gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of peptides with an affinity for phospholipid membranes during the automated purification of extracellular vesicles (2020)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, have garnered increasing interest because of their potential clinical applications that range from diagnostics to therapeutics. The development of an automated and reproducible EV purification platform would therefore aid the introduction of EV biomarkers and therapies into the clinic. Here, we demonstrate that K8- as well as K-16 peptides (containing 8 and 16 lysine residues with dissociation constants of 102 nM and 11.6 nM for phosphatidylserine, respectively) immobilized on magnetic beads can capture small EVs (< 0.2 µm) from culture supernatants of MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Importantly, the bound EVs could be dissociated from the beads under mild conditions (e.g. 0.5 M NaCl), and the isolated EVs had the typical shapes of EVs under SEM and TEM with a mean particle size of 99 nm. Using the peptide-immobilized beads, we adapted a pre-existing bench top instrument for magnetic separation to perform automated EV purification with higher purity and yield than that obtained using the standard ultracentrifugation method.
Investigating Multiscale Spatial Distribution of Sulfur in a CNT Scaffold and Its Impact on Li–S Cell Performance (2021)

Ever increasing demand on high energy density batteries positions sulfur as a very promising cathode material for next-generation energy storage due to its high theoretical capacity of 1675 mAh/g. Electronically sulfur is highly insulating, and therefore integration of a conducting framework such as a carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffold with sulfur is a key aspect of the cathode design. Despite numerous efforts dedicated to S-CNT cathode development, increasing sulfur loading to above 1 mg/cm2 while maintaining the cycling stability of the Li–S cell remains challenging. This could be partly due to the lack of understanding of the spatial distribution of sulfur in the CNT matrix and its location with respect to the morphology of the CNT scaffold. We demonstrate herein that the sulfur has a hierarchical distribution in the CNT cathode at high sulfur loading (>5 mg/cm2) spanning multiple length scales (from nanometer to submillimeter). Sulfur infiltration into the CNT rather than the sulfur loading plays a key role in determining the redox reaction kinetics, Li+ ion diffusion, and the galvanostatic cycling capacity and stability of Li–S cells. This study provides new insights for the design and fabrication of high loading, binder-free sulfur–carbon-based cathode architectures for next-generation high energy Li–S batteries.
Heat Shock Protein 60 Inhibits Th1-Mediated Hepatitis Model via Innate Regulation of Th1/Th2 Transcription Factors and Cytokines (2005)

Extracellular heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) has been considered a proinflammatory danger signal. Yet, HSP60 can also down-regulate experimental immune arthritis and diabetes models by specific inhibition of Th1-like responses. We now report that HSP60 in vitro differentially modulates the expression of Th1/Th2 transcription factors in human T cells: HSP60 down-regulates T-bet, NF-kappaB, and NFATp and up-regulates GATA-3, leading to decreased secretion of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma and enhanced secretion of IL-10. These effects depended on TLR2 signaling and could not be attributed to LPS or to other contaminants. In BALB/c mice, HSP60 in vivo inhibited the clinical, histological, and serological manifestations of Con A-induced hepatitis associated with up-regulated T cell expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and GATA-3 and down-regulated T-bet expression. These results provide a molecular explanation for the effects of HSP60 treatment on T cell inflammation via innate regulation of the inflammatory response.
N-YLIDENBENZOLSULFONAMIDE AUS THIOXOHETEROCYCLEN UND PHENYLSULFONYLAZIDEN (1991)

Abstract Thioxoheterocycles (1–9) react with phenylsulfonylazides (10) to give N-ylidenebenzenesulfonamides (11–20). Thioxoheterocyclen (1–9) reagieren mit Phenylsulfonylaziden (10) zu N-Ylidenbenzolsulfonamiden (11–20).
Supplementary Table 2 from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway
Systematic Evaluation of Bioorthogonal Reactions in Live Cells with Clickable HaloTag Ligands: Implications for Intracellular Imaging (2015)

