gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transport Layer Performance in 5G mmWave Cellular (2016)

The millimeter wave (mmWave) bands are likely to play a significant role in next generation cellular systems due to the possibility of very high throughput thanks to the availability of massive bandwidth and high-dimensional antennas. Especially in Non-Line-of-Sight conditions, significant variations in the received RF power can occur as a result of the scattering from nearby building and terrain surfaces. Scattering objects come and go as the user moves through the local environment. At the higher end of the mmWave band, rough surface scatter generates cluster-based small-scale fading, where signal levels can vary by more than 20 dB over just a few wavelengths. This high level of channel variability may present significant challenges for congestion control. Using our recently developed end-to-end mmWave ns3-based framework, this paper presents the first performance evaluation of TCP congestion control in next-generation mmWave networks. Importantly, the framework can incorporate detailed models of the mmWave channel, beam- forming and tracking algorithms, and builds on statistical channel models derived from real measurements in New York City, as well as detailed ray traces.
Seed-Mediated Growth of Shape-Controlled Wurtzite CdSe Nanocrystals: Platelets, Cubes, and Rods (2013)

Prior investigations into the synthesis of colloidal CdSe nanocrystals with a wurtzite crystal structure (wz-CdSe) have given rise to well-developed methods for producing particles with anisotropic shapes such as rods, tetrapods, and wires; however, the synthesis of other shapes has proved challenging. Here we present a seed-mediated approach for the growth of colloidal, shape-controlled wz-CdSe nanoparticles with previously unobserved morphologies. The synthesis, which makes use of small (2-3 nm) wz-CdSe nanocrystals as nucleation sites for subsequent growth, can be tuned to selectively yield colloidal wz-CdSe nanocubes and hexagonal nanoplatelets in addition to nanorod and bullet-shaped particles. We thoroughly characterize the morphology and crystal structures of these new shapes, as well as discuss possible growth mechanisms in the context of control over surface chemistry and the nucleation stage.
TopoOpt: Co-optimizing Network Topology and Parallelization Strategy for Distributed Training Jobs (2022)

We propose TopoOpt, a novel direct-connect fabric for deep neural network (DNN) training workloads. TopoOpt co-optimizes the distributed training process across three dimensions: computation, communication, and network topology. We demonstrate the mutability of AllReduce traffic, and leverage this property to construct efficient network topologies for DNN training jobs. TopoOpt then uses an alternating optimization technique and a group theory-inspired algorithm called TotientPerms to find the best network topology and routing plan, together with a parallelization strategy. We build a fully functional 12-node direct-connect prototype with remote direct memory access (RDMA) forwarding at 100 Gbps. Large-scale simulations on real distributed training models show that, compared to similar-cost Fat-Tree interconnects, TopoOpt reduces DNN training time by up to 3.4x.
Application of immune enhanced organoids in modeling personalized Merkel cell carcinoma research (2022)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine cutaneous cancer, with incidence of less than 1/100,000, low survival rates and variable response to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Herein we explore the application of patient tumor organoids (PTOs) in modeling personalized research in this rare malignancy. Unsorted and non-expanded MCC tumor cells were isolated from surgical specimens and suspended in an ECM based hydrogel, along with patient matched blood and lymph node tissue to generate immune enhanced organoids (iPTOs). Organoids were treated with chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents and efficacy was determined by post-treatment viability. Nine specimens from seven patients were recruited from December 2018-January 2022. Establishment rate was 88.8% (8/9) for PTOs and 77.8% (7/9) for iPTOs. Histology on matched patient tissues and PTOs demonstrated expression of MCC markers. Chemotherapy response was exhibited in 4/6 (66.6%) specimens with cisplatin and doxorubicin as the most effective agents (4/6 PTO sets) while immunotherapy was not effective in tested iPTO sets. Four specimens from two patients demonstrated resistance to pembrolizumab, correlating with the corresponding patient's treatment response. Routine establishment and immune enhancement of MCC PTOs is feasible directly from resected surgical specimens allowing for personalized research and exploration of treatment regimens in the preclinical setting.
Design and construction of a prototype high‐power B0 insert coil for field‐cycled imaging in superconducting MRI systems (2009)

Abstract Field‐cycled MRI provides a noninvasive quantification of the concentration of bound (activated) targeted contrast agents. For field‐cycled imaging to be performed within a clinical full‐body superconducting MRI magnet, an auxiliary insertable magnet is required that can dynamically change the main field strength during the MR pulse sequence. Herein, the design and construction of a solenoidal insert coil is discussed. Design aspects including active shielding, thermal performance, forces, and ramping times are examined. Proper materials, construction methods, and interfacing for the insert coil with a clinical MRI are also covered. Finally, a field‐cycled experiment in a 1.5 T clinical MRI system is described, demonstrating the feasibility of this method and then future novel contrasts available with field‐cycled MRI. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 1–10, 2009
Posttranscriptional modification of mRNA conformation: Mechanism that regulates erythromycin-induced resistance (1980)

