gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust kriged Kalman filtering (2015)

Although the kriged Kalman filter (KKF) has well-documented merits for prediction of spatial-temporal processes, its performance degrades in the presence of outliers due to anomalous events, or measurement equipment failures. This paper proposes a robust KKF model that explicitly accounts for presence of measurement outliers. Exploiting outlier sparsity, a novel ℓ1-regularized estimator that jointly predicts the spatial-temporal process at unmonitored locations, while identifying measurement outliers is put forth. Numerical tests are conducted on a synthetic Internet protocol (IP) network, and real transformer load data. Test results corroborate the effectiveness of the novel estimator in joint spatial prediction and outlier identification.
Use-dependent alterations of movement representations in primary motor cortex of adult squirrel monkeys (1996)

This study was undertaken to document plastic changes in the functional topography of primary motor cortex (M1) that are generated in motor skill learning in the normal, intact primate. Intracortical microstimulation mapping techniques were used to derive detailed maps of the representation of movements in the distal forelimb zone of M1 of squirrel monkeys, before and after behavioral training on two different tasks that differentially encouraged specific sets of forelimb movements. After training on a small-object retrieval task, which required skilled use of the digits, their evoked-movement digit representations expanded, whereas their evoked-movement wrist/forearm representational zones contracted. These changes were progressive and reversible. In a second motor skill exercise, a monkey pronated and supinated the forearm in a key (eyebolt)-turning task. In this case, the representation of the forearm expanded, whereas the digit representational zones contracted. These results show that M1 is alterable by use throughout the life of an animal. These studies also revealed that after digit training there was an areal expansion of dual-response representations, that is, cortical sectors over which stimulation produced movements about two or more joints. Movement combinations that were used more frequently after training were selectively magnified in their cortical representations. This close correspondence between changes in behavioral performance and electrophysiologically defined motor representations indicates that a neurophysiological correlate of a motor skill resides in M1 for at least several days after acquisition. The finding that cocontracting muscles in the behavior come to be represented together in the cortex argues that, as in sensory cortices, temporal correlations drive emergent changes in distributed motor cortex representations.
A comprehensive review on lipid nanocarrier systems for cancer treatment: fabrication, future prospects and clinical trials (2023)

Over the last few decades, cancer has been considered a clinical challenge, being among the leading causes of mortality all over the world. Although many treatment approaches have been developed for cancer, chemotherapy is still the most utilized in the clinical setting. However, the available chemotherapeutics-based treatments have several caveats including their lack of specificity, adverse effects as well as cancer relapse and metastasis which mainly explains the low survival rate of patients. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been utilized as promising nanocarrier systems for chemotherapeutics to overcome the challenges of the currently applied therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Loading chemotherapeutic agent(s) into LNPs improves drug delivery at different aspects including specific targeting of tumours, and enhancing the bioavailability of drugs at the tumour site through selective release of their payload, thus reducing their undesired side effects on healthy cells. This review article delineates an overview of the clinical challenges in many cancer treatments as well as depicts the role of LNPs in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, the review contains a comprehensive description of the many LNPs categories used as nanocarriers in cancer treatment to date, as well as the potential of LNPs for future applications in other areas of medicine and research.
Functional Ultrasound Imaging: A New Imaging Modality for Neuroscience (2021)

Ultrasound sensitivity to slow blood flow motion gained two orders of magnitude in the last decade thanks to the advent of ultrafast ultrasound imaging at thousands of frames per second. In neuroscience, this access to small cerebral vessels flow led to the introduction of ultrasound as a new and full-fledged neuroimaging modality. Much as functional MRI or functional optical imaging, functional Ultrasound (fUS) takes benefit of the neurovascular coupling. Its ease of use, portability, spatial and temporal resolution makes it an attractive tool for functional imaging of brain activity in preclinical imaging. A large and fast-growing number of studies in a wide variety of small to large animal models have demonstrated its potential for neuroscience research. Beyond preclinical imaging, first proof of concept applications in humans are promising and proved a clear clinical interest in particular in human neonates, per-operative surgery, or even for the development of non-invasive brain machine interfaces.
A Monoclonal Antibody against a Synthetic Peptide Is Specific for the Free Native Human Chorionic Gonadotropinβ-Subunit* (1984)

A totally synthetic molecule (109-145 peptide) analogous to the beta-subunit carboxyl terminus was used as an antigen in the development of antibodies by the hybridoma technique. A monoclonal antibody (702 D7) specifically recognized the free native beta-human CG (beta hCG). 702 D7 was of the immunoglobulin G1 subclass and was directed against an antigenic site localized in a 10-amino acid sequence (109-118) or less. The recognition of an epitope located in the 109-118 region could explain the specific recognition of beta hCG observed with 702 D7, in contrast to monoclonal antibodies directed against a 118-145 region with a recognition of both beta hCG and whole hCG, as observed with a second monoclonal antibody (1032) to synthetic peptide. Immunohistochemical results and preliminary data obtained from the immunoradiometric assay show that 702 D7 provides a clinical tool for the detection of free beta-subunit secretion even at low concentrations, and could allow the study of this subunit or its metabolites produced by normal and tumoral cells.
Convergence of UTRA TDD uplink power control (2002)

In this article convergence of UTRA TDD uplink dedicated physical channel (DPCH) power control is studied. Current uplink power control is based on several measurements, which involve both random and systematic errors. Outer loop power control is used to compensate the systematic error. Since the amount of systematic error is unknown in the beginning of a call and after each handover, the outer loop power control should adapt to the current conditions as fast as possible. In this paper the effect of the convergence speed of the outer loop power control to the UTRA TDD system performance is analyzed by the means of dynamic system level simulator.
Injectable and assembled 3D solid structure for free-to-fixed shape in bone reconstruction (2020)

There is a gap between injectable and scaffold-like bioceramics. Injectable bioactive materials, such as bone cement and hydrogel, are good for minimized surgery, but the extremely low porosity and small pore size limited enhanced bone repair and regeneration. Macroporous bioceramic scaffolds are used because of the controlled pore size and porosity, but not injectable. It's a challenge of preparation of an injectable macroporous ceramic scaffold for minimized bone reconstruction. By using the reversible setting reaction of calcium sulfate and combining a dual setting system with magnesium silicate hydrate, the injectable and assembled 3D porous bioceramic scaffold has been successfully developed. The content of amorphous magnesium silicate hydrate in the dual setting system affected the mechanical strength and degradation. The porous structure could be controlled by the size of granules. The granules can also be used for the fabrication of porous materials with varied shapes and customized structures by using a simple injection process. The biological testing showed good biocompatibility and in vitro osteogenesis. By using the femoral lateral condyle defect model, we can see the granules could be injected into the defect and formed a rigid porous structure in situ, and further presented better new bone formation compared with autologous bone chips. Briefly, we demonstrated the first injectable 3D solid porous ceramic structure for minimized bone repair and free-form shaping.
MISIM: A Neural Code Semantics Similarity System Using the Context-Aware Semantics Structure (2020)

Code semantics similarity can be used for many tasks such as code recommendation, automated software defect correction, and clone detection. Yet, the accuracy of such systems has not yet reached a level of general purpose reliability. To help address this, we present Machine Inferred Code Similarity (MISIM), a neural code semantics similarity system consisting of two core components: (i)MISIM uses a novel context-aware semantics structure, which was purpose-built to lift semantics from code syntax; (ii)MISIM uses an extensible neural code similarity scoring algorithm, which can be used for various neural network architectures with learned parameters. We compare MISIM to four state-of-the-art systems, including two additional hand-customized models, over 328K programs consisting of over 18 million lines of code. Our experiments show that MISIM has 8.08% better accuracy (using MAP@R) compared to the next best performing system.
Prostanoid receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database (2019)

Prostanoid receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Prostanoid Receptors [644]) are activated by the endogenous ligands prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2 , PGF2α, PGH2, prostacyclin [PGI2] and thromboxane A2. Measurement of the potency of PGI2 and thromboxane A2 is hampered by their instability in physiological salt solution; they are often replaced by cicaprost and U46619, respectively, in receptor characterization studies.
Efficacy of the Za Self-Expandable Metal Stent for Palliation of Malignant Biliary Obstruction (2003)

The Za-metal stent provided effective palliation for patients with inoperable malignant biliary tumors. Although minor technical problems were encountered with stent deployment, the overall stent patency, efficacy, and safety profile appear satisfactory.
Secondary structure characterization of ß-lactamase inclusion bodies (1994)

