gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Figure S2 from Quantitative Whole Genome Sequencing of Circulating Tumor Cells Enables Personalized Combination Therapy of Metastatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Prevalence difference between early and late collection time points. We used allele fraction (prevalence), the ratio of compartments with reads supporting variant calls versus total calls, to further analyze changes between two collection time points, Early and Late. For each variant, prevalence was calculated using cells collected at Early and Late separately. Distribution of the difference between Early and Late prevalence are plotted. The prevalence difference between the two time points indicates whether tumor lineages stayed the same (difference = 0) or increased or decreased. The peak of the distribution is at 0 indicating tumor lineages survived the treatment, which is consistent with a lack of tumor response between these time points.&lt;/p&gt;
Measurement of ϒ production in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2018)

A bstract The production cross-sections of ϒ (1 S ), ϒ (2 S ) and ϒ (3 S ) mesons in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:math> TeV are measured with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 277 ± 11 pb −1 recorded by the LHCb experiment in 2015. The ϒ mesons are reconstructed in the decay mode ϒ → μ + μ − . The differential production cross-sections times the dimuon branching fractions are measured as a function of the ϒ transverse momentum, p T , and rapidity, y , over the range 0 &lt; p T &lt; 30 GeV /c and 2 . 0 &lt; y &lt; 4 . 5. The ratios of the cross-sections with respect to the LHCb measurement at $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:math> TeV are also determined. The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions based on NRQCD.
Bleeding events and safety outcomes in persons with haemophilia A with inhibitors: A prospective, multi‐centre, non‐interventional study (2018)

ABRs (treated bleeds and all bleeds) remain high on standard treatment; this prospective NIS demonstrates the need for more effective treatments for PwHA with inhibitors to reduce/prevent bleeds, with potential to improve prophylaxis adherence and further improve outcomes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the First 1‐Azaanalogues of L‐Sugars. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of sterically remote substituents on .pi.-facial stereoselectivity in additions to methylenecyclohexanes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of sterically remote substituents on .pi.-facial stereoselectivity in additions to methylenecyclohexanesCarl R. Johnson, Bradley D. Tait, and Andrzej S. CieplakCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 19, 5875–5876Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00253a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00253a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 32nm 0.5V-supply dual-read 6T SRAM (2010)

Dual read port SRAMs play a critical role in high performance cache designs, but stability and sensing challenges typically limit the low voltage operation. We report a high-performance dual read port 8-way set associative 6T SRAM with a one clock cycle access latency, in a 32nm metal-gate partially depleted (PD) SOI technology, for low-voltage applications. Hardware exhibits robust operation at 348MHz and 0.5V with a read and write power of 3.33 and 1.97mW, respectively, per 4.5KB active array with both read ports accessed at the highest activity data pattern. At a 0.6V supply, an access speed of 1.2GHz is observed.
A Coarse-to-Fine Framework for Dual-Arm Manipulation of Deformable Linear Objects with Whole-Body Obstacle Avoidance (2023)

Manipulating deformable linear objects (DLOs) to achieve desired shapes in constrained environments with obstacles is a meaningful but challenging task. Global planning is necessary for such a highly-constrained task; however, accurate models of DLOs required by planners are difficult to obtain owing to their deformable nature, and the inevitable modeling errors significantly affect the planning results, probably resulting in task failure if the robot simply executes the planned path in an open-loop manner. In this paper, we propose a coarse-to-fine framework to combine global planning and local control for dual-arm manipulation of DLOs, capable of precisely achieving desired configurations and avoiding potential collisions between the DLO, robot, and obstacles. Specifically, the global planner refers to a simple yet effective DLO energy model and computes a coarse path to find a feasible solution efficiently; then the local controller follows that path as guidance and further shapes it with closed-loop feedback to compensate for the planning errors and improve the task accuracy. Both simulations and real-world experiments demonstrate that our framework can robustly achieve desired DLO configurations in constrained environments with imprecise DLO models, which may not be reliably achieved by only planning or control.
Superior Oral Bioavailability in Beagle Dogs of Lutein Derived from a Novel Manufacturing Process (2017)

Objective Lutein, an essential micronutrient that plays a critical role in promoting immune health, is being developed commercially (as Lutea® 20) using a novel manufacturing process. Lutea® 20 features reduced lutein crystal size (&gt;99%&lt;0.5 microns) compared to an existing lutein‐containing product, Existing Lutein Product (ELP) (64%&lt;0.5 microns), along with enhanced stability without the requirement for including protective antioxidants. The objective of this study was to compare the oral bioavailability of lutein derived from Lutea® 20 (manufactured using novel technology) to that of lutein derived from ELP (manufactured using traditional technology). Methods The study was performed in 12 healthy Beagle dogs [pre‐study mean body weight (bw) of 14.3 ± 2.6 kg)] using a cross‐over, 4 × 4 Latin square design. Each animal was randomly assigned to one sequence group, and 1 of 4 treatments administered by oral gavage during each period, i.e., Lutea® 20 at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg bw and ELP at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg bw. All animals received all the treatments in sequence, with a between‐period wash‐out of 13–15 days. For each period, blood samples were collected from each animal at −24 h (pre‐administration sample), and at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h post‐dosing. Lutein concentration in plasma was determined using a novel, sensitive (theoretical limit of detection = 315 pg/ml; lower limit of quantitation = 2.5 ng/ml; upper limit of quantitation = 125 ng/ml), and precise [interday % coefficients of variation: 2.7% (2.5 ng/ml), 5.2% (12.5 ng/ml), 7.2% (125 ng/ml)] high performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet‐visible detection, validated as specified by the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products and the European Medicines Agency. Maximum plasma concentration (C max ) and the area under the curve (AUC) 0–48h were calculated for each animal in each period. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed Tukey's‐b post‐hoc test to determine differences in the C max and AUC 0–48h among groups. Results For both doses of each formulation, maximum plasma lutein concentrations occurred at 4–6 h and gradually returned to baseline by 24 h. For each dose, the C max (89, 112, 60, 79 ng/ml for 2.5 and 5 mg/kg Lutea, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg ELP, respectively) and the AUC 0–48h (1390, 1874, 986, 1324 ng • h/ml for 2.5 and 5 mg/kg Lutea® 20, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg ELP, respectively) for lutein were approximately 40–50% greater in the Lutea® 20 formulation compared to the existing formulation (P &lt; 0.05, Lutea® 20 vs ELP, for each parameter at each dose). Conclusion Lutein (Lutea® 20), produced using a novel manufacturing technology, possesses superior oral bioavailability compared to an existing lutein‐containing product (ELP), and this observed superiority was likely due to the smaller crystal size of lutein in Lutea® 20 compared to lutein in ELP. Support or Funding Information Novus International, St. Charles, MO USA
KILM: Knowledge Injection into Encoder-Decoder Language Models (2023)

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been shown to retain implicit knowledge within their parameters. To enhance this implicit knowledge, we propose Knowledge Injection into Language Models (KILM), a novel approach that injects entity-related knowledge into encoder-decoder PLMs, via a generative knowledge infilling objective through continued pre-training. This is done without architectural modifications to the PLMs or adding additional parameters. Experimental results over a suite of knowledge-intensive tasks spanning numerous datasets show that KILM enables models to retain more knowledge and hallucinate less, while preserving their original performance on general NLU and NLG tasks. KILM also demonstrates improved zero-shot performances on tasks such as entity disambiguation, outperforming state-of-the-art models having 30x more parameters.
Treatment of highly pathogenic filovirus infections using advanced antisense technology (2010)

Filoviruses, comprised of the Ebola viruses (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV), are highly pathogenic agents with human case fatality rates up to 90%. Periodic filovirus outbreaks occur in endemic regions of subSaharan Africa, and a new pathogenic EBOV species was discovered as recently as 2008, following an outbreak in Uganda. Additionally, these viruses are considered Category A biodefense pathogens. There exists an urgent need to develop effective antiviral therapeutics and vaccines to protect both civilian and military populations at risk of exposure. Our aim was to identify and develop effective antisense-based therapeutics for treatment of filovirus infections. We have previously shown that synthetic antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), which target EBOV-specific transcripts, confer partial protection to infected rodents and rhesus macaques. In this report, we describe the efficacy of a new class of positively charged PMOs (PMO+). Methods Using established rodent models of EBOV and MARV infections, we screened virus-specific PMO+ agents to identify combinations capable of protecting against lethal challenge. Efficacious PMO+ combinations were further evaluated in non-human primate models of filovirus infection. Results
Hirudin versus heparin for use in whole blood in vitro biocompatibility models (2008)

Heparin has traditionally been a widely used anticoagulant in blood research, but has been shown to be inappropriate for work with the complement system because of its complement-interacting properties. In this work, we have compared the effects of heparin with those of the specific thrombin inhibitor hirudin on complement and blood cells in vitro. Whole blood collected in the presence of hirudin (50 microg/mL) or heparin (1 IU/mL) was incubated in the slide chamber model. The plasma was analyzed for complement activation markers C3a and sC5b-9, and the polyvinylchloride test slides were stained for adhering cells. The integrity of the complement system was tested by incubating serum and hirudin-treated plasma in the presence of various activating agents. In contrast to heparin, the addition of hirudin generally preserved the complement reactivity, and complement activation in hirudin plasma closely resembled that in normal serum. Importantly, immunochemical staining of surface-bound cells demonstrated the inducible expression of tissue factor on bound monocytes from hirudin-treated blood, an effect that was completely abolished in heparin-treated blood. Our results indicate that hirudin as an anticoagulant produces more physiological conditions than heparin, making hirudin well-suited for in vitro studies, especially those addressing the regulation of cellular processes.
Vaccination with Cancer- and HIV Infection-Associated Endogenous Retrotransposable Elements Is Safe and Immunogenic (2012)

The expression of endogenous retrotransposable elements, including long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1 or L1) and human endogenous retrovirus, accompanies neoplastic transformation and infection with viruses such as HIV. The ability to engender immunity safely against such self-antigens would facilitate the development of novel vaccines and immunotherapies. In this article, we address the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with these elements. We used immunohistochemical analysis and literature precedent to identify potential off-target tissues in humans and establish their translatability in preclinical species to guide safety assessments. Immunization of mice with murine L1 open reading frame 2 induced strong CD8 T cell responses without detectable tissue damage. Similarly, immunization of rhesus macaques with human LINE-1 open reading frame 2 (96% identity with macaque), as well as simian endogenous retrovirus-K Gag and Env, induced polyfunctional T cell responses to all Ags, and Ab responses to simian endogenous retrovirus-K Env. There were no adverse safety or pathological findings related to vaccination. These studies provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, that immune responses can be induced safely against this class of self-antigens and pave the way for investigation of them as HIV- or tumor-associated targets.
Multiscale nature of network traffic (2002)

The complexity and richness of telecommunications traffic is such that one may despair to find any regularity or explanatory principles. Nonetheless, the discovery of scaling behavior in teletraffic has provided hope that parsimonious models can be found. The statistics of scaling behavior present many challenges, especially in nonstationary environments. In this article, we overview the state of the art in this area, focusing on the capabilities of the wavelet transform as a key tool for unraveling the mysteries of traffic statistics and dynamics.
Permeation Through SrCe[sub 0.9]Eu[sub 0.1]O[sub 3−δ]/Ni–SrCeO[sub 3] Tubular Hydrogen Separation Membranes (2009)

Thin-film membranes on tubular porous supports were developed to investigate hydrogen permeability. Appreciable and stable hydrogen permeation through these thin-film membranes was observed under humid hydrogen conditions, and their dependence on hydrogen permeation flux agrees with Norby and Larring's model [ Solid State Ion. , 136/137 , 139 (2000) ] in which protons and electrons are the dominant charge carriers. The magnitude of the activation energy for hydrogen permeation flux suggests that the hydrogen permeation flux is limited by electronic conductivity. Hydrogen permeation fluxes of were achieved from 97% and 3% at . On a membrane-area-normalized basis, this corresponds to a flux of . The hydrogen permeation is stable in humid hydrogen but degrades in dry hydrogen due to decomposition in very low .
Ultrastretchable, Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Sedimented Liquid Metal Elastomer Composite (2020)

Abstract Progress in soft and stretchable electronics depends on energy sources that are mechanically compliant, elastically deformable, and renewable. Energy harvesting using triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) made from soft materials provides a promising approach to address this critical need. Here, an elastomeric composite is introduced with sedimented liquid metal (LM) droplets for TENG‐based energy harvesting that relies on assembly of the LM to form phase‐separated conductive and insulating regions. The sedimented LM elastomer TENG (SLM‐TENG) exhibits ultrahigh stretchability (strain limit &gt; 500% strain), skin‐like compliance (modulus &lt; 60 kPa), reliable device stability ( &gt; 10 000 cycles), and appreciable electrical output performance (max peak power density = 1 mW cm −2 ). SLM‐TENGs can be integrated with highly elastic stretchable fabrics, thereby enabling broad integration with wearable electronics. A stretchable and wearable SLM‐TENG is demonstrated that harvests energy from human motion through a patch attached to the knee or integrated into exercise clothing. This body‐mounted TENG device can generate enough electricity to fully power a wearable computing device (hygro‐thermometer with digital display) after 2.2 min of running on a treadmill.
Inorganic Oxide Core, Polymer Shell Nanocomposite as a High K Gate Dielectric for Flexible Electronics Applications (2005)

Organic/inorganic core shell nanoparticles have been synthesized using high K TiO(2) as the core nanoparticle, and polystyrene as the shell. This material is easy to process and forms transparent continuous thin films, which exhibit a dielectric constant enhancement of over 3 times that of bulk polystyrene. This new dielectric material has been incorporated into capacitors and thin film transistors (TFTs). Mobilities approaching 0.2 cm(2)/V.s have been measured for pentacene TFTs incorporating the new TiO(2) polystyrene nanostructured gate dielectric, indicating good surface properties for pentacene film growth. This novel strategy for generating high K flexible gate dielectrics will be of value in improving organic and flexible electronic device performance.
Membrane Decoration by Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Bicontinuous Microemulsions (2000)

The effect of various amphiphilic block copolymers of different molar masses on the structure and phase behavior of ternary amphiphilic systems (water, oil, and nonionic surfactant) is investigated. Small amounts of PEP-PEO block copolymer lead to a dramatic increase in the volumes of oil and water, which can be solubilized in a bicontinuous microemulsion. High-precision neutron scattering experiments with a sophisticated contrast variation technique demonstrate that the polymers form uniformly distributed mushroom conformations on the surfactant membrane. Based on these observations, we propose a universal mechanism for the swelling behavior, which is due to the variation of the membrane curvature elasticity.
Numerical modeling in photonic crystals integrated technology: the COPERNICUS Project (2011)

Abstract—Photonic crystals will play a fundamental role in the future of optical communications. The relevance of the numerical modeling for the success of this technology is assessed by using some examples concerning the experience of the COPERNICUS Project. I.
Novelsfi1Alleles Uncover Additional Functions for Sfi1p in Bipolar Spindle Assembly and Function (2007)

A variety of spindle and kinetochore defects have been shown to induce a mitotic delay through activation of the spindle checkpoint. With the aim of identifying novel mitotic defects we carried out a mad1 synthetic lethal screen in budding yeast. In this screen, four novel alleles of sfi1 were isolated. SFI1 is an essential gene, previously identified through its interaction with centrin/CDC31 and shown to be required for spindle pole body (SPB) duplication. The new mutations were all found in the C-terminal domain of Sfi1p, which has no known function, but it is well conserved among budding yeasts. Analysis of the novel sfi1 mutants, through a combination of light and electron microscopy, revealed duplicated SPBs <0.3 microm apart. Importantly, these SPBs have completed duplication, but they are not separated, suggesting a possible defect in splitting of the bridge. We discuss possible roles for Sfi1p in this step in bipolar spindle assembly.
Dynamic imaging of muscle activity by optical tomography (2000)

We have explored the real-time response of the forearm vasculature to rhythmic contraction of antagonistic striated muscle groups. Dual-wavelength measurements were collected at 2 Hz, and the resulting image series (30 images per wavelength) was analyzed using appropriate time-series analysis methods This revealed absorption coefficient fluctuations that were spatially coincident with the relevant muscle groups, occurring at the expected frequency and with the expected phase relation between the involved flexors and extensors.
Investigations on the Interaction Behavior between Direct Reduced Iron and Various Melts (2022)

Since the European Union defined ambitious CO<sub>2</sub> emission targets, low-carbon-emission alternatives to the widespread integrated blast furnace (BF)-basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking strategy-are demanded. Direct reduction (DR) with natural gas as the reducing agent, already an industrially applied technology, is such an alternative. Consequently, the melting behavior of its intermediate product, i.e., direct reduced iron (DRI), in either an electric arc furnace (EAF) or a submerged arc furnace (SAF), is of great interest. Based on the conditions in these aggregates, a test series to experimentally simulate the first few seconds after charging DRI was defined. DRI samples with different carbon contents and hot briquetted iron (HBI) were immersed in high- and low-carbon melts as well as high- and low-iron oxide slags. The reacted samples were quenched in liquid nitrogen. The specimens were qualitatively evaluated by investigating their surfaces and cross sections. The dissolution of carbon-free DRI progressed relatively slowly and was driven by heat transfer. However, carbon, present either in the DRI sample or in the melt, not only accelerated the dissolution process, but also reacted with residual iron oxide in the pellet or the slag.
A Design Space for Surfacing Content Recommendations in Visual Analytic Platforms (2022)

Recommendation algorithms have been leveraged in various ways within visualization systems to assist users as they perform of a range of information tasks. One common focus for these techniques has been the recommendation of content, rather than visual form, as a means to assist users in the identification of information that is relevant to their task context. A wide variety of techniques have been proposed to address this general problem, with a range of design choices in how these solutions surface relevant information to users. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in how visualization systems surface recommended content to users during users' visual analysis; introduces a four-dimensional design space for visual content recommendation based on a characterization of prior work; and discusses key observations regarding common patterns and future research opportunities.