gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local Eigenmotion Control for Near Rectilinear Halo Orbits (2022)

The upcoming deployment of the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway (LOP-G) on a Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO) calls for reliable, low-cost strategies for station keeping and relative motion tailor-made for NRHO. This paper proposes a control approach which harnesses the eigenvectors of state transition matrices (STM) associated with a high-fidelity NRHO solution in the ephemeris model to design long-term station keeping and bounded relative motion. The proposed method effectively utilizes the natural motion of the spacecraft so that control actions are infrequent and fuel efficient. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated via simulations with a state estimator that uses simulated measurements from the Deep Space Network.
Effective dominance and redundant killing of single‐ and dual‐gene resistant populations of Helicoverpa zea on pyramided Bt corn and cotton (2022)

The dominant resistance of Cry1 and Cry2 in H. zea on pyramided Bt crops deviates from the assumption of functionally recessive resistance underlying the high-dose refuge strategy. However, the assumptions of complete redundant killing are achieved for both Cry1- and Cry1 + Cry2-resistant H. zea on pyramided Bt crops. These results suggest that the pyramided strategy could be valuable for increasing the durability of Bt technology for managing H. zea, a pest with inherently low susceptibility against Cry proteins. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Simulation des Flugverhaltens der MORANE im Verlauf von Landeanflügen bei unterschiedlichen Scherwindprofilen (1981)

In diesem Abschnitt werden die von FROST, CROSBY /8/ und FROST, REDDY /9/ angegebenen und näher erläuterten dimensionslosen Gleichungen der Längsbewegung unter Berücksichtigung der den Windeinfluß beschreibenden Therme vorgestellt. Die Gleichungen sind in allgemeiner Form angegeben, d.h. sie berücksichtigen ein sich räumlich und zeitlich veränderndes Windfeld. Sie beruhen auf folgenden Voraussetzungen: Die folgende Skizze zeigt die in den Gleichungen verwendeten Großen.
Synthesis of (±)-Aspidospermidine (2006)

Interest in the synthesis of aspido­spermidine stems from its structural relationship to other important biologically active alkaloids such as vindoline, the lower half of the antitumoral bis-indole alkaloid vinblastine. Sharp and Zard exploited a radical cyclization cascade to efficiently access the core of aspidospermidine in diastereoselective fashion (F → I).
Brain lipid composition in postnatal iron‐induced motor behavior alterations following chronic neuroleptic administration in mice (2006)

Several studies have shown that deficient uptake or excessive break down of membrane phospholipids may be associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of postnatal iron administration in lipid composition and behavior and whether or not the established effects may be altered by subchronic administration of the neuroleptic compounds, clozapine and haloperidol. In addition to motor activities such as locomotion, rearing and activity, a targeted lipidomics approach has been used to investigated the brains of eight groups of mice (four vehicle groups and four iron groups) containing six individuals in each group treated with vehicle, low dose clozapine, high dose clozapine and haloperidol. Lipids were extracted by the Folch method and analyzed using reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography coupled on-line to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS). Identification of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) molecular species was based on their retention time, m/z ratio, head group specific up-front fragmentation and analysis of the product ions produced upon fragmentation. A comparison between the Ve-groups and Fe-groups showed that levels of PC and SM molecular species and motor activities were significantly lower in Fe-Ve compared to Ve-Ve. The effects of neuroleptic treatment with and without iron supplementation were studied. In conclusion our results support the hypothesis that an association between psychiatric disorders and lipid and behavior abnormalities in the brain exists.
BDNF overexpression prevents cognitive deficit elicited by adolescent cannabis exposure and host susceptibility interaction (2017)

Cannabis abuse in adolescence is associated with increased risk of psychotic disorders. Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) protein is a driver for major mental illness by influencing neurodevelopmental processes. Here, utilizing a unique mouse model based on host (DISC1) X environment (THC administration) interaction, we aimed at studying the pathobiological basis through which THC exposure elicits psychiatric manifestations. Wild-Type and dominant-negative-DISC1 (DN-DISC1) mice were injected with THC (10 mg/kg) or vehicle for 10 days during mid-adolescence-equivalent period. Behavioral tests were conducted to assess exploratory activity (open field test, light-dark box test) and cognitive function (novel object recognition test). Electrophysiological effect of THC was evaluated using acute hippocampal slices, and hippocampal cannabinoid receptor type 1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels were measured. Our results indicate that THC exposure elicits deficits in exploratory activity and recognition memory, together with reduced short-term synaptic facilitation and loss of BDNF surge in the hippocampus of DN-DISC mice, but not in wild-type mice. Over-expression of BDNF in the hippocampus of THC-treated DN-DISC1 mice prevented the impairment in recognition memory. The results of this study imply that induction of BDNF following adolescence THC exposure may serve as a homeostatic response geared to maintain proper cognitive function against exogenous insult. The BDNF surge in response to THC is perturbed in the presence of mutant DISC1, suggesting DISC1 may be a useful probe to identify biological cascades involved in the neurochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral effects of cannabis related psychiatric manifestations.
A myopic view of “necessity and sufficiency:” a case of conjunctivitis? (2019)

A recent perspective has argued that the phrase “Necessary and Sufficient,” long a staple of the genetics literature, has been misapplied in the context of neuroscience, and should be abandoned (Yoshihara and Yoshihara, 2018). Here we rebut this proposal on both logical and semantic grounds. We argue that the claim that “Necessary and Sufficient” is “misapplied” in genetics and neuroscience rests on its narrow meaning in formal logic, in which the phrase is used to define the properties of classes of objects. In genetics, however, this term is used as shorthand to summarize the results of different kinds of experiments. This logical conflict, moreover, applies only to the conjunctive phrase “Necessary and Sufficient;” the unlinked use of those words to describe genetic results is simply a matter of semantics.
Temperature dependence of residual DC voltage and its evaluation parameter related to liquid‐crystal and alignment‐layer materials (2008)

Abstract— The temperature dependence of residual DC voltage was studied based on the adsorption and desorption of ions in the liquid‐crystal (LC) layer to and from the interface between the LC and alignment layers during the application of an external DC offset voltage. The relaxation process of the adsorbed ions during the open‐circuit state was also studied after applying the DC offset voltage. Those processes were found to follow the Arrhenius rule, and a new evaluation parameter related to the temperature is proposed for the design of the LC and alignment‐layer materials.
Normal Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Measurements and Interobserver Discrepancies in Volumes and Mass Using the Papillary Muscle Inclusion Method (2007)

Background: The potential of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to provide precise and reproducible measurements might not be realized currently. Methods:We acquired CMR images on 30 healthy adults and compared readings of 2 experienced physicians to determine sources of measurement variability.Results: Simultaneous review of tracings revealed 3 major sources of interobserver variability: 1) choice of enddiastolic/end-systolic frames; 2) choice of the most basal left and right ventricular short-axis slices; and, 3) approach to endocardial edge selection.Conclusions: CMR-derived volumes and mass are measurement-methodology specific.Formal measurement rules and improved computerized edge detection algorithms are needed.
Quantitative Laser Scanning Confocal Autofluorescence Microscopy of Normal, Premalignant, and Malignant Colonic Tissues (1996)

We have a particular interest in the development of LIF diagnosis in colonic tissues for clinical
application during endoscopy, particularly in the immediate, noninvasive diagnosis of small or
microscopic dysplastic lesions not readily diagnosed by routine examination. In order to address the
morphological and cytological origins of colonic tissue autofluorescence and quantitatively asses the
contributions of spectral signatures arising from different morphological tissue components, we have
initiated studies of high-resolution ultraviolet laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy of
unstained, excised samples of normal, premalignant, and malignant colonic tissues. Confocal microscopy
is particularly well suited to this investigation because of its capability to provide quantitative
measurements of remitted tissue fluorescence intensities localized with sub-micron resolution in three
dimensions. Further, optical sectioning of thin tissue sections within relatively thick tissue specimens is
possible, thus anomalous fluorescence signals arising from tissue sectioning artifacts are eliminated.
GaAs inversion-base bipolar transistor (GaAs IBT) (1986)

A completely new type of GaAs bipolar transistor with a base formed by a two-dimensional hole gas has been fabricated. The transistor has no metallurgical base layer but has an extremely thin inversion hole layer working as a base layer. The current gain β = 5.6 at 77 K and β = 17.1 at 300 K was obtained for the common emitter mode.
Supplementary Fig. S2 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S2 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity
Predicting the Future Trajectory of COVID-19 (2020)

We argue that the new coronavirus COVID-19 was probably linked to the arrival of a pure culture of the virus in cometary debris that was deposited in the stratosphere, and first came down in the Hubei province of China. The subsequent worldwide spread of the virus has taken place by a combination of two effects: the deposition of further large quantities of virus at several locations – Iran, North Italy, South Korea – combined with much slower spread through person-to-person infection (itself largely by contaminated surfaces and personal affects). The location of the foci outside China all lie close to latitude 40 degrees N, consistent with the transport of aerosols by cyclonic winds in the stratosphere. It is also remarkably consistent with observations in the 1960’s of the fall-out of radioactive dust deposited in the stratosphere in the last of the atmospheric atom bomb tests. On this basis, we conclude that a stratospheric loading of the Coronavirus that happened in October/November 2019 could take a few winter seasons to be fully drained. A clearer understanding of the causal events that led to the COVID-19 pandemic could help planning future strategy.
Enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassay for insulin using laser fluorimetric detection. (1981)

Human serum samples are assayed for insulin by an enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassay. Horseradish peroxidase is used as an enzyme label for antibody, and enzyme activity is measured by means of the fluorogenic substrate, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. The product is detected by excitation of fluorescence with the 325-nm line of a continuous-wave helium/cadmium ion laser on line with reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. The incubation period is 90 min and the limit of detection of insulin is 30 pM, corresponding to 5 microunits/ml. This method correlates highly with radioimmunoassay, with coefficient of correlation r = 0.95.
Cresol Izomerization in the Presence of Acid Catalysts (2018)

It is shown for toluene oxidation with nitrous oxide that modifying HZSM-5 zeolite with zinc oxide nanoparticles considerably improves the selectivity and yield of cresols. It is found that a 2% ZnO/HZSM-5 composite catalyst also exhibits enhanced and stable activity at high temperatures. For the o-cresol isomerization reaction, this modification of HZSM-5 zeolite greatly reduces the contribution from disproportionation and cracking reactions proceeding with formation of phenol, C6–C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, and xylenols. The regularities of their formation in the presence of the studied catalysts are determined using the results from thermodynamic calculations for the equilibrium concentrations of cresol isomers.
Cooperative Organization of Inorganic-Surfactant and Biomimetic Assemblies (1995)

A model that makes use of the cooperative organization of inorganic and organic molecular species into three dimensionally structured arrays is generalized for the synthesis of nanocomposite materials. In this model, the properties and structure of a system are determined by dynamic interplay among ion-pair inorganic and organic species, so that different phases can be readily obtained through small variations of controllable synthesis parameters, including mixture composition and temperature. Nucleation, growth, and phase transitions may be directed by the charge density, coordination, and steric requirements of the inorganic and organic species at the interface and not necessarily by a preformed structure. A specific example is presented in which organic molecules in the presence of multiply charged silicate oligomers self-assemble into silicatropic liquid crystals. The organization of these silicate-surfactant mesophases is investigated with and without interfacial silicate condensation to separate the effects of self-assembly from the kinetics of silicate polymerization.
Internal promoter in the ilvGEDA transcription unit of Escherichia coli K-12 (1985)

Segments of the ilvGEDA transcription unit have been cloned into the promoter tester plasmid pMC81. This vector contains cloning sites situated upstream of the lacZ gene coding for beta-galactosidase. Using this method we have quantitatively evaluated in vivo (i) the activity of previously described promoter, pG, preceding ilvG; (ii) the relative activity of pE promoter, previously postulated to be located between ilvG and ilvE; and (iii) the effect of the frameshift site present in the wild-type ilvG gene by comparison with mutant derivatives lacking this frameshift site. Isogenic derivatives of strain MC1000 were constructed by transduction with phage P1 grown on rho-120, delta(ilvGEDA), delta(ilvED), and ilvA538 hosts. The potential effects of these alleles that were previously postulated to affect ilvGEDA expression were assessed in vivo by monitoring beta-galactosidase production directed by ilv DNA fragments. Cloned ilv segments were also tested for activity in vitro with a DNA-directed coupled transcription and translation system. The production in vitro of ilv-directed ilv gene expression and beta-galactosidase expression with ara-ilv-lac fusions paralleled the in vivo activity.
Improved antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone modified in position 7 (1985)

The structure-activity relationship of position 7 in the antagonist [N-Ac-D-Nal1,D-pClPhe2,D-Trp3,D-Arg6,D-Ala10]-LH-RH has been investigated by the incorporation of a series of amino acids at this position. The analogues were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis. All purifications were performed in two stages: gel permeation followed by preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The analogues were assayed in the standard rat antiovulatory assay using a 40% propylene glycol-saline vehicle. The results demonstrated that position 7 requires a hydrophobic aromatic amino acid for greatest antiovulatory activity. The compound [N-Ac-D-Nal1,D-pClPhe2,D-Trp3,D-Arg6,Phe7,D-Ala10]-LH- RH caused 65% blockade of ovulation at the 500-ng dose and is approximately twice as active as the parent analogue in this assay system. The enhanced activity may indicate the stabilization of the active conformation via intramolecular hydrophobic or tau-tau interactions.
Electrostatic Capacitance in Ferroelectric Smectic Liquid Crystal Cells (1989)

Contributions of spontaneous polarization ( P s ) to capacitance ( C ) in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) cells are analyzed in the present paper. Reorientation properties of FLC molecules have been studied on the basis of capacitance vs applied voltage characteristics. In the course of polarization reversal, C increases as the component of P s parallel to the substrate of the cell becomes large.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Molecular Identification of GD3 as a Suppressor of the Innate Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 53K&lt;/p&gt;
Improved two-level BVHs using partial re-braiding (2017)

We propose a novel approach for improving the quality of two-level BVHs (i.e., a two-level data structure that uses a top-level BVH built over second-level object BVHs). After building an individual, high-quality BVH for each object, our new top-level BVH build approach selectively re-braids (opens and merges) object BVHs during the build process to reduce overlap and improve SAH quality. We demonstrate that compared to the two main state-of-the-art techniques---brute-force re-construction of a single, flat BVH; and building a traditional two-level BVH over objects, respectively---the proposed approach achieves build times significantly faster than the former, while simultaneously yielding traversal performance that is much higher than the latter.
Resolution enhancement techniques in optical lithography: It's not just a mask problem (2001)

Over the past decade, optical lithography's k<SUB>1</SUB> factor has been continuously eroding despite aggressive improvements in exposure wavelength and numerical aperture. To compensate for the increased difficulty in maintaining adequate process windows at smaller k<SUB>1</SUB>'s, lithographers have gradually introduced mild resolution enhancement techniques (RETs) such as the use of optical proximity correction (OPC) and attenuated phase shifted mask enhanced lithography (attPSM). The penetration of the k<SUB>1</SUB>=0.5 barrier with the 180nm technology node forced serious consideration of strong resolution enhancement techniques such as the use of sub-resolution assist features (SRAFs) with off-axis illumination (OAI), and alternating phase shifted mask enhanced lithography (altPSM). Penetrating into the deep-sub-k<SUB>1</SUB>=0.5 lithography regime for the 130nm and 100nm technology nodes requires broad implementation of these strong RETs in well integrated lithography solutions. After briefly reviewing the history and challenges associated with OPC, this paper will discuss the fundamental concepts and theoretical resolution limits of altPSM and SRAF followed by some experimental results. The paper will then review the challenges facing the implementation of SRAF and altPSM in deep-sub-k<SUB>1</SUB>=0.5 production lithography.
Randomized instruction set emulation to disrupt binary code injection attacks (2003)

Many remote attacks against computer systems inject binary code into the execution path of a running program, gaining control of the program's behavior.If each defended system or program could use a machine instruction set that was both unique and private, such binary code injection attacks would become extremely difficult if not impossible.A binary-to-binary translator provides an economic and flexible implementation path for realizing that idea.As a proof of concept, we describe a randomized instruction set emulator (RISE) based on the open-source Valgrind x86-to-x86 binary translator.Although currently very slow and memory-intensive, our prototype RISE can indeed disrupt binary code injection attacks against a program without requiring its recompilation, linking, or access to source code.We describe the RISE implementation, give evidence demonstrating that RISE defeats common attacks, consider consequences of the dense x86 instruction set on the method's effects, and discuss limitations of the RISE prototype as well as design tradeoffs and extensions of the underlying idea.
Porous SiOCH Post Plasma Damage Characterization Using Ellipsometric Porosimetry (2009)

Porous ultra low‐κ (ULK) dielectrics are used to reduce resistance‐capacitance delay for advanced CMOS interconnects. Since the porosity leads to an increased sensitivity of the material to cleaning, etching and ashing plasmas, new characterization techniques are needed to assess the ULK properties during its integration. We show that ellipsometric porosimetry (EP), especially with the combination of several solvents, can be successfully used to characterize porous SiOCH films after different plasma treatments, using reducing and oxidizing chemistries (NH3, H2, CH4 or O2). The characterization of the plasma modified layer is presented and discussed in terms of thickness, hydrophobicity (EP and water contact angle) and κ value. In addition, infrared spectroscopy is used to quantify the methyl (Si‐CH3) depletion. Finally the plasma sealing efficiency is quantified by studying the solvent penetration kinetics.
Design of H^|^infin;-Control for Plants that Have Integrators (1994)

This paper presents design of H∞-control for plants that have integrators which have been difficult to be handled in the H∞-mixed sensitivity problem.In output feedback control based on the mixed sensitivity problem, the plant must not have poles at the origin of the complex plane because of the restrictions of the 2-Riccati algorithm. However, there are many plants that have integrators such as motors and vehicles. Some design methods for plants that have integrators have already been proposed, but in the methods the controllers have no integrators. Therefore if the stepwise disturbances are injected at the input or the states of the plant, the error between the output of the plant and the reference will not converge to zero.The proposed design is based on partial state feedback control which uses some states of the plant. As in the partial feedback control proposed by Zhang and Hosoe, there is no limitation on the pole of the plant at the origin, it can be applied to the plants that have integrators. The proposed control system has the integrators in the controller, so even if the disturbances are injected at the input or the states of the plants the error will converge to zero. Furthermore in the proposed control system, the degree of the controller can be reduced by the number of the measurable states.This paper shows the difficulties of the output feedback control in the mixed sensitivity problem, the design method based on the partial feedback control and the application to motion control.