The secondary structure of proteins in E. coli inclusion bodies was investigated via Raman spectroscopy. Inclusion bodies were purified from cells expressing different forms of RTEM beta-lactamase and grown at either 37 or 42 degrees C. All of the solid phase inclusion body samples examined gave amide I band spectra that were perturbed from that of the native, purified protein in both solution and powder forms; secondary structure estimates indicated significant decreases in alpha-helix and increases in beta-sheet contents in the inclusion body samples. The structure estimates for inclusion bodies isolated from 37 degrees C cultures were similar, regardless of aggregate localization in the E. coli cytoplasmic or periplasmic spaces or beta-lactamase precursor content. Inclusion bodies obtained from 42 degrees C cells exhibited a further reduction of alpha-helix and augmentation of beta-sheet contents relative to those from 37 degrees C cultures. These results are consistent with the paradigm for inclusion body formation via the self-association of intra-cellular folding intermediates having extensive secondary structure content. Further, the overall secondary structure content of inclusion bodies is not significantly affected by subcellular compartmentalization, but may be altered at increased temperatures.
Water-assisted extrusion of carbon fiber-reinforced wheat gluten for balanced mechanical properties (2022)

Plasticizers turn brittle bio-based and biodegradable highly hydrophilic polymers into tough materials. Unfortunately, it also means that the material becomes softer and weaker. The concept of combining a plasticizer and reinforcing fibers was investigated here on a protein material (wheat gluten) plasticized with glycerol and reinforced with chopped carbon fibers. The carbon fibers showed good interfacial bonding with the gluten matrix and improved both tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the material. The resulting composites also showed reduced elongation at break but still underwent ductile fracture under tension. Water-assisted extrusion, where water was used as a processing aid, was used to manufacture the composites and boost the reinforcement. Water addition significantly reduced the viscosity of the gluten dough and thus decreased fiber breakage during extrusion/compounding. The composites prepared with water-assisted extrusion had much longer fibers and consequently higher stiffness than those prepared without water. Apart from the balanced mechanical properties, the resulting composites showed reduced uptake of moisture (reduced moisture sensitivity) due to the water-impermeable carbon fibers. Hence, a new extrusion method was presented for fiber-reinforced inherently viscous plant-based polymer composites, which enabled good mixing without critical fiber damage and thus improved fiber reinforcement.
Covalent decoration onto the outer walls of double walled carbon nanotubes with perylenediimides (2015)

Three new covalently bonded DWCNT–PDIs have been synthesized and characterized, showing exclusively functionalization of the outer walls leaving the inner walls intact. Femtosecond transient absorption studies were performed to seek evidence of charge separation in these hybrids.
Paper windows (2005)

In this paper, we present Paper Windows, a prototype windowing environment that simulates the use of digital paper displays. By projecting windows on physical paper, Paper Windows allows the capturing of physical affordances of paper in a digital world. The system uses paper as an input device by tracking its motion and shape with a Vicon Motion Capturing System. We discuss the design of a number of interaction techniques for manipulating information on paper displays.
Tree-Based Hardware Recursion for Divide-and-Conquer Algorithms (2021)

Recursion is a very efficient abstraction that can be found in definitions of many algorithms. However, recursion can be difficult to implement in hardware and as a result is not supported by the majority of high-level synthesis tools (HLS). This work introduces a new framework for implementing recursive functions in hardware, which we call TreeRecur. TreeRecur uses trees to represent the branching recursive function calls of divide-and-conquer algorithms, which makes it possible to take advantage of their procedure-level parallelism. To allow for design flexibility, TreeRecur executes algorithms using a configurable number of independent function processors. These processors are generated using HLS design flow, making it easy to implement a variety of different algorithms. Functionality of our framework was tested on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) using two simple algorithms and compared against software implementations of the same algorithms. Performance results were collected in terms of execution speed and energy consumption. The execution speeds of TreeRecur are shown to be comparable to software programs when differences in clock speed are accounted for and its energy consumption is up to 11 times better than the software solution's.
Equivalent Disturbance Compensator and Friction Compensation for Back-Forward Drivability Improvement (2021)

This paper focuses on single inertialization on the load-side parameter of two-inertia system and employs the equivalent disturbance compensator (EDC). Conventional EDC is designed in case of the plant system without friction; thus, the back-forward drivability control using the EDC is affected by friction. In this paper, we propose the back-forward drivability control using EDC and DOB for single inertialization of two-inertia system. DOB is used to compensate the friction and the EDC is applied to not only improve the back-forward drivability, but also suppress the vibration on load-side output. This proposal consists of basic actuator and force sensor and it is available to general robot actuator that uses current sensor, motor encoder, and force sensor. The effectiveness of proposed back-forward drivability control is verified through the numerical simulation.
[Retracted] Euryops arabicus Promotes Healing of Excised Wounds in Rat Skin: Emphasis on Its Collagen‐Enhancing, Antioxidant, and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities (2021)

