gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aluminum thiolate complexes of porphyrin as excellent initiators for Lewis acid-assisted high-speed living polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum thiolate complexes of porphyrin as excellent initiators for Lewis acid-assisted high-speed living polymerization of methyl methacrylateTakato Adachi, Hiroshi Sugimoto, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 6, 1238–1243Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00058a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00058a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from The <i>MCT4</i> Gene: A Novel, Potential Target for Therapy of Advanced Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a major challenge in the clinic. Androgen receptor signaling–directed strategies are not curative in CRPC therapy, and new strategies targeting alternative, key cancer properties are needed. Using reprogrammed glucose metabolism (aerobic glycolysis), cancer cells typically secrete excessive amounts of lactic acid into their microenvironment, promoting cancer development, survival, and progression. Cellular lactic acid secretion is thought to be predominantly mediated by MCT4, a plasma membrane transporter protein. As such, the &lt;i&gt;MCT4&lt;/i&gt; gene provides a unique, potential therapeutic target for cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; A tissue microarray of various Gleason grade human prostate cancers was stained for MCT4 protein. Specific, &lt;i&gt;MCT4&lt;/i&gt;-targeting antisense oligonucleotides (MCT4 ASO) were designed and candidate MCT4 ASOs checked for effects on (i) MCT4 expression, lactic acid secretion/content, glucose consumption, glycolytic gene expression, and proliferation of human CRPC cells and (ii) growth of PC-3 tumors in nude mice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Elevated MCT4 expression was associated with human CRPC and an earlier time to relapse. The treatment of PC-3, DU145, and C4-2 CRPC cultures with candidate MCT4 ASOs led to marked inhibition of MCT4 expression, lactic acid secretion, to increased intracellular lactic acid levels, and markedly reduced aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation. Treatment of PC-3 tumor-bearing nude mice with the MCT4 ASOs markedly inhibited tumor growth without inducing major host toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;MCT4&lt;/i&gt;-targeting ASOs that inhibit lactic acid secretion may be useful for therapy of CRPC and other cancers, as they can interfere with reprogrammed energy metabolism of cancers, an emerging hallmark of cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2721–33. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Overview of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (2021)

Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) algorithms are not only the fastest growing areas but also provide endless possibilities in many different science and engineering disciplines including computer communication networks. These technologies are used by billions of people. Any person who has a smartphone can tangibly experience advances in communication networks, social media, natural language processing, and computer vision that were not possible just 10 years ago. Research is therefore needed to understand and improve the potential and suitability of AI/ML in general for communications and networking technologies, but also in particular for systems and networks operations and management.
Novel method for vector mixer characterization and mixer test system vector error correction (2003)

This paper presents a novel method for characterizing RF mixers, yielding magnitude and phase response for input match, output match, and conversion loss, and works for mixers which have reciprocal conversion loss and for which the image response can be filtered out. The characterized mixer is used to accomplish a full vector correction of a mixer test system, which can measure other mixers that are not reciprocal. A key contribution is phase and absolute group delay measurements of the mixer-under-test.
Helicity-Selective Enhancement and Polarization Control of Attosecond High Harmonic Waveforms Driven by Bichromatic Circularly Polarized Laser Fields (2017)

High harmonics driven by two-color counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields are a unique source of bright, circularly polarized, extreme ultraviolet, and soft x-ray beams, where the individual harmonics themselves are completely circularly polarized. Here, we demonstrate the ability to preferentially select either the right or left circularly polarized harmonics simply by adjusting the relative intensity ratio of the bichromatic circularly polarized driving laser field. In the frequency domain, this significantly enhances the harmonic orders that rotate in the same direction as the higher-intensity driving laser. In the time domain, this helicity-dependent enhancement corresponds to control over the polarization of the resulting attosecond waveforms. This helicity control enables the generation of circularly polarized high harmonics with a user-defined polarization of the underlying attosecond bursts. In the future, this technique should allow for the production of bright highly elliptical harmonic supercontinua as well as the generation of isolated elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.
Bombesin, neuromedin B and neuromedin C interact with a common rat pancreatic phosphoinositide-coupled receptor, but are differentially regulated by guanine nucleotides (1991)

Bombesin (BB), neuromedin C (NMC) and neuromedin B (NMB) stimulated amylase secretion to similar maximum levels, with EC50 values (concentrations causing 50% of maximum effect) of 0.2, 0.3 and 2 nM respectively. Treatment of pancreatic acini with BB or NMB (10 nM) for 30 min resulted in cross-desensitization of secretory responses to subsequent BB and NMB, but not to acetylcholine, which suggests that NMB and BB activate the same receptor. BB, NMC and NMB stimulated production of similar maximum amounts of inositol mono-, bis- and tris-phosphates, with EC50 values of 3, 5 and 141 nM respectively. The bombesin receptor antagonist [Leu13-psi(CH2NH)Leu14]BB inhibited stimulation of amylase secretion and inositol phosphate formation by BB, NMC and NMB. Binding of 125I-labelled gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP; 200 pM) to rat pancreatic membranes at 22 degrees C was inhibited with relative potencies and IC50 (concn. causing 50% of maximal inhibition; nM) as follows: NMC (0.4) = BB (0.5) greater than NMB (1.8 = GRP (2.6). IC50 values for BB, NMC and NMB inhibition of 125I-GRP binding to intact acini were 5-, 19- and 68-fold higher than their respective values in membranes. The guanine nucleotide analogue guanosine 5'-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate (Gpp[NH]p) produced rightward shifts of NMC and NMB competition curves by 3.5- and 16-fold respectively, but had little effect on the BB and GRP curves. Elevation of the temperature to 37 degrees C or inclusion of NaCl (40 mM) produced quantitatively similar effects to those of Gpp[NH]p. In the presence of both NaCl and Gpp[NH]p the affinities of peptides for membrane receptors were similar to those for intact cells. Modulation of NMB competition curves by Gpp[NH]p was not attenuated by prior treatment of acini with activated pertussis toxin. These results suggest that BB, NMB and NMC stimulate pancreatic secretion by interaction with a common phosphoinositide-linked receptor. Differences in guanine nucleotide regulation suggest that secretagogue-induced receptor-protein interactions may not be identical for NMB and BB.
First Observation of Quamtum Splitting Behavior in Nanocrystalline SrAl12O19:Pr, Mg Phosphor. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Design and Analysis of a Gilbert Analog Multiplier for Input Dynamic Range optimization (2020)

In this paper, the design of a Gilbert analog multiplier is presented from design equations for input dynamic range optimization to measurement results, these last being obtained in the context of a square function dedicated to analog signal processing. The full circuit has been implemented using an AMS 0.35μm technology with a voltage supply (VDD) of 3.3V. Assuming a differential input voltage of +/-400mV with a common voltage of VDD/2, it is able to compute the square value of its differential input voltage with a mean precision of 2.92% in 5μs. Finally, the analog multiplier itself has a core area of 620μm2 and offers power-gating capability, which enables a power consumption of 2.28μW when a duty cycle of 0.25% is considered.
Spontaneous Vesicle Formation in a Block Copolymer System (2004)

We have investigated the formation of vesicles in the binary system of a triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) with the average composition EO5PO68EO5 in water. Vesicles are formed when a solution of unimers is heated into a two-phase region where, at equilibrium, a concentrated lamellar phase coexists with a dilute solution of unimers. The vesicles were characterized by cryo-TEM, static and dynamic light scattering, and NMR experiments. The average vesicle radius is approximately 60 nm, with an exponential size distribution, and the concentration of vesicles depends strongly on the temperature. The vesicles remain stationary on the time scale of hours. A striking observation is that, on this time scale, both the vesicle size distribution and the concentration of vesicles are reversible with respect to temperature cycles. However, on the time scale of weeks a sedimentation is observed in the solutions.
On Interprocess Communication-Part I: Basic Formalism, Part II: Algorithms (2016)

Most computer scientists regard synchronization problems, such as the mutual exclusion problem, to be problems of mathematics. How can you use one class of mathematical objects, like atomic reads and writes, to implement some other mathematical object, like a mutual exclusion algorithm? I have always regarded synchronization problems to be problems of physics. How do you use physical objects, like registers, to achieve physical goals, like not having two processes active at the same time? With the discovery of the bakery algorithm (see [12]), I began considering the question of how two processes communicate. I came to the conclusion that asynchronous communication requires some object whose state can be changed by one process and observed by the other. We call such an object a register. This paper introduced three classes of registers. The weakest class with which arbitrary synchronization is possible is called safe. The next strongest is called regular and the strongest, generally assumed by algorithm writers, is called atomic. I had obtained all the results presented here in the late 70s and had described them to a number of computer scientists. Nobody found them interesting, so I never wrote them up. Around 1984, I saw a paper by Jay Misra, motivated by VLSI, that was heading in the general direction of my results. It made me realize that, because VLSI had started people thinking about synchronization from a more physical perspective, they might now be interested in my results about registers. So, I wrote this paper. As with [61a][61b], the first part describes my formalism for describing systems with nonatomic operations. This time, people were interested–perhaps because it raised the enticing unsolved problem of implementing multi-reader and multi-writer atomic registers. It led to a brief flurry of atomic register papers. Fred Schneider was the editor who processed this paper. He kept having trouble understanding the proof of my atomic register construction. After a couple of rounds of filling in the details of the steps that Schneider couldn’t follow, I discovered that the algorithm was incorrect. Fortunately, I was able to fix the algorithm and write a proof that he, I, and, as far as I know, all subsequent readers did believe. Some fifteen years later, Jerry James, a member of the EECS department at the University of Kansas, discovered a small error in Proposition 1 when formalizing the proofs with the PVS mechanical verification system. He proved a corrected version of the proposition and showed how that version could be used in place of the original one. A pdf file containing a note by James describing the error and its correction can be viewed under the ‘Related Items’ tab.
Regulation of STRA13 by the von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein, Hypoxia, and the UBC9/Ubiquitin Proteasome Degradation Pathway (2001)

In this study, we focus on different modes of regulation of STRA13, a human ortholog of the mouse basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional factor, previously identified by us as a new von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene (VHL) target. The gene was overexpressed in VHL-deficient cell lines and tumors, specifically clear cell renal carcinomas and hemangioblastomas. Introduction of wild type VHL transgene into clear cell renal carcinoma restored low level expression of STRA13. Overexpression was also detected in many common malignancies with an intact VHL gene, suggesting the existence of another, VHL-independent pathway of STRA13 regulation. Similar to many other von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor protein (pVHL) targets, the expression of STRA13 on the mRNA level was hypoxia-sensitive, indicating oxygen-dependent regulation of the gene, presumably through the pVHL/hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway. The yeast two-hybrid screening revealed interaction of the STRA13 protein with the human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC9) protein, the specificity of which was confirmed in mammalian cells. By adding the proteasome inhibitor acetyl-leucinyl-leucinyl-norleucinal, we demonstrated that the 26 S proteasome pathway regulates the stability of pSTRA13. Co-expression of STRA13 and UBC9 led to an increase of the pSTRA13 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These data established that UBC9/STRA13 association in cells is of physiological importance, presenting direct proof of UBC9 involvement in the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of pSTRA13. Hypoxia treatment of mammalian cells transiently expressing STRA13 protein showed that stability of pSTRA13 is not affected by hypoxia or VHL. Thus, STRA13, a new pVHL target, is regulated in cells on multiple levels. We propose that STRA13 may play a critical role in carcinogenesis, since it is a potent transcriptional regulator, abundant in a variety of common tumors.
Smart Materials Enabled with Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare Wearables (2021)

Abstract Contemporary medicine suffers from many shortcomings in terms of successful disease diagnosis and treatment, both of which rely on detection capacity and timing. The lack of effective, reliable, and affordable detection and real‐time monitoring limits the affordability of timely diagnosis and treatment. A new frontier that overcomes these challenges relies on smart health monitoring systems that combine wearable sensors and an analytical modulus. This review presents the latest advances in smart materials for the development of multifunctional wearable sensors while providing a bird's eye‐view of their characteristics, functions, and applications. The review also presents the state‐of‐the‐art on wearables fitted with artificial intelligence (AI) and support systems for clinical decision in early detection and accurate diagnosis of disorders. The ongoing challenges and future prospects for providing personal healthcare with AI‐assisted support systems relating to clinical decisions are presented and discussed.
Digital RF Processor Techniques for Single-Chip Radios (Invited) (2006)

Abstract — RF circuits for multi-GHz frequencies have recently migrated to low-cost digital deep-submicron CMOS processes. Unfortunately, this process environment, which is optimized only for digital logic and SRAM memory, is extremely unfriendly for conventional analog and RF designs. We present fundamental techniques recently developed that transform the RF and analog circuit design complexity to digital domain for a wireless RF transceiver, so that it enjoys the benefits of digital approach, such as process node scaling and design automation. All-digital phase locked loop, all-digital control of phase and amplitude of a polar transmitter, and direct RF sampling techniques allow great flexibility in reconfigurable radio design. Digital signal processing concepts are used to help relieve analog design complexity, allowing one to reduce cost and power consumption in a reconfigurable design environment. VHDL hardware description language is universally used throughout this SoC. The ideas presented have been used in Texas Instruments to develop two generations of commercial digital RF processors: a single-chip Bluetooth radio and a single-chip GSM radio. I.
Terraplenes y balasto en Alta Velocidad Ferroviaria. Segunda parte: Los trazados de Alta Velocidad en otros paises (2006)

Using a technique for measuring brain activity simultaneously from two people, known as hyperscanning, we can calculate inter-brain neural effects that appear only in interactions between individuals. Hyperscanning studies using fMRI are advantageous in that they can precisely determine the region(s) involved in inter-brain effects. However, it is almost impossible to record inter-brain effects in daily life. By contrast, hyperscanning EEG studies have high temporal resolution and could be used to capture moment-to-moment interactions. In addition, EEG instrumentation is portable and easy to wear, offering the opportunity to record inter-brain effects during daily-life interactions. However, the disadvantage of this approach is that it is difficult to localize the epicenter of the inter-brain effect. fNIRS has better temporal resolution and portability than fMRI, but has limited spatial resolution and a limited ability to record deep brain structures. Future studies should employ hyperscanning EEG-fMRI, because this approach combines the high temporal resolution of EEG with the high spatial resolution of fMRI. Hyperscanning EEG-fMRI allows us to use inter-brain effects as neuromarkers of the properties of social interactions in daily life. We also wish to emphasize the need to develop a mathematical model explaining how two brains can exhibit synchronized activity.
The current state of preclinical prostate cancer animal models (2020)

Prostate cancer continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in men around the world. The field of prostate cancer research continues to be hindered by the lack of relevant preclinical models to study tumorigenesis and to further development of effective prevention and therapeutic strategies. The Prostate Cancer Foundation held a Prostate Cancer Models Working Group (PCMWG) Summit on August 6th and 7th, 2007 to address these issues. The PCMWG reviewed the state of prostate cancer preclinical models and identified the current limitations of cell line, xenograft and genetically engineered mouse models that have hampered the transition of scientific findings from these models to human clinical trials. In addition the PCMWG identified administrative issues that inhibit the exchange of models and impede greater interactions between academic centers and these centers with industry. The PCMWG identified potential solutions for discovery bottlenecks that include: (1) insufficient number of models with insufficient molecular and biologic diversity to reflect human cancer, (2) a lack of understanding of the molecular events that define tumorigenesis, (3) a lack of tools for studying tumor–host interactions, (4) difficulty in accessing model systems across institutions, and (5) addressing why preclinical studies appear not to be predictive of human clinical trials. It should be possible to apply the knowledge gained molecular and epigenetic studies to develop new cell lines and models that mimic progressive and fatal prostate cancer and ultimately improve interventions.
Influence of Ferrous Sulfate on the Solubility, Partition Coefficient, and Stability of Mycophenolic Acid and the Ester Mycophenolate Mofetil (2002)

Studies were performed to (1) evaluate whether the presence of iron affected the physicochemical properties of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and mycophenolic acid (MPA), and (2) determine whether alteration of these properties was indicative of formation of an MMF-iron complex. The solubility, stability (chemical reactivity), and partitioning properties of MMF and MPA were evaluated over a pH range of 2-7 in the presence and absence of ferrous sulfate. In addition, the solubility and partitioning properties of MMF were assessed after the MMF drug product, CellCept capsules, was combined with an iron tablet (Fero-Gradumet, ferrous sulfate, tablets). The results of studies showed that: The solubility of MMF in the presence of ferrous sulfate was generally unaffected over a pH range of 2-7; a small increase in solubility was observed in pH 5.2 buffer solution. The solubility of MPA decreased in pH 5.2 and 7.0 buffer solutions. Both MMF and MPA were more stable in the presence of ferrous sulfate at pH 2.0; ferrous sulfate had no effect on the stability of MMF and MPA at pH 7.0. Overall, the partitioning of MMF and MPA was unaffected by the addition of ferrous sulfate. The solubility and partitioning of MMF from CellCept capsules combined with Fero-Gradumet (ferrous sulfate) tablets showed a twofold increase in aqueous solubility of MMF as well as increased concentration of MMF in both the n-octanol and aqueous phases, leading to a decrease in the octanol/water partition coefficient due to a reduction in pH of the aqueous phase. Based on these results, it was concluded that the physicochemical properties of MMF and MPA were generally not affected by the presence of ferrous sulfate. Further, the presence of ferrous sulfate did not suggest the formation of an MMF-iron complex.