gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The fabrication of high density nanochannel organic light emitting diodes with reduced charge spreading (2009)

This study reports fabrication and characterization of nanoscale organic light emitting diodes with reduced charge spreading. Nanoimprint lithography is used to make SU-8 nanochannels with approximately 90 degrees sidewalls into which N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine (NPB) and tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) are thermally evaporated, to avoid charge spreading. Micron grating devices are fabricated for comparison. Device characteristics show that performance is retained while scaling down to nanochannels, as no geometry dependent trend is observed. Surface potential microscopy (SPM) measurements reveal an identical periodic difference in surface potential for nanochannel and microscale grating devices. The SPM results, together with cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy observation of the physical separation of nanoscale organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), indicate electrical separation and isolated light emission from nanoscale confined OLEDs with minimized charge spreading.
[Systemic meningococcal disease in the Norwegian Army]. (1990)

An outline of aspects of meningococcal disease relevant to The Norwegian armed forces during the last years is given. Epidemiological observations are described as well as ongoing trials with the Norwegian serogroup B outer membrane complex vaccine. These trials are parallel to civilian trials in teenagers. In accordance with the new Norwegian civil guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of meningococcal disease stress is laid on early symptoms of the disease and early treatment (drawing of a blood culture and subsequent prompt parenteral penicillin therapy in the camp when probable meningococcal disease is the case and the estimated transportation time to hospital exceeds about 30 min).
Volume/weight/cost comparison of a 1MVA 10 kV/400 V solid-state against a conventional low-frequency distribution transformer (2014)

Solid-State Transformers (SSTs) are an emergent topic in the context of the Smart Grid paradigm, where SSTs could replace conventional passive transformers to add flexibility and controllability, such as power routing capabilities or reactive power compensation, to the grid. This paper presents a comparison of a 1000 kVA three-phase, low-frequency distribution transformer (LFT) and an equally rated SST, with respect to volume, weight, losses, and material costs, where the corresponding data of the SST is partly based on a full-scale prototype design. It is found that the SST's costs are at least five times and its losses about three times higher, its weight similar but its volume reduced to less than 80%. In addition, an AC/DC application is also considered, where the comparison turns out in favor of the SST-based concept, since its losses are only about half compared to the LFT-based system, and the volume and the weight are reduced to about one third, whereas the material costs advantage of the LFT is much less pronounced.
Beneficial metabolic effects of recurrent periods of beta‐cell rest and stimulation using stable neuropeptide Y1 and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (2022)

These data show that NPY1R-induced intervals of beta-cell rest, combined with GLP-1R-stimulated periods of beta-cell stimulation, should be further evaluated as an effective treatment option for obesity-driven forms of diabetes.
Guest Editorial Part 2: Deployment Issues and Performance Challenges for 5G (2017)

This is the second part of the papers in this special issue on deployment issues and performance challenges for 5G. The papers have been divided into five categories: <list list-type="bullet" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><list-item><label>•</label> Massive MIMO </list-item><list-item><label>•</label> Co existence </list-item><list-item><label>•</label> Signal Processing and New Waveforms </list-item><list-item><label>•</label> Cloud RAN </list-item><list-item><label>•</label> Field Trials </list-item> </list>
New Methods of Preparing Phosphonates (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Methods of Preparing PhosphonatesRichard L. McConnell and Harry W. Coover Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 17, 4453–4455Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01598a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01598a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensor-regulator and RNAi based bifunctional dynamic control network for engineered microbial synthesis (2018)

Writing artificial logic and dynamic function into complex cellular background to achieve desired phenotypes or improved outputs calls for the development of new genetic tools as well as their innovative use. In this study, we present a sensor-regulator and RNAi-based bifunctional dynamic control network that can provide simultaneous upregulation and downregulation of cellular metabolism for engineered biosynthesis. The promoter-regulator-mediated upregulation function and its transduced downregulation function through RNAi are systematically verified and characterized. We apply this dynamic control network to regulate the phosphoenolpyruvate metabolic node in Escherichia coli and achieve autonomous distribution of carbon flux between its native metabolism and the engineered muconic acid biosynthetic pathway. This allows muconic acid biosynthesis to reach 1.8 g L<sup>-1</sup>. This study also suggests the circumstances where dynamic control approaches are likely to take effects.
Homogeneous BTK Occupancy Assay for Pharmacodynamic Assessment of Tirabrutinib (GS-4059/ONO-4059) Target Engagement (2018)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a clinically validated target for B-cell leukemias and lymphomas with FDA-approved small-molecule inhibitors ibrutinib and acalabrutinib. Tirabrutinib (GS-4059/ONO-4059, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA) is a second-generation, potent, selective, irreversible BTK inhibitor in clinical development for lymphoid malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). An accurate pharmacodynamic assay to assess tirabrutinib target coverage in phase 1/2 clinical studies will inform dose and schedule selection for advanced clinical evaluation. We developed a novel duplex homogeneous BTK occupancy assay based on time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) to measure free and total BTK levels in a multiplexed format. The dual-wavelength emission property of terbium-conjugated anti-BTK antibody served as the energy donor for two fluorescent energy acceptors with distinct excitation and emission spectra. The assay was characterized and qualified using full-length purified recombinant human BTK protein and peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from healthy volunteers and patients with CLL. We demonstrated assay utility using cells derived from lymph node and bone marrow samples from patients with CLL and DLBCL. Our TR-FRET-based BTK occupancy assay provides accurate, quantitative assessment of BTK occupancy in the clinical trial program for tirabrutinib and is in use in ongoing clinical studies.
Ultrasonic tissue characterization via 2‐D spectrum analysis: Theory and in vitro measurements (2007)

A theoretical model is described for application in ultrasonic tissue characterization using a calibrated 2-D spectrum analysis method. This model relates 2-D spectra computed from ultrasonic backscatter signals to intrinsic physical properties of tissue microstructures, e.g., size, shape, and acoustic impedance. The model is applicable to most clinical diagnostic ultrasound systems. Two experiments employing two types of tissue architectures, spherical and cylindrical scatterers, are conducted using ultrasound with center frequencies of 10 and 40 MHz, respectively. Measurements of a tissue-mimicking phantom with an internal suspension of microscopic glass beads are used to validate the theoretical model. Results from in vitro muscle fibers are presented to further elucidate the utility of 2-D spectrum analysis in ultrasonic tissue characterization.
[Extensive educational program for high performance medical technologists]. (2003)

The education system for medical technologists has recently been revolutionized, their educational periods vary from 2 to 9 years, and some already have doctoral degrees. In such a new situation, our faculty thinks that the most important point for new medical technologists is the ability to have a broad view of the clinical fields, especially the view of patients. Special training in bed-side education and a stint in several divisions, such as the surgical operation room, rehabilitation. radiological examination room, pharmacy, central storage room of medical records, and medical informatics, and so on, of the hospital is a powerful tool to obtain a broad view of the various clinical fields and can be essential for developing high performance medical technologists. As nine years have passed since starting this education, we evaluated this practice through systematic personal communication. As a result, it was found to be extremely effective for many reasons such as having a continuous image of the patient when they examine the blood sample in the hospital laboratory, showing advanced laboratory performance, and having no mental barrier to visiting the wards and so on. The abilities of our alumni are praised highly by many large scale hospitals around the country and 50% of them are working in the clinical laboratory division of these hospitals. About 40% are working in the division of research and development in various companies. We express sincere thanks to the director and all cooperative individuals for this course in the Osaka University Hospital.
Detection of ZrO2 Nanoparticles in Lung Tissue Sections by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Ion Beam Microscopy (2018)

The increasing use of nanoparticles (NP) in commercial products requires elaborated techniques to detect NP in the tissue of exposed organisms. However, due to the low amount of material, the detection and exact localization of NP within tissue sections is demanding. In this respect, Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and Ion Beam Microscopy (IBM) are promising techniques, because they both offer sub-micron lateral resolutions along with high sensitivities. Here, we compare the performance of the non-material-consumptive IBM and material-consumptive ToF-SIMS for the detection of ZrO₂ NP (primary size 9-10 nm) in rat lung tissue. Unfixed or methanol-fixed air-dried cryo-sections were subjected to IBM using proton beam scanning or to three-dimensional ToF-SIMS (3D ToF-SIMS) using either oxygen or argon gas cluster ion beams for complete sample sputtering. Some sample sites were analyzed first by IBM and subsequently by 3D ToF-SIMS, to compare results from exactly the same site. Both techniques revealed that ZrO₂ NP particles occurred mostly agglomerated in phagocytic cells with only small quantities being associated to the lung epithelium, with Zr, S, and P colocalized within the same biological structures. However, while IBM provided quantitative information on element distribution, 3D ToF-SIMS delivered a higher lateral resolution and a lower limit of detection under these conditions. We, therefore, conclude that 3D ToF-SIMS, although not yet a quantitative technique, is a highly valuable tool for the detection of NP in biological tissue.
The Spy in the Sandbox -- Practical Cache Attacks in Javascript (2015)

We present the first micro-architectural side-channel attack which runs entirely in the browser. In contrast to other works in this genre, this attack does not require the attacker to install any software on the victim's machine -- to facilitate the attack, the victim needs only to browse to an untrusted webpage with attacker-controlled content. This makes the attack model highly scalable and extremely relevant and practical to today's web, especially since most desktop browsers currently accessing the Internet are vulnerable to this attack. Our attack, which is an extension of the last-level cache attacks of Yarom et al., allows a remote adversary recover information belonging to other processes, other users and even other virtual machines running on the same physical host as the victim web browser. We describe the fundamentals behind our attack, evaluate its performance using a high bandwidth covert channel and finally use it to construct a system-wide mouse/network activity logger. Defending against this attack is possible, but the required countermeasures can exact an impractical cost on other benign uses of the web browser and of the computer.
Safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the ExPEC4V (JNJ-63871860) vaccine for prevention of invasive extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli disease: A phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy Japanese participants (2018)

This Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of different doses of ExPEC4V conjugate vaccine (4-16µg Polysaccharide [PS]/serotype) in healthy Japanese participants, stratified into younger (≥20 to <50 years) or older age groups (≥50 years). Within each age group, participants were randomized to a single vaccination with 1 of 3 dose levels of ExPEC4V (4, 8 and 16 µg PS/serotype) or placebo. Safety and tolerability were the primary objectives; immunogenicity was secondary. Of the 48 participants, 47 (98%) completed; one (2%) in the placebo group discontinued. A total of 48% participants had ≥1 AE (younger group: n = 13 [54%]; older group: n = 10 [41.7%]). Solicited and unsolicited AEs were reported in 44% and 8% participants, respectively in the combined ExPEC4V groups. Pain/tenderness (n = 11 [31%]) and redness (n = 9 [25%]) were the most frequently reported solicited local AEs, whereas fatigue (n = 4 [11%]), headache (n = 4 [11%]), muscle pain (n = 2 [6%]), and malaise (n = 5 [14%]) were the most common solicited systemic AEs in the combined ExPEC4V group. No serious AEs, deaths, or discontinuation due to AEs were reported. All doses were immunogenic with an increase in IgG (ELISA) geometric mean titers of at least 5-fold from baseline to Days 15 and 30 for all serotypes. Of participants vaccinated with ExPEC4V, 75% - 100% demonstrated an ELISA titer increase of ≥2-fold. Strong correlation observed between ELISA and OPK. ExPEC4V was well tolerated and elicited an immunogenic response at all dose levels (up to 16 µg PS/serotype) in healthy Japanese participants.
Parallax Engine: Head Controlled Motion Parallax Using Notebooks’ RGB Camera (2021)

Research on the Fish Tank Virtual Reality (FTVR) technique commonly uses specific sensors (e.g. infrared cameras and LEDs on glasses) to estimate user’s eye position. However, estimating the face position with an RGB camera is becoming more accessible. In this work, we explore community available face characteristics detection software to implement the FTVR technique for everyday uses of 3D-enabled applications on consumer notebooks without requiring extra devices. We introduce the Parallax Engine solution that can be added with ease to any Unity game engine application. The solution supports two parallax-related visualization options: 1) a monoscopic FTVR mode (FishTank), which locks the virtual camera of the 3D environment to the laptop’s screen 2) and a 2D parallax mode (Parallax2DoF), which allows horizontal and vertical displacement of 3D scene camera. Regarding face characteristics detection techniques, the Parallax Engine uses a standardized interface that can receive input from different methods and currently supports three options: Google’s MediaPipe, dlib, and PoseNet. We evaluated the proposed solution with five users, performing tasks using different options for viewing and face characteristics detection, aiming to understand how suitable it is for end-users. Besides some detection failures from dlib, results showed an overall good acceptance for both the FishTank and Parallax2DoF visualization options.
Energetics of Adsorbed Methanol and Methoxy on Pt(111) by Microcalorimetry (2012)

The heat of adsorption and sticking probability of methanol were measured on clean Pt(111) at 100, 150, and 210 K and on oxygen-precovered Pt(111) at 150 K by single-crystal adsorption calorimetry (SCAC). On clean Pt(111) at 100 K, the heat of methanol adsorption was found to be 60.5 ± 0.8 kJ/mol in the limit of low coverage, resulting in a standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH(f)°) of CH(3)OH(ad) of -263 ± 0.8 kJ/mol. The results at 150 and 210 K on clean Pt(111) were indistinguishable from the energetics measured at 100 K in the same coverage range. Calorimetry of methanol on oxygen-precovered Pt(111) at 150 K yielded the energetics of adsorbed methoxy, giving ΔH(f)°[CH(3)O(ad)] = -170 ± 10 kJ/mol and a CH(3)O-Pt(111) bond enthalpy of 187 ± 11 kJ/mol. By use of these enthalpies, the dissociation of adsorbed methanol on Pt(111) to form methoxy and a hydrogen adatom is found to be uphill by +57 kJ/mol. At coverages below 0.2 monolayer (ML), the sticking probability for methanol on both surfaces at or below 150 K was >0.95. At 210 K, ∼80% of the methanol beam pulse transiently adsorbs to clean Pt(111) with a surface residence time of 238 ms and heat of adsorption of 61.2 ± 2.0 kJ/mol, giving a prefactor for methanol desorption of 4 × 10(15±0.5) s(-1). These measured energetics for methoxy and methanol were compared to density functional theory (DFT) calculations from previous literature, showing DFT to routinely underestimate the bond energy of both adsorbed methanol and methoxy by 15-52 kJ/mol.
Back Cover: TEMPO‐Oxidized Cellulose Cross‐Linked with Branched Polyethyleneimine: Nanostructured Adsorbent Sponges for Water Remediation (ChemPlusChem 9/2015) (2015)

The cover picture shows the preparation of adsorbent sponges for water remediation from TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) and branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI; 25 kDa). The cross-linking occurs between the carboxylic groups of TOCNF and the primary amino groups of bPEI during the thermal treatment of freeze-dried TOCNF-bPEI composites. These materials combine good mechanical stability in water, compared to TOCNF, with interesting performance in removing both heavy metals and phenolic derivatives from water. More details can be found in the Full Paper by Lucio Melone, Carlo Punta et al. on page 1408 in Issue 9, 2015. (DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500145).
Absence of intervening sequences (IVSs) in helix 11 region within 16S rRNA genes among more than 240 isolates of the seven Campylobacter species (2009)

(2009). Absence of intervening sequences (IVSs) in helix 11 region within 16S rRNA genes among more than 240 isolates of the seven Campylobacter species. British Journal of Biomedical Science: Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 103-106.
Part II: A Fully Integrated RF PA in 28-nm CMOS With Device Design for Optimized Performance and ESD Robustness (2015)

In this paper, we report drain-extended MOS device design guidelines for the RF power amplifier (RF PA) applications. A complete RF PA circuit in a 28-nm CMOS technology node with the matching and biasing network is used as a test vehicle to validate the RF performance improvement by a systematic device design. A complete RF PA with 0.16-W/mm power density is reported experimentally. By simultaneous improvement of device-circuit performance, 45% improvement in the circuit RF power gain, 25% improvement in the power-added efficiency at 1-GHz frequency, and 5× improvement in the electrostatic discharge robustness are reported experimentally.
Single-Cell Molecular Biology (1999)

The normal functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) requires complex interactions among numerous biological components. The pathophysiology of perturbations in this system is as complex as that of neurological disease. Many methods exist to examine the biological output of dysfunctional cells from a diseased system (e.g., immunohistochemical analysis, electrophysiology, and microdialysis), with one goal being to understand the mechanisms of cell death. This understanding may allow the design of therapeutic strategies to prevent cell death and ensuing behavioral abnormalities. Analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for various genes in CNS tissue may enhance understanding of neurological disease, since cells differ in the complement and abundance of genes they express. One popular method for detecting changes in gene expression is the Northern blot technique, in which total RNA from a sample is extracted and the RNA molecules are separated by size on a denaturing gel and transferred or "blotted" onto nylon membranes that are then probed with radiolabeled DNA for subsequent autoradiograpic detection of gene expression.
Laparoscopic Ureteroureterostomy Using Vascular Closure Staples in Porcine Model (1998)

The greatest difficulty in performing a laparoscopic pyeloplasty is the suturing of the ureteropelvic junction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of nonperforating titanium vascular closure staple (VCS) clips to perform in laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy in the porcine model. Six female minipigs underwent laparoscopic transection of one of the proximal ureters at the level of the lower pole of the kidney. Ureteroureterostomy was then performed using the titanium VCS clips. The animals were evaluated at 6 and 12 weeks postureteroureterostomy with retrograde pyelography and differential creatinine clearances. At 12 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the area of ureteroureterostomy was examined grossly and histopathologically. The technique for laparoscopic vascular clipping of the ureteroureterostomy proved to be fast and effective. Follow-up indicated that the method was successful in producing a functionally patent anastomosis. No encrustation, stone formation, or intraluminal clip was noted in any of the ureters or kidneys undergoing the ureteroureterostomy. The area of the ureteroureterostomy showed minimal fibrosis and inflammation on histopathologic examination. In this animal study, the nonperforating titanium clips facilitated the performance of a laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy.
Ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with a polar monomer using an α-iminocarboxamide nickel complex activated by trimethylaluminum Part A Polymer chemistry (2008)

An α-iminocarboxamide nickel complex was activated by trimethylaluminum (TMA) and used in the polymerization of ethylene and its copolymerization with 10-undecen-1-ol. The best activity was observed upon activation with 9 equiv of TMA at a temperature of 26 °C. NMR spectroscopic studies did not show 10-undecen-1-ol incorporation. However, FTIR analyses suggest the incorporation of a very small amount of comonomer, which affects the glass transition temperature, the degree of branching, and the mechanical properties of the materials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 54-59, 2008