gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep learning for neuroimaging: a validation study (2014)

Deep learning methods have recently made notable advances in the tasks of classification and representation learning. These tasks are important for brain imaging and neuroscience discovery, making the methods attractive for porting to a neuroimager's toolbox. Success of these methods is, in part, explained by the flexibility of deep learning models. However, this flexibility makes the process of porting to new areas a difficult parameter optimization problem. In this work we demonstrate our results (and feasible parameter ranges) in application of deep learning methods to structural and functional brain imaging data. These methods include deep belief networks and their building block the restricted Boltzmann machine. We also describe a novel constraint-based approach to visualizing high dimensional data. We use it to analyze the effect of parameter choices on data transformations. Our results show that deep learning methods are able to learn physiologically important representations and detect latent relations in neuroimaging data.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF ETHYL METHYL KETONE TO BIACETYL OVER COBALT‐SPINELS (1983)

Abstract Die Oxidation von Ethylmethylketon (I) zu Diacetyl (III) in Gegenwart von CobaIt‐Spinellen (II) wird hinsichtlich Spezifität und Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit als Funktion verschiedener Reaktionsparameter untersucht.
Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance and Wild Birds: Past and Present (2010)

Influenza surveillance in wild birds has established that the aquatic birds of the world are the source of influenza A viruses, which occasionally spread to domestic avian species and to mammals, including humans, and cause mild to severe disease. With the realization that the pandemics of influenza in poultry and people originate from inapparent infections of aquatic birds, including the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus, much more attention has been given to understanding the ecology of influenza in wild aquatic birds. This article deals with the major events establishing the role of wild birds in the natural history of influenza and with some of the unresolved issues. These include 1) whether all H5 and H7 influenza viruses have high pandemic potential, 2) whether avian influenza (AI) is exchanged between Eurasia and the Americas, and 3) whether the highly pathogenic H5N1 AI virus is now being perpetuated in wild birds, one of the most important unresolved issues. Continued surveillance of wild birds for influenza is essential to resolve the many unanswered questions concerning the zoonotic spread of influenza and pandemicity.
Novobiocin induces the in vivo cleavage of active gene sequences in intact cells. (1986)

When the topoisomerase II inhibitor, novobiocin, is administered to embryonic chicken red blood cells, it induces the in vivo release of an endogenous nuclease which cleaves specifically within internucleosomal spacer DNA and within nuclease-hypersensitive sites in the active chromatin of intact cells. This in vivo released nuclease activity is induced by novobiocin only in metabolically active immature red blood cells. Little induction occurs in mature erythrocytes and no induction occurs in cells previously treated with 2,4-dinitrophenol. Although novobiocin is required to induce release and/or activation of the nuclease, the activity of the nuclease, once activated, is independent of novobiocin. Analysis of the cleaved DNA in drug-treated immature cells demonstrates that the novobiocin-induced nuclease has an unusual blunt-ended double-stranded mode of cleavage. Because of its special properties and apparent chromatin related function in vivo, the novobiocin-induced nuclease activity offers a novel and useful in vivo and in vitro probe of chromatin structure.
Diagnostics for Periodically Excited Actuators (2019)

Electromechanical actuators that operate cyclically or with periodically varying loads present unique opportunities for condition-based diagnostics. Signal processing techniques can be tailored to exploit periodic variation in the electrical and mechanical variables and waveforms associated with these machines. These analytical techniques improve signal resolution and permit detection of fine changes in system parameters. This article presents low-intrusion instrumentation tailored to periodic loads. These instruments can provide subtle diagnostic information from measurements of quantities such as vibration and electrical current. Extraction of cyclostationary signal components and development of diagnostic metrics are discussed in this article and demonstrated on an industrially relevant case, a diaphragm pump.
Investigations of Neurotrophic Inhibitors of FK506 Binding Protein via Monte Carlo Simulations (1998)

The binding and solution-phase properties of six inhibitors of FK506 binding protein (FKBP12) were investigated using free energy perturbation techniques in Monte Carlo statistical mechanics simulations. These nonimmunosuppressive molecules are of current interest for their neurotrophic activity when bound to FKBP12 as well as for their potential as building blocks for chemical inducers of protein dimerization. Relative binding affinities were computed and analyzed for ligands differing by a phenyl ring, an external phenyl or pyridyl substituent, and a pipecolyl or prolyl ring. Such results are, in general, valuable for inhibitor optimization and, in the present case, bring into question some of the previously reported binding data.
DCEMRI of breast lesions: Is kinetic analysis equally effective for both mass and nonmass-like enhancement? (2008)

To perform a pilot study investigating whether the sensitivity and specificity of kinetic parameters can be improved by considering mass and nonmass breast lesions separately. The contrast media uptake and washout kinetics in benign and malignant breast lesions were analyzed using an empirical mathematical model (EMM), and model parameters were compared in lesions with mass-like and nonmass-like enhancement characteristics. 34 benign and 78 malignant breast lesions were selected for review. Dynamic MR protocol: 1 pre and 5 postcontrast images acquired in the coronal plane using a 3D T1-weighted SPGR with 68 s timing resolution. An experienced radiologist classified the type of enhancement as mass, nonmass, or focus, according to the BI-RADS lexicon. The kinetic curve obtained from a radiologist-drawn region within the lesion was analyzed quantitatively using a three parameter EMM. Several kinetic parameters were then derived from the EMM parameters: the initial slope (Slope(ini)), curvature at the peak (kappa(peak)), time to peak (T(peak)), initial area under the curve at 30 s (iAUC30), and the signal enhancement ratio (SER). The BI-RADS classification of the lesions yielded: 70 mass lesions, 38 nonmass, 4 focus. For mass lesions, the contrast uptake rate (alpha), contrast washout rate (beta), iAUC30, SER, Slope(ini), T(peak) and kappa(peak) differed substantially between benign and malignant lesions, and after correcting for multiple tests of significance SER and T(peak) demonstrated significance (p < 0.007). For nonmass lesions, we did not find statistically significant differences in any of the parameters for benign vs. malignant lesions (p > 0.5). Kinetic parameters could distinguish benign and malignant mass lesions effectively, but were not quite as useful in discriminating benign from malignant nonmass lesions. If the results of this pilot study are validated in a larger trial, we expect that to maximize diagnostic utility, it will be better to classify lesion morphology as mass or nonmass-like enhancement prior to kinetic analysis.
Investigating wet chemical oxidation methods to form SiO2 interlayers for self-aligned Pt-HfO2-Si gate stacks (2023)

Self-aligned metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors are studied with several low-temperature, wet chemical silicon dioxide (SiO2) interlayers to understand their impact on electrical performance. Self-aligned MOS capacitors are fabricated with a bottom-up patterning technique that uses a poly(methyl methacrylate) brush and dopant-selective KOH etch combined with area-selective atomic layer deposition of hafnium dioxide (HfO2) and Pt. The wet chemical pretreatments used to form the SiO2 interlayer include hydrofluoric acid (HF) etch, 80 °C H2O, and SC-2. Capacitance-voltage measurements of these area-selective capacitors exhibit a HfO2 dielectric constant of ∼19, irrespective of pretreatment. After a forming gas anneal, the average interface state density decreased between 1.8 and 7.5 times. The minimum observed Dit is 1 × 1011 eV−1 cm−2 for the HF-last treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows an increase in stoichiometric SiO2 in the interfacial layer after the anneal. Additional carbon is also observed; however, comparison with capacitors fabricated in a nonselective process reveals minimal impact on performance.
Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth of GaAs by the Single Flat Temperature Zone Method (1984)

The VPE growth of GaAs using the single flat temperature zone (SFT) method with the GaAs (crust)–AsCl 3 –He–H 2 system is described. The growth in this system is kinetically limited and occurs selectively on the substrate. High-purity GaAs is obtained in the low AsCl 3 mole fraction range, and the AsCl 3 mole fraction effect is not observed in this system as it is in other SFT systems. It is concluded that the present system is the most promising of the four SFT systems.
Supplementary Material 7 from Androgen Glucuronidation: An Unexpected Target for Androgen Deprivation Therapy, with Prognosis and Diagnostic Implications (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7565K, Supplementary material 7: Representative examples of immunoexpression obtained after incubation of prostate tissue microarrays with the anti-UGT2B15, anti-UGT2B17 or anti-vimentin antibodies: Comparison Untreated vs castrate resistant tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Figure S2 from Fas Ligand Deficiency Impairs Tumor Immunity by Promoting an Accumulation of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Reduced proportion of CD11b+Gr-1+ MDSCs cells in Fasl-/- mice bearing B16 melanoma and leukemic cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Clinical and Molecular Update on Genetic Causes of Pituitary Adenomas (2020)

Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors with variable functional characteristics that can have a significant impact on patients. The majority arise sporadically, but an inherited genetic susceptibility is increasingly being recognized. Recent advances in genetics have widened the scope of our understanding of pituitary tumorigenesis. The clinical and genetic characteristics of pituitary adenomas that develop in the setting of germline-mosaic and somatic <i>GNAS</i> mutations (McCune-Albright syndrome and sporadic acromegaly), germline <i>MEN1</i> mutations (multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1), and germline <i>PRKAR1A</i> mutations (Carney complex) have been well described. Non-syndromic familial cases of isolated pituitary tumors can occur as familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA); mutations/deletions of the <i>AIP</i> gene have been found in a minority of these. Genetic alterations in <i>GPR101</i> have been identified recently as causing X-linked acro-gigantism (X-LAG) leading to very early-onset pediatric gigantism. Associations of pituitary adenomas with other tumors have been described in syndromes like multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4, pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma with pituitary adenoma association (3PAs) syndrome and some of their genetic causes have been elucidated. The genetic etiologies of a significant proportions of sporadic corticotropinomas have recently been identified with the discovery of <i>USP8</i> and <i>USP48</i> mutations. The elucidation of genetic and molecular pathophysiology in pituitary adenomas is a key factor for better patient management and effective follow-up.
Discussion of "Performance of nonceramic insulators under tropical field conditions" [Closure to discussion] (2000)

The author discusses the original paper ("Performance of nonceramic insulators under tropical field conditions", M.A.R.M. Fernando et al., see ibid., vol.15, no.1, p.335-60, 2000) and presents his observations. The original authors' response to the discussion is also included.
Image sharpness and beam focus VLSI sensors for adaptive optics (2002)

High-resolution wavefront control for adaptive optics requires accurate sensing of a measure of optical quality. We present two analog very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) image-plane sensors that supply real-time metrics of image and beam quality, for applications in imaging and line-of-sight laser communication. The image metric VLSI sensor quantifies sharpness of the received image in terms of average rectified spatial gradients. The beam metric VLSI sensor returns first and second order spatial moments of the received laser beam to quantify centroid and width. Closed-loop wavefront control of a laser beam through turbulence is demonstrated using a spatial phase modulator and analog VLSI controller that performs stochastic parallel gradient descent of the beam width metric.
HBAR as a high frequency high stress generator (2015)

In this paper we report on High-Overtone Bulk Acoustic Resonator (HBAR) as high stress generator by measuring f-Q product of various tones and overtones from room temperature to 80 Kelvin. HBARs provide excellent acoustic isolation from anchor losses as the modes are confined within the high finesse acoustic cavity made from single crystal diamond or silicon carbide (SiC) substrates. Their high Q and linearity makes them robust transducers for generating up to 20MPa AC stress with small drive voltages at GHz frequencies which is instrumental in manipulating spin-defect qubits in these materials.
Strömungsmodifikation durch niederfrequente Pulsation: Analogie von Wärme‐ und Partikeltransport (2008)

einem besseren Ergebnis (s. Abb.). Dieses erfreuliche Ergebnis besttigt die
Matching cross-resolution face images using co-transfer learning (2012)

Face recognition systems, trained in controlled environment, often fail to efficiently match low resolution images with high resolution images. In this research, a co-transfer learning framework is proposed in which knowledge learnt in controlled high resolution environment is transferred for matching low resolution probe images with high resolution gallery. The proposed framework seamlessly combines transfer learning and co-training to perform knowledge transfer by updating classifier's decision boundary with low resolution probe instances. Experiments are performed on the CMU-Multi-PIE and SCface database with gallery images of size 72 × 72 and size of probe images varying from 48 × 48 to 16 × 16. The results show that, in terms of rank-1 identification accuracy, the proposed algorithm outperforms existing approaches by at least 5%.
BUILDING A TEMPORARY SHORING WALL (1999)

The Oregon Department of Transportation designed and constructed a new interchange at N.E. 238th Avenue on Interstate 84. Maintaining traffic flow while completing the project posed a significant problem for the general contractor. The company needed to provide temporary shoring up to a height of 30 ft (9 m), while traffic ran just a few feet away from the base. A wrapped-face geotextile wall was considered the most cost-effective solution because of the low cost of installation and the fact that it was a permanent structure that would not have to be removed. The plan was to construct the temporary shoring for the southbound lane that would support traffic. Once the new structure was open for traffic, the face of the fabric wall would be slit open, layer by layer, from the bottom up as the second half of the embankment fill was being constructed for the northbound lane. This would eliminate having a complete separation between the two sides of embankment and allow the remaining wrapped-face wall to stay in place. Construction for the entire temporary shoring phase was drawn out over 6 months. Besides the large temporary shoring wall on N.E. 238th Avenue, three additional wrapped-face fabric walls were utilized for temporary shoring on this project. All three were supplied by the geotextile distributor, along with the required engineered designs and materials. The service life for the temporary shoring ranged from 9 months for the large 30-ft (9-m) high wall to 18 months for the 16-ft (5-m) high abutment wall on the north side of I-84. All of the other wrapped-fabric walls were left in the embankments in which they were constructed.
Human amniotic fluid stem cell injection therapy for urethral sphincter regeneration in an animal model (2012)

hAFSCs displayed MSC characteristics and could differentiate into cells of myogenic lineage. Periurethral injection of hAFSCs into an SUI animal model restored the urethral sphincter to apparently normal histology and function, in absence of immunogenicity and tumorigenicity.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Preclinical Evidence That 3′-Deoxy-3′-[<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorothymidine PET Can Visualize Recovery of Hematopoiesis after Gemcitabine Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of additional methods used for acquisition of the supplementary data.&lt;/p&gt;
Coexistence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis in Women with Infertility (2014)

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a higher incidence of endometriosis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), compared with normal fertile controls. Material and methods Women with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, with infertility and/or pelvic pain, were identified (n = 104), and together with fertile women seeking bilateral tubal ligation (n = 111), they were submitted to laparoscopy at the Greenville Hospital System or the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A biopsy was performed in 40 patients with PCOS to confirm or not endometriosis. Results Age was similar in both groups (control: 29.7 ± 0.5 years; PCOS: 29.6 ± 0.4). The incidence of suspected endometriotic lesions in controls and PCOS patients was 12.6% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.6%-20%) and 74% (95% CI, 64.8%-81.5%), respectively; with an odds ratio of 19.7 (95% CI, 9.6-40.2) of finding endometriosis in PCOS (p&lt;0.0001). Our results were similar when endometriosis was confirmed by pathology report. Of the PCOS patients with endometriosis, 76% had endometriosis stage I or II, according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria. Conclusions In this case-control study, a significant association between endometriosis and women with PCOS with pelvic pain and/or infertility was found. The majority of endometriotic lesions (76%) were stage I or II.
Thermal Drifts due to Thermomechanical Deformations in Capacitive Pressure Sensors (1998)

International audience
Immunogenicity of a Tetravalent Meningococcal Glycoconjugate Vaccine in Infants (2008)

MenACWY is well tolerated and immunogenic in infancy. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00262002.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound in Synthesis: An Overview (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nonlinear Optical Absorption Caused By Interaction Between Interband - And Intraband-resonant Lights In Multiple Quantum Well Structure (1990)

There is a great interest in nonlinear optical phenomena in multiple quantum well (MQW) structure. However, the investigation has been focused on either interband or intraband transition. If the interband and intraband transitions are utilized simultaneously, new application fields such as light-controlled optical modulation can be expected. (Fig.1) In this paper, we investigate theoretically the nonlinear optical absorption of interband-resonant light in n-doped MQW structure, which is caused by the simultaneous incidence of intraband-resonant light. Here we use the transition from bound to extended states as the intraband transition.
Capacity Analysis of Multiuser Diversity Combined with Dual MIMO Systems (2007)

In this letter, the system capacity of multiuser diversity combined with spatial multiplexing schemes is analyzed. An analytic expression is derived for the ergodic system capacity with multiuser scheduling and dual multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems by using a tight lower bound of the link capacity. The proposed analytic approach is verified through comparisons between analytic and simulated results, and is shown to make fairly precise predictions of the ergodic system capacity and the scheduling gains even when the numbers of antennas and users are small.
Perioperative Evaluation of the Obese Patient (2012)

Donohoe, Claire L.; Feeney, Ciara; Carey, Michael F.; Reynolds, John V. Author Information
Engineering lateral quantum interference devices using electron beam lithography and molecular beam epitaxy (1989)

Various new lateral quantum interference devices (QIDs) have been facbricated using high resolution electron beam lithography and molecular beam epitaxy. These QIDs utilize various nanometer scale electrodes to introduce electrostatic potential barriers in the electron gas at an AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction. At low temperatures, as the electron mean free path approaches the dimensions of the gate electrode, quantum interference of the electron wave with the barriers and wells creates quasibound states that result in conductance oscillations as the gate voltage is scanned. High resolution electron beam lithography is used to define the nanometer gates, readily allowing the definition and alignment of different electrodes on the same wafer. A planar implantation isolation step is used to facilitate the liftoff of the Ti/Au gates patterned in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Several novel QIDs will be described; emphasis will be on a new lateral double barrier resonant tunneling diode formed by two 80 nm gates separated by 100 nm. At 4.2 K, structure in the drain current is seen as the gate voltage is scanned for drain voltages less than 5 mV.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Thin Layers using Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method (2021)

The potential of thin layer in many applications has led to research on the development of many new materials and their fabrication methods. This study aimed to synthesize a thin layer of ZnO using the facile and low-cost sol-gel spin coating method. The ZnO thin layer is deposited on a glass substrate and analyzed to observe the influence of the deposition variables such as heating and rotation speed, and its aging. The characterization methods include the identification of the formed phase using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and the microstructure and elemental composition using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer). The study shows that a thin layer of ZnO is successfully deposited on a glass substrate by heat treatment at temperatures of 300 oC and 500 oC. Furthermore, XRD reveals that higher heating temperatures result in higher diffraction peak intensity. At a heating temperature of 300 °C crystals are formed but are not yet perfectly oriented, while they are at 500 °C. On the other hand, higher spin coating rotation speed gives rise to lower intensity of diffraction peak. The ZnO crystallization is easier to form in the coating process with a lower rotation (1500 rpm). Interestingly, the thin layer is stable over time where there is no significant change in each sample, both in terms of intensity and width of the ZnO crystal peak. The results indicate that gel precursor aged less than two days can form ZnO crystals. Finally, SEM results show that the surface morphology of the ZnO layer heated at 500 oC has an average grain size of 300 nm. Based on the cross-sectional results of SEM shows that the higher the coating rotation speed has resulted the thinner of the ZnO layer, where the thickness of the resulting layer is on order &gt;5 mm.