gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasmon-enhanced terahertz near-field microscopy for nanometer-scale sensing (2008)

The detection of trace quantities of aromatic compounds is important to defense and security
applications, including the detection of CB agents, explosives, and other substances. These pose
threats to forces and the environment. This paper explores an approach to the detection and
identification of quantities as little as single molecules of explosives. It can in principle provide
instant warning.
Apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy (ANSOM) is one of several promising
methods for obtaining spatial resolution below the diffraction limit at various wavelengths,
including in the terahertz regime. By scattering incident light off the junction between a probe
with a sub-wavelength tip and the surface of a sample, spatial resolution on the order of the tip
size can be obtained. For terahertz time-domain spectroscopy where the wavelength-limited
resolution is ~1 millimeter, this is a significant advantage.
In the case of a sufficiently small probe tip and a thin metallic substrate, plasmonic interaction
between the tip and sample provides an enhancement of the near-field in the junction. This
effect is dramatically enhanced for nanometer-scale metal layers, since surface plasmon states
from both sides of the film can contribute to the overall field enhancement.
We present preliminary results of THz plasmonic field enhancements, using a thin (500 nm) gold
film evaporated on glass. We observe an enhancement in the scattered THz wave, which we
attribute to the large density of plasmonic states extending throughout the THz range. This result
indicates a route to single-molecule spectroscopy at terahertz frequencies.
TOXICITY EVALUATION OF TWO BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE POLYOXOTUNGSTATES (2018)

Introduction. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are negatively charged inorganic aggregates that possess potential antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic and antiviral effects. Although toxicity evaluation of drug candidates is necessary, reports of relevant toxicological studies of these compounds are relatively rare. Aims. Since our preliminary results demonstrated biological activities of the donut-shaped POM {NaP5W30} (POM1) and the Ag + -containing derivative POM {AgP5W30} (POM2), the aim of present study was to evaluate their toxicological effects in vivo, using Wistar albino rats as an experimental model. Methods. Animals (n = 6 per group) were orally treated with investigated POMs in daily doses of 20 mg/kg body weight for 14 days when the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected. The biochemical markers of renal (serum concentrations of urea - SUr and creatinine - SCr) and liver function (serum concentrations of total protein–TP and albumin - Alb, serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase - AST and alanine transaminase - ALT) were determined spectrophotometrically. Results. The POM1 and POM2 were induced statistically significant increasing of SUr (in: mmol/L) (7.95 ± 0.35 and 6.83 ± 0.26 vs. 4.97 ± 0.47; p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively) and SCr (in: mmol/L) (41.34 ± 0.84 and 39.06 ± 1.07 vs. 32.27 ± 0.61; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) compared to the control group. Also, investigated compounds induced statistically significant decreasing of TP (in: g/L) (60.16 ± 1.43 and 58.53 ± 0.81 vs. 67.86 ± 0.03; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and Alb (in: g/L) (29.34 ± 0.58 and 29.45 ± 0.81 vs. 34.89 ± 0.41; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) compared to the control group. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference in AST and ALT between the untreated and treated groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Obtained results suggested that both investigated POMs induce kidney injury as well as synthetic dysfunction of liver. Thus, their potential clinical application would require a more complex toxicological study.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Eye: Biochemical Mechanisms of Action and Implications for Novel Therapies. (1998)

Ophthalmic complications arising from pathologic intraocular neovascularization are responsible for the majority of visual loss in most developed countries. Among the many disorders associated with intraocular neovascularization are retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. These conditions are the leading causes of blindness among infants, those of working age and the elderly, respectively. For nearly half a century the clinical findings associated with these conditions have suggested that the action of growth factors may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. However, the exact molecules involved and their mechanisms of action have remained incompletely understood. Recently, studies have begun to elucidate the major molecules and intracellular pathways involved in regulating neovascular eye disorders. Vascular endothelial growth factor has been implicated as a major mediator of intraocular neovascularization and permeability. The recent insights into the mechanisms of intraocular angiogenesis have provided new targets for novel nondestructive therapeutic agents directed toward preventing the visual loss associated with ophthalmic neovascular disorders.
問題解決と意思決定 : ケプナー・トリゴーの思考技術 (1998)

序章 「ビジネスの聖杯」を手に入れるために 第１章 旧世代の経営者 第２章 状況把握—進路をはっきりさせる 第３章 問題分析「なぜ」に対する果てしなき探究 第４章 決定分析—ナノセカンド世界での決定の足手まとい 第５章 潜在的問題・潜在的好機分析—未来恐怖症の治療薬 第６章 データ過多を克服する 第７章 チームとクリティカル・シンキングプロセス 第８章 システム思考 どうして簡単にできないのか 第９章 意思決定における直観と理性 第１０章 正しい質問をする 第１１章 意思決定にかかわる価値観 第１２章 自由に動くために
Identifying Phishing Threats in Government Web Services (2012)

The governmental use of Web technologies, including e-Government, has many advantages for citizens, but progress in this relationship has highlighted information security as an important issue in preserving a citizen’s privacy. Unfortunately, unique governmental characteristics lead users to authenticate its service unwillingly; users may investigate service’s possible and likely vulnerabilities carelessly when perceiving trustworthiness. In this paper, we study a threat model about how government Web services become privacy leak targets, especially through phishing attacks. We identify three service characteristics, sensitivity, involuntarity, and linkability, and illustrate how phishers can effectively exploit these characteristics. Furthermore, we conducted a real phishing attack experiment, hijacking a government-certified commercial service in South Korea to complete our investigation. Finally, we propose mitigation strategies for building a trustworthy government Web service against phishing attacks.
Stereoselective Incorporation of Isoleucine into Cypridina Luciferin inCypridina hilgendorfii(Vargula hilgendorfii) (2006)

The emission of light in the marine ostracod Cypridina hilgendorfii (presently Vargula hilgendorfii) is produced by the Cypridina luciferin-luciferase reaction in the presence of molecular oxygen. Cypridina luciferin has an asymmetric carbon derived from isoleucine, and the absolute configuration is identical to the C-3 position in L-isoleucine or D-alloisoleucine. To determine the stereoselective incorporation of the isoleucine isomers (L-isoleucine, D-isoleucine, L-alloisoleucine, and D-alloisoleucine), we synthesized four (2)H-labeled isoleucine isomers and examined their incorporation into Cypridina luciferin by feeding experiments. Judging by these results, L-isoleucine is predominantly incorporated into Cypridina luciferin. This suggests that the isoleucine unit of Cypridina luciferin is derived from L-isoleucine, but not from D-alloisoleucine.
Azelnidipine inhibits the sympathetic nerve activity and improves baroreflex control of heart rate via anti‐oxidant effect in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (2008)

Azelnidipine (AZL), a long‐acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is known to inhibit sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). We previously demonstrated that oxidative stress in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in the brainstem causes the sympathetic hyperactivity. The aim of this study was to determine whether AZL inhibits the SNA and improves the baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) via anti‐oxidant effect in the RVLM. AZL (20 mg/kg/day, n=5) or hydralazine (HYD; 20 mg/kg/day, n=5) was orally administered for 30 days in stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) levels in the RVLM were measured as a marker of oxidative stress. Reductions in SBP were similar between the two groups (−32±11mmHg vs −28±9mmHg, ns). HR increased significantly in HYD but did not change in AZL. Urinary norepinephrine excretion (UNE), measured as a marker of SNA, decreased significantly in AZL (−0.25±0.06μg, P&lt;0.01), whereas increased significantly in HYD. BRS, measured by sequence method, was significantly improved in AZL to a great extent than in HYD (8±2ms/mmHg vs 4±2ms/mmHg, P&lt;0.05). TBARS levels in the RVLM decreased significantly in AZL (−0.21±0.09 μmol/g wet wt, P&lt;0.01) but not in HYD. In conclusion, azelnidipine inhibits the SNA and improves the BRS possibly via its anti‐oxidant effect in the RVLM.
De diastolische linkerventrikelfunctie (2015)

De diastolische linkerventrikelfunctie is een weergave van de wijze waarop de linker ventrikel zich ontspant. De (mechanische) diastole begint met de sluiting van de aortaklep en eindigt op het moment dat de mitralisklep sluit. In deze periode vindt de vulling van de linker ventrikel met bloed plaats. Afwijkingen van de diastolische linkerventrikelfunctie worden steeds vaker (h)erkend als een oorzaak van klachten van de patiënt en zijn belangrijke voorspellers van de prognose bij de patiënt met een hartziekte. De diastolische linkerventrikelfunctie is echter een complex fenomeen, dat wordt beïnvloed door verschillende factoren zoals volume, elasticiteit, compliantie en leeftijd. Er zijn allerlei ziektebeelden die op verschillende wijze de diastolische functie van de linker ventrikel kunnen beïnvloeden. De bepalingen die we beschikbaar hebben voor de beoordeling van de diastolische functie worden ook door andere factoren beïnvloed, zoals de preload. Dit maakt het interpreteren van de parameters van de diastolische linkerventrikelfunctie lastig. Dit hoofdstuk gaat uitgebreid in op de oorzaken van diastolische disfunctie, op de parameters die bij echocardiografie en Doppler kunnen worden bepaald om de diastolische functie van de linker ventrikel te beoordelen, en op de wijze waarop deze parameters moeten worden geïnterpreteerd.
Expression, regulation and activity of a B2-type cyclin in mitotic and endoreduplicating maize endosperm (2014)

Cyclin-dependent kinases, the master regulators of the eukaryotic cell cycle, are complexes comprised of a catalytic serine/threonine protein kinase and an essential regulatory cyclin. The maize genome encodes over 50 cyclins grouped in different types, but they have been little investigated. We characterized a type B2 cyclin (CYCB2;2) during maize endosperm development, which comprises a cell proliferation phase based on the standard mitotic cell cycle, followed by an endoreduplication phase in which DNA replication is reiterated in the absence of mitosis or cytokinesis. CYCB2;2 RNA was present throughout the period of endosperm development studied, but its level declined as the endosperm transitioned from a mitotic to an endoreduplication cell cycle. However, the level of CYCB2;2 protein remained relatively constant during both stages of endosperm development. CYCB2;2 was recalcitrant to degradation by the 26S proteasome in endoreduplicating endosperm extracts, which could explain its sustained accumulation during endosperm development. In addition, although CYCB2;2 was generally localized to the nucleus of endosperm cells, a lower molecular weight form of the protein accumulated specifically in the cytosol of endoreduplicating endosperm cells. In dividing cells, CYCB2;2 appeared to be localized to the phragmoplast and may be involved in cytokinesis and cell wall formation. Kinase activity was associated with CYCB2;2 in mitotic endosperm, but was absent or greatly reduced in immature ear and endoreduplicating endosperm. CYCB2;2-associated kinase phosphorylated maize E2F1 and the "pocket" domains of RBR1 and RBR3. CYCB2;2 interacted with both maize CDKA;1 and CDKA;3 in insect cells. These results suggest CYCB2;2 functions primarily during the mitotic cell cycle, and they are discussed in the context of the roles of cyclins, CDKs and proteasome activity in the regulation of the cell cycle during endosperm development.
Revisiting selected ethical aspects of current clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF) practice (2022)

