gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pilot study evaluating the safety and CD34+ cell mobilizing activity of escalating doses of plerixafor in healthy volunteers (2011)

This study evaluated the safety and CD34+ cell mobilizing activity of escalating doses of plerixafor in healthy volunteers. Three cohorts of six subjects received two different doses of plerixafor separated by at least 2 weeks to allow for adequate pharmacodynamic wash-out. The following dosing cohorts were evaluated: 0·24 and 0·32 mg/kg (Cohort 1); 0·32 and 0·40 mg/kg (Cohort 2); and 0·40 and 0·48 mg/kg (Cohort 3). Circulating CD34+ cells were measured 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18 and 24 h after each dose. Blood colony-forming units were measured at baseline and 6 h after each dose. Common adverse events were diarrhoea, injection site erythema, perioral numbness, sinus tachycardia, headache, nausea, abdominal distention and injection site pain. No dose limiting toxicities occurred. When higher doses of plerixafor were administered, there was a trend towards higher peak CD34+ counts and CD34+ area under the curves, although these differences did not achieve statistical significance, perhaps due to intra-subject variability. Together, these data show that the higher doses of plerixafor evaluated in this study are reasonably safe and suggest that a larger study should be performed to definitively answer whether increased numbers of CD34+ cell are mobilized with higher doses of plerixafor.
A fragment-based approach applied to a highly flexible target: Insights and challenges towards the inhibition of HSP70 isoforms (2016)

The heat shock protein 70s (HSP70s) are molecular chaperones implicated in many cancers and of significant interest as targets for novel cancer therapies. Several HSP70 inhibitors have been reported, but because the majority have poor physicochemical properties and for many the exact mode of action is poorly understood, more detailed mechanistic and structural insight into ligand-binding to HSP70s is urgently needed. Here we describe the first comprehensive fragment-based inhibitor exploration of an HSP70 enzyme, which yielded an amino-quinazoline fragment that was elaborated to a novel ATP binding site ligand with different physicochemical properties to known adenosine-based HSP70 inhibitors. Crystal structures of amino-quinazoline ligands bound to the different conformational states of the HSP70 nucleotide binding domain highlighted the challenges of a fragment-based approach when applied to this particular flexible enzyme class with an ATP-binding site that changes shape and size during its catalytic cycle. In these studies we showed that Ser275 is a key residue in the selective binding of ATP. Additionally, the structural data revealed a potential functional role for the ATP ribose moiety in priming the protein for the formation of the ATP-bound pre-hydrolysis complex by influencing the conformation of one of the phosphate binding loops.
Control and Admittance Modeling of an AC/AC Modular Multilevel Converter for Railway Supplies (2019)

Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) can be configured to perform ac/ac conversion, which makes them suitable as railway power supplies. In this paper, a hierarchical control scheme for ac/ac MMCs for railway power supplies is devised and evaluated, considering the requirements and the operating conditions specific to this application. Furthermore, admittance models of the ac/ac MMC are developed, showing how the suggested hierarchical control scheme affects the three-phase and the single-phase side admittances of the converter. These models allow for analyzing the stability of the interconnected system using the impedance-based stability criterion and the passivity-based stability assessment. Finally, the findings presented in this paper are validated experimentally, using a down-scaled MMC.
Water Resistant, Catalytically Active Nb and Ta Isolated Lewis Acid Sites, Homogeneously Distributed by Direct Synthesis in a Beta Zeolite (2009)

Nb and Ta solid Lewis acids able to work in the presence of water have been prepared by incorporating these elements in the framework of zeolite Beta by a direct synthesis procedure. Characterization of the samples by extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray absorption near edge structure indicate that the calcined samples contain tetracoordinated Nb5+ (or Ta5+) with three siloxane bridges and one Nb═O (or Ta═O) bonds. The presence of Lewis acidity has been characterized by IR of adsorbed pyridine and cyclohexanone. The Nb- and Ta-Beta samples are catalytically active for the Meerwein−Ponndorf−Verley reduction of cyclohexanone with 2-butanol and the etherification of 2-butanol with p-methoxybenzalcohol. Both reactions can be successfully combined in a domino reaction to obtain the ether starting with p-methoxybenzaldehyde. The catalytic activity of Nb- and Ta-Beta has been compared with that of the homogeneous counterparts (NbCl5 and TaCl5) reported in the literature for the intramolecular carbonyl-ene reaction of citronellal to isopulegol, being the turnover number (TON) and the diastereoselectivity of the solids much higher than those of the homogeneous catalysts.
Optimal Inventory Positioning Method By Coupling Point for Assembly Production Control System (2000)

In the assembly production control system, inventories are concentrated at the position where supply lead-time and demand lead-time are equal, and inventory and production planning are made at this position. We define this position “Coupling Point”. The Coupling Point is established by demand and supply lead-time changed. Inventory and production planning are made at this new Coupling Point. We evaluate necessary inventories with lot-size reorder system, interval reorder system and multi-stage lot-size reorder system. We also evaluate this method under the demand lead-time variability by simulation. It makes clear that proposed method can decrease the necessary inventories on the demand side of the Coupling Point. This new method has been applied to an electronic device manufacturing process successfully.
Surrogate model-assisted analysis of the performance of quasiconformal Transformation Optics-enabled flattened gradient-index lenses (2016)

Gradient-index (GRIN) optics has seen a surge of interest due to the advent of Transformation Optics (TO) which has enabled a new generation of GRIN devices. Moreover, these devices often have better performance than what has been achieved with more traditional GRIN design techniques. In order to better understand the origins of this performance improvement, such TO-derived solutions are decomposed into a 2D-polynomial basis to analyze their behavior and to determine which terms improve optical performance: a study that involves thousands of iterations of numerical TO and ray tracing. By training a surrogate model to approximate the TO calculation, the procedure can be greatly accelerated, dramatically reducing the time of this study from weeks to hours.
Effects of Surface-Deposited Nanocrystalline Chromite Thin Films on the Performance of a Ferritic Interconnect Alloy (2007)

-based nanocrystalline thin films, substituted with Sr and Zn and coated onto a Cr Ebrite alloy were evaluated at 750–900°C as potential enhancers of oxide properties in ferritic alloy interconnects of a solid oxide fuel cell. It was found that at 750°C the coatings provided lower oxidation rates, increased electrical conductivity, protection during cycling and at least of isothermal oxidation, and a fine-grained and uniform oxide microstructure. Although after oxidation at 850°C the grains grew substantially and the scale seemed to be overgrowing the film, conductivity and oxidation rates still matched that of the uncoated sample. Tensile tests showed that the coating improved scale adhesion after a oxidation at 850°C. At 900°C, the film was still capable of blocking 70% of the Cr that evaporated from an uncoated Ebrite substrate.
StyleCam (2002)

This paper describes StyleCam, an approach for authoring 3D viewing experiences that incorporate stylistic elements that are not available in typical 3D viewers. A key aspect of StyleCam is that it allows the author to significantly tailor what the user sees and when they see it. The resulting viewing experience can approach the visual richness and pacing of highly authored visual content such as television commercials or feature films. At the same time, StyleCam allows for a satisfying level of interactivity while avoiding the problems inherent in using unconstrained camera models. The main components of StyleCam are camera surfaces which spatially constrain the viewing camera; animation clips that allow for visually appealing transitions between different camera surfaces; and a simple, unified, interaction technique that permits the user to seamlessly and continuously move between spatial-control of the camera and temporal-control of the animated transitions. Further, the user's focus of attention is always kept on the content, and not on extraneous interface widgets. In addition to describing the conceptual model of StyleCam, its current implementation, and an example authored experience, we also present the results of an evaluation involving real users.
Enhanced Fluorescence Microscopic Imaging by Plasmonic Nanostructures: From a 1D Grating to a 2D Nanohole Array (2010)

Abstract A two‐dimensional (2D) plasmonic coupling nanostructure for enhanced fluorescence observation using a microscope is presented. The substrate contained periodically assembled nanohole arrays with a pitch of 400 nm and a depth of 25 nm. In comparison with one‐dimensional (1D) gratings, this new substrate presented an excellent surface plasmon coupling ability to illuminate light from all directions. Under an optical microscope, an enhancement in the fluorescence intensity of up to 100 times compared with a plain glass slide was observed. The ability to markedly increase the fluorescence intensity means this technique has great potential for application in biodiagnostics, imaging, sensing, and photovoltaic cells.
Invariant pattern recognition of 2D images using neural networks and frequency-domain representation (2002)

Frequency domain representation of two dimensional gray-level images is used to develop a pattern recognition method that is invariant to rotation, translation and scaling. Frequency domain representation is a natural feature detector that allows the use of only few directions of highest energy as training data for a set of artificial neural networks (ANNs). We developed a new algorithm that uses the spectral information stored in these ANNs to compare a given image with a known pattern, determining the relative translation between them and yielding a measure of their similarity. The representation and method we adopted has the advantage of leaving only the rotation of the object as a free parameter to be determined by the algorithm. We minimize the spectral resolution noise using spectral directional filtering. Our experimental results indicate that the proposed method has excellent discriminating power.
Extended Riemann Zeta Functions (2001)

Analogous to recent useful generalizations of the family of gamma functions and beta functions, extensions of the Riemann zeta function are presented, for which the usual properties and representations are naturally and simply extended. In analogy to these extensions, the extended Hurwitz functions are introduced. Hurwitz-type formulae are also proved.
Inhibition of IKKα by BAY61-3606 Reveals IKKα-Dependent Histone H3 Phosphorylation in Human Cytomegalovirus Infected Cells (2016)

Protein kinase inhibitors can be used as tools to identify proteins and pathways required for virus replication. Using virus replication assays and western blotting we found that the widely used protein kinase inhibitor BAY61-3606 inhibits replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strain AD169 and the accumulation of HCMV immediate-early proteins in AD169 infected cells, but has no effect on replication of HCMV strain Merlin. Using in vitro kinase assays we found that BAY61-3606 is a potent inhibitor of the cellular kinase IKKα. Infection of cells treated with siRNA targeting IKKα indicated IKKα was required for efficient AD169 replication and immediate-early protein production. We hypothesized that IKKα was required for AD169 immediate-early protein production as part of the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. However, although BAY61-3606 inhibited phosphorylation of the IKKα substrate IκBα, we found no canonical or non-canonical NF-κB signaling in AD169 infected cells. Rather, we observed that treatment of cells with BAY61-3606 or siRNA targeting IKKα decreased phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 (H3S10p) in western blotting assays. Furthermore, we found treatment of cells with BAY61-3606, but not siRNA targeting IKKα, inhibited the accumulation of histone H3 acetylation (H3K9ac, H3K18ac and H3K27ac) and tri-methylation (H3K27me3 and H3K36me3) modifications. Therefore, the requirement for IKKα in HCMV replication was strain-dependent and during replication of an HCMV strain requiring IKKα, IKKα-dependent H3S10 phosphorylation was associated with efficient HCMV replication and immediate-early protein production. Plus, inhibition of HCMV replication by BAY61-3606 is associated with acetylation and tri-methylation modifications of histone H3 that do not involve IKKα.
Laser interactions and related plasma phenomena (Report on the Eighth International Workshop on Laser Interaction, Monterey, CA, 26-30 October 1986) (1988)

The International Workshop on Laser Interactions and Related Plasma Phenomena is the oldest continuing series of meetings in the United States with published proceedings documenting much of the growth of this dynamic field. The meeting format is designed to provide an interactive atmosphere that encourages first disclosures along with in-depth critical reviews. The Eighth International Workshop was held at the Naval Postgraduate School at Monterey, California, 26-30 October 1986, under the continuing directorship of H. Hora (University of New South Wales) and G.H. Miley (University of Illinois). The local organizer was F. Schwirzke (Naval Postgraduate School).
Zukünftige Fahrerinformationssysteme im Kraftfahrzeug – Der Beitrag des Human Machine Interfaces (HMI) zur informatorischen Fahrerassistenz (2004)

Im Hinblick auf die Erhhung der Verkehrssicherheit gewinnen aktive und passive Fahrerassistenzsysteme im Kraftfahrzeug in Zukunft stetig an Bedeutung.Die Notwendigkeit fr Fahrerassistenzfunktionen entsteht insbesondere aus den gewachsenen Anforderungen an den Fahrzeugfhrer.Beispiele hierfr sind unter anderem eine hohe Verkehrsdichte,
Fault localization in medium voltage networks with compensated and isolated star-point grounding (2010)

This paper presents the experimental investigation of a fault localization algorithm in a network with compensated or isolated star-point grounding. The paper first discusses the theoretical background of the method and then the conclusions drawn from the discussion were tested using a complex network structure (NETOMAC®) with the support of models developed in MATLAB®. Finally, the complete method is proposed and its usability confirmed.
Laser Raman Spectroscopic Analyses of Dissolved Gases (2007)

Laser Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique which is capable of in situ molecular identification of solids, liquids and gases, and is well suited to extreme environments. It is a type of vibrational spectroscopy which is non-invasive and does not require reagents or consumables. A laser excites a target, and the spectrum of the energy-shifted, back-scattered radiation serves as a "fingerprint" - providing compositional and structural information. Raman scattering is a weak effect - only 1 in 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> photons is Raman scattered - but it benefits in the deep ocean from the lack of ambient light. The development of a sea-going Raman system capable of deployment on an ocean observatory will allow in situ analyses of dissolved gases in vent fluids at hydrothermal vent and other seafloor seep sites. Gases of interest at hydrothermal and cold seep sites include carbon dioxide (CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), methane (CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) and higher hydrocarbons, and hydrogen sulfide (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S). These gases are all Raman active and have distinct Raman signatures. For example, CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> is characterized by a Fermi diad at ~1285 & ~1388 Deltacm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . However, the aqueous band positions are broadened and shifted from the gas-phase band positions. In addition to identifying gases by band positions, concentrations of dissolved gases can be inferred by the relative height of their Raman bands. Extracting this type of quantitative information from Raman spectra requires the use of a ratio technique as described by Wopenka and Pasteris [1987]. In this work the gas bands are compared to the water stretching band (~3435 Deltacm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ). Although the position and intensity of some of the water bands are affected by temperature, the 3435 band height is relatively stable.
Fabrication of Aspheric Micro-Lens Mold with High Aspect Ratio -Method to Form Small 3D Structures with an Arbitrary Aspheric Surface and High Aspect Ratio- (2009)

The optical pickup of our Small-Form-Factor Optical Disc Drives (SFFODDs) requires a micro-objective whose profile is composed of two aspheric surfaces. However, it is difficult to fabricate a micro-objective with an arbitrary aspheric surface and high aspect ratio using conventional techniques. We propose here a new method to fabricate an aspheric micro-lens mold with high aspect ratio. This method uses the micro-loading effect in Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) and isotropic Reactive Ion Etching (RIE). The micro-loading effect is a phenomenon that leads to different etching depths depending on the aperture size of the mask layer used in etching. We fabricated an aspheric micro-lens mold for the prototype by using the proposed method after experimental evaluations of the micro-loading effect for a feasibility study. The profile of the first prototype was slightly different from the designed one according as the distance from the lens center increase. The profile error of the second prototype was reduced by using a mask that had multiple apertures with the smallest aperture located outside the area where the crater was formed. Our proposed method was found to be effective for fabricating a micro-lens mold with an arbitrary aspheric surface and high aspect ratio.
Dynamic Mobile Edge Computing empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (2021)

The goal of this work is to propose a novel algorithm for energy-efficient, low-latency dynamic computation offloading in mobile edge computing (MEC), in the context of 5G (and beyond) networks endowed with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs). In our setting, new requests for computations are continuously generated at each user, and are handled through a dynamic queueing system. Building on stochastic optimization tools, we devise a dynamic algorithm that jointly optimizes radio resources (i.e., power, rates), computation resources (i.e., CPU cycles), and RIS reflectivity parameters (i.e., phase shifts), while guaranteeing a target performance in terms of average end-to-end delay. The proposed strategy is dynamic, since it performs a low-complexity optimization on a per-slot basis while dealing with time-varying radio channels and task arrivals, whose statistics are unknown a priori. Numerical results corroborate the benefits of our strategy in the context of RIS-empowered MEC systems.
Bottom-Up Proteomics (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Fighting Sulfidation With a Chromium Bearing Fuel Additive (1976)

Sulfidation attack, the accelerated rate of oxidation of gas turbine vanes (stators) and blades (buckets) is a form of hot corrosion, which can occur whenever alkali salts are present in the inlet air and/or as an impurity in the fuel. The corrosive alkali salt found on affected hardware is primarily sodium sulfate, which is composed of sodium ions, sulfate ions and oxide ions. The oxide ions react with and disrupt the normally protective oxide scale which results in accelerated rates of oxidation. Chromium oxide reacts with oxide ions. By reducing the oxide ion concentration of the fused salt, the sulfidation process is prevented before it starts. The ability of a chromium additive in the fuel to suppress sulfidation attack has been demonstrated in laboratory and burner rig tests and more recently in the field. Field experience consists of over 6000 hr of gas turbine operation. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the sulfidation inhibiting process and report the laboratory, burner rig, and field tests.
Fault detection and isolation in wind turbines using support vector machines and observers (2013)

In this work, the benchmark FAST that simulates a closed-loop three-bladed wind turbine is used for fault detection and isolation. Two methods were employed to isolate faults of different types at different locations: Support vector machines (SVM) and a Kalman-like observer. SVM could isolate most faults with the used data and characteristic vectors, except for high varying dynamics. In this case, the use of an observer, which is model-based, was found necessary.
Biological Substitutes/Extenders for Spinal Arthrodesis (2014)

3.
Altimetric Analysis of the Sea-Surface GPS-Reflected Signals (2010)

We describe the development and implementation of a method for extracting altimetric information using the Passive Reflectometry and Interferometry System (PARIS), i.e., from GPS signals after their reflection off the sea surface. We have formalized one idea laid out in the description of a bistatic system for ocean altimetry using the GPS signal, by Hajj and Zuffada (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), and have extended it to real situations encountered in PARIS aircraft experiments. Second, we have developed the corresponding algorithms to produce real-time altimetric observables to be used in dedicated digital signal processors. Finally, we have applied this method to estimate sea-surface height from one flight experiment in the North Sea off the coast of Norway.