gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermomechanical modeling of 3D electronic packages (2008)

Development of complex electronic packages requires a judicious combination of experimentation and modeling. Fabrication costs of electronic packaging prototypes can be prohibitive; therefore, the building of effective virtual prototypes provides an important challenge for the modeling community. Fortunately, finite-element modeling (FEM) has become sufficiently mature to allow technologists to develop reliable insights into the thermal and mechanical integrity of proposed structures. For modeling to be leveraged as an effective means of avoiding thermally related mechanical problems, the diversity in size scale found in three-dimensional electronic packages must be carefully considered and addressed. Employing three distinct examples, we summarize our experience and insights in applying FEM in order to make informed decisions in the early stages of product package research and development.
Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by a π-Conjugated Donor–Acceptor–Donor Chromophore/Catalyst Assembly (2018)

The organic chromophore 2,2′-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)bis(thiophene-3-carboxylic acid), T2-BTD, was prepared and investigated along with metal complex [Ru(bda)(pyP)2] (bda = 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate; pyP = 3-(pyridine-4-yloxy)propyl)phosphonic acid), RuC, for light-driven water splitting in dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells. The resulting co-loaded organic chromophore plus catalyst surface assembly was evaluated by photocurrent transient measurement and direct O2 detection using a collector–generator cell. The complete SnO2/TiO2 core–shell-based photoanode exhibited an enhanced photocurrent (∼38 μA cm–2) compared to that with only the chromophore (∼24 μA cm–2). A modest Faradaic efficiency of 12% was recorded for O2 generation under 1 sun illumination in pH 3.9, 0.1 M acetate buffer solutions.
Optimization of secondary cathode thickness for direct current glow discharge mass spectrometric analysis of glass (1996)

Direct current glow discharge mass spectrometry can be used for the analysis of solid non-conducting samples by application of the secondary cathode technique. In the work reported, the thickness of this secondary cathode, a conducting diaphragm placed in front of the sample, was evaluated. Variation of the secondary cathode thickness results in a variation of the electrode configuration and of the discharge voltage required for stable atomization of the non-conductor. Both parameters were evaluated separately using conducting samples. Thickness and voltage were found to have an opposite effect on the sample signal intensity obtained and on the crater shape created. Generally, it could be concluded that, for the determination of elements at low concentrations in glass plates, a thin secondary cathode is preferable, but that the use of a thick secondary cathode results in a flatter crater profile, which is important for depth profiling.
Multi-target search strategies (2016)

This paper addresses the problem of searching multiple non-adversarial targets using a mobile searcher in an obstacle-free environment. In practice, we are particularly interested in marine applications where the targets drift on the ocean surface. These targets can be surface sensors used for marine environmental monitoring, drifting debris, or lost divers in open water. Searching for a floating target requires prior knowledge about the search region and an estimate of the target's motion. This task becomes challenging when searching for multiple targets where persistent searching for one of the targets can result in the loss of other targets. Hence, the searcher needs to trade-off between guaranteed and fast searches. We propose three classes of search strategies for addressing the multi-target search problem. These include, data-independent, probabilistic and hybrid search. The data-independent search strategy follow a pre-defined search pattern and schedule. The probabilistic search strategy is guided by the estimated probability distribution of the search target. The hybrid strategy combines data-independent search patterns with a probabilistic search schedule. We evaluate these search strategies in simulation and compare their performance characteristics in the context of searching multiple drifting targets using an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV).
Surface Charge Modulation and Reduction of Non-Linear Electrolytic Screening in FET-Based Biosensing (2020)

We experimentally investigate the influence of non-linear electrolytic screening by the electric double layer (EDL) and its impact on the field-effect transistor (FET) sensitivity to charged (bio)molecules. We use DNA hybridization to a PNA capture probe layer as model system. By co-depositing positively or negatively charged blocker molecules together with the PNA capture probes on the negatively charged SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> surface of the FET, we control the overall surface charge and modulate the strength of local ion concentration within the EDL. We observe a FET signal enhancement of up to 51% when the overall charge including the captured analyte itself swings roughly symmetrically around zero during capture, as confirmed by zeta potential measurements. Surface plasmon resonance measurements rule out a change in captured analyte density as the origin of the enhancement in sensitivity. This confirms that excess screening caused by the large local ion concentration, which increases non-linearly with potential in the EDL, is responsible for a loss in sensitivity in bioFETs with a charged surface. These experimental findings agree with the early theoretical works that find a low surface potential to be desirable for the best bioFET performance.
Impact of Different PCE Architectures on Flow Performance Depending on Precipitated Ettringite (2018)

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Source-side spatial wavefield gradients in land seismic exploration (2019)

ABSTRACT The recording of seismic data using arrays of densely spaced receivers enables the estimation of the spatial gradient components of the wavefield, in addition to the acquisition of conventional translational motion. We have extended the concept of array-based receiver-side gradiometry to the source-side and investigated the potential of combining source- and receiver-side gradient estimates for land seismic exploration. The robustness of array-based gradient source formation is demonstrated with a field data reciprocity experiment. We apply a gradient-based elastic wavefield decomposition technique to small arrays of densely spaced vertically and horizontally oriented force sources and determine with synthetic and field data examples that the processing of data obtained from multicomponent source arrays allows us to simulate a composite source that theoretically only emits S-waves at all emergence angles. A promising application of the gradient-based S-wave source is downhole S-wave imaging. Finally, by combining source- and receiver-side gradient estimates, 49C seismic data can be obtained comprising three translational components, three rotational components, and one divergence component on the source and receiver side. This concept could have a significant potential to enhance the acquisition and processing of data from locally dense arrays in land seismic exploration.
Immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of sequential immunizations with an SIV-based IDLV expressing CH505 Envs (2020)

A preventative HIV-1 vaccine is an essential intervention needed to halt the HIV-1 pandemic. Neutralizing antibodies protect against HIV-1 infection in animal models, and thus an approach toward a protective HIV-1 vaccine is to induce broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). One strategy to achieve this goal is to define envelope (Env) evolution that drives bnAb development in infection and to recreate those events by vaccination. In this study, we report the immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy in rhesus macaques of an SIV-based integrase defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) expressing sequential gp140 Env immunogens derived from the CH505 HIV-1-infected individual who made the CH103 and CH235 bnAb lineages. Immunization with IDLV expressing sequential CH505 Envs induced higher magnitude and more durable binding and neutralizing antibody responses compared to protein or DNA +/- protein immunizations using the same sequential envelopes. Compared to monkeys immunized with a vector expressing Envs alone, those immunized with the combination of IDLV expressing Env and CH505 Env protein demonstrated improved durability of antibody responses at six months after the last immunization as well as lower peak viremia and better virus control following autologous SHIV-CH505 challenge. There was no evidence of vector mobilization or recombination in the immunized and challenged monkeys. Although the tested vaccines failed to induce bnAbs and to mediate significant protection following SHIV-challenge, our results show that IDLV proved safe and successful at inducing higher titer and more durable immune responses compared to other vaccine platforms.
Modular plasmonic nanocarriers for efficient delivery of siRNA with spatial and temporal control (749.2) (2014)

RNA interference (RNAi), a process that controls the flow of genetic information in cells, has been recognized for its potential in cancer therapeutic applications and stem cell differentiation related regenerative medicine. Yet the routine use of RNAi for disease treatment or prevention still calls for novel and efficient methods of delivery with spatial and temporal control. One of the most difficult hurdles to overcome for RNAi using nonviral vectors is endosomal escape into the cytosol, which is necessary for gene silencing to occur. We recently developed an approach using hollow gold nanoshells (HGNs) and near infrared (NIR) light: siRNAs were conjugated onto HGNs via quasi-covalent gold-thiol bond; laser illumination at a wavelength resonant with the nanoparticle plasmon (~800nm) triggered the release of siRNAs. Here we describe our further improvement of this approach through the use of targeting peptides to deliver the siRNA to specific cancer cells. We targeted the Polo-like kinase (PLK1), critical to centrosome maturation during mitosis, to induce a pro-apoptotic pathway in prostate cancer cells. We also developed a modular design to make the assembly of these siRNA delivery reagents more straightforward and inexpensive. We modified the targeting peptide approach by enclosing the HGN-siRNA with TAT-lipid and delivered the siRNA into human embryonic stem cells. Grant Funding Source: Supported by NIH grant R01 EB012637 and CIRM grant TG2-01151
Crossed-beam studies of radical reaction dynamics: (1994)

The title reaction has been studied in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. Both the product state distributions and the translational energy dependence of the reaction cross sections were measured under single collision conditions. Excellent agreement was found over a wide temperature range (26–3800 K) between rate constants deduced from the translational excitation function and recent thermal kinetic data. The rotational state distribution was found to be very cold compared to the reaction exothermicity, and could be described by a Boltzmann temperature of 110 K for all K-doublet levels. The vibronic state distribution was also found to be cold, with 70% of the products formed in the vibrational ground state. By comparing the molecular beam results for vibronic state distributions with those obtained from recent bulb experiments, it was conjectured that there appears to be a strong correlation between rotation in the reactants and bending excitation in the products.
Anthrax Toxin as a Molecular Platform to Target Nociceptive Neurons and Modulate Pain (2020)

ABSTRACT Bacterial toxins are able to act on neurons to modulate signaling and function. Here, we find that nociceptive sensory neurons that mediate pain are enriched in the receptor for anthrax toxins, ANTXR2. Anthrax Edema Toxin (ET) induced cAMP and PKA signaling in Nav1.8 + nociceptive neurons and modulated pain in vivo . Peripherally administered ET mediated mechanical allodynia in naïve mice and during B. anthracis infection. Intrathecally administered ET produced analgesic effects, potently blocking pain-like behaviors in multiple mouse models of inflammatory and chronic neuropathic pain. Nociceptor-specific ablation of ANTXR2 attenuated ET-induced signaling and analgesia. Modified anthrax toxin successfully delivered exogenous protein cargo into nociceptive neurons, illustrating utility of the anthrax toxin system as a molecular platform to target pain. ET further induced signaling in human iPSC-derived sensory neurons. Our findings highlight novel interactions between a bacterial toxin and nociceptors that may be utilized for developing new pain therapeutics. SUMMARY ANTXR2 expression on nociceptive neurons allows selective targeting and modulation of pain by native and engineered anthrax toxins.
Effect of Somatostatin Analogs on Gastric and Pancreatic Secretion (1977)

GH-RIH and its two analogs, D-Trp-somatostatin and D-Cys-somatosta-tin have been tested for their effects on gastric and pancreatic secretion in chronic gastric and pancreatic fistula dogs. All three peptides caused similar competitive inhibition of pentagastrin-induced gastric acid and secretin-induced pancreatic bicarbonate secretions. This study indicates that GH-RIH analogs, which were shown to have a dissociated action on pituitary and endocrine pancreatic secretion, are essentially as equi-potent as GH-RIH itself on gastric and pancreatic secretions.
Supporting Data for Internal Structure of Methylcellulose Fibrils (2014)

Data files used to generate all figures in the manuscript "Internal Structure of Methylcellulose Fibrils" and its supplementary information.
Oral Poster 8: Repair of Discrete Site-Specific Defects in The Denonvillierʼs Fascia Carries Higher Anatomic Recurrence Rates Than Standard Posterior Colporrhaphy (2004)

Oral Poster Presentations: AUGS-SGS Abstracts: 2004 Joint Scientific Meeting The American Urogynecologic Society and The Society of Gynecologic Surgeons
Supplementary Table 2 from A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Glucose Transporter 1 Downregulates Glycolysis, Induces Cell-Cycle Arrest, and Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 129KB, Blood analysis of WZB117-treated tumor-bearing mice.&lt;/p&gt;
Non-Peptide, Silicatein α Inspired Silica Condensation Catalyst (2004)

A major challenge faced by ceramic chemists today is the pro-duction of fully polymerized silica by low temperature (&amp;lt; 50°C) solution routes.1 Current methods involve high temperature, extreme pH, or both.2 Biological systems, however, have the ability to produce silica
Polysialic acid regulates the clustering, migration, and neuronal differentiation of progenitor cells in the adult hippocampus (2008)

Newborn cells of the adult dentate gyrus in the hippocampus are characterized by their abundant expression of polysialic acid (PSA), a carbohydrate attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). PSA+ newborn cells of the dentate gyrus form clusters with proliferating neural progenitor cells, migrate away from these clusters, and terminally differentiate. To identify the roles of PSA in the development of adult progenitors of the dentate gyrus, we injected endoneuraminidase N (endoN) into the hippocampus of adult rats to specifically cleave PSA from NCAM. Two days later, we administered the mitotic marker, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Three days after BrdU injection, BrdU+ cells were found inside and outside the clusters of newborn cells. In endoN-treated animals, the total number of BrdU+ cells was not changed but significantly more BrdU+ cells were present within clusters, suggesting that PSA normally facilitates the migration of progenitors away from the clusters. Seven days post-BrdU injection, endoN-treated animals had significantly more BrdU+ cells which were also positive for the mature neuronal nuclear marker NeuN compared with controls, indicating that the loss of PSA from progenitor cells increases neuronal differentiation. This report is the first demonstration that PSA is involved in controlling the spatio-temporal neuronal maturation of adult hippocampal progenitors in the normal brain. In vitro, the removal of PSA from adult-derived neural progenitors significantly enhanced neuronal differentiation, strengthening our in vivo findings and indicating that PSA removal on isolated progenitor cells, apart from a complex in vivo environment, induces neuronal maturation.
Validation of a Geometry-Based Statistical mmWave Channel Model Using Ray-Tracing Simulation (2015)

Next-generation wireless communications systems are expected to exploit frequency bands above 6 GHz. An important transition towards such bands will be design of channel models capable of supporting the design of efficient air-interface and networks. In this paper, we describe a geometry-based statistical channel model and apply ray-tracing simulation for its validation. Focusing on path loss and root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread as metrics, we show that the proposed modeling approach is flexible and realistic.
Demographic and Clinical Predictors of Hospitalization in Preschoolers With ADHD (2018)

<b>Objective:</b> This chart review study characterized demographic and clinical indicators of the need for hospitalization in preschoolers with ADHD. <b>Method:</b> Medical records of preschoolers with <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i> (4th ed., text rev.; <i>DSM-IV-TR</i>) ADHD during 2009-2012 were systematically reviewed. The cohort included 111 children (aged 5.13 ± 0.55 years, 77.47% boys). The demographic and clinical variables of hospitalized at a day-care unit (<i>n</i> = 30) and nonhospitalized (<i>n</i> = 81) preschoolers were compared. <b>Results:</b> Hospitalized preschoolers were younger (<i>p</i> < .0001), had higher rates of unmarried mothers (<i>p</i> < .001), and a higher number of comorbidities. The number of inattentive/hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms was similar in both groups. Neurodevelopmental comorbidity (<i>p</i> < .0001), but not externalized (<i>p</i> = .82) or internalized (<i>p</i> = .20) psychopathology, was significantly higher in the hospitalized group. <b>Conclusion:</b> ADHD severity in preschoolers tends to be associated with younger age, specific parenthood constellations, and a high rate of neurodevelopmental, but not other, comorbidities. These findings emphasize the importance of the neurodevelopmental context in planning ADHD interventions at preschool age.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Bicyclic γ‐Lactam Dipeptide Analogue. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of the CKM angle γ using B ± → DK ± with D → K S 0 π + π −, K S 0 K + K − decays (2014)

A binned Dalitz plot analysis of B DK decays, with D K 0 S + - and D K 0 S K + K -, is performed to measure the CP -violating observables x and y , which are sensitive to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle . The analysis exploits a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment. Measurements from CLEO-c of the variation of the strong-interaction phase of the D decay over the Dalitz plot are used as inputs. The values of the parameters are found to be x + = (-7.7 2.4 1.0 0.4) 10 -2 , x -= (2.5 2.5 1.0 0.5) 10 -2 , y + = (-2.2 2.5 0.4 1.0) 10 -2 , and y -= (7.5 2.9 0.5 1.4) 10 -2 . The first, second, and third uncertainties are the statistical, the experimental systematic, and that associated with the precision of the strong-phase parameters. These are the most precise measurements of these observables and correspond to = (62 +15 -14 ) , with a second solution at + 180 , and r B = 0.080 +0.019 -0.021 , where r B is the ratio between the suppressed and favoured B decay amplitudes.
Abstract 1453: LXR-623, a novel Liver X Receptor modulator, displays neutral lipid effects in Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein-expressing species and inhibits atherosclerotic lesion progression in Low Density Lipoprotein receptor knockout mice (2007)

LXRα and LXRα are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the upregulation of genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a process involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Unfort...
PROSTHETIC OVERHANG MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO PREVENT SCAPULAR CONFLICT IN REVERSE TOTAL SHOULDER PROSTHESIS (2011)

Purpose: Despite good clinical results of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty inferior scapular notching remains a concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 different parameters on notching. Materials and Methods: An average shape A-P view 2-D computer model of scapula was created, using data from 200 scapulae, so that the position of the glenoid and humeral component could be changed, as well as design features such as depth of the polyethylene insert, size of glenosphere and centre of rotation. The model calculates the maximum adduction (notch angle). Results: A change in humeral neck shaft inclination from 155° to 145° resulted in a gain of 10° in notch angle. A change in cup depth from 8mm to 5mm resulted in a maximum gain of 12°. With no inferior prosthetic overhang a lateralisation of the centre of rotation from 0 to 5mm resulted in a maximum gain of 15° on notch angle. More lateralization resulted in increased gain in notch angle. With an inferior overhang of only 1 mm no effect of lateralizing the centre of rotation was calculated. Glenoid varus of 0 to 10°, without inferior overhang, results in a gain of 10° on notch angle. A change in glenosphere radius from 18 to 21mm resulted in no gain of notch angle without prosthetic overhang. A prosthetic overhang to the bone from 0 to 5mm results in a maximum gain on notch angle of 39°. Conclusion: To prevent an inferior scapular conflict in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty the change in neck-shaft angle or depth of the polyethylene insert had a modest gain in notch angle. The effect of lateralization of the centre of rotation and putting the glenosphere in more varus was completely eliminated by adding a small inferior overhang. The main effect of increasing the size of the glenosphere was if it created a prosthetic overhang. Of all 6 tested parameters the prosthetic overhang resulted in the biggest gain in notch angle and this should be considered when designing the reverse arthroplasty and defining optimal surgical technique.
Plantar Fasciitis and Fascial Rupture: MR Imaging Findings in 26 Patients Supplemented with Anatomic Data in Cadavers (2000)

Understanding of the normal anatomy of the plantar aponeurosis (PA) and familiarity with pathologic conditions are required for an accurate evaluation of the patient with subcalcaneal heel pain. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the assessment of the PA with close anatomic correlation. Herein, we describe the MR imaging features of plantar fasciitis and fascial rupture in 26 patients. High-spatial-resolution MR imaging was performed in four cadaveric feet, and a prescribed imaging plane was used for depiction of the peroneal component of the PA. MR imaging delineated the anatomy of the PA and perifascial soft tissues. The peroneal component was best visualized in prescribed sagittal oblique images. Perifascial edema was the most common finding of plantar fasciitis, and it was remarkable in those cases with acute fascial rupture. MR imaging reliably delineated the anatomy of the PA and may allow precise localization and definition of the extent of involvement in disease processes.