gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic preparative free‐flow isoelectric focusing in a triangular channel: System development and characterization (2010)

A preparative scale free-flow IEF device is developed and characterized with the aim of addressing needs of molecular biologists working with protein samples on the milligrams and milliliters scale. A triangular-shape separation channel facilitates the establishment of the pH gradient with a corresponding increase in separation efficiency and decrease in focusing time compared with that in a regular rectangular channel. Functionalized, ion-permeable poly(acrylamide) gel membranes are sandwiched between PDMS and glass layers to both isolate the electrode buffers from the central separation channel and also to selectively adjust the voltage efficiency across the separation channel to achieve high electric field separation. The 50 x 70 mm device is fabricated by soft lithography and has 24 outlets evenly spaced across a pH gradient between pH 4 and 10. This preparative free-flow IEF system is investigated and optimized for both aqueous and denaturing conditions with respect to the electric field and potential efficiency and with consideration of Joule-heating removal. Energy distribution across the functionalized polyacrylamide gel is investigated and controlled to adjust the potential efficiency between 15 and 80% across the triangular separation channel. The device is able to achieve constant electric fields high as 370+/-20 V/cm through the entire triangular channel given the separation voltage of 1800 V, enabling separation of five fluorescent pI markers as a demonstration example.
Porous Epoxy Film for Low Dielectric Constant Chip Substrates and Boards (2018)

Lowering the dielectric constant of interconnect, substrates and boards for electronic devices is needed to achieve faster switching speed and smaller electronic device packages. A feasible way to reduce the dielectric constant of existing material is by introducing porosity within the dielectric film. The density of pores and pore size play an important role in determining the mechanical property and electrical property of the film. An increase in the pore fraction leads to lower dielectric constant. However, higher pore fraction can deteriorate the mechanical properties. Therefore, it is important to achieve a balance between dielectric constant and mechanical properties. In this study, a low molecular weight sacrificial polymer poly(propylene carbonate) was functionalized with epoxide groups to increase its miscibility in an FR4 epoxy resin formulation by cross-linking it with the epoxy matrix. During or after curing, the epoxy resin can be heated to a temperature to generate the porous structure by evolution of the sacrificial polymer products. The mechanical and dielectric properties were measured to show the feasibility of using this modified sacrificial polymer in existing FR4 epoxy formulations to achieve lower dielectric constant interconnect.
Supplementary Figure 3 from VTX-2337 Is a Novel TLR8 Agonist That Activates NK Cells and Augments ADCC (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 88K&lt;/p&gt;
Enabling multi-finger, multi-hand virtualized grasping (2004)

This paper presents a series of kinematic and haptic analysis, which lead to the design of a particularly simple, yet useful multi-hand multi-finger haptic interface. We also discuss rendering issues, which must be addressed in utilizing it, including and extension of the proxy to more general contact.
Closed-loop control for cardiopulmonary management and intensive care unit sedation using expert systems (2010)

Patients in the intensive care unit who require mechanical ventilation due to acute respiratory failure also frequently require the administration of sedative agents. The need for sedation arises both from patient anxiety due to the loss of personal control and the unfamiliar and intrusive environment of the intensive care unit, and also due to pain or other variants of noxious stimuli. While physicians select the agent(s) used for sedation and cardiovascular function, the actual administration of these agents is the responsibility of the nursing staff. If clinical decision support systems and closed-loop control systems could be developed for critical care monitoring and lifesaving interventions as well as the administration of sedation and cardiopulmonary management, the intensive care unit nurse could be released from the intense monitoring of sedation, allowing her/him to focus on other critical tasks. One particularly attractive strategy is to utilize the knowledge and experience of skilled clinicians, capturing explicitly the rules expert clinicians use to decide on how to titrate drug doses depending on the level of sedation. In this paper, we develop a rule-based expert system for cardiopulmonary management and intensive care unit sedation. Furthermore, we use probability theory to quantify uncertainty and to extend the proposed rule-based expert system to deal with more realistic situations.
Multiple Mechanisms of Na + Channel– Linked Long-QT Syndrome (1996)

