gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel carbohydrate-based bifunctional organocatalysts for nucleophilic addition to nitroolefins and imines (2011)

Glucosamine has been selected as a cheap and readily available chiral scaffold for the synthesis of a series of novel enantiomerically pure bifunctional organocatalysts bearing a tertiary amino group in proximity to a (thio)urea group. The catalytic behaviour of these compounds, both as neutral and N-protonated species, was investigated using the addition of acetylacetone to β-nitrostyrene as a model reaction. Under optimized experimental conditions, chemical yields up to 93% and enantioselectivities up to 89% were obtained. Semiempirical (AM1) computational studies allowed to find a theoretical rationale for the chemical and stereochemical behaviour of the catalyst of choice. These catalysts were also preliminarily investigated as promoters in the addition of diethyl malonate to the N-Boc imine of benzaldehyde, affording the product in up to 81% ee.
Integrated Clinical and CT Based Artificial Intelligence Nomogram for Predicting Severity and Need for Ventilator Support in COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-Site Study (2021)

Almost 25% of COVID-19 patients end up in ICU needing critical mechanical ventilation support. There is currently no validated objective way to predict which patients will end up needing ventilator support, when the disease is mild and not progressed. N = 869 patients from two sites (D<sub>1</sub>: N = 822, D<sub>2</sub>: N = 47) with baseline clinical characteristics and chest CT scans were considered for this study. The entire dataset was randomly divided into 70% training, D<sub>1</sub><sup>train</sup> (N = 606) and 30% test-set (D<sup>test</sup>: D<sub>1</sub><sup>test</sup> (N = 216) + D<sub>2</sub> (N = 47)). An expert radiologist delineated ground-glass-opacities (GGOs) and consolidation regions on a subset of D<sub>1</sub><sup>train</sup>, (D<sub>1</sub><sup>train_sub</sup>, N = 88). These regions were automatically segmented and used along with their corresponding CT volumes to train an imaging AI predictor (AIP) on D<sub>1</sub><sup>train</sup> to predict the need of mechanical ventilators for COVID-19 patients. Finally, top five prognostic clinical factors selected using univariate analysis were integrated with AIP to construct an integrated clinical and AI imaging nomogram (ClAIN). Univariate analysis identified lactate dehydrogenase, prothrombin time, aspartate aminotransferase, %lymphocytes, albumin as top five prognostic clinical features. AIP yielded an AUC of 0.81 on D<sup>test</sup> and was independently prognostic irrespective of other clinical parameters on multivariable analysis (p<0.001). ClAIN improved the performance over AIP yielding an AUC of 0.84 (p = 0.04) on D<sup>test</sup>. ClAIN outperformed AIP in predicting which COVID-19 patients ended up needing a ventilator. Our results across multiple sites suggest that ClAIN could help identify COVID-19 with severe disease more precisely and likely to end up on a life-saving mechanical ventilation.
Reactions of dicarbonyl compounds with dimethyl .beta.-ketoglutarate. 6. Revision of the structure of the reaction product of cyclohexane-1,3-dione and dimethyl .beta.-ketoglutarate and conversion to 4-substituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-quinolones (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of dicarbonyl compounds with dimethyl .beta.-ketoglutarate. 6. Revision of the structure of the reaction product of cyclohexane-1,3-dione and dimethyl .beta.-ketoglutarate and conversion to 4-substituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-quinolonesJames Oehldrich and James M. CookCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 5, 889–894Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00425a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00425a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Local HPV Recombinant Vaccinia Boost Following Priming with an HPV DNA Vaccine Enhances Local HPV-Specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell–Mediated Tumor Control in the Genital Tract (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Two viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, are expressed in all human papillomavirus (HPV)–infected cells, from initial infection in the genital tract to metastatic cervical cancer. Intramuscular vaccination of women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) twice with a naked DNA vaccine, pNGVL4a-sig/E7(detox)/HSP70, and a single boost with HPVE6/E7 recombinant vaccinia vaccine (TA-HPV) elicited systemic HPV-specific CD8 T-cell responses that could traffic to the lesion and was associated with regression in some patients (NCT00788164).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Here, we examine whether alteration of this vaccination regimen by administration of TA-HPV vaccination in the cervicovaginal tract, rather than intramuscular (IM) delivery, can more effectively recruit antigen-specific T cells in an orthotopic syngeneic mouse model of HPV16&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cervical cancer (TC-1 luc).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We found that pNGVL4a-sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 vaccination followed by cervicovaginal vaccination with TA-HPV increased accumulation of total and E7-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in the cervicovaginal tract and better controlled E7-expressing cervicovaginal TC-1 luc tumor than IM administration of TA-HPV. Furthermore, the E7-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in the cervicovaginal tract generated through the cervicovaginal route of vaccination expressed the α4β7 integrin and CCR9, which are necessary for the homing of the E7-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells to the cervicovaginal tract. Finally, we show that cervicovaginal vaccination with TA-HPV can induce potent local HPV-16 E7 antigen-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell immune responses regardless of whether an HPV DNA vaccine priming vaccination was administered IM or within the cervicovaginal tract.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our results support future clinical translation using cervicovaginal TA-HPV vaccination. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 657–69. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Nizard et al., p. 530&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
DeepURL: Deep Pose Estimation Framework for Underwater Relative\n Localization (2020)

