gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Precision of morphological estimation</title> (1993)

Mean-absolute-error-optimal, finite-observation, translation-invariant, binary-image filters have previously been characterized in terms of morphological representations: increasing filters as unions of erosions and nonincreasing filters as unions of hit-or-miss operators. Based upon these characterizations, (sub)optimal filters have been designed via image-process realizations. The present paper considers the precision of filter estimation via realizations. A key point: while precision deteriorates for both erosion and hit-or-miss filters as window size increases, the number of image realizations required to obtain good estimation in erosion-filter design can be much less than the number required for hit-or-miss-filter design. Thus, while in theory optimal hit-or-miss filtering is better because the unconstrained optimal hit-or-miss filter is the conditional expectation, owing to estimation error it is very possible that estimated optimal erosion filters are better than estimated optimal hit-or-miss filters.
Raw Macrophage Quantification Data for 28-day Bijel-Templated Implant Study in Nude Mice (2019)

Immunohistochemistry was performed on subcutaneous tissue sections around Bijel-Templated Material (BTM) and Particle-Templated Material (PTM) implants after 28 days in nude mice. Macrophages labeled with the pan-macrophage F4/80 marker and the "pro-healing" CD206 marker were counted in confocal microscopy images. Seven fields of view per implant were analyzed. This dataset contains the raw number of "F4/80+ only" and "F4/80+, CD206+" cells counted in each implant.
Evidence against a requisite role for defective virus in the establishment of persistent hepadnavirus infections. (1990)

The factors involved in the establishment of persistent hepadnavirus infection are poorly understood. Recent findings demonstrate that the sequence of the genome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is variable in infected individuals and that, in some cases, virus mutants predominate. Our objectives in the present study were to analyze the variability of woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) genomes in an infected animal and to determine whether sequence heterogeneity played a critical role in the ability of WHV to induce chronic infection. We cloned and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of three supercoiled genomes from an animal that became infected after inoculation with a standardized WHV serum pool (i.e., the WHV7 virus pool). We found that there were four nucleotide substitutions among the three genome sequences as well as a 73-nucleotide deletion in one of the recombinants. DNA transfection experiments revealed that only one of the three recombinants was capable of independent replication. These data suggest that a significant proportion of replicative templates in woodchucks that are infected with WHV are defective virus genomes. Next, we compared the outcome of acute infection after inoculation with a serum pool containing a uniform population of replication competent virus (i.e., the WHV7R pool) with a serum pool composed of WHV genomes of variable sequence. The WHV7R serum pool originated from a woodchuck that became a chronic carrier after in vivo transfection of the liver with the infectious WHV7 recombinant. Neonatal woodchucks were inoculated with 5 x 10(6) WHV genome equivalents of either the WHV7 pool or the WHV7R pool. All animals in the study became acutely infected with WHV. Of the animals infected with the WHV7 serum pool, 65% became chronic carriers, while 80% of the animals infected with the WHV7R serum pool developed chronic infection. Thus, infection of woodchucks with a serum pool containing defective virus resulted in a rate of chronic WHV infection that was similar to, or even lower than, a rate from a pool containing only wild-type virus. This suggests that the presence of defective virus in the inoculum is not a prerequisite for the establishment of persistent hepadnavirus infections.
Quantifizierung periodischer Oberflächenstrukturen mittels Weißlichtinterferometrie / Quantification of Periodic Surface Structures by White-Light Interferometry (2004)

Article Quantifizierung periodischer Oberflächenstrukturen mittels Weißlichtinterferometrie / Quantification of Periodic Surface Structures by White-Light Interferometry was published on June 1, 2004 in the journal Practical Metallography (volume 41, issue 6).
Highly tunable birefringent microstructured optical fiber (2002)

We demonstrate a method for introducing and dynamically tuning birefringence in a microstructured optical fiber. Waveguide asymmetry in the fiber is obtained by selective filling of air holes with polymer, and tunability is achieved by temperature tuning of the polymer's index. The fiber is tapered such that the mode field expands into the cladding and efficiently overlaps the polymer that has been infused into the air holes, ensuring enhanced tunability and low splice loss. Experimental results are compared with numerical simulations made with the beam propagation method and confirm birefringence tuning that corresponds to a phase change of 6pi for a 1-cm length of fiber.
25-Gbps receiver for 100-Gbps ethernet employing cost-effective small coaxial package (2008)

We developed a 25-Gbps receiver employing a small, cost effective coaxial package and flexible printed circuits. Our fabrication method for reducing electrical resonance and loss was effectively applied. The fabricated receiver had a 24-GHz 3-dB bandwidth and was successfully operated at 25 Gbps.
Introduction to Highly Integrated and Tunable RF Receiver Front Ends (2013)

