gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Thin Sectioning (Nanoskiving) to Fabricate Nanostructures for Electronic and Optical Applications (2011)

This Review discusses nanoskiving--a simple and inexpensive method of nanofabrication, which minimizes requirements for access to cleanrooms and associated facilities, and which makes it possible to fabricate nanostructures from materials, and of geometries, to which more familiar methods of nanofabrication are not applicable. Nanoskiving requires three steps: 1) deposition of a metallic, semiconducting, ceramic, or polymeric thin film onto an epoxy substrate; 2) embedding this film in epoxy, to form an epoxy block, with the film as an inclusion; and 3) sectioning the epoxy block into slabs with an ultramicrotome. These slabs, which can be 30 nm-10 μm thick, contain nanostructures whose lateral dimensions are equal to the thicknesses of the embedded thin films. Electronic applications of structures produced by this method include nanoelectrodes for electrochemistry, chemoresistive nanowires, and heterostructures of organic semiconductors. Optical applications include surface plasmon resonators, plasmonic waveguides, and frequency-selective surfaces.
Supplementary Data from Clinical Pharmacology of Tisagenlecleucel in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data&lt;/p&gt;
Ring-patterned plasmonic photonic crystal thermal light source for miniaturized near-infrared spectrometers (2018)

There is a growing number of spectroscopy applications in the near-infrared (NIR) range including gas sensing, food analysis, pharmaceutical and industrial applications that requires highly efficient, more compact and low-cost miniaturized spectrometers. One of the key components for such systems is the wideband light source that can be fabricated using Silicon technology and hence integrated with other components on the same chip. In this work, we report a ring-patterned plasmonic photonic crystal (PC) thermal light source for miniaturized near-infrared spectrometers. The design is based on silicon and tuned to achieve wavelength selectivity in the emitted spectrum. The design is optimized by using Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (RCWA) simulation, which is used to compute the power reflectance and transmittance that are used to predict the emissivity of the structure. The design consists of a PC of silicon rings coated with platinum. The period of the structure is about 2 &mu;m and the silicon is highly-doped with n-type doping level in the order of 10<sup>19</sup>–10<sup>20</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> to enhance the free-carrier absorption. The ring etching depth, diameter and shell thickness are optimized to increase its emissivity within a specific wavelength range of interest. The simulation results show an emissivity exceeding 0.9 in the NIR range up to 2.5 &mu;m, while the emissivity is decreased significantly for longer wavelengths suppressing the emission out of the range of interest, and hence increasing the efficiency for the source. The reported results open the door for black body radiation engineering in integrated silicon sources for spectrometer miniaturization.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Jatropholone A and B. (1986)

Abstract Die Totalsynthese von Jatropholo‐ nen (I) wird, ausgehend von dem Enamin (II), über (V) und (VI) beschrieben (12 Reaktionsschritte, 6 % Gesamtausbeute).
Logic Synthesis Meets Machine Learning: Trading Exactness for\n Generalization (2020)

Logic synthesis is a fundamental step in hardware design whose goal is to\nfind structural representations of Boolean functions while minimizing delay and\narea. If the function is completely-specified, the implementation accurately\nrepresents the function. If the function is incompletely-specified, the\nimplementation has to be true only on the care set. While most of the\nalgorithms in logic synthesis rely on SAT and Boolean methods to exactly\nimplement the care set, we investigate learning in logic synthesis, attempting\nto trade exactness for generalization. This work is directly related to machine\nlearning where the care set is the training set and the implementation is\nexpected to generalize on a validation set. We present learning\nincompletely-specified functions based on the results of a competition\nconducted at IWLS 2020. The goal of the competition was to implement 100\nfunctions given by a set of care minterms for training, while testing the\nimplementation using a set of validation minterms sampled from the same\nfunction. We make this benchmark suite available and offer a detailed\ncomparative analysis of the different approaches to learning\n
Abstract 15543: Long Term Prospective Follow up of Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Adult Congenital Heart Disease (2017)

Introduction: Adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD) both repaired and unrepaired, are at risk for ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Despite the increasing use of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in treating VAs, there is a paucity of data regarding its safety and efficacy in ACHD patients. Objective: To describe characteristics and prospectively follow outcomes for a large, diverse cohort of ACHD patients undergoing RF ablation for ventricular arrhythmias. Methods: A prospective cohort was followed for all ablation procedures of ventricular arrhythmias performed at University of Colorado from 2010 - present. Of over 600 ablation procedures, 29 (5%) consecutive ACHD patients were identified. Patient characteristics, indications, procedural details, complications, and follow up were collected. Results: Of 29 ACHD patients undergoing ablation, 25 (86.2%) had prior surgical repair. The cohort included those with tetralogy of Fallot, single ventricle physiology, transposition of the great arteries, and ...
Relation between outer and luminal diameter in cannulated arteries (1999)

Resistance in blood vessels is directly related to the inner (luminal) diameter (ID). However, ID can be difficult to measure during physiological experiments because of poor transillumination of thick-walled or tightly constricted vessels. We investigated whether the wall cross-sectional area (WCSA) in cannulated arteries is nearly constant, allowing IDs to be calculated from outer diameters (OD) using a single determination of WCSA. With the use of image analysis, OD and ID were directly measured using either transillumination or a fluorescent marker in the lumen. IDs from a variety of vessel types were calculated from WCSA at several reference pressures. Calculated IDs at all of the reference WCSA were within 5% (mean <1%) of the corresponding measured IDs in all vessel types studied, including vessels from heterozygote elastin knockout animals. This was true over a wide range of transmural pressures, during treatment with agonists, and before and after treatment with KCN. In conclusion, WCSA remains virtually constant in cannulated vessels, allowing accurate determination of ID from OD measurement under a variety of experimental conditions.
Correlative multi-label multi-instance image annotation (2011)

In this paper, each image is viewed as a bag of local regions, as well as it is investigated globally. A novel method is developed for achieving multi-label multi-instance image annotation, where image-level (bag-level) labels and region-level (instance-level) labels are both obtained. The associations between semantic concepts and visual features are mined both at the image level and at the region level. Inter-label correlations are captured by a co-occurence matrix of concept pairs. The cross-level label coherence encodes the consistency between the labels at the image level and the labels at the region level. The associations between visual features and semantic concepts, the correlations among the multiple labels, and the cross-level label coherence are sufficiently leveraged to improve annotation performance. Structural max-margin technique is used to formulate the proposed model and multiple interrelated classifiers are learned jointly. To leverage the available image-level labeled samples for the model training, the region-level label identification on the training set is firstly accomplished by building the correspondences between the multiple bag-level labels and the image regions. JEC distance based kernels are employed to measure the similarities both between images and between regions. Experimental results on real image datasets MSRC and Corel demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Stabilisierung eines cysteinreichen Kegelschneckentoxins, MrIA, in Form eines 1,2,3‐Triazol‐Disulfidbrückenmimetikums (2014)

Abstract Die Synthese von Disulfidbrückenmimetika ist eine wichtige Strategie zur Optimierung disulfidreicher Peptide beim Wirkstoff‐Design. Wir beschreiben Mimetika des Conotoxins MrIA, die durch selektiven Austausch einzelner Disulfidbindungen gegen Brücken aus einem 1,4‐disubstituierten 1,2,3‐Triazol erhalten wurden. Eine sequenzielle, Kupfer‐katalysierte Azid‐Alkin‐Klick‐Reaktion (CuAAC) mit nachfolgender Disulfidbildung führte regioselektiv zu hybriden Triazol‐Disulfid‐Analoga von MrIA. Mimetika, in denen Triazol die Cys4‐Cys13‐Disulfidbindung ersetzte, behielten ihre Tertiärstruktur sowie die volle In‐vitro‐ und In‐vivo‐Aktivität als Inhibitoren der Noradrenalin‐Wiederaufnahme bei. Diese Mimetika sind resistent gegen Reduktion mit Glutathion, was zu einer verbesserten Plasmastabilität führt und dadurch interessant für die Wirkstoff‐Entwicklung ist.
Resource allocation for asymmetric traffic in time division duplexing mode cellular networks (2003)

Time Division Duplexing (TDD) mode systems provide greatflexibility that can be used to implement asymmetrical links.Adverse interference conditions easily arise, however.Especially if dicerent asymmetries are required in neighbouringcells. This thesis examines the feasibility of supportingasymmetric links in a locally centralised system in a Manhattanenvironment. Methods to avoid inter-mobile and inter-basestation interference are studied and possible performance gainsare assessed. Further, the implications of having differentasymmetries in neighbouring cells and the importance of thebase station placement are investigated. The thesis shows that asymmetric traffic can be provided inTDD mode systems with a locally centralised resource allocationscheme. Capacity is increased noticeably when compared to asystem with a fixed global asymmetry. Careful handling ofinter-mobile station interference is of great importancethough, to keep outage reasonably low. Measuring link-gainsbetween mobile stations is considered infeasible. However, itis shown that outage can be reduced significantly by using somesimple allocation rules and link-gain estimates proposed andevaluated in the thesis. Results also show that it is possibleto have different asymmetry ratios in different parts of thesystem, though large asymmetry differences between neighbouringcells will adversely affect capacity. Where base stations areplaced is important for system capacity, but as long as thebase stations are not placed in the intersections, the exactlocations are not critical.
Type 2 diabetes in young Indigenous Australians in rural and remote areas: diagnosis, screening, management and prevention (2012)

The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Indigenous children and adolescents is much greater than in non-Indigenous young people and appears to be rising, although data on epidemiology and complications are limited. Young Indigenous people living in remote areas appear to be at excess risk of T2DM. Most young Indigenous people with T2DM are asymptomatic at diagnosis and typically have a family history of T2DM, are overweight or obese and may have signs of hyperinsulinism such as acanthosis nigricans. Onset is usually during early adolescence. Barriers to addressing T2DM in young Indigenous people living in rural and remote settings relate to health service access, demographics, socioeconomic factors, cultural factors, and limited resources at individual and health service levels. We recommend screening for T2DM for any Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person aged > 10 years (or past the onset of puberty) who is overweight or obese, has a positive family history of diabetes, has signs of insulin resistance, has dyslipidaemia, has received psychotropic therapy, or has been exposed to diabetes in utero. Individualised management plans should include identification of risk factors, complications, behavioural factors and treatment targets, and should take into account psychosocial factors which may influence health care interaction, treatment success and clinical outcomes. Preventive strategies, including lifestyle modification, need to play a dominant role in tackling T2DM in young Indigenous people.
Enhancement of Growth of Virulent Strains of Escherichia coli by Interleukin-1 (1991)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a polypeptide cytokine that mediates many physiological responses to infection and inflammation and is a growth factor for certain mammalian cells. Virulent and avirulent clinical isolates of Escherichia coli were grown in culture media in the presence of human IL-1. IL-1 beta, but not tumor necrosis factor or IL-4, enhanced the growth of virulent, but not avirulent, E. coli. This enhancement was blocked by the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Radiolabeled IL-1 bound to virulent but not avirulent E. coli in a specific and saturable fashion; IL-1ra inhibited this binding. Thus, human IL-1 may recognize a functional IL-1-like receptor structure on virulent E. coli and may be a virulence factor for bacterial pathogenicity.
Impact of human behavior on inspiratory flow profiles in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension using AOS™ dry powder inhaler device (2021)

Relative to healthy subjects, patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension often present with decreased respiratory muscle strength, resulting in decreased maximum inspiratory pressure. Little is known about the impact of reduced respiratory muscle strength on the ability to achieve the peak inspiratory pressures needed for effective drug delivery when using portable dry powder inhalers (≥1.0 kPa). The objective of this study was to assess the impact of inhaler resistance and patient instruction on the inspiratory flow profiles of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients when using breath-actuated dry powder inhalers. The inspiratory flow profiles of 35 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension were measured with variants of the RS01 dry powder inhaler. Profiles were determined with a custom inspiratory flow profile recorder. Results showed that going from the low resistance RS01 dry powder inhaler to the high resistance AOS® dry powder inhaler led to increases in mean peak inspiratory pressures for pulmonary arterial hypertension subjects from 3.7 kPa to 6.5 kPa. Instructions that ask pulmonary arterial hypertension subjects to inhale with maximal effort until their lungs are full led to a mean peak inspiratory pressures of 6.0 kPa versus 2.1 kPa when the same subjects are asked to inhale comfortably. Significant decreases in mean peak inspiratory pressures are also observed with decreases in lung function, with a mean peak inspiratory pressures of 7.2 kPa for subjects with FEV1 > 60% predicted, versus 3.3 kPa for those subjects with FEV1 < 50% predicted. In conclusion, despite having reduced respiratory muscle strength, subjects with pulmonary arterial hypertension can effectively use a breath-actuated dry powder inhaler. The probability of achieving effective dose delivery may be increased by using dry powder inhalers with increased device resistance, particularly when subjects do not follow the prescribed instructions and inhale comfortably.
Lithographic Applications of Redox Probe Microscopy (2001)

The molecular-scale lithographic applications of a technique which we have developed and termed redox probe microscopy, RPM, in which an AFM tip is modified with redox-active materials, are presented. In this technique, the interactions between the tip and an adsorbate or between the tip and a surface are modulated by means of the electrode potential, allowing for the generation of desired surface structures and patterns. Two cases are presented: (a) the use of an RPM tip to deliberately manipulate and position objects (“microtweezers”) and (b) the utilization of an RPM tip to “pattern” a pH-sensitive block copolymer using what we term the “pH-stylus”. In the first case, the AFM tip is modified with a film of poly(vinylferrocene) and the adhesive interactions of the modified tip with sulfonated chromatography beads are deliberately controlled to be either strong or weak depending on the redox state of the ferrocene centers, allowing for the deliberate positioning of the beads to generate a pattern. In the pH-stylus, an RPM tip is modified with a hydroquinone self-assembling monolayer which upon oxidation releases protons. By a scan of such a modified tip over a pH-sensitive block copolymer and control of the electrode potential, the polymer film can be exposed to generate patterns.
Investigation of the role of SDHB inactivation in sporadic phaeochromocytoma and neuroblastoma (2004)

Germline mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II) subunit B gene, SDHB, cause susceptibility to head and neck paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma. Previously, we did not identify somatic SDHB mutations in sporadic phaeochromocytoma, but SDHB maps to 1p36, a region of frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in neuroblastoma as well. Hence, to evaluate SDHB as a candidate neuroblastoma tumour suppressor gene (TSG) we performed mutation analysis in 46 primary neuroblastomas by direct sequencing, but did not identify germline or somatic SDHB mutations. As TSGs such as RASSF1A are frequently inactivated by promoter region hypermethylation, we designed a methylation-sensitive PCR-based assay to detect SDHB promoter region methylation. In 21% of primary neuroblastomas and 32% of phaeochromocytomas (32%) methylated (and unmethylated) alleles were detected. Although promoter region methylation was also detected in two neuroblastoma cell lines, this was not associated with silencing of SDHB expression, and treatment with a demethylating agent (5-azacytidine) did not increase SDH activity. These findings suggest that although germline SDHB mutations are an important cause of phaeochromocytoma susceptibility, somatic inactivation of SDHB does not have a major role in sporadic neural crest tumours and SDHB is not the target of 1p36 allele loss in neuroblastoma and phaeochromocytoma.
Determination of double bond position and geometry of olefins by mass spectrometry of their Diels-Alder adducts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of double bond position and geometry of olefins by mass spectrometry of their Diels-Alder adductsDavid A. Kidwell and K. BiemannCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 14, 2462–2465Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00251a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00251a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hand Blockage Modeling and Beamforming Codebook Mitigation Strategies (2021)

Hand and body blockage are known to result in significant performance degradation at millimeter wave carrier frequencies. A number of prior works have proposed statistical models to capture the spatial region lost due to blockage and the associated losses incurred in signal strength over this region. In particular, it is understood that while a hard hand grip can lead to substantial losses, a more relaxed/looser hand grip can lead to moderate losses. However, all these works consider only the signal strength degradation with blockage mitigation mechanisms consisting of densification of the network and the use of more antenna modules at the user equipment end. In practice, the number of antenna modules in a user equipment may be limited leading to the need for more novel blockage mitigation strategies. Towards this goal, in this work, we show that the presence of the hand on top/near an antenna module can distort the observed amplitude and phase of the array response. We also show that a non-directional analog beamforming codebook enhancement can de-randomize some of the phase distortions and recover some of the gains lost due to the hand with a directional beamforming codebook.
A ponderomotive guiding center particle-in-cell code for efficient modeling of laser-plasma interactions (2000)

A novel particle simulation code is described that self-consistently models certain classes of laser-plasma interactions without resolving the optical cycles of the laser. This is accomplished by separating the electromagnetic field into a laser component and a wake component. Although the wake component is treated as in a fully explicit particle-in-cell (PIC) code, the laser component is treated in the high-frequency limit, which allows the optical cycles to be averaged out. This leads to enormous reductions in computer time when the laser frequency is much greater than all other frequencies of interest. This work is an extension of the work of Mora and Antonsen, Jr. (1996 and 1997), who derived the time-averaged equations coupling the laser with the particles and developed a code to solve these equations in the quasi-static limit. The code presented is distinguished by the fact that it is useful when the plasma length is much less than the laser pulse length. Also, it is already parallelized and should be straightforward to extend to three dimensions.
Non-linear modelling of the dissolved oxygen to ammonium dynamics in a nitrifying activated sludge process (2017)

Non-linear modelling of the dissolved oxygen to ammonium dynamics in a nitrifying activated sludge process
Direct heteroarylation of 5-bromothiophen-2-ylpyridine and of 8-bromoquinoline via palladium-catalysed C–H bond activation: simpler access to heteroarylated nitrogen-based derivatives (2013)

The palladium-catalysed direct heteroarylation of the pyridyl-containing substrates, 2-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)pyridine and 8-bromoquinoline, proceeds in moderate to high yields with a variety of heteroarenes in the presence of 1–2 mol% of a palladium catalyst. This approach allows the access to polyheteroaromatics which are interesting building blocks as (N⁁C)-chelate ligands. The reaction proceeds regioselectively at the C5 position of thiophenes, thiazoles, furans or pyrroles and tolerates various substituents such as formyl, acetyl, ester, nitrile or chloro on the heteroarene. Therefore, this method allows a straightforward modulation of the electron density distribution on such derivatives.