gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Emerging Innovative UV Disinfection Technology (Part II): Virucide Activity on SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become a global health burden. Surface sanitation is one of the key points to reduce the risk of transmission both in healthcare and other public spaces. UVC light is already used in hospital and laboratory infection control, and some recent studies have shown its effectiveness on SARS-CoV-2. An innovative UV chip technology, described in Part I of this study, has recently appeared able to overcome the limits of old lamps and is proposed as a valid alternative to LEDs. This study was designed to test the virucidal activity on SARS-CoV-2 of a device based on the new UV chip technology. Via an initial concentration of virus suspension of 10<sup>7.2</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/mL, the tests revealed a viral charge reduction of more than 99.9% after 3 min; the maximum detectable attenuation value of Log<sub>10</sub> = 5.7 was measured at 10 min of UV exposure.
Abstract 3548: Selective targeting of pancreatic tumors lacking methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) (2011)

Abstract The pancreatic cancer cell line, Mia PACA, lacks MTAP, and as a result is unable to salvage adenine and methionine, products of methylthioadenosine (MTA) metabolism by MTAP, and is more sensitive to de novo purine synthesis inhibitors (thiopurines, methotrexate, azaserine and L-alanosine). In addition, MTAP deficiency creates a condition where normal, but not tumor tissues, can be protected from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity by MTA. In normal tissue, MTA is converted to adenine, consuming 5-phosphoribose-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) and competitively inhibiting phosphoribosylation of 5-FU (and subsequent cellular retention and inhibition of thymidylate synthase and incorporation into RNA). In MTAP deficient tumors, MTA can not generate adenine; the relative lack of adenine, and abundance of PRPP favors phosphoribosylation of 5-FU to nucleotides. The MTAP gene is linked to the tumor suppressor p16INK4 locus on chromosome 9p21. This locus is frequently deleted in human cancer. As a result, relative or complete MTAP deficiency is common in several human cancers, including pancreatic cancer (33%). We have transfected the Mia PACA cell line with MTAP cDNA and generated three sublines that express MTAP. The parenteral cell line lacking MTAP expression is more sensitive to 5-FU (4 h treatment), and toxicity is not ameliorated by pretreatment with MTA. In contrast, the three sublines expressing MTAP are a log less sensitive to 5FU, when pretreated with MTA. As pancreatic cancer is known to be somewhat responsive to treatment with 5-FU, but doses are limited by toxicity, the protection of the host from toxicity by MTA pretreatment may allow higher doses of 5-FU to be safely given and allow gemcitabine, another antimetabolite used to treat patients with pancreatic cancer, to be added in full doses. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3548. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3548
A new low-cost, compact, auto-phoropter for refractive assessment in developing countries (2017)

Using a phoropter to measure the refractive error is one of the most commonly used methods by ophthalmologists and optometrists. Here, we demonstrate design and fabrication of a portable automatic phoropter with no need for patient's feedback. The system is based on three tunable-focus fluidic lenses and thin-film holographic optical elements to perform automatic refractive error measurement and provide a diagnostic prescription without supervision. Three separate lenses are deployed to correct the defocus and astigmatism. The refractive error is measured using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor that calculates the Zernike values of an infrared wavefront emerging from the eye. Holographic optical elements steer the emerging wavefront into the wavefront sensor, while simultaneously providing an unobstructed view for the subject. The power of each lens is controlled by pumping a liquid in and out of the lens chamber using servo motor actuated diaphragm pumps. Spherical and cylindrical correction range of -10 to +10 diopters with 0.1 diopter increments is achieved in less than 15 seconds using wavefront sensor feedback to the pumps. This system can be used in rapid screening of large patient populations especially in the developing countries that lack sufficient facilities and specialist doctors.
Inhibition of translation by poliovirus: inactivation of a specific initiation factor. (1978)

Translation of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) mRNA, like host mRNA translation, is inhibited in cells infected with poliovirus. To study the mechanism of poliovirus-induced inhibition of protein synthesis, we prepared extracts from poliovirus-infected and uninfected HeLa cells. Poliovirus mRNA was translated in lysates from both infected and uninfected cells, while VSV mRNA was translated only in the lysate from uninfected cells. Addition of purified translation initiation factors to the extract from infected cells showed that one factor, eIF-4B, could restore VSV mRNA translation in the infected lysate, but did not increase poliovirus mRNA translation. Further experiments involving translation of VSV mRNA in mixed extracts from poliovirus-infected and uninfected cells showed (i) that there was not an excess of an inhibitor of VSV mRNA translation in the infected lysate, but (ii) that an acitivity that caused a slow inactivation of eIF-4B was present in the infected lysate. Inactivation of eIF-4B appears to be the mechanism by which poliovirus infection causes a selective inhibition of translation.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONAL PROPERTIES OF METHYL 6,6‐DI‐C‐METHYL‐β‐D‐GALACTOPYRANOSIDE. PROBES FOR THE COMBINING SITES OF D‐GALACTOSYL‐BINDING PROTEINS (1984)

Abstract Die Diisopropylidengalactose (Ia) wird zum Aldehyd (Ib) oxidiert und durch eine Grignard‐Reaktion zum Alkohol (Ic) reduziert.
Effect of 12 weeks of continuous burdock sprout extract intake on oxidized LDL: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-groups study (2021)

Background: Arctigenin, a lignan polyphenol found in burdock sprout, is a potent activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and has beneficial effects on metabolic disorders in mice. This highlights the potential value of arctigenin for the reduction of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) by activation of AMPK in human, but not well elucidated.Methods: We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-groups study in healthy adults to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of a continuous intake of burdock sprout extract enriched with arctigenin on lipid metabolism. The subjects were 100 Japanese individuals with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) &lt; 140 mg/dl and a body mass index (BMI) of 23–30 kg/m2 who were randomly assigned to receive either burdock sprout extract (test food) or a placebo. The test food was encapsulated burdock sprout extract containing approximately 40 mg of arctigenin equivalent per day, and the placebo capsules contained no burdock sprout extract. The subjects consumed the assigned foods daily for 12 weeks.Results: The test food significantly suppressed oxLDL after 12 weeks in subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or higher. The test food inhibited an increase in the FIB-4 index (liver fibrosis index), an indicator of hepatic fibrosis. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis revealed a significant correlation between oxLDL and FIB-4 index changes, suggesting that the test food suppressed the rise in the FIB-4 index by controlling oxLDL while maintaining the platelet count.Conclusions: We conclude that the consumption of a burdock sprout supplement containing arctigenin is effective in suppressing oxLDL, which may prevent liver fibrosis.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000036664Keywords: arctigenin, burdock sprout, oxidized LDL, FIB-4 index, randomized controlled study
Combustion Dynamics Validation of an Annular Reheat Combustor (2012)

This paper deals with a detailed thermoacoustic assessment of an annular reheat combustor. Extensive tests have been conducted in the GT26 Test Power Plant in Switzerland. To this end, the combustion chamber has been instrumented with advanced pulsation sensors, an optical probe, strain gauges and accelerometers. A large number of dynamic pressure sensors recorded the acoustic pressure wave propagations in the axial and circumferential directions over a very large frequency range. A modal analysis technique has been developed to extract the acoustic mode shapes from the experimental data. This technique allows for decomposition in standing and traveling waves, hence revealing the nature of the acoustic field. The extracted mode shapes showed a very good agreement with results from 3-d finite element calculations. Combustion stability has been quantified by a methodology that extracts pulsation growth rates from experimental data. This novel method relies on advanced statistic processing of the instantaneous pulsation amplitudes. It has the advantage that it is insensitive to probe location, which is of particular advantage for high frequencies (higher than 1 kHz).
Transformation of Cellulose into Biodegradable Alkyl Glycosides by Following Two Different Chemical Routes (2011)

