gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Lignan Lactone Antitumor Agents. Part 1. Synthesis of Aminoglycosidic Lignan Variants (II) Related to Podophyllotoxin (I). Studies on Lignan Lactone Antitumor Agents. Part 2. Synthesis of N‐Alkylamino‐ and 2,6‐Dideoxy‐2‐aminoglycosidic Lignan Variants (III) Related to Podophyllotoxin (I). (1987)

ChemInformVolume 18, Issue 9 Natural Products ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Lignan Lactone Antitumor Agents. Part 1. Synthesis of Aminoglycosidic Lignan Variants (II) Related to Podophyllotoxin (I). Studies on Lignan Lactone Antitumor Agents. Part 2. Synthesis of N-Alkylamino- and 2,6-Dideoxy-2-aminoglycosidic Lignan Variants (III) Related to Podophyllotoxin (I). H. SAITO, H. SAITO Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorH. YOSHIKAWA, H. YOSHIKAWA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorY. NISHIMURA, Y. NISHIMURA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. KONDO, S. KONDO Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorT. TAKEUCHI, T. TAKEUCHI Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorH. UMEZAWA, H. UMEZAWA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this author H. SAITO, H. SAITO Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorH. YOSHIKAWA, H. YOSHIKAWA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorY. NISHIMURA, Y. NISHIMURA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. KONDO, S. KONDO Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorT. TAKEUCHI, T. TAKEUCHI Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorH. UMEZAWA, H. UMEZAWA Inst. Microbial Chem., Kamiosaki, Tokyo 141, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 3, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198709344AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume18, Issue9March 3, 1987 RelatedInformation
Surface analysis insight note: Initial, statistical evaluation of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy images (2023)

With advances in instrumentation and image processing, imaging X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is becoming increasingly important in surface analysis. In this Insight Note, we suggest the following three steps for the initial evaluation of XPS images: (i) Plot all the data. Possible plots here include an overlay plot, a plot of the average and standard deviation of the spectra, a waterfall plot, and a contour plot. (ii) Examine slices through the data cube at different binding energies, identifying those that show significant contrast. (iii) Examine the spectra, including their average and standard deviation, in defined regions of slices through the data that show contrast. These steps allow XPS images to be probed without the use of more sophisticated exploratory data analysis (EDA) techniques. Indeed, these steps may set the stage for additional EDA analysis of XPS images. Furthermore, they provide an initial understanding of an XPS image that stays close to the original data. Our three‐step protocol was applied to an XPS image of a region of a silicon wafer with different oxide thicknesses. This image primarily contained two types of pixels/regions: one of silicon with a thin oxide layer and the other of silicon with a thicker oxide layer. We emphasize the importance of contour plots of all the data and examining the average and standard deviation of regions of contrast in slices through the data cube.
An electronic prosthesis mimicking the dynamic vestibular function (2004)

An analog circuit has been designed to mimic the dynamic function of a unilateral semicircular canal of the vestibular system. The circuitry is an integral part of a novel MEMS-based electrostimulatory prosthesis currently investigated by this research group. The device is intended for restoration of permanently damaged balance function. The present experimental results indicate that under the same inertial loading conditions it is feasible to design a prosthesis that matches the signal recorded from the vestibular nerve in squirrel monkey experiments reported in the literature (Jiayin Liu et al., 2003).
Development of document architecture extraction (1994)

Abstract The purpose of this study is the reduction of the burden in the document structurization process. A technique is presented for extracting the document architecture. As the technical document, 12,000 articles are extracted from the proceedings of a national convention. A summary of sample sentences as well as approximately 500 office documents within the organization also are examined as business documents. The rules for extracting the architecture are derived. The technique developed for document architecture extraction can extract such hierarchical structures as chapters and sections, as well as the reference structure to figures and tables from the technical document. The technique can also extract the hierarchical structure such as communications and reports from the business document. The technical and business documents can be discriminated by analyzing the character strings. As a result of evaluation using proceedings and in‐office documents other than those used for deriving the rules, the error rate is 10.0 percent for the technical document and 23.0 percent for the business document. The error in extracting the reference structure is 8 percent. A field test is executed after improving the method so that the equations, figures and tables embedded in the text can be handled. The error rate is 5.4 percent for the technical document and 15.4 percent for the business document. It is verified through examples that the structurization can be achieved in a considerably shorter time than by manual processing. The developed document architecture extraction technique is commercialized as an automatic system by combining the technique with the layout attribute. The developed extraction technique will be utilized effectively in the hypertext conversion of the existing document and other problems, in addition to the layout processing.
Learning Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks for Image Clustering (2021)

We propose a hierarchical graph neural network (GNN) model that learns how to cluster a set of images into an unknown number of identities using a training set of images annotated with labels belonging to a disjoint set of identities. Our hierarchical GNN uses a novel approach to merge connected components predicted at each level of the hierarchy to form a new graph at the next level. Unlike fully unsupervised hierarchical clustering, the choice of grouping and complexity criteria stems naturally from supervision in the training set. The resulting method, Hi-LANDER, achieves an average of 49% improvement in F-score and 7% increase in Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) relative to current GNN-based clustering algorithms. Additionally, state-of-the-art GNN-based methods rely on separate models to predict linkage probabilities and node densities as intermediate steps of the clustering process. In contrast, our unified framework achieves a three-fold decrease in computational cost. Our training and inference code are released <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
Proceedings of the Symposium on SDN Research (2018)

Virtual switches are a crucial component of SDN-based cloud systems, enabling the interconnection of virtual machines in a flexible and "software-defined" manner. This paper raises the alarm on the security implications of virtual switches. In ...
Structural Correlation‐based Outlier Rejection (SCORE) algorithm for arterial spin labeling time series (2016)

CBF maps generated with SCORE or SCORE + provide improved retest reliability in control subjects while simultaneously increasing sensitivity to pathological CBF effects between controls and patients. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016 Level of Evidence: 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1786-1797.
Obstructive sleep apnoea and the risk for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal population-based study in Finland (2018)

OSA is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, T2D and diabetic kidney disease. This effect is more pronounced even in women, who until now have received less attention in diagnosis and treatment of OSA than men.
Intracellular Photophysics of an Osmium Complex bearing an Oligothiophene Extended Ligand (2020)

This contribution describes the excited-state properties of an Osmium-complex when taken up into human cells. The complex 1 [Os(bpy)<sub>2</sub> (IP-4T)](PF<sub>6</sub> )<sub>2</sub> with bpy=2,2'-bipyridine and IP-4T=2-{5'-[3',4'-diethyl-(2,2'-bithien-5-yl)]-3,4-diethyl-2,2'-bithiophene}imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) can be discussed as a candidate for photodynamic therapy in the biological red/NIR window. The complex is taken up by MCF7 cells and localizes rather homogeneously within in the cytoplasm. To detail the sub-ns photophysics of 1, comparative transient absorption measurements were carried out in different solvents to derive a model of the photoinduced processes. Key to rationalize the excited-state relaxation is a long-lived <sup>3</sup> ILCT state associated with the oligothiophene chain. This model was then tested with the complex internalized into MCF7 cells, since the intracellular environment has long been suspected to take big influence on the excited state properties. In our study of 1 in cells, we were able to show that, though the overall model remained the same, the excited-state dynamics are affected strongly by the intracellular environment. Our study represents the first in depth correlation towards ex-vivo and in vivo ultrafast spectroscopy for a possible photodrug.
S0440104 Development of metal porous materials based on topology optimization and selective laser sintering (2015)

Additive manufacturing may be a novel method for fabricating porous materials. These materials can achieve effective performance because of their internal geometries. Metal-additive manufacturing is expected to utilize thermal conduction materials and devices. We have developed a porous metal with effective isotropic thermal conductivity by using metal-selective laser melting additive manufacturing. The internal pore-structure was designed by topology optimization, which is the most effective structural optimization technique to maximize effective thermal conductivity. The designed structure was converted to a three-dimensional STL model, which is a native digital format of additive manufacturing, and assembled as a test piece. Effective thermal conductivity was measured by a steady-state method in which the effective thermal conductivity was calculated from a one-dimensional temperature gradient and the heat flux of the test pieces.
Towards ambient temperature-stable vaccines: The identification of thermally stabilizing liquid formulations for measles virus using an innovative high-throughput infectivity assay (2011)

As a result of thermal instability, some live attenuated viral (LAV) vaccines lose substantial potency from the time of manufacture to the point of administration. Developing regions lacking extensive, reliable refrigeration ("cold-chain") infrastructure are particularly vulnerable to vaccine failure, which in turn increases the burden of disease. Development of a robust, infectivity-based high throughput screening process for identifying thermostable vaccine formulations offers significant promise for vaccine development across a wide variety of LAV products. Here we describe a system that incorporates thermal stability screening into formulation design using heat labile measles virus as a prototype. The screening of >11,000 unique formulations resulted in the identification of liquid formulations with marked improvement over those used in commercial monovalent measles vaccines, with <1.0 log loss of activity after incubation for 8h at 40°C. The approach was shown to be transferable to a second unrelated virus, and therefore offers significant promise towards the optimization of formulation for LAV vaccine products.
Optimal design flow of CMOS doubler-based rectifiers (2016)

