gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
5-HT1B receptor agonist enhances breakpoint for cocaine on a progressive ratio (PR) schedule during maintenance of self-administration in female rats but reduces breakpoint for sucrose (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Previous research showed that the 5-HT<sub>1B</sub> receptor agonist CP94253 enhanced cocaine reinforcement rate during maintenance of daily self-administration (SA), but inhibited reinforcement rate after 21 days of abstinence in male rats. Here we examined whether female rats show similar effects of CP94253 during maintenance as males across estrous cycle phases. <b>Methods:</b> Female rats trained on a fixed ratio 5 (FR5) cocaine reinforcement schedule were tested for the effects of CP94253 (5.6 mg/kg, s.c.) on cocaine reinforcement rate during each phase of the estrous cycle, with access to either low (0.075 and 0.1875) or high (0.375 and 0.75) cocaine doses available for 1 h sequentially in descending dose order. Other female and male rats trained on a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of cocaine or sucrose reinforcement were tested for CP94253 (0, 3.2, 5.6, and 10 mg/kg, s.c.) effects on reinforcement rate in 3-h sessions. CP94253 effects on responding during sucrose cue-reactivity were also examined post-abstinence. <b>Results:</b> Regardless of sex, CP94253 enhanced breakpoints on the PR schedule during maintenance of cocaine SA but attenuated breakpoints for sucrose reinforcement and decreased responding during sucrose cue-reactivity. FR results showed that CP94253 attenuated cocaine reinforcement rate during all estrous cycle phases except metestrus. <b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, we suggest that CP94253 increased incentive motivation for cocaine during maintenance of SA in female and male rats, yet decreased motivation for sucrose. We also suggest that 5-HT<sub>1B</sub>Rs modulate motivation similarly across sexes except when females are in metestrus.
Treatment with the Olive Secoiridoid Oleacein Protects against the Intestinal Alterations Associated with EAE (2023)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease. Recent investigations highlight the gut-brain axis as a communication network with crucial implications in neurological diseases. Thus, disrupted intestinal integrity allows the translocation of luminal molecules into systemic circulation, promoting systemic/brain immune-inflammatory responses. In both, MS and its preclinical model, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) gastrointestinal symptoms including "leaky gut" have been reported. Oleacein (OLE), a phenolic compound from extra virgin olive oil or olive leaves, harbors a wide range of therapeutic properties. Previously, we showed OLE effectiveness preventing motor defects and inflammatory damage of CNS tissues on EAE mice. The current studies examine its potential protective effects on intestinal barrier dysfunction using MOG<sub>35-55</sub>-induced EAE in C57BL/6 mice. OLE decreased EAE-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the intestine, preventing tissue injury and permeability alterations. OLE protected from EAE-induced superoxide anion and accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products in colon, also enhancing its antioxidant capacity. These effects were accompanied by reduced colonic IL-1β and TNFα levels in OLE-treated EAE mice, whereas the immunoregulatory cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 remained unchanged. Moreover, OLE protected the mucin-containing goblet cells in colon and the serum levels of iFABP and sCD14, markers that reflect loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and low-grade systemic inflammation, were significantly reduced. These effects on intestinal permeability did not draw significant differences on the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota. However, OLE induced an EAE-independent raise in the abundance of <i>Akkermansiaceae</i> family. Consistently, using Caco-2 cells as an in vitro model, we confirmed that OLE protected against intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by harmful mediators present in both EAE and MS. This study proves that the protective effect of OLE in EAE also involves normalizing the gut alterations associated to the disease.
Melittin Suppresses HIF-1α/VEGF Expression through Inhibition of ERK and mTOR/p70S6K Pathway in Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells (2013)

MEL specifically suppressed EGF-induced VEGF secretion and new blood vessel formation by inhibiting HIF-1α. These results suggest that MEL may inhibit human cervical cancer progression and angiogenesis by inhibiting HIF-1α and VEGF expression.
ALD Heterojunction Ovonic Threshold Switches (2020)

Conformal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of chalcogenide films would enable aggressive 3D integration of nonvolatile memories; unfortunately, the fabrication of high-performance ALD OTSs remains an unsolved problem. Here we present an ALD process to incorporate As in a quaternary GeAsSeTe (GAST) film showing excellent conformality, controllable thickness, and composition homogeneity. The films were used to produce a GeSe/GAST heterojunction-OTS selector. We demonstrate low leakage current (∼10–9 A over a 0.01 μm2 area measured at VTH/2), a VTH ∼ 3 V, a switching time of ∼2 ns—and an outstanding endurance exceeding 109 cycles—on par with the current OTS state-of-the-art.
Quantitative Analysis of Ingenol in Euphorbia species via Validated Isotope Dilution Ultra‐high Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2017)

