gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic Validation of Fourier-Ellipsometry Measurements of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (1990)

We describe a new technique for the measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and compare its results with histopathologic measurements in the same eyes. For these studies, two fixed monkey eyes were incised and placed on a pedestal in a plastic viewing dish. The eyes were perfused to maintain a pressure between 10 and 20 mm Hg. An ellipsometer, an optical device used to measure the change in polarization of light (retardation), was implemented in a laser tomographic scanner to obtain polarization data from the two monkey retinas. For the 15 measured locations, retardation ranged between a mean (+/- SD) of 0.9 degrees +/- 1.8 degrees and 23.7 degrees +/- 0.3 degrees. Subsequently, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured at the imaged points in epoxy resin-embedded sections by an observer masked to the ellipsometry data. These values ranged between 20.4 microns and 213.9 microns. There was an excellent correlation (R = .83) between retardation and the histopathologic measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Quantitating retinal nerve fiber layer thickness may enhance discrimination between glaucomatous and normal eyes earlier than is currently available by anatomic and functional approaches.
Supplementary Data from Pyrvinium Pamoate Induces Death of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem–Like Cells and Reduces Metastases through Effects on Lipid Anabolism (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The File contains legends relative to 14 supplementary figures&lt;/p&gt;
Multicenter prospective longitudinal study of magnetic resonance biomarkers in a large duchenne muscular dystrophy cohort (2016)

MR biomarkers are responsive to disease progression in 5- to 12.9-year-old boys with DMD and able to detect subclinical disease progression in DMD, even within short (3-6 months) time periods. The measured sensitivity of MR biomarkers in this multicenter study may be critically important to future clinical trials, allowing for smaller sample sizes and/or shorter study windows in this fatal rare disease.
A new polymorphic probe on chromosome 3p: LIB25-55(D3S602) (1991)

XLIB25-55(D3S602) is a 2.4 kb EcoRI fragment isolated from a Charon 21A human chromosome 3 library (1). Polymorphism: MspI digestion of genomic DNA and hybridization with the probe detects a two-allele polymorphism: 9.0 kb (MI) and 6.0 kb (M2). Frequency: Estimated from 30 unrelated Caucasians. M1 :0.33 M2:0.67 Frequency of heterozygosity: 0.44 Not Polymorphic For: BamHI, BgII, DraI, EcoRI, HindlI, HinfI, PvuI, RsaI and TaqI. Chromosomal Localization: Using a somatic cell hybrid panel (2) which was based on linkage groups anchored to physically localized markers, the probe was assigned to the short arm of chromosome 3 between 3p24-3p26. Mendelian Inheritance: Mendelian inheritance has been demonstrated in a two generation von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) family. Probe
Wallop: designing social software for co-located social networks (2004)

Technology is increasingly being incorporated into people's day-to-day social relationships, particularly for people whose friendships occupy the center of their social lives. In the following paper we discuss a co-located social group's tendency to integrate planning and re-experiencing around social events with tools for persistent conversations. Through a questionnaire study we found that emails and mailing lists were used as much as phone conversations to plan social activities, and that said usage was positively correlated with measures of friendship satisfaction, sense of community, and percentage of time spent socializing. In response to our observations, we designed a sharing and communication application, Wallop, to enrich the co-located social group's planning and sharing around social events. Wallop provides both communication and social awareness tools, enabling users to build conversations in the context of shared content and browse their implicit social networks. Initial responses to Wallop from a focus group and limited deployment to test users have been positive.
Clock distribution in general VLSI circuits (1994)

Minimization of clock skew in VLSI circuits to within a tolerable range is important for dependable operation of any digital system. Moreover, excessive delay through a clock distribution network can significantly degrade the performance of the digital system. Differences in path lengths and active elements of a clock distribution network are largely responsible for clock skew while excessive delay is a result of very long signal routes in the network. Improved integrated circuit processes are placing an increasing demand on current clock routing schemes through higher clock rates and larger die sizes. This paper proposes a clock routing scheme that primarily minimizes clock skew in a general VLSI circuit whose functional elements may be of various sizes and placements. A secondary objective is to reduce the overall network delay. The clock distribution network is generated based on the analysis of RC trees. In the networks so generated, the delay seen from the clock entry point of a circuit to all modules within the circuit is nearly identical. In constructing the clock distribution networks, the fan out of a buffer is accounted for and flexibility in placement of buffers is utilized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Damage Assessment in Japan and Potential Use of New Technologies in Damage Assessment (2021)

Abstract Right after an earthquake, it is quite important to evaluate the damage level of the buildings in the affected area. In Japan, a rapid inspection is conducted to evaluate the risk of collapse due to an aftershock. If any damage is detected, it is required to conduct damage classification, which takes time but categorizes its damage into five damage categories. Japan has a standard for both rapid inspection and damage classification. They are briefed in this chapter. Similar to the damage classification, the loss of the house and home contents for the earthquake insurance. The method for earthquake insurance is also introduced. Since they are based on visual inspection, it is quite difficult to investigate the damage of the high-rise buildings and buildings covered by finishing. Recently, many kinds of research are conducted to use sensors for automatic and realtime damage classification. A structural health monitoring method with accelerometers based on the capacity spectrum method, which is currently installed into more than 40 buildings, is also introduced.
Dissociation of rewarding, anti‐aversive and anti‐nociceptive effects of different classes of anti‐nociceptives in the rat (2010)

It was previously shown that morphine more potently reduces the affective as compared to the sensory component of nociception, and this effect is independent of morphine's rewarding properties. Here we investigated whether this finding can be generalized to other classes of anti-nociceptive drugs. The effect of oxycodone (0-10 mg/kg, i.p.), tramadol (0-10 mg/kg, i.p.), ibuprofen (0-300 mg/kg, i.p.) and pregabalin (0-31.6 mg/kg, i.p.) on negative affect and mechanical hypersensitivity accompanying carrageenan-induced (0.5% intraplantar) inflammatory nociception was assessed using conditioned place aversion (CPA) and Randall Selitto paw pressure test, respectively. The rewarding effect of these drugs was assessed using conditioned place preference (CPP). All four anti-nociceptive drugs dose-dependently reduced carrageenan-induced CPA and mechanical hypersensitivity. Furthermore all drugs induced CPP, except for ibuprofen. Similar to morphine, oxycodone and tramadol showed a large dissociation of anti-aversive versus anti-nociceptive potency, i.e. 10 times more potent against the affective versus the sensory component of nociception. Oxycodone and tramadol were 30 and 10 times more potent to produce CPP in animals under normal versus painful conditions. Ibuprofen and pregabalin also showed a dissociation of anti-aversive and anti-nociceptive potency, but less pronounced (i.e. three times more potent against the affective component). However, pregabalin showed no dissociation between rewarding potency under normal versus painful conditions. Taken together, these data suggest that the dissociation of rewarding potency in animals under normal versus painful conditions is limited to drugs with an opioid mechanism of action, while the dissociation of anti-aversive and anti-nociceptive potency applies to anti-nociceptive drugs with different mechanisms of action.
Identification and Induction of Cytochrome P450s Involved in the Metabolism of Flavone-8-Acetic Acid in Mice (2011)

The metabolism of flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) has been hypothesized to be partly responsible for its potent anticancer activity in mice. The purpose of this study was to identify the mouse enzymes involved in FAA Phase I metabolism and evaluate their possible induction in vivo by FAA. Mouse microsomes metabolized FAA into 6 metabolites: 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA, 5,6-epoxy-FAA, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA and 6-OH-FAA. Using Cyp-specific inhibitors (furafylline, Cyp1a2; α-naphthoflavone, Cyp1b1; tranylcypromine, Cyp2b9; quercetin, Cyp2c29; quinidine, 2d9; diethyldithiocarbamate, Cyp2e1; ketoconazole, Cyp3a11), the formation of 5,6-epoxy-FAA was mainly attributed to Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9, 2c29 and 2e1, whereas the 3',4'-epoxy-FAA was formed by Cyps 2b9 and 3a11. The 4'-OH-FAA was generated by Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9 and 2e1, and the 6-OH-FAA was formed by Cyps 1b1 and 2c9. Using the epoxide scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA and 6-OH-FAA were shown to derive partly from non enzymatic isomerisation of their corresponding epoxides. The specific epoxide hydrolase inhibitor elaidamide allowed the confirmation that 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA was formed via the epoxide hydrolase. FAA treatment in vivo in mice led to a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Cyp1a2 (1.9-fold), 2e1 (2.1-fold), 2b10 (3.2-fold), 2d9 (2.3-fold) and 3a11 (2.2-fold), as evaluated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, several Cyps were shown to be involved in FAA metabolism, particularly Cyps 3a11 and 2b9 which were responsible for the formation of the principal metabolites (5,6-epoxy-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA), and that FAA could induce the expression of several Cyps after in vivo administration. The possible implication of these enzymes in the in vivo anticancer activity of FAA in mice is discussed.
Control of Smart Actuators: A Viscosity Solutions Approach (2001)

Hysteresis in smart materials hinders their wider applicability in actuators.In this report we investigate control of smart actuators through the example of controlling a commercially available magnetostrictive actuator.At low frequencies, the magnetostriction can be related to the bulk magnetization through a square law, thus control of the magnetization amounts to control of the magnetostriction.The model we use is the low dimensional Jiles-Atherton model for ferromagnetic hysteresis, which is a hybrid system.For illustrative purpose, we consider an infinite horizon control problem.The approach we take features dynamic programming and Hamilton-Jacobi equations.In particular, we show that the value function of the control problem satisfies a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation (HJB) of some hybrid form in the viscosity sense.We further prove uniqueness of solutions to the (HJB), and provide a numerical scheme to approximate the solution together with a suboptimal controller synthesis method.
Satellite Attitude from a Raven Class Telescope (2010)

Abstract : Photometric signatures of satellites collected from small aperture optical systems have the potential of providing valuable satellite information including operational status and attitude. Low cost, small aperture systems provide the capability to be transportable and therefore used in a wide variety of deployment scenarios. This research describes the benefits of prior knowledge of the satellite under consideration including general size, shape and typical material properties. By constraining the problem to a discrete set of satellite attitudes, curve matching algorithms can then be used to compare the measured photometric signature against those in the forward modeled database. TASAT simulations were used to create a database of forward modeled photometric signatures. In this paper, we explore two curve matching techniques. The first method was Kendall's Tau which compares the shapes of two curves. The second method was the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) which measures the similarity of two curves that have been processed to remove their mean values. The key findings of this study are the generation of a database of signatures to which a measured signal can be compared to extract attitude information about the satellite during a specific pass.
Cysteine induces mitochondrial reductive stress in glioblastoma through hydrogen peroxide production (2021)

Summary Glucose and amino acid metabolism are critical for glioblastoma (GBM) growth, but little is known about the specific metabolic alterations in GBM that are targetable with FDA-approved compounds. To investigate tumor metabolism signatures unique to GBM, we interrogated The Cancer Genome Atlas for alterations in glucose and amino acid signatures in GBM relative to other human cancers and found that GBM exhibits the highest levels of cysteine and methionine pathway gene expression of 32 human cancers. Treatment of patient-derived GBM cells with the FDA-approved cysteine compound N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduce GBM cell growth and mitochondrial oxygen consumption, which was worsened by glucose starvation. Mechanistic experiments revealed that cysteine compounds induce rapid mitochondrial H 2 O 2 production and reductive stress in GBM cells, an effect blocked by oxidized glutathione, thioredoxin, and redox enzyme overexpression. These findings indicate that GBM is uniquely susceptible to NAC-driven reductive stress and could synergize with glucose-lowering treatments for GBM.
Recent advances in Stirling cycle refrigeration. (1995)

L'article traite particulierement du potentiel des refrigerateurs a isolement renforce par le vide, fonctionnant selon le cycle de Stirling. Les caracteristiques de performance conviennent particulierement a un fonctionnement direct photovoltaique, sans necessiter de batteries d'accumulation. On a effectue l'optimisation sur de petits refroidisseurs de Stirling, pour des gains inferieurs a 70 watts. L'analyse et les resultats des essais indiquent que des COP de 3 sont possibles, pour une temperature de refrigerateur au-dessous des conditions normales. On etudie l'amelioration reguliere du COP au cours des dernieres annees pour ce type d'appareil.
Practical Insights into the Impedance Response of Interdigitated Electrodes: Extraction of Relative Static Permittivity and Electrolytic Conductivity (2022)

Abstract This work aims to provide a detailed understanding of the challenges related to the computation of the relative static permittivity and electrolytic conductivity of a sample medium from its impedance response recorded with interdigitated electrode (IDE) geometries. Within the scope of the study, impedance data has been measured and evaluated for a total of nine sample media using two distinct IDE geometries. Particular emphasis is laid upon the compensation of parasitic influences affecting the impedance response. With the raw data supporting this study fully disclosed, the reader is offered the opportunity to comprehensively retrace the evaluation procedure proposed in the text.
Supplementary Fig S5 from Gemcitabine Mechanism of Action Confounds Early Assessment of Treatment Response by 3′-Deoxy-3′-[<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorothymidine in Preclinical Models of Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;200 mg/kg gemcitabine affect growth of A549 xenografts.&lt;/p&gt;
Microstructure Characterization of Gas‐Pressure‐Sintered β‐Silicon Nitride Containing Large β‐Silicon Nitride Seeds (1994)

Fine β‐Si 3 N 4 powders with or without the addition of 5 wt% of large β‐Si 3 N 4 particles (seeds) were gas‐pressure sintered at 1900°C for 4 h using Y 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 as sintering aids. The microstructures were examined on polished and plasmaetched surfaces. These materials had a microstructure of in situ composites with similar small matrix grains and different elongated grains. The elongated grains in the materials with seeds had a larger diameter and a smaller aspect ratio than those in the materials without seeds. A core/rim structure was observed in the elongated grains; the core was pure β‐Si 3 N 4 and the rim was β‐SiAION. These results show that the large β‐Si 3 N 4 particles acted as seeds for abnormal grain growth and the rim was formed by precipitation from the liquid containing aluminum.
Minimizing Ventricular Pacing to Reduce Atrial Fibrillation in Sinus-Node Disease (2007)

Dual-chamber minimal ventricular pacing, as compared with conventional dual-chamber pacing, prevents ventricular desynchronization and moderately reduces the risk of persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with sinus-node disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00284830 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Supplementary Data from Targeting Cancer Cells and Tumor Microenvironment in Preclinical and Clinical Models of Hodgkin Lymphoma Using the Dual PI3Kδ/γ Inhibitor RP6530 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. S1. Constitutive activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in Hodgkin lymphoma patients and cell lines. Supplementary Fig. 2. Profiling of RP6530 target genes and related enriched pathways. Supplementary Fig. S3. Relevant KEGG pathway in GSEA preranked analysis of RP6530- modulated genes. Supplementary Fig. S4. Relevant PID pathway in GSEA preranked analysis of RP6530- modulated genes. Supplementary Fig. S5. RP6530 inhibits tumor glycolysis and HIF1ð�›, pathways. Supplementary Fig. S6. Validation of PKM2 inhibition in HL cell lines treated with RP6530. Supplementary Fig. S7. RP6530 induced cell death in M1 and M2 stimulated macrophages. Supplementary Fig. S8. PKM2-dependent macrophage class switch. Supplementary Fig. 9. RP6530 modulates TAMs polarization in HL xenografts. Supplementary Fig. S10. RP6530 induces tumor vasculature disruption.&lt;/p&gt;
d-Mannose Treatment neither Affects Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Properties nor Induces Stable FimH Modifications (2020)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are mainly caused by uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC). Acute and recurrent UTIs are commonly treated with antibiotics, the efficacy of which is limited by the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains. The natural sugar d-mannose is considered as an alternative to antibiotics due to its ability to mask the bacterial adhesin FimH, thereby preventing its binding to urothelial cells. Despite its extensive use, the possibility that d-mannose exerts "antibiotic-like" activity by altering bacterial growth and metabolism or selecting FimH variants has not been investigated yet. To this aim, main bacterial features of the prototype UPEC strain CFT073 treated with d-mannose were analyzed by standard microbiological methods. FimH functionality was analyzed by yeast agglutination and human bladder cell adhesion assays. Our results indicate that high d-mannose concentrations have no effect on bacterial growth and do not interfere with the activity of different antibiotics. d-mannose ranked as the least preferred carbon source to support bacterial metabolism and growth, in comparison with d-glucose, d-fructose, and l-arabinose. Since small glucose amounts are physiologically detectable in urine, we can conclude that the presence of d-mannose is irrelevant for bacterial metabolism. Moreover, d-mannose removal after long-term exposure did not alter FimH's capacity to bind to mannosylated proteins. Overall, our data indicate that d-mannose is a good alternative in the prevention and treatment of UPEC-related UTIs.
Catalizador de hidrocraqueo conteniendo un material sólido cristalino microporoso y uso de dicho catalizador para el hidrocraqueo de alimentación de hidrocarburos (2005)

Referencia OEPM: P200201753.-- Fecha de solicitud: 16/07/2002.-- Titulares: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
Tuning the Position of the Redox Couples in Materials with NASICON Structure by Anionic Substitution (1998)

Previous studies on insertion of lithium into rhombohedral forms of and have determined the position of the redox couple to be at 3.6 and 2.8 eV, respectively, below the Fermi level of lithium. Lithium insertion into rhombohedral with NASICON framework exposes the redox couple at 3.3–3.4 eV below the Fermi energy of lithium. Unlike , the insertion of lithium into the structure of is accomplished as a single‐phase solid solution, which makes it attractive as an electrode material for rechargeable lithium batteries.
Wiretap Channel with Causal State Information (2010)

A lower bound on the secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel with state information available causally at both the encoder and decoder is established. The lower bound is shown to be strictly larger than that for the noncausal case by Liu and Chen. Achievability is proved using block Markov coding, Shannon strategy, and key generation from common state information. The state sequence available at the end of each block is used to generate a key, which is used to enhance the transmission rate of the confidential message in the following block. An upper bound on the secrecy capacity when the state is available noncausally at the encoder and decoder is established and is shown to coincide with the lower bound for several classes of wiretap channels with state.
Surface Features of Recombinant Spider Silk Protein eADF4(κ16)‐Made Materials are Well‐Suited for Cardiac Tissue Engineering (2017)

Cardiovascular diseases causing high morbidity and mortality represent a major socioeconomic burden. The primary cause of impaired heart function is often the loss of cardiomyocytes. Thus, novel therapies aim at restoring the lost myocardial tissue. One promising approach is cardiac tissue engineering. Previously, it is shown that Antheraea mylitta silk protein fibroin is a suitable material for cardiac tissue engineering, however, its quality is difficult to control. To overcome this limitation, the interaction of primary rat heart cells with engineered Araneus diadematus fibroin 4 (κ16) (eADF4(κ16)) is investigated here, which is engineered based on the sequence of ADF4 by replacing the glutamic acid residue in the repetitive unit of its core domain with lysine. The data demonstrate that cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells attach well to eADF4(κ16) films on glass coverslips which provide an engineered surface with a polycationic character. Moreover, eADF4(κ16) films have, in contrast to fibronectin films, no hypertrophic effect but allow the induction of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Finally, cardiomyocytes grown on eADF4(κ16) films respond to pro‐proliferative factors and exhibit proper cell‐to‐cell communication and electric coupling. Collectively, these data demonstrate that designed recombinant eADF4(κ16)‐based materials are promising materials for cardiac tissue engineering.
Interaction of rat alveolar macrophages with dental composite dust (2016)

Alveolar macrophages are able to phagocytize respirable composite dust particle inclusive nanoparticles. Since NR8383 cells tolerate a comparatively high cell burden (60 pg/cell) of each of the five materials with minimal signs of cytotoxicity or inflammation, the toxic potential of respirable composite dust seems to be low. These results are reassuring for dental personnel, but more research is needed to characterize the actual exposure and uptake especially of the pure nano fraction.