gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High density SOT-MRAM memory array based on a single transistor (2018)

Spin Orbit Torque Magnetic RAM (SOT-MRAM) approach represents a new way to overcome over Spin Transfer Torque (STT) memory limitations by separating the reading and the writing paths. It is particularly interesting for high speed applications that do not require very high density because of two transistors per bit cell. This paper presents a high density SOTMRAM memory array based on a single transistor and a unidirectional diode. There are three advantages of this approach. The number of transistors for 32kb memory array is decreased by factor of 45% which leads to an improved cell density by 20% compared to conventional SOT bit cell. Moreover, it requires less control to read operation and finally high endurance, high speed and high density can be achieved. The key challenge going will be to adjust between sense margin and read energy.
Autonomic Virtual Machine Placement in the Data Center (2008)

We present a high level overview of a virtual machine placement system in which an autonomic controller dynamically manages the mapping of virtual machines onto physical hosts in accordance with policies specified by the user. By closely monitoring virtual machine activity and employing advanced policies for dynamic workload placement, such an autonomic solution can achieve substantial cost savings from better utilization of computing resources and less frequent overload situations.
High speed GeSi electro-absorption modulator at 1550 nm wavelength on SOI waveguide (2012)

We demonstrate a high speed GeSi electro-absorption (EA) modulator monolithically integrated on 3 µm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide. The demonstrated device has a compact active region of 1.0 × 55 μm(2), an insertion loss of 5 dB and an extinction ratio of 6 dB at wavelength of 1550 nm. The modulator has a broad operating wavelength range of 35 nm and a 3 dB bandwidth of 40.7 GHz at 2.8 V reverse bias. This compact and energy efficient modulator is a key building block for optical interconnection applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Dioxide as a Carbon Resource — Recent Trends and Perspectives (2013)

Abstract Review: 136 refs.
PTEN Loss Promotes Mitochondrially Dependent Type II Fas-Induced Apoptosis via PEA-15 (2008)

Two distinct biochemical signals are delivered by the CD95/Fas death receptor. The molecular basis for the differential mitochondrially independent (type I) and mitochondrially dependent (type II) Fas apoptosis pathways is unknown. By analyzing 24 Fas-sensitive tumor lines, we now demonstrate that expression/activity of the PTEN tumor suppressor strongly correlates with the distinct Fas signals. PTEN loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies demonstrate the ability to interconvert between type I and type II Fas pathways. Importantly, from analyses of Bcl-2 transgenic Pten(+/-) mice, Pten haploinsufficiency converts Fas-induced apoptosis from a Bcl-2-independent to a Bcl-2-sensitive response in primary thymocytes and activated T lymphocytes. We further show that PTEN influences Fas signaling, at least in part, by regulating PEA-15 phosphorylation and activity that, in turn, regulate the ability of Bcl-2 to suppress Fas-induced apoptosis. Thus, PTEN is a key molecular rheostat that determines whether a cell dies by a mitochondrially independent type I versus a mitochondrially dependent type II apoptotic pathway upon Fas stimulation.
Supplementary material from "Bitter taste receptors of the common vampire bat are functional and show conserved responses to metal ions in vitro" (2021)

