gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuroendocrinology of Stress: Implications for Growth and Development (1995)

A stressor above a threshold magnitude, or multiple stressors applied simultaneously, cause an organism to alter its behaviour and physiology, with the aim of maintaining homeostasis. The adaptive changes that occur are coordinated and mediated by the stress system in the central nervous system (which includes corticotrophin-releasing hormone and noradrenergic neurons in the hypothalamus and brainstem, respectively), and its peripheral limbs, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic (sympathetic) system. Controlled or self-driven challenges to homeostasis and a normally functioning stress system are crucial for normal development and preservation of self and species. In childhood and adolescence, appropriately functioning neuroendocrine responses to stressors are necessary to allow growth and psychosexual maturation to progress normally. Maladaptive neuroendocrine responses, i.e. dysregulation of the stress system, may lead to disturbances in growth and development and cause psychiatric, endocrine/metabolic and/or autoimmune diseases or vulnerability to such diseases, not only during childhood and adolescence, but also in adulthood.
Using “Click” Chemistry to Prepare SAM Substrates to Study Stem Cell Adhesion (2009)

We have used a Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click" reaction to prepare self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) presenting the cell adhesion peptide Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro (RGDSP) in a bioinert background. The surface preparation approach involved first forming mixed SAMs with an azide-terminated hexa(ethylene glycol) alkanethiolate (HS---EG6---N3) and a tri(ethylene glycol) alkanethiolate (HS---EG3), then using the CuAAC reaction to immobilize an alkyne-terminated peptide. The mixed SAMs were classified as bioinert, as SAMs comprising 10 mol % HS---EG6---N3 and 90 mol % HS---EG3 showed minimal nonspecific protein adsorption in solutions of 1 mg/mL lysozyme or 10% fetal bovine serum. The reaction between an acetylene-terminated peptide and an azide-terminated SAM proceeded rapidly and quantitatively in the presence of a Cu(I)-TBTA complex, displaying pseudo-first-order kinetics with a rate constant of approximately 0.2 min(-1). Varying the ratio of HS---EG6---N3 to HS---EG3 during SAM formation allowed for control over the density of azide and, in turn, the density of RGDSP on the substrates. These substrates were therefore used to study the detailed relationship between RGDSP surface density and human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, spreading, and focal adhesion complex formation, without interference from nonspecifically adsorbed serum proteins. Results indicate that an RGDSP intermolecular spacing of 36 nm or less (>or=0.01 mol % on the surface) is sufficient for hMSC adhesion and a spacing of 11 nm or less (>or=0.05 mol % on the surface) is sufficient for cell spreading and focal adhesion complex formation. In total, our results demonstrate that CuAAC is a suitable mechanism for conjugating peptides to otherwise bioinert SAMs and the resulting SAMs can be used to study the dependence of peptide density on stem cell behavior.
Increasing myosin light chain 3f (MLC3f) protects against a decline in contractile velocity (2019)

Disuse induces adaptations in skeletal muscle, which lead to muscle deterioration. Hindlimb-unloading (HU) is a well-established model to investigate cellular mechanisms responsible for disuse-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction. In myosin heavy chain (MHC) type IIB fibers HU induces a reduction in contraction speed (Vo) and a reduction in the relative myosin light chain 3f (MLC3f) protein content compared with myosin light chain 1f (MLC1f) protein. This study tested the hypothesis that increasing the relative MLC3f protein content via rAd-MLC3f vector delivery would attenuate the HU-induced decline in Vo in single MHC type IIB fibers. Fischer-344 rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, HU for 7 days, and HU for 7 days plus rAd-MLC3f. The semimembranosus muscles were injected with rAd-MLC3f (3.75 x 1011-5 x 1011 ifu/ml) at four days after the initiation of HU. In single MHC type IIB fibers the relative MLC3f content decreased by 25% (12.00±0.60% to 9.06±0.66%) and Vo was reduced by 29% (3.22±0.14fl/s vs. 2.27±0.08fl/s) with HU compared to the control group. The rAd-MLC3f injection resulted in an increase in the relative MLC3f content (12.26±1.19%) and a concomitant increase in Vo (2.90±0.15fl/s) of MHC type IIB fibers. A positive relationship was observed between the percent of MLC3f content and Vo. Maximal isometric force and specific tension were reduced with HU by 49% (741.45±44.24μN to 379.09±23.77μN) and 33% (97.58±4.25kN/m2 to 65.05±2.71kN/m2), respectively compared to the control group. The rAd-MLC3f injection did not change the HU-induced decline in force or specific tension. Collectively, these results indicate that rAd-MLC3f injection rescues hindlimb unloading-induced decline in Vo in MHC type IIB single muscle fibers.
ANN-Based Transfer Learning for QoT Prediction in Real-Time Mixed Line-Rate Systems (2018)

Quality of transmission prediction for real-time mixed line-rate systems is realized using artificial neural network based transfer learning with SDN orchestrating. 0.42 dB accuracy is achieved with a 1000 to 20 reduction in training samples.
Catalytic asymmetric heterogeneous aziridination of styrene using Cu2+-exchanged zeolite Y: effect of the counter-cation on enantioselectivity and on the reaction profile (2004)

Effective catalysts have Cu2+-exchange levels of ca. 40–60% of the maximum concentration for electroneutrality and, consequently, Cu-zeolite Y catalysts contain an additional counter-cation (H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) whose effect is explored. With Li+, Na+, K+ counter-cations, the zeolite structure is not markedly affected but, with Rb+ and Cs+, there is some loss of crystallinity. Replacement of H+ by group I cations does not markedly influence the overall ee observed for aziridine indicating that the presence of protons in the Cu-HY catalysts are not detrimental to the reaction. Catalysts containing group I cations typically give decreased leaching of Cu2+ during the reaction. At low nitrene donor to styrene molar ratios (1∶1), replacement of H+ by group I cations leads to a small enhancement in the ee of aziridine, although the yield of aziridine formed is decreased under all reaction condition. At higher molar ratios of nitrene donor to styrene, the ee is suppressed, particularly with Rb and Cs. The effect of reaction time on aziridine yield reveals a reaction profile in which the reaction initially proceeds rapidly, then slows down prior to accelerating again in the latter part of the reaction. This effect is accentuated by increasing the size of the counter-cation. This reaction profile is also observed for the homogeneously catalysed pathway and, consequently, it cannot be due solely to a confinement effect within the zeolite pores. Over addition of reaction by-products (NsNH2, PhI) accentuates the shape of this reaction profile and the effect is discussed in terms of the interactions of such molecules at the active site.
CodEx: A Modular Framework for Joint Temporal De-blurring and Tomographic Reconstruction (2021)

In many computed tomography (CT) imaging applications, it is important to rapidly collect data from an object that is moving or changing with time. Tomographic acquisition is generally assumed to be step-and-shoot, where the object is rotated to each desired angle, and a view is taken. However, step-and-shoot acquisition is slow and can waste photons, so in practice fly-scanning is done where the object is continuously rotated while collecting data. However, this can result in motion-blurred views and consequently reconstructions with severe motion artifacts. In this paper, we introduce CodEx, a modular framework for joint de-blurring and tomographic reconstruction that can effectively invert the motion blur introduced in sparse view fly-scanning. The method is a synergistic combination of a novel acquisition method with a novel non-convex Bayesian reconstruction algorithm. CodEx works by encoding the acquisition with a known binary code that the reconstruction algorithm then inverts. Using a well chosen binary code to encode the measurements can improve the accuracy of the inversion process. The CodEx reconstruction method uses the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to split the inverse problem into iterative deblurring and reconstruction sub-problems, making reconstruction practical to implement. We present reconstruction results on both simulated and binned experimental data to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Supplementary Data from GATA4 and GATA5 are Potential Tumor Suppressors and Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from GATA4 and GATA5 are Potential Tumor Suppressors and Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer
Implications of Cystic Features in Vestibular Schwannomas of Patients Undergoing Microsurgical Resection (2011)

