gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
29.5-$\hbox{Gb/in}^{2}$ Recording Areal Density on Barium Ferrite Tape (2011)

The recording performance of a new magnetic tape based on ultra-fine, perpendicularly-oriented BaFe particles was investigated. Specifically, using a low lateral tape motion demonstration platform, a new servo pattern written on the advanced perpendicularly oriented BaFe medium, a new low friction head technology, a novel synchronous servo channel design, and advanced servo control concepts, we were able to demonstrate a record closed-loop track-follow performance with a 23.4 nm standard deviation of position-error signal, roughly one order of magnitude better than in current tape products. In addition, using read back waveforms captured on the same advanced perpendicularly oriented BaFe medium with a 0.2-μm -wide data reader, we demonstrated write/read performance at 518 kbpi using advanced noise-predictive maximum likelihood (NPML) detection schemes. Combining these two results, we estimate that the new medium can support an areal recording density of up to 29.5 Gb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . This result demonstrates the scalability and extendability of tape technology using low-cost particulate media.
Inhibition of Myostatin Signaling through Notch Activation following Acute Resistance Exercise (2013)

Myostatin is a TGFβ family member and negative regulator of muscle size. Due to the complexity of the molecular pathway between myostatin mRNA/protein and changes in transcription, it has been difficult to understand whether myostatin plays a role in resistance exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. To circumvent this problem, we determined the expression of a unique myostatin target gene, Mighty, following resistance exercise. Mighty mRNA increased by 6 h (82.9 ± 24.21%) and remained high out to 48 h (56.5 ± 19.67%) after resistance exercise. Further examination of the soleus, plantaris and tibialis anterior muscles showed that the change in Mighty mRNA at 6 h correlated with the increase in muscle size associated with this protocol (R(2) = 0.9996). The increase in Mighty mRNA occurred both independent of Smad2 phosphorylation and in spite of an increase in myostatin mRNA (341.8 ± 147.14% at 3 h). The myostatin inhibitor SKI remained unchanged. However, activated Notch, another potential inhibitor of TGFβ signaling, increased immediately following resistance exercise (83 ± 11.2%) and stayed elevated out to 6 h (78 ± 16.6%). Electroportion of the Notch intracellular domain into the tibialis anterior resulted in an increase in Mighty mRNA (63 ± 13.4%) that was equivalent to the canonical Notch target HES-1 (94.4 ± 7.32%). These data suggest that acute resistance exercise decreases myostatin signaling through the activation of the TGFβ inhibitor Notch resulting in a decrease in myostatin transcriptional activity that correlates well with muscle hypertrophy.
Integrative Analyses of De Novo Mutations Provide Deeper Biological Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder (2018)

Recent studies have established important roles of de novo mutations (DNMs) in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Here, we analyze DNMs in 262 ASD probands of Japanese origin and confirm the "de novo paradigm" of ASDs across ethnicities. Based on this consistency, we combine the lists of damaging DNMs in our and published ASD cohorts (total number of trios, 4,244) and perform integrative bioinformatics analyses. Besides replicating the findings of previous studies, our analyses highlight ATP-binding genes and fetal cerebellar/striatal circuits. Analysis of individual genes identified 61 genes enriched for damaging DNMs, including ten genes for which our dataset now contributes to statistical significance. Screening of compounds altering the expression of genes hit by damaging DNMs reveals a global downregulating effect of valproic acid, a known risk factor for ASDs, whereas cardiac glycosides upregulate these genes. Collectively, our integrative approach provides deeper biological and potential medical insights into ASDs.
Nonparametric Max-Margin Matrix Factorization for Collaborative Prediction (2012)

We present a probabilistic formulation of max-margin matrix factorization and build accordingly a nonparametric Bayesian model which automatically resolves the unknown number of latent factors. Our work demonstrates a successful example that integrates Bayesian nonparametrics and max-margin learning, which are conventionally two separate paradigms and enjoy complementary advantages. We develop an efficient variational algorithm for posterior inference, and our extensive empirical studies on large-scale MovieLens and EachMovie data sets appear to justify the aforementioned dual advantages. 1
Cardioprotection by Adenosine A2A Agonists in a Canine Model of Myocardial Stunning Produced by Multiple Episodes of Transient Ischemia (2007)

