gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on Multimedia for cooking & eating activities (2013)

It is our pleasure to welcome you to the ACM Multimedia 2013 Workshop on Multimedia for Cooking and Eating Activities (CEA'13), the fifth of its series, held in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Cooking and eating have been the most fundamental activities of humankind from ancient days, which affect various aspects of human life such as health, dietary, human communication, safety of food, entertainment, culinary art, welfare, and so on. However, many people who cook at home require supports for cooking because it requires experience and knowledge. They may also need support for food-logging and menu planning for the health of their family. Needless to say, support for a good and enjoyable dinner would improve the quality of life. On the other hand, systematic cooking and eating support for the elderly and/or physically challenged people are significantly important.

The call for papers attracted 21 submissions from France, Italy, Japan, Pakistan, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. Each paper was carefully reviewed by three reviewers in related fields, and we decided to accept thirteen papers based on the reports. Three of the accepted papers will be presented in the form of oral presentation, which includes one Best Paper Award winning paper, established last year. The others will be presented in the form of short oral and poster presentation to secure more time for discussions, in order to improve the works to an even higher level. These presentations are about the recent technologies in the fields of Application for cooking and eating support, Menu planning, dietary management, and foodlogging, Analysis and utilization on cooking recipe, Analysis of cooking video, Analysis of Web contents on cooking and eating activities, Cooking archiving and recognition, Learning contents creation for cooking, Recipe text / image / video retrieval and recommendation, Ubiquitous environment and interface in kitchen, and so on.

As for the invited talk, we will invite Professor Amelie Cordier of Laboratoire d'Informatique en Image et Systemes d'information (LIRIS), France. In her talk, she will provide an overview of the challenges that cooking raises for computer science and information technology. She focuses on many issues such as representation of cooking recipes, suggestions, recommendations, dietary practices, personalization, social side, creativity.
Ku proteins join DNA fragments as shown by atomic force microscopy. (1997)

The binding of the Ku protein to DNA was investigated using the atomic force microscope. Ku was found to bind predominantly to the ends of double-stranded DNA. Experiments with plasmid DNA revealed that Ku does not bind to circular plasmids but does bind to plasmids that have been linearized by treatment with ionizing radiation. The binding of Ku to poly(dG-dC) x poly(dG-dC) polynucleotides and to a 400-bp DNA EcoRI fragment resulted in a shift in the fragment size distribution to include longer fragments, with internally binding Ku. Furthermore, we observed images consistent with fragments joined together by Ku, showing an interaction with two ends of DNA. These observations suggest that Ku may play a role in physically orienting DNA for ligation by binding the ends of adjacent DNA molecules.
Familial trigeminal neuralgia (2001)

The authors report the case of a 45-year-old woman with medically intractable trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in whom a good clinical response to partial sectioning of the trigeminal nerve was attained. No evidence of vascular compression was found intraoperatively. Several other members of her family, involving three generations, also suffered from TN. The treatment of all affected patients is discussed in the context of a literature review in which the controversies surrounding the origins of the disease and treatment options for patients with the familial variant of TN are addressed.
A single amino acid substitution in PB1 of pandemic H1N1 with A/Ann Arbor/6/60 master donor virus mutations as a novel live-attenuated influenza virus vaccine (2022)

ABSTRACT Influenza A viruses (IAV) remain emerging threats to human public health. Live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) are one of the most effective prophylactic options to prevent disease caused by influenza infections. However, licensed LAIV remain restricted for use in 2- to 49-year old healthy and non-pregnant people. Therefore, development of LAIV with increased safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy is highly desired. The United States (U.S.) licensed LAIV is based on the master donor virus (MDV) A/Ann Arbor/6/60 H2N2 backbone, which was generated by adaptation of the virus to growth at low temperatures. Introducing the genetic signature of the U.S. MDV into the backbone of other IAV strains resulted in varying levels of attenuation. While the U.S. MDV mutations conferred an attenuated phenotype to other IAV strains, the same amino acid changes did not significantly attenuate the pandemic A/California/04/09 H1N1 (pH1N1) strain. To attenuate pH1N1, we replaced the conserved leucine at position 319 with glutamine (L319Q) in PB1 and analyzed the in vitro and in vivo properties of pH1N1 viruses containing either PB1 L319Q alone or in combination with the U.S. MDV mutations using two animal models of influenza infection and transmission, ferrets and guinea pigs. Our results demonstrated that L319Q substitution in the pH1N1 PB1 alone or in combination with the mutations of the U.S. MDV resulted in reduced pathogenicity (ferrets) and transmission (guinea pigs), and an enhanced temperature sensitive phenotype. These results demonstrate the feasibility of generating an attenuated MDV based on the backbone of a contemporary pH1N1 IAV strain. IMPORTANCE Vaccination represents the most effective strategy to reduce the impact of seasonal IAV infections. Although LAIV are superior in inducing protection and sterilizing immunity, they are not recommended for many individuals who are at high risk for severe disease. Thus, development of safer and more effective LAIV are needed. A concern with the current MDV used to generate the U.S. licensed LAIV is that it is based on a virus isolated in 1960. Moreover, mutations that confer the temperature sensitive, cold-adapted, and attenuated phenotype of the U.S. MDV resulted in low level of attenuation in the contemporary pandemic A/California/04/09 H1N1 (pH1N1). Here, we show that introduction of PB1 L319Q substitution, alone or in combination with the U.S. MDV mutations, resulted in pH1N1 attenuation. These findings support the development of a novel LAIV MDV based on a contemporary pH1N1 strain as a medical countermeasure against currently circulating H1N1 IAV.
Examination of Bacillus anthracis Spores by Multiparameter Flow Cytometry (2011)