Ethical considerations are central to all medicine though, likely, nowhere more essential than in the practice of reproductive endocrinology and infertility. Through in vitro fertilization (IVF), this is the only field in medicine involved in creating human life. IVF has, indeed, so far led to close to 10 million births worldwide. Yet, relating to substantial changes in clinical practice of IVF, the medical literature has remained surprisingly quiet over the last two decades. Major changes especially since 2010, however, call for an updated commentary. Three key changes deserve special notice: Starting out as a strictly medical service, IVF in recent years, in efforts to expand female reproductive lifespans in a process given the term "planned" oocyte cryopreservation, increasingly became more socially motivated. The IVF field also increasingly underwent industrialization and commoditization by outside financial interests. Finally, at least partially driven by industrialization and commoditization, so-called add-ons, the term describing mostly unvalidated tests and procedures added to IVF since 2010, have been held responsible for worldwide declines in fresh, non-donor live birthrates after IVF, to levels not seen since the mid-1990s. We here, therefore, do not offer a review of bioethical considerations regarding IVF as a fertility treatment, but attempt to point out ethical issues that arose because of major recent changes in clinical IVF practice.
The effect of patterns on thermal stress during rapid thermal processing of silicon wafers (1998)

The presence of patterns can lead to temperature nonuniformity and undesirable levels of thermal stress in silicon wafers during rapid thermal processing (RTP). Plastic deformation of the wafer can lead to production problems such as photolithography overlay errors and degraded device performance. In this work, the transient temperature fields in patterned wafers are simulated using a detailed finite-element-based reactor transport model coupled with a thin film optics model for predicting the effect of patterns on the wafer radiative properties. The temperature distributions are then used to predict the stress fields in the wafer and the onset of plastic deformation. Results show that pattern-induced temperature nonuniformity can cause plastic deformation during RTP, and that the problem is exacerbated by single-side heating, increased processing temperature, and increased ramp rate. Pattern effects can be mitigated by stepping the die pattern out to the edge of the wafer or by altering the thin film stack on the wafer periphery to make the radiative properties across the wafer more uniform.
Induction of apoptosis and G2/M arrest by 2-methoxyestradiol in human cervical cancer HeLaS3 cells. (2004)

2-ME induced apoptosis via the iNOS pathway and caused G2/M cell cycle arrest in human cervical cancer HeLaS3 cells, but showed only slight effects on normal cervical epithelial cells. These data suggest that 2-ME might be an adjuvant agent in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Distinct Effects of Ligand-Induced PDGFRα and PDGFRβ Signaling in the Human Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cell and Stroma Cell Compartments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 78K&lt;/p&gt;
5G Radio Network Design for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (2018)

5G is currently being standardized and addresses, among other things, new URLLC services. These are characterized by the need to support reliable communication, where successful data transmission can be guaranteed within low latency bounds, like 1 ms, at a low failure rate. This article describes the functionality of both the NR and LTE radio interfaces to provide URLLC services. Achievable latency bounds are evaluated, and the expected spectral efficiency is demonstrated. It is shown that both NR and LTE can fulfill the ITU 5G requirements on URLLC; however, this comes at the cost of reduced spectral efficiency compared to mobile broadband services without latency or reliability constraints. Still, the impact on the overall network performance is expected to be moderate.
Orientation‐Controlled Selective‐Area Epitaxy of III–V Nanowires on (001) Silicon for Silicon Photonics (2020)

Abstract Monolithic integration of III–V nanowires on silicon platforms has been regarded as a promising building block for many on‐chip optoelectronic, nanophotonic, and electronic applications. Although great advances have been made from fundamental material engineering to realizing functional devices, one of the remaining challenges for on‐chip applications is that the growth direction of nanowires on Si(001) substrates is difficult to control. Here, catalyst‐free selective‐area epitaxy of nanowires on (001)‐oriented silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) substrates with the nanowires aligned to desired directions is proposed and demonstrated. This is enabled by exposing {111} planes on (001) substrates using wet chemical etching, followed by growing nanowires on the exposed planes. The formation of nanowire array‐based bottom‐up photonic crystal cavities on SOI(001) and their coupling to silicon waveguides and grating couplers, which support the feasibility for on‐chip photonic applications are demonstrated. The proposed method of integrating position‐ and orientation‐controllable nanowires on Si(001) provides a new degree of freedom in combining functional and ultracompact III–V devices with mature silicon platforms.
Generation and Screening of Pichia pastoris Strains with Enhanced Protein Production by Use of Microengraving (2011)

