gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a sodium/calcium exchanger and voltage‐dependent calcium channels in adipocytes (1989)

The objective of these studies is to identify and characterize Ca2+-transport systems that may be of potential importance in the action of Ca2+-mobilizing hormones in the adipocyte. Using the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein, aequorin, [Ca2+]i was estimated to be 0.15 microM, assuming an intracellular [Mg2+] of 1 mM. Substitution of Na+ with choline+ caused a transient increase in [Ca2+]i which was inversely related to extracellular [Na+], consistent with operation of a mediated Na+-Ca2+ exchange system. The stoichiometry was 3Na+:Ca2+. Elevation of extracellular K+ caused an increase in [Ca2+]i that was blocked by the Ca2+ channel antagonist, diltiazem, by omitting extracellular Ca2+, or by substituting Sr2+ for Ca2+. These findings indicate the presence of an Na+-Ca2+ exchanger and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels in adipocytes.
All-optical intrinsic atomic gradiometer with sub-20 fT/cm/√Hz sensitivity in a 22 µT earth-scale magnetic field (2020)

In this work we demonstrate a high sensitivity atomic gradiometer capable of operation in earth-field level environments. We apply a light-pulse sequence at four times the Larmor frequency to achieve gradiometer sensitivity <20 fT/cm/H<i>z</i> at the finite field strength of 22 µT. The experimental timing sequence can be tuned to the field magnitude of interest. Our all-optical scalar gradiometer performs a differential measurement between two regions of a single vapor cell on a 4 cm baseline. Our results pave the way for extensions to operation in higher dimensions, vector sensitivity, and more advanced gradiometers.
Pathophysiological Consequences of a Break in S1P1-Dependent Homeostasis of Vascular Permeability Revealed by S1P1 Competitive Antagonism (2016)

Overall, these observations suggest that, in the rat, the lung is the main target organ for the S1P1 competitive antagonism-induced acute vascular leakage, which appears first as transient and asymptomatic but could lead, upon chronic dosing, to lung remodeling with functional impairments. Hence, this not only raises the question of organ specificity in the homeostasis of vascular barriers, but also provides insight into the pre-clinical evaluation of a potential safety window for S1P1 competitive antagonists as drug candidates.
A novel channel estimation method using pilot channels for frequency-interleaved MC-CDMA systems (2005)

In this letter, we propose a novel channel estimation method using two consecutive subcarriers (CE-TCS) that is based on pilot channel-based channel estimation (PCCE). The proposed CE-TCS alters the system structure in order to maintain orthogonality between data and pilot channels over two consecutive subcarriers. Contrary to conventional PCCE, this new CE-TCS can obtain both accurate channel state information and diversity gain in multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system with chip interleaving (CI). Simulation results verify that the proposed method outperforms pilot tone-aided channel estimation (PTCE).
Effects of Mutations of the αHis45 Residue of Vibrio harveyi Luciferase on the Yield and Reactivity of the Flavin Peroxide Intermediate (1999)

This work was undertaken to investigate the functional consequences of mutations of the essential alpha His45 residue of Vibrio harveyi luciferase, especially with respect to the yield and reactivity of the flavin 4a-hydroperoxide intermediate II. A total of 14 luciferase variants, each with a different single-residue replacement for the alpha His45, were examined. These variants showed changes, mostly slight, in their light decay rates of the nonturnover luminescence reaction and in their Km values for decanal and reduced riboflavin 5'-phosphate (FMNH2). All alpha His45 mutants, however, showed markedly reduced bioluminescence activities, the magnitude of the reduction ranging from about 300-fold to 6 orders of magnitude. Remarkably, a good correlation was obtained for the wild-type luciferase, 12 alpha His45-mutated luciferases, and six additional variants with mutations of other alpha-subunit histidine residues between the degrees of luminescence activity reduction and the dark decay rates of intermediate II. Such a correlation further indicates that the activation of the O-O bond fission is an important function of the flavin 4a-hydroperoxide intermediate II. Both alpha H45G and alpha H45W were found to bind near-stoichiometric amounts of FMNH2. Moreover, each variant catalyzed the oxidation of bound FMNH2 by two mechanisms, with a minor pathway leading to the formation of a luminescence-active intermediate II and a major dark pathway not involving any detectable flavin 4a-hydroperoxide species. This latter pathway mimics that in the normal catalysis by flavooxidases, and its elicitation in luciferase was demonstrated for the first time by single-residue mutations.
Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management in Liver Transplant Recipients (2010)

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease can be difficult to manage following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) despite conventional immunosuppressive therapy. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) following OLT. Methods: All patients with an established diagnosis of UC or Crohn's disease who underwent OLT at the Mayo Clinic between January 1, 1985 and December 30, 2009 were identified. Patients were included if they had received anti-TNF therapy post-OLT. Medical records were reviewed to obtain patient demographic, clinical, and outcomes data. Response was defined as a clinician's assessment of improvement after 12 weeks of usage and mucosal healing was defined as the absence of ulcerations on follow-up endoscopy. Results: Of the 8 patients identified, median age was 42 years and 38% were females. All patients had an IBD diagnosis prior to OLT, 3 with UC and 5 with Crohn's disease. Median IBD disease duration was 17 years (range, 5-48 years). All patients underwent OLT for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), 3 also had cholangiocarcinoma. Three patients had received anti-TNF therapy before OLT, but no anti-TNF agents were continued at the time of OLT. Median time from OLT to anti-TNF usage was 3.5 years (range, 1-14 years). Agents administered included infliximab (n=4), infliximab followed by adalimumab (n=2), and adalimumab (n=2). Reasons for changing from infliximab to adalimumab included infusion reaction (n=1) and loss of response (n=1). The most common indications for anti-TNF agents were diarrhea (n=6), diarrhea with penetrating disease (n=1), and diarrhea with extra-intestinal disease manifestations (n=1). Clinical response was demonstrated in 7 of 8 patients with initial therapy. Of the two patients changed to adalimumab, only one demonstrated a clinical response (patient with infliximab allergy). Mucosal healing was demonstrated in 3 of 7 patients. Five patients were tapered off prednisone. Four infections in 3 patients were reported while on anti-TNF therapy, including oral candidiasis, Clostridium difficile colitis, pneumonia, and cryptosporidiosis. One individual developed an Epstein-Barr virus-positive polymorphic post-transplant lympho-proliferative disorder in the absence of depleting antilymphocyte therapy. No organ rejection was reported while on anti-TNF therapy. One death occurred due to complications from recurrent PSC. Conclusion: Initiation of anti-TNF therapy post-OLT appears to be an effective option for IBD management. Further studies are needed to adequately assess potential risks. Disclosure: Dr Bruining: Centocor-past research support.
Understanding electrochemical properties of supported lipid bilayers interfaced with organic electronic devices (2022)

Native and synthetic membranes can be electrically monitored by creating supported lipid bilayers on top of conducting polymer electrodes. Cell membrane characteristics, e.g. the function of transmembrane proteins, are studied in this paper, along with device sensitivity.
Direct measurement for SOI and bulk diodes of single-event-upset charge collection from energetic ions and alpha particles (2002)

We describe experiments on charge collection from fluorine ions striking ICs and compare with the collection from alpha particles. The fluorine ion strikes are similar to the energetic heavy ions produced when cosmic-ray-generated neutrons collide with silicon nuclei in an IC. The typical measured charge collection is 10 fC for alpha particles and greater than 100 fC for fluorine ions in bulk diodes. For fluorine ions hitting silicon-on-insulator (SOI) diodes, the charge collection is typically less than 9 fC.
A biomechanical study of four different meniscal repair systems, comparing pull‐out strengths and gapping under cyclic loading (2003)

Most studies comparing the biomechanical properties of different meniscal repair systems have simply investigated load to failure. Meniscal tissue is highly anisotropic, and far weaker under tension in the radial direction. Radially oriented loading to failure may not therefore be the most physiologically relevant in vitro test for repair of circumferential tears, and determining gapping across repair sites under cyclical loading at lower loads may be of greater importance. Using bovine menisci, vertical circumferential incisions were repaired using a simple vertical 2-0 PDS suture, Meniscal Arrow, Meniscal Fastener or T-Fix. Repairs were tested by simple loading to failure in a materials testing machine, and by cyclic loading between 5 and 10 N for 25 cycles. Initial gapping across the repairs was measured using a digital micrometer, and the increase in gapping under cyclic loading measured using a Differential Voltage Reluctance Transducer. The mean loads to failure for each of the repair groups were: sutures 72.7 N, Arrows 34.2 N, Fasteners 40.8 N and T-Fix 49.1 N. The load to failure was significantly greater with sutures than with Arrows or Fasteners. The mean gapping across the repairs for each of the repair groups after 25 loading cycles were: sutures 3.29 mm, Arrows 2.18 mm, Fasteners 3.99 mm and T-Fix 3.47 mm. The mean gapping was significantly less with Arrows than with Sutures, Fasteners or T-Fix. These results confirm that meniscal repair by suturing gives the highest load to failure, but show that Arrows give superior hold under lower loads, with the least gapping across repairs under cyclic loading of the four methods tested.
Editorial Commentary: What Is an Anatomic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, and Does It Matter? There Are Many Ways to Skin a Cat! (2019)

The concept of an "anatomic" anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains a major focus of active research in the literature, but the true definition remains elusive. Although most authors have defined this by a tunnel position contained within the native ligament footprint, it is clear that such a description is grossly inadequate to recapitulate the form and function of the native ACL: Aperture surface area, geometry, graft bundles, collagen fiber tension, and isometry, as well as incorporation and maturation, are all critical factors that affect the final outcome. It is clear that no single- or double-bundle ACL reconstruction in 2019 is in fact anatomic; rather, it is guided by the native anatomic landmarks to more appropriately place the new graft.
Cost-Utility Analysis of STN1013001, a Latanoprost Cationic Emulsion, versus Other Latanoprost Formulations (Latanoprost) in Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension and Ocular Surface Disease in France (2022)

Once on the market, STN1013001 will provide the French health system with a cost-effective treatment versus Latanoprost for OAG/OHT + OSD patients. These results should be confirmed by future economic evaluations carried out alongside empirical trials.
435 kW peak power femtosecond pulse mode-locked VECSEL for supercontinuum generation (2013)

We report a passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting laser (VECSEL) producing 400 fs pulses with 4.35 kW peak power. The average output power was 3.3 W and the VECSEL had a repetition rate of 1.67 GHz at a center wavelength of 1013 nm. A near-antiresonant, substrate-removed, 10 quantum well (QW) gain structure designed to enable femtosecond pulse operation is used. A SESAM which uses fast carrier recombination at the semiconductor surface and the optical Stark effect enables passive mode-locking. When 1 W of the VECSEL output is launched into a 2 m long photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a 2.2 µm core, a supercontinuum spanning 175 nm, with average power 0.5 W is produced.
Mixture effects in the catalytic oxidation of VOCS (volatile organic compounds) in air. Final report, June 1985-December 1987 (1988)

This report gives results of a study of the deep oxidation of organic mixtures over a heterogeneous catalyst in an attempt to explain earlier observations concerning the apparent inhibition or enhancement of destruction of some components to establish a scientific basis for the design and operation of catalytic incineration systems for volatile organic compound (VOC) control. The Mars/van Krevelen (MVK) reaction rate model satisfactorily represented the results for some single organic compounds at lower temperatures. By incorporating pore-diffusion effects, the MVK model adequately explains the single component data over the entire temperature range for some of the compounds. A multicomponent MVK model incorporating competitive adsorption effects is moderately successful in predicting the observed behavior for a binary mixture of benzene and n-hexane.
A macromodular graphics system for protein structure research (1974)

A specialized graphics system has been developed for protein research; this system achieves real-time display and manipulation for line-segment models containing up to 4095 end points. The hardware consists of three components: 1) a collection of hardware subroutines assembled from digital computer building blocks called macromodules, 2) vector-matrix transformation and display equipment and 3) a small stored-program computer. This paper provides a general description of the system.
A Batch System with Fair Scheduling for Evolving Applications (2014)

Cluster batch systems usually support only static allocation of resources to applications before job start. After job start, applications cannot increase or decrease their resource set. However, some applications unpredictably evolve during execution and thus may require additional resources. If the extra resources cannot be delivered during runtime, those applications may have to run longer to finish, or are not even able to finish when their job's time slice expires. Likewise, a job may have to end without additional resources due to hardware limits being reached, such as the memory available to the compute node. To avoid such scenarios, users have to make large static allocations to account for a potential demand for resources. This leads to wastage of resources as they idle before they might actually be used at an unknown point. In this paper, we propose a batch system with dynamic allocation facilities to support on-the-fly resource allocation to unpredictably evolving jobs based on demand. We present a novel dynamic resource allocation strategy that also accounts for a fair assignment of resources between the usual rigid jobs and the evolving jobs. The results for a CFD production application and a mixed workload of rigid and evolving jobs (based on the widely used ESP benchmark) show that our system not only reduces the job waiting and job turnaround times, but also increases system utilization and system throughput.
Components of the Translational Machinery Are Associated with Juvenile Glycine Receptors and Are Redistributed to the Cytoskeleton upon Aging and Synaptic Activity (2007)

The translation eukaryotic elongation factor 1alpha (eEF1A) is a monomeric GTPase involved in protein synthesis. In addition, this protein is thought to participate in other cellular functions such as actin bundling, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. Here we show that eEF1A is associated with the alpha2 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor in pulldown experiments with rat brain extracts. Moreover, additional proteins involved in translation like ribosomal S6 protein and p70 ribosomal S6 protein kinase as well as ERK1/2 and calcineurin were identified in the same pulldown approaches. Glycine receptor activation in spinal cord neurons cultured for 1 week resulted in an increased phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 protein. Immunocytochemistry showed that eEF1A and ribosomal S6 protein are localized in the soma, dendrites, and at synapses of cultured hippocampal and spinal cord neurons. Consistent with our biochemical data, immunoreactivities of both proteins were partially overlapping with glycine receptor immunoreactivity in cultured spinal cord and hippocampal neurons. After 5 weeks in culture, eEF1A immunoreactivity was redistributed to the cytoskeleton in about 45% of neurons. Interestingly, the degree of redistribution could be increased at earlier stages of in vitro differentiation by inhibition of either the ERK1/2 pathway or glycine receptors and simultaneous N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Our findings suggest a functional coupling of eEF1A with both inhibitory and excitatory receptors, possibly involving the ERK-signaling pathway.
Monolithic spiral inductors fabricated using a VLSI Cu-damascene interconnect technology and low-loss substrates (2002)

This paper presents spiral inductor structures optimized in a Cu-damascene VLSI interconnect technology with use of silicon, high-resistivity silicon (HRS), or sapphire substrates. Quality factors (Q) of 40 at 5.8 GHz for a 1.4 nH-inductor and 13 at 600 MHz for a 80 nH-inductor have been achieved.
Preliminary study of NO{sub x}, CO, and lean blowoff in a piloted-lean premixed combustor. Part 2: Modeling (1996)

The characteristic time model (CTM) is a semi-empirical model for gas turbine emissions and performance. The CTM represents the essence of the dominant physical subprocesses related to combustor performance in terms of characteristic times. Properly formulated, these characteristic times account for variations in combustor geometry, fuel characteristics, and operating conditions. In this work, the capability of the CTM to correlate the piloted-LP NO{sub x}, CO and blowoff data described in part 1 of this paper is assessed.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Reduction of Organic Halides and Phosphine Oxides with LiAlH4‐CeCl3. (1986)

Abstract Alkyl‐ und Aryl‐chloride und ‐fluoride (I) werden mit einem Reagens aus (II) und (III) reduktiv dehalogeniert, Aus Dichlorphenol (V) wird p‐Chlorphenol (VI) erhalten.
A Review of Engineering Biodegradable Polymer Blends: Morphology, Mechanical Property, and Flame Retardancy (2012)

We first review recent flame retardant formulations on biodegradable polymer blends, such as either starch/ poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) or poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT), where interfacial tensions of the biodegradable polymer blends can play an important role on mechanical and flame retardant properties. The improved material properties are also mainly influenced by morphology of the blends. In addition, a novel approach to increase not only compatibility but also flame retardancy of the biodegradable polymer blends is reviewed. In this method, an aryl phosphate flame retardant, resorcinol di(phenyl phosphate) (RDP), is adsorbed onto the added particles. This is shown to have the following advantages; (a) it can act as a surfactant on either starch or clays, leading to better dispersion in the polymer matrices, (b) enhance compatibilization of PLA and ECOFLEX by localizing the particles at the blend interfaces, and (c) segregated to the blend surface when heated, and reacted with both polymer and starch. These factors allowed for the formulation of self-extinguishing PLA/ECOFLEX blends, with unusual properties that distinguished them from other blends using standard flame retardant halogen formulations. The reactive properties allowed the formation of a shell like layer whose modulus was much higher than the interior polymer, and which dissipated the heat of the approaching front. Analysis of the chars formed after combustion in a cone calorimeter, indicated that addition of the RDP soaked clays did not affect the ductility of the chars or their ability to encase the combustion products which sustained internal pressures from the decomposition gases allowing the release at a steady rate.
Tissue engineering and regenerative approaches to improving the healing of large bone defects (2016)

Despite the high innate regenerative capacity of bone, large osseous defects fail to heal and remain a clinical challenge. Healing such defects requires the formation of large amounts of bone in an environment often rendered hostile to osteogenesis by damage to the surrounding soft tissues and vasculature. In recent years, there have been intensive research efforts directed towards tissue engineering and regenerative approaches designed to overcome this multifaceted challenge. In this paper, we describe and critically evaluate the state-of-the-art approaches to address the various components of this intricate problem. The discussion includes (i) the properties of synthetic and natural scaffolds, their use in conjunction with cell and growth factor delivery, (ii) their vascularisation, (iii) the potential of gene therapies and (iv) the role of the mechanical environment. In particular, we present a critical analysis of where the field stands, and how it can move forward in a coordinated fashion.
Northstar enables automatic classification of known and novel cell types from tumor samples (2019)

Abstract Single cell transcriptomics is revolutionising our understanding of tissue and disease heterogeneity, yet cell type identificationl remains a partially manual task. Published algorithms for automatic cell annotation are limited to known cell types and fail to capture novel populations, especially cancer cells. We developed northstar, a computational approach to classify thousands of cells based on published data within seconds while simultaneously identifying and highlighting new cell states such as malignancies. We tested northstar on human glioblastoma and melanoma and obtained high accuracy and robustness. We collected eleven pancreatic tumors and identified three shared and five private neoplastic cell populations, offering insight into the origins of neuroendocrine and exocrine tumors. northstar is a useful tool to assign known and novel cell type and states in the age of cell atlases.
Exact Solution for Contact and Top-Layer Resistivity in Two-Layer Electrodes: Applications for Li-ion Anodes (2002)

Many experimental configurations have been developed to measure conduction in multilayered structures (1, 2, 3, 4). Recently, we have developed an approximate solution for the first-layer (i.e. active material) conductivity using four-point-probe (5), which has been shown to have applicability in design of anodic materials for Li-ion cells (6). Here we describe a new integral approach allowing exact calculation of the contact resistivity in these materials. The in-line fourpoint-probe configuration modeled is shown in Fig. 1.