gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Polynomial Approximation Algorithm for Real-Time Maximum-Likelihood Estimation (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Maximum-likelihood estimation subject to nonlinear measurement functions is generally performed through optimization algorithms when accuracy is required and enough processing time is available, or with recursive filters for real-time applications but at the expense of a loss of accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new estimator for parameter estimation based on a polynomial approximation of the measurement signal. The raw dataset is replaced by <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$n+ 1$</tex></formula> independent polynomial samples (PS) for a smoothing polynomial of order <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$n$</tex></formula>, resulting in a reduction of the computational burden. It is shown that the PSs must be sampled at some deterministic instants and an approximate formula for the variance of the PSs is also provided. Moreover, it is also proved and illustrated on three examples that the new estimator which processes the PSs is equivalent to the standard maximum-likelihood estimator based on the raw dataset, provided that the measurement function and its first derivatives can be approximated with a polynomial of order <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$n$</tex></formula>. Since this algorithm proceeds from a compact representation of a measurement signal, it can find applications in real-time processing, power saving processing, or estimation based on compressed data, even if this latter field has not been investigated from a theoretical perspective. Its structure which is made up of several separate tasks is also adapted to distributed processing problems. Because the performance of the method is related to the polynomial approximation quality, the algorithm is well suited for smooth measurement functions like in trajectory estimation applications. </para>
Characterization of Oxidoreductases, Ferrireductase, and Manganese Peroxidase, from White-Rot Fungi (1998)

Manganese dioxide was reduced to Mn(II) in a liquid culture of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 which showed a high bleaching ability of unbleached hardwood kraft pulp. The reduction of manganese dioxide was mediated by Fe(II)-chelator complex, and enhanced when NADPH was added as an electron donor. Fe(III)-chelator, produced when manganese dioxide is reduced to Mn(III) or Mn(II), was reduced by the cell-free extract from the fungus. NADPH-dependent ferrireductase was purified to apparent homogeneity from the cell-free extract. This enzyme was obtained for the first time from wood-rotting fungi. It is concluded that the NADPH-ferrireductase was involved in the reduction of manganese dioxide for production and function of manganese peroxidase (MnP). MnP isoenzymes from liquid culture of white rot fungus Ganoderma sp. YK-505 were purified and characterized. They exhibited stabilities against high temperature and pH comparing with MnP from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. It is suggested that MnP from Ganoderma sp. YK-505 may be useful for biotechnological applications and studies of the relationship between structure and function of MnP isoenzymes.
Prime Boost Vaccination Strategies: CD8 T Cell Numbers, Protection, and Th1 Bias (2003)

Vaccination strategies involving priming with DNA and boosting with a poxvirus vector have emerged as a preferred combination for the induction of protective CD8 T cell immunity. Using IFN-gamma ELISPOT and a series of DNA plasmid, peptide, and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine combinations, we demonstrate that the DNA/MVA combination was uniquely able to enhance IFN-gamma secretion by Ag-specific CD8 T cells. However, CD8 T cell populations induced by DNA/MVA vaccination failed to show an enhanced capability to mediate protection in an IFN-gamma-independent influenza challenge model. The DNA/MVA vaccine strategy was also not unique in its ability to induce high numbers of CD8 T cells, with optimal strategies simply requiring the use of vaccine modalities that individually induce high numbers of CD8 T cells. These experiments argue that rivals to DNA/poxvirus vaccination strategies for the induction of optimal protective CD8 T cell responses are likely to emerge.
Durable Repair of Aged Infrastructures Using Trapping Mechanism of Engineered Cementitious Composites (1997)

Peer Reviewed
Coding theoretic approach to segmentation and robust CFAR-detection for ladar images (2001)

In this paper, we present an unsupervised scheme aimed at segmentation of laser radar (LADAR) imagery for Automatic Target Detection. A coding theoretic approach implements Rissanen's concept of Minimum Description Length (MDL) for estimating piecewise homogeneous regions. MDL is used to penalize overly complex segmentations. The intensity data is modeled as a Gaussian random field whose mean and variance functions are piecewise constant across the image. This model is intended to capture variations in both mean value (intensity) and variance (texture). The segmentation algorithm is based on an adaptive rectangular recursive partitioning scheme. We implement a robust constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector on the segmented intensity image for target detection and compare our results with the conventional cell averaging (CA) CFAR detector.
Partial FFT Demodulation: A Detection Method for Highly Doppler Distorted OFDM Systems (2012)

Employing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signaling over time-varying channels results in inter-carrier interference (ICI) and degraded detection error probability due to the loss of orthogonality among the subcarriers. This problem is particularly exacerbated for systems operating in highly mobile scenarios such as underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, digital video broadcasting (DVB) for mobile devices and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) networks. To address the problem of data detection in such scenarios, we propose a novel demodulation strategy using several partial interval Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) instead of a conventional, single full interval FFT. Algorithms for computing the weights used to combine the outputs of the partial FFT are presented for three scenarios: full, partial and no knowledge of the time varying channel. Numerical simulations and an approximate theoretical analysis show that significant performance gains can be obtained over traditional equalizers at a very moderate complexity.
Supplementary Data from Monitoring Therapeutic Response to Anti-FAP CAR T Cells Using [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-FAPI-74 (2023)

Supplementary Data from Monitoring Therapeutic Response to Anti-FAP CAR T Cells Using [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]AlF-FAPI-74
Budget-Constrained Item Cold-Start Handling in Collaborative Filtering Recommenders via Optimal Design (2014)

It is well known that collaborative filtering (CF) based recommender systems provide better modeling of users and items associated with considerable rating history. The lack of historical ratings results in the user and the item cold-start problems. The latter is the main focus of this work. Most of the current literature addresses this problem by integrating content-based recommendation techniques to model the new item. However, in many cases such content is not available, and the question arises is whether this problem can be mitigated using CF techniques only. We formalize this problem as an optimization problem: given a new item, a pool of available users, and a budget constraint, select which users to assign with the task of rating the new item in order to minimize the prediction error of our model. We show that the objective function is monotone-supermodular, and propose efficient optimal design based algorithms that attain an approximation to its optimum. Our findings are verified by an empirical study using the Netflix dataset, where the proposed algorithms outperform several baselines for the problem at hand.
High-performance passive millimeter-wave imaging (1993)

We discuss the current status of passive millimeter-wave radiometry as a thermal imaging technique. The major problems are poor spatial resolution and slow response time. Techniques for overcoming these difficulties are identified, including the use of aperture synthesis, multichannel receivers, correlation, and inverse transform techniques. A comparison is made with infrared imaging.
Multi-task consensus clustering of genome-wide transcriptomes from related biological conditions (2016)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Nonlinear Dynamic Neural Network for Text-Independent Speaker Identification using Information Theoretic Learning Technology (2006)

In this paper we present a novel design for a nonlinear dynamic neural network to implement text-independent speaker recognition without the benefit of exact voice signatures. The dynamic properties between the input neuron and the output neuron make use of a nonlinear high-order synaptic neural model with memory of previous input signals. The dynamic neural network is realized in the short-term-frequency long-term-temporal domain. Informatics metric is used to overcome the challenge of performing blind learning for the nonlinear network. The goal of this study is not only to improve the recognition performance but also to amplify the distinctiveness among different speakers
Induced Rh magnetic moments in Fe-Rh and Co-Rh alloys using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (1995)

The induced magnetic moment of Rh atoms in ${\mathrm{Co}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Rh}}_{100\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ alloys (x=77,49) is investigated by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Rh ${\mathit{M}}_{2,3}$ absorption edge. By comparing with the XMCD signal observed in an ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{77}$${\mathrm{Rh}}_{23}$ alloy where the Rh magnetic moment is known, the value of the Rh magnetic moment in Co alloys can be determined (0.6${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}_{\mathit{B}}$ for x=77 and 0.1${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}_{\mathit{B}}$ for x=51). We find that the Rh moment is about 1/3 the Fe or Co moment for the alloys studied. Analogous measurements of XMCD from a ${\mathrm{Co}}_{71}$${\mathrm{Ru}}_{29}$ alloy show Ru behavior very different from that of Rh, with an induced Ru moment 1/14 the Co moment.
Proteomic analysis of exhaled breath condensate for diagnosis of pathologies of the respiratory system (2015)

Study of the proteomic composition of exhaled breath condensate (EBC), is a promising non-invasive method for the diagnosis of the respiratory tract diseases in patients. In this study the EBC proteomic composition of the 79 donors, including patients with different pathologies of the respiratory system has been investigated. Cytoskeletal keratins type II (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) and cytoskeletal keratins the type I (9, 10, 14, 15, 16) were invariant for all samples. Analyzing the frequency of occurrence of proteins in different groups of examined patients, several categories of protein have been recognized: found in all pathologies (Dermcidin, Alpha-1-microglobulin, SHROOM3), found in several pathologies (CSTA, LCN1, JUP, PIP, TXN), and specific for a single pathology (PRDX1, Annexin A1/A2). The EBC analysis by HPLC-MS/MS can be used to identify potential protein markers characteristic for pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PRDX1) and pneumonia (Annexin A1/A2).
Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogel-Encapsulated Fluorophore−Enzyme Conjugates for Direct Detection of Organophosphorus Neurotoxins (1999)

A simple approach is described for preparing poly-(ethylene glycol) hydrogel materials with encapsulated seminapthofluorescein (SNAFL)-organophosphorus hydrolase enzyme conjugates. Direct determination of enzyme-catalyzed neurotoxin hydrolysis is provided by the self-referencing, pH-sensitive dye SNAFL-1, whose emission spectrum changes at lambda = 550 in response to pH. Using spectrofluorimetry and paraoxon as a model organophosphate, paraoxon concentrations as low as 8 x 10(-7) M could be readily detected. On the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio, a detection limit of 16 nM was determined. The materials demonstrated high stability against enzyme-denaturing, leaching, and photobleaching when stored under ambient conditions.
Measurement and Analysis of Current Noise in Chopper Amplifiers (2013)

This paper presents a theoretical analysis and measurements of the current noise of several chopper instrumentation amplifiers, which demonstrate that the charge injection and clock feed-through associated with the MOSFETs of the input chopper give rise to significant input current and current noise. In combination with high source impedances, this “chopper noise” is converted to voltage noise, which may then be a significant contributor to the amplifier's total input-referred voltage noise. Chopper noise has a white power spectral density, whose magnitude is roughly proportional to the chopping frequency. Design guidelines are proposed to reduce chopper noise, as well as the use of a clock-bootstrapped chopper, which generates significantly less noise than a traditional chopper.
Commensurate defect superstructures in a Langmuir-Blodgett film (1993)

Molecular-resolution atomic force microscope images of Ba arachidate Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers show two previously unknown structures, a tilted (26\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}) triclinic packing with a 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 sawtooth height modulation, and a tilted (19\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}) rectangular herringbone packing with an alternating vertical offset, along with untilted disordered regions, all within the same molecular layer. The submicron extent of each region, the extent of twinning and defects, and the complexity of the molecular packing make the determination of the lattice structure of these materials impossible by any other technique.
Suppression of spatiotemporal chaos in the oscillatory CO oxidation on Pt(110) by focused laser light (2008)

Chemical turbulence in the oscillatory catalytic CO oxidation on Pt(110) is suppressed by means of focused laser light. The laser locally heats the platinum surface which leads to a local increase of the oscillation frequency, and to the formation of a pacemaker which emits target waves. These waves slowly entrain the medium and suppress the spatiotemporal chaos present in the absence of laser light. Our experimental results are confirmed by a detailed numerical analysis of one- and two-dimensional media using the Krischer-Eiswirth-Ertl model for CO oxidation on Pt(110). Different control regimes are identified and the dispersion relation of the system is determined using the pacemaker as an externally tunable wave source.
BCG Vaccinations Upregulate Myc, a Central Switch for Improved Glucose Metabolism in Diabetes (2020)

Myc has emerged as a pivotal transcription factor for four metabolic pathways: aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, polyamine synthesis, and HIF-1α/mTOR. Each of these pathways accelerates the utilization of sugar. The BCG vaccine, a derivative of Mycobacteria-bovis, has been shown to trigger a long-term correction of blood sugar levels to near normal in type 1 diabetics (T1D). Here we reveal the underlying mechanisms behind this beneficial microbe-host interaction. We show that baseline glucose transport is deficient in T1D monocytes but is improved by BCG in vitro and in vivo. We then show, using RNAseq in monocytes and CD4 T cells, that BCG treatment over 56 weeks in humans is associated with upregulation of Myc and activation of nearly two dozen Myc-target genes underlying the four metabolic pathways. This is the first documentation of BCG induction of Myc and its association with systemic blood sugar control in a chronic disease like diabetes.
PRECLINICAL DOSIMETRY IN PROTON MINIBEAM RADIATION THERAPY: ROBUSTNESS ANALYSIS AND GUIDELINES (2022)

Purpose: Proton minibeam radiation therapy (pMBRT) is a new radiotherapy approach that has shown a significant increase in the therapeutic window in glioma-bearing rats compared to conventional proton therapy. The dosimetry of pMBRT is challenging and error prone due to the submillimetric beamlet sizes used. The aim of this study was to perform a robustness analysis on the setup parameters utilized in current preclinical trials and provide guidelines for reproducible dosimetry. The results of this work are intended to guide upcoming implementations of pMBRT worldwide, as well as pave the way for future clinical implementations. Methods: Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data were used to evaluate the impact of variations in setup parameters and uncertainties in collimator specifications on lateral pMBRT dose distributions.The value of each parameter was modified individually to evaluate their effect on dose distributions. Experimental dosimetry was performed by means of high-resolution detectors, that is, radiochromic films, the IBA Razor and the Microdiamond detector. New guidelines were proposed to optimize the experimental setup in pMBRT studies and perform reproducible dosimetry.
Dielectric Resonators for Backward Wave Infrared Metamaterials. (2012)

Abstract not provided.
miRNA: Small Molecules as Potential Novel Biomarkers in Cancer (2010)

Four different types of small RNAs functionally associated with gene silencing have been discovered in animals including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Experimental evidence suggests that miRNAs regulate the expression of more than 30% of protein-coding genes. These molecules can also act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Expression profiling has revealed characteristic miRNA signatures not only in human cancers but also in serum and blood cells of cancer patients. Numerous human miRNA genes map to chromosomal regions which are susceptible to amplification, deletion or translocation in the process of tumor development. Despite the pivotal role of miRNA in cancer precise mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated. This review is focused on recent findings related to the emerging field of miRNA serving as novel potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and possibly, therapies.
Digital holographic microscopy for the cytomorphological imaging of cells under zero gravity (2012)

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been gaining interest from cell biology community because of its label free nature and quantitative phase signal output. Besides, fast shutter time, image reconstruction by numerical propagation of the wave fields, and numerical compensation of the aberrations are other intrinsic advantages of this technique that can be explored for harsh imaging conditions. In the frame of this work, a transmission type DHM is developed with a decoupled epifluorescence microscopy mode for cytomorphological monitoring under zero gravity and hyper gravity. With the implemented automatic post processing routines, real time observation of the cell morphology is proven to be feasible under the influence of mechanical disturbances of zero gravity platforms. Post processing of holograms is composed from dynamic numerical compensation of holograms, robust autofocusing and phase image registration. Experiments on live myoblast cells are carried out on two different platforms; random positioning machine (RPM), a ground base microgravity simulation platform, and parabolic flight campaign (PFC), a fixed wing plane flight providing short durations of alternating gravity conditions. Results show clear perinuclear phase increase. During seconds scale microgravity exposure, measurable scale morphological modifications are observed with the accumulated effect of repetitive exposures and short breaks.
Light Emission From Silicon in Photonic Crystal Nanocavity (2008)

We have introduced a photonic crystal into a single-crystal silicon slab in order to manipulate the light emission. When the lattice constant of a defect-free photonic crystal matches the wavelength of light in the medium, the light emitted from the silicon is resonantly extracted at the photonic band edge within the escape light cone. When the lattice constant is larger than the wavelength, Brillouin zone folding of the photonic band also allows the light to be extracted; we achieved an intensity that was enhanced by a factor of ~ 20 due to the diffraction of internal light into the light cone. We have also created a point defect in photonic crystals with smaller lattice constants that functions as a nanocavity and strongly interacts with the silicon emitter. Four cavity modes were observed, with different <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factors and emission patterns. The mode orders were assigned using the resonant wavelengths and polarizations. The observed emission at room temperature was enhanced by a factor of ~ 30 in comparison to that of an unprocessed area of silicon-on-insulator. Our study demonstrates that employing a photonic crystal nanocavity in silicon can greatly improve the light extraction efficiency, the characteristics of the radiation pattern, and the internal quantum efficiency.
Highdno/dTLiquid Crystals and their Applications in a Thermally Tunable Liquid Crystal Photonic Crystal Fiber (2006)

We have analyzed the physical origins of the temperature gradient of the ordinary refractive index (dno=dT) of liquid crystals. To achieve a large dno=dT, high birefringence (Dn) and low clearing temperature play crucial roles. Based on these guidelines, we formulated two exemplary liquid crystal mixtures, designated as UCF-1 and UCF-2. The dno=dT of UCF-1 is 4 higher than that of 5CB at room temperature. By infiltrating UCF-1 into the air holes of a three-rod core photonic crystal fiber, we demonstrate a thermally tunable photonic bandgap fiber with tuning sensitivity of 27nm=C at room temperature. The insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversal of π‐Facial Diastereoselection Upon Electronegative Substitution of the Substrate and the Reagent. (1990)

Abstract Electronegative substitution at C‐3 of cyclohexanones, e.g. in (I), and of methylenecyclohexanes, e.g. in (II), is found to increase the relative proportion of axial attack in a number of reactions widely differing from the points of view of the transition‐state polarization, geometry, and electron deficiency.
La GTPase RhoB, un nouvel acteur de la résistance adaptative aux inhibiteurs de la tyrosine kinase du récepteur de l'EGF dans les cancers du poumon (2018)

International audience
Studies on Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Antibody in Nauru (1978)

The age specific prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody was studied among a random sample of Nauruans over the age of 10 years. Overall, 79% of subjects showed evidence of past infection with hepatitis B virus with the highest prevalence among young people. While there was no difference in the infection rate between males and females, the carrier rate in males was 50% higher. In both sexes the carrier rate declined with increasing age. Significant differences in carrier rates were detected among people living in different parts of the island.