gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-2 Induces a Competitive Survival Advantage in T Lymphocytes (2004)

The acquisition of long-term survival potential by activated T lymphocytes is essential to ensure the successful development of a memory population in the competitive environment of the lymphoid system. The factors that grant competitiveness for survival to primed T cells are poorly defined. We examined the role of IL-2 signals during priming of CD4(+) T cells in the induction of a long-lasting survival program. We show that Ag-induced cycling of CD4(+) IL-2(-/-) T cells is independent of IL-2 in vitro. However, IL-2(-/-) T cells failed to accumulate in large numbers and develop in effector cells when primed in the absence of IL-2. More importantly, Ag-activated IL-2(-/-) T cells were unable to survive for prolonged periods of time after adoptive transfer in unmanipulated, syngeneic mice. IL-2(-/-) T cells exposed to IL-2 signals during priming, however, acquired a robust and long-lasting survival advantage over cells that cycled in the absence of IL-2. Interestingly, this IL-2-induced survival program was required for long-term persistence of primed IL-2(-/-) T cells in an intact lymphoid compartment, but was unnecessary in a lymphopenic environment. Therefore, IL-2 enhances competitiveness for survival in CD4(+) T cells, thereby facilitating the development of a memory population.
One-step synthesis of optically pure 1,2-ethanobis(sulfoxides)and phosphine oxides via the copper-promoted oxidative dimerization of chiral sulfinyl and phosphinyl carbanions (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOne-step synthesis of optically pure 1,2-ethanobis(sulfoxides)and phosphine oxides via the copper-promoted oxidative dimerization of chiral sulfinyl and phosphinyl carbanionsCynthia A. Maryanoff, Bruce E. Maryanoff, Reginald. Tang, and Kurt. MislowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 17, 5839–5840Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00798a107https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00798a107research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views764Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Asexual developmental markers in an aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus (1982)

The relationships between specific asexual development stages of Aspergillus parasiticus and potential enzyme markers of these stages were established. Competence was reached when culture age was 22.6 h for an initial inoculum level of 3.0 X 10(2) conidia X mL-1 and 8.09 h for an initial inoculum level of 2.0 X 10(4) conidia X mL-1. The appearance of laccase activity was correlated with the development of conidia. Laccase activity was detected only in conidiating cultures. Activity was inhibited in shaking cultures due to inhibition of conidiation. Laccase activity reached a maximum in cultures after 120 h. Inducible nitrate reductase activity was detected in A. parasiticus cultures after competence was established.
Color biogenesis data of tomatoes treated with hot-water and high temperature ethylene treatments (2021)

Controlled postharvest stresses were used to induce the synthesis of carotenoids in tomato fruit. The accumulation of carotenoids was observed by the change of color of the tomato fruit from green to red. This change of color was monitored by the a* value and hue of the CIELAB* color coordinates in which the a* value increased following a sigmoidal curve and hue decreased in a similar trend. This sigmoidal curve marked the transition from chloroplasts to chromoplasts; in other words, the change of color tracked the disorganization or degreening, which was simultaneously accompanied by chromoplast biogenesis or red color development when tomatoes were at the Turning stage of development. The color data and photographic images provides information on how heat stress affected the synchronicity of chloroplast disorganization and chromoplast biogenesis in the early developmental stages of tomato ripening.
A model based platform for design and optimization of multi-hop 802.11 wireless networks (2011)

We develop a loss model for multi-hop wireless networks based on IEEE 802.11 MAC. Given a multi-hop network topology, connection demands and routes, we model the working of 802.11 MAC in DCF mode to find good approximations to average MAC layer losses, service times and carried load. The model is defined as an implicit function amongst the variables in the model and solved using a fixed point approach. Further, using Automatic Differentiation (AD) on the implicit function, we perform sensitivity analysis and use it in an optimization framework. As an illustration of how this model can help in design and optimization of wireless networks, we optimize the network throughput by appropriate load splitting along multiple paths. We validate our models using network simulations.
Automatic localization of target vertebrae in spine surgery using fast CT-to-fluoroscopy (3D-2D) image registration (2012)

Localization of target vertebrae is an essential step in minimally invasive spine surgery, with conventional methods relying on "level counting" - i.e., manual counting of vertebrae under fluoroscopy starting from readily identifiable anatomy (e.g., the sacrum). The approach requires an undesirable level of radiation, time, and is prone to counting errors due to the similar appearance of vertebrae in projection images; wrong-level surgery occurs in 1 of every ~3000 cases. This paper proposes a method to automatically localize target vertebrae in x-ray projections using 3D-2D registration between preoperative CT (in which vertebrae are preoperatively labeled) and intraoperative fluoroscopy. The registration uses an intensity-based approach with a gradient-based similarity metric and the CMA-ES algorithm for optimization. Digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) and a robust similarity metric are computed on GPU to accelerate the process. Evaluation in clinical CT data included 5,000 PA and LAT projections randomly perturbed to simulate human variability in setup of mobile intraoperative C-arm. The method demonstrated 100% success for PA view (projection error: 0.42mm) and 99.8% success for LAT view (projection error: 0.37mm). Initial implementation on GPU provided automatic target localization within about 3 sec, with further improvement underway via multi-GPU. The ability to automatically label vertebrae in fluoroscopy promises to streamline surgical workflow, improve patient safety, and reduce wrong-site surgeries, especially in large patients for whom manual methods are time consuming and error prone.
Computer extracted measurements of vessel tortuosity on baseline CT scans to predict response to nivolumab immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. (2017)

