gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Computin: A Critical Enabling Technology (1994)

TR # 94-58 TR Title: Real-Time Computing: A Critical Enabling Technology Author(s): Jack Stankovic, IEEE Fellow -- Univ of Massachusetts, Kang Shin, IEEE Fellow -- Univ of Michigan, Herman Kopetz, IEEE Fellow -- Tech. Univ of Vienna, Krithi Ramamritham -- Univ of Massachusetts, Lui Sha -- SEI-CMU, Doug Locke -- IBM, Jane Liu -- Univ of Illinois, Al Mok -- Univ of Texas, Austin, Susan Davidson -- Univ of Pennsylvania, Insup Lee -- Univ of Pennsylvania, Jay Strosnider -- CMU Address: Prof. John A. Stankovic Dept. of Computer Science University of Massachusetts LGRC, Campus Box 34610 Amherst MA 01003-4610 Date: July 29, 1994 ABSRTACT Real-time computing is a generic enabling technology for many important application areas including: flexible manufacturing, multimedia, intelligent vehicle highway systems, telecommunications (the information super highway), robotics, process control, avionics, aircraft flight programs, air traffic control, real-time simulation, virtual reality, space applications, nuclear power plants, intensive care monitoring, and defense applications such as command, control and communications. In particular, almost all safety critical systems are real-time systems. It is {\bf astounding} that such a critical and central technology is not the {\bf focus} of any current research agenda of any major funding agency. The effect is that for each of these application areas real-time research is funded in a piecemeal and unfocused manner, thereby sometimes {\em re-inventing} the wheel, slowing down progress, introducing higher than necessary cost, and possibly producing inferior (or even dangerous) solutions. A strong research and transfer of technology program in real-time computing would serve to produce generic results that can be used in all these important applications, as well as in new ones that develop in the future. The benefit of such a research program is likely to be immense since the results are potentially usable by so many industries critical to the economy, public safety, and the nation''s defense. A focused research program should be funded and put into place as soon as possible to capitalize on the current research infrastructure and momentum formed in part by ONR''s recent, but expired research initiative on real-time computing.
Modelling of Capacitive Loads for the Study of Transients in Synchronous Machines (1985)

There is often a temptation to model the reactive power loads on a synchronous machine as an equivalent lumped capacitor or reactor for the purposes of transient simulations. Significant errors can result from such an approach, especially in the simulation of fast rotor transients in machines connected to HVdc systems. This paper attemps to show where such simplified representations are allowed, and where they are not. The results indicate that a long and unloaded transmission line may be represented by an equivalent capacitor, but that other loads such as HVdc filters may not. Certain other modelling aspects such as breaker opening are also discussed.
Precursors and processes culminating in the Anak Krakatau December 2018 sector collapse and tsunami (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;It is 135 years after the 1883 volcano-triggered tsunami disaster, when Krakatau volcano became once more the source of a deadly tsunami striking without warning. We use data recorded on the ground and by satellite, to show that the volcano was in an elevated stage of activity throughout the year 2018, producing thermal anomalies associated with volcanic deposits, an increase of the island area and ground movement of the southwestern sector of the island towards the sea, increasing in June 2018. Following further intense activity on 22 December 2018, seismic data reveal the timing and duration when this sector collapsed. The landslide removed 102 million m&amp;amp;#179; of material subaerially, which was followed by ~15 minutes of phreatic explosions. This study allows better understanding of the complex hazard cascades, including precursory thermal anomalies, island growth and deformation, followed by sector collapse, tsunami waves, and finally explosive volcanic eruptions, and has important implications for designing early warning systems.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Code designs for cooperative communication (2007)

The goal of this article is to discuss the implementation of two cooperative protocols - decode-and-forward (DF) and estimate-and-forward (EF). In each case, the starting point is an information theoretic random coding scheme, which motivates a practical code construction. Low-density parity check (LDPC) codes are used as components in both protocols. In DF relaying, the problem boils down to a search for multi-rate LDPC codes that simultaneously perform well for the source-relay and the source- destination links. On the other hand, in EF relaying, the challenge is to design an efficient quantizer for forming a compressed estimate at the relay. The performance of each scheme is comparable to theoretical limits.
Embedded electronics for a 64-channel wireless brain implant (2001)

