gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dependence of Leidenfrost droplets behavior on the substrate surface state (2022)

In modern society where the words such as SDGs and carbon neutralization have become keywords, it is essential to study how to successfully reuse the unused heat energy, such as the factory heat removal, in the circular society. Therefore, we focused on studying the Leidenfrost phenomenon of liquid in order to convert the unused heat into energy that can be used again. When a liquid approaches the object whose temperature is much higher than the liquid's boiling point, the liquid droplets produce an insulating vapor layer that makes the droplets hover over the hot object. It is called Leidenfrost phenomenon. This non-contact state between the droplet and hot object hinders the heat transfer and increases the evaporation time dramatically. In general, temperature and object surface state will affect the evaporation time of the liquid in Leidenfrost state. In this research, we studied the relationship between the evaporation time and the releasability of object surface. The experimental results shown that the evaporation time was extended by subjecting the substrate to a releasable and non-adhesive treatment. Moreover, it is also necessary to investigate the effect of the change in the releasability of the substrate surface on the characteristic of droplets in the Leidenfrost state, which self-moves on a substrate having a serrated structure.
Organ Distribution of Radioactivity and Disappearance of Radioactivity from Plasma After Administration of [<sup>3</sup>&Eta;] Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone to Mice and Rats (1974)

Whole-body autoradiography of amouse 5 min after an intrajugular injection of 43 nmoles of l-(4-[3H]pyro-Glu)-LH-RH (18.3 Ci/mmole) shows a large accumulation of radio-activity in the pituitary, subcutaneous tissue, intestinal wall, kidney, and bladder. Some radioactivity is also found in the liver, lungs, and heart, but no labeling is seen in the central nervous system. Direct measurements of radioactivity in different organs of the rat 5 min after injection of [3H] LH-RH also show that the highest accumulation of radioactivity is in the anterior pituitary gland, kidney, epididymal fat, and skin. Low labeling is measured in the posterior (including intermediate) lobe of the pituitary, pineal, liver, submaxillary gland, testis, adrenal, thyroid, and striated muscle. The pattern of plasma radioactivity after a single intravenous injection of [3H] LH-RH can be represented by the sum of four exponents, suggesting a four-compartment model of the disappearance of radioactivity from plasma. The metabolic clearance rate is 1.2 ml/min. The half-life of the first exponent (up to 10 min after injection) is about 7.5 min. 30 sec after injection of [3H] LH-RH, the radioactivity is distributed in a total volume of 26.5 ml (approximately 11% of body weight).
The development, validity and reliability of the hospital in the home dependency scale (HDS) (2001)

The aim of this study was to develop and investigate the validity and reliability of the Hospital-in-the-Home (HITH) Dependency Scale (HDS). The HDS is a new instrument designed to measure the dependency of HITH patients. It calculates an overall dependency level by rating four dimensions of the provision of HITH nursing care. Specifically, these dimensions are the complexity of assessment, complexity of treatment, time taken to provide the treatment, and the frequency of treatment. The results of testing the HDS suggest that it is valid in measuring adult medical and surgical HITH patient dependency. The scale demonstrated strong stability over time in test retest procedures over a one month period (r = 0.80, p <0.01) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.72). We conclude that the HDS is a valid, reliable instrument that is quick and easy to use in the HITH setting.
A Self Sustaining Solar- Bio- Nano Based Wastewater Treatment System for Forward Operating Bases (2017)

Abstract : The goal of this project was to integrate solar, biological, and nano technologies into wastewater treatment concept to create a novel small-scale wastewater treatment system that can significantly reduce mass of the wastewater, and simultaneously generate potable water for FOBs. Combining solar energy collection and biological methane generation provides sufficient and stable energy for small size wastewater treatment operations (fixed film anaerobic digestion, water reclamation, and nano-filtration of water purification), and overcomes the disadvantages of individual technologies such as unsteady energy flow for solar power generation, low efficiency of conventional anaerobic digestion, and higher energy requirement of water purification.
Price/utility-based optimized resource allocation in wireless ad hoc networks (2005)

Abstract — This paper proposes a scheme for bandwidth allocation in wireless ad hoc networks. The Quality of Service (QoS) levels for each end-to-end flow are expressed using resource-utility functions, and our algorithms aim to maximise the aggregated utility of the flows. The scheme differentiates between applications with flexible resource requirements and rigid (real-time) requirements. As an abstract notion of resource, we use maximal cliques of mutual interfering links. Using concave piece-wise linear utility functions we present a linear programming (LP) formulation of the problem that can serve as an optimal though unrealistic solution. Then we replace this centralised approach with a distributed low complexity solution. A key concept, borrowed from the dual of the optimal allocation problem, is the shadow price of a resource. The contributions of the paper are twofold: (1) a distributed algorithm that allocates the bandwidth based on bids that are calculated using the shadow price of the resources and the flow’s utility function, (2) a utility-aware on-demand ”shortest ” path routing algorithm in which the shadow prices are used a natural distance metric. We compare the performance of the distributed allocation scheme with the centralised, optimal linear programming solution. We also compare with a non-utility-based QoS allocation scheme, that uses hop-based shortest path routing followed by highest possible bandwidth accommodation of the flow. I.
Evaluating Interaction of Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells with Functionally Integrated Three-Dimensional Microenvironments (2018)

Despite advances in ex vivo expansion of cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (CB-HSPC), challenges still remain regarding the ability to obtain, from a single unit, sufficient numbers of cells to treat an adolescent or adult patient. We and others have shown that CB-HSPC can be expanded ex vivo in two-dimensional (2D) cultures, but the absolute percentage of the more primitive stem cells decreases with time. During development, the fetal liver is the main site of HSPC expansion. Therefore, here we investigated, in vitro, the outcome of interactions of primitive HSPC with surrogate fetal liver environments. We compared bioengineered liver constructs made from a natural three-dimensional-liver-extracellular-matrix (3D-ECM) seeded with hepatoblasts, fetal liver-derived (LvSt), or bone marrow-derived stromal cells, to their respective 2D culture counterparts. We showed that the inclusion of cellular components within the 3D-ECM scaffolds was necessary for maintenance of HSPC viability in culture, and that irrespective of the microenvironment used, the 3D-ECM structures led to the maintenance of a more primitive subpopulation of HSPC, as determined by flow cytometry and colony forming assays. In addition, we showed that the timing and extent of expansion depends upon the biological component used, with LvSt providing the optimal balance between preservation of primitive CB HSPC and cellular differentiation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:271-282.
Impact Factors on Low Temperature Cu-Cu Wafer Bonding (2014)

Physical mechanism of Cu-Cu wafer bonding was studied as a base for low temperature (&lt;200°C) wafer bonding process optimization. It was found out that for the successful bonding of two copper surfaces the following (classes of) impact factors have to be considered (I) contacting, even at atomic scale, (II) cleanliness of the surface, (III) diffusion enhancing materials properties and (IV) process conditions. From these fundamental findings subsequently low temperature metal thermo-compression Cu-Cu wafer bonding and even room temperature direct bonding was facilitated.
Nitrogen Metabolism of Lactating Ewes Fed Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine (1991)

Twenty multiparous, crossbred, black-faced ewes and their newborn twin lambs were assigned to one of four dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment to examine the effects of increased supply of CP or a mixture of encapsulated methionine and lysine or both on the performance of ewes and their nursing twin lambs. Ewes were fed ad libitum amounts of either a 10.2% low CP diet or a 16.2% moderate CP diet with or without additional encapsulated amino acids. Nitrogen metabolism trials were conducted simultaneously on both ewes and lambs at wk 2, 4, and 8 of lactation. Analyses were conducted for blood urea N, plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, NEFA, insulin, and amino acids (plasma, feed, and milk). Ewe DMI, BW, BW gain, and milk yield were not changed by dietary treatments. Balance of N and N digested were increased by moderate CP treatment. The portion of retained N used for milk synthesis was increased by low CP treatment. Methionine and total branched-chain amino acids were increased by encapsulated amino acids and by protein treatment. Gains in BW and N balance were increased in lambs nursing ewes fed protected amino acids. Increased growth of nursing lambs would be an important beneficial effect of supplementing diets of ewes with encapsulated methionine and lysine.
Small signal modeling of a compound Half-bridge DC/DC converter for renewable energy applications (2010)

This paper presents the control and modeling for a novel compound converter. This topology has the advantage of low cost, low switch count, high power density and high efficiency, so it is a valuable choice for combining hybrid renewable energy sources. The compound converter can interface multiple input sources, one bi-directional battery port and an isolated output port. Up to N-1 ports of the N port converter can be simultaneously regulated. However, the various control loops have interactions with each other due to the integrated power train issue. Therefore, implementing the closed loop control requires careful analysis of their dynamic behaviors. Moreover, proper decoupling method is required to obtain the control object with respect to each power port. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of the converter is characterized and studied. The small signal model is derived based on state space equations, and experimental results verify the converter control structure.
Charge-Transfer Induced Magnetic Field Effects of Nano-Carbon Heterojunctions (2014)

Room temperature magnetic field effects have not been definitively observed in either single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or C₆₀ under a small magnetic field due to their weak hyperfine interaction and slight difference of g-factor between positive and negative polarons. Here, we demonstrate charge-transfer induced magnetic field effects in nano-carbon C₆₀-SWCNT bulk heterojunctions at room temperature, where the mechanism of magnetic field effects is verified using excited state transition modeling. By controlling SWCNT concentrations and interfacial interactions, nano-carbon heterojunctions exhibit tunability of charge-transfer density and room temperature magnetoconductance of 2.8% under 100 mT external magnetic field. External stimuli, such as electric field and photoexcitation, also play an important role in controlling the magnetic field effects of nano-carbon heterojunctions, which suggests that these findings could enable the control of optoelectronic properties of nano-carbon heterojunctions.
Handbook of microwave component measurements with advanced VNA techniques (2012)

This book provides state-of-the-art coverage for making measurements on RF and Microwave Components, both active and passive. A perfect reference for R&amp;D and Test Engineers, with topics ranging from the best practices for basic measurements, to an in-depth analysis of errors, correction methods, and uncertainty analysis, this book provides everything you need to understand microwave measurements. With primary focus on active and passive measurements using a Vector Network Analyzer, these techniques and analysis are equally applicable to measurements made with Spectrum Analyzers or Noise Figure
Cover Picture: Fluorogenic Peptide‐Based Substrates for Monitoring Thrombin Activity (ChemMedChem 4/2012) (2012)

The cover picture shows thrombin-specific substrates bound in the active site of thrombin. In the background, the intact fluorogenic conjugate (shown in yellow) of thrombin-specific tripeptide H-Gly-Gly-Arg and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) bound to thrombin is displayed. Prior to thrombin-mediate hydrolysis, this substrate displays only weak fluorescence. Upon cleavage of the ArgAMC bond, strongly fluorescent AMC (shown in bright blue) is liberated. Quantification of the increase in fluorescence over time provides a direct measure for the amount of thrombin present in plasma. Moreover, from these data, the specific thrombin activity can be calculated, which is a direct measure of the coagulability of a clotting sample. These substrates have potential application in microfluidic devices for point-of-care tests, allowing the rapid diagnosis of blood or plasma samples. For more details, see the Full Paper by Floris P. J. T. Rutjes et al. on p. 606 ff.
Bias Voltage Dependence of Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with MgO andAl2O3Tunnel Barriers (2007)

Tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) is observed in tunnel junctions with transition metal electrodes as the moments are rotated from in-plane to out-of-plane in sufficiently large magnetic fields that the moments are nearly parallel to one another. A complex angular dependence of the tunneling resistance is found with twofold and fourfold components that vary strongly with bias voltage. Distinctly different TAMR behaviors are obtained for devices formed with highly textured crystalline MgO(001) and amorphous Al2O3 tunnel barriers. A tight-binding model shows that a fourfold angular dependence can be explained by the presence of an interface resonant state that affects the transmission of the contributing tunneling states through a spin-orbit interaction.
Design and Prototype of Variable Gravity Compensation Mechanism (VGCM) (2011)

A machine moving vertically requires strong gravitational resistance. Gravity compensation mechanisms devised to reduce actuator force mostly compensate for constant weight, but practical use requires that the mechanism compensate for weight variations. This paper presents a Variable Gravity Compensation Mechanism (VGCM) that uses two types of linear springs and changes the equilibrium position of one. The mechanism principle is described and the prototype is designed. Performance is experimentally confirmed.
Low-loss high-thermal-stability polymer interconnects for low-cost high-performance massively parallel processing (2002)

A versatile polymeric waveguide technology is proposed for massively parallel optical interconnections. We developed a variety a low-loss high-thermal-stability polymeric materials and used them in the fabrication of complex point-to-point optical interconnections with controlled numerical aperture (NA) and geometry. Conventional mask photolithography as well as maskless adaptive laser-based techniques were used to produce at low cost various integrated optical devices and circuits on diverse rigid and flexible substrates. Practical applications include high-speed high-density massively-parallel on-chip, chip-to-chip, on-board, board-to-board and backplane interconnections.
Simultaneous Production of Amino Acid Dehydrogenases and Glucose Dehydrogenase byBacillus Megateriumand Their Utilization for L-Valine Synthesis with Nadh Regeneration (1989)

An improved method for the simultaneous production of valine dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase by Bacillus megaterium (ATCC 39118) is described. The highest yields in volumetric activities (8200 U.S-1' of glucose dehydrogenase and 7200 U.S1 of valine dehydrogenase) were obtained using a fed batch cultivation technique with glucose, yeast extract and corn steep liquor in the feed medium. The main characteristics (stability, optimal pH, Michaelis constants, substrate and product inhibitions) of valine dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase from crude extracts were determined. B. megaterium crude extract was suitable for synthesis of L-valine from $aL-keto isovalerate with glucose dehydrogenase as the NADH-regenerating enzyme and the conditions of the conversion have been optimized. $aL-Keto acid was supplied in fed batch mode in order to avoid substrate inhibition and was not involved in side reactions. With the optimized system, a concentration of 95 mM L-valine was obtained in 45 hours with a molar conversion yield close to 100%.
Decoupling-Based Self-Interference Cancellation in MIMO Full-Duplex Wireless Transceivers (2018)

In this paper, the applicability of the lossless network as a self- interference cancellation technique is verified. By means of an experimental method - a 2×2 multiple-input-multiple-output antenna setup of two adjacent magnetoelectric dipole units - the self-interference cancellation performance is analyzed. By employing the proposed technique, the empirical assessment has shown that the individual terms of self-interference can be suppressed by more than 90 dB. The lossless network technique relies on reactive components - capacitors and inductors - as construction blocks. The calculation of these components - for a full-constellation network of generalized-Pi topology - is presented. The impact of the reactive component's tolerances on the the self-interference cancellation performance is studied as well.
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) Inhibition Yields Promising Future Implications (2015)

Human embryonic stems cells (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), collectively termed human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC), differentiate into any cell type. The creation of hPSC free from potentially tumorigenic pluripotent stems is advantageous for research strategies and necessary for future hPSC‐based clinical therapies. The STF‐31 molecule inhibits an important metabolic enzyme, NAMPT, providing selective toxicity of hPSC in diverse cell culture conditions. This strategy effectively eliminates potentially tumorigenic cells but spares differentiated progeny. The MUHS SMART (Students Modeling A Research Topic) Team has designed a model of NAMPT bound with STF‐31 using 3D printing technology. What makes STF‐31 unique as a NAMPT inhibitor is its ability to occupy the protein's active site and act as a substrate for the enzyme. The pyridine ring of STF‐31 is situated between the F193 and Y188 sidechains of NAMPT. The central phenyl ring of STF‐31 occupies the tunnel region of NAMPT. Other binding sites between STF‐31 and NAMPT include H191, R196, S241, V242, A244, S275, I309, and R311. NAMPT inhibition research will lead towards the development of clinically safe hPSC progeny for human stem cell based therapies, drug development, and toxicity testing. This is supported by a grant from NIH‐CTSA.
Modeling of SJ-MOSFET for High-Voltage Applications with Inclusion of Carrier Dynamics during Switching (2021)

Demands for higher-voltage MOSFET application are increasing, for which a Super-Junction MOSFET, sustaining the voltages in the range of 500V, has been developed based on the trench-type structure. Due to the huge bias applied, a new leakage-current type is induced during switching, which causes a switching-power-loss increase. Creating a compact model for circuit design, which includes this additional leakage current, is the purpose of the present development. The model describes the depletion-width variation, caused during the switching-on of the device, with the use of the internal node potential, determined accurately by iteration. It is verified, that the new compact model can accurately predict the device performances for different device structures. This capability can be used for device optimization to realize low-power circuitry.
High temperature rectifiers and MOS devices in 6H-silicon carbide (1992)

Abstract : A major emphasis in the aerospace industry has been to increase the performance and efficiency of aircraft engines (including helicopters). Most of the improvements require the engine to run hotter, be more compact and more precisely controlled. All of these requirements increase the temperature of an increasing number of electronic components on the engine. This contract involved the development of two types of solid state devices for use in various engine applications using silicon carbide which is the premiere semiconductor material for high temperature (and other) applications. One device is a high voltage, low current rectifier which can operate to at least 350 deg C for use in an igniter circuit. The developments required involved decreasing the doping level of the background layer in epitaxial growth, improving the passivation and packaging to withstand the high voltage and high temperature. The other is a 350 deg C small signal MOSFET which can be used as an amplifier for a variety of sensors. For this portion of the research, the major focus was on characterization of the thermal oxide and the oxide interface through fabrication and characterization of MOS capacitors and various MOSFET designs.
Maximizing TTI RTM Throughput for CPU+GPU (2013)

There is a continuous interest for increased computational performance in seismic modelling and migration based on discretization of the 2-way wave equation. In many complex exploration settings the acoustic tilted transverse isotropic (TTI) approximation is preferred. Traditionally the CPU hardware architecture has been used, but during the recent years the GPU technology has been gaining popularity because of its significantly higher theoretical peak performance. However, not all problems are equally suited to take advantage of this potential and the low-level programming model is more demanding. In this work a comparison between a CPU only and a hybrid CPU and GPU implementation is presented. The starting point is a code well optimized for CPU systems by using long operators, coarse grids and cache optimization. The performance optimizations required to get good GPU performance are described. The success measure in the CPU+GPU port is migration throughput, not speedup of individual kernels. A comparison on a system with Intel Westmere CPU and nVidia Fermi GPU shows a performance improvement of 4.4x.
Table S1 from LKB1 and KEAP1/NRF2 Pathways Cooperatively Promote Metabolic Reprogramming with Enhanced Glutamine Dependence in <i>KRAS</i>-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Abbreviations used in the manuscript.&lt;/p&gt;