gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for intravesicular beta-adrenergic receptors in membrane fractions from desensitized cells: binding of the hydrophilic ligand CGP-12177 only in the presence of alamethicin. (1983)

Two fractions of beta-adrenergic receptors have been separated from desensitized C62B cells by centrifugation on a sucrose gradient. Using two beta-adrenergic receptor (beta AR) antagonists, 125I-iodopindolol and (3H)CGP-12177, the different binding characteristics of these fractions have been investigated. While iodopindolol binds to beta AR both in a light (30% sucrose) and a heavy (45-50% sucrose) peak, CGP-12177 binds only to those in the heavy peak. Incubation of these two gradient fractions with the antibiotic alamethicin selectively increases the binding of CGP-12177 only in the light peak. This result suggests that the desensitization-induced light peak beta AR exist on the inside of vesicles. The hydrophilic ligand CGP-12177 is capable of reaching these receptors only through alamethicin-formed pores.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Quantification and Comparison of Toll‐Like Receptor Expression and Responsiveness in Primary and Immortalized Human Female Lower Genital Tract Epithelia (2008)

TLR expression patterns were remarkably conserved across the study population and evaluated tissues indicating a predictable responsiveness to STI. The results support cautious use of immortalized cells for genital tract modeling.
Reduction of α-diazo-β-hydroxy esters to β-hydroxy esters: application in one of two convergent syntheses of a (22S)-22-hydroxy bile acid from fish bile and its (22R)-epimer (1985)

α-Diazo-β-hydroxy esters (3) prepared by condensation of aldehydes (1) with ethyl (lithio) diazoacetate (2) are reduced with 5% palladium over charcoal in methanol into the corresponding β-hydroxy esters (5) in high yield. This sequence is applied to a new synthesis of haemulcholic acid (14c), a (22S)-22-hydroxy bile acid from fish bile and its (22R)-epimer (14d). A convergent synthesis of (14c), a (22S)-22-hydroxy bile acid from fish bile and its (22R)-epimer (14d). A convergent synthesis of (14c) and (14d) involves, as a key step, the dirhodium (II) tetra-acetate conversion of (12) into the corresponding β-keto ester (13).
Electrostatically-actuated micro cantilevers for electro-mechanical measurement of single-walled carbon nanotubes grown by catalytic CVD (2004)

We have build a system for real-time in-situ measurement of electromechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) growing between electrostatically actuated silicon cantilevers faced each other with a micrometer-order gap. Our catalytic CVD method using ethanol as a carbon source was employed along with a newly developed technique that can synthesize SWNTs directly on the surface of Si substrate at the CVD temperature of as low as 650/spl deg/C. SWNTs were successfully grown between the 10-micrometer gap of the measuring probes. Mechanical properties of the probing cantilevers under the CVD condition were then measured to assess the feasibility of real-time measurement of SWNT growth.
Recent Developments in Profiling Optical Surfaces (1992)

In order to better understand the fabrication of optical surfaces and be able to produce smoother, lower scatter surfaces, surface characterization needs to be extended into shorter and longer surface spatial wavelength regions. Scanning probe microscopes are now available to profile optical surfaces. Long scan profilers are also available to give profile information for distances longer than a few millimeters with sensitivities and accuracies of atomic dimensions.
An Inhibitor of O-Glycosylation Induces Apoptosis in NIH3T3 Cells and Developing Mouse Embryonic Mandibular Tissues (2004)

The family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGaNTases) is responsible for initiating mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in higher eukaryotes. To begin to examine the biological role of O-linked glycosylation, mammalian cells were treated with a small molecule inhibitor (designated 1-68A, Ref. 15) of ppGaNTase activity. NIH3T3 cells exposed to the inhibitor were shown to undergo a significant reduction in cell surface O-glycosylation as detected by staining with jacalin and peanut agglutinin lectins after 30 min of treatment; no reduction in staining using antibodies to O-linked N-acetylglucosamine or the lectin concanavalin A was detected. Apoptosis was also observed in treated cells after 45 min of exposure, ostensibly following the O-glycosylation reduction. Overexpression of several different ppGaNTase isoforms restored cell surface O-glycosylation and rescued inhibitor-induced apoptosis. Additionally, mouse embryonic mandibular organ cultures exposed to 1-68A developed abnormally, presumably because of epithelial and mesenchymal apoptosis that followed a reduction in jacalin and peanut agglutinin staining. Our studies suggest that mucin-type O-linked glycosylation may be required for normal development and that ppGaNTases may play a role in the regulation of apoptosis.
Innovative power generator using dielectric elastomers (creating the foundations of an environmentally sustainable society) (2019)

