gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beamforming Transmit Diversity Using Power Control Commands for High Speed Uplink Packet Access (2011)

3GPP is investigating uplink transmit diversity alternatives for High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). This paper studies beamforming transmit diversity where the UE transmitter applies a weight vector to the transmit antennas. In contrast to the traditional beamforming where transmitter is aware of the channel state through channel state feedback, a practical scheme which relies on existing power control commands to calculate the weight vector is investigated. This approach allows autonomous determination of the weight vector by the UE. Additionally, an ideal algorithm which always selects the optimal weight vectors is presented in order to obtain upper boundary for the performance. Both algorithms are benchmarked in various conditions on system level against baseline performance without transmit diversity. The studies show that ideally open loop beamforming is capable of providing gain in simulated conditions. However, the power control command dependent realistic algorithm is able to provide gain only when the low velocity Pedestrian A 3 kmph channel is used. With more complex and higher velocity Vehicular A 30 kmph channel the realistic algorithm is not able to provide gain and reaches only baseline level performance.
When Size Is Important (1998)

The accommodation of Mg2+ in the N-terminal domain of calmodulin was followed through amide 1H and 15N chemical shifts and line widths in heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy NMR spectra. Mg2+ binds sequentially to the two Ca2+-binding loops in this domain, with affinities such that nearly half of the loops would be occupied by Mg2+ in resting eukaryotic cells. Mg2+ binding seems to occur without ligation to the residue in the 12th loop position, previously proven largely responsible for the major rearrangements induced by binding of the larger Ca2+. Consequently, smaller Mg2+-induced structural changes are indicated throughout the protein. The two Ca2+-binding loops have different Mg2+ binding characteristics. Ligands in the N-terminal loop I are better positioned for cation binding, resulting in higher affinity and slower binding kinetics compared with the C-terminal loop II (koff = 380 +/- 40 s-1 compared with approximately 10,000 s-1 at 25 degreesC). The Mg2+-saturated loop II undergoes conformational exchange on the 100-microseconds time scale. Available data suggest that this exchange occurs between a conformation providing a ligand geometry optimized for Mg2+ binding and a conformation more similar to that of the empty loop.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Synthesis of Azaheterocycles (2016)

Abstract Review: [66 refs.
Origin of the Inversion of the Acidity Order for Haloacetic Acids on Going from the Gas Phase to Solution (2000)

The change in the relative acidities of the haloacetic acids on going from the gas phase to aqueous solution has been studied via ab initio calculations for the gas phase, the SCIPCM reaction field model for an aprotic polar solvent, and Monte Carlo statistical mechanics for aqueous solution. The relative gas phase acidities of acetic acid, the haloacetic acids and trifluoroacetic acid are well reproduced at the B3P86/6-311+G** and G2 levels of theory. The reaction field model reduced the relative acidities of fluoro- and bromoacetic acids to a value close to that found in aqueous solution, but it only reproduced half of the observed net effect of going from the gas phase to aqueous solution. Since the remainder of the solvent effect was probably due to hydrogen bonding, Monte Carlo calculations were carried out and they were in satisfactory accord with the aqueous solution pKa's.
Common Epitopes of Pilin of Neisseria meningitidis (1988)

We assessed distribution, immunogenicity, and accessibility of common epitopes of meningococcal pilins. When used as probes in western immunoblots, antisera to gonococcal pili; gonococcal pilin fragment CNBR-2; peptide sequences 41-50, 48-60, and 69-84 of gonococcal pilin; and monoclonal antibody 2-1-Fc recognized meningococcal pilins of different isolates. Meningococcal pilins could be separated into distinct groups based on reactivity with these probes. Common epitopes were conserved on meningococcal pilins isolated during laboratory passage and during infection of human nasopharyngeal organ cultures. Antibodies to common epitopes of pilin were, however, rarely detected in convalescent sera from patients with meningococcal or gonococcal bacteremia. Except for an epitope involving peptide sequence 48-60, immunoelectron microscopy indicated that common epitopes of pilin were not readily accessible on pili assembled on meningococci. Our antisera also did not block attachment of piliated meningococci to human buccal epithelial cells.
Biological response modifiers in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1992)

Before the advent of biologic therapy, clinicians had little to offer patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Based on the cytokine interleukin (IL-2, biologic therapies now exist that produce long-term clinical remissions in a few patients with a previously incurable disease. This year, results from a number of phase II clinical trials with IL-2 alone, IL-2 combined with other cytokines, chemotherapeutic drugs, or with adoptively transferred cells have been reported. In addition, an exciting new form of treatment, gene therapy, is on the horizon. The next 10 years will witness dramatic advances in the treatment of RCC.
SmartExtract: accurate capacitance extraction for SOC designs (2006)

Most capacitance extraction tools used in SOC designs use 2.5D methods and suffer from inherent limitations in accuracy. Often accuracy is traded off in lieu of runtime. In addition, every net in a design is extracted to same level of accuracy. As interconnect RC is a significant portion of circuit performance, errors in capacitance extraction directly affects the maximum attainable chip frequency. In this paper, a new methodology for accurate capacitance extraction called SmartExtract is described. Not all nets in a design need high degree of capacitance extraction accuracy. SmartExtract exploits this scenario and enables selective accuracy of extraction based on timing criteria. Application of this methodology to 90nm and 65nm DSP designs is described.
Life Cycle Inventory Analysis of Prospective Insect Based Feed Production in West Africa (2017)

While the concept of insect based feeds (IBFs) promises great potential, especially in developing countries, the sustainability performance of IBF production remains widely underexplored. Drawing on experimental data from rearing trials in West Africa, three different insect production systems were modelled ex-ante. The generic models served as a basis to analyse and compare the process performances of different IBF production systems using Musca domestica and Hermetia illucens reared on different substrates. The results show that the input efficiency in the production of IBF is largely determined by the quality of rearing substrates, the larval development time and the employed inoculation practises, i.e., the method by which eggs or larvae are added to rearing substrates. The H. illucens system ranked highest for conversion efficiency (substrate input per IBF output), but showed substantially higher inputs in labour, fossil energy and output of wastewater. M. domestica systems operated at lower conversion efficiencies, which resulted in higher outputs of residue substrates, together with higher emissions, land requirements, built infrastructure and water. By offering full disclosure of generic inventory data, this study provides data and inspiration for prospect research and development activities and offers a reference to future life cycle assessments (LCAs) on IBF.
The Gene for Human IL‐21 and Genetic Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes in the Japanese (2006)

Type 1 diabetes is under polygenic control both in humans and the NOD mouse. Recently a possible role of IL-21 in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes was demonstrated in the NOD mouse. Furthermore, the murine IL-21 gene is mapped to the Idd3 interval, making the human IL-21 gene (IL21) a functional as well as positional candidate for susceptibility. We therefore screened sequence variants of IL21 and studied the association with type 1 diabetes. Preliminary data showed no association of IL21 polymorphisms with the disease, suggesting that IL21 plays little role in susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Japanese.
Quantitative uptake studies of 131I-labeled (E)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine in herpes simplex virus-infected cells in vitro (1984)

We have synthesized a 131I-radiolabeled antiviral compound (E)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (IVdU) and shown that this agent was selectively trapped within rabbit kidney cells, infected in vitro by thymidine kinase-positive (TK+) herpes simplex virus (HSV). The uptake of 131I-labeled IVdU was specific, as it was not concentrated within either HSV (TK-) or mock-infected cells. In certain conditions, over 40% of the radiolabel was selectively trapped within HSV (TK+)-infected cells. This was a 20- to 30-fold increase over the uptake of 131I-labeled IVdU by HSV (TK-) or mock-infected cells. The uptake of 131I-labeled IVdU varied directly with (i) the dose of the virus used to infect the rabbit kidney cells; (ii) the concentration of radiolabeled IVdU added to the system; and (iii) the time of exposure of IVdU to infected cells. The ability of this agent to be trapped within HSV (TK+)-infected cells merits further evaluation in animal models as it has potential as a noninvasive, herpes-specific diagnostic test, in particular for HSV encephalitis.
Extreme Rotational Malunion of the Humerus (2001)

Hyun Bae, MD; Roger F. Widmann, MD; Robert N. Hotchkiss, MD; The Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021. E-mail address for R.F. Widmann: [email protected]. E-mail address for R.N. Hotchkiss: [email protected]
Immunology of gene therapy with adenoviral vectors in mouse skeletal muscle (1996)

Skeletal muscle is an attractive target for somatic gene transfer of both acquired and inherited disorders. Direct injection of adenoviral vectors in the skeletal muscle leads to recombinant gene expression in a large number of muscle fibers. Transgene expression has been transient in most organs and associated with substantial inflammation when experiments are performed in adult immune competent mice. In this report, we utilize a variety of in vivo and in vitro models of T and B cell function to characterize the nature of the immune response to adenoviral vectors injected into murine skeletal muscle. Cellular immunity dependent on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells contributes to the loss of recombinant gene expression and the development of localized inflammation. Antigen specific activation of T cells occurs to both viral proteins and the reporter gene beta-galactosidase. Systemic levels of neutralizing antibody to the capsid proteins of the vector are also generated. Destructive immune responses responsible for loss of transgene expression are largely directed against beta-galactosidase in that transgene expression was stable when beta-galactosidase was eliminated as a neoantigen in mice transgenic for lacZ. A strategy to prevent the cellular and humoral immunity to this therapy was developed based on transiently ablating CD4+ T cell activation at the time of vector delivery. Encouraging results were obtained when vector was administered with one of several immune modulating agents including cyclophosphamide, mAb to CD4+ cells, and mAb to CD40 ligand. These studies indicate that cellular and humoral immune responses are elicited in the context of gene therapy directed to skeletal muscle with adenoviral vectors. Transient ablation of CD4+ T cell activation prevents the effects responses of the CD8+ T and B cells.
Effect of Trench Width and Depth on Film Cooling From Cylindrical Holes Embedded in Trenches (2007)

The present study is an experimental investigation of film cooling from cylindrical holes embedded in transverse trenches. Different trench depths are considered with two trench widths. Trench holes can occur when blades are coated with thermal barrier coating (TBC) layers. The film hole performance and behavior will be different for the trench holes compared to standard cylindrical holes that are flush with the surface. The trench width and depth depends on the mask region and the thickness of the TBC layer. Detailed heat transfer coefficient and film effectiveness measurements are obtained simultaneously using a single test transient IR thermography technique. The study is performed at a single mainstream Reynolds number based on free-stream velocity and film hole diameter of 11000 at four different coolant-to-mainstream blowing ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0. The results show that film effectiveness is greatly enhanced by the trenching due to improved two dimensional nature of the film and lateral spreading. The detailed heat transfer coefficient and film effectiveness contours provide a clear understanding of the jet-mainstream interactions for different hole orientations. CFD simulation using Fluent was also performed to determine the jet mainstream interactions to better understand the surface heat transfer coefficient and film effectiveness distributions.
Photochemical switching in conductive Langmuir-Blodgett films (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical switching in conductive Langmuir-Blodgett filmsHiroaki Tachibana, Takayoshi Nakamura, Mutsuyoshi Matsumoto, Hideo Komizu, Eiichiro Manda, Hiroyuki Niino, Akira Yabe, and Yasujiro KawabataCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 8, 3080–3081Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00190a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00190a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
STIMULATED EMISSION PUMPING (SEP) OF $1_{2} BO_{u}{^{+}} - X^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}$ WITH PULSED DYE LASERS (1980)

The best treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with liver cirrhosis is liver transplantation and the best results are obtained when the tumors fulfill the Milan criteria. However, although the number of transplants is increasing, the organ deficit is growing, which lengthens time on the waiting list, increasing the risk of tumor progression of and exclusion from the list. The use of elderly donors is a valid option for patients on the transplant waiting list with HCC, reducing time on the waiting list. We report our experience with patients transplanted for HCC associated with hepatic cirrhosis using livers from donors >75 years of age. Our preliminary results supported the use of elderly suboptimal donors making it possible to give priority to these patients. All patients in the series achieved good graft function after a follow-up of 2 years with a 100% disease-free survival rate. More extensive long-term studies are needed to confirm these findings.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular (2 + 2 + 2) Cycloaddition Reactions of Alkynes and Alkenes Mediated by Cobalt: X‐Ray Crystal Structures of Two Isomeric (η5‐Cyclopentadienyl)(η4‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene)cobalt Complexes. (1988)

Abstract Treatment of the bicyclic alkenes (I) or (IX) with the alkyne (II) in the presence of the Co complex (III) produces the complex compounds (IV), (V) and (VI) or (X), (XI) and (VI), respectively.
Optimization approaches for planning small cell locations in load-coupled heterogeneous LTE networks (2013)

A key planning task in heterogeneous networks is to optimally plan small cell locations for capacity enhancement and offloading. In LTE systems, the cells' load levels are inherently coupled with each other in a non-linear manner because of mutual interference, which complicates the task. In this paper, we address the offloading aspect by optimally selecting, from a set of candidate locations, up to a given number of small cell sites in a deployed macro cell network, subject to the load-coupling relation between the cells. We prove that the problem is NP-hard and present computational optimization approaches. The first approach is a search algorithm targeting near-optimal solutions of deploying small cells. The second, complementary, approach aims at numerically constructing a tight linear approximation of load coupling, with a possibility of iterative refinement, to enable the use of mixed-integer linear programming to gauge optimality. The optimization concepts are illustrated using a representative LTE heterogeneous network scenario. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimization approaches, and enable insights into optimal offloading with respect to traffic demand and the number of small cells.
Novel prospective respiratory motion correction approach for free‐breathing coronary MR angiography using a patient‐adapted affine motion model (2003)

A novel technique is presented which enables the calibration of a 3D affine respiratory motion model to the individual motion pattern of the patient. The concept of multiple navigators and precursory navigators is introduced to address nonlinear properties and hysteresis effects of the model parameters with respect to the conventional diaphragmatic navigator. The optimal combination and weighting of the navigators is determined on the basis of a principal component analysis (PCA). Thus, based on a given navigator measurement the current motion state of the object can be predicted by means of the calibrated motion model. The 3D motion model is applied in high-resolution coronary MR angiography examinations (CMRA) to prospectively correct for respiration-induced motion. The basic feasibility of the proposed calibration procedure was shown in 16 volunteers. Furthermore, the application of the calibrated motion model for CMRA examinations of the right coronary artery (RCA) was tested in 10 volunteers. The superiority of a calibrated 3D translation model over the conventional 1D translation model with a fixed correction factor and the potential of affine prospective motion correction for CMRA are demonstrated.
Channel Idle Time Statistics Based Spectrum Accessing Strategies With CSMA Based Primary Networks (2013)

Channel statistics based secondary transmission strategy design has been studied intensively in the past. In this work, we consider the same problem but with a carrier sensing multiple access based primary networks, i.e., the primary users that would react to interference. In such primary networks, users always need to perform carrier sensing before accessing the channel. Such networks include 802.11 WLAN and 802.15 WPAN. The secondary transmission strategy design when the primary network uses carrier sensing based network access differs a lot from what has been considered in the literature. Here, we show through experiments with 802.11 networks that under secondary interference, the primary users can experience not only packet collisions but also transmission delay. Under long-term secondary interference, the primary users might even choose to transmit in another channel. This phenomenon is known as the channel capture effect. Next, with this in mind, we formulate a novel transmission strategy design problem that aims to maximize secondary transmission time with design constraints on the probability of packet collision or delay, as well as the probability that the primary user switches channel. Finally, we describe a software-defined radio device that we built to execute the designed transmission strategies on the 2.4 GHz band. The performance of both the primary and secondary users are studied. Results show that our consideration for the primary user reactions is necessary. In particular, the designed transmission strategy better protects the primary user transmission while maintaining secondary user performance.
Overview of the Range Extensions for the HEVC Standard: Tools, Profiles, and Performance (2015)

The Range Extensions (RExt) of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard have recently been approved by both ITU-T and ISO/IEC. This set of extensions targets video coding applications in areas including content acquisition, postproduction, contribution, distribution, archiving, medical imaging, still imaging, and screen content. In addition to the functionality of HEVC Version 1, RExt provide support for monochrome, 4:2:2, and 4:4:4 chroma sampling formats as well as increased sample bit depths beyond 10 bits per sample. This extended functionality includes new coding tools with a view to provide additional coding efficiency, greater flexibility, and throughput at high bit depths/rates. Improved lossless, near-lossless, and very high bit-rate coding is also a part of the RExt scope. This paper presents the technical aspects of HEVC RExt, including a discussion of RExt profiles, tools, applications, and provides experimental results for a performance comparison with previous relevant coding technology. When compared with the High 4:4:4 Predictive Profile of H.264/Advanced Video Coding (AVC), the corresponding HEVC 4:4:4 RExt profile provides up to ~25$ %, ~32%, and ~36% average bit-rate reduction at the same PSNR quality level for intra, random access, and low delay configurations, respectively.
From Alan Turing's imitation game to contemporary lifestreaming attempts (2012)

cote interne IRCAM: Rousseaux12a
Broadband omnidirectional antireflection (AR) coating based on inverse transfer design towards high efficiency photovoltaic cells (2023)

The solar spectrum reaching Earth spans from ultraviolet to infrared wavelengths with a cutoff at around 2.5 μm. About 30% of the irradiance is absorbed by the atmosphere, and the rest is absorbed by the Earth's surface. The radiance available for generating renewable energy ranges from 400 nm to 2.0 μm. Silicon and III-V materials are used for photovoltaic (PV) cells. The PV cells reflect 30% of incoming radiation and to reduce this reflection, antireflection coating (ARC) is being used. Conventional techniques such as single or stacked multi-layer ARC or micro-nanostructures ARC are used. However, they lack in providing broadband and omnidirectional transmission, which limits its conversion efficiency in today’s PV cells. We present broadband ARC achieved with an inverse transfer design, a prospect towards significantly high conversion efficiency PV cells. The ARC exhibit significantly increased transmission more than 96% over the solar spectrum ranges up to 2.5 μm, even with wide angles of incidence from ~ 0° to &gt;70°. This transmission over the same angles of incidence, is significantly higher than that of ARC based on quarter-wavelength optical thickness (QWOT), a state-of-art ARC. The results also rival the transmission performance of state-of-the-art nanostructure-based ARC even at large angles of incidence, but are significantly easier to fabricate using standard e-beam evaporation and/or sputtering. The results show over broadband spectrum ranges, radiation back due to reflection makes to zero, leading to significantly increased conversion efficiency of the PV cells.