gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-Phase Two-Third-PWM Buck-Boost Current Source Inverter System Employing Dual-Gate Monolithic Bidirectional GaN e-FETs (2019)

Latest dual-gate (2G) monolithic bidirectional (MB) gallium nitride (GaN) enhancement-mode field effect transistors (e-FETs) enable a performance breakthrough of current DC-link inverters, e.g., in terms of power conversion efficiency, power density, cost and complexity. In fact, a single 2G MB GaN e-FET can replace the two anti-series connected conventional power semiconductors required in this inverter topology, realizing a four-quadrant (AC) switch with bidirectional voltage blocking capability and allowing controlled bidirectional current flow. Furthermore, as shown in this paper in case of three-phase (3-) buck-boost (bB) current source inverter (CSI) systems comprising a DC-link current impressing buck-type DC/DC input stage and a subsequent boost-type 3- current DC-link inverter output stage, a variable DC-link current control strategy, based on a Synergetic Control concept, can be applied to significantly reduce the switching losses occurring in the 3- inverter. This strategy is denominated two-third pulse-width modulation (2/3-PWM), since by properly shaping the DC-link current with the input stage, the desired 3- sinusoidal load phase currents can be generated by switching, in each switching period, only two out of the three phases of the output stage. Based on comprehensive circuit simulations and analytical calculations, a detailed explanation of the developed modulation and control schemes in different operating conditions is provided, and the reduction of losses enabled by 2/3-PWM is confirmed. Next, the seamless transition of the 3- bB CSI system from 2/3-PWM to conventional 3/3-PWM is demonstrated. Finally, a 3.3 kW 3- bB CSI system, applying 2/3-PWM and employing research samples of 2G MB GaN e-FETs in the 3- inverter, is estimated to achieve an efficiency of 98.4% and a power density of 18 kW/dm 3 (295 W/in 3 ) at a switching frequency of 140 kHz. Index Terms-Dual-gate (2G) monolithic bidirectional (MB) gallium nitride enhancement-mode field-effect transistors (e-FETS), three-phase buck-boost current source inverter system, variable DC-link current control.
Multicasting algorithms for deterministic networks (2010)

We present a polynomial time algorithm for multicasting rate h to N receivers over deterministic networks. Our algorithm requires intermediate network nodes to perform coding operations over vectors of a finite length L, through multiplication with L × L binary coding matrices that play the same role as coding coefficients over graphs. Our code design consists in selecting these matrices so that each receiver is able to recover the source information. As a special case, we provide an alternative construction for a unicast algorithm over deterministic networks.
Electrochemical Preparation of Poly(p-phenylene) Using Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid as a Catalytic Electrolyte (1987)

Abstract Electro-oxidative polymerization of benzene in the presence of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid yields poly(p-phenylene) efficiently; The acid forms a protonated complex of benzene and cathodically shifts its oxidation potential.
Extreme-Ultraviolet Vortices at a Free-Electron Laser (2018)

Optical vortices are helically phased light beams with a field dependence of ( ), where is the topological charge and the azimuthal coordinate in the plane perpendicular to the beam propagation. Such beams carry an orbital angular momentum (OAM) of per photon. The interaction between matter and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) optical vortices is predicted to trigger new phenomena. Among these are violation of dipolar selection rules during photoionization [1], generation of charge current loops in fullerenes with an associated orbital magnetic moment
Antifungal proteins from seeds of Australian native plants and isolation of an antifungal peptide from Atriplex nummularia (1997)

Abstract Extracts from seeds of 69 different species of plants mostly originating from Australia were screened for antifungal agents with activity against the plant pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. vasinfectum , Rhizoctonia solani , Thielaviopsis basicola , and Verticillium dahliae . Many seed extracts showed inhibitory activity against one or more of the fungi tested. High antifimgal activities were detected in the genera Archontophoenix , Atriplex , Alphitonia , Callistemon , and Dodonaea . Only the Atriplex seed extract was shown to contain a protease‐sensitive antifungal activity. A 30 amino acid residue peptide (An1) was purified to homogeneity from the seeds of Atriplex nummularia and its in vitro activity against several fungal pathogens of plants was characterised. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed Anl to be homologous to the chitin‐binding antimicrobial peptides of Amaranthus caudatus .
Exogenous Cellular Delivery of Ribozymes and Ribozyme Encoding DNAs (2003)

