gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fine structure, hyperfine structure, and Stark effect in the NO A 2Σ+ state by optical radio-frequency double resonance (1974)

Using the Se I 1961 Å spectral line to pump the J = 3/2 component of the v = 3, N = 1 level of the NO A 2Σ+ state, we observe the zero-field rho-doubling hyperfine transitions by optical radio-frequency double resonance. The Stark shift of one of the resonance components is measured to determine the permanent electric dipole moment. An analysis of the resonance line shapes yields the following molecular constants: The rho-doubling constant γ = −82.91±0.03 MHz; the hyperfine parameters of the 14N nucleus b = 40.29±0.07 MHz, c = 2.25±0.11 MHz, and eqQ = −2.88±0.17 MHz; and the dipole moment μ = 1.10±0.03 D, where all errors represent three standard deviations. The value of γ is explained reasonably well by calculations of the A−X spin-orbit mixing from which we conclude that variations of γ with v and N are small. The values of the hyperfine parameters b and c are within 6% and 18% of recent CI calculations by S. Green, while the less well determined values of eqQ differ by about a factor of 2. The measured dipole moment differs considerably from the CI value, μ = 0.40±0.10 D. We speculate on possible explanations for this surprisingly large discrepancy.
CCL2 (pM levels) as a therapeutic agent in inflammatory bowel disease models in mice (2010)

Administration of pM levels of CCL2 significantly inhibits migration of T cells in amelioration of TNBS and DSS colitis and inhibits development of colorectal cancer in an AOM-DSS colitis model in mice. Thus, pM levels of CCL2 may be clinically beneficial as an antiinflammatory agent in IBD.
Development of Functionally Graded Material Capabilities in Large-scale Extrusion Deposition Additive Manufacturing (2019)

Additive manufacturing’s (AM) layer-by-layer nature is well-suited to the production of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) with discrete material boundaries. Extrusion deposition is especially advantageous since multiple nozzles easily accommodate the inclusion of additional materials. However, discrete interfaces and sudden composition changes can limit the functionality of a printed part through inherently weak bonding. Furthermore, same-layer transitions are not only difficult to execute, but also further amplify structural weaknesses by creating multiple discrete interfaces. Therefore, successfully implementing a blended, continuous gradient will greatly advance the applicability of FGM in additive manufacturing. The pellet-fed nature and integrated screw design of the Big Area Additive Manufacturing system enables material mixing needed for development of this capability. Using constituent content analysis, this study evaluates the transition behavior of a neat ABS/CF-ABS material pair and characterizes the repeatability of the mixing and printing process, which ultimately leads to control of site-specific material deposition and properties.
Vascular endothelial growth factor is an in vivo survival factor for tumor endothelium in a murine model of colorectal carcinoma liver metastases (2000)

Recent studies have suggested that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in addition to its proangiogenic properties, also functions as a survival factor for endothelial cells. The authors hypothesized that inhibition of VEGF activity by blockade of VEGF receptor-2 (R-2) function prevents angiogenesis and decreases tumor growth in colon carcinoma liver metastases.
Linearly polarized emission from GaInN lightemitting diodes with polarization-enhancing reflector (2007)

A polarization-enhancing reflector design, which is matched to the emission characteristics of GaInN/GaN 460 nm light-emitting diodes grown on (0001) oriented sapphire substrates, is reported. Side-emitted light from these devices is known to be highly polarized with the electric field in the plane of the active region. Through selective rotation of polarization by the reflector, the in-plane polarized side-emitted light is directed upwards with a single dominant linear polarization. Polarization ratios as high as 3.5:1 are measured in the farfield, and the average polarization ratio is 1.9:1. If only light that strikes the reflector is considered, the polarization ratio is 2.5:1. The concept of the polarization-enhancing reflector and the numerical algorithm used to generate the optimized shape are also described.
Data from GA201 (RG7160): A Novel, Humanized, Glycoengineered Anti-EGFR Antibody with Enhanced ADCC and Superior <i>In Vivo</i> Efficacy Compared with Cetuximab (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Anti-EGF receptor (EGFR) antibodies and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown activity in epithelial tumors; however, agents that work by blocking the EGFR growth signal are ineffective when the oncogenic stimulus arises downstream, such as in tumors with &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; mutations. Antibodies of the IgG&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; subclass can also kill tumor cells directly through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and the efficacy of this is determined by the interaction of the Fc portion of the target cell–bound antibody and Fc receptors present on immune effector cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We report the development of GA201, a novel anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody with enhanced ADCC properties. GA201 was derived by humanization of the rat ICR62 antibody. The Fc region of GA201 was glycoengineered to contain bisected, afucosylated carbohydrates for enhanced binding to FcγRIIIA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; binding of GA201 to EGFR inhibited EGF ligand binding, EGFR/HER2 heterodimerization, downstream signaling, and cell proliferation to a similar extent as cetuximab. However, GA201 exhibited superior binding to both the low- and high-affinity variants of FcγRIIIA. This resulted in significantly enhanced induction of ADCC compared with cetuximab against both &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt;-wild-type and -mutant tumor cells lines. This enhanced ADCC translated into superior &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; efficacy in a series of mouse xenograft models. Efficacy of GA201 was further increased when administered in combination with chemotherapy (irinotecan).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These data suggest that GA201 may be more effective than cetuximab in patients with EGFR-positive solid tumors and may also represent a first-in-class treatment of patients with &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt;-mutated tumors. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1126–38. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Effective Electromagnetic Wave Properties of Disordered Stealthy Hyperuniform Layered Media Beyond the Quasistatic Regime (2023)

Disordered stealthy hyperuniform dielectric composites exhibit novel electromagnetic wave transport properties in two and three dimensions. Here, we carry out the first study of the electromagnetic properties of one-dimensional (1D) disordered stealthy hyperuniform layered media. From an exact nonlocal theory, we derive an approximation formula for the effective dynamic dielectric constant tensor ${\boldsymbol \varepsilon}_e({\bf k}_q,ω)$ of general 1D media that is valid well beyond the quasistatic regime and apply it to 1D stealthy hyperuniform systems. We consider incident waves of transverse polarization, frequency $ω$, and wavenumber $k_q$. Our formula for ${\boldsymbol \varepsilon}_e({k}_q,ω)$, which is given in terms of the spectral density, leads to a closed-form relation for the transmittance $T$. Our theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Stealthy hyperuniform layered media have perfect transparency intervals up to a finite wavenumber, implying no Anderson localization, but non-stealthy hyperuniform media are not perfectly transparent. Our predictive theory provides a new path for the inverse design of the wave characteristics of disordered layered media, which are readily fabricated, by engineering their spectral densities.
Abstract 17122: Cardioprotection With Proangiogenic Nanomaterials Formulated With CHIR99021 and FGF1 (2018)

Introduction: We aimed at to investigate whether activation of both FGF1 and Wnt1 synergistically enhances angiogenesis and render the cardioprotection in hearts with post infarction LV remodeling. Materials and methods: CHIR99021 (a Wnt1 activator) and FGF1 were encapsulated into poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (CHIR99021/FGF1-NPs). Ischemic heart models were generated in C57BL/6 mice or Yorkshire swine by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary. The mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: Myocardial infarction (MI) Only (n=11), MI with nanoparticles (CHIR99021 or/and FGF1 loaded) injection (n=12, each), MI with non-loaded nanoparticles injection (n=11) and Sham group (n=10). The swine were divided into 3 groups: ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) (n=4), IRI with CHIR99021/FGF-NPs injection (n=4) and Sham group (n=4). Left ventricle function 4 week after surgery were evaluated by Echocardiography. Cell proliferation was assessed via immunostaining in ischemic hearts and in cultivated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) using the following markers: Ki67, Brdu, PH3, and Aurora B. Apoptosis was determined with TUNEL staining. Cardiac fibrosis was evaluated via Sirius red and Fast green staining (mice) and magnetic resonance imaging (swine). Results: CHIR99021/FGF1-NPs treatment attenuated fibrosis and preserved heart contractile function in mice and swine models of postinfarction LV remodeling. The proportion of cells that expressed cell cycle markers (Ki67; BrdU; Aurora B and PH3) was significantly greater in CHIR99021+FGF1 treatment group than CHIR99021, FGF1 and PBS treatment group. The proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly smaller in CHIR99021+FGF1 treatment group than in groups of control, VEGF, CHIR99021, or FGF1 treatment alone. Conclusions: CHIR99021 and FGF synergistically activate cell cycle and reduce apoptosis, which accompanied by a significant improvement of cardiac function.
Gene Discovery and Functional Genomics in the Pig (2001)

Advances in gene mapping and genomics in farm animals have been considerable over the past decade. Medium resolution linkage and physical maps have been reported, and specific chromosomal regions and genes associated with traits of biological and economic interest have been identified. We have reached an exciting stage in gene identification, mapping and quantitative trait locus discovery in pigs, as new molecular information is accumulating rapidly. Significant progress has been made by identifying candidate gene associations and low-resolution regions containing quantitative trail loci (QTL). However, we are still disadvantaged by the lack of tools available to efficiently use much of this new information. For example, current pig maps are neither of high enough resolution nor sufficiently informative at the comparative level for positional candidate gene cloning within QTL regions. As well, studying biological mechanisms underlying economically important traits such as reproduction is limited by the lack of molecular resources. This is especially important, as reproduction is very difficult to genetically improve by classical breeding methods due to the relatively low heritability and high expense in data collection. Thus, an improved understanding of porcine reproductive biology is of crucial economic importance, yet reproductive processes are poorly characterized at the molecular level. Recently, new methodologies have been brought to bear on a better understanding of pig molecular biology for accelerating genetic improvement in pigs. Several groups are developing molecular information in the pig, and the total Genbank sequence entries for porcine expressed genes have recently topped 100,000. Our Midwest EST Consortium has produced cDNA libraries containing the majority of genes expressed in major female reproductive tissues, and we have deposited nearly 15,000 gene sequences into public databases. These sequences represent over 8,900 different genes, based on sequence comparison among these data. Furthermore, we have developed computer software to automatically extract sequence similarity of these pig genes with their human counterparts, as well as the mapping information of these human homologues. Within our data set, we have identified nearly 1,500 pig genes with strong similarity to mapped human genes, and we are in the process of mapping 700 of these genes to improve the human-pig comparative map. This work and the complementary work of others can now be used to more rapidly understand and identify the genes controlling reproduction, so that genetic improvement of reproduction phenotypes can accelerate.
Partial molar characteristics of glycine and alanine in aqueous solutions at high pressures calculated from ultrasonic velocity data (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartial molar characteristics of glycine and alanine in aqueous solutions at high pressures calculated from ultrasonic velocity dataTigran V. Chalikian, Armen P. Sarvazyan, Theodor Funck, Charles A. Cain, and Kenneth J. BreslauerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 1, 321–328Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100052a053https://doi.org/10.1021/j100052a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Laterally moving bistable MEMS DC switch for biomedical applications (2005)

In this paper, we have designed a bistable microelectromechanical switch for an implantable lead electrode multiplexer application. Fabrication is based on a single mask process. State changes require an 18 V pulse to the actuators consuming only 0.2 nJ energy. The switch does not consume any energy in either the ON or the OFF state. Total chip size including bond pads is approximately 1.5 mm /spl times/ 1.5 mm. The initial contact resistance is below 5 /spl Omega/ with a contact force in the order of 10 /spl mu/N. The contact resistance stays consistently below 30 /spl Omega/ for the first 40 000 cycles. Breakdown voltage between the two contact members in OFF state is 300 V. We plan to further investigate applicability of this switch in the biomedical field.
Data from Targeting Carcinoembryonic Antigen with DNA Vaccination: On-Target Adverse Events Link with Immunologic and Clinical Outcomes (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We have clinically evaluated a DNA fusion vaccine to target the HLA-A*0201–binding peptide CAP-1 from carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA&lt;sub&gt;605–613&lt;/sub&gt;) linked to an immunostimulatory domain (DOM) from fragment C of tetanus toxin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty-seven patients with CEA-expressing carcinomas were recruited: 15 patients with measurable disease (arm-I) and 12 patients without radiological evidence of disease (arm-II). Six intramuscular vaccinations of naked DNA (1 mg/dose) were administered up to week 12. Clinical and immunologic follow-up was up to week 64 or clinical/radiological disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; DOM-specific immune responses demonstrated successful vaccine delivery. All patients without measurable disease compared with 60% with advanced disease responded immunologically, while 58% and 20% expanded anti-CAP-1 CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, respectively. CAP-1–specific T cells were only detectable in the blood postvaccination but could also be identified in previously resected cancer tissue. The gastrointestinal adverse event diarrhea was reported by 48% of patients and linked to more frequent decreases in CEA (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and improved global immunologic responses [anti-DOM responses of greater magnitude (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), frequency (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004), and duration] compared with patients without diarrhea. In advanced disease patients, decreases in CEA were associated with better overall survival (HR = 0.14, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017). CAP-1 peptide was detectable on MHC class I of normal bowel mucosa and primary colorectal cancer tissue by mass spectrometry, offering a mechanistic explanation for diarrhea through CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell attack.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our data suggest that DNA vaccination is able to overcome peripheral tolerance in normal and tumor tissue and warrants testing in combination studies, for example, by vaccinating in parallel to treatment with an anti-PD1 antibody. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4827–36. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Comparison of Nanoparticle Penetration into Solid Tumors and Sites of Inflammation: Studies Using Targeted and Nontargeted Liposomes (2015)

These data suggest that nanosized imaging and therapeutic agents may be better suited for the treatment and diagnosis of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases than cancer.
Rank-Assisted Deep Residual Reconstruction Network for Non-Contrast Ultrasound Imaging of Blood Microvessels (2021)

Singular value decomposition of extended ensembles of non-contrast ultrasound echoes can enable imaging of deep-seated microvasculature and underlying microflow. This process, however, is computationally expensive and requires ad hoc tuning of parameters, e.g. tissue clutter rank, based on some empirical criteria not generalizing to different real-world scenarios. Here, we present a novel model-based deep learning approach that accelerates tissue removal via simplified clutter suppression followed by a refinement reconstruction network for high resolution imaging of microvasculature. Additionally we show a realistic simulation model to create extended dataset for training a deep residual reconstruction network with access to true ground truth. We present results in terms of computation speed-up, resilience to improper clutter removal parameters, and contrast improvement using our simplified rank-assisted deep residual reconstruction network (RA-DR2Net) on both simulated and real in vivo data.
Subclass Mapping: Identifying Common Subtypes in Independent Disease Data Sets (2007)

Whole genome expression profiles are widely used to discover molecular subtypes of diseases. A remaining challenge is to identify the correspondence or commonality of subtypes found in multiple, independent data sets generated on various platforms. While model-based supervised learning is often used to make these connections, the models can be biased to the training data set and thus miss inherent, relevant substructure in the test data. Here we describe an unsupervised subclass mapping method (SubMap), which reveals common subtypes between independent data sets. The subtypes within a data set can be determined by unsupervised clustering or given by predetermined phenotypes before applying SubMap. We define a measure of correspondence for subtypes and evaluate its significance building on our previous work on gene set enrichment analysis. The strength of the SubMap method is that it does not impose the structure of one data set upon another, but rather uses a bi-directional approach to highlight the common substructures in both. We show how this method can reveal the correspondence between several cancer-related data sets. Notably, it identifies common subtypes of breast cancer associated with estrogen receptor status, and a subgroup of lymphoma patients who share similar survival patterns, thus improving the accuracy of a clinical outcome predictor.
An Exploratory Clinical Trial for Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head by Cultured Autologous Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Augmented with Vascularized Bone Grafts (2014)

Idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head (ION) is a painful disorder that progresses to collapse of the femoral head and destruction of the hip joint. Although its precise pathology remains unknown, the loss of blood supply causing the loss of living bone-forming cells is a hallmark of the pathophysiology of osteonecrosis. Transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising tool for regenerating the musculoskeletal system. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of transplantation of cultured autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs mixed with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in combination with vascularized bone grafts for the treatment of advanced stage ION in a clinical trial. Ten patients with stage 3 ION were enrolled in this study. Autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured with autologous serum, and cells (0.5-1.0×10(8)) were transplanted after mixing with β-TCP granules in combination with vascularized iliac bone grafts. Patients were assessed 24 months after treatment. The primary and secondary endpoints were progression of the radiological stage and changes in bone volume at the femoral head, and clinical score, respectively. Nine of ten patients completed the protocol, seven of whom remained at stage 3, and the remaining two cases progressed to stage 4. The average bone volume increased from 56.5±8.5 cm(3) to 57.7±10.6 cm(3). The average clinical score according to the Japan Orthopaedic Association improved from 65.6±25.5 points to 87.9±19.0 points. One severe adverse event was observed, which was not related to the clinical trial. Although the efficacy of cell transplantation was still to be determined, all procedures were successfully performed and some young patients with extensive necrotic lesions with pain demonstrated good bone regeneration with amelioration of symptoms. Further improvements in our method using MSCs and the proper selection of patients will open a new approach for the treatment of this refractory disease.
Parallel Hardware Architectures for the Cryptographic Tate Pairing (2008)

Identity-based cryptography uses pairing functions, which are sophisticated bilinear maps defined on elliptic curves. Computing pairings efficiently in software is presently a relevant research topic. Since such functions are very complex and slow in software, dedicated hard ware (HW) implementations are worthy of being studied, but presently only very preliminary research is available. This work affords the problem of designing parallel dedicated HW architectures, i.e.,co-processors, for the Tate pairing, in the case of the Duursma-Lee algorithm in characteristic 3. Formal scheduling methodologies are applied to carry out an extensive exploration of the architectural solution space, evaluating the obtained structures by means of different figures of merit such as computation time, circuit area and combinations thereof. Comparisons with the (few) existing proposals are carried out, showing that a large space exists for the efficient parallel HW computation of pairings.