gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dry friction and wear rates as under liquid lubrication of ceramic/carbon couples up to 450°C (2004)

In a high temperature tribometer, stationary carbon has been tested against different rotating ceramics (SiC, Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , WC‐6Ni, MgO‐ZrO 2 , (Ti, Mo)(C, N)) and stainless steel (DIN 1.4876). The rotating discs were grinded, polished and/or lapped. For most material combinations, the wear morphology is known from available literature. A transfer film with a typical wear pattern was found on the rotating disc. The combination of antimony graphite EK3245 against MgO‐ZrO 2 did not form carbonaceous transfer layer. Through advanced variation of the roughness up to R pk =0.011 μ m, the wear rate has been reduced to K v ≈ 3.5×10 −8 mm 3 /N m at a stable coefficient of friction in a “millirange” of μ ∼0.008 for a sliding distance of 20.000 m.
Human antibodies targeting ENPP1 as candidate therapeutics for cancers (2023)

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in many tissues. High expression levels of ENPP1 have been observed in many cancer types such as lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Such overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis in these diseases. Hence, ENPP1 is a potential target for immunotherapy across multiple cancers. Here, we isolated and characterized two high-affinity and specific anti-ENPP1 Fab antibody candidates, 17 and 3G12, from large phage-displayed human Fab libraries. After conversion to IgG1, the binding of both antibodies increased significantly due to avidity effects. Based on these antibodies, we generated antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), IgG-based bispecific T-cell engagers (IbTEs), and CAR T-cells which all exhibited potent killing of ENPP1-expressing cells. Thus, these various antibody-derived modalities are promising therapeutic candidates for cancers expressing human ENPP1.
State of the art of metal oxide memristor devices (2015)

Abstract Memristors are one of the emerging technologies that can potentially replace state-of-the-art integrated electronic devices for advanced computing and digital and analog circuit applications including neuromorphic networks. Over the past few years, research and development mostly focused on revolutionizing the metal oxide materials, which are used as core components of the popular metal-insulator-metal memristors owing to their highly recognized resistive switching behavior. This paper outlines the recent advancements and characteristics of such memristive devices, with a special focus on (i) their established resistive switching mechanisms and (ii) the key challenges associated with their fabrication processes including the impeding criteria of material adaptation for the electrode, capping, and insulator component layers. Potential applications and an outlook into future development of metal oxide memristive devices are also outlined.
Miniaturized LEDs for flat-panel displays (2017)

Inorganic light emitting diodes (LEDs) serve as bright pixel-level emitters in displays, from indoor/outdoor video walls with pixel sizes ranging from one to thirty millimeters to micro displays with more than one thousand pixels per inch. Pixel sizes that fall between those ranges, roughly 50 to 500 microns, are some of the most commercially significant ones, including flat panel displays used in smart phones, tablets, and televisions. Flat panel displays that use inorganic LEDs as pixel level emitters (&mu;ILED displays) can offer levels of brightness, transparency, and functionality that are difficult to achieve with other flat panel technologies. Cost-effective production of &mu;ILED displays requires techniques for precisely arranging sparse arrays of extremely miniaturized devices on a panel substrate, such as transfer printing with an elastomer stamp. Here we present lab-scale demonstrations of transfer printed &mu;ILED displays and the processes used to make them. Demonstrations include passive matrix &mu;ILED displays that use conventional off-the shelf drive ASICs and active matrix &mu;ILED displays that use miniaturized pixel-level control circuits from CMOS wafers. We present a discussion of key considerations in the design and fabrication of highly miniaturized emitters for &mu;ILED displays.
Pattern Trails: Visual Analysis of Pattern Transitions in Subspaces (2017)

Subspace analysis methods have gained interest for identifying patterns in subspaces of high-dimensional data. Existing techniques allow to visualize and compare patterns in subspaces. However, many subspace analysis methods produce an abundant amount of patterns, which often remain redundant and are difficult to relate. Creating effective layouts for comparison of subspace patterns remains challenging. We introduce Pattern Trails, a novel approach for visually ordering and comparing subspace patterns. Central to our approach is the notion of pattern transitions as an interpretable structure imposed to order and compare patterns between subspaces. The basic idea is to visualize projections of subspaces side-by-side, and indicate changes between adjacent patterns in the subspaces by a linked representation, hence introducing pattern transitions. Our contributions comprise a systematization for how pairs of subspace patterns can be compared, and how changes can be interpreted in terms of pattern transitions. We also contribute a technique for visual subspace analysis based on a data-driven similarity measure between subspace representations. This measure is useful to order the patterns, and interactively group subspaces to reduce redundancy. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach by application to several use cases, indicating that data can be meaningfully ordered and interpreted in terms of pattern transitions.
New Robust Model to Evaluate the Total Organic Carbon Using Fuzzy Logic (2019)

Abstract Total organic carbon (TOC) is an essential parameter used for unconventional shale resources evaluation. The current methods for TOC determination are based on conducting time-consuming laboratory experiments or by using empirical correlations; the later are developed based on assumptions that restrict their applicability. This study provides a new robust model for TOC estimation based on conventional well logs. The model was developed using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system with subtractive clustering (ANFIS-SC). Four conventional well logs of deep resistivity, sonic transit time, gamma ray, and formation bulk density collected from Barnett shale formation were used to develop the ANFIS-SC model for TOC estimation. A dataset consists of 645 records of the four well logs and TOC were used to develop the new model. The model was optimized for the different combinations of the ANFIS-SC’ design parameters and for training/testing data ratio. The optimum predictability of the ANFIS-SC TOC model was reached after 400 iterations using a cluster radius of 0.3 and a training/testing data ratio of 70/30. The statistical analysis showed that TOC is a strong function of the bulk density, moderate function of the sonic transit time and gamma ray, and a weak function of the deep resistivity. The training and testing results proved that the developed ANFIS-SC model is able to predict the TOC based on the four mentioned well log data with high accuracy. For the training data set, the TOC was estimated with an average absolute percentage error (AAPE) of 8.62%, a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.91, and a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.96. For the testing data set, the associated AAPE in predicting the TOC is 9.57%, while R2 and R between the actual and predicted TOC are 0.89 and 0.94, respectively.
PolyMet Mining Corporation's NorthMet Process Development (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Development of the Split Cleaner Flotation Flowsheet Hydrometallurgical Processing of the NorthMet Flotation Concentrates Conclusions Acknowledgements
Improved Kinetics ofn-Butane Oxidation to Maleic Anhydride: The Role of Byproducts (2020)

Detailed modeling of the oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride can help improve the process knowledge and facilitate the development of optimization strategies. Unfortunately, none of the kinetics published in the literature can satisfactorily describe the formation of the most important byproducts: CO and CO2. Based on qualitative findings, we derived different kinetic approaches (Eley–Rideal, Langmuir–Hinshelwood, and Mars and van Krevelen). With a mathematical model of the used millistructured fixed-bed laboratory reactor, these were adapted to the experimental results over a wide range of industrially relevant operating conditions. A comparison of the results suggests that the kinetics can be best described with a redox approach, according to Mars and van Krevelen, derived under the assumption of three different active sites. In this context, the aforementioned description of CO/CO2 formation can be significantly improved, even with a simplified reaction network. The key is to include information on the role of the usually neglected byproducts acetic and acrylic acid.
Table S5-S7 from Targeting the MYCN–PARP–DNA Damage Response Pathway in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S5. Primer Sequences for qRT-PCR. Table S6. siRNA Sequence. Table S7. Primer Sequences for ChIP-PCR.&lt;/p&gt;
Evidence for a Causal Relationship Between Early Exocrine Pancreatic Disease and Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Study (2014)

Circulating immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT), a biomarker of exocrine pancreatic disease in cystic fibrosis (CF), is elevated in most CF newborns. In those with severe CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) genotypes, IRT declines rapidly in the first years of life, reflecting progressive pancreatic damage. Consistent with this progression, a less elevated newborn IRT measure would reflect more severe pancreatic disease, including compromised islet compartments, and potentially increased risk of CF-related diabetes (CFRD). We show in two independent CF populations that a lower newborn IRT estimate is associated with higher CFRD risk among individuals with severe CFTR genotypes, and we provide evidence to support a causal relationship. Increased loge(IRT) at birth was associated with decreased CFRD risk in Canadian and Colorado samples (hazard ratio 0.30 [95% CI 0.15-0.61] and 0.39 [0.18-0.81], respectively). Using Mendelian randomization with the SLC26A9 rs7512462 genotype as an instrumental variable since it is known to be associated with IRT birth levels in the CF population, we provide evidence to support a causal contribution of exocrine pancreatic status on CFRD risk. Our findings suggest CFRD risk could be predicted in early life and that maintained ductal fluid flow in the exocrine pancreas could delay the onset of CFRD.
Low power latch based design with smart retiming (2018)

Flip-flops and latches are two options to construct pipelines in digital integrated circuits (ICs). In this paper, the implications for converting a flip-flop based design to a latch-based design are investigated by performing timing and power analysis. Design flows are also proposed to convert a flip-flop based design to a latch-based design as well as a latch/flip-flop-mixed design. With a new retiming strategy, the optimum operating condition is identified for both the latch based design and the mixed design, where the maximum time borrowing or performance enhancement can be obtained. Compared to the flip-flop based design, 48% and 45% frequency boosting are achieved by the latch based design and the mixed design, respectively. While maintaining the same performance as the flip-flop based design with the aid of supply voltage scaling, the latch based design and the mixed design reduce the power consumption by 21% and 16%, respectively, in an industrial 28-nm FDSOI CMOS technology.
Dual RNA-seq of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Host Cell Transcriptomes Reveals Novel Insights into Host-Pathogen Cross Talk (2015)

Simultaneous monitoring of infection-linked transcriptome alterations in an invading pathogen and its target host cells represents a key strategy for identifying regulatory responses that drive pathogenesis. In this study, we report the progressive events of NTHi colonization in a highly differentiated model of ciliated bronchial epithelium. Genome-wide transcriptome maps of NTHi during infection provided mechanistic insights into bacterial adaptive responses to the host niche, with modulation of the central metabolism as an important signature of the evolving milieu. Our data indicate that infected epithelia respond by substantial alteration of the cytoskeletal network and cytokine repertoire, revealing a dynamic cross talk that is responsible for the onset of inflammation. This work significantly enhances our understanding of the means by which NTHi promotes infection on human mucosae and reveals novel strategies exploited by this important pathogen to cause invasive disease.
New Isoflavones from Iris nigricans (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Isoflavones from Iris nigricansS. Al-Khalil, D. Al-Eisawi, Masaya Kato, and Munekazu IinumaCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1994, 57, 2, 201–205Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50104a001https://doi.org/10.1021/np50104a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contribution of L‐Alanine Dehydrogenase to In Vivo Persistence and Protective Efficacy of the BCG Vaccine (2006)

The tuberculosis (TB) vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG is unable to utilise alanine and this deficiency is thought to inhibit the growth of the vaccine in vivo and limit vaccine efficacy. In this report we demonstrate that L-alanine catabolism can be conferred on BCG by introduction of the gene encoding L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Restoration of Ald activity did not change the in vivo growth of BCG in macrophages or mice, and protection against aerosol M. tuberculosis infection was not altered by addition of ald to the BCG vaccine. These results demonstrate that the inability to utilise L-alanine is not a contributing factor to the attenuated phenotype of BCG and does not influence the protective efficacy of the vaccine against TB.
Autonomous detection of ISO fade point with color laser printers (2015)

Image quality assessment is a very important field in image processing. Human observation is slow and subjective, it also requires strict environment setup for the psychological test <sup>1</sup>. Thus developing algorithms to match desired human experiments is always in need. Many studies have focused on detecting the fading phenomenon after the materials are printed, that is to monitor the persistence of the color ink <sup>2-4</sup>. However, fading is also a common artifact produced by printing systems when the cartridges run low. We want to develop an automatic system to monitor cartridge life and report fading defects when they appear. In this paper, we first describe a psychological experiment that studies the human perspective on printed fading pages. Then we propose an algorithm based on Color Space Projection and K-means clustering to predict the visibility of fading defects. At last, we integrate the psychological experiment result with our algorithm to give a machine learning tool that monitors cartridge life.
Time-Reversal Generation of Rogue Waves (2014)

The formation of extreme localizations in nonlinear dispersive media can be explained and described within the framework of nonlinear evolution equations, such as the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS). Within the class of exact NLS breather solutions on a finite background, which describe the modulational instability of monochromatic wave trains, the hierarchy of rational solutions localized in both time and space is considered to provide appropriate prototypes to model rogue wave dynamics. Here, we use the time-reversal invariance of the NLS to propose and experimentally demonstrate a new approach to constructing strongly nonlinear localized waves focused in both time and space. The potential applications of this time-reversal approach include remote sensing and motivated analogous experimental analysis in other nonlinear dispersive media, such as optics, Bose-Einstein condensates, and plasma, where the wave motion dynamics is governed by the NLS.
Metal Oxide Nanosensors Using Polymeric Membranes, Enzymes and Antibody Receptors as Ion and Molecular Recognition Elements (2014)

The concept of recognition and biofunctionality has attracted increasing interest in the fields of chemistry and material sciences. Advances in the field of nanotechnology for the synthesis of desired metal oxide nanostructures have provided a solid platform for the integration of nanoelectronic devices. These nanoelectronics-based devices have the ability to recognize molecular species of living organisms, and they have created the possibility for advanced chemical sensing functionalities with low limits of detection in the nanomolar range. In this review, various metal oxides, such as ZnO-, CuO-, and NiO-based nanosensors, are described using different methods (receptors) of functionalization for molecular and ion recognition. These functionalized metal oxide surfaces with a specific receptor involve either a complex formation between the receptor and the analyte or an electrostatic interaction during the chemical sensing of analytes. Metal oxide nanostructures are considered revolutionary nanomaterials that have a specific surface for the immobilization of biomolecules with much needed orientation, good conformation and enhanced biological activity which further improve the sensing properties of nanosensors. Metal oxide nanostructures are associated with certain unique optical, electrical and molecular characteristics in addition to unique functionalities and surface charge features which shows attractive platforms for interfacing biorecognition elements with effective transducing properties for signal amplification. There is a great opportunity in the near future for metal oxide nanostructure-based miniaturization and the development of engineering sensor devices.
Orbital Manifestations of Wegenerʼs Granulomatosis on Computer Assisted Tomography (1977)

Vermess, M.; Haynes, B. F.; Fishman, M. L.; Fauci, A. S.; Wolff, S. M. Author Information
Microwave‐Assisted Fast Cyclohexane Oxygenation Catalyzed by Iron‐Substituted Polyoxotungstates (2005)

Abstract Under microwave irradiation, iron‐substituted polyoxotungstates (Fe‐POMs) catalyze cyclohexane oxygenation to A/K oil with 90–95% selectivity, unmatched turnover frequencies (40–400 h −1 ), and multi‐turnover regime (&gt;1000 TON). Such a rapid reaction protocol allowed the screening of so‐called inorganic Fe‐synzymes with 1–4 nuclearity, including a family of Krebs‐type isostructural complexes. Product distribution, kinetic analysis, mechanistic probes and fitting calculations, are consistent with a radical chain oxidation propagated by Fe‐catalysed decomposition of organic peroxides which ultimately depends on the redox‐properties and structural arrangement of the iron moiety within the POM cage.
A Psychophysical Model of Motorcycle Handlebar Vibrations (2007)

In this study, we developed a perception-based quantitative model to relate broadband vibrations transmitted through a motorcycle handlebar to a rider’s hands. The test apparatus consisted of the handlebar of a motorcycle rig assembly driven by a computer-controlled actuator. Participants were instructed to hold the handlebar and maintain a sitting posture as they would while riding a motorcycle. In Exp. 1, psychophysical detection thresholds for 10 participants were estimated at ten test frequencies between 20–300 Hz using a two-interval one-up two-down adaptive procedure. The interpolated threshold vs. frequency function specified the minimum acceleration required before a user could perceive the vibration at a particular frequency. In Exp. 2, participants were asked to rate 15 representative handlebar vibrations using a magnitude estimation procedure. The vibration patterns were measured on an actual motorcycle handlebar while the motorcycle traveled at speeds ranging from 25 to 75 mph. Several weighting functions, including the ISO-5349 standards, were applied to the broadband vibration signal in the frequency domain to estimate the total vibration energy by summing up all weighted components. The best weighting function, in the sense that the estimated total energy correlated linearly with the subjective magnitude ratings obtained in Exp. 2, were based on the detection threshold data obtained in Exp. 1. Specifically, the strength of each vibration component was calculated relative to the human detection threshold at the same frequency, thereby taking into account human sensitivity to vibration signals at different frequencies. The resulting weighting function can be applied to other recorded vibration signals to predict user rating of perceived vibration intensities.
Enhanced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Splenic Tissues of Patients With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (1999)

Idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a thrombotic microangiopathy of obscure etiology. The fundamental pathologic lesion is a hyaline thrombus composed of platelets and some fibrin accompanied by endothelial cell proliferation and detachment, in the absence of an inflammatory response. We have previously demonstrated that plasmas from patients with both idiopathic TTP and a related disorder, sporadic hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), induce apoptosis and expression of the apoptosis-associated molecule Fas (CD95) in vitro in those lineages of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) that are affected pathologically. We now demonstrate the presence of enhanced MVEC apoptosis in splenic tissues from patients with TTP, documented by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and morphology. This is accompanied by elevated Fas expression. It contrasts with the absence of apoptosis in splenic tissues obtained after splenectomy for trauma or immune thrombocytopenic purpura. TUNEL-positive cells, identified by immunohistochemistry as MVECs or macrophages, presumably engulfing apoptotic ECs, are noted in numerous areas, including those apart from microthrombi. Thus, it is unlikely that EC apoptosis is simply a sequela of thrombus formation. Based on these data, we propose that MVEC apoptosis is of pathophysiologic significance in idiopathic TTP/sporadic HUS.
Very Simple and Efficient Byzantine Agreement (2017)

We present a very simple, cryptographic, binary Byzantine-agreement protocol that, with n >= 3t+1 >= 3 players, at most t of which are malicious, halts in expected 9 rounds.