11566 Background: Immune-checkpoint blockade treatments, particularly drugs targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, demonstrate promising clinical efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We sought to evaluate whether computer extracted measurements of tortuosity of vessels in lung nodules on baseline CT scans in NSCLC patients(pts) treated with a PD-1 inhibitor, nivolumab could distinguish responders and non-responders. Methods: A total of 61 NSCLC pts who underwent treatment with nivolumab were included in this study. Pts who did not receive nivolumab after 2 cycles due to lack of response or progression per RECIST were classified as ‘non-responders’, patients who had radiological response per RECIST or had clinical benefit (defined as stable disease &gt;10 cycles) were classified as ‘responders’. A total of 35 quantitative tortuosity features of the vessels associated with lung nodule were investigated. In the training cohort (N=33), the features were ranked in their ability to identify responders to nivolumab using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The three most informative features were then used for training the SVM, which was then validated on a cohort of N=28 pts. Results: The maximum curvature ( f1), standard deviation of the torsion ( f2) and mean curvature ( f3) were identified as the most discriminating features. The area under Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the SVM was 0.84 for the training and 0.72 for the validation cohort. Conclusions: Vessel tortuosity features were able to distinguish responders from non-responders for patients with NSCLC treated with nivolumab. Large scale multi-site validation will need to be done to establish vessel tortuosity as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy. [Table: see text]
Comparison of Assembly Tolerance Analysis by the Direct Linearization and Modified Monte Carlo Simulation Methods (1995)

Abstract Two methods for performing statistical tolerance analysis of mechanical assemblies are compared: the Direct Linearization Method (DLM), and Monte Carlo simulation. A selection of 2-D and 3-D vector models of assemblies were analyzed, including problems with closed loop assembly constraints. Closed vector loops describe the small kinematic adjustments that occur at assembly time. Open loops describe critical clearances or other assembly features. The DLM uses linearized assembly constraints and matrix algebra to estimate the variations of the assembly or kinematic variables, and to predict assembly rejects. A modified Monte Carlo simulation, employing an iterative technique for closed loop assemblies, was applied to the same problem set. The results of the comparison show that the DLM is accurate if the tolerances are relatively small compared to the nominal dimensions of the components, and the assembly functions are not highly nonlinear. Sample size is shown to have great influence on the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulation.
A stochastic, cantilever approach to the evaluation of solution phase thermodynamic quantities (2007)

A cantilever device based on competitive binding of an immobilized receptor to immobilized and soluble ligand and capable of measuring solution-phase thermodynamic quantities is described. Through multiple binary queries, the device stochastically measures the probability of the formation of a bound complex between immobilized protein and immobilized ligand as a function of soluble ligand concentration. The resulting binding isotherm is described by a binding polynomial consisting of the activities of soluble and immobilized ligand and binding constants for the association of immobilized protein with free and immobilized ligand. Evaluation of the polynomial reveals an association constant for the formation of a complex between immobilized ligand and immobilized protein close to that for the formation of complex between soluble protein and soluble ligand. The methodology lays the foundation for construction of practical portable sensing devices.
Data from Oncostatin M Receptor–Targeted Antibodies Suppress STAT3 Signaling and Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Growth (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Although patients with advanced ovarian cancer may respond initially to treatment, disease relapse is common, and nearly 50% of patients do not survive beyond five years, indicating an urgent need for improved therapies. To identify new therapeutic targets, we performed single-cell and nuclear RNA-seq data set analyses on 17 human ovarian cancer specimens, revealing the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, oncostatin M (OSM), the ligand of OSMR, was highly expressed by tumor-associated macrophages and promoted proliferation and metastasis in cancer cells. Ovarian cancer cell lines and additional patient samples also exhibited elevated levels of OSMR when compared with other cell types in the tumor microenvironment or to normal ovarian tissue samples. OSMR was found to be important for ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. Binding of OSM to OSMR caused OSMR–IL6ST dimerization, which is required to produce oncogenic signaling cues for prolonged STAT3 activation. Human monoclonal antibody clones B14 and B21 directed to the extracellular domain of OSMR abrogated OSM-induced OSMR–IL6ST heterodimerization, promoted the internalization and degradation of OSMR, and effectively blocked OSMR-mediated signaling &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Importantly, these antibody clones inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; by suppressing oncogenic signaling through OSMR and STAT3 activation. Collectively, this study provides a proof of principle that anti-OSMR antibody can mediate disruption of OSM-induced OSMR–IL6ST dimerization and oncogenic signaling, thus documenting the preclinical therapeutic efficacy of human OSMR antagonist antibodies for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study uncovers a role for OSMR in promoting ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by activating STAT3 signaling and demonstrates the preclinical efficacy of antibody-based OSMR targeting for ovarian cancer treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Infliximab Therapy Improves Health Related Quality of Life in Ulcerative Colitis Patients (2005)

