gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analytical Solution for a Chip Temperature Distribution in a Multilayer Chip-Package with Thermal Warpage (2021)

With increasing processing capability and power consumption in multi-layered micro-electronic packages, efficient thermal management and structural integrity continue to remain crucial factors for ensuring package reliability. Effective and simple to implement analytical methods for temperature and warpage prediction are important tools to predict the thermo-mechanical performance of a package. While many existing analytical thermal models predict exact or approximate solutions [1], [2], they are computationally expensive for non-uniform power distributions and do not account for the effect of thermal warpage on the package thermal resistances and the temperature distribution. Similarly, existing methodologies for calculating the warpage or thermal stresses in bi- and multi-layer strip [3], [4] do not consider non-uniform power distribution on the chip surface.This paper presents an analytical solution for the temperature distribution in a multilayer chip-on-spreader package, combining the thermal warpage of the chip and package with the imposed uniform and non-uniform power distributions on the chip. An analytical solution is developed to calculate the warpage and the radius of curvature for a multilayer unlidded package as a result of mismatch in the thermal expansion of the package components as its temperature varies. The model is verified against Timoshenko's model for two layers and is found to be a match. The temperature distribution on the chip is calculated using an analytical method for an unwarped package [5] where the linear superposition principle is applied to an exact solution of heat transfer in the spreader, coupled with 1D heat conduction from the chip and the thermal interface material (TIM) to the spreader. The two methods are solved implicitly until a converged solution is reached. The temperature distribution and the warpage results are presented for 10 by 10 grid uniform and non-uniform power maps applied to the chip. The model predicts a significant change in the temperature distribution as a result of package warpage. The results are also reported for a 60 by 60 grid non-uniform power map representative of power dissipation in a server chip. A comparison between the analytical model and the numerical results is also presented and are found to be in good agreement.
Polymer catalysts. X. Vanadium complexes of bipyridine‐based polyureas for epoxidation of alkenes (1985)

Abstract In this article we report on the epoxidation of olefins with hydroperoxides in the presence of a polymer‐anchored vanadium catalyst. Incorporation of vanadium (V) into polar, bipyridine‐based polyureas and the evaluation of the activity and selectivity of the catalyst were investigated.
The Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on Changes in Masticatory Muscle Volume in Patients With Facial Asymmetry (2021)

The masseter muscle changes remarkably with orthognathic surgery and has a marked influence on the contours of the lower face. If the postoperative volume change of masticatory muscles, including the masseter muscles, can be predicted, it will facilitate preoperative planning and outcome prediction. This study investigated the association of masticatory muscle volume according to the presence or absence of facial asymmetry, and evaluated whether the volume of masticatory muscles, including that of the masseter muscle, changes after orthognathic surgery in facial asymmetry patients.Twenty patients who underwent LeFort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal segmentation ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) with facial asymmetry between 2011 and 2017 were assigned to the asymmetric group. Additionally, 207 patients with a simple nasal fracture between 2016 and 2019 were included as the common group. Threedimensional computed tomography images were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the asymmetric group and common group.The volume of both temporal and masseter muscles differed according to facial asymmetry, with the asymmetry in the muscle volume increasing in proportion to the degree of facial asymmetry. The difference in masseter volume on the shortened and lengthened sides was significantly reduced after orthognathic surgery, but a difference of about 1 cm 3 remained. Additionally, the masticatory muscle volume on the lengthened side tended to be decreased more than that on the shortened side.Consideration of the postoperative change in the volume of the masticatory muscles may be helpful in planning orthognathic surgery in facial asymmetry patients.
Using mobile agents for analyzing intrusion in computer networks (2001)

