gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of pump and treat remediation in a multicomponent plume (1993)

A controlled field experiment was conducted in a high concentration, multicomponent plume at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Clean water was injected into the aquifer and contaminated water was extracted from a well 30 feet away; contaminant concentrations in the groundwater were monitored in between. Among the contaminants were halogenated VOCs, aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, etc. Although the properties and expected mobilities of the contaminants varied widely, the observed field behavior suggested that there was no significant retardation of any of the monitored organics. Laboratory analysis of core samples suggested that (1) the sorbed mass of contaminants in-situ is very low and (2) the sands are able to sorb significant masses of contaminants from synthetic groundwater. The results suggest that some aspect of plume chemistry greatly restricts sorption in-situ. The evidence for and against various mechanisms for this reduction of sorption will be discussed, including the probable role of surfactants and cosolvents.
Mechanistic Studies on the Heck−Mizoroki Cross-Coupling Reaction of a Hindered Vinylboronate Ester as a Key Approach to Developing a Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of a C1−C7 Z,Z,E-Triene Synthon for Viridenomycin (2007)

Mechanistic studies of the Heck-Mizoroki reaction of a vinylboronate ester with electronically different (four-substituted) aryl iodides shows that electron donors accelerate the cross-coupling, demonstrating that the oxidative addition step is not rate determining and that there is development of some degree of positive charge in the rate determining step. These results were used as a basis to allow the development of reaction conditions for the Heck-Mizoroki coupling of a hindered vinylboronate ester with electron deficient methyl cis-2-iodoacrylate. The resulting dienylboronate ester was converted through a series of highly stereoselective iodo-deboronations and Heck-Mizoroki reactions into a trienyl iodide precursor for further application in the total synthesis of viridenomycin.
Case 10 (2013)

Case presentations focus on mapping techniques, diagnosis, and proper catheter placement for successful ablation of arrhythmias. This case focuses on premature atrial contractions, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and ectopy.
A CNN-Based Approach to Detecting Text from Images of Whiteboards and Handwritten Notes (2018)

Detecting handwritten text from images of whiteboards and handwritten notes is an important yet under-researched topic. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) based approach to address this problem. First, to detect text instances of different scales, a feature pyramid network is adopted as a backbone network to extract three feature maps of different scales from a given input image, where a scale-specific detection module is attached to each feature map. Then, for a pixel on each feature map, a detection module is used to predict whether there exists a text instance at its corresponding location in the input image. For positive prediction, the bounding box of the detected text segment and the links between the concerned pixel and its 8 neighbors on the feature map are predicted simultaneously. Based on the linkage information, text segments extracted from each feature map are grouped into text-lines respectively and wrongly grouped text-lines are separated by a graph-based text-line segmentation method. Finally, detection results from three different feature maps are aggregated by a skewed non-maximum suppression algorithm. Our proposed approach has achieved superior results on a testing set consisting of 285 natural scene images of whiteboards and handwritten notes.
Resonant cavity-enhanced photosensitivity in As[subscript 2]S[subscript 3] chalcogenide glass at 1550 nm telecommunication wavelength (2010)

We report the first (to our knowledge) experimental observation of resonant cavity-enhanced photosensitivity in As[subscript 2]S[subscript 3] chalcogenide glass film at 1550 nm telecommunication wavelength. The measured photosensitivity threshold is <0.1 GW/cm[superscript 2], and a photoinduced refractive index increase as large as 0.016 is observed. The photosensitive process is athermal; further, we confirm the absence of two-photon absorption in As[subscript 2]S[subscript 3], suggesting that defect absorption accounts for the energy transfer from photons to glass network. Besides its potential application for reconfigurable photonics circuit, such photosensitivity is also an important design consideration for nonlinear optical devices using chalcogenide glasses.
Dataset for "Silicon-on-insulator free-carrier injection modulators for the mid-infrared" (2018)

This datset contains an Excel file with the data used to plot the graphs shown in Silicon-on-insulator free-carrier injection modulators for the mid-infrared by M. Nedeljkovic et al accepted for publication in Optics Letters in December 2018.
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Multiply Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolatedfrom Patients with Cystic Fibrosis, Including Candidates for Transplantation (1996)

Chronic lung disease caused by antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is difficult to treat, especially in those who are lung transplantation candidates. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility and synergy studies of 1,296 isolates revealed that 172 (13.3%) were multiply resistant (i.e., resistant to two or more classes of anti-Pseudomonas agents). beta-Lactam agents (including imipenem and aztreonam) or aminoglycosides inhibited only 11% of the multiply resistant strains, while ciprofloxacin inhibited 34%. High concentrations of tobramycin and gentamicin (200 micrograms/mL), achievable by aerosol administration, inhibited 95% of isolates and overwhelmed permeability-resistance mechanisms. Antimicrobial pairs tested in checkerboard dilutions of clinically achievable drug concentrations inhibited 75% of the multiply resistant strains. On average, three additive and 2.4 synergistic pairs of antimicrobial agents had activity per strain. Transplantation candidates were older than nontransplantation candidates (P = .034), and isolates from transplantation candidates were less likely to be inhibited by antibiotic combinations (P < .001). Administration of aerosolized aminoglycosides and synergy testing of antimicrobial combinations may represent viable therapeutic options for patients with CF.
TDP-43 proteinopathy alters the ribosome association of multiple mRNAs including the glypican Dally-like protein (Dlp)/GPC6 (2021)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease in which 97% of patients exhibit cytoplasmic aggregates containing the RNA binding protein TDP-43. Using tagged ribosome affinity purifications in Drosophila models of TDP-43 proteinopathy, we identified TDP-43 dependent translational alterations in motor neurons impacting the spliceosome, pentose phosphate and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. A subset of the mRNAs with altered ribosome association are also enriched in TDP-43 complexes suggesting that they may be direct targets. Among these, dlp mRNA, which encodes the glypican Dally like protein (Dlp)/GPC6, a wingless (Wg/Wnt) signaling regulator is insolubilized both in flies and patient tissues with TDP-43 pathology. While Dlp/GPC6 forms puncta in the Drosophila neuropil and ALS spinal cords, it is reduced at the neuromuscular synapse in flies suggesting compartment specific effects of TDP-43 proteinopathy. These findings together with genetic interaction data show that Dlp/GPC6 is a novel, physiologically relevant target of TDP-43 proteinopathy.
PORCINE SMALL INTESTINE SUBMUCOSA AUGMENTATION OF SURGICAL REPAIR OF CHRONIC TWO-TENDON ROTATOR CUFF TEARS (2006)

Background: Evidence to justify the use of porcine small intestine submucosa to augment repairs of large and massive rotator cuff tears is based on favorable results found in studies of Achilles tendon and infraspinatus tendon repairs in canines. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a small intestine submucosal patch to augment the repair of chronic two-tendon rotator cuff tears in humans. Methods: Thirty shoulders with a chronic two-tendon rotator cuff tear that was completely repairable with open surgery were randomized to be treated with either augmentation with porcine small intestine mucosa or no augmentation. All patients completed a PENN shoulder-score questionnaire preoperatively and at the time of the latest follow-up (at an average of fourteen months). Magnetic resonance imaging showed that nine shoulders had a large tear and twenty-one had a massive tear. All patients underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan with intra-articular gadolinium one year after the repair to assess the status of the rotator cuff. Results: The rotator cuff healed in four of the fifteen shoulders in the augmentation group compared with nine of the fifteen in the control group (p = 0.11). The median postoperative PENN total score was 83 points in the augmentation group compared with 91 points in the control group (p = 0.07). Healing of the defects in both groups demonstrated a strong correlation with the patients' clinical scores. The median postoperative PENN total score was 96 points in the group with a healed repair and 81 points in the group with a failed repair (p = 0.007). The percentage change between the preoperative and postoperative patient satisfaction scores was 400% in the group with a healed repair, and 50% in the group with a failed repair (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Augmentation of the surgical repair of large and massive chronic rotator cuff tears with porcine small intestine submucosa did not improve the rate of tendon-healing or the clinical outcome scores. On the basis of these data, we do not recommend using porcine small intestine submucosa to augment repairs of massive chronic rotator cuff tears done with the surgical and postoperative procedures described in this study. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Supplementary Materials from HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancers Amplify FGFR Signaling upon Acquisition of Resistance to Dual Therapeutic Blockade of HER2 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
RECONFIGURABLE PARTICLE SEPARATION BY DYNAMIC ACOUSTIC FIELDS IN MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES (2024)

Advances in diagnostics, cell and stem cell technologies drive the development of application specific tools for cell and particle separation. Acoustic micro-particle separation offers a promising avenue for label-free, high recovery, cell and particle separation and isolation in tissue engineering and targeted drug delivery. In this paper, we present two methods of separating particles in a microfluidic channel. The first method uses custom-made micro-particles and by changing the acoustic contrast factor, the micro-particles shift from acoustic node to antinodes, compared to commercialised micro-particles. The second method relies on shifting the acoustic standing wave in a pattern called dynamic acoustic field. We demonstrate that both methods separate particles up to 100%.
Expression of MAGE-antigens in normal tissues and cancer (2000)

The human MAGE gene family encodes products that can be recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells. Because MAGE genes are silent in most normal tissues except testis but are activated in a variety of neoplastic lesions, MAGE antigens represent ideal targets for immunotherapy. Current knowledge of MAGE gene expression is based primarily on mRNA typing and relatively little is known about MAGE protein expression. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 57B, originally thought to be specific for MAGE-3, but now known to be reactive with other MAGE components, was used in the present study to analyze MAGE expression in a panel of normal and malignant tissues. In tests with a wide range of normal tissues, only spermatogenic cells of testis were reactive with 57B. In tumor tissues, significant immunoreactivity was observed in malignant melanomas and carcinomas of the lung, head and neck as well as urinary bladder. No 57B reactivity was seen with colorectal, prostatic or renal cell carcinomas. Lipo- and myosarcomas, as well as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), were negative, but synovial sarcomas showed intense immunoreactivity. A subset of seminomas was also strongly reactive with 57B. Tumor specimens showed great variability in the number of tumor cells showing 57B reactivity, with some tumors showing only small isolated clusters of positive cells to other tumors with uniform staining throughout the tumor.
Improved Procedure for the Synthesis of Substituted .beta.-Hydroxy Nitriles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved Procedure for the Synthesis of Substituted .beta.-Hydroxy NitrilesJoseph J. P. Zhou, Boyu Zhong, and Richard B. SilvermanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 7, 2261–2262Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00112a057https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00112a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane (2001)

[69304-37-6] C12H28Cl2OSi2 (MW 315.43) (simultaneous protection of the 3′- and 5′-hydroxyl functions of furanose nucleosides;2, 3 protecting group for carbohydrates;4, 5 protecting group reagent for open-chain polyhydroxy compounds;6 preparation of cyclic bridged peptides7) Alternate Name: TIPSCl. Physical Data: bp 70 °C/0.5 mmHg; d 0.986 g cm−3. Solubility: unaffected by water, 0.3M TsOH in dioxane, 10% TFA in chloroform, 5M NH3 in dioxane–water (4∶1), or isobutylamine–methanol (1∶9), or tertiary amines (Et3N, pyridine). Form Supplied in: liquid; commercially available. Preparative Method: can be prepared starting from Trichlorosilane by treatment with i-PrMgCl, H2O, and Acetyl Chloride.1 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the liquid is corrosive and moisture sensitive.
Oxathiaphospholane Approach to the Synthesis of Nucleoside Methanephosphonothioates (2004)

A new and efficient method for preparation of the diastereomers of 5′-O-DMT-nucleoside 3′-O-methanephosphonothioates has been elaborated based on an oxathiaphospholane approach, developed earlier in this laboratory. Appropriately protected 3′-OH nucleosides react in the presence of DBU with 2-methyl-2-thio-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane providing an equimolar mixture of dia­stereomers of nucleoside 3′-O-methanephosphonothioates which were separated by silica gel column chromatography.
Optical steering of dual band microwave phased array antenna using semiconductor laser switching (1990)

The first microwave phased array antenna steered by optical delay lines is presented. Delay times specified by the antenna steering angle were implemented by switching bias currents of high speed lasers pigtailed to the fibre optic delay lines. No beam squint was observed in the radiation pattern of the antenna as its frequency was switched from the L to the X band.
Effect of absorption on quasimodes of a random waveguide (2007)

The field distribution inside a random waveguide has been measured over a spectral range in which the wave is nominally localized. In addition to spatially and spectrally isolated modes, extended field distributions known as necklace states are found inside random samples due to the spectral overlap. Necklace states are shown to be a superposition of multipeaked quasimodes. We performed numerical simulations that demonstrate the robustness of these spectra to variations in the random structure. We also used simulations to investigate the impact of dissipation on transmission and reflection spectra and upon the field distribution of quasimodes.
Apoptosis mechanisms: implications for cancer drug discovery. (2004)

Defects in the regulation of apoptosis (programmed cell death) make important contributions to the pathogenesis and progression of most cancers and leukemias. Apoptosis defects also figure prominently in resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, and immune-based treatments. Apoptosis is caused by activation of intracellular proteases, known as caspases, that are responsible directly or indirectly for the morphologic and biochemical events that characterize the apoptotic cell. Numerous proteins that regulate these cell death proteases have been discovered, including proteins belonging to the Bcl-2, inhibitor of apoptosis, caspase-associated recruitment domain, death domain, and death effector domain families. These caspase-regulating proteins provide mechanisms for linking environmental stimuli to cell death responses or to maintenance of cell survival. Alterations in the expression and function of several apoptosis-regulating genes have been demonstrated in cancer, suggesting targets for drug discovery. Knowledge of the molecular details of apoptosis regulation and the three-dimensional structures of apoptosis proteins has revealed new strategies for identifying small-molecule drugs that may yield more effective treatments for malignancies. Apoptosis-regulating genes are also beginning to find utility as targets for antisense oligonucleotides.
Tibiofibular Bridge Synostosis in Below-Knee Amputation (2007)

Amputation surgery should be viewed by patient and surgeon as the next step toward reconstructive recovery. Surgically removing diseased and nonfunctional distal extremity tissues and fashioning a competent and painless residual limb for ambulation is the ultimate goal. The below-knee amputation level continues to provide adequate outcome for a wide range of morbidities. The development of the tibiofibular synostosis technique in below-knee amputation, as first described by von Ertl in 1949, offers theoretical benefits for prosthetic end bearing for high-demand patients. This article presents a guide for consideration, planning, and performance of a technique for tibiofibular synostosis.
Supplementary Methods from A DNA-Interacting Payload Designed to Eliminate Cross-Linking Improves the Therapeutic Index of Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Sol-gel route to advanced nanoelectrode arrays (NEA) based on titania gold nanocomposites. (2008)

International audience
Methods and protocols for secure key negotiation using IKE (2000)

The IETF has advanced the IPsec protocols to draft standard status. These protocols include mechanisms for the establishment of a secure channel, via cryptographic key exchange, over an insecure medium. Such a channel can then be used for ensuring the confidentiality, authentication, and/or integrity of the communications between two parties. We explain the algorithms and protocols of IPsec's Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and discuss the types of security that the various IKE modes provide.
CT and image processing non-invasive indicators of sickle cell secondary pulmonary hypertension (2008)

This retrospective study investigates the potential of image analysis to quantify for the presence and extent of pulmonary hypertension secondary to sickle cell disease (SCD). A combination of fast marching and geodesic active contours level sets were employed to segment the pulmonary artery from smoothed CT-Angiography images from 16 SCD patients and 16 matching controls. An algorithm based on fast marching methods was used to compute the centerline of the segmented arteries to measure automatically the diameters of the pulmonary trunk and first branches of the pulmonary arteries. Results show that the pulmonary trunk and arterial branches are significantly larger in diameter in SCD patients as compared to controls (p-values of 0.002 for trunk and 0.0003 for branches). For validation, the results were compared with manually measured values and did not demonstrate significant difference (mean p-values 0.71). CT with image processing shows great potential as a surrogate indicator of pulmonary hemodynamics or response to therapy, which could be an important tool for drug discovery and noninvasive clinical surveillance.
Self-Assembling Peptide Solution Accelerates Hemostasis (2020)

<b>Objective:</b> One of the leading causes of death following traumatic injury is exsanguination. Biological material-based hemostatic agents such as fibrin, thrombin, and albumin have a high risk for causing infection. Synthetic peptide-based hemostatic agents offer an attractive alternative. The objective of this study is to explore the potential of h9e peptide as an effective hemostatic agent in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models. <b>Approach:</b><i>In vitro</i> blood coagulation kinetics in the presence of h9e peptide was determined as a function of gelation time using a dynamic rheometer. <i>In vivo</i> hemostatic effects were studied using the Wistar rat model. Results were compared to those of the commercial hemostatic product Celox™, a chitosan-based product. Adhesion of h9e peptide was evaluated using the platelet adhesion test. Biocompatibility of h9e peptide was studied <i>in vivo</i> using a mouse model. <b>Results:</b> After h9e peptide solution was mixed with blood, gelation started immediately, increased rapidly with time, and reached more than 100 Pa within 3 s. Blood coagulation strength increased as h9e peptide wt% concentration increased. In the rat model, h9e peptide solution at 5% weight concentration significantly reduced both bleeding time and blood loss, outperforming Celox. Preliminary pathological studies indicate that h9e peptide solution is biocompatible and did not have negative effects when injected subcutaneously in a mouse model. <b>Innovation:</b> For the first time, h9e peptide was found to have highly efficient hemostatic effects by forming nanoweb-like structures, which act as a preliminary thrombus and a surface to arrest bleeding 82% faster compared to the commercial hemostatic agent Celox. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study demonstrates that h9e peptide is a promising hemostatic biomaterial, not only because of its greater hemostatic effect than commercial product Celox but also because of its excellent biocompatibility based on the <i>in vivo</i> mouse model study.