The selection of highly productive cell lines remains a key step for manufacturing therapeutic proteins. Microengraving was used to screen chemically mutagenized populations of Pichia pastoris for increased production of an Fc fragment. Clones retrieved following three rounds of mutagenesis yielded titers 2.65-fold greater than those of the parental strain.
Apparatus and method for temperature mapping a turbine component in a high temperature combustion environment (2023)

Method and system for calibrating a thermal radiance map of a turbine component in a combustion environment. At least one spot (18) of material is disposed on a surface of the component. An infrared (IR) imager (14) is arranged so that the spot is within a field of view of the imager to acquire imaging data of the spot. A processor (30) is configured to process the imaging data to generate a sequence of images as a temperature of the combustion environment is increased. A monitor (42, 44) may be coupled to the processor to monitor the sequence of images of to determine an occurrence of a physical change of the spot as the temperature is increased. A calibration module (46) may be configured to assign a first temperature value to the surface of the turbine component when the occurrence of the physical change of the spot is determined.
Ferrielectric and antiferroelectric properties of a fluoro-substituted biphenyl ester (1993)

The material (R)-1-methylheptyl 4-(4′-n-dodecyloxybiphenyl-4-ylcarbonyloxy)-3-fluorobenzoate has been prepared and its liquid-crystalline properties investigated. This material was selected for synthesis because it was expected to exhibit a ferroelectric smectic C* phase with a large value for its spontaneous polarization. Moreover, as the material carries a terminal peripheral chiral 1-methylheptyl moiety it was also expected to exhibit strong chirality-dependent properties. Thus, the material was also found to possess ferrielectric and antiferroelectric modifications in addition to the normal ferroelectric phase. In particular, the ferrielectric phase was found to exhibit unusual behaviour in the presence of applied electric fields.
Effects of intragastrically administered somatostatin on basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion in man (1978)

We demonstrate an improvement by more than 1 order of magnitude of the figure of merit (FoM) of plasmonic nanoparticle sensors by means of the diffractive coupling of localized surface plasmon resonances. The coupling in arrays of nanoparticles leads to Fano resonances with narrow line widths known as surface lattice resonances, which are very suitable for the sensitive detection of small changes in the refractive index of the surroundings. We focus on the sensitivity to the bulk refractive index and find that the sensor FoM scales solely with the frequency difference between the surface lattice resonance and the diffracted order grazing to the surface of the array. This result, which can be extended to other systems with coupled resonances, enables the design of plasmonic sensors with a high FoM over broad spectral ranges with unprecedented accuracy.
Nonparametric feature normalization for SVM-based speaker verification (2008)

We investigate several feature normalization and scaling approaches for use in speaker verification based on support vector machines. We are particularly interested in methods that are "knowledge-free" and work for a variety of features, leading us to investigate MLLR transforms, phone N-grams, prosodic sequences, and word N-gram features. Normalization methods studied include mean/variance normalization, TFLLR and TFLOG scaling, and a simple nonparametric approach: rank-normalization. We find that rank-normalization is uniformly competitive with other methods, and improves upon them in many cases.
An Introduction to Neural Information Retrieval (2019)

Efficient Query Processing for Scalable Web Search will be a valuable reference for researchers and developers working on This tutorial provides an accessible, yet comprehensive, overview of the state-of-the-art of Neural Information Retrieval.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable Blue Photoluminescence from Porous Silicon. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Is Routine Pupil Dilation Safe among Asian Patients with Diabetes? (2009)

In this cohort of Asian persons with diabetes, the risk of AAC was insignificant after routine dilation of pupils for fundus examination. These data substantiate the safety of routine dilation of pupils in Asian patients with diabetes.
Light manipulation by structured gold nanobumps (2012)

We demonstrate the surface plasmonic wave on the Au thin film can be scattered and manipulated by structured Au nanobumps. Experimental results show the structured gold nanobumps can deflect the surface plasmonic waves to scattering out and focusing.