gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure LTE-Based V2X Service (2017)

Internet of Things (IoT) is the reality of a new and powerful ubiquitous technology. One of its main driving forces is the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long-Term Evolution (LTE), seeking to encompass all the applications of IoT. With this trend, 3GPP has finally made the Release 14 for LTE-based vehicle to everything (V2X) service. In this proposed paper, we evaluated the new LTE-based V2X architecture in regards to V2X message delivery and security requirements. We showed that a proper resource allocation and reference point (channel) selection could accommodate all types of V2X message deliveries. However, focusing more on security, we deemed that LTE-based V2X security falls short of meeting adequate security requirements, especially, to well preserve the privacy. Hence, we proposed a privacy preserving security for LTE-based V2X service. Considering the privacy as the top security requirement, we seamlessly integrate our security scheme with the specified LTE security architecture. Our scheme is scalable while fulfilling basic wireless message security requirements. We also provide the security and performance analysis to show the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed schemes.
Asymptotic Results For Multidimensional Sensor Array Processing/sup 1/ (2005)

The problem of estimating signal parameters from the output of a sensor array is addressed. The Maximum Likelihood estimation procedure is a systematic approach to many parameter estimation problems. The deterministic ML method has been formulated and several methods for maximizing the cost function have been proposed, However, the asymptotic distribution of the estimation error has not been reported for the general case. The distribution will be derived in this pa- per. Multidimensional signal subspace methods have been proposed recently with advantages over conventional one- dimensional subspace methods. We examine the asymp- totic properties of a weigh" subspace fitting problem. A weighting matrix is proposed which gives the subspace fit- ting method the same asymptotic distribution as the ML method.
Matlab Simulation Toolset for SBAS Availability Analysis (2001)

This paper describes a set of MATLAB functions currently being developed for SBAS availability analysis. This toolset includes simulation algorithms that are constantly being developed and updated by various working groups. This set of functions is intended for use as a fast, accurate, and highly customizable experimental test bed for algorithm development. A user-friendly interface has also been developed for the tool. It is open source and can be downloaded from Stanford WAAS web site
MicroSplit: Efficient Splitting of Microservices on Edge Clouds (2022)

Edge cloud systems reduce the latency between users and applications by offloading computations to a set of small-scale computing resources deployed at the edge of the network. However, since edge resources are constrained, they can become saturated and bottlenecked due to increased load, resulting in an exponential increase in response times or failures. In this paper, we argue that an application can be split between the edge and the cloud, allowing for better performance compared to full migration to the cloud, releasing precious resources at the edge. We model an application's internal call-Graph as a Directed-Acyclic-Graph. We use this model to develop MicroSplit, a tool for efficient splitting of microservices between constrained edge resources and large-scale distant backend clouds. MicroSplit analyzes the dependencies between the microservices of an application, and using the Louvain method for community detection-a popular algorithm from Network Science-decides how to split the microservices between the constrained edge and distant data centers. We test MicroSplit with four microservice based applications in various realistic cloud-edge settings. Our results show that Microsplit migrates up to 60 % of the microservices of an application with a slight increase in the mean-response time compared to running on the edge, and a latency reduction of up to 800 % compared to migrating the entire application to the cloud. Compared to other methods from the State-of-the-Art, MicroSplit reduces the total number of services on the edge by up to five times, with minimal reduction in response times.
Foureye: Defensive Deception Against Advanced Persistent Threats via Hypergame Theory (2021)

Defensive deception techniques have emerged as a promising proactive defense mechanism to mislead an attacker and thereby achieve attack failure. However, most game-theoretic defensive deception approaches have assumed that players maintain consistent views under uncertainty. They do not consider players’ possible, subjective beliefs formed due to asymmetric information given to them. In this work, we formulate a hypergame between an attacker and a defender where they can interpret the same game differently and accordingly choose their best strategy based on their respective beliefs. This gives a chance for defensive deception strategies to manipulate an attacker’s belief, which is the key to the attacker’s decision-making. We consider advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks, which perform multiple attacks in the stages of the cyber kill chain (CKC) where both the attacker and the defender aim to select optimal strategies based on their beliefs. Through extensive simulation experiments, we demonstrated how effectively the defender can leverage defensive deception techniques while dealing with multi-staged APT attacks in a hypergame in which the imperfect information is reflected based on perceived uncertainty, cost, and expected utilities of both the attacker and defender, the system lifetime (i.e., mean time to security failure), and improved false-positive rates of intrusion detection.
Das Hervorbringen neuer molekularer Funktionen: ein Lehrstück der Natur (1999)

