gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and preliminary characterization of a novel cytoplasmic antigen recognized by myasthenia gravis sera. (1992)

A cDNA clone was isolated by screening of a lambda gt11 endothelial expression library with serum from a patient with myasthenia gravis (MG). Rabbit antisera raised against the recombinant protein and human MG sera reactive with the clone immunoblotted an M(r) integral of 250,000 polypeptide (gravin) present in endothelial cells and several adherent cells. Gravin was not detected in platelets, leukocytes, U937, or human erythroleukemic (HEL) cell lines, but was expressed in HEL cells after induction with phorbol myristate acetate. Northern blot analysis showed two transcripts of approximately 6.7 and 8.4 kb in endothelial cells but not U937 or HEL cells. Indirect immunofluorescence of permeabilized cells revealed a trabecular network of gravin staining with a distinct linear component. Antibodies to gravin, were present in sera from 22:72 (31%) of MG patients. In contrast 0:50 normal sera and 1:72 sera from patients with other autoimmune diseases contained antigravin antibodies. Gravin is not likely to be a nonerythroid spectrin, talin, myosin, or actin-binding protein based on the lack of reactivity of antigravin with these polypeptides in immunoblots. The nucleotide sequence of the immunoreactive clone indicated that it encodes a highly acidic polypeptide fragment that contains the carboxyl terminus of the protein. Neither amino acid nor nucleotide sequences were present in Genbank, EMBL, or Swissprot databases as of March, 1992. These data indicate that gravin is an inducible, cell type-specific cytoplasmic protein and that auto-antibodies to gravin may be highly specific for MG.
[Long-term temporary prosthesis in prostatic obstruction. ProstaCoil, an expanding, self-fixating implant of large caliber]. (1993)

The spiral metallic stent for insertion into the prostatic urethra developed by Fabian a decade ago, and its various modifications have a fixed external caliber of up to 21F and does not allow passage of instruments larger than 5-6F through it. Thus, they cannot be used in patients who need frequent trans-urethral manipulations. Since all temporary prostatic stents, in the long term develop incrustations they have to be changed once a year, or earlier, if they become occluded by stone formation. Permanent stents cannot be used in patients who are temporarily unfit for surgery because their removal necessitate traumatic manipulations. In order to overcome these disadvantages, a new large caliber, self-expanding and self-retaining intra-prostatic stent was developed (ProstaCoil). This stent is inserted under fluoroscopic guidance using topical anaesthesia. During the last 36 months the ProstaCoil was inserted into 65 patients suffering from complete prostatic obstruction due to BPH. Follow-up of our patients was 3-28 months (mean 16 months). Forty-eight patients could void either immediately or within 48 hours after insertion of the stent. Thirty patients underwent TURP or open prostatectomy 3-12 months after insertion of the stent. In all these cases the stent was removed easily before surgery. Only in 1 case the stent was removed because of severe urge incontinence. Seven patients died during this period. Twenty-seven patients still are passing urine through their stents (the longest 32 months).
Extremum Seeking Control for Energy Optimization of Vapor Compression Systems (2012)

In this paper, an energy optimizing extremum seeking controller is developed for vapor compression systems (VCS) that automatically discovers sets of inputs that minimizes the energy consumption while the machine is in operation. This controller optimizes an input-output map (from VCS inputs to electrical energy consumed) in realtime, and without relying on a model of the dynamics of a vapor compression system. A detailed algorithm and rules for tuning the controller gains will be described. Experiments are performed on an inverter-driven room air conditioner that demonstrate convergence of inputs to their optimal values, resulting in an improvement in COP of 10-20% for some operating points.
Current status of radical systematic lymphadenectomy in pancreatic cancer--a review of the literature. (2007)

Over all, a significant benefit in extreme radical surgery could not bee found. However, there are indications of subgroups of patients in whom extended lymphadenectomy might be beneficial. This subgroup should be defined only by large multicentric, prospective, randomized studies.
Kinetics and Time−Temperature Equivalence of Polymer Degradation (2007)

We studied the hydrolysis kinetics of amorphous polylactide. It was found the hydrolysis rate had a slow-to-fast transition at a certain molecular weight (Mn). This transition was not correlated with the mass loss and water uptake of samples, nor the pH values of testing media. We speculated that this transition was due to the slow diffusion of polymer chain ends. The chain ends did not significantly promote the hydrolysis of samples until their concentrations (approximately 1/Mn) reached a critical value. The degradation tests were also conducted over a temperature range from 37 to 90 degrees C. A time-temperature equivalent relationship of degradation processes was established and a master curve spanning a time range equivalent to 3-5 years at 37 degrees C was constructed. This master curve can be used to predict polymer degradation processes based on accelerated tests. The functional time and disappearance time of degradable polymers were also discussed.
Populations of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) in the Southeastern United States are Commonly Resistant to Cry1Ab, but Still Susceptible to Vip3Aa20 Expressed in MIR 162 Corn (2021)

The corn earworm, <i>Helicoverpa zea</i> (Boddie), is a major pest targeted by pyramided <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) corn and cotton in the U.S. Cry1Ab is one of the first insecticidal toxins used in Bt crops, while Vip3A is a relatively new toxin that has recently been incorporated into Cry corn with event MIR 162 and Cry cotton varieties to generate pyramided Bt traits targeting lepidopteran pests including <i>H. zea</i>. The objectives of this study were to determine the current status and distribution of the Cry1Ab resistance, and evaluate the susceptibility to Vip3Aa20 expressed in MIR 162 corn in <i>H. zea</i> in the southeastern U.S. During 2018 and 2019, 32 <i>H. zea</i> populations were collected from non-Bt corn (19 populations), Cry corn (12), and Cry/Vip3A cotton (1) across major corn areas in seven southeastern states of the U.S. Susceptibility of these populations to Cry1Ab and Vip3Aa20 was determined using diet-overlay bioassays. Compared to a known susceptible insect strain, 80% of the field populations were 13- to >150-fold resistant to Cry1Ab, while their response to Vip3Aa20 ranged from >11-fold more susceptible to 9-fold more tolerant. Mean susceptibility to each Bt toxin was not significantly different between the two groups of the populations collected from non-Bt and Bt crops, as well as between the two groups of the populations collected during 2018 and 2019. The results show that resistance to Cry1Ab in <i>H. zea</i> is widely distributed across the region. However, the Cry1Ab-resistant populations are not cross-resistant to Vip3Aa20, and <i>H. zea</i> in the region is still susceptible to the Vip3Aa20 toxin. Vip3Aa20 concentrations between 5 and 10 µg/cm<sup>2</sup> may be used as diagnostic concentrations for susceptibility monitoring in future. Additional studies are necessary to elucidate the impact of the selection with Bt corn on resistance evolution in <i>H. zea</i> to Vip3A cotton in the U.S.
Monitoramento in situ e em tempo real de variáveis morfológicas do poli(cloreto de vinila) usando espectroscopia NIR (2009)

Este trabalho ilustra o uso de espectroscopia do infravermelho próximo (NIRS) para fins de monitoramento da polimerização em suspensão de cloreto de vinila em tempo real. Resultados inéditos mostraram que é possível acompanhar a evolução de importantes propriedades morfológicas de resinas de PVC [poli(cloreto de vinila)], como por exemplo, BD (densidade aparente), CPA (absorção de plastificante a frio), DTP (distribuição de tamanho de partículas) e Dp (diâmetro de partícula). Mostrou-se também, pela primeira vez, que é possível analisar quantitativamente, com o auxílio da sonda NIRS in situ, a estrutura morfológica da partícula de PVC. Com a possibilidade de predizer a evolução dinâmica dos parâmetros morfológicos em tempo real, mostrou-se que é possível injetar dispersantes e variar a velocidade de agitação durante a reação para fins de controle das variáveis BD, CPA e DTP do PVC, até que o ponto de identificação da partícula seja atingido. Por meio do monitoramento e da estratégia de controle proposta, é possível antecipar fugas de temperatura no reator, aumentar a segurança do processo, diminuir o tempo de desenvolvimento de resinas com características morfológicas diferenciadas, evitando perdas de margem oriundas da venda de produtos fora de especificação, e otimizar os recursos para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos.
Oligonucleotide Flexibility Dictates Crystal Quality in DNA‐Programmable Nanoparticle Superlattices (2014)

The evolution of crystallite size and microstrain in DNA-mediated nanoparticle superlattices is dictated by annealing temperature and the flexibility of the interparticle bonds. This work addresses a major challenge in synthesizing optical metamaterials based upon noble metal nanoparticles by enabling the crystallization of large nanoparticles (100 nm diameter) at high volume fractions (34% metal).
User performance analysis of different image-based navigation systems for needle placement procedures (2004)

We present a user performance analysis of four navigation systems based on different visualization schemes (2D, 3D, stereoscopy on a monitor, and a stereo head mounted display (HMD)). We developed a well-defined user workflow, which starts with the selection of a safe and efficient needle path, followed by the placement, insertion and removal of the needle. We performed the needle procedure on a foam-based phantom, targeting a virtual lesion while avoiding virtual critical structures. The phantom and needle’s position and orientation were optically tracked in real-time. 28 users performed each a total of 20 needle placements, on five phantom configurations using the four visualization schemes. Based on digital measurements, and on qualitative user surveys, we computed the following parameters: accuracy and duration of the procedure, user progress, efficiency, confidence, and judgment. The results show that all systems are about equivalent when it comes to reaching the center of the target. However the HMD- and 2D- based systems performed better in avoiding the surrounding structures. The needle procedures were performed in a shorter amount of time using the HMD- and 3D- based systems. With appropriate user training, procedure time for the 2D- based system decreased significantly.
Synthesis of poly(spirosilabifluorene) copolymers and their improved stability in blue emitting polymer LEDs over non-spiro analogs (2015)

PHSSF-<italic>co</italic>-PDHSF exhibits blue luminescence, high quantum efficiency and thermal stability. Electroluminescence of OLEDs is more stable than non-spiro poly(silafluorene) devices.
Defectivity Performance of Full Field Immersion Photolithography Tool (2006)

In this paper, we report results of comprehensive studies of defects originating in immersion photolithography clusters comprising immersion volume production tool (S609B, NA=1.07) and engineering evaluation tool (EET NA = 0.85). Defectivity S609B was very low, 0.013 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> it attained dry exposure level successfully. Defectivity results using EET were also very promising in all three major resist processes including solvent soluble topcoat, developer soluble topcoat and topcoat-less resist. Defectivity did not show any scan speed dependency and target size dependency, showing the extendibility of our immersion technology in future mass production phase. In particular, we found that for 50 ml water droplets, weeding angle larger than about 70 degree provides immersion process free of immersion-specific defects. We successfully demonstrated very effective defect analysis technique named DSA (defect source analysis) to show what defects are immersion-specific. We also revealed the defect generation mechanism of each defect types. Deep understanding of defectivity behavior leads to a conclusion that immersion lithography is viable for IC manufacture at 45 nm node
Supply and threshold voltage optimization for low power design (1997)

Article Supply and threshold voltage optimization for low power design Share on Authors: David J. Frank IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Paul Solomon IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Scott Reynolds IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , John Shin Hyundai Electronics Industries, Korea Hyundai Electronics Industries, KoreaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '97: Proceedings of the 1997 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 1997 Pages 317–322https://doi.org/10.1145/263272.263364Online:01 August 1997Publication History 20citation343DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads343Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The Gq signalling pathway inhibits brown and beige adipose tissue (2016)

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates nutritional energy as heat via the uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and BAT activity correlates with leanness in human adults. Here we profile G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in brown adipocytes to identify druggable regulators of BAT. Twenty-one per cent of the GPCRs link to the Gq family, and inhibition of Gq signalling enhances differentiation of human and murine brown adipocytes. In contrast, activation of Gq signalling abrogates brown adipogenesis. We further identify the endothelin/Ednra pathway as an autocrine activator of Gq signalling in brown adipocytes. Expression of a constitutively active Gq protein in mice reduces UCP1 expression in BAT, whole-body energy expenditure and the number of brown-like/beige cells in white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, expression of Gq in human WAT inversely correlates with UCP1 expression. Thus, our data indicate that Gq signalling regulates brown/beige adipocytes and inhibition of Gq signalling may be a novel therapeutic approach to combat obesity.
Development of High Critical Current Density Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Superconducting Wires (2015)

Nb3Sn wires are widely used for high-field superconducting magnets. For the improvement of superconducting properties, several producing processes have been developed such as bronze-route process, internal diffusion process and powderin-tube process. Nb3Sn wires of high critical current density (Jc) can contribute to advanced applications: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers are the most successful case. This paper reviews the manufacturing processes of Nb3Sn in each case, reviewing the Jc improvement methodology first. Then, the research on high Jc Nb3Sn wires at Kobe Steel, Ltd. and Japan Superconductor Technology, Inc. is described. We have achieved high Jc Nb3Sn wires by focusing development on the amount of Nb3Sn phase and grain size composition. We have also developed Nb3Sn wire for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project. These wires are utilized for high field superconducting magnet applications.
Fibroblasts from recurrent fibrotic overgrowths reveal high rate of proliferation in vitro - findings from the study of hereditary and idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (2018)

The study revealed that recurrent gingival overgrowths consist of highly fibrotic and dense connective tissue with numerous blood vessels and abundant fibroblasts. We also demonstrated that unlike fibroblasts derived from overgrowths, which did not present recurrence, fibroblasts derived from highly fibrotic and recurrent overgrowths maintain high rate of proliferation in vitro.
Biodegradation of Methyl tert -Butyl Ether and Other Fuel Oxygenates by a New Strain, Mycobacterium austroafricanum IFP 2012 (2002)

A strain that efficiently degraded methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) was obtained by initial selection on the recalcitrant compound tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). This strain, a gram-positive methylotrophic bacterium identified as Mycobacterium austroafricanum IFP 2012, was also able to degrade tert-amyl methyl ether and tert-amyl alcohol. Ethyl tert-butyl ether was weakly degraded. tert-Butyl formate and 2-hydroxy isobutyrate (HIBA), two intermediates in the MTBE catabolism pathway, were detected during growth on MTBE. A positive effect of Co2+ during growth of M. austroafricanum IFP 2012 on HIBA was demonstrated. The specific rate of MTBE degradation was 0.6 mmol/h/g (dry weight) of cells, and the biomass yield on MTBE was 0.44 g (dry weight) per g of MTBE. MTBE, TBA, and HIBA degradation activities were induced by MTBE and TBA, and TBA was a good inducer. Involvement of at least one monooxygenase during degradation of MTBE and TBA was shown by (i) the requirement for oxygen, (ii) the production of propylene epoxide from propylene by MTBE- or TBA- grown cells, and (iii) the inhibition of MTBE or TBA degradation and of propylene epoxide production by acetylene. No cytochrome P-450 was detected in MTBE- or TBA-grown cells. Similar protein profiles were obtained after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of crude extracts from MTBE- and TBA-grown cells. Among the polypeptides induced by these substrates, two polypeptides (66 and 27 kDa) exhibited strong similarities with known oxidoreductases.
Supplementary Table 1 from Impact of Screening Test Performance and Cost on Mortality Reduction and Cost-effectiveness of Multimodal Ovarian Cancer Screening (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 17K, Sensitivity analysis around the input parameters for sensitivity of CA125 (first line screen) and TVS (second line screen)&lt;/p&gt;
Learning attention map from images (2012)

While bottom-up and top-down processes have shown effectiveness during predicting attention and eye fixation maps on images, in this paper, inspired by the perceptual organization mechanism before attention selection, we propose to utilize figure-ground maps for the purpose. So as to take both pixel-wise and region-wise interactions into consideration when predicting label probabilities for each pixel, we develop a context-aware model based on multiple segmentation to obtain final results. The MIT attention dataset [14] is applied finally to evaluate both new features and model. Quantitative experiments demonstrate that figure-ground cues are valid in predicting attention selection, and our proposed model produces improvements over baseline method.
A novel design of a retarding field electron energy analyzer with a cavity electrode providing extremely high energy resolution (2023)

An electron energy analyzer based on the retarding electrostatic field generated by a cavity electrode was prototyped, where the designed energy resolution is smaller than 10 meV at acceleration voltages Vo less than 5 kV and a half angle spread θo less than 20 mrad for the incident electron beams with the scanning voltage range of 3 V. Precise energy resolution, however, has not been recognized experimentally because of the difficulties of equipping such a narrow energy spread electron source. This paper describes the principle of the newly developed energy analyzer and shows the obtained energy spectra from a Schottky emitter ZrO/W(100) with a tip of the curvature radius of 1.5 μm, which could highly reproduce the theoretically expected spectra at various emitter temperatures because of its predominantly thermal emission.
Automation and workflow considerations for embedding Digimarc Barcodes at scale (2015)

The Digimarc® Barcode is a digital watermark applied to packages and variable data labels that carries GS1 standard GTIN-14 data traditionally carried by a 1-D barcode. The Digimarc Barcode can be read with smartphones and imaging-based barcode readers commonly used in grocery and retail environments. Using smartphones, consumers can engage with products and retailers can materially increase the speed of check-out, increasing store margins and providing a better experience for shoppers. Internal testing has shown an average of 53% increase in scanning throughput, enabling 100’s of millions of dollars in cost savings [1] for retailers when deployed at scale. To get to scale, the process of embedding a digital watermark must be automated and integrated within existing workflows. Creating the tools and processes to do so represents a new challenge for the watermarking community. This paper presents a description and an analysis of the workflow implemented by Digimarc to deploy the Digimarc Barcode at scale. An overview of the tools created and lessons learned during the introduction of technology to the market are provided.
A Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Prediction Model for Prostate Biopsy Risk Stratification (2018)

The inclusion of MRI-derived parameters in a risk model could reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies while maintaining a high rate of diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancers.
Hidden Markov Models derived from Behavior Trees (2019)

Behavior trees are rapidly attracting interest in robotics and human task-related motion tracking. However no algorithms currently exist to track or identify parameters of BTs under noisy observations. We report a new relationship between BTs, augmented with statistical information, and Hidden Markov Models. Exploiting this relationship will allow application of many algorithms for HMMs (and dynamic Bayesian networks) to data acquired from BT-based systems.