The transformation of cellulose into long-chain alkyl glycoside surfactants has been carried out following two different routes: (1) Direct transformation of cellulose to butyl-, hexyl-, octyl-, decyl- and dodecyl-α,β-glycosides in an ionic liquid media and Amberlyst-15Dry as catalysts, with mass yield of up to 82 %; and (2) two steps reaction with transformation of cellulose into methyl glucosides, with a procedure described by Zhang et al., followed by transacetalation with 1-octanol and 1-decanol in the presence of Amberlyst-15Dry. A kinetic study for the direct transformation of cellulose using 1-octanol has shown that depolymerisation of cellulose continues during the Fischer glycosidation. Increasing the chain length of the alcohol decreases the global reaction rate owing to an increase in the lipophilicity of the alcohol that decreases its contact with the carbohydrates. Finally, several acid catalysts were tested and the best results were obtained with Amberlyst-15Dry.
Exceptional points make an astroid in non-Hermitian Lieb lattice: Evolution and topological protection (2020)

An astroid-shaped loop of exceptional points (EPs), comprising four cusps, is found to spawn from the triple degeneracy point in the Brillouin zone (BZ) of a Lieb lattice with nearest-neighbor hoppings when non-Hermiticity is introduced. The occurrence of the EP loop is due to the realness of the discriminant which is guaranteed by the non-Hermitian chiral symmetry. The EPs at the four cusps involve the coalescence of three eigenstates, which is the combined result of the non-Hermitian chiral symmetry and mirror-T symmetry. The EP loop is exactly an astroid in the limit of an infinitesimal non-Hermiticity. The EP loop expands from the $\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}M$ point with increasing non-Hermiticity and splits into two EP loops at a critical non-Hermiticity. The further increase of non-Hermiticity contracts the two EP loops towards and finally to two EPs at the $\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}X$ and $\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}Y$ points in the BZ, accompanied by the emergence of Dirac-like cones. The two EPs vanish at a larger non-Hermiticity. The EP loop disappears and several discrete EPs are found to survive when next-nearest hoppings are introduced to break the non-Hermitian chiral symmetry. A topological invariant called the discriminant number is used to characterize their robustness against perturbations. Both discrete EPs and those on the EP loop(s) are found to show anisotropic asymptotic behaviors. Finally, the experimental realization of the Lieb lattice using a coupled waveguide array is discussed.
Optimized Crossover for the Independent Set Problem (1997)

We propose a knowledge-based crossover mechanism for genetic algorithms that exploits the structure of the solution rather than its coding. More generally, we suggest broad guidelines for constructing the knowledge-based crossover mechanisms. This technique uses an optimized crossover mechanism, in which the one of the two children is constructed in such a way as to have the best objective function value from the feasible set of children, while the other is constructed so as to maintain the diversity of the search space. We implement our approach on a classical combinatorial problem, called the independent set problem. The resulting genetic algorithm dominates all other genetic algorithms for the problem and yields one of the best heuristics for the independent set problem in terms of robustness and time performance. The primary purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the power of knowledge based mechanisms in genetic algorithms.
Floating body CMOS phototransistor memory (2010)

An optoelectronic CMOS memory technology is proposed where photon induced floating body effect stimulates switching and hysteresis in the transistor. The floating body effect is induced by exceedingly few carriers generated by two photon absorption.
A Hermitian Positive Definite neural network for micro-Doppler complex covariance processing (2019)

In its raw form, micro-Doppler radar data takes the form of a complex time-series, which can be seen as multiple realizations of a Gaussian process. As such, a complex covariance matrix constitutes a viable and synthetic representation of such data. In this paper, we introduce a neural network on Hermitian Positive Definite (HPD) matrices, that is complex-valued Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices, or complex covariance matrices. We validate this new architecture on synthetic data, comparing against previous similar methods.
Genetic deletion of an instability motif in the Tristetraprolin (TTP) transcript: Implications for the treatment of systemic inflammation (2012)

