gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die Verwendung immobilisierter Template: eine neue Methode zum molekularen Prägen (2000)

Auf Kieselgel als festem Träger sind die Templatmoleküle bei einem neuen Ansatz zum molekularen Prägen von Polymeren durch nichtkovalente Wechselwirkungen immobilisiert. Polymerisierbare Monomere, die funktionelle Gruppen enthalten, ordnen sich um das Templat (hier Theophyllin) herum an (siehe Bild). Nach der Polymerisation wird der feste Kieselgelträger durch Auflösen in HF „geopfert”︁. Das zurückbleibende Polymer weist eine spezifische Bindungskapazität für Theophyllin, nicht aber für verwandte Verbindungen wie Theobromin und Coffein auf. Dabei sind alle Bindungsstellen einheitlich ausgerichtet und an der Polymeroberfläche lokalisiert.
Radiomic features for prostate cancer detection on MRI differ between the transition and peripheral zones: Preliminary findings from a multi‐institutional study (2016)

3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:184-193.
[Distribution and function of dopamine D1, D2 receptor]. (2007)

Positron emission tomography (PET) techniques have made it possible to measure changes in target molecular in living human brain. PET can be used to investigate various brain functions such as receptors, transporters, enzymes and various biochemical pathways; therefore, it could be a powerful tool for molecular imaging of functional neurotransmission. Since dopamine is an important molecule for pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, we reviewed in vivo imaging studies focusing on dopaminergic transmission. Dopamine D2 receptor occupancy by antipsychotics and it's time-course have been measured using PET. This approach can provide in vivo pharmacological evidences of antipsychotics and establish the rational therapeutic strategy. PET is a powerful tool not only in the field of brain research but also drug discovery. On the other hand Dopamine D1 receptor is highly expressed in the prefrontal cortex, has been implicated in the control of working memory, seeking, craving, reward. We propose that dysfunction of Dopamine D1 receptor signalling in the prefrontal cortex may contribute to the negative symptoms and cognitive deficits seen in schizophrenia and we suggest that Dopamine D1 receptor binding and cerebral blood flow changes in ventral striatum play the important role of cigarette craving.
Inhibited Cytotoxic Leukocyte Activity in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Following Exposure to Immunotoxic Chemicals (1999)

The measure of the ability of cytotoxic immune cells to target and lyse foreign cells has been widely used as a predictor of im-munosuppression in chemical-exposed rodents. However, the efficacy of this function for predicting immunosuppressive chemical exposure in nonrodent species remains unknown. In the present report, tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to 9 chemical agents known to inhibit rodent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in mice, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD), dimethyl-nitrosamine (DMN), cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ), azathioprine (AZA), T 2 mycotoxin (T2 toxin), hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane), and diethylstilbesterol(DES); and five chemical agents which do not inhibit this response, oxymethalone, acetonitrile, tert-butylhydro-quinone (TBHQ), toluene, and formaldehyde. Eight of the nine agents which inhibit rodent CTL responses also caused decreased cytolytic responses in fish. All five of the compounds with negative CTL effects in rodents were also negative in fish. Thus, 13 of the 14 chemical agents tested gave similar results in fish as reported in rodents, indicating a comparable pattern of inhibited immune cell cytolytic responses in chemical-exposed tilapia to that seen in the laboratory rodent models.
Improving Volume Status by Comprehensive Dietary and Dialytic Sodium Management in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients (2010)

Chronic volume overload is highly prevalent in chronic hemodialysis patients and leads to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and increased hospitalization and mortality rates. Volume overload is caused primarily by a positive sodium balance and can be improved by sodium restriction. The main sources of sodium excess are a high-sodium diet in the interdialytic period and a positive sodium balance during dialysis. Here we discuss different approaches to achieve neutral or negative sodium balance, including reducing dietary sodium intake, individualizing dialysate sodium prescription, abandonment of sodium profiling, and reducing saline infusion for treatment of intradialytic symptoms and as part of dialyzer rinsing and priming procedures. All of these approaches should be combined for a maximal reduction of volume overload.
Grouping genetic algorithms and line layout problems : from academic case studies to industriy-related problems (2000)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Lack of association between alcohol‐dependence and D3 dopamine receptor gene in three independent samples (1995)

Numerous studies on the involvement of dopamine receptors in the genetics of alcoholism focused on associations between a polymorphism of the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene and alcohol dependence. However, the results of these studies are conflicting. Another receptor, the D3 dopamine receptor (DRD3), may be of additional interest since it is specifically located in the limbic area, and in particular in the nucleus accumbens which plays a significant role in the reward process of addiction behavior. We thus tested the association in three independent samples of alcoholic patients, with different origins and various inclusion criteria. No difference in the DRD3 gene polymorphism emerged between controls and alcoholic patients, regardless of their origin, inclusion criteria, or presence or absence of the DRD2 TaqI A1-allele. Despite the fact that more information could have been considered and that association studies provide limited information, there is good evidence that this DRD3 polymorphism does not play a major role in the genetic component of alcoholism.
Wireless Nuclear Instrumentation (2017)