To examine the effects of a ribozyme in VIVO, a major obstacle to overcome is the delivery of these molecules into the cells. A serious drawback of exogenous delivery is that the inhibitory effects of the nucleic acids so delivered are transient and require repeated administrations. Despite this, exogenously delivered molecules can incorporate chemical modifications, which Increase stability, although these modified bases and sugar-phosphate backbones can contribute to toxicity of the molecules. Further investigation is needed to establish whether the advantages of chemical modifications will overcome the general disadvantages of exogenous delivery.
COMPARING THE QUASI-CHEMICAL AND OTHER MODELS FOR THE HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING INACTIVATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES (2008)

ISHS IV International Symposium on Applications of Modelling as an Innovative Technology in the Agri-Food-Chain: Model-IT COMPARING THE QUASI-CHEMICAL AND OTHER MODELS FOR THE HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING INACTIVATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
Light Emitting Si‐Based Mie Resonators: Toward a Huygens Source of Quantum Emitters (2022)

Abstract Silicon‐based micro‐ and nano‐structures for light management at near‐infrared and visible frequencies have been widely exploited for guided optics and metasurfaces. However, light emission with this material has been hampered by the indirect character of its bandgap. Here it is shown that, via ion beam implantation, light emitting G‐centers can be directly embedded within Si‐based Mie resonators previously obtained by solid state dewetting. Size‐ and position‐dependent, directional light emission at 120 K is demonstrated experimentally and confirmed by finite difference time domain simulations. It is estimated that, with an optimal coupling of the G‐centers emission with the resonant antennas, a collection efficiency of about 90% can be reached using a conventional objective lens. The integration of these telecom‐frequency emitters in resonant antennas is relevant for their efficient exploitation in quantum optics applications and more generally to Si‐based photonic metasurfaces.
Very short telomere length by flow fluorescence in situ hybridization identifies patients with dyskeratosis congenita (2007)

Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome in which the known susceptibility genes (DKC1, TERC, and TERT) belong to the telomere maintenance pathway; patients with DC have very short telomeres. We used multicolor flow fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of median telomere length in total blood leukocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and several lymphocyte subsets to confirm the diagnosis of DC, distinguish patients with DC from unaffected family members, identify clinically silent DC carriers, and discriminate between patients with DC and those with other bone marrow failure disorders. We defined "very short" telomeres as below the first percentile measured among 400 healthy control subjects over the entire age range. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of very short telomeres for DC were more than 90% for total lymphocytes, CD45RA+/CD20- naive T cells, and CD20+ B cells. Granulocyte and total leukocyte assays were not specific; CD45RA- memory T cells and CD57+ NK/NKT were not sensitive. We observed very short telomeres in a clinically normal family member who subsequently developed DC. We propose adding leukocyte subset flow fluorescence in situ hybridization telomere length measurement to the evaluation of patients and families suspected to have DC, because the correct diagnosis will substantially affect patient management.
A theory of wormhole routing in parallel computers (1996)

Virtually all theoretical work on message routing in parallel computers has dwelt on packet routing: messages are conveyed as packets, an entire packet can reside at a node of the network, and a packet is sent from the queue of one node to the queue of another node until its reaches its destination. A trend in multicomputer architecture, however, is to use wormhole routing. In wormhole routing a message is transmitted as a contiguous stream of bits, physically occupying a sequence of nodes/edges in the network. Thus, a message resembles a worm burrowing through the network. In this paper we give theoretical analyses of simple wormhole routing algorithms, showing them to be nearly optimal for butterfly and mesh connected networks. Our analysis requires initial random delays in injecting messages to the network. We report simulation results suggesting that the idea of random initial delays may have an impact beyond theoretical analysis.
Axial Force Damper in a Linear Wave Energy Converter (2013)

This paper presents a study on the axial force damper in a wave energy converter. The converter itself consists of a linear generator placed on the ocean floor connected to a buoy at the ocean surf ...
Ein Nickelkomplex zur photochemischen Aktivierung von Kohlendioxid (1994)

Direkt zum Radikalanion CO.‐ 2 verläuft die photochemische, durch Bestrahlung des redoxaktiven Ni 3 ‐Komplex 1 vermittelte Reduktion von CO 2 , wie Kubiak et al. kürzlich fanden. Das gebildete CO. 2 ‐ läßt sich mit Cyclohexen abfangen, wobei unter Knüpfung von zwei C‐C‐Bindungen Cyclohexandicarbonsäure entsteht. Diese Reaktion ist ein wichtiger Schritt auf dem Wege, CO 2 unmittelbar in Lösung als Synthesebaustein verfügbar zu machen. magnified image
Single Cell RNA Sequencing profiles Distinct BAL Cell Subpopulations in Sarcoidosis (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized histologically by nonnecrotizing granuloma, mainly affecting the lung and lymph nodes. <b>Methods:</b> BAL cells of sarcoidosis and IPF patients undergoing routine diagnostic work-up were obtained by bronchoscopy, healthy volunteers served as controls. Single cells were barcoded using the 10x Chromium Single Cell platform and cDNA libraries were prepared according to the manufacturer’s protocol. cDNA libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform. Single cell gene expression of sarcoidosis and control lungs was compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. <b>Results:</b> So far, 160128 single BAL cell transcriptomes of 8 patients with sarcoidosis and 6 control lungs were established. Cells were clustered into major cell types, then immune cells consisting of 122220 alveolar macrophages, 4321 cytotoxic T-cells, and 6662 helper-T-cells (TH) were analyzed. We could identify unique gene expression profiles in BAL cells in sarcoidosis: TH-cells are characterized by increased expression of T-cell-receptor-subunits (TRAC, TRBC1, TRBC2), MHC class I molecules (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and B2M), and inflammatory cytokines (IFNG, CCL4, LTB) compared to controls. Alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis express genes associated with alternative activation like CCL18, FN1, VIM, smaller subpopulation however inflammatory cytokines like CXCL10. Macrophages show an increased MHC-class 1 gene expression, but also MHC-class-2 genes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Single cell transcriptomics identified the spectrum of distinct BAL cell subpopulations in sarcoidosis. Profiling of additional BAL cells and validation experiments are ongoing.
Inverse filters for reconstruction of arbitrarily focused images from two differently focused images (2002)

This paper describes a novel filtering method to reconstruct an arbitrarily focused image from two differently focused images. Based on the assumption that image scene has two layers-foreground and background-, two differently focused images are used as inputs, one of which is focused on the foreground and the other is focused on the background. The linear equation that holds between these images and the desired image, which is derived from their imaging models, can be formulated as an image restoration problem. This paper shows that the solution of this problem exists as an inverse filter and the desired image can be reconstructed only by the linear filters. As a result, fast reconstruction with high accuracy can be achieved. Experiments using real images are shown.
ChemInform Abstract: A Selective Method for 3‐Monoalkylation of 4‐Hydroxypyran‐2‐ones and of 4‐Hydroxyquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones or Their N‐Methyl Derivatives by Ketone Mannich Bases. (1987)

Abstract Regioselective C‐monoalkylation of the pyranone (I) with the Mannich bases (II) gives the oxoalkyl pyranones (III), which exist in solution in equilibrium with their hemiacetals (IV).
Propagation model for the WLAN service at the campus environments (2004)

