gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural optimization of modular high-rise buildings (2020)

&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The demand for high-rise building has been increasing over the past decades which has induced new developments such as modular construction. Modular construction has advantages in terms increased speed, safer construction and less construction waste. Applying modular construction in high-rise however brings about great complexities for the structural design of the building. Therefore, a design aid is created which generates a structural model from any arbitrary shape and uses structural optimization techniques to explore a range of designs for the early design stage. Existing optimization techniques have been studied, including Cross-Section (CS-) optimization (size) and BESO (topology). CS-optimization adapts the size of each member, considering utilization and displacement conditions whereas BESO removes or adds elements from the model based on stress level and Target Ratio (TR). Performing the methods successively further decreases the structural weight at certain TR. Generally, weight increases as more elements are removed. By developing the two-way coupled ESO&amp;lt;&amp;gt;CS-optimization method, elements are removed by lowest strain energy density, while the cross-sections of the remaining members are updated in each iteration, thus coupling ESO (topology) and CS-optimization (size). This results in a logical load path and additional weight reduction especially in the braced frame structures loaded by lateral loads when displacement is governing. In multiple load case design, the removal of elements is somewhat hard to interpret, however the method consistently results in the lowest structural weight for the considered cases. In order to create a modular structural design, boundary conditions are assumed by standardizing column and beam dimensions and considering multiple realistic load cases (wind+vertical load). By transforming arbitrary shapes into structural models and optimizing these, a range of solutions for the structural design is presented in which the number of elements and the structural weight are generally negatively related. For the considered rectangular buildings, the results are more efficient than core or outrigger structures and almost as efficient as mega frame structures, with the added benefit that it can be applied to any shape. Exploration of these solutions is a useful contribution to the early design stage of modular high-rise buildings, while the coupled ESO&amp;lt;&amp;gt;CS-optimization method could also be useful in other optimization problems. &lt;/p&gt;
RF performance of CPW transmission line fabricated with inkjet printing technology (2008)

While inkjet printing technology shows a great potential for fabricating RF microwave circuitry and interconnects, the additional work is needed. Here we have studied the copper metal nanoparticle ink as a metal for printing coplanar waveguides transmission lines on BT substrates. Although the RF efficiency of the printed CPW lines exhibits an overall some lower characteristics than that of the CCL CPW lines, the improvements in printing techniques and the surface preparation will provide for lower conductor losses and then the printed line will be almost a match for CCL in RF performance. We confirm that the inkjet printing shows a very promising future for ultra-low-cost printing of passive microwave circuitry and interconnects. Low cost RF MEMS and CNT sensor device are also envisioned in the future of inkjet printing.
Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a monoclonal antibody toCryptococcus neoformanscapsular polysaccharide antigen in a rat model of cryptococcal meningitis: implications for passive immunotherapy (1997)

Several investigators have developed monoclonal antibodies against the capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans which have potential therapeutic applications. Using a rat model of C. neoformans meningitis, we studied the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of a murine anticryptococcal capsular monoclonal antibody (mAb 2H1) after intravenous and intracisternal administration. After intravenous administration of 125I-labelled 2H1 to infected rats, there was no detectable localization of 125I in the brain or cerebrospinal fluid by either gamma-camera imaging of the whole animal or organ scintillation counting. In contrast, direct intracisternal instillation of 2H1 to infected rats resulted in persistent intracranial activity. In addition, the whole body half-life of intravenously administered radio labelled mAb 2H1 was significantly reduced in infected rats compared with uninfected rats. Our observations suggest that if high central nervous system (CNS) levels of mAb are needed to achieve a therapeutic effect in human C. neoformans meningoencephalitis, direct administration of mAb into the cerebrospinal fluid or modification of the mAb to increase penetration into the CNS may be required. Furthermore, higher or more frequent dosing of mAb may be required to maintain therapeutic levels in the presence of infection. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the rat as an experimental system for studying issues related to cryptococcosis.
Remote vibration sensing through opaque media using permanent magnets (2023)

A method of sensing vibrations or displacements remotely is provided. Magnets are attached to vibrating objects or the vibrating objects themselves are magnetic. A number of magnetic sensors are placed a specified distance from the magnets. Vibrational displacement of the vibrating objects is determined according to a model that maps changes in magnetic field to vibrations or spatial displacements.
In Vitro Immune Responses to Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Sand preS2 during Acute Infection by Hepatitis B Virus in Humans (1990)

This study evaluated the in vitro immune responses to different components of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) over the course of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Early in the convalescent phase of infection, while HBsAg was present in the serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with preS2 peptide or hepatitis B surface protein. Specific IgG directed to different components of HBsAg was produced without a polyclonal increase in total IgG production. Stimulation with preS2 peptide produced IgG to the preS2 peptide (anti-preS2) and to the S antigen (anti-HBs). Hepatitis B surface protein stimulation produced anti-HBs but not anti-preS2. After this initial reactive phase, the PBMCs did not produce specific antibody when stimulated with either component of HBsAg; this effect lasted greater than 1 year. At some time 1-2 years after acute infection, the pattern of in vitro S antigen- and preS2 antigen-stimulated anti-HBs response reemerged in the PBMCs. Reemergence of sustained preS2 peptide-stimulated anti-preS2 response was not observed.
Continuous and Quantitative Delivery of Molecules into Individual Cells with a Diffusional Microburet (2008)

Direct delivery of molecules into the cytosol of live cells is required in many areas of biology and clinical research. Molecules of interest include indicator dyes, biomolecules, and pharmacological agents. In this work we describe continuous delivery of molecules into single cells using a diffusional microburet, DMB. The DMB is a pulled glass micropipette with a fine tip that contains a microscopic plug made of a hydrogel such as agar or polyacrylamide. This plug prevents flow but allows diffusive delivery of the molecule of interest from the DMB body into the cytosol, driven by its concentration gradient. This leads to a scheme of sustained intracellular dosing that is highly reproducible and quantifiable yet does not require the addition of solution volume to the cell. Potential loss of biomolecules from the cytosol through the plug of the DMB can be greatly reduced by proper choice of the pore size and tortuosity of the hydrogel in the DMB tip. The intracellular concentration of fluorescent molecules during delivery can be obtained calibration free. In this work we demonstrate dosing of Lucifer Yellow CH, LY, a charged fluorescent dye, into individual a7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells with a DMB. New types of quantitative analytical experiments on single live cells that the DMB technology enables are titration of intracellular ions and ligands, binding sites, and efflux pathways such as those that are involved in drug resistance.
Newest developments and recent trends in sensors and actuators &#x2014; A survey (2013)

Papers dealing with sensors or actuators published in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics (TIE) and IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics (TII) during the year of 2011-2013 have been surveyed in this paper. The papers are roughly categorized according to their subjects.
CO2-Laser – The ultimate laser power (2005)

Since the introduction of laser cutting technology for sheet metal at the end of the 1970s, CO2 lasers have developed into the most successful high-powered beam sources. Laser cutting of steel requires 1 kW of laser power, which was a considerable challenge back then. Today, 6 kW is state-of-the-art; CO2 lasers with up to 20 kW are available for laser welding and for other applications that require high power. Although the fundamentals of the CO2 laser concepts have remained unchanged for nearly two decades, today's beam sources have technically very little in common with the first generation of lasers.
Nonlinear Electrical Properties of Grain Boundaries in Oxygen Ion Conductors (2005)

We report on numerical simulations of the grain-boundary varistor behavior recently observed in -doped of high purity. The aim of this study is to disclose the nature of the nonlinear electrical properties of the grain boundaries in oxygen ion conductors. Under small voltages , the simulation shows a linear current-voltage relation dominated by the grain-boundary resistance. Under intermediate voltages , the simulation discloses a grain-boundary resistance breakdown and a nonlinear current-voltage relation. The increase of ionic charge carriers in the grain-boundary space-charge layer is the cause for the nonlinear behavior. Calculations are compared to experimental results.
Coordinated and adaptive power gating and dynamic voltage scaling for energy minimization (2014)

Customization and adaptation have emerged as the most effective paradigms for energy minimization. We employ these paradigms to address coordinated power gating and dynamic voltage scaling for energy minimization of real-time tasks in both application-specific and programmable systems. For a given hardware platform, the first task in adaptation is to determine which hardware allocations and supply voltages should be used to execute a given set of tasks. In the case where tasks induce constant capacitance and are of sufficient length to render power gating and voltage scaling overheads negligible, we obtain the provably optimal solution using a combination of convex enclosure and convex optimization. Our next goal is to relax these two assumptions to consider overheads and non-uniformity in capacitance by subdividing each task into multiple subtasks at a fine granularity. In this case, we use another dynamic programming formulation to find a solution which is optimal in most practical cases. We have also developed a dynamic programming-based approach to minimize overheads of configuration switching.
Analysis of gene expression dynamics revealed delayed and abnormal epidermal repair process in aged compared to young skin (2015)

With aging, epidermal homeostasis and barrier function are disrupted. In a previous study, we analyzed the transcriptomic response of young skin epidermis after stratum corneum removal, and obtained a global kinetic view of the molecular processes involved in barrier function recovery. In the present study, the same analysis was performed in aged skin in order to better understand the defects which occur with aging. Thirty healthy male volunteers (67 ± 4 years old) were involved. Tape-strippings were carried out on the inner face of one forearm, the other unstripped forearm serving as control. At 2, 6, 18, 30 and 72 h after stripping, TEWL measurements were taken, and epidermis samples were collected. Total RNA was extracted and analyzed using DermArray(®) cDNA microarrays. The results highlighted that barrier function recovery and overall kinetics of gene expression were delayed following stripping in aged skin. Indeed, the TEWL measurements showed that barrier recovery in the young group appeared to be dramatically significant during the overall kinetics, while there were no significant evolution in the aged group until 30 h. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed that the number of modulated genes following tape stripping increased as a function of time and reached a peak at 6 h after tape stripping in young skin, while it was at 30 h in aged skin, showing that cellular activity linked to the repair process may be engaged earlier in young epidermis than in aged epidermis. A total of 370 genes were modulated in the young group. In the aged group, 382 genes were modulated, whose 184 were also modulated in the young group. Only eight genes that were modulated in both groups were significantly differently modulated. The characterization of these genes into 15 functional families helped to draw a scenario for the aging process affecting epidermal repair capacity.
Performance of a beamsteering algorithm designed for adaptive base station antennas in FH-GSM (2002)

The paper shows the performance a of beamsteering algorithm designed for adaptive base station antennas in FH-GSM. The results are based on network simulations using stored space-time multipath radio channel data from Aarhus and Stockholm.
Software techniques for avoiding hardware virtualization exits (2012)

On modern processors, hardware-assisted virtualization outperforms binary translation for most workloads. But hardware virtualization has a potential problem: virtualization exits are expensive. While hardware virtualization executes guest instructions at native speed, guest/VMM transitions can sap performance. Hardware designers attacked this problem both by reducing guest/VMM transition costs and by adding architectural extensions such as nested paging support to avoid exits. This paper proposes complementary software techniques for reducing the exit frequency. In the simplest form, our VMM inspects guest code dynamically to detect back-to-back pairs of instructions that both exit. By handling a pair of instructions when the first one exits, we save 50 % of the transition costs. Then, we generalize from pairs to clusters of instructions that may include loops and other control flow. We use a binary translator to generate, and cache, custom translations for handling exits. The analysis cost is paid once, when the translation is generated, but amortized over all future executions. Our techniques have been fully implemented and validated in recent versions of VMware products. We show that clusters consistently reduce the number of exits for all examined workloads. When execution is dominated by exit costs, this translates into measurable runtime improvements. Most importantly, clusters enable substantial gains for nested virtual machines, delivering speedups as high as 1.52x. Intuitively, this result stems from the fact that transitions between the inner guest and VMM are extremely costly, as they are implemented in software by the outer VMM. 1
A CMOS programmable silicon retina implementing vision algorithms (2005)

A programmable silicon retina is presented targeting the use of efficient analog computation for early vision. The decoding and programmability methods employed lead to a dynamic and wide range of vision operations including edge enhancement, edge detection and averaging. A prototype chip implementing a 15/spl times/15 matrix of photo-receptors was fabricated in a double poly double metal N-well 2 /spl mu/m process.
Evaluation of head impact exposure measured from youth football game plays (2019)

The results demonstrate a trend toward higher head impact magnitudes on special teams than for running and passing plays, but a greater number of impacts were measured during running plays. Deep kicks were most common on special teams, and many returned and nonreturned kicks resulted in athletes diving toward the ball. These results support policy changes to youth special teams plays, including modifying the yard line the ball is kicked from and coaching proper return technique. Further investigation into biomechanical exposure measured during game impact scenarios is needed to inform policy relevant to the youth level.
High power Er-Yb linear optical fibre amplifierfor CATV applicationswith gain tilt window over 11 nm and integrated dispersion pre-compensation (1996)

An Er-Yb fibre amplifier has been constructed with dispersion compensation and gain tilt correction. Gain tilt has been minimised within 0.2 dB/nm for the spectral width of 11 nm and input power range of 0–4 dBm. A noise figure of 5 dB and output power of 21 dBm has been obtained for this operating range. Tests using a 77 channel NTSC signal show its compatibility to CATV applications.
A Novel One-Pot Method for the Preparation of Pyrazoles by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Diazo Compounds Generated in Situ (2003)

