gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-frequency-locked multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser (2002)

A self-frequency-locked laser around 1.55 /spl mu/m is demonstrated by adding a segment of samarium-doped fiber (SDF) in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser cavity. The narrow band output signal, with 3-dB linewidth of less than 0.15 nm and sidemode suppression ratio of 30 dB, is nearly polarization independent. A wavelength adjustable source within the 1.55 /spl mu/m band can be made by connecting various lengths of SDFs in each port of a 1/spl times/N synchronous optical switch simultaneously.
Epitaxial Liftoff Integration of a GaAs Multiple Quantum Well Modulator Array onto Si VLSI for Optical Signal Processing (1995)

The need for increased processing speed in advanced computing systems is straining the limits of purely electronic systems. Opto-electronic systems may represent the future form of implementation of high throughput data processing systems. The components that are selected for Opto-Electronic data processing systems have to meet the requirements of both high speed and low power dissipation. GaAs/AlGaAs Multiple Quantum Well (MQW) Spatial Light Modulators (SLM) exhibit low switching power and very high speed. Moreover, they operate at voltages which are compatible with Si VLSI technology 1 . These make them attractive in high density optical information processing systems such as optical correlators. Thin film integration between Si integrated circuits and MQW modulators can be done by Epitaxial Lift-Off (ELO) technique. A major advantage of ELO is that Si circuitry and GaAs MQW modulators can be optimized individually and then integrated together resulting in improved yield and performance.
An integrated 17 GHz front-end for ISM/WLAN applications in 0.13 μm CMOS (2004)

This paper presents an integrated front-end for ISM/WLAN applications at 17.3 GHz in 0.13 /spl mu/m standard CMOS. The front-end chip includes an inductive source-degenerated low noise amplifier (LNA), a transformer-based Gilbert-mixer, an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and a buffer for the local oscillator (LO) input. The integrated receiver front-end achieves a gain of 34.7 dB, a SSB noise figure of 6.6 dB, an input. IP3 of -34.4 dBm and an input 1dB compression point of -39 dBm and consumes only 70 mW at a power supply voltage of 1.5 V.
Inherited DNA-Repair Gene Mutations in Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2016)

In our multicenter study, the incidence of germline mutations in genes mediating DNA-repair processes among men with metastatic prostate cancer was 11.8%, which was significantly higher than the incidence among men with localized prostate cancer. The frequencies of germline mutations in DNA-repair genes among men with metastatic disease did not differ significantly according to age at diagnosis or family history of prostate cancer. (Funded by Stand Up To Cancer and others.).
Screening of Molecular Interactions Using Reporter Hammerhead Ribozymes (2008)

The characterization of molecular interactions is a central task in modern life sciences. Applications such as drug screening in pharmaceutics or the elucidation of biomolecular interactions in molecular biology rely on efficient methods to search for interacting partners. Here, we describe a novel technique that utilizes hammerhead ribozymes to signal molecular interactions. The ribozyme is modified by a domain that specifically binds to a target molecule such as a protein. Upon binding of the target, the catalytic activity of the ribozyme is changed, allowing for detection of the presence as well as the occurrence of interactions of the targeted ligand. The assay can be performed in high-throughput format by employing double-labeled ribozyme substrates, hence being well suited for drug-screening applications. The detection proceeds rapidly and in real-time. Moreover, the technique neither requires labeling of the target molecule nor the potential interaction partners or analytes since an indirect readout is facilitated by switching the catalytic activity of a reporter ribozyme. The assay can be utilized to sense a broad variety of biomolecular interactions, and is very sensitive due to signal amplification by the ribozyme reaction.
Supply Chain Decision Analytics: Application and Case Study for Critical Infrastructure Security. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Energy Storage in Microgrids: Compensating for Generation and Demand Fluctuations While Providing Ancillary Services (2017)

Driven by global environmental emission issues, energy access in remote communities, and tighter requirements for system resilience and reliability, electricity production is shifting from a centralized paradigm to a decentralized one. In this context, renewable energy sources (RESs) have proliferated over the past decade, exhibiting a steadily increasing trend. Thus, today, a large number of wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) panels are connected to medium- (1-69 kV) and low-voltage (=1 kV) grids, with traditional integrated bulk power systems becoming decentralized in the presence of active distribution networks, where the flow of power is bidirectional between generators and "prosumers." In particular, with decreasing RES s costs, these technologies are becoming attractive solutions to bring energy to remote communities and/or replace expensive fossil-fuel-based generators. However, RES s such as wind and solar are intermittent sources of energy, difficult to predict, and prone to large output fluctuations-therefore, significantly affecting system voltage and frequency.
Polymer-Coated Silicon Micromirror Array for Integrated Optical Pickup Application (2005)

Fabrication of a micromirror array for the development of an integrated optical pickup using a blue laser diode is demonstrated. The micromirror array can be obtained by combining silicon wet etching and polymer UV embossing. Conventional wet etching of a Si(100) wafer that is cut with a 9.7° tilt toward the &lt;110&gt; direction can produce 45° mirrors; however, the surface roughness is not sufficiently low for the application to optical pickup. To overcome this, we compensated the surface roughness by the addition of polymer UV embossing with a precise glass master mold onto the wet-etched Si surface. The surface roughness of polymer-coated mirror was lower by one-eighth compared to the etched-Si mirror, satisfying the specifications of a mirror for the optical pickup.
Performance Analysis of Solar Thermal Powered Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle-Assisted Low-Temperature Multi-Effect Desalination Coupled With Mechanical Vapor Compression (2021)

Abstract Power and freshwater demand are increasing as populations around the world keep growing. Due to the environmental impact of using fossil fuels and limited resources, using solar thermal in desalination application is a valuable option. In this paper, an innovative new design of low-temperature multi-effect desalination coupled with mechanical vapor compression (LT-MED-MVC) powered by supercritical organic Rankine cycle (SORC) utilizing a low-grade solar heat source using evacuated tube collectors is analyzed. The proposed design has the potential to desalinate water of high salt concentrations or brine with high salinity more than 100,000 ppm or effluent streams from a power plant with low energy consumption and high efficiency when compared to other systems. The performance of the LT-MED-MVC was found to be better than similar systems found in the literature. The specific power consumption for the system is lower than 4 kW h/m3 for seawater feed salinity of 100,000 ppm, 14 forward feed effects, and a recovery rate of 50%. The overall system efficiency is about 14%. The impact of increasing the number of effects, motive steam temperature, pressure of SORC, and salt concentration on the specific power consumption, solar collector area, and the system efficiency are also analyzed.
The Brain and Optic Nerve Study with Artificial Intelligence (BONSAI): A Deep Learning System to Detect Papilledema on Ocular Fundus Photography (2743) (2020)

To develop an artificial intelligence deep learning system (AI-DLS) capable of distinguishing “normal optic nerves”, “papilledema” (optic disc edema from proven intracranial hypertension), and “other optic nerve abnormalities” on standard digital fundus photographs from a large, multi-ethnic, worldwide, patient population (BONSAI Study Group). This classification was chosen to provide a low-cost, non-invasive test that facilitates identification of patients less (those with normal optic nerves) or more (those with papilledema) likely to have a neurologic disorder associated with high morbidity/mortality in an emergency setting.
Review of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Conference on ‘‘Recent advances in active control of sound and vibration,’’ 15–17 April 1991, Blacksburg, VA (1991)

First Page
Breather Solitons in Microresonators (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Yu, J. K. Jang, Y. Okawachi, A. G. Griffith, K. Luke, S. Miller, X. Ji, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, "Breather Solitons in Microresonators," in Photonics and Fiber Technology 2016 (ACOFT, BGPP, NP), OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper NM5A.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Determination of hydrogen diffusibility and embrittlement susceptibility of high-strength steel evaluated at different temperatures based on the local equilibrium theory (2023)

The effects of diffusible or non-diffusible hydrogen on hydrogen trapping states and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of cold-drawn pearlitic steel have been quantitatively evaluated at temperatures of 30 °C and 240 °C based on Oriani's local equilibrium theory. Hydrogen absorbed in cold-drawn pearlitic steel had two trapping states; Peak 1 H desorbed below 200 °C and Peak 2 H desorbed above 200 °C as determined by thermal desorption analysis. Peak 1 H with a binding energy between hydrogen and a trapping site (Eb) of 56 kJ·mol−1 was diffusible and harmful to hydrogen embrittlement at 30 °C. That was because the Eb of Peak 1 H was lower than that of Oriani's local equilibrium condition of 69 kJ·mol−1 at 30 °C. In contrast, Peak 2 H with an Eb of 76 kJ·mol−1 was non-diffusible and innocuous. That was because the Eb of Peak 2 H was higher than 69 kJ·mol−1 at 30 °C. However, Peak 2 H was diffusible and harmful to hydrogen embrittlement at 240 °C. That was because the Eb of Peak 2 H was lower than that of the local equilibrium condition of 117 kJ·mol−1 at 240 °C. These findings indicate that hydrogen diffusibility and embrittlement at a certain temperature can be determined by the local equilibrium condition. Hydrogen embrittlement at 240 °C was presumably caused by solid-solution hydrogen because hydrogen was not trapped at dislocations and grain boundaries, and vacancy-type defects formed by plastic strain were annihilated at 240 °C.
Ordered Growth of Substituted Phthalocyanine Thin Films:  Hexadecafluorophthalocyaninatozinc on Alkali Halide (100) and Microstructured Si Surfaces (2000)

Physical vapor deposition of hexadecafluorophthalocyaninatozinc (F16PcZn) is performed under UHV conditions from monolayer coverages to an average thickness of about 20 nm on the (100) surfaces of NaCl, KCl, and KBr and on quartz glass as well as on microstructured interdigitated electrode arrays on amorphous SiO2. UV−vis absorption spectroscopy indicates stacks of cofacial parallel molecules for thin films on SiO2 and NaCl, whereas a component typical for a head-to-tail arrangement of molecules is detected on KCl and KBr. Atomic force microscopy shows well-defined crystals oriented in a defined azimuth angle relative to the substrate lattice on KCl and KBr, indicating a growth in molecular square lattices parallel to the substrate surface which is confirmed by molecular mechanics and periodic surface potential calculations. Plateaus of molecules predominantly standing upright on the surface are seen for the films on NaCl and SiO2 which is confirmed by the relative intensity of optical absorptions and by the electrical conductivity changes observed during growth on SiO2. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of films on SiO2 yields an increase of the thermal activation energy around 200 °C corresponding to a loss in spectral fine structure as reported earlier [J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 3078]. A clear correlation is seen between film structure and electrical as well as optical properties of molecular semiconductor thin films.
Codon usage and mistranslation. In vivo basal level misreading of the MS2 coat protein message. (1983)

The coat protein of the small RNA virus MS2 shows charge heterogeneity in vivo. In most strains there is a basic satellite of the native protein. We have shown that this basic satellite is greatly diminished or absent in strains with the streptomycin-resistant allele, rpsL, a mutation which leads to increased translational accuracy. Further, the satellite is present in cells where the coat protein is encoded by duplex DNA. Tryptic digests of the satellite show that it contains new lysine-containing peptides which appear to be the same as those found in derivatives of coat protein which have a lysine for asparagine substitution. Sequencing of the NH2-terminal 19 amino acids of the satellite protein shows that the asparagine codon AAU at amino acid 12 is misread approximately 8 times more frequently than the AAC at amino acid 3. We conclude that the satellite species is the result of basal level lysine for asparagine substitution. These substitutions are most likely caused by preferential misreading of AAU codons at a frequency of approximately 5 X 10(-3), 10-fold higher than the average error frequency.
Table S3 from XIAP Regulation by MNK Links MAPK and NFκB Signaling to Determine an Aggressive Breast Cancer Phenotype (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene expression profiles identified 933 differentially expressed genes between control and wtXIAP tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Antibacterial properties of contemporary dental luting agents (2012)

INTRODUCTION: In prosthetic dentistry, acidbase reacting or self-etching cements are used to fixate crowns and bridgeworks onto supporting teeth. In addition to biocompatibility, mechanical integrity and good handling properties, effective dental cements should also inhibit caries or plaque formation. Restoration failures are most often caused by secondary caries [1], developing in small gaps or margins where bacteria can proliferate unhindered. Antibacterial properties of the cement thus becomes of critical importance to preserve the integrity of the restoration for as long as possible. The current study was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial properties of four commercially available dental cements (RelyXTM Unicem, KetacTM Cem, Ceramir® C&B and Harvard zinc phosphate cement) and two reference materials (glass-ionomer cement and calcium aluminate cement), compared to a negative control material (PMMA).
Timing Error Calibration in Time-Interleaved ADC by Sampling Clock Phase Adjustment (2007)

Timing error between sampling and holding (SZH) channels for Time-interleaved analog-to-digital converts (TiADCs) is caused by clock skew and RC (sampling resistance and capacitance) mismatch. This paper presents the measurement results of a prototype chip based on our previous work (Z. Liu et al., 2006), in which we showed timing error due to clock skew and RC mismatch can be calibrated simultaneously by adjusting the clock phase. The results show that the residue timing error can be reduce to 1-ps.
Application of microprogramming to medium scale computer design (1974)

The concept of microprogrammable architectures can provide the system designer with a powerful development tool. This paper describes the development process of a medium scale computer system, using a specific microprogrammable processor. The hardware architecture used in this system is referred to as the MPP (microprogrammable processor) while the resulting computer system is referred to as the MP-60.
PIKfyve-specific inhibitors restrict replication of multiple coronaviruses in vitro but not in a murine model of COVID-19 (2022)

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has claimed more than 6 million lives and continues to test the world economy and healthcare systems. To combat this pandemic, the biological research community has shifted efforts to the development of medical countermeasures, including vaccines and therapeutics. However, to date, the only small molecules approved for the treatment of COVID-19 in the United States are the nucleoside analogue Remdesivir and the protease inhibitor Paxlovid, though multiple compounds have received Emergency Use Authorization and many more are currently being tested in human efficacy trials. One such compound, Apilimod, is being considered as a COVID-19 therapeutic in a Phase II efficacy trial. However, at the time of writing, there are no published efficacy data in human trials or animal COVID-19 models. Here we show that, while Apilimod and other PIKfyve inhibitors have potent antiviral activity in various cell lines against multiple human coronaviruses, these compounds worsen disease in a COVID-19 murine model when given prophylactically or therapeutically.
Studies on Ristocetin Induced Platelet Aggregation (1977)

Human platelets washed and fixed in paraformaldehyde aggregate in the presence of the antibiotic ristocetin and normal plasma. This aggregation response is abolished after digestion of the fixed platelets with chymotrypsin. Antisera to fixed washed platelets were produced in rabbits and absorbed with chymotrypsin-treated, fixed washed platelets. Monovalent Fab fragments obtained from the isolated γ-globulin fractions of the antisera blocked ristocetin-induced aggregation of fixed washed platelets in buffer and normal platelets in platelet-rich plasma. By double-antibody immunoprecipitation, it was shown that the antibody which blocked the ristocetin reaction interacted with a platelet membrane surface protein of mol.wt.155,000. Partially purified preparations of membrane glycoprotein I obtained from wheat germ affinity columns block the ristocetin reaction. The results suggest that the glycoprotein I complex on the surface of the human platelet mediates ristocetin-induced von Willebrand factor-dependent platelet aggregation.
[Sharper diagnostic tool the future promise of laser-assisted microdissection]. (2002)

The paper describes the use of laser-assisted microdissection to retrieve microscopically defined cell populations including single cells from tissue sections for subsequent analysis of genomic DNA and mRNA. A general background is given on the techniques available and requirements for PCR based on minute templates. Different pre-PCR approaches are briefly described and possibilities and limitations of using archival material compared to fresh frozen tissue are discussed. In the article we give one example on how we have used the PALM laser microscopy system in combination with a nested, multiplex PCR system to analyze single normal keratinocytes as well as tumor cells from a case of basal cell cancer. We found that p53 mutations are common in normal, chronically sun-exposed skin. Widespread yet common mutations in the p53 gene that were unrelated to immunoreactivity for the p53 antibody were found in tumor cells. In addition there were rare mutations in occasional tumor cells that apparently did not result in selective growth advantage. Perspectives for the future are presented and the potential of laser assisted microdissection is highlighted within the fields of cancer research, developmental studies as well as studies of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. The combination of a method that allows careful selection of defined cells with powerful micro array based techniques, provides a setting with potential to uncover pathogenic mechanisms for large variety of human diseases.
HDAC7 regulates histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation and transcriptional activity at super-enhancer-associated genes in breast cancer stem cells (2019)

Chromatin regulation through histone modifications plays an essential role in coordinated expression of multiple genes. Alterations in chromatin induced by histone modifiers and readers regulate critical transcriptional programs involved in both normal development and tumor differentiation. Recently, we identified that histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC7 are necessary to maintain cancer stem cells (CSCs) in both breast and ovarian tumors. Here, we sought to investigate the CSC-specific function of HDAC1 and HDAC7 mechanistically by using a stem-like breast cancer (BrCa) cell model BPLER and matched nonstem tumor cell (nsTC)-like HMLER, along with conventional BrCa cell lines with different CSC enrichment levels. We found that HDAC1 and HDAC3 inhibition or knockdown results in HDAC7 downregulation, which is associated with a decrease in histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at transcription start sites (TSS) and super-enhancers (SEs) prominently in stem-like BrCa cells. Importantly, these changes in chromatin landscape also correlate with the repression of many SE-associated oncogenes, including c-MYC, CD44, CDKN1B, SLUG, VDR, SMAD3, VEGFA, and XBP1. In stem-like BrCa cells, HDAC7 binds near TSS and to SEs of these oncogenes where it appears to contribute to both H3K27ac and transcriptional regulation. These results suggest that HDAC7 inactivation, directly or through inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC3, can result in the inhibition of the CSC phenotype by downregulating multiple SE-associated oncogenes. The CSC selective nature of this mechanism and the prospect of inhibiting multiple oncogenes simultaneously makes development of HDAC7 specific inhibitors a compelling objective.
PixelGAN Autoencoders (2017)

In this paper, we describe the "PixelGAN autoencoder", a generative autoencoder in which the generative path is a convolutional autoregressive neural network on pixels (PixelCNN) that is conditioned on a latent code, and the recognition path uses a generative adversarial network (GAN) to impose a prior distribution on the latent code. We show that different priors result in different decompositions of information between the latent code and the autoregressive decoder. For example, by imposing a Gaussian distribution as the prior, we can achieve a global vs. local decomposition, or by imposing a categorical distribution as the prior, we can disentangle the style and content information of images in an unsupervised fashion. We further show how the PixelGAN autoencoder with a categorical prior can be directly used in semi-supervised settings and achieve competitive semi-supervised classification results on the MNIST, SVHN and NORB datasets.
Back Cover: Identification of grain boundaries as degradation site in n-channel organic field-effect transistors determined via conductive atomic force microscopy (Phys. Status Solidi RRL 4/2016) (2016)

No abstract is available for this article.
Legal and Ethical Considerations for the Design and Use of Web Portals for Researchers, Clinicians, and Patients: Scoping Literature Review (2021)

We identified 5 important legal and ethical challenges: privacy and confidentiality, patient health literacy, equity, training, and decision-making. We contend that each of these has meaningful implications for the increased integration of web portals into clinical care.