The ability to rapidly differentiate Bacillus anthracis spores from spores belonging to other Bacillus spp. is potentially useful for combating the intentional release of this biothreat agent. Furthermore, not all B. anthracis strains are fully virulent and the ability to determine the potential virulence of the endospore is also important. In this chapter, we describe a two-color flow cytometric assay capable of simultaneously identifying B. anthracis spores and the presence of spore-associated protective antigen, a virulence marker for strains harboring the pXO1 plasmid.
Imidacloprid - a new systemic insecticide (1991)

The nitroguanidine imidacloprid, 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imid azol-2-amine, is a systemic insecticide. It is a nitromethylene derivative synthesized in February 1985 by Nihon Bayer Agrochem K.K. The biological profile of this compound was defined on the basis of the results of exhaustive laboratory experiments and greenhouse trials. The product is extremely effective against sucking insects such as rice leafhoppers, aphids, thrips and mealybugs, and very effective against whitefly. It is also effective against some species of biting insects, such as paddy stem borers and Colorado beetle, but it has no effect on nematodes or spider mites. It has also been shown that at comparatively high dose rates it kills adult insects and has ovicidal effects. Imidacloprid is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor stimulator. Its mechanism of action differs from that of conventional insecticides. It therefore gives excellent control of all resistant populations investigated hitherto. Imidacloprid has a positive temperature co-efficient. After foliar application it has a good residual action, it is highly photostable and it shows satisfactory resistance to the action of rain. The product is active after oral ingestion and by direct contact, but it is not active in the vapour phase. The LD95 after oral ingestion by Myzus persicae is about 2 pg/aphid. After topical application it is about 160 pg/aphid. It has not been possible to demonstrate recovery of injured aphids, or antifeeding effects. Imidacloprid has a faster action against aphids than oxydemeton-methyl. After foliar application the product shows good translaminar and acropetal translocation, so it is also likely to provide effective control of pests with a furtive lifestyle, and protect the parts of the plant which regenerate after treatment
Magneto-Electrodynamical Modeling and Design of a Microspeaker Used for Mobile Phones With Considerations of Diaphragm Corrugation and Air Closures (2007)

Recent design trends for modern mobile phones are evolving to be miniaturized and versatile sounds in quality. To these ends, a microspeaker with a corrugated diaphragm is employed to broaden the sound frequency range. Due to the fact that diaphragm corrugation and air closures were not considered in any past studies, this study presents comprehensive modeling with the consideration of diaphragm corrugations and air closures. It starts with the modeling on the subsystems of the voice coil motor (VCM) in the speaker. The magnetic field of the VCM is modeled by one set of finite elements, while the corrugated diaphragm is modeled by another set of finite elements. In addition, the air closures above or below the diaphragm are modeled by the third group of finite elements based on basic acoustics. Simulations are conducted with and without air closures. It is found that: 1) the speaker with 45deg corrugation exhibits overall higher (better) sound pressure levels (SPLs), while 2) the 75deg corrugation leads to unsatisfied, low SPLs below 1 kHz and two undesired antiresonances at higher frequencies. The theoretical findings are successfully validated by experiments
Channel power transients in erbium doped fiber amplified reconfigurable transmission systems (2010)

The potential for transient optical power excursions to disrupt transmission is well established in transparent wavelength division multiplexed systems. This paper will describe experiments that examine the evolution of such excursions in erbium doped fiber amplifier based systems with reconfigured channel assignment at transparent nodes along the propagation path. The primary physical effects that couple excursions between different channels will be identified and characterized in terms of the channel loading, distance, time, and radio frequency (RF) dependence. é 2010 Alcatel-Lucent.
The Necessity of Optimizing the Interactions of Advanced Post-Treatment Components in Order to Obtain Compliance with SULEV-Legislation (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Fleet tests conducted on electrical vehicles around the world have very clearly shown that battery-powered cars may be regarded as zero-emission vehicles with respect to their local environments only. Emission measurements on vehicles powered by internal-combustion engines equipped with optimized exhaust-post-treatment systems have indicated the prospects the latter offer for cleaning up the environment, i.e., for yielding negative emissions, when run at their normal operating temperatures. Replacing electric cars with SULEV's is thus a matter currently under discussion. This paper will cover the functions of the various individual components of such post-treatment systems, and will show that optimizing the interactions among those components will improve their catalytic efficiencies.&lt;/div&gt;
Stability of Closed Loop Controlled Repetitive Periodic System applied to control of CD-Players (2006)

In this paper a criterion for stability of specific control scheme for handling linear dynamic control systems with repetitive periodic sensor faults is derived. The given system and control scheme are described and defined. By combining these with the lifting technique a necessary and sufficient stability criterion is derived. This criterion is following applied to an example on a feature based control scheme for handling CD-players playing CDs with surface faults. This feature based control scheme is handling repetitive periodic sensor faults. The feature based control scheme approximates the repetitive sensor faults (surface faults). The fault approximations are subsequently subtracted from the measurements, and the influence from these repetitive sensor faults are thereby removed from the computed control signals.
Infrared Planar Zero Index Metamaterials (2010)

In this paper, we report an planar Zero Index Metamaterial operating in the far-Infrared. The structure, consisting of a Ag screen surrounded by a polyimide substrate and superstrate, was optimized using a genetic algorithm to have a low/zero refractive index with maximum transmission. The measured properties of the fabricated sample show the excellent agreement with the simulations, achieving Re[neff] ≈ 0.41 and |T|2 ≈ −1.4 dB at 18.3 µm.
Thin-film piezoelectric DSA for HDD (2002)

A new dual-stage actuator (DSA) for positioning a magnetic head for high-density hard disk drives was proposed and developed. This DSA device is characterized by applying sputter-deposited thin-film lead-zirconate-titanate material (PZT), instead of the previously proposed bulk type actuator. The device performance was found to be outstanding with peak-to-peak head displacement of 1.2 /spl mu/m at an applied voltage of /spl plusmn/5 V, and suspension resonance frequency higher than 15 kHz, yielding a servo bandwidth of more than several kHz.
Abstract 126: Dasatinib attenuates Src pathway signaling and combined with veliparib and carboplatin potently inhibits tumor growth in PTEN-null TNBC model (2020)

Abstract Background: The combination of a poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with a DNA-damaging agent has shown promise in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); but not all patients respond to this combination. The Src protein kinase modulates multiple cancer cell properties and plays a key role in tumorigenic processes. However, Src inhibitors as single agents have shown limited effects in solid tumors. In this study, we examined the antitumor effects of the Src inhibitor dasatinib, the PARP inhibitor veliparib, and the DNA-damaging agent carboplatin in PTEN-null TNBC cells in vitro and tumors in vivo to try to identify the combination with the most clinical potential. Methods: The PTEN-null TNBC cell line, MDA-MB-468, was used in this study. For in vitro studies, proliferation, cellular apoptosis, and 3D on-top clonogenic growth were measured, tube formation assays and western blot analysis were performed. For in vivo studies, a xenograft model was used to examine treatment responses, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed. Results: Interestingly, treatment with the combination of veliparib plus carboplatin led to an increase in Src phosphorylation of MDA-MB-468 cells. Importantly, addition of dasatinib attenuated Src overexpression induced by veliparib plus carboplatin and further increased the activation of caspase 3 and PARP, thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of veliparib plus carboplatin. In an MDA-MB-468 xenograft model, the triple combination of dasatinib with veliparib plus carboplatin showed greater tumor growth inhibitory effects compared with single agents or double combinations. No systemic toxicity was observed in mice treated with the triple combination. Conclusion: Here, we provide novel evidence that veliparib combined with carboplatin drives Src activation in the preclinical model tested. Moreover, we provide provocative in vitro and in vivo data highlighting the potential for increasing therapeutic efficacy by combining dasatinib with veliparib and carboplatin in PTEN-null TNBC. Citation Format: Yuliang Sun, Xiaoqian Lin, Jennifer Aske, Casey Williams, Mark Abramovitz, Brian Leyland-Jones. Dasatinib attenuates Src pathway signaling and combined with veliparib and carboplatin potently inhibits tumor growth in PTEN-null TNBC model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 126.
An Overview Of The Motional Stark Effect Diagnostic On DIII-D And Design Work For An ITER MSE (2008)

The advanced tokamak research program at DIII‐D relies critically on the measurement of the current density profile. This was made possible by the development of a Motional Stark Effect (MSE) polarimeter that was first installed in 1992. Three major upgrades have since occurred, and improvements in our understanding of critical performance issues and calibration techniques are ongoing. In parallel with these improvements, we have drawn on our DIII‐D experience to begin studies and design work for MSE on burning plasmas and ITER. This paper first reviews how Motional Stark Effect polarimetry (MSE) is used to determine the tokamak current profile. It uses the DIII‐D MSE system as an example, and shows results from the latest upgrade that incorporates an array of channels from a new counter‐Ip injected neutral beam. The various calibration techniques presently used are reviewed. High‐leverage or unresolved issues affecting MSE performance and reliability in ITER are discussed. Next, we show a four‐mirror collection optics design for the two ITER MSE views. Finally, we discuss measurements of the polarization properties of a few candidate mirrors for the ITER MSE. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under W‐7405‐ENG‐48.
Effective diffusion distance of nitric oxide in the microcirculation (1998)

Despite its well-documented importance, the mechanism for nitric oxide (NO) transport in vivo is still unclear. In particular, the effect of hemoglobin-NO interaction and the range of NO action have not been characterized in the microcirculation, where blood flow is optimally regulated. Using a mathematical model and experimental data on NO production and degradation rates, we investigated factors that determine the effective diffusion distance of NO in the microcirculation. This distance is defined as the distance within which NO concentration is greater than the equilibrium dissociation constant (0.25 microM) of soluble guanylyl cyclase, the target enzyme for NO action. We found that the size of the vessel is an important factor in determining the effective diffusion distance of NO. In approximately 30- to 100-micron-ID microvessels the luminal NO concentrations and the abluminal effective diffusion distance are maximal. Furthermore, the model suggests that if the NO-erythrocyte reaction rate is as fast as the rate reported for the in vitro NO-hemoglobin reaction, the NO concentration in the vascular smooth muscle will be insufficient to stimulate smooth muscle guanylyl cyclase effectively. In addition, the existence of an erythrocyte-free layer near the vascular wall is important in determining the effective NO diffusion distance. These results suggest that 1) the range of NO action may exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity in vivo, depending on the size of the vessel and the local chemistry of NO degradation, 2) the NO binding/ reaction constant with hemoglobin in the red blood cell may be much smaller than that with free hemoglobin, and 3) the microcirculation is the optimal site for NO to exert its regulatory function. Because NO exhibits vasodilatory function and antiatherogenic activity, the high NO concentration and its long effective range in the microcirculation may serve as intrinsic factors to prevent the development of systemic hypertension and atherosclerotic pathology in microvessels.
Challenge problems for artificial intelligence (1996)

AI textbooks and papers often discuss the big questions, such as &amp;quot;how to reason with uncertainty&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;how to reason efficiently&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;how to improve performance through learning.&amp;quot; It is more difficult, however, to find
Online Meta-Learning For Hybrid Model-Based Deep Receivers (2022)

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the application of deep neural networks (DNNs) for receiver design, which can potentially be applied in complex environments without relying on knowledge of the channel model. However, the dynamic nature of communication channels often leads to rapid distribution shifts, which may require periodically retraining. This paper formulates a data-efficient two-stage training method that facilitates rapid online adaptation. Our training mechanism uses a predictive meta-learning scheme to train rapidly from data corresponding to both current and past channel realizations. Our method is applicable to any deep neural network (DNN)-based receiver, and does not require transmission of new pilot data for training. To illustrate the proposed approach, we study DNN-aided receivers that utilize an interpretable model-based architecture, and introduce a modular training strategy based on predictive meta-learning. We demonstrate our techniques in simulations on a synthetic linear channel, a synthetic non-linear channel, and a COST 2100 channel. Our results demonstrate that the proposed online training scheme allows receivers to outperform previous techniques based on self-supervision and joint-learning by a margin of up to 2.5 dB in coded bit error rate in rapidly-varying scenarios.