gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Versus Static Frictional Torque Components in Threaded Fastener Applications (2006)

This paper investigates the kinetic and static frictional torque components in threaded fasteners during the initial fastener tightening, subsequent torque audit, as well as during the loosening of previously tightened bolts. In less critical applications, the peak kinetic torque value is often used for predicting the bolt preload. The peak value of the tightening torque and its frictional components are mainly determined by the kinetic friction coefficients between the engaged threads and between the rotating nut (or head) and the joint surface. During subsequent quality inspection of the joint after its initial assembly, an audit residual torque value (in the tightening direction) is often used for predicting the residual fastener tension and joint clamp load, as well as for predicting the stability of the clamp load. In contrast with the peak kinetic torque, the audit torque and its thread and under head/nut frictional components are mainly determined by the static friction coefficients. In some cases, the careful application of a breakaway torque in the loosening direction (loosening torque) may be used as a measure for the residual clamp load; similar to the quality audit torque, the loosening torque is determined by the static friction coefficients of the bolted system. An experimental procedure and test set up are proposed to investigate the effect underhead contact radius, thread pitch, surface coating, and fastener head versus nut side tightening on the static and kinetic frictional torque components.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a Biometric Iris Verification System (2015)

This paper describes an iris verification project focused on design and performance evaluation under both matched and mismatched training and testing conditions. Training is always performed on clean iris images. Testing is performed on both clean and noisy iris images. This project is part of a senior undergraduate course on biometric systems. In implementing an iris recognition system, students go through each step, namely, preprocessing, feature extraction, classification (training and use in rendering a decision) and performance evaluation. The Chinese Academy of Sciences - Institute of Automation(CASIA) eye image database known as the CASIA-Iris-Interval-v3 database is used to show students that robustness to mismatched training and testing conditions is a significant practical issue.
Preliminary investigation of a mixed inductive-piezoelectric energy harvester from human walking (2017)

Recent progress in low power electronics, sensors and transmitters, as well as suitable electronics for power harvesting, makes autonomous devices a concrete possibility. Environmental and human motion mechanical vibration sources have gained much attention as potential sources of energy. In this paper preliminary results from investigation of a simple mixed inductive-piezoelectric energy harvester from human walking are presented. The paper mainly focuses on the architecture of the harvester and on the analysis of the voltage signals generated by the inductive harvester. Preliminary tests aimed at investigating the proposed mechanism were performed by using the harvester device worn by different users to collect energy during human motion at different speed.
Subsea Rotating Control Head Shop Testing - A Key Step to Assure Subsea Reliability (2004)

Several deepwater drilling-related and environmental issues have dictated a need for the development of a Subsea Rotating Control Head (RCH). Such a tool may also be referred to as a Subsea Rotating Control Diverter. It’s purpose is to effect more precise pressure management by enabling annulus returns containment, diversion, and/or backpressure to be applied on the wellbore in a subsea environment.Practical applications of such a tool generally fit within the IADC definition of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) and include:Alternatative technology to current industry practice of Pumping and Dumping sometimes huge quantities of a heavy viscous mud to the seafloor as a means of overbalancing relatively shallow-to-the-mudline geohazards (abnormally pressured aquifers, gas) when establishing subsea top holes, drilling without a marine riser.For the practice of dual gradient riserless drilling where mud and cuttings may be returned to the rig, this were a subsea RCH diverts returns to a subsea pump.For cost effective riserless drilled exploratory
A cross‐sectional follow‐up study of physical activity in adults with moderate and severe haemophilia (2023)

Self-reported PA throughout the pandemic was variable, whilst there were no significant differences in objectively measured PA between assessment periods, despite reports of increased self-awareness and desires to be physically active at follow-up. Further qualitative research is needed to design personalised PA and health interventions, capturing perspectives of patients, their families, and multi-disciplinary haemophilia healthcare providers.
HF radar ship detection and tracking using WERA system (2007)

High frequency (HF) radars are capable to detect and track targets at extremely long ranges. The signal environment that includes external noise, different kinds of clutter and interference will significantly limit the detection performance and system capability. This paper considers a new approach to solve the ship detection and tracking problem in a complex HF radar signal environment. It uses a conventional constant false-alarm-rate (CFAR) detection procedure but the thresholding scheme is based on regression analysis of power spectrum values along range and Doppler cells. The ship tracking scheme includes the model in polar coordinates that uses tracking state vector consisted of range, azimuth and velocities and fixed-coefficient filter parameters to get smoothed tracks. The proposed detection and tracking schemes have been tested using real HF radar data from WERA system. (5 pages)
Active suppression of interleukin 2 secretion in mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei AnTat 1.1. E (1986)

Impairment of T cell proliferation in mice infected with the pleomorphic Trypanosoma brucei AnTat 1.1 E clone was found not to be related to a depletion of T cells or to an absence of functional accessory cells, but rather to an active suppression of interleukin 2 (IL-2) production. Lymph node cells derived from infected mice failed to produce IL-2 following Con A stimulation, whereas an exogenous supply of recombinant IL-2 could restore the impairment of the mitogen (Con A)-induced proliferative responses. Furthermore, lymph node cells derived from infected mice suppressed both secondary T-cell proliferative responses and IL-2 secretion, indicating that the trypanosome-induced suppression is mediated by a suppressive cell which interferes at the level of IL-2 secretion.
Response of heterograft heart valve biomaterials to moderate cyclic loading (2004)

We have recently demonstrated that noncalcific tissue damage can lead to significant collagen degradation in clinically explanted bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs). In the present study we quantified the early response of glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericardium (GLBP) to cyclic tensile loading to begin to elucidate the mechanisms of noncalcific tissue degeneration in BHV biomaterials. GLBP specimens were cycled at 30 Hz to a maximum uniaxial strain of 16% (corresponding to approximately 1-MPa peak stress), with the loading direction parallel to the preferred collagen fiber (PD) direction. After 30 x 10(6) cycles, specimens were subjected to biaxial mechanical testing, then cycled until 65 x 10(6) cycles. The results indicated a permanent change in the unloaded tissue dimensions of +7.1% strain in the PD direction and -7.7% strain in the cross fiber direction (XD) after 65 x 10(6) cycles and an increase of the collagen crimp period from 40.6 to 45.2 microm by 65 x 10(6) cycles (p = 0.05). Fourier transform IR spectroscopy analysis indicated that cyclic fatigue of GLBP leads to both collagen conformational changes and early denaturation. Furthermore, no significant changes in areal strain were found under 1-MPa equibiaxial stress, indicating that cyclic loading changed the collagen fiber orientation but not the overall tissue compliance. These observations suggest that while deterioration of collagen begins immediately, fiber straightening and reorientation dominates the changes in the mechanical behavior up to 65 x 10(6) cycles. The present study underscores the complexity of the response of biologically derived biomaterials to cyclic mechanical loading. Improved understanding of these phenomena can potentially guide the development of novel chemical treatment methods that seek to improve BHV durability by minimizing these degenerative processes.
Amorphous Sn–Ga–Zn–O channel thin‐film transistors (2008)

Abstract Transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOS) such as a‐InGaZnO 4 are expected to be applied for channels of low‐temperature high‐mobility thin‐film transistors (TFTs). This paper presents the fabrication and characteristics of amorphous Sn–Ga–Zn–O (a‐SGZO) channel TFTs. Bottom‐gate TFTs were fabricated using as‐deposited and annealed a‐SGZO channels on a‐SiO 2 /n + ‐Si wafers. Contrary to a‐InGaZnO 4 channel TFTs, the device performances of the as‐deposited channel TFTs were very poor, e.g., on‐currents ( I on ) were &lt;10 –7 A and on/off current ratios ( R on/off ) were &lt;10 1 . The TFTs using channels annealed at 500 °C showed good performances such as I on &gt; 10 –5 A, R on/off &gt; 10 6 and μ sat ∼ 1.8 cm 2 V –1 s –1 . Optical measurements indicate that the improvement is accompanied by a reduction of the density of subgap states. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CD16+NKG2Ahigh Natural Killer Cells Infiltrate Breast Cancer–Draining Lymph Nodes (2018)

