gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Axial magnetic inhomogeneities and low energy ion injection in Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAxial magnetic inhomogeneities and low energy ion injection in Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometryEric L. Kerley, Curtiss D. Hanson, Mauro E. Castro, and David H. RussellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 22, 2528–2534Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00197a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00197a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Primary results of the first nationwide molecular screening program in Spain for patients with advanced breast cancer (AGATA SOLTI-1301 study) (2018)

Background: SOLTI, as a collaborative Spanish network, designed AGATA, the first multi-institutional molecular screening program ever implemented in this country. Here we report the primary results of the pilot study. Methods: A total of 10 sites within the SOLTI network in Spain participated. DNA sequencing of 56 cancer related genes was performed using FFPE tumor samples (primary or metastatic). Each clinical case was reviewed by a multidisciplinary advisory board (MAB), which recommended, in a prospective manner, potential experimental treatments, mainly in the context of clinical trials. The primary objective was to determine the success rate of matching a DNA alteration to an experimental drug or drug class. Secondary objectives included a comprehensive molecular characterization of tumor samples by PAM50 subtyping. Results: From September 2014 to July 2017, 305 patients were screened and 260 (85.3%) were included. Patients’ characteristics were: mean age 54 (29-80), ER+/HER2- (n = 192; 74%), HER2 + (n = 30; 11.5%) and TNBC (n = 38; 14.5%). 163 primary tumors and 97 metastatic samples were profiled. Regarding the primary objective, 116 patients (44.6%) presented at least one gene mutation (range 1-6) and were matched to a drug or drug class. No mutation was detected in 97 (37.3%) patients, and 47 patients (18.1%) presented a mutation but no match was possible. The most common alterations were mutations in PIK3CA (34%), TP53 (22%), AKT1 (5%), ESR1 (3%), and ERBB2 (3%). Intrinsic subtype distribution in 177 samples was: 34% Luminal A (n = 60); 21% Luminal B (n = 36); 13% HER2E (n = 22); 19% Basal-like (n = 34) and 13% Normal-like (n = 23). Compared to primary tumors (n = 110), the proportion of HER2-enriched disease in metastatic tumors (n = 63) was significantly higher (6% vs 20%; p = 0.005). Conclusions: Nationwide molecular screening in Spain is feasible. Nearly half of patients had tumors with mutation(s) (mostly in PIK3CA) that could potentially be matched to a drug or drug class. Further studies are needed to evaluate if a more comprehensive molecular characterization including proteomics may increase therapeutic options for patients with or without somatic mutations. Clinical trial identification: NCT02445482. Legal entity responsible for the study: SOLTI Breast Cancer Research Group. Funding: Novartis, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Disclosure: A. Lluch: Research funding: Roche Pharma AG, AstraZeneca, Merck, PharmaMar, Boehringer Ingelheim. Advisory board: Roche, Pfizer, Lilly. A. Prat: Consultancy: Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Nanostring Technologies; Research funding: Novartis, Nanostring Technologies; Scientific advisory board: Oncolytics Biotech. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
α-Adrenoceptor subtypes and Ca2+ mobilization the rabbit ear artery (1983)

The mobilization of cellular and extracellular Ca2+ pools by selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor (phenylephrine) and alpha 2-adrenoceptor (xylazine) agonists as well as noradrenaline was evaluated in rabbit ear artery. Noradrenaline and phenylephrine possess full intrinsic activity for both types of Ca2+ mobilization whereas xylazine up to 1 mM had only a limited contractile effect, being more effective in inducing extracellular Ca2+-dependent response. However, extracellular Ca2+ was mobilized by xylazine in a concentration 20 times higher than that required to stimulate pre-junctional alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Noradrenaline (5 microM) and xylazine (1 mM) induced cellular and extracellular Ca2+-dependent contractions which were prazosin-sensitive and yohimbine-resistant. Xylazine-induced contractile activity, particularly that dependent upon the extracellular Ca2+ pool, was markedly reduced by selective adrenergic denervation with 6-hydroxydopamine, but the actions of noradrenaline were unaffected. These results suggest that: (1) rabbit ear artery contain post-junctional alpha 1-adrenoceptor but not alpha 2-adrenoceptors; (2) stimulation of these alpha 1-adrenoceptors can account for the overall contractile activity of exogenously added noradrenaline and (3) stimulation of alpha 1-adrenoceptors results in mobilization of cellular as well as extracellular Ca2+ pools.
Double-RIS Communication with DF Relaying for Coverage Extension: Is One Relay Enough? (2022)

