gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Blue Multiresonance TADF Emitters with a Narrow Emission Band (2021)

In this study, we synthesized and characterized multiple resonance (MR) type blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. Unlike many boron-based MR-TADF materials, the blue TADF emitters of this work had an asymmetric molecular structure with one boron, one oxygen, and one nitrogen. The aromatic units linked to the nitrogen were changed into diphenylamine, carbazole, dimethylacridine, and diphenylacridine to manage the light emission properties of the emitters. The TADF emitters exhibited a blue emission due to the weak electron-donating oxygen atom and the emission color was controlled by the aromatic unit connected to the nitrogen. The simple diphenylamine unit was effective in achieving real deep-blue emission for the BT2020 standard with a high external quantum efficiency (EQE), while the electron-rich nitrogen-based dimethylacridine and diphenylacridine accelerated the reverse intersystem crossing for high EQE and small EQE roll-off. Among the emitters, a diphenylamine-substituted emitter, 7-(<i>tert</i>-butyl)-9-phenyl-9<i>H</i>-5-oxa-9-aza-13b-boranaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene (B-O-dpa), showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 16.3%, a small full width at half-maximum of 32 nm, and a real deep-blue color coordinate of (0.15, 0.05).
Nano-scale ultraviolet laser-induced ferroelectric surface domains in lithium niobate (2006)

In this contribution we are reporting all-optical poling, or direct domain inversion induced by light without an applied electric field, in lithium niobate. Potential advantages of such a technique are the reduction of fabrication steps, removing the need for photolithography, and allowing the domain microstructuring to be directly defined by the illumination pattern alone. This may lead to smaller domain sizes as compared with electric field poling which is currently limited to domain sizes of several micrometers.
Joint and Marginal Eigenvalue Distributions of (Non)Central Complex Wishart Matrices and PDF-Based Approach for Characterizing the Capacity Statistics of MIMO Ricean and Rayleigh Fading Channels (2007)

This paper characterizes the eigenvalue distributions of full-rank Hermitian matrices generated from a set of independent (non)zero-mean proper complex Gaussian random vectors with a scaled-identity covariance matrix. More specifically, the joint and marginal cumulative distribution function (CDF) of any subset of unordered eigenvalues of the so-called complex (non)central Wishart matrices, as well as new simple and tractable expressions for their joint probability density function (PDF), are derived in terms of a finite sum of determinants. As corollaries to these new results, explicit expressions for the statistics of the smallest and largest eigenvalues, of (non)central Wishart matrices, can be easily obtained. Moreover, capitalizing on the foregoing distributions, it becomes possible to evaluate exactly the mean, variance, and other higher order statistics such as the skewness and kurtosis of the random channel capacity, in the case of uncorrelated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Ricean and Rayleigh fading channels. Doing so bridges the gap between Telatar's initial approach for evaluating the average MIMO channel capacity (Telatar, 1999), and the subsequently widely adopted moment generating function (MGF) approach, thereby setting the basis for a PDF-based framework for characterizing the capacity statistics of MIMO Ricean and Rayleigh fading channels.
Localization from the Twisted Bilayer Dielectric Photonic Crystal Slabs (2022)

We designed and fabricate the on-chip twisted bilayer photonic crystal slabs that introduce moiré flat-bands and frequency-tuned Anderson-like light localization.
CD24 knockout prevents colorectal cancer in chemically induced colon carcinogenesis and in APCMin/CD24 double knockout transgenic mice (2014)

Increased expression of CD24 is seen in a large variety of solid tumors, including up to 90% of gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. Stable derivatives of SW480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells that overexpress CD24 proliferate faster, and increase cell motility, saturation density, plating efficiency, and growth in soft agar. They also produce larger tumors in nude mice as compared to the parental SW480 cells. Most significantly, even depletion of one copy of the CD24 allele in the APC(Min/+) mice of a transgenic mouse model led to a dramatic reduction in tumor burden in all sections of the small intestine. Homozygous deletion of both CD24 alleles resulted in complete abolishment of tumor formation. Moreover, CD24 knockout mice exhibited resistance to chemically induced inflammation-associated CRC. Finally, a new signal transduction pathway is suggested: namely, CD24 expression downstream to COX2 and PGE2 synthesis, which is directly regulated by β-catenin. CD24 is shown in vitro and in vivo as being an important oncogene in the gut, and one that plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis.
A computer system performance analysis expert system (EXPERFORM) (1990)

The authors have constructed an expert system, called EXPERFORM, which can be used to diagnose and propose counterplans for performance problems on NEC's ACOS-4 series. EXPERFORM exploits the expert's knowledge in the form of production rules, frames, and predicates. Most effort was placed on the study of human expert analysis methods and on organizing the knowledge structure. The diagnosis and proposed counterplan knowledge are categorized into three layers of production rules. Rules in each layer correspond to a certain kind of knowledge. To control rule-block implementation, a blackboard mechanism is employed. To accelerate rule execution, two approaches were utilized. EXPERFORM has been released and has been evaluated at several user sites. Its performance is estimated to be that of a human expert with three years' experience.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ground-referenced single-ended system-on-package (2023)

A system of interconnected chips comprising a multi-chip module (MCM) includes a first processor chip, a system function chip, and an MCM package configured to include the first processor chip and the system function chip. The first processor chip is configured to include a first ground-referenced single-ended signaling (GRS) interface circuit. The system function chip is configured to include a second GRS interface circuit. A first set of electrical traces are fabricated within the MCM package and coupled to the first GRS interface circuit and to the second GRS interface circuit. The first GRS interface circuit and second GRS interface circuit together provide a communication channel between the first processor chip and the system function chip.
Water-dispersible microgel modified with methacryloyl groups by ionic bonding on the surface and the photopolymer microgel (2000)

A novel water-dispersible reactive microgel, which had a diameter of 40–90 nm, was synthesized for photopolymer materials. The microgels have segments with substituted ammonium groups, to provide water solubility, in their polymer networked structure. It has unsaturated groups connected to the quaternary nitrogens by ionic bonding (I-type microgel). The I-type microgel was compared with one that has methacryloyl groups connected with the quaternary nitrogens of the microgel by covalent bonding (C-type microgel). The I-type microgels were able to separately control the modified amount of quaternary nitrogen and methacryloyl group. In the presence of 2,4-diethylthioxantone as a photoinitiator and pentaerthritol triacrylate as a crosslinker, the photopolymer containing the C-type or I-type microgels had sensitivity high enough for practical use. Not only the amount of the methacryloyl group of the microgel but the amount of the quaternary nitrogen affected the sensitivity and the rate of polymerization of the water-dispersible photopolymer containing the I-type microgels. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defective Ni Perovskites as Cathode Materials in Intermediate-Temperature Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells: A Structure−Properties Correlation (2009)

Four oxides belonging to the perovskite series of nominal stoichiometry LaNi1−xMoxO3, x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 (LNMO), have been tested as cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The electrodes were supported on a 300-μm-thick pellet of the electrolyte La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.83Mg0.17O3−δ (LSGM) with Sr2MgMoO6 (SMMO) as the anode and LNMO as the cathode. The test fuel cells gave a maximum power density of 660 mW/cm2 at 850 °C and 565 mW/cm2 at 800 °C for the x = 0.25 cathode material and exhibited high cyclability and low cathodic overpotential losses with pure H2 as fuel. All the cathode materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical conductivity measurements while the test fuel cell cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray data indicate that all the cathode materials exhibit a perovskite phase with an additional impurity phase present in LNMO x = 0.20, 0.25 materials. Molybdenum (Mo)-poor LNMO x = 0.10 exhibits a purely metallic behavior in the 120−800 °C temperature range, while Mo-rich LNMO, x = 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25, are semiconducting. Additionally, analysis of in situ temperature-dependent neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data from LNMO x = 0.20 at 25 and 800 °C in air reveal that it possesses a rhombohedral structure (R3c̅ space group) with a crystallographic formula La0.98(1)Ni0.88(3)Mo0.12(3)O2.78(3) and a nominal oxidation state for Ni of 2.16+, which points to the presence of a Ni(III)/Ni(II) redox couple in the cathode materials at the working temperature of the cell (800 °C). The Ni(III)/Ni(II) redox energy at the top of the O 2p bands accounts for a good electronic conductivity of polaronic nature of approximately 30 S·cm−1 at 800 °C. NPD data also showed a measurable oxygen deficiency of approximately 0.2 oxygen atoms per formula unit exhibiting large thermal factors, which accounts for the good oxygen mobility expected in a mixed ion−electronic conductor (MIEC) oxide. The excellent properties of LaNi1−xMoxO3−δ cathodes, especially for x = 0.25, with long-term stability and low cathodic overpotential losses make them potential electrode materials for the first generation of cobalt-free intermediate-temperature SOFCs, with power densities exceeding the target of 500 mW/cm2 at 800 °C in pure H2 as a fuel.
Time Domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography Can Increase Small-Animal Imaging Throughput (2012)

Employing multiple time-bins in the image reconstruction of a time-domain fluorescence tomography dataset provides improved spatial resolution and contrast. Furthermore, these gains can be used to minimize tissue sampling and reduce imaging duration.
Characterization of the Aspergillus parasiticus Δ12-desaturase gene: a role for lipid metabolism in the Aspergillus–seed interaction (2004)

In the mycotoxigenic oilseed pathogens Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and the model filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives act as important developmental signals that affect asexual conidiospore, sexual ascospore and/or sclerotial development. To dissect the relationship between lipid metabolism and fungal development, an A. parasiticus Delta(12)-desaturase mutant that was unable to convert oleic acid to linoleic acid and was thus impaired in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis was generated. The Delta(12)-desaturase mutant demonstrates delayed spore germination, a twofold reduction in growth, a reduced level of conidiation and complete loss of sclerotial development, compared to the wild-type. Host colonization is impaired, as reflected by a decrease in conidial production on live peanut and corn seed by the mutant compared to the wild-type. Similarly, the previously isolated A. nidulans Delta(12)-desaturase mutant has reduced colonization capabilities compared to the wild-type. Therefore, desaturation mutants display a key requisite that affords a genetic solution to oilseed crop contamination by mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species: a reduction in the production of conidia, the infectious particle of the pathogenic aspergilli.
Single-step Simple Solvothermal Synthetic Approach to Ultrafine MgO Nanocrystals Using High-temperature and High-pressure Acetonitrile (2017)

A single-step synthetic method was developed to obtain ultrafine MgO nanocrystals by ultimately simple solvothermal treatment of a precursor solution containing magnesium acetylacetonate in acetonitrile at 400 °C for 10 min. HRTEM images and calculations based on Scherer equation showed that the average size of obtained ultrafine MgO nanocrystals was ca. 7 nm.
[2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition eines Iminoborans an einen Methylen‐Titan‐Komplex (1985)

[2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition of an Iminoborane to a Methylene‐Titanium Coordination Compound The iminoborane t BuB  N t Bu ( 1c ) reacts with the short‐lived titanaethene H 2 C  TiCp 2 ( 3 ) to give the 1‐aza‐2‐bora‐4‐titanacyclobutane 4c by [2 + 2]‐cycloaddition. A corresponding reaction with the more reactive iminoboranes 1a, b, d is indicated by NMR data.
Quantitative analysis of chromosomal CGH in human breast tumors associates copy number abnormalities with p53 status and patient survival (2001)

We present a general method for rigorously identifying correlations between variations in large-scale molecular profiles and outcomes and apply it to chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization data from a set of 52 breast tumors. We identify two loci where copy number abnormalities are correlated with poor survival outcome (gain at 8q24 and loss at 9q13). We also identify a relationship between abnormalities at two loci and the mutational status of p53. Gain at 8q24 and loss at 5q15-5q21 are linked with mutant p53. The 9q and 5q losses suggest the possibility of gene products involved in breast cancer progression. The analytical techniques are general and also are applicable to the analysis of array-based expression data.
Abstract 13405: Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities, Albuminaria, and Atrial Fibrillation Incidence: the ARIC Study (2013)

Background: Microvascular abnormalities seen in the retina and assessed in the kidneys as micro-albuminuria may be associated with microvascular abnormalities in coronary beds. Their relationship w...
Capacity Approaching Low Density Spreading in Uplink NOMA via Asymptotic\n Analysis (2019)

Low-density spreading non-orthogonal multiple-access (LDS-NOMA) is considered\nwhere $K$ single-antenna user-equipments (UEs) communicate with a base-station\n(BS) over $F$ fading sub-carriers. Each UE $k$ spreads its data symbols over\n$d_k&lt;F$ sub-carriers. We aim to identify the LDS-code allocations that maximize\nthe ergodic mutual information (EMI). The BS assigns resources solely based on\npathlosses. Conducting analysis in the regime where $F$, $K$, and ${d_k,\\forall\nk}$ converge to $+\\infty$ at the same rate, we present EMI as a deterministic\nequivalent plus a residual term. The deterministic equivalent is a function of\npathlosses and spreading codes, and the small residual term scales as\n$\\mathcal{O}(\\frac{1}{\\min(d_k^2)})$. We formulate an optimization problem to\nget the set of all spreading codes, irrespective of sparsity constraints, which\nmaximize the deterministic EMI. This yields a simple resource allocation rule\nthat facilitates the construction of desired LDS-codes via an efficient\npartitioning algorithm. The acquired LDS-codes additionally harness the small\nincremental gain inherent in the residual term, and thus, attain near-optimal\nvalues of EMI in the finite regime. While regular LDS-NOMA is found to be\nasymptotically optimal in symmetric models, an irregular spreading arises in\ngeneric asymmetric cases. The spectral efficiency enhancement relative to\nregular and random spreading is validated numerically.\n
Sparse regularized total least squares for sensing applications (2010)

This paper focuses on solving sparse reconstruction problems where we have noise in both the observations and the dictionary. Such problems appear for instance in compressive sampling applications where the compression matrix is not exactly known due to hardware non-idealities. But it also has merits in sensing applications, where the atoms of the dictionary are used to describe a continuous field (frequency, space, angle, ...). Since there are only a finite number of atoms, they can only approximately represent the field, unless we allow the atoms to move, which can be done by modeling them as noisy. In most works on sparse reconstruction, only the observations are considered noisy, leading to problems of the least squares (LS) type with some kind of sparse regularization. In this paper, we also assume a noisy dictionary and we try to combat both noise terms by casting the problem into a sparse regularized total least squares (SRTLS) framework. To solve it, we derive an alternating descent algorithm that converges to a stationary point at least. Our algorithm is tested on some illustrative sensing problems.
The Observation of Large Concentric Shell Fullerenes and Fullerene-like Nanoparticles in Laser Pyrolysis Carbon Blacks (2000)

It has been shown that carbon blacks produced by iron carbonyl-catalyzed CO2-laser pyrolysis of benzene (laser pyrolysis carbon blacks) are characterized by a two-level nanostructure, i.e., they consist of amorphous carbon nanoparticles 30−40 nm in size and fullerene molecules where the fullerenes are predominantly represented by C60. Heat treatment of the blacks at 3000 °C causes restructurization with the appearance of fullerene-like multishell nanoparticles of ∼20 nm in size, higher fullerenes, and multishell fullerenes. Unlike classical fullerenes, which have a cage structure and are known to have been synthesized in a variety of sizes (C60, C70, C84, C102, etc.), multishell fullerenes have a cage-inside-cage structure. Direct transmission electron microscopy observation of the cage-inside-cage clusters shows the occurrence of at least three varieties: two-shell 14-Å-sized C60@C240, two-shell 20-Å-sized (C240@C560), and also three-shell 20-Å-sized (C80@C240@C560).
Delay Analysis of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors (2012)

In this letter, we analyze the carrier transit delay in graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs).The extraction of the intrinsic delay provides a new way to directly estimate carrier velocity from the experimental data, while the breakdown of the total delay into intrinsic, extrinsic, and parasitic components can offer valuable information for optimizing RF GFET structures.
A quinoidal bis-phenalenyl-fused porphyrin with supramolecular organization and broad near-infrared absorption (2015)

A bis-phenalenyl-fused porphyrin has been synthesized by thermal dehydro-aromatization reaction regioselectively as a single syn-isomer. X-ray crystal structure revealed that both phenalenyl units of this porphyrin have close π-π contacts forming continuous network of interacting porphyrin rings. A broad and intense NIR absorption can be attributed to quinoidal character of bis-phenalenyl-fused porphyrin.
Ultra-low-power semiconductors for wireless vital signs early warning systems (2011)

Most patients in hospital have measurements of their ‘vital signs’ taken and recorded only intermittently, thus deterioration can occur to a point of serious consequence before it is recognised. New technologies are being developed which allow increased surveillance of patients&apos; status without the inconvenience of being physically attached to immobile monitoring systems, and thus allowing patients to move around their rooms and floor areas. The implementation of a small, low-cost, ultra-low-power and disposable vital signs monitor is described, made possible by the development of a semiconductor SoC – Sensium – which implements all of the required electronic functionality in a few square millimetres of silicon.
Cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 inactivation immortalize primary oral keratinocytes by a telomerase-independent mechanism (2001)

The immortalization of human cells is a critical step in multistep carcinogenesis. Oral-esophageal carcinomas, a model system to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying squamous carcinogenesis, frequently involve cyclin D1 overexpression and inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor. Therefore, our goal was to establish the functional role of cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 inactivation in the immortalization of primary human oral squamous epithelial cells (keratinocytes) as an important step toward malignant transformation. Cyclin D1 overexpression alone was found to induce extension of the replicative life span of normal oral keratinocytes, whereas the combination of cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 inactivation led to their immortalization. This study also demonstrates that immortalization of oral keratinocytes can be independent of telomerase activation, involving an alternative pathway of telomere maintenance (ALT).
Cooperative Critical Turning Point-Based Decision-Making and Planning for CAVH Intersection Management System (2021)

The intersection is a critical traffic problem from the perspective of safety and traffic efficiency. As wireless communication technology advances, vehicle infrastructure cooperative approaches have received increased attention. In this paper, we propose a cooperative critical turning point method to help the cooperation between vehicles and infrastructures to improve the traffic efficiencies. The idea of cooperative critical turning point improves the cooperation between connected automated vehicles, the surrounding traffic and roadside infrastructures in order to provide high efficiencies of the intersection. An intersection management system using such a method is implemented based on the framework of the connected automated vehicle highway system. Such system can efficiently allow a roadside infrastructure receives state information from vehicles, reserve the associated intersection time-space occupancy, and then provide decision-making and planning feedback to the vehicles. The vehicles covered by the system then adjust their trajectories to meet their assigned time slot. The study validates the proposed system that considers the uncertainties of the driving environment by formulating the problem into a POMDP problem and solves it using an online solver. Based on preliminary simulation experiments, the proposed strategy can significantly reduce travel delays, decrease stops and improve the sustainability of the traffic system.
Benefits of Treating Arteriovenous Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Retrospective Analysis of 14 Patients (2019)

The risk of treatment of brain AVMs in patients with HHT is quite low for appropriately selected patients with treatment individualized to radiosurgery, microsurgery, or a combination of embolization and microsurgery.
3D Beamforming With Massive Cylindrical Arrays for Physical Layer Secure Data Transmission (2019)

In this letter, a novel approach for physical layer security is implemented using massive cylindrical antenna arrays. A part of the arrays is used for transmitting a signal reliably from source to destination using highly directive beams. At the same time, the remaining part can be used to mitigate eavesdropping by transmitting a jamming signal through another directive beam toward the eavesdropper. In addition, the cylindrical arrays can mitigate the impact of malicious jamming by placing a null in the array pattern at the destination in the direction of the jammer. The results show that the proposed approach can lead to good jamming mitigation and high secrecy capacity in both 2D and 3D, even when there are errors in determining the location of the eavesdropper.