gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Poly(I:C)-Mediated Protection against Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection (2006)

Alternative strategies for controlling the growing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) epidemic are needed. A novel class of immunomodulatory microbicides has shown promise as antiherpetics, including intravaginally applied CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides that stimulate toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). In the current study, we quantified protection against experimental genital HSV-2 infection provided by an alternative nucleic acid-based TLR agonist, polyinosine-poly(C) (PIC) (TLR3 agonist). Using a protection quantification paradigm, groups of mice were PIC treated and then subdivided into groups challenged with escalating doses of HSV-2. Using this paradigm, a temporal window of PIC efficacy for single applications was defined as 1 day prior to (prophylactic) through 4 h after (therapeutic) viral challenge. PIC treatment within this window protected against 10-fold-higher HSV-2 challenges, as indicated by increased 50% infectious dose values relative to those for vehicle-treated controls. Disease resolution and survival were significantly enhanced by repetitive PIC doses. Using optimal PIC regimens, cytokine induction was evaluated in murine vaginal lavages and in human vaginal epithelial cells. Similar induction patterns were observed, with kinetics that explained the limited durability of PIC-afforded protection. Daily PIC delivery courses did not generate sustained cytokine levels in murine vaginal fluids that would be indicative of local immunotoxicity. No evidence of immunotoxicity was observed in selected organs that were analyzed following repetitive vaginal PIC doses. Animal and in vitro data indicate that PIC may prove to be a valuable preventative microbicide and/or therapeutic agent against genital herpes by increasing resistance to HSV-2 and enhancing disease resolution following a failure of prevention.
Photofragmentation of semiconductor positive cluster ions (1988)

Si, Ge, and GaAs positive cluster ions containing up to sixty atoms have been prepared by laser vaporization and supersonic beam expansion and their laser photofragmentation studied using tandem time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The fragmentation pattern observed for GaAs is very similar to that observed for metal clusters and is consistent with the sequential loss of atoms. Si and Ge clusters appear to fragment by a fission process, Sin + fragments primarily into positive ions in the 6–11 size range with a subsidiary channel corresponding to loss of a single atom. Gen + also gives clusters in the 6–11 size range at relatively high fluence and has a channel corresponding to loss of a single atom at low fluence. At intermediate fluences, channels corresponding to sequential loss of Ge10 and Ge7 are observed.
Studies of topological distributions of the three and four jet events in $\bar{p} p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1800-GeV with the D0 detector (1995)

The global topologies of three- and four-jet events produced in {bar p}p interactions are described. the three- and four-jet events are selected from data recorded by the D0 detector at the Tevatron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of {radical}s = 1800 GeV. the measured normalized distributions of various topological variables are compared with parton-level predictions of the tree- level QCD calculations. The parton-level QCD calculations are found to be in good agreement with the data. The studies also show that the topological distributions of the different subprocesses involving different numbers of quarks are very similar and reproduce the measured distributions well.
Friedel-Crafts-Type Cyclodehydration of 1,3-Diphenyl-1-propanones. Kinetic Evidence for the Involvement of Dication (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFriedel-Crafts-Type Cyclodehydration of 1,3-Diphenyl-1-propanones. Kinetic Evidence for the Involvement of DicationShinichi Saito, Yasuo Sato, Tomohiko Ohwada, and Koichi ShudoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6, 2312–2317Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00085a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00085a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views482Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table 1 from High Expression of ErbB Family Members and Their Ligands in Lung Adenocarcinomas That Are Sensitive to Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from High Expression of ErbB Family Members and Their Ligands in Lung Adenocarcinomas That Are Sensitive to Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Abstract 171: Role of α-Actinin-4-Dependent Endothelial Cell Stiffness in Neutrophil Transmigration (2014)

Inflammation is causally linked to many chronic human disorders and constitutes a growing problem in the ageing population. The inflammatory process is driven by interactions of activated leukocytes with the endothelial lining of blood vessels. This requires binding of leukocyte β2-integrins to endothelial ICAM-1 (InterCellular Adhesion Molecule-1), which allows leukocyte adhesion, spreading, crawling and transendothelial migration (TEM). Integrin binding induces ICAM-1 clustering and its consequent association to F-actin which enforces leukocyte adhesion. Here, we analyzed the molecular basis of this positive feedback loop. We show that ICAM-1 clustering promotes its binding to F-actin through distinct complexes with FilaminB, Cortactin and α-Actinin-4. We found that α-Actinin-4 regulates endothelial cell peripheral stiffness, which is sensed by adherent neutrophils and promotes adhesion, spreading, crawling and TEM. Conversely, increasing endothelial cell stiffness stimulates the ICAM-1-α-Actinin-4 interaction. Finally, we found that the endothelial lining of atherosclerotic plaques, which is characterized by increased stiffness and leukocyte infiltration, shows increased expression of α-Actinin-4. These results identify α-Actinin-4-regulated endothelial cell stiffness as a novel pro-inflammatory event that promotes ICAM-1-mediated leukocyte adhesion and TEM.
Fundamental mechanism for electrically actuated mechanical resonances in ZnO nanowhiskers (2012)

In this study, we elucidate the fundamental mechanism for electrically actuated mechanical resonances in semiconducting ZnO nanowhiskers (NWs). Based on visual detection and measurement of mechanical resonances in ZnO NWs using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), previous studies have attributed dynamic charge induction as the fundamental mechanism for the observed resonances. We show that the use of an electron beam as a resonance detection tool alters the intrinsic electrical character of the ZnO, and makes it difficult to identify the source of the charge necessary for the electrostatic actuation. A systematic study of the amplitude of electrically actuated as-grown and gold-coated ZnO NWs in the presence (absence) of an electron beam using a SEM (dark-field optical microscope) suggest that our ZnO NWs intrinsically support static charge actuation.
The chart checker (2008)

Major accidents can happen during radiotherapy, with extremely severe consequences to both patients and clinical professionals. A primary cause of such accidents is a mistake in the patient's radiotherapy treatment chart. By applying data mining techniques to radiotherapy treatment planning, we developed an automatic Chart Checker to identify major errors in treatment charts. To determine what constitutes an error, we used computer-aided clustering of error-free charts to first distinguish common and acceptable values of the treatment parameters. Then, a new treatment chart is compared to the clustering results and if it contains values that largely deviate from the norm, it is marked as having errors and considered an "outlier". The errors are brought to the attention of the human chart checkers so that they can be corrected. We applied an improved version of the K-Means clustering algorithm to a simple prostate cancer radiotherapy treatment model. 1000 treatment plans were used to build the clusters while another 650 plans were used to test our outlier detection method. It was found that there are eight distinct clusters of patients. In our model, we focused on two main sets of treatment parameters: beam energies and monitor units. Each set consists of four features that correspond to the direction in which the beam is administered: Anterior, Posterior, Right, and Left. By introducing ±100% error to the monitor unit features, the detection rate is about 100%. At ±50% error, the detection rate is about 80%. The false positive rate is about 10%. When purposely changing the beam energy to a value different from that in the treatment plan, the detection rate is 100% for posterior, right lateral, and left lateral fields, and about 77% for the anterior field. The results are very promising and our outlier detection methodology has the potential of identifying major errors in future radiotherapy treatment charts, thereby preventing devastating accidents.
Deployable structures mission in medium earth orbit (2005)

The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Space Vehicles Directorate has developed a mission to research the technologies needed for large space structures, high-power generation, and protection of space assets within the high radiation environment of a medium earth orbit (MEO). The resulting Deployable Structures Experiment (DSX) will address a number of basic science experiments via a single MEO testbed platform. The DSX concept, with specific emphasis on scientific merit, relevance to the Air Force needs, and necessity for flight demonstration, was conceived and proposed for further development in mid-2003. The program then went through 8 months of proposal and review, maturing the overall design, scientific merit and payoff, and Air Force relevance. Ultimately, of the six proposed concepts, DSX was selected in January 2004 as the next AFRL/VS basic research flight experiment. During 2004 the DSX concept was refined, with specific focus on requirement derivation and allocation to hardware and software solutions. The DSX mission, matured in parallel, is the primary subject of this paper. The baseline DSX experiment should be launch ready by late 2009, with at least one year of on-orbit operations scheduled. DSX comprises five research experiments, that paves the way for new Department of Defense (DoD) capabilities in space surveillance, microsats with large aperture and power, and protection of space assets from natural and enhanced radiation environments. The DSX experiments include research on: 1) Transformational deployed structures: the deployment, dimensional stability, and MEO environment degradation of large deployable space structures. 2) Adaptive control of structures: the on-orbit system identification (SysID) of the dynamics of these large deployable structures and the use of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) autonomous adaptive control techniques. 3) Radiation belt remediation: The physics of very low frequency (VLF, 3-30 kHz) electromagnetic wave injection from ground-based transmitters, propagation, and wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere relevant to radiation-belt remediation (RBR) techniques. 4) Lightweight, high-power, thin-film photovoltaics: the performance, radiation tolerance, plasma interactions, and thermal annealing of thin-film photovoltaics (TF-PV) in a MEO environment. 5) Space weather: The detailed measurement and mapping of energetic particle and plasma distributions in the poorly characterized MEO environment. Successful completion of the DSX mission will assist in removing power, aperture, and the MEO environment as significant design constraints for future space systems
Information-Theoretic Security in Space-Division Multiplexed Fiber Optic Networks (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Guan, P. J. Winzer, and E. Soljanin, "Information-Theoretic Security in Space-Division Multiplexed Fiber Optic Networks," in European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2012), paper Tu.3.C.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Abstract 34: Cognitive Outcomes Following Intracranial Injection of SB623 Cells in Patients with Stable Ischemic Strokes (2015)