Die Natur macht es vor! Neue molekulare Funktionen entstehen, indem aus einem großen Pool chemischer Verbindungen mit hoher Diversität diejenigen mit den erforderlichen biologischen Eigenschaften selektioniert werden. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die Rekombination der Keimbahn-Gene, die zur Bildung von Antikörpern mit verbesserter Spezifität führt (siehe Schema). Chemiker, Biologen und Materialwissenschaftler wenden nun diesen kombinatorischen Ansatz mit großem Erfolg auf die Synthese von Molekülen an, die bislang unbekannte Eigenschaften aufweisen.
S-passivation of the Ge gate stack: Tuning the gate stack properties by changing the atomic layer deposition oxidant precursor (2011)

The passivation of the interface between Ge and the gate dielectric is a critical issue for the integration of Ge into next generation CMOS devices. GeO2 has recently garnered a lot of interest, but there is always a trade-off between low interface state densities and a low equivalent oxide thickness. In this paper we investigate the S-passivation of the Ge gate stack in which only 1 monolayer of S is needed in order to improve the interface properties of the gate stack. S-passivation is achieved via exposure of the clean Ge(100) surface to H2S. The high-k dielectric is deposited via atomic layer deposition. We show that the oxidant precursor type (H2O versus O3) will result not only in different growth behavior but also in different interface properties. The H2O based process results in low defect densities at the valence bandedge, whereas the O3 based process results in low defect densities at the conduction bandedge.
Adaptive cyberdefense for survival and intrusion tolerance (2004)

While providing some resistance against cyberattacks, current approaches to securing networked and distributed information systems are mainly concerned with static prevention measures. For example, signature-based systems can only detect known attacks and tend to provide brittle, all-or-nothing protection. New work in survivability and intrusion tolerance focuses on augmenting existing information systems with adaptive defenses. A middleware-based survivability toolkit lets applications use network-and host-based mechanisms in their own defense.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF 2‐(α‐METHYLALLYL)AZINES BY BUTENYL GRIGNARD REAGENT (1983)

Abstract Mit einer Isomerenreinheit von 99% erhält man die Verbindungen (II) und (III) beim Umsetzen der Brompyridine (I) bzw. von 2‐Brom‐chinolin mit l Äquiv.
High-Mobility Transparent Conducting Oxides for Compact Epsilon-Near-Zero Silicon Integrated Optical Modulators (2017)

We study the role of carrier mobility in transparent conducting oxides integrated into epsilon-near-zero modulators. High-mobility materials including CdO enable sub-micron length electroabsorption modulators through &gt;4dB/µm extinction ratios.
GEN-1 in Combination with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients with Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Phase I Dose-escalation Study (2021)

Adding GEN-1 to standard NACT is safe, appears active, and has an impact on the tumor microenvironment.
Novel algorithms for learning overcomplete dictionaries (2003)

Using a Bayesian framework based on an assumption of a convex/Schur-convex (CSC) log-prior, together with an associated affine-scaling transformation (AST) optimization algorithm, a signal vector, y, can be succinctly represented within a very overcomplete m/spl times/n dictionary of representation vectors a/sub i/, A=[a/sub 1/,...,a/sub n/], n/spl Gt/m, dictionary by obtaining a sparse solution, x, to the linear inverse problem Ax/spl ap/y/spl dot/. In this paper we outline how novel approximate maximum likelihood (AML) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) over-complete dictionary learning algorithms can be developed within the CSC/AST framework.
Reliable and Available Wireless Problem Statement (2019)

