gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2431: 89Zr-bevacizumab PET as an early biomarker for response to everolimus treatment in an ovarian cancer xenograft model (2012)

Abstract The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is activated in the majority of ovarian cancers and is involved in tumor angiogenesis. Inhibitors of mTOR, like everolimus, are potentially interesting drugs as they can exert antitumor activity in part through reducing downstream vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) production. We investigated whether early effects of everolimus treatment could be monitored with 89Zr-bevacizumab positron emission tomography (VEGF-PET). Methods: The effect of everolimus on VEGF-A secretion was determined in three human ovarian cancer cell lines and in A2780luc+ ovarian cancer cells xenografted subcutaneously in BALB/c mice. Mice received daily everolimus (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) for 14 days. PET scans with the tracer 89Zr-labeled bevacizumab were performed to monitor tumor VEGF-A expression before (baseline) and after treatment. Images were obtained 6 days after tracer injection. Tracer uptake was quantified and expressed as mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean). For ex vivo 89Zr-bevacizumab biodistribution and correlative tissue analyses, control animals were sacrificed after the baseline scans. Tumor VEGF-A levels were measured with ELISA in tumor lysates and mean vascular density (MVD) was determined with immunohistochemistry. Results: Everolimus treatment lowered VEGF-A levels in the supernatant of all cell lines. Everolimus lowered 89Zr-bevacizumab tumor uptake by 21.7 ± 4.0% (SUVmean 2.26 ± 0.18 versus 2.89 ± 0.20, p &amp;lt; 0.01). Ex vivo 89Zr-bevacizumab biodistribution showed less tracer uptake in the tumors of treated compared to control animals (7.78 ± 0.84 %ID/g versus 14.02 ± 1.68 %ID/g, p &amp;lt; 0.01), while no differences were observed for other tissues. VEGF-A protein levels in tumor lysates were lower in treated versus untreated tumors (p = 0.04), as was the MVD (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Conclusion: 89Zr-bevacizumab PET showed reduced tumor VEGF-A levels in vivo in response to everolimus therapy, coinciding with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Currently there are 2 clinical trials ongoing to study the value of 89Zr-bevacizumab PET to monitor tumor VEGF-A levels as an early biomarker of response to mTOR inhibitor therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2431. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2431
Related Article from Viewing the Epigenetics of Colorectal Cancer through the Window of Folic Acid Effects (2023)

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DAEMON Deliverable 3.1: Initial design of real-time control and VNF intelligence mechanisms (2021)

This deliverable presents DAEMON’s initial view on the problem of real-time control and network functions intelligence. The work presented in this document tackles two main points:<br> • Understanding what the main challenges from the architectural perspective are and proposing initial solutions to overcome them. This activity has a strong relationship with the work carried out in WP2 in terms of requirements and architectural design. Namely, we identified additional requirements that are specifically related to the fast timescale NI applications.<br> • The design of specific NI algorithms that focus on the inclusion of NI very close to the user plane. A lot of attention was paid to edge network functions, such as those related to the access network (including Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces).<br> In total, we describe 11 algorithms. These algorithms can be generally categorized into two main classes:<br> • Algorithms that jointly optimize radio and compute resources for intelligent NFV in vRANs. These algorithms are mainly presented in section 4 and deploy novel mechanisms and techniques for solving such difficult and coupled decision-making problems.<br> • Algorithms that are capable of running on different timescales. These algorithms are of specific interest to the work package as they directly tackle the highly heterogeneous nature of edge and fog domains and are mainly presented in section 5.<br> Each proposed algorithm specifically mentions the targeted KPI so as to create a clear, propaedeutic environment for the follow-up WP5 activities.
Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodialysis Using the Cardio-Renal Pediatric Dialysis Emergency Machine<sup>TM</sup>: First Clinical Experiences (2018)

We report the first worldwide experience with continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) in children using the last generation Cardio-Renal Pediatric Dialysis Emergency Machine (CARPEDIEM)TM device. Thirteen children received 1,008 h of CVVHD during 95 sessions, using a 0.15 (n = 7) or a 0.25 m2 (n = 6) hemofilter. The median weight was 3 kg (interquartile range [IQR] 2.5-6.2). In 10 patients, CVVHD was conducted using a 5 Fr double-lumen central vascular access, whereas in 3 children, bigger sizes were used (6.5 and 8 Ch). The median prescribed Qb was 17 mL/min (IQR 10-29.5), with a median Qd of 10 mL/min. Circuits were primed with 5% albumin in 12 out of 13 patients, using anticoagulation with heparin in all 13 cases. The median delivered/prescribed time ratio yielded a 100% result (95-100%). The most common cause for "downtime" was clotting that however occurred in only 3% of all treatments. Survivals at continuous renal replacement therapy discontinuation and ICU discharge were 100 and 69% respectively. The CARPEDIEMTM machine allowed successful delivery of diffusive blood purification modality to very small patients, using small catheters, no blood primes, and excellent concordance between delivered and prescribed treatment duration.
Nanoscale-Resolution Coherent Diffractive Imaging using Tabletop Soft X-ray Light Sources (2011)

