gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
F2‐02‐03: 18F‐AV‐133 VMAT2 Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Dementia With Lewy Bodies from Alzheimer's Disease (2010)

Positron emission tomography (PET) provides a non-invasive means to evaluate the functional integrity of the presynaptic monoaminergic system in the living human brain. The novel 18F-labeled tetrabenazine derivative, [18F]AV-133, was used for the noninvasive assessment of the vesicular monoamine transporters type 2 (VMAT2) in 10 patients with dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB, aged 68±8 yrs), 7 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, aged 68±7 yrs), 20 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD, aged 67±9 yrs), and 10 healthy age matched control subjects (HC, aged 70±14 yrs). Standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) at 90-110 min post injection were calculated using the primary visual cortex as the reference region. VMAT2 SUVR were significantly decreased by 61% and 44% in the posterior putamen, 53% and 38% in the anterior putamen, and 37% and 30% in the caudate nucleus of PD and DLB patients, respectively. While VMAT2 reductions in DLB patients were less pronounced than in PD, the difference was not significant. In contrast to PD and DLB, no significant reductions in VMAT2 were observed in AD patients. Significant reductions in VMAT2 were observed in DLB when compared to AD in the anterior (2.17±0.3 vs. 3.63±0.4, P=0.02, effect size = 4.1) and posterior putamen (1.87±0.3 vs. 3.50±0.4, P=0.005, effect size = 4.6). Studies with the novel 18F-labeled ligand, [18F]AV-133, allow identification of individuals with disorders characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic nigrostriatal afferents. These findings indicate that [18F]AV-133 can sensitively detect monoaminergic terminal reductions in PD and DLB patients and assist in the differentiation from Alzheimer's disease.
Pixel synchronous measurement of object shape and colour (2009)

In this paper we present an extension to high resolution multi-view fringe projection systems, as introduced in [1], in order to add pixel synchronous colour information to 3D point clouds. Our approach allows the use of a separate colour camera without the drawback of having to rely on complex image-tosurface mapping algorithms. The advantage of the new method is that no loss of spatial measurement information occurs. Additionally, colour measurement is not limited like in previous coloured structured lighting approaches. Furthermore this paper covers the task of seamless fusion of coloured multi-view 3D point clouds. Due to differences in lighting and viewing direction in each single object view a simple data fusion causes visual artefacts and seams in the final object illustration. Several approaches to this problem have been applied and evaluated. This includes point-bypoint lighting and viewing angle normalization via physics-based reflection models and measurement geometry aided image processing algorithms. The result of these considerations is an automatic system to create the point cloud of a 360-degree object view with each measuring point containing range and colour information.
CCK2–Gastrin Antagonist: Development of PNB-001 (4-Chloro- 5-Hydroxy-1-Phenylethyl-5-Phenyl-1, 5-Dihydro-Pyrrol-2-one) as Anti-Inflammatory Analgesic (2018)

Study aim: To prepare and evaluate CCK gastrin antagonists from readily available materials such as furfural and to focus on inflammatory pain management. Methods: Receptor binding assays, isolated tissue preparations and selected animal models were applied to evaluate the lead molecule PNB-001. Results: Arylated 5-hydroxy–pyrrol-2-ones were prepared in 3 synthetic steps from furfural and subsequently optimised as CCK2 selective ligands using radiolabelled binding assays. Originally a CCK1 selective lead structure was identified and from that lead, a potent and selective CCK2 ligand (PNB-001, IC50= 22 nM) was fully SAR optimised. The antagonism was confirmed for PNB-001 by using isolated tissue preparations with CCK5. Subsequent in vivo evaluation revealed analgesic activity for the gastrin CCK2 antagonist PNB-001, in the hotplate and tail immersion test at 0.5mg /kg by IP administration in mice. PNB-001 was superior in the formalin test to the morphine standard by oral administration and in the x-maze test the anxiolytic activity was greater in magnitude than diazepam. Conclusion: The front runner PNB-001 completed preclinical development and will enter clinical phase 1.
Experimental Comparison of Single and Double Partial Receiver Apertures for Recovering Signals Transmitted using Orbital-Angular-Momentum (2014)

We compared power spreading of a partially captured orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beam by using single and double apertures. Double apertures could help reducing crosstalk from OAMl to OAMl+m by ~10 dB, where l is an integer and m is an odd number.
Identification of phage antibodies toward the Werner protein by selection on Western blots (2000)

A procedure was established for selecting phage antibodies (phage-abs) from phage-displayed antibody repertoires by panning against proteins, separated by sodium dodecyl phosphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electroblotted onto nitrocellulose membranes (Western blots). This immobilization strategy is applicable for secondary rounds of panning in selections against semipurified proteins, and directs the selection toward antibodies suitable as immunochemical reagents in Western blots. In model experiments, enrichment factors as high as 1.9x10(5) were obtained in a single round of panning. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of this approach by selection of phage-abs recognizing the human Werner protein, which is defective in a premature aging syndrome.
The effect of zero voltage switching on EMC in a power factor corrector (2002)

In general, the input current of an AC/DC electronic converter contains a considerable number of harmonics. To reduce the harmonic effects within levels allowed by a future norm, the IEC555-2, a preconditioner based on a switched mode power supply can be used. But the employment of a preconditioner or power factor corrector may cause undesirable HF-distortion and dissipation. This paper describes two preconditioners and in addition, presents measurements for the purposes of comparison of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
Open‐Circuit Voltage in Organic Solar Cells: The Impacts of Donor Semicrystallinity and Coexistence of Multiple Interfacial Charge‐Transfer Bands (2017)

In organic solar cells (OSCs), the energy of the charge‐transfer (CT) complexes at the donor–acceptor interface, E CT , determines the maximum open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ). The coexistence of phases with different degrees of order in the donor or the acceptor, as in blends of semi‐crystalline donors and fullerenes in bulk heterojunction layers, influences the distribution of CT states and the V OC enormously. Yet, the question of how structural heterogeneities alter CT states and the V OC is seldom addressed systematically. In this work, we combine experimental measurements of vacuum‐deposited rubrene/C 60 bilayer OSCs, with varying microstructure and texture, with density functional theory calculations to determine how relative molecular orientations and extents of structural order influence E CT and V OC . We find that varying the microstructure of rubrene gives rise to CT bands with varying energies. The CT band that originates from crystalline rubrene lies up to ≈0.4 eV lower in energy compared to the one that arises from amorphous rubrene. These low‐lying CT states contribute strongly to V OC losses and result mainly from hole delocalization in aggregated rubrene. This work points to the importance of realizing interfacial structural control that prevents the formation of low E CT configurations and maximizes V OC .
Heterogeneous Condensation (2007)

Vapor condensation on nanoparticle with radius smaller than the Kelvin radius is considered as fluctuation or as the heterogeneous nucleation. The expression for steady-state heterogeneous nucleation rate is obtained. Nucleation on negatively charged nanoparticles is discussed. The report was made at 17th International Nucleation and Atmospheric Conferences, Galway, Ireland, 2007.
Extracellular vesicle analysis of plasma allows differential diagnosis of atypical pancreatic serous cystadenoma (2023)

Increased use of cross-sectional imaging has resulted in frequent detection of incidental cystic pancreatic lesions. Serous cystadenomas (SCAs) are benign cysts that do not require surgical intervention unless symptomatic. Unfortunately, up to half of SCAs do not have typical imaging findings ("atypical SCAs"), overlap with potentially malignant precursor lesions, and thus pose a diagnostic challenge. We tested whether the analysis of circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers using a digital EV screening technology (DEST) could enhance the discrimination of cystic pancreatic lesions and avoid unnecessary surgical intervention in these atypical SCAs. Analysis of 25 different protein biomarkers in plasma EV from 68 patients identified a putative biomarker signature of Das-1, Vimentin, Chromogranin A, and CAIX with high discriminatory power (AUC of 0.99). Analysis of plasma EV for multiplexed markers may thus be helpful in clinical decision-making.
Using Eosinophil Biomarkers From Rectal Epithelial Samples to Diagnose Food Protein‐induced Proctocolitis (2020)

EDN concentrations measured from rectal swab and rectal biopsy samples is elevated and may be a useful tool to screen for FPIP in children.
MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site. (1988)

The S1 subunit of Pertussis toxin (PT) is responsible for the reactogenicity and in part the immunogenicity of Bordetella pertussis vaccine. The critical residues associated with the immunomodulatory effects of PT were located around Glu140 in the S1 subunit. In man, T cell responses to PT are directed at S1 peptides distinct from Glu140. Two such epitopes, p64-75 and p151-161, are immunogenic in a panel of individuals covering a wide range of HLA genotypes. The response to PT peptides is HLA class II restricted. The response to p64-75 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DQ mAb, while that to p151-161 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DR mAb. These findings may allow for the development of a B. pertussis vaccine free from reactogenicity.
Appendix C: Process State Transition Logic Used by the Original FALCONEER KBS (2012)

This appendix contains sections titled: Introduction Possible Process Operating States Significance of Process State Identification and Transition Detection Methodology for Determining Process State Identification Process State Identification and Transition Logic Pseudocode Summary
Correlating Nitrogen Accumulation With Temporal Fuel Cell Performance (2010)

The permeability or crossover characteristics of a typical perfluorosulfonic acid base type membrane are used for the temporal and spatial estimations of nitrogen concentration along the anode channels of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack. The predicted nitrogen accumulation is then used to estimate the impact of local fuel starvation on stack voltage through the notion of apparent current density. Despite the simplifying assumptions on the water accumulation and membrane hydration levels, the calibrated model predicts reasonably well the response of a 20-cell stack with a dead-ended anode. Specifically, the predicted voltage decay and the estimated gas composition at the anode outlet are experimentally validated using the stack-averaged voltage and a mass spectrometer. This work shows that the crossover of nitrogen and its accumulation in the anode can cause a considerable decay in stack voltage and should be taken into account under high hydrogen utilization conditions.
Generating Chimeric Antigen Receptors Utilizing Novel Anti-CD3 Nanobeads (2014)

Abstract The processes of ex vivo transduction of T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and of CAR+ T cell expansion influence the phenotype, function and ultimate fate of the final CAR+T cell product infused into patients. CAR constructs, despite expression of endogenous activation signals, require exogenous T cell activation during CAR transduction to allow optimal lenti-viral or retroviral-mediated integration of the CAR gene of interest into T cells. Clinical CAR therapy trials utilize anti-CD3 antibody-mediated activation or combined CD3 and CD28 stimulation using CD3, CD28 specific magnetic beads. We introduce novel magnetic nanoparticle beads generated from iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to streptavidin and bound to biotinylated T cell activating antibodies for the purpose of CAR transduction. The small size of these nanobeads confers the advantage of decreased steric hindrance and enhanced capability of bead surface antibodies to access T cell surface antigen for binding and stimulation. We achieve efficient CAR transduction using anti-CD3 nanobead-mediated T cell stimulation and demonstrate CD19 specific CAR-mediated cytotoxicity of CD19+ tumor using an annexin V and 7AAD cytotoxicity assay. Evaluation of T cell phenotype following anti-CD3 nanobead-mediated T cell activation demonstrates preferential activation of naïve T cells as compared to central and effector memory cells. Addition of anti-CD28 costimulation is not necessary to achieving or inhibiting this preferential naïve T cell activation. Naïve T cells exhibit greater replicative capacity and anti-tumor function as compared to both effector and central memory T cells for adoptive transfer. We anticipate that preferential generation of naïve T cell derived CAR+ T cells achieved by introducing anti-CD3 nanobead stimulation can further improve the outcomes of clinical trials using CAR therapy. Disclosures Fu: NVIGEN Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents &amp; Royalties.
The Metabolic Syndrome Is Frequent in Klinefelter’s Syndrome and Is Associated With Abdominal Obesity and Hypogonadism (2006)

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was greatly increased, whereas insulin sensitivity was decreased in Klinefelter's syndrome. Both correlated with truncal obesity. Hypogonadism in Klinefelter's syndrome may cause an unfavorable change in body composition, primarily through increased truncal fat and decreased muscle mass. Testosterone treatment in Klinefelter's syndrome only partly corrected the unfavorable changes observed in untreated Klinefelter's syndrome, perhaps due to insufficient testosterone doses.
Amorphous Li–V–Si–O Thin Films as High-Voltage Negative Electrode Materials for Thin-Film Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries (2006)

A new kind of high-voltage negative electrode material for thin-film rechargeable lithium-ion batteries was prepared through electrochemically reductive decomposition of an amorphous Li–V–Si–O thin solid electrolyte film. The thin solid electrolyte film was prepared by pulsed laser deposition, showing in ionic conductivity with negligible electronic conductivity. Electrochemical lithium insertion into the thin solid electrolyte film was observed at ca. (vs ), which was the potential window of the reduction side for the film electrolyte. When the lithium insertion∕extraction reaction was repeated over the reductive-side potential window (1.0–4.0 vs ) at low current density, the charge∕discharge capacity gradually increased with the repetition of the reaction. Consequently, large charge∕discharge capacity was achieved under quasi-open-circuit voltage conditions between 1.2 and (vs ). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the redox reaction of vanadium ions in the film compensated the electrical charge balance for the lithium insertion∕extraction reaction of the film electrolyte. The apparent lithium diffusion coefficient of the film was .
Calorimetric study on the formation of polymer complexes through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding (1978)

Abstract Polymer complexes were formed through electrostatic interaction in poly(methacrylic acid)‐integral type polycation systems and hydrogen bonding in the poly(methacrylic acid)‐poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) system in several solvents. The composition of the polyelectrolyte complex was affected by the chemical properties of solvents, e.g., the dissociation of the component polyelectrolyte was interferred with decreasing the polarity of the solvent. The heats of mixing in case of the combination of poly(methacrylic acid)‐poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) were negative in N,N ‐dimethylformamide but they were positive in water. In polyelectrolyte complex systems, they could not be measured by reason of some experimental difficulties. These results indicate that solvation of the component polymers is very important to clarify the mechanism of the formation of polymer complexes.
Measurement of jet charge in dijet events froms=8  TeVppcollisions with the ATLAS detector (2016)

The momentum-weighted sum of the charges of tracks associated to a jet is sensitive to the charge of the initiating quark or gluon. This paper presents a measurement of the distribution of momentum-weighted sums, called jet charge, in dijet events using $20.3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data recorded with the ATLAS detector at $\sqrt{s}=8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ in $pp$ collisions at the LHC. The jet charge distribution is unfolded to remove distortions from detector effects and the resulting particle-level distribution is compared with several models. The ${p}_{T}$ dependence of the jet charge distribution average and standard deviation are compared to predictions obtained with several leading-order and next-to-leading-order parton distribution functions. The data are also compared to different Monte Carlo simulations of QCD dijet production using various settings of the free parameters within these models. The chosen value of the strong coupling constant used to calculate gluon radiation is found to have a significant impact on the predicted jet charge. There is evidence for a ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence of the jet charge distribution for a given jet flavor. In agreement with perturbative QCD predictions, the data show that the average jet charge of quark-initiated jets decreases in magnitude as the energy of the jet increases.
P‐52: Morphological and Electrical Difference in C‐axis Aligned Crystalline IGZO Films Based on the Sputtering Method (2016)

We investigated In‐Ga‐Zn oxide films deposited by two types of sputtering methods: planar magnetron and facing‐target. In crystallinity, we found that silicon diffused from SiO x prevents crystallization regardless of the sputtering method. In electrical property, we found that mobility of films deposited by facing‐target sputtering less depends on carrier concentration.
Ionization Energy (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
GSNOR Deficiency Enhances In Situ Skeletal Muscle Strength, Fatigue Resistance, and RyR1 S-Nitrosylation Without Impacting Mitochondrial Content and Activity (2016)

GSNOR may play important roles in skeletal muscle contractility, RyR1 S-nitrosylation, fiber type specification, and sGC activity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 165-181.
Synthesis of 1,2-Diheteroatom-Substituted Alkenes via Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydrogen Transfer (2003)

While 1,2-diheteroatom-substituted alkenes represent useful synthetic building blocks, there are no simple, general procedures available for preparation of such compounds. We describe here a simple catalytic procedure based on rhodium C-H bond activation for the synthesis of diheteroatom alkenes of the type R(3)SiOCH=CHG (G = -OR, -NRR').
Multimode operation of antenna integrated microwave quantumwell‐diode oscillator (1994)

Abstract Theoretical and experimental results for QW‐diode oscillators integrated with a rectangular microstrip antenna, forming an active antenna, are reported. Multimode operation is demonstrated for the active antenna, with an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 0.73 mW for the antenna TM 01 mode, at 810 MHz. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
A Java/CORBA virtual machine architecture for remote execution of optimization solvers in heterogeneous networks (2001)

Virtual machines for remote execution are a useful tool for utilizing light user interfaces and intensive application cores in different physical machines connected through the Internet. In a virtual machine, application cores are distributed in a network. Specific locations, operating systems and hardware characteristics are hidden by virtual machines. They make it possible to use a PC to execute user interfaces and (a few) high-performance computers for application cores. We present a Java/CORBA-based brokerage platform that allows remote execution of optimization solvers from a client running on any platform. The system offers a dynamic library of available problem solvers, and a graphic interface to browse several defined properties and metadata on available solvers. In addition, an embedded file compression module to reduce data transfer time is included as a plug-in feature of the proposed virtual machine. Analogous systems could be constructed for applications in which interaction traffic time is much lower than execution time. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmacophore‐Based Discovery of 3,4‐Disubstituted Pyrrolidines as a Novel Class of Monoamine Transporter Inhibitors. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CCDC 977279: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2014)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
A retrospective study for investigating the outcomes of endometrial cancer treated with radiotherapy (2021)

Patients treated with radiotherapy had a significantly poorer prognosis and the appropriate indication of radiotherapy for endometrial cancer requires further study.