gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In‐Flight Vehicle Health Management (2010)

Abstract Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) is a complex, multidisciplinary science that draws upon numerous fields including aerospace engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, mechanical engineering, statistics, and many sub‐disciplines of these fields. As operational costs rise for modern aerospace systems, health management technologies are becoming more critical from both safety and maintenance perspectives. The ultimate goal of an IVHM system is to detect, diagnose, predict, and mitigate adverse events during the operation of a system. Many traditional approaches to systems engineering break down the system into its constituent subsystems and components, each of which draws from its own scientific or engineering discipline. From a health management perspective, this is not sufficient; system‐level integration of subsystem health management capabilities is critical to the overall effectiveness of the final implementation. Moreover, the health management system design is sometimes an afterthought rather than an integral part of the design process. This can lead to a situation where appropriate sensing technologies, computational environments, and information management systems are not included in the final design. This chapter describes a systematic approach to the development of IVHM technologies and systems that emphasizes IVHM's most important goals – detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and mitigation – in a system or subsystem‐independent manner.
Quantification of Cry1Ac and Cry1F <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Insecticidal Proteins in Selected Transgenic Cotton Plant Tissue Types (2009)

Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to characterize the geographical (locations) and temporal (through 6 wk) expression of CrylAc, from Bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki, and Cry1F, from B. thuringiensis variety aizawai, in transgenic cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., plant structures. Terminal leaves, squares (flower buds), flowers, bolls (fruit), and mature leaves located five and eight nodes below the terminal apex were sampled during weeks 2, 4, and 6 after the initiation of anthesis. The effect of location (environment) significantly influenced protein expression levels, although similar trends were observed across locations. Cry1F was expressed at levels greater (1.1-29.0-fold) than that for CrylAc in all structures with exception to flowers. In contrast, the level of CrylAc in flowers was generally greater than Cry1F. Within each sampling period, concentrations of Cry1F in mature leaves (five and eight node) were greater than that for other structures. Expression was also greater for older, eight-node mature leaves than younger, five-node mature leaves. CrylAc expression in bolls was lowest compared with terminal leaves, squares, flowers, and mature leaves, which expressed at similar concentrations. Cry1F expression increased through time for mature leaves and terminal leaves; whereas, a decline in Cry1Ac protein concentration was observed for terminal leaves and bolls. The data presented here provides a means to understand observed levels of efficacy (patterns of insect damage) by comparing the spatial and temporal dynamics of expression for Cry1Ac and Cry1F in PhytoGen 440W transgenic cotton.
Noise-vibration-harshness-modeling and analysis of induction drives in E-mobility applications (2017)

This work addresses an efficient and highly reliable Noise-Vibration-Harshness simulation and analysis framework for electrical induction drives in E-mobility applications. Based on a combined nonlinear analytic and Finite-Element modeling structure in spatial frequency space the entire operational Noise-Vibration-Harshness-simulation is embedded in one simulation environment and can be performed with high richness of detail in comparison to usual simulation approaches. By using modal and Fourier-based decompositions of physical quantities the operation point dependent behavior is described by order-reduced order models. This allows an effective connection to various E-drive and control topologies to simulate the Noise-Vibration-Harshness-behavior for arbitrary operation cycles efficiently. The modeling approach is applied to a squirrel-cage three-phase induction machine. Simulation results as acoustic run-up spectrograms are shown and operational deflections at critical speeds are visualized. Electromagnetic and structural mechanic individual noise contributions are extracted as well as correlations between physical domains are derived. The high reliability of the simulation results is proven by a good correlation to real world measurements.
Finding smooth integers in short intervals using CRT decoding (2000)

We present a new algorithm for CRT list decoding. Given B,(pl,... ,p~) and (rl,... ,r,~), where the pi's are relatively prime, the CRT list decoding problem asks for all positive integers x < B such that x = ri modpi for all but e values of i E {1,... ,n}. Suppose B = I-[~=,p~ for some integer k. Goldreich, Ron, and Sudan recently gave several applications for this problem and presented an efficient algorithm whenever e (approximately) satisfies e < n -~/2kn~.
Abstract 11913: In vivo Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Coronary Microcirculation (2022)

Introduction: Imaging the coronary microcirculation in the beating heart is challenging due to motion artifact from cardiac contraction and respiration, which limits the application of high-resolution microscopy techniques. In the brain and other tissues with less motion artifact, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has been successfully used in rodents to create label-free maps of blood flow down to the capillary level. We hypothesized that advanced cardiac and respiratory gating together with high-speed optical coherence tomography can be used to implement OCTA of the capillary microcirculation in vivo in the mouse heart. Methods: C57BL/6 mice (n=30) were imaged through a sternotomy while anesthetized and ventilated. OCTA was performed using a custom tissue stabilizer and a Thorlabs TEL 321 Spectral Domain OCT system, which was synchronized to physiologic signals using custom hardware and software and cardiac pacing protocols. The system had an optical center wavelength of 1300 nm and produced axial (depth) and lateral resolutions of 4.2 μm and 13 μm, respectively. Angiograms were created from the difference between two consecutive images acquired during diastole, and a volumetric three-dimensional scan was acquired over multiple cardiac cycles. Images were analyzed in MATLAB and ImageJ to produce projection angiograms of the coronary microcirculation. Results: OCTA with cardiac and respiratory gating can produce high-resolution angiograms of the coronary microcirculation without exogenous contrast agents. OCTA has improved imaging depth and field of view compared to conventional confocal microscopy, and can produce widefield coronary angiograms (Fig. 1A) while maintaining the ability to visualize individual capillaries (Fig. 1B). Conclusion: In vivo OCTA can image the coronary microcirculation in the heart and will provide a powerful new tool for investigating coronary microvascular dysfunction in mouse models of heart disease.
Modeling ELF waves in the non-uniform Earth-ionosphere cavity (2021)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Below 100 Hz, in the lowest part of the extremely low frequency (ELF, 3 Hz - 3 kHz) band lightning-radiated electromagnetic waves propagate with extremely low attenuation (roughly below 1 dB/Mm) within the Earth-ionosphere waveguide which makes possible the formation of global electromagnetic resonances, known as Schumann resonances (SRs). The most commonly used description of this resonance field assumes a uniform Earth-ionosphere cavity, i.e. that the propagation conditions for ELF waves are practically the same on the dayside and nightside hemispheres, which is the most vulnerable simplification of these models.&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In this work we present two different forward models for SRs that take into consideration the day-night asymmetry of the Earth-ionosphere cavity and are based on the analytical and numerical solutions of the two-dimensional telegraph equation (TDTE). We present numerical tests showing that the two models produce practically the same output, i.e. the relative difference between them is less than 0.4%. The conspicuous conformity between the outputs establishes not only the correctness of the formalisms but the correctness of the implementations (the coding) as well. To the best of the authors&amp;amp;#8217; knowledge this is the first work that verifies this conformity between the two independent solutions.&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;We also compare our stationary models with time-dependent solutions of the TDTE as the stationarity of the resonance field may represent the next most vulnerable simplification that needs to be dismissed to approach a more realistic theoretical description of SRs. All these steps in model development serve our aim to infer global lightning activity based on multi-station ELF measurements by applying a sophisticated inversion algorithm.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Position sensorless control method at zero speed region for permanent magnet synchronous motors based on block commutation drive (2013)

A new position sensor-less method has been developed for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in zero speed regions. This method utilizes the induced voltage caused by magnetic saturation (IVMS) of PMSM. The rotor position can be detected by IVMS. Furthermore, we introduce a bi-polar pulse modulation to the zero-speed region. By this modulation, both the normal and reversal direction IVMS can be detected and the bi-direction drive achieved. The principle of the proposed method and the experimental results are discussed in this paper.
FGFR4-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptors Combined with Anti-Myeloid Polypharmacy Effectively Treat Orthotopic Rhabdomyosarcoma (2022)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue cancer in children. Treatment outcomes, particularly for relapsed/refractory or metastatic disease, have not improved in decades. The current lack of novel therapies and low tumor mutational burden suggest that chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy could be a promising approach to treating RMS. Previous work identified FGF receptor 4 (FGFR4, CD334) as being specifically upregulated in RMS, making it a candidate target for CAR T cells. We tested the feasibility of an FGFR4-targeted CAR for treating RMS using an NSG mouse with RH30 orthotopic (intramuscular) tumors. The first barrier we noted was that RMS tumors produce a collagen-rich stroma, replete with immunosuppressive myeloid cells, when T-cell therapy is initiated. This stromal response is not seen in tumor-only xenografts. When scFV-based binders were selected from phage display, CARs targeting FGFR4 were not effective until our screening approach was refined to identify binders to the membrane-proximal domain of FGFR4. Having improved the CAR, we devised a pharmacologic strategy to augment CAR T-cell activity by inhibiting the myeloid component of the T-cell-induced tumor stroma. The combined treatment of mice with anti-myeloid polypharmacy (targeting CSF1R, IDO1, iNOS, TGFbeta, PDL1, MIF, and myeloid misdifferentiation) allowed FGFR4 CAR T cells to successfully clear orthotopic RMS tumors, demonstrating that RMS tumors, even with very low copy-number targets, can be targeted by CAR T cells upon reversal of an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Structural and thermodynamic studies of d(C3T4C3) in acid solution: evidence for formation of the hemiprotonated CH+.cntdot.C base pair (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural and thermodynamic studies of d(C3T4C3) in acid solution: evidence for formation of the hemiprotonated CH+.cntdot.C base pairDaniel S. Pilch and Richard H. ShaferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 7, 2565–2571Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00060a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (805 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Restriction-Fragment–Length Polymorphism in Insulin-Receptor Gene and Insulin Resistance in NIDDM (1988)

