gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current and Emerging Views and Treatments of Systemic Immunoglobulin Light-Chain (AL) Amyloidosis (2006)

Amyloidosis is a disease in which abnormal proteins form toxic intermediates and fibrillar tissue-deposits that compromise key viscera and lead to early death. In order to treat amyloidosis, the type of abnormal protein must be identified. The most common type is monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain or AL amyloidosis. One-third to one-half of patients with systemic AL amyloidosis has renal involvement in the form of glomerular, vascular and interstitial deposits of amyloid causing progressive proteinuria. Less than 5% of AL patients present with renal failure requiring dialysis; patients with renal involvement usually present with fatigue, peripheral edema, proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. The aim of therapy in systemic AL amyloidosis is to reduce the amyloid-forming monoclonal light chains, measured with the serum free light chain assay, by suppressing the underlying plasma cell dyscrasia, while using supportive measures to sustain organ function. Amyloid deposits can be resorbed and organ function restored if the amyloid-forming precursor light chain is eliminated. The most effective treatment for systemic AL is risk-adapted melphalan with peripheral blood stem cell transplant; oral melphalan and dexamethasone is the most effective therapy for patients who are not stem cell transplant candidates although it carries a risk of myelodysplasia and leukemia. Novel therapies currently under study include thalidomide, bortezomib and lenalidomide. With therapy, a majority of patients can achieve long-term durable remissions with stabilization or recovery of organ function. The use of novel antibody-based approaches for imaging amyloid and possibly for accelerating removal of deposits is under active investigation.
Novel fabrication process of polymer-sustained-alignment liquid crystal cell and its image sticking property (2020)

A new fabrication process of the polymer-sustained-alignment (PSA) liquid crystal (LC) cell is proposed in this study. The proposed process for fabrication of the PSA-LC cell is in the following: the mixed solution of the vertical polyimide (PI) alignment layer material and the monomer 4,4ʹ-dimethacryloyl-oxy-biphenyl (4,4ʹ-DMABiph) was firstly prepared, and then the PI alignment layer including the monomer 4,4ʹ-DMABiph was prepared on the substrate. The monomer 4,4ʹ-DMABiph was confirmed to be located on the surface of the PI-film by the TOF-SIMS analysis. The polymerisation of the monomer was conducted by exposure of ultraviolet light to the PI-film. Finally, new PSA-LC cell was fabricated by the assembly of the substrates and injection of the LC material. The residual direct current voltage of the PSA-LC cell produced by the proposed fabrication process was significantly improved compared with the PSA-LC cell produced by the conventional process. Therefore, the proposed fabrication process would be useful for the new-type PSA-LCD.
Tricyclic epines. Novel (E)- and (Z)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepines as potential central nervous system agents. Variation of the basic side chain (1986)

The synthesis and pharmacological activity of new (E),(Z)-[6-(alkylamino)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepin-11- ylidene]acetonitriles 12-45 and (E),(Z)-[6-(aminoalkoxy)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepin-11-ylidene] acetonitriles 46-51 are described. The introduction of the cyanomethylene group into the 11-position of the 11H-dibenz[b,e]azepine framework has been carried out by a Wittig-Horner reaction under mild conditions. The (E),(Z) isomers were separated by fractional crystallization, assignment being achieved by X-ray analysis. A number of (E),(Z)-[6-(alkylamino)-11H-dibenz-[b,e]azepin-11-ylidene] acetonitriles (12, 14, 16, 20) show potent neuroleptic activity (2-7 times that of clozapine) in animal tests. The screening included tests for sedative and anticholinergic activity in mice, apomorphine and tryptamine antagonism in rats, and muscle-relaxing activity in rabbits. The divergence in the activity profile in the case of the separated (E),(Z) isomers has been observed as an interesting new aspect: the (Z) isomers show a significantly higher sedative and muscle-relaxant activity, whereas the (E) isomers possess a higher anticholinergic efficacy and somewhat greater apomorphine antagonism. Broad changes in the basic side chain were made in order to investigate structure-activity relationships. The important geometrical parameters for the molecules, obtained by X-ray analysis, were compared with the corresponding features in dopamine agonists and antagonists.
Benefits of the ipowder® extraction process applied toMelissa officinalisL.: improvement of antioxidant activity andin vitrogastro-intestinal release profile of rosmarinic acid (2020)

Correction for 'Benefits of the ipowder® extraction process applied to Melissa officinalis L.: improvement of antioxidant activity and in vitro gastro-intestinal release profile of rosmarinic acid' by Valérie Bardot et al., Food Funct., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01144g.
<title>MPEG-7-based news browsing: description extraction, browsing, and exchange</title> (2001)

MPEG-7 is a leading standard of providing a standardized way of describing multimedia contents, among various metadata standards. In the fields of consumer electronics, providing an easy-to-use user interface for the majority of naive users is one of the most important issues in the development of MPEG-7 applications. The proposed news browser provides an intuitive interface for conventional VCR users, while providing a powerful way of browsing news articles of interest. The news browser is based on four images automatically extracted from each article of the selected news program. Anchor shot image is selected mainly for the purpose of separating each article. The icon image extracted from the anchor shot image provides a single image summarization of the given article. The synthesized key text image helps users to roughly understand the content by providing selected text information. The episode shot image provides supplementary visual aid to the user by showing a single key frame from the episode shot. By giving a glimpse at the selected four images, the users can get a rough idea on each article and select only the article of interest to be played. The extracted description including key images for the browser and the structure information is generated based on the MPEG-7 standard to provide interoperability between the standard based applications.
Post Cu CMP Cleaning of Polyurethane Pad Debris (2013)

Polyurethane (PU) pad debris is identified as one of the major polish residue defects in Cu CMP processes when a barrier pad is conditioned. AES analysis of the debris confirms the organic nature of such defects while FT-IR analysis reveals the characteristic peaks of polyurethane from the pad debris. Hybrid cleans (i.e. acidic plus basic cleans) and basic cleans can both remove the pad debris effectively. The efficiency of basic-only cleans can be improved by increasing time and/or chemistry concentration in the brush modules. The PU pad can endure harsh chemical environments at both low and high pH without any detectable decomposition or morphological changes. The advantages and disadvantages of acidic vs. basic cleans are discussed and the cleaning mechanisms of pad debris PR are elucidated.
From narrow-azimuth to wide- and rich-azimuth acquisition in the Gulf of Mexico (2006)

Nick Moldoveanu and Mark Egan, Schlumberger WesternGeco, Houston report on the experience of wide- and rich-azimuth towed streamer seismic acquisition to date and the challenges which still have to resolved.
Diadenosine 5′,5″‐P1,P5‐pentaphosphate harbors the properties of a signaling molecule in the heart (1998)

Dinucleotide polyphosphates (ApnA) have emerged as signaling molecules in rapidly dividing cells. The presence and role of Ap5A in the heart remain unknown. Here, we report that the myocardium contains abundant amounts of diadenosine 5',5"-P1,P5-pentaphosphate (Ap5A), a member of the ApnA family. Ischemia induced 10-fold decrease in the myocardial concentration of Ap5A. A target of Ap5A action was identified to be the cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel, a metabolism-sensitive ion conductance activated in ischemia. At levels found in hearts prior to ischemia, Ap5A maintained a low probability of K(ATP) channel opening, but at levels found in hearts following ischemia, Ap5A allowed a high probability of K(ATP) channel opening. Taken together, the present data suggest that Ap5A harbors the properties of a signaling molecule involved in the cardiac response to metabolic stress.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of MEK PROTACs (2019)

PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) targeting the degradation of MEK have been designed based on allosteric MEK inhibitors. Inhibition of the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was less effective with the PROTACs than a small-molecule inhibitor; the best PROTACs, however, were more effective in inhibiting proliferation of A375 cells than an inhibitor.
Role of Relaxin in Regulation of Fibrosis in the Lung (2009)