Purpose: To examine the impact of infliximab (IFX) on health related quality of life (HRQL) in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Methods: 728 pts were enrolled in two trials: ACT 1 and 2. Pts were randomized (1:1:1) to placebo (PBO), IFX 5 mg/kg, or IFX 10 mg/kg. Treatment was administered at baseline, wks 2, 6, and then q8 wks. HRQL was assessed using the inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) and the Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF-36). Analysis of variance on van der Waerden scores was used to compare the groups, on the pooled data from the trials. Results: Baseline IBDQ and SF-36 scores were similar among groups. The baseline mean total IBDQ score was 126. The baseline mean physical and mental component summary scores (PCS = 39 and MCS = 41) of the SF-36 were ∼1 standard deviation below the general U.S. population means (50), indicating impaired HRQL. At wk 8 and wk 30, the combined IFX group had greater improvements (p < 0.001, Table 1) from baseline in total IBDQ, PCS, and MCS scores vs PBO. All 4 IBDQ dimensions had improvements in the combined IFX group vs PBO (p < 0.001), at both time points. All 8 scales of the SF-36 showed improvement in the combined IFX group vs PBO at both timepoints, with significance (p < 0.05) in all but one scale at wk 30 (role-emotional, p = 0.081). There were no notable differences between the trials or the IFX groups.Table 1: Mean (Median) Improvements from Baseline in Total IBDQ, PCS, and MCS ScoresConclusions: IFX 5mg/kg or 10mg/kg results in substantially improved HRQL vs PBO, as measured by both disease specific and generic instruments.
Evaluation of Chirp-Managed Lasers in a Dispersion Managed DWDM Transmission over 24 Spans (2007)

We report the first long-haul DWDM transmission using three chirp-managed lasers spaced 50-GHz apart in SSMF at 10-Gb/s. Transmission penalties less than 0.7 dB over a dispersion-managed 1980-km link was measured with performance comparable to NRZ-OOK.
805 Mechanical property of ankle-foot orthosis based on property of hemiplegic ankle and on gait characteristics (2005)

An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is a device widely used by hemiplegic patients to assist their gait. The aim of this study is to estimate an adequate mechanical property of an AFO based on a passive property of ankle. First, we examine mechanical properties of hemiplegic ankle and their AFO prescribed suitably, and then evaluate the correlation between these two properties. The results show that AFO plantar stiffness has significant correlations (p<0.05) with ankle resistive moment at a knee-extended posture and with ankle dorsal stiffness at a knee-flexed posture. The former correlation gives reasonable estimation at initial stance phase, and the latter at swing phase. Next, we examine a relationship between the AFO stiffness and gait characteristics of hemiplegic subjects. The results show that the regression derived from the correlations are useful for estimation of adequate AFO plantar stiffness.
ChemInform Abstract: LEWIS ACID CATALYZED ACYL MIGRATION WITH OPTICALLY ACTIVE (Z)‐ AND (E)‐1,3‐DIPHENYL‐2‐BUTEN‐1‐ONE OXIDE. EVIDENCE OF A CONCERTED PATHWAY (1978)