With the ever-increasing demand for instant access to data over wideband communication channels, the quest for a universal mobile terminal capable of delivering the ultimate user experience has become imperative. Over the last decade, researchers were exploring the possibility of having a universal radio that can be programmed and reconfigured through software to operate on any bands, channel bandwidths, and modulations. Such a universal radio was named software-defined radio (SDR) [1–6]. The SDRs face unique challenges because their targeted applications are mostly in mobile handheld devices. They must be small and affordable, and must last longer between charges. The design of such a low-cost, low-power, and flexible radio that meets the tough requirements of individual standards is enormously challenging and was and still is a hot topic of research for circuit designers as well as system and hardware engineers. One common yet relatively simple example of an SDR is a 3G cell phone, which can support as many as 17 bands in three modes of operation, namely GSM, EDGE, and WCDMA/HSPA.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF 1,3‐BIS(4′‐BROMOPHENYL)PROPANE‐1,2,3‐TRIONE, 3,5‐DIPHENYL‐1,2‐DITHIOLYLIUM‐4‐OLATE AND 4‐HYDROXY‐3,5‐DIPHENYL‐1,2‐DITHIOLIUM PERCHLORATE (1978)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (II), (VI) und (VII) werden synthetisiert und Röntgenkristallstruktur‐analytisch untersucht[(II): monoklin, C2 /c, Z=4; (VI) : orthorhombisch, Pmcn, Z=4; (VII): monoklin, P2 1 /a, Z=4 ].
Novel high resolution 2D optical shock and vibration sensor (2007)

Mass replicable digital micro-optical technology is the basis of our novel high resolution accelerometer and shock sensors. Such sensors are intended to sense the direction as well as the magnitude of the successive shocks, with the highest possible accuracy, for either real time monitoring or analysis of information stored in a memory buffer over a given time, which makes them perfect candidates for the transportation industry (real time monitoring and deferred time analysis).
Fine-structure analysis of GdM45near-edge EELS on the valence state ofGd@C82microcrystals (2000)

Transmission electron energy-loss spectroscopy has been performed on a crystalline ${\mathrm{Gd}\mathrm{@}\mathrm{C}}_{82}$ endohedral metallofullerene. Measurements of the chemical shift and the branching ratio of the Gd ${M}_{45}$ near-edge fine structure have revealed unambiguously the trivalent Gd atom ${(}^{8}{\mathrm{S}}_{7/2})$ encapsulated in the carbon cage. The results indicate that the encaged Gd atom is subject to a strong electronic field of the carbon cage.
ROBUST FEATURE LINE EXTRACTION ON CAD TRIANGULAR MESHES (2011)

International audience
Effectiveness of a multidisciplinary care program on recovery and return to work of patients after gynaecological surgery; design of a randomized controlled trial (2012)

Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NTR2087.
Oxidation of Organic Sulfides by N-Halamine Compounds (2007)

N-halamine chemistry has been an important research topic in these laboratories for over two decades, offering many exciting opportunities both from practical and pedagogical points of view. One of these opportunities is in the use of polymer- and silica gel-bound N-halamines as selective oxidizing agents for organosulfur compounds. In this study, they have been employed to selectively oxidize organic sulfides including dimethyl sulfide and chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, the chemical mustard stimulant. The latter oxidation produced the less toxic sulfoxide derivative with about 70% conversion, with no sulfone produced, and only about 30% accompanying conversion to sulfoxide hydrolysis products. In this article, we report a combination of experimental and computational results.
Associations Between Thinner Retinal Neuronal Layers and Suboptimal Brain Structural Integrity in a Middle-Aged Cohort (2023)

These findings provide evidence that the retinal neuronal layers reflect differences in midlife structural brain integrity consistent with increased risk for later AD, supporting the proposition that the retina may be an early biomarker of brain health.
Local Energy Transfert in Hybrid Nanoplasmonics (2014)

International audience
<title>Characterization of nonlinear absorption and refraction in advanced materials</title> (1993)

We discuss the characterization of nonlinear optical processes in materials associated with loss and index changes using the Z-scan. The primary problem addresses is, given a new material, how do you determine the dominant nonlinearities present and their physical mechanisms. In particular, in extensive studies of a wide variety of materials we have found that there is seldom a single nonlinear process occurring. Often several processes occur simultaneously sometimes in unison, sometimes competing. Distinguishing and separating these processes is important for understanding and modeling the interaction. There are a variety of methods and techniques for determining the nonlinear optical response, each with its own weaknesses and advantages. In general it is advisable to use as many complementary techniques as possible and vary as many experimental parameters as possible in order to unambiguously determine the active nonlinearities. Here we show as examples the two cases of semiconductors and reverse saturable absorbing dyes. We concentrate on the use of the Z-scan in determining the responses, but utilize knowledge from other experiments to help in the interpretation.
VEGF/VEGFR-2 Upregulates EZH2 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells and EZH2 Depletion Enhances the Response to Platinum-Based and VEGFR-2–Targeted Therapy (2014)

