gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insight Into the Interaction Between Flow Field and Acoustic Field of Turning Flow Into a Side Branch Against a Deadleg (2022)

Abstract Acoustic resonances in internal flows can cause noise, vibration, and even equipment damage. One geometry prone to acoustic resonance is a deadleg at the point where the main flow turns into a side branch. Here, we report experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of flow-generated pulsation in such a geometry over a wide range of mean flow velocities. Experimental results of the normalized pulsation pressure amplitudes (P*) versus Strouhal number characterized the flow–acoustic field for acoustically tuned and detuned systems and for branch to main pipe diameter ratio of 1.0. The unsteady CFD simulations revealed the characteristic volume integral of the cross-product of the vorticity field and the velocity field (ω×U) in the vicinity of the T-junction which helped in quantifying the acoustic source power for different conditions. In addition, the cross-product (ω×U) in the direction along the main line is almost exactly out of phase with the acoustic velocity at the T-junction. The pressure amplitude at the closed end of the deadleg reaches maximum when two conditions are met: (i) the system overall acoustic resonance frequency matches closely the frequency of the oscillating component of the cross-product (ω×U) characterized by a Strouhal number and (ii) the deadleg length is tuned to an odd number of ¼ wavelength of this frequency such that maximum acoustic velocity is reached at the T-junction. Synchronized images generated from the unsteady CFD simulations revealed valuable insight into the velocity and vorticity field in the region of the T-junction in support of Howe's acoustic source power equation.
WE‐AB‐202‐02: Incorporating Regional Ventilation Function in Predicting Radiation Fibrosis After Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Lung Cancer (2016)

Purpose: To investigate the incorporation of pre‐therapy regional ventilation function in predicting radiation fibrosis (RF) in stage III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with concurrent thoracic chemoradiotherapy. Methods: 37 stage III NSCLC patients were retrospectively studied. Patients received one cycle of cisplatin‐gemcitabine, followed by two to three cycles of cisplatin‐etoposide concurrently with involved‐field thoracic radiotherapy between 46 and 66 Gy (2 Gy per fraction). Pre‐therapy regional ventilation images of the lung were derived from 4DCT via a density‐change‐based image registration algorithm with mass correction. RF was evaluated at 6‐months post‐treatment using radiographic scoring based on airway dilation and volume loss. Three types of ipsilateral lung metrics were studied: (1) conventional dose‐volume metrics (V20, V30, V40, and mean‐lung‐dose (MLD)), (2) dose‐function metrics (fV20, fV30, fV40, and functional mean‐lung‐dose (fMLD) generated by combining regional ventilation and dose), and (3) dose‐subvolume metrics (sV20, sV30, sV40, and subvolume mean‐lung‐dose (sMLD) defined as the dose‐volume metrics computed on the sub‐volume of the lung with at least 60% of the quantified maximum ventilation status). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictability of these metrics for RF. Results: In predicting airway dilation, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values for (V20, MLD), (fV20, fMLD), and (sV20, and sMLD) were (0.76, 0.70), (0.80, 0.74) and (0.82, 0.80), respectively. The logistic regression p‐values were (0.09, 0.18), (0.02, 0.05) and (0.004, 0.006), respectively. With regard to volume loss, the corresponding AUC values for these metrics were (0.66, 0.57), (0.67, 0.61) and (0.71, 0.69), and p‐values were (0.95, 0.90), (0.43, 0.64) and (0.08, 0.12), respectively. Conclusion: The inclusion of regional ventilation function improved predictability of radiation fibrosis. Dose‐subvolume metrics provided a promising method for incorporating functional information into the conventional dose‐volume parameters for outcome assessment.
Geiger-mode APD cameras for 3D LADAR imaging (2013)

We describe recent results and a longer term roadmap for single-photon sensitive Geiger-mode avalanche diode cameras. These cameras employ time-of-flight measurements at every pixel to generate point cloud data for 3D imaging LADAR systems. Article not available.
From Macro- to Microscale: A combined modelling approach for near-surface wind flow on Mars at sub-dune length-scales (2022)

The processes that initiate and sustain sediment transport which contribute to the modification of aeolian deposits in Mars' low-density atmosphere are still not fully understood despite recent atmospheric modelling. However, detailed microscale wind flow modelling, using Computational Fluid Dynamics at a resolution of &lt;2 m, provides insights into the near-surface processes that cannot be modeled using larger-scale atmospheric modeling. Such Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations cannot by themselves account for regional-scale atmospheric circulations or flow modifications induced by regional km-scale topography, although realistic fine-scale mesoscale atmospheric modeling can. Using the output parameters from mesoscale simulations to inform the input conditions for the Computational Fluid Dynamics microscale simulations provides a practical approach to simulate near-surface wind flow and its relationship to very small-scale topographic features on Mars, particularly in areas which lack in situ rover data. This paper sets out a series of integrated techniques to enable a multi-scale modelling approach for surface airflow to derive surface airflow dynamics at a (dune) landform scale using High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment derived topographic data. The work therefore provides a more informed and realistic Computational Fluid Dynamics microscale modelling method, which will provide more detailed insight into the surface wind forcing of aeolian transport patterns on martian surfaces such as dunes.
Ring-opening of enantiomerically pure oxa-containing heterocycles with phosphorus nucleophiles (2014)

Various oxa-containing heterocycles (i.e. enantiopure epoxide- and oxetane-based substrates) were subjected to ring-opening with phosphorus nucleophiles. The ring-opening reactions proceeded smoothly and the resulting 1,2-, and 1,3-phosphino alcohols were efficiently isolated as stable borane complexes. These derivatives arise from regio- and stereocontrolled syntheses based on ring-opening processes of oxa-containing heterocycles. The regio- and stereochemistry of the resulting chiral products were unequivocally confirmed in many cases via single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
C–H bond activation reactions by TpMe2Ir(iii) centres. Generation of Fischer-type carbenes and development of a catalytic system for H/D exchange (2003)

The unsaturated [TpMe2Ir(C6H5)2] fragment, readily generated from [TpMe2Ir(C6H5)2(N2)], or from [TpMe2Ir(C2H4)2] and C6H6, is able to induce the regioselective cleavage of two sp3 C–H bonds of anisole, with formation of a Fischer-type carbene, 1. The process involves additionally ortho-metallation of the anisole aromatic ring, hence three C–H bonds are sequentially broken, the last one in the course of an α-H elimination reaction. Phenetole (ethyl phenyl ether) gives an analogous product, 3, despite the possibility of competitive α- or β-H eliminations in the last step. For C6H5NMe2, two hydride-carbenes, 5a and 5b, are produced. In the latter, the aniline phenyl ring is also metallated, but the former contains a C6H5 aryl group and a C6H5N(Me)CH carbene ligand. The same Ir(III) fragment, viz. [TpMe2Ir(C6H5)2], alternatively generated from C6H6 and [TpMe2Ir(η4-CH2C(Me)C(Me)CH2)], accomplishes the efficient, catalytic H/D exchange between C6D6 (used as the deuterium source) and a variety of organic and organometallic molecules that contain C–H bonds of different nature.
Multi-Tier Cooperative Broadcasting with Hierarchical Modulations (2007)

We consider broadcasting to multiple destinations with uneven quality receivers. Based on their quality of reception, we group destinations in tiers and transmit using hierarchical modulations. These modulations are known to offer a practical means of achieving variable error protection of the broadcasted information to receivers of variable quality. After the initial broadcasting step, tiers successively re-broadcast part of the information they received from tiers of higher-quality to tiers with lower reception capabilities. This multi-tier cooperative broadcasting strategy can accommodate variable rate and error performance for different tiers but requires complex demodulation steps. To cope with this complexity in demodulation, we derive simplified per-tier detection schemes with performance close to maximum-likelihood and ability to collect the diversity provided as symbols propagate through diversified channels across successive broadcastings. Error performance is analyzed and compared to (non)-cooperative broadcasting strategies. Simulations corroborate our theoretical findings.
Investigation of the development of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/- mice using multi-modality imaging techniques in a longitudinal study (2008)

716 Objectives: The objective is to study longitudinally the development and characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/- mice using multi-modality imaging techniques. Methods: Seven groups of three ApoE-/- mice were fed with high fat diet that accelerates the growth of plaques starting at ~5-week of age and were imaged routinely at 2-3 weeks intervals using high-resolution Tc-99m Annexin-V pinhole (PH) SPECT (with ~1.25 mm resolution), contrast enhanced (CE) CT and US techniques till ~30-week. Autoradiography and histology data of the excised aorta were obtained after the last imaging point of each animal. The Annexin-V targets apoptosis involved in the development of plaques and the registered CE CT images identify the location of the plaques, initially in the aortic arch and later also in the descending aorta. US was used to demonstrate growth of plaque and narrowing of blood vessels over time. A high-resolution MRI technique (~250micron) was added to visualize the aortic vessel wall. Also, FDG PET imaging was attempted to image inflammation in the plaques. Results: Most of the Tc-99m Annexin-V SPECT and CT images show increased apoptosis in plaques in the aorta over time. This was confirmed by autoradiography and histological data. In some cases, we found a decrease in the Annexin-V uptake concentration at later time points and calcium deposits in CT images. High-resolution MR images showed regional thickening of the vessel wall in ApeE-/- mice with demonstrated plaque growths with SPECT and US. Conclusions: The multimodality imaging techniques provide a powerful tool to investigate the development and characterization of plaques in ApoE-/- mice over time. Research Support: NIH EB1558
Sharing and exploring sensor streams over geocentric interfaces (2008)

We present SenseWeb, an open and scalable infrastructure for sharing and geocentric exploration of sensor data streams. SenseWeb allows sensor owners to share data streams across multiple applications and users, thus amortizing sensor deployment costs effectively. It also provides mechanisms to transparently index and cache data, to process spatio-temporal queries on real-time and historic data, and to aggregate and present results on a geocentric web interface. In this paper, we present the architecture of SenseWeb, its techniques to enable global sharing of heterogeneous sensors, and its mapbased front-end for spatio-temporal data exploration. We enable interactive geocentric data exploration in the mapbased front-end using techniques for rapidly changing map overlaid visualizations of numerous data streams. We also demonstrate flexibility and scalability of the architecture by evaluating a deployed prototype of SenseWeb, which has been publicly available since March 2008.
Magnetic microstructures in nano-granular CoPt-Al-O thin films studied by electron holography and Lorentz microscopy (2005)

TEM measurements are carried out on CoPt-Al-O thin films. CoPt-based nanocrystalline phases are found surrounded by Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-based amorphous phases, showing nano-granular structures. Domain walls like fishbone are also observed in Lorentz microscope images of the nano-granular films. These domain walls disappear as the applied magnetic field increases. Further in the reconstructed phase images (holograms), it is found that the density of lines of magnetic flux increases with the increase in the magnetic field, indicating a mixed-phase state of the ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic phases.
Navigation information-based proxy server handoff for mobile IPTV services (2011)

International audience
Real-Time Biological Annotation of Synthetic Compounds (2016)

Organic chemists are able to synthesize molecules in greater number and chemical complexity than ever before. Yet, a majority of these compounds go untested in biological systems, and those that do are often tested long after the chemist can incorporate the results into synthetic planning. We propose the use of high-dimensional "multiplex" assays, which are capable of measuring thousands of cellular features in one experiment, to annotate rapidly and inexpensively the biological activities of newly synthesized compounds. This readily accessible and inexpensive "real-time" profiling method can be used in a prospective manner to facilitate, for example, the efficient construction of performance-diverse small-molecule libraries that are enriched in bioactives. Here, we demonstrate this concept by synthesizing ten triads of constitutionally isomeric compounds via complexity-generating photochemical and thermal rearrangements and measuring compound-induced changes in cellular morphology via an imaging-based "cell painting" assay. Our results indicate that real-time biological annotation can inform optimization efforts and library syntheses by illuminating trends relating to biological activity that would be difficult to predict if only chemical structure were considered. We anticipate that probe and drug discovery will benefit from the use of optimization efforts and libraries that implement this approach.
Regulation of proline 3-hydroxylation and prolyl 3-hydroxylase and 4-hydroxylase activities in transformed cells (1982)

Prolyl 3-hydroxylase activity and the extent of collagen proline 3-hydroxylation were studied in six transformed and three control human cell lines. In the transformed cell lines, the enzyme activity was markedly high in two, similar to that in control cells in two and significantly low in two. The extent of proline 3-hydroxylation was markedly high in cell lines with high enzyme activity, but it was also significantly high in some transformed cell lines with enzyme activities similar to those in the controls. The results thus suggest that, in addition to the amount of enzyme activity present, the rate of collagen synthesis also affects the extent of proline 3-hydroxylation in the newly synthesized collagen. The effect of acute cell transformation on prolyl 3-hydroxylase and 4-hydroxylase activities was studied by infecting chick-embryo fibroblasts with Rous sarcoma virus mutant NY68, temperature-sensitive for transformation. At the permissive temperature prolyl 3-hydroxylase activity showed a more rapid increase and decrease than did prolyl 4-hydroxylase activity, the maximal activity for both enzymes being about 2.5 times that in the control chick fibroblasts. When the transformed cells were shifted to the non-permissive temperature the decays in the elevated enzyme activities were similar, suggesting identical half-lives.
Eye-guided surgical microscope (1999)

Surgical interventions become more and more complex. Therefore, technologies have been proposed to assist the surgeon in the many tasks he has to accomplish almost simultaneously. Previously introduced surgeon's assistance such as voice, mouth or chin control of the operating microscope have shown their limits.
Subharmonic threshold quantification of ultrasound contrast agents (2015)

The measurement and prediction of the subharmonic threshold of ultrasound contrast agents is of significant interest, particularly for high frequency applications. Theoretical analytical predictions typically follow from a weakly nonlinear analysis assuming continuous, single frequency forcing. Furthermore, numerical simulation and experimental definitions are often based on the quantification of spectral response of the nonlinear harmonics. Limitations of these approaches are investigated with respect to pulsed forcing and associated non-stationary (chirp) excitations. Novel quantification and definitions are proposed with respect to instantaneous frequency and relative energy content of an empirical mode decomposition of the scattered pressure. Teager-Kasiser energy operator allows for additional quantification. The methodology is examined with respect to experimental polymer contrast agent data.
Novel Inverse Binding Mode of Indirubin Derivatives Yields Improved Selectivity for DYRK Kinases (2012)

DYRK kinases are involved in alternative pre-mRNA splicing as well as in neuropathological states such as Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. In this study, we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of indirubins as DYRK inhibitors with enhanced selectivity. Modifications of the bis-indole included polar or acidic functionalities at positions 5' and 6' and a bromine or a trifluoromethyl group at position 7, affording analogues that possess high activity and pronounced specificity. Compound 6i carrying a 5'-carboxylate moiety demonstrated the best inhibitory profile. A novel inverse binding mode, which forms the basis for the improved selectivity, was suggested by molecular modeling and confirmed by determining the crystal structure of DYRK2 in complex with 6i. Structure-activity relationships were further established, including a thermodynamic analysis of binding site water molecules, offering a structural explanation for the selective DYRK inhibition.
Supplementary Data from Adhesion of T Cells to Endothelial Cells Facilitates Blinatumomab-Associated Neurologic Adverse Events (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. Designs, primary results, and incidences of neurologic adverse events of the five clinical studies with blinatumomab of which data was used in present analysis; Table S2: Multivariate analyses of blinatumomab-treated patients with r/r NHL or r/r ALL.&lt;/p&gt;
Injury potential evaluation of the upper extremity and torso of three tennis serve types using a novel markerless motion system (2011)

Background The tennis serve is the most common stroke in tennis and is the single stroke most associated with musculoskeletal injury in tennis. Previous investigations have utilised marker-based systems which are prone to error and also have not evaluated all three types of serves. Objective Utilise a novel markerless video system to determine whether the kick and slice serves produced greater forces/torques about the torso and upper extremity versus the flat serve. Design Single recording session. Setting Outdoor regulation tennis court. Participants Seven NCAA Division I male tennis players. Interventions Three successful flat, kick, and slice serves. Main outcome measurements Back extension angle; total forces at back, shoulder, elbow, and wrist. Results Maximum back extension angle was significantly higher for the kick serve versus the slice (40.5 vs 37.3°; p=0.01) while there was a trend towards significance in the kick compared to the flat serve (40.5 vs 38.6°; p=0.096). Maximum external rotation of the shoulder was not significantly different between flat, kick, and slice serves (89.8 vs 90.1 vs 91.5°; p&gt;0.67). The kick serve showed greater total back force (2974 vs 2138 vs 2568 N; p&lt;0.05) and posterior shoulder force (1370 vs 809 vs 741 N, p&lt;0.05) versus the flat and slice. The slice serve demonstrated lower torques at the elbow (71.1 vs 87.0 vs 89.3 N-m; p&lt;0.05) and wrist (20.9 vs 33.5 vs 27.9 N-m; p&lt;0.05) compared to the flat and kick serves. Conclusion The kick serve places higher stresses on the back and shoulder while the slice is the least injurious to the elbow and wrist. This data may help provide guidelines for injury prevention, rehabilitation, and possibly for return to play after injury or surgery.
Tolerance to, and Uptake and Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) are Enhanced by the Expression of a Bacterial Nitroreductase Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (2005)

Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with a gene encoding a nitroreductase (NTR, E.C.1.6.99.7) with activity against a wide range of nitroaromatic compounds. The gene was transferred from Escherichia coli by an Agrobacterium-mediated in planta method. The obtained seeds were sowed to produce T1 plants, and they were assayed for the integration of the transgene in the plant genome. Transgenic plants that were positive with the PCR analysis were self-pollinated to produce T2 generation plants. Seven lines obtained were assayed for the NTR activity. While the non-transformed wild-type plants showed no detectable NTR activity, the enzyme activity of the transgenic plant lines was approx. 20 times higher. Using the line with the highest NTR activity, the phytoremediation characteristics of plants against 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was investigated. While the wild-type plants did not grow in the presence of 0.1 mM TNT, the transgenic plants grew almost normally in this condition. The uptake of TNT by seedlings of transgenic plants increased by 7 to 8 times when theywere floated on TNT solution. HPLC analysis showed that the peak due to TNT taken upinto plant body was much smaller in the transgenic plants as compared with that of the wild type, and that a number of peaks attributable to the degradation products of TNT, including 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, were detected in the extract from the transgenic plants. This indicates that the expression of bacterial NTR improved the capability of plants to degrade TNT.
Supplementary Figure 4 from The OPCML Tumor Suppressor Functions as a Cell Surface Repressor–Adaptor, Negatively Regulating Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 73K&lt;/p&gt;
The amino acid sequence of a testis-specific basic protein that is associated with spermatogenesis. (1975)

The amino acid sequence of the COOH-terminal cyanogen bromide fragment (residues 12 to 54) of the testis-specific basic protein of the rat has been determined. This analysis completes the primary structure of the whole protein by over-lapping the sequence of the 23 residues from the NH-2 terminus previously published (Kistler, W. S., Noyes, C., and Heinrikson, R.L. (1974) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 57, 341-347). The complete sequence of this small, highly basic protein is: (see article for formular).
Quantitative nuclear histomorphometric features are predictive of Oncotype DX risk categories in ductal carcinoma in situ: preliminary findings (2019)

Our results appear to suggest that nuclear histomorphometric features can distinguish high from low and intermediate ODx risk category patients. Additionally, our findings suggest that histomorphometric features for intermediate ODx were more similar to low ODx compared to high ODx risk category.