Due to uncontrolled interferences, including the self-induced
multipath fading, deterministic networking can only be approached on
wireless links. The radio conditions may change -way- faster than a
centralized routing can adapt and reprogram, in particular when the
controller is distant and connectivity is slow and limited. RAW
separates the routing time scale at which a complex path is recomputed
from the forwarding time scale at which the forwarding decision is
taken for an individual packet. RAW operates at the forwarded time
scale. The RAW problem is to decide, within the redundant solutions
that are proposed by the routing, which will be used for each
individual packet to provide a DetNet service while minimizing the
waste of resources.
Violation of Bell's Inequality over 4 km of Optical Fiber (1994)

Using energy correlated photon pairs created in parametric down-conversion we demonstrate two-photon interference effects in fiber interferometers separated by 4.3 km of optical fiber. The measured 86% interference visibilities confirm the purely quantum mechanical origin of these correlations.
ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT LYMPHOCYTE-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY (Ab-LMC), DEFINITION OF THE “K CELL” IN THE RAT (1976)

The nature and membrane characteristics of the "K cell" of antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (Ab-LMC) were investigated in a widely used rat model of transplantation. Treatment of sensitized effector cell populations with anti-immunoglobulin and complement eliminated K cell cytotoxicity without diminishing the component of T cell-mediated injury. EA and EAC depletion experiments, although demonstrating no loss of K cell cytotoxicity after removal of complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes, produced a marked abrogation of cytotoxicity following the removal of the Fc receptor-bearing lymphocyte pool. Studies on phagocytic properties showed K cell activity to be shared by an adherent as well as a nonadherent cell population. Thus, the Fc receptor emerged as the only constant surface marker of the rat K cell in Ab-LMC.
Performance of ultrafiltration membrane process combined with coagulation/sedimentation (2005)

Effects of coagulation/sedimentation as a pre-treatment on the dead-end ultrafiltration (UF) membrane process were studied in terms of membrane fouling and removal efficiency of natural dissolved organic matter, using Chitose River water. Two types of experiment were carried out. One was a bench scale membrane filtration with jar-test and the other was membrane filtration pilot plant combined with the Jet Mixed Separator (JMS) as a pre-coagulation/sedimentation unit. In the bench scale experiment, the effects of coagulant dosage, pH and membrane operating pressure on the membrane fouling and removal efficiency of natural dissolved organic matter were investigated. In the pilot plant experiment, we also investigated the effect of pre-coagulation/sedimentation on the membrane fouling and the removal efficiency of natural dissolved organic matter. Coagulation/sedimentation prior to membrane filtration process controlled the membrane fouling and increased the removal efficiency of natural dissolved organic matter.
Clinical and pharmacokinetic study of gemcitabine (GEM) - oxaliplatin (OXA) association in metastatic or locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2004)

2059 Background: Combination of gemcitabine (GEM) with oxaliplatin (OXA) is among the most active chemotherapy for advanced and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Based on preclinical data, a supra-additive effect was observed when tumor cells were exposed to GEM first and to OXA 24 h later. Study aim was to evaluate clinical benefits and tolerability of GEM-OXA association in MTS/LA pancreatic carcinoma. By administering sequence-dependent combinations of the two drugs (GEM d1-OXA d2 or OXA d1-GEM d2), pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions were also evaluated. Methods: 30 patients (median age 60.7 yr; ECOG PS = 1) affected by MTS (67%) or LA pancreatic carcinoma (33%) were enrolled. Pts received GEM 1,000 mg/m2 as 10 mg/m2/min infusion and OXA 100 mg/m2 as 2 h infusion q 2 wks (median cycles/patient = 10). For PK study, 15 patients (28 cycles) were enrolled following two alternated protocols: A (GEM-OXA) (9 pts, 16 cycles) received 1st-3rd-5th cicle GEM on day 1 and OXA on day 2; B (OXA-GEM) (6 pts, 12 cycles) received OXA in 2nd-4th-6th cycle on day 1 and GEM on day 2. Results: 30 pts were evaluable for response and toxicity. Response rate was 30%, superimposable in LA and MTS pts; 50% of patients had clinical benefit. Median PFS and OS were 5.5 and 9.5 months, with 40% of pts alive at 1 year. Grade 3/4 toxicity per patient: 10% neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, 13% nausea/vomiting, 7% diarrhea and 10% peripheral neuropathy. By evaluating GEM and OXA PK parameters in arms A and B, no statistically significant difference was revealed between two protocols (Mann-Whitney test). GEM AUC and Cl (A vs B, p 0.84 and 0.87); OXA tot AUC and Cl (p 0.87 and 0.80); OXA ultr AUC and Cl (p 0.91 and 0.84). Pt though level progressively accumulated, from 1st to 6th cycle (Cmin 74.7–321.35 ng/ml). Conclusions: This phase II study showed that biweekly GEM-OXA as a first line chemotherapy in MTS/LA pancreatic carcinoma is well tolerated and has a excellent clinical activity. PK profile of both drugs does not show statistically significant differences between GEM-OXA and OXA-GEM alternate schedules. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Grail: context-aware fixing of concurrency bugs (2014)

Writing efficient synchronization for multithreaded programs is notoriously hard. The resulting code often contains subtle concurrency bugs. Even worse, many bug fixes introduce new bugs. A classic example, seen widely in practice, is deadlocks resulting from fixing of an atomicity violation. These complexities have motivated the development of automated fixing techniques. Current techniques generate fixes that are typically conservative, giving up on available parallelism. Moreover, some of the techniques cannot guarantee the correctness of a fix, and may introduce deadlocks similarly to manual fix, whereas techniques that ensure correctness do so at the expense of even greater performance loss. We present Grail, a novel fixing algorithm that departs from previous techniques by simultaneously providing both correctness and optimality guarantees. Grail synthesizes bug-free yet optimal lock-based synchronization. To achieve this, Grail builds an analysis model of the buggy code that is both contextual, distinguishing different aliasing contexts to ensure efficiency, and global, accounting for the entire synchronization behavior of the involved threads to ensure correctness. Evaluation of Grail on 12 bugs from popular codebases confirms its practical advantages, especially compared with existing techniques: Grail patches are, in general, >=40% more efficient than the patches produced by other techniques, and incur only 2% overhead.
Optimizing Color-Matching Functions for Individual Observers Using a Variation Method (2000)

This paper describes the optimization of the color matching functions (cmfs) of an individual observer based on metameric pairs using a variation method. This is a so much simplified method for estimating rough and ready cmfs of an individual observer in comparison with past experiments. Experiments have been performed using measured metamer spectral data.
Deteriorated A‐C Powder EL Cell Brightness Recovery (1982)

It was found that deteriorated a‐c powder EL cell brightness could be recovered by heat‐treatment. The recovered brightness depends on the heat‐treatment temperature and time. The activation energy of the recovery process was 0.3 eV, which coincided with that of the deterioration.
Polymeric Microfluidic Platforms for Immunodetection. (2001)

SAMLAB
Interchain Delocalization of Photoinduced Neutral and Charged States in Nanoaggregates of Lengthy Oligothiophenes (2001)

Photoluminescence (PL) and photoinduced absorption (PIA) spectroscopy measurements were performed on two lengthy oligothiophenes, G3-T11-G3 and G3-T17-G3, doubly end-substituted with third generation poly-benzyl ether dendrons. These oligothiophenes form well-defined nanoaggregates in dichloromethane solution upon cooling. The molecularly dissolved and aggregated phases interconvert reversibly in a narrow temperature range. PL and PIA spectroscopy were used to investigate the optical signatures of photoexcited singlet, triplet, and charged states as a function of aggregation. The extent of aggregation could be controlled by varying the temperature. Both the fluorescence and the triplet absorption spectra of the aggregated phase were significantly bathochromically shifted when compared to the spectra of the isolated molecules in solution. These bathochromic shifts indicate that interchain delocalization of the singlet and triplet photoexcitations occurs within the dendritic nanoassemblies. Charged states of G3-T11-G3 and G3-T17-G3 were selectively created by photoexcitation in the presence of an external electron acceptor (tetracyanoethylene). The principal absorption bands of the charged states shift to lower energy upon aggregation. Surprisingly, new high-energy bands are observed in the PIA spectrum of the aggregated phase. These transitions are clear signatures of two-dimensionally delocalized polaronic charge carriers within the nanoaggregates (i.e. intermolecular delocalization over the constituent molecules within the aggregate).
Proteomic characterization of ovarian cancers identifying annexin‐A4, phosphoserine aminotransferase, cellular retinoic acid‐binding protein 2, and serpin B5 as histology‐specific biomarkers (2012)

Numerous studies have suggested that the different histological subtypes of ovarian carcinoma (i.e. clear cell, endometrioid, mucinous, and serous) have distinct clinical histories and characteristics; however, most studies that have aimed to determine biomarker have not performed comprehensive analyses based on subtype specificity. In the present study, we performed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based differential proteomic analysis of the different histological subtypes of ovarian carcinoma using tissue specimens from 39 patients. Seventy-seven protein spots (55 unique proteins) were found to be up- or downregulated in a subtype-specific manner. The most significant difference was observed for: (i) annexin-A4 (ANXA4) and phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT1), which are expressed strongly in clear cell carcinoma; (ii) cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), which is expressed specifically in serous carcinoma; and (iii) serpin B5 (SPB5), which is upregulated in mucinous carcinoma. Validation of these candidates by western blotting using a 34 additional test sample set resulted in an expression pattern that was consistent with the screening and revealed that differential expression was independent of cancer stage or tumor grade within each subtype. Thus, the present study reinforces the notion that ovarian cancer subtypes can be clearly delineated on a molecular basis into four histopathological groups, and we propose that ANXA4, PSAT1, CRABP2, and SPB5 are candidate subtype-specific biomarkers that can help define the basis of tumor histology at a molecular level.
Supplementary Methods, Figure 1, Table 1 from BIBF 1120: Triple Angiokinase Inhibitor with Sustained Receptor Blockade and Good Antitumor Efficacy (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figure 1, Table 1 from BIBF 1120: Triple Angiokinase Inhibitor with Sustained Receptor Blockade and Good Antitumor Efficacy
Primary System Detection for Cognitive Radio: Does Small-Scale Fading Help? (2007)

We consider the effect of small-scale fading on the detection of weak signals in cognitive radio systems. We formulate a model for the detection problem taking fading into account, and give the associated likelihood ratio tests. Additionally we give an expression for the asymptotic detection performance and use this to consider the tradeoff between the detection performance and the coherence time and bandwidth of the channel.
Fabrication of Polycaprolactone Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Using Selective Laser Sintering (2004)

Tissue engineering combines principles of the life sciences and engineering to replace and repair damaged human tissue. Present practice generally requires the use of porous, bioresorbable scaffolds to serve as temporary 3D templates to guide cell attachment, differentiation, proliferation, and subsequent regenerate tissue formation. Such scaffolds are anticipated to play an important role in allowing physicians to simultaneously reconstruct and regenerate damaged human tissue such as bone, cartilage, ligament and tendon. Recent research strongly suggests the choice of scaffold material and its internal porous architecture significantly influence regenerate tissue structure and function. However, a lack of versatile biomaterials processing and fabrication methods capable of meeting the complex geometric and compositional requirements of tissue engineering scaffolds has slowed progress towards fully testing these promising findings. It is widely accepted that layered manufacturing methods such as selective laser sintering (SLS) have the potential to fulfill these needs. Our research aims to investigate the viability of using SLS to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), one of the most widely investigated biocompatible, bioresorbable materials for tissue engineering applications. In this work, we report our recent progress on porous scaffold design and fabrication, optimal SLS processing parameter development using systematic factorial design of experiments, and structural characterization via optical microscopy.
Iridoid Glycosides from the Leaves of Morinda citrifolia (2001)

A new iridoid glucoside (1), named citrifolinoside A, was isolated from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia along with the known iridoids asperuloside and asperulosidic acid. The structure of 1 was established by interpretation and full assignments of NMR spectroscopic data.