gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell-Type-Specific Regulation of the Retinoic Acid Receptor Mediated by the Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX (2000)

Malformations in the eye can be caused by either an excess or deficiency of retinoids. An early target gene of the retinoid metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), is that encoding one of its own receptors, the retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta). To better understand the mechanisms underlying this autologous regulation, we characterized the chick RARbeta2 promoter. The region surrounding the transcription start site of the avian RARbeta2 promoter is over 90% conserved with the corresponding region in mammals and confers strong RA-dependent transactivation in primary cultured embryonic retina cells. This response is selective for RAR but not retinoid X receptor-specific agonists, demonstrating a principal role for RAR(s) in retina cells. Retina cells exhibit a far higher sensitivity to RA than do fibroblasts or osteoblasts, a property we found likely due to expression of the orphan nuclear receptor TLX. Ectopic expression of TLX in fibroblasts resulted in increased sensitivity to RA induction, an effect that is conserved between chick and mammals. We have identified a cis element, the silencing element relieved by TLX (SET), within the RARbeta2 promoter region which confers TLX- and RA-dependent transactivation. These results indicate an important role for TLX in autologous regulation of the RARbeta gene in the eye.
Systematic design of chemical oscillators. 74. Newly designed permanganate-reductant chemical oscillators (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSystematic design of chemical oscillators. 74. Newly designed permanganate-reductant chemical oscillatorsChristopher J. Doona, Kenneth Kustin, Miklos Orban, and Irving R. EpsteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 20, 7484–7489Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00020a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00020a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrical stimulation as therapy for neurological disorders (2006)

This article outlines the basics of implantable neurological stimulators (INSs) and electrodes. Mechanisms of neural stimulation relevant to the clinician are reviewed, including the activating function, strength-duration relationship, and strength-distance relationship as well as safety considerations including safe charge and charge density levels. Clinical examples are taken from spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for pain and deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders such as essential tremor and Parkinson's disease
Imaging of cortical oxygen tension and blood flow following targeted photothrombotic stroke (2018)

We present a dual-modality imaging system combining laser speckle contrast imaging and oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence to simultaneously map cortical blood flow and oxygen tension ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>pO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> ) in mice. Phosphorescence signal localization is achieved through the use of a digital micromirror device (DMD) that allows for selective excitation of arbitrary regions of interest. By targeting both excitation maxima of the oxygen-sensitive Oxyphor PtG4, we are able to examine the effects of excitation wavelength on the measured phosphorescence lifetime. We demonstrate the ability to measure the differences in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>pO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> between arteries and veins and large changes during a hyperoxic challenge. We dynamically monitor blood flow and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>pO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> during DMD-targeted photothrombotic occlusion of an arteriole and highlight the presence of an ischemia-induced depolarization. Chronic tracking of the ischemic lesion over eight days revealed a rapid recovery, with the targeted vessel fully reperfusing and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>pO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> returning to baseline values within five days. This system has broad applications for studying the acute and chronic pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and other vascular diseases of the brain.
Three Practical Aspects of Massive MIMO: Intermittent User Activity, Pilot Synchronism, and Asymmetric Deployment (2015)

This paper considers three aspects of Massive MIMO (multiple- input multiple-output) communication networks that have received little attention in previous works, but are important to understand when designing and implementing this promising wireless technology. First, we analyze how bursty data traffic behaviors affect the system. Using a probabilistic model for intermittent user activity, we show that the spectral efficiency (SE) scales gracefully with reduced user activity. Then, we make an analytic comparison between synchronous and asynchronous pilot signaling, and prove that the choice between these has no impact on the SE. Finally, we provide an analytical and numerical study of the SE achieved with random network deployment.
K/pi Fluctuations at Relativistic Energies (2010)

We report results for K/{pi} fluctuations from Au+Au collisions at {radical}sNN = 19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our results for K/{pi} fluctuations in central collisions show little dependence on the incident energies studied and are on the same order as results observed by NA49 at the Super Proton Synchrotron in central Pb+Pb collisions at {radical}sNN = 12.3 and 17.3 GeV. We also report results for the collision centrality dependence of K/{pi} fluctuations as well as results for K{sup +}/{pi}{sup +}, K{sup -}/{pi}{sup -}, K{sup +}/{pi}{sup -}, and K{sup -}/{pi}{sup +} fluctuations. We observe that the K/{pi} fluctuations scale with the multiplicity density, dN/d{eta}, rather than the number of participating nucleons.
Massive carrier aggregation in LTE-advanced pro: impact on uplink control information and corresponding enhancements (2016)

3GPP began standardization of carrier aggregation (CA) in LTE-A Rel. 10 to combine up to five component carriers (CCs) for facilitating wider transmission bandwidth of 100 MHz. Further enhancements followed in Rel. 11 and Rel. 12 to enable features such as aggregation of carriers between time-division duplex (TDD) and frequency-division duplex (FDD) frame structures. In LTE-A Pro Rel. 13, massive CA enhancements were defined to combine more than five CCs with the initial focus on the downlink. While the benefits of CA have been evident, operating an even larger number of downlink carriers results in increased overhead on the uplink as there is a need to send the combined control information for all the CCs. In this article we give an overview of the standardized enhancements, their impact on uplink control information overhead and its transmission, new control channel formats and their link level investigation in 3GPP-defined simulation assumptions.
Variants of beta-glucosidase (2023)

The present invention relates to variants of a parent beta-glucosidase, comprising a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 142, 183, 266, and 703 of amino acids 1 to 842 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or corresponding to positions 142, 183, 266, and 705 of amino acids 1 to 844 of SEQ ID NO: 70, wherein the variant has beta-glucosidase activity. The present invention also relates to nucleotide sequences encoding the variant beta-glucosidases and to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleotide sequences.
Vehicle stability control via VRFT with probabilistic robustness guarantees (2016)

In four-wheel steering vehicles, the rear wheels can be used to adjust the driver's front action to enhance vehicle stability and performance. To the best of the authors' knowledge, all the existing control design methods rely on a simple model of the lateral dynamics, which may lead to unsatisfactory results in case of uncertainty. In this paper, we propose to use a modified version of the (model-free) Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning approach, where probabilistic guarantees are given for operating conditions different from the identification experiment. We validate the proposed approach on a thorough simulation campaign using a multibody simulator.
Self-Reporting Photoluminescent Porous Silicon Microparticles for Drug Delivery (2017)

A porous Si (pSi) microparticle-based delivery system is investigated, and the intrinsic luminescence from the particles is employed as a probe to monitor the release of a model protein payload, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The microparticles consist of a core Si skeleton surrounded by a SiO<sub>2</sub> shell. Two types of pSi are tested, one with smaller (10 nm) pores and the other with larger (20 nm) pores. The larger pore material yields a higher mass loading of BSA (3 vs 20%). Two different methods are used to load BSA into these nanostructures: the first involves loading by electrostatic physisorption, and the second involves trapping of BSA in the pSi matrix by local precipitation of magnesium silicate. Protein release from the former system is characterized by a burst release, whereas in the latter system, release is controlled by dissolution of the pSi/magnesium silicate matrix. The protein release characteristics are studied under accelerated (0.1 M aqueous KOH, 21 °C) and physiologically relevant (phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, 37 °C) conditions, and the near-infrared photoluminescence signal from the pSi skeleton is monitored as a function of time and correlated with protein release and silicon dissolution. The thickness of the Si core and the SiO<sub>2</sub> shell are systematically varied, and it is found that the luminescence signature can be tuned to provide a signal that either scales with protein elution or that changes rapidly near the end of useful life of the delivery system. Although payload release and particle dissolution are not driven by the same mechanism, the correlations between luminescence and payload elution for the various formulations can be used to define design rules for this self-reporting delivery system.
Speech Recognition System Combination for Machine Translation (2007)

The majority of state-of-the-art speech recognition systems make use of system combination. The combination approaches adopted have traditionally been tuned to minimising word error rates (WERs). In recent years there has been a growing interest in taking the output from speech recognition systems in one language and translating it into another. This paper investigates the use of cross-site combination approaches in terms of both WER and impact on translation performance. In addition, the stages involved in modifying the output from a speech-to-text (STT) system to be suitable for translation are described. Two source languages, Mandarin and Arabic, are recognised and then translated using a phrase-based statistical machine translation system into English. Performance of individual systems and cross-site combination using cross-adaptation and ROVER are given. Results show that the best STT combination scheme in terms of WER is not necessarily the most appropriate when translating speech.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Intrinsic Breast Tumor Subtypes, Race, and Long-Term Survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 22K&lt;/p&gt;
Using VisTrails and Provenance for Teaching Scientific Visualization (2010)

Abstract Over the last 20 years, visualization courses have been developed and offered at universities around the world. Many of these courses use established visualization libraries and tools (e.g. VTK, ParaView, AVS, VisIt) as a way to provide students a hands‐on experience, allowing them to prototype and explore different visualization techniques. In this paper, we describe our experiences using VisTrails as a platform to teach scientific visualization. VisTrails is an open‐source system that was designed to support exploratory computational tasks such as visualization and data analysis. Unlike previous scientific workflow and visualization systems, VisTrails provides a comprehensive provenance management infrastructure. We discuss how different features of the system, and in particular, the provenance information have changed the dynamics of the Scientific Visualization course we offer at the University of Utah. We also describe our initial attempts at using the provenance information to better assess our teaching techniques and student performance.
DSP Based Monitors with More Functionalities for Optical Coherent Transmissions (2016)

We review the recent progresses on the DSP based monitors in optical transmission system. DSP based monitors not only enhance the estimation accuracy but also provide new functionalities in many new application scenarios.
Wide dynamic range sensing in photonic crystal microcavity biosensors (2015)

Typical L-type photonic crystal (PC) microcavities have a dynamic range of approximately 3-4 orders of magnitude in biosensing. We experimentally demonstrated that multiplexing of PC sensors with different geometry can achieve a wide dynamic range covering 6 orders of magnitude with potential for 8 or more orders with suitable optimization.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐6‐dimethylamino‐4‐oxopyrazolo(3,4‐d)(1,3)oxazine Derivatives. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of photo-acid redeposition in 193-nm photoresists (2007)

Time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging is demonstrated as a sensitive qualitative method for characterizing surface acid concentrations and accompanying chemical changes at resist surfaces. We show its utility in analyzing the 'chemical flare' phenomenon associated with some chemically amplified photoresists. Two commercial 193 nm photoresists were studied: 'photoresist A' displays lithographic defects linked to chemical flare at die edges; 'photoresist B' does not. TOF-SIMS imaging of the surface of 'photoresist A' following exposure and post-exposure bake (PEB) reveals that die edge defects are well correlated with pronounced emanation of surface acid concentrations from, and blocking group depletion beyond, the die edge. Both photoresists also exhibit longer-range surface acidification that is not well correlated with lithographic effects. A plurality of evidence leads us to infer that photoacid migration from exposed to unexposed regions underlies the lithographic defects observed in 'photoresist A.'
Calibration of a monitoring system for antenna arrays based on six-port junctions (1992)

A novel approach to monitoring the performance of an antenna feed network using an array of six-port junctions is described. The system uses six-port junctions embedded between pairs of elements of the array. The DC signals at the output of the junction can be used to derive complex wave ratios. The validity of the method has been verified experimentally by simulating a two-element system with a pair of matched transmission lines. An algorithm is proposed to calibrate the junctions based on radiation pattern measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of fluorinated acyclo-nucleosides and their phosphoramidates (2016)

