gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Segmented Poly(ether ester)s Containing H‐Bonding Units (2003)

Abstract A series of poly(ether ester)s containing different H‐bonding units (amide, carbamate, urea) was prepared by polycondensation in bulk, using Ti(OBu) 4 as a catalyst. The copolymers were obtained starting from PEG1000, 1,4‐butanediol, and a symmetrical, bis‐ester terminated monomer carrying H‐bonding units. These materials were designed for biomedical applications, in which ultimate biodegradability of the materials is required. The influence of the nature of the H‐bonding unit and of the length of the methylene spacer between H‐bonding groups on the thermal and solubility properties of copolymers was investigated. Amide containing copolymers were more thermally stable than ones containing carbamate, consistent with the observed behavior of the corresponding monomers. In most cases, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) traces were quite complex because of phase separation and dependent on the applied cooling rate. Copolymers containing urea bonds were less soluble in most organic solvents, but their thermal properties were not significantly different than their amide containing counterparts. Synthesis of amide‐based diester monomers. magnified image Synthesis of amide‐based diester monomers.
Steatotic hepatocellular carcinoma: a variant associated with metabolic factors and late tumour relapse (2016)

Steatotic HCC is a common histological variant of HCC with distinct association with underlying fatty liver, steatohepatitis and metabolic risks. Despite more favourable baseline tumour features, it was associated with late tumour relapse.
Compressional and recovery behaviour of highloft nonwovens (2010)

The compressional and recovery behaviour of highloft nonwovens has been studied with a view to know how the fibre materials used and manufacturing technologies employed drive and dictate this behaviour. The results show significant effects of physical and mechanical properties of fibres on the compressional and recovery behaviour of highlofts. It is also observed that highlofts produced by different bonding technologies show significantly different compressional and recovery behaviour. The experimental results are found in satisfactory agreement with the theoretical results.
An Experimental Validation of Spectrally Matched Neutron Detection Systems Using 3He and BF3 (2023)

Here we perform the matching of neutron counts in two detector gasses through capture reactions and radiation transport–optimized moderating materials. One of our detectors uses helium-3 (3He) gas and has been widely used as a neutron detection material in proportional detector tube designs. This study examines boron trifluoride (BF3) as a potential gas for neutron detection in place of 3He based on a previously studied “spectrally matched” design derived from deterministic adjoint analyses that closely mimic the spectral response of 3He. The integrated spectral response of each tube, i.e., the count rate, is calculated and measured at various distances from an isotropic neutron source where similar “total sources” are achieved in either detection system. Our results show the integrated spectral response of a dual BF3 tube detector was within 10% of a single 3He tube when exposed to a similar source. GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the total source for each detector and showed count rates within 5% of those produced by MCNP, providing a strong confidence in its behavior in the thermal energy regime. We provide results in this study to partially validate the replacement based on the spectrally matched design, which will lead to further validation through the utilization of multiple neutron spectra via simulated and experimental studies.
A 0.11 PJ/OP, 0.32-128 Tops, Scalable Multi-Chip-Module-Based Deep Neural Network Accelerator Designed with A High-Productivity vlsi Methodology (2019)

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation.
CMR reference values for left ventricular volumes, mass, and ejection fraction using computer‐aided analysis: The Framingham Heart Study (2013)

We present CMR-derived LV reference values. There are significant age and sex differences in LV volumes, EF, and geometry, whereas mass differs between sexes but not age groups.
Design of a Novel, Cost-Effective Wide Field-Of-View Surface-Normal Optical Phased Array (2011)

We propose a novel surface-normal slow-light photonic crystal waveguide optical phased array that can provide high speed (~MHz), wide angle (&gt;45degreex45degree) beam scanning capability, with a reduced fabrication effort.
Cytoplasmic suppression of tumorigenicity in reconstructed mouse cells. (1988)

