gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy (2008)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Aug 2008Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy Ralph ClaymanM.D. Ralph ClaymanRalph Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.04.090AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy." The Journal of Urology, 180(2), p. 531 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 180Issue 2August 2008Page: 531 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Ralph Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Differential responses of primary auditory cortex in autistic spectrum disorder with auditory hypersensitivity (2011)

The aim of this study was to investigate the differential responses of the primary auditory cortex to auditory stimuli in autistic spectrum disorder with or without auditory hypersensitivity. Auditory-evoked field values were obtained from 18 boys (nine with and nine without auditory hypersensitivity) with autistic spectrum disorder and 12 age-matched controls. Autistic disorder with hypersensitivity showed significantly more delayed M50/M100 peak latencies than autistic disorder without hypersensitivity or the control. M50 dipole moments in the hypersensitivity group were larger than those in the other two groups [corrected]. M50/M100 peak latencies were correlated with the severity of auditory hypersensitivity; furthermore, severe hypersensitivity induced more behavioral problems. This study indicates auditory hypersensitivity in autistic spectrum disorder as a characteristic response of the primary auditory cortex, possibly resulting from neurological immaturity or functional abnormalities in it.
Obinutuzumab‐induced acute thrombocytopenia: Report of two cases and review of literature (2023)

Obinutuzumab (GA101) is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Under rare occasions, obinutuzumab may induce acute and severe thrombocytopenia. However, little is known about this side effect, referred to as "obinutuzumab-induced acute thrombocytopenia" (OIAT). Here, we report 2 cases of OIAT and review the literature to inform the management and outcome of this rare but life-threatening complication. The first case is a 74 year- old woman who was treated with obinutuzumab-Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Prednisone (CVP) for a previously untreated follicular lymphoma. This patient experienced an acute thrombocytopenia with a drop in her platelet count from 376 G/L to 3 G/L the day after treatment. The second case is a 44 year- old woman who was treated with obinutuzumab as a pre-treatment dose (day-8) before glofitamab infusion as a 4th line therapy for mantle cell lymphoma. This patient experienced an acute thrombocytopenia with a drop in her platelet count from 76 G/L (due to splenomegaly and bone marrow involvement) to 3 G/L the day after treatment. OIAT is a rare but life-threatening complication. Physicians should be aware of this adverse event to optimally detect and treat this complication.
Multi-objects Generation with Amortized Structural Regularization (2019)

Deep generative models (DGMs) have shown promise in image generation. However, most of the existing methods learn a model by simply optimizing a divergence between the marginal distributions of the model and the data, and often fail to capture rich structures, such as attributes of objects and their relationships, in an image. Human knowledge is a crucial element to the success of DGMs to infer these structures, especially in unsupervised learning. In this paper, we propose amortized structural regularization (ASR), which adopts posterior regularization (PR) to embed human knowledge into DGMs via a set of structural constraints. We derive a lower bound of the regularized log-likelihood in PR and adopt the amortized inference technique to jointly optimize the generative model and an auxiliary recognition model for inference efficiently. Empirical results show that ASR outperforms the DGM baselines in terms of inference performance and sample quality.
Supplementary Table S2 from <i>BIRC6</i> Targeting as Potential Therapy for Advanced, Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene expression changes in GPCR signalling genesets associated with ASO-6w2 treatment of LTL-313BR xenografts&lt;/p&gt;
Bits to Bitcoin (2018)

An accessible guide to our digital infrastructure, explaining the basics of operating systems, networks, security, and other topics for the general reader. Most of us feel at home in front of a computer; we own smartphones, tablets, and laptops; we look things up online and check social media to see what our friends are doing. But we may be a bit fuzzy about how any of this really works. In Bits to Bitcoin, Mark Stuart Day offers an accessible guide to our digital infrastructure, explaining the basics of operating systems, networks, security, and related topics for the general reader. He takes the reader from a single process to multiple processes that interact with each other; he explores processes that fail and processes that overcome failures; and he examines processes that attack each other or defend themselves against attacks. Day tells us that steps are digital but ramps are analog; that computation is about “doing something with stuff” and that both the “stuff” and the “doing” can be digital. He explains timesharing, deadlock, and thrashing; virtual memory and virtual machines; packets and networks; resources and servers; secret keys and public keys; Moore's law and Thompson's hack. He describes how building in redundancy guards against failure and how endpoints communicate across the Internet. He explains why programs crash or have other bugs, why they are attacked by viruses, and why those problems are hard to fix. Finally, after examining secrets, trust, and cheating, he explains the mechanisms that allow the Bitcoin system to record money transfers accurately while fending off attacks.
Upstream-influence scaling of fin-generated shock wave boundary-layer interactions (1990)

An upstream-influence scaling law, previously formulated through analysis of Mach 3 data, has been extended to Mach numbers from 2.5 through 4. For adiabatic, equilibrium, turbulent boundary layers, there is no Mach number effect on the constants in the Reynolds number parameters of this law. In addition, based on local similarity, a new Mach number parameter, namely, the Mach number component of the incoming stream normal to the farfield upstream influence, is proposed. Scaling by either the incoming Mach number normal to the inviscid shock or by the incoming Mach number normal to the farfield upstream influence is equivalent to scaling by the hypersonic similarity parameter.
Comparing Online Crowdsourcing with Clinic Patient Enrollment: Findings from the IP4IC Study on Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (Preprint) (2023)

<sec> <title>UNSTRUCTURED</title> Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) manifests as urinary symptoms including urgency, frequency, and pain. The IP4IC Study aimed to establish a urine-based biomarker score for diagnosing IC/BPS. To accomplish this objective, we investigated the parallels and variances between patients enrolled via physician/hospital clinics and those recruited through online crowdsourcing. Methods: Through a nationwide crowdsource effort we collected surveys from patients with history of IC/BPS. Study participants were asked to complete the validated instruments of Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI) as well as provide demographic information. We then compared the survey responses of patients recruited through crowdsourcing with those recruited from three specialized tertiary care urology clinics engaged in clinical research. Results: Survey responses of 1300 participants were collected from all 50 states of the USA via crowdsourcing and 319 from a clinical setting. ICSI and ICPI were similar for IC/BPS patients diagnosed by the physicians in clinic and self-reported by subjects via crowdsourcing stating they have a history of previous physician diagnosis of IC/BPS. Surprisingly, ICSI and ICPI were significantly lower in crowdsourced control than in clinic control subjects. Conclusion: The IP4IC Study provides valuable insights into the similarities and differences between patients recruited through clinics and those recruited through online crowdsourcing. There were no significant differences in disease symptoms among these groups. Individuals who express an interest in digital health research and self-identify as having been previously diagnosed by physicians with IC/BPS can be regarded as reliable candidates for crowdsourcing research. </sec>
Reduced-Rate OFDM Transmission with Statistics-Based ICI Mitigation (2011)

In this paper, we develop a general reduced-rate orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission scheme for inter-subchannel interference (ICI) mitigation in a high-mobility environment. By transmit and receive preprocessing, we transform the original N-subcarrier OFDM system into an equivalent K-subcarrier one with significantly reduced ICI. In particular, we develop a general structure of transmit and receive preprocessing matrices so that the K subchannels in the equivalent OFDM system share a common average signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). Without requiring the instantaneous channel state information, we optimize the preprocessing coefficients to maximize the SIR based on channel statistics. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate that the developed reduced-rate OFDM transmission achieves significant performance improvements over the existing ICI self-cancellation schemes.
Interaction Trap/Two‐Hybrid System to Identify Interacting Proteins (2011)

The yeast two-hybrid method (or interaction trap) is a powerful technique for detecting protein interactions. The procedure is performed using transcriptional activation of a dual reporter system in yeast to identify interactions between a protein of interest (the bait protein) and the candidate proteins for interaction. The method can be used to screen a protein library for interactions with a bait protein or to test for association between proteins that are expected to interact based on prior evidence. Interaction mating facilitates the screening of a library with multiple bait proteins.
Cover Picture: Non‐Uniform Helix Unwinding of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals in Cells with Interdigitated Electrodes (ChemPhysChem 7/2014) (2014)

The cover image shows optical polarizing micrographs of a cholesteric liquid crystal in a cell with interdigitated electrodes for various applied voltages (increasing from top to bottom). On p. 1311 T. J. Bunning et al. report that in cells with narrow gaps between the electrodes, the pitch elongation is not uniform through the thickness of the cell, as a result of electric field gradients. This leads to different voltage-induced color changes in the selective reflection band depending on the side of illumination of the cell, as illustrated by the reflection mode micrographs on the left and right side of the cover image.
Temperature dependence of turn-on process in 4H-SiCthyristors (1997)

The turn-on process in 4H-SiC thyristors with a forward blocking voltage Ub ≃ 400 V has been investigated in the temperature range 160–500 K. The time constant of the current rise τr decreases monotonically with temperature, increasing from τr = 63 ns at T = 160 K to τr = 1.9 ns at T = 495 K.
Symmetrical Stabilization of Bound Ca2+ Ions in a Cooperative Pair of EF-Hands through Hydrogen Bonding of Coordinating Water Molecules in Calbindin D9k (2001)

Water molecules are found to complete the Ca2+ coordination sphere when a protein fails to provide enough ligating oxygens. Hydrogen bonding of these water molecules to the protein backbone or side chains may contribute favorably to the Ca2+ affinity, as suggested in an earlier study of two calbindin D(9k) mutants [E60D and E60Q; Linse et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 12478-12486]. To investigate the generality of this conclusion, another side chain, Gln 22, which hydrogen bonds to a Ca2+-coordinating water molecule in calbindin D(9k), was mutated. Two calbindin D(9k) mutants, (Q22E+P43M) and (Q22N+P43M), were constructed to examine the interaction between Gln 22 and the water molecule in the C-terminal calcium binding site II. Shortening of the side chain, as in (Q22N+P43M), reduces the affinity of binding two calcium ions by a factor of 18 at low ionic strength, whereas introduction of a negative charge, as in (Q22E+P43M), leads to a 12-fold reduction. In 0.15 M KCl, a 7-fold reduction in affinity was observed for both mutants. The cooperativity of Ca2+ binding increases for (Q22E+P43M), while it decreases for (Q22N+P43M). The rates of Ca2+ dissociation are 5.5-fold higher for the double mutants than for P43M at low ionic strength. For both mutants, reduced strength of hydrogen bonding to calcium-coordinating water molecules is a likely explanation for the observed effects on Ca2+ affinity and dissociation. In the apo forms, the (Q22E+P43M) mutant has lower stability toward urea denaturation than (Q22N+P43M) and P43M. 2D (1)H NMR and crystallographic experiments suggest that the structure of (Q22E+P43M) and (Q22N+P43M) is unchanged relative to P43M, except for local perturbations in the loop regions.
Abstract 4199: A transgenic mouse for imaging caspase-dependent apoptosis within the skin (2010)

Abstract Apoptosis is an essential process for the maintenance of normal physiology. The ability to non-invasively image apoptosis in living animals would provide unique insights into its role in normal and disease processes. Herein, a recombinant reporter consisting of LacZ gene flanked by two ER regulatory domains and intervening DEVD sequences was constructed to serve as a tool for invivo assessment of apoptotic activity. The results demonstrate that when expressed in its intact form, the hybrid reporter had undetectable β-galactosidase activity. Caspase-3 activation in response to an apoptotic stimulus resulted in cleavage of the reporter, and thereby reconstitution of β-galactosidase activity. Enzymatic activation of the reporter during an apoptotic event enabled non-invasive measurement of β-galactosidase activity in living cells, which correlated with traditional measures of apoptosis in a dose and time dependent manner. Furthermore, using a near-infrared fluorescent substrate of β-galactosidase (DDAOG), non-invasive in vivo imaging of apoptosis was achieved using a xenograft tumor model in response to pro-apoptotic therapy. Lastly, a transgenic mouse model was developed expressing the ER-LacZ-ER reporter within the skin. This reporter and transgenic mouse could serve as a unique tool for the study of apoptosis in living cells and animals especially in context of skin biology. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4199.
A new switching loss reduced discontinuous PWM scheme for a unidirectional three-phase/switch/level boost-type PWM (VIENNA) rectifier (1999)

In this paper the applicability of discontinuous modulation for a three-phase/switch/level PWM rectifier system is investigated. As an analysis of the voltage formation of the system shows, the clamping in intervals (in each case, of one bridge leg to one bus of the DC output circuit) being characteristic for discontinuous modulation can occur in regions lying symmetrically around the maxims of the related phase currents. This results in a maximum reduction of the switching power loss. The increase of the effective pulse frequency (as compared to continuous modulation for equal switching losses) made possible thereby is calculated analytically. Furthermore, by digital simulation the RMS value of the mains current harmonics resulting for discontinuous modulation and increased pulse frequency is determined in dependency on the modulation depth. Also, it is compared to the harmonic characteristic for harmonic optimal continuous modulation. The load on the power semiconductors and on the output capacitors (characterized by the RMS value and the amplitude of the low-frequency harmonics of the capacitor current) is included into the comparison of the modulation methods. Finally, the time shape of the phase modulation functions (to be provided for the control of the voltage formation of the system based on a subharmonic oscillation method) for discontinuous modulation is calculated and the control of the potential of the output voltage center point is discussed.
THE CENTRIFUGAL BLOOD PUMP WORKS AT THE LOWER PUMP DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE POINT EVEN UNDER HYPERTENSION (1999)

Akimoto, T; Yamazaki, K; Litwak, P; Litwak, K; Tagusari, O; Mori, T; Antaki, J F; Kameneva, M; Watach, M; Umezu, M; Tomioka, J; Kormos, R K; Koyanagi, H; Griffith, B P
High performance digital circuit design using Ballistic Nano-electronics (2010)

With modern CMOS technology already close to approaching the limits of lithography, serious doubts exist over the ability of the standard CMOS ASIC design approach to deliver the required complexity, integration density and computational capability. This has prompted increasing research in novel non-CMOS devices to address the issues of modern day computing. This paper presents an investigation into the feasibility of recently proposed Ballistic Deflection Transistors (BDT) for future generation Terahertz computing. By means of Monte Carlo modeling we show that the device is capable of entering into the THz range at room temperature. We propose an analytical expression which can be used to describe an accurate behavioral model of BDT in Verilog-A, to serve as the first generation Predictive Technology Model for the Ballistic Deflection Transistor. We conclude presenting structures for various logic gates developed using the BDT.
Terahertz characterisation of building materials (2005)

To obtain realistic models for propagation channels in future pico-cellular indoor terahertz communication systems it is necessary to know the reflective properties of building materials found in a typical office environment. The angular dependent reflection coefficients of different building materials were determined using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission geometry and Fresnel&apos;s equations. This approach is more efficient than a set of measurements in reflection geometry for different angles. Verification of the method with a set of such reflection measurements shows an excellent agreement.
Relationship Between Mainstream Cigarette Smoke “Tar” and Nicotine Yields (2013)

Abstract The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between mainstream “tar” and nicotine yields and refine the commonly used linear model with a positive intercept to incorporate non-linearity and product-toproduct differences in filler nicotine content. “Tar” and nicotine yields are examined for a wide range of cigarettes (U.S. and international) using the Cambridge filter (CF), ISO, and the more intense MDPH, and HC smoking methods. Particularly at very low machine yields, a nonlinearity is observed that can be more accurately modeled by a power law relationship, and can be further improved by incorporating the concentration of nicotine in the cigarette filler into the equation. The resultant power law relationship is the better statistical fit to the available data, avoids the physical implausibility of positive nicotine yield at zero “tar” yield and lack of dependence on filler nicotine that are inherent in the simple linear model relating nicotine yield to “tar” yield alone, and explains the nonconstancy of the “tar”-to-nicotine ratio. The relationship between “tar” and nicotine can be affected by the use of very long or very short puff intervals, and, with the same tobacco blend and the same “tar” yield, longer cigarettes tend to have a slightly higher nicotine yield than shorter cigarettes.
1H NMR Study of Molecular Motion of Benzene andn-Decane Confined in the Nanocavities of Metal–Organic Frameworks (2011)

The molecular motion of benzene and n-decane confined in the nanocavities of [Zn4O(O2CC6H4CO2)3]n (IRMOF-1) was investigated in terms of the temperature dependence of the proton spin–lattice relaxation time (1H T1). Both substances exhibited two components of T1, below 216 K for benzene and 181 K for n-decane, indicating that the guest molecules are localized separately in large and small cavities. For n-decane below 181 K, methyl reorientation is excited although the rate of reorientation in large and small cavities differed, whereas the overall motion was frozen. A thermal anomaly accompanies the translational diffusion of n-decane and is associated with melting of the confined n-decane. For benzene, translational diffusion was also excited at the thermal anomaly at 216 K, indicating melting of benzene molecular assemblies in IRMOF-1. Below 216 K, the molecular motions in the large and small cavities differed. In the large cavities, benzene undergoes isotropic reorientation, which is unaffected by the thermal anomaly at 150 K, whereas in small cavities in-plane C6 reorientation occurs, and the isotropic reorientation and the intracavity diffusion are successively excited as the temperature increases. In particular, the acceleration of the isotropic reorientation of benzene accompanies the thermal anomaly at 150 K, corresponding to the partial melting of molecular assemblies in the small cavities.
Cable discharges into communication interfaces (2006)

Current amplitudes of a cable discharge event (CDE) are a risk for electronic interfaces if a cable can discharge directly into a signal pin. CDE have been recorded for several cables in different configurations. CDE can be modeled by square pulses, thus, Transmission Line Pulsing is a good approach for characterizing interface pins and protection elements.