gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A General Linear-Optical Quantum State Generator (2007)

Linear-optical quantum state generator prepares a desired quantum state using product inputs from photon sources, linear-optical networks, and post-selection using photon counters. We solve the mathematical problem of constucting a generator for a desired state.
Androgen receptor (AR) suppresses normal human prostate epithelial cell proliferation via AR/β‐catenin/TCF‐4 complex inhibition of c‐MYC transcription (2014)

Proliferation of non-transformed human PrECs is dependent upon c-MYC transcription via formation/binding of β-catenin/TCF-4 complexes at both 5' and 3' c-MYC enhancers stimulated by Wnt-independent, PGF induced Akt signaling. In the presence of continuous PGF signaling, PrEC hyperplasia is prevented by androgen-induced formation of AR/β-catenin/TCF-4 complexes, which retains binding to 3' c-MYC enhancer, but now suppresses c-MYC transcription.
Validation of the Korean version of the Post-Event Processing Questionnaire-Revised (PEPQ-R) (2022)

사후처리란 사회적 상황에서 보였던 자신의 행동과 타인의 반응에 대해 자세히 검토하는 정보처리과정으 로, 사회불안장애 유지의 핵심 요인 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 인구비례 할당표집에 의해 모집된 성인 742명(남성 369명, 49.7%, 여성 373명, 50.3%)을 대상으로, 사후처리 질문지 개정판(Post-Event Processing Questionnaire-Revised, PEPQ-R)을 타당화 하였다. 탐색적 및 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였고, 12문항 단축형 사회적 상호작용 불안 및 사회공포증 척도(Social Interaction Anxiety and social Phobia Scale-12, SIAPS)와 사후 반추사고 척도(Post-Event Rumination Scale, PERS)의 부정 반추 소척도를 사용하여 수렴 타당도를, PERS의 긍 정 반추 소척도로 변별 타당도를 측정하였다. 또한 증분 타당도를 알아보기 위해 PERS 부정 반추 소척도 와, 한국판 반추적 반응 척도(Korean-Ruminative Response Scale, K-RRS)를 사용하여 부분 상관 분석을 실시하 였다. 모든 통계 분석은 Jamovi를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 한국판 PEPQ-R은 선행연구들과 같은 단일요인 구 조가 적합한 것으로 나타났으며, 상태불안을 측정하는 1번 문항을 제외하였을 때 더 양호한 모형 적합도를 보였다. 한국판 PEPQ-R은 SIAPS, PERS의 부정 반추와는 중간-큰 크기의 상관을 보였으며, PERS의 긍정 반 추와는 작은 상관 크기를 보이는 등 수렴 및 변별 타당도가 양호하였다. 또한 한국판 PEPQ-R은 PERS 부정 반추와 K-RRS를 통제한 후에도 사회불안 증상과 유의한 상관을 가지는 것으로 나타나 양호한 증분 타당도 를 보였으며, 내적합치도가 우수하였다. 본 척도는 사회불안에서의 사후처리 연구 및 임상 장면에서 유용 하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Analyses of morphological and molecular characteristics of Telotylenchinae from Iran point at the validity of the genera Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus (2022)

To investigate relationships within the subfamily Telotylenchinae, more than 500 soil samples were collected from various natural and agricultural habitats in several localities of Iran. Individuals of seven known species, including Bitylenchus dubius, B. parvus, B. serranus, Sauertylenchus maximus, Tylenchorhynchus clarus, T. microconus and Trophurus ussuriensis, were recovered and characterized based on morphological and morphometric characters. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships within representatives of the subfamily Telotylenchinae were explored using 13 sequences from the D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S ribosomal (r) DNA and 13 sequences for the partial 18S rDNA genes obtained in the present study. Analyses based on the relatively conserved 18S rDNA gene underlined the polyphyletic status of Tylenchorhynchus sensu lato, as three clusters representing Tylenchorhynchus, Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus were well separated, and interspersed by, e.g., representatives of the Macrotrophurinae. Analysis of the more variable D2-D3 28S rDNA sequences suggested at least four clades within the subfamily Telotylenchinae: two clades dominated by Tylenchorhynchus species; a third clade harbouring representatives of Sauertylenchus, Bitylenchus, and Paratrophurus in distinct but unresolved branches;and a fourth clade dominated by Trophurus species. Although no molecular information was available from a number of genera that were originally gathered under Tylenchorhynchus sensu lato, we concluded that both Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus should be seen as valid Telotylenchinae genera related to, but distinct from Tylenchorhynchus.
New Hybrid Route to Biomimetic Synthesis (2003)

Abstract : To develop economical low-temperature routes to biomimetic synthesis of high-performance composite materials, with control of composition and structure based on the molecular mechanisms controlling biomineralization of calcium- and silicon-based nanocomposites. HIGHLIGHTS: We report success in our originally proposed transition from analysis of biological systems to the development of useful applications across a broad range of materials. We discovered that the silicateins - proteins we originally discovered responsible for the structure-directing catalysis of polymerization to form silica and silsesquioxanes - also can be used for the structure-directing polymerization of titanium dioxide from the appropriate water-stable alkoxide precursor. This result dramatically extends our initial development of the new field we called Silicon Biotechnology to an even broader Functional Inorganic Materials Biotechnology.
Pumping out platelets (2007)

Platelets play a vital role in hemostasis.Until recently, there was no means to increase platelet production in order to treat or prevent bleeding.
Towards increasing the photon harvesting in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells.: Electrochemical, Radiational, and Thermal Energy Technology (2003)

Org. solar cells based on interpenetrating networks of conjugated polymer donors and fullerene-based acceptors with MA 1.5 efficiencies up to 3% were presented recently. For further improvement of the efficiency, the absorption of the solar light should be increased. This can be done by matching the active layer absorption better to the terrestrial solar emission spectrum and by increasing the absorption coeff. In this contribution the authors present a combined spectroscopic and device study of novel materials that extend the absorption to the red. The systems studied are, among others, low bandgap polymers as electron donors or dye sensitized fullerene compds. The photophys. properties are studied by excited state spectroscopy and the materials are discussed with regard to their suitability for efficient photoinduced charge generation. The photovoltaic activity is demonstrated by photocurrent action spectra as well as by AM 1.5 efficiencies of prototype devices made using these novel materials. [on SciFinder(R)]
Supplementary Data from Loss of Function of DOCK4 in Myelodysplastic Syndromes Stem Cells is Restored by Inhibitors of DOCK4 Signaling Networks (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental figure 5: A) Primary HSCs were treated with increasing doses of SHP-1 inhibitor, TPI-1 for 48 hours and viability was analyzed by staining with acridine orange-propidium iodide (AO-PI dye) using Nexcelom automated cell counter. Data are mean {plus minus}SEM from four biological replicates. Methylcellulose colony assays were setup using 1500 HSCs from healthy donors in the presence/absence of SHP-1 inhibitor, TPI-1 (4μM). After 14-16 days under differentiation conditions, B) Number of colonies formed were scored. Data are mean {plus minus}SEM from three biological replicates. C) Frequencies of colonies of different lineages were scored. Data are mean {plus minus}SEM from three biological replicates. D) ELISA was performed to determine beta hemoglobin expression. Data are represented as mean {plus minus}SEM from three technical replicates. E) Colony morphologies were analyzed after 14-16 days in methylcellulose (Scale bar, 100μM).&lt;/p&gt;
Theory of heat transfer by evanescent electromagnetic waves (1994)

We present a macroscopic, phenomenological theory for the heat flow between two material half-spaces of differing temperatures whose surfaces are separated by a gap of width l. Our calculation parallels Liftshitz's calculation of the van der Waals force between two dielectric slabs. For l sufficiently small, the heat flow is enhanced by a contribution from evanescent waves, and in the limit of a very small gap varies as ${\mathit{l}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}2}$.
Temperature-dependence and microscopic origin of low frequency 1/f noise in GaN/AlGaN high electron mobility transistors (2011)

We have performed low frequency 1/f noise measurements from 85 K to 450 K to investigate the energy distribution of defects in GaN/AlGaN high electron mobility transistors fabricated in three different processes. The noise is well described by the model of P. Dutta and P. M. Horn, Rev. Mod. Phys. 53, 497 (1981). A peak in the defect energy distribution is observed at ∼0.2 eV for all device types investigated, which we attribute to the reconfiguration of an oxygen DX-like center in AlGaN. An additional peak at an energy &amp;gt;1 eV is observed for devices grown under nitrogen-rich conditions, which we attribute to the reconfiguration energy of negatively charged nitrogen antisites.
Study on the Relation Between the Air Duty Cycle and the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes by Utilizing Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals (2013)

2013 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Study on the Relation Between the Air Duty Cycle and the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes by Utilizing Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals
Ligand Dependent Activation Of PPARs in C2C12 Myotubes (2011)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have emerged as potential targets for treating skeletal muscle insulin resistance. In skeletal muscle, PPAR can play an important role in lipid metabolism and cellular oxidative capacity. When ligand bound, PPAR activates genes involved in peroxisome- or -oxidation-mediated break down of fatty acids. However, to date, the endogenous ligands for PPAR in muscle remain unknown. Crystallization studies of PPAR have demonstrated that the ligand-binding domain binds saturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids or synthetic compounds like GW501516 (GW) to varying degrees. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of specific fatty acids to activate PPARα and PPAR in C2C12 myotubes. METHODS: Sub-confluent C2C12 myoblasts were co-transfected with an Acyl-CoA oxidase plasmid that contains four PPAR-response elements upstream of a luciferase promoter (p4xACO-luc; Addgene 16533) and Renilla luciferase (pRl-TK; Promega TB550). Following 5 days differentiation, myotubes were treated for 18h with 250μM of 7 different lipids conjugated with 2% BSA in low glucose DMEM media. GW compound was used as a positive control. Following treatment, cells were collected in passive lysis buffer and promoter activity assayed using the dual luciferase reporter system according to the manufacturer's instructions. Relative light units (RLU) are reported as means ± SEM. RESULTS: Following 18h treatment, ACO luciferase activity increased when treated with palmitoleic acid (PO) (5.140.44 RLU), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (5.510.53 RLU), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (5.940.40 RLU), and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (6.100.25 RLU) relative to the serum/antibiotic free DMEM media (SAF) treated cells (2.000.34 RLU) (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrates that PPAR activity can be increased by a subset of lipids, with the activation observed following treatment with GLA, EPA, and DHA being similar to the PPAR agonist GW501516. Continuation of this work will enable us to screen additional lipids, at varying doses and combinations, with the hope to eventually develop nutritional interventions aimed at improving skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and function in vivo.
Dynamics of Cellulose−Water Interfaces:  NMR Spin−Lattice Relaxation Times Calculated from Atomistic Computer Simulations (2008)

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13C NMR) spectroscopy has often been used to study cellulose structure, but some features of the cellulose NMR spectrum are not yet fully understood. One such feature is a doublet around 84 ppm, a signal that has been proposed to originate from C4 atoms at cellulose fibril surfaces. The two peaks yield different T1, differing by approximately a factor of 2 at 75 MHz. In this study, we calculate T1 from C4-H4 vector dynamics obtained from molecular dynamics computer simulations of cellulose I beta-water interfacial systems. Calculated and experimentally obtained T1 values for C4 atoms in surface chains fell within the same order of magnitude, 3-20 s. This means that the applied force field reproduces relevant surface dynamics for the cellulose-water interface sufficiently well. Furthermore, a difference in T1 of about a factor of 2 in the range of Larmor frequencies 25-150 MHz was found for C4 atoms in chains located on top of two different crystallographic planes, namely, (110) and (10). A previously proposed explanation that the C4 peak doublet could derive from surfaces parallel to different crystallographic planes is herewith strengthened by computationally obtained evidence. Another suggested basis for this difference is that the doublet originates from C4 atoms located in surface anhydro-glucose units with hydroxymethyl groups pointing either inward or outward. This was also tested within this study but was found to yield no difference in calculated T1.
In VivoClearance and Toxicity of Monodisperse Iron Oxide Nanocrystals (2012)

Thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors has been found to generate highly crystalline iron oxide (IO) nanocrystals that display superior MR contrast and lower polydispersity than IO nanocrystals synthesized by aqueous precipitation. In the present study, the in vivo characteristics of IO nanocrystals prepared by the thermal decomposition route and then coated with a phospholipid containing a pendant poly(ethylene glycol) chain are examined. The size and surface chemistry of the IO nanocrystal influence the biodistibution, the rate of biodegradation and bioclearance, and the biodegradation products. We conclude that the in vivo fate of PEGylated monodisperse IO nanocrystals and the iron, phospholipid, and oleic acid biodegradation products may influence the cellular environments in the organs and blood that can determine their safety in the body.
Efficient estimation of pathwise differentiable target parameters with the undersmoothed highly adaptive lasso (2022)

We consider estimation of a functional parameter of a realistically modeled data distribution based on observing independent and identically distributed observations. The highly adaptive lasso estimator of the functional parameter is defined as the minimizer of the empirical risk over a class of cadlag functions with finite sectional variation norm, where the functional parameter is parametrized in terms of such a class of functions. In this article we establish that this HAL estimator yields an asymptotically efficient estimator of any smooth feature of the functional parameter under a global undersmoothing condition. It is formally shown that the <i>L</i> <sub>1</sub>-restriction in HAL does not obstruct it from solving the score equations along paths that do not enforce this condition. Therefore, from an asymptotic point of view, the only reason for undersmoothing is that the true target function might not be complex so that the HAL-fit leaves out key basis functions that are needed to span the desired efficient influence curve of the smooth target parameter. Nonetheless, in practice undersmoothing appears to be beneficial and a simple targeted method is proposed and practically verified to perform well. We demonstrate our general result HAL-estimator of a treatment-specific mean and of the integrated square density. We also present simulations for these two examples confirming the theory.
Hypotensive effect of long-term oral calcium supplementation in elderly patients with essential hypertension. (1986)

Calcium gluconate (22.4 g/day; 2 g/day as Ca) was administered orally for 8 weeks to eight hospitalized elderly patients with essential hypertension in order to confirm the hypotensive effect of oral calcium supplementation and to clarify its hypotensive mechanism by analyzing changes in hormonal factors. After 2 weeks of calcium supplementation, both systolic and diastolic pressures decreased significantly and remained decreased for the duration of the study. An elevation of plasma PGE2 correlated with blood pressure reduction was observed at 2 weeks. Plasma norepinephrine decreased significantly from 4 weeks. Plasma parathyroid hormone decreased significantly from 4 weeks, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-[OH]2D) decreased significantly at 8 weeks. The reduction of plasma 1,25-(OH)2D correlated with blood pressure decrease at 8 weeks. The present study indicates that the mechanism of its hypotensive effect is multifactorial and may be different during different phases of calcium supplementation. The suppression of plasma 1,25-(OH)2D following reduction of parathyroid hormone may be involved in the hypotensive effect in the chronic phase of calcium supplementation. Enhancement of PGE2 production in the early phase and suppression of sympathetic nervous activity in the chronic phase may also be factors in blood pressure reduction.
Concept of the H(δ+)⋯ H(δ–) interaction. A low-temperature neutron diffraction study of cis-[IrH(OH)(PMe3)4]PF6 (1990)

The structure of the rare hydridohydroxy complex cis-[IrH(OH)(PMe3)4]PF6 has been analyzed at 20 K by single-crystal neutron diffraction. The results confirm the geometry derived from an earlier X-ray analysis. Perhaps the most significant result concerns the bending of the O–H group towards the hydride ligand, with a smaller-than-usual Ir–O–H angle of 104.4(7)°, suggestive of an attractive interaction between the electron-deficient H atom of the hydroxy group and the electronegative hydride ligand.
Real‐time MRI guided atrial septal puncture and balloon septostomy in swine (2006)

