gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel self assembling nanoparticles for the oral administration of fondaparinux: Synthesis, characterization and in vivo evaluation (2014)

Fondaparinux (Fpx) is the anticoagulant of choice in the treatment of short- and medium-term thromboembolic disease. To overcome the low oral bioavailability of Fpx, a new nanoparticulate carrier has been developed. The nanoparticles (NPs) contain squalenyl derivatives, known for their excellent oral bioavailability. They spontaneously self-assemble upon both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the polyanionic Fpx and cationic squalenyl (CSq) derivatives. The preparation conditions were optimized to obtain monodisperse, stable NPs with a mean diameter in the range of 150-200 nm. The encapsulation efficiencies were around 80%. Fpx loadings reached 39 wt.%. According to structural and morphological analysis, Fpx and CSq organized in spherical multilamellar ("onion-type") nanoparticles. Furthermore, in vivo studies in rats suggested that Fpx was well absorbed from the orally administered NPs, which totally dissociated when reaching the blood stream, leading to the release of free Fpx. The Fpx:CSq NPs improved the plasmatic concentration of Fpx in a dose-dependent manner. However, the oral bioavailability of these new NPs remained low (around 0.3%) but of note, the Cmax obtained after oral administration of 50mg/kg NPs was close to the prophylactic plasma concentration needed to treat venous thromboembolism. Moreover, the oral bioavailability of Fpx could be dramatically increased up to 9% by including the nanoparticles into gastroresistant capsules. This study opens up new perspectives for the oral administration of Fpx and paves the way towards elaborating squalene-based NPs which self assemble without the need of covalently grafting the drug to Sq.
Fabrication and characterization of pseudo-spin-MOSFET (2009)

Recently spin-transistors receive considerable attention as a highly-functional building block of future integrated circuits. In order to realize spin-transistors, it is essential that technology of efficient spin injection/detection for semiconductor channel is established. However, this is not so easy challenge owing to ferromagnet/semiconductor-interface-related several problems. In this paper, we demonstrate pseudo-spin-MOSFET (PS-MOSFET) architecture that is a new circuit approach using an ordinary MOSFET and magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) to reproduce the functions of spin transistors.
Modelling Pb and Cd bioaccumulation in Gammarus pulex: Application to realistic environmental conditions and consideration of water chemistry (2014)

Since Pb and Cd are both non-biodegradable and non-essential, they represent a serious threat for aquatic ecosystems. Metal determination in aquatic organisms such as gammarids offers encouraging perspective to monitor water quality. However, metal uptake in organisms may be influenced by water cationic composition because of competition processes on biological binding sites. The development of bioaccumulation models constitutes promising tools to quantify metal bioavailability and predict metal impact on aquatic ecosystems. In order to arise such models, it is necessary to formalize the abilities of organisms to regulate metals and water chemistry effects in controlled conditions. However, what is the environmental relevance of experimentally derived models to predict bioaccumulation in field conditions?
Composition and chemical variability of the needle essential oil of Pinus nigra subsp. laricio from corsica (2001)

Abstract The composition of 123 samples of needle essential oil of individual trees of Pinus nigra subsp. laricio from Corsica was investigated by GC and 13 C‐NMR. α‐Pinene, manoyl oxide, germacrene‐D, myrcene, ( E )‐caryophyllene and limonene were found to be the main constituents. The results were submitted to principal components analysis and K‐means partitioning which allowed two groups of essential oils to be identified with respect to their content of α‐pinene, manoyl oxide and germacrene‐D. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Adhesion force mesurement between silicon and carbon nanotubes synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (2009)

This paper reports on an evaluation of the adhesion force between silicon and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were directly synthesized on a silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). CNTs bridging between silicon tips were pushed with a force-sensing cantilever to break the adhesion between silicon and CNTs. We measured the force acting on the cantilever at the moment of breaking the adhesion between silicon and CNTs. This force was measured to be 28 nN.
A randomised controlled trial of intravenous dexmedetomidine added to dexamethasone for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and duration of interscalene block (2022)