Background: Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of disability with 90% of patients achieving no improvement after 90 days. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intraparenchymal administration of SB623 cells in chronic stroke. SB623 cells are adult bone-marrow-derived cells transfected with a plasmid encoding the intracellular domain of Notch-1 and have been shown to secrete factors that protect neurons in animal models. Methods: Patients with hemiparesis from stable subcortical ischemic stroke and NIHSS &gt; 7 received intracranial injection of 2.5, 5 or 10 million SB623 cells. Clinical outcome measures including NIHSS, MRS, ESS, FMA and cognitive testing including Rey verbal learning and figure copy, digit vigilance, digit-symbol coding, trails, logical memory, word association, Stroop interference and letter-number sequencing were recorded at baseline and then repeated at 6 and 12 months. Results: 18 patients were enrolled, 11 had complete data available for analysis. There was improvement from 0-12 months in Rey verbal learning (p = 0.033); and from 0-6 months in categorical word association (p = 0.014), which was affected by cell dose (p = 0.043). Patients with cortical versus deep infarcts showed more improvement on Rey figure immediate (p = 0.01) and delayed recall (p = 0.014), and digit-symbol coding (p = 0.042). Patients with left-sided infarcts showed more improvement on logical memory (T1 p = 0.038, T2 p = 0.008), but worsened performance on letter number sequencing (p = 0.046). Conclusions: Intraparenchymal injection of SB623 cells in chronic ischemic strokes resulted in improvement of some measures of cognitive function. Further investigation of cognitive function in stem cell therapy for stroke is warranted.
Replication‐dependent transgene expression from a conditionally replicating adenovirus via alternative splicing to a heterologous splice‐acceptor site (2005)

Transgene delivery using the endogenous late gene expression machinery resulted in an expression pattern distinct from expression driven by the conventional CMV promoter. The high expression levels and strict coupling of expression to viral replication should be useful for adequate monitoring of replication and might provide a platform for the design of armed conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) with enhanced oncolytic potency.
Physical aging in amorphous poly(ethylene furanoate): Enthalpic recovery, density, and oxygen transport considerations (2014)

The current work utilizes three separate techniques to study the physical aging process in amorphous poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF), which is a recently introduced engineering thermoplastic with enhanced properties compared to petroleum-sourced poly(ethylene terephthalate). Differential scanning calorimetry aging experiments were conducted at multiple aging temperatures and times, and the resultant enthalpic recovery values compared to the theoretical maximum enthalpy loss evaluated from calculations involving extrapolation of the equilibrium liquid line. Density measurements reveal densification of the matrix for the aged versus unaged samples, and provide an estimate for the reduction in free volume for the aged samples. Complementary oxygen permeation and pressure-decay sorption experiments provide independent verification of the free volume reduction mechanism for physical aging in glassy polymers. The current work provides the first detailed aging study for PEF. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 389–399
Investigating the Mechanism of Mena(INV)-Driven Metastasis (2013)

Abstract : Mena, an actin regulatory protein, is upregulated in human breast cancer and is alternatively spliced to produce protein isoforms with distinct functions during tumor progression. The invasion-specific MenaINV isoform, which is upregulated in invasive and motile cells, increases metastasis by potentiating tumor cell responses to EGF via dysregulation of the tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B. We show that expression of MenaINV sensitized responses to other EGFR ligands as well as two other growth factors associated with tumor progression, HGF and IGF, whose receptors are known PTP1B substrates. MenaINV can also drive invasion by affecting signalling downstream of integrins and via its direct interaction with 5 1. In 3D invasion assays, addition of fibronectin to a collagen gel drove invasion of MenaINV-expressing cells in the absence of any growth factor ligand, an effect which was driven by its interaction with 5 and dependent on signalling via EGFR and Met. Furthermore, addition of fibronectin caused an even greater potentiation of EGF-induced invasion by MenaINV, an effect which was dependent upon its interaction with 5. Overall, these results suggest that the pro-metastatic effects of MenaINV involve its ability to bind 5 and regulate bidirectional signaling with FN and growth factors in the tumor microenvironment.
Electrochemically Active Nitrogen-Enriched Nanocarbons with Well-Defined Morphology Synthesized by Pyrolysis of Self-Assembled Block Copolymer (2012)

Novel nanoporous nitrogen-enriched carbon materials were prepared through a simple carbonization procedure of well-defined block copolymer precursors containing the source of carbon, i.e., polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and a sacrificial block, i.e., poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA). The preparation of nitrogen-enriched nanocarbons with hierarchical pore structure was enabled by the high fidelity preservation of the initial phase-separated nanostructure between two polymer blocks upon carbonization. Supercapacitors fabricated from the prepared carbons exhibited unusually high capacitance per unit surface area (>30 μF/cm(2)) which was attributed to the pseudocapacitance resulting from the high nitrogen content originating from the PAN precursor. Electrochemical availability of the nitrogen species was also evident from the results of oxygen reduction experiments. The hierarchical pore structure and the high nitrogen content in such materials make them particularly promising for use in supercapacitor and electrocatalyst applications.
Using redundancy of round-trip ultrasound signal for non-continuous arrays: Application to gap and blockage compensation (2015)

In ultrasound imaging, an array of elements is used to image a medium. If part of the array is blocked by an obstacle, or if the array is made from several sub-arrays separated by a gap, grating lobes appear and the image is degraded. The grating lobes are caused by missing spatial frequencies, corresponding to the blocked or non-existing elements. However, in an active imaging system, where elements are used both for transmitting and receiving, the round trip signal is redundant: different pairs of transmit and receive elements carry similar information. It is shown here that, if the gaps are smaller than the active sub-apertures, this redundancy can be used to compensate for the missing signals and recover full resolution. Three algorithms are proposed: one is based on a synthetic aperture method, a second one uses dual-apodization beamforming, and the third one is a radio frequency (RF) data based deconvolution. The algorithms are evaluated on simulated and experimental data sets. An application could be imaging through ribs with a large aperture.
Degradation and annealing effects caused by oxygen in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (2016)

Hot-carrier degradation and room-temperature annealing effects are investigated in unpassivated ammonia-rich AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. Devices exhibit a fast recovery when annealed after hot carrier stress with all pins grounded. The recovered peak transconductance can exceed the original value, an effect that is not observed in control passivated samples. Density functional theory calculations suggest that dehydrogenation of pre-existing ON-H defects in AlGaN plays a significant role in the observed hot carrier degradation, and the resulting bare ON can naturally account for the “super-recovery” in the peak transconductance.
N and S co-doped nanosheet-like porous carbon derived from sorghum biomass: mechanical nanoarchitecturing for upgraded potassium ion batteries (2023)

Nanosheet-like sorghum biomass obtained by mild alkaline treatment and high-energy ball milling is heteroatom-doped with N and S during pyrolysis. The resulting N, S co-doped carbon shows a significantly improved K-ion storage as an anode material in potassium ion batteries.
Drug Off-Target Effects Predicted Using Structural Analysis in the Context of a Metabolic Network Model (2010)

Recent advances in structural bioinformatics have enabled the prediction of protein-drug off-targets based on their ligand binding sites. Concurrent developments in systems biology allow for prediction of the functional effects of system perturbations using large-scale network models. Integration of these two capabilities provides a framework for evaluating metabolic drug response phenotypes in silico. This combined approach was applied to investigate the hypertensive side effect of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor torcetrapib in the context of human renal function. A metabolic kidney model was generated in which to simulate drug treatment. Causal drug off-targets were predicted that have previously been observed to impact renal function in gene-deficient patients and may play a role in the adverse side effects observed in clinical trials. Genetic risk factors for drug treatment were also predicted that correspond to both characterized and unknown renal metabolic disorders as well as cryptic genetic deficiencies that are not expected to exhibit a renal disorder phenotype except under drug treatment. This study represents a novel integration of structural and systems biology and a first step towards computational systems medicine. The methodology introduced herein has important implications for drug development and personalized medicine.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Delafossite‐Type Oxides (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Selective Modulation of a Pan-Essential Protein as a Therapeutic Strategy in Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Differential NXT2 expression in neuroblastoma cell lines&lt;/p&gt;