gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Telomerase Redux: Ready for Prime Time? (2015)

By maintaining genome integrity, controlling cell proliferation, and regulating tissue homeostasis, telomerase plays a critical role in the pathology of aging and cancer. Telomerase is composed of telomerase RNA, or telomerase RNA component (TERC), which serves as a template for telomeric DNA synthesis, and a catalytic subunit, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). The canonical function of TERT is the synthesis of telomeric DNA repeats and the maintenance of telomere length. Recent studies suggest that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-expressed TERT in adult mice can increase life span and health span. Because TERT physically interacts with proteins that regulate gene expression, and because TERT's expression at high levels is associated with oncogenic transformation, its synthesis needs to be carefully regulated. Due to safety concerns, transient expression of TERT mRNA may be preferred for tissue engineering and adoptive stem cell therapy.
IC‐P‐007: Use of multimodal imaging in uncovering the pathological basis of atypical Alzheimer's disease (2012)

Many AD subjects have atypical presentations, such as prominent language deficits (ie., Primary Progressive Aphasia, PPA) rather than typical amnestic predominance. Such individuals may have AD pathologically, while others are due to frontotemporal dementia variants. We wished to apply multi-modal imaging with magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI), Flouro-deoxyglucose PET (FDG) and C-11 PIB amyloid PET imaging to evaluate the analysis of such individuals in a coherent fashion. We hypothesized that these imaging modalities would be convergent, and usually all point in the direction of atypical AD vs. FTD/PPA. Eighty four subjects were studied, including 24 normal elderly controls and 20 typical AD subjects. For the 40 remaining “atypical” subjects, clinical likelihood of AD vs non-AD diagnosis was rated as low, medium, or high. 1.5 tesla MRI imaging with thin 1 mm cuts was carried out. Distribution of cortical atrophy and Grey matter VBM were noted. FDG PET scans were assessed as typical AD [ ie., bitemporo-parietal decreased glucose uptake] or not. PIB PET amyloid imaging was considered positive if there was SUVR > 1.5 for association cortex regions, corresponding to medium or large PIB uptake on visual inspection. In AD subjects, all 3 imaging modalities were suggestive of AD positive in 80% of cases. Three AD subjects were “PIB negative”, and they were young or showed slower progression. Two of 24 Normal elderly subjects were “PIB Positive”. The six most convincing cases of FTD (behavioural variant or Nonfluent Progressive Aphasia) all were PIB Negative, with frontotemporal MRI atrophy and VBM changes and frontal FDG PET in 5/6. Of the 34 other “atypical” cases, PIB was positive in over 2/3 suggesting Alzheimer's as underlying etiology. However, convergence between MRI, PIB, and FDG PET was found in less than 1/3. Clinically diagnosed FTD subjects do not demonstrate amyloid positivity, and multi-modal imaging confirms FTD. In atypical dementias and uncertain FTD/PPA cases, use of PIB increased diagnostic certainty. The different imaging modalities [MRI, FDG PET, PIB PET] usually did not converge.
Characterization of stilbene-d12 for neutron spectroscopy without time of flight (2021)

In this work, we have experimentally characterized the light-output response of a deuterated trans-stilbene (stilbene-d<sub>12</sub>) crystal to quasi-monoenergetic neutrons in the 0.8 to 4.4 MeV energy range. These data allowed us to perform neutron spectroscopy measurements of a DT 14.1 MeV source and a <sup>239</sup>PuBe source by unfolding the impinging neutron spectrum from the measured light-output response. The stilbene-d<sub>12</sub> outperforms a <sup>1</sup>H-stilbene of similar size when comparing the shape of the unfolded spectra and the reference ones. These results confirm the viability of non-hygroscopic stilbene-d<sub>12</sub> crystal for direct neutron spectroscopy without need for time-of-flight measurements. This capability makes stilbene-d<sub>12</sub> a well suited detector for fast-neutron spectroscopy in many applications including nuclear reaction studies, radiation protection, nuclear non-proliferation, and space travel.
Population pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of moxetumomab pasudotox in patients with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukaemia (2020)

Despite a high incidence of immunogenicity with increased clearance, moxetumomab pasudotox demonstrated efficacy in hairy cell leukaemia.
ChemInform Abstract: 2(3H)‐Oxazolones from α‐Hydroxy Amides and Keteneylidenetriphenylphosphorane via a Phosphorus Ylide Cascade. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Resistance to HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors (2003)

Resistance-testing technology has been incorporated into the standard of care for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and therapy with protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Inhibitors of HIV-1 entry represent an emerging mode of antiretroviral therapy, and HIV-1 entry inhibitors encompass three mechanistically distinct classes of agents known as attachment inhibitors, coreceptor inhibitors, and fusion inhibitors. Each class of agent has demonstrated promise in controlled clinical trials, and understanding the determinants and evolution of viral resistance will be critical for the optimal development and deployment of these new treatment classes. Advances in resistance-testing technologies have paralleled the development of HIV-1 entry inhibitor therapies, and the available data support the notion that attachment, coreceptor and fusion inhibitors offer complementary modes of therapy and distinct resistance profiles.
Critical behavior of lattice polymers studied by Monte Carlo simulations (2000)

A newly developed expanded grand-canonical formalism is applied to locate the critical point of systems of long polymeric molecules. Two polymer systems are investigated in this work; the first consists of chains in a simple cubic lattice, the second consists of bond-fluctuating molecules. For the former we simulate molecules of up to 16 000 sites, and for the latter we study molecules of up to 500 sites. These chain lengths are well above those investigated by all prior simulation studies of critical phenomena in polymer solutions. Critical parameters are determined as a function of chain length by means of field-mixing finite-size scaling techniques. Our results for the scaling behavior of the critical temperature are consistent with literature values. Our results for the scaling of the critical density, however, indicate that the corresponding critical exponent is higher than that reported by previous authors. The leading logarithmic term of the finite-chain-length correction to the critical density is confirmed by our results.
Stereoselective, Oxidative One-Carbon Degradation of Alkyl(dimethyl)phosphine-Boranes. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Secondary Phosphine-Boranes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTStereoselective, Oxidative One-Carbon Degradation of Alkyl(dimethyl)phosphine-Boranes. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Secondary Phosphine-BoranesKazuto Nagata, Satoru Matsukawa, and Tsuneo ImamotoView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 13, 4185–4188Publication Date (Web):May 31, 2000Publication History Received29 November 1999Published online31 May 2000Published inissue 1 June 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9918201https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9918201brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1733Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Degradation,High-performance liquid chromatography,Organic compounds,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of tissue‐nonspecific alkaline phosphatase protects against medial arterial calcification and improves survival probability in the CKD‐MBD mouse model (2019)

Medial arterial calcification (MAC) is a major complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and an indicator of poor prognosis. Aortic overexpression of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) accelerates MAC formation. The present study aimed to assess whether a TNAP inhibitor, SBI-425, protects against MAC and improves survival probability in a CKD-mineral and bone disorder (MBD) mouse model. CKD-MBD mice were divided in three groups: vehicle, SBI-10, and SBI-30. They were fed a 0.2% adenine and 0.8% phosphorus diet from 14 to 20 weeks of age to induce CKD, followed by a high-phosphorus (0.2% adenine and 1.8% phosphorus) diet for another 6 weeks. At 14-20 weeks of age, mice in the SBI-10 and SBI-30 groups were given 10 and 30 mg/kg SBI-425 by gavage once a day, respectively, while vehicle-group mice were given distilled water as vehicle. Control mice were fed a standard chow (0.8% phosphorus) between the ages of 8 and 20 weeks. Computed tomography imaging, histology, and aortic tissue calcium content revealed that, compared to vehicle animals, SBI-425 nearly halted the formation of MAC. Mice in the control, SBI-10 and SBI-30 groups exhibited 100% survival, which was significantly better than vehicle-treated mice (57.1%). Aortic mRNA expression of Alpl, encoding TNAP, as well as plasma and aortic tissue TNAP activity, were suppressed by SBI-425 administration, whereas plasma pyrophosphate increased. We conclude that a TNAP inhibitor successfully protected the vasculature from MAC and improved survival rate in a mouse CKD-MBD model, without causing any adverse effects on normal skeletal formation and residual renal function. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanofibrous α-, β-, γ- and α⋅γ-Manganese Dioxides Prepared by the Hydrothermal-Electrochemical Technique (2003)

The hydrothermal-electrochemical method has been used for the synthesis of manganese dioxides from acidic or Na, K, solutions. This method produced manganese dioxides of either the γ­ or α­ structure types, mixtures of these structure types, or or interconnected α­ and γ-phases The structure of the material obtained can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the synthesis: temperature, acidity of the solution, composition of the solution, or applied current density. The materials synthesized are characterized by exceptionally low amounts of microtwinning defects. These materials can be synthesized over a wide range of values, including in the range usually reserved for chemically prepared (chemical manganese dioxide, CMD) materials. Materials exhibiting lower values are favored when the pH or the temperature of the synthesis is decreased. The lowest values were found in materials synthesized at 92°C and pH 0. A study of the morphology of the deposits has shown that it can be controlled by changing the experimental conditions. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Internal governance, market discipline, and regulatory restraint: international evidence (1996)

Banks and banking, International; Bank management; Bank supervision
Effect of Heparin on Increased Pulmonary Microvascular Permeability after Bone Marrow Embolism in Awake Sheep (1987)

We examined the alterations in pulmonary transvascular fluid and protein exchange after intravenous infusion of fat emboli, i.e., bone marrow suspension (BMS) in awake sheep prepared with chronic lung lymph fistulas and compared these changes with those observed in sheep pretreated with heparin. The BMS injection (0.2 ml/kg) over 15 min caused rapid, but transient, increases (p less than 0.05) in mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. These increases were accompanied by significant increases in the lymph concentrations of thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Pulmonary lymph flow increased by 3.9-fold (+/- 0.8) over baseline by 120 min after BMS with no change in the lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio (L/P ratio). Heparin pretreatment (700 U/kg) enhanced the BMS-induced increases in pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Thromboxane B2 concentrations in the lymph increased, whereas there was no change in the concentration of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Lung lymph flow increased 4-fold (+/- 1.0) over baseline by 120 min after BMS without a change in L/P ratio. Changes in lung vascular permeability were evaluated by elevating pulmonary microvascular pressure (left atrial balloon catheter inflation) at 120 min after BMS. Lung lymph flow increased 7-fold (+/- 1.1) from baseline, whereas the L/P ratio decreased to a mean value of 0.48 +/- 0.03. The protein reflection coefficient (sigma = 1 - L/P ratio) decreased from a control mean of 0.69 +/- 0.02 to 0.52 +/- 0.03 after the BMS challenge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Improving Schwann Cell Differentiation from Human Adipose Stem Cells with Metabolic Glycoengineering (2023)

Schwann cells (SCs) are myelinating cells that promote peripheral nerve regeneration. When nerve lesions form, SCs are destroyed, ultimately hindering nerve repair. The difficulty in treating nerve repair is exacerbated due to SC's limited and slow expansion capacity. Therapeutic use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is emerging in combating peripheral nerve injury due to these cells' SC differentiation capability and can be harvested easily in large numbers. Despite ASC's therapeutic potential, their transdifferentiation period typically takes more than two weeks. In this study, we demonstrate that metabolic glycoengineering (MGE) technology enhances ASC differentiation into SCs. Specifically, the sugar analog Ac<sub>5</sub>ManNTProp (TProp), which modulates cell surface sialylation, significantly improved ASC differentiation with upregulated SC protein S100β and p75NGFR expression and elevated the neurotrophic factors nerve growth factor beta (NGFβ) and glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). TProp treatment remarkably reduced the SC transdifferentiation period from about two weeks to two days in vitro, which has the potential to improve neuronal regeneration and facilitate future use of ASCs in regenerative medicine.
Microfluidic devices for stem-cell cultivation, differentiation and toxicity testing (2017)

The development of new drugs is time-consuming, extremely expensive and often promising drug candidates fail in late stages of the development process due to the lack of suitable tools to either predict toxicological effects or to test drug candidates in physiologically relevant environments prior to clinical tests. We therefore try to develop diagnostic multiorgan microfluidic chips based on patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology to explore liver dependent toxic effects of drugs on individual human tissues such as liver or kidney cells. Based initially on standardized microfluidic modules for cell culture, we have developed integrated microfluidic devices which contain different chambers for cell/tissue cultivation. The devices are manufactured using injection molding of thermoplastic polymers such as polystyrene or cyclo-olefin polymer. In the project, suitable surface modification methods of the used materials had to be explored. We have been able to successfully demonstrate the seeding, cultivation and further differentiation of modified iPS, as shown by the use of differentiation markers, thus providing a suitable platform for toxicity testing and potential tissue-tissue interactions.
Design of parallel resonant convertor with LCC-type commutation (1988)

Using a set of characteristic curves derived from the stateplane diagram, a novel approach to the design of the LCCtype capacitive coupled parallel resonant convertor (LCC-type PRQ, operating in the continuous conduction mode, is presented. The steady-state response of the convertor can also be obtained from the characteristic curves, from which the convenor&apos;s component stress can be easily assessed.
Pulling Things out of Perspective (2014)

The limitations of current state-of-the-art methods for single-view depth estimation and semantic segmentations are closely tied to the property of perspective geometry, that the perceived size of the objects scales inversely with the distance. In this paper, we show that we can use this property to reduce the learning of a pixel-wise depth classifier to a much simpler classifier predicting only the likelihood of a pixel being at an arbitrarily fixed canonical depth. The likelihoods for any other depths can be obtained by applying the same classifier after appropriate image manipulations. Such transformation of the problem to the canonical depth removes the training data bias towards certain depths and the effect of perspective. The approach can be straight-forwardly generalized to multiple semantic classes, improving both depth estimation and semantic segmentation performance by directly targeting the weaknesses of independent approaches. Conditioning the semantic label on the depth provides a way to align the data to their physical scale, allowing to learn a more discriminative classifier. Conditioning depth on the semantic class helps the classifier to distinguish between ambiguities of the otherwise ill-posed problem. We tested our algorithm on the KITTI road scene dataset and NYU2 indoor dataset and obtained obtained results that significantly outperform current state-of-the-art in both single-view depth and semantic segmentation domain.
Queueing-blocking system with two arrival streams and guard channels (1988)

An approach to the study of a multichannel cutoff priority system for two Poisson arrival streams with distinct arrival rates and the same potential service time distribution is proposed. This approach makes it possible to obtain the state probabilities in simple closed-form expressions. These expressions provide a straightforward way to derive the distribution of the number of busy servers, the queue length distributions, and, above all, a very simple criterion for the stability of the system. The computations can still be carried out for large systems (e.g. 100 servers). The method can easily be extended from the infinite-queue-length case to a system with finite capacity. As applied to cellular radio, the method offers a means of increasing the total carried traffic while improving the perceived service quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CCR5 Chemokine Receptor Mediates Recruitment of MHC Class II-Positive Langerhans Cells in the Mouse Corneal Epithelium (2005)

These data suggest that CCR5 plays a critical role in mediating recruitment and mobilization of MHC class II(+) LCs into the corneal epithelium. Targeting CCR5 and its ligands may be a new strategy for modulating immunity.
CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves (2022)

Abstract CMB-S4—the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment—is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the universe. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semianalytic projection tool, targeted explicitly toward optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r , in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2–3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments, given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semianalytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for r &gt; 0.003 at greater than 5 σ , or in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of r &lt; 0.001 at 95% CL.
Crossover from renormalized to conventional diffusion near the 3D Anderson localization transition for light (2021)

We report on anomalous light transport in the strong scattering regime. Using low-coherence interferometry, we measure the reflection matrix of titanium dioxide powders, revealing crucial features of strong optical scattering which can not be observed with transmission measurements: (i) a subdiffusive regime of transport at early times of flight that is a direct consequence of predominant recurrent scattering loops, and (ii) a crossover to a conventional, but extremely slow, diffusive regime at long times. These observations support previous predictions that near-field coupling between scatterers prohibits Anderson localization of light in three-dimensional disordered media.
Designing Dupin cyclides in micro and macro worlds (2012)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus cereus Sensu Lato Bacteriophage Bcp1 (2014)

Bacillus cereus sensu lato organisms are an ecologically diverse group that includes etiologic agents of food poisoning, periodontal disease, and anthrax. The recently identified Bcp1 bacteriophage infects B. cereus sensu lato and is being developed as a therapeutic decontamination agent and diagnostic countermeasure. We announce the complete genome sequence of Bcp1.
Supplementary Tables from Tumor-Reactive CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells in Metastatic Gastrointestinal Cancer Refractory to Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 44K, Table S1 shows Class I HLA genotyping of TIL and cancer cell lines; Table S2 shows the recognition of autologous and allogeneic cell lines by TIL and TCR-transduced lymphocytes; Table S3 contains the TCR variable alpha and beta chains of CD8+ TIL clones reactive to autologous gastrointestinal tumors&lt;/p&gt;