In this chapter, the dipole coil inductive power transfer system (IPTS) is applied to a special purpose instrumentation. A highly reliable power and communication system that guarantees the protection of essential instruments in a nuclear power plant (NPP) under a severe accident is explained. Both power and communication lines are established with not only conventional wired channels but also the proposed wireless channels for an emergency reserve. An IPTS is selected due to its robust power transfer characteristics under high temperature, high pressure, and highly humid environments with a number of scattered debris after a severe accident. A thermal insulation box and a glass-fiber reinforced plastic box are proposed to protect the essential instruments, including vulnerable electronic circuits, from extremely high temperatures of up to 627 ˚C and pressure of up to 5 bar. The proposed wireless power and communication system is experimentally verified by an IPTS prototype having a dipole coil structure and prototype Zigbee modules over a 7 m distance, where both the thermal insulation box and the glass-fiber reinforced plastic box are fabricated and tested using a high-temperature chamber. Moreover, an experiment on the effects of a high radiation environment on various electronic devices is conducted based on the radiation test having a maximum accumulated dose of 27 Mrad. This chapter is based on the paper by B.H. Choi, G.C. Jang, S.M. Shin, S.I. Lee, H.K. Kang, and C.T. Rim, “Development of highly reliable power and communication system for essential instruments under severe accidents in NPP,” Nuclear Engineering and Technology, available online, 3 May 2016.
A Synthetic Lethality Screen Using a Focused siRNA Library to Identify Sensitizers to Dasatinib Therapy for the Treatment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2015)

Molecular targeted therapies have been the focus of recent clinical trials for the treatment of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The majority have not fared well as monotherapies for improving survival of these patients. Poor bioavailability, lack of predictive biomarkers, and the presence of multiple survival pathways can all diminish the success of a targeted agent. Dasatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the Src-family kinases (SFK) and in preclinical studies shown to have substantial activity in EOC. However, when evaluated in a phase 2 clinical trial for patients with recurrent or persistent EOC, it was found to have minimal activity. We hypothesized that synthetic lethality screens performed using a cogently designed siRNA library would identify second-site molecular targets that could synergize with SFK inhibition and improve dasatinib efficacy. Using a systematic approach, we performed primary siRNA screening using a library focused on 638 genes corresponding to a network centered on EGFR, HER2, and the SFK-scaffolding proteins BCAR1, NEDD9, and EFS to screen EOC cells in combination with dasatinib. We followed up with validation studies including deconvolution screening, quantitative PCR to confirm effective gene silencing, correlation of gene expression with dasatinib sensitivity, and assessment of the clinical relevance of hits using TCGA ovarian cancer data. A refined list of five candidates (CSNK2A1, DAG1, GRB2, PRKCE, and VAV1) was identified as showing the greatest potential for improving sensitivity to dasatinib in EOC. Of these, CSNK2A1, which codes for the catalytic alpha subunit of protein kinase CK2, was selected for additional evaluation. Synergistic activity of the clinically relevant inhibitor of CK2, CX-4945, with dasatinib in reducing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis was observed across multiple EOC cell lines. This overall approach to improving drug efficacy can be applied to other targeted agents that have similarly shown poor clinical activity.
Molekülstruktur von C5H5Mn(Co)2[(C6H5)2 CCO] — „out‐of‐plane”‐Deformation des Diphenylketen‐Liganden (1976)

Strukturparameter eines komplex gebundenen Keten‐Moleküls wurden erstmals durch Röntgenanalyse ermittelt. Danach ist das Heterocumulen‐Gerüst im Komplex nicht mehr linear, die CC‐Doppelbindung ist länger als im freien Keten und die Abstände der beiden C‐Atome vom Metall sind verschieden. magnified image
Unique, common, and interacting cortical correlates of thirst and pain (2006)

This study used positron-emission tomography to establish the patterns of brain activity involved in the isolated and concurrent experiences of thirst and pain. Ten subjects were scanned while experiencing pain evoked with noxious pressure, while experiencing thirst after the infusion of hypertonic saline, and while experiencing pain when thirsty. After the onset of thirst, noxious pressure evoked more intense sensations of pain. Noxious pressure did not change subjective ratings of thirst. Thirst caused activation in the anterior cingulate (Brodmann area 32) and the insula. Enhanced pain responses were associated with increased activity in cortical regions that are known to correlate with pain intensity, and also with unique activity in the pregenual anterior cingulate and ventral orbitofrontal cortex. These findings suggest a role for limbic and prefrontal cortices in the modulation of pain during the experience of thirst.
Interactions of macromolecules with the mammalian cell surface (1995)

The characterisation of fluoresceinphosphatidylethanolamine (FPE) as a real-time indicator of the electrostatic nature of the cell membrane surface is described. The conditions appropriate for the labelling of cell membranes and the implementation of FPE as a tool to monitor the interactions of various proteins and peptides with membranes are outlined. Some complications attributed to the erythrocyte glycocalyx are examined. In addition it is shown using neuraminidase as an example, that some types of enzyme-catalysed reactions on the cell surface may be monitored in real time. It is also shown that information concerning the binding of several proteins such as serum albumin and monoclonal antibodies are accessible with this technique. The albumin in particular is shown to exhibit a saturation of binding, the analysis of which indicates that the dissociation constant for erythrocytes was determined to be 8 microM and for lymphocytes to be almost 3 microM. On the basis of this comparison together with artificial membranes, the membrane protein components of the lymphocyte surface are implicated in the binding of albumin or the erythrocyte membrane proteins reduce the affinity of the cell surface for albumin.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Multiparametric MR-PET Imaging Predicts Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Response to GDC-0084 in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Correlation between multi-parametric MR-PET imaging changes before and after GDC-0084. A) Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) and B) resulting p-values describing the association between all imaging measurements. No significant correlations (P&lt;0.05) were observed.&lt;/p&gt;
Mapping of Neutralizing Epitopes to Fragments of the Bovine Coronavirus E2 Protein by Proteolysis of Antigen-Antibody Complexes (1989)

Neutralizing antigenic domains on bovine coronavirus gp100/E2 were mapped to fragments of this protein by proteolytic cleavage and fragment analysis. The procedure involved analysis of fragments generated after incubation of E2-monoclonal antibody complexes with various proteases. The smallest antibody-bound fragments obtained were a 50K fragment following Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease and submaxillary protease digestion, and a 37K fragment following trypsin digestion. Trypsin also produced a transient antibody-bound 50K fragment. A 40K fragment which was not bound by antibody was observed following digestions with all three proteases. The 50K fragments generated by V8, submaxillary protease and trypsin comigrated on gels and displayed the same altered mobility under non-reducing conditions, suggesting identity of these fragments and indicating the presence of disulphide linkages in these fragments. The 40K fragments generated by these three enzymes also comigrated and displayed the same altered mobility under non-reducing conditions. The 37K trypsin fragment contained both neutralizing domains, A and B.
Kinetic Study of Poly(acrylic acid)–Copper(II) Complex Formation (1976)

Abstract The kinetics of poly(acrylic acid)–copper(II) (PAA–Cu) complex formation has been studied by a relaxation method. It was found that the greater stability of PAA–Cu complex than that of a monomeric analog is due to the increase of forward rate constant (kf(PAA)/kf(GA)=4) and decrease of the reverse rate constant (kr(PAA)/kr(GA)=1/4) in the polymer system. The results are explained in terms of an electrostatic effect of poly electrolyte and a conformational change of the polymer ligand.
Experiments with discourse-level choices and readability (2003)

This paper reports on pilot experiments that are being used, together with corpus analysis, in the development of a Natural Language Generation (NLG) system, GIRL (Generator for Individual Reading Levels). GIRL generates reports for individuals after a literacy assessment. &#13;\nWe tested GIRL's output on adult learner readers and good readers. Our aim was to find out if choices the system makes at the discourse-level have an impact on readability. Our preliminary results indicate that such choices do indeed appear to be important for learner readers. These will be investigated further in future larger-scale experiments. Ultimately we intend to use the results to develop a mechanism that makes discourse-level choices that are appropriate for individuals' reading skills.
ChemInform Abstract: Suppression of Racemization During the Diastereoselective C‐3 Functionalization of 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐2‐phenylthio‐2‐(5H)‐furanones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of early renal function parameters for the prediction of 5-year graft survival after kidney transplantation (2006)

Routine parameters for monitoring of EGF display a threshold effect allowing accurate prediction of 5-year graft survival at the earliest point in time. The quantitative threshold levels for an optimum discriminatory power require validation in a larger, preferably multicentre database.
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and regulation of leucocyte/endothelial cell interactions: studies in iNOS‐deficient mice (2001)

It is well established that constitutive production of nitric oxide is central to numerous processes in the microvasculature, including controlling the trafficking of inflammatory leucocytes. However, during many inflammatory responses induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) increases nitric oxide production. The role of iNOS-derived nitric oxide in modulating leucocyte recruitment is less well understood, although recent studies using iNOS-deficient mice have begun to examine this issue. This article describes much of the work that implicates iNOS as having a role in controlling leucocyte recruitment, including the intravital microscopy studies which revealed that iNOS-deficient mice have elevated leucocyte-endothelial cell interactions during endotoxaemia. Furthermore in additional studies, we compared expression of endothelial adhesion molecules in wild-type and iNOS-deficient mice, under conditions in which iNOS was expressed. Adhesion molecule expression was measured using an in vivo dual radiolabel immunoassay. To induce iNOS, mice were treated with either 1 or 50 microg of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and 4 h later expression of P-selectin, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was determined in eight different tissues. In nearly all cases, adhesion molecule expression did not differ between the two types of mice, either in the absence of an inflammatory stimulus, or following LPS treatment. These findings indicate that iNOS does not regulate expression of endothelial adhesion molecules either under basal conditions, or during the endotoxaemic response. This further suggests that alterations in leucocyte function may mediate the modulating effect of iNOS on leucocyte recruitment.
A Meta-analysis of Four Genome-Wide Association Studies of Survival to Age 90 Years or Older: The Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (2010)

Survival studies of larger size or more extreme or specific phenotypes may support or refine these initial findings.
Impact of Ga/N flux ratio on trap states in n-GaN grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (2002)

The effect of growth regime on the deep level spectrum of n-GaN using molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) was investigated. As the Ga/N flux ratio was decreased towards Ga-lean conditions, the concentration of two acceptor-like levels, at Ec−3.04 and 3.28 eV, increased from 1015 to 1016 cm−3 causing carrier compensation in these films. Thus, these two traps behaved as the dominant compensating centers in MBE n-GaN. Furthermore, the increase in trap concentration also strongly correlated with the degradation of both surface morphology and bulk electron mobility towards Ga-lean conditions, where higher pit densities and lower mobility were observed. These results show that the growth regime directly impacts all morphology, bulk transport, and trap states in n-GaN.
Precoding for spatial multiplexing with MIMO iterative receiver (2006)

Precoding is a transmission technique for efficient channel utilization with or without channel knowledge. There are various methods for precoding. Among them, linear precoding is generally investigated as it is easy to implement. In this paper, we consider linear precoding when an iterative receiver is used. Due to limited feedback rate, a codebook approach is employed. A criterion to choose a precoding matrix has been derived in conjunction with an iterative receiver
Mechanism for the Endocytosis of Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle Conjugates* (2020)

This chapter demonstrates that the rapid cellular uptake kinetics and intracellular transport of spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) stem from the arrangement of oligonucleotides into a 3D architecture, which supports their targeting of class A scavenger receptors and endocytosis via a lipid-raft–dependent, caveolae-mediated pathway. These results reinforce the notion that SNAs can serve as therapeutic payloads and targeting structures to engage biological pathways not readily accessible with linear oligonucleotides. SNAs represent an emerging class of nucleic acids distinct from linear nucleic acids in the context of gene regulation. These nanostructures, although polyanionic like their linear counterparts, can naturally traverse the negatively charged cell membrane and enter cells. The cellular uptake kinetics and intracellular transport of SNAs are monitored to determine their primary entry pathway and identify the primary receptor sub-class that mediates their internalization into mammalian cells.
Carbon/nafion supports for electrodeposited Pt-Ru catalysts (2004)

Carbon supported Pt-Ru (Pt-Ru/C) is one of the most promising catalyst for methanol oxidation in DMFC. The carbon support should display a high surface area for a high catalytic surface at reduced noble metal content, it should guarantee a good electrical contact among the metal particles and between the catalyst and the current collector, as well as its morphology should favor the transport of the gaseous and aqueous chemical species involved in the catalytic oxidation of methanol. Hence the carbon should have a low electrical resistance and a suitable mesoporous high “accessible” surface area. &#13;\nSince for a high oxidation rate of methanol the proton conductivity in the catalyst layer is an important feature, in this contribution the results of the characterization of both different high surface area-carbon powders and carbon composites with Nafion as proton conducting binder are reported. The data of the electrochemical, structural and morphological characterization of Pt-Ru catalysts supported on the carbon/Nafion composites are also presented and discussed.
Copper-Catalyzed Annulation of 2-Formylazoles with o-Aminoiodoarenes (2010)

In the presence of catalytic CuI and sparteine, 2-formylpyrroles can be annulated with o-aminoiodoarenes to give substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and related heterocycles. The reaction also works for annulation of 2-formylindoles, 2-formylimidazole, 2-formylbenzimidazole, and a 3-formylpyrazole.