Tumor-draining lymph nodes (TD-LNs) are the first site of metastasis of breast cancer. Natural killer (NK) cells that infiltrate TD-LNs [including noninvaded (NI) or metastatic (M)-LNs from breast cancer patients] and NK cells from healthy donor (HD)-LNs were characterized, and their phenotype analyzed by flow cytometry. Low percentages of tumor cells invaded M-LNs, and these cells expressed ULBP2 and HLA class I molecules. Although NK cells from paired NI and M-LNs were similar, they expressed different markers compared with HD-LN NK cells. Compared with HD-LNs, TD-LN NK cells expressed activating DNAM-1, NKG2C and inhibitory NKG2A receptors, and exhibited elevated CXCR3 expression. CD16, NKG2A, and NKp46 expression were shown to be increased in stage IIIA breast cancer patients. TD-LNs contained a large proportion of activated CD56<sup>bright</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup> NK cells with high expression of NKG2A. We also showed that a subset of LN NK cells expressed PD-1, expression of which was correlated with NKp30 and NKG2C expression. LN NK cell activation status was evaluated by degranulation potential and lytic capacity toward breast cancer cells. NK cells from TD-LNs degranulated after coculture with breast cancer cell lines. Cytokine-activated TD-LN NK cells exerted greater lysis of breast cancer cell lines than HD-LN NK cells and preferentially lysed the HLA class I<sup>low</sup> MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. TD-LNs from breast cancer patients, thus, contained activated lytic NK cells. The expression of inhibitory receptor NKG2A and checkpoint PD-1 by NK cells infiltrating breast cancer-draining LNs supports their potential as targets for immunotherapies using anti-NKG2A and/or anti-PD-1.
Probabilistic Neural Network to Quantify Uncertainty of Wind Power Estimation (2021)

Each year a growing number of wind farms are being added to power grids to generate electricity. The power curve of a wind turbine, which exhibits the relationship between generated power and wind speed, plays a major role in assessing the performance of a wind farm. Neural networks have been used for power curve estimation. However, they do not produce a confidence measure for their output, unless computationally prohibitive Bayesian methods are used. In this paper, a probabilistic neural network with Monte Carlo dropout is considered to quantify the model (epistemic) uncertainty of the power curve estimation. This approach offers a minimal increase in computational complexity over deterministic approaches. Furthermore, by incorporating a probabilistic loss function, the noise or aleatoric uncertainty in the data is estimated. The developed network captures both model and noise uncertainty which is found to be useful tools in assessing performance. Also, the developed network is compared with existing ones across a public domain dataset showing superior performance in terms of prediction accuracy.
SPECTRAL SIGNATURES OF ACETONE VAPOR FROM ULTRAVIOLET TO MILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS (2009)

This paper presents comparative analysis of different wavelength ranges for the spectroscopic detection of acetone vapor. We collected and analyzed original absorption line spectra arising from electronic transitions in the ultraviolet, near-infrared vibrational overtones, mid-infrared fundamentals, THz torsional modes, and mm-wave rotational transitions. Peak absorption cross sections of prominent spectral features are determined. The relative merit of each spectral range for sensing is considered, taking into account the absorption strength, available technology, and possible interferences.
Periplasmic biomineralization for semi-artificial photosynthesis (2023)

Semiconductor-based biointerfaces are typically established either on the surface of the plasma membrane or within the cytoplasm. In Gram-negative bacteria, the periplasmic space, characterized by its confinement and the presence of numerous enzymes and peptidoglycans, offers additional opportunities for biomineralization, allowing for nongenetic modulation interfaces. We demonstrate semiconductor nanocluster precipitation containing single- and multiple-metal elements within the periplasm, as observed through various electron- and x-ray-based imaging techniques. The periplasmic semiconductors are metastable and display defect-dominant fluorescent properties. Unexpectedly, the defect-rich (i.e., the low-grade) semiconductor nanoclusters produced in situ can still increase adenosine triphosphate levels and malate production when coupled with photosensitization. We expand the sustainability levels of the biohybrid system to include reducing heavy metals at the primary level, building living bioreactors at the secondary level, and creating semi-artificial photosynthesis at the tertiary level. The biomineralization-enabled periplasmic biohybrids have the potential to serve as defect-tolerant platforms for diverse sustainable applications.
Condensate-Banking Removal and Gas-Production Enhancement Using Thermochemical Injection: A Field-Scale Simulation (2020)

Condensate-liquid accumulation in the vicinity of a well is known to curtail gas production up to 80%. Numerous approaches are employed to mitigate condensate banking and improve gas productivity. In this work, a field-scale simulation is presented for condensate damage removal in tight reservoirs using a thermochemical treatment strategy where heat and pressure are generated in situ. The impact of thermochemical injection on the gas recovery is also elucidated. A compositional simulator was utilized to assess the effectiveness of the suggested treatment on reducing the condensate damage and, thereby, improve the gas recovery. Compared to the base case, represented by an industry-standard gas injection strategy, simulation studies suggest a significantly improved hydrocarbon recovery performance upon thermochemical treatment of the near-wellbore zone. For the scenarios investigated, the application of thermochemicals allowed for an extension of the production plateau from 104 days, as determined for the reference gas injection case, to 683 days. This represents a 6.5-fold increase in production plateau time, boosting gas recovery from 25 to 89%. The improved recovery is attributed to the reduction of both capillary pressure and condensate viscosity. The presented work is crucial for designing and implementing thermochemical treatments in tight-gas reservoirs.
A nonlinear optoelectronic filter for electronic signal processing (2014)

The conversion of electrical signals into modulated optical waves and back into electrical signals provides the capacity for low-loss radio-frequency (RF) signal transfer over optical fiber. Here, we show that the unique properties of this microwave-photonic link also enable the manipulation of RF signals beyond what is possible in conventional systems. We achieve these capabilities by realizing a novel nonlinear filter, which acts to suppress a stronger RF signal in the presence of a weaker signal independent of their separation in frequency. Using this filter, we demonstrate a relative suppression of 56 dB for a stronger signal having a 1-GHz center frequency, uncovering the presence of otherwise undetectable weaker signals located as close as 3.5 Hz away. The capabilities of the optoelectronic filter break the conventional limits of signal detection, opening up new possibilities for radar and communication systems, and for the field of precision frequency metrology.
Spi-C, a Novel Ets Protein That Is Temporally Regulated during B Lymphocyte Development (1999)

A novel Ets protein was isolated by yeast one-hybrid screening of a cDNA library made from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse splenic B cells, using the SP6 kappa promoter kappaY element as a bait. The novel Ets protein was most closely related to PU.1 and Spi-B within the DNA binding Ets domain and was therefore named Spi-C. However, Spi-C may represent a novel subgroup within the Ets protein family, as it differed significantly from Spi-B and PU.1 within helix 1 of the Ets domain. Spi-C was encoded by a single-copy gene that was mapped to chromosome 10, region C. Spi-C interacted with DNA similarly to PU.1 as judged by methylation interference, band-shift and site selection analysis, and activated transcription of a kappaY element reporter gene upon co-transfection of HeLa cells. Spi-C RNA was expressed in mature B lymphocytes and at lower levels in macrophages. Furthermore, pre-B cell and plasma cell lines were Spi-C-negative, suggesting that Spi-C might be a regulatory molecule during a specific phase of B lymphoid development.
Magadiite/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites for tire tread applications: Effects of varying layer spacing and alternate inorganic fillers (2017)

