gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Low-Complexity Approach to Rate-Distortion Optimized Variable Bit-Rate Compression for Split DNN Computing (2022)

Split computing has emerged as a recent paradigm for implementation of DNN-based AI workloads, wherein a DNN model is split into two parts, one of which is executed on a mobile/client device and the other on an edge-server (or cloud). Data compression is applied to the intermediate tensor from the DNN that needs to be transmitted, addressing the challenge of optimizing the rate-accuracy-complexity trade-off. Existing split-computing approaches adopt ML-based data compression, but require that the parameters of either the entire DNN model, or a significant portion of it, be retrained for different compression levels. This incurs a high computational and storage burden: training a full DNN model from scratch is computationally demanding, maintaining multiple copies of the DNN parameters increases storage requirements, and switching the full set of weights during inference increases memory bandwidth. In this paper, we present an approach that addresses all these challenges. It involves the systematic design and training of bottleneck units - simple, low-cost neural networks - that can be inserted at the point of split. Our approach is remarkably lightweight, both during training and inference, highly effective and achieves excellent rate-distortion performance at a small fraction of the compute and storage overhead compared to existing methods.
ONE-YEAR RESULTS OF INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT FOR POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY (2015)

Aflibercept is effective for the eyes with treatment-naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy to achieve the resolution of polypoidal lesions. The authors need to carefully observe the eyes after confirming complete resolution of polypoidal lesion because of recurrent polyps seen in one-quarter of the study eyes.
An Improved Low Energy X-ray Transmission Window (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
Design of all-solid leakage channel fibers with large mode area and low bending loss (2009)

We investigate a novel design for all-solid large mode area (LMA) leakage channel fibers (LCFs) for high-power Yb-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers, based on a single down-doped-silica rod ring surrounding a seven-cell pure-silica core, aiming for effectively single-mode behavior and low bending loss characteristics. Through detailed numerical simulations based on the finite element method (FEM), we find that the proposed all-solid LMA-LCFs, having a seven-cell core and two different sizes of down-doped rods, can achieve sufficient differential mode loss and much lower bending loss, as compared with a previously-reported LCF with a one-cell core and six large down-doped-silica rods.
Palm-based chiral compounds. (2003)

Postoperative EOF is a clinically safe, feasible, and effective method of nutritional support after PD.
Strong nuclear contribution to the optical Kerr effect in niobium oxide containing glasses (2007)

Electronic and nuclear contributions to nonlinear optical properties of niobium oxide-based glasses have been measured using third harmonic generation and pump-probe techniques. Discrepancies with Hellwarth's model have been evidenced for niobium oxide concentrations above 30 mol%, probably due to extra specific collective vibrational modes.
Inhibin α-subunit (INHA) gene and locus changes in paediatric adrenocortical tumours from TP53 R337H mutation heterozygote carriers (2004)

The R337H TP53 mutation is a low-penetrance molecular defect that predisposes to adrenocortical tumour (ACT) formation in Brazilian and possibly other populations. Additional genetic defects may be responsible for the variable expression of ACTs in these cases. The inhibin alpha-subunit gene (INHA) on 2q33-qter has been implicated in mouse adrenocortical tumourigenesis. We studied 46 pediatric patients with ACTs from Brazil for INHA genetic alterations; 39 of these patients were heterozygous carriers of the R337H TP53 mutation. We first mapped the INHA gene by radiation hybrid analysis and determined 10 linked microsatellite markers in an area flanked by D2S1371 and D2S206 on 2q33-qter. These markers were then used for loss of heterozygozity (LOH) studies in nine paired germline and tumour DNA samples. Mapping placed the INHA gene in close proximity to D2S2848 (SHGC11864) with a log of odds (LOD) score of 5.84. LOH for at least one marker in the region was identified in 8/9 tumours (89%). Six patients were heterozygous for three INHA mutations: one in exon 1, 127C>G, and two in exon 2, 3998G>A and 4088G>A, all leading to amino acid substitutions (P43A, G227R, and A257T, respectively). A257T is located in a conserved INHA region, highly homologous to transforming growth factor-beta; both G227R and A257T change polarity, and, in addition, G227R changes the pH. We conclude that these sequence alterations and the detected 2q allelic changes suggest that INHA may be one of the contributing factors needed for ACT formation in pediatric patient carriers of the R337H TP53 mutation.
Self-assembled semiconductor microlaser based on colloidal nanoplatelets (2022)

A semiconductor microsphere laser based on colloidal nanoplatelets is demonstrated comprising a micron-sized supraparticle obtained by self-assembly of core/shell CdSe/ CdS nanoplatelets with peak luminescence at 660nm. It shows multimode laser emission between 665 and 695nm with threshold at 200 nJ (28 ± 17 mJ.cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> ).
Molecular-Basis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Recognition by Single-Stranded DNA (2012)

Hybrids of biological molecules and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) have proven useful for SWCNT sorting and are enabling several biomedical applications in sensing, imaging, and drug delivery. In the DNA-SWCNT system, certain short (10-20mer) sequences of single-stranded DNA recognize specific SWCNT, allowing the latter to be sorted from a chirality diverse mixture. (1) However, little is known about the DNA secondary structures that underlie their recognition of SWCNTs. Using replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) of multiple strands on a single SWCNT, we report that DNA forms ordered structures on SWCNTs that are strongly DNA sequence and SWCNT dependent. DNA sequence (TAT)(4) on its recognition partner, the (6,5) SWCNT, (1) forms an ordered right-handed helically wrapped barrel, stabilized by intrastrand, self-stitching hydrogen bonds and interstrand hydrogen bonding. The same sequence on the larger diameter (8,7)-SWCNT forms a different and less-stable structure, demonstrating SWCNT selectivity. In contrast, homopolymer (T)(12), with weaker tendency for intrastrand hydrogen bonding, forms a distinctly left-handed wrap on the (6,5)-SWCNT, demonstrating DNA sequence specificity. Experimental measurements show that (TAT)(4) selectively disperses smaller diameter SWCNTs more efficiently than (T)(12), establishing a relationship between recognition motifs and binding strength. The developing understanding of DNA secondary structure on nanomaterials can shed light on a number of issues involving hybrids of nanomaterials and biological molecules, including nanomedicine, health-effects of nanomaterials, and nanomaterial processing.
Interlayer‐Expanded Microporous Titanosilicate Catalysts with Functionalized Hydroxyl Groups (2011)

Simple as that: A novel crystalline microporous titanosilicate (Ti-COE-4) with functionalized hydroxyl groups and medium micropore size (0.55 nm) is successfully synthesized through dimethylsilylation and calcination. The synergism of hydroxyl groups with active Ti sites in Ti-COE-4 significantly improves its catalytic activities in oxidation reactions. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Cerebral Organoid Connectivity Apparatus to Model Neuronal Tract Circuitry (2021)

Mental disorders have high prevalence, but the efficacy of existing therapeutics is limited, in part, because the pathogenic mechanisms remain enigmatic. Current models of neural circuitry include animal models and post-mortem brain tissue, which have allowed enormous progress in understanding the pathophysiology of mental disorders. However, these models limit the ability to assess the functional alterations in short-range and long-range network connectivity between brain regions that are implicated in many mental disorders, e.g., schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. This work addresses these limitations by developing an in vitro model of the human brain that models the in vivo cerebral tract environment. In this study, microfabrication and stem cell differentiation techniques were combined to develop an in vitro cerebral tract model that anchors human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids (COs) and provides a scaffold to promote the formation of a functional connecting neuronal tract. Two designs of a Cerebral Organoid Connectivity Apparatus (COCA) were fabricated using SU-8 photoresist. The first design contains a series of spikes which anchor the CO to the COCA (spiked design), whereas the second design contains flat supporting structures with open holes in a grid pattern to anchor the organoids (grid design); both designs allow effective media exchange. Morphological and functional analyses reveal the expression of key neuronal markers as well as functional activity and signal propagation along cerebral tracts connecting CO pairs. The reported in vitro models enable the investigation of critical neural circuitry involved in neurodevelopmental processes and has the potential to help devise personalized and targeted therapeutic strategies.
Diminishing the Pathogenesis of the Food-Borne Pathogen Serratia marcescens by Low Doses of Sodium Citrate (2023)

Protecting food from bacterial contamination is crucial for ensuring its safety and avoiding foodborne illness. <i>Serratia marcescens</i> is one of the food bacterial contaminants that can form biofilms and pigments that spoil the food product and could cause infections and illness to the consumer. Food preservation is essential to diminish such bacterial contaminants or at least reduce their pathogenesis; however, it should not affect food odor, taste, and consistency and must be safe. Sodium citrate is a well-known safe food additive and the current study aims to evaluate its anti-virulence and anti-biofilm activity at low concentrations against <i>S. marcescens</i>. The anti-virulence and antibiofilm activities of sodium citrate were evaluated phenotypically and genotypically. The results showed the significant effect of sodium citrate on decreasing the biofilm formation and other virulence factors, such as motility and the production of prodigiosin, protease, and hemolysins. This could be owed to its downregulating effect on the virulence-encoding genes. An in vivo investigation was conducted on mice and the histopathological examination of isolated tissues from the liver and kidney of mice confirmed the anti-virulence activity of sodium citrate. In addition, an in silico docking study was conducted to evaluate the sodium citrate binding ability to <i>S. marcescens</i> quorum sensing (QS) receptors that regulates its virulence. Sodium citrate showed a marked virtual ability to compete on QS proteins, which could explain sodium citrate's anti-virulence effect. In conclusion, sodium citrate is a safe food additive and can be used at low concentrations to prevent contamination and biofilm formation by <i>S. marcescens</i> and other bacteria.
Cadaveric study for placement of occipital condyle screws: technique and effects on surrounding anatomic structures (2008)

Occipital condyle screw placement is a safe and viable option for occipitocervical fixation and could be a preferred procedure in selected cases. However, further biomechanical studies are required to compare its reliability to other more established techniques.
Poster: ParkMaster (2015)

In this work we propose ParkMaster, a low-cost crowdsourcing architecture which exploits machine learning techniques and vision algorithms to evaluate parking availability in cities. While the user is normally driving ParkMaster enables off the shelf smartphones to collect information about the presence of parked vehicles by running image recognition techniques on the phones camera video streaming. The paper describes the design of ParkMaster's architecture and shows the feasibility of deploying such mobile sensor system in nowadays smartphones, in particular focusing on the practicability of running vision algorithms on phones.
ChemInform Abstract: Sonohydrolysis of In3+ Ions: Formation of Needlelike Particles of Indium Hydroxide. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparative Studies of Optical and Scintillation Properties between LiGaO2 and LiAlO2 Crystals (2017)

We have investigated optical and scintillation properties of LiGaO2 and LiAlO2 crystals. From the transmittance spectra, the absorption edges were found to be around 200 nm but wider band gap was confirmed for LiAlO2 than LiGaO2. Both photoluminescence and scintillation spectra showed a broad emission band peaking at 340 nm in the both crystals. The scintillation decay times of LiGaO2 were 460 ns and 2.8 µs while that of LiAlO2 was 2 µs. Under neutron irradiation from 252Cf, the absolute scintillation light yields of LiGaO2 and LiAlO2 were 3300 ± 300 and 7200 ± 700 ph/n, respectively.
Blocking IL-4Ra with dupilumab prevents lung inflammation in a mouse asthma model (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Dupilumab, an IL-4Rα binding monoclonal antibody (Ab) that inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, is approved for treatment of adults with inadequately controlled moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. <b>Aim:</b> Describe pharmacology associated with dupilumab mechanisms of action. <b>Methods:</b> Dupilumab effects on lung inflammation/function were evaluated in two house dust mite (HDM)-induced humanized mouse asthma models. Mice exposed to HDM thrice-weekly for 4 weeks (acute model) or 15 weeks (chronic model) received twice-weekly dupilumab, control (CTL) Ab, or no Ab prophylactically (acute model) or therapeutically (chronic model). <b>Results:</b> In the acute model, dupilumab blocked lung eosinophil (eos) infiltration by 96% (19% vs 1% live cells; <i>P</i>&lt;0.01 vs CTL). Similar results were observed in the chronic model (15% vs 2% live cells; <i>P</i>&lt;0.05 vs CTL). In both models, dupilumab was associated with a trend toward a modest increase in blood eos compared with mice receiving CTL or no Ab. Dupilumab prevented HDM-induced lung function impairment and decreased lung expression of HDM-induced chemokines/cytokines, such as <i>Ccl17</i>, <i>Cxcl1</i>, <i>Ccl24</i>, <i>IL4</i>, and <i>Il13</i>. <b>Conclusion:</b> Dupilumab prevented lung immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression, and lung function impairment in humanized mouse asthma models, despite modest increases in circulating eos levels. Similar blood eos increases were observed in dupilumab-treated asthma patients, suggesting dupilumab prevents eos lung infiltration rather than eos generation and bone marrow egress. This study shows that dupilumab prevents lung function impairment and inflammation (prophylactically and therapeutically), independent of circulating eos levels.
Physical Cell ID Detection Probability Using Synchronization Signals for NR Radio Interface in 28-GHz Band (2019)

This paper presents the physical-layer cell identity (PCID) detection probability using the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) for the New Radio (NR) radio interface considering the large frequency offset in the 28-GHz band. Simulation results show that crosscorrelation based PSS detection achieves a slightly higher PCID detection probability compared to autocorrelation based PSS detection in the lower average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) below approximately 0 dB for the subcarrier spacings (SCSs) of 120 and 240 kHz. Meanwhile, the required computational complexity for the PCID detection of the latter method is much lower than the former method. We also show that when the frequency error of a standard oscillator of a set of user equipment is ε = 20 ppm, the PCID detection probability is decreased by only approximately 28 (22)% and 3 (6)% compared to that without frequency offset at the average received SNR of -10 and 0 dB, respectively, for the SCS of 240 (120) kHz. We conclude that the multiplexing scheme for the PSS and SSS and their sequences are effective in achieving a high PCID detection probability considering the large frequency offset even with ε = 30 ppm in the 28-GHz band.
ELT-based wavelet coding of high-fidelity audio signals (2002)

An audio coder capable of high-fidelity representation of audio signals (sampled at 44.1 kHz) at a rate of 2.5 bits/sample is presented. The coder is based on a wavelet transform with frequency resolutions varying from 21.5 Hz to 344 Hz, and time resolutions varying from 23.2 ms to 1.45 ms. With this multiresolution approach, two benefits result. The preecho effect for high-frequency transients is virtually eliminated, and the wavelet transform has a computational complexity that is 15% lower than that of the commonly used block transform.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Broadcasting in DTN as an epidemic dynamics (2010)

Broadcasting in DTNs is an important problem with various applications in disaster relief, rural networks, vehicular networks. Significant work has been done in epidemiology that have addressed similar problems in a different setting. A natural question is to understand the applicability of these well understood theories in DTNs. This poster abstract is an attempt towards making these connections. We study the effect of both omnidirectional and directional antenna in broadcasting. We derive an expression for the mean broadcasting time and study the information dissemination in the system using elements of classical epidemiology through rigorous simulations.
Osteopontin Reduces Polyspermy During In Vitro Fertilization of Porcine Oocytes1 (2006)

This study was designed to determine the role of osteopontin (SPP1) in in vitro fertilization (IVF) in swine. The initial objective was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of SPP1 (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 microg/ml) on spermatozoa and oocytes during IVF. The results demonstrate that SPP1 reduced the rate of polyspermy in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). SPP1 also reduced both the number of sperm in oocytes as compared to the control and the number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida (ZP) (P < 0.05). High doses of SPP1 (1 microg/ml) reduced penetration and male pronucleus formation as compared to the control (P < 0.05). Interestingly, compared to the control group, medium doses of SPP1 increased fertilization efficiency (42.6% and 44.6% vs. 31.6%; P < 0.05), representing a 41% improvement for 0.1 microg/ml SPP1). The ZP of 0.1 microg/ml SPP1-treated oocytes was more difficult to digest than control oocytes (P < 0.05). The percentage of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa bound to the ZP during IVF increased after 4 h of 1.0 microg/ml SPP1 treatment compared to 0 or 0.1 microg/ml SPP1. SPP1 did not have an effect on sperm motility, progressive motility, and sperm viability. To confirm that the reduction of polyspermy was specific to SPP1, a mixture of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins was included in the IVF protocol and shown to have no effect on polyspermy. Furthermore, Western blotting demonstrated that a 50-kDa SPP1 form was present in the oviducts on Days 0, 3, and 5 in pregnant and nonpregnant gilts, and the concentration of SPP1 on Day 0 was higher than on Days 3 and 5. The current study represents the first report to demonstrate that SPP1 plays an important role in the regulation of pig polyspermic fertilization; it decreases polyspermy and increases fertilization efficiency during IVF.
Dynamic wavelength tuning characteristics of a three-section distributed Bragg reflector laser (1990)

Three-section distributed Bragg reflector (TS DBR) lasers are attractive candidates for use in multiwavelength optical networks since they can be tuned electronically over a wide wavelength range. In packet-switched applications, the wavelength switching speed is a key parameter, while the stability of tuning is a critical issue for narrow channel spacings. In general, it is desirable to have fast tuning with arbitrary holding times. Therefore, it is important to study the dynamic tuning characteristics of such lasers. We have investigated the speed and stability of tuning in a TS DBR laser. A rise time of ~5 ns has been observed in the tuning response for wavelength swings of 0.1-0.3 nm. Over 5.0 μs, an ~50% wavelength drift (0.11-nm drift for 6.7 mA) due to thermal effects has been observed. These direct measurements of dynamic wavelength tuning confirm earlier results,1 and moreover they reveal the dynamic nature of the carrier and thermal effects involved in an explicit manner that is very useful in understanding and improving the tuning performance at both the subsystem and device levels.
Dual targeting of polyamine synthesis and uptake in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (2021)

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an incurable malignant childhood brain tumor, with no active systemic therapies and a 5-year survival of less than 1%. Polyamines are small organic polycations that are essential for DNA replication, translation and cell proliferation. Ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, is irreversibly inhibited by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). Herein we show that polyamine synthesis is upregulated in DIPG, leading to sensitivity to DFMO. DIPG cells compensate for ODC1 inhibition by upregulation of the polyamine transporter SLC3A2. Treatment with the polyamine transporter inhibitor AMXT 1501 reduces uptake of polyamines in DIPG cells, and co-administration of AMXT 1501 and DFMO leads to potent in vitro activity, and significant extension of survival in three aggressive DIPG orthotopic animal models. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of dual targeting of polyamine synthesis and uptake as a therapeutic strategy for incurable DIPG.
Analysis of Wireless Seismic Data Acquisition Networks using Markov Chain Models (2018)

Traditional seismic data acquisition systems used for surveying during the exploration of oil and gas rely on cables between geophones and data collection center. Despite the fact that cable-based systems provide reliable seismic data transfer, their deployment and maintenance costs increase substantially as the survey area increases in scale. This paper investigates the aggregate data throughput and transmission time from wireless geophones to gateway node in a wireless geophone network architecture based on IEEE802.11af standard. The analytical expressions of throughput and transmission time are derived using Markov chain models. Two Markov models are considered for this purpose: one for modeling carrier sense multiple access method with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) behavior and the other for representing a buffer in a wireless geophone. Furthermore, the physical layer path-loss models are taken into account.