The Telemetric Electrode Array System (TEAS) is a surgically implantable device for the study of neural activity in the brain. An 8x8 array of electrodes collects intra-cortical neural signals and connects them to an analog front end. The front end amplifies and digitizes these microvolt-level signals with 12 bits of resolution and at 31KHz per channel. Peak detection is used to extract the information carrying features of these signals, which are transmitted over a Bluetooth-based radio link at 725 Kbit/sec. The electrode array is made up of 1mm tall, 60-micron square electrodes spaced 500 microns tip-to-tip. A flex circuit connector provides mechanical isolation between the brain and the electronics, which are mounted to the cranium. Power consumption and management is a critical aspect of the design. The entire system must operate off a surgically implantable battery. With this power source, the system must provide the functionality of a wireless, 64-channel oscilloscope for several hours. The system also provides a low-power sleep mode during which the battery can be inductively charged. Power dissipation and biocompatibility issues also affect the design of the electronics for the probe. The electronics system must fit between the skull and the skin of the test subject. Thus, circuit miniaturization and microassembly techniques are essential to construct the probe's electronics.
Optimization of Novel Indazoles as Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase δ for the Treatment of Respiratory Disease (2015)

Optimization of lead compound 1, through extensive use of structure-based design and a focus on PI3Kδ potency, isoform selectivity, and inhaled PK properties, led to the discovery of clinical candidates 2 (GSK2269557) and 3 (GSK2292767) for the treatment of respiratory indications via inhalation. Compounds 2 and 3 are both highly selective for PI3Kδ over the closely related isoforms and are active in a disease relevant brown Norway rat acute OVA model of Th2-driven lung inflammation.
Probing limits of acoustic nanometrology using coherent extreme ultraviolet light (2013)

Photoacoustic nanometrology using coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light detection is a unique and powerful tool for probing ultrathin films with a wide range of mechanical properties and thicknesses well under 100 nm. In this technique, short wavelength acoustic waves are generated through laser excitation of a nano-patterned metallic grating, and then probed by diffracting coherent EUV beams from the dynamic surface deformation. Both longitudinal and surface acoustic waves within thin films and metallic nanostructures can be observed using EUV light as a phase-sensitive probe. The use of nanostructured metal transducers enables the generation of particularly short wavelength surface acoustic waves, which truly confine the measurement within the ultrathin film layer of interest, to thicknesses &lt; 50 nm for the first time. Simultaneous measurement of longitudinal and transverse surface wave velocities yields both the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the film. In the future, this approach will make possible precise mechanical characterization of nanostructured systems at sub-10 nm length scales.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients With High-Grade Cytomegalovirus Infection May Benefit From Antiviral Therapy (2015)

Introduction: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, but can also have incidental CMV identified on mucosal biopsies. Identifying IBD patients with CMV who may benefit from antiviral therapy thus remains a challenge. Increasing evidence support that patients with a “higher grade” of CMV infection may benefit most from antiviral therapy, but there is no consensus in defining high versus low grade infection. We aim to investigate the effect of antiviral treatment in high and low grade infection by CMV cell number. Methods: Patients with IBD and CMV infection were identified by searching the pathology database. Slides were re-reviewed blinded to clinical outcome and the number of CMV cells on immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was quantified. The distribution of CMV cell counts were determined, and patients were stratified into “high grade” and “low grade” infection, based on the median cell number (high grade: > median, low grade: < median). Charts were reviewed for clinical outcomes and laboratory data including serum CMV PCR. Results: Forty-four patients with IBD and CMV by IHC were identified. Cell count ranged from 1 to 25 cells (median 5); high grade infection was defined as ≥5 cells. Serum CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was significantly higher in patients with high vs low grade infection (167 vs 16 copies, p < 0.05). There were no differences in hospitalization rate, length of stay, and inflammatory markers between high and low grade infection, and between treated versus untreated subgroups (Table 1). Although not statistically significant, there was decreased colectomy rate in patients with high CMV load receiving antiviral treatment, compared to patients not receiving treatment (Table 1). The colectomy rates of treated versus untreated patients with low grade CMV appear to be similar.Table 1Conclusion: Our study indicates that serum CMV PCR correlates with colonic CMV burden and may be used to predict CMV colitis with “high grade” CMV infection. Our data suggests that treating patients with high CMV burden (≥5 CMV inclusion cells) may improve important clinical outcomes, notably colectomy. Further studies are warranted.
[Amiodarone and the thyroid]. (2014)

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent among the I most powerful and the most frequently used for the control of recurrent ventricular tachycardia and the secondary prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation. Its use is not without risk. Although highly effective, it may induce various, sometimes severe, side effects, particularly at the thyroid level.In patients receiving amiodarone, one can encounter biological changes without clinical repercussion. Some may present a true thyroid disease, either hyper- or hypothyroidism. In this literature review, we will see how to prevent, diagnose, and treat these complications,if required.
Regional DNA hypermethylation at D17S5 precedes 17p structural changes in the progression of renal tumors. (1993)

