gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting KDM2A Enhances T-cell Infiltration in NSD1-Deficient Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

The altered epigenetic landscape of NSD1-deficient tumors confers sensitivity to inhibition of the histone-modifying enzyme KDM2A as an immunotherapeutic strategy to stimulate T-cell infiltration and suppress tumor growth.
Novel 12‐Membered Ring Macrolides with Activity Against Erythromycin‐Resistant Organisms. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
In vivo brain viscoelastic properties measured by magnetic resonance elastography (2008)

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualise and quantify mechanical properties of tissue, providing information beyond what can be currently achieved with standard MR sequences and could, for instance, provide new insight into pathological processes in the brain. This study uses the MRE technique at 3 T to extract the complex shear modulus for in vivo brain tissue utilizing a full three-dimensional approach to reconstruction, removing contributions of the dilatational wave by application of the curl operator. A calibrated phantom is used to benchmark the MRE measurements, and in vivo results are presented for healthy volunteers. The results provide data for in vivo brain storage modulus (G'), finding grey matter (3.1 kPa) to be significantly stiffer than white matter (2.7 kPa). The first in vivo loss modulus (G'') measurements show no significant difference between grey matter (2.5 kPa) and white matter (2.5 kPa).
Laser Doppler holography reveals retinal blood flow in humans (2017)

We report on laser Doppler perfusion imaging of human retinas using off-axis holography with near infrared light. Holograms were computed from optical interferograms recorded in the two output channels of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer by a video-rate and a high-speed camera. In the first channel, a sCMOS camera was used for real-time narrowband measurements; in the second channel, a CMOS camera was used for wideband measurements. The first channel enabled real-time monitoring of retinal holograms from an input stream of 16-bit, 512 by 512 pixels interferograms at 80 frames per second. The holograms were numerically reconstructed by the angular spectrum propagation method with 64-bit single-precision floating-point complex values using a computer on a single graphics processing unit (GPU). A short-time Fourier transformation along the temporal dimension of an input stream of 12-bit, 512 by 512 pixels interferograms acquired at 39,000 frames per second in the second channel was computed, high-pass filtered, and the Doppler signal was drawn from the first moments of the envelope of the result, yielding images with a temporal resolution of about 13 ms, a spatial resolution of about 20 microns and a field of view approximately 2*2 mm, on which tissue perfusion contrasts are related to both the local speed and concentration of blood cells. The cardiac cycle of retinal vessels is apparent, and choroidal vasculature can also be observed. Further analysis of the vessels frequency signature allowed for the discrimination of retinal and choroidal vessels, at low and high frequencies, respectively.
High-Rate Deposition of High-Quality Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Germanium Using Very High-Frequency Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition with a High Hydrogen Dilution (2003)

Ways of improving the deposition rate of hydrogenated amorphous silicon germanium (a-SiGe:H) while maintaining its film quality, using the very high-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (VHF-CVD) technique, were investigated. It was concluded that the VHF-CVD technique with a high hydrogen dilution of silane and germane is suitable for high-quality a-SiGe:H fabrication at a relatively high deposition rate. The reason why the high deposition rate is compatible with high quality is related to the high density of hydrogen radicals, which are proper to the VHF-CVD technique. The low plasma potential of VHF plasma contributes to high-quality a-SiGe:H film deposition by suppressing ion bombardment and excessive penetration of hydrogen atoms into the film. In device fabrication, the VHF-CVD technique is also useful because a high deposition rate with low ion bombardment may suppress negative effects to the underlying layers during deposition of the a-SiGe:H photovoltaic layer. This investigation showed that almost the same initial and stabilized efficiency for an a-Si/a-SiGe tandem solar cell was obtained at a five times higher deposition rate for the a-SiGe:H photovoltaic layer than those in conventional RF-CVD methods using the same reaction chamber.
Euphorbia characias as Bioenergy Crop: a Study of Variations in Energy Value Components According to Phenology and Water Status (2013)

Euphorbia characias has drawn much attention as a potential bioenergy crop given its considerable amount of latex, rich in hydrocarbon-like compounds, and its ability to grow in large areas of semiarid lands. Compositions of major constituents with an energy value have been determined for the three phenological stages of this plant (preflowering, flowering, and postflowering) and different irrigation treatments. Metabolites from both nonpolar and polar extracts have been identified and quantified by GC-MS, GC-FID, HPLC-ELSD, and UPLC-PDA-MS. The results highlight that the end of the flowering period is the optimal harvesting time to maximize the yields of E. characias as a potential energy crop. The total water requirements to obtain the maximum yields of hexane- and methanol-extractables were determined for its annual development cycle.
Concordance of Circulating Tumor DNA and Matched Metastatic Tissue Biopsy in Prostate Cancer (2017)

Our study shows that, in the majority of patients, a ctDNA assay is sufficient to identify all driver DNA alterations present in matched metastatic tissue and supports development of DNA biomarkers to guide mCRPC patient management based on ctDNA alone.
Loss of MIG-6 results in endometrial progesterone resistance via ERBB2 (2020)

Abstract Female subfertility is highly associated with endometriosis. Although the exact etiology of endometriosis-related infertility remains to be determined, endometrial progesterone resistance has recently been suggested as a crucial element in the development of endometrial diseases. Here, we report that MIG-6 , a progesterone-induced gene, is downregulated in the endometrium of infertile women with endometriosis and in a non-human primate model of endometriosis. In an endometriosis mouse model with a fluorescent reporter used to identify lesions, an increase of endometriosis development and implantation failure were observed in mice with Mig-6 deficient endometrium compared to controls. MIG-6 is known to inhibit ERBB2, which we found overexpressed in the endometrium from uterine-specific Mig-6 knock-out mice ( Pgr cre/+ Mig-6 f/f ; Mig-6 d/d ). To investigate the effect of ERBB2 targeting on endometrial progesterone resistance, fertility, and endometriosis, we introduced Erbb2 ablation in Mig-6 d/d mice ( Mig-6 d/d Erbb2 d/d mice). The additional knockout of Erbb2 rescued all phenotypes seen in Mig-6 d/d mice including endometrial progesterone resistance, infertility, and endometriosis lesion development. Transcriptomic analysis showed that genes differentially expressed in Mig-6 d/d mice reverted to their normal expression amounts in Mig-6 d/d Erbb2 d/d mice. Together, our results demonstrate that MIG-6-induced ERBB2 overexpression causes endometrial progesterone resistance and a nonreceptive endometrium in endometriosis-related infertility and that ERBB2 targeting reverses these effects.
Hepatocellular expression of lymphocyte function—associated antigen 3 in chronic hepatitis (1991)

T lymphocyte-mediated cytolytic immune reactions are considered a major cause of hepatocyte injury in chronic viral and autoimmune hepatitis. To further investigate local immune responses, we studied the expression of lymphocyte antigens and cell-cell interaction molecules known to be involved in effector-target cell interactions by light and electron microscopy in liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic viral and autoimmune hepatitis. CD8+ lymphocytes were found to be the predominant population of cells in the inflammatory infiltrate in chronic hepatitis B and non-A, non-B hepatitis. In contrast, CD4+ cells constituted a comparably higher proportion of cells and were more numerous than CD8+ cells in chronic autoimmune hepatitis. In both viral and autoimmune hepatitis, a substantial portion of lymphocytes expressed activation antigens such as T11/3 (CD2R) and IL-2-R (CD25). Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (CD58), which mediates lymphocyte adhesion and activation and is the natural ligand of the CD2/T11 lymphocyte surface receptor, could be demonstrated on endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Hepatocellular lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 expression in chronic hepatitis showed membranous and cytoplasmic staining of hepatocytes and had a positive correlation with the degree of inflammatory activity. These results suggest that effector-target interactions between hepatocytes and lymphocytes mediated by the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3/CD2 pathway play a role in chronic inflammatory liver disease. Possible functional consequences of this interaction include enhancement of antigen-specific immune reactions and antigen-independent mechanisms of T cell activation, which may contribute considerably to the degree of inflammatory activity and tissue damage in chronic hepatitis.
Holographic data storage crystals for LDEF (A0044) (1984)

Electro-optic holographic recording systems were developed. The spaceworthiness of electro-optic crystals for use in ultrahigh capacity space data storage and retrieval systems are examined. The crystals for this experiment are included with the various electro-optical components of LDEF experiment. The effects of long-duration exposure on active optical system components is investigated. The concept of data storage in an optical-phase holographic memory is illustrated.
Biodegradable surfactants and related compositions, methods and systems (2023)

Biodegradable surfactants are described, in which an amphiphilic heteroatom containing hydrocarbon optionally comprising at least one counterion (Z), and related compositions, methods and systems. Biodegradable surfactant described herein has an aHLB value in accordance with equation (1): aHLB=20*Gh/(Gh−Gt) (1) wherein Gh is the Group Number of a hydrophilic head portion of the biodegradable surfactant optionally comprising the at least one counterion (Z), and Gt is the Group Number of a hydrophobic tail portion of the biodegradable surfactant. A biodegradable surfactant in the sense of the disclosure can be tuned to a set hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (aHLB) by selectively modifying at least one tuning moiety of the biodegradable surfactants to provide tuned biodegradable surfactants having an increase or decrease in their adjusted hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (aHLB).
New Technique to Estimate Temperature Distribution During Thermal EOR Operations (2018)

Abstract Thermal operations are the most effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques used to increase hydrocarbon production, especially in heavy oil reservoirs. Thermal EOR involves injecting of steam or hot fluids into underground reservoirs to alter the physical properties, specifically, the fluid viscosity and effective mobility. Numbers of mathematical (numerical or analytical) models were developed to estimate the temperature variations during such operations, however, those models assume constant fluid velocity throughout the reservoir, then, severe estimations errors could be generated. The objective of this paper is to develop a new approach for determining the temperature distribution during thermal-EOR processes, and the heat propagations with time and distance from the wellbore with acceptable tolerance. The main aim of this work is to develop a reliable model to predict the temperature distributions in porous rocks during thermal EOR operations. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods were utilized to compute the temperature profiles, those models would minimize the complexity and uncertainties of numerical approaches. The impact of formation permeability, injection time and distance from wellbore were considered to develop effective models. To ensure a high level of model reliability, more than 220 data set was used for training and testing the proposed models. Temperature distribution was determined using the neural network, fuzzy logic system, and generalized intelligent networks. Different model's parameters were used to optimize the intelligent networks, average absolute error and correlation coefficient were utilized to measure the model performance. ANN model showed the best prediction performance, an average absolute error of 6.2 % and a correlation coefficient of 0.98 was obtained using unseen data set.
Current status of 3D EPID-based in vivo dosimetry in The Netherlands Cancer Institute (2015)

3D in vivo dose verification using a-Si EPIDs is performed routinely in our institution for almost all RT treatments. The EPID-based 3D dose distribution is reconstructed using a back-projection algorithm and compared with the planned dose distribution using 3D gamma evaluation. Dose-reconstruction and gamma-evaluation software runs automatically, and deviations outside the alert criteria are immediately available and investigated, in combination with inspection of cone-beam CT scans. The implementation of our 3D EPID- based in vivo dosimetry approach was able to replace pre-treatment verification for more than 90% of the patient treatments. Clinically relevant deviations could be detected for approximately 1 out of 300 patient treatments (IMRT and VMAT). Most of these errors were patient related anatomical changes or deviations from the routine clinical procedure, and would not have been detected by pre-treatment verification. Moreover, 3D EPID-based in vivo dose verification is a fast and accurate tool to assure the safe delivery of RT treatments. It provides clinically more useful information and is less time consuming than pre-treatment verification measurements. Automated 3D in vivo dosimetry is therefore a prerequisite for large-scale implementation of patient-specific quality assurance of RT treatments.
SPARC: Correlation between Patient Characteristics in Gastrointestinal Evaluation using Principal Component Analysis (2020)

Introduction anorectal function is complex. Assessment of anorectal physiology and diagnostics for anorectal disorders face problems due to inconsistent results with different technologies and huge inter‐subject variability. This limits development of therapeutic strategies. Devices used to evaluate anorectal function include Fecobionics, EndoFLIP, Anorectal manometry and Ultrasound. The goal of this study was to find correlation in patient characteristics based on data obtained with these measurements. Methods the four tests mentioned above were used to evaluate anorectal function in normal subjects and patients with fecal incontinence (FI) or constipation. The data were cleaned by replacing unknown values with the average of measurements, and they were standardized. In total there were 90 measurements and 35 features. The collected data included sex, age (60.0±14.3 years), weight (59.0±9.0 kg), height (1.6±0.1m), FI score (16.8±12.8 with normal values =&lt; 5), constipation score (6.5±4.4 with normal values =&lt; 8), anorectal maximum pressure (46.9±10.1 mmHg), resting pressure (61±25.8 mmHg), expel time (46.3±63.2s), and absence or presentation of rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR), etc. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to find the contribution of each reduced feature in variance of data and the correlation between features, utilizing singular value decomposition. We used Python and its libraries. Results and Discussion the variance in data was mostly explained using 25 PCs. The percentage of cumulative variance explained by up to the 1 th , 25 th and 35 th PC was 15%, 98% and 100%, respectively. The PCs provided insights about the relation between features. For example, according to the first PC the maximum pressure, resting pressure, maximum tolerance and age were positively correlated. Also, weight, absence of RAIR and constipation score were positively correlated. However, the latter group of parameters were negatively correlated to the former group. Because the number of patients used in this study were limited results should be interpreted with caution. However, more data are currently being collected, which will be included in our analysis. We plan to extend our analysis to cluster patient data using machine learning. Conclusions in this study we analyzed data gathered in anorectal evaluation using PCA. Data obtained provided insights about relation between characteristics of the patients. Analysis of data obtained in anorectal evaluation will help to better understand factors involved in anorectal and other gastrointestinal disorders, which could lead to better preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Support or Funding Information NIH SPARC funding Acknowledgements NIH SPARC funding.
Active radial magnetic bearing for an ultra-high speed motor (2016)

The miniaturization trend of electric machines increases the demand for higher rotational speeds to provide a desired mechanical power level at decreased size. To push the limits of rotor miniaturization, new concepts for an ultra-high speed motor are researched, which employs sub-millimeter size rotors and is capable of achieving rotational speeds above 25 million rotations per minute (Mrpm). The rotor is supported by means of a frictionless active magnetic bearing, which counteracts the gravitational force in vertical direction. Due to the low damping of the rotor, a magnetic bearing is also required in horizontal direction for to fully stabilize it. The respective system model, position sensor system and controller design for such a magnetic bearing are outlined in this study. Experimental results demonstrate an increased horizontal damping of the rotor by a factor of more than 100.
<title>Optoacoustic imaging of oral cancer: feasibility studies in hamster model of squamous cell carcinoma</title> (1999)

An otoacoustic transducer capable of detecting wide-band ultrasonic profiles at the site of pulsed laser irradiation was developed and applied in imaging various stages of squamous cell carcinoma produced in a hamster cheek pouch model. Imaging was performed using 12-nanosecond Nd:YAG laser pulses (FWHM) at the wavelength of 532 nm, which provided sufficient depth of monitoring (2 mm), significant tissue contrast and 15-?m in depth resolution. The opto-acoustic images depict distinct tissue layers in control (normal) animals and heterogeneous structureless tissue in pre-cancer and cancer stages. Pronounced changes in subsurface tissue structures that occur in the course of cancer development were not detected upon gross examination. Optoacoustic images of later stages in cancer development presented exophytic or irregular profiles on the surfaces, possibly associated with enhanced microvascularization. The changes associated with benign inflammation yielded optoacoustic images different from those depicting cancer progression. The experimental results suggest that the optoacoustic images displaying layered tissue structure on the basis of variations in optical absorption and scattering may be utilized for early detection and staging of superficial mucosa cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzylidene‐Protected Dihydroxyacetone. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP), and CRF/CRF-BP complex in human plasma by two-site enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay. (1996)

The actions of human corticotropin-releasing factor (hCRF) in brain, pituitary, and plasma are modulated by a 37-kDa protein [CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP)] that binds to hCRF and neutralizes the peptide's biological activity, suggesting that only the free unbound peptide is biologically active. To accurately predict the biological consequences resulting from changes in total hCRF levels, we have developed two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for hCRF-BP, free hCRF, and the hCRF-BP/hCRF complex. The assays were validated by measuring each factor in 1) maternal plasma at times when CRF and hCRF-BP levels are altered, and 2) plasma from normal elderly human subjects who have undergone a hCRF stimulation test. The hCRF-BP ELISA has a sensitivity of 2.7 fmol and a range of detection from 2.7-8000 fmol. Both the hCRF and hCRF-BP/ hCRF assays have a sensitivity of 0.4 fmol, with a useful range of detection from 0.4-40 fmol. Maternal plasma hCRF-BP levels remained unaltered between the 16-21 and 34-39 month gestational age groups. However, levels rose from 0.88 +/- 0.069 nmol/L in the 16-21 month gestational age group to 1.01 +/- 0.09 nmol/L in the 28-33 month gestational age group. Bound hCRF levels dramatically rose from undetectable at 16-21 months of gestation to 200 +/- 69 and 442 +/- 106 pmol/L in the 28-33 and 34-39 month gestational age groups, respectively. In comparison, free hCRF levels remained low throughout gestation, but dramatically rose to 318 +/- 120 pmol/L from 34-39 months of gestation. Binding site occupancy on the hCRF-BP decreased when bound and free hCRF levels were elevated. After treating the third trimester plasma sample with the high affinity hCRF-BP ligand, alpha-helical CRF-(9-41), all of the bound hCRF was displaced from the binding protein, and free hCRF levels rose from 87 to 284 pmol/L. The plasma hCRF-BP level was 0.9 +/- 0.08 nmol/L in normal human volunteers (10 men and 9 women; mean +/- SD age, 74.2 +/- 7.7 yr), decreased to 60% of basal levels 15 min after a bolus injection of 1 microgram/kg synthetic hCRF, and gradually returned to preinjection levels after 120 min. Conversely, bound and free hCRF levels increased from undetectable levels before hCRF injection to 0.58 +/- 0.03 nmol/L at 15 min and then rapidly decreased to undetectable levels at 120 min. These data validate the ELISAs in combination with high affinity hCRF-BP ligands for measuring bound and free hCRF in human plasma and suggest the utility of these assays for further determining alterations in peripheral CRF in conditions such as pregnancy.
The role of statins in endothelial dysfunction in hypertension (2006)

Statins may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of hypertension in patients with dyslipidemia and possibly those with normal cholesterol levels.
Generation and Study of Benzylchlorocarbene from a Phenanthrene Precursor (1998)

The curved plots of (carbene adduct)/(carbene-rearrangement product) versus carbene trapping agent, tetramethylene [TME], reported with benzylchlorodiazirine 1 have been reproduced. However, with the use of a non-nitrogenous precursor, plots of this type are approximately linear over the range of [TME] employed. Thus, any complex formed between benzylchlorocarbene and TME must collapse to form cyclopropane faster then it can fragment with rearrangement to β-chlorostyrene and TME. Diazirine 1 does photoisomerize to diazo compound 7, but this process is inefficient (φ = 0.075) and is not likely to be responsible for the curvature in plots of adduct/styrene versus [TME] observed with the diazirine precursor. Thus, the second, noncarbene, pathway to β-chlorostyrene is neither a carbene−olefin complex nor a diazo intermediate. It is proposed that the second pathway involves a rearrangement in the excited state of the diazirine, although other explanations cannot be discarded.