed directly as petroleum refinery feedstock. Catalytic hydroprocessing can be applied to the bio-oil product from fast pyrolysis to deoxygenate the bio-oil and produce hydrocarbon products that can serve as renewable transportation fuels. The process development of the hydroprocessing is just moving to scale up from the laboratory.
Finite-temperature phase diagram of vicinal Si(100) surfaces (1990)

The phase diagram of vicinal Si(100) as a function of misorientation angle and temperature is calculated. Contrary to previous suggestions that only double-layer steps should appear on the equilibrium surface, it is predicted that the single-layer stepped surface is at equilibrium for small misorientation angles. This structure is stabilized by strain relaxation and by the thermal roughening of the steps. For annealed surfaces the critical angle at which the transition between the single- and double-layer stepped surface occurs is calculated to be ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{\mathit{c}}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}.
Salicylic acid analogues as chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI contrast agents for the assessment of brain perfusion territory and blood–brain barrier opening after intra-arterial infusion (2016)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle for drug delivery to the brain. Predicted, focal opening of the BBB through intra-arterial infusion of hyperosmolar mannitol is feasible, but there is a need to facilitate imaging techniques (e.g. MRI) to guide interventional procedures and assess the outcomes. Here, we show that salicylic acid analogues (SAA) can depict the brain territory supplied by the catheter and detect the BBB opening, through chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI. Hyperosmolar SAA solutions themselves are also capable of opening the BBB, and, when multiple SAA agents were co-injected, their locoregional perfusion could be differentiated.
Readout signals calculated for near-field optical pickups with land and groove recording (2000)

Optical disk readout signals with a solid immersion lens (SIL) and the land-groove recording technique are calculated by use of a simplified vector-diffraction theory. In this method the full vector-diffraction theory is applied to calculate the diffracted light from the initial state of the disk, and the light scattered from the recorded marks is regarded as a perturbation. Using this method, we confirmed that the land-groove recording technique is effective as a means of cross-talk reduction even when the numerical aperture is more than 1. However, the top surface of the disk under the SIL must be flat, or the readout signal from marks recorded on a groove decays when the optical depth of the groove is greater than lambda/8.
Surgical Menopause and Estrogen Therapy Modulate the Gut Microbiota, Obesity Markers, and Spatial Memory in Rats (2021)

Menopause in human females and subsequent ovarian hormone deficiency, particularly concerning 17β-estradiol (E2), increase the risk for metabolic dysfunctions associated with obesity, diabetes type 2, cardiovascular diseases, and dementia. Several studies indicate that these disorders are also strongly associated with compositional changes in the intestinal microbiota; however, how E2 deficiency and hormone therapy affect the gut microbial community is not well understood. Using a rat model, we aimed to evaluate how ovariectomy (OVX) and subsequent E2 administration drive changes in metabolic health and the gut microbial community, as well as potential associations with learning and memory. Findings indicated that OVX-induced ovarian hormone deficiency and E2 treatment had significant impacts on several health-affecting parameters, including (a) the abundance of some intestinal bacterial taxa (e.g., <i>Bifidobacteriaceae</i> and <i>Porphyromonadaceae</i>), (b) the abundance of microbial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (e.g., isobutyrate), (c) weight/BMI, and (d) high-demand spatial working memory following surgical menopause. Furthermore, exploratory correlations among intestinal bacteria abundance, cognition, and BMI underscored the putative influence of surgical menopause and E2 administration on gut-brain interactions. Collectively, this study showed that surgical menopause is associated with physiological and behavioral changes, and that E2-linked compositional changes in the intestinal microbiota might contribute to some of its related negative health consequences. Overall, this study provides novel insights into interactions among endocrine and gastrointestinal systems in the post-menopausal life stage that collectively alter the risk for the development and progression of cardiovascular, metabolic, and dementia-related diseases.
651: Long-Term Risk of Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 22, 2006, 9:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2006651: Long-Term Risk of Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy Andrew J. Stephenson, James A. Eastham, Michael W. Kattan, Fernando J. Bianco, Zohar A. Dotan, and Peter T. Scardino Andrew J. StephensonAndrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author , James A. EasthamJames A. Eastham More articles by this author , Michael W. KattanMichael W. Kattan More articles by this author , Fernando J. BiancoFernando J. Bianco More articles by this author , Zohar A. DotanZohar A. Dotan More articles by this author , and Peter T. ScardinoPeter T. Scardino More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32897-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "651: Long-Term Risk of Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 210 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 210 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Andrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author James A. Eastham More articles by this author Michael W. Kattan More articles by this author Fernando J. Bianco More articles by this author Zohar A. Dotan More articles by this author Peter T. Scardino More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...