Prolongation of peripheral nerve blockade by intravenous dexamethasone may be extended by intravenous dexmedetomidine. We randomly allocated 122 participants who had intravenous dexamethasone 0.15 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> before interscalene brachial plexus block for day-case arthroscopic rotator cuff repair to intravenous saline (62 participants) or intravenous dexmedetomidine 1 μg.kg<sup>-1</sup> (60 participants). The primary outcome was time from block to first oral morphine intake during the first 48 postoperative hours. Fifty-nine participants reported taking oral morphine, 25/62 after placebo and 34/60 after dexmedetomidine, p = 0.10. The time to morphine intake was shorter after dexmedetomidine, hazard ratio (95%CI) 1.68 (1.00-2.82), p = 0.049. Median (IQR [range]) morphine doses were 0 (0-12.5 [0-50]) mg after control vs. 10 (0-30 [0-50]) after dexmedetomidine, a difference (95%CI) of 7 (0-10) mg, p = 0.056. There was no effect of dexmedetomidine on pain at rest or on movement. Intra-operative hypotension was recorded for 27/62 and 50/60 participants after placebo vs. dexmedetomidine, respectively, p < 0.001. Other outcomes were similar, including durations of sensory and motor block. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine shortened the time to oral morphine consumption after interscalene block combined with dexamethasone and caused intra-operative hypotension.
Gelatin-Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network with pH-Sensitive Swelling and Enzyme-Degradable Properties for Oral Drug Delivery (1997)

The study examined the effect of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) molecular weight and concentration in a gelatin-PEO semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) on the swelling behavior and enzyme-induced degradation in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7.2) at 37°C. Gelatin-PEO semi-IPN with PEO of molecular weight 1,000,000 daltons (1.0 M) at 20% (w/w) concentration had a higher swelling ratio in SGF as compared to SIF. In addition, the pH-sensitive swelling behavior was influenced by the concentration of incorporated PEO of 1.0 M molecular weight in the semi-IPN. The time required for complete hydrogel degradation in pepsin-containing SGF and pancreatin-containing SIF by surface erosion was also dependent on the molecular weight and concentration of PEO. Complete degradation of control gelatin hydrogels in SIF occurred in 2 hr. In contrast, complete degradation of gelatin-PEO semi-IPN in pancreatin-containing SIF occurred in less than 1 hr. Although no difference in riboflavin release kinetics was observed between gelatin and gelatin-PEO hydrogels, there was a marked effect in drug release in the presence of enzymes. In pancreatin-containing SIF, for instance, the total riboflavin load was released in 8 hr from gelatin-PEO semi-IPN. Surface degradation of the hydrogel decreases the diffusional path length of the drug for faster release as the gel degrades. By varying the PEO molecular weight and amount in gelatin-PEO semi-IPN, it is possible to design hydrogels for site-specific oral delivery in the stomach and upper intestine.
MnasFPN: Learning Latency-aware Pyramid Architecture for Object Detection on Mobile Devices (2019)

Despite the blooming success of architecture search for vision tasks in resource-constrained environments, the design of on-device object detection architectures have mostly been manual. The few automated search efforts are either centered around non-mobile-friendly search spaces or not guided by on-device latency. We propose MnasFPN, a mobile-friendly search space for the detection head, and combine it with latency-aware architecture search to produce efficient object detection models. The learned MnasFPN head, when paired with MobileNetV2 body, outperforms MobileNetV3+SSDLite by 1.8 mAP at similar latency on Pixel. It is also both 1.0 mAP more accurate and 10% faster than NAS-FPNLite. Ablation studies show that the majority of the performance gain comes from innovations in the search space. Further explorations reveal an interesting coupling between the search space design and the search algorithm, and that the complexity of MnasFPN search space may be at a local optimum.
High energy focused shock wave therapy accelerates bone healing (2015)

Shock wave therapy applied immediately and two weeks postoperatively led to more advanced bone healing at the eight week time point in this study population. The results of this study support the use of electro-hydraulic SWT as a means of accelerating acute bone healing of canine osteotomies. Additional studies are needed to evaluate its use for acceleration of bone healing following fracture, or with delayed union.
Redox Responsive Release of Hydrophobic Self-Healing Agents from Polyaniline Capsules (2013)

Redox-responsive nanocapsules consisting of conductive polyaniline and polypyrrole shells were successfully synthesized by using the interface of miniemulsion droplets as a template for oxidative polymerizations. The redox properties of the capsules were investigated by optical spectroscopies, electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Self-healing (SH) chemicals such as diglycidyl ether or dicarboxylic acid terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-DE or PDMS-DC) were encapsulated into the nanocapsules during the miniemulsion process and their redox-responsive release was monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The polyaniline capsules exhibited delayed release under oxidation and rapid release under reduction, which make them promising candidates for anticorrosion applications.
Genome Editing for Sustainable Agriculture in Africa (2022)

Sustainable intensification of agriculture in Africa is essential for accomplishing food and nutritional security and addressing the rising concerns of climate change. There is an urgent need to close the yield gap in staple crops and enhance food production to feed the growing population. In order to meet the increasing demand for food, more efficient approaches to produce food are needed. All the tools available in the toolbox, including modern biotechnology and traditional, need to be applied for crop improvement. The full potential of new breeding tools such as genome editing needs to be exploited in addition to conventional technologies. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas)-based genome editing has rapidly become the most prevalent genetic engineering approach for developing improved crop varieties because of its simplicity, efficiency, specificity, and easy to use. Genome editing improves crop variety by modifying its endogenous genome free of any foreign gene. Hence, genome-edited crops with no foreign gene integration are not regulated as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in several countries. Researchers are using CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing for improving African staple crops for biotic and abiotic stress resistance and improved nutritional quality. Many products, such as disease-resistant banana, maize resistant to lethal necrosis, and sorghum resistant to the parasitic plant Striga and enhanced quality, are under development for African farmers. There is a need for creating an enabling environment in Africa with science-based regulatory guidelines for the release and adoption of the products developed using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. Some progress has been made in this regard. Nigeria and Kenya have recently published the national biosafety guidelines for the regulation of gene editing. This article summarizes recent advances in developments of tools, potential applications of genome editing for improving staple crops, and regulatory policies in Africa.
Slip‐rolling resistance of ta‐C and a‐C coatings up to 3,000 MPa of maximum Hertzian contact pressure (2012)

Abstract The slip‐rolling resistances of hard and stiff thin films under high Hertzian contact pressures can be improved by optimizing the “coating/substrate systems”. It is known from former investigations that the so‐called “egg‐shell” effect is no general hindrance for high slip‐rolling resistance of thin hard coatings. The coating stability depends more on specific deposition process and coating/substrate interface design. In this article it is experimentally shown, that pure amorphous carbon thin films with hardness between 15 and 63 GPa can be slip‐rolling resistant several million load cycles under a maximum Hertzian contact pressures of up to 3.0 GPa. Whereas all coatings were stable up to 10 million load cycles in paraffin oil at room temperature, reduced coating lifetime was found in SAE 0W‐30 engine oil at 120°C. It was shown how the coating hardness and the initial coating surface roughness influence the running‐in process and coating lifetime. No clear correlation between coating hardness and coating lifetime could be observed, but friction coefficients seem to be reduced with higher coating hardness. Very low friction down to ˜0.03 in unmodified engine oils was found for the hardest ta‐C film.
Extracellular matrix induces tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion by an interaction between resting rat CD4+ T cells and macrophages. (1993)

T lymphocytes and macrophages (M phi) have been seen to accumulate at sites of lesions in blood vessel walls, suggesting that these cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory reactions. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine produced by both M phi and T lymphocytes, plays a major role in inflammatory reactions, blood vessel formation, thrombosis and atherosclerosis. We now report that secretion of TNF-alpha by cloned CD4+ rat T cells, and to a lesser degree by peripheral T cells, and M phi can be induced in vitro in the absence of antigen, in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-independent manner by integrin-mediated recognition of immobilized components of extracellular matrix such as fibronectin and laminin; the secretion of TNF-alpha by the interacting resting cells on fibronectin was partially abrogated by the presence of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing amino acid sequence. This T cell-M phi interaction involves CD2 and CD4 molecules and requires a signal transduced in the T cells by a protein tyrosine kinase. Thus, a multicellular interaction with extracellular matrix protein exposed as a consequence of vascular wall injury can serve to signal the secretion of TNF-alpha which induces the recruitment of additional immune cells to the developing lesion.
Optical properties of the thermochromic compounds disilver tetraiodomercurate(2-) and dicopper tetraiodomercurate(2-) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptical properties of the thermochromic compounds disilver tetraiodomercurate(2-) and dicopper tetraiodomercurate(2-)Huey Rong C. Jaw, Margaret M. Mooney, Thomas Novinson, William C. Kaska, and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 9, 1387–1391Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00256a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00256a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Exploratory Clinical Trial of (4<i>S</i>)-4-(3-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate for Imaging x<sub>C</sub><sup>−</sup> Transporter Using Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung or Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; (4&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;)-4-(3-[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate (BAY 94-9392, alias [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG) is a new tracer to image x&lt;sub&gt;C&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; transporter activity with positron emission tomography (PET). We aimed to explore the tumor detection rate of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG in patients relative to 2-[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FDG). The correlation of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG uptake with immunohistochemical expression of x&lt;sub&gt;C&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; transporter and CD44, which stabilizes the xCT subunit of system x&lt;sub&gt;C&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;, was also analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10) or breast cancer (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 5) who had a positive [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FDG uptake were included in this exploratory study. PET images were acquired following injection of approximately 300 MBq [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG. Immunohistochemistry was done using xCT- and CD44-specific antibody.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG PET showed high uptake in the kidney and pancreas with rapid blood clearance. [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG identified all 10 NSCLC and three of the five breast cancer lesions that were confirmed by pathology. [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG detected 59 of 67 (88%) [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FDG lesions in NSCLC, and 30 of 73 (41%) in breast cancer. Seven lesions were additionally detected only on [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG in NSCLC. The tumor-to-blood pool standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio was not significantly different from that of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FDG in NSCLC; however, in breast cancer, it was significantly lower (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). The maximum SUV of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG correlated significantly with the intensity of immunohistochemical staining of x&lt;sub&gt;C&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; transporter and CD44 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG seems to be a promising tracer with a relatively high cancer detection rate in patients with NSCLC. [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG PET may assess x&lt;sub&gt;C&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; transporter activity in patients with cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5427–37. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Pattern of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Failure Dictates the Probability of a Positive Bone Scan in Patients With an Increasing PSA After Radical Prostatectomy (2005)

Trigger PSA, PSA velocity, and slope were associated with a positive BS. A highly discriminating nomogram can be used to select patients according to their risk for a positive scan. Omitting scans in low-risk patients could reduce substantially the number of scans ordered.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF MONOMERIC NIOBIUM‐ AND TANTALUM‐BENZYNE COMPLEXES AND THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF TA(η5‐C5ME5)(C6H4)ME2 (1979)

Abstract Der Ta‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit Diphenylzink zu dem Benzynkomplex (II).
miRNA profile and advanced stage endometrial cancer (2008)

5561 Objective: To determine the miRNA profile for advanced versus early stage endometrial cancer Methods: 140 patients with primary stage I, III and IV endometrial cancer were identified from our database. RNA was extracted from the tumor samples using specified instructions. The integrity of the RNA was assessed using gel electrophoresis. The samples of RNA were arrayed onto a microchip using previously described methods. The microRNA (miRNA) microarray chip contains hundreds of human and mouse miRNA probes in triplicate. Hybridization was detected using a biotin binding to streptavidin-alexa complex. The identification of the miRNA signatures was performed using the quantile normalization method and leave-one-out method cross validation procedure. Results: The miRNA profile of stage I endometrial tumors was previously described. A profile was created that could differentiate between normal and tumor specimens with 90% accuracy. Twenty stage I tumors were subsequently re-analyzed on a later version of the Affymetrix chip and compared to 20 stage III/IV samples. A miRNA profile was identified that could correctly differentiate between early and advanced stage tumor with a mean value of 94.5% (SD=.02). Additionally, fourteen mirs were identified that showed greater than a 3-fold expansion or reduction in expression (p<.001). These miRNAs included the mir-125, let-7 and 26 families. When the advanced stage tumors were examined as a subset, mir-199a1 was significantly over- expressed in a subset of patients who demonstrated improved overall survival. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the miRNA profile can accurately predict early versus late stage tumors as well as a potential association of a single miRNA with improved outcome. Ideally, potential downstream targets of miRNAs over-expressed in advanced stage tumors would include putative tumor suppressor genes. Future experiments are needed to further delineate the molecular fingerprint of early versus advanced stage endometrial cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Solving an MRI spin relaxometry problem with parallel computing (2005)

MRI spin relaxometry is the process of recovering the spin density spectrum from the time samples of the spin signal for each pixel of a magnetic resonance image. Since healthy tissue exhibits different spin relaxation rates from diseased tissue, MRI spin relaxometry potentially has utility for diagnosing disease. However, recovering the spin relaxation rates involves solving an inverse problem which requires substantial computation. The computation's running time can be reduced by processing the pixels in parallel on a parallel computer. A parallel program for solving the MRI spin relaxometry problem, SRSolve, was implemented in Java with MPI, its running time was measured on a 32-processor cluster parallel computer, and its performance was compared to the CONTIN program. CONTIN required about 44 sec on the average to solve one pixel and about 3600 sec to solve an entire 64x64-pixel test image (with 2,597 unmasked pixels) on the parallel computer. SRSolve required 3.04 sec on the average to solve one pixel and 263 sec to solve the entire image on the parallel computer.