The combination of Coherent Diffractive Imaging (CDI) with new tabletop-scale coherent EUV and x-ray light sources has enabled a new imaging modality, with demonstrated resolution of ~20 nm and the potential for further rapid improvement.
Cholinergic modulation is independent of T lymphocytes in a mouse model of neuropathic pain (2022)

T lymphocytes are increasingly implicated in pain signaling. A subset of T lymphocytes, termed TChAT, express the rate-limiting enzyme for acetylcholine (ACh) production, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and mediate numerous physiological functions. Given that cholinergic signaling has long been known to modulate pain processing and is the basis for several analgesics used clinically, we asked whether TChAT could be the intersection between T lymphocyte and cholinergic mediation of pain signaling. In this study, we used a mouse gene knockout strategy to ablate ChAT specifically from T lymphocytes and examined the development and expression of mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in a spared nerve injury (SNI) mouse model of neuropathic pain. We found that mice with ChAT knockout in T cells (floxed <i>Chat</i> plus CD4-Cre recombinase) did not differ from control mice with intact ChAT (floxed <i>Chat</i>, but no Cre recombinase) in their expression of mechanical sensitivity before or after injury. Similarly, thermal sensitivity was unaffected after injury, with control mice expressing similar patterns of thermal preference to mice whose T cells do not express ChAT. Our experiments demonstrate that cholinergic signaling initiated by T lymphocytes neither dampens nor exacerbates the expression of mechanical or thermal sensitivity in neuropathic mice. Thus, while both cholinergic signaling and T lymphocytes have established roles in modulating pain phenotypes, it is not cholinergic signaling initiated by T lymphocytes that drive this. Our findings will help to narrow in on which aspects of T-cell modulation may prove useful as therapies.
AppArmor Profile Generator as a Cloud Service (2021)

Along with the rapid development of containerization technology, remarkable benefits have been created for developers and operation teams, and overall software infrastructure. Although lots of effort has been devoted to enhancing containerization security, containerized environments still have a huge attack surface. This paper proposes a secure cloud service for generating a Linux security module, AppArmor profiles for containerized services. The profile generator service implements container runtime profiling to apply customized AppArmor policies to protect containerized services without the need to make hard and potentially error-prone manual policy configurations. To evaluate the effectiveness of the profile generator service, we enable it on a widely used containerized web service to generate profiles and test them with real-world attacks. We generate an exploit database with 11 exploits harmful to the tested web service. These exploits are sifted from the 56 exploits of Exploit- db targeting the tested web service’s software. We launch these exploits on the web service protected by the profile. The results show that the proposed profile generator service improves the test web service’s overall security a lot compared to using the default Docker security profile.
A 2.8 mW/Gb/s quad-channel 8.5–11.4 Gb/s quasi-digital transceiver in 28 nm CMOS (2013)

A SerDes operating from 8.5 to 11.4 Gb/s using nearly all CMOS digital circuits is presented. The transmitter achieves up to 1 Vdpp output swing with a DDJ as low as 2.7 ps. The receiver achieves an input sensitivity of less than 17 mVdpp. The chip is capable of transmitting and receiving data on an FR4 channel with 21 dB loss at Nyquist at a BER <; 10-12. The power consumption per Tx/Rx pair is 28.5 mW, and the active area is 0.047 mm2 in 28 nm CMOS. The chip reports the minimum SerDes area in the published literature.
Design of Novel Mixer and Applicator for Two-Component Surgical Adhesives (2015)

Current mixer and applicator devices on the market are not able to properly and efficiently mix two-component surgical adhesives in small volumes necessary to achieve economic viability. Furthermore, in these devices a significant amount of adhesive is wasted during the application process, as material within the dead space of the mixing chamber must be discarded. We have designed and demonstrated a new active mixer and applicator system capable of rapidly and efficiently mixing two components of an adhesive and applying it to the surgical site. Recently, Messersmith et al. have developed a tissue adhesive inspired by the mussel byssus and have shown that it is effective as a surgical sealant, and is especially suited for wet environments such as in fetal surgery. Like some other tissue sealants, this one requires that two components of differing viscosities be thoroughly mixed within a specified and short time period. Through a combination of compression and shear testing, we demonstrated that our device could effectively mix the adhesive developed by Messersmith et al. and improve its shear strength to significantly higher values than what has been reported for vortex mixing. Overall, our mixer and applicator system not only has potential applications in mixing and applying various adhesives in multiple surgical fields but also makes this particular adhesive viable for clinical use.
SmartCar: detecting driver stress (2002)

