gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Bioavailable Octapeptide Gly-Ala-Hyp-Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro Stimulates Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Vascular Endothelial Cells (2010)

Gly-Ala-Hyp-Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro (GAXGLXGP, X: Hyp), an octapeptide contained in chicken collagen hydrolysate, inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity in vitro. Intestinal Caco-2 and bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were used to investigate whether the transported GAXGLXGP improves vascular function. When GAXGLXGP was added to the apical side of Caco-2 monolayers, the intact form of GAXGLXGP was released to the basolateral side without incorporation into the cells. This transport was energy-independent but was associated with tight junction permeability. GAXGLXGP was then added to BAECs, and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation was examined. GAXGLXGP at a concentration of 10 μM stimulated production of NO during a 1 h incubation. This event involved phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 without a change in the total eNOS protein level. These findings indicate that GAXGLXGP absorbed intact through the intestinal epithelium has direct effects on eNOS activity in vascular endothelial cells, leading to NO synthesis, thereby suggesting the potential for improvement in vascular function.
Denoising of non-stationary signals using optimized Karhunen-Loeve expansion (2002)

We show that denoising a non-stationary signal is possible by means of a Karhunen-Loeve (KL) expansion optimized by an entropy criterion. This criterion is used to segment the noisy signal and to choose the most parsimonious KL representation possible for each segment. The entropy of the KL coefficients for different window lengths determines the appropriate number and the lengths of the windows. To find the KL coefficients in each segment, a time-varying autocorrelation matrix is estimated using the evolutionary periodogram. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors needed in the expansion are computed from this matrix. The local eigenvectors are the basis for each segment. An estimate of the evolutionary spectrum of the signal is obtained from the KL expansion. Choosing the KL coefficients corresponding to the most significant eigenvalues and time-windowing are shown to constitute masking in the time-frequency plane. This masking permits the denoising of non-stationary signals corrupted by white noise.
Introduction générale : Emmanuel Macron et les territoires, un Président jacobin, girondin ou « en même temps jacobin et girondin (2020)

Spire est le dépôt institutionnel de la production scientifique de Sciences Po et contient le texte intégral des articles, ouvrages, chapitres d’ouvrages, working papers et communications dans des conférences de la communauté académique de Sciences Po.
Data from Results of the ADAPT Phase 3 Study of Rocapuldencel-T in Combination with Sunitinib as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Rocapuldencel-T is an autologous immunotherapy prepared from mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC), coelectroporated with amplified tumor RNA plus CD40L RNA. This pivotal phase III trial was initiated to investigate the safety and efficacy of a combination therapy dosing regimen of Rocapuldencel-T plus sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Patients received either Rocapuldencel-T plus standard of care (SOC) or SOC treatment alone. The primary objective compared overall survival (OS) between groups. Secondary objectives included safety assessments, progression-free survival (PFS), and tumor responses based on RECIST 1.1 criteria. Exploratory analyses included immunologic assessments and correlates with OS.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Between 2013 and 2016, 462 patients were randomized 2:1, 307 to the combination group and 155 to the SOC group. Median OS in the combination group was 27.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 23.0–35.9] and 32.4 months (95% CI, 22.5–) in the SOC group HR of 1.10 (95% CI, 0.83–1.40). PFS was 6.0 months and 7.83 months for the combination and SOC groups, respectively [HR = 1.15 (95% CI, 0.92–1.44)]. The ORR was 42.7% (95% CI, 37.1–48.4) for the combination group and 39.4% (95% CI, 31.6–47.5) for the SOC group. Median follow up was 29 months (0.4–47.7 months). On the basis of the lack of clinical efficacy, the ADAPT trial was terminated on February 17, 2017. Immune responses were detected in 70% of patients treated with Rocapuldencel-T, and the magnitude of the immune response positively correlated with OS. In addition, we report the survival-predictive value of measuring IL-12 produced by the DC vaccine and the observation that high baseline numbers of T regulatory cells are associated with improved outcomes in DC-treated patients, but are associated with poor outcomes in patients receiving SOC treatment. No serious adverse events attributed to the study medication have been reported to date.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Rocapuldencel-T did not improve OS in patients treated with combination therapy, although the induced immune response correlated with OS. Moreover, we identified two potential survival-predictive biomarkers for patients receiving DC based immunotherapy, IL-12 produced by the DC vaccine and higher numbers of T regulatory cells present in the peripheral blood of patients with advanced RCC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Network-Embedded Self-Tuning Cavity for WDM-PON Transmitter (2011)

A network-embedded self-tuning cavity is proved in WDM-PON transmission over 32 channels, with two-ONU simultaneous operation and downstream signal. Performance at 1.25 Gb/s are experimentally analyzed after 25 km and 50 km SSMF.
Effects of Natura 2000 on nontarget bird and butterfly species based on citizen science data (2019)

The European Union's Natura 2000 (N2000) is among the largest international networks of protected areas. One of its aims is to secure the status of a predetermined set of (targeted) bird and butterfly species. However, nontarget species may also benefit from N2000. We evaluated how the terrestrial component of this network affects the abundance of nontargeted, more common bird and butterfly species based on data from long-term volunteer-based monitoring programs in 9602 sites for birds and 2001 sites for butterflies. In almost half of the 155 bird species assessed, and particularly among woodland specialists, abundance increased (slope estimates ranged from 0.101 [SD 0.042] to 3.51 [SD 1.30]) as the proportion of landscape covered by N2000 sites increased. This positive relationship existed for 27 of the 104 butterfly species (estimates ranged from 0.382 [SD 0.163] to 4.28 [SD 0.768]), although most butterflies were generalists. For most species, when land-cover covariates were accounted for these positive relationships were not evident, meaning land cover may be a determinant of positive effects of the N2000 network. The increase in abundance as N2000 coverage increased correlated with the specialization index for birds, but not for butterflies. Although the N2000 network supports high abundance of a large spectrum of species, the low number of specialist butterflies with a positive association with the N2000 network shows the need to improve the habitat quality of N2000 sites that could harbor open-land butterfly specialists. For a better understanding of the processes involved, we advocate for standardized collection of data at N2000 sites.
Crystal Structure of Isotactic Poly((R,S)-3-methyl-1-pentene) (2015)

The synthesis and the crystal structure of isotactic poly((R,S)-3-methyl-1-pentene) (iP(R,S)3MP) are presented. The synthetic strategy based on hydrogenation of isotactic 1,2-poly(E-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene) has allowed for the preparation of a purely random copolymer of the two enantiomeric (R)- and (S)-3-methyl-1-pentene monomers. X-ray diffraction analysis and conformational and packing energy calculations have shown that chains of iP(R,S)3MP are in 4/1 helical conformation and are packed in a monoclinic unit cell with parameters a = 10.02 Å, b = 18.48 Å, c = 6.87 Å, and γ = 109.9° according to the space group P21/b or P21. A high degree of disorder is present in the crystals due to the random enchainment of the enantiomeric R and S monomeric units, whose chirality influences the handedness of the helical chains and the conformation assumed by the lateral groups. Disorder in the conformation of the lateral groups is also present. The crystal structure of the random copolymer iP(R,S)3MP is different from the tetragonal structure of the pure enantiomer homopolymer iP(S)3MP. This is due to different entropic effects, related to the presence of different types of disorder included in the crystals that drive crystallization in different packing modes. The crystal structure of iP(R,S)3MP provides an example of the effect of the chirality of side groups on the crystal packing and is an example of symmetry breaking in the structures of polymers.
AUC-based resolution in optical coherence tomography (2004)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an interferometric technique using the low coherence property of light to axially image at high resolution in biological tissue samples. Transverse imaging is obtained with two-dimensional scanning and transverse resolution is limited by the size of the scanning beam at the imaging point. The most common metrics used for determining the axial resolution of an OCT system are the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM), the absolute square integral (ASI), and the root-mean-square (RMS) width of the axial PSF of the system, where the PSF of an OCT system is defined as the envelope of the interference fringes when the sample has been replaced by a simple mirror. Such metrics do not take into account the types of biological tissue samples being imaged. In this paper we define resolution in terms of the instrument and the biological sample combined by defining a resolution task and computing the associated detectability index and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The detectability index was computed using the Hotelling observer or best linear observer. Results of simulations demonstrate that resolution is best quantified as a probability of resolving two layers, and the impact on resolution of variations in the index of refraction between the layers is clearly demonstrated.
Cell Signaling Pathways Elicited by Asbestos (1997)

Brooke T. Mossman, Steven Faux, Yvonne Janssen, Luis A. Jimenez, Cynthia Timblin, Christine Zanella, Jonathan Goldberg, Eric Walsh, Aaron Barchowsky, Kevin Driscoll, Cell Signaling Pathways Elicited by Asbestos, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 105, Supplement 5: Particle Toxicity (Sep., 1997), pp. 1121-1125
Evaluating alternative implementations for LDPC decoder check node function (2004)

Low density parity checks (LDPC) are a method of error detection and correction that are able to achieve near Shannon-limit channel communication. LDPC decoders involve a series of computations between two units, the check node and the bit node. In this paper we propose the use of an approximation unit to perform the check node operation. Additionally, we propose a ROM based look-up table (LUT) as a function approximation technique, to be used with an LDPC decoder. The paper shows that a ROM based LUT achieves better performance than using a piecewise linear approximation method to approximate the LDPC computation function. Furthermore, this paper shows that the ROM LUT method can gradually take over as the selected function approximation technique for computationally intensive demanding VLSI designs as the technology shifts to the nanometer era.
Mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers via stable free radical polymerization (1999)

Stable free radical polymerization has been used in the controlled synthesis of poly(2,5-bis[(4-butylbenzoyl)oxy]styrene), PBBOS. This “mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymer”, which has mesogenic units attached directly to the backbone in a side-on mode, has been found to exhibit thermotropic liquid crystallinity similar to more conventional main-chain architectures. Stable free radical polymerization of PBBOS consistently produced molecular weight distributions below the theoretical limiting polydispersity of 1.5 calculated for a conventional free radical polymerization process. Surprisingly, a comparison of the synthesis of polystyrene to the polymerization of PBBOS under nearly identical conditions showed that the PBBOS polymerized with a significantly higher reaction rate and monomer conversion efficiency. The nematic phase of these polymers was determined to be stable over the temperature range spanning the polymer glass transition temperature up to the temperature for thermal decomposition. The molecular arrangement of the PBBOS polymers was examined by wide-angle X-ray diffraction and is described here.
Impact of the Use of Xe on Electrical Properties in Magnetron-Sputtering Deposited Amorphous InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors (2013)

The use of heavier noble gases such as Xe instead of the lighter Ar during the magnetron sputtering deposition of amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide films is introduced to the fabrication of their thin-film transistors. Higher mobility in the Xe case is observed; typically, the saturation-region field-effect mobility is increased from ∼10 cm 2 V -1 s -1 in the Ar case to ∼13 cm 2 V -1 s -1 in the Xe case. The Hall mobility is also higher in the Xe case in the carrier density range of approximately 10 17 –10 18 cm -3 . These results suggest that the Xe sputtering can reduce film damage, and improve film quality.
Improved preparation of D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ: A new vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) imaging agent (2019)

1617 Objectives: Recently, a deuterated PET tracer, D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ (18F-9-O-hexadeutero-3-fluoropropoxyl-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine, targeting vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in the central nervous system has been reported (NMB 57,42-49, 2018). A typical HPLC purification method was used to remove chemical impurities in the product. To reduce the preparation time and simplify production process, we developed a solid phase extraction (SPE) purification method for the preparation of D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ. Methods: Three major chemical side products identified with LCMS were synthesized as calibration standards (Scheme 1). The preparation of D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ was optimized using different reaction conditions, specifically by employing different solvents (ACN, DMA, DMF and DMSO), reaction temperatures and reaction times. A SPE purification method was evaluated with different cartridges and different eluents (acetonitrile-water and ethanol-water). The influence of chemical impurities remaining after the SPE purification method in D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ product was evaluated by in vivo biodistribution with different concentrations of identified side products (Scheme 1) added. Results: Under a relatively mild fluorination reaction condition (130 ℃ for 10 min in DMSO), D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ was obtained in a high radiochemical conversion (89.7 ± 6.6%). A SPE purification was successfully implemented with a Sep-Pak® tC18 Plus Light cartridge with two steps elution: first stage: 10 mL 25% ethanol-water removed the hydroxy side product, 1; second stage: product, D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ was eluted with 2 mL 50% ethanol-water while keeping dimer side product, 3, on the cartridge. This process gave a good radiochemical yield (38.7 ± 10.5% dc) with chemical impurities at μg level (1, 34.7 ± 12.8 μg and 3, 4.4 ± 4.9 μg, respectively) and the radiochemical purity was higher than 99% (HPLC). There is no significant difference in brain uptake between HPLC purified D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ (no chemical impurities) and SPE purified D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ (different concentrations of chemical side products converted to human equivalent dose were compared) in mice (2.11 ± 0.28% ID/g vs 1.85 ± 0.09% ID/g, at 100-fold higher dose) (Table 1). Conclusion: We optimized labeling conditions for preparation of D6-[18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ and developed an easy SPE purification method. This method offers a short preparation time (35 min), simplicity in operation and ready applicability for clinical practice.
Direct Visualization of Laser-Driven Electron Multiple Scattering and Tunneling Distance in Strong-Field Ionization (2012)

Using a simple model of strong-field ionization of atoms that generalizes the well-known 3-step model from 1D to 3D, we show that the experimental photoelectron angular distributions resulting from laser ionization of xenon and argon display prominent structures that correspond to electrons that pass by their parent ion more than once before strongly scattering. The shape of these structures can be associated with the specific number of times the electron is driven past its parent ion in the laser field before scattering. Furthermore, a careful analysis of the cutoff energy of the structures allows us to experimentally measure the distance between the electron and ion at the moment of tunnel ionization. This work provides new physical insight into how atoms ionize in strong laser fields and has implications for further efforts to extract atomic and molecular dynamics from strong-field physics.
Fibrous Lesion of the Distal Femur Associated with Angular Deformity (1999)

Unilateral femoral angulation is uncommon. We describe two children with unilateral progressive distal femoral varus and limb-length discrepancy. These deformities were associated with a fibrous lesion involving the medial aspect of the distal femoral metaphysis. Both patients were 15 to 16 months old. In both, the deformity was progressive, resulting in excisional biopsy and osteotomy. The gross and microscopic appearance of both lesions was similar, and the histology was dense fibrous connective tissue. The patients' femoral alignment was maintained at follow-up of a minimum of 16-36 months. The etiology of these lesions is unknown; they are associated with progressive deformity and appear to respond well to surgical intervention.
A Safe Policy Learning-Based Method for Decentralized and Economic Frequency Control in Isolated Networked-Microgrid Systems (2022)

Multiple microgrids can be interconnected to form a networked-microgrid (NMG) system. In this paper, a data-driven decentralized economic frequency control method is proposed for isolated NMG systems. Based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MA-DRL) framework, each DRL agent controls the generator and energy storage system (ESS) in each microgrid of the NMG. For offline training stage, the optimal control strategy is learned by soft actor-critic (SAC) algorithm with a global reward, which aims to restore system frequency while considering economy. Besides, to satisfy system constraints and avoid high learning costs, a safety model scheme is designed and trained to support each DRL agent. Since the agents are trained in the centralized learning process at offline stage, they are able to coordinate in a decentralized manner for online application, which only requires local information to generate optimal control actions. Also, the trained safety model can be applied for online stage to monitor and guide online actions. Finally, numerical tests are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method under the variation of renewable generation and load demand.
IL-6 Trans-Signaling System in Intra-Amniotic Inflammation, Preterm Birth, and Preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes (2011)

Classic IL-6 signaling is conditioned by the transmembrane receptor (IL-6R) and homodimerization of gp130. During trans-signaling, IL-6 binds to soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R), enabling activation of cells expressing solely gp130. Soluble gp130 (sgp130) selectively inhibits IL-6 trans-signaling. To characterize amniotic fluid (AF) IL-6 trans-signaling molecules (IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp130) in normal gestations and pregnancies complicated by intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI), we studied 301 women during second trimester (n = 39), third trimester (n = 40), and preterm labor with intact (n = 131, 85 negative IAI and 46 positive IAI) or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM; n = 91, 61 negative IAI and 30 positive IAI). ELISA, Western blotting, and real-time RT-PCR were used to investigate AF, placenta, and amniochorion for protein and mRNA expression of sIL-6R, sgp130, IL-6R, and gp130. Tissues were immunostained for IL-6R, gp130, CD15(+) (polymorphonuclear), and CD3(+) (T cell) inflammatory cells. The ability of sIL-6R and sgp130 to modulate basal and LPS-stimulated release of amniochorion matrix metalloprotease-9 was tested ex vivo. We showed that in physiologic gestations, AF sgp130 decreases toward term. AF IL-6 and sIL-6R were increased in IAI, whereas sgp130 was decreased in PPROM. Our results suggested that fetal membranes are the probable source of AF sIL-6R and sgp130. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR revealed increased IL-6R and decreased gp130 expression in amniochorion of women with IAI. Ex vivo, sIL-6R and LPS augmented amniochorion matrix metalloprotease-9 release, whereas sgp130 opposed this effect. We conclude that IL-6 trans-signaling molecules are physiologic constituents of the AF regulated by gestational age and inflammation. PPROM likely involves functional loss of sgp130.
A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Phase 1b/2 study of the novel antimyostatin adnectin RG6206 (BMS-986089) in ambulatory boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (P5.431) (2018)

To assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the novel anti-myostatin adnectin RG6206 (BMS-986089) in a Phase 1b/2 study in ambulatory boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD; NCT02515669).
Communication Orale : "Biomatériaux d'électrodes pour la construction de biopiles" (2006)

5° Journées Maghreb-Europe : Les Matériaux et leurs Applications aux Dispositifs et Capteurs, MADICA 2006, Mahdia, Tunisie, 30 Octobre - 1er Novembre 2006
Iterative CT reconstruction using coordinate descent with ordered subsets of data (2016)

Image reconstruction based on iterative minimization of a penalized weighted least-square criteria has become an important topic of research in X-ray computed tomography. This topic is motivated by increasing evidence that such a formalism may enable a significant reduction in dose imparted to the patient while maintaining or improving image quality. One important issue associated with this iterative image reconstruction concept is slow convergence and the associated computational effort. For this reason, there is interest in finding methods that produce approximate versions of the targeted image with a small number of iterations and an acceptable level of discrepancy. We introduce here a novel method to produce such approximations: ordered subsets in combination with iterative coordinate descent. Preliminary results demonstrate that this method can produce, within 10 iterations and using only a constant image as initial condition, satisfactory reconstructions that retain the noise properties of the targeted image.