gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of viewing angle dependence of bottom-emitting green organic light-emitting diodes with a strong microcavity effect (2020)

The current efficiency and color purity of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) can be easily improved by means of a microcavity structure, but this improvement is typically accompanied by a deterioration in the characteristics of viewing angle. To minimize the angular dependence of the color characteristics exhibited by these strong microcavity devices, we investigated the changes in the optical properties of the green OLED with a bottom resonant structure. This investigation was based on varying the hole transport layer and semitransparent anode thicknesses. The results of optical simulations revealed that the current efficiency and viewing angle characteristics can be simultaneously improved by adjusting the thickness of the two layers. Furthermore, optical simulations predicted that the angular color dependence could be limited to 0.019 in the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 1976 coordinate system. This optimum condition yielded a current efficiency of ∼134 cd/A. To further reduce this color shift, a nanosized island array (NIA) was introduced through the dewetting process of cesium chloride. By employing NIAs, the color coordinate shift value was reduced to 0.016 in the CIE 1976 coordinate system, and a current efficiency of 130.7 cd/A was achieved.
An Energy Efficient Topology Control Algorithm using Additional Transmission Range Considering the Node Status in a Mobile Wireless Sensor Network (2012)

Topology control increases channel efficiency by controlling transmission power of a node, and as a result, network lifetime and throughput are increased. However, reducing transmission range causes a network connectivity problem, especially in mobile networks. When a network loses connectivity, the network topology should be re-configured. However, topology re-configuration consumes lots of energy because every node need to collect neighbor information. As a result, network lifetime may decrease, even though topology control is being used to prolong the network lifetime. Therefore, network connectivity time needs to be increased to expend network lifetime in mobile networks. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive-Redundant Transmission Range (A-RTR) algorithm to address this need. A-RTR uses a redundant transmission range considering a node status and flexibly changes a node's transmission range after a topology control is performed.
Introducing a dynamic problem solving scheme based on a learning algorithm in artificial life environments (2002)

A new dynamic problem solving scheme is introduced and the learning algorithm behind it is explained. To devise and test this new method a prototype artificial life program has been implemented and used to test different aspects of the method and compare it with similar problem solving schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evolution of highly efficient rare-earth free Cs(1−x)RbxVO3phosphors as a single emitting component for NUV-based white LEDs (2018)

A WLED with high luminous efficacy is fabricated using rare-earth free CsVO<sub>3</sub>:0.25Rb as a single emitting compound for solid-state lighting applications.
Functional plasticity of cortical representations of the hand (1996)

In this brief review, we summarize some of the main features of the representations of hand movements and of the skin of the hand defined in the primary motor cortex (area 4) and in the principal fields of the anterior parietal somatosensory strip (“S1” areas 3a, 3b, 1 and 2). We shall then describe how representations of the hand are remodeled in detail in a monkey performing a simple small-object retrieval task that stereotypically engages specific skin surfaces and involves specific hand movements. Some of the implications of this cortical representational plasticity for understanding a) the nature, and b) the variability of representations of skin afferents, kinesthetic afferents, and movements of the hand in different individual primates and in different primate species will then be briefly discussed.
Differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreas cancer: utility of anti-amylase and anti-carbonic anhydrase II autoantibodies (2011)

The presence of serum CA-II and AMY-α Abs with increased IgG4 is useful in the differential diagnosis of AIP from pancreatic cancer.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Induces Early Osteoblast Gene Expression in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2005)

Human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiate into an osteogenic lineage if the appropriate differentiative cues, such as dexamethasone or bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), are present. This study was undertaken to determine the role of insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI) in the regulation of early osteoblast differentiation in hMSC. Previous studies have shown that IGF-I, regulates bone formation and remodeling by participating in the differentiation of mature cells of osteoblast lineage. We hypothesized that IGF-I exerted its effects early, but the effects were too subtle to be detected. Therefore, engineered hMSCs to produce IGF-I via adenoviral transfection and used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to assess marker gene expression. Here we show that IGF-I up-regulates Type I collagen, Runx2, and alkaline phosphatase (Alp) gene expression in hMSCs, genes indicative of early osteogenic differentiation. We also observed mineral deposition in the absence of dexamethasone (Dex) in hMSC cultures treated with recombinant human BMP-2 after transduction with Ad-IGF-I. In conclusion Igf-I transduction up-regulated markers of osteoblastic differentiation and in conjunction with recombinant BMP-2-induced matrix mineralization independently of Dex (see Salasznyk et al., Stem Cells Dev 14(6):608-620, 2005, this issue).
Abstract TP116: Effect of Voluntary Physical Activity on Circulating LG3 and Its Impact on Ischemic Stroke (2020)

Physical activity (PA) is neuroprotective. However, the mechanism for the benefit of PA prior to ischemic stroke is not well understood. Circulating LG3 levels, a 25-kDa protein fragment of brain extracellular matrix proteoglycan (perlecan), increases with PA in humans. We showed that LG3 significantly reduces infarct volume following ischemic stroke. The aim of this study is to assess whether LG3 concentration increases with voluntary physical activity in mice and to determine how circulating LG3 concentration, prior to ischemic stroke, influences outcomes. Male mice (C57BL/6J, 8-9 weeks old, 21–24 g) were randomized into sedentary control group (individually housed in motorized running wheel cages with applied brakes) and an exercise group with access to running wheels. Blood draws were collected via submental method on day 1, 7, 14 and 20 of wheel activity prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), to evaluate LG3 concentration in serum. Following three weeks of voluntary PA or sedentary condition, 25 mice (sedentary n=13, exercise n=12) underwent transient distal MCAO for 60 min and were recovered for three days. In another study, 29 mice (sedentary n=15, exercise n=14) underwent transient proximal MCAO for 60 min. Calf muscles (soleus and gastrocnemius) and brain samples were collected for histology, protein analysis, and infarct volume assessment. We show that voluntary PA significantly reduces ischemic lesion volume compared to sedentary controls, following distal MCAO (15.2±8 vs 5.3±2 mm 3 ; P&lt;0.0001, Figure 1). The analysis of LG3 concentration, neurofunction, as well as brain and muscle samples are currently ongoing. We expect that the findings will link LG3 concentration to the volume of exercise as well as the neuroprotection it confers in the setting of ischemic stroke.
Biodegradable Cationic Polymer Blends for Fabrication of Enhanced Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells to Treat Melanoma (2021)

Biomimetic biomaterials are being actively explored in the context of cancer immunotherapy because of their ability to directly engage the immune system to generate antitumor responses. Unlike cellular therapies, biomaterial-based immunotherapies can be precisely engineered to exhibit defined characteristics including biodegradability, physical size, and tuned surface presentation of immunomodulatory signals. In particular, modulating the interface between the biomaterial surface and the target biological cell is key to enabling biological functions. Synthetic artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) are promising as a cancer immunotherapy but are limited in clinical translation by the requirement of <i>ex vivo</i> cell manipulation and adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. To move toward acellular aAPC technology for <i>in vivo</i> use, we combine poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and cationic poly(beta-amino-ester) (PBAE) to form a biodegradable blend based on the hypothesis that therapeutic aAPCs fabricated from a cationic blend may have improved functions. PLGA/PBAE aAPCs demonstrate enhanced surface interactions with antigen-specific CD8+ T cells that increase T cell activation and expansion <i>ex vivo</i>, associated with significantly increased conjugation efficiency of T cell stimulatory signals to the aAPCs. Critically, these PLGA/PBAE aAPCs also expand antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells <i>in vivo</i> without the need of adoptive transfer<i>.</i> Treatment with PLGA/PBAE aAPCs in combination with checkpoint therapy decreases tumor growth and extends survival in a B16-F10 melanoma mouse model. These results demonstrate the potential of PLGA/PBAE aAPCs as a biocompatible, directly injectable acellular therapy for cancer immunotherapy.
The Parable of the Benevolent Father and Son (2016)

