gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of a Freestanding Boron Nitride Single Layer and Its Defect Assignments (2009)

A freestanding single layer of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has been successfully fabricated by controlled energetic electron irradiation through a layer-by-layer sputtering process. We have successfully resolved atomic defects in h-BN with triangle shapes by means of an aberration corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with exit-wave reconstruction. Boron monovacancies are found to be preferably formed and the dominating zigzag-type edges are proved to be nitrogen terminated.
Copper Shell Networks in Polymer Composites for Efficient Thermal Conduction (2013)

Thermal management of polymeric composites is a crucial issue to determine the performance and reliability of the devices. Here, we report a straightforward route to prepare polymeric composites with Cu thin film networks. Taking advantage of the fluidity of polymer melt and the ductile properties of Cu films, the polymeric composites were created by the Cu metallization of PS bead and the hot press molding of Cu-plated PS beads. The unique three-dimensional Cu shell-networks in the PS matrix demonstrated isotropic and ideal conductive performance at even extremely low Cu contents. In contrast to the conventional simple melt-mixed Cu beads/PS composites at the same concentration of 23.0 vol %, the PS composites with Cu shell networks indeed revealed 60 times larger thermal conductivity and 8 orders of magnitude larger electrical conductivity. Our strategy offers a straightforward and high-throughput route for the isotropic thermal and electrical conductive composites.
Correctness-preserving derivation of concurrent garbage collection algorithms (2006)

Constructing correct concurrent garbage collection algorithms is notoriously hard. Numerous such algorithms have been proposed, implemented, and deployed - and yet the relationship among them in terms of speed and precision is poorly understood, and the validation of one algorithm does not carry over to others.As programs with low latency requirements written in garbagecollected languages become part of society's mission-critical infrastructure, it is imperative that we raise the level of confidence in the correctness of the underlying system, and that we understand the trade-offs inherent in our algorithmic choice.In this paper we present correctness-preserving transformations that can be applied to an initial abstract concurrent garbage collection algorithm which is simpler, more precise, and easier to prove correct than algorithms used in practice--but also more expensive and with less concurrency. We then show how both pre-existing and new algorithms can be synthesized from the abstract algorithm by a series of our transformations. We relate the algorithms formally using a new definition of precision, and informally with respect to overhead and concurrency.This provides many insights about the nature of concurrent collection, allows the direct synthesis of new and useful algorithms, reduces the burden of proof to a single simple algorithm, and lays the groundwork for the automated synthesis of correct concurrent collectors.
Low-voltage Dynamic Light Manipulation with Slot Silicon-organic Metasurfaces (2023)

Fast-tunable metasurfaces would provide reconfigurable optical wavefronts. We show the integration of slot resonance metasurfaces with electro-optic polymers that will enable large and fast modulation under low voltages.
Abstract 3161: The perlecan-semaphorin3A-plexinA1-neuropilin-1 Complex: Toggle control of prostate cancer cycles of dormancy and reactivation (2021)

Abstract Introduction: Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) undergoes cycles of dormancy and reactivation, resulting in secondary metastasis, and leading to lethal disease. PCa preferentially metastasizes to bone where it can remain dormant for years after initial colonization. Previous work showed different growth and dormancy phenotypes in PCa tumors injected subcutaneously and intrafemorally, though the exact source of the dormancy-inducing factors remains undefined. We identified a novel receptor complex, the Perlecan-Semaphorin3A-PlexinA1-Neuropilin-1 (PSPN) complex, that is modulated by context-specific endothelial cell populations. The overall goal of this project is to identify the role of endothelial cells in stabilizing and silencing metastatic behavior via the PSPN complex, it's downstream pathways, and it's turnover by matrix metalloproteinase 7/Matrilysin (MMP-7). Methods: Live/dead assays coupled with immunolabeling and molecular approaches were used to determine the molecular impact of secreted endothelial cell factors on PCa signaling and behavior through the PSPN Complex in 2.5D and 3D microtumor cultures. Reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) provided an unbiased means to assess the downstream molecular events in 3D co-cultures of PCa and microvascular cells. Results: Intact perlecan (P) induced clustering via engagement of PSPN complex. Destruction of complex components by MMP-7 activated growth and migration. FOXM1 was activated downstream of PSPN complex cleavage and resulting destabilization, consistent with escape from dormancy. Secreted factors from endothelial cells induced dormancy and reduced FOXM1 activation. Immunolocalization data showed internalization of plexin A1 with immunostaining both at the PCa cell surface and perinuclear, consistent with dynamic turnover associated with activation of signaling after loss of the PSPN complex. Conclusion: Intact PSPN complex at the PCa cell surface favors a dormant state that is reversed by MMP7 cleavage. In the cohesive state (PSPN complex intact) FOXM1 is “off”, inhibiting the transcription of growth and metastasis promoting factors. Context-specific endothelial cell populations secrete PSPN complex stabilizing proteins, silence downstream signaling, and result in a dormant phenotype. We propose that the PSPN complex at metastatic sites such as bone acts as a molecular toggle that can maintain dormancy until the switch is “flipped” by MMP-7 allowing reactivation, dyscohesion and favoring growth and metastasis. Citation Format: Tristen V. Tellman, Lindsey K. Sablatura, Lissette A. Cruz, Sue-Hwa Lin, Leland W. Chung, Mary C. Farach-Carson. The perlecan-semaphorin3A-plexinA1-neuropilin-1 Complex: Toggle control of prostate cancer cycles of dormancy and reactivation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 3161.
Serotonergic Neurotransmission in Limbic Regions May Reflect Therapeutic Response of Depressive Patients: A PET Study With 11C-WAY-100635 and 18F-MPPF (2023)

These results suggest a diversity of antidepressant-induced extracellular 5-HT elevations in the limbic system among depressive patients, which is associated with the individual variability of clinical symptoms following the treatment.
Upper roughness limitations on the TIS/RMS relationship (2012)

The relationship between total integrated scatter and rms roughness was developed in the radar literature and enabled the first use of scatter measurements to monitor optical roughness. This relationship has been used and misused ever since. Its most common form makes use of a smooth surface approximation and has been applied to optical surfaces now for half a century. It has been suggested that Davies’ exponential form can be applied to much rougher surfaces. This paper investigates that issue through a combination of approximate and rigorous calculations made on optically deep sinusoidal gratings and a few measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Aggregation Properties of a New Family of Amphiphiles with an Unusual Headgroup Topology. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Capillary Array Electrophoresis Bioprocessors (2002)

Microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis devices have been developed that provide unprecedented analysis speed and throughput. The next challenge is the development of integrated arrays of valves, vents, pumps and reactors to provide nanoliter volume sample preparation and the development of integrated detectors to facilitate portable devices. This paper presents our current work on the development of integrated pneumatic valves and pumps that operate on the nanoliter scale, microfabricated resistive heaters and temperature sensors for integrated sample preparation, and integrated hydrogenated amorphous Si photodiode detectors that enable point-of-analysis devices.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Propargylamines Through Zr‐Catalyzed Addition of Mixed Alkynylzinc Reagents to Arylimines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of (±)-cycloprop-G, the cyclopropyl analogue of the broad spectrum antiviral agent cyclobut-G (1992)

D. W. Norbeck, H. L. Sham, T. Herrin, W. Rosenbrook and J. J. Plattner, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 128 DOI: 10.1039/C39920000128
Termination of persistent atrial fibrillation by ablating sites that control large atrial areas (2020)

Mapping wavefront vectors in persistent AF revealed competing organized areas. Ablation that progressively enlarged remaining areas was acutely successful, and sites where ablation terminated AF were surrounded by large organized areas. Patients in whom large organized areas did not emerge during ablation did not exhibit AF termination. Further studies should define how fibrillatory activity is organized within such areas and whether this approach can guide ablation.
Incorporation of time varying AR modeling in speech recognition system based on dynamic programming (2002)

Two isolated-word speaker-independent recognition systems are based on non-stationary representations of the speech signal. The first system is based on a time-varying linear prediction model. This recognition system is distinguishable by incorporation of the model and appropriate extension of the log likelihood ratio (LLR) distortion measure. The second system is based on the lattice model represented by time-varying reflection coefficients In this System, the distortion measure used is the Euclidean distance. In order to support this system properly, the extension of the LLR was modified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Harmony: Holistic messaging middleware for event-driven systems (2008)

In this paper, we present Harmony, a holistic messaging middleware for distributed, event-driven systems. Harmony supports various communication paradigms and heterogeneous networks. The key novelty of Harmony is the unified provision of end-to-end quality of service, security, and resiliency, which shields the applications from the underlying network dynamics, failures, and security configurations. We describe the Harmony architecture in the context of cyber-physical business applications and elaborate on the design of its critical system components, including routing, security, and mobility support.
A 48-Core IA-32 message-passing processor with DVFS in 45nm CMOS (2010)

A 567 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> processor on 45 nm CMOS integrates 48 IA-32 cores and 4 DDR3 channels in a 6×4 2D-mesh network. Cores communicate through message passing using 384 KB of on-die shared memory. Fine-grain power management takes advantage of 8 voltage and 28 frequency islands to allow independent DVFS of cores and mesh. As performance scales, the processor dissipates between 25 W and 125 W.
Supplemental Figure 3 from Systemic Delivery of Microencapsulated 3-Bromopyruvate for the Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Demonstration of Treatment-related Toxicity using Survival Analysis and Organ Histology.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure 9 from αvβ6 Integrin Promotes Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer through JNK1-Mediated Activation of Androgen Receptor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Immunostaining of alphavbeta6 integrin in human prostate AdCa.&lt;/p&gt;
Sustained elevation of extracellular adenosine and activation of A1 receptors underlie the post‐ischaemic inhibition of neuronal function in rat hippocampus in vitro (2006)

Adenosine is released from the compromised brain and exerts a predominately neuroprotective influence. However, the time-course of adenosine release and its relationship to synaptic activity during metabolic stress is not fully understood. Here, we describe experiments using an enzyme-based adenosine sensor to show that adenosine potently (IC50 approximately 1 microm) inhibits excitatory synaptic transmission in area CA1 during oxygen/glucose deprivation ('ischaemia'), and that the prolonged post-ischaemic presence of extracellular adenosine sustains the depression of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP). N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism promotes post-ischaemic recovery of the fEPSP, in parallel with reduced release of adenosine. Paradoxically, however, after ischaemia the fEPSP recovers in the face of concentrations of adenosine capable of fully eliminating synaptic transmission during ischaemia. This hysteresis is not prevented by NMDA receptor antagonism, is observed during repeated ischaemia when adenosine release is reduced, and does not reflect desensitization of adenosine A1 receptors. We conclude that adenosine exerts powerful inhibitory actions on excitatory synaptic transmission both during, and for some considerable time after, ischaemia. Therapeutic strategies designed to exploit both the continued presence of adenosine and activity of A1 receptors could provide benefits in individuals who have suffered acute injury to the CNS.
Data from A Novel Germline Variant in CSF3R Reduces N-Glycosylation and Exerts Potent Oncogenic Effects in Leukemia (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mutations in the colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R) have been identified in the vast majority of patients with chronic neutrophilic leukemia and are present in other kinds of leukemia, such as acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we studied the function of novel germline variants in CSF3R at amino acid N610. These N610 substitutions were potently oncogenic and activated the receptor independently of its ligand GCSF. These mutations activated the JAK–STAT signaling pathway and conferred sensitivity to JAK inhibitors. Mass spectrometry revealed that the N610 residue is part of a consensus N-linked glycosylation motif in the receptor, usually linked to complex glycans. N610 was also the primary site of sialylation of the receptor. Membrane-proximal N-linked glycosylation was critical for maintaining the ligand dependence of the receptor. Mutation of the N610 site prevented membrane-proximal N-glycosylation of CSF3R, which then drove ligand-independent cellular expansion. Kinase inhibitors blocked growth of cells with an N610 mutation. This study expands the repertoire of oncogenic mutations in CSF3R that are therapeutically targetable and provides insight into the function of glycans in receptor regulation.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study reveals the critical importance of membrane-proximal N-linked glycosylation of CSF3R for the maintenance of ligand dependency in leukemia &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Energy Efficiency of Uplink Cell-Free Massive MIMO With Transmit Power Control in Measured Propagation Channel (2021)

Cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) provides wireless connectivity for a large number of user equipments (UEs) using access points (APs) distributed across a wide area with high spectral efficiency (SE). The energy efficiency (EE) of the uplink is determined by (i) the transmit power control (TPC) algorithms, (ii) the numbers, configurations, and locations of the APs and the UEs, and (iii) the propagation channels between the APs and the UEs. This paper investigates all three aspects, based on extensive (~30,000 possible AP locations and 128 possible UE locations) channel measurement data at 3.5 GHz. We compare three different TPC algorithms, namely maximization of transmit power (max-power), maximization of minimum SE (max-min SE), and maximization of minimum EE (max-min EE) while guaranteeing a target SE. We also compare various antenna arrangements including fully-distributed and semi-distributed systems, where APs can be located on a regular grid or randomly, and the UEs can be placed in clusters or far apart. Overall, we show that the max-min EE TPC is highly effective in improving the uplink EE, especially when no UE within a set of served UEs is in a bad channel condition and when the BS antennas are fully-distributed.
Extracting community structure through relational hypergraphs (2009)

Social media websites promote diverse user interaction on media objects as well as user actions with respect to other users. The goal of this work is to discover community structure in rich media social networks, and observe how it evolves over time, through analysis of multi-relational data. The problem is important in the enterprise domain where extracting emergent community structure on enterprise social media, can help in forming new collaborative teams, aid in expertise discovery, and guide long term enterprise reorganization. Our approach consists of three main parts: (1) a relational hypergraph model for modeling various social context and interactions; (2) a novel hypergraph factorization method for community extraction on multi-relational social data; (3) an on-line method to handle temporal evolution through incremental hypergraph factorization. Extensive experiments on real-world enterprise data suggest that our technique is scalable and can extract meaningful communities. To evaluate the quality of our mining results, we use our method to predict users' future interests. Our prediction outperforms baseline methods (frequency counts, pLSA) by 36-250% on the average, indicating the utility of leveraging multi-relational social context by using our method.
A Two-component Flavin-dependent Monooxygenase Involved in Actinorhodin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor (2004)

The two-component flavin-dependent monooxygenases belong to an emerging class of enzymes involved in oxidation reactions in a number of metabolic and biosynthetic pathways in microorganisms. One component is a NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase, which provides a reduced flavin to the second component, the proper monooxygenase. There, the reduced flavin activates molecular oxygen for substrate oxidation. Here, we study the flavin reductase ActVB and ActVA-ORF5 gene product, both reported to be involved in the last step of biosynthesis of the natural antibiotic actinorhodin in Streptomyces coelicolor. For the first time we show that ActVA-ORF5 is a FMN-dependent monooxygenase that together with the help of the flavin reductase ActVB catalyzes the oxidation reaction. The mechanism of the transfer of reduced FMN between ActVB and ActVA-ORF5 has been investigated. Dissociation constant values for oxidized and reduced flavin (FMNox and FMNred) with regard to ActVB and ActVA-ORF5 have been determined. The data clearly demonstrate a thermodynamic transfer of FMNred from ActVB to ActVA-ORF5 without involving a particular interaction between the two protein components. In full agreement with these data, we propose a reaction mechanism in which FMNox binds to ActVB, where it is reduced, and the resulting FMNred moves to ActVA-ORF5, where it reacts with O2 to generate a flavinperoxide intermediate. A direct spectroscopic evidence for the formation of such species within ActVA-ORF5 is reported.
Navigation of uncertain terrain by fusion of information from real and synthetic imagery (2012)

We consider the scenario where an autonomous platform that is searching or traversing a building may observe unstable masonry or may need to travel over unstable rubble. A purely behaviour-based system may handle these challenges but produce behaviour that works against long-terms goals such as reaching a victim as quickly as possible. We extend our work on ADAPT, a cognitive robotics architecture that incorporates 3D simulation and image fusion, to allow the robot to predict the behaviour of physical phenomena, such as falling masonry, and take actions consonant with long-term goals. We experimentally evaluate a cognitive only and reactive only approach to traversing a building filled with various numbers of challenges and compare their performance. The reactive only approach succeeds only 38% of the time, while the cognitive only approach succeeds 100% of the time. While the cognitive only approach produces very impressive behaviour, our results indicate how much better the combination of cognitive and behaviour-based can be.
Development of Liposomal Vesicles for Osimertinib Delivery to EGFR Mutation—Positive Lung Cancer Cells (2020)

Osimertinib (OSI, AZD9291), is a third-generation, irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that selectively inhibits both EGFR-TKI-sensitizing and EGFR T790M resistance mutations. OSI has been approved as a first-line treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancer and for metastatic EGFR T790M-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Liposome-based delivery of OSI can provide a new formulation of the drug that can be administered via alternative delivery routes (intravenous, inhalation). In this manuscript, we report for the first time development and characterization of liposomal OSI formulations with diameters of ca. 115 nm. Vesicles were composed of phosphatidylcholines with various saturation and carbon chain lengths, cholesterol and pegylated phosphoethanolamine. Liposomes were loaded with OSI passively, resulting in a drug being dissolved in the phospholipid matrix or actively via remote-loading leading to the formation of OSI precipitate in the liposomal core. Remotely loaded liposomes were characterized by nearly 100% entrapment efficacy and represent a depot of OSI. Passively-loaded vesicles released OSI following the Peppas-Sahlin model, in a mechanism combining drug diffusion and liposome relaxation. OSI-loaded liposomes composed of l-α-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) demonstrated a higher toxicity in non-small lung cancer cells with EGFR T790M resistance mutation (H-1975) when compared with free OSI. Developed OSI formulations did not show antiproliferative activity in vitro in healthy lung epithelial cells (MRC-5) without the EGFR mutation.