The bitter taste sensation is important to warn mammals of the ingestion of potentially toxic food compounds. For mammals, whose nutrition relies on highly specific food sources, such as blood in the case of vampire bats, it is unknown if bitter sensing is involved in prey selection. By contrast to other bat species, vampire bats exhibit numerous bitter taste receptor pseudogenes, which could point to a decreased importance of bitter taste. However, electrophysiological and behavioural studies suggest the existence of functional bitter taste transmission. To determine the agonist spectra of the three bitter taste receptors that are conserved in all three vampire bat species, we investigated the <i>in vitro</i> activation of <i>Desmodus rotundus</i> T2R1, T2R4 and T2R7. Using a set of 57 natural and synthetic bitter compounds, we were able to identify agonists for all three receptors. Hence, we confirmed a persisting functionality and, consequently, a putative biological role of bitter taste receptors in vampire bats. Furthermore, the activation of the human TAS2R7 by metal ions is shown to be conserved in <i>D. rotundus</i>.
Supplementary Figures S1-9, Tables S1 and 2 from Targeting the MDM2/MDM4 Interaction Interface as a Promising Approach for p53 Reactivation Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-9, Tables S1 and 2. Supplementary Figure S1: Analysis of p53 ubiquitination and binding Supplementary Figure S2: Pep3 activity in human tumor cell lines Supplementary Figure S3: Pep3 activity in untransformed cells Supplementary Figure S4: In vivo Pep3 activity Supplementary Figure S5: Pep3 molecular activity Supplementary Figure S6: Transcriptomic analysis of Pep3 Supplementary Figure S7: Pep3 activity on p53 transcriptional function Supplementary Figure S8: Analysis of BIK and PIG3 knockdown Supplementary Figure S9: Analysis of Pep3-mediated pro-oxidant activity Supplementary Table S1: List of genes differentially expressed between Pep3- and Pep3M- treated HCT116 at 24hrs Supplementary Table S2: List of genes differentially expressed between Pep3- and Pep3M- treated HCT116 at 48hrs&lt;/p&gt;
Learning about PRP using cell-based models (2014)

Studies using in vitro cell models enable evaluation of the effects of different PRP products under very controlled and standardized conditions. Therefore the results of such studies build the basis for understanding the variable results of clinical studies on the use of PRPs. The main lessons learned through the use of in vitro cell models are that many different PRP products exist and researchers have to report on component variation within each product. These different products may have distinctive effects on the various cells treated in musculoskeletal injuries; therefore, some products might be more beneficial in certain indication than others. In its utilization in cell models, PRP may generate a variety of positive effects on cell proliferation, recovery, and inflammatory response. There might also be a benefit to adding PRP to current pharmacological therapies (e.g. corticosteroids) to prevent their commonly known negative effects on e.g. tendon and cartilage tissue.
Performance Analysis and Optimization of RIS-Assisted Networks in Nakagami-m Environment (2020)

This work studies and optimizes the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided networks in Nakagami-m fading environment. First, accurate closed-form approximations for the channel distributions are derived. Then, closed-form formulas for the system outage probability, average symbol error probability (ASEP), and the channel capacity are obtained. Furthermore, we provide three different optimization approaches for finding the optimum number of reflecting elements to achieve a target outage probability. At the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, a closed-form expression for the asymptotic outage probability is obtained to give more insights into the system performance. Results show that the considered system can achieve a diversity order of (a+1)/2, where a is a function of the Nakagami-m fading parameter m and the number of reflecting elements N. Moreover, findings show that m is more influential on the diversity order than N. Finally, the achieved expressions are applicable to non-integer values of m and any number of meta-surface elements N.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Perceiving patterns in random series: dynamic processing of sequence in prefrontal cortex. (2002)

We demonstrate that regions within human prefrontal cortex develop moment-to-moment models for patterns of events occurring in the sensory environment. Subjects viewed a random binary sequence of images, each presented singly and each requiring a different button press response. Patterns occurred by chance within the presented series of images. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified activity evoked by viewing a stimulus that interrupted a pattern. Prefrontal activation was evoked by violations of both repeating and alternating patterns, and the amplitude of this activation increased with increasing pattern length. Violations of repeating patterns, but not of alternating patterns, activated the basal ganglia. PMID: 11941373 Funding information This work was supported by: NINDS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: NS-41328 NIMH NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: MH-12541 NIMH NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: MH-05286
Hydrogen bond-mediated organocatalytic enantioselective reduction of nitroalkenes in deep eutectic solvents (2023)

The catalytic enantioselective reduction of ,-disubstituted nitroalkenes was performed in deep eutectic solvents, avoiding the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as reaction medium.The desired enantioenriched nitroalkanes were obtained in high yields and high enantiomeric excesses, up to 90%, by a metal-free, hydrogen bond-mediated catalytic methodology, with a convenient experimental protocol that could be successfully applied to a gram-scale reaction.
Whole-cell ELISA for typingNeisseria meningitidiswith monoclonal antibodies (1987)

Large-scale screening of Neisseria meningitidis strains is necessary for epidemiological studies as well as for identifying immunologically important antigens. We have developed a new and simpler type of ELISA for this purpose. Whole bacteria from the strains being studied are coated onto PVC plates; the type and subtype are then determined by the binding of monoclonal antibodies with known specificities, detected with a protein A-conjugate. This technique is rapid and easy but still sensitive and reproducible and is thus highly suitable for screening for antigens in a relatively native state on large numbers of strains.
Supplementary figures and legends from Targeting the MTF2–MDM2 Axis Sensitizes Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures and legends&lt;/p&gt;
Collagenolytic Activity in the Cornea of the Metamorphosing Tadpole (1970)

Collagenase was demonstrated in the epithelium in eight of ten corneal explants of thyroxineinduced metamorphosing tadpoles. There was no detection of collagenase in explants of "resting" control tadpoles, or in explants denuded of their epithelium in the metamorphosing series. The implications of such an enzyme in the morphological changes occurring in the cornea which accompany metamorphosis are discussed.
Towards linear algebra over normalized data (2017)

Providing machine learning (ML) over relational data is a mainstream requirement for data analytics systems. While almost all ML tools require the input data to be presented as a single table, many datasets are multi-table. This forces data scientists to join those tables first, which often leads to data redundancy and runtime waste. Recent works on "factorized" ML mitigate this issue for a few specific ML algorithms by pushing ML through joins. But their approaches require a manual rewrite of ML implementations. Such piecemeal methods create a massive development overhead when extending such ideas to other ML algorithms. In this paper, we show that it is possible to mitigate this overhead by leveraging a popular formal algebra to represent the computations of many ML algorithms: linear algebra. We introduce a new logical data type to represent normalized data and devise a framework of algebraic rewrite rules to convert a large set of linear algebra operations over denormalized data into operations over normalized data. We show how this enables us to automatically "factorize" several popular ML algorithms, thus unifying and generalizing several prior works. We prototype our framework in the popular ML environment R and an industrial R-over-RDBMS tool. Experiments with both synthetic and real normalized data show that our framework also yields significant speed-ups, up to 36x on real data.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH PERFORMANCE MINIATURIZED PHOTOACOUSTIC GAS SENSOR (2016)

We present here the development and the characterization, in laboratory conditions, of our photoacoustic cell associated with QCL’s and specific readout circuit for gas traces sensing. Assessment has been done on CO2.
Beyond NEOD001 for systemic light-chain amyloidosis (2018)

TO THE EDITOR:

Advances in therapy for rare diseases are causes for celebration because they are uncommon events. Conversely, decisions to close large-scale clinical trials testing promising therapies for rare diseases can cause disappointment.[1][1] NEOD001, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting
Structural Investigation of Silicalite-I Loaded with n-Hexane by X-ray Diffraction, 29Si MAS NMR, and Molecular Modeling (2002)

