gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Symmetry-protected transport in a pseudospin-polarized waveguide (2015)

If a system possesses a spin or pseudospin, which is locked to the linear momentum, spin-polarized states can exhibit backscattering-immune transport if the scatterer does not flip the spin. Good examples of such systems include electronic and photonic topological insulators. For electromagnetic waves, such pseudospin states can be achieved in metamaterials with very special artificial symmetries; however, these bulk photonic topological insulators are usually difficult to fabricate. Here we propose a paradigm in which the pseudospin is enforced simply by imposing special boundary conditions inside a channel. The symmetry-protected pseudospin states are guided in air and no bulk material is required. We also show that the special boundary conditions can be implemented simply using an array of metallic conductors, resulting in spin-filtered waveguide with a simple structure and a broad working bandwidth. We generate several conceptual designs, and symmetry-protected pseudospin transport in the microwave regime is experimentally indicated.
Photoluminescence from sharp gold tips (2003)

The properties of photoluminescence from gold nanostructures is studied with one and two-photon excitation. By using a tip, the signal is studied spectroscopically under well-defined conditions.
Lipopolythioureas:  A New Non-Cationic System for Gene Transfer (2007)

A DNA-transfection protocol has been developed that makes use of thiourea non-cationic synthetic lipid, N-[1,3-bis(carbamothioylamino)propan-2-yl]-2-(dialkycarbamoylmethoxy)acetamide. It was found that these new compounds could be formulated without helper lipid and that the N-decanoyl and N-lauryl derivatives transfected B16 cells in the presence of serum with an efficiency at the same level as cationic lipids, under identical conditions. In vivo transfection using intratumoral injection was also investigated. It was found that compounds 18c and 19 showed an efficiency of the same magnitude as naked DNA and cationic lipid.
Characterization of Lactobacillus bulgaricus Bacteriophage ch2 (1988)

Bacteriophage ch2, a virulent bacteriophage of Lactobacillus bulgaricus CH2, was characterized according to its morphology, genome size, structural proteins, and growth kinetics. Electron micrographs revealed that bacteriophage ch2 has an icosahedral head of 50-nm diameter and a long tail of 170 nm. Its genome is linear and 35 kilobases in length, and its structural proteins consist of two major and eight minor proteins. One-step growth kinetics of bacteriophage ch2 under optimal conditions (45 degrees C in MRS medium [Oxoid Ltd.]) showed that the latent time was 40 min, the rise period was 15 min, and the burst size was 130 bacteriophages per cell. To monitor the effects of bacteriophage infection on host growth and beta-galactosidase production, the absorbance of the culture and the beta-galactosidase activity were followed during the infection cycle. Before lysis the infected culture continued to grow and produce beta-galactosidase at the same rate as the uninfected culture.
Ratio of Jet Cross Sections ats=630GeV and 1800 GeV (2001)

The D0 Collaboration has measured the inclusive jet cross section in barpp collisions at square root of s = 630 GeV. The results for pseudorapidities (eta)<0.5 are combined with our previous results at square root of s = 1800 GeV to form a ratio of cross sections with smaller uncertainties than either individual measurement. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions show excellent agreement with the measurement at 630 GeV; agreement is also satisfactory for the ratio. Specifically, despite a 10% to 15% difference in the absolute magnitude, the dependence of the ratio on jet transverse momentum is very similar for data and theory.
Advances in Contour Crafting Technology for Extraterrestrial Settlement Infrastructure Buildup (2013)

Several unique systems including the Lunar Electric Rover, the unpressurized Chariot rover, the versatile light-weight crane and Athlete cargo transporter as well as the habitat module mockups and a new generation of spacesuits are undergoing coordinated tests at NASA’s facility for Desert Research and Test Studies (D-RATS). A synergetic simulation plan is proposed for utilizing these maturing systems coupled with a unique, patented robotic fabrication technology called Contour Crafting, tailored for swift and reliable lunar infrastructure development. Landing pads, roads, shade walls and thermal and micrormeteoritic shield and other unpressurized structures that make up a majority of the initial lunar settlement infrastructure may be built using this technology, fully utilizing InSitu Resource Utilization(ISRU) strategy. The intent is to increase astronaut safety, improve buildup performance, ameliorate lunar dust interference and concerns, and reduce time-tocommission, all in an economic manner.
Deep eutectit solvents : properties and biocatalytic applications (2015)

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged over the last decade as a novel class of ionic liquids (ILs). In its broadest sense, DESs are usually formed by mixing a quaternary ammonium salt (typically choline chloride and derivatives) with hydrogen bond donor molecules such as amines, amides, alcohols, carboxylic acids, sugars or polyols. The mixing of these two components upon gentle heating and in a specific molar ratio leads to a depression of the melting point, resulting in most of the cases in a liquid at room temperature. DESs share several properties with conventional ILs (e.g. similar conductivities, polarities, viscosities, densities, surface tensions, refractive indexes, chemical inertness, etc.) and they are usually cheap due to the relatively inexpensive components and their simple synthesis, where no waste is produced and no further purification steps are needed. Furthermore, DESs’ components are often biodegradable and non-toxic. The first part of this PhD Thesis focused on the synthesis of novel bio-based DESs using choline chloride and, as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), several carboxylic acids and some saccharide-derived polyols. The novel DESs were characterized by measuring melting points, pH, water contents and viscosities. Likewise, kinetic studies on water absorption were conducted and solubilities in protic and aprotic organic solvents assessed. DESs were able to solve protic compounds (e.g. alcohols) whereas a second phase was formed with aprotic compounds (e.g. ketones, esters). Based on this property a novel procedure to separate mixtures of alcohol-ester, alcohol-ketone and amine-ketone was established, leading in most of the studied cases to 70-90% of efficiency and 90-99% of purity of the separated compounds. The second part of this PhD Thesis focused on various biocatalytic applications in these solvents. Several reactions were assessed (such as transesterifications, enantioselective epoxidations, peptide syntheses, carboligations and reductions) by using isolated enzymes (Candida antarctica lipase B, alpha-chymotrypsin from bovine pancreas, benzaldehyde lyase from Pseudomonas fluorescens) and whole cells (baker’s yeast). In most of the reported cases DESs were compatible with those biocatalysts, even despite the denaturing behavior of strong hydrogen bond donors towards proteins (e.g. urea). The amount of water present in the reaction mixture resulted to be critical, analogous to observations done in other non conventional media. For each reaction and enzyme the most suitable DES was identified.
A novel crosstalk between two major protein degradation systems (2013)

Eukaryotes have two major intracellular protein degradation pathways, namely the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Inhibition of proteasomal activities has been previously shown to induce autophagy, indicating a coordinated and complementary relationship between these two systems. However, little is known about the regulation of the UPS by autophagy. In this study, we showed for the first time that proteasomes were activated in response to pharmacological inhibition of autophagy as well as disruption of autophagy-related genes by RNA interference under nutrient-deficient conditions in cultured human colon cancer cells. The induction was evidenced by the increased proteasomal activities and the upregulation of proteasomal subunits, including the proteasome β5 subunit, PSMB5. Co-inhibition of the proteasome and autophagy also synergistically increased the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins. Collectively, our findings suggest that proteasomes are activated in a compensatory manner for protein degradation upon autophagy inhibition. Our studies unveiled a novel regulatory mechanism between the two protein degradation pathways.
Robust Position Control of End-Effector Considering Gear Stiffness and Arm Stiffness for Industrial Robot (2007)

Industrial robot with two-inertia model and resonant vibration suppression by using parameters from resonant identification method are addressed in this paper. By using only D-PD control with vibration suppression scheme for two-inertia model of flexible joint robot, the end-effector position does not perfectly reach the desired position owing to the effect of external force to the elastic arm. However, only gear stiffness parameter of two-inertia model is not enough, the new equivalent spring constant parameter including the stiffness of link and gear of the robot is introduced as the total arm spring constant. The novel load-side disturbance compensation considering total arm elasticity is proposed in this paper. The proposed control system is based on inner-loop vibration suppression feedback control and load-side disturbance suppression which motivates the simple consideration of the elastic joint under external torque. Moreover, the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed robust position control of end-effector with disturbance compensation considering total arm stiffness. The experimentation on workspace impedance control with inner-loop disturbance suppression implementing on the three degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) robot manipulator is also presented and discussed. The performance and feasibility of the proposed position control of end-effector is confirmed to apply to industrial robot manipulator without additional device.
Somigliana Coordinates: an elasticity-derived approach for cage deformation (2023)

In this paper, we present a novel cage deformer based on elasticity-derived matrix-valued coordinates. In order to bypass the typical shearing artifacts and lack of volume control of existing cage deformers, we promote a more elastic behavior of the cage deformation by deriving our coordinates from the Somigliana identity, a boundary integral formulation based on the fundamental solution of linear elasticity. Given an initial cage and its deformed pose, the deformation of the cage interior is deduced from these Somigliana coordinates via a corotational scheme, resulting in a matrix-weighted combination of both vertex positions and face normals of the cage. Our deformer thus generalizes Green coordinates, while producing physically-plausible spatial deformations that are invariant under similarity transformations and with interactive bulging control. We demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of our method through a series of examples in 2D and 3D.
[Increase in the generation of superoxide radicals and in the inhibitory effect on Yoshida sarcoma of anthracycline antitumor agents by ultrasound]. (1989)

The antitumor effects of ultrasonic (US) irradiation in combination with the administration of an anthracycline drug, such as adriamycin and THP-adriamycin, were investigated from a viewpoint of the generation of superoxide radicals (SOR). In the in vitro experiments, the generation of SOR by US irradiation was measured by the amount of cytochrome c reduced. The addition of the drug stimulated the generation of SOR by US irradiation. In the in vivo experiments, Donryu rats inoculated subcutaneously by Yoshida sarcoma were treated with US irradiation in combination with the drug. During US irradiation, the temperature of the rat tissue irradiated was kept below 37 degrees C to avoid thermal effects. To know the optimum timing of US irradiation after the administration of the drug, the drug concentrations in the tumor and blood were determined and the time course of drug concentrations was analyzed pharmacokinetically. The effects of drugs and/or US irradiation showed antitumor activity judged by the growth of the tumor size or the survival time of rats. The combination treatments of US irradiation with the drug marked additional or synergistic effects on Yoshida sarcoma. Considering the relationship between the antitumor effect in vivo and the generation of SOR in vitro, the increase of anti-tumor effect of US irradiation by the anthracycline drug may be caused by the stimulation of the generation of SOR.
Automatic Story Evolution Wikification from Social Data (2018)

We present the generation of a new and dynamic data asset that captures the evolution of a story from different perspectives. In contrast to news articles that are ranked by relevance and freshness in a search engine or a static Wikipedia article that provides an overview of the event or topic, our solution consists of the automatic construction of a wiki-like document that highlights the salient items of a topic as it evolves over time, with related pivots that allow the user to explore related stories. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by processing a dataset comprising millions of English language tweets generated over a one year period.
Cost-Effectiveness of Defibrillator Therapy or Amiodarone in Chronic Stable Heart Failure (2006)

Prophylactic use of single-lead, shock-only ICD therapy is economically attractive in patients with stable, moderately symptomatic heart failure with an ejection fraction < or = 35%, particularly those in NYHA class II, as long as the benefits of ICD therapy observed in the SCD-HeFT persist for at least 8 years.
Abstract LB-071: Kub5-Hera/RPRD1B controls CDK1 regulation and synthetic lethality to PARP1 inhibition (2015)

Abstract Aberrant CDK1 regulation induces impulsive proliferation as well as genomic and chromosomal instability in cancer cells. However, the mechanism of how CDK1 is regulated at the transcriptional level, especially under pathological conditions (e.g. cancer), remains elusive. Here, we show that Kub5-Hera (K-H), a known transcription termination factor, plays a novel role in promoting CDK1 transcription to mediate DNA repair and cellular response to PARP1 inhibition in various cancer cell lines. At the molecular level, we demonstrate via luciferase reporter assays and mutagenesis studies that K-H binds the phospho-Serine 2-containing C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Pol II, which is then recruited to the cell-cycle homology region (CHR) of the CDK1 promoter to efficiently stimulate CDK1 transcription. Mechanistically, the loss of K-H concomitantly reduces CDK1 mRNA/protein expression levels, which consequently compromises homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair due to the lack of BRCA1 phosphorylation for efficient function. Intriguingly, loss of K-H stimulates PARP1 activity needed for cancer cell survival. Genetic and pharmacological ablation of PARP1 activity in BRCA-proficient cells with aberrant K-H reduction leads to synthetic lethality, which is reversed by re-expression of wild-type K-H but not the mutant with attenuated RNAPII binding. The mechanistic insights gained from this study should lay foundation toward promising new tumor biology-based targets (i.e., K-H as a novel therapeutic target) and innovative strategies to reduce normal tissue toxicity, increase tumor control, and expand the use of PARP1 inhibitors (e.g., Rucaparib) against BRCA-proficient cancers with aberrant K-H loss. Citation Format: Edward A. Motea, Farjana Fattah, Ling Xiao, Luc Girard, Amy Rommel, Julio Morales, Praveen Patidar, Andrew Porter, John Minna, David Boothman. Kub5-Hera/RPRD1B controls CDK1 regulation and synthetic lethality to PARP1 inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-071. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-071
Cross-layer modeling of adaptive wireless links for QoS support in multimedia networks (2004)

Wired-wireless multimedia networks require diverse quality-of-service (QoS) support. To this end, it is essential to rely on QoS metrics pertinent to wireless links. In this paper, we develop a cross-layer model for adaptive wireless links, which enables derivation of the desired QoS metrics analytically from the typical wireless parameters across the hardware-radio layer, the physical layer and the data link layer. We illustrate the advantages of our model: generality, simplicity, scalability and backward compatibility. Finally, we outline its applications to power control, TCP, UDP and bandwidth scheduling in wireless networks.
Reimbursement of Lumbar Decompression at an Orthopedic Specialty Hospital Versus Tertiary Referral Center (2021)

Significant financial savings to health systems can be expected when performing lumbar decompression surgery at a specialty hospital as opposed to a tertiary referral center. Patients who are appropriate candidates for surgery in an OSH can in turn expect faster perioperative times and shorter LOS.Level of Evidence: 3.
Metformin Inhibits Chemokine Expression Through the AMPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway (2018)

Inflammation is mediated by cytokines and chemokines, which are considered targets of inflammatory diseases. Mounting evidence has demonstrated the anti-inflammatory benefits of metformin. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we aim to elucidate the regulatory effects of metformin on chemokine expression and the possible mechanisms using RAW264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line, as a model. First, we treated the cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and found that the expression of CXCL10 and CXCL11 was markedly induced in a dose- and time-dependent fashion concurrent with the inhibition of AMPK activity. Then, we treated the cells with metformin, and analyzed the expression of CCL2, CXCL10, and CXCL11 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We observed that metformin prevented the stimulating effect of LPS on these chemokines as well as IL-1 and IL-6. Second, the inhibitory effects of metformin on LPS-induced chemokine expression were diminished by Compound C, a chemical inhibitor of AMPK. Finally, we investigated whether the NF-κB signaling pathway is regulated by metformin in this setting. Our results showed that metformin inhibited the phosphorylation of I-κBα and p65 while it activated AMPK. Therefore, the results suggest that metformin inhibits LPS-induced chemokine expression through the AMPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Measurement of Electrophotographic Ghosting. (2001)

This study shows that amputation should only be considered after all treatments have been tried and failed, since most participants reported improvements in aspects of their functioning over time.
All-Optical Switching in a Dual Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (2005)

We demonstrate all-optical switching at 1550nm in a photonic crystal fiber consisting of two weakly coupled cores. At high powers, the output was dominated by continuum generation primarily towards shorter wavelengths.
Stability of New Carbapenem DA-1131 to Renal Dipeptidase (Dehydropeptidase I) (2002)

The stability of DA-1131 to renal dipeptidase (RDPase) (EC 3.4.13.19) was compared with that of imipenem and meropenem by V(max)/K(m) ratios as an index of the enzyme's preference for substrates. Our results showed a decreasing order of imipenem (6.24), meropenem (2.41), and DA-1131 (1.39). The biochemical evaluation of DA-1131 as the least preferred substrate of RDPase suggests its potential use as a novel beta-lactam antibiotic which may be usable without coadministration of RDPase inhibitors once its clinical suitability is proven.
Cholesterol-Lowering Properties of Amaranth Grain and Oil in Hamsters (2003)

Amaranth was an important ancient grain and has current nutritional potential, being high in protein, fiber, lysine, magnesium, calcium, and squalene. Limited, inconsistent evidence demonstrates amaranth grain or oil can lower cholesterol in animal models. In the present study, hamsters received hypercholesterolemic diets consisting of a control, 10 or 20% Amaranthus cruentus grain, or 2.5 or 5% crude amaranth oil for four weeks. Amaranth oil (5%) decreased total and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by 15 and 22%, respectively, compared to control. Amaranth grain (20%; providing 1.4% amaranth oil) lowered non-HDL cholesterol and raised HDL cholesterol. Amaranth grain and oil decreased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol by 21-50%; and increased fecal excretion of particular neutral sterols and the bile acid ursodeoxycholate. Amaranth oil (5%) additionally increased the cholesterol synthesis rate, possibly due to compensatory mechanisms; and decreased hepatic cholesterol ester, indicating reduced cholesterol ester availability for VLDL secretion and consistency with reduced VLDL cholesterol. Amaranth thus affected absorption of cholesterol and bile acids, cholesterol lipoprotein distribution, hepatic cholesterol content, and cholesterol biosynthesis. Amaranth grain and oil did not affect these pathways identically.
A Shaped Temporal Filter Camera. (2009)

Digital movie cameras only perform a discrete sampling of real-world imagery.\n While spatial sampling effects are well studied in the literature, there has\n not been as much work in regards to temporal sampling. As cameras get faster\n and faster, the need for conventional frame-rate video that matches the\n abilities of human perception remains. In this article, we introduce a system\n with controlled temporal sampling behavior. It transforms a high fps input\n stream into a conventional speed output video in\n real-time.\n %\n We investigate the effect of different temporal sampling kernels and\n demonstrate that extended, overlapping kernels can mitigate aliasing\n artifacts. Furthermore, NPR effects, such as enhanced motion blur, can be\n achieved. By applying Fourier transforms in the temporal domain, we can also\n obtain novel tools for analyzing and visualizing time dependent effects.\n %\n We demonstrate the effect of different\n sampling kernels in creating enhanced movies and stills of fast motion.
Aware Home Visual Perception (Part I): Design and Algorithms (2005)

In this paper we present the design details of the visual perception system in Aware Home. This paper is intend to (a) detail our design details; (b) provide insights on how different parts of the tracking system are inter-related to solve complex perception tasks; (c) document ideas and potential research directions; (d) provide performance evaluation. This work will primarily focus on algorithm and design issues, while another technical report will be authored to address coding issues related to this system (APIs, class structures, etc).