gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Feature Learning Classification With Radial Basis Function Extreme Learning Machine Using Graphic Processors (2016)

Ever-increasing size and complexity of data sets create challenges and potential tradeoffs of accuracy and speed in learning algorithms. This paper offers progress on both fronts. It presents a mechanism to train the unsupervised learning features learned from only one layer to improve performance in both speed and accuracy. The features are learned by an unsupervised feature learning (UFL) algorithm. Then, those features are trained by a fast radial basis function (RBF) extreme learning machine (ELM). By exploiting the massive parallel computing attribute of modern graphics processing unit, a customized compute unified device architecture (CUDA) kernel is developed to further speed up the computing of the RBF kernel in the ELM. Results tested on Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology data sets confirm the UFL RBF ELM achieves high accuracy, and the CUDA implementation is up to 20 times faster than CPU and the naive parallel approach.
<title>Micromechanical dc-dc converter</title> (2001)

A micromechanical silicon device suitable for DC-DC voltage up-conversion is investigated theoretically. The behavior of the converter is simulated in the time domain using a circuit simulator. In simulations ignoring parasitic capacitances, DC voltage of level of 16 V is increased to 32 V using a micromechanical converter. The output power is 2 mW for a device with 1 mm<SUP>2</SUP> surface area.
3H-Spiperone Binding to Lymphocytes in Neuroleptic-Naive-Schizophrenia and the Effect of Neuroleptic Treatment (1999)

The aim of this study was to determine whether spiperone binding to lymphocytes could serve as a biological marker of susceptibility to schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders or as a measure of response to neuroleptic treatment. Lymphocyte spiperone binding parameters (Bmax, KD) were assessed in 13 patients with schizophrenia and 4 patients with schizotypal personality disorder, all neuroleptic naive, and in 19 age- and sex-matched control subjects. A repeated determination was carried out in 11 of the schizophrenic subjects after several months of neuroleptic treatment. In addition, the binding characteristics of 12 of the schizophrenic/schizotypal patients were compared with those of 13 healthy family members and normal unrelated controls. No significant differences were detected between the schizophrenic subjects and controls before or after neuroleptic treatment or between the patients and their non-affected family members and controls.
Rheological Properties of Microgel/Linear Polymer Mixed Systems (2016)

本報ではゲル微粒子分散系に種々の分子量の線状高分子を導入することで，そのレオロジー特性がどのように影響を受けるか，とくに線形と非線形レオロジーの関係性を評価した．動的粘弾性測定よりゲル微粒子と高分子間のからみ合いの発生，および高分子量線状高分子の場合には高分子の偏析による微粒子の脱膨潤が示唆された．大振幅振動測定から，ひずみの非線形性がみられる臨界ひずみは分子量の増加とともに増加し，高分子は線形領域の拡大に寄与していることが示された．また，定常流測定ではシェアシニングが観察されたが，その程度は高分子の導入に伴い抑制された．定常流挙動はBKZモデルを用いてある程度予測可能であり，シェアシニングは系の非線形性が抑制されたと考えることで記述できた．これらの結果は高分子の導入により，線形領域が拡大されたことを示しており，ソフト微粒子分散系と高分子混合系のレオロジー特性の理解の基盤となるものである．
Evaluation of a Post Spray Insecticide for the Control of Aphids on Black Raspberry Canes, 1990 (1991)

Abstract Four insecticides were evaluated against aphids at the Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs, Centre County, Pa, on an 8-yr-old raspberry planting. Plots were 15 ft long, each containing 5 plants, spaced 3 ft apart. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design and were replicated four times. Prespray counts were made on 17 Jul and consisted of the number of canes with aphids out of a total of 15 canes counted. Five canes/crown, 3 crowns/plot were sampled for each replication. On 20 Jul, sprays were applied to the point of runoff using a Meyers Sprayer and Spray Systems handgun at 300 psi delivering a rate of 75 gal/acre. Postspray counts were again determined on 27 Jul as previously described.
Three-dimensional curvilinear device reconstruction from two fluoroscopic views (2015)

International audience
Accelerating Genomic Data Generation and Facilitating Genomic Data Access Using Decentralization, Privacy-Preserving Technologies and Equitable Compensation (2018)

