gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arraying of Intact Liposomes into Chemically Functionalized Microwells (2006)

Here, we describe a protocol to bind individual, intact phospholipid bilayer liposomes, which are on the order of 1 microm in diameter, in microwells etched in a regular array on a silicon oxide substrate. The diameter of the wells is on the order of the liposome diameter, so only one liposome is located in each well. The background of the silicon oxide surface is functionalized with a PEG oligomer using the contact printing of a PEG silane to present a surface that resists the adsorption of proteins, lipid material, and liposomes. The interiors of the wells are functionalized with an aminosilane to facilitate the conjugation of biotin, which is then bound to Neutravidin. The avidin-coated well interiors bind the liposomes whose surfaces contain biotinylated lipids. The specific binding of the liposomes to the surface using the biotin-avidin linkage, together with the resistant nature of the background and the physical confinement of the wells, allows the liposomes to remain intact and to not unravel, rupture, and fuse onto the surface. We demonstrate this intact arraying using confocal laser scanning microscopy of fluorophores specifically tagging the microwells, the lipid bilayer, and the aqueous interior of the liposome.
Mass Spectrometry of Macromolecules: Has Its Time Now Come? (1994)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
Repair of DNA Alkylation Damage by the Escherichia coli Adaptive AlkB as Studied by ESI-TOF Mass Spectrometry (2010)

DNA alkylation can cause mutations, epigenetic changes, and even cell death. All living organisms have evolved enzymatic and non-enzymatic strategies for repairing such alkylation damage. AlkB, one of the Escherichia coli adaptive response proteins, uses an α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent mechanism that, by chemical oxidation, removes a variety of alkyl lesions from DNA, thus affording protection of the genome against alkylation. In an effort to understand the range of acceptable substrates for AlkB, the enzyme was incubated with chemically synthesized oligonucleotides containing alkyl lesions, and the reaction products were analyzed by electrospray ionization time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Consistent with the literature, but studied comparatively here for the first time, it was found that 1-methyladenine, 1,N6-ethenoadenine, 3-methylcytosine, and 3-ethylcytosine were completely transformed by AlkB, while 1-methylguanine and 3-methylthymine were partially repaired. The repair intermediates (epoxide and possibly glycol) of 3,N4-ethenocytosine are reported for the first time. It is also demonstrated that O6-methylguanine and 5-methylcytosine are refractory to AlkB, lending support to the hypothesis that AlkB repairs only alkyl lesions attached to the nitrogen atoms of the nucleobase. ESI-TOF mass spectrometry is shown to be a sensitive and efficient tool for probing the comparative substrate specificities of DNA repair proteins in vitro.
Supplementary Table 2 from DiSCoVERing Innovative Therapies for Rare Tumors: Combining Genetically Accurate Disease Models with <i>In Silico</i> Analysis to Identify Novel Therapeutic Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table listing the top hits of the three databases anlayzed with the DisCoVER method&lt;/p&gt;
P4‐035: Pazopanib is a Potential Therapeutic for Tauopathies (2016)

Tyrosine kinase inhibition is a novel approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative tauopathies. Pazopanib, an FDA-approved inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases VEGFR, PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β, and c-KIT is a potential therapy for treatment of tauopathies. Pazopanib levels were measured by ultra high performance liquid chromatography. For drug treatment, Tg4510 and non-transgenic littermates were treated with 5mg/kg pazopanib or vehicle (DMSO) intraperitoneally (IP) for 4 weeks. Phosphorylated tau levels were measured by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in brain homogenates, and immunohistochemistry in 20μm brain sections, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Serum was collected to assess kidney and liver function, as measured by creatinine, ALT, AST, and BUN. Pharmacokinetic analysis shows pazopanib penetrates the brain at approximately 50% of the clinical dose for renal cell carcinoma, following a single IP. Following pazopanib treatment, Tg4510 mice showed significant decreases in levels of phosphorylated tau (AT180, p-Tau T181). There were no significant differences in weight, kidney, or liver function between treatment groups. Pazopanib (5mg/kg) is a safe, well-tolerated drug that significantly decreases levels of phosphorylated Tau in Tg4510 mice.
Total selenium in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April 2009 (2009)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (F) as follows:
Electronic Excited States of Tetracyanonickelate(II) (2006)

We revisit the assignment of the absorption spectrum of tetracyanonickelate(II) by calculating energies of excitations with time-dependent density functional theory. Our results give strong evidence that the original assignment of the spectrum is only partially correct. We thus propose an alternative assignment consistent with our theoretical calculations and all available experimental evidence. In particular, we reassign the bands at 22 400 and 32 300 cm(-1) to the (1)A(1g) --> (3)A(2g) (b(2g) --> b(1g)) and (1)A(1g) --> (1)A(2g) (b(2g) --> b(1g)) excitations.
Estimation of Cardiovascular Risk Predictors from Non-Invasively Measured Diametric Pulse Volume Waveforms via Multiple Measurement Information Fusion (2018)

This paper presents a novel multiple measurement information fusion approach to the estimation of cardiovascular risk predictors from non-invasive pulse volume waveforms measured at the body's diametric (arm and ankle) locations. Leveraging the fact that diametric pulse volume waveforms originate from the common central pulse waveform, the approach estimates cardiovascular risk predictors in three steps by: (1) deriving lumped-parameter models of the central-diametric arterial lines from diametric pulse volume waveforms, (2) estimating central blood pressure waveform by analyzing the diametric pulse volume waveforms using the derived arterial line models, and (3) estimating cardiovascular risk predictors (including central systolic and pulse pressures, pulse pressure amplification, and pulse transit time) from the arterial line models and central blood pressure waveform in conjunction with the diametric pulse volume waveforms. Experimental results obtained from 164 human subjects with a wide blood pressure range (systolic 144 mmHg and diastolic 103 mmHg) showed that the approach could estimate cardiovascular risk predictors accurately (r ≥ 0.78). Further analysis showed that the approach outperformed a generalized transfer function regardless of the degree of pulse pressure amplification. The approach may be integrated with already available medical devices to enable convenient out-of-clinic cardiovascular risk prediction.
An Upper Bound for the Equilibrium Mean Wait in a Stationary GI/G/1 Queue (1977)

Various bounds have been proposed for the mean value of the equilibrium waiting time random variable, E{W}, in a stationary GI/G/1 queueing system. In this note we establish a new upper bound which is derived using a convexity argument similar to that of Marshall (Marshall, K. T. 1968. Some inequalities in queueing. Oper. Res. 16 651–665.) but applied to an algebraic expression for E{W} previously used by Kingman (Kingman, J. F. C. 1962. Some inequalities for the queue GI/G/1. Biometrika 49 315–324.), This bound and others have been compared numerically in a variety of systems; two graphs are presented to illustrate the results of such computations.
4H-SiC Avalanche Photodiodes for 280 nm UV Detection (2010)

We designed and fabricated 4H-SiC PIN avalanche photodiodes (APD) for UV detection. The thickness of an intrinsic layer in a PIN structure was optimized in order to achieve the highest quantum efficiency at the wavelength of interest. The optimized 4H-SiC PIN APDs exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of > 80% at the wavelength of 280nm and a gain greater than 40000. Both electrical and optical characteristics of the fabricated APDs were in agreement with those predicted from simulation.
Out-of-cell channel statistics at 5.2 GHz (2006)

In this paper we analyze the statistics of widely-used channel parameters (like path loss, rms delay spread and excess delay) at 5.2 GHz in an urban scenario. For this purpose we evaluate broadband time-variant channel measurements. Succeeding we present the results split into two scenario groups, consisting of LOS and NLOS components and NLOS component solely. Within the evaluation, the widely accepted COST207 value of 1 μs as a maximum excess delay for the micro-cell environment can be verified. Furthermore we determine model parameters fitting the empirical distributions best (under least squares conditions), which can be used easily for channel modeling purpose.
Trellis Decoding: From Algorithm to Flexible Architectures (2007)

Trellis decoding is a popular method to recover encoded information corrupted during transmission over a noisy channel. Prominent members of this class of decoding algorithms are the Viterbi algorithm, which provides maximum likelihood estimates, and the BCJR algorithm, which is a maximum a posteriori estimator commonly used in iterative decoding. In this thesis, the Viterbi algorithm is chosen since it provides a good trade-off between achievable coding gain and implementation complexity. This is the basis for considerations on simplified, hybrid, and, most importantly, flexible VLSI architectures. Algorithm simplifications are necessary to reduce the computational burden laid on an implementation platform. In our work on trellis decoding blocks, a simplification that lowers the number of arithmetic operations is derived and evaluated. By using a complementary code property, the arithmetic complexity of the main part on the Viterbi algorithm is reduced by 17%. Synthesized blocks show varying savings for cell area and estimated power consumption. A comparison to a competing simplification shows the advantage in a hardware implementation of our work for the important class of rate 1/2 convolutional codes. Hybrid architectures try to combine benefits of several approaches to lower the drawbacks of the individual contributors. For survivor path processing in Viterbi decoders, a new hybrid approach is proposed. A low-latency algorithm, whose implementation complexity quickly increases with the number of trellis states, is combined with a scalable RAM-based method. As a result, the developed hybrid architecture exhibits a better latency-complexity behavior compared to other hybrid approaches. Flexible VLSI architectures to cover several communication standards become increasingly important as fabrication costs for microchips rise rapidly with every new process generation. In the context of flexible trellis decoding, earlier work mostly concentrated on varying encoder memory and thus the number of trellis states. This work studies the effects on hardware size and throughput introduced by flexibility if the code rate is varied. The investigation of a decoder for bandwidth-efficient codes, which was fabricated in a 0.13 um digital CMOS process and verified for functionality, distinguishes between task- and rate-flexibility. A comparison is carried out between flexible designs, which decode both convolutional and TCM codes and provide two or three transmission rates. It is concluded that the larger number of rates is more beneficial from a cost--flexibility viewpoint.
Analysis of native and chemically modified oligonucleotides by tandem ion‐pair reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2003)

Ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-RP-HPLC) was utilized in tandem with negative-ion electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOFMS) for the analysis of native and chemically modified oligonucleotides. Separation was performed on a 1.0 x 50 mm column packed with porous C(18) sorbent with a particle size of 2.5 microm and an average pore diameter of 140 A. A method was developed which maximizes both chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric sensitivity using an optimized buffer system containing triethylamine and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol with a methanol gradient. The ESI-TOFMS tuning parameters were also optimized in order to minimize in-source fragmentation and achieve the best sensitivity. Analyses of native, phosphorothioate, and guanine-rich oligonucleotides were performed by LC/MS. Detection limits were at sub-picomole levels with an average mass accuracy of 125 ppm. The described method allowed for the LC/MS analysis of oligonucleotides up to 110mer in length with little alkali cation adduction. Since sensitive detection of oligonucleotides was achieved with ultraviolet (UV) detection, we utilized a combination of UV-MS for quantitation (UV) and characterization (MS) of oligonucleotides and their failure sequence fragments/metabolites.
A Three Dimensional Model for Dual Polarized MIMO Channel of the Planar Array Antennas (2013)

Geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) that describes the excess delay, direction of arrival, and direction of departure of multipath has been used extensively in multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) channel modeling. Many two dimensional and very few three dimensional (3D) GBSMs with linear array antennas have appeared in the literature. The models lack properties of the 3D channel for dual polarized planar array antennas, which are practically used in MIMO systems due to its applicability to space division multiple access (SDMA) or beamforming in three spatial dimensions. In this paper, we propose the 3D channel model for dual polarized planar array antennas where the departure and arrival angles are modeled in both azimuth and elevation. We derive the closed form expression of the channel coefficients. Using the proposed channel coefficient, we investigate the effect of azimuth and elevation angular spread on channel capacity.
Supplementary Methods and Table from A Phase I Trial of the VEGF Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Pazopanib in Combination with the MEK Inhibitor Trametinib in Advanced Solid Tumors and Differentiated Thyroid Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Statistical futility analysis&lt;/p&gt;
146: Clusterin is a Ubiquitin Binding Protein Involved in Murr1 and 1-KB Proteasomal Degradation to Confer Cell Survival in Prostate Cancer (2007)

Sr 100 ~g/ml4hrs
Frequency doubling of ultrashort pulses in a Ti:sapphire laser (2002)

Frequency doubling the 800-850 nm fundamental of Ti:sapphire lasers may make possible pulses of unprecedented short duration in the blue. Both intracavity and extracavity femtosecond pulses from Ti:sapphire and CPM lasers have been demonstrated. Intracavity doubling is more difficult, but it has the advantage of much higher power in the KH/sub 2/PO/sub 4/ doubling crystal, and therefore, much higher efficiency. To date, the shortest pulses generated using intracavity doubling are 54 fs at 430 nm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
AFTS 로봇 시뮬레이터를 이용한 전문 태권도화 아웃솔 형태에 따른 발차기 동작의 수행력 비교연구 (2007)

The purpose of the study is to make compartive rssearch of mechanical friction and taekwondo performance. we make an experiment on the taekwon performacne test, AFTS(Automated Footwear Testion System) and questionaire for the fitting. Depend on taekwondo shoes the result of mechanical frction was significant difference statistically on all the types. In the round house kick there were significant difference statistically in the peak free moment and peak plnatar pressure between type A and type B. In comfort testing there were significant difference statistically between type A and Type B in the five fields(overall comfort, Forefoot cushioning, Upper cushioning, Stability, Traction) but not between type B and Type C. Depend on Taekwondo shoes mechanical frction was significant difference statistically but had not an effect on taekwondo performacne and It had nothting to do between the result of questionare and taekwondo performance.
Single-Crystalline Ferroelectric Thin Films by Ion Implantation and Direct Wafer Bonding (2003)

