gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microarchitecture and implementation of the synergistic processor in 65-nm and 90-nm SOI (2007)

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of the original gaming-oriented synergistic processor element (SPE) in both 90-nm and 65-nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology and introduces a new SPE implementation targeted for the high-performance computing community. The Cell Broadband Engine™ processor contains eight SPEs. The dual-issue, four-way single-instruction multiple-data processor is designed to achieve high performance per area and power and is optimized to process streaming data, simulate physical phenomena, and render objects digitally. Most aspects of data movement and instruction flow are controlled by software to improve the performance of the memory system and the core performance density. The SPE was designed as an 11-FO4 (fan-out-of-4-inverter-delay) processor using 20.9 million transistors within 14.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> using the IBM 90-nm SOI low-k process. CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) static gates implement the majority of the logic. Dynamic circuits are used in critical areas and occupy 19% of the non-static random access memory (SRAM) area. Instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and physical implementation are tightly coupled to achieve a compact and power-efficient design. Correct operation has been observed at up to 5.6 GHz and 7.3 GHz, respectively, in 90-nm and 65-nm SOI technology.
Allgrove syndrome: an autosomal recessive syndrome of ACTH insensitivity, achalasia and alacrima (1991)

Allgrove syndrome (isolated glucocorticoid deficiency, achalasia and alacrima) was found in eight members of an inbred French Canadian/North American Indian pedigree. The high degree of consanguinity supports an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for this disorder. Six patients presented with hypoglycaemia and other evidence of cortisol deficiency between 2.5 and 8 years of age; however, two others became cortisol deficient after initial testing showed normal cortisol responses to ACTH, evidence that the glucocorticoid insufficiency of this syndrome may not be congenital, but may develop as late as the third decade. No evidence of mineralocorticoid deficiency has been found during 65 patient-years of follow-up. Alacrima was the earliest and most consistent clinical sign of Allgrove syndrome. Other manifestations of peripheral or autonomic neuropathy were found in four patients. The patients showed similar facial features, and three had significant velo-pharyngeal incompetence. All showed oesophageal dysmotility even in the absence of symptomatic dysphagia. In-vitro studies of lymphocyte ACTH binding showed no differences from normal controls. If such lymphocyte binding, as has been suggested, reflects adrenal ACTH receptor activity, these data would suggest that the glucocorticoid deficiency of Allgrove syndrome is not the result of a defect in that receptor. However, the observation that ACTH does not elicit increased adenylate cyclase activity even in normal lymphocytes casts considerable doubt on the physiological significance of ACTH binding to lymphocytes. It seems likely, therefore, that true ACTH receptors are not expressed on peripheral lymphocytes, and any conclusions regarding a possible receptor defect in Allgrove syndrome must await studies of receptor expression on adrenal cell membranes.
Investigation of tropospheric attenuations for UAS beyond-line-of-sight communications, and the ITU-R tropospheric attenuation model (2017)

The growth in use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) will require highly reliable control and non-payload communication (CNPC) links to ensure safety. In cases where UAS are beyond the range of a communication ground station (GS), an alternative communication path must be employed. The primary candidate for such beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) links is an air-satellite (AS) link. Wireless communication between a satellite and GS or satellite and aircraft can suffer severe fading due to tropospheric effects, and hence these effects must be quantified as accurately as possible for reliable CNPC link design. Although such tropospheric attenuation modeling is relatively mature, these attenuations have not been accurately modeled as a function of aircraft altitude, nor has attenuation variability been thoroughly studied. In this paper, tropospheric attenuation modeling for AS links is described and analyzed. After providing a brief discussion on background and related literature, we include a short description of the characteristics of tropospheric attenuation and its causes: hydrometeors and gases, and tropospheric inhomogeneities that cause scintillation. We discuss each attenuation component individually, and describe the most popular time series attenuation model from the ITU-R Recommendation P.1853. This model is based upon both atmospheric physics and several decades of experimental data from locations worldwide. We also describe a simulation implementation of this model, and provide example attenuation results and statistics for three temperate-tropical climate locations: Cleveland, OH, Columbia, SC, and Miami, FL. We employ frequencies that are being considered for UAS BLOS links in the Ku band (12 GHz) and the Ka band (30 GHz). The impact of tropospheric attenuation on BLOS UAS communication performance is described, including a discussion of attenuation variability and link margins.
Analytic and explicit current model of undoped double-gate MOSFETs (2007)

A analytical and explicit drain-current equation has been derived for undoped symmetric double-gate MOSFETs. This current equation is expressed clearly with surface potential and verified with numerical results both in the subthreshold and the saturation region. It facilitates the calculation of drain current if only the surface potential is known, which is suitable for compact model development.
Pulsed operation lasing in a cleaved-facet InGaN/GaNMQW SCH laser grown on 6H-SiC (1997)

Room temperature pulsed-operation lasing has been achieved for the first time in an InGaN laser grown on a 6H-SiC substrate. The laser structure is an 8-well InGaN/GaN MQW having Al0.06Ga0.94N waveguide and Al0.13Ga0.87N cladding layers. The index-guided laser having uncoated cleaved facets emits at 402 nm with a threshold current Ith of 1.2 A (42V), corresponding to a current density of 48 kA/cm2. A narrow line width of 0.8 Å is observed at 1.09 Ith. Far field measurements indicate that the devices operate in the TEM01 mode with FWHP of 5.7 and 19° for the in-plane and perpendicular directions, respectively.
Adolf Lohmann and his Contributions to Optics (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. W. Goodman, "Adolf Lohmann and his Contributions to Optics," in Frontiers in Optics 2015, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper FW3G.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
GeoTrend (2016)

This paper presents GeoTrend; a system for scalable support of spatial trend discovery on recent microblogs, e.g., tweets and online reviews, that come in real time. GeoTrend is distinguished from existing techniques in three aspects: (1) It discovers trends in arbitrary spatial regions, e.g., city blocks. (2) It supports trending measures that effectively capture trending items under a variety of definitions that suit different applications. (3) It promotes recent microblogs as first-class citizens and optimizes its system components to digest a continuous flow of fast data in main-memory while removing old data efficiently. GeoTrend queries are top-k queries that discover the most trending k keywords that are posted within an arbitrary spatial region and during the last T time units. To support its queries efficiently, GeoTrend employs an in-memory spatial index that is able to efficiently digest incoming data and expire data that is beyond the last T time units. The index also materializes top-k keywords in different spatial regions so that incoming queries can be processed with low latency. In case of peak times, a main-memory optimization technique is employed to shed less important data, so that the system still sustains high query accuracy with limited memory resources. Experimental results based on real Twitter feed and Bing Mobile spatial search queries show the scalability of GeoTrend to support arrival rates of up to 50,000 microblog/second, average query latency of 3 milli-seconds, and at least 90+% query accuracy even under limited memory resources.
Supplemental Table 1 from Characterization of an Immunogenic Mutation in a Patient with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Tumor mutation profile.&lt;/p&gt;
Airfoil in a high amplitude oscillating stream (2016)

