gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Marshall Automated Weld System (MAWS) (1993)

A fully automated welding system, which can operate totally independent of human intervention, is currently unavailable in the welding industry. Development of the Marshall Automated Weld System (MAWS) has been undertaken to fill this void. The system will enable application of statistical process control practices to assure weld quality prior to post weld nondestructive testing. The Variable Polarity Plasma Arc (VPPA) welding process has been baselined for MAWS because it has eliminated process related defects in the welding of the Space Shuttle External Tank. The few remaining weld defects occurring on the tank can be associated with human error. The system integrates multiple sensors (providing real time information on weld bead geometry, weld joint location, wirefeed entry, and inert gas quality) with a weld model (describing weld geometry in relation to critical parameters) and computer controlled VPPA weld equipment. This system is designed to provide real-time, closed-loop control of the weld as it is being made.
Reflective silicon Mach Zender modulator with Faraday rotator mirror effect for self-coherent and self-polarization-aligned transmission (2013)

An all-Silicon Reflective Mach Zehnder Modulator (Si-R-MZM) is proposed, providing the Faraday Rotator Mirror effect for achieving simple coherent demodulation. The Si-R-MZM is analytically described and measurements are made to assess the transmission performances.
Variation in Metabolism: Biological Efficiency of Energy Production and Utilization That Affects Feed Efficiency (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Mitochondria Mitochondrial Inefficiencies Matching Cellular Needs to Growth, Development, and Activity Mitochondria in the Phenotypic Expression of Feed Efficiency Summary Acknowledgments Notes References
Decomposition of Nitric Oxide over Barium Oxide Supported on Magnesium Oxide. 2. In Situ Raman Characterization of Phases Present during the Catalytic Reaction (1997)

High temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the complex phase behavior during the decomposition of Ba(NO3)2 supported on MgO. The starting material, crystalline Ba(NO3)2, is stable up to 500 °C in a 1% NO in He gas mixture. Above this temperature or at lower NO partial pressures, the crystalline Ba(NO3)2 is transformed into an amorphous intermediate phase II' which contains nitrate and nitrite ions. This phase is gradually converted into phase II” containing nitrate ions, Ba−nitrito complexes, and the first traces of a Ba−nitro species. The next step in the decomposition is the formation of phase III, which consists mainly of Ba−nitro complexes and nitrate ions. Phase III is stable in decreasing NO pressures until its decomposition into defect-rich BaO, phase IV. A hysteresis was observed for the stability range of phase III as a function of decreasing or increasing NO partial pressures. The transformations between phase III and IV are characterized by isosbestic points in the Raman spectra. Thus, decomposition/reformation of phase III occurs directly without any detectable intermediates. The effect of temperature on the decomposition of phase III into the defect-rich BaO, as determined by Raman spectroscopy, is in good agreement with the calculated coexistence of BaO, BaO2, and Ba(NO3)2 phases. Moreover, there is a good correlation between the presence of phase III and the maximum catalytic activity for the decomposition of NO. These in situ Raman results strongly suggest that the observed activity of highly loaded Ba/MgO catalysts arises from the formation of phase III. The sharp falloff in the N2 formation rate at a particular temperature is related to the transition between phase III and phase IV. Transient in situ Raman experiments indicate that Ba−nitro complexes in phase III are taking part in the catalytic cycle as reaction intermediates.
Biodegradable 3D-printed ferroelectret ultrasonic transducer with large output pressure (2021)

Ferroelectrets are typical cellular polymer foams that exhibit high flexibility and an excellent matching to air. Recently, biodegradable cellular polylactic acid (PLA) ferroelectrets have been introduced, exhibiting a large longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient. In this work, we present a combination of a PLA film and a printed PLA backplate using fused deposition modeling to build a ferroelectret air-coupled ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer consists of three main components all made from PLA: the film presenting the vibrating plate, the printed backplate with well-defined groves, and the printed holder. The PLA film and the printed backplate build together the ferroelectret with artificial air voids. The printed holder clamps the film on the backplate and fixes the ferroelectret together. After poling, the trapped surface charge density serves as electrical bias as well as a mechanical pre-stress due to the permanent electrostatic forces. The resulting sound pressure is measured with a calibrated microphone (Type 4138, Bruel & Kjaer) at 30 cm distance. The sound pressure of the transducer is measured at the resonance frequency for different applied AC voltages (from 30 to 70 Vrms). The biodegradable ultrasonic transducer exhibits a large bandwidth of approximately 45 kHz and fractional bandwidth of 70 %. The resulting sound pressure at the resonance frequency can be increased from 98 dB up to 106 dB for driving voltages from 30 to 70 Vrms. respectively.
Solvated nickel atoms and nickel slurries: nickel atom-toluene microsolution and matrix optical spectroscopy (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvated nickel atoms and nickel slurries: nickel atom-toluene microsolution and matrix optical spectroscopyGeoffrey A. Ozin, Colin G. Francis, Helmut X. Huber, and Linda F. NazarCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 11, 3635–3639Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50225a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50225a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incorporation of 2,3‐Diaminopropionic Acid into Linear Cationic Amphipathic Peptides Produces pH‐Sensitive Vectors (2010)

Nonviral vectors that harness the change in pH in endosomes, are increasingly being used to deliver cargoes, including nucleic acids, into mammalian cells. Here we present evidence that the pK(a) of the beta-NH(2) in 2,3-diaminopropionic acid (Dap) is sufficiently lowered, when Dap is incorporated into peptides, that its protonation state is sensitive to the pH changes that occur during endosomal acidification. The lowered pK(a) of around 6.3 is stabilized by the increased electron-withdrawing effect of the peptide bonds, by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and from contributions arising from the peptide conformation. These include mixed polar/apolar environments, Coulombic interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Changes in the charged state are therefore expected between pH 5 and 7, and large-scale conformational changes are observed in Dap-rich peptides, in contrast to analogues containing lysine or ornithine, when the pH is altered through this range. These physical properties confer a robust gene-delivery capability on designed cationic amphipathic peptides that incorporate Dap.
The synthetic neuroactive steroid SGE-516 reduces status epilepticus and neuronal cell death in a rat model of soman intoxication (2017)

Organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase that pose a serious threat to public health because of their use as chemical weapons. Exposure to high doses of OPNAs can dramatically potentiate cholinergic synaptic activity and cause status epilepticus (SE). Current standard of care for OPNA exposure involves treatment with cholinergic antagonists, oxime cholinesterase reactivators, and benzodiazepines. However, data from pre-clinical models suggest that OPNA-induced SE rapidly becomes refractory to benzodiazepines. Neuroactive steroids (NAS), such as allopregnanolone, retain anticonvulsant activity in rodent models of benzodiazepine-resistant SE, perhaps because they modulate a broader variety of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor subtypes. SGE-516 is a novel, next generation NAS and a potent and selective GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor positive allosteric modulator (PAM). The present study first established that SGE-516 reduced electrographic seizures in the rat lithium-pilocarpine model of pharmacoresistant SE. Then the anticonvulsant activity of SGE-516 was investigated in the soman-intoxication model of OPNA-induced SE. SGE-516 (5.6, 7.5, and 10mg/kg, IP) significantly reduced electrographic seizure activity compared to control when administered 20min after SE onset. When 10mg/kg SGE-516 was administered 40min after SE onset, seizure activity was still significantly reduced compared to control. In addition, all cohorts of rats treated with SGE-516 exhibited significantly reduced neuronal cell death as measured by FluoroJade B immunohistochemistry. These data suggest synthetic NASs that positively modulate both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors may be candidates for further study in the treatment of OPNA-induced SE.
Phase-matching in cascaded third-order frequency mixing (2002)

Summary form only given. We consider here the frequency mixing processes that result in the generation of ultrafast vacuum ultraviolet pulses. We have shown experimentally that by mixing the fundamental (800 nm) of an ultrafast Ti:sapphire laser pulse with its second harmonic (400nm) in a gas-filled hollow waveguide, very high conversion efficiency to the deep ultraviolet (267nm) is possible. We have calculated analytically the phase matching conditions for high order cascaded conversion and found three distinct mechanisms at work. We also present detailed simulations that include the effects of backconversion, self- and cross-phase modulation and spectral dispersion.
Cyclic Dimers of Metalloporphyrins as Tunable Hosts for Fullerenes: A Remarkable Effect of Rhodium(III) (2001)

Die supramolekulare Wechselwirkung von C60 und C70 mit cyclischen Metalloporphyrindimeren 1-M hängt sehr vom Metallion M ab, wobei bei 1-RhMe/Fulleren-Systemen besonders hohe Assoziationskonstanten (ca. 108 M−1) und geringe Dissoziationsneigung festgestellt wurden. Sowohl Kristallstrukturanalysen als auch NMR-Untersuchungen sprechen für das gleichzeitige Vorliegen von Charge-Transfer- und van-der-Waals-Wechselwirkungen.
Mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) ligand attenuates neuroinflammation and reduces complement component C1Q in a mouse model of tauopathy (2020)

Abstract Background The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) has been widely investigated as a positron emission tomography (PET) detectable biomarker of neuroinflammation, as well as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. In transgenic mouse models of AD, we and others have shown that TSPO ligands attenuate inflammation and beta amyloid burden (Barron et al., 2013). However, the effect of TSPO ligands on tauopathy‐induced inflammation has not yet been investigated. Here, we analysed the effects of the prototypic TSPO ligand, Ro5‐4864, on the progression of tauopathy, gliosis and atrophy in the rTg4510 tau transgenic mouse model (TauTg). Method TauTg and WT control mice were treated with Ro5‐4864 or vehicle for 4 months. Brain atrophy was assessed using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging, while tauopathy and neuroinflammation were assessed by PET using 11 C‐PBB3 and 18 F‐FEBMP tracers, respectively. To corroborate in vivo findings, immunohistochemistry was performed in sections from scanned mice to measure phosphorylated tau (AT8), inflammation (IBA1, complement component 1q, C1q) and neuronal loss (NeuN). Result Ro5‐4864 treatment reduced markers of neuroinflammation, as well as expression of the neuronal ‘eat me’ signal, C1q in rTg4510 mice. In vitro experiments using the immortalized microglial cell line, BV2, confirmed the TSPO ligands, Ro5‐4864, reduced expression of C1q in response to inflammatory stimuli. Conclusion These findings support a protective role for TSPO ligands in reducing tauopathy‐induced neuroinflammation.
Spectral Tuning of Multiple Germanium Vacancy Centers in Diamond with Mechanical Strain (2018)

We experimentally demonstrate spectral tuning of the optical transitions of the germanium vacancy (GeV) center using strain in a diamond microcantilever. The GeV shows a large strain susceptibility on the order of PHz/strain. Spectral alignment of two initially spectrally separated GeVs is achieved.
Aluminum foil reinforced by carbon nanotubes (2016)

In our research, the method of manufacturing an Al-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite by hot pressing and cold rolling was attempted. The addition of one percent of multi-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized by OCSiAl provides a significant increase in the ultimate tensile strength of aluminum. The tensile strength of the obtained composite material is at the tensile strength level of medium-strength aluminum alloys.
Compiler-assisted demand paging for embedded systems with flash memory (2004)

In this paper, we propose a novel, application specific demand paging mechanism for low-end embedded systems with flash memory as secondary storage. These systems are not equipped with virtual memory. A small memory space called an execution buffer is allocated to page an application. An application-specific page manager manages the buffer. The manager is generated by a compiler post-pass and combined with the application image. Our compiler post-pass analyzes the ELF executable image of an application and transforms function call/return instructions into calls to the page manager. As a result, each function of the code can be loaded into memory on demand at run time. To minimize the overhead of demand paging, code clustering algorithms are also presented. We evaluate our techniques with five embedded applications. We show that our approach can reduce the code memory size by 33% on average with reasonable performance degradation (8-20%) and energy consumption (10% more on average) for low-end embedded systems.
Effects of Gadolinium and Europium on the Design and Submersion Criticality of a Fast Spectrum Space Reactor (2005)

