gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbial biotransformation – an important tool for the study of drug metabolism (2018)

Metabolite identification is an integral part of both preclinical and clinical drug discovery and development. Synthesis of drug metabolites is often required to support definitive identification, preclinical safety studies and clinical trials. Here we describe the use of microbial biotransformation as a tool to produce drug metabolites, complementing traditional chemical synthesis and other biosynthetic methods such as hepatocytes, liver microsomes and recombinant human drug metabolizing enzymes. A workflow is discussed whereby microbial strains are initially screened for their ability to form the putative metabolites of interest, followed by a scale-up to afford quantities sufficient to perform definitive identification and further studies. Examples of the microbial synthesis of several difficult-to-synthesize hydroxylated metabolites and three difficult-to-synthesize glucuronidated metabolites are described, and the use of microbial biotransformation in drug discovery and development is discussed.
CONTRASTING STACK-BASED AND RECENCY-BASED BACK BUTTONS ON WEB BROWSERS (2000)

People frequently use the ubiquitous Back button found in most Web browsers to return to recently visited pages. Because all commercial browsers implement Back as a stack, previously visited branches of the tree are pruned; this means that people can quickly navigate back up the tree. The problem is that previously seen pages on alternate child branches are no longer reachable through Back. An alternate method is to implement Back on a recency model, where all visited pages are placed on a recency-ordered list with duplicates removed. This means that all previously seen pages are now available via Back. Because advantages and trade-offs exist in both methods, we performed a study that contrasted how people used stack vs recency-based Back. We found that people have a naïve mental model of how the conventional stack-based Back works, typically perceiving it as a recency list. People are also poor predictors of what pages will be displayed with both types of Back buttons. Finally, people seem evenly split over their preference of a stack vs recency-based Back button.
A MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORM FOR THE FLUIDIC ISOLATION AND OBSERVATION OF CELLS CHALLENGED WITH PATHOGENS (2010)

Single-cell analysis offers a promising method of studying cellular functions including investigation of mechanisms of hostpathogen interaction. We are developing a microfluidic platform that integrates single-cell capture along with an optimized interface for high-resolution fluorescence microscopy. The goal is to monitor, using fluorescent reporter constructs and labeled antibodies, the early events in signal transduction in innate immunity pathways of macrophages and other immune cells. The work presented discusses the development of the single-cell capture device, the iCellator chip, that isolates, captures, and exposes cells to pathogenic insults. We have successfully monitored the translocation of NF-B, a transcription factor , from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of RAW264.7 macrophages.
First acidic macro-mesocellular aluminosilicate monolithic foams “SiAl(HIPE)” and their catalytic properties (2015)

A new type of acidic macrocellular and mesoporous silica-alumina foam is obtained via a one pot alkaline sol-gel route coupled with a concentrated emulsion-based templating technique. The mixed oxide monolith exhibits high surface acidity, translating into excellent performance in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of bioethanol to ethene.
Comment on "Influence of Noise and Force Measurements" Reply (2011)

Author: Volpe, G. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 2011; Keywords: MPI für Intelligente Systeme; Max Planck Fellow Bechinger; ; Title: Comment on &quot;Influence of Noise and Force Measurements&quot; Reply
Impact of Ion–Ion Correlated Motion on Salt Transport in Solvated Ion Exchange Membranes (2022)

The influence of dynamical ion-ion correlations and ion pairing on salt transport in ion exchange membranes remain poorly understood. In this study, we use the framework of Onsager transport coefficients within atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to study the impact of ion-ion correlated motion on salt transport in hydrated polystyrene sulfonate membranes and compare with the results from aqueous salt solutions. At sufficiently high salt concentrations, cation-anion dynamical correlations exert a significant influence on both salt diffusivities and conductivities. Anion-anion distinct correlations, arising from the imbalance between the concentration of free (mobile) cations and anions, and the retarding effect of the fixed charge groups on cations, proves to be an additional important feature for polymer membranes. Our results demonstrate that dynamical correlations should become an important consideration in experimental measurements of salt diffusivities and conductivities for non-dilute salt solutions in polymer membranes.
Alternative bearing surfaces--do we need them? (2007)

In this article, we describe briefly the biological mechanisms responsible for aseptic glenoid loosening, review current alternative bearing surfaces, and provide data supporting use of these surfaces for glenoid components.
Metabolic syndrome-breast cancer link varies by intrinsic molecular subtype (2014)

New molecular biomarkers unveiling metabolic syndrome related breast carcinogenesis need to be detected to further stratify breast cancer risk by subtypes.
Proteome analysis of a human uveal melanoma primary cell culture by 2‐DE and MS (2005)

We present here the first proteomics analysis of uveal melanoma (UM) cells. These cells represent a good model for the identification of polypeptide markers, which could be developed as diagnostic tools. UM is the most common primary intraocular tumour in adults. In contrast to other cancers, the survival rate of patients with this malignancy has changed little over the past few decades; a better understanding of the molecular biology of UM oncogenesis and metastasis is needed to build the basis for the identification of novel drug targets. In the study presented here, proteins from a UM primary cell culture were separated by 2-DE using a pI 3-10 gradient; 270 spots were analysed by LC-MS/MS, identifying 683 proteins derived from 393 different genes. Of those, 69 (18%) are related to cancer processes involving cell division, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, oncogenesis, drug resistance and others. To our knowledge, 96% of the proteins identified, including 16 hypothetical proteins, have never been reported in UM before. This study represents the first step towards the establishment of a UM protein database as a valuable resource for the study of this malignancy.
Optimum design and fabrication of volumetric graded substrate for a broad band miniature antenna (2004)

Printed antennas suffer from narrow bandwidth and large size as the frequency is lowered. A novel design procedure based on the integration of full wave FEA and the SIMP design method (Sigmund, O. Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering, vol.190, p.6577-604, 2001) employing sequential linear programming for the optimization was introduced. The capability was demonstrated by achieving a 250% BW improvement for a probe fed patch antenna through the design of only the dielectric substrate while the size is kept constant. The design is filtered and solidified to achieve a manufacturable state. The fabricated final design using thermoplastic green machining is indeed a remarkable demonstration of our ability to design and manufacture novel material compositions with dramatically new applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Antibiotic Maniwamycin A (I). (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Alterations in Subacute and Chronic Stages of a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia (2016)

We previously demonstrated blood-brain barrier impairment in remote contralateral brain areas in rats at 7 and 30 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), indicating ischemic diaschisis. Here, we focused on effects of subacute and chronic focal cerebral ischemia on the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). We observed BSCB damage on both sides of the cervical spinal cord in rats at 7 and 30 days post-tMCAO. Major BSCB ultrastructural changes in spinal cord gray and white matter included vacuolated endothelial cells containing autophagosomes, pericyte degeneration with enlarged mitochondria, astrocyte end-feet degeneration and perivascular edema; damaged motor neurons, swollen axons with unraveled myelin in ascending and descending tracts and astrogliosis were also observed. Evans Blue dye extravasation was maximal at 7 days. There was immunofluorescence evidence of reduction of microvascular expression of tight junction occludin, upregulation of Beclin-1 and LC3B immunoreactivities at 7 days and a reduction of the latter at 30 days post-ischemia. These novel pathological alterations on the cervical spinal cord microvasculature in rats after tMCAO suggest pervasive and long-lasting BSCB damage after focal cerebral ischemia, and that spinal cord ischemic diaschisis should be considered in the pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches in patients with ischemic cerebral infarction.
300mm wafer thinning and backside passivation compatibility with temporary wafer bonding for 3D stacked IC applications (2010)

Thin wafer handling has become a very challenging topic of emerging 3D technologies, and temporary wafer bonding to a carrier support wafer is one way to guarantee the required mechanical stability and rigidity to the thin wafer during subsequent backside processing. The temporary bonding approach followed by Imec is based on the adhesive material HT10.10 from Brewer Science (WaferBond <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> HT-10.10). The thermal and chemical stability of the temporary adhesive layer has been fully assessed and characterized in a 300mm production line, and for the first time we report on the full integration of thin wafer handling with backside processing on 300mm CMOS wafers.
Pan-SARS neutralizing responses after third boost vaccination in non-human primate immunogenicity model (2022)

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially Beta and Delta, has raised concerns about the reduced protection from previous infection or vaccination based on the original Wuhan-Hu-1 (D614) virus. To identify promising regimens for inducing neutralizing titers towards new variants, we evaluated monovalent and bivalent mRNA vaccines either as primary vaccination or as a booster in nonhuman primates (NHPs). Two mRNA vaccines, D614-based MRT5500 and Beta-based MRT5500β, tested in sequential regimens or as a bivalent combination in naïve NHPs produced modest neutralizing titers to heterologous variants. However, when mRNA vaccines were administered as a booster to pre-immune NHPs, we observed a robust increase in neutralizing titers with expanded breadth towards all tested variants, and notably SARS-CoV-1. The breadth of the neutralizing response was independent of vaccine sequence or modality, as we further showed either MRT5500 or recombinant subunit Spike protein (with adjuvant) can serve as boosters to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies in the NHPs primed with MRT5500. The data support the notion that a third vaccination is key to boosting existing titers and improving the breadth of antibodies to address variants of concern, including those with an E484K mutation in the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) (Beta, Gamma).
Prediction of Recidivism by Sex and Number of Siblings (1979)

Recent research (Horton & Medley, 1977) has suggested a significant relationship may exist between the recidivism rates of criminal offenders and one type of family configuration variable, birth order. Family configuration variables have previously been found to be significantly related to intelligence (Zajonc, 1976) and a number of personality constructs (Surton-Smith & Rosenberg, 1970). The present study sought to determine if two other family configuration variables. sex and number of siblings, could be used as joint predictors of criminal recidivism. Subjects were 396 adult male offenders who completed a 10-item questionnaire during intake classification interviews. Four variables [number of older brothers (M = 1.03, a = 1.47), number of older sisters (M = 34, u = 1.27), number of younger brothers (M = 1.28, u = 1.42). number of younger sisters (M = 1.18, a = 1.36)] were formed to represent the joint effects of sex and number of siblings. Outcome criteria were number of prior incarcerations and number of months of incarceration. Standard multiple regression analyses were computed, using the set of family-configuration variables, for each outcome criterion variable in turn. The family-configuration variable of number of older sisters (M = .94, u = 1.27) was significantly related to both number of prior incarcerations (M = 1.60, a = .72; F1.m = 4.66, P < .05) and number of months of incarceration (M = 12.45, a = 28.75; FI,SII = 6.54, P < .01). While the practical significance of these findings is limited by the modest 4 values obtained, .Ol and .02, respectively, cross-validation of these results might yield potentially valuable insights into the personality structures of habitual criminal offenders.
Design and Performance Analysis of an ATSC 3.0 Model in NS-3 (2020)

ATSC 3.0 has been conceived and defined as the first IP-based digital terrestrial television standard. The viewers will have access to more advanced and immersive experiences, while the broadcasters will have a new way to interact with the audience. What is more, this unique feature also paves the path to the definition of a real convergent architecture with other broadband IP networks and the specification of new cooperative and inter-working use cases. Nevertheless, this new approach demands a thorough evaluation of the ATSC 3.0 features, not only as a point-to-multipoint (PTM) tool for media delivery, but also as an interactive player within the Internet framework. So far, there is not a tool to accomplish adequately the evaluation of ATSC 3.0 performance from a data network perspective. This work aims at filling this gap, and consequently, presents an ATSC 3.0 model that can be integrated in NS-3, a widely employed and validated discrete-event network simulator for internet systems. This tool can test the capability of ATSC 3.0 to offer new services in this interconnected heterogeneous scenarios. In the first part of the work, the paper presents the different layers that are part of this software module and how they are connected to the different parts of the network stack. Eventually, in the second part, the model is evaluated for two different scenarios and the most important parameters are studied and discussed.
Supplementary Figure S5 from NAP1051, a Lipoxin A4 Biomimetic Analogue, Demonstrates Antitumor Activity Against the Tumor Microenvironment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5 shows secondary antibody controls for immunofluorescence staining and representative images of the CitH3 staining and PAD4/Ly6G staining.&lt;/p&gt;
Accelerating Discrete Fourier Transforms with dot-product engine (2016)

Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) are extremely useful in signal processing. Usually they are computed with the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method as it reduces the computing complexity from O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) to O(Nlog(N)). However, FFT is still not powerful enough for many real-time tasks which have stringent requirements on throughput, energy efficiency and cost, such as Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we present a solution of computing DFT using the dot-product engine (DPE) - a one transistor one memristor (1T1M) crossbar array with hybrid peripheral circuit support. With this solution, the computing complexity is further reduced to a constant O(λ) independent of the input data size, where λ is the timing ratio of one DPE operation comparing to one real multiplication operation in digital systems.
The peloton bicycling simulator (1998)

Peloton is a sports simulator that uses the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) to create virtual environments for athletic training and competition. In particular, it creates environments suitable for touring or racing along road courses. Users participate in simulations by walking or running on treadmills or by pedaling stationary bicycles. Each user's exercise equipment is attached to a local computer, and these computers are connected to simulation servers by the World Wide Web. Users may exercise alone or share Peloton virtual spaces with others. :
GDC-9545 (Giredestrant): A Potent and Orally Bioavailable Selective Estrogen Receptor Antagonist and Degrader with an Exceptional Preclinical Profile for ER+ Breast Cancer (2021)

