gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Associations between cardiac function and retinal microvascular geometry among Chinese adults (2020)

Abnormal retinal microvascular geometry has been associated with cardiac remodeling and heart failure. However, its relation to cardiac function, prior to clinical disease has not been explored. In this cross-sectional study, 50 participants (mean age 62.5 ± 11.7 years) without cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recruited from the Cardiac Ageing Study. Transthoracic echocardiography imaging was performed to measure cardiac function indices, and retinal imaging was used to measure retinal vascular caliber and retinal vascular geometric indices. Multiple linear regressions were applied to examine associations between indices of cardiac function and retinal microvasculature, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, mean blood pressure and comorbidity (i.e. hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia). After adjusting for confounders, each unit decrease in peak systolic septal mitral annular velocity (Septal S') indicating poorer left function was associated with smaller retinal venular branching angle (β: - 2.69°; 95% CI - 4.92, - 0.46). Furthermore, each unit increase in peak velocity flow in late diastole by atrial contraction (MV A Peak) indicating poorer left atrial function was associated with lower retinal venular fractal dimension (- 0.13Df; - 0.25, - 0.004). Our findings suggested a relationship between poorer cardiac function and suboptimal retinal microvascular geometry, among Chinese without CVD.
Molecular characterization of the sweet potato peroxidase SWPA4 promoter which responds to abiotic stresses and pathogen infection (2009)

Previously, the swpa4 peroxidase gene has been shown to be inducible by a variety of abiotic stresses and pathogenic infections in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). To elucidate its regulatory mechanism at the transcriptional level under various stress conditions, we isolated and characterized the promoter region (2374 bp) of swpa4 (referred to as SWPA4). We performed a transient expression assay in tobacco protoplasts with deletions from the 5'-end of SWPA4 promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. The -1408 and -374 bp deletions relative to the transcription start site (+1) showed 8 and 4.5 times higher GUS expression than the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, respectively. In addition, transgenic tobacco plants expressing GUS under the control of -2374, -1408 or -374 bp region of SWPA4 promoter were generated and studied in various tissues under abiotic stresses and pathogen infection. Gel mobility shift assays revealed that nuclear proteins from sweet potato cultured cells specifically interacted with 60-bp fragment (-178/-118) in -374 bp promoter region. In silico analysis indicated that four kinds of cis-acting regulatory sequences, reactive oxygen species-related element activator protein 1 (AP1), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha element, ethylene-responsive element (ERE) and heat-shock element, are present in the -60 bp region (-178/-118), suggesting that the -60 bp region might be associated with stress inducibility of the SWPA4 promoter.
Genome Sequence of the Abyssomicin- and Proximicin-Producing Marine Actinomycete Verrucosispora maris AB-18-032 (2011)

Verrucosispora maris AB-18-032 is a marine actinomycete that produces atrop-abyssomicin C and proximicin A, both of which have novel structures and modes of action. In order to understand the biosynthesis of these compounds, to identify further biosynthetic potential, and to facilitate rational improvement of secondary metabolite titers, we have sequenced the complete 6.7-Mb genome of Verrucosispora maris AB-18-032.
Estimation of closely-spaced paths via particle filters for WCDMA positioning (2004)

Multipath delay estimation is an important and challenging issue for any mobile communication system. Severe transmission conditions in fast changing environment, such as strong interference, shadowing or closely spaced multipaths may affect the capability of estimating correctly the channel parameters. In mobile positioning, accurate estimates of line-of-sight delay with a resolution less than one chip are needed to locate correctly the mobile receiver. Another challenging issue in multipath delay estimation in CDMA networks is the nonlinear dependency of the channel with respect to the multipath delays. In this paper, we introduce a particle-based sequential Monte Carlo filter for joint estimation of channel coefficients and delays in multiuser closely spaced paths WCDMA environment. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is stable, fast converging, and outperforms the classic extended Kalman filter-based approach.
Diffractive Doublet Corrected On-axis at Two Wavelengths (1990)

Due to the wave nature of diffraction, purely diffractive systems have been plagued by large chromatic and off-axis aberrations. Accordingly, there has not been much work in purely diffractive wideband imaging systems. In this paper, we present a method for the design and subsequent optimization of diffractive doublets for wideband, on-axis imaging. The method can most easily be explained with reference to Kato’s recent work[1], although the present work was arrived at independently.
Association of Tat with Purified HIV-1 and HIV-2 Transcription Preinitiation Complexes (1997)

The HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) and HIV-2 Tat proteins increase the level of transcription from their corresponding long terminal repeats. Tat activates transcription likely by interaction with components of the transcriptional initiation and elongation complexes during different stages of the transcription reaction. In the current study, two approaches were used to address the sites at which Tat becomes stably associated with the HIV transcription complex. First, we isolated column purified HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription complexes that were competent for in vitro transcription and found that wild-type but not mutant Tat protein was specifically associated with this complex. An intact HIV TATA element and the presence of functional TATA-binding protein were necessary for Tat association. In contrast, the HIV-1 and HIV-2 TAR bulge sequences which serve as binding sites for Tat were not required for its association with the HIV preinitiation complex. A second complementary approach using immobilized HIV-1 and HIV-2 templates also demonstrated a functional association of Tat with HIV-1 and HIV-2 preinitiation complexes. Wild-type but not mutant Tat proteins associated with transcription complexes assembled on immobilized HIV-1 and HIV-2 templates and the association of Tat correlated with increases in the level of in vitro transcription. These results indicate that Tat can associate with HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription complexes prior to the initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Intramolecular [4 + 4] photocycloadditions: substituent-mediated product control (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular [4 + 4] photocycloadditions: substituent-mediated product controlScott M. Sieburth and Pramod V. JoshiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 7, 1661–1663Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00059a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (258 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
High resolution pipette (2023)

A pipette includes a movable piston and a diaphragm that at least partly defines a fluid chamber enclosing a volume of working fluid. The piston displaces a volumetric amount of the working fluid in the chamber when moved. In response, the diaphragm displaces a smaller volumetric amount of fluid outside the chamber. A deamplification ratio is defined by the ratio of the volume displaced by the diaphragm to the volume displaced by the piston. The deamplification ratio is adjustable by adjusting or changing the diaphragm and/or by adjusting the size of the fluid chamber. The deamplifying pipette enables measuring and dispensing of very small volumes of liquid and is easily adapted to commercially available pipette components. Pipette components such as a pipette tip or adaptor may include a diaphragm to enable deamplification of the nominal volume capacity of a given pipette device.
Proof of replica formulas in the high noise regime for communication using LDGM codes (2008)

We consider communication over a binary input memoryless output symmetric channel with low density generator matrix codes and optimal maximum a posteriori decoding. It is known that the problem of computing the average conditional entropy, over such code ensembles in the asymptotic limit of large block length, is closely related to computing the free energy of a mean field spin glass in the thermodynamic limit. Tentative explicit formulas for these quantities have been derived thanks to the replica method (of spin glass theory) and are generally conjectured to be exact. In this contribution we show that the replica solution is indeed exact in the high noise regime, where it coincides with density evolution equations. Our method uses ideas coming from high temperature expansions in spin glass theory.
Metal effects over 13.56 MHz RFID reader antenna in an electrical switchboard (2007)

We demonstrated that it is possible of using HF RFID equipments in harsh environments such as electrical switchboards. We master metal effects by well defining antenna position and size. Many parameters have been taken into account to obtain a solution as robust as possible. Demonstrators confirmed all these results and we are now working at optimizing the shape of the tag antenna to receive as much power as possible.
Range performance of the DARPA AWARE wide field-of-view visible imager (2016)

In a prior paper, we described a new imaging architecture that addresses the need for wide field-of-view imaging combined with the resolution required to identify targets at long range. Over the last two years substantive improvements have been made to the system, both in terms of the size, weight, and power of the camera as well as to the optics and data management software. The result is an overall improvement in system performance, which we demonstrate via a maritime target identification experiment.
When majority voting fails: Comparing quality assurance methods for noisy human computation environment (2012)

Quality assurance remains a key topic in human computation research. Prior work indicates that majority voting is effective for low difficulty tasks, but has limitations for harder tasks. This paper explores two methods of addressing this problem: tournament selection and elimination selection, which exploit 2-, 3- and 4-way comparisons between different answers to human computation tasks. Our experimental results and statistical analyses show that both methods produce the correct answer in noisy human computation environment more often than majority voting. Furthermore, we find that the use of 4-way comparisons can significantly reduce the cost of quality assurance relative to the use of 2-way comparisons.
Going Digital: A Survey on Digitalization and Large-Scale Data Analytics in Healthcare (2016)

We provide an overview of the recent trends toward digitalization and large-scale data analytics in healthcare. It is expected that these trends are instrumental in the dramatic changes in the way healthcare will be organized in the future. We discuss the recent political initiatives designed to shift care delivery processes from paper to electronic, with the goals of more effective treatments with better outcomes; cost pressure is a major driver of innovation. We describe newly developed networks of healthcare providers, research organizations, and commercial vendors to jointly analyze data for the development of decision support systems. We address the trend toward continuous healthcare where health is monitored by wearable and stationary devices; a related development is that patients increasingly assume responsibility for their own health data. Finally, we discuss recent initiatives toward a personalized medicine, based on advances in molecular medicine, data management, and data analytics.
Treatment with Valproic Acid Restores Differentiation in AML1/ETO-Positive Leukaemic Cells. (2007)

Abstract In t (8, 21) acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), the leukaemogenesis is supposed to be promoted by interference with expression of AML1 target genes. Repressor complex associated with AML1/ETO fusion protein recruits class I histone deacetylases (HDAC). Valproic acid (VPA) was found to have an extensive effect on AML blasts, via inhibition of class I HDAC. It was shown previously that VPA treatment disrupts the AML1/ETO-HDAC1 complex from AML1 promoter thus leading to apoptosis at different cell lines. However, there is still lack of in-depth morphological and immunophenotypical proof of the hypothesized restoration of differentiation after treatment with VPA. We aimed to characterize the differentiation effect of VPA on AML1/ETO-positive leukaemic cells. Kasumi-1 (AML1/ETO-positive) cell line and MV4-11 (MLL/AF4-positive) cells were treated with VPA and Trichostatin-A (TSA) another HDAC inhibitor. The effect of VPA on cell cycle and differentiation was examined by flowcytometry. DNA, RNA and AgNORs staining of nucleus and nucleolus were used for morphological evaluation. VPA treatment of Kasumi-1 cells resulted in decreased expression of early myeloid progenitor antigens [CD33 (p&lt;0.001), CD34 (p=0.003), CD117 (p&lt;0.001)] and increased expression of antigens typical for more differentiated myeloid cells [CD11a (p=0.001), CD11b (p=0.007)]. Morphological evaluation revealed nucleus fragmentation without chromatin condensation, which evoked monocytoid look of the nucleus in VPA-treated Kasumi cells. The nucleolar morphology and cytochemistry indicated that these cells entered the ageing process and decreased proliferation activity. Large nucleoli characterised by a reduced number of silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) as well as by their translocation to the nucleolar periphery represented a base for such interpretation. VPA-treated Kasumi cells exhibited accumulation in G1/G0 phase and decreased proliferation (VPA 0.5mM - G1/G0 70%, S/G2/M 16%; control cells - G1/G0 62%, S/G2/M 28%). Conversely, MV4-11 cell line (representing myeloid leukaemic cells of non-CBF origin) did not show any statistically significant differences in imunophenotype after VPA treatment (CD15, CD11b, CD117, CD45, HLA DR, CD14). VPA treated MV4-11 cells did not show accumulation in G1/G0 phase (VPA 0.5mM G1/G0 63%, S/G2/M 13%; control G1/G0 70%, S/G2/M 22%). We show that treatment with VPA restores differentiation of AML1/ETO positive cells as presented by both changes in immunophenotype and morphological analysis. This observed differentiation correlates with decrease in cell cycle. We demonstrate that the effect on differentiation is specific for AML1/ETO-positive cells as it is not noticeable in leukaemic cells of non-CBF origin.
TPU v4: An Optically Reconfigurable Supercomputer for Machine Learning with Hardware Support for Embeddings (2023)

In response to innovations in machine learning (ML) models, production workloads changed radically and rapidly. TPU v4 is the fifth Google domain specific architecture (DSA) and its third supercomputer for such ML models. Optical circuit switches (OCSes) dynamically reconfigure its interconnect topology to improve scale, availability, utilization, modularity, deployment, security, power, and performance; users can pick a twisted 3D torus topology if desired. Much cheaper, lower power, and faster than Infiniband, OCSes and underlying optical components are <5% of system cost and <3% of system power. Each TPU v4 includes SparseCores, dataflow processors that accelerate models that rely on embeddings by 5x--7x yet use only 5% of die area and power. Deployed since 2020, TPU v4 outperforms TPU v3 by 2.1x and improves performance/Watt by 2.7x. The TPU v4 supercomputer is 4x larger at 4096 chips and thus nearly 10x faster overall, which along with OCS flexibility and availability allows a large language model to train at an average of ~60% of peak FLOPS/second. For similar sized systems, it is ~4.3x--4.5x faster than the Graphcore IPU Bow and is 1.2x--1.7x faster and uses 1.3x--1.9x less power than the Nvidia A100. TPU v4s inside the energy-optimized warehouse scale computers of Google Cloud use ~2--6x less energy and produce ~20x less CO2e than contemporary DSAs in typical on-premise data centers.
2903 A Micro Finger Using ECF-jet : Proposition and Characteristic Evaluation of the Large Model (2005)

Electro-Conjugate Fluid (ECF) is a kind of dielectric fluids and a kind of functional fluids, which produces jet-flow (ECF-jet) by applying high voltage between electrodes. In addition, a strong ECF-jet is generated under ununiform electric field. Therefore, in this study, a pair of needle-type and ring-type electrodes (needle-ring pair) is used for generating ECF-jet. It is ascertained that the pressure due to ECF-jet from the needle-ring pair is increased by miniaturizing dimensions of the electrodes. The characteristics are suitable for micro manipulator. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the realization of novel micro manipulators using ECF-jet. In this paper, first, characteristics of ECF-jet from the needle-ring pair are experimentally investigated. Second, a novel micro manipulator, ECF micro finger is proposed. Finally, a large model of the ECF micro finger is fabricated, and static characteristics of the large model is experimentally investigated. Future works are fabrication and investigation of a microhand constructed with more than three ECF micro fingers.
The Role of the Trapezius in Stabilization of the Acromioclavicular Joint: A Biomechanical Evaluation (2022)

These findings validate the inclusion of deltotrapezial fascial injury consideration in the modified Rockwood classification system. Repair of the trapezial insertion on the ACJ may provide improved outcomes in the setting of ACJ reconstruction.
Three-Dimensional reconstruction of the synaptonemal complex from high-pressure frozen maize meiocytes using IVEM Tomography (1994)

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a key macromolecular assembly formed during meiosis of most eukaryotes. It has a crucial role in maintaining synapsis between homologous chromosomes and in ensuring proper segregation of the homologs through the establishment of functional chiasmata. Recently, biochemical and genetic efforts have begun to identify some of the protein components of the SC. As these efforts progress, a more detailed analysis of SC structure will also be needed to incorporate these new components into the overall organization of the SC. Early efforts into the analysis of SC structure have established that its general architecture is conserved throughout many organisms. The basic features found in every SC are the two lateral elements and the central element, both which run longitudinally between the homologs during the pachytene stage of prophase I. Transverse elements which run perpendicular to the homolog axis through the central region are also often found. Although the general features of the SC are conserved, the internal architecture of these components can differ.
Effects of Oxygen Partial Pressure and Substrate Temperature on Crystalline Orientation in Y-Ba-Cu-O Films Prepared by Sputtering (1989)

The dependence of crystalline orientation in Y-Ba-Cu-O films on oxygen partial pressure and substrate temperature has been investigated for films prepared by magnetron sputtering on (100) SrTiO 3 and (100) MgO substrates. The tendencies for preferential orientation were the same on both substrates. At low oxygen pressures, the c -axis was oriented perpendicularly to the film plane. In contrast, a / c -axis oriented films were formed at intermediate oxygen pressures, and the a -axis was oriented at high oxygen pressures. At higher temperatures, c -axis oriented films were formed, even at high oxygen pressures.
Arginase Reciprocally Regulates Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity and Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction in Aging Blood Vessels (2003)

These findings demonstrate that arginase modulates NOS activity, likely by regulating intracellular L-arginine availability. Arginase upregulation contributes to endothelial dysfunction of aging and may therefore be a therapeutic target.
Effect of adaptive and cooperative adaptive cruise control on throughput of signalized arterials (2017)

The paper evaluates the influence of the maximum vehicle acceleration and variable proportions of ACC/CACC vehicles on the throughput of an intersection. Two cases are studied: (1) free road downstream of the intersection; and (2) red light at some distance downstream of the intersection. Simulation of a 4-mile stretch of an arterial with 13 signalized intersections is used to evaluate the impact of (C)ACC vehicles on the mean and standard deviation of travel time as the proportion of (C)ACC vehicles is increased. The results suggest a very high urban mobility benefit of (C)ACC vehicles at little or no cost in infrastructure.
Efficient macromodeling of defect propagation/growth mechanisms in VLSI fabrication (1998)

Particulate contamination deposited on silicon wafers is typically the dominant reason for yield loss in VLSI manufacturing. The transformation of contaminating particles into defects and then electrical faults is a very complex process which depends on the defect location, size, material, and the underlying IC topography. An efficient defect macromodeling methodology based on the rigorous two-dimensional (2-D) topography simulator METROPOLE, has been developed to allow the prediction and correlation of the critical physical parameters (material, size, and location) of contamination in the manufacturing process to device defects. The results for a large number of defect samples simulated using the above approach were compared with the data gathered from the AMD-Sunnyvale fabline. A good match was obtained indicating the accuracy for our method of developing contamination to defect propagation/growth macromodels.