gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Wood Fibers and Paper by Cellulose-Binding Domains (2003)

Recombinant cellulose-binding domains (CBD) have previously been shown to modulate the elongation of different plant cells in vitro. Using Acetobacter xylinum as a model system, CBD was found to increase the activity of the cellulose synthase, up to fivefold, in a dose-dependent manner. In Populus, the introduction of a cbd gene under the control of the elongation specific cel1 promoter led to significant increases in biomass production in selected clones compared with wild-type plants. An analysis of the ensuing wood characteristics from the transgenic trees demonstrated significant increases in both fiber cell length and the average degree of cellulose polymerization. Additionally, a significant decrease in microfibril angle was observed. These results coincided with increased burst, tear and tensile indexes of paper prepared from these wood fibers. The mechanism by which CBD affects cell wall metabolism remains unknown. A physio-mechanical mechanism was postulated whereby CBD localizes between adjacent cellulose microfibrils and separates them in a wedge-like action. In vitro experiments with petunia cell suspensions supports this hypothesis, as increasing concentrations of CBD displayed an abnormal shedding of cell wall layers, indicating that CBD has the potential to cause nonhydrolytic cell wall disruption activity in-vivo. Additionally, CBD fusion proteins may also be used to cross-link and introduce functional molecules into and onto lignocellulosicbased fibre networks. Consequently, these CBD fused molecules can be used to improve the physio-mechanical performance of paper sheets, and to alter its surface properties.
Structure of Factor-inhibiting Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) Reveals Mechanism of Oxidative Modification of HIF-1α (2003)

The activity of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is regulated by oxygen-dependent hydroxylation. Under normoxic conditions, hydroxylation of proline residues triggers destruction of its alpha-subunit while hydroxylation of Asn(803) in the C-terminal transactivation domain of HIF-1 alpha (CAD) prevents its interaction with p300. Here we report crystal structures of the asparagine hydroxylase (factor-inhibiting HIF, FIH) complexed with Fe((II)), 2-oxoglutarate cosubstrate, and CAD fragments, which reveal the structural basis of HIF modification. CAD binding to FIH occurs via an induced fit process at two distinct interaction sites. At the hydroxylation site CAD adopts a loop conformation, contrasting with a helical conformation for the same residues when bound to p300. Asn(803) of CAD is buried and precisely orientated in the active site such that hydroxylation occurs at its beta-carbon. Together with structures with the inhibitors Zn((II)) and N-oxaloylglycine, analysis of the FIH-CAD complexes will assist design of hydroxylase inhibitors with proangiogenic properties. Conserved structural motifs within FIH imply it is one of an extended family of Fe((II)) oxygenases involved in gene regulation.
System level design enhancements for cost effective renewable power generation by reverse electrodialysis (2015)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.
Lif Measurements Of The Ion Distribution Under The Antenna Terminals Of An ICP--Experiment (2022)

Inductively coupled plasma sources are widely used in semiconductor manufacture. A common feature of these is that there is an insulating window with a coil located in close vicinity, to maximize coupling to the plasma. At least one of the antenna terminals has high RF voltage, leading to potential sputtering of the window material under that terminal as a source of process contamination. We report on the first attempts to directly measure the ion distribution underneath the high voltage terminal. An industrial etch tool is modified for Laser Induced Fluorescence measurements with particular access under the ceramic window. Results are compared for two different conductor cross-sections, consisting of flat copper turns with a wide area facing the ceramic, or tall turns presenting minimum area. Separate measurements of the potential directly under the antenna terminal show significant difference in the pickup during the breakdown phase of a pulsed plasma, but less difference during steady state. The results will be compared to 2D calculations of energy and angular distributions of ions.
Variants at the APOE/C1/C2/C4 Locus Modulate Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Independently of High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (2018)

Background Macrophage cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoproteins ( HDLs ) is the first step of reverse cholesterol transport. The cholesterol efflux capacity ( CEC ) of HDL particles is a protective risk factor for coronary artery disease independent of HDL cholesterol levels. Using a genome-wide association study approach, we aimed to identify pathways that regulate CEC in humans. Methods and Results We measured CEC in 5293 French Canadians. We tested the genetic association between 4 CEC measures and genotypes at >9 million common autosomal DNA sequence variants. These analyses yielded 10 genome-wide significant signals ( P<6.25×10<sup>-9</sup>) representing 7 loci. Five of these loci harbor genes with important roles in lipid biology ( CETP , LIPC , LPL , APOA 1/C3/A4/A5, and APOE /C1/C2/C4). Except for the APOE /C1/C2/C4 variant ( rs141622900, P <sub>nonadjusted</sub>=1.0×10<sup>-11</sup>; P <sub>adjusted</sub>=8.8×10<sup>-9</sup>), the association signals disappear when correcting for HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The additional 2 significant signals were near the PPP 1 CB / PLB 1 and RBFOX 3/ ENPP 7 genes. In secondary analyses, we considered candidate functional variants for 58 genes implicated in HDL biology, as well as 239 variants associated with blood lipid levels and/or coronary artery disease risk by genome-wide association study . These analyses identified 27 significant CEC associations, implicating 5 additional loci ( GCKR , LIPG , PLTP , PPARA , and TRIB 1). Conclusions Our genome-wide association study identified common genetic variation at the APOE /C1/C2/C4 locus as a major determinant of CEC that acts largely independently of HDL cholesterol. We predict that HDL -based therapies aiming at increasing CEC will be modulated by changes in the expression of apolipoproteins in this gene cluster.
Novel Noninvasive Breath Test Method for Screening Individuals at Risk for Diabetes (2008)

These results suggest that this novel breath test method may assist in recognition of pre-diabetes or early-stage diabetes in at-risk persons without the need for invasive blood sampling, thus making it an attractive option for large-scale testing of at-risk populations, such as children.
Identification of residues in the first cytoplasmic loop of P-glycoprotein involved in the function of chimeric human MDR1-MDR2 transporters. (1992)

The human MDR1 gene encodes the multidrug transporter (P-glycoprotein), a multidrug efflux pump. The highly homologous MDR2 gene product does not appear to be a functional multidrug pump. We have constructed a chimeric protein in which the first intracytoplasmic loop and the third and fourth transmembrane domains of the MDR1 protein were replaced by the analogous region of MDR2. Substitution of the MDR2 sequences encompassing amino acid residues 140 to 229 resulted in 17 amino acid changes, 10 in the intracytoplasmic loop (amino acids 141-188) and 7 in the transmembrane regions. This chimeric protein was expressed on the surface of NIH 3T3 cells where it bound [3H]azidopine but did not confer drug resistance. When only 4 residues, 165, 166, 168, and 169, were changed back to MDR1 amino acids, a functional drug transporter was recovered. When residues 165, 166, 168, and 169 from MDR2 were substituted into a functional MDR1 cDNA, the resulting construction was not able to confer drug resistance. These results indicate that the major functional differences between MDR1 and MDR2 in this region of P-glycoprotein reside in a small segment of the first intracytoplasmic loop. We also independently analyzed the effect of replacing Asn183 of MDR1 with Ser which occurs in MDR2. Substitution of Ser at position 183 in combination with Val at position 185 in P-glycoprotein resulted in a relative increase in resistance to actinomycin D, vinblastine, and doxorubicin in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. These results emphasize the importance of the first intracytoplasmic loop in P-glycoprotein in determining function and relative drug specificity of the transporter.
Erratum to: Measurement of the J/ψ pair production cross-section in pp collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2017)

The measurement of the differential cross-section as a function of p T (J/ J/ ) was incorrectly reported in the paper [1], due to an incorrect propagation of the efficiency values in the final analysis. In this erratum, all tables and figures that need to be corrected are reported, with identical numbering and captions to those in the orginial paper. In figure In figure In table 3, the percentages of the DPS component determined with p T (J/ J/ ) (the first row) are changed. In table 4, the eff values from the DPS fits for p T (J/ J/ ) (the first row) are changed. As a result, the values of eff for the models considered in the analysis are between 8.8 and 12.5 mb, instead of 10.0 and 12.5 mb. None of these changes affect the interpretation of the results and the conclusions.
Phase Compensation Techniques for Low-Power Operational Amplifiers (2010)

An operational amplifier is one of the key functional blocks and is widely used in analog and mixed-signal circuits. For low-power consumption, many techniques such as class AB and slew-rate enhancement have been proposed. Although phase compensation is related to power consumption, it has not been clearly discussed from the viewpoint of the power consumption. In this paper, the conventional and the improved Miller compensations and the phase compensation by introducing a new zero are dicussed for low-power operational amplifiers.
A phenomenological combustion analysis of a dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine (2016)

Energy security concerns and an abundant supply of natural gas in the USA provide the impetus for engine designers to consider alternative gaseous fuels in the existing engines. The dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine concept is attractive because of the minimal design changes, the ability to preserve a high compression ratio of the baseline diesel, and the lack of range anxiety. However, the increased complexity of a dual-fuel engine poses challenges, including the knock limit at a high load, the combustion instability at a low load, and the transient response of an engine with directly injected diesel fuel and port fuel injection of compressed natural gas upstream of the intake manifold. Predictive simulations of the complete engine system are an invaluable tool for investigations of these conditions and development of dual-fuel control strategies. This paper presents the development of a phenomenological combustion model of a heavy-duty dual-fuel engine, aided by insights from experimental data. Heat release analysis is carried out first, using the cylinder pressure data acquired with both diesel-only and dual-fuel (diesel and natural gas) combustion over a wide operating range. A diesel injection timing correlation based on the injector solenoid valve pulse widths is developed, enabling the diesel fuel start of injection to be detected without extra sensors on the fuel injection cam. The experimental heat release trends are obtained with a hybrid triple-Wiebe function for both diesel-only operation and dual-fuel operation. The ignition delay period of dual-fuel operation is examined and estimated with a predictive correlation using the concept of a pseudo-diesel equivalence ratio. A four-stage combustion mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that a triple-Wiebe function has the ability to represent all stages of dual-fuel combustion. This creates a critical building block for modeling a heavy-duty dual-fuel turbocharged engine system.
Development of an Aryl Amination Catalyst with Broad Scope Guided by Consideration of Catalyst Stability (2020)

We have developed a new dialkylbiaryl monophosphine ligand, GPhos, that supports a palladium catalyst capable of promoting carbon-nitrogen cross-coupling reactions between a variety of primary amines and aryl halides; in many cases, these reactions can be carried out at room temperature. The reaction development was guided by the idea that the productivity of catalysts employing BrettPhos-like ligands is limited by their lack of stability at room temperature. Specifically, it was hypothesized that primary amine and N-heteroaromatic substrates can displace the phosphine ligand, leading to the formation of catalytically dormant palladium complexes that reactivate only upon heating. This notion was supported by the synthesis and kinetic study of a putative off-cycle Pd complex. Consideration of this off-cycle species, together with the identification of substrate classes that are not effectively coupled at room temperature using previous catalysts, led to the design of a new dialkylbiaryl monophosphine ligand. An O<i>t</i>-Bu substituent was added ortho to the dialkylphosphino group of the ligand framework to improve the stability of the most active catalyst conformer. To offset the increased size of this substituent, we also removed the para <i>i</i>-Pr group of the non-phosphorus-containing ring, which allowed the catalyst to accommodate binding of even very large α-tertiary primary amine nucleophiles. In comparison to previous catalysts, the GPhos-supported catalyst exhibits better reactivity both under ambient conditions and at elevated temperatures. Its use allows for the coupling of a range of amine nucleophiles, including (1) unhindered, (2) five-membered-ring N-heterocycle-containing, and (3) α-tertiary primary amines, each of which previously required a different catalyst to achieve optimal results.
Fixed Packed Bed Reactors in Reduced Gravity (2004)

We present experimental data on flow pattern transitions, pressure drop and flow characteristics for cocurrent gas-liquid flow through packed columns in microgravity. The flow pattern transition data indicates that the pulse flow regime exists over a wider range of gas and liquid flow rates under microgravity conditions compared to 1-g and the widely used Talmor map in 1-g is not applicable for predicting the transition boundaries. A new transition criterion between bubble and pulse flow in microgravity is proposed and tested using the data. Since there is no static head in microgravity, the pressure drop measured is the true frictional pressure drop. The pressure drop data, which has much smaller scatter than most reported 1-g data clearly shows that capillary effects can enhance the pressure drop (especially in the bubble flow regime) as much as 200% compared to that predicted by the single phase Ergun equation. The pressure drop data are correlated in terms of a two-phase friction factor and its dependence on the gas and liquid Reynolds numbers and the Suratman number. The influence of gravity on the pulse amplitude and frequency is also discussed and compared to that under normal gravity conditions. Experimental work is planned to determine the gas-liquid and liquid-solid mass transfer coefficients. Because of enhanced interfacial effects, we expect the gas-liquid transfer coefficients kLa and kGa (where a is the gas-liquid interfacial area) to be higher in microgravity than in normal gravity at the same flow conditions. This will be verified by gas absorption experiments, with and without reaction in the liquid phase, using oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and dilute aqueous amine solutions. The liquid-solid mass transfer coefficient will also be determined in the bubble as well as the pulse flow regimes using solid benzoic acid particles in the packing and measuring their rate of dissolution. The mass transfer coefficients in microgravity will be compared to those in normal gravity cocurrent flow to determine the mass transfer enhancement and propose new mass transfer correlations for two-phase gas-liquid flows through packed beds in microgravity.
Development of pre-crash safety system (2003)

A large number of means for active safety and passive safety have been studied for road traffic safety, and various safety systems have been commercialized. It has now become important to link active safety with passive safety to enhance overall safety. Therefore, a pre-crash safety system has been developed that helps to reduce crash injuries by determining the likelihood of a crash in advance, and activating active safety systems and passive safety systems at an earlier stage. This paper describes the configuration, functions, and effects of this pre-crash safety system. The newly developed system consists of a pre-crash sensor, a pre-crash seat belt, and pre-crash brake assist. The pre-crash sensor is composed of a millimeter-wave radar that detects forward obstacles and a pre-crash safety computer that helps to determine in advance whether a crash is unavoidable, based on location, speed and course of an obstacle. The pre-crash seat belt, which employs a mechanism to retract the seat belt by a motor, helps to reduce crash injuries through earlier restraint of front occupants. The pre-crash brake assist helps to reduce the crash speed by quickly generating a large brake force in response to the driver's brake pedal operation even when sudden braking is not being performed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E825082.
First-in-man implantation of leadless ultrasound-based cardiac stimulation pacing system: novel endocardial left ventricular resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients (2013)

http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01294527.
Increased nitric oxide production by airway cells of sensitized and challenged IL-10 knockout mice (2001)

The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 suppresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); therefore, NO production should increase in the absence of IL-10. Production of NO (as nitrite) by bronchoalveolar lavage cells of IL-10 knockout ((-/-)) mice was assessed after ovalbumin sensitization and airway challenge (S/C) and was compared with the IL-10-sufficient, wild-type (WT) C57Bl6. Eosinophil recruitment occurred in S/C WT and IL-10(-/-) mice, suggesting allergic airway inflammation. Alveolar macrophages (per g mouse) were unchanged (approximately 3x10(4) cells) with the exception of a doubling in the S/C IL-10(-/-) mice (approximately 6x10(4) cells, P<0.05). NO production (per million cells) was doubled in cells from S/C IL-10(-/-) (15.3 microM) mice compared with WT (7.6 microM, P<0.05). Inhibition of iNOS by L-N(5)-(1-iminoethyl)-ornithine reduced NO production in all S/C mice, confirming that the increase was a result of up-regulation of iNOS. We conclude that IL-10 is a critical cytokine regulating iNOS in murine airway cells and that its absence can lead to up-regulation of iNOS and development of allergic airway inflammation.
Optimized Interactive Processes (2011)

Optimized interactive processes (OIPs) could help transform traditional business process management systems into dynamic, context-driven systems that better coordinate physical, digital, and human assets.
Isolation and Purification of Glycoconjugates from Complex Biological Sources by Recycling High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2013)

Among of the most urgent needs of the glycobiology community is to generate libraries of pure carbohydrate standards. While many oligosaccharides have recently been synthesized, some glycans of biomedical importance are still missing in existing collections or are available in only limited amounts. To address this need, we demonstrate the use of the relatively unexplored technique of recycling high-performance liquid chromatography (R-HPLC) to isolate and purify glycoconjugates from several natural sources. We were able to routinely achieve purities greater than 98%. In several cases, we were able to obtain isomerically pure substances, particularly for glycans with different positional isomerism. These purified substances can then be used in different analytical applications, for example, as standards for mass spectrometry (MS) and capillary-based separations. Moreover, using a bifunctional aromatic amine, the same derivatization agent can be used to enable UV detection of oligosaccharides during their purification and link the isolated molecules to functionalized surfaces and potentially create glycan arrays.
The renaissance in microscopy (1995)

The demands of the semiconductor industry, medical research establishment, and broader scientific community have hastened the development of a powerful array of microcharacterization tools. An overview of these systems will be given, with emphasis on the suitability of each. Optical instruments will receive special attention, including the author s own experiences with the near-field scanning optical microscope.
Optimizing the Operating Temperature for an array of MOX Sensors on an Open Sampling System (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. Trincavelli, A. Vergara, N. Rulkov, J. S. Murguia, A. Lilienthal, R. Huerta; Optimizing the Operating Temperature for an array of MOX Sensors on an Open Sampling System. AIP Conf. Proc. 6 September 2011; 1362 (1): 225–227. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3626368 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Effects of potassium on carbon monoxide methanation over supported rhodium films (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTEffects of potassium on carbon monoxide methanation over supported rhodium filmsC. H. Dai and S. D. WorleyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 18, 4219–4221Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100409a001https://doi.org/10.1021/j100409a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts