gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IGFBP2 Is Neither Sufficient nor Necessary for the Physiological Actions of Leptin on Glucose Homeostasis in Male ob/ob Mice (2014)

The ability of leptin to improve metabolic abnormalities in models of leptin deficiency, lipodystrophy, and even type 1 diabetes is of significant interest. However, the mechanism by which leptin mediates these effects remains ill-defined. Leptin was recently reported to regulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP2), and adenoviral overexpression of pharmacological levels of IGFBP2 ameliorates diabetic symptoms in many models of diabetes. We sought to determine the role of physiological levels of IGFBP2 in the glucoregulatory action of leptin. To investigate whether physiological levels of IGFBP2 are sufficient to mimic the action of leptin, we treated male ob/ob mice with low-dose IGFBP2 adenovirus (Ad-IGFBP2) or low-dose leptin. Despite similar levels of circulating IGFBP2, leptin but not Ad-IGFBP2 lowered body weight and plasma insulin and improved glucose and insulin tolerance. To elucidate the role of IGFBP2 in normal glucose homeostasis, we knocked down IGFBP2 in male C57BL/6 mice using small interfering RNA to determine whether this would recapitulate any aspect of the ob/ob phenotype. Despite successful IGFBP2 knockdown, body weight, blood glucose, and plasma insulin were unchanged. Finally, to determine whether IGFBP2 is required for the glucoregulatory actions of leptin, we prevented leptin-mediated increases in IGFBP2 in male ob/ob mice using RNA interference. Even though increases in IGFBP2 were blocked, the ability of leptin to decrease body weight, blood glucose, and plasma insulin levels were unaltered. In conclusion, physiological levels of IGFBP2 are neither sufficient to mimic nor required for the physiological action of leptin.
Experimental Study of the Effects of an Oscillating Approach Flow on Overall Cooling Performance of a Simulated Turbine Blade Leading Edge (2009)

When a turbine blade passes through wakes from upstream vanes it is subjected to an oscillation of the direction of the approach flow resulting in the oscillation of the position of the stagnation line on the leading edge of the blade. In this study an experimental facility was developed that induced a similar oscillation of the stagnation line position on a simulated turbine blade leading edge. The overall effectiveness was evaluated at various blowing ratios and stagnation line oscillation frequencies. The location of the stagnation line on the leading edge was oscillated to simulate a change in angle of attack between α = ± 5° at a range of frequencies from 2 to 20 Hz. These frequencies were chosen based on matching a range of Strouhal numbers typically seen in an engine due to oscillations caused by passing wakes. The blowing ratio was varied between M = 1, M = 2, and M = 3. These experiments were carried out at a density ratio of DR = 1.5 and mainstream turbulence levels of Tu ≈ 6%. The leading edge model was made of high conductivity epoxy in order to match the Biot number of an actual engine airfoil. Results of these tests showed that the film cooling performance with an oscillating stagnation line was degraded by as much as 25% compared to the performance of a steady flow with the stagnation line aligned with the row of holes at the leading edge.
Refinación del aceite rojo de palma (1998)

Se ha desarrollado un proceso para la refinacion de aceite de palma crudo para producir aceite rojo de palma sin destruir los carotenos. El proceso involucra un tratamiento previo de aceite de palma crudo, seguido por la desacidificacion y desodorizacion, utilizando destilacion molecular. El aceite rojo de palma producido tiene menos del 0,1% de acidos grasos libres y retiene mas de 80% de los carotenos originales y la vitamina E presentes originalmente en el aceite de palma refinado, blanqueado y desodorizado, en terminos de acidos grasos libres y del valor de peroxido. El perfil de carotenos de aceite rojo de palma mostro que la mayoria de los carotenos fueron retenidos. EL proceso ha sido comercializado y se espera que el producto salga pronto al mercado.
Generation and Evaluation of Lunar Dust Adhesion Mitigating Materials (2011)

