gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Testing of model structures in identification of metabolic systems (1979)

In this paper some criteria for testing model structures are used for choosing the best among a set of rival dynamical models of two metabolic processes. The considered criteria are based on the residual sum of squares, the final prediction error, the Akaike information criterion and the inverse of the information matrix. Linear time invariant structured models and input-output descriptions are proposed for the two considered metabolic processes, riphamicin and bilirubin kinetics, and maximum likelihood parameter estimates are obtained from input-output test data. A combined use of the Akaike criterion (or final prediction error) and of the inverse of the information matrix proved to be a very reliable tool in the metabolic model structure determination.
An Analysis of Spectral Simulation Methods for Laser Heterodyne Radiometry for the Vertical Profiling of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Mixing Ratios (2023)

George Washington University and Mesa Photonics are developing and deploying a Laser Heterodyne Radiometer (LHR) that simultaneously measures CO2, CH4, H2O, and O2 mixing ratios throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere. Spectral fits are constrained by fitting the oxygen spectral line shape &amp;#8211; which depends only on pressure and temperature &amp;#8211; to improve GHG retrieval precision and provide dry-air corrections. This constraint is achieved by fitting pressure and temperature profiles obtained from the meteorology data measured by radiosondes (vertical resolution ranging from 5-500 m) as part of NOAA&amp;#8217;s Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA).Atmospheric spectra are simulated for the column using a spectral simulation package (&amp;#8220;LahetraSim&amp;#8221;) that uses parameters from the HITRAN spectral database to model spectra through the HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI). Integrated path absorption spectra are calculated using the initial sun angle and estimated radiosonde pressure and temperature profiles. Concentration profiles for CO2, CH4, and H2O can then be iterated on their vertical distributions and refining the pressure and temperature profiles to best fit the oxygen spectrum.Here we present a comparison of our spectral simulation software to that of an alternative method that has been presented for LHR data processing which makes use of the Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) API. Spectral simulations are generated using several atmospheric databases, templates, and transfer models. This tool allows for the extraction of Modern Era Retrospective Analysis, Version 2 (MERRA-2) vertical profiles of pressure and temperature and species abundances from HITRAN. Two limitations of the MERRA-2 database are the latency of approximately 2 months for the latest data availability and the coarse vertical resolution (~1 km) of the available data.&amp;#160; Another benefit of our approach is that approximation of both Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and Tropopause Heights can be extracted from the temperature and pressure profiles and these heights can be iterated to refine atmospheric layers; thus increasing their relevance of LHR to GHG modeling.
Jot devices and the Quanta Image Sensor (2014)

The Quanta Image Sensor (QIS) concept and recent work on its associated jot device are discussed. A bipolar jot and a pump-gate jot are described. Both have been modelled in TCAD. As simulated, the pump-gate jot has a full well of 200e- and conversion gain of 480uV/e-.
Stereochemical Course of Catalysis by the Tetrahymena Ribozyme (1989)

The group I intron from Tetrahymena catalyzes phosphodiester transfer reactions on various RNA substrates. A modified RNA substrate with a phosphorothioate group in one stereoisomeric form at the site of reaction was synthesized in order to determine the stereochemical course of an RNA-catalyzed reaction. The reaction product was digested with a stereospecific nuclease to determine the configuration of the product phosphorothioate. The reaction occurs with inversion of configuration at phosphorus, implying an in-line pathway for the reaction.
Temporal frequency dependence of modal noise in fibres (1980)

For a particular source and fibre, frequency correlation effects determine speckle contrast. For a specified degree of spatial filtration, speckle contrast in turn determines modal noise statistics. The measurement and analysis is reported of the correlation of two multimode fibre speckle patterns as a function of their source frequency difference.
Synthesis of a new enantiomerically pure P-chiral phosphine and its use in probing the mechanism of the Mitsunobu reaction (2000)

