gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Porous Metal Augments: Big Hopes for Big Holes (2010)

The majority of acetabular defects can be reconstructed with a hemispherical acetabular component alone. However, severe bone loss encountered at the time of revision acetabular surgery can result in compromised initial fixation leading to component micromotion, failure of bone ingrowth, and mechanical failure. Porous acetabular augments offer a potential solution to enhance initial component fixation while maximizing the area for biologic ingrowth. Premanufactured metal augments can be placed independent of the acetabular component. This feature provides surgeons the flexibility to place the hemispherical acetabular component in the optimal orientation at the anatomic hip center. The augment is initially secured to the hemipelvis with multiple screws before it is then secured to the hemispherical acetabular component with the use of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. The modularity of the augments effectively allows a custom implant to be designed intraoperatively. Porous acetabular augments offer the potential advantages of a nonresorbable material that can be inserted without extensive soft tissue stripping. Additionally, these metal augments do not carry the risk of disease transmission associated with bulk structural allograft and are manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes. The early clinical and radiographic results of porous acetabular augments are promising, yet there remains a paucity of long-term data.
Deployment Experiences with Amrita Kripa: A User-Friendly Feature Rich Crowdsourced Humanitarian Application (2020)

In this paper we present our experiences in designing, developing and deploying the essential components of effective disaster relief technology using the crowdsourced approach, based on our disaster relief platform named Amrita Kripa. We present both the technical and humanitarian aspects of Amrita Kripa. Amrita Kripa has been used in providing disaster relief during both 2018 and 2019 Kerala floods. We also share some of the feedback from various users during the disaster and how the feedback helped Amrita Kripa to evolve into a flexible, user-friendly and effective disaster relief platform. We also present a comprehensive comparison with other relief applications based on the crowdsourced approach.
Application of DDS for the gene therapy (2001)

The RT-PCR analysis revealed that the relative resistance of dendritic cells (DCs) to adenovirus vectors (Ad)-mediated gene transfer is due to the absence of Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression, and that DCs expressed adequate av-integrins. Therefore, we investigated whether fiber-mutant Ad containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence in the fiber knob can efficiently transduce and express high levels of the LacZ gene into DCs. The gene delivery by fiber-mutant Ad was more efficient than that by conventional Ad in both murine DC lines and normal human DCs (NHDC). Furthermore, NHDC transduced with fiber-mutant Ad and conventional Ad at 8000-vector particles/cell resulted in a 70-fold difference in β-galactosidase activity. These results demonstrated that the gene delivery and expression efficiency of transgenes by αv-integrin-targeted Ad was more efficient than by conventional Ad on CAR deficient cells. On the other hand, we have developed regulatable Ad that allow gene expression to be tightly controlled by low concentrations of tetracyclines. As an example of the potential clinical utility of this technology, we highlight our results obtained in an immunotherapy model for prostate cancer with a tetracycline-regulatable Ad expressing the cytokine interleukin-12. Ad with tetracycline-regulatable gene expression provide new opportunities and improved safety for gene therapy applications in humans.
Turning data into better mental health: Past, present, and future (2022)

In this mini-review, we discuss the fundamentals of using technology in mental health diagnosis and tracking. We highlight those principles using two clinical concepts: (1) cravings and relapse in the context of addictive disorders and (2) anhedonia in the context of depression. This manuscript is useful for both clinicians wanting to understand the scope of technology use in psychiatry and for computer scientists and engineers wishing to assess psychiatric frameworks useful for diagnosis and treatment. The increase in smartphone ownership and internet connectivity, as well as the accelerated development of wearable devices, have made the observation and analysis of human behavior patterns possible. This has, in turn, paved the way to understand mental health conditions better. These technologies have immense potential in facilitating the diagnosis and tracking of mental health conditions; they also allow the implementation of existing behavioral treatments in new contexts (e.g., remotely, online, and in rural/underserved areas), and the possibility to develop new treatments based on new understanding of behavior patterns. The path to understand how to best use technology in mental health includes the need to match interdisciplinary frameworks from engineering/computer sciences and psychiatry. Thus, we start our review by introducing bio-behavioral sensing, the types of information available, and what behavioral patterns they may reflect and be related to in psychiatric diagnostic frameworks. This information is linked to the use of functional imaging, highlighting how imaging modalities can be considered "ground truth" for mental health/psychiatric dimensions, given the heterogeneity of clinical presentations, and the difficulty of determining what symptom corresponds to what disease. We then discuss how mental health/psychiatric dimensions overlap, yet differ from, psychiatric diagnoses. Using two clinical examples, we highlight the potential agreement areas in assessment/management of anhedonia and cravings. These two dimensions were chosen because of their link to two very prevalent diseases worldwide: depression and addiction. Anhedonia is a core symptom of depression, which is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Cravings, the urge to use a substance or perform an action (e.g., shopping, internet), is the leading step before relapse. Lastly, through the manuscript, we discuss potential mental health dimensions.
On the hole accelerator for III-nitride light-emitting diodes (2016)

In this work, we systematically conduct parametric studies revealing the sensitivity of the hole injection on the hole accelerator (a hole accelerator is made of the polarization mismatched p-electron blocking layer (EBL)/p-GaN/p-AlxGa1−xN heterojunction) with different designs, including the AlN composition in the p-AlxGa1−xN layer, and the thickness for the p-GaN layer and the p-AlxGa1−xN layer. According to our findings, the energy that the holes obtain does not monotonically increase as the AlN incorporation in the p-AlxGa1−xN layer increases. Meanwhile, with p-GaN layer or p-AlxGa1−xN layer thickening, the energy that the holes gain increases and then reaches a saturation level. Thus, the hole injection efficiency and the device efficiency are very sensitive to the p-EBL/p-GaN/p-AlxGa1−xN design, and the hole accelerator can effectively increase the hole injection if properly designed.
Practical yet universally composable two-server password-authenticated secret sharing (2012)

Password-authenticated secret sharing (PASS) schemes, first introduced by Bagherzandi et al. at CCS 2011, allow users to distribute data among several servers so that the data can be recovered using a single human-memorizable password, but no single server (or even no collusion of servers up to a certain size) can mount an off-line dictionary attack on the password or learn anything about the data. We propose a new, universally composable (UC) security definition for the two-server case (2PASS) in the public-key setting that addresses a number of relevant limitations of the previous, non-UC definition. For example, our definition makes no prior assumptions on the distribution of passwords, preserves security when honest users mistype their passwords, and guarantees secure composition with other protocols in spite of the unavoidable non-negligible success rate of online dictionary attacks. We further present a concrete 2PASS protocol and prove that it meets our definition. Given the strong security guarantees, our protocol is surprisingly efficient: in its most efficient instantiation under the DDH assumption in the random-oracle model, it requires fewer than twenty elliptic-curve exponentiations on the user's device. We achieve our results by careful protocol design and by exclusively focusing on the two-server public-key setting.
Injectable calcium phosphate foams for the delivery of Pitavastatin as osteogenic and angiogenic agent (2019)

Apatitic bone cements have been used as a clinical bone substitutes and drug delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents in orthopedic applications. This has led to their combination with different drugs with known ability to foster bone formation. Recent studies have evaluated Simvastatin for its role in enhanced bone regeneration, but its lipophilicity hampers incorporation and release to and from the bone graft. In this study, injectable calcium phosphate foams (i-CPF) based on α-tricalcium phosphate were loaded for the first time with Pitavastatin. The stability of the drug in different conditions relevant to this study, the effect of the drug on the i-CPFs properties, the release profile, and the in vitro biological performance with regard to mineralization and vascularization were investigated. Pitavastatin did not cause any changes in neither the micro nor the macro structure of the i-CPFs, which retained their biomimetic features. PITA-loaded i-CPFs showed a dose-dependent drug release, with early stage release kinetics clearly affected by the evolving microstructure due to the setting of cement. in vitro studies showed dose-dependent enhancement of mineralization and vascularization. Our findings contribute towards the design of controlled release with low drug dosing bone grafts: i-CPFs loaded with PITA as osteogenic and angiogenic agent.
Sorption and Modeling of Mass Transfer of Toxic Chemical Vapors in Activated-Carbon Fiber-Cloth Adsorbers (1998)

A new activated-carbon fiber-cloth (ACFC) adsorber coupled with an electrothermal regenerator and a cryogenic condenser was designed and developed to efficiently capture and recover toxic chemical vapors (TCVs) from simulated industrial gas streams. The system was characterized for adsorption by ACFC, electrothermal desorption, and cryogenic condensation to separate acetone and methyl ethyl ketone from gas streams. Adsorption dynamics are numerically modeled to predict system characteristics during scale-up and optimization of the process in the future. The model requires diffusivities of TCVs into an activated-carbon fiber (ACF) as an input. Effective diffusivities of TCVs into ACFs were modeled as a function of temperature, concentration, and pore size distribution. Effective diffusivities for acetone at 65 °C and 30−60 ppmv were measured using a chromatography method. The energy factor for surface diffusion was determined from comparison between the experimental and modeled effective diffusivities. The modeled effective diffusivities were used in a dispersive computational model to predict mass transfer zones of TCVs in fixed beds of ACFC under realistic conditions for industrial applications.
Inhibition of growth of Chlamydia trachomatis by tumor necrosis factor is accompanied by increased prostaglandin synthesis (1990)

Development of Chlamydia trachomatis (L2/434/Bu) in HEp-2 cells was inhibited by treatment of the cells with recombinant human alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In the infected cultures that were treated with TNF, high concentrations of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were detected, exceeding by far the concentrations found in TNF-treated but uninfected cells or in infected cells that were not treated with TNF. PGE2 levels increased gradually for 2 days after infection. Raising the tryptophan concentration in the culture medium, which reversed the inhibition of chlamydial replication by TNF, also blocked the increase in PGE2 formation. However, neutralizing antibodies to beta interferon, which also interfered with the antichlamydial effect of TNF, did not decrease PGE2 formation. Excessive formation of PGE2 by cells infected with chlamydiae and treated by TNF might be related to some of the complications associated with chlamydial infection.
Intrinsic and Doped Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Transparent Electrode Fabrication via Low-Temperature Solution Synthesis (2008)

Undoped and doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires were synthesized by decomposing metal salts in trioctylamine at 300°C. By adding metal salts during the formation of the wires, effective incorporation of Ga and Al up to 5% was achieved, as measured by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy. No secondary phase was detected by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The nanowires were single-crystalline with a wurtzite lattice structure. Films made with doped wires show a complex dependence of the sheet resistance on processing conditions and dopant concentration. Thermal annealing treatment reduced the sheet resistance to values of 103 Ω/square.
Correction: Eleni, M. et al. High Quality Bergamot Oil from Greece: Chemical Analysis Using Chiral Gas Chromatography and Larvicidal Activity against the West Nile Virus Vector. Molecules 2009, 14(2), 839-849 (2009)

In the original published version of this paper [1], the given names and surnames of the coauthors were accidently inverted, and should be as indicated below: [...]
Supplementary Methods from Identifying and Targeting Sporadic Oncogenic Genetic Aberrations in Mouse Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Detailed method descriptions&lt;/p&gt;
Dynamically reconfigurable optical packet switch (DROPS) (2006)

A novel Dynamically Reconfigurable Optical Packet Switch (DROPS) that combines both spectral and spatial switching capabilities is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Compared with an Arrayed Waveguide Grating Router (AWGR), the added spatial switching capability provided by the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) enables dynamically reconfigurable routing that is not possible with an AWGR alone. This methodology has several advantages over an AWGR including scalability, additional degrees of freedom in routing a packet from an ingress port to an egress port and more flexibility in path or line card recovery. The experimental demonstration implemented with 10-Gb/s packets shows that the added spatial switching does not degrade the bit-error-rate performance, indicating the promising potential of DROPS as a versatile and ultra-high capacity switch for optical packet-switched networks.
Electronic structure and electrical properties of amorphousOsO2 (1999)

The valence-band spectrum of an amorphous ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{2}$ film deposited by glow discharge of ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{4}$ vapor can be predicted well with calculated electronic band structure of crystalline ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{2}$ from first principles using the liner-muffin-tin-orbital method with the local-density approximation. Resistivity of the amorphous ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{2}$ was less than $6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\ensuremath{\Omega}\mathrm{cm}$ at 80 K, and it was almost temperature independent, but the temperature coefficient of resistivity was negative. The Hall coefficient of the amorphous ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{2}$ increased with temperature, and was saturated at around 220 K. Temperature dependence of the Hall mobility was proportional to ${T}^{3/2},$ and it implies that the scattering of charged carriers by ionized atoms is dominant below 220 K.
Litz wire losses: Effects of twisting imperfections (2017)

High-Frequency (HF) litz wires are extensively used for the windings of Medium-Frequency (MF) magnetic components in order to reduce the impact of eddy current losses that originate from skin and proximity effects. Literature documents different methods to calculate eddy current losses in HF litz wires, however, most of the computation methods rely on perfect twisting of the strands, which is often not present in practice. This paper analyzes the implications of imperfect twisting on the current distribution among the different strands of HF litz wires and the corresponding losses by means of a fast 2.5D PEEC (Partial Element Equivalent Circuit) method. The effects of different types of twisting imperfections (at the bundle-, sub-bundle-, or strand-level) are examined. It is found that imperfect twisting can lead to increased losses (more than 100 %). However, perfect twisting of the strands, which is difficult to achieve, is often not required, i.e. suboptimal twisting is sufficient. Analytical expressions are given for distinguishing between critical and uncritical imperfections. The experimental results, conducted with a 7.5kHz/65kW transformer, reveal a reduction of the error on the predicted losses from 52 % (ideal HF litz wire model) to 8 % (presented model) and, thus, confirm the accuracy improvement achieved with the proposed approach.
Impact of end effector technology on telemanipulation performance (1990)

Generic requirements for end effector design are briefly summarized as derived from generic functional and operational requirements. Included is a brief summary of terms and definitions related to end effector technology. The second part contains a brief overview of end effector technology work as JPL during the past ten years, with emphasis on the evolution of new mechanical, sensing and control capabilities of end effectors. The third and major part is devoted to the description of current end effector technology. The ongoing work addresses mechanical, sensing and control details with emphasis on mechanical ruggedness, increased resolution in sensing, and close electronic and control integration with overall telemanipulator control system.
The Detection and Exclusion of the Prostate Neuro-Vascular Bundle (NVB) in Automated HIFU Treatment Planning Using a Pulsed-Wave Doppler Ultrasound System (2005)

Men with prostate cancer are likely to develop impotence after prostate cancer therapy if the treatment damages the neuro‐vascular bundles (NVB). The NVB are generally located at the periphery of the prostate gland. To preserve the NVB, a Doppler system is used to detect and localize the associated blood vessels. This information is used during the therapy planning procedure to avoid treatment surrounding the blood vessel areas. The Sonablate®500 (Focus Surgery, Inc.) image‐guided HIFU device is enhanced with a pulse‐wave multi‐gate Doppler system that uses the current imaging transducer and mechanical scanner to acquire Doppler data. Doppler detection is executed after the regular B‐mode images are acquired from the base to the apex of the prostate using parallel sector scans. The results are stored and rendered in 3‐D display, registered with additional models generated for the capsule, urethra, and rectal wall, and the B‐mode data and treatment plan itself. The display of the blood flow can be in 2‐D color overlaid on the B‐mode image or in 3‐D color structure. Based on this 3‐D model, the HIFU treatment planning can be executed in automated or manual mode by the physician to remove originally defined treatment zones that overlap with the NVB (for preservation of NVB). The results of the NVB detection in animal experiments, and the 3‐D modeling and data registration of the prostate will be presented.
Length-based cryptanalysis: The case of Thompson's Group (2006)

The length-based approach is a heuristic for solving randomly generated equations in groups which possess a reasonably behaved length function. We describe several improvements of the previously suggested length-based algorithms, that make them applicable to Thompson's group with significant success rates. In particular, this shows that the Shpilrain-Ushakov public key cryptosystem based on Thompson's group is insecure, and suggests that no practical public key cryptosystem based on this group can be secure.
Transparent electronics and prospects for transparent displays (2003)

Transparent electronics is a nascent technology whose objective is the realization of invisible electronic circuits. Part of the impetus for the development of transparent electronics is the recent availability of p-type transparent conductive oxides (TCOs). With the emergence of p-type TCOs, in addition to conventional n-type TCOs such as indium-tin oxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide, fabrication of transparent bipolar electronic devices becomes feasible. The first part of this paper reviews TCOs and discusses our work in the development of p-TCOs and alternative TC materials (e.g. sulfides). We have recently invented a novel, n-channel, accumulation-mode transparent thin-film transistor (TTFT). This TTFT is highly transparent, has very little light sensitivity, and exhibits electrical characteristics that appear to be suitable for implementation as a transparent select-transistor in each pixel of an active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AMLCD). Moreover, the processing technology used to fabricate this device is relatively simple and appears to be compatible with inexpensive glass substrate technology. The second part of this paper focuses on TTFTs. If transparent electronics is employed to realize transparent back-plane electronic drivers on transparent substrates, fabrication of a transparent display becomes feasible. The third part of this paper offers an approach for realization of a transparent display.
P26.10: Normal/arcuate vs septate uterus: agreement among experts' subjective impression evaluating the coronal plane of the uterus on 3D ultrasound (2017)

To evaluate the agreement among experts for distinguishing between normal/arcuate and septate uterus by assessing the coronal plane of the uterus obtained by 3D ultrasound. We included 100 women evaluated between Jun-2016 and Jul-2016 with suspected uterine anomaly, using a single 3D data-set of each uterus. Two observers not involved with data acquisition, each one with 3-year experience with 3D-ultrasound, prepared the images using four different ultrasound techniques after training: standard coronal view using multiplanar mode (MP), a rendered view of the coronal plane (volume contrast imaging, VCI), a curved rendered mode (OmniView), and a curved rendered mode using HDlive. The four images for each uterus were combined in a single image, and the 100 combined images (one for each uterus) were anonymised and submitted to 15 experts (5 clinicians, 5 surgeons and 5 sonologists). These experts were asked to distinguish between normal/arcuate and septate uterus using the following definitions: normal/arcuate = normal uterine morphology or degree of distortion caused by the internal indentation is not clinically relevant; or septate uterus = the degree of distortion caused by the internal indentation is clinically relevant. Agreement across experts was assessed by kappa statistics. Considering all the experts, 357/1500 (24%) of the votes were for septate uterus with a good overall agreement (kappa = 0.62). Considering the three groups separately, the sonologists were more likely to consider the uteri as being normal and had a better inter-observer agreement (septate=92/500=18%; kappa=0.74) than both clinicians (septate=138/500=28%; kappa = 0.53) and surgeons (septate=127/500=25%; kappa=0.56). Experts, particularly sonologsits, have a good agreement to distinguish between normal/arcuate and septate uterus just by assessing the coronal plane of the uterus obtained by 3D ultrasound.