A novel series of tetrafluoro and hexafluoro acyclic nucleosides and their phosphoramidates were successfully prepared from commercially available 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol and 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol in four to six steps. Their ability to block HIV, HCV, HSV-1, and HBV replication along with their cytotoxicity toward HepG2, human lymphocyte, CEM, and Vero cells was assessed.
Unique [Mn6Bi5]− Nanowires in KMn6Bi5: A Quasi-One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Metal (2018)

We report a new quasi-one-dimensional compound KMn<sub>6</sub>Bi<sub>5</sub> composed of parallel nanowires crystallizing in a monoclinic space group C2/ m with a = 22.994(2) Å, b = 4.6128(3) Å, c = 13.3830(13) Å and β = 124.578(6)°. The nanowires are infinite [Mn<sub>6</sub>Bi<sub>5</sub>]<sup>-</sup> columns each of which is composed of a nanotube of Bi atoms acting as the cladding with a nanorod of Mn atoms located in the central axis of the nanotubes. The nanorods of Mn atoms inside the Bi cladding are stabilized by Mn-Mn bonding and are defined by distorted Mn-centered cluster icosahedra of Mn<sub>13</sub> sharing their vertices along the b axis. The [Mn<sub>6</sub>Bi<sub>5</sub>]<sup>-</sup> nanowires are linked with weak internanowire Bi-Bi bonds and charge balanced with K<sup>+</sup> ions. The [Mn<sub>6</sub>Bi<sub>5</sub>]<sup>-</sup> nanowires were directly imaged by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic susceptibility studies show one-dimensional characteristics with an antiferromagnetic transition at ∼75 K and a small average effective magnetic moment (1.56 μ<sub>B</sub>/Mn for H ∥ b and 1.37 μ<sub>B</sub>/Mn for H ⊥ b) of Mn from Curie-Weiss fits above 150 K. Specific heat measurements reveal an electronic specific heat coefficient γ of 6.5(2) mJ K<sup>-2</sup>(mol-Mn)<sup>-1</sup> and a small magnetic entropy change Δ S<sub>mag</sub> ≈ 1.6 J K<sup>-1</sup> (mol-Mn)<sup>-1</sup> across the antiferromagnetic transition. In contrast to a metallic resistivity along the column, the resistivity perpendicular to the column shows a change from a semiconducting behavior at high temperatures to a metallic one at low temperatures, indicating an incoherent-to-coherent crossover of the intercolumn tunneling of electrons.
Extensions et applications de l'algorithme SAEM pour les modèles mixtes (2006)

DANS CETTE THESE NOUS NOUS INTERESSONS A L'ESTIMATION DE PARAMETRES DES MODELES MIXTES. CES MODELES SONT TRAITES COMME DES MODELES A DONNEES MANQUANTES. NOUS UTILISONS UNE VERSION STOCHASTIQUE DE L'ALGORITHME EM POUR CALCULER LES ESTIMATEURS DES PARAMETRES DE CES MODELES. NOUS PROPOSONS PLUSIEURS APPLICATIONS ET EXTENSIONS DE L'ALGORITHME SAEM (STOCHASTIC APPROXIMATION EM) POUR LES MODELES MIXTES NON LINEAIRES ET POUR LES MODELES LINEAIRES GENERALISES MIXTES (GLMM). L'ALGORITHME SAEM EST ADAPTE AU CONTEXTE DE L'ANALYSE DES COURBES DE CROISSANCE EN GENETIQUE ANIMALE EN CONSIDERANT UN MODELE MIXTE NON LINEAIRE QUI TIENT COMPTE DES EFFETS GENETIQUES LIES AUX ANIMAUX. NOUS PROPOSONS ENSUITE UNE EXTENSION DE SAEM QUI PERMET D'AUGMENTER LA VITESSE DE CONVERGENCE DE L'ALGORITHME ET D'EVITER DES MAXIMA LOCAUX DE LA VRAISEMBLANCE DANS CERTAINS CAS. LE MODELE EST ICI ELARGIT EN INTRODUISANT UN PARAMETRE AUXILIAIRE ACCELERANT LA CONVERGENCE DE SAEM. CE NOUVEL ALGORITHME EST NOMME PX-SAEM CAR IL COMBINE PX-EM ET SAEM. NOUS PROPOSONS AUSSI UNE NOUVELLE PROCEDURE D'ESTIMATION DES COMPOSANTES DE VARIANCE DANS LES MODELES NON LINEAIRES MIXTES, MIMANT LA METHODE D'ESTIMATION DU MAXIMUM DE VRAISEMBLANCE RESTREINTE (REML) PAR LE RECOURS A UNE VRAISEMBLANCE INTEGREE. CETTE METHODE EST MISE EN ŒUVRE GRACE A SAEM ET PERMET DE REDUIRE LE BIAIS DES ESTIMATIONS DE VARIANCE EN COMPARAISON AVEC LES ESTIMATIONS OBTENUES PAR LE MAXIMUM DE VRAISEMBLANCE. FINALEMENT, NOUS ETUDIONS L'APPLICATION DE L'ALGORITHME SAEM DANS LE CADRE DES GLMM EN ETUDIANT LE MODELE PROBIT MIXTE POUR L'ANALYSE DE DONNEES BINAIRES. NOUS DETAILLONS COMMENT APPLIQUER SAEM DANS CE CONTEXTE MAIS AUSSI PX-SAEM ET LA TECHNIQUE REML.
Single-mode, 1 Gb/s operation of double-fused vertical-cavity lasers at 1.54 μm (1996)

We demonstrate and characterize single-mode fiber-optic transmission using vertical-cavity lasers operating at 1.54 μm. The experiments were performed with 10-μm diameter double-fused InGaAsP strain-compensated quantum-well vertical-cavity lasers that operate continuously at room temperature with a side-mode suppression-ratio of 35 dB under pseudorandom modulation at 1 Gb/s. The bit-error rate was 3/spl middot/10/sup -12/ after transmission through 6.4 km of standard single-mode fiber. The maximum bandwidth was 2.3 GHz at a bias of 5.0 mA. The spectral linewidth was less than 0.1 nm.
Intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation in rats with experimental liver injury: Morphological and morphometric studies (1989)

Isolated rat hepatocytes were transplanted into the splenic parenchyma of syngeneic animals. The effects on the degree of colonization by the transplanted cells of three forms of experimental liver injury in recipient animals were studied. Significant colonization was observed in animals with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced injury combined with portacaval shunt (PCS) and in animals with common bile duct (CBD) ligation but not in control animals or in animals with CCl4-induced injury alone. Transplanted cells in the CCl4/PCS group resembled normal hepatocytes. In contrast, in the CBD group, the intrasplenic hepatocytes exhibited a pattern of 'ductular metaplasia' similar to that observed in the obstructed liver of the recipients. Transplanted syngeneic hepatocytes can thus proliferate in the spleen in response to liver injury in the recipient. The morphological appearances of the transplanted cells can be modified depending on the nature of the liver injury.
Hybrid Fiber Optics (2010)

Instruments and devices based on optical fiber were originally simple and passive. That has changed. A variety of devices uses optical fiber for sensing, communications and various optoelectronic functions. This paper discusses the creation of a hybrid optical fiber that incorporates not just the light transmission function but other types of materials and new multiple fiber arrangements. Recent experiences with a fiber draw tower reveal new possibilities for achieving multifunctional devices able to perform diverse instrumentation sensing applications. This is achievable even with feature sizes, when desired, on the nanoscale. For instance, fiber comprised of one or more light guides and one or more electrically conducting wires is feasible. This combination of optical fiber and metal wire may be termed a wiber . The wiber could determine temperature and proximity to surfaces, detect radio-frequency radiation, and provide electrical power. At the same time, a wiber would have the capability to simultaneously transmit light where the light is utilized to sense temperature and proximity and give illumination. There are many possible uses--depending on design and configuration--cutting across many technologies and programs.