gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of malignant lymphomas in intravenous drug-abuser, HIV-infected patients. (1990)

To study the pathogenesis of malignant lymphomas (ML) in intravenous drug-abuser HIV-infected patients, we analyzed 19 cases of reactive lymphadenopathy (LAS) and 10 cases of ML. Clonality and differences in characteristics of these lymphoproliferative disorders were investigated by immunohistochemical and Ig and TCR gene rearrangement analyses. Rearrangements at the c-myc locus and presence of HIV and EBV viral genomes were also investigated. Four out of the five non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) analyzed were high-grade extranodal ML and were found to derive from precursor B cells. Monoclonal cell expansions were also detected in 2 cases of LAS. These cell expansions also consisted of precursor B cells. HIV genome was not detected in any of the samples tested and was therefore considered not to be involved as an etiological agent in these lymphoproliferative disorders. EBV genome was present in a clonal episomal form in the five Hodgkin's disease (HD) specimens tested. This finding suggested that a clonal cell population harboring the EBV viral genome must be present in HDs, pointing to a possible etiological relationship between EBV and HD in HIV-infected patients.
Demonstration of Silicon-Photonics Hybrid Glass-Epoxy Substrate for Co-Packaged Optics (2023)

To realize a new package substrate for co-packaged optics, a silicon-photonics hybrid glass-epoxy substrate was demonstrated. In the substrate, silicon photonics dies working as optical/electrical conversion engines are embedded. Additionally, it includes optical redistribution composed of polymer waveguides and mirror-based optical coupling structures between the polymer and silicon waveguides. A demonstration sample was designed for a total bandwidth of 10 Tbps using silicon photonics dies with arrayed waveguide gratings, wavelength splitters, and polarization splitters/rotators for 16-ch wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). It was fabricated using unique key technologies, such as silicon photonics embedding, micromirror fabrication, and single-mode polymer waveguide fabrication. Its wavelength multiplexing operation and signal transmission characteristics were evaluated. As a result, the hybrid substrate was discovered to be capable of 112 Gbps pulse amplitude modulation 4 (PAM-4) transmission with a 16-ch WDM function because the transmitter dispersion and eye closure quaternary (TDECQ) values of less than 3.4 dB were obtained and 16-ch WDM spectrum were clearly visible. To the best of our knowledge, the working of such a hybrid substrate was demonstrated for the first time. This demonstration implies that the hybrid substrate is feasible, and the above-mentioned novel technologies are crucial to its development.
Dicobalt octacarbonyl catalyzed reaction of cyclic ortho esters with a hydrosilane and carbon monoxide. A novel method for homologation of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diols (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDicobalt octacarbonyl catalyzed reaction of cyclic ortho esters with a hydrosilane and carbon monoxide. A novel method for homologation of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diolsNaoto Chatani, Yasuteru Kajikawa, Hideaki Nishimura, and Shinji MuraiCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 1, 21–23Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00047a012https://doi.org/10.1021/om00047a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Plasmonic Photocatalysis through Cooperative Plasmonic--Photonic Hybridization (2019)

Plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) hold tremendous promise for catalyzing light-driven chemical reactions. The conventionally assumed detrimental absorption loss from plasmon damping can now be harvested to drive chemical transformations of the NP adsorbent, through the excitation and transfer of energetic "hot" carriers. The rate and selectivity of plasmonic photocatalysis are dependent on the characteristics of the incident light. By engineering the strength and wavelength of the light harvesting of a NP, it is possible to achieve more efficient and predictive photocatalysts. We report a plasmonic--photonic resonance hybridization strategy to substantially enhance hot electron generation at tunable, narrow-band wavelengths. By coupling the plasmon resonance of silver NPs to the guided mode resonance in a photonic crystal (PC) slab, the reaction rate of a hot-electron-driven reduction conversion is greatly accelerated. The mechanism is broadly compatible with NPs with manifold materials and shapes optimized for the targeted chemistry. The novel enhancement platform sheds light on rational design of high-performance plasmonic photocatalysts.
Dual‐mode sorption and transport of sulfur dioxide in kapton polyimide (1981)

Abstract The kinetics and equilibria of SO 2 sorption in Kapton polyimide film have been studied at temperatures from 25 to 55°C and equilibrium sorption pressures up to 0.76 atm. The data are described well by the dual‐mode model of sorption and transport in glassy polymers. The assumption of “partial immobilization” is required to correlate the transport data: the mobility of the Langmuir component of the sorbed population relative to the Henry's‐law component is close to zero at 25°C, and increases to roughly 5% of the Henry's‐law component mobility at 55°C. The heat of sorption is anomalously low, suggesting the presence of residual solvent in the film, a suggestion confirmed by annealing studies. However, the study also shows that partial removal of the residual has a relatively minor effect on the measured SO 2 sorption level and transport rates at 55°C.
Nexus: A Common Substrate for Cluster Computing (2009)

Cluster computing has become mainstream, resulting in the rapid creation and adoption of diverse cluster computing frameworks. We believe that no single framework will be optimal for all applications, and that organizations will instead want to run multiple frameworks in the same cluster. Furthermore, to ease development of new frameworks, it is critical to identify common abstractions and modularize their architectures. To achieve these goals, we propose Nexus, a low-level substrate that provides isolation and efficient resource sharing across frameworks running on the same cluster, while giving each framework maximum control over the scheduling and execution of its jobs. Nexus fosters innovation in the cloud by letting organizations run new frameworks alongside existing ones and by letting framework developers focus on specific applications rather than building one-size-fits-all frameworks.
Transmitter Predistortion for Simultaneous Improvements in Bit Rate, Sensitivity, Jitter, and Power Efficiency in 20 Gb/s CMOS-Driven VCSEL Links (2011)

The effect of applying feed-forward equalization (FFE) on the transmitter side is studied for three different full optical links. In contrast to all previous works, the FFE settings are optimized for a complete link, rather than just the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser output. The approach results in dramatic improvements in total link performance: >; 6 dB in sensitivity, 3X in timing margin, and 2X in power efficiency at 15 Gb/s, and a record 5.7 pJ/bit at 20 Gb/s.
Nanostructuring Materials for Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion (2014)

Nanostructuring provides unprecedented opportunities for altering and tuning materials properties, including the capability of modifying band gap, aligning band edges, accessing metastable phases, designing new structures, spatially and temporally reconciling charge separation and extraction processes, and engineering catalytic surfaces and structures with increased population of active sites, all of which are cross-cutting issues for energy conversion and storage. Of particular interest to research activities at the DOE-EFRC Center on Nanostructuring for Efficient Energy Conversion (CNEEC) based at Stanford University and featured in this article is advancing the fundamental building blocks for photoelectrochemical conversion of solar energy into hydrogen via the splitting of water. The paper discusses the basic concepts as well as challenges in photoelectrochemical conversion and presents selective highlights of recent progress made at CNEEC in the fundamental understanding of the role of nanostructuring on photoabsorption and catalysis toward solar-to-fuels conversion.
General Protease Assay Method Coupling Solid-Phase Substrate Extraction and Capillary Electrophoresis (1998)

Capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection was used to develop a universal, highly specific protease assay. In this method, a peptide, biotinylated at the N-terminus, is labeled with fluorescein at a lysine residue near the C-terminus. Impurities are removed from the fluorescence labeling mixture by solid-phase extraction of the substrate on immobilized streptavidin, followed by extensive washing. The purified fluorescent substrate is dissociated from the streptavidin and incubated with the protease. The peptide sequence between the biotin and fluorescent label contains the cleavage sequence of the protease of interest. After cleavage, the fluorescent product does not contain a biotin group. A second solid-phase extraction is used to remove unreacted substrate to dramatically lower the background signal. The product is detected by capillary electrophoresis, which provides powerful discrimination against products generated by nonspecific proteases. With chymotrypsin as a test protease, product was detected with as little as 10 pg/mL (4.6 x 10(-13) M) chymotrypsin, or 5 amol of enzyme in the 10-microL sample volume.
Effect of Graphene on Polypropylene/Maleic Anhydride-graft-Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate (PP/EVA-g-MA) Blend: Mechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Rheological Properties (2018)

We have studied the effect of thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG) on the properties of polypropylene/maleic anhydride-graft-ethylene–vinyl acetate (PP/EVA-g-MA) blends. In blends without TRG, EVA-g-MA was dispersed as droplets in PP. At low TRG content, the sheets located in the EVA-g-MA phase. At 5 wt %, the morphology was cocontinuous and the domain sizes of EVA-g-MA were small, while TRG sheets were randomly distributed in the blend. The electrical percolation threshold was between 3 and 5 wt %. Melt rheological analysis revealed that PP/EVA-g-MA/TRG nanocomposites exhibited a viscous behavior of up to 3 wt % but showed a solidlike behavior at 5 wt %. The addition of TRG into PP/EVA-g-MA blend up to 3 wt % enhanced the tensile strength and modulus of PP/EVA-g-MA blend, while not adversely affecting its impact strength. PP/EVA-g-MA/TRG nanocomposites exhibited higher electrical and thermal conductivities compared to PP or PP/EVA-g-MA blends.
Positron-Emission Tomography Reporter Gene Expression Imaging in Rat Myocardium (2003)

HSV1-sr39tk reporter gene expression can be monitored with [18F]-FHBG and microPET in rat myocardium quantitatively and serially with high detection sensitivity. Cardiac PET reporter gene imaging offers the potential of monitoring the expression of therapeutic genes in cardiac gene therapy.
Determination of total mercury in whole-body fish and fish muscle plugs collected from the South Fork of the Humboldt River, Nevada, September 2005 (2007)

This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, done in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, to determine mercury concentrations in whole-body fish and fish muscle plugs from the South Fork of the Humboldt River near Elko in the Te-Moak Indian Reservation. A single muscle plug was collected from beneath the dorsal fin area in each of the three whole-body fish samples. After homogenization and lyophilization of the muscle plugs and whole-body fish samples, mercury concentrations were determined with a direct mercury analyzer utilizing the process of thermal combustion-gold amalgamation atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mercury concentrations in whole-body fish ranged from 0.048 to 0.061 microgram per gram wet weight, and 0.061 to 0.082 microgram per gram wet weight in muscle plugs. All sample mercury concentrations were well below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's fish consumption advisory of 0.30 microgram per gram wet weight.
ORTHOSTATIC AND POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION (1991)

1. The role of the sympathetic nervous system in orthostatic and postprandial blood pressure reduction in patients with essential hypertension was studied in 13 hypertensive patients and 10 age-matched normotensive subjects. 2. The blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, and plasma norepinephrine (NE) were measured: (i) every minute for 20 min in the upright position after overnight recumbency (ii) every 30 min after food intake for 3 h in the supine position. 3. Orthostatic BP reduction (greater than 13 mmHg in mean BP) was observed in eight hypertensive patients with a maximum after 4 min. Seven of these patients showed postprandial hypotension (greater than 13 mmHg) with a maximum 90 min after eating, while none of the normotensives exhibited such BP reductions. Before and during the tests the plasma NE levels were higher in hypertensive patients than in the normotensives. The plasma NE level was increased from 370 +/- 80 to 790 +/- 110 pg/mL 4 min after standing (P less than 0.01) in hypertensive patients and from 220 +/- 40 to 530 +/- 90 pg/mL (P less than 0.01) in normotensive subjects. The plasma NE level was decreased 90 min after food intake from 390 +/- 90 to 260 +/- 80 pg/mL in hypertensives. Changes in plasma NE correlated with those in mean BP after standing for 4 min (r = 0.379, P less than 0.05) and also with those 90 min after food intake (r = 0.457, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Supplementary Table 1 from Personalized <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Cancer Models to Guide Precision Medicine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Genomic analysis of 15 patients.&lt;/p&gt;
Antiproliferative and Differentiating Activities of a Novel Series of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (2010)

Histone deacetylases are promising molecular targets for the development of antitumor agents. A novel series of histone deacetylase inhibitors of the hydroxamic acid type were synthesized for structure-activity studies. Thirteen tricyclic dibenzo-diazepine, -oxazepine, and -thiazepine analogues were studied and shown to induce variable degrees of histone H3/H4 and tubulin acetylation in a cellular model of myeloid leukemia sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Multiparametric correlations between acetylation of the three substrates, tumor cell growth inhibition, and ATRA-dependent cytodifferentiation were performed, providing information on the chemical functionalities governing these activities. For two analogues, antitumor activity in the animal was demonstrated.
Sensitivity to Oxygen of Nitrogenase Activity in Rhizobium Strain ANU289 of the Non-legume Parasponia (Ulmaceae) (1984)

Nitrogenase activity can be detected in Rhizobium strain ANU289 of Parasponia in shaken liquid cultures. A combination of consistently low oxygen tension and appropriate cell density was found to be essential for rapid initiation and high specific rates (in the range of 50-60 nmoles of ethylene per milligram protein per hour). In the presence of succinate as carbon source and an oxygen concentration of 0·25% (v/v) in the gas phase, nitrogenase activity developed after incubation for 24 h. The requirement for an oxygen concentration in the range of O· 1 to 0·35% for derepression indicated a lack of any inherent tolerance to higher oxygen levels and thus suggests that plant-derived mechanisms are responsible for protection by oxygen in the nodule.
Biomarkers and the Potential Role in Clinical Trials of Acute Kidney Injury: Consensus Report of Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative XIX (2019)

Biomarkers play important roles in clinical practices including diagnosis and treatment selection. With regard to acute kidney injury (AKI), the use of biomarkers to guide clinical trials is very promising. The committee of the 19th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) conference met in April 2017 and discussed the integration of biomarkers within clinical trials of acute kidney injury. Consensus had been reached for the significant benefits of integration of biomarkers in clinical trials as well as some potential limitations. Authors concluded the potential role of biomarkers from risk stratification to identification of AKI as well as to monitor therapeutic effects. The group also concluded that biomarkers included within clinical trails could provide both sensitivity and specificity to facilitate trial design. Then the group discussed the role of biomarkers within the PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) framework, including the use of biomarkers in patient selection, intervention guidance, comparator and end-point decision. Finally, the committee concluded both the benefits and potential drawbacks of implementing biomarkers in clinical trials of acute kidney injury.
Topographic enhancement mapping of the cancer-associated breast stroma using breast MRI (2011)

In animal and laboratory models, cancer-associated stroma, or elements of the supporting tissue surrounding a primary tumor, has been shown to be necessary for tumor evolution and progression. However, little is understood or studied regarding the properties of intact stroma in human cancer in vivo. In addition, for breast cancer patients, the optimal volume of local tissue to treat surrounding a primary tumor is not clear. Here, we performed an interdisciplinary study of normal-appearing breast tissue using breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), correlative histology and array comparative genomic hybridization to identify a cancer-associated stroma in humans. Using a novel technique for segmenting breast fibroglandular tissue, quantifiable topographic percent enhancement mapping of the stroma surrounding invasive breast cancer was found to be significantly elevated within 2 cm of the tumor edge. This region was also found to harbor increased microvessel density, and genomic changes that were closely associated with host normal breast tissue. These findings indicate that a cancer-associated stroma may be identified and characterized in human breast cancer using non-invasive imaging techniques. Identification of a cancer-associated stroma may be further developed to help guide local therapy to reduce recurrence and morbidity in breast cancer patients.
Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Using MIM Pt/CuO/Pt (2018)

Low cost, high sensitivity and stability are the key features that steer the research and development of glucose sensing. In this paper we report on a low cost metal-insulator- metal (MIM) based sensor that responds to different glucose concentrations. The unique planar Pt/CuO/Pt structure provides large electrochemically active surface area which aids glucose oxidation. The device shows sensitivity to different glucose concentrations, that span low to high blood glucose levels for typical concentrations found in human blood. The fabricated sensor exhibits the ability to detect the glucose concentration at neutral pH (i.e. pH = 7). This eliminates the dilution step needed for most of the existing nonenzymatic glucose sensors to achieve alkaline medium that is essential to perform redox reactions in the absence of glucose oxidase. Unlike the available devices, the fabricated MIM structure involves two metal electrodes in the interaction to improve the sensitivity of the device. This contribution provides new insights into design and fabrication of low cost biomedical sensors.
Development of a two-wavelength OPO generating 270-mJ infrared pulses for medical applications (2004)

An optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a pulsed LD-pumped Nd:YAG laser that simultaneously emits two infrared radiation in 1.7 and 3 /spl mu/m regions is developed. In order to efficiently perform on the wavelength mixing, a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) in the OPO resonator is employed. The total output energy obtained was 270 mJ consisting of 120 mJ in the 3 /spl mu/m region and 150 mJ in the 1.7 /spl mu/m region at a repetition rate of 40 Hz and a pulse duration of 500 /spl mu/s.
The Tonsils and Nasopharyngeal Epidemics (1930)

In a paper on nasopharyngeal
Nanoscale density variations in sputtered amorphous TaOx functional layers in resistive switching devices (2020)

The density variations in reactively sputtered amorphous TaOx thin films deposited on planar and patterned substrates have been quantified by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The experiments have been performed both in plan-view and cross-sectional geometries. The planar films exhibit a cellular structure consisting of high-density cells with low-density boundaries. Laterally, cell sizes varied from 5 to 20 nm as the deposition temperature was changed from 298 K to 573 K. The corresponding density ratio of the cell boundary over the cell interior varied between 0.98 and 0.93 corresponding to 2%–7% free volume in the functional layer. The film microstructure is consistent with the self-shadowing effect of surface roughness. Similar low-density areas were found at the locations of steps of the patterned substrates with a local density decrease of up to 9%. The influence of the low-density region in the resistive random-access memory device is discussed.
Dominant Expression of Rat Prostanoid DP Receptor mRNA in Leptomeninges, Inner Segments of Photoreceptor Cells, Iris Epithelium, and Ciliary Processes (1998)

Prostaglandin (PG) D2 is one of the major prostanoids in the mammalian brain and eye tissues. Its function is mediated by the prostanoid DP receptor, which is specific for PGD2 among the various prostanoids. In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA for the rat DP receptor and used it for detection of DP receptor mRNA in various rat tissues. Northern blotting and RT-PCR analyses revealed that this DP receptor was expressed most intensely in the eye tissues, moderately in the leptomeninges and oviduct, and weakly in the epididymis. The tissue distribution profile of the mRNA for the rat DP receptor is overlapped with those of hematopoietic and lipocalin-type PGD synthases. Among rat eye tissues, the expression was the highest in the iris. In situ hybridization and in situ RT-PCR revealed DP receptor mRNA to be localized in the epithelium of the iris and ciliary body and in photoreceptor cells of the retina, suggesting the involvement of the receptor in the physiological regulation of intraocular pressure and the vision process. In the brain, DP receptor mRNA was dominantly expressed in the leptomeninges and was not detected in the brain parenchyma including the ventral rostral forebrain, the surface area of which is reportedly involved in sleep induction by PGD2.