TTP is an RNA binding protein that binds to AU‐rich elements (AREs) in the 3’ untranslated regions of specific mRNAs such as TNFα leading to mRNA deadenylation and decay. Mice deficient in TTP develop a systemic inflammation characterized by erosive arthritis. This phenotype is almost completely due to an excess of TNFα, since the administration of anti‐TNFα antibodies can almost completely prevent the development of this phenotype. The TTP transcript also contains an ARE within its 3’UTR, which may be responsible for the extreme lability of TTP mRNA and we have recently demonstrated that TTP can use some of these sites to regulate its own expression. In this study, we used “knock in” technology to delete the ARE of the TTP mRNA from the mouse genome. Deleting the ARE of the TTP mRNA enhanced its stability as well as increased the levels of TTP protein. LPS induced expression of TNFα mRNA and protein was reduced in macrophages from TTPΔARE mice. In addition, LPS induction of other proinflammatory cytokine mRNAs, such as those encoding IL6 and IL1β, was also found to be significantly reduced. These results suggest that an attempt towards increasing TTP levels in cells could represent a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Moreover, TTPΔARE mice might represent a useful model system for examining the effects of modestly increased but normally regulated TTP levels in systemic inflammatory diseases.
Exploiting hardware sharing in high-level synthesis for partial scan optimization (2002)

A new approach to high level synthesis, which simultaneously addresses testability and resource utilization, is presented. We explore the relationship between hardware sharing, loops in the synthesized data-path, and partial scan overhead. Since loops make a circuit hard to test, a comprehensive analysis of the sources of loops in the data path, created during high level synthesis, is provided. The paper introduces the problem of breaking CDFG loops with a minimal number of scan registers. Subsequent scheduling and assignment avoid formation of loops in the data path by sharing the scan registers, while ensuring high resource utilization. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique to synthesize easily testable data paths, with significantly less partial scan cost than a gate-level partial scan approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Electrochemistry of the Li Single Wall Carbon Nanotube System. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diastereoselective synthesis, binding affinity for vitamin D receptor, and chiral stationary phase chromatography of hydroxy analogs of 1,25‐dihydroxycholecalciferol and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol (1999)

A series of analogs of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were obtained with an additional hydroxyl in the aliphatic side chain at carbon atom C-24. These analogs were synthesized by direct and diastereo-selective α-hydroxylation of enolates derived from respective vitamin D esters using Davies chiral oxaziridines. The use of (+)-(2R,8aS)-(8,8-dichlorocamphoryl)sulfonyl oxaziridine resulted in (R) stereochemistry of the new asymmetric center for both series of analogs. Similarly, (−)-(2S,8aR) oxaziridine gave (S) analogs. The diastereomeric purity of hydroxy analogs was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography on a chiral stationary phase. High diastereopurity of hydroxylation of vitamin D esters was obtained without the use of any chiral auxiliary. The binding affinity of (24R)-1,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol for the calf thymus intracellular vitamin D receptor was one order of magnitude higher than that of the respective (24S)-diastereomer. Chirality 11:701–706, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Novel technetium-99m-labeled platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists as potential imaging agents for venous and arterial thrombosis (1998)

These data suggest a potential utility of 99mTc-GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists, but not of direct thrombin inhibitors, in the diagnosis of venous clots in deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and arterial thromboembolic disorders including stroke and coronary and peripheral artery thrombotic disorders.
First-in-human, open-label, phase 1/2 study of the monoclonal antibody programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor cetrelimab (JNJ-63723283) in patients with advanced cancers (2022)

NCT02908906 at ClinicalTrials.gov, September 21, 2016; EudraCT 2016-002,017-22 at clinicaltrialsregister.eu, Jan 11, 2017.
Free carrier lifetime modification for silicon waveguide based devices (2008)

