gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
cDNA clones for human platelet GPIIb corresponding to mRNA from megakaryocytes and HEL cells (1988)

Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb is one of the two subunits of the common platelet adhesion receptor, GPIIb-IIIa. The isolation, characterization and sequencing of cDNA clones encoding for the two polypeptide chains of GPIIb are described. A number of clones were isolated from lambda gt11 libraries constructed with mRNA from an erythroleukemic cell line, HEL, and human megakaryocytes. Two of these clones, lambda IIb1, from HEL cells, and lambda IIb2, from megakaryocytes, cross-hybridized and were selected for detailed analysis. The identification of these as authentic GPIIb clones was based on immunological criteria and confirmed by the presence of nucleotide sequences in each insert encoding for known protein sequences of platelet GPIIb. These clones contained inserts of 1.54 kb and 1.39 kb, respectively, with an overlapping sequence of 801 bp. The nucleotide sequence of the overlapping region was identical indicating that HEL cells produce a protein closely related, if not identical, to platelet GPIIb. The determined nucleotide sequence of two inserts included a coding sequence for 648 amino acid residues, a TAG stop codon and 185 nucleotides of 3' non-coding sequence followed by a poly(A) tail. The coding sequence contained a portion of the heavy chain, the junction between the heavy and light chains and the entire light chain including a potential transmembrane-spanning domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. When these cDNA were used to probe for GPIIb mRNA, a single mRNA species of 3.9 kb was identified in both HEL cells and human megakaryocytes. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence for GPIIb with those of the alpha subunit of the vitronectin and the fibronectin receptors revealed extensive homologies. These homologies further establish that GPIIb-IIIa from platelets, together with the vitronectin and the fibronectin receptors, are members of a supergene family of adhesion receptors with a recognition specificity for Arg-Gly-Asp amino acid sequences.
Isolation and Total Synthesis of Mabuniamide, a Lipopeptide from an Okeania sp. Marine Cyanobacterium (2019)

The bioassay-guided fractionation of an <i>Okeania</i> sp. marine cyanobacterium collected in Okinawa led to the isolation of the lipopeptide mabuniamide (<b>1</b>). The gross structure of <b>1</b> was determined by spectroscopic analyses, and its absolute configuration was determined using Marfey's analysis of the acid hydrolysate of <b>1</b>. The absolute configuration of <b>1</b> was confirmed by total synthesis. Mabuniamide (<b>1</b>) stimulated glucose uptake in cultured rat L6 myotubes. In addition, mabuniamide (<b>1</b>) and its stereoisomer (<b>2</b>) exhibited moderate antimalarial activity.
Imidazopyridine and Pyrimidinopyridine Systems from Perfluorinated Pyridine Derivatives. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Positive Staining for Improved Contrast Of Macromolecules In Transmission Electron Microscopy (2018)

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Estrogen‐modulating breast cancer therapies and the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

Abstract Background Globally, neurological disorders rank as the leading cause of disability‐adjusted life‐years, and the second‐leading cause of deaths. The high global prevalence and economic impact of Alzheimer’s disease presents a significant public health challenge while the identification of therapies to prevent Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains a challenge. Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common non‐skin cancer in women. Approximately 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime. Currently, Alzheimer’s disease affects 1 in 9 persons in the US over the age of 65, two thirds of whom are women. Method The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to hormone modulating therapies targeting estrogen for the treatment of breast cancer impact the risk of AD using medical informatics and the Symphony claims data set. The Symphony data set contains claims from private‐payer and Medicare insurance data sets from across the United States. Survival analysis was used to determine the association between estrogen modulating therapy exposure and diagnosis of AD in the post index date follow‐up period. A propensity score approach was used to minimize measured and unmeasured selection bias. Result In this cohort study of propensity score matched perimenopausal to postmenopausal aged women with breast cancer, estrogen modulating therapy exposure was associated with decrease in diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease, most specifically Alzheimer’s disease. Kaplan‐Meier curves for AD‐free survival were analyzed to measure the overall rate and proportion of patients in each treatment group who went on to develop neurodegenerative disease. Conclusion Among female patients with breast cancer, exposure to estrogen modulating therapies, specifically tamoxifen and steroidal aromatase inhibitors, was associated with a decrease in diagnosis of AD and Dementia. As a result, translational studies investigating the mechanisms by which these therapeutics impact AD risk are currently underway.
The Approach to Pseudarthrosis After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Is a Multiple-Rod Construct Necessary? (2021)

Our data demonstrate no difference in fusion grade, or rates of rod fracture and revision at 2 years, after utilizing a dual rod versus multiple rod construct in revision surgery for pseudarthrosis. The low complication rates seen with either configuration warrant further investigation of the optimal instrumentation configuration.
Aryl-Substituted and Benzo-AnnulatedCycloSal-Derivatives of 2′,3′-Dideoxy-2′,3′-Didehydrothymidine Monophosphate — Correlation of Structure, Hydrolysis Properties and Anti-HIV Activity (2002)

The synthesis of phenyl-substituted and benzoannulated cycloSal phosphate triesters of the nucleoside analogue 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine (d4T, Zerit) as lipophilic, membrane-soluble pronucleotides is described. The cycloSal moiety was introduced by using cyclic chlorophosphite agents prepared from phenyl-substituted saligenin derivatives and ortho-hydroxymethylated naphthols, respectively. Hydrolysis studies (HPLC analysis) of the triesters 2, 3 showed a range of hydrolytic stability from 1.4 h up to 5.1 h and the stability could be correlated with the substitution pattern in the cycloSal moiety. A slight decrease of their stability was observed, if phenyl-substituted derivatives were hydrolyzed in human CEM/O cell extracts. D4T and thymine, possible products of enzymatic cleavage of the pronucleotides, were not detected in the cell extracts. A further investigation of the hydrolysis process was performed by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. This technique allowed a precise monitoring of the degradation products and the exact determination of the product ratio. Finally, the newly synthesized compounds were tested concerning their antiviral activity against HIV in vitro. A strong correlation of the hydrolysis properties and the antiviral activity was found. 3-phenyl-cycloSal-d4TMP showed a threefold increase in its anti-HIV-1 activity and retained full activity in thymidine kinase (TK) deficient cells, indicative of a successful TK-bypass.
Racial Differences in PAM50 Subtypes in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (2017)

Multigene assays highlight racial disparities in tumor subtype distribution that persist even in clinically defined subgroups. Differences in tumor biology (eg, HER2-enriched status) may be targetable to reduce disparities among clinically ER+/HER2- cases.
OWPT (Optical Wireless Power Transmission) by image-guided laser-beam steering (2021)

Optical Wireless Power Transmission (OWPT) is one of the technologies of wireless energy transfer. OWPT uses optical light source as an energy emitter, and solar panel as an energy detector. With current trends of availability of large laser power source at lower prices and sophisticated image recognition technologies, OWPT increases its attention. In order to obtain high energy transfer efficiency in OWPT, precise control of laser illuminating position is required. We apply co-axially aligned optical system of imaging function and laser beam steering function to satisfy the requirement. At the presentation, we will introduce our approach of OWPT.
Evaluating Wide Gamut Color Capture of Multispectral Cameras (2008)

Systems for wide-gamut display are being attracted attention, but conventional color cameras cannot capture color signals in the expanded color gamut. This paper presents a method for evaluating the capability of capturing wide color gamut, and the evaluation results of six-band camera systems comparing with a three-band system. The numerical evaluations show that six-band systems realize a wide color gamut with little loss of signal to noise ratio, and with good color accuracy. In addition, a subjective evaluation demonstrates the capability of six-band systems to acquire deep and vivid colors without loss of naturalness.
ChemInform Abstract: A GENERAL SYNTHESIS OF PYRROLES FROM ALDEHYDES AND KETONES (1982)

