gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of air annealing on DC characteristics of InAlN/GaN MOS high-electron-mobility transistors using atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3 (2017)

We evaluated the DC characteristics of InAlN/GaN metal–oxide–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) using atomic-layer-deposited (ALD-)Al2O3 by focusing on air annealing to control defect levels in Al2O3 and electronic states at the Al2O3/InAlN interface. We clarified that the transconductance linearity and subthreshold slope were improved by air annealing, indicating a reduction in the number of electronic states at the Al2O3/InAlN interface. Furthermore, the cathodoluminescence study demonstrated that the oxygen-related defects in ALD-Al2O3 were decreased by air annealing. Consequently, we could successfully reduce the threshold voltage shift of InAlN/GaN MOS-HEMTs by using air-annealed ALD-Al2O3.
Requirement for either a host- or pectin-induced pectate lyase for infection of Pisum sativum by Nectria hematococca (2000)

Fungal pathogens usually have multiple genes that encode extracellular hydrolytic enzymes that may degrade the physical barriers in their hosts during the invasion process. Nectria hematococca, a plant pathogen, has two inducible pectate lyase (PL) genes (pel) encoding PL that can help degrade the carbohydrate barrier in the host. pelA is induced by pectin, whereas pelD is induced only in planta. We show that the disruption of either the pelA or pelD genes alone causes no detectable decrease in virulence. Disruption of both pelA and pelD drastically reduces virulence. Complementation of the double disruptant with pelD gene, or supplementation of the infection droplets of the double disruptant with either purified enzyme, PLA, or PLD, caused a recovery in virulence. These results show that PL is a virulence factor. Thus, we demonstrate that disruption of all functionally redundant genes is required to demonstrate the role of host barrier-degrading enzymes in pathogenesis and that dismissal of the role of such enzymes based on the effects of single-gene disruption may be premature.
Material properties determining the insecticidal activity of highly divided porous materials on the pharaoh ant ( Monomorium pharaonis ) (2017)

This study shows clear potential for the use of environmentally friendly, inert porous materials as insecticides against the pharaoh ant and identified the key material properties influencing insecticidal activity. The GC-MS data support the hypothesis that the mortality was caused by the removal of the protective epicuticular hydrocarbons. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Combining sevoflurane anesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam or s-ketamine in laboratory mice (2012)

Laboratory mice typically are anesthetized by either inhalation of volatile anesthetics or injection of drugs. Here we compared the acute and postanesthetic effects of combining both methods with standard inhalant monoanesthesia using sevoflurane in mice. After injection of fentanyl-midazolam or S-ketamine as premedication, a standard 50-min anesthesia was conducted by using sevoflurane. Addition of fentanyl-midazolam (0.04 mg/kg-4 mg/kg) induced sedation, attenuation of aversive behaviors at induction, shortening of the induction phase, and reduced the sevoflurane concentration required by one third (3.3% compared with 5%), compared with S-ketamine (30 mg/kg) premedication or sevoflurane alone. During anesthesia, heart rate and core body temperature were depressed significantly by both premedications but in general remained within normal ranges. In contrast, with or without premedication, substantial respiratory depression was evident, with a marked decline in respiratory rate accompanied by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis. Arrhythmia, apnea, and occasionally death occurred under S-ketamine-sevoflurane. Postanesthetic telemetric measurements showed unchanged locomotor activity but elevated heart rate and core body temperature at 12 h; these changes were most prominent during sevoflurane monoanesthesia and least pronounced or absent during fentanyl-midazolam-sevoflurane. In conclusion, combining injectable and inhalant anesthetics in mice can be advantageous compared with inhalation monoanesthesia at induction and postanesthetically. However, adverse physiologic side effects during anesthesia can be exacerbated by premedications, requiring careful selection of drugs and dosages.
Polarized Matrix Infrared Spectra of Cyclopentadienone: Observations, Calculations, and Assignment for an Important Intermediate in Combustion and Biomass Pyrolysis (2014)

A detailed vibrational analysis of the infrared spectra of cyclopentadienone (C5H4═O) in rare gas matrices has been carried out. Ab initio coupled-cluster anharmonic force field calculations were used to guide the assignments. Flash pyrolysis of o-phenylene sulfite (C6H4O2SO) was used to provide a molecular beam of C5H4═O entrained in a rare gas carrier. The beam was interrogated with time-of-flight photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS), confirming the clean, intense production of C5H4═O. Matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy coupled with 355 nm polarized UV for photoorientation and linear dichroism experiments was used to determine the symmetries of the vibrations. Cyclopentadienone has 24 fundamental vibrational modes, Γvib = 9a1 ⊕ 3a2 ⊕ 4b1 ⊕ 8b2. Using vibrational perturbation theory and a deperturbation-diagonalization method, we report assignments of the following fundamental modes (cm(-1)) in a 4 K neon matrix: the a1 modes of X̃ (1)A1 C5H4═O are found to be ν1 = 3107, ν2 = (3100, 3099), ν3 = 1735, ν5 = 1333, ν7 = 952, ν8 = 843, and ν9 = 651; the inferred a2 modes are ν10 = 933, and ν11 = 722; the b1 modes are ν13 = 932, ν14 = 822, and ν15 = 629; the b2 fundamentals are ν17 = 3143, ν18 = (3078, 3076) ν19 = (1601 or 1595), ν20 = 1283, ν21 = 1138, ν22 = 1066, ν23 = 738, and ν24 = 458. The modes ν4 and ν6 were too weak to be detected, ν12 is dipole-forbidden and its position cannot be inferred from combination and overtone bands, and ν16 is below our detection range (<400 cm(-1)). Additional features were observed and compared to anharmonic calculations, assigned as two quantum transitions, and used to assign some of the weak and infrared inactive fundamental vibrations.
On-sky demonstration of astrophotonic fiber Fabry-Pérot correlation spectroscopy (2022)

High sensitivity spectroscopy of astronomical targets is used for determining stellar radial velocities, exoplanet detection, and even exoplanet atmosphere sensing. However, high resolution spectrographs are bulky, highly complex and expensive instruments. While this bulk optical approach is versatile, fiber optic photonic instruments can be lower cost, more compact, and simpler to parallelize for multiple targets. Here we present a low-cost fiber-based correlation spectroscopy technique which can be used for simultaneously measuring radial velocity and molecular/atomic composition of astronomical targets. The correlation is achieved using a commercial, piezoelectrically tunable fiber Fabry-Pérot (FFP) filter that can be tuned from 1520 to 1620 nm. The output of the filter is measured using a single channel photodetector and processed using a lock-in amplifier. By adjusting the bias and modulation amplitude of the transmission spectrum of the FFP filter, the device can be optimized for maximum sensitivity to a certain absorption/emission line. We perform an on-sky demonstration using a 4.25 cm telescope to detect telluric CO2 with the sun as a background light source.
An Effective Single-Stage Acid System for Sandstone Formations (2013)

Abstract Sandstone acid systems, which are composed of HCl and HF, are commonly used to remove the formation damage in sandstone reservoirs. However, to perform any treatment using these acid systems, a preflush and/or a postflush of HCl plain acid must be injected to eliminate CaF2 precipitation and secondary precipitation. In this study, a new sandstone acid formulation was developed that can be used as a single stage sandstone acid system. This system eliminates the requirement of preflush and postflush HCl acid stages, reduces the treatment complexity, reduces the HCl requirements, and reduces the overall treatment/rig time. A coreflood study was conducted using different sandstone cores at 180°F. In additional to quartz, the tested cores had varying amounts of clay mineral, feldspar, and carbonate. Consequently, they can be used to judge the performance of the new acid system. Based on the experimental results, regular sandstone acid must be used with a preflush stage of HCl acid to maximize its performance and eliminate CaF2/MgF2 precipitation. The needs of the postflush stage must be confirmed as it can cause damage for sandstone that has HCl-sensitive clay mineral. All selected single-stage sandstone acid formulations (Acids A, B, C, and D) were able to successfully treat Bandera sandstone cores. For Bandera sandstone cores, increasing HCl/HF ratio increased the permeability enhancement and reduced the injected acid volume. Using the same acid volume and composition, a higher permeability enhancement was observed for the core that had less clay and carbonate content. Based on HCl:HF ratio and sandstone composition, a minimum acid volume is required to achieve a permeability enhancement. For the Bandera sandstone formation, only 8 pore volumes of the new acid system was required to achieve 26% permeability enhancement. However, for a Berea sandstone core that had less clay mineral, 4 pore volumes of the new acid system increased the permeability by 86%. The feldspar amount in the composition of sandstone can significantly impact the permeability enhancement of Acid C, while kaolinite amount has nearly no effect. A corrosion test was conducted at 180°F for 6 hr using a two pipe grades (Cr-13 and N-80). Two types of corrosion inhibitor were evaluated at different concentrations. All tested formulas had a very low corrosion rate (less than 0.03 lb/ft2). For both corrosion inhibitor types, corrosion rate was increased by reducing the HCl/HF ratio and/or inhibitor concentration.
Study on foil bearing : Orthotropic effect (2003)

The air film thickness between a foil and a drum is studied experimentally using a measuring system under conditions where the Air film thickness is effected by the bending stiffness of the foil. For comparatively flexible foil cases, the experimental results coincide fairly well with theoretical ones obtained by applying the separation boundary condition. For cases with stiffer foil conditions, the tendency of the experimental results may also be explained well by the theoretical analysis, by introducing the concept of the tangency pint condition as well as the infinity point condition for the film pressure generation point The theoretical tool of Finite Element Method is used to analyze film thickness and pressure distribution in a foil bearing for various values of foil stiffness, The calculated results agree with the experimental data, and it is concluded that the shallow shells model is useful and accurate.
Role of Surface Interactions in the Synergizing Polymer/Clay Flame Retardant Properties (2010)

The absorption of resorcinol di(phenyl phosphate) (RDP) oligomers on clay surfaces has been studied in detail and is being proposed as an alternative method for producing functionalized clays for nanocomposite polymers. The ability of these clays to be exfoliated or intercalated in different homopolymers was investigated using both transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering results, compared with contact angle measurements on Langmuir−Blodgett clay monolayers, where the interfacial energies were used as predictors of the polymer/clay interactions. We found that the contact angle between PS/RDP clay monolayer substrates was ∼2.5°, whereas the angle for polystyrene (PS)/Cloisite 20A clays substrates was ∼32°, consistent with the large degree of exfoliation observed in PS for the RDP-coated clays. The interfacial activity of these clays was also measured, and we found that the RDP-coated clays segregated to the interfaces of PC/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends, while they segregated into the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) domain of PS/PMMA blends. This morphology was explained in terms of the relative energy advantage in placing the RDP versus the Cloisite clays at the interfaces. Finally, we demonstrated the effects of the relative surface energies of the clays in segregating to the blend air interface when heated to high temperatures. The segregation was shown to affect the composition and mechanical properties of the resulting chars, which in turn could determine their flame retardant response.
How reactivity of solid changes when particle size decreases to nanometer regime? (2009)

Les differents changements des proprietes physiques et chimiques des materiaux associes aux effets de taille lorsque l'on passe en regime regime nanometrique sont brievement passes en revue sous l'angle de la reactivite des solides. A partir de l'analyse des proprietes electromagnetiques et de leur forte correlation cet article aborde les anomalies rencontrees dans les proprietes electroniques et cristallographiques aux interfaces. L'accent est mis sur les interactions entre les bandes d'energie des electrons, la redistribution es charges, les defauts ou la diffusion des especes chimiques, de facon a illustrer le lien entre approches physiques et chimiques. L'analyse des travaux publies concernent tant les transformations de phase, les processus de nucleation-croissance que les procedes impliquant des reactions diverses, notamment l'oxydation des metaux. Cette analyse theorique est completee par la description d'etudes plus specifiques decrivant des systemes metal-oxyde et des systemes impliquant des especes biocompatibles.
Chimie des processus biologiques (2010)

