gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Characterization of a Wind Turbine Simulator for Grid Connected and Islanded Wind Turbine Operation (2007)

To better understand the effect of significant wind power production on distributed electrical networks, a Wind Turbine Simulator (WTS) was incorporated into the Grid Simulation Laboratory (GSL) at Colorado State University. This paper discusses the development of the engine controls, gain tuning and response matching to field measurements of wind turbines. Response was characterized while connected to the transmission grid, similar to the field information, using a series of transient events gleaned from field information. Transients caused by breaker events, which emulate connecting or disconnecting the individual wind turbines, were also considered. While overall correlation between commanded and actual power output was strong, several limitations were identified and are described.
Sidestepping the Rayleigh limit for LoS spatial multiplexing: A distributed architecture for long-range wireless fiber (2013)

While existing wireless systems rely on rich scattering environments to obtain spatial multiplexing gains, such gains are also available for line-of-sight (LoS) point-to-point links if the range is small enough. For fixed antenna separation (limited by node form factor) and carrier frequency (limited by available electronics), the range up to which multiple degrees of freedom are available is limited by the Rayleigh criterion. In this paper, we propose a distributed architecture for sidestepping this criterion, leading to spatial multiplexing gains at ranges much larger than those dictated by node form factor and carrier frequency constraints. Although the antenna spacings at the transmitter and the receiver are not large enough to support spatial multiplexing, the use of relays spread out over a larger area enables synthesis of a full rank MIMO channel. We focus specifically on the design of air-to-ground wireless fiber links over ranges of tens of kilometers, which have the following features in addition to relay-enabled spatial multiplexing: (a) the small carrier wavelength enables large beamforming gains even for nodes of compact form factor, (b) the large available bandwidths enable multiGigabit speeds for each spatially multiplexed data stream.
Ets Proteins: New Factors That Regulate Immunoglobulin Heavy-Chain Gene Expression (1993)

We used a DNA-protein interaction screening method to isolate a cDNA, Erg-3, whose product binds to a site, designated pi, present in the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy-chain gene enhancer. Erg-3 is an alternatively spliced product of the erg gene and contains an Ets DNA-binding domain. Fli-1 and PU.1, related Ets proteins, also bind to the same site. In addition, PU.1 binds to a second site, designated microB, in the Ig heavy-chain enhancer. We demonstrate that the pi binding site is crucial for Ig heavy-chain gene enhancer function. In addition, we show that Erg-3 and Fli.1, but not PU.1, can activate a reporter construct containing a multimer of protein-binding sites, synergistically with helix-loop-helix protein E12. We discuss how combinatorial interactions between members of the helix-loop-helix and Ets families may account for the tissue specificity of these proteins.
Compact optical modulator based on carrier induced gain of an InP/InGaAsP micro-disk cavity integrated on SOI (2008)

A compact electro-optic modulator on silicon-on-insulator is presented. The structure consists of a III-V microdisk cavity heterogeneously integrated on a silicon-on-insulator wire waveguide. By modulating the loss of the active layer included in the cavity through carrier injection, the power of the transmitted light at the resonant wavelength is modulated. ~10 dB extinction ratio and 2.73 Gbps dynamic operation are demonstrated without using any special driving techniques. The results are consistent with the theoretical simulations.
Semantic Interaction: Coupling Cognition and Computation through Usable Interactive Analytics (2015)

The success of visual analytics is predicated on the ability of users to interactively explore information. Humans think about their data through interactive visual exploration, including testing hypotheses, exploring anomalies, and other cognitive processes of building understanding from data. The claim that these insights are generated as a result of the interaction led the attendees at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) workshop on "Semantic Interaction: Coupling Cognition and Computation through Usable Interactive Analytics" to posit that user interaction must play a more central role in visual analytics systems, serving as the method for coupling cognition and computation. The claims and design principles discussed in this workshop report present research directions to advance visual analytics via a user interaction approach called semantic interaction.
A Convenient Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones with Sodium Hypochlorite under Phase Transfer Conditions Catalysed by Hexaethylguanidinium Chloride (HEGCl) (1996)

For the first time hexaethylguanidinium chloride (HEGCl) was used as an efficient phase transfer agent in the epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones under biphasic conditions.
Hydride-bridged heterobimetallic complexes of gallium and zinc: the first X-ray structural determination of the gah4–moiety (1994)

Reaction of 2 equivalents of LiGaH4 or 1 equivalent of NaGaH4 with [ZnCl2(pmdeta)](pmdeta =N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine) in diethyl ether at 0 °C gives the heterobimetallic species, [Zn(η1-GaH4) Cl (pmdeta)]1, whereas reaction of [M′GaH4] with [ZnCl2(tmen)](tmen =N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylenediamine) in 2 : 1 (M′= Li) or 1 : 1 (M′= Na)·molar ratio, gives [Zn(η2-GaH4) Cl (tmen)]2; the analogous [Zn(η2-BH4)(Cl(tmen)]3 is prepared from reaction with 2 molar equivalents of LiBH4 or with 1 equivalent of NaBH4; complexes 1 and 3 are structurally characterised, the former represents the first reported structure of the GaH4 moiety.
Conformación del diagrama de radiación de un monopolo en L (2009)

The typical radiation pattern of an L-monopole antenna can be easily modified by changing the geometrical characteristics of the structure. To shape a specific radiation pattern through a basic structure becomes an interesting freedom degree in order to better adapt the behaviour of the antenna to the design specifications. Thus, to solve the question,an accurate analysis following the radiated field basic equations
has been carried out. The theoretical study is validated through a simulation and experimental process. The results depict three main regions, delimited by geometrical boundaries, where the Lshaped wire antenna present three specific radiation pattern
types, a monopole-type, a half isotropic type or even, a patchtype radiation pattern. Consequently, the method described
herein demonstrates that simple modifications applied to the geometry of a basic structure, allow obtaining radiation
properties associated to more complex structures.
Interactions of CD4+ plasma membrane vesicles with HIV-1 and HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein-expressing cells. (1992)

To study interactions between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (gp120-gp41) and the receptor in the target membrane, CD4, a new experimental system utilizing CD4-carrying plasma membrane vesicles (CD4 PMVs) was developed. CD4 PMVs were prepared by hypotonic lysis of HeLa cells expressing CD4 after infection with recombinant vaccinia virus containing the CD4 cDNA. The CD4 PMVs carried up to 680 CD4 molecules per vesicle. Their fusion with cells expressing gp120-gp41 after infection with recombinant vaccinia virus was monitored by fluorescence video microscopy by using lipophilic fluorescent dyes. Fluorescence changes as a result of fusion occurred within 30 min at 37 degrees C, and little fluorescence changes were seen with cells expressing the noncleaved HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp160). The preincubation of CD4 PMVs with HIV-1 reduced its infectivity 10-fold. The CD4 PMVs were more effective in inhibiting syncytia formation than sCD4. These results demonstrate that CD4 PMVs could be used to study the mechanisms of HIV-1 envelope-mediated fusion and have the potential to inactivate HIV-1.
Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure (2023)

Abstract Xanthines such as caffeine and theobromine are among the most consumed psychoactive stimulants in the world, either as natural components of coffee, tea and chocolate, or as food additives. The present study assessed if xanthines affect liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Cultured primary rat LSEC were challenged with xanthines at concentrations typically obtained from normal consumption of xanthine-containing beverages, food or medicines; and at higher concentrations below the in vitro toxic limit. The fenestrated morphology of LSEC were examined with scanning electron and structured illumination microscopy. All xanthine challenges had no toxic effects on LSEC ultrastructure as judged by LSEC fenestration morphology, or function as determined by endocytosis studies. All xanthines in high concentrations (150 μg/mL) increased fenestration frequency but at physiologically relevant concentrations, only theobromine (8 μg/mL) showed an effect. LSEC porosity was influenced only by high caffeine doses which also shifted the fenestration distribution towards smaller pores. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in fenestration number was observed after caffeine treatment. If these compounds induce similar changes in vivo , age-related reduction of LSEC porosity can be reversed by oral treatment with theobromine or with other xanthines using targeted delivery.
1024-QAM Analog Waveform Transmission Over a Seamless Fiber-Wireless System in W Band (2021)

