gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraocular robotic interventional surgical system (IRISS): Semi‐automated OCT‐guided cataract removal (2018)

Background With the development of laser-assisted platforms, the outcomes of cataract surgery have been improved by automating several procedures. The cataract-extraction step continues to be manually performed, but due to deficiencies in sensing capabilities, surgical complications such as posterior capsule rupture and incomplete cataract removal remain. Methods An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is integrated into our intraocular robotic interventional surgical system (IRISS) robot. The OCT images are used for preoperative planning and intraoperative intervention in a series of automated procedures. Real-time intervention allows surgeons to evaluate the progress and override the operation. Results The developed system was validated by performing lens extraction on 30 postmortem pig eyes. Complete lens extraction was achieved on 25 eyes, and “almost complete” extraction was achieved on the remainder due to an inability to image small lens particles behind the iris. No capsule rupture was found. Conclusion The IRISS successfully demonstrated semiautomated OCT-guided lens removal with real-time supervision and intervention.
Emerging role of extracellular vesicles as a senescence-associated secretory phenotype: Insights into the pathophysiology of lung diseases (2017)

Aging is a major risk factor for the development of chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancer. A main aspect of aging is the impaired function of maintaining homeostasis in the organs and body, which is associated with cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is recognized as the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest in response to a variety of cellular stresses. Senescent cells are not simply cell cycle-arrested cells; they also affect bystander cells through the secretion of bioactive molecules, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Many studies strongly indicate that senescent cells in the lungs are associated with the pathogenesis of age-related lung diseases by releasing SASP factors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are released from almost all cell types and are recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. They have been shown to carry and transfer a wide variety of molecules, such as microRNAs, messenger RNAs, DNA, and proteins, which can contribute to physiological functions and the pathology of various diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that EVs secreted from senescent cells have unique characteristics and contribute to modulating the phenotype of recipient cells similar to SASP factors. Thus, the EVs secreted from senescent cells, namely, senescence-associated EVs, appear to be a novel SASP factor. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge linking senescence-associated EVs to the SASP factor and discuss the roles of these EVs in age-related lung diseases.
Modelling the economic and clinical burden of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis in East Asia: Data from Hong Kong (2020)

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis will contribute to a significant clinical and economic burden in Hong Kong over the next two decades. Due to the limited number of donors and small number of liver transplants undertaken annually, patients with advanced liver disease due to NASH in Hong Kong are more likely to die from NASH than their counterparts in North America and Europe. Thus, rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly adults in Hong Kong make NASH an important consideration for clinicians and policy makers.
LSA and Information Retrieval: Getting Back to Basics (2007)

Latent semantic analysis (LSA) was first introduced in Dumais, Furnas,
Landauer, Deerwester, and Harshman (1988) and Deerwester, Dumais,
Furnas, Landauer, and Harshman (1990) as a technique for improving information retrieval. Most web, enterprise, and desktop search engines
work by matching words in a user’s query with words in documents. Information retrieval systems that depend on lexical matching suffer from two
problems. First, because the same literal word can have many different
meanings, irrelevant information is retrieved when searching. Second, because there are different ways to describe the same object or concept, relevant information can be missed. LSA was designed to address these
fundamental retrieval problems. The key idea in LSAwas to use dimension
reduction techniques to map documents and terms into a lower dimensional semantic space.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonds Between Main Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 55. Alkyne Coordination to Organo‐Rhenium Oxides with Rhenium in High Oxidation States. (1988)

Abstract The oxygen‐abstracting effect of polymer‐bound triphenylphosphine can be exploited for the production of the alkyne‐Re(V) complexes (III) from the Re(VII) oxide (I) as shown in the scheme.
Reliability of low current filamentary HfO2 RRAM discussed in the framework of the hourglass SET/RESET model (2012)

We review our recent work on modeling of low current filamentary switching in amorphous HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> RRAM. The conduction is controlled by the width of the constriction, determining the electron transmission. The set and reset processes are modeled as a dynamic flow between two oxygen vacancy reservoirs connected by a narrow constriction. Reset is described as a dynamic balance between an upward and downward vacancy flow, while the set process is modeled as an unbalanced filament growth bounded by the external compliance. In the framework of this model, we discuss the intrinsic instabilities of narrow filamentary conduction that give rise to a series of reliability issue such as disturb and endurance. We explore some possible routes for improving the reliability.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aziridination of Cyclic Enones Using Chiral Diamine Catalysts and Its Application to the Total Synthesis of (—)‐Agelastatin A. (2012)

Abstract The reaction is applied to five‐ to seven‐membered cycloalkenones to afford the desired aziridines with excellent enantioselectivities.
Abstract A010: A novel DNA vaccine targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) breaks tolerance and synergizes with anticancer immune therapy in mice (2016)

