gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Modeling and Control of a Synchronous Generator in an AC Microgrid Environment (2018)

A microgrid system model is created to assess transient and steady-state stability during periods of separation from the grid. A secondary control is constructed to dispatch energy sources according to user selected setpoints and participation factors. Two sources-an energy storage device and a synchronous generator-are controlled to share active and reactive load burdens. A system load models the difference between solar and wind-powered generation and load. First-order differential equations are written to describe the system, and implemented in Simulink. The model components carry a high level of detail to capture all relevant modes. Systems include an eight-state salient pole synchronous machine, an AC8B regulator, a prime mover, an equivalent π cable, an RL microgrid load, an ideal battery, a simple inverter model, and a detailed LCL filter at the inverter output. A detailed model of the inverter primary control is included, and a secondary level control, which distributes the power error according to user defined participation factors, is proposed.
Data from Effective Delivery of a Microtubule Polymerization Inhibitor Synergizes with Standard Regimens in Models of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a deadly cancer that is broadly chemoresistant, due in part to biophysical properties of tumor stroma, which serves as a barrier to drug delivery for most classical chemotherapeutic drugs. The goal of this work is to evaluate the preclinical efficacy and mechanisms of PTC596, a novel agent with potent anticancer properties &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and desirable pharmacologic properties &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We assessed the pharmacology, mechanism, and preclinical efficacy of PTC596 in combination with standards of care, using multiple preclinical models of PDA.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;We found that PTC596 has pharmacologic properties that overcome the barrier to drug delivery in PDA, including a long circulating half-life, lack of P-glycoprotein substrate activity, and high systemic tolerability. We also found that PTC596 combined synergistically with standard clinical regimens to improve efficacy in multiple model systems, including the chemoresistant genetically engineered “KPC” model of PDA. Through mechanistic studies, we learned that PTC596 functions as a direct microtubule polymerization inhibitor, yet a prior clinical trial found that it lacks peripheral neurotoxicity, in contrast to other such agents. Strikingly, we found that PTC596 synergized with the standard clinical backbone regimen gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, yielding potent, durable regressions in a PDX model. Moreover, similar efficacy was achieved in combination with nab-paclitaxel alone, highlighting a specific synergistic interaction between two different microtubule-targeted agents in the setting of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These data demonstrate clear rationale for the development of PTC596 in combination with standard-of-care chemotherapy for PDA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Neuropeptides –A Review (2014)

Neuropeptides are peptidergic neurotransmitters, which are produced by neurons. Most neuropeptides where initially discovered in the brain, but later it became clear that a large number of these peptides is also present in secretory vesicles of unmylinated sensory nerve endings of the enteric nervous system. Neuropeptides in enteric nervous system include calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin and substance P, gatrin releasing peptide, neurotensin, motiline and galanin. Many of these peptides are also found in enterocytes in the mucosa. These neuropeptides are released from the enterocytes as a paracrine or endocrine substance under the influence enteric nervous system.
Temperature dependence of the exciton dynamics inDCM2:Alq3 (2014)

We study the temperature dependence of the triplet and singlet exciton dynamics in the archetype small molecule fluorescent guest-host system tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum $({\mathrm{Alq}}_{3})$ doped with 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-julolidyl-9-enyl-4H-pyran (DCM2). We develop a comprehensive model of the exciton dynamics, and use it to fit the transient photoluminescence under different pulsed optical pumping in the temperature range of $80&lt;T&lt;295\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. The triplet decay has a significantly different temperature dependence than that of singlets. From 295 to 80 K, the triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) rate decreases by two orders of magnitude, whereas the singlet-triplet annihilation rate decreases by $&lt;50%$, primarily a result of the different energy transfer mechanisms of singlets and triplets. The temperature dependence of the TTA rate reveals two regimes separated by a transition at 180 K from Marcus to Miller-Abrahams transfer. This work deepens our understanding of exciton dynamics and energy transfer in small molecule organic materials.
Congenital Depression of the Skull in Neonate: A Case of Successful Conservative Management (2009)

Congenital depression of the fetal skull unassociated with trauma is a rare event. In general, larger and deeper depressions are treated more aggressively either by neurosurgical correction or suction elevation with a breast pump. A case of right parietal skull depression noticed at birth in a term neonate born through cesarean section is reported here. Computed tomography scan revealed a bony depression without a fracture. The baby was managed conservatively, and the depression resolved completely at 6 months of age. This case highlights the potential role of spontaneous resolution in simple congenital skull depression.
Surface tension of liquid4Heas measured using the vibration modes of a levitated drop (2002)

Recently, different measurements of the surface tension $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ of liquid helium have given values that differ from each other by as much as 6%. In this paper we report a measurement in which we have studied a helium drop that was magnetically levitated. From measurements of the radius of the drop and the frequencies of the vibrational normal modes, the surface tension could be determined. Measurements were made over the temperature range 0.6 K to 1.6 K, and from an extrapolation, it was estimated that the value of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ at $T=0\mathrm{K}$ is $0.375\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004{\mathrm{dyne}\mathrm{}\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$ The trap potential resulted in small shifts of the frequencies of the vibrational modes. We have developed a theory of these shifts and find good agreement with the experimental measurements.
Conference Reports (1998)

SIXTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON HAPTIC INTERFACES The Sixth Annual Symposium for Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems was held on Nov. 17–18, 1997 in Dallas, Texas. Haptic interfaces are devices that allow human–machine interaction through force and touch. Areas of application include, but are by no means limited, to telemanipulation (for work in hazardous or challenging environments such as space exploration, undersea operations, microsurgery and minimally-invasive surgery, and hazardous waste clean-up) and virtual environments (for realistic interactions with computer simulations in critical procedure training, architectural design, product prototyping, and data visualization).
Development of a cost effective antenna radiation pattern measurement setup (2016)

This paper presents an insight on the recently developed antenna pattern measurement system at COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan. Microwave Components and Devices (MCAD) research group at CIIT has been involved in antenna focused research activities but unavailability of anechoic chamber to measure radiation patterns has remained a huge handicap. In this regard efforts have been made to indigenously develop a radiation pattern measurement system. The system can measure radiation patterns from 600 MHz up to 26 GHz. The reflections from surroundings are suppressed by filtering the delayed signals in time domain. The system is automated through a Labview program which also provides users with the control and flexibility on various parameters. The system can provide gain at four frequency points simultaneously along with phase information.
Induction of Apoptosis in the Immature Mouse Testes by a Mixture of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid (2012)

The toxicity of melamine has attracted much attention since the recent outbreaks of renal injury in pets and infants. Previous studies indicated that melamine by itself had low toxicity, whereas a mixture of melamine and cyanuric acid (M+CA) could cause serious renal damage. At present, most researches on the toxicity of M+CA are focused on the kidney. However, little is known about the adverse effects of this mixture on the reproductive system. In the present study, the toxicity of M+CA to testes was investigated. Immature male mice were orally dosed with 0, 0.6, 3, and 15 mg kg−1 d−1 of a 1:1 M+CA for 28 d. Pathological changes occurred in germ cells, such as loose arrangement, reduced numbers and karyopyknosis, indicating that this mixture was toxic to spermatogenesis. Compared with the control group, the TUNEL-positive germ cells increased significantly and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax, total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly in the 3 and 15 mg kg−1 d−1 M+CA treated group, while the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 remained unchanged. The results suggest that M+CA can induce apoptosis in the mice testes. The downregulation of Bcl-2/Bax and oxidative stress may play a pivotal role in the induction of apoptosis by M+CA in mice testes.
Dynamics of Lithium Insertion in Electrochromic Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystal Ensembles (2020)

Nanocrystalline anatase TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a robust model anode for Li-insertion in batteries. The influence of nanocrystal size on the equilibrium potential and kinetics of Li-insertion is investigated with &lt;i&gt;in operando&lt;/i&gt; spectroelectrochemistry of thin film electrodes. Distinct visible and infrared responses correlate with Li-insertion and electron accumulation, respectively, and these optical signals are used to deconvolute Li-insertion from other electrochemical responses, such as double-layer capacitance and electrolyte leakage. Electrochemical titration and phase-field simulations reveal that a difference in surface energies between anatase and lithiated phases of TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; systematically tunes Li-insertion potentials with particle size. However, particle size does not affect the kinetics of Li-insertion in ensemble electrodes. Rather, Li-insertion rates depend on applied overpotential, electrolyte concentration, and initial state-of-charge. We conclude that Li diffusivity and phase propagation are not rate-limiting during Li-insertion in TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanocrystals. Both of these processes occur rapidly once the transformation between the low-Li anatase and high-Li orthorhombic phases begins in a particle. Instead, discontinuous kinetics of Li accumulation in TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; particles &lt;i&gt;prior&lt;/i&gt; to the phase transformations limits (dis)charging rates. We demonstrate a practical means to deconvolute non-equilibrium charging behavior in nanocrystalline electrodes through a combination of colloidal synthesis, phase field simulations and&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;spectroelectrochemistry.&lt;br&gt;
Comparison ofab initio and density functional methods for vibrational analysis of TeCl4 (1998)

Vibrational analysis of tellurium tetrachloride, TeCl4, was performed with Hartree–Fock (HF), MP2, and generalized gradient approximation density functional theory (DFT) methods supplemented with polarized double-zeta split valence (DZVP) basis sets and relativistic effective core potentials (RECP) of Hay and Wadt. The molecular geometry is best reproduced at the HF and MP2/RECP+DZVP [polarized Hay and Wadt RECP for Te and 6–31G(d) basis set for Cl] levels of theory. The DFT methods gave rise to poorer results, especially those using Becke's 1988 exchange functional. Generally, the vibrational frequencies calculated by the MP2 and B3-type DFT methods with the all electron and RECP+DZVP basis sets as well as at the HF/RECP level were in satisfactory accord with the experimental data. The agreement was good enough to assist the assignment of the measured vibrational spectra. The best agreement with the experimental vibrational frequencies was achieved with the scaled HF/RECP force field. Consistent results were obtained for the unobserved A2 (ν4) fundamental, where the results of the best methods were within 4 cm−1. The best force fields were obtained with the following methods: Becke3–Lee–Yang–Parr and Becke3–Perdew/all electron basis, MP2 and Becke3-Perdew/RECP+DZVP, and HF/RECP. The methods using RECPs are advantageous for large-scale computations. The RECP basis set effectively compensates the errors of the HF method for TeCl4; however, it provides poor results with correlated methods. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 19: 308–318, 1998
Evolutionary programming for fast and robust point pattern matching (2002)

Matching model point patterns to observed point patterns is of important concern in machine vision. Conventional search algorithms not only fail to arrive at the optimal match, but are computationally expensive, time consuming, and search the solution space sequentially. This paper presents a fast, inexpensive, algorithmically and operationally parallel evolutionary program (EP) for optimal point pattern matching based on a stochastic and heuristic optimisation framework. Novel, knowledge-based, genetic operators are defined and are dynamically controlled to achieve "fast fine tuning" and an optimal global search by efficiently combining the elements of "gradient descent" and "random search". The developed EP algorithm outperforms existing techniques and is robust as it achieves a fast, optimal pattern match even in the presence of high noise and incomplete data sets, with insignificant degradation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Clinical correlation of positive direct antiglobulin tests in patients with sickle cell disease (1992)

Serologic findings of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (autoimmune hemolytic anemia and cold agglutinin disease) are not infrequent in patients with sickle cell disease and can he clinically significant. Features of sickle cell disease that may affect the emergence and intensity of immune-mediated hemolysis include the antigenic stimulation of chronic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, increased autoantibody production, RBC membrane defects, and functional asplenism. We describe two patients with sickle cell disease and serologic findings of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, but only one had increased RBC destruction attributed to the autoantibody. That patient's RBCs had IgG and complement on the surface, while those of the other patient had IgG without complement. Functional asplenism may diminish the role of an IgG autoantibody that does not hind complement, since RBCs coated with complement are removed by the liver. Therefore, complement-binding autoantibodies may have particular significance in immune-mediated hemolysis in patients with sickle cell disease.
Nonalloyed ohmic contacts to Si-implanted GaAs activated using SiOxNy capped infrared rapid thermal annealing (1985)

SiOxNy capped infrared rapid thermal annealing was investigated for activating high dose (&amp;gt;7×1013 cm−2) Si implants in GaAs. The SiOxNy encapsulation resulted in enhancement in electrical activation. An electron concentration as high as 9×1018 cm−3 was obtained by 1120 °C, 5-sec annealing using an SiOxNy encapsulant with 1.75 refractive index. Nonalloyed ohmic contacts were formed by depositing AuGe-Ni on a heavily doped n-type layer activated by this technique, where a 9×10−5 Ω cm2 specific contact resistance was obtained. Furthermore, low-temperature (300 °C) alloying significantly improved a specific contact resistance to as low as 6×10−6 Ω cm2 while keeping a smooth morphology. These techniques, including low-temperature alloying, are promising for GaAs and its heterostructure device applications.
Neutron detection in the SNO+ water phase (2018)

SNO+ is a multipurpose neutrino experiment located approximately 2 km underground in SNOLAB, Sudbury, Canada. The detector started taking physics data in May 2017 and is currently completing its first phase, as a pure water Cherenkov detector. The low trigger threshold of the SNO+ detector allows for a substantial neutron detection efficiency, as observed with a deployed ^{241}Am^{9}Be source. Using a statistical analysis of one hour AmBe calibration data, we report a neutron capture constant of 208.2 + 2.1(stat.) us and a lower bound of the neutron detection efficiency of 46% at the center of the detector.
Self Metathesis of Fatty Alcohols and Amines to Provide Monomers for Polyester and Polyamide Products (2010)

Abstract Summary: Self metathesis of oleochemicals offers a variety of bifunctional compounds, that can be used as monomer for polymer production. Many precursors are in huge scales available, like oleic acid ester (biodiesel), oleyl alcohol (tensides), oleyl amines (tensides, lubricants). We show several ways to produce and separate and purify C 18 ‐ α , ω ‐bifunctional compounds, using Grubbs 2 nd Generation catalysts, starting from technical grade educts.
Does Atrazine Influence Larval Development and Sexual Differentiation in Xenopus laevis? (2008)

Debate and controversy exists concerning the potential for the herbicide atrazine to cause gonadal malformations in developing Xenopus laevis. Following review of the existing literature the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency required a rigorous investigation conducted under standardized procedures. X. laevis tadpoles were exposed to atrazine at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 25, or 100 microg/l from day 8 postfertilization (dpf) until completion of metamorphosis or dpf 83, whichever came first. Nearly identical experiments were performed in two independent laboratories: experiment 1 at Wildlife International, Ltd. and experiment 2 at the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB). Both experiments employed optimized animal husbandry procedures and environmental conditions in validated flow-through exposure systems. The two experiments demonstrated consistent survival, growth, and development of X. laevis tadpoles, and all measured parameters were within the expected ranges and were comparable in negative control and atrazine-treated groups. Atrazine, at concentrations up to 100 microg/l, had no effect in either experiment on the percentage of males or the incidence of mixed sex as determined by histological evaluation. In contrast, exposure of larval X. laevis to 0.2 microg 17beta-estradiol/l as the positive control resulted in gonadal feminization. Instead of an even distribution of male and female phenotypes, percentages of males:females:mixed sex were 19:75:6 and 22:60:18 in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. These studies demonstrate that long-term exposure of larval X. laevis to atrazine at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 microg/l does not affect growth, larval development, or sexual differentiation.
Heterogeneous Sensor-Robot Team Positioning and Mixed Strategy Scheduling (2018)

We are faced with the problem of optimally placing a heterogeneous team of sensors and effector robots in an area while taking into account the environment, anticipated arrival traffic, and desired power consumption of the team. We stage the problems of anticipating arrival traffic and determining a proper power schedule as an adversarial game, incorporating our analysis of the game in the objective function which evaluates sensor positions. We obtain the set of sensor positions which performs best at the desired power consumption, evaluating the mixed strategy of sensor activity that best counters the anticipated potential arrival paths. To determine an approximate global optima for a large number of heterogeneous nodes, we employ Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) to ensure our algorithm is flexible over a varied range of scenarios. We compare the proposed algorithm to a gradient-based greedy placement algorithm with a uniform power schedule within simulation.
Influence of Co and Counter Swirl on Lean Stability Limits of an Airblast Nozzle (2003)

This paper presents the reacting flow field and the temperature distribution of two different airblast nozzles, namely co and counter swirl. To support the interpretation of the obtained results, previous measurements of the isothermal flow and mixture field of methane and combustion air are summarized. Velocities within the turbulent flow field were measured by using 3D-LDA, measurements of the field distribution of temperature were performed by means of thermocouple probes. The results show that the counter swirl arrangement provides formation of an additional vortex in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle, which has been observed as well within the isothermal as within the reacting flow. Furthermore, a dampening effect of the tangential velocity profiles towards turbulent exchange of momentum has been observed within the counter swirl configuration. Both effects cause preferential mixing of the fuel with the inner combustion air flow, thereby performing higher concentrations of methane in the near nozzle mixture field. As a consequence the counter swirl flow field exhibits larger areas of near-stoichiometric composition of fuel and air, resulting in an elevated temperature level within the stabilization zone at otherwise identical operation conditions. Therefore, application of a counter swirl nozzle allows a higher thermal load than the co swirl configuration, which offers a satisfying explanation for the wider operating range of the counter swirl burner.
Structure of confined fluids by x-ray interferometry using diffraction gratings (2008)

We develop a novel method for structure determination of confined fluids using diffraction-grating-based x-ray interferometry.Within this approach, diffraction from a microfluidic array, which acts both as confinement and transmission diffraction grating, provides the reference wave, whereas the density modulations of the confined fluid, acting as a weak phase object, generate the object wave. The ensemble-averaged density profile of the fluid perpendicular to the confining channel is then unambiguously obtained from the interference between the reference and object waves by direct Fourier inversion.
Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum glucosidases is required for in vitro and in vivo dengue antiviral activity by the iminosugar UV-4 (2016)

The antiviral activity of UV-4 was previously demonstrated against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) in multiple mouse models. Herein, step-wise minimal effective dose and therapeutic window of efficacy studies of UV-4B (UV-4 hydrochloride salt) were conducted in an antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) mouse model of severe DENV2 infection in AG129 mice lacking types I and II interferon receptors. Significant survival benefit was demonstrated with 10-20 mg/kg of UV-4B administered thrice daily (TID) for seven days with initiation of treatment up to 48 h after infection. UV-4B also reduced infectious virus production in in vitro antiviral activity assays against all four DENV serotypes, including clinical isolates. A set of purified enzyme, in vitro, and in vivo studies demonstrated that inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) α-glucosidases and not the glycosphingolipid pathway appears to be responsible for the antiviral activity of UV-4B against DENV. Along with a comprehensive safety package, these and previously published data provided support for an Investigational New Drug (IND) filing and Phases 1 and 2 clinical trials for UV-4B with an indication of acute dengue disease.