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune skin disease caused by chronic inflammation of hair follicles. Chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and lupus erythematosus can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between AA and heart diseases (HDs) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this retrospective cohort study to evaluate the risk of subsequent HDs in patients with AA. We reviewed 3770 cases of AA and from 18,850 age, sex, and income level-matched controls from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. In the subgroup analysis, patients who suffered from alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis, and ophiasis were designated as patients with severe AA and patients having the disease for over a year were designated as patients with long-standing AA. As a result, we found that AA was not associated with a higher risk of heart failure, angina pectoris, or myocardial infarction. There was no significant increase in the risk of overall HD associated with AA (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.93-1.48; p = 0.177). Neither the severity nor the duration of AA was related to an increased risk of HDs. During the study period, AA patients did not show a significantly higher cumulative incidence of HDs than controls (log-rank p = 0.157). In conclusion, AA does not increase the risk of HD.
Bayesian Policy Search for Stochastic Domains (2020)

AI planning can be cast as inference in probabilistic models, and probabilistic programming was shown to be capable of policy search in partially observable domains. Prior work introduces policy search through Markov chain Monte Carlo in deterministic domains, as well as adapts black-box variational inference to stochastic domains, however not in the strictly Bayesian sense. In this work, we cast policy search in stochastic domains as a Bayesian inference problem and provide a scheme for encoding such problems as nested probabilistic programs. We argue that probabilistic programs for policy search in stochastic domains should involve nested conditioning, and provide an adaption of Lightweight Metropolis-Hastings (LMH) for robust inference in such programs. We apply the proposed scheme to stochastic domains and show that policies of similar quality are learned, despite a simpler and more general inference algorithm. We believe that the proposed variant of LMH is novel and applicable to a wider class of probabilistic programs with nested conditioning.
Changing Course: Commercializing Canadian Airport, Port and Rail Governance- 1975 to 2000 (2016)

This thesis examines the historical public policy circumstances surrounding the Government of Canada’s decision to commercialize Canadian National (CN) Railways, as well as federal airports and ports over the period 1975 to 2000. Its focus is on testing one specific empirical hypothesis: That the commercialization of federal airport and port assets between 1975 and 2000 occurred primarily due to: (i) federal government concerns over the growing size of the national debt and deficit; and (ii) the emergence of the neoliberal ideology in Canada and its growing influence throughout federal policy making, as witnessed by the swift 1995 privatization of CN Railways.
Polymer Field Theories and Classical DFT: Applications to Polymer Brushes and Nanocomposites. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Shiga Toxins: Potent Poisons, Pathogenicity Determinants, and Pharmacological Agents (2005)

The Shiga toxins (Stxs), also known as Vero toxins and previously called Shiga-like toxins, are a family of potent protein synthesis inhibitors made by Shigella dysenteriae type 1 and some serogroups of Escherichia coli that cause bloody diarrhea in humans. Stxs act as virulence factors for both S. dysenteriae and E. coli and contribute to the disease process initiated by those organisms both directly and indirectly. A handful of methods exist for toxin purification, and the toxins can now even be purchased commercially. However, the Stxs are now classified as select agents, and specific rules govern the distribution of both the toxin and clones of the toxin. Toxin delivery into the host in S. dysenteriae type 1 is most likely aided by the invasiveness of that organism. Although the Stxs are made and produced by bacteria, they do not appear to act against either their host organism or other bacteria under normal circumstances, most likely because the A subunit is secreted from the cytoplasm as soon as it is synthesized and because the holotoxin cannot enter intact bacterial cells. The effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in patients infected with Stx-producing E. coli (STEC) such as O157:H7 as well as the potential risks of such treatment are areas of controversy. Several studies indicate that the course of the diarrhea stage of the disease is unaltered by antibiotic treatment. Several groups anticipate that a therapy that targets the Stxs is an important component of trying to alleviate disease caused by Stx-producing bacteria.
Divergent-beam backprojection-filtration formula with applications to region-of-interest imaging (2018)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐BENZAZEPINES. 8. ZEROVALENT NICKEL MEDIATED BIARYL SYNTHESIS OF AN ANXIOLYTIC PYRIMIDO(5,4‐D)(2)BENZAZEPINE (1984)

Abstract Aus dem Aminobenzoplnenon (I) erhält man über die Diazoniumverbindung mit Kaliumiodid und Iod in hoher Ausbeute das Iodbenzophenon (II I. Brom‐propionsäureester (III) wird mit Orthoester (IV) in Gegenwart von Zn zum Acetal (V) kondensiert und dann mit Thioharnstoff zu (VI) umgesetzt.
Supplementary Video 4 from p38γ Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Motility and Metastasis through Regulation of RhoC GTPase, Cytoskeletal Architecture, and a Novel Leading Edge Behavior (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AVI file - 546K&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure 5 from CCT244747 Is a Novel Potent and Selective CHK1 Inhibitor with Oral Efficacy Alone and in Combination with Genotoxic Anticancer Drugs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 36K, Supplementary Figure 5. Effects of acute CCT244747 administration on non-tumor bearing GEMM mouse body weights. CCT244747 was administered at a dose of 150mg/kg p.o. x 7days and mouse body weights were measured daily. Results are mean�SD body weights for 5 mice. There was no apparent body weight loss, toxicity or morbidity following this treatment and hemizygous MYC-N tumor bearing GEMM mice were therefore treated with 100mg/kg CCT244747 p.o. x 7 days (see Figure 5).&lt;/p&gt;
Predictive factors for the duration until return to work after surgery for work‐related rotator cuff syndrome: A prospective study of 92 workers (2021)

Several physical, psychological, and work-related factors, easily recorded, can be identified preoperatively. They may be predictive of delayed return, loss of employment, or employability as a result of shoulder surgery.
Mechanism and Transition-State Structures for Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Alkyne−Aldehyde Coupling Reactions (2009)

Mechanism and Transition-State Structures for Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Alkyne−Aldehyde Coupling Reactions
Ka‐band 1‐bit ultra‐thin reflective metasurface for generating vortex beams based on wideband polarization converter (2022)

A 1-bit ultra-thin (~λ/12) reflective metasurface is proposed to generate vortex beams, whose mechanism of realizing 1-bit phase quantization is based on wideband polarization converter (PC). A diamond-shaped patch is studied as the unit cell of PC, which has the properties of high polarization conversion transmission efficiency, simple structure, wideband, and ultra-thin. By employing the proposed PC and its mirror image, a stable 180° phase shift is realized over the bandwidth of 18–36 GHz. Phase distributions of vortex beams with different modes and the corresponding radiation patterns are calculated and simulated. Reflective metasurface employing the proposed unit cells are arranged according to the calculated phase distribution, and the microstrip quasi-Yagi antenna is used as the feed antenna to illuminate the metasurface to generate vortex electromagnetic waves. A prototype is fabricated and measured, verifying that vortex beams can be generated flexibly by the proposed design. The measured gain of the vortex beams reaches to 19.5 dBi with the narrow divergence angle of ±4°. The proposed 1-bit measurface is compact, ultra-thin and offers a new possibilities for vortex beams generation.
ChemInform Abstract: New Radical Reaction of S‐Alkoxycarbonyl Xanthates. Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Cinnamolide and (.+‐.)‐Methylenolactocin. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Novel Approach to Unknown Virus Detection in Clinical Samples. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Antiglycation, Antioxidant and Anti Lipid Peroxidation Activities of Microcephala lamelatta With Low Cytotoxic Effects In vitro (2012)

Non-enzymatic protein glycation, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are the fundamental processes which are closely associated with various biological disorders particularly diabetes and late diabetic complications. Plant Microcephala lamellata (Bunge) Pobed, is the member of family Asteraceae which is widely used as folk medicine. To the best of our knowledge there are no previous reports regarding antiglycation, anti lipid peroxidation, antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies of M. lamellata. In this study we prepared various fractions of M. lamellata and among all five tested fractions, ethyl acetate fraction exhibited a significant antioxidant activity (IC = 106.314±1.021 µg/mL) while crude methanolic extract showed moderate 50 antioxidant activity (IC =213.021±2.216 µg/mL) on 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging 50 assay. Ethyl acetate fraction and crude methanolic extract exhibited significant antiglycation activity with IC values = 165.594±2.732 and 235.712 ±3.238 µg/mL, respectively while on thiobarbeturic acid reactive 50 substance (TBARs) assay dichloro methane and crude methanolic extract showed 72.52% and 62.84% inhibition respectively. In cytotoxicity assay against mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells, dichloro methane fraction showed moderate toxicity with IC values = 12.367±0.56 µg/mL, while rest of the fractions were non-toxic on cytotoxicity 50 test with IC values greater than 30 µg/mL. In conclusion, the crude methanolic extract and ethyl acetate 50 fraction of M. lamellata are more active against protein glycation, free radicals and lipid peroxidation.
Creating an Agile Hardware Design Flow (2020)

Although an agile approach is standard for software design, how to properly adapt this method to hardware is still an open question. This work addresses this question while building a system on chip (SoC) with specialized accelerators. Rather than using a traditional waterfall design flow, which starts by studying the application to be accelerated, we begin by constructing a complete flow from an application expressed in a high-level domain-specific language (DSL), in our case Halide, to a generic coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA). As our under-standing of the application grows, the CGRA design evolves, and we have developed a suite of tools that tune application code, the compiler, and the CGRA to increase the efficiency of the resulting implementation. To meet our continued need to update parts of the system while maintaining the end-to-end flow, we have created DSL-based hardware generators that not only provide the Verilog needed for the implementation of the CGRA, but also create the collateral that the compiler/mapper/place and route system needs to configure its operation. This work provides a systematic approach for desiging and evolving high-performance and energy-efficient hardware-software systems for any application domain.
Search for Higgs boson pair production in the $$ \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $$ final state with 13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment (2018)

A bstract A search is performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $$ \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> final state. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model expectation is observed. The observed limit on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair cross-section is 0.73 pb at 95% confidence level. This observed limit is equivalent to 22 times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. The Higgs boson self-coupling ( κ λ = λ HHH / λ HHH SM ) is constrained at 95% confidence level to −8.2 &lt; κ λ &lt; 13.2. For resonant Higgs boson pair production through $$ X\to HH\to \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> , the limit is presented, using the narrow-width approximation, as a function of m X in the range 260 GeV &lt; m X &lt; 1000 GeV. The observed limits range from 1.1 pb to 0.12 pb over this mass range.
Multielectron transfer process for molecular conversions: Oxidative polymerization with vanadium catalysts (1996)

Abstract Multielectron transfer plays an important role in many chemical reactions. A collection of studies on metal complexes which exhibit one‐step multielectron transfer processes and on chemical reactions based on multielectron transfer systems is presented. Emphasis is placed on the role of multielectron transfer process as essential prerequisites for some molecular conversion systems such as the reduction of O 2 and the oxidation of H 2 O. As an important example of molecular conversion, oxidative polymerization of aromatic compounds through two‐electron transfer is also reviewed.
A dual-slot power-interface switch for PCMCIA controllers using a novel bi-directional switching concept, built in a 1 μm BiCMOS/DMOS power process (2002)

PCMCIA cards are used to add a variety of features to portable computers-modems, LANs, GPS, etc. Some means of switching power to the inserted PCMCIA card is required: this paper describes the design and process technology for a second-generation, single-chip, dual-slot PCMCIA power interface switch.
A radially interleaved sodium and proton coil array for brain MRI at 7 T (2021)

The objective of the current study was to design and build a dual-tuned coil array for simultaneous <sup>23</sup> Na/<sup>1</sup> H MRI of the human brain at 7 T. Quality factor, experimental B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> measurements, and electromagnetic simulations in prototypes showed that setups consisting of geometrically interleaved <sup>1</sup> H and <sup>23</sup> Na loops performed better than or similar to <sup>1</sup> H or <sup>23</sup> Na loops in isolation. Based on these preliminary findings, we built a transmit/receive eight-channel <sup>23</sup> Na loop array that was geometrically interleaved with a transmit/receive eight-channel <sup>1</sup> H loop array. We assessed the performance of the manufactured array with mononuclear signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> measurements, along with multinuclear magnetic resonance fingerprinting maps and images. The <sup>23</sup> Na array within the developed dual-tuned device provided more than 50% gain in peripheral SNR and similar B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> uniformity and coverage as a reference birdcage coil of similar size. The <sup>1</sup> H array provided good B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> uniformity in the brain, excluding the cerebellum and brain stem. The integrated <sup>23</sup> Na and <sup>1</sup> H arrays were used to demonstrate truly simultaneous quantitative <sup>1</sup> H mapping and <sup>23</sup> Na imaging.
100k Cycles and Beyond: Extraordinary Stability for Au@MnO2 core@Shell nanowires Imparted By Gel Electrolyte (2016)

Nanowire electrodes for batteries and super-capacitors can produce superior power relative to films of the same materials. But the Achilles Heel of nanowires is their susceptibility to degradation and failure. This is particularly true for materials that employ Faradaic reactions requiring ion insertion/deinsertion for energy storage. Here we describe the preparation of arrays of ultra-long (2.5 mm) Gold@δ-MnO 2 , core@shell nanowires. Gold@δ-MnO 2 nanowires are prepared on glass surfaces using a variant of the Lithographically Patterned Nanowire Electrodeposition process. All nanowire capacitors prpared from these ultra-long nanowires produce state-of-the-art metrics for energy and power in MnO 2 -based systems, but they demonstrate irreversible capacity loss exceeding 20% in ≈4000 - 8000 cycles. This cycle stability nevertheless represents the state-of-the-art for MnO 2 based electrodes. Now we have discovered that the addition of poly(methylmethacrylate)(PMMA) to the propylene carbonate (PC) electrolyte extends cycle stability to 100,000 cycles and beyond. Other energy storage metrics of these systems are not degraded by the PMMA. In this talk, I describe the results of our experiments, and present data on the charactrerization of these Gold@δ-MnO 2 nanowire systems in PC electrolyte and PC electrolyte containing PMMA, before and after cycling.
Conductive Adhesives (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Motivation for Using Conductive Adhesives Fundamentals about Conductive Adhesives Materials ACA Bonding Process Description Reliability Key Applications Important Issues in ACA Applications References
Rechargeable Li-S Battery with Specific Energy 350 Wh/kg and Specific Power 3000 W/kg. (2008)

Rate capability improvements of Li-S cells are reported. The main goal of this work, to achieve the maximum high power benefit from the liquid polysulfide cathode system, was realized. Higher rate capability has been achieved through reduction of the electrode stack Area Specific Resistance (ASR) to below 10 Ohm*cm2, contact design improvements, and better current distribution uniformity along the electrodes and current collectors. Maximal specific power delivered by 2.5 Ah cells at 30 A pulses was 3500 W/kg. At a continuous discharge, with specific power at ~1500 W/kg, the 2.5 Ah cells delivered specific energy in excess of 200 Wh/kg.
Low threshold, compressively-strained InAsP/InGaAsP and strain-compensated InAsP/InGaP 1.3 µm lasers grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy (1997)

1.3 µm wavelength strain-compensated InAsP/InGaP/InGaAsP/InP and compressively-strained InAsP/InGaAsP/InP separate confinement heterostructure multiquantum well lasers grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy are demonstrated for the first time. Record low threshold current densities of 210 A/cm2 for 2 mm long broad-area compressively-strained lasers were obtained.