gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of the Investigation and Detection of Legionellosis Agent in the Environmental Samples during the Preparation and Holding of the XXII Winter Olympics and XI Paralympics in Sochi (2015)

Provided are the data on the management and carrying out of the laboratory control over the hot-water supply systems of the sports venues and accommodation areas for the presence of Legionella pneumophila during the XXII Olympics and XI Paralympics in Sochi, 2014. Inspected have been 105 facilities. The samples from 37 of them showed positive. L. pneumophila DNA concentration varies between 2.19·10 2 and 3.92·10 7 genome equivalents (g.e.)/l. By means of bacteriological investigation detected have been legionella colonies in the water supply systems of 16 facilities, at one of the items - the loading is over 1·10 4 colony-forming units/l. Performed has been comparative analysis of the results obtained using PCR assay and bacteriological test. Based on the genotyping of 7 isolated strains serogroup 1 and 2 strains of 2-14 serogroups it is concluded that L. pneumophila strains circulating in the resort town Sochi are genetically heterogeneous.
Supplementary Fig. S1 from AMG 479, a fully human anti–insulin-like growth factor receptor type I monoclonal antibody, inhibits the growth and survival of pancreatic carcinoma cells (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S1 from AMG 479, a fully human anti–insulin-like growth factor receptor type I monoclonal antibody, inhibits the growth and survival of pancreatic carcinoma cells
Rewritable Optical Patterns in Light-Responsive Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene (2019)

Spiropyran is used as a photochromic dye to create colored patterns in highly drawn ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE) films. The dye is incorporated in highly crystalline, drawn UHMW PE tapes and fibers and isomerizes to its merocyanine state upon UV light irradiation, resulting in a color change from transparent to purple. The isomerization from merocyanine to spiropyran to erase the color can be simply induced by using heat or a green LED light. The combination of the use of a mask and the reversibility of the isomerization results in colored patterns that can be written, erased, and rewritten using UV light and heat or green LED light.
Ion-molecule reaction chemistry of ionic transition-metal carbonyl cluster fragments. 1. Ligand-exchange reactions of chromium carbonyl (Cr2(CO)y+) ions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-molecule reaction chemistry of ionic transition-metal carbonyl cluster fragments. 1. Ligand-exchange reactions of chromium carbonyl (Cr2(CO)y+) ionsL. Sellers-Hann and D. H. RussellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 16, 5953–5959Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00172a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00172a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural determinants of inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain K by KYT-36, a potent, selective, and bioavailable peptidase inhibitor (2019)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a member of the dysbiotic oral microbiome and a "keystone pathogen" that causes severe periodontal disease, which is among the most prevalent infectious diseases. Part of the virulence factors secreted by P. gingivalis are the essential cysteine peptidases gingipain K (Kgp) and R (RgpA and RgpB), which account for 85% of the extracellular proteolytic activity of the pathogen and are thus prime targets for inhibition. We report the high-resolution (1.20 Å) complex structure of Kgp with KYT-36, a peptide-derived, potent, bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor, which is widely used for studies in vitro, in cells and in vivo. Sub-nanomolar inhibition of Kgp is achieved by tight binding to the active-site cleft, which is covered for its sub-sites S<sub>3</sub> through S<sub>1</sub>' under establishment of nine hydrophobic interactions, 14 hydrogen bonds and one salt bridge. In addition, an inhibitor carbonyl carbon that mimics the scissile carbonyl of substrates is pyramidalized and just 2.02 Å away from the catalytic nucleophile of Kgp, C<sup>477</sup>Sγ. Thus, the crystal structure emulates a reaction intermediate of the first nucleophilic attack during catalysis of cysteine peptidases. The present study sets the pace for the development of tailored next-generation drugs to tackle P. gingivalis.
Electrowetting without external voltage using paint-on electrodes (2017)

Electrowetting uses voltage to manipulate small volumes of fluid for applications including lab-on-a-chip and optical devices. To avoid electrochemical reactions, a dielectric often separates the fluid from the electrode, which has the undesired effect of adding processing steps while increasing the voltage necessary for electrowetting. We present a new method to dramatically reduce the complexity of electrode and dielectric fabrication while enabling multiple performance advances. This method relies on a self-oxidizing paint-on liquid-metal electrode that can be fabricated in minutes on rigid, rough, or even elastic substrates, enabling low operation voltages (<1 V), and self-healing upon dielectric breakdown. Furthermore, due to the non-negligible 'potential of zero charge', electrowetting occurs by simply short circuiting the electrodes. This work opens up new application spaces for electrowetting (e.g. stretchable substrates, soft and injectable electrodes) while achieving large changes in contact angle without the need for an external power supply.
Transport Mechanisms of Squalenoyl-Adenosine Nanoparticles Across the Blood–Brain Barrier (2015)

Drug delivery to the brain is one of the major challenges in the treatment of cerebral diseases and implies extensive understanding of nanomedicine transcytosis pathways across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we investigated the interaction of squalenoyl-adenosine nanoassemblies (SQAd NAs) with human brain endothelial cells, concerning their endocytotic pathway using chemical inhibitors and nanostructure integrity using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Practically, SQAd NAs were labeled with two different organic dyes as a donor–acceptor FRET pair to form FRET SQAd NAs with diameters of ca. 120 nm. Using the human cerebral endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3, as a well-recognized BBB model, we demonstrated that the NAs were internalized mainly by LDL receptors-mediated endocytosis, then progressively disassembled inside the cells, and finally exocytosed as single molecules. These observations allow explaining the previously described pharmacological efficiency of the SQAd NAs in both a cerebral ischemia model and a spinal cord injury model, confirming that the endothelial cells of the neurovascular unit may represent a very promising therapeutic target for the treatment of certain neurological diseases.
tert-Butyl(trifluoromethyl)tellurium: a novel organometallic chemical vapor deposition source for zinc telluride (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTtert-Butyl(trifluoromethyl)tellurium: a novel organometallic chemical vapor deposition source for zinc tellurideMichal Danek, Sanjay Patnaik, Klavs F. Jensen, Douglas C. Gordon, Duncan W. Brown, and Rein U. KirssCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 9, 1321–1326Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00033a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Deletion of Yersinia pestis ail Causes Temperature-Sensitive Pleiotropic Effects, Including Cell Lysis, That Are Suppressed by Carbon Source, Cations, or Loss of Phospholipase A Activity (2021)

Maintenance of phospholipid (PL) and lipopoly- or lipooligosaccharide (LPS or LOS) asymmetry in the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is essential but poorly understood. The Yersinia pestis OM Ail protein was required to maintain lipid homeostasis and cell integrity at elevated temperature (37°C). Loss of this protein had pleiotropic effects. A Y. pestis <i>Δail</i> mutant and KIM6<sup>+</sup> wild type were systematically compared for (i) growth requirements at 37°C, (ii) cell structure, (iii) antibiotic and detergent sensitivity, (iv) proteins released into supernatants, (v) induction of the heat shock response, and (vi) physiological and genetic suppressors that restored the wild-type phenotype. The <i>Δail</i> mutant grew normally at 28°C but lysed at 37°C when it entered stationary phase, as shown by cell count, SDS-PAGE of cell supernatants, and electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the <i>Δail</i> mutant did not assemble Caf1 capsule. Expression of heat shock promoter <i>rpoE</i> or <i>rpoH</i> fused to a <i>lux</i> operon reporter were not induced when the <i>Δail</i> mutant was shifted from 28°C to 37°C (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and <i>P</i> < 0.01, respectively). Mutant lysis was suppressed by addition of 11 mM glucose, 22 or 44 mM glycerol, 2.5 mM Ca<sup>2+</sup>, or 2.5 mM Mg<sup>2+</sup> to the growth medium or by a mutation in the phospholipase A gene (<i>pldA</i>::miniTn<i>5</i>, <i>ΔpldA</i>, or PldA<sup>S164A</sup>). A model accounting for the temperature-sensitive lysis of the <i>Δail</i> mutant and the Ail-dependent stabilization of the OM tetraacylated LOS at 37°C is presented. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> The Gram-negative pathogen Yersinia pestis transitions between a flea vector (ambient temperature) and a mammalian host (37°C). In response to 37°C, Y. pestis modifies its outer membrane (OM) by reducing the fatty acid content in lipid A, changing the outer leaflet from being predominantly hexaacylated to being predominantly tetraacylated. It also increases the Ail concentration, so it becomes the most prominent OM protein. Both measures are needed for Y. pestis to evade the host innate immune response. Deletion of <i>ail</i> destabilizes the OM at 37°C, causing the cells to lyse. These results show that a protein is essential for maintaining lipid asymmetry and lipid homeostasis in the bacterial OM.
A novel regulatory role of TRAPPC9 in L‐plastin‐mediated osteoclast actin ring formation (2019)

Trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9) is a major subunit of the TRAPPII complex. TRAPPC9 has been reported to bind nuclear factor κB kinase subunit β (IKKβ) and NF-kB-inducing kinase (NIK) where it plays a role in the canonical and noncanonical of nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) signaling pathways, receptively. The role of TRAPPC9 in protein trafficking and cytoskeleton organization in osteoclast (OC) has not been studied yet. In this study, we examined the mRNA expression of TRAPPC9 during OC differentiation. Next, we examined the colocalization of TRAPPC9 with cathepsin-K, known to mediate OC resorption suggesting that TRAPPC9 mediates the trafficking pathway within OC. To identify TRAPPC9 protein partners important for OC-mediated cytoskeleton re-organization, we conducted immunoprecipitation of TRAPPC9 in mature OCs followed by mass spectrometry analysis. Our data showed that TRAPPC9 binds various protein partners. One protein with high recovery rate is L-plastin (LPL). LPL localizes at the podosomes and reported to play a crucial role in actin aggregation thereby actin ring formation and OC function. Although the role of LPL in OC-mediated bone resorption has not fully reported in detail. Here, first, we confirmed the binding of LPL to TRAPPC9 and, then, we investigated the potential regulatory role of TRAPPC9 in LPL-mediated OC cytoskeleton reorganization. We assessed the localization of TRAPPC9 and LPL in OC and found that TRAPPC9 is colocalized with LPL at the periphery of OC. Next, we determined the effect of TRAPPC9 overexpression on LPL recruitment to the actin ring using a viral system. Interestingly, our data showed that TRAPPC9 overexpression promotes the recruitment of LPL to the actin ring when compared with control cultures. In addition, we observed that TRAPPC9 overexpression reorganizes actin clusters/aggregates and regulates vinculin recruitment into the OC periphery to initiate podosome formation.
Predicting Deep Zero-Shot Convolutional Neural Networks using Textual Descriptions (2015)

One of the main challenges in Zero-Shot Learning of visual categories is gathering semantic attributes to accompany images. Recent work has shown that learning from textual descriptions, such as Wikipedia articles, avoids the problem of having to explicitly define these attributes. We present a new model that can classify unseen categories from their textual description. Specifically, we use text features to predict the output weights of both the convolutional and the fully connected layers in a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). We take advantage of the architecture of CNNs and learn features at different layers, rather than just learning an embedding space for both modalities, as is common with existing approaches. The proposed model also allows us to automatically generate a list of pseudo- attributes for each visual category consisting of words from Wikipedia articles. We train our models end-to-end us- ing the Caltech-UCSD bird and flower datasets and evaluate both ROC and Precision-Recall curves. Our empirical results show that the proposed model significantly outperforms previous methods.
Stability of the Reaction Intermediates of Ethylbenzene Disproportionation over Medium-Pore Zeolites with Different Framework Topologies: A Theoretical Investigation (2013)

The strain energies of the main reaction intermediates (i.e., monoethylated diphenylethane (mEDPE) and diethylated diphenylethane (dEDPE) derivatives), which can be formed during ethylbenzene (EB) disproportionation over six 10-ring zeolites with different framework topologies, as well as over the large-pore zeolite Y, were determined by the density functional theory calculations in order to more precisely investigate the effects of the pore structure of medium-pore zeolites on their formations. It was found that while the strain energies of mEDPE and dEDPE intermediates in zeolite Y, MCM-22 and TNU-9, were always lower than 19.6 kJ mol–1, some of them were characterized by considerably higher energies (>32.8 kJ mol–1) when positioned in the intersection channels of ZSM-5 and ZSM-57. As expected, in addition, all the mEDPE and dEDPE derivatives embedded in TNU-10 and ZSM-22 with narrower 10-ring channels were strongly distorted, giving them much higher strain energies (>37.7 kJ mol–1), which were in excellent agreements with our recently reported experimental results (J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 115, 16124). This led us to conclude that the size and shape of void spaces in the medium-pore zeolites play a crucial role in governing the type of mEDPE and dEDPE formations during the EB disproportionation. Our work also shows that the strain energies of various reaction intermediates confined within zeolites with different pore topologies could be regarded as a useful quantitative means in better understanding the shape-selective nature of this important class of microporous crystalline catalysts.
Turbulent wall heat transfer in an asymmetric confined jet. (1987)

Heat transfer experiments for an asymmetric confined jet have been made for several nozzle locations of different eccentricities. The Craya-Curtet number, usually regarded as a similitude parameter for the flow pattern of an axisymmetric confined jet, has been found to be a useful parameter for correlating the measured heat transfer data. Therefore, it can be regarded to be a similitude parameter for heat transfer in the studied type of separating and reattaching flow. Measured values of the maximum Nusselt number and their positions at different peripheral angles θ have been plotted against the space L between the tube wall and the nozzle corresponding to each peripheral angle. Form this examination, a possibly existing secondary flow in a cross section has been suggested to affect the heat transfer characteristics of an asymmetric confined jet only slightly. Lastly, it has been found that slightly better overall heat transfer can be obtained with a larger eccentricity of nozzle location.
Efficient Transfer of CD40L mRNA into Mantle Cell Lymphoma for the Production of a Whole Tumor Cell Vaccine. (2007)

Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with the worst long-term prognosis of any NHL subtype. Current therapeutic options are unsatisfactory. MCL patients’ malignant B cells are ineffective antigen-presenting cells (APCs), perhaps resulting from low level expression of the immune co-stimulatory molecules that are essential to activate T cells upon interaction with the T-cell receptor. The MCL cells can be engineered to be effective APCs and thereby function as a therapeutic cellular vaccine in combination with chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplantation to eradicate residual disease. However, primary MCL cells are difficult targets for gene transfer by both viral and non-viral methodologies. Ligation of CD40 resulting from co-culturing with hCD40L expressing murine fibroblasts was shown to be superior to a panel of other immune stimulants and cytokines in upregulating co-stimulatory markers and inducing anti-tumor T cell responses (Hoogendoorn et al. 2005). We now report on a technology platform, based on electroporation of mRNA for CD40L, for the introduction of CD40L protein expression and subsequent induction of immune co-stimulatory molecules by MCL tumor cells. Primary MCL malignant B cells were obtained from patients’ lymph node biopsies by mechanical dissociation, placed in single cell suspension and cryopreserved prior to modification. Full-length 5′-end capped hCD40L mRNA transcript was generated by in vitro transcription with a commercially available T7 polymerase kit. The transfected MCL cells were immunostained with fluorophore-conjugated monoclonal antibodies against hCD40L, hCD80 and 86 then analyzed by FACS. Data showed hCD40L could be detected in ≥ 80% of the transfected MCL cells as early as 2 hrs post transfection. At 3 days post manipulation, hDC40L expression could be detected on approximately 30% of the transfected MCL cells. Cell viability remained at approximately 80% during the 3 day in vitro culturing. FACS analysis of the immune co-stimulatory molecules revealed that forced expression of hCD40L caused an up-regulation of CD80/86, which was increased approximately 10 fold compared to the expression levels in naïve, non modified cells. The increased expression level of CD80/86 was maintained for 3 days. Furthermore, when the hCD40L modified MCL cells were mixed with allogeneic PBMC, they stimulated IFN-γ production at a level 4 fold higher than was observed with naïve, non modified MCL cells mixed with allogeneic PBMC. This provides proof-of-concept that MCL cells modified by mRNA-hCD40L transfection have the potential to be used as a cellular vaccine. Such transduced cells function to protect animals from tumor challenge. The process can be scaled up to produce &amp;gt;2×1010 modified tumor cells. This simple, non-viral cell manipulation system is practical and will be a useful tool for immunotherapy of human hematopoietic malignancies such as MCL.
Sex Differences in Clinical Outcomes Following Surgical Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement (2021)

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Maximum diversity detection for layered space-time codes (2004)

We propose a new iterative signal processing algorithm, which can be seen as an extension of many well-known detection algorithms for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels, e.g. zero-forcing (ZF) and successive nulling and cancellation algorithms. In this paper, we apply our algorithm to the VBLAST algorithm proposed by [Wolniansky, PW, et al., 1998] and the ZF algorithm. We show, that our approach takes advantage of the maximum available diversity level to improve the initial data estimate obtained by nulling the cancellation (or ZF) algorithm with a minimum additional effort. Simulation results show significant improvements in comparison to ZF and the regular VBLAST system considered in [Wolniansky, PW, et al., 1998] in terms of complexity and performance.
Temperature tuning of a semiconducting-polymer DFB laser (2005)

Temperature tuning of an optically-pumped distributed-feedback laser formed by a thin film of MEH-PPV semiconducting polymer is reported. The tuning coefficient about 625 nm was approximately -0.4 nm/K, mainly attributable to the thermooptic coefficient of the MEH-PPV.
CALCS 2021 Shared Task: Machine Translation for Code-Switched Data (2022)

To date, efforts in the code-switching literature have focused for the most part on language identification, POS, NER, and syntactic parsing. In this paper, we address machine translation for code-switched social media data. We create a community shared task. We provide two modalities for participation: supervised and unsupervised. For the supervised setting, participants are challenged to translate English into Hindi-English (Eng-Hinglish) in a single direction. For the unsupervised setting, we provide the following language pairs: English and Spanish-English (Eng-Spanglish), and English and Modern Standard Arabic-Egyptian Arabic (Eng-MSAEA) in both directions. We share insights and challenges in curating the "into" code-switching language evaluation data. Further, we provide baselines for all language pairs in the shared task. The leaderboard for the shared task comprises 12 individual system submissions corresponding to 5 different teams. The best performance achieved is 12.67% BLEU score for English to Hinglish and 25.72% BLEU score for MSAEA to English.
Total Synthesis of Iejimalide A—D (I) and Assessment of the Remarkable Actin‐Depolymerizing Capacity of these Polyene Macrolides. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.