gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New solutions and technologies for uncooled infrared imaging (2013)

The military uncooled infrared market is driven by the continued cost reduction of the focal plane arrays whilst maintaining high standards of sensitivity and steering towards smaller pixel sizes. As a consequence, new optical solutions are called for. Two approaches can come into play: the bottom up option consists in allocating improvements to each contributor and the top down process rather relies on an overall optimization of the complete image channel. The University of Rennes I with Thales Angénieux alongside has been working over the past decade through French MOD funding’s, on low cost alternatives of infrared materials based upon chalcogenide glasses. A special care has been laid on the enhancement of their mechanical properties and their ability to be moulded according to complex shapes. New manufacturing means developments capable of better yields for the raw materials will be addressed, too. Beyond the mere lenses budget cuts, a wave front coding process can ease a global optimization. This technic gives a way of relaxing optical constraints or upgrading thermal device performances through an increase of the focus depths and desensitization against temperature drifts: it combines image processing and the use of smart optical components. Thales achievements in such topics will be enlightened and the trade-off between image quality correction levels and low consumption/ real time processing, as might be required in hand-free night vision devices, will be emphasized. It is worth mentioning that both approaches are deeply leaning on each other.
Yellow NIR dye: π-fused bisbenzoBODIPYs with electron-withdrawing groups (2013)

Bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused (BCOD-fused) bis(benzoborondipyrromethene)s (bisbenzoBODIPYs) bearing electron-withdrawing groups such as fluorine and cyano groups were prepared either by incorporating tetrafluoroisoindole moieties into BODIPY chromophores or by introducing cyano or ethoxycarbonyl groups at the 3,5-positions. The BCOD-fused bisbenzoBODIPYs were quantitatively converted to the corresponding benzene-fused bisbenzoBODIPYs by a retro-Diels-Alder reaction. The π-fused bisbenzoBODIPYs were found to have intense absorption in the near-infrared region and not to have any strong absorption bands in the visible region. Moreover, the bisbenzoBODIPYs were stable under atmospheric conditions.
Comparative Evaluation of 800V DC-Link Three-Phase Two/Three-Level SiC Inverter Concepts for Next-Generation Variable Speed Drives (2020)

The adoption of wide band-gap (WBG) semiconductors is gaining momentum, particularly in industries where high efficiency and/or extreme power density are major concerns, e.g. electric transportation and aerospace. In order to fully leverage the advantages of WBG devices, identifying the converter topologies best exploiting their superior performance is of utmost importance. Hence, this paper analyzes and compares 2-level and 3-level SiC-based three-phase inverters for next-generation variable speed drives. Full sine-wave filtering at the converter output is assumed to counteract the negative effects of the fast switching transitions of WBG devices on the driven machine. The stresses on the active and passive components, i.e. semiconductor losses, output inductor flux ripple and DC- link capacitor RMS current, are calculated by analytical and/or numerical means. Moreover, the optimal semiconductor chip area, the power losses and the efficiency of each converter topology are investigated as functions of the switching frequency, providing a theoretical performance limit for each solution. Finally, a multi-objective optimization targeting an 800 V 7.5 kW system is carried out. The results are in good agreement with the theoretical performance analysis and provide an overview of the achievable efficiency vs. power density trade-off for all the considered topologies.
Recovery of Low Rank and Jointly Sparse Matrices with Two Sampling Matrices (2015)

We provide a two-step approach to recover a jointly k-sparse matrix X, (at most k rows of X are nonzero), with rank r <; <; k from its under sampled measurements. Unlike the classical recovery algorithms that use the same measurement matrix for every column of X, the proposed algorithm comprises two stages, in each of which the measurement is taken by a different measurement matrix. The first stage uses a standard algorithm, [4] to recover any r columns (e.g. the first r) of X. The second uses a new set of measurements and the subspace estimate provided by these columns to recover the rest. We derive conditions on the second measurement matrix to guarantee perfect subspace aware recovery for two cases: First a worst-case setting that applies to all matrices. The second a generic case that works for almost all matrices. We demonstrate both theoretically and through simulations that when r <; <; k our approach needs far fewer measurements. It compares favorably with recent results using dense linear combinations, that do not use column-wise measurements.
Low-power optical regeneration using four-wave mixing in a silicon chip (2008)

We demonstrate all-optical signal regeneration using four-wave mixing in a silicon nanowaveguide. Extinction ratio improvement, dispersive broadening compensation and timing-jitter reduction are demonstrated at low input signal powers.
Resectable pancreatic small cell carcinoma (2011)

Primary pancreatic small cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare, with just over 30 cases reported in the literature. Only 7 of these patients underwent surgical resection with a median survival of 6 months. Prognosis of SCC is therefore considered to be poor, and the role of adjuvant therapy is uncertain. Here we report two institutions' experience with resectable pancreatic SCC. Six patients with pancreatic SCC treated at the Johns Hopkins Hospital (4 patients) and the Mayo Clinic (2 patients) were identified from prospectively collected pancreatic cancer databases and re-reviewed by pathology. All six patients underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Clinicopathologic data were analyzed, and the literature on pancreatic SCC was reviewed. Median age at diagnosis was 50 years (range 27-60). All six tumors arose in the head of the pancreas. Median tumor size was 3 cm, and all cases had positive lymph nodes except for one patient who only had five nodes sampled. There were no perioperative deaths and three patients had at least one postoperative complication. All six patients received adjuvant therapy, five of whom were given combined modality treatment with radiation, cisplatin, and etoposide. Median survival was 20 months with a range of 9-173 months. The patient who lived for 9 months received chemotherapy only, while the patient who lived for 173 months was given chemoradiation with cisplatin and etoposide and represents the longest reported survival time from pancreatic SCC to date. Pancreatic SCC is an extremely rare form of cancer with a poor prognosis. Patients in this surgical series showed favorable survival rates when compared to prior reports of both resected and unresectable SCC. Cisplatin and etoposide appears to be the preferred chemotherapy regimen, although its efficacy remains uncertain, as does the role of combined modality treatment with radiation.
Dual band adaptive focal plane array: an example of the challenge and potential of intelligent integrated microsystems (2006)

Creating intelligent integrated microsystems, devices that incorporate photonics, electronics, MEMS, and embedded intelligence, presents multiple challenges. The three device technologies have been largely developed independently and have established their own sets of design and process rules that have led to highly stable, high yield processes. In combining these technologies to achieve a desired functionality, constraints are placed on each technology to avoid adverse impacts on the others. Finding a common path towards achieving a single end objective requires process reoptimization and the development of new processes. This paper discusses the dual band adaptive focal plane array (AFPA) that is currently under development, with an emphasis on technology integration and the resulting functional benefits that can be realized. The AFPA device is a dual band IR imaging sensor that enables simultaneous collection of high-resolution MWIR imagery, with spatially independent spectrally tuned imaging in the LWIR for enhanced target detection and classification.
ChemInform Abstract: Making Polymers from Carbon Dioxide (2010)

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monoclonal antibody against the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor prevents coronary artery reocclusion after reperfusion with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in dogs. (1988)

Localized thrombosis was produced in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of open chest dogs by constricting a segment so as to produce greater than 90% stenosis (reducing blood flow to 40 +/- 10% of baseline), and placing a thrombus in the segment immediately proximal to the stenosis by inducing endothelial cell injury and instilling a mixture of blood and thrombin. Intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at a rate of 15-30 micrograms/kg per min for 30 or 60 min in eight dogs induced coronary artery reperfusion within 23 +/- 7 min (mean +/- SD), but reocclusion occurred despite heparin anticoagulation in all but one of these dogs within 7 +/- 5 min. Intravenous injection of 0.8 mg/kg of the F(ab')2 fragment of a monoclonal antibody (7E3) directed against the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor, prevented reocclusion in 10/10 dogs during an observation period of 2 h (P less than 0.001 vs. rt-PA alone). The antibody abolished ADP-induced platelet aggregation and markedly prolonged the bleeding time. Intravenous aspirin or dipyridamole prevented reocclusion for 1 h or more in only 2/7 and 1/6 dogs, respectively. We conclude that the monoclonal antibody is very effective in preventing reocclusion after successful thrombolysis of occluded coronary arteries with rt-PA.
Panton‐Valentine Leukocidin Is Not a Virulence Determinant in Murine Models of Community‐Associated Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureusDisease (2008)

Increases in the incidence and severity of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections have spawned efforts to define unique virulence properties among prevalent strains. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a pore-forming cytotoxin, has garnered attention because of its epidemiologic association with CA-MRSA. Using both the clinical isolate LAC, which is representative of the epidemic USA300 strain, and its isogenic PVL-negative strain in murine models of staphylococcal skin infection and pneumonia, we expanded upon recent studies by assessing the contribution of PVL in the genetic background of BALB/c mice. The data presented in this report support the observation that PVL does not contribute to the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infection of mice.
Poly(ethylene glycol)-Supported Bisoxazolines as Ligands for Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis (2001)

Two chiral bisoxazolines (box) supported on a modified poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have been prepared by a reaction sequence that involved formation of the properly functionalized box and their attachment to the polymer matrix by means of a spacer and a linker. The solubility properties of PEG allowed use of the supported box as ligands in some catalytic asymmetric transformations carried out under homogeneous conditions and to recover the ligands as if bound to an insoluble support. When the supported box were employed in combination with Cu(II) salts in the Diels-Alder cycloaddition between cyclopentadiene and N-acryloyloxazolidinone, low levels of enantioselectivity were observed (up to 45% ee). Much better results were obtained in the cyclopropanation of styrenes carried out in the presence of CuOTf (up to 93% ee) and in the ene-reaction between alpha-methylstyrene or methylenecyclohexane and ethylglyoxalate (up to 95% ee). One of the ligands, readily recovered by precipitation and filtration, was recycled two times in the ene-reaction with marginal loss in the catalytic activity and very limited erosion of the enantioselectivity.
Treatment Strategies to Optimize Clinical Benefit in the Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2008)

In recent years we have witnessed a transformation in care for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) following approval by the US Food and Drug Administration of the first agents for treatment of the disease. Emerging evidence indicates that active treatment strategies modify the natural history of the underlying disease and hence lower the potential for leukemic transformation while prolonging survival. The methyltransferase inhibitor (MTI) azacitidine, in particular, has shown the capacity to extend survival in higher-risk disease in a post-approval phase III trial while demonstrating an improved risk/benefit profile in a new dosing schedule. By utilizing an MTI as a bridge to transplantation, allogeneic stem cell transplantation can now be postponed for appropriate candidates until a suitable donor is identified. Results of iron chelation studies indicate that the improved compliance of an oral iron chelator yields greater iron storage reduction with sustained suppression of the labile plasma form. The current active treatment paradigm for MDS incorporates the most recent strategies yielding improved disease outcomes and patient survival.
Quartz Films: Water‐Induced Phase Separation Forming Macrostructured Epitaxial Quartz Films on Silicon (Adv. Funct. Mater. 35/2014) (2014)

The combination of sol-gel chemistry and epitaxial growth provides direct access to the integration of piezoelectric macroporous quartz, epitaxially grown on (100)-silicon substrates. A. Carretero-Genevrier and co-workers demonstrate on page 5494 that the interplay between temperature, humidity, catalyst content, and epitaxial growth plays a key role for the bottom-up fabrication of macroporous quartz on silicon substrates.
Presynaptic vesicular accumulation is required for antipsychotic efficacy in psychotic-like rats (2020)

These findings suggest the presynaptic accumulation of HAL may serve as an essential prerequisite for its full antipsychotic action and may explain the time course of APD action. Targeting accumulation properties of APDs may, thus, become a new strategy to improve APD action.
Flash thermography contrast model based on IR camera noise characteristics (2007)

Flash thermography data is typically interpreted as either a sequence of images, or a collection of pixel time histories acquired after flash heating of the surface. Modelling of the process typically requires a detailed understanding of the thermophysical properties of the sample, as well as the amount of energy used to excite the sample. Often, this information is not available to the NDT practitioner. Furthermore, since flash thermography is often performed with infrared cameras that do not provide absolute temperature data, it may be difficult to correlate modelling predictions to the output of the camera. We have developed a simple model that takes into account the noise characteristics of the camera, and uses that as a basis for predicting camera response. Input energy is expressed as a multiple of noise, and can be measured from the data without the use of additional instrumentation. The method also predicts minimum detectable flaw diameters as a function of depth, noise and input energy, and provides a basis for the widely used “rule of thumb” used in thermography.
2-O-Benzhydryl-3,4-(S)-O-benzylidene-D-lyxono-1,4-lactone (2008)

X-ray crystallography unequivocally showed that protection of the free hydroxyl group of 3,5-O-benzyl-idene-d-lyxono-1,4-lactone with diphenyl-diazo-methane proceeded with retention of configuration to give the title compound, C(25)H(22)O(5). The crystal structure consists of layers of inter-locked mol-ecules lying parallel to the a axis.
InverseCSG (2018)

While computer-aided design is a major part of many modern manufacturing pipelines, the design files typically generated describe raw geometry. Lost in this representation is the procedure by which these designs were generated. In this paper, we present a method for reverse-engineering the process by which 3D models may have been generated, in the language of constructive solid geometry (CSG). Observing that CSG is a formal grammar, we formulate this inverse CSG problem as a program synthesis problem. Our solution is an algorithm that couples geometric processing with state-of-the-art program synthesis techniques. In this scheme, geometric processing is used to convert the mixed discrete and continuous domain of CSG trees to a pure discrete domain where modern program synthesizers excel. We demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of our algorithm on several different examples, including those with over 100 primitive parts. We show that our algorithm is able to find simple programs which are close to the ground truth, and demonstrate our method's applicability in mesh re-editing. Finally, we compare our method to prior state-of-the-art. We demonstrate that our algorithm dominates previous methods in terms of resulting CSG compactness and runtime, and can handle far more complex input meshes than any previous method.
Phase I/II study of PexaVec in combination with immune checkpoint inhibition in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (2023)

NCT03206073.
Leveraging efficient planning and lightweight agent definition: a novel path towards emergent narrative (2020)

Emergent narrative has the ability to unlock the true potential of interactive media, moving beyond pre-scripted, fixed story- lines. Existing implementations of emergent narrative achieve their results through complex rule systems and agent representations, which entail high authoring workload that limit the feasible scope of storyworlds. In this paper, we propose an approach that instead aims at leveraging efficient planning to achieve similar results, using Monte Carlo Tree Search and efficient data structures. This allows for abstraction and modularization of agent behavior, and endows agents with a theory of mind by letting them plan for each other. This greatly simplifies agent definition and removes the need to explicitly encode intentions. We show that competitive, collaborative and sustainable behaviors emerge in our system, without the explicit definition of such behaviors. Based on these preliminary results, we discuss necessary steps to turn our approach into an applicable emergent narrative system.
Interference study for cognitive LTE-femtocell in TV white spaces (2011)

As one of the future indoor coverage solutions, this paper considers the cognitive Femtocell for LTE system [1], which can opportunistically access the TV white spaces. The paper selects a typical residential building for study case and uses the ray tracing method to obtain the channel profile in european TV bands. Through computer simulation, we demonstrate that cognitive LTE-Femtocell can potentially provide excellent indoor coverage. Additionally, the power leakage of every Femto-equipped building is obtained by simulation and the system performance predictions are given based on the assumptions of the Femtocell interference as shot-noise process. Two interference-avoiding antenna schemes are proposed and compared in this paper. The simulation results have shown that both schemes are very effective in managing the Femto interference, thus giving a reference for the future deployment of cognitive Femto in TV bands.
Order-sensitive plasticity in adult primary auditory cortex (2002)

The neural response to a stimulus presented as part of a rapid sequence is often quite different from the response to the same stimulus presented in isolation. In primary auditory cortex (A1), although the most common effect of preceding stimuli is inhibitory, most neurons can also exhibit response facilitation if the appropriate spectral and temporal separation of sequence elements is presented. In this study, we investigated whether A1 neurons in adult animals can develop context-dependent facilitation to a novel acoustic sequence. After repeatedly pairing electrical stimulation of the basal forebrain with a three-element sequence (high frequency tone--low frequency tone-- noise burst), 25% of A1 neurons exhibited facilitation to the low tone when preceded by the high tone, compared with only 5% in controls. In contrast, there was no increase in the percent of sites that showed facilitation for the reversed tone order (low preceding high). Nearly 60% of sites exhibited a facilitated response to the noise burst when preceded by the two tones. Although facilitation was greatest in response to the paired sequence, facilitation also generalized to related sequences that were either temporally distorted or missing one of the tones. Pairing basal forebrain stimulation with the acoustic sequence also caused a decrease in the time to peak response and an increase in population discharge synchrony, which was not seen after pairing simple tones, tone trains, or broadband stimuli. These results indicate that context-dependent facilitation and response synchronization can be substantially altered in an experience-dependent fashion and provide a potential mechanism for learning spectrotemporal patterns.
Near-Degenerate Quadrature-Squeezed Vacuum Generation on a Silicon-Nitride Chip (2020)

Squeezed states are a primary resource for continuous-variable (CV) quantum information processing. To implement CV protocols in a scalable and robust way, it is desirable to generate and manipulate squeezed states using an integrated photonics platform. In this Letter, we demonstrate the generation of quadrature-phase squeezed states in the radio-frequency carrier sideband using a small-footprint silicon-nitride microresonator with a dual-pumped four-wave-mixing process. We record a squeezed noise level of 1.34 dB (±0.16 dB) below the photocurrent shot noise, which corresponds to 3.09 dB (±0.49 dB) of quadrature squeezing on chip. We also show that it is critical to account for the nonlinear behavior of the pump fields to properly predict the squeezing that can be generated in this system. This technology represents a significant step toward creating and manipulating large-scale CV cluster states that can be used for quantum information applications, including universal quantum computing.
Somatostatin receptor subtypes mediate contractility on human colonic smooth muscle cells (2006)

This study demonstrates the expression of functional somatostatin receptor (sstr) subtypes in human circular and longitudinal colonic smooth muscle cells (SMC). Native somatostatin (SS) and sstr subtype-specific analogues were used to characterize the sstr subtypes present in both cell types by contraction/relaxation studies. Qualitative and quantitative mRNA analysis and immunohistochemistry of sstr subtypes were also carried out. sstr subtype 2 mRNA was expressed in circular SMC, and various levels of subtypes 1, 2 and 3 mRNA were expressed in longitudinal colonic SMC. Native SS and each subtype-specific analogue exerted a modest, but significant, contraction, although inhibition of carbachol-induced contraction (relaxation) was the main effect on SMC from both layers. CH-288, a sstr subtype 1-specific analogue, and octreotide, a sstr subtype 2-specific analogue, were the most effective relaxant analogues on longitudinal and circular SMC, respectively. sstr subtypes display a distinct expression pattern on human colonic SMC; on circular SMC, subtype 2 is the only sstr, whereas sstr subtypes 1, 2 and 3 are expressed on human SMC isolated from the longitudinal layer. The contractile effects of SS are mediated through sstr subtype 2 and sstr subtype 1 on circular and longitudinal human colonic SMC, respectively.