gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 1 kbit Josephson random access memory using variable threshold cells (1989)

The variable-thresholds cell has the advantages of simple structure and small size. In order to achieve nondestructive readout, rewriting has been carried out with peripheral circuits consisting of latching logic gates without any superconducting loop. OR-INVERT address decoders powered by a two-phase supply are used instead of the AND decoders of previous Josephson RAM chips. The 1 kbit (256*4 bit) RAM chip was fabricated using an Nb/Al-oxide/Nb tunnel junction technology with a 3 mu m design rule. Experimental results show no failure in the 1028 logic gates of the peripheral circuits, and only a 2% bit failure in the cell plane of 1024 bits. Total power dissipation of the chip, including peripheral logic circuits, is 1.9 mW. A preliminary measurement yields an access time of about 500 ps.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
G3 PhyloChip Analysis Confirms the Promise of Plant-Based Culture Media for Unlocking the Composition and Diversity of the Maize Root Microbiome and for Recovering Unculturable Candidate Divisions/Phyla (2018)

The rapid development of high-throughput techniques and expansion of bacterial databases have accelerated efforts to bring plant microbiomes into cultivation. We introduced plant-only-based culture media as a successful candidate to mimic the nutritional matrices of plant roots. We herein employed a G3 PhyloChip microarray to meticulously characterize the culture-dependent and -independent bacterial communities of the maize root compartments, the endo- and ecto-rhizospheres. An emphasis was placed on the preference of the growth of unculturable candidate divisions/phyla on plant-only-based culture media over standard culture media (nutrient agar). A total of 1,818 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were resolved representing 67 bacterial phyla. Plant-only-based culture media displayed particular affinity towards recovering endophytic over ectophytic rhizobacteria. This was shown by the slightly higher recovery of CFUs for endophytes on plant-only-based culture media (26%) than on standard culture media (10%) as well as the higher taxa richness and numbers of exclusive families of unculturable divisions/phyla. Out of 30 bacterial phyla (comprising >95% of the whole population), 13 were of a significantly higher incidence on plant-only-based culture media, 6 phyla of which were not-yet-cultured (Atribacteria, OP9; Dependentiae, TM6; Latescibacteria, WS3; Marinimicrobia, SAR406; Omnitrophica, OP3; BRC1). Furthermore, plant-only-based culture media significantly enriched less abundant and/or hard-to-culture bacterial phyla (Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Tenericutes). These results present conclusive evidence of the ability of plant-only-based culture media to bring the plant-fed in situ microbiome into the status of plant-fed in vitro cultures, and to widen the scope of cultivation of heretofore-unculturable bacterial divisions/phyla.
Optimal Transmit Spectra for HDSL2 under a Peak Frequency-Domain Power Constraint (1998)

We present a technique for designing optimal transmit spectra for the HDSL2 service subject to a peak power constraint in the frequency domain. The peak power constraint might be imposed either due to engineering considerations or in order to optimize the transmission under a fixed transmit spectral mask (the OPTIS mask, for example). Using the channel and interference transfer functions, SNR estimates, and the peak constraint, we set up and solve an optimization problem to maximize the capacity. Sizable gains in performance margins (or bit rates) result. Furthermore, by design, the spectra are spectrally compatible with other services. While the technique is quite general --- it does not depend on the exact choice of modulation scheme, for example --- it is also extremely simple and of low computational complexity. NOTICE This contribution has been prepared to assist standards Committee T1Telecommunications. This document is offered to the Committee as a basis for discussion and is no...
Reconfigurable computing: architectures and design methods (2005)

Reconfigurable computing is becoming increasingly attractive for many applications. This survey covers two aspects of reconfigurable computing: architectures and design methods. The paper includes recent advances in reconfigurable architectures, such as the Alters Stratix II and Xilinx Virtex 4 FPGA devices. The authors identify major trends in general-purpose and special-purpose design methods. It is shown that reconfigurable computing designs are capable of achieving up to 500 times speedup and 70% energy savings over microprocessor implementations for specific applications.
The effects of oral administration of silica nanoparticles on immunologic response to the food antigen (P3220) (2013)

Abstract With the recent development of nanotechnology, nanomaterial (NM) with particle size below 100 nm have been developed and applied in various kinds of fields. For example, amorphous silica nanoparticles (nSP) have been already used in various foods as anticaking agents. Under this circumstance, there is increasing the importance of ensuring the safety of NM in foods. We previously revealed that nSP can penetrate the intestinal barrier, however, did not induce significant general toxicity. On the other hand, when we are exposed nSP, many food antigens are also exposed simultaneously.Thus, to ensure the safety of nSP, it is important to evaluate the effects of the oral exposure to nSP on immune response to food antigen. Here, we evaluated the effects of oral administration of nSP with a diameter of 30 nm on immunologic response to the food antigen. C3H/HeJ mice were orally administrated OVA or OVA plus nSP on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. Seven days after last administration, we measured OVA-specific antibody levels. Significant induction of OVA-specific IgG levels wasnot observed in OVA group compared with control. On the other hand, the mice administrated OVA plus nSP had significantly increased OVA-specific IgG levels compared with control groups. These results suggested that oral administration of nSP induced the abrogation of immune tolerance to food antigen. Currently, we are trying to evaluate the relationship between nSP and induction of food allergy.
Molecular Mechanisms of Nemorosone-Induced Ferroptosis in Cancer Cells (2023)

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death-driven by excessive peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of membranes. A growing body of evidence suggests the induction of ferroptosis as a cutting-edge strategy in cancer treatment research. Despite the essential role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism, bioenergetics, and cell death, their function in ferroptosis is still poorly understood. Recently, mitochondria were elucidated as an important component in cysteine-deprivation-induced (CDI) ferroptosis, which provides novel targets in the search for new ferroptosis-inducing compounds (FINs). Here, we identified the natural mitochondrial uncoupler nemorosone as a ferroptosis inducer in cancer cells. Interestingly, nemorosone triggers ferroptosis by a double-edged mechanism. In addition to decreasing the glutathione (GSH) levels by blocking the System xc cystine/glutamate antiporter (SLC7A11), nemorosone increases the intracellular labile Fe<sup>2+</sup> pool via heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) induction. Interestingly, a structural variant of nemorosone (<i>O</i>-methylated nemorosone), having lost the capacity to uncouple mitochondrial respiration, does not trigger cell death anymore, suggesting that the mitochondrial bioenergetic disruption via mitochondrial uncoupling is necessary for nemorosone-induced ferroptosis. Our results open novel opportunities for cancer cell killing by mitochondrial uncoupling-induced ferroptosis.
FEM Simulation of Incremental Burring Process Using a Bar Tool (2009)

In this study, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) modeling of multistage incremental tube burring was carried out to confirm a significantly crucial process path for the bar-tool-assisted incremental tube burring process proposed in our former study. The tube burring model of an aluminum alloy tube, A5083-O, of 400 mm diameter and 6.0 mm thickness using a bar tool of 65 mm diameter was used in the simulation and analyzed using an explicit dynamic FE code. A ductile fracture damage analysis of the process is also performed in the simulation. The distributions of thickness reduction ratio, forming force at each stage and final burring height are compared with the experimental results. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the validity of this analysis model is confirmed.
Formation Kinetics Evaluation for Designing Sustainable Carbon Dioxide-Based Hydrate Desalination via Tryptophan as a Biodegradable Hydrate Promotor (2023)

