gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capsules with polyurea shells and ionic liquid cores for CO2 capture (2021)

Abstract Many ionic liquids (ILs) have good solubilities of CO 2 but the high viscosity of ILs makes them cumbersome and kinetically limits gas uptake. Encapsulation of ILs is an effective approach to overcoming these limitations. In capsules with a core of IL, the chemical composition of the shell impacts performance. Here, we report the preparation of capsules with a core of the IL [Bmim][PF 6 ] and polymer composite shell, then evaluate how the identity of the polymer impacts CO 2 uptake. IL‐in‐oil Pickering emulsions stabilized by nanosheets are used, with capsules formed by interfacial polymerization between different diamines and diisocyanates (e.g., shells are polyurea and nanosheets). The capsules contain 60–80 wt% IL and the composition was verified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle sizing data showed spherical, discrete capsules with 50–125 μm in diameter. All capsules are stable up to 250°C. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis of CO 2 gas uptake data showed that different polymer compositions led to different CO 2 uptake properties, with capacity ranging from 0.065 to 0.025 moles of CO 2 /kg sorbent at 760 torr and 20°C. This work demonstrates that the polymer identity of the shell impacts gas uptake properties and supports that shell composition can tailor performance.
Lentiviral vector integration in the human genome induces alternative splicing and generates aberrant transcripts (2012)

Retroviral vectors integrate in genes and regulatory elements and may cause transcriptional deregulation of gene expression in target cells. Integration into transcribed genes also has the potential to deregulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by interfering with splicing and polyadenylation of primary transcripts. To examine the impact of retroviral vector integration on transcript splicing, we transduced primary human cells or cultured cells with HIV-derived vectors carrying a reporter gene or a human β-globin gene under the control of a reduced-size locus-control region (LCR). Cells were randomly cloned and integration sites were determined in individual clones. We identified aberrantly spliced, chimeric transcripts in more than half of the targeted genes in all cell types. Chimeric transcripts were generated through the use of constitutive and cryptic splice sites in the HIV 5ι long terminal repeat and gag gene as well as in the β-globin gene and LCR. Compared with constitutively spliced transcripts, most aberrant transcripts accumulated at a low level, at least in part as a consequence of nonsense-mediated mRNA degradation. A limited set of cryptic splice sites caused the majority of aberrant splicing events, providing a strategy for recoding lentiviral vector backbones and transgenes to reduce their potential posttranscriptional genotoxicity.
Discovery of Novel Dyes with Absorption Maxima at 1.1 μm (2002)

During the process of developing organic molecules that match the wavelengths used in optical communications, we have discovered a new class of dyes, with absorption maxima at 1.1 mum, and clarified their molecular structures. The synthesis of this class of dyes was supposed to involve unexpected intramolecular tandem reactions, and the effect of alkyl substituents on such a synthesis was investigated. As a result, an effective alkyl-substituent structure for realizing a high synthetic yield and good solubility in organic solvents was found. Furthermore, thin films made of such a highly soluble dye were fabricated by solution-coating, and they exhibited a red-shifted absorption band with a maximum at approximately 1.3 mum, indicating the formation of J-like aggregates. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility chi(3) of these thin films at 1.3 mum, which is the wavelength used in optical communications, was measured by the Z-scan technique. The magnitude of chi(3) reaches approximately 10-7 esu. These results suggest that the solution-coated thin films of this type of dye are potential materials for optical switching at 1.3 mum and for other nonlinear optical applications.
568 XTX201, a protein-engineered IL-2, exhibits tumor-selective activity in mice without peripheral toxicities in non-human primates (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> High-dose recombinant human interleukin-2 (aldesleukin) elicits durable anti-tumor immunity and gained FDA approval two decades prior to checkpoint blockers. However, use of aldesleukin is limited due to treatment-related life-threatening toxicities. Second generation efforts to alleviate toxicities have largely focused on eliminating binding to IL-2Rα, often with half-life extension. We have determined that mice and non-human primates (NHPs) treated with a 2nd generation IL-2 surrogate that does not bind IL-2Rα still experience characteristic dose-limiting toxicities, including vascular leak syndrome (VLS), and exhibit dysregulated peripheral immune function due to reduced Treg activation. To overcome these toxicities and improve the therapeutic index of IL-2 as an anti-tumor immunotherapy, we employed protein engineering to generate XTX201, a highly potent 3rd generation IL-2 that is designed to be selectively active in tumors, stimulating cytolytic responses against tumor cells while sparing systemic immune activation. <h3>Methods</h3> XTX201 binding interactions were measured with SPR, and bioactivity was measured using STAT-5 phosphorylation in human PBMCs and reporter cell lines. Anti-tumor efficacy and immune activation was evaluated in tumors compared to peripheral organs in syngeneic tumor mouse models. Safety and pharmacokinetics were evaluated in rodents and NHPs. <h3>Results</h3> Non-activated XTX201 showed no detectable binding to IL-2Rα or IL-2Rβ, and limited IL-2R-dependent STAT-5 signaling in vitro. Activation of XTX201 resulted in high-affinity binding to IL-2Rβ and no binding to IL-2Rα, leading to a ~1000-fold reduction in Treg activation as compared to WT IL-2, while retaining CD8+ T and NK cell activation. Mice and NHPs treated with a 2nd generation IL-2 surrogate experienced toxicities that are commonly observed in patients treated with aldesleukin, including pulmonary edema, VLS, fever and lethality. However, XTX201 did not induce toxicities at exposures 100-fold higher than the MTD of the activated version, and achieved similar anti-tumor efficacy in mice. Experiments in primary human solid tumors and human plasma indicated that XTX201 is preferentially activated in the tumor microenvironment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data demonstrate that 2nd generation IL-2s that are systemically active and lack binding to IL-2Rα exhibit dose-limiting toxicities unless further engineered for selective activity in tumors. XTX201, a 3rd generation, tumor-selective IL-2, exhibits a long half-life and is innocuous outside of tumors. XTX201 is activated within tumors to release an IL-2Rβ/γ biased cytokine that inhibits tumor growth in syngeneic models, and exhibits tumor-specific pharmacodynamic effects without peripheral toxicities. XTX201 has the potential to be a best-in-class IL-2 immunotherapy by expanding the curative anti-tumor activity of aldesleukin while minimizing dose-limiting toxicities.
Joint Distributed Link Scheduling and Power Allocation for Content Delivery in Wireless Caching Networks (2019)