In this work, we investigate the decode-and-forward (DF) relay-aided double reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted networks, where the signal is subject to reflections from two RISs before reaching the destination. Different relay-aided network architectures are considered for maximum achievable rate under a total power constraint. Phase optimization for the double-RIS channels is tackled via the alternating optimization and majorization-minimization (MM) schemes. Moreover, closed-form solutions are obtained for each case. Numerical results indicate that the deployment of two relays, one near each RIS, achieves higher rates at low and medium signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) compared to placing a single relay between the two RISs; while at high SNRs, the latter approach achieves higher rates only if the inter-relay interference for the former case is considerably high.
Moment method analysis of near field adaptive nulling (1989)

A near field technique which can be used to evaluate the far field nulling characteristics of an adaptive phased array is investigated. The method of moments is used to analyze the performance of a sidelobe canceller adaptive phased array antenna operating in the presence of near field interference. Bandwidth, polarization, mutual coupling, and finite array edge effects are taken into account. Phased array near field focusing is used to produce an equivalent far field antenna pattern at a range distance of one to two aperture diameters from the adaptive antenna under test. It is shown theoretically that the near field adaptive nulling performance, with sources located on a test plane at one to two aperture diameters range, is equivalent to conventional far field adaptive nulling.
Effects of device geometry and material properties on dielectric losses in superconducting coplanar-waveguide resonators (2020)

Superconducting coplanar-waveguide (CPW) resonators are one of the key devices in circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED). Their performance can be limited by dielectric losses in the substrate and in the material interfaces. Reliable modeling is required to aid in the design of low-loss CPW structures for cQED. We analyze the geometric dependence of the dielectric losses in CPW structures using finite-element modeling of the participation ratios of the lossy regions. In a practical scenario, uncertainties in the the dielectric constants and loss tangents of these regions introduce uncertainties in the theoretically predicted participation ratios. We present a method for combining loss simulations with measurements of two-level-system-limited quality factors and resonance frequencies of CPW resonators. Namely, we solve an inverse problem to find model parameters producing the measured values. High quality factors are obtainable by properly designing the cross-sectional geometries of the CPW structures, but more accurate modeling and design methods for low-loss CPW resonators are called for major future improvements. Our nonlinear optimization methodology for solving the aforementioned inverse problem is a step in this direction.
Biologically active peptides derived from egg proteins. (2005)

Summary Bioactive peptides are specific protein fragments that positively impact body’s function or condition and ultimately may influence health. These peptides are inactive within the sequence of the parent protein and can be released during proteolysis or fermentation. These peptides may exert a number of different activities in vivo, affecting cardiovascular, endocrine, immune and nervous system in addition to nutrient utilization. Eggs have traditionally been recognized as an excellent source of protein, vitamins and minerals. Research in the past decade, however, has produced a substantial amount of evidence indicating that egg peptides may exert several diverse biological effects, above and beyond fulfilling basic nutritional requirements. Several biological activities have now been associated with egg proteins, including novel antimicrobial activities, immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, and antihypertensive activities, highlighting the importance of egg proteins in human health, and disease prevention and treatment. Continued research to identify new and existing biological functions of hen egg proteins will help to define new methods to further improve the value of eggs, as a source of numerous biologically active compounds with specific benefits for human and animal health, and secure their role in the therapy and prevention of chronic and infectious disease.
0.25-μm lithography development using positive mode top surface imaging photoresist (1994)

As design rules for ULSI chip sets continue to require sub-O.3j.un resolution for high density patterns the drive toward shorter wavelength (248nm), and higher numerical aperture (&lt;O.5NA) steppers will continue. Process development on these advanced lithography systems is made difficult for a variety of reasons. The first of these is cost, the most modem steppers available today can cost &lt;$5 million per system making it necessary to keep manufacturing cost in check by extending life times to more than one generation chip set. Secondly, working at 248nm and high numerical aperture tends to reduce process latitudes making manufacturing processes inherently more difficult to control. Last but not least, photoresist and antireflective coatings needed for even the simplest processes historically have had major environmental sensitivity problems or material compatibility problems associated with them. These issues have been addressed by such developments as phase shift masks, off axis illumination techniques, and major advances in resist technology. So far these types of cures have proven to be both costly and extremely complicated to implement in a manufacturing environment.
FO‐SPR biosensor calibrated with recombinant extracellular vesicles enables specific and sensitive detection directly in complex matrices (2021)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have drawn huge attention for diagnosing myriad of diseases, including cancer. However, the EV detection and analyses procedures often lack much desired sample standardization. To address this, we used well-characterized recombinant EVs (rEVs) for the first time as a biological reference material in developing a fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (FO-SPR) bioassay. In this context, EV binding on the FO-SPR probes was achieved only with EV-specific antibodies (e.g. anti-CD9 and anti-CD63) but not with non-specific anti-IgG. To increase detection sensitivity, we tested six different combinations of EV-specific antibodies in a sandwich bioassay. Calibration curves were generated with two most effective combinations (anti-CD9/<sup>B</sup>anti-CD81 and anti-CD63/<sup>B</sup>anti-CD9), resulting in 10<sup>3</sup> and 10<sup>4</sup> times higher sensitivity than the EV concentration in human blood plasma from healthy or cancer patients, respectively. Additionally, by using anti-CD63/<sup>B</sup>anti-CD9, we detected rEVs spiked in cell culture medium and HEK293 endogenous EVs in the same matrix without any prior EV purification or enrichment. Lastly, we selectively captured breast cancer cell EVs spiked in blood plasma using anti-EpCAM antibody on the FO-SPR surface. The obtained results combined with FO-SPR real-time monitoring, fast response time and ease of operation, demonstrate its outstanding potential for EV quantification and analysis.
<title>Use Of Carbonized Photoresist For Optical Mask Repair</title> (1988)