A discussion is presented on the Parable of the Prodigal Son, including the departure of the young man into a faraway land, his return, and the welcome he received from his father. To better understand the cultural significance of this story, a Middle Eastern scholar (Kenneth Bailey) is referenced. The prodigal son breaks his father’s heart when he leaves home, but at the same time his older brother fails in his duty to his family. The father in the parable represents Christ, who is seen to take upon himself the shame of his returning boy and later of his older brother. The reinstatement of the prodigal son is confirmed by the actions of the father, who embraces him, dresses him in a robe, puts shoes on his feet, has a ring placed on his finger, brings him into his house, and kills the fatted calf for him. These actions have deep gospel and cultural significance. The older son’s failure to come into the feast for his brother is a public insult to his father, and his words to his father in the courtyard are a second public insult. The Parable of the Prodigal Son is shown to be similar to other stories from the scriptures, including Jesus’s meal with Simon the Pharisee (Luke 7:36–43), the Parable of the Man and His Great Supper (Luke 14:16–24), the Parable of the King and His Son’s Wedding (Matthew 22:2–14), and Lehi’s dream in 1 Nephi 8. Consistent elements across these stories include a feast/meal, a male authority figure who initiates or invites others to the feast, well-to-do guests who refuse the invitation, their criticism of the host of the feast and their fellowman, an application of grace, and the presence of the less favored individuals at the feast at the end of the stories. It is shown that the prodigal son represents the publicans and sinners of Jesus’s day, while the older son represents the scribes and Pharisees. Emphasis is placed on the remarkable countercultural and benevolent role played by the father/ patriarch in these stories.
Extraction des produits de fission et actinides mineurs par les monoamides: approche expérimentale et modélisation (2016)

National audience
Erratum: “Characterization of two molluscan crystal‐modulating biomineralization proteins and identification of putative mineral binding domains”, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 522–533 (2003) (2004)

We wish to alert the reader to errors that were inadvertantly published in our recent article. First, in the Abstract, we incorrectly state that our CD experiments included Ca (II) ion titrations of AP7-1 and AP24-1 synthetic polypeptides; these Ca (II) titrations were withheld from the final draft of the paper and are not included in the published report, but will appear elsewhere. Secondly, in our AP7-1 and AP24-1 calcite overgrowth experiments, we incorrectly reported the concentrations utilized in our study under the Materials and Methods section subheading, “Crystal Growth Analysis.” The correct concentrations utilized for AP7-1, AP24-1 should read as 1.65 × 10−6, 5.0 × 10−6, 2.5 × 10−5, 1.65 × 10−4, and 8.5 × 10−4 M in that section. Similarly, under the same subheading, the correct concentrations for Poly-L-Asp and Poly-L-Glu polypeptide controls should read as 5 × 10−5, 2.5 × 10−4, 7.5 × 10−4, 1.5 × 10−3, and 2.3 × 10−3 M. Finally, in the legend to Figure 6, the concentrations presented for each polypeptide are incorrect; the correct figure legend is presented below. FIGURE 6: Scanning electron micrographs of calcium carbonate overgrowth on the {104} cleavage plane of geological calcite in the presence of (A) no peptide added (negative control), (B) poly-L-Asp, 7.5 × 10−4 M, (C) poly-L-Glu, 7.5 × 10−4 M, (D) AP7-1 synthetic polypeptide, 5.0 × 10−6 M, (E) AP24-1 synthetic polypeptide, 5.0 × 10−6 M. Magnification = 5000×, scale bars = 10 μm.
Visualization-Assisted Development of Deep Learning Models in Offline Handwriting Recognition (2018)

Deep learning is a field of machine learning that has been the focus of active research and successful applications in recent years. Offline handwriting recognition is one of the research fields and applications were deep neural networks have shown high accuracy. Deep learning models and their training pipeline show a large amount of hyper-parameters in their data selection, transformation, network topology and training process that are sometimes interdependent. This increases the overall difficulty and time necessary for building and training a model for a specific data set and task at hand. This work proposes a novel visualization-assisted workflow that guides the model developer through the hyper-parameter search in order to identify relevant parameters and modify them in a meaningful way. This decreases the overall time necessary for building and training a model. The contributions of this work are a workflow for hyper-parameter search in offline handwriting recognition and a heat map based visualization technique for deep neural networks in multi-line offline handwriting recognition. This work applies to offline handwriting recognition, but the general workflow can possibly be adapted to other tasks as well.
Nonlinear effects in coherently coupled laser resonators (2014)

A procedure is described to accurately measure the self phase-tuning in a coupled fiber laser. A fiber is designed and fabricated to eliminate the effects of self-tuning from wavelength shifting, thermal expansion, and thermally induced index change, allowing us to study the phase effects produced by Kramers-Kronig phase shifting as a function of various cavity parameters. For sufficient pump power, we observe that the Kramers-Kronig effect is capable of compensating for all path length errors introduced into the cavity, resulting in efficient lasing under all path length conditions. We have directly measured the Kramers-Kronig-induced phase shift and present experimental evidence that this additional phase compensates for the applied phase error and promotes efficient lasing.
Power-aware proactive storage-tiering management for high-speed tiered-storage systems (2010)

Large-scale high-speed mass-storage systems account for a large part of the energy consumed at data centers. To conserve energy consumed by these storage systems, we propose a high-speed tiered-storage system with a poweraware proactive method of storage-tiering management that minimizes loss of performance, which we have called the energy-efficient High-speed Tiered-Storage system (eHiTS). eHiTS consists of a tiered-storage system with high-speed online storage as the first tier and low-power nearline storage with high capacity as the second tier. All files are always stored in nearline storage when it is created, in which the hard disk drives are usually left powered off. Based on hints from a high-performance computing (HPC) application, only the volume that includes the accessed files (datasets) is copied from nearline to online storage before access. The results obtained from our testbed with 64-TB capacity revealed that eHiTS was able to conserve up to 16 % of the energy consumed by an ordinary tiered-storage system with the same capacity. This corresponded to a 55%-energy saving in 1-PB capacity. 1.
Single-Domain Protein A-Engineered Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward a Universal Strategy to Site-Specific Labeling of Antibodies for Targeted Detection of Tumor Cells (2010)

Highly monodisperse magnetite nanocrystals (MNC) were synthesized in organic media and transferred to the water phase by ultrasound-assisted ligand exchange with an iminodiacetic phosphonate. The resulting biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and magnetorelaxometry, indicating that this method allowed us to obtain stable particle dispersions with narrow size distribution and unusually high magnetic resonance T(2) contrast power. These nanoparticles were conjugated to a newly designed recombinant monodomain protein A variant, which exhibited a convincingly strong affinity for human and rabbit IgG molecules. Owing to the nature of antibody-protein A binding, tight antibody immobilization occurred through the Fc fragment thus taking full advantage of the targeting potential of bound IgGs. If necessary, monoclonal antibodies could be removed under controlled conditions regenerating the original IgG-conjugatable MNC. As a proof of concept of the utility of our paramagnetic labeling system of human IgGs for biomedical applications, anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab was immobilized on hybrid MNC (TMNC). TMNC were assessed by immunoprecipitation assay and confocal microscopy effected on HER-2-overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, demonstrating excellent recognition capability and selectivity for the target membrane receptor.
Calcium phosphate cement enhances the torsional strength and stiffness of high tibial osteotomies (2015)

Injectable calcium phosphate cement improves the initial maximal torsional strength and stiffness of high tibial osteotomy construct.
Assessment and Protection of Esophageal Mucosal Integrity in Patients With Heartburn Without Esophagitis (2013)

Esophageal mucosa in patients with heartburn without esophagitis shows distinct vulnerability to acid and weakly acidic exposures. Experiments in vitro suggest that such vulnerable mucosa may be protected by application of an alginate-containing topical solution.
CXCR4 expression reflects tumor progression and regulates motility of bladder cancer cells (2004)

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder remains life threatening due to the high occurrence of metastases. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines and their receptors play a critical role in tumor metastases. In our study, we performed a systematic analysis of the mRNA and protein expression levels of all 18 chemokine receptors in normal urothelium and bladder cancer. CXCR4 was the only chemokine receptor whose mRNA expression level was upregulated in bladder cancer cell lines as well as in invasive and locally advanced bladder cancer tissue samples (pT2-pT4). In contrast, superficial bladder tumors (pTa and pT1) displayed low CXCR4 expression levels and normal urothelial cells were negative for CXCR4. Immunohistochemistry of a bladder cancer tissue microarray (TMA) confirmed that a subgroup of invasive bladder cancers revealed a high CXCR4 protein expression, while superficial bladder tumors showed low immunoreactivity. To investigate the functional significance of CXCR4 expression, we performed migration and invasion assays. Exposure of CXCR4-positive bladder cancer cells to CXCL12 in a Boyden chamber type assay provoked a significant increase in migration as well as invasion across a Matrigel barrier. Enhanced migration and invasion were inhibited by a CXCR4-specific blocking antibody. In contrast, normal urothelial cells did not respond to CXCL12 and lacked chemotactic migration. In conclusion, bladder cancer cells express CXCR4 progressively with advanced tumorigenesis and this receptor interacts with CXCL12 to mediate tumor chemotaxis and invasion through connective tissue. These properties identify CXCR4 as a potential target for the attenuation of bladder cancer metastases.
Pathogenicity of human anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin in vivo: generation of mouse anti-PF4/heparin and induction of thrombocytopenia by heparin (1997)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis (HIT) is a severe thrombotic disorder that occurs in approximately 1% of patients treated with heparin. Affected patients commonly develop antibodies that recognize PF4/heparin complexes that may form on the surface of activated platelets and on the endothelium. However, it has not been established that anti-PF4/heparin antibodies are responsible for the clinical manifestations of HIT. To address this issue, we employed a recently developed model of active immunity to study the effect of IgG anti-PF4/heparin antibody in vivo. In previous studies we have shown that it is possible to induce autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) or vasculitis in naive mice by active immunization with anti-DNA, anti-cardiolipin and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, respectively. Immunized animals develop anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) and, after 2-4 months, anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab3). Ab3s generated in this manner often simulate the binding activity of Ab1 and their expression correlates with the development of specific clinical manifestations typical of the respective human disease. Based on this experience, naive BALB/c mice were immunized with IgG anti-PF4/heparin antibodies isolated from two patients with HIT. The actively immunized mice developed mouse anti-PF4/heparin antibody (Ab3). Administration of unfractionated heparin, but not low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), to the actively immunized animals induced thrombocytopenia by day 4 of drug exposure. There was no evidence of thrombosis. The results of this study support the importance of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies in the pathogenesis of HIT. Further, this model may help to elucidate the factors responsible for thrombosis as well as providing means to assess new treatment options for patients with this disorder.
Blocking ActRIIB and restoring appetite reverses cachexia and improves survival in mice with lung cancer (2022)

Cancer cachexia is a common, debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options. Using an established mouse model of lung cancer, we find that cachexia is characterized by reduced food intake, spontaneous activity, and energy expenditure accompanied by muscle metabolic dysfunction and atrophy. We identify Activin A as a purported driver of cachexia and treat with ActRIIB-Fc, a decoy ligand for TGF-β/activin family members, together with anamorelin (Ana), a ghrelin receptor agonist, to reverse muscle dysfunction and anorexia, respectively. Ana effectively increases food intake but only the combination of drugs increases lean mass, restores spontaneous activity, and improves overall survival. These beneficial effects are limited to female mice and are dependent on ovarian function. In agreement, high expression of Activin A in human lung adenocarcinoma correlates with unfavorable prognosis only in female patients, despite similar expression levels in both sexes. This study suggests that multimodal, sex-specific, therapies are needed to reverse cachexia.