In wireless caching networks, the design of the content delivery method must consider random user requests, caching states, network topology, and interference management. In this paper, we establish a general framework for content delivery in wireless caching networks without stringent assumptions that restrict the network structure, delivery link, and interference model. Based on the framework, we propose a dynamic and distributed link scheduling and power allocation scheme for content delivery that is assisted by belief-propagation (BP) algorithms. Considering content-requesting users and potential caching nodes, the scheme achieves three critical purposes of wireless caching networks: 1) limiting the delay of user request satisfactions, 2) maintaining the power efficiency of caching nodes, and 3) managing interference among users. In addition, we address the intrinsic problem of the BP algorithm in our network model, proposing a matching algorithm for one-to-one link scheduling. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides almost the same delay performance as the optimal scheme found through an exhaustive search at the expense of a little additional power consumption and does not require a clustering method and orthogonal resources in a large-scale D2D network.
cDNA Sequences for Transcripts of the Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Small Subunit Gene Family of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (1991)

The small subunit protein (Table The clones were as in other higher plants, by a multigene family (1, 3, 7). One screened by a combination of sequencing into the 5' leaders and the 3' noncoding regions and by hybridization using gene 'Supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture specific DNA probes. The cDNA clones contained inserts Competitive Research Grants Office (89-37264-4711) and by Ari-generated from four different rbcS genes designated rbcS-1, zona Agricultural Experiment Station (ARZT-136334/6).
Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films Deposited by Excimer Laser Ablation (2001)

Thin films of Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 (PZT) were prepared by excimer laser ablation on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate and were crystallized by subsequent annealing at 750°C for 90 min. Crystalline phases in the PZT films were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The microstructure and composition of the films were studied by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. It is found that the films consist almost entirely of the perovskite phase, but a thin layer of the pyrochlore phase exists at the surface of the films. Electrical properties of these films were evaluated by measuring P – E hysteresis loops and dielectric constants. The remanent polarization and the coercive field of the films were 23.9 µC/cm 2 and 60.5 kV/cm, respectively, while the dielectric constant and loss values measured at 1 kHz were approximately 950 and 0.04, respectively. The effect of the microstructure on the electrical properties of the PZT thin films is discussed.
More than skin deep (2011)

In access-control systems, policy rules conflict when they prescribe different decisions (allow or deny) for the same access. We present the results of a user study that demonstrates the significant impact of conflict-resolution method on policy-authoring usability. In our study of 54 participants, varying the conflict-resolution method yielded statistically significant differences in accuracy in five of the six tasks we tested, including differences in accuracy rates of up to 78%. Our results suggest that a conflict-resolution method favoring rules of smaller scope over rules of larger scope is more usable than the Microsoft Windows operating system's method of favoring deny rules over allow rules. Perhaps more importantly, our results demonstrate that even seemingly small changes to a system's semantics can fundamentally affect the system's usability in ways that are beyond the power of user interfaces to correct.
Silicon-Carbide-Based Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Nanocavities (2010)

