gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Based Singular Spectrum Analysis for Realization of Wideband Force Sensing (2021)

This paper proposes a new approach for realization of wideband sensor-less force sensing based on deep learning based singular spectrum analysis. The force sensation function is performed by a disturbance observer. The wideband force sensing is realized at high value of observer pole. To extract force information from the noisy estimation of the disturbance observer, the deep learning based singular spectrum analysis is designed with consideration of variable noise characteristics during operation. The deep learning algorithm is employed to design the online estimation of the embedded dimension, which is related to the noise extraction performance of the singular spectrum analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations and simulations based on experimental results.
Golgi retention and oncogenic KIT signaling via PLCγ2-PKD2-PI4KIIIβ activation in GIST cells (2022)

SUMMARY Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop due to gain-of-function mutations in the tyrosine kinase, KIT . We recently showed that mutant KIT mislocalizes to the Golgi area and initiates uncontrolled signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its Golgi retention remain unknown. Here, we show that protein kinase D2 (PKD2) is activated by the mutant, which causes KIT’s Golgi retention. In PKD2-inhibited cells, KIT migrates from the Golgi region to lysosomes and subsequently undergoes degradation. Importantly, delocalized KIT is unable to trigger downstream activation. In the Golgi area, KIT activates the PKD2-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ (PKD2-PI4KIIIβ) pathway through phospholipase γ2 (PLCγ2) to generate a PI4P-rich membrane domain, where the AP1-GGA1 complex is aberrantly recruited. Disruption of any factors in this cascade results in KIT release from the Golgi region, indicating that these PKD2-related pathways are responsible for the Golgi retention of KIT. Our findings unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying KIT mislocalization and provide evidence for a new strategy for inhibition of oncogenic signaling.
Zygomycetes as Agents of Infectious Disease in Humans (2014)

The zygomycoses are a group of infections caused by a variety of fungal organisms belonging to the class Zygomycetes. This class is composed of two orders, Mucorales and Entomophthorales. The focus of this chapter is to discuss the molecular principles of mucormycosis pathogenesis. The agents of mucormycosis are classified into six different families based on morphologic analysis of the fungus, carbohydrate assimilation, and the maximal growth temperature. Of note, these categories of invasive mucormycosis tend to occur in patients with specific defects in host defense. The mechanism by which ketoacidosis enhances susceptibility to rhinocerebral disease remains unclear. As discussed, patients in ketoacidosis, or indeed those with any systemic acidosis, have increased available serum iron due to proton-mediated dissociation of iron from sequestering proteins. Simulated acidotic conditions decreased the iron-binding capacity of sera collected from normal volunteers. Importantly, rFTR1 gene expression is induced when R. oryzae is iron limited, indicating that this gene might operate in vivo where the iron supply is limited. The amdS gene allows the organism to grow on media containing acetamide as a sole source of nitrogen. These molecular approaches will aid in understanding mucormycosis pathogenesis and may therefore contribute to establishing improved therapeutic strategies to treat and/or prevent mucormycosis infections. Genome sequence data have the potential to revolutionize the study of mucormycosis, as has been done for other pathogenic fungi, including Candida and Aspergillus. A recently completed genome sequence project can provide data in advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis of mucormycosis.
Rapid identification of lettuce seed germination mutants by bulked segregant analysis and whole genome sequencing (2016)

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds exhibit thermoinhibition, or failure to complete germination when imbibed at warm temperatures. Chemical mutagenesis was employed to develop lettuce lines that exhibit germination thermotolerance. Two independent thermotolerant lettuce seed mutant lines, TG01 and TG10, were generated through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. Genetic and physiological analyses indicated that these two mutations were allelic and recessive. To identify the causal gene(s), we applied bulked segregant analysis by whole genome sequencing. For each mutant, bulked DNA samples of segregating thermotolerant (mutant) seeds were sequenced and analyzed for homozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Two independent candidate mutations were identified at different physical positions in the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene (ABSCISIC ACID DEFICIENT 1/ZEAXANTHIN EPOXIDASE, or ABA1/ZEP) in TG01 and TG10. The mutation in TG01 caused an amino acid replacement, whereas the mutation in TG10 resulted in alternative mRNA splicing. Endogenous abscisic acid contents were reduced in both mutants, and expression of the ABA1 gene from wild-type lettuce under its own promoter fully complemented the TG01 mutant. Conventional genetic mapping confirmed that the causal mutations were located near the ZEP/ABA1 gene, but the bulked segregant whole genome sequencing approach more efficiently identified the specific gene responsible for the phenotype.
Correction to Precursor Concentration Affects Grain Size, Crystal Orientation, and Local Performance in Mixed-Ion Lead Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Precursor Concentration Affects Grain Size, Crystal Orientation, and Local Performance in Mixed-Ion Lead Perovskite Solar CellsSarah Wieghold*Sarah WiegholdMore by Sarah Wiegholdhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6169-3961, Juan-Pablo Correa-BaenaJuan-Pablo Correa-BaenaMore by Juan-Pablo Correa-Baenahttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3860-1149, Lea NienhausLea NienhausMore by Lea Nienhaushttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1412-412X, Shijing SunShijing SunMore by Shijing Sun, Katherine E. ShulenbergerKatherine E. ShulenbergerMore by Katherine E. Shulenberger, Zhe LiuZhe LiuMore by Zhe Liu, Jason S. TresbackJason S. TresbackMore by Jason S. Tresback, Seong Sik ShinSeong Sik ShinMore by Seong Sik Shinhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0525-4160, Moungi G. BawendiMoungi G. BawendiMore by Moungi G. Bawendihttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-4365, and Tonio Buonassisi*Tonio BuonassisiMore by Tonio BuonassisiCite this: ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2019, 2, 5, 3936Publication Date (Web):May 10, 2019Publication History Published online10 May 2019Published inissue 28 May 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsaem.9b00870https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00870correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views876Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Data-Driven Affective Analysis Framework Toward Naturally Expressive Speech Synthesis (2010)

