gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel calcium fluorinated alkoxyaluminate salt as a next step towards Ca metal anode rechargeable batteries (2023)

Ca metal anode rechargeable batteries are seen as a sustainable high-energy density and high-voltage alternative to the current Li-ion battery technology due to the low redox potential of Ca metal and abundance of Ca. Electrolytes are key enablers on the path towards next-generation battery systems. Within this work, we synthesize a new calcium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy) aluminate salt, Ca[Al(hfip)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>2</sub>, and benchmark it <i>versus</i> the state-of-the-art boron analogue Ca[B(hfip)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>2</sub>. The newly developed aluminate-based electrolyte exhibits improved performance in terms of conductivity, Ca plating/stripping efficiency, and oxidative stability as well as Ca battery cell performance. A marked improvement of 0.5 V higher oxidative stability can pave the path towards high-voltage Ca batteries. A critical issue of solvent quality during salt synthesis is identified as well as solvent decomposition at the Ca metal/electrolyte interface, which leads to passivation of the Ca metal anode. However, the new aluminate salt with preferable electrochemical properties over the existing boron analogue opens up a new area for future Ca battery research based on aluminium compounds.
Reprogramming the antigen specificity of B cells using genomeediting technologies (2018)

We have developed a method to introduce novel paratopes into the human antibody repertoire by modifying the immunoglobulin genes of mature B cells directly using genome editing technologies. We used CRISPR-Cas9 in a homology directed repair strategy, to replace the heavy chain (HC) variable region in B cell lines with that from an HIV broadly neutralizing antibody, PG9. Our strategy is designed to function in cells that have undergone VDJ recombination using any combination of variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes. The modified locus expresses PG9 HC which pairs with native light chains resulting in the cell surface expression of HIV specific B cell receptors (BCRs). Endogenous activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in engineered cells allowed for Ig class switching and generated BCR variants with improved anti-HIV neutralizing activity. Thus, BCRs engineered in this way retain the genetic flexibility normally required for affinity maturation during adaptive immune responses.
Acoustic characterization of antibubbles for quantitative imaging (2019)

Traditional ultrasound contrast agent consists of gas microbubbles with a stabilizing shell. Theoretical analysis has shown that adding a sufficiently large liquid core to a gas bubble introduces asymmetry to its oscillations and, therefore, strongly increases nonlinear behavior [1]. Such bubbles with a liquid core are referred to as antibubbles. A recent paper compared the harmonic response of antibubbles to that of identical bubbles when insonified at a frequency of 1 MHz [2]. Our work extends upon this, adding multiple insonification frequencies in the range of 0.5-3 MHz with a step of 0.5 MHz, and comparing our results with those obtained with a traditional contrast agent, SonoVue (Bracco), approved for clinical use. Besides this, we present dynamic measurements of the scattered signal at the frequency identified to be the closest to antibubble resonance, producing time intensity curves (TICs) typically observed in vivo. The configuration of our experimental setup, comprising a gelatin cuvette with the contrast- agent dilutions, an insonifing transducer (GE Panametrics), and a receiving hydrophone (Onda HGL), is similar to that in [2] (Fig.1). The position of the insonifying circular transducer (centered at 2.2 MHz) was adjusted by a motion stage such that the gelatin cuvette was positioned in the focus for every frequency studied. The hydrophone was used to record the scattered bubble signal at an angle perpendicular to the acoustic beam and a distance of 3 cm from the cuvette. For the dynamic measurements, the cuvette was replaced by a gelatin compartment, similar to the middle section of the gelatin cuvette, positioned horizontally. The flow through this compartment was generated by a continuous pump. Compared to traditional contrast agents, stronger non-linear response at lower frequencies and high-quality TICs motivate further investigation of antibubbles for diagnostic applications.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERNAL REACTIONS OF TETRAALKYLSTANNANES WITH CARBON‐CENTERED ELECTROPHILES (1982)

