gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strong ceramic foams from polyurethane templates (2004)

The most conventional manufacturing route for ceramic foams with open cells consists of coating reticulated polyurethane foams. The resulting material has well defined cell size, but suffers from low mechanical strength owing to the presence of hollow struts. As a result, the performance and utilisation of ceramic foams manufactured by this method are limited in certain applications. One solution to overcoming this inherent disadvantage is to use a stronger ceramic coating material and to ameliorate the wetting of the polyurethane template. Such a material is reaction bonded Al2O3 (RBAO), which has high mechanical strength as a result of its fine grain structure, with less or even without glassy phases at the grain boundaries. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of producing strong ceramic foams by using a reaction bonded modified replica technique starting from polyurethane templates varying in both composition and cell size distribution.
Novel treatment options for Bouveret’s syndrome: a comprehensive review of 61 cases of successful endoscopic treatment (2016)

In Bouveret's syndrome, a biliary stone obstructs the duodenum. Surgical treatment is plagued by high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, endoscopic treatment has become a first-line approach. Areas covered: A literature search of Medline and Google Scholar databases was performed using the terms endoscopic treatment, non-operative treatment, Bouveret's syndrome, and gallstone ileus. Sixty-one cases of successful endoscopic treatment were found over the period 1978-2016 and are summarized herein. Therapeutic modalities used in 52 patients with complete success included mechanical lithotripsy (40% of cases), electrohydraulic lithotripsy (21% of cases), extraction of the intact stone and laser lithotripsy (15% of cases each), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and duodenal stenting (4% of cases each). In the remaining 9 patients, stone fragments migrated distally and required surgical removal. Cholecystectomy was performed in five (8.2%) of 61 patients and gallbladder cancer was detected in three (4.9%) patients. Expert commentary: Meticulous preparation, including that of instruments, personnel, patient anesthesia, and X-ray availability, is key to success in this unusual situation. Partial success (stone fragmentation and mobilization to another location) may render surgery easier as these patients present with dense adherences in the right upper quadrant. Cholecystectomy is reserved for highly selected patients (e.g. relapsing ileus, gallbladder cancer).
An Environmental Data Set for Vector-Borne Disease Modeling and Epidemiology (2014)

Understanding the environmental conditions of disease transmission is important in the study of vector-borne diseases. Low- and middle-income countries bear a significant portion of the disease burden; but data about weather conditions in those countries can be sparse and difficult to reconstruct. Here, we describe methods to assemble high-resolution gridded time series data sets of air temperature, relative humidity, land temperature, and rainfall for such areas; and we test these methods on the island of Madagascar. Air temperature and relative humidity were constructed using statistical interpolation of weather station measurements; the resulting median 95th percentile absolute errors were 2.75°C and 16.6%. Missing pixels from the MODIS11 remote sensing land temperature product were estimated using Fourier decomposition and time-series analysis; thus providing an alternative to the 8-day and 30-day aggregated products. The RFE 2.0 remote sensing rainfall estimator was characterized by comparing it with multiple interpolated rainfall products, and we observed significant differences in temporal and spatial heterogeneity relevant to vector-borne disease modeling.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF A MIXTURE OF NUCLEOSIDE TRIPHOSPHATES FROM YEAST RNA: USE IN ENZYMIC SYNTHESIS REQUIRING NUCLEOSIDE TRIPHOSPHATE REGENERATION AND CONVERSION TO NUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHATE SUGARS (1983)

Abstract Es wird eine einfache Methode zur Umwandlung von Hefe‐RNA in ein Gemisch aus ATP, UTP, GTP und CTP beschrieben.
A Scaffold‐Tree‐Merging Strategy for Prospective Bioactivity Annotation of γ‐Pyrones (2010)

Auf der Suche nach einem Ziel: Die Überlagerung von verzweigten Gerüstbäumen für Naturstoffe und synthetische Verbindungen mit bekannter biologischer Aktivität (siehe Schema) ist eine neue Strategie zur Identifizierung vielversprechender Zielproteine für Substanzbibliotheken, deren Strukturen sich von Naturstoffen ableiten. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis and electronic properties of poly (E, E)‐[6.2]‐(2,5) thiophenophane‐1,5‐diene) (1994)

Abstract Cationic cyclopolymerization of ( E, E )‐[6.2]‐(2,5) thiophenophane‐1,5‐diene ( 2 ) gave polymer 3 which has bridged thiophene rings pendant to the polymer backbone. The structural, thermal, and electronic properties of polymer 3 were compared to those of its benzene analogue ( 1 ) and its nonbridged analogue poly (2‐vinylthiophene) ( 5 ). The onsets of thermal degradation for polymers 3 and 5 under helium were 425 and 382°C, respectively. Polymer 3 exhibited conductivity in the 10 −3 −10 −4 S/cm range when exposed to iodine vapor, four orders of magnitude higher than for 5 treated in the same manner. Apparent energies of activation for conductivity in iodine saturated polymers 3 (0.57 eV) and 5 (0.61 eV) were calculated from conductivity temperature dependence measurements. Conductivity parameters for iodine saturated 3 show both a higher level of conductivity and weaker temperature dependence than for the corresponding cyclopolymer 1 which has benzene rather than thiophene moieties, suggesting that greater charge generation occurs in 3 , due to the lower oxidation potential of the thiophenophane repeat units. Differences in conductivity behavior for iodine saturated polymers 1, 3 , and 5 are discussed in terms of both charge generation and mobility. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Homoconjugation in 7-boranorbornene and 7-boranorbornadiene: comparison with the isoelectronic 7-norbornenyl and 7-norbornadienyl cations (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomoconjugation in 7-boranorbornene and 7-boranorbornadiene: comparison with the isoelectronic 7-norbornenyl and 7-norbornadienyl cationsJerome M. Schulman, Raymond L. Disch, Paul v. R. Schleyer, Michael Buehl, Matthias Bremer, and Wolfram KochCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 20, 7897–7901Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00046a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00046a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views254Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Limits in Proton Nuclear Singlet‐State Lifetimes Measured with para‐Hydrogen‐Induced Polarization (2016)

The synthesis of a hyperpolarized molecule was developed, where the polarization and the singlet state were preserved over two controlled chemical steps. Nuclear singlet-state lifetimes close to 6 min for protons are reported in dimethyl fumarate. Owing to the high symmetry (AA'X<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub> ' and A<sub>2</sub> systems), the singlet-state readout requires either a chemical desymmetrization or a long and repeated spin lock. Using DFT calculations and relaxation models, we further determine nuclear spin singlet lifetime limiting factors, which include the intramolecular dipolar coupling mechanism (proton-proton and proton-deuterium), the chemical shift anisotropy mechanism (symmetric and antisymmetric), and the intermolecular dipolar coupling mechanism (to oxygen and deuterium). If the limit of paramagnetic relaxation caused by residual oxygen could be lifted, the intramolecular dipolar coupling to deuterium would become the limiting relaxation mechanism and proton lifetimes upwards of 26 min could become available in the molecules considered here (dimethyl maleate and dimethyl fumarate).
112 Gb/s PM-QPSK transmission up to 6000 km with 200 km amplifier spacing and a hybrid fiber span configuration (2011)

We demonstrate transmission of 112 Gb/s PM-QPSK signals over a system with 200 km span lengths. Amplification is provided by hybrid backward-pumped Raman/EDFA amplifiers and reach lengths up to 6000 km for an 8 channel system and 5400 km for a 32 channel system are shown. As a means of maximizing OSNR, a simple hybrid fiber span configuration is used that combines two ultra-low loss fibers, one having very large effective area.
Food Safety Considerations and Research Priorities for the Cultured Meat and Seafood Industry (2021)

Cell-cultured meat and seafood offer a sustainable approach to meet the world’s increasing demand for protein in a climate-changed world. A responsible, data-driven approach to assessing and demonstrating safety of cell-cultured meat and seafood can support consumer acceptance and broad distribution; helping to fully realize the potential of these products. A thorough demonstration of food safety requires a description and understanding of the process steps during cell-cultured meat and seafood manufacture to identify potential hazards, their exposure, and related safety requirements related to the inputs, by-products, and ultimately the consumption of the final product. For this review, the authors worked with 50 cultured meat and seafood companies to co-develop a modular manufacturing process diagram, portraying the majority of cell-cultured meat and seafood production processes currently in development. This diagram serves as a framework to identify potential manufacturing hazards and product safety testing requirements. A series of workshops were held with industry representatives and cell-cultured meat researchers to substantiate the accuracy and validity of the diagram. This review identifies potential hazards and where they may occur during product development and manufacture, then evaluates where existing safety assessment approaches, drawn from related fields, may be relevant for cell-cultured meat and seafood products. From this, current knowledge gaps and research priorities were identified regarding the safety of cell-cultured meat and seafood products.
13C and 1H two‐dimensional NMR characterization of the sodium perchlorate complex of a new tetraoxatetraaza lipophilic cage ligand (1986)

Abstract 13 C and 1 H NMR characterization of the sodium perchlorafe complex of a new tetraoxatetraaza lipophilic cage ligand (1) derived from 1,7‐dioxa‐4,10‐diazacyclododecane has been performed. 1 H homonuclear correlated and 1 H J ‐resolved two‐dimensional experiments allowed the recognition of resonances due to different types of OCH 2 CH 2 N fragments, and of those of the hydrogens of the bridging chains. 13 C resonances have been assigned on the basis of a 13 C 1 H heteronuclear correlated two‐dimensional experiment, together with the 13 C NMR spectra of the synthetic precursors of 1. 13 C spin‐lattice relaxation times and NOE measurements established that the unique relaxation mechanism is dipole‐dipole; the calculated rotational correlation times indicated that molecular reorientation is isotropic. 13 C spectra and relaxation times obtained in different solvents showed that specific solute‐solvent interactions are absent.
Use of high intensity focused ultrasound for localized activation of thermosensitive liposomes for drug delivery. (2011)

Localized drug delivery holds great promise in improving drug efficacy in cancer treatment. Newly developed temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) loaded with doxorubicin have been shown to release their payload with mild hyperthermia near their phase transition temperature (Tm = 43–45 °C). In the present work, high intensity focused ultrasound is used to induce the required temperature elevation for the release of the drug from TSLs. A theoretical model based on Pennes’ bioheat equation was initially used to calculate the conditions for temperature elevation in fluids and tissue phantoms under conditions for drug activation. Acoustic pressures of 1–2 MPa at the focus with varying duty cycle (typically 50%) at 1 MHz frequency were calculated. Measurements of temperature rise were found in good agreement with our theoretical predictions. Fluorescence measurements were used to assess the release of free doxorubicin that exhibits higher fluorescence intensity than the liposomal formulation. In vitro experiments of drug delivery using doxorubicin-loaded TSLs and HIFU were performed with BLM and U-87 MG cancer cells that were seeded in Opticell™ chambers or suspended in polystyrene cuvettes. Trypan blue cell viability assay was used to evaluate the drug release and uptake. Ultrasound-induced TSL activation increased cell mortality considerably.
Recent development of temperature compensated SAW Devices (2011)

This paper reviews recent progress of temperature compensated surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices for wireless communications. First, temperature compensation techniques based on the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> deposition and the wafer bonding are explained, and their implementation into real devices are discussed. Finally, we will show how high performances have been realized by the use of these technologies.
Oleate stimulation of incorporation of exogenous glycerol into cardiolipin in isolated perfused rat heart does not involve direct activation of the CDP–DG pathway (1995)

Oleate has been shown previously to stimulate the in vitro activity of phosphatidylglycerol-phosphatase, an important enzyme in the cytidine-5'-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin biosynthesis. In this study the in vivo effect of oleate on the biosynthesis of new phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin was investigated in the heart. Hearts were perfused for 60 min with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing [1,3-3H]glycerol and 0.6 mM albumin in the absence or presence of 0.6 or 1.2 mM oleate. Total incorporation of radioactivity was higher in the oleate-treated hearts compared with controls and this was due to an exclusive incorporation of radioactive glycerol into the organic phase. Also, the radioactivity incorporated into phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin was higher in the oleate-treated hearts compared with controls; however, the increase was greater in hearts perfused with 0.6 mM oleate compared with 1.2 mM oleate, indicating that pathophysiological concentrations of oleate may attenuate the oleate-induced stimulation of glycerol incorporation into polyglycerophospholipids. The pool size of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin were unchanged in oleate-perfused hearts compared with controls. To investigate if the biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin via the cytidine-5'-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway was authentically stimulated by oleate hearts were pulse labeled for 15 min with 0.1 mM [1,3-3H]glycerol and subsequently chased for 60 min with 0.1 mM glycerol in the absence or presence of 0.6 mM oleate in the perfusate. Radioactivity incorporated into phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin was unchanged compared with controls. Our data indicate that oleate increases the incorporation of exogenous glycerol into polyglycerophospholipids but not accelerate synthesis from prelabeled precursor pools. Accordingly, oleate does not appear to stimulate directly enzymes of the cytidine-5'-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol pathway in vivo.
Derivation of transfer function of LLC current resonant converter using numerical calculation (2017)

Among various converters, the LLC electric current resonant converter attracts attention because of high power density, low noise and high efficiency. However, this converter cannot apply the analysis of averaging method, and impossible to derivate the transfer function, so designing is difficult. In this study, we devised a method to derive a frequency response characteristic with a transfer function type using based on the way of thinking of averaging method, and succeeded expressing transfer function of the bode diagram which agreed with actual survey. Moreover, we derived poles from the transfer function, and showed the relation between the shape of the bode plots and poles.
Novel photochromic cholesteric liquid crystal siloxane (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNovel photochromic cholesteric liquid crystal siloxaneL. V. Natarajan, T. J. Bunning, H. E. Klei, R. L. Crane, and W. W. AdamsCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 24, 6554–6556Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00024a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00024a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel High Capacity Oligomers for Low Cost CO2 Capture (2010)

Page Not Found - If you're seeing this page, it's because the URL you requested cannot be located. It might not exist or maybe you mistyped it into your browser. But, if you think it's our mistake, please let us know. Otherwise, you have a few options: try using our navigation bar at the top of this page, visit our home page, or browse our products below. - Homepage Basic Content,
Marine Natural Occurring 2,5-Diketopiperazines: Isolation, Synthesis and Optical Properties (2014)

Seven 2,5-diketopiperazines (DKPs) were isolated from the Fijian marine sponge Acanthella cavernosa. NMR and circular dichroism (CD) comparison with synthetic L-L DKPs allowed us to determine unambiguously the L-L absolute configuration of the natural DKPs. This work initiated the setting up of an optical properties database of natural DKPs, including specific rotation and CD.\n
‘Intellectuality and Surface Culture’ The Respectability of Dissent, 1840–1859 (1995)

Respectability had become, by the mid-19th century, the great idol of the middle and upper working classes. The obsession with respectability was the product of a hierarchical yet mobile society in which substantial sections of every class sought to emulate the lifestyle and manners of those above them and to distance themselves from those they imagined to be beneath them. The working-class correspondents to the Nonconformist in 1848 despised the cult of respectability, but to many skilled workers respectability was as much the goal of their endeavours as it was of the bourgeoisie. The conventions of respectability were flouted at one end of the social scale by members of the upper class whose wealth, social position, and self-confidence obviated the need to imitate anyone else, and at the other end by those people whose economic conditions were so depressed that they despaired of ever being able to improve their lot.
Magnetoelectric bending-mode structure based on Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 fiber laminates (2011)

A magnetoelectric (ME) bending-mode structure based on Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O(3) fiber laminates has been studied. This bending mode had a fundamental resonance (FBR) of about 210 Hz, which was much lower than that of the longitudinal mode. Near the FBR, the ME voltage coefficient was about 400 V/cm·Oe. Magnetic sensors based on this bending mode had an equivalent magnetic noise floor of ≤ 0.3 pT/√Hz at f = 210 Hz.
Rigorous connection between physical properties of porous rocks (1998)

Rigorous cross‐property bounds that connect the effective thermal conductivity k * (or the electrical conductivity σ * ) and the effective bulk modulus K * of any isotropic, two‐phase composite were recently derived by the authors. Here we reformulate these bounds and apply them to porous rocks with dry or fluid‐filled pores. It is shown that knowledge of the effective conductivity can yield sharp estimates of the effective bulk modulus (and vice versa), even in cases where there is a wide disparity in the phase properties. The bounds yield, in particular, relations between the formation factor and the bulk modulus of the porous medium. By using the same approach we obtain new relations between the bulk moduli of a dry porous material and the bulk modulus of the same material with fluid‐filled pores that are more general than the traditional Gassmann equation. The Gassmann formula for the bulk modulus of the fluid‐saturated porous medium is shown to correspond to a lower bound on this quantity. Limiting cases that we consider include cracked materials with dry and fluid‐saturated pores. Theoretical results are tested against experimental measurements of the effective bulk modulus of dry and water‐saturated Westerly granite and sandstone samples. We found good agreement between our cross‐property bounds and the experimental data, even when the experimental data depart from the Gassmann formula. Our results add new insight to understanding of the properties of the porous media. They show that the Gassmann approximation works well for rocks with high porosity but needs to be corrected for rocks with high crack‐type porosity.