Abstract Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a membrane-bound enzyme with gelatinase and peptidase activity that is up-regulated in cancer-associated fibroblasts in over 90% of human carcinomas. Previous studies have shown that ablation of FAP-expressing cells from transgenic mice attenuates tumor growth and synergizes with other immune therapies such as immune checkpoint blockade. Groups have additionally shown that T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors targeting FAP slow tumor progression; however, in some mouse strains these CARs cause lethal toxicity. There is therefore a need to develop safer therapies targeting FAP. In this study we designed a novel consensus-based FAP DNA vaccine to help break tolerance. We hypothesized that this FAP vaccine could break tolerance and synergize with other immunotherapies to induce anti-tumor immunity without causing overt toxicity. Upon delivery of our FAP DNA vaccine intramuscularly followed by electroporation (EP), we detected IFN-γ and TNF-α CD8 T cell responses (p&amp;lt;0.05), and TNF-α CD4 responses (p&amp;lt;0.05) against native mouse FAP peptides, indicating that our vaccine is capable of breaking tolerance. Furthermore, we detected cytotoxic CD107a/IFNγ/T-bet triple-positive CD8 T cells that are reactive to native FAP peptides (p&amp;lt;0.05). In a prostate cancer model, vaccination with FAP alone or the prostate cancer antigen PSMA alone did not significantly alter tumor growth. However, vaccination with a combination of FAP and PSMA significantly attenuated tumor growth (p&amp;lt;0.0005), with final tumor volumes that were approximately 9 times smaller than tumors in naïve mice. Thus, our results support the use of FAP vaccines to target the tumor microenvironment in combination with immune therapies targeting the tumor cells themselves. We are investigating additional combination therapies with our FAP vaccine to modulate tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and to broaden responses to additional tumor antigens. Citation Format: Elizabeth Duperret, Dylan Ammons, Megan C. Wise, Jian Yan, Laurent M. Humeau, David B. Weiner. A novel DNA vaccine targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) breaks tolerance and synergizes with anticancer immune therapy in mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; 2016 Sept 25-28; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A010.
Next generation hybrid wireless-optical access with TWDM-PON (2014)

This paper reviews the latest progress in ITU-T standards on high-speed access networks. We focus on the employment of the time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (TWDM-PON) for the next generation wireline and wireless broadband services. Several applications with TWDM-PON are proposed. We investigate the proposal by developing a prototype system to test the physical layer capability and network service provisioning. Test results demonstrate salient features of employing TWDM-PON to provide broadband access for residential, business, wireless backhaul and fronthaul.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of Organic Compounds with Rare‐Earth Intermetallics Containing Absorbed Hydrogen. (1988)

Abstract The alkenes (I) and (III), the acetylenes (VI), and the carbonyl compounds (VIII) are hydrogenated with the intermetallic hydride LaNi 5 H 6 to yield the saturated hydrocarbons (II) and (VII), the partly hydrogenated derivative (IV), or the alcohols (IX).
Aromatic and rigid rod polyelectrolytes based on sulfonated poly(benzobisthiazoles) (1996)

Aromatic polyelectrolytes based on sulfonated poly(benzobisthiazoles) (PBTs) have been synthesized by a polycondensation reaction of sulfo-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acids with 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride (DABDT) in freshly prepared polyphosphoric acid (PPA). Several sulfonated PBTs, poly[(benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole-2,6-diyl)-2-sulfo-1,4-phenylene] sodium salt (p-sulfo PBT), poly[(benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole-2,6-diyl)-5-sulfo-1,3-phenylene] sodium salt (m-sulfo PBT), their copolymers, and poly[(benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole-2,6-diyl)-4,6-disulfo-1,3-phenylene] potassium salt (m-disulfo PBT), have been targeted and the polymers obtained characterized by 13C-NMR, FT-IR, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, and solution viscosity measurements. Structural analyses confirm the structures of p-sulfo PBT and m-disulfo PBT, but suggest that the sulfonate is cleaved from the chain during synthesis of m-sulfo PBT. m-Disulfo PBT dissolves in water as well as strong acids, while p-sulfo PBT dissolves well in strong acids, certain solvent mixtures containing strong acids, and hot DMSO. TGA indicates that these sulfonated PBTs are thermally stable to over 500°C. Free-standing films of p-sulfo PBT, cast from dilute neutral DMSO solutions, are transparent, tough, and orange in color. Films cast from basic DMSO are also free standing, while being opaque and yellow-green. p-Sulfo PBT was incorporated as the dopant ion in polypyrrole, producing conductive films with conductivities as high as 3 S/cm and electrical anisotropies as high as 10. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A pilot study of symptom profiles from a polyp vs an eosinophilic‐based classification of chronic rhinosinusitis (2015)

