gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RFID Tattoo (2019)

This paper presents an RF-based assistive technology for voice impairments (i.e., dysphonia), which occurs in an estimated 1% of the global population. We specifically focus on acquired voice disorders where users continue to be able to make facial and lip gestures associated with speech. Despite the rich literature on assistive technologies in this space, there remains a gap for a solution that neither requires external infrastructure in the environment, battery-powered sensors on skin or body-worn manual input devices. We present RFTattoo, which to our knowledge is the first wireless speech recognition system for voice impairments using batteryless and flexible RFID tattoos. We design specialized wafer-thin tattoos attached around the user's face and easily hidden by makeup. We build models that process signal variations from these tattoos to a portable RFID reader to recognize various facial gestures corresponding to distinct classes of sounds. We then develop natural language processing models that infer meaningful words and sentences based on the observed series of gestures. A detailed user study with 10 users reveals 86% accuracy in reconstructing the top-100 words in the English language, even without the users making any sounds.
Little Bear – A Gaze Aware Learning Companion for Early Childhood Learners (2017)

Computing devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers are increasingly used to support early childhood learning. Currently, touching the screen is the most common interaction technique on such devices. To augment the current interaction experience, overcome posture-related issues with tablet usage and promote novel ways of engagement, we propose gaze as an input modality in educational applications for early learners. In this demonstration, we present the Little Bear, a gaze aware pedagogical agent that tailors its verbal and non-verbal behaviour based on the visual attention of the child. We built an application using the Little Bear, to teach the names of everyday fruits and vegetables to young children. Our demonstration system shows the potential of gaze-based learning applications and the novel engagement possibility provided by gaze-aware pedagogical agents.
Predicting human intention in visual observations of hand/object interactions (2013)

The main contribution of this paper is a probabilistic method for predicting human manipulation intention from image sequences of human-object interaction. Predicting intention amounts to inferring the imminent manipulation task when human hand is observed to have stably grasped the object. Inference is performed by means of a probabilistic graphical model that encodes object grasping tasks over the 3D state of the observed scene. The 3D state is extracted from RGB-D image sequences by a novel vision-based, markerless hand-object 3D tracking framework. To deal with the high-dimensional state-space and mixed data types (discrete and continuous) involved in grasping tasks, we introduce a generative vector quantization method using mixture models and self-organizing maps. This yields a compact model for encoding of grasping actions, able of handling uncertain and partial sensory data. Experimentation showed that the model trained on simulated data can provide a potent basis for accurate goal-inference with partial and noisy observations of actual real-world demonstrations. We also show a grasp selection process, guided by the inferred human intention, to illustrate the use of the system for goal-directed grasp imitation.
NADPH Oxidase Activation and Assembly During Phagocytosis (1999)

Generation of superoxide (O2-) by the NADPH-dependent oxidase of polymorphonuclear leukocytes is an essential component of the innate immune response to invading microorganisms. To examine NADPH oxidase function during phagocytosis, we evaluated its activation and assembly following ingestion of serum-opsonized Neisseria meningitidis, serogroup B (NMB), and compared it with that elicited by serum-opsonized zymosan (OPZ). Opsonized N. meningitidis- and OPZ-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species by polymorphonuclear leukocytes peaked early and then terminated. Phosphorylation of p47phox coincided with peak generation of reactive oxygen species by either stimulus, consistent with a role for p47phox phosphorylation during NADPH oxidase activation, and correlated with phagosomal colocalization of flavocytochrome b558 (flavocytochrome b) and p47phox and p67phox (p47/67phox). Termination of respiratory burst activity did not reflect dephosphorylation of plasma membrane- and/or phagosome-associated p47phox; in contrast, the specific activity of phosphorylated p47phox at the phagosomal membrane increased. Most significantly, termination of oxidase activity paralleled the loss of p47/67phox from both NMB and OPZ phagosomes despite the continued presence of flavocytochrome b. These data suggest that 1) the onset of respiratory burst activity during phagocytosis is linked to the phosphorylation of p47phox and its translocation to the phagosome; and 2) termination of oxidase activity correlates with loss of p47/67phox from flavocytochrome b-enriched phagosomes and additional phosphorylation of membrane-associated p47phox.
Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from two cohorts of young children in Santiago, Chile: incidence of and lack of correlation between illness and proposed virulence factors (1991)

Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from children in two cohorts in Santiago, Chile. In a cohort containing a cross section of children aged 0 to 4 years, Y. enterocolitica was isolated from stool samples of 1.1% of children with diarrhea and 0.2% of age-matched control children. In a subgroup of this cohort from which weekly stool samples were obtained from all children irrespective of clinical status, 6% of children had asymptomatic Yersinia infections. In a birth cohort (with a greater representation of children less than 1 year of age and a significantly higher rate of diarrhea), Y. enterocolitica was isolated from 1.9% of children with diarrhea and 0.6% of controls (P = 0.05). Biogroup 1A strains (which lacked traditional phenotypic and molecular markers for pathogenicity) were isolated from seven children with diarrhea but from no control children in the birth cohort (P = 0.02). All other isolates, including all isolates from asymptomatic children, were "pathogenic" strains in biogroup 4, serogroup O3; no association between these isolates and occurrence of disease was found. Y. enterocolitica is found among young children in Santiago, with asymptomatic infections not uncommon occurrences. However, questions about the association between previously described virulence factors and diarrheal illness remain.
Vibration Suppression Motor Drive Control for Industrial Robot Using Notch Filter with Little Phase Error (2007)

This paper proposes a new generation method of position reference without the resonant frequency and phase error for industrial robots. It is important for the industrial robot to drive high speed and high accuracy. However, the vibration phenomenon is generated by the resonant frequency in such cases. Conventionally, the notch filter is used to suppress the vibration phenomenon. It is able to eliminate a particular frequency. However, it also has a disadvantage that the reference phase error is generated. Generating the phase error in the reference, the critical error is generated in the locus which the robot draws. Therefore, the accuracy of the robot is deteriorated by using the notch filter. The proposed method overcomes this problem by using the compensation gain. The compensation gain is used to calculate the reference phase error. The compensation of the reference phase error is performed by the feedforward. The simulation results and the experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to suppress the resonant frequency and improves the phase error.
A Robust and High-Capacity [ 35 S]GTP γ S Binding Assay for Determining Antagonist and Inverse Agonist Pharmacological Parameters of Histamine H 3 Receptor Ligands (2008)

Guanosine 5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) binding assays were established and utilized as a reliable and high-capacity functional assay for determining antagonist and inverse agonist pharmacological parameters of novel histamine H(3) ligands, at the recombinant human H(3) receptor. [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assays were performed with membranes prepared from human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably expressing the full-length (445 amino acids) human H(3) receptor isoform, at approximately 1 pmol/mg of protein. Utilizing robotic liquid handling, assay filtration, and scintillation counting in a 96-well format, concentration-response curves were determined for up to 40 compounds per assay. The imidazole-containing H(3) receptor antagonist ciproxifan and the non-imidazole antagonist ABT-239 inhibited (R)-alpha-methylhistamine (RAMH)-stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding in a competitive manner, and negative logarithm of the dissociation equilibrium constant (pK(b)) values determined for nearly 200 structurally diverse H(3) antagonists were very similar to the respective negative logarithm of the equilibrium inhibition constant values from N-alpha-[(3)H]methylhistamine competition binding assays. H(3) antagonists also concentration-dependently decreased basal [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding, thereby displaying inverse agonism at the constitutively active H(3) receptor. At maximally effective concentrations, non-imidazole H(3) antagonists inhibited basal [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding by approximately 20%. For over 100 of these antagonists, negative logarithm of the 50% effective concentration values for inverse agonism were very similar to the respective pK(b) values. Both H(3) receptor agonist-dependent and -independent (constitutive) [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding were sensitive to changes in assay concentrations of sodium, magnesium, and the guanine nucleotide GDP; however, the potency of ABT-239 for inhibition of RAMH-stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding was not significantly affected. These robust and reliable [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assays have become one of the important tools in our pharmacological analysis and development of novel histamine H(3) receptor antagonists/inverse agonists.
Separation and crystallization ofT= 3 andT= 4 icosahedral complexes of the hepatitis B virus core protein (1999)

The icosahedral nucleocapsid of human hepatitis B virus is a homopolymer of the dimeric capsid protein also known as hepatitis B core antigen or HBcAg. Purified capsid protein obtained from an Escherichia coli expression system was reassembled into a mixture of T = 3 and T = 4 icosahedral particles consisting of 90 and 120 dimers, respectively. The two types of capsid were separated on a preparative scale by centrifugation through a sucrose gradient. In addition to this heterogeneity, the capsid protein has three cysteines, one of which has a great propensity for forming disulfide bonds between the two subunits, forming a dimer. To eliminate heterogeneity arising from oxidation, alanines were substituted for the cysteines. T = 3 and T = 4 capsids crystallized under similar conditions. Crystals of T = 3 capsids diffracted to approximately 8 A resolution; crystals of T = 4 capsids diffracted to 4 A resolution.
Towards Safer Sodium-Ion Batteries Via Ionic Liquids As Electrolyte Additives (2014)

Our society is in urgent need of more efficient, affordable and environmentally friendly energy storage technologies. While lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is undeniably the main track of development and outstanding at present, complementary technologies are needed for managing applications such as renewable energy integration. One particularly appealing alternative is to explore the feasibility of a technology analogous to LIB – sodium ion batteries (SIB) – using the basic LIB know-how and with sodium being more abundant and less expensive. As in any battery technology, the electrolyte choice is as important as that of the electrodes to ensure successful operation. Considering both safety and “environmental impact” ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as an interesting option for LIB. ILs exhibit both non-volatility and non-flammability, but unfortunately their high viscosities and comparatively low conductivities are expected to considerably limit the rate performance. Mixed electrolytes, i.e. with ILs as additives to an organic electrolyte, are a compromise suggested to improve the safety – while still providing an appreciable conductivity. Here, the possibility of expanding this strategy also to the SIB technology has been explored. We here present a systematic study of several electrolytes consisting of a sodium salt (NaTFSI) dissolved in mixtures of ILs and organic solvents, using electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry) coupled to various safety tests (e.g. self-extinguishing time (SET) and flash point (FP)). Imidazolium (BMImTFSI/EMImTFSI) and pyrrolidinium (PYR 13 TFSI) ILs were used as additives to optimized ethylene carbonate: propylene carbonate (EC:PC) electrolytes, while Hard Carbon (HC) and Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NVP) were used as anode and cathode, respectively. Electrochemical tests were performed on half cells to evaluate the cycling abilities and the electrochemical stability of each electrolyte/electrode combination. HC tested with the BMImTFSI-EC:PC electrolytes exhibit specific capacities of ca 250 mAhg -1 and 140 mAhg -1 at C/5 and 1C rates with capacity retentions of 95% and 98%, respectively. For PYR 13 TFSI-EC:PC ~150 mAhg -1 at C/10 rate a Coulombic efficiency of ca 98% was achieved. The NVP electrode, exhibits capacities of ~80 mAhg -1 with the BMImTFSI-EC:PC electrolytes at C/10 rate, and of 80, 75 and 46 mAhg -1 at C/10, C/5 and C, respectively with the PYR 13 TFSI-EC:PC electrolyte. A successful full SIB cell was assembled based on the best choices of the above materials as a proof of concept. As a major argument for the use of ILs is an increased safety, it was encouraging that the safety tests, carried out in air for many different compositions, unambiguously proved the addition of ILs to decrease the SET, as well as the flame intensity, and simultaneously raise the FP.
Genetic association-based functional analysis detects HOGA1 as a potential gene involved in fat accumulation (2022)

Although there are a number of discoveries from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for obesity, it has not been successful in linking GWAS results to biology. We sought to discover causal genes for obesity by conducting functional studies on genes detected from genetic association analysis. Gene-based association analysis of 917 individual exome sequences showed that <i>HOGA1</i> attains exome-wide significance (<i>p</i>-value < 2.7 × 10<sup>-6</sup>) for body mass index (BMI). The mRNA expression of <i>HOGA1</i> is significantly increased in human adipose tissues from obese individuals in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset, which supports the genetic association of <i>HOGA1</i> with BMI. Functional analyses employing cell- and animal model-based approaches were performed to gain insights into the functional relevance of <i>Hoga1</i> in obesity. Adipogenesis was retarded when <i>Hoga1</i> was knocked down by siRNA treatment in a mouse 3T3-L1 cell line and a similar inhibitory effect was confirmed in mice with down-regulated <i>Hoga1</i>. <i>Hoga1</i> antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment reduced body weight, blood lipid level, blood glucose, and adipocyte size in high-fat diet-induced mice. In addition, several lipogenic genes including <i>Srebf1</i>, <i>Scd1</i>, <i>Lp1</i>, and <i>Acaca</i> were down-regulated, while lipolytic genes <i>Cpt1l</i>, <i>Ppara</i>, and <i>Ucp1</i> were up-regulated. Taken together, <i>HOGA1</i> is a potential causal gene for obesity as it plays a role in excess body fat development.
Reliable Memristive Switching Memory Devices Enabled by Densely Packed Silver Nanocone Arrays as Electric-Field Concentrators (2016)

Memristor devices based on electrochemical metallization operate through electrochemical formation/dissolution of nanoscale metallic filaments, and they are considered a promising future nonvolatile memory because of their outstanding characteristics over conventional charge-based memories. However, nanoscale conductive paths or filaments precipitated from the redox process of metallic elements are randomly formed inside oxides, resulting in unexpected and stochastic memristive switching parameters including the operating voltage and the resistance state. Here, we present the guided formation of conductive filaments in Ag nanocone/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanomesh/Pt memristors fabricated by high-resolution nanotransfer printing. Consequently, the uniformity of the memristive switching behavior is significantly improved by the existence of electric-field concentrator arrays consisting of Ag nanocones embedded in SiO<sub>2</sub> nanomesh structures. This selective and controlled filament growth was experimentally supported by analyzing simultaneously the surface morphology and current-mapping results using conductive atomic force microscopy. Moreover, stable multilevel switching operations with four discrete conduction states were achieved by the nanopatterned memristor device, demonstrating its potential in high-density nanoscale memory devices.
Enhanced performance of near-infrared photodetectors based on InGaAs nanowires enabled by a two-step growth method (2020)

Substantial performance enhancement of near-infrared photodetectors can be achieved by utilizing two-step chemical vapor deposition-grown InGaAs nanowires as device channels.
Formation of III–V-on-insulator structures on Si by direct wafer bonding (2013)

We have studied the formation of III–V-compound-semiconductors-on-insulator (III–V-OI) structures with thin buried oxide (BOX) layers on Si wafers by using developed direct wafer bonding (DWB). In order to realize III–V-OI MOSFETs with ultrathin body and extremely thin body (ETB) InGaAs-OI channel layers and ultrathin BOX layers, we have developed an electron-cyclotron resonance (ECR) O2 plasma-assisted DWB process with ECR sputtered SiO2 BOX layers and a DWB process based on atomic-layer-deposition Al2O3 (ALD-Al2O3) BOX layers. It is essential to suppress micro-void generation during wafer bonding process to achieve excellent wafer bonding. We have found that major causes of micro-void generation in DWB processes with ECR-SiO2 and ALD-Al2O3 BOX layers are desorption of Ar and H2O gas, respectively. In order to suppress micro-void generation in the ECR-SiO2 BOX layers, it is effective to introduce the outgas process before bonding wafers. On the other hand, it is a possible solution for suppressing micro-void generation in the ALD-Al2O3 BOX layers to increase the deposition temperature of the ALD-Al2O3 BOX layers. It is also another possible solution to deposit ALD-Al2O3 BOX layers on thermally oxidized SiO2 layers, which can absorb the desorption gas from ALD-Al2O3 BOX layers.
Application of Arbitrarily Focused Image Generation to Object Based Rate Control of Video Coding. (1998)

筆者らは, 奥行きの異なるシーンに対し, 焦点の異なる複数の画像を統合することにより任意焦点画像生成手法を検討してきた.本稿ではこの手法を画像符号化と組合せることにより, オブジェクト毎に符号化画質を制御しうることを示す.
Abstract 58 (2014)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Term ordering problem on MDG (2002)

As an efficient representation of Extended Finite State Machines, Multiway Decision Graphs (MDG) are suitable for automatic hardware verification of Register Transfer Level (RTL) designs. However, in some cases, MDG-based verification suffers from the state explosion problem. Some of cases are caused by the standard order used by MDG to order cross-terms that have the same top-level function symbol. These terms usually label decision nodes and must be ordered. We call this kind of state explosion the standard term ordering problem. A solution based on function renaming and cross-term rewriting is proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this solution can solve the problem completely and thus increase the range of circuits that can be verified by MDG.
Defining Reference Nutrient Concentrations in Southeast Eco‐Region Lakes, China (2013)

Establishing nutrient reference conditions of lakes in eco‐region is beneficial to set realistic restoration targets and guide regulation of water bodies, and aid in the analysis of economic losses derived from eutrophication. In this paper, total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), Secchi depth (SD), and planktonic chlorophyll a (Chl‐a) reference conditions in Southeast eco‐region lakes were calculated using lake population distribution method and trisection method. The results indicated that the two methods provided consistently similar values to our predicted baselines of TP, TN, SD, and Chl‐a. Furthermore, multiple linear regression model prediction and a novel extrapolation approach by combining optimal map recognition with pattern recognition inverse mapping were developed for estimating reference nutrient concentrations. Although there is no clear recommendation about the best method for determining nutrient reference values, reference values determined by these methods were nearly consistent for all parameters. The values and ranges considered as nutrients reference conditions for Southeast eco‐region lakes were given as follows: 0.020–0.025 mg/L TP, 0.55–0.65 mg/L TN, 1.6–2.50 mg/m 3 Chl‐a, 2.00–2.50 m SD. Overall, the results suggest that multiple linear regression and extrapolation approach can be used to define reference conditions, and the reference condition corresponds to mesotrophic status in Southeast eco‐region lakes.
Efficient design process for the evaluation and control of flare in opto-mechanical systems (2009)

Even the best optical designs can be ruined by unwanted light: flare in the form of ghost images and veiling glare. The analysis of stray light in an opto-mechanical system is a step in the design process that is often limited to ghost image analysis by the optical designer. In many large design groups, stray light analysis is traditionally performed by optical engineers with very specialized analysis tools that are difficult to master. However, recent improvements in software packages are now offering tools that allow less experienced designers access to tool sets that can perform flare and veiling glare analysis for a substantial subset of optical design problems. This paper outlines an effective and efficient design process for determining the types and magnitudes of stray light in an optical system and demonstrates its use on an injection molded plastic lens assembly. We describe a capability that locates all of the optical paths and their relative magnitudes through an optical system and separates them into one of three categories: image path, ghost paths, or veiling glare. We then describe how to leverage this information to determine the most effective removal method for the "worst offenders".