The newly established UHPLC-MS/MS method shows to be an appropriate tool for screening of the Euphorbia genus for ingenol content and allows selection of species suitable for raw material production and/or in vitro culture initiation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A trie-based algorithm for IP lookup problem (2002)

The increase in routing table sizes, number of updates, traffic, speed of links and migration to IPv6 have made IP address lookup, based on longest prefix matching, a major bottleneck for high performance routers. We evaluate and compare several schemes based on complexity analysis and simulation results. We present a trie based scheme, which we call linked list cascade addressable trie (LLCAT), which is easy to be implemented in hardware and allows routing table update operations to be performed incrementally requiring very few memory operations guaranteed for worst case to satisfy requirements of dynamic routing tables in high speed routers. We also consider compression schemes to be applied to our algorithm to improve memory consumption and search time.
Myeloma cells suppress osteoblasts through sclerostin secretion (2011)

Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling through the secretion of Wnt inhibitors Dickkopf1, soluble frizzled-related protein-2 and -3 has a key role in the decreased osteoblast (OB) activity associated with multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease. We provide evidence that another Wnt antagonist, sclerostin, an osteocyte-expressed negative regulator of bone formation, is expressed by myeloma cells, that is, human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) and plasma cells (CD138+ cells) obtained from the bone marrow (BM) of a large number of MM patients with bone disease. We demonstrated that BM stromal cells (BMSCs), differentiated into OBs and co-cultured with HMCLs showed, compared with BMSCs alone, reduced expression of major osteoblastic-specific proteins, decreased mineralized nodule formation and attenuated the expression of members of the activator protein 1 transcription factor family (Fra-1, Fra-2 and Jun-D). Moreover, in the same co-culture system, the addition of neutralizing anti-sclerostin antibodies restored OB functions by inducing nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. We further demonstrated that the upregulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand and the downregulation of osteoprotegerin in OBs were also sclerostin mediated. Our data indicated that sclerostin secretion by myeloma cells contribute to the suppression of bone formation in the osteolytic bone disease associated to MM.
Multiplicity dependence of (multi-)strange hadron production in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$ = 13 TeV (2020)

Abstract The production rates and the transverse momentum distribution of strange hadrons at mid-rapidity ( $$\left| y\right| &lt; 0.5$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mfenced><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> ) are measured in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt></mml:math> = 13 TeV as a function of the charged particle multiplicity, using the ALICE detector at the LHC. The production rates of $$\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math> , $$\Lambda $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi></mml:math> , $$\Xi $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>Ξ</mml:mi></mml:math> , and $$\Omega $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>Ω</mml:mi></mml:math> increase with the multiplicity faster than what is reported for inclusive charged particles. The increase is found to be more pronounced for hadrons with a larger strangeness content. Possible auto-correlations between the charged particles and the strange hadrons are evaluated by measuring the event-activity with charged particle multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions. When comparing to lower energy results, the yields of strange hadrons are found to depend only on the mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity. Several features of the data are reproduced qualitatively by general purpose QCD Monte Carlo models that take into account the effect of densely-packed QCD strings in high multiplicity collisions. However, none of the tested models reproduce the data quantitatively. This work corroborates and extends the ALICE findings on strangeness production in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV.
Mitigation of distortion and memory effect in a concurrent dual-band six port receiver (2014)

A new calibration technique for a concurrent dual band six port receiver (SPR) is presented. This calibration technique uses a modified memory polynomial (MP) to model the non-idealities and imperfections in the six port receiver architecture which includes the six port wave correlator and the diode detectors used. Using an inverse model, the in-phase and quadrature component of a transmitted signal is estimated. This is a black box model and the calibration coefficients are estimated by sending and receiving a known training signal. The least square algorithm is used in coefficient estimation. The calibration technique is used to receive concurrently two signals with different modulation and characteristics. First 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and 16-QAM signals are received concurrently. In a second measurement test, WCDMA and LTE signals were concurrently received to validate the suitability of the proposed technique for realistic communication signals. The performance of the presented calibration technique was compared with the simple linear combination (LC) calibration technique. The MP calibration technique had EVMs of 1.6% and 1.3% while the EVMs using the LC calibration technique are 15.4% and 14.1% for the 64 QAM and 16 QAM signal pair respectively.
High Resolution Tactile Distribution Sensor Using Active Matrix Technology. (2022)

To visualize the distribution of tactile pressure, passive matrix (PM) technologies are widely used in a variety of fields such as industrial, sports, and robotics. PM technologies are powerful addressing methods with simple structures, low cost, and easy fabrications, however, have a trade-off between the resolution and the size of the sensor. On the other hand, active matrix (AM) technologies are standard scheme for large/high-resolution flat panel displays to apply certain voltage sequentially on each pixel through switching of thin film transistors. With the insertion of current monitoring circuits, flat panel technologies can be applied for two-dimensional distribution sensors. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of AM technologies for tactile distribution sensors to overcome the trade-off.
Corrigendum to ‘Characterisation of a mobilisable plasmid conferring florfenicol and chloramphenicol resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae’ [Veterinary Microbiology 178 (2015) 279–282] (2015)

Editorial on the Research Topic Food safety in low-and middle-income countriesThis is the first special edition on food safety in informal markets in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs).Despite their important public health and socio-economic impacts, foodborne diseases have only recently gained the attention of development institutes and initiatives (Grace, 2023).The is the result of growing appreciation of the enormous burden of foodborne disease in LMICs: the health burden is comparable to that of malaria, HIV/AIDs or tuberculosis and the economic cost is more than 100 billion USD a year (Havelaar et al., 2015;Jaffee et al., 2019).Most of the burden is caused by microbial and parasitic infections and most of these are acquired from fresh foods purchased in mass domestic markets in LMICs (Grace, 2015).These markets are easy to recognize but hard to define.They have been variously called informal, traditional, wet, embedded, and (more recently) territorial markets (Roesel and Grace, 2014;CFS., 2016).They typically include open public markets, kiosks/small shops, butchers, fruit stalls, street food and small-scale eateries.They often lack infrastructure, waste disposal is poor, and pests are common; much of the food sold is fresh, unpackaged, un-processed or traditionally processed and is cheaper than food sold in the modern sector; live animals (especially poultry and fish) may be sold and in some cases wildmeat and traditional foods such as insects; there is an absence of consistent or structured food safety and quality inspection.Informal markets are often supplied by small-scale farmers; workers are not salaried, lack qualifications and training, and often include women and youth; vendors of similar products tend to sell side-by-side with little differentiation of product or price; ready-to-eat food is often available; customers tend to shop frequently, buy in small quantities and be poorer and less educated than customers who patronize the modern food sector.Trust is a major factor in the customer-vendor relation, and vendors may provide added services such as credit or sale in small amounts.The size, variety, and impacts (both positive and negative) of these markets grow in importance as countries develop and urbanize.During this process food safety gets worse before it gets better (Jaffee et al., 2019).Despite their importance for health, nutrition, livelihoods, equity and the urban environment, these markets have been largely ignored in the research literature (Grace, 2015).Therefore, this Research Topic aimed to bring together studies on foodborne Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems frontiersin.orgGrace et al. ./fsufs. .TABLE Summary of papers on food safety in informal markets.
B26 Effects of Passenger's Behaviors on Motorcycles (2006)

This paper presents a stability analysis of tandem riding on a motorcycle, focusing especially on the effects of the passenger's positional behaviors. Firstly we experimentally investigate the motorcycle and rider control behavior after a posture change by the passenger. This is done by measuring the motorcycle's responses to posture changes by the passenger during straight running at low speed. The results reveal some characteristic behaviors. Second, we construct a multi-body model for a human-motorcycle system for tandem riding. By comparing experimental and simulated results, we have confirmed the validity of the model. Finally, we conduct simulations on some situations in which passenger properties are varied, and obtain the effects of these passenger characteristics.
RAVEN-S: Design and Simulation of a Robot for Teleoperated Microgravity Rodent Dissection Under Time Delay (2020)

The International Space Station (ISS) serves as a research lab for a wide variety of experiments including some that study the biological effects of microgravity and spaceflight using the Rodent Habitat and Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG). Astronauts train for onboard dissections of rodents following basic training. An alternative approach for conducting these experiments is teleoperation of a robot located on the ISS from earth by a scientist who is proficient in rodent dissection. This pilot study addresses (1) the effects of extreme time delay on skill degradation during Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) tasks and rodent dissections using RAVEN II; (2) derivation and testing of rudimentary interaction force estimation; (3) elicitation of design requirements for an onboard dissection robot, RAVEN-S; and (4) simulation of the RAVEN-S prototype design with dissection data. The results indicate that the tasks' completion times increased by a factor of up to 9 for a 3 s time delay while performing manipulation and cutting tasks (FLS model) and by a factor of up to 3 for a 0.75 s time delay during mouse dissection tasks (animal model). Average robot forces/torques of 14N/0.1Nm (peak 90N/0.75Nm) were measured along with average linear/angular velocities of 0.02m/s/4rad/s (peak 0.1m/s/40rad/s) during dissection. A triangular configuration of three arms with respect to the operation site showed the best configuration given the MSG geometry and the dissection tasks. In conclusion, the results confirm the feasibility of utilizing a surgically-inspired RAVEN-S robot for teleoperated rodent dissection for successful completion of the predefined tasks in the presence of communications time delay between the ISS and ground control.
Temperature dependent characteristics of poly(3 hexylthiophene)-fullerene based heterojunction organic solar cells (2003)

Electrical and optical properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2.5diyl) (P3HT) used as the main component in a polymer/fullerene solar cell were studied. From the study of space-charge limited current behavior of indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/P3HT/Au hole-only devices, the hole mobility and density were estimated to range from 1.4×10−6 cm2/V s and 5.3×1014 cm−3 at 150 K to 8.5×10−5 cm2/V s and 1.1×1015 cm−3 at 250 K, respectively. The highest occupied to lowest occupied molecular orbital energetic difference was estimated from absorption spectrometry to be about 2.14 eV. Strong quenching of photoluminescence when the polymer was mixed with [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), provided evidence of photoinduced charge transfer from P3HT to PCBM. Characterization of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/Al solar cells was done by analyzing the dependence of current density–voltage characteristics on temperature and illumination intensity. The main solar cell characteristics recorded at 300 K under 100 mW/cm2 white-light intensity were: Open-circuit voltage 0.48 V, current density 1.28 mA/cm2, with an efficiency of 0.2%, and fill factor of 30.6%. Open-circuit voltage decreased almost linearly with increasing temperature, while short circuit current density increased with temperature, saturating at around 320 K, and decreased thereafter. Power conversion efficiency and fill factor were maximum around 3 mW/cm2 due to the poor bulk transport properties of the active layer.
A Review of Applications of Metabolomics in Cancer (2013)

Cancer is a devastating disease that alters the metabolism of a cell and the surrounding milieu. Metabolomics is a growing and powerful technology capable of detecting hundreds to thousands of metabolites in tissues and biofluids. The recent advances in metabolomics technologies have enabled a deeper investigation into the metabolism of cancer and a better understanding of how cancer cells use glycolysis, known as the "Warburg effect," advantageously to produce the amino acids, nucleotides and lipids necessary for tumor proliferation and vascularization. Currently, metabolomics research is being used to discover diagnostic cancer biomarkers in the clinic, to better understand its complex heterogeneous nature, to discover pathways involved in cancer that could be used for new targets and to monitor metabolic biomarkers during therapeutic intervention. These metabolomics approaches may also provide clues to personalized cancer treatments by providing useful information to the clinician about the cancer patient's response to medical interventions.
A stereo six-band motion picture capturing using 4K digital cinema camera (2013)

In digital archiving for cultural heritage preservation, in the medical field, and in some industrial fields, the high-fidelity reproduction of color, gloss, texture, three-dimensional (3-D) shape, and movement is very important. Multi-spectrum imaging can provide accurate color reproduction. Although several types of multi-spectral camera systems have been developed, all of them, except for the six-band HDTV camera system developed by Ohsawa et al [Ohsawa et al. 2004], are multi-shot and none can take still images of moving objects and moving pictures. However, Ohsawa et al.'s system requires very complex and expensive customized optics whose optical elements must be arranged precisely, which makes it far from practical. In order to make multi-spectrum video systems pervasive, the equipment costs must be reduced by ensuring they have as much compatibility with existing video camera systems as possible. To meet this requirement, several stereo one-shot six-band still image capturing systems that also combine multi-spectrum and stereo imaging techniques have been proposed [Tsuchida et al., 2010; Shrestha et al., 2011]. In this paper, we propose a system that applies their concept to existing 4K digital cinema cameras and show the possibility using the proposed system for cinematography.
Integrated RNA-seq and DNase-seq analyses identify phenotype-specific BMP4 signaling in breast cancer (2017)

Integrating RNA-seq and DNase-seq data showed that the phenotypic responses to BMP4 in breast cancer cell lines are reflected in transcriptomic and chromatin levels. We identified and experimentally validated downstream regulators of BMP4 signaling that relate to the different in vitro phenotypes and thus demonstrate that the downstream BMP4 response is regulated in a cell type-specific manner.
Control Techniques for a Current-Mode-Controlled Merged-Energy-Buffer-based Two-Stage Electrolytic-Free Offline LED Driver (2021)

This paper presents improved control techniques for a current-mode-controlled offline LED driver that uses a merged energy buffer for twice-line-frequency energy buffering. The LED driver has two power conversion stages: a four-switch buck-boost PFC stage and an LLC resonant dc-dc stage. To achieve a high power density, the PFC stage uses a small inductance, making its current control loop design challenging. A systematic methodology for the design of this control loop that ensures adequate bandwidth, phase margin and low-frequency gain is presented. The small capacitors and the switching action of the merged energy buffer cause wide variations and abrupt jumps in the input voltage of the dc-dc stage. To maintain a tightly regulated LED current, a feedforward-enhanced feedback controller is designed that leverages a computationally efficient converter model. These control strategies are experimentally validated through a 150-W electrolytic-free offline LED driver prototype, which achieves a high power density of 50 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .