gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast Mode Decision for Camera Panning Condition in H.264 (2007)

Rate-Distortion Optimization(RDO) is a key feature of H.264 to achieve higher coding gain, but it increase computation complexity. To overcome above mentioned problem, fast mode decision schemes were proposed. However, if the sequence has conditions such as camera panning, zoom-in or zoom-out sequence characteristics, the performance is reduced. Because we can hardly find early skip conditions in camera panning or zooming sequence. To solve the weakness of fast mode decision, we propose the way to reduce encoding time in the zooming or camera panning sequence.
Vacuum-assisted microcontact printing (μCP) for aligned patterning of nano and biochemical materials (2012)

We developed a novel vacuum-assisted microcontact printing (μCP) process that presents a powerful method for patterning functional materials with precise alignment. The printing pressure of the vacuum-assisted μCP was applied using the pressure difference between the inside and outside of an elastomeric stamp. A double exposure microfabrication process was adopted for manufacturing different height protrusions on the elastomeric stamps. The outer protrusion was designed to be higher than the printing patterns, thereby acting as a vacuum sealing wall. The printing pressure was easily applied and controlled using commercial syringes and motorized syringe controllers. A high printing pressure exceeding 10 psi was applied uniformly to the target substrate. Precision alignment was realized using a common optical alignment system. During the alignment process, damage to the previously patterned material and undesired printing patterns due to stamp dragging were avoided by imposing a separation distance between the printed pattern and the substrate. Several functional materials, including proteins and nanomaterials, could be successively patterned. Protein–protein, protein–nanowire, and three-dimensionally patterned nanowires are described. This versatile vacuum-assisted μCP process is a powerful means for implementing the large-scale fabrication in bio- and nano-technologies and related applications.
Alternative developer solution/process for EUV lithography: ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (ETMAH) (2021)

The application of the ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (ETMAH) as alternative developer solution for EUV lithography was investigated (compared to the tetramethylammonium hydroxide or TMAH standard developer). Early reports have shown that at a specific or optimal developer concentration of around 0.20N the ETMAH developer allows mitigation of resist-based stochastic defects (increase in stochastic defect margin) while maintaining lithographic performance. Results obtained here suggest that with the use of a non-ionic surfactant additive for the ETMAH developer solution LWR reduction was achieved (compared to TMAH). This improvement in LWR was achieved while preserving resolution, sensitivity, and stochastic defect margin.
COLORIMETRY PART II: IMAGING APPLICATIONS (1995)

Colorimetry applied to Imaging, known as device-independent color Imaging, has a historical basis in color television that is useful in Improving the color fidelity of color computer peripherals such as CRT displays and printers.
Estimation Based on Case-Control Designs with Known Prevalence Probability (2008)

Regular case-control sampling is an extremely common design used to generate data to estimate effects of exposures or treatments on a binary outcome of interest when the proportion of cases (i.e., binary outcome equal to 1) in the population of interest is low. Case-control sampling represents a biased sample of a target population of interest by sampling a disproportional number of cases. Case-control studies are also commonly employed to estimate the effects of genetic markers or biomarkers on binary phenotypes. In this article we present a general method of estimation relying on knowing the prevalence probability, conditional on the matching variable if matching is used. Our general proposed methodology, involving a simple weighting scheme of cases and controls, maps any estimation method for a parameter developed for prospective sampling from the population of interest into an estimation method based on case-control sampling from this population. We show that this case-control weighting of an efficient estimator for a prospective sample from the target population of interest maps into an efficient estimator for matched and unmatched case-control sampling. In particular, we show how application of this generic methodology provides us with double robust locally efficient targeted maximum likelihood estimators of the causal relative risk and causal odds ratio for regular case control sampling and matched case control sampling. Various extensions and generalizations of our methods are discussed.
Functionalized Polymer‐Based Spherical Activated Carbon for Liquid and Gas Phase Applications (2013)

Abstract Polymerbasierte sphärische Aktivkohle (PBSAK) kann durch die Integration von reaktiven Komponenten in das Porensystem funktionalisiert werden. Dadurch erschließen sich neue Anwendungsbereiche für diese Adsorbentien. So kann imprägnierte PBSAK als Breitbandsorbens für Atemschutzanwendungen und zur Entfernung von Metallen aus belastetem Wasser eingesetzt werden, während stickstofffunktionalisierte PBSAK für die Reinigung von Gasströmen gut geeignet ist. Außerdem können oberflächenmodifizierte PBSAK zur Gewinnung von Wertstoffen wie Gold oder Uran eingesetzt werden.
Monitoring circulating dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) predicts improvement of organ failure and survival in sepsis: a prospective observational multinational study (2021)

Admission levels and rapid changes in cDPP3 predict outcome during sepsis. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02393781. Registered on March 19, 2015.
Remarkable effect of phosphine on the reactivity of O,P-acetal—efficient substitution reaction of O,P-acetal (2010)

The structure and electronic nature of the phosphine have a significant influence on not only the formation, but also the subsequent transformation of O,P-acetals. The O,P-acetals generated from tris(o-tolyl)phosphine [(o-tol)(3)P] underwent efficient substitution reactions with various nucleophiles.
Modeling for Diesel Engine Control: The CPower Environment (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Diesel engine control has already become complex, and in order to meet future emissions standards (such as Euro 4) it is likely to be the control system that will provide the needed performance increment. Common rail fuel injection offers yet more degrees of freedom which will need to be exploited as new emissions standards emerge.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Whatever the emissions standards, there is a need to reduce risk at the earliest stages in the development of the powertrain. This will involve early and extensive simulation of the powertrain including its control system, sensors and actuators. What is the best way to achieve this using current tools? The result lies in a combination of a phenomenological model of the engine and a flexible controls environment.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;To illustrate the principles of developing prototype control systems, we will use the example of the CPower environment, which is a combination of a detailed engine simulation code (GT-Power) and the Simulink simulation environment.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Examples of the application of CPower include EGR control, simulation of common rail fuel injection and the simulation of new types of sensor for powertrain control.&lt;/div&gt;
LTE radio resource management for real-time smart meter reading in the smart grid (2015)

In this paper, the real-time reading of smart meter information in dense deployments of smart meters is investigated. Specifically, the paper aims to answer the question of whether long term evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) networks are able to support automatic meter reading (AMR) in advanced metering infrastructures (AMI) without overloading the cellular base stations (BSs). Therefore, different radio resource management techniques are analyzed and compared under realistic simulation assumptions. The Simulation results show that LTE can accommodate a significantly large number of smart meters in a limited coverage area, transmitting their measurement data in real-time. However, this comes at the price of dynamic radio resource management, which would require an extensive exchange of signaling information. To address this problem, methods for reducing the signaling load between the meters and base stations are discussed.
Frequency Offset Estimation for MB-OFDM-based UWB Systems (2006)

We address low-complexity, highly-accurate frequency offset estimation for MB-OFDM-based UWB systems. We discuss unique characteristics of the MB-OFDM systems, namely, different carrier frequency offsets, different channel responses, different channel energies, and different preamble structures in different frequency bands. Utilizing them, we develop frequency offset estimators based on the best linear unbiased estimation principle. If compared to the conventional estimators using correlation and averaging, our proposed methods achieve better estimation performance for all preamble patterns and the improvement is more significant for the preamble patterns 3 and 4 of the MB-OFDM system in [2].
Total daily energy expenditure in free-living older African-Americans and Caucasians (1998)

Low rates of daily energy expenditure, increased energy intake, or a combination of both contribute to obesity in African-Americans. We examined whether African-Americans have lower rates of free-living daily energy expenditure than Caucasians. One hundred sixty-four (> 55 yr) volunteers (37 African-American women, 52 Caucasian women, 28 African-American men, and 47 Caucasian men) were characterized for total daily energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate, and physical activity energy expenditure from the doubly labeled water method and indirect calorimetry. Absolute total daily energy expenditure was lower in women than men but was not different between African-Americans and Caucasians. However, we found race and gender differences in total daily energy expenditure after controlling for differences in fat-free mass. Total daily energy expenditure was 10% lower (P < 0.01) in African-Americans compared with Caucasians due to a 5% lower resting metabolic rate (P < 0.01) and 19% lower physical activity energy expenditure (P = 0.08). Moreover, total daily energy expenditure was 16% lower (P < 0.01) in women compared with men due to a 6% lower resting metabolic rate (P = 0.09) and a 37% lower physical activity energy expenditure (P = 0.06). Low rates of energy expenditure may be a predisposing factor for obesity, particularly in African-American women.
Digital twin concept: Healthcare, education, research (2023)

Introducing the concept of digital twins in healthcare, medical education, and research is a complex multistage challenge requiring participation of multidisciplinary teams. In pursuing this goal, we have created a validated database of scans of colorectal tumor slides associated with relevant clinical and histological information. This database is also linked to the blood bank, which opens a wide range of opportunities for further research. Herein, we present our experience within the scope of the digital twins initiative.
Performance of Ceramics in Severe Environments (2005)

Abstract This article examines the high-temperature oxidation of silica-forming ceramics under constant temperature and cyclic conditions. The effects of water vapor, impurities, and molten salts are discussed. The article describes the oxidation and corrosion of silica-forming composites, oxide ceramics, non-silica forming nitrides, carbides, and borides. The performance of environmental barrier coatings by material type is also discussed. The article also explains the effects of oxidation and corrosion on the mechanical properties of ceramic-matrix composites. It concludes with information on high-temperature applications, wear properties, and the microscopic analyses of advanced ceramics.
Abstract 234: Physiological Toxicity Assessment of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors with Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyocytes (2016)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved targeted therapeutics for cancer management despite possible cardiac side effects, including decreased contractility. A combination microelectrode and impedance platform was used to assess field potential (FP) electrical activity and contractility, respectively, after acute and chronic exposure of six TKIs on human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Four non-TKI drugs were tested to confirm assay sensitivity. hERG current inhibitors dofetilide and pentamidine increased beat rate (BR) corrected FP duration (FPDc). Dofetilide (6μM) induced transient early afterdepolarizations (EADs), characterized as ectopic beats/notching in the FP signal, and decreased impedance amplitude (BAmp) at 48hrs. Multi-channel blocker amiodarone (2μM) acutely decreased FPDc, with quiescence up to 1hr, and increased BAmp after 24hrs. Doxorubicin decreased BAmp, inducing quiescence starting at 48hrs (5μM and 10μM). Nilotinib, sorafenib and sunitinib, which have varying documented risks of clinical QT prolongation and/or cardiotoxicity, increased FPDc. With highest tested doses, nilotinib (6μM) generated persistent EADs and increased BR, sunitinib (2.5μM) produced tachyarrhythmias with minimal impedance-evident contractions that recovered by 24hrs, and sorafenib (10μM) induced quiescence that recovered by 3hrs. Imatinib, erlotinib and lapatinib, which have fewer clinical cardtiotoxic effects, did not cause rhythm disturbances. Erlotinib and lapatinib had no significant effect on FPDc, lapatinib (2.5μM and 5μM) decreased BR, while imatinib (15μM) acutely increased FPDc and increased BR after 48hrs. Tandem electrical and impedance screening in hiPSC-CMs for drug cardiotoxicity was consistent with the clinical experience for TKIs, suggesting its potential utility for preclinical cardiotoxicity assessment for proarrhythmia and decreased contractility.
Antennas, Phantoms, and Body-Centric Propagation At Millimeter-Waves (2016)

This chapter reports the recent progress made on antennas, phantoms, and bodycentric propagation at millimeter-waves. It provides a review of recent achievements on experimental and numerical body modelling, wearable antennas for off-body and on-body communications, and body-centric propagation at millimeter-waves. The chapter discusses the numerical and experimental modeling of the human body and describes antennas for off-body communications and their interaction with the human body. From the electromagnetic viewpoint, human skin can be considered as an anisotropic multlayer dispersive structure made of three different layers, namely, epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat layer. Experimental and numerical phantoms have been described. These phantoms play a key role in the understanding of wearable antenna performance, propagation mechanisms on the human body, and absorbed power in the human body. The chapter discusses the on-body propagation, and describes several antenna designs specifically developed for on-body communications.
Laser velocimetry with fluorescent dye-doped polystyrene microspheres (2013)

Simultaneous Mie scattering and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) signals are obtained from individual polystyrene latex microspheres dispersed in an air flow. Microspheres less than 1 μm mean diameter were doped with two organic fluorescent dyes, Rhodamine B (RhB) and dichlorofluorescein (DCF), intended either to provide improved particle-based flow velocimetry in the vicinity of surfaces or to provide scalar flow information (e.g., marking one of two fluid streams). Both dyes exhibit measureable fluorescence signals that are on the order of 10(-3) to 10(-4) times weaker than the simultaneously measured Mie signals. It is determined that at the conditions measured, 95.5% of RhB LIF signals and 32.2% of DCF signals provide valid laser-Doppler velocimetry measurements compared with the Mie scattering validation rate with 6.5 W of 532 nm excitation, while RhB excited with 1.0 W incident laser power still exhibits 95.4% valid velocimetry signals from the LIF channel. The results suggest that the method is applicable to wind tunnel measurements near walls where laser flare can be a limiting factor and monodisperse particles are essential.
Graphene/fluoropolymer hybrid materials with enhancement of all device properties for improved field-effect transistors (2013)

We report on the substantial improvement of the electronic characteristics of field-effect transistors (FETs) based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene, reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) by an interacting capping layer of appropriate amorphous or polycrystalline fluoropolymers. All the key 2-dimensional device properties are improved including mobilities, on-off current ratio, electron-hole transport symmetry, Dirac voltage, and reduced residual carrier density.
Value of information in networked control systems subject to delay (2021)

In this paper, we study the trade-off between the transmission cost and the control performance of the multi-loop networked control system subject to network-induced delay. Within the linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) framework, the joint design of control policy and networking strategy is decomposed into separation optimization problems. Based on the trade-off analysis, a scalable, delay-dependent Value-of-Information (VoI) based scheduling policy is constructed to quantify the value of transmitting the data packet, and enables the decision-makers embedded in subsystems to determine the transmission policy. The proposed scalable VoI inherits the task criticality of the previous VoI metric meanwhile is sensitive to the system parameters such as information freshness and network delays. The VoI-based scheduling policy is proved to outperform the periodical triggering policy and existing Age-of-Information (AoI) based policy for network control system under transmission delay. The effectiveness of the constructed VoI with arbitrary network delay is validated through numerical simulations.
MatVPC: A User‐Friendly MATLAB‐Based Tool for the Simulation and Evaluation of Systems Pharmacology Models (2015)

Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models are progressively entering the arena of contemporary pharmacology. The efficient implementation and evaluation of complex QSP models necessitates the development of flexible computational tools that are built into QSP mainstream software. To this end, we present MatVPC, a versatile MATLAB-based tool that accommodates QSP models of any complexity level. MatVPC executes Monte Carlo simulations as well as automatic construction of visual predictive checks (VPCs) and quantified VPCs (QVPCs).
Audio Chord Recognition With Recurrent Neural Networks. (2013)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
A Stereoselective Synthesis of BMS‐262084, an Azetidinone‐Based Tryptase Inhibitor. (2002)

A highly stereoselective synthesis of the novel tryptase inhibitor BMS-262084 was developed. Key\nto this synthesis was the discovery and development of a highly diastereoselective demethoxycarbonylation of diester &lt;b&gt;12&lt;/b&gt; to form the &lt;i&gt;trans&lt;/i&gt;-azetidinone &lt;b&gt;13&lt;/b&gt;. BMS-262084 was prepared in 10 steps\nfrom d-ornithine in 30% overall yield.
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR VERY LARGE-SCALE MOTIONS IN A TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER (2011)

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) was performed to investigate the spatially coherent structures associated with very large-scale motions (VLSMs). The Reynolds number was varied in the range Retheta; = 570~2560. Inspection of the three-dimensional instantaneous fields showed that groups of hairpin vortices are coherently arranged in the streamwise direction and that these groups create significantly elongated low- and high-momentum regions with large amounts of Reynolds shear stress. Adjacent packet-type structures combine to form the VLSMs; this formation process is attributed to continuous stretching of the hairpins coupled with lifting-up and backward curling of the vortices. We employed the modified feature extraction algorithm developed by Ganapathisubramani et al. (2003) to identify the properties of the VLSMs of hairpin vortices. In the log layer, patches with the length greater than 3~4δ account for more than 40% of all the patches and these VLSMs contribute approximately 45% of the total Reynolds shear stress included in all the patches.
Diagenesis and shear rheology of a Recent-Pleistocene volcanogenic sequence, Mexican Basin. Implications to swelling and stability (2018)

Low-grade diagenesis in the Recent-Pleistocene volcanogenic sequence of the Mexican Basin formed, in the gravel and sand strata, kaolinite, smectite and interstratified kaolinite/smectite, intimately associated with fine ash containing volcanic glass, opal-C, plagioclase, K-feldspar and pyroxene, in an environment of high permeability, high hydraulic conductivity and acid fluids. In the mud, transformation was total to 1H2O- and 2H2O-smectite, in an environment of low permeability, low hydraulic conductivity, and alkaline fluids. At depth, kaolinite transforms to smectite via interstratified kaolinite/smectite. The clay minerals are the continuos phase within the sequence. A suspension prepared with 15.45 wt. % clay separated from the <2 m fraction of 26 m deep sediment in the gravel strata, containing kaolinite, smectite and interstratified minerals, shows non-Newtonian viscoelastic behavior, shear rate <0.02 s-1, shear stress <1.5 Pa, strain <0.8, instantaneous viscosity 190 Pals at a stress of 1.03 Pa, low-energy particle association. A suspension prepared with 14.02 wt. % of clay separated from 60 m deep sediment, containing smectite and low kaolinite, shows viscoelastic behavior, shear rate <0.004 s-1, shear stress 2-10 Pa, strain <0.2, instantaneous viscosity 3800 Pals at a stress of 5.91 Pa, high-energy face-to-face particle association. The 60 m clay, subjected to a deformation stress vibrating at 1 hertz, within the viscoelastic range, develops cinematic viscosity <0.8 Pals, in-phase shear modulus higher than the out-of-phase shear modulus. When vibration is raised to 5 hertz the cinematic viscosity is <4 Pa s, the out-of-phase shear modulus is higher than the in-phase one, more energy is dissipated than stored. Differences between the clay minerals from the 26 and 60 m deep sediments sustain that differences on the abundance, type and distribution of clay minerals, and consequently in the fine fraction, result in a non-uniform differential behavior of the sediments across the sedimentary sequence.
Fabrication of Microchannels Using Polynorbornene Photosensitive Sacrificial Materials (2003)

A processing method has been demonstrated for the fabrication of microchannels using photosensitive polynorbornene copolymer based sacrificial materials. The channel geometric patterns of sacrificial polymer were made via photolithography. The sacrificial polymer patterns were encapsulated with a dielectric medium and then thermally decomposed to form air channels. For the thermal decomposition of sacrificial polymer, the heating program was determined on the basis of the kinetic model obtained from thermogravimetric analysis to maintain the decomposition at a constant rate. The results indicate that a properly selected heating program can avoid the deformation in the channel structure; at the same conditions, a large-size channel is more easily deformed than a small one. The tapered-structure microchannels were also produced using a gray-scale mask. The result shows that a suitably low contrast for the photosensitive sacrificial material can lead to smooth and tapered microchannels.