This paper presents 5 GHz WLAN outdoor model and its parameters. Short term fading characteristics are represented into CPDs of level crossing rate. The path loss used to determine service coverage is modeled by log loss model, and the power delay profile is modeled by COST 207 model. The parameters for the model are determined by measurements. The measurements are performed at common WLAN application places in campus environments. These environments present important data and make a criterion of other environments.
Spectral narrowing and infrared laser fragmentation of jet-cooled UO2(hfaa)2 TMP and UO2(hfaa)2 THF: Volatile uranyl compounds (1982)

The temperature dependence of the CO2 laser-induced decomposition spectral linewidths and yields for jet-cooled UO2(hfaa)2 TMP and UO2(hfaa)2 THF molecules has been studied using laser-induced fluorescence detection and photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry on a pulsed supersonic beam of uranyl molecules seeded into a helium carrier gas. The two uranyl species, although chemically very similar, show a remarkable difference in the temperature dependence of the linewidth. For UO2(hfaa)2 TMP, the linewidth decreases upon cooling by a factor of ∼15, while the UO2(hfaa)2 THF linewidth decreases by only a factor of ∼2.6 over the same temperature range. The differences in the linewidth behavior are reflected in the yield curves for the laser-induced reaction for the cooled molecules. These results for UO2(hfaa)2 TMP, to our knowledge, represent the first measurements of the temperature dependence of a T2 line broadening process for an isolated gas phase molecule. Detection of beam molecules as well as molecular decomposition fragments by multiphoton ionization is found to be ∼103 times more efficient than detection by resonant two-color photoionization.
A Preliminary Pharmacokinetic Study of Dianhydrogalactitol (NSC-132313) Disposition in the Dog2 (1977)

The pharmacokinetics of dianhydrogalactitol (DAG), NSC-132313, were studied in the beagle dog at doses of 3 mg - kg-1 and 6 mg - kg-1. DAG concentrations in plasma were determined by a gas chromatographic method capable of specifically detecting the parent drug and differentiating between it and products of its degradation or metabolism. Plasma disappearance time curves were generated and shown to follow simple two-compartment model behavior after iv administration of DAG. Distribution and elimination of DAG appeared to be dose-independent in the limited dose range studied. After iv administration, the drug was rapidly distributed throughout extracellular fluids (volume of the central compartment = 462 ml - kg-1) and subsequently was rapidly cleared (total body clearance = 23.4 ml - min-1 - kg-1) and eliminated (t1/2, b = 26.2 min) from the animal. Experiments (in vitro) with the use of radiolabeled DAG indicated that the drug binds reversibly and irreversibly to red blood cells.
Interferon enhances phospholipase A2 activity in bovine aortic endothelial cells. (1990)

The effect of human interferon-alpha (IFN) on the activity of PLA2 in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) was studied. A novel method for determination of PLA2 activity in intact cell membranes with a fluorescent analogue of phosphatidylcholine, was employed. It was found that pretreatment of BAEC with human leukocyte IFN alpha or recombinant human IFN alpha 2 enhanced PLA2 activity as a function of IFN concentration. Since PLA2 activity is responsive to the lipid composition of its environment, we analyzed the fatty acyl chain composition of the cell lipids after treatment with IFN. It was found that both IFN alpha and IFN alpha 2 markedly increased the content of arachidonic acid. We suggest that exposure of BAEC to IFN enhances the activity of the cell membrane PLA2 concomitantly with enrichment of the cell membrane lipids with arachidonic acid.
Sequence differentiation in regions identified by a genome scan for local adaptation (2008)

Genome scans using large numbers of randomly selected markers have revealed a small proportion of loci that deviate from neutral expectations and so may mark genomic regions that contribute to local adaptation. Measurements of sequence differentiation and identification of genes in these regions is important but difficult, especially in organisms with limited genetic information available. We have followed up a genome scan in the marine gastropod, Littorina saxatilis, by searching a bacterial artificial chromosome library with differentiated and undifferentiated markers, sequencing four bacterial artificial chromosomes and then analysing sequence variation in population samples for fragments at, and close to the original marker polymorphisms. We show that sequence differentiation follows the patterns expected from the original marker frequencies, that differentiated markers identify independent and highly localized sites and that these sites fall outside coding regions. Two differentiated loci are characterized by insertions of putative transposable elements that appear to have increased in frequency recently and which might influence expression of downstream genes. These results provide strong candidate loci for the study of local adaptation in Littorina. They demonstrate an approach that can be applied to follow up genome scans in other taxa and they show that the genome scan approach can lead rapidly to candidate genes in nonmodel organisms.
Balancing the benefits inherent in reconfigurable coherent optical transceivers (2013)

Starting with transmission performance from commercially available 100+ Gb/s DP-QPSK transceivers, we calculate relative distance reach penalties and corresponding spectral efficiency improvements made possible with DSP-based pulse shaping and quasi-Nyquist subcarrier spacing. Modulation formats for nominal rate 400 Gb/s and 1.6 Tb/s superchannels, for different symbol rates, subcarrier spacing, and guardbands are considered in the context of a flexible grid. A 12.5 GHz frequency slot granularity results in discretization of operating parameters. Cases are highlighted in which distance reach penalties are incurred without the desired improvements in spectral efficiency; avoidance of such cases is expected to increase link reliability.
Supplementary Table 1 from Comprehensive Genome Methylation Analysis in Bladder Cancer: Identification and Validation of Novel Methylated Genes and Application of These as Urinary Tumor Markers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 73K&lt;/p&gt;
Useful Principles to Predict the Performance of Polymeric Flavour Delivery Systems (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Overview Introduction Compatibility and cohesion Sorption and swelling Diffusion and release References
Glial HO-1 Suppression as a Neuroprotective Strategy in Alzheimer’s Disease (2014)

The mechanisms responsible for oxidative damage, pathological brain iron deposition and mitochondrial insufficiency in Alzheimer disease (AD) remain enigmatic. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32 kDa stress protein that catabolizes heme to biliverdin, free iron and carbon other tissues in various models of disease and trauma. Our laboratory demonstrated that 1) HO-1 protein is significantly over-expressed in AD-affected temporal cortex and hippocampus relative to neurohistologically-normal control preparations, 2) in cultured astrocytes, HO-1 up-regulation by transient transfection of the human ho-1 gene, or stimulation of endogenous HO-1 expression by exposure to β-amyloid, TNFα or IL-1β, promotes intracellular oxidative stress, opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and accumulation of non-transferrin iron in the mitochondrial compartment, and 3) the glial iron sequestration renders cocultured neuron-like PC12 cells prone to oxidative injury (reviewed in Schipper HM. J Neurochem 110: 469-85, 2009). Induction of the astroglial ho-1 gene may constitute a ‘common pathway’ leading to pathological brain iron deposition, intracellular oxidative damage and bioenergetic failure in AD and other human CNS disorders. Hypothesis: Targeted suppression of glial HO-1 hyperactivity may prove to be a rational and effective neurotherapeutic intervention in AD and related neurodegenerative disorders. To begin testing this hypothesis, studies have been initiated to determine whether systemic administration of a novel, selective and brain-permeable inhibitor of HO-1 activity ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of AD.
Scaling of InAlN/GaN power transistors (2012)

This work presents the first use of InAlN/GaN high electron mobility transistors in power electronic applications. High voltage transistors of various gate widths (W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> ) have been fabricated to observe how transistors scale. The high charge density enabled by the InAlN/GaN heterostructure has the potential to reduce the on-resistance of GaN power transistors, compared to the standard AlGaN/GaN structures. Transistors with maximum gate width of W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> =39.6 mm have been fabricated in this study and they showed a total current I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D max</sub> of 18.57 A and specific on-resistance of R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON,sp</sub> =1.497mΩ·cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . In all these devices, the maximum drain voltage, transconductance, and gate-source capacitance scale well, however the off-state current and gate leakage show a super-linear increase with scaling gate width. The demonstration of transistors with large gate widths and high current levels is promising for use in actual circuit applications.