An essential step in the generation of expressive speech synthesis is the automatic detection and classification of emotions most likely to be present in textual input. Though increasingly data-driven, emotion analysis still relies on critical expert knowledge in order to isolate the emotional keywords or keysets necessary to the construction of affective categories. This makes it vulnerable to any discrepancy between the ensuing taxonomy of affective states and the underlying domain of discourse. This paper proposes a more general framework, latent affective mapping, which exploits two separate levels of semantic information: the first one encapsulates the foundations of the domain considered, while the second one specifically accounts for the overall affective fabric of the language. Exposing the emergent relationship between these two levels advantageously steers the emotion classification process. Empirical evidence suggests that this approach is effective for automatic emotion analysis in text. This bodes well for its deployability toward naturally expressive speech synthesis.
MaGNET: Uniform Sampling from Deep Generative Network Manifolds Without Retraining (2021)

Deep Generative Networks (DGNs) are extensively employed in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), and their variants to approximate the data manifold and distribution. However, training samples are often distributed in a non-uniform fashion on the manifold, due to costs or convenience of collection. For example, the CelebA dataset contains a large fraction of smiling faces. These inconsistencies will be reproduced when sampling from the trained DGN, which is not always preferred, e.g., for fairness or data augmentation. In response, we develop MaGNET, a novel and theoretically motivated latent space sampler for any pre-trained DGN, that produces samples uniformly distributed on the learned manifold. We perform a range of experiments on various datasets and DGNs, e.g., for the state-of-the-art StyleGAN2 trained on FFHQ dataset, uniform sampling via MaGNET increases distribution precision and recall by 4.1\% \&amp; 3.0\% and decreases gender bias by 41.2\%, without requiring labels or retraining. As uniform distribution does not imply uniform semantic distribution, we also explore separately how semantic attributes of generated samples vary under MaGNET sampling.
Characterization of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Thermal Response to Heat Ablation or Cryoablation (2016)

One of the most lethal carcinomas is pancreatic cancer. As standard treatment using chemotherapy and radiation has shown limited success, thermal regimens (cryotherapy or heat ablation) are emerging as viable alternatives. Although promising, our understanding of pancreatic cancer response to thermal ablation remains limited. In this study, we investigated the thermal responses of 2 pancreatic cancer cell lines in an effort to identify the minimum lethal temperature needed for complete cell death to provide guidance for in vivo applications. PANC-1 and BxPC-3 were frozen (-10°C to -25°C) or heated (45°C-50°C) in single and repeated exposure regimes. Posttreatment survival and recovery were analyzed using alamarBlue assay over a 7-day interval. Modes of cell death were assessed using fluorescence microscopy (calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide) and flow cytometry (YO-PRO-1/propidium iodide). Freezing to -10°C resulted in minimal cell death. Exposure to -15°C had a mild impact on PANC-1 survival (93%), whereas BxPC-3 was more severely damaged (33%). Exposure to -20°C caused a significant reduction in viability (PANC-1 = 23%; BxPC-3 = 2%) whereas -25°C yielded complete death. Double freezing exposure was more effective than single exposure. Repeat exposure to -15°C resulted in complete death of BxPC-3, whereas -20°C severely impacted PANC-1 (7%). Heating to 45°C resulted in minimum cell death. Exposure to 48°C yielded a slight increase in cell loss (PANC-1 = 85%; BxPC-3 = 98%). Exposure to 50°C caused a significant decline (PANC-1 = 70%; BxPC-3 = 9%) with continued deterioration to 0%. Double heating to 45°C resulted in similar effects observed in single exposures, whereas repeated 48°C resulted in significant increases in cell death (PANC-1 = 68%; BxPC-3 = 29%). In conclusion, we observed that pancreatic cancer cells were completely destroyed at temperatures <-25°C or >50°C using single thermal exposures. Repeated exposures resulted in increased cell death at less extreme temperatures. Our data suggest that thermal ablation strategies (heat or cryoablation) may represent a viable technique for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Do dislocations act as atomic autobahns for oxygen in the perovskite oxide SrTiO3? (2014)

The transport properties of edge dislocations comprising a symmetrical 6° [001] tilt grain boundary in weakly acceptor-doped SrTiO3 were investigated by means of various experimental and computational techniques. Oxygen transport along the dislocation array was probed by means of (18)O/(16)O exchange experiments under (standard) oxidising conditions (pO2 = 5 × 10(-1) bar) and also under reducing conditions (pO2 = 7 × 10(-22) bar) at T = 973 K. In both cases, isotope profiles obtained by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) indicated no evidence of fast diffusion along the dislocation array. Charge transport across the dislocation array was probed in equilibrium electrical conductivity measurements as a function of oxygen partial pressure, 10(-23) ≤ pO2/bar ≤ 1 at temperatures of T/K = 950, 1050, 1100. A significant decrease in the conductivity of the bicrystal (relative to that of a single crystal) was observed under oxidising conditions, but not under reducing conditions. These studies were complemented by static lattice simulations employing empirical pair-potentials. The simulations predict, that the tilt boundary comprises two types of dislocation cores, that the formation of oxygen vacancies is energetically preferred at both cores relative to the bulk, and that the migration of oxygen ions along both cores is hindered relative to the bulk. Combining all results and literature reports, we present a comprehensive and consistent picture of the transport properties of dislocations in SrTiO3.
DIFFUSION COATINGS FOR CORROSION RESISTANT COMPONENTS IN COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEMS (2005)

Heat-exchangers, particle filters, turbines, and other components in integrated coal gasification combined cycle system must withstand the highly sulfiding conditions of the high temperature coal gas over an extended period of time. The performance of components degrades significantly with time unless expensive high alloy materials are used. Deposition of a suitable coating on a low cost alloy may improve is resistance to such sulfidation attack and decrease capital and operating costs. The alloys used in the gasifier service include austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, nickel-chromium-iron alloys, and expensive nickel-cobalt alloys. During this reporting period we conducted two exposure tests with coated and uncoated coupons. The first one was aborted after a short period, because of a leak in the pressure regulator of a CO/CO{sub 2}/H{sub 2} gas mixture gas cylinder that was used to prepare the simulated coal gas stream. Nevertheless, this run was very instructive as it showed that during the brief exposure when the concentration of H{sub 2}S increased to 8.6%, even specialty alloys such as HR160 and I800 were badly corroded, yet the sample of a SS405-steel that was coated with Ti/Ta showed no signs of corrosion. After replacing the pressure regulator, a second run was conducted with a fresh set of coated and uncoated samples. The Ti/Ta-coated on to SS405 steel from the earlier runs was also exposed in this test. The run proceeded smoothly, and at the end of test the uncoated steels were badly damaged, some evidence of corrosion was found on coupons of HR160 and I800 alloys and the Cr-coated steels, but again, the Ti/Ta-coated sample appeared unaffected.
A minimum variance partially distortionless response filter for single-channel noise reduction (2017)

This paper deals with the problem of single-channel noise reduction. Thanks to the eigenvalue decomposition, we arrange the eigenvalues of the speech correlation matrix in such a way that all the spectral mode signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the noisy speech are ordered in a descending manner. By maintaining no speech distortion in the spectral modes with high input SNRs while allowing some degree of speech distortion in the modes with low input SNRs, we develop a minimum variance partially distortionless response (MVPDR) filter. We first formulate the problem and derive this filter within the general filtering framework. Then, the MVPDR filter is applied to the single-channel noise reduction problem in both the time and time-frequency domains. In comparison with the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) filter based on the subspace decomposition, the developed MVPDR filter can provide much more freedom for controlling the compromise between noise reduction and speech distortion to achieve higher speech quality. Simulations are conducted and preliminary results justify the advantages of the deduced MVPDR filter.
Specular x-ray reflectivity study of ordering in self-assembled organic and hybrid organic–inorganic electro-optic multilayer films (2001)

Specular x-ray reflectivity has been used to probe the microstructures of siloxane-based self-assembled electro-optic superlattices composed of high-hyperpolarizable organic chromophore arrays intercalated with Ga and In oxide sheets. The film thickness increases linearly as a function of the number of layers, underscoring the high structural regularity and efficiency of the synthetic approach. Relatively dense metal oxide structures are detected in these systems. The x-ray reflectivity data also indicate that the dependence of the relative surface roughness on the number of layers is nearly identical for self-assembled organic and organic–inorganic hybrid film structures.
Carbon fiber & composite material (2011)

