gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Titanium implant functionalization with phosphate‐containing polymers may favour in vivo osseointegration (2017)

Functionalizing titanium implants with inorganic or organic phosphate-containing polymers at 10 wt% concentration may stimulate peri-implant bone formation and implant osseointegration at early healing times.
Failed Globalisation: Inequality, Money, And The Renaissance Of The State (2020)

"Globalisation is considered a success story. Following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the dissolution of the political divides between East and West Germany, nothing seemed to stand in the way of peaceful cooperation between people everywhere. Under the precepts of economic liberalism, by removing institutional obstacles to international trade and capital flows, a spontaneous global order would emerge, and the dream of a world populated by free and prosperous global citizens would eventually come true. But in the wake of the worldwide financial crisis that began in 2007-2008, in the world of an ongoing Euro-Crisis, Trump and Brexit, it has become apparent that the great liberal project has failed. Neoclassical liberal economic theory has shown itself to be fundamentally incapable of explaining the dynamics of a market economy and in guiding economic policy in developed as well as in developing countries. Given the continuing dominance of that discredited theory today, the world lacks a viable conceptual framework for global cooperation among nations, and appropriate national economic policies. With this book, the authors show how such a framework can be built on the basis of a modern and empirically sound economic theory"--Publisher's website
Unsolved Medical Problems: Blood-brain barrier in neurodegenerative diseases: perspectives for Nanomedicine (2009)

Article Unsolved Medical Problems: Blood-brain barrier in neurodegenerative diseases: perspectives for Nanomedicine was published on January 1, 2009 in the journal European Journal of Nanomedicine (volume 2, issue 1).
Lower numbers of natural killer T cells in HIV‐1 and Mycobacterium leprae co‐infected patients (2012)

Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a heterogeneous population of lymphocytes that recognize antigens presented by CD1d and have attracted attention because of their potential role linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Peripheral NKT cells display a memory-activated phenotype and can rapidly secrete large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon antigenic activation. In this study, we evaluated NKT cells in the context of patients co-infected with HIV-1 and Mycobacterium leprae. The volunteers were enrolled into four groups: 22 healthy controls, 23 HIV-1-infected patients, 20 patients with leprosy and 17 patients with leprosy and HIV-1-infection. Flow cytometry and ELISPOT assays were performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We demonstrated that patients co-infected with HIV-1 and M. leprae have significantly lower NKT cell frequencies [median 0.022%, interquartile range (IQR): 0.007-0.051] in the peripheral blood when compared with healthy subjects (median 0.077%, IQR: 0.032-0.405, P < 0.01) or HIV-1 mono-infected patients (median 0.072%, IQR: 0.030-0.160, P < 0.05). Also, more NKT cells from co-infected patients secreted interferon-γ after stimulation with DimerX, when compared with leprosy mono-infected patients (P = 0.05). These results suggest that NKT cells are decreased in frequency in HIV-1 and M. leprae co-infected patients compared with HIV-1 mono-infected patients alone, but are at a more activated state. Innate immunity in human subjects is strongly influenced by their spectrum of chronic infections, and in HIV-1-infected subjects, a concurrent mycobacterial infection probably hyper-activates and lowers circulating NKT cell numbers.
Resource optimization to achieve hard delay constraints in OFDMA systems (2012)

In this paper we propose an algorithm to achieve hard delay constraints in OFDMA systems. The resource scheduler has to ensure that delay deadlines of the packets get achieved and the resources are also not under utilized. This is a very difficult task since the channel and packet arrival in user queues are time varying in nature. The instantaneous decisions of scheduler depend on current as well as future channel and packet arrival considerations. In this paper we represent hard delay deadlines of packets in the form of various constraints. We then develop a constrained optimization problem and propose an efficient algorithm. This algorithm allocates subcarriers and powers to different users in such a way that the objective of sum rate maximization and hard delay constraint achievement are simultaneously attained.
Abstract 4340: Sorafenib induces growth arrest and apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and MEK1/2/MAPK (p44/42) signaling pathways (2011)

Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in the pediatric population. It accounts for 6-10% of all childhood cancers. Currently, there is a critical need to find new drugs that are less toxic and target cell signaling pathways implicated as key mediators in the formation of neuroblastoma. Sorafenib (Nexavar), a multikinase inhibitor, blocks cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in certain types of cancers. Here, we tested antitumor effects of sorafenib (≤ 10 µM) on three human neuroblastoma cell lines, CHLA255, CHLA171 and SK-N-AS. Sorafenib inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in these neuroblastoma tumor cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Sorafenib inhibited phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins at Tyr705 in these cells as early as 15 min after treatment, associated with inhibition of phosphorylated JAK2, an upstream kinase that mediates STAT3 phosphorylation. Expression of a constitutively-activated STAT3 mutant (pSTAT3-C) partially blocked the antitumor effects of sorafenib on neuroblastoma cells. Sorafenib also inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by IL-6 in these tumor cells. Moreover, sorafenib downregulated phosphorylation of MAPK (p44/42) in these neuroblastoma cells after 5 min treatment, consistent with inhibition of their upstream regulators MEK1/2. Finally, sorafenib inhibited expression of cyclin E, cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and cyclin D3, key regulators for cell cycle, and the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1, which was accompanied by induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Taken together, these findings suggest the potential use of sorafenib for the treatment of pediatric neuroblastomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4340. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4340
Peptides Inhibitor of Amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer’s Disease (1997)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in adults. It determines a progressive loss of intellectual function and appears both sporadically and in an autosomal dominant (familial) form. Presently there is no treatment for AD.
SIMD and OpenMP optimization of EKF-SLAM (2014)

SLAM algorithms are widely used by autonomous robots operating in unknown environments. Several works have presented optimizations mainly focused on the algorithm complexity. New computing technologies (SIMD coprocessors, multicore architecture) can greatly accelerate the processing time but require rethinking the algorithm implementation. This paper presents an efficient implementation of the EKF-SLAM algorithm on an embedded system implementing OMAP multi-core architecture and SIMD optimizations. The aim is to optimize the algorithm implementation to improve the localization quality. Results demonstrate that an optimized implementation is always needed to achieve efficient performances and can help to design embedded systems implementing a low-cost multi-core architecture operating under real time constraints.
Systemic nature of spinal muscular atrophy revealed by studying insurance claims (2019)

Our data point to a direct relationship between early, detectable non-neuromuscular symptoms and SMN deficiency. Our findings are particularly important for evaluating the efficacy of SMN-increasing therapies for SMA, comparing the effectiveness of local versus systemically delivered therapeutics, and determining the optimal therapeutic treatment window prior to irreversible neuromuscular damage.
Effect of π-Conjugated Polyelectrolyte on Performance of White Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Excitons and Exciplexes Having Long Intermolecular Distances (2016)

The authors studied white polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) based on blue exciton emission by poly(9,9-di-n-dodecylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFD) and orange-to-red emission from exciplexes formed at the interface between the PFD and poly(4-methyl-triphenylamine-co-acetoaldehyde) (TPA-AA). It is thought that the orange-to-red light-emitting exciplexes formed at the TPA-AA/PFD interface have intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) characteristics, namely, TPA-AA+·PFD–, in which TPA-AA and PFD act as a donor (D) and an acceptor (A), respectively, and long intermolecular distances. TPA-AA is a nonconjugated polymer with good solubility in chloroform and acts as a hole transport layer (HTL). A bilayer PLED, ITO (indium tin oxide)/TPA-AA/PFD/Al, was fabricated by spin-coating, and white electroluminescence (EL), corresponding to Commission Internationale d’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.36, 0.28) and a brightness of 39.6 cd/m2, was achieved at 16 V. In order to decrease the turn-on voltage and enhance brightness, a π-conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly(9,9-bis[6′-(N,N,N,-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorine-co-alt-1,4-phenylene) bromide (PFN+Br–), was used as an electron injection layer (EIL). This trilayer PLED, ITO/TPA-AA/PFD/PFN+Br–/Al, showed white EL corresponding to CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.25, 0.31) and a brightness of 1450 cd/m2 at 14 V. In the bilayer PLEDs, orange-to-red exciplex emission at ∼630 nm was dominant at a low applied voltage, while at high voltage, blue exciton emission at ∼430 nm and excimer emission at ∼490 nm were comparable in strength to the exciplex emission. Meanwhile, the trilayer PLEDs showed mainly blue exciton emission at low voltage, and orange-to-red exciplex emission that was comparable in strength to the exciton emission at high voltage. These results can be explained by the different degrees of hole accumulation at the TPA-AA/PFD interface, which affects the electric field distribution in the PFD layer and the EL emission processes. Based on the applied voltage dependence of the emission colors of the bilayer and trilayer PLEDs, two types of models, namely, PLED band diagrams and Marcus-type molecular diagrams that represent hole transfer from TPA-AA to PFD, were proposed to explain the working principles of the devices. The working principles presented in this manuscript are different from the recently proposed working principle based on the Auger mechanism for small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on D/A heterojunctions (He et al., Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 649–654). Having a detailed understanding of the working principles is critical for designing efficient OLEDs, and our models give a new insight into the working principles of OLEDs based on D/A heterojunctions. Furthermore, these models provide a useful means of realizing efficient white PLEDs based on blue exciton emission and orange-to-red exciplex emission.
Free-space optical communication in a swarm of microrobots (2007)

This paper presents the theoretical investigations, supported by experimental measurements, of the communication channel between miniaturized optical communication systems to be integrated into swarming microrobots, while trying to stress very low power consumption issues. (2 pages)
Differential Macular and Peripheral Expression of Bestrophin in Human Eyes and Its Implication for Best Disease (2007)

Topographic differences in the levels of bestrophin protein may in part explain the propensity for the macula to develop lesions in Best disease.
Degenerate four-wave mixing in triply resonant Kerr cavities (2011)

We demonstrate theoretical conditions for highly efficient degenerate four-wave mixing in triply resonant nonlinear (Kerr) cavities. We employ a general and accurate temporal coupled-mode analysis in which the interaction of light in arbitrary microcavities is expressed in terms of a set of coupling coefficients that we rigorously derive from the full Maxwell equations. Using the coupled-mode theory, we show that light consisting of an input signal of frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\omega}$ can, in the presence of pump light at ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}$, be converted with quantum-limited efficiency into an output shifted signal of frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}+\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\omega}$, and we derive expressions for the critical input powers at which this occurs. We find the critical powers in the order of 10 mW, assuming very conservative cavity parameters (modal volumes $~10$ cubic wavelengths and quality factors $~1000$). The standard Manley-Rowe efficiency limits are obtained from the solution of the classical coupled-mode equations, although we also derive them from simple photon-counting ``quantum'' arguments. Finally, using a linear stability analysis, we demonstrate that maximal conversion efficiency can be retained even in the presence of self- and cross-phase modulation effects that generally act to disrupt the resonance condition.
Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles (2016)

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing and promising field of interest in medicine; however, nanoparticle-cell interactions are not yet fully understood. The goal of this work was to examine the interaction between endothelial cells and gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductor nanoparticles. Cellular viability, adhesion, proliferation, and uptake of nanoparticles by endothelial cells were investigated. The effect of free GaN nanoparticles versus the effect of growing endothelial cells on GaN functionalized surfaces was examined. To functionalize surfaces with GaN, GaN nanoparticles were synthesized on a sacrificial layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using hydride vapor phase epitaxy. The uptake of GaN nanoparticles by porcine endothelial cells was strongly dependent upon whether they were fixed to the substrate surface or free floating in the medium. The endothelial cells grown on surfaces functionalized with GaN nanoparticles demonstrated excellent adhesion and proliferation, suggesting good biocompatibility of the nanostructured GaN.
Modulation of c-Myb-induced transcription activation by a phosphorylation site near the negative regulatory domain. (1995)

The c-myb protooncogene encodes a highly conserved transcription factor that functions as both an activator and a repressor of transcription. The v-myb oncogenes of E26 leukemia virus and avian myeloblastosis virus encode proteins that are truncated at both the amino and the carboxyl terminus, deleting portions of the c-Myb DNA-binding and negative regulatory domains. This has led to speculation that the deleted regions contain important regulatory sequences. We previously reported that the 42-kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42mapk) phosphorylates chicken and murine c-Myb at multiple sites in the negative regulatory domain in vitro, suggesting that phosphorylation might provide a mechanism to regulate c-Myb function. We now report that three tryptic phosphopeptides derived from in vitro phosphorylated c-Myb comigrate with three tryptic phosphopeptides derived from metabolically labeled c-Myb immunoprecipitated from murine erythroleukemia cells. At least two of these peptides are phosphorylated on serine-528. Replacement of serine-528 with alanine results in a 2- to 7-fold increase in the ability of c-Myb to transactivate a Myb-responsive promoter/reporter gene construct. These findings suggest that phosphorylation serves to regulate c-Myb activity and that loss of this phosphorylation site from the v-Myb proteins may contribute to their transforming potential.
Determining the internal quantum efficiency of shallow-implanted nitrogen-vacancy defects in bulk diamond (2016)

It is generally accepted that nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in bulk diamond are bright sources of luminescence. However, the exact value of their internal quantum efficiency (IQE) has not been measured so far. Here we use an implementation of Drexhage's scheme to quantify the IQE of shallow-implanted NV defects in a single-crystal bulk diamond. Using a spherical metallic mirror with a large radius of curvature compared to the optical spot size, we perform calibrated modifications of the local density of states around NV defects and observe the change of their total decay rate, which is further used for IQE quantification. We also show that at the excitation wavelength of 532 nm, photo-induced relaxation cannot be neglected even at moderate excitation powers well below the saturation level. For NV defects shallow implanted 4.5 ± 1 and 8 ± 2 nm below the diamond surface, we determine the quantum efficiency to be 0.70 ± 0.07 and 0.82 ± 0.08, respectively.
Titania by spray pyrolysis for photocatalytic destruction of organics in aqueous solutions (1996)

In this study, the potential of spray pyrolysis and spray calcination for the synthesis of effective titanium dioxide photocatalysts is explored. The product titanium dioxide powders were used in the photoassisted oxidation of salicylic acid in aqueous solutions. Titania particles were produced by spray pyrolysis of dihydroxybis titanium solutions in water at concentrations between 20 to 70% by volume at temperatures from 500 to 1100{degrees}C. Powders were made by spray calcination of titanium hydrolysate solutions at temperatures from 700 to 900 {degrees}C. Spray pyrolysis produced titania particles which were partially hollow. Spray calcination resulted in agglomerates which consisted of 15 nm primary particles that showed high photoactivity in the photooxidation of aqueous salicylic acid solutions. Doping with palladium oxide or ruthenium oxides did not improve the photocatalytic activity of these powders. 6 refs., 3 figs.
On the connection between functional programming languages and real-time Java scoped memory (2007)

Java has recently joined C and C++ as a relatively high-level language suitable for developing real-time applications. Java's garbage collection, while generally a useful feature, can be problematic for real-time applications if collection occurs with unpredictable frequency and latency.
Multirate iterative learning control for enhanced motion performance with application to wafer scanner systems (2016)

Iterative learning control (ILC) is an effective control technique for servo improvement in systems that repetitively execute the same tasks. In the learning process, the measured tracking error from the current iteration is incorporated to generate a new feedforward compensation signal to improve the system performance in the next iteration. Due to its discrete-time implementation, conventional ILC only considers errors at the sampled output points without inter-sample learning ability. Therefore, its achievable performance is limited by the output sampling rate. In this paper, a multirate ILC (MRILC) approach is proposed. Based on multirate Kalman Smoother and multirate feedforward control, the ILC update law in a multirate two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) control system with a fast feedforward ILC input but a slow output sampling rate is derived. The bandwidth of the learning loop may then be extended beyond that of the feedback loop for enhanced inter-sample learning. The effectiveness of the proposed MRILC is verified by experiments on a wafer scanner system.
Luteinizing Hormone Release from Chicken Pituitary Cells: Synergism between Calcium and Protein Kinase C and Its Inhibition by Calmodulin Antagonists* (1987)

Continuous stimulation of cultured chicken pituitary cells with a native chicken hypothalamic GnRH, Gln8-GnRH, caused LH release, followed by rapid desensitization. Continuous exposure to calcium ionophore A23187 also produced a short-lived LH response, followed by desensitization. In contrast, continuous stimulation with a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), caused prolonged release of LH, reaching maximum amplitude after 1 h and slowly decreasing thereafter. Cells desensitized to GnRH remained fully responsive to A23187 and TPA, indicating that GnRH-mediated desensitization occurs at a level before protein kinase C activation and calcium mobilization. Simultaneous addition of A23187 and TPA resulted in a synergistic response which was independent of the order of addition of the two compounds. Synergism was also demonstrated between depolarizing concentrations of potassium and TPA and between veratridine and TPA, indicating that calcium entering via voltage-dependent channels also synergizes with phorbol ester. Despite the prolonged action of TPA, rapid pulsatile changes in LH release could be induced in cells treated with TPA and veratridine by rapidly changing the extracellular calcium concentration. This suggest that protein kinase C could function as an amplifier of the calcium signal generated by GnRH. Synergism between calcium and TPA was blocked by trifluoperazine, chlorpromazine, and W-7 [N-(6-aminohexyl)5-chloro-1-napthalenesulfonamide] at concentrations that had no effect on LH release mediated by TPA alone. This suggests that synergism is mediated via calmodulin and not a direct effect of calcium on protein kinase C.
Third Prize: Comparison of Radical Nephrectomy, Laparoscopic Microwave Thermotherapy, Cryotherapy, and Radiofrequency Ablation for Destruction of Experimental VX-2 Renal Tumors in Rabbits (2005)

Carcinomatosis occurred most frequently in animals treated with microwave thermotherapy, followed by radiofrequency ablation, and lastly cryoablation. The simple act of piercing a highly aggressive tumor can result in local spread. More disconcerting, and less well understood, is why certain ablative modalities appear to increase the rate of intraperitoneal spread.
Interferometric surface-wave isolation and removal (2007)

Abstract The removal of surface waves (ground roll) from land seismic data is critical in seismic processing because these waves tend to mask informative body-wave arrivals. Removal becomes difficult when surface waves are scattered, and data quality is often impaired. We apply a method of seismic interferometry, using both sources and receivers at the surface, to estimate the surface-wave component of the Green's function between any two points. These estimates are subtracted adaptively from seismic survey data, providing a new method of ground-roll removal that is not limited to nonscattering regions.
Energy-efficient and low blocking probability differentiated quality of protection scheme for dynamic elastic optical networks (2013)

We proposed a differentiated quality of protection scheme to improve the energy efficiency and to reduce the blocking probability in dynamic elastic optical core networks. Simulation results show significant energy efficiency improvements and a notably lower blocking ratio of this novel scheme compared to 1+1 dedicated protection.