gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lonicerae Flos: A Review of Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities (2018)

Lonicerae flos, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used for several thousand years in China. As a famous traditional Chinese herbal medicine, it was used as heat-clearing drug and alexipharmic agent and was widely cultivated in Hunan province. L. flos mainly contains biologically active compounds such as caffeic acid derivatives, essential oil, flavonoids, iridoid glycosides and terpenoids. A range of biological activities has been reported from plant extracts including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, antiallergy, immunomodulating and antibacterial activity. In this study, the author investigated ancient books of TCM and nowadays reports, summarized the chemical constituents, biological activity of L. flos to provide a comprehensive systematic review.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax transactivates human interleukin 8 gene through acting concurrently on AP-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB-like sites. (1998)

The transactivator protein, Tax, from the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) transactivates both viral and cellular genes. Previously, we had shown that interleukin 8 (IL-8) is constitutively expressed in HTLV-I-infected cells and in cells transiently expressing Tax. We show here that the IL-8 promoter is Tax responsive in Jurkat T cells. Furthermore, using several deletion and mutated plasmids of the 5'-flanking regulatory region of the IL-8 gene linked to the luciferase gene as a reporter and mutant tax gene expression vectors, we have established that both AP-1 at -126 to -120 and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB-like cis-element at -80 to -71 are essential and sufficient for the induction of the IL-8 gene by HTLV-I Tax. In addition, overexpression of the dominant-negative mutants of NF-kappaB inhibitor molecules, IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta, abolished the Tax-induced activation of IL-8 gene. Gel mobility shift assays detected proteins specifically binding to the AP-1 and NF-kappaB-like sites in Tax-expressing T-cell lines infected with HTLV-I. Similarly, the nuclear translocation of proteins specifically bound to these two motifs was shown in JPX-9 cells, a subclone of Jurkat cells, carrying the Tax sequences under the control of an inducible promoter. Taken together, these results suggest that the cooperation of transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 is essential for transactivation of IL-8 gene by HTLV-I Tax.
Thermomechanical Stability of Polymer—Ceramic Composite Membranes (1995)

Abstract The mechanical stability of thin-film polymer—ceramic composite membranes has been evaluated in a variety of processing steps with temperatures ranging from 25 to 350°C. Although not measured in this work, references for similar materials indicate that the coefficients of thermal expansion for the two layers of the membrane are considerably different. Upon heating, this difference led to the development of thermally-induced stresses. These stress could be relieved if the membrane were heated in an unrestrained manner; however, they were sufficient to cause membrane failure if not relaxed. Heating to temperatures above the glass transition of the polymer resulted in defect formation in that layer due to flow into the ceramic support. These results indicate that, if properly handled, the membranes are sufficiently stable to be used over a wide range of temperatures. However, serious consideration must be given to these issues in the design of larger-scale devices.
Performance of OTDOA positioning in narrowband IoT systems (2017)

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular technology designed to target low-cost devices, high coverage, long device battery life (more than ten years), and massive capacity. We investigate opportunities for device tracking in NB-IoT systems using Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) measurements. Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) reports are simulated to be sent to the mobile location center periodically or on an on-demand basis. We investigate the possibility of optimizing the number of reports per minute budget on horizontal positioning accuracy using an on-demand reporting method based on the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the measured cells received by the User Equipment (UE). Wireless channels are modeled considering multipath fading propagation conditions. Extended Pedestrian A (EPA) and Extended Typical Urban (ETU) delay profiles corresponding to low and high delay spread environments, respectively, are simulated for this purpose. To increase the robustness of the filtering method, measurement noise outliers are detected using confidence bounds estimated from filter innovations.
High‐Resolution NMR Spectroscopy in Solids by Truly Magic‐Angle Spinning (2005)

Right angles: In solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra, the line widths of carbonyl carbon atoms in polycrystalline cholesteryl acetate are found to be as narrow as 0.039 ppm if the magic angle is adjusted very accurately, that is, within ±0.004° (see picture). The line broadening observed for slightly miss-set angles is mostly due to residual chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) interactions. Long spin-echo life times up to =3.6 s open the way to sophisticated NMR methods.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Studies of the Solution Chemistry of Metal Complexes. Part 22. (1986)

Abstract Potentiometrische und 1 H‐NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß Zn(II) mit dem Titeltripeptid in wäßriger Lösung bei physiologischem pH‐Wert zwei kinetisch stabile Komplexe bildet.
Theoretical Study of the Self-Assembly and Optical Properties of 1D Chains of Magnetic–Plasmonic Nanoparticles (2017)