In the years since the first human genome was sequenced at a cost of over $3 billion, technological advancements have driven the price below $1,000, making personal genome sequencing affordable to many people. Personal genome sequencing has the potential to enable better disease prevention, more accurate diagnoses, and personalized therapies. Furthermore, sharing genomic data with researchers promises identification of the causes of many diseases and the development of new therapies. However, sequencing costs, data privacy concerns, regulatory restrictions, and technical challenges impede the growth of genomic data and hinder data sharing. In this article, we propose that these challenges can be addressed by combining decentralized system design, privacy-preserving technologies, and an equitable compensation model in a platform that vests control over data with individual owners; ensures transparency and privacy; facilitates regulatory compliance; minimizes expensive data transfers; and shifts the sequencing costs from consumers, patients, and biobanks to researchers in industry and academia. We exemplify this by describing the implementation of Nebula, a distributed genomic data generation, sharing, and analysis platform.
Accelerated Detection of Mycolactone Production and Response to Antibiotic Treatment in a Mouse Model of Mycobacterium ulcerans Disease (2014)

Diagnosis of the neglected tropical disease, Buruli ulcer, can be made by acid-fast smear microscopy, specimen culture on mycobacterial growth media, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and/or histopathology. All have drawbacks, including non-specificity and requirements for prolonged culture at 32°C, relatively sophisticated laboratory facilities, and expertise, respectively. The causative organism, Mycobacterium ulcerans, produces a unique toxin, mycolactone A/B (ML) that can be detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) or mass spectrometric analysis. Detection by the latter technique requires sophisticated facilities. TLC is relatively simple but can be complicated by the presence of other lipids in the specimen. A method using a boronate-assisted fluorogenic chemosensor in TLC can overcome this challenge by selectively detecting ML when visualized with UV light. This report describes modifications in the fluorescent TLC (F-TLC) procedure and its application to the mouse footpad model of M. ulcerans disease to determine the kinetics of mycolactone production and its correlation with footpad swelling and the number of colony forming units in the footpad. The response of all three parameters to treatment with the current standard regimen of rifampin (RIF) and streptomycin (STR) or a proposed oral regimen of RIF and clarithromycin (CLR) was also assessed. ML was detectable before the onset of footpad swelling when there were <10(5) CFU per footpad. Swelling occurred when there were >10(5) CFU per footpad. Mycolactone concentrations increased as swelling increased whereas CFU levels reached a plateau. Treatment with either RIF+STR or RIF+CLR resulted in comparable reductions of mycolactone, footpad swelling, and CFU burden. Storage in absolute ethanol appears critical to successful detection of ML in footpads and would be practical for storage of clinical samples. F-TLC may offer a new tool for confirmation of suspected clinical lesions and be more specific than smear microscopy, much faster than culture, and simpler than PCR.
Front Matter: Volume 9695 (2016)

00, 01, 02,
High Resolution Pursuit for Feature Extraction (1998)

Recently, adaptive approximation techniques have become popular for obtaining parsimonious representations of large classes of signals. These methods include method of frames, matching pursuit, and, most recently, basis pursuit. In this work, high resolution pursuit (HRP) is developed as an alternative to existing function approximation techniques. Existing techniques do not always efficiently yield representations which are sparse and physically interpretable. HRP is an enhanced version of the matching pursuit algorithm and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional matching pursuit algorithm by emphasizing local fit over global fit at each stage. Further, the HRP algorithm has the same order of complexity as matching pursuit. In this paper, the HRP algorithm is developed and demonstrated on 1D functions. Convergence properties of HRP are also examined. HRP is also suitable for extracting features which may then be used in recognition.
Japanese reading objective understanding estimation by eye gaze analysis (2017)

Analyzing the eye gaze to estimate the text understanding is a good way to overcome the drawbacks of classic question based assessment tests. In particular it does not suffer from random answers, question misunderstanding and can cover every parts of the text. In this paper we propose a method to estimate the objective understanding of a learner by analyzing his eye movements while reading. We conduct our experiment on Japanese texts and try to predict, by analyzing the eye gaze, how many questions about the texts the reader will be able to answer to. We show that we obtain 5.27% of error in the number of correct answers estimation by using eye gaze features. As a comparison, we try to predict the number of correct answers by using the reader's self assessment understanding and show that it leads to 9.04% error.
Angiotensin II. Synthesis and biological activity of 6-(1-methylhistidine) and 6-(3-methylhistidine) analogs (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAngiotensin II. Synthesis and biological activity of 6-(1-methylhistidine) and 6-(3-methylhistidine) analogsPhilip Needleman, Garland R. Marshall, and Jean RivierCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 9, 968–970Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00267a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00267a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conversion of Biomass Based Slurry in an Entrained Flow Gasifier (2007)

Abstract A two‐step process, BIOLIQ, with pyrolysis and subsequent entrained flow gasification has been developed at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe to produce synfuel from biomass. Experiments in a 60 kW pilot‐scale atmospheric entrained flow gasifier allow quantitative evaluation of the combustion behavior of biomass‐based slurry, leading to a better understanding of the gasification process.
Chemistry of N-halo compounds. 31. Regiospecific synthesis of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated azoxy compounds (diazene N-oxides) (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of N-halo compounds. 31. Regiospecific synthesis of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated azoxy compounds (diazene N-oxides)Jay Wrobel, Victor Nelson, James Sumiejski, and Peter KovacicCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 14, 2345–2348Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01328a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01328a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ocean Data Product Integration Through Innovation-The Next Level of Data Interoperability (2019)

In the next decade the pressures on ocean systems and the communities that rely on them will increase as multiple stressors of climate change, food security and human activities start to impact. Our ability to manage and sustain our oceans will depend on the data we collect and the information and knowledge generated. Much of the uptake of this knowledge will be outside the ocean domain, for example by policy makers, local Governments, custodians and other organizations, so it is imperative that we democratize or open the access and use of ocean data. This paper looks at how technologies, scoped by standards, best practice and communities of practice, can be deployed to change the way that ocean data is accessed, utilized, value added and transformed into information and knowledge. The current portal-download model which requires the user to know what data exists, where it is stored, in what format and with what processing, limits the uptake and use of ocean data. Using examples from a range of disciplines, a web services model of data and information flows is presented. A framework is described, including the systems, processes and human components, which delivers a radical rethink about the delivery of knowledge from ocean data. A series of vision statements describe parts of the future vision along with a series of recommendations about how this may be achieved. The paper recommends the development of virtual test-beds for end to end development of new data workflows and knowledge pathways. This supports the continued development, rationalization and uptake of standards, creates a platform around which a community of practice can be developed, promotes cross discipline engagement from ocean science through to ocean policy, allows for the commercial sector, including the informatics sector, to partner in delivering outcomes and provides a focus to leverage long term sustained funding. The next ten years will be ‘make or break’ for many ocean systems. The decadal challenge is to develop the governance and co-operative mechanisms to harness emerging information technology to deliver on the goal of generating the information and knowledge required to sustain oceans into the future.
Mapping pQTLs of circulating inflammatory proteins identifies drivers of immune-related disease risk and novel therapeutic targets (2023)

ABSTRACT Circulating proteins play key roles in inflammation and a broad range of diseases. To identify genetic influences on inflammation-related proteins, we conducted a genome-wide protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL) study of 91 plasma proteins measured using the Olink Target platform in 15,150 participants. We identified 180 pQTLs, of which 50 were novel. Integration of pQTL data with eQTL and disease GWAS provided insights into pathogenesis, implicating lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) in multiple sclerosis. Using Mendelian randomisation (MR), we identified both shared and distinct effects of specific proteins across immune-mediated diseases, including directionally discordant causal roles for CD40 in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Our results highlight novel potential therapeutic avenues, including CXCL5 in ulcerative colitis (UC), a finding supported by elevated gut CXCL5 expression in UC patients. Our data provide a powerful resource to facilitate future drug target prioritization.
Direct role for the RNA polymerase domain of T7 primase in primer delivery (2010)

Gene 4 protein (gp4) encoded by bacteriophage T7 contains a C-terminal helicase and an N-terminal primase domain. After synthesis of tetraribonucleotides, gp4 must transfer them to the polymerase for use as primers to initiate DNA synthesis. In vivo gp4 exists in two molecular weight forms, a 56-kDa form and the full-length 63-kDa form. The 56-kDa gp4 lacks the N-terminal Cys(4) zinc-binding motif important in the recognition of primase sites in DNA. The 56-kDa gp4 is defective in primer synthesis but delivers a wider range of primers to initiate DNA synthesis compared to the 63-kDa gp4. Suppressors exist that enable the 56-kDa gp4 to support the growth of T7 phage lacking gene 4 (T7Delta4). We have identified 56-kDa DNA primases defective in primer delivery by screening for their ability to support growth of T7Delta4 phage in the presence of this suppressor. Trp69 is critical for primer delivery. Replacement of Trp69 with lysine in either the 56- or 63-kDa gp4 results in defective primer delivery with other functions unaffected. DNA primase harboring lysine at position 69 fails to stabilize the primer on DNA. Thus, a primase subdomain not directly involved in primer synthesis is involved in primer delivery. The stabilization of the primer by DNA primase is necessary for DNA polymerase to initiate synthesis.
On the Design of Optimal Linear Microphone Array Geometries (2018)

