gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Locality in Quantum Computation for Quantum Chemistry (2014)

Accurate prediction of chemical and material properties from first-principles quantum chemistry is a challenging task on traditional computers. Recent developments in quantum computation offer a route toward highly accurate solutions with polynomial cost; however, this solution still carries a large overhead. In this Perspective, we aim to bring together known results about the locality of physical interactions from quantum chemistry with ideas from quantum computation. We show that the utilization of spatial locality combined with the Bravyi-Kitaev transformation offers an improvement in the scaling of known quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry and provides numerical examples to help illustrate this point. We combine these developments to improve the outlook for the future of quantum chemistry on quantum computers.
Communication and cooperation in underwater acoustic networks (2013)

In this thesis, we present a study of several problems related to underwater point to point communications and network formation. We explore techniques to improve the achievable data rate on a point to point link using better physical layer techniques and then study sensor cooperation which improves the throughput and reliability in an underwater network. ? Robust point-to-point communications in underwater networks has become increasingly critical in several military and civilian applications related to underwater communications. We present several physical layer signaling and detection techniques tailored to the underwater channel model to improve the reliability of data detection. First, a simplified underwater channel model in which the time scale distortion on each path is assumed to be the same (single scale channel model in contrast to a more general multi scale model). A novel technique, which exploits the nature of OFDM signaling and the time scale distortion, called Partial FFT Demodulation is derived. It is observed that this new technique has some unique interference suppression properties and performs better than traditional equalizers in several scenarios of interest. Next, we consider the multi scale model for the underwater channel and assume that single scale processing is performed at the receiver. We then derive optimized front end pre-processing techniques to reduce the interference caused during single scale processing of signals transmitted on a multi-scale channel. We then propose an improvised channel estimation technique using dictionary optimization methods for compressive sensing and show that significant performance gains can be obtained using this technique. ? In the next part of this thesis, we consider the problem of sensor node cooperation among rational nodes whose objective is to improve their individual data rates. We first consider the problem of transmitter cooperation in a multiple access channel and investigate the stability of the grand coalition of transmitters using tools from cooperative game theory and show that the grand coalition in both the asymptotic regimes of high and low SNR. Towards studying the problem of receiver cooperation for a broadcast channel, we propose a game theoretic model for the broadcast channel and then derive a game theoretic duality between the multiple access and the broadcast channel and show that how the equilibria of the broadcast channel are related to the multiple access channel and vice versa.
The use of interactive computer vision and robot hand controllers for enhancing manufacturing safety (1994)

Current available robotic systems provide limited support for CAD-based model-driven visualization, sensing algorithm development and integration, and automated graphical planning systems. This paper describes ongoing work which provides the functionality necessary to apply advanced robotics to automated manufacturing and assembly operations. An interface has been built which incorporates 6-DOF tactile manipulation, displays for three dimensional graphical models, and automated tracking functions which depend on automated machine vision. A set of tools for single and multiple focal plane sensor image processing and understanding has been demonstrated which utilizes object recognition models. The resulting tool will enable sensing and planning from computationally simple graphical objects. A synergistic interplay between human and operator vision is created from programmable feedback received from the controller. This approach can be used as the basis for implementing enhanced safety in automated robotics manufacturing, assembly, repair and inspection tasks in both ground and space applications. Thus, an interactive capability has been developed to match the modeled environment to the real task environment for safe and predictable task execution.
An optical toolbox for astronomical instrumentation (2016)

The author has open-sourced a program for optical modeling of astronomical instrumentation. The code allows for optical systems to be described in a programming language. An optical prescription may contain coordinate systems and transformations, arbitrary polynomial aspheric surfaces and complex volumes. Rather than using a plethora of rays to evaluate performance, all the derivatives along a ray are computed by automatic differentiation. By adaptively controlling the patches around each ray, the system can be modeled to a guaranteed known precision. The code currently consists of less than 10,000 lines of C++/stdlib code.
Bi-Directional Hybrid Optical Fiber Amplifier for C or C-plus-L Band (2005)

We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a bi-directional hybrid optical fiber amplifier, which operates in the ranges of the C and C-plus-L bands simultaneously, based on two erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and an semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The proposed amplifier also provides C or C-plus-L band amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light source for fiber sensor and detection applications.
Topology optimized mode multiplexing in silicon-on-insulator photonic wire waveguides (2016)

