gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Coherent Structures over a Smooth Wall Turbulent Boundary Layer in Pressure Gradient Using Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2893.vid Results from time-resolved PIV data, of a high Reynolds number, smooth wall turbulent boundary layer in a non-equilibrium pressure gradient family are analyzed. A novel approach to systematically generate a family of pressure gradients on a flat wind tunnel wall adjacent to an airfoil, is done by sweeping the airfoil at varying angles of attack ranging from -10 to +12 degrees. The mean velocity, integrated boundary layer parameters, and Reynolds shear and streamwise wall-normal stresses show delayed outer layer responses due to the impact of the upstream flow histories. Qualitative analysis of the instantaneous and fluctuating velocity features reveals existence of commonly recognized hairpin vortex packets. The size and measure of these hairpin vortices assist in the physical understanding of the shear stress transport. SPOD modal energy distributions and magnitudes reveal the dominance of u-velocity statistics to the overall turbulence field as well as the effect of pressure gradient on the allocation of the decomposition of energy. Comparisons of the spectral modal energies appearing at varying pressure gradient conditions show collapse of energies at low discrete frequencies, but deviations between pressure conditions at high discrete frequencies. Qualitative observations of the spectral modal shapes and instantaneous velocity fields indicate effects of shear stresses acting on the boundary layers at the different pressure gradient conditions.
Auto-calibration with Stability Margins for Active Damping Control in Electric Drivelines (2022)

The torsional oscillations of the driveline represent a well-known issue in electric powertrains. In order to dampen such oscillations, active damping control is usually employed to suitably modulate the requested torque. However, on the one hand, the modelling inaccuracies due to the presence of nonlinear elements in the driveline system might lead to an ineffective model-based calibration. On the other hand, model-free iterative data-driven calibration overcomes the above problem at the cost of possible safety issues. In fact, unsafe controllers might be tested producing potential system failures. This paper presents a safe model-free calibration framework based on Bayesian optimization, aiming at optimizing the latent objective function while minimizing the risk - in a probabilistic manner - of critical explorations. Results on a full-fledged vehicle simulator shows that the performance is improved as compared to model-based calibration, while at the same time the experimental effort is concentrated in safe operating regions.
Screening diabetic patients for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with controlled attenuation parameter and liver stiffness measurements: a prospective cohort study (2015)

Diabetic patients have a high prevalence of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis. Those with obesity and dyslipidaemia are at particularly high risk and may be the target for liver assessment. Our data support screening for NAFLD and/or advanced fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
StarNet: towards Weakly Supervised Few-Shot Object Detection (2021)

Few-shot detection and classification have advanced significantly in recent years. Yet, detection approaches require strong annotation (bounding boxes) both for pre-training and for adaptation to novel classes, and classification approaches rarely provide localization of objects in the scene. In this paper, we introduce StarNet - a few-shot model featuring an end-to-end differentiable non-parametric star-model detection and classification head. Through this head, the backbone is meta-trained using only image-level labels to produce good features for jointly localizing and classifying previously unseen categories of few-shot test tasks using a star-model that geometrically matches between the query and support images (to find corresponding object instances). Being a few-shot detector, StarNet does not require any bounding box annotations, neither during pre-training nor for novel classes adaptation. It can thus be applied to the previously unexplored and challenging task of Weakly Supervised Few-Shot Object Detection (WS-FSOD), where it attains significant improvements over the baselines. In addition, StarNet shows significant gains on few-shot classification benchmarks that are less cropped around the objects (where object localization is key).
Four-dimensional respiratory motion-resolved whole heart coronary MR angiography (2016)

XD-GRASP represents an attractive alternative for handling respiratory motion in free-breathing whole heart MRI and provides an effective alternative to self-navigation. Magn Reson Med 77:1473-1484, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Magnetic Sensor Based on Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators (2011)

In this paper, we describe a new type of magnetic surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor that consists of interdigital transducers made of a magnetostrictive material, Ni, on a quartz substrate. This sensor can be used as an element of a resonator-type wireless SAW sensor system because it has a high Q . Moreover, it has the merits of being fabricated easily using the existing process for SAW devices because its structure is the same as that of general SAW resonators. When an external magnetic field of about 100 mT was applied perpendicularly to the direction of SAW propagation, the frequency change obtained was 200 ppm. In addition, the developed sensor was applied in a passive and wireless open/close sensing system and the reading distance obtained was 3 m.
Sr3(Al3+xSi13−x)(N21−xO2+x):Eu2+(x∼ 0): a monoclinic modification of Sr-sialon (2010)

The structure of the title compound, Sr-bearing oxonitrido-aluminosilicate (Sr-sialon), contains two types of channels running along the a axis, with the three unique Sr atoms (coordinatioon number seven) residing in the larger one. The channels cross a three-dimensional Si-Al-O-N network, in which the Si and Al atoms are in a tetra-hedral coordination with N and O atoms. The chemical composition of the crystal is close to Sr(3)Al(3)Si(13)N(21)O(2) (tris-trontium trialuminium trideca-silicon henicosa-nitride dioxide), which can be expressed as a mixture of SrSiN(2), Si(3)N(4), AlN, and SiO(2) components in the molar ratio 3:3:3:1. The crystal studied was metrically orthorhombic, consisting of four twin components related by metric merohedry.
Efficiency of the Fermilab Electron Cooler&#8217;s Collector (2006)

The newly installed Recycler Electron Cooling system (REC) at Fermilab [1] will work at an electron energy of 4.34 MeV and a DC beam current of 0.5 A in an energy recovery scheme. As a part of the Electron cooling project, the efficiency of the collector for the REC was optimized at a dedicated test bench to the level of relative current losses of 5·10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> . The paper discusses the test bench measurements for several distributions of a transverse magnetic field in the collector cavity.
Icodec Advances the Prospect of Once-Weekly Insulin Injection (2021)

Basal glucose control is commonly maintained by a single, once-daily administration of insulin through subcutaneous injection or a continuous pump-infusion. Insulin icodec, a novel ultralong-acting lipidated analog validates the concept of a once-weekly basal injection that is less burdensome, yet equally safe and efficacious as conventional once-daily treatment.
Equalization Digital On-Channel Repeater in the Single Frequency Networks (2006)

Digital On-Channel Repeater (DOCR) can be used for Single Frequency Networks (SFN's). It is much simple and low cost compared to Distributed Transmitter which needs Studio to Transmitter Link (STL). However, traditional DOCR has one of those defects such as a power limit, a long time system processing delay or a poor output signal quality. In order to overcome all of those defects, we introduce Equalization DOCR (EDOCR) which regenerates the original 8-VSB output signal with relatively short time system processing delay. Lab. and Field test results show that the EDOCR can eliminate the loop-back signal up to 5.5 dB with 5.5 /spl mu/s system processing delay. By using EDOCR, we can save spectrum resources and extend coverage areas.
Escalated BEACOPP Versus ABVD-Like Chemotherapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients: a Cochrane Review. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 3705 Poster Board III-641 Introduction The main challenge in treating Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is to find the optimal treatment with the best efficacy and least toxicity. So far there are two different international standards for the treatment of intermediate and advanced stage HL: chemotherapy with ABVD regime and chemotherapy with escalated BEACOPP regime. This review aims to clarify advantages and disadvantages of both treatments. Methods MEDLINE, CENTRAL and EMBASE were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials from 1985 to 2008. Trials comparing treatment with at least 2 cycles escalated BEACOPP versus chemotherapy with at least 4 cycles of ABVD within patients in intermediate or advanced stages HL were included. Trials without any published results will be excluded from the meta-analysis. Trial selection, quality assessment and data extraction were done independently by two review authors. Time-to-event outcome were analyzed with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a fixed effects model. Results A total of 683 references were screened. Four eligible trials with 1970 patients were identified and included in the main analysis: the HD9 and HD14 trials from Germany, the HD2000 and GSM-HD trials from Italy. The escalated BEACOPP regime was more toxic during treatment than ABVD. Progression free survival (PFS) was statistically significantly longer for escalated BEACOPP: HR was 0.53 (95% CI [0.42, 0.67], I2=0%). In the main analysis of overall survival (OS), escalated BEACOPP was statistically significantly better than ABVD: HR was 0.70 (95% CI [0.50, 0.98], I2=0%). However, this result is not robust. In the OS-analysis restricted to advanced stage trials, the HR was 0.93 (95% CI [0.52, 1.04], I2=0%). Due to the high weight of the HD9 trial (57%), the OS-results are strongly influenced by this trial. In a sensitivity OS analysis without the HD9 trial the HR was 0.83 (95% CI [0.50, 1.38]). Only one trial (HD9) had a follow-up of over 5 years; the median of the other trials was approx. 3 years. Conclusions This meta-analysis showed a better PFS and suggests a benefit in OS for escalated BEACOPP in comparison to ABVD-like regimen. However, many trials had a short follow-up. Longer follow-up and the inclusion of the ongoing EORTC 20012 trial should allow a more definitive answer concerning OS. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Amine-Modulated/Engineered Interfaces of NiMo Electrocatalysts for Improved Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Solutions (2017)

The interface between electrolytes and electrocatalysts would largely determine their corresponding activity and stability. Herein, modulating the surface characteristics of NiMo nanoparticles by various adsorbed amines gives the tunability on their interfacial properties and subsequently improves their catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solutions. Diamines can significantly improve their HER activity by decreasing the charge-transfer resistance and modulating the electronic structures of interfacial active sites. Importantly, among various amines, ethylenediamine facilitates the HER activity of NiMo with a remarkable decrease of 268 mV in the overpotential to reach 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> as compared with that of the unmodified NiMo in 1.0 M KOH. This method provides a novel strategy of regulating the interfacial properties to strengthen the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts.
Progress in high temperature superconductor coated conductors and their applications (2008)

Second generation (2G) high temperature superconductor (HTS) wires are based on a coated conductor technology. They follow on from a first generation (1G) HTS wire consisting of a composite multifilamentary wire architecture. During the last couple of years, rapid progress has been made in the development of 2G HTS wire, which is now displacing 1G HTS wire for most if not all applications. The engineering critical current density of these wires matches or exceeds that of 1G wire, and the mechanical properties are also superior. Scale-up of manufacturing is proceeding rapidly, with several companies already supplying the order of 10 km annually for test and demonstration. Coils of increasing sophistication are being demonstrated. One especially attractive application, that relies on the specific properties of 2G HTS wire, is fault current limitation. By incorporating a high resistivity stabilizer in the coated conductor, one can achieve high resistance in a quenched state during a fault event and at the same time provide significant heat capacity to limit the temperature rise. A test of a 2.25 MVA single phase system at 7.5 kV employing such wire by the Siemens/AMSC team has demonstrated all the key features required for a cost-effective commercial system. A novel approach to providing fault current limiting functionality in HTS cables has also been introduced.
Fabrication and transport properties of 12CaO·7Al2O3 (C12A7) electride nanowire (2008)

Abstract Electron‐doped 12CaO·7Al 2 O 3 (C12A7) nanowires (NWs) were fabricated by two approaches. First, spatially selective electron doping of C12A7 films was examined by using a chemical method specific to C12A7. However, the conductive NW was not formed due to diffusion of oxygen in the C12A7 films to the conductive area. Secondly, a combination of dry etching and electron doping was examined. NWs with conductivities ∼6 S/cm at 300 K were successfully fabricated by this method. The temperature dependence of the conductivity in the NWs exhibited almost degenerated conduction down to 5 K. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
3D Printing of Cellulose Nanocrystal-Loaded Hydrogels through Rapid Fixation by Photopolymerization (2021)

New ink compositions for direct ink writing (DIW) printing of hydrogels, combining superior rheological properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and a water-compatible photoinitiator, are presented. Rapid fixation was achieved by photopolymerization induced immediately after the printing of each layer by 365 nm light for 5 s, which overcame the common height limitation in DIW printing of hydrogels, and enabled the fabrication of objects with a high aspect ratio. CNCs imparted a unique rheological behavior, which was expressed by orders of magnitude difference in viscosity between low and high shear rates and in rapid high shear recovery, without compromising ink printability. Compared to the literature, the presented printing compositions enable the use of low photoinitiator concentrations at a very short build time, 6.25 s/mm, and are also curable by 405 nm light, which is favorable for maintaining viability in bioinks.
Expression Profiling of Nuclear Receptors in the NCI60 Cancer Cell Panel Reveals Receptor-Drug and Receptor-Gene Interactions (2010)

We profiled the expression of the 48 human nuclear receptors (NRs) by quantitative RT-PCR in 51 human cancer cell lines of the NCI60 collection derived from nine different tissues. NR mRNA expression accurately classified melanoma, colon, and renal cancers, whereas lung, breast, prostate, central nervous system, and leukemia cell lines exhibited heterogeneous receptor expression. Importantly, receptor mRNA levels faithfully predicted the growth-inhibitory qualities of receptor ligands in nonendocrine tumors. Correlation analysis using NR expression profiles and drug response information across the cell line panel uncovered a number of new potential receptor-drug interactions, suggesting that in these cases, individual receptor levels may predict response to chemotherapeutic interventions. Similarly, by cross-comparing receptor levels within our expression dataset and relating these profiles to existing microarray gene expression data, we defined interactions among receptors and between receptors and other genes that can now be mechanistically queried. This work supports the strategy of using NR expression profiling to classify various types of cancer, define NR-drug interactions and receptor-gene networks, predict cancer-drug sensitivity, and identify druggable targets that may be pharmacologically manipulated for potential therapeutic intervention.
Post Classification Label Refinement Using Implicit Ordering Constraint Among Data Instances (2015)

Classification of instances into different categories in various real world applications suffer from inaccuracies due to lack of representative training data, limitations of classification models, noise and outliers in the input data etc. In this paper we propose a new post classification label refinement method for the scenarios where data instances have an inherent ordering among them that can be leveraged to correct inconsistencies in class labels. We show that by using the ordering constraint, more robust algorithms can be developed than traditional methods. Moreover in most applications where this ordering among instances exists, it is not directly observed. The proposed approach simultaneously estimates the latent ordering among instances and corrects the class labels. We demonstrate the utility of the approach for the application of monitoring the dynamics of lakes and reservoirs. The proposed approach has been evaluated on synthetic datasets with different noise structures and noise levels.
XG-FAST: Towards 10 Gb/s copper access (2014)

Traditionally, copper network operators complement a Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) strategy with a hybrid fiber-copper deployment in which fiber is gradually brought closer to the consumer, and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technology is used for the remaining copper network. In this paper, we propose the system concepts of XG-FAST, a technology capable of delivering 10 Gb/s connection speeds over short copper pairs. With a hardware proof-of-concept platform, it is shown that multi-gigabit speeds are achievable over typical drop lengths from front yard to customer premises equipment of up to 70 m. When an additional pair is available, 10 Gb/s service is shown to be possible up to 30 m by exploiting bonding and phantom mode. The XG-FAST technology will make Fiber-to-the-Door deployments feasible, which avoids many of the hurdles accompanying a traditional FTTH roll-out. Single subscriber XG-FAST devices would be an integral component of FTTH deployments, and as such help accelerate a worldwide roll-out of FTTH services. Standardization is required to specify the physical layer and the interface with the fiber network.
Cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen in man. (1984)

An aqueous preparation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine was used as an intradermal skin test antigen to assess delayed hypersensitivity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Thirty-five persons were tested including 10 individuals seronegative for all HBV markers, 10 positive for HBsAg (chronic carriers) and 15 positive for antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), five of whom had received the HBV vaccine. All patients were also studied for lymphocyte blastogenic responses to phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen and purified HBsAg. Only one individual had a positive delayed skin test reaction to HBsAg. This person had received the HBV vaccine and had high titres of anti-HBs in serum. However, neither this individual nor any other subject exhibited a positive lymphocyte blastogenic response to HBsAg in vitro. Thus, delayed hypersensitivity skin test reactivity to HBsAg was not detected after natural infection with HBV and was rarely present in hyperimmunized individuals. In vitro assays of immune responsiveness failed to demonstrate cellular immunity to HBsAg even in hyperimmunized persons. These studies provide no evidence that cell-mediated immunity to HBsAg plays a role in the immunopathogenesis of acute or chronic type B hepatitis.
Feasibility of Imaging and Treatment Monitoring of Breast Lesions with Three-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography (2015)

<b>Purpose</b> Firstly to evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic performance of three-dimensional (3 D) shear wave elastography (SWE) volume measurements in patients with breast lesions compared to breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) lesion volumes and 3D-US B-mode volumes. Secondly to assess the treatment monitoring performance of 3D-SWE in patients under neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer by comparing it to 3D-US lesion volume. <b>Materials and Methods</b> This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board. Informed consent was provided. 33 patients with 33 lesions were included. The feasibility of 3D-SWE was evaluated in 23 patients. In the 10 remaining patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 3D-SWE was evaluated before and during treatment. Tumor volume and qualitative and quantitative elasticity analysis measurements were performed and compared to the tumor volume as estimated by 3D-US and DCE-MRI. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. <b>Results</b> 3D-SWE was feasible in patients with breast lesions. Tumor volume calculated with 3D-US and 3D-SWE showed very good and moderate concordances with DCE-MRI volume, respectively (Pearson correlation coefficients equal to ρ = r = 0.88, p < 0.00 002 and ρ = r = 0.5, p = 0.32, respectively). Modification of tumor elasticity and heterogeneity was correlated with response to treatment. In good responders, elasticity and elasticity heterogeneity diminished. <b>Conclusion</b> Tumor 3D-US volume measurements showed very good concordance with DCE-MRI volume. 3D-SWE can provide valuable information: reduction of tissue stiffness during treatment could be a potential indicator of response. These preliminary results should be confirmed on a larger number of patients.
DELAYED‐TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY AND UNRESPONSIVENESS TO NUCLEIC ACID ANTIGEN The Role of the Epitope Density and Crossreactivity between Nucleoside Coupled to Cell* (1982)

Here we describe a new model to elicit cellular immunity and induce unresponsiveness to nucleic acid antigens. Delayed-type hypersensitivity could be elicited by immunizing and challenging Balb/c mice with either guanosine-coupled spleen cells (G-SC) or adenosine-coupled spleen cells (A-SC) measured by footpad swellings. The epitope density was critical for immunization. This cellular reaction was specific to nucleosides, and crossimmunity was observed beween A-SC and G-SC. In addition, crossunresponsiveness was observed between these two nucleosides. In contrast, soluble carrier proteins coupled with either guanosine or adenosine did not induce crossreactive immunity or unresponsiveness. This emphasizes the dichotomy in both the mechanism and the specificity of unresponsiveness induced by the same ligand bound to two different self molecules (such as cell or igG). Finally, cellular immunity to nucleic acid antigens might be useful in ascertaining its involvement in experimental systemic lupus.