Cystic tumors tend to be larger than noncystic tumors and affect outcomes by reducing the rate at which hearing preservation is attempted and by worsening hearing outcome in medium-sized tumors. Further, peripheral cysts cause lower rates of hearing preservation compared with centrally located cysts.
Synthèse de cyclohexa[a]quinolizidines et de cyclohexa[a]indolizidines, analogues tricycliques de 8-azasteroïdes. Nouvelle synthèse d'une cyclopenta[b]pyridinone par des réactions de couplage croisé (1999)

Notre equipe de recherche s'interesse depuis une dizaine d'annees a la synthese de nouveaux composes azotes polycycliques de type 8-azasteroide, inhibiteurs potentiels d'enzymes dans la biosynthese des steroides. Dans la premiere partie de ce travail, nous avons developpe une nouvelle methode de synthese de composes tricycliques a atome d'azote ponte. La (+/-)-10-hydroxy-13-methylcyclohexa[a]quinolizidine 27 a ete synthetisee a partir de la 2-ethylpyridine. L'association de trois etapes cles (metallation laterale-addition nucleophile, annelation de Robinson et N-alkylation intramoleculaire) nous a conduits au compose tricyclique 27 avec un rendement global de 16 % (douze etapes) dans la conformation trans-anti-trans, similaire a la conformation naturelle des steroides. Par ailleurs, l'application de ce schema reactionnel nous a permis d'elaborer deux nouvelles cyclohexa[a]indolizidines ainsi qu'un nouvel intermediaire fonctionnalise nous permettant d'envisager la preparation de molecules a activite biologique potentielle. Enfin, dans le deuxieme chapitre, nous avons mis au point une nouvelle synthese d'une structure bicyclique a l'aide de la reaction de couplage croise et de la condensation de Dieckmann. A partir des acides 2-hydroxy- et 2-chloro-6-methylnicotiniques, la 2-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-5-one 81 a ete prepare avec un rendement global de 52 % a 62 %, via de nouveaux intermediaires pyridiniques 2,3-difonctionnalises.
Direct calibration of a totally implantable pulsed Doppler ultrasonic blood flowmeter (1977)

A totally implantable pulsed Doppler ultrasonic blood flowmeter has recently been developed to provide information on the velocity-flow profile in a vessel as well as its diameter. Volume flow can be indirectly obtained according to the formula: Q = (phi/4)(diam)2-v. In order to determine the accuracy of this estimate, in vivo direct bleedout measurements were performed on the abdominal aorta of six dogs with an overall accuracy in 77 trials of +2.0 +/- 8.7% (mean +/- 1 SD). The best-fit mean linear regression line was found to be: flowmeter output = 1.013-true flow + 5.1 ml/min. The scatter in the flowmeter's accuracy is thought to be due to small variations in the angle of the transducer. The source of the 2% overestimation in the mean accuracy could not be directly attributed to any one condition; the error is sufficiently small that in many cases it can be neglected.
Formation of Phenoxynorbornane Pendant Groups by Acid-Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation of Poly(hydroxystyrene) and Its Application to Photopatterning (2019)

Poly(hydroxystyrene) (PHS) reacts with norbornene in the presence of acid to form a phenoxynorbornane pendent group through the hydroalkoxylation of the norbornene double bond by the phenol -OH group of PHS. Films of PHS, an aqueous base soluble polymer, containing norbornene derivatives and a photoacid generator (PAG) create a negative tone photopatternable composition. Acid generated in the exposed regions of the film promotes the hydroalkoxylation reaction generating the phenoxynorbornane pendent group, rendering the film insoluble in an aqueous base developer. Both dinorbornene and mononorbornene-functional additives were evaluated. In the case of the mononorbornene additive, a unique example of a negative tone photopatterned film that can be reworked after patterning by dissolution in a mild solvent at room temperature was demonstrated. Polymers containing aliphatic alcohol and carboxylic acid pendant functionalities could be photopatterned in the presence of dinorbornene additives showing the generality of this method.
Sirt3 protects dopaminergic neurons from mitochondrial oxidative stress (2017)

Age-dependent elevation in mitochondrial oxidative stress is widely posited to be a major factor underlying the loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, mechanistic links between aging and oxidative stress are not well understood. Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) is a mitochondrial deacetylase that could mediate this connection. Indeed, genetic deletion of Sirt3 increased oxidative stress and decreased the membrane potential of mitochondria in SNc dopaminergic neurons. This change was attributable to increased acetylation and decreased activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Site directed mutagenesis of lysine 68 to glutamine (K68Q), mimicking acetylation, decreased MnSOD activity in SNc dopaminergic neurons, whereas mutagenesis of lysine 68 to arginine (K68R), mimicking deacetylation, increased activity. Introduction of K68R MnSOD rescued mitochondrial redox status and membrane potential of SNc dopaminergic neurons from Sirt3 knockouts. Moreover, deletion of DJ-1, which helps orchestrate nuclear oxidant defenses and Sirt3 in mice led to a clear age-related loss of SNc dopaminergic neurons. Lastly, K68 acetylation of MnSOD was significantly increased in the SNc of PD patients. Taken together, our studies suggest that an age-related decline in Sirt3 protective function is a major factor underlying increasing mitochondrial oxidative stress and loss of SNc dopaminergic neurons in PD.
630nm Wavelength GaInP/AlInP Multi-Quantum Well (MQW) Lasers Grown on Misorientation Substrates by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy (GSMBE) (1991)

1991 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,630nm Wavelength GaInP/AlInP Multi-Quantum Well (MQW) Lasers Grown on Misorientation Substrates by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy (GSMBE)
Microcolumn liquid chromatography: a tool of potential significance in biomedical research. (1980)

Recent progress in the area of microcolumn HPLC is reviewed with an emphasis on biomedically important directions. The potential of high efficiency separations, additional advantages of solvent economy, and the development of new detection and ancillary techniques of high-performance liquid chromatography are also discussed.
Analysis of the disintegrin-metalloproteinases family reveals ADAM29 and ADAM7 are often mutated in melanoma (2011)

We performed a mutational analysis of the 19 disintegrin-metalloproteinases (ADAMs) genes in human cutaneous metastatic melanoma and identified eight to be somatically mutated in 79 samples, affecting 34% of the melanoma tumors analyzed. Functional analysis of the two frequently mutated ADAM genes, ADAM29 and ADAM7 demonstrated that the mutations affect adhesion of melanoma cells to specific extracellular matrix proteins and in some cases increase their migration ability. This suggests that mutated ADAM genes could play a role in melanoma progression.
<i>Aloe arborescens</i> and American cranberry (<i>Vaccinium macrocarpon</i>) extracts inhibit tumor-induced cutaneous angiogenesis in mice (2013)

Research in cancer control indicates the importance of adjuvant and complementary therapies. Medicinal plants are a rich source of substances that might be used for this purpose. Aloe vera (Aloe arborescens, Aloe barbadensis Mill) plants are succulents belonging to the Lillacea family. Aloe leaves contain many physiologically active substances with indirect and direct anti-tumor activity etc. Cranberries are a group of evergreen plants in the subgenus Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium. Anticancer properties of cranberries were also described, hypothetically connected to their potential antiangiogenic activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the &lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt; effect of three commercially available preparations of the aforementioned plants on the neovascular reaction observed after intradermal injection of syngeneic sarcoma or xenogeneic (human) lung and kidney cancer cells. We have shown that, additionally to their immunostimulatory properties, Aloe and cranberry preparations behave as tumor angiogenesis inhibitors. We also present a tumor-induced cutaneous angiogenesis (TIA) test as a valuable method for &lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt; quantitative evaluation of activity of various anti-angiogenic compounds. As the extension of these studies it would be prudent to compare antiangiogenic potential of the assessed preparations with antiangiogenic compounds with clinically confirmed anticancer efficiency. It would facilitate reasoning about potential efficiency of these plant extracts, particularly in immunocompromised cancer patients, complementary to their standard therapies.
Dual-polarized Dual-band Mobile 5G Antenna Array (2018)

In this paper, a dual-band dual-polarized phased antenna array for 5G mobile terminals is proposed. The array has a bandwidth of 3.6 GHz and two resonances at 30.5 and 32.8 GHz. The array has a clearance of 2.85 mm and fed with two ports in simulation to excite the notch and dipole parts of the proposed antenna structure. Finally, the proposed antenna element is combined into two arrays with different configurations. It is shown that it is better to use the array of 8 elements than to use two 4-element sub-arrays with orthogonal orientation.
Sustainable Transportation Networks Incorporating Green Modes for Urban Freight Delivery (2022)

The sustainability of transportation networks is threatened by growing amounts of emissions generated by vehicles. Urban freight delivery is one of the major sources of these emissions. Cargo cycles are attracting increasing attention for urban delivery owing to their numerous benefits, such as being less pollutant, requiring less space on roads, and high maneuverability. Electric vans have also been proposed as another green mode of freight delivery with a larger delivery capacity and range relative to cargo cycles. In this study, urban freight delivery is targeted through a heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem. The proposed framework is used to capture the optimal configuration of a mixed freight delivery fleet offering cargo cycles (i.e., pedal-assisted bikes and trikes as well as electric bikes and trikes) alongside the often-used diesel or gasoline vans or small trucks and electric vans. The formulated problem aims to minimize the delivery costs for companies, including maintenance, purchase, fuel, and labor costs and noise and emission taxes. The methodological contribution of this study is to develop a new metaheuristic algorithm, based on variable neighborhood search and simulated annealing, that finds a better solution with up to 7% lower objective function value and 50% to 80% lower solution times relative to the existing approaches in the literature. This study also demonstrates that bikes and trikes are selected at short delivery distances in the Chicago downtown network. Electric vans are more suitable for large distances, while cargo vans are selected for medium distances. Imposing an emission tax would change the model from cargo vans to electric vans. The results also show that increasing tax levels does not necessarily reduce societal costs because the delivery company tends to maintain its profit margin by increasing delivery costs for customers.
Synthesis of hydrophilic polymers in supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of a siloxane‐based macromonomer surfactant: Heterogeneous polymerization of 1‐vinyl‐2 pyrrolidone (2003)

Abstract Batch free radical polymerization of 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (VP) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) was studied in the presence of a reactive polysiloxane surfactant (PDMS‐mMA). Phase behavior investigation showed that when the initial concentration of the surface active macromonomer was higher than 2.5% w/w with respect to the monomer, the reaction mixture, in the absence of efficient stirring, was initially opaque to the visible light, and it slowly turned to an orange tint. Polymerization experiments carried out with surfactant concentration higher than the aforementioned value proceeded with a fast kinetics, and led to the formation of spherical nanoparticles with almost quantitative yields (higher than 98% with a reaction time lower than 70 min). The effect of the concentration of the surface active macromonomer, the initiator and the monomer, and of the density of the fluid phase on the kinetics of the process and on the morphology of the particles was investigated. A marked decrease of the number‐average diameter of the polymer particles with the surfactant concentration was obtained without any particle agglomeration. A dependence on [Initiator] −0.16 of the particle diameter was observed. Such scaling law exhibits an exponent higher than any previously reported for dispersion processes and rather close to those foreseeable on the basis of Smith–Harkins kinetics for emulsion polymerization. Collected experimental results strongly suggest that the polymerization of VP in the presence of PDMS‐mMA could proceed with a nucleation mechanism different from that postulated in pure dispersion polymerization stabilized by graft‐forming surfactants. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 173–185, 2004
All-channel concentric allocation in cellular systems (2002)

A dynamic channel assignment algorithm for cellular systems, i.e., all-channel concentric allocation (ACCA), is proposed, and its performance is evaluated by computer simulation. Computer simulations show that system capacity (offered traffic at a blocking rate of 3%) is improved by a factor of 2.5 compared to conventional fixed channel assignment (FCA). A transmitter power control (TPC) is designated to cooperate with ACCA and enhance system capacity. Simulations confirm that ACCA with TPC accomplishes a system capacity 3.4 times greater than FCA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>