gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Concept of Vascular Calcification and Metabolism (2010)

Vascular calcification is recently considered as one of the major complications and an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Although vascular calcification was commonly regarded as a passive process of mineral adsorption or precipitation, it tends to be an active process associated with the expression of growth factors, matrix proteins, and other bone-related proteins. There are 2 main types of vascular calcification. Intimal calcification is found in atherosclerotic plaques and is associated with the vascular events such as myocardial infarction. Medial calcification is usually associated with age and chronic kidney disease patients, which leads to increased vascular stiffness and reduced vascular compliance. Interestingly, our vascular calcification model using ApoE deficient mice showed intima calcification at sites of atherosclerotic plaques under high fat diet with ovariectomy. Thus, lipid metabolism is one of the therapeutic targets to prevent intima calcification of aorta. Previously we reported that ezetimibe significantly prevented atherosclerosis through lipid-lowering effects in ApoE-deficient mice. Based on these findings, we speculate that ezetimibe might prevent aortic intima calcification, which may give us the benefits to decrease vascular events.
Effects of Wire EDM on the Microstructure of P/M Titanium Samples (2014)

Komercijalno isti titanij (CP Ti) se koristi u dentalnoj medicini zbog biokompatibilnosti, dobrih mehanikih svojstava i otpornosti na koroziju. Konvencionalni proizvodni procesi izrade takvog titanija mogu utjecati na kvalitetu povrine uzoraka i rezultirati slabim vezanjem CP Ti s dentalnom keramikom. Zato se uvode nove tehnologije proizvodnje titanija, primjerice metalurgi-
Metal/TiO2 interfaces for memristive switches (2011)

The interfaces between metal electrodes and the oxide in TiO2-based memristive switches play a key role in the switching as well as in the I–V characteristics of the devices in different resistance states. We demonstrate here that the work function of the metal electrode has a surprisingly minor effect in determining the electronic barrier at the interface. In contrast, Ti oxides can be readily reduced by most electrode metals. The amount of oxygen vacancies created by these chemical reactions essentially determines the electronic barrier at the device interfaces.
Integrative Genomic Analysis of Cholangiocarcinoma Identifies Distinct IDH -Mutant Molecular Profiles (2020)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy of the bile ducts, with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Here, we describe the integrated analysis of somatic mutations, RNA expression, copy number, and DNA methylation by The Cancer Genome Atlas of a set of predominantly intrahepatic CCA cases and propose a molecular classification scheme. We identified an IDH mutant-enriched subtype with distinct molecular features including low expression of chromatin modifiers, elevated expression of mitochondrial genes, and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Leveraging the multi-platform data, we observed that ARID1A exhibited DNA hypermethylation and decreased expression in the IDH mutant subtype. More broadly, we found that IDH mutations are associated with an expanded histological spectrum of liver tumors with molecular features that stratify with CCA. Our studies reveal insights into the molecular pathogenesis and heterogeneity of cholangiocarcinoma and provide classification information of potential therapeutic significance.
From Wavefront Device to Laser: An Alignment Method for Complete Registration of the Ablation to the Cornea (2005)

Because the pupil center undergoes significant movement with changes in lighting conditions, it is unsuitable as the sole alignment point for custom ablations. Several reference points are necessary to compensate for changing pupil size as well as the cyclotorsional eye position changes that occur between wavefront measurement and laser procedure. By providing multiple points for alignment, the registration method described herein increases safety and effectiveness of wavefront-based laser vision correction.
Robert Barker Memorial Session: Leadership in Plasma Science and Applications (2015)

This paper summarizes the Dr. Robert J. Barker memorial session at the IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science 2014. Each section summarizes progress in a plasma research area strongly influenced by Dr. Barker's leadership: 1) plasma medicine; 2) atmospheric-pressure plasmas; 3) high-power microwaves; 4) pulsed power; and 5) numerical simulation of plasmas. He had a profound influence on these and other plasma science applications, as well as on numerous individual researchers. He will be missed greatly.
Evaluation of X‐ray beam angulation for successful twin canal identification in mandibular incisors (1997)

This study was undertaken to determine the most effective horizontal beam angulation for the diagnosis of twin canals in mandibular incisors. Two hundred extracted mandibular incisor teeth, in groups of four, were aligned in the form of a lower dental arch and radiographed using a beam alignment device at 10 degrees intervals between 0 degree and 50 degrees from both right and left sides. Five observers with varying degrees of experience were asked to assess the number of canals in each of the four teeth from these radiographs. A further radiograph of each individual tooth was taken at 90 degrees through the mesio-distal plane to identify the number of twin canals present. A random sample of 10% of the radiographs were viewed for a second time 3 months later to assess intra-observer variation. The 20 degrees right and 30 degrees left horizontal beam angulations showed significantly more accurate diagnosis of twin canals than the ortho-radial view (0 degree) by all five observers. Analysis of the inter-observer results suggests that the experienced viewers were no better but more consistent at identifying twin canals in mandibular incisors.
The α-Pyridyl Nucleoside Analogue 2-Bromo-5-(2-deoxy-α-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridine (1996)

The structure of the title compound, C 10 H 12 BrNO 3 , is reported. The ribose sugar has a C3′-endo pucker and the exocyclic torsion angle O5′ - C5′ - C4′ - C3′ adopts a gauche + value of 61.0 (9)°.
Reaction of Photoluminescent Porous Silicon Surfaces with Lithium Reagents To Form Silicon−Carbon Bound Surface Species (1999)

Exposure of photoluminescent porous Si to alkyllithium reagents results in grafting of the alkyl group to the silicon surface by formation of a Si−C bond. The reaction is proposed to proceed by addition of the alkyllithium reagent across a surface Si−Si bond, forming Si−alkyl and Si−Li surface species. The highly reactive Si−Li surface group is readily hydrolyzed by water, resulting in significant surface oxidation. The surface-bound Li can also be replaced with acyl or methyl groups by addition of acetyl chloride, heptanoyl chloride, 4-butylbenzoyl chloride, 3-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride, 3-chloropropionyl chloride, or methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. The acylation or alkylation steps preclude surface oxidation. In all cases, the intensity of photoluminescence from the porous Si samples is reduced after functionalization.
On-the-Fly TCP Acceleration with Miniproxy (2016)

TCP proxies are basic building blocks for many advanced middleboxes. In this paper we present Miniproxy, a TCP proxy built on top of a specialized minimalistic cloud operating system. Miniproxy's connection handling performance is comparable to that of full-fledged GNU/Linux TCP proxy implementations, but its minimalistic footprint enables new use cases. Specifically, Miniproxy requires as little as 6 MB to run and boots in tens of milliseconds, enabling massive consolidation, on-the-fly instantiation and edge cloud computing scenarios. We demonstrate the benefits of Miniproxy by implementing and evaluating a TCP acceleration use case.
F-theta mirror scanning optics (1996)

Ever since the world's first laser printer<sup>1)</sup> was introduced in 1975, the standard for scanning optics systems has been the f&theta; lens (FTL), however f&theta; mirror (FTM) systems have also been under consideration since roughly the same date. In 1977 a theoretical analysis of parabolic FTM was made<sup>2)</sup>, and they were put to practical use in large-format printers. Since then, many papers and patents concerning FTM have been published <sup>3)</sup>. In October of 1990, a letter-size laser printer that used an FTM went on sale, and a related technical paper was released<sup>4)</sup>, but FTL systems nonetheless remained the main choice for scanning optics. In the course of developing plastic FTL, we found out the usefulness of FTM, in particular on the advantages that come with making them out of plastic, and studied some FTM systems. As a result, we have arrived at an original structure built by combining rotationally symmetric aspherical FTM with an ABTL (aspherical barrel-shaped toroidal lens), that is applicable to high-resolutions of 600 dpi and above.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Enhancement of Human Cancer Cell Motility and Invasiveness by Anaphylatoxin C5a via Aberrantly Expressed C5a Receptor (CD88) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 291K, Expression of C5aR on human primary cancers (A) and non-cancerous cells (B)&lt;/p&gt;
Reduction of Reconstruction Time and Data Volume of Sinogram by Angular Compression for Clinical Three-dimensional Whole Body FDG-PET (2004)

In positron emission tomography (PET), the large number of lines of responses in three-dimensional (3D) acquisition mode creates a high volume of sinogram data and increases reconstruction time in iterative reconstruction. We tried to decrease sinogram data volume by reducing the number of views using angular compression and then evaluated the accuracy of this mashed mode. Three methods were compared, conventional mode (CONV), X2 mashed mode (X2: two adjacent projection angles are added together), and X4 mashed mode (X4: four adjacent angles added). A point source of (18)F was used to measure spatial resolution. A hot spot phantom made of 6 hot spheres (10-38 mm in diameter) within water of 20 cm in diameter was scanned to evaluate the recovery coefficient (RC). A lung-heart-liver phantom made of homogeneous radioactive myocardium, a spherical hot mass in the lung (10 mm in diameter), and background activity in the liver was scanned to evaluate the homogeneity of the myocardial wall. The quality of the reconstructed images was evaluated in terms of the normalized mean square error (NMSE), Bull's eye map, profile curve, and peak value of the spherical hot mass. The reconstruction times of X2 and X4 were one-half and one-quarter, respectively, of that of CONV. In terms of spatial resolution, FWHM of CONV, X2, and X4 were, 4.26, 4.33, and 4.48 (mm) at the center, 4.81, 5.68, and 8.73 tangentially, and 8.01, 8.19, and 8.27 radially at R=200 mm, respectively. RC was similar for all methods. The NMSE values of X2 and X4 compared with CONV were 0.0003 and 0.0014, respectively. In the hot mass, these methods showed almost the same profile curves, although the peak value of X4 was only -1.95% less than that of CONV. Although the result of spatial resolution of X4 was slightly degraded, image quality and physical performance were good. Therefore, the X4 mashed mode used with angular compression was considered clinically useful.
Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Some New Substituted Amidinobenzimidazolyl‐furyl‐phenyl‐acrylates and Naphtho[2,1‐b]furancarboxylates. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Silencing Egr1 Attenuates Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Normal Tissues while Killing Cancer Cells and Delaying Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Knocking down Egr1 in normal cell lines reduces degree of apoptotic morphology after irradiation.&lt;/p&gt;
An Experimental Investigation of the Performance Impact of Swirl on a Turbine Exhaust Diffuser/Collector for a Series of Diffuser Strut Geometries (2015)

A comprehensive experimental investigation was initiated to evaluate the aerodynamic performance of a gas turbine exhaust diffuser/collector for various strut geometries over a range of inlet angle. The test was conducted on a 1/12th scale rig developed for rapid and accurate evaluation of multiple test configurations. The facility was designed to run continuously at an inlet Mach number of 0.40 and an inlet hydraulic diameter-based Reynolds number of 3.4×105. Multi-hole pneumatic pressure probes and surface oil flow visualization were deployed to ascertain the effects of inlet flow angle and strut geometry. Initial baseline diffuser-only tests with struts omitted showed a weakly increasing trend in pressure recovery with increasing swirl, peaking at 14° before rapidly dropping. Tests on profiled struts showed a similar trend with reduced recovery across the range of swirl and increased recovery drop beyond the peak. Subsequent tests for a full diffuser/collector configuration with profiled struts revealed a rising trend at lower swirl when compared to diffuser-only results, albeit with a reduction in recovery. When tested without struts, the addition of the collector to the diffuser not only reduced the pressure recovery at all angles but also resulted in a shift of the overall characteristic to a peak recovery at a lower value of swirl. The increased operation range associated with the implementation of struts in the full configuration is attributed to the de-swirling effects of the profiled struts. In this case the decreased swirl reduces the flow asymmetry responsible for the reduction in pressure recovery attributed to the formation of a localized reverse-flow vortex near the bottom of the collector. This research indicates that strut setting angle and, to a lesser extent, strut shape can be optimized to provide peak engine performance over a wide range of operation.
Method of carbon dioxide-free hydrogen production from hydrocarbon decomposition over metal salts (2023)

A process to decompose methane into carbon (graphitic powder) and hydrogen (H.sub.2 gas) without secondary production of carbon dioxide, employing a cycle in which a secondary chemical is recycled and reused, is disclosed.
Desaturation indices in liver, muscle, and bone of growing male and female mice fed trans‐10, cis‐12 conjugated linoleic acid (2006)

trans-10,cis-12-CLA (t10,c12-CLA) inhibits lipid deposition in adipose tissue of many species, but it also enhances lipid deposition in liver. We evaluated effects of dietary t10,c12-CLA content and gender on carcass composition, FA profile of selected tissues, and expression of FA synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD) mRNA in adipose tissue. Male and female (63 of each) CD-1 mice were assigned a diet containing 0.0, 0.15, or 0.30% t10,c12-CLA at 4 wk of age. Seven mice per dietary group within gender were sacrificed after 2, 4, or 6 wk. The CLA isomer caused dose-dependent reductions in dry carcass weight and fat content, without altering protein content, but carcass fat and epididymal fat pad weights of males were reduced to a greater extent than carcass fat and inguinal fat pad weights of females. FAS and SCD mRNA in adipose tissue was more abundant in females than males, but expression in both genders decreased as the t10,c12-CLA content of the diet increased. Although the weight of gastrocnemius muscle was not influenced by diet, total FA content of the muscle of both genders decreased in response to dietary t10,c12-CLA content. Femur weight of male mice increased as the t10,c12-CLA content of the diet increased, but the weight increase was associated with a reduction in total FA content. The delta 9 desaturation indices for muscle and femur suggested a linear reduction in SCD activity, whereas delta 9 indices for liver indicated linear enhancement of SCD activity. Overall, results suggested that growing male mice were more susceptible than females to t10,c12-CLA inhibition of lipid deposition.
Measurements of Decoherence in Three dc SQUID Phase Qubits (2007)

We report measurements of spectroscopic linewidth and Rabi oscillations in three thin-film dc SQUID phase qubits. One device had a 6-turn Nb loop, the second had a single-turn Al loop, and the third was a first order gradiometer formed from 6-turn wound and counter-wound Nb coils to provide isolation from spatially uniform flux noise. In the 6-7.2 GHz range, the spectroscopic coherence times for the gradiometer varied from 4 ns to 8 ns, about the same as for the other devices (4 to 10 ns). The time constant for decay of Rabi oscillations was significantly longer in the single-turn Al device (20 to 30 ns) than either of the Nb devices (10 to 15 ns). These results imply that spatially uniform flux noise is not the main source of decoherence or inhomogeneous broadening in these devices.
A Simple Technique for Submicron Scale Patterning of Silver Using Visible Light Interference (2008)

A novel, one step and simple methodology for the fabrication of submicron scale silver patterns is demonstrated. The photosensitivity of an organic silver salt has been utilized for this purpose of fabrication. The silver-organometallic compound is converted to metallic silver selectively in the illuminated regions. Surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) shows the presence of silver in the developed film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the formation of metallic silver. Feature sizes of the order of 200 nm have been achieved using this technique.
Convergent access to ketones, vinyl esters and vinyl bromides by a tin-free radical addition-intramolecular hydrogen atom transferDedicated with respect to Professor Gordon Whitham. (2003)

Xanthate-mediated intermolecular radical addition, hydrogen atom transfer and sulfonyl radical elimination have been efficiently combined in a new convergent synthesis of ketones and substituted olefins.
Privacy-Preserving Data Mining (2009)

Privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) refers to the area of data mining that seeks to safeguard sensitive information from unsolicited or unsanctioned disclosure. Most traditional data mining techniques analyze and model the data set statistically, in aggregated form, while privacy preservation is primarily concerned with protecting against disclosure of individual data records. This domain separation points to the technical feasibility of PPDM. Historically, issues related to PPDM were first studied by the national statistical agencies interested in collecting private social and economical data, such as census and tax records, and making it available for analysis by public servants, companies, and researchers. Building accurate socioeconomical models is vital for business planning and public policy. Yet, there is no way of knowing in advance what models may be needed, nor is it feasible for the statistical agency to perform all data processing for everyone, playing the role of a trusted third party. Instead, the agency provides the data in a sanitized form that allows statistical processing and protects the privacy of individual records, solving a problem known as privacypreserving data publishing. For a survey of work in statistical databases, see Adam and Wortmann (1989) and Willenborg and de Waal (2001).
Identification of soluble interleukin-1 binding protein in cell-free supernatants. Evidence for soluble interleukin-1 receptor. (1990)

This study describes the identification and characterization of a soluble interleukin-1 (IL-1) binding protein in the conditioned media from Raji human B-lymphoma cells. The soluble IL-1 binding material was isolated by IL-1 affinity chromatography, and treatment with trypsin decreased its ability to bind to IL-1 demonstrating its protein nature. The soluble IL-1 binding protein was specific for IL-1 and was able to discriminate between Il-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in a manner analogous to the membrane-bound Raji IL-1 receptor. The specificity of the IL-1 binding protein was further established in two ways. 1) Cell-free supernatants from Raji "receptor-negative" cells did not contain any IL-1 binding protein, thus ruling out nonspecific interactions between IL-1 and a serum or other protein present in the conditioned medium; and 2) the soluble binding protein inhibited IL-1 binding to Raji cells in a dose-dependent manner. Scatchard analysis of IL-1 beta binding showed the dissociation constant (KD) to be 5.1 nM for the soluble IL-1 binding protein compared with 0.8 nM for the membrane-bound IL-1 receptor. Gel chromatography of the soluble binding protein yielded a major peak of IL-1 binding activity with a molecular mass of 35-45 kDa. The characteristics of the soluble IL-1 binding protein described above are consistent with those of the extracellular binding domain of the membrane-bound Raji IL-1 receptor.
Synthesis of 3,5-O-Benzylidene-2-deoxy-L-riboaldose from 5,5-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane (2000)

Abstract The asymmetric alkylation of 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one was achieved via the RAMP-hydrazone. Regeneration of the ketone followed by setreoselective reduction and ozonolysis, gave the protected 2-deoxy-L-ribose, 3,5-O-benzyldiene-2-deoxy-L-erythro-pentoaldose with 98% e.e. Removal of the benzylidene yielded the unnatural 2-deoxy-L-ribose.
Specific initiation at an origin of replication from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (1994)

Using a genetic assay for efficient autonomous replication, we have isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe a 6.2-kb fragment which shows the properties expected of an origin of DNA replication in S. pombe. A 2.8-kb subclone of the fragment has the same replication properties. Two-dimensional gel analysis of replication intermediates throughout plasmids carrying the 6.2- or 2.8-kb fragments shows that replication initiates only in a specific region, which can be localized to within several hundred base pairs, in the fragments. This region is also a site of replication initiation in the S. pombe chromosome where the fragments normally reside. These results provide strong evidence that initiation of replication in S. pombe is localized and mediated by specific DNA sequence signals.
A Novel Sense-Amplifier and Plate-Line Architecture for Ferroelectric Memories (2002)

We present a novel sense-amplifier for FeRAM that is about 2.5 times faster than the conventional sense-amplifier. In addition, it has truly independent sense and write-back capability and resolves the well-known bit-line capacitance imbalance issues. Moreover, thanks to separate write-back, data can be started on its path to the chip's data output buffer, irrespective of the time required to accomplish the write-back. Furthermore, a new plate-line architecture that reduces the load per plate-line compared to conventional global plate-line schemes and employs full CMOS drivers is presented. A boosted gate voltage is not required. Therefore, it is ideal for ultra-low voltage operation. For a ferroelectric memory in 0.13 w m CMOS technology that employs the new sense amplifier and the new plate-line architecture a simulated read/write cycle time of <20 ns at 1.5 volt was observed.