gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MIGRATION PATTERNS OF LYMPHOCYTES IN UNTREATED AND IMMUNOLOGICALLY MANIPULATED RECIPIENTS OF ORGAN ALLOGRAFTS (1982)

We have investigated the migration patterns of normal LEW rat splenic lymphocytes (SLs) radiolabeled in vitro with [2-3H]adenosine and adoptively transferred i.v. into LEW hosts bearing LBNF1 heterotopic cardiac allografts. Twenty-four hours after cell transfer, the animals were killed and the radioactivity of all lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues measured in a beta counter. The following experimental groups were studied: group 1, untreated recipients acutely rejecting their grafts at 7 days after transplantation; group 2, actively and passively enhanced recipients bearing long-term surviving grafts, at 7, 14 to 18, and 25 days; group 3, cyclosporin A-treated recipients; and group 4, B rats, each bearing indefinitely surviving grafts, at 7 and 20 to 30 days. In group 1, 28% of recoverable activity was found in spleen and 22% in mesenteric and peripheral lymph nodes. In animals with well functioning grafts of groups 2 and 3, SLs accumulated in both organs equally (25 to 27%). In animals in group 4, SLs migrated primarily to lymph nodes (30%) and away from spleen (20%). Sequestration in nonlymphoid tissues of animals experiencing graft rejection was higher than those with prolonged or indefinitely surviving hearts. By using mouse anti-rat monoclonal antibodies, the quantitative relationship between T cell subpopulations in transferred cell suspensions and in lymphoid organs of grafted hosts was also assessed. Lymphocyte migration patterns are influenced dramatically by the immunological status of recipients of vascularized organ allografts.
Grafting of polyethylene onto graphite oxide sheets: a comparison of two routes (2013)

Polyethylenes and azide-terminated polyethylenes can be converted to macroradicals and nitrenes, respectively followed by addition reactions onto the unsaturated system of graphite oxide sheets. For the first time, the addition of these macroradicals to graphite oxide sheets was compared by performing grafting reactions at 190 °C in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as a solvent and at 100 °C followed by a solvothermal reduction at 150 °C in a solvent mixture of 1,4-dioxane and 1,2-dichlorobenzene. Dispersion of PE coated graphite oxide in a DMF–heptane mixture was utilised to follow the introduction of polyethylene onto the GO sheet surface while the thermogravimetric analysis indicated the extent of this grafting. The grafting ratio was found to be in the 1.5 wt% range and despite this low grafting content, the amount of grafted PE was high enough to dramatically improve the affinity of GO with the heptane phase in the DMF–heptane (50/50 v/v) mixture. Polyethylene functionalised GO was imaged by scanning electron microscopy showing a significant difference in morphology between the two grafting paths. It was found that a higher level of grafting was obtained using a radical grafting reaction in the presence of benzoyl peroxide rather than the thermal cleavage of PE-N3 onto GO while a similar grafting content was obtained with the thermal cleavage of PE-N3 onto GO grafted trimethoxy(7-octen-1-yl)silane.
Combined Admission Control and Scheduling for QoS Differentiation in LTE Uplink (2008)

Long term evolution (LTE) architecture shall support end-to-end quality of service (QoS). For the QoS support and service differentiation it is important that the admission control and packet scheduling functionalities are QoS-aware. In this paper a combined admission control and a decoupled time-frequency domain scheduling framework for LTE uplink is presented. The proposed framework is shown to effectively differentiate QoS user classes in a mixed traffic scenario.
Ibogaine Modifies GDNF, BDNF and NGF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits (2018)

Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid which has been subject of intense scientific research due to its reported ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior. Recent work suggested that ibogaine effects on alcohol self-administration in rats was related to the release of Glial Cell Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), a mesencephalic region which hosts soma of dopamine neurons. It is well known that neurotrophic factors (NFs) mediate the neuroadaptations induced in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system by repeated exposure to drugs. Although previous reports have shown ibogaine´s ability to induce GDNF expression in rat midbrain, there are no studies addressing its effect on the expression of GDNF, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in distinct regions containing dopaminergic neurons. In this work, we examined the effect of ibogaine acute administration on the expression of these NFs in the VTA, Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the Substantia Nigra (SN). Thus, rats were i.p. treated with ibogaine 20 mg/kg (I20), 40 mg/kg (I40) or vehicle, and NFs expression was analyzed after 3 and 24 hours. Only at 24 h an increase of the expression for the three NFs were observed in a site and dose dependent manner. Results for GDNF showed that only I40 selectively upregulated its expression in the VTA and SN. Both doses of ibogaine elicited a large increase in the expression of BDNF in the NAcc, SN and PFC, while a significant effect was found in the VTA only for I40. Finally, NGF was found to be upregulated in all regions after I40, while a selective upregulation was found in PFC and VTA for the I20 treatment. An increase in the content of mature GDNF was observed in the VTA but no significant increase in the mature BDNF protein content was found in all the studied areas. Interestingly, an increase in the content of proBDNF was detected in the NAcc for both treatments. Further research is needed to understand the neurochemical bases of these changes, and to confirm their contribution to the anti-addictive properties of ibogaine.
Engineered Theranostic Magnetic Nanostructures: Role of Composition and Surface Coating on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast and Thermal Activation (2016)

Magnetic nanostructures (MNS) have emerged as promising functional probes for simultaneous diagnostics and therapeutics (theranostic) applications due to their ability to enhance localized contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and heat under external radio frequency (RF) field, respectively. We show that the "theranostic" potential of the MNS can be significantly enhanced by tuning their core composition and architecture of surface coating. Metal ferrite (e.g., MFe2O4) nanoparticles of ∼8 nm size and nitrodopamine conjugated polyethylene glycol (NDOPA-PEG) were used as the core and surface coating of the MNS, respectively. The composition was controlled by tuning the stoichiometry of MFe2O4 nanoparticles (M = Fe, Mn, Zn, ZnxMn1-x) while the architecture of surface coating was tuned by changing the molecular weight of PEG, such that larger weight is expected to result in longer length extended away from the MNS surface. Our results suggest that both core as well as surface coating are important factors to take into consideration during the design of MNS as theranostic agents which is illustrated by relaxivity and thermal activation plots of MNS with different core composition and surface coating thickness. After optimization of these parameters, the r2 relaxivity and specific absorption rate (SAR) up to 552 mM(-1) s(-1) and 385 W/g were obtained, respectively, which are among the highest values reported for MNS with core magnetic nanoparticles of size below 10 nm. In addition, NDOPA-PEG coated MFe2O4 nanostructures showed enhanced biocompatibility (up to [Fe] = 200 μg/mL) and reduced nonspecific uptake in macrophage cells in comparison to other well established FDA approved Fe based MR contrast agents.
Sampling stationary signals subject to bitrate constraints. (2016)

A theory of minimizing distortion in reconstructing a stationary signal under a constraint on the number of bits per sample is developed. We first analyze the optimal sampling frequency required in order to achieve the optimal distortion-rate tradeoff for a stationary bandlimited signal. To this end, we consider a combined sampling and source coding problem in which an analog Gaussian source is reconstructed from its encoded sub-Nyquist samples. We show that for processes whose energy is not uniformly distributed over the spectral band, each point on the distortion-rate curve of the process corresponds to a sampling frequency smaller than the Nyquist rate. This characterization can be seen as an extension of the classical sampling theorem for bandlimited random processes in the sense that it describes the minimal amount of excess distortion in the reconstruction due to lossy compression of the samples, and provides the minimal sampling frequency $f_{DR}$ required in order to achieve that distortion. We compare the fundamental limits of combined source coding and sampling to the performance in pulse code modulation (PCM), where each sample is quantized by a scalar quantizer using a fixed number of bits.
Cantilevers with integrated organic LEDs for scanning probe microscopy (2007)

