gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Generic Object Re-identification System for Short Videos (2021)

Short video applications like TikTok and Kwai have been a great hit recently. In order to meet the increasing demands and take full advantage of visual information in short videos, objects in each short video need to be located and analyzed as an upstream task. A question is thus raised -- how to improve the accuracy and robustness of object detection, tracking, and re-identification across tons of short videos with hundreds of categories and complicated visual effects (VFX). To this end, a system composed of a detection module, a tracking module and a generic object re-identification module, is proposed in this paper, which captures features of major objects from short videos. In particular, towards the high efficiency demands in practical short video application, a Temporal Information Fusion Network (TIFN) is proposed in the object detection module, which shows comparable accuracy and improved time efficiency to the state-of-the-art video object detector. Furthermore, in order to mitigate the fragmented issue of tracklets in short videos, a Cross-Layer Pointwise Siamese Network (CPSN) is proposed in the tracking module to enhance the robustness of the appearance model. Moreover, in order to evaluate the proposed system, two challenge datasets containing real-world short videos are built for video object trajectory extraction and generic object re-identification respectively. Overall, extensive experiments for each module and the whole system demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our system.
Electronic and optical properties of highly boron-doped epitaxial Ge/AlAs(001) heterostructures (2020)

The impact of elemental boron (B) doping on the structural, optical, and magnetotransport properties of epitaxial Ge/AlAs/GaAs(001) heterostructures, grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy, was comprehensively investigated. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed atomically abrupt Ge:B/AlAs and AlAs/GaAs heterointerfaces and a lack of observable long-range defect formation or B segregation in the epitaxial Ge:B layer. Spectral broadening observed in the measured temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra suggested valence band mixing during recombination, implying a splitting of the valence band heavy- and light-hole degeneracy due to residual strain resulting from substitutional B incorporation in the Ge epilayer. Temperature-dependent magnetotransport analysis of the B-doped Ge thin films exhibited the tell-tale signature of antilocalization, indicating observable spin–orbit interaction in the Ge:B system. Moreover, the temperature- and magnetic field-dependent magnetotransport results indicate the presence of single-carrier, p-type conduction in the Ge:B film, further affirming the successful incorporation and activation of B at a high concentration (∼4 × 1019 cm−3) and elimination of parallel conduction via the large-bandgap AlAs buffer. Together, these results provide insights into the effects of heavy doping (via elemental solid-source doping) on Ge-based heterostructures and their feasibility in future electronic and photonic applications.
Direct Analysis in Real‐Time Ion Source (2010)

Abstract Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART TM ) refers to an atmospheric‐pressure “open‐air” ion source that is based on the interaction of long‐lived (“metastable”) excited‐state neutral atoms or molecules with analytes and atmospheric gases. The DART source is used for the rapid analysis of liquids, solids, vapors, or materials on surfaces in open air with little or no sample preparation.
IL-18 blockade is a potential disease-modifying therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (2001)

We discuss the presence of anti-keratin antibodies (AKA) of the IgG class in patients with defined juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). An indirect immunofluorescence test and rat oesophagus substrate was used for the detection and quantification of AKA antibodies in patients sera. Overall 33/60 patients with JIA had sera positive for AKA (55 %, P = 0,0001) ranging from 1:10 to 1:160 dilutions. Following idiopathic arthritis of childhood classification criteria AKA occurred in 2/7 patients with systemic disease (28,6 %), in 13/30 patients with RF negative polyarthritis (43,3 %, P = 0,008) and in 15/18 RF positive polyarthritis (83,3 %, P = 0,000002). AKA were also found in a small cohort of patients with oligoarthritis (1/3) and psoriatic arthritis (2/2). AKA positivity occurred in 3/26 healthy controls at a 1:20 dilution. The presence of AKA was correlated as well as with the severity of the disease. Our study revealed that AKA was present overall in 18/29 patients (62%) with severe JIA and in 12/26 patients (46,2 %) with non-severe disease, however this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0,18). We also observed that AKA remained positive regardless of disease activity. AKA were detectable in 55,6 % patients with active JIA and in 48,6 % patients in the complete or near remission.
Stability of Bilayer Films of YBa2Cu3O7 and Y-ZrO2 Grown on LaAlO3 by Pulsed Organometallic Beam Epitaxy (1998)

The first successful deposition of a bilayer of YBCO and YSZ is reported. Application of high-Tc superconducting materials to wires or coated conductors requires an inert, oriented crystalline buffer layer to provide lattice strain relief and chemical stability. Pulsed organometallic beam epitaxy (POMBE) has been used to deposit highly crystalline YBCO on YSZ, as can be seen from the electron diffraction pattern of YBCO/YSZ.
MS MARCO: Benchmarking Ranking Models in the Large-Data Regime (2021)

Evaluation efforts such as TREC, CLEF, NTCIR and FIRE, alongside public leaderboard such as MS MARCO, are intended to encourage research and track our progress, addressing big questions in our field. However, the goal is not simply to identify which run is "best", achieving the top score. The goal is to move the field forward by developing new robust techniques, that work in many different settings, and are adopted in research and practice. This paper uses the MS MARCO and TREC Deep Learning Track as our case study, comparing it to the case of TREC ad hoc ranking in the 1990s. We show how the design of the evaluation effort can encourage or discourage certain outcomes, and raising questions about internal and external validity of results. We provide some analysis of certain pitfalls, and a statement of best practices for avoiding such pitfalls. We summarize the progress of the effort so far, and describe our desired end state of "robust usefulness", along with steps that might be required to get us there.
IRMMW-THz 2011 - The 36<sup>th</sup> International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (2011)

The Major Topic List of the 2011 conference featured a category entitled “IR, millimeter-wave, and THz spectroscopy,” another entitled “Gyro-Oscillators and Amplifiers, Plasma Diagnostics,” and a third called “Free Electron Lasers and Synchrotron Radiation.” Topical areas of interest to meeting participants include millimeter-wave electronics, high-power sources, high-frequency communications systems, and terahertz sensing and imaging, all of which are prominent in the research portfolios of the DOE. The development and study of new materials, components, and systems for use in the IR, THz, and MMW regions of the spectrum are of significant interest as well. a series of technical sessions were organized on the following topics: terahertz metamaterials and plasmonics; imaging techniques and applications; graphene spectroscopy; waveguide concepts; gyrotron science and technology; ultrafast terahertz measurements; and quantum cascade lasers.
Management Strategies for Carcinomatous Peritonitis: Outcomes From a Tertiary-Care Medical Center (2015)

Introduction: Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is the most frequently noted terminal feature of abdominal malignancies. Several management strategies have been developed for this condition. The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of these strategies in prolonging meaningful median out of hospital survival. Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study we reviewed the medical records of all adult patients who received inpatient treatment for PC at Mayo Clinic-Rochester between January 1st 2000 to December, 2013. Patients with histologically confirmed intra-abdominal malignancy or cytological or radiologically confirmed malignant ascites constituted the sample population in this study. Patients were grouped in three groups; those who underwent surgery and stenting (A), stenting alone (B) and those who underwent surgery alone (C). We compared the median survival time and duration of hospitalization for these patients. Success of stenting was defined as absence of re-stenting and/or subsequent surgery. Results: Our study included 82 patients [Group A (23), group B (27), group C (32)] with 34% males and median age of 63 years (IQR 52-73). A total of 50 patients underwent stenting of which 46% of the stents were primary. Success rate of stenting was 88% with 19% patients requiring re-stenting. The duration of hospitalization was least in group B [Mean 4.6 days (2.4-6.8)]. There was a statistically significant difference in duration of hospitalization between groups B and C [Mean Difference 12 (CI 4.7-19.6); p = 0.001] and also between groups A and B [Mean Difference 9 (CI 1.5-16.5); p = 0.014]. There was no significant difference in duration of hospitalization between group A and C. Median survival time was greatest for group A [115.6 ± 21.7 weeks]. However, there was no significant difference between the median survival times for the three groups (p = 0.11). Conclusion: This retrospective study demonstrates that in patients with PC, stenting is associated with a high success rate while offering survival benefits similar to surgery. It also reduces the duration of hospitalization in comparison to surgically managed patients.
Unsupervised Out-of-Distribution Detection by Maximum Classifier Discrepancy (2019)

Since deep learning models have been implemented in many commercial applications, it is important to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs correctly to maintain the performance of the models, ensure the quality of the collected data, and prevent the applications from being used for other-than-intended purposes. In this work, we propose a two-head deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and maximize the discrepancy between the two classifiers to detect OOD inputs. We train a two-head CNN consisting of one common feature extractor and two classifiers which have different decision boundaries but can classify in-distribution (ID) samples correctly. Unlike previous methods, we also utilize unlabeled data for unsupervised training and we use these unlabeled data to maximize the discrepancy between the decision boundaries of two classifiers to push OOD samples outside the manifold of the in-distribution (ID) samples, which enables us to detect OOD samples that are far from the support of the ID samples. Overall, our approach significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods on several OOD detection benchmarks and two cases of real-world simulation.
Frequency reconfigurable antenna loaded with magneto dielectric materials at VHF band (2020)

This article describes a frequency agility technique of an electrically small Inverted-F Antenna loaded with tunable magneto-dielectric materials. A specific material developed for VHF applications is used to load the antenna and leads to a miniaturization factor of 20 % and a potential of frequency agility of 6 % in VHF band close to 70 MHz.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 2-Methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate Derivatives via Pd-Catalyzed Heterocyclization (2022)

Indole moiety is well-known as a superlative framework in many natural products and synthetic pharmaceuticals. Herein, we report an efficient procedure to synthesize a series of functionalized 2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate derivatives from commercially available anilines properly functionalized by different electron-withdrawing and -donating groups through a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative coupling. The conversion of a variety of enamines into the relevant indole was optimized by exposing the neat mixture of reactants to microwave irradiation, obtaining the desired products in excellent yields and high regioselectivity. The synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C spectroscopic means as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
ZNF251 haploinsufficiency confers PARP inhibitors resistance in BRCA1 -mutated cancer cells through activation of homologous recombination (2022)

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) represent a promising new class of agents that have demonstrated efficacy in treating various cancers, particularly those with BRCA1/2 mutations. Cancer-associated BRCA1/2 mutations disrupt DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR). PARP inhibitors (PARPis) have been used to trigger synthetic lethality in BRCA1/2 -mutated cancer cells by promoting the accumulation of toxic DSBs. Unfortunately, resistance to PARPis is common and can occur through multiple mechanisms, including the restoration of HR and/or stabilization of replication forks. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying PARPis resistance, we conducted an unbiased CRISPR-pooled genome-wide library screen to identify new genes whose deficiency confers resistance to the PARPi olaparib. Our research revealed that haploinsufficiency of the ZNF251 gene, which encodes zinc finger protein 251, is associated with resistance to PARPis in various breast and ovarian cancer cell lines carrying BRCA1 mutations. Mechanistically, we discovered that ZNF251 haploinsufficiency leads to stimulation of RAD51-mediated HR repair of DSBs in olaparib-treated BRCA1 -mutated cancer cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that a RAD51 inhibitor reversed PARPi resistance in ZNF251 haploinsufficient cancer cells harboring BRCA1 mutations. Our findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying PARPis resistance by highlighting the role of RAD51 in this phenomenon.
Analysis on Calculated Reactivity Error Caused by Inaccuracy of Sampling Intervals. (2000)

Recently personal computers are widely used in various instrumentation systems. However some operating system does not have enough accuracy for controlling timer. When there are deviations between the absolute time of the natural phenomena and the time controlled by the operating system, error might be introduced. In a digital reactivity meter, inverse kinetic equations are solved for reactivity. When the sampling interval deviates from the intended interval, the calculated reactivity includes some errors. From this point of view we evaluated errors introduced in the reactivity calculation by a digital reactivity meter. It is found that the error characteristics are different with the added reactivity shape such as constant, sinusoidal, saw tooth shape or ramp. In this paper the results of quantitative error evaluations and some counter measures are discussed.
1862-P: Insulin-Independent Glucose Utilization during Exercise Is Impaired in Type 1 Diabetes: A New Model Based Analysis (2019)

We have previously shown that low insulin coupled with euglycemia or mild hyperglycemia appear to be the most favorable milieu for type 1 diabetes (T1D) during exercise. However, the contributions of insulin-dependent (IDGU) and insulin independent (IIGU) effects of exercise on glucose utilization are unknown. To do so, we studied 6 T1D (age 29±3 years, BMI 28.3±2.0 kg/m2, VO2 max 28.7±2.9 ml/kg/min, mean±SE) and 6 ND (age=28.2±4.2 year, BMI=23.6 ±1.0 kg/m2, VO2 max 36.6±2.9 ml/kg/min) subjects with a glucose clamp, during, before and after a 60 min exercise session at 65% VO2max, on three visits: euglycemia-low insulin (V1); euglycemia-high insulin (V2) and hyperglycemia-low insulin (V3) in random order. Glucose turnover was measured with the isotope dilution technique using [6,6-2H2]glucose. We modified the minimal model to measure the IDGU and IIGU components of glucose utilization (Figure 1, upper panel). Results demonstrate that while IDGU was similar in both groups (data not shown), IIGU (expressed as percent change from baseline) during exercise was significantly lower in T1D than ND subjects, though the trend across the visits were similar (Figure 1, lower panel). Further studies are necessary to determine the cause for this abnormality in T1D to optimize glucose control. Disclosure D. Romeres: None. M. Schiavon: None. A. Basu: Research Support; Spouse/Partner; AstraZeneca. C. Cobelli: None. R. Basu: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. C. Dalla Man: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01090541)
New frequency-domain electric birefringence spectrometer using an advanced digital lock-in technique (1991)

We have developed a frequency-domain electric birefringence spectrometer to measure stationary birefringence Δndc and alternating one Δn2ω induced by an applied sinusoidal electric field with an angular frequency ω. The new spectrometer is based on (1) the optimization of birefringence detection S/N ratio by taking into account the effects of optical noise, shot noise, optical leakage, and parasitic birefringence, (2) the electric field modulation technique, and (3) the advanced digital lock-in technique for further S/N enhancement. The electric field amplitude modulation at an angular frequency Ω shifts Δndc and Δn2ω signals to locate Ω and 2ω±Ω, which are demodulated with sinusoidal reference waves at Ω and 2ω and retrieved by digital data accumulation, i.e., the advanced digital lock-in technique. These techniques ensure the signal detection with extremely narrow bandwidth by removing the adverse effects of odd harmonic noises, drift, and 1/f noise in the measurement system. The detection sensitivity of 10−9 rad in a wide range of ω is accessible.
Secure public instant messaging (2005)

lnternet, preter, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou autres formats.
Spatial Alignment of Organoids Tracking Subclonal Chemotherapy Resistance in Pancreatic and Ampullary Cancer (2023)

Pancreatic and ampullary cancers remain highly morbid diseases for which accurate clinical predictions are needed for precise therapeutic predictions. Patient-derived cancer organoids have been widely adopted; however, prior work has focused on well-level therapeutic sensitivity. To characterize individual oligoclonal units of therapeutic response, we introduce a low-volume screening assay, including an automated alignment algorithm. The oligoclonal growth response was compared against validated markers of response, including well-level viability and markers of single-cell viability. Line-specific sensitivities were compared with clinical outcomes. Automated alignment algorithms were generated to match organoids across time using coordinates across a single projection of Z-stacked images. After screening for baseline size (50 μm) and circularity (>0.4), the match efficiency was found to be optimized by accepting the diffusion thresholded with the root mean standard deviation of 75 μm. Validated well-level viability showed a limited correlation with the mean organoid size (R = 0.408), and a normalized growth assayed by normalized changes in area (R = 0.474) and area (R = 0.486). Subclonal populations were defined by both residual growth and the failure to induce apoptosis and necrosis. For a culture with clinical resistance to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, while a therapeutic challenge induced a robust effect in inhibiting cell growth (GΔ = 1.53), residual oligoclonal populations were able to limit the effect on the ability to induce apoptosis (GΔ = 0.52) and cell necrosis (GΔ = 1.07). Bioengineered approaches are feasible to capture oligoclonal heterogeneity in organotypic cultures, integrating ongoing efforts for utilizing organoids across cancer types as integral biomarkers and in novel therapeutic development.
Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Is Sensitive to CDC42-PAK7 Kinase Inhibition (2022)

Prostate cancer is a common form of cancer in men, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is often used as a first-line treatment. However, some patients develop resistance to ADT, and their disease is called castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Identifying potential therapeutic targets for this aggressive subtype of prostate cancer is crucial. In this study, we show that statins can selectively inhibit the growth of these CRPC tumors that have lost their androgen receptor (AR) and have overexpressed the RNA-binding protein QKI. We found that the repression of microRNA-200 by QKI overexpression promotes the rise of AR-low mesenchymal-like CRPC cells. Using in silico drug/gene perturbation combined screening, we discovered that QKI-overexpressing cancer cells are selectively vulnerable to CDC42-PAK7 inhibition by statins. We also confirmed that PAK7 overexpression is present in prostate cancer that coexists with hyperlipidemia. Our results demonstrate a previously unseen mechanism of action for statins in these QKI-expressing AR-lost CRPCs. This may explain the clinical benefits of the drug and support the development of a biology-driven drug-repurposing clinical trial. This is an important finding that could help improve treatment options for patients with this aggressive form of prostate cancer.
Capacitor Applications of c-Axis-Oriented Bismuth Layer Structured Ferroelectric Thin Films (2008)

C-axis-oriented epitaxial and preferred-oriented Bi4Ti3O12(BIT) films were deposited on (100)SrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 and (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Preferred-oriented films were deposited at 500°C by the sequential introduction of Bi and Ti sources followed by the crystal structure of BIT along c-axis, while the epitaxial films were deposited at 640°C. For the epitaxial films, the relative dielectric constant was almost constant with decreasing the film thickness down to 18 nm and the increase of the electric field of 100 kV/cm. The data of single-axis-oriented film was almost equal to those of epitaxial one. This suggests that not only the epitaxial films but also the single-axis-oriented ones are useful candidates for capacitor applications.
Traditional and Novel Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy and Research Challenges (2013)

Diabetic retinopathy affects one-third of people with diabetes and is the most frequent cause of blindness in working aged adults. Although diabetic retinopathy blindness appears to have fallen in the developed world, the rapidly increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide has resulted in a continuous increase in the global burden of this disease. The major risk factors for diabetic retinopathy include duration of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, but this is accountable for only a small amount of the variation in the risk of diabetic retinopathy. Research into new markers for retinopathy including genetics, blood biomarkers and retinal imaging will further improve our understanding of the risk factors and pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.