gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atf3 defines a population of pulmonary endothelial cells essential for lung regeneration (2022)

Abstract Following acute injury, the capillary vascular bed in the lung must be repaired to reestablish gas exchange with the external environment. Little is known about the transcriptional and signaling factors that drive pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and subsequent regeneration of pulmonary capillaries, as well as their response to stress. Here, we show that the transcription factor Atf3 is essential for the regenerative response of the mouse pulmonary endothelium after influenza infection. Atf3 expression defines a subpopulation of capillary ECs enriched in genes involved in endothelial development, differentiation, and migration. During lung alveolar regeneration, this EC population expands and increases expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, blood vessel development, and cellular response to stress. Importantly, endothelial cell-specific loss of Atf3 results in defective alveolar regeneration, in part through increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation in the endothelium. This leads to the general loss of alveolar endothelium and persistent morphological changes to the alveolar niche, including an emphysema-like phenotype with enlarged alveolar airspaces lined with regions that lack vascular investment. Taken together, these data implicate Atf3 as an essential component of the vascular response to acute lung injury that is required for successful lung alveolar regeneration.
Kinetics and temperature dependence of exposure of endocytosed material to proteolytic enzymes and low pH: Evidence for a maturation model for the formation of lysosomes (1987)

Abstract The temperature dependence of acidification of internalized dextran by Swiss 3T3 cells was determined using dual fluorescence flow cytometry. Essentially no acidification was observed at 11°C; acidification was limited to pH 6–6.5 at temperatures between 13°C and 17°C. In contrast, a rapid drop to pH 6–6.5 followed by acidification to pH 5–5.5 was observed at temperatures above 19°C. These results confirm the biphasic nature of the acidification process (J. Cell Biol. (1984) 98 :1757–1762). The timing of exposure of material internalized by fluid‐phase endocytosis to lysosomal enzymes was determined for Swiss 3T3 cells by using a fluorogenic substrate specific for Cathepsin B. Hydrolysis of the substrate, as measured by both fluorometry and flow cytometry, began within minutes of its addition to cells at 37°C, and was inhibited by coincubation with leupeptin, a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme, or by weak bases, which raise the pH of acidic compartments. At temperatures between 13° and 21°C, the rate of hydrolysis was reduced to 31–44% of that at 37°C. Thus, in contrast to previous reports, exposure of endocytosed material to at least one lysosomal enzyme is not inhibited below 20°C; the reduction in hydrolysis rate may be explained by the temperature effects on the efficiency of the enzyme. The results for acidification and proteolysis are consistent with, but do not prove, a maturation model for the formation of lysosomes. We suggest that at lower temperatures, part of the maturation involving recycling and/or concentration of the contents of the endosome is inhibited. This causes the endosome to remain as a mildly acidic, low‐density organelle containing lysosomal enzymes.
P32.04: Can transperineal ultrasound assist in the evaluation of women following colpocleisis? (2011)

