gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale Localization Sampling Based on Nanoantenna Arrays for Super‐resolution Imaging of Fluorescent Monomers on Sliding Microtubules (2011)

Sub-diffraction-limited imaging of fluorescent monomers on sliding microtubules in vitro by nanoscale localization sampling (NLS) is reported. NLS is based on periodic nanohole antenna arrays that create locally amplified electromagnetic hot spots through surface plasmon localization. The localized near-field hot spot temporally samples microtubular movement for enhanced spatial resolution. A fourfold improvement in spatial resolution compared to conventional wide-field microscopy is demonstrated. The resolution enhancement is achieved by imaging rhodamine-labeled microtubules that are sampled by the hot spots to provide sub-diffraction-limited images at 76 nm resolution in the direction of movement and 135 nm orthogonally. The intensity distribution produced by the NLS is measured to be broader than that of conventional imaging, which is consistent with the improvement of imaging resolution. Correlation studies between neighboring nanoantennas are also performed. This confirms the possibility of measuring microtubular transport dynamics. NLS can be useful for moving objects that have a high labeling density or for performing fluctuation spectroscopy in small volumes, and may allow "super-resolution on demand" by customizing nanoantenna structures for specific resolution needs.
Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis of Pituitary Corticotroph Tumors Unveils Intratumor Heterogeneity (2023)

Spatial transcriptomic (ST) analysis of tumors provides a novel approach on studying gene expression along with the localization of tumor cells in their environment to uncover spatial interactions. Herein, we present ST analysis of corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. We report that the in situ annotation of tumor tissue can be inferred from the gene expression profiles and is in concordance with the annotation made by a pathologist. Furthermore, relative gene expression in the tumor corresponds to common protein staining used in the evaluation of PitNETs, such as reticulin and Ki-67 index. Finally, we identify intratumor heterogeneity; clusters within the same tumor may present with different secretory capacity and transcriptomic profiles, unveiling potential intratumor cell variability with possible therapeutic interest. Together, our results provide the first attempt to clarify the spatial cell profile in PitNETs.
Relationships between Neighborhood Walkability and Objectively Measured Physical Activity Levels in Hemodialysis Patients (2018)

This is the first study conducted among HD patients to indicate a direct relationship between neighborhood walkability and the actual steps taken. These results should be considered when designing initiatives to increase and improvise exercise routines in HD populations.
A two-dimensional model for enhanced adhesion of film-terminated fibrillar interfaces by crack trapping (2008)

Experiments on a recently developed bioinspired film-terminated fibrillar array show significantly enhanced adhesion compared to a flat unstructured control sample. Adhesion is enhanced because the interfacial crack is trapped close to fibril edges. Using a finite element method and approximate analysis, we study a two-dimensional version of the fibrillar structure to understand the behavior observed in experiments. Several experimental observations are explained by the model: (1) the work to separate a unit area of the interface (W+) is larger than the work of adhesion (Wad) of the flat control sample; (2) the work to heal a unit area of the interface (W−) is smaller than the work of adhesion of the flat control sample; (3) W+ increases with fibril spacing; (4) W+ decreases with film thickness; and (5) W+ decreases with fibril height.
Sponsored Research in Radio Propagation and System Design (1999)

Abstract : This report covers the three-year grant period during which ongoing research using modern propagation measurement techniques and prediction methods to create both specific and statistical ray tracing models for use in wireless communications design and simulations was performed.
Triaxanmethyl‐Kation und 2,10‐p‐[32.56]Octahedrandimethyl‐Dikation (1996)

Als Sätze von nichtklassischen, unsymmetrischen, überbrückten Bicyclobutonium‐Ionen 1 und 2 können die Titelverbindungen beschrieben werden. Diese sind durch Ionisierung der entsprechenden Methanolderivate in supersauren Medien zugänglich; die Strukturzuordnung basiert auf ab‐initio‐Rechnungen und auf dem Vergleich experimenteller und berechneter 13 C‐NMR‐chemischer Verschiebungen. magnified image
Ab initio and Monte Carlo calculations for a nucleophilic addition reaction in the gas phase and in aqueous solution (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAb initio and Monte Carlo calculations for a nucleophilic addition reaction in the gas phase and in aqueous solutionJeffry D. Madura and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 10, 2517–2527Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00270a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00270a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views495Altmetric-Citations167LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Block of multiple presynaptic calcium channel types by omega-conotoxin-MVIIC at hippocampal CA3 to CA1 synapses (1995)

1. The effect of the voltage-dependent Ca channel (VDCC) antagonist omega-conotoxin-MVIIC (omega-CTx-MVIIC) on the presynaptic Ca influx and synaptic transmission was studied in area CA1 of guinea pig hippocampus. The presynaptic Ca transient ([Ca]t) and the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) evoked by a single electrical stimulus were simultaneously recorded at CA3 to CA1 synapses. 2. omega-CTx-MVIIC dose dependently blocked the fEPSP and the presynaptic [Ca]t without affecting the presynaptic fiber volley and the presynaptic resting Ca level. During application of omega-CTx-MVIIC, the decrease of both the fEPSP and the presynaptic [Ca]t had a similar time course, and the initial slope of the fEPSP is proportional to about the fourth power of the amplitude of the presynaptic [Ca]t. These results strongly suggest that omega-CTx-MVIIC inhibits the fEPSP by blocking presynaptic Ca channels at hippocampal CA3 to CA1 synapses. 3. Sequential application of high concentrations of omega-CTx-MVIIC (10 microM) and other VDCC blockers including omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA, 1 microM) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA, 1 microM) showed that omega-CTx-MVIIC significantly occludes the effects of omega-CTx-GVIA and omega-Aga-IVA. Combined application of omega-CTx-GVIA (1 microM) and omega-Aga-IVA (1 microM) largely but not completely occluded the effect of omega-CTx-MVIIC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Deterministic Round Earth Loss Model for Open-Sea Radio Propagation (2013)

This paper proposes a deterministic path-loss model for the open-sea environment. The model accounts for different effects including effective reflection, divergence, and diffraction due to rough sea and earth curvature. The model results show excellent agreement with experimental results from our recent measurement campaign, which investigated propagation at 2 GHz with a maximum distance of 45 km. Channel parameters like mean-square surface slope and standard deviation of surface height are evaluated, from which it can be concluded that the shadowing and scattering effects on the reflection ray will influence the fading amplitude within the distance of 0.6 First Fresnel Zone clearance.
MIMO capacity enhancement beyond that of the ideal rayleigh multipath by virtue of a leaky feeder cable (2016)

The advantages of Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communication systems are known for more than a decade. The operational mechanism of a 2 × 2 MIMO system generally reminds either having cross-polarised receiver/transmitter multiport antennas in line-of-sight (LOS), or both co/cross-polarised multiport antennas in non-line-of-sight multipath environments [1]. In contrast to the aforementioned common perception, within the frame of the current paper, for the first time we realise a 2×2 co-polarised MIMO system in a LOS scenario rendering a capacity close to the ideal 2×2 MIMO system having a double capacity with respect to a LOS single input-single output (SISO) system. In this study, two wideband dipoles with different polarisations are used on the receiver side and one or two long leaky feeder cables (LFCs) are used on the transmitter side. We stress that the highlighted MIMO performance does not strictly depend on the separation between the two dipoles. Furthermore, we illustrate the properties of the channel in the foregoing MIMO system, revealing its amplitude distribution, coherence length, ergodic capacity, and distribution of the channel condition numbers. All conclusions extracted in this study are based on measurements at 1790MHz in free space.
Enhancement of Heat Transfer in Turbulent Separated and Reattaching Flow by Local Forcing (2001)

memployed. The Reynolds number was fixed at Re s 33,000 and the forcing frequency was H varied in the range 0 F fH rr rr U F 2. The condition of constant heat flux was imposed at ` the bottom wall. The predicted results were compared and validated with the experimental data of Chun and Sung and Vogel and Eaton. The enhancement of heat transfer in turbulent separated and reattaching flow by local forcing was evaluated and analyzed.
Maps of the Millimetre Sky from the BOOMERanG Experiment (2005)

In the 1998-99 flight, BOOMERanG has produced maps of ∼4% of the sky at high Galactic latitudes, at frequencies of 90, 150, 240 and 410 GHz, with resolution ≳ 10'. The faint structure of the Cosmic Microwave Background at horizon and sub-horizon scales is evident in these maps. These maps compare well to the maps recently obtained at lower frequencies by the WMAP experiment. Here we compare the amplitude and morphology of the structures observed in the two sets of maps. We also outline the polarization sensitive version of BOOMERanG, which was flown early this year to measure the linear polarization of the microwave sky at 150, 240 and 350 GHz.
Absence of nNOS Increases Longevity of Long Term Bone Marrow Cultures and Radiation Resistance. (2005)

Abstract Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been shown to be localized to the mitochondrial membrane. The mitochondria play an important role in irradiation-induced apoptosis. Following irradiation, there is increased production of superoxide as well as an induction of nitric oxide in mitochondria. The combination of superoxide and nitric oxide results in production of peroxynitrite, a very strong oxidant that produces lipid peroxidation. Previous data have demonstrated that lack of nNOS protects the bladder from ionizing irradiation damage. To determine the role of nNOS in hematopoiesis, we established long term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) from nNOS deletion recombinant negative (knockout) mice as well as nNOS+/+ littermate mice. LTBMCs from nNOS knockout mice compared to +/+ control demonstrated increased total cumulative cell production (32.2 x 106 and 15.9 x 106 non-adherent cells, respectively), cobblestone island formation (5073 and 1106, respectively), and increased cumulative generation of day 14 CFU-GEMM colony forming cells per 105 plated (325 ± 30.4 and 9 ± 2.5 colonies, respectively) over 20 weeks in culture. IL-3 dependent non-adherent cell lines derived from the nNOS-/- and the nNOS+/+ cultures were tested for radiosensitivity. Cells from the nNOS−/− cell line demonstrated decreased radiation apoptosis 24 hours following irradiation, 5.89 ± 0.71% apoptotic cells compared to 10.42 ± 1.19% for the control littermates (p=0.041). Cell cycle analysis of littermate cells at 24 hours after 10 Gy demonstrated a G0/G1 and a G2/M block while there was no change in the cell cycle distribution of the nNOS−/− cells. The data demonstrate that absence of nNOS increases the longevity of hematopoiesis in LTBMCs and increases the radiation resistance of hematopoietic cell lines derived from such cultures.
Integration of focused ultrasound with nanomedicine for brain drug delivery (2017)

Nanomedicine is the next-generation technology for cancer therapy. Liposomes are one of such nanomedicine that have well-established clinical applications. However, their large sizes make it challenging to deliver them to the brain due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of integrating focused ultrasound (FUS)-induced BBB opening with liposomes for brain drug delivery. However, no study has characterized the spatial distributions of the liposomes and released drugs in the brain parenchyma at a microscopic level after the BBB was disrupted by the FUS. In this study, we manufactured liposomes with a fluorescent dye embedded in the lipid layer and chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin encapsulated in the core. These liposomes were intravenously injected into the mouse followed by FUS sonication of a targeted brain location in the presence of microbubbles. The mouse brains were coronally sectioned and imaged using fluorescence microscopy. Preliminary results confirmed the successful delivery of doxorubicin to the brain. However, the liposome distribution as indicated by the dye embedded in the lipid shell was not spatially correlated with the distribution of the doxorubicin. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanism of FUS-enabled liposome delivery.
A PORTABLE FLOW CYTOMETER WITH SI- MULTANEOUS DETECTION OF IMPEDANCE AND FLUORESCENCE (2009)

A portable flow cytometer with simultaneous detection of impedance and fluorescence was constructed incorporating polyelectrolytic gel electrodes (PGE) based impedance measurement and fluorescence measurement with integrated solid-state photonic devices. Simultaneous detection of fluorescence and impedance signal was performed with fluorescent and plain beads. The fluorescence and impedance signal were in good sync with flow of beads.
Precise measurement of coronary stenosis diameter with CCTA using CT number calibration (2019)

Computed tomography-number-Calibrated Diameter is an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the estimate of small vessel diameters and degree of coronary stenosis in CCTA.
<title>Teleradiology system using a magneto-optical disk and N-ISDN</title> (1997)

We have developed a new teleradiology system that provides a fast response and secure data transmission while using N- ISDN communication and an ISC magneto-optical disk that is specialized for medical use. The system consists of PC-based terminals connected to a N-ISDN line and the ISC disk. The system uses two types of data: the control data needed for various operational functions and the image data. For quick response, only the much smaller quantity of control data is sent through the N-ISDN during the actual conference. The bulk of the image data is sent to each site on duplicate ISC disks before the conference. The displaying and processing of images are executed using the local data on the ISC disk. We used this system for a trial teleconsultation between two hospitals. The response time needed to display a 2-Mbyte image was 4 seconds. The telepointer could be controlled with no noticeable delay by sending only the pointer's coordinates. Also, since the patient images were exchanged via the ISC disks only, unauthorized access to the patient images through the N-ISDN was prevented. Thus, this trial provides a preliminary demonstration of the usefulness of this system for clinical use.
Simplified Intestinal Microbiota to Study Microbe-Diet-Host Interactions in a Mouse Model (2019)

The gut microbiota can modulate human metabolism through interactions with macronutrients. However, microbiota-diet-host interactions are difficult to study because bacteria interact in complex food webs in concert with the host, and many of the bacteria are not yet characterized. To reduce the complexity, we colonize mice with a simplified intestinal microbiota (SIM) composed of ten sequenced strains isolated from the human gut with complementing pathways to metabolize dietary fibers. We feed the SIM mice one of three diets (chow [fiber rich], high-fat/high-sucrose, or zero-fat/high-sucrose diets [both low in fiber]) and investigate (1) how dietary fiber, saturated fat, and sucrose affect the abundance and transcriptome of the SIM community, (2) the effect of microbe-diet interactions on circulating metabolites, and (3) how microbiota-diet interactions affect host metabolism. Our SIM model can be used in future studies to help clarify how microbiota-diet interactions contribute to metabolic diseases.
Selective Removal of DNA from Bioproducts by Polycation‐Immobilized Cellulose Beads (2006)

Abstract This paper describes a method for the selective removal of DNA from various cellular products using columns packed with polycation‐immobilized cellulose beads. Polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly‐N,N‐dimethylaminopropylacrylamide (poly(DAPA)) and poly(ϵ‐lysine) (PϵL), all of which have cationic properties, were used as the ligands on the beads. Cellufine‐GC15® and ‐CPC® were used as cellulose matrices. Adsorption of DNA by the beads was determined using a batchwise method or a column method. Each bead type showed high DNA adsorbing activity at pH 7.0 and ionic strengths of μ=0.05–0.8. The larger the pore size of the beads, the larger the DNA‐adsorbing activity. The DNA adsorbing capacities per wet mL of PEI‐, poly(DAPA)‐ and PϵL immobilized Cellufine‐CPC with large pore sizes, were 3.7, 3.2, and 1.8 mg, respectively. When a protein, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or γ‐globulin, was present in solution with the DNA under physiological conditions (pH 7.0, μ=0.2), the DNA selectivity of the PEI immobilized Cellufine‐CPC columns was unsatisfactory, because both the DNA and the protein were adsorbed into the column. In contrast, the poly(DAPA) immobilized Cellufine‐CPC column selectively removed DNA from each protein solution contaminated with DNA under similar conditions: the DNA concentration in each treated protein solution was below 10 ng mL−1, and high recovery of each protein (>92%) was obtained.
The third myrosinase gene TGG3 in Arabidopsis thaliana is a pseudogene specifically expressed in stamen and petal (2002)

Genomic clones and full-length cDNA for the myrosinase gene TGG3 from Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia were sequenced. The TGG3 gene was similar with the earlier described myrosinase genes and shared the conserved intron/exon splice sites but had an insertion of one nucleotide in exon 5, a deletion of two nucleotides in exon 6 and a deletion of approximately 210 nucleotides in exon 12. These mutations shifted the open reading frame in exon 5 and resulted in a truncated protein. Analysis of the TGG3 DNA sequence from five other Arabidopsis ecotypes showed polymorphisms, but in no case did a functional TGG3 gene appear to be present. Although TGG3 apparently is a pseudogene, it was expressed specifically in stamen and petal according to RT-PCR analysis, while TGG1 and TGG2 transcripts were present in most of the tested tissues. Western blot analysis showed only one myrosinase band of 68 kDa corresponding to TGG1 and TGG2 in flower samples, while no band corresponding to TGG3 was encountered. Apparently only two functional myrosinases are present in this gene family in Arabidopsis.
Characterization of Foreign Object Debris Detection at 93.1 GHz using Metallic Cylinder Simulators (2021)

In this paper, the 3×2-cm dimension of foreign object debris (FOD) simulators is used to characterize the FOD detection. The FOD simulator used as the target is made of metal cylindrical shape. The characterization method to measure the radar cross-section (RCS) of FOD simulators at several locations is proposed. This work was conducted in a real airport runway environment at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Furthermore, the measurements were carried out at 93.1 GHz frequency for a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar detection system. The backscattering characteristics of the radar target, specific design of FOD simulator, the analytical deviation and measured RCS value, and experimental procedures are presented in this paper.
Bioinspired Universal Flexible Elastomer‐Based Microchannels (2018)

Flexible and stretchable microscale fluidic devices have a broad range of potential applications, ranging from electronic wearable devices for convenient digital lifestyle to biomedical devices. However, simple ways to achieve stable flexible and stretchable fluidic microchannels with dynamic liquid transport have been challenging because every application for elastomeric microchannels is restricted by their complex fabrication process and limited material selection. Here, a universal strategy for building microfluidic devices that possess exceptionally stable and stretching properties is shown. The devices exhibit superior mechanical deformability, including high strain (967%) and recovery ability, where applications as both strain sensor and pressure-flow regulating device are demonstrated. Various microchannels are combined with organic, inorganic, and metallic materials as stable composite microfluidics. Furthermore, with surface chemical modification these stretchable microfluidic devices can also obtain antifouling property to suit for a broad range of industrial and biomedical applications.
Multiprocessor computer system employing a mechanism for routing communication traffic through a cluster node having a slice of memory direct (2001)

Multiprocessor computer system employing a mechanism for routing communication traffic through a cluster node having a slice of memory direct