gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4K-5 Shear Wave Velocity Estimation Using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulsive Excitation in Liver In Vivo (2006)

Acoustic radiation force can be used to mechanically excite tissue in remote, focused locations, and the tissue response can be monitored using ultrasonic correlation based methods. The speed with which the resulting shear waves propagate away from the focal region can be estimated and used to quantify the material shear modulus, as originally proposed by Sarvazyan et. al. (1998). This imaging approach has been implemented by Bercoff et. al. (2004), using a highly parallel custom ultrasound system, and Helmholtz reconstructions. We have developed a system that is implemented on a commercial scanner using 4:1 parallel processing, and a new algorithm for estimating shear wave speed, which does not require 2nd order temporal and spatial differentiation of displacement data. The method is robust and generates consistent measurements over multiple acquisitions. The goal of our work is to develop this system for the purpose of staging liver fibrosis. The method was used to measure elastic moduli of liver in vivo in healthy human volunteers, and in a rat model, and the moduli obtained with this method are consistent with those reported in the literature
Nanostructured sapphire optical fiber with Au nanorods entrapped in the cladding for gas sensing in harsh environments (Conference Presentation) (2019)

This presentation reports the use of nanostructured sapphire optical fiber (NSOF) with Au nanorods entrapped in anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) cladding for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing at elevated temperatures. Specifically, Au nanorods were fabricated in AAO pore channels by in-situ electroless reduction aided with Au nanoparticle catalysts. We show that the AAO pore channels endow the Au nanorods with enhanced thermal stability through geometrical confinement at up to 1000°C. The NSOF with entrapped Au nanorods was used for SERS measurements at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 800°C. The capacity of the novel fiber structure for sensing of hot gases in harsh environments was demonstrated.
Electrical Characteristics and Reliability of Multi-channel Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Transistors (2006)

We demonstrate the fabrication process and the electrical characteristics of n-channel polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) with different numbers of channel stripes. The device's electrical characteristics, such as on-current, threshold voltage, and subthreshold swing, were improved by increasing the number of channel stripes due to the enhancement of gate control. However, the electric field strength near the drain side was enlarged in multi-channel structures, causing severe impact ionization. The degradation of device's reliability under various electrical stress conditions was suggested.
Comparison of GaN Buffer Layers Grown on GaAs (111)A and (111)B Surfaces (2001)

Comparison of low-temperature (LT-) GaN buffer layers grown on GaAs {111} surfaces has been performed. LT-GaN buffer layers of 0–160 nm thickness were grown simultaneously both on GaAs (111)A and (111)B surfaces by metalorganic hydrogen chloride vapor phase epitaxy (MOHVPE) at 550 °C. On GaAs (111)A surface, the LT-GaN buffer layers showed smooth surface and covered the GaAs homogeneously. On GaAs (111)B surface, however, the LT-GaN buffer layers showed rough surface with some pits, and surface roughness increased with increasing thickness of the LT-GaN buffer layer. Due to the poor morphology of the LT-GaN buffer layers on GaAs (111)B, the GaAs was eroded during subsequent heating up to 1000 °C in NH3 ambient, whereas no deterioration was observed on GaAs (111)A surfaces covered with the LT-GaN buffer layers.
Documento conceptual sobre Redes de Excelencia para la Investigación y la Educación (2015)

“Redes de Excelencia” focalizadas permitirán que las instituciones en América Latina desarrollen ecosistemas de investigación y educación de un modo mucho más rápido que si siguieran procesos "orgánicos" o locales. Una vez implementados, estos ecosistemas no solo permitirán profundas transformaciones que lleven a economías basadas en el conocimiento, sino que también desempeñarán roles claves en las redes necesarias para los sistemas de innovación regionales. Para acelerar el desarrollo de ecosistemas de investigación y educación en toda América, los autores proponen establecer “Redes de Excelencia” en las áreas claves. Cada Red de Excelencia será multiinstitucional, multisectorial (universidad, empresa, gobierno, ONG) y multinacional. Estas redes multifacéticas permitirán que los participantes en conjunto definan y compartan programas, políticas y contenidos, y por ende, aprovechen mucho mejor los recursos brindados para programas vinculados a ellas. Al incorporar las mejores prácticas de todo el mundo y construir sobre los puntos fuertes existentes y los aspectos exclusivos de la región, los programas focalizados pueden lograr que las universidades en América Latina superen los programas existentes y creen ecosistemas de investigación y educación simbióticos con el gobierno y la industria.
ChemInform Abstract: Completely Regioselective γ‐Addition in Aldol Reaction of the Conjugate Base of the Pentacarbonyl(propenylpyrrolidinocarbene) chromium(0) Complex with Aldehydes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Segurança do Produto: Uma Investigação na Usabilidade de Produtos de Consumo (2007)

Este artigo refere-se ao estudo realizado em Recife-PE, focado na usabilidadede produtos de consumo sobre uma amostra de usuários. Neste, foram aplicados questionários obtendo-se dados comportamentais em situações de uso, inclusive situações de acidentes, analisando-as “in-loco” através de simulações. Ao final, é apresentada uma análise comparativa de uma pesquisa similar no Rio de Janeiro e principais conclusões.
Supplementary Data from Phase I Clinical Trial of DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Decitabine and PARP Inhibitor Talazoparib Combination Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

Supplementary Data from Phase I Clinical Trial of DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Decitabine and PARP Inhibitor Talazoparib Combination Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Cross-correlation technique for dispersion characterization of chirped volume Bragg gratings (2009)

We propose using cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating for dispersion characterization of optical elements with high dispersion, such as ultrashort pulse stretchers and compressors. The technique is based on spectrally resolved second-order cross correlation (sum frequency generation) of a stretched pulse with a reference short pulse. Dispersion of optical elements with a high pulse stretching ratio can be completely characterized using this method, even with moderate resolution of spectral measurements of the cross-correlation signal. The proposed technique is used to measure dispersion of a chirped Bragg grating recorded in photo-thermo-refractive glass. It was found that dispersion of these gratings is almost linear with wavelength and has approximately the same slope with opposite signs for two orientations of the grating with opposite faces of the grating used as the input face. Analysis of higher-order dispersion of the grating shows some variations of dispersion across the aperture of the grating, mostly in the amount of third-order dispersion contribution.
Intra-Cluster Characteristics of 28 GHz Wireless Channel in Urban Micro Street Canyon (2016)

This paper investigates intra-cluster channel characteristics of non line-of-sight (NLOS) 28 GHz channels in street canyon scenarios. These channel characteristics include cluster numbers, number of subpaths within each cluster, intra-cluster delay spreads, and intra-cluster angular spreads. Both measurement and ray tracing results are presented and compared. Furthermore, distribution fittings are performed and models and parameters for different intra-cluster channel characteristics are proposed.
Investigation on best combining scheme for diversity branches in joint MLD for PUCCH in LTE uplink (2011)

In Release 8 Long-Term Evolution (LTE) by the 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the uplink control channel called the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) is specified. The PUCCH carries channel-quality indicator (CQI) and acknowledgement (ACK)/negative-acknowledgement (NACK) signals. This paper investigates the best scheme to combine diversity branches for joint maximum likelihood detection (MLD) for the PUCCH in the LTE uplink. Coherent combining of the correlation signals for two frequency-hopped slots and two receiver antennas reduces the noise components effectively; however, it incurs channel estimation error. Hence, we present decision-feedback channel estimation (DFCE) associated with the joint MLD. The correlation signals when combined in squared form do not require channel estimation. Based on link-level simulations, we clarify that the squared combining of the correlation signals for frequency-hopping diversity and antenna diversity branches is the most appropriate scheme based on the trade-off relationship between the effective suppression of noise components and the elimination of channel estimation error for the PUCCH using joint MLD in the LTE uplink.
The pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative PD180970 inhibits p210Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase and induces apoptosis of K562 leukemic cells. (2000)

PD180970 is a novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine class of ATP-competitive inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinases. We found that PD180970 inhibited in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation of p210Bcr-Abl (IC50 = 170 nM) and the p210BcrAbl substrates Gab2 and CrkL (IC50 = 80 nM) in human K562 chronic myelogenous leukemic cells. In vitro, PD180970 potently inhibited autophosphorylation of p210Bcr-Abl (IC50 = 5 nM) and the kinase activity of purified recombinant Abl tyrosine kinase (IC50 = 2.2 nM). Incubation of K562 cells with PD180970 resulted in cell death. Results of nuclear staining, apoptotic-specific poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, and annexin V binding assays indicated that PD180970 induced apoptosis of K562 cells. In contrast, PD180970 had no apparent effects on the growth and viability of p210Bcr-Abl-negative HL60 human leukemic cells. Thus, PD180970 is among the most potent inhibitors of the p210Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, which is present in almost all cases of human chronic myelogenous leukemia. These findings indicate that PD180970 is a promising candidate as a novel therapeutic agent for Bcr-Abl-positive leukemia.
hI-con1, a factor VII-IgGFc chimeric protein targeting tissue factor for immunotherapy of uterine serous papillary carcinoma (2010)

hI-con1 induces strong cytotoxicity against primary chemotherapy-resistant USPC cell lines overexpressing TF. The hI-con1 may represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients harbouring advanced, recurrent and/or metastatic USPC refractory to standard treatment modalities.
Highly Regio- and Stereoselective One-Pot Synthesis of Carbohydrate-Based Butyrolactones (2013)

The use of manganese(III) acetate allows the direct synthesis of diverse arrays of [4.3.0] bicyclic carbohydrate-based γ-lactone building blocks from glycals. A mechanism to explain the high regio- and stereoselectivity is proposed. The new reaction has the potential to generate libraries for biological screening.
Neural Encoding of Sound Sensation Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Acoustic Nerve (1973)

A series of psychoacoustic experiments was conducted in subjects implanted with a permanent intracochlear bipolar electrode. These experiments were designed to reveal the nature of the sensation evoked by direct sinusoidal electrical stimulation of the acoustic nerve. A series of single unit experiments in the inferior colliculus of cats was then conducted, using intracochlear stimulus electrodes identical to those implanted in human subjects in all respects except size, and using identical stimuli. These physiological experiments were designed to reveal how sounds evoked by intracochlear electrical stimulation in humans are generated and encoded in the auditory nervous system. Among the results were the following: 1) The sensation arises from direct electrical stimulation of the acoustic nerve. It is not “electrophonic” hearing arising from electro-mechanical excitation of hair cells. 2) While sounds are heard with electrical stimulation at frequencies from below 25 to above 10,000 Hz, the useful range of discriminative hearing is limited to frequencies below 400–600 Hz. 3) There is no “place” coding of electrical stimuli of different frequency. Tonal sensations generated by electrical stimulation must be encoded by the time order of discharge of auditory neurons. 4) The periods of sinusoidal electrical stimuli are encoded in discharges of inferior colliculus neurons at frequencies up to 400–600 Hz. 5) Both psychoacoustic and physiological evidence indicates that the low tone sensations evoked by electrical stimulation are akin to the sensations of “periodicity pitch” generated in the normal cochlea. 6) Most cochlear hair cells are lost with intracochlear implantation with this electrode. Most ganglion cells survive implantation. Implications of these experiments for further development of an acoustic prosthesis are discussed.
Benefits of echo combination for high-spatial-resolution ME resting state FMRI on a compact 3T scanner (2023)

For multi-echo EPI, the T 2 * -weighted echo combination (T2EC) is a commonly used pre-processing step to boost the data quality. We assessed the benefit of T2EC in high-spatial-resolution multi-echo fMRI with explained variances and functional connectivity detectability. The performance was evaluated and compared with single-echo EPI for resting state fMRI on a compact 3T scanner with high-performance gradients. It was shown that a large portion of unwanted signal variance was globally suppressed through T2EC. Multi-echo acquisition shows improved image intensity and enhanced functional sensitivity in brain regions affected by signal-dropout.
Phycobilins of cryptophycean algae. Novel linkage of dihydrobiliverdin in a phycoerythrin 555 and a phycocyanin 645. (1993)

