gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adoptive T‐cell Therapy for Malignancy in the Setting of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (2015)

The transfusion of lymphocytes, referred to as adoptive T-cell therapy, is increasingly used in the setting of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Adoptive T-cell therapy is an effective treatment for viral infections. Adoptive T-cell therapy with effector T cells also has the potential to enhance antitumor immunity and augment vaccine efficacy. Conversely, the adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells has the potential to prevent or limit graft-versus-host disease. Genetically engineered T cells can be used to overcome tolerance and enhance graft-versus-tumor effects. In some cases, the use of genetically engineered T cells in the setting of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation may reduce or eliminate the need for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
Multi-abstraction level signature generation and comparison based on radiation single event upset (2014)

Whereas the use of FPGAs in aerospace applications is increasing, concerns about its sensitivity to radiations more particularly the single event upsets (SEU) in SRAM-based FPGA is enhanced as well. To ensure hardness assurance, radiation sensitivity should be estimated at different stages of the system development cycle. In this paper, we present a multi-abstraction level signature generation based on fault injection using fault simulation, fault emulation and radiation testing in order to build an accurate representation of the design faulty behavior. These signatures, which can be seen as high-level fault models, help the designer make decisions on the use (or not) of rad-hard components and the adequate mitigation technique very early in the design process. Results from the different types of signatures are compared. It first shows that the type of resources used to implement a module (e.g. multiplier) may influence its behavior when affected by an SEU. It also reveals that most of the faulty values observed during radiation testing appear in the simulation-based and emulation-based signatures, but that their frequency of occurrence can differ. Finally, limitations of some commercial tools to identify critical bits are investigated.
Substrate reduction therapy in the infantile form of Tay-Sachs disease (2006)

Substrate reduction therapy (SRT) with miglustat has been proposed for treatment of some lysosomal storage disorders. Based on the positive experience in Gaucher disease and experimental data in Tay-Sachs (TSD) and Sandhoff animal models, the authors investigated the clinical efficacy of SRT in two patients with infantile TSD. SRT could not arrest the patients' neurologic deterioration. However, a significant drug concentration in CSF as well as macrocephaly prevention were observed.
Analytical Studies of Fragmented-Spectrum Multi-Level OFDM-CDMA\n Technique in Cognitive Radio Networks (2016)

In this paper, we present a multi-user resource allocation framework using\nfragmented-spectrum synchronous OFDM-CDMA modulation over a frequency-selective\nfading channel. In particular, given pre-existing communications in the\nspectrum where the system is operating, a channel sensing and estimation method\nis used to obtain information of subcarrier availability. Given this\ninformation, some real-valued multi-level orthogonal codes, which are\northogonal codes with values of $\\{\\pm1,\\pm2,\\pm3,\\pm4, ... \\}$, are provided\nfor emerging new users, i.e., cognitive radio users. Additionally, we have\nobtained a closed form expression for bit error rate of cognitive radio\nreceivers in terms of detection probability of primary users, CR users' sensing\ntime and CR users' signal to noise ratio. Moreover, simulation results obtained\nin this paper indicate the precision with which the analytical results have\nbeen obtained in modeling the aforementioned system.\n
Introducing Peripheral Awareness as a Neurological State for Human-computer Integration (2020)

In this work we introduce peripheral awareness as a neurological state for real-time human-computer integration, where the human is assisted by a computer to interact with the world. Changes to the field of view in peripheral awareness have been linked with quality of human performance. This instinctive narrowing of vision that occurs as a threat is perceived has implications in activities that benefit from the user having a wide field of view, such as cycling to navigate the environment. We present "Ena", a novel EEG-eBike system that draws from the user's neural activity to determine when the user is in a state of peripheral awareness to regulate engine support. A study with 20 participants revealed various themes and tactics suggesting that peripheral awareness as a neurological state is viable to align human-machine integration with internal bodily processes. Ena suggests that our work facilitates a safe and enjoyable human-computer integration experience.
Configuration and crystal structure of (3S,5R)-3-methyl-5-(4'-biphenylyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin-2-one. Conformation in solution of a 4,5-dehydro analog (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConfiguration and crystal structure of (3S,5R)-3-methyl-5-(4'-biphenylyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin-2-one. Conformation in solution of a 4,5-dehydro analogMilan Sikirica, Ivan Vickovic, Vesna Caplar, Alessandro Sega, Adriana Lisini, Franjo Kajfez, and Vitomir SunjicCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 24, 4423–4426Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01338a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01338a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Localized Oxidation of the Cu Surface after Chemical Mechanical Planarization Processing (2005)

After chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) processing of a Cu/low- k structure device, defects are often observed and some of them induce problems in manufacturing very large scale integrated circuit (VLSI) devices. As an example of defects, watermarks and protrusions on the Cu are detected. We found that the number of watermarks or protrusions is strongly affected by the cleaning conditions. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) showed that these protrusions were composed of Cu and O. Moreover, atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations revealed that these protrusions grew during the storage time after the postcleaning. Electrochemical measurements also indicated that the protrusions were oxidized copper formed in the cleaning solutions due to the difference in corrosion current densities for various conditions of the Cu surface. Therefore, optimization of the post-CMP cleaning processing is a key issue for the reduction of defects such as protrusions.
Manual annotation and analysis of the defensin gene cluster in the C57BL/6J mouse reference genome (2009)

Prior to this analysis, there was no reliable reference gene set available for the mouse strain C57BL/6J defensin genes, demonstrating that manual intervention is still critical for the annotation of complex gene families and heavily duplicated regions. Accurate gene annotation is facilitated by the annotation of pseudogenes and regulatory elements. Manually curated gene models will be incorporated into the Ensembl and Consensus Coding Sequence (CCDS) reference sets. Elucidation of the genomic structure of this complex gene cluster on the mouse reference sequence, and adoption of a clear and unambiguous naming scheme, will provide a valuable tool to support studies on the evolution, regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of defensins in vivo.
A Parameter Designing Method of PWM voltage Source Rectifier. (1992)

This paper describes a method of determining parameters of PWM rectifiers based on the degrees of total harmonic distortion (THD). The inductance value of AC reactors and capacitance value of DC capacitor give a great influence on the amplitude of the harmonics in the AC input currents and DC output voltage, respectively. So far simulation-based harmonic analysis is dominant. In this paper we propose the harmonic distortion determining factor that provides a simpler and broader manner of obtaining THD values, that is, it enables us to calculate approximate THD values without conducting any simulations or experiments. Finally experiment using a DSP is carried out to confirm the usefulness. An optimal regulator theory is applied to the controller design.
Mobility, diffusion and dispersion of single-stranded DNA in sequencing gels (2001)

Electrophoresis of single-stranded DNA in denaturing polyacrylamide gels is presently a standard procedure for the sequencing of DNA fragments. A thorough understanding of the factors that determine the resolution of DNA fractionated in polyacrylamide gels is necessary to optimize the performance of DNA sequencers. Significant research on the mobility of double-stranded (ds)DNA molecules in agarose and polyacrylamide gels has been performed, and the phenomenon of band broadening of single-stranded (ss)DNA fragments in DNA sequencing gels has received attention only recently. In this paper, we present a detailed study of mobility, diffusion and dispersion of ssDNA in sequencing gels as a function of molecular size, gel concentration and electric field strength. DNA mobility is shown to be essentially independent of electric field in the range of 0-60 V/cm. The band broadening is greatly enhanced in the presence of an electric field and the dispersion coefficient (DE) can be an order of magnitude higher than the field-free diffusion coefficient. The measured migration parameters approximately follow the predictions of the biased reptation including fluctuations (BRF) theory. However, deviations due to nonidealities of the separation conditions are observed. The measured migration parameters can be used to optimize the performance of separation systems.
GEM-NI (2015)

We present GEM-NI -- a graph-based generative-design tool that supports parallel exploration of alternative designs. Producing alternatives is a key feature of creative work, yet it is not strongly supported in most extant tools. GEM-NI enables various forms of exploration with alternatives such as parallel editing, recalling history, branching, merging, comparing, and Cartesian products of and for alternatives. Further, GEM-NI provides a modal graphical user interface and a design gallery, which both allow designers to control and manage their design exploration. We conducted an exploratory user study followed by in-depth one-on-one interviews with moderately and highly skills participants and obtained positive feedback for the system features, showing that GEM-NI supports creative design work well.
Tetrabutylammonium Hydrogen Silicate: Synthesis, Chemical, Thermal, and Crystallographic Properties (1982)

A new crystalline highly acid tetrabutylammonium silicate (1) and several of its derivatives have been synthesized from aqueous solutions. (1) is face-centered cubic with ao = 28.605(6)Å, ς(exp) = 1.448(5) g cm-3; the approximate unit cell content is [N(C4H9)4]24 H144[Si168O420] · 144 H2O. In the presence of polydentate amines H2N(CH2CH2NH)nH, n = 1, 2,3 (en, dien, trien) the hydrate water is partly (with en) or completely(with dien and trien) replaced by these amines. The en-containing phase is cubic with ao = 28.715(3)Å, ς(exp) = 1.446(5) g cm-3; the approximate cell content is [N(C4H9)4]24 H144 [Si168O420] · 84 H2O · 36 en. Syntheses using [P(C4H9)4]OH instead of [N(C4H9)4]OH in the presence of en produced the corresponding cubic tetrabutylphosphonium hydrogen silicate.
Quantitation of total carbon dioxide in nanoliter samples by flow-through fluorometry (1990)

A new ultramicrofluorometric assay for the measurement of picomole amounts of total CO2 is described. The assay is based on a sequence of two linked enzymatic reactions: HCO3 reacts with phosphoenolpyruvate forming oxaloacetate, and oxaloacetate is then converted to malate with associated oxidation of NADH to NAD+. The fluorescence of NADH is measured in a modified ultramicrofluorometer. The HCO3 content of the sample is proportional to the decrease in NADH fluorescence. The method can resolve differences as small as 5.5 pmol total CO2 in 3-nl samples containing 0-160 pmol. The assay is 5- to 10-fold more sensitive than the widely used microcalorimetric assay. The assay can also measure total CO2 in biological samples. The assay will be useful in measuring transepithelial total CO2 transport in short distal nephron segments with low rates of total CO2 transport without resorting to extremely long collection times.
An Insight into the Wearable Technologies Based on Novel Hybrid Piezoelectric‐Triboelectric Nanogenerators (2023)

Hybrid piezoelectric‐triboelectric nanogenerators (HPTNGs) are a new energy storage device that combines the benefits of both technologies. This technology can revolutionize energy storage and bring down solar and renewable costs. HPTNGs are becoming increasingly popular in the wearable technology market due to their unique characteristics. HPTNGs feature hybrid piezoelectric and triboelectric modes, allowing them to generate electricity from low voltage and sound waves. This combination gives them a higher performance than either type of generator, making them ideal for applications such as mobile banking, health monitoring, and smart home control. This article begins with a discussion on the structural configuration of hybrid HPTNGs, followed by describing their coupling effect and applications in wearable technology. Furthermore, it also focuses on the challenges, possible solutions, and prospects of this device in the wearable industry.
A second-order method for convex1-regularized optimization with active-set prediction (2016)

We describe an active-set method for the minimization of an objective function φ that is the sum of a smooth convex function f and an -regularization term. A distinctive feature of the method is the way in which active-set identification and second-order subspace minimization steps are integrated to combine the predictive power of the two approaches. At every iteration, the algorithm selects a candidate set of free and fixed variables, performs an (inexact) subspace phase, and then assesses the quality of the new active set. If it is not judged to be acceptable, then the set of free variables is restricted and a new active-set prediction is made. We establish global convergence for our approach under the assumptions of Lipschitz-continuity and strong-convexity of f, and compare the new method against state-of-the-art codes.
Topological Electride (2018)

Recent discoveries of topological phases realized in electronic states in solids have revealed an important role of topology, which ubiquitously appears in various materials in nature. Many well-known materials have turned out to be topological materials, and this new viewpoint of topology has opened a new horizon in material science. In this paper we find that electrides are suitable for achieving various topological phases, including topological insulating and topological semimetal phases. In the electrides, in which electrons serve as anions, the bands occupied by the anionic electrons lie near the Fermi level, because the anionic electrons are weakly bound by the lattice. This property of the electrides is favorable for achieving band inversions needed for topological phases, and thus the electrides are prone to topological phases. From such a point of view, we find many topological electrides, Y$_2$C (nodal-line semimetal (NLS)), Sc$_2$C (insulator with $\pi$ Zak phase), Sr$_2$Bi (NLS), HfBr (quantum spin Hall system), and LaBr (quantum anomalous Hall insulator), by using ab initio calculation. The close relationship between the electrides and the topological materials is useful in material science in both fields.
Stable expression and functional characterization of a human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with α6β2 properties: discovery of selective antagonists (2011)

We generated a mammalian cell line stably expressing nAChRs, with pharmacological properties similar to native α6β2*-nAChRs, and used it to identify novel non-peptide, low molecular weight, α6β2-selective antagonists. We also propose a pharmacophore model of α6β2 antagonists, which offers a starting point for the development of new smoking cessation agents.
Properties of isocyanate‐reactive waterborne polyurethane adhesives: Effect of cure reaction with various polyol and chain extender content (2009)

Abstract Three series of isocyanate‐reactive waterborne polyurethane adhesives were prepared with various contents of chain extender (4.25/8.25/12.50 mol %) and polyol (20.75/16.75/12.50 mol %). Each series had a fixed amount of excess (residual) NCO group (0.50–2.00 mol %). FTIR and 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy identified the formation of urea crosslink structure mainly above 80°C of various cure temperatures (20–120°C) with excess diisocyanate. The molecular weight, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and adhesive strength depend on excess NCO content and cure temperature and also varied with polyol and chain extender content. The optimum cure temperature was 100°C for all the samples. The tensile strength, Young's modulus, and adhesive strength increased with increasing cure temperature above 60°C up to the optimum temperature) (100°C) and then almost leveled off. Among all the samples, the maximum values of tensile strength, Young's modulus, and adhesive strength were found with 63.22 wt % polyol, 0.93 wt % chain extender, and 1.50 mol % excess (residual) NCO content at 100°C optimum cure temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Techniques of cryogenic reactive ion etching in silicon for fabrication of sensors (2009)

Cryogenic etching of silicon, using an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etcher (ICP-RIE), has extraordinary properties which can lead to unique structures difficult to achieve using other etching methods. In this work, the authors demonstrate the application of ICP-RIE techniques which capitalize on the cryogenic properties to create different sensors geometries: optical, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical. The three techniques demonstrated are (1) single step deep etches with controllable sidewall profiles. Demonstrating this, silicon pillars with over 70μm depth and less than 250nm sidewall roughness were etched using only 1.6μm of photoresist for use as solar cells. (2) Using the cryogenic etch for thick metallization and liftoff with a thin photoresist mask. Demonstrating this second technique, a magnetic shim was created by deposition of 6.5μm of iron into 20μm deep etched trenches, using the remaining 1.5μm photoresist etch mask as the liftoff mask. Using the same technique, 15μm of copper was lifted off leaving a 20μm deep plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition silicon oxide coated, silicon channel with copper. (3) Use of a two step cryogenic etch for deep etching with reduced sidewall undercutting. This was demonstrated by fabrication of deep and anisotropic microelectromechanical systems structures; a mechanical resonator was etched 183μm deep into silicon with less than 3μm of undercutting. This work also describes the etch parameters and etch controls for each of these sensors.
Toward pH Independent Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Polydopamine Derived 3D Interconnected, Iron Carbide Embedded Graphitic Carbon (2021)

Recent advancements on the development of nonprecious electrocatalysts with iron (Fe) incorporated active centers have generated confidence on realizing cost-effective proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, most of these catalysts that emerged as a substitution for the platinum supported on carbon (Pt/C) catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are active under basic conditions, and their feasibility in PEMFCs remains as a challenge. In this scenario, this work reports the synthesis of a Pt-free oxygen reduction electrocatalyst prepared by the annealing of polydopamine grown melamine foam. The prepared catalyst has a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected bilayer network structure possessing the carbon nitride backbone wrapped by graphitic carbon layer bearing iron carbides and nitrides as the active centers (3D-FePDC). Interestingly, the 3D-FePDC catalyst displayed an ORR activity both under acidic and basic conditions. Whereas the ORR performance of 3D-FePDC closely matches that of the commercial Pt/C in the basic medium, it displays only a low overpotential value of 60 mV under acidic conditions compared to its Pt counterpart. The kinetics of ORR on 3D-FePDC is found to be similar to the four-electron (4e) reduction pathway displayed by Pt/C. Testing of a PEMFC in a single cell mode by using 3D-FePDC as the cathode catalyst and Nafion membrane delivered a maximum power density of 278 mW cm<sup>-2</sup>, which is a promising value expected from a system based on the nonprecious metal cathode. Ultimately, as a cost-effective catalyst that can effectively perform irrespective of the pH conditions, 3D-FePDC offers significant prospects in the areas like fuel cells and metal-air batteries which work in acidic and/or basic conditions.
Gated Orthogonal Recurrent Units: On Learning to Forget (2019)

We present a novel recurrent neural network (RNN)-based model that combines the remembering ability of unitary evolution RNNs with the ability of gated RNNs to effectively forget redundant or irrelevant information in its memory. We achieve this by extending restricted orthogonal evolution RNNs with a gating mechanism similar to gated recurrent unit RNNs with a reset gate and an update gate. Our model is able to outperform long short-term memory, gated recurrent units, and vanilla unitary or orthogonal RNNs on several long-term-dependency benchmark tasks. We empirically show that both orthogonal and unitary RNNs lack the ability to forget. This ability plays an important role in RNNs. We provide competitive results along with an analysis of our model on many natural sequential tasks, including question answering, speech spectrum prediction, character-level language modeling, and synthetic tasks that involve long-term dependencies such as algorithmic, denoising, and copying tasks.