gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bounds on the effective properties of polydispersed suspensions of spheres: An evaluation of two relevant morphological parameters (1990)

Expressions for the two microstructural parameters that appear in the variational third-order bounds [G. W. Milton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 542 (1981)] for the effective conductivity and elastic moduli of composite media are derived analytically to first order in the sphere concentration c for random well-mixed dispersions of impenetrable spheres with an arbitrary size distribution. These relations lead to rigorous bounds on the effective properties which are exactly valid to order c2 for such models. The apparent linear behavior of the microstructural parameters up to moderately high c enables one to apply the bounds beyond second-order in c, however. Employing these results, the effect of polydispersivity on the effective properties is examined. It is worth noting that, under some conditions, polydispersivity can actually lead to a slight decrease of the shear modulus, whereas, for highly conducting particles, polydispersivity always increases the effective conductivity.
Sensitivity of NOS-dependent vascular relaxation pathway to mineralocorticoid receptor blockade in caveolin-1-deficient mice (2010)

Endothelial caveolin-1 (cav-1) is an anchoring protein in plasma membrane caveolae where it binds endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and limits its activation, particularly in animals fed a high salt (HS) diet. Cav-1 also interacts with steroid receptors such as the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). To test the hypothesis that vascular reactivity is influenced by an interplay between MR and cav-1 during HS diet, we examined the effects of MR blockade on NOS-mediated vascular relaxation in normal and cav-1-deficient mice. Wild-type (WT) and cav-1 knockout mice (cav-1(-/-)) were fed for 14 days a HS (4% NaCl) diet with and without the MR antagonist eplerenone (Epl; 100 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)). After systolic blood pressure (BP) was measured, the thoracic aorta was isolated for measurement of vascular reactivity, and the aorta and heart were used for measurement of eNOS and MR expression. BP was not different between WT + Epl and WT, but was higher in cav-1(-/-) + Epl than in cav-1(-/-) mice. Phenylephrine (Phe)-induced vascular contraction was less in cav-1(-/-) than WT, and significantly enhanced in cav-1(-/-) + Epl than in cav-1(-/-), but not in WT + Epl compared with WT. Endothelium removal and NOS blockade by N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) enhanced Phe contraction in cav-1(-/-), but not cav-1(-/-) + Epl. ACh-induced aortic relaxation was reduced in cav-1(-/-) + Epl versus cav-1(-/-), but not in WT + Epl compared with WT. Endothelium removal, l-NAME, and the guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ abolished the large ACh-induced relaxation in cav-1(-/-) and the remaining relaxation in the cav-1(-/-) + Epl but had similar inhibitory effect in WT and WT + Epl. Real-time RT-PCR indicated decreased eNOS mRNA expression in the aorta and heart, and Western blots revealed decreased total eNOS in the heart of cav-1(-/-) + Epl compared with cav-1(-/-). Vascular and cardiac MR expression was less in cav-1(-/-) than WT, but not in cav-1(-/-) + Epl compared with cav-1(-/-). Plasma aldosterone (Aldo) was not different between WT and cav-1(-/-) mice nontreated or treated with Epl. Thus in cav-1 deficiency states and HS diet MR blockade is associated with increased BP, enhanced vasoconstriction, and decreased NOS-mediated vascular relaxation and eNOS expression. The data suggest that, in the absence of cav-1, MR activation plays a beneficial role in regulating eNOS expression/activity and, consequently, the vascular function during HS diet.
10Gbit/s Bias-free and Error-free All-optical NRZ-OOK to RZ-OOK Format Conversion Using a III-V-on-silicon Microdisk Resonator (2012)

We report the experimental demonstration of an all-optical, bias free and error-free (bit-error-rate ~10−12), 10Gbit/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) to return-to-zero (RZ) data format conversion in a 7.5µm diameter III-V microdisk integrated on top of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide circuit.
Defining Limits of Treatment with Humanized Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody for West Nile Virus Neurological Infection in a Hamster Model (2007)

A potent anti-West Nile virus (anti-WNV)-neutralizing humanized monoclonal antibody, hE16, was previously shown to improve the survival of WNV-infected hamsters when it was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), even after the virus had infected neurons in the brain. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic limit of hE16 for the treatment of WNV infection in hamsters by comparing single-dose peripheral (i.p.) therapy with direct administration into the pons through a convection-enhanced delivery (CED) system. At day 5 after infection, treatments with hE16 by the peripheral and the CED routes were equally effective at reducing morbidity and mortality. In contrast, at day 6 only the treatment by the CED route protected the hamsters from lethal infection. These experiments suggest that hE16 can directly control WNV infection in the central nervous system. In support of this, hE16 administered i.p. was detected in a time-dependent manner in the serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), cerebral cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord in CSF. A linear relationship between the hE16 dose and the concentration in serum was observed, and maximal therapeutic activity occurred at doses of 0.32 mg/kg of body weight or higher, which produced serum hE16 concentrations of 1.3 microg/ml or higher. Overall, these data suggest that in hamsters hE16 can ameliorate neurological disease after significant viral replication has occurred, although there is a time window that limits therapeutic efficacy.
Electroporation-Based Genetic Modification of Primary Human Pigment Epithelial Cells using the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System (2021)

Our increasingly aging society leads to a growing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. So far, the pathological mechanisms are inadequately understood, thus impeding the establishment of defined treatments. Cell-based additive gene therapies for the increased expression of a protective factor are considered as a promising option to medicate neurodegenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have developed a method for the stable expression of the gene encoding pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), which is characterized as a neuroprotective and anti-angiogenic protein in the nervous system, into the genome of primary human pigment epithelial (PE) cells using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system. Primary PE cells were isolated from human donor eyes and maintained in culture. After reaching confluence, 1 x 104 cells were suspended in 11 µL of resuspension buffer and combined with 2 µL of a purified solution containing 30 ng of hyperactive SB (SB100X) transposase plasmid and 470 ng of PEDF transposon plasmid. Genetic modification was carried out with a capillary electroporation system using the following parameters: two pulses with a voltage of 1,100 V and a width of 20 ms. Transfected cells were transferred into culture plates containing medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum; antibiotics and antimycotics were added with the first medium exchange. Successful transfection was demonstrated in independently performed experiments. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed the increased expression of the PEDF transgene. PEDF secretion was significantly elevated and remained stable, as evaluated by immunoblotting, and quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SB100X-mediated transfer allowed for a stable PEDF gene integration into the genome of PE cells and ensured the continuous secretion of PEDF, which is critical for the development of a cell-based gene addition therapy to treat AMD or other retinal degenerative diseases. Moreover, analysis of the integration profile of the PEDF transposon into human PE cells indicated an almost random genomic distribution.
Supplementary Tables 1-5 from Considerations for the Clinical Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: Observations from a <i>Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee Symposium</i> Held June 15, 2010 (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-5 from Considerations for the Clinical Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: Observations from a &lt;i&gt;Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee Symposium&lt;/i&gt; Held June 15, 2010
Collision Handling for the Modelica MultiBody Library (2005)

The Modelica MultiBody library is extended with collision handling. It is demonstrated how to use this new feature. Different implementations are explained based on parametric surfaces, on surfaces described by algebraic constraints, and on surface descriptions by primitives and triangles using the collision package SOLID 3.5. Furthermore, the response calculation by a resultant contact force and torque is discussed.
Formation of a Mast Cell Synapse: FcεRI Membrane Dynamics upon Binding Mobile or Immobilized Ligands on Surfaces (2009)

Fc epsilonRI on mast cells form a synapse when presented with mobile, bilayer-incorporated Ag. In this study, we show that receptor reorganization within the contacting mast cell membrane is markedly different upon binding of mobile and immobilized ligands. Rat basophilic leukemia mast cells primed with fluorescent anti-DNP IgE were engaged by surfaces presenting either bilayer-incorporated, monovalent DNP-lipid (mobile ligand), or chemically cross-linked, multivalent DNP (immobilized ligand). Total internal reflection fluorescence imaging and electron microscopy methods were used to visualize receptor reorganization at the contact site. The spatial relationships of Fc epsilonRI to other cellular components at the synapse, such as actin, cholesterol, and linker for activation of T cells, were also analyzed. Stimulation of mast cells with immobilized polyvalent ligand resulted in typical levels of degranulation. Remarkably, degranulation also followed interaction of mast cells, with bilayers presenting mobile, monovalent ligand. Receptors engaged with mobile ligand coalesce into large, cholesterol-rich clusters that occupy the central portion of the contacting membrane. These data indicate that Fc epsilonRI cross-linking is not an obligatory step in triggering mast cell signaling and suggest that dense populations of mobile receptors are capable of initiating low-level degranulation upon ligand recognition.
A BJT-Based Temperature-to-Digital Converter With a ±0.25 °C 3$\sigma$ -Inaccuracy From −40 °C to +180 °C Using Heater-Assisted Voltage Calibration (2019)

This article presents a BJT-based temperature-todigital-converter (TDC) that achieves ±0.25 °C 3σ-inaccuracy from -40 °C to +180 °C after a heater-assisted voltage calibration (HA-VCAL). Its switched-capacitor (SC) ADC employs two sampling capacitors and, thus, the minimum number of critical sampling switches, which minimizes the effects of switch leakage at high temperatures and improves accuracy. The TDC is also equipped with an on-chip heater, with which the sensing BJTs can be rapidly (<; 0.5 s) heated to about 110 °C. This, in turn, enables VCAL at two different temperatures without the need for a temperature-controlled environment. Realized in a 0.16-μm standard CMOS, the TDC, including the on-chip heater, occupies 0.15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and operates from 1.8 V.
The Type of Growth Medium Affects the Presence of a Mycobacterial Capsule and Is Associated With Differences in Protective Efficacy of BCG Vaccination AgainstMycobacterium tuberculosis (2016)

The presence of detergent in growth media and a capsule on BCG were associated with differences in the outcome of vaccination, implying that these are important variables in immunological studies.
INTRODUCTION (2006)

No AccessInternational Plastics HandbookJun 2006INTRODUCTIONTim A. Osswald, Erwin Baur, Sigrid Brinkmann, Karl Oberbach, Ernst SchmachtenbergTim A. Osswald, Erwin Baur, Sigrid Brinkmann, Karl Oberbach, Ernst Schmachtenberghttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446407923.001SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2006Pages: 1-15Print ISBN: 978-3-446-22905-1eISBN: 978-3-446-40792-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2006 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Functional Properties of Protein Isolate from Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) (2004)

ABSTRACT: Functional properties of protein isolates prepared from 3 cowpea varieties and 2 soybean varieties in each of 2 y were determined. Both cowpea protein isolate (CPI) and soy protein isolate (SPI) showed a u‐shaped curve for solubility with the minimum solubility occurring at pH 4.5. The CPI had lower emulsifying activity than SPI but was similar in stability. Foaming capacity and foaming stability ranged from 58.6 to 60.2 mL and 63.7 to 64.4 min for CPI and from 31.9 to 33.0 mL and 43.4 to 45.0 min for SPI, respectively. Gels were formed at 70 °C for 40 min and 30 min for CPI (12%) and SPI (10%), respectively. The CPI needs modification to enhance functional properties for potential application in food products.
Host lung microbiota promotes malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (2022)

Severe malaria can manifest itself with a variety of well-recognized clinical phenotypes that are highly predictive of death - severe anaemia, coma (cerebral malaria), multiple organ failure, and respiratory distress. The reasons why an infected individual develops one pathology rather than another remain poorly understood. Here we use distinct rodent models of infection to show that the host microbiota is a contributing factor for the development of respiratory distress syndrome and host mortality in the context of malaria infections (malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome, MA-ARDS). We show that parasite sequestration in the lung results in sustained immune activation. Subsequent production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by T cells compromises microbial control, leading to severe lung disease. Notably, bacterial clearance with linezolid, an antibiotic commonly used in the clinical setting to control lung-associated bacterial infections, prevents MA-ARDS-associated lethality. Thus, we propose that the host's anti-inflammatory response to limit tissue damage can result in loss of microbial control, which promotes MA-ARDS. This must be considered when intervening against life-threatening respiratory complications.
3D heterogeneous integrated systems: Liquid cooling, power delivery, and implementation (2008)

This paper describes a novel 3D integration technology that enables the integration of electrical, optical, and microfluidic interconnects in a 3D die stack. The electrical interconnects are used to provide power delivery and signaling, the optical interconnects are used to enable optical signal routing to all levels of the 3D stack, and the microfluidic interconnects are used to cool each level in the 3D stack and thus enable stacking of high-performance (high-power) dice. These interconnects are integrated in a 3D stack both as through-silicon vias (TSVs) and as input/output (I/O) interconnects. Design trade-offs (TSV density, power supply noise, thermal resistance, and pump size), fabrication, and assembly are reported.
MR Imaging at 3.0 T in Children: Technical Differences, Safety Issues, and Initial (2009)

The high signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of 3.0-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be used to obtain high-resolution thin-section images in a short acquisition time. These advantages are associated with an increased specifi c absorption rate (SAR) and more artifacts owing to B 1 inhomogeneity and increased susceptibility and chemical shift. Potential advantages of 3-T imaging in children include acquisition of good-quality images even with a small fi eld of view (FOV). The shorter overall acquisition time of 3-T imaging is useful in children, who may not be able to cooperate for long. Shorter acquisition times also improve safety by reducing patient monitoring time within the enclosed bore of an MR imaging unit. SAR-related issues and dielectric artifacts are less problematic with a small FOV. Parallel imaging helps reduce SAR, susceptibility artifacts, and blurring of T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) and single-shot FSE images by reducing the echo train length.
Improved Cycling Stability of Lithium Electrodes in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2013)

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer was coated onto lithium metal as a protective layer. The thin conductive polymer with strong adhesion to the lithium electrode suppressed the corrosion of the lithium metal and stabilized the interface of the lithium electrode in prolonged contact with the organic electrolyte. The conductive polymer coating on the lithium metal caused the capacity retention of the Li/LiCoO2 cell to increase from 9.3% to 87.3% after 200 cycles compared to the cell with the pristine lithium electrode. The improvement in cycling stability is attributed to the conductive polymer coating suppressing lithium dendrite growth and the deleterious reaction between the lithium electrode and the electrolyte solution during cycling.
Data from An Image Analysis Resource for Cancer Research: PIIP—Pathology Image Informatics Platform for Visualization, Analysis, and Management (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Pathology Image Informatics Platform (PIIP) is an NCI/NIH sponsored project intended for managing, annotating, sharing, and quantitatively analyzing digital pathology imaging data. It expands on an existing, freely available pathology image viewer, Sedeen. The goal of this project is to develop and embed some commonly used image analysis applications into the Sedeen viewer to create a freely available resource for the digital pathology and cancer research communities. Thus far, new plugins have been developed and incorporated into the platform for out of focus detection, region of interest transformation, and IHC slide analysis. Our biomarker quantification and nuclear segmentation algorithms, written in MATLAB, have also been integrated into the viewer. This article describes the viewing software and the mechanism to extend functionality by plugins, brief descriptions of which are provided as examples, to guide users who want to use this platform. PIIP project materials, including a video describing its usage and applications, and links for the Sedeen Viewer, plug-ins, and user manuals are freely available through the project web page: &lt;a href="http://pathiip.org" target="_blank"&gt;http://pathiip.org&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(21); e83–86. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Effects of electron concentration on the optical absorption edge of InN (2004)

InN films with free electron concentrations ranging from mid-1017 to mid-1020 cm−3 have been studied using optical absorption, Hall effect, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The optical absorption edge covers a wide energy range from the intrinsic band gap of InN of about 0.7 to about 1.7 eV which is close to the previously accepted band gap of InN. The electron concentration dependence of the optical absorption edge energy is fully accounted for by the Burstein–Moss shift. Results of secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements indicate that O and H impurities cannot fully account for the free electron concentration in the films.
<title>Substrate-mode polarizing beam-splitter realized with sandwich reflection holograms recorded in DuPont photopolymer</title> (1998)

We present a transmission holographic element that spatially separates the Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) polarization modes. This element can be used as a polarizing beam-splitter as well as an optical switch. Its originality is that it is compared of two reflection holograms stacked together with index matching glue or liquid. The former hologram is a mirror called 'substrate- mode hologram' (SMH) because of its diffraction angle higher than the internal reflection angle in the substrate. The second hologram is a mirror that only reflects the TE mode in accordance with the coupled wave theory. The main advantages of associating two reflection elements rather than transmission usual ones are a wider angular selectivity peak, a greater wavelength selectivity and the possibility to reach high diffractive efficiency with the SMH for both polarization modes. The high index modulation amplitude in the DuPont Omnidex photopolymer enables the recording of elements with high performance and permits to take benefit of the dry process in order to save the accurate grating geometry associated with desired properties. We propose an original design and discuss theoretical and experimental behaviors for green and red reading wavelengths.
Construction of ITER common test facility for CS model coil (1996)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is constructing the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor common test facility for the Central Solenoid Model Coil which is around 180 tons, a forced-flow cooled magnet with the maximum pulsed operation of 2 T/s and generates the rated magnetic field of 13 T at 48 kA with stored energy of 668 MJ. The test facility consists of a coil vacuum chamber, a cryogenic system with the 5-kW refrigerator and 500-g/s cryogenic pump, two pairs of 50-kA current leads, two DC power supplies (50 kA and 60 kA) and two JT-60 pulsed power supplies (50 kA, /spl plusmn/4.5 kV and /spl plusmn/40 kA, /spl plusmn/1.5 kV). The facility will be demonstrating the refrigeration and operation of a fusion pulsed magnet and the design and construction will accumulate experience towards the construction of ITER.
Phosphorelays Provide Tunable Signal Processing Capabilities for the Cell (2013)

Achieving a complete understanding of cellular signal transduction requires deciphering the relation between structural and biochemical features of a signaling system and the shape of the signal-response relationship it embeds. Using explicit analytical expressions and numerical simulations, we present here this relation for four-layered phosphorelays, which are signaling systems that are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and also found in lower eukaryotes and plants. We derive an analytical expression that relates the shape of the signal-response relationship in a relay to the kinetic rates of forward, reverse phosphorylation and hydrolysis reactions. This reveals a set of mathematical conditions which, when satisfied, dictate the shape of the signal-response relationship. We find that a specific topology also observed in nature can satisfy these conditions in such a way to allow plasticity among hyperbolic and sigmoidal signal-response relationships. Particularly, the shape of the signal-response relationship of this relay topology can be tuned by altering kinetic rates and total protein levels at different parts of the relay. These findings provide an important step towards predicting response dynamics of phosphorelays, and the nature of subsequent physiological responses that they mediate, solely from topological features and few composite measurements; measuring the ratio of reverse and forward phosphorylation rate constants could be sufficient to determine the shape of the signal-response relationship the relay exhibits. Furthermore, they highlight the potential ways in which selective pressures on signal processing could have played a role in the evolution of the observed structural and biochemical characteristic in phosphorelays.