gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure 7 from Targeting the MYC and PI3K Pathways Eliminates Leukemia-Initiating Cells in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DN thymocytes (DN3 and DN4) show highest levels of c-Myc in comparison to DP and SP populations.&lt;/p&gt;
Arginine- and Lysine-Specific Polymers for Protein Recognition and Immobilization (2005)

Free radical polymerization of methacrylamide-based bisphosphonates turns weak arginine binders into powerful polymeric protein receptors. Dansyl-labeled homo- and copolymers with excellent water solubility are accessible through a simple copolymerization protocol. Modeling studies point to a striking structural difference between the stiff rodlike densely packed homopolymer 1 and the flexible copolymer 2 with spatially separated bisphosphonate units. Fluorescence titrations in buffered aqueous solution (pH = 7.0) confirm the superior affinity of the homopolymer toward oligoarginine peptides reaching nanomolar K(D) values for the Tat peptide. Basic proteins are bound almost equally well by 1 and 2 with micromolar affinities, with the latter producing much more soluble complexes. The Arg selectivity of the monomer is transferred to the polymer, which binds Arg-rich proteins 1 order of magnitude tighter than lysine-rich pendants of comparable pI, size, and (Arg/Lys vs Glu/Asp) ratio. Noncovalent deposition of both polymers on glass substrates via polyethyleneimine layers results in new materials suitable for peptide and protein immobilization. RIfS measurements allow calculation of association constants K(a) as well as dissociation kinetics k(D). They generally confirm the trends already found in free solution. Close inspection of electrostatic potential surfaces suggest that basic domains favor protein binding on the flat surface. The high specificity of the bisphosphonate polymers toward basic proteins is demonstrated by comparison with polyvinyl sulfate, which has almost no effect in RIfS experiments. Thus, copolymerization of few different comonomer units without cross-linking enables surface recognition of basic proteins in free solution as well as their effective immobilization on surfaces.
Low energy type II fiber Bragg gratings (2009)

Type II gratings are made with low energy ultrafast infrared pulses after the inscription of a type I grating. Type I grating structures help in the coupling of the radiation during the type II exposure and lower the threshold.
Influence of Velocity on Corrosion of Copper in Alkaline Chloride Solutions (1994)

It has been reported previously that the mechanism for the erosion-corrosion of copper (Cu) in seawater is the removal of protective layers by hydrodynamic shear. This hypothesis was tested by studying the anodic dissolution of Cu in aerated 3.5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions using a system designed to isolate the effect of surface shear stress. The experimental apparatus consisted of an axisymmetric impinging jet and disk electrode coupled with a scanning ellipsometer. This allowed a phenomenon occurring at a critical shear stress, such as removal of protective films, to be seen at a corresponding radial position. Enhancement of the corrosion rate, as measured electrochemically, was less than would have been caused by an increase in overall convective transport. The ellipsometer did not indicate the presence of any critical radius, even though the shear stress at the Cu electrode was an order of magnitude higher than the critical shear stress reported in the literature. Therefore, the critical shear stress previously reported in the literature could not be attributed to removal of protective layers by hydrodynamic shear.
Antigenic Composition of Borrelia burgdorferi during Infection of SCID Mice (2003)