<i>Euryops arabicus</i> Steud (<i>E. arabicus</i>) belongs to the family Asteraceae. It has several uses in folk medicine in the Arabian Peninsula. The current study aimed at evaluating the wound healing properties of the <i>E. arabicus</i> extract in rats. Primarily, <i>E. arabicus</i> successfully accelerated cell migration <i>in vitro</i> and it also showed no signs of dermal toxicity. Topical application of <i>E. arabicus</i> extract (5% or 20%) expedited healing of excised skin in rats. Histological examinations indicated that <i>E. arabicus</i> shortened epithelization period, stimulated fibroblast activity, and increased collagen deposition in wound tissues. The plant extract exerted antioxidant activity as evidenced by inhibition of GSH depletion and MDA accumulation and enhanced mRNA expression of Sod1 in wound tissues collected at the end of the experiment. Further, <i>E. arabicus</i> inhibited the rise of TNF-<i>α</i> and IL-1<i>β</i> in the skin wound region. The anti-inflammatory was confirmed by the observed down regulation of Ptgs2, Nos2, IL-6, and NF-<i>κ</i>B mRNA expression. In addition, the extract enhanced the expression of TGF-<i>β</i>1 and HIF-1<i>α</i> in wounded skin tissues as indicated immunohistochemically. Conclusively, <i>E. arabicus</i> expedites excision wound healing in rats. Collagen-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties mediate the observed wound healing activity. These findings might contribute to our understanding of the ethnobotanical use of <i>E. arabicus</i> in wounds.
Syn and anti stereochemistry in elimination reactions producing acyclic conjugated thioesters (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyn and anti stereochemistry in elimination reactions producing acyclic conjugated thioestersJerry R. Mohrig, Steve C. Schultz, and Gregg MorinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 15, 5150–5151Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00353a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elucidating dynamic metabolic physiology through network integration of quantitative time-course metabolomics (2017)

The increasing availability of metabolomics data necessitates novel methods for deeper data analysis and interpretation. We present a flux balance analysis method that allows for the computation of dynamic intracellular metabolic changes at the cellular scale through integration of time-course absolute quantitative metabolomics. This approach, termed "unsteady-state flux balance analysis" (uFBA), is applied to four cellular systems: three dynamic and one steady-state as a negative control. uFBA and FBA predictions are contrasted, and uFBA is found to be more accurate in predicting dynamic metabolic flux states for red blood cells, platelets, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Notably, only uFBA predicts that stored red blood cells metabolize TCA intermediates to regenerate important cofactors, such as ATP, NADH, and NADPH. These pathway usage predictions were subsequently validated through <sup>13</sup>C isotopic labeling and metabolic flux analysis in stored red blood cells. Utilizing time-course metabolomics data, uFBA provides an accurate method to predict metabolic physiology at the cellular scale for dynamic systems.
Flexibility and structural conservation in a c-KIT G-quadruplex (2014)

A quadruplex sequence from the promoter region of the c-KIT gene forms a stable quadruplex, as characterized by crystallographic and NMR methods. Two new crystal structures are reported here, together with molecular dynamics simulation studies on these quadruplex crystal structures and an NMR structure. The new crystal structures, each in a distinct space group and lattice packing arrangement, together with the existing structures, demonstrate that the c-KIT quadruplex fold does not change with differing environments, suggesting that quadruplex topological dynamism is not a general phenomenon. The single and dinucleotide loops in these structures show a high degree of conformational flexibility within the three crystal forms and the NMR ensemble, with no evidence of clustering to particular conformers. This is in accord with the findings of high loop flexibility from the molecular dynamics studies. It is suggested that intramolecular quadruplexes can be grouped into two broad classes (i) those with at least one single-nucleotide loop, often showing singular topologies even though loops are highly flexible, and (ii) with all loops comprising at least two nucleotides, leading to topological dynamism. The loops can have more stable and less dynamic base-stacked secondary structures.
Electrophysiologic Manifestations of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Provoking Appropriate Defibrillator Interventions in High‐Risk Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2007)

Sustained monomorphic VT is common in a high-risk cohort with HCM. Sinus tachycardia is often the initiating rhythm, suggesting that high sympathetic drive may be proarrhythmic when a susceptible substrate is present. Antitachycardia pacing is highly effective in terminating VT in this patient population.