gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal antibodies in urologic oncology (1987)

The sensitivity and specificity of immune reactions have long been recognized. However, since the description of the monoclonal antibody technique certain technical hurdles have been overcome. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology allows far more precise understanding of the humoral immune response by allowing dissection of this response into its individual B-lymphocyte populations. Furthermore, the ability to select and expand a particular B-cell clone allows for production of unlimited amounts of a pure antibody "reagent." Each of these reagents may be readily used as a "probe" for its respective antigenic determinant. Panels of these reagents may be used to probe complex biologic structures (e.g., neoplastic cells) and thereby "dissect" them at a molecular level. Murine mAbs are produced by hyperimmunizing a mouse with the antigen of interest. The spleen provides a rich source of B-lymphocytes. These normal B-lymphocytes are incapable of surviving in culture. However, mouse B-lymphocyte tumor cell lines (myelomas) have been previously immortalized in tissue culture. A hybridoma is formed by fusing the normal immunized B-cells with myeloma cells. The hybridoma combines the best features of its parent cells. The immunoglobulin product of each resulting clone is screened against a panel of antigens. This allows selection of those clones producing antibody to the desired antigens. The mAb may be used to purify and/or characterize its respective antigen including definition of the chromosomal site of its gene and factors involved in the regulation of its expression. A large number of mAbs have been produced against renal, bladder, and prostate cancer antigens. These mAbs are allowing a more precise, molecular subclassification of these cancers and providing improved predictability of the natural history of each patient's cancer. Evidence in experimental animals demonstrates that mAbs accumulate at the site of tumor and can lead to the destruction of tumor cells. These encouraging results have prompted clinical trials in patients with metastatic cancer. Such a clinical trial in patients with metastatic renal cancer is currently underway at New York Hospital and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
Loss of SFXN1 mitigates lipotoxicity and predicts poor outcome in non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (2023)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imposes a huge global burden, arising from various etiological factors such as hepatitis virus infection and metabolic syndrome. While prophylactic vaccination and antiviral treatment have decreased the incidence of viral HCC, the growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome has led to an increase in non-viral HCC. To identify genes downregulated and specifically associated with unfavorable outcome in non-viral HCC cases, screening analysis was conducted using publically available transcriptome data. Among top 500 genes meeting the criteria, which were involved in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function, a serine transporter located on inner mitochondrial membrane SFXN1 was highlighted. SFXN1 protein expression was significantly reduced in 33 of 105 HCC tissue samples, and correlated to recurrence-free and overall survival only in non-viral HCC. Human HCC cells with SFXN1 knockout (KO) displayed higher cell viability, lower fat intake and diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to palmitate administration. In a subcutaneous transplantation mouse model, high-fat diet feeding attenuated tumorigenic potential in the control cells, but not in the SFXN1-KO cells. In summary, loss of SFXN1 expression suppresses lipid accumulation and ROS generation, preventing toxic effects from fat overload in non-viral HCC, and predicts clinical outcome of non-viral HCC patients.
Multiplanar Dielectric Waveguides for Neural Communication (2018)

Neural computing requires dense, local communication and system-wide information integration. Light can achieve massive fanout at the chip and wafer scale and long-range communication with minimal delay. We present 3D integrated photonic routing networks based on amorphous silicon and silicon nitride which facilitate such communication.
The effects of growth hormone on therapy resistance in cancer (2019)

Pituitary derived and peripherally produced growth hormone (GH) is a crucial mediator of longitudinal growth, organ development, metabolic regulation with tissue specific, sex specific, and age-dependent effects. GH and its cognate receptor (GHR) are expressed in several forms of cancer and have been validated as an anti-cancer target through a large body of <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i> and epidemiological analyses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of GH action in cancer prognosis and therapeutic response had been sparse until recently. This review assimilates the critical details of GH-GHR mediated therapy resistance across different cancer types, distilling the therapeutic implications based on our current understanding of these effects.
The Systems Biology of Transporters – Targeting the Regulatory System for Transporters (FXR/RXR) (2017)

This chapter begins with the pharmacological characterization of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) as well as a thorough description of the mechanisms by which the receptor regulates the hepatobiliary transport system. Then, it provides the reader with a description of the substantial medicinal chemistry efforts that have resulted in the discovery of several classes of ligands capable to bind and modulate the functions of the receptor. FXR adopts direct and indirect mechanisms to regulate the transcriptional expression of major carrier proteins of the hepatobiliary transport system. In this context, the relevance of FXR-mediated mechanisms is sustained by a recent work showing that the bile acid (BA)-mediated activation of FXR triggers the expression of the hepatobiliary transporters just after birth in newborn mice, thereby contributing to the maturation of the enterohepatic circulation in the neonatal period. Beside high-throughput screening approaches, virtual screening was pursued as a viable strategy to discover nonsteroidal ligands of FXR.
Expression of hormones, chromogranin A and PDX1 by CD133+ cells following <i>in vitro</i> differentiation. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;, Phase microscopic image of pancospheres on day 6 of formation. Scale bar is 100 μm. &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;, Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) expression in a day 6 pancosphere. Scale bar is 50 μm. &lt;b&gt;C,D&lt;/b&gt;, Orthogonal analyses of PDX1 / glucagon (GCG) and PDX1 / insulin C-peptide (CPEP) coexpression in day 21 pancospheres. 1 μm optical sections, scale bar is 50 μm. Inset box in D is magnified and rotated confocal reconstruction of cells indicated by lines. &lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;, Coexpression of GCG and chromogranin A (CHGA) by cells within a day 21 pancosphere. Scale bar is 20 μm. &lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;, Coexpression of CPEP, CHGA and PDX1 by cells within a day 21 pancosphere. Scale bar is 10 μm. B-F, Nuclei stained with Hoechst 33342 (H).&lt;/p&gt;
Innovative Design and Processing of Multi-Functional Adaptive Structural Materials (2014)

Abstract : Our project on adaptive structural materials began with bone as a source of inspiration for adaptive materials systems. Examining the structure of natural bone leads to the five guiding principles for our research: (i) load bearing by hierarchically porous materials; (ii) adaptive, sensing load and supplying mass to reinforce at load-bearing sites through material deposition and dissolution; (iii) transport of materials using fluid flow through low density porous cy systems; (iv) energy to drive processes taken from storage sites, which are replenished by internal or external energy generation; (v) mechanisms, which are not fully understood for bone, but knowing the fundamental mechanisms allows these to be adjusted for application to synthetic systems. The problem as defined in the third year of the program was how to change soft materials into hard structures reversibly, in response to load or other environmental stresses. The approaches we used in the third year of the program include (i) reversible jamming, layering, welding and/or percolation; (ii) dissipative materials; and (iii) granular chemistry.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Structure and dynamic character of allylic Grignard reagents (1962)

Studies have been made of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of several allylic Grignard&#13;\nreagents. The Grignard reagent prepared from γ,γ-dimethylallyl bromide appears best formulated&#13;\nas an equilibrium mixture of γ,γ-dimethylallylmagnesium bromide and α,α-dimethylallylmagnesium&#13;\nbromide, in which the former is the major component. The rate of interconversion of the allylic&#13;\nisomers is rapid on the n.m.r. time scale at room temperature, but slow at -40°.
Asymmetric Synthesis ofcis-1,2-Dialkenyl-Substituted Cyclopentanes via (−)-Sparteine-Mediated Lithiation and Cycloalkylation of a 9-Chloro-2,7-nonadienyl Carbamate (2001)

Herein we report our comprehensive results in enantioselective cyclopentane synthesis via stereogenic allyllithium compounds. The described cycloalkylation reaction starts with a (-)-sparteine-mediated asymmetric deprotonation of the 2,7-alkadienyl carbamate 7e and leads to the enantioenriched (80% ee) and diastereomerically pure (dr = 99:1) cis-1,2-divinyl-cyclopentane 8, by a subsequent cyclization and elimination of lithium chloride. The reaction mechanism has been investigated by silylation and lithiodestannylation experiments and was found to represent a completely regioselective anti-S(N)'S(E)'-reaction. Trapping of the vinyllithium intermediate 12 with various electrophiles under retention of the configuration at the double bond extends the field of application for this cyclization. We also applied this reaction as the key step in the enantioselective synthesis of (+)-dihydromultifidene (17).
Abstract 3150: Characterizing the effects of somatic mutations in splice factors on the transcriptome. (2013)

Abstract Recent studies have identified recurrent somatic mutations in splice factors, including SF3B1 and U2AF1, in myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic lymphocytic leukemias, breast cancer, and lung adenocarcinoma. In one study, 91 tumor and matched normal whole-exomes were sequenced from patients with CLL and the second most frequently mutated gene was SF3B1. Analysis of 187 whole-exomes in lung adenocarcinoma and matched normals revealed recurrent somatic mutations in the splice factor U2AF1 in 3% of cases. In addition to U2AF1 mutations, recurrent truncating mutations were observed in a putative splice factor, RBM10, in 4% of lung adenocarcinomas. The recurrence of somatic mutations in splice factors in multiple tumor types suggests that alterations in RNA splicing may play an important role in tumorigenesis. Although these mutations have been identified in cancer genomes, the effect on the cancer transcriptome has yet to be fully explored; therefore, we do not understand how mutations in splice factors can contribute to tumorigenesis. We hypothesize that somatic mutations in splice factors cause alterations in mRNA splicing of important cancer genes. We are using a computational tool called JuncBASE to identify alternative splicing in tumor transcriptomes from RNA-Seq data. We are then associating somatic mutations in splice factors, found from whole-exome sequencing, with splicing signatures identified through RNA-Seq. Preliminary results on the identification of splice events associated with SF3B1 mutations in CLL reveal novel isoforms of multiple genes specifically expressed in SF3B1 mutant samples. Additionally, we examined the effects of SF3B1, U2AF1, and RBM10 mutations on tumor transcriptomes using RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Citation Format: Angela N. Brooks, Youzhong Wan, Peter Choi, Rui Jing, David S. DeLuca, Carrie Sougnez, Juliann Chmielecki, Marcin Imielinski, Gad Getz, Catherine J. Wu, Matthew Meyerson. Characterizing the effects of somatic mutations in splice factors on the transcriptome. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3150. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3150
Dental whitening effect of an oral probiotic (2016)

Aim: Oral care probiotics that incorporate hydrogen peroxide-producing strains of Streptococcus oralis may represent an effective means of naturally whitening teeth, when whitening is indicated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cosmetic benefit ("whitening effect") of a laboratory culture of S. oralis strain KJ3 and further investigate its mechanism of action.
Differences in Cytokine Production in Human Macrophages and in Virulence in Mice Are Attributable to the Acidic Polymerase Protein of Highly Pathogenic Influenza A Virus Subtype H5N1 (2012)

These results demonstrate that the PA gene of VN3028IIcl2 affects cytokine production in human macrophages and virulence in mice. These findings provide new insights into the cytokine-mediated pathogenesis of H5N1 infection in humans.
Studies on photosensitive polymers for Laser imaging. VI Photopolymerization behavior of highly photosensitive materials initiated by organic peroxide spectrally sensitized with organic dye in solid polymer matrix. (1986)

有機過酸化物および有機色素とを複合開始剤とする可視レーザー記録用の高分子材料の開発,および固相マトリックス中における重合挙動を速度論的に考察した。光重合系感光材料の開始剤として有機過酸化物とキノリン系,チアゾール系,キサンテン系またはメロシアニン系色素とを組み合わせて使用すると,500～600nm前後の可視光に高い感光性を示すことが明らかになった。ポリ(N-ビニル-2-ピロリドン)(PVP)中におけるペンタエリトリトール=トリアクリラートの光重合開始剤として,ジ-t-ブチル=ジペルオキシイソフタラートと2-(ρ-ジメチルアミノスチリル)ベンゾチアゾールとを組み合わせて用いると,488nmのアルゴンレーザー光に対して300μJ/cm2の感度を示し,レーザー描画装置による走査速度11.1m/sでの記録が可能であった。固相マトリックス中における初期重合速度(Rp)は,溶液系から導かれた速度式にしたがい,また実際の感光特性とRpとがよぐ対応した。Rpはマトリックスポリマーの影響を受け,PVPやポリ(オキシエチレン)などのポリマーは,ほかの汎用ポリマーに比較して高い値を示し,ポリマー鎖とモノマーとの間の特殊な相互作用による結果と考えられた。
Association of high cellular expression and plasma concentration of angiopoietin‑like 4 with tongue cancer lung metastasis and poor prognosis (2022)

Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) promotes cancer cell migration through vessels and has been implicated in cancer metastasis. Our previous study identified a robust increase in ANGPTL4 mRNA expression in lung-metastasized tongue cancer (TC) cells. Therefore, the present study investigated the association of ANGPTL4 with lung metastasis and outcomes of patient with TC. ANGPTL4 expression in TC cells was investigated by immunohistochemical staining. Patients were classified into 'low (0-30%)' and 'high (>30%)' ANGPTL4-expression groups based on the proportion of ANGPTL4-positive TC cells. The high ANGPTL4-expression group included 15 of 48 patients with TC. Notably, a significantly greater proportion of patients with lung metastasis exhibited a high rate of ANGPTL4-expressing cancer cells compared with patients without lung metastasis (P=0.029). The overall 5-year survival rate was lower in the high (27%) ANGPTL4-expression group compared with the low (68%) ANGPTL4-expression group. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that patients with high ANGPTL4 expression in TC cells exhibited significantly lower overall survival (OS) rates [hazard ratio (HR), 2.99; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.34-6.69; P=0.008 and HR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.14-6.51; P=0.024, respectively]. High plasma ANGPTL4 concentrations as measured by ELISA were associated with lung metastasis (P<0.001). The optimal cut-point for prediction of TC lung metastasis was 9.1 ng/ml (P<0.001; 95% CI, 7.2-10.9). The OS of patients with plasma ANPTL4 above the cut-point was significantly lower than that of patients with plasma ANGPTL4 ≤9.1 ng/ml (P<0.001). These results suggest that a high level of ANGPTL4 in cancer cells and plasma may predict lung metastasis and/or a poor prognosis of patients with TC.
Amygdala-hippocampal dynamics during salient information processing (2017)

Recognizing motivationally salient information is critical to guiding behaviour. The amygdala and hippocampus are thought to support this operation, but the circuit-level mechanism of this interaction is unclear. We used direct recordings in the amygdala and hippocampus from human epilepsy patients to examine oscillatory activity during processing of fearful faces compared with neutral landscapes. We report high gamma (70-180 Hz) activation for fearful faces with earlier stimulus evoked onset in the amygdala compared with the hippocampus. Attending to fearful faces compared with neutral landscape stimuli enhances low-frequency coupling between the amygdala and the hippocampus. The interaction between the amygdala and hippocampus is largely unidirectional, with theta/alpha oscillations in the amygdala modulating hippocampal gamma activity. Granger prediction, phase slope index and phase lag analysis corroborate this directional coupling. These results demonstrate that processing emotionally salient events in humans engages an amygdala-hippocampal network, with the amygdala influencing hippocampal dynamics during fear processing.
A turquoise fluorescence lifetime-based biosensor for quantitative imaging of intracellular calcium (2021)

The most successful genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) employ an intensity or ratiometric readout. Despite a large calcium-dependent change in fluorescence intensity, the quantification of calcium concentrations with GECIs is problematic, which is further complicated by the sensitivity of all GECIs to changes in the pH in the biological range. Here, we report on a sensing strategy in which a conformational change directly modifies the fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of a circular permutated turquoise fluorescent protein. The fluorescence lifetime is an absolute parameter that enables straightforward quantification, eliminating intensity-related artifacts. An engineering strategy that optimizes lifetime contrast led to a biosensor that shows a 3-fold change in the calcium-dependent quantum yield and a fluorescence lifetime change of 1.3 ns. We dub the biosensor Turquoise Calcium Fluorescence LIfeTime Sensor (Tq-Ca-FLITS). The response of the calcium sensor is insensitive to pH between 6.2-9. As a result, Tq-Ca-FLITS enables robust measurements of intracellular calcium concentrations by fluorescence lifetime imaging. We demonstrate quantitative imaging of calcium concentrations with the turquoise GECI in single endothelial cells and human-derived organoids.
Programmable Optical x-Haul Network in the COSMOS Testbed (2019)

The Cloud-Enhanced Open Software Defined Mobile Wireless Testbed for City-Scale Deployment (COSMOS) platform is a programmable city-scale shared multi-user advanced wireless testbed that is being deployed in West Harlem of New York City [1]. To keep pace with the significantly increased wireless link bandwidth and to effectively integrate the emerging C-RANs, COSMOS is designed to incorporate a fast programmable core network for providing connections across different computing layers. A key feature of COSMOS is its dark fiber based optical x-haul network that enables both highly flexible, user defined network topologies and experimentation directly in the optical physical layer. The optical architecture of COSMOS was presented in [2]. In this abstract, we present the tools and services designed to configure and monitor the performance of optical paths and topologies of the COSMOS testbed. In particular, we present the SDN framework that allows testbed users to implement experiments with application-driven control of optical and data networking functionalities.
OP-22. Localization of isoprostane, 8-epi PGF24aL, in atherosclerotic lesions (1997)

Juliano, L.; Praticò, D.; Mauriello, A.; Spagnoli, L.; Lawson, J.; Maclouf, J.; FitzGerald, G.; Violi, F. Author Information
A single-chip LSI high-speed functional tester (1987)

An architecture for a single-chip functional tester which reduces the cost of testing application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) is presented. The data generator/receiver (DGR) contains a large RAM to store the test vectors, an address sequencer for implementing simple testing loops, and a flexible set of drivers/receivers for the device-under-test (DUT) pins. A prototype design has been fabricated in 3-/spl mu/m CMOS double-level-metal technology, and contains 65 K transistors in a 9.2/spl times/7.9-mm/SUP 2/ die. A minimum operating cycle time of 90 ns (11 MHz), and a power dissipation of 300 mW was obtained for 5-V operation. A 2-/spl mu/m version of this design, just a shrink of the original chip, has been fabricated and operates over 16 megavector/s.
Synthesis and Antiimplantation Activity of New Stilbene Derivatives. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Angiogenesis in Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (2003)

Angiogenesis is an essential process required for growth and tissue repair after injury, but it may also contribute to the pathology of a number of human disorders including neoplasias, atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic peptide upregulated by many cytokines and endothelium shear stresses. Lung is a highly vascular tissue with finely organized and regulated microvascular beds, and its inflammation may lead to dysregulated angiogenesis. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a lung disorder characterized by chronic lymphocytic inflammation and endothelial damage. However, neovascularization has not been previously explored. In this study, we examined the expression and localization of VEGF in 38 patients with HP and 14 healthy control subjects (CS). VEGF levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA, and cellular lung localization was determined by immunohistochemistry. In addition, VEGF expression was analyzed in lung tissue by RT-PCR. Our results showed sera levels significantly increased in HP patients compared with CS (209.3 +/- 189.3 vs. 55.3 +/- 31.4 pg/ml; p = 0.004). By contrast, BALF levels of VEGF were significantly decreased in HP patients compared with CS (35.3 +/- 51.5 pg/ml vs. 185.1 +/- 191.4 pg/ml; p < 0.001). VEGF was primary expressed by epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and interstitial macrophages in HP tissue. Flt-1 and Flk-1 receptors were highly expressed by endothelial cells from medium and small vessels in HP tissue. By RT-PCR the VEGF RNA was increased compared with those in normal lung. Our results suggest that abnormal expression of VEGF may contribute to impair the lung repair in HP.
Observations of a circular, triple-helical polysaccharide using noncontact atomic force microscopy (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservations of a circular, triple-helical polysaccharide using noncontact atomic force microscopyTheresa M. McIntire, Reginald M. Penner, and David A. BrantCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 18, 6375–6377Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00122a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00122a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts