gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Stability of Organic Active Materials for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries via Reversible, Electrochemically Mediated Li+ Coordination (2016)

We describe an electrochemically mediated interaction between Li+ and a promising active material for nonaqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1,1,4,4-tetramethylnaphthalene (TDT), and the impact of this structural interaction on material stability during voltammetric cycling. TDT could be an advantageous organic positive electrolyte material for nonaqueous RFBs due to its high oxidation potential, 4.21 V vs Li/Li+, and solubility of at least 1.0 M in select electrolytes. Although results from voltammetry suggest TDT displays Nernstian reversibility in many nonaqueous electrolyte solutions, bulk electrolysis reveals significant degradation in all electrolytes studied, the extent of which depends on the electrolyte solution composition. Results of subtractively normalized in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SNIFTIRS) confirm that TDT undergoes reversible structural changes during cyclic voltammetry in propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane solutions containing Li+ electrolytes, but irreversible degradation occurs when tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) replaces Li+ as the electrolyte cation in these solutions. By combining the results from SNIFTIRS experiments with calculations from density functional theory, solution-phase active species structure and potential-dependent interactions can be determined. We find that Li+ coordinates to the Lewis basic methoxy groups of neutral TDT and, upon electrochemical oxidation, this complex dissociates into the radical cation TDT•+ and Li+. The improved cycling stability in the presence of Li+ relative to TBA+ suggests that the structural interaction reported herein may be advantageous to the design of energy storage materials based on organic molecules.
Molecular characterization of human B domain-specific anti-factor VIII monoclonal antibodies generated in transgenic mice (2007)

The development of antibodies directed against factor VIII (FVIII) represents a major hurdle in the treatment of hemophilia A. Most anti-FVIII antibodies are identified through their ability to inhibit the FVIII procoagulant activity. Many of them, however, do not interfere with the functional properties of FVIII. Antibodies directed against the B domain belong to this latter category. Here, we characterized B domain-specific human monoclonal Abs (mAbs) at the molecular level. A series of human mAbs directed against FVIII was produced upon immunization of transgenic XenoMouse mice with human recombinant FVIII (rFVIII). Selection of the hybridoma with epitope specificity for the B domain was performed by differential recognition of full-length and B domain-deleted rFVIII. None of the anti-B domain mAbs demonstrated inhibitory activity against FVIII. Three of the mAbs recognized linear epitopes: mAb 25H3 bound to the (1014)HIDGPSLLIEN(1024) sequence; mAbs 8E3 and 22B6 shared the same epitope, composed of residues (1534)KWNEANR(1540). The corresponding soluble peptides inhibited the binding of their respective mAbs to FVIII. mAbs 8E3 and 22B6 displaced the binding of FVIII to vonWillebrand factor. Moreover, some of them (in particular mAbs 4G6 and 8E3) were able to compete for binding to the B domain with the anti-FVIII Abs from hemophilia A patients without inhibitor or with low Bethesda titers. Further investigation will allow to better characterize their clinical relevance.
Fluctuations of anisotropic flow in Pb+Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2020)

A bstract Multi-particle azimuthal cumulants are measured as a function of centrality and transverse momentum using 470 μ b − 1 of Pb+Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mi>NN</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 5 . 02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. These cumulants provide information on the event-by-event fluctuations of harmonic flow coefficients v n and correlated fluctuations between two harmonics v n and v m . For the first time, a non-zero four-particle cumulant is observed for dipolar flow, v 1 . The four-particle cumulants for elliptic flow, v 2 , and triangular flow, v 3 , exhibit a strong centrality dependence and change sign in ultra-central collisions. This sign change is consistent with significant non-Gaussian fluctuations in v 2 and v 3 . The four-particle cumulant for quadrangular flow, v 4 , is found to change sign in mid-central collisions. Correlations between two harmonics are studied with three- and four-particle mixed-harmonic cumulants, which indicate an anti-correlation between v 2 and v 3, and a positive correlation between v 2 and v 4 . These correlations decrease in strength towards central collisions and either approach zero or change sign in ultra-central collisions. To investigate the possible flow fluctuations arising from intrinsic centrality or volume fluctuations, the results are compared between two different event classes used for centrality definitions. In peripheral and mid-central collisions where the cumulant signals are large, only small differences are observed. In ultra-central collisions, the differences are much larger and transverse momentum dependent. These results provide new information to disentangle flow fluctuations from the initial and final states, as well as new insights on the influence of centrality fluctuations.
The future of HCI publishing in journals and books (2013)

With the ongoing growth of digital media, academic presses and journals have had to answer some hard questions about the role of publishing in a world of blogs, social media, on-demand video and social networking. In this panel we bring together some of the top editors and publishers in HCI to explore and address these questions in a public forum.
The Aromatic “Trapping” of the Catalytic Histidine Is Essential for Efficient Catalysis in Acetylcholinesterase (2002)