We demonstrate a high-fidelity seamless fiber- wireless system in the W band for high-precision analog waveform transmission. The system is realized using a stable radio-over-fiber transmission and a direct receiver in the W band. Satisfactory performance was experimentally confirmed for 512- and 1024-quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals, showing that the seamless system can provide precise analog waveform transmission of radio-wave signals in future mobile networks.
An innovative platform to improve asymmetric bispecific antibody assembly, purity, and expression level in stable pool and cell line development (2022)

Asymmetric Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-like antibody is a fast-growing class of therapeutics among various bispecific antibody formats. However, the expression of correctly assembled products with high purity and yield remains challenging. Approaches have been investigated to facilitate antibody heterodimerization, including protein engineering, cell line development (CLD) screening, and vector element customization. In this paper, an innovative CLD platform was developed to express HLX101, an asymmetric IgG antibody consisting of two different heavy chains and two common light chains. We combined Leap-In Transposase® technology, a novel transposon-based integration strategy with two ORF “dual” and four ORF “quad” expression vector designs, and a microcapillary electrophoresis (µM) based high-throughput screening method, which efficiently identified clones expressing heterodimers at early stages of CLD. In this single case study of HLX101, the percentage of single clones expressing desired heterodimer among outgrown clones isolated from the stable pool was increased from 6% to 35% by varying dual vector ratios during co-transfection. This number was further improved to 90 % by a “quad” vector design. The final titer of a single clone fed-batch production reached 6 g/L. The established CLD platform demonstrated a simple and effective way to obtain high-yield and high-quality cell lines for asymmetric antibody production.
Laser-Plasma Interactions Enabled by Emerging Technologies (2019)

An overview from the past and an outlook for the future of fundamental laser-plasma interactions research enabled by emerging laser systems.
Imine as a Linchpin Approach for Distal C(sp2)–H Functionalization (2020)

&lt;p&gt;Despite the widespread applications of C–H functionalization, controlling site selectivity remains a significant challenge. Covalently attached directing group (DG) served as an ancillary ligand to ensure proximal &lt;i&gt;ortho&lt;/i&gt;-, distal &lt;i&gt;meta&lt;/i&gt;- and &lt;i&gt;para&lt;/i&gt;-C-H functionalization over the last two decades. These covalently linked DGs necessitate two extra steps for a single C–H functionalization: introduction of DG prior to C–H activation and removal of DG post-functionalization. We introduce here a transient directing group for distal C(&lt;i&gt;sp&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;)-H functionalization &lt;i&gt;via&lt;/i&gt; reversible imine formation. By overruling facile proximal C-H bond activation by imine-&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; atom, a suitably designed pyrimidine-based transient directing group (TDG) successfully delivered selective distal C-C bond formation. Application of this transient directing group strategy for streamlining the synthesis of complex organic molecules without any necessary pre-functionalization at the distal position has been explored.&lt;/p&gt;
Critical Nucleotides in the Upstream Region of the XylS-dependent TOL meta-Cleavage Pathway Operon Promoter as Deduced from Analysis of Mutants (1999)

The Pm promoter, dependent on TOL plasmid XylS regulator, which is activated by benzoate effectors, drives transcription of the meta-cleavage pathway for the metabolism of alkylbenzoates. This promoter is unique in that in vivo transcription is mediated by RNA-polymerase with different sigma factors. In vivo footprinting analysis shows that XylS interacted with nucleotides in the -40 to -70 region. In vivo and in vitro methylation of Pm shows extensive methylation of T at position -42 in the bottom strand, suggesting that it represents a key distortion point that may favor XylS/RNA polymerase interactions. Methylation of T-42 was highest in cells bearing XylS and in the presence of an effector. Gs in the -47 to -61 region appeared to be more protected in cells harboring XylS in the presence than in the absence of the effector. Almost 100 mutants in the Pm region between -41 and -78 were generated; transcriptional analysis of these mutants defined the XylS target as two direct repeats with the sequence TGCAN6GGNCA. These motifs cover the -70 to -56 and the -49 to -35 regions. Single point mutations revealed that nucleotides located at -49 to -46 and at -59, -60, -62, and -70 are the most critical for appropriate XylS-Pm interactions.
DSP-free 52km-long dispersion uncompensated optical link employing a 40 Gb/s O-band silicon microring modulator assembled with a 1V-CMOS driver (2019)

