gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amixicile, a Novel Inhibitor of Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase, Shows Efficacy against Clostridium difficile in a Mouse Infection Model (2012)

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a serious diarrheal disease that often develops following prior antibiotic usage. One of the major problems with current therapies (oral vancomycin and metronidazole) is the high rate of recurrence. Nitazoxanide (NTZ), an inhibitor of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) in anaerobic bacteria, parasites, Helicobacter pylori, and Campylobacter jejuni, also shows clinical efficacy against CDI. From a library of ∼250 analogues of NTZ, we identified leads with increased potency for PFOR. MIC screens indicated in vitro activity in the 0.05- to 2-μg/ml range against C. difficile. To improve solubility, we replaced the 2-acetoxy group with propylamine, producing amixicile, a soluble (10 mg/ml), nontoxic (cell-based assay) lead that produced no adverse effects in mice by oral or intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes at 200 mg/kg of body weight/day. In initial efficacy testing in mice treated (20 mg/kg/day, 5 days each) 1 day after receiving a lethal inoculum of C. difficile, amixicile showed slightly less protection than did vancomycin by day 5. However, in an optimized CDI model, amixicile showed equivalence to vancomycin and fidaxomicin at day 5 and there was significantly greater survival produced by amixicile than by the other drugs on day 12. All three drugs were comparable by measures of weight loss/gain and severity of disease. Recurrence of CDI was common for mice treated with vancomycin or fidaxomicin but not for mice receiving amixicile or NTZ. These results suggest that gut repopulation with beneficial (non-PFOR) bacteria, considered essential for protection against CDI, rebounds much sooner with amixicile therapy than with vancomycin or fidaxomicin. If the mouse model is indeed predictive of human CDI disease, then amixicile, a novel PFOR inhibitor, appears to be a very promising new candidate for treatment of CDI.
A new miniaturized antenna for ISM 433 MHz frequency band (2010)

A new miniaturized antenna for 433MHz frequency band is introduced for sensor networks. The antenna is a magnetic monopole loaded with a capacitor, which can significantly decrease the resonant frequency of the structure. It is designed to operate in the ISM 433MHz band on a small PCB (103mm⋆55mm) and has at least 3MHz bandwidth. Moreover, its radiation efficiency is suitable for the possible applications and its pattern is omnidirectionnal.
Benefit of biologics in the treatment of severe chronic rhinusinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP)- results after one year (2022)

Severe chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis leads to a severe reduction in quality of life. If therapy with conservative as well as surgical measures does not lead to symptom improvement, biologics represent a new therapy option. Regulatory studies have already shown a decrease in polyp size, an improvement in the ability to smell and in the quality of life. So far, Dupilumab and Omalizumab have been approved as add-on therapy to topical corticosteroids in Germany for severe CRSwNP. We report results after one year of treatment with Dupilumab.
Theoretical study of the impact of bulk and interface recombination on the performance of GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple junction tandem solar cells (2003)

The impact of interface recombination on the performance of the GaInP/GaAs/Ge monolithic triple junction tandem cell operating under one sun AM1.5 global spectrum as well as under one sun and concentrated AM1.5 direct spectrum is investigated taking into account doping dependent parameters and bandgap narrowing. An optimum structure is proposed and values for the maximum possible efficiency are estimated. Comparison with reported experimental results confirms the accuracy of the analysis and leads to values of the efficiency potentially achievable with relatively good surface passivation.
Quantitative Analysis on Temperature-dependent Raman Scattering of InP-OI Films and InP Nanostructures (2022)

The temperature dependence of Raman scattering in nanostructures can be strongly influenced by various effects including strain and photoexcited carriers. We studied the Raman scattering of InP-OI films over a temperature range of 300 K to 840 K. In view of applying Raman spectroscopy for thermometry of self-heating devices, we compared different temperature-dependent features of Raman spectra: While the temperature dependence of the Stokes peak shift and Stokes/anti-Stokes ratio can be used in InP bulk and thin films, the Stokes peak linewidth results in the best fit and is the most appropriate method for thermal calibration on InP nanostructures. Using these results, we quantified the temperature increase in InP nanoresonators.
Lithium-ion battery dynamic model for wide range of operating conditions (2017)

In order to analyze the dynamic behavior of a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery and to determine their suitability for various applications, battery models are needed. An equivalent electrical circuit model is the most common way of representing the behavior of a Li-ion battery. There are different circuit models proposed and various techniques for parameterization of these models available in literature. Nevertheless, in this paper a second order equivalent circuit is proposed and the current pulse technique is used for its parameterization. This study shows results of extensive experimental characterization tests performed for a wide range of operating conditions (temperature, load current and state-of-charge) on a commercial available 13Ah high-power lithium titanate oxide battery cell. The obtained results were used to parametrize the proposed dynamic model of the battery cell. To assess the accuracy of the proposed dynamic model, simulation results are presented and compared against laboratory measurements, performed for different conditions.
ESOPHAGOBRONCHIAL FISTULA SECONDARY TO PULMONARY ACTINOMYCOSIS AND BRONCHOLITHIASIS (2003)

s Submitted for the 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Gastroenterology October 10-15, 2003, Baltimore, Maryland: CLINICAL VIGNETTES: PDF Only
Supplementary File 1_Rank List from Pathway-Enriched Gene Signature Associated with 53BP1 Response to PARP Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Rank list of transcriptome of sensitive cell lines divided by resistant cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Enhancement of anomalous Hall effect in epitaxial thin films of intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 with Fermi-level tuning (2022)

The recently discovered intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 has attracted keen interest for exotic quantum states such as a quantum anomalous Hall insulator and an axion insulator. Such quantum states of MnBi2Te4 have been intensively studied mainly in atomically thin exfoliated samples, yet thin film samples with critically tuned Fermi level would be indispensable for further pursuit of topological functionality in MnBi2Te4 and related heterointerfaces. Here, we report on fabrication of an Sb-doped MnBi2Te4 thin film by molecular beam epitaxy and their transport properties. The Sb-substitution induces the change in the carrier type and the subsequent increase in resistivity, demonstrating the tuning of the Fermi level (EF) across the bulk bandgap and the phase change to the topologically nontrivial phase. The EF is further finely controlled in a field-effect transistor device. We observe the enhancement of the anomalous Hall conductivity at the charge neutral point, confirming the opening of the magnetic exchange gap in surface Dirac states. The precise control of the band structure and the Fermi level in the thin-film form will lead to exploring exotic phenomena based on intrinsic magnetic topological insulators.
Antenna system for interference reduction in a mobile handset (2002)

This work investigates the possible SINR gain, which can be obtained by using a low complexity predetection antenna system on a handheld phone. The antenna system consists of two antenna elements where the phase and amplitude is altered prior to a RF combining. A new algorithm for predicting the weights has been proposed and evaluated, which is specifically suitable for a GSM handset. The algorithm is developed for non-synchronized networks. The evaluation of the algorithm is based on measurements of incoming multipath fields received by a pair of antenna elements, which is mounted on a dummy handset. The measurements were carried out in a typical GSM-1800 urban environment. The results show the potential for a significant improvement of the SINR for a slow moving user.
Non‐contact immunological signaling for highly‐efficient regulation of the transcriptional map of human monocytes (2023)

The different immune system cells communicate and coordinate a response using a complex and evolved language of cytokines and chemokines. These cellular interactions carry out multiple functions in distinct cell types with numerous developmental outcomes. Despite the plethora of different cytokines and their cognate receptors, there is a restricted number of signal transducers and activators to control immune responses. Herein, we report on a new class of immunomodulatory signaling molecules based on volatile molecules (VMs, namely, volatile organic compounds [VOCs]), by which they can affect and/or control immune cell behavior and transcriptomic profile without any physical contact with other cells. The study demonstrates the role of VMs by analyzing non-contact cell communication between normal and cancerous lung cells and U937 monocytes, which are key players in the tumor microenvironment. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analyses showed the suggested regulatory role of VMs released from normal and cancer cells on neighboring monocytes in several molecular pathways, including PI3K/AKT, PPAR, and HIF-1. Presented data provide an initial platform for a new class of immunomodulatory molecules that can potentially mirror the genomic and proteomic profile of cells, thereby paving the way toward non-invasive immunomonitoring.
Efficient capacitive transduction of high-frequency micromechanical resonators by intrinsic cancellation of parasitic feedthrough capacitances (2010)

Parasitic feedthrough capacitances represent a generic issue for capacitively transduced microelectromechanical resonators. Those parasitic capacitances degrade the output signal’s magnitude and phase by increasing the feedthrough signal and attenuating the resonance peak because of the resulting antiresonance peak. Whereas classical capacitive actuation/detection schemes only partially circumvent this issue, this work presents a specific, balanced, set-up that intrinsically cancels the effects of feedthrough capacitances. The resonator can recover its intrinsic purely RLC behavior thanks to this method which preferentially applies to given bulk modes, such as Lamé for plates and elliptic for disks. It has been experimentally tested on 100 MHz plates and disks.
Nonlinear adaptive control of the NeuroMuscular Blockade in anesthesia (2011)

This paper presents a nonlinear adaptive control strategy based on the Wiener model for control of the Neuro-Muscular Blockade in anesthesia. The structure combines the inversion of the static nonlinearity present in the Wiener model with a pole-placement controller for the linearized system. The overall strategy exploits identification of a minimally parameterized model for the description of the effect of the muscle relaxant atracurium in the NeuroMuscular Blockade. An Extended Kalman Filter was developed for that purpose, providing estimates of the model parameters for both the linear controller and the blocks where the inversion of the static linearity is performed. Simulations were run in a database of 100 patients simulated with the standard physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the NeuroMuscular Blockade. The results show that the nonlinear adaptive controller performs well regarding reference following and tackles changes in the patient's dynamics. Noisy scenarios were also simulated to test the robustness of the proposed strategy.
Biomarker discovery and validation for Parkinson's Disease: A machine learning approach (2016)

Parkinson's disease is recognized as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, after Alzheimer's, however, diagnosis remains a challenging task with no gold standard clinical test available. The use of machine learning (ML) techniques has been seen across a wide array of applications in bioinformatics, including biomarker discovery and validation. Biomarkers are defined as an objective measure of biological parameters that can diagnose a disease, monitor its progression, or predict therapeutic pathologies. Biomarkers range from genetic and biochemical, to neuroimaging and clinical. Biomarker identification is a sequential and repetitive process that consists of many critical steps, including data-preprocessing, feature extraction, model selection and biomarker validation. This paper provides an overview of the symptoms of Parkison's disease, both motor and non-motor, as well as a description of the state-of-the-art biomarkers currently in use. Additionally, the paper provides a synopsis showcasing the several subdivisions of the discovery and validation process.
SUN-LB96 Basal Contralateral Aldosterone Suppression Is Rare in Lateralized Primary Aldosteronism and Can Be Useful in Predicting Surgical Outcome (2020)

Abstract Background: Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is performed to distinguish between unilateral or bilateral source of aldosterone in primary aldosteronism (PA). Unilateral aldosteronomas should lead to suppression of renin and contralateral (CL) aldosterone secretion, assessed by the CL suppression ratio. We recently found that CL aldosterone suppression was relatively rare using the ratio of basal aldosterone concentration of the opposite adrenal vein/periphery (AOPP/AP) in contrast to the traditional cortisol-corrected aldosterone ratio ((A/C)OPP(A/C)P). Pathology studies showed frequent zona glomerulosa (ZG) hyperplasia adjacent to a dominant aldosteronoma, which could also indicate probable ZG hyperplasia in the CL adrenal. The ratio of basal CL suppression could be a usefull parameter to predict cure following unilateral adrenalectomy (UA), but controversy remains in the literature. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the prevalence of basal CL suppression using the AOPP/AP ratio as compared to the (A/C)OPP/(A/C)P ratio at previously established cut-offs. 2. To determine the best cut-off to predict clinical and biochemical surgical cure in two Canadian referral centers. 3. To compare the accuracy of the AOPP/AP ratio to the basal lateralization ratio (LR) and the post-ACTH LR in predicting the surgical outcome. Methods: 330 patients with PA and successful bilateral simultaneous basal and post-ACTH stimulated AVS (selectivity index &amp;gt;2 basally and &amp;gt;5 post-ACTH) were included; 124 patients found to be lateralized underwent UA. The follow-up data were evaluated for clinical and biochemical cure at 3 and 12 months using the PASO criteria. Results: Using AOPP/AP and (A/C)OPP/(A/C)P at the cut-off of 1, the prevalence of CL suppression is 6% and 45%, respectively. The median CL suppression ratio is 2.3 (1.3-5.1) in lateralized cases of PA using AOPP/AP. Using ROC curves, the AOPP/AP ratio is associated with clinical cure at 3 and 12 months and biochemical cure at 12 months. (A/C)OPP/(A/C)P is associated with biochemical cure only. The cut-offs for AOPP/AP offering the best sensitivity and specificity for clinical and biochemical cures at 12 months are 2.15 (Se 63% and Sp 71%) and 6.15 (Se 84% and Sp 77%), respectively. Basal LR and post-ACTH LR are associated with clinical cure but only the post-ACTH LR is associated with biochemical cure. Conclusions: Basal CL suppression defined by the AOPP/AP ratio is rare and incomplete compared to the traditional (A/C)OPP/(A/C)P ratio in lateralized cases of PA. This may reflect the frequent micronodular hyperplasia adjacent to dominant aldosteronomas and possibly in the CL adrenal. Basal CL aldosterone suppression may predict clinical postoperative outcome, but with modest accuracy.
Synthes Cerebrovascular Award 132 Treatment of Ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms represent a heterogeneous subset of intracranial aneurysms, often with morphological features that influence treatment modality. METHODS: All patients with ruptured ACoA aneurysms enrolled in the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (BRAT), a prospective randomized clinical trial, from 2003 to 2007 were included in this subset study. Clinical follow-up of 1- and 3- years was analyzed and patient charts were reviewed for demographic data, aneurysm characteristics, and in-hospital complications. RESULTS: There were 130 patients with a mean age of 53 years in this cohort, of which 52 (40%) were female and 78 (60%) were male. Mean aneurysm size was 5.8 mm, most commonly projecting anteriorly (n = 52). After randomization and crossover, 91 (69.5%) were clipped and 39 (29.8%) were coiled. Twenty-two (16.9%) patients randomized to coiling crossed over to clipping after evaluation; no patients crossed over from clipping to coiling. Aneurysm characteristics deemed unsuitable for coiling included unfavorable dome-to-neck ratio, difficult catheter access, and branch vessel involvement without the ability to protect the parent vessel. Aneurysm size and projection were not significantly associated with actual treatment group, clinical outcome, or retreatment. There was no significant difference in clinical outcome by mRS between the 2 groups at discharge, and 1- and 3- years (P = .37, .45, .95, respectively). Variables associated with poor outcome included history of atherosclerotic disease, diabetes and incidence of stroke during initial hospitalization, whereas there was no significant association seen with retreatment, rebleed, or other hemorrhagic complications. Retreatment was performed in 2 (1.5%) clipped patients and 5 (3.8%) coiled patients. CONCLUSION: Ruptured ACoA aneurysms were safely treated by both treatment modalities in a large-scale randomized clinical trial after select patients were crossed over from the coil to clip group, regardless of aneurysm size and projection. This represents a subset of cerebral aneurysms that seem to demonstrate clinical equipoise for modern treatment paradigms.
A 440-μW, 109.8-dB DR, 106.5-dB SNDR Discrete-Time Zoom ADC With a 20-kHz BW (2021)

This article describes a discrete-time zoom analog-to-digital converter (ADC) intended for audio applications. It uses a coarse 5-bit SAR ADC in tandem with a fine third-order delta-sigma modulator (ΔΣM) to efficiently obtain a high dynamic range. To minimize its over-sampling ratio (OSR) and, thus, its digital power consumption, the modulator employs a 2-bit quantizer and a loop filter notch. In addition, an extra feed-forward path minimizes the leakage of the SAR ADC's quantization noise into the audio band. The prototype ADC occupies 0.27 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in a 0.16-μm technology. It achieves 109.8-dB DR, 106.5-dB SNDR, and 107.5-dB SNR in a 20-kHz bandwidth while dissipating 440 μW. It also achieves state-of-the-art energy efficiency, as demonstrated by a Schreier FoM of 186.4 dB and an SNDR FoM of 183.6 dB.
Feasibility of a screening tool for obesity diagnosis in Mexican children from a vulnerable community of Me'Phaa ethnicity in the State of Guerrero, Mexico (2017)

Mexico ranks first in the world in childhood obesity, and second in obesity in adults. Although there are several health promotion programs, some vulnerable communities are still in a high risk for increasing the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility to develop an automatic screening tool for obesity diagnosis in a vulnerable community in the State of Guerrero, in Mexico, using anthropometric variables and a machine learning approach. Results show that presented classifiers exhibit a high capacity to assess either a child is overweight, or not, yielding a high confidence tool for obesity screening.
Statistical process simulation for CAD/CAM (2003)

The authors formulate necessary conditions for predictive process simulation: physically-based models and tuning to manufacturing data, which are essential for CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) applications. They illustrate these predictive capabilities by applying the statistically based IC fabrication simulator FABRICS to the outcome of an industrial, scaled-down CMOS fabrication process. From the accuracy of the results, it is evident that the process simulation system based on physical models can be tuned to a desired accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A dual-polarized patch antenna for weather radar applications (2011)

An antenna suitable for use in emerging multifunctional phased array weather radar applications is presented. The S-band (3-3.6 GHz), differentially probe-fed, stacked patch antenna features high port-to-port isolation (>; 40 dB) and correspondingly good cross-polarization characteristics in addition to high efficiency and good port-to-port matching. The intended application places strict limits on errors introduced in polarime-tric weather radar measurements by antenna array polarization errors that are not corrected by calibration. The fundamental challenge is described, and it is demonstrated herein that this particular antenna element exhibits fairly good polarimetric performance over a wide scan range without excessive calibration requirements. Results from both a single element characterization and a 9×9 planar array of these elements are presented.
Waveform detection technique for indirect rotor-position sensing of switched-reluctance motor drives. Part 1: Analysis (1993)

Rotor-position detection either directly or indirectly is essential for SR motors operating in variable-speed drive applications. Direct rotor-position sensors provide stable operation of the drive system. However, the use of direct sensors leads to reliability problems in certain industrial environments e.g. high-temperature conditions or where electromagnetic interference is present. Additionally, for fractional horse power drives the cost of the position sensors becomes a significant part of the overall drive system cost. Indirect rotor-position sensing is an attractive alternative in such applications. In this part of the paper the waveform detection technique is analysed using computer simulation with back EMF taken into account. Simulation is carried out to find which parameter, out of the current chop rise and fall-times in the active and inactive phases, is best suited to rotor-position detection under various operating conditions. It is concluded that the current chop falltime in the inactive phase provides reliable position detection under varying operating conditions. The simulation is based on a 4 kW 4-phase SR motor.