gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directions robot: in-the-wild experiences and lessons learned (2014)

We introduce Directions Robot, a system we have fielded for studying open-world human-robot interaction. The system brings together models for situated spoken language interaction with directions-generation and a gesturing humanoid robot. We describe the perceptual, interaction, and output generation competencies of this system. We then discuss experiences and lessons drawn from data collected in an initial in-the-wild deployment, and highlight several challenges with managing engagement, providing directions, and handling out-of-domain queries that arise in open-world, multiparty settings.
Untethered clouds (2009)

Welcome to this first issue on Industry Perspectives, a section dedicated to broad impact articles that aim to bridge the gap between academic research and emerging industry applications. In this issue, we showcase two articles. The usefulness of cloud computing as a virtualized Internet resource has been well documented. The first article by Jan Kruys describes how wireless technologies such as WiFi, WiMax/LTE, and Wi-Fibre can expand the reach of this resource, and enable pervasive on demand computing. The second article by Nada Golmie focuses on the key functionalities for achieving seamless mobility in wireless networks, and explains why deployment challenges remain even though standards and solutions are available. I hope these articles help shed some light on real-world problems that may, in turn, spawn new research topics. I take this opportunity to thank the authors for their fine efforts and to invite potential contributors for future sections.
Telomerase Impinges on the Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress Through Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Regulation of Autophagy (2019)

Telomerase has cellular functions beyond telomere stabilization, including a role in mitochondria. The function of the catalytic component-TERT-in mitochondria is still unknown, but it seems to play a role in the response to oxidative stress. Here, we interrogated the role of the subcellular localization of TERT to the response to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) treatment. Using normal human fibroblasts (NHF) expressing non-tagged wild type (WT) human TERT (hTERT) or nuclear localization and function (<sub>nuc</sub>hTERT), a mutant that we previously described as being competent in telomere elongation, while not being able to localize to mitochondria, we found the differential activation of autophagy as a function of hTERT's subcellular localization. Specifically, we found that only cells expressing the mutant had significant increases in autophagy markers as a response to H₂O₂ challenge. Either the reintroduction of the mitochondrial pool of hTERT or the expression of mitochondrially-targeted catalase in mutant cells blunted the autophagic response under oxidative stress. Interestingly, autophagy activation was also associated with decreased levels of mitochondrial DNA damage. Taken together, these results suggest that the loss of hTERT in mitochondria initiates a signaling cascade that allows for cells to adapt to and cope with the lack of mitochondrial telomerase. Such effects also influence the cellular response to oxidative damage.
Effect of pressure on CO2 transport in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1977)

The CO2 solubility, permeability, and diffusion time lag in poly(ethylene terephthalate) are reported at 35° and 65°C for CO2 pressures ranging from 0.07 to 20 atm. The subatmospheric time lag and permeability measurements were made with a glass system at North Carolina State University, while the measurements between 1 and 20 atmospheres, using an identical polymer sample, were made at The University of Texas with a metal system capable of tolerating gauge pressures up to 30 atm. The measured solubility, permeability, and time lag all show strong deviations from the well-known simple expressions for gases in rubbery polymers. The solubility isotherm is non-linear in pressure, and both θ and P are quite pressure dependent, with each showing tendencies to approach low and high pressure asymptotic limits. These effects decrease as temperature increases and would be expected to disappear at or near the glass transition where the amorphous regions become rubbery. The importance of reporting the pressure levels used in transport measurements is emphasized for gas/glassy polymer systems where transport process do not follow linear laws.
Photoluminescence of lead-related optical centers in single-crystal diamond (2018)

We report on the creation and characterization of Pb-related color centers in diamond upon ion implantation and subse- quent thermal annealing. Their optical emission in photoluminescence (PL) regime consists of an articulated spectrum with intense emission peaks at 552.1 nm and 556.8 nm, accompanied by a set of additional lines in the 535700 nm range. The attribution of the PL emission to stable Pb-based defects is corroborated by the correlation of its intensity with the implantation fluence of Pb ions, while none of the reported features is observed in reference samples implanted with C ions. Furthermore, PL measurements performed as a function of sample temperature (143-300 K range) and un- der different excitation wavelengths (532 nm, 514 nm, 405 nm) suggest that the complex spectral features observed in Pb-implanted diamond might be related to a variety of different defects and/or charge states. This work follows from previous reports on optically active centers in diamond based on group IV impurities, such as Si, Ge and Pb. In perspective, a comprehensive study of this set of defect complexes could bring significant insight on the common features involved in their formation and opto-physical properties, thus offering a solid basis for the devel- opment of a new generation of quantum-optical devices.
Fast geometric re-ranking for image-based retrieval (2010)

We present a fast and efficient geometric re-ranking method that can be incorporated in a feature based image-based retrieval system that utilizes a Vocabulary Tree (VT). We form feature pairs by comparing descriptor classification paths in the VT and calculate geometric similarity score of these pairs. We propose a location geometric similarity scoring method that is invariant to rotation, scale, and translation, and can be easily incorporated in mobile visual search and augmented reality systems. We compare the performance of the location geometric scoring scheme to orientation and scale geometric scoring schemes. We show in our experiments that re-ranking schemes can substantially improve recognition accuracy. We can also reduce the worst case server latency up to 1 sec and still improve the recognition performance.
Effective FPGA debug for high-level synthesis generated circuits (2014)

High-level synthesis (HLS) promises to increase designer productivity in the face of steadily increasing FPGA sizes, and broaden the market of use, allowing software designers to reap the benefits of hardware implementation. One roadblock to HLS adoption is the lack of a debugging infrastructure. To debug, designers can run their source code on a processor; however, this does not capture interactions with other system components. The alternative is to debug using the RTL, which is beyond the expertise of software designers, and impractical for hardware designers as the RTL may not resemble the original source code.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalized Phosphanyl‐Phosphonic Acids as Unusual Complexing Units as Analogues of Fosmidomycin. (2012)

Abstract Starting from a 3‐phosphinoylpropylphosphonate such as (I), four types of title compounds are prepared in which the hydroxamic acid moiety of fosmidomycin is replaced by various phosphinic acid groups capable of forming five‐ to six‐membered chelating rings (14 examples).
Mechanisms of Retroviral Integration and Mutagenesis (2013)

Gene transfer vectors derived from oncoretroviruses or lentiviruses are the most robust and reliable tools to stably integrate therapeutic transgenes in human cells for clinical applications. Integration of these vectors in the genome may, however, have undesired effects caused by insertional deregulation of gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. The occurrence of severe adverse events in several clinical trials involving the transplantation of stem cells genetically corrected with retroviral vectors showed that insertional mutagenesis is not just a theoretical event, and that retroviral transgenesis is associated with a finite risk of genotoxicity. In addressing these issues, the gene therapy community offered a spectacular example of how scientific knowledge and technology can be put to work to understand the causes of unpredicted side effects, design new vectors, and develop tools and models to predict their safety and efficacy. As an added benefit, these efforts brought new basic knowledge on virus-host interactions and on the biology and dynamics of human somatic stem cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the interactions between retroviruses and the human genome and addresses the impact of target site selection on the safety of retroviral vector-mediated gene therapy.
Perception-driven semi-structured boundary vectorization (2018)

Artist-drawn images with distinctly colored, piecewise continuous boundaries, which we refer to as semi-structured imagery , are very common in online raster databases and typically allow for a perceptually unambiguous mental vector interpretation. Yet, perhaps surprisingly, existing vectorization algorithms frequently fail to generate these viewer-expected interpretations on such imagery. In particular, the vectorized region boundaries they produce frequently diverge from those anticipated by viewers. We propose a new approach to region boundary vectorization that targets semi-structured inputs and leverages observations about human perception of shapes to generate vector images consistent with viewer expectations. When viewing raster imagery observers expect the vector output to be an accurate representation of the raster input. However, perception studies suggest that viewers implicitly account for the lossy nature of the rasterization process and mentally smooth and simplify the observed boundaries. Our core algorithmic challenge is to balance these conflicting cues and obtain a piecewise continuous vectorization whose discontinuities, or corners, are aligned with human expectations. Our framework centers around a simultaneous spline fitting and corner detection method that combines a learned metric, that approximates human perception of boundary discontinuities on raster inputs, with perception-driven algorithmic discontinuity analysis. The resulting method balances local cues provided by the learned metric with global cues obtained by balancing simplicity and continuity expectations. Given the finalized set of corners, our framework connects those using simple, continuous curves that capture input regularities. We demonstrate our method on a range of inputs and validate its superiority over existing alternatives via an extensive comparative user study.
Comparing the Economics of Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes for Micro-scale Plate Reactors in the Chemical Process Industry (2019)

Modular chemical process intensification involves the deployment of process intensification technology within the modular construction of chemical processing plants. Process intensification involves improvements in chemical process plant efficiency that drive size and weight reductions in chemical equipment. The use of smaller, lighter weight equipment reduces costs in modular construction leading to lower capital thresholds for pursuing new distributed and specialty chemical markets. Micro-scale plate reactors, with high surface-area-to-volume ratios, provide a platform for reducing the size and cost of chemical reactors due to high rates of heat and mass transfer. However, widespread adoption of this technology is hampered by economics and the lack of existing supply chains. Additive manufacturing processes have the potential to overcome this roadblock. This paper compares the economics of using two prominent metal additive manufacturing processes to produce micro-scale plate reactors.
<title>Dimensional Gauging Using A Scanning Laser Beam</title> (1977)

There is increasing interest in non-contacting sensors to perform dynamic, in-process gauging to achieve closed-loop adaptive control of manufacturing processes. After a brief review of current instrumentation, a detailed description will be given of those engineering principles and design features which must be considered to achieve stable, reliable measurements with an optical sensor using a scanning laser beam. Several applications will also be discussed.
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in Z-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV (2023)

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum $20&lt;{p}_{\mathrm{T}}&lt;100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5&lt;\ensuremath{\eta}&lt;4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.64\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.
Thermo-cyclically operated metal oxide gas sensor arrays for analysis of dissolved volatile organic compounds in fermentation processes: Part I – Morphology aspects of the sensing behavior (2023)

For a comparative study of the gas sensing performance to dissolved volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the SnO 2 -powders have been prepared using two different fabrication routes; the flame-spray-pyrolysis (FSP) and the sol-gel (SG) route; and were admixed with the same additive-powders (alumina, YSZ, and NASICON). The morphology of the two different SnO 2 /additive families were investigated by ESEM analysis and Energy-dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Both SnO 2 /additive material families were separately deposited as thick-film-layers on two four-fold sensor-chips which were simultaneously thermo-cyclically operated in a measurement cell combined with a carrier gas probe, which enables sensing tests with evaporated VOCs (acetic acid, propionic acid, ethanol, acetone) dissolved in water. The resulting Conductance-over-Time-Profiles (CTPs) highlight better sensitivities of most of the FSP-layers to all the analytes compared to the SG-prepared layers. Furthermore, the CTP shapes of the FSP layers show clearly enhanced specificity representing the individual analyte components. This was interpreted to be the consequence of the extremely fine, scarcely agglomerated grain morphology of FSP-prepared powders and their very narrow grain size distribution which provide better conditions for enhanced gas specific surface reactions. Results promise a better chemical analysis capability of dissolved VOCs by numerical analysis of the CTP of FSP-prepared gas sensitive layers.
N2-Substituted-2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-Triphosphates as Substrates forE. coliDNA Polymerase I (1991)

Abstract Several N2-alkyl and N2-phenyl 2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphates and 2-bromo-2′-deoxyinosine 5′-triphosphate were synthesized and tested as substrates for E. coli DNA polymerase I with a template: primer system requiring incorporation of 85 nucleotides. N2-Methyl-dGTP and N2-ethyl-dGTP were found to be efficiently incorporated in place of dGTP to give full length product. N2-n-Hexyl-dGTP supported limited full length synthesis at high concentration, but N2-phenyl- and N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)-dGTP were poor substrates. 2-Bromo-2′-deoxyinosine 5′-triphosphate was a good substrate for pol I, and it was a replacement only for dGTP. Melting temperatures of oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing N2-alkyl-dG residues, annealed to complementary single stranded DNA, were lower than that of the normal oligomer.
The androgenic regulation of superhelical-DNA nicking-closing enzyme in rat ventral prostate (1981)

The activity of superhelical-DNA nicking-closing enzyme (NC enzyme) was measured in nuclei from rat ventral prostate by a fluorimetric assay based on the binding of ethidium bromide to supercoiled phage-PM2 DNA. The nuclear concentration of NC-enzyme activity declined rapidly after castration, although this response could be prevented by daily administration of dihydrotestosterone. The low NC-enzyme activity in involuted prostates (10% of normal) was restored to normal after 8-10 days of treatment with androgen. In the regenerating prostate the time course of restoration of NC-enzyme activity was not in phase with that of DNA synthesis. Examination of nucleosome repeat lengths and the arrangement of nucleosomes along the chromatin fibre revealed no differences in the structural organization of chromatin in prostates with high or low NC-enzyme activity. Together, these results suggest that the major role of NC enzyme is related to the onset and maintenance of differentiation in the prostate and that the activity of this enzyme is not expressed through gross alterations in chromatin structure.
Extracellular Vesicles in Inner Ear Therapies—Pathophysiological, Manufacturing, and Clinical Considerations (2022)

(1) Background: Sensorineural hearing loss is a common and debilitating condition. To date, comprehensive pharmacologic interventions are not available. The complex and diverse molecular pathology that underlies hearing loss may limit our ability to intervene with small molecules. The current review foccusses on the potential for the use of extracellular vesicles in neurotology. (2) Methods: Narrative literature review. (3) Results: Extracellular vesicles provide an opportunity to modulate a wide range of pathologic and physiologic pathways and can be manufactured under GMP conditions allowing for their application in the human inner ear. The role of inflammation in hearing loss with a focus on cochlear implantation is shown. How extracellular vesicles may provide a therapeutic option for complex inflammatory disorders of the inner ear is discussed. Additionally, manufacturing and regulatory issues that need to be addressed to develop EVs as advanced therapy medicinal product for use in the inner ear are outlined. (4) Conclusion: Given the complexities of inner ear injury, novel therapeutics such as extracellular vesicles could provide a means to modulate inflammation, stress pathways and apoptosis in the inner ear.
Impact of New Technologies and Approaches for Post–Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation During Long-Term Follow-Up (2016)

Achievement of complete LAVA elimination and use of scar integration from imaging and multipolar catheters to focus high-density mapping are independent predictors of VT-free survival after catheter ablation for post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia.
Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry and chemometrics for high-throughput screening of growth promoters in meat producing animals (2017)

In a proof of concept perspective, Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) was explored for the direct analysis of meat samples from β-agonist treated livestock. In this context, the combination of REIMS with untargeted metabolomics was investigated to identify carcasses from treated animals on the basis of a modification of indirect metabolites profile. The REIMS analysis generated specific lipid profiles which enabled the differentiation of meat samples collected from pigs treated with ractopamine via their feeding regime. Furthermore, the strategy was found successful when tested on different muscle types (loin, shoulder and thigh), which further expands its applicability. Classification performances were greater than 95% accurate which fully answers requirements of a screening strategy. This research indicates that REIMS implemented in an untargeted-metabolomics workflow can be considered as a high-throughput and accurate strategy for real-time meat classification in relation to ractopamine (and wider β-agonists) treatment in pig production. This approach may subsequently be implemented as a rapid screening test, at the slaughterhouse or at border inspection points, to detect such practice.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Baylis—Hillman Products with Swern and Dess—Martin Oxidants. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Probabilistic objective functions for margin-less IMRT planning (2013)

We present a method to implement probabilistic treatment planning of intensity-modulated radiation therapy using custom software plugins in a commercial treatment planning system. Our method avoids the definition of safety-margins by directly including the effect of geometrical uncertainties during optimization when objective functions are evaluated. Because the shape of the resulting dose distribution implicitly defines the robustness of the plan, the optimizer has much more flexibility than with a margin-based approach. We expect that this added flexibility helps to automatically strike a better balance between target coverage and dose reduction for surrounding healthy tissue, especially for cases where the planning target volume overlaps organs at risk. Prostate cancer treatment planning was chosen to develop our method, including a novel technique to include rotational uncertainties. Based on population statistics, translations and rotations are simulated independently following a marker-based IGRT correction strategy. The effects of random and systematic errors are incorporated by first blurring and then shifting the dose distribution with respect to the clinical target volume. For simplicity and efficiency, dose-shift invariance and a rigid-body approximation are assumed. Three prostate cases were replanned using our probabilistic objective functions. To compare clinical and probabilistic plans, an evaluation tool was used that explicitly incorporates geometric uncertainties using Monte-Carlo methods. The new plans achieved similar or better dose distributions than the original clinical plans in terms of expected target coverage and rectum wall sparing. Plan optimization times were only about a factor of two higher than in the original clinical system. In conclusion, we have developed a practical planning tool that enables margin-less probability-based treatment planning with acceptable planning times, achieving the first system that is feasible for clinical implementation.
Complementary Peptides as Recognition Molecules (1995)

The possibility of designing sequence-directed recognition peptides (complementary peptides) able to non covalently associate target peptides or proteins is one of the most important applications deriving from the Molecular Recognition Theory [MRT]. Complementary peptides can be used widely not only as synthetic ligands for the development of affinity purification strategies to isolate target peptides or proteins from crude sources, but more importantly as peptidyl antagonists to inhibit biologically relevant interactions, or to probe functional sites in proteins and corresponding receptors.