gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frequency operation of low-voltage, solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (2011)

A detailed analysis of the frequency operation of low-voltage, solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (FETs) is reported. The relevant figures of merit, such as the transition frequency fT, are introduced starting from first principles, and the main parameters affecting them are elucidated on the basis of experimental evidence collected on devices fabricated with different technologies. Focus is on the development of printed FETs, fabricated with a bottom-up, scalable approach, showing fT > 1 MHz.
Data from Regulatory T Cell–Resistant CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Induced by Glucocorticoid-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Signaling (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;We previously found that a &lt;i&gt;Salmonella typhimurium&lt;/i&gt; vector engineered to secrete soluble tumor antigen induces CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells resistant to CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD25&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; regulatory T cells (Treg) and that glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related gene (GITR) signal is involved in the development of this resistance. In this study, we address the potential of incorporating GITR ligand (GITRL) as a way to augment the immunogenicity of cancer vaccines. BALB/c mice were immunized by gene gun with plasmids encoding the mutated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (mERK) with or without plasmids encoding mouse GITRL. Coadministration with GITRL during primary and secondary immunization enhanced the induction of mERK-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. Antibody depletion and minigene analysis suggested that GITRL directly activated CTL epitope-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells independently of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. Immunization with plasmids encoding a CTL epitope and GITRL resulted in strong tumor inhibition in a CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cell–dependent manner. Furthermore, CTL epitope-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells induced by immunization with plasmids encoding CTL epitope coadministered with GITRL were refractory to suppression by CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD25&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Tregs compared with CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells induced without GITR signaling. We propose that coadministration of GITR signaling agents with tumor antigens constitutes a promising novel strategy for cancer vaccine development. [Cancer Res 2008;68(14):5948–54]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Comparative transcriptome profiling of amyloid precursor protein family members in the adult cortex (2011)

Shared transcriptome profiles corroborated closely related physiological functions of APP family members in the adult central nervous system. As expression of proposed AICD target genes was not altered in adult cortex, this may indicate that these genes are not affected by lack of APP under resting conditions or only in a small subset of cells.
Managerial Implications of Live Commerce (2022)

Live commerce uses digital communication technology (e.g., social media) to enable viewers to purchase featured products on their devices while watching a livestream. The purpose of this study is to clarify the considerations and decisions that managers should reflect upon before implementing live commerce as part of their business models. Taking a qualitative approach to investigating three live commerce cases, this chapter builds a theory of the managerial implications of using live commerce as part of a company's business model. The theory consists of 10 sub-dimensions that are connected to three dimensions of live commerce: 1) strategic integration, 2) the live event in practice, and 3) host and viewer alignment. Each sub-dimension includes key considerations that companies can use as a starting point for strategic reflection and discussions prior to implementing live commerce.
Millimeter Wave Optical Transmission Using a Tunable Laser Beatnote Source with Feedforward Compensation (1993)

High frequency optical modulation is required in many applications in satellite communication, mm-wave distribution and phased array radar. Traditionally this is achieved by direct modulation of a semiconductor laser diode, or through the use of an external modulator. Direct modulation has been demonstrated up to 30 GHz [1] and traveling wave LiNbO3 external modulators to beyond 40 GHz [2]. We present a modulation technique which potentially can be used at frequencies &gt;100 GHz. We have experimentally demonstrated simulated radar pulse transmission at 40 GHz. The technique is based on the use of a low frequency external modulator to compensate for the phase noise on the beatnote of two laser diodes as shown in Fig. 1.
Current Progress of Interfacing Organic Semiconducting Materials with Bacteria (2021)

Microbial bioelectronics require interfacing microorganisms with electrodes. The resulting abiotic/biotic platforms provide the basis of a range of technologies, including energy conversion and diagnostic assays. Organic semiconductors (OSCs) provide a unique strategy to modulate the interfaces between microbial systems and external electrodes, thereby improving the performance of these incipient technologies. In this review, we explore recent progress in the field on how OSCs, and related materials capable of charge transport, are being used within the context of microbial systems, and more specifically bacteria. We begin by examining the electrochemical communication modes in bacteria and the biological basis for charge transport. Different types of synthetic organic materials that have been designed and synthesized for interfacing and interrogating bacteria are discussed next, followed by the most commonly used characterization techniques for evaluating transport in microbial, synthetic, and hybrid systems. A range of applications is subsequently examined, including biological sensors and energy conversion systems. The review concludes by summarizing what has been accomplished so far and suggests future design approaches for OSC bioelectronics materials and technologies that hybridize characteristic properties of microbial and OSC systems.
DICOM for quantitative imaging biomarker development: A standards based approach to sharing of clinical data and structured PET/CT analysis results in head and neck cancer research (2015)

Background. Imaging biomarkers hold tremendous promise in the precision medicine clinical applications. Development of such biomarkers relies heavily on image post-processing tools for automated image quantitation. Their deployment in the context of clinical research necessitates interoperability with the clinical systems. Comparison with the established outcomes and evaluation motivate integration of the clinical and imaging data, and the use of standardized approaches to sharing analysis results and semantics. We develop the methodology and supporting tools to perform these tasks in Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET/CT) quantitative imaging (QI) biomarker development applied to head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment response assessment, using the Digital Imaging Communication in Medicine (DICOM®) international standard and free open source software tools. Methods. Quantitative analysis of PET/CT imaging data collected on patients undergoing treatment for HNC was conducted. Processing steps included Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) normalization of the images, segmentation of the tumor and reference regions of interest (ROI) using manual and semi-automatic approaches, and extraction of the volumetric segmentation-based measurements. Suitable components of the DICOM standard were identified to model the various types of data produced by the analysis. A developer toolkit of conversion routines and an Application Programming Interface (API) were contributed and applied to create a standards-based representation of the data. Results. DICOM Real World Value Mapping, Segmentation and Structured Reporting objects were utilized for standards-compliant representation of the PET/CT QI analysis results. A number of correction proposals to the standard were developed. The open-source DICOM toolkit (DCMTK) was improved to simplify the task of encoding via new API abstractions. Conversion and visualization tools utilizing this toolkit were developed. The encoded objects were validated for consistency and interoperability. The resulting dataset was deposited to the QIN-HEADNECK collection of The Cancer Imaging Archive. Supporting tools for data analysis and DICOM conversion are available as free open source software. Discussion. We presented a detailed investigation of the development and application of the DICOM model, as well as the supporting open source tools and toolkits, to accommodate representation of the research data in QI biomarker development. We demonstrated that DICOM standard can be used to represent various types of the analysis results and encode their complex relationships. As a result, the data objects are interoperable with a variety of readily available tools and toolkits, as well as commercial clinical imaging and analysis systems that adopt the DICOM standard virtually universally.
Adaptive Triangular Deployment of Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network considering the Underwater Environment (2019)

In this paper, we propose an adaptive triangular deployment algorithm that can adjust sensor distribution depending on the variation in communication performance in an underwater environment. To predict the distance between sensor nodes, a performance surface model is implemented by estimating the communication performance based on spatio-temporal environment factors affecting the communication performance of the underwater sensor node. Subsequently, the performance surface model is applied to the adaptive triangular deployment algorithm and is used to control the distance between nodes. Therefore, underwater wireless sensor networks deployed with adaptive triangular deployment algorithms can achieve a maximum connectivity rate with an optimal number of nodes.
Trada (2008)

Machine Learned Ranking approaches have shown successes in web search engines. With the increasing demands on developing effective ranking functions for different search domains, we have seen a big bottleneck, i.e., the problem of insufficient training data, which has significantly limited the fast development and deployment of machine learned ranking functions for different web search domains. In this paper, we propose a new approach called tree based ranking function adaptation ("tree adaptation") to address this problem. Tree adaptation assumes that ranking functions are trained with regression-tree based modeling methods, such as Gradient Boosting Trees. It takes such a ranking function from one domain and tunes its tree-based structure with a small amount of training data from the target domain. The unique features include (1) it can automatically identify the part of model that needs adjustment for the new domain, (2) it can appropriately weight training examples considering both local and global distributions. Experiments are performed to show that tree adaptation can provide better-quality ranking functions for a new domain, compared to other modeling methods.
Correlating Bulk Density (with Dockage) and Test Weight (without Dockage) for Wheat Samples (2016)

<abstract> In grain bins, the compaction of stored grain is caused by the overbearing pressure of the bulk material in the bin. To predict the amount of grain in the bin, compaction values must be determined based on the average bulk density (BD) of the stored material. However, BD is determined following the Federal Grain Inspection Service (FGIS) guidelines for measuring test weight (TW), which require that dockage be removed prior to measuring wheat TW. Thus, this creates a problem for predicting grain compaction and conducting inventory studies, because the average BD of the grain in a bin for these calculations should include dockage. Therefore, regression models between the TW without dockage and the BD with dockage were obtained based on the reported scale data during wheat harvest from three elevators located in Kansas and Oklahoma. A power model was used to predict BD with dockage when TW without dockage and dockage levels are given. Laboratory samples of HRW and SRW wheat with dockage levels ranging from 0.05% to 5% showed a second order polynomial trend when plotted against decrease in BD with dockage values compared to TW without dockage. These results will be crucial for determining grain packing inventory parameters for HRW wheat bins.
Synthesis and biological activity of 5-phenylselenenyl-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and biological activity of 5-phenylselenenyl-substituted pyrimidine nucleosidesRaymond F. Schinazi, Jack Arbiser, Jung Ja S. Lee, Thomas I. Kalman, and William H. PrusoffCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1986, 29, 7, 1293–1295Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00157a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00157a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
401. AAV Therapy Attenuates Respiratory Dysfunction and Glycogen Accumulation in a Murine Model of Glycogen Storage Disease Type II (2015)

Cardiac dysfunction and respiratory muscle weakness are primary features in patients with early onset Pompe disease. To reduce the progressive and rapid accumulation of glycogen resulting in cardiorespiratory dysfunction, adult Gaa-/- mice were administered a single systemic injection of rAAV2/9-DES-hGAA (AAV9) or bi-monthly injections of recombinant human GAA (ERT). Cardiac function and morphology was assessed one and three months after initiation of treatment while whole-body plethysmography and diaphragmatic contractile function was evaluated at three months post-treatment in all groups. Gaa-/- animals receiving either AAV9 or ERT demonstrated a significant improvement in cardiac function and diaphragmatic contractile function as compared to control animals. AAV9 treatment resulted in a significant reduction in cardiac dimension (end diastolic left ventricular mass/gram wet weight; EDMc) at three months post-injection. Neither AAV9 nor ERT therapy altered minute ventilation during quiet breathing (eupnea). However, breathing frequency and expiratory time were significantly improved in AAV9 animals. Glycogen deposition was significantly elevated in Gaa-/- and ERT but not AAV9 when compared to control animals. These results indicate systemic delivery of either strategy improves cardiac function but improvement in respiratory parameters and glycogen reduction are limited to AAV9 therapy at three-months post treatment in a murine model of Pompe disease.
A role for kisspeptins in pregnancy: facts and speculations (2009)

Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that was originally discovered in 1996 from a metastasis tumour suppressor gene, KISS1 and was appropriately named metastin. More recently, the discovery of inactivating mutations in the receptor for kisspeptin, a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR54 (KISS1R), have been shown to result in a failure to progress through puberty in man. These findings have led to the kisspeptin/KISS1R system being described as an essential gatekeeper of reproductive function. Recent studies have suggested additional roles of kisspeptin, other than in the central control of the gonadotropic axis including placentation and pregnancy, energy homeostasis and cardiovascular function. Therefore, kisspeptin-KISS1R signalling potentially plays diverse roles in human physiology. Here, we review the literature regarding the role and physiological significance of kisspeptin in pregnancy and highlight some of the key questions that require addressing.
Method for recovering quantitative broadband diffuse optical spectra from layered media (2007)

We report the recovery of broadband (650-1000 nm) diffuse optical absorption and reduced scattering spectra stratified by layer in a two-layer phantom. The broadband optical properties of the phantom featured top and bottom layers designed to simulate adipose and muscle, respectively. The absolute value and dynamic variation of chromophore concentrations in both layers (top layer thickness greater than 5 mm) were calculated with an average 10% error and 3% error, respectively. In addition to spectra, the algorithm recovers the top layer thickness up to 12 mm within 10% error. It is insensitive to initial guesses of both layers' optical properties as long as the layer thickness initial guess is within +/-2 mm.
Pancreastatin Inhibits Insulin Secretion and Stimulates Glucagon Secretion in Mice (1988)

Recently a new peptide, pancreastatin, was isolated from porcine pancreatic extracts. It contains 49 amino acids and shows a structural similarity to chromogranin A, which occurs in secretory granules of the endocrine pancreas. Furthermore, pancreastatin has been found to inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas. However, its effects under in vivo conditions have never been studied. We have therefore investigated the effects of this peptide on insulin and glucagon secretion in vivo in the mouse. We found that an intravenous injection of pancreastatin (4.0 nmol/kg) lowered basal plasma insulin concentration at 6 min from 55 +/- 8 microU/ml in control mice to 21 +/- 7 microU/ml (P less than .01). The peptide also inhibited the plasma insulin response to both glucose (P less than .01) and the cholinergic agonist carbachol (P less than .001). Furthermore, 2 min after injection of pancreastatin, plasma glucagon concentration had increased to 301 +/- 19 pg/ml compared to 190 +/- 12 pg/ml in control mice (P less than .001). The peptide did not, however, affect the carbachol-induced plasma glucagon response. In addition, pancreastatin induced a transient hyperglycemia. Combined adrenergic blockade by means of a pretreatment of phentolamine and propranolol did not prevent pancreastatin from exerting its effects on plasma insulin levels, whereas the increase in plasma glucagon levels was abolished. Thus, in the mouse, the newly discovered intrapancreatic peptide pancreastatin 1) lowers baseline plasma insulin levels, 2) inhibits glucose- and cholinergically induced insulin secretion, 3) stimulates baseline glucagon secretion, and 4) induces hyperglycemia.
Mechanism of Reduction of Chromium Oxide in Aluminate Slag by Solid Carbon (1986)

In relation to the smelting reduction of chromite ore, the mechanism of reduction of aluminate slags containing about 40% of Cr2O3 by graphite has been investigated. The rate of reduction has been determined from the mass loss measured by means of thermogravimetry, and the physical situation of the reduction products formed at the slag-graphite interface has been examined by microscopic observation.While the layer of the reduction product keeps intimate contact with the graphite, the rate of reduction obeys the parabolic rate equation. The rate constant is not affected by the ratio (%CaO)/(%Al2O3), and the activation energy is 229 kJ/mol. The rate is controlled by the diffusion of carbon in the product layer.When the slag penetrates through cracks in the product and is brought into direct contact with the graphite, the reduction of chromium oxide is accelerated. The rate of reduction is approximately represented by the zeroth-order-type rate equation. The rate is independent of the ratio (%CaO)/(%Al2O3). For the slags with (%CaO)/(%Al2O3)=0.97 and containing Cr2O3 more than about 9%, the rate remains essentially unchanged with increasing initial content of Cr2O3. The apparent activation energy is 533 kJ/mol. It is supposed that the rate of reduction is limited by the solubility of chromium in slag.
Influence of Ag Content and H2S Exposure on 1,3-Butadiene/1-Butene Adsorption by Ag Ion-Exchanged Y-Zeolites (Ag−Y) (2001)

It was found earlier in our laboratories that Ag ion-exchanged zeolite was capable of purifying 1-butene by selective adsorbing trace amounts of 1,3-butadiene. The effect of Ag content in Ag ion-exchanged Y-zeolite (Ag−Y) on 1,3-butadiene/1-butene adsorption was investigated using Ag−Y with different Si/Al ratios and different degrees of Ag+/Na+ exchange (AgNa−Y). AgNa−Y with a Ag content of 34 Ag/u.c. exhibited excellent adsorption performance in terms of both separation factor and uptake rate. The influence of H2S exposure on sorbent performance was also examined. Although both 1,3-butadiene and 1-butene adsorption amounts were decreased by H2S exposure, the separation factors remained well over 100, which were still good for purification. XPS analysis revealed that Ag+ in Ag−Y reacted with H2S to form Ag2S. The high selectivity for butadiene over 1-butene was indicative of the π-complexation ability of Ag2S. This work demonstrated that (1) an intermediate silver loading was the best for 1,3-butadiene/1-butene purification and that (2) Ag−Y maintained stability against H2S.
Silica NPs–Cytotoxicity Cross-Talk: Physicochemical Principles and Cell Biology Responses (2023)

Abstract Many advances have been made in the preparation, optimization, and applications of silica nanoparticles (NPs) in biomedical nanotechnology. Considering this, the broader human, environmental, and industrial contacts with these NPs are inevitable. Improved knowledge of the physicochemical properties of silica NPs and their interactions with biological systems at the cellular level is essential for the rational design of silica NPs. This can involve the deliberately enhanced or decreased cellular responses and toxicity. Therefore, controlling the risk of toxicity can better guide the design of silica NPs for drug delivery and bioimaging systems. Various reports have discussed the toxicology of silica NPs. However, the mechanisms underlying the cellular responses to these NPs remain unclear. Here, we discuss the physicochemical-biological interactions governing the cellular responses and toxicity of silica NPs. Graphical Abstract
Analog Beamforming With Antenna Selection For Large-Scale Antenna Arrays (2021)

In large-scale antenna array (LSAA) wireless communication systems employing analog beamforming architectures, the placement or selection of a subset of antennas can significantly reduce the power consumption and hardware complexity. In this work, we propose a joint design of analog beamforming with antenna selection (AS) or antenna placement (AP) for an analog beamforming system. We approach this problem from a beampattern matching perspective and formulate a sparse unit-modulus least-squares (SULS) problem, which is a nonconvex problem due to the unit-modulus and the sparsity constraints. To that end, we propose an efficient and scalable algorithm based on the majorization-minimization (MM) framework for solving the SULS problem. We show that the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm converges to a stationary point of the problem. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed joint design of analog beamforming with AS outperforms conventional array architectures with fixed inter-antenna element spacing.