Airway remodeling changes are a key pathological feature of asthma. They are associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and fixed airway obstruction. Aged, relaxin-deficient mice display structural changes resembling airway remodeling in asthma, including thickening of the bronchial epithelium and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the subepithelial region. Relaxin-deficient mice also have exaggerated airway remodeling in models of allergic airway disease compared to wild-type controls. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that airway fibrosis may drive other changes of airway remodeling, including epithelial changes. A suggested paradigm is that subepithelial fibrosis (deposition of ECM in the basement membrane region) may lead to increased epithelial cell proliferation and transforming growth factor-beta1 production, which in turn may lead to further fibrosis. Relaxin may therefore prevent or reverse activation of the epithelial and fibroblast remodeling in asthma. Control of epithelial remodeling and ECM production in the airway wall may play an important role in maintaining normal lung function. Understanding how relaxin protects against airway remodeling changes may have important implications in developing new therapies to treat airway remodeling in asthma.
A short and efficient synthesis of (+)-totarol (2012)

A concise route to multigram quantities of the antibacterial diterpene (+)-totarol (1) is reported. (-)-Sclareol (2) was converted to the target compound 1 using either a six-or a seven-step sequence, while only three steps were required to access (+)-totarol (1) starting from (+)-manool ( A novel one-pot intramolecular aldol condensation/ -alkylation protocol served as the key operation for streamlining the syntheses of 1.
Performance evaluation of a wireless ad hoc network: flexible radio network (FRN) (2002)

In an ad hoc wireless network system, wireless terminals can autonomously construct a network and directly communicate with each other without using a wired network. A flexible radio network is one of the ad hoc wireless network systems which has been operational in recent years. In the flexible radio network, an original communication protocol is implemented to obtain reliability of communication. We evaluate the performance by means of simulations for the data-link protocol and routing protocol of the flexible radio network. We first show the performance when system parameters are changed to examine how these parameters affect the system performance. Furthermore, we investigate the performance improvement by changing the network configuration.
Identification of proteasomal catalytic subunit PSMA6 as a therapeutic target for lung cancer (2017)

To identify potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer, we performed semi-genome-wide shRNA screening combined with the utilization of genome-wide expression and copy number data. shRNA screening targeting 5043 genes in NCI-H460 identified 51 genes as candidates. Pathway analysis revealed that the 51 genes were enriched for the five pathways, including ribosome, proteasome, RNA polymerase, pyrimidine metabolism and spliceosome pathways. We focused on the proteasome pathway that involved six candidate genes because its activation has been demonstrated in diverse human malignancies, including lung cancer. Microarray expression and array CGH data showed that PSMA6, a proteasomal subunit of a 20S catalytic core complex, was highly expressed in lung cancer cell lines, with recurrent gene amplifications in some cases. Therefore, we further examined the roles of PSMA6 in lung cancer. Silencing of PSMA6 induced apoptosis or G2/M cell cycle arrest in cancer cell lines but not in an immortalized normal lung cell line. These results suggested that PSMA6 serves as an attractive target with a high therapeutic index for lung cancer.
EVALUATION OF STOOL ANTIGEN DETECTION FOR DIAGNOSIS OFHELICOBACTER PYLORIINFECTION IN ADULTS (2004)

The good correlation found between the results of the HpSA test and the methods based on endoscopy supports its use as an alternative to invasive methods of diagnosis of H. pylori infection and therapeutic follow-up.
Abstract 5792: Preclinical antitumor activity of BMS-986158, an oral BET inhibitor, for the treatment of cancer (2018)

Abstract Background: Regulation and recognition of covalent chromatin modifications by cellular proteins are key determinants of gene expression. Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins, including BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT, bind directly to acetylated lysine on histone tails to promote gene transcription. Oncogenes such as c-MYC, BCL2, and ASCL1, are directly regulated by BET proteins. Here, we report the preclinical evaluation of BMS-986158, an orally bioavailable, potent, and selective BET inhibitor. Methods: BMS-986158 activity was assessed in tumor growth assays across solid and hematologic cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo in patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Dose-response gene expression profiling of ex vivo blood from healthy donors was used to identify transcripts exhibiting a pharmacodynamic effect with BMS-986158 treatment. Results: Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) with BMS-986158 was observed across different solid and hematologic cancer cell lines. Mutations in chromatin regulators were identified among BMS-986158–sensitive cell lines. BMS-986158 also demonstrated antitumor activity (TGI ≥ 70%) in 24 of 82 PDX models tested (Table). Genetic alterations that correlate with BMS-986158 responsiveness will be presented. Finally, an ex vivo dose-response profiling study in healthy human blood identified 124 genes responsive to BMS-986158, including chemokines and chemokine receptors. Conclusions: BMS-986158, a potent and selective BET inhibitor, demonstrated robust anti-proliferative activity in vitro across a broad range of cancer cell lines. Consistent with the in vitro data, preclinical antitumor activity was observed in various PDX tumor models. Furthermore, gene expression profiling studies in human blood samples identified select target genes responsive to BMS-986158 treatment that may be useful as clinical pharmacodynamic markers. TGI assay in PDX modelsTumor TypeTotal sample, nResponders, naAdenocarcinoma319Lung squamous cell carcinoma217Breast cancer82Brain cancer10Colorectal cancer63Esophageal cancer31Gallbladder cancer21Head and neck cancer31Mixedb70Total8224a Responders were defined as having &amp;gt; 70% TGIb Mixed tumor types include large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung, liver, liver metastases from rectum, mixed adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, and non-small cell lung cancer Citation Format: Susan Wee, Donald Jackson, Heshani Desilva, Maya Dajee, Julie Carman, Petra Ross-MacDonald, Jinping Gan, Richard A. Westhouse, Christine Huang, Zheng Yang, Michael Poss, John T. Hunt, Gregory D. Vite, Ashvinikumar V. Gavai. Preclinical antitumor activity of BMS-986158, an oral BET inhibitor, for the treatment of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5792.
Symptom Perception in Relation to Hormonal Status in Female Fibromyalgia Syndrome Patients (1999)

Objectives: The study was designed to investigate if symptom severity and well-being differed in post- and premenopausal fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS] patients and to compare postmenopausal FMS patients to healthy age matched postmenopausal women.Methods: The patient sample comprised 35 FMS female patients, who were divided into post- and premenopausal subgroups. Daily prospective ratings of pain and other symptoms were performed during 28 days. For the premenopausal women the symptoms from the ovulatory and perimenstrual phases were calculated. Psychopathological rating scales were used to detect well-being, and pressure pain threshold [PPT] was used to define pain sensitivity of both patients and controls.Results: The postmenopausal patients reported less happiness, worse well-being and global functioning compared to both the premenopausal patients and the postmenopausal healthy women. There was significant difference with more pain in the perimenstrual than in the ovulatory phase in the premenopausal patients, as reported earlier, but there was no difference in pain scores, PPT and summarized other physical symptoms between the hormonally different patient subgroups as a whole. All FMS patients scored significantly higher with symptoms related to stress and tension such as anxiety, stiffness and headache than the postmenopausal controls. There was no difference in duration of disease between pre- and postmenopausal patients.Conclusion: Postmenopausal FMS patients seem to be in worse condition regarding psychological symptoms compared to premenopausal FMS patients and also worse both physically and psychologically than postmenopausal healthy women. Whether the difference between the pre- and postmenopausal FMS patients is due to hormonal factors requires further study, however, psychological and social factors may also be of importance. All FMS patients seem to be more sensitive to stress than the postmenopausal controls.
Prolactin induces rapid phosphorylation and activation of prolactin receptor-associated RAF-1 kinase in a T-cell line. (1994)

The receptor for prolactin (PRL) is a member of the hematopoietic receptor family that also includes the receptors for interleukins 2-7. PRL is synthesized and is secreted by human T lymphocytes and acts as a lymphokine necessary, but not sufficient, for T lymphocyte progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Although data now indicate that PRL serves an immunomodulatory role in vitro and in vivo, the mechanisms of PRL receptor signal transduction in T cells have not been defined. We demonstrate here that PRL induced the phosphorylation of the p72-74 serine/threonine kinase c-Raf-1 in the PRL-dependent rat T-cell line Nb2. Associated with this inducible phosphorylation of Raf-1 was a concentration- and time-dependent activation of in vitro Raf-1 autokinase and substrate kinase activities, which correlated with the PRL-induced proliferation of Nb2 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed association of Raf-1 with PRL receptors in Nb2 cells. These results revealed that all isoforms of the PRL receptor (short, intermediate, and long) are expressed in Nb2 cells and associate with Raf-1. In contrast to the PRL-dependent Nb2 cells, phosphorylation and activation of Raf-1 were constitutive in the Nb2-derived, PRL-independent, T-cell line Sp. These studies demonstrate for the first time an association between the PRL receptor and a serine/threonine kinase affiliated with signal transduction.
Abstract 2744: Blocking CXCR4 alleviates desmoplasia, increases T-lymphocyte infiltration, and improves immunotherapy in metastatic breast cancer (2019)

Metastatic breast cancers (mBCs) are largely resistant to immune checkpoint blockade, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Primary breast cancers are characterized by a dense fibrotic stroma, which is considered immunosuppressive in multiple malignancies, but the stromal composition of breast cancer metastases and its role in immunosuppression are largely unknown. Here we show that liver and lung metastases of human breast cancers tend to be highly fibrotic, and unlike primary breast tumors, they exclude cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). Unbiased analysis of the TCGA database of human breast tumors revealed a set of genes that are associated with stromal T-lymphocyte exclusion. Among these we focused on CXCL12 as a relevant target based on its known roles in immunosuppression in other cancer types. We found that the CXCL12 receptor CXCR4 is highly expressed in both human primary tumors and metastases. To gain insight into the role of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis, we inhibited CXCR4 and found that CXCR4 blockade decreases fibrosis, alleviates solid stress, decompresses blood vessels, increases CTL infiltration, and decreases immunosuppression in murine mBC models. We confirmed that these immunosuppressive effects are dependent on cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) signaling through genetic deletion of Cxcr4 in aSMA+ cells. Accordingly, CXCR4 inhibition more than doubles the response to immune checkpoint blockers in mice bearing mBCs. These findings demonstrate that CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated desmoplasia in mBC promotes immunosuppression and is a potential target for overcoming therapeutic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in mBC patients.Citation Format: Ivy X. Chen, Vikash P. Chauhan, Jessica Posada, Mei R. Ng, Michelle Wu, Pichet Adstamongkonkul, Peigen Huang, Neal Lindeman, Robert Langer, Rakesh K. Jain. Blocking CXCR4 alleviates desmoplasia, increases T-lymphocyte infiltration, and improves immunotherapy in metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2744.
Modeling and Measurement of MIMO Relay Channels (2008)

This paper proposes a relay channel model which takes into account the influence of relay location and antenna configuration. Simulation results show that when relay is in the line-of-sight (LOS) propagation environment, the channel capacity will degrade. To improve the performance of the channel, water-filling (WF) algorithm is used to allocate the power, simulation results shows that the WF-based relay channel outperforms the uniform power allocation channel. The radiation pattern of the relay antenna is also an importance factor which affects the channel capacity in this case. The widely used Rayleigh channel model overestimates the performance of the channel compared with our model when the location of the relay is not in the scenario where Ricean K-factor is zero. Measurements have been done at 2.53 GHz to investigate the above-rooftop and ground-level relay channels. Results indicate that above-rooftop deployment is very efficient to improve the capacity and coverage.
Pseudo four-channel image denoising for noisy CFA raw data (2015)

Most demosaicking algorithms only focus on handling noise-free CFA raw data. In practice, the CFA raw data are corrupted by noise, which degrades demosaicking performance. Full-color image quality strongly depends on the performance of the demosaicking. Here, we propose a CFA raw data denoising algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, the CFA raw data is converted to a pseudo four-channel image by rearranging pixels. Then, the four-channel data are transformed based on the principal component analysis (PCA). Existing high-performance gray image denoising algorithm is applied to each transformed image. Finally, the denoised data is rearranged to obtain denoised CFA raw data. We evaluate both the denoised CFA raw data as well as the full-color image reconstructed with the noisy CFA raw data. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing state-of-the-art algorithms.