gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonblinking Plasmonic Quantum Dot Assemblies for Multiplex Biological Detection (2012)

Schichtweise Polyelektrolyt-Abscheidung, bei der die stöchiometrische Zusammensetzung und der Abstand zwischen Quantenpunkten (QDs) und Goldnanopartikeln (GNPs) genau eingestellt wird, liefert die Titelsysteme. Die Konjugation biologischer Erkennungsmoleküle an diese Nano-Strichcodes ermöglicht eine gezielte Einschleusung in Zellen und eine verlängerte Verweilzeit bei minimaler Toxizität. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Low E Modulus Early Strength Engineered Cementitious Composites Material (2015)

For a reliable repair solution to be provided for the sinkage of concrete pavement slabs caused by the subsidence of subgrade, low E modulus early strength high ductility engineered cementitious composites (LMES-ECC) material was developed for ultrathin whitetopping overlay application. Low modulus of the topping material is advantageous for deformation compatibility with the existing substrate concrete without the experience of high stress. The high tensile ductility of LMES-ECC further increases the deformation compatibility and suppresses the reflective cracking, which is a major failure mechanism of pavement repair. Experimental studies were conducted on LMES-ECC with respect to its compressive strength, tensile properties, cracking behavior under restrained shrinkage, and flexural properties. The compressive strength and flexural strength of LMES-ECC at 3 days reached 31 MPa and 7 MPa, respectively, which satisfied both the requirement necessary to reopen traffic and the design strength of concrete pavement material. Unlike the brittle fracture of normal concrete, multiple microcracks (i.e., average crack width below 60 μm) developed in LMES-ECC before final fracture under tension and bending; this deformation resulted in a tensile strain capacity as high as 4% (about 400 times that of normal concrete) and large vertical deflection capacity. In addition, the E modulus of LMES-ECC was measured at 14 GPa, which was significantly lower than for normal concrete. The low modulus and high deformation capacity of LMES-ECC greatly improved the deformation compatibility of the topping overlay with the old concrete substrate, avoided brittle failure or large cracks of the overlay, and contributed to more effective pavement repair.
A new valuable CSA ointment on contact skin reactions. (1993)

A new cyclosporin A (CSA) ointment was prepared and its effect on contact skin reactions was evaluated in guinea pigs. 0.1% or 0.5% dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) -induced contact skin reactions were inhibited by twice daily topical application of 1-10% CSA ointment preparation, which showed more potency as compared to those of other topical CSA's or steroids. In contrast to oral administration of CSA (50 mg/kg) for 4 days, topical application over the same period resulted in more suppressive effect on contact skin reactions with rather lower CSA levels in blood (150 ng/ml) . CSA contents of this preparation were little changed even at 60°C for 3 months.These results indicate that this new CSA ointment is effective and stable preparation. Moreover, there would be a possibility that this preparation may be valuable in the treatment of human cutaneous immune-mediated disorders.
Identification and characterization of striatal cell subtypes using in vivo intracellular recording in rats. I. Basic physiology and response to corticostriatal fiber stimulation (1994)

The electrophysiological characteristics of two subtypes of striatal neurons, identified by their distinct patterns of response to paired impulse stimulation of corticostriatal afferents, were compared using in vivo intracellular recordings in rats. As observed in previous extracellular recording studies, the majority of neurons (73%) were found to be of the Type II class, with the remaining cells exhibiting the Type I response pattern. For all cells, cortical stimulation elicited 5-30 mV EPSPs at latencies ranging from 2.0-5.3 msec. Increasing the stimulating current intensity caused a progressive increase in the amplitude of the evoked EPSPs without altering their latencies, suggesting that the EPSPs are monosynaptically mediated. Both the average amplitude and duration of the evoked EPSPs at spike threshold in Type I neurons (9.8 +/- 1.7 mV, 11.8 +/- 2.8 msec; mean +/- SEM) were significantly smaller than those of Type II cells (20.3 +/- 1.4 mV, 22.7 +/- 2.1 msec). Although the average latency to the onset of the EPSP was similar for both cell classes (Type I cells: 2.3 +/- 0.3 msec; Type II cells: 2.2 +/- 0.2 msec), the EPSPs in Type I cells reached peak amplitude and the spikes were triggered at significantly longer latencies than in the Type II cells (peak I: 11.2 +/- 2.5 msec vs. II: 7.6 +/- 0.7 msec; spike I: 8.0 +/- 1.2 msec vs. II: 5.7 +/- 0.4 msec). Striatal neurons had a comparatively hyperpolarized resting membrane potential (-70.2 +/- 2.1 mV) and had an average input resistance of 35.4 +/- 7.6 M omega. Overall, striatal neurons exhibited low levels of spontaneous activity (0.6 +/- 0.7 Hz) with 50% of the neurons being quiescent. Type I cells exhibited significantly higher firing rates (3.2 +/- 0.8 Hz) than Type II cells (0.8 +/- 0.3 Hz), although their resting membrane potentials were not significantly different. Spontaneously occurring spikes had an average amplitude of 72.7 +/- 3.4 mV and spike thresholds of -50.1 +/- 1.5 mV. Irregularly occurring depolarizing plateau potentials, which typically gave rise to spike discharge, were frequently observed in both spontaneously firing and quiescent neurons. A small proportion of the cells recorded (3/55) exhibited a Type I response pattern but had unique physiological characteristics that were similar to those described by others as arising from large, aspiny striatal neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Water-Mediated Binding of Agents that Target the DNA Minor Groove (2011)

Small molecule complexes with DNA that incorporate linking water molecules are rare, and the DB921-DNA complex has provided a unique and well-defined system for analysis of water-mediated binding in the context of a DNA complex. DB921 has a benzimidazole-biphenyl system with terminal amidines that results in a linear conformation that does not possess the appropriate radius of curvature to match the minor groove shape and represents a new paradigm that does not fit the classical model of minor groove interactions. To better understand the role of the bound water molecule observed in the X-ray crystal structure of the DB921 complex, synthetic modifications have been made in the DB921 structure, and the interactions of the new compounds with DNA AT sites have been evaluated with an array of methods, including DNase I footprinting, biosensor-surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration microcalorimetry, and circular dichroism. The interaction of a key compound, which has the amidine at the phenyl shifted from the para position in DB921 to the meta position, has also been examined by X-ray crystallography. The detailed structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic results provide valuable new information for incorporation of water molecules in the design of new lead scaffolds for targeting DNA in chemical biology and therapeutic applications.
Vysokonapěťové struktury pro galvanickou iziolaci v integrovaných obvodech (2020)

Tato dizertační práce představuje novou techniku laterární rezonanční vazby, která je využita v návrhu galvanicky izolovaného posouvače úrovně, který je následně implementován v 800 V půlmůstkovém kontroléru pro průmyslové aplikace. Ve srovnání s tradičními galvanickými izolátory jsou výrobní náklady tohoto řešení nižší. Pro aplikace vyžadující vyšší úroveň galvanické izolace je popsán následný vývoj galvanicky izolovaného posouvače úrovně, který využívá pouze jeden galvanicky oddělený posouvač úrovní pro komunikaci v obou směrech, což výrazně snižuje plochu struktury izolátoru. Jako součást následného návrhu je představen galvanický izolátor který je schopen přenášet analogovou hodnotu napětí. Analogový izolátor byl testován v reálné aplikaci síťového spínaného zdroje jako náhrada standardního optočlenu. Tato konstrukce umožňuje integraci primárních a sekundárních obvodů v jednom pouzdře, což umožní snížit složitost a cenu spínaného zdroje.
Rare Genome-Wide Copy Number Variation and Expression of Schizophrenia in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (2017)

The results suggest that additional rare CNVs overlapping genes outside of the 22q11.2 deletion region contribute to schizophrenia risk in 22q11.2DS, supporting a multigenic hypothesis for schizophrenia. The findings have implications for understanding expression of psychotic illness and herald the importance of whole-genome sequencing to appreciate the overall genomic architecture of schizophrenia.
Fabrication of translucent nanoceramics via a simple filtration method (2015)

Translucent nano-ceramics fabricated by a simple filtration method followed by a regular sintering process. The key factors are the morphology of nanoparticles and pressure of filtration.
Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Modulates Neuroinflammation and Neurotoxicity in Models of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (2015)

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the single most common genetic cause of both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), both of which share pathogenetic and neurologic similarities with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Pathologic LRRK2 activity may also contribute to neuroinflammation, because microglia lacking LRRK2 exposed to proinflammatory stimuli have attenuated responses. Because microglial activation is a hallmark of HIV-1 neuropathology, we have investigated the role of LRRK2 activation using in vitro and in vivo models of HAND. We hypothesize that LRRK2 is a key modulator of microglial inflammatory responses, which play a pathogenic role in both HAND and PD, and that these responses may cause or exacerbate neuronal damage in these diseases. The HIV-1 Tat protein is a potent neurotoxin produced during HAND that induces activation of primary microglia in culture and long-lasting neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity when injected into the CNS of mice. We found that LRRK2 inhibition attenuates Tat-induced pS935-LRRK2 expression, proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression, and phosphorylated p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase signaling in primary microglia. In our murine model, cortical Tat injection in LRRK2 knock-out (KO) mice results in significantly diminished neuronal damage, as assessed by microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), class III β-tubulin TUJ1, synapsin-1, VGluT, and cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining. Furthermore, Tat-injected LRRK2 KO animals have decreased infiltration of peripheral neutrophils, and the morphology of microglia from these mice were similar to that of vehicle-injected controls. We conclude that pathologic activation of LRRK2 regulates a significant component of the neuroinflammation associated with HAND.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Metamaterials (2010)

The 13 papers in this special issue describe some of the most remarkable work in the field of metamaterials and outline a number of exciting future research directions.
Part I. Electronic Structure of Transition Metal Complexes (1987)

The electronic spectra of d7-d7 metal-metal-bonded com­ pounds are dominated bya+a* transitions, where the lowest energy transition is either metal-metal (da+da*) or axial-ligand charge transfer (L(a)+da*); the relative energetics are determined mainly by metal-metal bond strength and axial-ligand reducing character. In some cases, both a+a* transitions are observed. Relatively weak electronic absorption bands are attributable to dTI+da*(M2) and dTI+da*(M-Le ), where the ligand-field strength of the equatorial ligand controts the relative excitation energies. The equatorial ligands also affect the strength of the metal-metal bond, and the da+da* transition is shown to be strongly responsive to this perturbation. If the lowest energy a+a* transition is L(a)+da*, however, its energy need not correlate with the metal-metal bond length. The electronic spectra of mixed­ valence (e.g., d7-dB) and longer-chain meta1-meta1-bonded compounds can be interpreted in terms of the molecular orbital levels developed for dL d7 species.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Chaperonin 10 Stimulates Bone Resorption: A Potential Contributory Factor in Pott's Disease (1997)

Pott's disease (spinal tuberculosis), a condition characterized by massive resorption of the spinal vertebrae, is one of the most striking pathologies resulting from local infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt; Boachie-Adjei, O., and R.G. Squillante. 1996. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 27:95-103). The pathogenesis of Pott's disease is not established. Here we report for the first time that a protein, identified by a monoclonal antibody to be the Mt heat shock protein (Baird, P.N., L.M. Hall, and A.R.M. Coates. 1989. J. Gen. Microbiol. 135:931-939) chaperonin (cpn) 10, is responsible for the osteolytic activity of this bacterium. Recombinant Mt cpn10 is a potent stimulator of bone resorption in bone explant cultures and induces osteoclast recruitment, while inhibiting the proliferation of an osteoblast bone-forming cell line. Furthermore, we have found that synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences within the flexible loop and sequence 65-70 of Mt cpn10 may comprise a single conformational unit which encompasses its potent bone-resorbing activity. Our findings suggest that Mt cpn10 may be a valuable pharmacological target for the clinical therapy of vertebral tuberculosis and possibly other bone diseases.
Photoconductance quantization in a single-photon detector (2002)

We have made a single-photon detector that relies on photoconductive gain in a narrow electron channel in an ${\mathrm{Al}}_{y}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}\mathrm{As}/\mathrm{GaAs}$ two-dimensional electron gas. Given that the electron channel is one dimensional, the photoinduced conductance has plateaus at multiples of the quantum conductance ${2e}^{2}/h.$ Superimposed on these broad conductance plateaus are many sharp, small, conductance steps associated with single-photon absorption events that produce individual photocarriers. This is a first step toward a photoconductive detector that could measure a single photon, while safely storing and protecting the spin degree of freedom of its photocarrier, but we have not actually achieved that goal.
Capsaicin‐induced inhibition of motility of the rat isolated vas deferens: do multiple neuropeptides mediate the visceromotor effects of capsaicin? (1987)

1 The effects of capsaicin have been investigated in the field-stimulated (0.1 Hz) or unstimulated rat isolated vas deferens and compared with those of some neuropeptides (neurokinins, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) putatively stored in capsaicin-sensitive sensory fibres. 2 Capsaicin (0.01-3 microM) produced a concentration-related transient inhibition of the field-stimulation-induced twitches. This effect was characterized by marked desensitization and could not be elicited in preparations excised from capsaicin-pretreated rats (50 mg/kg s.c., 4 days before). The amplitude of the nerve-mediated twitches was unaffected by capsaicin-desensitization. 3 Neurokinins (substance P, Kassinin) produced a potentiation of the nerve-mediated contractions while CGRP had a potent inhibitory effect. In the presence of Kassinin, CGRP still inhibited twitches although the time course of this inhibitory effect was delayed as compared to controls. 4 In the unstimulated rat vas deferens neither capsaicin (3 microM) nor CGRP (0.1 microM) had any significant motor effect. However, when phasic contractions were initiated by previous exposure to Kassinin (0.2 microM), both capsaicin (3 microM) or CGRP (10-100 nM) had a prompt inhibitory effect. Capsaicin inhibition exhibited a marked desensitization while the effect of CGRP was still evident after capsaicin-desensitization. 5 The inhibitory effect of capsaicin or CGRP on the Kassinin-stimulated rhythmic contractions of the rat isolated vas deferens was unaffected by a previous exposure to tetrodotoxin (0.5 microM). 6 Storage at 4 degrees C for 24 h produced a 65% reduction of the response of the rat isolated vas deferens to nerve-stimulation. The residual response was tetrodotoxin-sensitive and could be potentiated by Kassinin (0.2 microM) or inhibited by CGRP (10-100 nM) as observed in controls. In these preparations the inhibitory effect of capsaicin (3 microM) was significantly reduced (approximately equal to 50%) and in some preparations abolished, as compared to controls. 7 These findings indicate the existence, in the rat isolated vas deferens, of capsaicin-sensitive sensory innervation which, upon chemical stimulation, releases, through a tetrodotoxin-insensitive mechanism, a substance(s) which inhibits motility at postjunctional level. CGRP is a possible candidate for the role of inhibitory sensory transmitter released from capsaicin-sensitive nerve endings in this preparation.
A lens-free single-shot fluorescent imaging system using CMOS image sensors with dielectric multi-layer filter (2017)

This paper reports a lens-free single-shot fluorescent imaging system based on CMOS image sensors, for monitoring the shape of a single cell in the cluster during culture in parallel. By directly depositing a dielectric multi-layer filter to eliminate excitation light on a CMOS image sensor, the spatial resolution of smaller than 10 μm was achieved, which is small enough to distinguish fluorescent characteristics for single cell level. As one of the typical demonstrations, rat primary neurons and human colon cancer cells stained with Hoechst <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> 33342 were observed and their individual nuclei were distinguished in the fluorescent image.
Enhanced interference management in heterogeneous cellular networks (2014)

We consider the problem of maximizing the proportional fairness (PF) utility over heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) by jointly exploiting partial muting-wherein the high power macro transmission node in a set of transmission nodes of interest can be made inactive for a specified fraction of the available time-frequency resource- and load balancing (user association)-wherein each user can be associated to (i.e., configured to receive data from) any one transmission node in that set. This joint problem is a mixed optimization problem in which there are finitely many choices for the muting fraction and the user association, but there are a continuum of ways in which each transmission node can partition the available resource among the users associated to it. While this mixed optimization problem seems intractable, we systematically construct efficient approximation algorithms, one of which is approximately optimal in that it yields a system utility that is no less than the optimal utility minus a constant. In addition, we propose another lower complexity greedy algorithm and proceed to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithms via simulations over an example LTE HetNet topology.
Experimental investigation of 100-Gbps transmission over 80-km single mode fiber using discrete multi-tone modulation (2012)

We experimentally evaluated the transmission performance of discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation at wavelengths in the 1300-nm and 1550-nm regions and analyzed the degradation factors. By using their countermeasures to extend transmission distance, we realized the capacity of 100 Gbps with 2WDM x 50 Gbps over 80 km. To our knowledge, this work is the highest capacity in 80-km transmission system using direct modulation and direct detection. These results show that the DMT modulation can be used to realize high capacity transceiver with simple and cost effective configuration for the bi-directional transmission system like a passive optical network.
Nanoscale assembling of graphene oxide with electrophoretic deposition leads to superior percolation network in Li-ion electrodes: TiNb2O7/rGO composite anodes (2020)

In this paper, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is shown to promote nanoscale assembling of graphene oxide (GO) enabling the fabrication of highly homogeneous, robust, and capacity fade resistant composite titanium niobate (TiNb2O7, TNO)/rGO anodes upon reductive annealing. Control tests revealed that EPD is superior to conventional PVDF-based casting in maximizing the performance benefits from using reduced GO in Li-ion electrode fabrication as is the case of TNO that is plagued with conductivity and capacity fading problems. In this particular study, we show that there is a synergy developed between GO and EPD with the former (1) stabilizing the EPD suspension, (2) acting as a flexible binder net that affords mechanical integrity during the volume expansion of TNO, (3) serving as a conductive filler, and (4) contributing to Li-ion storage via pseudocapacitance. As a consequence, a superior percolation network is developed. Thus while both EPD- and PVDF- built TNO/rGO composite anodes exhibited high initial capacities (∼350 and 318 mA h g-1) at 0.5 C cycling, respectively, their cycling behaviour was quite different with the latter experiencing high internal polarization and extended degradation. Post-mortem PEEM-XANES analysis clearly demonstrated a highly homogeneous mesostructure in the case of the EPD-built TNO/rGO anode vs. a highly segregated and dis-jointed rGO and TNO component clustering in the PVDF-built electrode.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4, Table Legend from Yes-Associated Protein 1 Is Activated and Functions as an Oncogene in Meningiomas (2023)

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Charge separation in metallomacrocycle complexes linked with electron acceptors by axial coordination (2009)

A simple but elegant way to obtain linked donor-acceptor entities involving metallomacrocycle complexes with fixed distance and orientation is the use of coordination of axial ligands to metallomacrocycle complexes. A series of electron acceptor-bearing silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) triads have been readily synthesized, using the six-coordinated nature of the central silicon atom, by attachment of two electron-acceptor units, fullerene SiPc-(C(60))(2), trinitrofluorenone SiPc-(TNF)(2) and trinitrodicyanomethylenefluorene SiPc-(TNDCF)(2). The nitrogen of pyridylnaphthalenediimide (PyNIm) can coordinate to the metal center of zinc porphyrin to form a donor-acceptor complexes: ZnTPP-PyNIm. The binding of pyridine moieties to Zn-porphyrin complexes is much enhanced by the distortion of porphyrin ring. By taking advantage of saddle distortion of zinc octaphenylphthalocyanine (ZnOPPc) and diprotonated dodecaphenylporphyrin (H(4)DPP(2+)), a discrete supramolecular assembly composed of Zn(OPPc) and H(4)DPP(2+) and is obtained by using 4-pyridinecarboxylate (4-PyCOO(-)) with the axial coordination bond and hydrogen bonding. The charge separation in these metal macrocycles linked with electron acceptors with axial coordination bonds is described together with the application to develop supramolecular solar cells.
Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Solutions for Crossing Slot-Waveguides With Finite Core-Height (2012)

A three-dimensional vectorial finite element method (3-D-VFEM) for waveguide discontinuity problems is newly formulated and implemented. Through the use of the 3-D-VFEM, transmission characteristics of two types of crossing slot-waveguides with finite core-height are investigated for the first time. One is a direct crossing and the other is a crossing filling up the slots locally. Results show that three-dimensional analysis considering the finite core-height is indispensable.