Inheritable long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disease in which delayed ventricular repolarization leads to cardiac arrhythmias and the possibility of sudden death. In the chromosome 3-linked disease, one mutation of the cardiac Na+ channel gene results in a deletion of residues 1505 to 1507 (Delta KPQ), and two mutation result in substitutions (N1325S and R1644H). We compared all three mutant-channel phenotypes by heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes. Each produced a late phase of inactivation-resistant, mexiletine- and tetrodotoxin-sensitive whole-cell currents, but the underlying mechanisms were different at the single-channel level. N1325S and R1644H showed dispersed reopenings after the initial transient, whereas Delta KPQ showed both dispersed reopenings and long-lasting bursts. Thus, two distinct biophysical defects underlie the in vitro phenotype of persistent current in Na+ channel-linked LQTS, and the additive effects of both are responsible for making the Delta KPQ phenotype the most severe.
[The role of endothelial dysfunction and arterial rigidity in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. (2012)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease with progressive dysfunction of external respiration due to inflammatory reaction of pulmonary tissue to irritation by different pathogenic agents and gases. According to population-based studies, COPD patients have a 2-3-fold higher risk of cardiovascular death, while the number of lethal outcomes comprise about 50% of total number of deaths. As shown by the evidence from studies, COPD patients demonstrate high arterial rigidity and endothelial dysfunction. It is important that these changes can be corrected with pharmacological and non-pharmacological impacts. Examination of structural-functional vascular changes in COPD patients is of great clinicoprognostic importance and can modify therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to COPD.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminoalcohols. Part 5. A Method for the Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Ring‐Chlorinated Epinephrines and Norepinephrines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Current Status of Autologous Tissue–Based Breast Reconstruction in Patients Receiving Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy (2012)

Therapeutic, III.
Microfabrication of High-Performance Thick Co80Pt20 Permanent Magnets for Microsystems Applications (2013)

The fabrication, via aqueous electrodeposition, of 8 - 30 µm-thick photolithographically-patterned Co 80 Pt 20 films for microsystems applications is reported in this paper. The dependence of their magnetic properties on film thickness has also been studied. Results show that a deposition rate of ~12 µm per hour is achievable via a bath pre-conditioning step without significantly sacrificing the magnetic properties of the film. Maximum out-of-plane intrinsic coercivity (H ci ) of 330 kA/m and squareness (Mr/Ms) of 0.9 were obtained for films 15 - 18 µm thick, corresponding to an estimated energy density (BH max ) of 130 kJ/m 3 . A 23% decrease in coercivity is observed with increase in thickness to 30 µm.
Oxyfunctionalization of the Remote C−H Bonds of Aliphatic Amines by Decatungstate Photocatalysis (2017)

Aliphatic amines, oxygenated at remote positions within the molecule, represent an important class of synthetic building blocks to which there are currently no direct means of access. Reported herein is an efficient and scalable solution that relies upon decatungstate photocatalysis under acidic conditions using either H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> or O<sub>2</sub> as the terminal oxidant. By using these reaction conditions a series of simple and unbiased aliphatic amine starting materials can be oxidized to value-added ketone products. Lastly, NMR spectroscopy using in situ LED-irradiated samples was utilized to monitor the kinetics of the reaction, thus enabling direct translation of the reaction into flow.
Improvement of La0.65Sr0.3MnO3-gamma-YSZ cathodes by infiltrating nanoSm0.6Sr0.4CoO3-gamma \nparticles (2004)

La0.65Sr0.3MnO3-delta-YSZ cathodes are infiltrated with Sm0.6Sr0.4CoO3-delta (SSC) at 800oC using a precipitation method. The effect of SSC infiltration has been characterized for symmetric cells and single cells at reduced temperatures. With SSC addition the cathode polarization resistance, determined from symmetric-cell measurements, significantly decreases: from approx. 19.8 to 8.5 Omega cdot cm2 at 600oC, and from 7.7 to 3.3 Omega cdot cm2 at 650oC. Consequently, the single-cell performance with 97 percentH2+3 percentH2O fuel is dramatically improved, which may be attributed to the superior electrocatalytic activity of SSC in the cathodes.
Dispersion Polymerization of Glycidyl Methacrylate in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2001)

Herein we report a successful dispersion polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in carbon dioxide using a block copolymer consisting of polystyrene and poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl acrylate) (PFOA) as a stabilizer. Poly(GMA) was effectively emulsified in carbon dioxide using the amphiphilic diblock copolymer surfactant. Spherical particles were produced, although PFOA homopolymer was not particularly effective as a stabilizer. The initial concentrations of the monomer and stabilizer and the reaction pressure had substantial effects on the resulting size of the colloidal particles.
Intradural vertebral endarterectomy with nonautologous patch angioplasty for refractory vertebrobasilar ischemia: Case report and literature review (2014)

V4EA is an uncommonly performed procedure, but may be considered for carefully selected patients. The authors' techniques and indications are discussed. Historical outcomes, relevant anatomic considerations, and lessons learned are reviewed from the literature.
Real-time implementation of an FMCW backprojection algorithm for 1D and 2D apertures (2011)

This paper addresses the real-time implementation of an image reconstruction algorithm applicable to synthetic aperture radar systems. We utilize a simple backprojection method to calculate an image from the signals, measured with a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. For this reason, the contribution from the instantaneous measurement to every pixel in the image domain is evaluated immediately after the data set is available. As the backprojection algorithm requires an interpolation scheme, the nearest-neighbor interpolation method is investigated regarding the achievable accuracy. Finally, we describe the algorithm's implementation in a field programmable gate array and verify the realized design with simulated and measured FMCW radar signals.
Kinetics and mechanism of the reversible isomerization of aspartic acid residues in tetrapeptides (1995)

The influence of pH and buffer concentration on the rate of the isomerization of Asp residues has been analysed using model aspartic acid-containing tetrapeptides, in the pH range 1.5–10 at 37 °C and, µ= 1 mol dm–3. The reaction involves the reversible formation of an amino-succinimide intermediate.Kinetic evidence indicates that of the various forms of the Asp-peptide in acid–base equilibrium, only one, having the carboxylic Asp side chain in the neutral state and the N–H peptide group next to the Asp residue in the deprotonated state, reacts at an appreciable rate. The reaction involves nucleophilic attack by the nitrogen atom of the peptide bond on the carbonyl carbon of the Asp side chain, giving a cyclic tetrahedral intermediate. At pH values lower than about 3 the cyclization step is rate-determining, but at higher pH the rate-determining step is the general acid-catalysed departure of the leaving group. This change of rate-determining step, together with the ionization of the carboxylic side chain of the Asp residue, produces a bell-shaped curve in the pH–rate profile for the cyclization reactions.
QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER SURGICAL RESECTION OF RETROPERITONEAL RESIDUAL MASSES: CONCORDANCE WITH ANATOMICAL LOCATION (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER SURGICAL RESECTION OF RETROPERITONEAL RESIDUAL MASSES: CONCORDANCE WITH ANATOMICAL LOCATION Nicolas Doumerc, Amar Delchand, Jean P Bossavy, Christine Chevreau, Xavier Game, Marc Mouzin, Federico Sallusto, Michel Soulie, Pierre Plante, Pascal Rischmann, and Bernard Malavaud Nicolas DoumercNicolas Doumerc More articles by this author , Amar DelchandAmar Delchand More articles by this author , Jean P BossavyJean P Bossavy More articles by this author , Christine ChevreauChristine Chevreau More articles by this author , Xavier GameXavier Game More articles by this author , Marc MouzinMarc Mouzin More articles by this author , Federico SallustoFederico Sallusto More articles by this author , Michel SoulieMichel Soulie More articles by this author , Pierre PlantePierre Plante More articles by this author , Pascal RischmannPascal Rischmann More articles by this author , and Bernard MalavaudBernard Malavaud More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60512-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER SURGICAL RESECTION OF RETROPERITONEAL RESIDUAL MASSES: CONCORDANCE WITH ANATOMICAL LOCATION." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), pp. 176–177 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 176-177 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Nicolas Doumerc More articles by this author Amar Delchand More articles by this author Jean P Bossavy More articles by this author Christine Chevreau More articles by this author Xavier Game More articles by this author Marc Mouzin More articles by this author Federico Sallusto More articles by this author Michel Soulie More articles by this author Pierre Plante More articles by this author Pascal Rischmann More articles by this author Bernard Malavaud More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Mitigating Pillar-to-Pillar Variability of Ground Select Transistor in 3-D NAND Flash Memory (2020)

The threshold voltage variability of the select transistors is an important issue in the development of 3-D NAND flash memory. Particularly, pillar-to-pillar variations in threshold voltage (VT) of the ground select transistor (GST) are critical across the wafer. The VT variation is attributed to the nonuniformity in the plug height of the epitaxially grown silicon layers in different pillars. In this article, we propose different techniques to achieve performance uniformity in different strings across the wafer in terms of VT distribution of GST. We show that by optimizing the channel doping and gate metal work function (WF) of the GST, the NAND string VT nonuniformity can be eliminated. It is also shown that VT variability can be further minimized by optimizing GST gate length. Further, we present a two-MOSFET model for the pillar-to-pillar VT variation across the wafer. This study providesimportant results for designing 3-D NAND memories with higher performance uniformity for the pillar-to-pillar variations in strings across the wafer.
Multifunctional Inorganic Nanoparticles for Imaging, Targeting, and Drug (2008)

Drug delivery, magnetic resonance andfluorescence imaging, magnetic manipulation, and cell targetingaresimultaneouslypossibleusingamultifunctionalmesoporoussilicananoparticle.Superparamagnetic ironoxidenanocrystalswereencapsulatedinsidemesostructuredsilicaspheresthatwerelabeledwithfluorescent dye molecules and coated with hydrophilic groups to prevent aggregation. Water-insoluble anticancer drugs were delivered into human cancer cells; surface conjugation with cancer-specific targeting agents increased the uptake into cancer cells relative to that in non-cancerousfibroblasts. The highly versatile multifunctional nanoparticles could potentially be used for simultaneous imaging and therapeutic applications.
A seamless integration of algorithm animation into a visual programming language (1996)

Until now, only users of textual programming languages have enjoyed the fruits of algorithm animation. Users of visual programming languages (VPLs) have been deprived of the unique semantic insights algorithm animation offers, insights that would foster the understanding and debugging of visual programs. To begin solving this shortcoming, we have seamlessly integrated algorithm animation capabilities into Forms/3, a declarative VPL in which evaluation is the continuous maintenance of a network of one-way constraints. Our results show that a VPL that uses this constraint-based evaluation model can provide features not found in other algorithm animation systems.
Dispersion optimization in a semiconductor optical frequency comb (2014)

We investigate the optimal amount of dispersion compensation for maximum spectral bandwidth of an optical frequency comb from an external fiber cavity semiconductor laser with intracavity etalon.
Wideband Characteristic of Dipole Antenna on Mushroom-like EBG Substrate with Narrow Gap (2008)

In this paper, we adopted the EBG structure for the antenna substrate to achieve low profile antennas. The thin mushroom-like EBG substrates with narrow gaps were fabricated to limit the area size of the substrate to apply small equipments. The impedance and radiation pattern of a dipole antenna were measured when the antenna was closely located above the EBG substrate. It was confirmed that a dipole antenna located 80 mum above the EBG substrate worked well through wideband. It has been observed that the EBG substrate with the area similar with the footprint of the antenna is enough to obtain a good VSWR. The verification of the operation mechanism and the application to wireless small terminals are future works.
SLIP BEHAVIOR IN PULLEY GROOVE UP TO SLIDING SLIP AT STEADY STATE OF TORQUE AND POWER TRANSMITTING EFFICIENCY FOR METAL V-BELT CVT (2017)

This paper investigated the influence of pulley tilt on slip properties (critical torque (Tc), transmitting efficiency (η) and slip ratio (s)) of the continuously variable transmissions (CVTs). Two types of pulleys (tiltable pulley and untiltable pulley) were prepared to investigate the influence of the tilt of pulley on the slip properties. The tilt of the driving pulley was fixed by using untiltable driving pulley while tiltable driven pulley was often used, for simple evaluations and experiments. The penetration of the belt much affected to the displacement of contacting point about 10 to 50 times compared with that by rolling, when pulley surface was tilted. In current type of CVT, practical CVT unit was usually driven with about 44% of slip ratio in circumferential direction due to the tilt of pulley accompanying with radial displacement of the belt among observed total slip ratio between driving and driven pulley, where the driving pulley should be tiltable for the motion for shift in axial direction on the shaft.
Guidelines for the standardization of preanalytic variables for blood-based biomarker studies in Alzheimer's disease research (2015)

Abstract The lack of readily available biomarkers is a significant hindrance toward progressing to effective therapeutic and preventative strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blood-based biomarkers have potential to overcome access and cost barriers and greatly facilitate advanced neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker approaches. Despite the fact that preanalytical processing is the largest source of variability in laboratory testing, there are no currently available standardized preanalytical guidelines. The current international working group provides the initial starting point for such guidelines for standardized operating procedures (SOPs). It is anticipated that these guidelines will be updated as additional research findings become available. The statement provides (1) a synopsis of selected preanalytical methods utilized in many international AD cohort studies, (2) initial draft guidelines/SOPs for preanalytical methods, and (3) a list of required methodological information and protocols to be made available for publications in the field to foster cross-validation across cohorts and laboratories.
A stepwise energy level doping structure for improving the lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (2017)

A stepwise energy level doping structure for improving the lifetime of organic light-emitting diodes was developed by doping two emitters with different energy levels in the same host material as separated emitting layers.
Effect of Cyclosporine a on the Hearing Loss in Behçet's Disease (1991)

Thirty-five patients with Behçet's disease (20 under cyclosporine A [CyA] treatment and 15 under the conventional therapy), 12 patients suffering from endogenous uveitis, and 35 normal subjects were evaluated audiologically before entering the study and were followed up for at least a year. Twenty-eight Behçet patients (80%) showed some degree of hearing loss. The averaged pure tone audiogram of the Behçet group showed statistically significant auditory deficits in comparison with that of the control group. None of either the Behçet group or the uveitis group showed any hearing deterioration during the follow-up period. Five Behçet patients under CyA therapy demonstrated improvement in their hearing. The difference between the two groups of Behçet patients (CyA versus conventional treatment) was found to be statistically significant (p less than .05). Thus, CyA might serve as an important mode of treatment of sensorineural hearing loss on an inflammatory "autoimmune" background.