gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate-monotonic scheduling in the presence of timing unpredictability (2002)

Scheduling periodic hard real time tasks is of great importance to many real time applications, such as open architecture machine tool controllers and avionic systems. The rate monotonic scheduling algorithm has been proven to provide an optimal static priority assignment under idealized conditions. However some of these conditions are not met in a real computer system. In particular the release times of tasks can deviate from the specified time instants because of operating system software timer unpredictability. We investigate the timer behaviors in three commercial real time operating systems, VxWorks, QNX and pSOSystem. Based on our findings, we propose an empirical task schedulability model, called RMTU (Rate Monotonic in the presence of Timing Unpredictability), to augment the rate monotonic scheduling theory in order to handle timing unpredictability. We then design an approach to systematically derive the model parameters by measurements. With RMTU, task deadlines can be empirically guaranteed. The validity of RMTU is supported by our measurement data. These results are useful not only to control application developers, but also to real time practitioners at large.
Conception et Réalisation en Technologies BAW et IPD d'un Duplexeur W-CDMA (2009)

National audience
P‐025: MRI atrophy in mci is specific, not sensitive, for progression to Alzheimer disease (2007)

To develop simple and useful predictors of progression to dementia for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) encountered in a North American Memory Clinic using bedside testing and MRI volumetrics. Over half of MCI individuals will progress to dementia within 3 to 5 years, and if there is amnestic MCI this is usually AD. We have found that simple clinical stratification of risk is possible in many cases. Atrophy on MRI is another known risk for progression. Forty elderly subjects referred to a teaching hospital Memory Clinic and meeting criteria for Amnestic MCI (with or without added cognitive deficits), were followed longitudinally up to 10 years since symptom onset. A large battery of neuropsychological tests, cognitive reaction time markers, along with MRI volumetric measurements of hippocampal volume and ventricular atrophy were carried out. At end of a mean seven year follow-up period (10 years since symptom onset) 26 subjects had deteriorated to dementia, and 14 had not. It was found that a clinical algorithm with four cut-off scores (for Age, MMSE, orientation, and clock drawing) would have accurately stratified risk of progression for 22/40 into subgroups showing a very low risk or a very high risk of progression. The other 18 subjects were termed borderline or uncertain in terms of risk. Complementary use of cut-off scores from MRI imaging (an atrophy ratio measure) would have added another 4/40 subjects to the very high or very low risk subgroups. All of those 15 subjects showing atrophy beyond normal range progressed to dementia, while 12 of the 23 lacking atrophy also progressed. Conclusions. MRI added prognostic precision above simple clinical stratification in 4/40 cases. The presence of MRI atrophy in MCI is a specific, but not a sensitive marker for risk of progression.
Fraction and Number of Unemployed Associated with Self-Reported Low Back Pain: A Nation-Wide Cross-Sectional Study in Japan (2021)

This study examined a cross-sectional association between self-reported low back pain (LBP) and unemployment among working-age people, and estimated the impact of self-reported LBP on unemployment. We used anonymized data from a nationally representative survey (24,854 men and 26,549 women aged 20-64 years). The generalized estimating equations of the multivariable Poisson regression models stratified by gender were used to estimate the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for unemployment. The population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated using Levin's method, with the substitution method for 95% CI estimation. The prevalence of self-reported LBP was 9.0% in men and 11.1% in women. The prevalence of unemployment was 9.3% in men and 31.7% in women. After adjusting for age, socio-economic status, lifestyle habits, and comorbidities, the PR (95% CI) for the unemployment of the LBP group was 1.32 (1.19-1.47) in men and 1.01 (0.96-1.07) in women, compared with the respective non-LBP group. The PAF (95% CI) of unemployment associated with self-reported LBP was 2.8% (1.6%, 4.2%) in men. Because the total population of Japanese men aged 20-64 in 2013 was 36,851 thousand, it was estimated that unemployment in 1037 thousand of the Japanese male working population was LBP-related.
Unexpected Internalization of a Pulmonary Artery Band in a Porcine Model of Tetralogy of Fallot (2016)

Band internalization may occur after PA banding using a nonabsorbable, coated braided polyester tape in a chronic porcine model of repaired TOF. This unusual complication was likely due to the type of material used for banding.
Thermal Stability of a Vertical Fluid Layer With Volumetric Energy Source (1985)

The effects of nonuniform volumetric energy sources on the thermal stability of natural convection in a vertical fluid layer are investigated using the linear theory of stability. The neutral states of stability are obtained for four values of Prandtl number, ranging from 0.71 to 100, and for different values of β in the range 0.1 ≤ β ≤ 10. The critical parameters and the energetics of the critical disturbances are determined for each case. For all values of Prandtl number and β studied here, the critical instabilities set in as traveling waves, moving in the direction of gravity. In the low range of Prandtl number, 0.71 to 5, the critical curves approach the same asymptotic value for β ≥ 10. The critical disturbances are found to be buoyancy driven for all Prandtl numbers and β considered here, except for the low range of Prandtl number, for which they become shear driven disturbances as β increases.
Mechanical properties of block copolymer vesicle and micelle modified epoxies (2003)

Abstract Block copolymers with and without reactive functionalities can improve fracture resistance in brittle epoxies even when added in relatively small amounts (&lt;5 wt %). At certain compositions, amphiphilic block copolymers spontaneously self‐assemble into vesicles, spherical micelles, or wormlike micelles in thermoset resins, and these morphologies are retained with the full curing of the resins. The addition of such block copolymers leaves the glass‐transition temperature of these blends relatively unchanged, whereas the fracture resistance increases up to a factor of 3.5 for the vesicle‐modified blends. For epoxies modified with block copolymers self‐assembled into a spherical geometry (vesicles or spherical micelles), the fracture resistance scales with the ratio of the interparticle distance to the average vesicle (or spherical micelle) diameter ( D i / D p ) and increases as this quantity is reduced. Greater adhesion between the vesicle and epoxy resin improves the fracture resistance only at higher values of D i / D p , at which the materials are more brittle. Debonding and subsequent matrix plastic deformation are identified as the toughening mechanisms in these blends. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2444–2456, 2003
American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (2018)

For patients at low (unlikely) VTE risk, using D-dimer as the initial test reduces the need for diagnostic imaging. For patients at high (likely) VTE risk, imaging is warranted. For PE diagnosis, ventilation-perfusion scanning and computed tomography pulmonary angiography are the most validated tests, whereas lower or upper extremity DVT diagnosis uses ultrasonography. Research is needed on new diagnostic modalities and to validate clinical decision rules for patients with suspected recurrent VTE.
Modeling of Electrodynamic Zero-Net Mass-Flux Actuators (2012)

electrodynamic zero-net mass-flux (ZNMF) actuator for flow control applications. The electrodynamic actuation schemeemploysamagneticassemblytoestablisharadialmagnetic fieldpatternwithanimbeddedcurrent-carrying coil winding. The coil is attached to a composite diaphragm having a rigid center boss and compliant outer annular region. The magnetic field acting on the coil assembly is modeled using a one-dimensional magnetic circuit. The composite diaphragm is modeled as a transversely isotropic, annular clamped plate. An overall lumped-element electromechanical system model is obtained by combining previously developed lumped models of the cavity/neck structures with lumped models for the composite diaphragm and electrodynamic actuation. The complete lumpedelement model is used to provide insight regarding performance characteristics and design limitations. The model is validated over a frequency range of 10–1000 Hz with hotwire anemometry measurements for both slot and orifice configurations for the jet. The model is useful as a design tool for electrodynamic ZNMF actuators. Nomenclature Amagnet = cross-sectional area of the permanent magnet, m 2 a = outer radius of the diaphragm, m aorif = axisymmetric orifice radius, m Bavg = average magnetic flux density acting on the coil placed in the magnetic assembly, T Bgap = magnetic flux density in the magnet gap predicted by magnetic circuit, T Br = remnant magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet, T b = inner radius of the compliant part of the diaphragm or the radius of the center boss, m CaC = acoustic compliance of the cavity, m 5 =N CaD = acoustic compliance of the diaphragm, m 5 =N CmD = mechanical compliance of the diaphragm, m=N c0 = speed of sound in air, m=s dC = diameter of the cavity, m dslot = diameter of the rectangular slot, m dT = overall diameter of the ZNMF actuator, m Ememb = Young’s modulus of the material of the compliant region of the diaphragm, Pa fN = undamped natural frequency of the diaphragm, Hz fr = steady-state resonant frequency of the diaphragm, Hz f1 = lower 3 dB cutoff frequency, Hz
Preliminary Results On Using Static Analysis Tools For Software Inspection (2005)