A new enantiomerically pure P-chiral phosphine, (S)-cyclohexylmethyl- (1-naphthyl)phosphine (1) was prepared by phosphine-borane methodology and used in a mechanistic study of the Mitsunobu reaction. Enantiomerically enriched (S)-cyclo- hexylmethyl(1-naphtyl)phosphine oxide (8) is obtained if the reaction proceeds through the phosphonium salt 4, whereas the intermediate dialkoxyphosphorane 5 leads to racemic phosphine oxide 8. The results of the experiments including the variation of the reaction conditions and the natures of alcohol and carboxylic acid used in the Mitsunobu reaction prove the competition of two alternative mechanisms (reaction via 4 or 5) on the second stage of the Mitsunobu reaction.
Feasibility of Energy Management Techniques for Ultra-low Power M2M SatCom Terminals (2018)

The request for the provision of services relying on Machine to Machine (M2M) communications have increased a lot over the last years. This has led to the introduction of M2M communications also in the SatCom area. In this context, the design of ultra-low power terminals becomes indispensable. In this paper, a feasibility study for assessing the implementation of an innovative energy efficient technique for ultra-low power M2M SatCom terminals is proposed. By Ieveraging on the E-SSA (Enhanced Spread Spectrum ALOHA) protocol, the newly proposed technique jointly exploits the use of multiple Spreading Factors (SFs) for transmission together with a smart transmission manager which is able optimize the use of energy harvesting by dynamically deciding when and how to transmit data. The proposed solution has been tested in different SatCom scenarios, demonstrating its effectiveness in terms of overall throughput and energy consumption.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Modification of n‐GaAs Photoanodes with Group VIIIB Metal Ions: Stability in Contact with 1.0 M KOH(aq)‐0.10 M K2Se(aq) Solutions and I‐V Properties in Contact with 1.0 M KOH(aq)‐0.3 M K2Te( aq) Electrolytes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fluorescent Phosphorus Dendrimer as a Spectral Nanosensor for Macrophage Polarization and Fate Tracking in Spinal Cord Injury (2015)

Dendrimers and dendriplexes, highly branched synthetic macromolecules, have gained popularity as new tools for a variety of nanomedicine strategies due to their unique structure and properties. We show that fluorescent phosphorus dendrimers are well retained by bone marrow-derived macrophages and exhibit robust spectral shift in its emission in response to polarization conditions. Fluorescence properties of this marker can also assist in identifying macrophage presence and phenotype status at different time points after spinal cord injury. Potential use of a single dendrimer compound as a drug/siRNA carrier and phenotype-specific cell tracer offers new avenues for enhanced cell therapies combined with monitoring of cell fate and function in spinal cord injury.
Novel Tertiary Amine Solid Adsorbents Used for the Capture of Carbon Dioxide (2006)

No abstract prepared.
Efficient ablation by immunotoxin-mediated cell targeting of the cell types that express human interleukin-2 receptor depending on the internal ribosome entry site (2001)

The present results indicate that it is possible to effectively use the IRES-dependent expression system for IMCT. The system permits expression of the target receptor in selective cell types by introducing the IRES-driven expression cassette into the 3'-untranslated region of the marker gene locus.
RIFLE Criteria for Cardiac Surgery–Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Factors and Outcomes (2010)

The aims of this study were to identify risk factors and evaluate the association with clinical outcomes of postoperative cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Data from 2488 consecutive adult patients were analyzed. Patients were classified as having CSA-AKI based on the risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria using peak postoperative creatinine in the postoperative intensive care unit (ICU). Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for CSA-AKI. CSA-AKI occurred in 584 patients (23.5%). CSA-AKI patients had significantly longer aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times. Furthermore, CSA-AKI patients had higher hospital mortality (5.5% vs 1.5%, P<.001) and significantly longer ICU and hospital stays. Independent risk factors for CSA-AKI were age, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and surgery on the thoracic aorta. In conclusion, patients who develop CSA-AKI have a higher preoperative risk profile, more complex surgery, and worse clinical outcomes.
Impact of Tunable Oligophosphonates on Barium Sulfate Crystallization (2014)

Calixarenes can be used as well-defined scaffolds for investigating structure–activity relationships of additives and their impact on crystallization. In this work, we present the crystal growth modification of barium sulfate by p-phosphonic acid calix[n]arenes that vary in size (n = 4, 5, 6, and 8) and thus vary in the size of the internal cavity for the same functionality in the upper rim. The tetrameric, hexameric, and octameric macrocycles induce nanoparticle formation with clear superstructure. In the case of the hexameric calix[6]arene, the initial mesocrystalline superstructure fuses over time to form almost hollow spheres, while the mesocrystals formed in the presence of the tetramer and octamer are stable over an extended period. The pentameric calix[5]arene forms more disordered aggregates of single crystals. Thermogravimetric data shows that a significant proportion of the mass of the barium sulfate-containing solid is the macrocycle, regardless of the choice of macrocycle.
Gradient-Based Low-Light Image Enhancement (2018)

A low-light image enhancement is a highly demanded image processing technique, especially for consumer digital cameras and cameras on mobile phones. In this paper, a gradient-based low-light image enhancement algorithm is proposed. The key is to enhance the gradients of dark region, because the gradients are more sensitive for human visual system than absolute values. In addition, we involve the intensity-range constraints for the image integration. By using the intensity-range constraints, we can integrate the output image with enhanced gradients preserving the given gradient information while enforcing the intensity range of the output image within a certain intensity range. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed gradient-based low-light image enhancement can effectively enhance the low-light images.
A machine learning approach for dynamic control of RTS/CTS in WLANs (2018)

In this paper, we proposed a novel algorithm to dynamically enable and disable IEEE 802.11 DCF's RTS/CTS handshake. We start by conducting an experimental characterization of the performance of RTS/CTS as a function of packet size, transmission rate, and network contention, which complements existing work that evaluated RTS/CTS performance analytically and empirically. Motivated by our experimental evaluation of RTS/CTS performance, our algorithm uses current packet size and transmission rate, as well as an estimate of network contention to dynamically decide whether to use RTS/CTS or not. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed algorithm is the first to enable and disable the RTS/CTS handshake based on a set of current network conditions, and automatically adapt as these conditions change. Simulation results using a variety of WLAN scenarios, including synthetic and real traffic traces, demonstrate that the proposed approach consistently outperforms current best practices, such as never enabling RTS/CTS or setting the RTS Threshold (RT), which is used to decide whether to switch RTS/CTS on or off, to a static value.
Collagen Fiber Architecture of a Cultured Dermal Tissue (1997)

Advances in tissue engineering have led to the development of artificially grown dermal tissues for use in burn and ulcer treatments. An example of such an engineered tissue is Dermagraft, which is grown using human neonatal fibroblasts on rectangular sheets of biodegradable mesh. Using small angle light scattering (SALS), we quantified the collagen fiber architecture of Dermagraft with the mesh scaffold contributions removed through the use of a structurally based optical model. Dermagraft collagen fibers were found to have a preferred direction nearly parallel to the long dimension of the kite-shaped mesh opening with small spatial variations over the mesh. This study demonstrated the utility of SALS as a rapid and inexpensive technique for the evaluation of gross collagen fiber architecture in engineered tissues.
A Gene Network Simulator to Assess Reverse Engineering Algorithms (2009)

In the context of reverse engineering of biological networks, simulators are helpful to test and compare the accuracy of different reverse-engineering approaches in a variety of experimental conditions. A novel gene-network simulator is presented that resembles some of the main features of transcriptional regulatory networks related to topology, interaction among regulators of transcription, and expression dynamics. The simulator generates network topology according to the current knowledge of biological network organization, including scale-free distribution of the connectivity and clustering coefficient independent of the number of nodes in the network. It uses fuzzy logic to represent interactions among the regulators of each gene, integrated with differential equations to generate continuous data, comparable to real data for variety and dynamic complexity. Finally, the simulator accounts for saturation in the response to regulation and transcription activation thresholds and shows robustness to perturbations. It therefore provides a reliable and versatile test bed for reverse engineering algorithms applied to microarray data. Since the simulator describes regulatory interactions and expression dynamics as two distinct, although interconnected aspects of regulation, it can also be used to test reverse engineering approaches that use both microarray and protein-protein interaction data in the process of learning. A first software release is available at http://www.dei.unipd.it/~dicamill/software/netsim as an R programming language package.
Repeatability and Reproducibility Uncertainty in Magnetic Resonance-Based Electric Properties Tomography of a Homogeneous Phantom (2023)

Uncertainty assessment is a fundamental step in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging because it makes comparable, in a strict metrological sense, the results of different scans, for example during a longitudinal study. Magnetic resonance-based electric properties tomography (EPT) is a quantitative imaging technique that retrieves, non-invasively, a map of the electric properties inside a human body. Although EPT has been used in some early clinical studies, a rigorous experimental assessment of the associated uncertainty has not yet been performed. This paper aims at evaluating the repeatability and reproducibility uncertainties in phase-based Helmholtz-EPT applied on homogeneous phantom data acquired with a clinical 3 T scanner. The law of propagation of uncertainty is used to evaluate the uncertainty in the estimated conductivity values starting from the uncertainty in the acquired scans, which is quantified through a robust James-Stein shrinkage estimator to deal with the dimensionality of the problem. Repeatable errors are detected in the estimated conductivity maps and are quantified for various values of the tunable parameters of the EPT implementation. The spatial dispersion of the estimated electric conductivity maps is found to be a good approximation of the reproducibility uncertainty, evaluated by changing the position of the phantom after each scan. The results underpin the use of the average conductivity (calculated by weighting the local conductivity values by their uncertainty and taking into account the spatial correlation) as an estimate of the conductivity of the homogeneous phantom.
Simplified Quality Control Method for the Tensile Strength of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (2008)

Peer Reviewed
Constitutive Activation of PKA Catalytic Subunit in Adrenal Cushing's Syndrome (2014)

Genetic alterations of the catalytic subunit of PKA were found to be associated with human disease. Germline duplications of this gene resulted in bilateral adrenal hyperplasias, whereas somatic PRKACA mutations resulted in unilateral cortisol-producing adrenal adenomas. (Funded by the European Commission Seventh Framework Program and others.).
Immunization of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys with soluble human CD4 elicits an antiviral response. (1991)

Since the CD4 molecule is a high-affinity cell-surface receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it has been suggested that a soluble truncated form of CD4 may compete with cell-surface CD4 for HIV binding and thus be of use in the therapy of AIDS. We have utilized the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac)-infected rhesus monkeys to explore another possible therapeutic application of CD4 in AIDS--the use of recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4) as an immunogen. SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys immunized with human rsCD4 developed not only an anti-human CD4 but also an anti-rhesus monkey CD4 antibody response. Coincident with the generation of this antibody response, SIVmac could not be isolated easily from peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow macrophages of these animals. Furthermore, the decreased number of both granulocyte/macrophage and erythrocyte colonies grown from the bone marrow of these immunized monkeys rose to normal levels. These findings suggest that a modified human CD4 molecule serving as an immunogen might elicit an antibody response in man that could induce a beneficial therapeutic response in HIV-infected individuals.
Resonantly Enhanced Emission from a Luminescent Nanostructured Waveguide (2016)

Controlling the characteristics of photon emission represents a significant challenge for both fundamental science and device technologies. Research on microcavities, photonic crystals, and plasmonic nanocavities has focused on controlling spontaneous emission by way of designing a resonant structure around the emitter to modify the local density of photonic states. In this work, we demonstrate resonantly enhanced emission using luminescent nanostructured waveguide resonance (LUNAR). Our concept is based on coupling between emitters in the luminescent waveguide and a resonant waveguide mode that interacts with a periodic nanostructure and hence outcouples via diffraction. We show that the enhancement of resonance emission can be controlled by tuning the design parameters. We also demonstrate that the enhanced emission is attributable to the accelerated spontaneous emission rate that increases the probability of photon emission in the resonant mode, accompanied by enhanced the local density of photonic states. This study demonstrates that nanostructured luminescent materials can be designed to exhibit functional and enhanced emission. We anticipate that our concept will be used to improve the performance of a variety of photonic and optical applications ranging from bio/chemical sensors to lighting, displays and projectors.
Biologic Enhancement of a Common Arthroscopic Suture (2011)

RGD-modified suture materials have the potential to create favorable biologic responses when used in common orthopaedic procedures.
The use of nature’s own chemistry to produce hydrophobic binders for nonwovens, combining a polyelectrolyte complex and pea protein (2023)

Chemically bonded nonwovens are strong, paper-like materials that traditionally contains a latex binder comprising a plastic polymer and (often) cellulosic fibers. With this composition, these materials are only partly biobased, having a low biodegradability and cannot be recycled in traditional waste streams. In the strive for a fully biobased nonwoven system with a hydrophobic character, a biobased binder (polyelectrolyte complex, PEC) out of carboxymethyl cellulose and chitosan dissolved in citric acid) was here combined with pea protein (PP). By varying the fat content in the pea protein, as well as the content of the protein in the binder, it was possible to obtain different degrees of cellulosic nonwoven hydrophobicity and mechanical properties. At equal amounts of PEC and PP, the cured system showed a contact angle of ≈ 120°, which was stable in time. As compared to the binder-free nonwoven, the dry strength was doubled in the presence of defatted PP, and the stiffness and strength in the wet state was significantly higher for all combinations between PEC and PP.
Hommage à Jacques Logie (1938-2007) (2008)

http://www.editions-universite-bruxelles.be/fiche/view/2422
Polymer melting temperatures and crystallinity at different pressure applied (2021)

Abstract The present work aims at the experimental investigation of the effect of an increased thermal bonding pressure on the melting point (the so‐called Clapeyron effect) of three polymers employed in nonwovens. Namely, this work quantifies the dependence of melting temperature on pressure in these polymers. The following three polymers were used in the present experiments: polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP) (all three already received in the form of nonwovens). A simple novel method of measurements of melting points of such polymers under different pressures was proposed and developed. The results revealed: (i) the melting point of PBT nonwovens increased by about 12°C when the applied pressure was increased up to 277.79 atm; (ii) the melting point of the PET nonwovens increased by about 7°C when the applied pressure increased up to 104.86 atm; (iii) the melting point of PP nonwovens increased by about 6°C when the applied pressure was increased up to 104.86 atm. The melting temperature measurements by the present method were also validated through differential scanning calorimetry measurements with the above‐mentioned three polymers without applied pressure.
Effect of Cyclosporin A, Rapamycin, and FK-506 on corneal epithelial cells and lymphocyte proliferation (1993)

The proliferation of corneal epithelial cells in vitro is relatively resistant to the addition of immunomodulating drugs to the cultures. Cyclosporin A, FK-506, and Rapamycin cause minimal or no inhibition of corneal epithelial cells proliferation in concentrations of up to 500 ng/ml. At concentrations of 5000 ng/ml, all drugs induce an inhibitory effect. In this system, Rapamycin induces the strongest inhibition in most cases. Nonetheless, a residual activity of more than 50% is recorded even at the highest concentrations. On the lymphocytes, both FK-506 and Rapamycin show marked inhibitory effects at 0.5 ng/ml, while CsA shows significant inhibition only at the level of 50 ng/ml or higher. These data can be interpreted to indicate a possible large therapeutic window (marked inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation at drug concentrations which do not have any effect on epithelial cell proliferation) of these drugs for topical use in external ocular diseases.