To assess the role of transperineal ultrasound in the post-operative evaluation of patients undergoing colpocleisis surgery, for whom vaginal examination is of limited use. Patients who underwent colpocleisis for the treatment of post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse or advanced uterovaginal prolapse (Le Fort procedure), were invited to participate in the study. All patients completed the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory questionnaire (PFDI-20), underwent clinical examination (POPQ), and 4D transperineal ultrasound (GE Kretz, Voluson 730). Volumes were obtained at rest, maximal Valsalva and maximal pelvic floor contraction and analyzed offline (GE Kretz, 4D View) for pelvic organ descent, levator hiatal dimensions, levator avulsion trauma, and the location of the colpocleisis scar. Statistical analysis: SPSS software, significance at P = 0.05. The study included 12 women, mean age 75.3 (69–79) years, median BMI 28 (21–32), median parity 2 (0–4, 1 nulliparous), six (50%) post-hysterectomy (5 transvaginal), and median interval from surgery to ultrasound examination 8 (3–19) months. Most patients did not have symptoms of prolapse, with POPDI-6 median score 6 (0–20), and median post-operative clinical POPQ stage 1 (0–2). On ultrasound, clear visualization was obtained in all patients. 8 patients had avulsion defects (75%, 5 bilateral) and all had ballooning on Valsalva. There was no correlation between clinical POPQ staging and ultrasound parameters of prolapse, levator hiatal dimensions or the presence of avulsion defects. Two women were found to have a urethral diverticulum on ultrasound, which was neither symptomatic nor clinically apparent. 4D transperineal ultrasound is an effective tool in the evaluation of vaginal anatomical and functional changes following colpocleisis. It can acquire data that may elude the clinician in view of the obliterative nature of the operation. Future study is warranted to investigate the association between ultrasound findings and patients' subjective symptoms in a larger cohort.
Reducing Interfacial Resistance between Garnet‐Structured Solid‐State Electrolyte and Li‐Metal Anode by a Germanium Layer (2017)

Substantial efforts are underway to develop all-solid-state Li batteries (SSLiBs) toward high safety, high power density, and high energy density. Garnet-structured solid-state electrolyte exhibits great promise for SSLiBs owing to its high Li-ion conductivity, wide potential window, and sufficient thermal/chemical stability. A major challenge of garnet is that the contact between the garnet and the Li-metal anodes is poor due to the rigidity of the garnet, which leads to limited active sites and large interfacial resistance. This study proposes a new methodology for reducing the garnet/Li-metal interfacial resistance by depositing a thin germanium (Ge) (20 nm) layer on garnet. By applying this approach, the garnet/Li-metal interfacial resistance decreases from ≈900 to ≈115 Ω cm<sup>2</sup> due to an alloying reaction between the Li metal and the Ge. In agreement with experiments, first-principles calculation confirms the good stability and improved wetting at the interface between the lithiated Ge layer and garnet. In this way, this unique Ge modification technique enables a stable cycling performance of a full cell of lithium metal, garnet electrolyte, and LiFePO<sub>4</sub> cathode at room temperature.
Breast cancer surgery during the Covid-19 pandemic: a monocentre experience from the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome (2020)

The Covid-19 pandemic has challenged hard the national health systems worldwide. According to the national policy issued in March 2020 in response to the evolving Covid-19 pandemic, several hospitals were re-configured as Covid-19 centers and elective surgery procedures were rescheduled according to the most recent recommendations. In addition, Covid-19 protected cancer hubs were established, including the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome, Central Italy. At our Institute, the Breast Surgery Department continued working under the sign of a multidisciplinary approach. The number of professional figures involved in case evaluation was reduced to a minimum and interactions took place in the full respect of the required safety measures. Treatments for benign disease, pure prophylactic surgery and elective reconstructive procedures were all postponed and priority was assigned to the histologically-proven malignant breast tumors and highly suspicious lesions. From March 15th though April 30th 2020, we treated a total of 79 patients. This number is fully consistent with the average quantitative standards reached by our Department under ordinary circumstances. Patients were mostly discharged the day after surgery and none was readmitted due to surgery-related late complications. More generally, post-operative complications rates were unexpectedly low, particularly in light of the relatively high number of reconstructive procedures performed in this emergency situation. A strict follow up was performed based on the close contact with the surgical staff by telephone, messaging apps and telemedicine.Patients ascertainment for their Covid-19 status prior to hospital admission and hospital discharge allowed to maintain the "no-Covid-19" status at our Institution. In addition, during the aforementioned time window, none of the care providers developed SARS-CoV-2 infection or disease, as shown by the results of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M and G profiling. In conclusions, elective breast cancer surgery procedures were successfully performed in a lockdown situation due to a novel viral pandemic. The well-coordinated regional and hospital efforts in terms of medical resource re-allocation and definition of clinical priorities allowed to maintain high quality standards of breast cancer care while ensuring safety to the cancer patients and care providers involved.
Probing the super star cluster environment of NGC 1569 using FISICA (2012)

We present near-IR JH spectra of the central regions of the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 1569 using the Florida Image Slicer for Infrared Cosmology and Astrophysics (FISICA). The dust-penetrating properties and available spectral features of the near-IR, combined with the integral field unit (IFU) capability to take spectra of a field, make FISICA an ideal tool for this work. We use the prominent [He i] (1.083 μm) and Paβ (1.282 μm) lines to probe the dense star-forming regions as well as characterize the general star-forming environment around the super star clusters (SSCs) in NGC 1569. We find [He i] coincident with CO clouds to the north and west of the SSCs, which provides the first, conclusive evidence for embedded star clusters here.
Experiences with a vaccine being developed for the control of swine dysentery (1993)

A prototype vaccine that is being developed for the control of swine dysentery (SD) was tested in two groups of experimental pigs. Vaccination induced high circulating antibody titres against the aetiological agent, Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae. Pigs in the first trial were vaccinated twice before being challenged orally with the bacteria. Five of 6 unvaccinated animals developed dysentery within a fortnight of challenge, but only 1 of 6 vaccinated pigs showed signs of disease at this time. Unexpectedly, 1 mo after challenge, the surviving unvaccinated pig and 2 remaining healthy vaccinated animals succumbed to the disease. The reason for the development of this late-onset form of dysentery was not clear. In the second trial, 8 pigs were vaccinated 3 times. Only 2 of these animals (25%) developed severe dysentery after being mixed with infected pigs, whereas 7 of 8 (88%) unvaccinated control pigs in the same pen became diseased. The late-onset form of dysentery was not observed. The prototype vaccine for SD provided a useful level of protection, and could be used in programs to control the disease in Australia.
NF-&#954;B Down–regulation and PARP Cleavage by novel 3-&#945;-butyryloxy-&#946;-boswellic Acid Results in Cancer Cell Specific Apoptosis and in vivo Tumor Regression (2013)

The present study relates to the induction of apoptosis thereof cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity displayed by semi-synthetic analog of Boswellic acid i.e. 3-α-Butyryloxy-β-boswellic acid (BOBA). The cytotoxicity data revealed the differential sensitivity of cancer cell lines towards BOBA which may display its impact against different types of cancers. Considering the inhibitory potential of BOBA, we further sought to understand the target for BOBA deciphering the mechanism of action leading to apoptotic cell death and it was for the first time reported about the triterpenoid ring especially the β-boswellic acid derivative is targeting PI3K pathway. Our data revealed that BOBA treatment provides evidence about the apoptotic nature showing the potential of targeting mitochondria dependent pathways during apoptosis in HL-60 cells. BOBA induced hypo-diploid sub-G(1) DNA population in HL-60 cells as was also evident from the pattern of DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΛΨm) loss. Morphological analysis under fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy displayed typical features such as cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. These events paralleled with the down-regulation of NF-κB and induced PARP cleavage. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that BOBA also depicted significant growth inhibition in Ehrlich Ascitic Tumour (EAT), Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma (EAC) and Sarcoma- 180 tumour models. Taken together, BOBA treatment may represent as potential agent to the currently available anticancer agents in both prophylactic and/or therapeutic applications. Also, our findings may open up a new perspective in the construction of novel anticancer agents based on boswellic acids that will facilitate the development of these agents for anticancer therapeutics.
Simulation of the Charge Transport Across Grain Boundaries in p-Type SrTiO 3 Ceramics (2002)

A mathematical-physical model to describe the charge transport across grain boundaries (GBs) in p-type SrTiO 3 ceramics under DC load was developed. The model structure consists of a 1-dimensional cross section through a ceramic scenario that is bounded by electrodes. After an initial electrostatic simulation a DC bias voltage step is applied. The evolution of the spatial profiles of electric potential, defect concentrations etc., and the current response are calculated. The results for the ceramic model structure confirm the experimentally observed Debye relaxation, and the characteristic dependence of long-term conductivity on the DC bias after space-charge polarization.
Radio frequency tunable polyphase filter design (2009)