Software inspection has been shown to be an effective defect removal practice, leading to higher quality software with lower field failures. Automated software inspection tools are emerging for identifying a subset of defects in a less labor-intensive manner than manual inspection. This paper investigates the use of automated inspection for a large-scale industrial software system at Nortel Networks. We propose and utilize a defect classification scheme for enumerating the types of defects that can be identified by automated inspections. Additionally, we demonstrate that automated code inspection faults can be used as efficient predictors of field failures and are effective for identifying fault-prone modules.
16.2: A Parallel Digital‐Data‐Driver Architecture for Low‐Power Poly‐Si TFT‐LCDs (2002)

Abstract A parallel digital‐data‐driver architecture has been developed to reduce power consumption in low‐temperature poly‐Si TFT‐LCDs. It features low‐power 3V‐interface level shifters and 198 serial/parallel converters driven in parallel at a clock frequency of 62.5 kHz. Total power consumption in a 2.4‐in., 41K(176 × 234)‐pixel TFT‐LCD with integrated 6b DACs is 12 mW at a 30‐Hz frame frequency.
Synthesis of Some Conformationally Restricted Analogs of Serotonin (1990)

3-(2-Aminocycloalkyl)-5-methoxyindoles (3) have been synthesized via a three step procedure starting with 5-methoxyindole.These molecules represent conformationally restricted analogs of serotonin.The synthesis of conformationally restricted analogs of biologically relevant molecules represents an important approach towards understanding the molecular recognition requirements of the receptor or enzyme which binds those molecules.This is especially applicable when the ligand under study binds to a number of similar receptors.By synthesizing direct analogs of the ligand in smcturally rigid frameworks, and studying these compounds in vitro, subtle differences in the requirements for ligand binding between the different receptors can be understood.This avenue of research may eventually lead to important new pharmaceuticals with unparalleled selectivity and, consequently, fewer side-effects.Additionally, selective ligands for specific receptordenzymes have been modified to incorporate either a radio or photoaffinity label, and these compounds become important tools in the localization and isolation of receptorslenzymes.'The serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] family of central nervous system (CNS) receptors has been divided into three groups of receptors designated as 5-HT1, 5-HT2, and 5-HT3 receptors.'The 5-HT1 group of serotonin receptors has been further subdivided into four receptor subtypes: ~-H T I A , 5 -H T I ~, 5-H T l c , and S-HTID.Only two of these receptors have truly specific agonists: 8-OH-DPAT [(8-hyhxy-2-(N,~-di-n-prop~lamino)teudin for the 5 -H T ~A receptor and CP-93129 [3-(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-4yl)pyrrolo[3,2-blpyrid-5-one]4 for the 5-HTle receptor.Since serotonin appears to play a role in depression, anxiety, feeding behavior, sleep, and
Effect of Alternative Aluminum Adjuvants on the Absorption and Immunogenicity of HPV16 L1 VLPs in Mice (2007)

Aluminum adjuvants are commonly used in prophylactic vaccines to enhance antigen immunogenicity through induction of high-titer antibody responses. Three major forms of aluminum adjuvants with substantially different physical and chemical properties have been described: aluminum phosphate (AlPO(4)), aluminum hydroxide (AlOH) and amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate (AAHS). Here we describe the effect of these different aluminum adjuvants on the formulation and subsequent immunogenicity in mice of virus-like particles (VLPs) consisting of the L1 protein of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 16. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the physical appearance of the phosphate-containing aluminum adjuvants was markedly different from that of aluminum hydroxide. All three aluminum adjuvants were found to display unique surface charge profiles over a range of pH, while AAHS demonstrated the greatest inherent capacity for adsorption of L1 VLPs. These differences were associated with differences in immunogenicity: anti-HPV L1 VLP responses from mice immunized with AAHS-formulated HPV16 vaccine were substantially greater than those produced by mice immunized with the same antigen formulated with aluminum hydroxide. In addition, HPV L1 VLPs formulated on AAHS also induced a substantial interferon-gamma secreting T cell response to L1 peptides indicating the potential for an enhanced memory response to this antigen. These results indicate that the chemical composition of aluminum adjuvants can have a profound influence on the magnitude and quality of the immune response to HPV VLP vaccines.
[Spirometry parameters of women in various positions of delivery]. (2000)

Whole of analysed spirometral parameters had higher values in group I (8.2%-17.1%), but the increase wasn't statistically significant (p < 0.05).
47.4: Distinguished Paper : Realization of Outstandingly High Efficacy White OLED by Controlling Evanescent Mode and Wide Angular Incident Light (2014)

Abstract Optimization of angular light distribution in organic layer and light extraction structure based on high refractive index substrate were investigated. Due to advanced optical design for decreasing waveguide and evanescent modes, white OLED device with outstandingly high efficacy of 133 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m 2 was realized.
Evaluation of the Initial Stages of Gas-Phase Ethylene Polymerizations with a SiO2-Supported Ziegler−Natta Catalyst (2009)

International audience
Leprosy in the tropics and Australia (1993)

Leprosy is no longer the feared disease of the past, but it still causes significant morbidity in countries where it is endemic, and it is estimated that up to 2500 million people are at risk of contracting the disease. Control with dapsone monotherapy over the past 20-30 years has been effective in some countries but secondary and, more recently, primary drug resistance is now widespread. This situation prompted the development of multidrug therapy regimens which are proving highly effective. Here the natural history and clinical features are described, as well as the history and impact of leprosy in Australia. Early diagnosis and the current multidrug regimens offer hope for long-term control of the disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Sila Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction of Cyclopropenes. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multilevel modeling and value of information in clinical trial decision support (2014)

Background Clinical trials are the main method for evaluating safety and efficacy of medical interventions and have produced many advances in improving human health. The Women's Health Initiative overturned a half-century of harmful practice in hormone therapy, the National Lung Screening Trial identified the first successful lung cancer screening tool and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial overturned decades-long assumptions. While some trials identify unforeseen safety issues or harms, many fail to demonstrate efficacy. Large trials require substantial resources; to ensure reliable outcomes, we must seek ways to improve the predictive information used as the basis of trials. Results Here we demonstrate a modeling framework for linking knowledge of underlying biological mechanism to evaluate the expectation of trial outcomes. Key features include the ability to propagate uncertainty in biological mechanism to uncertainty in trial outcome and mechanisms for identifying knowledge gaps most responsible for unexpected outcomes. The framework was used to model the effect of selenium supplementation for prostate cancer prevention and parallels the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial that showed no efficacy despite suggestive data from secondary endpoints in the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer trial and found increased incidence of high-grade prostate cancer in certain subgroups. Conclusion Using machine learning methods, we identified the parameters of the model that are most predictive of trial outcome and found that the top four are directly related to the rates of reactions producing methylselenol and transporting extracellular selenium into the cell as selenide. This modeling process demonstrates how the approach can be used in advance of a large clinical trial to identify the best targets for conducting further research to reduce the uncertainty in the trial outcome.
Reliable broadcast in hypercube multicomputers (1988)

A simple algorithm for broadcasting in a hypercube multicomputer containing faulty nodes/links is proposed. The algorithm delivers multiple copies of the broadcast message through disjoint paths to all the modes in the system. Its salient feature is that the delivery of the multiple copies is transparent to the processes receiving the message and does not require the processes to know the identity of the faulty processors. The processes on nonfaulty nodes that receive the message identify the original message from the multiple copies using some scheme appropriate for the fault model used. The algorithm completes in n+1 steps if each node can simultaneously use all of its outgoing links. If each node cannot use more than one outgoing link at a time, then the algorithm requires 2n steps.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figures 1 - 6 from VEGF/VEGFR-2 Upregulates EZH2 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells and EZH2 Depletion Enhances the Response to Platinum-Based and VEGFR-2–Targeted Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 453KB, Figure 1. EZH2, VEGFR-2 and miR-101 expression in in additional cell lines. Figure 2. Effect of VEGF stimulation in the E2F expression. Figure 3. Effect of Hypoxia in the expression of EZH2,HIF-1alpha and miR-101. Figure 4. Effect of miR-101 overexpression in the expression of EZH2. Figure 5. Effect of treatment with DZNep on lung adenocarcinoma cell viability. Figure 6. Effect of VEGFR-2 overexpression in sensitivity to cisplatin.&lt;/p&gt;
Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females with PCDH19 mutations can present de novo or in single generation families (2009)

This de novo PCDH19 mutation in a sporadic female highlights that mutational analysis should be considered in isolated instances of girls with infantile onset seizures and developmental delay, in addition to those with the characteristic family history of EFMR.
Structure of Lung-Mimetic Multilamellar Bodies with Lipid Compositions Relevant in Pneumonia (2018)

The hierarchical assembly of lipids, as modulated by composition and environment, plays a significant role in the function of biological membranes and a myriad of diseases. Elevated concentrations of calcium ions and cardiolipin (CL), an anionic tetra-alkyl lipid found in mitochondria and some bacterial cell membranes, have been implicated in pneumonia recently. However, their impact on the physicochemical properties of lipid assemblies in lungs and how it impairs alveoli function is still unknown. We use small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (S/WAXS) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) to probe the structure and dynamics of lung-mimetic multilamellar bodies (MLBs) in the presence of Ca2+ and CL. We conjecture that CL overexpressed in the hypophase of alveoli strongly affects the structure of lung-lipid bilayers and their stacking in the MLBs. Specifically, S/WAXS data revealed that CL induces significant shrinkage of the water-layer separating the concentric bilayers in multilamellar aggregates. ssNMR measurements indicate that this interbilayer tightening is due to undulation repulsion damping as CL renders the glycerol backbone of the membranes significantly more static. In addition to MLB dehydration, CL promotes intrabilayer phase separation into saturated-rich and unsaturated-rich lipid domains that couple across multiple layers. Expectedly, addition of Ca2+ screens the electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged lung membranes. However, when CL is present, addition of Ca2+ results in an apparent interbilayer expansion likely due to local structural defects. Combining S/WAXS and ssNMR on systems with compositions pertinent to healthy and unhealthy lung membranes, we propose how alteration of the physiochemical properties of MLBs can critically impact the breathing cycle.
Epigenetic Regulation of Chondrocytes and Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis (2022)

The aim of this review is to provide an updated review of the epigenetic factors involved in the onset and development of osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation, ectopic bone formation within the joint, and physical and proteolytic cartilage degradation which result in chronic pain and loss of mobility. At present, no disease-modifying therapeutics exist for the prevention or treatment of the disease. Research has identified several OA risk factors including mechanical stressors, physical activity, obesity, traumatic joint injury, genetic predisposition, and age. Recently, there has been increased interest in identifying epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of OA. In this review, we detail several of these epigenetic modifications with known functions in the onset and progression of the disease. We also review current therapeutics targeting aberrant epigenetic regulation as potential options for preventive or therapeutic treatment.