gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial filtering in nonlinear two-dimensional feedback systems: phase-distortion suppression (1995)

Nonlinear-optical methods for input field phase-distortion suppression and corresponding improvement of spatial coherence properties are presented. Analytical results obtained for different nonlinear two-dimensional feedback systems are verified by direct numerical simulation. Our experiments have demonstrated evidence of phase-distortion suppression.
Transition State Analysis of the Coupling of Drug Transport to ATP Hydrolysis by P-glycoprotein (2003)

ATPase activity associated with P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is characterized by three drug-dependent phases: basal (no drug), drug-activated, and drug-inhibited. To understand the communication between drug-binding sites and ATP hydrolytic sites, we performed steady-state thermodynamic analyses of ATP hydrolysis in the presence and absence of transport substrates. We used purified human Pgp (ABCB1, MDR1) expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Figler, R. A., Omote, H., Nakamoto, R. K., and Al-Shawi, M. K. (2000) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 376, 34-46) as well as Chinese hamster Pgp (PGP1). Between 23 and 35 degrees C, we obtained linear Arrhenius relationships for the turnover rate of hydrolysis of saturating MgATP in the presence of saturating drug concentrations (kcat), from which we calculated the intrinsic enthalpic, entropic, and free energy terms for the rate-limiting transition states. Linearity of the Arrhenius plots indicated that the same rate-limiting step was being measured over the temperature range employed. Using linear free energy analysis, two distinct transition states were found: one associated with uncoupled basal activity and the other with coupled drug transport activity. We concluded that basal ATPase activity associated with Pgp is not a consequence of transport of an endogenous lipid or other endogenous substrates. Rather, it is an intrinsic mechanistic property of the enzyme. We also found that rapidly transported substrates bound tighter to the transition state and required fewer conformational alterations by the enzyme to achieve the coupling transition state. The overall rate-limiting step of Pgp during transport is a carrier reorientation step. Furthermore, Pgp is optimized to transport drugs out of cells at high rates at the expense of coupling efficiency. The drug inhibition phase was associated with low affinity drug-binding sites. These results are consistent with an expanded version of the alternating catalytic site drug transport model (Senior, A. E., Al-Shawi, M. K., and Urbatsch, I. L. (1995) FEBS Lett. 377, 285-289). A new kinetic model of drug transport is presented.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Sources and Applications (2010)

The principle of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and perspective of ICP development are reviewed. Multispiral coil ICP (MSC-ICP), which has the advantages of low inductance, high efficiency, and excellent uniformity, is discussed in detail. Applications to thin film processing technologies and the future prospects of ICP are also described.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Transformations of N,N‐Dibenzyl Protected Asparagine and Aspartic Acid Derivatives (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Innovative Interferometer for Industrial Laser Ultrasonic Inspection (2005)

A novel interferometric scheme for robust and sensitive detection of ultrasound is presented. The proposed technique combines a classical Michelson interferometer design and an innovative multi‐speckle processing technique. Multiple Michelson interferometers are integrated into a compact design, each interferometer operating on only few speckles. A compact design is achieved through the use of detector arrays and parallel processing. To overcome the requirement on path stabilization, quadrature demodulation is implemented. The performance of this multi‐detector interferometer is described and its advantage for measurement in industrial environments is discussed.
Low temperature growth of piezoelectric AlN films by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition and magnetoelectric coupling with nickel for energy harvesting applications (2019)

Synthesis of a piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) films is often challenged by high temperature processes in order to obtain highly crystalline (002)-oriented films with low impurity levels. In this study, by means of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD), high quality AlN films were grown at low deposition temperatures of 180 °C and 250 °C. The deposition temperatures and the purging times in the PEALD sequence have been carefully investigated to obtain preferential (002) plane-normal orientation of the crystallites with piezoelectric properties. Interestingly, low temperature processes allow growing AlN films directly on nickel foils as magnetoelectric layer-by-layer composites in which the degradation of magnetic properties is negligible in this PEALD temperature range. The highest piezoelectric coefficient e31,f was evaluated to be about 0.37 C.m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> for the (002)-oriented AlN film of 500 nm-thick. The magnetoelectric coefficient was measured to be about 3.5 V.cm-1.Oe <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> with a DC bias magnetic field of 30 Oe superimposed by a weak AC magnetic field of 12.5 Oe modulated at 46 Hz.
Dream content of schizophrenic, nonschizophrenic mentally ill, and community control adolescents. (2003)

This study compared the manifest dream content of 20 schizophrenic adolescent inpatients whose medications were stable for at least four weeks, 21 adolescent inpatients with other mental disorders (nonschizophrenic group) matched for age and gender, and 31 matched community controls. All participants were administered the standardized Formal Dream Content Rating Scale (FDCRS), which evaluates dream-related anxiety, cognitive disturbance, implausibility, involvement, primitivity, and recall, as well as two additional scales measuring emotional expression and duration of dream report. The Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) was administered to the two inpatient groups. The community controls demonstrated more involvement and emotional expression than the schizophrenic patients; furthermore, they demonstrated more implausibility and had a greater duration of dream report compared with the nonschizophrenic group. In the schizophrenic patients only, elevated scores on the negative subscale of the PANSS were significantly correlated with lower scores on involvement, emotional expression, and dream recall. No relationship was found between the positive subscale of the PANSS and any of the FDCRS subscales. These results suggest that psychopathology per se, rather than the specific psychiatric disturbance, may be associated with impoverishment of dream content, and that negative, rather than positive, schizophrenic symptomatology may be influential in the dream content of schizophrenic youngsters.
Size-Tunable Solvothermal Synthesis of Zn2GeO4:Mn2+Nanophosphor in Water/Diethylene Glycol System (2010)

Zn2GeO4:Mn2+ nanophosphors are synthesized from germanium(IV) oxide and acetates of zinc and manganese(II) in a mixed solvent of water and diethylene glycol (DEG) by the solvothermal reaction at 200 °C for 2 h. Phase pure Zn2GeO4:Mn2+ is obtained for the samples prepared at 0 ≤ xDEG ≤ 91.7, where xDEG is the volume percentage of DEG in the mixed solvent. The particle and crystallite sizes decrease with the increase in xDEG. The sample prepared at xDEG = 91.7 comprises the nanorods with 30.2 and 12.2 nm in mean length and width, respectively. The actual Mn concentration measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis increases with the increase in xDEG and approaches to the nominal concentration, 2.0 at %. The samples show green luminescence corresponding to the d−d transition of Mn2+ under the irradiation of UV and near-UV light. The photoluminescence intensity reaches a maximum around xDEG ∼ 80. This is attributed to the competitive factors, the Mn concentration and the sizes of crystallites and particles.
Automated generation of news content hierarchy by integrating audio, video, and text information (1999)

This paper addresses the problem of generating semantically meaningful content by integrating information from different media. The goal is to automatically construct a compact yet meaningful abstraction of the multimedia data that can serve as an effective index table, allowing users to browse through large amounts of data in a non-linear fashion with flexibility, efficiency, and confidence. We propose an integrated solution in the context of broadcast news that simultaneously utilizes cues from video, audio, and test to achieve the goal. Some experimental results are presented and discussed.
Performance Analysis of Slotted Carrier Sense IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Layer (2008)

Advances in low-power and low-cost sensor networks have led to solutions mature enough for use in a broad range of applications varying from health monitoring to building surveillance. The development of those applications has been stimulated by the finalization of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which defines the medium access control (MAC) and physical layer for sensor networks. One of the MAC schemes proposed is slotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), and this paper analyzes whether this scheme meets the design constraints of those low-power and low-cost sensor networks. The paper provides a detailed analytical evaluation of its performance in a star topology network, for uplink and acknowledged uplink traffic. Both saturated and unsaturated periodic traffic scenarios are considered. The form of the analysis is similar to that of Bianchi for IEEE 802.11 DCF only in the use of a per user Markov model to capture the state of each user at each moment in time. The key assumptions to enable this important simplification and the coupling of the per user Markov models are however different, as a result of the very different designs of the 802.15.4 and 802.11 carrier sensing mechanisms. The performance predicted by the analytical model is very close to that obtained by simulation. Throughput and energy consumption analysis is then performed by using the model for a range of scenarios. Some design guidelines are derived to set the 802.15.4 parameters as function of the network requirements.
MAC Efficiency Enhancement with Prioritized Access Opportunity Exchange Protocol for 60 GHz Short-Range One-to-One Communications (2011)

This paper proposes a prioritized access opportunity exchange protocol for enhancing medium access control (MAC) efficiency in short-range one-to-one wireless communications on 60 GHz millimeter wave. A random back-off access protocol is widely spread for distributed wireless networks and is adopted in IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard. When many terminals try to access a wireless medium, the protocol works effectively in terms of fairness and throughput. However, when only two terminals try to access the wireless medium, it's overhead becomes large and the MAC efficiency is degraded. In this paper, an access protocol that minimizes the access overhead is proposed for one-to-one communications. In the proposed protocol, a prioritized access opportunity (PAOP) is exchanged between two terminals. A terminal having the PAOP (primary terminal; PT) can access the medium with the minimum period whereas a terminal not having the PAOP (secondary terminal; ST) has to wait the transmission by the PT. If the PT has no data but the ST has data to be transmitted, the PT gives the PAOP to the ST. Then the ST becomes the new PT that accesses the medium with the minimum period. Total throughput and transmission delay performance by the back-off access protocol and by the proposed protocol is evaluated by the computer simulations and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Poly(ethyleneglycol)(PEG): a versatile reaction medium in gaining access to 4′-(pyridyl)-terpyridines (2005)

A new paradigm for the synthesis of 4′-pyridyl terpyridines using poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) as a benign reaction medium is described, with the compounds readily accessible in high purity in ca. 4 hours using a ‘one pot’ procedure. This method requires no product purification and affords the desired compounds in reasonable yield without the formation of unwanted side products.
Ray-Launching Narrowband Analysis of UAV-to-Ground Propagation in Urban Environment (2019)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) enabled communications are emerging as a promising solution for the next-generation wireless systems, e.g. to extend coverage and capacity of 5G mobile radio networks. In this paper the narrowband properties of air-to-ground propagation in UAV-aided communication systems are investigated by means of fast ray launching simulations carried out in a dense urban reference environment.
Formation and manipulation of ferrofluid droplets at a microfluidicT-junction (2010)

This paper reports the formation and manipulation of ferrofluid droplets at a microfluidic T-junction in the presence of a permanent magnetic field. A small circular permanent magnet with a diameter of 3 mm is used to controls the size of the ferrofluid droplets within a microfluidic device. In the absence of a magnetic field, the size of the ferrofluid droplets decreases linearly with the increase of the flow rate of the continuous phase. In the presence of a magnetic field, the size of the droplets depends on the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient and the magnetization of the ferrofluid. The magnetic field strength is adjusted in our experiment by the location of the magnet. The induced attractive magnetic force affects the droplet formation process leading to the change in size of the formed droplets. Experimental observation also shows that the relative change in the size of the droplet depends on the flow rate of the continuous phase. Furthermore, the paper compares the evolving shape of the ferrofluid droplet during the formation process with and without the magnetic field.
Metformin: A possible drug for treatment of endometrial cancer (2012)

Metformin is a widely used first-line drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In recent years, it has been reported that administration of metformin can reduce carcinogenic risk and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells including those from glioma and breast cancer. The underlying mechanism is thought to involve increased LKB-1 phosphorylation induced by metformin, followed by LKB-1 phosphorylation and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which then inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and results in inhibition of cell proliferation. In endometrial cancer, metformin causes cell cycle arrest in vitro, reduces hTERT mRNA, inhibits the mTOR pathway via AMPK, and is involved in inhibition of phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein (S6RP). Metformin promotes expression of progesterone receptor by an action opposite to that of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) when used in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate. This enhances the antitumor effect and this approach may be applicable in a clinical setting.
Kriging models for microwave filters (2016)

Surrogate modeling of microwave filters' response is discussed. In particular, kriging is used to model either the scattering parameters of the filter or the rational representation of the filter's characteristics. Surrogate models for these two variants of kriging are validated in solving a microwave filter optimization problem. A clear advantage of surrogate models based on the rational representation over the models based on scattering parameters is shown.
Predictive biomarkers for response to trametinib in non-small cell lung cancer (2022)

Trametinib monotherapy outcome may depend upon cellular context more than oncogenic mutation status. In BRAF WT NSCLC, trametinib may be best suited for combination therapy and dynamic biomarkers could select combinations and predict responses.
Genetic modifiers of risk and age at onset in GBA associated Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia (2019)

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a genetically complex disorder. Multiple genes have been shown to contribute to the risk of PD, and currently 90 independent risk variants have been identified by genome-wide association studies. Thus far, a number of genes (including SNCA , LRRK2 , and GBA ) have been shown to contain variability across a spectrum of frequency and effect, from rare, highly penetrant variants to common risk alleles with small effect sizes. Variants in GBA , encoding the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, are associated with Lewy body diseases such as PD and Lewy body dementia (LBD). These variants, which reduce or abolish enzymatic activity, confer a spectrum of disease risk, from 1.4- to &gt;10-fold. An outstanding question in the field is what other genetic factors that influence GBA -associated risk for disease, and whether these overlap with known PD risk variants. Using multiple, large case-control datasets, totalling 217,165 individuals (22,757 PD cases, 13,431 PD proxy cases, 622 LBD cases and 180,355 controls), we identified 1,772 PD cases, 711 proxy cases and 7,624 controls with a GBA variant (p.E326K, p.T369M or p.N370S). We performed a genome-wide association study and analysed the most recent PD-associated genetic risk score to detect genetic influences on GBA risk and age at onset. We attempted to replicate our findings in two independent datasets, including the personal genetics company 23andMe, Inc. and whole-genome sequencing data. Our analysis showed that the overall PD genetic risk score modifies risk for disease and decreases age at onset in carriers of GBA variants. Notably, this effect was consistent across all tested GBA risk variants. Dissecting this signal demonstrated that variants in close proximity to SNCA and CTSB (encoding cathepsin B) are the most significant contributors. Risk variants in the CTSB locus were identified to decrease mRNA expression of CTSB . Additional analyses suggest a possible genetic interaction between GBA and CTSB and GBA p.N370S neurons were shown to have decreased Cathepsin B expression compared to controls. These data provide a genetic basis for modification of GBA -associated PD risk and age at onset and demonstrate that variability at genes implicated in lysosomal function exerts the largest effect on GBA associated risk for disease. Further, these results have important implications for selection of GBA carriers for therapeutic interventions.
4D Functional Imaging of the Rat Brain Using a Large Aperture Row-Column Array (2019)

Functional ultrasound imaging (fUS) recently emerged as a promising neuroimaging modality to image and monitor brain activity based on cerebral blood volume response (CBV) and neurovascular coupling. fUS offers very good spatial and temporal resolutions compared to fMRI gold standard as well as simplicity and portability. It was recently extended to 4D fUS imaging in preclinical settings although this approach remains limited and complex. Indeed 4D fUS requires a 2D matrix probe and specific hardware able to drive the N<sup>2</sup> elements of the probe with thousands of electronic channels. Several under-sampling approaches are currently investigated to limit the channel count and spread ultrasound 4D modalities. Among them, the Row Column Addressing (RCA) approach combined with ultrafast imaging is a compelling alternative using only N + N channels. We present a large field of view RCA probe prototype of 128 + 128 channels and 15 MHz central frequency adapted for preclinical imaging. Based on the Orthogonal Plane Wave compounding scheme, we were able to perform 4D vascular brain acquisitions at high volume rate. Doppler volumes of the whole rat brain were obtained in vivo at high rates (23 dB CNR at 156 Hz and 19 dB CNR at 313 Hz). Visual and whiskers stimulations were performed and the corresponding CBV increases were reconstructed in 3D with successful functional activation detected in the superior colliculus and somato-sensorial cortex respectively. This proof of concept study demonstrates for the first time the use of a low-channel count RCA array for in vivo 4D fUS imaging in the whole rat brain.
Reducing power consumption during execution of an application on a plurality of compute nodes (2023)

Methods, apparatus, and products are disclosed for reducing power consumption during execution of an application on a plurality of compute nodes that include: powering up, during compute node initialization, only a portion of computer memory of the compute node, including configuring an operating system for the compute node in the powered up portion of computer memory; receiving, by the operating system, an instruction to load an application for execution; allocating, by the operating system, additional portions of computer memory to the application for use during execution; powering up the additional portions of computer memory allocated for use by the application during execution; and loading, by the operating system, the application into the powered up additional portions of computer memory.
Spectral features of Pb-related color centers in diamond – a systematic photoluminescence characterization (2021)

Abstract We report on the systematic characterization of the optical properties of diamond color centers based on Pb impurities. An ensemble photoluminescence analysis of their spectral emission was performed at different excitation wavelengths in the 405–520 nm range and at different temperatures in the 4–300 K range. The series of observed spectral features consist of different emission lines associated with Pb-related defects. Finally, a room-temperature investigation of single-photon emitters under 490.5 nm laser excitation is reported, revealing different spectral signatures with respect to those already reported under 514 nm excitation. This work represents a substantial progress with respect to previous studies on Pb-related color centers, both in the attribution of an articulated series of spectral features and in the understanding of the formation process of this type of defect, thus clarifying the potential of this system for high-impact applications in quantum technologies.
Rotor flux and speed estimators for induction motor drives. A performance evaluation (2005)

Flux and rotor speed observer is required for sensorless control of induction motor. This paper shows some different methods of estimation. There are two flux and three rotor speed estimators, which were chosen from the most promising methods presented in literature. Description of control system with TMS320F2812 DSP and experimental results of proposed algorithms are given too