Abstract Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die inneren Reaktionen der Tetraalkylstannan‐Verbindungen (I), (IV) und (VII) in Gegenwart eines Katalysators entweder durch elektrophile Spaltung der C‐Sn‐Bindung und Bildung einer C‐C‐Bindung erfolgen und zu cyclischen Produkten wie (II), (III) oder (VI) führen oder über den Transfer eines Hydrids in β‐Stellung zum Stannyl‐Teil durch einen inneren Redoxprozeß verlaufen und Olefine wie (V) oder (VIII) ergeben.
Benchmarking DNA Methylation Assays for Marine Invertebrates (2020)

Abstract Interrogation of chromatin modifications, such as DNA methylation, has potential to improve forecasting and conservation of marine ecosystems. The standard method for assaying DNA methylation (Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing), however, is too costly to apply at the scales required for ecological research. Here we evaluate different methods for measuring DNA methylation for ecological epigenetics. We compare Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) with Methylated CpG Binding Domain Sequencing (MBD-seq), and a modified version of MethylRAD we term methylation-dependent Restriction site-Associated DNA sequencing (mdRAD). We evaluate these three assays in measuring variation in methylation across the genome, between genotypes, and between polyp types in the reef-building coral Acropora millepora . We find that all three assays measure absolute methylation levels similarly, with tight correlations for methylation of gene bodies (gbM), as well as exons and 1Kb windows. Correlations for differential gbM between genotypes were weaker, but still concurrent across assays. We detected little to no reproducible differences in gbM between polyp types. We conclude that MBD-seq and mdRAD are reliable cost-effective alternatives to WGBS. Moreover, the considerably lower sequencing effort required for mdRAD to produce comparable methylation estimates makes it particularly useful for ecological epigenetics.
Differential Regulation of a Fibroblast Growth Factor-Binding Protein during Skin Carcinogenesis and Wound Healing (2004)

The initiation of premalignant lesions is associated with subtle cellular and gene expression changes. Here we describe a severe combined immunodeficiency mouse xenograft model with human adult skin and compare chemical carcinogenesis and wound healing. We focus on a secreted binding protein for fibroblast growth factors (FGF-BP) that enhances the activity of locally stored FGFs and is expressed at high levels in human epithelial cancers. Carcinogen treatment of murine skin induced papilloma within 6 weeks, whereas the human skin grafts displayed no obvious macroscopic alterations. Microscopic studies of the human skin, however, showed p53-positive keratinocytes in the epidermis, increased angiogenesis in the dermis of the treated skin, enhanced proliferation of keratinocytes in the basal layer, and an increase of FGF-BP protein and mRNA expression. In contrast, after surgical wounding of human skin grafts or of mouse skin, FGF-BP expression was upregulated within a few hours and returned to control levels after 2 days with wound closure. Enhanced motility of cultured keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts by FGF-BP supports a role in wound healing. We conclude that adult human skin xenografts can be used to identify early molecular events during malignant transformation as well as transient changes during wound healing.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonding, π‐Bonding Contributions, and Aromatic Charater in Isoelectronic Boron‐Phosphorus, Boron‐Arsenic, Aluminum‐Nitrogen, and Zinc‐Sulfur Compounds (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gap-reduced thermal paste package design for cooling single flip-chip electronic modules (2003)

A method of reducing the thermal paste chip-to-cap interface gap is presented to achieve enhanced cooling of single flip-chip electronic modules. The structure and assembly process steps of the gap reduction design are described. The thermal reliability of the design is evaluated by measuring the thermal resistance for several permutations of the structural design variables, allowing identification of an optimum design configuration.
Ureteral injury in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. (2012)

The introduction of laparoscopy to gynecologic surgery has allowed for both innovative advancements and new challenges in the field. As the complexity of laparoscopically approached gynecologic cases continues to increase, it is imperative for surgeons to be aware of the risk of ureteral injury. Although rare, ureteral complications with gynecologic surgery may be quite morbid; therefore, knowledge about their prevention, diagnosis, and management is of the utmost importance.
AN EQUATION FOR GENERATING CHAOS AND ITS MONOLITHIC IMPLEMENTATION (2002)

We propose a simple continuous-time system for chaos generation based on a third-order abstract canonical mathematical model. Nonlinearity in this model is introduced by a bipolar switching constant, which reflects the behavior of a digital inverter. A simple area efficient implementation of the system in a 1.2 μ CMOS process is presented. Experimental results from a tested chip are shown.
HAI-GEN 2022: 3rd Workshop on Human-AI Co-Creation with Generative Models (2022)

Recent advances in generative AI have resulted in a rapid and dramatic increase to the fidelity of created artifacts, from realistic-looking images of faces [9] to antimicrobial peptide sequences that treat diseases [5] to faked videos of prominent business leaders [4, 10]. We believe that people skilled within their creative domain can realize great benefits by incorporating generative models into their own work: as a source of inspiration, as a tool for manipulation, or as a creative partner. Our workshop will bring together researchers and practitioners from both the HCI and AI disciplines to explore and better understand the opportunities and challenges in building, using, and evaluating human-AI co-creative systems.
Bioactive Compounds from Carissa spinarum (2012)

In our continuing efforts to find new antiherpetic agents from plants, an extract prepared from the stems of Carissa spinarum L. was found to possess appreciable activity against herpes simplex viruses (HSV I and II). A chemical study of this plant was then initiated, and this led to the isolation of 12 compounds, including a coumarin, two cardiac glycosides and nine lignans. These isolated compounds were evaluated for several biological activities, including antiherpetic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The cardiac glycoside evomonoside was found to be the only antiherpetic principle, showing moderate activity against herpes simplex virus types I and II in the inactivation method. The lignans (-)-carinol, (-)-carissanol and (-)-nortrachelogenin exhibited cytotoxicity against breast (MCF7) and lung (A549) cancer cells. Moderate anti-DPPH free radical activity was observed for all the lignans. None of the isolates showed antibacterial activity.
Angiopoietin-like protein 3 governs LDL-cholesterol levels through endothelial lipase-dependent VLDL clearance (2020)

Angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL)3 regulates plasma lipids by inhibiting LPL and endothelial lipase (EL). ANGPTL3 inactivation lowers LDL-C independently of the classical LDLR-mediated pathway and represents a promising therapeutic approach for individuals with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia due to <i>LDLR</i> mutations. Yet, how ANGPTL3 regulates LDL-C levels is unknown. Here, we demonstrate in hyperlipidemic humans and mice that ANGPTL3 controls VLDL catabolism upstream of LDL. Using kinetic, lipidomic, and biophysical studies, we show that ANGPTL3 inhibition reduces VLDL-lipid content and size, generating remnant particles that are efficiently removed from the circulation. This suggests that ANGPTL3 inhibition lowers LDL-C by limiting LDL particle production. Mechanistically, we discovered that EL is a key mediator of ANGPTL3's novel pathway. Our experiments revealed that, although dispensable in the presence of LDLR, EL-mediated processing of VLDL becomes critical for LDLR-independent particle clearance. In the absence of EL and LDLR, ANGPTL3 inhibition perturbed VLDL catabolism, promoted accumulation of atypical remnants, and failed to reduce LDL-C. Taken together, we uncover ANGPTL3 at the helm of a novel EL-dependent pathway that lowers LDL-C in the absence of LDLR.
Detection of a C4a-Hydroperoxyflavin Intermediate in the Reaction of a Flavoprotein Oxidase (2008)

This work describes for the first time the identification of a reaction intermediate, C4a-hydroperoxyflavin, during the oxidative half-reaction of a flavoprotein oxidase, pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O) from Trametes multicolor, by using rapid kinetics. The reduced P2O reacted with oxygen with a forward rate constant of 5.8 x 10 (4) M (-1) s (-1) and a reverse rate constant of 2 s (-1), resulting in the formation of a C4a-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate which decayed with a rate constant of 18 s (-1). The absorption spectrum of the intermediate resembled the spectra of flavin-dependent monooxygenases. A hydrophobic cavity formed at the re side of the flavin ring in the closed state structure of P2O may help in stabilizing the intermediate.
Thermal annealing effect on FeCoB soft underlayer for perpendicular magnetic recording (2002)

We study the noise performance of amorphous FeCoB soft underlayers (SULs) with radial magnetic anisotropy. 200 nm thick FeCoB films are sputter deposited and optionally postannealed for 8 s at different annealing powers. The correlation of SUL read-back noise with the magnetic and structural properties is studied using spin stand testing, in-plane magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements, magnetic force microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The effects of annealing to achieve low read-back noise are examined. It is found that as-prepared films show large dc noise associated with stripe domains due to stress-induced perpendicular anisotropy. Thermal annealing reduces the internal stress and the films become magnetically anisotropic in the radial direction. The SUL-induced dc noise drops to the electronic noise floor. dc noise is found to decrease with an increase in annealing power until the films start to crystallize.
Using Coherence Information and Decay Techniques to Optimize L2 Cache Leakage in CMPs (2009)

This paper evaluates several techniques to save leakage in CMP L2 caches by selectively switching off the less used lines. We primarily focus on private snoopy L2 caches. In this case, coherence must be enforced in all situations and specially when a line is turned off to save power. In particular, we introduce three techniques: the first one turns off the cache lines by using the coherence protocol invalidations, the second one is an implementation of a cache decay technique specific for coherent caches, the third one is a performance-optimized decay-based technique for coherent caches. Experimental results, carried out by using accurate performance/thermal/energy models, show that appreciable power savings can be achieved by properly designing a leakage optimization technique. We target a CMP composed of 4 cores and 1 to 8 MB of total cache. For 4 MB, the proposed techniques show a 13%, 30%, and 21% energy reduction, respectively, at the cost of 0%, 8%, and 2% performance loss. For other cache sizes the behavior is qualitatively similar.
Improved prediction of disease-free survival in tamoxifen-treated patients using an expression signature of estrogen-regulated genes as compared to progesterone receptor (2006)

535 Background: Progesterone receptor (PR) is a direct downstream target of activated estrogen receptor (ER) and its expression is a marker of estrogen signaling within breast tumors. Studies suggest the absence of PR predicts the likelihood of distant recurrence in patients treated with hormonal therapies such as tamoxifen, but better clinical measures are needed. Methods: Through analysis of public mRNA expression profiling datasets, we identified 36 genes with the following expression patterns similar to PR: (1) induced by 17β-estradiol (E2) in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell lines in vitro, (2) under-expressed in ER-negative compared to ER-positive breast tumors, and (3) correlated with PR expression in ER-positive tumors. The average expression of these 36 genes was used as a “risk index” for assessing disease-specific survival in two independent tumor profile datasets of 60 and 67 patients treated with tamoxifen (these data not having been used to initially select the 36 genes), with a high risk group in each dataset defined as those with the bottom 25% of risk index values. Results: The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the rates of distant recurrence at 10 years in the low-risk and high-risk groups were 24% and 64% in the one dataset and 32% and 72% in the other dataset. In both validation datasets, the rate in the low-risk group was significantly lower than that in the high-risk group (P=0.008 and P=0.006 by log-rank, respectively), whereas patient groups defined by histologically-assigned PR status did not show significant risk differences (P=0.70 and P=0.94, respectively). In a univariate Cox model, the risk index combined across both validation datasets provided significant predictive power (P=0.03). Conclusions: Through RT-PCR assay of a larger independent cohort of breast tumor samples, we are currently validating the prognostic value of individual genes within the 36-gene signature. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pore structure and compressive properties of ADC12 porous aluminum fabricated by friction stir processing (2010)

Recently, porous aluminum has attracted special interest as a new functional material. However, the application of porous aluminum remains limited due to high-cost fabrication and low productivity. To overcome these problems, the authors proposed a new fabrication method called the “FSP (Friction Stir Processing) route precursor method”. In this study, using aluminum alloy die casting ADC12 as the starting material, porous aluminum is fabricated by the FSP route precursor method. At first, the pore structures of ADC12 porous aluminum are observed through X-ray CT. It is shown that, in the porous aluminum by FSP precursor method, the pore size distribution and the circularity of pores are similar to those in commercially available porous aluminum. Moreover, the compression tests for ADC12 porous aluminum and commercially available porous aluminum are carried out. It is shown that ADC12 porous aluminum indicates brittle fracture, and high plateau stress and high absorption energy comparing those of commercially available porous aluminum.
Supplementary Table S2 from Safety Run-in of Intramuscular pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and TA-CIN Protein Vaccination as Treatment for HPV16+ ASC-US, ASC-H, or LSIL/CIN1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2 shows Systolic blood pressure of study participants at each visit, including immediately pre- and 30 minutes post-vaccination&lt;/p&gt;
Flexible Control of Small Wind Turbines With Grid Failure Detection Operating in Stand-Alone and Grid-Connected Mode (2004)

This paper presents the development and test of a flexible control strategy for an 11-kW wind turbine with a back-to-back power converter capable of working in both stand-alone and grid-connection mode. The stand-alone control is featured with a complex output voltage controller capable of handling nonlinear load and excess or deficit of generated power. Grid-connection mode with current control is also enabled for the case of isolated local grid involving other dispersed power generators such as other wind turbines or diesel generators. A novel automatic mode switch method based on a phase-locked loop controller is developed in order to detect the grid failure or recovery and switch the operation mode accordingly. A flexible digital signal processor (DSP) system that allows user-friendly code development and online tuning is used to implement and test the different control strategies. The back-to-back power conversion configuration is chosen where the generator converter uses a built-in standard flux vector control to control the speed of the turbine shaft while the grid-side converter uses a standard pulse-width modulation active rectifier control strategy implemented in a DSP controller. The design of the longitudinal conversion loss filter and of the involved PI-controllers are described in detail. Test results show the proposed methods works properly.
Tunable Dispersion Compensation in a 40 Gb/s System using a Compact FIR Lattice Filter in SiON Technology (2002)

We present a tunable dispersion compensator for 40 Gb/s optical transmission systems, based on a finite impulse response (FIR) lattice filter. The device has a free spectral range (FSR) of approximately 100 GHz, low delay ripple and a wide tuning range from D = -120 ps/nm to +120 ps/nm. System experiments are presented for 40 Gb/s NRZ coded transmission
Probabilistic Medium Access Control for Full-Duplex Networks with Half-Duplex Clients (2016)

The feasibility of practical in-band full-duplex radios has recently been demonstrated experimentally. One way to leverage full-duplex in a network setting is to enable three-node full-duplex, where a full- duplex access point (AP) transmits data to one node yet simultaneously receives data from another node. Such three-node full-duplex communication however introduces inter-client interference, directly impacting the full-duplex gain. It hence may not always be beneficial to enable three-node full-duplex transmissions. In this paper, we present a distributed full-duplex medium access control (MAC) protocol that allows an AP to adaptively switch between full-duplex and half-duplex modes. We formulate a model that determines the probabilities of full-duplex and half-duplex access so as to maximize the expected network throughput. A MAC protocol is further proposed to enable the AP and clients to contend for either full-duplex or half-duplex transmissions based on their assigned probabilities in a distributed way. Our evaluation shows that, by combining the advantages of centralized probabilistic scheduling and distributed random access, our design improves the overall throughput by 2.70x and 1.53x, on average, as compared to half-duplex 802.11 and greedy downlink-uplink client pairing.
Chiral Fibers: Microformed optical fibers possess unique properties that are useful for polarization control, harsh-environment sensing, dense multichannel coupling, spatial division-multiplexing and fiber amplification (2013)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text V. I. Kopp, "Chiral Fibers: Microformed optical fibers possess unique properties that are useful for polarization control, harsh-environment sensing, dense multichannel coupling, spatial division-multiplexing and fiber amplification," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2013, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2013), paper OTu2G.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Get Video Citation alert Save article