gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlled Aggregation Enhances Immunomodulatory Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Aggregates (2021)

Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of isolation and expansion and their ability to secrete antiapoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory factors. Three-dimensional (3D) aggregation "self-activates" MSCs to augment their pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory potential, but the microenvironmental features and culture parameters that promote optimal MSC immunomodulatory function in 3D aggregates are poorly understood. Here, we generated MSC aggregates via three distinct methods and compared them with regard to their (a) aggregate structure and (b) immunomodulatory phenotype under resting conditions and in response to inflammatory stimulus. Methods associated with fast aggregation kinetics formed aggregates with higher cell packing density and reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis compared to those with slow aggregation kinetics. While all three methods of 3D aggregation enhanced MSC expression of immunomodulatory factors compared to two-dimensional culture, different aggregation methods modulated cells' temporal expression of these factors. A Design of Experiments approach, in which aggregate size and aggregation kinetics were systematically covaried, identified a significant effect of both parameters on MSCs' ability to regulate immune cells. Compared to small aggregates formed with fast kinetics, large aggregates with slow assembly kinetics were more effective at T-cell suppression and macrophage polarization toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Thus, culture parameters including aggregation method, kinetics, and aggregate size influence both the structural properties of aggregates and their paracrine immunomodulatory function. These findings underscore the utility of engineering strategies to control properties of 3D MSC aggregates, which may identify new avenues for optimizing the immunomodulatory function of MSC-based cell therapies.
Information storage and retrieval for probe storage using optical diffraction patterns (2011)

A method for fast information retrieval from a probe storage device is considered. It is shown that information can be stored and retrieved using the optical diffraction patterns obtained by the illumination of a large array of cantilevers by a monochromatic light source. In thermo-mechanical probe storage, the information is stored as a sequence of indentations on the polymer medium. To retrieve the information, the array of probes is actuated by applying a bending force to the cantilevers. Probes positioned over indentations experience deflection by the depth of the indentation, probes over the flat media remain un-deflected. Thus the array of actuated probes can be viewed as an irregular optical grating, which creates a data-dependent diffraction pattern when illuminated by laser light. We develop a low complexity modulation scheme, which allows the extraction of information stored in the pattern of indentations on the media from Fourier coefficients of the intensity of the diffraction pattern. We then derive a low-complexity maximum-likelihood sequence detection algorithm for retrieving the user information from the Fourier coefficients. The derivation of both the modulation and the detection schemes is based on the Fraunhofer formula for data-dependent diffraction patterns. The applicability of Fraunhofer diffraction theory to the optical set-up relevant for probe storage is established both theoretically and experimentally. We confirm the potential of the optical readout technique by demonstrating that the impairment characteristics of probe storage channels (channel noise, global positioning errors, small indentation depth) do not lead to an unacceptable increase in data recovery error rates. We also show that for as long as the Fresnel number F ≤ 0.1, the optimal channel detector derived from Fraunhofer diffraction theory does not suffer any significant performance degradation.
Towards a generalised framework for behaviour insight mining (2020)

A behaviour insight is a statement t h a t explains the behaviour of a user's activity or a system's performance under certain conditions. Care must be taken to deliver insights in a way that is useful to the user. Mining for such insights and generating text to communicate about those is a complicated process and there is a need for standardisation to ensure it is done properly. In this work, we lay down the foundation towards a generalised behaviour insight mining framework based on our previous experiences in developing them and express our views on how it can be adopted in a wide range of applications such as Sleep, Marketing, Medical Image Diagnosis and clinical workflow management.
Semi-automatic video object segmentation by advanced manipulation of segmentation hierarchies (2015)

For applications that require very accurate video object segmentations, semi-automatic algorithms are typically used, which help operators to minimize the annotation time, as off-the-shelf automatic segmentation techniques are still far from being precise enough in this context. This paper presents a novel interface based on a click-and-drag interaction that allows to rapidly select regions from state-of-the-art segmentation hierarchies. The interface is very responsive, allows to obtain very accurate segmentations, and is designed to minimize the human interaction. To evaluate the results, we provide a new set of object video ground truth data.
Controller strategy for a 6 DOF piezoelectric translation stage (2006)

A controller for the third generation, 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) piezoelectric translation stage shown in Figure 1 is presented. This was tested by monitoring all six coordinate motions using an orthogonal array of six, high-resolution capacitance gages. The full 6 DOF matrix transformations and controller block diagrams for this system have been measured and the system operated under closed loop control. Results of early experiments to determine the 21 open loop response functions as well as preliminary results showing the closed loop response for the 3 linear translations are presented in this abstract. The ultimate goal of this project is to incorporate this 6 DOF stage within a long range X-Y scanning system for nanometer pick-and-place capability over an area of 50 x 50 mm. The control strategy and early results from this system will be presented.
Complete amino acid sequence of the 4Fe-4S, thermostable ferredoxin from Clostridium thermoaceticum (1982)

The complete amino acid sequence of the 4Fe-4S ferredoxin from the thermophilic bacterium Clostridium thermoaceticum has been determined. The protein is extremely thermostable and is the only known clostridial ferredoxin to contain a single [4Fe-4S] cluster. The sequence totals 63 residues and includes the first tryptophan (Trp-26) reported for a clostridial ferredoxin, and other amino acids not commonly found in clostridial or clostridial-like ferredoxins: methionine (Met-1), histidine (His-33), arginine (Arg-49), and leucine (Leu-9, -19, and -31). Sequence homology to clostridial and other 8Fe-8S ferredoxins is limited to eight to nine residues at the amino-terminal sulfhydryl grouping (Cys-10, -13, -16, and -20) and two to five residues in the carboxyterminal region. This ferredoxin is, thus, sequentially distinct from all known clostridial ferredoxins and from other bacterial ferredoxins in both the 8Fe-8S and 4Fe-4S classes.
Comparative Surface Electrochemistry of Co and Co3O4 Nanoparticles: Nitrite as an Analytical Probe (2010)

This study described the decoration of edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPPGE) with synthesised cobalt and cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The modified electrode was characterised by techniques such as TEM, FESEM, XRD, EDS, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The EPPGE-Co demonstrated enhanced electron transport and catalytic efficiency towards nitrite oxidation at pH 7.4 compared with the other electrodes studied. The catalytic rate constant (K) obtained at the EPPGE-Co for nitrite at pH 7.4 is 2.32 x 106 cm3mol-1s-1 while the limits of detection (LoD = 3.3 δ/m) is 7.3 x 10-7 M.
Harmonicare (2011)

In this paper, we present a novel design of the wind instrument, Harmonicare, which makes everybody playing the wind instrument easily, having a lot of fun and doing the respiratory training simultaneously. The device contains many valves for all reed chambers of harmonica, they control when and which note should be played according to the music notation. What the player needs to do is exhaling and inhaling rhythmically according to the hints on the device screen. The design combines the technology, musical arts and health care together. A bundle of Volunteers' experiences show that our novel design is easy to master and full of fun.
Development of a potent Zika virus vaccine using self-amplifying messenger RNA (2020)

Zika virus (ZIKV) is the cause of a pandemic associated with microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Currently, there are no available treatments or vaccines for ZIKV, and the development of a safe and effective vaccine is a high priority for many global health organizations. We describe the development of ZIKV vaccine candidates using the self-amplifying messenger RNA (SAM) platform technology delivered by cationic nanoemulsion (CNE) that allows bedside mixing and is particularly useful for rapid responses to pandemic outbreaks. Two immunizations of either of the two lead SAM (CNE) vaccine candidates elicited potent neutralizing antibody responses to ZIKV in mice and nonhuman primates. Both SAM (CNE) vaccines protected these animals from ZIKV challenge, with one candidate providing complete protection against ZIKV infection in nonhuman primates. The data provide a preclinical proof of concept that a SAM (CNE) vaccine candidate can rapidly elicit protective immunity against ZIKV.
Fracture Behaviour of Brazed Soft Martensitic Stainless Steel Joints under Cyclic Loading (2010)

The fracture behaviour of brazed joints of the soft martensitic stainless steel X3CrNiMo13-4 under cyclic loading is investigated. The fatigue crack propagation curves (da/dN-ΔK) were derived for different load ratios R. The fatigue crack threshold values ΔKth were estimated to be 9 MPa m0.5, 7 MPa m0.5, 6 MPa m0.5 and 4 MPa m0.5 for the R values of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7, respectively. In addition, crack growth curves were derived for different constant loads ΔF. The Paris exponent, n, was estimated for the different R values and found to be very high compared to homogeneous materials. The work was completed with microstructural and fractographic investigation by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Computer-aided lesion diagnosis in B-mode ultrasound by border irregularity and multiple sonographic features (2013)

In this paper, we propose novel feature extraction techniques which can provide a high accuracy rate of mass classification in the computer-aided lesion diagnosis of breast tumor. Totally 290 features were extracted using the newly developed border irregularity feature extractor as well as multiple sonographic features based on the breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) lexicons. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed features, 4,107 ultrasound images containing 2,508 malignant cases were used. The clinical results demonstrate that the proposed feature combination can be an integral part of ultrasound CAD systems to help accurately distinguish benign from malignant tumors.
The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N 2 O 5 on CaCO 3 and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates (2005)

Abstract. Uptake experiments of N2O5 on several mineral dust powder samples were carried out under continuous molecular flow conditions at 298±2 K. At [N2O5]0=(4.0±1.0)×1011 cm−3 we have found γss values ranging from (3.5±1.1)×10−2 for CaCO3 to (0.20±0.05) for Saharan Dust with γss decreasing as [N2O5]0 increased. We have observed delayed production of HNO3 upon uptake of N2O5 for every investigated sample owing to hydrolysis of N2O5 with surface-adsorbed H2O. At high and low [N2O5] Arizona Test Dust and Kaolinite turned out to be the samples to produce the largest amount of gas phase HNO3 with respect to N2O5 taken up. In contrast, the yield of HNO3 for Saharan Dust and CaCO3 are lower. On CaCO3 the disappearance of N2O5 was also accompanied by the formation of CO2. For CaCO3 sample masses ranging from 0.33 to 2.0 g, the yield of CO2 was approximately 42–50% with respect to the total number of N2O5 molecules taken up. The reaction of N2O5 with mineral dust and the subsequent production of gas phase HNO3 leads to a decrease in [NOx] which may have a significant effect on global ozone.
Supplementary Figure 5 from RapidCaP, a Novel GEM Model for Metastatic Prostate Cancer Analysis and Therapy, Reveals Myc as a Driver of <i>Pten</i>-Mutant Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 137K, Live monitoring of disease progression in castrated and mock castrated RapidCaP mice&lt;/p&gt;
Kinetik des Metallaustausches bei [N,N′‐Äthylenbis(salicyl‐aldiminato)]kupfer(II)‐Komplexen in Chloroform (1976)

Abstract Der isotope Kupferaustausch zwischen Mono(pyridin)kupfer(II)‐acetat (=CuAc 2 py) und [N,N′‐Äthylenbis(5‐methoxysalicylaldiminato)]kupfer(II) ( = CuL) in Chloroform kann im Bereich 20–50°C durch die Geschwindigkeitsgleichung (9) beschrieben werden. sie ist in Übereinstimmung mit einem aus drei Einzelschritten bestehenden Austauschmechanismus, an dem monomeres Kupferacetat und ein „aktivierter”︁ Komplex beteiligt sind. Die Auswertung der kinetischen Daten liefert den wert K d = 10 −4 mol/Liter für das Gleichgewicht zwischen dimerem und monomerem CuAc 2 py in Chloroform.
High Salt Diet Exacerbates Vascular Contraction in the Absence of Adenosine A2A Receptor (2014)

High salt (4% NaCl, HS) diet modulates adenosine-induced vascular response through adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)AR). Evidence suggests that A(2A)AR stimulates cyp450-epoxygenases, leading to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) generation. The aim of this study was to understand the vascular reactivity to HS and underlying signaling mechanism in the presence or absence of A(2A)AR. Therefore, we hypothesized that HS enhances adenosine-induced relaxation through EETs in A(2A)AR⁺/⁺, but exaggerates contraction in A(2A)AR⁻/⁻. Organ bath and Western blot experiments were conducted in HS and normal salt (NS, 0.18% NaCl)-fed A(2A)AR⁺/⁺ and A(2A)AR⁻/⁻ mice aorta. HS produced concentration-dependent relaxation to non-selective adenosine analog, NECA in A(2A)AR⁺/⁺, whereas contraction was observed in A(2A)AR⁻/⁻ mice and this was attenuated by A₁AR antagonist (DPCPX). CGS 21680 (selective A(2A)AR agonist) enhanced relaxation in HS-A(2A)AR⁺/⁺ versus NS-A(2A)AR⁺/⁺, which was blocked by EETs antagonist (14,15-EEZE). Compared with NS, HS significantly upregulated the expression of vasodilators A(2A)AR and cyp2c29, whereas vasoconstrictors A₁AR and cyp4a in A(2A)AR⁺/⁺ were downregulated. In A(2A)AR⁻/⁻ mice, however, HS significantly downregulated the expression of cyp2c29, whereas A₁AR and cyp4a were upregulated compared with A(2A)AR⁺/⁺ mice. Hence, our data suggest that in A(2A)AR⁺/⁺, HS enhances A(2A)AR-induced relaxation through increased cyp-expoxygenases-derived EETs and decreased A₁AR levels, whereas in A(2A)AR⁻/⁻, HS exaggerates contraction through decreased cyp-epoxygenases and increased A₁AR levels.
Polynomial Eigenvalue Decomposition-Based Target Speaker Voice Activity Detection in the Presence of Competing Talkers (2022)

Voice activity detection (VAD) algorithms are essential for many speech processing applications, such as speaker diarization, automatic speech recognition, speech enhancement, and speech coding. With a good VAD algorithm, non-speech segments can be excluded to improve the performance and computation of these applications. In this paper, we propose a polynomial eigenvalue decomposition-based target-speaker VAD algorithm to detect unseen target speakers in the presence of competing talkers. The proposed approach uses frame-based processing across multi-microphones to compute the syndrome energy, used for testing the presence or absence of a target speaker. The proposed approach is consistently among the best in F1 and balanced accuracy scores over the investigated range of signal to interference ratio (SIR) from -10 dB to 20 dB.
Identification of Potent and Selective Amidobipyridyl Inhibitors of Protein Kinase D (2010)

The synthesis and biological evaluation of potent and selective PKD inhibitors are described herein. The compounds described in the present study selectively inhibit PKD among other putative HDAC kinases. The PKD inhibitors of the present study blunt phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear export of HDAC4/5 in response to diverse agonists. These compounds further establish the central role of PKD as an HDAC4/5 kinase and enhance the current understanding of cardiac myocyte signal transduction. The in vivo efficacy of a representative example compound on heart morphology is reported herein.
Average-rate optimal PSAM transmissions over time-selective fading channels (2003)

Enabling linear minimum-mean square error (LMMSE) based estimation of random time-selective channels, pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) has well documented merits as a fading countermeasure capable of improving bit error rate performance. In this paper, we establish average-rate optimality of PSAM by showing that the insertion of equi-powered and equi-spaced pilot symbols in PSAM transmissions maximizes a tight lower bound of the average channel capacity. Relying on a simple closed form expression of this bound in terms of the LMMSE channel estimator variance, we further design PSAM transmissions with optimal spacing of pilot symbols, and optimal allocation of the transmit-power budget between pilot and information symbols.
Synthetic Studies toward the C32–C46 Segment of Hemicalide. Assignment of the Relative Configuration of the C36–C42 Subunit (2015)

The synthesis of five diastereomeric model compounds incorporating the C32-C46 segment of the antitumor marine natural product hemicalide has been achieved through a convergent approach relying on the 1,4-addition of an alkenyl boronate to an α,β-unsaturated δ-lactone followed by α-hydroxylation of an enolate and a Julia-Kocienski olefination. Comparison of the (1)H and (13)C NMR data of the model compounds with those of hemicalide enabled the assignment of the relative configuration of the C36-C42 subunit.
4H-SiC DMOSFETs for power conversion applications successes and ongoing challenges (2010)

Power devices fabricated in 4H-SiC are poised to significantly impact the field of power electronics. There has been great interest in SiC as a material in which to fabricate power electronic devices for quite some time based on its very promising fundamental materials properties. However, it has been far more recently that the potential of SiC is being appreciated as a result of the recent advances in material quality, fabrication processes and device design. Based on the high critical breakdown electric field, high bandgap and high thermal conductivity of SiC, systems that are specifically designed to take advantage of these characteristics offer superior power density, lower cooling requirements, and prolonged survivability in adverse conditions when compared to systems fabricated with Si power devices.
A mathematical model for heterogeneous reactions with a moving boundary (1989)

Abstract A general mathematical model is presented for the noncatalytic reaction between a porous solid and a gas with solid product formation under conditions controlled by intraparticle diffusion. The model has been formulated in general terms so as to allow the incorporation of specific details pertaining to actual systems. The formulation assumes that the gaseous reactant diffuses through the pore space of the particle followed by diffusion through the product layer. The resulting equations are solved numerically. This model has been used to predict conversion‐time curves for the atmospheric oxidation of iron disulfide contained in porous solids. The predicted curves are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. In particular, it produces accurate estimates for the conversion rates of iron disulfide at different temperatures.
VIDEO PROCESSING AND UNDERSTANDING TOOLS FOR AUGMENTED MULTISENSOR PERCEPTION AND MOBILE USER INTERACTION IN SMART SPACES (2005)

In this paper, a complete Smart Space architecture and related system prototype are presented. The system is able to analyze situations of interest in a given environment and to produce related contextual information. Experimental results show that video information plays a major role for what concerns both situation perception and personalized contex-aware communications. For this reason, the poropsed multisensor system automatically extracts information from multiple cameras as well as diverse sensors describing environment status. This information is then used to trigger personalized and context-aware video messages adaptively sent to users. A rule-based module is encharged to customize video messages in relation to the user profile, contextual situation and users's terminal. The systems outputs graphically generated video messages consisting of an animated avatar (i.e. Virtual Character) closing the loop on users. Proposed results validate the conceptual schema behind the architecture and the successful adaption to the analysis of different situations.
High field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry: an investigation of leucine enkephalin ions produced by electrospray ionization (1999)

High field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) provides atmospheric pressure, room temperature, low-resolution separation of gas-phase ions. The FAIMS analyzer acts as an ion filter that can continuously transmit one type of ion, independent of m/z. The combination of FAIMS with electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (ESI-FAIMS-MS) is a powerful technique and is used in this study to investigate the cluster ions of leucine enkephalin (YGGFL). Separation by FAIMS of leucine enkephalin ions having the same m/z (m/z 556.5), [M + H](+) and [2M + 2H](2+), was observed. In addition, four complex ions of leucine enkephalin, [2M + H](+), [4M + 2H](2+), [6M + 3H](3+), and [8M + 4H](4+), all having m/z 1112, were shown to be separated in FAIMS. Fragmentation of ions as the result of harsh conditions within the mass spectrometer interface (FAIMS-MS) was shown to provide similar information to that obtained from MS/MS experiments in conventional ESI-MS.
Coverage and Capacity Enhancement Methods (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Techniques for Improving Coverage Techniques for Improving Capacity Uplink Cell Load and Base Station Transmit Power Additional Carriers and Scrambling Codes Mast Head Amplifiers and Active Antennas Remote RF Head Amplifiers Higher Order Receive Diversity Transmit Diversity Multiple Input Multiple Output in UTRA FDD Beamforming Rollout Optimised Configuration Sectorisation Repeaters Micro-cell Deployment Capacity Upgrade Process Summary of Coverage and Capacity Enhancement Methods References
Probabilistic document-context based relevance feedback with limited relevance judgments (2006)

This paper presents our novel relevance feedback (RF) algorithm that uses the probabilistic document-context based retrieval model with limited relevance judgments for document re-ranking. Probabilities of the document-context based retrieval model are estimated from the top N (=20) documents in the initial retrieval. We use document-context based cosine similarity measure to find similar data for better probability estimation in order to reduce the data scarcity problem and the negative weighting problem. Our RF algorithm is promising because its mean average precision is statistically significantly better than the baseline using TREC-6 and TREC-7 data collections.