gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scatterometry of nanowire/ nanosheet FETs for advanced technology nodes (2021)

Here, we report the measurement of the dielectric spacer etch process for nanowire and nanosheet FET processes. A previously described Nanowire Test Structure (NWTS) was used for this study.[1, 2, 3] This structure has alternating Si/Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>/…/Si multilayers. Subsequent to the selective etching of the Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> layers (cavity etch), a silicon nitride (SiN) dielectric layer was deposited on the NWTS. Here we report on the use of Mueller Matrix Spectroscopic Ellipsometry based Scatterometry (MMSE) to measure the thickness of the SiN dielectric layer after deposition and after trim etch steps. Four different amounts of trim etch were characterized.
Designed organo‐layered silicates as nanoreactors for 1,3‐butadiene stereospecific polymerization toward rubber nanocomposites synthesis (2010)

Abstract Organo‐modified layered silicates were synthesized and used as inorganic carriers for CoCl 2 (P t Bu 2 Me) 2 ‐MAO catalyst in the polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene, yielding cis ‐1,4‐enriched polybutadiene. The organoclays were prepared by: (i) intercalation of ( ar ‐vinyl‐benzyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride salt through an ion exchange reaction, and (ii) the edge‐surface grafting by trimethylchlorosilane. The ammonium modifier acts as “spacer” increasing the layer d ‐spacing and as “filler” favoring the silylation of the edge‐surface clay hydroxyls. The grafted silane prevents the MAO cocatalyst from reacting with the edge‐OHs, by forcing it to react within the interlayer clay region. MAO lead to methylation of the cobalt complex and carbanion abstraction to give a cobalt‐methyl cation that is stabilized by the MAO anion. The nanoconfined cationic alkylated species insert the butadiene on the Co‐Me bond affording the growth of the polymer chains within the clay layers. The growing of the macromolecular chains fills the interlayer silicate region giving an intercalated polybutadiene rubber nanocomposite. The role of the silicate organo modification on the heterogeneous catalyst structural features, the polymerization behavior and the nanocomposite structures are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
5,291‐ppi OLED display enabled by monolithic integration of C‐axis‐aligned crystalline IGZO FET and Si CMOS (2022)

Abstract For the first time in the world, we have fabricated an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) display that monolithically integrates Si CMOS and oxide semiconductor FETs (OSFETs). OSFETs can be monolithically stacked on Si CMOS. With this OS/Si monolithic stack technology, we have fabricated driver circuits with Si CMOS and pixel circuits with OSFETs. This enables displays to have thin bezels. In addition, fabricating pixel circuits with OSFETs, which have higher breakdown voltage than Si CMOS, allows the use of tandem OLED devices that require high driving voltage. This enables an OLED display with a pixel density over 5,000 ppi.
Response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in a horse with hyperthyroidism associated with a functional thyroid adenoma. (2019)

A 16-year-old American Paint Horse gelding was presented for evaluation of weight loss and high serum thyroid hormone concentrations resulting from a functional thyroid adenoma. The horse showed no response to a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test. Clinical signs resolved following surgical removal of the adenoma.
Human T cells expressing affinity-matured TCR display accelerated responses but fail to recognize low density of MHC-peptide antigen (2011)

We have tested whether affinity-matured TCRs that retain peptide specificity improve the ability of primary human CD8(+) T cells to mount antigen-specific responses. We found that TCR affinity correlated with the speed of T-cell responses. High affinity TCR-antigen interactions rapidly initiated T-cell responses, but low affinity TCR/antigen interactions required longer time periods to elicit the same responses. Within the "natural" affinity range, increased TCR-to-antigen affinity correlated with improved ability of T cells to recognize low concentration of antigen. However, affinity-matured TCR with 700-fold enhanced affinity for MHC-to-antigen required 100-fold higher antigen-density to initiate T-cell responses than did wild-type TCR. Using modified peptides to reduce the affinity of TCR-to-antigen interaction, we demonstrate that affinity-matured TCRs are not defective, being superior to wild-type TCR in recognizing low concentration of modified peptides. These data indicate that enhancing TCR affinity can accelerate the speed of T-cell activation and reduce the ability to recognize low density of MHC-to-peptide antigen. We predict that future studies of the human T-cell repertoire will reveal 2 types of low avidity T cells: fast and slow responders, with high-affinity and low-affinity TCR, respectively.
G040031 Joining Mechanism of Ag-coated Glass/A1 Joint boded by Ultrasonic Bonding (2012)

