gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IN QUEST OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN SERVICES: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY (2010)

Proposal: Architectural design companies increasingly recognize that time spent on management is not at the expense of their production and there are always better ways to organize business. Although architects have long placed a traditional emphasis on quality, quality management is still a new concept for the majority of architectural design companies, which have to organize relatively more complicated operations nowadays to meet their clients’ expectations. This study aims to understand how architectural design companies define quality and explores the extent to which Total Quality Management (TQM) principles like continual improvement, employee involvement, customer satisfaction and others can be pertinent in these companies. Adopting a qualitative research strategy, the authors interviewed with the owner-managers of 10 widely-recognized architectural design companies of different size in Istanbul. The results from the content analysis of semi-structured interview data suggest that i) TQM principles cannot be directly applied in architectural design companies without an appropriate translation; ii) special characteristics of design services are important to explain quality-related perceptions of owner-managers; iii) the owner-managers feel the pressure from the changing internal and external environmental conditions, however few of them adopt a systematic and documented approach to quality management. Architectural design offices which aim to establish a quality management system can benefit from this study to understand potential problem areas on their road.
Superconducting AC Homopolar Machines for High-Speed Applications (2018)

This paper presents a novel high-speed alternating current (AC) homopolar motor/generator design using stationary ReBCO excitation windings. Compact, lightweight, high-efficiency motors and generators are sought for a multitude of applications. AC homopolar synchronous machines are an ideal choice for such applications as these machines enable very high rotational frequencies. These machines include both AC armature winding and direct current (DC) excitation winding within the stationary part of the machine. The stationary excitation winding magnetizes a solid steel rotor, enabling operating speeds limited only by the mechanical stress limit of the rotor steel. The operating speeds are many multiples of conventional power 50/60 Hz machines. Significant cooling requirements limit machines of this type utilizing copper excitation windings to only a few kilowatts. However, megawatt ratings become possible when superconductor coils are used. This paper describes the design and analysis of an AC homopolar machine in the context of developing a 500 kW flywheel system to be used for energy recovery and storage in commuter rail subway systems. Different approaches are discussed for an AC armature employing conventional copper coils. Challenges of building and cooling both armature and field coils are discussed and preferred approaches are suggested. Calculations of the machine performance are then made.
Screening schizophrenic patients for mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene (1994)

A limited number of rare missense mutations in exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene have been reported. They are associated with a variety of phenotypes including cerebral haemorrhage, multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. We recently reported an alanine to valine mutation in codon 713 in a single case of chronic familial schizophrenia with cognitive deficits. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) we have screened a cohort of 250 chronic schizophrenics for further mutations of exons 7, 16 and 17. None were found. Nevertheless recent evidence suggests that the 713 mutation is indeed pathogenic for the clinical phenotype observed; the mechanisms involved are outlined.
A Mild, Chemoselective Protocol for the Removal of Thioketals and Thioacetals Mediated by Dess—Martin Periodinane. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Differential protein stability of EGFR mutants determines responsiveness to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2016)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carrying specific EGFR kinase activating mutations (L858R, delE746-A750) respond well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, drug resistance develops within a year. In about 50% of such patients, acquired drug resistance is attributed to the enrichment of a constitutively active point mutation within the EGFR kinase domain (T790M). To date, differential drug-binding and altered ATP affinities by EGFR mutants have been shown to be responsible for differential TKI response. As it has been reported that EGFR stability plays a role in the survival of EGFR driven cancers, we hypothesized that differential TKI-induced receptor degradation between the sensitive L858R and delE746-A750 and the resistant T790M may also play a role in drug responsiveness. To explore this, we have utilized an EGFR-null CHO overexpression system as well as NSCLC cell lines expressing various EGFR mutants and determined the effects of erlotinib treatment. We found that erlotinib inhibits EGFR phosphorylation in both TKI sensitive and resistant cells, but the protein half-lives of L858R and delE746-A750 were significantly shorter than L858R/T790M. Third generation EGFR kinase inhibitor (AZD9291) inhibits the growth of L858R/T790M-EGFR driven cells and also induces EGFR degradation. Erlotinib treatment induced polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, primarily in a c-CBL-independent manner, in TKI sensitive L858R and delE746-A750 mutants when compared to the L858R/T790M mutant, which correlated with drug sensitivity. These data suggest an additional mechanism of TKI resistance, and we postulate that agents that degrade L858R/T790M-EGFR protein may overcome TKI resistance.
QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) design and analysis in high speed servers (2010)

Increase in processor speeds and recent advancements in processor performance through developments such as multi-core processing and simultaneous multi-threading (SMT) have resulted in a need for faster processor interconnect technology. The Intel® QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) is a high-speed, packetized, point-to-point interconnect used in Intel's next generation of microprocessors. Compared to its predecessor front-side bus (FSB), it offers much higher bandwidth with low latency. In this paper, electrical design characteristics of a QPI interface are analyzed in a high-end rack or blade server application. Also, the electrical challenges faced in designing the QPI interface in a high-end server environment from a signal integrity perspective are discussed. Sensitivity analysis on various uncontrollable electrical parameters is performed to understand their impact on QPI interface.
An overview of nondestructive testing methods for concrete structures (1995)

The life cycle and load-bearing capacity of concrete structures depend in great part on their thickness, original mix, placing consolidation, curing condition, reinforcements and later deterioration. The common engineering practice for evaluation of mechanical properties of concrete requires destructive testing of selected samples which are either pre-casted or extracted from the structure. A more rapid and less costly practice for obtaining mechanical properties of concrete are nondestructive testing methods. Generally speaking, nondestructive testing methods are applied on concrete for three main purposes. The first category are the tests which estimate the in-situ strength directly, such as surface hardness, penetration resistance and pullout techniques. The second category are the tests which measure the properties of concrete such as moisture, density, compressive wave velocity, modulus of elasticity, thickness, and temperature. Ultrasonic, infrared, nuclear and electrical methods are in this category. The third category are the tests to detect and locate the problem areas within concrete structures such as honeycombing, fractures, flaws and delaminations. Impact-echo, ground penetrating radar, pulse echo and acoustic emission methods are in this category. The present paper is an attempt to familiarize the practicing engineers in the fields of quality control and maintenance of concrete with nondestructive testing methods.more » The authors have classified the nondestructive testing methods based on their principle functions and applications in order to be used as guideline in the fields of civil and mining engineering.« less
Detection of Tumor Growth from Differential Acoustic Measurements (2001)

To maximize the probability of tumor detection in the breast using ultrasound, frequencies in the range of 0.25MHz-1MHz may be better than the 1MHz-10MHz range used in current imaging technology.
Isomeric carbazolocarbazoles: synthesis, characterization and comparative study in Organic Field Effect Transistors (2013)

We report here the synthesis and characterization of a new family of isomeric carbazolocarbazole derivatives, namely carbazolo[1,2-a]carbazole, carbazolo[3,2-b]carbazole and carbazolo[4,3-c]carbazole. Thermal, optical, electrochemical, morphological and semiconducting properties have been studied to understand the influence of geometrical isomerism on the optoelectronic properties of these compounds. Different packing patterns have been observed by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) which then correlate with the different morphologies of the evaporated thin films studied by XRD and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The effect of N-substituents has also been evaluated for one of the isomers revealing a noticeable influence on the performance as organic semiconductors in Organic Field Effect Transistors (OFETs). A good p-channel field effect has been determined for N,N′-dioctylcarbazolo[4,3-c]carbazole with a mobility of 0.02 cm2 V−1 s−1 and Ion/Ioff ratio of 106 in air. These preliminary results demonstrate the promising properties of molecular carbazolocarbazole systems which should be further explored in the area of organic semiconducting materials.
mHealth to improve implementation of TB contact investigation: a case study from Uganda (2023)

Overall, a theory-informed, community-engaged approach to implementation offered many learnings and actionable insights for delivering TB contact investigation and using implementation science in low-income countries. Future implementation trials, especially those incorporating mHealth strategies, should apply the learnings from this case study to enhance the rigor, equity, and impact of implementation research in global health settings.
Pile-up glass microreactor (2002)