In this paper, we propose a real-time deep learning approach for determining\nthe 6D relative pose of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) from a single\nimage. A team of autonomous robots localizing themselves in a\ncommunication-constrained underwater environment is essential for many\napplications such as underwater exploration, mapping, multi-robot convoying,\nand other multi-robot tasks. Due to the profound difficulty of collecting\nground truth images with accurate 6D poses underwater, this work utilizes\nrendered images from the Unreal Game Engine simulation for training. An\nimage-to-image translation network is employed to bridge the gap between the\nrendered and the real images producing synthetic images for training. The\nproposed method predicts the 6D pose of an AUV from a single image as 2D image\nkeypoints representing 8 corners of the 3D model of the AUV, and then the 6D\npose in the camera coordinates is determined using RANSAC-based PnP.\nExperimental results in real-world underwater environments (swimming pool and\nocean) with different cameras demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the\nproposed technique in terms of translation error and orientation error over the\nstate-of-the-art methods. The code is publicly available.\n
OVX-induced osteoclast activity is not self-sustained in osteoclasts from <i>DAP12-/-</i> and <i>DAP12-/-FcRγ-/-</i> mice. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;At six weeks post-OVX, non-adherent bone marrow macrophages were cultured with 10 ng/mL M-CSF and 25 ng/mL RANKL on BD BioCoat™ Osteologic™ Bone Cell Culture dishes. (A) Representative images of resorption pits where white represents pits and black in unresorbed substrate. Total resorption area (B) and pit number (C) were calculated and shown. Standard error is shown. WT: wild-type mice; DKO: mice lacking both DAP12 and FcRγ. N = 5 in each group. Experiment was repeated three times. Representative images and results were shown.&lt;/p&gt;
Long-range Photoinduced Electron Transfer Mediated by Oligo-p-phenylenebutadiynylene Conjugated Bridges (2006)

Abstract A series of novel zinc porphyrin/C60 dyads connected by 20–40 Å long intervening modules involving π-conjugated p-phenylenebutadiynylene oligomers underwent long-range photoinduced electron transfer with an attenuation factor (β) of 0.25 Å−1.
Effective Delivery of Analytes with Optofluidics for Ultrasensitive Biodetection (2014)

We present a plasmonic nanobiosensor offering superior analyte delivery efficiency. Our experiments with virus-like analytes show more than an order of magnitude faster response time, and seven orders-of-magnitude dynamic concentration range for 103–109 particles/mL.
Adhesive strength of fiberglass posts treated with thio-urethane-based experimental silanes (2021)

Experimental silanes promoted different bond strength values in the adhesion of fiberglass posts to the root thirds, with better results for PETMP-HDDI silane. The root region did not influence the failure pattern and most slices showed mixed (MCDP) or adhesive (ADP) failure.
The Ability of Quantitative, Specific, and Sensitive Point-of-Care/Chair-Side Oral Fluid Immunotests for aMMP-8 to Detect Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases (2018)

The analysis of the disease-specific oral and systemic biomarkers in saliva and oral fluids (i.e., mouth rinse, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and peri-implantitis fluid (PISF)) is demanding. Several hosts and microbial factors may influence their expression, release, and levels. The type of saliva/oral fluids utilized for the diagnostics affects the analysis. High sensitivity and specificities together with sophisticated methods and techniques are essential for valuable outcome. We describe here recently developed practical, convenient, inexpensive, noninvasive, and quantitative mouth rinse and PISF/GCF/chair-side/point-of-care (PoC) lateral-flow aMMP-8 immunoassays (PerioSafe and ImplantSafe/ORALyser) to detect, predict, and monitor successfully the course, treatment, and prevention of periodontitis and peri-implantitis, respectively. The tests have been independently and successfully validated to differentiate periodontal and peri-implant health and disease in Finland, Germany, Netherland, Sweden, Turkey, Nigeria, Malawi, and USA. The clinical use of salivary/oral fluid biomarkers to identify oral and systemic conditions requires additional studies utilizing these noninvasive screening, diagnostic, and preventive aMMP-8 PoC/chair-side technologies.
Maternal anaemia care in Kano state, Nigeria: an exploratory qualitative study of experiences of uptake and provision (2023)

This study recommends the implementation of standardized guidelines and training sessions to better support healthcare providers in offering quality services and increasing funding allocated to supporting maternal anaemia care. Education initiatives for service users and the public are also recommended to build public trust in health services and to improve understanding of maternal anaemia.
A high-performance transcutaneous battery charger for medical implants (2010)

As new functionality is added to the implantable devices, their power requirements also increase. Such power requirements make it hard for keeping such implants operational for long periods by non-rechargeable batteries. This result in a need for frequent surgeries to replace these batteries. Rechargeable batteries can satisfy the long-term power requirements of these new functions. To minimize the discomfort to the patients, the recharging of the batteries should be as infrequent as possible. Traditional battery charging methods have low battery charging efficiency. This means they may limit the amount of charge that can be delivered to the device, speeding up the depletion of the battery and forcing frequent recharging. In this paper, we evaluate the suitability of a state-of-the-art general purpose charging method called current-pumped battery charger (CPBC) for implant applications. Using off-the-shelf components and with minimum optimization, we prototyped a proof-of-concept transcutaenous battery charger based on CPBC and show that the CPBC can charge a 100 mAh battery transcutaneously within 137 minutes with at most 2.1°C increase in tissue temperature even with a misalignment of 1.3 cm in between the coils, while keeping the battery charging efficiency at 85%.
Targeting the thioredoxin system in the treatment of certain cancers. (2010)

The fourth and final science article on cancer treatments reviews the thioredoxin system and its association with cancer, and how it offers a new therapeutic target for anticancer drug design. The most stidied thioredoxin is the classic cytosolic thioredoxin (Trx1), which is the main focus of this article. Two irreversible thioredoxin inhibitors are in development, Px-12 (1-methylpropyl 2-imidazolyl disulphide) and PMX-464 (formerly AW464).
Magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer: what the urologist needs to know. (2015)

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer imaging has been an area of burgeoning research activity with a goal of finding imaging characteristics that will allow for improved diagnosis and surveillance of prostate cancer. This article will review the MRI sequences currently used for imaging the prostate and describe the scoring and reporting system used by radiologists for prostate MRI known as the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS). Current research regarding the role of prostate MRI for patients without prior biopsy, with prior negative biopsy and elevated PSA, and on active surveillance protocols will also be reviewed.
A single-boarded isolated word recognizer using LPC cepstrum (1985)

Minicomputer simulation was carried out to design an optimum system based on currently available signal processing LSI's. First, finite-word-length effects of Levinson-Durbin (LD) algorithm and Le-Roux (LR) algorithm [J. Le-Roux et al., IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. ASSP-25, 257–259 (1977)] for extracting PARCOR coefficients were investigated regarding (1) the PARCOR/AR/cepstrum coefficient error, (2) the difference in LPC cepstrum distance between the top two candidates, and (3) recognition rate. LR was found to be almost always better than LD by each of above measures. Second, the effects order of analysis, number of template bits, and the template normalization method were examined to minimize memory size. It was shown that the number of template bits of each cepstrum coefficient can be reduced to four with little decrease of recognition rate as compared to the system with floating point number templates. A single-boarded recognizer using TMS320 for LPC analysis and MN 1263 for DP matching was implemented. The overall recognition rate of on-line test in speaker-dependent mode was 99.4% for a ten-word vocabulary (total of 1000 tokens of ten speakers). Multiple template speaker-independent mode achieved a recognition rate of 97.0% for an eight-word vocabulary.
TriDepth: Triangular Patch-based Deep Depth Prediction (2019)

We propose a novel and efficient representation for single-view depth estimation using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Point-cloud is generally used for CNN-based 3D scene reconstruction; however it has some drawbacks: (1) it is redundant as a representation for planar surfaces, and (2) no spatial relationships between points are available (e.g, texture and surface). As a more efficient representation, we introduce a triangular-patch-cloud, which represents the surface of the 3D structure using a set of triangular patches, and propose a CNN framework for its 3D structure estimation. In our framework, we create it by separating all the faces in a 2D mesh, which are determined adaptively from the input image, and estimate depths and normals of all the faces. Using a common RGBD-dataset, we show that our representation has a better or comparable performance than the existing point-cloud-based methods, although it has much less parameters.
Can we harness digital technologies and physiology to hasten genetic gain in US maize breeding? (2021)

Plant physiology can offer invaluable insights to accelerate genetic gain. However, translating physiological understanding into breeding decisions has been an ongoing and complex endeavor. Here we demonstrate an approach to leverage physiology and genomics to hasten crop improvement. A half-diallel maize (Zea mays) experiment resulting from crossing 9 elite inbreds was conducted at 17 locations in the USA corn belt and 6 locations at managed stress environments between 2017 and 2019 covering a range of water environments from 377 to 760 mm of evapotranspiration and family mean yields from 542 to 1,874 g m-2. Results from analyses of 35 families and 2,367 hybrids using crop growth models linked to whole-genome prediction (CGM-WGP) demonstrated that CGM-WGP offered a predictive accuracy advantage compared to BayesA for untested genotypes evaluated in untested environments (r = 0.43 versus r = 0.27). In contrast to WGP, CGMs can deal effectively with time-dependent interactions between a physiological process and the environment. To facilitate the selection/identification of traits for modeling yield, an algorithmic approach was introduced. The method was able to identify 4 out of 12 candidate traits known to explain yield variation in maize. The estimation of allelic and physiological values for each genotype using the CGM created in silico phenotypes (e.g. root elongation) and physiological hypotheses that could be tested within the breeding program in an iterative manner. Overall, the approach and results suggest a promising future to fully harness digital technologies, gap analysis, and physiological knowledge to hasten genetic gain by improving predictive skill and definition of breeding goals.
Interaction Between CVD Tungsten Films and Silicon during Annealing (1986)

The interaction of CVD tungsten films with lightly doped single‐crystal silicon and heavily phosphorus‐doped polysilicon has been examined. The reaction between tungsten and silicon forms only tetragonal tungsten disilicide in both cases. However, the reaction with lightly doped single‐crystal silicon starts at 675°C, while appreciable reaction with n+ polysilicon requires temperatures above 725°C. The increases in sheet resistance and surface roughness correlate with formation of tetragonal . As the annealing temperature increases, the sheet resistance and surface roughness initially increase as the tungsten is converted to silicide; at higher annealing temperatures the sheet resistance decreases significantly. Phosphorus initially in the polysilicon consumed during the silicide‐forming reaction is lost from the system, but the volume concentration in the polysilicon remaining under the silicide does not appear to change greatly after annealing at 900°C.
An Integrated Platform for Dynamic Adaptation of Multi-tenant Single Instance SaaS Applications (2017)

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) has recently been adopted by many organizations to get their work done through subscription-based services. To leverage economies of scale, software and hardware resources are shared among multiple tenants who have different requirements that rapidly change with time. Responding to tenants' diverse needs requires SaaS providers to carefully manage software variability so that every tenant feels like having a distinct instance of the application. Tenants' evolvable needs require the SaaS instance to dynamically adapt. This paper presents an integrated platform that facilitates the dynamic adaptation of Multi-Tenant Single Instance SaaS applications and supports runtime tenants' configurations customization. The proposed platform is based on three concepts: Service-Orientation, Software Product Lines (SPLs), and Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The proposed solution spans over two dimensions: Feature-level variability management and runtime variability management. We propose raising the level of abstraction in which the whole adaptation process is addressed to better manage customization. The feasibility of the approach is illustrated via a functioning prototype. A realistic SaaS application was used to exercise the different adaptation scenarios and evaluate the platform prototype implementation.
Identification of DEK as a potential therapeutic target for neuroendocrine prostate cancer (2014)

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer which does not respond to hormone therapy. Research of NEPC has been hampered by a lack of clinically relevant in vivo models. Recently, we developed a first-in-field patient tissue-derived xenograft model of complete neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma. By comparing gene expression profiles of a transplantable adenocarcinoma line (LTL331) and its NEPC subline (LTL331R), we identified DEK as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for NEPC. In the present study, elevated DEK protein expression was observed in all NEPC xenograft models and clinical NEPC cases, as opposed to their benign counterparts (0%), hormonal naïve prostate cancer (2.45%) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (29.55%). Elevated DEK expression was found to be an independent clinical risk factor, associated with shorter disease-free survival of hormonal naïve prostate cancer patients. DEK silencing in PC-3 cells led to a marked reduction in cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion. The results suggest that DEK plays an important role in the progression of prostate cancer, especially to NEPC, and provides a potential biomarker to aid risk stratification of prostate cancer and a novel target for therapy of NEPC.
Reviews of Books (1965)

Reviews of Books Get access The Problem of Sovereignty in the Later Middle Ages. The Papal Monarchy with Augustinus Triumphus and the Publicists. By MICHAEL WILKS. (Cambridge: University Press, 1963. 65s.) J. W. GRAY J. W. GRAY The Queen's UniversityBelfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXX, Issue CCCXV, April 1965, Pages 338–340, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXX.CCCXV.338 Published: 01 April 1965