gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vanadium Oxide Thin-Film Variable Resistor-Based RF Switches (2015)

Vanadium dioxide (VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) is a unique phase change material (PCM) that possesses a metal-to-insulator transition property. Pristine VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance, and it undergoes an insulator-to-metal phase change at a transition temperature of 68 °C. Such a property makes the VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin-film-based variable resistor (varistor) a good candidate in reconfigurable electronics to be integrated with different RF devices such as inductors, varactors, and antennas. Series single-pole single-throw (SPST) switches with integrated VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin films were designed, fabricated, and tested. The overall size of the device is 380 μm × 600 μm. The SPST switches were fabricated on a sapphire substrate with integrated heating coil to control VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> phase change. During the test, when VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin film changed from insulator at room temperature to metallic state (low-resistive phase) at 80 °C, the insertion loss of the SPST switch was <;3 dB at 10 GHz. In addition, the isolation of the SPST improved to better than 30 dB when the temperature dropped to 20 °C. These tunable characteristics of the RF switch provide evidence for VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as a useful PCM for the broad range of applications in reconfigurable electronics.
Structured Local Address Plan (SLAP) Quadrant Selection Option for DHCPv6 (2020)

IEEE originally structured the 48-bit MAC address space in such a way
that half of it was reserved for local use. In 2017, IEEE published a
new standard (IEEE Std 802c) with a new optional Structured Local
Address Plan (SLAP). It specifies different assignment approaches in
four specified regions of the local MAC address space. IEEE is
developing protocols to assign addresses (IEEE P802.1CQ). There is
work also in the IETF on specifying a new mechanism that extends
DHCPv6 operation to handle the local MAC address assignments. This
document proposes extensions to DHCPv6 protocols to enable a DHCPv6
client or a DHCPv6 relay to indicate a preferred SLAP quadrant to the
server, so that the server may allocate MAC addresses in the quadrant
requested by the relay or client. A new DHCPv6 option (QUAD) is
defined for this purpose.
A new fabrication technique to form complex polymethylmethacrylate microchannel for bioseparation (2012)

Recent studies show that reduction in cross-sectional area can be used to improve the concentration factor in microscale bioseparations. Due to simplicity in fabrication process, a step reduction in cross-sectional area is generally implemented in microchip to increase the concentration factor. But the sudden change in cross-sectional area can introduce significant band dispersion and distortion. This paper reports a new fabrication technique to form a gradual reduction in cross-sectional area in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microchannel for both anionic and cationic isotachophoresis (ITP). The fabrication technique is based on hot embossing and surface modification assisted bonding method. Both one-dimensional and two-dimensional gradual reduction in cross-sectional area microchannels were formed on PMMA with high fidelity using proposed techniques. ITP experiments were conducted to separate and preconcentrate fluorescent proteins in these microchips. Thousand fold and ten thousand fold increase in concentrations were obtained when 10 × and 100 × gradual reduction in cross-sectional area microchannels were used for ITP.
Baseline advanced RAIM user algorithm and possible improvements (2015)

We present a baseline multiple fault and multiconstellation advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring user algorithm for vertical guidance. After reviewing the navigation requirements for localizer performance with vertical guidance down to 200 feet, we describe in detail how to process the pseudorange measurements, the nominal error models, and the prior fault probabilities to obtain the protection levels and other figures of merit. In particular, we show how to determine which fault modes must be monitored and a method for performing fault exclusion. Finally, we present a list of possible algorithm improvements and simplifications.
Zanthoxylum avicennae extracts induce cell apoptosis through protein phosphatase 2A activation in HA22T human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and block tumor growth in xenografted nude mice (2011)