The general concept that during infection of mice the Borrelia burgdorferi surface protein composition differs profoundly from that of tick-borne or in vitro-cultivated spirochetes is well established. Specific knowledge concerning the differences is limited because the small numbers of spirochetes present in tissue have not been amenable to direct compositional analysis. In this report we describe novel means for studying the antigenic composition of host-adapted Borrelia (HAB). The detergent Triton X-114 was used to extract the detergent-phase HAB proteins from mouse ears, ankles, knees, and hearts. Immunoblot analysis revealed a profile distinct from that of in vitro-cultivated Borrelia (IVCB). OspA and OspB were not found in the tissues of SCID mice 17 days after infection. The amounts of antigenic variation protein VlsE and the relative amounts of its transcripts were markedly increased in ear, ankle, and knee tissues but not in heart tissue. VlsE existed as isoforms having both different unit sizes and discrete lower molecular masses. The hydrophobic smaller forms of VlsE were also found in IVCB. The amounts of the surface protein (OspC) and the decorin binding protein (DbpA) were increased in ear, ankle, knee, and heart tissues, as were the relative amounts of their transcripts. Along with these findings regarding VlsE, OspC, and DbpA, two-dimensional immunoblot analysis with immune sera also revealed additional details of the antigenic composition of HAB extracted from ear, heart, and joint tissues. A variety of novel antigens, including antigens with molecular masses of 65 and 30 kDa, were found to be upregulated in mouse tissues. Extraction of hydrophobic B. burgdorferi antigens from tissue provides a powerful tool for determining the antigenic composition of HAB.
Biometric technology and smartphones: A consideration of the practicalities of a broad adoption of biometrics and the likely impacts (2015)

The potential synergies between consumer handheld devices, particularly smartphones and biometric technologies is outlines. The practicalities and challenges for three such technologies - fingerprint, iris and palmprint - are presented. The use of biometrics for personal authentication is discussed, including the use of zero knowledge proof techniques to ensure that the biometric data does not leave the phone. The scope for data theft and breach through spoofing of the original biometric are discussed. Finally the potential impact of this technology synergy on personal privacy is considered.
Probing structural inhomogeneities induced by exchange striction aboveTNin antiferromagnetic perovskites (2002)

Measurements of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ of the antiferromagnetic perovskites ${\mathrm{SmNiO}}_{3},$ ${\mathrm{CaMnO}}_{3},$ ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3},$ and ${\mathrm{YCrO}}_{3}$ are compared to that of the nonmagnetic perovskite ${\mathrm{LaGaO}}_{3}.$ Whereas ${\mathrm{LaGaO}}_{3}$ exhibits a classic phonon thermal conductivity, the others all show a remarkable suppression of $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ in the paramagnetic phase that increases with the degree of covalence in the $M--\mathrm{O}$ bond. This suppression is attributed to exchange-strictive fluctuations that are enhanced by semicovalent-exchange interactions.
Distribution and Ecological Niches of Nitrogenases (2015)

For the past ˜2 billion years, a small group of microorganisms, Eubacteria and Archaea, free-living, as symbionts, or in some cases in intracellular associations with eukaryotic hosts, has provided the biological world with fixed nitrogen. A single family of metalloproteins, nitrogenases, has evolved to catalyze the reduction of N2 to ammonia at ambient temperature and pressure. This chapter presents a look at the global distribution of the nitrogen-fixing species and at their ecological niches.
Performance of time‐domain and spectral‐domain Optical Coherence Tomography for glaucoma screening (2010)

Stratus, with high specificity and positive predictive values, seemed to be best of choice for screening purposes, while Cirrus, with high sensitivity, was the better choice for early detection.
Dynamics of magnetic-polaron formation inCd1−xMnxSe andCd1−xMnxTe (1987)

Evidence that magnetic polarons are formed via electron mediated ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ spin diffusion in ${\mathrm{Cd}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{\mathrm{x}}$Se (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30) and ${\mathrm{Cd}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{\mathrm{x}}$Te (x=0.20, 0.30, 0.45) has been obtained from picosecond time-resolved photoluminescence experiments. The time-varying Stokes shift in the luminescence energy of the exciton associated with the magnetic polaron is measured to obtain the magnetic-polaron formation time. The formation time is observed to increase linearly with temperature (T=1.8 to 90 K) and quadratically with applied magnetic field (B=0 to 90 kG). These results are in agreement with a spin-diffusion model of magnetic-polaron formation described here.
Pulmonary vein stenosis – ballooning vs. stenting: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2022)

Abstract Background Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS), which is often unrecognized, may arise from a variety of conditions resulting in major morbidity and mortality. In some patients, pharmacological therapy may help but more often in advance stages, mechanical treatment must be considered. Transcatheter approaches, both balloon angioplasty (BA) and stent implantation have been applied. While both may be effective, they continue to be limited by restenosis. Herein, we compare the outcomes following BA and stenting for PVS. Purpose PVS presents a challenge for both diagnosis and therapy, with BA and stenting being primarily limited by restenosis. Stenting is performed in most cases and is associated with improved patency rates. Historical comparisons of BA and stenting for PVS have yielded similar results. Our analysis incorporates more conventional studies (2010–2021) and provides a larger stent (N=361) versus BA (N=229) contemporary analysis of the current state of PV intervention practice. Methods From January 1, 2010 to August 2, 2021, studies, limited to English language and humans, were assessed in Ovid MEDLINE®, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. Two independent reviewers screened articles including those in which balloon angioplasty or stenting was performed for pulmonary vein stenosis with reporting of restenosis outcomes and data was independently extracted. Systematic review was performed, and overall restenosis rates were reported across all included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.4 assessing rates of restenosis and restenosis requiring repeat intervention. Results Our systematic review yielded 34 studies reporting on BA and/or stenting for PVS. Of these, 7 studies (1–7), treating a total of 343 patients with 590 PV interventions (229 BA and 361 Stents) reported restenosis rates with mean follow-up ranging from 10 to 60 months. Stenting was associated with a lower risk of restenosis compared to balloon angioplasty [risk ratio 0.35, 95% CI (0.18, 0.64), p=0.0008] (Figure 1). Restenosis requiring repeat intervention was reported in 5 studies, including 303 patients with 502 PV interventions (160 BA and 342 Stents) with stenting similarly associated with a lower risk of restenosis requiring re-intervention [risk ratio 0.34, 95% CI (0.16, 0.72), p=0.005]. Conclusion Stenting for pulmonary vein stenosis is associated with reduced risk of restenosis and re-intervention as compared to balloon angioplasty. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.
Superantigen‐presentation by rat major histocompatibility complex class II molecules RT1.Bl and RT1.Dl (2008)

Rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules RT1.B(l) (DQ-like) and RT1.D(l) (DR-like) were cloned from the LEW strain using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and expressed in mouse L929 cells. The transduced lines bound MHC class II-specific monoclonal antibodies in an MHC-isotype-specific manner and presented peptide antigens and superantigens to T-cell hybridomas. The T-cell-hybridomas responded well to all superantigens presented by human MHC class II, whereas the response varied considerably with rat MHC class II-transduced lines as presenters. The T-cell hybridomas responded to the pyrogenic superantigens Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), SEC1, SEC2 and SEC3 only at high concentrations with RT1.B(l)-transduced and RT1.D(l)-transduced cells as presenters. The same was true for streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPEA), but this was presented only by RT1.B(l) and not by RT1.D(l). SPEC was recognized only if presented by human MHC class II. Presentation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis superantigen (YPM) showed no MHC isotype preference, while Mycoplasma arthritidis superantigen (MAS or MAM) was presented by RT1.D(l) but not by RT1.B(l). Interestingly, and in contrast to RT1.B(l), the RT1.D(l) completely failed to present SEA and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 even after transduction of invariant chain (CD74) or expression in other cell types such as the surface MHC class II-negative mouse B-cell lymphoma (M12.4.1.C3). We discuss the idea that a lack of SEA presentation may not be a general feature of RT1.D molecules but could be a consequence of RT1.D(l)beta-chain allele-specific substitutions (arginine 80 to lysine, asparagine 82 to aspartic acid) in the extremely conserved region flanking the Zn(2+)-binding histidine 81, which is crucial for high-affinity SEA-binding.
Effect of Conductive Particle Properties on the Reliability of Anisotropic Conductive Film for Chip-On-Glass (COG) Applications (2006)

