gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Broadly Neutralizing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC01 in HIV-Exposed Newborn Infants (2019)

Subcutaneous VRC01 as single or multiple doses is safe and well tolerated in very young infants and is suitable for further study to prevent HIV transmission in infants.
Perturbed hard fluid theoretical analysis of the effects of solvation on the thermodynamics of a hemiketal formation reaction (2003)

The effects of temperature and pressure on the equilibrium reaction of acetone and methanol to form a hemiketal (2-methoxy-2-propanol), when dissolved in either tetrahydorfuran or diethyl ether, are analyzed using the perturbed hard fluid (PHF) model. Experimental global reaction thermodynamic results (ΔG,ΔH,ΔS,ΔV,ΔU,ΔA) are obtained from pressure- and temperature-dependent calibrated Raman peak area measurements. The PHF theoretical analysis separates the effects of repulsive and attractive solute–solvent interactions by combining hard sphere fluid and van der Waals mean field approximations. The results offer a critical test of these approximations and elucidate the way in which the balance of repulsive and attractive interactions contribute to each reaction thermodynamic function.
Colchicine-derived compound CT20126 promotes skin allograft survival by regulating the balance of Th1 and Th2 cytokine production (2007)

Colchicine has been shown to regulate the expression of inflammatory gene, but this compound possesses much weaker anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we synthesized a new colchicine derivative CT20126 and examined its immunomodulatory property. CT20126 was found to have immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation without cytotoxicity and effectively inhibit the transcriptional expression of the inflammatory genes, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta, in macrophages stimulated by LPS. This effect was nearly comparable to that of cyclosporine A. This compound also significantly suppressed the production of nitric oxide and Th1-related pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-2, with minimal suppression of Th2-related anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in the sponge matrix allograft model. Moreover, administration of CT20126 prolonged the survival of allograft skins from BALB/c mice (H-2(d)) to the dorsum of C57BL/6 (H-2(b)) mice. The in vivo immune suppressive effects of CT20126 were similar to that of cyclosporine A. These results indicate that this compound may have potential therapeutic value for transplantation rejection and other inflammatory diseases.
Short Crack R ‐Curves in Ferroelectric and Electrostrictive PLZT (2001)

This work describes the measurement of R ‐curve behavior in ferroelectric ceramics using four‐point bend specimens with controlled semielliptical surface cracks. The results are compared for two compositions of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate. One exhibits ferroelastic behavior, the other electrostrictive linear elastic behavior. R ‐curves are measured in the crack length regime of 0.1 to 0.8 mm. The ferroelastic composition displays a toughness increase from 0.5 to 1.2 MPa·m 1/2 . The linear elastic composition displays a flat R ‐curve. The R ‐curve behavior is attributed to ferroelastic toughening.
Mass spectral study of diastereomers on electron impact, III: 2- bromo-3-acetoxysuccinates and tartrate diacetates (1997)

The interaction between two carboalkoxy groups (COOR) and a bromine atom in stereoselective fragmentation is reflected in the mass spectra of dimethyl 2-bromo-3-acetoxysuccinates as has already been reported in the case of 2,3-dibromosuccinates. These results could be explained based on the expected most favourable conformations in the gas phase. In the case of dialkyl tartrate diacetates, the interaction between the two COOR groups is stereoselective, leading to different ions, and can be explained based on the preferred conformations as reported in the case of dialkyl tartrates. The mechanisms of formation of characteristic ions were confirmed using deuterium labelled compounds. Collision-induced dissociation spectra of [M – OR]+ ions from L-isomers of diacetates are different from those of the corresponding meso-isomers, showing a structural effect based on stereospecific interaction between the two COOR groups.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOCHEMISTRY OF THE METAL‐HALOGEN EXCHANGE INDUCED CYCLIZATION OF Ω‐IODOEPOXIDES (1985)

Abstract Aus den w‐Iod‐epoxiden (I), (IV) und (VII) erhält man nach Iod‐Lithium‐ Austausch bei ‐78°C und anschließendem Erwärmen und gegebenenfalls Zusatz der im Formelschema genannten Lewis‐Säuren oder Metallbromide die cyclisierten Alkohole (II) und (III) bzw. (V) und (VI) bzw. (VIII) und (IX).
Synthesis of Oligopeptides as Polynucleotide Analogs (1996)

Abstract Several dipeptides which have a uracil moiety in their side chains were designed as nucleotide analogs. Oligopeptides obtained from the dipeptides as monomer units were water-soluble, but exhibited no hypochromic effect with poly A or poly dA.
An experimental method for measuring mechanical properties of rat pulmonary arteries verified with latex (2003)

This paper describes a test method for measuring the mechanical properties of small, nonlinear membrane samples from a rat model for pulmonary hypertension. The size and nonlinearity of the pulmonary artery samples poses a challenge for developing a test method that will generate quality, reproducible data in the pressure range experienced by the hypertensive pulmonary artery. The experimental method described here has sufficient precision to yield a combined relative standard uncertainty of 4 %. The method is calibrated against 75 µm thick latex and the data agree well with the neo-Hookian model.
Inhibition of Abl Kinase by Imatinib Can Rescue the Compromised Barrier Function of 22q11.2DS Patient-iPSC-Derived Blood–Brain Barriers (2023)

We have previously established that the integrity of the induced blood-brain barrier (iBBB) formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells derived from the iPSC of 22q11.2 DS (22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, also called DiGeorge Syndrome) patients is compromised. We tested the possibility that the haploinsufficiency of CRKL, a gene within the 22q11.2 DS deletion region, contributes to the deficit. The CRKL is a major substrate of the Abl tyrosine kinase, and the Abl/CRKL signaling pathway is critical for endothelial barrier functions. Imatinib, an FDA-approved drug, inhibits Abl kinase and has been used to treat various disorders involving vascular leakages. To test if imatinib can restore the compromised iBBB, we treated the patient's iBBB with imatinib. After treatment, both trans-endothelial electrical resistance and solute permeability returned to comparable levels of the control iBBB. Correspondingly, changes in tight junctions and endothelial glycocalyx of the iBBB were also restored. Western blotting showed that imatinib increased the level of active forms of the CRKL protein. A transcriptome study revealed that imatinib up-regulated genes in the signaling pathways responsible for the protein modification process and down-regulated those for cell cycling. The KEGG pathway analysis further suggested that imatinib improved the gene expression of the CRKL signaling pathway and tight junctions, which agrees with our expectations and the observations at protein levels. Our results indicate that the 22q11.2DS iBBB is at least partially caused by the haploinsufficiency of CRKL, which can be rescued by imatinib via its effects on the Abl/CRKL signaling pathway. Our findings uncover a novel disease mechanism associated with 22q11.2DS.
Linearized high efficiency HBT MMIC dual band power amplifier module for L-band applications (2002)

A highly linearized InGaP/GaAs HBT MMIC power amplifier is demonstrated using a linearized active bias circuit for PCS/wide-CDMA dual band applications. The MMIC amplifier has a single matching network and a single bias circuit commonly for the two different bands. The two-stage HBT MMIC power amplifier exhibits a linear power gain of 25.5(24.5) dB, an output power of 28(28) dBm, power added efficiency of 43(37)%, and ACPR of -41(-44) dBc at 1.25(5) MHz offset frequency under 3.0V operation voltage, and consumes quiescent current of 90(90) mA at output power of 0 dBm for PCS(Wide-CDMA) applications. The MMIC chip size with on-chip integrated linearizer and bias circuit is only 0.84mm/spl times/1.1mm. The MMIC chip was packaged on plastic substrates, and the power amplifier module size is as small as 6mm by 6mm.
What is artificial intelligence? psychometric AI as an answer (2003)

We propose an answer to the What is AI? question, namely, that Al is really (or at least really ought in significant part to be) Psychometric AI (PAI). Along the way, we: set out and rebut five objections to PAI; describe PERI, a robot in our lab who exemplifies PAI; and briefly treat the future of Psychometric AI, first by pointing toward some promising PAI-based applications, and then by raising some of the big philosophical questions the success of Psychometric AI will raise.
CRISPR-Cas12a exploits R-loop asymmetry to form double-strand breaks (2020)

ABSTRACT Most type V CRISPR-Cas interference proteins use a single RuvC active site to make RNA-guided breaks in double-stranded DNA substrates, an activity essential for both bacterial immunity and genome editing applications. The best-studied of these enzymes, Cas12a, initiates DNA cutting by forming a 20-nucleotide R-loop in which the guide RNA displaces one of the DNA strands of a double-helical substrate, positioning the DNase active site for first-strand cleavage. However, crystal structures and biochemical data have not explained how the second strand is cut to complete the double-strand break. Here, we show that Cas12a-mediated R-loop formation destabilizes DNA at the second-strand cleavage site, which is located outside of the R-loop structure and beyond the 3′ end of the guide RNA. Chemical and fluorescent DNA probes reveal that this destabilization is an intrinsic feature of DNA flanking the RNA-3′ side of R-loops and does not require direct protein interactions. Interestingly, DNA flanking the RNA-5′ side of R-loops is not intrinsically unstable. This asymmetry in R-loop structure may explain the uniformity of guide RNA architecture and the single-active-site cleavage mechanism that are fundamental features of all type V CRISPR-Cas systems.
Peer Reviewed: Selectivity in CE (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Selectivity in CEDefinitions, concepts, and, most important, clear guidelines for optimizing selectivity.Petr Boček, Radim Vespalec, and Roger W. GieseCite this: Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 17, 586 A–595 APublication Date (Web):September 1, 2000Publication History Published online1 September 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac002918ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac002918enewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views674Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (37 MB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Picosecond measurements by free-running electro-optic sampling (1994)

Timing jitter in passively mode-locked lasers is an important limit in electro-optic measurements. We demonstrate picosecond resolution electro-optic sampling measurements in the presence of nanosecond-scale timing jitter. Timing-jitter distortion is eliminated by scanning at a large offset frequency and triggering on the resulting waveform. Frequency jitter and the effects of triggering on a noisy signal are analyzed. Using this method, 1.5 ps fall times are measured on electronically generated shock waveforms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Table 1 from Dysregulation of EGFR Pathway in EphA2 Cell Subpopulation Significantly Associates with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 - Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting DFS of patients with EphA2high from pooled cohorts 1, 2, and 3 (N = 455).&lt;/p&gt;
UPDATE ON THE TREATMENT OF PITUITARY ADENOMAS: FAMILIAL AND GENETIC CONSIDERATIONS (2008)

Clinically-relevant pituitary adenomas occur with a prevalence of approximately 1 per 1000 population in Belgium. Pituitary adenomas that occur in families are likely to have an important genetic pathophysiological basis. Currently about 5% of all pituitary adenoma cases have a family history of pituitary adenomas, classically due to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and Carney complex (CNC). Over the last decade we have described non-MEN1/CNC familial pituitary tumours that include all tumour phenotypes, a condition named 'familial isolated pituitary adenoma' (FIPA). Clinical features of FIPA differ from those of sporadic pituitary adenomas in that patients with FIPA are often younger and have larger tumours at diagnosis. Approximately 15% of FIPA patients have mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene (AIP), which indicates that FIPA may have a diverse genetic pathophysiology. In this review we examine new findings on the epidemiology of pituitary adenomas and we review familial causes of pituitary adenomas with a particular emphasis on modern clinical testing. In addition, the clinical and genetic features of FIPA are described as FIPA represents a useful framework to study the features of pituitary adenomas that occur in a familial setting.
Directional segmented matched filter for hyperspectral images (2011)

We propose a new type of a segmented matched filter, called a directional segmented matched filter (DSMF), based on geometric considerations between the target, background, and a given pixel. We use a modified k-means segmentation algorithm that has produced the background suitable for our detectors. We demonstrate numerical results on the performance of two versions of DSMF on two different targets. The two versions perform very differently, apparently depending on the type of target and the background structure.
Reduced acetylation of TFAM promotes bioenergetic dysfunction in the failing heart (2022)

Summary General Control of Amino-Acid Synthesis 5-like 1 (GCN5L1) was previously identified as a key regulator of protein lysine acetylation in mitochondria. Subsequent studies demonstrated that GCN5L1 regulates the acetylation status and activity of mitochondrial fuel substrate metabolism enzymes. However, the role of GCN5L1 in response to chronic hemodynamic stress is largely unknown. Here, we show that cardiomyocyte-specific GCN5L1 knockout mice (cGCN5L1 KO) display exacerbated pressure overload-induced heart failure progression following transaortic constriction (TAC). Mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial electron transport chain protein levels were decreased in cGCN5L1 KO hearts after TAC, and isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes with reduced GCN5L1 expression had lower bioenergetic output in response to hypertrophic stress. Loss of GCN5L1 expression led to a decrease in the acetylation status of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) after TAC in vivo , which was linked to a reduction in mtDNA levels in vitro . Together, these data suggest that GCN5L1 may protect from hemodynamic stress by maintaining mitochondrial bioenergetic output. Highlights Reduced GCN5L1 expression in the failing heart promotes contractile dysfunction Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels are reduced in cardiomyocyte-specific GCN5L1 knockout mice following hemodynamic stress GCN5L1 knockdown reduces, and GCN5L1 overexpression increases, bioenergetic output in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes GCN5L1-mediated acetylation of TFAM promotes increased mtDNA levels
Creating a network of Integral Music Controllers (2006)

In this paper, we describe the networking of multiple Integral Music Controllers (IMCs) to enable an entirely new method for creating music by tapping into the composite gestures and emotions of not just one, but many performers. The concept and operation of an IMC is reviewed as well as its use in a network of IMC controllers. We then introduce a new technique of Integral Music Control by assessing the composite gesture(s) and emotion(s) of a group of performers through the use of a wireless mesh network. The Telemuse, an IMC designed precisely for this kind of performance, is described and its use in a new musical performance project under development by the authors is discussed.
Crystal structure of the two-RRM domain of hnRNP A1 (UP1) complexed with single-stranded telomeric DNA (1999)

Human hnRNP A1 is a versatile single-stranded nucleic acid-binding protein that functions in various aspects of mRNA maturation and in telomere length regulation. The crystal structure of UP1, the amino-terminal domain of human hnRNP A1 containing two RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs), bound to a 12-nucleotide single-stranded telomeric DNA has been determined at 2.1 A resolution. The structure of the complex reveals the basis for sequence-specific recognition of the single-stranded overhangs of human telomeres by hnRNP A1. It also provides insights into the basis for high-affinity binding of hnRNP A1 to certain RNA sequences, and for nucleic acid binding and functional synergy between the RRMs. In the crystal structure, a UP1 dimer binds to two strands of DNA, and each strand contacts RRM1 of one monomer and RRM2 of the other. The two DNA strands are antiparallel, and regions of the protein flanking each RRM make important contacts with DNA. The extensive protein-protein interface seen in the crystal structure of the protein-DNA complex and the evolutionary conservation of the interface residues suggest the importance of specific protein-protein interactions for the sequence-specific recognition of single-stranded nucleic acids. Models for regular packaging of telomere 3' overhangs and for juxtaposition of alternative 5' splice sites are proposed.
How Much Do Downlink Pilots Improve Cell-Free Massive Mimo? (2016)

In this paper, we analyze the benefits of including downlink pilots in a cell-free massive MIMO system. We derive an approximate per-user achievable downlink rate for conjugate beamforming processing, which takes into account both uplink and downlink channel estimation errors, and power control. A performance comparison is carried out, in terms of per-user net throughput, considering cell-free massive MIMO operation with and without downlink training, for different network densities. We take also into account the performance improvement provided by max-min fairness power control in the downlink. Numerical results show that, exploiting downlink pilots, the performance can be considerably improved in low density networks over the conventional scheme where the users rely on statistical channel knowledge only. In high density networks, performance improvements are moderate.
Climate Variability and Flood-Risk Management (2001)

Evidence accumulates that climate has changed, is changing, and will continue to do so. As our understanding of these processes improves, how should water resources planning and flood-risk management evolve? Using the upper Mississippi River Basin as an example, this paper investigates how flood risk estimation and risk forecasting might be done in a world with variable flood risk. Four alternative forecasting approaches are developed using reasonable models for climate variability, and the resulting estimates of average flood risk and the equivalent economic risk are compared.
ChemInform Abstract: Finger Loop Inhibitors of the HCV NS5b Polymerase. Part 2. Optimization of Tetracyclic Indole‐Based Macrocycle Leading to the Discovery of TMC647055. (2012)

Abstract Title compound (I) combines potent nanomolar cellular activity in HCV assays and promising pharmacokinetic profiles in rats and dogs and is currently being evaluated in the clinic.
Ultrafast Dynamics of Epsilon-Near-Zero Modes in GaAs at Terahertz Frequencies (2016)

We experimentally demonstrated an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode in an n-doped GaAs layer at 0.8 THz and study its ultrafast dynamics using optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy. Notable plasmon damping was observed upon optical pumping.
More on enzymic diagnosis of heart disease. (1981)

Journal Article More on enzymic diagnosis of heart disease. Get access G Cembrowski G Cembrowski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 27, Issue 2, 1 February 1981, Page 342, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/27.2.342 Published: 01 February 1981
A hybrid differential/mode filtering technique for FDTD analysis of dual-polarization antenna feeds (2002)

A new technique for efficient analysis of dual-polarization antenna feeds has been developed. It combines conformal FDTD modelling of the structure, differential decomposition of total fields into incident and reflected, and filtering of the fields through numerical modal templates. The new technique has been validated for matched dual-polarization circular and ridged circular guides, even with coarse discretization producing accurate results. For the practical design of a septum polarizer, excellent agreement with the measurements has been obtained, and a critical parameter which is the 90/spl deg/ phase shift between the polarizations has been simulated with 0.5/spl deg/ accuracy.
Ultra-thin fluoropolymer buffer layer as an anode stabilizer of organic light emitting devices (2007)

We have investigated the effect of thin fluoro-acrylic polymer as an anode stabilizer on the lifetime of an organic light emitting device (OLED). Surface chemical properties of commercial fluoropolymer, FC-722 (Fluorad™ of 3M), on indium–tin oxide (ITO) were characterized by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. An OLED with 1 nm thick fluoropolymeric film showed identical brightness and efficiency behaviour and improved operational stability compared with the reference device with UV-O3 treated ITO. The improvement in the lifetime was accompanied by the suppression of the voltage increase at the initial stage of constant-current driving, which can be attributed to the action of the FC-722 layer by smoothing the ITO surface. Fluoropolymer coating, therefore, improves the lifetime of the small molecular OLED by the simple and reliable anode-stabilizing process.
Notation (2011)

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