gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-scale Transactive Control In Interconnected Bulk Power Systems Under High Renewable Energy Supply and High Demand Response Scenarios (2017)

This thesis presents the design, analysis, and validation of a hierarchical transactive control system that engages demand response resources to enhance the integration of renewable electricity generation resources. This control system joins energy, capacity and regulation markets together in a unified homeostatic and economically efficient electricity operation that increases total surplus while improving reliability and decreasing carbon emissions from fossil-based generation resources. The work encompasses: (1) the derivation of a short-term demand response model suitable for transactive control systems and its validation with field demonstration data; (2) an aggregate load model that enables effective control of large populations of thermal loads using a new type of thermostat (discrete time with zero deadband); (3) a methodology for optimally controlling response to frequency deviations while tracking schedule area exports in areas that have high penetration of both intermittent renewable resources and fast-acting demand response; and (4) the development of a system-wide (continental interconnection) scale strategy for optimal power trajectory and resource dispatch based on a shift from primarily energy cost-based approach to a primarily ramping cost-based one. The results show that multi-layer transactive control systems can be constructed, will enhance renewable resource utilization, and will operate in a coordinated manner with bulk power systems that include both regions with and without organized power markets. Estimates of Western Electric Coordionating Council (WECC) system cost savings under target renewable energy generation levels resulting from the proposed system exceed US$150B annually by the year 2024, when compared to the existing control system.
O‐Directed Free‐Radical Hydrostannations of Propargyl Ethers, Acetals, and Alcohols with Ph3SnH and Et3B. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effect of HNO3 and HCl on D2O Desorption Kinetics from Crystalline D2O Ice (1998)

The presence of trace species may perturb H2O desorption kinetics from ice surfaces and alter the stability of atmospheric ice particles. To investigate the effects of atmospheric species on H2O desorption kinetics from crystalline ice, the D2O desorption kinetics from pure and HNO3- and HCl-dosed crystalline D2O ice multilayers on Ru(001) were investigated using isothermal laser-induced thermal desorption (LITD) measurements. The D2O desorption kinetics were studied for D2O ice film thicknesses of 25−200 BL (90−730 Å) and initial acid coverages of 0.5−3.0 BL for HNO3 and 0.3−5.0 BL for HCl. Arrhenius analysis of the D2O desorption rates from pure D2O crystalline ice at T = 150−171 K yielded a desorption activation energy of Ed = 13.7 ± 0.5 kcal/mol and a zero-order desorption preexponential of νo = (3.3 ± 0.7) × 1032 molecules/(cm2 s). The absolute D2O desorption rates were ∼3−5 times smaller for D2O ice films exposed to HNO3. The D2O desorption kinetics from HNO3-dosed ice were Ed = 11.3 ± 0.4 kcal/mol and νo = (5.0 ± 0.9) × 1028 molecules/(cm2 s). In contrast, the absolute D2O desorption rates were ∼2 times larger for D2O ice films exposed to HCl. The D2O desorption kinetics from HCl-dosed ice were Ed = 14.2 ± 0.6 kcal/mol and νo = (3.7 ± 0.8) × 1033 molecules/(cm2 s). The changes in the D2O isothermal desorption kinetics were independent of DNO3 and DCl coverages. The adsorbate-induced perturbations are believed to be associated with the formation of stable hydrate cages and reduced D2O mobility in HNO3-dosed ice and the creation of defects and enhanced D2O mobility in HCl-dosed ice. The effects of HNO3 and HCl on the D2O desorption kinetics indicate that the growth, stability, and lifetimes of atmospheric ice particles should be altered by the presence of adsorbates on the ice surface.
Simultaneously Transmitter Chirp and Chromatic Dispersion Monitoring of OOK Data Using First and Second Optical Harmonics of the Data Clock Tones (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate a technique to simultaneously monitor transmitter chirp and chromatic dispersion utilizing the first and second optical harmonics of a RZ-OOK data. Monitored results of modulator typical chirp and dispersion of 0~400-ps/nm are obtained.
A simulator for studying automated block trading on a coupled dark/lit financial exchange with reputation tracking (2019)

We describe a novel simulation of a contemporary realworld financial exchange: London Stock Exchange (LSE) Turquoise, and we also introduce a newly-created adaptive automated trading strategy called ISHV, which exhibits realistic behavior in situations where large orders can radically shift prices before transactions occur. LSE Turquoise is a recently-introduced platform where buying and selling takes place on a pair of coupled trading pools: a lit pool that is visible to all traders; and a dark pool where large "block" orders are hidden from sight until they are automatically matched with a counterparty, after which the transaction is then revealed. Orders from traders are routed to the lit or dark pool depending on their size, and on the reputation of the trader issuing the order. Unlike all other public-domain adaptive trading strategies, ISHV can alter the prices it quotes in anticipation of adverse price changes that are likely to occur when orders for block-trades are publicly visible: so-called market impact. LSE Turquoise is intended to reduce the negative effects of market impact; something that we test with our simulator. We extend the existing BSE open-source exchange simulator to incorporate coupled lit and dark pools, naming the new system BSELD. We show ISHV exhibiting market impact in a lit-only pool, and discuss how a Turquoisestyle coupled dark pool reduces or eliminates that impact. We also show results from a Turquoise-style reputationtracking mechanism, which can be used for modulating trader access control to the dark pool.
Effect of intravenous TRO40303 as an adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: MITOCARE study results (2014)

This study in STEMI patients treated with contemporary mechanical revascularization principles did not show any effect of TRO40303 in limiting reperfusion injury of the ischaemic myocardium.
Photonic crystal nanobeam lasers (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Zhang, M. Khan, Y. Huang, J. Ryou, P. Deotare, R. Dupuis, and M. Lončar, "Photonic crystal nanobeam lasers," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper CWK4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Freight Car Electrically Driven Set and Release Hand Brake (EDHB) (2011)

For years, American freight railroads have attempted to eliminate freight train crew injuries when applying and releasing freight car hand brakes. Currently, a person has to crank a handle or turn a wheel while in ergonomically awkward positions to apply a hand brake. If the operator slips or the brake’s mechanisms slip, injuries occur. Also, there are inherent safety issues with the climbing of ladders or steps to operate the brake and the need for going in-between cars to access the brakes. Additionally, today’s hand brakes are applied manually to varying degrees because there is no indicator to tell the crew that the hand brake is fully applied. Many times the hand brake is over applied and becomes damaged. Moreover, a hand brake that is not released upon train movement leads to wheel flats that damage the car, lading, and the track. Wheel set replacement is one of the most costly remediation activities on the railroad and damaged track adversely affects equipment and operations. With the objective of reducing or completely eliminating the issues mentioned above, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) has sponsored the development of an ‘Electrically Driven Set &amp; Release Hand Brake’ (EDHB). Under this effort, Sharma &amp; Associates, Inc. (SA) has conducted research into related concepts/products conceptualized and evaluated different arrangements selected a promising concept and developed a prototype. Functional laboratory demonstration tests have been conducted on the prototype. Future plans include working with the industry in developing and implementing performance and testing specifications for the EDHB, and validating the design through lab and field-testing.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Sedimented Solutes (2013)

Using the 480 kDa iron-storage protein complex, apoferritin (ApoF), as an example, we demonstrate that sizable dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhancements can be obtained on sedimented protein samples. In sedimented solute DNP (SedDNP), the biradical polarizing agent is co-sedimented with the protein, but in the absence of a glass-forming agent. We observe DNP enhancement factors ε > 40 at a magnetic field of 5 T and temperatures below 90 K, indicating that the protein sediment state is "glassy" and suitable to disperse the biradical polarizing agent upon freezing. In contrast, frozen aqueous solutions of ApoF yield ε ≈ 2. Results of SedDNP are compared to those obtained from samples prepared using the traditional glass-forming agent glycerol. Collectively, these and results from previous investigations suggest that the sedimented state can be functionally described as a "microcrystalline glass" and in addition provide a new approach for preparation of samples for DNP experiments.
Molecular glass resists for next-generation lithography (2009)

The semiconductor industry is pushing the limits of resolution to sub-30nm through the extension of 193nm lithography as well as next generation techniques such as EUV lithography. Molecular glass photoresists may provide enhanced resolution and performance advantages compared to traditional polymeric resists. These organic compounds have a low molecular weight but still display high glass transition temperatures (Tgs). Enhanced design aspects are employed to give beneficial resist properties such as transparency, high Tg and etch resistance. Asymmetrical, rigid structures are used to create amorphous structures with high Tg molecular glasses, such as branched structures and carborane inclusion complexes. Alicyclic cyclodextrin ring compounds have also been employed for 193nm lithography. Unconventional atoms such as boron have been incorporated to increase etch resistance while supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> was employed as an environmentally friendly solvent free developer. Exploring structural aspects and their effect on resist performance is important in the design of new molecules for next generation lithography and will be discussed.
Cogan-Syndrom bei Angiitis von Hirnnerven, Aortitis, Endokarditis und Glomerulonephritis (1976)

A 34-year-old woman died of left-heart failure due to combinated aortic-valve disease three years after manifestation of Cogan's syndrome characterized by sudden inner-ear deafness, loss of equilibrium, interstitial keratitis, and progressive loss of vision during pregnancy. At necropsy there was evidence of recurrent endocarditis of the aortic valves with stenosis and regurgitation, severe angitis of the thoracic aorta with marked secondary sclerosing changes as the cause of the heart failure. Angitis within the optical fasciculus and stato-acoustic nerve was the cause of the vestibular and optical defects. Primary changes in the visual and auditory cortices, the retina and inner ear were excluded as causes. There was also acute membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis, which may have been coincidental.
Large‐Area Uniform 1‐nm‐Level Amorphous Carbon Layers from 3D Conformal Polymer Brushes. A “Next‐Generation” Cu Diffusion Barrier? (Adv. Mater. 15/2022) (2022)

Conformal Amorphous Carbon Ultrathin Cu diffusion barriers with high conformality have gained great attention for next-generation ultrahigh-density semiconductor device miniaturization. In article number 2110454, Sun Hwa Lee, Rodney S. Ruoff, Ki-Bum Kim, Sang Ouk Kim, and co-workers introduce a handy and reliable method for the preparation of conformal amorphous carbon (a-C) barrier layers with nanometer-level thickness. A polystyrene brush layer is grafted onto a 3D copper structure with self-limiting chemistry, and subsequent carbonization yields large-area uniform 1 nm-level a-C layers with excellent Cu blocking performance.
A CpG-loaded tumor cell vaccine induces antitumor CD4+ T cells that are effective in adoptive therapy for large and established tumors (2010)

We designed a whole tumor cell vaccine by "loading" lymphoma tumor cells with CG-enriched oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG), a ligand for the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). CpG-loaded tumor cells were phagocytosed, delivering both tumor antigen(s) and the immunostimulatory CpG molecule to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). These APCs then expressed increased levels of costimulatory molecules and induced T-cell immunity. TLR9 was required in the APCs but not in the CpG-loaded tumor cell. We demonstrate that T cells induced by this vaccine are effective in adoptive cellular therapy for lymphoma. T cells from vaccinated mice transferred into irradiated, syngeneic recipients protected against subsequent lymphoma challenge and, remarkably, led to regression of large and established tumors. This therapeutic effect could be transferred by CD4(+) but not by CD8(+) T cells. A CpG-loaded whole-cell vaccination is practical and has strong potential for translation to the clinical setting. It is currently being tested in a clinical trial of adoptive immunotherapy for mantle-cell lymphoma.
Theory and experiments for surface-wave focused acoustic arrivals: A deterministic view (2005)

Statistical descriptions of surface wave scattering are now highly developed, and have proven very effective in relating the first and second order statistics of surface-reflected acoustic arrivals to surface conditions. Notwithstanding this success, the deterministic features of surface-scattered arrivals are of considerable importance. The limits of performance of underwater communications systems in very shallow water, for example, are determined by the frequency and properties of extreme surface focusing events. The analysis of data from the Wavefronts I, II, and V series of experiments has led to an understanding of the wave properties controlling the focusing events, as well as their impact on acoustic channel estimators. Data from the wavefronts experiments (SIO pier, 7 m deep, 40 m range) and the SPACE02 experiment (Martha’s Vineyard, 15 m depth, 250–1000 m range) will be presented and discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]
Blind MIMO Equalization in the Frequency Domain (2006)

Broadband wireless systems require low complexity equalizers which can cope with long channel impulse responses and severe intersymbol interference (ISI). In this paper, a frequency domain (FD) approach for adaptive blind equalization for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems is proposed. As an initial step, a time domain (TD) block based up dated adaptation is first developed which updates the equalizer coefficients once per each block of data symbols. As such, this algorithm can be equivalently implemented in the FD to reduce computational complexity associated with the symbol by symbol TD update. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can successfully separate and equalize the received signals with a significantly lower computational complexity than a corresponding TD approach.
Zinc-Dependent Structural Stability of Human Sonic Hedgehog (1999)

The role of the zinc site in the N-terminal fragment of human Sonic hedgehog (ShhN) was explored by comparing the biophysical and functional properties of wild-type ShhN with those of mutants in which the zinc-coordinating residues H140, D147, and H182, or E176 which interacts with the metal ion via a bridging water molecule, were mutated to alanine. The wild-type and E176A mutant proteins retained 1 mol of zinc/mol of protein after extensive dialysis, whereas the H140A and D147A mutants retained only 0.03 and 0.05 mol of zinc/mol of protein, respectively. Assay of the wild-type and mutant proteins in two activity assays indicated that the wild-type and E176A mutant proteins had similar activity, whereas the H140A and D147A mutants were significantly less active. These assays also indicated that the H140A and D147A mutants were susceptible to proteolysis. CD, fluorescence, and (1)H NMR spectra of the H140A, D147A, and E176A mutants measured at 20 or 25 degrees C were very similar to those observed for wild-type ShhN. However, CD measurements at 37 degrees C showed evidence of some structural differences in the H140A and D147A mutants. Guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) denaturation studies revealed that the loss of zinc from the H140A and D147A mutants destabilized the folded proteins by approximately 3.5 kcal/mol, comparable to the effect of removing zinc from wild-type ShhN by treatment with EDTA. Thermal melting curves of wild-type ShhN gave a single unfolding transition with a midpoint T(m) of approximately 59 degrees C, whereas both the H140A and D147A mutants displayed two distinct transitions with T(m) values of 37-38 and 52-54 degrees C, similar to that observed for EDTA-treated wild-type ShhN. Addition of zinc to the H140A and D147A mutants resulted in a partial restoration of stability against thermal and GuHCl denaturation. The ability of these mutants to bind zinc was confirmed using a fluorescence-based binding assay that indicated that they bound zinc with K(d) values of approximately 1.6 and approximately 15 nM, respectively, as compared to a value of </=100 pM for wild-type ShhN. The properties of the E176A mutant were indistinguishable from those of wild-type ShhN in all biophysical and functional assays, indicating that this residue does not contribute significantly to stabilization of the zinc-binding site and that ShhN does not require hydrolase activity for in vitro biological function.
CAD Method for Industrial Assembly: Concurrent Design of Products, Equipments, and Control Systems (1996)

From the Publisher:
This book delivers specifications and underlying concepts for future computer-aided tools for the design and the control of flexible manufacturing systems for mechanical and electro-mechanical assemblies. It presents an integrated computer-aided method which supports a concurrent engineering approach for assembled products. This method is divided in several modules which analyse the ease of assembly of a design, the assembly order, the design of an assembly workshop, and the simulation of the workshop taking into account scheduling and flow control. Automatic, semi-automatic and manual utilisations are presented for each module. Communication between design and manufacturing has been emphasised.
A test for antioxidant activity in cosmetic formulations. (2002)

The aim of this study was to develop a technique to assay for the activity of antioxidants in a finished cosmetic product. This was accomplished by adapting the Randox Assay for Total Antioxidant Status kit so that diluted samples could be evaluated by kinetic as well as end-point determinations. Using this technique, we found that a finished product had an IC(50) of 0.07 gm of product and a relative antioxidant activity concentration of 52.7 nmoles/mg.
Further errors in polymorph identification: furosemide and finasteride (2006)

Reassessment of the reported single-crystal X-ray diffraction characterization of polymorphs of furosemide and finasteride shows that, in each case, incomplete data collections have resulted in the mistaken identification of two forms that are, in fact, identical.
Assessment of development and relaxation of orientation in a sheared thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester (1998)

Abstract Shear‐induced chain orientation and relaxation of chain orientation in a thermotropic liquid‐crystalline poly(4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (73mol%)‐co‐2‐hydroxy‐6‐naphthoic acid (27 mol%)) (Vectra A950) were studied by means of transmitted light intensity through crossed polarizers in a shear cell. Shear rates ranged between 4 and 1000 s −1 and the level of chain orientation increased with increasing shear rate and increasing temperature. Overall, the times for relaxation were very short. The longest relaxation times (˜21s) were obtained at the lowest shear temperatures and at intermediate shear rates. At high shear rates, the relaxation times were generally short (˜2s) and independent of temperature. The rapid relaxation of orientation after high rate shearing (100–1000 s −1 ) indicates that shear‐induced crystallization is inhibited under these conditions. A certain degree of chain orientation was still present although the relaxation as judged by the transmitted light intensity was complete. Signs of recrystallization were observed if the samples were not preheated to 320°C prior to shearing. By simultanecous shearing and cooling, high degrees of orientation were achieved ( f ˜ 0.7) as revealed by X‐ray diffraction and infrared dichroism. Infrared spectroscopy showed that annealing of oriented samples at 250°C led to an increase in thermal stability of the orientation with annealing time.
Singapore-U.S. Tactical All-Inclusive Navigation (SUSTAIN) collaborative innovation (2024)

Abstract The Singapore-U.S. Tactical All-Inclusive Navigation (SUSTAIN) initiative is an international research and development collaboration between military and academic scientists from both Singapore and the United States. SUSTAIN's goal is to bring to bear the strengths of both nations to solve navigation problems faced in degraded or denied Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) environments by dismounted warfighters. The SUSTAIN team is composed of 9 members and several subject matter experts and mentors with diverse technical backgrounds working as a single team rather than a group of distributed teams. The team members work in both the U.S. and Singapore, and are separated by over 15000 kilometers and a 13-hour time difference. The team faces cultural and political differences, and collaboration and communication are key challenges impacting the innovation process. Specific collaboration challenges are discussed including interpersonal relationships between team members, particularly communication and trust; sharing data, documents, and knowledge effectively without being co-located; and how to effectively identify problems of mutual interest, understand ideas conceived internationally, and solve relevant problems. Methods and tools being utilized to facilitate the collaborative process are described and discussed, in terms of needs and their perceived efficacy. Guidance, suggestions, and possible ideas for future international collaborative R&D teams of a similar nature are provided.
A low cost soft mapper for turbo equalization with high order modulation (2012)

In an MMSE based turbo equalization system, a soft mapper calculates the symbol mean and variance based on extrinsic Log-Likelihood-Ratios (LLRs) information coming from a Soft-Input Soft-Output (SISO) decoder. In this paper, we investigate the complexity of this module, and in particular, we employ a 3-segment linear approximation approach to calculate the mean and variance of data symbols from LLRs. For FPGA and VLSI implementation, we propose novel piecewise linear functions which map LLR to the mean and variance directly without the use of any two-variable-input multipliers. Simulation results for 16-QAM and 64-QAM show that the no multiplier approach has close BER performance to the 3-segment linear approximation approach with multipliers.