Polyphase filters are widely used in radio frequency (RF) receivers either to generate accurate quadrature signals or to reject the image. Analytical modeling of passive polyphase filter suitable for RF front-end applications is exposed. This analytical study has been used to calibrate the optimal values of passive components in order to obtain the maximum image rejection ratio (IRR). Component matching and parasitics reduction techniques have been taken into account. Tunable RC polyphase filter, suitable for multi-standard applications, has been fabricated in 0.13-¿m CMOS technology.
MERCURY: User Centric Device and Service Processing. (2012)

Mobile devices are everywhere. In our personal environment we own and utilize a heterogeneous infrastructure of simple sensors, actuators and services. While there are compelling scenarios how an integration of all these devices into one coherent system would benefit users [GT09] and while it is possible to realize individual such scenarios with today’s technology, existing solutions are not generic, but rather geared towards individual scenarios. Even worse, in order to take advantage of these solutions, users need signifant IT knowledge and are thus not accessible to the average, non-IT user. MERCURY, a joint project of the Institute of Computer Science at FSU Jena and the IBM Deutschland Research & Development GmbH in Boeblingen, aims at addressing both issues. In the remainder of this paper, based on a concrete example scenario, we will identify requirements to such a solution and will check in how far they are met by the most closely related existing approaches. From this, we will derive a system architecture.
SU‐E‐T‐23: A Novel Two‐Step Optimization Scheme for Tandem and Ovoid (T&O) HDR Brachytherapy Treatment for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (2014)

Purpose: To present a novel method allowing fast, true volumetric optimization of T&amp;O HDR treatments and to quantify its benefits. Materials and Methods: 27 CT planning datasets and treatment plans from six consecutive cervical cancer patients treated with 4–5 intracavitary T&amp;O insertions were used. Initial treatment plans were created with a goal of covering high risk (HR)‐CTV with D90 &gt; 90% and minimizing D2cc to rectum, bladder and sigmoid with manual optimization, approved and delivered. For the second step, each case was re‐planned adding a new structure, created from the 100% prescription isodose line of the manually optimized plan to the existent physician delineated HR‐CTV, rectum, bladder and sigmoid. New, more rigorous DVH constraints for the critical OARs were used for the optimization. D90 for the HR‐CTV and D2cc for OARs were evaluated in both plans. Results: Two‐step optimized plans had consistently smaller D2cc's for all three OARs while preserving good D90s for HR‐CTV. On plans with “excellent” CTV coverage, average D90 of 96% (range 91–102), sigmoid D2cc was reduced on average by 37% (range 16–73), bladder by 28% (range 20–47) and rectum by 27% (range 15–45). Similar reductions were obtained on plans with “good” coverage, with an average D90 of 93% (range 90–99). For plans with inferior coverage, average D90 of 81%, an increase in coverage to 87% was achieved concurrently with D2cc reductions of 31%, 18% and 11% for sigmoid, bladder and rectum. Conclusions: A two‐step DVH‐based optimization can be added with minimal planning time increase, but with the potential of dramatic and systematic reductions of D2cc for OARs and in some cases with concurrent increases in target dose coverage. These single‐fraction modifications would be magnified over the course of 4–5 intracavitary insertions and may have real clinical implications in terms of decreasing both acute and late toxicity.
Activation of HLA-restricted EBV-specific cytotoxic T cells does not require CD4+ (helper) T cells or exogenous cytokines. (1988)

MHC-restricted, viral Ag-specific "memory" CTL are thought to play a decisive role in the defense against pathogenic viruses. However, the requirements for activating such CTL remain controversial. In particular, the role of CD4+ helper cells and their soluble products (e.g., IL-2) are uncertain. To approach these questions as they relate to EBV-specific CTL, highly purified CD8+ T cells from healthy EBV-seropositive individuals were cultured with autologous irradiated EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), in the presence or absence of autologous CD4+ cells or 1 to 10 U/ml purified rIL-2. The results indicate that the induction of CTL requires neither Th cells nor exogenous IL-2. The CTL generated from isolated CD8+ cells were HLA class I restricted as demonstrated by their ability to lyse targets sharing at least one HLA-A or -B Ag with the stimulating autologous LCL. Furthermore, a mAb (W6/32) to a common determinant on HLA class I Ag blocked both the generation and effector phases of killing, whereas an HLA class II directed mAb had no effect. Addition of an IL-2R-specific antibody (anti-Tac) to the culture medium blocked induction of CTL, suggesting that endogenously produced IL-2 plays an obligatory role in this system. Paraformaldehyde fixation of LCL abrogated their ability to function as stimulator cells; however, addition of 2 U/ml exogenous IL-2 to fixed LCL cultured with CD8+ cells allowed for the induction of highly specific CTL. These results indicate that EBV-specific memory CTL can be activated in the absence of CD4+ helper cells or their soluble products, but nonetheless require Ag and IL-2.
Human T cell leukaemia virus associated lymphoproliferative disease: report of two cases in Nigeria. (1984)

not require further analgesia.Nausea or vomiting was a presenting feature of pancreatitis in 11 patients treated with pethidine and 15 with buprenorphine.This settled after analgesia in six and seven patients respectively.Only one patient receiving buprenorphine developed vomiting after administration of the drug.Specific questioning did not elicit any other side effects.Comnparisont of median pain scores before and after injection of pethidine and buprenorphine Pethidine Buprenorphine (n = 15) (n = 17) Linear analogue scale (range 0-10): Before injection 9 1 8.4 After injection 3 6 2-5 Difference 5 9 5 4 Ordered category scale (range 0-3): Before injection 3-0 2 9 After injection 1.1 1-1 Difference 1.9 1-6 Duration of pain relief (h) 9 5 9 2 CommentThis study shows that pethidine and buprenorphine provide comparable analgesia in acute pancreatitis.Although pethidine has some cost advantage ovet buprenorphine, it is a controlled and potentially addictive opiate.Potential addiction to narcotics in young adults presenting with recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, often secondary to alcohol abuse, is a cause for concern among clinicians treating this disease.Buprenorphine appears to have little potential for physical dependence; and may be preferred in such patients.Potential objec- tions to buprenorphine include its side effects of vomiting, dizziness, and respiratory depression, which are only partially reversed by naloxone.Respiratory depression was not seen in this study, but anxiety that it may occur may prevent the routine use of buprenorphine in acute pancreatitis, particularly in elderly patients with severe disease.
Modeling of MEMS piezoelectric energy harvesters using electromagnetic and power system theories (2011)

This work proposes a novel methodology for estimating the power output of piezoelectric generators. An analytical model that estimates for the first time the loss ratio and output power of piezoelectric generators based on the direct mechanical-to-electrical analogy, electromagnetic theory, and power system theory is developed. The mechanical-to-electrical analogy and power system theory allow the derivation of an equivalent input impedance expression for the network, whereas electromagnetic transmission line theory allows deduction of the equivalent electromechanical loss of the piezoelectric generator. By knowing the mechanical input power and the loss of the network, calculation of the output power of the piezoelectric device becomes a straightforward procedure. Experimental results based on published data are also presented to validate the analytical solution. In order to fully benefit from the well-established electromagnetic transmission line and electric circuit theories, further analyses on the resonant frequency, bandwidth, and sensitivity are presented. Compared to the conventional modeling methods currently being adopted in the literature, the proposed method provides significant additional information that is crucial for enhanced device operation and quick performance optimization. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.