Development ofthe bonding ofAl and various glasses has become essentia to assemble solar panel devices In this report an ultrasonic bonding was applied to the joining between an AI ribbon and an Ag -coated glass substrate and the microstructure of the interface was investigated by several observation techniques Flat non -reacted area and mountainous reacted area were observed at the interface At the reacted area Ag2Al formed as a reaction product and grew to the A1 Around the non -reacted area Si or contamination existed on the Ag Iayer Grain size ofthe Al ribbon was decreased fom several hundreds pm to several pm during the welding Most ofgrain boundaries ofthe bonded AI were small angle grain boundaries
High Pressure Pulsed Radial Glow Discharge CO 2 Laser (1989)

This paper describes the development of the Radial Glow Discharge Pulsed CO2 Laser (RCL) Technology. This laser is pumped by a high pressure UV-preionized self-sustained glow discharge. The discharge is between two concenteric cylinders, with radial current flow. Radial UV preionization leaves the ends open for laser power extraction. The 5 kW laser extraction is axial out of the device. The laser uses 2 resonant charge circuits operating in parallel to charge the main discharge PFN and the UV preionization circuit at 50 Hz. The UV preionization circuit drives 8 sets of flashboards in parallel using 1 thyratron.
A parametric study for the PECVD from Ar/CH4 (2021)

International audience
Paper #98 Richard Caspari award finalist (2003)

Proximal biceps instability or inflammation can produce severe shoulder pain. Surgical treatment is either a tenotomy or a tenodesis. Proximal biceps tenodesis maintains the length-tension relationship of the muscle, provides the maximum potential of elbow function, and ensures satisfactory cosmesis.
Linear Minimax Regret Estimation of Deterministic Parameters with Bounded Data Uncertainties (2004)

We develop a new linear estimator for estimating an unknown parameter vector x in a linear model in the presence of bounded data uncertainties. The estimator is designed to minimize the worst-case regret over all bounded data vectors, namely, the worst-case difference between the mean-squared error (MSE) attainable using a linear estimator that does not know the true parameters x and the optimal MSE attained using a linear estimator that knows x. We demonstrate through several examples that the minimax regret estimator can significantly increase the performance over the conventional least-squares estimator, as well as several other least-squares alternatives.
Spectral manifestation of optical Tamm states in a metal-cholesteric liquid crystals stack (2023)

The reflection spectrum of linearly polarized light by a system consisting of a metal film and two adjacent sequentially located cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) with opposite helical twists is theoretically studied. The system contains a dielectric index-matching layer (DIML) between the metal film and the CLC layers. It is shown that in such a system the excitation of optical Tamm states (OTSs) by linearly polarized light is possible. The influence of the CLC pitch, refractive indices, and thicknesses of the DIML and metal film on the OTS manifestation in the reflection spectrum of the system is studied. The strong influence of the DIML thickness on the OTS wavelength and the appearance of multiple OTSs with an increase in the DIML thickness is noted.
Switching light with light – advanced functional colloidal monolayers (2013)