While substitution of the aromatic residues (Phe295, Phe338), located in the vicinity of the catalytic His447 in human acetylcholinesterase (HuAChE) had little effect on catalytic activity, simultaneous replacement of both residues by aliphatic amino acids resulted in a 680-fold decrease in catalytic activity. Molecular simulations suggested that the activity decline is related to conformational destabilization of His447, similar to that observed for the hexamutant HuAChE which mimics the active center of butyrylcholinesterase. On the basis of model structures of other cholinesterases (ChEs), we predicted that catalytically nonproductive mobility of His447 could be restricted by introduction of aromatic residue in a different location adjacent to this histidine (Val407). Indeed, the F295A/F338A/V407F enzyme is 170-fold more reactive than the corresponding double mutant and only 3-fold less reactive than the wild-type HuAChE. However, analogous substitution of Val407 in the hexamutant HuAChE (generating the heptamutant Y72N/Y124Q/W286A/F295L/F297V/Y337A/V407F) did not enhance catalytic activity. Reactivity of these double, triple, hexa, and hepta mutant HuAChEs was monitored toward covalent ligands such as organophosphates and the transition state analogue TMFTA, which probe, respectively, the facility of the enzymes to accommodate Michaelis complexes and to undergo the acylation process. The findings suggest that in the F295A/F338A mutant the two His447 conformational states, which are essential for the different stages of the catalytic process, seem to be destabilized. On the other hand, in the F295A/F338A/V407F mutant only the state involved in acylation is impaired. Such differential effects on the His447 conformational properties demonstrate the general role of aromatic residues in cholinesterases, and probably in other serine hydrolases, in "trapping" of the catalytic histidine and thereby in optimization of catalytic activity.
Hybrid Optical Unobtrusive Blood Pressure Measurements (2017)

Blood pressure (BP) is critical in diagnosing certain cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Some previous studies have proved that BP can be estimated by pulse transit time (PTT) calculated by a pair of photoplethysmography (PPG) signals at two body sites. Currently, contact PPG (cPPG) and imaging PPG (iPPG) are two feasible ways to obtain PPG signals. In this study, we proposed a hybrid system (called the ICPPG system) employing both methods that can be implemented on a wearable device, facilitating the measurement of BP in an inconspicuous way. The feasibility of the ICPPG system was validated on a dataset with 29 subjects. It has been proved that the ICPPG system is able to estimate PTT values. Moreover, the PTT measured by the new system shows a correlation on average with BP variations for most subjects, which could facilitate a new generation of BP measurement using wearable and mobile devices.
Position-dependent linkages of fibronectin– integrin–cytoskeleton (2000)

Position-dependent cycling of integrin interactions with both the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for cell spreading, migration, and wound healing. Whether there are regional changes in integrin concentration, ligand affinity or cytoskeleton crosslinking of liganded integrins has been unclear. Here, we directly demonstrate a position-dependent binding and release cycle of fibronectin-integrin-cytoskeleton interactions with preferential binding at the front of motile 3T3 fibroblasts and release at the endoplasm-ectoplasm boundary. Polystyrene beads coated with low concentrations of an integrin-binding fragment of fibronectin (fibronectin type III domains 7-10) were 3-4 times more likely to bind to integrins when placed within 0.5 microns vs. 0.5-3 microns from the leading edge. Integrins were not concentrated at the leading edge, nor did anti-integrin antibody-coated beads bind preferentially at the leading edge. However, diffusing liganded integrins attached to the cytoskeleton preferentially at the leading edge. Cytochalasin inhibited edge binding, which suggested that cytoskeleton binding to the integrins could alter the avidity for ligand beads. Further, at the ectoplasm-endoplasm boundary, the velocity of bead movement decreased, diffusive motion increased, and approximately one-third of the beads were released into the medium. We suggest that cytoskeleton linkage of liganded integrins stabilizes integrin-ECM bonds at the front whereas release of cytoskeleton-integrin links weakens integrin-ECM bonds at the back of lamellipodia.
Vaccination of Dogs and Calves Against Microsporum canis (1996)

Experimental vaccine containing Microsporum callis culture showed good protective efticacy against experimental mycosis (ringworm) in challenge bioassays on dogs and calves. The efficacy of a commercial vaccine containing Trichophyton verrucoswn strain proved very good against infection with M. canis in calves but insufticient in dogs.
A generic miniature multi-feature programmable wireless powering headstage ASIC for implantable biomedical systems (2011)

Wireless powering holds immense promise to enable a variety of implantable biomedical measurement systems with different power supply and current budget requirements. Effective power management demands more functionality in the headstage design like power level detection for range estimation and power save modes for sleep-wake operation. This paper proposes a single chip ASIC solution that addresses these problems by incorporating digitally programmable features and thus has the potential to enable wireless powering for many implantable systems. The ASIC includes an RF rectifier which has a peak efficiency of 17.9% at 900 MHz and 11.0% at 2.4 GHz, a robust 1 V bandgap reference and LDO voltage regulator whose output can be programmed in the range of 1 V-1.5 V, and can drive upto 4 mA of load current. The input RF power level detector has a threshold of 1.6 V and the power management block can be programmed to give a 6%, 12.5% or 25% duty cycle power line to the transmitter resulting in upto 60% reduction in average power. The ASIC was fabricated using the TSMC 65 nm process, occupies 1mm(2) die area and the headstage consumes ~300 μA at 1.2V regulated supply.
Prc Contributes to Escherichia coli Evasion of Classical Complement-Mediated Serum Killing (2012)

Escherichia coli is a common Gram-negative organism that causes bacteremia. Prc, a bacterial periplasmic protease, and its homologues are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacterial infections. The present study examined the role of Prc in E. coli bacteremia and characterized the ability of the prc mutant of the pathogenic E. coli strain RS218 to cause bacteremia and survive in human serum. The prc mutant of RS218 exhibited a decreased ability to cause a high level of bacteremia and was more sensitive to serum killing than strain RS218. This sensitivity was due to the mutant's decreased ability to avoid the activation of the antibody-dependent and -independent classical complement cascades as well as its decreased resistance to killing mediated by the membrane attack complex, the end product of complement system activation. The demonstration of Prc in the evasion of classical complement-mediated serum killing of pathogenic E. coli makes this factor a potential target for the development of therapeutic and preventive measures against E. coli bacteremia.
Towards incremental control structure optimisation for process control (2007)

This paper deals with the optimisation of control structures for multivariable process control systems. Incremental optimisation of control structures is the task of improving the performance of an existing control structure by incrementally introducing or removing dynamic connections in the control structure. A preliminary method for the detection of an improving structural change in an existing control structure is presented. The method is applied to the control of a pulverized coal injection process to show its validity and has proven to give good results.
Protection against link errors and failures using network coding (2009)

We propose a network-coding based scheme to protect multiple bidirectional unicast connections against adversarial errors and failures in a network. The network consists of a set of bidirectional primary path connections that carry the uncoded traffic. The end nodes of the bidirectional connections are connected by a set of shared protection paths that provide the redundancy required for protection. Such protection strategies are employed in the domain of optical networks for recovery from failures. In this work we consider the problem of simultaneous protection against adversarial errors and failures. Suppose that n_e paths are corrupted by the omniscient adversary. Under our proposed protocol, the errors can be corrected at all the end nodes with 4n_e protection paths. More generally, if there are n_e adversarial errors and n_f failures, 4n_e + 2n_f protection paths are sufficient. The number of protection paths only depends on the number of errors and failures being protected against and is independent of the number of unicast connections.
Changes From Baseline in Patient- Reported Outcomes at 1 Year Versus 2 Years After Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021)

All PROMs improved considerably from baseline to 1 year, but only very small gains that were below the minimal clinically important differences were observed between 1 year and 2 years after RCR. This study did not find any evidence for requiring a minimum of 2 years of follow-up for publication of PROs after RCR. Our results suggest that focusing on 1-year PROMs after RCR would foster more timely reporting, better control of selection bias, and better allocation of research resources.
Multi-Layer Thin Film Coatings on Bipolar Metal Plates for PEMFC (2016)

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) offers the potential for an efficient, and reliable power source for vehicles. The bipolar plates are a key component in the stack providing mechanical support, supplying reactant gases to both anode and cathode, removing the reaction products, and providing electrical and thermal conductivity. [1] Bipolar plate materials are broadly divided into metallic and carbon-based materials. Carbon-based plate materials do well mechanically; still fabrication is difficult and costly. As a result, metallic bipolar plates are becoming increasingly popular.[2] Metal bipolar plates have all the necessary properties (including high thermal and electrical conductivity, low gas permeability, high manufacturability, and relatively low cost materials); however, chemical instability due to the highly corrosive environment of the PEMFC leads to the formation of a passive surface oxide layer. Altering the surface by coating with a corrosion resistant material can be cost prohibitive when considering the amount of coating necessary to overcome the harsh conditions in a PEMFC, fabrication of the coating, and the number of plates in a stack. Less costly metals for coating, such as titanium, typically form an oxidative layer while non-corrosive metals can form pits where the underlying metal becomes exposed. Our multilayer technique combines both metal types for a corrosion resistant economical solution. [3] This design prevents oxide formation from percolating throughout the layered structure via thin films of non-corrosive layers alternated with thicker Ti layers. The specialized structure of multilayers of thin films (Au/Ti) allows the noncorrosive layer, the most costly, to be &lt;1 nm while maintaining the viability and conductivity of the coating and the metal bipolar plate. [1] H. Tsuchiya and O. Kobayashi, “Mass production cost of PEM fuel cell by learning curve,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29 (2004) 985–990 [2] K. RoBerg and V. Trapp, “Graphite-based bipolar plates,” in Handbook of Fuel Cells Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., JohnWiley &amp; Sons (2003) 308–314 [3] S Wang, J. Peng, W. Lui, and J. Zhang, Performance of the Gold-plated Titanium Bipolar Plates for the Light Weight PEM fuel cells,” Journal of Power Sources 162 (2006) 486–491 SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 1. Multilayer design model. Figure 1
Enabling flow-level latency measurements across routers in data centers (2011)

Detecting and localizing latency-related problems at router and switch levels is an important task to network operators as latency-critical applications in a data center network become popular. This however requires that measurement instances must be deployed at each and every router/switch in the network. In this paper, we study a partial deployment method called Reference Latency Interpolation across Routers (RLIR) to support network operators ’ requirements such as incremental deployment and small deployment complexity without losing localization granularity and estimation accuracy significantly. 1
Particle detachment from fluid interfaces: theory vs. experiments (2016)

Microparticle adsorption and self-assembly at fluid interfaces are strongly affected by the particle three-phase contact angle θ. On the single-particle level, θ can be determined by several techniques, including colloidal-probe AFM, the gel-trapping technique (GTT) and the freeze-fracture shadow-casting (FreSCa) method. While GTT and FreSCa provide contact angle distributions measured over many particles, colloidal-probe AFM measures the wettability of an individual (specified) particle attached onto an AFM cantilever. In this paper, we extract θ for smooth microparticles through the analysis of force-distance curves upon particle approach and retraction from the fluid interface. From each retraction curve, we determine: (i) the maximal force, Fmax; (ii) the detachment distance, Dmax; and (iii) the work for quasistatic detachment, W. To relate Fmax, Dmax and W to θ, we developed a detailed theoretical model based on the capillary theory of flotation. The model was validated in three different ways. First, the contact angles, evaluated from Fmax, Dmax and W, are all close in value and were used to calculate the entire force-distance curves upon particle retraction without any adjustable parameters. Second, the model was successfully applied to predict the experimental force-distance curve of a truncated sphere, whose cut is positioned below the point of particle detachment from the interface. Third, our theory was confirmed by the excellent agreement between the particle contact angles obtained from the colloidal-probe AFM data and the ensemble-average contact angles measured by both GTT and FreSCa. Additionally, we devised a very accurate closed-form expression for W (representing the energy barrier for particle detachment), thus extending previous results in the literature.
Adaptive focusing of transcranial therapeutic ultrasound using MR Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging in a clinical environment (2010)

Background: In order to focus ultrasound beams through aberrating layers such as fat or bones, adaptive focusing techniques have been proposed to improve the focusing, mostly based on the backscattered echoes. We recently proposed an energy-based technique with the sole requirement being knowledge of the acoustic intensity at the desired focus. Here, Magnetic Resonance-Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MR-ARFI) is used to map the displacement induced by the radiation force of a focused ultrasound beam. As the maximum displacement is obtained with the best corrected beam, such a measurement can lead to aberration correction. Material and methods: Proof of concept experiments were previously shown in a small animal MR at 7 T using a 64-elements linear phased array operating at 6 MHz. Optimal refocusing was then obtained through numerical and physical aberrating layers. This work is extended here in a clinical Philips 1.5 T Achieva scanner. The HIFU beam is generated using a 512 elements US phased array (SuperSonic Imagine, France) dedicated to transcranial human experiments and operating at 1 MHz. Experiments are conducted in phantom gels and ex vivo brain tissues through numerical phase aberrators. A motion-sensitized spin echo sequence (TE = 70 ms, TR = 1200 ms, spatial resolution is 2×2×7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) is implemented to measure displacements induced by the acoustic radiation force of transmitted beams. Results: MR-ARFI allowed mapping the distribution of the radiation force at the focus of the array. After the recording of the MR phase signals for different US emissions, the proposed adaptive focusing technique was able to recover the spatial distribution of the phase aberrations. Total acquisition time for 384 ultrasonic emission channels was 2 hours. Conclusion: Those first results in clinical MR at 1.5 T show that adaptive focusing of a human transcranial brain HIFU system can be achieved within reasonable time under MR guidance for aberrator layers as strong as human skull. Ongoing work is aiming at accelerating the acquisition in order to reach acceptable durations for in vivo protocols.