Desalination using hydrates is a developing field, and initial research promises a commercially feasible approach. The current study proposes the natural amino acid, namely tryptophan, as a biodegradable gas hydrate promotor for desalination applications to speed up the hydrate formation process. Its kinetic behavior and separation capabilities with CO2 hydrates were investigated. The studies were carried out with varying concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%) of tryptophan at different experimental temperatures (274.15, 275.15, 276.15, and 277.15 K) at 3.5 and 4.0 MPa pressure and 1 wt.% brine concentration. The induction time, initial formation rates, gas uptake, and water recovery are characterized and reported in this work. Overall finding demonstrated that tryptophan efficiently acted as a kinetic hydrate promotor (KHP), and increased tryptophan quantities further supported the hydrate formation for almost all the studied conditions. The formation kinetics also demonstrated that it shortens the hydrate induction time by 50.61% and increases the 144.5% initial formation rate of CO2 hydrates for 1 wt.% addition of tryptophan at 274 K temperature and 4.0 MPa pressure condition. The study also discovered that at similar experimental conditions, 1 wt.% tryptophan addition improved gas uptake by 124% and water recovery moles by 121%. Furthermore, the increased concentrations of tryptophan (0.5–2 wt.%) further enhance the formation kinetics of CO2 hydrates due to the hydrophobic nature of tryptophan. Findings also revealed a meaningful link between hydrate formation and operating pressure observed for the exact temperature settings. High pressures facilitate the hydrate formation by reduced induction times with relatively higher formation rates, highlighting the subcooling effect on hydrate formation conditions. Overall, it can be concluded that using tryptophan as a biodegradable kinetic promotor considerably enhances the hydrate-based desalination process, making it more sustainable and cost-effective.
New Indices of Endothelial Function Measured by Digital Thermal Monitoring of Vascular Reactivity: Data from 6084 Patients Registry (2016)

<i>Background.</i> Endothelial function is viewed as a barometer of cardiovascular health and plays a central role in vascular reactivity. Several studies showed digital thermal monitoring (DTM) as a simple noninvasive method to measure vascular reactivity that is correlated with atherosclerosis risk factors and coronary artery disease. <i>Objectives.</i> To further evaluate the relations between patient characteristics and DTM indices in a large patient registry. <i>Methods.</i> DTM measures were correlated with age, sex, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 6084 patients from 18 clinics. <i>Results.</i> DTM vascular reactivity index (VRI) was normally distributed and inversely correlated with age (<i>r</i> = -0.21, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Thirteen percent of VRI tests were categorized as poor vascular reactivity (VRI < 1.0), 70 percent as intermediate (1.0 ≤ VRI < 2.0), and 17 percent as good (VRI ≥ 2.0). Poor VRI (<1.0) was noted in 6% of <50 y, 10% of 50-70 y, and 18% of ≥70 y. In multiple linear regression analyses, age, sex, and diastolic blood pressure were significant but weak predictors of VRI. <i>Conclusions.</i> As the largest database of finger-based vascular reactivity measurement, this report adds to prior findings that VRI is a meaningful physiological marker and reflects a high level of residual risk found in patients currently under care.
Cocoa Procyanidins Inhibit Proliferation and Angiogenic Signals in Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Following Stimulation by Low-Level H2O2 (2004)

Procyanidins extracted from cocoa play a role in the defense against oxidative stress, as well as in vascular and immune functions. We previously reported that pentameric procyanidins isolated from cocoa inhibit the expression of the tyrosine kinase ErbB2 gene, thus slowing the growth of cultured human aortic endothelial cells. We herein investigate the further consequences of such inhibition by cocoa procyanidins, particularly regarding the protein level in phosphorylation patterns and the effects on the proliferation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) following angiogenic stimulation with low-level H2O2. We report herein that both the pentameric and octameric procyanidin fractions of cocoa inhibit the proliferation of HDMECs, whereas the pentameric fraction modulates the activity of several crucial proteins in angiogenic signaling by altering their tyrosine phosphorylation. Similar to aortic endothelial cells, the pentameric procyanidin fraction down-regulates the expression of ErbB2 tyrosine kinase in HDMECs. In conclusion, we report evidence suggesting that polyphenols may influence endothelial growth signaling, thus affecting angiogenesis in vitro. If these observations are applicable in vivo, they suggest a beneficial effect for cells overexpressing ErbB2, such as in specific neoplasias
Chloroplast-derived anthrax and other vaccine antigens: their immunogenic and immunoprotective properties (2006)

Transgenic plants offer many advantages, including low cost of production (by elimination of fermenters), storage and transportation, heat stability, absence of human pathogens, protection of antigens in the stomach through bioencapsulation (when delivered orally), elimination of the need for expensive purification and sterile injections and generation of both systemic and mucosal immunity. Recent studies have demonstrated that chloroplast-derived anthrax-protective antigen elicits effective immune responses, develops neutralizing antibodies, confers complete protection against anthrax lethal toxin challenge and produces 360 million doses of vaccine in one acre of transgenic plants. Chloroplast-derived vaccine antigens are efficacious against bacterial, fungal, viral and protozoan pathogens.
Glutathione Peroxidase Enzyme Activity in Aging (2008)

This is the first study to examine the association between age and GPx activity in an older adult cohort with disability and chronic disease. These findings suggest that, after age 65, GPx activity declines with age in older women with disability. This decline does not appear to be related to diseases that have been previously reported to alter GPx activity. Longitudinal examination of GPx activity and other antioxidant enzymes in diverse populations of older adults will provide additional insight into age- and disease-related changes in these systems.
Optical link for cellular-telephone microcells (1995)

Cellular-telephone systems are expanding into the newly available frequency range of 1.8–2.2 GHz (existing U.S. systems operate in the 900-MHz band) and also are going to a microcell architecture to accommodate the increasing number of users. Fiber-optic links will be used to connect the microcells to the base station if cost and performance problems can be solved. The rf signals will be in an FM or digital (for the CDMA standard) format, but the optical links will use analog intensity modulation to keep the microcell equipment as simple as possible. Because of signal fading, interference signals, and the large number of rf channels, the performance requirement for these links is high (e.g., 67- to 82-dB intermodulation-free dynamic range with 1.25-MHz noise bandwidth for a CDMA system).1 Conventional direct or externally modulated analog links can barely reach the bottom end of this performance range at 2 GHz.
13C CP/MAS NMR Study of Cross-linked Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) on Surface of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (2008)

Abstract The highly dispersed property of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles can be retained for a long time in polar solvents. In this 13C CP/MAS NMR study, it is revealed that the surface PVP forms cross-linked structures during the synthesis of the nanoparticles.
A standing molecule as a coherent single-electron field emitter (2021)

The assembly of single-molecule devices with the help of the manipulation capability of scanning probe microscopes offers many opportunities for quantum- and nanotechnology. A key challenge is fabricating device structures that can overcome their attraction to the underlying surface and thus protrude from the two-dimensional flatlands of the surface. In my talk, I will report the fabrication of such a structure: we use the tip of a scanning probe microscope to lift a large planar aromatic molecule into an upright, standing geometry on a pedestal of two metal adatoms. This atypical upright orientation of the single molecule, whose stability can be understood as the result of a fine balance between chemical and dispersion forces, enables the system to function as a quantum dot and an on-demand coherent single-electron field emitter. If attached to the tip of the microscope, the standing molecule can also be applied as a sensitive quantum dot sensor. We anticipate that other metastable adsorbate configurations might also be accessible, thereby opening up the third dimension for the design of functional nanostructures on surfaces. Finally, we have made first steps into the direction of an autonomous robotic nanofabrication of single-molecule devices.
Comparative Analysis of 37 Acinetobacter Bacteriophages (2017)

Members of the genus <i>Acinetobacter</i> are ubiquitous in the environment and the multiple-drug resistant species <i>A. baumannii</i> is of significant clinical concern. This clinical relevance is currently driving research on bacterial viruses infecting <i>A. baumannii</i>, in an effort to implement phage therapy and phage-derived antimicrobials. Initially, a total of 42 <i>Acinetobacter</i> phage genome sequences were available in the international nucleotide sequence databases, corresponding to a total of 2.87 Mbp of sequence information and representing all three families of the order <i>Caudovirales</i> and a single member of the <i>Leviviridae</i>. A comparative bioinformatics analysis of 37 <i>Acinetobacter</i> phages revealed that they form six discrete clusters and two singletons based on genomic organisation and nucleotide sequence identity. The assignment of these phages to clusters was further supported by proteomic relationships established using OrthoMCL. The 4067 proteins encoded by the 37 phage genomes formed 737 groups and 974 orphans. Notably, over half of the proteins encoded by the <i>Acinetobacter</i> phages are of unknown function. The comparative analysis and clustering presented enables an updated taxonomic framing of these clades.
A decentralized approach to control civil structures (2005)

The mathematical modeling of civil structures is addressed. The decentralization of the structure to smaller components as well as the system control design using pole placement and neural networks are performed.
AMORD: A Deductive Procedure System (1978)

This research was conducted at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Support for the Laboratory's artificial intelligence research is provided in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research contract number N00014-75-C-0643.
Some Usability Considerations in Access Control Systems (2008)

Role-based access control is one the most popular models adopted in commercial security and identity management products. However creating and maintaining such systems have been proven to be not an easy task. In this paper we review several issues that affect the usability of RBAC systems and discuss the advantages and limitations of role mining, a popular topic in the research community, as mechanism to simplify usability.
Mathematical Model of Smoldering Combustion in a Carbonaceous Porous Medium Part 1 – Development of Pyrolysis and Combustion Models for a Cylindrical Geometry (2001)

In Part 1 of this two-part paper on the development of pyrolysis and combustion models for a carbonaceous porous medium, the methodology for elucidating the smoldering mechanism in a carbonaceous porous medium is described. The smoldering process was segregated into two major reaction zones – a pyrolysis zone and a combustion zone. Two independent models for a cylindrical geometry were developed: a steady-state two-dimensional model for the pyrolysis zone resulting in char formation, and a steady-state two-dimensional model for the combustion zone, i.e., char oxidation. The interface temperature between the two zones is defined as the temperature at which the pyrolysis is complete or the residual char ignites, which can be determined experimentally. In order to analyze the mechanism of smoldering combustion, the heat flux required for the smoldering to proceed in the pyrolysis zone (Q req ) and the heat flux (Q sup ) fed from the combustion zone into the pyrolysis zone were obtained from the models developed for any linear burn rate (LBR). Like temperature, these heat fluxes must be balanced at the interface between the two zones. The LBR corresponding to the intersect of Q req and Q sup can be used to determine the LBR, temperature and density profiles of the smoldering combustion of a cylindrical geometry.
Dissipation in Single-Crystal 3C-SiC Ultra-High Frequency Nanomechanical Resonators (2006)

The energy dissipation 1/Q (where Q is the quality factor) and resonance frequency characteristics of single-crystal 3C-SiC ultrahigh frequency (UHF) nanomechanical resonators are measured, for a family of UHF resonators with resonance frequencies of 295MHz, 395MHz, 411MHz, 420MHz, 428MHz, and 482MHz. A temperature dependence of dissipation, 1/Q ~ T^(0.3) has been identified in these 3C-SiC devices. Possible mechanisms that contribute to dissipation in typical doubly-clamped beam UHF resonators are analyzed. Device size and dimensional effects on the dissipation are also examined. Clamping losses are found to be particularly important in these UHF resonators. The resonance frequency decreases as the temperature is increased, and the average frequency temperature coefficient is about -45ppm/K.
1K1612 P51 Stretching actin filaments within cells enhances their affinity for the myosin II motor domain(Cell biology 1,The 49th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2011)

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Development of a novel multifocal lens using a polarization directed flat lens: possible candidate for a multifocal intraocular lens (2021)

We confirmed the multifocal function of the multifocal lens using a PDF lens. This lens can be used as a multifocal IOL in the future.