A study is presented of the self-assembly and optical behavior of one-dimensional (1D) chains of colloidal magnetic–plasmonic core–shell Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles. The superparamagnetic core enables adaptive magnetophoretic control of the particles and provides interparticle coupling that drives the assembly process. The plasmonic shell provides unique optical and photothermal properties of assembled structures. Monte Carlo analysis and full-wave field theory are combined to investigate the self-assembly and optical properties of 1D chains, respectfully. The Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the particle volume fraction and surface charge can be tailored to control the formation, aggregation, and spacing of chains. The optical analysis shows that as a chain forms its absorption spectrum red shifts and asymptotically converges to that of an infinite chain. In addition, strong field enhancement occurs in the gaps between neighboring particles at plasmon resonance, while photothermal transduction is focused and enhanced within the center of the chain. The ability to adaptively control the magnetic and optical behavior of colloidal plasmonic particles using an external field opens up a host of opportunities for novel imaging, sensing, theranostic, and optofluidic applications. Moreover, while the theory is demonstrated for the analysis of 1D particle chains, the numerical methods readily extend to 2D and 3D assemblies of multilayered core–shell nanoparticles that have magnetic and plasmonic layers. As such, this approach is useful for the rational design of optically functional colloids and the bottom-up fabrication of nanostructured interfaces and media with novel magnetic and photonic functionality.
ICA based non-coherent QAM receiver architecture (2003)

For emerging wireless data applications, carrier phase extraction and I/Q mismatch are challenging parts of the receiver design. This paper proposes receiver architecture for detection of QAM signals that does not require estimation of the received signal phase and can be used in both superheterodyne and direct conversion approaches. A Simplified Independent Component Analysis (SICA) signal processing technique is developed and used to separate the components in the I and Q branches of the receiver. It is demonstrated that the proposed receiver is robust with respect to amplitude and phase mismatch of the local oscillator. The performance of the SICA QAM receiver architecture is illustrated through computer-based simulations.
GaN-based nanocolumn emitters and related technology (2008)

Self-assembled InGaN nanocolumn LEDs emitting from ultraviolet to red were fabricated on n-type (111) Si substrates by rf-MBE. To achieve homogenization of nanocolumns, Ti-mask selective area growth was developed to fabricate uniform arrays of GaN nanocolumns.
Field trial results on multi-user MIMO downlink OFDMA in typical outdoor scenario using proportional fair scheduling (2008)

In this paper we present rst real-time outdoor multi-user multi-antenna measurements based on system parameters close to 3GPP-Long Term Evolution. We demonstrate switching between various transmission modes in the downlink steered by a quantized feedback channel. Real time results show that an OFDMA proportional fair scheduler based on the quantized feedback achieves signi cant performance gains over a xed OFDM-TDMA system. However, the proportional fair scheduler results in user starvation periods in the event of correlated feedbacks. To this end, we formulate a downlink scheduling problem with zero-starvation as a short term fairness [5] objective. This is an integer programming (IP) problem. In this paper, we present a simple heuristic algorithm for this problem for K = 2 users. Significant system sum rate gains are shown while still fulfilling the fairness objective.
Potential short‐term earthquake forecasting by farm animal monitoring (2020)

Abstract Whether changes in animal behavior allow for short‐term earthquake predictions has been debated for a long time. Before, during and after the 2016/2017 earthquake sequence in Italy, we deployed bio‐logging tags to continuously observe the activity of farm animals (cows, dogs, and sheep) close to the epicenter of the devastating magnitude M6.6 Norcia earthquake (Oct–Nov 2016) and over a subsequent longer observation period (Jan–Apr 2017). Relating 5,304 (in 2016) and 12,948 (in 2017) earthquakes with a wide magnitude range (0.4 ≤ M ≤ 6.6) to continuously measured animal activity, we detected how the animals collectively reacted to earthquakes. We also found consistent anticipatory activity prior to earthquakes during times when the animals were in a building (stable), but not during their time on a pasture. We detected these anticipatory patterns not only in periods with high, but also in periods of low seismic activity. Earthquake anticipation times (1–20 hr) are negatively correlated with the distance between the farm and earthquake hypocenters. Our study suggests that continuous bio‐logging of animal collectives has the potential to provide statistically reliable patterns of pre‐seismic activity that could yield valuable insights for short‐term earthquake forecasting. Based on a priori model parameters, we provide empirical threshold values for pre‐seismic animal activities to be used in real‐time observation stations.
Toward a scale-out data-management middleware for low-latency enterprise computing (2013)

Emerging transactional workloads from Internet and mobile commerce require low-latency, massive-scale, and integrated data analytics to enhance user experience and to improve up-selling opportunities. These analytics require new application platforms that must be able to absorb large volumes of data, provide low-latency access to the data, and cache data objects to improve access times in distributed environments. This paper reports on recent technologies built at IBM Research to address challenges in data access latency, data ingestion, and caching in the exemplary context of an online product recommendation application. We describe three technologies related to the issues and optimizations of key-value data object store and access. First, we describe the architecture of a global secondary index to greatly improve data access latency of Hadoop™ Database (HBase™), an open-source key-value distributed data store. Second, we present an in-memory write-ahead log feature on HBase that significantly improves write operations for high-volume data ingestion. Third, we detail an innovative distributed caching system that exploits low-latency interconnects to use hash maps of data keys on each server for local lookup, while data resides and are accessed across clustered systems. The distributed cache can achieve a 100- to 1,000-fold performance gain over many caching methods. These technologies together form some necessary building blocks for a next-generation data-centric middleware for integrated transaction and analytic workloads.
Admission and Eviction Control of Cognitive Radio Users at Wi-Fi 2.0 Hotspots (2011)

Cognitive radio (CR)-based Wi-Fi 2.0 hotspots are introduced as an attractive application of dynamic spectrum access (DSA), at which a wireless service provider (WSP) leases licensed channels via secondary market and offers Internet access to CR-enabled customers by opportunistically utilizing the leased spectrum. The CR users access the channels only when they are temporarily unoccupied by their legacy users, and pay a usage charge according to the WSP's pricing policy. In this paper, we study the profit maximization problem of a WSP by deriving the (sub)optimal control of admission (at CR user arrivals) and eviction (upon return of the legacy users) of CR users. We formulate the problem as a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP) with two quality-of-service (QoS) constraints on arrival-blocking and service-dropping probabilities, which is solved by the linear programming techniques. Using an extensive numerical analysis, we show that the derived policy achieves up to 22.5-44 percent more profit than simple complete-sharing algorithms in the tested scenarios. In addition, we evaluate the impact of the number of leased channels and pricing on the achieved profit, and study the tradeoffs between the two QoS constraints.
New Results On Stochastic Consensus Networks (2015)

We revisit the general linear consensus problem and provide new conditions for asymptotic consensus on two types of stochastic versions of the algorithm, in discrete and continuous time. We show that our method unifies a number of proposed models in the literature as well as it extends and generalizes existing results.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III)‐Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Mediated Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides with Molecular Oxygen. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Negative regulation of p53 expression is an essential, rate-limiting function of Jun in the control of cell cycle progression (2000)

While advances in science and technology have increased options for treating breast cancer, current social trends have changed the way people deal with this disease.Women in the United States are no longer simply passive patients, but rather they are survivors, advocates and activists who are speaking up for themselves and speaking out for issues relevant to the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.As the discoveries of basic science have been translated to better clinical treatment, a new sense of hope has emerged.Quality of life now shares the spotlight with quantity of life as breast cancer has shifted from an acute to a chronic condition and as the numbers of long-term survivors increase.While this new population tends to have more optimistic expectations for survival, they are also expressing concerns about issues affecting their lives through and beyond treatment.These issues include, but are not limited to, such concerns as efficient and accurate diagnosis, the complexity of treatment decisions, access to quality cancer care, informed consent, privacy issues, availability of supportive care treatments, and effective communication skills, especially with their physicians.Survivors are also concerned about the impact of their disease on spouses and family, on fertility and sexuality issues, on their employment and (in the USA) insurability, and on their long-term survival.The identification of these increasing issues has given rise to a consumer movement that encourages a shift away from powerless victim to empowered survivor.Historically, breast cancer advocates asked for increased educational and supportive care resources.As the survivorship movement matured, new responsibilities and differing agendas arose amongst these groups.Some organizations defined their mission as one that would raise funds to support scientific research.Others felt compelled to raise awareness about early detection and treatment, controversial environmental issues, and prevention or risk reduction.A few organizations later entered the more political arenas and began lobbying for issues related to health care delivery, clinical trials access, and quality cancer care.Meanwhile, these many and varied missions are all helping to define an international agenda for breast cancer research and care, to guarantee the inclusion of consumer voices in most levels of decision-making, and to create partnerships between patients with breast cancer and the professionals who care for them.
Self-assembled quantum dot-bioconjugates: characterization and use for sensing proteolytic activity (2008)

We present a characterization of the metal-affinity driven self-assembly between luminescent CdSe-ZnS core-shell semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and either peptides or proteins appended with various length terminal polyhistidine tags. We first monitor the kinetics of self-assembly between surface-immobilized QDs and proteins/peptides under flow conditions (immobilized). To accomplish this, the QDs were immobilized onto functionalized substrates and then exposed to dye-labeled peptides/proteins. By using evanescent wave excitation of the substrate, self-assembly was assessed by monitoring the time-dependent changes in the dye fluorescence. This configuration was complemented with experiments using freely diffusing QDs and proteins/peptides (solution-phase) via energy transfer between QDs and dye-labeled proteins/peptides. Cumulatively, these measurements allowed determination of kinetic parameters, including association and dissociation rates (<i>k</i><sub>on</sub> and <i>k</i><sub>off</sub>) and the binding constant (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub>). We find that self-assembly is rapid with an equilibrium constant <i>K</i><sub>d</sub><sup>-1</sup> in the low nM. We next demonstrate the importance of understanding this self-assembly by creating QD-peptide bioconjugates which we employ as substrates to monitor the cleavage activity of proteolytic enzymes. This confirms that metal-affinity interactions can provide QD-bioconjugates that are functional and stable.
High-Harmonic Generation of Attosecond Pulses in the “Single-Cycle” Regime (1997)

High-harmonic generation with excitation pulses shorter than 25 fs is studied theoretically using a 3D model. For very short excitation pulses, a new regime of harmonic generation by a ``single-cycle'' of the driver pulse can be reached. In this regime, the temporal coherence of the adjacent harmonic orders is dramatically improved compared with longer excitation pulses, even though the discrete harmonic structure in the emission disappears. X-ray pulses as short as 100 attoseconds can be emitted, with increased conversion efficiency of laser-to-harmonic radiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Laser Flash Photolysis of 9‐Diazofluorene in Low‐Temperature Glasses (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular mapping and identification of soybean fatty acid modifier quantitative trait loci (2004)

Abstract Altering FA content in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil for improved functionality is a research goal of many soybean breeders. Several of the genes that alter palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids are modifier genes with small effects, causing these FA traits to act as quantitative traits. The objective of this study was to identify modifier FA quantitative trait loci (QTL) in soybean. A recombinant inbred line population was created from two prominent ancestors of currently available U.S. cultivars (Essex and Williams) and grown in five environments. One hundred simple sequence repeat markers spaced throughout the genome were mapped in this population. QTL were found for all five FA traits on the soybean linkage groups C2, D2, D1b, F, K, and L. A single marker interval on linkage group L contained the largest QTL for palmitic ( r 2 =13.1%), oleic ( r 2 =35.3%), linoleic ( r 2 =50.5%), and linolenic acids ( r 2 =24.8%); however, this interval also contained the gene for growth habit (Dt1) and was significantly associated with maturity. Other modifier QTL found in this study may be of use in marker‐assisted selection to enable breeders to increase genetic gains for desirable FA composition of soybean.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUKTUR UND DYNAMIK IN METALLTETRAHYDRIDOBORATEN 2. MITT. SCHWINGUNGSSPEKTREN UND STRUKTUREN VON UEBERGANGSMETALL‐ UND ACTINIDTETRAHYDRIDOBORATEN (1972)

Abstract Den untersuchten Verbindungen wurden aufgrund der IR‐ und Raman‐Spektren die Strukturen (I)‐(IV) zugeordnet.
Modeling Real-Time ECD during Transient Pumping and/or Tripping Using Time-Dependent Fluid Properties (2016)

Abstract Drilling operational parameters, such as pump rate, pipe tripping speed, and drilling fluid time-dependent rheological characteristics can impact wellbore pressure management and equivalent circulating density (ECD). It is important that ECD at any instant remain between fracture and pore pressure gradients (drilling window). This paper presents modeling ECD for transient wellbore conditions, which demonstrates the model predictions match pressure while drilling (PWD) measurements obtained from several wells. Drilling fluids exhibit time-dependent rheological response particularly at static or low-shear conditions. The fluids develop gel microstructure attributed to interaction between polymers, colloidal particles, and emulsion droplets. As pumping is initiated or pipe moved, ECD spikes occur because of the developed gel microstructure; then, the microstructure breaks down gradually with shearing. Understanding the mechanism of gel formation and breakdown under various shear, temperature, and pressure conditions improves accuracy of the ECD modeling for transient fluid characteristics. Pump rate can accelerate or decelerate during several operations (e.g., during pipe connections). Another operational parameter, tripping speed, can exhibit variation. For example, pipe speed can accelerate from static to the highest speed; then, decelerate to static. Furthermore, the fluid can be pumped during tripping operations to help manage wellbore pressure. In addition, such pumping helps speed up tripping; thus, saving rig time. The coupled effect of momentum change during these transient operational parameters in addition to time-dependent fluid properties on ECD response is investigated, exhibiting improved understanding of transient effects improves ECD modeling accuracy for such conditions. The developed models for ECD response were validated on several wells. Fluid properties, real-time pump rate, and tripping speed information were used as model inputs, while outputs were compared with PWD data obtained from the wells. With successful validation, these models can now be used for improved design of operational parameters and fluid characteristics for wellbore management.