gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Active Ensemble Sampling For Image Classification (2022)

Conventional active learning (AL) frameworks aim to reduce the cost of data annotation by actively requesting the labeling for the most informative data points. However, introducing AL to data hungry deep learning algorithms has been a challenge. Some proposed approaches include uncertainty-based techniques, geometric methods, implicit combination of uncertainty-based and geometric approaches, and more recently, frameworks based on semi/self supervised techniques. In this paper, we address two specific problems in this area. The first is the need for efficient exploitation/exploration trade-off in sample selection in AL. For this, we present an innovative integration of recent progress in both uncertainty-based and geometric frameworks to enable an efficient exploration/exploitation trade-off in sample selection strategy. To this end, we build on a computationally efficient approximate of Thompson sampling with key changes as a posterior estimator for uncertainty representation. Our framework provides two advantages: (1) accurate posterior estimation, and (2) tune-able trade-off between computational overhead and higher accuracy. The second problem is the need for improved training protocols in deep AL. For this, we use ideas from semi/self supervised learning to propose a general approach that is independent of the specific AL technique being used. Taken these together, our framework shows a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art, with results that are comparable to the performance of supervised-learning under the same setting. We show empirical results of our framework, and comparative performance with the state-of-the-art on four datasets, namely, MNIST, CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and ImageNet to establish a new baseline in two different settings.
Differential effects of arsenic trioxide on chemosensitization in human hepatic tumor and stellate cell lines (2012)

ATO differentially sensitizes hepatic tumor cells and adult hepatic stellate cells to 5-FU and sorafenib. Given the importance of both of these cell types in hepatocarcinogenesis, these data have implications for the rational development of anti-cancer therapy combinations for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Network analysis of temporal effects of intermittent and sustained hypoxia on rat lungs (2008)

intermittent and sustained hypoxia induced distinct gene expression patterns in rat lungs. The functional characteristics of genes activated by these two distinct perturbations suggest their roles in the downstream physiological effects of intermittent and sustained hypoxia. Our results demonstrate the discovery potential of applying systems biology approaches to the understanding of mechanisms underlying hypoxic lung response.
Structural heterogeneity yet high similarity of the microbial community on reverse osmosis membrane-driven biofilms during seawater desalination (2020)

Heterogeneous morphologies and similar microbial communities of fouled reverse osmosis membranes were investigated between first and last membrane elements.
Usability evaluation for the Amulet Wearable Device in rural older adults with obesity (2018)

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions hold the promise of augmenting existing health promotion interventions. Older adults present unique challenges in advancing new models of health promotion using technology including sensory limitations and less experience with mHealth, underscoring the need for specialized usability testing. We use an open-source mHealth device as a case example for its integration in a newly designed health services intervention. We performed a convergent, parallel mixed-methods study including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires, using purposive sampling of 29 older adults, 4 community leaders and 7 clinicians in a rural setting We transcribed the data, developed codes informed by thematic analysis using inductive and deductive methods, and assessed the quantitative data using descriptive statistics. Our results suggest the importance of end-users in user-centered design of mHealth devices and that aesthetics are critically important. The prototype could potentially be feasibly integrated within health behavior interventions. Centralized dashboards were desired by all participants and ecological momentary assessment could be an important part of monitoring. Concerns of mHealth, including the prototype device, include the device's accuracy, its intrusiveness in daily life and privacy. Formative evaluations are critically important prior to deploying large-scale interventions.
Optical determination of shallow carrier profiles using Fourier transform infrared ellipsometry (1998)

Dopant profiles were determined by ex situ Fourier transform infrared variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry. The technique exploits carrier absorption in the mid-infrared spectral range and combines the sensitivity of ellipsometry with a simple Drude free carrier absorption model to determine the carrier profile. The noncontact, nondestructive nature of the measurement suggests both ex situ and in situ monitoring and control applications. In this study, the carrier profiles were modeled as graded multilayers that can be constrained to a given functional form (Gaussian, erfc, etc.) when desired. Boron and arsenic implanted silicon wafers that were rapid thermal anneal and furnace annealed were measured and compared to spreading resistance probe data.
Machining with niobium carbide based tools (2018)

The present work deals with Niobcarbid (NbC). Strategic reflections on tungsten carbide and more and more stringent toxicological restrictions for cobalt associated for both with spiraling stock market prices have attracted recently some attention for Niobium carbide as a substitute for tungsten carbide in machining.
Persistent shoulder pain: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis. (2005)

Persistent shoulder pain is a very common condition that often has a multifactorial underlying pathology and is associated with high societal cost and patient burden. In 2000, the direct costs for the treatment of shoulder dysfunction in the United States totaled $7 billion. Persistent shoulder pain can result from bursitis, tendinitis, rotator cuff tear, adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, avascular necrosis, glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA), and other causes of degenerative joint disease or from traumatic injury, either in combination or as a separate entity. Rotator cuff disorders, adhesive capsulitis, and glenohumeral OA are all common causes of persistent shoulder pain, accounting for about 10%, 6%, and 2% to 5%, respectively, of all shoulder pain. All 3 conditions have complex etiologies, but they can be diagnosed in the majority of patients on the basis of medical history, focused physical examination, and plain film radiographs. This brief review and the following articles in this supplement focus on persistent shoulder pain associated with rotator cuff disorders, adhesive capsulitis, and glenohumeral OA.
Local versus Global Strategies in Social Query Expansion (2019)

Link sharing in social media can be seen as a collaboratively retrieved set of documents for a query or topic expressed by a hashtag. Temporal information plays an important role for identifying the correct context for which such annotations are valid for retrieval purposes. We investigate how social data as temporal context can be used for query expansion and compare global versus local strategies for computing such contextual information for a set of hashtags.
Optimum Processing Conditions for the Maximum Crystallization Rate of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (2022)

Abstract The effect of thermal and shear histories on the crystallization rate of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) was studied. As with other crystalline polymers, the shear history greatly affected the crystallization rate when the shear rate was beyond a critical value, i.e., the inverse of the Rouse relaxation time. Even after the formation of extended chain crystals, spherulite texture was clearly discernable. It grew from certain points on the extended chain crystals. Consequently, a row of spherulites appeared along the flow direction. The resin temperature in the molten state was also significant. When the sample was heated to 170°C, which is beyond the main melting peak in the differential scanning calorimetry curve, unmolten crystals did not affect the linear viscoelastic properties. They acted as effective nucleating agents for the rest of the polymer during cooling. Therefore, the shear history hardly affected the crystallization rate and the number of spherulites.
Growth and Biochemical Characteristics of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Sensitive or Resistant to Lysozyme* (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGrowth and Biochemical Characteristics of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Sensitive or Resistant to Lysozyme*A. L. N. Prasad and Gerald LitwackCite this: Biochemistry 1965, 4, 3, 496–501Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00879a018https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00879a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Observation of Atom Rows in Thorium Pyromellitate Using a Field Emission STEM (1977)

It is interesting to observe polymers at atomic size resolution. Some works have been reported for thorium pyromellitate by using a STEM (1), or a CTEM (2,3). The results showed that this polymer forms a chain in which thorium atoms are arranged. However, the distance between adjacent thorium atoms varies over a wide range (0.4-1.3nm) according to the different authors. The present authors have also observed thorium pyromellitate specimens by means of a field emission STEM, described in reference 4. The specimen was prepared by placing a drop of thorium pyromellitate in 10 -3 CH 3 OH solution onto an amorphous carbon film about 2nm thick. The dark field image is shown in Fig. 1A. Thorium atoms are clearly observed as regular atom rows having a spacing of 0.85nm. This lattice gradually deteriorated by successive observations. The image changed to granular structures, as shown in Fig. 1B, which was taken after four scanning frames.
Adiabatic Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Back Electron Transfer in a Series of Axially Substituted Silicon Phthalocyanine Triads (2008)

A series of new electron acceptor bearing silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) triads have been synthesized, using the six-coordinated nature of the central silicon atom, by attachment of two electron-acceptor units, fullerene SiPc−(C60)2, trinitrofluorenone SiPc−(TNF)2, and trinitrodicyanomethylenefluorene SiPc−(TNDCF)2. The redox and photophysical properties of SiPc triads in benzonitrile are determined to evaluate the energy of the charge-separated (CS) states and driving force of photoinduced electron transfer in SiPc triads. Photoexcitation of SiPc triads in benzonitrile results in efficient formation of the CS states, which were detected by femtosecond laser flash photolysis measurements. The fate of the CS state whether it decays to the triplet excited-state of the SiPc unit or to the ground-state was examined by nanosecond laser flash photolysis measurements for the longer time scale. The driving force dependence of the rate constants of photoinduced electron transfer and back electron transfer in SiPc triads is analyzed in light of the Marcus theory of adiabatic intramolecular electron transfer.
Studies on the bacterial flora of fish which are potential pathogens for human. Virulence factors of potential human pathogen isolated. (1994)

Tests for various virulence factors, such as production of haemolysin on sheep blood agar plate, cytotoxin on HeLa cell line and enterotoxin in GM-1 ELISA and suckling mouse assay model, were done among the various strains of Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Plesiomonas shigelloides and Esch. coli isolated from fresh water fish samples. Invasive properties of the isolates were also seen by using Sereny test. Haemolysin production was observed in 85.7% of Aeromonas, all (100%) of Vibrios, 13.3% of Esch. coli and none (0%) of P. shigelloides strains. Cytotoxin production was demonstrated in 60.8% of Aeromonas, 38.4% of Vibrios and none (0%) of P. shigelloides and Esch. coli strains. About 8% of Vibrio spp., were found positive for LT in GM-1 ELISA method whereas, none of the Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas and Esch. coli. strains were found positive for LT and ST in GM-1 ELISA. By suckling mouse assay model 43.4% strains of Aeromonas were found positive for enterotoxin production whereas, strains of Vibrio spp., Plesiomonas and Esch. coli yielded negative results. Sereny test for invasive property was found negative in all the strains tested. The isolates from fish possess various virulence factors which contributes for pathogenicity in order to cause various diseases to susceptible individual.
Hypoxia-responsive nanomedicine to overcome tumor microenvironment-mediated resistance to chemo-photodynamic therapy (2022)

Hypoxia is a feature of solid tumors that greatly hinders cancer treatment. Here, we developed hypoxia-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) that selectively release chlorin e6 (Ce6) and paclitaxel (PTX) under hypoxic conditions. To prepare the hypoxia-responsive NPs, PTX-loaded HSA NPs (PHNPs) were functionalized with 4,4′-azodianiline (Azo) as a linker for the PHNPs and Ce6 (CA/PHNPs). The CA/PHNPs were then functionalized with RGD-conjugated poly(ethylene glycol) (RP/CA/PHNPs). The azo group (-NN-) present in Azo was reductively cleaved under hypoxic conditions to release Ce6 and PTX. The release of Ce6 due to azo cleavage under hypoxia resulted in a uniform distribution of Ce6 within HeLa cells and spheroids, enhancing antitumor activity even in a hypoxic environment. The RP/CA/PHNPs also showed excellent antitumor effects in a HeLa cell xenograft mouse model. Thus, this strategy for controlling the drug distribution within a hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) potentially represents a very effective strategy for the removal of solid tumors with a hypoxic TME by improving the efficiency of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
A Critical Review on Electric Field-Assisted Membrane Processes: Implications for Fouling Control, Water Recovery, and Future Prospects (2021)

Electrofiltration, an electric field-assisted membrane process, has been a research topic of growing popularity due to its ability to improve membrane performance by providing in situ antifouling conditions in a membrane system. The number of reports on electrofiltration have increased exponentially over the past two decades. These reports explored many innovations, such as novel configurations of an electric field, engineered membrane materials, and interesting designs of foulant compositions and membrane modules. Recent electrofiltration literature focused mainly on compiling results without a comprehensive comparative analysis across different works. The main objective of this critical review is to, first, organize, compare and contrast the results across various electrofiltration studies; second, discuss various types of mechanisms that could be incorporated into electrofiltration and their effect on membrane system performance; third, characterize electrofiltration phenomenon; fourth, interpret the effects of various operational conditions on the performance of electrofiltration; fifth, evaluate the state-of-the-art knowledge associated with modeling efforts in electrofiltration; sixth, discuss the energy costs related to the implementation of electrofiltration; and finally, identify the current knowledge gaps that hinder the transition of the lab-scale observations to industry-scale electrofiltration as well as the future prospects of electrofiltration.
RC polyphase filter as complex analog Hilbert filter (2016)

This paper presents that the RC polyphase filter has characteristics as a complex analog Hilbert filter. Phase characteristics of the RC polyphase filter have the same as the Hilbert filter. Also its gain characteristics can be approximated as the Hilbert filter; as its order becomes higher, its gain characteristics become closer to the Hilbert filter. We have proved these for 1st to 4th RC polyphase filters, as well as in general n-th order case, and also confirmed with numerical simulations.
Therapeutic Treatment of Nipah Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primates with a Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody (2014)

Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe and often fatal disease in pigs and humans. There are currently no vaccines or treatments approved for human use. Studies in small-animal models of NiV infection suggest that antibody therapy may be a promising treatment. However, most studies have assessed treatment at times shortly after virus exposure before animals show signs of disease. We assessed the efficacy of a fully human monoclonal antibody, m102.4, at several time points after virus exposure including at the onset of clinical illness in a uniformly lethal nonhuman primate model of NiV disease. Sixteen African green monkeys (AGMs) were challenged intratracheally with a lethal dose of NiV, and 12 animals were infused twice with m102.4 (15 mg/kg) beginning at either 1, 3, or 5 days after virus challenge and again about 2 days later. The presence of viral RNA, infectious virus, and/or NiV-specific immune responses demonstrated that all subjects were infected after challenge. All 12 AGMs that received m102.4 survived infection, whereas the untreated control subjects succumbed to disease between days 8 and 10 after infection. AGMs in the day 5 treatment group exhibited clinical signs of disease, but all animals recovered by day 16. These results represent the successful therapeutic in vivo efficacy by an investigational drug against NiV in a nonhuman primate and highlight the potential impact that a monoclonal antibody can have on a highly pathogenic zoonotic human disease.
FRaeppli, a multispectral imaging toolbox for cell tracing and dense tissue analysis in zebrafish (2022)

Abstract Visualizing cell shapes, interactions and lineages of differentiating cells is instrumental for understanding organ development and repair. Across species, strategies for stochastic multicolour labelling have greatly facilitated tracking cells in in vivo and mapping neuronal connectivity. Nevertheless, integrating multi-fluorophore information into the context of developing tissues in zebrafish is challenging given their cytoplasmic localization and spectral incompatibility with commonly used fluorescent markers. Here, we developed FRaeppli ( F ish- Raeppli ) expressing bright membrane-or nuclear-targeted fluorescent proteins for efficient cell shape analysis and tracking. High spatiotemporal activation flexibility is provided by the Gal4/UAS system together with Cre/lox and/or PhiC31integrase. The distinct spectra of the FRaeppli fluorescent proteins allow simultaneous imaging with GFP and infrared subcellular reporters or tissue landmarks. By tailoring hyperspectral protocols for time-efficient acquisition, we demonstrate FRaeppli’s suitability for live imaging of complex internal organs, like the liver. Combining FRaeppli with polarity markers revealed previously unknown canalicular topologies between differentiating hepatocytes, reminiscent of the mammalian liver, suggesting shared developmental mechanisms. The multispectral FRaeppli toolbox thus enables the comprehensive analysis of intricate cellular morphologies, topologies and tissue lineages at single-cell resolution in zebrafish.
The 5-HT1A Receptor Antagonist p-MPPI Blocks Responses Mediated by Postsynaptic and Presynaptic 5-HT1A Receptors (1997)

The present experiments examined the ability of the novel 5-HT1A receptor antagonist to block responses mediated by postsynaptic and presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in vivo. Pretreatment with p-MPPI reduced or blocked the effect of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on two responses mediated by postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, reduction of body temperature and the 5-HT behavioral syndrome. Administration of p-MPPI alone did not alter body temperature or produce symptoms of the 5-HT syndrome. Pretreatment with p-MPPI also blocked the ability of 8-OH-DPAT to reduce extracellular 5-HT in the striatum, a response mediated by presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus, but did not alter striatal 5-HT when administered alone. These results indicate that p-MPPI is an effective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist in vivo with no intrinsic activity. p-MPPI may prove to be a useful pharmacological tool for studying 5-HT1A receptors and their involvement in anxiety and affective disorders.
A novel compact suspended stripline bandpass filter using open-loop resonators technology with transmission zeroes (2007)

This paper presents a technique for an transmission zero implementation into the suspended stripline bandpass filters characteristic. Two 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> order filters using the open-loop resonators based on a meandered half-wavelength line topology have been fabricated in order to illustrate these results. Transmission zeroes on both sides of the passband can be achieved.
Michigan Manual of Plastic Surgery (2004)

Michigan manual of plastic surgery / , Michigan manual of plastic surgery / , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
Intranasal Vaccination with Pneumococcal Surface Protein A and Interleukin-12 Augments Antibody-Mediated Opsonization and Protective Immunity againstStreptococcus pneumoniaeInfection (2001)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen in humans that enters the host primarily through the respiratory tract. Targeting mucosal surfaces directly may therefore be an optimal approach for vaccination to prevent bacterial colonization and invasive disease. We have previously demonstrated the effectiveness of interleukin-12 (IL-12) delivered intransally (i.n.) as an antiviral respiratory adjuvant. In this study, we examined the effects of i.n. IL-12 treatment on induction of protective humoral immunity against S. pneumoniae. Immunization i.n. with pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and IL-12 resulted in enhanced lung IL-10 mRNA expression and marked augmentation of respiratory and systemic immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2a, and IgA antibody levels compared to those in animals receiving PspA alone. In addition, i.n. vaccination with PspA and IL-12 provided increased protection against nasopharyngeal carriage. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a threefold increase in antibody-mediated, complement-independent opsonic activity in the sera of PspA- and IL-12-treated animals, which was mainly contributed by IgG2a and, to a lesser extent, IgA. Passive transfer of these immune sera conferred complete protection from death upon systemic pneumococcal challenge. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of combining PspA and IL-12 at mucosal sites to achieve optimal antibody-mediated opsonization and killing of S. pneumoniae.