ABSTRACT We sought to determine whether the administration of a very low, nonvasodilating dose of a highly selective adenosine A 2A receptor agonist (ATL-193 or ATL-146e) would be cardioprotective in a canine model of myocardial stunning produced by multiple episodes of transient ischemia. Twenty-four anesthetized open-chest dogs underwent either 4 (n=12) or 10 cycles (n=12) of 5-minute left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusions interspersed by 5 or 10 minutes of reperfusion. LV thickening was measured beginning at baseline and continuing for 180 minutes after the last occlusion/reperfusion cycle. Regional flow was measured with microspheres. In 12 of 24 dogs, the A 2A receptor agonist was infused intravenously beginning 2 min prior to occlusion #1 and continuing throughout reperfusion at a dose below that which produces vasodilatation (0.01 µg/kg/min). Myocardial flow was similar between control and A 2A receptor agonist-treated animals confirming the absence of A 2
Network failure detection system for traffic control using social information in large-scale disasters (2015)

When the Great East Japan Earthquake occurred in 2011, it was difficult to grasp all network conditions immediately using only information from sensors because the damage was considerably heavy and the severe congestion control state occurred. Moreover, at the time of the earthquake, telephone and Internet could not be used in many cases, although Twitter was still available. In an emergency, such as an earthquake, users take an interest in the network condition and provide information on networks proactively through social media. Therefore, the collective intelligence of Twitter is suitable as a means of information detection complementary to conventional observation. In this paper, we propose a network failure detection system that detects candidates of failures of telephony infrastructure by utilizing the collective intelligence of social networking services. By using this system, more information, which is useful for traffic control, can be detected.
Origine et évolution du VIH et des lentivirus (2002)

Classification des lentivirus de primates Il existe 2 types de virus de l'immunodeficience humaine (VIH), soit VIH-1 et VIH-2. Les VIH du type 1 peuvent se diviser en trois groupes [1, 2]. Le groupe M (principal ou main) represente la majorite des souches isolees dans le monde. Le groupe O (externe ou outlier) represente une minorite de souches identifiees dans l'Ouest de l'Afrique [...]
Increased charge carrier mobility and molecular packing of a solution sheared diketopyrrolopyrrole-based donor–acceptor copolymer by alkyl side chain modification (2019)

Side chain extension leads to improved charge carrier mobility in diketopyrrolopyrrole-based donor–acceptor copolymers.
Self-assembly of peptide-amphiphile nanofibers under physiological conditions (2023)

Peptide amphiphile compounds, compositions and methods for self-assembly or nanofibrous network formation under neutral or physiological conditions.
Evolution of Moiré Profiles from van der Waals Superstructures of Boron Nitride Nanosheets (2016)

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) superstructures, or vdW solids, are formed by the precise restacking of 2D nanosheet lattices, which can lead to unique physical and electronic properties that are not available in the parent nanosheets. Moiré patterns formed by the crystalline mismatch between adjacent nanosheets are the most direct features for vdW superstructures under microscopic imaging. In this article, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of hexagonal Moiré patterns with unusually large micrometer-sized lateral areas (up to ~1 μm(2)) and periodicities (up to ~50 nm) from restacking of liquid exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) is reported. This observation was attributed to the long range crystallinity and the contaminant-free surfaces of these chemically inert nanosheets. Parallel-line-like Moiré fringes with similarly large periodicities were also observed. The simulations and experiments unambiguously revealed that the hexagonal patterns and the parallel fringes originated from the same rotationally mismatched vdW stacking of BNNSs and can be inter-converted by simply tilting the TEM specimen following designated directions. This finding may pave the way for further structural decoding of other 2D vdW superstructure systems with more complex Moiré images.
Supplementary Figure S7 from Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The gating ancestry for the populations in the study of 4T1 model&lt;/p&gt;
Probing the dielectric response of polyurethane/alumina nanocomposites (2010)

Abstract The dielectric properties of polyurethane (PUR) latex–boehmite alumina nanocomposites were investigated by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the temperature range −100 °C to 70 °C. The concentration of the filler (alumina) was kept constant at 10 phr for all specimens, whereas the mean particle diameter (namely 220, 90, and 25 nm) of the incorporated nanoparticles varied accordingly. For reasons of comparison, pure PUR was also examined. Four distinct relaxation modes were recorded in the spectra of all systems. They were attributed to interfacial polarization, glass transition (α‐relaxation), local motions of polar side groups, and chain segments (β‐relaxation and γ‐relaxation). All four relaxation processes exhibit a symmetric distribution of relaxation times, which in the case of interfacial polarization, becomes narrower. The intensity of interfacial polarization increases with the reduction of the mean particle diameter indicating enhanced interfacial area. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Learning to Sample for Sparse Signals (2022)

Finite-rate-of-innovation (FRI) signals are ubiquitous in radar, ultrasound, and time of flight imaging applications. In this paper, we propose a model-based deep learning approach to jointly design the subsampling and reconstruction of FRI signals. Specifically, our framework is a combination of a greedy subsampling algorithm and a learning-based sparse recovery method. Unlike existing learning-based techniques, the proposed algorithm can flexibly handle changes in the sampling rate and does not suffer from differentiability issues during training. Moreover, exact knowledge of the FRI pulse is not required. Numerical results show that the proposed joint design leads to lower reconstruction error for FRI signals compared with existing benchmark methods for a given number of samples. The method can easily adapt to other sparse recovery problems.
Figure S8 from Inhibiting ERK5 Overcomes Breast Cancer Resistance to Anti-HER2 Therapy By Targeting the G<sub>1</sub>–S Cell-Cycle Transition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AX-15836 and BIX-02189 reproduce the inhibitory effect of JWG-045 on the level of phospho-RB and MDA-MB-361 cell density.&lt;/p&gt;
SU‐CC‐J‐6C‐07: Helical Cone‐Beam CT for Radiation Therapy (2005)

Purpose: To develop the helical cone‐beam scanning capability on a simulator CT system and apply a recently developed backprojection‐filtration (BPF) algorithm to reconstruct exact 3D images from data obtained in this system. Method and Materials: Helical cone‐beam CT is an emerging technology with many advantages over conventional CT scans, such as fast volume coverage speed, efficient use of x‐ray power, and sufficient data for exact 3D image reconstruction. We developed the helical cone‐beam capability on a simulator CT device (Acuity, Varian Medical Systems), which includes a kV x‐ray source, a patient couch, and an amorphous silicon flat‐panel detector (Varian PaxScan 4030CB). We fabricated a small motorized leadscrew mechanism on the couch of the Acuity, which allows for longitudinal translation of the patient couch at a constant speed as the gantry rotates. We applied the BPF algorithm to reconstruct exact 3D images from data obtained in this system. Results: A CatPhan phantom was used for data acquisition. 683 projection data were collected during a one‐turn gantry rotation while the couch was translated longitudinally with a helical pitch of 187.2 mm. The x‐ray source was operated at 125 kVp and 560 mAs. Before projection data were used for reconstruction, a number of corrections were performed, such as bad pixel, dark field, flood field, detector sag. We also applied simple corrections for beam hardening and scattering. 3D images were reconstructed from the corrected data by use of the BPF algorithm. Conclusion: We have developed for the first time the helical scanning capability on a simulator cone‐beam CT system and performed a preliminary phantom study. The BPF algorithm was used to reconstruct exact 3D images from the helical cone‐beam data. Such approach can readily be extended to cone‐beam CT components on a LINAC to provide more accurate image representations of the patient.
Non‐equilibrium phase behavior of diblock copolymer melts and binary blends in the intermediate segregation regime (1999)

The phase behavior of intermediately segregated (N ϭ 45) poly(ethylene)poly(ethylethylene) (PE-PEE) diblock copolymers and PE-PEE binary blends are characterized using transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering.Surprisingly, the preparation-dependent, nonequilibrium phase behavior can be overwhelming even at this degree of segregation.A pure diblock with a poly(ethylene) volume fraction of f PE ϭ 0.46 exhibited coexisting lamellae and perforated layers when prepared using a precipitation technique, but contained only the lamellar morphology when solvent cast.This preparation dependence was more dramatic in binary diblock copolymer blends with average compositions of ͗f PE ͘ ϭ 0.44, 0.46, and 0.48.Precipitated blends exhibited a microphase separated structure that was disordered and bicontinuous; however, solvent cast samples exhibited either a cylindrical, coexisting cylindrical and lamellar, or lamellar morphology.This nonequilibrium behavior is attributed to the high degree of segregation and the proximity to the cylinder/lamellae phase boundary.
Effects of thermal annealing on oxygen related centers in GaAs (1991)

Infrared absorption measurements in the 600–1300 cm−1 range of oxygen doped bulk GaAs crystals are presented. Nine different absorption bands have been observed and the effect of thermal treatment on their intensity investigated. Short term annealing (5 min) followed by quenching resulted in either partial or complete disappearance of absorption lines located at 604.8, 730.8, 794.3, 1084.2, 1092.0, and 1114.3 cm−1 and have been interpreted as being due to the dissolution of the complexes involving oxygen atoms. In parallel to this dissolution, there was a corresponding increase of concentration of isolated interstitial oxygen released from those complexes. In particular, it has been determined that the oxygen related center responsible for the 730.8 cm−1 triplet dissociates with an activation energy of 3.8 eV. The results of long term annealing (14 h) are consistent with the above interpretation. The concentration of simple defects, interstitial oxygen, and Ga-O-Ga(1) center, is decreasing in the temperature range of 600–700 °C due to formation of complexes with other impurities and defects. In the same temperature range, the intensity of high energy lines: 1084.2, 1092.0, and 1114.3 cm−1, lines increased by about 50%. These lines most likely originate from silicon-oxygen and/or aluminum-oxygen pairs.
Synthesis and Biophysical Studies on 35‐Deoxy Amphotericin B Methyl Ester (2009)

The use of molecular editing in the elucidation of the mechanism of action of amphotericin B is presented. A modular strategy for the synthesis of amphotericin B and its designed analogues is developed, which relies on an efficient gram-scale synthesis of various subunits of amphotericin B. A novel method for the coupling of the mycosamine to the aglycone was identified. The implementation of the approach has enabled the preparation of 35-deoxy amphotericin B methyl ester. Investigation of the antifungal activity and efflux-inducing ability of this amphotericin B congener provided new clues to the role of the 35-hydroxy group and is consistent with the involvement of double barrel ion channels in causing electrolyte efflux.
The vibrational spectrum of an isotopically disordered crystal (1966)

Abstract The vibrational spectrum has been calculated for an isotopically disordered cubic Bravais crystal in which a fraction q of the atoms have mass M′ and the remainder have mass M. The calculation is valid for all q and is correct to third order in the parameter λ=M/M′ − 1. Numerical results are presented for a face-centred cubic crystal with central forces between nearest and next-nearest neighbour atoms and with M′=1·15M.
Effect of Portulaca Oleracea L. extract on functional constipation (2022)

: Compared to placebo, the use of P. oleracea in patients with functional constipation significantly improved CSBM, severity of symptoms, and quality of life. Further large studies are required to assess the benefits of P. oleracea in the treatment of functional constipation.
Sustainable Li‐Ion Batteries: Chemistry and Recycling (2020)

Abstract The commercial breakthrough of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) in the 1990s irrevocably shaped today's energy storage landscape, but the disposed batteries represent a growing hazard to the environment. One may initially assume that recycling processes are commendable technologies to ensure a counterbalance to LIBs manufacturing. However, the question remains whether current state‐of‐the‐art in LIBs recycling technologies can be considered as green. This problem is due to the application of toxic chemicals or the in situ generation of harmful substances during the recycling process. Besides the potential toxicity, current solutions are accompanied with intense energy consumption, causing carbon dioxide emissions, in disagreement with the circular economy principles. This review provides a critical assessment of both published research articles and patents to derive a broad picture on the sustainability of LIBs recycling technologies. Although the efficiency of industrially applied recycling technologies can exhibit a high overall efficiency, their general process design is generally based on waste reduction and downcycling. Contrariwise, sustainable recycling of LIBs should rely on circular processes ensuring upcycling of all materials toward zero waste and minimized energy utilization. Current solutions and expected development in LIBs recycling are presented, ranging from dismantling over components separation to application of bioderived materials.
Detection of long wavelength infrared at moderate temperatures (1977)

Technical approaches for the advanced development of 8-12 micrometer detectors operating at elevated temperatures were defined. The theoretical limits to performance of 8-12 micrometer quantum detectors (photoconductive and photovoltaic) and thermal detectors (pyroelectrics, bolometers etc). An analytic model of signal and noise in both quantum detectors and pyroelectric detectors was developed and candidate materials for both detector types were identified and examined. The present status of both quantum and thermal detectors was assessed as well as the parameters limiting operating temperature and detectivity. The areas of research and development likely to lead to detector performance near the theoretical limit are identified.
SU-G-BRB-07: Developing a QA Procedure for Gated VMAT SABR Treatments Using 10 MV Beam in Flattening-Filter Free Mode (2016)

Purpose: To develop a QA procedure for gated VMAT stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) treatments. Methods: An interface was constructed to attach the translational stage of a Quasar respiratory motion phantom to a pinpoint ion chamber insert and move the ion chamber inside an ArcCheck diode array. The Quasar phantom controller used a patient specific breathing pattern to translate the ion chamber in a superior-inferior direction inside the ArcCheck. An amplitude-based RPM tracking system was specified to turn the beam on during the exhale phase of the breathing pattern. SABR plans were developed using Eclipse for liver PTVs ranging in size from 3-12 cm in diameter using a 2-arc VMAT technique. Dose was measured in the middle of the penumbra region, where the high dose gradient allowed for sensitive detection of any inaccuracies in gated dose delivery. The overall fidelity of the dose distribution was confirmed using ArcCheck. The sensitivity of the gating QA procedure was investigated with respect to the following four parameters: PTV size, duration of exhale, baseline drift, and gating window size. Results: The difference between the measured dose to a point in the penumbra and the Eclipse calculated dose was under 2% for small residual motions. The QA procedure was independent of PTV size and duration of exhale. Baseline drift and gating window size, however, significantly affected the penumbral dose measurement, with differences of up to 30% compared to Eclipse. Conclusion: This study described a highly sensitive QA procedure for gated VMAT SABR treatments. The QA outcome was dependent on the gating window size and baseline drift. Analysis of additional patient breathing patterns will be required to determine a clinically relevant gating window size and an appropriate tolerance level for this procedure.
Participation of Non-Zinc Finger Residues in DNA Binding by Two Nuclear Orphan Receptors (1992)

Steroid-thyroid hormone receptors typically bind as dimers to DNA sequences that contain repeated elements termed half-sites. NGFI-B, an early response protein and orphan member of this receptor superfamily, binds to a DNA sequence that contains only one half-site (5'-AAAGGTCA-3'). A domain separate from the NGFI-B zinc fingers, termed the A box, was identified and is required for recognition of the two adenine-thymidine (A-T) base pairs at the 5' end of the NGFI-B DNA binding element. In addition, a domain downstream of the zinc fingers of the orphan receptor H-2 region II binding protein, termed the T box, determined binding to tandem repeats of the estrogen receptor half-site (5'-AGGTCA-3').
Third order Bragg grating filters in small SOI waveguides (2007)

Third order grating filters fabricated in small Silicon-on-Insulator rib waveguides are demonstrated. Variations in grating etch depth and duty cycle are considered, and a maximum experimental reflection of 42% is demonstrated for gratings of 1500 µ m in length, with a grating period of approximately 689 nm and an etch depth of 200 nm. Agreement with modeling is shown to be good.