gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Les gouvernements New Labour: Le bilan de Tony Blair et de Gordon Brown (2010)

Les gouvernements New Labour ont créé un cocktail original composé de trois quarts de réformes néolibérales et antilibérales inspirées de l'exemple américain, d'un doigt de social-démocratie scandinave, et d'une volonté aiguë d'expérimentation qui a profondément transformé la Grande-Bretagne.Gouvernant pays et parti par une combinaison de slogans et d'indicateurs de performance, une force de conviction et un leadership extraordinaire, Tony Blair a réussi à faire accepter des réformes radicales de l'État et des services publics. Gordon Brown, moins populaire, a hérité d'une crise économique sans précédent…aggravée par les politiques menées depuis treize ans. Élus pour restaurer la confiance et les services publics, répondre aux inégalités croissantes, les néotravaillistes semblent après trois mandats usés par le pouvoir et singulièrement à court d'inspiration.Cet ouvrage propose une analyse originale du « laboratoire » New Labour et de ses effets sur la vie des citoyens britanniques. Une révolution bureaucratique qui continue à se diffuser en France et en Europe !
2.5 dB sensitivity improvement by optimizing the driving voltage of an MZM and electrical filter bandwidth of optical duobinary transmission systems (2006)

We numerically and experimentally demonstrated that 100% driving voltage doesn't necessarily yield optimal results in duobinary systems. Compared with conventional condition, a 2.5 dB sensitivity improvement is obtained using 3 GHz LPFs with optimum voltage.
Vibrational Echo Studies of Protein Dynamics (1996)

The first picosecond infrared vibrational echo experiments on a protein, myoglobin-CO, are described. The experiments were performed at temperatures ranging from 60 to 300 K with a midinfrared free electron laser tuned to $1945{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Below $\ensuremath{\sim}185\mathrm{K}$, the pure dephasing, ${T}_{2}^{*}$, displays a power law temperature dependence, ${T}^{1.3}$. This behavior is reminiscent of that associated with the properties of low temperature glasses $(&lt;5\mathrm{K})$ but is observed here at much higher temperatures. Above the solvent glass transition temperature, ${T}_{2}^{*}$ is exponentially activated.
Weak Ideal Functionalities for Designing Random Oracles with Applications to Fugue. (2015)

We define ideal functionalities that are weaker than ideal functionalities traditionally used in realizing variable input length (VIL) random oracles (RO) in the indifferentiability or universal-Composability (UC) model. We also show realization of VIL-RO using these weaker ideal functionalities, with applications to proving Fugue and CubeHash hash functions to be VIL-RO. We argue that components of Fugue realize this weaker ideal functionality using tech-niques employed in proving resistance of Fugue to differential collision-attacks. This should be contrasted with other hash functions that are proven VIL-RO assuming the components are extremely ideal, e.g. random permutations. 1
A novel single gate MOS controlled current saturated thyristor (2001)

A novel single gate MOS controlled current saturation thyristor (MCST) device is proposed. In the on-state the MCST operates in thyristor-like mode at low anode voltage and enters the IGBT-like mode automatically with increasing anode voltage, offering a low on-state voltage drop and current saturation capability. Simulation results based on 6.5 kV trench devices indicate the turn-off energy loss of the MCST is reduced by over 35% compared to the IGBT. The saturation current density of the MCST is strongly dependent on the on-set voltage of the p/sup +/ buffer/n-well junction, leading to its excellent safe operation area (SOA) and making it suitable for high power applications.
Dedicated carrier deployment in heterogeneous networks with inter-site carrier aggregation (2013)

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) have been extensively discussed in 3GPP to further enhance the system throughput of traditional well-planned macrocell deployment. In this paper, we consider a HetNet scenario consisting of macro eNBs and low-power nodes implemented as remote radio heads (RRHs) or picos with dedicated carrier deployment. Collaborative inter-site carrier aggregation (CA) is proposed in scenarios with macro+RRH deployment to make an efficient use of the fragmented spectrum from multiple cells. While in scenarios with macro+pico deployment, UEs can only connect to either the macrocell or the picocell using simple cell range expansion (RE). Extensive system-level simulations have been conducted to investigate the performance gains that can be achieved with intersite CA under different traffic models and user distributions. Results show that using inter-site CA between the macrocell and the small cell obviously offers higher throughput due to larger bandwidth accessibility for the terminals, especially in low load.
The assignment of chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs: TARC and MIP-1β are not ligands for human CC-chemokine receptor 8 (1999)

Identification of chemokine receptors and their associated ligands is crucial to the understanding of most immune reactions. Three human chemokines [I-309, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta)] have been reported to be ligands for CC-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8). In this report, we present evidence that TARC and MIP-1beta did not bind to or induce chemotaxis through CCR8 on a stable transfected cell line (1D-21) and did not bind to CCR8 on in vitro differentiated human CD4(+) Th(2) cell cultures. Also, I-309-dependent calcium mobilization in 1D-21 cells and in Th(2) cells was desensitized by I-309 but not by MIP-1beta or TARC. These results provide strong evidence that, at physiologically relevant concentrations, I-309 is the only known human ligand for CCR8. These data also provide a framework for suggesting minimum requirements for the assignment of chemokine receptor-ligand pairs.
A multi-fingered end effector for unstructured environments (2003)

In a wide range of robotic tasks, the unstructured nature of the environment may preclude the use of a conventional end effector. The paper considers one approach to the design of a reconfigurable three-fingered end effector. The finger mechanism used in this design is based on previous work at the University of Southampton. The end effector design offers considerable flexibility, particularly in the range of objects that can be handled, both in shape and mass, over the previous designs. The paper discusses the mechanical structure of the end effector and its control. In order to achieve satisfactory control a novel sensor capable of detecting both slip and applied force has been developed. The proposed controller includes a set of high level commands to orient the gripper, together with a fuzzy logic approach to control the fingertip force, once contact has been made with the object.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of cations of 4,4-dialkylcyclohexa-2,5-dienones (1972)

The n.m.r. spectra are reported of the cations of a range of 4,4-dialkylcyclohexa-2,5-dienones. They confirm the hydroxyarenium ion structures previously assigned to various 4-protonated phenol derivatives. Estimates are made of the excess of charge at the ring positions of the cations, but these do not correlate with the rates of dienone–phenol rearrangements of the cations.
An original phylogenetic approach identified mitochondrial haplogroup T1a1 as inversely associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers (2015)

This study illustrates how original approaches such as the phylogeny-based method we used can empower classical molecular epidemiological studies aimed at identifying association or risk modification effects.
Continuous Enzymatic Modification of Proteins in an Ultrafiltration Reactor (1981)

ABSTRACT The feasibility of producing protein hydrolyzates using an ultrafiltration (UF) reactor system was evaluated. Soy protein isolate is reacted with a soluble protease in a reaction vessel coupled in a semi‐closed loop configuration to a hollow fiber UF unit. Reaction products are pumped past the membrane where hydrolyzate of molecular size small enough to pass through the membrane is removed as permeate. Enzyme and unreacted protein are recycled back to the reaction vessel. The effect of operational parameters such as flow rate (flux), reaction volume, substrate, and enzyme concentration on reactor product output and conversion were studied. The product is typically 91% hydrolyzed protein (N × 6.25) and 9% ash, dry basis, and contains at least four fractions of molecular weight 2500 or less.
Non-covalent Binding of Lycopene and Lycophyll (2019)

The consumption of a diet rich in carotenoids – in particular lycopene – has been epidemiologically correlated with a lower risk for different types of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The antioxidant effect of lycopene has been well established, and it is thought to be a major mechanism of lycopene action. Recently, evidence has accumulated for other mechanisms of lycopene action involving non-covalent (covalent: a chemical link between two atoms in which the electrons are shared between them) interactions with proteins and cell membranes, such as the role of lycopene in regulation of cell proliferation, growth factor signaling, modulation of hormone and immune response, and enhancing gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). This chapter focuses on the growing body of evidence that carotenoids specifically interact with proteins, and that this interaction affects their mode of action. There remains a large gap of knowledge concerning the effect of carotenoids on proteins at the molecular level. When the availability of experimental data is limited, molecular modeling studies can be used for exploring the potential 66mechanistic functions of carotenoids. In this review we discuss the applicability of docking studies in the exploration of the mode of action of lycopene and lycophyll on lipoxygenase enzymes.
Privacy-preserving Chi-squared testing for genome SNP databases (2017)

In recent years, the importance of privacy protection in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has been increasing. GWAS focuses on identifying single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with certain diseases such as cancer and diabetes, and Chi-squared testing can be used for this. However, recent studies reported that publishing the p-value or the corresponding chi-squared value of analyzed SNPs can cause privacy leakage. Several studies have been proposed for the anonymization of the chi-squared value with differential privacy, which is a de facto privacy metric in the cryptographic community. However, they can be applied to only small contingency tables; otherwise, they lose a lot of useful information. We propose novel anonymization methods: Rand-Chi and RandChiDist, and these methods are experimentally evaluated using real data sets.
Vacuum Web Coating - State of the Art and Potential for Electronics (2005)

Going flexible seems to be a major trend for a variety of electronic applications such as displays, printed circuit boards, solar cells, and solid-state lighting. Driving forces, which may often include the function of "flexibility," are the potential to build units with less thickness and with less weight or the ability for very-large-area applications. Last but not least, there is the need for a remarkable reduction of production costs, which can be fulfilled by changing the production process from sheet processing to roll to roll. The first vacuum web coater was built 70 years ago, and vacuum web coating is currently used for a wide variety of applications. In the packaging industry, aluminum coating is primarily used for barrier improvement of plastic substrates. Such coatings are deposited with an evaporation process in machines of up to 4-m coating widths on rolls up to 60 000-m length and at coating speeds of more than 16 m/s. For capacitor production, thin webs with thicknesses down to the submicrometer range are vacuum-coated with aluminum, silver, or zinc layers, and uncoated stripes or patterns are also needed. Vacuum-coated web-shaped substrates can also be used for antireflective, antistatic function in the front of monitors, as window films for cars and architectural applications or as front electrodes for touch panels as a few examples. Different coating tools such as evaporation, sputtering, plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD), as well as pretreatment tools and inline layer measurement systems are available. Many of the currently available tools and processes existing in the web coating industry may become useful for upcoming electronic applications, but special demands for these new applications, such as exact area tracking, zero defects, roll-to-roll masking, and reduced substrate temperature during coating, require further development of machine design and process technology. This paper will summarize the state of the art of vacuum w
Increased endosomal microautophagy reduces Tau driven synaptic dysfunction. (2018)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
α1-Antitrypsin monotherapy induces immune tolerance during islet allograft transplantation in mice (2008)

Human pancreatic islet transplantation offers diabetic patients tight glucose control but has low graft survival rates. The immunosuppressive drugs that are administered to graft recipients lack the antiinflammatory benefits of corticosteroids because of their diabetogenic effects. The serum protease inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) possesses antiinflammatory properties and reduces cytokine-mediated islet damage. In the present study, diabetic mice were grafted with allogeneic islets and treated with AAT monotherapy (n = 24). After 14 days of treatment, mice remained normoglycemic and islet allografts were functional for up to 120 treatment-free days. After graft removal and retransplantation, mice accepted same-strain islets but rejected third-strain islets, thus confirming that specific immune tolerance had been induced. Explanted grafts exhibited a population of T regulatory cells in transplant sites. According to RT-PCR, grafts contained high levels of mRNA for foxp3, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, TGF-beta, IL-10, and IL-1 receptor antagonist; expression of proinflammatory mediators was low or absent. After implantation of skin allografts, AAT-treated mice had greater numbers of foxp3-positive cells in draining lymph nodes (DLNs) compared with control treatment mice. Moreover, dendritic cells in DLNs exhibited an immature phenotype with decreased CD86 activation marker. Although the number of CD3 transcripts decreased in the DLNs, AAT did not affect IL-2 activity in vitro. Thus, AAT monotherapy provides allografts with antiinflammatory conditions that favor development of antigen-specific T regulatory cells. Because AAT treatment in humans is safe, its use during human islet transplantation may be considered.
Two monoclonal-based assays for carcinoembryonic antigen compared. (1987)

Monoclonal antibody-based methods can provide clinically different impressions for some patients than does an earlier method involving a conventional antiserum. Therefore, performance of two commercial double-monoclonal-antibody methods for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were studied further, those of Abbott Diagnostics and Roche Diagnostic Systems. The two methods showed similar precision. Total CVs over 20 days at three concentrations were 16, 6, and 6% in the Roche assay, and 15, 8, and 7% in the Abbott assay (n = 20). Within-run CVs for quality-control levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively, in the Roche assay were 14, 8, and 9%, and in the Abbott 15, 9, and 10% (n = 20). Mean CEA concentrations were consistently lower in the Roche assay than in the Abbott assay. Results of the two assays correlated significantly in patients with CEA-secreting carcinomas (r = 0.88), and in serial samples from cancer patients who had low, medium, or high CEA concentrations in their sera (r = 0.92 for all serial data). About 10% of values were false-positive (greater than 5.0 micrograms/L) by each of the two methods in 89 patients with various non-malignant conditions. The two methods appear to be more specific for tumor-associated CEA than are polyclonal antibody-based assays previously available from the two manufacturers.
Indoor propagation estimation combining statistical models with ray-tracing (2015)

In order to improve estimation accuracy of the statistical model, we present a novel method. In this method, we classify NLoS region using number of reflections and diffractions calculated by ray-tracing, and then applies different statistical models to each regions. First, we make statistical models. We classify measurements of NLoS region using the conditions up to 3 times reflections, 1 time diffraction, and others, and develop statistical models of each region. Then we compare fitting errors of the developed statistical models. The fitting error decreased from 4.18 dB to approximately 3 dB after some classification, but the fitting error did not decrease any more. Next, we evaluate the calculation errors using the developed statistical models. The calculation error became minimal of 3.77 dB when we classify NLoS into up to 2 times reflection and others, and then tended to increase when we classify further. From the above results, it is optimal that the NLoS region is classified into 3 regions.
Fidelity and repeatability of wave fields reconstructed from multicomponent streamer data (2014)

ABSTRACT Wave field reconstruction – the estimation of a three‐dimensional (3D) wave field representing upgoing, downgoing or the combined total pressure at an arbitrary point within a marine streamer array – is enabled by simultaneous measurements of the crossline and vertical components of particle acceleration in addition to pressure in a multicomponent marine streamer. We examine a repeated sail line of North Sea data acquired by a prototype multicomponent towed‐streamer array for both wave field reconstruction fidelity (or accuracy) and reconstruction repeatability. Data from six cables, finely sampled in‐line but spaced at 75 m crossline, are reconstructed and placed on a rectangular data grid uniformly spaced at 6.25 m in‐line and crossline. Benchmarks are generated using recorded pressure data and compared with wave fields reconstructed from pressure alone, and from combinations of pressure, crossline acceleration and vertical acceleration. We find that reconstruction using pressure and both crossline and vertical acceleration has excellent fidelity, recapturing highly aliased diffractions that are lost by interpolation of pressure‐only data. We model wave field reconstruction error as a linear function of distance from the nearest physical sensor and find, for this data set with some mismatched shot positions, that the reconstructed wave field error sensitivity to sensor mispositioning is one‐third that of the recorded wave field sensitivity. Multicomponent reconstruction is also more repeatable, outperforming single‐component reconstruction in which wave field mismatch correlates with geometry mismatch. We find that adequate repeatability may mask poor reconstruction fidelity and that aliased reconstructions will repeat if the survey geometry repeats. Although the multicomponent 3D data have only 500 m in‐line aperture, limiting the attenuation of non‐repeating multiples, the level of repeatability achieved is extremely encouraging compared to full‐aperture, pressure‐only, time‐lapse data sets at an equivalent stage of processing.
Computational Screening and Multiscale Simulation of Barrier-Free Contacts for 2D Semiconductor pFETs (2022)

Low-resistance p-type contacts to two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors remains a critical challenge towards the industrial application of 2D channel materials in advanced logic technology. To address this challenge, we computationally screen and identify designs for ultralow-resistance p-type contacts to 2D semiconductors such as WSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> by combining ab initio density-functional-theory (DFT) and quantum device simulations. Two new contact strategies, van der Waals metallic contact (such as 1H-NbS <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ), and bulk semimetallic contact (such as Co <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ), are identified as realistic pathways to achieving Schottky-barrier-free and low-contact-resistance p-type contacts for 2D semiconductor pFETs. Simulations of these new strategies suggest reduced metal-induced gap states, negligible Schottky barrier height and small contact resistance (down to ~20 Ω·μm). Preliminary experimental results in developing Co <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> as a new semimetal contact material are also demonstrated.
SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION OF STUART OIL SHALE (1988)

ABSTRACT This paper describes the recovery of oil from Stuart oil shale using a supercritical extraction technique employing carbon dioxide as solvent. This supercritical technique provides yields superior to comparable retorting techniques. The importance of extraction temperature, pressure, and time has been investigated. In addition, the chemical composition of the oil extracted from the shale is presented. Simulated distillation has been employed to assess the effect of extraction conditions on the quality of the shale oil extracted.
Blue-Emitting CdSe Nanoplatelets Enabled by Sulfur-Alloyed Heterostructures for Light-Emitting Diodes with Low Turn-on Voltage (2021)

Colloidal nanoplatelets (NPLs) have emerged as the last class of semiconductor nanocrystals for their potential optoelectronic applications. The heterostructures of these nanocrystals can achieve high photoluminescence quantum yield and enhanced photostability, along with color purity. Such advantages make them a promising candidate for solution-processable light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, to date, blue-emitting CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) exhibit poor photoluminescence quantum yield and also typically suffer from a rolled-up morphology. To mitigate these problems in this work, we propose and demonstrate efficient alloyed 4 ML CdSe1–xSx nanoplatelets having a CdS crown with enhanced photoluminescence quantum yields (up to 60%) in the blue region (462–487 nm). We successfully used these NPLs as an electrically driven active emitter in the blue-emitting NPL-LEDs with a low turn-on voltage of ∼4 V. The Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.23, 0.14) were obtained for these blue-emitting NPL-LEDs. These emitters could potentially open up the opportunity for full-color displays using these NPL-based blue LEDs in conjunction with the red and green ones.