A convenient one-pot procedure for the preparation of pyrazoles by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazo compounds generated in situ has been developed. Diazo compounds derived from aldehydes were reacted with terminal alkynes to furnish regioselectively 3,5-disubstituted pyrazoles. Furthermore, the reaction of N-vinylimidazole and diazo compounds derived from aldehydes gave exclusively 3-substituted pyrazoles in a one-pot process.
Variations on the oxidative induction testing methodology for polymer analysis (1997)

Abstract We have modified the ASTM method on oxidative induction testing (D‐3895‐92) into a generalized technique with considerably expanded applications to polymer systems in addition to the polyolefins. Testing parameters we have experimented with success are: much wider temperature ranges, oxygen pressure, combination of oven aging and the differential scanning calorimeter, and both the exothermic and endothermic degradation polymer systems. In terms of non‐olefin polymer systems, we have obtained good results from flexible PVC formulations, thermoplastic polyesters, styrene based thermoplastic elastomers, among others. Insights generated from these tests can be used to optimize polymer selection, formulation and processing conditions.
The impact of morphological stemming on Arabic mention detection and coreference resolution (2005)

Arabic presents an interesting challenge to natural language processing, being a highly inflected and agglutinative language. In particular, this paper presents an in-depth investigation of the entity detection and recognition (EDR) task for Arabic. We start by highlighting why segmentation is a necessary prerequisite for EDR, continue by presenting a finite-state statistical segmenter, and then examine how the resulting segments can be better included into a mention detection system and an entity recognition system; both systems are statistical, build around the maximum entropy principle. Experiments on a clearly stated partition of the ACE 2004 data show that stem-based features can significantly improve the performance of the EDT system by 2 absolute F-measure points. The system presented here had a competitive performance in the ACE 2004 evaluation.
Mid-Term Results after Lateral Transfibular Approach Total Ankle Arthroplasty (2022)

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Continued improvements in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) implant design have led to promising clinical outcomes. The lateral transfibular approach TAA allows for excellent visualization of the center of rotation of the ankle and allows for correction of rotational and sagittal deformity by shortening or lengthening of the fibula. Furthermore, the curved implant design allows for minimal bony resection. The purpose of this study is to report the medium-term clinical and radiographic results for consecutive patients who underwent the lateral approach TAA. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this study. Consecutive patients who underwent lateral approach TAA for tibiotalar arthritis by a single surgeon were enrolled on a prospective basis from January 2013 to June 2015. This time period represented the initial case series of TAA performed by the surgeon. Patient reported outcomes (PROs) were collected including the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), 12-item short-form survey (SF-12), and Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS). The need for subsequent procedures was recorded. Radiographs were evaluated for preoperative and postoperative alignment using the lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA), tibiotalar surface angle (TTS), anterior distal tibia angle (ADTA), and the lateral talar station (LTS). Radiographs were also evaluated for the development of peri-implant lucency and subsidence. Data was tested for normality. T-tests were used to determine differences between preoperative data and postoperative data. A p&lt;0.05 was considered significant. Results: 53 patients who underwent 59 TAA procedures were included. Average follow-up was 5.7 +/- 0.9 years. Average age was 53 +/- 7.0. Comorbidities included smoking (11/53), diabetes (6/53), and prior procedures (33/53). Sixteen ankles (27%) underwent one or more subsequent procedures including gutter debridement (7/59), debridement for periprosthetic infection (3/59), and removal of hardware (7/59). All fibular osteotomies healed. Four ankles had asymptomatic peri-implant lucency or cysts (4/59). No patients had subsidence or required revision of the tibial or talar components. Coronal and sagittal alignment were significantly improved for all measures (p&lt;0.05). VAS scores improved from a mean of 7.5 preoperatively to 1 at final follow- up (p&lt;0.0001). SF-12 physical component scores improved from 34 to 41.5 (p=0.0227). AOS scores improved from 54.8 to 19.1 (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion: At medium term follow-up, patient reported outcomes remain significantly improved in patients after lateral approach TAA. There were very few radiographic findings of lucency and cyst formation, and all of these were asymptomatic. No revision of metal implants was required. Excellent deformity correction was achieved. The rate of subsequent procedures was high, although the rate of actual component revision was 0%. Lateral approach TAA appears to have overall good outcomes at medium term follow-up.
Photoelectron spectroscopy of silicon trihydride and trideuteride anions (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoelectron spectroscopy of silicon trihydride and trideuteride anionsMark R. Nimlos and G. Barney. EllisonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 21, 6522–6529Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00281a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00281a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts