gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acoustic and Linguistic Features of Impromptu Speech and Their Association With Anxiety: Validation Study (Preprint) (2022)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> The measurement and monitoring of generalized anxiety disorder requires frequent interaction with psychiatrists or psychologists. Access to mental health professionals is often difficult because of high costs or insufficient availability. The ability to assess generalized anxiety disorder passively and at frequent intervals could be a useful complement to conventional treatment and help with relapse monitoring. Prior work suggests that higher anxiety levels are associated with features of human speech. As such, monitoring speech using personal smartphones or other wearable devices may be a means to achieve passive anxiety monitoring. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims to validate the association of previously suggested acoustic and linguistic features of speech with anxiety severity. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> A large number of participants (n=2000) were recruited and participated in a single web-based study session. Participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale assessment and provided an impromptu speech sample in response to a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test. Acoustic and linguistic speech features were a priori selected based on the existing speech and anxiety literature, along with related features. Associations between speech features and anxiety levels were assessed using age and personal income as covariates. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Word count and speaking duration were negatively correlated with anxiety scores (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=–0.12; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001), indicating that participants with higher anxiety scores spoke less. Several acoustic features were also significantly (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.05) associated with anxiety, including the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, linear prediction cepstral coefficients, shimmer, fundamental frequency, and first formant. In contrast to previous literature, second and third formant, jitter, and zero crossing rate for the &lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt; score of the power spectral density acoustic features were not significantly associated with anxiety. Linguistic features, including negative-emotion words, were also associated with anxiety (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.10; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). In addition, some linguistic relationships were sex dependent. For example, the count of words related to power was positively associated with anxiety in women (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.07; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.03), whereas it was negatively associated with anxiety in men (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=–0.09; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.01). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Both acoustic and linguistic speech measures are associated with anxiety scores. The amount of speech, acoustic quality of speech, and gender-specific linguistic characteristics of speech may be useful as part of a system to screen for anxiety, detect relapse, or monitor treatment. </sec>
Femoral Intramedullary Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Indications, Results, Pitfalls, Alternatives, and Controversies (2018)

While femoral intramedullary alignment has been found to be the most accurate and reproducible method for proper femoral component orientation in total knee arthroplasty, certain situations preclude the use of intramedullary alignment, such as ipsilateral long-stem total hip arthroplasty, femoral shaft deformity (congenital or post-traumatic), capacious femoral canal, and retained hardware. These cases require alternative alignment guides, that is, extramedullary alignment. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of intramedullary alignment in reproducing the femoral anatomic axis. Using 35 adult cadaveric femora without obvious clinical deformity, and 7 with proximal prosthetic devices blocking the passage of an intramedullary guide, the accuracy of the guide rod was assessed both anatomically and radiographically. In the seven femora with proximal femoral devices, the guide rod could not be completely seated, resulting in a greater degree of flexion of the guide rod compared with the mechanical axis of the femur, and a greater degree of varus compared with the anatomical axis, as compared with 35 femora without obvious deformity. In cases where seating of the intramedullary guide rod is either incomplete or impossible, extramedullary femoral guides allow more accurate determination of the distal femoral cut by referencing directly from the mechanical axis, that is, the center of the femoral head. We present case studies as examples of indications for use of an extramedullary femoral guide. In addition, we demonstrate two different techniques for extramedullary femoral alignment using fluoroscopic guidance in cases incompatible with intramedullary alignment.
A 9-nW on-chip constant subthreshold CMOS transconductance bias with fine-tuning (2017)

A novel 9 nW process, voltage, and temperature invariant subthreshold transconductance bias circuit is designed using a 150 nm CMOS process with BSIM3.V3 models. The circuit uses no external components or strong inversion transistors, drastically reducing complexity and lowering power compared with prior work. The proposed method extracts the specific current of a transistor and is then passed through a squaring circuit to deliver a constant transconductance bias over temperature in subthreshold region. We also propose a unique fine-tuning block that improves the robustness of the transconductance using the difference in the mobility temperature exponent, m, of electrons of differently-sized NMOS transistors. Simulations show that the circuit outperforms prior work with the least variation in subthreshold transconductance of +0.63% over −40 °C to 125 °C.
The impact of hypoxia and its modification of the outcome of radiotherapy (2016)

Since the initial observations made at the beginning of the last century, it has been established that solid tumors contain regions of low oxygenation (hypoxia). Tumor cells can survive in these hypoxic conditions and are a major factor in tumor radioresistance. This significance has resulted in hypoxia becoming the most cited biological topic in translational radiation oncology. Identifying hypoxic cells in human tumors has become paramount, and the ability to do this has been improved by the help of new imaging techniques and the use of predictive gene profiles. Substantial data confirm the presence of hypoxia in many types of human tumors, although with considerable heterogeneity among individual tumors. Various approaches have been investigated for eliminating the hypoxic population. These include increasing oxygen availability, directly radiosensitizing or killing the hypoxic cells, indirectly affecting them by targeting the tumor vascular supply, increasing the radiation dose to this resistant population, or by using radiation with a high linear energy transfer, for which hypoxia is believed to be less of an issue. Many of these approaches have undergone controlled clinical trials during the last 50 years, and the results have shown that hypoxic radiation resistance can indeed be overcome. Thus, ample data exists to support a high level of evidence for the benefit of hypoxic modification. However, such hypoxic modification still has no impact on general clinical practice. In this review we summarize the biological rationale, and the current activities and trials, related to identifying and overcoming hypoxia in modern radiotherapy.
Can geographic routing scale when nodes are mobile? (2012)

We begin by asking whether geographic routing can scale when nodes are mobile; that is, can the overhead involved in tracking node locations be accommodated within the transport capacity of large-scale mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs)? We answer this question in the affirmative by proposing an efficient position publish protocol which fits within the transport capacity and a routing protocol that operates with imperfect information of the destination's location. The routing protocol guarantees, with high probability, routes whose lengths are within a constant “stretch” factor of the shortest path from source to destination. The key idea underlying the scalability of the publish protocol is for each potential destination node to send location updates (with frequency decaying with distance) only to a subset of network nodes, structured as annular regions around it (the natural approach of updating circular regions in distance-dependent fashion does not scale). The routing protocol must then account for the fact that the source and/or relay nodes may not have estimates of the destination's location (or may have stale estimates). Spatial and temporal scaling of protocol parameters are chosen so as to guarantee scalability, route reliability and route stretch.
A Convex Optimization Approach for Addressing Storage-CommunicationTradeoffs in Multicast Encryption (1999)

In Eurocrypt&amp;apos;99, Canetti, Malkin, and Nissim [1] presented a new tree based key distribution algorithm that required O(log n) (n is the group size) key update communications and key storage of O( n log n ). The results in [1] are known to be the first results presenting the sub-linear storage among the family of tree based key distribution schemes. The question of whether this storage was the possible optimal value while keeping the communication as O(log n) was posed as a problem. We show that the storage-communication tradeoff can be formulated as a convex optimization problem in terms of the size of the minimal storage parameter defined in [1]. In particular, we show that the optimal solution is parameterizable by the ratio of the communication and storage costs denoted , the degree of the tree denoted a, and the group size n. Using this design triplet (a; n; ), we show that not only the results in [1] but also the results of the basic scheme of Wallner, Harder, and Agee ...
Embedding LTE-U within Wi-Fi Bands for Spectrum Efficiency Improvement (2017)

Driven by growing spectrum shortage, LTE in unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) has recently been proposed as a new paradigm to deliver better performance and experience for mobile users by extending the LTE protocol to unlicensed spectrum. In this article, we first present a comprehensive overview of the LTE-U technology, and discuss the practical challenges it faces. We summarize the existing LTE-U operation modes and analyze several means for LTE-U coexistence with Wi-Fi medium access control protocols. We further propose a novel hyper access point (HAP) that integrates the functionalities of LTE small cell base station and commercial Wi-Fi AP for deployment by cellular network operators. Our proposed LTE-U access embedding within the Wi-Fi protocol is non-disruptive to unlicensed Wi-Fi nodes and demonstrates performance benefits as a seamless and novel LTE and Wi-Fi coexistence technology in unlicensed band. We provide results to demonstrate the performance advantages of this novel LTE-U proposal.
Wave-Like Class Activation Map With Representation Fusion for Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation (2023)

The Class Activation Map (CAM) is widely used to generate pseudo-labels for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS), while it does not adequately consider the modeling of foreground-independent information, resulting in prone to false positive pixels. In this paper, we propose a Wave-like Class Activation Map (WaveCAM) from the perspective of representation fusion and dynamic aggregation representation to alleviate the above problem. Specifically, our WaveCAM includes the foreground-aware representation modeling that enhances perception of foreground information, and the foreground-independent representation modeling that enhances perception of foreground-independent information, and a representation-adaptive fusion module that fuses the two representations. Both representations are expressed as wave functions with amplitude and phase to dynamically aggregate representations and extract semantic information after initialization, and they are fused through the adaptive fusion module to obtain an output containing rich semantic information. Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset and MS COCO 2014 dataset validate that our WaveCAM can easily embed multi-stage WSSS and end-to-end WSSS, achieving the state-of-the-art performance.
Multi-system fusion of extended context prosodic and cepstral features for paralinguistic speaker trait classification (2012)

As automatic speech processing has matured, research attention has expanded to paralinguistic speech problems that aim to detect beyond-the-words information. This paper focuses on the identification of seven speaker trait categories from the Interspeech Speaker Trait Challenge: likeability, intelligibility, openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Our approach combines multiple features including prosodic, cepstral, shifted-delta cepstral, and a reduced set of the OpenSMILE features. Our classification approaches included GMM-UBM, eigenchannel, support vector machines, and distance based classifiers. Optimized feature reduction and logistic regression-based score calibration and fusion led to results that perform competitively against the challenge baseline in all categories.
Development of a Multiuse Human-Scale Single-Ring OpenPET System (2020)

We developed a human-scale single-ring OpenPET (SROP) system, which had an open space allowing us access to the subject during measurement. The SROP system consisted of 160 4-layer depth-of-interaction detectors. The open space with the axial width of 430 mm was achieved with the ring axial width of 214 mm and the ring inner diameter of 660 mm. The detectors were axially shifted to each other so that the detector ring was aligned along a plane horizontally tilted by 45° against the axial direction. The system was developed as a mobile scanner to be used not only in clinical positron emission tomography (PET) rooms but also in charged-particle therapy treatment rooms as well as animal experiment rooms. Almost uniform spatial resolution better than 3 mm throughout the entire field of view (FOV) was realized with an iterative image reconstruction method. Peak absolute sensitivity was 3.1%, and there was a region with sensitivity better than 0.8% for a length of more than 700 mm. An in-beam imaging experiment conducted at the heavy ion medical accelerator in Chiba showed that the system was operable even at the highest beam intensity available for heavy-ion therapy. In addition, we conducted entire-body monkey dynamic imaging utilizing the long region inside the gantry by positioning a monkey along the direction having the longest FOV tilted by 45° against the axial direction. We concluded the developed system has a capability to realize versatile PET applications by utilizing its wide-open space and mobility in addition to high spatial resolution with sufficiently good sensitivity. -9mm]Please consider rephrasing the sentence “We concluded the developed system” for clarity.
Stereoisomerically Pure Trisubstituted Vinylaluminum Reagents and their Utility in Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,4‐Dienes Containing Z or E Alkenes (2009)

The desired isomer of a chiral 1,4-diene containing an E or Z double bond can be accessed readily by a regio- and stereoselective hydroalumination of silyl-substituted alkynes and subsequent enantioselective copper-catalyzed allylic alkylation. The utility of the procedure was demonstrated through the synthesis of (−)-nyasol (see scheme). dibal-H=diisobutylaluminum hydride, NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
FoxP3 Mediated Induction of Pim 2 Allows T Regulatory Cells to Preferentially Expand in Rapamycin (2008)

Addition of rapamycin to cultures of expanding T regulatory cells helps maintain their suppressive activity, but the mechanism behind this observation is unclear. Human pim 2, similar to murine pim 2, is a serine/threonine kinase that can confer rapamycin resistance. Unexpectedly, pim 2 was found to be constitutively expressed in freshly isolated, resting T regulatory cells but not in CD4 T effector cells, explaining why addition of rapamycin prior to T cell activation favors T regulatory cell expansion. Introduction of FoxP3, but not FoxP3Ä2, into effector CD4 T cells induced pim 2 expression and conferred preferential expansion in the presence of rapamycin, indicating that FoxP3 can regulate pim 2 expression and that functional differences do exist between the two prominent FoxP3 isoforms. Finally, we correlated the ability of natural T regulatory cells to expand with FoxP3 expression and observed positive correlation in the presence of rapamycin and a negative correlation in the absence of rapamycin. Together, these results indicate that T regulatory cells, because of their constitutive expression of FoxP3, are programmed to be resistant to rapamycin and this provides further rationale why this immunosuppressant drug should be used to augment T regulatory activity.
Selective sensitization of retinoblastoma protein-deficient sarcoma cells to doxorubicin by flavopiridol-mediated inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 kinase activity. (2001)

We examined the effects of flavopiridol (FP), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cell killing in an osteosarcoma cell line (SaOs-2) that lacks functional retinoblastoma protein (pRb). The IC50 value for DOX was 7-fold lower when combined with a low dose (100 nM) FP in pRb-deficient SaOs-2 cells than in the absence of FP. In contrast, the IC50 value for DOX was not decreased in the presence of 100 nM FP in pRb-restored SaOs-2 cells. Consistent with this, FP enhanced DOX-induced activation of caspase-3, which correlates with apoptosis, in pRb-deficient cells but not in pRb-restored cells. Additional studies showed that FP decreased DOX-induced cell accumulation in S phase in retinoblastoma-restored cells but not in pRb-deficient cells. An increased expression of p21 and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 kinase activity by FP was also observed in pRb-deficient cells but not in retinoblastoma-restored SaOs-2 cells. We conclude that pRb plays a key role in determining whether FP selectively sensitizes DOX-induced cell killing in human sarcoma cells. Because lack of functional pRb is a common abnormality in human cancers, the combination of FP with DOX in tumors lacking pRb would be worthy of further investigation.
The Effect of Potassium on the Hydrogenation of CO and Co2 Over Supported Rh Catalysts. (1986)

The reactions of hydrogen with carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide over Rh/Al2O3 and Rh/TiO2 films, some of which contained potassium as an additive, have been investigated. For the CO hydrogenation reaction the presence of potassium caused the dissociation or desorption of the gem dicarbonyl, linear CO, and carbonyl hydride species, while it led to an enhancement of the bridged carbonyl spe cies. For Rh/TiO2 films the hydrogenation of CO produced acetone and acetaldehyde as oxygenated products; the bridged carbonyl species was the likely precursor of these products. For the CO2 hydrogenation reaction the presence of potassium caused the dissociation or desorption of all CO species, and oxygenated products were not produced. Potassium significantly poisoned both reactions toward the production of methane.
Properties and potential environmental applications of carbon adsorbents from waste tire rubber (2000)

Germinating seedlings of Catharanthus roseus produce monoterpenoid indole alkaloids as a result of a transient increase of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) activity. The influence of auxins on this transient rise of TDC activity was studied. External application of indolebutyric acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at a concentration of 20 to 40 mum enhanced and prolonged the rise in TDC activity in developing seedlings. Auxin treatment also influenced the morphology of the seedlings; it induced a shortening and thickening of the hypocotyl and the radicle and promoted the initiation of lateral roots in the radicle. During development, the radicles of auxin-treated seedlings displayed a gradual increase in TDC activity that was absent in the radicles of untreated controls. Examination of immunoblots revealed anti-TDC reactive proteins in extracts from radicles of auxin-treated seedlings, but none in extracts from radicles of control seedlings. In contrast, TDC activity and immunoreactive protein levels in the aerial parts of controls and auxin-treated seedlings were comparable. Our results indicate that externally applied auxins induce both abnormal development and TDC activity in the radicles of Catharanthus seedlings. Although auxins slightly delayed the light-mediated induction of the cotyledon-specific last step in vindoline biosynthesis (i.e. acetylcoenzyme A: deacetylvindolin-O-acetyltransferase activity), seedlings still synthesized vindoline, one of the major alkaloid end products.
Research data supporting "Investigation of the effect of microstructural changes on thermal transport in semicrystalline polymer semiconductors" (2019)

This dataset contains Matlab figures corresponding to the figures in the article as well as instructions on how to extract specific data from these figures in Matlab environment. The data was obtained using Linseis Thin Film Analyser in August - November 2018 by Ekaterina Selezneva at the University of Cambridge within EPSRC CAM-IES project, Grant No. EP/P007767/1.
SIVmac Expressing Hybrid Envelope Proteins Containing HIV-1 V3 and/or C4 Sequences Is Not Competent for Replication (1994)

The V3- and C4-coding regions in the envelope gene of the infectious, pathogenic SIVmac239 clone were replaced by the corresponding HIV-1 sequences. Viral particles were obtained after transfection of COS-1 cells. Chimeric SIVmac constructs were not replication competent in the human T cell lines CEMx174, AA2, H9, and MT-4 or in primary cultures of rhesus monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The lack of infectivity of the hybrid constructs was associated with inefficient proteolytic processing of the gp160env precursor. Unlike the modular nature of some proteins, gp120 appears to be a highly ordered molecule whose function is dependent on the integration of many discontinuous, interactive regions.
Compact USB stick with integrated antenna diversity for digital terrestrial TV reception (2007)

An USB key like digital Terrestrial TV receiver with built in antenna diversity is designed, realized and tested. It allows a free to air reception of Digital Terrestrial TV on a PC or a laptop. The housing of the compact receiver is used as part of antennas. The design is optimized to cover the whole UHF European frequency bandwidth (470MHz- 862MHz) with good antenna efficiency taking into account the size and the form factor of the USB-key. The obtained results are compliant with simulations. A propagation study confirms the coverage improvement of this solution.