gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bubble formation in tissues and agar gels during ultrasonic irradiation (1986)

Ultrasound irradiation, used in either continuous or pulsed mode, at a frequency of 0.75 MHz and spatial-temporal average intensities between 60 and 1000 mW/cm2, has been shown to produce stable gas bubbles in the tissues of experimental animals [S. Daniels and G. R. ter Haar, Proc. Inst. Acoust. 8, 147–154 (1986); G. R. ter Haar, S. Daniels, and K. Morton, IEEE Trans. UFFC-33, 162–164 (1986)]. Macroscopically visible bubbles are also produced in agar gels during irradiation with ultrasound at the same frequencies and intensities used with experimental animals. The effect on the number of bubbles formed of varying ultrasonic frequency, intensity, pulse length, and duty cycle as well as ambient temperature is similar in the gels to that in animals. Many of the aspects of bubble formation in gels have been explained in a qualitative manner by a theoretical model based on growth of a cavitation nucleus by rectified diffusion. This may provide a useful theoretical basis for the explanation of bubble formation in vivo. [Work supported by MRC (UK), NSF, ONR, NIH, and CRC/MRC Joint Committee program support for the Physics Department, Institute of Cancer Research.]
Mesoporous titania nanostructures thermally stabilized by doping with “sodium oxide”† (2001)

The thermal stabilization effect of doping “sodium oxide” on mesoporous titania nanostructures has been demonstrated.
Immediately-available Input Method Using One-handed Motion in Arbitrary Postures (2014)

Abstract This paper presents an input method, which enables the user to immediately interact with services using one-handed motion in arbitrary postures. This method is mainly targeted at workers who work with dirty hands or hold tools in their hands. To allow the workers to control applications as intended without handheld devices while they operate their hand work in various postures, we propose intentional segmentation, motion trajectory estimation of the wrist, and three types of inputs using wrist motions. The segmentation controller enables users to intentionally distinguish input motion from normal hand work by the wrist state without limiting the range of upper limb motion and immediately start performing the input motion. We estimate the motion trajectories of the wrist in the input segment using inertial sensors attached to the wrist, and recognize gestures from the trajectories without training data sets. The users can control various applications by three types of inputs: continuous inputs linked to the wrist motions, discrete inputs by gestures, and specific inputs generated from these. We also developed a wristwatch-like wearable device to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Through the two experimental evaluations, we showed the ease of learning the proposed method and achieved a mean recognition rate of 94.3% in various postures for six defined gestures.
Rotational legged locomotion (2006)

In this paper we presented a novel, agile robot mechanism, which we call a rotopod, which combines aspects of wheeled and legged locomotion. A general description of how a tripedal rotopod can be made to step, rotating the mechanism about one leg, and moving the center of the mechanism, is presented. The concept of a gait for this mechanism is defined, and is used to show how extremely agile the mechanism can be. Specific resistance is employed as a way to explore the relative efficiency of this mechanism versus a wheel. Finally, we describe our first prototype rotopod and report on experiments conducted to characterize stepping
RSRP-Based LTE-WLAN Traffic Steering (2015)

The continuously growing traffic demand is pushing mobile network operators (MNOs) to investigate ways of distributing user traffic between the cellular and WLAN domain in order to boost the coverage and capacity of their systems. This paper presents an algorithm that performs traffic steering (TS) between LTE and WLAN. Results show that applying TS in the evaluated scenario improves the user and system performance, independent of network load or equipment measuring accuracy.
Infrared Light Management Using a Nanocrystalline Silicon Oxide Interlayer in Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Heterojunction Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency above 25% (2019)

Abstract Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are attractive for their potential for boosting cell efficiency beyond the crystalline silicon (Si) single‐junction limit. However, the relatively large optical refractive index of Si, in comparison to that of transparent conducting oxides and perovskite absorber layers, results in significant reflection losses at the internal junction between the cells in monolithic (two‐terminal) devices. Therefore, light management is crucial to improve photocurrent absorption in the Si bottom cell. Here it is shown that the infrared reflection losses in tandem cells processed on a flat silicon substrate can be significantly reduced by using an optical interlayer consisting of nanocrystalline silicon oxide. It is demonstrated that 110 nm thick interlayers with a refractive index of 2.6 (at 800 nm) result in 1.4 mA cm − ² current gain in the silicon bottom cell. Under AM1.5G irradiation, the champion 1 cm 2 perovskite/silicon monolithic tandem cell exhibits a top cell + bottom cell total current density of 38.7 mA cm −2 and a certified stabilized power conversion efficiency of 25.2%.
Search for quark compositeness in dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7{ } $ TeV (2012)

A bstract A search for quark compositeness using dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV is presented. The search has been carried out using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb −1 , recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Normalized dijet angular distributions have been measured for dijet invariant masses from 0.4 TeV to above 3 TeV and compared with a variety of contact interaction models, including those which take into account the effects of next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The data are found to be in agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and lower limits are obtained on the contact interaction scale, ranging from 7.5 up to 14.5 TeV at 95 % confidence level.
Cost-effective processing for Delay-sensitive applications in Cloud of Things systems (2016)

The steep rise of Internet of Things (IoT) applications along with the limitations of Cloud Computing to address all IoT requirements promotes a new distributed computing paradigm called Fog Computing, which aims to process data at the edge of the network. With the help of Fog Computing, the transmission latency and monetary spending caused by Cloud Computing can be effectively reduced. However, executing all applications in fog nodes will increase the average response time since the processing capabilities of fog is not as powerful as cloud. A tradeoff issue needs to be addressed within such systems in terms of average response time and average cost. In this paper, we develop an online algorithm, unit-slot optimization, based on the technique of Lyapunov optimization. It is a quantified near optimal solution and can online adjust the tradeoff between average response time and average cost. We evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm by a number of experiments. The experimental results not only match up the theoretical analyses properly, but also demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can provide cost-effective processing while guaranteeing average response time.
Rosiglitazone reverses endothelial dysfunction but not remodeling of femoral artery in Zucker diabetic fatty rats (2010)

The endothelial dysfunction and mechanical remodeling are observed as early as 19 weeks of age in ZDF rat. Rosi treatment for 3 weeks improves endothelial function but not mechanical properties.
HTS SQUID magnetometers with intermediate flux transformers (1997)

We have modeled and fabricated a novel HTS magnetometer with a d.c. SQUID which couples to an on-chip flux transformer via an intermediate flux transformer. This configuration allows high efficiency coupling between a 65 mm/sup 2/, 28 nH pickup loop and a low inductance (<15 pH) SQUID. The small SQUID inductance is required for low noise and high /spl part/V//spl part//spl Phi/ so that direct readout schemes may be used. The intermediate flux transformer was flip-chipped with a sub-micron separation to the main substrate. The magnetometer makes use of CAM junction technology, double thickness (/spl ap/0.7 /spl mu/m) YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ layers, and a groundplaned SQUID slot. The measured responsivity at 77 K was 0.57 mm/sup 2/ (3.6 nT//spl Phi//sub 0/) with /spl part/V//spl part//spl Phi/=98 /spl mu/V//spl Phi//sub 0/ which is close to that predicted by our model. No resonances, which degrade the performance of similarly configured LTS devices, were observed. We attribute this to the use of PrBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ as the isolation barrier. Excess white noise, probably due to Johnson noise from the PrBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/, limited the sensitivity in our first device to 33 fT//spl radic/Hz at 77 K.
Security Compliance Auditing of Identity and Access Management in the Cloud: Application to OpenStack (2015)

Cloud computing has seen a lot of interests and adoption lately. Nonetheless, the widespread adoption of cloud is still being hindered by the lack of transparency and accountability, which has traditionally been ensured through security compliance auditing techniques. Auditing in cloud, however, presents many new challenges in data collection and processing (e.g., data format inconsistency and lack of correlation due to the heterogeneity of cloud infrastructures) and in verification (e.g., prohibitive performance overhead due to the sheer scale of cloud infrastructures and their self-provisioning, elastic, and dynamic nature). In this paper, we propose a security compliance auditing framework for cloud, with special focus on identity and access management, and we implement and evaluate the framework based on OpenStack, one of the most popular cloud management systems. Our experimental results show that auditing with formal methods in large cloud environment is realistic (e.g., our auditing solution can handle 60 thousand users in less than one minute).
Engineering human-focused Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems in Industry 4.0 context (2021)

The world is increasingly interconnected, and this can also be seen in industry, where an ecosystem of digitalized assets, and humans with appropriate digital interfaces, constantly interact with each other. Digital transformation efforts in the industry rely on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems that are driven by service-based cooperation among humans and digitalized industrial assets. This implies a radical paradigm change in their engineering and operation, which is focused on the symbiosis of digitalized assets and humans that cohabit a collaboration-driven industrial ecosystem. This work discusses how a digital transformation can effectively be achieved in an industrial ecosystem via a digitalization process performed along the three dimensions of the Reference Architecture Model for Industry 4.0, facilitated by the specification, development and implementation of an Asset Administration Shell. The discussion focus is put on humans and how the digitally transformed industrial environments empower her/his capabilities and interactions. It is also critically pointed out how one should go beyond technology and consider additional aspects. Therefore, it is argued that human-centred efforts in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) should be seen in the larger context of sustainability and circular economy in order to properly consider the interplay of the involved socio-technical dimensions. This article is part of the theme issue 'Towards symbiotic autonomous systems'.
Modeling Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Fracture Networks in Shale Gas Reservoirs as a Dual Porosity System (2010)

Shale gas production from organic rich shale formations is one of the most rapidly expanding areas in oil and gas exploration and production today. Because of extremely low permeability and low porosity, long horizontal wells in conjunction with multi-staged massive hydraulic fracturing treatments (HFT) are required to bring economic productions from shale gas reservoirs. It has been recognized that extensive fracture networks with massive contact surface areas are necessary to support economic productions from these reservoirs. Existing natural fractures observed from borehole images (mostly mineral-filled) and the low contrast of minimum and maximum horizontal stresses are some of the key factors in creation of the post-HFT network fracture system in many shale gas reservoirs.Currently, comprehensive design tools for hydraulic fracturing treatments of shale gas reservoirs appear not available. These tools should have the capabilities to incorporate stress field, natural fractures and lithology heterogeneity of the reservoirs and model complicated fracture networks in shale gas reservoirs. However, microseismic mapping has been widely used to monitor hydraulic fracturing job responses, to help control job execution processes, and to evaluate stimulation results. Microseismic responses reflect the collective effects of the reservoir characteristics and hydraulic fracturing treatments, and can be indicative for the productivity of the post-HFT reservoirs.This study presents a practical methodology to model hydraulic fracturing induced fracture networks in shale gas reservoirs as a dual porosity system. This approach decouples complex reservoir characteristics and geomechanical factors from production response. Microseismic responses are used to delineate stimulated volumes from a HFT. Microseismic events and/or natural fracture intensity, along with HFT data and production history-matching analysis, provide calibration for HFT fracture intensity. The calibrated post-HFT fracture network is crucial for production prediction.
Extremely Narrowband and Cascaded Holographic Adjustable Range Tunable (ENCHART) Filter. (1995)

Abstract : In Phase I, Physical Optics Corporation's R&D Division (POC) designed and developed a new Extremely Narrowband Cascaded Holographic Adjustable Range Tunable (ENCHART) filter using two holographic Fabry Perot filters (HFPFs): a coarse filter to select the desired portion of the optical range, and an extremely narrow (0.1 A) bandwidth fine filter operating within this selected range at any arbitrary wavelength. The fine filter is an electrically tuned liquid crystal cell. All established objectives were exceeded and a proof of concept ENCHART prototype was fabricated. This technology was extended to and demonstrated in the violet blue region of the spectrum.
Spectroscopic optical coherence refraction tomography (2020)

In optical coherence tomography (OCT), the axial resolution is often superior to the lateral resolution, which is sacrificed for long imaging depths. To address this anisotropy, we previously developed optical coherence refraction tomography (OCRT), which uses images from multiple angles to computationally reconstruct an image with isotropic resolution, given by the OCT axial resolution. On the other hand, spectroscopic OCT (SOCT), an extension of OCT, trades axial resolution for spectral resolution and hence often has superior lateral resolution. Here, we present spectroscopic OCRT (SOCRT), which uses SOCT images from multiple angles to reconstruct a spectroscopic image with isotropic spatial resolution limited by the OCT lateral resolution. We experimentally show that SOCRT can estimate bead size based on Mie theory at simultaneously high spectral and isotropic spatial resolution. We also applied SOCRT to a biological sample, achieving axial resolution enhancement limited by the lateral resolution.
Sequence Evidence for Sporadic Intergeneric DNA Introgression from Wheat into a Wild Aegilops Species (2005)

Introgressive hybridization has played a crucial role in the evolution of many plant species, especially polyploids. The duplicated genetic material and wide geographical distribution facilitate hybridization and introgression among polyploid species having either homologous or homoeologous genomes. Such introgression may lead to the production of recombinant genomes that are more difficult to form at the diploid level. Crop genes that have introgressed into wild relatives can increase the capability of the wild relatives to adapt to agricultural environments and compete with crops or to compete with other wild species. Although the transfer of genes from crops into their conspecific immediate wild progenitors has been reported, little is known about spontaneous gene movement from crops to more distantly related species. We describe recent spontaneous DNA introgression from domesticated polyploid wheat into distantly related, wild tetraploid Aegilops peregrina (syn. Aegilops variabilis) and the stabilization of this sequence in wild populations despite not having homologous chromosomes. Our results show that DNA can spontaneously introgress between homoeologous genomes of species of the tribe Triticeae and, in the case of crop-wild relatives, possibly enrich the wild population. These results also emphasize the need for fail-safe mechanisms in transgenic crops to prevent gene flow where there may be ecological risks.
UH-PRHLT at SemEval-2016 Task 3: Combining Lexical and Semantic-based Features for Community Question Answering (2018)

In this work we describe the system built for the three English subtasks of the SemEval 2016 Task 3 by the Department of Computer Science of the University of Houston (UH) and the Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technology (PRHLT) research center - Universitat Polit`ecnica de Val`encia: UH-PRHLT. Our system represents instances by using both lexical and semantic-based similarity measures between text pairs. Our semantic features include the use of distributed representations of words, knowledge graphs generated with the BabelNet multilingual semantic network, and the FrameNet lexical database. Experimental results outperform the random and Google search engine baselines in the three English subtasks. Our approach obtained the highest results of subtask B compared to the other task participants.
Chromium silicalite-2 (CrS-2): an efficient catalyst for the direct oxidation of primary amines to nitro compounds with TBHP (1995)

A chromium-containing medium-pore molecular sieve (Si:Cr > 140:1) having MEL (CrS-2) topology efficiently catalyses the direct oxidation of various primary amines to the corresponding nitro compounds using 70%tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant.
Rapid Implementation of a Transdisciplinary Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Program at a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center: An Interim Analysis (2018)

Goel, Neha MD; Li, Tianyu MS; Ward, William H. MD; Manstein, Samuel M.; Kutikov, Alexander MD, FACS; Chu, Christina S. MD; Ross, Eric PhD; Uzzo, Robert G. MD, FACS; Esnaola, Nestor F. MD, MPH, MBA, FACS Author Information
Canadian Association for Immunization Research and Evaluation (CAIRE) Guidelines for Industry Sponsored Clinical Trial and Epidemiology Contract Research (2005)

In response to concerns about interactions of academic and public health investigators with industry, the Canadian Association for Immunization Research and Evaluation (CAIRE), in collaboration with six major vaccine manufacturers, developed guidelines for participation in industry-sponsored clinical trial and epidemiology contract research within Canada. Topics addressed include definition of investigators, data ownership, protocol development, data management, data analysis, producing a study report and publication of the results of the study.
Human brain harbors single nucleotide somatic variations in functionally relevant genes possibly mediated by oxidative stress (2016)

<ns4:p>Somatic variation in DNA can cause cells to deviate from the preordained genomic path in both disease and healthy conditions. Here, using exome sequencing of paired tissue samples, we show that the normal human brain harbors somatic single base variations measuring up to 0.48% of the total variations. Interestingly, about 64% of these somatic variations in the brain are expected to lead to non-synonymous changes, and as much as 87% of these represent G:C&gt;T:A transversion events. Further, the transversion events in the brain were mostly found in the frontal cortex, whereas the corpus callosum from the same individuals harbors the reference genotype. We found a significantly higher amount of 8-OHdG (oxidative stress marker) in the frontal cortex compared to the corpus callosum of the same subjects (p&lt;0.01), correlating with the higher G:C&gt;T:A transversions in the cortex. We found significant enrichment for axon guidance and related pathways for genes harbouring somatic variations. This could represent either a directed selection of genetic variations in these pathways or increased susceptibility of some loci towards oxidative stress. This study highlights that oxidative stress possibly influence single nucleotide somatic variations in normal human brain.</ns4:p>
1,2‐Cyclic Sulfamidates as Versatile Precursors to Thiomorpholines and Piperazines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Block Copolymers for Fuel Cells (2010)

Ion-containing block copolymers hold promise as next-generation proton exchange membranes in hydrogen and methanol fuel cells. These materials’ self-assembled ordered nanostructures facilitate proton transport over a wide range of conditions, a requirement for robust fuel cell performance. In this perspective, we will present an overview of the morphology and transport properties of ion-containing block copolymers that have been studied to gain insight into the fundamental behavior of these materials and, in some cases, are targeted toward applications in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices. We will discuss the challenges associated with predicting and obtaining well-ordered morphologies in block copolymers with high ion content, particularly those with chemistries that can withstand the chemical and mechanical stresses of the fuel cell, such as aromatic backbone block copolymers. New opportunities for ion-containing block copolymers in alkaline membrane fuel cells will also be reviewed.
Fluorescence Energy Transfer from Fluorescein to Tetramethylrhodamine Covalently Bound to the Surface of Polystyrene Latex Particles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence Energy Transfer from Fluorescein to Tetramethylrhodamine Covalently Bound to the Surface of Polystyrene Latex ParticlesMarie-Therese Charreyre, Ahmad Yekta, Mitchell A. Winnik, Thierry Delair, and Christian PichotCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 7, 2423–2428Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00007a019https://doi.org/10.1021/la00007a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views443Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts