gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust PCA Based on Incoherence With Geometrical Interpretation (2018)

Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA), which extracts low-dimensional data from high-dimensional data, can also be regarded as a source separation problem of the sparse error matrix and the low-rank matrix. Until recently, various methods have attempted to precisely predict the discrete rank function by assigning a weight to the nuclear norm. However, if the weights are not in ascending order, the algorithms will diverge and exhibit high computational complexity. Moreover, from the viewpoint of source separation, these methods overlook the fact that two components must be sufficiently different for accurate demixing. In this paper, we employ the incoherence term with convex shape, which considers that components must appear different from one another for boosting separability. Since it is intractable to directly exploit mutual incoherence defined in linear algebra, we guarantee the incoherence by indirectly making the sparse matrix lack the low-rank property by using the duality norm principle. This approach can also be associated with the null space. To analyze the results of the proposed algorithm geometrically, we measure the geodesic distance between the tangent spaces of the manifolds of two separate components. As this distance increases, the degree of dissimilarity of the two components is adequately assured; thus, separation succeeds. Furthermore, this paper is the first to provide insights into the relationship between source separation conditions and the derivatives of the nuclear norm and L1 norm. Experiments are conducted on still image separation and background subtraction to confirm the superiority of the proposed methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrazolylbisindoles — Promising Antifungal Compounds. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Automated Plantation Mapping in Southeast Asia Using MODIS Data and Imperfect Visual Annotations (2020)

Expansion of large-scale tree plantations for commodity crop and timber production is a leading cause of tropical deforestation. While automated detection of plantations across large spatial scales and with high temporal resolution is critical to inform policies to reduce deforestation, such mapping is technically challenging. Thus, most available plantation maps rely on visual inspection of imagery, and many of them are limited to small areas for specific years. Here, we present an automated approach, which we call Plantation Analysis by Learning from Multiple Classes (PALM), for mapping plantations on an annual basis using satellite remote sensing data. Due to the heterogeneity of land cover classes, PALM utilizes ensemble learning to simultaneously incorporate training samples from multiple land cover classes over different years. After the ensemble learning, we further improve the performance by post-processing using a Hidden Markov Model. We implement the proposed automated approach using MODIS data in Sumatra and Indonesian Borneo (Kalimantan). To validate the classification, we compare plantations detected using our approach with existing datasets developed through visual interpretation. Based on random sampling and comparison with high-resolution images, the user’s accuracy and producer’s accuracy of our generated map are around 85% and 80% in our study region.
Fluxional behavior of the .sigma.,.pi.-vinyl complexes Os2[.mu.-CH:C(H)Ph](.mu.-Br)(CO)6-n(PPh3)n (n = 1, 2): use of 13C[1H] NOE and 187Os-13C couplings in assignment of carbonyls (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluxional behavior of the .sigma.,.pi.-vinyl complexes Os2[.mu.-CH:C(H)Ph](.mu.-Br)(CO)6-n(PPh3)n (n = 1, 2): use of 13C[1H] NOE and 187Os-13C couplings in assignment of carbonylsLouis J. Farrugia, Yun Chi, and Wen Cheng TuCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 5, 1616–1622Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00029a020https://doi.org/10.1021/om00029a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Attenuates Experimental Allergic Airway Disease (2014)

Signaling via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays crucial roles in embryogenesis and homeostasis of adult tissues. In the lung, the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been implicated in remodeling processes, development of emphysema, and fibrosis. However, its relevance for the modulation of allergic responses in the lung remains unclear. Using genetically modified mice with lung-specific inducible (doxycycline) Wnt-1 expression (CCSP-rtTA × tetO-Wnt1), the impact of Wnt on the development of allergic airway disease was analyzed. Overexpression of Wnt during the allergen challenge phase attenuated the development of airway inflammation in an acute model, as well as in a more therapeutic model of secondary challenge. These findings were further supported by treatment of allergen-sensitized mice with LiCl during challenge. Similar to Wnt, LiCl prevented the degradation of β-catenin and, thus, attenuated allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Migration studies revealed that lung-specific expression of Wnt reduced the migration of Ag-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) into the draining lymph nodes following allergen challenge. Administration of in vitro allergen-loaded DCs overcame Wnt-mediated suppression of airway inflammation. Furthermore, in vitro studies confirmed that DC-dependent T cell activation is impaired by blocking β-catenin degradation. These results demonstrate an important role for the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the DC-mediated regulation of allergic responses in the lung.
3D Dual-Shell Micro-Resonators for Harsh Environments (2020)

This paper presents the recent advancements in the development of three-dimensional fused quartz dual-shell microresonators for environmentally-challenging applications, where the precision measurements are made through shock and vibrations. The dual-shell micro-resonators made from fused quartz and demonstrate a mechanical Q-factor of well above 1 million. An integration and assembly process for capacitive actuation and detection of such resonators using a silicon-in-glass electrode substrate was developed, and electrostatic tuning of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{n}=\mathbf{2}$</tex> wineglass using out-of-plane electrodes was demonstrated experimentally. We also present a simulation framework based on the Finite Element Method. The modeling approach was used to derive the critical design parameters of the dual-shell micro-gyroscopes for survivability under harsh shock waveforms. The developed 3D dual-shell structure is a potential solution for microresonators and gyroscopes for operation in harsh environments.
ARMA Modeling using cumulant and autocorrelation statistics (2005)

One dimensional cumulant and auto-correlation output statistics are combined to form an overdetermined system of equations whose least-squares solution yields the coefficients of an ARMA model. The driving input noise is assumed to be non-Gaussian and white. The ARMA model is allowed to be non-minimum phase and even to contain all-pass factors. The special cases of AR and MA models are also included. The overdetermined nature of the method makes the solution practical for moderate output data lengths, when additive white Gaussian noise is considered. Simulations illustrate that our approach performs very well even at low signal-to-noise ratios.
Merged-Element Transmons: Design and Qubit Performance (2021)

We demonstrate a superconducting transmon qubit in which a Josephson junction has been engineered to act as its own parallel shunt capacitor. This merged-element transmon potentially offers a smaller footprint than conventional transmons. Because it concentrates the electromagnetic energy inside the junction, it reduces the relative electric field participation from other interfaces. By combining micrometer-scale $\mathrm{Al}$/$\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{O}$${}_{x}$/$\mathrm{Al}$ junctions with long oxidations, we produce functional devices with ${E}_{J}/{E}_{C}$ in the low-transmon regime (${E}_{J}/{E}_{C}\ensuremath{\lesssim}30$). Cryogenic $I$-$V$ measurements show a sharp $dI/dV$ structure with low subgap conduction. Qubit spectroscopy of tunable versions shows a small number of avoided level crossings, suggesting the presence of two-level systems. We observe mean ${T}_{1}$ times typically in the range of $10--90\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$, with some annealed devices exhibiting ${T}_{1}&gt;100\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ over several hours. The results suggest that energy relaxation in conventional small-junction transmons is not limited by junction loss.
Monitoring blood oxygen state in muscle microcirculation with transverse relaxation (2001)

Oxygen uptake from the microcirculation is a direct measure of tissue function. Magnetic resonance is capable of detecting differences between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood due to the paramagnetic properties of deoxyhemoglobin. At the level of the microcirculation, however, imaging methods cannot directly visualize the vessels. Instead, bulk MR parameters are investigated for their ability to monitor blood oxygen saturation (%O(2)) changes in the microcirculation of tissue, specifically skeletal muscle. Experiments in an in vitro model verified the feasibility of detecting changes in exponential decay signals, and also verified the prediction of only two distinct decay components. Experiments in a rabbit model demonstrate that T(2)' and monoexponential T(2) decay are not sensitive to blood oxygen changes, but that the long-T(2) component in a biexponential fit is correlated to the blood oxygen state. Assuming a two-pool model for water protons in muscle, and with knowledge of the T(2)-%O(2) relation, estimates of the microcirculation blood oxygen state can be made with some reasonable assumptions. Magn Reson Med 45:662-672, 2001.
Fluorescence dynamics in plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles (2008)

We investigate the fluorescence properties of dye molecules embedded in core-shell plasmonic nanoparticles. The absorption and emission dynamics of the dyes may be modified by engineering the plasmonic resonance of the core-shell structure.
Clinical Utility of the Standardized Word Recognition Score (2023)

The results favor the superiority of the sWR computational method in identifying reduced WR scores in retrocochlear cases. The utility would be greatest where undetected tumor cases are embedded in a population heavily representing age- or noise-related hearing loss. The results also demonstrate the superiority of the 6-FPTA model in identifying tumor cases. The 2 computational methods may be combined (ie, the 6-FPTA + sWR model) into an automated tool for detecting retrocochlear disease in audiology and community otolaryngology clinics. The 4-frequency AAO-based regression model was the weakest detection method considered. Including raw WR scores into the model did not improve performance, whereas including sWR into the model did improve tumor detection performance. This further supports the contribution of the sWR computational method for recognizing low WR scores in retrocochlear disease cases.
Relatively-Sound NIZKs and Password-Based Key-Exchange. (2011)

We define a new notion of relatively-sound non-interactive zeroknowledge (NIZK) proofs, where a private verifier with access to a trapdoor continues to be sound even when the Adversary has access to simulated proofs and common reference strings. It is likely that this weaker notion of relative-soundness suffices in most applications that need simulation-soundness. We show that for certain languages whicharediversegroups,and henceallowsmoothprojectivehashfunctions, one can obtain more efficient single-theorem relatively-sound NIZKsas opposed to simulation-sound NIZKs. We alsoshow that such relatively-sound NIZKs can be used to build rather efficient publiclyverifiable CCA2-encryption schemes. By employing this new publicly-verifiable encryption scheme along withanassociatedsmoothprojective-hash,weshowthatarecentPAKmodel single-round password-basedkey exchange protocol of Katz and
Determining the Effect of Concerted Elimination Reactions in the Pyrolysis of Lignin Using Model Compounds (2012)

Lignin pyrolysis is a significant impediment in forming liquid fuel from biomass. Lignin pyrolyzes at a higher temperature than other biomass components (ie cellulose, hemicellulose) and tends to form radicals which lead to cross linking and ultimately char formation. A primary step in advances biomass-to-fuel technology will be to discover mechanisms that can disassemble lignin at lower temperatures and depolymerize lignin into more stable products. We have investigated the thermochemistry of the various inter-linkage units found in lignin ({beta}-O4, {alpha}-O4, {beta}-{beta}, {beta}-O5, etc) using electronic structure calculations at the M06-2x/6-311++G(d,p) on a series of dimer model compounds. In addition to the usually-assumed bond homolysis reactions, we have investigated a variety of concerted elimination pathways that will tend to produce closed-shell stable products. Such a bottom-up approach could aid in the targeted development of catalysts that produce more desirable products under less severe reactor conditions.
Posology for Regenerative Therapy (2017)

Sola dosis facit venenum (The dosage makes it either a poison or a remedy) -Paracelsus (1493-1541)
ChemInform Abstract: A Two‐Component Alkyne Metathesis Catalyst System with an Improved Substrate Scope and Functional Group Tolerance: Development and Applications to Natural Product Synthesis. (2016)

Abstract A catalyst formed in situ upon mixing of a trisamidomolybdenum alkylidyne complex and a trisilanol derivative is highly efficient in metathesis reactions of a series of model compounds comprising primary, secondary or phenolic ‐OH groups, as well as challenging (bis)propargylic substrates.
Dereverberation performance of rigid and open spherical microphone arrays: Theory &amp; simulation (2011)

Linear microphone arrays have been extensively used for dereverberation. In this paper we look at the dereverberation performance of two types of spherical microphone array: the open array (microphones suspended in free space) and the rigid array (microphones mounted on a rigid baffle). Dereverberation is performed in the spherical harmonic domain using a technique similar to the commonly used delay-and-sum beamformer (DSB). We analyse the theoretical performance with respect to the direct-to-reverberant ratio (DRR), and we also present simulation results obtained using a simulation tool for spherical arrays. The performance of the spherical DSB is found to increase with the radius of the sphere, and to be 1-2 dB higher for the rigid array. These results serve as a baseline for evaluating the performance of future dereverberation algorithms for spherical arrays.
High performance silicon optical modulators (2012)

In this work we present results from high performance silicon optical modulators produced within the two largest silicon photonics projects in Europe; UK Silicon Photonics (UKSP) and HELIOS. Two conventional MZI based optical modulators featuring novel self-aligned fabrication processes are presented. The first is based in 400nm overlayer SOI and demonstrates 40Gbit/s modulation with the same extinction ratio for both TE and TM polarisations, which relaxes coupling requirements to the device. The second design is based in 220nm SOI and demonstrates 40Gbits/s modulation with a 10dB extinction ratio as well modulation at 50Gbit/s for the first time. A ring resonator based optical modulator, featuring FIB error correction is presented. 40Gbit/s, 32fJ/bit operation is also shown from this device which has a 6um radius. Further to this slow light enhancement of the modulation effect is demonstrated through the use of both convention photonic crystal structures and corrugated waveguides. Fabricated conventional photonic crystal modulators have shown an enhancement factor of 8 over the fast light case. The corrugated waveguide device shows modulation efficiency down to 0.45V.cm compared to 2.2V.cm in the fast light case. 40Gbit/s modulation is demonstrated with a 3dB modulation depth from this device. Novel photonic crystal based cavity modulators are also demonstrated which offer the potential for low fibre to fibre loss. In this case preliminary modulation results at 1Gbit/s are demonstrated. Ge/SiGe Stark effect devices operating at 1300nm are presented. Finally an integrated transmitter featuring a III-V source and MZI modulator operating at 10Gbit/s is presented.
Number of Levels, Arm Inductance and Modulation Trade-offs for High Power Medium Voltage Grid-Connected Modular Multilevel Converters (2019)

There is an increasing focus on integrating flexible dc links for bulk power routing in medium voltage distribution grids. In such applications, the ac-dc Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) devised for medium voltage and high-power ratings can be an interesting choice. This paper highlights some less explored design trade-offs arising due to the limitation on N in relation to modulation frequency and arm inductance. Specifically, the study intends to describe the interdependent influence of each degree of freedom on several aspects such as capacitor voltage balancing, circulating currents and harmonic performance. Finally, the importance of considering interhar-monies in the performance assessment of the MMC instead of the conventional interpretation of distortion calculation is highlighted.
Contribution à l'étude du système quinaire Ca++NH4+H+NO3−PO4−−−H2O. I. Généralités. Diagrammes de solubilité de systèmes quinaires (1950)

Abstract 1. L'établissement des diagrammes de solubilité des systémes quinaires présente certaines difficultés du fait que les 3 axes de l'espace tridimensionnel ne suffisent pas pour indiquer les coordonnées d'une solution contenant 5 constituants indépendants.
Unleashing the Power of Randomization in Auditing Differentially Private ML (2023)

We present a rigorous methodology for auditing differentially private machine learning algorithms by adding multiple carefully designed examples called canaries. We take a first principles approach based on three key components. First, we introduce Lifted Differential Privacy (LiDP) that expands the definition of differential privacy to handle randomized datasets. This gives us the freedom to design randomized canaries. Second, we audit LiDP by trying to distinguish between the model trained with $K$ canaries versus $K - 1$ canaries in the dataset, leaving one canary out. By drawing the canaries i.i.d., LiDP can leverage the symmetry in the design and reuse each privately trained model to run multiple statistical tests, one for each canary. Third, we introduce novel confidence intervals that take advantage of the multiple test statistics by adapting to the empirical higher-order correlations. Together, this new recipe demonstrates significant improvements in sample complexity, both theoretically and empirically, using synthetic and real data. Further, recent advances in designing stronger canaries can be readily incorporated into the new framework.
LEIA: The Lume Pad: 3D Lightfield at your fingertips (2021)

When did you last say wow? In this talk I will introduce the Lume Pad, the world’s first switchable 3D Lightfield tablet. It combines the entire Google Play experience in WQHD resolution with Leia’s latest 3D Lightfield experiences. Designed for commercial and creative uses, it also provides powerful consumer features such as the ability to play a wide variety of games, capture, edit and share 3D lightfield pictures, display iPhone “portrait mode” pictures in 3D or convert regular 2D pictures to 3D in one-click. We will review the Nanotechnology and Computer Vision technologies powering the device and present key applications of mobile Lightfields that we think will drive mass adoption.
TCAD modeling challenges for 14nm FullyDepleted SOI technology performance assessment (2015)

International audience
Robust Learning Protocol for Federated Tumor Segmentation Challenge (2022)

In this work, we devise robust and efficient learning protocols for orchestrating a Federated Learning (FL) process for the Federated Tumor Segmentation Challenge (FeTS 2022). Enabling FL for FeTS setup is challenging mainly due to data heterogeneity among collaborators and communication cost of training. To tackle these challenges, we propose Robust Learning Protocol (RoLePRO) which is a combination of server-side adaptive optimisation (e.g., server-side Adam) and judicious parameter (weights) aggregation schemes (e.g., adaptive weighted aggregation). RoLePRO takes a two-phase approach, where the first phase consists of vanilla Federated Averaging, while the second phase consists of a judicious aggregation scheme that uses a sophisticated reweighting, all in the presence of an adaptive optimisation algorithm at the server. We draw insights from extensive experimentation to tune learning rates for the two phases.
Evolution of Radical Prostatectomy as It Pertains to Nerve-Sparing (2009)

Only a few decades ago, radical prostatectomy generally left patients impotent, but today, with the advent of nerve-sparing techniques, many patients can recover sexual function after surgery. We describe our contemporary technique for nerve-sparing during open radical prostatectomy. Key factors include the establishment of a bloodless surgical field prior to dissection of the neurovascular bundles, preservation of any accessory pudendal arteries, avoidance of electrocoagulation in proximity to the neurovascular bundles, and complete mobilization of the neurovascular bundles off the prostate prior to division of the urethra. Resection or partial resection of a neurovascular bundle may be warranted depending on the location of cancer. Estimates of the frequency of recovery of potency after nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy vary greatly, from 21 to 86% of patients. Recovery of potency can take up to 2 years after surgery and is more likely in patients who are younger, who were potent before surgery, and who had both neurovascular bundles preserved. Postoperative potency seems to be increased with the early use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and intracavernous injection therapy. Potential neuroprotective agents, such as immunophilin ligands, are an area of active research.