gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AMG 479, a fully human anti IGF-1 receptor monoclonal antibody, is efficacious against Ewing’s sarcoma and osteosarcoma xenografts (2007)

A64 AMG 479 is a fully human monoclonal antibody that is currently being tested in the clinic against Ewing’s sarcoma. AMG 479 binds insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-1R) and inhibits IGF-1 and IGF-2 binding as well as receptor activation. In vivo, AMG 479 is efficacious against human pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma xenografts as a single agent and shows enhanced efficacy in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we tested the ability of AMG 479 to inhibit the growth of human sarcoma xenografts in vivo. Recent evidence suggests that the EWS/FLI-1 translocation which is present in 90% of Ewing’s tumors regulates IGF signaling by down-regulating IGFBP-3 expression. We confirmed the presence of the EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcript in two Ewing’s sarcoma cell lines, SK-ES-1 and SK-NEP-1, and one rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, A673. All cell lines had undetectable level of IGFBP-3 in cell culture supernatants. Treatment of A673 xenografts with AMG 479 (300 μg/dose, 2x/week, 3 weeks) showed no tumor growth inhibition. In contrast, treatment with AMG 479 resulted in better than 70% tumor growth inhibition and reduced IGF-1R expression in the Ewing’s sarcoma xenografts. AMG 479 also achieved greater than 80% tumor growth inhibition against the EWS/FLI-1 negative osteosarcoma model, SJSA-1. The potential benefit of combining AMG 479 with targeted agents in Ewing’s sarcoma was tested using the SK-ES-1 model. Treatment with AMG 479 (300 μg/dose, 2x/week, 3 weeks) in combination with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (0.5 mg/kg, 2x/week) resulted in significant (p=0.02 vs AMG 479, p=0.005 vs rapamycin) tumor growth inhibition compared to either therapy alone, suggesting that the two agents can be combined clinically for the treatment of Ewing’s sarcoma patients. Together, the data suggest that AMG 479 has therapeutic potential in treating Ewing’s sarcoma as well as osteosarcoma patients both as monotherapy and in combination with experimental agents.
Influence of Aging on Autohesive Tack of Brominated Isobutylene-co-p-methylstyrene (BIMS) Rubber in the Presence of Phenolic Resin Tackifier (2008)

Abstract The role of phenolic resin tackifier on autohesive tack of brominated isobutylene-co-p-methylstyrene (BIMS) rubber was studied by a 180° peel test with particular reference to aging. Phenolic resin showed very little effect on the unaged tack of BIMS rubber. The tack strength of the rubber/resin mixture marginally increased at 1 phr resin concentration, beyond which it decreased. Based on the data on the compression creep, maximum tensile stress, and viscoelastic properties of the rubber/resin mixtures, phenolic resin did not enhance the interfacial viscous flow behavior of the rubber/resin mixtures. The results from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the existence of a phase-separated morphology in the rubber/resin blends even at low resin concentration. Upon aging at 100°C for 36 h, the rubber/resin blend containing 1 phr of phenolic resin showed further increase in tack strength which was attributed to migration of the tackifier to the rubber surface and the changes in the compression creep, viscoelastic behavior, and maximum tensile stress of the rubber/resin mixtures. This is also a function of aging time. Surface energy analysis by contact angle measurement, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR/ATR) studies, and surface roughness measurement by atomic force microscopy (AFM) elucidate the enrichment of the phenolic resin on the rubber surface upon aging and the mechanism of enhanced tack strength. Keywords: 180° peelAgingBIMSCompatibilityPhenolic resin tackifierTack ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors are thankful to The ExxonMobil Chemical Co, USA, and ExxonMobil Chemical India Pvt. Ltd. for sponsoring the project and according permission to publish the results. Notes *phr-parts per hundred grams of rubber
Predominant Cytosolic Distribution of Serotonin in Rat Pineal Gland in Contrast to Biogenic Monoamine Localization in Midbrain and Adrenal Gland (1989)

The subcellular distribution of serotonin and norepinephrine in the rat pineal gland was studied by tissue fractionation and compared with that of biogenic monoamines in the adrenal gland and midbrain. Homogenized tissues were fractionated by ultracentrifugation or by filtration through cellulose ester membranes. Most of the epinephrine (70-80%) and norepinephrine (62-82%) present in the adrenal glands was detected in the particulate fraction. The same distribution was found for serotonin (68.5%) and norepinephrine (59%) in the midbrain and for norepinephrine (62.5%) in the pineal gland. However, most of the serotonin in the pineal was found in the soluble fraction (89.5-98%). This suggests that the great majority of serotonin in the rat pinealocytes is cytosolic and thus is not stored in subcellular vesicles, in contrast to the biogenic monoamines in the midbrain or adrenal gland.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Lithioalkoxysilanes: Applications to Alkene Synthesis. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of three terminal devices using double barrier magnetic tunnel junctions (2005)

Double barrier magnetic tunnel transistors were prepared and the magnetoresistance (MR) and magnetocurrent effect (MC)were measured. The films were deposited on SiO/sub 2/ substrate by sputtering. The structure of the films is SiO-substrate/buffer/IrMn/CoFe(2 nm)/Ru(0.85 nm)/CoFe(2 nm:drain)/Al-O(1.2 nm)/NiFe(5 nm:base)/Al-O(1.2 nm)/CoFe(3 nm:source)/IrMn(1.5 nm)/Ru(5 nm). (Hereafter "drain layer" is denoted as "D", "base layer" is "B" and "source layer" is "S".) Al-O tunnel barriers were formed by plasma oxidation of Al. The films were fabricated into 3 terminal device using photolithography, Ar ion etching for metallic layers and wet etching for Al-O layers. The area of D/B junction is 40/spl times/90 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, and B/S junction area is 10/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. The product of resistance and area (RA) is 1.8 M/spl Omega//spl mu/m/sup 2/ for D/B junction and 0.2 M/spl Omega//spl mu/m for B/S junction, respectively. MR measurements were done by conventional 4-probe method at 10 mV. MC measurements were done by using two Keithley 2400 source meters.
Robust Superhydrophobic Mats based on Electrospun Crystalline Nanofibers Combined with a Silane Precursor (2010)

We demonstrate the fabrication of solvent-resistant, mechanically robust, superhydrophobic nanofibrous mats by electrospinning of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in the presence of inorganic silane materials. The solvent resistance and mechanical strength of nanofibrous mats were dramatically increased through the crystallization of as-spun PVDF fibers or incorporation of a tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) sol into the nanofibrous matrix. The electrospun nanofibrous mats yielded a water contact angle of 156 degrees that did not vary with TEOS content. The solvent resistance and mechanical robustness of the electrospun mats were significantly enhanced through extensive cross-linking of TEOS, even after short PVDF annealing times. The interpenetrating polymer network, which embeds polymer chains in a TEOS network, allows the fabrication of robust functional nanofibers by combining semicrystalline polymers with electrospinning techniques.
Hardware-Software Co-Integration for Configurable 5G mmWave Systems (2020)

Directional communication systems based on millimeter-wave phased arrays have reached a significant level of maturity and have entered the commercial space for 5G networks. In order to realize their full potential, Si -based phased arrays must be integrated efficiently at the system level with digital control electronics, firmware, and software. This paper describes key architecture approaches for such vertical integration from digital-RF co-integration in the IC to API definition in software. The important benefits of low-latency and versatile control of beam forming and radio functions from high-level APIs is illustrated with application examples at 28 GHz including directional channel sounding, spatio-temporal beamforming, and 3D imaging.
trans-Selective sp3 C-H Bond Arylation of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines (2007)

Pyrrolidine and piperidine substrates can be selectively arylated at the α-position in the presence of Ru3(CO)12, an arylboronic ester and a sacrificial ketone via an amidine-directed C-H activation-ketone reduction-transmetallation-C-C bond-formation sequence. This process was also extended to the use of pyridine- and pyrimidine-directing groups. High regioselectivity was observed in all cases giving the 2,5-di­substituted products in good yields, with a preference for formation of the trans isomer, albeit with poor diastereoselectivity in most cases. Control experiments found that in some products, isomerization occurs faster than arylation, and hence it is difficult to improve the selectivity.
Phosphatidylserine Regulation of Ca2+-triggered Exocytosis and Fusion Pores in PC12 Cells (2009)

The synaptic vesicle protein synaptotagmin I (Syt I) binds phosphatidylserine (PS) in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. This interaction is thought to play a role in exocytosis, but its precise functions remain unclear. To determine potential roles for Syt I-PS binding, we varied the PS content in PC12 cells and liposomes and studied the effects on the kinetics of exocytosis and Syt I binding in parallel. Raising PS produced a steeply nonlinear, saturating increase in Ca(2+)-triggered fusion, and a graded slowing of the rate of fusion pore dilation. Ca(2+)-Syt I bound liposomes more tightly as PS content was raised, with a steep increase in binding at low PS, and a further gradual increase at higher PS. These two phases in the PS dependence of Ca(2+)-dependent Syt I binding to lipid may correspond to the two distinct and opposing kinetic effects of PS on exocytosis. PS influences exocytosis in two ways, enhancing an early step leading to fusion pore opening, and slowing a later step when fusion pores dilate. The possible relevance of these results to Ca(2+)-triggered Syt I binding is discussed along with other possible roles of PS.
The cardiolipin-binding peptide elamipretide mitigates fragmentation of cristae networks following cardiac ischemia reperfusion in rats (2020)

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cardiac pathologies. Barriers to new therapies include an incomplete understanding of underlying molecular culprits and a lack of effective mitochondria-targeted medicines. Here, we test the hypothesis that the cardiolipin-binding peptide elamipretide, a clinical-stage compound under investigation for diseases of mitochondrial dysfunction, mitigates impairments in mitochondrial structure-function observed after rat cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. Respirometry with permeabilized ventricular fibers indicates that ischemia-reperfusion induced decrements in the activity of complexes I, II, and IV are alleviated with elamipretide. Serial block face scanning electron microscopy used to create 3D reconstructions of cristae ultrastructure reveals that disease-induced fragmentation of cristae networks are improved with elamipretide. Mass spectrometry shows elamipretide did not protect against the reduction of cardiolipin concentration after ischemia-reperfusion. Finally, elamipretide improves biophysical properties of biomimetic membranes by aggregating cardiolipin. The data suggest mitochondrial structure-function are interdependent and demonstrate elamipretide targets mitochondrial membranes to sustain cristae networks and improve bioenergetic function.
Binuclear platinum diphosphite complexes. Crystal structures of tetrapotassium bromotetrakis(diphosphito)diplatinate trihydrate (K4[Pt2(pop)4Br].3H2O), a new linear chain semiconductor, and tetrapotassium dichlorotetrakis(diphosphito)diplatinate dihydrate (K4[Pt2(pop)4Cl2].2H2O) (1983)

The structures of crystals of K4[Pt2(pop)4Br]·3H2O (pop = (HO2P)2O2-), "Pt2Br", and K4[Pt2(pop)4Cl2]·2H2O, "Pt2Cl2", have been determined. The structure of "Pt2Br" features a symmetric Pt-Br-Pt unit in an infinite linear chain (Pt-Pt-Br-Pt-Pt-Br-; σ∥ = ∼10-4-10-3 Ω-1 cm-1) with d(Pt-Pt) = 2.793 (1) and d(Pt-Br) = 2.699 (1) Å; "Pt2Cl2" is a discrete binuclear ion, with d(Pt-Pt) = 2.695 (1) and d(Pt-Cl) = 2.407 (2) Å. Both Pt-Pt distances are shorter than those (2.925 (1) Å) in K4[Pt2(pop)4]·2H2O, "Pt2"; the order d("Pt2") &gt; d ("Pt2Br") &gt; d("Pt2Cl2") accords with an electronic structural model in which "Pt2" is (dσ)2(dσ*)2 "Pt2Br" is (dσ)2 (dσ*)1, and "Pt2Cl2" is (dσ)2. © 1983 American Chemical Society.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Directed Ortho Metalation ‐ Boronic Acid Cross‐Coupling Reactions. A General Regiospecific Route to Oxygenated Dibenzo(b,d) pyran‐6‐ones Related to Ellagic Acid. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Study on Estimation Errors in ZUPT-Aided Pedestrian Inertial Navigation Due to IMU Noises (2019)

We present a study on the effects of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) noises on the navigation solution uncertainty during zero-velocity-update (ZUPT)-aided pedestrian inertial navigation. The analytically derived attitude, velocity, and position propagation errors reveal that among many IMU noise terms, the dominant factor affecting the accuracy of ZUPT-aided pedestrian navigation is rate random walk of gyroscopes. A numerical simulation has been conducted, showing the discrepancy of less than 10% between the numerical and analytical results, supporting fidelity of the analytical estimates. Experiments have also been conducted, and the results were on the same level of analytical and numerical predictions. This article offers a closed-form analytical prediction for the errors of ZUPT-aided pedestrian inertial navigation due to IMU noises.
Prevalence, associated factors, and comorbidities of tinnitus in adolescents (2020)

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tinnitus among adolescents, and the factors known or hypothesized to be associated with tinnitus. Based on random sampling of school types and regions, a nationwide hearing survey of the first-year middle and high school students of South Korea was performed. The subjects underwent an otologic examination followed by pure tone audiometry up to 8 kHz. Questionnaires about the factors associated with hearing and tinnitus were completed by the students and their parents. Among the 1,593 subjects who completed the questionnaire and underwent pure tone audiometry, the prevalence of tinnitus was 46.0% and that of severe tinnitus was 9.1%. Tinnitus was associated with age, female gender, history of ear infection and sinusitis, leisure noise exposure due to karaoke and local-area-network gaming, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking. Noticeable hearing loss was not detected but participants with tinnitus complained of difficulty with sound localization, hearing in noise, and verbal working memory and were more susceptible to fatigue. The subjects with tinnitus also suffered more physical and mental health problems than did those without tinnitus. Thus, protection of the ears from noise and appropriate counseling should be considered for adolescents with tinnitus.
Exploring Associations Between Cardiac Structure and Retinal Vascular Geometry (2020)

Background Retinal arteriolar narrowing and venular widening has been widely suggested to be associated with subclinical changes in cardiac structure. The novel retinal vascular geometric indices might reflect more comprehensive information on microvasculature other than vascular caliber alone. However, the association between suboptimal retinal vascular geometry and cardiac structural alteration has not been studied. Methods and Results We recruited 50 participants without cardiovascular disease from the Cardiac Aging Study conducted between 2014 and 2016. We performed transthoracic echocardiography imaging to measure cardiac structure indices such as left ventricular internal diameter end diastole index, left ventricular internal diameter end systole index, left ventricular mass index, and left atrial volume index, and retinal imaging to measure retinal vascular geometric indices including branching angle, curvature tortuosity, and fractal dimension. We applied multiple linear regressions to examine associations between indices of cardiac structure and retinal vascular geometry, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, mean blood pressure, and comorbidity. The average age of all participants was 62.54 years old and slightly more than half were male (27; 54%). Each unit increase in a set of cardiac structure indices was associated with larger retinal arteriolar branching angle (β and 95% CI: for left ventricular internal diameter end systole index, 26.93°; 6.00-47.86; for left ventricular internal diameter end diastole index, 17.86°; 1.61-34.11; for left ventricular mass index, 0.39°; 0.10-0.67; for left atrial volume index, 0.91°; 0.24-1.58). Conclusions Adverse retinal arteriolar geometric morphology mirrored suboptimal cardiac structural alteration.
Contribution à l'étude du système quinaire Ca++NHH+NOPOH2O. XII. Le système quaternaire Ca++H+NOPOH2O à 25° (1954)

Abstract 1. Nous communiquons les résultats de 105 déterminations de solubilité concernant le systéme quaternaire á 250°.
<title>Behavior of relaxor single crystals</title> (2002)

The constitutive behavior of relaxor rhombohedral single crystal is discussed in terms of the constitutive behavior of crystal variants. The domain engineered cut gives rise to a stable domain state. Resulting crystal behavior is described. The cut and poled single crystal should display the volume average behavior of single domain crystal variants, but comparison of a crystal variant model with measured properties leads to the identification of inconsistencies. Several possible reasons for these inconsistencies are discussed.
Der Natur auf der Spur: einzigartige Farbanmutungen auf Basis Photonischer Kristalle mit Opalstruktur (2006)

Abstract Seit ihrer theoretischen Beschreibung Ende der Achtziger Jahre sind Photonische Kristalle im Fokus von Wissenschaft und Technik: Diese dem Edelstein Opal ähnlichen Beugungsgitterstrukturen ermöglichen neuartige Farbeffekte und eine Vielzahl interessanter optischer Anwendungen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird ein Prozess beschrieben, der es erstmals ermöglicht, großflächig Photonische Kristalle herzustellen.
Methylation of TFPI-2 is an Early Event of Esophageal Carcinogenesis (2012)

TFPI-2 is frequently methylated in esophageal cancer with a progression tendency. TFPI-2 is a potential tumor suppressor in esophageal cancer.
Heating Systems for Gravity Based Offshore LNG Tank Concrete Structures (2006)

The increased focus on LNG as a vital part of the energy equation around the world has resulted in the development of new concepts for the export, reception, storage, and vaporization of LNG. The offshore located gravity based structures significantly differ from historical methods of cryogenic gas storages, and therefore the heating systems have to be carefully evaluated and selected as its purpose and design differs from that of traditional land-based cryogenic tank base heating systems. This paper offers a brief review of design fundamentals and refers to the latest tools in design such as 3D finite element analysis and other such analytical tools. The paper also offers insights into the application of skin effect heat management systems for heating the offshore gravity based structures. The introduction of cutting-edge technologies in temperature control and monitoring is also introduced as a means of delivering optimum heating to the LNG tanks located on these structures.
Bone Conduction Hearing: Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model of the Human Middle and Inner Ear (2011)

A finite-element (FE) simulation model of a human auditory periphery was developed to gain insight into the fundamental mechanisms of bone conduction (BC) hearing. Three dimensional geometry of middle ear and cochlea including semi-circular canal was obtained by CT images. The simulation effectively focused on the middle ear and then the cochlea fluid-inertial BC component. The FE model was first tuned and validated against various frequency responses available from the literature. The characteristics of various cochlear response quantities such as the basilar membrane (BM) displacement, window volume velocities, and cochlear fluid pressure were examined for both BC and air conduction (AC) excitations. Especially, the decomposition analysis was applied to window volume velocities and cochlear fluid pressures to separate them into anti-symmetric and symmetric components. The preliminary result shows that the BM vibration is driven by the part of the fluid pressure that is anti-symmetric (i.e. differential slow wave) with respect to the BM, which is generated by the anti-symmetric window volume velocity.
Mechanism of Precursor Blocking by Acetylacetone Inhibitor Molecules during Area-Selective Atomic Layer Deposition of SiO2 (2020)

Area-selective atomic layer deposition (ALD) is currently attracting significant interest as a solution to the current challenges in alignment that limit the development of sub-5 nm technology nodes in nanoelectronics. Development of area-selective ALD processes with high selectivity requires understanding of the mechanisms involved in the loss of selectivity. In this work, the use of acetylacetone (Hacac) inhibitor molecules in ABC-type cycles for area-selective ALD of SiO2 is investigated as a model system to gain insights into precursor blocking. In situ infrared spectroscopy measurements show that at saturation, Hacac adsorbs in a mixture of chelate and monodentate bonding configurations. Hacac adsorbates in monodentate configuration were found to desorb as a result of purging or to be displaced by bis(diethylamino)silane (BDEAS) precursor dosing and therefore significantly contribute to the loss of selectivity during area-selective ALD. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the observed displacement reactions originate from attractive interactions between BDEAS precursor molecules and Hacac adsorbates in monodentate configuration. Moreover, the DFT calculations show that the strength of this interaction is dependent on the chemical structure of the precursor molecule. The obtained insights indicate that careful selection of both inhibitor and precursor molecules is required to improve the selectivity of area-selective ALD.
Survey of modern approaches of education in power electronics (2003)

This paper introduces a new software tool "iPES - Interactive Power Electronics Seminar" for teaching and self-studying power electronics. iPES consists of HTML text where Java-applets (small programs) are inserted which are used for interactive animation and simulation of power electronic circuits and electrical machines. The whole tool does need just a standard web-browser and is fully independent of the underlying operating system. No software installation is required, and all interactive Java programs are written with the focus on very easy usage. The tool is available at www.ipes.ethz.ch in English, German and Japanese, can be accessed via the World Wide Web or used with a CD-ROM in a stand-alone PC.