gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seamless service composition (SeSCo) in pervasive environments (2005)

It is a challenging task to develop applications and systems that cater to the needs of ever increasing multimedia applications. Additionally, in pervasive computing environments, multimedia data needs to be delivered to heterogeneous devices with varying capabilities over a variety of communication channels. The objective of this research is to dynamically compose services by effectively utilizing the collective capabilities of resources available to deliver multimedia. Existing schemes provide composite solutions to multimedia applications, work either on a centralized system or assume that the environment is ad-hoc in nature, resulting in additional overheads during composition. Further, some of the existing composition schemes are an extension to discovery, resulting in a discover + match + coordinate scheme. Such schemes would not be effective in dynamically changing environments, due to the uncertainties involved. In this paper, we present a novel composition scheme, called Seamless Service Composition (SeSCo), that operates on automatically configurable resource hierarchies for discovery and composition. SeSCo attempts to weave necessary services by utilizing available individual services seamlessly. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our scheme over existing broadcast based schemes.
A high resolution, broad energy acceptance spectrometer for laser wakefield acceleration experiments (2010)

Laser wakefield experiments present a unique challenge in measuring the resulting electron energy properties due to the large energy range of interest, typically several 100 MeV, and the large electron beam divergence and pointing jitter >1 mrad. In many experiments the energy resolution and accuracy are limited by the convolved transverse spot size and pointing jitter of the beam. In this paper we present an electron energy spectrometer consisting of two magnets designed specifically for laser wakefield experiments. In the primary magnet the field is produced by permanent magnets. A second optional electromagnet can be used to obtain better resolution for electron energies above 75 MeV. The spectrometer has an acceptance of 2.5-400 MeV (E(max)/E(min)>100) with a resolution of better than 1% rms for electron energies above 25 MeV. This high resolution is achieved by refocusing electrons in the energy plane and without any postprocessing image deconvolution. Finally, the spectrometer employs two complimentary detection mechanisms: (1) absolutely calibrated scintillation screens imaged by cameras outside the vacuum chamber and (2) an array of scintillating fibers coupled to a low-noise charge-coupled device.
Smith-Purcell radiation in the presence of short-range disorder (2017)

The emission of light from electrons passing near a grating includes resonant plasmonic features and Smith-Purcell collective excitations. We observe both and distinguish between them, finding surprising robustness to disorder in the Smith-Purcell radiation.
Nanoparticle Surfaces: Mixed Organic Ligand Shells: Controlling the Nanoparticle Surface Morphology toward Tuning the Optoelectronic Properties (Small 2/2020) (2020)

The optical properties of perylene bisimide dyes (PBI) are strongly aggregation dependent. Thus, PBIs are perfect candidates for probing interdye interactions immobilized onto nanoparticle surfaces. The synergetic interplay of different spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics simulations gives insights into the aggregation in the form of H-aggregates. Overall, the conclusions presented in article number 1903729 by Marcus Halik, Dirk M. Guldi, and co-workers enable fine-tuning of the surface morphology of the attached dyes.
Hypervirulent Clostridium difficile PCR-Ribotypes Exhibit Resistance to Widely Used Disinfectants (2011)

The increased prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has coincided with enhanced transmissibility and severity of disease, which is often linked to two distinct clonal lineages designated PCR-ribotype 027 and 017 responsible for CDI outbreaks in the USA, Europe and Asia. We assessed sporulation and susceptibility of three PCR-ribotypes; 012, 017 and 027 to four classes of disinfectants; chlorine releasing agents (CRAs), peroxygens, quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) and biguanides. The 017 PCR-ribotype, showed the highest sporulation frequency under these test conditions. The oxidizing biocides and CRAs were the most efficacious in decontamination of C. difficile vegetative cells and spores, the efficacy of the CRAs were concentration dependent irrespective of PCR-ribotype. However, there were differences observed in the susceptibility of the PCR-ribotypes, independent of the concentrations tested for Virkon®, Newgenn®, Proceine 40® and Hibiscrub®. Whereas, for Steri7® and Biocleanse® the difference observed between the disinfectants were dependent on both PCR-ribotype and concentration. The oxidizing agent Perasafe® was consistently efficacious across all three PCR ribotypes at varying concentrations; with a consistent five Log10 reduction in spore titre. The PCR-ribotype and concentration dependent differences in the efficacy of the disinfectants in this study indicate that disinfectant choice is a factor for llimiting the survival and transmission of C. difficile spores in healthcare settings.
<title>Low-temperature modulation characteristics of a quantum well laser</title> (1996)

We have systematically studied modulation characteristics of an InGaAsP multiple quantum well laser diode in the temperature range between 300 K to 10 K. We show that the modulation bandwidth increases dramatically at lower temperature which can be attributed to dramatic increase of differential gain. Modulation characteristics at temperatures below 100 K show an additional low frequency roll off that cannot be accounted for by device parasitics. We discuss the origin of this effect in the context of the device carrier transport effects.
Swarm Vision (2013)

Swarm Vision is an installation consisting of multiple pan-tilt-zoom cameras on rails positioned above spectators in an exhibition space. Each camera behaves autonomously based on programmed rules of computer vision.
Predictable Healing of Femoral Neck Fractures Treated With Intraoperative Compression and Length-Stable Implants (2010)

With careful consideration to reduction, we fixed femoral neck fractures with nonsliding constructs, resulting in a high union rate with very minimal shortening of the femoral neck.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Targeting TRAIL Death Receptor 4 with Trivalent DR4 Atrimer Complexes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 63K, Combining DR4 Atrimer� complexes with TRAIL. Sub-G1 content in HCT116 cells treated with 1G2 (50 ng/mL) or TRAIL (25 ng/mL) for 24 hours (n=2).&lt;/p&gt;
DCG: deterministic clock-gating for low-power microprocessor design (2004)

With the scaling of technology and the need for higher performance and more functionality, power dissipation is becoming a major bottleneck for microprocessor designs. Because clock power can be significant in high-performance processors, we propose a deterministic clock-gating (DCG) technique which effectively reduces clock power. DCG is based on the key observation that for many of the pipelined stages of a modern processor, the circuit block usage in the near future is known a few cycles ahead of time. Our experiments show an average of 19.9% reduction in processor power with virtually no performance loss for an eight-issue, out-of-order superscalar by applying DCG to execution units, pipeline latches, D-cache wordline decoders, and result bus drivers.
Graphene‐Based Hybrid Carbons: Ultrahigh Strength and Modulus Graphene‐Based Hybrid Carbons with AB‐Stacked and Turbostratic Structures (Adv. Funct. Mater. 50/2020) (2020)

In article number 2005381, Sunghwan Jin, Rodney S. Ruoff, Seongwoo Ryu, and co-workers show a graphene-based hybrid carbon film composed of AB-stacked and turbostratic structure by heat-treating graphene/poly(catecholamine) composites. The graphene/poly(catecholamine) composites have a brick-mortar structure that the composite films are transformed to have both AB-stacked (mainly from graphene oxide) and turbostratic (mainly from poly(catecholamines)) structures.
Shear strengthening of precast prestressed I‐girders using carbon fiber reinforced polymers and in‐fill concrete blocks (2023)

Abstract Due to the rapid increase in traffic volumes, existing infrastructure demands proper assessment and in some cases rehabilitation is needed. Prestressed concrete (PC) I‐shaped girders are widely used in prefabricated girder bridges. With sequel generations of shear design provisions their shear capacity might need to be increased in the framework of assessing safety of aging bridges. Earlier attempts in shear strengthening this specific type of girder with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) has shown early debonding along the concrete surface at the web‐flange corner so that the increase in shear strength was very limited. This study presents the results of full scale PC I‐girders strengthened with CFRP through epoxy bonded concrete in‐fill blocks that locally transforms the I‐section to a rectangular section at the position of CFRP strips. This transformation eliminated the early debonding of CFRP shear reinforcement and for the studied configurations a 30%–40% increase in shear capacity was obtained with respect to the unstrengthened control specimen, without and with additional CFRP spike anchors, respectively. In comparison, similar configurations without in‐fill blocks reached 5% and 12% increase in shear capacity, respectively. As such, the use of in‐fill blocks appeared more effective than local anchorage of the CFRP at the web‐flange corner. Analytical verification of the experimental results confirmed that existing formulations lack ability to predict the shear capacity of strengthened I‐girders, and further work is needed in this respect.
Detection of mitochondrial DNA mutations in pancreatic cancer offers a "mass"-ive advantage over detection of nuclear DNA mutations. (2001)

We sequenced the complete 16.5-kb mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) in 15 pancreatic cancer cell lines and xenografts. Homoplasmic mtDNA somatic mutations and novel variants were identified in nearly all samples. Southern blot analysis and direct sequencing of mutation sites showed that the intracellular mass of mtDNA was greatly (6-8-fold) increased in pancreatic cancer cells in relation to corresponding normal cells; this property accounted for and greatly facilitated the identification of these mutations among the dense desmoplastic host reaction characteristic of primary pancreatic cancers. Structural characteristics and mathematical modeling of the evolution of mtDNA mutations suggested that many of the mutations identified might represent a random evolution of homoplasmic variants, rather than necessarily being a product of selective pressures. Complete sequencing of the nuclear MnSOD gene, which protects cells from the mitogenic and toxic effects of oxygen radicals, did not reveal any mutations. Nevertheless, the nearly ubiquitous prevalence and high copy number of mtDNA mutations suggest that they be considered of promising clinical utility in diagnostic applications.
Power flows and Mechanical Intensities in structural finite element analysis (1989)

The identification of power flow paths in dynamically loaded structures is an important, but currently unavailable, capability for the finite element analyst. For this reason, methods for calculating power flows and mechanical intensities in finite element models are developed here. Formulations for calculating input and output powers, power flows, mechanical intensities, and power dissipations for beam, plate, and solid element types are derived. NASTRAN is used to calculate the required velocity, force, and stress results of an analysis, which a post-processor then uses to calculate power flow quantities. The SDRC I-deas Supertab module is used to view the final results. Test models include a simple truss and a beam-stiffened cantilever plate. Both test cases showed reasonable power flow fields over low to medium frequencies, with accurate power balances. Future work will include testing with more complex models, developing an interactive graphics program to view easily and efficiently the analysis results, applying shape optimization methods to the problem with power flow variables as design constraints, and adding the power flow capability to NASTRAN.
Surface permanent magnet synchronous machine position estimation at low speed using eddy-current-reflected asymmetric resistance (2011)

This paper proposes an alternative position estimation method of surface permanent magnet (SPM) machines at low speed using high frequency (HF) voltage injection. SPM machines traditionally do not have enough spatial saliency signals because of their symmetric rotors. The proposed solution is to track the HF eddy-current-reflected asymmetric resistance for position estimation. It is shown that the spatial variation of resistance can be enhanced when an HF voltage is superimposed. Finite element analysis is performed to investigate the asymmetric resistance in different SPM machines. By superimposing a d-axis pulsating vector HF voltage, SPM machines can achieve the position estimation performance with reduced degradation at high load conditions. Implementation methods are developed to track the resistance-based saliency signal for speed and position closed-loop control. An SPM machine prototype with a ring magnet rotor is used for the experimental evaluation.
Lithotrites and Postoperative Fever: Does Lithotrite Type Matter? Results from the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study (2013)

Risk of post-PNL fever was not significantly different among the various lithotrites used in the CROES PNL study.
Crystal Structure of Bi6Sr8-xCa3+xO22 (−0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.7):  A Mixed Valence Bismuth Oxide Related to Perovskite (1998)

The crystal structure of Bi6Sr8-xCa3+xO22 has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This phase is the same as Bi9Sr11Ca5Oy that was previously studied by several authors as a secondary phase in the Bi−Sr−Ca−Cu−O system and coexists in thermodynamic equilibrium with the superconductors Bi2Sr2CuO6 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with cell parameters a = 11.037(3) Å, b = 5.971(2) Å, c = 19.703(7) Å, β = 101.46(3)°, Z = 2. The structure was solved by direct methods and full-matrix least-squares refinement. It is built up by perovskite-related blocks of composition [Sr8-xBi2Ca3+xO16] that intergrow with double rows [Bi4O6] running along b. The perovskite blocks are formed by groups of five octahedra that are shifted from each other 3/2√2ap along [110]p (ap being the parameter of the cubic perovskite subcell) in a zigzag configuration and are aligned with this direction parallel to the one forming an angle of 25° with the c axis. In turn, the perovskite blocks [Sr8-xBi2Ca3+xO16] are shifted from each other 1/2 of both ap and √2ap along [100]p and [110]p, respectively. In the double rows, two trivalent bismuth atoms are placed, forming dimeric anion complexes [Bi2O6].6- The oxygen atoms around bismuth in these dimers are placed in the vertexes of a distorted trigonal bipyramid, with one vacant position that would be occupied by the lone pairs characteristic for the electronic configuration of Bi(III). The B sites in the perovskite blocks are occupied by pentavalent bismuth atoms and calcium atoms; the remaining Sr and Ca ions occupy the A sites of the perovskite blocks with coordination numbers with oxygen ranging from 10 to 12. The mean valence for Bi is +3.67 [33.3% of Bi(V) and 66.7% of Bi(III)]. The oxygen vacancies are located in the boundaries between domains having the two possible configurations of the perovskite subcell as in the anionic superconductor Bi3BaO5.5. The oxidation of Bi6Sr8-xCa3+xO22 at 650 °C allows the complete filling of the oxygen vacancies to form the double perovskite (Sr2-xCax)Bi1.4Ca0.6O6 that shows 92.5% of bismuth in +5 oxidation state. The experimental high-resolution electon microscopy image and the electron diffraction pattern of powder samples along the [010]* zone axis are in good agreement with those calculated from the structural model obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The material is almost free of defects and the occurrence of planar defects is very exceptional.
Critical current density and microstructure of melt-processed YBa2Cu3O with PtO2 additions (1994)

YBa2Cu3Ox (123) with excess Y2BaCuO5 (211) in the molar ratio of 5:1 (123/211) were processed using the SLMG (“solid-liquid melt growth”) technique. The effect of PtO2 on the microstructure and properties of samples with coarse (∼ 1–10 μm) and fine 211 precipitates (on the order of 100 nm) was studied. PtO2 leads to a decrease in the total volume of the coarser 211 precipitates and segregation of these 211 particles, forming “tracks” of the precipitates within a domain. Also, the morphology of the coarse 211 phase changed to a long acicular shape with PtO2 additions, as compared with approximately spherical particles in undoped samples. TEM studies revealed the presence of 211 particles of ∼ 100 nm size in both doped and undoped samples with a density of 1013 / cm2 along with the coarser 1–10 μm 211 particles. The defect density was found to be higher in the case of PtO2 doped samples. The intragrain Jc measured on powdered textured specimens was found to be enhanced by the PtO2 additions, especially at low temperatures, despite the fact that the coarser 211 precipitates were inhomogeneously distributed. Magnetization measurements on textured domains also showed an improvement of Jc(H‖c at 1 T) with PtO2 doping, corroborating the measurements on the powdered samples.
MiR27a Promotes the Development of Macrophage-like Characteristics in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes (2018)

Recruitment and polarization of classically activated (M1) macrophages within adipose tissue contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation in obesity. Adipose tissue precursor cells exhibit the capacity to develop macrophage-like characteristics and adipocyte-derived miR27a is known to promote reprogramming of somatic cells. It was unknown whether exogenous addition of miR27a promote the development of macrophage-like characteristics of adipose precursor cells. We examined macrophage surface antigen, phagocytosis and migration ability in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes transfected with miR27a mimics. Transfection of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with miR27a mimics increased phagocytosis and migration and increased the number of cells expressing the macrophage makers F4/80 and MHC compared to controls. M2 and CD206 macrophage markers were unaltered. In addition, transfection of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with miR27a mimics reduced PPARγ expression, activated NF-κB and promoted secretion of the inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-1β compared to controls. The level of anti-inflammatory factors Arg-1, IL-10, Ym1 and Fizz1 were unaltered. Secretion of miR27a was increased in conditioned medium prepared from palmitic acid-treated differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to controls. Incubation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with this conditioned medium increased phagocytosis and migration compared to controls. Finally, conditioned medium prepared from differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes transfection with miR27a inhibitors reduced phagocytosis and migration in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes compared to controls. The data indicate that PPARγ agonists may reverse the activation of NF-κB pathway mediated by miR27a overexpression and reduce phagocytosis and migration of adipose precursor cells. In addition, miR27a may promote the development of macrophage-like characteristics in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
Laser Fusion Propulsion using Extreme CPA-Laser Pulses for Boron Fusion (2020)