The room temperature (298 K) structure of zeolite Silicalite-I loaded with approximately eight n-hexane molecules per unit cell was solved from twinned single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) data in the monoclinic space group P121/n1 with a = 19.8247(2) Å, b = 20.1292(2) Å, c = 13. 4510(2) Å, and β = 90.29(8)°. At this temperature, the guest molecules are dynamically disordered and distributed throughout the entire channel system. The structure determined from a Rietveld refinement of room-temperature powder XRD data, which is not affected by the twinning, confirmed this. A twinned crystal refinement was also carried out for data collected at 180 K (P121/n1, a = 19.9310(2) Å, b = 20.1730(3) Å, c = 13.4191(3) Å, β = 90.20(5)°). At 180 K, the sorption sites of the n-hexane molecules are well-defined within the channel system, being located only in the straight and sinusoidal channels, leaving the intersections unoccupied. This ordering is commensurate with the framework structure of Silicalite-I. 29Si HPDEC MAS NMR shows that the loading of n-hexane induces a phase transition to an orthorhombic space group (most likely Pnma) only above 340 K. Force field simulations confirm that the absorption of n-hexane molecules occurs only inside the straight and sinusoidal channels and leads to an energetically minimized host−guest structure. By optimizing the van der Waals interactions between the n-hexane molecules and the silica host framework, the nonbonding energy is minimized, leading to a general minimization of the total potential energy, and the energetically most favorable structure is obtained.
Supplemental figure 1 from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Genetically Engineered with an Inducible Gene Encoding Interleukin-12 for the Immunotherapy of Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental figure 1. Gene transfer efficiency. Shown are 6 representative determinations of NFAT.IL12 transduction efficiency. NFAT.IL2 engineered TIL cultures were stimulated by PMA/ionomycin and then subject to surface staining for CD3 and intracellular staining for IL-12 with resultant scatter plots shown. The patient numbers and response were as labeled with the percent IL-12+ cells shown. UT, untransduced.&lt;/p&gt;
Privacy-Preserving Peer Discovery for Group Management in p2p Networks (2020)

The necessity for peer-to-peer (p2p) communications is obvious; current centralized solutions are capturing and storing too much information from the individual people communicating with each other. Privacy concerns with a centralized solution in possession of all the users data are a difficult matter. HELIOS platform introduces a new social-media platform that is not in control of any central operator, but brings the power of possession of the data back to the users. It does not have centralized servers that store and handle receiving/sending of the messages. Instead, it relies on the current open-source solutions available in the p2p communities to propagate the messages to the wanted recipients of the data and/or messages. The p2p communications also introduce new problems in terms of privacy and tracking of the user, as the nodes part of a p2p network can see what data the other nodes provide and ask for. How the sharing of data in a p2p network can be achieved securely, taking into account the user's privacy is a question that has not been fully answered so far. We do not claim we answer this question fully in this paper either, but we propose a set of protocols to help answer one specific problem. Especially, this paper proposes how to privately share data (end-point address or other) of the user between other users, provided that they have previously connected with each other securely, either offline or online.
Compact x-ray fluorescence sulfur analyzer (1977)

Measurement of the sulfur concentration in particulate effluent from emission sources has become even more important recently in view of the potential necessity to use high sulfur fuels for generating electrical power. The x-ray measurement of sulfur requires a helium path or, preferably, a vacuum path x-ray spectrometer. In addition, the presence of intermediate and higher atomic number elements causes some difficulty because of line interferences with the use of a high resolution crystal spectrometer, this problem is minimized allowing sulfates and sulfites to be quantitatively measured.
Investigation of the Alignment Phenomena on the a-C:H Thin Films by PECVD System using Ion-beam Alignment Method (2004)

We studied the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) aligning capabilities using the new alignment material of a-C:H thin film by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system for 30 sec under 30W rf power at a gas pressure of 1.4＊10<TEX>$\^$</TEX>-1/ torr. A high pretilt angle of about 5 by ion beam exposure on the a-C:H thin film surface was measured. A good LC alignment by the ion beam alignment method on the a-C:H thin film surface was observed at annealing temperature of 250<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX>, and the alignment defect of NLC was observed above annealing temperature of 300<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX>. Consequently, the high LC pretilt angle and the good thermal stability of LC alignment by the ion beam alignment method on the a-C:H thin film by PECVD method as working gas at 30W rf bias condition can be achieved.
Synthesis and study of imidazole-bearing copper(I) complexes and their reversible reaction with dioxygen (1984)

Magnetochemical and resonance-Raman spectroscopic measurements have been made on oxygenated solutions of {2,6-bis[1-(2-imidazol-4-ylethylimino)ethyl]pyridine}copper(I) cation and related complexes to characterize more fully the nature of the copper–dioxygen interaction. The role, if any, of the imidazole–nitrogen proton in the reversible oxygenation process has been examined. A possible correlation between the redox potential of the CuII⇌ CuI couple and the reaction of the copper(I) centre towards O2 has been studied, and for completeness, copper(II) and zinc(II) analogues of all the copper(I) species have also been prepared and fully characterized. Although inconclusive in an absolute sense, the present studies are consistent with the oxygenation products of these copper(I) species being relatively stable Cu–O2 or Cu–O2–Cu adducts, at least in the initial stages of oxygenation.
Cytoplasmic changes in relation to nuclear maturation and early embryo developmental potential of porcine oocytes: Effects of gonadotropins, cumulus cells, follicular size, and protein synthesis inhibition* (2001)

Morphological and biochemical changes indicative of cytoplasmic maturation in relation to nuclear maturation progression and early embryo developmental potential was studied. Fluorescently labeled microfilaments and cortical granules were visualized by using laser scanning confocal microscopy. The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation and cyclin B1 levels were revealed by Western blot. With the maturation of oocytes, cortical granules and microfilaments were localized at the cell cortex. A cortical granule-free domain (CGFD) and an actin-thickening area were observed over both the MII spindle of a mature oocyte and chromosomes of a nocodazole-treated oocyte, suggesting that chromosomes, but not the spindle, determined the localization of CGFD and actin-thickening area. In oocytes that are incompetent to resume meiosis, as indicated by the failure of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), peripheral localization of cortical granules and microfilaments, phosphorylation of MAP kinase and synthesis of cyclin B1 did not occur after 44 hr in vitro. These cytoplasmic changes were also blocked when GVBD of meiotically competent oocytes was inhibited by cycloheximide. Culture of oocytes in a chemically defined medium showed that biological factors such as gonadotropins, cumulus cells and follicle size affected both nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation as well as embryo developmental potential. Absence of gonadotropins or removal of cumulus cells alone did not significantly influence GVBD or cyclin B1 levels, but decreased the final maturation and developmental ability of oocytes. A combination of gonadotropin absence and cumulus removal decreased GVBD, MAP kinase phosphorylation and embryo development. A high proportion of oocytes derived from small follicles were able to resume meiosis, synthesize cyclin B(1), phosphorylate MAP kinase and translocate CGs, but their maturation and embryo developmental ability were limited. Removal of cumulus cells from small follicle-derived oocytes severely affected their ability to undergo cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation.
Cardiac metastases from soft-tissue sarcomas. (1986)

Cardiac metastases were present in 30 of 120 (25%) consecutive autopsies of patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Fifty percent of the patients had metastases to the myocardium, while 33% had pericardial metastases and 17% had both. Congestive heart failure was present in ten patients and was commonly caused by diffuse myocardial or restrictive pericardial metastases. Other signs and symptoms of cardiac involvement by STS included chest pain (three patients), arrhythmias (two), conduction block (two), simulation of an atrial myxoma (one), and sudden death (one). Echocardiography was used infrequently, but was diagnostic in 80% of cases in which it was used. We conclude that metastatic STS commonly involves the heart and produces cardiac symptoms.
Growth of Broadband Gain Quantum Dot Mode-Locked Laser on Si with Varied InGaAs Well Thickness (2019)

We report broadband gain InAs quantum dot mode-locked lasers epitaxially grown on silicon by varying the thickness of InGaAs quantum wells. The peak emission wavelengths of each quantum dot layer are properly tuned in order to enhance the spectral gain bandwidth while maintaining its high optical intensity. A laser with five varied-well-thickness quantum dots has increased the photoluminescence full-width at half-maximum from 28.6 meV to 43 meV whilst keeping its high intensity. Under mode-locking, the laser shows a 3dB bandwidth of 6.1 nm with 58 comb lines.