gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementation with Fermented Milk Containing Milk Phospholipids Improves the Enteric Environment and Skin Conditions of Dogs with Allergic Skin Disorders (2017)

The intestinal microbiota is a diverse ecological system that modulates
 the enteric environment and affects the health of the host. Supplementation
 with fermented materials containing probiotics, prebiotics and biogenics is a
 promising strategy to control intestinal microbiota; however, there have been
 few attempts to demonstrate the efficacy of fermented products in veterinary
 medicine. In this study, we investigated whether a new active supplement
 originated from fermented milk can improve the enteric environment and
 skin conditions of dogs with skin disorders, including dry skin, mild eczema,
 and pruritus. Nine dogs were subjected, and either a supplement containing
 fermented milk with milk phospholipids (MPL) or a placebo was administered
 for 4 weeks. After a 2-week washout period, the treatment protocol of the
 groups was switched. We found that the amount of indole and acetic acid
 in faeces were significantly reduced in the dogs that received supplements
 containing fermented milk with MPL compared to the dogs that received the
 placebo. The pruritus visual analog scale score, which reflects itch behaviors,
 was also improved. The results indicated that supplementation of fermented
 milk with MPL improved the enteric environment by reducing abnormal
 decomposition, and improved the skin conditions of dogs with allergic skin
 disorders
The TAZ target gene ITGAV regulates invasion and positively feedbacks on YAP and TAZ in liver cancer cells (2020)

The Hippo signaling pathway is an important regulator of cell proliferation and organ growth. Its effector proteins yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW Domain Containing Transcription Regulator 1 (WWTR1; TAZ) have been described as potent oncogenes in various cancer entities, promoting tumor initiation and progression. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), YAP activation is linked to tumor onset and poor patient prognosis. However, if and how YAP and TAZ contribute to liver tumorigenesis via common and exclusive molecular mechanisms is poorly understood.
Determination of User Needs – Goal‐Oriented Communication between Planners and Users as a Basis for Sustainable Building (2015)

There is a global concern that laboratory planners do not speak the language of users and they misunderstand each other. The users or occupants must know what they want as well as the laboratory designer needs to carefully inquire the user's needs. This is determined to be successful when both groups know what they can expect from each other.
3D-resolved targeting of photodynamic therapy using temporal focusing (2014)

A method for selectively inducing apoptosis in tumor nodules is presented, with close-to-cellular level resolution, using 3D-resolved widefield temporal focusing illumination. Treatment times on the order of seconds were achieved using Verteporfin as the photosensitizer, with doses of 30 <i>μ</i>g ml<sup>-1</sup> and below. Results were achieved on both 2D and 3D cell cultures, demonstrating that treatment was possible through approximately one hundred microns of dense tumor nodules.
Wear Mechanisms of Amorphous Carbon and Zirconia Coatings on Rigid Disk Magnetic Recording Media (1993)

Examination of the durability of zirconia-coated rigid disks in various environments reveals a sensitivity to the presence of water vapor during sliding, similar to that of carbon-coated rigid disks. Among the test environments investigated, i.e. vacuum, dry/moist air, and moist nitrogen, humidity had the greatest effect by increasing the contact life of the disks substantially over that of vacuum or dry air. The dominant factors affecting wear are believed to be oxidation of metallic debris and interaction of the overcoat layer with water vapor. Tests with ferrite read/write sliders on carbon-coated disks suggest that the pin-on-disk test is a valid simulation of the tribological behavior of this system. Carbon film thickness measurements indicate that the carbon film remains intact without appreciable thinning until the point of failure.
Modélisation et commande du système d'alimentation en air d'un véhicule Pile à Combustible avec reformage embarqué (2006)

International audience
The Impact of Reflections From Stratified Building Materials on the Wave Propagation in Future Indoor Terahertz Communication Systems (2008)

In order to derive reliable propagation models for future terahertz indoor pico-cellular communication systems, accurate reflectivity data of building materials is necessary. Here we present reflection terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) measurements and matching transfer matrix simulations of the frequency dependent reflection coefficient of multi layer building materials in the frequency range from 100 to 500 GHz for a set of angles, both in TE- and TM-polarization. Two prominent stratified structures, a double pane window and white paint on plaster are investigated as they usually account for large areas in indoor environments. Communication systems located above 100 GHz are expected to be strongly affected by the variations of the reflectivity over the frequency and incident angle of such stratified materials as they will rely both on line of sight (LOS) and non line of sight (NLOS) propagation. We discuss this impact on the power distribution in a sample scenario employing the ray-tracing method.
The effect of confinement-induced shear on drop deformation and breakup in microfluidic extensional flows (2011)

Droplets of de-ionized water and four aqueous surfactant solutions were generated in oil using a microfluidic flow-focusing device. The morphological developments of the drops in extensional flow and confinement-induced shear flow at various extension rates were studied using a hyperbolic contraction. This novel approach to droplet deformation within a microfluidic device allowed the probing of droplets within a nearly uniform extensional flow. The focus of this work was to study the effect of confinement-induced shear on droplet deformation and breakup in extensional flows. Droplet deformation was found to increase with both increasing capillary number and increasing confinement, for a fixed viscosity ratio of λ=0.1, with the effect of the shear induced by confinement being quite dramatic. The addition of surfactant to the droplets resulted in the production of tails, which streamed from the rear of the droplets and produced daughter droplets much smaller than the parent droplet. In the partially confined limit, where the flow was purely extensional, a single tail was formed at the center of the droplets trailing edge. With enhanced confinement, shear effects from the wall became important, the droplets were observed to take on a bullet-like shape, and two tails formed at the trailing edge of the droplet. The critical value of the capillary number and confinement needed for the formation of tails varied with the surfactant used.
RNS Montgomery reduction algorithms using quadratic residuosity (2018)

The residue number system (RNS) is a method for representing an integer as an n-tuple of its residues with respect to a given base. Since RNS has inherent parallelism, it is actively researched to implement a faster processing system for public-key cryptography. This paper proposes new RNS Montgomery reduction algorithms, Q-RNSs, the main part of which is twice a matrix multiplication. Letting n be the size of a base set, the number of unit modular multiplications in the proposed algorithms is evaluated as $$(2n^2+n)$$ . This is achieved by posing a new restriction on the RNS base, namely, that its elements should have a certain quadratic residuosity. This makes it possible to remove some multiplication steps from conventional algorithms, and thus the new algorithms are simpler and have higher regularity compared with conventional ones. From our experiments, it is confirmed that there are sufficient candidates for RNS bases meeting the quadratic residuosity requirements.
Isolation and Purification of Enterocin E-760 with Broad Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria (2007)

Strain NRRL B-30745, isolated from chicken ceca and identified as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium, or Enterococcus hirae, was initially identified as antagonistic to Campylobacter jejuni. The isolate produced a 5,362-Da bacteriocin (enterocin) that inhibits the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, S. enterica serovar Gallinarum, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, and 20 other Campylobacter species isolates. The enterocin, E-760, was isolated and purified by cation-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatographies. The proteinaceous nature of purified enterocin E-760 was demonstrated upon treatment with various proteolytic enzymes. Specifically, the antimicrobial peptide was found to be sensitive to beta-chymotrypsin, proteinase K, and papain, while it was resistant to lysozyme and lipase. The enterocin demonstrated thermostability by retaining activity after 5 min at 100 degrees C and was stable at pH values between 5.0 and 8.7. However, activity was lost below pH 3.0 and above pH 9.5. Administration of enterocin E-760-treated feed significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the colonization of young broiler chicks experimentally challenged and colonized with two strains of C. jejuni by more than 8 log(10) CFU. Enterocin E-760 also significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the colonization of naturally acquired Campylobacter species in market age broiler chickens when administered in treated feed 4 days prior to analysis.
Upadacitinib in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis and Inadequate Response to Biologics: 56-Week Data from the Randomized Controlled Phase 3 SELECT-PsA 2 Study (2021)

NCT03104374.
Growth inhibitory effects of the dual ErbB1/ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKI-166 on human prostate cancer xenografts. (2002)

Experiments with human prostate cancer cell lines have shown that forced overexpression of the ErbB2-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) promotes androgen-independent growth and increases androgen receptor-transcriptional activity in a ligand-independent fashion. To investigate the relationship between ErbB-RTK signaling and androgen in genetically unmanipulated human prostate cancer, we performed biochemical and biological studies with the dual ErbB1/ErbB2 RTK inhibitor PKI-166 using human prostate cancer xenograft models with isogenic sublines reflecting the transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent growth. In the presence of low androgen concentrations, PKI-166 showed profound growth-inhibitory effects on tumor growth, which could be partially reversed by androgen add-back. At physiological androgen concentrations, androgen withdrawal greatly enhanced the ability of PKI-166 to retard tumor growth. The level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation correlated with the response to PKI-166 treatment, whereas the expression levels of ErbB1 and ErbB2 did not. These results suggest that ErbB1/ErbB2 RTKs play an important role in the biology of androgen-independent prostate cancer and provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of inhibitors targeted to this pathway.
Fully Phased Sequence of a Diploid Human Genome Determined de Novo from the DNA of a Single Individual (2020)

In recent years, improved sequencing technology and computational tools have made <i>de novo</i> genome assembly more accessible. Many approaches, however, generate either an unphased or only partially resolved representation of a diploid genome, in which polymorphisms are detected but not assigned to one or the other of the homologous chromosomes. Yet chromosomal phase information is invaluable for the understanding of phenotypic trait inheritance in the cases of compound heterozygosity, allele-specific expression or <i>cis</i>-acting variants. Here we use a combination of tools and sequencing technologies to generate a <i>de novo</i> diploid assembly of the human primary cell line WI-38. First, data from PacBio single molecule sequencing and Bionano Genomics optical mapping were combined to generate an unphased assembly. Next, 10x Genomics linked reads were combined with the hybrid assembly to generate a partially phased assembly. Lastly, we developed and optimized methods to use short-read (Illumina) sequencing of flow cytometry-sorted metaphase chromosomes to provide phase information. The final genome assembly was almost fully (94%) phased with the addition of approximately 2.5-fold coverage of Illumina data from the sequenced metaphase chromosomes. The diploid nature of the final <i>de novo</i> genome assembly improved the resolution of structural variants between the WI-38 genome and the human reference genome. The phased WI-38 sequence data are available for browsing and download at wi38.research.calicolabs.com. Our work shows that assembling a completely phased diploid genome <i>de novo</i> from the DNA of a single individual is now readily achievable.
A Patient-Mounted, Telerobotic Tool for CT-Guided Percutaneous Interventions (2008)

This paper describes Robopsy, an economical, patient-mounted, telerobotic, needle guidance and insertion system, that enables faster, more accurate targeting during CT-guided biopsies and other percutaneous interventions. The current state of the art imaging technology facilitates precise location of sites within the body; however, there is no mechanical equivalent to then facilitate precise targeting. The lightweight, disposable actuator unit, which affixes directly to the patient, is composed primarily of inexpensive, injection molded, radiolucent, plastic parts that snap together, whereas the four micromotors and control electronics are retained and reused. By attaching to a patient, via an adhesive pad and optional strap points, the device moves passively with patient motion and is thus inherently safe. The device’s mechanism tilts the needle to a two degree-of-freedom compound angle, toward the patient’s head or feet (in and out of the scanner bore) and left or right with respect to the CT slice, via two motor-actuated concentric, crossed, and partially nested hoops. A carriage rides in the hoops and interfaces with the needle via a two degree-of-freedom friction drive that both grips the needle and inserts it. This is accomplished by two rubber rollers, one passive and one driven, that grip the needle via a rack and pinion drive. Gripping is doctor controlled; thus when not actively being manipulated, the needle is released and allowed to oscillate within a defined region so as to minimize tissue laceration due to the patient breathing. Compared to many other small robots intended for medical applications, Robopsy is an order of magnitude less costly and lighter while offering appropriate functionality to improve patient care and procedural efficiency. This demonstrates the feasibility of developing cost-effective disposable medical robots, which could enable their more widespread application.
Complementarities and systems : understanding japanese economic organization (1994)

The performance of the Japanese economy in the last forty five years, during which it has gone from post war destitution and near collapse to one of the richest and most productive in the world is unmatched in human history. The purposes of this essay are to interpret both the characteristic features of Japanese economic organization in terms of the concept of complementarity, and some recent developments in Japanese economy, and to speculate on its future.
A new self-expanding aortic stent valve with annular fixation: in vitro haemodynamic assessment (2009)

Implantation of this new self-expanding stent valve with annular fixation has little impact on haemodynamics and has the potential for working heart implantation in vivo. Flow reduction (rapid pacing) is not necessary.
Miniaturized bandpass filter using coupled stacked LC resonators in an organic build-up substrate (2009)

In this paper, very small stacked LC resonator structures in an organic build-up substrate and their coupling and excitation techniques are presented to design bandpass filters for 3.5 GHz WiMAX applications. Using multilayer stacked LC resonator structures can greatly reduce the required size of a bandpass filter. In addition, the structures can generate multiple transmission zeros to enhance rolloff rates or desired stopband attenuation for the designed bandpass filters. This paper also develops a simple technique of etching a rectangular C-shaped slot in the bottom ground plane to flexibly adjust the transmission-zero frequencies without changing the size and shape of the designed bandpass filters.
Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease as Measured by Endogenous Carbon Monoxide Production: A Preliminary Report (1988)

To detect and quantitate temporal variations of the hemolytic rate in sickle cell disease, the authors measured endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) production in five normal subjects, nine patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) in steady clinical state, and two patients with sickle cell-hemoglobin C (SC) disease in and out of pain crises. The red blood cell life span calculated from these data (RCLSco) ranged from 81.2 to 102.9 days (mean +/- standard deviation [SD] 88.0 +/- 9.2, coefficient of variation [CV] 10.2%) for the normal subjects and 8.0-24.7 days (mean +/- SD 12.1 +/- 5.1, CV 42.1%) for those with SS. Although the individual figures for RCLSco for the normal subjects and those with SS fell within the range previously obtained by radioisotopic techniques for the respective groups, the mean values calculated from the CO technique were slightly (though not significantly) shorter for the normal subjects and about 25% shorter for the subjects with SS (P less than 0.01). Repetitive studies were performed in four subjects with SS who were clinically stable; the temporal variability in the calculated hemolytic rate differed considerably from patient to patient (CV 3.6%, 7.0%, 17.0%, 28.0%). In two patients concurrent RCLS studies were performed by the CO technique and 51Cr tagged red blood cells. In one patient, the RCLS was similar by the two techniques, in the other, a two exponent 51Cr curve did not permit calculation of RCLS. In the two patients with SC disease there was no difference in RCLSco during and after recovery from pain crisis. Although the CO technique may overestimate the turnover of circulating heme mass, especially in the presence of hemolysis, the results of serial studies in a small number of patients with SS suggest but do not prove temporal variations in hemolytic rate in SS.
Collisional Focusing (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Optical near-field probe with embedded gallium scattering center (2009)

An optical near-field probe is proposed in which gallium is embedded into the tip of a tapered optical glass fiber to form a scattering center. Gallium is embedded by implantation during the process of probe sharpening by a raster-scanned focused ion beam. Using quasielectrostatic approximation, it is predicted that the presence of gallium should improve the scattering efficiency by an order of magnitude in comparison with a probe without gallium implantation. Imaging of a polished waveguide with different probes shows that Ga implantation can improve the efficiency by 37 times.
Low excess loss conditions of polarization-maintaining fiber couplers (1988)

Loss characteristics and field intensity distributions of fused polarization-maintaining fiber couplers are measured. From the results, it is shown that excess loss spectra have a sinusoidal response. Further, the loss peaks of the usual polarization-maintaining and absorption-reducing (PANDA) fiber couplers with indexdepressed stress applying parts are larger than those of PANDA couplers with index-matched stress applying parts. It is also confirmed that low excess loss of <0.1 dB can be obtained for a large waist diameter of the fused region even in conventional PANDA fiber couplers.
Inorganic optical dielectric films (1996)

Dielectric coatings have been in use for a very long time, yet today they represent a steadily growing world-wide industry. A wide range of materials, and applications from the near ultraviolet into the infrared are in use, or under development. This paper is a brief survey, including references to the literature, and a discussion of materials diagnostics. Discussed is the microstructure, optical constants and their relationship as determined especially by optical measurements. This paper emphasizes the materials science aspects rather than applications.
Suppressing transthyretin production in mice, monkeys and humans using 2nd-Generation antisense oligonucleotides (2016)

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is a rare disease that results from the deposition of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) protein from the plasma into tissues as amyloid fibrils, leading to polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy. IONIS-TTR<sub>Rx</sub> (ISIS 420915) is a 2nd-Generation 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl) modified "2'-MOE" antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that targets the TTR RNA transcript and reduces the levels of the TTR transcript through an RNaseH1 mechanism of action, leading to reductions in both mutant and wild-type TTR protein. The activity of IONIS-TTR<sub>Rx</sub> to decrease TTR protein levels was studied in transgenic mice bearing the Ile84Ser human TTR mutant, in cynomolgus monkeys and in healthy human volunteers. Robust (>80%) reductions of plasma TTR protein were obtained in all three species treated with IONIS-TTR<sub>Rx</sub>, which in mice and monkeys was associated with substantial reductions in hepatic TTR RNA levels. These effects were dose-dependent and lasted for weeks post-dosing. In a Phase 1 healthy volunteer study, treatment with IONIS-TTR<sub>Rx</sub> for four weeks was well tolerated without any remarkable safety issues. TTR protein reductions up to 96% in plasma were observed. These nonclinical and clinical results support the ongoing Phase 3 development of IONIS-TTR<sub>Rx</sub> in patients with ATTR amyloidosis.