Colloidal monolayers comprising of highly ordered two dimensional crystals are of high interest to generate surface patterns for a variety of different applications. Mostly, unfunctionalized polymer or silica colloids are assembled into monolayers. However, the incorporation of functional molecules into such colloids offers a convenient possibility of implementing additional properties to the two-dimensional crystal. Here, we present the formation of novel functional colloidal monolayers with photoswitchable fluorescence. The miniemulsion polymerization technique was used to incorporate an appropriate dye system of a perylene-based fluorophore and a bis-arylethene as a photochrome in polymeric colloids in defined ratios. Upon irradiation with UV or visible light the photochrome reversibly isomerizes from the ring-closed form, which is able to absorb light of the emission wavelength of the fluorescent dye and the ring-open form, which is not. The fluorescence emission of the dye can thus be reversibly switched on and off with light even when embedded in colloids. The colloids were self-assembled at the air-water interface to produce hexagonally ordered functional monolayers and more complex binary crystals. We investigate in detail the influence of the polymeric matrix on the switching properties of the fluorophore/photochrome system and find that the rate constants for the photoswitching, which all lie in the same range, are less influenced by the polymeric environment than expected. We demonstrate the reversible switching of the fluorescence emission in self-assembled colloidal monolayers. The arrangement of broadly distributed functional colloids into ordered monolayers with high addressability was obtained by the formation of binary colloidal monolayers.
Healing of perforating rat corneal incisions closed with photodynamic laser‐activated tissue glue (2004)

These data demonstrate that photodynamic laser activated tissue glues can be used to effectively seal corneal incisions in living animals without thermal damage or undue inflammation.
Graphitised Carbon Nanofibres as Catalyst Support for PEMFC (2011)

Abstract Graphitised carbon nanofibres (G‐CNFs) show superior thermal stability and corrosion resistance in PEM fuel cell environment over traditional carbon black (CB) and carbon nanotube catalyst supports. However, G‐CNFs have an inert surface with only very limited amount of surface defects for the anchorage of Pt catalyst nanoparticles. Modification of the fibre surface is therefore needed. In this study Pt nanoparticles have been deposited onto as‐received and surface‐modified G‐CNFs. The surface modifications of the fibres comprise acid treatment and nitrogen doping by pyrolysis of a polyaniline (PANI) precursor. The modified surfaces were studied by FTIR and XPS and the electrochemical characterization, including long‐term Pt stability tests, was performed using a low‐temperature PEMFC single cell. The performance and stability of the G‐CNF supported catalysts were compared with a CB supported catalyst and the effects of the different surface treatments were discussed. On the basis of these results, new membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were manufactured and tested also for carbon corrosion by in situ FTIR analysis of the cathode exhaust gases. It was observed that the G‐CNFs showed 5 times lower carbon corrosion compared to CB based catalyst when potential reached 1.5 V versus RHE in simulated start/stop cycling.
Dynamic prediction of communication flow using social context (2008)

In this paper, we develop a temporally evolving representation framework for context that can efficiently predict communication flow in social networks between a given pair of individuals. The problem is important because it facilitates determining social and market trends as well as efficient information paths among people. We describe communication flow by two parameters: the intent to communicate and communication delay. To estimate these parameters, we design features to characterize communication and social context. Communication context refers to the attributes of current communication. Social context refers to the patterns of participation in communication (information roles) and the degree of overlap of friends between two people (strength of ties). A subset of optimal features of the communication and social context is chosen at a given time instant using five different feature selection strategies. The features are thereafter used in a Support Vector Regression framework to predict the intent to communicate and the delay between a pair of individuals. We have excellent results on a real world dataset from the most popular social networking site, www.myspace.com. We observe interestingly that while context can reasonably predict intent, delay seems to be more dependent on the personal contextual changes and other latent factors characterizing communication, e.g. 'age' of information transmitted and presence of cliques among people.
Tissue Characterization of Equine Tendons With Clinical B-Scan Images Using a Shock Filter Thinning Algorithm (2010)

The fiber bundle density (FBD) calculated from ultrasound B-scan images of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) can serve as an objective measurement to characterize the three metacarpal sites of normal SDFTs, and also to discriminate a healthy SDFT from an injured one. In this paper, we propose a shock filter algorithm for the thinning of hyper-echoic structures observed in B-scan images of the SDFT. This algorithm is further enhanced by applying closing morphological operations on filtered images to facilitate extraction and quantification of fiber bundle fascicles. The mean FBD values were calculated from a clinical B-scan image dataset of eight normal and five injured SDFTs. The FBD values measured at three different tendon sites in normal cases show a highest density on the proximal site (five cases out of eight) and a lowest value on the distal part (seven cases out of eight). The mean FBD values measured on the entire tendon from the whole B-scan image dataset show a significant difference between normal and injured SDFTs: 51 (±9) for the normal SDFTs and 39 (±7) for the injured ones (p = 0.004) . This difference likely indicates disruption of some fiber fascicle bundles where lesions occurred. To conclude, the potential of this imaging technique is shown to be efficient for anatomical structural SDFT characterizations, and opens the way to clinically identifying the integrity of SDFTs.
Data from The Addition of the BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib to Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CART19) Improves Responses against Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Responses to therapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells recognizing CD19 (CART19, CTL019) may vary by histology. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) represents a B-cell malignancy that remains incurable despite novel therapies such as the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib, and where data from CTL019 therapy are scant. Using MCL as a model, we sought to build upon the outcomes from CTL019 and from ibrutinib therapy by combining these in a rational manner.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; MCL cell lines and primary MCL samples were combined with autologous or normal donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR T cells along with ibrutinib. The effect of the combination was studied &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in mouse xenograft models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; MCL cells strongly activated multiple CTL019 effector functions, and MCL killing by CTL019 was further enhanced in the presence of ibrutinib. In a xenograft MCL model, we showed superior disease control in the CTL019- as compared with ibrutinib-treated mice (median survival not reached vs. 95 days, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.005) but most mice receiving CTL019 monotherapy eventually relapsed. Therefore, we added ibrutinib to CTL019 and showed that 80% to 100% of mice in the CTL019 + ibrutinib arm and 0% to 20% of mice in the CTL019 arm, respectively, remained in long-term remission (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Combining CTL019 with ibrutinib represents a rational way to incorporate two of the most recent therapies in MCL. Our findings pave the way to a two-pronged therapeutic strategy in patients with MCL and other types of B-cell lymphoma. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2684–96. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Cancer and Their therapeutics (2016)

B cells are a heterogeneous population in immune defense system with multidirectional functions. In cancer patients, B cell infiltrates are associated with a significant increase of overall survival. We have recently developed a GM-CSF and IL-4 derived fusion cytokine named GIFT4, which has the capability to prime nave B cells into anti-tumor immune effector cells. Herein, we overview current research findings on B cell anti-tumor functions and B cell-based approaches for cancer immunotherapy. We predict that GIFT4augmented B cells as a potent cellular therapeutic could provide a new approach for cancer immunotherapy.
A Flexible Label-Free Biosensor Sensitive and Selective to TNF-a: Application for Chronic Heart Failure (2014)

Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that is characterized by elevated circulating levels for chronic heart failure (CHF) and left ventricular assisted device (LVAD) implantation patients, respectively. Therefore, a rapid and ease-of-use diagnostic tool is required to monitor LVAD patients at a high risk of mortality during early expression of an inflammatory storm. In this paper, we report on the quantitative electrochemical detection of human TNF-a with its corresponding antibody (Ab) immobilized onto the functionalized biosensor surface. The label-free biosensor was fabricated on a gold surface that was deposited on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate. The interfacial properties of the functionalized flexible gold electrodes were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in the presence of Fe(CN)64-/3- as the redox-active species. Afterwards, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique was used to determine the TNF-a) concentrations. EIS results confirmed that the developed flexible biosensor can accurately detect TNF-a with a good sensitivity in the dynamic range of 0.1 pg/mL to 0.5 ng/mL. Overall, the developed flexible biosensor was easy to fabricate and the results demonstrate a good selectivity in the presence of other cytokines such as interleukin: (IL-10) and (IL-1).
Efficiency-enhanced cost-volume filtering featuring coarse-to-fine strategy (2017)

Cost-volume filtering (CVF) is one of the most widely used techniques for solving general multi-labeling problems based on a Markov random field (MRF). However it is inefficient when the label space size (i.e., the number of labels) is large. This paper presents a coarse-to-fine strategy for cost-volume filtering that efficiently and accurately addresses multi-labeling problems with a large label space size. Based on the observation that true labels at the same coordinates in images of different scales are highly correlated, we truncate unimportant labels for cost-volume filtering by leveraging the labeling output of lower scales. Experimental results show that our algorithm achieves much higher efficiency than the original CVF method while maintaining a comparable level of accuracy. Although we performed experiments that deal with only stereo matching and optical flow estimation, the proposed method can be employed in many other applications because of the applicability of CVF to general discrete pixel-labeling problems based on an MRF.
Causal inference indicates that poor responders have similar outcomes with the antagonist protocol compared with flare (2023)

Poor responders have similar outcomes on an antagonist protocol compared with a flare protocol for both the first and second cycles.
Modes of Failure of Osteonics Constrained Tripolar Implants: A Retrospective Analysis of Forty-three Failed Implants (2008)

The Osteonics constrained tripolar total hip arthroplasty implant is a complex device involving many parts. We showed that failure of this device can occur at most of its interfaces. It would therefore appear logical to limit its application to salvage situations.
Synthesis of mono-fluoromethyl 6,5-heteroaromatic bicycles using 1,3-difluoroacetone as a cyclising reagent (2022)

The development of facile, wide scope synthetic methodologies providing access to fluorinated motifs is important in medic-inal chemistry; for our purposes, we are interested in developing fluorine-tagged compounds to investigate their utility in Huntington’s disease. Here, we describe a novel, operationally simple and mild procedure for the synthesis of mono-fluoromethyl 6,5-heteroaromatic bicycles using 1,3-difluoroacetone (DFA). The scope of the reaction was investigated, and 27 examples synthesized with yields up to 96%.
Nanoparticles with Raman Spectroscopic Fingerprints for DNA and RNA Detection* (2020)

Multiplexed detection of oligonucleotide targets has been performed with gold nanoparticle probes labeled with oligonucleotides and Raman-active dyes. A highly sensitive and selective detection format for DNA relies on oligonucleotide-functionalized nanoparticles as probes, a particle-initiated Ag developing technique for signal enhancement, and a flatbed scanner for optical readout. In a typical experiment for DNA detection, a three-component sandwich assay is used in microarray format. Eight separate tests were carried out to evaluate the selectivity of the system and our ability to determine the number and types of strands in solutions containing mixtures of the different targets. Compared with fluorescence-based chip detection, this nanoparticle-based methodology offers several advantages. The ratio of Raman intensities can be extracted from a single Raman spectrum with single-laser excitation. Second, the number of available Raman dyes is much greater than the number of available and discernable fluorescent dyes.
Improving the Performance of Towers with Random Packing (2018)

Random packing is generally the preferred mass transfer device in towers operating at elevated pressure and/or high liquid rates. The performance of these towers can be improved by using modern random packing with increased capacity or efficiency. INTALOX ULTRA random packing can be used to achieve efficiency or capacity benefits compared to IMTP and other random packing types. In the demethanizer and gas absorber applications discussed in this paper the operating companies were able to significantly increase the capacity of their units without sacrificing separation performance. This allowed operating companies to increase the capacity of their towers by replacing IMTP random packing with INTALOX ULTRA random packing.
Comparison of Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Virus Neutralization by HIV-1 Env-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies (2016)

This study provides fundamental insights into the relationship between antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and virus neutralization that may help to guide the development of antibody-based vaccines and immunotherapies for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection.