gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Large-Scale Sensor Networks Using GTSNetS (2005)

We present a sensor network simulation environment that allows users to evaluate the effects of different architectural choices and strategies on the lifetime and performance of a sensor network. Our tool can also be used to evaluate new approaches (routing protocols, cooperation algorithms), and compare them with the ones already in place. This simulator is an extension of the Georgia Tech Network Simulator (GTNetS) and leverages its design choices for maximum performance. It incorporates models for the different functional units composing a sensor node and characterizes the energy consumption of each. It also has a model for a network base station and its interactions with the rest of the network. We report our results from a set of tests that demonstrate some of the capabilities of our simulator. In particular, we were able to simulate sensor networks of several hundred thousand nodes while using less than 2 GB of memory, which exceeds the capabilities of existing simulators by an order of magnitude. The simulator is also used to study the performance of an algorithm that assigns globally unique IDs to nodes in a sensor network.
Reduction of olefins using sodium-hexamethylphosphoramide-tert-butyl alcohol (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of olefins using sodium-hexamethylphosphoramide-tert-butyl alcoholGeorge M. Whitesides and William J. EhmannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 10, 3565–3567Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00835a087https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00835a087research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views494Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Market user interface design (2012)

Despite the pervasiveness of markets in our lives, little is known about the role of user interfaces (UIs) in promoting good decisions in market domains. How does the way we display market information to end users, and the set of choices we offer, influence users' decisions? In this paper, we introduce a new research agenda on "market user interface design." Our goal is to find the optimal market UI, taking into account that users incur cognitive costs and are boundedly rational. Via lab experiments we systematically explore the market UI design space, and we study the automatic optimization of market UIs given a behavioral (quantal response) model of user behavior. Surprisingly, we find that the behaviorally-optimized UI performs worse than the standard UI, suggesting that the quantal response model did not predict user behavior well. Subsequently, we identify important behavioral factors that are missing from the user model, including loss aversion and position effects, which motivates follow-up studies. Furthermore, we find significant differences between individual users in terms of rationality. This suggests future research on personalized UI designs, with interfaces that are tailored towards each individual user's needs, capabilities, and preferences.
Galactic star formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Filament convergence and its link to star formation (2022)

In the past decade filaments have been recognised as a major structural element of the interstellar medium, the densest of these filaments hosting the formation of most stars. In some star-forming molecular clouds converging networks of filaments, also known as hub filament systems, can be found. These hubs are believed to be preferentially associated to massive star formation. As of today, there are no metrics that allow the systematic quantification of a filament network convergence. Here, we used the IRAM 30m NIKA2 observations of the Galactic plane from the GASTON large programme to systematically identify filaments and produce a filament convergence parameter map. We use such a map to show that: i. hub filaments represent a small fraction of the global filament population; ii. hubs host, in proportion, more massive and more luminous compact sources that non-hubs; iii. hub-hosting clumps are more evolved that non-hubs; iv. no discontinuities are observed in the properties of compact sources as a function of convergence parameter. We propose that the rapid global collapse of clumps is responsible for (re)organising filament networks into hubs and, in parallel, enhancing the mass growth of compact sources.
Coupling and Reactions of 5-Hydroxyconiferyl Alcohol in Lignin Formation (2016)

The catechol alcohols, caffeyl and 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, may be incorporated into lignin either naturally or through genetic manipulation. Due to the presence of o-OH groups, these compounds form benzodioxanes, a departure from the interunit connections found in lignins derived from the cinnamyl alcohols. In nature, lignins composed of caffeyl and 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol are linear homopolymers and, as such, may have properties that make them amenable for use in value-added products, such as lignin-based carbon fibers. In the current work, results from density functional theory calculations for the reactions of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, taking stereochemistry into account, are reported. Dehydrogenation and quinone methide formation are found to be thermodynamically favored for 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, over coniferyl alcohol. The comparative energetics of the rearomatization reactions suggest that the formation of the benzodioxane linkage is under kinetic control. Ring-opening reactions of the benzodioxane groups show that the bond dissociation enthalpy of the α-O cleavage reaction is lower than that of the β-O reaction. The catechol lignins represent a novel form of the polymer that may offer new opportunities for bioproducts and genetic targets.
Wire packing: a strong formulation of crosswalk-aware chip-level track/layer assignment with an efficient integer programming solution (2001)

By focusing on chip-wide slices of the global routing grid, making a few mild geometric assumptions about layer use, and suitably abstracting pin details, we derive an extremely efficient integer linear programming (ILP) formulation for track/layer assignment. The key technical insight is to model all constraints - both geometric and crosstalk - as cliques in an appropriate conflict graph; these cliques can be extracted quickly from the interval structures of wires in a slice. We develop a strong linear relaxation of this problem that almost always yields the integral optimum; this solution gives us directly the maximum number of wires that can pack legally without crosstalk risk. Experiments on synthetic netlists that match statistics of wire layouts from industrial 0.25um designs demonstrate that we can pack 100 - 1000 wires optimally, or with at worst a very few overflows, in seconds.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Single-Institution Experience with Matrix Coils in the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Comparison with Same-Center Outcomes with the Use of Platinum Coils (2007)

RESULTS: There were similar baseline demographic characteristics between the 2 study groups except in age, anatomic location, and length of follow-up. The overall recurrence rate of aneurysms was 41% among the Matrix-treated group and 32% among the patients treated with bare platinum. Among the 42 patients treated with 100% Matrix, the rate of recurrence was 31%. Of the recurrences, 21% of the Matrix group, 19% of the 100% Matrix group, and 9% of the bare platinum group required retreatment. The overall rate of complications was 10% in the Matrix-treated group and 7% in the bare platinum group. There was not a statistically significant difference in the rate of recurrence of aneurysms or complications between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our single-center experience, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of Matrix coils over bare platinum coils, given their disadvantages.
Octimibate, a potent non‐prostanoid inhibitor of platelet aggregation, acts via the prostacyclin receptor (1991)

1. Octimibate, 8-[(1,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)oxy]octanoic acid, is reported to have antithrombotic properties. This is in addition to its antihyperlipidaemic effects which are due to inhibition of acylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the antithrombotic effect of octimibate, and to determine whether the effects of octimibate are mediated through prostacyclin receptors. 2. In suspensions of washed (plasma-free) human platelets, octimibate is a potent inhibitor of aggregation; its IC50 is approx. 10 nM for inhibition of aggregation stimulated by several different agonists, including U46619 and ADP. The inhibitory effects of octimibate on aggregation are not competitive with the stimulatory agonist; the maximal response is suppressed but there is no obvious shift in potency of the agonist. In platelet-rich plasma, octimibate inhibits agonist-stimulated aggregation with an IC50 of approx. 200 nM. 3. Octimibate also inhibits agonist-stimulated rises in the cytosolic free calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, in platelets. Both Ca2+ influx and release from intracellular stores are inhibited. The effects of octimibate on aggregation and [Ca2+]i are typical of agents that act via elevation of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Similar effects are seen with forskolin, prostacyclin (PGl2) and iloprost (a stable PGl2 mimetic). 4. Octimibate increases cyclic AMP concentrations in platelets and increases the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity ratio. Octimibate stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity in human platelet membranes, with an EC50 of 200 nM. The maximal achievable activation of adenylyl cyclase by octimibate is 60% of that obtainable with iloprost. Octimibate has no effect on the cyclic GMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (phosphodiesterase-ITI), which is the major cyclic AMP-degrading enzyme in human platelets.5. Octimibate inhibits, apparently competitively, the binding of [3H]-iloprost (a stable PGl2 mimetic) to platelet membranes; the estimated Ki is 150 nm. 6. The platelets of different species show considerable differences in the apparent potency of their inhibition of aggregation by octimibate; platelets from cynomolgus monkeys are 3 fold more sensitive than those from humans, while rat, cat and cow platelets are 50, 100, and 250 fold less sensitive than human platelets. The sensitivity of these different species to iloprost, however, varies over a range of only 10 fold with no obvious difference between primates and non-primates. 7. Octimibate appears to be a potent agonist (aggregation), or partial agonist (adenylyl cyclase), at prostacyclin receptors and is the first non-prostanoid agent of this type to be identified. The species differences in relative potency of octimibate and iloprost may reflect the existence of receptor subtypes.
Laser-induced pinpoint hydrogen evolution from benzene and water using metal free single-walled carbon nanotubes with high quantum yields (2014)

Metal-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution occurred efficiently in benzene containing single-walled carbon nanotubes under laser irradiation at 532 nm with an extremely high turnover number of 2 000 000 and a high quantum yield of 130%. The rate of hydrogen evolution increased with increasing laser intensity to exhibit a fourth power dependence, suggesting that hydrogen was evolved <i>via</i> four-photon processes in which the coupling of two radical anions derived from benzene is the rate-determining step and the benzene radical anion is produced by electron transfer from benzene to the doubly excited state of single-walled carbon nanotubes, which requires two photons. Polymerisation of benzene was induced by the photogenerated C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>˙<sup>-</sup>, accompanied by hydrogen evolution, resulting in a leverage effect to increase the quantum yield of hydrogen evolution to well over the 25% expected for the four-photon process. Laser-induced hydrogen evolution also occurred in water containing single-walled carbon nanotubes. In contrast to the case of benzene, water was not oxidized but hydrogen evolution from water was accompanied by the multi-oxidation of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The yield of hydrogen based on one mole of single-walled carbon nanotubes with 1.4 nm diameter and 1-5 mm length was determined to be 2 700 000%, when oxidations of single-walled carbon nanotubes occurred to produce the polyhydroxylated product.
Study of the Dynamics of Local Particle Removal Efficiencies Using Localized Haze Maps (2007)

The local particle removal efficiency (PRE) of nano particles in megasonic cleaning experiments is studied. This approach makes it possible to quantify non uniform cleaning effects over the wafer and to look into the dynamics of particle removal at different areas on the wafer. A direct correlation between PRE and megasonic induced damage of device structures demonstrates that a considerable amount of damage is already formed at less efficiently cleaned areas of the wafer.
Silver clusters in rare gas matrixes. Thermal and photochemical silver atom aggregation reactions (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilver clusters in rare gas matrixes. Thermal and photochemical silver atom aggregation reactionsSteven A. Mitchell and Geoffrey A. OzinCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 7, 1425–1436Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150651a039https://doi.org/10.1021/j150651a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Carbon‐Free TiO2 Battery Electrodes Enabled by Morphological Control at the Nanoscale (2013)

The use of battery electrode architectures free of support components would enable gains in device energy density. The electrochemical behavior of carbon-free electrodes with different anatase TiO2 particles is investigated. The performance is found to depend on both crystal size and morphology. Electrodes with 3 × 20 nm rods showed exceptional durability and rate capability, even when compared to electrodes with carbon additives As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Simplified Model-Based State-of-Charge Estimation Approach for Lithium-Ion Battery With Dynamic Linear Model (2018)

The performance of model-based state-of-charge (SOC) estimation method relies on an accurate battery model. Nonlinear models are thus proposed to accurately describe the external characteristics of the lithium-ion battery. The nonlinear estimation algorithms and online parameter identification methods are needed to guarantee the accuracy of the model-based SOC estimation with nonlinear battery models. A new approach forming a dynamic linear battery model is proposed in this paper, which enables the application of the linear Kalman filter for SOC estimation and also avoids the usage of online parameter identification methods. With a moving window technology, partial least squares regression is able to establish a series of piecewise linear battery models automatically. One element state-space equation is then obtained to estimate the SOC from the linear Kalman filter. The experiments on a LiFePO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> battery prove the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the extended Kalman filter with two resistance and capacitance equivalent circuit model and the adaptive unscented Kalman filter with least squares support vector machines.
Saturation of Cubic Optical Nonlinearity in Long-Chain Polyene Oligomers (1994)

The scaling of the cubic nonlinearity gamma with chain length in polyenic molecules has received considerable theoretical attention. Earlier experimental investigations have been restricted to oligomers with fewer than 20 double bonds because of problems associated with the synthesis and solubility of conjugated molecules. These synthetic difficulties have been overcome in the present study by the use of modern living polymerization techniques. Solution measurements of gamma as a function of chain length in long-chain (up to 240 double bonds) model polyene oligomers are reported. A saturation of the increase of gamma with chain length is observed, and the onset of this saturation occurs for chain lengths considerably longer than predicted from theory.
Examination of the interlayer strength of smectic liquid crystals through the study of partially fluorinated and branched fluorinated end-groups (2006)

Through the incorporation of partially fluorinated and branched fluorinated end-groups of ferroelectric liquid crystals we aimed to examine the effects on physico-chemical structures and properties, and electrical switching behaviour for a family of compounds based upon the MHPOBC motif. We show that the nature of the terminal group strongly affects the liquid crystal behaviour and the thresholds associated with electro-optic switching. In this article we present the synthesis, transition temperatures, electro-optical measurements and X-ray diffraction studies for a series of compounds.
Prix fibre de l’Innovation. Une nouvelle sonde locale pour la microscopie à force atomique en milieu biologique (2012)

Les techniques d’analyse basées sur la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) pour les mesures de forces locales en milieu physiologique ouvrent de nouvelles opportunités de caractérisation pour la nano-médecine et le diagnostic personnalisé. Les nano-capteurs de force détectant des interactions moléculaires spécifiques ligandprotéine peuvent être utilisés pour l’ingénierie pharmaceutique ou la détection de bio-marqueurs. Ces mesures de force spécifiques permettent de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de déstabilisation des protéines dans certaines pathologies, et par quels mécanismes certaines molécules se lient entre elles et modulent les récepteurs transmembranaires des cellules. En parallèle, la cartographie AFM a déjà démontré sa capacité d’imagerie de haute résolution de structures périodiques de protéines, ou de protéines isolées, sans aucun équivalent instrumental. Aujourd’hui, les nano-capteurs à détection intégrée augurent d’une nouvelle génération de microscopes à force atomique repoussant les limites actuelles.
High throughput technologies in structural biology (2005)

molecular sieves, as shape-selective catalysts, as dessicants, as ionexchangers, and as hosts in advanced materials. A zeolite's suitability for a specific application is highly dependent upon its structure, so structure analysis is an intrinsic part of zeolite science. However, because most zeolites can only be prepared in polycrystalline form, standard methods of structure analysis cannot be applied.
A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclic Carbonate Monomers Using a Versatile Pentafluorophenyl Ester Intermediate (2010)

An improved two-step synthetic route to functionalized cyclic carbonate monomers that features a novel cyclic carbonate intermediate with an active pentafluorophenyl ester group (MTC-OPhF(5)) has been developed. The versatile pentafluorophenyl ester intermediate can be synthesized on the gram to kilogram scale in one high-yielding step and is easy to store and handle on the benchtop. The active pentafluorophenyl ester of MTC-OPhF(5) is amenable to further substitution with suitable nucleophiles such as alcohols and amines to generate functionalized cyclic carbonates in high yields. The substitution reaction is tolerant of a wide variety of functionalities, including various hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, reactive functionalities (via thiol-ene click chemistry or alkyl halides), and protected acids, alcohols, thiols, and amines. In view of the ever-increasing need for biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, this new methodology provides a simple and versatile platform for the synthesis of new and innovative materials.
Effects of a Technology-Supported Decision, Reflection, and Interaction Approach on Nursing Students’ Learning Achievement and Self-Efficacy in Professional Training: A Pilot Study (2023)

In professional training, it is important to provide students with opportunities to make judgments on practical cases. However, most training courses are conducted in a one-to-many teaching mode, and it is not easy to consider the needs of individual students. In this study, a technology-supported Decision, Reflection, and Interaction (DRI)-based professional training approach is proposed to cope with this problem for those courses aiming at fostering students' competence in making correct judgments when facing real cases. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, an experiment was conducted. Two classes of 38 students from a nursing school were the participants. One class was an experimental group using the DRI-based professional training approach, and the other class was the control group using the conventional technology-assisted training approach. The experimental results showed that applying the proposed approach significantly improved the students' learning achievement and self-efficacy more than the conventional technology-assisted approach. In addition, based on the interview results, the students generally believed that learning through the DRI-based professional training approach benefited them from several perspectives, including "increasing the value of activities", "enhancing the planning and expensive capacity of conspicuous approaches", "promoting decision-making", "improving learning reflection", and "providing students with personalized interaction".