In a preceding paper for brain tumors, we demonstrate a tight association between regional hypermethylation at locus D17S5 of chromosome 17p and allelic loss of this chromosome. Because 17p allelic losses occur at the earliest stages of brain tumors, the exact temporal relationship between this event and the hypermethylation could not be elucidated. In renal cancers, two linked structural changes on chromosome 17p, allelic loss and p53 gene mutations, generally occur late in progression. We now show that D17S5 hypermethylation is tightly coupled to both of these genetic changes in late stage renal tumors. However, the methylation change is the only one of the 17p abnormalities which occurs at a high incidence in early-stage renal cancers (hypermethylation, 50%; 17p allelic loss, 13%; p53 mutations, 0%). Our results firmly suggest that D17S5 regional hypermethylation precedes the appearance of the consistent 17p genetic changes in renal cancers, suggesting that this event either marks, or may even cause, chromatin changes which predispose to genetic instability.
Three‐Dimensional Silicon‐Germanium Nanostructures for CMOS Compatible Light Emitters and Optical Interconnects (2008)

Three‐dimensional SiGe nanostructures grown on Si (SiGe/Si) using molecular beam epitaxy or low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition exhibit photoluminescence and electroluminescence in the important spectral range of 1.3–1.6 μ m. At a high level of photoexcitation or carrier injection, thermal quenching of the luminescence intensity is suppressed and the previously confirmed type‐II energy band alignment at Si/SiGe cluster heterointerfaces no longer controls radiative carrier recombination. Instead, a recently proposed dynamic type‐I energy band alignment is found to be responsible for the strong decrease in carrier radiative lifetime and further increase in the luminescence quantum efficiency.
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants (2021)

WHO.
Specific Proteomic Identification of Collagen-Binding Proteins in Escherichia coli O157:H7: Characterisation of OmpA as a Potent Vaccine Antigen (2023)

<i>Escherichia coli</i> is a versatile commensal species of the animal gut that can also be a pathogen able to cause intestinal and extraintestinal infections. The plasticity of its genome has led to the evolution of pathogenic strains, which represent a threat to global health. Additionally, <i>E. coli</i> strains are major drivers of antibiotic resistance, highlighting the urgent need for new treatment and prevention measures. The antigenic and structural heterogeneity of enterohaemorrhagic <i>E. coli</i> colonisation factors has limited their use for the development of effective and cross-protective vaccines. However, the emergence of new strains that express virulence factors deriving from different <i>E. coli</i> diarrhoeagenic pathotypes suggests that a vaccine targeting conserved proteins could be a more effective approach. In this study, we conducted proteomics analysis and functional protein characterisation to identify a group of proteins potentially involved in the adhesion of <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 to the extracellular matrix and intestinal epithelial cells. Among them, OmpA has been identified as a highly conserved and immunogenic antigen, playing a significant role in the adhesion phenotype of <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 and in bacterial aggregation. Furthermore, antibodies raised against recombinant OmpA effectively reduced the adhesion of <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 to intestinal epithelial cells. The present work highlights the role of OmpA as a potent antigen for the development of a vaccine against intestinal pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>.
Two-Dimensional Pulse Response and Media Noise Modeling for Bit-Patterned Media (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <?Pub Dtl=""?>In high density bit-patterned media (BPM), bits or magnetic islands are very close leading to significant inter-track interference (ITI) in addition to inter-symbol interference (ISI). Also, in BPM, major sources of media noise are the fluctuations in the location of the magnetic islands and fluctuations in the sizes of the magnetic islands. The location fluctuations can happen in both along-the-track and in cross-track directions. The size fluctuations affect both ISI and ITI. In order to obtain a more realistic channel model that includes the 2-D interference and the 2-D impact of media noise, we have developed a 2-D pulse response simulator for BPM. Utilizing the 2-D pulse response, we model the ITI and the media noise. Simulation results show that to achieve an acceptable bit error rate (BER), the location and size fluctuations should be smaller than 8% of the bit period at a density of 1.5 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm Tb/in}^{2}$</tex> </formula>. </para>
Identification and Characterization of Artists' Red Dyes and Their Mixtures by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2007)

Silver film over nanospheres (AgFONs) were successfully employed as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates to characterize several artists' red dyes including: alizarin, purpurin, carminic acid, cochineal, and lac dye. Spectra were collected on sample volumes (1 x 10(-6) M or 15 ng/microL) similar to those that would be found in a museum setting and were found to be higher in resolution and consistency than those collected on silver island films (AgIFs). In fact, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this work presents the highest resolution spectrum of the artists' material cochineal to date. In order to determine an optimized SERS system for dye identification, experiments were conducted in which laser excitation wavelengths were matched with correlating AgFON localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) maxima. Enhancements of approximately two orders of magnitude were seen when resonance SERS conditions were met in comparison to non-resonance SERS conditions. Finally, because most samples collected in a museum contain multiple dyestuffs, AgFONs were employed to simultaneously identify individual dyes within several dye mixtures. These results indicate that AgFONs have great potential to be used to identify not only real artwork samples containing a single dye but also samples containing dyes mixtures.
Flow cytometry and its use in the diagnosis and management of mature lymphoid malignancies (2011)

The last decade has seen major advances in flow cytometric immunophenotyping and this has expanded the utility of flow cytometry to investigate the antigens present on normal and neoplastic haematopoietic cells. This review summarizes how flow cytometry is used currently in the diagnosis and management of mature lymphoid malignancies. The establishment of disease-specific phenotypes allows the creation of assays which can detect neoplastic cells with high specificity and sensitivity. Certain lymphoid neoplasms are well defined immunophenotypically, while others are more heterogeneous. The availability of more sophisticated cytometers and a wider selection of antibodies in routine diagnostic laboratories will lead to the resolution of these more complex disease entities.
Optical Imaging Probes (2008)

In optical imaging has gained popularity in cancer research as an option for in vivo imaging of animal models of cancer. Optical imaging is sometimes viewed as an alternative to more traditional imaging modalities. The reason of such optimistic view is in lower operation costs and relative ease of use, which enables rapid screening of imaging and therapeutic drug candidates in cancer models and assists in preliminary testing of imaging concepts. Biophotonic applications use a wide range of light frequencies—from the long-range ultraviolet to near-infrared. Since the energy of these photons corresponds to wavelengths in the range of 300 to 800 nm, photons interact with individual molecules of the tissue. Most of the colored (light-absorbing) compounds in living organisms carry chromophores, i.e., conjugated p-systems (including alternating single and double bonds) and metal complexes in which electrons absorb light photons with resultant higher energy transition. This is typical for p-systems, metal orbital electron excitation, and charge-transfer effects in metal-ligand systems.
Metallopolymers as Nanostructured Solid‐State Platforms for Electrochemiluminescence Applications (2019)

Abstract Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the process of light emission arising from an electrochemically generated excited state. ECL has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for bioanalysis, in particular when phosphorescent transition metal complexes (TMCs) are used as emitters. Apart from molecular luminophores, there has been increasing interest in the use of both non‐conjugated and π‐conjugated metallopolymers over the last decade. Research efforts in this direction are driven by the appealing possibility to synergistically combine typical features of polymers, such as processability, with the enhanced photophysical and redox properties of several classes of TMCs. Indeed, solid‐state arrangements of ECL‐active metallopolymers enable their straightforward use as sensors with enhanced response. This concept article focuses on ECL‐active metallopolymers and their use in solid‐state platforms, providing a survey with relevant examples together with properties, mechanisms and proposed applications. Finally, the outlook for future applications across different research fields for these materials as well as their limitations for will be discussed.
Title: Sensing whales, storms, ships and earthquakes using an Arctic fibre- optic cable (2021)

Our oceans are critical to the health of our planet and its inhabitants. Increasing pressures on our marine environment are triggering an urgent need for continuous and comprehensive monitoring of the oceans and stressors, including anthropogenic activity. Current ocean observational systems are expensive and have limited temporal and spatial coverage. However, there exists a dense network of Fibre-Optic (FO) telecommunication cables, covering
Current-driven excitations in magnetic multilayer nanopillars from 4.2 K to 300 K (2004)

We report direct experimental evidence of an energy threshold for spin-transfer-induced magnetic excitations in Co/Cu/Co nanopillars from temperature dependent measurements of current-induced excitations. The current threshold of excitations decreases when the temperature is increased from 4.2 to 300 K. However, the product of the current threshold and the pillar resistance stays almost temperature independent up to a temperature of $\ensuremath{\sim}150\mathrm{K}.$ This behavior supports the energy-threshold mechanism for spin-transfer-induced magnetic excitations.
Seminoma of the Testis: Results of Treatment and Patterns of Failure After Radiation Therapy (1983)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Nov 1983Seminoma of the Testis: Results of Treatment and Patterns of Failure After Radiation Therapy G.M. Thomas, W.D. Rider, A.J. Dembo, B.J. Cummings, M. Gospodarowicz, N.V. Hawkins, J.G. Herman, and C.W. Keen G.M. ThomasG.M. Thomas More articles by this author , W.D. RiderW.D. Rider More articles by this author , A.J. DemboA.J. Dembo More articles by this author , B.J. CummingsB.J. Cummings More articles by this author , M. GospodarowiczM. Gospodarowicz More articles by this author , N.V. HawkinsN.V. Hawkins More articles by this author , J.G. HermanJ.G. Herman More articles by this author , and C.W. KeenC.W. Keen More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)51627-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Seminoma of the Testis: Results of Treatment and Patterns of Failure After Radiation Therapy." The Journal of Urology, 130(5), p. 1017 © 1983 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 130Issue 5November 1983Page: 1017 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1983 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information G.M. Thomas More articles by this author W.D. Rider More articles by this author A.J. Dembo More articles by this author B.J. Cummings More articles by this author M. Gospodarowicz More articles by this author N.V. Hawkins More articles by this author J.G. Herman More articles by this author C.W. Keen More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...