gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Administration of prostaglandin E1 in diabetics and non-diabetic patients with severe Fontaine stage IIb arterial occlusive disease]. (1991)

The success in therapy of prostaglandin E1 intra-arterially and intravenously applied to diabetics and non-diabetics with PAOD, stages IIb-IV according to Fontaine, was scrutinized in a city hospital primarily concerned with geriatrics, metabolism, and angiology. All the patients included were examined in retrospective studies with regard to the improvement of their situations during their stays in hospital and--in addition to that--a part of them prospectively some time after their stays in hospital. In all, 99 patients were included in the retrospective examination of which there were 60 diabetics and 39 non-diabetics. Of the 60 diabetics 53 were in stage IV, 5 in stage III, and 2 in stage IIb while in case of non-diabetics 26 were in stage IV, 10 in stage III, and 3 in stage IIb. 50 of the diabetics and 27 of the non-diabetics were treated intra-arterially. The prospectively orientated post-observation included 38 diabetics and 24 non-diabetics. The results of the retrospective examination revealed a significantly superior efficiency of intra-arterially applied PGE1 compared with the intravenous application, both, with regard to the reduction of needed analgesics and the improvement of the clinical situation. A comparison between intra-arterially treated diabetics and non-diabetics showed a significantly higher rate of success of the diabetics regarding to the improvement of the clinical situation. Concerning the prospective post-examination: due to their PAOD the diabetics took significantly more often analgesics at the time of their post-examination than the non-diabetics. Also concerning the development of their clinical situations the diabetics turned out to have worse results than the non-diabetics, however, the differences were not significant in this case.
Raphe Magnus Neurons Respond to Noxious Colorectal Distension (2003)

Physiological studies of neurons in raphe magnus (RM) and the adjacent nucleus reticularis magnocellularis (NRMC) have demonstrated that the response to noxious cutaneous stimulation predicts the response to opioid administration and therefore a cell's functional role in nociceptive modulation. Although visceral stimulation, like opioids, elicits antinociception, little is known about how RM and NRMC cells respond to visceral stimulation. Therefore RM and NRMC cells were tested for their responses to both colorectal distension (CRD) and noxious cutaneous heat in halothane-anesthetized rats. Less than a third of serotonergic cells responded to CRD with small increases or decreases in discharge rate. In contrast, almost two-thirds of nonserotonergic cells responded to CRD stimulation with either excitatory (35%) or inhibitory (30%) responses to CRD. The response to heat did not predict the response to CRD with nearly equal proportions of heat-excited, -inhibited, and -unaffected cells being excited, inhibited, or unaffected by CRD. The dissociation between the responses to cutaneous heat and CRD demonstrates that cell classes based on the response to noxious heat are not homogeneous and may play multiple functional roles.
Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K(HML-2) encodes a stable signal peptide with biological properties distinct from Rec (2009)

SP is a previously unrecognized HML-2 protein that, besides targeting and translocation of Env into the ER lumen, may exert biological functions distinct from Rec. HML-2 SP represents another functional similarity with the closely related Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus that encodes an Env-derived SP named p14. Our findings furthermore support the emerging concept of bioactive SPs as a conserved retroviral strategy to modulate their host cell environment, evidenced here by a "retroviral fossil". While the specific role of HML-2 SP remains to be elucidated in the context of human biology, we speculate that it may be involved in immune evasion of GCT cells or tumorigenesis.
QoE-Centric Network-Assisted Delivery of Adaptive Video Streaming Services (2019)

Video streaming traffic has gone through an impressive growth over the last ten years. This growth can be rooted back to two different causes, namely widespread content accessibility and improved delivery techniques, such as HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) and Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC). HAS techniques are widely used in Video-on-Demand and live streaming scenarios, while WebRTC is mostly used in interactive streaming applications. Both HAS and WebRTC are unfortunately still affected by several inefficiencies. In HAS, the video client is equipped with a heuristic to dynamically adapt the video quality to the available network resources. This client-based adaptation cannot always guarantee the best experience to the end users, the so-called QoE. On the other hand, WebRTC is by design peer-to-peer, which makes this technique not scalable when the number of users in the system is high. To solve these problems, this PhD thesis proposes an advanced architecture where additional intelligent components are placed in the network to support the delivery of the video. Moreover, the designed network components aim at optimizing specific QoE parameters that directly impact the users' viewing experience, rather than QoS parameters, which represent low-level network performance. This architecture has been applied, for example, to reduce playout interruptions in the video playback of HAS clients up to 45% or to increase the scalability of WebRTC systems without affecting the delivered video quality.
Portico (2011)

We present Portico, a portable system for enabling tangible interaction on and around tablet computers. Two cameras on small foldable arms are positioned above the display to recognize a variety of physical objects placed on or around the tablet. These cameras have a larger field-of-view than the screen, allowing Portico to extend interaction significantly beyond the tablet itself. Our prototype, which uses a 12" tablet, delivers an interaction space six times the size of the tablet screen. Portico thus allows tablets to extend both their sensing capabilities and interaction space without sacrificing portability. We describe the design of our system and present a number of applications that demonstrate Portico's unique capability to track objects. We focus on a number of fun applications that demonstrate how such a device can be used as a low-cost way to create personal surface computing experiences. Finally, we discuss the challenges in supporting tangible interaction beyond the screen and describe possible mechanisms for overcoming them.
Geographic Distribution and Intrabiotypic Variability of Four Soybean Aphid Biotypes (2018)

Soybean aphid ( Aphis glycines ) is an invasive species in North America. For more than a decade, scientists have been working on host plant resistance, but the frequent identification of aphid isolates resistant (virulent) to soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] traits has caused concern amongst stakeholders interested in aphid control. To explore the diversity and distribution of these virulent aphids, we sampled soybean fields throughout the north‐central United States and southern Canada from 2011 through 2013. We evaluated soybean aphid performance on soybean cultivars containing Rag1 , Rag2 , and Rag3 loci and categorized them per standard biotypes. The soybean aphid biotypes were widely distributed across the sampled region. We also used the performance test scores to study the outliers and unexpected results according to biotype. Intrabiotypic variability is common in North America.
Physical and optical properties of an antireflective layer based on SiOxNy (1997)

SiO x N y based materials were deposited at low substrate temperature (300 °C) and low pressure (0.6 Torr) in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. The precursor gases were nitrous oxide (N2O) and silane (SiH4); the ratio of the two-gas concentration N2O/SiH4=α was a critical determinant of film structure and composition. An extensive analysis of SiOxNy based materials was carried out using Fourier transform infrared, and Rutherford backscattering, and Auger and ellipsometric spectroscopies. The two-phase structure of this material was deduced. This structure favors a high silicon film concentration and provides a sufficiently absorbing layer at photolithographic wavelengths (365, 248, and 193 nm). Thanks to its optical and physical properties silicon oxynitride constitutes a good antireflective layer for photolithographic applications.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Preparation of α‐Fluorinated Propargylphosphonates and the Solid Phase Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy‐γ‐TIPS Propargylphosphonate Ester. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Silica/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite by Mechanochemical Method (2021)

Abstract Biocompatibility of Silica makes it a suitable material for biomedical applications. The main components of teeth and bones are calcium phosphate (CP). Hydroxyapatite (HA) is expected to be used in different fields not only in biomedical applications but also in agriculture as a fertilizer and pollution treatment. Various substitutions in the apatite lattice play a significant role in its properties. In the present work, Silica-50, 40, 30 and 25 mol.% Hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were prepared successfully by mechanochemical processing method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) indicated that silica stimulates the HA decomposition to β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). XRD of heat-treated compacted sample at 1200 o C confirmed β-TCP and calcium phosphate silicate phases formation. Mechanical properties decreased with decreasing HA content. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results revealed that pure HA possess the highest resistivity to corrosion, while the silica/HA samples showed lower corrosion resistance. The polarization resistance increases with HA content.
Altering document term vectors for classification (2007)

In this paper we extend the state-of-the-art in utilizing background knowledge for supervised classification by exploiting the semantic relationships between terms explicated in Ontologies. Preliminary evaluations indicate that the new approach generally improves precision and recall, more so for hard to classify cases and reveals patterns indicating the usefulness of such background knowledge.
The Mix Estimation Algorithm for Battery State-of-Charge Estimator: Analysis of the Sensitivity to Model Errors (2009)

The problem considered in this paper is the analysis of a battery State-of-Charge estimation algorithm: in particular the mix estimation algorithm. This algorithm provides the estimation mixing two estimation approaches: namely the Coulomb-Counting and the Model-Based. The mix algorithm is qualitatively able to provide a more robust and accurate estimation respect to the estimation provided by the approaches the algorithm mixes together. The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences between the three algorithms and the advantages produced by the mixing procedure. In particular the paper presents the comparison of the mix algorithm behavior with the Coulomb-Counting and the Model-Based behaviors in case of model errors.
Stability-controlled hybrid adaptive feedback cancellation scheme for hearing aids (2018)

Adaptive feedback cancellation (AFC) techniques are common in modern hearing aid devices (HADs) since these techniques have been successful in increasing the stable gain. Accordingly, there has been a significant effort to improve AFC technology, especially for open-fitting and in-ear HADs, for which howling is more prevalent due to the large acoustic coupling between the loudspeaker and the microphone. In this paper, the authors propose a hybrid AFC (H-AFC) scheme that is able to shorten the time it takes to recover from howling. The proposed H-AFC scheme consists of a switched combination adaptive filter, which is controlled by a soft-clipping-based stability detector to select either the standard normalized least mean squares (NLMS) algorithm or the prediction-error-method (PEM) NLMS algorithm to update the adaptive filter. The standard NLMS algorithm is used to obtain fast convergence, while the PEM-NLMS algorithm is used to provide a low bias solution. This stability-controlled adaptation is hence the means to improve performance in terms of both convergence rate as well as misalignment, while only slightly increasing computational complexity. The proposed H-AFC scheme has been evaluated for both speech and music signals, resulting in a significantly improved convergence and re-convergence rate, i.e., a shorter howling period, as well as a lower average misalignment and a larger added stable gain compared to using either the NLMS or the PEM-NLMS algorithm alone. An objective evaluation using the perceptual evaluation of speech quality and the perceptual evaluation of audio quality measures shows that the proposed H-AFC scheme provides very high-quality speech and music signals. This has also been verified through a subjective listening experiment with N = 15 normal-hearing subjects using a multi-stimulus test with hidden reference and anchor, showing that the proposed H-AFC scheme results in a better perceptual quality than the state-of-the-art PEM-NLMS algorithm.
Efficient modeling of a small circular loop coupling to a single wire above a lossy half-space (2015)

A low-frequency coupling model from a small circular loop antenna to a transmission line (TL) composed of a single perfect electrical conductor (PEC) wire above a lossy half-space is presented. Instead of using Sommerfeld integrals, a discrete complex images method (CIM) is utilized to calculate the electromagnetic fields produced by a horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD). The resulting currents induced on the TL are subsequently calculated and are validated with a commercial moment method code which uses numerical solutions to the Sommerfeld integral.
Organic–inorganic supramolecular solid catalyst boosts organic reactions in water (2016)

Coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks are appealing as synthetic hosts for mediating chemical reactions. Here we report the preparation of a mesoscopic metal-organic structure based on single-layer assembly of aluminium chains and organic alkylaryl spacers. The material markedly accelerates condensation reactions in water in the absence of acid or base catalyst, as well as organocatalytic Michael-type reactions that also show superior enantioselectivity when comparing with the host-free transformation. The mesoscopic phase of the solid allows for easy diffusion of products and the catalytic solid is recycled and reused. Saturation transfer difference and two-dimensional (1)H nuclear Overhauser effect NOESY NMR spectroscopy show that non-covalent interactions are operative in these host-guest systems that account for substrate activation. The mesoscopic character of the host, its hydrophobicity and chemical stability in water, launch this material as a highly attractive supramolecular catalyst to facilitate (asymmetric) transformations under more environmentally friendly conditions.
Protocols for endothelial cell isolation from mouse tissues: kidney, spleen, and testis (2021)

Endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit phenotypic and functional tissue specificities, critical for studies in the vascular field and beyond. Thus, tissue-specific methods for isolation of highly purified ECs are necessary. Kidney, spleen, and testis ECs are relevant players in health and diseases such as chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, myelofibrosis, and cancer. Here, we provide tailored protocols for rapid and reproducible EC purification established for scRNA sequencing from these adult murine tissues using the combination of magnetic- and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. For complete details on the use and execution of these protocols, please refer to Kalucka et al. (2020) and Dumas et al. (2020).
Diallyl Sulfide: Potential Use in Novel Therapeutic Interventions in Alcohol, Drugs, and Disease Mediated Cellular Toxicity by Targeting Cytochrome P450 2E1 (2015)

Diallyl sulfide (DAS) and other organosulfur compounds are chief constituents of garlic. These compounds have many health benefits, as they are very efficient in detoxifying natural agents. Therefore, these compounds may be useful for prevention/treatment of cancers. However, DAS has shown appreciable allergic reactions and toxicity, as they can also affect normal cells. Thus their use as in the prevention and treatment of cancer is limited. DAS is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), which is known to metabolize many xenobiotics including alcohol and analgesic drugs in the liver. CYP2E1-mediated alcohol/drug metabolism produce reactive oxygen species and reactive metabolites, which damage DNA, protein, and lipid membranes, subsequently causing liver damage. Several groups have shown that DAS is not only capable of inhibiting alcohol- and drug-mediated cellular toxicities, but also HIV protein- and diabetes-mediated toxicities by selectively inhibiting CYP2E1 in various cell types. However, due to known DAS toxicities, its use as a treatment modality for alcohol/drug- and HIV/diabetes-mediated toxicity have only limited clinical relevance. Therefore, effort is being made to generate DAS analogs, which are potent and selective inhibitor of CYP2E1 and poor substrate of CYP2E1. This review summarizes current advances in the field of DAS, its anticancer properties, role as a CYP2E1 inhibitor, preventing agent of cellular toxicities from alcohol, analgesic drugs, xenobiotics, as well as, from diseases like HIV and diabetes. Finally, this review also provides insights toward developing novel DAS analogues for chemical intervention of many disease conditions by targeting CYP2E1 enzyme.
New rapid, accurate T2 quantification detects pathology in normal-appearing brain regions of relapsing-remitting MS patients (2017)

The EMC algorithm precisely characterizes T<sub>2</sub> values, and is able to detect subtle T<sub>2</sub> changes in normal-appearing brain regions of RRMS patients. These presumably capture both axon and myelin changes from inflammation and neurodegeneration. Further, T<sub>2</sub> variations between different brain regions of healthy controls may correlate with distinct nervous tissue environments that differ from one another at a mesoscopic length-scale.
The efficacy and safety profile of 2-weekly dosing of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (2021)

Bevacizumab 10 mg/kg Q2W appears efficacious for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, with a manageable toxicity profile. Approval of this regimen is clinically desirable for Japanese patients with ovarian cancer.
Genetic Analysis of Inherited Leukodystrophies (2013)

These results give an indication of the frequency of CSF1R mutations in a European leukodystrophy series and expand the phenotypic spectrum of disorders that should be screened for this gene.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SLOTTED-RAIL BREAKAWAY CABLE TERMINAL (1989)

Development of the slotted-Rail Breakaway Cable Terminal (SRBCT), a low-cost end treatment for W-beam guardrails, is presented in this paper. Longitudinal slots in guardrail segments are used to weaken the W-beam for head-on impacts, thereby allowing a nearly standard BCT design to meet nationally recognized safety standards. Static and dynamic laboratory testing of buckling characteristics of modified W-beam sections are presented. Full-scale crash tests of the SRBCT are described.
Combination of optical and electronic logic gates for error correction in multipath differential demodulation (2007)

We present an optical multipath error correction technique for differentially encoded modulation formats such as differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) and differential polarization shift keying (DPolSK) for fiber-based and free-space communication. This multipath error correction method combines optical and electronic logic gates. The scheme can easily be implemented using commercially available interferometers and high speed logic gates and does not require any data overhead therefore does not affect the effective bandwidth of the transmitted data. It is not merely compatible but also complementary to error correction codes commonly used in optical transmission systems such as forward-error-correction (FEC). The technique consists of separating the demodulation at the receiver in multiple paths. Each path consists of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a different integer bit delay used in each path. Some basic logic operations follow and the three paths are compared using a simple majority vote algorithm. Experimental results show that the scheme improves receiver sensitivity by 1.5 dB at BER of 10(-3),in back-to-back configuration. Numerical results indicate a 1.6 dB improvement in the presence of Chromatic Dispersion for a 25% increase in tolerance for a 3dB penalty from +/-1220 ps/nm to +/-1520 ps/nm. and a 0.35 dB improvement for back-to-back operation.
Effects of Ion-Bombardment-Assist and High Temperature on Growth of Zinc Oxide Films by Microwave Excited High Density Plasma Enhanced Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (2009)

In this paper we describe the growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) films on a-plane sapphire substrates by plasma enhanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition (PE-MOCVD) employing microwave excited high-density plasma. In detail, we discuss the effects of ion-bombardment-assist and high temperature on structural properties, electrical properties, optical properties, impurity concentration and thermostability by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, Hall effect measurement at room temperature, photoluminescence, secondary ion mass spectrometry and thermal desorption spectroscopy. Ion-bombardment energy is controlled by the condition of radio-frequency (RF) self bias. Moderate ion-bombardment enhances crystallinity, mobility and thermostability, and reduces concentrations of carbon and hydrogen in the films. By raising the growth temperature up to 550 °C, the qualities of films are improved. High quality ZnO film was successfully grown at 550 °C, which is a relatively low temperature compared to general MOCVD. Its full width at half maximum (FWHM) of XRD (0002) rocking curve, carrier concentration and mobility are 0.12°, 5×1016/cm3, and 89 cm2/(V·s), respectively.
Slow Diffusion by Singlet State NMR Spectroscopy (2005)

Small diffusion coefficients can be measured by using populations of singlet states that have a relaxation time constant, T(s), which can be much longer than the longitudinal relaxation time, T1. Spatial information can be encoded with pulsed field gradients in the manner of stimulated echo sequences. Singlet states can be excited via double-quantum coherences to enhance the efficiency of phase encoding and decoding.
Slope error correction on X-ray reflection gratings by a variation of the local line density (2022)

The patterning of x-ray grating surfaces by electron-beam lithography offers large flexibility to realize complex optical functionalities. Here, we report on a proof-of-principle experiment to demonstrate the correction of slope errors of the substrates by modulating the local density of the grating lines. A surface error map of a test substrate was determined by optical metrology and served as the basis for an aligned exposure of a corrected grating pattern made by electron-beam lithography. The correction is done by a variation of the local line density in order to compensate for the local surface error. Measurements with synchrotron radiation and simulations in the soft X-ray range confirm that the effects of slope errors were strongly reduced over an extended wavelength range.