gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations on evaluation method for yield strength of round bar undermatched joint. (1988)

The objective values of the yield strength and fracture toughness are respectively more than 1200 MPa and 200 MPa√m at 4K on the structural material for the superconductnig magnet container in the Fusion Reactor. It should be desireable to assure the above value for the properties of the weld metal used for the containers.However, it is very difficult to assure the both properties for the same weld metal, especially made by electron beam welding which has the very good cost efficency. It should be reasonable to use a little bit undermatched weld metal in order to assure the fracture tonghness. So, it is understood to be very important to know the applicability and permitted limit based on the design condition of loading and deformation for the superconducting magnet container. From this view point, the initial yielding behavior of the undermatched joint is investigated in this paper.Results are as follows. (1) On the nominal stress vs. nominal strain relationship at the central section of the undermatched metal of the joint, the stress increases higher than the yield stress of undermatched metal itself then gradually comes up to a constant value, after the whole area of the undermatched metal starts to generate plastic deformation as the stress reaches the yield stress of the metal. (2) The increase in the stress is caused by the restraint effect of the base metal on the plasticity, and the stress becames larger with the larger strength ratio of the undermatched metal to the basemetal and with the smaller relative thickness of the joint. (3) The strain does not distribute uniformly at the central section of the undermatched metal along the radial direction during the initial yielding process of the joint. (4) In the case that the yield strength of the joints is considered as the proof stress desided for a constant offset strain, the relationship between the dimensionless yield strength of the joint to the yield stress of the base metal and the relative yield strength of the undermatched metal to the base metal cannot be not established con-sistently. (5) The assumption that the base metal is rigid, causes the excessive evaluation of the joint yield strength of theoretical analysis. (6) As the quantitative evaluation method, the stress vs. strain relationship and then the algebraic expression has been formulated for the initial yielding behavior of the joint.
Formation and Reactivity of a Molecular Magnesium Hydride with a Terminal Mg—H Bond (2015)

International audience
Metal–Organic Frameworks with Zero and Low‐Valent Metal Nodes Connected by Tetratopic Phosphine Ligands (2022)

Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed with M 0 nodes are attractive targets due to the reactivity of these low‐valent metals, but examples of these MOFs remain exceedingly rare. The rational design of three‐dimensional MOFs with Pd 0 and Pt 0 nodes using tetratopic phosphine ligands is reported. Five new MOFs have been synthesized by systematic variation of the phosphine ligands and metal precursors employed, and these represent the first examples of MOFs constructed using phosphine–metal bonds as the sole structural component. The MOFs display solid‐state luminescence, with emission maxima that are significantly red‐shifted compared to Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 . In addition, a Rh I low‐valent coordination solid based on the same linker design is reported, which displays solid‐state luminescence that is not observed for the molecular analogue.
Light-Driven, Proton-Controlled, Catalytic Aerobic C–H Oxidation Mediated by a Mn(III) Porphyrinoid Complex (2015)

The visible light-driven, catalytic aerobic oxidation of benzylic C-H bonds was mediated by a Mn(III) corrolazine complex. To achieve catalytic turnovers, a strict selective requirement for the addition of protons was established. The resting state of the catalyst was unambiguously characterized by X-ray diffraction as [Mn(III)(H2O)(TBP8Cz(H))](+), in which a single, remote site on the ligand is protonated. If two remote sites are protonated, however, reactivity with O2 is shut down. Spectroscopic methods revealed that the related Mn(V)(O) complex is also protonated at the same remote site at -60 °C, but undergoes valence tautomerization upon warming.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (Xe2F+ 11)2NiF2‐ 6. (1989)

Abstract Reaction between NiF 2 , KrF 2 , and XeF 6 in anhydrous HF as a solvent yields a red solid (IV) that decomposes in a dynamic vacuum at 25 °C yielding the darker red diamagnetic title compound (V) (no yield given).
Vaccination with Mage-b DNA induces CD8 T-cell responses at young but not old age in mice with metastatic breast cancer (2009)

The absence of CD8 T-cell responses after Mage-b vaccination and the accompanying reduced protection against metastatic breast cancer in old compared with young mice point towards the need for tailoring cancer vaccination to older age.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a 4‐Helix Bundle‐Like Template‐Assembled Synthetic Protein (TASP) by Condensation of a Protected Peptide on a Conformationally Constrained Cyclic Carrier. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Regulation of hepatic cardiolipin metabolism by TNFα: Implication in cancer cachexia Molecular and cell biology of lipids (2015)

Cardiolipin (CL) content accumulation leads to an increase in energy wasting in liver mitochondria in a rat model of cancer cachexia in which tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is highly expressed. In this study we investigated the mechanisms involved in liver mitochondria CL accumulation in cancer cachexia and examined if TNFα was involved in this process leading to mitochondrial bioenergetics alterations. We studied gene, protein expression and activity of the main enzymes involved in CL metabolism in liver mitochondria from a rat model of cancer cachexia and in HepaRG hepatocyte-like cells exposed to 20ng/ml of TNFα for 12h. Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase (PGPS) gene expression was increased 2.3-fold (p<0.02) and cardiolipin synthase (CLS) activity decreased 44% (p<0.03) in cachectic rat livers compared to controls. CL remodeling enzymes monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase (MLCL AT-1) activity and tafazzin (TAZ) gene expression were increased 30% (p<0.01) and 50% (p<0.02), respectively, in cachectic rat livers compared to controls. Incubation of hepatocytes with TNFα increased CL content 15% (p<0.05), mitochondrial oxygen consumption 33% (p<0.05), PGPS gene expression 44% (p<0.05) and MLCL AT-1 activity 20% (p<0.05) compared to controls. These above findings strongly suggest that in cancer cachexia, TNFα induces a higher energy wasting in liver mitochondria by increasing CL content via upregulation of PGPS expression.
SUMO modulation of protein aggregation and degradation (2015)

Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation and binding to target proteins regulate a wide variety of cellular pathways. The functional aspects of SUMOylation include changes in protein-protein interactions, intracellular trafficking as well as protein aggregation and degradation. SUMO has also been linked to specialized cellular pathways such as neuronal development and synaptic transmission. In addition, SUMOylation is associated with neurological diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulations. SUMOylation of the amyloid and tau proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies may contribute to changes in protein solubility and proteolytic processing. Similar events have been reported for α-synuclein aggregates found in Parkinson's disease, polyglutamine disorders such as Huntington's disease as well as protein aggregates found in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This review provides a detailed overview of the impact SUMOylation has on the etiology and pathology of these related neurological diseases.
From Biomass to Chemicals: Synthesis of Precursors of Biodegradable Surfactants from 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (2013)

The selective acetalization of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with long-chain alkyl alcohols has been performed to obtain precursors of molecules with surfactant properties. If direct acetalization of HMF with n-octanol is performed in the presence of strong acids (homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts), an increase in etherification versus acetalization occurs. Beta zeolite catalyzes both reactions. However, if the acidity of a zeolite (Beta) was controlled by partial exchange of H(+) with Na(+), the dioctyl acetal of HMF can be achieved in 95% yield by transacetalization. It is possible to achieve a high yield in a very short reaction time through a two-step one-pot process, which includes the synthesis of the dimethyl acetal of HMF followed by transacetalization with n-octanol. The one-pot process could be extended to other alcohols that contain 6-12 carbon atoms to afford 87-98% yield of the corresponding dialkyl acetal with a selectivity higher than 96%. The optimized catalyst with an adequate Na content (1.5NaBeta) could be recycled without loss of activity or selectivity.
Single-Phase PFC Rectifier With Integrated Flying Capacitor Power Pulsation Buffer (2022)

Single-phase Power Factor Correction (PFC) rectifiers with sinusoidal grid currents are inherently subject to an input power fluctuating at twice the mains frequency. In order to potentially mitigate bulky, heavy and failure-prone electrolytic dc-link capacitors, active Power Pulsation Buffer (PPB) concepts are proposed in the literature. For converter systems employing Flying Capacitor (FC) multilevel bridge-legs, the FCs can be utilized as a twice-mains frequency energy storage, i.e., as an integrated active PPB without the need for additional power components. Such ac-dc-stage-integrated FC PPBs capable of buffering the complete input power variation are known in literature which, however, require sophisticated control strategies with varying switching frequency and discontinuous conduction mode. This paper presents a novel ac-dc-stage-integrated FC-PPB approach which is compatible with standard PFC control concepts and enables a significant reduction in dc-link voltage variation. First, a control concept cycling the FC voltage in a wide range without interfering with the grid current controller is derived step by step and verified by means of circuit simulations. Design guidelines for the calculation of suitable FC capacitance values are presented and the limits in buffering capability are discussed. The concept is then experimentally verified with a 2.2kW three-level FC single-phase PFC rectifier employing 600V GaN power semiconductors where the dc-link voltage variation is reduced by 28% compared to conventional operation. Last, the applicability of the ac-dc-stage-integrated FC-PPB concept to other FC converter topologies is discussed.
Retinal microvascular structure: determinants and potential utility of novel imaging measurements (2010)

10.1586/eop.10.27
A programmable and virtualized network & IT infrastructure for the internet of things: How can NFV & SDN help for facing the upcoming challenges (2015)

The Internet of Things (IoT) revolution has major impacts on the network & Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. As IT in the past decade, network virtualization is simultaneously on its way with for instance Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN). NFV and SDN are approaches enhancing the infrastructure agility thus facilitating the design, delivery and operation of network services in a dynamic and scalable manner. IoT will push the infrastructure to its limit with numerous and diverse requirements to fulfill, we therefore believe that the agility brought by the combination of NFV and SDN is essential to face the IoT revolution. In this article, we first highlight some IoT challenges that the network & IT infrastructure will face. The NFV and SDN benefits are presented from a network operator point of view. Following a description of the IoT ecosystem and a recall of some of the IoT stakeholders expectations, a new multi-layered IoT architecture involving SDN and NFV and based upon network & IT resources is put forward. Finally, the article illustrates how the proposed architecture is able to cope with the identified IoT challenges.
Gastric Emptying in Rats following Administration of a Range of Different Fats Measured as Acetaminophen Concentration in Plasma (2003)

The gastric emptying of fat was not influenced by fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol structure of the fats administered.
Synchronous Deletion of Mtv‐Superantigen‐Reactive Thymocytes in the CD3medium/high CD4+CD8+ Subset (2000)

Multiple model systems have demonstrated that negatively selected thymocytes can be deleted during the immature CD4 + CD8 + CD3 low stage after high affinity interaction of T‐cell receptors (TCRs) with antigen:major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complexes. Superantigens (SAGs) derived from endogenous mammary tumour viruses (Mtv) induce negative selection of Mtv‐SAG‐reactive thymocytes regardless of which peptide antigen is presented by MHC molecules. In this study, the timing of deletion of multiple subsets of Mtv‐SAG‐reactive CD4 + CD8 + thymocytes was investigated by a 4 colour flow cytometry in SJL × CBA/J cross‐bred mice. Deletion of Vβ3 + , Vβ5 + , Vβ11 + , and Vβ17 + Mtv‐SAG‐reactive thymocytes was found to occur synchronously in the most mature CD3 medium and early CD3 high subsets of CD4 + CD8 + thymocytes, in contrast with reports showing that the deletion of Mtv‐SAG‐reactive thymocytes can occur at different stages in particular model systems.
TU‐G‐BRA‐05: Predicting Volume Change of the Tumor and Critical Structures Throughout Radiation Therapy by CT‐CBCT Registration with Local Intensity Correction (2015)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop an accurate and effective technique to predict and monitor volume changes of the tumor and organs at risk (OARs) from daily cone‐beam CTs (CBCTs). Methods: While CBCT is typically used to minimize the patient setup error, its poor image quality impedes accurate monitoring of daily anatomical changes in radiotherapy. Reconstruction artifacts in CBCT often cause undesirable errors in registration‐based contour propagation from the planning CT, a conventional way to estimate anatomical changes. To improve the registration and segmentation accuracy, we developed a new deformable image registration (DIR) that iteratively corrects CBCT intensities using slice‐based histogram matching during the registration process. Three popular DIR algorithms (hierarchical B‐spline, demons, optical flow) augmented by the intensity correction were implemented on a graphics processing unit for efficient computation, and their performances were evaluated on six head and neck (HN) cancer cases. Four trained scientists manually contoured nodal gross tumor volume (GTV) on the planning CT and every other fraction CBCTs for each case, to which the propagated GTV contours by DIR were compared. The performance was also compared with commercial software, VelocityAI (Varian Medical Systems Inc.). Results: Manual contouring showed significant variations, [‐76, +141]% from the mean of all four sets of contours. The volume differences (mean±std in cc) between the average manual segmentation and four automatic segmentations are 3.70±2.30(B‐spline), 1.25±1.78(demons), 0.93±1.14(optical flow), and 4.39±3.86 (VelocityAI). In comparison to the average volume of the manual segmentations, the proposed approach significantly reduced the estimation error by 9%(B‐spline), 38%(demons), and 51%(optical flow) over the conventional mutual information based method (VelocityAI). Conclusion: The proposed CT‐CBCT registration with local CBCT intensity correction can accurately predict the tumor volume change with reduced errors. Although demonstrated only on HN nodal GTVs, the results imply improved accuracy for other critical structures. This work was supported by NIH/NCI under grant R42CA137886.
Overview of the ChILD Research Network: A roadmap for progress and success in defining rare diseases (2020)

Children's interstitial and diffuse lung diseases are a diverse group of rare lung disorders that present in childhood with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory signs and symptoms. Children with these disorders face high morbidity and mortality and their families must cope with overwhelming uncertainty. Physicians caring for these patients are challenged by a paucity of directed therapies, or even understanding of natural history. Through the establishment of the Children's Interstitial Lung Disease Foundation Research Network and the Children's Interstitial Lung Disease Foundation significant progress has been made through collaboration and research. This review outlines the past and current successes in the new and rapidly growing field of Children's Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Disease.
Supplementary Figures S3-S4 from Dominant-Negative Histone H3 Lysine 27 Mutant Derepresses Silenced Tumor Suppressor Genes and Reverses the Drug-Resistant Phenotype in Cancer Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figures S3-S4 from Dominant-Negative Histone H3 Lysine 27 Mutant Derepresses Silenced Tumor Suppressor Genes and Reverses the Drug-Resistant Phenotype in Cancer Cells
Determination of 3-Alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines in Green Coffee: A Study To Unravel Their Role on Coffee Quality (2019)

Although a high concentration of some 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines in green coffee has been associated with an off-flavor described as potato taste defect (PTD) or "peasy" defect, affecting the product quality, the natural concentration of these compounds in good quality coffee beans has never been the subject of a detailed study. 3-Isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (<b>1</b>), 3-<i>sec</i>-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine (<b>2</b>), 3-isopropyl-2-methoxypyrazine (<b>3</b>) concentrations were determined on a range of selected, good quality green coffees of different botanical species (arabica and robusta) and geographical origin. The presence of the three methoxypirazines was confirmed in all samples; the concentration of compound <b>1</b> was significantly higher than those of compounds <b>3</b> and <b>2</b>, showing a geographical-origin-dependent variability. This whole set of experimental data was then used as a reference to ascertain the PTD occurrence in "suspected PTD" and insect-damaged samples. Compound <b>3</b> was the main indicator of defectiveness, with a main variability in its concentration in insect-damaged samples, suggesting that the insect-induced damage is not a sufficient condition to induce the off-flavor. The analysis in fresh potatoes, carried out to disclose the origin of the term used to describe the PTD in coffee, showed a very low concentration of 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines. However, the relative prevalence of compound <b>3</b> on the total of 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines could be related to the characteristic "potato" flavor frequently evoked to describe the sensory perceived defect in coffee.
Religious and Ethnic Influences on Willingness to Donate Organs and Donor Behavior: An Australian Perspective (2011)

Context Globally, the demand for donated organs outstrips supply, meaning that there are both practical and theoretical reasons for examining factors that are predictive of individuals' willingness to donate their organs upon their death. Objectives To determine whether individuals of different religious denominations living in Australia have different views on organ donation, whether donation attitudes differ significantly across ethnic groups, and whether factors identified in international research are predictors of willingness to donate and actual donor behavior in this population. Participants Data for this study were collected from students at an Australian university from a range of religious and ethnic backgrounds, and their friends and relatives (N = 509). Intervention Participants were administered the Organ Donation Attitude Scale, as well as additional attitudes and knowledge measures. Main Outcome Measures Self-reported “willingness to donate” and “donor behavior.” Results Our findings complemented those reported in comparable countries, with females, younger Australians, and those with high knowledge levels being more willing to donate than males, older persons, and those with low knowledge. Persons who described themselves as having stronger religious beliefs (particularly Buddhist and Islamic) held less favorable attitudes toward donation, had lower knowledge levels, and were more likely to oppose donation. Conclusions Although this study established that attitudes toward, knowledge about, and predictors of organ donation in Australia are similar to those reported elsewhere, donation rates remain low. Further in-depth research examining the impact of religion and culture on attitudes, beliefs, and behavior is essential when exploring strategies to improve organ donation rates in highly multicultural societies such as Australia.
Removing local motion from ultrasonic images using nonaffine registration for contrast quantification (2005)

A contrast quantification package has been developed to be part of a medical ultrasound system. This package provides motion compensation through nonaffine image registration. An explanation of the image registration system is given. A set of analyses made with this system is presented; they show that the registration system provides significant improvements over using images without motion correction.