The commercialization of carbon fibers and their composites initially served the defence and aerospace industry. Sporting goods followed and allowed carbon fiber companies to survive the years after the cold war. High prices and manual production technologies hindered entrance into big consumer markets. This situation is going to change with the implementation of highly automated textile processes for the production of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). The biggest impetus is coming from the energy and CO2 debate. Thus CFRP components will further grow in the aviation industry but also spread into automobiles, windmills, civil engineering and other industrial applications. The carbon fiber market is dominated by producers based in Japan and in the USA, with precursor production in the hands of Japanese companies. Europe has failed to build home-based precursor and carbon fiber production technologies. SGL Group—The Carbon Company as a leader in the carbon and graphite industry recognized this situation and started to expand its competence in carbon fiber and related technology. This includes its own precursor production as well as downstream processes like textile techniques and CFRP components. These activities are embedded in an industrial and scientific network which has its centre in the south of Germany. SGL's strategy is to become a European/German home-based key player in carbon fiber and composite technology.
Twenty-Plus Years of Night Vision Technology: Publications and Patents from the Crew System Interface Division of the Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (2003)

For over twenty years, the Crew System Interface Division (HEC; www.hec.afrl.af.mil) of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base OH, has advanced night vision technology. This technology includes investigations into visual acuity through night vision goggles (NVGs), night vision imaging system (NVIS) cockpit lighting compatibility, wide field-of-view night vision devices, NVG measurement methodologies, plus human factors and aircraft integration issues. This document is a compilation of the complete text of selected publications and reports produced by AFRL/HEC addressing these various areas of night vision technology. It also includes a listing of relevant patent abstracts and a bibliography of other Division publications related to night vision technology.
<title>Outgassing of optical baffles and primary mirror during cryogen depletion of a space-based infrared instrument</title> (2000)

Outgassing experiments in space were conducted during the critical period in the cryogen lifetime of the large infrared telescope called Spatial Infrared Imager and Telescope (SPIRIT III) on the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) spacecraft. This was the period when the solid hydrogen in the dewar was being depleted and the optical components were warming up to evaporate previously condensed volatile materials. The volatile condensable materials were collected on the cryogenically cooled surfaces during the 4 months of prelaunch testing and the 10 months in orbit. The contamination instruments on board the spacecraft were used to monitor the outgassing of these materials. Besides contamination monitoring, it was also desired to control the heating or warm-up process without contaminating the still functioning UV and visible sensors. After considering several scenarios via thermal modeling, it was decided to conduct the warm-up period into two phases, with the first phase intended to approach but not exceed the sublimation point of ice on the primary mirror. Solar radiation was used to heat the SPIRIT III baffle and parts of the +Y face of the spacecraft while the contamination instruments were monitored the outgassing event. Ice redistribution from the baffle to the much colder primary mirror, as well as external pressure bursts and slight film depositions on quartz crystal microbalances were observed. The second phase of warm-up experiments again used solar heating to drive the telescope optics through the 150 K range for final sublimation of any ice remaining as well as condensed hydrocarbons from the cold primary mirror. The results of these end-of-cryo experiments are discussed in terms of the measured film deposits on the cryogenic quartz crystal microbalance and the pressures from the total pressure sensor.
Synthesis and high temperature oxidation of Mo-Si-B-O pseudo in situ composites (2002)

In this paper, the new concept of ‘pseudo in situ composites’ is introduced into artificial composites for ultra-high temperature applications, composed of five phases, Mo, Mo3Si, Mo5Si3, Mo5SiB2 and SiO2. Among these phases, Mo and Mo5Si3 are not thermodynamically stable with each other, but they are locally equilibrated in the composites due to the formation of Mo3Si as their reactant. Using the spark plasma sintering 8SPS) technique, the Mo–Si–B–O pseudo in situ composites are successfully synthesized from Mo3Si/Mo5Si3/Mo5SiB2 in situ composite powder, Mo and/or SiO2 powders. The consolidated compacts are sound and fully dense, indicating that the SPS is a promising technique to synthesize the Mo–Si–B–O pseudo in situ composites. High temperature oxidation properties of the composites were examined up to 1673 K. The temperature range is divided into three with respect to the oxidation behavior; i.e. (I) below 1000 K, (II) between 1000 and 1400 K, and 8III) above 1400 K. In the range II, the oxidation resistance of the composites is significantly improved by SiO2 addition. In the range III, the oxidation resistance of the composites is good enough even at 1673 K in spite of the existence of Mo, displaying high potential for ultra-high temperature applications.