gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acoustic hemostasis of porcine superficial femoral artery: Simulation and in-vivo experimental studies (2012)

In-vivo focused ultrasound studies were computationally simulated and conducted experimentally with the aim of occluding porcine superficial femoral arteries (SFA) via thermal coagulation. A multi-array HIFU applicator was used which electronically scanned multiple beam foci around the target point. The spatio-temporally averaged acoustic and temperature fields were simulated in a fluid dynamics and acousto-thermal finite element model with representative tissue fields, including muscle, vessel and blood. Simulations showed that with an acoustic power of 200W and a dose time of 60s, perivascular tissue reached 91°C; and yet blood reached a maximum 59°C, below the coagulation objective for this dose regime (75°C). Per simulations, acoustic-streaming induced velocity in blood reached 6.1cm/s. In in-vivo experiments, several arteries were treated. As simulated, thermal lesions were observed in muscle surrounding SFA in all cases. In dosing limited to 30 to 60 seconds, it required 257W to provide occlusion (one complete and one partial occlusion). Angiography and histology showed evidence of thrombogenesis and collagen shrinkage-based vessel constriction at these doses.
Robotically-Aligned Optical Coherence Tomography with Gaze Tracking for Live Image Montaging of the Retina (2022)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized diagnostics in ophthalmology. However, it requires pa-tient cooperation to fixate on multiple targets and stabilize their head utilizing both chin and forehead rests. Patient cooperation is particularly important for image montaging, where patients are asked to fixate on multiple targets to sequentially image different regions of interest on the retina. These individual volumes are then combined into a single large field of view volume. To automate the OCT image acquisition process, we previously developed a robot-mounted OCT scanner that auto-aligned with the retinal region of interest while compensating for subject motion. We utilized this system to self-align at multiple regions-of-interest and acquire stabilized volumes. We then montaged volume projections into a larger field of view image. The system tracked the 3D location of the subject's eye as well as their gaze orientation using a combination of face and pupil tracking cameras. We demonstrated automated OCT acquisition for live image montaging on free-standing subjects and evaluated the consistency of our live volumetric mapping on human subject data. Our results demonstrate that the system not only stabilized images, but also provided sufficient control of region-of-interest specific alignment to automatically acquire and montage OCT images, synthetically increasing the system's field of view by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$20^{\circ}$</tex> .
Avicholic Acid: A Lead Compound from Birds on the Route to Potent TGR5 Modulators (2012)

Grounding on our former 3D QSAR studies, a knowledge-based screen of natural bile acids from diverse animal species has led to the identification of avicholic acid as a selective but weak TGR5 agonist. Chemical modifications of this compound resulted in the disclosure of 6α-ethyl-16-epi-avicholic acid that shows enhanced potency at TGR5 and FXR receptors. The synthesis, biological appraisals, and structure-activity relationships of this series of compounds are herein described. Moreover, a thorough physicochemical characterization of 6α-ethyl-16-epi-avicholic acid as compared to naturally occurring bile acids is reported and discussed.
Time-variant channel characteristics at 20-GHz band in urban street canyon environment (2017)

This paper presents time-variant channel characteristics at the 20-GHz band for line of sight (LoS) scenarios in an urban street canyon environment. A measurement campaign is conducted using a channel sounder for the 20-GHz band with a 50-MHz-bandwidth orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal. A uniform planar array (UPA) in a 16-by-16 matrix is used on the receiver side to measure time-variant power delay profiles and the azimuth/elevation angle of departure (AoD/EoD). The measurement results show that the correlation values of the standard deviation (std) of the delay spread (DS), azimuth spread of departure angles (ASD), elevation spread of departure angles (ESD), and transmission distances are 0.78, 0.22, and 0.78, respectively. Moreover, the correlation value of the std and average of the DS is high at approximately 0.98. However, the correlation value of the std and average of the ASD, and that for the ESD are low at approximately 0.04 and 0.55, respectively.
Elucidating charge transport mechanisms in cellulose-stabilized graphene inks (2020)

Solution-processed graphene inks that use ethyl cellulose as a polymer stabilizer are blade-coated into large-area thin films. Following blade-coating, the graphene thin films are cured to pyrolyze the cellulosic polymer, leaving behind an sp<sup>2</sup>-rich amorphous carbon residue that serves as a binder in addition to facilitating charge transport between graphene flakes. Systematic charge transport measurements, including temperature-dependent Hall effect and non-contact microwave resonant cavity characterization, reveal that the resulting electrically percolating graphene thin films possess high mobility (≈ 160 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>), low energy gap, and thermally activated charge transport, which develop weak localization behavior at cryogenic temperatures.
Vaccination Utilizing the FimCH Complex As a Strategy to PreventEscherichia coliUrinary Tract Infections (2001)

Eseherichia coli are the main causative agents of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and account for >85% of cases of acute cystitis and pyelonephritis, >60% of recurrent cystitis, and at least 35% of recurrent pyelonephritis [1]. The reservoir for uropathogenic E. coli is fecal flora, from which bacteria spread to the urogenital mucosa, ascend into the bladder, and adhere to bladder epithelium. Once established in the bladder, the bacteria multiply and establish a local infection (cystitis) and may further ascend to involve the ureters and kidneys (pyelonephritis). While many factors contribute to the acquisition and progression of E. coli UTI, colonization of the urogenital tract by pathogenic bacteria appears to be a prerequisite for disease [2]. One promising strategy for the prevention of UTI is the development of a vaccine that targets the mechanism(s) by which uropathogens adhere to bladder epithelial cells.
Modélisation 2D en champ complet de la croissance de grains dans les aciers ODS : level-set versus Monte-Carlo (2017)

International audience
The inhibition of neoplastic cell proliferation with human natural tumor necrosis factor. (1987)

Purified human natural tumor necrosis factor (n-TNF) was prepared by stimulating human leukemic B cell line (BALL-1) with Sendai virus. The colony formations of all of 18 human cancer-derived abnormal cell lines were suppressed by 10(1)-10(6) U/ml of n-TNF, while n-TNF was nontoxic to all human normal fibroblast cells. This in vitro inhibition of cell growth was reversible. In breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cells treated with n-TNF a specific decrease of DNA synthesis was observed, and DNA histograms showed a block at G1 in the cell cycle. In vivo studies revealed that n-TNF suppressed the tumor growth of murine Meth A sarcoma, human renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN), malignant melanoma (SK-MEL-28) and glioblastoma (U-373 MG). Isobologram analysis showed that n-TNF synergistically inhibited cell growth in combination with human natural interferon (IFN)-a. In vivo synergism of n-TNF and IFN-a was also found in the U-373 MG tumor model implanted into nude mice.
A platinum–nickel bimetallic nanocluster ensemble-on-polyaniline nanofilm for enhanced electrocatalytic oxidation of dopamine (2020)

We report a new approach to design flexible functional material platforms based on electropolymerized polyaniline (PANI) polymer nanofilms modified with bimetallic nanoclusters (NCs) for efficient electro-oxidation of small organic molecules. Composition defined ligand free Pt<sub>0.75</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub> NCs were synthesized in the gas phase using the Cluster Beam Deposition (CBD) technology and characterized using RToF, HAADF-STEM, XAFS and XPS. NCs were then directly deposited on PANI coated templates to construct electrodes. Dopamine (DP) molecules were used as a representative organic analyte and the influence of the NC-PANI hybrid atomistic structure on the electrochemical and electrocatalytic performance was investigated. The as prepared, nearly monodispersed, Pt<sub>0.75</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub> NCs of ca. 2 nm diameter featuring a PtOx surface combined with a shallow platelet-like Ni-O(OH) phase formed a densely packed active surface on PANI at ultralow metal coverages. Electrochemical measurements (EIS and CV) show a 2.5 times decrease in charge transfer resistance and a remarkable 6-fold increase at lower potential in the mass activity for Pt<sub>0.75</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub> NCs in comparison with their pure Pt counterparts. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the Pt<sub>0.75</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub> NC hybrid's interface is ascribed to the formation of mixed Pt metal and Ni-O(OH) phases at the surface of the alloyed PtNi cores of the bimetallic NCs under electrochemical conditions combined with an efficient charge conduction pathway between NCs.
Active Voltage Balancing of Integrated Modular Drive with Series DC-Link Capacitors (2020)

In order to reduce the size and weight of transmission cables, high direct current (DC) bus voltage is desired for electrical machine drives used in the hybrid powertrains of more-electric aircraft (MEA). An integrated modular machine drive (IMMD) with DC-link capacitors connected in series is adopted to break down the supply voltage for each drive unit. With lower electrical stress, partial discharge (PD) risks at high altitudes can be significantly reduced. This paper deals with the challenge of active DC-link voltage balancing control in a megawatt-level integrated modular machine drives. Voltage closed-loop control is developed under the challenges of high electrical frequency and limited switching frequency. The impact of drive unit count and component parameter variations has been investigated, highlighting the design tradeoffs of the IMMD with series DC-link capacitors.
Wireless Power Transfer in the Radiative Near Field (2016)

A scheme for wireless power transfer (WPT) in the radiative near-field (Fresnel) region is presented. The proposed Fresnel WPT scheme is designed to focus microwaves to a diffraction-limited region where a detector can be positioned, achieving reasonably high power transfer efficiency over moderate distances. The configuration consists of transmit and receive microstrip patch array antennas, with the receiving antenna connected to a power-harvesting half-wave rectifier (rectenna). Fresnel region operation enables the fields radiated by the transmitting aperture to be localized both in range and cross-range. Using Fresnel region focusing, we achieve an increase of 66.8% in the amount of received power when compared to the performance of a conventional beamforming array. We also demonstrate the efficiency improvement by powering an LED using the on-axis and off-axis focusing configurations.
Auction implementation problems using Lagrangian relaxation (1999)

Lagrangian relaxation (LR) is used as an auction method for bidding in a deregulated environment. This paper focuses on the problems that occur while using LR as an auction method. Identical or similar units can prevent LR from finding the optimal solution. If the units are similar, LR may have trouble selecting some of them for the optimal solution. A feasible solution may thus not be found. Since a heuristic selection of which unit data to alter has to be applied, this is inequitable to the unit(s) not selected and may result in lawsuit(s). Because the dispatcher has to use heuristic selection, there is no "fair" solution to these problems. The authors suggest previously published methods to implement auctions. Sensitivity analysis has also been applied in this paper to show that the percentage difference of similarity between units may affect the solution found.
Stripe Geometry Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes at 305 Nanometers Using Quaternary AlInGaN Multiple Quantum Wells (2001)

An ultraviolet light emitting diode with quaternary AlInGaN/AlInGaN multiple quantum wells and peak emission wavelength at 305 nanometers (nm) is reported for the first time. The peak emission wavelength can be tuned from 305 nm to 340 nm by varying the alloy compositions of the quaternary AlInGaN active layers using a pulse atomic layer epitaxy process. At 340 nm, for a 20 µm×1000 µm stripe geometry device an output power as high as 1 mW was measured from the sapphire substrate side.
Some Insights on the Stochastic Nature of Knock and the Evolution of Hot Spots in the End-Gas During the Engine Cycle from Experimental Measurements of Knock Onset and Knock Intensity (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Knock in spark ignition engines is stochastic in nature. It is caused by autoignition in hot spots in the unburned end-gas ahead of the expanding flame front. Knock onset in an engine cycle can be predicted using the Livengood-Wu integral if the variation of ignition delay with pressure and temperature as well as the pressure and temperature variation with crank angle are known. However, knock intensity (&lt;i&gt;KI&lt;/i&gt;) is determined by the evolution of the pressure wave following knock onset. In an earlier paper (SAE 2017-01-0689) we showed that &lt;i&gt;KI&lt;/i&gt; can be approximated by &lt;i&gt;KI&lt;/i&gt; = &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;∂T/∂x&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; at a fixed operating condition, where &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; is a function of &lt;i&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;ko&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, the pressure, and (&lt;i&gt;∂T/∂x&lt;/i&gt;) is the temperature gradient in the hot spot at knock onset. Then, from experimental measurements of &lt;i&gt;KI&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;ko&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, using five different fuels, with the engine operating at boosted conditions, a probability density function for (&lt;i&gt;∂T/∂x&lt;/i&gt;) was established. In this paper the knock data for two other non-boosted operating conditions for the same fuels at the same engine speed in the same engine are analyzed. The crank angle at knock onset for a given fuel is more advanced at these two new conditions because of the more advanced spark timing needed to obtain knock, and this enables some insights to be gained on how the hot spots evolve during an engine cycle. With increasing crank angle, the mean absolute value of (&lt;i&gt;∂T/∂x&lt;/i&gt;) decreases and its distribution narrows. This is consistent with a simple picture that at the start of compression in the engine cycle there is a wide distribution of scales in the turbulent temperature field and the mean temperature gradient is large but conditions become more homogenized with time (crank angle). The paper presents distributions in terms of normalized counts in histograms for other parameters related to knock onset as well as knock intensity which might be of use in modeling knock stochastically.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Characterization of a protein S assay measuring the APC cofactor activity / Charakterisierung eines APC-Kofaktor basierten Protein S-Aktivitätstests (2007)

Abstract The Protein S Ac activity assay is based on the role of protein S as a cofactor to activated protein C (APC). Tests performed on three coagulation analyzers were studied to determine assay performance characteristics. The overall mean imprecision was 5.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% for within-run coefficient of variation (CV), run-to-run CV and total CV, respectively. A total of 239 sample results yielded a correlation to the STA Protein S Clotting assay of r=0.92 (slope=0.96). A group of patients with APC resistance and additional underlying conditions, such as oral contraception, oral anticoagulation, pregnancy and recurrent thrombosis showed pathologically low protein S values with activity assays as well as with free antigen assays. To differentiate between the effects of APC resistance and other influencing factors, samples from healthy blood donors with APC resistance were measured with both assay types. Based on comparison of antigen and activity results, it can be concluded that APC resistance lowers protein S activity values by approximately 15% (rel.). No interference was observed from physiologically relevant concentration of factor V, factor VIII, triglycerides, hemoglobin, bilirubin and heparin (low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin). When samples are to be frozen, double centrifugation is the best procedure to reduce the platelet count. The stability of the sample was at least 4 h at room temperature, regardless of whether fresh or frozen samples were tested. Freezing had no observable effect on samples stored for up to 12 months at −70°C.
A novel source for miR-21 expression through the alternative polyadenylation of VMP1 gene transcripts (2012)

miR-21 is the most commonly over-expressed microRNA (miRNA) in cancer and a proven oncogene. Hsa-miR-21 is located on chromosome 17q23.2, immediately downstream of the vacuole membrane protein-1 (VMP1) gene, also known as TMEM49. VMP1 transcripts initiate ∼ 130 kb upstream of miR-21, are spliced, and polyadenylated only a few hundred base pairs upstream of the miR-21 hairpin. On the other hand, primary miR-21 transcripts (pri-miR-21) originate within the last introns of VMP1, but bypass VMP1 polyadenylation signals to include the miR-21 hairpin. Here, we report that VMP1 transcripts can also bypass these polyadenylation signals to include miR-21, thus providing a novel and independently regulated source of miR-21, termed VMP1-miR-21. Northern blotting, gene-specific RT-PCR, RNA pull-down and DNA branching assays support that VMP1-miR-21 is expressed at significant levels in a number of cancer cell lines and that it is processed by the Microprocessor complex to produce mature miR-21. VMP1 and pri-miR-21 are induced by common stimuli, such as phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and androgens, but show differential responses to some stimuli such as epigenetic modifying agents. Collectively, these results indicate that miR-21 is a unique miRNA capable of being regulated by alternative polyadenylation and two independent gene promoters.
Arc- discharge Light Detection Using Fluorescent Plastic Optical Fiber in SF_6 Gas (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Kurosawa, T. Sowa, K. Tanaka, and Y. Yamada, "Arc– discharge Light Detection Using Fluorescent Plastic Optical Fiber in SF6 Gas," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OWC27. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Optical Fiber Amplifiers and Their Applications. Hybrid Er-Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Wavelength-Division Multiplexing Transmission Systems. (1997)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) featuring a spectrally flattened gain is considered to be one of the most important key devices for the wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems. For this purpose, we have developed hybrid EDFs composed of Al doped EDF and P/Al co-doped EDF and examined their characteristics comparing with the conventional EDFs and those with passive gain equalizers. As a result, hybrid EDFs have been shown to exhibit both a flat gain and high pumping efficiency, but their noise characteristics tends to be worse than conventional EDF configurations. Thus a midway isolator should be inserted. As a result of the design optimization, three-section hybrid EDF configuration has been proposed, and three types of EDFAs have been developed employing this configuration for use as in-line amplifiers or preamplifiers. All types exhibit the passband spanning about 15nm.
Increasing Assimilate Reserves Does Not Prevent Kernel Abortion at Low Water Potential in Maize (1994)

Water deficits during anthesis cause maize ( Zea mays L.) kernels to abort soon after fertilization. Inhibition of photosynthesis accounts for much of the kernel loss, but lack of assimilate reserves might also limit kernel development. We tested whether varying the level of C and N reserves prior to anthesis affected kernel set of plants pollinated at low water potential (Ψ v ). Plants were grown in sand/soil media in pots in the field under one of three light environments: Control, 75‐cm rows, 4.3 plants m −2 ; Shade, same as Control except under 55% shade cloth from V6 until maturity; or Isolated, 122‐cm rows, 0.7 plants m −2 . These treatments produced a 3.3‐fold range in total extractable carbohydrate (TEC) and a 1.7‐fold range in total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) per plant at silk emergence. Water was withheld at silk emergence and plants were pollinated by hand with excess pollen 4 d later when silk Ψ w was = −1.1 MPa, leaf Ψ w was = −1.8 MPa, and photosynthesis was completely inhibited. Plants were rewatered 2 d after pollination and remained well watered until physiological maturity. The brief water deficit decreased kernels per ear by 45% in the Controls, 72% in the Shade treatment, and 49% in the Isolated treatment. Lower kernel set in the Shade treatment was associated with low levels of TEC and TKN in the vegetative stalk, leaves, and reproductive stalk, compared with Control plants. However, accumulation of TEC and TKN in excess of Control values in the Isolated plants did not prevent kernel loss. Kernel set in all three treatments was more closely related to the rate of photosynthesis prior to imposing the water deficit than to the level of reserves accumulated prior to flowering. These results suggest that selection for high levels of reserves at pollination will not improve kernel set at low Ψ w in maize.
Identification of an active metabolite of PAR-1 antagonist RWJ-58259 and synthesis of analogues to enhance its metabolic stability (2016)

The discontinuation of PAR-1 antagonist RWJ-58259 beyond use as a biological probe is most likely due to it's short half-life in vivo. However, retention of significant in vivo activity beyond the point where most of the RWJ-58259 had been consumed implies the generation of an active metabolite. Herein we describe the biological activity of a predicted metabolite of RWJ-58259 and the synthesis of analogues designed to enhance the metabolic stability of RWJ-58259.
mBio ’s First Birthday (2011)

The 2011 ASM General Meeting in New Orleans will mark the first-year anniversary of the official launching of mBio . It has been a remarkable year that witnessed the growth and success of the first ASM open-access online-only general-type journal.

Since its launch, mBio has published 100 articles, of which 51 were contributed by members of the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) through the direct contribution track (1). The support of mBio by AAM members has been a critical element in the initial success of the journal, as Academy members have provided a constant stream of superb papers that helped establish a high standard for scientific excellence.

mBio has achieved many indexing successes in its first year. mBio is now indexed in at least 36 journal indexes, including Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents/Life Sciences, Directory …