Carbonized novolac photoresist has been demonstrated as a patching material for clear defects in optical masks. The processing is simple and uses commonly available equipment. The patches, though not as tough as chrome, adhere well and survive mask cleaning. Mask materials appear to survive heating up to 1000°C, but distortion testing has only been done up to 500°C. Adhesion of the carbonized resist begins to degrade above 700°C processing temperature.
Mechanisms of Ca2+ transport in plasma membrane vesicles prepared from cultured pituitary cells. I. Characterization of Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity. (1984)

GH3 rat anterior pituitary cells possess a Na+/Ca2+ exchange transport mechanism which is present in purified plasma membrane vesicles prepared from these cells. Imposition of an outwardly directed Na+ gradient in vesicles results in a marked concentrative uptake of Ca2+ which is abolished by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. Transport activity depends on a sustained Na+ gradient. Dissipation of the driving force by treatment with Na+ ionophores or by passive gradient collapse abolished transport activity. The exchange reaction is completely reversible since addition of extravesicular Na+ enhances Ca2+ efflux from Ca2+ loaded vesicles. A kinetic analysis of Na+/Ca2+ exchange indicates saturation kinetics for both substrates with apparent values of Km for Na+ and Ca2+ of 17 mM and 5 microM, respectively, and a Vmax of about 8 nmol/min/mg of protein for Ca2+ uptake at 25 degrees C. In addition to Na+/Ca2+ exchange, the transporter functions in a Ca2+/Ca2+ exchange mode with an apparent Km of 20 microM and Vmax of 16 nmol/min/mg of protein for Ca2+ influx. Na+/Ca2+ exchange is not inhibited by protonophores indicating that Ca2+ flux does not occur via coupled Na+/H+, Ca2+/H+ exchange. Transport is inhibited by derivatives of the pyrazine diuretic amiloride. The pH dependency of Ca2+ uptake displays a sigmoidal relationship with stimulation of activity at alkaline pH and inhibition at acid pH. Furthermore, the reaction is electrogenic (i.e. more than 2 Na+ transported per Ca2+) as demonstrated by stimulated uptake of lipophilic cations during exchange and by effects of artificially imposed membrane potentials on the rate of Ca2+ transport. Plasma membrane vesicles prepared from bovine anterior pituitary glands also display Na+/Ca2+ exchange with many of the same characteristics. These results support the notion that Na+/Ca2+ exchange functions in Ca2+ homeostasis in pituitary cells.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Direct Electron Transfer: An Inspiration for Electrocatalyst Design (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Cone extruder - a novel method for multilayer extrusions (1998)

A novel extrusion technology has been developed for multilayer plastics processing. The starting point of this work was well known problems with conventional extrusion heads: the marks from the spider legs and the weldline of the crosshead remain in the product and weaken its mechanical and electrical properties. Uniform flow in the die exit is also difficult to obtain in a wider operational window. Another objective was the helical orientation of fibres, layer by layer, to create cross orientated structures. PRCPA/1528.
In vivo and ex vivo haematopoietic stem cell expansion (2020)

Recent findings provide exciting promise for improving the safety and efficacy of current HSC-based therapies as well as for the development of new therapeutic paradigms.
Functional and Phylogenetic Characterization of Proteins Detected in Various Nematode Intestinal Compartments* (2015)