A combined theoretical and experimental investigation was carried out with the objective of evaluating theoretical predictions relating to a two-dimensional airfoil subjected to high amplitude harmonic oscillation of the free stream at constant angle of attack. Current theoretical approaches were reviewed and extended for the purposes of quantifying the bound, unsteady vortex sheet strength along the airfoil chord. This resulted in a closed form solution that is valid for arbitrary reduced frequencies and amplitudes. In the experiments, the bound, unsteady vortex strength of a symmetric 18 % thick airfoil at low angles of attack was measured in a dedicated unsteady wind tunnel at maximum reduced frequencies of 0.1 and at velocity oscillations less than or equal to 50 %. With the boundary layer tripped near the leading edge and mid-chord, the phase and amplitude variations of the lift coefficient corresponded reasonably well with the theory. Near the maximum lift coefficient overshoot, the data exhibited an additional high-frequency oscillation. Comparisons of the measured and predicted vortex sheet indicated the existence of a recirculation bubble upstream of the trailing edge which sheds into the wake and modifies the Kutta condition. Without boundary layer tripping, a mid-chord bubble is present that strengthens during flow deceleration and its shedding produces a dramatically different effect. Instead of a lift coefficient overshoot, as per the theory, the data exhibit a significant undershoot. This undershoot is also accompanied by high-frequency oscillations that are characterized by the bubble shedding. In summary, the location of bubble and its subsequent shedding play decisive roles in the resulting temporal aerodynamic loads.
Frequency-based customization of multizone sound system design (2016)

Methods for generating multizone soundfield have a wide range of applications. The desired dominant frequency bands to be generated and perceived, however, are not the same for different applications. Previous work proposed a low complexity algorithm for multizone wideband sound field generation using a frequency variable dictionary in a Lasso-LS optimization. This work demonstrates the flexibility of the novel algorithm in imposing variable number of active speakers to provide the desired reproduction accuracy at variable frequency bands. The deployment of this technique can lead to the customization of multizone sound system design based on both signal frequency content and listeners' perception.
Microstructure formation in micron-scale thin-walled Hastelloy X samples fabricated with laser powder bed fusion (2023)

Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has great potential for the fabricating complex geometries with improved functionality. In combination with nickel alloys such as Hastelloy X, parts produced with this technology find usage in high-temperature applications. Many studies have focused on the microstructure of Hastelloy X fabricated via LPBF technology, but most have been performed on simple cubic geometries. Considering the aforementioned applications, the parts are often characterized by fine features, like very thin-walled structured, often in the sub-1 mm range. However, little is known about the LPBF fabrication of such structures. The study presented in this paper shows that wall thickness plays an important role in microstructure formation. In situ temperature measurements and thermal simulations showed a difference in thermal history. Local heat accumulation in the vicinity of the scanned tracks was observed for the sample consisting of multiple tracks. Moreover, this effect was enhanced with the number of tracks, leading to different melt pool morphologies. Significantly, coarser solidification cells were found near the sample edges. In addition, larger grains oriented parallel to the build direction were observed for the samples consisting of 3 and more tracks, while for the thinner samples, a very fine microstructure with random orientation was found.
Automating Commercial Heavy Vehicles: Lateral Control (1998)

This investigation focuses on automated lane guidance for heavy vehicles, with the goal of achieving hands off guidance of 18-wheel, 65-foot (20 m) long, fully loaded tractor/trailers using a magnetic marker guidance system embedded in the pavement. Testing with a tractor trailer proved successful on a 1.37-mile track. Results of the open-loop data analysis were encouraging. Further investigations are warranted for using the guidance systems at speeds of 60 MPH and above.
Thermal modeling and design of 3D integrated circuits (2008)

3D interconnect technology has attracted significant interest in the recent past as a means for enabling faster and more efficient integrated circuits (ICs). 3D integration relies on through-silicon vias (TSVs) and bonding of multiple active layers. While this approach provides several electrical benefits, it also offers significant challenges in thermal management. While some work has been done in the past in this field, a comprehensive treatment is still lacking. In the current work, analytical and finite-element models of heat transfer in 3D electronic circuits are developed. The models are used to investigate the limits of thermal feasibility of 3D electronics and to determine the improvements required in traditional packaging in order to accommodate 3D ICs. An analytical model for temperature distribution in a multi-die stack with multiple heat sources is developed. The analytical model is used to extend the traditional concept of thermal resistance in an IC to thermal resistance and thermal sensitivity matrices for a 3D IC. The impact of various geometric parameters and thermophysical properties on thermal performance of a 3D IC is investigated. It is shown that package thermal resistances play a more important role in determining temperature rise compared to thermal resistances intrinsic to the 3D technology, including thermal resistance of bonding layers and TSVs. As a result, an improved bonding layer or TSV thermal resistance does not offer much thermal benefit. An increase in thermal resistance of a 3D IC is predicted as compared to an equivalent System-on-Chip (SoC). This increase is found to be mainly due to the reduced chip footprint. The amount of improvement required in package and heat sink thermal resistances for a logic-on-memory 3D implementation to be thermally feasible is quantified. The results presented in this paper are expected to aid in the development of thermal design guidelines for 3D ICs.
Change in Biotypic Diversity of Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Populations in the United States (2015)

A key component of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), management has been through planting resistant wheat cultivars. A new biotype, RWA2, appeared in 2003 which caused widespread damage to wheat cultivars containing the Dn4 gene. Biotypic diversity in Russian wheat aphid populations has not been addressed since 2005 when RWA2 dominated the biotype complex. Our objectives were to determine the biotypic diversity in the Central Great Plains and Colorado Plateau at regional (2010, 2011, 2013) and local (2012) levels and detect the presence of new Russian wheat aphid biotypes. Regional and within-field aphid collections were screened against Russian wheat aphid-resistant wheat genotypes containing genes Dn3, Dn4, Dn6, Dn7, Dn9, CI2401; and resistant barley STARS 9301B. In 2010, all aphid collections from Texas were avirulent to the Dn4 resistance gene in wheat. Regional results revealed Dn4 avirulent RWA6 was widespread (55-84%) in populations infesting wheat in both regions. Biotypes RWA1, 2, and 3/7 were equally represented with percentages<20% each while RWA8 was rarely detected. Combining percentages of RWA1, 6, and 8 across regions to estimate avirulence to Dn4 gene revealed high percentages for both 2011 (64-80%) and 2013 (69-90%). In contrast, the biotype structure at the local level differed where biotype percentages varied up to ≥2-fold between fields. No new biotypes were detected; therefore, Dn7, CI2401, and STARS9301B remained resistant to all known Russian wheat aphid biotypes. This study documents a shift to Dn4 avirulent biotypes and serves as a valuable baseline for biotypic diversity in Russian wheat aphid populations prior to the deployment of new Russian wheat aphid-resistant wheat cultivars.
Spectacles with highly aspherical lenslets for myopia control do not change visual sensitivity in automated static perimetry (2022)

Compared to the SVL, the HAL did not change detection sensitivity to static targets in the whole visual field within 30° eccentricity.
Automatic Identification of Bioprostheses on X-ray Angiographic Sequences of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Procedures Using Deep Learning (2022)

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the treatment of choice for patients with severe aortic stenosis and high surgical risk. Angiography has been established as an essential tool in TAVI, as this modality provides real-time images required to support the intervention. The automatic interpretation and parameter extraction on such images can lead to significative improvements and new applications in the procedure that, in most cases, rely on a prior identification of the transcatheter heart valve (THV). In this paper, U-Net architecture is proposed for the automatic segmentation of THV on angiographies, studying the role of its hyperparameters in the quality of the segmentations. Several experiments have been conducted, testing the methodology using multiple configurations and evaluating the results on different types of frames captured during the procedure. The evaluation has been performed in terms of conventional classification metrics, complemented with two new metrics, specifically defined for this problem. Those new metrics provide a more appropriate assessment of the quality of the results, given the class imbalance in the dataset. From an analysis of the evaluation results, it can be concluded that the method provides appropriate segmentation results for this dataset.
Search for massive resonances decaying into pairs of boosted bosons in semi-leptonic final states at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV (2014)

A search for new resonances decaying to WW, ZZ, or WZ is presented. Final states are considered in which one of the vector bosons decays leptonically and the other hadronically. Results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 recorded in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Techniques aiming at identifying jet substructures are used to analyze signal events in which the hadronization products from the decay of highly boosted W or Z bosons are contained within a single reconstructed jet. Upper limits on the production of generic WW, ZZ, or WZ resonances are set as a function of the resonance mass and width.
P5-13-03: Correlation of Clinical and Molecular Findings with Pathologic Response to Preoperative Lapatinib and Trastuzumab, Separately or in Combination, Prior to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer. (2011)

Abstract Background 15% of curative HER2−positive patients (pts) treated with standard trastuzumab (T)-based chemotherapy regimens recur. Our prior report (ASCO 2011 #506 using only data from paired samples N=49) identified major pathways of resistance: autophagy, stem cell, extracellular matrix, and phospho epitopes on FOXO, STAT5, EGFR. Aim: To collect proteomic and microarray data from baseline biopsies and identify molecular correlates of pathologic complete response (pCR). Methods: Randomized, open label, phase II. Eligibility: biopsy-proven HER2 positive stage II, III invasive breast cancer, healthy. After informed consent, pt randomized to T or Lapatinib (L) or both (T+L) for 2 weeks (wk) then continue same anti-HER2 agent with standard chemotherapy (FEC75 IV every 3 wk then Paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 wk x 12) then surgery. Research biopsy before and 2 wks after anti-HER2 agent analyzed by reverse phase protein microarray (RPMA) from laser capture microdissected cells, RNA expression microarray, and in-vitro stem cell studies. PCR in breast is no invasive tumor. ITT is Intent to Treat (all treated pts). Pathways identified by analytes (n=42): autophagy (Beclin 1, LC3B, ATG5), stem cell (CD44, Mushashi, E-Cadherin, Beta Catenin), extracellular matrix (Integrin, MMP). Additional informative analytes: phosphorylated HER3, IGFR1. Results: 100 pts treated: T=33, L=34, T+L=33. % pCR- ITT: ER pos/ER neg by arm: T = 40%/67%; L = 21%/50%; T+L = 58%/50%. Baseline RPMA samples N= 65 (T = 22; L= 25; T+L = 18). A) Specific analytes contributory to outcome by arm by Random Forest analysis: T: Beta Catenin Ser 33/37/Thr 41, EGFR Tyr1045. L: MMP14, E-Cadherin, LC3B, Integrin alpha5 B1, Stat 5 Tyr 694, IGFR Tyr 1131/1146, Erk Thr 202/Tyr204, NFKB Ser536, FOXO Thr24, HER3 Tyr1289. T+L: cerb2, EGFR, Met Tyr1235, CD44, E-Cadherin. B) Statistically significant endpoint ratios from network analysis that strongly correlate with pCR: T: HER3 Tyr1289/Beclin 1; PTENser380/ERK Thr202/Tyr204; GSK3B Ser21-9/Stat5 Tyr694; p70S6 Thr389/LC3B; p7026 Thr389/MMP9; FOXO Thr24-32/NFKB Ser536; Beta Catenin Ser 33–37 Thr41/LC3B. L: EGFR Tyr1045Beclin1; cerb2/Beclin1; HER3 Tyr1289/Beclin1; PI3K/FOXO Thr24,32; IRS1 Ser612/Beclin1; Mushashi/IRS1 Ser612. T+L: only 4 pts no pCR. C) Microarray analysis confirms the critical role of extracellular matrix and autophagy. Discussion: These findings support the concept that NO-pCR tumors can engage a diverse set of strategies to achieve cell survival in the face of therapy. The molecular correlates of response found in this small, underpowered study provide candidates for future patient stratification studies and generate insights for combination therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-03.
Influence of Pilocarpine and Timolol on Human Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells (2017)

Our results support our hypothesis and demonstrate that these antiglaucoma drugs, pilocarpine and timolol, have direct effects on HMGECs that may influence their morphology, survival, and proliferative capacity.