gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Braid: Weaving Symbolic and Neural Knowledge into Coherent Logical Explanations (2022)

Traditional symbolic reasoning engines, while attractive for their precision and explicability, have a few major drawbacks: the use of brittle inference procedures that rely on exact matching (unification) of logical terms, an inability to deal with uncertainty, and the need for a precompiled rule-base of knowledge (the “knowledge acquisition” problem). To address these issues, we devise a novel logical reasoner called Braid, that supports probabilistic rules, and uses the notion of custom unification functions and dynamic rule generation to overcome the brittle matching and knowledge-gap problem prevalent in traditional reasoners. In this paper, we describe the reasoning algorithms used in Braid, and their implementation in a distributed task-based framework that builds proof/explanation graphs for an input query. We use a simple QA example from a children’s story to motivate Braid’s design and explain how the various components work together to produce a coherent logical explanation. Finally, we evaluate Braid on the ROC Story Cloze test and achieve close to state-of-the-art results while providing frame-based explanations.
Recommendations for fertility preservation in patients with lymphoma, leukemia, and breast cancer (2012)

Fertility issues should be addressed to all patients in reproductive age before cancer treatment. In men, cryopreservation of sperm should be offered to all cancer patients in reproductive age regardless of the risk of gonadal failure. In women, the recommendation of fertility preservation should be individualized based on multiple factors such as the urgency of treatment, the age of the patient, the marital status, the regimen and dosage of cancer treatment.
ASM Journals Eliminate Impact Factor Information from Journal Websites (2016)

Author(s): Casadevall, Arturo; Bertuzzi, Stefano; Buchmeier, Michael J; Davis, Roger J; Drake, Harold; Fang, Ferric C; Gilbert, Jack; Goldman, Barbara M; Imperiale, Michael J; Matsumura, Philip; McAdam, Alexander J; Pasetti, Marcela F; Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne M; Silhavy, Thomas; Rice, Louis; Young, Jo-Anne H; Shenk, Thomas
Group Touch: Distinguishing Tabletop Users in Group Settings Via Statistical Modeling of Touch Pairs (2017)

We present Group Touch, a method for distinguishing among multiple users simultaneously interacting with a tabletop computer using only the touch information supplied by the device. Rather than tracking individual users for the duration of an activity, Group Touch distinguishes users from each other by modeling whether an interaction with the tabletop corresponds to either: (1) a new user, or (2) a change in users currently interacting with the tabletop. This reframing of the challenge as distinguishing users rather than tracking and identifying them allows Group Touch to support multi-user collaboration in real-world settings without custom instrumentation. Specifically, Group Touch examines pairs of touches and uses the difference in orientation, distance, and time between two touches to determine whether the same person performed both touches in the pair. Validated with field data from high-school students in a classroom setting, Group Touch distinguishes among users “in the wild” with a mean accuracy of 92.92% (SD=3.94%). Group Touch can imbue collaborative touch applications in real-world settings with the ability to distinguish among multiple users.
3-D-Stacked 16-Mpixel Global Shutter CMOS Image Sensor Using Reliable In-Pixel Four Million Microbump Interconnections With 7.6-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Pitch (2015)

We have developed a 3-D-stacked 16-Mpixel, 3.8- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pitch, and global shutter (GS) CMOS image sensor with a 2-Mpixel 10 000-frames/s high-speed image-capturing mode, with four million reliable microbump interconnections. This sensor consists of a photodiode (PD) substrate and an in-pixel storage node substrate. The four PDs in the unit pixel circuit on the top substrate share one microbump interconnection in 7.6- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pitch. Each signal of the PDs is transferred to the corresponding storage node on the bottom substrate via the interconnection to achieve a GS function. The ratio of the parasitic light sensitivity of an in-pixel storage node and the light sensitivity of a PD is −180 dB, which is the best record for a CMOS image sensor with 3.8- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pixels. The image sensor was fabricated with a wafer-on-wafer bonding process technology. We confirmed that the bonding process did not harm the pixel or the MOS transistor characteristics and required no extra area, which means no restrictions on the layout design of microbumps or circuits. No reliability problems were observed in either a heat cycle test or a high temperature and high humidity test.
Medical Monitoring Applications for Wearable Computing (2004)

Medical monitors have benefited from technological advances in the field of wireless communication, processing and power sources. These advances have made possible miniaturization and prolonged operating times of medical monitors, as well as their global integration into telemedical systems. This allows patients to have real-time feedback about medical conditions while going about their normal daily activities. System designers are facing specific issues related to monitor acceptability, application requirements, power consumption and system connectivity. In this paper we discuss system design issues, present a survey of existing systems and sensors, and introduce two taxonomies of medical monitoring applications for wearable computing.
Prof. Dr. Juan de Dios Guevara (2000)

Es muy difícil, tal vez casi imposible, hablar cuando son los sollozos, y no las palabras, los que afloran a nuestra garganta, y cuando los ojos nublados por las lágrimas, nos impiden leer lo que escribimos, al no tener la valentía de improvisar en una circunstancia como esta. Es muy difícil también hablar en representación de las instituciones a las que más quiso el Maestro, a quien venimos a acompañar a su morada definitiva. Hablo, primero, en representación de nuestro común plantel, el Primer Colegio Nacional de la República "Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe", a cuya valiosísima Promoción G-30 perteneció Don Juan de Dios. Represento también a la Academia Peruana de Farmacia, fundada en 1952 por nuestro Maestro. Y hablo, especialmente, en nombre de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, su Facultad de Fanllacia y Bioquímica y de la Sociedad Química del Perú que fueron las instituciones a las que el Dr. Guevara consagró gran parte de su vida y a las que hizo progresar con su talento, con su inteligencia, su capacidad de trabajo y por el amor que puso en toda su obra. Y hablar en nombre de todas esas organizaciones, solamente nos impulsa a agradecerle y a renovarle las seguridades que, mientras podamos, no dejaremos que sus realizaciones se pierdan o que sus instituciones dejen de avanzar. El mejor compromiso y homenaje que podemos hacer al Maestro, es esta, nuestra firme decisión, de hacer todo lo que esté a nuestro alcance para que sus organizaciones sean cada día mejores.
Access to Fused Pyrroles from Cyclic 1,3-Dienyl Boronic Esters and Arylnitroso Compounds (2020)

Complimentary to classical hydroboration and boron-Wittig reactions, a new, efficient access to cyclic 1,3-dienyl boronic esters has been developed <i>via</i> diene or triene metathesis. Subsequently, fused pyrroles were synthesized with a broad substrate scope from the reaction of cyclic 1,3-dienyl boronic esters with arylnitroso compounds using a one-pot hetero-Diels-Alder/ring contraction sequence.
Carbon-carbon composites for orthopedic prosthesis and implants. CRADA final report (1998)

The prosthetic implant market is extensive. For example, because of arthritic degeneration of hip and knee cartilage and osteoporotic fractures of the hip, over 200,000 total joint replacements (TJRs) are performed in the United States each year. Current TJR devices are typically metallic (stainless steel, cobalt, or titanium alloy) and are fixed in the bone with polymethylacrylate (PMMA) cement. Carbon-carbon composite materials offer several distinct advantages over metals for TJR prosthesis. Their mechanical properties can be tailored to match more closely the mechanical properties of human bone, and the composite may have up to 25% porosity, the size and distribution of which may be controlled through processing. The porous nature of carbon-carbon composites will allow for the ingrowth of bone, achieving biological fixation, and eliminating the need for PMMA cement fixation.
High-Titer Neutralizing Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Induced by Alhydroxyquim-II-Adjuvanted Trimeric Spike Antigens (2022)

Global control of COVID-19 will require the deployment of vaccines capable of inducing long-term protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this report, we describe an adjuvanted subunit candidate vaccine that affords elevated, sustained, and cross-variant SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in multiple animal models. Alhydroxiquim-II is a Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 7/8 small-molecule agonist chemisorbed on aluminum hydroxide (Alhydrogel). Vaccination with Alhydroxiquim-II combined with a stabilized, trimeric form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (termed CoVac-II) resulted in high-titer NAbs in mice, with no decay in responses over an 8-month period. NAbs from sera of CoVac-II-immunized mice, horses and rabbits were broadly neutralizing against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Boosting long-term CoVac-II-immunized mice with adjuvanted spike protein from the Beta variant markedly increased levels of NAb titers against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants; notably, high titers against the Delta variant were observed. These data strongly support the clinical assessment of Alhydroxiquim-II-adjuvanted spike proteins to protect against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> There is an urgent need for next-generation COVID-19 vaccines that are safe, demonstrate high protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants and can be manufactured at scale. We describe a vaccine candidate (CoVac-II) that is based on stabilized, trimeric spike antigen produced in an optimized, scalable and chemically defined production process. CoVac-II demonstrates strong and persistent immunity after vaccination of mice, and is highly immunogenic in multiple animal models, including rabbits and horses. We further show that prior immunity can be boosted using a recombinant spike antigen from the Beta variant; importantly, plasma from boosted mice effectively neutralize multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants <i>in vitro</i>, including Delta. The strong humoral and Th1-biased immunogenicity of CoVac-II is driven by use of Alhydroxiquim-II (AHQ-II), the first adjuvant in an authorized vaccine that acts through the dual Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR8 pathways, as part of the Covaxin vaccine. Our data suggest AHQ-II/spike protein combinations could constitute safe, affordable, and mass-manufacturable COVID-19 vaccines for global distribution.
Control of bioclast abundance on natural joint density in carbonate rocks: data from Oman, Provence and Languedoc (France) (2002)

Joint density in sedimentary rocks is highly dependent on many factors such as tectonic stress, fluid pressure, interbedded layers and bed thickness. Data from Cretaceous carbonate rocks in Oman, Provence and Languedoc (France) show that bed thickness has a general control on joint density in all areas but other parameters also influence joint density. In order to understand the influence of textural parameters on volume joint density, all joint sets were measured in several beds. Data show that joint density decreases when the percentage of figured grains increases in Oman and Provence but that this relationship is more complex in Languedoc. The major textural parameter controlling joint density is the percentage of bioclasts: joint density decreases with an increase of the percentage of bioclasts in the three sectors.
Single-Molecule Observation of Rotation of F1-ATPase Through Microbeads (2007)

F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP using proton-motive force across a membrane. When isolated, the F1 sector, composed of five polypeptide chains with a stoichiometry of alpha(3)beta(3)gammadeltaepsilon, solely hydrolyzes ATP into ADP and phosphate, and is thus called F(1)-ATPase. Rotation of a shaft domain in F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase has been hypothesized by Paul Boyer, and ultimately was confirmed by direct observation as rotation of the gamma-subunit in an isolated alpha(3)beta(3)gamma subcomplex. Unitary turnover of ATP induces 120 degrees steps, consistent with the configuration of three catalytic sites arranged 120 degrees apart around gamma. We have shown the relationships between chemical and mechanical events by imaging individual F(1) molecules under an optical microscope. A new scheme emerges: as soon as a catalytic site binds ATP, the gamma-subunit always turns the same face (interaction surface) to the beta hosting that site; approximately 80 degrees rotation is driven by ATP binding; approximately 40 degrees rotation is induced by completion of hydrolysis [and/or phosphate release] in the site that bound ATP one step earlier.
Systems biology Simulation of dynamic network states (2011)

Biophysical models have been used in biology for decades, but they have been limited in scope and size. In this book, Bernhard O. Palsson shows how network reconstructions that are based on genomic and bibliomic data, and take the form of established stoichiometric matrices, can be converted into dynamic models using metabolomic and fluxomic data. The Mass Action Stoichiometric Simulation (MASS) procedure can be used for any cellular process for which data is available and allows a scalable step-by-step approach to the practical construction of network models. Specifically, it can treat integrated processes that need explicit accounting of small molecules and protein, which allows simulation at the molecular level. The material has been class-tested by the author at both the undergraduate and graduate level. All computations in the text are available online in MATLAB® and Mathematica® workbooks, allowing hands-on practice with the material.
ChemInform Abstract: DESIGN AND STUDY OF A PHOTOSENSITIVE INTERFACE‐ A DERIVATIZED N‐TYPE SILICON PHOTOELECTRODE (1978)

Abstract Der kovalente Angriff eines photoelektrochemisch aktiven Ferrocen‐Derivats, nämlich 1 ,1′‐Ferrocendiyl‐dichlorsilan, auf die Oberfläche der n‐Typ‐Si‐Photoelektrode, der die Elektrode vor Zersetzung (SiO 2 ‐Bildung) schützt, wird mittels cyclischer Voltammetrie untersucht und diskutiert.
T Cells Demonstrate Enhanced Specificity for CD19+ Malignancies When Stimulated with IL-21. (2008)

Abstract T cells genetically modified to express CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are being evaluated in early-phase clinical trials in patients with B-lineage malignancies. Therapeutic success is predicted by ability of infused CAR+ T cells to both persist and kill in an antigen-dependent fashion. The first of these dual goals can be achieved by altering the CAR molecule to provide T-cell survival signals through a chimeric CD28 endodomain (designated CD19RCD28). We now report that altering the culturing microenvironment with IL-21 improves antigen-dependent cytolysis of T cells when propagated on CD19+ artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC) derived from K562. To test whether IL-21 acts in conjunction with CD28 signaling to support acquisition of redirected effector functions we electro-transferred quiescent T cells from peripheral blood with Sleeping Beauty system DNA plasmids to introduce CD19RCD28 CAR transposon. Selective outgrowth of CAR+ T cells was achieved on CD19+ aAPC that provide co-stimulation with the addition of exogenous IL-2 and/or IL-21. When IL-21 was present there was preferential numeric expansion of CD19-specific CD8+ T cells which lysed and produced IFN-g in response to CD19 (Figure). Furthermore, the CD8+CAR+ T cells displayed a central memory (CM) cell surface phenotype characterized as CD62L+ and CD28+. In contrast, genetically modified T cells propagated with exogenous IL-2 resulted in predominately CD19-specific CM CD4+ T cells. Thus, cytokines can be used to tailor the CD8/CD4 ratio of CAR+ T cells derived from peripheral blood. These data demonstrate that the dual goals of persistence and lysis can be achieved by altering CAR and the cytokine milieu and have implications for infusing CAR+ T cells in next-generation immunotherapy trials. Figure Figure
Improved Hardware and Software for Quick Gas Chromatography−Olfactometry Using CHARM and GC-“SNIF” Analysis (2002)

A multisniffing system has been developed to allow three panelists to simultaneously participate in a GC-olfactometric analysis. This device, associated with a computerized data treatment, allows shortening CHARM and GC-"SNIF' analyses to less than 1 week and less than 1 day, respectively. The program was developed as an extension of an existing commercial chromatography data system, as usual GC processing functions are suited to the treatment of olfactograms (plots of odor response versus GC elution time). Because of the improved algorithm, the consequences of gaps in coincident responses were minimized, and the systematic use of a panel improved the repeatability of CHARM olfactograms. Comparing both methods, GC-SNIF repeatability appears to be higher than that of CHARM, as the former method uses a larger panel, but in a shorter lapse of time.
On the typology of negative position in phasal quantifiers (1994)

L'article analyse les positions relatives des adverbes et des negations dans des combinaisons du style no longer et not yet dans les langues d'Europe. L'A. en tire plusieurs conclusions comme par exemple les regles de placement en deux clusters identiques a toute ces langues (ce que l'A. appelle l'harmonie categorielle), ou encore l'ordre Neg-Adv adopte par les langues VSO alors que les langues SOV preferent Adv-Neg. Le cas de l'allemand est analyse en particulier
Synthesis, Characterization and lithium Intercalation behavior of electrodeposited V2O5 (1998)

Abstract Vanadium pentoxide deposits have been prepared by electrochemical oxidation of vanadyl ions in aqueous solution. They were characterized with the use of a combination of techniques including: X-ray diffraction, TGA, SEM, chemical titration… They exhibit a 2D structure similar to that of V2O5 gels and contain the same number of exchangeable protons and water molecules per formula unit. However clear differences are also observed, mainly related to the V4+ content, the interlayer distance and their evolution with thermal treatments. The electrochemical behavior of as prepared and heat treated electrodeposited materials was investigated with respect to lithium intercalation. A thermal treatment at T>140°C induces an irreversible decrease of the V4+ content and leads to a higher specific capacity. Key Words: Vanadium pentoxideelectrodepositionphysico-chemical characterizationelectrochemical Li intercalation.
Chiral Aromatase and Dual Aromatase−Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors from the Letrozole Template: Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and In Vitro Activity (2008)

To explore aromatase inhibition and to broaden the structural diversity of dual aromatase-sulfatase inhibitors (DASIs), we introduced the steroid sulfatase (STS) inhibitory pharmacophore to letrozole. Letrozole derivatives were prepared bearing bis-sulfamates or mono-sulfamates with or without adjacent substituents. The most potent of the achiral and racemic aromatase inhibitor was 40 (IC 50 = 3.0 nM). Its phenolic precursor 39 was separated by chiral HPLC, and the absolute configuration of each enantiomer was determined using vibrational and electronic circular dichroism in tandem with calculations of the predicted spectra. Of the two enantiomers, ( R)-phenol ( 39a) was the most potent aromatase inhibitor (IC 50 = 0.6 nM, comparable to letrozole), whereas the ( S)-sulfamate, ( 40b) inhibited STS most potently (IC 50 = 553 nM). These results suggest that a new structural class of DASI for potential treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer has been identified, and this is the first report of STS inhibition by an enantiopure nonsteroidal compound.
VENDING SANITATION AND SAFETY-A CURRENT REPORT1 (1969)

While the automatic vending of food and beverages—and non-food merchandise—has been a part of The American scene since the late 1880's, problems of public health and safety did not enter the picture until the end of World War II when the first hot beverage vending machine went on location. In 1947, the vending industry and health officials first came together to discuss the development of uniform national standards for vending machines and vending operators. In 1957, after necessary research and preparation, The Public Health Service published The Vending of Food and Beverages—A Recommended Ordinance and Code. In the same year, the industry launched a full-time public health and safety program, guided by a nationally-constituted Health-Industry Council. The progress in sanitation and safety made as a result of cooperative industry and agency efforts over the past 12 years is discussed in terms of vending legislation, internal and external training, machine standardization and testing, and research. Concluding, a review of current problems in such matters as microwave safety, copper poisoning safeguards, temperature controls, icemaker design, and commissary layout is made, together with a “crystal ball” look at the future.
Acoustic Modelling of Drum Sounds with Hidden Markov Models for Music Transcription (2006)

This paper describes two methods for applying hidden Markov models (HMMs) to acoustic modelling of drum sound events for polyphonic music transcription. The proposed methods are instrument-wise binary modelling and modelling of instrument combinations. In the first, each target instrument is modelled with a "sound" model and all target instruments share a "silence" model. Each instrument is transcribed independently from the others. In the latter method, different instrument combinations are modelled, and an additional "silence" model is created. The proposed methods are evaluated with simulations with acoustic data, and compared with two reference methods. Simulations show that combination modelling performs better than instrument-wise modelling
Robust H/sup ∞/ output feedback control for bilinear systems (2002)

Presents a solution to the robust H/sub /spl infin// output feedback control problem for bilinear systems over a finite time interval. The solution is obtained through the use of the information state method. The authors discuss the relation of the information state controller with the certainty equivalence controller under smoothness and uniqueness assumptions. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate implementation issues of the information state feedback controller.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Source localization in reverberant environments: performance bounds and ML estimation (2001)

The main obstacle for designing robust microphone-based source localization systems is the effects of room reverberation. Based on well known results from statistical room acoustics, we present an analysis of the problem of localizing acoustical sources in the presence of room reverberation. In this context we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound and also relevant ML estimators.