Our results suggest that the VEGF/VEGFR-2 pathway plays a role in regulation of EZH2 expression via E2F3, HIF1α, and miR-101. EZH2 depletion decreases the malignant potential of lung adenocarcinoma and sensitivity of the cells to both platinum-based and VEGFR-2-targeted therapy.
High-Q chaotic lithium niobate microdisk cavity (2018)

Lithium niobate (LN) is the workhorse for modern optoelectronics industry and nonlinear optics. High quality (Q) factor LN microresonators are promising candidates for applications in optical communications, quantum photonics, and sensing. However, the phase-matching requirement of traditional evanescent coupling methods poses significant challenges to achieve high coupling efficiencies of the pump and signal light simultaneously, ultimately limiting the practical usefulness of these high Q factor LN resonators. Here, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate deformed chaotic LN microcavities that feature directional emission patterns and high Q factors simultaneously. The chaotic LN microdisks are created using conventional semiconductor fabrication processes, with measured Q factors exceeding 10<sup>6</sup> in the telecommunication band. We show that our devices can be free-space-coupled with high efficiency by leveraging directional emission from the asymmetric cavity. Using this broadband approach, we demonstrate a 58-fold enhancement of free-space collection efficiency of a second harmonic generation signal, compared with a circular microdisk.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement Products of Some 1R,4R‐2‐Arylidene‐p‐menthan‐3‐ones in Acidic Media, Their Structures, and Conformational Analysis. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigating the Biological Activity of Imidazolium Aurate Salts (2019)

Abstract We report herein the biological activities of several imidazolium aurate(I) salts. The cytotoxicity on three cell‐lines ( i. e . Hela, H460 and 3T3), enzyme inhibition on a panel of five enzymes ( i. e . prolyl endopeptidase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, dipeptidyl peptidase and carbonic anhydrase), iron chelation and in vitro Leishmanicidal assay for promastigotes are described. A comparison with other data found in the literature using similar standards to our control experiment is also discussed. Finally, all these data lead us to establish some structure‐activity correlations and to determine the potential importance of the gold moiety in these salts.
Supported Metal Catalysts for Total Hydrogenation of Furfural and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (2017)

Total hydrogenation of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), both of which are important platform chemicals from biomass, produces tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran (BHTHF), respectively, and these products can be used as solvent or raw material of resin. Ni catalysts can give good yields in these reactions; however the low activity and stability are problems. Supported monometallic Pd and Ru catalysts have been reported to be also active in hydrogenation, although the selectivity for total hydrogenation tends to be lower. Other monometallic catalysts such as Cu and Pt generally have low activity in furan ring hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol (FOL) and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan intermediates. We explored various multicomponent catalysts and found that Ni–Pd/SiO2, Pd–Ir/SiO2 and Rh–Ir–ReOx/SiO2 give good yield of THFA or BHTHF with much higher activity than the mixture of each component supported on SiO2.
Histone Modifications and Cancer (2016)

Histone posttranslational modifications represent a versatile set of epigenetic marks involved not only in dynamic cellular processes, such as transcription and DNA repair, but also in the stable maintenance of repressive chromatin. In this article, we review many of the key and newly identified histone modifications known to be deregulated in cancer and how this impacts function. The latter part of the article addresses the challenges and current status of the epigenetic drug development process as it applies to cancer therapeutics.
Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Chlorzoxazone in Their Combined Pharmaceutical Formulations by Reversed-phase Capillary Liquid Chromatography Using a Polymethacrylate Monolithic Column (2018)

Recently, analytical separation techniques have the potential toward green approaches to reduce the environmental impact. This study focuses on the development of an analytical method for the determination of paracetamol and chlorzoxazone in their pharmaceutical combination. The separation was achieved using a home-made capillary column (0.10 mm i.d. × 200 mm length) filled with porous cross-linked hexyl polymethacrylate as monolithic stationary phase. The method proved to be simple, fast, sensitive, efficient, cost-effective and green approach due to the combination of the amazing properties of a monolithic material and a miniaturized liquid chromatography, which would be considered as a step toward reducing the analytical costs and the environmental impact of chromatographic applications. Both components were detected using a 3-nL nano-UV cell fixed at 270 nm wavelength. The optimized mobile phase was composed of 1% aqueous formic acid solution and acetonitrile at 40:60 ratio, 1.0 μL/min flow rate, 4.0 nL injection volume and 50°C column temperature. Under the optimized conditions, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone have been separated in about 6.5 min with chromatographic resolution of 2.37. The prepared column and the analysis method was fully validated and compared with other reported works. All findings allow to conclude that the prepared column and proposed method are applicable for quality control and routine analysis of the two drugs.
Bragg Gratings Made in Highly Nonlinear Bismuth Oxide Fibers With Ultrafast IR Radiation (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> High-quality Bragg gratings with refractive index modulations <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$&gt;7\times 10^{-4}$</tex></formula> were induced in highly nonlinear bismuth oxide glass fibers using ultrafast infrared radiation and a phase mask. Grating reflectivities approaching 95% for a 6-mm-long grating were achieved. Annealing tests show good thermal stability of the grating structure below 220 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}\hbox{C}$</tex> </formula>. The Bragg resonance shift with temperature is observed to be 3–4 times higher than similar gratings in silica fiber. </para>
Diels-Alder reactions of 1,2,4-triazines. Synthesis of thieno[2,3-c]pyridines and 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyrano[2,3-c]pyridines from 6-(alkynylthio)-1,2,4-triazines (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiels-Alder reactions of 1,2,4-triazines. Synthesis of thieno[2,3-c]pyridines and 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyrano[2,3-c]pyridines from 6-(alkynylthio)-1,2,4-triazinesEdward C. Taylor and John E. MacorCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 21, 4984–4989Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00282a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00282a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Collision cross section calculations for polyatomic ions considering rotating diatomic/linear gas molecules (2014)

Structural characterization of ions in the gas phase is facilitated by measurement of ion collision cross sections (CCS) using techniques such as ion mobility spectrometry. Further information is gained from CCS measurement when comparison is made between measurements and accurately predicted CCSs for model ion structures and the gas in which measurements are made. While diatomic gases, namely molecular nitrogen and air, are being used in CCS measurement with increasingly prevalency, the majority of studies in which measurements are compared to predictions use models in which gas molecules are spherical or non-rotating, which is not necessarily appropriate for diatomic gases. Here, we adapt a momentum transfer based CCS calculation approach to consider rotating, diatomic gas molecule collisions with polyatomic ions, and compare CCS predictions with a diatomic gas molecule to those made with a spherical gas molecular for model spherical ions, tetra-alkylammonium ions, and multiply charged polyethylene glycol ions. CCS calculations are performed using both specular-elastic and diffuse-inelastic collisions rules, which mimic negligible internal energy exchange and complete thermal accommodation, respectively, between gas molecule and ion. The influence of the long range ion-induced dipole potential on calculations is also examined with both gas molecule models. In large part we find that CCSs calculated with specular-elastic collision rules decrease, while they increase with diffuse-inelastic collision rules when using diatomic gas molecules. Results clearly show the structural model of both the ion and gas molecule, the potential energy field between ion and gas molecule, and finally the modeled degree of kinetic energy exchange between ion and gas molecule internal energy are coupled to one another in CCS calculations, and must be considered carefully to obtain results which agree with measurements.
NANOCI—Nanotechnology Based Cochlear Implant With Gapless Interface to Auditory Neurons (2017)

: Cochlear implants (CI) restore functional hearing in the majority of deaf patients. Despite the tremendous success of these devices, some limitations remain. The bottleneck for optimal electrical stimulation with CI is caused by the anatomical gap between the electrode array and the auditory neurons in the inner ear. As a consequence, current devices are limited through 1) low frequency resolution, hence sub-optimal sound quality and 2), large stimulation currents, hence high energy consumption (responsible for significant battery costs and for impeding the development of fully implantable systems). A recently completed, multinational and interdisciplinary project called NANOCI aimed at overcoming current limitations by creating a gapless interface between auditory nerve fibers and the cochlear implant electrode array. This ambitious goal was achieved in vivo by neurotrophin-induced attraction of neurites through an intracochlear gel-nanomatrix onto a modified nanoCI electrode array located in the scala tympani of deafened guinea pigs. Functionally, the gapless interface led to lower stimulation thresholds and a larger dynamic range in vivo, and to reduced stimulation energy requirement (up to fivefold) in an in vitro model using auditory neurons cultured on multi-electrode arrays. In conclusion, the NANOCI project yielded proof of concept that a gapless interface between auditory neurons and cochlear implant electrode arrays is feasible. These findings may be of relevance for the development of future CI systems with better sound quality and performance and lower energy consumption. The present overview/review paper summarizes the NANOCI project history and highlights achievements of the individual work packages.