Layer splitting by helium and/or hydrogen implantation and wafer bonding was applied to transfer thin single-crystalline ferroelectric layers onto different substrates. The optimum conditions for achieving blistering/splitting after post-implantation annealing were experimentally obtained for LiNbO3, LaAlO3, SrTiO3 single crystals and PLZT ceramic. Under certain implantation conditions large area exfoliation instead of blistering occurs after annealing of as-implanted substrates. Small area single-crystalline layer transfer was successfully achieved.
Kinetics of base-catalyzed polymerization of epoxides in dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of base-catalyzed polymerization of epoxides in dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylphosphoric triamideCharles C. Price and Murali Krishna AkkapeddiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 11, 3972–3975Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00766a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00766a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views215Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polymorphism of Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)43− cluster: interactions of secondary ligands and their effect on solid state luminescence (2018)

We present the first example of polymorphism (cubic & trigonal) in single crystals of an atomically precise monolayer protected cluster, Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)43-. We demonstrate that C-Hπ interactions of the secondary ligands (TPP) are dominant in a cubic lattice compared to a trigonal lattice, resulting in a greater rigidity of the structure, which in turn, results in a higher luminescence efficiency in it.
CRISPR-Cas9–Mediated Modification of the NOD Mouse Genome With Ptpn22R619W Mutation Increases Autoimmune Diabetes (2016)

An allelic variant of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22), PTPN22(R620W), is strongly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in humans and increases the risk of T1D by two- to fourfold. The NOD mouse is a spontaneous T1D model that shares with humans many genetic pathways contributing to T1D. We hypothesized that the introduction of the murine orthologous Ptpn22(R619W) mutation to the NOD genome would enhance the spontaneous development of T1D. We microinjected CRISPR-Cas9 and a homology-directed repair template into NOD single-cell zygotes to introduce the Ptpn22(R619W) mutation to its endogenous locus. The resulting Ptpn22(R619W) mice showed increased insulin autoantibodies and earlier onset and higher penetrance of T1D. This is the first report demonstrating enhanced T1D in a mouse modeling human PTPN22(R620W) and the utility of CRISPR-Cas9 for direct genetic alternation of NOD mice.
Models of Variability and Circadian Rhythm in Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and QT Interval for Healthy Subjects Who Received Placebo in Phase I Trials (2019)

This work characterized the time-course, circadian rhythm, and inherent variability in key cardiovascular variables (heart rate, corrected QT interval, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure) that are routinely collected as part of safety monitoring in phase I trials. Longitudinal data from 1,035 healthy volunteers who received placebo in 65 single-dose and multiple-dose phase I trials conducted by AbbVie were compiled and analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. An independent nonlinear mixed-effects model was developed for each variable, and combinations of cosine functions were used to capture circadian oscillations. Gender, race, age, and body weight were significant covariates for variability in baseline measures, and the contributions of these covariates were quantitatively characterized. Based on the extensive data set analyzed, the developed models represent valuable tools to help contextualize and differentiate inherent variability that can be expected in a typical phase I setting from true drug-related cardiovascular safety signals. In addition, these placebo models can be used to support exposure-response analyses that estimate treatment-related effects on the evaluated cardiovascular measures.
Carbon dioxide separation through supported ionic liquids membranes in polymeric matrixes (2006)

As compared to other gas separation techniques, membranes have several advantages which can include low capital cost, relatively low energy usage and scalability. While it could be possible to synthesize the ideal polymer for membrane separation of carbon dioxide from fuel gas, it would be very intensive in terms of money and time. Supported liquid membranes allow the researcher to utilize the wealth of knowledge available on liquid properties. Ionic liquids, which can be useful in capturing CO2 from fuel gas because they posses high CO2 solubility in the ionic liquid relative to H2, are an excellent candidate for this type of membrane. Ionic liquids are not susceptible to evaporation due to their negligible vapor pressure and thus eliminate the main problem typically seen with supported liquid membranes. A study has been conducted evaluating the use of the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifuoromethylsulfonyl)imide in supported ionic liquid membranes for the capture of CO2 from streams containing H2. In a joint project, the ionic liquid was synthesized and characterized at the University of Notre Dame, incorporated into a polymeric matrix, and tested at the National Energy Technology Laboratory. Initial results have been very promising with calculated CO2 permeabilities as high as 950more » barrers and significant improvements in CO2/H2 selectivity over the unmodified polymer at 37 oC along with promising results at elevated temperatures. In addition to performance, the study included examining the choice of polymeric supports on performance and membrane stability in more realistic operating conditions. Also included in this study was an evaluation of novel approaches to incorporate the ionic liquid into polymer matrices to optimize the performance and stability of the membranes.« less