In this paper, we present a simultaneous optimization model for aperiodic linear microphone array geometry and weights. Desirable properties for Broadband arrays include robust superdirective frequency invariant beampatterns. Our approach is to employ particle swarm optimization (PSO) to search for the optimal geometry while selecting optimal weights for each particle's geometry. The resulting directivity factor (DFs) and white noise gains (WNGs) are used to define the PSO fitness function. The proposed approach also optimizes the trade-off between WNG and DF, to find a geometry within a given aperture, thus, maximizing both these parameters. The proposed method allows the user great flexibility in specifying desired DFs and WNGs over frequency by virtue of the PSO fitness function. The resultant array geometry is smaller and yields greater WNG and DF than conventional approach.
Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase attenuates myocardial remodeling and preserves diastolic function in diabetic heart (2006)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the structural and functional abnormalities of diabetic heart. Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) is a critical antioxidant enzyme that removes H(2)O(2) in both the cytosol and mitochondia. We hypothesized that the overexpression of GSHPx gene could attenuate left ventricular (LV) remodeling in diabetes mellitus (DM). We induced DM by injection of streptozotocin (160 mg/kg ip) in male GSHPx transgenic mice (TG+DM) and nontransgenic wildtype littermates (WT+DM). GSHPx activity was higher in the hearts of TG mice compared with WT mice, with no significant changes in other antioxidant enzymes. LV thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances measured in TG+DM at 8 wk were significantly lower than those in WT+DM (58 +/- 3 vs. 71 +/- 5 nmol/g, P < 0.05). Heart rate and aortic blood pressure were comparable between groups. Systolic function was preserved normal in WT+DM and TG+DM mice. In contrast, diastolic function was impaired in WT+DM and was improved in TG+DM as assessed by the deceleration time of peak velocity of transmitral diastolic flow and the time needed for relaxation of 50% maximal LV pressure to baseline value (tau; 13.5 +/- 1.2 vs. 8.9 +/- 0.7 ms, P < 0.01). The TG+DM values were comparable with those of WT+Control (tau; 7.8 +/- 0.2 ms). Improvement of LV diastolic function was accompanied by the attenuation of myocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and apoptosis. Overexpression of GSHPx gene ameliorated LV remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in DM. Therapies designed to interfere with oxidative stress might be beneficial to prevent cardiac abnormalities in DM.
Optically active bimesogens incorporating branched central spacers (2018)

In the current fascination with liquid crystalline dimers, bimesogens and oligomers the role of the central spacer in these systems has perhaps been somewhat neglected. In compound 1, a phenyl 4-cyanobenzoate bimesogen, the central spacer incorporates a methyl group at the 2-position and is therefore chiral. The helical twisting power of 1, measured in both 5CB and E7, was found to be 0.36 and 0.35 μm<sup>-1</sup> wt%<sup>-1</sup> respectively. Compound 1 exhibited a monotropic chiral nematic phase, however no twist-bend modulated phase was observed. We prepared a number of analogues of 1 incorporating different mesogenic units and observe that those with a small aspect ratio are non mesogenic, whereas those with larger aspect ratios variously exhibit chiral nematic, TB, SmC and SmB phases.
Building Intrusion Tolerant Applications (2001)

The ITTC project (Intrusion Tolerance via Threshold Cryptography) provides tools and an infrastructure for building intrusion tolerant applications. Rather than prevent intrusions or detect them after the fact, the ITTC system ensures that the compromise of a few system components does not compromise sensitive security information. To do so we protect cryptographic keys by distributing them across a few servers. The keys are never reconstructed at a single location. Our designs are intended to simplify the integration of ITTC into existing applications. We give examples of embedding ITTC into the Apache web server and into a Certification Authority (CA). Performance measurements on both the modified web server and the modified CA show that the architecture works and performs well.
Scene reassembly after multimodal digitization and pipeline evaluation using photorealistic rendering (2017)

Transparent objects require acquisition modalities that are very different from the ones used for objects with more diffuse reflectance properties. Digitizing a scene where objects must be acquired with different modalities requires scene reassembly after reconstruction of the object surfaces. This reassembly of a scene that was picked apart for scanning seems unexplored. We contribute with a multimodal digitization pipeline for scenes that require this step of reassembly. Our pipeline includes measurement of bidirectional reflectance distribution functions and high dynamic range imaging of the lighting environment. This enables pixelwise comparison of photographs of the real scene with renderings of the digital version of the scene. Such quantitative evaluation is useful for verifying acquired material appearance and reconstructed surface geometry, which is an important aspect of digital content creation. It is also useful for identifying and improving issues in the different steps of the pipeline. In this work, we use it to improve reconstruction, apply analysis by synthesis to estimate optical properties, and to develop our method for scene reassembly.