We design and experimentally verify a topology optimized low-loss and broadband two-mode (de-)multiplexer, which is (de-)multiplexing the fundamental and the first-order transverse-electric modes in a silicon photonic wire. The device has a footprint of 2.6 µm x 4.22 µm and exhibits a loss <1.2 dB in a 100 nm bandwidth measured around 1570 nm. The measured cross talk is <-12 dB and the extinction ratio is >14 dB in the C-band. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the design method can be expanded to include more modes, in this case including also the second order transverse-electric mode, while maintaining functionality.
Links between diet, spiral bacteria in the gastric mucosa and ulceration in the stomach (2000)

Despite gastric ulcers being common in pigs, the pathophysiology of the condition in swine is poorly understood. Among other factors diet and bacterial infection have been incriminated as causes of the condition (1). This study had the objective of investigate the effects of two wheat-based diets, previously tested in weaners and shown to have protective and deleterious effects on the stomach respectively (2), on spiral bacterial populations in the gastric mucosa.
Phenotypes and Genotypes of Inherited Disorders of Biogenic Amine Neurotransmitter Metabolism (2023)

Inherited disorders of biogenic amine metabolism are genetically determined conditions resulting in dysfunctions or lack of enzymes involved in the synthesis, degradation, or transport of dopamine, serotonin, adrenaline/noradrenaline, and their metabolites or defects of their cofactor or chaperone biosynthesis. They represent a group of treatable diseases presenting with complex patterns of movement disorders (dystonia, oculogyric crises, severe/hypokinetic syndrome, myoclonic jerks, and tremors) associated with a delay in the emergence of postural reactions, global development delay, and autonomic dysregulation. The earlier the disease manifests, the more severe and widespread the impaired motor functions. Diagnosis mainly depends on measuring neurotransmitter metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid that may address the genetic confirmation. Correlations between the severity of phenotypes and genotypes may vary remarkably among the different diseases. Traditional pharmacological strategies are not disease-modifying in most cases. Gene therapy has provided promising results in patients with DYT-DDC and in vitro models of DYT/PARK-SLC6A3. The rarity of these diseases, combined with limited knowledge of their clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic features, frequently leads to misdiagnosis or significant diagnostic delays. This review provides updates on these aspects with a final outlook on future perspectives.
Spin-state isomerism in crystalline (trifluoromethanesulfonato)(meso-tetraphenylporphinato)iron(III) [FeIII(TPP)(OSO2CF3)] (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpin-state isomerism in crystalline (trifluoromethanesulfonato)(meso-tetraphenylporphinato)iron(III) [FeIII(TPP)(OSO2CF3)]Jorge A. Gonzalez and Lon J. WilsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 7, 1543–1553Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00085a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00085a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
P1‐458: LEVEL OF BRAIN RESERVE ASSOCIATED WITH SPATIAL EXTENT OF TAU‐NEURODEGENERATION PATTERN IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2018)

A close relationship between tau pathology and neurodegeneration has been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is not yet known, whether this relationship is affected by the level of brain reserve (BR) – a measure which accounts for differences in brain integrity such as intracranial volume (ICV). Here, we investigated whether the spatial extent of the tau-neurodegeneration pattern differs between AD patients with high and low levels of BR. We included 23 [18F]AV-1451 and [18F]FDG PET scans of patients with mild to moderate AD. To estimate the ICV, the individual CT scans (acquired during the PET scanning procedure) were segmented using statistical parametric mapping 12 (SPM). The resulting segmented volumes for grey matter, white matter and CSF were summed and used as measure for ICV. Second, using a median split on ICV (Md = 1.41l), patients were grouped into a group of high BR (n=12, Age= 65.67 ± 5.97, MMSE= 25.17 ± 4.41) and low BR (n=11, Age= 69.18 ± 8.00, MMSE= 24.27 ± 4.05). Next, to assess the relationship between tau pathology and neurodegeneration, the pre-processed and intensity-standardized PET images were submitted to partial correlation analyses conducted with biological parametric mapping. Voxel-wise partial correlations were performed for each group, respectively. Correlation analyses were corrected for age, gender, and MMSE. Finally, significant clusters with an extent threshold of 100 voxels (p < .005, uncorrected) were extracted for each group. Tau pathology load and correlation coefficients were then compared between groups based on a region of interest approach using the extracted clusters. The AD group with lower BR showed a significant positive relation between tau pathology and neurodegeneration in temporal, occipital and frontal regions, whereas this relation was only present in superior parietal regions in the AD group with high BR. The correlation coefficients of the extracted clusters significantly differed between groups, while tau pathology load did not. These preliminary results demonstrate that patients with higher BR present a more spatially restricted tau-neurodegeneration relation than patients with lower BR possibly indicating that brain integrity may buffer the effect of tau pathology on neurodegeneration.
The evaluation of arrangements for effective operation of the new Local Safeguarding Children Boards in England. Final report. Research report DFE-RR027 (2010)

A series of heterocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (1a-1d, 2a-2d, 3a-3d, 4a-3d, and 5a-5d) with 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienyl pharmacophore were synthesized for the development of anticancer and multidrug resistance reverting agents. The antiproliferative activities were tested against nine human cancer cell lines. Approximately 73% of the IC50 values were below 5 μm, while 35% of these figures were submicromolar, and compounds 3a-3d with 4-trifluoro methyl in the arylidene benzene rings were the most potent, since their IC50 values are between 0.06 and 3.09 μm against all cancer cell lines employed. Meanwhile, their multidrug resistance reversal properties and cellular uptake were further examined. The data displayed that all of these compounds could reverse multidrug resistance, particularly, compounds 3a and 4a demonstrated both potent multidrug resistance reverting properties and strong antiproliferative activities, which can be taken as leading molecules for further research of dual effect agents in tumor chemotherapy.
A Low-Loss Fully Board-Integrated Low-Pass Filter Using Suspended Integrated Strip-Line Technology (2018)

This paper presents a low-loss fully board-integrated low-pass filter (LPF) using suspended integrated strip-line (SISL) technology. A multilayer board stack-up, with internally buried hollow cavities, is used to create the suspended strip-line. By transitioning from the top copper ground-backed coplanar waveguide trace to an internal strip-line and vice versa, a more traditional industry-standard utilization of the top copper can be realized with this SISL implementation. Based on the proposed design, an 11th-order generalized Chebyshev LPF, with a cutoff frequency of 18 GHz, has been designed and fabricated using standard printed circuit board fabrication processes. Compensated measured results show less than 1 dB of attenuation over the dc-18-GHz passband and greater than 30 dB of stopband attenuation up to 26 GHz. The proposed SISL technology LPF has advantages of low loss, compact size, and low cost, which are crucial to meet unprecedented reductions in size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) of future systems.
Busting the Myth of “Static vs Cidal”: A Systemic Literature Review (2017)

We sought to determine if clinical data validate the dogma that bactericidal antibiotics are more clinically effective than bacteriostatic agents. We performed a systematic literature review of published, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) that compared a bacteriostatic agent to a bactericidal agent in the treatment of clinical, bacterial infections. Of 56 identified trials published since 1985, 49 found no significant difference in efficacy between bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents. In 6 trials it was found that the bacteriostatic agent was superior to the bactericidal agent in efficacy. Only 1 trial found that the bactericidal agent was superior; in that case, the inferiority of the static agent was explainable by underdosing of the drug based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis. Thus, virtually all available data from high-quality, RCTs demonstrate no intrinsic superiority of bactericidal compared to bacteriostatic agents. Other drug characteristics such as optimal dosing, pharmacokinetics, and tissue penetration may be more important efficacy drivers.
Terahertz/millimeter wave characterizations of soils for mine detection: transmission and scattering (2005)

Transmission spectra were measured over the range 90-4200 GHz for a locally sourced soil sample composed mostly of quartz sand with ~200 micron particle size. A vector network analyzer covered the spectral range 90-140 GHz. A Fourier spectrometer collected transmission spectra over the range 120 to 4200 GHz. Transmission drops to zero for wavelengths shorter than the characteristic particle size of the sample as a consequence of scattering. Transmission spectra were also measured for various liquids in the 90-140 GHz and 450-1650 GHz ranges in the interest of index matching. These liquids were mixed with the soil sample and were found to reduce scattering and increase transmission through the soil at higher frequencies. This work is relevant to mine detection using THz and millimeter wave (mmW) radiation.
Novel MIS Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ capacitor as a prospective technology for Gbit DRAMs (2002)

A novel MIS-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ capacitor technology was developed with the low thermal budget and showed the superior dielectric characteristics, which were achieved by adopting ALD technique for the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ film deposition. A fully integrated 1 Gbit DRAM with MIS-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ capacitor was successfully worked, where storage capacitance and leakage current at 1.2 V were 30 fF/cell and 0.5 fA/cell, respectively. Moreover, the excellent dielectric characteristics were confirmed from the result that Vp for generating solid "0" 10 sec fail bit counts was measured to be 2.4 V.
[P4–088]: VISUALIZATION OF MICROGLIAL RESPONSE TO TAU‐INDUCED NEURODEGENERATION IN A MODEL OF TAUOPATHY (2017)

Accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of microtubule-associated protein tau is a major hallmark of tau-mediated neurodegenerative diseases referred to as tauopathies. Activation of glial cells, both astrocytes and microglia, has been documented as an early event in the pathogenesis of protein misfolding diseases. However, an alteration between NFT formation and microglial activation was not clearly understood. To investigate the temporospatial relationship between pathological tau accumulation and microglial activation, noninvasive in vivo brain imaging studies on a mouse model of tauopathy was conducted. Furthermore, microglial activation status was examined by cell morphology and immunoreactivity of microglial markers. The rTg4510 transgenic mice expressing P301L mutated tau were examined for volumetric MRI and PET imaging from 2 to 13M of age. PET probes, [11C]PBB3 and [11C]AC-5216 were used for visualizing tau pathology and TSPO (the 18-kDa translocator protein, a neuroinflammation marker), respectively. Tau pathology and microglial activation were subsequently analyzed by immunohistochemistry using postmortem mouse brains. Longitudinal imaging studies revealed age-dependent cortical and hippocampal volume reduction, PBB3 and TSPO accumulations. Retentions of tau and TSPO radioligands in these regions were inversely correlated to forebrain volume. Immunohistochemically, both Iba1 and TSPO signals were increased with aging while immunoreactivity of P2Y12, a marker for visualizing microglia in the ramified state, was significantly reduced in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rTg4510 mice as early as 2 months of age. Our results indicate that mutant tau deposition accompanied with both TSPO accumulation and forebrain atrophy in the rTg4510 mice. Decrease of a ramified morphology in young rTg4510 mice strongly suggests the microglial response to tau-induced neurodegeneration at an early stage of NFT formation. Further examinations are ongoing to validate whether microglial activation in this mouse model is detrimental or beneficial to protecting neurons.
A frequency invariant beamformer for channel parameter estimation in millimeter wave bands (2015)

Millimeter wave (mm-wave) bands offer vast amounts of unlicensed and unused spectrum that could potentially be utilized by future (5G) wireless systems. Accurate channel characterization at mm-wave bands is required for system design and performance analysis of future 5G communication systems. Knowledge of delay and angle of arrival (AoA) of the incoming multipath components are especially important for future applications at these frequencies. This paper discusses the use of a frequency invariant beamforming (FIB) technique with a uniform circular array (UCA) for the estimation of delay and AoA parameters at mm-wave bands. Simulations are performed for a multipath channel showing the advantages of the discussed frequency invariant techniques compared to traditional beamforming approaches.
Prediction and prevention of transplant-related mortality from pulmonary causes after total body irradiation and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (2005)

Between July 1997 and August 2004, 146 consecutive patients with hematologic malignancies received a T cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant from an HLA-identical sibling by using total body irradiation (TBI) and cyclophosphamide conditioning regimens. Eighty-five patients received 13.6 Gy of TBI with no lung shielding, and 61 received lung shielding (total lung dose, 6-12 Gy). Ninety-four patients (65.5%) had standard-risk disease; the remainder had more advanced disease or unfavorable diagnoses. Of the 21 transplant-related deaths, 14 were from pulmonary causes (10 idiopathic pulmonary syndromes and 4 from infection) that occurred at a median of 90 days (range, 23-238 days) after transplantation. Independent risk factors for pulmonary transplant-related mortality (PTRM) were pretransplantation diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (relative risk, 5.7 for diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide <85%), smoking (relative risk, 5.0), and CD34 cell dose (relative risk, 9.4 for a CD34 dose of <5 x 10(6) cells per kilogram). Patients receiving lung shielding had significantly lower PTRM (3.3% versus 14.1%; P = .02) and better overall survival (70% +/- 6% versus 52% +/- 5%; P = .04), but lung shielding was not a significant independent factor for determining PTRM. These results suggest that pulmonary mortality after TBI-based preparative regimens is predictable and that higher CD34 cell doses can reduce the risk.
High temperature SiC pressure sensors with low offset voltage shift (2014)

Very low (~0.125 mV) shifts in offset voltage were achieved in silicon carbide (SiC) piezoresistive pressure sensors during thermal cycling between 25 and 500 &deg;C for 500 hours. It resulted in reduced measurement error to ~ 0.36 % and ~ 0.9 % of the full-scale output at 25 and 500 &deg;C, respectively. The reduction in the offset shift was the result of the advancement made in controlling the intermetallic diffusion and microstructural phase changes within the contact metallization. The low offset voltage results provide critical figures of merit needed for quantifying the measurement error and correction when the SiC pressure sensors are used. The results demonstrate more robust and reliable SiC pressure sensors operating with significantly reduced FSO errors at 500 &deg;C.