Particulate contamination is of concern in a variety of environments. This issue is especially important in confined spaces with highly controlled atmospheres such as space exploration vehicles involved in extraterrestrial surface missions. Lunar dust was a significant challenge for the Apollo astronauts and will be of greater concern for longer duration, future missions. Passive mitigation strategies, those not requiring external energy, may decrease some of these concerns, and have been investigated in this work. A myriad of approaches to modify the surface chemistry and topography of a variety of substrates was investigated. These involved generation of novel materials, photolithographic techniques, and other template approaches. Additionally, single particle and multiple particle methods to quantitatively evaluate the particle-substrate adhesion interactions were developed.
Strange Fizzical Attraction. 2004 James Flack Norris Award, sponsored by the Northeastern Section of the ACS (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommentaryNEXTStrange Fizzical Attraction. 2004 James Flack Norris Award, sponsored by the Northeastern Section of the ACSRichard N. Zare View Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 5, 673Publication Date (Web):May 1, 2005Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 May 2005Published inissue 1 May 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/ed082p673Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (288 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Bubbles,Hydrodynamics,Liquids Get e-Alerts
A human ectopic-lymphoid-follicle-on-a-chip for testing vaccines and adjuvants (2022)

Abstract New vaccine candidates evaluated in animals can lead to unpredicted toxicities or poor efficacy in human clinical trials due to species-specific differences in immune responses. To address this problem, we developed the human ectopic lymphoid follicle (LF) chip containing primary human immune cells, including autologous blood B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells, cultured in a three-dimensional extracellular matrix (ECM) gel within an organ-on-a-chip microfluidic device. Superfusion via a parallel channel separated by a microporous membrane is required for LF formation and prevents lymphocyte autoactivation. These germinal center-like LFs contain B cells expressing activation-induced cytidine deaminase and exhibit plasma cell differentiation upon activation. Increased basal lymphocyte proliferation is observed in the human LF chip as compared to conventional 2D cultures lacking ECM or perfusion. The human LF chips demonstrated improved antibody responses to split virion influenza vaccination compared to conventional planar 2D cultures, which were enhanced by the addition of a squalene-in-water emulsion (SWE) adjuvant, and this was accompanied by increases in LF size and number. To extend this work, we modelled intramuscular vaccination by co-culturing monocytes with muscle cells in the presence of different vaccines and adjuvants. We found that presence of muscle cells can promote cytokine production, antigen uptake and monocyte activation. Seeding these monocytes into the LF chips with autologous T and B cells could promote cytokine production and LF formation, which extends the LF chips usage for testing intramuscular vaccination. Supported by grants from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-12-2-0036, the National Institutes of Health grant UG3HL141797, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering.
Performance Study Involving a Force-Reflecting Joystick for Spastic Individuals Performing two Types of Tracking Tasks (1995)

10 upper-extremity spastic subjects and 10 normal subjects were studied with a force-reflecting joystick in the performance of a continuous time-tracking task as well as an acquisition task termed, “Fitts’ Law.” Certain force-reflection paradigms, in a spatial sense, allowed the spastic subjects to obtain performance proficiency near levels of the normal subjects as measured by a capacity metric.
A COMPARISON OF SERUM OESTROGEN LEVELS AFTER PERCUTANEOUS AND ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRADIOL‐17β (1981)

Equivalent doses of oestradiol-17 beta were given orally and percutaneously to eight post-menopausal women and three men. The resultant serum levels of unconjugated immunoreactive oestrogens and total oestrone were followed during 48 hours after hormone administration. A single percutaneous dose of 4 mg oestradiol-17 beta resulted in increased serum levels of oestradiol-17 beta in all individuals. Compared to oral administration the increase in serum oestrogen levels was quite slow and they were maintained for 48 hours. In contrast to the rapid and very marked increase in serum total oestrone following oral administration of oestradiol-17 beta, only a moderate increase was obtained after percutaneous administration and there was a tendency to a biphasic pattern. Topical administration of oestradiol-17 beta might have physiological advantages as the steroid will reach the peripheral circulation without passing the entero-hepatic circulation.
Bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(0) (2001)

[33991-60-5] C36H30NiP2 (MW 538.27) InChI = 1S/2C18H15P.Ni/c2*1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18;/h2*1-15H; InChIKey = UYLRKRLDQUXYKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (source of nickel(0) useful for the formation of carbonates from epoxides2 and the coupling of alkenyl boranes with allylic epoxides3) Physical Data: mp 155–157 °C dec. (N2). Solubility: sol benzene, toluene, MeCN, THF. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR: (C6D6) δ 7.67 (m), 7.13 (m); 31P NMR: (C6D6) δ −22 ppm from (MeO)3PO. Preparative Methods: by the Sodium Amalgam reduction of Dibromobis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II).4 In the standard preparation, 22.3 g of Ni(PPh3)2Br2 were added to a mixture of sodium amalgam (1.73 g Na, 0.075 g-atom in 300 mL Hg) and 500 mL acetonitrile. After removal of Hg and solvent, the precipitate was dissolved in benzene to remove the insoluble Hg occluded NaBr. Concentration of the dark brown benzene solution in vacuo gave 13–15 g of red-brown Ni(PPh3)2 (74–84%) which could be used without further purification. Optional recrystallization from benzene (or toluene)/hexane is possible but significant loss of the product occurs due to high solubility. Sodium amalgam reductions of similar systems have been problematic and n‐Butyllithium was found to be a superior reducing agent.5 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: highly oxygen sensitive. Special inert-atmosphere techniques must be used.6 Should be stored at 0 °C.
Coopérer en conception pour améliorer lessupply chainsde demain. Un défi pour les entreprises virtuelles (2005)

Cooprer en conception pour amliorer les supply chains de demain Un dfi pour les entreprises virtuelles 13/Calvi/156 17/06/05 12:17 Page 187 Cet article des Editions Lavoisier est disponible en acces libre et gratuit sur archives-rfg.revuesonline.com 1. Pour Frry (2001), une entreprise virtuelle peut se dfinir comme un rseau de firmes indpendantes mettant en commun leurs ressources et comptences au sein d'une mme chane de valeur. 2. Selon Ulrich et Eppinger (2003), l'architecture dfinit la construction physique du produit en termes de blocs (dfinis eux mme par une fonctionnalit) et d'interface entre ces blocs. 13/Calvi/156 17/06/05 12:16 Page 188 Cet article des Editions Lavoisier est disponible en acces libre et gratuit sur archives-rfg.revuesonline.com 5. Une architecture modulaire idale a pour proprit d'avoir des blocs mono-fonctionnels et une dfinition claire des interactions interblocs. La modularit est une caractristique fondamentale de l'architecture.
TGF-β signaling in dendritic cells is a prerequisite for the control of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2008)

One unresolved issue in immune tolerance is what prevents self-reactive T cells from activation. In this study, we used a transgenic mouse model of targeted functional inactivation of TGF-betaR signaling in CD11c(+) cells (CD11c(dnR) mice) and showed a direct impact on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found that MOG(35-55) immunization of CD11c(dnR) mice results in strong inflammation of CNS, high frequency of T cells in CNS, increased levels of T helper 1 (T(H)1) and T(H)17 cytokines in the periphery, and lack of remission from EAE. Once crossed with mice prone to autoimmunity, double-transgenic CD11c(dnR)Mog(TCR) mice revealed a spontaneous EAE-like disease characterized by early infiltration of activated myelin-specific T cells into CNS, activation of microglial cells, inflammation of CNS, dysfunction of locomotion, and premature death. We constructed chimeric mice and demonstrated that inactivation of TGF-betaR signaling in dendritic cells (DCs) results in augmented EAE-associated T cell responses. Our data provide direct evidence that TGF-beta can control autoimmunity via actions on DCs.
Laboratory parameter‐based machine learning model for excluding non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population (2017)