Organic thin films which are based on Van der Waals-bonded molecular organic compounds can be deposited onto a variety of substrates including scanning probe cantilevers without the lattice-matching constraints of conventional covalently-bonded semiconductors. Here we demonstrate organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) fabricated on scanning probe cantilevers using thermal evaporation of molecular organic compounds and metallic electrodes. Ion beam lithography was used to define the emissive region in the shape of a ring having a diameter of 5 micrometers. The width of the ring emission was less than a micron as measured in the far field. Stable light emission was observed from the device at forward bias, with a current-voltage response similar to that of archetypal OLEDs. Such a probe can enable a new form of electrically-pumped SNOM compatible with existing atomic force microscopy tools and techniques. The emission wavelength can be tuned across the entire visible spectrum, including white light emission, by altering the composition of the emissive layer with a wide range of luminescent dyes. Should the ring-shaped light emission be used for imaging, the sample image can be deconvolved using a ring filter to achieve high resolution. The OLED probe can also be used to transfer excitons through the cathode to a sample via plasmon-assisted energy transfer; such a probe would be valuable for studying exciton dynamics in organic or organic/inorganic hybrid photovoltaic devices. By demonstrating the first active organic device on a scanning probe cantilever, this work opens the door to a wide range of new scanning probe techniques based on this class of materials for areas such as biological imaging.
Learning probabilistic relational models from sequential video data with applications in table-top and card games (2009)

Being able to understand complex dynamic scenes of real-world activities from low-level sen-sor data is of central importance for truly intelli-gent systems. The main difficulty lies in the fact that complex scenes are best described in high-level, logical formalisms, whereas sensor data – for example images derived from a video camera – usually consists of many low-level, numerical and presumably noisy feature values. In this work, we consider the problem of learning high-level, logi-cal descriptions of dynamic scenes based on only the input video stream. As an example, consider a surveillance cam-era in a metro station. Whereas the video data will consist of many noisy images, a high-level
Influence of post-annealing on the off current of MoS2 field-effect transistors (2015)

Two-dimensional materials have recently been spotlighted, due to their unique properties in comparison with conventional bulk and thin-film materials. Among those materials, MoS2 is one of the promising candidates for the active layer of electronic devices because it shows high electron mobility and pristine band gap. In this paper, we focus on the evolution of the electrical property of the MoS2 field-effect transistor (FET) as a function of post-annealing temperature. The results indicate that the off current drastically decreased at 200°C and increased at 400°C while other factors, such as the mobility and threshold voltage, show little variation. We consider that the decreasing off current comes from the rearrangement of the MoS2 film and the elimination of the surface residue. Then, the increasing off current was caused by the change of the material's composition and adsorption of H2O and O2.
Graphene Oxide Membranes for Trace Hydrocarbon Contaminant Removal from Aqueous Solution (2020)

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the application of graphene oxide (GO) membranes for the selective removal of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) from wastewater. These molecules are present in traces in the water produced from oil and gas plants and are treated now with complex filtration systems. GO membranes are obtained by a simple, fast, and scalable method. The focus of this work is to prove the possibility of employing GO membranes for the filtration of organic contaminants present in traces in oil and gas wastewater, which has never been reported. The stability of GO membranes is analyzed in water solutions with different pH and salinity. Details of the membrane preparation are provided, resulting in a crucial step to achieve a good filtration performance. Material characterization techniques such as electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy are employed to study the physical and chemical structure of GO membranes, while gas chromatography, UV-visible spectroscopy, and gravimetric techniques allow the quantification of their filtration performance. An impressive rejection of about 90% was achieved for 1 ppm of toluene and other pollutants in water, demonstrating the excellent performance of GO membranes in the oil and gas field.
High-brightness scalable continuous-wave single-mode photonic-crystal laser (2023)

Realizing large-scale single-mode, high-power, high-beam-quality semiconductor lasers, which rival (or even replace) bulky gas and solid-state lasers, is one of the ultimate goals of photonics and laser physics. Conventional high-power semiconductor lasers, however, inevitably suffer from poor beam quality owing to the onset of many-mode oscillation<sup>1,2</sup>, and, moreover, the oscillation is destabilized by disruptive thermal effects under continuous-wave (CW) operation<sup>3,4</sup>. Here, we surmount these challenges by developing large-scale photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with controlled Hermitian and non-Hermitian couplings inside the photonic crystal and a pre-installed spatial distribution of the lattice constant, which maintains these couplings even under CW conditions. A CW output power exceeding 50 W with purely single-mode oscillation and an exceptionally narrow beam divergence of 0.05° has been achieved for photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with a large resonant diameter of 3 mm, corresponding to over 10,000 wavelengths in the material. The brightness, a figure of merit encapsulating both output power and beam quality, reaches 1 GW cm<sup>-2</sup> sr<sup>-1</sup>, which rivals those of existing bulky lasers. Our work is an important milestone toward the advent of single-mode 1-kW-class semiconductor lasers, which are expected to replace conventional, bulkier lasers in the near future.
Both inhibition and enhanced expression of miR‐31 lead to reduced migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells (2012)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded RNA molecules that have a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. Alterations in miRNA expression levels have been observed in multiple tumor types and there is clear evidence on their active involvement in cancer development. Here, a comprehensive miRNA expression profiling in 16 pancreatic cancer cell lines and four normal pancreatic samples provided a specific molecular signature for pancreatic cancer and enabled us to identify 72 differentially expressed miRNAs with approximately half of them being up- and half downregulated in cancer cells as compared with normal samples. Of these, miR-31 was selected for further functional analyses based on its interesting "on-off" type expression profile, i.e., very low or even absent expression in normal pancreas and in six of the pancreatic cancer samples but extremely high expression in the remaining 10 cell lines. Quite unexpectedly, both the inhibition of miR-31 in AsPC-1 and HPAF-II pancreatic cancer cells with high endogenous expression and forced expression of miR-31 in MIA PaCa-2 with low endogenous levels led to reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. More importantly, in AsPC-1 cells further enhancement of miR-31 also resulted in reduced cell migration and invasion, implicating that the level of miR-31 is critical for these phenotypes. This study highlights a specific miRNA expression pattern in pancreatic cancer and reveals that manipulation of miR-31 expression leads to reduced cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer.
Value of Hemodynamic Monitoring in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support (2020)

The recent widespread availability and use of mechanical circulatory support is transforming the management and outcomes of cardiogenic shock (CS). Clinical decision-making regarding the optimization of therapies for patients with CS can be guided effectively by hemodynamic monitoring with a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC). Because several studies regarding the benefit of PACs are ambiguous, the use of PACs is variable among clinicians treating patients with CS. More notable is that PAC use has not been studied as part of a randomized, controlled trial in patients with CS with or without mechanical circulatory support. Standardized approaches to hemodynamic monitoring in these patients can improve decision-making and outcomes. In this review, we summarize the hemodynamics of CS and mechanical circulatory support with PAC-derived measurements, and provide a compelling rationale for the use of PAC monitoring in patients with CS receiving mechanical circulatory support.
Caulibugulones A−F, Novel Cytotoxic Isoquinoline Quinones and Iminoquinones from the Marine Bryozoan Caulibugula intermis (2004)

An extract of the marine bryozoan Caulibugula intermis, collected in the Indo-Pacific off Palau, produced a distinct pattern of differential cytotoxicity in the National Cancer Institute's 60 cell line antitumor screen. Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the extract provided six new compounds, caulibugulones A-F (1-6). The structures of these novel metabolites were determined by spectrochemical analyses including LC-MS, HRFABMS, 1-D and 2-D NMR experiments, and by comparison with related compounds. The structures of compounds 2 and 3 were confirmed by chemical interconversion. The isolated compounds exhibited IC(50)'s of 0.03-1.67 microg/mL against murine tumor cells in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay.
Phase I study of the adoptive immunotherapy of human cancer with lectin activated autologous mononuclear cells (1984)

In previous in vitro studies, the authors showed that phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cancer patients to generate cells that were lytic for fresh autologous tumor but not for lymphocytes or lymphoblasts. Thus, after IRB approval, a phase I clinical protocol was instituted in cancer patients who had failed all other therapy to determine the toxicity and effects, in vivo, of the infusion of large numbers of such PHA activated autologous PBL. Ten patients were treated on the protocol, six with sarcoma, one with melanoma, and three with colorectal cancer. Up to a total of 1.7 X 10(11) PBL were obtained from 7 to 15 successive leukaphereses, the cells from each leukapheresis being incubated in vitro in medium containing PHA and human AB serum for 2 days and then reinfused following the next leukapheresis 2 days later. Toxicity encountered included fever and chills in 10/10 patients, headaches in 5/10, nausea and vomiting in 3/10, and requirement for erythrocyte transfusion in 8/10. No evidence for autoimmune disease, abnormal serum chemical or coagulation studies, or pulmonary emboli was found. 111Indium trafficing studies showed distribution of infused cells mainly to the spleen and liver, with some accumulation in the lungs and tumor especially after repeated infusions. In 9/10 patients, activated PBL were detected in the peripheral circulation by the sixth leukapheresis. Evidence for this was found by assaying the incorporation of tritiated thymidine (3H-Tdr) into, and lysis of fresh tumor cells by, unstimulated PBL from successive leukaphereses. No tumor regression was seen in these patients with bulk disease. These studies demonstrated that large numbers of PHA-activated PBL can be safely obtained and infused into humans, achieving an increase in the number of circulating activated cells with evidence of migration of cells to tumor, lungs, liver and spleen. Further studies of the use of activated lymphocyte infusion in conjunction with chemotherapy in humans are in progress.
Ferromagnetic Polymer (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
VP8, the Major Tegument Protein of Bovine Herpesvirus 1, Interacts with Cellular STAT1 and Inhibits Interferon Beta Signaling (2016)

Since VP8 is the most abundant protein in BoHV-1 virions and thus may be released in large amounts into the host cell immediately upon infection, we proposed that it might have a function in the establishment of conditions suitable for viral replication. Indeed, while nonessential in vitro, it is critical for BoHV-1 replication in vivo In this study, we determined that VP8 plays a role in downregulation of the antiviral host response by inhibiting IFN-β signaling. VP8 interacted with and prevented nuclear accumulation of STAT1 at 2 h postinfection in the absence of de novo viral protein synthesis. Two domains of VP8, amino acids 259 to 482 and 632 to 686, were found to be responsible for this interaction. These results provide a new functional role for VP8 in BoHV-1 infection and a potential explanation for the lack of viral replication of the UL47 deletion mutant in cattle.
Diffraction image formation in optical systems with polarization aberrations I: Formulation and example (1990)

This paper is the first in a series that will examine image formation in optical systems with polarization aberrations. The present paper derives the point-spread function (PSF) and the optical transfer function for optical systems with polarization aberration and explores how image formation depends on the coherence and polarization state of the source. It is shown that the scalar PSF of Fourier optics can be generalized in the presence of polarization aberration to a 4 × 4 point-spread matrix (PSM) in Mueller matrix notation. A similar 4 × 4 optical transfer matrix (OTM) is shown to be an appropriate generalization of the optical transfer function. The PSM and the OTM are associated with the optical system and are independent of the incident polarization state but dependent on the coherence of the illumination. Since an optical system with polarization aberrations will have a different PSF and optical transfer function for different incident polarization states, the PSM and the OTM act as filters with regard to the incident polarization state. Example calculations are performed for a circularly retarding lens.