gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Big data spatial analytics for enterprise applications (2015)

Big data is present everywhere and it can help organization in any industry in many different ways. One of the main sources of this data is the increased digitization in every aspect of life. In general terms, digitization is the process of making something digital. That is, use computer technology in the middle of an activity that used to be done without computers. For example, people used to shoot pictures on film, but now most of the pictures are digital. People used to pay tolls with cash, and now it is digital. People used to drive cars with rack-and-pinion steering, now they are all drive-by-wire, fully digital rolling computers.
First-principles calculations of the electronic properties of silicon quantum wires (1992)

We have performed first-principles pseudopotential calculations for H-terminated Si wires with thicknesses from 12 to 23 \AA{}, calculating the band gaps and optical matrix elements. Comparison with effective-mass theory shows that the latter is valid for wires wider than 23 \AA{}. We have used our data to analyze the luminescent properties of highly porous Si fabricated by electrochemical etching of Si wafers in HF-based solutions.
Measurement of N7-(2‘-Hydroxyethyl)guanine in Human DNA by Gas Chromatography Electron Capture Mass Spectrometry (2004)

An improved method is presented, based on gas chromatography-electron capture mass spectrometry (GC-EC-MS), for measuring N7-(2'-hydroxyethyl)guanine (N7-HEG) in DNA from an in vivo sample. The method was used to detect this adduct in amounts of human DNA ranging from 0.07 to 11.5 microg isolated from granulocytes. In this method, the DNA is spiked with a stable isotope internal standard (N7-HEG-d4) and heated in water to release the adduct in a nucleobase form. After the adduct is extracted into 1-butanol, it is purified by reverse phase HPLC and derivatized with HONO, pentafluorobenzyl bromide, and pivalic anhydride. Further purification by silica solid phase extraction and reverse phase HPLC is done prior to injection into a GC-EC-MS. Relatively clean GC-EC-MS chromatograms result, contributing to the high sensitivity that is observed. In the samples tested, from 1.6 to 240 N7-HEG adducts in 10(7) nucleotides were observed, a 150-fold range.
Radiation Effects on Programmed NROM Cells (2008)

NROM type non-volatile memories, having information charge stored in traps in silicon nitride layer, were subjected to different radiation sources in order to ascertain the radiation hardness. Fundamental device parameters, such as threshold voltage shift and current leakages were studied as function of the accumulated dose for gamma (60Co) and Boron ions irradiations to emulate real radiation environments for space and avionics applications. Radiation tolerance of NROM cells was registered with a pronounced degradation for doses exceeding 50 Krad and 1x1010 B/cm2 for gamma and Boron ions irradiations respectively.
Supplementary Table 2 from BAD Phosphorylation Determines Ovarian Cancer Chemosensitivity and Patient Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 450KB, Genes/probe sets in patient samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Large-Scale Production of Mature Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Three-Dimensional Suspension Culture System (2016)

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer a renewable source of cells that can be expanded indefinitely and differentiated into virtually any type of cell in the human body, including neurons. This opens up unprecedented possibilities to study neuronal cell and developmental biology and cellular pathology of the nervous system, provides a platform for the screening of chemical libraries that affect these processes, and offers a potential source of transplantable cells for regenerative approaches to neurological disease. However, defining protocols that permit a large number and high yield of neurons has proved difficult. We present differentiation protocols for the generation of distinct subtypes of neurons in a highly reproducible manner, with minimal experiment-to-experiment variation. These neurons form synapses with neighboring cells, exhibit spontaneous electrical activity, and respond appropriately to depolarization. hPSC-derived neurons exhibit a high degree of maturation and survive in culture for up to 4-5 months, even without astrocyte feeder layers.
Acute monocytic leukemia: a myeloid leukemia subset that may be sensitive to methotrexate. (1995)

Impaired polyglutamylation of methotrexate (MTX) and thus poor retention is believed to be the basis of intrinsic resistance in blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to MTX. We studied additional samples from patients with this disease, and confirmed that polyglutamylation of MTX was poor in ANLL blast cells. However, in one subset of ANLL, acute monocytic leukemia, (M5) leukemia blasts were found to be capable of accumulating and forming long-chain MTX polyglutamates. An acute monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1 also was found to accumulate high levels of MTX polyglutamates and was relatively sensitive to MTX, strengthening the concept that M5 blasts may be sensitive to this drug. MTX may be an overlooked drug for the treatment of acute monocytic leukemia.
TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in pathogenesis of autoimmune renal disease (101.7) (2007)

Abstract Lupus nephritis (LN), which manifests histologically by glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitial inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation, is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in systemic lupus (SLE). TNF ligands and receptors are important in the pathogenesis of LN; furthermore, we recently found that TWEAK, a member of the TNF ligand superfamily, was significantly increased in urine from patients with active LN as compared to patients with inactive renal disease. We studied the effects of TWEAK in human kidney cells including mesangial cells (MC), podocytes and tubular cells, following our demonstration of the presence of the TWEAK receptor Fn14 on these cells. TWEAK induces kidney cells to secret multiple inflammatory mediators, including RANTES, MCP-1, IP-10, MIP-1a, GM-CSF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Cytokine production is primarily mediated through NF-kB activation, and could be inhibited by novel anti-TWEAK mAb. TWEAK-stimulated chemokines induced PBMC migration, especially monocyte/macrophages, which may then infiltrate into lupus kidneys in vivo. Furthermore, we found that TWEAK promotes MC proliferation. In conclusion, TWEAK may play a pathogenic role in the development of LN by enhancing renal inflammation and MC proliferation. Furthermore, blocking TWEAK/Fn14 interactions may be a promising therapeutic target in LN and perhaps other immune-mediated renal diseases.
Modeling the Effects of Genotypic and Environmental Variation on Maize Phenology: The Phenology Subroutine of the AgMaize Crop Model (2018)

The predictive ability of process-based maize models is predicated on accurate prediction of phenology in terms of maize hybrids (genetics), abiotic factors affecting maize development (environment), and genotype × environment interactions. This chapter describes the phenology routines of a new process-based maize model, AgMaize, being implemented in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). It evaluates the model using a large number of diverse datasets and compares the outcome of the evaluation to predictions by the existing maize phenology model in DSSAT: the CERES-Maize phenology model. The life cycle of maize in AgMaize is divided into three phases: the pre-flowering, the flowering, and the post-flowering or grain-filling period. Except for germination, rate of development during the pre-flowering phase is based on the relationship between rate of leaf appearance and temperature. Predictions of phase duration by CERES-Maize were similar to those by AgMaize when the models were calibrated by modifying genotype coefficients.
Supplementary Materials from A Model-Based Personalized Cancer Screening Strategy for Detecting Early-Stage Tumors Using Blood-Borne Biomarkers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The Supplementary Materials contains the following: 1) Derivation of Model Steady State Conditions in the Absence of Cancer; 2) Validation of the 2-Compartment Model Structure in the Absence and Presence of Cancer; 3) Parameter Values and Model Assumptions for Simulating Cancer Patient Screening; 4) Supplementary Fig. S1 (Mathematical modeling of blood biomarker data can be used for personalized detection of aggressive disease and monitoring of non-aggressive disease); 5) Supplementary Fig. S2 (Comparing early tumor growth using in vivo FL bioluminescence following implantation of A2780-SEAP-FL-eGFP or non-transfected A2780 cells in the mouse ovary); 6) Supplementary Fig. S3 (Plasma SEAP levels correlate with tumor viability in vivo in a subcutaneous 293T xenograft mouse model); 7) Supplementary Fig. S4 (SEAP shedding rates in cell culture); 8) Supplementary Fig. S5 (Model validation by predicting tumor growth in a subset of mice not used for model fitting and parameter estimation); 9) Supplementary Fig. S6 (Predicted tumor growth parameters in clinically relevant validation study); 10) Supplementary Fig. S7 (Application of the mathematical model to personalized screening of patients with asymptomatic aggressive disease in the absence of technical (assay measurement) error); 11) Supplementary Fig. S8 (Application of the mathematical model to personalized screening of patients with asymptomatic moderately aggressive disease); 12) Supplementary Table S1 (Model State Variables); 13) Supplementary Table S2 (Model Parameters); 14) Supplementary Table S3 (Estimating cancer-specific biomarker shedding kinetics in living mice); 15) Supplementary Table S4 (Summary of Training Parameter Estimates for Model Validation Study)&lt;/p&gt;
Quantitative analysis of flavor parameters in six Florida tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative analysis of flavor parameters in six Florida tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)Elizabeth A. Baldwin, Myrna O. Nisperos-Carriedo, Robert Baker, and J. W. ScottCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 6, 1135–1140Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00006a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views615Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (621 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Understanding and Managing Zoonotic Risk in the New Livestock Industries (2013)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Background: In many parts of the world, livestock production is undergoing a process of rapid intensification. The health implications of this development are uncertain. Intensification creates cheaper products, allowing more people to access animal-based foods. However, some practices associated with intensification may contribute to zoonotic disease emergence and spread: for example, the sustained use of antibiotics, concentration of animals in confined units, and long distances and frequent movement of livestock. Objectives: Here we present the diverse range of ecological, biological, and socioeconomic factors likely to enhance or reduce zoonotic risk, and identify ways in which a comprehensive risk analysis may be conducted by using an interdisciplinary approach. We also offer a conceptual framework to guide systematic research on this problem. Discussion: We recommend that interdisciplinary work on zoonotic risk should take into account the complexity of risk environments, rather than limiting studies to simple linear causal relations between risk drivers and disease emergence and/or spread. In addition, interdisciplinary integration is needed at different levels of analysis, from the study of risk environments to the identification of policy options for risk management. Conclusion: Given rapid changes in livestock production systems and their potential health implications at the local and global level, the problem we analyze here is of great importance for environmental health and development. Although we offer a systematic interd­ isciplinary approach to understand and address these implications, we recogn­ ize that further research is needed to clarify methodological and practical questions arising from the integration of the natural and social sciences.
Iron Phosphide Confined in Carbon Nanofibers as a Free-Standing Flexible Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries (2021)

Iron phosphide with high specific capacity has emerged as an appealing candidate for next-generation lithium-ion battery anodes. However, iron phosphide could undergo conversion reactions and generally suffer from a rapid capacity degradation upon cycling due to its structure pulverization. Chemomechanical breakdown of iron phosphide due to its rigidity has been a challenge to fully realizing its electrochemical performance. To address this challenge, we report here on an enticing opportunity: a flexible, free-standing iron phosphide anode with Fe<sub>2</sub>P nanoparticles confined in carbon nanofibers may overcome existing challenges. For the synthesis, we introduce a facile electrospinning strategy that enables in situ formation of Fe<sub>2</sub>P within a carbon matrix. Such a carbon matrix can effectively minimize the structure change of Fe<sub>2</sub>P particles and protect them from pulverization, allowing the electrodes to retain a free-standing structure after long-term cycling. The produced electrodes showed excellent electrochemical performance in lithium-ion half and full cells, as well as in flexible pouch cells. These results demonstrate the successful development of iron phosphide materials toward high capacity, light weight, and flexible energy storage.
Temperature effects in the hot wire chemical vapor deposition of amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbon alloy (2000)

The microstructure, composition, and bonding in hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbon alloy (a-SiC:H) films grown at different substrate temperatures were investigated by a combination of multiple internal reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and near edge x-ray absorption fine structure measurements. Hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HW–CVD) was used to grow the thin films at substrate temperatures ranging from 200 to 600 K using mono- and trimethylsilane as precursors. It is found that raising the substrate temperature during HW–CVD leads to films depleted in the higher hydrides (namely SiH3, SiH2, and CH3) in favor of the lower hydrides (SiH and CH). This change marks a transition of the film structure from a highly methylated-polysilane backbone to a polycarbosilane backbone. In addition, some crystalline characteristics appear with increasing substrate temperature, demonstrating that the change of substrate temperature affects both the hydrogen configuration and the microstructure of the film. Temperature-dependent growth of thin a-SiC:H films by HW–CVD is compared with the method of electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced (PECVD).
A 7&#x03BC;W pH-to-digital converter for quality monitoring of perishable products (2013)

This paper describes an energy-efficient smart pH sensor intended for use in RFID tags to monitor the quality of perishable products. The sensor is based on an Extended Gate Field-Effect Transistor (EGFET). In a measurement time of 20 ms, it achieves a pH resolution of 0.05 and an accuracy of 0.1 in a pH range from 3 to 10, while consuming only 7 μW. This level of power consumption, which is orders of magnitude lower than the prior art, is achieved by incorporating the EGFET in an ultra-low-power frontend based on a differential source-follower, and digitizing the resulting pH-dependent voltage using an incremental first-order ΔΣ ADC.
Extended Design Space of Silicon-on-Nothing MEMS (2019)

Complex monolithic Si MEMS can be created using a single mask by extending the empty-space-in-silicon (ESS) or silicon-on-nothing (SON) technology. The fabrication combines isotropic and anisotropic etching with selective removal of passivation layers followed by hydrogen annealing. The resulting expanded design space includes multilayer structures and embedded cavities. The MEMS formation by the hydrogen annealing is simulated both at large scales and microscopic scales that together predict the shape of the finished MEMS. We demonstrate the accuracy of our process and simulations by fabricating single- and double-layer evacuated silicon voids that form Fabry-Perot optical pressure sensors with the sealed voids as pressure references. We also create multi-layered sensors with an integrated photonic crystals sensing diaphragm for improved optical readout. The sensors have a calculated 6.7 μV/Pa sensitivity and low noise over a dynamic range of over 70.9 kPa.
High resolution mask metrology in photo lithography: impact of rigorous effects (2006)

In lithography assessment of the mask performance and the printability of mask defects is an important issue. For that rigorous effects have to be included into the mask metrology. A measurement of the mask topography alone would yield significant errors. Furthermore, rigorous effects can be used for increased accuracy in high resolution optical metrology in general. Based on systematic simulations with MicroSim using the rigorous coupled wave analysis, we have developed a classification scheme of the mask induced polarization effects in optical lithography.
Probing the “Order” in Complexity: Entropy-engineered Thermoelectric Materials (2023)

Journal Article Probing the “Order” in Complexity: Entropy-engineered Thermoelectric Materials Get access Yukun Liu, Yukun Liu Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephanie Ribet, Stephanie Ribet Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesInternational Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hongyao Xie, Hongyao Xie Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Roberto dos Reis, Roberto dos Reis Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesInternational Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesThe NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mercouri Kanatzidis, Mercouri Kanatzidis Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesInternational Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vinayak Dravid Vinayak Dravid Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesInternational Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesThe NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States Corresponding author: v-dravid@northwestern.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 29, Issue Supplement_1, 1 August 2023, Pages 1281–1283, https://doi.org/10.1093/micmic/ozad067.655 Published: 22 July 2023
The ASU-DCU International Research and Workforce Development Program on Sensors and Machine Learning (2022)

The Arizona State University (ASU) - Dublin City University (DCU) International Research Experiences for Students (IRES) project is a summer workforce development program that embeds students in machine learning and sensor research. This collaborative IRES program, funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), engages faculty mentors from the Sensor, Signal, Information Processing (SenSIP) Center at ASU, and the Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics and Biodesign Europe at DCU to train students in sensor design, analytics, and machine learning algorithm development. Sensor and machine learning research addresses engineering and computing problems in health care and other related applications. IRES participants are tasked with studying hardware, algorithms and software for various tasks including activity detection, gait modeling, imaging, hemochromatosis prediction, and health care analytics. Crosscutting efforts include training in international research presentations, research documentation and building awareness of international policies and standards. The program includes weekly research updates by the students, participation in workshops and continued engagement after the summer experience. This paper describes the various components of IRES sensor and machine learning research through ongoing center projects at ASU and DCU.
S -nitrosylation of the Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1 Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Inhibitors of Succinate Dehydrogenase (2016)

S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) represents the best-documented denitrosylase implicated in regulating the levels of proteins posttranslationally modified by nitric oxide on cysteine residues by S-nitrosylation. GSNOR controls a diverse array of physiologic functions, including cellular growth and differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism. Chromosomal deletion of GSNOR results in pathologic protein S-nitrosylation that is implicated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we identify a metabolic hallmark of aberrant S-nitrosylation in HCC and exploit it for therapeutic gain. We find that hepatocyte GSNOR deficiency is characterized by mitochondrial alteration and by marked increases in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) levels and activity. We find that this depends on the selective S-nitrosylation of Cys(501) in the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1, which mediates its degradation. As a result, GSNOR-deficient cells and tumors are highly sensitive to SDH inhibition, namely to α-tocopheryl succinate, an SDH-targeting molecule that induced RIP1/PARP1-mediated necroptosis and inhibited tumor growth. Our work provides a specific molecular signature of aberrant S-nitrosylation in HCC, a novel molecular target in SDH, and a first-in-class therapy to treat the disease. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4170-82. ©2016 AACR.
ChemInform Abstract: A SHORT SYNTHESIS OF Γ‐HYDROXYCYCLOPENTENONES (1983)

Abstract Eine einfache Synthese für r?ydroxy‐cyclopentenone beruht auf der Cycloaddition von Olefinen an Nitriloxide zu Isoxazolinen, anschließende Reduktion und intramolekulare Aldol‐Reaktion im angegebenen Sinne.