gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The perceptual effects of retinal electrical stimulation (2010)

Photoreceptor loss due to severe retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration is one of the major causes of blindness in the Western world,and the prevalence of these diseases is likely to increase dramatically as the population ages. Currently there are several groups trying to develop retinal prostheses, analogous to cochlear implants, in which photoreceptor input is replaced by direct electrical stimulation. Recently six patients have been implanted chronically with simple 4x4 retinal prostheses lying over the inner retinal layer. We report here psychophysical data examining the perceptual consequences of electrical stimulation on a single electrode. These data include (1) how thresholds decrease with pulse duration and decrease as a function of electrode height above the retinal surface, (2) how brightness increases as a function of stimulation intensity, and (3) how pulses interact over time.
Degradation mechanism of electrode tip during alternate resistance spot welding of zinc-coated galvannealed and uncoated steel sheets (2012)

Abstract This study investigated the electrode life and the electrode degradation mechanism during alternate resistance spot welding of galvannealed steel sheets and bare steel sheets. As a result, it was found that the electrode life in this type of welding was extremely short in comparison to welding of only galvannealed steel sheets. The reason for this short life is explained by the sticking of the alloy layers formed on the electrode top to the bare steel sheet surface, so that the narrower and sharper shape the original electrode top is the better to prolong the life. Although the ring-shaped nuggets were not formed during alternate resistance DC welding, the electrode degradation mechanism is similar to that during the resistance DC welding of only galvannealed steel sheets. Keywords: resistance spot weldingzinc-coated steel sheetelectrode tipelectrode liferinged nugget
In situ formation of bromobenzene diazonium ions and their spontaneous reaction with carbon-coated LiFePO4 in organic media (2016)

In this study, the diazotization of bromoaniline in the presence of carbon-coated LiFePO<sub>4</sub> and the grafting of bromobenzene moieties are investigated.
The Effects of Rate‐Adaptive Atrial Pacing Versus Ventricular Backup Pacing on Exercise Capacity in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction (2008)

In this study, AAIR pacing did not improve peak VO(2,) anaerobic threshold, rate of perceived exertion, or exercise duration compared to VVI backup pacing in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and no pacing indications.
Analytical Approach to Screen Semiconducting MOFs Using Bloch Mode Analysis and Spectroscopic Measurements (2021)

A rapid and simple analytical approach is developed to screen the semiconducting properties of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) by modeling the band structure and predicting the density of state of isoreticular MOFs (IRMOFs). One can consider the periodic arrangement of metal nodes linked by organic subunits as a 1D periodic array crystal model, which can be aligned with any unit-cell axis included in the IRMOF's primitive cubic lattice. In such a structure, each valence electron of a metal atom feels the potential field of the entire periodic array. We allocate the 1D periodic array in a crystal unit cell to three IRMOFs-<i>n</i> (<i>n</i> = 1, 8, and 10) of the Zn<sub>4</sub>O(L)<sub>3</sub> IRMOF series and apply the model to their crystal lattices with unit-cell constants <i>a</i> = 25.66, 30.09, and 34.28 Å, respectively. By solving Schrödinger's equation with a Kronig-Penney periodic potential and fitting the computed energy spectra to IRMOFs' experimental spectroscopic data, we model electronic band structures and obtain densities of state. The band diagram of each IRMOF reveals the nature of its electronic structures and density of state, allowing one to identify its n- or p-type semiconducting behavior. This novel analytical approach serves as a predictive and rapid screening tool to search the MOF database to identify potential semiconducting MOFs.
Downside of wavelength assignment aware of intra-OXC add/drop contention in WDM networks (2020)

We examine how the ultimate performance of WDM networks is affected when the wavelength assignment strategy aims at minimizing their number of colorless/directionless add/drop blocks, and so why contentionless optical node layout is preferable.
Performance and Mechanism of a Multi-Functional Superplasticizer for Concrete (2006)

Shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) have been used for several years to reduce the shrinkage of concrete. However, because their prices are very expensive and their dosages are very large, it is not economical for their practical application. Another problem of SRA is the degradation of compressive strength of concrete with SRA. In order to solve the two problems, a new polycarboxylate based superplasticizer with shrinkage reducing function was developed and its mechanism was investigated. According to experimental results, the admixture named JM-PCA (IV) reduces shrinkage of concrete effectively and reduces water content effectively. JM-PCA (IV) at a dosage of 0.25% decreases the shrinkage of concrete by about 40 to 55 percent at 28 days and 60 days when compared with sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate superplasticizer at a dosage 0.74%. The possible reason is that a shrinkage reducing component (SRC) and long ethylene oxides(EO) side chain were introduced into the molecular structure. The adsorption-reduction of interface tension is thought to be its main action mechanism of the reduction of shrinkage of JM-PCA (IV).
Linear Generator Connected to a Resonance-Rectifier Circuit (2013)

This paper describes a linear direct driven generator used for wave energy utilization. The generator is placed on the seabed and connected to a buoy on the ocean surface. Due to the reciprocating motion of the translator, an electrical conversion system is needed between the wave energy converter (WEC) and the grid. Depending on how the conversion system is designed, the generator will be subjected to different loads. A novel conversion system is presented in this paper where the voltage from the WEC is rectified in a resonance circuit. Both simulations and experiments are performed on the circuit. The results from the simulations show that a higher power absorption and power production can be achieved with the resonance circuit compared to a WEC connected to a passive rectifier. A WEC, L9, developed by Uppsala University (Uppsala, Sweden) was used in the experiment. Significantly higher power absorption was obtained for L9 compared to power data from the first installed WEC, L1, at the Lysekil research site.
Busy Period, Congestion Analysis and Loss Probability in Fluid Queues (2021)

Stochastic fluid flow models and in particular those driven by Markov chains have been intensively studied in the last two decades. This chapter analyzes congestion when the buffer content is described by means of a Markov modulated fluid flow model in the stationary regime. It describes a methodology to compute exactly the loss probability of a finite-capacity system. The approach is based on the computation of hitting probabilities jointly with the peak level reached during a busy period, both in the infinite and finite buffer case. The chapter considers a classical fluid queue with infinite buffering capacity. This allows us to describe the buffer fluctuations and introduce the notation and the variables necessary to study the fluid queue when the buffer is finite.
zkBridge: Trustless Cross-chain Bridges Made Practical (2022)

Blockchains have seen growing traction with cryptocurrencies reaching a market cap of over 1 trillion dollars, major institution investors taking interests, and global impacts on governments, businesses, and individuals. Also growing significantly is the heterogeneity of the ecosystem where a variety of blockchains co-exist. Cross-chain bridge is a necessary building block in this multi-chain ecosystem. Existing solutions, however, either suffer from performance issues or rely on trust assumptions of committees that significantly lower the security. Recurring attacks against bridges have cost users more than 1.5 billion USD. In this paper, we introduce zkBridge, an efficient cross-chain bridge that guarantees strong security without external trust assumptions. With succinct proofs, zkBridge not only guarantees correctness, but also significantly reduces on-chain verification cost. We propose novel succinct proof protocols that are orders-of-magnitude faster than existing solutions for workload in zkBridge. With a modular design, zkBridge enables a broad spectrum of use cases and capabilities, including message passing, token transferring, and other computational logic operating on state changes from different chains. To demonstrate the practicality of zkBridge, we implemented a prototype bridge from Cosmos to Ethereum, a particularly challenging direction that involves large proof circuits that existing systems cannot efficiently handle. Our evaluation shows that zkBridge achieves practical performance: proof generation takes less than 20 seconds, while verifying proofs on-chain costs less than 230K gas. For completeness, we also implemented and evaluated the direction from Ethereum to other EVM-compatible chains (such as BSC) which involves smaller circuits and incurs much less overhead.
Flame Hydrolysis (2008)

Abstract The sections in this article are Manufacture of Pyrogenic Oxides Physico‐Chemical Properties of Pyrogenic Oxides Preparation of Formed Supports Applications Conclusions
Evolution of Hemodiafiltration (2007)

The evolution of hemodiafiltration (HDF) has become possible by the advances in the construction of dialysis membranes. The availability of a high-flux membrane, partially hydrophilic with high sieving coefficients and a reduced wall thickness has made it possible to conveniently combine diffusion and convection for blood purification. The second important step has been the development of accurate ultrafiltration control systems. Machines capable of managing large amounts of fluid turnover allowed safe and effective HDF. Some new dialysis machines are specifically designed to perform HDF with adequate embedded software. The third step regards the production of large amounts of ultrapure dialysate and replacement fluid. For years replacement fluid was produced in bags, while recently, online production has enabled high volume exchanges in HDF. All these advances, together with the creativity of several groups, have spurred new interest in HDF and have led to the development of various HDF techniques, which are successfully applied to uremic patients with important clinical benefits.
Radiologically Guided Placement of Mushroom-retained Gastrostomy Catheters: Long-term Outcomes of Use in 300 Patients at a Single Center (2015)

Placement of mushroom-retained gastrostomy catheters is a viable long-term treatment option for enteral nutrition, with complication rates similar to those reported for other gastrostomy techniques. Improvement in nutrition status measured as weight gain was seen in most patients in both early and long-term periods.
Using Intent Information to Model User Behavior in Diversified Search. (2013)

A result page of a modern commercial search engine often contains documents of different types targeted to satisfy different user intents (news, blogs, multimedia). When evaluating system performance and making design decisions we need to better understand user behavior on such result pages. To address this problem various click models have previously been proposed. In this paper we focus on result pages containing fresh results and propose a way to model user intent distribution and bias due to different document presentation types. To the best of our knowledge this is the first work that successfully uses intent and layout information to improve existing click models.
Ten-micron instrument MIDI: getting ready for observations on the VLTI (2003)

International audience
Controlling oncogenic KRAS signaling pathways with a Palladium-responsive peptide (2022)

RAS oncoproteins are molecular switches associated with critical signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in the RAS family, mainly in the KRAS isoform, are responsible for some of the deadliest cancers, which has made this protein a major target in biomedical research. Here we demonstrate that a designed bis-histidine peptide derived from the αH helix of the cofactor SOS1 binds to KRAS with high affinity upon coordination to Pd(II). NMR spectroscopy and MD studies demonstrate that Pd(II) has a nucleating effect that facilitates the access to the bioactive α-helical conformation. The binding can be suppressed by an external metal chelator and recovered again by the addition of more Pd(II), making this system the first switchable KRAS binder, and demonstrates that folding-upon-binding mechanisms can operate in metal-nucleated peptides. In vitro experiments show that the metallopeptide can efficiently internalize into living cells and inhibit the MAPK kinase cascade.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Effects of HER Family–targeting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity in HER2-expressing Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional supporting information for methods outlined in main manuscript&lt;/p&gt;
A tunable PDL element using twisted tilted fiber gratings (2003)

We demonstrate compact, broadband, tunable PDL device using an azimuthally twisted 45/spl deg/ tilted fiber grating. We apply our device to compensate the polarization dependent responsivity of a nonlinear Si APD.
Structure-solubility relationships in fluoride-containing phosphate based bioactive glasses (2015)

The dissolution of fluoride-containing bioactive glasses critically affects their biomedical applications. Most commercial fluoride-releasing bioactive glasses have been designed in the soda-lime-silica system. However, their relatively slow chemical dissolution and the adverse effect of fluoride on their bioactivity are stimulating the study of alternative biodegradable materials with higher biodegradability, such as biodegradable phosphate-based bioactive glasses, which can be a good candidate for applications where a fast release of active ions is sought. In order to design new biomaterials with controlled degradability and high bioactivity, it is essential to understand the connection between chemical composition, molecular structure, and solubility in physiological fluids. Accordingly, in this work we have combined the strengths of various experimental techniques with Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, to elucidate the impact of fluoride ions on the structure and chemical dissolution of bioactive phosphate glasses in the system: 10Na<sub>2</sub>O-(45 -x)CaO-45P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-xCaF<sub>2</sub>, where x varies between 0-10 mol%. NMR and MD data reveal that the medium-range atomic-scale structure of these glasses is dominated by Q<sup>2</sup> phosphate units followed by Q<sup>1</sup> units, and the MD simulations further show that fluoride tends to associate with network modifier cations to form alkali/alkaline-earth rich ionic aggregates. The impact of fluoride on chemical dissolution of glasses has been studied in deionized water, acidic (pH = 3.0), neutral (pH = 7.4) and basic (pH = 9.0) buffer solutions, while the bioactivity and cytotoxicity of glasses has been studied in vitro through their apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cell culture tests on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), respectively. The macroscopic trends observed from various chemical dissolution and bioactivity studies are discussed on the basis of the effect of fluoride on the atomistic structure of glasses, such as F-induced phosphate network re-polymerization, in an attempt to establish composition-structure-property relationships for these biomaterials.
ADVACT: A European Programme Investigating Adaptive Technologies for Future Aero Gas Turbine Engines (2008)

*† ‡ § ** †† ‡‡ §§ , *** ††† , ‡‡‡ §§§ **** This paper will give an overview of flow-actuation systems contemplated in the ADVACT project, a European programme funded under the 6th Framework Programme. The project addresses the application of actuator technology in an aircraft engine environment, in particular flow-control of intake under strong cross-wind conditions, flow-control of low and high speed cascade blades and variable area nozzles by Shape Memory Alloys. The primary objective of ADVACT is to enable the achievements of improvements in operation, costs and reduction of environmental impact of gas turbines by the provision of extended in-flight actuation and control of engine parameters. Extended simulation work along with both material and devices characterization has enabled the ADVACT Consortium to design appropriate actuation systems that are aimed at engineconditions. Simulation and device characterization are the primary objects of this paper along with some insight on construction of rigs for testing under engine like conditions; this latter being the object of future work within ADVACT. Engine performance analysis with the adoption of some of these advanced actuation techniques is also investigated and data on 2 and 3-shaft engines are presented.
An EPR Study of the Transfer and Trapping of Holes Produced by Radiation in Guanine (Thioguanine) Hydrochloride Single Crystals (1999)

Single crystals of guanine hydrochloride monohydrate, guanine hydrochloride dihydrate and anhydrous guanine dihydrochloride, doped with thioguanine, were irradiated with X and gamma rays. In all three systems the dominant radicals were associated with thioguanine. In the former two systems the stabilized species is the thiyl radical, formed by initial loss of an electron at some of the guanines in the crystal lattice, followed by hole migration to thioguanine and subsequent deprotonation of the radical formed. In the anhydrous guanine(thioguanine) dihydrochloride, that process is followed by acquisition of a chlorine ion. In the guanine hydrochloride monohydrate and guanine hydrochloride dihydrate lattices, systems of interacting closely spaced stacked bases and strings of chloride ions might support the migration of electrons and/or holes. In anhydrous guanine dihydrochloride, neither the bases nor the Cl- ions alone are capable of providing the means for the long-range electron, energy and spin transfer. It is the interchangeable sequence of the charged bases and the Cl- ions that makes the supporting strings or networks. The ultimate chlorination of the thioguanine-centered electron-loss radicals depends mainly on the availability of the Cl- ions and the space for their accommodation in the vicinity of the sulfur atom.
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Pleomorphic Disease with Unusual Clinical Presentations - Report of Three Cases (2020)

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the anopheline mosquito. This study focused on describe three cases of atypical clinical presentations on patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis from Dermatology Department of the State University of the State of Pará. Methods and Findings: Three patients assisted at a referral service between 2017 and 2019 are reported, based on clinical interview, histopathological analysis and polymerase chain reaction. On the first patient, it was observed keratotic erythematous vegetative plaque measuring 10x8 cm, with satellite lesions, in the left lower limb; the second patient presented an erythematous infiltrated plaque with crusts, on left ear for 6 months, with progressive growth; the third patient showed erythematous infiltrated plaques, sometimes ulcerated, in the trunk and face, with a zosteriform aspect. All three patients had the diagnosis confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and histopathological analysis. Conclusions: The wide range of clinical manifestations may be related to factors such as: use of immunosuppressive drugs, concomitant infections with more than one variety of Leishmania spp. and association with other systemic diseases, with HIV co-infection and diabetes being the main associated diseases. Thus, it is always necessary to evaluate such comorbidities on patients with leishmaniasis suspection, in order to avoid misdiagnosis.
Abstract 1536: Characterization of tumor cell lines selected for resistance to the HDM2 antagonist Nutlin-3a (2010)

Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 is activated in response to various cellular stress signals including DNA damage and oncogene activation. Activated p53 regulates the expression of multiple downstream target genes involved in cell cycle control, cell death and senescence. Dysfunction of the p53 pathway is the most frequent alteration in human cancers. HDM2 protein binds directly to p53 and acts as a major negative regulator of the p53 function. Nutlin-3a is an antagonist of the HDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction and restores p53 pathway function in tumors with wild-type p53. Nutlin-3a demonstrates anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Emergence of resistance is frequently observed with many anti-cancer therapeutics. The goal of the current studies is to understand the mechanism of resistance to Nutlin-3a. Cancer cell lines were treated with Nutlin-3a for an extended period and resistant clones were isolated. We found using molecular profiling studies that the emergence of Nutlin resistance is primarily due to the inactivation of the p53 signaling pathway through either mutation of the p53 gene or loss of p53 protein expression. These Nutlin-resistant cells are also resistant to others antagonists of the HDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction. These results suggest that, following chronic treatment, resistance to HDM2 antagonists may occur in the clinic. It will be important to combine HDM2 antagonists with other anti-cancer drugs early on during the treatment cycle in order to minimize the emergence of resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1536.
Clinical and economic outcomes after introduction of drug-eluting stents. (2010)

Patients undergoing PCI following DES introduction experienced improved clinical outcomes during follow-up and reduced overall procedural costs, despite higher stent acquisition costs.
Effects of Time Delay on Force-Feedback Teleoperation Systems (2004)

This paper focuses on the effects of constant time-delays on force-reflecting teleoperation systems. The wave variable method is used to investigate its effectiveness in the presence of time delays. The master (joystick) and the slave system (remote mobile robot) dynamics and the controller are modeled in the Matlab © environment. Performance of the teleoperation system controlled by the wave variable technique is simulated under the effect of time delays and compared to that of the system without time delay and when the wave variable method is not applied. It is noted that the development of the simulation model in Matlab© aims to widen the current research to real-time application of the same control algorithm by using the Matlab © Real-Time Windows Target.