The nucleotide sequence of a gene in plasmid pE194 responsible for erythromycin-induced resistance, including regulation of the resistance phenotype, is reported. A DNA fragment from plasmid pE194, obtained by digestion with Taq I restriction endonuclease, was cloned in Bacillus subtilis by using pC194 as the plasmid cloning vector. Erythromycin-resistant, inducible transformant clones containing the Taq I fragment A were obtained in which the expression of resistance was similar to that found in the original pE194 background; an interpretative model of the regulation of the erythromycin-resistance determinant is proposed based on the sequence of the Taq I A fragment. The cloned Taq I A fragment consists of 1442 base pairs and has open reading frames capable of coding for a peptide and a protein containing 19 and 243 amino acids, respectively, referred to as the "leader peptide" and "29,000 protein." Between the putative transcriptional start site and the ribosome binding site for 29,000-protein synthesis, the promoter region contains four complementary inverted repeat sequences named "1, 2, 3, and 4," respectively, in which 1 is complementary to 2, 2 is complementary to 3, and 3 is complementary to 4. Sequence 1 encodes the COOH-terminal half of the leader peptide, whereas the ribosome binding site for synthesis of 29,000 protein is sequestered in a loop formed by the association of 3 and 4. The 29,000-protein promoter region does not appear to contain any transcription stop signal. We propose a model for regulation of erythromycin resistance according to which ribosomes engaged in leader peptide synthesis are partially inhibited by optimal inducing (i.e., subinhibitory) concentrations of erythromycin that, in turn, cause an accumulation of these partially inhibited ("stalled") ribosomes in sequence 1. During induction, the translationally inactive states of association of the inverted repeats, postulated to be 1 plus 2 and 3 plus 4, respectively, are perturbed by a high level of stalled ribosome occupancy in sequence 1, and in the resultant redistribution, 2 associates with 3, freeing 4 and thereby freeing the ribosome binding site sequestered by the association of 3 and 4. Sequence alterations at the 5' end of the 29,000-protein coding region associated with mutation to constitutive expression have been localized to the inverted complementary repeats, and determination of base changes in eight mutants are all capable of reducing the stability of the postulated stems in a manner consistent with predictions made by the model.
Making Sense of Temporal Queries with Interactive Visualization (2016)

As real-time monitoring and analysis become increasingly important, researchers and developers turn to data stream management systems (DSMS's) for fast, efficient ways to pose temporal queries over their datasets. However, these systems are inherently complex, and even database experts find it difficult to understand the behavior of DSMS queries. To help analysts better understand these temporal queries, we developed StreamTrace, an interactive visualization tool that breaks down how a temporal query processes a given dataset, step-by-step. The design of StreamTrace is based on input from expert DSMS users; we evaluated the system with a lab study of programmers who were new to streaming queries. Results from the study demonstrate that StreamTrace can help users to verify that queries behave as expected and to isolate the regions of a query that may be causing unexpected results.
Kinetics of generation and persistence on membrane class II molecules of a viral peptide expressed on foreign and self proteins (1996)

We had previously shown that a genetically engineered Ig expressing an immunodominant CD4+ T epitope corresponding to the 110-120 amino acids of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA), activated T cells more efficiently than the synthetic peptide. Taking advantage of a T cell hybridoma specific for HA 110-120 and transfected with a reporter gene under the IL-2 promoter, we studied the kinetics of generation and persistence on surface MHC-II of the HA 110-120 peptide derived from various carriers. Our results show that the generation rate of immunogenic MHC II-peptide complex is dependent on the nature of the carrier. Abs specific for HA 110-120 peptide or for other epitopes on HA affect through various mechanisms the presentation of HA 110-120 peptide to T cells. The persistence of immunogenic MHC II-peptide complex on the surface of APC is not dependent on the nature of the carrier and correlates with the half-life of class II molecules, suggesting an irreversible binding of peptides to MHC-II molecules in 2PK3 murine B lymphoma cells.
Two‐in‐One: Inherent Anhydrous and Water‐Assisted High Proton Conduction in a 3D Metal–Organic Framework (2013)

Abstract The development of solid‐state proton‐conducting materials with high conductivity that operate under both anhydrous and humidified conditions is currently of great interest in fuel‐cell technology. A 3D metal–organic framework (MOF) with acid–base pairs in its coordination space that efficiently conducts protons under both anhydrous and humid conditions has now been developed. The anhydrous proton conductivity for this MOF is among the highest values that have been reported for MOF materials, whereas its water‐assisted proton conductivity is comparable to that of the organic polymer Nafion, which is currently used for practical applications. Unlike other MOFs, which conduct protons either under anhydrous or humid conditions, this compound should represent a considerable advance in the development of efficient solid‐state proton‐conducting materials that work under both anhydrous and humid conditions.
Chapter 19: Glass-ceramics for engineering optical properties and nonlinear optics for engineering glass ceramics (2020)

International audience
Acoustically-driven spherical implosions and the possibility of thermonuclear reactions (2002)

Acoustically driven, gas-filled cavities in liquids have been known to collapse violently, generating short flashes of light of ∼100 psec duration. This phenomenon has been known as Sonoluminescence (SL) and was first observed by Marinesco et al. in 1933. Ten years ago the author pioneered a technique for observing the oscillations of a single, gas-filled cavity (termed Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence) which has provided new insights into the phenomenon of sonoluminescence. More recently, the possibility of generating fusion reactions using acoustics has been considered. Results of computer simulations and preliminary experimental data will be presented. Back-of-the-envelope calculations in terms of the acoustical and thermodynamic parameters necessary to achieve Thermonuclear reactions will be presented in an effort to evaluate the feasibility of Sonofusion as an energy source.
High-electron-mobility GaN grown on free-standing GaN templates by ammonia-based molecular beam epitaxy (2014)

The dependence of electron mobility on growth conditions and threading dislocation density (TDD) was studied for n−-GaN layers grown by ammonia-based molecular beam epitaxy. Electron mobility was found to strongly depend on TDD, growth temperature, and Si-doping concentration. Temperature-dependent Hall data were fit to established transport and charge-balance equations. Dislocation scattering was analyzed over a wide range of TDDs (∼2 × 106 cm−2 to ∼2 × 1010 cm−2) on GaN films grown under similar conditions. A correlation between TDD and fitted acceptor states was observed, corresponding to an acceptor state for almost every c lattice translation along each threading dislocation. Optimized GaN growth on free-standing GaN templates with a low TDD (∼2 × 106 cm−2) resulted in electron mobilities of 1265 cm2/Vs at 296 K and 3327 cm2/Vs at 113 K.
Adaptive Friction Compensation Design for Submicrometer Positioning of High Precision Stage (2007)

This paper presents an adaptive friction compensation algorithm based on LuGre friction model with only measurements of position for a high precision stage using a synchronous piezoelectric device driver (SPIDER). Two observers are used to estimate an unmeasured friction state in LuGre model. Adaptive control laws are derived on the basis of the Lyapunov technique for estimating unknown friction parameters, and compensating friction force. Lyapunov's direct method is used to prove the robust global convergence of position tracking errors. Experimental results taken from SPIDER system confirm that the proposed control method achieved fine positioning with respect to friction behavior.
Thoughts on (im)perfective imperatives (2009)

This paper is a sketch of some of the issues concerning the relation between aspect and mood, more particularly the interaction of the perfective imper-fective distinction and the mood dimension of the positive imperative. As far as we know, this issue has never been dealt from a typological point of
A20 (Tnfaip3) Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Protects against Influenza A Virus Infection (2012)

The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against viruses and other pathogens by responding to specific microbial molecules. Influenza A virus (IAV) produces double-stranded RNA as an intermediate during the replication life cycle, which activates the intracellular pathogen recognition receptor RIG-I and induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and antiviral interferon. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate innate immune responses to IAV and other viruses is of key importance to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here we used myeloid cell specific A20 knockout mice to examine the role of the ubiquitin-editing protein A20 in the response of myeloid cells to IAV infection. A20 deficient macrophages were hyperresponsive to double stranded RNA and IAV infection, as illustrated by enhanced NF-kB and IRF3 activation, concomitant with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and type I interferon. In vivo this was associated with an increased number of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in the lungs of IAV infected mice. Surprisingly, myeloid cell specific A20 knockout mice are protected against lethal IAV infection. These results challenge the general belief that an excessive host proinflammatory response is associated with IAV-induced lethality, and suggest that under certain conditions inhibition of A20 might be of interest in the management of IAV infections.
Palladium-catalyzed reactions in the synthesis of 3- and 4-substituted indoles. Approaches to ergot alkaloids (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed reactions in the synthesis of 3- and 4-substituted indoles. Approaches to ergot alkaloidsPeter J. Harrington and Louis S. HegedusCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 15, 2657–2662Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00189a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00189a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2416Altmetric-Citations173LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antibacterial Activity of Indole and Its Related Compounds against Pseudomonas solanacearum. (V). Identification of a Major Metabolite of Antibacterial 3-Indolepropionic Acid in Tomato Leaves. (1994)

[in Japanese]
A test-proven As-grown-Generation (A-G) model for predicting NBTI under use-bias (2015)

For the first time, we demonstrate that A-G model extracted from short Vg-accelerated stresses can predict both long term DC and AC NBTI under low and dynamic operation Vg. This is achieved by successfully separating non-saturating defects from the saturating ones, allowing reliable extraction of power exponents needed for long term prediction. Unlike R-D model, A-G model does not require solving differential equations for AC NBTI. This saves computation time significantly, especially for high-frequency that needs small time-step, and makes it readily implementable in SPICE-like simulators.
Remarks on the signs ofgfactors in atomic and molecular Zeeman spectroscopy (2000)

This paper draws attention to the advantages that would be obtained by adopting a new convention for the sign of g factors that would make the g factor for electron spin a negative quantity (g ≈ −2), rather than a positive quantity as generally adopted at present. The editors are aware that the proposal made in this paper concerning the conventional sign of the g factor for electron spin will be seen by some readers as controversial. We have nonetheless agreed to publish this paper in the hope that it will stimulate discussion. The editors would welcome comments on this proposal in the form of short papers, which they will then be happy to consider for publication together at a later date. Various magnetic moments, associated with rotational, vibrational, nuclear spin, electron orbital and electron spin angular momenta, can contribute to the Zeeman effect in atoms and molecules. They are considered in this paper in the context of the effective Hamiltonian where relativistic and other corrections as well as the effects of mixing with other electronic states are absorbed in appropriate g factors. In spherically symmetric systems, the magnetic dipole moment arising from a specific angular momentum can be written as the product of three factors: the nuclear or Bohr magneton (which is positive), the g factor (which may be positive or negative), and the corresponding angular momentum (which is a vector). A convention is discussed, in which the sign of the g factor is positive when the dipole moment is parallel to its angular momentum and negative when it is antiparallel. This would have the advantage that it could be applied consistently in any situation. Such a choice would require the g factors for the electron orbital and electron spin angular momenta to be negative. This concept can easily be extended to the case of a general molecule where the relation between the dipole and angular momentum vectors has tensorial character.
The RNA-binding protein TTP is a global post-transcriptional regulator of feedback control in inflammation (2016)

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) facilitate post-transcriptional control of eukaryotic gene expression at multiple levels. The RBP tristetraprolin (TTP/Zfp36) is a signal-induced phosphorylated anti-inflammatory protein guiding unstable mRNAs of pro-inflammatory proteins for degradation and preventing translation. Using iCLIP, we have identified numerous mRNA targets bound by wild-type TTP and by a non-MK2-phosphorylatable TTP mutant (TTP-AA) in 1 h LPS-stimulated macrophages and correlated their interaction with TTP to changes at the level of mRNA abundance and translation in a transcriptome-wide manner. The close similarity of the transcriptomes of TTP-deficient and TTP-expressing macrophages upon short LPS stimulation suggested an effective inactivation of TTP by MK2, whereas retained RNA-binding capacity of TTP-AA to 3'UTRs caused profound changes in the transcriptome and translatome, altered NF-κB-activation and induced cell death. Increased TTP binding to the 3'UTR of feedback inhibitor mRNAs, such as Ier3, Dusp1 or Tnfaip3, in the absence of MK2-dependent TTP neutralization resulted in a strong reduction of their protein synthesis contributing to the deregulation of the NF-κB-signaling pathway. Taken together, our study uncovers a role of TTP as a suppressor of feedback inhibitors of inflammation and highlights the importance of fine-tuned TTP activity-regulation by MK2 in order to control the pro-inflammatory response.
Abstract B103: Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is expressed in primary human leukemic cells. (2008)

Abstract B103 Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins that facilitate transcellular water movements. H uman AQPs have previously been associated with increased expression in solid tumors. Recent reports suggest the role of AQP5 in promoting cancer progression, providing a potential basis for designing a novel therapy targeting AQP5 . However, its expression pattern in hematologic malignancies has not been described yet. Thus, here, we have performed flow cytometry analysis with bone marrow samples of human leukemic patients (n=47). We have found that AQP5 is expressed in human leukemia (57.4%, 27/47) including acute myeloid leukemia (13/22), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (6/10), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (7/14) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1/1). However, normal bone marrow samples (n=5) did not show any expression of AQP5. Among 47 samples, cells with only surface expression of AQP5 were 8 (17.0%), cells with only cytoplasmic expression were 12 (25.5%), and cells with both surface and cytoplasmic expression were 7 (14.9%). Of interest, the association between AQP5 expression and resistance in chemotherapy was suggestive (chi square test, p=0.059). 7 out of 8 relapse cases expressed AQP5. Intriguingly, the odds of developing relapse in patients with AQP5 expression (7/20) was 6.7 times that in patients without AQP5 expression (1/19). In summary, our report demonstrates for the first time that human AQP5 is expressed in all types of primary human leukemic cells. It also provides a basis for pursuing its possible role in the progression of human blood cancers as in solid tumors. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B103.