gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of the conformation of DARPP-32, a dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, by fluorescence spectroscopy. (1993)

DARPP-32 is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 when it is phosphorylated on Thr34 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. DARPP-32 is also phosphorylated on Ser45 and Ser102 by casein kinase II, resulting in a facilitation of phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. We have studied the conformation of recombinant rat DARPP-32 by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence. The steady-state emission spectra and quenching of the intrinsic (Trp163) and extrinsic fluorescence (acrylodan or lucifer yellow linked to Cys72) were consistent with a complete exposure of these residues to the aqueous environment. The intrinsic fluorescence of DARPP-32 was resolved into three decay components with lifetimes of 1, 3.4, and 7 ns, with the intermediate lifetime component giving the major contribution. The ratio between the amplitudes associated with the short and long decay constants was decreased upon denaturation. The rotational behavior of DARPP-32 measured by anisotropy decay revealed that Trp163 is located in a highly flexible peptide chain, whereas Cys72 is embedded in a more rigid environment. Phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase did not alter any of the fluorescence parameters, whereas only minor effects were associated with casein kinase II phosphorylation. These findings indicate that DARPP-32 contains at least two distinct domains and that phosphorylation has no dramatic effects on its conformation.
A Flexible, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Chemiresistive Gas Sensor Obtained by In Situ Photopolymerization of an Acrylic Resin in the Presence of MWCNTs (2018)

Abstract A new flexible polymeric gas sensor is developed by photocrosslinking poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate resin (PEGDA) containing multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conductive filler. The cured material shows a percolative threshold conductivity which changes when in contact with various gas analytes with different chemical and physical properties. The different behavior of the sensors toward the different gases is explained either on the basis of chemical affinity toward the polymeric matrix or due to the interactions that can occur between the analyte and the surface of the nanotubes in the case of the aromatic gas.
Grasping Derivatives: Teaching Mathematics through Embodied Interactions using Tablets and Virtual Reality (2022)

Grasping mathematics can be difficult. Often, students struggle to connect mathematical concepts with their own experiences and even believe that math has nothing to do with the real world. To create more concreteness in mathematics education, we focus on the role of the body in learning, and more specifically, embodied interactions for learning derivatives. In this project, we designed an embodied game to teach derivatives, and validated our design with a panel of experts. We then used this prototype to explore different embodied interactions in terms of usability, sense of embodiment, and learning outcomes. In particular, we evaluated different degrees of embodied interactions, and different types of embodied interactions in Virtual Reality. We conclude with insights and recommendations for mathematics education with embodied interactions.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of 2-Amino-5-sulfanylthiazoles (2002)

A solid-phase synthesis that provides easy access to 2-amino-5-sulfanylthiazoles with variable substituents at C-2, C-4, and C-5 has been developed. The key step of this synthesis is a new C-sulfanylation of resin-bound 2-aminothiazoles by mixtures of various sulfur-containing building blocks and iodine. The resulting 2-amino-5-sulfanylthiazoles were obtained in high purities and yields after cleavage from the support. This synthesis could also be conducted as a multi-component reaction, in which treatment of resin-bound thioureas with mixtures of aryl bromomethyl ketones and sulfanylating reagents yielded 2-amino-5-sulfanylthiazoles directly. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR AND G250: USEFUL TARGET ANTIGENS FOR ANTIBODY MEDIATED CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY AGAINST RENAL CELL CARCINOMA? (2002)

Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor proved to recruit efficiently mononuclear or polymorphonuclear cell mediated killing mechanisms, while G250 directed antibody constructs were significantly less effective. Particularly effective renal cell carcinoma killing was observed with combined [FcalphaRI x epidermal growth factor receptor] bispecific antibody and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Aerosol Jet-Printed LFP Cathodes with Bimodal Pore Distribution Improve the Rate Capability of LIB Cells (2021)

The electrochemical performance of an aerosol jet (AJ)-printed lithium iron phosphate cathode versus an equivalent tape-cast (TC) cathode was evaluated. Rate capability and long-term cell testing demonstrated that at similar mass loadings and thicknesses, the AJ-printed cathodes achieved higher discharge capacities than the TC cathodes. Electron microscopy and X-ray tomography showed a bimodal pore network for the AJ-printed cathode; larger Li-ion-conducting channels were visible at the electrode surface, while a denser cathode structure (akin to a TC cathode) was present near the current collector. Electrochemical impedance calculations revealed that this bimodal pore distribution endowed AJ-printed cathodes with approximately 30% more electrochemically active surface area than their TC cathode counterparts.
In situ scanning electron microscopy observation of the dynamic behavior of electromigration voids in passivated aluminum lines (1992)

The dynamic behavior of electromigration (EM) voids has been studied in situ using a field-emission scanning electron microscope fitted with a Robinson backscatter detector. A high-temperature stage has been used to minimize the temperature gradients associated with Joule heating and to allow independent control of temperature and current density. No evidence of pre-existing voids was found. The formation, growth, and motion of electromigration voids were observed and recorded photographically. The voids moved dynamically against the electron wind. No correlation between void size and void velocity was found. The static growth of EM voids was observed in some instances; however, this did not precede void motion nor did it lead to failure. Moving voids formed late in the test dominated final failure. Comparison of experimental results with void motion models reveals that the models for dynamic void motion are not consistent with experimental observations.
Reveromycin A, an agent for osteoporosis, inhibits bone resorption by inducing apoptosis specifically in osteoclasts (2006)

Mature bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OCs) mediate excessive bone loss seen in several bone disorders, including osteoporosis. Here, we showed that reveromycin A (RM-A), a small natural product with three carboxylic groups in its structure, induced apoptosis specifically in OCs, but not in OC progenitors, nonfunctional osteoclasts, or osteoblasts. RM-A inhibited protein synthesis in OCs by selectively blocking enzymatic activity of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The proapoptotic effect of RM-A was inhibited by neutralization or disruption of the acidic microenvironment, a prominent characteristic of OCs. RM-A was incorporated in OCs but not in nonfunctional osteoclasts and OC progenitors in neutral culture medium. Effects of RM-A on OC apoptosis increased under acidic culture conditions. RM-A not only was incorporated, but also induced apoptosis in OC progenitors in acidic culture medium. RM-A inhibited osteoclastic pit formation, decreased prelabeled (45)Ca release in organ cultures, and antagonized increased bone resorption in ovariectomized mice. These results suggested that preventive effects of RM-A on bone resorption in vitro and in vivo were caused by apoptosis through inhibition of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase in OCs and that specific sensitivity of OCs to RM-A was due to the acidic microenvironment, which increased cell permeability of RM-A by suppressing dissociation of protons from carboxylic acid moieties, making them less polar. This unique mechanism suggested that RM-A might represent a type of therapeutic agent for treating bone disorders associated with increased bone loss.
Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy of Combustion Gases Near 1.57 Microns (1996)

Sensors for rapid, in-situ measurements of hydrocarbon combustion intermediates and products are required for applications ranging from advanced combustor testing to aeropropulsion engine health monitoring. Recent developments in room temperature diode laser technology and sensitive detection strategies now permit development of a new class of combustion sensors for simultaneous measurements of the speciation of the combustion gases as well as gasdynamic performance parameters of interest, including temperature, velocity, and mass flux.1,2 This work focusses on absorption measurements of CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, and OH in combustion gases near 1.57 µm. Experiments are conducted in low-pressure, room-temperature absorption cells and combustion gases of a flat-flame burner with hydrogen and methane fuels. The laser source is a New Focus Model 6262 external cavity diode laser, generating over 1 mW of output power across an 80 nm tuning range centered at 1.55 µm. High sensitivity detection is achieved using a dual-beam, Balanced Ratiometric Detector (BRD) 1 which cancels common-mode laser amplitude noise in the signal channel (passing through the absorbing medium) and reference channel (passing through a non-absorbing gas or fiber).
Application of Real-Time Fluids Data to Reduce Uncertainty in Casing-to-Casing Time (2019)

Abstract Uncertainties in the drilling process result in safety factors or safety margins sufficient to minimize risks in the drilling process. These safety margins represent inefficiencies in the system. This paper will discuss a method for reducing uncertainty as it relates to well bore pressures and hole cleaning to eliminate or reduce these inefficiencies, quantify the rates of penetration that can be achieved, and illustrate the expected wellbore pressures generated by these rates of penetration. When data is collected manually, the nuances of fluid changes are lost between property measurements. This paper will illustrate the difference between calculating equivalent circulating densities (ECD) with manually collected mud report data and fluid properties collected in real time and the impact that this can have on optimizing the rate at which the operator can drill and trip pipe. A patent-based methodology will be presented, in which real-time drilling and fluids data are captured and utilized to model ECD pressure data related to the bore hole. The actual and modeled data are statistically analysed to infer information about how rapid a rate of penetration (ROP) may safely be employed to optimize drilling results. Data will be presented demonstrating the impact that small improvements in fluid parameters and drilling operations can have over the course of drilling a well. The role that a real-time hydraulics software model plays in providing predictive analytics for ROP optimization will also be discussed. Predictive analytics enable operators to look several stands ahead of the bit to determine if the ROP drilled will cause issues in the future. This enables the identification of the maximum ROP that can be drilled versus optimizing instantaneous ROP. This enables operators to optimize casing-to-casing time.
Nanoparticles in Astrochemistry: Synthesis and Characterization of Meteorite Dust Nanoparticles (2006)

Interstellar dust particles (IDPs) constitute most of the solid matter in the universe. Large quantities of IDPs are also present in the Solar System and fall on Earth. IDPs are also of interest as they can catalyze astrochemical reactions and prebiotic synthesis, and their organic contents are believed to have contributed to the origins of life. Their chemical composition is similar to carbonaceous chondrite comets, asteroids and meteorites. The IDPs are microporous web‐like aggregates of 10–100 nm phyllosilicate particles with morphologies similar to particles produced by the Laser Vaporization Controlled Condensation (LVCC) method. IDPs are available only as microscopic samples, and simulated IDPs are needed to study their chemical and catalytic effects. To produce such simulated IDPs, we formed nanoparticles from carbonaceous chondrite meteorites by LVCC processing. The compositions, morphologies, particle size distribution, FTIR spectra, and catalytic properties of the meteorite‐based nanoparticles were investigated and compared with the original meteorite materials and reference minerals.
Relaxed Multichannel Least Squares with Constrained Initial Taps for Multichannel Dereverberation (2012)

This paper presents a novel algorithm for robust multichannel dere-verberation in the presence of system identification errors with the specific aim of avoiding colouration of the equalized signal. Our pro-posed algorithm is based upon the technique of channel shortening, which targets only the late taps of the room impulse response. Within the framework of the relaxed multichannel least squares (RMCLS) algorithm, we employ partial relaxation of the early taps of the equal-ized impulse response (EIR) to increase robustness to channel esti-mation errors, while constraining the initial taps to avoid undesirable colouration of the equalized signal. It is shown through quantitative experimental results that the resultant equalized signal has an over-all improved speech quality perception when compared to alternative algorithms. Index Terms — Multichannel equalization, dereverberation, ro-bustness, system identification errors
Advanced Three-Dimensional Deterministic and Monte Carlo Codes for Simulation of Real-Life Complex Nuclear Systems (2000)

No abstract prepared.
A Facially-Selective Protonation Controls the Stereochemistry of a Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of 1.beta.-Methylcarbapenems (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Facially-Selective Protonation Controls the Stereochemistry of a Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of 1.beta.-MethylcarbapenemsDeborah K. Jones, Dennis C. Liotta, Woo-Baeg Choi, R. P. Volante, Paul J. Reider, Ichiro Shinkai, Hywyn R. O. Churchill, and Joseph E. LynchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 14, 3749–3751Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00093a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00093a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Significance of Antibody to Hepatitis Be Antigen (Anti‐HBe) in HBsAg‐Negative Individuals (1981)

A study was initiated to assess the significance of antibody to hepatitis Be antigen (anti-HBe) in HBsAg-negative individuals. Anti-HBe was demonstrated in the majority of sera positive for anti-HBs and anti-HBc. All sera positive for anti-HBs and negative for anti-HBc and most sera positive for anti-HBc but negative for anti-HBs were anti-HBe-negative. This implies that the antibody response to HBeAg is of shorter duration than that to HBsAg and HBcAg. Anti-HBe may help to discriminate between various states of hepatitis B virus infection found to be associated with anti-HBc-positive but HBsAg- and anti-HBs-negative sera. 2 individuals were anti-HBe-positive but HBsAg-, anti-HBs- and anti-HBc-negative, this finding is not understood.
Onset of pulsing in two‐phase cocurrent downflow through a packed bed (1988)

Abstract In cocurrent downflow of a gas and a liquid through a packed column, a transition from trickling flow to pulsing flow is observed as one increases the flow rates. A simple macroscopic model for the two‐phase flow is analyzed to examine whether this regime transition should be viewed as the loss of stability of a steady state or the loss of existence of any solution for the steady‐state equations of motion. The former appears to be a more reasonable interpretation and an explicit algebraic criterion for the onset of pulsing is presented.
Alkaline and alkaline earth metal phosphate halides and phosphors (2023)

Compounds, phosphor materials and apparatus related to nacaphite family of materials are presented. Potassium and rubidium based nacaphite family compounds and phosphors designed by doping divalent rare earth elements in the sites of alkaline earth metals in the nacaphite material families are descried. An apparatus comprising the phosphors based on the nacaphite family materials are presented herein. The compounds presented is of formula A.sub.2B.sub.1-yR.sub.yPO.sub.4X where the elements A, B, R, X and suffix y are defined such that A is potassium, rubidium, or a combination of potassium and rubidium and B is calcium, strontium, barium, or a combination of any of calcium, strontium and barium. X is fluorine, chlorine, or a combination of fluorine and chlorine, R is europium, samarium, ytterbium, or a combination of any of europium, samarium, and ytterbium, and y ranges from 0 to about 0.1.
Deep uv lithography (1975)

Using deep-uv light ranging from 2000 to 2600 Å, submicrometer patterns in photoresist with height-to-width aspect ratios as high as 15 can be achieved. The well known electron-beam positive resist, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), is used as the deep-uv photoresist. Its optical absorption coefficient, dissolution rate, and sensitivity are given in the deep-uv wavelength region. Its absorption coefficient, being a factor of two lower than that of AZ 1350J, makes it suitable for deep penetration of submicrometer-wide beams. The negligible sensitivity at wavelengths longer than 2600 Å eliminates the need for an expensive filter. Both Xe–Hg arc lamps and deuterium spectral lamps have been used to expose the resist. Chrome or aluminum masks on quartz or sapphire substrates were found satisfactory. Chevron patterns of 1.6 μm width and 0.4 μm spacing and Y–I bars of 1.6 μm width and 0.2 μm gaps were printed in 3 μm of PMMA 2041, as well as Y–I bars of 0.5 μm width and 0.25 μm gaps in 1.78 μm of PMMA 2041. The exposure time in both cases was below 10 min.
Supplemental Figure S3. Correlogram of the MV score and 22 gene modules in four datasets from An Endothelial Gene Signature Score Predicts Poor Outcome in Patients with Endocrine-Treated, Low Genomic Grade Breast Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Correlations between the MV score and 22 gene modules in (A) Uppsala dataset, (B) Stockholm dataset, (C) NKI dataset and (D) Rotterdam dataset.&lt;/p&gt;
Electrical impedance tomography of translationally uniform cylindrical objects with general cross-sectional boundaries (1990)

An algorithm is developed for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) of finite cylinders with general cross-sectional boundaries and translationally uniform conductivity distributions. The electrodes for data collection are assumed to be placed around a cross-sectional plane; therefore, the axial variation of the boundary conditions and the potential field are expanded in Fourier series. For each Fourier component a two-dimensional (2-D) partial differential equation is derived. Thus the 3-D forward problem is solved as a succession of 2-D problems, and it is shown that the Fourier series can be truncated to provide substantial savings in computation time. The finite element method is adopted and the accuracy of the boundary potential differences (gradients) thus calculated is assessed by comparison to results obtained using cylindrical harmonic expansions for circular cylinders. A 1016-element and 541-node mesh is found to be optimal. The algorithm is applied to data collected from phantoms, and the errors incurred from the several assumptions of the method are investigated.
Reassessment of Rebleeding Risk of Forrest IB (Oozing) Peptic Ulcer Bleeding in a Large International Randomized Trial (2017)

After successful endoscopic hemostasis, FIB patients had very low PUB rebleeding rates irrespective of PPI or placebo treatment. This implies that after successful endoscopic hemostasis the prognostic classification of FIB ulcers as a high-risk SRH and the recommendation to treat these with high-dose IV PPI's should be re-evaluated.
Ultrasound viscoelasticity assessment using an adaptive torsional shear wave propagation method (2016)

The ATSW method revealed that it is possible to estimate the viscoelasticity of biological tissues with torsional shear waves when small biases in lesion geometry exist.
A 10 GHz hybrid optical/electrical clock distribution network for gigascale integration (2003)

A novel system-level model describing hybrid optical/electrical clock distribution networks in future gigascale architectures is presented. Technological and architectural properties for a high performance microprocessor implemented in 50 nm technology are projected for the microelectronic environment. A printed circuit board-level, high-fanout, curved aperture optical waveguide H-tree network globally distributes an intensity-modulated optical signal to monolithic CMOS-based receivers to provide local clock distribution. Approximately 1 W of optical input power will be required to propagate globally a local clock frequency of 10 GHz to /spl sim/1024 individual nodes and thus eliminate the need for local frequency multiplication circuitry.
Simultaneous identification of static and dynamic vagosympathetic interactions in regulating heart rate (1999)

We earlier reported that stimulation of either one of the sympathetic and vagal nerves augments the dynamic heart rate (HR) response to concurrent stimulation of its counterpart. We explained this phenomenon by assuming a sigmoidal static relationship between nerve activity and HR. To confirm this assumption, we stimulated the sympathetic and/or vagal nerve in anesthetized rabbits using large-amplitude Gaussian white noise and determined the static and dynamic characteristics of HR regulation by a neural network analysis. The static characteristics approximated a sigmoidal relationship between the linearly predicted and the measured HRs (response range: 212.4 +/- 46.3 beats/min, minimum HR: 96.0 +/- 28.4 beats/min, midpoint of operation: 196.7 +/- 31.3 beats/min, maximum slope: 1.65 +/- 0.51). The maximum step responses determined from the dynamic characteristics were 7.9 +/- 2.9 and -14.0 +/- 4.9 beats. min-1. Hz-1 for the sympathetic and the vagal system, respectively. Because of these characteristics, changes in sympathetic or vagal tone alone can alter the dynamic HR response to stimulation of the other nerve.
Experimental results from I/sub DDF/ testing (2002)

In this paper, we present experimental results from a test method, called I/sub DDF/ testing, based on the multiple sampling and processing of the consumption current, I/sub DD/. This method can be seen as an extension of I/sub DDQ/ testing since the I/sub DD/ frequency spectrum, instead of DC levels, is used to detect defects or faults. The results show that our method is less sensitive to noise than I/sub DDQ/ testing.