Subclassifying CRS with symptoms alone is difficult with neither polyp status nor eosinophilia giving a distinctive clinical symptom profile. However, certain symptoms may help otolaryngologists identify CRS subtypes, which may help guide future treatments. Further validation and evaluation of prognosis following treatment is required to evaluate appropriate means of subclassifying CRS.
Pathogenic effect of interleukin-17A in induction of Sjögren's syndrome-like disease using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer (2010)

Induction of SS pathology by IL-17A in SS-non-susceptible mice strongly suggests that IL-17A is an important inflammatory cytokine in salivary gland dysfunction. Thus, localized anti-IL17 therapy may be effective in preventing glandular dysfunction.
Marshall and Warren Lecture 2009: Peptic Ulcer Bleeding: An expedition of 20 years from 1989–2009 (2009)

Peptic ulcer bleeding is one of the most common medical emergencies leading to substantial mortality and morbidity. The last two decades has witnessed some important advances in the management of this condition, and some of these are results from clinical trials conducted in the Asia Pacific region. The optimal use of combined endoscopic hemostasis and the use of pharmacologic control of acid secretion in the stomach have significantly improved clinical outcome. The role of surgery has been redefined. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and prophylactic treatment in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and anti-platelet users have made progress in preventing recurrence of peptic ulcer and bleeding. Instead of merely focusing on safety in the gastrointestinal tract, striking a balance between risk and benefit of continuing anti-platelet agents should be a top agenda.
The global fatty liver disease Sustainable Development Goal country score for 195 countries and territories (2023)

The fatty liver disease-SDG score provides a strategic advocacy tool at the national and global levels for the liver health field and noncommunicable disease advocates, highlighting the multisectoral collaborations needed to address fatty liver disease, and noncommunicable diseases overall.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Nα-(4-Amino-4-deoxy-10-methylpteroyl)-dl-4,4-difluoroornithine (1996)

N alpha-(4-Amino-4-deoxy-10-methylpteroyl)-DL-4,4-difluoroornithi ne (AMPte-DL-4,4-F2Orn, 4) was synthesized and evaluated as an inhibitor of human folypoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase (FPGS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and cell growth. Synthesis of 4 involved the use of a protected form of DL-4,4-difluoroornithine 9 which was derived from DL-4,4-difluoroglutamic acid. Biological activities of 4 were compared directly to those of the corresponding nonfluorinated compound N alpha-(4-amino-4-deoxy-10-methylpteroyl)-L-ornithine (AMPte-L-Orn, 3). Although the fluorinated analogue is a potent inhibitor of DHFR, it is a poor inhibitor of FPGS. However, the compound is transported across the cell membrane and inhibits cell growth, presumably due to the inhibition of DHFR. The data obtained with the fluorinated analogue are in contrast to those of the corresponding nonfluorinated compound 3, which is a potent inhibitor of both FPGS and DHFR but shows very low cytotoxicity due to poor transport.
Extreme mask corrections: technology and benefits (2008)

We establish criteria to recognize extreme OPC corrections and discuss their difference from the traditional corrections. Then we present new proximity correction methods for rigorous bi- and tri- tone mask optimization that cast problem as a constraint minimization over the space of piecewise constant or continuous functions. The primary optimization objective is stated as a contour integral over the target. The constraints on image amplitude form convex functionals for dark areas and non-convex functionals for bright areas. A Lagrangian of this constrained problem is minimized. This delivers extreme, aggressive mask corrections, which are not confined by the fragmentation schema or the orientation of its sites. We analyze performance of these corrections under challenging process conditions and evaluate fidelity benefits.
Minimally Invasive Resection of a Spinal Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma (2005)

Objective and ImportanceMinimally invasive techniques for spinal surgery are rapidly evolving. We present a rare case of a symptomatic spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma that was treated using minimally invasive surgical techniques. The pathophysiology, radiology, and histology of epidural cavernous hemangiomas are reviewed. The advantages and pitfalls of minimally invasive spinal surgery techniques are discussed.Clinical PresentationA 45 year-old woman presented with a four-year history of right leg weakness and difficulty with ambulation. MRI examination of the lumbar spine revealed an epidural mass.InterventionThe patient elected to undergo a minimally invasive, microendoscopic resection of the lesion. The MetRxTM (Medtronic, Memphis, TN) dilator system was employed to gain access to the L2 lamina. A hemilaminectomy and resection of the lesion was accomplished without complication.ConclusionSpinal epidural masses, in this case a cavernous hemangioma, can be safely and effectively treated with minimally invasive techniques. With decreased soft tissue injury, minimal blood loss, and shortened operative time, minimally invasive techniques should be considered when resecting epidural masses.
Brownian motion of skyrmion bubbles and its control by voltage applications (2019)

