gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual fusion: a hybrid environment for improved commissioning in manufacturing systems (2017)

Efficiency and quality are major factors contributing to profits in manufacturing systems. Production downtime occurs during commissioning of a new system, adoption of new processes, system faults, or (un)planned maintenance; all of which result in reduced production and profit loss. Current techniques for evaluating change to a manufacturing system rely on simulation and modeling to verify processes, but ignore the physical interactions of the work parts on the system. Implementation techniques to evaluate commissioning focus on identifying issues with the cyber interfaces, ignoring the physical interfaces. To validate the cyber and physical interfaces simultaneously, physical work are sent through the system, resulting in significant costs from scrapped work parts and loss of production time. This research proposes a virtual fusion environment where the physical interfaces between a virtual work part and a manufacturing system can be investigated in real-time, on the physical system, without the expenses associated with physical work parts. The virtual environment includes a virtual fusion filter to monitor discrepancies between the physical and virtual systems, and generate a hybrid virtual-physical input signal to the system level controller for virtualisation of a work part onto a physical system. Experimental demonstrations validate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Patients with acromegaly come from tall families (1986)

The heights of 59 patients with acromegaly and their first-degree relatives were studied. The mean height SD score (SDS) for the patients was 0.93 +/- 1.19 (equivalent to 5.6 cm above the population mean), and for their siblings (N = 166) 0.39 +/- 1.05 (2.3 cm above the population mean) (P less than 10-5 for difference from the general population). The height distribution of both groups was markedly positively skewed. Probably the parents were as tall (in relation to the population of their age) as the siblings. Growth data were available for 13 of the patients and showed that the height of the tall (SDS greater than 2.0) patients had increased by 2.5-10 (mean 5) cm after normal cessation of growth. This explains the extra height of the patients over their siblings. Only 2 of the 13 patients became oversized for their families during the normal growth period. We suggest that in a part of the population with acromegaly the disease is associated with primary genetic tallness.
Stability of Boronic Esters to Hydrolysis: A Comparative Study (2009)

Abstract Boronic esters are key intermediates in the synthesis of biologically active compounds such as thrombin and proteasome inhibitors. However, they have low hydrolytic stability both during synthetic reactions and in biological media. We report the preparation of several boronic esters and a comparative study of their stability to hydrolysis vs. the corresponding pinanediol boronic esters, which are among the most hydrolytically stable. We discovered that the boronic esters derived from (1,1′-bicyclohexyl)-1,1′-diol are the most stable among those examined.
Low-Loss and Low-Birefringence High-Contrast Silicon-Oxynitride Waveguides for Optical Communication (2009)

Silicon-oxynitride waveguides fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition are very attractive for passive optical components used in optical networks. We use a combination of an high-index contrast and compact core dimensions for the realization of small bending radii. To achieve the high quality requirements with the desired waveguide design the layer deposition and the waveguide fabrication are optimized. Furthermore, we discuss the interface of the high-index optical components to standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and coupling tolerances, which is more difficult compared to common fiber-mode-matched wave guides. We show results of fabricated Mach-Zehnder interferometer-switches, tunable ring resonators and present a solution to reduce the waveguide birefringence by adjusting the mechanical stress of the cover layer.
Ultrafast harmonic mode-locking of monolithic compound-cavity laser diodes incorporating photonic-bandgap reflectors (2002)

We present the first demonstration of reproducible harmonic mode-locked operation from a novel design of monolithic semiconductor laser comprising a compound cavity formed by a I-D photonic-bandgap (PBG) mirror. Mode-locking (ML) is achieved at a harmonic of the fundamental round-trip frequency with pulse repetition rates from 131 GHz up to a record high frequency of 2.1 THz. The devices are fabricated from GaAs-AlGaAs material emitting at a wavelength of 860 nm and incorporate two gain sections with an etched PBG reflector between them, and a saturable absorber section. Autocorrelation studies are reported which allow the device behavior for different ML frequencies, compound cavity ratios, and type and number of intra-cavity reflectors to be analyzed. The highly reflective PBG microstructures are shown to be essential for subharmonic-free ML operation of the high-frequency devices. We have also demonstrated that the single PBG reflector can be replaced by two separate features with lower optical loss. These lasers may rind applications in terahertz imaging, medicine, ultrafast optical links, and atmospheric sensing.
The Shape of Things to Come: Pin-Based Tactile Shape Displays (2004)

Abstract. Tactile displays are used to convey small-scale pressure and shape information to the finger tip. Our device designs include a 1x10 pin display using shape-memory alloy actuators and a 6x6 pin display using inexpensive commercially available servomotor-gearhead packages. Our human factors studies suggest that bandwidths of about 30 Hz are required for free exploratory motions with pin-based displays, and that perception and task performance can be assisted through signal processing algorithms that compensate for the artificial interactions between the display and finger tip. One promising application area is surgery, where relaying tactile information to the surgeon’s finger tip from within the patient’s body may enhance minimally invasive procedures. 1
Homologous and Heterologous Protection of Nonhuman Primates by Ebola and Sudan Virus-Like Particles (2015)

Filoviruses cause hemorrhagic fever resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in humans. Several vaccine platforms that include multiple virus-vectored approaches and virus-like particles (VLPs) have shown efficacy in nonhuman primates. Previous studies have shown protection of cynomolgus macaques against homologous infection for Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) following a three-dose vaccine regimen of EBOV or MARV VLPs, as well as heterologous protection against Ravn Virus (RAVV) following vaccination with MARV VLPs. The objectives of the current studies were to determine the minimum number of vaccine doses required for protection (using EBOV as the test system) and then demonstrate protection against Sudan virus (SUDV) and Taï Forest virus (TAFV). Using the EBOV nonhuman primate model, we show that one or two doses of VLP vaccine can confer protection from lethal infection. VLPs containing the SUDV glycoprotein, nucleoprotein and VP40 matrix protein provide complete protection against lethal SUDV infection in macaques. Finally, we demonstrate protective efficacy mediated by EBOV, but not SUDV, VLPs against TAFV; this is the first demonstration of complete cross-filovirus protection using a single component heterologous vaccine within the Ebolavirus genus. Along with our previous results, this observation provides strong evidence that it will be possible to develop and administer a broad-spectrum VLP-based vaccine that will protect against multiple filoviruses by combining only three EBOV, SUDV and MARV components.
Dermatoza na podłożu psychogennym u 17-letniej pacjentki podejrzewanej o skazę krwotoczną (2010)

Psychodermatologia jest nową dziedziną medycyny obejmującą komponentę dermatologiczną, psychologiczną i psychiatryczną. Coraz częściej, szczególnie wśród młodych pacjentów, lekarze obserwują wpływ psychiki na występowanie chorób somatycznych – w tym również dermatologicznych. Wśród pierwotnych zaburzeń psychicznych, w których występują uszkodzenia skóry i przydatków, wyróżnia się dermatozy wywołane sztucznie – dermatozy arteficjalne (DA). W pracy przedstawiamy przypadek dziewczynki diagnozowanej w kierunku skazy krwotocznej. Na podstawie całości obrazu klinicznego, badań dodatkowych oraz długotrwałej psychoterapii postawiono rozpoznanie dermatozy arteficjalnej. Zwrócono uwagę na konieczność interdyscyplinarnej współpracy lekarzy i psychologów w leczeniu chorób somatycznych o niewyjaśnionej etiologii, szczególnie kiedy bierzemy pod uwagę udział czynnika psychogennego. Psychodermatology is a new field of medicine which combines dermatological, psychological and psychiatric components. The impact of psychological function on generation or exacerbation of somatic diseases, including dermatological ones, is more often observed especially among young patients. Artificially induced dermatoses (dermatitis artefacta, DA) are a subgroup of primary psychiatric disorders, in which damage of the skin and its appendages is observed. We present a case of a 17-year-old girl with suspected haemorrhagic diathesis. Based upon the clinical picture, additional tests and a long-term psychotherapy we have confirmed the diagnosis of dermatitis artefacta. In the paper, we emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation between physicians and psychologists in the treatment of somatic diseases of unknown etiology, particularly if a psychogenic impact is suspected.
Advanced Substrate Packaging Technologies for Enabling Heterogeneous Integration (HI) Applications (2022)

With significantly rising demand in high performance computing (HPC), HI has become a crucial performance enabler in the microelectronics industry by providing the flexibility of die disaggregation, and the ability to mix/match different IP blocks optimized on different Si nodes in a single package. The key focus in HI scaling has been to push interconnect density with increased bandwidth and improved power efficiency. In this paper, we share the recent progress on Embedded Multi-Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) technology bump pitch scaling and discuss key considerations for advanced substrate packaging technologies to enable heterogeneous integration applications.
Study of afterpulsing in InP-based single photon avalanche diodes for 1.5 &#x003BC;m and 1.06 &#x003BC;m photon counting applications (2007)

Afterpulsing effects in InP-based single photon avalanche diodes have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Characterization methods include both gated and free- running operation, and afterpulsing dependence on count rate is reported for both methods.
Does Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation Targeting Local Abnormal Ventricular Activity Elimination Reduce Ventricular Fibrillation Incidence? (2019)

Substrate-guided VT ablation targeting LAVAs may be associated with a significant reduction in recurrent VF, suggesting that VT and VF share overlapping arrhythmogenic substrates in patients with structural heart disease.
Organic Semiconductor Materials for Transistors (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: General Considerations Materials Properties of Organic Semiconductors Small Molecule Semiconductors Polymer Semiconductors Semiconductor Blends Device Physics and Architecture Summary References
Liver-Derived Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-Specific CD4+ T Cells Recognize Multiple HCV Epitopes and Produce Interferon Gamma (2000)

Virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell response at the site of inflammation is believed to play a decisive role for the course of viral disease. In hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the majority of studies focused on the peripheral blood T-cell response. In this study we analyzed intrahepatic virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell response and compared this with that in the peripheral blood. Liver and blood-derived T-cell lines were studied in 36 patients (18 with chronic hepatitis C and 18 with HCV-associated cirrhosis). Virus-specific interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production at a single cell level to various HCV-proteins (core, nonstructural [NS] 3/4, NS5) were determined by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELIspot). Phenotyping was done by fluorescent-activated cell sorter analysis. In approximately half (16 of 36 [44%]) of intrahepatic T-cell lines a significant number of IFN-gamma spots were observed, whereas this was the case in only 19% (7 of 36 T-cell lines) in the blood. In relative terms, core and nonstructural proteins were recognized with the same frequency in both compartments, but HCV-specificity was significantly more often detected in liver tissue compared with the blood. Hepatitis activity index, viral load, and alanine transaminase levels did not correlate with the detection of HCV-specific CD4(+) T cells. All T-cell lines were dominated by CD4(+) T cells. In conclusion, HCV-specific CD4(+) T cells are multispecific, compartmentalize to the liver, and produce IFN-gamma. We speculate that our data would support the concept of compartmentalization of specific T cells at the site of inflammation and that a low frequency of specific T cells is associated with failure to clear the virus and a chronic course of disease.
Scheduling Hardware/Software systems using symbolic techniques (1999)

In this report, a scheduling method for heterogeneous embedded systems is developed.At first, an internal representation model called FunState is presented which enables the explicit representation of non-determinism and scheduling using a combination of functions and state machines.The new scheduling method is able to deal with mixed data/control flow specifications and takes into account different mechanisms of non-determinism as occurring in the design of embedded systems.Constraints imposed by other already implemented components are respected.The scheduling approach avoids the explicit enumeration of execution paths by using symbolic techniques and guarantees to find a deadlock-free and bounded schedule if one exists.The generated schedule consists of statically scheduled basic blocks which are dynamically called at run time.
Effective molarity in diffusion-controlled reactions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffective molarity in diffusion-controlled reactionsMichael H. Mazor, Chung F. Wong, J. Andrew. McCammon, John M. Deutch, and George. WhitesidesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 9, 3807–3812Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100372a084https://doi.org/10.1021/j100372a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views336Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Predicting folded beam waveguide absorber behavior using full translational and rotational degree of freedom coupling (2003)

Folded beam waveguide absorbers (WGAs) have been shown to be effective low-frequency damping devices. Early WGA studies were unable to accurately predict this damping behavior. These studies used only translational degrees of freedom (DOFs), which resulted in the underestimation of the WGA damping performance. A recent study [Munro and Hambric, ‘‘Modeling folded beam waveguide absorber behavior using translational and rotational degree of freedom frequency response function coupling,’’ Proc. NOISE-CON 2003] used translational and rotational DOF frequency response functions to predict folded beam WGA behavior when attached to a thick rectangular plate, where the plate and WGA rotational DOFs were estimated using the finite-differencing method. Each plate and WGA DOF was coupled independently using frequency domain substructure synthesis (FDSS) [Jetmundsen et al., ‘‘Generalized frequency domain synthesis,’’ J. Am. Helicopter Soc. 55–64, Jan (1988)], and the damping contributions due to each DOF were summed to give the total WGA damping prediction. This method gives a much improved damping estimate from previous methods but is inefficient for complex problems. In this study, all the DOFs for the plate and WGA are combined simultaneously using FDSS to predict the WGA damping behavior and plate response with folded beam WGAs attached.
Novel software architecture for rapid development of magnetic resonance applications (2002)

Abstract As the pace of clinical magnetic resonance (MR) procedures grows, the need for an MR scanner software platform on which developers can rapidly prototype, validate, and produce product applications becomes paramount. A software architecture has been developed for a commercial MR scanner that employs state of the art software technologies including Java, C++, DICOM, XML, and so forth. This system permits graphical (drag and drop) assembly of applications built on simple processing building blocks, including pulse sequences, a user interface, reconstruction and postprocessing, and database control. The application developer (researcher or commercial) can assemble these building blocks to create custom applications. The developer can also write source code directly to create new building blocks and add these to the collection of components, which can be distributed worldwide over the internet. The application software and its components are developed in Java, which assures platform portability across any host computer that supports a Java Virtual Machine. The downloaded executable portion of the application is executed in compiled C++ code, which assures mission‐critical real‐time execution during fast MR acquisition and data processing on dedicated embedded hardware that supports C or C++. This combination permits flexible and rapid MR application development across virtually any combination of computer configurations and operating systems, and yet it allows for very high performance execution on actual scanner hardware. Applications, including prescan, are inherently real‐time enabled and can be aggregated and customized to form “superapplications,” wherein one or more applications work with another to accomplish the clinical objective with a very high transition speed between applications. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance (Magn Reson Engineering) 15: 216–237, 2002
SHAPE–Seq: High‐Throughput RNA Structure Analysis (2012)

Knowledge of RNA structure is critical to understanding both the important functional roles of RNA in biology and the engineering of RNA to control biological systems. This article contains a protocol for selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension and sequencing (SHAPE-Seq) that, through a combination of structure-dependent chemical probing and next-generation sequencing technologies, achieves structural characterization of hundreds of RNAs in a single experiment. This protocol is applicable in a variety of conditions, and represents an important tool for understanding RNA biology. The protocol includes methods for the design and synthesis of RNA mixtures for study, and the construction and analysis of structure-dependent sequencing libraries that reveal structural information of the RNAs in the mixtures. The methods are generally applicable to studying RNA structure and interactions in vitro in a variety of conditions, and allows for the rapid characterization of RNA structures in a high-throughput manner. Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 4:275-297 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
NK026680, a novel suppressant of dendritic cell function, prevents the development of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in SCG/Kj mice (2006)

The newly identified DC inhibitor, NK026680, prevented the onset of RPGN, autoantibody production, and lymphadenopathy in SCG/Kj mice, suggesting a crucial role for DC function in these autoimmune phenotypes. NK026680 may be a potent immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of ANCA-associated renovascular disorders.
History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies (2020)

Ege Univ, Dept Neurosurg, 1416 Sok 7 Kahramanlar, Izmir, Turkey
From a Remarkable Manifestation of Polar Effects in a Radical Fragmentation to the Convergent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Ketones (2013)

A new radical addition/C-C bond fragmentation process is reported. Vinyl carbinols derived from 2-methyl-2-phenylpropanal react with radicals generated from xanthates to give the corresponding ketones. The radical cleavage reaction proceeds under mild conditions, in good to high yield, and in the presence of the unprotected carbinol. Highly functionalized 1,5-diketones and pyridines are readily available using this approach.
Lower Bounds on Near Neighbor Search via Metric Expansion (2010)

In this paper we show how the complexity of performing nearest neighbor (NNS) search on a metric space is related to the expansion of the metric space. Given a metric space we look at the graph obtained by connecting every pair of points within a certain distance $r$ . We then look at various notions of expansion in this graph relating them to the cell probe complexity of NNS for randomized and deterministic, exact and approximate algorithms. For example if the graph has node expansion $Φ$ then we show that any deterministic $t$-probe data structure for $n$ points must use space $S$ where $(St/n)^t &gt; Φ$. We show similar results for randomized algorithms as well. These relationships can be used to derive most of the known lower bounds in the well known metric spaces such as $l_1$, $l_2$, $l_\infty$ by simply computing their expansion. In the process, we strengthen and generalize our previous results (FOCS 2008). Additionally, we unify the approach in that work and the communication complexity based approach. Our work reduces the problem of proving cell probe lower bounds of near neighbor search to computing the appropriate expansion parameter. In our results, as in all previous results, the dependence on $t$ is weak; that is, the bound drops exponentially in $t$. We show a much stronger (tight) time-space tradeoff for the class of dynamic low contention data structures. These are data structures that supports updates in the data set and that do not look up any single cell too often.