gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-regulator dual-decoding-trimmer DRAM voltage limiter for burn-in test (1991)

The authors present a dynamic RAM (DRAM) voltage limiter with a burn-in test mode. It features a dual-regulator dual-trimmer scheme that provides a precise stress voltage in a burn-in test while maintaining a constant limited voltage under normal operation. A regulator is used to preserve a constant difference between the internal burn-in voltage and the supply voltage. Two sets of trimmers reduce the voltage deviations of both the burn-in and normal-operation voltages within +or-0.13 V. The circuits are implemented in a 16-Mb CMOS DRAM. A burn-in voltage regulated to +or-50 mV at an ambient temperature up to 120 degrees C is obtained simply by elevating the supply voltage to 8 V as in conventional burn-in procedures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Crystal Structures of a Series of Novel Alkylammonium Phosphates and Their Formation in Aluminophosphate Synthesis Mixtures (1998)

The crystal structures of several novel alkylammonium phosphate salts were determined by single-crystal X-ray methods: cyclopentylammonium monohydrogen phosphate (CMP) ([C(5)H(9)NH(3)(+)](2)[HPO(4)(2)(-)], monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, Z = 4, a = 14.197(3) Å, b = 5.992(1) Å, c = 16.580(3) Å, beta = 98.57(2) degrees ); octylammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ODP) ([CH(3)(CH(2))(7)NH(3)(+)][H(2)PO(4)(-)], monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, Z = 4, a = 4.554(1) Å, b = 34.652(3) Å, c = 7.328(1) Å, beta = 90.66(1) degrees ); and decylammonium dihydrogen phosphate (DDP) ([CH(3)(CH(2))(9)NH(3)(+)][H(2)PO(4)(-)], monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, Z = 4, a = 7.358(2) Å, b = 39.749(12) Å, c = 9.131(4) Å, beta = 90.45(2) degrees ). Each are composed of anionic layers of hydrogen-bonded phosphate molecules, separated by charge-balancing alkylammonium cations. The long-chain alkylammoniums in ODP and DDP are interdigitated, while the cyclopentylammoniums in CMP define a bilayer-like arrangement. Large crystals were grown by recrystallization, but the materials were also observed to form in the corresponding solvothermal aluminophosphate synthesis mixtures. We have isolated phosphate salt compounds in aluminophosphate synthesis mixtures containing a variety of different alkylamines and suggest they are initially present in such experiments whenever the alkylamine is primary or secondary.
Mechanism of the formation of stable microspheres by precipitation copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene (2004)

Abstract Fully crosslinked, stable poly(styrene‐ co ‐divinylbenzene) microspheres were prepared by precipitation polymerization, and a new mechanism is proposed, based on the morphology, circularity, and specific surface area. Once the stable particles were generated by aggregation of the primary nucleus particles, they grew in size by absorbing oligomeric species without generating substantial pores. The investigation was carried out characterizing the particles in the polymerization time and in various concentrations of the polymerization ingredients. Particle size continuously grew, but the uniformity and circularity of the microspheres were reduced with polymerization time because of the higher reactivity of divinylbenzene. The measured specific surface areas of the microspheres all were less than 10 m 2 /g, which showed good agreement with calculated values under an assumption of no pores on the surface of the microspheres. Thus, the specific surface area of the microspheres supported the proposed mechanism. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3967–3974, 2004
Indoor VLC System With Multiple LEDs of Different Path Lengths Employing Space–Time Block-Coded DMT/CAP Modulation [Invited] (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate a practical visible light communication (VLC) system of 3.2-m transmission using spectrally efficient discrete multitone (DMT) or carrierless amplitude phase (CAP) modulation. The transmitters consist of two light emitting diodes (LEDs) spaced 2&#xA0;m apart, the arrangement of which corresponds to a common case for full-range illumination in indoor environments, and this work also investigates the influence of the difference in transmission path lengths from the LEDs to a single receiver. In the overlapped illumination area, the delay interference between the LEDs could result in up to about 40% capacity reduction using quaternary CAP or bit-loaded DMT signals, when two LEDs simply transmit the same signal. To mitigate the impact of the delay interference, Alamouti space&#x2013;time block coding (STBC) is employed for both DMT and CAP signals, and the combination of CAP and STBC is proposed for the first time to the authors&#x2019; best knowledge. Employing STBC, we successfully demonstrate interference-tolerant VLC over 3.2-m air transmission, and the maximum data rates for DMT and CAP signals are 220 and 150&#xA0;Mbps, respectively.
Blind summarization: content-adaptive video summarization using time-series analysis (2006)

Severe complexity constraints on consumer electronic devices motivate us to investigate general-purpose video summarization techniques that are able to apply a common hardware setup to multiple content genres. On the other hand, we know that high quality summaries can only be produced with domain-specific processing. In this paper, we present a time-series analysis based video summarization technique that provides a general core to which we are able to add small content-specific extensions for each genre. The proposed time-series analysis technique consists of unsupervised clustering of samples taken through sliding windows from the time series of features obtained from the content. We classify content into two broad categories, scripted content such as news and drama, and unscripted content such as sports and surveillance. The summarization problem then reduces to finding either finding semantic boundaries of the scripted content or detecting highlights in the unscripted content. The proposed technique is essentially an event detection technique and is thus best suited to unscripted content, however, we also find applications to scripted content. We thoroughly examine the trade-off between content-neutral and content-specific processing for effective summarization for a number of genres, and find that our core technique enables us to minimize the complexity of the content-specific processing and to postpone it to the final stage. We achieve the best results with unscripted content such as sports and surveillance video in terms of quality of summaries and minimizing content-specific processing. For other genres such as drama, we find that more content-specific processing is required. We also find that judicious choice of key audio-visual object detectors enables us to minimize the complexity of the content-specific processing while maintaining its applicability to a broad range of genres. We will present a demonstration of our proposed technique at the conference.
Expression of Diabetes-Associated Genes by Dendritic Cells and CD4 T Cells Drives the Loss of Tolerance in Nonobese Diabetic Mice (2009)

In humans and NOD mice, defects in immune tolerance result in the spontaneous development of type-1-diabetes. Recent studies have ascribed a breakdown in tolerance to dysfunction in regulatory T cells that is secondary to reduced IL-2 production by T cells having the NOD diabetes susceptibility region insulin-dependent diabetes 3 (Idd3). In this study, we demonstrate a peripheral tolerance defect in the dendritic cells of NOD mice that is independent of regulatory T cells. NOD CD8 T cells specific for islet Ags fail to undergo deletion in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Deletion was promoted by expression of the protective alleles of both Idd3 (Il2) and Idd5 in dendritic cells. We further identify a second tolerance defect that involves endogenous CD4 T cell expression of the disease-promoting NOD alleles of these genetic regions. Pervasive insulitis can be reduced by expression of the Idd3 and Idd5 protective alleles by either the Ag-presenting cell or lymphocytes.
Plasmonic Nanoantenna for On-chip Optical Phased Arrays. (2012)

Abstract not provided.
Transferring the Incremental Capacity Analysis to Lithium-Sulfur Batteries (2017)

In order to investigate the battery degradation and to estimate their health, various techniques can be applied. One of them, which is widely used for Lithium-ion batteries, is the incremental capacity analysis (ICA). In this work, we apply the ICA to Lithium-Sulfur batteries, which differ in many aspects from Lithium-ion batteries and possess unique behavior. One of the challenges of applying the ICA to Lithium-Sulfur batteries is the representation of the IC curves, as their voltage profiles are often non-monotonic, resulting in more complex IC curves. The ICA is at first applied to charge and discharge processes at various temperature levels and afterward the technique is applied to a cell undergoing cycling degradation. It is shown that the ageing processes are trackable from the IC curves and it opens a possibility for their utilization for state-of-health estimation.
Augmented Reality in der Chirurgie der Ohrspeicheldrüse mittels HoloLensR (2020)

Einleitung Augmented Reality ist ein innovatives Verfahren zur Verbesserung von Planung und Durchführung komplexer chirurgischer Eingriffe. Am Kopf tragbare Systeme (Head-mounted devices = HMD) wie die HoloLens von Microsoft sind dafür besonders geeignet. Die HoloLens wird durch Gesten gesteuert. Das ermöglicht eine kontaktlose sterile Handhabung. Im Vergleich zu anderen chirurgischen Disziplinen hat dieses Verfahren seinen Weg noch nicht in die Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie gefunden. Ziel dieser Pilotstudie war es die Anwendbarkeit dieser HMD in der Parotischirurgie zu evaluieren. Material und Methoden: Aus MRT-DICOM-Daten wurden 2D- und 3D-Hologramme rekonstruiert und über die HoloLens sichtbar gemacht. Das 3D-Hologramm wurde mit dem chirurgischen Parotistumorsitus manuel übereinander gelegt. Alle notwendigen Gesten wurden in steriler Umgebung in unmittelbarer Nähe zum OP-Feld getestet.
Characterisation of the Candida albicans Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase Ppt2 as a Potential Antifungal Drug Target (2015)

Antifungal drugs acting via new mechanisms of action are urgently needed to combat the increasing numbers of severe fungal infections caused by pathogens such as Candida albicans. The phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Aspergillus fumigatus, encoded by the essential gene pptB, has previously been identified as a potential antifungal target. This study investigated the function of its orthologue in C. albicans, PPT2/C1_09480W by placing one allele under the control of the regulatable MET3 promoter, and deleting the remaining allele. The phenotypes of this conditional null mutant showed that, as in A. fumigatus, the gene PPT2 is essential for growth in C. albicans, thus fulfilling one aspect of an efficient antifungal target. The catalytic activity of Ppt2 as a phosphopantetheinyl transferase and the acyl carrier protein Acp1 as a substrate were demonstrated in a fluorescence transfer assay, using recombinant Ppt2 and Acp1 produced and purified from E.coli. A fluorescence polarisation assay amenable to high-throughput screening was also developed. Therefore we have identified Ppt2 as a broad-spectrum novel antifungal target and developed tools to identify inhibitors as potentially new antifungal compounds.
Effect of Rigid Inclusions on the Sintering of Glass Powder Compacts (1987)

The effect of rigid inclusions on the sintering of glass powder compacts has been investigated at 600°C. The densification rates show good agreement with the rule of mixtures for inclusion volume fractions of °0.1 The transient stresses generated during sintering by the presence of the inclusions were evaluated from the sintering data. Below inclusion volume fractions of °0.12, the results are in excellent agreement with Scherer's theory for viscous sintering with rigid inclusions. At higher inclusion volume fractions, interactions between the inclusion particles lead to large deviations from theoretical predictions.
Ultrathin light absorbers based on plasmonic nanocomposites (2013)

Tuning 2D arrays of metal nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition accomplishes record absorption coefficients for visible light and promises substantial thickness reductions of solar cell absorber layers.
Induction of cancer-specific cytotoxicity towards human prostate and skin cells using quercetin and ultrasound (2005)

Bioflavonoids, such as quercetin, have recently emerged as a new class of chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of various cancer types, but are marred by their low potency and poor selectivity. We report that a short application of low-frequency ultrasound selectively sensitises prostate and skin cancer cells against quercetin. Pretreatment of cells with ultrasound (20 kHz, 2 W cm(-2), 60 s) selectively induced cytotoxicity in skin and prostate cancer cells, while having minimal effect on corresponding normal cell lines. About 90% of the viable skin cancer cell population was lost within 48 h after ultrasound-quercetin (50 microM) treatment. Ultrasound reduced the LC50 of quercetin for skin cancer cells by almost 80-fold, while showing no effect on LC50 for nonmalignant skin cells.
Optimization of BiCMOS fully differential OTA's gain-bandwidth and comparison with CMOS technology (2002)

A design method has been developed to evaluate CMOS and BiCMOS fully differential OTA's performance independently of the application. It is also possible to optimize current distribution to improve the gain-bandwidth product. Simulation results put forward some advantages of BiCMOS technologies and confirm the usefulness of the optimization proposed.
Yellow‐green emitters based on beryllium‐chalcogenides on InP substrates (2004)

II–VI compound materials containing beryllium-chalcogenides such as BeZnTe, ZnCdSe/BeZnTe, and MgSe/BeZnTe superlattices grown on InP substrates have been investigated for yellow-green emitters employing molecular beam epitaxy. Photoluminescence peaks of ZnCdSe/BeZnTe superlattices were widely controlled from 740 to 507 nm by changing the layer thickness combination. Applying ZnCdSe/BeZnTe and MgSe/BeZnTe superlattices, visible light emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated emitting at the wavelengths from 554 (yellow-green) to 644 nm (red) at room temperature. For yellow (575nm) LEDs, a long lifetime more than 3500 hours was demonstrated. Laser diodes consisting of a ZnCdSe active, a MgSe/ZnCdSe superlattice n-cladding, and a MgSe/BeZnTe superlattice p-cladding layers successfully operated with yellow-green lasing emissions around 560 nm at 77 K. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Molecular therapy for vascular disease using an oligonucleotide-based strategy (2007)

分子生物学の進歩に伴い血管疾患の病態解明が進み病変進行に関与する遺伝子・細胞内シグナルなどをターゲットにした分子治療も考案されてきた．そのなかで核酸医薬を使った治療法の開発も行われ，多くの遺伝子制御法が研究されている．核酸医薬は目的とするDNA・mRNAの相補的な塩基配列をもつ人工的に化学合成された核酸分子で高い特異性と容易な合成法が特徴である．動物実験で有用性が報告された主なものはアンチセンスとデコイで，臨床試験に進んでいる研究もあり次世代の治療薬として期待されている．対象疾患のひとつに血行再建後の内膜肥厚による再狭窄がある．アンチセンス法では細胞周期調節遺伝子をブロックして平滑筋細胞の増殖を抑制する方法がとられ，デコイ法では多くの細胞周期遺伝子群を制御している転写因子E2Fの活性を抑制する治療法が検討された．また病変進行に重要な因子である炎症を制御する転写因子NFκBに対するデコイも良好な内膜肥厚抑制効果を報告している．しかしE2Fデコイの臨床試験では有意な治療効果が見られず，さらに複数の現象を制御するためNFκBとE2Fを同時に抑制するキメラデコイの開発が行われている．また小径の動脈瘤もデコイ療法のターゲットとなっている．動脈瘤の進展には血管壁の炎症とMMPの発現による細胞外マトリックスの破壊が重要な機序になっている．これに関与する転写因子がNFκBとetsであり，これをデコイで同時に抑制することで動脈瘤の縮小効果が見られ，MMP分泌・炎症の抑制による細胞外マトリックスの破壊停止に加え，エラスチン・コラーゲンの合成抑制を解除し細胞外マトリックスを再生する効果が確認された．このように核酸医薬は血管疾患においても新規治療法となる可能性が示されている．
Online Monitoring Leads to Improve the Reliability and Sustainability of Power Grids (2019)

The paper aims to address the concept of virtualized grid automation. This approach will be developed within a project by combining the application of data visualization techniques, sensor analysis tools, advanced energy measurement and ICT technologies to ensure the visibility and control of electricity grids. The development of advanced distributed processing solutions will solve time-critical issues.CEZ Romania wants to monitor online the distribution system for optimization of the grid operation at medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV). CEZ wants to have data from networks in real-timeand to be able to remotely optimize the operations. A set of advanced sensors will be deployed in the networks, connected using available communications networks to the service server located at the DSO premises. Appropriate control room displays will be connected to the services to display the results of the data analysis.We decided to start with an area with a high density of consumers, especially connected to LV networks.By providing tools for monitoring, analysis, prediction, planning, control and automation, the distribution operator is supported to accelerate the transformation of today's power networks into smart grids.The final goal is the improvement of the networks performance in order to become more flexible and resilient.
Conjugated Polymer Hydrogel Photocatalysts with Expandable Photoactive Sites in Water (2019)

Water compatibility of heterogeneous photocatalytic materials is recently realized by utilizing hydrogels as a support; however, the embedment of photocatalysts in the hydrogels may hinder the photocatalytic activity and the regeneration of materials. Therefore, combining hydrophilicity and high accessibility to the active sites of heterogeneous photocatalysts is highly challenging. Herein, we report the design of a conjugated polymer hydrogel photocatalyst via complexation between a photoactive conjugated polymer with cationic side chains and a poly(acrylic acid) as polyanion. In water, the conjugated polymer hydrogel photocatalyst exhibited an enormous volumetric increase by swelling, which creates more accessible photoactive sites through the simultaneous expansion of the conjugated polymer chain. A simple solvent switch allows the reversible swelling of the hydrogel photocatalyst for recycling. The significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of the hydrogel photocatalyst was demonstrated by the photodegradation of organic dyes and the formation of the enzyme cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide via photo-oxidation in water. Furthermore, the translucent and voluminous hydrogel photocatalyst was suitable to pack a large-scale flow column photoreactor for the rapid photocatalytic reactions.
Synthesis and Characterization of Transparent PDMS−Metal-Oxo Based Organic−Inorganic Nanocomposites (2003)

Poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)−metal-oxo nanocomposites have been prepared as transparent monoliths from dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES) and metal alkoxides, M(OR)n, where M = Al(III), Ge(IV), Sn(IV), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Nb(V), and Ta(V). An accurate structural analysis of these hybrid materials has been performed by FTIR, Raman, and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, and 29Si) spectroscopies, SAXS, and DSC measurements. These techniques show that all the hybrid systems present a structure based on amorphous metal-oxo nanodomains embedded within the siloxane network. However, a strong influence of the cross-linking metal nature on the size of the metal-oxo nanoparticles and on the extent of the interface between inorganic domains and the siloxane component has been found. Spectroscopic measurements reveal a more important nanophase separation for the PDMS systems incorporating Al(III), Ti(IV), or Zr(IV) species as cross-linking agent than for the ones cross-linked with Nb(V), Ta(V), or Ge(IV) (in which 45% of the silicon atoms are spatially near a metal species).
Histone demethylase JMJD1A promotes alternative splicing of AR variant 7 (AR-V7) in prostate cancer cells (2018)

Formation of the androgen receptor splicing variant 7 (AR-V7) is one of the major mechanisms by which resistance of prostate cancer to androgen deprivation therapy occurs. The histone demethylase JMJD1A (Jumonji domain containing 1A) functions as a key coactivator for AR by epigenetic regulation of H3K9 methylation marks. Here, we describe a role for JMJD1A in AR-V7 expression. While JMJD1A knockdown had no effect on full-length AR (AR-FL), it reduced AR-V7 levels in prostate cancer cells. Reexpression of AR-V7 in the JMJD1A-knockdown cells elevated expression of select AR targets and partially rescued prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The AR-V7 protein level correlated positively with JMJD1A in a subset of human prostate cancer specimens. Mechanistically, we found that JMJD1A promoted alternative splicing of AR-V7 through heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (HNRNPF), a splicing factor known to regulate exon inclusion. Knockdown of JMJD1A or HNRNPF inhibited splicing of AR-V7, but not AR-FL, in a minigene reporter assay. JMJD1A was found to interact with and promote the recruitment of HNRNPF to a cryptic exon 3b on AR pre-mRNA for the generation of AR-V7. Taken together, the role of JMJD1A in AR-FL coactivation and AR-V7 alternative splicing highlights JMJD1A as a potentially promising target for prostate cancer therapy.
In Vivo Evidence of Enhancement of HGF-induced Angiogenesis by Fluvastatin (2008)

Currently, therapeutic angiogenesis using gene transfer of angiogenic growth factors has entered the realm of novel therapy for patients with critical limb ischemia. However, its clinical utility might be enhanced by combination with classical pharmacological approaches. Thus, in this study, we examined adjunctive therapy to enhance the angiogenic effects of gene transfer, with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, statins, which have pleiotropic vascular-protective effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of a combination of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene therapy with fluvastatin in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model.
The great J2EE vs. microsoft.NET shootout (2004)

J2EE and Microsoft.NET have emerged as two major frameworks for software development. Are they more similar than different or are the differences significant? How do they stack up against each other? This panel will offer a lively discussion from leaders of Microsoft and J2EE technologies.
Measurement of mode-locked laser timing jitter by use of phase-encoded optical sampling (2001)

The phase-noise characteristics of a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser are investigated with a new measurement technique called phase-encoded optical sampling. A polarization-maintaining ring laser is mode locked by use of the short-pulse electrical output of a resonant-tunneling diode oscillator, enabling it to produce 30-ps pulses at a 208-MHz repetition rate. The interferometric phase-encoded sampling technique provides 60-dB suppression of amplitude-jitter noise and allows supermode phase noise to be observed and quantified. The white-noise pulse-to-pulse timing jitter and the rms supermode timing jitter of the laser are measured to be less than 50 and 70 fs, respectively.
Low Dose Radiation Therapy and Combination Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Hodgkin's Disease (1973)

A new program for treating advanced Hodgkin's disease (mostly stage IIIB and IV) employs five drugs and low dose radiotherapy. Three cycles of nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, vinblastine and prednisone are given over six months, followed by 1,500–2,500 rads to all diseased areas. Following radiotherapy, two additional cycles of chemotherapy are given. Of 34 patients in this program, 25 have completed three cycles (six months) of drug treatment plus irradiation. Twenty of the 25 are in complete remission, continually free of disease, with a median duration of 12+ months. The principal toxic manifestation of the program is bone marrow depression.
Tunable erbium-doped fiber ring laser precisely locked to the 50-GHz ITU frequency grid (2000)

A discretely tunable, single-frequency erbium-doped fiber ring laser demonstrates frequency locking to the 50-GHz ITU frequency grid with an accuracy of /spl plusmn/0.3 GHz and stability of /spl plusmn/0.05 GHz over a 50-nm tuning range. An output power of 7 mW and an extinction ratio of 45 dB make this single-frequency laser useful for a variety of DWDM applications.