ABSTRACT Magadiite (MGD), a synthetic layered silicate (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 ·9H 2 O) with surface chemistry similar to precipitated silica, was cation‐exchanged with three different organic cations to explore the effect of varying MGD layer spacing on the mechanical properties of MGD‐based styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. This work also compares the mechanical properties of MGD/SBR composites with those formulated with montmorillonite (MMT) and precipitated silica. Dodecylpyridinium (DP + ) produces greater expansion of MGD layers than cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA + ); the resulting DP‐MGD/SBR composites have greater yield strain, toughness, and rubbery storage modulus than comparable CTA‐MGD/SBR composites. MGD treated with hexadecylammonium (HDA + ) has the greatest layer spacing, but the HDA‐MGD layers collapse upon melt‐blending with SBR. CTA‐treated MMT (CMMT) exfoliates in aqueous suspension, but the platelets re‐stack upon drying and during melt‐blending with SBR. The presence of exfoliated and/or disordered platelet stacks in CMMT/SBR probably accounts for its higher tensile and dynamic moduli compared to MGD‐ and silica‐based SBR composites. Dynamic mechanical properties are used to predict tire tread performance metrics for these composites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 44764.
Human Case ofStreptococcus suisDisease, Ontario, Canada (2017)

We report a case of Streptococcus suis human disease in Ontario, Canada, caused by a serotype 2 strain genotypically similar to those commonly isolated from pigs in North America. Initially, the isolate was misidentified as a viridans group Streptococcus. Human S. suis infections may be underdiagnosed in North America.
The Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis(4-Aryloxy-3-Nitrophenyl) Sulfones (1987)

Abstract Ten bis(4-aryloxy-3-nitrophenyl) sulfones were synthesized via a phase-transfer catalyzed, nucleophilic displacement reaction involving phenoxides and bis(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) sulfone.
Design Considerations for Power Delivery Network and Metal-Insulator-Metal Capacitor Integration in Bridge-Chips for 2.5-D Heterogeneous Integration (2023)

We investigate design trade-offs in the power de-livery network (PDN) of bridge-chip based 2.5-D heterogeneous platforms. We demonstrate that including the PDN in the bridge-chip can reduce DC- IR drop up to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 23 %, lower Ldi/dt noise up to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 19 %, and reduce the high-frequency ripple by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt; 3\times$</tex> compared to the baseline case of no PDN in the bridge-chip. We also evaluate the impact of bridge-chip sizing on the on-die maximum transient power supply noise (PSN). 2.5-D designs with both smaller- and larger-width bridge-chips could benefit from decoupling capacitors placed closer to the on-die PDN. We propose the inclusion of these decoupling capacitors within the bridge-chip in the form of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors and evaluate the trade-off between bridge-chip size and MIM capacitor density. In our CPU and FPGA case study, the maximum transient PSN can be reduced from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 19% of VDD to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 13.5% of VDD for the CPU ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 15% of VDD to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim$</tex> 9.1% of VDD for FPGA) by including a PDN and MIM decoupling capacitors in the bridge-chip, with a MIM density of 10 nF/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and a bridge-chip width of 4.5 mm.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Caveolin Gene Expression Predicts Clinical Outcomes for Early-Stage HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy in the GeparSepto Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. CAV1 and CAV2 before (A, C) and after (B, D) transformation of the continuous expression values.&lt;/p&gt;
Improving Slot Filling Performance with Attentive Neural Networks on Dependency Structures (2017)

Slot Filling (SF) aims to extract the values of certain types of attributes (or slots, such as person:cities\_of\_residence) for a given entity from a large collection of source documents. In this paper we propose an effective DNN architecture for SF with the following new strategies: (1). Take a regularized dependency graph instead of a raw sentence as input to DNN, to compress the wide contexts between query and candidate filler; (2). Incorporate two attention mechanisms: local attention learned from query and candidate filler, and global attention learned from external knowledge bases, to guide the model to better select indicative contexts to determine slot type. Experiments show that this framework outperforms state-of-the-art on both relation extraction (16\% absolute F-score gain) and slot filling validation for each individual system (up to 8.5\% absolute F-score gain).