We investigate the effect of silicon ion irradiation on free carrier lifetime in silicon waveguides, and thus its ability to reduce the density of two-photon-absorption (TPA) generated free carriers. Our experimental results show that free carrier lifetime can be reduced significantly by silicon ion implantation. Associated excess optical absorption from the implanted ions can be reduced to an acceptable level if irradiation energy and dose are correctly chosen. Simulations of Raman scattering suggest that net gain can be achieved in certain cases without the need for an integrated diode in reverse bias to remove the photo-generated free carriers.
Facile Reduction of Aromatic Aldehydes, Ketones, Diketones and Oxo Aldehydes to Alcohols by an Aqueous TiCl3/NH3 System: Selectivity and Scope. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Outcomes after Mutational Profiling of Pancreatic Cyst Fluids (2012)

Purpose: Pancreatic cysts are frequently detected via imaging, and may have varying potential for malignancy, though most are benign. First line testing (imaging, cytology, and CEA) does not adequately detect malignancy, often resulting in excessive use surgery to manage these cysts. Mutational profiling of pancreatic cysts has emerged as a second-line testing alternative to aid in the determination of the risk of malignancy. We sought to determine the outcomes of patients who had previously been tested with integrated mutational profiling (PathFinderTG, RedPath Integrated Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA) in order to evaluate its performance characteristics. Methods: 362 patients with pancreatic cysts were tested using mutational profiling of pancreatic cyst fluid. Outcomes on 80 patients were determined from review of patient charts. These 80 patients ranged in age from 38 to 94 years (mean 69.6 years, 69% over 65 years). There were 60 females (75%) and 20 males (25%). Malignant diagnoses were confirmed by surgical pathology, positive cytology, or clinical cancer treatment. Benign outcomes were defined as surgical pathology with no malignancy or 2 years with no disease progression. In the present analysis, patients with less than 2 years followup were excluded. For patients who were tested serially over the followup period, the diagnosis from the first case was used as the reference. DNA for mutational profiling was extracted from pancreatic cyst fluid and tested for mutations in a panel of 16 microsatellites targeting 1p, 3p, 5q, 9p, 10q, 17p, 17q, 18q, 21q, 22q plus point mutation in KRAS. Diagnosis incorporated DNA quantity and quality, and integrated relevant imaging or cytologic findings. Overall diagnosis of biological behavior was categorized as Benign, statistically indolent low (SI-Low), statistically indolent high (SI-High), or Aggressive. Diagnoses of Benign and SI-Low were treated as negative for malignancy, and SI-High and Aggressive as positive. Results:Table 1 shows integrated mutational profiling results versus outcome for 80 cyst fluids. Sensitivity and specificity in cyst fluids were 90% and 97%, with accuracy of 96%. The relative risk (RR) of malignancy was 56.5 times greater among cysts diagnosed as positive than as negative.Table 1: No Caption available.Conclusion: Integrated molecular testing of pancreatic cyst fluid shows high overall accuracy and can be a useful addition to first-line testing to assess malignant potential of pancreatic cysts. Disclosure: Damien Mallat - No financial relationship with RedPath Eric Ellsworth - Employee of RedPath Integrated Pathology. Ann-Marie Terry - Employee of RedPath Integrated Pathology. Brendan Corcoran - Employee of RedPath Integrated Pathology Sydney. Finkelstein - Employee, Stockholder, Patent Holder of RedPath Integrated Pathology. This research was supported by an industry grant from RedPath Integrated Pathology paid costs for IRB submission, and paid staff time for retrieval of records. Dr. Mallat received no grants or payment for this study.
Sparse signal recovery in the presence of intra-vector and inter-vector correlation (2012)

This work discusses the problem of sparse signal recovery when there is correlation among the values of nonzero entries. We examine intra-vector correlation in the context of the block sparse model and inter-vector correlation in the context of the multiple measurement vector model, as well as their combination. Algorithms based on the sparse Bayesian learning are presented and the benefits of incorporating correlation at the algorithm level are discussed. The impact of correlation on the limits of support recovery is also discussed highlighting the different impact intra-vector and inter-vector correlations have on such limits.