Bioorthogonal reactions, including the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) and inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) reactions, have become increasingly popular for live-cell imaging applications. However, the stability and reactivity of reagents has never been systematically explored in the context of a living cell. Here we report a universal, organelle-targetable system based on HaloTag protein technology for directly comparing bioorthogonal reagent reactivity, specificity, and stability using clickable HaloTag ligands in various subcellular compartments. This system enabled a detailed comparison of the bioorthogonal reactions in live cells and informed the selection of optimal reagents and conditions for live-cell imaging studies. We found that the reaction of sTCO with monosubstituted tetrazines is the fastest reaction in cells; however, both reagents have stability issues. To address this, we introduced a new variant of sTCO, Ag-sTCO, which has much improved stability and can be used directly in cells for rapid bioorthogonal reactions with tetrazines. Utilization of Ag complexes of conformationally strained trans-cyclooctenes should greatly expand their usefulness especially when paired with less reactive, more stable tetrazines.
Experimental Confirmation of a PDE-Based Approach to Design of Feedback Controls (1997)

Issues regarding the experimental implementation of PDE-based controllers are discussed in this work. While the motivating application involves the reduction of vibration levels for a circular plate through excitation of surface-mounted piezoceramic patches, the general techniques described here will extend to a variety of applications. The initial step is the development of a PDE model which accurately captures the physics of the underlying process. This model is then discretized to yield a vector-valued initial value problem. Optimal control theory is used to determine continuous-time voltages to the patches, and the approximations needed to facilitate discrete-time implementation are addressed. Finally, experimental results demonstrating the control of both transient and steady-state vibrations through these techniques are presented.
Large field-of-view short-wave infrared metalens for scanning fiber endoscopy (2023)

These results show the promise of integrating a metalens into an endoscope for device minimization and optical performance improvement.
An efficient multiplexing technique for packet-switched voice/data networks (1988)

The authors propose a multiplexing frame structure that makes it possible to transmit voice messages synchronously without loss or clipping of contents. This scheme has discrete delay characteristics, and provides a simple play-out method for reproduction of voice signal. The authors investigate its performance by obtaining the cumulative distribution of delay of voice packets and the mean waiting time of data packets. It is concluded that this synchronous frame structure can easily be applied to enhance services with various transmission rates, such as flow control of message streams, node congestion control, and service-class or throughput-class negotiation of channels without significant degradation of trunk utilization.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the characterization of UWB antennas (2008)

Compared with narrowband antennas, ultra-wideband antennas have particular characteristics which involve complementary and new ways to describe them. This article presents theoretical considerations and a methodology to characterize UWB antennas in the time/frequency domains from simulation and measurement using a vector network analyzer. In particular, the impact UWB antenna from the point of view of their filtering features is emphasized. Experimental considerations are developed from a specific UWB antenna. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
Copolymer of Phenylene and Thiophene toward a Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide (2021)

<i>π</i>-Conjugated polymers including polythiophenes are emerging as promising electrode materials for (photo)electrochemical reactions, such as water reduction to H<sub>2</sub> production and oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) reduction to hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production. In the current work, a copolymer of phenylene and thiophene is designed, where the phenylene ring lowers the highest occupied molecular orbital level of the polymer of visible-light-harvesting thiophene entities and works as a robust catalytic site for the O<sub>2</sub> reduction to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production. The very high onset potential of the copolymer for O<sub>2</sub> reduction (+1.53 V vs RHE, pH 12) allows a H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production setup with a traditional water-oxidation catalyst, manganese oxide (MnO <i><sub>x</sub></i> ), as the anode. MnO <i><sub>x</sub></i> is deposited on one face of a conducting plate, and visible-light illumination of the copolymer layer formed on the other face aids steady O<sub>2</sub> reduction to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with no bias assistance and a complete photocatalytic conversion rate of 14 000 mg (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) g<sub>photocat</sub> <sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> or ≈0.2 mg (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) cm<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>.
Eccentric cardiac hypertrophy was induced by long‐term intermittent hypoxia in rats (2006)

It is unclear whether cardiac hypertrophy and hypertrophy-related pathways will be induced by long-term intermittent hypoxia. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: normoxia, and long-term intermittent hypoxia (12% O(2), 8 h per day) for 4 weeks (4WLTIH) or for 8 weeks (8WLTIH). Myocardial morphology, trophic factors and signalling pathways in the three groups were determined by heart weight index, histological analysis, Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction from the excised left ventricle. The ratio of whole heart weight to body weight, the ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight, the gross vertical cross-section of the heart and myocardial morphological changes were increased in the 4WLTIH group and were further augmented in the 8WLTIH group. In the 4WLTIH group, tumour necrosis factor-alpha(TNFalpha), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)-1 and STAT-3 were significantly increased in the cardiac tissues. However, in the 8WLTIH group, in addition to the above factors, interleukin-6, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)5 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)5 were significantly increased compared with the normoxia group. We conclude that cardiac hypertrophy associated with TNFalpha and IGF-II was induced by intermittent hypoxia. The longer duration of intermittent hypoxia further activated the eccentric hypertrophy-related pathway, as well as the interleukin 6-related MEK5-ERK5 and STAT-3 pathways, which could result in the development of cardiac dilatation and pathology.
Flexible DRX Optimization for LTE and 5G (2019)

With the advancement of the next generation of cellular systems, flexible mechanisms for Discontinuous Reception (DRX) are needed in order to save energy. 5G will bring heterogeneous packet sizes and traffic types, as well as an increasing need for energy efficiency. The current static DRX mechanism is inadequate to meet these needs. In this paper we exploit channel prediction to develop integer programming models. We aim to minimize the energy usage of user devices while streaming video, as well as to create extended sleep opportunities, while simultaneously preventing buffer underflows. We also develop an online algorithm to obtain an efficient solution robust to prediction errors. Our results show that using a variable DRX cycle length can reduce the energy usage by up to 60 percent and 40 percent, in the offline and online cases, respectively, compared with a static DRX configuration. Our proposed online algorithm can also reduce the number of buffer underflows by up to 97 percent compared to the offline case. Both our online and offline solutions can provide extended DRX opportunities, which is required in 5G scenarios.
Resistive Neural Hardware Accelerators (2023)

Deep neural networks (DNNs), as a subset of machine learning (ML) techniques, entail that real-world data can be learned, and decisions can be made in real time. However, their wide adoption is hindered by a number of software and hardware limitations. The existing general-purpose hardware platforms used to accelerate DNNs are facing new challenges associated with the growing amount of data and are exponentially increasing the complexity of computations. Emerging nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices and the compute-in-memory (CIM) paradigm are creating a new hardware architecture generation with increased computing and storage capabilities. In particular, the shift toward resistive random access memory (ReRAM)-based in-memory computing has great potential in the implementation of area- and power-efficient inference and in training large-scale neural network architectures. These can accelerate the process of IoT-enabled AI technologies entering our daily lives. In this survey, we review the state-of-the-art ReRAM-based DNN many-core accelerators, and their superiority compared to CMOS counterparts was shown. The review covers different aspects of hardware and software realization of DNN accelerators, their present limitations, and prospects. In particular, a comparison of the accelerators shows the need for the introduction of new performance metrics and benchmarking standards. In addition, the major concerns regarding the efficient design of accelerators include a lack of accuracy in simulation tools for software and hardware codesign.
Macular Microstructures and Prognostic Factors in Myopic Subretinal Hemorrhages (2013)

The intraretinal hyperreflective sign, presumed to be scarring that enters through the disrupted outer retina, is correlated closely with photoreceptor function.
Quantitative Analysis and Anti-inflammatory Activity Evaluation of the A-Type Avenanthramides in Commercial Sprouted Oat Products (2019)

Avenanthramides (AVAs) are unique phytochemicals in oat that contain two distinct groups of compounds. The first group is constituted by <i>N</i>-cinnamoylanthranilic acids with a single double bond (referred to as C type), and the other group is constituted by <i>N</i>-avenalumoylanthranilic acids with two double bonds (referred to as A type). C-type AVAs have been reported with their chemical profiles and levels in commercial oat products as well as their bioactivities. However, the accurate levels of A-type AVAs in commercial sprouted oat products and their bioactivity are still unknown. In this study, we purified seven A-type AVAs from sprouted oat bran and characterized their structures with corresponding mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance data. Among them, five compounds were isolated from oat bran for the first time. The purified A-type AVAs were used as authentic standards to establish the chemical profile of A-type AVAs in oat and to quantify the levels of all individual A-type AVAs in six commercial sprouted oat products using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The total A-type AVA contents in the various oat products ranged from 7.85 to 133.3 μg/g. Furthermore, the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by A- and C-type AVAs in macrophages were compared. The most abundant A-type AVAs (2p<sub>d</sub>, 2c<sub>d</sub>, and 2f<sub>d</sub>) have similar anti-inflammatory activity to the major C-type AVAs (2p, 2c, and 2f). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the bioactivity of A-type AVAs.
Reset noise reduction method in 3-T pixels (2023)

A reset noise reduction method using a feedback amplifier that results in an 80% noise reduction in 3-transistor (3-T) pixels is presented. 3-T pixels are useful for non-visible imaging applications because they have fewer post-processing issues than 4-T pixels and do not require charge transfer. They suffer from reset noise because correlated-double sampling cannot be realized without additional memory. Analysis of the experimental power spectral density indicates potential for further noise cancellation in future devices.
Component based modeling for cross-layer analysis of 802.11 MAC and OLSR routing protocols in ad-hoc networks (2009)

We present a complete scenario driven component based analytic model of 802.11 MAC and OLSR routing protocols in MANETs. We use this model to provide a systematic approach to study the network performance and cross-layer analysis and design of routing, scheduling, MAC and PHY layer protocols. The routing protocol is divided into multiple components. Componentization is a standard methodology for analysis and synthesis of complex systems. To provide a component based design methodology, we have to develop a component based model of the wireless network that considers cross-layer dependency of performance. The component based model enable us to study the effect of each component on the overall performance of the wireless network, and to design each component separately. For the MAC layer, we use a fixed point loss model of 802.11 protocol that considers effects of hidden nodes and finite retransmission attempts. We have also considered simple models for PHY and scheduling. The main focus of this paper is on integration of these models to obtain a complete model for wireless networks. In several scenario driven studies, with user-specified topologies and traffic demands, we study the performance metrics - throughput and delay. By analyzing the performances under varying network scenarios, we are able to identify a few sources of performance degradation. We also study the effect of certain design parameters on the network performance. Thus, demonstrating the ability of the model to quickly identify problem components and try alternative design parameters.
Signal-to-noise enhancement of neutral-ion correlation measurements for tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTSignal-to-noise enhancement of neutral-ion correlation measurements for tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometryF. H. Strobel and D. H. RussellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 22, 2879–2881Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00046a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00046a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cooperative Stitching: Spontaneous Wireless Connections for Small Co-Located Groups. (2016)

Forming spontaneous connections between wirelessly networked devices is an important problem for ubiquitous computing. We explore cooperative stitching, which allows small collocated groups to easily create one-to-one or oneto-many connections between devices by performing simple dragging gestures to or from the top of the screen (to initiate or accept a connection, respectively). A usability study finds that users prefer cooperative stitching to a technique that requires physically reaching to the other devices, or to selecting names of devices from long lists. Author
A latent variable approach to heat load prediction in thermal grids (2020)

In this paper a new method for heat load prediction in district energy systems is proposed. The method uses a nominal model for the prediction of the outdoor temperature dependent space heating load, and a data driven latent variable model to predict the time dependent residual heat load. The residual heat load arises mainly from time dependent operation of space heating and ventilation, and domestic hot water production. The resulting model is recursively updated on the basis of a hyper-parameter free implementation that results in a parsimonious model allowing for high computational performance. The approach is applied to a single multi-dwelling building in Luleå, Sweden, predicting the heat load using a relatively small number of model parameters and easily obtained measurements. The results are compared with predictions using an artificial neural network, showing that the proposed method achieves better prediction accuracy for the validation case. Additionally, the proposed methods exhibits explainable behavior through the use of an interpretable physical model.