Gadolinium‐155 and europium‐151 are examined as alternative spectral shift absorbers to rhenium in the Scalable AMTEC Integrated Reactor space power System (SAIRS) heat‐pipe reactor. Spectral shift absorbers counteract the reactivity increase when a compact, highly‐enriched space nuclear reactor is submerged in seawater or wet sand and flooded following a launch abort accident. After all excess rhenium is removed from the reactor core, gadolinium‐155 or europium‐151 is added to the core in the form of a 0.1 mm oxide coating on the inside of the reactor vessel and/or as a nitride additive to the UN fuel. To compensate for increased parasitic neutron absorption, the UN fuel enrichment in the SAIRS reactor is increased to from 83.5% to a maximum of 94%. With 12 atom% 155GdN added to the reactor fuel, the outer diameter of the axial reflector decreased by 2 cm, and with a 155Gd2O3 coating on the inside of the reactor vessel, the reactor has $2.47 of excess reactivity at Beginning of Mission (compared to $2.08 for the rhenium base‐case) and a worst case submersion and flooding accident reactivity of −$1.12 (compared to −$0.93 for the base‐case). The resulting reactor and shield weigh 951.20 kg, for a savings of 100.94 kg over the base‐case. When 9 atom% 151EuN is used in the fuel, the outer diameter of the axial reflector is reduced by 4 cm, and the reactor has $2.53 excess reactivity and −$1.13 of reactivity in the worst‐case submersion and flooding accident scenario. The europium‐case represents a mass savings of 143.16 kg over the base‐case for a total reactor and shield mass of 908.98 kg.
Featured community SIG (2013)

We are proposing a SIG designed for Human-Computer Interaction for Development (HCI4D) Community. It is designed to foster further collaboration, dissemination of research results and findings from practitioners, as well as to promote discussion of how we can both learn from each other and from those we serve in underserved communities wherever they may be.
In Vivo Evaluation of Physiologic Control Algorithms for Left Ventricular Assist Devices Based on Left Ventricular Volume or Pressure (2017)

Turbodynamic left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide a continuous flow depending on the speed at which the pump is set, and do not adapt to the changing requirements of the patient. The limited adaptation of the pump flow (PF) to the amount of venous return can lead to ventricular suction or overload. Physiologic control may compensate such situations by an automatic adaptation of the PF to the volume status of the left ventricle. We evaluated two physiologic control algorithms in an acute study with eight healthy pigs. Both controllers imitate the Frank-Starling law of the heart and are based on a measurement of the left ventricular volume (LVV) or pressure (LVP), respectively. After implantation of a modified Deltastream DP2 blood pump as an LVAD, we tested the responses of the physiologic controllers to hemodynamic changes and compared them with the response of the constant speed (CS) mode. Both physiologic controllers adapted the pump speed (PS) such that the flow was more sensitive to preload and less sensitive to afterload, as compared with the CS mode. As a result, the risk for suction was strongly reduced. Five suction events were observed in the CS mode, one with the volume-based controller and none with the pressure-based controller. The results suggest that both physiologic controllers have the potential to reduce the number of adverse events when used in the clinical setting.
v4v: a View for the Viewer (2005)

We present a View for the Viewer (v4v), a slide viewer that focuses on the needs of the viewer of a presentation instead of the presenter. Our design centers on representing the deck of slides as a stack embedded in a 3-D world. With only single button clicks, the viewer can quickly and easily navigate the deck of slides. We provide four types of annotation techniques and have designed a synchronization mechanism that makes it easy for the viewer to move in and out of sync with the presenter. We also supply alarms as a method for viewer notification. We evaluate our approach with a preliminary user study resulting in positive feedback about our design plus suggestions for improvements and extensions.
Relating the phase morphology of a biodegradable polymer blend to erosion kinetics using simultaneous in situ atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance analysis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelating the phase morphology of a biodegradable polymer blend to erosion kinetics using simultaneous in situ atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance analysisKevin M. Shakesheff, Xinyong Chen, Martyn C. Davies, Avi Domb, Clive J. Roberts, Saul J. B. Tendler, and Phil M. WilliamsCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 3921–3927Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a049https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Large-scale subspace clustering using random sketching and validation (2015)

While successful in clustering multiple types of high-dimensional data, subspace clustering algorithms do not scale well as the number of data increases. The present paper puts forth a novel randomized subspace clustering algorithm for high-dimensional data based on a random sketching and validation approach. Utilizing a data-driven random sketching technique to estimate the underlying probability density function of the data, the performance of the proposed method is assessed via simulations, and is compared with state-of-the-art sparse subspace clustering methods.
Moessbauer spectra of iron complexes with macrocyclic ligands. Partial center shifts and partial quadrupole splittings (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMoessbauer spectra of iron complexes with macrocyclic ligands. Partial center shifts and partial quadrupole splittingsJames C. Dabrowiak, Philip H. Merrell, John A. Stone, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 20, 6613–6622Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00801a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00801a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts