gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of Design of Experiments Approach to Optimise Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Medicinal Cannabis (2020)

Carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction (CO<sub>2</sub> SFE) is a clean and cost-effective method of extracting cannabinoids from cannabis. Using design of experiment methodologies an optimised protocol for extraction of medicinal cannabis bud material (population of mixed plants, combined THC:CBD approximately 1:1.5) was developed at a scale of one kg per extraction. Key variables investigated were CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate, extraction time and extraction pressure. A total of 15 batches were analysed for process development using a two-level, full factorial design of experiments for three variable factors over eleven batches. The initial eleven batches demonstrated that CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate has the most influence on the overall yield and recovery of the key cannabinoids, particularly CBD. The additional four batches were conducted as replicated runs at high flow rates to determine reproducibility. The highest extraction weight of 71 g (7.1%) was obtained under high flow rate (150 g/min), with long extraction time (600 min) at high pressure (320 bar). This method also gave the best recoveries of THC and CBD. This is the first study to report the repeated extraction of large amounts of cannabis (total 15 kg) to optimise the CO<sub>2</sub> SFE extraction process for a pharmaceutical product.
Pricing Perspective for SWIPT in OFDM-based Multi-User Wireless Cooperative Systems (2019)

We propose a novel formulation for joint maximization of total weighted sum-spectral efficiency and weighted sum-harvested energy to study Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) from a pricing perspective. Specifically, we consider that a transmit source communicates with multiple destinations using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system within a dual-hop relay-assisted network, where the destination nodes are capable of jointly decoding information and harvesting energy from the same radiofrequency (RF) signal using either the time-switching (TS) or power-splitting (PS) based SWIPT receiver architectures. Computation of the optimal solution for the aforementioned problem is an extremely challenging task as joint optimization of several network resources introduce intractability at high numeric values of relays, destination nodes and OFDM sub-carriers. Therefore, we present a suitable algorithm with sub-optimal results and good performance to compute the performance of joint data processing and harvesting energy under fixed pricing methods by adjusting the respective weight factors, motivated by practical statistics. Furthermore, by exploiting the binary options of the weights, we show that the proposed formulation can be regulated purely as a sum-spectral efficiency maximization or solely as a sum-harvested energy maximization problem. Numerical results illustrate the benefits of the proposed design under several operating conditions and parameter values.
Unraveling the molecular basis of micronodular adrenal hyperplasia (2008)

Recent findings indicate the importance of cAMP signaling for normal adrenocortical functioning and the sensitivity of the adrenal gland to subtle alterations in cAMP levels. The identification of low-penetrance mutations in more than one phosphodiesterase in patients with adrenocortical hyperplasia is suggestive for a complementary role of the different phosphodiesterases in adrenal gland abnormalities and possible involvement of other members of this pathway in adrenocortical tumor defects.
Imaging and Estimating the Surface Heterogeneity on a Droplet Containing Cosolvents (2009)

Cosolvents have numerous applications in many industries as well as scientific research. The shortage in the knowledge of the structures in a cosolvent system is significant. In this work, we display the spatial as well as the kinetic distribution of the cosolvents using droplets as paradigms. When an alcohol/water-containing sessile droplet evaporates on a substrate, it phase segregates into a water-enriched core and a thin alcohol prevailing shell. This is considered to be due to the different escaping rate of solvents out of the liquid-vapor (l-v) interfaces. In between the core and shell phases, there exists a rough and solid-like liquid-liquid (l-l) wall interface as marked by the fluorescent polystyrene spheres and imaged by a confocal microscope. Holes and patches of beads are observed to form on this phase boundary. The water-dispersed beads prefer to partition within the core. The shell prevails in the droplet during most of the drying and shrinks with the l-v boundary. By monitoring the morphological progression of the droplet, the composition of the cosolvent at the liquid-vapor interface is obtained.
Three new families with X‐linked mental retardation caused by the 428–451dup(24bp) mutation in ARX (2004)

Three families with X-linked mental retardation caused by a 24 base-pair duplication in ARX[428-451dup(24 bp)] are reported. The clinical features in these and six other published families are reviewed. In general, the clinical picture is variable. Mental retardation ranges from mild to severe. Infantile spasms (West syndrome) occurred in 12.5% and other less severe forms of seizures in 37.5%. Characteristic dystonic movements of the hands were seen in 63% and dysarthria in 54%. The focal dystonia, in association with mental retardation, may prove to be diagnostic of this mutation.
The Livehoods Project: Utilizing Social Media to Understand the Dynamics of a City (2012)

Studying the social dynamics of a city on a large scale has traditionally been a challenging endeavor, often requiring long hours of observation and interviews, usually resulting in only a partial depiction of reality.To address this difficulty, we introduce a clustering model and research methodology for studying the structure and composition of a city on a large scale based on the social media its residents generate.We apply this new methodology to data from approximately 18 million check-ins collected from users of a location-based online social network.Unlike the boundaries of traditional municipal organizational units such as neighborhoods, which do not always reflect the character of life in these areas, our clusters, which we call Livehoods, are representations of the dynamic areas that comprise the city.We take a qualitative approach to validating these clusters, interviewing 27 residents of Pittsburgh, PA, to see how their perceptions of the city project onto our findings there.Our results provide strong support for the discovered clusters, showing how Livehoods reveal the distinctly characterized areas of the city and the forces that shape them.
Responses against single minor histocompatibility antigens. II. Analysis of cloned helper T cells. (1984)

We have utilized a clonal approach to investigate functional and immunogenetic characteristics of T cells responsive to the miHA H-1.3. Our data prove the existence of H-2 I region-restricted helper T cells that are specific for H-1.3, or for determinants encoded by closely linked loci. These conclusions are based upon the following observations: 1) the cloned Th are driven to proliferate only by H-2 I-compatible stimulator cells that bear the appropriate (H-1.3) miHA; 2) antigenic stimulation causes the cloned Th to secrete lymphokine with high levels of IL 2-like activity; and 3) they are not specifically lytic for relevant target cells. These cloned Th were isolated at a rather low frequency from an H-1.3-immune MLC population compared with the observed frequency of H-1.3-specific Tc that proliferate autonomously after antigen stimulation; i.e., HITc isolated from the same MLC. They were, however, capable of promoting the clonal expansion of an H-1.3-specific HITc, suggesting that Th can collaborate with HITc in an anti-miHA response.
Charge-carrier dynamics in hybrid metal halide perovskites(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Hybrid metal halide perovskites are attractive components for many optoelectronic applications due to a combination of their superior charge transport properties and relative ease of fabrication. A complete understanding of the nature of charge transport in these materials is therefore essential for current and future device development. We have evaluated two systems – the standard perovskite methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) and a series of mixed-iodide/bromide formamidinium lead perovskites – in an effort to determine what effect structural and chemical composition have on optoelectronic properties including mobility, charge-carrier recombination dynamics, and charge-carrier diffusion length. The photoconductivity in thin films of CH3NH3PbI3was investigated from 8 K to 370 K across three structural phases [1]. While the monomolecular charge-carrier recombination rate was found to increase with rising temperature indicating a mechanism dominated by ionized impurity mediated recombination, the bimolecular rate constant decreased with rising temperature as charge-carrier mobility declined. The Auger rate constant was highly phase specific, suggesting a strong dependence on electronic band structure. For the mixed-halide formamidinuim lead bromide-iodide perovskites, HC(NH2)2Pb(BryI1–y)3, bimolecular and Auger charge-carrier recombination rate constants strongly correlated with bromide content, which indicated a link with electronic structure [2]. Although HC(NH2)2PbBr3 and HC(NH2)2PbI3 exhibited high charge-carrier mobilities and diffusion lengths exceeding 1 μm, mobilities for mixed Br/I perovskites were all lower as a result of crystalline phase disorder.
Dimer-tetramer transition controls RUNX1/ETO leukemogenic activity (2010)

RUNX1/ETO, the fusion protein resulting from the chromosomal translocation t(8;21), is one of the most frequent translocation products in acute myeloid leukemia. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the homo-tetramerization domain of ETO, the nervy homology region 2 (NHR2), is essential for RUNX1/ETO oncogenic activity. We analyzed the energetic contribution of individual amino acids within the NHR2 to RUNX1/ETO dimer-tetramer transition and found a clustered area of 5 distinct amino acids with strong contribution to the stability of tetramers. Substitution of these amino acids abolishes tetramer formation without affecting dimer formation. Similar to RUNX1/ETO monomers, dimers failed to bind efficiently to DNA and to alter expression of RUNX1-dependent genes. RUNX1/ETO dimers do not block myeloid differentiation, are unable to enhance the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic progenitors, and fail to induce leukemia in a murine transplantation model. Our data reveal the existence of an essential structural motif (hot spot) at the NHR2 dimer-tetramer interface, suitable for a molecular intervention in t(8;21) leukemias.
Proton Association Constants of His 37 in the Influenza-A M218–60 Dimer-of-Dimers (2014)

The membrane protein M2 from influenza-A forms a single-pass transmembrane helix that assembles in lipid membrane as homotetramers whose primary function is to act as a proton transporter for viral acidification. A single residue, histidine 37 (His 37), is known to be responsible for selectivity and plays an integral role in the protein's function. We report pH-dependent (15)N MAS NMR spectra of His 37 within the influenza-A proton conduction domain of M2, M218-60, which has been previously shown to be a fully functional construct and was recently determined to adopt a dimer-of-dimers structure in lipids. By extracting the ratio of [His]/[HisH(+)] as a function of pH, we obtained two doubly degenerate proton disassociation constants, 7.63 ± 0.15 and 4.52 ± 0.15, despite a possible maximum of four. We also report the (1)HNε chemical shifts at pH 6.5 recorded at 60 kHz MAS in a CP-based (1)H-(15)N spectrum. We were unable to detect resonances indicative of direct proton sharing among His 37 side chains when the tetramer is in the +2 state. In the neutral state, His 37 is exclusively in the τ tautomer, indicating that the δ nitrogen is protonated solely as a function of pH. We also found that the plot of [HisH(+)]/[His] as a function of pH is qualitatively similar to previously reported proton conduction rates, indicating that proton conduction rate is proportional to the level of histidine protonation within the channel. Two-dimensional (13)C-(13)C and (13)C-(15)N correlations suggest that at low pH multiple conformations are populated as the spectra broaden and eventually disappear as the acidity is increased. A second highly resolved state at low pH was not observed.
Reply to “Comment on ‘Monostable array-enhanced stochastic resonance’ ” (2002)

We take this opportunity to clarify issues raised in the preceding Comment by Soskin and McClintock [Phys. Rev. E. 66, 013101 (2002)]. In particular, we provide further details and results to motivate and explicate the methodologies we have employed to investigate stochastic resonance in arrays of monostable elements.
Supplementary Tables 1-12 and Figures 1-3 from The Doylestown Algorithm: A Test to Improve the Performance of AFP in the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Data description and detailed statistical information regarding model development. Supplementary Table 1. Patient information on samples from the University of Michigan. Supplementary Table 2. Patient information on samples from HALT-C. Supplementary Table 3. Patient information on samples from EDRN. Supplementary Table 4. Patient information on samples from Thomas Jefferson University. Supplementary Table 5. Patient information on samples from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Supplementary Table 6. Odds ratios for each predictor in univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Supplementary Table 7. Indices of goodness-of-fit and apparent validation of candidate logistic regression models. Supplementary Table 8. Performance of leave one out cross validation (LOOCV). Supplementary Table 9. Cross Validation of bootstrap method. Supplementary Table 10. AUCs and IDIs from 3-fold Cross-Validation. Supplementary Table 11. Summary statistics of Doylestown model. Supplementary Table 12. Comparison of logistic regression, classification and regression tree (CART) and conditional inference tree (CTREE). Supplementary Figure 1. The distribution of AFP in each data set by cases and controls: Supplementary Figure 2. Quartiles for AFP in the individual patient sets. Supplementary Figure 3. Histogram of predictions and observe occurrence proportion of HCC for the top 4 models.&lt;/p&gt;
Radio resource management distribution in a beyond 3G multi-radio access architecture (2004)

Efficient employment of multiple radio access technologies is expected to be an important property of beyond 3G networks. This will put high demands on radio resource management support, both within and in-between radio access technologies. In this paper we discuss how to distribute radio resource management in a multi-radio access network, and identify three main distribution strategies: network centralized, network distributed and finally the option of having multi-access radio resource management located in the terminal. A combination of network distributed and terminal based radio resource management appears to be the best choice for dynamic multi-access radio resource management in most scenarios. Further, relations towards user plane functions are discussed and modeled, and the functionality is mapped to nodes and interfaces of a beyond 3G reference radio access network architecture.
On the assumption of mutual independence of jitter realizations in P-TRNG stochastic models (2014)

Security in true random number generation in cryptography is based on entropy per bit at the generator output. The entropy is evaluated using stochastic models. Several recent works propose stochastic models based on assumptions related to selected physical analog phenomena such as noise or jittery signal and on the knowledge of the principle of randomness extraction from the obtained analog signal. However, these assumptions simplify often considerably the underlying analog processes, which include several noise sources. In this paper, we present a new comprehensive multilevel approach, which enables to build the stochastic model based on detailed analysis of noise sources starting at transistor level and on conversion of the noise to the clock jitter exploited at the generator level. Using this approach, we can estimate proportion of the jitter coming only from the thermal noise, which is included in the total clock jitter.
Efficiency and Stability of Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolyzers for Magnesium Production (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements
Compressive spectrum sensing algorithm based on robust detection criterion with ratio of residual matrix (2014)

In this paper, we propose a compressive spectrum sensing method robust against noise uncertainty. The proposed scheme utilizes relative ratio of residual matrix for signal detection. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme provides reliable detection performance regardless of noise variance estimation error.
Positive Selection for Loss-of-Function tat Mutations Identifies Critical Residues Required for TatA Activity (2005)

The Tat system, found in the cytoplasmic membrane of many bacteria, is a general export pathway for folded proteins. Here we describe the development of a method, based on the transport of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, that allows positive selection of mutants defective in Tat function. We have demonstrated the utility of this method by selecting novel loss-of-function alleles of tatA from a pool of random tatA mutations. Most of the mutations that were isolated fall in the amphipathic region of TatA, emphasizing the pivotal role that this part of the protein plays in TatA function.
Identification of a strawberry flavor gene candidate using an integrated genetic-genomic-analytical chemistry approach (2014)

Genetic, genomic and analytical chemistry techniques were combined to identify FaFAD1, a gene likely controlling a key flavor volatile in strawberry. The same data may now be re-sorted based on presence/absence of any other volatile to identify other flavor-affecting candidates, leading to rapid generation of gene-specific markers.
Acoustic MEMS Transducers: Look Ahead of the Bit and Geopressure Monitoring (2021)

Abstract This paper describes the design and implementation of Acoustic Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (hereinafter referred to asA-MEMS)working in fluid-coupling mode for HP/HT specifications relevant to downhole applications such as drilling, well and reservoir monitoring. Many cutting edges applications ofA-MEMS in Oil &amp; Gas industry are envisaged. The current work refers to the case study of a "Look Ahead of the Bit"/geopressure monitoring technique (hereinafter referred to asPPM) developed by the authors. A–MEMS with magnetic shuttle transducers have been designed so that they are not affected by environmental pressure like piezoelectric devices commonly used in MWD commercial sonic tools, which are impaired by volumetric shrinking/expansion working principle. This performance is also achieved by embedding an environmental pressure compensator tuned in the whole working bandwidth to grant pressure balance even with oscillatory motion at sonic frequencies (up to 5 kHz). Transmitter acoustic power and receiver sensitivity have been optimized in a bandwidth between 500 and 3500 Hz. A couple of A–MEMS prototypes have been built and successfully tested by using an oil filled pressure vessel at downhole T–P conditions (200 °C, 700bar) and an ad-hoc measurement setup including force, displacement, temperature sensors, transmitter (TX) driver, receiver (RX) lock-in amplifier and anacquisition system. Moreover, modal analysis at typical drilling conditions has been carried out by Stewart platform. Shock up to 1000 g and random vibrations up to 12 g RMS in 5 ÷400 Hz bandwidth have been tested. A–MEMS performance have turned out to be consistent with theoretical model predictions andhave exhibited robustness to T P variations and applied structural stress. PPM method has been validated through a triaxial compression cell in a rock mechanics laboratory, implementing a lab scale scenario with a cap rock located above a permeable rock, undergoing all geopressures of interest. However, piezo transducers used in the experiment underwent a significant failure/damage rate along with performance degrading at pressure increasing. These observations confirmed and motivated the need for A-MEMS technology development in downhole applications.
Synthesis, biological testing, and stereochemical assignment of an end group modified retro-inverso bombesin C-terminal nonapeptide (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, biological testing, and stereochemical assignment of an end group modified retro-inverso bombesin C-terminal nonapeptideMark Cushman, Jurjus Jurayj, and James D. MoyerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 3186–3194Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00297a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views567Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel Total Artificial Heart for Destination Therapy: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study (2013)

Total Artificial Hearts (TAHs) could be used as an alternative to heart transplantation for patients with terminal heart failure. A fully implantable TAH is under development at our institute. Some critical aspects in TAH development are a) sufficient cardiac output, b) adequate left-right flow balance, c) measurement and control of pump performance and d) hemocompatibility. In this paper, the results of the validation process including in vitro, acute and first chronic in vivo experiments are presented.