The parasitic nematode intestine is responsible for nutrient digestion and absorption, and many other processes essential for reproduction and survival, making it a valuable target for anthelmintic drug treatment. However, nematodes display extreme biological diversity (including occupying distinct trophic habitats), resulting in limited knowledge of intestinal cell/protein functions of fundamental or adaptive significance. We developed a perfusion model for isolating intestinal proteins in Ascaris suum (a parasite of humans and swine), allowing for the identification of over 1000 intestinal A. suum proteins (using mass spectrometry), which were assigned to several different intestinal cell compartments (intestinal tissue, the integral and peripheral intestinal membranes, and the intestinal lumen). A multi-omics analysis approach identified a large diversity of biological functions across intestinal compartments, based on both functional enrichment analysis (identifying terms related to detoxification, proteolysis, and host-parasite interactions) and regulatory binding sequence analysis to identify putatively active compartment-specific transcription factors (identifying many related to intestinal sex differentiation or lifespan regulation). Orthologs of A. suum proteins in 15 other nematodes species, five host species, and two outgroups were identified and analyzed. Different cellular compartments demonstrated markedly different levels of protein conservation; e.g. integral intestinal membrane proteins were the most conserved among nematodes (up to 96% conservation), whereas intestinal lumen proteins were the most diverse (only 6% conservation across all nematodes, and 71% with no host orthologs). Finally, this integrated multi-omics analysis identified conserved nematode-specific intestinal proteins likely performing essential functions (including V-type ATPases and ABC transporters), which may serve as promising anthelmintic drug or vaccine targets in future research. Collectively, the findings provide valuable new insights on conserved and adaptive features of nematode intestinal cells, membranes and the intestinal lumen, and potential targets for parasite treatment and control.
System Optimization: High-Frequency Buck Converter With 3-D In-Package Air-Core Inductor (2021)

In this work, we present the analytical model of buck converter with 3-D in-package air-core inductor ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$150~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick). To optimize the power efficiency at a targeted power density, models including 3-D inductor and power switches are developed. Compared to 3-D electromagnetic (EM) simulation, the proposed inductor model has a modeling error within 12% for the inductance calculation. With the proposed design methodology, an inductor with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -factor up to 35 at 300 MHz is achieved. From the system aspect, the loss breakdown in the integrated power converter is investigated. A 0.5 ratio buck converter can reach 88.5% efficiency at 1–5 W/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> based on the optimized inductor designs, with output voltage ranging from 0.7 to 0.9 V and based on 28 nm CMOS.
Amide-to-Ester Substitution Improves Membrane Permeability of a Cyclic Peptide Without Altering Its Three-Dimensional Structure (2020)

Cyclic peptides are attractive molecules as inhibitors with high affinity and selectivity against intracellular protein-protein interactions (PPIs). On the other hand, cyclic peptides generally have low passive cell-membrane permeability, which makes it difficult to discover cyclic peptides that efficiently permeate into cells and inhibit intracellular PPIs. Here, we show that backbone amide-to-ester substitutions are useful for improving membrane permeability of peptides. Permeability in a series of model dipeptides increased upon amide-to-ester substitution. Amide-to-ester substitutions increased permeability in the same manner as amide-to-N-methyl amide substitutions, which are conventionally used for increasing permeability. Furthermore, amide-to-ester substitutions of exposed amides of a cyclic peptide successfully improved permeability. Conformational studies of the cyclic peptides using NMR and molecular mechanics calculations revealed that an amide-to-ester substitution of an exposed amide bond did not affect its low-energy conformation in CDCl3, in contrast with an N-methyl amide substitution. We envision that amide-to-ester substitution will be a potentially useful strategy for rational design of bioactive peptides with high membrane permeability.
Radiation Therapy for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology Endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline (2017)

Purpose The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) produced an evidence-based guideline on radiation therapy in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) that was determined to be relevant to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) membership. After applying standard critical appraisal policy and endorsement procedures, ASCO chose to endorse the ASTRO guideline. Methods The ASTRO guideline was reviewed by ASCO content experts for clinical accuracy and by ASCO methodologists for developmental rigor. On favorable review, an ASCO Expert Panel was convened to review the guideline contents and recommendations. The ASCO guideline approval body, the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee, approved the final endorsement. Results The ASCO Expert Panel determined that the ASTRO guideline recommendations, published in July 2017, are clear, thorough, and based upon the most relevant scientific evidence. ASCO endorsed the ASTRO guideline and added minor qualifying statements. Recommendations Recommendations for the addition of systemic therapy to definitive radiotherapy in the treatment of OPSCC, postoperative radiotherapy with and without systemic therapy following primary surgery of OPSCC, induction chemotherapy in the treatment of OPSCC, and the appropriate dose, fractionation, and volume regimens with and without systemic therapy in the treatment of OPSCC are outlined for a variety of disease stages and clinical scenarios. ASCO Endorsement Panel qualifying statements and minor modifications were made to the ASTRO recommendations. The staging system that is referenced in these guidelines is the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, 7th edition. Additional information is available at: www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .