gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of jets produced in association with aWboson inppcollisions ats=7  TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2012)

We report a study of final states containing a W boson and hadronic jets, produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC and comprise the full 2010 data sample of 36 pb 1 . Cross sections are determined using both the electron and muon decay modes of the W boson and are presented as a function of inclusive jet multiplicity, N jet , for up to five jets. At each multiplicity, cross sections are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum, the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of the charged lepton, missing transverse momentum, and all jets, the invariant mass spectra of jets, and the rapidity distributions of various combinations of leptons and final-state jets. The results, corrected for all detector effects and for all backgrounds such as diboson and top quark pair production, are compared with particle-level predictions from perturbative QCD. Leadingorder multiparton event generators, normalized to the next-to-next-to-leading-order total cross section for inclusive W-boson production, describe the data reasonably well for all measured inclusive jet multiplicities. Next-to-leading-order calculations from MCFM, studied here for N jet 2, and BLACKHAT-SHERPA, studied here for N jet 4, are found to be mostly in good agreement with the data.
Genetic inactivation of AKT1 , AKT2 , and PDPK1 in human colorectal cancer cells clarifies their roles in tumor growth regulation (2010)

Phosphotidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is altered in the majority of human cancers. To gain insight into the roles of members of this pathway in growth regulation, we inactivated AKT1 , AKT2 , or PDPK1 genes by targeted homologous recombination in human colon cancer cell lines. Knockout of either AKT1 or AKT2 had minimum effects on cell growth or downstream signaling. In contrast, knockout of both AKT1 and AKT2 resulted in markedly reduced proliferation in vitro when growth factors were limiting and severely affected experimental metastasis in mice. Unexpectedly, AKT1 and AKT2 appeared to regulate growth through FOXO proteins, but not through either GSK3β or mTOR. In contrast, inactivation of PDPK1 affected GSK3β and mTOR activation. These findings show that the PI3K signaling pathway is wired differently in human cancer cells than in other cell types or organisms, which has important implications for the design and testing of drugs that target this pathway.
Knock Sensor Based Virtual Cylinder Pressure Sensor (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Typically the combustion in a direct injected compression ignited internal combustion engine is open-loop controlled. The introduction of a cylinder pressure sensor opens up the possibility of a virtual combustion sensor which could enable closed-loop combustion control and thus the potential to counteract effects such as engine part to part variation, component ageing and fuel quality diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Closed-loop combustion control requires precise, robust and preferably cheap sensors. This paper presents a virtual cylinder pressure sensor based on the signal from the inexpensive but well proven knock sensor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The method used to convert the knock sensor signal into a pressure estimate included the stages: Phase correcting the raw signal, Filtering the raw signal, Scaling the signal to known thermodynamic laws and provided engine sensors signals and Reconstructing parts of the signal with other known models and assumptions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The modelled cylinder pressure shows high correlation with the measured pressure trace and it was concluded that it is possible to estimate many important combustion parameters - such as maximum pressure, mass fraction burned and total heat release.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Surface Modified Carbon Nanotubes in Imaging and Cancer Therapy (2022)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attained substantial focus, thanks to their particular characteristics, flexible modification chemistry, in addition to biological affinity in previous years. Functionalization of CNTs improves their solubility as well as bonding of suitable chemical moieties make them multifunctional for diagnostic and therapeutic usages. They play a very significant role as mediators and nanocarriers, counting imaging and cancer therapy. Their consumption in imaging applications establishes their prospective as exceptional agents along with other imaging techniques. CNTs have also being extensively employed in the delivery of immunotherapeutic molecules for instance antigen, peptide, anticancer drugs or nucleic acid.They could be carried into cancerous cells via CNTs proficiently. In this chapter, a recent update on applicability of multipurpose CNTs for imaging and cancer treatment has been presented. Precisely, we described how CNTs have been consumed as an influential supporter for fabricating effective contrast agents and as operative candidate intended for cancer therapy.
Supplementary Table 1 from Androgen Receptor Gene Aberrations in Circulating Cell-Free DNA: Biomarkers of Therapeutic Resistance in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Genome copy number calls for all patients.&lt;/p&gt;
LASER EXCITATION SPECTROSCOPY OF THE MONOMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL COMPLEXES OF CALCIUM, ZINC AND CADMIUM (1991)

Using a laser vaporization/photolysis technique, we have prepared metal monomethylcyclopentadienides $CaCH_{3}C_{5}H_{4}$, $ZnCH_{3}C_{3}H_{4}$, and $CdCH_{3}C_{5}H_{4}$, in a supersonic jet expansion and have recorded their electronic specta using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. A vibrational analysis of the first few low-lying electronic states of these organometallic molecules will be presented. This study represents the first gas-phase synthesis and spectroscopic observation of these half-sandwich free radicals."
Effect of Cellulose, Hemi-cellulose and Lignin Compositions in Woody and Grass Biomass on Pyrolysis Process (2008)

This paper reports on the pyrolysis process of various biomass materials in a thermobalance. In particular, the primary yields of total volatiles, tar and non-condensable gases, together with the composition of non-condensable gases, are measured as a function of temperature. The use of a high-intensity infrared heating source, in conjunction with a non-absorbing carrier gas (viz. argon), is reported to reduce the significance of secondary gas-phase pyrolysis reactions. The results indicate that the pyrolysis process of wood and grass biomass (tar and gas evolution process) is greatly affected by the main composition (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) and the linear trends with atomic H/C ratio are observed in the tar yield, total volatile yield CO, CO2 and CH4 yields. The volatile yields of wood and grass biomass are predicted based only on the values of ultimate analysis of the biomass.
Fabrication of Integrated Copper‐Based Nanoparticles/Amorphous Metal–Organic Framework by a Facile Spray‐Drying Method: Highly Enhanced CO2 Hydrogenation Activity for Methanol Synthesis (2021)

Abstract We report on Cu/amUiO‐66 , a composite made of Cu nanoparticles (NPs) and amorphous [Zr 6 O 4 (OH) 4 (BDC) 6 ] (amUiO‐66, BDC=1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate), and Cu‐ZnO/amUiO‐66 made of Cu‐ZnO nanocomposites and amUiO‐66 . Both structures were obtained via a spray‐drying method and characterized using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra, powder X‐ray diffraction and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure. The catalytic activity of Cu/amUiO‐66 for CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol was 3‐fold that of Cu/crystalline UiO‐66. Moreover, Cu‐ZnO/amUiO‐66 enhanced the methanol production rate by 1.5‐fold compared with Cu/amUiO‐66 and 2.5‐fold compared with γ‐Al 2 O 3 ‐supported Cu‐ZnO nanocomposites ( Cu‐ZnO/γ‐Al 2 O 3 ) as the representative hydrogenation catalyst. The high catalytic performance was investigated using in situ Fourier transform IR spectra. This is a first report of a catalyst comprising metal NPs and an amorphous metal–organic framework in a gas‐phase reaction.
Functionalisation of saturated hydrocarbons. Part 6. Selective oxidation of steroids and related compounds (1986)

The oxidation of a series of steroids by the Gif system gives, almost without exception, the 20-ketone as major isolated product. The side-chain cleavage is made more selective by modification of rings A or B. The oxidation of oleana-1,12-diene-3,11-dione has also been studied and the two principal products have been identified.
Liquids Level Calculation in Loaded Gas Wells from Surface Data Using Combined Analytical Modeling of Gaseous Static Liquids Gradient: Part 2 (2022)

Abstract As the second part of this series, we apply our much improved understanding of gas flow through static recirculating liquid columns and analytical countercurrent multiphase flow modeling to both conventional and unconventional horizontal gas well liquids loading and a deep dive of the process of wellbore liquids flow reversal post-loading. This part of our work focuses on a step change in understanding the aspect of multiphase flow that is most pertinent to artificial lift - countercurrent liquids loading and gas flow through liquid columns. It is shown that traditional concurrent flow principles and flow pattern maps used in prior commonly used flowing bottom hole pressure correlations do not apply and cannot explain the changing dual pressure gradient profiles in loaded gas wells as a result of flow reversal. Therefore, this work lays the foundation for a change in conversation and focus among the artificial lift community towards countercurrent and static liquid column multiphase flow behaviors prevalent in all liquids-producing gas wells. We show and field-validate a new computational ability to perform multiphase countercurrent liquids loading calculations that dynamically loads a gas well tubing/casing and the calculations of total pressure gradient that varies with the increasing gas holdup along the static liquid columns of these wells. Additionally, we analyze the process of countercurrent flow and put forward a redefinition of onset of liquids flow reversal in the proper context of prior studies in this field. Our results are used to simulate the liquid levels in loaded gas wells from only basic surface field data. This represents an advance towards low-cost, low-carbon gas well production optimization and the opportunity of simulation-based real-time downhole diagnostics to determine digital liquid levels and reliably accurate FBHP in loaded gas wells without the high-carbon costs of wellsite visits and equipment runs. In terms of reliable digital twin applications for gas wells producing liquids, our new method can be performed in an autonomous way on a wellhead - a sort of "gas well liquid level digital sensor" - a solution that takes advantage of available SCADA surface data and converts it to automated calculations of downhole pressures, flow rates and well liquid levels in response to dynamic well operating conditions. For the first time in the industry, we present in this work a simultaneous calculation of loaded gas well FBHP and gaseous liquids level from only surface data. In either cases of liquids loaded gas wells or pumping oil wells with gaseous liquid columns above them, the significant pressure gradient (delta-P) that gaseous liquid columns impose on the formation is of great importance in correctly understanding and analyzing well supply capacity and enhancing downhole production rates during production operations.
Efficacy and quality of ibuprofen and acetaminophen plus codeine analgesia1 (1985)

Ibuprofen, 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg acetaminophen plus 30 mg of codeine and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery patients with moderate to severe pain. The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of analgesia were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of pain intensity and pain relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of pain were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and ibuprofen was more effective than acetaminophen plus codeine, especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following ibuprofen. Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. Ibuprofen provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than acetaminophen plus codeine at comparable levels of pain relief. While decreases in the sensory component of pain were most highly associated with pain relief provided by ibuprofen, decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with pain relief following acetaminophen plus codeine. These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of pain could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in pain syndromes characterized by differing pain quality.
Impact of smoking and lung alterations on aging related manifestations in HIV patients (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> with the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, HIV seropositive patients live longer and develop aging related manifestations that affect the prognosis of the disease. Smoking may have a strong impact on these comorbidities. Aims: to determine whether smoking is associated with objectively identified aged related alterations in HIV patients and whether this phenomenon is amplified in smokers with lung alterations such as low diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). <b>Methods:</b> cross-sectional study in 237 HIV infected individuals (100 smokers, 137 nonsmokers) who underwent lung function test, bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass index) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, arterial stiffness (aortic pulse-wave velocity, PWV), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and renal function. <b>Results:</b> compared to nonsmokers, smokers had lower BMI, FEV1/FVC, DLCO, PaO2, BMI, BMD, and muscle mass. PWV, Insulin resistance and glomerular filtration rate were similar between smokers and nonsmokers. Among smokers, smokers with low DLCO (&lt;80%, n=60) had lower BMD and muscle mass compared to those with normal DLCO. No difference was observed regarding these parameters between smokers with normal DLCO and nonsmokers. Leucocytes count, fibrinogen, IL6 and CD4 cell count were higher in smokers compared to nonsmokers, and in smokers with low DLCO compared to those with normal DLCO. HIV viral load was not different between groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> In HIV patients, smoking was associated with a wasting phenotype combining muscle mass and bone mineral reduction, independently of HIV disease activity. This effect was mainly observed in smokers with lung alterations.
The Effect of Pervious Concrete on Water Quality Parameters: A Case Study (2019)

Stormwater is a leading source of pollutants that when transported to surface waters may damage aquatic habitat, decrease reservoir capacity, and contaminate drinking water. In order to evaluate whether a pervious concrete detention system can remove stormwater pollutants from the runoff, water quality was monitored at a site with both impervious asphalt and pervious concrete parking areas. The stormwater flowed across asphalt pavement before infiltrating into the pervious concrete and an aggregate sub-base below. The runoff was sampled exiting the asphalt but prior to entering the pervious concrete, and after it passed through the pervious concrete detention system, representing pre- and post-treatment sampling. Results showed statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) decreases in concentrations of total suspended solids, nitrite, chemical oxygen demand, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compared to untreated asphalt runoff. Zinc concentrations were apparently reduced, but not quite to statistically significant levels (p = 0.054). Values of pH and sulfate both showed statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) increases.
Interface of directly bonded GaAs and InP (2001)

The structure and composition of the interface of directly bonded GaAs and InP (001) wafers has been studied with various techniques in electron microscopy. For each interface three different dislocation networks have been identified and analyzed. They have been confirmed to accommodate the lattice mismatch, the tilt misfit between the two wafers, and the thermal misfit, respectively. Interdiffusion of both group-III and group-V elements takes place. Indium diffusion is enhanced by the Zn dopant and its segregation. The “cavities” at the interface, reported in the literature, have been found to be associated with indium depletion. In the case of inadequate surface preparation prior to bonding an amorphous layer of native oxide(s) forms at the interface. The actual bonding temperature Tb at which the atomic bonds construct locally across the two surfaces of the wafers is lower than the annealing temperature employed in the present experiments. It is therefore suggested that a better interface may be achieved by improving the preparation of the surfaces of the wafers with appropriate chemicals and by bonding the wafers at a lower temperature.
Science Update January 2002 (2002)

Caterpillars—Agents of Their Own Demise Bean Plants Repel Nematodes Unlocking the Keys to Cockroach Resilience Everything You Wanted To Know About Food Safety
Impact of sex and role of coronary artery disease in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest presenting with refractory ventricular arrhythmias (2023)

In OHCA patients presenting with refractory VA the prognosis was significantly poorer for male patients. The refractoriness of arrhythmic events in the male population was probably due to a more complex cardiovascular profile and in particular due to a pre-existing CAD. In females, OHCA with refractory VA were less frequent and no correlation with a specific cardiovascular risk profile was observed.
Comité Scientifique avis en réponse à la saisine HCB - dossier NL-2005-231. Paris, le 21 octobre 2015 (2015)

Le Haut Conseil des biotechnologies (HCB) a ete saisi le 17 juillet 2015 par les autorites competentes francaises (le ministere de l’Agriculture, de l’Agroalimentaire et de la Foret) d’une demande d’avis relative au dossier EFSA-GMO-NL-2005-23 de demande d’autorisation de mise sur le marche du mais genetiquement modifie 59122 pour la culture, l’importation, la transformation, l’alimentation humaine et animale. Ce dossier a ete depose conjointement par les societes Pioneer Hi-Bred International et Mycogen Seeds c/o Dow AgroSciences LLC sur le fondement du reglement (CE) n°1829/2003 aupres de l’Autorite europeenne de securite des aliments via les autorites competentes neerlandaises, sous la reference EFSA-GMO-NL-2005-23. Par cette saisine, les autorites competentes francaises consultent le HCB au stade ultime de la preparation au vote des Etats membres a la Commission europeenne. Le Comite scientifique (CS)2 du HCB a examine le dossier en seance du 24 septembre 2015 sous la presidence de Jean-Christophe Pages. Le present avis a ete adopte par voie electronique le 21 octobre 2015 et publie le 2 decembre 2015.
Data from Genetic Manipulation of Homologous Recombination <i>In Vivo</i> Attenuates Intestinal Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Although disruption of DNA repair capacity is unquestionably associated with cancer susceptibility in humans and model organisms, it remains unclear if the inherent tumor phenotypes of DNA repair deficiency syndromes can be regulated by manipulating DNA repair pathways. Loss-of-function mutations in &lt;i&gt;BLM&lt;/i&gt;, a member of the &lt;i&gt;RecQ&lt;/i&gt; helicase family, cause Bloom's syndrome (BS), a rare, recessive genetic disorder that predisposes to many types of cancer. BLM functions in many aspects of DNA homeostasis, including the suppression of homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. We investigated whether BLM overexpression, in contrast with loss-of-function mutations, attenuated the intestinal tumor phenotypes of &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;sup&gt;Min/+&lt;/sup&gt; and Apc&lt;sup&gt;Min/+&lt;/sup&gt;;Msh2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice, animal models of familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP). We constructed a transgenic mouse line expressing human BLM (&lt;i&gt;BLM-Tg)&lt;/i&gt; and crossed it onto both backgrounds. &lt;i&gt;BLM-Tg&lt;/i&gt; decreased adenoma incidence in a dose-dependent manner in our &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;sup&gt;Min/&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; model of FAP, although levels of GIN were unaffected and concomitantly increased animal survival over 50%. It did not reduce intestinal tumorigenesis in &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;sup&gt;Min/&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;;&lt;i&gt;Msh2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice. We used the pink-eyed unstable (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;sup&gt;un&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) mouse model to demonstrate that increasing BLM dosage &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; lowered endogenous levels of HR by 2-fold. Our data suggest that attenuation of the &lt;i&gt;Min&lt;/i&gt; phenotype is achieved through a direct effect of &lt;i&gt;BLM-Tg&lt;/i&gt; on the HR repair pathway. These findings demonstrate that HR can be manipulated &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; to modulate tumor formation at the organismal level. Our data suggest that lowering HR frequencies may have positive therapeutic outcomes in the context of specific hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes, exemplified by FAP. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 8(7); 650–6. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Surface Science and Model Catalysis with Ionic Liquid‐Modified Materials (2011)

Materials making use of thin ionic liquid (IL) films as support-modifying functional layer open up a variety of new possibilities in heterogeneous catalysis, which range from the tailoring of gas-surface interactions to the immobilization of molecularly defined reactive sites. The present report reviews recent progress towards an understanding of "supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)" and "solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL)" materials at the microscopic level, using a surface science and model catalysis type of approach. Thin film IL systems can be prepared not only ex-situ, but also in-situ under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions using atomically well-defined surfaces as substrates, for example by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Due to their low vapor pressure, these systems can be studied in UHV using the full spectrum of surface science techniques. We discuss general strategies and considerations of this approach and exemplify the information available from complementary methods, specifically photoelectron spectroscopy and surface vibrational spectroscopy.