gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics on Z (invited) (2001)

The 100 ns, 20 MA pinch-driver Z is surrounded by an extensive set of diagnostics. There are nine radial lines of sight set at 12° above horizontal and each of these may be equipped with up to five diagnostic ports. Instruments routinely fielded viewing the pinch from the side with these ports include x-ray diode arrays, photoconducting detector arrays, bolometers, transmission grating spectrometers, time-resolved x-ray pinhole cameras, x-ray crystal spectrometers, calorimeters, silicon photodiodes, and neutron detectors. A diagnostic package fielded on axis for viewing internal pinch radiation consists of nine lines of sight. This package accommodates virtually the same diagnostics as the radial ports. Other diagnostics not fielded on the axial or radial ports include current B-dot monitors, filtered x-ray scintillators coupled by fiber optics to streak cameras, streaked visible spectroscopy, velocity interferometric system for any reflector, bremsstrahlung cameras, and active shock breakout measurement of hohlraum temperature. The data acquisition system is capable of recording up to 500 channels and the data from each shot is available on the Internet. A major new diagnostic presently under construction is the BEAMLET backlighter. We will briefly describe each of these diagnostics and present some of the highest-quality data from them.
Performance Analysis of TaSiOxInspired Sub-10 nm Energy Efficient In0.53Ga0.47As Quantum Well Tri-Gate Technology (2017)

In this paper, for the first time, the performance analysis of short channel In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As quantum well (QW) 3-D tri-gate technology with advanced high-κ gate dielectric, TaSiOx is presented. We benchmark the projected performance of sub-10 nm In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As transistor technology as a function of fin width, fin aspect ratio, and gate length scaling based on present-day lithographic advancement aiding InGaAs QW tri-gate technology as a replacement to Si for sub-10 nm transistor technology. The highly scaled oxide (EOT ~ 12Å) while retaining superior interfacial properties (D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> ~ 4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> eV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ) provides higher ON current for given idle performance. Furthermore, the simulated In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As tri-gate transistor exhibits superior gate electrostatic control with low OFF-state current (IOFF) ~ 24.5 nA/μm, peak transconductance (g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ) ~ 2 mS/ μm and high ION/IOFF ratio~ 2.3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , aiding the case of alternate channel transistors for high-speed and low-power CMOS logic.
Authentication of a sodium primary phosphide: synthesis and crystal structure of [Na{PH(C6H11)}(pmdeta)]2(pmdeta =N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine) (1995)

The reaction of the primary phosphine PH2(C6H11) with NaBun in the presence of pmdeta gives the first sodium phosphide containing simple organo substituents [Na{PH(C6H11)}(pmdeta)]21(pmdea =N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine) to be structurally characterised.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF JUNCUSOL (1978)

Abstract Bei der Photolyse des Divinyl‐biphenyls (I) erhält man ein Mono‐ (II) und ein Bis‐Cyclisierungsprodukt (III).
High-performing D–π–A–π–D benzothiadiazole-based hybrid local and charge-transfer emitters in solution-processed OLEDs (2020)

Benzothiadiazole-based donor–acceptor emitters with hybrid local and charge transfer state exhibit high external quantum efficiency in solution-processed green OLEDs.
Stoichiometric Effect on Electrical, Optical, and Structural Properties of Composition-Tunable InxGa1–xAs Nanowires (2012)

Ternary InGaAs nanowires have recently attracted extensive attention due to their superior electron mobility as well as the ability to tune the band gap for technological applications ranging from high-performance electronics to high-efficiency photovoltaics. However, due to the difficulties in synthesis, there are still considerable challenges to assess the correlation among electrical, optical, and structural properties of this material system across the entire range of compositions. Here, utilizing a simple two-step growth method, we demonstrate the successful synthesis of composition and band gap tunable In(x)Ga(1-x)As alloy nanowires (average diameter = 25-30 nm) by manipulating the source powder mixture ratio and growth parameters. The lattice constants of each NW composition have been well correlated with the chemical stoichiometry and confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Importantly, the as-grown NWs exhibit well-controlled surface morphology and low defect concentration without any phase segregation in all stoichiometric compositions. Moreover, it is found that the electrical nanowire device performances such as the turn-off and I(ON)/I(OFF) ratios are improved when the In concentration decreases at a cost of mobility degradation. More generally, this work suggests that a careful stoichiometric design is required for achieving optimal nanowire device performances.
The application of analytical/numerical matching to structural discontinuities in structural/acoustic problems (1997)

Analytical/numerical matching (ANM) is introduced to more efficiently model structural discontinuities in structural/acoustic problems. The general method is explained in detail for the simple example problem of normal incidence acoustic scattering from a periodically line-supported elastic membrane. A modal series solution exists for this problem. The most slowly convergent part of this solution, the dominant high-resolution (large wave number) content, is removed from the series representation and summed in closed form in what is called the ANM local solution. This local solution is represented by a piecewise polynomial that is zero outside of a small region. The remaining part of the solution, containing the overall low resolution content, is called the ANM global solution and converges very rapidly. In the present example, the series representing the global solution falls by three powers of the index faster than the classical modal solution. The result is an ANM composite (local plus global) solution that requires far less computational effort to resolve. In addition to providing a clear abstraction of the method, the example problem allows the equivalence of the ANM solution to be verified, and indicates the importance of resolving the fine scale effects of discontinuities in constrained scattering problems.
ChemInform Abstract: The Design of Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents: New Iron(III) Dihydroxamate Complexes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polarization-insensitive planar waveguide 1 x 4 branching device with good wavelength-flattened characteristics by ion exchange (1989)

Local area networks and subscriber loops require optical passive or active devices for their reliable and cost-effective configurations.1–3 Glass waveguides are one of the promising candidates for such passive devices because of their low loss, low cost, and mass productivity. Ideally Y-branches are polarization-insensitive and wavelength-flattened and, therefore, suited to fabricate high-performance couplers. Here we report preliminary test results of planar waveguide 1 × 2 and 1×4 couplers incorporating Y-branches in glass by a purely thermal ion-exchange process with two steps.4
Semen amyloids participate in spermatozoa selection and clearance (2020)

Unlike other human biological fluids, semen contains multiple types of amyloid fibrils in the absence of disease. These fibrils enhance HIV infection by promoting viral fusion to cellular targets, but their natural function remained unknown. The similarities shared between HIV fusion to host cell and sperm fusion to oocyte led us to examine whether these fibrils promote fertilization. Surprisingly, the fibrils inhibited fertilization by immobilizing sperm. Interestingly, however, this immobilization facilitated uptake and clearance of sperm by macrophages, which are known to infiltrate the female reproductive tract (FRT) following semen exposure. In the presence of semen fibrils, damaged and apoptotic sperm were more rapidly phagocytosed than healthy ones, suggesting that deposition of semen fibrils in the lower FRT facilitates clearance of poor-quality sperm. Our findings suggest that amyloid fibrils in semen may play a role in reproduction by participating in sperm selection and facilitating the rapid removal of sperm antigens.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Stereoselective Approach to the Synthesis of the Manzamine Alkaloids via the Intramolecular Vinylogous Amide Photocycloaddition. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adaptive optics dioptric scanning ophthalmoscope with a wider field of view similar to those of normal ophthalmoscopes (2012)

We introduce a newly developed adaptive optics dioptric scanning ophthalmoscope (AO-DSO) in which all powered optical parts were refractive lenses instead of concave or convex mirrors. By designing dioptric optics, we were able to achieve a compact instrument with a 10 deg field of view (FOV10) and 1.5 deg field of view (FOV1.5) high-resolution imaging. Although the resolution of FOV10 was sacrificed because of the variation of aberrations of the eye over the 10 deg field, our system works with AO in the case of FOV1.5 and can be used as a scanning laser ophthalmoscope with good optical slicing in the case of FOV10. To test the ability of the AO-DSO, we performed imaging on a normal subject and on a patient with occult macular dystrophy.
One Size Does Not Fit All: Heterogeneity in Developmental Hematopoiesis (2022)

Our knowledge of the complexity of the developing hematopoietic system has dramatically expanded over the course of the last few decades. We now know that, while hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) firmly reside at the top of the adult hematopoietic hierarchy, multiple HSC-independent progenitor populations play variegated and fundamental roles during fetal life, which reflect on adult physiology and can lead to disease if subject to perturbations. The importance of obtaining a high-resolution picture of the mechanisms by which the developing embryo establishes a functional hematopoietic system is demonstrated by many recent indications showing that ontogeny is a primary determinant of function of multiple critical cell types. This review will specifically focus on exploring the diversity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells unique to embryonic and fetal life. We will initially examine the evidence demonstrating heterogeneity within the hemogenic endothelium, precursor to all definitive hematopoietic cells. Next, we will summarize the dynamics and characteristics of the so-called "hematopoietic waves" taking place during vertebrate development. For each of these waves, we will define the cellular identities of their components, the extent and relevance of their respective contributions as well as potential drivers of heterogeneity.
Endothelial SK3 channel-associated Ca2+ microdomains modulate blood pressure (2016)

Activation of vascular endothelial small- (KCa2.3, SK3) or intermediate- (KCa3.1, IK1) conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels induces vasorelaxation via an endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH) pathway. Although the activation of SK3 and IK1 channels converges on EDH, their subcellular effects on signal transduction are different and not completely clear. In this study, a novel endothelium-specific SK3 knockout (SK3(-/-)) mouse model was utilized to specifically examine the contribution of SK3 channels to mesenteric artery vasorelaxation, endothelial Ca(2+) dynamics, and blood pressure. The absence of SK3 expression was confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Functional studies showed impaired EDH-mediated vasorelaxation in SK3(-/-) small mesenteric arteries. Immunostaining results from SK3(-/-) vessels confirmed the absence of SK3 and further showed altered distribution of transient receptor potential channels, type 4 (TRPV4). Electrophysiological recordings showed a lack of SK3 channel activity, while TRPV4-IK1 channel coupling remained intact in SK3(-/-) endothelial cells. Moreover, Ca(2+) imaging studies in SK3(-/-) endothelium showed increased Ca(2+) transients with reduced amplitude and duration under basal conditions. Importantly, SK3(-/-) endothelium lacked a distinct type of Ca(2+) dynamic that is sensitive to TRPV4 activation. Blood pressure measurements showed that the SK3(-/-) mice were hypertensive, and the blood pressure increase was further enhanced during the 12-h dark cycle when animals are most active. Taken together, our results reveal a previously unappreciated SK3 signaling microdomain that modulates endothelial Ca(2+) dynamics, vascular tone, and blood pressure.
Modified cable equation incorporating transverse polarization of neuronal membranes for accurate coupling of electric fields (2018)

The modified cable equation captures the membrane's behavior on different time scales and models more accurately the coupling between electric fields and neurons. It addresses the limitations of the conventional cable equation and allows sound theoretical interpretations. The implementation provides simple methods that are compatible with current simulation approaches to study the effect of transverse polarization on nonlinear membranes. The minimal influence by transverse polarization on axonal activation thresholds for the nonlinear membrane models indicates that predictions of stronger effects in linear membrane models with a fixed activation threshold are inaccurate. Thus, the conventional cable equation works well for most neuroengineering applications, and the presented modeling approach is well suited to address the exceptions.
Backside Power Delivery with a Direct 14:1/19:1 High-Ratio Point-of-Load Power Converter for Servers and Datacenters (2021)

status: Published
Identification of the Mechanical Impedance at the Human Finger Tip (1997)

Rapid transients were applied to the outstretched human index finger tip, which resulted in motion primarily at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint in extension and in abduction. A second-order linear model was fit to approximately 20 milliseconds of the force and displacement data to determine the effective mechanical impedance at the finger tip. Ranges of mass, damping, and stiffness parameters were estimated over a range of mean finger tip force (2-20 N for extension, 2-8 N for abduction). Effective translational finger tip mass for each subject was relatively constant for force levels greater than 6 N for extension, and constant throughout the abduction trials. Stiffness increased linearly with muscle activation. The estimated damping ratio for extension trials was about 1.7 times the ratio for abduction.
Optical monitoring of either time misalignment or PMD accumulation in an 80-Gb/s Pol-MUX RZ-DPSK signal using degree-of-polarization measurements (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate chromatic dispersion insensitive monitoring of either time misalignment or PMD accumulation in an 80-Gb/s Pol-MUX RZ-DPSK signal using a polarimeter. The monitored DOP decreases 20% and 10.8% with 12.5-ps time misalignment at the transmitter and 12-ps in-line DGD, respectively.
Gangliosides play an important role in the organization of CD82-enriched microdomains (2006)

Four-transmembrane-domain proteins of the tetraspanin superfamily are the organizers of specific microdomains at the membrane [TERMs (tetraspanin-enriched microdomains)] that incorporate various transmembrane receptors and modulate their activities. The structural aspects of the organization of TERM are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of gangliosides in the assembly and stability of TERM. We demonstrated that inhibition of the glycosphingolipid biosynthetic pathway with specific inhibitors of glucosylceramide synthase [NB-DGJ (N-butyldeoxygalactonojirimycin) and PPMP (D-threo-1-phenyl-2-hexadecanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol.HCl)] resulted in specific weakening of the interactions involving tetraspanin CD82. Furthermore, ectopic expression of the plasma-membrane-bound sialidase Neu3 in mammary epithelial cells also affected stability of the complexes containing CD82: its association with tetraspanin CD151 was decreased, but the association with EGFR [EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor] was enhanced. The destabilization of the CD82-containing complexes upon ganglioside depletion correlated with the re-distribution of the proteins within plasma membrane. Importantly, depletion of gangliosides affected EGF-induced signalling only in the presence of CD82. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence that gangliosides play an important role in supporting the integrity of CD82-enriched microdomains. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that the association between different tetraspanins in TERM is controlled by distinct mechanisms and identify Neu3 as a first physiological regulator of the integrity of these microdomains.
Release kinetics of the model protein FITC-BSA from different polymer-coated bovine bone substitutes (2019)

Medium molecular size polymers reduce the overall released FITC-BSA from ICBM over time. In clinical practice these polymers may prove ideal for bone substitute materials.
Pharmacogenomics for personalized pain medicine (2016)

Pharmacogenomics aims to unravel the way that human genetic variation affects drug efficacy and toxicity. Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene findings suggest that genetic approaches may help choose the most appropriate drug and dosage while preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Pain is an unpleasant feeling that usually results from tissue damage. The management of different types of pain (acute, chronic, inflammatory, neuropathic, or cancer) is challenging. Currently, drug intervention is the first-line therapy for resolving pain. However, differences in drug efficacy between individuals are common with pain medications. Moreover, some patients experience ADRs after being treated with specific pain drugs. This review discusses the use of drugs for pain management in the context of the recent pharmacogenomic studies on ADRs and drug efficacy.
Increased coronary effects of stimulation of endothelin-B receptor in experimental hypercholesterolemia (2000)

The present results demonstrate that selective stimulation of the endothelin-B receptor increases coronary vasoconstriction in experimental hypercholesterolemia, primarily at the level of the microvasculature. These findings may be related to the attenuation of activity of endothelin-derived relaxing factor in this model, and support the hypothesis that endothelin-B receptor plays a role in the regulation of coronary vascular tone in pathophysiologic states.
Optimized synergy between 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s channels on a partially transparent network (2008)

A collection of slides from "Optimized synergy between 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s channels on a partially transparent network" conference presentation is given.
Automatic Mandible Segmentation on CT Images Using Prior Anatomical Knowledge (2016)

We present a fully automatic method for segmenting mandible in CT images using anatomic landmarks and prior knowledge. The aim is to utilize spatial relationship of anatomic landmarks with image processing techniques to detect mandible robustly and efficiently. Applying prior knowledge and reliable anatomical landmarks to define an optimal Region of Interest (ROI) which contains the mandible is an effective way for fast localization and successful segmentation. This approach can be used to segment other structures such as optic nerves by defining a new set of relevant landmarks. This approach is robust to CT data with different scanner setting and does not require large training data sets.
Les phosphures de métaux : une renaissance à l’échelle nanométrique (2012)

National audience
Neural Networks for Information Retrieval (2017)

Machine learning plays a role in many aspects of modern IR systems, and deep learning is applied in all of them. The fast pace of modern-day research has given rise to many approaches to many IR problems. The amount of information available can be overwhelming both for junior students and for experienced researchers looking for new research topics and directions. The aim of this full- day tutorial is to give a clear overview of current tried-and-trusted neural methods in IR and how they benefit IR.
Comparing and contrasting adaptive middleware support in wide-area and embedded distributed object applications (2002)

The Quality Objects (QuO) middleware is a set of extensions to standard distributed object computing middleware that is used to control and adapt the quality of service in a number of distributed application environments, from wide-area to embedded distributed applications. This paper compares and contrasts the characteristics of key use cases and the variations in QuO implementations that have emerged to support them. We present these variations in the context of several actual applications being developed using the QuO middleware.
A LONGTERM ISOTOPE RENOGRAPHY FOLLOW‐UP OF PATIENTS FOLLOWING PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY PRE‐ECLAMPSIA AND HYPERTENSION (1980)

61 patients were studied with the renography and urography during puerperium ten years ago and now again. The technique and analyses were identical. The results showed that some of these parameters (SV, K, and T 1/2) were either decreased or prolonged more than ten per cent during this period in nearly all cases. However, these changes occurred in both the normal and complicated groups without any correlation with the original diagnosis from the first study. Hypertension has developed in 10 per cent of the toxemic group.