gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Earth-abundant Cu-based chalcogenide semiconductors as photovoltaic absorbers (2012)

The materials Cu3PQ4 (Q = S, Se) of the enargite structure are studied as photovoltaic (PV) absorbers. Optical band gaps in the series Cu3PS4−xSex (0 ≤ x ≤ 4) are found to range from 2.36 eV (x = 0) to 1.35 eV (x = 4). Seebeck measurements on powder samples at room temperature yield large positive values (>100 μV K−1) indicating p-type behavior. Hole carrier concentrations are found in the range of 1016–1017 cm−3. Crystal structures of Cu3PS1.89Se2.11 and Cu3PS0.71Se3.29 are refined in the orthorhombic space group Pmn21 with the unit-cell parameters – Cu3PS1.89Se2.11: a = 7.5034(5) Å, b = 6.4951(5) Å, c = 6.2174(4) Å, and Cu3PS0.71Se3.29: a = 7.6164(6) Å, b = 6.5945(6) Å, c = 6.3107(5) Å. Photoelectrodes, fabricated from Cu3PSe4 single crystals, exhibit p-type photoresponse and yield open circuit voltages Voc = 0.12 V and short circuit currents Jsc = 0.25 mA cm−2 under 100 mW cm−2 of 660 nm illumination in a non-aqueous cobaltocene/cobaltocenium cell.
A 28 GHz FR-4 compatible phased array antenna for 5G mobile phone applications (2015)

The design of a 28 GHz phased array antenna for future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone applications has been presented in this paper. The proposed antenna can be implemented using low cost FR-4 substrates, while maintaining good performance in terms of gain and efficiency. This is achieved by employing a new air-filled slot-loop structure as the radiator. A prototype array consisting of ten radiator elements has been designed for concept validation. Both the radiation and total efficiencies of the antenna array are higher than-0.5 dB (90%) for the scanning range between 0° to 50°, while the gains are higher than 13 dB. In addition, the simulated and experimental results show that the antenna has the S 11 response less than-10 dB in the frequency range of 27 to 29 GHz.
52.1: System Design for a High Color‐Gamut TV‐Sized AMOLED Display (2007)

Abstract Using current technology, it is possible to design and fabricate performance‐competitive TV‐Sized AMOLED displays. In this paper the system design considerations are described that lead to the selection of the device architecture (including a stacked white OLED‐emitting unit), the backplane technology (an amorphous Si backplane with compensation for TFT degradation), and module design (for long life and low cost). The resulting AMOLED displays will meet performance and lifetime requirements, and will be manufacturing cost‐competitive for TV applications. We fabricated a high‐performance 14″ AMOLED display using an in‐line OLED deposition machine to demonstrate some of these approaches. The chosen OLED technologies are scalable to larger glass substrate sizes compatible with existing a‐Si backplane fabs.
SAW duplexer for PCS in US with excellent temperature stability (2004)

The transition frequency band between Tx (transmission) and Rx (receiving) pass bands of the personal communication services (PCS) handy phone in US is relatively narrow (20MHz) compared with similar systems' handy phones. The antenna duplexer for the PCS needs a good temperature stability of frequency and a steep cut-off frequency characteristics in the transition band. Up to the present, there exists no substrate for the surface acoustic wave (SAW) having both the good temperature stability and the optimum electromechanical coupling factor to realize the required bandwidth of the PCS duplexer. So, the PCS SAW duplexer has been developed with the only steeper cut-off characteristics to eke out its insufficient temperature stability. The PCS duplexers consisting of FBAR (film bulk acoustic resonator) have also been designed as another approach, but their temperature characteristics are not enough. This paper describes a new substrate having both the good temperature stability and the suitable electromechanical coupling factor and a US-PCS SAW duplexer constructed of this substrate.
Format Independent Encryption of Generalized Scalable Bit-Streams Enabling Arbitrary Secure Adaptations (2006)

Secure format-independent adaptation of bit-streams during delivery is becoming increasingly important to cope with content piracy while still accommodating diverse networks, terminals and formats. Generalized scalable bit-streams are particularly advantageous in this regard, since they enable a variety of efficient and secure adaptations. Further, by associating such a bit-stream with appropriate metadata, such as those standardized in MPEG-21 Part 7, entitled digital item adaptation (DIA), the adaptation process can be fully format-independent. In this paper, to maximally secure a generalized scalable bit-stream while allowing arbitrary encrypted domain adaptations, strong progressive encryption methods are extended to multiple dimensions. Further it is shown that by appropriate modeling of such bit-streams and re-use of some DIA descriptions, the encryption and decryption engines themselves can be entirely metadata-driven and format-independent. This leads to end-to-end format-independent secure and adaptive delivery architectures for scalable bit-streams.
Localization of UDP-GalNAc:NeuAc alpha 2,3Gal-R beta 1,4(GalNAc to Gal)N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in human stomach. Enzymatic synthesis of a fundic gland-specific ganglioside and GM2. (1991)

A glycolipid detected in human gastric mucosa with anti-GM2 monoclonal antibody was characterized to be GalNAc beta 1-4[NeuAc alpha 2-3]Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal 1-4Glc-Cer (NGM-1), which was lost in gastric cancer tissue with complementary increase of GM2 sharing the same terminal carbohydrate structure as NGM-1 (Dohi, T., Ohta, S., Hanai, N., Yamaguchi, K., and Oshima, M. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 7880-7885). The study on differential expression of NGM-1 in gastric fundic mucosa, pyloric mucosa, gastric cancer, and various other tissues indicated that NGM-1 existed specifically in fundic mucosa. The content of GM3 and sialylparagloboside (SPG), which are the substrates for the synthesis of GM2 and NGM-1, respectively, were not significantly different in these tissues. Therefore, the presence of two kinds of beta 1,4GalNAc transferases having different substrate specificity was considered to be critical for the expression of NGM-1 and GM2. The activity of beta 1,4GalNAc transferase which synthesizes GM2 or NGM-1 was determined by detecting the products with specific monoclonal antibodies. The activity of beta 1,4GalNAc transfer to SPG was high in fundic mucosa, while it was absent in pyloric mucosa or cancer. On the other hand, the increased activity of beta 1,4GalNAc transfer to GM3 was observed in cancer tissues and cancer cell lines which were rich in GM2. Our conclusion is that the limited expression of NGM-1 in fundic mucosa and the increase of GM2 in cancer are attributed to two types of beta 1,4GalNAc transferases localized in each region with different substrate specificity; the one in fundic mucosa transfers GalNAc to SPG but not to GM3, and the other one enhanced in cancer transfers GalNAc to GM3 but not to SPG.
P06.05 The natural HLA ligandome of glioblastoma stem-like cells: Antigen discovery for T-cell based immunotherapy (2017)

Introduction: Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSC) play a major role in tumor initiation and maintenance as well as in therapy resistance and recurrence. Thus, targeting this cellular subset may be key to effective immunotherapy. Here, we present a mass spectrometry-based analysis of HLA-presented peptidomes of GSC and glioblastoma patient specimens. Materials and Methods: HLA class I and class II ligands of culture-expanded GSC lines (GS-2, GS-5, GS-9) and snap frozen freshly resected glioblastoma samples (n=9) were isolated by immunoprecipitation and characterized using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). HLA ligandomes of GSC and freshly resected patient samples were compared to a comprehensive HLA ligandome database of human normal tissues including human brain. Immunogenicity of top-ranking candidates was shown by T-cell priming followed by intracellular cytokine staining and HLA multimer staining. Results: We identified 15 antigens represented by 38 different HLA ligands showing natural presentation both on GSC and patient samples. Importantly, in vitro immunogenicity assays clearly suggest these peptides to be epitopes of functional CD8 T-cell responses thus rendering them prime candidates for immunotherapy. Conclusions: We present an antigen discovery approach based on the comparative analysis of the HLA class I and HLA class II peptidomes of GSC and patient samples. The characterization of the natural GSC-immunopeptidome is an important step towards the informed design of highly specific T-cell immunotherapy targeting the glioblastoma stem cell niche.
Emissions-critical charge cooling using an organic rankine cycle (2023)

The disclosure provides a system including a Rankine power cycle cooling subsystem providing emissions-critical charge cooling of an input charge flow. The system includes a boiler fluidly coupled to the input charge flow, an energy conversion device fluidly coupled to the boiler, a condenser fluidly coupled to the energy conversion device, a pump fluidly coupled to the condenser and the boiler, an adjuster that adjusts at least one parameter of the Rankine power cycle subsystem to change a temperature of the input charge exiting the boiler, and a sensor adapted to sense a temperature characteristic of the vaporized input charge. The system includes a controller that can determine a target temperature of the input charge sufficient to meet or exceed predetermined target emissions and cause the adjuster to adjust at least one parameter of the Rankine power cycle to achieve the predetermined target emissions.
Increase in type I and type IV collagenolytic activity in primary cultures of keratoconus cornea (1986)

The collagenolytic activities were assayed in fibroblast cultures established from ten keratoconus and six control corneal explants. The assays included those for both type I and type IV collagenase. The amount of free, directly assayable type I collagenase was highly increased in the media of keratoconus primary cell cultures. Also the activity of type IV collagenase was increased significantly in these cultures but was detectable only after proteolytic activation. The total hydroxyproline content of keratoconus corneas was decreased when compared to controls. However the activity of the prolyl-4-hydroxylase, reflecting the biosynthesis of collagen, was higher in the keratoconus corneal tissue, either expressed per DNA, soluble protein or hydroxyproline content of corneas. The enhancement in collagenolytic processes could explain the pathological tissue destruction in keratoconus corneas and this enhancement is maintained still in primary cultures of keratoconus corneal fibroblasts.
Electrical linewidth measurements and simulations studying the effects of dose and gap on exposure latitude in x-ray lithography (1995)

Electrical linewidth measurements of etched, N+-doped polysilicon submicron lines were carried out to study the effects of dose and gap on exposure latitude in proximity X-ray lithography. Isolated lines and equal line/space pairs having linewidths from 0.15 micrometers to 0.35 micrometers on the X-ray mask were printed in APEX-M resist at gaps ranging from 26 micrometers to 34 micrometers using a Karl Suss stepper. Lithography was carried out at the IBM Advanced Lithography Facility using the Helios 1 synchrotron. Low voltage scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements in top-down mode using the linear regression algorithm are compared to electrical linewidth measurements. Reactive-Ion Etch bias is determined by comparing top-down SEM of resist after exposure, on both 50 and 330-nm-thick polysilicon, to top-down SEM after etching. Both resist and etched line profiles are examined in cross section using SEM. The etch bias and the change in line profiles were found to account for most of the offset between the SEM and the electrical linewidth measurements. The results of SEM-measured averaged across the field, were also compared to two-dimensional aerial images (determined using average SEM-measured mask linewidths) and resist dissolution simulations to examine simulation accuracy.
Single-stage isolated 48V-to-1.8V point-of-load converter utilizing an impedance control network for wide input range operation (2017)

This paper introduces a single-stage isolated 48V-to-1.8V point-of-load converter based on the impedance control network (ICN) resonant converter architecture. This point-of-load ICN converter achieves large step-down while maintaining high efficiency across a wide range of input voltage and output power. Large step-down is achieved through a combination of stacked inverters, a transformer and a resonant current-doubler rectifier. High efficiency is achieved by utilizing the ICN architecture, which enables zero-voltage and near-zero-current switching across wide operating ranges. The power density of the converter is enhanced by combining the three inductors of the ICN into a single integrated magnetic structure. A design methodology based on 3D finite-element-analysis is employed to optimize the magnetic components of the proposed ICN converter. A prototype 90-W ICN converter utilizing planar magnetics, designed to operate over an input voltage range of 36 V to 60 V and an output voltage of 1.8 V is built and tested. The prototyped converter achieves a peak efficiency of 88.7% and maintains efficiencies above 87.6% across its nearly 2:1 input voltage range, and above 86.6% across a 10:1 output power range.
1A2-E08 An Ungrounded Force Feedback Device Using Gyroscopic Effect (2010)

An interface that presents variable sense is paid attentions from virtual reality researches. This paper presents an ungrounded force feedback device using the gyroscopic effect. An ungrounded force feedback device includes the Control Moment Gyro (CMG) that generates the torque due to the gyroscopic effect, resulting in making the system produce the sense of force to an operator. Four CMGs are arranged in pyramid form (4-CMG system), so that the plural CMGs are simultaneously driven to synthesize the torque. We experimentally verify the performance of the developed device. Concretely, we measured the stimulus threshold and evaluate the perception characteristic of an ungrounded force feedback device.
Expansion of HCCI Operating Region by the Combination of Direct Fuel Injection, Negative Valve Overlap and Internal Fuel Reformation (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A gasoline-fueled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine with both direct fuel injection and negative valve overlap for exhaust gas retention was examined. The fuel was injected directly into the residual in-cylinder gas during the negative valve overlap interval for the purpose of reforming it by using the high temperature resulting from exhaust gas recompression. With this injection strategy, the HCCI combustion region was expanded dramatically without any increase in NOx emissions which were seen in the case of compression stroke injection. Injection timing during the negative valve overlap was found to be an important parameter that affects the HCCI region width. The injection timing also had the most suitable value in each engine load for the best fuel consumption.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;From this result, A new injection strategy in which only a portion of the fuel was injected during the negative valve overlap interval, while the rest of fuel was injected in intake stroke, was proposed. With this split injection, by selecting the suitable amounts of fuel, further fuel consumption improvement was realized. The higher the engine load becomes, the less amount of fuel injected during negative valve overlap was required for the suitable HCCI combustion.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Finally, the advantage of utilizing the combination of the negative valve overlap and the direct fuel injection in expanding HCCI operating region was summarized in a figure as contours of required negative valve overlap interval on engine speed and compression ratio plane. The effect of mixture stratification and the effect of fuel reformation can be utilized to reduce the required negative valve overlap interval for suitable HCCI combustion under each set of engine speed and compression ratio conditions.&lt;/div&gt;
Ultrasonic circular cyclo coagulation in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma: A multicenter clinical trial (2013)

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Ultrasonic Circular Cyclo Coagulation (UC3) procedure in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods Prospective multicenter clinical trial. 42 eyes of 42 patients with POAG, intraocular pressure (IOP) &gt; 21 mmHg, an average of 1.65 failed previous surgeries and an average of 3.2 hypotensive medications were insonified with a probe comprising 6 piezoelectric transducers. 18 patients (group 1) were treated with a 4 seconds exposure time for each shot and 24 patients (group 2) with a 6 seconds exposure time. Follow‐up visits were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after. Results IOP was significantly reduced in both groups (p&lt;0.05), from a mean preoperative value of 28.6 ± 4.7 mmHg in group 1 and 28.1 ± 8.6 mmHg in group 2 to a mean value of 16.1 ± 2.8 mmHg in group 1 and 16.7 ± 4.4 mmHg in group 2 at last follow‐up. Success (IOP reduction &gt;20%) was achieved in 12 of 18 (67%) eyes of the group 1 and in 17 of 24 (71%) eyes of the group 2. Four patients were re‐treated. No major intra‐ or post‐operative complications occurred. Conclusion UC3 seems to be an effective and well‐tolerated method to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with POAG. Commercial interest
Myeloid differentiation of purified CD34+ cells after stimulation with recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF), granulocyte-CSF, monocyte-CSF, and interleukin-3 (1991)

CD34+ cells isolated from bone marrow or umbilical cord blood from healthy donors were studied for proliferation and differentiation in liquid cultures in the presence of recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), monocyte CSF (M-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3), followed by immunophenotyping for myeloid and myeloid-associated cell surface markers. IL-3, either alone or together with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or M-CSF, induced, on average, 50-fold cell multiplication, GM-CSF five fold to 10-fold, and G-CSF and M-CSF less than fivefold. Cells from cultures stimulated with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or M-CSF alone contained cells with a "broad" myeloid profile, "broader" than observed in cultures with IL-3. However, since IL-3 induced rapid cell multiplication, high numbers of cells expressing early (CD13, CD33) and late myeloid markers (CD14, CD15) were recovered. The presence of other CSFs together with IL-3 did not alter the IL-3-induced effect on the cells. When 5,000 CD34+ cells were cultured with IL-3 alone, the cultures still contained 2,000 to 5,000 CD34+ cells after 14 days of culture, while cells cultured with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or M-CSF contained less than 1,000 CD34+ cells. Furthermore, 1,000 to 3,000 cells were positive for the megakaryocytic lineage marker CD41b after cultures with GM-CSF or IL-3, while cultures with G-CSF or M-CSF did not contain detectable numbers of CD41b+ cells. Finally, erythroid cells could also be generated from purified CD34+ cells. The results show that IL-3 and GM-CSF can induce rapid proliferation of purified CD34+ cells in vitro with differentiation to multiple myeloid lineages, while certain subsets maintain expression of CD34.
Sexual Permissiveness: A Mozambique–France Comparison (2010)

The present study compared sexual permissiveness between African adults and European adults. The 301 participants (154 males, 147 females) living in the area of Maputo, Mozambique, and the 309 participants (157 males, 152 females) living in the area of Toulouse, France, were presented with the Portuguese and French versions of 7 permissiveness items taken from the Sexual Attitudes Scale devised by Hendrick &amp; Hendrick (1987 ). Permissiveness scores were shown to be lower among Mozambican participants than among French participants. A clear effect of religious involvement on permissiveness was also demonstrated, and this effect was of the same magnitude in both samples.
Foreword (2013)

Welcome to the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> International Workshop on International Workshop on the Engineering of Mobile-Enabled Systems (MOBS 2013), held in San Francisco, CA on May 25 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> 2013, in conjunction with the 35 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2013).
Pharmacophore Refinement Guides the Design of Nanomolar-Range Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Light Chain Inhibitors (2010)

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the deadliest of microbial toxins. The enzymes' Zinc(II) metalloprotease, referred to as the light chain (LC) component, inhibits acetylcholine release into neuromuscular junctions, resulting in the disease botulism. Currently, no therapies counter BoNT poisoning post-neuronal intoxication; however, it is hypothesized that small molecules may be used to inhibit BoNT LC activity in the neuronal cytosol. Herein, we describe the pharmacophore-based design and chemical synthesis of potent (non-Zinc(II) chelating) small molecule (non-peptidic) inhibitors (SMNPIs) of the BoNT serotype A LC (the most toxic of the BoNT serotype LCs). Specifically, the three-dimensional superimpositions of 2-[4-(4-amidinephenoxy)-phenyl]-indole-6-amidine-based SMNPI regioisomers (K(i) = 0.600 μM (± 0.100 μM)), with a novel lead bis-[3-amide-5-(imidazolino)-phenyl]-terephthalamide (BAIPT)-based SMNPI (K(i) = 8.52 μM (± 0.53 μM)), resulted in a refined 4-zone pharmacophore. The refined model guided the design of BAIPT-based SMNPIs possessing K(i) values = 0.572 μM (± 0.041 μM) and 0.900 μM (± 0.078 μM).