gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stacking disorder in clinochlore chlorite (1984)

We show that Hnrr,lr is useful for distinguishing the one-layer polytypes of chlorite and for characterizing layer stacking sequences. HRTEM images were computed for all onelayer chlorite polytypes. These computations how that the features in Hnreu images can be used to determine the projected shift vectors across the T layers and B sheets. These vectors can, in turn, be used to distinguish among the several possible chlorite polytypes. Five distinct projections result from viewing all possible one-layer chlorite polytypes down their (100) or (l l0) zone axes (assigning [T00] parallel to the talc-stagger direction). Complete specification of polytypes requires either HnrEu combined with X-ray diffraction analysis or HRTEM images from more than one major zone of the same crystal. A clinochlore sample from West Chester, Pennsylvania, was used as an example of the use of HRTEM to study chlorite polytypism. Single-crystal X-ray analysis showed the sample to be an ordered one-layer IIb-2 polytype. Electron diffraction patterns from a much smaller volume of crystal than was used for the X-ray measurements how streaking parallel to c* in the k I 3n reciprocal lattice rows, indicating b/3 shifts of the chlorite layers. High-resolution imaging of this crystal i l lustrates the regular alternation of the T layers and B sheets. In addition, semi-random stacking sequences are the dominant type of disorder whereas layer rotations occur less frequently.
Abstract 2306: BLU-222, an investigational, potent, and selective CDK2 inhibitor, demonstrated robust antitumor activity in CCNE1-amplified ovarian cancer models (2022)

Abstract Background: Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) are a class of enzymes that, along with their regulatory cyclin binding partners, drive cell cycle progression. Cell cycle dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer and targeting its genetic drivers can confer therapeutic benefits. Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) gene alterations are common in patients with ovarian cancer and can be found in ~20% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cases, which tend to be platinum therapy resistant and therefore represent a high medical need. Cyclin E1 is the canonical binding partner of CDK2, which becomes constitutively active when CCNE1 is amplified and overexpressed. Selectively inhibiting CDK2 is an attractive therapeutic option for CCNE1-amplified tumors and may limit off-target CDK-driven toxicities. Here we report preclinical validation studies leading to the development of an orally available CDK2 inhibitor, BLU-222, for the treatment of ovarian cancer harboring a CCNE1 amplification. Methods: BLU-222 selectivity was measured by enzyme assays, cellular target engagement assays (NanoBRET), and proliferation assays in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. In vitro cellular potency was assessed by phospho-Rb levels. In vivo antitumor activity of BLU-222 as a single agent or in combination with carboplatin was measured in an OVCAR-3 cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) tumor model harboring a CCNE1 amplification. Results: BLU-222 demonstrated selectivity, both biochemically and in cells, with low nanomolar potency for CDK2 vs other CDK family members (CDK1, -4, -6, -7, and -9). In a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, those with CCNE1 amplifications were highly sensitive to BLU-222. Consistent with the in vitro profiling, BLU-222 exhibited significant antitumor activity in the OVCAR-3 CDX model. While administration of single-agent carboplatin led to stasis in vivo, the combination of BLU-222 + carboplatin induced durable tumor regression even after treatment cessation. Conclusions: These data provide a strong rationale for advancing BLU-222 towards clinical development in patients with CCNE1-amplified ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Victoria Brown, Phil Ramsden, Nealia House, Richard Vargas, Jian Guo, Ruduan Wang, Riadh Lobbardi, Maxine Chen, Douglas Wilson, Joseph Kim, Neil Bifulco, Michelle Maynard, Emanuele Perola, Dean Zhang, Steve Wenglowsky, Yoon Jong Choi. BLU-222, an investigational, potent, and selective CDK2 inhibitor, demonstrated robust antitumor activity in CCNE1-amplified ovarian cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2306.
ViP-VCSEL with integrated photodiode and new applications (2022)

ViP stands for a VCSEL with integrated photodiode. It features a photodiode embedded in the VCSEL resonator. A single intra-cavity contact serves as VCSEL cathode as well as photodiode anode. The VCSEL is single-mode and a sub wavelength grating on the output facet is used to stabilize the polarization of the emitted light. The ultra-compact chip has two separately addressable mesas. In addition, good production capability and reliability make the device ideal for mass products. Exploiting the principle of self-mixing interference (SMI), the ViP can be used in systems precisely measuring e.g., velocity, distance, quantitative particle concentration as a measure for air quality or fast eye-movements. The interferometric precision of velocity measurements enables demanding industrial applications like a new contactless encoder with high accuracy. ViP and the SMI principle make the detection almost insensitive for environmental background light. The functionality of the sensor has been demonstrated in bright sunlight and measuring speed over ground up to 250km/h in automotive applications. Low latency is ideal for the detection of fast eye movements. The miniature sensor fits into the frame of an AR/VR goggle and can detect eye-gestures. An ultra-compact air quality detector measuring PM2.5 as well as ultra-fine particles is described as well. The system does not require any enforced air flow nor openings in the body thus could be embedded in wearable consumer devices. With a size of a match head, it enables a precise, real-time, and personalized measurement.
A bandwidth trading marketplace for mobile data offloading (2013)

The Radio Access Network (RAN) infrastructure represents the most critical part for capacity planning, which usually accounts for peak traffic conditions. A promising approach to increase the RAN capacity and simultaneously reduce its energy consumption is represented by the opportunistic utilization of third party Wi-Fi access devices. In order to foster the utilization of unexploited Internet connections, we propose a new and open market, where a mobile operator can lease the bandwidth made available by third parties (residential users or private companies) through their access points to increase the network capacity and save large amounts of energy. We formulate the offloading problem as a reverse auction considering the most general case of partial covering of the traffic to be offloaded. We discuss the conditions (i) to offload the maximum amount of data traffic according to the capacity of third party access devices, (ii) to foster the participation of access point owners (individual rationality), and (iii) to prevent market manipulation (incentive compatibility). Finally, we propose a greedy algorithm that solves the offloading problem in polynomial time, even for large-size network scenarios.
Elimination of Chromosomal Island SpyCIM1 from Streptococcus pyogenes Strain SF370 Reverses the Mutator Phenotype and Alters Global Transcription (2015)

Streptococcus pyogenes chromosomal island M1 (SpyCIM1) integrates by site-specific recombination into the 5' end of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutL in strain SF370SmR, blocking transcription of it and the downstream operon genes. During exponential growth, SpyCIM1 excises from the chromosome and replicates as an episome, restoring mutL transcription. This process is reversed in stationary phase with SpyCIM1 re-integrating into mutL, returning the cells to a mutator phenotype. Here we show that elimination of SpyCIM1 relieves this mutator phenotype. The downstream MMR operon genes, multidrug efflux pump lmrP, Holliday junction resolution helicase ruvA, and DNA base excision repair glycosylase tag, are also restored to constitutive expression by elimination of SpyCIM1. The presence of SpyCIM1 alters global transcription patterns in SF370SmR. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) demonstrated that loss of SpyCIM1 in the SpyCIM1 deletion mutant, CEM1Δ4, impacted the expression of over 100 genes involved in virulence and metabolism both in early exponential phase, when the SpyCIM1 is episomal, as well as at the onset of stationary phase, when SpyCIM1 has reintegrated into mutL. Among these changes, the up-regulation of the genes for the antiphagocytic M protein (emm1), streptolysin O (slo), capsule operon (hasABC), and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (speB), are particularly notable. The expression pattern of the MMR operon confirmed our earlier observations that these genes are transcribed in early exponential phase but silenced as stationary phase is approached. Thus, the direct role of SpyCIM1 in causing the mutator phenotype is confirmed, and further, its influence upon the biology of S. pyogenes was found to impact multiple genes in addition to the MMR operon, which is a novel function for a mobile genetic element. We suggest that such chromosomal islands are a remarkable evolutionary adaptation to promote the survival of its S. pyogenes host cell in changing environments.
Onset of superconductivity in ultrathin granular metal films (1989)

The evolution of superconductivity in ultrathin films of Sn, Pb, Ga, Al, and In has been examined as a function of thickness and temperature. The films were grown in increments by condensation from the vapor onto substrates held at temperatures below 18 K. For each metal, global superconductivity or zero electrical resistance was found when the normal-state sheet resistance ${R}_{N}$ fell below a value close to h/4${e}^{2}$, or 6.45 k\ensuremath{\Omega}/\ensuremath{\square}, an observation uncorrelated with either structural or material parameters such as thickness or transition temperature. Prior evidence of superconductivity with nonzero resistance, local superconductivity, was found at earlier stages of film growth. All evidences of superconducting behavior were observed at temperatures close to the bulk transition temperature beginning in the range of thicknesses for which normal-state resistivities were greater than 200 \ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\Omega}-cm and were rapidly changing with thickness. This implies that the films consisted of fully superconducting grains connected by tunneling junctions. The strong disorder represented by a broad distribution of junction parameters can be renormalized into weak disorder. Thus theoretical calculations based on regular arrays of superconducting sites coupled by (Josephson) junctions appear to be relevant. The extreme thinness of the films implies very small junction capacitances leading to large quantum fluctuations of the phase differences of their superconducting order parameters. Two classes of theories explaining a nearly universal resistance threshold for superconductivity have emerged. Both classes involve the quenching of these quantum fluctuations. In the limit of very small junction capacitances the threshold occurs at resistance values near h/4${e}^{2}$, and is essentially independent of the capacitance and the energy gap, in good agreement with the experimental data. Not contained in any of the models is an explanation of the observed regular variation of the low-temperature resistances of the films with the normal-state sheet resistance for values just above the resistance threshold.
ChemInform Abstract: General Method for the Expedient Synthesis of Salt‐Free Diorganozinc Reagents Using Zinc Methoxide. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Therapeutic Strategy for Metastatic Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma Through Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Mediated TRAIL Production (2012)

These results suggest that MSC-TRAIL is sufficiently effective in inhibiting MFH-ino metastasis and the application using MSC-TRAIL could be extended to other sarcomas and recurrent metastatic cancers for cell-mediated cancer therapy.
Computed Tomography Appearance of Renal Hybrid Oncocytic/Chromophobe Tumors (2016)

A series of HOCTs were found on CT to have 2 distinct patterns-a heterogenous enhancement pattern and an "oncocytoma-like" pattern with a central stellate hypodensity. Although the prospective diagnosis of HOCTs on the basis of CT findings is unlikely, an awareness of the existence of these lesions is important as new means of characterizing renal masses on imaging arise.
Fast Optimization Algorithm for Evanescent-Mode Cavity Tuner Optimization and Timing Reduction in Software-Defined Radar Implementation (2020)

Dynamic spectrum allocation will require cognitive radar transmitters to change operating frequency and bandwidth in real time. This will require high-power reconfigurable circuitry to improve radar performance by simultaneously increasing 1) the output power of the transmit waveform and 2) the power-added efficiency of the power amplifier. This circuitry is also used to mitigate cochannel interference by maintaining sufficiently linear performance so that the output waveform conforms to a given spectral mask. In this approach, a 90-W evanescent-mode cavity tuner is reconfigured using a specially designed gradient search to find the best combination of resonant cavity position numbers. This approach will be much more flexible for field use than typical Smith-chart-based load-pull searches, which require a characterization that is susceptible to drift. Experimental results are presented showing that the efficiency, output power, spectral performance, and estimated maximum radar detection range are improved significantly by retuning the matching network at each operating frequency. Additionally, this article discusses innovations to reduce or eliminate time bottlenecks in a cognitive radar system for impedance tuning, reducing the time needed for complete impedance tuning searches from minutes to seconds. This significant timing reduction makes tunable power amplifiers a feasible option for future use in spectrum sharing by cognitive radar systems.
Formation of solvated ions in the atmospheric interface of an electrospray ionization triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometer (2003)

A simple method capable of generating and investigating various solvent clusters and solvated ions was developed. The technique opens a door to studying these complexes on commercially available instruments. Formation of the desired solvated ion in the gas phase was achieved by introducing the appropriate volatile solvent vapour into the curtain gas stream. Capabilities of the technique are illustrated by generating alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal cations solvated by various volatile compounds such as water, methanol and acetonitrile. Depending on the ligands and on the experimental conditions, clusters of 2-100 molecules may be observed. Isotope labelling suggests that these are formed by a re-solvation process in the curtain gas region.
Single-mode hollow-core fiber for portable acetylene sub-Doppler frequency reference (2014)

A newly-developed, single-mode hollow-core fiber is employed for saturated absorption spectroscopy in a molecular gas. Lack of surface modes, ease of angle splicing, and single-modedness make it promising for portable frequency references.
Fungal oxylipins direct programmed developmental switches in filamentous fungi (2020)

Filamentous fungi differentiate along complex developmental programs directed by abiotic and biotic signals. Currently, intrinsic signals that govern fungal development remain largely unknown. Here we show that an endogenously produced and secreted fungal oxylipin, 5,8-diHODE, induces fungal cellular differentiation, including lateral branching in pathogenic Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus, and appressorium formation in the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. The Aspergillus branching response is specific to a subset of oxylipins and is signaled through G-protein coupled receptors. RNA-Seq profiling shows differential expression of many transcription factors in response to 5,8-diHODE. Screening of null mutants of 33 of those transcription factors identifies three transcriptional regulators that appear to mediate the Aspergillus branching response; one of the mutants is locked in a hypo-branching phenotype, while the other two mutants display a hyper-branching phenotype. Our work reveals an endogenous signal that triggers crucial developmental processes in filamentous fungi, and opens new avenues for research on the morphogenesis of filamentous fungi.
ChemInform Abstract: Maximizing Ligand Intermeshing in Phosphine Complexes: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of cis‐Cl2Pt(PCy3)2. (1989)

Abstract The title complex (III), crystallizing in P2 1 /n with Z=4, is the first example of the exclusive formation of the cis isomer of such a simple Pt(II) complex containing bulky phosphine ligands.
IP-Based Video Modem Extender Requirements (2003)

Visualization is one of the keys to understanding large complex data sets such as those generated by the large computing resources purchased and developed by the Advanced Simulation and Computing program (aka ASCI). In order to be convenient to researchers, visualization data must be distributed to offices and large complex visualization theaters. Currently, local distribution of the visual data is accomplished by distance limited modems and RGB switches that simply do not scale to hundreds of users across the local, metropolitan, and WAN distances without incurring large costs in fiber plant installation and maintenance. Wide Area application over the DOE Complex is infeasible using these limited distance RGB extenders. On the other hand, Internet Protocols (IP) over Ethernet is a scalable well-proven technology that can distribute large volumes of data over these distances. Visual data has been distributed at lower resolutions over IP in industrial applications. This document describes requirements of the ASCI program in visual signal distribution for the purpose of identifying industrial partners willing to develop products to meet ASCI's needs.
ARMC5 regulates SIRT1 expression in adrenocortical cells (2023)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Electrically Driven Flow near a Colloidal Particle Close to an Electrode with a Faradaic Current (2007)

To elucidate the nature of processes involved in electrically driven particle aggregation in steady fields, flows near a charged spherical colloidal particle next to an electrode were studied. Electrical body forces in diffuse layers near the electrode and the particle surface drive an axisymmetric flow with two components. One is electroosmotic flow (EOF) driven by the action of the applied field on the equilibrium diffuse charge layer near the particle. The other is electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow arising from the action of the applied field on charge induced in the electrode polarization layer. The EOF component is proportional to the current density and the particle surface (zeta) potential, whereas our scaling analysis shows that the EHD component scales as the product of the current density and applied potential. Under certain conditions, both flows are directed toward the particle, and a superposition of flows from two nearby particles provides a mechanism for aggregation. Analytical calculations of the two flow fields in the limits of infinitesimal double layers and slowly varying current indicate that the EOF and EHD flow are of comparable magnitude near the particle whereas in the far field the EHD flow along the electrode is predominant. Moreover, the dependence of EHD flow on the applied potential provides a possible explanation for the increased variability in aggregation velocities observed at higher field strengths.
TNFα decreases αMHC expression by a NO mediated pathway: role of E-box transcription factors for cardiomyocyte specific gene regulation (2002)

The present study shows that TNFalpha reduces alphaMHC transcript levels in cardiomyocytes. Our data obtained in cultured CM and in TNFalpha transgenic mice support the notion that TNFalpha exerts these effects by NO and E-box dependent mechanisms in vitro and possibly in vivo.
MATRIX PENCIL METHODS FOR 2-D FREQUENCY ESTIMATION (1996)

The problem of estimating two-dimensional frequencies of multiple sinusoids embedded in noise is addressed. A variant of the recently reported matrix pencil method is proposed. Numerical results that provide insights into the perturbation deviations of the estimated two-dimensional frequencies are given for both methods. The variant method is shown to be computationally much more efficient than the original method while their accuracies are comparable.
Practical verification of decision-making in agent-based autonomous systems (2014)

We present a verification methodology for analysing the decision-making component in agent-based hybrid systems. Traditionally hybrid automata have been used to both implement and verify such systems, but hybrid automata based modelling, programming and verification techniques scale poorly as the complexity of discrete decision-making increases making them unattractive in situations where complex logical reasoning is required. In the programming of complex systems it has, therefore, become common to separate out logical decision-making into a separate, discrete, component. However, verification techniques have failed to keep pace with this development. We are exploring agent-based logical components and have developed a model checking technique for such components which can then be composed with a separate analysis of the continuous part of the hybrid system. Among other things this allows program model checkers to be used to verify the actual implementation of the decision-making in hybrid autonomous systems.
Effect of electric motor efficiency and sizing on the energy efficiency in pumping systems (2016)

Energy efficiency in pumping is affected by the motor efficiency. This paper studies the applicability of common electric motor types to an industrial pumping system by comparing the motor efficiency characteristics with each other, and by analysing how the motor efficiency and sizing affect the resulting pumping system energy consumption with a standard load profile. The objective of the paper is to provide guidance on the motor sizing, so the most energy efficient alternative will be selected to the given pumping system.
Delivery of nasal drops to the middle meatus: which is the best head position? (2001)

We recommend that the 'Mygind' or 'Ragan' position should be used for nasal drop administration.
LKB1/STK11 Inactivation Leads to Expansion of a Prometastatic Tumor Subpopulation in Melanoma (2020)

Germline mutations in LKB1 (STK11) are associated with the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), which includes aberrant mucocutaneous pigmentation, and somatic LKB1 mutations occur in 10% of cutaneous melanoma. By somatically inactivating Lkb1 with K-Ras activation (±p53 loss) in murine melanocytes, we observed variably pigmented and highly metastatic melanoma with 100% penetrance. LKB1 deficiency resulted in increased phosphorylation of the SRC family kinase (SFK) YES, increased expression of WNT target genes, and expansion of a CD24+ cell population, which showed increased metastatic behavior in vitro and in vivo relative to isogenic CD24− cells. These results suggest that LKB1 inactivation in the context of RAS activation facilitates metastasis by inducing an SFK-dependent expansion of a prometastatic, CD24+ tumor subpopulation.