gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Method Based on Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection (CE-LIF) to Monitor Interaction between Nanoparticles and the Amyloid-β Peptide (2010)

A novel application of capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) was proposed to efficiently detect and monitor the interaction between polymeric nanoparticles and the β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)), a biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), at concentrations close to physiological conditions. The CE-LIF method allowed the interaction between PEGylated poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (NPs) and the soluble Aβ(1-42) peptide monomers to be highlighted. These results were confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Whereas SPR showed an interaction between the NPs and the Aβ(1-42) peptide, CLSM allowed the formation of large aggregates/assemblies at high NP and peptide concentrations to be visualized. All these results suggested that these nanoparticles could bind the Aβ(1-42) peptide and influence its aggregation kinetics. Interestingly, the non-PEGylated poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) NPs did not alter the aggregation kinetics of the Aβ(1-42) peptide, thus emphasizing the high level of discrimination of the CE-LIF method with respect to NPs.
Dynamic modeling of GE 1.5 and 3.6 MW wind turbine-generators for stability simulations (2004)

GE power systems has an ongoing effort dedicated to development of models of GE wind turbine generators (WTG) suitable for use in system impact studies. This paper documents the present recommendations for dynamic modeling of the GE 1.5 and 3.6 MW WTG for use in system impact studies. The paper includes recommended model structure and data, as well the assumptions, capabilities and limitations of the resulting model.
Early Insight Into In Vivo Recellularization of Cell-Free Allogenic Heart Valves (2019)

Substantial in vivo recellularization with noninflammatory cells was observed in this study. Spontaneous recellularization appears to require multiple months, which correspondingly has an impact on size selection for growing patients.
Differential Cellular Recognition of Antigens During Acute Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Malaria (2011)

Cellular PfMSP5-specific responses are most frequent during either acute falciparum or vivax malaria, indicating functional T-cell responses to conserved antigens. Both effector and central memory T-cell functions are increased. Greater IFN-γ responses in acute P. vivax, suggest enhancement of pre-existing effector T-cells during acute vivax infection.
Attenuated Total Internal Reflection Infrared Microspectroscopic Imaging Using a Large-Radius Germanium Internal Reflection Element and a Linear Array Detector (2006)

The number of techniques and instruments available for Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopic imaging has grown significantly over the past few years. Attenuated total internal reflectance (ATR) FT-IR microspectroscopy reduces sample preparation time and has simplified the analysis of many difficult samples. FT-IR imaging has become a powerful analytical tool using either a focal plane array or a linear array detector, especially when coupled with a chemometric analysis package. The field of view of the ATR-IR microspectroscopic imaging area can be greatly increased from 300 x 300 microm to 2500 x 2500 microm using a larger internal reflection element of 12.5 mm radius instead of the typical 1.5 mm radius. This gives an area increase of 70x before aberrant effects become too great. Parameters evaluated include the change in penetration depth as a function of beam displacement, measurements of the active area, magnification factor, and change in spatial resolution over the imaging area. Drawbacks such as large file size will also be discussed. This technique has been successfully applied to the FT-IR imaging of polydimethylsiloxane foam cross-sections, latent human fingerprints, and a model inorganic mixture, which demonstrates the usefulness of the method for pharmaceuticals.
APRIL: A processor architecture for multiprocessing. Technical report (1991)

Processors in large scale multiprocessors must be able to tolerate large communication latencies and synchronization delays. This paper describes the architecture of a rapid-context-switching processor called APRIL with support for fine-grain threads and synchronization. APRIL achieves high single-thread performance and supports virtual dynamic threads. A commercial RISC-based implementation of APRIL and a run time software system that can switch contexts in about 10 cycles is described. Measurements taken for several parallel applications on an APRIL simulator show that the overhead for supporting parallel tasks based on futures is reduced by a factor of two over a corresponding implementation on the Encore Multimax. The scalability of a multiprocessor based on APRIL is explored using a performance model. The authors show that the SPARC-based implementation of APRIL can achieve close to 80% processor utilization with as few as three resident threads per processor in a large-scale cache-based machine with an average base network latency of 55 cycles.
Noncontacting Sensors for Acoustic Waves (1982)

Optical probing techniques have been extensively used to study the properties of surface a coustic wave devices and for measuring acoustic wave amplitude and phase. Several conventional probe configurations and their merits will be discussed. Recently, we have developed an all-fiber probe. probe offers several advantages over conventional probes: fewer adjustments are necessary for good operation, a dynamic range
Software Implementation of Biological Repository for Human Genetic Material (2000)

To provide biological specimens for scientific studies, the Medical Automation Research Center (MARC) designed and constructed a large-scale device that emphasizes the use of robotics and automatio...
Ionizing Radiation and TNF-a and Stimulated Expression of a1-Antichymotrypsin Gene in Human Squamous Carcinoma Cells (1998)

Alpha-1 antichymotrypsin (ACT), a serine protease inhibitor, has been detected in several epithelial tumor cell types, but its role in response to therapy is not clear. We report here that exposure of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)-derived cells (PCI-04A) to ionizing radiation (IR) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) resulted in an increased level of ACT mRNA, although the induction patterns were different. IR treatment caused a transient stimulation of ACT mRNA, peaking at 3 h post-irradiation, whereas TNF-alpha-inducible ACT gene expression lasted for up to 24 h. The ACT mRNA was expressed in several epithelial and non-epithelial tumor cell types, and in different normal human tissues. In addition, when the ACT gene expression in PCI-04A cells was compared with the matched (from the same patient) metastatic HNSCC-derived cells (PCI-04B), increased steady-state level of the ACT mRNA was observed in PCI-04B cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that ACT may serve as an important marker for prognosis and therapy selection in HNSCC.
Fluid Mechanics Measurements in Non-Newtonian Fluids (2017)

Many liquid flow problems of interest today deal with non-Newtonian fluids. The main types of non-Newtonian liquids are polymer solutions, molten polymers, and concentrated dispersions such as slurries, food products, pastes, sealants, inks, and paints.
On the Interpretation of Ballistic Injection Velocity in Deeply Scaled MOSFETs (2012)

The ballistic injection velocity is examined in state-of-the-art Si extremely thin SOI MOSFETs using ballistic quantum simulations and a virtual source (VS) compact model. The results indicate that the device performs at around 50%-60% of its ballistic limit and that the ballistic injection velocity at the top of the potential barrier (ToB), as obtained by numerical simulation, can be significantly lower than its counterpart extracted at the VS. This occurs because, at high drain bias, the ToB moves under the influence of gate bias toward the source contact, where additional mobile charge resides that are not directly induced by the gate contact but by the source contact. This effect becomes increasingly important as channel length shrinks and is affected by several factors, including the details of the source design. The accurate estimation of a physically meaning “injection velocity” under ballistic limit could be therefore very difficult in very short channel MOSFETs.
Genetic-algorithm optimization of dipole equivalent-circuit models (2000)

In this paper, we use a genetic-algorithm (GA) technique to optimize equivalent-circuit models of an antenna system. Two broadband equivalent-circuit models with component values are optimized by use of the genetic algorithm. The first is a conventional RLC network, while the second introduces a new technique that makes use of transmission-line segments as well as lumped components. Both equivalent circuits exhibit good impedance fidelity over a bandwidth exceeding five octaves, including the fundamental through the fourth overtone response. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 27: 259–261, 2000.
Effective Mn-Doping in AgInS2/ZnS Core/Shell Nanocrystals for Dual Photoluminescent Peaks (2019)

We developed the effective Mn-doping procedure for AgInS₂(AIS)/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) to exhibit dual photoluminescence (PL) peaks. Although the AIS/ZnS core/shell NCs showed solely a single PL peak at ~530 nm, incorporation of a small amount of Mn as a dopant within the AIS/ZnS NCs resulted in the simultaneous emergence of dual PL peaks at ~500 nm (green PL) arising from AIS/ZnS NCs and ~600 nm (orange PL) from the Mn dopants. Furthermore, we succeeded in significantly increasing the absolute PL quantum yield value of dual emissive AIS/ZnS NCs incorporated with Mn dopants from 10% to 34% after surface passivation with another ZnS shell for the formation of core/shell/shell structures.
Wavefront sensorless multimodal handheld adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope for in vivo imaging of human retinal cones (2020)

Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) has advanced the study of retinal structure and function by enabling in vivo imaging of individual photoreceptors. Most implementations of AOSLOs are large, complex tabletop systems, thereby preventing high quality photoreceptor imaging of patients who are unable to sit upright and/or fixate for an imaging session. We have previously addressed this limitation in the clinical translation of AOSLO by developing the first confocal handheld AOSLO (HAOSLO) capable of cone photoreceptor visualization in adults and infants. However, confocal AOSLO images suffer from imaging artifacts and the inability to detect remnant cone structure, leading to ambiguous or potentially misleading results. Recently, it has been shown that non-confocal split-detection (SD) AOSLO images, created by the collection of multiply backscattered light, enables more reliable studies of retinal photoreceptors by providing images of the cone inner segment. In this paper, we detail the extension of our HAOSLO probe to enable multi-channel light collection resulting in the first ever multimodal handheld AOSLO (M-HAOSLO). Imaging sessions were conducted on two dilated, healthy human adult volunteers, and M-HAOSLO images taken in handheld operation mode reveal the cone photoreceptor mosaic. Aside from being the first miniaturized and portable implementation of a SD AOSLO system, M-HAOSLO relies on sensorless optimization of the wavefront to correct aberrations. Thus, we also show the first ever SD images collected after correction of the eye’s estimated wavefront.
Sensing and compressing 3-D models (1998)

The goal of this research project was to create a passive and robust computer vision system for producing 3-D computer models of arbitrary scenes. Although the authors were unsuccessful in achieving the overall goal, several components of this research have shown significant potential. Of particular interest is the application of parametric eigenspace methods for planar pose measurement of partially occluded objects in gray-level images. The techniques presented provide a simple, accurate, and robust solution to the planar pose measurement problem. In addition, the representational efficiency of eigenspace methods used with gray-level features were successfully extended to binary features, which are less sensitive to illumination changes. The results of this research are presented in two papers that were written during the course of this project. The papers are included in sections 2 and 3. The first section of this report summarizes the 3-D modeling efforts.
1440: Novel Non-Viral Vector Using Biodegradable Thermo-Sensitive Polymer (Regel®) in the Gene Therpy of Erectile Dysfunction (2004)

and the 102 kDa PDE4Ax band. No PDE4B protein was detected. Immunodetection in fixed tissues and cells showed PDE4A and PDE4D, but no PDE4B or PDE4A4. Incubation of cells with SNAP and sildenafil dosedependently increased cGMP levels as expected, in contrast to pentoxifylline and rolipram. The latter agents did increase cAMP in the absence and presence of SNAP.
Automated radiosynthesis of two 18F-labeled tracers containing 3-fluoro-2-hydroxypropyl moiety, [18F]FMISO and [18F]PM-PBB3, via [18F]epifluorohydrin (2021)

Both [<sup>18</sup>F]FMISO and [<sup>18</sup>F]PM-PBB3 injections were successfully synthesized with sufficient radioactivity by <sup>18</sup>F-fluoroalkylation using [<sup>18</sup>F]5.
Nuclear Receptor LRH-1 Induces the Reproductive Neuropeptide Kisspeptin in the Hypothalamus (2013)

The differential expression and secretion of the neuropeptide kisspeptin from neurons in the arcuate (Arc) and anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nuclei of the hypothalamus coordinate the temporal release of pituitary gonadotropins that control the female reproductive cycle. However, the molecular basis for this differential regulation is incompletely understood. Here, we report that liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is expressed in kisspeptin neurons in the Arc but not in the AVPV in female mice. LRH-1 binds directly to the kisspeptin (Kiss1) promoter and stimulates Kiss1 transcription. Deletion of LRH-1 from kisspeptin neurons in mice decreased Kiss1 expression in the Arc, leading to reduced plasma FSH levels, dysregulated follicle maturation, and prolongation of the estrous cycle. Conversely, overexpression of LRH-1 in kisspeptin neurons increased Arc Kiss1 expression and plasma FSH concentrations. These studies provide a molecular basis for the differential regulation of basal kisspeptin expression in Arc and AVPV neurons and reveal a prominent role for LRH-1 in hypothalamus in regulating the female reproductive axis.
Performance of a Vacuum Arc Commutating Switch for a Fault-Current Limiter (1983)

A vacuum arc device with a hollow cylindrical anode and a button cathode located axially at the bottom of the anode has been evaluated theoretically and experimentally for use in a fault-current limiter as a commutating switch with an applied axial magnetic field. An optimally designed commutating switch of this type should meet the following conditions: 1) inductance of the parallel capacitor should be minimized, 2) time rate of increase for the applied magnetic field should be within an optimum range, 3) a slot in the anode is needed to provide for fast penetration of the magnetic field into the interelectrode region, and 4) anode size (radius and height) should be large enough to give a particle density and a commutation voltage of suitable magnitude for the duty expected.
Transform Domain Precoding (TDP) for 5G Evolution and 6G (2020)

Due to the availability of wide bandwidth, high frequency band is promising for 5G evolution and 6G. With the increase of antenna ports and bandwidth, existing subband-level precoding consumes high feedback overhead and restricts the precoding granularity. However, channel sparsity can be observed in transformed angular-delay domain in mmWave systems with massive antennas. In this letter, to utilize the sparsity, we propose a transform domain precoding (TDP) to design precoder and feedback. Realistic factors including hybrid beamforming, frequency domain windowing and power allocation are analyzed and evaluated by link-level simulations. Results show that 60%~89% overhead reduction and 2.38%~21% spectrum efficiency (SE) enhancement can be achieved by TDP.
Conformational change and non-canonical interactions in the complex between human papillomavirus E6 protein and Synapse-Associated Protein 97 (2010)

The E6 protein of human papillomavirus exhibits complex interaction patterns with several host proteins and their roles in HPV mediated oncogensis have proved challenging to study. Here we use seve ...
Geometry and Surface Treatment Dependence of the Light Collectionfrom LSO Crystals - A Fast, Effecient New Scintillator (1997)

We study the relative light collection efficiency for narrowLSO crystals as a function of surface finish and geometry. We exploreboth a specular and diffuse surface reflector finish, using LSO crystalsthat are either polished or etched. The crystals have a squarecross-section with widths of 1.8, 2.2, 2.5, or 2.6mm and lengths of 10,20 or 30mm. When optically coupled to a PMT on a square end and wrappedwith Teflon on 5 sides, we excite them at 5 mm incremental depths with511keV photons and measure the photopeak position. The light collectionis characterized by a maximum output (based on the photopeak positionwhen excited at the PMT end) and a depth-dependent loss factor. Both themaximum output and loss factor are effectively independent of width, andthe maximum output is only weakly dependent on length (6696+/-612,5796+/-432, and 5328+/-288 photons for 10, 20, and 30mm lengths). Theloss factor is effectively independent of length, with a 0, 18, 27, and22 percent reduction at excitation depths of 0, 10, 20, and 30mm. Thelight collection is only weakly dependent on surface finish if it ispolished or etched beyond a minimum time.
Aberrant interferon-signaling is associated with aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2011)

The type I interferons (IFNs) normally suppress tumor growth by phosphorylating and activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), but also briefly activate STAT3, which promotes cell growth. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells, the duration of IFN-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation was found to exhibit significant interpatient variability and was prolonged in cells with high risk features, such as 11q- and 17p-deletions involving ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and p53. This aberrant signaling pattern was associated with a paradoxical increase in cell size and number in response to IFN and similar alterations in IFN-signaling and responses were seen in cell lines that developed in the absence of p53 or ATM. However, direct inhibition of p53 or ATM failed to cause these changes, and CLL cells with aggressive clinical features were found to also express high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which decrease tyrosine phosphatase activity. Prolonged IFN-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation and lowered phosphatase activity could be reversed by antioxidants. These findings suggest that increased ROS levels may corrupt IFN-signaling processes in aggressive CLL cells, causing IFN to be used as a growth factor rather than a tumor suppressor. Antioxidants or STAT3 kinase inhibitors might improve the outcome of IFN therapy in CLL by restoring normal signaling.
High-resolution crystal structure of a 20 kDa superfluorinated gold nanocluster (2022)

Crystallization of atomically precise nanoclusters is gaining increasing attention, due to the opportunity of elucidating both intracluster and intercluster packing modes, and exploiting the functionality of the resulting highly pure crystallized materials. Herein, we report the design and single-crystal X-ray structure of a superfluorinated 20 kDa gold nanocluster, with an Au<sub>25</sub> core coated by a shell of multi-branched highly fluorinated thiols (SF<sub>27</sub>) resulting in almost 500 fluorine atoms, i.e., ([Au<sub>25</sub>(SF<sub>27</sub>)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>0</sup>). The cluster shows a switchable solubility in the fluorous phase. X-ray analysis and computational studies reveal the key role of both intracluster and intercluster F···F contacts in driving [Au<sub>25</sub>(SF<sub>27</sub>)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>0</sup> crystal packing and stabilization, highlighting the ability of multi-branched fluorinated thiols to endow atomically precise nanoclusters with remarkable crystallogenic behavior.
Disease progression modeling‐based prediction of cognitive decline (2020)

Abstract Background The objective of this study is to investigate decline prediction of cognitive test scores in stable and converting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects using both nonparametric and parametric Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression modeling methods trained on data including cognitive tests, CSF measures, and neuroimaging biomarkers. Method The study dataset consisted of yearly visits (2005‐2017) for 782 Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) subjects with normal cognition, MCI, or AD, including FreeSurfer‐based T1‐weighted brain MRI volumes (ventricles, hippocampus, whole brain, fusiform, and entorhinal cortex, all normalized with intracranial volume), cognitive tests (MMSE, CDR‐SB, ADAS‐Cog‐13, FAQ, and RAVLT‐immediate‐recall), CSF measures (Amyloid‐beta and p‐tau), and FDG‐PET. Two state‐of‐the‐art disease progression modeling methods, a nonparametric using LSTMs (Ghazi, M. M., et al., Medical Image Analysis 53, 39‐46, 2019) and a parametric using regression (Jedynak, B. M., et al., Neurobiology of Aging 36, 178‐184, 2015), were trained on 632 subjects and subsequently applied to predict month 24 to 96 MMSE scores for 150 independent test subjects using only their baseline and month 12 data. Result The predictive power and prognostic capability of the AD progression modeling methods were assessed using the per‐visit mean absolute error (MAE) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of predicted MMSE scores for stable MCI (sMCI) and converting MCI (cMCI) test subjects. The average MAE results for month 24 to 96 MMSE scores were as follows: nonparametric 1.39 to 1.04 (sMCI), 2.41 to 3.62 (cMCI); parametric 1.46 to 4.00 (sMCI), 2.42 to 2.53 (cMCI). The average AUC results for month 24 to 96 obtained based on the predicted MMSE scores were as follows (two‐sample t ‐test, p &lt; 0.001 in all cases): nonparametric 0.79 to 0.73; parametric 0.83 to 0.69. Conclusion In almost all cases, the nonparametric method outperforms the parametric model in predicting MMSE scores. Moreover, predictions from both nonparametric and parametric methods can significantly discriminate between sMCI and cMCI groups. Though, the discrimination capability of the nonparametric method is superior in long‐term prediction of cognitive decline.