The use of herbs as alternative cancer therapies has attracted a great deal of attention owing to their lower toxicity. Whether Zanthoxylum avicennae (Ying Bu Bo, YBB) induces liver cancer cell apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of YBB extracts (YBBEs) on HA22T human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in an in vivo mouse xenograft model. HA22T cells were treated with different concentrations of YBBEs and analyzed with Western blot analysis, TUNEL, JC-1 staining and siRNA transfection assays. Additionally, the HA22T-implanted xenograft nude mice model was applied to confirm the cellular effects. YBBEs-induced apoptosis, up-regulated death receptor apoptotic pathway markers as well as mitochondrial proteins, and suppressed the survival proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins were inhibited and the pro-apoptotic ones were increased. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) siRNA or okadaic acid reversed the YBBEs effects, confirming the role of PP2A in YBBEs-induced HA22T apoptosis. All our experimental evidence indicates that YBBEs significantly promote HA22T apoptosis and reduce tumor sizes in xenograft nude mice via PP2A in a dose-dependent manner.
Development of resistance spot welding technology applying multi-stage adaptive control for narrow pitch spot welding of high strength steel sheets (2023)

In order to expand the application of high strength steel sheets to automotive bodies, stabilizing nugget diameter of resistance spot welds is required in the presence of several industrial disturbances. This study aims to ensure the nugget diameter of high strength steel sheets regardless weld spacing by utilizing adaptive control technology based on real-time feedback of heat quantity. Short weld spacing leads to expulsion from the sheet surface applying conventional adaptive control welding for mild steel sheets, whereas decrease in nugget diameter due to reduction of effective welding current for high strength steel sheets. On the other hand, 2-stage adaptive control method enables to ensure nugget diameter regardless of steel strength even with 10mm weld spacing, in which heat quantity was controlled independently in each stage of welding. The mechanism of these phenomena was revealed by verifying the influence of physical properties of steel and welding current pattern on the shunting phenomena using numerical simulation.
DTI-driven segmentation of human cortex - methods, validation and reproducibility (2006)

-2 on a Siemens Sonata 1.5T scanner. To establish reproducibility, eight volunteers were scanned repeatedly on three different dates for the Brodmann area study, while nine volunteers were scanned once for SMA vs. pre-SMA. In the latter group, BOLD fMRI data were recorded in 2x2x5 mm voxels using EPI (TR 2.5 s, 30s per block, 6 repetitions) while the subjects performed a finger-tapping and a serial subtraction task in a block design. fMRI data were analysed using FMRIB's software library and probability distributions on fibre direction were calculated from diffusion data at each voxel using described methods. One subject in the SMA group was excluded due to poor functional imaging results. A medial cortical mask was created in standard space including pre-SMA and SMA regions 1 . For area 44 and 45, a sagittal slice of cytoarchitectonic data as part of FZ Julich's SPM anatomy toolbox 2
Dynamics in dynamic walk of the quadruped robot. (1988)

歩行には大きく分けて静歩行と呼ばれるものと, 動歩行と呼ばれるものがある.動歩行は移動速度と移動エネルギの点で優れていると言われている.本論文では, これまでの研究で欠けていた, これらの特徴を生かすためにはどのような動歩行が望ましいかという問題が, 四足歩行ロボットについて考察される.歩行を計画するときには, 歩容 (Gait) や移動速度, 歩行周期, 歩幅, 胴体高さなど多くのパラメータが存在する.本論文では, これらを「歩行の安定性」, 「最大移動速度」, 「移動エネルギ」という三つの指標を考慮して決定することを提案し, これらの指標とパラメータの関係を動力学的に考察している.そして, 結論として以下のことを得ている.(1) 歩行周期が短かい程, 安定に歩行できる.(2) 最大移動速度を上げるためには, ゆっくりと大きな歩幅で歩行することが望ましい.(3) 移動速度を最大にする歩行周期が存在する.(4) ある移動速度に対して移動エネルギを最小にする歩行周期が存在する.(5) 移動エネルギ優先の歩行ではTrot (対角線上の二脚を同時に振り出す歩容) が, 移動速度優先ではPace (同じ側の前脚, 後脚を同時に振り出す歩容) が望ましい.そして, Collie-2と呼ばれる四足歩行ロボットを用いて, 以上の議論の妥当性と有用性を示している.
Internet of Things Curriculum Workshop: An Interdisciplinary, Cross-Institutional Effort for Education in an Expanding Field (2020)

Abstract The ongoing 4th industrial revolution, driven by the Internet of Things (IoT), is having profound impacts on industries of all kinds, especially manufacturers. Further, the increasing ability to collect and analyze large amounts of data has impacts beyond manufacturing. Given the critical role that engineering educators play in supplying the engineering workforce for the nation – and the critical role of our schools in other areas impacted by IoT – development and distribution of state-of-the-art undergraduate curriculum that enhances graduates’ knowledge and skills in the IoT space is important. Our preliminary discussions with industry have revealed that the desired “IoT” knowledge, at this point, is supplemental to traditional curricula, not (yet) something that would replace topics seen as core to most engineering programs. However, this frames the challenge of curriculum development in this area: the topics are by nature interdisciplinary and may extend beyond a faculty member’s typical comfort zone. Therefore, [university name withheld] hosted an Internet of Things Curriculum Workshop in January 2019. The purpose of this workshop was to support faculty members from across our state to work together, to collaboratively develop and share IoT course modules to enhance educational outcomes for engineering and other programs state-wide. This workshop was designed to enable faculty to: (1) learn about the need for curriculum directly from industry collaborators at a round-table discussion; (2) learn about existing IoT curriculum development efforts at sister institutions; (3) begin the collaborativedevelopment of new course modules to enhance existing, and potentially new courses in a wide range of engineering and related disciplines. The modules are to be broadly accessible across our state and will serve as a first step toward broader dissemination of IoT-related topics in engineering curriculum. This paper will present the planning, organization, and structure of the workshop, including a report of its lessons learned, initial findings and results, with the purpose of enabling other institutions to learn from our experience.
ScienceLabDatabase: A Computer Program to Organize a Molecular Biology Laboratory (1999)

A description of a novel laboratory management software is provided. ScienceLabDatabase (SLD) offers a useful platform to organize a molecular biology research laboratory. The program manages stocks of biological samples, including plasmids, antibodies and cell lines, laboratory protocols and addresses, and it includes an easy ordering and funds managing system. Preformed data sheet templates help to store and maintain valuable information on samples or reagents and to facilitate the transfer of accurate information between researchers. Password protection regulates access, and simple button functions allow the use of this system without prior database knowledge. SLD is based on FileMaker Pro Version 4.0, which allows easy customization and import of preexisting data from other applications. The SLD program was successfully tested in several independent research groups and proved a useful tool to efficiently organize a molecular biology laboratory.
Facile formulation and fabrication of the cathode using a self-lithiated carbon for all-solid-state batteries (2020)

We propose a innovative concept to boost the electrochemical performance of cathode composite electrodes using surface-modified carbons with hydrophilic moieties to increase their dispersion in a Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) cathode and in-situ generate Li-rich carbon surfaces. Using a rapid aqueous process, the hydrophilic carbon is effectively dispersed in NMC particles followed by the conversion of its acid surface groups (e.g. -COOH), which interact with the NMC particles due to their basicity, into grafted Li salt (-COO<sup>-</sup>Li<sup>+</sup>). The solid-state batteries prepared using the cathode composites with surface-modified carbon exhibit better electrochemical performance. Such modified carbons led to a better electronic conduction path as well as facilitating Li<sup>+</sup> ions transfer at the carbon/NMC interface due to the presence of lithiated carboxylate groups on their surface.
Wikipedia as a time machine (2014)

Wikipedia encyclopaedia projects, which consist of vast collections of user-edited articles covering a wide range of topics, are among some of the most popular websites on internet. With so many users working collaboratively, mainstream events are often very quickly reflected by both authors editing content and users reading articles. With temporal signals such as changing article content, page viewing activity and the link graph readily available, Wikipedia has gained attention in recent years as a source of temporal event information. This paper serves as an overview of the characteristics and past work which support Wikipedia (English, in this case) for time-aware information retrieval research. Furthermore, we discuss the main content and meta-data temporal signals available along with illustrative analysis. We briefly discuss the source and nature of each signal, and any issues that may complicate extraction and use. To encourage further temporal research based on Wikipedia, we have released all the distilled datasets referred to in this paper.
Graphene‐sealed Si/SiN cavities for high‐resolution in situ electron microscopy of nano‐confined solutions (Phys. Status Solidi B 12/2016) (2016)

Rasool et al. (pp. 2351–2354) have developed a method to construct well-defined liquid containers with graphene windows. These containers are remarkably robust and can remain intact in the harsh imaging environments required for electron microscopy. The authors demonstrate that gold nanoparticles suspended in a phosphate buffer solution, a common biological buffer, can easily be imaged using a TEM. The confined nanoparticles can be imaged on multiple length scales, down to 3D atomic resolution motion. These liquid cell containers have broad applications and may be used to study complex nanoparticle assemblies with more complex motions in a fully hydrated state.
Effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon on cultured breast cancer cells (1981)

Abstract The effect of human interferon on growth and fibronectin production in a range of cultured breast cancer cell lines has been investigated. The cell lines differ in their sensitivity to interferon's growth‐inhibitory effect as determined from growth curves, but the degree of sensitivity varies according to the method of assay. When growth was measured in cultures seeded with fairly large numbers of cells, five out of seven lines examined showed a reduction of 50% or more in the number of attached cells after treatment for 8 days with 1,000 units/ml of interferon. Growth of the two cell lines least affected by interferon treatment in dense culture could, however, be markedly inhibited under conditions of clonal growth in agar or when sparsely seeded on plastic and this was due to inhibition of initiation of growth. In some breast epithelial lines, where the number of attached cells was regulated in part by cell shedding, it was found that interferon not only inhibited cell proliferation, but also increased cell shedding. To determine if interferon increased cell shedding by affecting fibronectin production, the total and cell associated fibronectin was estimated in control and interferon‐treated cultures. Four of 10 cell lines examined produced detectable amounts of fibronectin, and in only one of these lines, Hs578T derived from a carcino‐sarcoma, was the production and retention of fibronectin inhibited by interferon treatment. In those breast carcinoma lines which produced detectable amounts of fibronectin, the level of production and retention of the protein, expressed as a proportion of the total protein, did not change after interferon treatment, but showed an increase if expressed on a per cell basis. This is explained by the fact that the interferon‐treated cells showed an increase in cell volume.
Nanoparticle amplification via photothermal unveiling of cryptic collagen binding sites (2013)

The success of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies ultimately depends on their ability to selectively and efficiently accumulate in regions of disease. Outfitting nanoparticles to actively target tumor-specific markers has improved specificity, yet it remains a challenge to amass adequate therapy in a selective manner. To help address this challenge, we have developed a mechanism of nanoparticle amplification based on stigmergic (environment-modifying) signalling, in which a “Signalling” population of gold nanorods induces localized unveiling of cryptic collagen epitopes, which are in turn targeted by “Responding” nanoparticles bearing gelatin-binding fibronectin fragments. We demonstrate that this two-particle system results in significantly increased, selective recruitment of responding particles. Such amplification strategies have the potential to overcome limitations associated with single-particle targeting by leveraging the capacity of nanoparticles to interact with their environment to create abundant new binding motifs.
Pseudotyping Serotype 5 Adenovirus with the Fiber from Other Serotypes Uncovers a Key Role of the Fiber Protein in Adenovirus 5-Induced Thrombocytopenia (2016)

Adenovirus (Ad) infection in humans is associated with inflammatory responses and thrombocytopenia. Although several studies were conducted in mice models to understand molecular and cellular mechanisms of Ad-induced inflammatory responses, only few of them turned their interest toward the mechanisms of Ad-induced thrombocytopenia. Using different depletion methods, the present study ruled out any significant role of spleen, macrophages, and vitamin K-dependent factor in Ad-induced thrombocytopenia. Interestingly, mice displaying thrombocytopenia expressed high levels of cytokines/chemokines after Ad administration. Most importantly, pseudotyping adenovirus with the fiber protein from other serotypes was associated with reduction of both cytokine/chemokine production and thrombocytopenia. Altogether, our results suggest that capsid fiber protein (and more precisely its shaft) of Ad serotype 5 triggers the cytokine production that leads to Ad-induced thrombocytopenia.
Computer Manual in MATLAB to Accompany Pattern Classification (2004)

Preface. Chapter 1. Introduction to MATLAB. Basic Navigation and Interaction. Scalars, Variables and Basic Arithmetic. Relational and Logical Operators. Lists, Vectors and Matrices. Matrix Multiplication. Vector and Matrix Norms. Determinants, Inverses and Pseudoinverses. Matrix Powers and Exponentials. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. Data Analysis. Clearing Variables and Functions. Data Types. Chapter 2. Programming in MATLAB. Scripts. Functions. Flow Control. User Input. Debugging. Data, and File Input and Output. Strings. Operations on Strings. Chapter 3. Classification Toolbox. Loading the Toolbox and Starting MATLAB. Graphical User Interface. Introductory Examples. GUI Controls. Creating Your Own Data Files. Classifying Using the Text-based Interface. Classifier Comparisons. How to Add New Algorithms. Adding a New Feature Selection Algorithm. List of Functions. Appendix: Program Descriptions. References. Index.
Robust Machine Learning via Privacy/ Rate-Distortion Theory (2021)

Robust machine learning formulations have emerged to address the prevalent vulnerability of deep neural networks to adversarial examples. Our work draws the connection between optimal robust learning and the privacy-utility tradeoff problem, which is a generalization of the rate-distortion problem. The saddle point of the game between a robust classifier and an adversarial perturbation can be found via the solution of a maximum conditional entropy problem. This information-theoretic perspective sheds light on the fundamental tradeoff between robustness and clean data performance, which ultimately arises from the geometric structure of the underlying data distribution and perturbation constraints.
A study of spatial phenomena in semiconductor lasers:beam filamentation and optical feedback effects (1997)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rochester. Institute of Optics, 1997. Missing page 98.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of O2 and CO binding properties of artificial hemoproteins formed by complexing iron protoporphyrin IX with human serum albumin mutants. (2006)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: O2 and CO binding properties of artificial hemoproteins formed by complexing iron protoporphyrin IX with human serum albumin mutants.
Breaking the 1-femtosecond barrier – the advent of attosecond metrology (2002)

High-order harmonics have been discussed for years as a means of generating sub-femtosecond x-ray pulses. We report the break of this barrier by few-cicle laser-driven, single, isolated sub-femtosecond pulses and the onset of attosecond metrology.
Novel amphiphilic branched copolymers based on polystyrene and poly(ethylene oxide) (1998)

Newly designed polystyrene (PS)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) branched copolymers were obtained by a sequence of reactions involving both cationic and anionic polymerizations. Stars made of six PS-b-PEO arms and PS/PEO copolymers constituted of an inner PS part and an arborescent outer layer of PEO are two novel amphiphilic branched architectures that are described in this paper. The investigation of the solution properties of these copolymers by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) using tetrahydrofuran and an aqueous medium revealed that PS/PEO arborescent copolymers are more inclined to self-organize into unimicellar systems than their star homologues.
The renal cell carcinoma lysis by a specific cytotoxic T cell clone is independent of the Fas/Fas‐L cytotoxic pathway (1996)

The expression of Fas antigen at the surface of renal cell carcinoma and the susceptibility to Fas-mediated lysis by a tumor specific CTL clone were investigated. Renal cell carcinoma cell lines expressed Fas antigen and were susceptible to apoptosis mediated by antibodies to Fas/APO1. Using RT-PCR, we further showed that these cell lines expressed mRNA for Fas deleted transmembrane region, corresponding to a soluble form of Fas/APO-1. To investigate the role of the Fas/FasL pathway in the cytotoxic response against RCC cells, we analyzed the induction of Fas-L on a tumor specific T cell clone (CTL8C2), previously generated against one RCC cell line. Fas-L expression on CTL8C2 was detected by RT-PCR after stimulation with autologous tumor cells. However, the cytotoxic activity of CTL8C2 was completely abolished when EGTA was added, suggesting that the cytolysis was mainly mediated by a Ca+2-dependent pathway, perforin/granzyme-based.