Restriction-enzyme analysis of genomic DNA from 52 White and Hispanic nondiabetic subjects and 51 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) was carried out with insulin-receptor cDNA probes. A polymorphic 5.8-kilobase SstI fragment was found in 12 (23.5%) of 51 NIDDM subjects but only in 4 (7.7%) of 52 nondiabetic control subjects. This association is significant by chi 2-analysis (P less than .05). Furthermore, the nondiabetic subjects with the polymorphism were found to have hyperinsulinemia and/or nondiagnostic glucose tolerance. The polymorphism is a genetic marker for a phenotype that is neither necessary nor, by itself, sufficient for NIDDM. Nevertheless, it may indicate that insulin resistance functionally related to an insulin-receptor gene polymorphism is the proximal cause of NIDDM in at least one subset of the population.
Comprehensive Analysis of NKG2D Ligand Expression and Release in Leukemia: Implications for NKG2D-Mediated NK Cell Responses (2012)

Ligands of the prototypical activating NK receptor NKG2D render cancer cells susceptible to NK cell-mediated cytolysis if expressed at sufficiently high levels. However, malignant cells employ mechanisms to evade NKG2D-mediated immunosurveillance, such as NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL) shedding resulting in reduced surface expression levels. In addition, systemic downregulation of NKG2D on NK cells of cancer patients has been observed in many studies and was attributed to soluble NKG2DL (sNKG2DL), although there also are conflicting data. Likewise, relevant expression of NKG2DL in leukemia has been reported by some, but not all studies. Hence, we comprehensively studied expression, release, and function of the NKG2D ligands MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B and UL16-binding proteins 1-3 in 205 leukemia patients. Leukemia cells of most patients (75%) expressed at least one NKG2DL at the surface, and all investigated patient sera contained elevated sNKG2DL levels. Besides correlating NKG2DL levels with clinical data and outcome, we demonstrate that sNKG2DL in patient sera reduce NKG2D expression on NK cells, resulting in impaired antileukemia reactivity, which also critically depends on number and levels of surface-expressed NKG2DL. Together, we provide comprehensive data on the relevance of NKG2D/NKG2DL expression, release, and function for NK reactivity in leukemia, which exemplifies the mechanisms underlying NKG2D-mediated tumor immunosurveillance and escape.
Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen in Water Using Glass-Encapsulated Myoglobin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of Dissolved Oxygen in Water Using Glass-Encapsulated MyoglobinKwang E. Chung, Esther H. Lan, Mike S. Davidson, Bruce S. Dunn, Joan Selverstone. Valentine, and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 9, 1505–1509Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00105a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00105a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views677Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exchange Anisotropy of Monodispersed Co/CoO Cluster Assemblies (2000)

Monodispersed Co/CoO cluster assemblies with the mean cluster size of 13 nm have been prepared using a plasma-gas-condensation-type cluster beam deposition apparatus. The structural analysis and magnetic measurement indicate that the Co cluster is covered by an oxide shell composed of CoO. The effect of the oxygen gas flow rate during deposition and that of temperature on the coercivity and hysteresis loop shift induced by field cooling were measured. The effect of the CoO shell on the loop shift and the temperature dependence of the exchange anisotropy are discussed. The unidirectional anisotropy is negligible above 200 K for the present assemblies. This is ascribed to the rapid decrease of the anisotropy of the antiferromagnetic interfacial layers near the interface of the Co cores and CoO shells.
p‐Chlorotetrafluorophenyl esters of N‐protected amino acids (1994)

p-Chlorotetrafluorophenyl (Tfc) esters of protected amino acids and peptides are more reactive than are the well known pentafluorophenyl (Pfp) esters. Two reagents, p-chlorotetrafluorophenyltrifluoroacetate (Tfc-OTfa) and di-(p-chlorotetrafluorophenyl)carbonate (di-Tfc-carbonate), can be used for their syntheses, thereby avoiding use of the allergic dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. This is especially important for bulk preparations. Many Fmoc- and Boc-amino acid-OTfc esters have been synthesized and characterized. The hexadecameric tandem repeat H-(AlaAlaLysPro)4-OH was synthesized using di-Tfc-carbonate for the preparation of Tfc-esters.
Module-level cell processing of silicon heterojunction interdigitated back-contacted (SHJ-IBC) solar cells with efficiencies above 22%: Towards all-dry processing (2016)