NAFLD ridge score is a simple and robust reference comparable to existing NAFLD scores to exclude NAFLD patients in epidemiological studies.
On the Electrostatic Discharge Robustness of Graphene (2014)

A comprehensive study of electrostatic discharge (ESD) characterization of atomically thin graphene is reported. In a material comprising only a few atomic layers, the thermally destructive second breakdown transmission line pulsing (TLP) current (It2) reaches a remarkable 4 mA/μm for 100-ns TLP and ~8 mA/μm for 10-ns TLP or an equivalent current density of ~3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> and 4.6 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively. For ~5-nm thick (~15 layers) graphene film, It2 reaches 7.4 mA/μm for 100-ns pulse. The fact that failure occurs within the graphene and not at the contacts indicates that intrinsic breakdown properties of this new material can be appropriately characterized using short-pulse stressing. Moreover, unique gate biasing effects are observed that can be exploited for novel applications including robust ESD protection designs for advanced semiconductor products. This demonstration of graphene's outstanding robustness against high-current/ESD pulses also establishes its unique potential as transparent electrodes in a variety of applications.
Expression of homeobox gene-GBX2 in human prostatic cancer cells (1996)

Our results suggest that the homeobox gene GBX2 may participate in metastatic progression in prostatic cancer.
Synthesis Of Cubane Based High Energy Materials (1988)

The objective of this research is to develop new methods for the functionalization of the cubane nucleus and to synthesize energetic cubanes for use as energetic propellants and explosives. Recent achievements in this program include a high yield synthesis of dinitrocubane, a new preparation of cubane-1,3-diacid, and synthesises of cubane-1,2,4,7- tetraacid, cubane-1,2,4,7-tetraisocyanate, 1,2,4,7-tetraaminocubane tetrahydrochloride, and a propellanocubane. We have developed new methods of cubane functionalization, and the first preparation of energetic polynitrocubanes; cubane-1,2,4,7-tetrakis(B,B,B-fluorodinitroethylester), cubane-1,4-bis(B,B,B-trinitroethylester), cubane-1,2,4,7- tetrakis(B,B,B-trinitroethylester), N,M-bis-1,4-(B,B,13-fluorodinitroethylamino)cubane, and N-nitro-N&apos;-nitroso-bis-1,4-(B,B,B-fluorodinitroethylamino)cubane.
IMT-2000 (2005)

The 21st century will be a multimedia society, in which a combination of mobile communications and the Internet will play an important role. One good example is the success of the mobile Internet services called “i-mode services” provided by PDC (Japanese digital cellular standard) systems in Japan. Richer services will be provided by the third generation (3G) mobile communications systems, IMT-2000, which will be deployed around 2001–2002. Up to a 2-Mbps data transfer rate will be available and rich information, a mixture of text and images, will be transferred to mobile users with much better representation compared to present 2G systems. In this article, we see that providing Internet services will become of great importance. We look at how wireless access technologies are evolving and introduce IMT-2000 standardization activities targeting the global IMT-2000 or global 3G standard. Wideband DS-CDMA (W-CDMA) will be a major component of the global 3G standard. We introduce W-CDMA technology and present experimental results that show its effectiveness. Finally, we address advanced wireless techniques, i.e., interference cancellation and adaptive antenna array techniques that can enhance W-CDMA at a later date.
Polymorphous/Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells:Optimization on Monocrystalline Silicon (2008)

It has been shown recently that, on p-type c-Si, the use of an ultra-thin (3 nm) undoped (so-called intrinsic) hydrogenated polymorphous silicon (pm-Si:H) layer followed by a thin (8 nm) n-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer allows one to obtain a good passivation and to form a good quality emitter in (n) a-Si:H / (i) pm-Si:H / (p) c-Si heterojunction solar cells. Efficiencies of about 16.8% had been demonstrated with this type of emitter [1]. We here extend our study to the ability of (n) a-Si:H / (i) pm-Si:H stacks to form a good passivation and a high quality back surface field when deposited onto n-type c-Si wafers. We then turn to the influence of the undoped pm-Si:H buffer layer when it is coupled with p-type a-Si:H to form a p-type emitter on an n-type c-Si wafer or when such a double layer association is used as a back surface field on a p-type c-Si wafer. Passivation properties are determined by QSSPC measurements, while coplanar conductance measurements bring additional information on the interface quality. We pay a particular attention to the effect of the deposition temperature, as well as to the effects of post-annealing on the passivation quality. Finally, the influence of the thickness of the undoped polymorphous and of the doped amorphous layers are considered.
Rectifier Design Using Distributed Greinacher Voltage Multiplier for High Frequency Wireless Power Transmission (2014)

This paper discusses the design of a high frequency Greinacher voltage multiplier as rectifier; it has a greater conversion efficiency and higher output direct current (DC) voltage at high power compared to a simple halfwave rectifier. Multiple diodes in the Greinacher voltage multiplier with distributed circuits consume excited power to the rectifier equally, thereby increasing the overall power capacity of the rectifier system. The proposed rectifiers are a Greinacher voltage doubler and a Greinacher voltage quadrupler, which consist of only diodes and distributed circuits for high frequency applications. For each rectifier, the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency and output DC voltage for each input power and load resistance are analyzed for the maximum conversion efficiency. The input power with maximum conversion efficiency of the designed Greinacher voltage doubler and quadrupler is 3 and 7 dB higher, respectively;than that of the halfwave rectifier.
A General Carboxylate‐Assisted Approach to Boost the ORR Performance of ZIF‐Derived Fe/N/C Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2021)

Abstract An Fe/N/C catalyst derived from the pyrolysis of metal–organic frameworks, for example, a zeolitic‐imidazolate‐framework‐8 (ZIF‐8), has been regarded as one of the most promising non‐precious metal catalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, its ORR mass activity is still much inferior to that of Pt, partly because of the lack of general and efficient synthetic strategies. Herein, a general carboxylate‐assisted strategy that dramatically enhances the ORR mass activity of ZIF‐derived Fe/N/C catalysts is reported. The carboxylate is found to promote the formation of Fe/N/C catalysts with denser accessible active sites and entangled carbon nanotubes, as well as a higher mesoporosity. These structural advantages make the carboxylate‐assisted Fe/N/C catalysts show a 2–10 fold higher ORR mass activity than the common carboxylate‐free one in various cases. When applied in H 2 –O 2 PEMFCs, the active acetate‐assisted Fe/N/C catalyst generates a peak power density of 1.33 W cm −2 , a new record of peak power density for a H 2 –O 2 PEMFC with non‐Pt ORR catalysts.
Synchronization and Phase Noise Reduction in Arrays of Optomechanical Oscillators (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Zhang and M. Lipson, "Synchronization and Phase Noise Reduction in Arrays of Optomechanical Oscillators," in CLEO: 2015, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper STh3I.6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Highly doped thin-channel GaN-metal–semiconductor field-effect transistors (2001)

We report on the influence of the channel doping on dc, high frequency, and noise performance of GaN metal–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs) grown on sapphire substrates. The devices with the channel thicknesses from 50 to 70 nm and doping levels up to 1.5×1018 cm−3 were investigated. An increase in the channel doping results in the improved dc characteristics, higher cutoff, and maximum oscillation frequencies, and reduced low frequency and microwave noise. The obtained results demonstrate that the dc and microwave performance characteristics of short-channel GaN MESFETs may be comparable to those for conventional AlGaN/GaN heterostructure FETs.
Analysis of the wetting state of super-repellent fabrics with liquids of varying surface tension (2016)

A super-repellent fabric was fabricated using oxygen plasma etching and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and the influence of dual roughness on wettability in micro and nano-scale structures was analysed.