gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intermittent Speech Recovery. (2021)

A large number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices today are powered by batteries, which are often expensive to maintain and may cause serious environmental pollution. To avoid these problems, researchers have begun to consider the use of energy systems based on energy-harvesting units for such devices. However, the power harvested from an ambient source is fundamentally small and unstable, resulting in frequent power failures during the operation of IoT applications involving, for example, intermittent speech signals and the streaming of videos. This paper presents a deep-learning-based speech recovery system that reconstructs intermittent speech signals from self-powered IoT devices. Our intermittent speech recovery system (ISR) consists of three stages: interpolation, recovery, and combination. The experimental results show that our recovery system increases speech quality by up to 707.1%, while increasing speech intelligibility by up to 92.1%. Most importantly, our ISR system also enhances the WER scores by up to 65.6%. To the best of our knowledge, this study is one of the first to reconstruct intermittent speech signals from self-powered-sensing IoT devices. These promising results suggest that even though self powered microphone devices function with weak energy sources, our ISR system can still maintain the performance of most speech-signal-based applications.
Functionalized DNA-spider silk nanohydrogels for controlled protein binding and release (2020)

Hydrogels are excellent scaffolds to accommodate sensitive enzymes in a protective environment. However, the lack of suitable immobilization techniques on substrates and the lack of selectivity to anchor a biocatalyst are major drawbacks preventing the use of hydrogels in bioanalytical devices. Here, nanofilm coatings on surfaces were made of a recombinant spider silk protein (rssp) to induce rssp self-assembly and thus the formation of fibril-based nanohydrogels. To functionalize spider silk nanohydrogels for bioselective binding of proteins, two different antithrombin aptamers were chemically conjugated with the rssp, thereby integrating the target-binding function into the nanohydrogel network. Human thrombin was selected as a sensitive model target, in which the structural integrity determines its activity. The chosen aptamers, which bind various exosites of thrombin, enabled selective and cooperative embedding of the protein into the nanohydrogels. The change of the aptamer secondary structure using complementary DNA sequences led to the release of active thrombin and confirmed the addressable functionalization of spider silk nanohydrogels.
MDA5 Governs the Innate Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Lung Epithelial Cells (2021)

Recent studies have profiled the innate immune signatures in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and suggest that cellular responses to viral challenge may affect disease severity. Yet the molecular events that underlie cellular recognition and response to SARS-CoV-2 infection remain to be elucidated. Here, we find that SARS-CoV-2 replication induces a delayed interferon (IFN) response in lung epithelial cells. By screening 16 putative sensors involved in sensing of RNA virus infection, we found that MDA5 and LGP2 primarily regulate IFN induction in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further analyses revealed that viral intermediates specifically activate the IFN response through MDA5-mediated sensing. Additionally, we find that IRF3, IRF5, and NF-κB/p65 are the key transcription factors regulating the IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In summary, these findings provide critical insights into the molecular basis of the innate immune recognition and signaling response to SARS-CoV-2.
Torque ripple modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (2010)

Permanent magnet synchronous motors feature high power density, high torque to inertia ratio and high conversion efficiency. These characteristics made them advantageous to use in specific applications such as robotics and traction. However, one of the major drawbacks of these motors is the torque ripple, being especially harmful when a high performance position and speed control is required. Usually, this effect can be reduced in the design stage, although several approaches to online reduction have been proposed. In this paper a mathematical model is proposed which calculates the torque based on an energy approach, allowing to incorporate the harmonic components of the torque. Simulation results show the performance of the proposed approach.
On the spontaneous growth of soft metallic whiskers (2005)

The room temperature spontaneous growth of low melting point metal whiskers, such as Sn, poses a serious reliability problem in the semiconducting industry; a problem that has become acute with the introduction of Pb-free solder technology. Recently it was shown that the driving force is most probably a reaction between oxygen and the sprouting metal (Barsoum, 2004). The resulting volume expansion creates a compressive stress that pushes the whiskers up. The model proposed explains observations on In and Sn whiskers as well as many past observations. Herein further evidence is presented for, and discussion of, the proposed model. Stresses, calculated using finite element modeling, are reasonable and in line with measured values. Based on this work, a potential solution to the whisker problem is in principle simple: either slow or prevent the diffusion of oxygen into the soft metal or, more practically and effectively, work with larger grained solder, which should reduce the magnitude of the compressive stresses.
Optimal Dissociation Methods Differ for N- and O-glycopeptides (2020)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a&gt;Site-specific characterization of glycosylation requires intact glycopeptide analysis, and recent efforts have focused on how to best interrogate glycopeptides using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Beam-type collisional activation, i.e., higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), has been a valuable approach, but stepped collision energy HCD (sceHCD) and electron transfer dissociation with HCD supplemental activation (EThcD) have emerged as potentially more suitable alternatives. Both sceHCD and EThcD have been used with success in large-scale glycoproteomic experiments, but they each incur some degree of compromise. Most progress has occurred in the area N-glycoproteomics. There is growing interest in extending this progress to O-glycoproteomics, which necessitates comparisons of method performance for the two classes of glycopeptides. Here, we systematically explore the advantages and disadvantages of conventional HCD, sceHCD, ETD, and EThcD for intact glycopeptide analysis and determine their suitability for both N- and O-glycoproteomic applications. For N-glycopeptides, HCD and sceHCD generate similar numbers of identifications, although sceHCD generally provides higher quality spectra. Both significantly outperform EThcD methods, indicating that ETD-based methods are not required for routine N-glycoproteomics. Conversely, ETD-based methods, especially EThcD, are indispensable for site-specific analyses of O-glycopeptides. Our data show that O-glycopeptides cannot be robustly characterized with HCD-centric methods that are sufficient for N-glycopeptides, and glycoproteomic methods aiming to characterize O-glycopeptides must be constructed accordingly.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Interface Properties of the Two Step Oxide Layers by UV Light Excited Ozone Silicon Oxidation and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)-SiO2 Film (2010)

SiO2 film was made on Si(100) by two-step film growth process at 100°C to improve the interface properties. The first part of the process is the direct Si oxidation using UV-excited ozone (O(1D)), which is generated by the UV irradiation to high concentrated (>90%) ozone gas. In the second part, O(1D) and Hexamethyldisilazane chemical vopor deposition (CVD)(O(1D)-CVD) process is used. The SiO2 film thickness of the direct Si oxidation for 10 min. in the two-step SiO2 film was estimated to be about 3.2 nm from the etching rate in change a buffered HF solution. Interface trap density Dit of the two-step SiO2 film with direct Si oxidation of 10 min. is almost equal to that of Si direct oxidation film alone. This result indicates that two-step oxidation process can be applied for the practical fabrication.
Role of the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in virus-mediated signaling and regulation of cell growth (1998)

As a response to viral infection, cells express the early inflammatory genes that encode small proteins generally called cytokines or chemokines. These protein can activate immune responses to viral infection as well as to modulate directly the outcome of viral infection. The group of proteins with the direct antiviral effects have been called interferons. The stimulation of interferon synthesis in infected cells is regulated on a transcriptional level and two families of cellular transcriptional factors seem to play a critical role in the transcriptional activation of interferon genes. The first one are the proteins of NF-kappaB family and the second is the family of the interferon responsive factors. While both of the types of the transcriptional factors are important for the induction of interferon beta gene, the NF-kappaB factor do not seems to participate in the induction of interferon alpha genes. The present review is focused on the recently identified new members of cellular IRF family and their role in virus mediated response, responses and cell growth. In addition the HHV-8 encoded vIRFs are described.
Modeling and Design Considerations for Substrate Integrated Waveguide Circuits and Components (2007)

This paper presents an overview of the recent achievements in the held of substrate integrated waveguides (SIW) technology, with particular emphasis on the modeling strategy and design considerations of millimeter-wave integrated circuits as well as the physical interpretation of the operation principles and loss mechanisms of these structures. The most common numerical methods for modeling both SIW interconnects and circuits are presented. Some considerations and guidelines for designing SIW structures, interconnects and circuits are discussed, along with the physical interpretation of the major issues related to radiation leakage and losses. Examples of SIW circuits and components operating in the microwave and millimeter wave bands are also reported, with numerical and experimental results.
J0802-4-2 Investigation of Mechanical Properties of SOFC Electrolytes at High Temperature (2010)

Elastic modulus of typical electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells, (Gd_2O_3)_<0.05>(CeO_2)_<0.9>, (Y_20_3)_<0.08>(Zr0_2)_<0.92>, La_<0.8>Sr_<0.2>Ga_<0.8>Mg_<0.15>Co_<0.05>O_<3-δ>, were evaluated by resonance method, small punch test and 4 point bending test. The measurements were carried out from room temperature to 1273 K under p(O_2)=10^<-4> atm. Elastic modulus of (Y_20_3)_<0.08>(Zr0_2)_<0.92> and La_<0.8>Sr_<0.2>Ga_<0.8>Mg_<0.15>Cp_<0.05>O_<3-δ> drastically decreased in the temperature range between 573 K and 873 K in resonance method. Similar dependencies were seen in 4 point bending test and small punch test. It was found that that elastic modulus by dynamic (resonance method) shows similar temperature dependency as those by static (small punch and 4 point bending tests) measurement techniques, although its absolute values were slightly different. It was demonstrated that the dynamic measurement technique is very useful for evaluating mechanical properties of SOFC materials as well as static measurement techniques.
LILY Operational Semantics and Models of Linear Abadi-Plotkin Logic (2006)

This technical report includes complementary material to the article of the same name submitted for LICS. It has been assembled mostly to aid referees reading the article, and to demonstrate that all calculations have been carried out in detail.
Abstract 5775: Identification of SAR439859, an orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that has strong anti-tumor activity in wild-type and mutant ER+ breast cancer models (2018)

Abstract Nearly 70% or more of newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer (BC) are estrogen receptor positive (ER+) where endocrine therapy is a primary treatment. However, substantial evidence describes a continued role of ER signaling in tumor progression, where approximately 40% of patients on endocrine therapy develop resistance that include mutations in the ER that drive a constitutively active receptor. Fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor degrader, is effective at shutting down ER signaling. However, fulvestrant efficacy studies report insufficient blockade of ER signaling in patients that may be a consequence of poor pharmaceutical properties. Here we describe the discovery of SAR439859, a novel, orally bioavailable SERD with potent antagonist and degradative properties against ER both in vitro and in vivo. SAR439859 has robust inhibition of ER signaling activity in multiple ER+ breast cancer cell lines including tamoxifen resistant lines harboring ER mutations. Across a large panel of ER+ cells, SAR439859 demonstrated broad and superior ER degradation activity as compared to other SERDs including improved inhibition of ER signaling and inhibition of cell growth. Similarly, in vivo treatment with SAR439859 demonstrated significant tumor regression in ER+ BC models including MCF7-ESR1 mutant-Y537S model and endocrine therapy resistant patient-derived xenograft tumor transplantation. Collectively, these results showed that SAR439859 is an oral, nonsteroidal, selective estrogen receptor antagonist and degrader that could provide therapeutic benefit to ER+ breast cancer patients. SAR439859 is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial. Citation Format: Maysoun Shomali, Youssef El-Ahmad, Frank Halley, Jane Cheng, Michael Weinstein, Muchun Wang, Fangxian Sun, Natalia Malkova, Mikhail Levit, Malvika Koundinya, Zhuyan Gou, Andrew Hebert, Jessica McManus, Dietmar Hoffman, Hui Cao, Joonil Jung, Jack Pollard, Sylvie Vincent, Timothy Ackerson, Francisco Adrian, Chris Winter, Victoria Richon, Hong Chen, Karl Hsu, Joanne Lager, Albane Courjaud, Rosalia Arrebola, Laurent Besret, Pierre-Yves Abecassis, Laurent Schio, Gary McCort, Michel Tabart, Victor Certal, Fabienne Thompson, Bruno Filoche-Rommé, Laurent Debussche, Patrick Cohen, Carlos Garcia-Echeverria, Monsif Bouaboula. Identification of SAR439859, an orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that has strong anti-tumor activity in wild-type and mutant ER+ breast cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5775.
Pharmacologic profiling reveals lapatinib as a novel antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro (2020)

SUMMARY The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in a worldwide pandemic, but an effective antiviral therapy has yet to be discovered. To improve treatment options, we conducted a high-throughput drug repurposing screen to uncover compounds that block the viral activity of SARS-CoV-2. A minimally pathogenic human betacoronavirus (OC43) was used to infect physiologically-relevant human pulmonary fibroblasts (MRC5) to facilitate rapid antiviral discovery in a preclinical model. Comprehensive profiling was conducted on more than 600 compounds, with each compound arrayed at 10 dose points (ranging from 20 μM to 1 nM). Our screening revealed several FDA-approved agents that act as novel antivirals that block both OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 viral replication, including lapatinib, doramapimod, and 17-AAG. Importantly, lapatinib inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication by over 50,000-fold without any toxicity and at doses readily achievable in human tissues. Further, both lapatinib and doramapimod could be combined with remdesivir to dramatically improve antiviral activity in cells. These findings reveal novel treatment options for people infected with SARS-CoV-2 that can be readily implemented during the pandemic.
LCC's GISTexter at DUC 2006: Multi-Strategy Multi-Document Summarization (2006)

In this paper, we describe how Language Computer Corporation’s GISTEX-TER question-directed summarization system combines multiple strategies for question decomposition and summary generation in order to produce summary-length answers to complex questions. In addition, we introduce a novel framework for question-directed summarization that uses a state-of-the-art textual entailment system (Hickl et al., 2006) in order to select a single responsive summary answer from amongst a number of candidate summaries. We show that by considering entailment relationships between sentences extracted for a summary, we can automatically create semantic “Pyramids ” that can be used to identify answer passages that are both relevant and responsive. 1
Wavelength Dependence of Soft Infrared Laser Desorption and Ionization (2006)

Protonated insulin molecules were formed by soft IR laser desorption ionization of a thin film of the protein on a silicon surface. Time-of-flight mass spectra were recorded at wavelengths between 2.8 and 3.6 μm and the efficiency of ionization was compared to the IR absorption of the protein thin film. Ionization efficiency was quantified by recording the minimum laser energy per unit area required to produce a detectable ion signal (threshold fluence). The ionization efficiency tracks the IR absorption spectrum of insulin between 2.6 and 3.8 μm in the region of OH, NH, and CH stretch absorption. The lowest threshold fluence and therefore the most efficient ionization was nearly coincident with the OH stretch absorption of insulin near 3.0 μm. An additional local maximum in ionization efficiency was observed at 3.4 μm, coincident with the CH stretch vibrational absorption. Comparison of the ionization efficiency with the IR absorption indicates that the protein and not the residual solvent is absorbing the laser energy. Scanning electron microscopy images of the bovine insulin thin films on silicon after laser irradiation show melting and indications of explosive boiling. Ionization occurs through the sacrifice of some of the protein molecules that absorb the laser energy and act as an intrinsic matrix.
Efficient Methods for the Preparation of Alkyl—Aryl and Symmetrical or Unsymmetrical Dialkyl Ethers Between Alcohols and Phenols or Two Alcohols by Oxidation—Reduction Condensation. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
On the Multicast Capacity of the Wireless Broadcast Channel (2012)

For a multicast network, in which a common source is transmitted to <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$N$</tex></formula> users, the problem of maximizing the average rate subject to a coverage constraint (minimum quality of service) is studied. Considering such a network with single-antenna nodes and assuming that the channel state information is available only at the receiver side, the highest expected rate achievable by a random user in the network, called the expected typical rate, is derived in two scenarios: hard coverage constraint and soft coverage constraint. In the first case, the coverage is expressed in terms of the outage probability, while in the second case, the expected rate should satisfy a certain minimum requirement. It is shown that the optimum solution (achieving the highest expected typical rate for given coverage requirements) in both cases is achieved by an infinite layer superposition code for which the optimal power allocation among different layers is derived. The analysis is extended to a scenario with multiple transmit antennas. For the MISO case, a suboptimal coding scheme is proposed, which is shown to be asymptotically optimal, when the number of transmit antennas grows at least logarithmically with the number of users in the network.
Microstructure and hardness evolution of laser metal deposited AA5087 wall-structures (2018)

Wire-based laser metal deposition enables to manufacture structures with very high deposition rates in comparison to powder-based laser additive manufacturing. However, this advantage is generally accompanied with a high energy input. Thus, an accumulation of heat within the structure can result. In addition, the heat conduction conditions can also change with increasing structure height, leading to inhomogeneous microstructural formation along the part. The present study deals with the evolution of the microstructure and hardness in laser metal deposited AA5087 wall structures. In this regard, two samples processed at adapted parameters for different deposition rates are investigated.
Toward Mass Producible Ordered Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Devices (2012)

A strategy to fabricate nanostructured poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films for organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells by a direct transfer method from a reusable soft replica mold is presented. The flexible polyfluoropolyether (PFPE) replica mold allows low-pressure and low- temperature process condition for the successful transfer of nanostructured P3HT films onto PEDOT/PSS-coated ITO substrates. To reduce the fabrication cost of masters in large area, we employed well-ordered anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a template. Also, we provide a method to fabricate reversed nanostructures by exploiting the self-replication of replica molds. The concept of the transfer method in low temperature with a flexible and reusable replica mold obtained from an AAO template will be a firm foundation for a low-cost fabrication process of ordered OPVs.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Development of an Fc-Enhanced Anti–B7-H3 Monoclonal Antibody with Potent Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 75KB, Expression level of B7-H3 on ATCC cancer cell lines as determined by FLOW cytometry with anti-B7-H3 mAb BRCA84D. Solid curves represent isotype control staining; open curves represent staining with FI.&lt;/p&gt;
Chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis: from in vitro studies to clinical recommendations (2010)

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is recommended as a therapeutic intervention in the multimodal approach of osteoarthritis (OA) management. CS has been studied extensively to describe its pharmacology (pharmacokinetic, in vitro and in vivo effects) and its clinical efficacy. Various results have been reported depending on the system of evaluation (model, dosage and duration) and the source of CS (origin and quality). The purpose of this review was to gather most of the available information about CS and to discuss its potency in OA management.
Well‐arrayed ZnO nanostructures formed by multi‐annealing processes at low temperature (2011)

Abstract A novel process of multi‐annealing was proposed for forming well‐arrayed ZnO nanostructures on as‐deposited ZnO thin films that were prepared on quartz glass using a radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering at low temperature. It was found that the formation and morphology of ZnO nanostructures were strongly dependent on the reducing gas annealing processes. Oxygen ambient annealing between two reducing annealing processes had the effect of introducing more oxygen into the ZnO thin film, as well as improving the crystallinity of the ZnO nanostructures. An intense photoluminescence peak centered at 504 nm was observed in the well‐arrayed ZnO nanostructures, due to the large amount of oxygen vacancies which existed on the larger surface area of ZnO nanostructures formed after the multi‐annealing processes at a low temperature of 430 °C. These results show that multi‐annealing processes are very effective in forming well‐arrayed and controllable ZnO nanostructures (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)