Module-level processing of silicon heterojunction interdigitated back-contacted (SHJ-IBC) solar cells while bonded to glass, in the so-called i <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -module concept, is discussed. In this approach, a key challenge is the interdigitated patterning of a-Si:H without compromising on the rear-surface passivation. Process adaptations involving more resistant bonding agents and a milder wet etchant enabled bonded cells with the best efficiency of 21.7% and Voc of 734 mV, which are the highest reported for bonded cells processed partially at module level, and which undoubtedly proves the potential of this i <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -module concept to reach high Voc and efficiency. Yet another challenge is to make the process flow cost-effective and industrially-relevant, i.e. a litho-free, all-dry process flow, analogous to thin-film PV module fabrication. As a first step, dry etching of a-Si:H was developed to replace wet etching, and was successfully incorporated in a SHJ-IBC process flow to fabricate freestanding cells with the best efficiency of 22.9% and above 20% on thick (190 μm) and thin (56 μm) EVA-bonded silicon.
Investigation of Multilevel Phase and Amplitude Modulation Formats in Combination With Polarization Multiplexing up to 240 Gb/s (2006)

We present experimental investigations of the receiver sensitivity and dispersion tolerance of multilevel optical communication systems with a symbol rate of 40 Gbaud. Four- and eight-level communication is obtained by combining binary amplitude modulation with either binary or quadrature differential phase modulation. We experimentally compare the dispersion tolerance, and show that multilevel modulation formats offer much better dispersion tolerance compared to binary formats. By combining multilevel modulation with polarization multiplexing, bit rates up to 240 Gb/s were obtained. We demonstrate transmission over 50-km fiber span with no power penalty for a pseudorandom binary sequence length of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> -1 bits
Genetic variation in HTR4 and lung function: GWAS follow‐up in mouse (2014)

Human genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and pulmonary function. Proving that there is a causal relationship between GWAS SNPs, many of which are noncoding and without known functional impact, and these traits has been elusive. Furthermore, noncoding GWAS-identified SNPs may exert trans-regulatory effects rather than impact the proximal gene. Noncoding variants in 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 4 (HTR4) are associated with pulmonary function in human GWASs. To gain insight into whether this association is causal, we tested whether Htr4-null mice have altered pulmonary function. We found that HTR4-deficient mice have 12% higher baseline lung resistance and also increased methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) as measured by lung resistance (27%), tissue resistance (48%), and tissue elastance (30%). Furthermore, Htr4-null mice were more sensitive to serotonin-induced AHR. In models of exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide, bleomycin, and allergic airway inflammation induced by house dust mites, pulmonary function and cytokine profiles in Htr4-null mice differed little from their wild-type controls. The findings of altered baseline lung function and increased AHR in Htr4-null mice support a causal relationship between genetic variation in HTR4 and pulmonary function identified in human GWAS.
Tailored synthesis of macroporous Pt/WO3 photocatalyst with nanoaggregates via flame assisted spray pyrolysis (2016)

High‐surface‐area macroporous WO 3 particles with deposited Pt (Pt/WO 3 ) were successfully synthesized for the first time, using flame‐assisted spray pyrolysis. Nanoparticle aggregates‐like structures (nanoaggregates) were formed, although a salt precursor was used for the synthesis. The macroporous structure was tailored by changing the mass ratio of the polystyrene template to ammonium tungstate pentahydrate. The cavities between the nanoaggregates formed mesopores, which increased the surface area. The presence of meso‐ and macro‐pores in the synthesized Pt/WO 3 particles improved their photocatalytic activities in visible‐light‐induced photodegradation of rhodamine B. The combination of a high surface area and the presence of an in situ‐deposited Pt cocatalyst gave a high photodecomposition rate, approximately 9.6 times higher than that achieved with dense WO 3 particles. This research provides a promising strategy for synthesizing submicron particles with high surface areas at a high production rate, and is suitable for industrial applications. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 62: 3864–3873, 2016