Previous cybrid studies aimed at demonstrating cytoplasmic suppression of tumorigenicity have been generally inconclusive because of (a) the use of mutagens or carcinogens to introduce nuclear-coded and cytoplasmic-coded genetic markers and (b) dilution of putative cytoplasmic suppressors with tumorigenic cytoplasm of whole cells used in the cybrid construction. We have circumvented these potential problems by examining tumorigenicity in reconstructed cells made from tumorigenic karyoplasts and nontumorigenic cytoplasts and by using a ricin-antiricin selection to obtain the reconstructed cells. Karyoplasts from tumorigenic NIH/3T3 cells that were derived from a clone that had survived incubation with benzo(a)pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxy (anti) and been passaged 17 times were fused to NIH/3T3 cytoplasts derived from nontumorigenic cells. The cytoplasts were loaded with antiricin antibody prior to fusion. Ten clones which survived ricin selection were not tumorigenic in nude mice. These findings offer support for the presence of cytoplasmic factors in nontumorigenic mouse cells that suppress benzo(a)pyrene epoxide-induced tumorigenicity.
Fuzzy logic control for lateral vehicle guidance (2002)

A candidate for intelligent control for lateral guidance of a vehicle is FLC (fuzzy logic control). A modularized FLC (feedback, preview, and gain scheduling modules) is designed based on manual tuning using information from characteristics of human driving operation and an existing controller. Three feedback FLCs with different feedback variables are designed. A fuzzy preview controller is developed to utilize preview information regarding upcoming radius of curvature. Also, a gain scheduling rule-base is designed to choose the appropriate controller based on the velocity of the vehicle. These fuzzy logic control strategies are implemented on the IMRA Test Vehicle, automatically following a multiple curved track using discrete magnetic markers as a lateral error reference system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Thermophilic and thermoacidophilic metabolism genes and enzymes from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius and related organisms, methods (2023)

Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods for modulating or altering metabolism in a cell using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.
Saliva Diagnostics in Asthma. (2009)

Rationale: There are similarities in the inflammatory immune response in the upper (sinus, nasal) and lower (bronchial) airways of individuals with atopic asthma. We hypothesize that due to the direct anatomic relation with the mouth, cytokine and pathogen composition of the airway will be reflected in saliva. Salivary analysis of cytokines and pathogens could offer noninvasive rapid diagnostic information on contributors to asthma control deterioration. Methods: Patients all underwent a detailed history and physical exam focused on asthma control (patients with asthma) and dental health before collection of 10 ml whole saliva with a neutral masticatory stimulus. From a set of 165 patients with asthma in varying states of control and 40 healthy individuals, preliminary analysis was performed on whole saliva from 20 in each group. Salivary cytokines were measured by ELISA and microsphere-based antibody array. The presence of common respiratory viral pathogens was detected by PCR amplification of salivary pellet DNA. Results: Compared with levels in healthy control subjects, VEGF, RANTES/CCL5, IL-6, and TIMP-1, but not eotaxin-3/CCL26, were elevated in saliva of patients with asthma. As a group, 13/ 20 patients with asthma had one or two respiratory viruses detected by PCR; six of these had typical viral URTI symptoms. Notably, the prevalence of viral detection was not different between patients with stable asthma and those with poorly controlled asthma. Conclusion: Inflammatory proteins and viral pathogens known to be expressed in the asthmatic airway can be detected in whole saliva. Specific salivary (and/or nasal lavage) cytokine and pathogen profiles from a multi-analyte array may provide biomarkers of deteriorated asthma control.
T2-weighted Spine Imaging using a Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo Pulse Sequence (2019)

T2 weighted imaging of the spine is commonly performed using fast spin echo (FSE/TSE) based sequences, resulting in long scan times and vulnerability to motion artifacts. While single shot fast spin echo sequences have been attempted, their adoption has been limited by poor spatial resolution and specific absorption rate (SAR) limitations. We investigate the use of a half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo variable flip angle (HASTE-VFA) sequence for T2 weighted spine imaging. A variable refocusing flip angle echo train was first optimized for the spine to improve the point spread function (PSF) and minimize SAR, yielding images with improved spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio compared to the constant flip angle sequence. Data was acquired from 29 patients (20 lumbar and thoracolumbar, 9 whole-spine) using conventional fast spin echo and the proposed variable flip angle single-shot sequences. All images were graded by two experienced neuroradiologists in a blinded fashion and scores were assigned based on blurring, motion, artifacts, and noise as well as appearance of disks, facet joints, end plates, nerve roots and the spinal cord.
Attitude synchronization of multiple rigid bodies in SE(3) over proximity networks (2016)

This paper investigates the attitude synchronization of a group of moving rigid bodies whose states including positions and rotation matrices evolve in the Lie group SE(3). The commonly used circular neighborhood is adopted, and the neighbor graphs are described by proximity networks. In order to avoid introducing discussions on the abrupt changes of neighbor graphs, a dwell time is introduced. The distributed sampled-data control law for the angular velocity is designed. Under the assumptions on the initial states, we provide sufficient conditions for the attitude synchronization of multiple rigid body system. Compared with the existing results, our condition depends only on the neighborhood radius, the moving velocity and the dwell time.
Noncollinear Spin Structure in Fe–Ni Invar Alloy Probed by Magnetic EXAFS at High Pressure (2011)

To examine theoretical models of the Invar effect, X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and magnetic extended X-ray absorption fine structure (MEXAFS) measurements are performed under high pressures at the Fe and Ni K -edges in 35.4 at. % Ni–Fe alloy. An oscillatory MEXAFS signal is observed up to 6 GPa. Its amplitude significantly decreases with increasing pressure. The magnetic component of the radial distribution function, obtained by taking the Fourier transform, shows a different reduction in the ferromagnetic correlations of Fe and Ni absorbing atoms. The present results are favorable to the noncollinear spin structure picture rather than the Fe 2γ-state model.
Fonctionnaliser le verre pour de nouvelles propriétés optiques (2022)

Si le verre possède de nombreux atouts, ses propriétés optiques sont parmi les plus remarquables. Sa transparence et son indice de réfraction ont longtemps été reliés exclusivement à sa composition globale. Cependant, la structuration des propriétés optiques en surface ou au coeur du verre, à l’échelle micro ou nanométrique, connait un engouement particulier ces dernières années. Nous nous intéressons dans cet article à la structuration multidimensionnelle des verres par des impulsions lasers ultracourtes ou par l’insertion de nanoparticules au sein de fibres optiques. Cette approche mène à de nouvelles applications en photonique, mais aussi en optofluidique, optomécanique, micromoulage d’optiques ou encore pour le stockage optique pérenne d’informations.
Disaggregated Daylight–Artificial Light Sensing (2012)

Control of lighting systems that adapt to daylight is known to be energy efficient. An underlying challenge in such control is the estimation of daylight level. We consider the problem of disaggregated estimation of the daylight and artificial light levels in a lighting system. To facilitate this disaggregation, the light output from each light source is modulated and the system operates under a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance protocol. At the light sensor, the received electrical signal is a superposition of the light contributions from daylight and artificial light sources. We present algorithms to process the sensor signal to estimate the daylight and artificial light levels. An optimum joint least-squares estimator is analyzed and, subsequently, two practical successive estimation algorithms are proposed. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated analytically and validated via experimental results.
Bistable switching and gain recovery dynamics in hybrid III–V/SOI nanolasers (2012)

We report on optical bistability based on injection locking of hybrid III–V/Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) nanolaser. Switching power is measured below 40μW. 30ps switching time is deduced from gain recovery time measurement.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of Functionalized Mesogenic 2,6‐Bisbenzimidazolylpyridine Ligands. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mathematical model for biomolecular quantification using large-area surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy mapping (2015)

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on nanostructured platforms is a promising technique for quantitative and highly sensitive detection of biomolecules in the field of analytical biochemistry. Here, we report a mathematical model to predict experimental SERS signal (or hotspot) intensity distributions of target molecules on receptor-functionalized nanopillar substrates for biomolecular quantification. We demonstrate that by utilizing only a small set of empirically determined parameters, our general theoretical framework agrees with the experimental data particularly well in the picomolar concentration regimes. This developed model may be generally used for biomolecular quantification using Raman mapping on SERS substrates with planar geometries, in which the hotspots are approximated as electromagnetic enhancement fields generated by closely spaced dimers. Lastly, we also show that the detection limit of a specific target molecule, TAMRA-labeled vasopressin, approaches the single molecule level, thus opening up an exciting new chapter in the field of SERS quantification.
Towards discovery of novel scaffold with potent antiangiogenic activity; design, synthesis of pyridazine based compounds, impact of hinge interaction, and accessibility of their bioactive conformation on VEGFR-2 activities (2019)

Pyridazine scaffolds are considered privileged structures pertaining to its novelty, chemical stability, and synthetic feasibility. In our quest towards the development of novel scaffolds for effective vascular endothelial growth 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibition with antiangiogenic activity, four novel series of pyridazines were designed and synthesised. Five of the synthesised compounds; namely (<b>8c, 8f, 15, 18b, and 18c)</b> exhibited potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory potency (>80%); with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from low micromolar to nanomolar range; namely compounds <b>8c, 8f, 15, 18c</b> with (1.8 µM, 1.3 µM, 1.4 µM, 107 nM), respectively. Moreover, 3-[4-{(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl)oxy}phenyl]urea derivative <b>(18b)</b> exhibited nanomolar potency towards VEGFR-2 (60.7 nM). In cellular assay, the above compounds showed excellent inhibition of VEGF-stimulated proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells at 10 μM concentration. Finally, an extensive molecular simulation study was performed to investigate the probable interaction with VEGFR-2.
Bounda ry Efiects on the E-ciency of Direct Infra-Red Optical Tomography (2010)

This study aims at emphasizing the efiects of re∞ective boundary conditions (BC) on direct imaging with the help of simulation of radiative transfer in dense media lighted by laser beams. The direct method is based on the formation of an image whose contrast is determined by a combination of the asymptotic logarithmic regime back-scattered slopes obtained at locations distributed on the sample surface. It is found that the asymptotic logarithmic regime is strongly dependent on the frontier re∞ectivity. As may be expected from physics, re∞ecting BC damage the image directly obtained as the longer path of the photons tends to blur the contrast.
Tissue-on-Tissue Testing of Dry Eye Formulations for Reduction of Bioadhesion (2006)

Glutaraldehyde-preserved, human umbilical cord vein graft (UCVG) was selected as a stable surrogate tissue source for testing of bioadhesion-reducing lubricants. Bioadhesion, as manifested in tissue-on-tissue friction coefficients of 0.2–0.4 for saline-lubricated UCVG, was quantitatively and persistently reduced after the instillation of a single aliquot of an ophthalmic “artificial tears” formulation containing active demulcents polyethylene glycol (PEG400) and propylene glycol (PG), as well as a gellable hydroxypropyl guar (HP Guar) in a borate-buffered solution between the “blinking” tissues. Reduced adhesion was maintained (was “substantive”), even after rinsing excess lubricant from the surfaces. Comparative tests with tissue-on-solid, and solid-on-solid, similarly lubricated couples point to a potentially unique mechanism that involves macromolecules modifying the tissue phases to provide rinse-resistant lubricity and surface protection in articulated tissue-to-tissue interfaces. Results for tissue-on-tissue couples were obtained in laboratory trials utilizing a reciprocating pin-on-disc type friction/wear test device articulating preserved human umbilical cord vein segments under increasing loads, and again after saline rinsing to determine persistence of the friction-reducing effects. A single confirmatory test using donated human cornea against vein graft tissue showed the lowest coefficient of friction, below 0.05, for the “artificial tears” formulation. Mechanistic studies employing the same test device and protocol for metal oxide (germanium)-on-metal oxide couples, as well as for metal oxide-on-tissue couples, indicated that simple increases in viscosity were not the likely sources of friction reduction, and revealed frictional values higher than measured for the similarly lubricated tissue-on-tissue couples. Thus, formulation development to minimize bioadhesion requires that appropriate simulations be used to obtain clinically predictive data for circumstances of liquid uptake into the tissues, resultant tissue swelling, and binding to impermeable adjacent materials.
Oxygen-Free\nAtomic Layer Deposition of Indium Sulfide (2016)

Atomic\nlayer deposition (ALD) of indium sulfide (In&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) films was achieved using a newly synthesized indium precursor and\nhydrogen sulfide. We obtain dense and adherent thin films free from\nhalide and oxygen impurities. Self-limiting half-reactions are demonstrated\nat temperatures up to 225 °C, where oriented crystalline thin\nfilms are obtained without further annealing. Low-temperature growth\nof 0.89 Å/cycle is observed at 150 °C, while higher growth\ntemperatures gradually reduce the per-cycle growth rate. Rutherford\nbackscattering spectroscopy (RBS) together with depth-profiling Auger\nelectron spectroscopy (AES) reveal a S/In ratio of 1.5 with no detectable\ncarbon, nitrogen, halogen, or oxygen impurities. The resistivity of\nthin films prior to air exposure decreases with increasing deposition\ntemperature, reaching &lt;1 Ω·cm for films deposited at\n225 °C. Hall measurements reveal n-type conductivity due to free\nelectron concentrations up to 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; cm&lt;sup&gt;–3&lt;/sup&gt; and mobilities of order 1 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/(V·s). The digital\nsynthesis of In&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; via ALD at temperatures up\nto 225 °C may allow high quality thin films to be leveraged in\noptoelectronic devices including photovoltaic absorbers, buffer layers,\nand intermediate band materials.
THE EXPECTED EXTREMES IN A DELAUNAY TRIANGULATION (1991)

We give an expected-case analysis of Delaunay triangulations. To avoid edge effects we consider a unit-intensity Poisson process in Euclidean d-space, and then limit attention to the portion of the triangulation within a cube of side n 1/d . For d equal to two, we calculate the expected maximum edge length, the expected minimum and maximum angles, and the average aspect ratio of a triangle. We also show that in any fixed dimension the expected maximum vertex degree is Θ( log n/ log log n). Altogether our results provide some measure of the suitability of the Delaunay triangulation for certain applications, such as interpolation and mesh generation.
Microwave Sintering and Infiltration of Highly Porous Silicon Nitride Ceramics to Form Dense Ceramics (2005)

A new processing route for porous b-Si3N4 –ceramics suitable as substrates for Si3N4 functionally graded materials, FGM`s with an environmental barrier coating, EBC, is described. Such materials could be useful for operation at temperatures up to 1650°C in combustion engines, where oxidation and corrosion under hydrothermal conditions cause severe damage of known dense Si3N4-ceramics. The new process is based on microwave sintering of a-Si3N4–Yb-silicate green parts to obtain up to 60% open porous b-Si3N4 pre-forms equilibrated at high temperature with respect to the RE-silicate content, followed by Si-melt infiltration. A sufficient wetting by molten silicon is achieved by coating the inner surface of the porous pre-form with amorphous carbon prior to infiltration. The influence of different green processing parameters and different heating methods - microwave heating and conventional heating – on the porosity of the pre-form is reported. Infiltration is performed by microwave heating of the carbon coated pre-forms, whereas for nitridation both heating processes are combined.
Analog Gated Recurrent Neural Network for Detecting Chewing Events (2022)

We present a novel gated recurrent neural network to detect when a person is chewing on food. We implemented the neural network as a custom analog integrated circuit in a 0.18 um CMOS technology. The neural network was trained on 6.4 hours of data collected from a contact microphone that was mounted on volunteers' mastoid bones. When tested on 1.6 hours of previously-unseen data, the neural network identified chewing events at a 24-second time resolution. It achieved a recall of 91% and an F1-score of 94% while consuming 1.1 uW of power. A system for detecting whole eating episodes -- like meals and snacks -- that is based on the novel analog neural network consumes an estimated 18.8uW of power.