This paper proposes an optimal design flow for designing CMOS doubler based rectifiers. The work uses a simulation-based approach, considering important bounds on the size of the components. A way for comparing and predicting the performance of diodes made of various devices has been presented. The flow is specifically shown in the context of Radio-Frequency (RF) energy harvesting application. However the flow can be also extended to other application scenarios. The design flow is explained using diode characteristics and is independent of the device and technology used to make the diode. The flow has been demonstrated by comparing doubler-based rectifiers designed with this flow with two earlier works in 180nm CMOS technology. In one case the power delivered to the load has increased more than 1.8 times, and in the other case the area is 2/3 of the area used in the previous work.
Illicit Upregulation of Serotonin Signaling Pathway in Adrenals of Patients With High Plasma or Intra-Adrenal ACTH Levels (2019)

Our results indicate that prolonged activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway by ACTH induces an aberrant serotonergic stimulatory loop in the adrenal cortex that likely participates in the pathogenesis of corticosteroid hypersecretion.
PSEUDOMARKER 2.0: efficient computation of likelihoods using NOMAD (2014)

After being modified substantially to use modern optimization methods, PSEUDOMARKER version 2.0 is more robust and substantially faster than version 1.0. NOMAD may be useful in other bioinformatics problems where complex likelihood functions are optimized.
CD40, CD45 CTLA-4 levels are elevated in healthy older adults. (2012)

We found increased expression levels of CD40 and CD45 levels in healthy older (age: 59.42 +/- 5.89) versus younger individuals (age: 30.32 +/- 2.29). CTLA-4 expression levels were also higher in older subjects, with no difference in CD28 expression levels between younger/older individuals.
Cooling-Induced Depressurization of a Steam-Filled Chamber (2011)

Depressurization can be realized by condensing saturated vapor of a pure substance inside a confined chamber. The depressurization rate depends directly upon the effectiveness of cooling to the condensing vapor. The objective of this study is to develop modeling approaches for cooling-controlled depressurization, which will assist the optimization of process design and operation. To this end, an experimental system is set up to provide sets of data for model validations. A simple mechanistic model based on assumption of thermodynamic-equilibrium inside the system has been developed to show the limiting depressurization characteristics with instant heat balance. This simplified model has a merit of quick evaluation on comparisons among various parametric effects. Yet the model is inadequate for real-time quantification in depressurization. The gaps between the measurements and model predictions indicate the importance of local non-uniform heat transfer and condensation. To close the gaps, a complicated full-field computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation (CFD) is needed, in which the local condensations (especially surface condensation) must be fully account for. The difficulty in CFD approach is the unavailability of condensation-coupled boundary conditions in most commercial CFD codes. Hence, in this paper, we have also proposed the modeling of condensation-based boundary conditions that will be used for CFD simulations.
Enzymatic Characterization of the Morphogen Recognized by Agaricia humilis (Scleractinian Coral) Larvae (1991)

Larvae of the common Caribbean scleractinian coral, Agaricia humilis, are induced to settle and metamorphose by contact with specific crustose (nongeniculate) coralline red algae. This requirement for an exogenous trigger of settlement and metamorphosis has been shown to control the distribution of recruits of this coral in the natural environment. Results reported here demonstrate that the stringency and specificity of this larval requirement persist for at least 30 days following the planktonic release of the brooded larvae, thus enhancing both the capacity for dispersal of the larvae and the substratum specificity of their metamorphosis and recruitment. The inducer of metamorphosis is shown to be associated with an insoluble macromolecular carbohydrate. This molecule is found with the partially purified cell walls obtained from a morphogenetic crustose red alga, Hydrolithon boergesenii, or its associated microflora. Because two non-inductive crustose red algal species also lack the cell wall-associated inducer, the substratum specificity of metamorphosis is probably the result of larval recognition of this molecule. In procedures that should prove widely applicable to other systems, purified and highly specific enzymes were used to cleave the inductive cell wall-associated polysaccharides and to solubilize the active morphogen. Enzymes were also used as probes with which to identify essential structural features required for the morphogenetic activity. These enzymatic and related biochemical studies show that the morphogen is associated with, and may itself contain, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan that includes multiple N-acetylglucosamine and galactose residues. The larval receptors that recognize this complex carbohydrate cue may thus be related to lectins. The solubilized morphogen induces normal settlement, attachment, and the metamorphosis of A. humilis and A. tenuifolia larvae on clean polystyrene surfaces, and the larvae seem to have no other requirement. This effect is apparently specific for larvae of species induced to settle by the intact alga; larvae of the sympatric coral Tubastraea aurea are not induced by this chemical, or by the intact algal surface. A wide variety of other natural and synthetic sulfated polysaccharides and related polymers have little or no inductive effect on the A. humilis larvae, suggesting that the larval receptors involved in substratum recognition are highly specific. A similar high specificity of lectin- and sulfated polysaccharide-mediated recognition, and the resulting control of differentiation, has been observed in a wide variety of biological systems.
Fast Alternating Direction Optimization Methods (2014)

Alternating direction methods are a common tool for general mathematical programming and optimization. These methods have become particularly important in the field of variational image processing, which frequently requires the minimization of nondifferentiable objectives. This paper considers accelerated (i.e., fast) variants of two common alternating direction methods: the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and the alternating minimization algorithm (AMA). The proposed acceleration is of the form first proposed by Nesterov for gradient descent methods. In the case that the objective function is strongly convex, global convergence bounds are provided for both classical and accelerated variants of the methods. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the superior performance of the fast methods for a wide variety of problems.
Detection of Active Caspase-3 in Mouse Models of Stroke and Alzheimer’s Disease with a Novel Dual Positron Emission Tomography/Fluorescent Tracer [68Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA (2019)

Apoptosis is a feature of stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet there is no accepted method to detect or follow apoptosis in the brain in vivo. We developed a bifunctional tracer [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA containing a cell-penetrating peptide separated from fluorescent Oregon Green and <sup>68</sup>Ga-bound labels by the caspase-3 recognition peptide DEVD. We hypothesized that this design would allow [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA to accumulate in apoptotic cells. In vitro, Ga-TC3-OGDOTA labeled apoptotic neurons following exposure to camptothecin, oxygen-glucose deprivation, and <i>β</i>-amyloid oligomers. In vivo, PET showed accumulation of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA in the brain of mouse models of stroke or AD. Optical clearing revealed colocalization of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA and cleaved caspase-3 in brain cells. In stroke, [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA accumulated in neurons in the penumbra area, whereas in AD mice [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-TC3-OGDOTA was found in single cells in the forebrain and diffusely around amyloid plaques. In summary, this bifunctional tracer is selectively associated with apoptotic cells in vitro and in vivo in brain disease models and represents a novel tool for apoptosis detection that can be used in neurodegenerative diseases.
Is a Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Associated With Prolonged Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer? (2018)

Patients with BR/LA-PDAC who had a pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation had a significantly prolonged survival compared with those who had nCR or a limited response.
Variations in the three‐dimensional location and orientation of the ACL in healthy subjects relative to patients after transtibial ACL reconstruction (2011)

Recent reports have indicated that anatomical placement of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft is an important factor for restoration of joint function following ACL reconstruction. The objective of this study was to address a need for a better understanding of anatomical variations in ACL position and orientation within the joint. Specifically, variations in the ACL anatomy were assessed by testing for side-to-side ACL footprint location symmetry in a healthy population relative to the operative and contralateral knee in a patient population after traditional transtibial single-bundle ACL reconstruction. MRI and three-dimensional modeling techniques were used to determine the in vivo tibiofemoral ACL footprint centers and the resulting ACL orientations in both knees of 30 healthy subjects and 30 subjects after transtibial ACL reconstruction. While there were substantial inter-subject variations in ACL anatomy, the side-to-side RMS differences in the ACL footprint center were 1.20 and 1.34 mm for the femur and tibia, respectively, for the healthy subjects and no clinically meaningful intra-subject differences were measured. However, there were large intra-subject side-to-side differences after transtibial ACL reconstruction, with ACL grafts placed 5.63 and 7.64 mm from the center of the contralateral femoral and tibial ACL footprint centers, respectively. Grafts were placed more medial, anterior, and superior on the femur and more posterior on the tibia; producing grafts that were more vertical in the sagittal and coronal planes. Given the large variation among subjects, these findings advocate the use of the contralateral ACL morphology for retrospectively evaluating patient-specific anatomic graft placement.