We demonstrate an O band 40Gb/s silicon microring modulator assembled with a 1V driver in a 52km metro transmission experiment without dispersion compensation, achieving a record high bandwidth distance product of 2080 Gbkm/s.
The equilibrium constant and rate constant for allyl radical recombination in the gas phase (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe equilibrium constant and rate constant for allyl radical recombination in the gas phaseM. Rossi, K. D. King, and D. M. GoldenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 5, 1223–1230Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00499a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00499a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
EMI problems during system integration of a modern fighter aircraft-a case study (1999)

Summary form only given. A modern fighter aircraft is an electronics-intensive weapon platform with attendant EMI problems. The problem is exacerbated by the use of digital fly by wire flight control system, electronics nose wheel steering and brake management systems, and digital engine control systems. All these systems are safety critical and malfunctioning of these systems due to EMI from onboard electronics systems or due to external electromagnetic environment would lead to loss of aircraft. The Indian Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) which incorporates all the modern technologies has to be designed to ensure that the EMI problems are minimised. EMC engineering was adopted as part of the overall aircraft design, fabrication and testing. This includes formulation and implementation of a comprehensive EMI control plan incorporating various EMC guidelines at subsystem level and system level. Special EMC features include a hybrid grounding system using Single Ground Reference Point (SGRP) concept wherein the return current (power and signal) do not flow through the aircraft structure resulting in elimination of the troublesome common mode ground loop coupling at low frequencies. EMC analysis and prediction techniques were used at the early project definition phase for optimum location of all antennas to minimise mutual interference between various RF system onboard aircraft. Test Plan at LRU level conforming to MIL-STD-461C was strictly enforced and waivers were granted only after aircraft level analysis of the effect of waiver on other system. Aircraft level intra system and inter system EMC Tests are now in progress. As a result of systematic EMC analysis, design and test methodologies at various levels, very few EMI problems were observed during aircraft system integration and testing phase which is now in an advanced stage. However, a few problems which were discovered during the system integration were solved using the EMI Fix method. This paper describes the EMC design and analysis techniques adopted, the EMI tests conducted during the system integration phase of LCS, the EMI problems faced during the system integration, analysis of the problems and the solution to the EMI problems.
Dexmedetomidine Produces Similar Alterations in the Determinants of Left Ventricular Afterload in Conscious Dogs before and after the Development of Pacing-induced Cardiomyopathy (1998)

Dexmedetomidine causes similar alterations in hemodynamics and LV afterload in conscious dogs with and without pacing-induced cardiomyopathy.
Synthesis, structure, and spectroscopy of pseudotetrahedral CoIIN3(SR) complexes. Active site approximations to the cobalt(II)-substituted type 1 copper proteins (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and spectroscopy of pseudotetrahedral CoIIN3(SR) complexes. Active site approximations to the cobalt(II)-substituted type 1 copper proteinsJeffery S. Thompson, Theophilus Sorrell, Tobin J. Marks, and James A. IbersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 15, 4193–4200Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00509a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00509a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views201Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Gallic acid ameliorates thymic involution via activating Sox2 and Nanog (2022)

Abstract Thymic ageing precedes other organs, which is mainly caused by the gradual loss of thymic epithelial cells, and the thymic epithelial progenitor cells have been found in human and adult mouse. Stem cell transcription factors, sex‐determining region Y‐box2 (Sox2) is strongly involved in organogenesis. Homeobox transcription factor Nanog (Nanog) has been applied in cell reprogramming to generate induced multipotential stem cells for its related pluripotency, and its functions in the thymus remain undefined. Gallic acid, one of the natural products of polyphenols, has been used to counter ageing. In this study, we investigated the alteration of Nanog and Sox2 in the thymus of the natural ageing and D‐galactose‐induced accelerated ageing mice and further explored the effects of gallic acid on their expression. 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU)‐retaining assay was also performed to trace the thymic progenitor cells. Our study indicated that Nanog and Sox2 showed age‐dependent decrease in the thymus of mice. Nanog, Sox2 and BrdU‐positive cells were also found to be abundant in the area of cortex‐medulla junction (CMJ) of the thymus, which suggested that thymic adult stem cells/progenitor cells may exist in this position. Gallic acid can upregulate the expression of Nanog and Sox2, which suggested it may promote thymus regeneration from age‐related atrophy and D‐galactose‐induced damage by activating the thymic progenitor cells and increasing the expression of Nanog and Sox2.