Cryptomonad strain IVF2 phycoerythrin 555 carries phycoerythrobilins attached through single thioether bonds at alpha-Cys-18, beta-Cys-82, and beta-Cys-158 and a doubly linked 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin (DBV) at beta-DiCys-50,61 (for sequence numbering, see Sidler, W., Nutt, H., Kumpf, B., Frank, G., Suter, F., Brenzel, A., Wehrmeyer, W., and Zuber, H. (1990) Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 573-547). Analysis of the beta-DiCys-50,61-linked DBV by 1H homonuclear and 1H-13C heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy establishes that the thioether bond from Cys-50 is to the 3"-carbon of the DBV ring A and that from Cys-61 is to the 18'-carbon of ring D, i.e. the peptide-linked bilin is an 8,12-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-3-(2-(cysteinyl-S)-ethyl)-18-(1-(cysteinyl-S)-e thyl)- 2,7,13,17-tetramethylbiladiene-ab-1,19(16H,21H)-dione. DBV is also present at beta-DiCys-50,61 in cryptomonad strain UW374 phycocyanin 645 (Wedemayer, G. J., Kidd, D. G., Wemmer, D. E., and Glazer, A. N. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 7315-7331). NMR spectroscopy shows that the thioether bonds to this DBV are also at 3" and 18'. Linkage of tetrapyrroles to polypeptides through the 3"-carbon has not hitherto been reported.
Micro‐Macroporous Composite Materials: SiC Ceramic Foams Functionalized With the Metal Organic Framework HKUST‐1 (2016)

Abstract The metal organic framework material Cu 3 (btc) 2 ·3H 2 O (HKUST‐1) was grown on differently activated oxide‐bonded SiC ceramic foams with varying pore sizes. Activation was performed by an alkaline etching procedure under dissolution of the SiO 2 binder phase in the ob‐SiC microstructure leading to an increase in strut surface roughness. The influence of foam pore size, etching conditions (duration, temperature) and the effect of a subsequent alumina coating to increase the coverage with –OH moieties was studied. The activated foams and MOF@ob‐SiC composites were characterized by microstructural analysis, H 2 O adsorption and thermal conductivity measurements.
Modelling the electrostatic actuation of MEMS: state of the art 2005. (2005)

Most of MEMS devices are actuated using electrostatic forces. Parallel or lateral plate actuators are the types commonly used. Nevertheless, electrostatic actuation has some limitations due to its non-linear nature. This work presents a methodic overview of the existing techniques applied to the Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) electrostatic actuation modeling and their implications to the dynamic behavior of the electromechanical system.
Physical Unclonable Functions for Cryptographic Key Generation. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Unwanted Link Layer Traffic in Large IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks (2010)

Wireless networks have evolved into an important technology for connecting users to the Internet. As the utility of wireless technology grows, wireless networks are being deployed in more widely varying conditions. The monitoring of wireless networks continues to reveal key implementation deficiencies that need to be corrected in order to improve protocol operation and end-to-end network performance. In wireless networks, where the medium is shared, unwanted traffic can pose significant overhead and lead to suboptimal network performance. Much of the previous analyses of unwanted traffic in wireless networks focus on malicious traffic. However, another major contributor of unwanted traffic is incorrect link layer behavior. Using data we collected from the 67th Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) meeting held in November 2006, we show that a significant portion of link layer traffic stems from mechanisms that initiate, maintain, and change client-AP associations. We further show that under conditions of high medium utilization and packet loss rate, handoffs are initiated incorrectly. We analyze the traffic to understand when handoffs occur and whether the handoffs were beneficial or should have been avoided.
An evaluation of the stochastic resonance phenomenon as a potential tool for signal processing (2002)

Stochastic resonance is a nonlinear stochastic phenomenon which can cause a transfer of energy from a random process (noise) to a periodic signal over a certain range of signal and system parameters. It has been observed in many diverse natural and physical systems, and may be one means by which biological sensor systems amplify weak sensory signals for detection. This paper is an evaluation of the use of the stochastic resonance phenomenon as a tool for signal processing in terms of its processing gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Study of the Gas Flow Distribution and Heat Transfer for Externally Manifolded Fuel Cell Stack Module Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method (2004)

Uniform gas flow distribution in a fuel cell system is desired to attain maximum power operation potential. Two types of manifold systems are often used in fuel cell stacks; they are internal manifold system and external manifold system. This paper presents the modeling approach using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method in analyzing fluid flow and heat transfer for the external manifold fuel cell stacks and stack module design. Computational models based on a Megawatt carbonate fuel cell stack module have been developed for investigating the fuel and oxidant flow distributions through the external manifold systems. This paper presents the modeling approaches and flow and temperature distribution results for externally manifolded fuel cell stack and stack module.
EMT impairs breast carcinoma cell susceptibility to CTL-mediated lysis through autophagy induction (2013)

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has become one of the most exciting fields in cancer biology. While its role in cancer cell invasion, metastasis and drug resistance is well established, the molecular basis of EMT-induced immune escape remains unknown. We recently reported that EMT coordinately regulates target cell recognition and sensitivity to specific lysis. In addition to the well-characterized role for EMT in tumor phenotypic change including a tumor-initiating cell phenotype, we provided evidence indicating that EMT-induced tumor cell resistance to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) also correlates with autophagy induction. Silencing of BECN1 in target cells that have gone through the EMT restored CTL susceptibility to CTL-induced lysis. Although EMT may represent a critical target for the development of novel immunotherapy approaches, a more detailed understanding of the inter-relationship between EMT and autophagy and their reciprocal regulation will be a key determinant in the rational approach to future tumor immunotherapy design.
Ni-Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon Bond-Forming Reductive Amination (2018)

This report describes a three-component, Ni-catalyzed reductive coupling that enables the convergent synthesis of tertiary benzhydryl amines, which are challenging to access by traditional reductive amination methodologies. The reaction makes use of iminium ions generated in situ from the condensation of secondary N-trimethylsilyl amines with benzaldehydes, and these species undergo reaction with several distinct classes of organic electrophiles. The synthetic value of this process is demonstrated by a single-step synthesis of antimigraine drug flunarizine (Sibelium) and high yielding derivatization of paroxetine (Paxil) and metoprolol (Lopressor). Mechanistic investigations support a sequential oxidative addition mechanism rather than a pathway proceeding via α-amino radical formation. Accordingly, application of catalytic conditions to an intramolecular reductive coupling is demonstrated for the synthesis of endo- and exocyclic benzhydryl amines.
Abstract 4284: An Expansible Aortic Ring For A Physiological Approach Of Aortic Valve Repair (2008)

Objectives: Dystrophic aortic insufficiency is characterized by dilatation of the aortic annular base and sinotubular junction (STJ) diameters with thin and pliable cusps amenable to valve repair. ...
Temperature dependence of the current gain in power 4H-SiC NPN BJTs (2006)

For 1-kV 30-A 4H-SiC epitaxial emitter n-p-n bipolar junction transistors, the dependences of the common-emitter current gain /spl beta//sub CE/ on the collector current I/sub C/ were measured at elevated temperatures. The collector-emitter voltage was fixed (at 100 V) to provide an active operation mode at all collector currents varying in a wide range from 150 mA to 40 A (current densities of 24-6350 A/cm/sup 2/). The maximum current gain was measured to be /spl beta//sub CEmax/=40(I/sub C/=7 A) at room temperature and /spl beta//sub CEmax/=32(I/sub C/=10 A) at 250/spl deg/C. The /spl beta//sub CE/-I/sub C/ dependences were simulated in terms of a model that takes into account the main processes affecting the current gain: 1) recombination in the emitter-base space charge region; 2) surface recombination; 3) crowding of the emitter current; 4) decrease in the emitter-injection coefficient at high-level injection; and 5) ionization of deep acceptors. The minority carrier lifetimes and surface recombination velocity were obtained by means of this simulation.
Cyanation of Carbonyl and Imino Groups (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.