gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Defects in Drilled Shaft Foundations: Identification, Imaging, and Characterization (2005)

This report addresses two key issues needed by the foundation engineer to assess the structural integrity of drilled shaft, or other concrete structures that contain access tubes; specifically: a) What constitutes a defect in a drilled shaft?; and, b) How to relate observed defect in a velocity tomogram to engineering strength information? This study was conducted based on the development of a three-step approach: 1) Anomaly Identification and Independent Verification - This step allows the engineer to identify and independently verify suspected “anomalies” in drilled shafts. It is concluded that both crosshole sonic logging (CSL) and gamma-gamma density logging (GDL) must be used. For velocity imaging of the shaft’s interior, three-dimensional crosshole sonic logging tomography (CSLT) is required. 2) Defect Definition – A statistical approach is presented to define a cut-off velocity to separate CSLT velocity distribution of sound concrete from the velocity distribution of anomalous concrete. The cut-off velocity is then used to volumetrically image a “defect” volume. 3) Defect Characterization – Finally, changes in velocity values in the defect volume is correlated to changes in concrete strength and a 3-D strength image is developed for integrity assessment by the engineer. The velocity-strength correlation is developed in the laboratory using cylinders with the same design mix as the shaft and allowing for maturity. Therefore, this study proposes a complete analysis and technical information to assist the foundation engineer and owner agencies in deciding to accept, remediate, or reject a given shaft or a wall structure.\n
Single‐Cell Manipulation: Single‐Domain Multiferroic Array‐Addressable Terfenol‐D (SMArT) Micromagnets for Programmable Single‐Cell Capture and Release (Adv. Mater. 20/2021) (2021)

In article number 2006651, Gregory P. Carman, Rob N. Candler, Dino Di Carlo, and co-workers develop a programmable multiferroic micromotor on par with the size of a single cell, ≈10 μm. These electronically addressable motors enable single-cell manipulation based on time-dependent functions of individual cells, such as cell secretion. Smart programmable multiferroic materials lay the groundwork for large-scale automated single-cell sorting and enable a broad spectrum of biotechnology applications.
Investigation of Cardiovascular Effects of Tetrahydro-β-carboline sstr3 antagonists (2014)

Antagonism of somatostatin subtype receptor 3 (sstr3) has emerged as a potential treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately, the development of our first preclinical candidate, MK-4256, was discontinued due to a dose-dependent QTc (QT interval corrected for heart rate) prolongation observed in a conscious cardiovascular (CV) dog model. As the fate of the entire program rested on resolving this issue, it was imperative to determine whether the observed QTc prolongation was associated with hERG channel (the protein encoded by the human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) binding or was mechanism-based as a result of antagonizing sstr3. We investigated a structural series containing carboxylic acids to reduce the putative hERG off-target activity. A key tool compound, 3A, was identified from this SAR effort. As a potent sstr3 antagonist, 3A was shown to reduce glucose excursion in a mouse oGTT assay. Consistent with its minimal hERG activity from in vitro assays, 3A elicited little to no effect in an anesthetized, vagus-intact CV dog model at high plasma drug levels. These results afforded the critical conclusion that sstr3 antagonism is not responsible for the QTc effects and therefore cleared a path for the program to progress.
Kinetic analysis of the thermal decomposition of a carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy resin laminate (2017)

Kinetic decomposition model of a carbon-reinforced epoxy laminate (T700/M21 composite) applied to aircraft structures were determined from specific techniques. Data obtained from the thermogravimetric (TG) experiment coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and combined with the NETZSCH Thermokinetics numerical tool were used to determine a comprehensive kinetic model. Experimental and numerical approaches were thus coupled to determine the decomposition mechanism of a partially unknown composite (T700/M21). Using Thermokinetics, a multi-step reactions kinetic model was established based on the TG and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) results. It is composed of two main competitive reaction, e.g. nth order and autocatalytic reactions). New approach combining TG-FTIR-Thermokinetics is proposed to make kinetic analysis of complex carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composite (mixture of epoxy resins blended with different thermoplastic polymers).
Cellular immune correlates analysis of an HIV-1 preexposure prophylaxis trial (2015)

HIV-1-specific T-cell responses in exposed seronegative subjects suggest that a viral breach of the exposure site is more common than current transmission rates would suggest and that host immunity can extinguish subsequent infection foci. The Preexposure Prophylaxis Initiative (iPrEx) chemoprophylaxis trial provided an opportunity to rigorously investigate these responses in a case-control immunology study; 84 preinfection peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from individuals enrolled in the iPrEx trial who later seroconverted were matched with 480 samples from enrolled subjects who remained seronegative from both the placebo and active treatment arms. T-cell responses to HIV-1 Gag, Protease, Integrase, Reverse Transcriptase, Vif, and Nef antigens were quantified for all subjects in an IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay. IFN-γ responses varied in magnitude and frequency across subjects. A positive response was more prevalent in those who remained persistently HIV-1-negative for Gag (P = 0.007), Integrase (P < 0.001), Vif (P < 0.001), and Nef (P < 0.001). When correlated with outcomes in the iPrEx trial, Vif- and Integrase-specific T-cell responses were associated with reduced HIV-1 infection risk [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.19-0.66 and HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.28-0.96, respectively]. Antigen-specific responses were independent of emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use. IFN-γ secretion in the ELISpot was confirmed using multiparametric flow cytometry and largely attributed to effector memory CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Our results show that HIV-1-specific T-cell immunity can be detected in exposed but uninfected individuals and that these T-cell responses can differentiate individuals according to infection outcomes.
2A1-O01 Improvement of Driving Efficiency of Ultrasonic Motor by Improvement of Vibration Configuration(Mechanism and Control for Actuator (1)) (2014)

An ultrasonic motor is generally composed of a vibrator and a rotor, and is driven by the frictional force between stator/rotor. Since the contact points on the stator draw elliptic trajectory, relative speed of the point against the rotor varies even when the rotor rotates with a constant speed. This may cause wear and a decrease in efficiency. This research proposes a novel method to reduce the relative speed variation to improve the efficiency of ultrasonic motors by superimposing harmonic vibration with driving vibration. Results of numerical calculation show that the efficiency may be improved by 27 % by the proposed method.
DCE and DW‐MRI monitoring of vascular disruption following VEGF‐Trap treatment of a rat glioma model (2011)

Vascular-targeted therapies have shown promise as adjuvant cancer treatment. As these agents undergo clinical evaluation, sensitive imaging biomarkers are needed to assess drug target interaction and treatment response. In this study, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) were evaluated for detecting response of intracerebral 9 L gliosarcomas to the antivascular agent VEGF-Trap, a fusion protein designed to bind all forms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) and Placental Growth Factor (PGF). Rats with 9 L tumors were treated twice weekly for two weeks with vehicle or VEGF-Trap. DCE- and DW-MRI were performed one day prior to treatment initiation and one day following each administered dose. Kinetic parameters (K(trans), volume transfer constant; k(ep), efflux rate constant from extravascular/extracellular space to plasma; and v(p), blood plasma volume fraction) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) over the tumor volumes were compared between groups. A significant decrease in kinetic parameters was observed 24 hours following the first dose of VEGF-Trap in treated versus control animals (p < 0.05) and was accompanied by a decline in ADC values. In addition to the significant hemodynamic effect, VEGF-Trap treated animals exhibited significantly longer tumor doubling times (p < 0.05) compared to the controls. Histological findings were found to support imaging response metrics. In conclusion, kinetic MRI parameters and change in ADC have been found to serve as sensitive and early biomarkers of VEGF-Trap anti-vascular targeted therapy.
Secondary ion mass spectrometry round‐robin study of relative sensitivity factors in gallium arsenide (1998)

Round-robin studies on relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) were conducted using bulk GaAs samples uniformly doped with various impurity elements. A total of 31 laboratories participated in two round-robins. More than 30 sets of relative ion intensities were obtained for B, Si, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, In and Te in GaAs. The RSFs for both positive and negative ions were derived for several types of SIMS instruments. The effect of primary ion incident angle was examined using quadrupole-based instruments and found to be the determining factor of the instrumental dependence of RSF. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PD39-09 DOES AN ALTERNATIVE SUNITINIB DOSING SCHEDULE REALLY IMPROVE SURVIVAL OUTCOMES OVER A CONVENTIONAL DOSING SCHEDULE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC RENAL CELL CARCINOMA? AN UPDATED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS (2020)

analysis identified thrombectomy and surgical approach associated with high grade complication. After MV analysis, only thrombectomy was independently associated with high grade complication (OR 3.84, 95% CI 2.21-6.61, p<0.001). Preoperative therapy was not associated with high grade complication.
High efficiency S-band 30 W power GaAs FETs (2002)

An S-band high-efficiency power GaAs MESFET has been developed by employing the second-harmonic terminating technique in both the input and output matching circuits. This internally matched power FET demonstrates state-of-the-art performance of 30.9 W (44.9 dBm) output power with more than 60% power-added efficiency and a 15.0 dB linear gain at 2.5 GHz. Successful termination of the second-harmonic was confirmed by measuring gate and drain voltage waveforms using EOS (Electro-Optic Sampling). This amplifier can be assembled in conventional ceramic package, and thus is suitable for satellite communication system applications.
Transgenic Models for Prostate Cancer (2002)

Abstract : During phase II of this IDEA Award, our goal was to study genes/pathways implicated in prostate cancer progression using transgenic mouse models. Our efforts focused on creating transgenic models that express 1 of 4 different genes in the mouse prostate. All 4 genes were selected based on studies from our lab and others implicating these genes in human prostate cancer. These include Her-2/neu, cathepsin D, Akt, and Myc. We were successful in generating each of the transgenic mice, and the phenotypes of 3 of them (Cathepsin D, Akt, and Nyc) have been fully characterized. Cathepsin D and Akt mice develop prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) only, whereas Myc mice develop PIN that progresses to invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma. In addition, we created transgenic mice expressing the avian retrovirus receptor TVA to permit introduction of multiple transgenes into the prostate in a stepwise manner and to manipulate androgen levels without affecting transgene expression. We documented successful infection with avian retroviruses expressing marker genes (CEP) and are optimizing conditions for transfer of oncogenes. We also generated luciferase transgenic mice, which allow us to visualize the mouse prostate using optimal imaging tools.
Energy-Efficient Control Approach for Automated HEV and BEV With Short-Horizon Preview Information (2018)

The interest in autonomous electrified vehicles has rapidly increased in recent years. In this paper, a speed trajectory generation method based on speed and road grade preview over a short horizon is presented, to improve energy efficiency of the autonomous power split HEV and BEV. The speed trajectory is generated by minimizing the required cumulative over the the horizon wheel power, including regenerative power. We confirm by simulations that the generated speed profiles improve MPG (or MPGe) even though only a short horizon preview information is used with small deviation permitted from the nominal speed profile.
Clinical impact of shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (1997)

The clinical impact of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the shoulder is dependent upon the clinical diagnosisand clinical indications for surgical management. MRI of the shoulder is very useful in defining the anatomic pathology associated with shoulder pain and disability. The clinical impact of MRI is improved when it is obtained under well defined criteria which should be based upon clinical treatment algorithms. Shoulder MRI is best used to define the anatomic pathology associated with rotator cuff tears and traumatic glenohumeral instability.
Policy management: an architecture and approach (2002)

This paper deals with the role of policies in the management of large complex systems. An approach is suggested for the transformation of policy statements into executable process decision functions; and, an architecture is outlined to help organize the elements of policy in a manageable way. To illustrate the concepts, an example is given from information processing that conveys more concretely the manner in which this architecture can be applied to policy management, Tools are introduced to deploy a policy management system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cooling System Design (2022)

No AccessInjection Mold Design EngineeringOct 2022Cooling System DesignDavid O. KazmerDavid O. KazmerSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569908921.009SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2022Pages: 291-351Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-891-4eISBN: 978-1-56990-892-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2022 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Adsorption interaction of carrier-free thallium species with gold and quartz surfaces (2013)

Abstract The adsorption interactions of thallium and its compounds with gold and quartz surfaces were investigated. Carrier-free amounts of thallium were produced in nuclear fusion reactions of alpha particles with thick gold targets. The method chosen for the studies was gas thermochromatography and varying the redox potential of the carrier gases. It was observed that thallium is extremely sensitive to trace amounts of oxygen and water, and can even be oxidized by the hydroxyl groups located on the quartz surface. The experiments on a quartz surface with O 2 , He, H 2 gas in addition with water revealed the formation and deposition of only one thallium species – TlOH. The adsorption enthalpy was determined to be Δ H SiO 2 ads (TlOH) = −134 ± 5 kJ mol −1 . A series of experiments using gold as stationary surface and different carrier gases resulted in the detection of two thallium species – metallic Tl (H 2 as carrier gas) and TlOH (O 2 , O 2 +H 2 O and H 2 +H 2 O as pure carrier gas or carrier gas mixture) with Δ H Au ads (Tl) = −270 ± 10 kJ mol − and Δ H Au ads (TlOH) = −146 ± 3 kJ mol −1 . These data demonstrate a weak interaction of TlOH with both quartz and gold surfaces. The data represent important information for the design of future experiments with the heavier homologue of Tl in group 13 of the periodic table – element 113 (E113).
Effects of positron spin polarization on orthopositronium and parapositronium formation in a magnetic field (1990)

Formation of positronium in porous silica glass by spin-polarized positrons in the presence of a magnetic field is investigated using a one-dimensional angular-correlation apparatus. Asymmetric field dependences of the formation probabilities of both perturbed orthopositronium and perturbed parapositronium are analyzed in a wide range of the field. The feasibility of the application of the angular-correlation method to positron spin polarimetry is discussed.
Table S1 from Distinct Mechanisms of Mismatch-Repair Deficiency Delineate Two Modes of Response to Anti–PD-1 Immunotherapy in Endometrial Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1: Genomic and clinical characteristics of the study cohort.&lt;/p&gt;
Surface roughness evaluation via ultrasonic scanning (1994)

Despite extensive applications of ultrasonic waves to various nondestructive testing and evaluation of materials, scattering of focused ultrasonic waves due to surface roughness has not been fully investigated. This paper presents an analytical and experimental evaluation of surface roughness measurement using focused ultrasonic beams. The characteristics of focused ultrasonic waves are analyzed by using the impulse response method with a sine-modulated Gaussian pulse as source. First, the beam profile in the focal plane of the focused ultrasonic transducer is analyzed both numerically and experimentally. Second, peak amplitude distribution and reflected waveforms from a flat surface with various incident angles are analytically generated and compared with experimental results. Then, the peak amplitudes of the ultrasonic waves reflected from cusped surfaces which are easily found among machined surfaces are analyzed and compared with experimental data for the first time. The analysis shows good agreement between analytical and experimental results. The excellent correlation between the measurements using a profilometer and the proposed ultrasonic system demonstrates a good potential for surface roughness measurement by ultrasonic sensing.
Improved Dispersion of Bacterial Endospores for Quantitative Infrared Sampling on Gold Coated Porous Alumina Membranes (2005)

An improved method for qualitative and quantitative sampling of bacterial endospores using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy on gold-coated porous alumina membranes is presented. Bacillus subtilis endospores were filtered onto gold-coated alumina membranes serving as substrates. Studies in the mid-infrared (MIR) region revealed the characteristic bacterial absorption spectrum at low surface concentration, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the same samples provided precise calculation of the surface concentration of the bacterial endospores. Under the conditions of study, the average concentration of endospores was determined to be 1356 +/- 35 spores in a 100 x 100 mum(2) area, with a relative standard deviation of 0.0260. Examination of ten random spots on multiple substrates with FT-IR microscopy apertured to the same area gave an average relative standard deviation of 0.0482 in the signal strength of the amide A band at 3278 cm(-1). An extinction cross-section in reflection of sigma(ext) = (7.8 +/- 0.6) x 10(-9) cm(2)/endospore was calculated for the amide A band at the frequency of its peak absorbance, 3278 cm(-1). The absorption cross-section of the amide A band in reflection is estimated to be sigma(abs) approximately (2.10 +/- 0.12) x 10(-9) cm(2)/endospore.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of (η3‐1‐(Formyl)allyl)‐ and (η3‐1‐( Dimethoxymethyl)allyl)palladium Chlorides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of M. tuberculosis Lineage Variability within a Clinical Trial for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (2010)

Recent studies suggest that M. tuberculosis lineage and host genetics interact to impact how active tuberculosis presents clinically. We determined the phylogenetic lineages of M. tuberculosis isolates from participants enrolled in the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 28, conducted in Brazil, Canada, South Africa, Spain, Uganda and the United States, and secondarily explored the relationship between lineage, clinical presentation and response to treatment. Large sequence polymorphisms and single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed to determine lineage and sublineage of isolates. Of 306 isolates genotyped, 246 (80.4%) belonged to the Euro-American lineage, with sublineage 724 predominating at African sites (99/192, 51.5%), and the Euro-American strains other than 724 predominating at non-African sites (89/114, 78.1%). Uneven distribution of lineages across regions limited our ability to discern significant associations, nonetheless, in univariate analyses, Euro-American sublineage 724 was associated with more severe disease at baseline, and along with the East Asian lineage was associated with lower bacteriologic conversion after 8 weeks of treatment. Disease presentation and response to drug treatment varied by lineage, but these associations were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for other variables associated with week-8 culture status.
Co‐administration of piperine and docetaxel results in improved anti‐tumor efficacy via inhibition of CYP3A4 activity (2011)

Docetaxel is one of the most widely used cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents and is currently the mainstay treatment for metastatic CRPC. Dietary constituents are important agents modifying drug metabolism and transport. In our studies, dietary consumption of piperine increases the therapeutic efficacy of docetaxel in a xenograft model without inducing more adverse effects on the treated mice.
Parked cars as a service delivery platform (2014)

We introduce a new view of parked cars as a massive, flexible resource that is currently wasted. Given the power supply in batteries as well as computing, communication, and sensing facilities in cars in conjunction with the precise localization they can provide, parked cars have the potential to serve as a service delivery platform with a wide range of possibilities. We describe diverse applications that can be implemented using parked cars to show the flexibility of the infrastructure. Potential user groups and service providers are discussed. As an illustrative example, a simulation study of the use case of localizing persons in need of assistance is presented. Finally, the need for new algorithms and their analysis adapted to the specifics of parked cars is also highlighted.