gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 7-Tesla High Density Transmit with 28-Channel Receive-Only Array Knee Coil. (2010)

As more advanced 7T MRI technology continues to emerge, the development of a wider anatomical range of RF coils has become a greater priority. When considering the orthopedic application of knee imaging, the gains from 1.5T to 3T of greater spatial resolution and higher SNR further improve at 7T, which brings further clinical detail and functional imaging to the critical knee structures of the menisci, cruciate ligaments, and articular cartilage [1]. In earlier work at 3T, a local transmit and high-channel receive coil was developed with multiple rows of elements in the S-I direction to allow higher parallel imaging acceleration factors, which reduce scan time and pulsation flow artifacts [2]. These concepts were used as the basis to develop a transmit and 28-channel receive knee coil at 7T. However, 7T presents unique challenges for RF coil design due to the shorter wavelength within the human body. Therefore, several novel design strategies including partial transmitter shielding and ultra-compact preamplifier were utilized.
Solar energy storage reactions involving polynuclear rhodium isocyanide complexes. Flash photolysis studies in aqueous sulfuric acid solutions (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolar energy storage reactions involving polynuclear rhodium isocyanide complexes. Flash photolysis studies in aqueous sulfuric acid solutionsVincent M. Miskowski, I. S. Sigal, Kent R. Mann, Harry B. Gray, Steven J. Milder, George S. Hammond, and P. Ray RyasonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 15, 4383–4385Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00509a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00509a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low Temperature Germanium Growth on Silicon Oxide Using Boron Seed Layer and In Situ Dopant Activation (2010)

Low temperature growth of germanium (Ge) on silicon dioxide is demonstrated using a diborane pretreatment technique. Using and precursors, layers are deposited on to seed the chemical vapor deposition growth of Ge films. In the system, the binary deposition mechanism of the film is explained by the "enhancement" model. In situ doping of Ge films is also investigated. In situ boron activation is achieved during the crystallization of the Ge films at . Device applicability of the doped Ge film growth on oxide is demonstrated in a low temperature Si p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, in which the Ge layer is used as a gate electrode. The low temperature Ge growth technique can be used for low thermal budget processes, e.g., monolithic three-dimensional integrated circuits.
Ductility improvement of adjustable pallet rack speed-lock connections: Experimental study (2021)

This paper presents seismic cantilever monotonic and cyclic tests of speed-lock (boltless) beam-to-upright connections of adjustable pallet rack systems; the objective of the monotonic tests is to obtain the bounds that are employed to define the loading protocol of the subsequent cyclic tests. The beam-to-upright connections consist of welding the beam to an intermediate end-plate (L-shaped) that, in its turn, is linked to the upright through a hooked assembly. The performed experiments investigate the connections hysteretic behavior, as it contributes to the rack lateral strength, stiffness, and ductility. More precisely, the main objective of this research is to propose a new strengthened design of the weld beads geometric configuration. This design is oriented for the connection failure not to arise in the weld, but the hooked assembly. This shift is expected to increase the connection ductility; in this sense, specimens with traditional and novel weld geometric designs are tested. In most of the tests performed, the results confirm that the new weld design leads to more ductile failure modes; preliminary evaluations state that the ductility increase might be sufficient to absorb most of the input seismic energy. On the other hand, tests are conducted according to two loading protocols: the traditional one by following European regulations and a new strategy proposed by Prof. Castiglioni accounting for the influence of gravity loads. Comparison between their results shows that the Castiglioni approach is more demanding and seems to reproduce the actual seismic behavior of racks better.
A static power model for architects (2000)

Static power dissipation due to transistor leakage constitutes an increasing fraction of the total power in modern semiconductor technologies. Current technology trends indicate that the contribution will increase rapidly, reaching one half of total power dissipation within three process generations. Developing power efficient products will require consideration of static power in the earliest phases of design, including architecture and microarchitecture definition. We propose a simple equation for estimating static power consumption at the architectural level:
Automated Computer Vision Assessment of Hypomimia in Parkinson Disease: Proof-of-Principle Pilot Study (2020)

This proof-of-principle pilot study demonstrated that computer vision holds promise as a valuable tool for PD hypomimia and for monitoring a patient's motor state in an objective and noninvasive way, particularly given the increasing importance of telemedicine.
Oct2 enhances antibody-secreting cell differentiation through regulation of IL-5 receptor α chain expression on activated B cells (2008)

Mice lacking a functional gene for the Oct2 transcriptional activator display several developmental and functional deficiencies in the B lymphocyte lineage. These include defective B cell receptor (BCR) and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling, an absence of B-1 and marginal zone populations, and globally reduced levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) in naive and immunized animals. Oct2 was originally identified through its ability to bind to regulatory regions in the Ig loci, but genetic evidence has not supported an essential role for Oct2 in the expression of Ig genes. We describe a new Oct2-mediated role in B cells. Oct2 augments the ability of activated B cells to differentiate to antibody-secreting plasma cells (ASCs) under T cell-dependent conditions through direct regulation of the gene encoding the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL) 5 receptor. Ectopic expression of IL-5Ralpha in oct2-deficient B cells largely restores their ability to differentiate to functional ASCs in vitro but does not correct other phenotypic defects in the mutants, such as the maturation and specialization of peripheral B cells, which must therefore rely on distinct Oct2 target genes. IL-5 augments ASC differentiation in vitro, and we show that IL-5 directly activates the plasma cell differentiation program by enhancing blimp1 expression.
Tables of Glycosidase Inhibitors with Nitrogen in the Sugar Ring and Their Inhibitory Activities: Section 7 (1998)

This appendix contains sections titled: 7 Indolizidines 7.1 Castanospermine and Analogs 7.2 Lentiginosines, Swainsonines and Analogs
Soluble factors involved in B cell differentiation: identification of two distinct T cell-replacing factors (TRF). (1983)

Highly purified B lymphocytes cultured with affinity-purified goat anti-mouse IgM antibodies and B cell growth factor (BCGF) proliferate but fail to differentiate into immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells during 4-day cultures. Induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis depends on the presence of two additional T cell-derived factors (T cell-replacing factors [TRF]). One TRF, designated B15 1K 12-TRF, is found in the supernatant of B15 1K 12 T hybridoma cells. It is required relatively early in these cultures and appears to cause an increase in cell yield as well as Ig synthesis. The second factor, designated EL-TRF, is found in PMA-induced EL-4 supernatant. It appears to be different from both BCGF and IL 2 in that it can be separated from the former by isoelectric focusing and from the latter by phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. EL-TRF is still active if added on the last day of a 4-day culture. A model for the action of anti-IgM and these three T cell-derived factors in B cell activation and differentiation is proposed.
129 Overdiagnosis via computer suggestions for follow up testing: time to hit restart (2018)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Not infrequently, patient laboratory printouts suggest followup tests. In reviewing the report of a 46 year old British Columbia female’s ferritin of 86 ug/L, we were puzzled by the comment: ‘Possible Iron Deficiency’ for ferritins between 50 and 100 ug/L based on 2010 guidelines. This comment medicalizes the patient and she thinks she has iron deficiency; the comment also initiates the cycle of further testing with the end result being the over-ordering of iron-related tests in an individual presumably without a ‘low’akers in the Canadian and British Columbia health care systems, starting at the level of the ministers of health down to the clinical laboratory owners and medical directors. We need a curtailment of these automated comments followed by a medical economics study of the utility of such algorithmic testing. <h3>Method</h3> In the neighboring province of Alberta, which lacks such ferritin guidelines, we collected 4 months of ferritin and iron results generated in a large urban referral laboratory. We then derived the prevalence of low, normal and high iron for varying ferritins and age groups of female and male patients. <h3>Results</h3> The association of ferritin to low iron levels is only evident in Albertan women and men with low ferritins. For women, the highest risk of low iron stores is associated with ferritins less than 15 ug/L (26% incidence). For males, increased risks of reduced iron stores are associated with ferritin levels less than 50 ug/L (between 9% to 44% incidence of iron deficiency). For higher ferritins, there appears to be little relationship between higher ferritin and low iron stores (between 3% and 5% incidence). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The interpretative comment for ferritins of 50 to 100 ug/L is misleading as these normal ferritin levels are not diagnostic of decreased iron. The British Columbia guidelines state that screening for iron deficiency is not indicated in the general population. The interpretive comment implies that regardless of the ferritin value, low iron levels should be ruled out. Such interpretive comments do not make sense and result in increased profitability for today’s highly efficient referral laboratories. Similar ‘diagnostic aids’ exist in many clinical information systems and induce overtesting and overdiagnosis. In the spirit of patient-centric medicine and cost reduction, it is incumbent on the laboratorian to search for, and eliminate such non-value added interpretive comments.
HP Memristor mathematical model for periodic signals and DC (2010)

In this paper mathematical models of the HP Memristor for DC and periodic signal inputs are provided. The need for a rigid model for the Memristor using conventional current and voltage quantities is essential for the development of many promising Memristors' applications. Unlike the previous works, which focuses on the sinusoidal input waveform, we derived rules for any periodic signals in general in terms of voltage and current. Square and triangle waveforms are studied explicitly, extending the formulas for any general square wave. The limiting conditions for saturation are also provided in case of either DC or periodic signals. The derived equations are compared to the SPICE model of the Memristor showing a perfect match.
Identification of Abies sibirica L. Polyprenols and Characterisation of Polyprenol-Containing Liposomes (2020)

The needles of conifer trees are one of the richest sources of natural polyprenols. Polyprenol homologs from <i>Abies sibirica</i> L. lipophilic 80% purified extract were analyzed and quantified. In total, 10 peaks (Prenol-11 to Prenol-20) were observed in the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) chromatogram of Siberian fir with the most abundant compound being Prenol-15 (relative amount 37.23 + 0.56% of the total polyprenol yield). <i>Abies sibirica</i> L. polyprenol solubility and incorporation efficiency into liposomes were studied in various commercially available lecithin mixtures (Phosal IP40, Phosal 75SA, and Lipoid P45). The resulting multilamellar polyprenol liposomes were morphologically characterized by Light and Transmission Electron Microscopy, and the liposome size was discovered to be polymodal with the main peak at 1360 nm (90% of the volume). As polyprenols are fully soluble only in lipids, a liposomal formulation based upon co-solubilization and a modified ethanol injection method of polyprenols into the ethanol-phospholipid system was developed for the entrapment and delivery of polyprenols for potential commercial applications in food supplement and cosmetic industries.
Identification of a Hepatitis B Virus Genome in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi) from East Africa Indicates a Wide Geographical Dispersion among Equatorial African Primates (2002)

DNAs from four wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi) from eastern Africa were screened for 14 DNA viruses and retroviruses. Between two and three viruses were found in each animal. An entire hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was amplified and sequenced from samples taken from one animal. This indicates that HBV is distributed across the entire range of chimpanzee habitats.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Close-Coupled Pilot Injections to Reduce Combustion Noise in a Small-Bore Diesel Engine. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Contemporary utilization of non-surgical management for stage I renal masses. (2016)

564 Background: While active surveillance has gained traction as a primary treatment strategy for small renal masses in patients with significant competing risks, population level trends of non-surgical management (NSM) remain poorly characterized. Using a large national cancer registry, our objective was to assess temporal trends in utilization of NSM for stage I renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for all patients with stage I RCC from 2003-2012. Patients were categorized as surgical intervention (partial [PN] or radical nephrectomy [RN]) or NSM, and patients undergoing ablative techniques were excluded from analyses. Temporal trends were assessed using Cochran-Armitage tests. Adjusting for patient, clinical, and tumor characteristics, multivariable logistic models were used to examine the association between clinicopathologic characteristics and receipt of NSM. Results: Of 176,975 patients identified, 89% underwent surgical intervention (PN 35.5%, RN 53.5%) and 11% underwent NSM respectively (Stage Ia: 13.1%, Stage Ib: 6.3%). From 2003-2012, utilization of NSM (6.1 vs. 13.1, p &lt; 0.001) and PN (24.4 vs. 47.3%, p &lt; 0.001) significantly increased, while performance of RN significantly declined (69.5 vs. 39.6, p &lt; 0.001). Following adjustment, increased age (51-60 years: OR 1.70 [CI 1.6-1.8]; 61-70 years: OR 2.61 [CI 2.4-2.8]; 71+ years: OR 6.37 [CI 5.7-7.1]), African American race (OR 1.11 [CI 1.03-1.2]), Charlson score 2+ (OR 1.34 [CI 1.2-1.4]), and insurance status (uninsured: OR 1.71 [CI 1.5-2.0]; Medicaid: OR 1.92 [CI 1.7-2.1]; Medicare: OR 1.39 [CI 1.3-1.5]) were associated with receipt of NSM, while patients with tumors &gt; 4cm (OR 0.42 [CI 0.40-0.45]) were less likely to undergo NSM. Conclusions: In hospitals reporting to the NCDB, utilization of NSM as a primary treatment strategy for stage I RCC has doubled from 2003-2012, most notably for tumors ≤ 4cm (Stage Ia). In absence of validated algorithms differentiating between active surveillance, watchful waiting, and those who lost access to care, racial and insurance disparities should be interpreted cautiously.
Color-Tunable Mirrors Based on Electrically Regulated Bandwidth Broadening in Polymer-Stabilized Cholesteric Liquid Crystals (2014)

We report on the preparation of color-tunable mirrors based on electrically regulated bandwidth broadening of the circularly polarized reflection of polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs). A number of improvements relating to the practical implementation of these materials are detailed including color and bandwidth stability, baseline optical properties, and response times. Experimentation reported herein focuses on the contribution of structural chirality, viscoelastic properties of the polymer network architecture, and electro-optic drive schemes. Through the examination of samples prepared in different conditions and compositions, we further elucidate the dominant role of structural chirality as well as the impact of cross-linking of the polymer stabilizing network on the threshold voltage and relative change in bandwidth per voltage (Δ(Δλ)/V). Furthermore, the appearance of nonideal optical properties (scatter and haze) in some samples is shown to be correlated with the polymer/LC compatibility and effectiveness of structural templating. Due to the employment of an electromechanical displacement mechanism, the switching times of the PSCLCs are slower than mechanisms based on liquid crystal reorientation. However, a potential approach is identified to reduce the on and off switching times to approximately 1 s.
System Level Optimization in the Integrated Hypersonic Aeromechanics Tool (IHAT) (2003)

The IHAT System is a tool suite for configuration optimization of high speed airb reathing flight vehicles currently under development. The focus of the System is on high speed tactical weapons (Mach 4 -8 regime) with relatively long range. The hypersonic flight regime of the weapons results in unique requirements for the analysis, des ign, and optimization tool suite. For highly integrated hypersonic configurations, the interaction between disciplines becomes more important as, for example, the structure becomes more tightly integrated with the propulsion system. Due to the highly int egrated nature of the configurations, traditional stovepipe design methods have not been successful in defining a viable configuration for this type of mission. It is expected that an integrated system -level approach to the analysis and optimization of the entire vehicle will allow interactions between the disciplines to be understood and exploited. This will allow for the development of viable long range hypersonic vehicles. The IHAT System is an effort to provide such an integrated analysis/optimizat ion toolset. IHAT is being developed by a government/ industry team using multiple, incremental builds. This paper describes the capabilities of Build 3 of the IHAT System, which includes Modules for addressing the disciplines of Aerodynamics, Propulsion , Trajectory, Thermal, Structural, Stability & Control, Sensors, Lethality, and Cost Index. A sample optimization of a high speed weapon system is also presented.
Abstract O.63: Novel Use Of Fractal Analysis In Kawasaki Disease For Risk Prediction (2015)

Introduction: Fractal based analysis of vascular branching complexity is known to have a prognostic role in cardiovascular risk prediction and suboptimal Fractal Dimensions of retinal vessels has been shown to correlate with coronary mortality. We hypothesize that Kawasaki disease permanently alters the fractal pattern of the retinal vasculature reflecting suboptimal microcirculatory development and attendant coronary risk. Objectives: We calculated and compared the Zone Fractal Dimension(D f ) of children with a history of Kawasaki disease with a matched cohort Methods: All subjects underwent high resolution digital retinal photography and disc-as well as macular centered photographs were digitized and used for measurement of D f using a standardized validated program performed by a single trained grader. Retinal vascular dimensions were also measured Results: Fifty subjects and 100 controls were examined. Subjects had a D f f 1.506 while controls had a Df of 1.432(P&lt;0.001). Cases were controlled for age, gender and ethnicity. Conclusion: In adult studies, a D f exceeding 1.47 has been shown to be sub-optimally high with resultant associated coronary risk. This suggests that the long term cardiovascular risks of Kawasaki disease may not only be conferred through coronary flow factors but systemic microcirculatory mal-development.
A Novel Compressive Sampling Approach for Detecting Hard Defects in Complex Wire Networks (2018)

Reflectometry is a structural health monitoring technique that allows to efficiently detect and localize electrical defects in wire networks. The main challenge in reflectometry is to improve the precision of defect localization and characterization, especially in the case of complex networks. The solution is to increase the frequency of the injected signal since the spatial resolution is inversely proportional to the injected signal frequency. However, such solution applicability is limited by the sampling capabilities of existing Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC). In this paper, we propose a sampling approach based on Compressive Sensing (CS) in the context of reflectometry. The resulting methodology offers the possibility to inject high frequency signals and later to reconstruct the reflected waveform from a lower set of samples than that required in the classical sampling scheme. In that respect, a complex linear chirp signal is considered as a testing signal and injected in a complex Y-branches network with a hard defect at the edges. In order to have a sparse representation, the reflected chirp signal is decomposed in the Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) domain. The main result is that the new acquisition scheme allows the detection of multiple reflection peaks caused by the defects at a sampling frequency 10 times lower than the actual sampling rate with a relative fault location error of 2%.