Magnetic skyrmions are expected to be promising candidates for information carriers in spintronic devices. In previous work, precise position control of skyrmions has been the main focus of attention for memory and logic applications. Here, with the aim of employing the thermally activated random walk of skyrmion bubbles for logical operations, i.e., token-based Brownian computing, we investigated the dynamics of skyrmion bubbles in W/FeB/Ir/MgO structures. In addition to the observation of Brownian motion of skyrmion bubbles, we demonstrated the electrical control of the diffusion constant by voltage applications. The developed technique would be useful for various kinds of skyrmion-based spintronic devices as well as Brownian computing.
A Bidirectional DC-DC Converter—Analysis and Control Design (1991)

A system for DC-DC power conversion based on a buck-boost converter topology is presented which makes power flow in both directions possible. The possibility of bidirectional power flow is useful for certain applications, such as uninterruptable power supplies (UPS) etc. The structure is compared with the well known unidirectional buck-boost converter. Open-loop control is treated based on simulation using duty cycle averaging. The system behaviour of the bidirectional converter is analyzed; a structure diagram is given and the transfer function of the system is derived. The validity of the duty cycle averaging is proven by comparison to a switched model. The controller for the converter is then realized as simple voltage controller, as voltage controller with an inner-loop current controller (cascade control) and with two kinds of state space control. The transfer functions of the different system parts are derived and dimensioning guide-lines for the controller sections are presented. The closed-loop behaviours of the bidirectional converter for the different control structures are analyzed based on simulation using duty cycle averaging; Bode diagrams and step responses are shown for an example. Finally, applications of the analyzed system are discussed.
Purification of a pyrogen‐free human growth hormone antagonist (1995)

Human growth hormone (hGH) is a polypeptide with 191 amino acids and a molecular mass of 22 kilodaltons. With the aid of computer molecular simulation, an hGH analog was created by altering an hGH gene to reflect the change of one amino acid (glycine [G] 120 to arginine [R]) within the third alpha-helix of the hGH molecule. This hGH analog, named hGHG120R, was found to be an hGH antagonist. It may have important implications in treating human conditions in which hGH levels are abnormally high, as found in type I diabetics. Several hundred milligrams of purified hGHG120R were needed to determine the biological activity of the antagonist in animal models. A multistep downstream process was developed to purify hGHG120R from cultured mouse L cells transfected with the hGHG120R gene. The process consisted of cell clarification, salt precipitation, membrane ultrafiltration, reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, phase separation, and lyophiliation. This work discusses the rationale for the design of the process and experimental results on the purification of hGHG120R using the process. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Horizontal vs. Vertical Borehole-based Microseismic Monitoring: Which is Better? (2010)

Horizontal vs. Vertical Borehole-based Microseismic Monitoring: Which is Better? Shawn Maxwell; Shawn Maxwell Schlumberger Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Joel Le Calvez Joel Le Calvez Schlumberger Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, February 2010. Paper Number: SPE-131780-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/131780-MS Published: February 23 2010 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Maxwell, Shawn , and Joel Le Calvez. "Horizontal vs. Vertical Borehole-based Microseismic Monitoring: Which is Better?." Paper presented at the SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, February 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/131780-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Unconventional Resources Conference / Gas Technology Symposium Search Advanced Search Abstract Monitoring hydraulic fracture stimulations of horizontal well often results in potential monitoring scenarios of either the vertical section or horizontal section of neighbouring wells. Each configuration imposes different issues and challenges, and the relative pros and cons can be examined in a pre-acquisition design study. A specific geometry was examined for the potential quality of microseismic monitoring from a vertical well compared with a horizontal well. In scenarios where the horizontal well is relatively close to the horizontal treatment well, the horizontal array results in improved sensitivity to record more events and improved accuracy of in-zone microseismicity. Vertical arrays result in improved accuracy for both in-zone and out-of-zone microseismicity for regions of the treatment well close to the vertical well. The answer to which array is better depends on the specific geometry, the importance of monitoring the entire treatment well and the importance of accuracy for out-of-zone activity. Keywords: treatment well, incidence, location uncertainty, polarization analysis, velocity model, reservoir characterization, sensor orientation, vertical well, horizontal uncertainty, society of petroleum engineers Subjects: Hydraulic Fracturing, Reservoir Characterization, Seismic processing and interpretation Copyright 2010, Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.