Abstract Durch Benzoylierung der Azine (I) zu den ungesättigten Amiden (II) und anschließende Thermolyse entstehen die N‐Benzoylpyrrole (III), deren Hydrazinolyse zu den Pyrrolen (IV) führt.
Evidence for Radical Cations in Linked Mechanisms of N,N-Dialkyl Aromatic Amine Nitration and Nitrosative Dealkylation (1998)

N,N-Dialkyl aromatic amines react rapidly with nitrous acid to competitively produce a nitrosamine and a nitro compound. The mechanism of nitro compound formation involves a reaction of an amine radical cation with NO2, while the nitrosamine is produced by two competing pathways, one of which involves N-α-CH deprotonation of a radical cation with subsequent oxidative generation of an imminium ion, and the other of which occurs through NOH elimination of a nitrosammonium ion (R3N−NO+). All three pathways are linked through the reversible homolysis of R3N−NO+ to NO and a radical cation.
Candidate codeword selection scheme with bit flipping for outer code in overloaded MIMO-OFDM system (2014)

This paper presents a candidate codeword selection scheme with bit flipping in two step joint decoding of block coded signals in an overloaded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In previous literature, the two step joint decoding scheme has been proposed for complexity reduction of maximum likelihood decoding of a block code in the overloaded MIMO system. However, the two step decoding scheme has not been combined with an outer code. The selection of the candidate codewords in the inner block code may not always be able to provide the metric of a binary coded symbol for the outer code. Candidate codewords are then created through bit flipping in the proposed scheme. It is shown that the two step decoding scheme reduces the complexity by about 0.026 for 4 signal streams with the cost of bit error rate degradation within 0.5dB.
The comparative analysis of image fusion results by using KOMPSAT-2/3 images (2014)

본 논문에서는 사용되는 센서의 특성, 특히 밴드 간 분광 응답함수의 차이에 따라 달라질 수 있는 영상융합 기법의 성능 차이에 대한 상대적 비교 분석을 주된 연구 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해, CS 기반의 대표적 영상융합 기법인 GIHS, GS1, GSA, GSA-CA을 선정하였고, 거의 동일 시기/동일 지역을 촬영한 KOMPSAT-2/3 위성영상을 이용하였다. 또한, 융합 영상의 성능 평가는 정량적/정성적 방법을 혼용하여 진행하였다. 분석 결과, KOMPSAT-2/3 영상 모두에서 GSA 기법과 GSA-CA 기법이 다른 기법들에 비해 상대적으로 우수한 품질을 나타냈다. 이는 다른 위성영상 및 문헌을 통해 제시된 결과들과 일치하는 것으로, 선형 회귀식을 통해 전정색 영상과 intensity 영상 간 스펙트럴 불일치를 최소화한 기존 방법론의 효능을 뒷받침하는 것이다. 그러나 동일한 실험 조건을 적용하였을 때, KOMPSAT-2와 KOMPSAT-3에서 나타내는 융합 성능은 서로 다른 결과를 나타냈다. 이 같은 결과는 두 위성 센서 내 밴드별 분광응답함수가 서로 다른 것에 기인하는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. KOMPSAT-2의 경우, blue 밴드와 green 밴드의 분광 응답비가 전정색 밴드를 초과하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이는 영상 융합 과정에서 과도한 저주파 요소를 삽입하여, 최종적으로 제작된 융합 영상에서의 색상 왜곡을 유발하는 원인이 되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 반면, KOMPSAT-3에서는 KOMPSAT-2에서 발생되었던 상당부분의 관련 문제들을 보완 하였으며, 결과적으로 동일한 실험 조건에서도 상대적으로 향상된 융합 결과를 나타냈다. This paper had a purpose on analyzing result data from pan-sharpening, which have applied on the KOMPSAT-2 and -3 image. Particularly, the study focused on comparing each relative spectral response functions, which considers to cause color distortions of fused image. Two images from same time and location have been collected by KOMPSAT-2 and -3 to apply in the experiment. State-of-the-art algorithms of GIHS, GS1, GSA and GSA-CA were employed for analyzing the results in quantitatively and qualitatively. Following analysis of previous studies, GSA and GSA-CA methods resulted excellent quality in both of KOMPSAT-2/3 results, since they minimize spectral discordances between intensity and PAN image by the linear regression algorithm. It is notable that performances from KOMPSAT-2 and- 3 are not equal under same circumstances because of different spectral characteristics. In fact, KOMPSAT-2 is known as over-injection of low spatial resolution components of blue and green band, are greater than that of the PAN band. KOMPSAT-3, however, has been advanced in most of misperformances and weaknesses comparing from the KOMPSAT-2.
Topoisomerase Inhibitors as Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) Payloads (2019)

