gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9386: Ramp Biphasic Waveforms Have a Lower External Defibrillation Threshold (2014)

Introduction: We have previously shown that waveforms with an ascending ramp in both phases have a lower internal defibrillation threshold (DFT). The purpose of this study was to test whether waveforms with rectilinear, ascending and descending ramps in the second phase would reduce the DFT compared with a standard exponential biphasic waveform with external defibrillation shocks. Methods: In 6 pigs, DFTs were determined for 10 waveforms: a standard truncated exponential biphasic waveform with 60% tilt (Fig 1, #1) and 9 biphasic waveforms with an 8 ms ascending ramp 1st phase and one of 3 rectilinear, ascending ramp or descending ramp 2nd phases. The 3 rectilinear 2nd phases were: 1 ms, 200% of peak voltage of phase 1 (#2); 2 ms, same voltage as phase (#3); 3 ms, half the voltage of phase 1 (#4). The 3 ascending ramp 2nd phases were: 2 ms, 200% of voltage of phase 1(#5); 3 ms, same voltage as phase 1(#6); 4.5 ms, half the voltage of phase 1(#7). The 3 descending ramp 2nd phases were: 2 ms, 200% of voltage of phase 1(#8); 3 ms, same voltage as phase 1(#9); 4.5 ms, half the voltage of phase 1(#10). Results: Phase 2 ascending ramp (#7) and descending ramp (#8, #9) waveforms had the lowest DFTs, which were significantly smaller than for the truncated exponential waveform. (Fig 1, *indicates p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Waveforms with a ramp in phase 2 (#7, #8, #9) have a lower DFT.
Multiple screening approaches reveal HDAC6 as a novel regulator of glycolytic metabolism in triple-negative breast cancer (2021)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer without a targeted form of therapy. Unfortunately, up to 70% of patients with TNBC develop resistance to treatment. A known contributor to chemoresistance is dysfunctional mitochondrial apoptosis signaling. We set up a phenotypic small-molecule screen to reveal vulnerabilities in TNBC cells that were independent of mitochondrial apoptosis. Using a functional genetic approach, we identified that a "hit" compound, BAS-2, had a potentially similar mechanism of action to histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC). An in vitro HDAC inhibitor assay confirmed that the compound selectively inhibited HDAC6. Using state-of-the-art acetylome mass spectrometry, we identified glycolytic substrates of HDAC6 in TNBC cells. We confirmed that inhibition or knockout of HDAC6 reduced glycolytic metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. Through a series of unbiased screening approaches, we have identified a previously unidentified role for HDAC6 in regulating glycolytic metabolism.
Tacticity Distribution of Polypropene by Preparative and Analytical Temperature-Rising Elution Fractionation (TREF) (1997)

Abstract Several polypropene samples, synthesized with different catalytic systems based on TiCl4 supported on activated MgCl2 and different electron donors, were studied using both preparative and analytical temperature-rising elution fractionation (TREF). The experimental results show that each variation in the catalytic system is clearly reflected in the nature of the corresponding polymer, which can be distinguished by both preparative temperature rising elution fractionation and analytical temperature rising elution fractionation dissolution profiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of the Julia Asymmetric Epoxidation Reaction. Part 2. Application of the Oxidation to Alkyl Enones, Enediones and Unsaturated Keto Esters. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of (Vinyl Triethoxy Silane‐grafted PP)/Silica Nanocomposites (2006)

Abstract A new route has been developed to produce PP/silica nanocomposites starting from porous PP reactor powder and making use of sol‐gel chemistry. Silica‐like, nano‐sized particles were prepared in the pores of the PP reactor powder with a controlled degree of adhesion between PP and silica. Magic‐angle spinning (MAS) 29 Si NMR spectra showed that the chemical building blocks of the silica‐like clusters are of Q 3 and Q 4 ‐type. For (vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES)‐grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites, VTES was grafted via solid‐state modification (SSM) in porous PP particles. Subsequently, silica particles were prepared by sol‐gel technology in the VTES‐grafted PP. MAS 29 Si NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopy showed that the grafted VTES becomes part of the in‐situ formed silica particles. The study on the mechanical properties of (VTES‐grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites showed that the silica particles improved the impact toughness of PP by a factor of 2, when there is no chemical interaction between the particles and the matrix, while for (VTES‐grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites the impact toughness decreased. This indicates that chemical bonding between the filler particles and the PP‐matrix results in brittle failure and supports the hypothesis that debonding is necessary for improving the impact toughness of PP with inorganic fillers.
Reproducibility of [11C]FLB 457 binding in extrastriatal regions (2001)

Extrastriatal D2 dopamine receptors represent an important target of research into the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychiatric disorders. The high affinity radioligand [11C]FLB 457 makes possible the measurement of low concentrations of D2 receptors in extrastriatal regions using positron emission tomography (PET). The aim of this study was to assess the test/retest variability and reliability of [11C]FLB 457 binding using a reference tissue model. Eight healthy male subjects (aged 20-33 years) underwent two [11C]FLB 457 PET examinations. Radioactivity in the cerebellum was used as the reference. The binding potentials (BPs) for five cortical regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated using the reference tissue model. The BP was also calculated for each pixel in the form of parametric images. Reproducibility was assessed both for the ROI method and for the parametric images. The test/retest reproducibility for [11C]FLB 457 binding was good, with a mean variability ranging from 4.5% for the thalamus to 15.5% for the hippocampus. The parametric images also demonstrated good reproducibility. These results support the suitability of using [11C]FLB 457 for the quantitative evaluation of extrastriatal D2 receptors and for protocols requiring repeated measurements in the same individual.
Approaching 10% Conversion Efficiency Using Tandem Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Enhanced Optical Coupling: Final Report, October 2004 - December 2007 (2008)

To find routes to achieving nearly 10% power conversion efficiency based on a new generation of organic photovoltaic cells using vapor-deposited, small-molecular-weight organic materials.
Clinical laboratory verification of thyroglobulin concentrations in the presence of autoantibodies to thyroglobulin: comparison of EIA, radioimmunoassay and LC MS/MS measurements in an Urban Hospital (2017)

We measured TgAb and Tg in 50 plasma samples from 40 patients in whom Tg measurement was part of their routine follow-up and 10 healthy volunteers. Discrepancy between EIA and both LC-MS/MS and RIA was observed at low Tg concentrations (≤ 7.55 ng/mL) in TgAb positive specimens (LC-MS/MS = 1.9 * EIA - 0.03, r = 0.68). RIA and LC-MS/MS Tg measurements in TgAb positive specimens with low Tg concentrations had improved correlation but demonstrated bias (LC MS/MS = 0.6 * RIA - 1.4, r = 0.90). Disagreement between methods may be attributed to LC-MS/MS reported Tg concentrations as undetectable compared to RIA. It seems likely that most discrepant cases are falsely elevated in RIA due to TgAb interference, however, some cases appear below the detection limit of LC-MS/MS; implementation of LC-MS/MS by clinicians will require lower detection limits.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF 1‐SUBSTITUTED ORGANOMETALLIC DERIVATIVES OF 3,3‐DIMETHYLBUTANE‐1,2‐D2 (1974)

Abstract Die Reaktionen des threo‐Butylbrosylats und ‐tri?ats (I) mit metallenthaltenden Nucleophilen führt unter Inversion der Konfiguration zu den erythro‐Butylmetall‐ Verbindungen (II).
Mining software effort data (2008)

In the software development process, scheduling and predictability are important components to delivering a product on time and within budget. Effort estimation artifacts offer a rich data set for improving scheduling accuracy and for understanding the development process. Effort estimation data for 55 features in the latest release of Visual Studio Team System (VSTS) were collected and analyzed for trends, patterns, and differences. Statistical analysis shows that actual estimation error was positively correlated with feature size, and that in-process metrics of estimation error were also correlated with the final estimation error. These findings suggest that smaller features can be estimated more accurately, and that in-process estimation error metrics can be provide a quantitative supplement to developer intuition regarding high-risk features during the development process.
Oral Administration of Sargassum horneri Improves the HDM/DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice (2020)

The present study investigated the protective effects of <i>Sargassum horneri</i> (<i>S. horneri</i>) ethanol extract (SHE) against atopic dermatitis (AD), known as an abnormal immune response in house dust mite (HDM)/2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-stimulated NC/Nga mice. The oral administration of SHE attenuated the AD symptoms, including the skin dermatitis severity, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and ear edema in HDM/DNCB-stimulated mice. Moreover, the histological analysis revealed that SHE improved epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis, and reduced the dermal infiltrations of mast cells and eosinophils. Moreover, SHE downregulated the expression levels of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and interferon (IFN)-γ) and chemokines (Regulated on Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES), Eotaxin, and Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)) by decreasing the expression levels of atopic initiators (IL-25 and IL-33) in HDM/DNCB-stimulated skin. The oral administration of SHE decreased the spleen size, reducing expression levels of AD-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ, and TARC) by regulating the expressions of Tbx21 (T-bet), GATA Binding Protein 3 (GATA-3), and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Moreover, SHE significantly attenuated the serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G<sub>1</sub> and IgG<sub>2a</sub> levels in HDM/DNCB-stimulated mice. Collectively, these results suggest that <i>S. horneri</i> could be an ingredient of functional food against abnormal immune response.
BB8: A Scalable, Accurate, Robust to Partial Occlusion Method for Predicting the 3D Poses of Challenging Objects without Using Depth (2017)

We introduce a novel method for 3D object detection and pose estimation from color images only. We first use segmentation to detect the objects of interest in 2D even in presence of partial occlusions and cluttered background. By contrast with recent patch-based methods, we rely on a “holistic” approach: We apply to the detected objects a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained to predict their 3D poses in the form of 2D projections of the corners of their 3D bounding boxes. This, however, is not sufficient for handling objects from the recent T-LESS dataset: These objects exhibit an axis of rotational symmetry, and the similarity of two images of such an object under two different poses makes training the CNN challenging. We solve this problem by restricting the range of poses used for training, and by introducing a classifier to identify the range of a pose at run-time before estimating it. We also use an optional additional step that refines the predicted poses. We improve the state-of-the-art on the LINEMOD dataset from 73.7% [2] to 89.3% of correctly registered RGB frames. We are also the first to report results on the Occlusion dataset [1] using color images only. We obtain 54% of frames passing the Pose 6D criterion on average on several sequences of the T-LESS dataset, compared to the 67% of the state-of-the-art [10] on the same sequences which uses both color and depth. The full approach is also scalable, as a single network can be trained for multiple objects simultaneously.
Photo-induced halide redistribution in organic–inorganic perovskite films (2016)

Organic-inorganic perovskites such as CH3NH3PbI3 are promising materials for a variety of optoelectronic applications, with certified power conversion efficiencies in solar cells already exceeding 21%. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art films still contain performance-limiting non-radiative recombination sites and exhibit a range of complex dynamic phenomena under illumination that remain poorly understood. Here we use a unique combination of confocal photoluminescence (PL) microscopy and chemical imaging to correlate the local changes in photophysics with composition in CH3NH3PbI3 films under illumination. We demonstrate that the photo-induced 'brightening' of the perovskite PL can be attributed to an order-of-magnitude reduction in trap state density. By imaging the same regions with time-of-flight secondary-ion-mass spectrometry, we correlate this photobrightening with a net migration of iodine. Our work provides visual evidence for photo-induced halide migration in triiodide perovskites and reveals the complex interplay between charge carrier populations, electronic traps and mobile halides that collectively impact optoelectronic performance.
Crystallization of Precursors to Forsterite and Chromium‐Doped Forsterite (1994)

The pyrolysis and crystallization of poly(methacrylate) precursors and xerogels of forsterite and chromium‐doped forsterite were studied by in situ high‐temperature, dynamic X‐ray diffraction and thermal analysis. For both types of precursor, crystallization of forsterite occurred at lower temperature when doped with chromium. Also, exotherms above 700°C occurred 50°C lower when chromium was present. When residual carbon in the xerogels was more than ∼1%, an unidentified crystalline intermediate phase formed at ∼800°C. Conversion of the intermediate phase to forsterite was faster than amorphous material. Thus, full crystallinity was attained at a lower temperature when the xerogels had some residual carbon.
Reverting the molecular fingerprint of tumor dormancy as a therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma (2018)

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and invasive brain malignancy with high mortality rates despite current treatment modalities. In this study, we show that a 7-gene signature, previously found to govern the switch of glioblastomas from dormancy to aggressive tumor growth, correlates with improved overall survival of patients with glioblastoma. Using glioblastoma dormancy models, we validated the role of 2 genes from the signature, thrombospondin-1 ( TSP-1) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR), as regulators of glioblastoma dormancy and explored their therapeutic potential. EGFR up-regulation was reversed using EGFR small interfering RNA polyplex, antibody, or small-molecule inhibitor. The diminished function of TSP-1 was augmented via a peptidomimetic. The combination of EGFR inhibition and TSP-1 restoration led to enhanced therapeutic efficacy in vitro, in 3-dimensional patient-derived spheroids, and in a subcutaneous human glioblastoma model in vivo. Systemic administration of the combination therapy to mice bearing intracranial murine glioblastoma resulted in marginal therapeutic outcomes, probably due to brain delivery challenges, p53 mutation status, and the aggressive nature of the selected cell line. Nevertheless, this study provides a proof of concept for exploiting regulators of tumor dormancy for glioblastoma therapy. This therapeutic strategy can be exploited for future investigations using a variety of therapeutic entities that manipulate the expression of dormancy-associated genes in glioblastoma as well as in other cancer types.-Tiram, G., Ferber, S., Ofek, P., Eldar-Boock, A., Ben-Shushan, D., Yeini, E., Krivitsky, A., Blatt, R., Almog, N., Henkin, J., Amsalem, O., Yavin, E., Cohen, G., Lazarovici, P., Lee, J. S., Ruppin, E., Milyavsky, M., Grossman, R., Ram, Z., Calderón, M., Haag, R., Satchi-Fainaro, R. Reverting the molecular fingerprint of tumor dormancy as a therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Bonds as Ubiquitous Functionality: A General Approach to Complex Arylated Pyrazoles via Sequential Regioselective C‐Arylation and N‐Alkylation Enabled by SEM‐Group Transposition. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
From Bench to Bedside: Preclinical Evaluation of a Self-Inactivating Gammaretroviral Vector for the Gene Therapy of X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease (2013)

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by impaired antimicrobial activity in phagocytic cells. As a monogenic disease affecting the hematopoietic system, CGD is amenable to gene therapy. Indeed in a phase I/II clinical trial, we demonstrated a transient resolution of bacterial and fungal infections. However, the therapeutic benefit was compromised by the occurrence of clonal dominance and malignant transformation demanding alternative vectors with equal efficacy but safety-improved features. In this work we have developed and tested a self-inactivating (SIN) gammaretroviral vector (SINfes.gp91s) containing a codon-optimized transgene (gp91(phox)) under the transcriptional control of a myeloid promoter for the gene therapy of the X-linked form of CGD (X-CGD). Gene-corrected cells protected X-CGD mice from Aspergillus fumigatus challenge at low vector copy numbers. Moreover, the SINfes.gp91s vector generates substantial amounts of superoxide in human cells transplanted into immunodeficient mice. In vitro genotoxicity assays and longitudinal high-throughput integration site analysis in transplanted mice comprising primary and secondary animals for 11 months revealed a safe integration site profile with no signs of clonal dominance.
Three-dimensional deterministic graphene architectures formed using three-dimensional templates (2023)

In one embodiment, a composition of matter includes: a plurality of ligaments each independently comprising one or more layers of graphene; where the plurality of ligaments are arranged according to a deterministic three-dimensional (3D) pattern. In another embodiment, a method of forming a deterministic three-dimensional (3D) architecture of graphene includes: forming or providing a substrate structurally characterized by a predefined 3D pattern; forming one or more layers of metal on surfaces of the substrate; and forming one or more layers of graphene on surfaces of the metal.
Effect of a Foot-Drop Stimulator and Ankle–Foot Orthosis on Walking Performance After Stroke (2013)

Both devices produce equivalent functional gains.
Cryptography in an all encrypted world (2016)

Ensuring that communication is secure, including the ability to encrypt sensitive traffic, has always been a fundamental pillar of the telecom industry. Users expect their right to privacy to be respected, and operators expect to be able to protect themselves and their customers from various kinds of attacks. But the world is changing. Encryption technologies are advancing, regulations are changing, criminals are becoming highly tech savvy, and security awareness has become a popular conversation topic. So, in light of new threats and security demands, security protocols need a shake-up.
Supplemental Figures 1-8 from ERK Mutations Confer Resistance to Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figures 1-8. Fig. S1. The landscape of mutations of putative ERK1/2 resistance alleles; Fig. S2. Expression and signaling induced by validated ERK resistance alleles; Fig. S3. ERK2 signaling and kinase activity assays with the ERK inhibitor SCH772984; Fig. S4. Analysis of co-mutated ERK1/2 alterations; Fig. S5. Structural localization of RAF/MEK inhibitor alleles; Fig. S6. Drug sensitivity of non-validating alleles; Fig. S7. Drug sensitivity assays of RAF/MEK inhibitor resistance alleles; Fig. S8. Viability of ERK1/2 resistance alleles in WM266.4 cells&lt;/p&gt;
Gate Voltage Fluctuation Reduction in Fast-switching Operation for Uninterruptible Power System with SiC-MOSFET (2019)

A low noise gate drive architecture for uninterruptible power systems with SiC-MOSFET was developed. An active miller clamp circuit with dumping resistance was applied to the gate drive circuits to reduce gate voltage fluctuation caused by common source inductance in fast-switching operation. As a result, a 200 V / 20 kVA UPS achieves high efficiency of 93.7%.
Cue Integration by Similarity Rank List Coding - Application to Invariant Object Recognition (2017)

Similarity rank lists provide a method for learning generalization of classifiers from examples. Here, we apply it to invariant object recognition and demonstrate that it performs better than other approaches on view and illumination invariant recognition. Recognition from a single view reaches 87% success rate. To study its real world capabilities we introduce subsqare rank matching that works on image patches and RUBJECTS100, a database of 100 objects under varying pose and illumination, and a set of natural scenes containing these objects.
Pharmacogenomics of vincristine‐induced neurotoxicity in pediatric cancer patients (2013)

The use of the anticancer agent vincristine is limited by debilitating neurotoxicity (VIN), for which a genetic basis has been suggested. Here, we investigated variation in 315 genes involved in drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion (ADME) and toxicity in the context of VIN in children with cancer. We genotyped 4536 ADME variants in a pilot cohort of 140 children with Wilms tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma. To replicate findings, known variants in CYP3A5 and ABCB1 as well as variants with evidence for association (p&lt;0.01) in the pilot cohort were analyzed in 422 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). No association of variants in CYP3A5 or ABCB1 with VIN was observed. Of the candidates identified in the pilot cohort, the association of a variant in ABCA4 with VIN was replicated in patients with ALL (combined cohort OR: 1.7; P = 2.9×10 −4 ). This study was the first to broadly screen genetic variation in the context of VIN in pediatric cancer patients and serves as a starting point for further study of the genetic basis of VIN, providing novel hypotheses for mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to VIN and the possibility for predictive genetic testing to identify patients at risk. Funded by CIHR/CFI