We demonstrate the first silicon-carbide-based photonic crystal nanocavities operated at a wide range of 500~1400 nm. Furthermore, we show that two-photon absorption in the cavity is completely inhibited even at ultra-high-energy light (~1550 nm) input.
Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Low‐Temperature Polycondensation Approach (2017)

Abstract Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are normally synthesized by ionothermal methods. The harsh synthetic conditions and associated limited structural diversity do not benefit for further development and practical large‐scale synthesis of CTFs. Herein we report a new strategy to construct CTFs (CTF‐HUSTs) via a polycondensation approach, which allows the synthesis of CTFs under mild conditions from a wide array of building blocks. Interestingly, these CTFs display a layered structure. The CTFs synthesized were also readily scaled up to gram quantities. The CTFs are potential candidates for separations, photocatalysis and for energy storage applications. In particular, CTF‐HUSTs are found to be promising photocatalysts for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a maximum rate of 2647 μmol h −1 g −1 under visible light. We also applied a pyrolyzed form of CTF‐HUST‐4 as an anode material in a sodium‐ion battery achieving an excellent discharge capacity of 467 mAh g −1 .
Speech Cine SSFP with optical microphone synchronization and motion compensated reconstruction (2014)

Dynamic imaging of the vocal tact is important for modeling speech
through the acoustic-articulatory relation. The average duration of each sound is
about 80ms. Movements of each articulator, in particular the tongue, should be
captured with sufficient precision. Current clinical techniques use X-ray video
fluoroscopy which involves ionizing radiation. Real-time MRI allows direct recording
of speech motion [1] but is intrinsically limited in terms of resolution and SNR.
Synchronization of MRI with an acoustic device is possible [2] but requires motion of
vocal system to be highly reproducible. In this work we propose an optimized setup
for achieving dynamic MRI of speech with high spatial and temporal resolution based
on a combination of: an MR-compatible acoustic device allowing simultaneous
recording of speech during MRI; and a retrospectively gated, motion-compensated
image reconstruction that can deal with the variability of the subject repeating the
same sentence over the acquisition.
Elastic Fwi to Directly Estimate Subsurface Elastic Properties in Sub-Salt Environment – Field Data Example (2022)

Summary Pre-Salt seismic data typically suffers from significant challenges due to illumination, non-primary mode noises (converted waves, multiples) arising from hard contrast. The cumulative effect leads to loss of signal quality and loss of frequency in the data. Elastic FWI provides a path forward in addressing many of these challenges by directly inverting the raw seismic shots to produce elastic properties such as impedance, Vp/Vs and P-wave velocity. Using a field example we will demonstrate the efficacy of the eFWI approach.
A 9.5nW, 0.55V Supply, CMOS Current Reference for Low Power Biomedical Applications (2022)

This brief proposes an ultra-low-power current reference in TSMC 180nm technology. Temperature compensation is achieved by taking the ratio of compensated voltage and an on-chip resistance. This design uses the concept of the back-gate effect of critical MOSFET to generate complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) voltage. The circuit works from a supply voltage of 0.55V and is designed for a reference current of 5.6nA. Furthermore, a pseudo-differential amplifier (PD-AMP) helps realize low line regulation of 0.022%/V in the supply range of 0.55 to 1.9V. An average temperature coefficient (TC) of 256.07ppm/°C is achieved for mismatch and process variations in Monte-Carlo simulations for 1000 samples over a temperature range of −30°C to 70°C. The circuit consumes only 9.5nW of power (at room temperature and minimum supply voltage), making it suitable for ultra-low-power biomedical applications.
Physiology and pathophysiology of sperm motility (2007)

Mammalian spermatozoa become motile and acquire the ability to swim during their transit from the testis to the oviduct. These changes are initiated and controlled by several extra-and intracellular factors, which also play a pivotal role in regulating the acquisition of hyperactivated motility and chemotaxis.
The class I-specific HDAC inhibitor MS-275 modulates the differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells (2013)

Exploitation of embryonic stem cells (ESC) for therapeutic use and biomedical applications is severely hampered by the risk of teratocarcinoma formation. Here, we performed a screen of selected epi-modulating compounds and demonstrate that a transient exposure of mouse ESC to MS-275 (Entinostat), a class I histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC), modulates differentiation and prevents teratocarcinoma formation. Morphological and molecular data indicate that MS-275-primed ESCs are committed towards neural differentiation, which is supported by transcriptome analyses. Interestingly, in vitro withdrawal of MS-275 reverses the primed cells to the pluripotent state. In vivo, MS275-primed ES cells injected into recipient mice give only rise to benign teratomas but not teratocarcinomas with prevalence of neural-derived structures. In agreement, MS-275-primed ESC are unable to colonize blastocysts. These findings provide evidence that a transient alteration of acetylation alters the ESC fate.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of Sodium on the MoO3‐SiO2‐Catalyzed Partial Oxidation of Methane. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of β‐D‐Mannopyranosides. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microfluidic Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy via Microresonator-Based Dual-Comb Source (2019)

We combine microfluidic technology with microresonator-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy. We measure flow dynamics of acetone with a spectral acquisition rate of 200-kHz over 90 cm-1 span and &lt;150 fL sample volume over a 100-ms period.
Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interactions of guanosine and cytidine in dimethyl sulfoxide (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNuclear magnetic resonance study of the interactions of guanosine and cytidine in dimethyl sulfoxideR. A. Newmark and Charles R. CantorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 18, 5010–5017Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01020a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01020a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SCDT-10. OVERALL SURVIVAL IN AN ORTHOTOPIC MALIGNANT GLIOMA MODEL IS SIGNIFICANTLY PROLONGED BY NEUROSURGICAL DELIVERY OF PLGA/PEG INTERSTITIAL CHEMOTHERAPY PASTE (2017)

The blood brain barrier is a critical limiting step to achieving therapeutic CNS drug concentrations. We have developed a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG)-based platform technology to interstitially deliver multiple chemotherapy agents from a single thermo-setting biodegradable paste, achieving high local but low systemic concentrations and sustained delivery of cytotoxic drugs directly to the CNS. Here we evaluate mouldable PLGA/PEG paste for combined temozolomide (TMZ) and etoposide (ETOP) delivery in an orthotopic high grade glioma animal model. Drug release and preserved stability of the active TMZ molecule (AIC) was evaluated by fluoroscopic and LC-mass spectrometer based methods. In vitro cytotoxicity of released TMZ/ETOP was evaluated against high grade glioma cell lines and patient-derived primary cultures using metabolic assays. In vivo efficacy and overall survival were evaluated in the syngeneic orthotopic 9L glioma rat model of intra cavity chemotherapy, previously utilised pre-clinically to develop Gliadel®. TMZ and ETOP were released from PLGA/PEG alone or in dual combinations over 2 weeks in vitro. Cytotoxicity of released drugs in vitro is comparable to directly applied agents, demonstrating the retained molecular integrity of TMZ/ETOP upon loading and releasing from PLGA/PEG. Both high (20% w/w TMZ / 50% w/w ETOP) and low (10% w/w TMZ / 25% w/w ETOP) doses were well tolerated in vivo, with no observable weight loss nor neurological deficits. Significant positive survival benefits from PLGA/PEG/TMZ/ETOP therapy were observed in vivo compared to surgery alone, surgery with blank paste (49 vs. 14 days; p < 0.001) or surgery plus oral TMZ (49 vs. 33 days; p < 0.004). This study demonstrates that localised dual release of TMZ/ETOP achieves a significant extension to overall survival in vivo. As such, PLGA/PEG paste applied to the post-surgical resection cavity offers a realistic opportunity for localised control of residual malignant glioma cells.
Automatic Quantitative Analysis Of Digital Cardiac Angiographic Sequences (1989)

This paper describes a fully automated system for quantitatively analyzing digital coronary angiograms and ventriculograms. Angiographic and ventriculographic image sequences are initially acquired in a purely digital format and stored on a video-rate digital disk system. Left ventriculograms and coronary angiograms are analyzed by this system which functionally is divided into three distinct categories: 1) Image Sequence Review, 2) Coronary Vasculature Analysis, and 3) Left Ventricular Analysis. The software system described integrates the quantitative analysis functions required in a cardiac catheterization laboratory into a single, menu-driven package. The angiograms and ventriculograms displayed, enhanced, and analyzed are in a digital format. All analyses are performed automatically with provisions for user intervention and editing. The algorithms and models upon which this package is based are described.
Noninvasive Measurement of the Bubble Boundary Layer in Bubbly Flows Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profile Monitor (UVP) (2003)

We discussed the reasons why the measurement error due to the measuring volume reduces against the anticipation, and why the data appropriate to fluid dynamics are obtained clean, in the case where we measure the bubble boundary layer using an Ultrasonic Velocity Profile Monitor (UVP). The previous estimations of the error due to measuring volumes based on only the shape of bubbles, leaving the behavior of bubble boundary layers out of consideration, have possibilities to estimate it fairly larger than the practical. Because the separated shear layer could be measured in almost parallel with the disk-like measuring volumes, the flow structure in the liquid phase around bubbles, namely the structure of bubble boundary layers, could be captured with little distortion in spite of large measuring volumes of the UVP.