Cardiac perforation during atrial septal puncture (ASP) might be avoided by improved image guidance. X-ray fluoroscopy (XRF), which guides ASP, visualizes tissue poorly and does not convey depth information. Ultrasound is limited by device shadows and constrained imaging windows. Alternatively, real-time MRI (rtMRI) provides excellent tissue contrast in any orientation and may enable ASP and balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) in swine. Custom MRI catheters incorporated "active" (receiver antenna) and "passive" (iron or gadolinium) elements. Wholly rtMRI-guided transfemoral ASP and BAS were performed in 10 swine in a 1.5T interventional suite. Hemodynamic results were measured with catheters and velocity encoded MRI. Successful ASP was performed in all 10 animals. Necropsy confirmed septostomy confined within the fossa ovalis in all. BAS was successful in 9/10 animals. Antenna failure in a re-used needle led to inadvertent vena cava tear prior to BAS in 1 animal. ASP in the same animal was easily performed using a new needle. rtMRI illustrated clear device-tissue-lumen relationships in multiple orientations, and facilitated simple ASP and BAS. The mean procedure time was 19 +/- 10 minutes. Septostomy achieved a mean left to right shunt ratio of 1.3:1 in these healthy animals. Interactive rtMRI permits rapid transcatheter ASP and BAS in swine. Further technical development may enable novel applications.
Metabolomic Elucidation of the Effects of Curcumin on Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2015)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by synovial inflammation and joint disability. Curcumin is known to be effective in ameliorating joint inflammation in RA. To obtain new insights into the effect of curcumin on primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS, N = 3), which are key effector cells in RA, we employed gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS)-based metabolomics. Metabolomic profiling of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated and curcumin-treated FLS was performed using GC/TOF-MS in conjunction with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. A total of 119 metabolites were identified. Metabolomic analysis revealed that metabolite profiles were clearly distinct between TNF-α-stimulated vs. the control group (not stimulated by TNF-α or curcumin). Treatment of FLS with curcumin showed that the metabolic perturbation by TNF-α could be reversed to that of the control group to a considerable extent. Curcumin-treated FLS had higher restoration of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, as indicated by the prominent metabolic restoration of intermediates of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, compared with that observed in TNF-α-stimulated FLS. In particular, the abundance of glycine, citrulline, arachidonic acid, and saturated fatty acids in TNF-α-stimulated FLS was restored to the control level after treatment with curcumin, suggesting that the effect of curcumin on preventing joint inflammation may be elucidated with the levels of these metabolites. Our results suggest that GC/TOF-MS-based metabolomic investigation using FLS has the potential for discovering the mechanism of action of curcumin and new targets for therapeutic drugs in RA.
Bacteriorhodopsin isinvolved inhalobacterial photoreception (1993)

Thebacterio-opsin genewasintroduced into a blind Halobacterium salinarium mutant that (i) lacked all the fourretinal proteins (bacteriorhodopsin (BR), halorhodopsin, andsensory rhodopsins (SRs) IandII)andthetransducer protein forSRIand(it) showed neither attractant response to long wavelength light norrepellent response toshort wavelength light. Theresulting transformed cells acquired thecapability to sense light stimuli. Thecells accumulated ina light spot, demonstrating theBR-mediated orientation inspatial light gradients. Asinwild-type cells, adecrease intheintensity oflong wavelength light caused arepellent response byinducing rever- sals ofswimning direction, but, incontrast towild-type cells, a decrease intheintensity ofshort wavelength light also repelled thecells. Anincrease inlight intensity evoked anattractant response (i.e., atransient suppression ofspontaneous reversals). Signal processing times andadaptation kinetics weresimilar to theSRI-mediated reactions. However, compared toSR- mediated photoresponses, higher light intensities werenecessary toinduce theBR-mediated responses. Thelight sensitivity ofthe transformant wasincreased byadding 1mM cyanide and decreased bytheaddition ofarginine, agents thatrespectively reduce andincrease thelight-independent generation ofthe electrochemical potential difference ofH+ions(Ai4*+). A de- crease inirradiance toanintensity that wasstill high enough to saturate BR-initiated AIH+changes failed toinduce therepellent effect, buttheaddition ofaprotonophorous uncoupler sensitized thecell tothese light stimuli. TheBRD96Nmutant (Asp-96 is replaced byAsn)withdecreased proton pumpactivity showed strongly reduced BR-mediated responses. Azide, whichin- creases this mutant's H+pumpefficiency, increased thephoto- sensitivity ofthemutant cells. Moreover, azide diminished (i) the membrane potential decreasing and(fi) repellent effects ofblue light addedtotheorange background illumination inthis mutant. We conclude thattheBR-mediated photoreception is duetothelight-dependent generation ofAFLH+. Ourdataare consistent withtheassumption thattheH.salnarium cell monitors themembrane energization level withaprotometer system measuring total AIH+changes oritselectric potential difference component.
Immune-inflammation gene signatures in endometriosis patients (2020)

To determine if the molecular profiles of endometriotic lesions contain informative measures of inflammation and immune dysfunction that may contribute to better understanding of the interplay between immune dysfunction and inflammation and their contribution to endometriosis pathogenesis.
Optoelectronic VLSI switching chip with greaterthan 1 Tbit/s potential optical I/O bandwidth (1997)

The authors describe an optoelectronic switching chip with 1024 differential optical inputs and 1024 differential optical outputs with individual channels tested above 600 Mbit/s. The technology for the chip consists of 850 nm GaAs/AlGaAs multiquantum well (MQW) detectors and modulators, flip-chip bonded onto silicon CMOS with substrate removal to allow access to the optical devices.