Topoisomerase inhibitors represent a novel class of compounds that have been used as stand-alone anticancer agents, and their incorporation into antibody conjugates adds a targeting element to the development of more selective chemotherapy. Topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes involved in relaxing DNA strands for replication and transcription, and inhibitors of these enzymes act by stabilizing DNA–topoisomerase complexes, leading to double-strand breaks. SN-38, the active drug form of the cancer drug irinotecan is a topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitor that has been employed in various formulations to improve bioavailability. However, antibody conjugates of SN-38 represent a new approach for improving cancer chemotherapy. This review focuses on the design of antibody–SN-38 conjugates and on the current clinical results obtained for a number of cancers. A more potent form of a TOP1-inhibiting camptothecin derivative, exatecan mesylate, is currently being examined clinically in the antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) format, and DS-8201a, an ADC targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) cancers, has shown promising Phase I clinical results in breast and gastric cancers. These ADCs also lend themselves to combination therapy with poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors for potentially improving clinical outcomes.
Cytotoxic Capacity of IL-15-Stimulated Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Against Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Rhabdomyosarcoma in Humanized Preclinical Mouse Models (2012)

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) has become an important treatment modality for patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is also under investigation for soft tissue sarcomas. The therapeutic success is still limited by minimal residual disease (MRD) status ultimately leading to patients' relapse. Adoptive donor lymphocyte infusions based on MRD status using IL-15-expanded cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells may prevent relapse without causing graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). To generate preclinical data we developed mouse models to study anti-leukemic- and anti-tumor-potential of CIK cells in vivo. Immunodeficient mice (NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγc(-), NSG) were injected intravenously with human leukemic cell lines THP-1, SH-2 and with human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cell lines RH41 and RH30 at minimal doses required for leukemia or tumor engraftment. Mice transplanted with THP-1 or RH41 cells were randomly assigned for analysis of CIK cell treatment. Organs of mice were analyzed by flow cytometry as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction for engraftment of malignant cells and CIK cells. Potential of CIK cells to induce GvHD was determined by histological analysis. Tissues of the highest degree of THP-1 cell expansion included bone marrow followed by liver, lung, spleen, peripheral blood (PB), and brain. RH30 and RH41 engraftment mainly took place in liver and lung, but was also detectable in spleen and PB. In spite of delayed CIK cell expansion compared with malignant cells, CIK cells injected at equal amounts were sufficient for significant reduction of RH41 cells, whereas against fast-expanding THP-1 cells 250 times more CIK than THP-1 cells were needed to achieve comparable results. Our preclinical in vivo mouse models showed a reliable 100% engraftment of malignant cells which is essential for analysis of anti-cancer therapy. Furthermore our data demonstrated that IL-15-activated CIK cells have potent cytotoxic capacity against AML and RMS cells without causing GvHD.
ONTOMO: Development of Ontology Building Service Evaluation of Instance Recommendation Using Proper Noun Extraction (2009)

In the research area of web technologies, ontologies are re- cently widely used. By using ontologies, we can share common understand- ing of the structure of information among people or software agents and enable reuse of domain knowledge. However, the difficulties in building on- tologies have been pointed out and its costs are raising problems currently. To build an ontology, we must determine the domain that the ontology will cover, and define taxonomy, properties, instances of the ontology. It is very difficult and time consuming to build them without any tools. In this paper, we propose ONTOMO that enables Internet users to take part in building ontologies as a part of collective intelligence. In particular, we present an instance recommendation mechanism based on the editing his- tory of multiple users together with experimental evaluations.
Colorimetric characterization of a computer‐controlled liquid crystal display (2004)

Abstract A new method was used to characterize computer‐controlled liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The characterization, which was performed to enable colorimetric image display, included channel independence, spatial independence, screen uniformity, and colorimetry. The colorimetric model consisted of three one‐dimensional look‐up tables (LUTs) describing each channel's optoelectronic transfer function and a 3 × 4 matrix transformation that included black‐level flare. The matrix coefficients were estimated statistically by minimizing the average CIEDE2000 color difference for a data set sampling the display's colorimetric gamut. The LUTs were recreated dynamically throughout the optimization of the matrix coefficients. The characterization was implemented with three different instruments to evaluate the robustness of the method with respect to measurement uncertainty. The average performance ranged between 0.1 and 0.4 ΔE 00 and was well correlated with instrument precision. The optimization approach improved performance by a factor of two compared with direct measurements. Despite differences in instrument design, the chromaticities of each primary following optimization and black‐level flare compensation were very similar. This excellent performance was a result of the display's optoelectronic properties well matching the model assumptions. The technique was also used to characterize three additional LCD displays ranging in their matching of the model assumptions. In this case, performance worsened. For one display, more complex models would be required for colorimetric characterization. Finally, a colorimetric characterization based on measurements at the center of the display and perpendicular to the face was used to predict measurements at the edges and at different angles. The results indicated that characterizations would be required at multiple positions and angles in order to achieve sufficient accuracy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 29, 365–373, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20046
Sterilization of Lung Matrices by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2015)

Lung engineering is a potential alternative to transplantation for patients with end-stage pulmonary failure. Two challenges critical to the successful development of an engineered lung developed from a decellularized scaffold include (i) the suppression of resident infectious bioburden in the lung matrix, and (ii) the ability to sterilize decellularized tissues while preserving the essential biological and mechanical features intact. To date, the majority of lungs are sterilized using high concentrations of peracetic acid (PAA) resulting in extracellular matrix (ECM) depletion. These mechanically altered tissues have little to no storage potential. In this study, we report a sterilizing technique using supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) that can achieve a sterility assurance level 10(-6) in decellularized lung matrix. The effects of ScCO2 treatment on the histological, mechanical, and biochemical properties of the sterile decellularized lung were evaluated and compared with those of freshly decellularized lung matrix and with PAA-treated acellular lung. Exposure of the decellularized tissue to ScCO2 did not significantly alter tissue architecture, ECM content or organization (glycosaminoglycans, elastin, collagen, and laminin), observations of cell engraftment, or mechanical integrity of the tissue. Furthermore, these attributes of lung matrix did not change after 6 months in sterile buffer following sterilization with ScCO2, indicating that ScCO2 produces a matrix that is stable during storage. The current study's results indicate that ScCO2 can be used to sterilize acellular lung tissue while simultaneously preserving key biological components required for the function of the scaffold for regenerative medicine purposes.
Modeling of Pulse Transformers with Parallel- and Non-Parallel-Plate Windings for Power Modulators (2007)

The parasitic capacitances of transformers significantly influence the resulting pulse shape of a power modulator system. In order to predict the pulse shape and adapt the geometry of the pulse transformer before constructing the transformer an equivalent circuit and analytic expressions relating the geometry to the parasitic elements are needed. Therefore, in this paper equations based on the geometry of the transformer for parametrizing an equivalent circuit consisting of 6 lumped capacitors are presented. The equations are verified by measurement results for pulse transformers with parallel- and non parallel-plate windings and a solid state modulator designed for linear accelerators.
Post-Compression of Picosecond Pulses to Four Optical Cycles via Multi-Pass Spectral Broadening (2020)

We demonstrate post-compression of 1.2 ps pulses to the few-cycle regime via multi-pass spectral broadening. We achieve compression factors of 40 via single and &gt;90 via dual stage compression employing mJ pulses.