Abstract Aus dem Na‐glycidat (+)‐(E)‐(2S,3 R)‐(I) und Chlorethylformiat wird das gemischte Carbonat (+)‐(2S,3R)‐ (II) erhalten und mit PhMgBr in das Dypnonoxid (+)‐(2S,3R)‐(III) (optisch aktiv rein) übergeführt.
Data from Customized Viral Immunotherapy for HPV-Associated Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The viral-transforming proteins E6 and E7 make human papillomavirus–positive (HPV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) malignancies an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. However, therapeutic vaccination exerts limited efficacy in the setting of advanced disease. We designed a strategy to induce substantial specific immune responses against multiple epitopes of E6 and E7 proteins based on an attenuated transgene from HPV serotypes 16 and 18 that is incorporated into MG1-Maraba virotherapy (MG1-E6E7). Mutations introduced to the transgene abrogate the ability of E6 and E7 to perturb p53 and retinoblastoma, respectively, while maintaining the ability to invoke tumor-specific, multifunctional CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell responses. Boosting with MG1-E6E7 significantly increased the magnitude of T-cell responses compared with mice treated with a priming vaccine alone (greater than 50 × 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; E7-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells per mouse was observed, representing a 39-fold mean increase in boosted animals). MG1-E6E7 vaccination in the HPV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; murine model TC1 clears large tumors in a CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-dependent manner and results in durable immunologic memory. MG1-Maraba can acutely alter the tumor microenvironment &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and exploit molecular hallmarks of HPV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cancer, as demonstrated by marked infection of HPV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; patient tumor biopsies and is, therefore, ideally suited as an oncolytic treatment against clinical HPV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cancer. This approach has the potential to be directly translatable to human clinical oncology to tackle a variety of HPV-associated neoplasms that cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 5(10); 847–59. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Identifying Defect Sites in Lithium Intercalation Electrodes: Local Disorder in LiVPO4F and Its Influence On Bulk Properties (2013)

Abstract not Available.
N-[3-(1H-Imidazol-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanesulfonamide (ABT-866, 1), a Novel α1-Adrenoceptor Ligand with an Enhanced in Vitro and in Vivo Profile Relative to Phenylpropanolamine and Midodrine (2002)

N-[3-(1H-Imidazol-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanesulfonamide (ABT-866, 1) is a novel alpha(1) agent having the unique profile of alpha(1A) (rabbit urethra, EC(50) = 0.60 microM) agonism with alpha(1B) (rat spleen, pA(2) = 5.4) and alpha(1D) (rat aorta, pA(2) = 6.2) antagonism. An in vivo dog model showed 1 to be more selective for the urethra over the vasculature than A-61603 (2), ST-1059 (3, the active metabolite of midodrine), and phenylpropanolamine (4).
<title>Micro-electro-mechanical systems spatial light modulator development</title> (2000)

The NSF Center for Adaptive Optics (CfAO) is coordinating a five to ten year program for the development of MEMS-based spatial light modulators suitable for adaptive optics applications. Participants in this multi-disciplinary program include several partner institutions and research collaborators. The goal of this program is to produce MEMS spatial light modulators with several thousand actuators that can be used for high-resolution wavefront control applications and would benefit from low device cost, small system size, and low power requirements. We present an overview of the CfAO MEMS development plan along with details of the current program status. Piston mirror array devices that satisfy minimum application requirements have been developed, and work is continuing to enhance the piston devices, add tip-tilt functionality, extend actuator stroke, create a large array addressing platform, and develop new coating processes.
<title>Performance of a high-speed PtSi IRCCD camera system</title> (1993)

This paper describes the performance of a high-speed PtSi infrared charge-coupled device (IRCCD) camera system for recording periodic and transient events in the infrared. Integration times down to 10 microsecond(s) and the ability to record frames based on an external trigger allows this setup to achieve high effective frame rates. The use of a personal computer (PC) as a controller for CCD clocking and video capture results in a flexible camera system design. Examples of the camera system's capacities for short integration time imaging and triggered image capture are presented.
Increased Preclinical Efficacy of Irinotecan and Floxuridine Coencapsulated Inside Liposomes Is Associated With Tumor Delivery of Synergistic Drug Ratios (2006)

Whether anticancer drug combinations act synergistically or antagonistically often depends on the ratio of the agents being combined. We show here that combinations of irinotecan and floxuridine exhibit drug ratio-dependent cytotoxicity in a broad panel of tumor cell lines in vitro where a 1:1 molar ratio consistently provided synergy and avoided antagonism. In vivo delivery of irinotecan and floxuridine coencapsulated inside liposomes at the synergistic 1:1 molar ratio (referred to as CPX-1) lead to greatly enhanced efficacy compared to the two drugs administered as a saline-based cocktail in a number of human xenograft and murine tumor models. When compared to liposomal irinotecan or liposomal floxuridine, the therapeutic activity of CPX-1 in vivo was not only superior to the individual liposomal agents, but the extent of tumor growth inhibition was greater than that predicted for combining the activities of the individual agents. In contrast, liposome delivery of irinotecan:floxuridine ratios shown to be antagonistic in vitro provided antitumor activity that was actually less than that achieved with liposomal irinotecan alone, indicative of in vivo antagonism. Synergistic antitumor activity observed for CPX-1 was associated with maintenance of the 1:1 irinotecan:floxuridine molar ratio in plasma and tumor tissue over 16-24 h. In contrast, injection of the drugs combined in saline resulted in irinotecan:floxuridine ratios that changed 10-fold within 1 h in plasma and sevenfold within 4 h in tumor tissue. These results indicate that substantial improvements in the efficacy of drug combinations may be achieved by maintaining in vitro-identified synergistic drug ratios after systemic administration using drug delivery vehicles.