We made a 'pile-up' microreactor in which ten levels of microchannel circuits were integrated to form a single glass entity. Solutions were distributed to each layer via cylindrical holes with a diameter much larger than that of the microchannel. Fabrication of the pile-up reactor was completed using only conventional photolithography, wet etching and thermal bonding techniques, and no special facilities or instruments were required. An amide formation reaction between amine in aqueous solution and acid chloride in organic solution was carried out using the pile-up reactor. The yield of the amide formation reaction is dependent on the size of the specific surface area between the two solutions, and the small space inside the microchannels is good for acquiring a large specific surface area without any stirring processes. The maximum throughput for the ten-layered pile-up reactor was ten times larger than that of a single-layered one, yet the reaction yield was still high. Productivity of the pile-up reactor for the reaction was as high as on a gram per hour scale. This value suggests that many conventional plants producing fine chemicals can be replaced by microreactors through the numbering-up technology.
Modeling of DISI Engine Sprays with Comparison to Experimental In-Cylinder Spray Images (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In modeling of engine fuel-air mixing, it is desired to be able to predict fuel spray atomization under different injection and ambient conditions. In this work, a previously developed sheet atomization model was studied for this purpose. For sprays from a pressure-swirl injector, it is assumed in the model that the fuel flows out the injector forming a conical liquid film (sheet), and the sprays are formed due to the disintegration of the sheet. Modified formulations are proposed to estimate sheet parameters including sheet thickness and velocity at the nozzle exit. It was found that the fuel flow rate of a swirl injector satisfied the correlation well. Computations of &lt;img class="article-image inline" src="2001-01-3667_fig0001.jpg" alt=""/&gt; correlation well. Computations of the sprays injected in an engine with a side-mounted injector were performed for conditions that duplicated a set of experiments performed in an optical engine. The computed results were compared with the spray images obtained from the optical engine using elastic (Mie) scattering. Both early and late injection schemes were studied and fairly good agreement between computation and experiment was obtained. It was found that in this particular engine configuration the spray was lifted from its axis toward the chamber roof at the late injection mode while it was deflected from its axis in an opposite direction for the early injection mode. Analysis of the modeling indicated that these phenomena were related to the complicated spray and gas flow interactions.&lt;/div&gt;
Regeneration of Hyaline Cartilage by Cell-Mediated Gene Therapy Using Transforming Growth Factor β 1-Producing Fibroblasts (2001)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) has been considered as a candidate for gene therapy of orthopedic diseases. The possible application of cell-mediated TGF-beta gene therapy as a new treatment regimen for degenerative arthritis was investigated. In this study, fibroblasts expressing active TGF-beta 1 were injected into the knee joints of rabbits with artificially made cartilage defects to evaluate the feasibility of this therapy for orthopedic diseases. Two to 3 weeks after the injection there was evidence of cartilage regeneration, and at 4 to 6 weeks the cartilage defect was completely filled with newly grown hyaline cartilage. Histological analyses of the regenerated cartilage suggested that it was well integrated with the adjacent normal cartilage at the sides of the defect and that the newly formed tissue was indeed hyaline cartilage. Our findings suggest that cell-mediated TGF-beta 1 gene therapy may be a novel treatment for orthopedic diseases in which hyaline cartilage damage has occurred.
Surfactant Treatment of Neonates With Respiratory Failure and Group B Streptococcal Infection (2000)

Surfactant therapy improves gas exchange in the majority of patients with GBS pneumonia. The response to surfactant is slower than in infants with RDS, and repeated surfactant doses are often needed. The mortality and morbidity are substantial, considering the relatively high mean birth weight of the treated infants.
Intensive Hemodialysis: Effects of Treatment Time and Frequency on Time-Averaged Concentrations of Solutes (2018)

Most of chronic renal disease patients receive 4-h hemodialysis (HD) sessions thrice a week. This is the minimum therapy needed to maintain life. This conventional HD therapy protocol is, however, inadequate to prevent dialysis-related complications. On the other hand, some intensive HD therapies, such as "short daily dialysis," "quotidian dialysis," etc., are being adopted in some dialysis institutions for maximizing the beneficial effects of HD on the quality of life/activities of daily living of the patients. In this paper, the effects of dialysis treatment time and frequency on the adequacy of solute removal in these intensive HD therapies protocols were examined by kinetic modeling using a 1-compartment model. In this model, it is presupposed that urea is distributed throughout the total body fluid compartment and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) is distributed throughout the extracellular compartment. The time-averaged concentrations (TACs) of BUN and β2-MG can be estimated by inputting the body weight, generation rate of the solute, dialyzer clearance for the solute, and the dialysis treatment time and frequency into the model. According to the results, the TACs were strongly dependent on the total dialysis time per week (T) value and to a slightly lesser degree on the dialysis frequency per week (N) value for both solutes. It is concluded that the 1-compartment model introduced in this study is valid for estimating the TACs of BUN and β2-MG in patients undergoing maintenance HD therapy, and T and N values are important factors influencing the adequacy of solute removal in patients receiving maintenance HD therapy.
Impact of Increasing Resolution On Atmospheric Wind Forcing Over Coastal Ocean (2014)

The impact of resolution on atmospheric predictions that will be used as forcing for oceanic models within regions of complex coastal geometry is evaluated. A quadruple nest of The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System, COAMPS™, is used for hourly and 3-hourly surface wind predictions at four resolutions with ranging scales between 27km and 1 km over coastal waters. We studied the Turkish Straits System which is a two-strait region of complex coastline and topography, and the Chesapeake Bay area having a convoluted coastline. The 27-km coarse resolution model product produces a smoother wind field that can successfully simulate the general low-frequency variation but is unable to capture the high frequency peak events. The land-sea interface at 27-km resolution cannot resolve important details over coastal waters, around islands and along straits that will be crucial for coastal ocean modeling. The friction over land and the blocking of winds are affected by the coastline and landmass representation, therefore increase in resolution allows a more realistic coastline resulting in predictions with less error. As the resolution increases especially at those locations close to complex shorelines, the accuracy of atmospheric predictions increases which will allow the generation of better quality forcing files for ocean models. Results appear to converge at 3-km resolution and further increasing the resolution from 3-km to 1-km does not produce a clear improvement. Fast moving storm systems and frontal events with strong wind speeds and sharp gradients in coastal waters can hardly be captured by 3-hrly winds and an increase in temporal frequency of the wind records to hourly for ocean forcing generation is recommended. The analyses suggest the use of hourly atmospheric products at 3-km resolution as oceanic forcing for both the Turkish Straits System and the Chesapeake Bay region. A preliminary analysis on the direct impact of atmospheric forcing products at different resolutions on coastal ocean predictions using the Advanced Circulation Model, ADCIRC, is also presented.
Optimization and safety evaluation of a 3.3 kW wireless EV charger (2015)

University of Michigan, Dearborn (UMD) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) LLC have partnered to help further the commercialization of safe and reliable EV wireless charging technology. In this work, the optimized design of a 3.3 kW wireless EV charger is introduced. The predictive modeling is used as a tool for analyzing the system power sensitivity in terms of the horizontal misalignment. The modeling is also used as the tool for evaluating the radiation level and to determine the critical radiation hazardous zones. The magnetic field radiation near the charging zone is studied under both aligned and misaligned scenarios.
Entanglement entropy and boundary renormalization group flow: Exact results in the Ising universality class (2017)

The entanglement entropy in one-dimensional critical systems with boundaries has been associated with the noninteger ground-state degeneracy. This quantity, being a characteristic of boundary fixed points, decreases under renormalization group flow, as predicted by the g theorem. Here, using conformal field theory methods, we exactly calculate the entanglement entropy in the boundary Ising universality class. Our expression can be separated into the well-known bulk term and a boundary entanglement term, displaying a universal flow between two boundary conditions, in accordance with the g theorem. These results are obtained within the replica trick approach, where we show that the associated twist field, a central object generating the geometry of an $n$-sheeted Riemann surface, can be bosonized, giving simple analytic access to multiple quantities of interest. We argue that our result applies to other models falling into the same universality class. This includes the vicinity of the quantum critical point of the two-channel Kondo model, allowing one to track in real space the presence of a region containing one-half of a qubit with entropy $\frac{1}{2}log(2)$, associated with a free local Majorana fermion.
Crystallographic Snapshots of the Bond‐Breaking Isomerization Reactions Involving Nickel(II) Complexes with Hemilabile Ligands (2011)

Freeze-frame: Octahedral and square-planar structural isomers, representing the two “end states” in a hemilabile ligand bond-breaking isomerization reaction, have been characterized in solution by spectroscopic methods and in the solid state by X-ray crystallography (see picture: Ni green, C gray, P orange, N blue, S yellow).
Differential uptake of functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles by human macrophages and monocytic cells (2012)

Tumor cell lines are frequently used as models to analyze the cellular uptake of nanoparticles. Here we show that carboxy‐ (PS‐COOH) and amino‐functionalized (PS‐NH 2 ) polystyrene nanoparticles of ~100 nm in diameter are internalized by human macrophages, THP‐1 monocytic leukemia cells, and by PMA‐differentiated THP‐1 cells via different mechanisms. Macrophages and THP‐1 rapidly internalized PS‐COOH and to a lesser extent PS‐NH 2 particles when incubated in buffer. The uptake of both nanoparticles was drastically reduced in media containing serum. Using pharmacological and antisense in vitro knockdown approaches, we showed that the specific interaction between the CD64 receptor and the particles determines the macrophage uptake of particles by phagocytosis, whereas particle internalization in THP‐1 cells occurred via dynamin II‐dependent endocytosis. PMA‐differentiated THP‐1 cells took up the particles via macropinocytosis. In line with the in vitro data, more PS‐COOH particles were accumulated in liver tissue, whereas PS‐NH 2 particles were preferentially targeted to tumor tissue. These data show that the extent of the particle internalization, the uptake kinetics and its mechanism differ significantly among primary cells and model tumor cells, whether differentiated or not, and are further critically dependent on the particle opsonisation by serum proteins. Supported by the DFG, SPP1313.