gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low temperature heat capacity of Ti3SiC2 (1999)

Calorimetric measurements between 2 and 10 K have been made on Ti3SiC2. The molar heat capacity, c, data can be fitted to the sum of an electronic and a lattice contribution: c=γT+βT3. The β value of 0.049 mJ/mol K4 yields a Debye temperature of 620 K, typical of high stiffness and hardness ceramic materials such as TiC. This value is significantly higher than the Debye temperature measured from elastic measurements. The γ value of 5.21 mJ/mol K2 is a measure of the density of states at the Fermi level. This value, when normalized to a per Ti atom basis, is higher than that of TiC0.97, but roughly half that of Ti metal, implying that covalent-type bonding induced electron localization increases in going from Ti to Ti3SiC2 to TiC. It also partially explains the excellent electrical and thermal conductivities of Ti3SiC2.
A Randomized Pilot Study of Monthly Cycled Testosterone Replacement or Continuous Testosterone ReplacementVersusPlacebo in Older Men (2011)

Cycled testosterone improved body composition and increased muscle strength compared with placebo and increased FSR similarly to continuous testosterone.
Fast spatial-domain convolution which accounts for system spatial resolution (2002)

The modeling of the distance-dependent spatial resolution of SPECT imaging in the projector and backprojector pair used in iterative reconstruction improves the resulting slices both quantitatively and qualitatively. By using small, spatial-domain, convolution masks to model the blurring from one image plane to the next, Gaussian diffusion can markedly reduce the computational burden. The problem with Gaussian diffusion is that aliasing distorts the coefficients of the masks such that there can be a significant loss in the accuracy with which resolution is modeled. The use of integration of the probability density function of the Gaussian function over pixel boundaries as opposed to delta-function sampling, an effective value for the standard deviation of the Gaussian used in blurring from one plane to the next, and diffusion over multiple plane steps were investigated as possible methods to diminish the impact of aliasing on accuracy. For large pixel sizes the combined use of all three methods was determined to be needed to reduce the impact of aliasing on accuracy. As the pixel size decreases, the use of any of the methods results in a significant improvement in accuracy, with an 8 plane diffusion step resulting in an almost ideal response.
Comparison of classification methods of Barret’s and dysplasia in the esophagus from in vivo optical coherence tomography images (2020)

Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography (EOCT) systems can perform in vivo, real-time, high-resolution imaging of the human esophagus and, thus, play an important role in the earlier diagnosis and better prognosis of esophageal diseases such as Barrett’s, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. However, the high image throughput and massive data volumes make manual evaluation of the generated information extremely difficult. Unfortunately, the algorithms, developed thus far, have not been able to provide effective computer-aided diagnosis. In this study, we compare different machine learning methods for tissue segmentation and classification of esophageal tissue in in vivo OCT images. An automated algorithm was developed, capable of discriminating normal tissue from Barrett’s Esophagus (BE) and dysplasia. The classification was based on various features of the epithelium, extracted from EOCT images, such as intensity-based statistics, the group velocity dispersion (GVD), estimated from the image speckle, and the scatterer size, calculated using the bandwidth of the correlation of the derivative (COD) method. The comparison and evaluation of various machine learning techniques has shown that a neural network based approach provided the best performance, classifying Barret’s esophagus and dysplasia, for individual A-Scans, with an accuracy of 89%.
A phase I study of mesothelin-targeted immunotoxin LMB-100 in combination with nab-paclitaxel for patients with previously treated advanced pancreatic cancer. (2019)

307 Background: LMB-100 is a Pseudomonas exotoxin A-based immunotoxin that targets mesothelin (MSLN). MSLN is expressed by &gt;75% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC). LMB-100 kills MSLN-expressing cells by irreversibly modifying elongation factor-2 to halt protein synthesis. Phase I studies of LMB-100 defined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 140 mcg/kg IV given on D1, 3 and 5 of a 21-day cycle. Development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) limited patient drug exposure beyond cycle 2. Our pre-clinical data showed that combination of LMB-100 with a taxane resulted in synergistic anti-tumor activity. Methods: We conducted a phase I single center study (standard 3+3 design) to determine the MTD of LMB-100 given with nab-paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced PDAC. LMB-100 was given on D1, 3 and 5 of a 21-day cycle, and nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m 2 ) on D1 and D8. Initial patients could receive a maximum of 4 cycles, but subsequently a 2-cycle maximum was employed. Results: Fourteen patients (median age 58) were enrolled. Two of 6 patients experienced DLTs at the 100 mcg/kg dose of LMB-100 (myalgia- 2 pts, fatigue- 1 pt, hypotension- 1 pt; all grade 3). One of 8 patients had DLT at the 65 mcg/kg dose (edema, urine output decrease- both grade 3). Other toxicities related to LMB-100 included hypoalbuminemia, edema-associated weight gain, hyponatremia, fatigue, drug fever, infusion-related reaction, hypophosphatemia, nausea and anorexia. One patient died on treatment from complications of bowel perforation attributed to cancer. All patients achieved detectable serum levels of LMB-100 during the first cycle, even those with pre-existing ADAs, and 5 of 8 did so during cycle 2. One patient receiving the 65 mcg/kg dose had a confirmed partial response, and CA 19-9 dropped by &gt; 50% in 5 of 8 evaluable patients. Conclusions: MTD of LMB-100 is 65 mcg/kg given with nab-paclitaxel on this schedule. Anti-tumor activity was observed. A phase II cohort is currently being accrued. Clinical trial information: NCT02810418.
Pre-specified subgroup analyses of pooled data from the INPULSIS™ trials of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2015)

Background: The two replicate randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week Phase III INPULSIS™ trials assessed the efficacy and safety of nintedanib 150 mg twice daily in patients with IPF. Nintedanib significantly reduced the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in mL/year, the primary endpoint, in both trials (p < 0.001 for both), consistent with slowing disease progression. Statistically significant differences in favour of nintedanib on the key secondary endpoints (time to first acute exacerbation and change from baseline in St George's Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ] total score over 52 weeks) were observed in INPULSIS™-2, but not in INPULSIS™-1.
Trends of mobile technology-enhanced medical education: a review of journal publications from 1998 to 2016 (2018)

The present study systematically reviewed the publications in journals from 1998 to 2016, examining the application domains, subjects, adopted learning strategies, research issues and the findings of mobile technology-assisted medical education. The results indicated that the applications of mobile technology in medical education and training have not yet gained popularity. Although there were increasing number of mobile learning studies in medical education and the recent research outcomes have become more diverse, mobile learning is mainly applied to medical education for improving learners' knowledge comprehension and skills rather than facilitating their higher order thinking (e.g. problem solving or critical thinking). On the other hand, it is found that the number of studies using an experimental design increased greatly in recent years. Most studies adopted questionnaire surveys to examine learners' cognitive performance and concepts, while learning behaviours were seldom analysed. Accordingly, several research issues of mobile medical education are proposed.
Stereochemical Control of the Passerini Reaction. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hierarchical Organization of Flow Network in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs: Identification and Characterization of Key Parameters (2002)

Abstract From field data, outcrop observations, and ground-water flow studies, this paper illustrates that if the assessment of the fracture network organization is effectively an important stage of the reservoir characterization, it cannot be dissociated from the evaluation of the scale relationships, the relation with stratigraphy, and the distribution of fracture hydraulic properties. In Lacq Field, a giant gas field in a fractured carbonate reservoir, the flow network is assessed through the use of dynamic data. Vertical distribution of producing zones shows a very clear control of effective open fractures by stratigraphy, and therefore carbonate lithology. In the same time, producing zones are not located in the areas in which fracture density is the highest. Same results are obtained from the observations of in-situ fracture networks and water incomes in a tunnel and a subsurface quarry. It clearly demonstrates that fracture density is the not the driving parameter for flows, and could be anti-correlated with fracture effective aperture. The computation of equivalent permeability on fracture models shows that fracture aperture distribution (and therefore hydraulic properties distribution) is a more prevalent parameter for uncertainty assessment than fracture distribution. Lastly, the spacing between open producing fractures along vertical or horizontal profiles show either exponential or power-law experimental distributions, regarding the spatial correlation between geological features. This proves the hierarchical organization of the flows, together with the needs for an evolution of the simplistic representation of a constant matrix block size within each cell of the dual porosity reservoir model. These studies enable to up-date the typology of fractured reservoirs we previously published
Rapid and structure-specific cellular uptake of selected steroids (2019)

Steroid hormones and their respective nuclear receptors are essential mediators in numerous physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, ranging from regulation of metabolism, immune function, and reproductive processes to the development of hormone-dependent cancers such as those of the breast and prostate. Because steroids must enter cells before activating nuclear receptors, understanding the mechanisms by which cellular uptake occurs is critical, yet a clear understanding of these mechanisms has been elusive. It is generally assumed that diffusion-driven uptake is similar across various steroids whereas an elevated cellular concentration is thought to reflect active uptake, but these assumptions have not been directly tested. Here we show that intact cells rapidly accumulate free steroids to markedly elevated concentrations. This effect varies widely depending on steroid structure; more lipophilic steroids reach more elevated concentrations. Strong preferences exist for 3β-OH, Δ5-steroids vs. 3-keto, Δ4-structural features and for progestogens vs. androgens. Surprisingly, steroid-structure-specific preferences do not require cell viability, implying a passive mechanism, and occur across cells derived from multiple tissue types. Physiologic relevance is suggested by structure-specific preferences in human prostate tissue compared with serum. On the other hand, the presence of serum proteins in vitro blocks much, but not all, of the passive accumulation, while still permitting a substantial amount of active accumulation for certain steroids. Our findings suggest that both passive and active uptake mechanisms make important contributions to the cellular steroid uptake process. The role of passive, lipophilicity-driven accumulation has previously been largely unappreciated, and its existence provides important context to studies on steroid transport and action both in vitro and in vivo.
Efficient, controlled femtosecond XUV continuum generation (2003)

Summary form only given. Mixing the output of a Ti:sapphire amplifier with its second harmonic allows control of the high-harmonic spectrum: tuning of the harmonic peaks, the generation of an XUV continuum, or suppression of the harmonic signal. We demonstrate the generation of a true, coherent continuum (25-38 nm) by combining the fundamental and its second harmonic in a gas-filled capillary. Pressure tuning allows control over the spectral characteristics of the harmonic light, from discrete peaks, to continuum, to near-elimination of the harmonic light.
Blockade of CD40–CD40 Ligand Interactions Protects against Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis (1998)

This study investigated whether CD40-CD40 ligand (L) interactions are important in mediating ionizing radiation-induced lung toxicity. Radiotherapy is a key component in the management of malignant diseases and is a conditioning regimen for bone marrow transplantation. Unfortunately, radiation therapy is particularly toxic to the lung, potentially inducing a fatal pneumonitis and fibrosis, thus limiting its effectiveness. There are no therapies that protect against the development of radiation-induced lung toxicity. Using a mouse model of radiation-induced lung toxicity, a monoclonal anti-CD40L antibody (MR1) that disrupts CD40-CD40L interactions was tested for the ability to reduce lung injury. C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with either nothing, MR1, or hamster IgG 24 h prior to a single dose of 15 Gray ionizing radiation to the thorax. During the following 26 weeks, mice continued to receive MR1 or hamster IgG twice per week. MR1 protected against death from radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis and dramatically reduced lung pathology as evidenced by a limited influx of inflammatory cells, minimal collagen deposition, and septal thickening. MR1 also prevented radiation-induced pulmonary mastocytosis and blunted expression of cyclooxygenase-2, a proinflammatory enzyme responsible for prostaglandin synthesis. Disruption of CD40-CD40L interactions may offer a new mode of intervention to protect against radiation-induced pulmonary toxicity.
Regulation of components of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa phosphate‐starvation‐inducible regulon in Escherichia coli (1988)

Plasmids pPBP and pRS-XP containing the cloned genes for the Pseudomonas aeruginosa phosphate-starvation-inducible periplasmic phosphate-binding protein and outer membrane porin P (oprP), respectively, were introduced into various Escherichia coli Pho-regulon regulatory mutants. Using Western immunoblots and specific antisera, the production of both gene products was observed to be under the control of regulatory elements of the E. coli Pho regulon. Sequencing of the region upstream of the translational start site of the oprP gene revealed a 'Pho box' with strong homology to the E. coli consensus 'Pho box', the putative binding site of the PhoB activator. Since P. aeruginosa and E. coli belong to different families and have quite different GC contents, these data suggest strong evolutionary conservation of regulatory elements of the Pho regulon.
Adjuvant oncolytic virotherapy for personalized anti-cancer vaccination (2021)

By conferring systemic protection and durable benefits, cancer immunotherapies are emerging as long-term solutions for cancer treatment. One such approach that is currently undergoing clinical testing is a therapeutic anti-cancer vaccine that uses two different viruses expressing the same tumor antigen to prime and boost anti-tumor immunity. By providing the additional advantage of directly killing cancer cells, oncolytic viruses (OVs) constitute ideal platforms for such treatment strategy. However, given that the targeted tumor antigen is encoded into the viral genomes, its production requires robust infection and therefore, the vaccination efficiency partially depends on the unpredictable and highly variable intrinsic sensitivity of each tumor to OV infection. In this study, we demonstrate that anti-cancer vaccination using OVs (Adenovirus (Ad), Maraba virus (MRB), Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Vaccinia virus (VV)) co-administered with antigenic peptides is as efficient as antigen-engineered OVs and does not depend on viral replication. Our strategy is particularly attractive for personalized anti-cancer vaccines targeting patient-specific mutations. We suggest that the use of OVs as adjuvant platforms for therapeutic anti-cancer vaccination warrants testing for cancer treatment.
Specific Regulation of Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase in Mouse Heart by Estrogen Receptor β (2003)

Estrogens have important physiological roles in the cardiovascular system. We use DNA microarray technology to study the molecular mechanism of estrogen action in the heart and to identify novel estrogen-regulated genes. In this investigation we identify genes that are regulated by chronic estrogen treatment of mouse heart. We present our detailed characterization of one of these genes, lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS). Northern and Western blot analysis revealed that L-PGDS was induced both by acute and chronic estrogen treatment. Northern blot analysis, using estrogen receptor (ER)-disrupted mice, suggests that L-PGDS is specifically induced by ERbeta in vivo. In further support of ERbeta-selective regulation, we identify a functional estrogen-responsive element in the L-PGDS promoter, the activity of which is up-regulated by ERbeta, but not by ERalpha. We demonstrate that a one-nucleotide change (A to C) in the L-PGDS estrogen-responsive element affects receptor selectivity.
Modification of effector and substrate specificities of regulators and enzymes of aromatic-degrading pseudomonas and possible containment by insertion suicide genes (1990)

Resumen de la comunicación presentada en Konference: Genteknologi - et middel til forureningsbekæmpelse, March 1990.
Opportunistic Cognitive Radio Broadcast Channel (2010)

We consider a cognitive channel where one sec- ondary transmitter opportunistically broadcasts to n secondary nodes subject to peak interference power constraints on the primary receivers. We find asymptotic bounds for the sec- ondary throughput, which imply that the throughput scales as Θ(log log n) for any finite interference constraint, no matter how small. Furthermore, a fundamental tradeoff between the secondary throughput and the interference on the primary is obtained, showing that the interference on the primary can be forced asymptotically to zero while maintaining a nontrivial secondary throughput. Specifically, for an arbitrary exponent 0 0. I. INTRODUCTION In cognitive radio (CR), the efficiency of spectrum utiliza- tion is improved by allowing cognitive (secondary) users to access the spectrum if they cause little or no interference to the licensed (primary) users. In general, there are three approaches for secondary users to access the spectrum (1): Overlay, interweave and underlay. In the underlay technique (2), (3), the secondary is allowed to operate as long as the resulting interference on the primary is less than a certain threshold. This paper focuses on the underlay technique. We are interested in the average throughput of the secondary, sub- ject to a set of interference power constraints imposed by the primary. We find the lower and upper bounds for the asymptotic secondary throughput. The throughput grows as Θ(log log n) as long as the primary allows any finite value of interference, no matter how small. Furthermore, we show that the interference on the primary can be asymptotically forced to zero, while the secondary throughput still scales as Θ(log log n). Finally, when the number of primary receivers increases as Θ(n β ), the secondary only attains a constant throughput asymptotically, for any β> 0. Some of the related past work is as follows. Maximizing the secondary throughput subject to interference constraints on the primary is formulated as optimization problems (4), (5), but the close-form solution is unavailable in general. The relationship between the secondary throughput and the interference on the primary is also investigated in (6). Despite of some apparent similarities, our work is distinct from (6). First, we consider an oblivious primary system, while in (6) some cooperation from primary users is allowed. Second, one
A 66-400 MHz, adaptive-lock-mode DLL circuit with duty-cycle error correction [for SDRAMs] (2002)

A DLL circuit featuring variable "lock mode" and correction of duty-cycle error is described. The DLL circuit has a wide locking range from under 66 MHz to 400 MHz. The chip area and power consumption at 400 MHz are 0.33 mm/sup 2/ and 24 mW, respectively.
Experimental and Clinical Approaches to Treatment of Hypertension by Dopamine Receptor Agonists (1987)

The action of several dopamine agonists on blood pressure was investigated. In dogs, apomorphine induced a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. These effects were suppressed by intravenous haloperidol or phentolamine. Intravenous but not intracisternal domperidone suppressed the hypotensive responses elicited by intravenous or intracisternal apomorphine. Furthermore, the hypotensive effect of bromocriptine or apomorphine was abolished in adrenal demedullated dogs. Apomorphine and bromocriptine decreased adrenal catecholamine levels. In men, the acute hypotensive property of apomorphine (but not the long term effect of bromocriptine) was suppressed by pretreatment with domperidone. In hypertensive Parkinsonians, bromocriptine reduced blood pressure, induced an increase in inulin clearance, a decrease in plasma creatinine concentration and in renal vascular resistances. These results suggest that dopamine agonists (like apomorphine or bromocriptine) reduce blood pressure through both a decrease in sympathetic tone and an improvement in renal function. However, the mechanism of the acute and long term hypotensive effects could be different only involving peripheral mechanisms after acute administration and both peripheral and central structure under chronic treatment. In addition, preliminary results suggesting the potential interest of dopamine antagonists in the management of orthostatic hypotension are discussed.