gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compact wideband rat-race hybrid utilizing composite right/left-handed transmission lines (2013)

This paper presents a compact wideband ratrace hybrid composed of composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TLs). Using CRLH-TLs with phase delays of -90 degrees and a right-handed transmission line (RH-TL) with 90 degrees at a design frequency, a relative bandwidth of about 36 % can be obtained at the design frequency of 4 GHz. Furthermore, size reduction of about 60 % can be simultaneously achieved compared with a conventional rat-race hybrid utilizing only RH-TLs based on a distributed circuit theory. The validity of this design procedure has been demonstrated by em-simulations and experiments. Moreover, a trial rat-race hybrid can maintain wideband characteristics and no variation of insertion losses up to 20 dBm input power.
Mesoscopic helical architectures via self-assembly of porphyrin-based discotic systems (2017)

Mesoscopic super-helices with preferred helicity have been serendipitously formed from the self-assembly of electroactive extended core discotic molecules. The investigation at dilute concentrations reveals intramolecular hydrogen-bonding and π-π stacking interactions as the driving force of the chiral self-assembly at different length scales.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Figure Legends from Epigenetic Silencing of miR-490-3p Reactivates the Chromatin Remodeler SMARCD1 to Promote <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>–Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Observation and interpretation of paramagnetic defects in Brazilian and Central African carbonados (2003)

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies have been used to study Brazilian and Central African carbonados. We report the first observation of the N2V+ and N2 + nitrogen defect centers in carbonados. The fact that Brazilian carbonados contain the N3V (previously reported), N2V+, and N2+ defects, the formation of which requires complicated aggregation of nitrogen, indicates histories at elevated temperature and pressure. The observation of both the radiation-induced A1 defect, which has an annealing temperature of 700 K, and radiation defects containing two and/or five vacancies, suggest a continuous process of the formation and transformation of radiation defects in the carbonado under variable pressure and temperature conditions while in the upper mantle. The temperature at which these defects are formed varies from 300 to 1500 K. In addition we report a hydrogen-containing defect labeled H1, previously only observed in synthetic diamonds prepared by chemical vapor deposition. Together with the previously reported light carbon isotope ratio, the results of this study confirm the hypothesis that carbonados are derived from hydrocarbon source material.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation Yielding Chiral Diarylmethines with Weakly Coordinating or Noncoordinating Substituents. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Key Factors of Coal Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production (2010)

Abstract not Available.
[Therapeutic efficacy of Ingavirin, a new domestic formulation against influenza A virus (H3N2)]. (2008)

Investigation of the therapeutic efficacy of Ingavirin (Valenta Farmacevtica, Russia) against influenza virus A (H3N2) vs. Tamiflu, Remantadin and Arbidol showed that in daily doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg (equal by the efficacy to the human doses of 90 and 120 mg) Ingavirin was effective in protection of the albino mice infected by the virus in a dose of 10 to 15 LD50. The protective efficacy was 38.3-39.2% and the increase of the average lifespan amounted to 4.2-4.4 days. The Ingavirin efficacy was comparable with that of Remantadine, markedly exceeded that of Arbidol and was lower than that of Tamiflu. Investigation of the Ingavirin influence in doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg on the dynamics and level of the influenza virus A/Aichi/2/68 reproduction in the lungs of the infected albino mice weighing 10-12 g revealed that during the whole observation period in the doses tested Ingavirin was effective in inhibition of the influenza virus reproduction. During the whole period of the observation (5 days) Ingavirin was effective in inhibiting the formation of the virus specific hemagglutinin in the target organ.
One-Dimensional Model to Quantify NOx Reduction in Gas Turbines Using EGR (1998)

A one dimensional model based on fundamental principles of gas turbine thermodynamics and combustion processes was constructed to quantify the principle of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for NOx reduction. The model utilizes the commercial process simulation software ASPEN PLUS®. Employing a set of 8 reactions including the Zeldovich mechanism, the model predicted thermal NOx formation as function of amount of recirculation and the degree of recirculate cooling. Results show that addition of sufficient quantities of uncooled recirculate to the inlet air (i.e. EGR&gt;∼4%) could significantly decrease NOx emissions but at a cost of lower thermal efficiency and specific work. Cooling the recirculate also reduced NOx at lower quantities of recirculation. This has also the benefit of decreasing losses in the thermal efficiency and in the specific work output. Comparison of a ‘rubber’ and ‘non-rubber’ gas turbine confirmed that residence time is one important factor in NOx formation.
Synthesis of boron nitride multi-walled nanotubes by laser ablation technique (2009)

Carbon nanotubes are known as prospective material for the optoelectronics, vacuum electronics, non-linear optics and for the composite material synthesis. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) were obtained only recently. It is expected that these nanotubes possess the unique properties. BN is much more chemically inert than carbon. Its oxidation temperature is above 1000°C as the graphite is totally oxidized already at 650°C. BNNTs are wide-gap semiconductors with the 6 eV gap. In case of the introducing of the carbon atoms into the BN nanotube wall its bandgap may be varied in wide range. This property is important for the UV optics.
Analysis of the effects of microbiome-related confounding factors on the reproducibility of the volatolomic test (2016)

Volatile organic compound (VOC) testing in breath has potential in gastric cancer (GC) detection. Our objective was to assess the reproducibility of VOCs in GC, and the effects of conditions modifying gut microbiome on the test results. Ten patients with GC were sampled for VOC over three consecutive days; 17 patients were sampled before and after H. pylori eradication therapy combined with a yeast probiotic; 61 patients were sampled before and after bowel cleansing (interventions affecting the microbiome). The samples were analyzed by: (1) gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), applying the non-parametric Wilcoxon test (level of significance p < 0.05); (2) by cross-reactive nanoarrays combined with pattern recognition. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used to build the classification models; and leave-one-out cross-validation analysis was used to classify the findings. Exhaled VOCs profiles were stable for GC patients over a three day period. Alpha pinene (p = 0.028) and ethyl acetate (p = 0.030) increased after the antibiotic containing eradication regimen; acetone (p = 0.0001) increased following bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy. We further hypothesize that S. boulardii given with the standard eradication regimen to re-establish the gut microbiome was the source for long-term ethyl acetate production. Differences between the initial and the follow-up sample were also revealed in the DFA analysis of the sensor data. VOC measurement results are well-reproducible in GC patients indicating a useful basis for potential disease diagnostics. However, interventions with a potential effect on the gut microbiome may have an effect upon the VOC results, and therefore should be considered for diagnostic accuracy.
Spinal cord schistosomiasis presenting as a spinal cord syndrome (2013)

Neurological manifestations of schistosomiasis are rare. Early treatment can prevent disability.1

A 28-year-old Sudanese man, living in Ireland for 5 years, presented with severe lower back pain, flaccid paraplegia, sensory level (T8) and urinary retention.

An MRI of the spine showed increased signal/mass-effect in the spinal cord from the T6 level down to conus medullaris and mild patchy enhancement of the abnormality following intravenous contrast (figures 1 and 2).



Figure 1 
A sagittal plane MRI …
Semiblind Channel and Carrier Frequency-Offset Estimation for Orthogonally Space-Time Block Coded MIMO Systems (2007)

The problem of joint channel and carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation is addressed in the context of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications using orthogonal space-time-block codes (OSTBCs). A new semiblind method is proposed to jointly estimate the channel matrix and the CFO parameter. Our method blindly estimates the CFO parameter along with a low-dimensional subspace where the channel is located, and then uses a few training blocks to extract the channel parameters from this subspace.
ON-BOARD HYDROGEN STORAGE FOR A CITY TRANSIT BUS (1998)

An electric bus was modified to use hydrogen fuel for demonstration in the city of Augusta, Georgia, USA. The hydrogen fuel is stored in a solid form using an on-board metal hydride storage system. The storage system performs better than expected.
Thermal Near-field Optical Spectroscopy (2012)

Scattering near-field microscopy with heated tips is used to spectroscopically characterize the spatially and spectrally distinct infrared thermal near-field demonstrating for the first time the resonant enhancement of the underlying electromagnetic local density of states.
The clinical impact of staging bone marrow examination on treatment decisions and prognostic assessment of lymphoma patients (2015)

Summary This study investigates the value of performing a staging bone marrow in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma ( DLBCL ), follicular lymphoma ( FL ) and classical hodgkin lymphoma ( CHL ). The results of 3112 staging bone marrow examinations were assessed for impact on prognostic assessment and critical treatment decisions. The detection of marrow involvement altered the disease‐specific prognostic index for 4·3% of DLBCL , 6·2% of FL and 0·6% of CHL but marrow involvement in DLBCL was an independent prognostic factor. Knowing the marrow status potentially changed treatment in 92 patients, detection of these patients would have required 854 examinations to be performed.
Protein tyrosine kinase activity in breast cancer and its relation to prognostic indicators. (1996)

Tyrosine kinase dependent oncogenes and growth factor receptors are of prognostic importance in breast cancer, but the relation of cytosolic protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity to traditional prognostic indicators is poorly defined. We determined cytosolic PTK activity in tumor extracts of 61 women with invasive breast cancer, including 51 primary specimens and 12 nodal or metastatic specimens, 7 women with in situ breast cancer, and 8 control breast specimens. PTK activity (pmol/min/mg) was measured in a dot blot assay using phosphotyrosine antibodies to detect phosphorylated tyrosyl residues in the tissue extracts. Compared with control specimens (mean PTK = 20.5), tyrosine kinase activity was significantly greater in invasive primary cancers (mean PTK = 298.1; p = 0.0008), and nodal/metastatic specimens (mean PTK = 491.5; p = 0.0009). PTK levels of invasive cancers did not correlate with age (p = 0.36), tumor size (p = 0.83), nodal status (p = 0.37), estrogen receptor status (p = 0.66), or progesterone receptor status (p = 0.09). Thus, while tyrosine kinase activity is increased in breast cancer, correlations with traditional prognostic indicators were not found.
Modeling the print-scan process for resilient data hiding (2005)

Print-scan resilient data hiding finds important applications in document security, and image copyright protection. In this paper, we build upon our previous work on print-scan resilient data hiding with the goal of providing a simple mathematical characterization for guiding the design of more sophisticated methods allowing higher volume of embedded data, or achieving more robustness. A model for print-scan process is proposed, which has three main components: a) effects due to mild cropping, b) colored high-frequency noise, and c) non-linear effects. It can be shown that cropping introduces unknown phase shift in the image spectrum. A new hiding method called Differential Quantization Index Modulation (DQIM) is proposed in which, information is hidden in the phase spectrum of images by quantizing the difference in phase of adjacent frequency locations. The unknown phase shift would get cancelled when the difference is taken. Using the proposed DQIM hiding in phase, we are able to survive the print-scan process with several hundred information bits hidden into the images.
Hypoglycaemia in sulphonylurea-treated subjects with type 2 diabetes undergoing Ramadan fasting: a five-country observational study (2011)

In this five-country observational study, nearly 20% of sulphonylurea-treated Muslim subjects with type 2 diabetes experienced symptomatic hypoglycaemia while fasting during Ramadan, with variations across sulphonylureas and countries.
Hexokinase 2 controls cellular stress response through localization of an RNA-binding protein (2015)

Subcellular localization of RNA-binding proteins is a key determinant of their ability to control RNA metabolism and cellular stress response. Using an RNAi-based kinome-wide screen, we identified hexokinase 2 (HK2) as a regulator of the cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNP A1 in response to hypertonic stress and human rhinovirus infection (HRV). We show that inhibition of HK2 expression or pharmacological inhibition of HK2 activity blocks the cytoplasmic accumulation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1), restores expression of B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), and protects cells against hypertonic stress-induced apoptosis. Reduction of HK2 protein levels by knockdown results in decreased HRV replication, a delay in HRV-induced cell death, and a reduced number of infected cells, all of which can be rescued by forced expression of a cytoplasm-restricted hnRNP A1. Our data elucidate a novel role for HK2 in cellular stress response and viral infection that could be exploited for therapeutic intervention.
Local thermometry of self-heated nanoscale devices (2016)

Hot spots with dimensions of only a few nanometers form in numerous nanoelectronic devices. Based on recent advances in spatial resolution, these hotspots can now be studied by means of Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM). Here, we discuss SThM for nanoscale thermometry in comparison with other established thermometry techniques. In situ measurements of semiconductor channels for logic, and phase change memory devices are used to demonstrate today's measurement capabilities. Temperature fields characterize not only energy dissipation in in-tact devices but can also serve to identify device failure and fabrication issues.
Ferroelectric liquid crystals. 6. Synthesis of nonracemic aryl cyanohydrin ethers (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFerroelectric liquid crystals. 6. Synthesis of nonracemic aryl cyanohydrin ethersDavid M. Walba, Kirk F. Eidman, and R. Curtis HaltiwangerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 20, 4939–4943Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00281a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00281a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Why Downlink Cyclic Delay Diversity Helps Uplink Transmit Diversity (2009)

In this paper, we show that the use of cyclic delay diversity (CDD) on the downlink (DL) can improve the performance of uplink (UL) diversity methods such as antenna selection in a time-division duplexing (TDD) system. An analytical framework for showing why CDD transmission on the DL improves UL diversity transmission in TDD system is provided. The analysis is used to quantify the gain in the UL received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when DL CDD is used. The analytical results show that for a 2times2 MIMO system that uses DL CDD, UL transmit diversity based on antenna selection improves the average UL SNR by 0.41 dB relative to the case when CDD is not being applied at the BS transmitter and improves the 1% CDF UL SNR by 1.58 dB. Measurement-based analysis validates the analytical results using measured frequency response of a MIMO system using a wideband channel sounder.
SARS-CoV-2 Monitoring in Wastewater Reveals Novel Variants and Biomarkers of Infection (2022)

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a popular tool for the early indication of community spread of infectious diseases. WBE emerged as an effective tool during the COVID-19 pandemic and has provided meaningful information to minimize the spread of infection. Here, we present a combination of analyses using the correlation of viral gene copies with clinical cases, sequencing of wastewater-derived RNA for the viral mutants, and correlative analyses of the viral gene copies with the bacterial biomarkers. Our study provides a unique platform for potentially using the WBE-derived results to predict the spread of COVID-19 and the emergence of new variants of concern. Further, we observed a strong correlation between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and changes in the microbial community of wastewater, particularly the significant changes in bacterial genera belonging to the families of <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> and <i>Actinomycetaceae</i>. Our study shows that microbial biomarkers could be utilized as prediction tools for future infectious disease surveillance and outbreak responses. Overall, our comprehensive analyses of viral spread, variants, and novel bacterial biomarkers will add significantly to the growing body of literature on WBE and COVID-19.
The concept “fog computing” — The evolutionary stage of development of infocommunication technologies (2018)

The paper Considers the continuing development of information and communication technologies in the context of the concept of the Internet of things, as well as the processing and analysis of large amounts of data, which led to the emergence of foggy calculations-a necessary condition for the further development of the concept of the Internet of things as a solution to the problem of increasing the bandwidth of data channels, which is required for intelligent terminal devices (IOT objects).
Immunogenicity of Novel DosR Regulon-Encoded Candidate Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Three High-Burden Populations in Africa (2009)

Increasing knowledge about DosR regulon-encoded proteins has led us to produce novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens for immunogenicity testing in human populations in three countries in Africa to which tuberculosis (TB) is endemic. A total of 131 tuberculin skin test-positive and/or ESAT-6/CFP10-positive, human immunodeficiency virus-negative adult household contacts of active pulmonary TB cases from South Africa (n = 56), The Gambia (n = 26), and Uganda (n = 49) were tested for gamma interferon responses to 7 classical and 51 DosR regulon-encoded M. tuberculosis recombinant protein antigens. ESAT-6/CFP10 fusion protein evoked responses in >75% of study participants in all three countries. Of the DosR regulon-encoded antigens tested, Rv1733c was the most commonly recognized by participants from both South Africa and Uganda and the third most commonly recognized antigen in The Gambia. The four most frequently recognized DosR regulon-encoded antigens in Uganda (Rv1733c, Rv0081, Rv1735c, and Rv1737c) included the three most immunogenic antigens in South Africa. In contrast, Rv3131 induced the highest percentage of responders in Gambian contacts (38%), compared to only 3.4% of Ugandan contacts and no South African contacts. Appreciable percentages of TB contacts with a high likelihood of latent M. tuberculosis infection responded to several novel DosR regulon-encoded M. tuberculosis proteins. In addition to significant similarities in antigen recognition profiles between the three African population groups, there were also disparities, which may stem from genetic differences between both pathogen and host populations. Our findings have implications for the selection of potential TB vaccine candidates and for determining biosignatures of latent M. tuberculosis infection, active TB disease, and protective immunity.
In-line walkaway VSP processing and integration (2003)

During July 2002 a large vertical aperture land walkaway data set (154 levels) was acquired simultaneously with&lt;br&gt;3D surface seismic operations. The objectives were to acquire data for 1) calibrated surface seismic processing, 2) high&lt;br&gt;resolution imaging near the borehole and 3) AVO measurements. This paper deals with the computations relevant to&lt;br&gt;integrated surface processing; with model calibration and in-line walkaway data processing for imaging and AVO.&lt;br&gt;Input to surface seismic processing came in several forms: an effective anisotropic velocity model derived from&lt;br&gt;direct times to guide velocity analysis, a calibrated model for ray-based spreading, transmission and Q compensation&lt;br&gt;applied prestack, modeling for optimum mute design and simulations and corridor stacks for borehole match-driven&lt;br&gt;optimized demultiple processing.&lt;br&gt;Walkaway processing includes surface-consistent vector wavefield processing, inverse Q filtering, elastic&lt;br&gt;wavefield separation and deconvolution done in the t-p domain. The Kirchhoff migration uses exact 1D VTI dynamic&lt;br&gt;ray-tracing and includes options for processing-consistent amplitude handling. Our processing sequence for AVO&lt;br&gt;analysis employs common shot separation and deconvolution to avoid mixing in offset.