gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Energy Band and Electron Affinity of Highly Phosphorous-doped Epitaxial CVD Diamond (2007)

The surface energy band diagrams and the electron affinity of hydrogen-terminated and oxygen-terminated highly phosphorous-doped single crystal diamond (111) surfaces have been studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary electron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoemission electron micro-spectroscopy. A hydrogen-terminated boron-doped diamond (001) surface was used as a reference of surface energy band diagram. The electron affinity of the H-terminated heavily P-doped diamond was determined to be 0.2 ± 0.15 eV, thus close to zero. The electron affinity of the O-terminated highly P-doped diamond was determined to be 0.0 ± 0.15 eV, thus can be negative. However, the surface energy bands for the two highly P-doped samples were found to have large amounts (3 eV) of upward bending toward surface. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2007.33]
Nanoparticle Detection of Urinary Markers for Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Kidney Injury (2015)

The high incidence of acute and chronic kidney injury due to various environmental factors such as heavy metals or chemicals has been a major problem in developing countries. However, the diagnosis of kidney injury in these areas can be more challenging due to the lack of highly sensitive and specific techniques that can be applied in point-of-care settings. To address this, we have developed a technique called 'micro-urine nanoparticle detection (μUNPD)', that allows the detection of trace amounts of molecular markers in urine. Specifically, this technique utilizes an automated on-chip assay followed by detection with a hand-held device for the read-out. Using the μUNPD technology, the kidney injury markers KIM-1 and Cystatin C were detected down to concentrations of 0.1 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml respectively, which meets the cut-off range required to identify patients with acute or chronic kidney injury. Thus, we show that the μUNPD technology enables point of care and non-invasive detection of kidney injury, and has potential for applications in diagnosing kidney injury with high sensitivity in resource-limited settings.
Growth of (001) oriented La—Sr—Co—O/Pb—La—Zr—Ti—O/La—Sr—Co—O ferroelectric capacitors on (001) GaAs with a MgO buffer layer (1996)

Abstract Thin film La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Pb0.9La0.1Zr0.2Ti0.3O3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 capacitor structures (LSCO/PLZT/LSCO) have been grown on (001) GaAs substrates with MgO as a buffer layer. The MgO films on GaAs were grown by pulsed laser deposition and electron-beam evaporation and the capacitor heterostructures were grown using pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed all films to be (001) oriented. Ferroelectric capacitors were fabricated to determine their electrical behavior: the films showed resistivity above 1010 ohms/cm2, a typical saturation polarization of 20–30 μC/cm2, minimum retention loss, low time-dependent imprint and negligible fatigue up to 1011 cycles. These characteristics indicate that high-quality (001) oriented PLZT can be easily integrated with GaAs substrates, and could be used to produce GaAs-based electrical and, more importantly, optical devices.
13.3: Improvement for DICOM GSDF Calibration for Medical Displays (2006)

Abstract The Gray Scale Standard Display Function (GSDF) for calibration of medical displays is a useful model, but as such not sufficient to achieve highest possible image quality. We will discuss a method to improve calibration accuracy over the complete display surface.
Expected Practice as a Novel Antibiotic Stewardship Intervention (2018)

"Expected practice" is a recently described method to alter clinical behavior. We implemented an expected practice around short-course antibiotic therapy, which was associated with decreased antibiotic utilization for multiple bacterial infections. Thus, we describe this expected practice as a novel, simple, and inexpensive tool to enhance antibiotic stewardship.
Effect of Sorbed Water and Temperature on the Optical Properties and Density of Thin Glassy Polymer Films on a Silicon Substrate (2007)

The effect of relative humidity and temperature on the refractive index and thickness of thin glassy polymer films (l ∼ 500 nm) supported on silicon substrates was measured using ellipsometry. The polymers considered, polysulfone and a polyimide, exhibited increasing refractive index and film thickness with increasing relative humidity. The effect of exposure to high water activity on dry glassy polymer film properties was studied. The specific refraction, as used in the Lorentz−Lorenz equation, was determined directly for these polymers, and its dependence on temperature and aging history was examined. Water vapor sorption in thick polymer films (l ∼ 100 μm) was measured using gravimetric techniques and shown to be consistent with the water vapor sorption measured in thin films using ellipsometry. The thin film water vapor sorption data are compared to the extreme possibilities of volume additivity and constant volume as water is sorbed; the results fall in between these limits but closer to the constant volume case.
A measurement-based admission control algorithm for integrated service packet networks (1997)

Many designs for integrated services networks offer a bounded delay packet delivery service to support real-time applications. To provide a bounded delay service, networks must use admission control to regulate their load. Previous work on admission control mainly focused on algorithms that compute the worst case theoretical queueing delay to guarantee an absolute delay bound for all packets. In this paper, we describe a measurement-based admission control algorithm (ACA) for predictive service, which allows occasional delay violations. We have tested our algorithm through simulations on a wide variety of network topologies and driven with various source models, including some that exhibit long-range dependence, both in themselves and in their aggregation. Our simulation results suggest that measurement-based approach combined with the relaxed service commitment of predictive service enables us to achieve a high level of network utilization while still reliably meeting the delay bound.
Cover Feature: Quadruply Fused Aromatic Heterocycles toward 4 V‐Class Robust Organic Cathode‐Active Materials (Batteries & Supercaps 8/2022) (2022)

The Cover Feature shows an organic polymer-based battery displaying a voltage of over 4 V. A dimethylfluoflavin-substituted polymer offers the voltage and good cycle life as a cathode-active material. More information can be found in the Research Article by K. Hatakeyama-Sato, K. Oyaizu and co-workers.
Quantum information diode based on a magnonic crystal (2023)

Abstract Exploiting the effect of nonreciprocal magnons in a system with no inversion symmetry, we propose a concept of a quantum information diode (QID), i.e. a device rectifying the amount of quantum information transmitted in the opposite directions. We control the asymmetric left and right quantum information currents through an applied external electric field and quantify it through the left and right out-of-time-ordered correlation. To enhance the efficiency of the QID, we utilize a magnonic crystal. We excite magnons of different frequencies and let them propagate in opposite directions. Nonreciprocal magnons propagating in opposite directions have different dispersion relations. Magnons propagating in one direction match resonant conditions and scatter on gate magnons. Therefore, magnon flux in one direction is damped in the magnonic crystal leading to an asymmetric transport of quantum information in the QID. A QID can be fabricated from an yttrium iron garnet film. This is an experimentally feasible concept and implies certain conditions: low temperature and small deviation from the equilibrium to exclude effects of phonons and magnon interactions. We show that rectification of the flaw of quantum information can be controlled efficiently by an external electric field and magnetoelectric effects.
Restoring color document images with show-through effects by multiscale analysis (2003)

This paper describes a new approach to restoring scanned color document images where the backside image shows through the paper sheet. A new framework is presented for correcting show-through components using digital image processing techniques. First, the foreground components on the front side are separated from the background and backside components through locally adaptive binarization for each color component and edge magnitude thresholding. Background colors are estimated locally through color thresholding to generate a restored image, and then corrected adaptively through multi-scale analysis along with comparison of edge distributions between the original and the restored image. The proposed method does not require specific input devices or the backside to be input; it is able to correct unneeded image components through analysis of the front side image alone. Experimental results are given to verify effectiveness of the proposed method.
Assembly of Complete KIR Haplotypes from a Diploid Individual by the Direct Sequencing of Full-Length Fosmids (2015)

We demonstrate the method on DNA samples from a number of individuals and fully recover the sequence of both haplotypes from a pool of KIR fosmids. The ability to haplotype and sequence complex immunogenetic regions will bring exciting opportunities to explore the evolution of disease associations of the immune sub-genome. This simple and robust approach can be scaled-up allowing a complex genomic region to be sequenced at a population level. We expect such sequencing to be valuable in disease association research.
Cisplatin treatment renders tumor cells more susceptible to attack by lymphokine-activated killer cells. (1991)

We investigated whether tumor cell lysis by lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells was enhanced by treatment of the tumor cells with cisplatin (CDDP) in vitro. Tumor cells were treated with CDDP in vitro, and the cytotoxic activity for LAK cells was measured by 4-h 51Cr-release assay. The alterations of succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity, and DNA,RNA synthesis of tumor cells were analysed. The susceptibility of CDDP-treated (2 micrograms/ml, 2h) Daudi and KATO-III cells to lysis by short term-cultured LAK cells was enhanced, as was the susceptibility of CDDP-treated (2 micrograms/ml, 12h) autologous tumor and Daudi cells to lysis by long term-cultured LAK cells. SD activity and DNA synthesis in tumor cells were impaired by 12-h treatment with 2 micrograms/ml of CDDP, whereas those were not altered by 2-h treatment with 2 micrograms/ml of CDDP. The enhancement of the susceptibility of CDDP-treated tumor cells to long term-cultured LAK cells was thus elucidated; it was shown to be due to alterations of the tumor cells with regard to their SD activity and DNA synthesis. It is suggested that the combined therapy with CDDP and LAK cells offers hope for increasing the response rate and the long-term survival of cancer patients.
An Experimental mmWave Channel Model for UAV-to-UAV Communications (2020)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks can provide a resilient communication infrastructure to enhance terrestrial networks in case of traffic spikes or disaster scenarios. However, to be able to do so, they need to be based on high-bandwidth wireless technologies for both radio access and backhaul. With this respect, the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum represents an enticing solution, since it provides large chunks of untapped spectrum that can enable ultra-high data-rates for aerial platforms. Aerial mmWave channels, however, experience characteristics that are significantly different from terrestrial deployments in the same frequency bands. As of today, mmWave aerial channels have not been extensively studied and modeled. Specifically, the combination of UAV micro-mobility (because of imprecisions in the control loop, and external factors including wind) and the highly directional mmWave transmissions require ad hoc models to accurately capture the performance of UAV deployments. To fill this gap, we propose an empirical propagation loss model for UAV-to-UAV communications at 60 GHz, based on an extensive aerial measurement campaign conducted with the Facebook Terragraph channel sounders. We compare it with 3GPP channel models and make the measurement dataset publicly available.
Object-Oriented Methods: Pragmatic Considerations (1996)

Focusing on implementing procedures, this text offers practical knowledge for building systems using an object-oriented philosophy. It shows how object-oriented methods and techniques can be used to plan, analyze, design, construct and transition systems. The book covers: diagramming techniques used to model system requirements; using design templates to generate object-oriented program code; implementing object-oriented concepts using non-object-oriented implementations; the practice of reusability; standards for object interaction; the future of software; and developing object-oriented and client server systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel, Selective Mechanism‐Based Inhibitors of the Herpes Proteases. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The effect of sample age on the metabolic information extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue samples using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (2021)

<i>Background:</i> Metabolites, especially lipids, have been shown to be promising therapeutic targets. In conjugation with genes and proteins they can be used to identify phenotypes of disease and support the development of targeted treatments. The majority of clinically collected tissue samples are stored in formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) blocks due to their tissue conservation ability and indefinite storage capacity. For metabolic analysis, however, fresh frozen (FF) samples are currently preferred over FFPE samples due to concerns of metabolic information being lost when preparing the samples. With little or no sample preparation, desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) allows for the study of spatial as well as spectral information. <i>Methods:</i> DESI-MSI analysis was performed on FFPE breast cancer tissue microarray samples from 213 patients collected between the years 1935-2013. Logistic regression (LR) models were built to classify samples based on age and FF samples were used for feature validation. <i>Results:</i> LR models developed on the FFPE samples achieved an average classification accuracy of 96% when predicting their age with a 10-year grouping. Closer examination of the metabolic change over time revealed that the mean signal intensities for the lower mass range (100 - 500 m/z) linearly decrease over time, while the mean intensities for the higher mass range (500 - 900 m/z), remained relatively constant. <i>Conclusions:</i> In our samples, which span over 70 years, sample age has a weak yet quantifiable impact on metabolite content in FFPE samples, while the higher mass range is seemingly unaffected. FFPE samples thus provide an alternative avenue for metabolic analysis of lipids.
Analytical Expressions Of Power Spectral Density For General Spectrally Shaped Sc-Fdma Systems (2013)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Marrakech, Morocco, 2013
A New, Further Stabilized Strain Gage Type Low Pressure Engine Indicator, Development and Analysis (1970)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A low-pressure indicator incorporating high stability, high sensitivity to the required pressure, and nonsensitivity to engine vibration has been developed. This new indicator employs a peripherally fixed strain-generating disk and a wavy cone type of diaphragm, which is insulated from the outer body by a silicone O-ring. The generated strain was detected by a strain gage that had high compensating performance for the temperature. Analytical study was made to get the optimum design for disk thickness, diameter, and additional vibrating mass. The combination of this analytical study and the development of several new devices made possible the incorporation of various innovations in this newly developed low-pressure indicator which was designed to obtain data that would augment present methods of engine analysis.&lt;/div&gt;
Rear-Seat Occupant Responses in NHTSA Rear Crash Tests (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This study analyzed FMVSS 301 rear impact tests with an instrumented rear-seat dummy. NHTSA conducted 15 FMVSS 301 rear crash tests with an instrumented and belted 50&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; Hybrid III dummy in the rear seat. In series 1, there were three repeat tests with the Jeep Liberty and two others, but no onboard camera view. In series 2, there were 8 tests with 2003-2005 MY (model year) vehicles that had rear head restraints. In series 3, there were two tests with 2004-2005 MY vehicles that did not have rear head restraints. There was an onboard camera view of the rear occupant in series 2 and 3. The dummy responses were evaluated and compared to relevant IARVs (injury assessment reference values). Based on the HRMD, the average height of the rear head restraints was 80.4 ± 3.4 cm (31.6″ ± 1.3″) above the H-point. In series 1, the delta V was 24.4 ± 2.0 km/h (15.2 ± 1.3 mph). The upper neck extension moment averaged 28% ± 10% of IARV and the lower neck extension moment was 56% ± 26% with a head restraint. The neck extension angle was −34.2 ± 10.7 deg. In series 2, the rear impact resulted in 27.7 ± 2.7 km/h (17.2 ± 1.7 mph) delta V in vehicles with rear head restraints. It was 28.4 ± 2.4 km/h (17.6 ± 1.5 mph) in the two tests without a rear head restraint in series 3. The upper neck extension moment averaged 37% ± 20% in series 2 with a head restraint and 45% ± 15% without. The lower neck extension moment averaged 47% ± 21% in series 2 with a head restraint and 82% ± 35% without. The head-to-torso extension angle was −23.0 ± 18.1 deg in series 2 with a head restraint and −63.7 ± 0.4 deg without. All but one of the biomechanical responses were below IARV. In four tests with head restraints, the dummy ramped up the seatback and the head interacted with the roof liner. This resulted in neck compression and extension and may be a factor for mid-sized and taller occupants in rear seats with head restraints.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Modeling and measuring Gouy phase anomaly in astigmatic beams (2010)

We simulate the predicted Gouy phase anomaly near astigmatic foci of Gaussian beams using a beam propagation algorithm integrated with lens design software and compare computational results with experimental data using a modified Mertz Interferometer.
Predicting Loss Risks for B2B Tendering Processes (2021)

Sellers and executives who maintain a bidding pipeline of sales engagements with multiple clients for many opportunities significantly benefit from data-driven insight into the health of each of their bids. There are many predictive models that offer likelihood insights and win prediction modeling for these opportunities. Currently, these win prediction models are in the form of binary classification and only make a prediction for the likelihood of a win or loss. The binary formulation is unable to offer any insight as to why a particular deal might be predicted as a loss. This paper offers a multi-class classification model to predict win probability, with the three loss classes offering specific reasons as to why a loss is predicted, including no bid, customer did not pursue, and lost to competition. These classes offer an indicator of how that opportunity might be handled given the nature of the prediction. Besides offering baseline results on the multi-class classification, this paper also offers results on the model after class imbalance handling, with the results achieving a high accuracy of 85% and an average AUC score of 0.94.
Reducing Staphylococcus aureus resistance to lysostaphin using CRISPR‐dCas9 (2019)

Bacteriolytic enzymes (cell lytic enzymes) are promising alternatives to antibiotics especially in killing drug-resistant bacteria. However, some bacteria slowly become resistant to various classes of peptidoglycan hydrolases, for reasons not well studied, in the presence of growth-supporting nutrients, which are prevalent at sites of infection. Here, we show that Staphylococcus aureus, a human and animal pathogen, while susceptible to the potent staphylolytic enzyme lysostaphin (Lst) in buffered saline, is highly resistant in the rich medium tryptic soy broth (TSB). Through a series of biochemical analysis, we identified that the resistance was due to prevention of Lst-cell binding mediated by the wall teichoic acids (WTAs) present on the cell surface. Inhibition or deletion of the gene tarO responsible for the first step of WTA biosynthesis greatly reduced S. aureus resistance to Lst in TSB. To overcome the resistance, we took advantage of the gene regulation potential of CRISPR-dCas9 and demonstrated that downregulation of tarO, tarH, and/or tarG gene expression, the latter two encoding enzymes that anchor WTAs in the outer layer of cell wall peptidoglycan, sensitized S. aureus to Lst and enabled eradication of the bacterium in TSB in 24 hr. As a result, we elucidate a key mechanism of Lst resistance in metabolically active S. aureus and provide a potential approach for treating life-threatening or hard-to-treat infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens.
Baseline values and early (6-month) changes in total and bone specific alkaline phosphatase do not predict long-term (4-year) bone mineral density changes in postmenopausal osteoporotic women treated with fluoride (2000)

peer reviewed
ABC: Efficient Selection of Machine Learning Configuration on Large Dataset (2019)

A machine learning configuration refers to a combination of preprocessor, learner, and hyperparameters. Given a set of configurations and a large dataset randomly split into training and testing set, we study how to efficiently select the best configuration with approximately the highest testing accuracy when trained from the training set. To guarantee small accuracy loss, we develop a solution using confidence interval (CI)-based progressive sampling and pruning strategy. Compared to using full data to find the exact best configuration, our solution achieves more than two orders of magnitude speedup, while the returned top configuration has identical or close test accuracy.
Radical Polymerization Behavior of a Proline-Substituted Acrylamide. Effect of s-Cis−s-Trans Isomerization on the Polymerization (1999)

Synthesis and radical polymerization of a proline-substituted acrylamide, N-methacryloyl-l-proline methyl ester (A-P-M) were carried out. The isomerization of A-P-M between s-cis and s-trans forms of A-P-M was analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation, and the effect of the cis−trans isomerization on the radical polymerization of A-P-M was examined. The content of s-cis form of A-P-M increased with the NMR measuring temperature. The radical polymerization of A-P-M at higher temperature afforded the polymer with a higher s-cis content and a lower absolute value of specific rotation. It was suggested that the s-cis/s-trans ratio and the tacticity of the polymer affected the optical properties.