gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Geochemical Logging Tool for Determination of Formation Chemistry and Mineralogy in both Conventional and Unconventional Reservoirs (2018)

Abstract A new geochemical logging tool has been designed and developed for the precise determination of formation chemistry, mineralogy, and lithology, as well as the identification of total organic carbon (TOC). The primary elements identified by the system include aluminum, calcium, carbon, chlorine, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, sulfur, thorium, titanium, and uranium. These elements are utilized to identify the minerals present in both conventional and unconventional formations. Tool operation begins by emitting high energy 14 MeV neutrons into the formation from a pulsed neutron generator, and the resulting gamma rays are intercepted by a high resolution, state of the art, LaBr3(Ce) detector. In order to exclude background gamma rays and provide a clean capture spectrum, a boron coating has been placed on the housing. The 3.25-inch tool diameter makes the system easier to operate in small boreholes as well as in horizontal wells. The extensive set of detected elements is made possible by the PNG, where high speed electronics are incorporated to accrue both capture and inelastic energy spectra. A Levenberg-Marquardt matrix inversion algorithm is employed to separate the spectra into their fundamental elemental components. Characterization of the system has been achieved through numerous measurements in more than 30 formations from a newly constructed Rock Formation Laboratory in Fort Worth, Texas as well as at the Callisto Facility in the United Kingdom. A significant number of core samples were obtained from these formations and analyzed for elemental and mineralogical composition. Extensive use of MCNP modeling was exploited for the design and characterization of the system. The final lithological and mineralogical interpretation is guided by the elemental concentrations of the various elements, as well as the computation of intrinsic sigma. Magnesium is used to differentiate between calcite and dolomite in carbonate formations. Aluminum, iron, and potassium, in addition to silicon, provide the information required to distinguish the various clays in sand/shale formations. Sulfur is vital for the identification of both pyrite and anhydrite. Ternary plots are generated to aid in the final interpretation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this work, log examples from the field are provided.
Nephron specificity of dopamine receptor-adenylyl cyclase defect in spontaneous hypertension (1993)

Since DA1 receptors regulate renal tubular sodium transport, it is possible that the reported defect in the coupling between the DA1 dopamine receptor and adenylyl cyclase (AC) in the proximal tubule (PT) is a mechanism for the increased sodium reabsorption in animal models of spontaneous hypertension. Because the distal nephron may participate in the increased sodium retention in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), we determined whether the defective DA1 receptor-AC coupling described in PT of SHR is also present in the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Radioligand binding studies with the DA1 antagonist 125I-Sch 23982 revealed similar dissociation constants and maximum receptor densities in the CCD from Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR. Fenoldopam, a DA1-selective agonist, stimulated AC activity to a similar extent in CCD from both rat groups. Therefore the defective DA1 receptor-AC coupling in SHR has nephron segment specificity, since it is present in PT but not in CCD. One of the AC-linked dopamine receptors is an intronless D1A cloned from brain, which is also present in PT. Because the coupling defect in the PT may reside in the third cytoplasmic loop (involved in G protein coupling), we compared the sequence of this segment of the cloned D1A receptor using genomic DNA. Because no differences were noted between WKY and SHR, the coupling defect in the PT is not due to a mutation at the third cytoplasmic loop of the D1A receptor.
Activation parameters for thiolate-disulfide interchange reactions in aqueous solution (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTActivation parameters for thiolate-disulfide interchange reactions in aqueous solutionGeorge M. Whitesides, Janette Houk, and Mark A. K. PattersonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 1, 112–115Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00149a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00149a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Secondary Prevention Care after Myocardial Infarction and Stroke (2006)

Compared to the cardiac event group, the quality of care of the cerebrovascular event group is lower and should be improved.
Differential Uptake of Nanoparticles and Microparticles by Pulmonary APC Subsets Induces Discrete Immunological Imprints (2013)

There is increasing interest in the use of engineered particles for biomedical applications, although questions exist about their proinflammatory properties and potential adverse health effects. Lung macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) are key regulators of pulmonary immunity, but little is known about their uptake of different sized particles or the nature of the induced immunological imprint. We investigated comparatively the immunological imprints of inert nontoxic polystyrene nanoparticles 50 nm in diameter (PS50G) and 500 nm in diameter (PS500G). Following intratracheal instillation into naive mice, PS50G were preferentially taken up by alveolar and nonalveolar macrophages, B cells, and CD11b(+) and CD103(+) DC in the lung, but exclusively by DC in the draining lymph node (LN). Negligible particle uptake occurred in the draining LN 2 h postinstillation, indicating that particle translocation does not occur via lymphatic drainage. PS50G but not PS500G significantly increased airway levels of mediators that drive DC migration/maturation and DC costimulatory molecule expression. Both particles decreased frequencies of stimulatory CD11b(+)MHC class II(hi) allergen-laden DC in the draining LN, with PS50G having the more pronounced effect. These distinctive particle imprints differentially modulated induction of acute allergic airway inflammation, with PS50G but not PS500G significantly inhibiting adaptive allergen-specific immunity. Our data show that nanoparticles are taken up preferentially by lung APC stimulate cytokine/chemokine production and pulmonary DC maturation and translocate to the lung-draining LN via cell-associated transport. Collectively, these distinctive particle imprints differentially modulate development of subsequent lung immune responses. These findings support the development of lung-specific particulate vaccines, drug delivery systems, and immunomodulators.
A Proof of Security of a Mesh Security Architecture. (2007)

The IEEE 802.11s standard is tasked to provide ways of establishing and securing a wireless mesh network. One proposal establishes a Mesh Security Architecture (MSA), with an interesting key hierarchy and full protocol definitions. This paper proves the correctness and security of the MSA proposal and its corresponding protocols. We also propose and prove the security of an additional protocol (an abbreviated handshake) which offers a substantial efficiency improvement in certain instances. To prove the entire architecture secure, we utilize Protocol Composition Logic (PCL) to prove each protocol secure. From that basis, we can show the protocols compose securely to prove the entire architecture. We also contribute some novel concepts to PCL, to allow us to prove the security of the overall architecture.
Activity of pentamidine and pentamidine analogs against Toxoplasma gondii in cell cultures (1991)

The capabilities of pentamidine and nine pentamidine analogs to inhibit the development of Toxoplasma gondii were examined in vitro. Treatment of infected cultures with pentamidine and five of its analogs caused a significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in the numbers of tachyzoites produced. Analogs of pentamidine may be useful agents in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.
Obese mice exposed to psychosocial stress display cardiac and hippocampal dysfunction associated with local brain-derived neurotrophic factor depletion (2019)

PS and obesity synergistically deteriorate myocardial structure and function by depleting cardiac BDNF/TrkB content, leading to augmented oxidative stress. This comorbidity triggers behavioral deficits and induces hippocampal remodeling, potentially via lower BDNF and TrkB levels. FUND: J.A. was in part supported by Rotary Foundation Global Study Scholarship. G.K. was supported by T32 National Institute of Health (NIH) training grant under award number 1T32AG058527. S.C. was funded by American Heart Association Career Development Award (19CDA34760185). G.A.R.C. was funded by NIH (K01HL133368-01). APB was funded by a Grant from the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region entitled: "Heart failure as the Alzheimer disease of the heart; therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities". M.C. was supported by PRONAT project (CNR). N.P. was funded by NIH (R01 HL136918) and by the Magic-That-Matters fund (JHU). V.L. was in part supported by institutional funds from Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Pisa, Italy), by the TIM-Telecom Italia (WHITE Lab, Pisa, Italy), by a research grant from Pastificio Attilio Mastromauro Granoro s.r.l. (Corato, Italy) and in part by ETHERNA project (Prog. n. 161/16, Fondazione Pisa, Italy). Funding source had no such involvement in study design, in the collection, analysis, interpretation of data, in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
Instantaneous Functionalization of Chemically Etched Silicon Nanocrystal Surfaces (2016)

Abstract Remarkable advances in surface hydrosilylation reactions of C=C and C=O bonds on hydride‐terminated silicon have revolutionized silicon surface functionalization. However, existing methods for functionalizing hydride‐terminated Si nanocrystals (H‐SiNCs) require long reaction times and elevated temperatures. Herein, we report a room‐temperature method for functionalizing H‐SiNC surfaces within seconds by stripping outermost atoms on H‐SiNC surfaces with xenon difluoride (XeF 2 ). Detailed analysis of the reaction byproducts by in situ NMR spectroscopy and GC‐MS provided unprecedented insight into NC surface composition and reactivity as well as the complex reaction mechanism of XeF 2 activated hydrosilylation.
A low-cost W-band MIC mixer using flip-chip technology (1997)

The authors describe a novel mixer fabricated using a unique low-cost approach to achieve effective conversion performance. By utilizing flip-chip GaAs Schottky diodes mounted on a duroid substrate, this radio frequency (RF) probable mixer achieves 11.3-dB conversion loss at 77 GHz with an IF frequency of 500 MHz. This new technology demonstrates an affordable alternative to standard millimeter-wave circuit fabrication while offering the capability to integrate a variety of device technologies in the same circuit.
Procedural approach to mitigating concurrently applied clinical practice guidelines (2013)

There is a pressing need in clinical practice to mitigate (identify and address) adverse interactions that occur when a comorbid patient is managed according to multiple concurrently applied disease-specific clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). We describe an automatic algorithm for mitigating undesirable interactions for pairs of CPGs. The algorithm constructs logical models of processed CPGs and employs constraint logic programming to solve them. It handles two important issues frequently occurring in CPGs – iterative actions forming a cycle and numerical measurements. Dealing with these two issues in practice relies on a physician’s knowledge and the manual analysis of CPGs. Yet for guidelines to be considered stand-alone and an easy to use clinical decision support tool this process needs to be automated. In this paper we present our algorithm that aims to build such a tool by mitigating multiple CPGs while handling cycles and numerical measurements. The application of the mitigation algorithm is illustrated with a clinical case study involving a comorbid patient suffering from atrial fibrillation in the setting of WolffParkinsons-White syndrome.
Closed-loop control for pediatric Type 1 diabetes mellitus (2015)

SUMMARY  Closed-loop clinical trials have resulted in significant advances with continuous glucose monitoring and control systems modulating insulin delivery. Those trials were performed in closely supervised clinical research settings; while adults with Type 1 diabetes were initially targeted, studies in children with Type 1 diabetes have followed in both clinical research units and pediatric diabetes camps. These studies have been conducted as multicenter and multinational efforts. Pediatric studies have since been piloted in home settings overnight for control during sleep. The stage is now set for accelerating efforts, extending the number of patients enrolled, the amount of time during which the system is active daily and the duration of the clinical trials.
Agents on the Web: Agent Jurisprudence. (1998)

The agent metaphor comes packaged with a number of powerful abstractions. Some of these are psychological, such as beliefs, knowledge, and intentions—abstractions that were traditionally studied in AI. However, there are a number of other abstractions that the agent metaphor brings to the fore. Of these, we have been emphasizing the social abstractions. Close cousins of the social abstractions are the ethical and legal abstractions. These too are being recognized as increasingly important in developing agents that are not only sociable, but also well behaved. AN UPRIGHT AGENT Traditional computing approaches to actions focus on their causes and effects. But with agents, we also need to distinguish between right and wrong, legal and illegal. We need to make this distinction as agent developers, and we
Type I IFN Signaling Constrains IL-17A/F Secretion by γδ T Cells during Bacterial Infections (2010)

Recognition of intracellular bacteria by macrophages leads to secretion of type I IFNs. However, the role of type I IFN during bacterial infection is still poorly understood. Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a pathogenic bacterium that replicates in the cytosol of macrophages leading to secretion of type I IFN. In this study, we investigated the role of type I IFNs in a mouse model of tularemia. Mice deficient for type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1(-/-)) are more resistant to intradermal infection with F. tularensis subspecies novicida (F. novicida). Increased resistance to infection was associated with a specific increase in IL-17A/F and a corresponding expansion of an IL-17A(+) gammadelta T cell population, indicating that type I IFNs negatively regulate the number of IL-17A(+) gammadelta T cells during infection. Furthermore, IL-17A-deficient mice contained fewer neutrophils compared with wild-type mice during infection, indicating that IL-17A contributes to neutrophil expansion during F. novicida infection. Accordingly, an increase in IL-17A in IFNAR1(-/-) mice correlated with an increase in splenic neutrophil numbers. Similar results were obtained in a mouse model of pneumonic tularemia using the highly virulent F. tularensis subspecies tularensis SchuS4 strain and in a mouse model of systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection. Our results indicate that the type I IFN-mediated negative regulation of IL-17A(+) gammadelta T cell expansion is conserved during bacterial infections. We propose that this newly described activity of type I IFN signaling might participate in the resistance of the IFNAR1(-/-) mice to infection with F. novicida and other intracellular bacteria.
ChemInform Abstract: Pb3F5NO3, a Cationic Layered Material for Anion‐Exchange. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Estimation of frequency characteristics of reflectarray by introducing aberration theory (2017)

In this paper, aberration theory will be introduced to estimate the frequency characteristics of reflectarrays. By introducing aberration theory, the mechanisms of the frequency characteristics of the beam squint and the phase errors on the aperture will be qualitatively clarified. The validity will be quantitatively verified by simulations.
Catalytic Routes to Hydro(chloro)fluorocarbons (1999)

The prelims comprise: Background Catalytic Transformations CFC Destruction Purification Techniques Opportunities for the Future Conclusions
Most-Urgent-First Protocol for Real-Time Wireless Channels in a Digital Cellular/PCN Environment (1995)

Providing mobile clients with real-time access to a shared information base in a digital cellular or Personal Communication Network (PCN) environment is vital to the success of many future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications. The well-known limiting factors of such an environment are the relatively low channel bandwidth, a small number of available channels, and a potentially large number of users/clients to serve. We propose a most-urgent-first (MUF) protocol to solve the problem of accessing the reverse traffic channels where mobile clients compete for use of the channels to convey their requests to the server. We also present a method for evaluating the urgency of each client&amp;apos;s request for traffic information. The MUF protocol gives more urgent requests higher priority, responds faster to more important inquiries, accommodates more clients in each channel, and allows information sharing among a potentially large number of clients. Moreover, all services can be prov...
Angiogenic competency of biodegradable hydrogels fabricated from polyethylene glycol-crosslinked tyrosine-derived polycarbonates (2008)

Synthetic biomaterials can be used as instructive biological milieus to guide cellular behaviour and function. To further realize this application, we synthesized a series of structurally similar hydrogels and tested their ability to modulate angiogenesis. Hydrogels were synthesized from poly(DTE-co-x% DT carbonate) crosslinked by y% poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Hydrogel desaminotyrosyl tyrosine (DT) contents (x%) ranged from 10-100%, and crosslink densities (y% PEG-crosslinker) ranged from 5-80%. The hydrogels were fashioned into porous scaffolds with highly interconnected macro- and micro-pore (>100 and 10 mm in diameter, respectively) architecture using poly(DTE-co-10%DT carbonate% crosslinked with 8% PEG. Under physiological conditions (in vitro), the hydrogels degraded into three major products: desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine ethyl ester (DTE), desaminotyrosyl tyrosine (DT), and poly(ethylene glycol)-di-DT-hydrazide (PEG-di-DT hydrazide). Increasing either DT content or crosslink density brought quickened degradation. Because DT and DTE, two of the three major degradation products, have not demonstrated any noticeable cytotoxicity or angiogenic effect in previous studies, we measured the cytotoxicity of PEG-di-DT hydrazide, the third major degradation product. We found that PEG-di-DT hydrazide only displayed significant cytotoxicity at the high concentration of 100 mg/mL. Interestingly, PEG-di-DT hydrazide and its further degradation product PEG-dihydrazide stimulated in vitro endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis, which is comparable to results found with FGF-beta treatment. Subcutaneous implantation of the PEG-crosslinked poly(DTE-co-10%DT carbonate) scaffolds into the backs of rats elicited greater tissue growth over time and superior vascularization than poly(DTE carbonate) implantation. These results show that this new class of biomaterials has a strong potential to modulate angiogenesis.
Demonstration of a high-density parallel-DWM optical interconnect (2004)

This work presents the first fully-functional 48-channel parallel-wavelength-division-multiplexed (PWDM) transmitter, receiver and link results at a per-channel data rate of 5.21-Gb/s. This high-density PWDM optical interconnect gives an aggregate link bandwidth of a quarter terabit per second.
Blind estimation and equalization of time- and frequency- selective channels using filterbank precoders (2002)

Novel channel estimation and symbol recovery algorithms are proposed for the identification and equalization of time- and frequency-selective channels where the time variation is modeled by a basis expansion. The resulting algorithm enables the usage of a single antenna, dispenses with channel disparity conditions of existing approaches, and allows channel order overestimation. Simulations illustrate the approach.
A screen-printed electrode modified with gold nanoparticles/cellulose nanocrystals for electrochemical detection of 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diamine (2023)

Developing simple, cost-effective, easy-to-use, and reliable analytical devices if of utmost importance for the food industry for rapid in-line checks of their products that must comply with the provisions set by the current legislation. The purpose of this study was to develop a new electrochemical sensor for the food packaging sector. More specifically, we propose a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the quantification of 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diamine (MDA), which is one of the most important PAAs that can transfer from food packaging materials into food stuffs. The electrochemical performance of the proposed sensor (AuNPs/CNCs/SPE) in the presence of 4,4'-MDA was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified AuNPs/CNCs/SPE showed the highest sensitivity for 4,4'-MDA detection, with a peak current of 9.81 μA compared with 7.08 μA for the bare SPE. The highest sensitivity for 4,4'-MDA oxidation was observed at pH = 7, whereas the detection limit was found at 57 nM and the current response of 4,4'-MDA rose linearly as its concentration increased from 0.12 μM to 100 μM. Experiments using real packaging materials revealed that employing nanoparticles dramatically improved both the sensitivity and the selectivity of the sensor, which can be thus considered as a new analytical tool for quick, simple, and accurate measurement of 4,4'-MDA during converting operations.