La catalyse enzymatique, ce pouvoir que possdent certaines protines d'acclrer de faon extraordinaire et d'orienter avec une prcision fascinante les ractions chimiques de la cellule, reste, encore aujourd'hui, l'un des grands mystres des systmes vivants. Les ractions dont il est question vont de la simple hydrolyse de liaisons peptidiques des processus poly-lectroniques d'une trs grande complexit, comme par exemple la rduction de l'oxygne en eau catalyse par la cytochrome oxydase, une enzyme cl de la respiration, ou encore l'oxydation de l'eau en oxygne que permet l'appareil photosynthtique des plantes. Il s'agit aussi des ractions de transferts d'lectrons longue distance (plusieurs dizaines d'angstrms) qui jouent des rles dterminants dans de nombreux processus cellulaires.
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning the Position of the Redox Couples in Materials with NASICON Structure by Anionic Substitution. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Soluble Prefusion Closed DS-SOSIP.664-Env Trimers of Diverse HIV-1 Strains (2017)

The elicitation of autologous neutralizing responses by immunization with HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimers conformationally stabilized in a prefusion closed state has generated considerable interest in the HIV-1 vaccine field. However, soluble prefusion closed Env trimers have been produced from only a handful of HIV-1 strains, limiting their utility as vaccine antigens and B cell probes. Here, we report the engineering from 81 HIV-1 strains of soluble, fully cleaved, prefusion Env trimers with appropriate antigenicity. We used a 96-well expression-screening format to assess the ability of artificial disulfides and Ile559Pro substitution (DS-SOSIP) to produce soluble cleaved-Env trimers; from 180 Env strains, 20 yielded prefusion closed trimers. We also created chimeras, by utilizing structure-based design to incorporate select regions from the well-behaved BG505 strain; from 180 Env strains, 78 DS-SOSIP-stabilized chimeras, including 61 additional strains, yielded prefusion closed trimers. Structure-based design thus enables the production of prefusion closed HIV-1-Env trimers from dozens of diverse strains.
Prediction pipeline for discovery of regulatory motifs associated with Brugia malayi molting (2020)

Filarial nematodes can cause debilitating diseases in humans. They have complicated life cycles involving an insect vector and mammalian hosts, and they go through a number of developmental molts. While whole genome sequences of parasitic worms are now available, very little is known about transcription factor (TF) binding sites and their cognate transcription factors that play a role in regulating development. To address this gap, we developed a novel motif prediction pipeline, Emotif Alpha, that integrates ten different motif discovery algorithms, multiple statistical tests, and a comparative analysis of conserved elements between the filarial worms Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus, and the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We identified stage-specific TF binding motifs in B. malayi, with a particular focus on those potentially involved in the L3-L4 molt, a stage important for the establishment of infection in the mammalian host. Using an in vitro molting system, we tested and validated three of these motifs demonstrating the accuracy of the motif prediction pipeline.
Understanding microvascular thrombosis in COVID-19 via massive single-cell imaging of circulating platelets (2021)

ABSTRACT A characteristic clinical feature of COVID-19 is the frequent incidence of microvascular thrombosis. In fact, COVID-19 autopsy reports have shown widespread thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by extensive diffuse microthrombi within peripheral capillaries and arterioles in lungs, hearts, and other organs, resulting in multiorgan failure. However, the underlying process of COVID-19-associated microvascular thrombosis remains elusive due to the lack of tools to statistically examine platelet aggregation (i.e., the initiation of microthrombus formation) in detail. Here we present a method for massive image-based profiling, temporal monitoring, and big data analysis of circulating platelets and platelet aggregates in the blood of COVID-19 patients at single-cell resolution, to provide previously unattainable insights into the disease. In fact, our analysis of the image data from 110 hospitalized patients shows the anomalous presence of excessive platelet aggregates in nearly 90% of all COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, results indicate strong links between the concentration of platelet aggregates and the severity, mortality, and respiratory condition of patients with COVID-19. Finally, high-dimensional analysis based on deep learning shows that the disease behaves as systemic thrombosis.
Nursing management of the critical thinking and care quality of ICU nurses: A cross‐sectional study (2022)

A well-designed digital learning management system with structured classes may allow intensive care unit nurses to learn effectively and can be used for continuing education. These results are of interest to nursing management staff who want to invest in the continued professional development of intensive care unit nurses to improve critical care knowledge, critical thinking skills, care quality, and health care value.
Widespread Translational Remodeling during Human Neuronal Differentiation (2017)

Faithful cellular differentiation requires temporally precise activation of gene expression programs, which are coordinated at the transcriptional and translational levels. Neurons express the most complex set of mRNAs of any human tissue, but translational changes during neuronal differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here, we induced forebrain neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and measured genome-wide RNA and translation levels with transcript-isoform resolution. We found that thousands of genes change translation status during differentiation without a corresponding change in RNA level. Specifically, we identified mTOR signaling as a key driver for elevated translation of translation-related genes in hESCs. In contrast, translational repression in active neurons is mediated by regulatory sequences in 3' UTRs. Together, our findings identify extensive translational control changes during human neuronal differentiation and a crucial role of 3' UTRs in driving cell-type-specific translation.
A new data mining framework for forest fire mapping (2012)

Forests are an important natural resource that support economic activity and play a significant role in regulating the climate and the carbon cycle, yet forest ecosystems are increasingly threatened by fires caused by a range of natural and anthropogenic factors. Mapping these fires, which can range in size from less than an acre to hundreds of thousands of acres, is an important task for supporting climate and carbon cycle studies as well as informing forest management. Currently, there are two primary approaches to fire mapping: field- and aerial-based surveys, which are costly and limited in their extent; and remote sensing-based approaches, which are more cost-effective but pose several interesting methodological and algorithmic challenges. In this paper, we introduce a new framework for mapping forest fires based on satellite observations. Specifically, we develop unsupervised spatio-temporal data mining methods for Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data to generate a history of forest fires. A systematic comparison with alternate approaches in two diverse geographic regions demonstrates that our algorithmic paradigm is able to overcome some of the limitations in both data and methods employed by prior efforts.
Precipitation of Carbamazepine-Controlled Seizures Due to Low-Dose Risperidone in a Child (2016)

Pozzi, Marco PhD; Pineschi, Roberta MD; Bonanni, Paolo MD; Pellegri, Alda MD; Clementi, Emilio PhD Author Information
Impact of Pedicle Screw Fixation on Loss of Deformity Correction in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2013)

III.
A 28-nm FD-SOI 115-fs Jitter PLL-Based LO System for 24–30-GHz Sliding-IF 5G Transceivers (2018)

A system for local oscillator (LO) signal generation in 5G millimeter-wave (mmW) multi-antenna transceivers is presented. The system is modular with one phase locked loop (PLL) per antenna element transceiver, and a test circuit implemented in 28-nm fully depleted silicon on insulator (FD-SOI) CMOS features two such PLLs and a 491.52 MHz crystal oscillator (XO) generating a common frequency reference. A fractional-N architecture is employed to achieve high-frequency resolution, and the quantization noise is reduced using a novel frequency divider, which achieves full integer resolution while still using a pre-scaler. The system covers the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) bands n257 and n258, achieved by a digital coarse tuning of the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The chip area of each PLL is 0.11 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and 0.029 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for the XO. The total power consumption of the system is 35 mW, where each PLL consumes 15.4 mW and the XO consumes 0.84 mW. The total rms jitter from 20-kHz to 500-MHz offset for a 26-GHz carrier is just 115 fs, corresponding to an FOM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> of -244 dB, which is the best reported figure for a fractional-N PLL above 15 GHz. The error-vector magnitude (EVM) due to phase noise is -34.6 dBc using an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal with 120-kHz sub-carrier spacing, sufficient to support 256 QAM.