This paper describes the effect of material properties of conductive particle in anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) on the reliability of ACF interconnection for chip-on-glass (COG) application. In order to have reliable interconnection in COG using ACF, there are several factors to be considered. Most important factor is the conductive particle properties; the high number of conductive particles trapped between the bump and substrate pad, less conductive particles between adjacent bumps for ensuring electrical insulation, the electrical conductivity for good electrical interconnection, and low mechanical hardness and high recover rate of conductive particles for reliable contact area during reliability test, etc. We investigated the effect of conductive particle on the COG interconnection using ACF with two diffrent conductive particles. For the conductive particles, the Au/Ni coated polymer particles with 5 μm diameter were used. The mechanical and electrical properties of two different particles including ball hardness, recovery behaviors and electrical resistance were characterized. Two ACFs were fabricated in form of double layered strcture, in which ACF and NCF layer thickness is optimized, to have as many conductive particles as possible on bump after COG bonding. The test vehicle of COG driver IC and Au trace patterned glass substrate were used for characterization of the COG interconnection. The electrical resistances of ACF interconnection in COG structure were measured initially and during high humidity and temperature test up to 1000 hours. The result shows that the contact resistance of ACF interconnection is mainly dependent on the electrical property of conductive particles in ACF.
Cardinal Role of Intraliposome Doxorubicin-Sulfate Nanorod Crystal in Doxil Properties and Performance (2018)

The uniqueness of Doxil can be attributed, to a large extent, to its intraliposomal doxorubicin-sulfate nanorod crystal. We re-examine these nanocrystal features and their mechanism of the formation by studying pegylated liposomal doxorubicins (PLDs) of the same lipid composition, size distribution, and extraliposome medium that were prepared at different ammonium sulfate (AS) concentrations. This study includes a comparison of the thermotropic behavior, morphology, and in vitro ammonia-induced doxorubicin release (relevant to Doxil's in vivo performance) of these PLDs. In this study, we confirm that a transmembrane ammonium gradient is critical for doxorubicin remote loading, and we demonstrate that the intraliposomal concentration of sulfate counteranions and ammonium ions determine to a large extent the physical state and stability of the PLDs' remote loaded doxorubicin. "Fully-developed" intraliposome doxorubicin-sulfate nanorod crystals (as defined by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy imaging) develop only when the ammonium sulfate (AS) concentration used for PLD preparation is ≥150 mM. Less than 10% of PLDs prepared with 100 mM AS show fully developed nanorod crystals. Intraliposomal AS concentration ≥200 mM is required to support the stable nanocrystallization in PLDs. The presence of nanocrystals and their melting enthalpy and phase transition co-operativity strongly affect the ammonia-induced doxorubicin release of PLDs. A quick, biphasic release occurs for PLDs that lack the nanorod crystals or have crystals of poor crystallinity, whereas PLDs prepared with ≥200 mM AS show a monophasic, zero-order slow release. This study also demonstrates that after remote loading, residual intraliposomal ammonium concentration and the transmembrane pH gradient related to it also play an important role in doxorubicin-sulfate intraliposomal crystallization and ammonia-induced doxorubicin release.
Setting Global Standards for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation: The 2016 ISSCR Guidelines (2016)

The International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) presents its 2016 Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation (ISSCR, 2016). The 2016 guidelines reflect the revision and extension of two past sets of guidelines (ISSCR, 2006; ISSCR, 2008) to address new and emerging areas of stem cell discovery and application and evolving ethical, social, and policy challenges. These guidelines provide an integrated set of principles and best practices to drive progress in basic, translational, and clinical research. The guidelines demand rigor, oversight, and transparency in all aspects of practice, providing confidence to practitioners and public alike that stem cell science can proceed efficiently and remain responsive to public and patient interests. Here, we highlight key elements and recommendations in the guidelines and summarize the recommendations and deliberations behind them.
Polyimide Nanocomposites Prepared with a Novel Aromatic Surfactant (2003)

Montmorillonite clays modified with 1,5-bis(3-aminophenoxy)-3-oxapentane dihydrochloride (BAOD) were used in the preparation of polyimide/organoclay hybrid films. Organoclays with varying surface charge based upon BAOD were prepared and examined for their dispersion behavior in the polymer matrix. Initial evaluation was performed by preparing high molecular weight poly(amide acid) solutions in the presence of the organoclays at a 3 wt% loading. Films were cast and subsequently heated to 300 °C to cause imidization. The resulting nanocomposite films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. It was found that the clay's cation exchange capacity (CEC) played a key role in determining the extent of dispersion in the polyimide matrix. Considerable dispersion was observed in nanocomposite films prepared from organoclays possessing medium and high CECs. One organoclay that dispersed well was further evaluated in nanocomposite films at weight loadings of 5 and 8%. The nanocomposite films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and thin-film tensile testing. High levels of clay dispersion were achieved even at the higher clay loadings. Mechanical testing of these films showed that the moduli of the materials increased with increasing clay concentration, but the strength and elongation were generally adversely affected.
A neuromorphic system for video object recognition (2014)

Automated video object recognition is a topic of emerging importance in both defense and civilian applications. This work describes an accurate and low-power neuromorphic architecture and system for real-time automated video object recognition. Our system, Neuormorphic Visual Understanding of Scenes (NEOVUS), is inspired by computational neuroscience models of feed-forward object detection and classification pipelines for processing visual data. The NEOVUS architecture is inspired by the ventral (what) and dorsal (where) streams of the mammalian visual pathway and integrates retinal processing, object detection based on form and motion modeling, and object classification based on convolutional neural networks. The object recognition performance and energy use of the NEOVUS was evaluated by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under the Neovision2 program using three urban area video datasets collected from a mix of stationary and moving platforms. These datasets are challenging and include a large number of objects of different types in cluttered scenes, with varying illumination and occlusion conditions. In a systematic evaluation of five different teams by DARPA on these datasets, the NEOVUS demonstrated the best performance with high object recognition accuracy and the lowest energy consumption. Its energy use was three orders of magnitude lower than two independent state of the art baseline computer vision systems. The dynamic power requirement for the complete system mapped to commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware that includes a 5.6 Megapixel color camera processed by object detection and classification algorithms at 30 frames per second was measured at 21.7 Watts (W), for an effective energy consumption of 5.45 nanoJoules (nJ) per bit of incoming video. These unprecedented results show that the NEOVUS has the potential to revolutionize automated video object recognition toward enabling practical low-power and mobile video processing applications.
Public Safety Communication Using Commercial Cellular Technology (2008)

We propose a concept for public safety communication realized with IMS (IP multimedia subsystem), the cellular standards of 3GPP and packet switched transmission. Basing the solution on mainstream cellular technology leverages the economy of scale of today's commercial networks and enables migration of technical solutions and applications. Important requirements of the public safety sector are group communication, low latency, high capacity, security, reliability and interoperability for voice and broadband data services. Our analysis shows that the concept has the technology potential to meet these public safety requirements.
Matching of an inductive storage pulsed power generator to a nonlinear gas discharge load for ozone production (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. We consider the matching of a nonlinear load to an inductive storage pulsed power generator, to achieve stable voltage and efficient power transfer. The generator uses a magnetically insulated opening switch (MINOS), and the load is a pulsed volume discharge for the synthesis of ozone. With the inherent voltage-stiffness of the discharge, a simple matching method can be used. A single pulsing sequence of the system is simulated using a combination of numerical models of the pulse generator with its nonlinear switch, and the nonlinear load. A set of parameters is chosen to simulate a typical ozone production system. Simulation results show that good matching between the generator and the load can be obtained, and that both the power transfer and the discharge ozone generation efficiency are relatively insensitive to switching losses and to small variations in discharge voltage. The overall efficiency is about twice as high as in conventional dielectric barrier discharge systems.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Methano‐Bridged Annulenes: Access to Highly Substituted Derivatives. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.