gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early Evaluation of Uncertainties in the Incremental Condensate Recovery Through a Gas Cycling Process (1997)

Abstract The process of evaluating and assessing a reservoir early in its development is rather difficult and uncertain although the results of the evaluation may have far-reaching consequences for the reservoir. This paper proposes and describes a methodology for enhancing this assessment. The method involves several basic steps including: identification of key heterogeneities, their quantification, the development of models representing the full breadth of variations in heterogeneity, the detailed modeling of limited areas of the reservoir to assess the effects of the model and geologic uncertainties, and the use of these results for calibrating up-scaled full-field models. The methodology is applied for a gas condensate reservoir appraised by only two wells in which the choice of recovery process (primary depletion or gas-cycling) has not yet been made. Given that the key heterogeneity is unknown at this early stage, stochastic modeling is then undertaken on a grid emphasizing vertical discretization. In order to provide contrasted models clearly showing the uncertainty associated with the geological model, two "end-member hypotheses" are used, based on the uncertainty as to the frequency and range of the heterogeneities. Simulations carried out on only part of the reservoir show how sensitive the results are to the range of the heterogeneities. This is illustrated particularly clearly in the gas-cycling option in which gas injection is much more effective in the case of low range heterogeneities than for long range heterogeneities. After optimizing the clustering of fine grid cells into coarse grid cells, it is demonstrated that simulation results obtained on a fine grid model can be reproduced with a significantly smaller number of layers.
SAR Evaluation of 2-element Array Antennas for Mobile Handsets (2006)

The peak SAR (specific absorption rate) value of a two-element array antenna used for mobile handsets is evaluated numerically by changing the phase difference of the array elements and the distance between the array antenna and the user's head. It is found that when part of a human head is present in the reactive near-field region of the array antenna, the co-phase feed SAR is slightly smaller than the reverse-phase feed SAR, but when the head is completely outside the reactive near-field region, the co-phase feed SAR is larger the reverse-phase feed SAR.
Demonstration of reconfigurable optical generation of higher-order modulation formats up to 64 QAM using optical nonlinearity (2013)

We demonstrate a reconfigurable optical transmitter of higher-order modulation formats including pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM) signals and quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) signals. We generated six different modulation formats by multiplexing 10&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s on&#x2013;off-keying (OOK) signals (10&#xA0;Gbaud binary phase-shift keying, 4-PAM, 8-PAM quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 16-QAM and 16-star-QAM with error-vector magnitudes (EVMs) of 8.1%, 7.5%, 7.8%, 8.2%, 7.2%, and 6.9%, respectively) and 80&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s 16-QAM with an EVM of 8.5%, as well as 120&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s 64-QAM with an EVM of 7.1%, using two or three 40&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s QPSK signals, respectively. We also successfully transmitted the generated 16-QAM signals through a 100&#xA0;km transmission line with negligible power penalty.
Conformation of d‐Phe‐Cys‐Tyr‐d‐Trp‐Lys‐Thr‐Pen‐Thr‐NH2 (CTP‐NH2), a highly selective mu‐opioid antagonist peptide, by 1H and 13C n.m.r. (1988)

The 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectral parameters of CTP-NH2 [D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2], a potent, highly selective mu-opiate antagonist, were measured in aqueous solution and a possible conformation has been deduced from the spectral data. The data are consistent with a type II' beta-turn for the tetrapeptide sequence -Tyr3-D-Trp4-Lys5-Thr6-. Solvent shielding of the Cys2 amide proton, observed in variable temperature experiments, suggests an orientation of this amide proton toward the gem dimethyls of Pen7 with possible hydrogen bonding to the Thr6 carbonyl oxygen, and a dihedral angle of -110 degrees for the disulfide bond. Partially relaxed Fourier transform 13C relaxation studies confirm a constrained cyclic system, with the C alpha carbons in the "hinge" of the beta-turn having the shortest t1 times. Segmental motion was observed for the side chain of Lys5.
Search for flavour-changing neutral current top quark decays t → Hq in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2015)

A search for flavour-changing neutral current decays of a top quark to an uptype quark (q = u, c) and the Standard Model Higgs boson, where the Higgs boson decays to b b, is presented. The analysis searches for top quark pair events in which one top quark decays to W b, with the W boson decaying leptonically, and the other top quark decays to Hq. The search is based on pp collisions at s = 8 TeV recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and uses an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1
A tumour necrosis factor alpha autocrine loop contributes to proliferation and nuclear factor-kappaB activation of Theileria parva-transformed B cells (2003)

Theileria infection of bovine leucocytes induces uncontrolled proliferation and a transformed phenotype comparable to tumour cells. Infected cells have many characteristics of activated leucocytes and use autocrine loops to augment proliferation. We have shown previously that, in infected B cells, PI3-K controls a granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autocrine loop to increase both proliferation and activation of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor. We show here that the same infected B cells also use a tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha autocrine loop that again contributes to proliferation and augments nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. Interestingly, both pharmacological inhibition of TNF synthesis and neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies lead to a reduction in proliferation and a 50% drop in NF-κB activation, without inducing apoptosis.
Mouse Siglec-1 Mediates trans-Infection of Surface-bound Murine Leukemia Virus in a Sialic Acid N-Acyl Side Chain-dependent Manner (2015)

Siglec-1 (sialoadhesin, CD169) is a surface receptor on human cells that mediates trans-enhancement of HIV-1 infection through recognition of sialic acid moieties in virus membrane gangliosides. Here, we demonstrate that mouse Siglec-1, expressed on the surface of primary macrophages in an interferon-α-responsive manner, captures murine leukemia virus (MLV) particles and mediates their transfer to proliferating lymphocytes. The MLV infection of primary B-cells was markedly more efficient than that of primary T-cells. The major structural protein of MLV particles, Gag, frequently co-localized with Siglec-1, and trans-infection, primarily of surface-bound MLV particles, efficiently occurred. To explore the role of sialic acid for MLV trans-infection at a submolecular level, we analyzed the potential of six sialic acid precursor analogs to modulate the sialylated ganglioside-dependent interaction of MLV particles with Siglec-1. Biosynthetically engineered sialic acids were detected in both the glycolipid and glycoprotein fractions of MLV producer cells. MLV released from cells carrying N-acyl-modified sialic acids displayed strikingly different capacities for Siglec-1-mediated capture and trans-infection; N-butanoyl, N-isobutanoyl, N-glycolyl, or N-pentanoyl side chain modifications resulted in up to 92 and 80% reduction of virus particle capture and trans-infection, respectively, whereas N-propanoyl or N-cyclopropylcarbamyl side chains had no effect. In agreement with these functional analyses, molecular modeling indicated reduced binding affinities for non-functional N-acyl modifications. Thus, Siglec-1 is a key receptor for macrophage/lymphocyte trans-infection of surface-bound virions, and the N-acyl side chain of sialic acid is a critical determinant for the Siglec-1/MLV interaction.
Impact of Zone of Origin in Anterior Dominant Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Biochemical Recurrence-Free Survival in an Anatomically Well-Characterized Cohort (2022)

In this anatomically well-characterized cohort of anterior dominant prostate cancers, long-term BCR-free survival was not significantly associated with zone of origin. Future studies utilizing zone of origin as a parameter should consider separating anterior and posterior PZ localization, as outcomes may differ.
Synthesis of a liquid zirconium hybrid resin and the ability of the resin to accelerate the curing of a transparent silicone‐modified cycloaliphatic epoxy nanocomposite (2015)

Abstract A liquid zirconium hybrid resin (Zr– QR ) was synthesized through sol‐gel reactions of zirconium butoxide with silanol‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane ( DMS‐S12 ) and γ‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (Z‐6040). The sol‐gel reactions were monitored using Fourier transform infrared ( FTIR ) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Zr– QR morphology was investigated using field emission transmission electron microscopy. The Zr– QR had a well‐ordered morphology and the dimensions were less than 5 nm. These properties were achieved because DMS‐S12 was used to separate the zirconium clusters and Z‐6040 was used to stabilize the Zr– QR . The acceleration of the curing reaction between silicone‐modified cycloaliphatic epoxy ( SEP ) and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride ( MHHPA ) caused by the Zr– QR was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry and FTIR spectroscopy investigations showed that the Zr– QR first reacted with MHHPA , producing chelating ligands and carboxylic acid. Unlike in the conventional method (adding acetic acid to cause non‐reactive chelating ligands to form), the carboxylic acid produced effectively accelerated the curing reaction between the SEP and MHHPA . The chelating ligand produced from the Zr– QR and MHHPA suppressed the gelation of the Zr– QR itself during the nanocomposite ( SEP –Zr– QR ) curing process. The cured SEP –Zr– QR nanocomposite exhibited excellent optical transmittance at visible wavelengths.© 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Electrostatic Machine Drive Using Complex Vector Voltage Regulation with a Current Source Inverter Platform (2018)

Advancements in the torque capability of macroscale electrostatic machines prompts the development of controls and power electronics that are suitable to their radically different terminal characteristics and demonstrate performance in the context of canonical variable speed drives. Analysis of the separately excited electrostatic machine model indicates that a complex vector voltage regulator (CVVR) paired with a current sourced inverter (CSI) provides an intuitive solution to terminal voltage regulation and is a dual to magnetic drive systems utilizing voltage sourced inverters. Here, ampere-seconds (charge) is sourced by the CSI to the machine to modulate torque. Analysis of the voltage regulator for achieving high performance torque modulation is presented including transfer functions, command tracking and frequency response function plots. A kilowatt-scale medium-voltage (MV) CSI power electronic platform was developed as no off-the-shelf unit existed and the high pole count of electrostatic machines inherently requires high fundamental frequencies. A custom MV CSI unit was built by series stacking 3.6kV IGBTs with parallel snubbers (for static and dynamic balancing). The resulting drive is capable of synthesizing 5kV peak line-line with 5.5kHz PWM and may transition to six-step operation as the fundamental encroaches within an order of magnitude of the switching frequency.
Molecular imaging of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) in experimental acute lung injury (2023)

The lack of techniques for noninvasive imaging of inflammation has challenged precision medicine management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we determined the potential of positron emission tomography (PET) of chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1) to monitor lung inflammation in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced injury. Lung uptake of a CMKLR1-targeting radiotracer, [<sup>64</sup>Cu]NODAGA-CG34, was significantly increased in lipopolysaccharide-induced injury, correlated with the expression of multiple inflammatory markers, and reduced by dexamethasone treatment. Monocyte-derived macrophages, followed by interstitial macrophages and monocytes were the major CMKLR1-expressing leukocytes contributing to the increased tracer uptake throughout the first week of lipopolysaccharide-induced injury. The clinical relevance of CMKLR1 as a biomarker of lung inflammation in ARDS was confirmed using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing datasets which showed significant increases in <i>CMKLR1</i> expression among transcriptionally distinct subsets of lung monocytes and macrophages in COVID-19 patients vs. controls. CMKLR1-targeted PET is a promising strategy to monitor the dynamics of lung inflammation and response to anti-inflammatory treatment in ARDS.
Photoelectrocatalytic treatment of municipal wastewater with emerging concern pollutants using modified multi-layer catalytic anode (2023)

Municipal wastewater contains emergent chemical and biological pollutants that are resistant to conventional wastewater treatments. Therefore, the focus of the current study was to address the challenge of removing emergent chemical and biological pollutants present in municipal wastewater. To achieve this, a photo electro-catalytic (PEC) treatment approach was employed, focusing on the removal of both micro and biological pollutants that are of emergent concern, as well as the reduction of Chemical Oxidation Demand (COD) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). The treatment involved the use of a modified multi-layer catalytic anode photo-electroactive anode as an effective anode for PEC treatment of municipal wastewater. In the continuous mode of operation, %COD removal was optimized for the treatment of municipal wastewater under Ultra-Violet C (UVc), 280 nm, and Visible (Vis) radiation, 400 nm. Therefore, a comparative study was performed to investigate the effect of Vis radiation on %COD removal, micropollutants removal, and disinfection of municipal wastewater. Micropollutants present in municipal wastewater were effectively oxidized/degraded with the highest reduction rate between 100% and 80% under the influence of UVc and Vis radiation respectively by the PEC treatment process. Disinfection of various microorganisms present in the wastewater with the effect of UVc and Vis assisted PEC treatment was also monitored. Overall, 75-80% of the disinfection of municipal wastewater was contributed by the modified multi-layer catalytic anode. The UVc in the PEC system, contributes approximately 20-25% to the overall disinfection of municipal wastewater.
Synthesis and Properties of 2-Oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane Sulfonate Salts (2017)

An improved synthesis of the bicyclic spiro compound 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane is presented. While this compound is often isolated as an oxalate salt, its isolation as a sulfonic acid salt yields a more stable and more soluble product. With these improved properties access to a wider range of reaction conditions with the spirobicyclic 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane has been enabled.
Dielectric-on-Dielectric Achieved on SiO2in Preference to W by Water-free Chemical Vapor Depositions with Aniline Passivation (2023)

Selective and smooth dielectric-on-dielectric was achieved by water-free single-precursor chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes with the help of aniline passivation. Aniline selective passivation was demonstrated on W surfaces in preference to SiO<sub>2</sub> at 250, 300, and 330 °C. After aniline passivation, selective HfO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub> were deposited only on the HF-cleaned SiO<sub>2</sub> surface by water-free single-precursor CVD using hafnium <i>tert</i>-butoxide Hf(O<sup><i>t</i></sup>Bu)<sub>4</sub>, aluminum-tri-<i>sec</i>-butoxide (ATSB), and titanium isopropoxide Ti(O<sup><i>i</i></sup>Pr)<sub>4</sub> as the precursor reactants, respectively. Hf(O<sup><i>t</i></sup>Bu)<sub>4</sub> and Ti(O<sup><i>i</i></sup>Pr)<sub>4</sub> single-precursor CVD was carried out at 300 °C, while the ATSB CVD process was conducted at 330 °C. HfO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoselectivity tests were performed on W/SiO<sub>2</sub> patterned samples. Transmission electron microscopy images of the W/SiO<sub>2</sub> patterned samples after deposition demonstrated nanoselectivity and low surface roughness of HfO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> deposition on the SiO<sub>2</sub> regions only.
Improving Rankings in Small-Scale Web Search Using Click Implied Descriptions (2006)

When a searcher submits a query Q and clicks on document R in the corresponding result set, we may plausibly interpret the click as a vote that Q is a description of R. We call the Q and R pairing a ‘click description’. Click descriptions thus derived from search engine logs can be accumulated into surrogate documents and used to boost retrieval effectiveness in a similar fashion to anchor text. We investigate the usefulness of click description surrogate documents in processing queries for an external web site search service for four organisations. Using the mean reciprocal rank of best answers as the measure of performance, we show that, for popular queries, click description surrogates significantly outperform both anchor text surrogates and the original proprietary rankings. The amount of click data needed to achieve a high level of retrieval performance is surprisingly small for popular queries. Thanks to terms shared between queries, click description surrogates can answer queries for which no specific click data is available. We show a 92% improvement due to this effect for a set of lengthy, less popular queries. We also discuss issues such as spam rejection, unpopular queries, and how to combine click description scores with other evidence. We argue the potential of click descriptions in non-web applications where link and anchor text evidence is unavailable.
A PASSIVE TECHNIQUE TO MONITOR STONE COMMINUTION DURING SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008A PASSIVE TECHNIQUE TO MONITOR STONE COMMINUTION DURING SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY Neil R Owen, Michael R Bailey, Oleg A Sapozhnikov, Robin O Cleveland, and James A McAteer Neil R OwenNeil R Owen More articles by this author , Michael R BaileyMichael R Bailey More articles by this author , Oleg A SapozhnikovOleg A Sapozhnikov More articles by this author , Robin O ClevelandRobin O Cleveland More articles by this author , and James A McAteerJames A McAteer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61275-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "A PASSIVE TECHNIQUE TO MONITOR STONE COMMINUTION DURING SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), pp. 434–435 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 434-435 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Neil R Owen More articles by this author Michael R Bailey More articles by this author Oleg A Sapozhnikov More articles by this author Robin O Cleveland More articles by this author James A McAteer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Data from A Novel Class of Ribosome Modulating Agents Exploits Cancer Ribosome Heterogeneity to Selectively Target the CMS2 Subtype of Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ribosomes in cancer cells accumulate numerous patient-specific structural and functional modifications that facilitate tumor progression by modifying protein translation. We have taken a unique synthetic chemistry approach to generate novel macrolides, Ribosome modulating agents (RMA), that are proposed to act distal to catalytic sites and exploit cancer ribosome heterogeneity. The RMA ZKN-157 shows two levels of selectivity: (i) selective translation inhibition of a subset of proteins enriched for components of the ribosome and protein translation machinery that are upregulated by MYC; and (ii) selective inhibition of proliferation of a subset of colorectal cancer cell lines. Mechanistically, the selective ribosome targeting in sensitive cells triggered cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Consequently, in colorectal cancer, sensitivity to ZKN-157 in cell lines and patient-derived organoids was restricted to the consensus molecular subtype 2 (CMS2) subtype that is distinguished by high MYC and WNT pathway activity. ZKN-157 showed efficacy as single agent and, the potency and efficacy of ZKN-157 synergized with clinically approved DNA-intercalating agents which have previously been shown to inhibit ribogenesis as well. ZKN-157 thus represents a new class of ribosome modulators that display cancer selectivity through specific ribosome inhibition in the CMS2 subtype of colorectal cancer potentially targeting MYC-driven addiction to high protein translation.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study demonstrates that ribosome heterogeneity in cancer can be exploited to develop selective ribogenesis inhibitors. The colorectal cancer CMS2 subtype, with a high unmet need for therapeutics, shows vulnerability to our novel selective ribosome modulator. The mechanism suggests that other cancer subtypes with high MYC activation could also be targeted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Tunable Dispersion Compensator using PLC type Optical Transversal Filter (2005)

In high bit rate optical transmission systems such as 40 Gbps, dispersion toler- ances will be smaller than the dispersion fluctuations due to such factors as tem- perature change or power variation. To compensate for these fluctuations, tun- able dispersion compensators (TDCs) are needed. Various types of tunable dispersion compen- sators have been demonstrated. Of these, integrated optic finite impulse response filter type TDCs in silica-based planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) are promising because of their flexibility with respect to dispersion curve shape, tunability of center wavelength and ability to compensate for multiple channels. Among these, the transversal filter, consisting of a splitter, N delay lines (called taps) connected in parallel and a combiner, is capable of having a large number of taps for high resolution and high controllability using monitor waveguides. Owing to these advantages, we have fabricated an 8-tap transversal filter type TDC in a silica- based PLC with a high index contrast of 1.5 %, and have confirmed its operating principle using two types of dispersion curve shapes. We have been able to obtain good performance: chromat- ic dispersion of -71 ~ +109 ps/nm, insertion loss of <10 dB and operating wavelength range of 0.5 nm. We have also fabricated a 16-tap transversal filter type TDC and have confirmed a higher resolution than the 8-tap TDC. ABSTRACT