gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In a mouse model of INCL reduced S‐palmitoylation of cytosolic thioesterase APT1 contributes to microglia proliferation and neuroinflammation (2021)

S-palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification in which a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid (generally palmitate) is attached to specific cysteine residues in polypeptides via thioester linkage. Dynamic S-palmitoylation (palmitoylation-depalmitoylation), like phosphorylation-dephosphorylation, regulates the function of numerous proteins, especially in the brain. While a family of 23 palmitoyl-acyl transferases (PATS), commonly known as ZDHHCs, catalyze S-palmitoylation of proteins, the thioesterases, localized either in the cytoplasm (eg, APT1) or in the lysosome (eg, PPT1) mediate depalmitoylation. Previously, we reported that APT1 requires dynamic S-palmitoylation for shuttling between the cytosol and the plasma membrane. APT1 depalmitoylated H-Ras to regulate its signaling pathway that stimulates cell proliferation. Although we demonstrated that APT1 catalyzed its own depalmitoylation, the ZDHHC(s) that S-palmitoylated APT1 had remained unidentified. We report here that ZDHHC5 and ZDHHC23 catalyze APT1 S-palmitoylation. Intriguingly, lysosomal Ppt1-deficiency in Cln1<sup>-/-</sup> mouse, a reliable animal model of INCL, markedly reduced ZDHHC5 and ZDHHC23 levels. Remarkably, in the brain of these mice decreased ZDHHC5 and ZDHHC23 levels suppressed membrane-bound APT1, thereby, increasing plasma membrane-localized H-Ras, which activated its signaling pathway stimulating microglia proliferation. Increased inflammatory cytokines produced by microglia together with increased complement C1q level contributed to the transformation of astrocytes to neurotoxic A1 phenotype. Importantly, neuroinflammation was ameliorated by treatment of Cln1<sup>-/-</sup> mice with a PPT1-mimetic small molecule, N-tert(Butyl)hydroxylamine (NtBuHA). Our results revealed a novel pathway to neuropathology in an INCL mouse model and uncovered a previously unrecognized mechanism of the neuroprotective actions of NtBuHA and its potential as a drug target.
Wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing using multiwavelength VCSEL and resonance-enhanced photodetector arrays (1998)

A novel wavelength-division-multiplexed optical interconnect is demonstrated in which optical data from a monolithic wavelength-chirped VCSEL array is multiplexed onto a single fiber, and then demultiplexed using an array of wavelength-selective resonance-enhanced photodetectors with closely matched/resonance wavelengths. This is demonstrated under both DC and 125 Mb/s data modulation, achieving an optical crosstalk rejection ratio of /spl sim/-10 dB (-7.5 dB) for channels that are spaced 6 nm (4 nm) apart.
Phase I Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Study of MLN8237, an Investigational, Oral, Selective Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2012)

The recommended phase II dose of MLN8237 is 50 mg twice daily on the 7-day schedule, which is being evaluated further in a variety of malignancies, including in a phase III trial in peripheral T-cell lymphoma.
ODS iron aluminides (1996)

Interest in advanced cycles that involve indirectly-fired gas turbines, in which coal- or gas-fired high-temperature heat exchangers are used to heat a working fluid in a closed system, has led to investigation of materials for heat exchangers capable of operation at temperatures of the order of 1200 to 1300{degrees}C. The candidate materials are ceramics and, possibly, oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys. An ODS FeCrAl alloy was found to meet the strength requirements for such an application, in which the working fluid at 0.9 MPa was to be heated from 800 to 1100{degrees}C over a tube length of 4 m. The oxidation life of ODS FeCrAl alloys is determined by their ability to form or reform a protective alumina scale, and can be related to the time for the aluminum content of the alloy to be depleted to some minimum level. As a result, the service life is a function of the available aluminum content of the alloys and the minimum aluminum level at which breakaway oxidation occurs, hence there is a limit on the minimum cross section which can be safely employed at temperatures above 1200{degrees}C. Because of their significantly higher aluminum content ({ge}28 atom %/{ge}16 wt. percent compared to {approx}9 atom %15 wt. percent), alloys based on Fe{sub 3}Al afford a potentially larger reservoir of aluminum to sustain oxidation resistance at higher temperatures and, therefore, offer a possible improvement over the currently-available ODS FeCrAl alloys, providing they can be strengthened in a similar manner.
6G Wireless Communications: Future Technologies and Research Challenges (2019)

5G wireless communications technology is being launched, with many smart applications being integrated. However, 5G specifications meagre the requirements of new emerging technologies forcefully. These include data rate, capacity, latency, reliability, resources sharing, and energy/bit. To meet these challenging demands, research is focusing on 6G wireless communications enabling different technologies and emerging new applications. In this paper, the latest research work on 6G technologies and applications is summarized, and the associated research challenges are discussed.
Phase Determination in SLID Bonding (2018)

Solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding is a technique based on intermetallic compounds (IMCs), enabling a thermal stability at temperatures far surpassing the bonding temperature. The technique has been developed as a die attach and interconnection technology for high-temperature applications, but is also excellent for fine-pitch bonding, and for obtaining bonds with thin layers of well-defined metallurgy. Determining the phases of IMC in a SLID bond is crucial in order to understand and predict the properties of the bond. The re-melting temperature of the bond is defined by the IMCs present, and thus directly defines the high-temperature range the SLID bond can survive. Furthermore, the phases present in a SLID bond determines whether the bond is at thermal equilibrium, or if reactions to form new IMCs are expected over the lifetime of the SLID bond (at the actual application temperature). Also, material properties such as electrical conductivity and elastic modulus will depend on which phase is present in a SLID bond. The two most common SLID systems are treated in this paper: Cu-Sn has a relatively simple phase diagram, with two IMCs. The possible phases in a Cu-Sn SLID bond are easily identified by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and they are easily differentiated in optical microscopy as well as in SEM microscopy. Routine investigations of spatial distribution of the various phases can thus be performed by microscopy. Au-Sn has a more complex phase diagram. Au and Au-Sn IMCs are easily distinguished in optical microscopy, but not so easily in SEM. The different IMCs are not discernable neither by microscopy nor by EDX. By using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) in combination with electron microscopy and EDX, we demonstrate phase identification and the spatial distribution of phases in a complex Au-Sn SLID bond.
Investigating Inter-NF Dependencies in Cloud-Native 5G Core Networks (2021)

The increasing popularity of cloud-native approaches has led to their wide adoption in the telecommunications industry. 5G Core Networks (5GCN) are developed to take advantage of cloud-native design principles, with a high degree of functional decomposition and distributed deployment. This results in implications in inter-Network Function (NF) dependencies that need to be studied. This work focuses on investigating the effect that these dependencies have in how the resources are utilized from the 5GCN NFs. We consider a private cloud environment where a reference 5G Core implementation, namely Free5GC, is deployed and orchestrated with Kubernetes. In addition, a gNB & UE Emulator is developed to allow for the execution of different control plane procedures. Our evaluations highlight the importance of catering for the inter-NF dependencies in achieving efficient resource utilization as well as avoiding deployments where a single NF can bottleneck the entire 5GCN.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Controls Endothelial Cell Sensitivity to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis via Regulation of FLICE-Inhibitory Protein (FLIP) (2001)

Fas is constitutively expressed on endothelial cells, but in contrast to smooth muscle and other cell types, endothelial cells are highly resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. In this study, we examined the role of the serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB in controlling the sensitivity of endothelial cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Serum deprivation inhibited expression of the caspase-8 inhibitor FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP), which functions downstream from Fas. FLIP expression levels were restored when serum-depleted cells were treated with vascular endothelial growth factor. Treatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) inhibitors wortmannin or LY294002 or infection of the adenoviral construct expressing dominant-negative Akt (Adeno-dnAkt) also inhibited the expression of FLIP in endothelial cells, whereas the MEK inhibitor PD98059 had no effect. Conversely, adenovirus-mediated transfection of a constitutively-active Akt gene abolished the wortmannin- and LY294002-mediated downregulation of FLIP. Suppression of PI 3-kinase signaling sensitized endothelial cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Under conditions of suppressed PI 3-kinase signaling, restoration of FLIP expression reversed the induced sensitivity of endothelial cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. These data suggest that inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis, via promotion of FLIP expression, is a mechanism through which Akt signaling can promote endothelial cell survival.
Queensland Drug Trends 2019: Key findings from the Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) Interviews (2020)

The Ecstasy and Related Drugs Reporting System (EDRS) is an ongoing illicit drug monitoring system which has been conducted in all states and territories of Australia since 2003, and forms part of the Drug Trends program of research at the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC). The purpose of the EDRS is to provide a coordinated approach to monitoring the use, market features, and harms of ecstasy and related drugs. This includes drugs routinely used in entertainment and recreational contexts, e.g. nightclubs, dance parties, pubs and music festivals, including ecstasy, methamphetamine, cocaine, new psychoactive substances, LSD, ketamine, GHB &amp; GBL. The 2018 QLD sample were mostly male with a median age of 19; 42% were studying. Ecstasy and cannabis were most frequent drugs of choice.
Analysis of PCB subassembly dynamic responses using integrated analytical, numerical and experimental techniques (2006)

The mechanical shock causes multiple PCB bending or vibration which induces the solder joint fatigue failure. The solder joint failures are strongly dependent on many factors. In particular, PCB design and mounting method is one of the key factors. It determines the dynamic responses, and the degree of PCB flexing which is the root cause of solder joint failure. In this paper, dynamic strains of PCB are measured and analyzed in detail with a real-time electrical monitoring system. The effects of test variables, such as drop height, number of PCB mounting screws, and tightness of screws, are studied by comparing and analyzing the dynamic responses. Frequency domain analysis is introduced to perform advanced spectrum analysis on the dynamic responses of PCB during drop impact. Spectrums of impact pulse and dynamic strains are obtained by using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique. Bending mode shapes and frequencies of PCB extracted from strain spectrums are consistent with the results of modal analysis by finite element modeling. Knowledge of spectrums of PCB dynamic responses is very important to understand the PCB bending characteristics which affect the solder joint reliability. Most of the fundamental modes of PCB with frequencies lower than 2.5kHz are excited during drop impact. The first mode is the dominant one. From the spectrum analysis, it is clear that the bending mode shapes and frequencies are unique for different PCB mounting configurations.
Image-guided therapy systems (2009)

Introduction: Diagnosis and Therapy. Imaging Modalities. Interventional Therapy Modalities. Image-Guided Therapy. Practical Considerations of Image-Guided Therapy.
Introduction to “Advances in Photodynamic Therapy 2018” (2019)

This Special Issue of <i>Molecules</i> entitled "Advances in Photodynamic Therapy 2018" contains seven papers, including five original reports and two reviews. [...].
Elastic Anomalies of Rb2ZnCl4around the Normal-Incommensurate Phase Transition Point (1979)

Ultrasonic velocities and attenuations of Rb 2 ZnCl 4 were measured as functions of temperature. The observed anomalies of the velocities are discussed in relation to the incommensurate soft mode.
Measurement precision improvement to estimate the immunity performance for in-vehicle ethernet (2018)

It is a well-known fact that a lot of electronic control units (ECUs) and high-speed communication local area networks (LANs) are necessary for self-driving vehicle systems. Original equipment manufacturers (OEM) are interested in Ethernet that has high data rate and low signal amplitude introduced on vehicles. Thus, ensuring immunity performance is one of the main issues in the in-vehicle Ethernet. Therefore we suggested a method to define a criterion for the immunity performance using the mixed-mode S-parameter for mode conversion (Sdc11) of 100Mbps and 1Gbps Ethernet ECU. In this paper, we propose and investigate a test method using highly precise S-parameters obtained applying de-embedding technique.
Catalytic Enantioselective 5-Hydroxyisoxazolidine Synthesis: An Asymmetric Entry to β-Amino Acids (2007)

The highly chemo- and enantioselective organocatalytic tandem reaction between N-carbamate-protected hydroxylamines and ?,?-unsaturated aldehydes is presented. The reaction represents a unique entry for the asymmetric synthesis of 5-hydroxyisoxazolidines, oxazolidin-5-ones or ?-hydroxyamino alcohols in high yields and 90-99% ee. A procedure for the conversion of the oxazolidin-5-ones into the corresponding ?-amino acids is also described.
Effect of surfactant on nitroblue tetrazolium reduction of polymorphonuclear leucocytes stimulated with type la group B streptococci (1995)

Activation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) was investigated after incubation of adult human PMN and group B streptococci (GBS) type Ia with a type-specific polyclonal antiserum and a modified porcine surfactant (Curosurf). The level of oxidative metabolism of PMN was studied using a micromethod modification of the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test. GBS alone did not stimulate significant oxygen metabolite release from PMN, and incubation of PMN with surfactant alone resulted in decreased NBT reduction. After opsonization of GBS with a specific antibody, PMN were activated and the increased oxygen metabolite release was not suppressed when surfactant was added to the system. We conclude that the encapsulated GBS strain investigated needs opsonization with specific antibody to increase oxidative metabolism of PMN, and that incubation of PMN and opsonized GBS with surfactant does not interfere with NBT reduction.
Application of Fluorescein Fluorescence in Vascular Neurosurgery (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Fluorescein sodium (FNa) is a fluorescent drug with a long history of use for assessing retinal blood flow in ophthalmology; however, its application in vascular neurosurgery is only now gaining popularity. This review summarizes the current knowledge about using FNa videoangiography in vascular neurosurgery. <b>Methods:</b> We performed a literature review on the usage of FNa for fluorescent videoangiography procedures in neurosurgery. We analyzed methods of injection, dosages of FNa, visualizing platforms, and interpretation of FNa videoangiography. We also reviewed practical applications of FNa videoangiography during various vascular neurosurgeries. <b>Results:</b> FNa videoangiography can be performed with intraarterial (intracarotid) or intravenous dye injections. Both methods provide excellent resolution with enhanced fluorescence that shows intravascular blood flow on top of visible surrounding anatomy, and both allow simultaneous purposeful microsurgical manipulations. Although it is invasive, an intracarotid FNa injection results in faster contrast appearance and higher-intensity fluorescence and requires a lower dose per injection (reported range, 1-50 mg) compared with peripheral intravenous FNa injection (reported range, 75-2,000 mg or 1-1.5 mg/kg body weight). Four optical excitation/detection tools for FNa videoangiography have been successfully used: conventional xenon-light operating microscope with a special filter set, pencil-type light-emitting diode probe with a filter set, laser-illumination operating microscope, and an endoscope with a filter set. FNa videoangiography was reported to be feasible and useful in various clinical scenarios, such as examining the feeders and drainers in arteriovenous malformation surgery, checking the patency of a microvascular anastomosis, and assessing blood flow during aneurysm clipping. FNa videoangiography can be repeated during the same procedure and used along with indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography. <b>Conclusions:</b> Compared with ICG videoangiography, FNa videoangiography has the advantages of enabling real-time inspection and better visualization at deep locations; however, thick vessel walls limit visualization of FNa in larger vessels. FNa videoangiography is a useful tool in multiple neurovascular scenarios and merits further studies to establish its clinical value.
Lyapunov functions for uncertain systems with applications to the stability of time varying systems (2002)

This paper has three contributions. The first involves polytopes of matrices whose characteristic polynomials also lie in a polytopic set (e.g. companion matrices). We show that this set is Hurwitz or Schur invariant if there exist multiaffinely parameterized positive definite Lyapunov matrices which solve an augmented Lyapunov equation. The second result concerns uncertain transfer functions with denominator and numerator belonging to a polytopic set. We show all members of this set are strictly positive real if the Lyapunov matrices solving the equations featuring the Kalman-Yakubovic-Popov Lemma are multiaffinely parameterized. Moreover, under an alternative characterization of the underlying polytopic sets, the Lyapunov matrices for both of these results admit affine parameterizations. Finally, we apply the Lyapunov equation results to derive stability conditions for a class of linear time-varying systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Triazolyl‐Substituted 3‐Aminopiperidines by Huisgen‐1,3‐dipolar Cycloaddition — New Scaffolds for Combinatorial Chemistry. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Radio Frequency Aspects (2009)

Radio Frequency (RF) requirements for LTE are similar in principle to those specified for UMTS. The main challenge for practical transceiver design arises from the use of variable channel bandwidth in LTE, ranging from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz in Release 8, in contrast to UMTS which is defined only for 5 MHz channel bandwidth (for FDD). This chapter focuses on the challenges of the RF design, pointing out the differences from UMTS, and describing the rationale behind the definition of the specifications. The main emphasis is on the UE, although the eNodeB is also covered. The first part of the chapter considers the transmitter, including Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) and unwanted emissions. The second part of the chapter focuses on the receiver, including in particular sensitivity and blocking, spurious emissions and intermodulation distortion. Finally, a systematic theoretical model is provided, covering the RF impairments in both the transmitter and the receiver.
Joint Discriminative Decoding of Words and Semantic Tags for Spoken Language Understanding (2013)

Most Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) systems today employ a cascade approach, where the best hypothesis from Automatic Speech Recognizer (ASR) is fed into understanding modules such as slot sequence classifiers and intent detectors. The output of these modules is then further fed into downstream components such as interpreter and/or knowledge broker. These statistical models are usually trained individually to optimize the error rate of their respective output. In such approaches, errors from one module irreversibly propagates into other modules causing a serious degradation in the overall performance of the SLU system. Thus it is desirable to jointly optimize all the statistical models together. As a first step towards this, in this paper, we propose a joint decoding framework in which we predict the optimal word as well as slot sequence (semantic tag sequence) jointly given the input acoustic stream. Furthermore, the improved recognition output is then used for an utterance classification task, specifically, we focus on intent detection task. On a SLU task, we show 1.5% absolute reduction (7.6% relative reduction) in word error rate (WER) and 1.2% absolute improvement in F measure for slot prediction when compared to a very strong cascade baseline comprising of state-of-the-art large vocabulary ASR followed by conditional random field (CRF) based slot sequence tagger. Similarly, for intent detection, we show 1.2% absolute reduction (12% relative reduction) in classification error rate.
Discovery of a Potent and Selective DGAT1 Inhibitor with a Piperidinyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety (2014)

We report the discovery of a novel series of DGAT1 inhibitors in the benzimidazole class with a piperdinyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid moiety. This novel series possesses significantly improved selectivity against the A2A receptor, no ACAT1 off-target activity at 10 μM, and higher aqueous solubility and free fraction in plasma as compared to the previously reported pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid series. In particular, 5B was shown to possess an excellent selectivity profile by screening it against a panel of more than 100 biological targets. Compound 5B significantly reduces lipid excursion in LTT in mouse and rat, demonstrates DGAT1 mediated reduction of food intake and body weight in mice, is negative in a 3-strain Ames test, and appears to distribute preferentially in the liver and the intestine in mice. We believe this lead series possesses significant potential to identify optimized compounds for clinical development.
Gaussian process transforms (2016)

We introduce the Gaussian Process Transform (GPT), an orthogonal transform for signals defined on a finite but otherwise arbitrary set of points in a Euclidean domain. The GPT is obtained as the Karhunen-Loéve Transform (KLT) of the marginalization of a Gaussian Process defined on the domain. Compared to the Graph Transform (GT), which is the KLT of a Gauss Markov Random Field over the same set of points whose neighborhood structure is inherited from the Euclidean domain, the GPT has up to 6 dB higher coding gain.