Power generation using dielectric elastomer (DE) artificial muscle has attracted attention because it is light-weight, low-cost and high-efficiency. This method generates carbon dioxide-free electric power without exhausting rare earth materials or contributing to global warming, earning it the status of an eco-friendly system. This paper considers the opportunities for a DE generator system, namely using them to create the foundations of a Recycling Energy Society. If these opportunities are to be commercially successful, they will have to leverage the DE's advantages over conventional technologies. In this paper, we discuss two ways to use DEs more practically in applications: 1) point power generation, in which a single DE is used alone, and 2) distributed power generation, in which a large number of DEs are gathered as one cluster and distributed. We will also discuss the current status and future of DE generators.
Frequency Domain Multi-channel Acoustic Modeling for Distant Speech Recognition (2019)

Conventional far-field automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems typically employ microphone array techniques for speech enhancement in order to improve robustness against noise or reverberation. However, such speech enhancement techniques do not always yield ASR accuracy improvement because the optimization criterion for speech enhancement is not directly relevant to the ASR objective. In this work, we develop new acoustic modeling techniques that optimize spatial filtering and long short-term memory (LSTM) layers from multi-channel (MC) input based on an ASR criterion directly. In contrast to conventional methods, we incorporate array processing knowledge into the acoustic model. Moreover, we initialize the network with beamformers' coefficients. We investigate effects of such MC neural networks through ASR experiments on the real-world far-field data where users are interacting with an ASR system in uncontrolled acoustic environments. We show that our MC acoustic model can reduce a word error rate (WER) by~16.5\% compared to a single channel ASR system with the traditional log-mel filter bank energy (LFBE) feature on average. Our result also shows that our network with the spatial filtering layer on two-channel input achieves a relative WER reduction of~9.5\% compared to conventional beamforming with seven microphones.
Electrophoretic Component of Electric Pulses Determines the Efficacy of In Vivo DNA Electrotransfer (2005)

Efficient DNA electrotransfer can be achieved with combinations of short high-voltage (HV) and long lowvoltage (LV) pulses that cover two effects of the pulses, namely, target cell electropermeabilization and DNA electrophoresis within the tissue.Because HV and LV can be delivered with a lag up to 3000 sec between them, we considered that it was possible to analyze separately the respective importance of the two types of effects of the electric fields on DNA electrotransfer efficiency.The tibialis cranialis muscles of C57BL/6 mice were injected with plasmid DNA encoding luciferase or green fluorescent protein and then exposed to various combinations of HV and LV pulses.DNA electrotransfer efficacy was determined by measuring luciferase activity in the treated muscles.We found that for effective DNA electrotransfer into skeletal muscles the HV pulse is prerequisite; however, its number and duration do not significantly affect electrotransfer efficacy.DNA electrotransfer efficacy is dependent mainly on the parameters of the LV pulse(s).We report that different LV number, LV individual duration, and LV strength can be used, provided the total duration and field strength result in convenient electrophoretic transport of DNA toward and/or across a permeabilized membrane.
In vitro antibacterial efficacy of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouthwashes. (2011)

All three experimental 0.075% CPC mouthwash formulas gave a > 99.9% reduction in viable bacteria of both species following 30 seconds of treatment.
X-ray Computed Tomography Characterization of 3D Tufted Twill Textile Composite for Aerostructures (2019)

Damage assessments in three dimensional (3D) textile composites subjected to mechanical loading can be performed by non-destructive and destructive techniques. This paper applies the two techniques to investigate the fracture behavior of 3D tufted textile composites. X-ray computed tomography as a non-destructive evaluation method is appropriate to detect damage locations and identify their progression in 3D textile composites. Destructive methods such as sectioning toward observing damage provide valuable information about damage patterns. The results of this research could be utilized to evaluate the initial cause of rupture in 3D tufted composites used in aerospace structures and analyze fracture modes and damage progression.
Acute Branch Retinal Arterial Embolism Successfully Treated with Intravenous Prostaglandin E1 (2003)

The purpose of this paper is to report the use of intravenous prostaglandin E1, a potent vasodilator, to rapidly restore blood flow and vision in a patient with an acute branch retinal arterial occlusion. An 82-year-old woman with an acute decrease in the visual acuity of her left eye due to an acute superior temporal branch retinal arterial embolus was treated with 140 microg of intravenous prostaglandin E1. The medicine was repeated the following day. At the onset of the branch arterial occlusion her vision in the left eye was 20/50, the embolus could be seen in the superior temporal branch, and a white retinal edema extended down into the macula. At her first eye examination 4 days after treatment, her visual acuity had returned to 20/20, the retinal embolus was still present, but the white macular edema had disappeared. Intravenous prostaglandin E1 is a safe, potent vasodilator for the peripheral vascular system. If used immediately to treat acute branch arterial retinal occlusions, it can restore good vision. The authors report the first case of the use of intravenous prostaglandin E1 to treat a spontaneous acute branch retinal arterial embolus.
Mixed-Kernels Constructions of Polar Codes (2015)

Mixed kernels of polar codes are mapping functions having inputs of different alphabet sizes that are used to construct polar coding scheme. These schemes are constructed by incorporating several (homogeneous) kernels, each one over different alphabet size. In this paper, the idea of mixed-kernels construction is introduced and analyzed. An asymptotic analysis of the proposed scheme shows that its polarization properties are strongly related to the ones of the constituent kernels. Simulation of finite length instances of the scheme indicate their advantages both in error correction performance and complexity compared to the known polar coding structures.
Erratum: “Dynamic sheath formation and sub-THz radiation from laser–metal interactions” [Phys. Plasmas 27, 073101 (2020)] (2020)

First Page
A Classifier Capable of Rule Refinement (2008)

In ubiquitous environment, too much information is generated from a lot of sensors, and people want to obtain the appropriately classified information from the information. Decision tree algorithm like C4.5 is very useful in the field of data mining or machine learning system. Because this is fast and deduces good result on the problem of classification. This paper proposes three methods using decision tree for solving a classification problem. Firstly, this paper suggest about the extended data expression for explaining a classifier, Uchoo. Secondly, a classifier, UChoo, is described. Thirdly, this paper is to describe about rule generation. The rules expressed in the newly suggested method have almost the same information contents as compared with the original data set. The information is gotten from the sensors becomes large amount of data as the ubiquitous computation environment develops, therefore it is impossible to keep all information in memory. However, using suggested method, this problem is solved smoothly with having almost the information.
Research highlights: microfluidic single-cell analysis from nucleic acids to proteins to functions (2014)

We highlight recent reports using microfluidic systems to perform single-cell analysis. It has been demonstrated on numerous occasions that population averages are often not representative of single-cell behavior. These differences in behavior can be caused by stochastic fluctuations in temporal response, changes in the surrounding instructive environment, or hard-coded genetic changes. Because of the similar length scales, microfluidic approaches have been well-suited to isolating, analyzing, and culturing single-cells to better understand this heterogeneity. Here, we discuss recent works in which microfluidic researchers have extended single-cell characterization approaches, in order to improve analysis from nucleic acids to proteins to final functional behavior. Nucleic acid detection can be amplified beyond what is possible with fluorescence in situ hybridization using droplet-enabled PCR-activated cell sorting. Multiplexed protein detection that overcomes the problems with off-target antibody binding which are associated with traditional immunofluorescence is achieved with single-cell western blotting. Proliferation, migration, and secretion are analyzed in rare circulating tumor cells isolated in microwells. The next steps will be getting these new tools into the hands of a growing number of biologists and developing new tools to report on single-cell epigenetic modifications.
Demonstrating elusive toroidal dipolar response in metamaterials (2011)

We demonstrate examples of classical systems, namely metamaterials, the electromagnetic response of which can be directly related to the resonant excitation of the toroidal dipole moment.
A Case of Carney Triad Complicated by Renal Cell Carcinoma and a Germline SDHA Pathogenic Variant (2021)

Abstract Background: Carney triad is a rare multiple-neoplasia syndrome presenting as an association of paragangliomas (PGL), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), and pulmonary chondromas (CHO). Succinate dehydrogenase deficiency has been associated with several neoplasias, including Carney triad, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and those associated with hereditary PGL/ pheochromocytoma (PHEO) syndromes. Clinical Case: A 57-year-old male diagnosed with hypertension at age 49, presented with a gradual increase in blood pressure over a period of 12 months. For seven years following his diagnosis of hypertension, the patient experienced episodic increases in blood pressure, to a systolic pressure greater than 180 mmHg associated with a tight band sensation around his forehead lasting half a day. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a left adrenal adenoma, a 5.1 cm para-aortic mass, and a right renal superior pole lesion measuring 2.5 cm, which was suspicious for a carcinoma. 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) scans were performed, which suggested the para-aortic mass to be consistent with a PGL. Additionally, 18F-FDG uptake was noted in the gastroesophageal region and was suspicious for a GIST. The left adrenal mass was not associated with 123I-MIBG or 18F-FDG activity. Chest CT demonstrated a right middle lobe lung lesion suggestive of a CHO, although no biopsy was performed. A diagnosis of Carney triad was made. The patient underwent surgical resection of the PGL and GIST, as well as a partial right nephrectomy. The PGL and GIST were positive for SDHA and negative for SDHB by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Pathology from the renal lesion was consistent with a 2.3 cm conventional clear cell renal carcinoma, with positive staining for SDHA and SDHB by IHC. The patient was found to harbor a germline heterozygous pathogenic variant (c.91 C&amp;gt;T, p.R31X) in SDHA which has been previously reported and results in loss of function of SDHA. SHDC hypermethylation was not detected in the PGL, GIST, or RCC. Additionally, DNA sequencing of the RCC did not indicate loss of heterozygosity at the variant region of interest. Although the SDHA disease-causing variant is responsible for the patients Carney triad phenotype, it is unclear if this variant is causative of the RCC. Conclusion: This is a novel presentation of a germline inactivating SDHA pathogenic variant in a patient with Carney triad complicated by RCC. However, an SDHA disease-causing variant was previously reported in a patient with comorbid GIST and RCC. This case provides further support to the increasing evidence that SDHx pathogenic variants may predispose patients to develop renal neoplasms.
Studies on poisonous metals. XVIII. Effects of several dithiocarbamates on tissue distribution and excretion of cadmium in rats. (1987)

The effects of various chelating agents, sodium N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (NBGDTC), sodium N-p-methylbenzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (NMBGDTC), and sodium N-p-isopropylbenzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (NPBGDTC), which were newly synthesized, sodium N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (NMGDTC), diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), dihydroxyethyldithiocarbamate (DHEDTC), and dicarboxymethyldithiocarbamate (DCMDTC), on the distribution and excretion of cadmium in rats were compared at 30 min and 24 h following cadmium injection. At 30 min after cadmium administration, these chelating agents all significantly enhanced the biliary excretion of cadmium, and at 24 h after cadmium injection, the chelating agents other than DEDTC and DCMDTC significantly enhanced the biliary excretion of the metal. The effects of NBGDTC, NMBGDTC, and NPBGDTC on the biliary excretion of cadmium were much larger than those of the other chelating agents. The urinary excretion of cadmium was increased by the chelating agents other than DEDTC and NPBGDTC. These chelating agents were effective in mobilizing cadmium from the liver, kidney, and pancreas at 30 min after treatment with cadmium. At both 30 min and 24 h after treatment with cadmium, NBGDTC, NMBGDTC, and NPBGDTC effectively depressed cadmium content in the liver without the mobilization of cadmium to the kidney. The chelating agents other than DEDTC did not result in the redistribution of cadmium to the brain, testes, lung, and heart. These results show that the injection of NBGDTC, NMBGDTC, or NPBGDTC at both 30 min and 24 h after treatment with cadmium can much more effectively mobilize cadmium from the body, mainly through the bile, without redistribution of cadmium to other tissues, such as brain, testes, lung, and heart, when compared with injection of other chelating agents. Furthermore, the pattern of mobilization and excretion of cadmium following treatment with each chelating agent was related to the organic/aqueous partition coefficient of each dithiocarbamate-cadmium complex.
Pathogenic substantiation of application of erythropoietin modified forms and peptide analogues as cytotprotectors (2020)

Provides a review of the evidence from experimental and clinical studies on the blood-forming and non-blood-forming tissue protective effects of erythropoietin. Information on its side effects (stimulation of tumor growth, autoimmune reactions, arterial hypertension, etc.), limiting the clinical use as a cytoprotector, is summarized. Well-known modifications of the erythropoietin molecule with a tissue protective effect are considered, in particular, desialylated (asialoEPO), carboxylated (CEPO) and glutaraldehyde (GEPO) cytokine analogues. The results of biomedical studies describing the tissue protective effects of these compounds, as well as possible mechanisms of their receptor action, are presented. The article discusses the main short-chain erythropoietin mimetics that reproduce individual active regions of cytokine amino acid sequence and contain from 11 to 25 amino acids: Helix B, ARA290, Eportis, Epopeptide-ab, MK-X, Epobis, NL100. The biochemical mechanisms of cytoprotective action of erythropoietin and its derivatives are considered, including binding to the heterodimeric receptor of non-blood-forming tissues and activation of intracellular signaling molecules possessing properties of apopotosis inhibitors. It was noted that the tissue protective effect of erythropoietin in vivo is observed in hemostimulating doses and is accompanied by side effects. At the same time, the use of modified forms of erythropoietin and its short-chain peptide analogues, which have a high affinity for the isoform of the erythropoietin receptor of non-blood-forming tissues and do not have hematopoietic properties, allows avoiding the development of side effects and reducing effective doses by 10-20 times.
Evaluation of complexes of DNA duplexes and novel benzoxazoles or benzimidazoles by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2004)

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is used to compare the metal ion binding and metal-mediated DNA binding of benzoxazole (1, 2, 3, 4) and benzimidazole (5) compounds and to elucidate the putative binding modes and stoichiometries. The observed metal versus non-metal-mediated DNA binding, as well as the specificity of DNA binding, is correlated with the biological activities of the analogs. The ESI-MS spectra for the antibacterial benzoxazole and benzimidazole analogs 4 and 5 demonstrated non-specific and non-metal-mediated binding to DNA, with the appearance of DNA complexes containing multiple ligands. The anticancer analog 2 demonstrates a clear preference for metal-mediated DNA interactions, with an apparent selectivity for Ni2+ -mediated binding over the more physiologically relevant Mg2+ or Zn2+ cations. Complexation between DNA and the biologically inactive analog 1 was not observed, either in the absence or presence of metal cations.
Impact of Common Reflecting and Absorbing Building Materials on THz Multipath Channels (2022)

THz band communication has the potential to meet the high data rate demands of many current and future applications. However, before these networks are realized, extensive channel measurements are needed in order to characterize the wireless channel at these frequencies, in order to inform system design and deployment. In the current paper, we present a set of double-directional channel measurements that are conducted in several relevant indoor and outdoor scenarios. Our aim is to see the effect of common building materials that might be particularly reflective or absorptive (such as energy-saving glass, window blinds, or metallic reflectors), and how their presence changes the channel characteristics. Among other effects we find that - depending on the considered dynamic range - presence/absence of these materials can increase the required equalizer length by an order of magnitude.