gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Mode reconfigurable Software Defined Radio architecture for avionic radios (2017)

This paper presents an architecture using Software Defined Radio (SDR) techniques to integrate multiple avionic radios in a single hardware module. This architecture allows avionic radio functions to share the same computational and hardware resources, run simultaneously numerous avionic radios, and dynamically reconfigure the resource allocation depending on the current active radio sets (or modes). This work aims to address two main challenges of avionics design: reducing the Size, Weight, Power and Cost (SWAP-C), and future proofing of the design to cope with the continuous changes in standards and communication needs. The presented prototype integrates five radio applications: four CNS/ATM commercially existing applications, namely Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) OUT, ADS-B IN and Transponder Mode-S (TMS), and a custom-made In-Flight Connectivity (IFC) radio service equipment referred as Wide-Band Radio (WBR). Additionally, the prototype is based on Low-Cost Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components. The experimental results show that, with current hardware, attaining the Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) is achievable as long as the hardware impairments are compensated via DSP techniques.
Midgut–Transgenic Crops ExpressingBacillus thuringiensisCry Proteins (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Plant Engineering Insecticidal Crystal Proteins from B. thuringiensis 1030 Bt Plants Insect Resistance to Bt Resistance Management with Bt Plants Safety of Bt Plants Conclusions References
Integration of Data Mining and Relational Databases (2000)

In this paper, we review the past work and discuss the future of integration of data mining and relational database systems. We also discuss support for integration in Microsoft SQL Server 2000.
In-ear and on-body measurements of impulse-noise exposure (2019)

Accurate quantification of noise exposure in military environments is challenging due to movement of listeners and noise sources, spectral and temporal noise characteristics, and varied use of hearing protection. This study evaluates a wearable recording device designed to measure on-body and in-ear noise exposure, specifically in an environment with significant impulse noise resulting from firearms. A commercial audio recorder was augmented to obtain simultaneous measurements inside the ear canal behind an integrated hearing protector, and near the outer ear. Validation measurements, conducted with an acoustic test fixture and shock tube, indicated high impulse peak insertion loss with a proper fit of the integrated hearing protector. The recording devices were worn by five subjects during a live-fire data collection at Marine Corps Base Quantico where Marines fired semi-automatic rifles. The field test demonstrated the successful measurement of high-level impulse waveforms with the on-body and in-ear recording system. Dual channels allowed for instantaneous fit estimates for the hearing protection component, and the device worked as intended in terms of hearing protection and noise dosimetry. Accurate measurements of noise exposure and hearing protector fit should improve the ability to model and assess the risks of noise-induced hearing loss.
Supplementary Fig. S3 from A selective small-molecule nuclear factor-κB inhibitor from a high-throughput cell-based assay for “activator protein-1 hits” (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S3 from A selective small-molecule nuclear factor-κB inhibitor from a high-throughput cell-based assay for “activator protein-1 hits”
Jānis Priedkalns – Outstanding Latvian Medical Scientist, 1934–2022 (2022)

Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications.
Narrowband fiber-optic phase-shifted Fabry–Perot Bragg grating filters for atmospheric water vapor lidar measurements (2005)

A unique ultranarrowband fiber-optic phase-shifted Fabry-Perot Bragg grating filter for atmospheric water vapor lidar measurements was designed, fabricated, and successfully tested. Customized optical fiber Bragg gratings were fabricated so that two transmission filter peaks occurred: one (89% transmission, 8 pm FWHM) near the 946-nm water vapor absorption line and the other peak (80% transmission, 4 pm FWHM) at a region of no absorption. Both transmission peaks were within a 2.66-nm stop band. Demonstration of tension tuning to the 946.0003-nm water vapor line was achieved, and the performance characterization of custom-made optical fiber Bragg grating filters are presented. These measurements are successfully compared to theoretical calculations using a piecewise-matrix form of the coupled-mode equations.
Space-Frequency Scheduling in TDD Based LTE-Advanced MIMO-OFDMA Systems (2011)

Space-frequency resource allocation and multiuser beamforming are crucial techniques to obtain high spectral efficiency requirements of IMT-A technologies. In this paper, we consider system level evaluation results of downlink TDD based LTE-A MIMO-OFDMA networks in ITU-R specific IMT-A evaluation environments. Efficient multiuser MIMO beamforming with and without intra-site coordinated multipoint (CoMP) and proportional fair space-frequency scheduling algorithms are particularly investigated. The system level results indicate that MU-MIMO and CoMP are needed in urban micro (UMi) environment to achieve the ITU-R specific spectral efficiency requirements. In ITU specific indoor scenario, MU-MIMO system is able to provide very high spectral efficiency because intercell interference is not limiting performance so strongly. The considered MU-MIMO CoMP seems to work also in rural macro environment with high mobility users and outdated CSI.
Philosophical foundations (2014)

Much work in artificial intelligence (AI) has built on concepts and theories developed by philosophers and logicians. This chapter introduces this foundational work, surveying different conceptions of AI, the philosophical dream of mechanizing human reasoning, the conceptual roots of AI, and the major theories of mind that have underpinned different strands of AI research. It discusses an area that serves as an exemplar of AI that is bound up with philosophy. The three principal philosophical criticisms of strong AI that helped to change the tide in the AI community and point to new research directions are the critique of Hubert Dreyfus, Block's critique of machine functionalism via the China brain thought experiments and Searle's Chinese Room thought experiment. Neural networks are capable of a certain type of learning; they can be trained to compute, or approximate, a target function.
Ag-Organic Layered Samples for Optoelectronic Applications: Interface Width and Roughening Using a 500 eV Cs+ Probe in Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (2012)

The performance of organic optoelectronic devices depends a lot on interface structure and width. Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been widely used to investigate interfaces in classical semiconductor devices and limitations are quite well understood. For low-energy dynamic SIMS on organic optoelectronic devices, sputter-induced diffusion processes and roughness formation have only been investigated sparsely. In this work we use low-energy dynamic SIMS depth profiling on metal-organic multilayered model samples with compositions similar to organic optoelectronic devices to investigate limitations in the calculation of interface widths due to sputter-induced roughness formation. The samples consist of silver and organic compounds (e.g., tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (Alq(3)) and metal phthalocyanines) sequentially deposited by thermal evaporation in vacuum onto a Si substrate. They are analyzed by a 500 eV Cs(+) primary ion beam. Surface roughness at the SIMS crater bottoms is characterized by AFM as a function of crater depth. We find that the roughness in SIMS craters is limited to approximately 1.5 nm, which is much smaller than the interface width of the as-deposited interfaces. Thus, for the studied organic-inorganic interfaces, low-energy dynamic SIMS can yield accurate information about interface morphology, allowing the study of its dependence on sample preparation conditions and its implication on device properties.
Optimal Jamming Attack Strategies and Network Defense Policies in Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

We consider a scenario where a sophisticated jammer jams an area in which a single-channel random-access-based wireless sensor network operates. The jammer controls the probability of jamming and the transmission range in order to cause maximal damage to the network in terms of corrupted communication links. The jammer action ceases when it is detected by the network (namely by a monitoring node), and a notification message is transferred out of the jammed region. The jammer is detected by employing an optimal detection test based on the percentage of incurred collisions. On the other hand, the network defends itself by computing the channel access probability to minimize the jamming detection plus notification time. The necessary knowledge of the jammer in order to optimize its benefit consists of knowledge about the network channel access probability and the number of neighbors of the monitor node. Accordingly, the network needs to know the jamming probability of the jammer. We study the idealized case of perfect knowledge by both the jammer and the network about the strategy of each other and the case where the jammer and the network lack this knowledge. The latter is captured by formulating and solving optimization problems where the attacker and the network respond optimally to the worst-case or the average-case strategies of the other party. We also take into account potential energy constraints of the jammer and the network. We extend the problem to the case of multiple observers and adaptable jamming transmission range and propose a meaningful heuristic algorithm for an efficient jamming strategy. Our results provide valuable insights about the structure of the jamming problem and associated defense mechanisms and demonstrate the impact of knowledge as well as adoption of sophisticated strategies on achieving desirable performance.
Gapped and gapless spin liquid phases on the Kagome lattice from chiral three-spin interactions (2013)

We argue that a relatively simple model containing only SU(2)-invariant chiral three-spin interactions on a Kagome lattice of S=1/2 spins can give rise to both a gapped and a gapless quantum spin liquid. Our arguments are rooted in a formulation in terms of network models of edge states and are backed up by a careful numerical analysis. For a uniform choice of chirality on the lattice, we realize the Kalmeyer-Laughlin state, i.e. a gapped spin liquid which is identified as the nu=1/2 bosonic Laughlin state. For staggered chiralities, a gapless spin liquid emerges which exhibits gapless spin excitations along lines in momentum space, a feature that we probe by studying quasi-two-dimensional systems of finite width. We thus provide a single, appealingly simple spin model (i) for what is probably the simplest realization of the Kalmeyer-Laughlin state to date, as well as (ii) for a non-Fermi liquid state with lines of gapless SU(2) spin excitations.
Identifying latency factors in SDN-based Mobile Core Networks (2016)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is considered one of the major driving factors to bring radical changes on Mobile Core Networks (MCN) design. There are many proposals on how to advocate SDN methodology, however, most of them stop at “vision” level without providing details about key performance contributors. In this paper, we tackle this gap and present a study of latency in SDN based MCN. We identify the major factors and elements in an SDN MCN that contribute to the overall latency. Two types of latency are considered: the processing delay inside the SDN control plane and the transmission delay of SDN control messages between controller and the managed switches. We use a realistic system setup with implementations of SDN controller and SDN application, as well as in-band transfer of control messages among switches and controller. We compare the latency obtained from SDN based MCN with the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). The observed overall latency in our experiments for SDN based MCN is within the EPC requirements. The direct comparison of the SDN versus EPC based MCN in the proposed scenarios show the first can reduce the overall latency. We also identified that the calls to controller APIs can be the major key contributors to the overall latency in SDN MCN, but the act of transmitting more control messages from the controller to the switches to setup longer flowpaths is not a key contributor for the overall latency.
Novel Organo-Siloxane Copolymers for Flame Retardant Applications (2010)

Environmentally safe polysiloxane copolymers, such as copolyamides, copolyesters and copolyimides with aromatic linkers were biocatalytically synthesized using lipase as a bio-catalyst. Their thermal and flame-retardant properties were investigated. Polysiloxane copolyamides show excellent flame-retardant properties in terms of heat release capacities and char yields. The crosslinked copolyamides further improved the heat release capacity to as low as 90 J/g-K. However, the degradation temperatures are relatively low compared to copolyimides synthesized enzymatically and non-enzymatically. The copolyimides synthesized using various dianhydride monomers without using any biocatalyst showed improved degradation temperatures of up to 440-470 °C compared to copolyamides/esters (390 - 410 °C).
STATIC LOADING TEST ON A FULL-SCALE FIVE STORY REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME STRUCTURE WITH WING WALLS, SPANDREL WALLS, AND HANGING WALLS (2021)

This study proposes a disaster resilient structural design of reinforced concrete buildings with ordinary construction approach, and demonstrates the seismic capacity by the full-scale test on five-story reinforced concrete buildings. In this design, the building produces base shear coefficient higher than 0.55 by utilizing wing wall, spandrel wall, and hanging wall. The target damage level under extreme ground motion is less than slight for buildings, and grade I for each member. This method improves the strength and stiffness of the moment resisting frame and reduces the deformation during earthquakes. That can minimize the damage on each member.
Autologous Humoral Response to Human Gliomas and Analysis of Certain Cell Surface Antigens: In Vitro Study With the Use of Microcytotoxicity and Immune Adherence Assays23 (1980)

In 25 patients with intracranial gliomas, the autologous humoral response was studied in vitro with the use of microcytotoxicity (MC) and immune adherence (IA) assays. Antibodies were detected to autologous cultures in 44% of the cases by MC and in 50% by IA. These positive responses occurred in statistically different groups of patients, which suggested that different functional types of antibody were involved. Direct testing and absorption experiments showed that antibody was not significantly directed against autologous fibroblasts. Autologous cytotoxic antibodies were detected by 67% of astrocytoma cases and in only 10% of patients harboring a glioblastoma, the most anaplastic tumor of the glioma series. By means of the IA assay, absorption experiments were performed with the use of adult and fetal brains and cultures of autologous and allogeneic gliomas and fibroblasts. In this serologic system, the types of antigenic expression of a human glioma could be categorized as follows: 1) highly restricted glioma antigen(s), 2) common glioma antigen(s), 3) neurectoderm-derived antigen(s), and 4) brain and fibroblast-associated oncofetal antigen(s). The common glioma antigen and oncofetal antigen appeared to be qualitatively different, and the glioma antigen was expressed in uncultured tumor tissue.
Bortezomib treatment and regulatory T-cell depletion enhance the antitumor effects of adoptively infused NK cells (2009)

Ligation of inhibitory receptors renders natural killer (NK) cells inactive against autologous tumors. Recently, the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib was shown to sensitize tumors to autologous NK-cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Here, we show bortezomib augments the antitumor effects of syngeneic NK-cell infusions in tumor-bearing animals; this effect is further enhanced in regulatory T cell (Treg cell)-depleted hosts. In vitro, bortezomib-treated tumors had higher tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and perforin/granzyme-mediated caspase-8 activity, which enhanced their susceptibility to NK-cell lysis. Bioluminescence imaging of mice with established tumors showed treatment with bortezomib and syngeneic NK cells reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival compared with controls receiving bortezomib or NK cells alone. In contrast, tumor progression was not delayed when animals received bortezomib and perforin-deficient NK cells, showing drug-induced augmentation in NK-cell cytotoxicity was mediated through perforin/granzyme. Furthermore, tumor growth was slower in bortezomib-treated recipients when host Treg cells were eradicated with anti-CD25 antibody before infusing NK cells compared with mice without Treg-cell ablation (tumor doubling time, 16.7 vs 4.9 days, respectively; P = .02). These findings suggest that depletion of Treg cells followed by bortezomib-induced tumor sensitization to autologous NK cells could be used as a novel strategy to treat cancer.
On the Membranal Action of Pardaxin (2019)

This chapter deals with some basic aspects and hypotheses concerning the structure/function relationships of pardaxin. When applied in large doses and/or prolonged applications, to more restricted and specific interferences with membranal functions that are mediated by proteins such as ionic channels, carrier molecules, and membrane-bound enzymes. The vast majority of excitatory neurotoxic effect were reproduced by pardaxin--the toxin derived from the P. marmoratus secretion. This concerns the ichthyotoxic, hemolytic, and excitatory action on a nerve muscle preparation as well as the cytolytic, heart-cell-depolarizing, enzyme-blocking, and fish-gill-histopathologic activities. The concentration of pardaxin in the overall system was in the range of 0.2 - 0.3 µg/mL of medium. In this experiment the effect of pardaxin was compared with that of melittin--a low-molecular-weight, strongly basic and amphipatic protein derived from bee venom, well-known to interact hydrophobically with phospholipid bilayers and biologic membranes and to possess cytolytic activity.
Rapid Translocation Frequency Analysis in Humans Decades after Exposure to Ionizing Radiation (1992)

This paper presents an analysis of the utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome probes for measurement of the genomic frequency of translocations found in the peripheral blood of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. First, we derive the equation: Fp = 2.05fp(1-fp)FG, relating the translocation frequency, Fp, measured using FISH to the genomic translocation frequency, FG, where fp is the fraction of the genome covered by the composite probe. We demonstrate the validity of this equation by showing that: (a) translocation detection efficiency predicted by the equation is consistent with experimental data as fp is changed; (b) translocation frequency dose-response curves measured in vitro using FISH agree well with dicentric frequency dose-response curves measured in vitro using conventional cytogenetic procedures; and (c) the genomic translocation frequencies estimated from FISH measurements for 20 Hiroshima A-bomb survivors and four workers exposed to ionizing radiation during the Y-12 criticality accident are approximately the same as the translocation frequencies measured using G-banding. We also show that translocation frequency dose response curves estimated using FISH are similar for Hiroshima A-bomb survivors and for first division lymphocytes irradiated in vitro. We conclude with a discussion of the potential utility of translocation frequency analysis for assessment of the level of acute radiation exposure independent of the time between analysis and exposure.
PB1705 CBC PARAMETERS BASED DERIVED PREDICTIVE FACTOR FOR ACUTE PROMYELOCYTE LEUKEMIA (2019)

Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) due to coagulopathies drives hematological distress in clinical practices. A targeted and timely offered treatment can be a benefitting tool for patients. Aims: Present study was conducted to introduce pre‐microscopic screening of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) through research potential parameters generated by routine hematology analyzers during CBC analysis. Methods: Blood samples of controls and patients (APML and other hematological neoplasms) were analyzed on Sysmex XN‐1000. Peripheral blood film was examined for morphological diagnosis. CBC parameters and values for intensities of white blood cell's side, forward, and side florescence light scatter were recorded from analyzer software. Statistical and machine learning (unsupervised) tools were used to evaluate the predictive power of routine and research CBC parameters. Novel APML factor was derived from white blood cell and platelet count along mean value of neutrophil side fluorescence light (NE‐SFL) through logistic regression. At proposed cutoff value (‐2.011), APML factor was challenged for prediction of APML among present study cases. Results: Values for white blood cell (WBC), platelet, and NE‐SFL were exceptionally discriminative for APML 5.65, 29.5, and 54.4 respectively in comparison to non‐APML 7.96, 219, and 47.00 respectively cases. In combination, WBC and platelet count increased the predictive power of NE‐SFL when utilized in derivation of our proposed “APML factor”: ‐4.5070 + (0.049213 x NE‐SFL) + (‐0.017431 x PLT) + (‐0.0058366 x WBC). This factor gave robust impact in differentiation of APML with high values 0.935 and 0.985 for sensitivity and negative predictive power (NPP) respectively at cutoff of ‐2.011. Summary/Conclusion: Our proposed APML factor has strong potential to be incorporate/calculate and examine as part of CBC report for early prediction of APML.
Information Rate of Probabilistically Shaped QAM with Non-Ideal Forward Error Correction (2018)

Simulations and experiments using probabilistically shaped QAM quantify the impact of nonideal coding on the information rate. A coding gap induces an information rate loss that increases with the underlying constellation size, favoring lower-order QAM templates.
Isolation, Purification, and Identification of 2-(p-Hydroxyphenoxy)-5, 7-Dihydroxychromone: A Fungal-Induced Phytoalexin from Cassia obtusifolia (1992)

A single phytoalexin was isolated and purified from 12- to 14-day-old leaves of Cassia obtusifolia L. inoculated with Alternaria cassiae Jurair & Khan. The structure was elucidated by (1)H- and (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry as 2-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-5,7-dihydroxychromone. The compound was shown to be derived in part from phenylalanine. Radial growth of A. cassiae was inhibited 50% by the compound at 0.3 millimolar. This moderate toxicity is compensated for by the relatively high levels (3 millimolar) accumulated. Phenoxychromones have been previously reported only as constitutive secondary metabolites in Artemisia capillaris Thunb., in which their function is unknown.