As first disclosed by Project Daedalus, a very exciting approach for extensive space exploration uses Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) propulsion. Basically a small pellet of fusion fuel (with a diameter of a couple of millimeters) would be ignited by an electron beam or a laser. To produce a directed thrust, a magnetic field was employed to form the pusher plate. In principle, an aneutronic fusion reaction such as p-B11 could be used to maximize the energy in charged particles and to minimize radiation hazards. However due to the increased laser energy supposedly needed, most prior design studies like this have focused on DT fusion. For example, in the 1980s, LLNL and NASA studied an ICF-powered "Vehicle for Interplanetary Transport Applications" (VISTA). The conical VISTA spacecraft could deliver a hundred-tonne payload to Mars orbit and return to Earth in 130 days, or to Jupiter orbit and back in 403 days. Forty-one tonnes of deuterium/tritium (DT) fusion fuel was required, plus 4,124 tonnes of hydrogen expellant. The exhaust velocity obtained was 157 km/s. In the present study we propose a way to use p-B11 fusion to significantly improve this performance and essentially eliminate the associated radiological hazards.
Supplementary Figures from Integrated Genomic Characterization of the Human Immunome in Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1-10. Figure-S1. Immune score prediction of response to PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade; Figure-S2. Immune mutation burden in cancer; Figure-S3. Transcriptome alteration of immunome in cancer; Figure-S4. Enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in immunological gene signatures; Figure-S5. Immune infiltration score in cancer; Figure-S6. Candidate immune responder genes in cancer; Figure-S7. The ROC curves for different signatures in two datasets; Figure-S8. Barplots showing the AUCs of different signatures across 17 datasets; Figure-S9. CNV alteration and QTL of immune-related genes; Figure-S10. QTLs of immune-related genes across cancer types.&lt;/p&gt;
Structures of two indolactams (1993)

The crystal structures of two indolactam congeners have been solved. C 14 H 17 N 3 O 2 , 1,2,4,5,6,8-hexahydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[4,3,2gh]-1,4-benzodiazonin-3-one (indolactam-G), M r = 259.31, monoclinic, P2 1 /c, a=16.48 (2), b= 6.399 (3), c=13.88 (1) A, β=113.50 (8) o , V= 1342.2 A 3 , Z=4, D x =1.28 Mg m -3 , λ(Cu Kα)= 1.54184 A, μ=0.678 mm -1 , F(000)=552, T= 300 K, R=0.054 for 1938 observed reflections
3,4,5‐Trimethoxy Substitution on an N‐DMBI Dopant with New N‐Type Polymers: Polymer‐Dopant Matching for Improved Conductivity‐Seebeck Coefficient Relationship (2021)

Achieving high electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power factor simultaneously for n-type organic thermoelectrics is still challenging. By constructing two new acceptor-acceptor n-type conjugated polymers with different backbones and introducing the 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl group to form the new n-type dopant 1,3-dimethyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (TP-DMBI), high electrical conductivity of 11 S cm<sup>-1</sup> and power factor of 32 μW m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-2</sup> are achieved. Calculations using Density Functional Theory show that TP-DMBI presents a higher singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) energy level of -1.94 eV than that of the common dopant 4-(1, 3-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl) phenyl) dimethylamine (N-DMBI) (-2.36 eV), which can result in a larger offset between the SOMO of dopant and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of n-type polymers, though that effect may not be dominant in the present work. The doped polymer films exhibit higher Seebeck coefficient and power factor than films using N-DMBI at the same doping levels or similar electrical conductivity levels. Moreover, TP-DMBI doped polymer films offer much higher electron mobility of up to 0.53 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> than films with N-DMBI doping, demonstrating the potential of TP-DMBI, and 3,4,5-trialkoxy DMBIs more broadly, for high performance n-type organic thermoelectrics.