gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GENDER SPECIFIC ANATOMY OF THE DISTAL FEMUR (2010)

Introduction: morphological analysis of the general shape of the bones and of their particular variations according to the patient age, gender and pathology is an important step to improve the orthopedic management. We aimed to performed a gender specific analysis of the bi and tridimensional anatomy of the distal femur in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: in vitro data were obtained from CT-scan performed on 92 dry men femurs and 52 dry women femurs. Using a manual contouring method and a segmentation method, tridimensional reconstructions were obtained and according to two different algorithms, the regions of discrepancies between men and women were determined. An automatic calculation of 59 defined measurements was then performed. In vivo data providing from 59 CT-scans of men femur and 73 CT-scan of women femurs were acquired. Standardized bidimensional measurements at the level of the trochlear cut were performed. Results: in vivo, statistically significant differences were observed for the: medio-lateral distance (M-Ld women=7.4±0.4cm vs M-Ld men=8.4±0.5cm; p Discussion: Three types of differences between men and women were observed in this gender specific evaluation of the distal femur anatomy. First, for a same anteroposterior distance, the medio-lateral distance was smaller in women. Second, the global shape of the distal femur was more trapezoidal in women and third the Q angle was more open in women. This gender specific anatomy should be clinically considered when performing total knee arthroplasty in women and gender specific implants may be required.
Singlet Fission of Non‐polycyclic Aromatic Molecules in Organic Photovoltaics (2015)

Singlet fission of thienoquinoid compounds in organic photovoltaics is demonstrated. The escalation of the thienoquinoid length of the compounds realizes a suitable packing structure and energy levels for singlet fission. The magnetic-field dependence of the photocurrent and the external quantum efficiency of the devices reveal singlet fission of the compounds and dissociation of triplet excitons into charges.
RFGo (2020)

Retailers are aiming to enhance customer experience by automating the checkout process. The key impediment here is the effort to manually align the product barcode with the scanner, requiring sequential handling of items without blocking the line-of-sight of the laser beam. While recent systems such as Amazon Go eliminate human involvement using an extensive array of cameras, we propose a privacy-preserving alternative, RFGo, that identifies products using passive RFID tags. Foregoing continuous monitoring of customers throughout the store, RFGo scans the products in a dedicated checkout area that is large enough for customers to simply walk in and stand until the scan is complete (in two seconds). Achieving such low-latency checkout is not possible with traditional RFID readers, which decode tags using one antenna at a time. To overcome this, RFGo includes a custom-built RFID reader that simultaneously decodes a tag's response from multiple carrier-level synchronized antennas enabling a large set of tag observations in a very short time. RFGo then feeds these observations to a neural network that accurately distinguishes the products within the checkout area from those that are outside. We build a prototype of RFGo and evaluate its performance in challenging scenarios. Our experiments show that RFGo is extremely accurate, fast and well-suited for practical deployment in apparel stores.
Comparison of Fas- versus perforin-mediated pathways of cytotoxicity in TCR- and Thy-1-activated murine T cells (2000)

T cell-mediated cytotoxicity can be triggered by cross-linking of TCR or Thy-1 surface proteins. While the TCR-triggered signaling initiates both perforin- and Fas ligand (FasL)-Fas-mediated mechanisms of cytotoxicity, it was not clear which mechanism was utilized by Thy-1-triggered signals and which pathway of cytotoxicity was triggered at low levels of antigen expression. It is shown that glycophosphatidylinositol-linked surface glycoprotein Thy-1 preferentially activates FasL-Fas- but not perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. This is explained by the lesser intensity of Thy-1-mediated signaling in T cells. The data suggest that Thy-1-triggered Fas-mediated cytotoxicity is completely dependent on cross-talk between Thy-1 and TCR signals since mutations in TCR-CD3 complex molecules or inhibition of tyrosine kinases or calcineurin abolished or strongly inhibited Thy-1-triggered FasL-Fas-mediated cytotoxicity. Lower concentrations of antigenic peptide or levels of cross-linking with anti-TCR-CD3 mAb are required to trigger Fas-mediated than perforin-mediated cytotoxicity by different cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines and clones, and it is shown that cross-linking of Thy-1 is much less efficient in triggering accumulation of second messengers (intracellular Ca(2+)) than cross-linking of TCR on CTL. Taken together, these data reflect the possibility of differential activation of FasL and/or perforin pathways of cytotoxicity depending on the nature of activating stimuli and surface receptor.
DESIGN OF A 250 MeV, X-BAND PHOTOINJECTOR LINAC FOR A PRECISION COMPTON-SCATTERING BASED GAMMA-RAY SOURCE (2009)

We present a compact, X-band, high-brightness accelerator design suitable for driving a precision gamma-ray source. Future applications of gamma-rays generated by Compton-scattering of laser and relativistic electron beams place stringent demands on the brightness and stability of the incident electron beam. This design identifies the beam parameters required for gamma-ray production, including position, and pointing stability. The design uses an emittance compensated, 11.4 GHz photo-gun and linac to generate 400 pC, 1-2 mm-mrad electron bunches at up to 250 MeV and 120 Hz repetition rate. The effects of jitter in the RF power system are analyzed as well as structure and optic misalignments. Finally, strategies for the mitigation of on-axis Bremsstrahlung noise are discussed.
A hybrid mono/stereo acoustic echo canceler (1998)

In many applications, such as teleconferencing, multimedia workstations, televideo gaming, etc., stereo sound is already, or will soon be, implemented to give spatial realism that mono systems cannot offer. In such hands-free systems, stereophonic acoustic echo cancelers are absolutely necessary for full-duplex communication. We propose a new acoustic echo canceler (AEC) based on a fundamental experimental observation that the stereo effect is due mostly to sound energy below about 1000 Hz. The principle of the hybrid mono/stereo AEC is to use stereophonic sound with a stereo AEC at low frequencies (e.g., below 1000 Hz) and monophonic sound with a conventional mono AEC at higher frequencies (e.g., above 1000 Hz). This solution is a good compromise between the complexity of a full-band stereo AEC and spatial realism. For the stereo case, we borrow from a previous innovation and add a small nonlinearity into each channel in order to accurately identify the two receiving room impulse responses.
Serial plasma and CSF cell-free tumor DNA (cf-tDNA) tracking in diffuse midline glioma patients undergoing treatment with ONC201. (2021)

2012 Background: Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) with the H3K27M mutation is a lethal childhood brain cancer, with patients rarely surviving 2 years from diagnosis. There are few available means of monitoring the disease beyond serial MRI scans, making clinical decision making slow, difficult, and often reactive. Methods: We conducted a multi-site phase 1 trial of the imipridone ONC201 for children with H3K27M-mutant glioma (NCT03416530). Patients enrolled on Arm D of the trial (n=24) underwent serial lumbar puncture (baseline, 2 and 6 months) for cell-free tumor DNA (cf-tDNA) analysis at time of MRI. Additionally, patients on all arms of the trial at the University of Michigan underwent serial plasma collection. CSF collection was feasible in this cohort, with no procedural complications. We collected a total of 96 plasma samples and 53 CSF samples from 29 patients, including those with H3F3A (H3.3) (n=13), HIST13HB (H3.1) (n= 4), and unknown H3 status/not biopsied (n=12) [range of 0-8 CSF samples and 0-10 plasma samples]. We performed digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) analysis and/or amplicon-based electronic sequencing (Oxford Nanopore) of cf-tDNA samples and compared variant allele fraction (VAF) to radiographic change (maximal 2D tumor area on MRI). Results: Preliminary analysis of samples (n=58) demonstrates a correlation between changes in tumor size and H3K27M cf-tDNA VAF, when removing samples with concurrent bevacizumab. Analysis of remaining CSF and plasma samples is ongoing, including analysis of novel biomarkers of response. In multiple cases, early reduction in CSF cf-tDNA predicts long-term clinical response (&gt;1 year) to ONC201 and does not increase in cases of later-defined pseudo-progression (radiation necrosis). For example, a now 9-year old patient with thalamic H3K27M-mutant DMG underwent treatment with ONC201 after initial radiation and developed an increase in tumor size at 4 months post-radiation (124% baseline) of unclear etiology at the time. Meanwhile, her ddPCR declined from baseline 6.76% VAF to &lt;1%, which has persisted, with now near complete response (85% tumor reduction) at 30 months on treatment from diagnosis. Conclusions: In summary, we present the feasibility and utility of serial CSF/plasma monitoring of a promising experimental therapy for DMG.
Focused femtosecond vortex laser pulse (2010)

Double-charge femtosecond vortices were synthesized with the polarization-singularity beam converter [1]. The vortex was focused using moderate and high numerical aperture optics (NA = 0.45 and 0.9) to ablate fused silica and soda-lime glasses. The results demonstrate that the ablation can be controlled on a sub-micrometer scale with a high degree of repeatability.
2-Deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,4-di-C-methyl-β-L-arabinose (2009)

X-ray crystallography unequivocally confirmed the stereochemistry of the C atom at position 2 in the carbon scaffold of the title mol-ecule, C(10)H(18)O(4). The pyran-ose ring exists in a chair conformation with the methyl group on the C atom in the 2 position in an equatorial configuration. The absolute stereochemistry was determined from the starting material. The crystal structure consists of O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded chains of mol-ecules running parallel to the b axis.
Applications of synchrotron radiation scattering to studies of plasma facing components at Siberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Centre (2016)

The paper presents an overview of plasma-material interaction studies at the Siberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Centre. The measurements of recrystallization and surface texturing are demonstrated. The growth of grain size after the exposure by electron beam was detected using two-dimensional diffractometry. The orientation of crystal structure was detected in the tungsten irradiated by deuterium plasma. The residual stresses in irradiated tungsten were measured. The predicted structure of deformations after pulsed heat load is confirmed. First in-situ experiments confirmed the presence of crystal plane rotation effect during a pulsed heat load.
Prevention of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular and myocardial remodeling by the selective neutrophil elastase inhibitor BAY 85-8501 (2014)

Excess of neutrophil elastase activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Neutrophil elastase acts as a mediator of tissue remodeling by degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) structures, the release of growth factors, and increased deposition of ECM proteins such as tenascin-C, which amplify the proliferative response to growth factors. We therefore investigated the novel selective neutrophil elastase inhibitor BAY 85-8501 in a rat model of PAH. Four weeks after a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT), rats displayed severely elevated right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure and marked RV hypertrophy and dysfunction with a concomitant increase in RV remodeling (e.g tenascin-C, Osteopontin) markers. Furthermore there was an increase in lung Osteopontin, TIMP-1 and IL-8 expression. Treatment with BAY 85-8501 from day 14-28 significantly reduced RV pressure and RV hypertrophy with an improvement of RV dysfunction. Furthermore, BAY 85-8501 significantly reduced lung as well as RV remodeling markers. RVPsys, mmHg RV/(LV+S) RVEDP, mmHg Control 28.2 ± 0.7* 0.27 ± 0.01* 2.7 ± 0.2* MCT + Vehicle 85.9 ± 8.5 0.56 ± 0.03 8.1 ± 2.0 MCT + BAY 85-8501 51.2 ± 4.3* 0.42 ± 0.03* 3.0 ± 0.4* Mean ± SEM. N=10-12/group.*, p&lt;0.05 vs. vehicle, RVPsys=RV systolic pressure, RVEDP=RV enddiastolic pressure Conclusion: MCT-induced PAH is linked to upregulation of enhancers of matrix production and endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Selective inhibition of neutrophil elastase by BAY 85-8501 significantly improves these biomarkers, indicating substantial anti-remodeling and anti-inflammatory effects.
Experiments on two-step heating of a dense plasma in the GOL-3 facility (1998)

This paper presents the results of experiments on two-stage heating of a dense plasma by a relativistic electron beam in the GOL-3 facility. A dense plasma with a length of about a meter and a hydrogen density up to 1017 cm−3 was created in the main plasma, whose density was 1015 cm−3. In the process of interacting with the plasma, the electron beam (1 MeV, 40 kA, 4 μs) imparts its energy to the electrons of the main plasma through collective effects. The heated electrons, as they disperse along the magnetic field lines, in turn reach the region of dense plasma and impart their energy to it by pairwise collisions. Estimates based on experimental data are given for the parameters of the flux of hot plasma electrons, the energy released in the dense plasma, and the energy balance of the beam-plasma system. The paper discusses the dynamics of the plasma, which is inhomogeneous in density and temperature, including the appearance of pressure waves.
Evaluation of the 11CO2 Positron Emission Tomographic Method for Measuring Brain pH. II. Quantitative pH Mapping in Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases (1989)

A practical method has been developed that, using 11CO2 and positron emission tomography (PET), computes and maps (a) "effective pH" (pHt), a weighted average of intra- and extracellular pH, and (b) "clearance" (K1), product of blood flow and 11CO2 extraction. This method, together with measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), was applied to 12 patients with cerebral ischemia or stroke. The regional K1 was positively correlated with CBF (n = +0.78). The k1/CBF ratio, representing the extraction fraction ratio of 11CO2 to H2 15O, was negatively correlated with CBF (r = -0.54), suggesting that 11CO2 extraction decreases as flow increases. In five acute stroke patients within 2 days of onset, the injured cortex had lower CBF (20.6 ml/min/100 g), higher OEF (78.1%), and lower pHt (6.96) than the contralateral cortex (CBF = 41.4 ml/min/100 g, OEF = 53.3%, pHt = 7.00), suggesting intracellular acidosis with intact cell membranes. In three stroke patients 5-8 days after onset, the injured cortex had higher CBF (60.9 ml/min/100 g), lower OEF (32.0%), and higher pHt (7.12) than the contralateral cortex (CBF = 45.3 ml/min/100 g, OEF = 58.0%, pHt = 7.06), which suggested an increase in extracellular volume compartment reflecting loss of cell membrane integrity. This method provides information on the regional tissue acid-base status and cell membrane integrity, which may be prognostic of tissue viability.
Cutting Edge: Expression of IRF8 in Gastric Epithelial Cells Confers Protective Innate Immunity against Helicobacter pylori Infection (2016)

IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is expressed in many types of blood cells and plays critical roles in cellular differentiation and function. However, the role of IRF8 in nonhematopoietic systems remains poorly understood. In this study, we provide evidence that IRF8 is a transcriptional modulator of the gastric mucosa necessary for limiting Helicobacter pylori colonization. H. pylori infection significantly upregulated expression of IRF8, which, in turn, promoted IFN-γ expression by gastric epithelial cells. Mice deficient in IRF8 exhibited increased H. pylori colonization and aborted induction of mucosal IFN-γ. Genome-wide analyses of IFN-γ-treated gastric epithelial cells by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing led to the identification of IRF8 target genes, with many belonging to the IFN-regulated gene family that was observed previously in immune cells. Our results identify the IRF8-IFN-γ circuit as a novel gastric innate immune mechanism in the host defense against infection with H. pylori.
Effects of Dielectrophoresis on Growth, Viability and Immuno-reactivity of Listeria monocytogenes (2008)

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been regarded as a useful tool for manipulating biological cells prior to the detection of cells. Since DEP uses high AC electrical fields, it is important to examine whether these electrical fields in any way damage cells or affect their characteristics in subsequent analytical procedures. In this study, we investigated the effects of DEP manipulation on the characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes cells, including the immuno-reactivity to several Listeria-specific antibodies, the cell growth profile in liquid medium, and the cell viability on selective agar plates. It was found that a 1-h DEP treatment increased the cell immuno-reactivity to the commercial Listeria species-specific polyclonal antibodies (from KPL) by ~31.8% and to the C11E9 monoclonal antibodies by ~82.9%, whereas no significant changes were observed with either anti-InlB or anti-ActA antibodies. A 1-h DEP treatment did not cause any change in the growth profile of Listeria in the low conductive growth medium (LCGM); however, prolonged treatments (4 h or greater) caused significant delays in cell growth. The results of plating methods showed that a 4-h DEP treatment (5 MHz, 20 Vpp) reduced the viable cell numbers by 56.8-89.7 %. These results indicated that DEP manipulation may or may not affect the final detection signal in immuno-based detection depending on the type of antigen-antibody reaction involved. However, prolonged DEP treatment for manipulating bacterial cells could produce negative effects on the cell detection by growth-based methods. Careful selection of DEP operation conditions could avoid or minimize negative effects on subsequent cell detection performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Hetero(3,3) and (3,5) Rearrangements of Hydroxylamine Derivatives Accompanied with N‐O Bond Cleavage. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A non-linear multiple-model state estimation scheme for pipeline leak detection and isolation (2002)

Model-based monitoring schemes are known to have a great potential in detection and localization of leaks in pipelines. Fluid flow in pipelines is characterized by a system of non-linear-coupled partial differential equations. Since state estimation can provide the basis for real-time monitoring of fluid flow in pipelines, a suitable numerical scheme is employed to formulate the problem in state-space form, which enables the development of state estimation techniques. A modified extended Kalman filter (MEKF) in conjunction with feed forward computations to anticipate the leak magnitude provides the core of the adaptive multimodel state estimation technique used in this paper. Numerical simulation results show that the developed state estimation scheme effectively detects and locates small leaks in pipelines within a short time duration.
Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2004)

Venous thromboembolism is a serious complication of IBD that may lead to death. Thrombophilia evaluations have a relatively high diagnostic yield overall, although specific genetic abnormalities are individually uncommon. Other DVT/PE risk factors are usually present. Proctocolectomy is not protective of recurrent DVT/PE.
Intrazeolite phototopotaxy: EXAFS analysis of precursor 8{W(CO)6}-Na56Y and photooxidation products 16(WO3)-Na56Y and 28(WO3)-Na56Y (1991)

The intrazeolite photooxidation chemistry of alpha-cage encapsulated hexacarbonyltungsten(0) in Na56Y with O2, denoted n{W(CO)6}-Na56Y/O2/hv, which has previously been shown to provide a novel synthetic pathway to alpha-cage located tungsten(VI) oxide, denoted n(WO3)-Na56Y, is now the subject of an extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis. The EXAFS data of a precursor 8{W(CO)6}Na56Y, which contains on average one W(CO)6 per alpha-cage shows that the W(CO)6 guest maintains its structural integrity with only minor observable perturbations of the skeletal WC and ligand CO bonds compared to those found for the same molecule in the free state. The EXAFS analysis results for the photoxidation products 16(WO3)-Na56Y and 28(WO3)-Na56Y are very similar and display the presence of two terminal tungsten-oxygen bonds (1.75-1.77 angstrom) and two bridging tungsten-oxide bonds (1.94-1.95 angstrom), together with a short distance to a second tungsten (3.24-3.30 angstrom). This bond length and coordination number information for n = 16 and 28 samples is best interpreted in terms of the formation of a single kind of tungsten trioxide dimer unit (WO3)2, most likely interacting with extraframework Na+ cations, denoted ZONa...O2W(mu-O)2WO2...NaOZ. In conjunction with earlier chemical and spectroscopic information on this system, the EXAFS data support the contention that 16(WO3)-Na56Y contains a uniform array of single size and shape tungsten (VI) oxide dimers (WO3)2 housed in the 13-angstrom supercages of the zeolite Y host. The sequential addition of WO3 units to the 16(WO3)-Na56Y sample appears to increase the (WO3)2 dimer population, causing a buildup of alpha-cage encapsulated dimers-of-dimers {(WO3)2}2 rather than further cluster growth to trimers (WO3)2 and/or tetramers (WO3)4.
Housekeeping while brain's storming Validation of normalizing factors for gene expression studies in a murine model of traumatic brain injury (2008)

This work suggests that Oligreen cDNA measurements, 18S rRNA and GAPDH or a combination of them may be used to efficiently normalize qRT-PCR gene expression in mouse brain trauma injury, and that beta-actin and beta-microtubulin should be avoided. The potential of total cDNA as measured by Oligreen as a first-intention normalizing factor with a broad field of applications is highlighted. Pros and cons of the three methods of normalization factors selection are discussed. A generic time- and cost-effective procedure for normalization factor validation is proposed.
Supplementary Data from Adjuvant Imatinib in Patients with GIST Harboring Exon 9 KIT Mutations: Results from a Multi-institutional European Retrospective Study (2023)

Supplementary Data from Adjuvant Imatinib in Patients with GIST Harboring Exon 9 KIT Mutations: Results from a Multi-institutional European Retrospective Study
Natural Carbon Isotope Abundance of Plasma Metabolites and Liver Tissue Differs between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats (2013)

This work provides evidence that measurement of natural abundance isotope ratio of both bulk tissue and individual metabolites can provide meaningful information about metabolic changes either associated to phenotype or to genetic effects; irrespective of concentration. In the future measuring the natural abundance δ(13)C of key metabolites could be used as endpoints for studying in vivo metabolism, especially with regards to metabolic dysregulation, and development and progression of metabolic diseases.