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death in women, representing a significant unmet medical need. Here, we disclose our discovery efforts culminating in a clinical candidate, <b>35</b> (GDC-9545 or giredestrant). <b>35</b> is an efficient and potent selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and a full antagonist, which translates into better antiproliferation activity than known SERDs (<b>1</b>, <b>6</b>, <b>7</b>, and <b>9</b>) across multiple cell lines. Fine-tuning the physiochemical properties enabled once daily oral dosing of <b>35</b> in preclinical species and humans. <b>35</b> exhibits low drug-drug interaction liability and demonstrates excellent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> safety profiles. At low doses, <b>35</b> induces tumor regressions either as a single agent or in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor in an ESR1<sup>Y537S</sup> mutant PDX or a wild-type ERα tumor model. Currently, <b>35</b> is being evaluated in Phase III clinical trials.
Deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human pancreatic cells (2021)

SUMMARY COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 46 million people worldwide and caused more than 1.2 million deaths. It is transmitted by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and affects the respiratory tract as well as extra-pulmonary systems, including the pancreas, that express the virus entry receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Importantly, the endocrine and exocrine pancreas, the latter composed of ductal and acinar cells, express high levels of ACE2, which correlates to impaired functionality characterized as acute pancreatitis observed in some cases presenting with COVID-19. Since acute pancreatitis is already one of the most frequent gastrointestinal causes of hospitalization in the U.S. and the majority of studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the pancreas are clinical and observational, we utilized human iPSC technology to investigate the potential deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures containing endocrine and exocrine cells. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2 is capable of infecting iPSC-derived pancreatic cells, thus perturbing their normal molecular and cellular phenotypes. The infection increased a key inflammatory cytokine, CXCL12, known to be involved in pancreas dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis of infected pancreatic cultures confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the ribosomal machinery in these cells. Notably, the SARS-CoV-2 infectivity of the pancreas is confirmed in post-mortem tissues from COVID-19 patients, which showed co-localization of SARS-CoV-2 in pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells and increased the expression of some pancreatic ductal stress response genes. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect human iPSC-derived pancreatic cells with supporting evidence of presence of the virus in post-mortem pancreatic tissue of confirmed COVID-19 human cases. This novel model of iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures will open new avenues for the comprehension of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially establish a platform for endocrine and exocrine pancreas-specific antiviral drug screening.
Compression and energy absorption characteristics of short fiber‐reinforced 2D composite lattices made by material extrusion (2023)

Abstract With the advent of additive manufacturing, lattice structures have been of increasing interest for engineering applications involving light‐weighting and energy absorption. Several studies have investigated mechanical properties of various lattices made up of mostly unreinforced polymers and lack numerical analysis for reinforced lattice structures. In this paper, mechanical response of short fiber reinforced lattice structures under compression is investigated through experiments and numerical simulations. Three different 2D lattices namely, square grid, honeycomb, and isogrid along with their rotated counterparts were fabricated using 15% wt carbon fiber‐acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and experimentally evaluated through uniaxial compression testing up to 30% strain. As simulations on fiber‐reinforced lattices under large compressive strains are rarely performed and published, finite element models accounting for fiber orientation induced anisotropic mechanical properties and geometrical imperfections were developed to predict the stress–strain characteristics up to 30% compressive strains. The stress–strain curves predicted from the numerical simulations matches well with the experimental responses for various lattice geometries. Various failure mechanisms such as thin strut buckling, contact within the lattice, and fracture of struts under large deformation were investigated. Analyzing energy absorption characteristics of these lattices revealed that the honeycomb structures in horizontal configuration exhibits superior energy absorption capability.
Motion artifact reduction in electrocardiogram using adaptive filtering based on half cell potential monitoring (2012)

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the main measurement parameter for effectively diagnosing chronic disease and guiding cardio-fitness therapy. ECGs contaminated by noise or artifacts disrupt the normal functioning of the automatic analysis algorithm. The objective of this study is to evaluate a method of measuring the HCP variation in motion artifacts through direct monitoring. The proposed wearable sensing device has two channels. One channel is used to measure the ECG through a differential amplifier. The other is for monitoring motion artifacts using the modified electrode and the same differential amplifier. Noise reduction was performed using adaptive filtering, based on a reference signal highly correlated with it. Direct measurement of HCP variations can eliminate the need for additional sensors.
Performance optimization of Segmented Thermoelectric Unicouples (2002)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Mohamed S. El-Genk, Hamed H. Saber; Performance optimization of Segmented Thermoelectric Unicouples. AIP Conf. Proc. 14 January 2002; 608 (1): 980–988. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1449828 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search