Smart physiological sensors embedded in an automobile afford a novel opportunity to capture naturally occurring episodes of driver stress. In a series of ten ninety minute drives on public roads and highways, ECG, EMG, respiration and skin conductance sensors were used to measure the autonomic nervous system activation. The signals were digitized in real time and stored on the SmartCar's Pentium class computer. Each drive followed a pre-specified route through fifteen different events, from which four stress level categories were created according to the results of the subjects self report questionnaires. In total, 545 one minute segments were classified. A linear discriminant function was used to rank each feature individually based on the recognition performance, and a sequential forward floating selection algorithm was used to find an optimal set of features for recognizing patterns of driver stress. Using multiple features improved performance significantly over the best single feature performance.
Synthesis of highly phase pure (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor (2023)

An article and method of manufacture of (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor. The superconductor is manufactured by preparing a first powdered mixture of bismuth oxide, lead oxide, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. A second powdered mixture is then prepared of strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. The mixtures are calcined separately with the two mixtures then combined. The resulting combined mixture is then subjected to a powder in tube deformation and thermal processing to produce a substantially phase pure (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor.
Nano-structured optical fiber bundles for remote SPR detection: a first step toward in vivo biomolecular analysis (2017)

This work presents the proof of concept of the detection of global and surface optical index variations by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) thanks to optical fiber bundles. This work is the first necessary step for the future design of a lab-on-fiber tool dedicated to molecular analysis for endoscopic diagnosis. Our approach is based on nanostructured optical fiber bundles comprising several thousands of individual optical fibers. These nanostructures were coated by a thin gold layer in order to gain interesting optical properties such like SPR. The sensitivity and resolution of the bundle to global optical index changes were measured in retro-reflection. We performed numerical simulations in order to optimize the fiber tip geometry, gold coating thickness and finally enhance their analytical performances. We achieved a resolution of 10<sup>-4</sup> refractive index unit, which is fully compatible with the detection of biological interactions involving large proteins or bacteria. Finally, we proved that our sensor was sensitive to surface optical index variations and able to detect the adsorption of a thin self-assembled molecular layer.
Structure and morphology of thermally oxidized high density polyethylene pipes (1982)

Abstract The effects of thermal oxidation on the‐ molecular structure and on the morphology of a series of high‐density polyethylene pipes have been studied “as received” or after service. The existence of a 40 to 170 μm thick oxidation skin was established, the structure and morphology of which were characterized by gloss measurements, scanning electron microscopy, polarized microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, gel measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry. The skin surface frequent contained craterlike structures, 25‐50 μm in diameter, whereas small‐scale structures occurred much less frequently than in non‐oxidized surfaces, and the gloss increased significantly. The presence of a carbonyl concentration gradient through the skin was established, and the gel measurements also indicated a crosslink gradient. The skin was found to be composed of a top layer with a mainly non‐spherulitic structure of very low crystallinity and melting point and a large‐scale spherulitic layer with a crystallinity and melting point slightly below the corresponding bulk values. The formation of this brittle surface layer and its effect on the long‐term fracture performance of the pipe are discussed.
Disease-Modifying Mutations in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2008)

C ardiomyopathies are primary disorders of cardiac muscle associated with abnormalities of cardiac wall thickness, chamber size, contraction, relaxation, conduction, and rhythm. They are a major cause of morbidity and mortality at all ages and, like acquired forms of cardiovascular disease, frequently progress into heart failure. The disease is associated with electrical instability (ie, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias), which makes it the leading cause of death in young athletes. There is marked diversity in the morphological features and clinical manifestations of both DCM and FHC.
Antibacterial Activities of Graphene Oxide–Molybdenum Disulfide Nanocomposite Films (2017)

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene-based materials and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets, are promising materials for biomedical applications owing to their remarkable cytocompatibility and physicochemical properties. On the basis of their potent antibacterial properties, 2D materials have potential as antibacterial films, wherein the 2D nanosheets are immobilized on the surface and the bacteria may contact with the basal planes of 2D nanosheets dominantly rather than contact with the sharp edges of nanosheets. To address these points, in this study, we prepared an effective antibacterial surface consisting of representative 2D materials, i.e., graphene oxide (GO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>), formed into nanosheets on a transparent substrate for real device applications. The antimicrobial properties of the GO-MoS<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite surface toward the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were investigated, and the GO-MoS<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite exhibited enhanced antimicrobial effects with increased glutathione oxidation capacity and partial conductivity. Furthermore, direct imaging of continuous morphological destruction in the individual bacterial cells having contacts with the GO-MoS<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite surface was characterized by holotomographic (HT) microscopy, which could be used to detect the refractive index (RI) distribution of each voxel in bacterial cell and reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) mapping images of bacteria. In this regard, the decreases in both the volume (67.2%) and the dry mass (78.8%) of bacterial cells that came in contact with the surface for 80 min were quantitatively measured, and releasing of intracellular components mediated by membrane and oxidative stress was observed. Our findings provided new insights into the antibacterial properties of 2D nanocomposite film with label-free tracing of bacterial cell which improve our understanding of antimicrobial activities and opened a window for the 2D nanocomposite as a practical antibacterial film in biomedical applications.
Cell free DNA and hepatic arterial infusion of oxaliplatin plus systemic capecitabine for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (2018)

Background: Hepatic Arterial Infusion (HAI) where the cytotoxic agents are administered intrahepatic is an experimental treatment option for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). We aimed to investigate the level of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with CRCLM receiving HAI with oxaliplatin and systemic capecitabine. Methods: Patients were treated according to a single arm phase II study including patients with liver limited mCRC from November 2004 to May 2010, who were not eligible for any other standard local treatment. Therapy comprised intrahepatic infusion of oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 every second week with concomitant oral capecitabine 3500 mg/m2 every second week for up to 12 cycles. A pre-treatment plasma sample was used for quantification of cfDNA by a modified fluorescent assay. Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox multiple regression analysis. Results: Baseline plasma samples were available from 62 patients. The majority of patients were males (61%), the median age 61.3 years (range 40.8-74.8) and distribution of colonic/rectal cancers 68%/32%. The median level of cfDNA was 0.92 ng/μL (95% CI 0.84-1.00) with no significant differences according to pre-treatment patients characteristics apart from significantly higher cfDNA levels with poor PS (p < 0.001). Plasma cfDNA was significantly lower (0.91 ng/μL, 95% CI 0.76-0.98) in patients who achieved an objective response compared to non-responders (1.79 ng/μL, 95% CI 0.99-2.57, p = 0.02). Patients with a baseline value of cfDNA above the 75th quartile had a median overall survival of 2.4 years (95% CI 0.7-2.8), compared to 3.9 years (95% CI 2.8-5.9) for patients below the 75th quartile (p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, only increasing baseline level of cfDNA, (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.07-3.38, p = 0.03), and mutated KRAS status, (HR 3.17, 95%CI 1.67-6.03, p < 0.001), remained associated with short survival. Conclusions: Patients with a low baseline level of plasma cfDNA had a favorable outcome from treatment with HAI and capecitabine for CRCLM. Consequently, cfDNA could hold clinically relevant predictive and prognostic information, which needs validation in this setting. Legal entity responsible for the study: Karen-Lise Spinder. Funding: Danish Cancer Society Novo Nordisk Foundation. Disclosure: A.K. Boysen: Advisory board: Bayer A/S. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Four motor effects of capsaicin on guinea‐pig distal colon (1987)

The motor effects of capsaicin on the guinea-pig distal colon have been investigated in vivo and in vitro. Capsaicin (0.1-10 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) produced a transient relaxation which was reduced by pretreatment with capsaicin itself, atropine, hexamethonium, phentolamine or guanethidine and almost abolished by tetrodotoxin (TTX). Topically applied capsaicin produced a transient inhibition of tone and spontaneous activity prevented by topically applied TTX. In isolated preparations of distal colon, capsaicin produced a transient, TTX- and atropine-sensitive contraction which was followed by a depression of the contractile activity. The depressant effect was unaffected by atropine plus guanethidine but was greatly reduced by TTX, indicating activation of intramural non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) mechanisms. The depressant effect on the first exposure to capsaicin (1 microM) was greater than that produced by a second, third or fourth exposure. In preparations excised from capsaicin-pretreated animals, capsaicin (1 microM) only produced an inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions. Desensitization did not occur to this inhibitory effect. In preparations pre-exposed to capsaicin (1 microM, 1 h before), capsaicin (1-30 microM) produced a concentration-related inhibition of spontaneous contractions (IC50 = 19 microM) and of the high K+-induced tonic contraction (IC50 = 23 microM). A similar effect on spontaneous motility was produced by capsaicin in colonic segments excised from capsaicin-pretreated guinea-pigs (IC50 = 16 microM) or guinea-pigs treated with TTX (IC50 = 20 microM). It is concluded that, in vivo, capsaicin activates inhibitory reflexes, presumably due to stimulation of primary afferent fibres. This effect involves, at least in part, activation of sympathetic nerves to this organ. The contractile effect of capsaicin on the isolated colon involves activation of intramural cholinergic neurones, whereas the TTX-sensitive component of the inhibitory effect involves either release of an inhibitory transmitter through an axon reflex arrangement or activation of NANC neurones. In addition, at high concentrations capsaicin produces a direct depression of smooth muscle contraction.