gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation of acoustic losses in waveguides for air-coupled ultrasonic phased arrays (2022)

Waveguides for ultrasonic air-coupled phased arrays offer grating lobe-free beamforming. However, the interaction between the waveguide and the transducer is not lossless as multiple effects such as thermo-viscosity, reflections and diffraction are introduced. In this work, we analyze these effects with numerical methods in two steps. First, the propagation effects inside a straight waveguide are investigated using a thermo-viscous transient analysis. In order to derive the different acoustic effects, the transient analysis is split in three steps, i.e. simulation without waveguide, with a closed waveguide and with an opened waveguide. Second, a steady state analysis is conducted to derive losses due to inefficient coupling between the transducer and a bent waveguide. As a result, the propagation losses introduced by the waveguide are 10 dB with additional uncertainty of ±3 dB due to the coupling into the waveguide, which is in good agreement with previous measurements of 7.1 dB±1 dB.
Heteroatom effects on the photophysical properties and conformational equilibrium of trans-1-phenyl-2-(2-quinoxalinyl)ethene (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeteroatom effects on the photophysical properties and conformational equilibrium of trans-1-phenyl-2-(2-quinoxalinyl)etheneSang Chul Shim, Ki Taek Lee, and Maeng Sup KimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 14, 4316–4321Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00301a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00301a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pyrazinamide Resistance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage and Treatment Outcomes in San Francisco, California (2014)

Across two decades of comprehensive epidemiologic data on tuberculosis in San Francisco County, PZA resistance was uncommon. PZA resistance caused predominantly extrapulmonary disease and was more common in Hispanics compared to other ethnicities, with nearly half the cases attributed to M. bovis. No association was found between PZA monoresistance and M.tb lineage. Treatment outcomes were not adversely influenced by the presence of PZA resistance.
IL‐21 Receptor Signaling Is Essential for BXSB‐ Yaa SLE Pathogenesis (2008)

Interleukin‐21 (IL‐21) is a cytokine with pleiotropic actions on multiple lympho‐hematopoietic lineages. BXSB‐ Yaa mice develop a severe form of a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐like disease caused by a mutation on the Y‐chromosome. We previously showed that BXSB‐ Yaa mice express elevated levels of IL‐21, but the role of IL‐21 in BXSB‐ Yaa disease pathogenesis was not determined. To investigate the importance of IL‐21 signaling in this disease, we crossed the BXSB‐ Yaa mice onto the Il21r −/− background and monitored the mice for the characteristic BXSB‐ Yaa autoimmune syndrome. A deficiency in IL‐21R resulted in the abrogation of all disease phenotypes, including abnormal splenic cell numbers and populations, Ig and anti‐nuclear antibody levels, kidney pathology, and morbidity/mortality. These results demonstrate that IL‐21 signaling is essential for the development of autoimmune disease in BXSB‐ Yaa mice and suggest that IL‐21 may be a more broadly critical cytokine in SLE autoimmunity. This work was supported in part by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Arthritis Foundation (to J. Bubier), and NIH DK56597 and R21 DK074463 (to D. Roopenian) and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.
AC/DC Current Sensor for Rotating Applications (2020)

There are several techniques for current measurement. Most of them are capable of measuring both alternating and direct current (AC/DC) components. However, they have severe drawbacks for rotating applications (large size, sensitivity to external fields, and low signal amplitude). In addition to these weaknesses, measured signals should be transmitted to a stationary part. In order to contribute solving these difficulties, this paper presents a sensor that can measure AC/DC simultaneously based on the electromagnetic coupling of two coils. To this aim, the measured waveform is analysed. In this paper, the design of such a sensor is presented. This design is validated through computer simulations and a prototype is built. The performance of this sensor prototype is analysed through experimental tests.
Granulin loss of function in human mature brain organoids implicates astrocytes in TDP-43 pathology (2023)

Loss of function (LoF) of TAR-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and mis-localization, together with TDP-43-positive and hyperphosphorylated inclusions, are found in post-mortem tissue of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, including those carrying LoF variants in the progranulin gene (GRN). Modeling TDP-43 pathology has been challenging in vivo and in vitro. We present a three-dimensional induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived paradigm-mature brain organoids (mbOrg)-composed of cortical-like-astrocytes (iA) and neurons. When devoid of GRN, mbOrgs spontaneously recapitulate TDP-43 mis-localization, hyperphosphorylation, and LoF phenotypes. Mixing and matching genotypes in mbOrgs showed that GRN<sup>-/-</sup> iA are drivers for TDP-43 pathology. Finally, we rescued TDP-43 LoF by adding exogenous progranulin, demonstrating a link between TDP-43 LoF and progranulin expression. In conclusion, we present an iPSC-derived platform that shows striking features of human TDP-43 proteinopathy and provides a tool for the mechanistic modeling of TDP-43 pathology and patient-tailored therapeutic screening for FTD and ALS.
Intrazeolite Topotactic MOCVD. 3-Dimensional Structure-Controlled Synthesis of II-VI Semiconductor Nanoclusters (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntrazeolite Topotactic MOCVD. 3-Dimensional Structure-Controlled Synthesis of II-VI Semiconductor NanoclustersGeoffrey A. Ozin, Mark R. Steele, and Andrew J. HolmesCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 7, 999–1010Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00043a023https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00043a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distortionless pulse-train propagation in a nonlinear photonic bandgap structure doped uniformly with inhomogeneously broadening two-level atoms (2002)

The pulse propagation in a one-dimensional nonlinear photonic bandgap (PBG) structure doped uniformly with inhomogeneously broadening two-level atoms is investigated. The Maxwell-Bloch equations describing pulse propagation in such a uniformly doped PBG structure are derived first and further reduced to effective nonlinear coupled-mode equations. An exact analytic pulse-train solution to these effective coupled-mode equations is obtained. Such a distortionless; pulse-train solution is given by sinusoidal functions with a DC background and a modulated phase. Numerical examples of the distortionless pulse train in a silica-based PBG structure doped uniformly with Lorentzian lineshape two-level atoms are shown.
Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans in Brazil and the United States: evidence for both local genetic differences and a global clonal population structure (1997)

Little is known about the global molecular epidemiology of the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. We studied 51 clinical and environmental (pigeon excreta) isolates from two cities in Brazil (Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro) by analyzing their carbon assimilation patterns, electrophoretic karyotypes, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) with the C. neoformans repetitive element-1 (CNRE-1), and URA5 sequences. Results were compared to those previously obtained for isolates from New York City by the same DNA typing methods. Computer-assisted analysis of RFLPs and contour-clamped homogeneous electrophoresis (CHEF) patterns and URA5 sequences was performed to generate dendrograms. Some environmental and clinical isolates were found to be indistinguishable by CHEF, CNRE-1 RFLP, and URA5 sequence analyses. Similarly, some isolates from Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte were indistinguishable by the three DNA typing techniques. Overall, Brazilian isolates appeared to be less heterogeneous by DNA analysis than isolates from other regions. Several Brazilian isolates were highly related to New York City isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained for the Brazilian isolates and those obtained for New York City isolates was congruent with the dendrogram generated from the CNRE-1 RFLP data. In summary our results indicate (i) that the discriminatory power of the DNA typing method differs for Brazilian and New York City strains, with the order being CNRE-1 RFLP analysis > URA5 sequence analysis > CHEF analysis and CHEF analysis > URA5 sequence analysis > CNRE-1 RFLP analysis, respectively; (ii) that there are differences in local genetic diversity for Brazilian and New York City isolates; (iii) that there is additional evidence linking clinical isolates to those in pigeon excreta; and (iv) that some isolates from Brazil and New York City are closely related, consistent with the global dispersal of certain pathogenic strains.
Numerical Determination of the Translocation Rate of Particles Through a Pore (2011)

Abstract Die Bewegung von großen Partikeln durch enge Poren hindurch ist ein sehr seltenes Ereignis. Deshalb ist die Bestimmung der Durchgangsrate mit Hilfe von konventionellen Simulationsmethoden wenig effizient. Die Durchgangsrate eines kugelförmigen Partikels durch eine Porengeometrie wurde in dieser Arbeit mit Hilfe des Forward Flux Sampling (FFS) bestimmt und mit dem Ergebnis konventioneller Simulationsmethoden verglichen.
Offshore underwater substation for wave energy converter arrays (2010)

In this study, the design, construction, deployment and operation of an offshore underwater substation is discussed. The seabed placed substation interconnects three linear generator wave energy converters (WECs) at the Swedish Lysekil wave energy research site. The power from the WECs fluctuates because of their direct-driven topology. The generator voltage has varying electrical frequency and amplitude. To reduce the fluctuations, the individual voltages of the WECs are rectified and the power is added on a common DC-bus in the substation. The voltage is inverted, transformed and power is transmitted to an on-shore resistive load. The substation was retrieved on two occasions since the deployment in the spring of 2009. The functionality of the substation is validated by comparing voltage and current wave forms from Simulink with measured results from laboratory experiments. In addition, a sample of results from real offshore operation is illustrated and discussed. With a proportional-integral-derivative (PID)-regulator in the inverter control, the small fluctuations in the DC-bus voltage could be minimised. However, this would reduce the energy storage capability of the DC-link smoothing capacitors.
95 ºC uncooled and high power 25-Gbps direct modulation of InGaAlAs ridge waveguide DFB laser (2009)

95oC, 25-Gbps direct modulation of a high-power (≫15mW) 1.3-µm-InGaAIAs-DFB laser is developed for the first time. The device will be a key for 4-channel CWDM uncooled light-sources used in the lower-power-consumption 100-GbE subsystems.
Design and Synthesis of Glycosylated Cholera Toxin B Subunit as a Tracer of Glycoprotein Trafficking in Organelles of Living Cells (2022)

Glycosylation of proteins is known to be essential for changing biological activity and stability of glycoproteins on the cell surfaces and in body fluids. Delivering of homogeneous glycoproteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus would enable us to investigate the function of asparagine-linked (N-) glycans in the organelles. In this work, we designed and synthesized an intentionally glycosylated cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) to be transported to the organelles of mammalian cells. The heptasaccharide, the intermediate structure of various complex-type N-glycans, was introduced to the CTB. The synthesized monomeric glycosyl-CTB successfully entered mammalian cells and was transported to the Golgi and the ER, suggesting the potential use of synthetic CTB to deliver and investigate the functions of homogeneous N-glycans in specific organelles of living cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Recrystallization of Oxygen Ion Implanted Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 Thin Films. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Broadband tuning of optomechanical cavities (2011)

We demonstrate broadband tuning of an optomechanical microcavity optical resonance by exploring the large optomechanical coupling of a double-wheel microcavity and its uniquely low mechanical stiffness. Using a pump laser with only 13 mW at telecom wavelengths we show tuning of the silicon nitride microcavity resonances over 32 nm. This corresponds to a tuning power efficiency of only 400 mW/nm. By choosing a relatively low optical Q resonance (≈ 18,000) we prevent the cavity from reaching the regime of regenerative optomechanical oscillations. The static mechanical displacement induced by optical gradient forces is estimated to be as large as 60 nm.
Correction: Mapping of a Mycoplasma-Neutralizing Epitope on the Mycoplasmal p37 Protein (2017)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169091.].
Of mice and men‐warning: Intact versus castrated adult male mice as xenograft hosts are equivalent to hypogonadal versus abiraterone treated aging human males, respectively (2013)

Adult male mice supplemented with testosterone mimic eugonadal human males, while unsupplemented animals mimic standard androgen ablation and castrated animals mimic abiraterone treated patients. These studies confirm what is claimed in Robert Burns' poem "To a Mouse" that "The best laid schemes of mice and men/often go awry.".
Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes during multistep pathogenesis of colorectal cancers (2005)

Aberrant methylation of 5'gene promoter regions associated with gene silencing is an epigenetic phenomenon responsible for silencing of tumor suppressor genes in many cancer types. The aims of our study were to study the role of methylation of a large panel of genes during multistage pathogenesis and to correlate our findings with patient age and other clinico-pathological features. We investigated the aberrant promoter methylation profile of 19 genes in 92 colorectal cancers (CRCs) and corresponding nonmalignant epithelia (NME) (n = 57), and selected 15 genes for studying 26 colorectal adenomas (CAs). On the Basis of our results, the genes could be divided into 3 groups. Group 1 consisted of 13 genes whose methylation was tumor-specific. For 8 of these genes, the methylation frequencies in CAs were similar to those of CRCs, but significantly different from the frequencies in NME. Group 2, consisting of 2 genes demonstrating little or no methylation, were present in any sample type. In Group 3, consisting of 4 genes, relatively frequent methylation was present in both CRCs and NME, and the differences between these specimen types were not significant. Methylation of Group 1 genes were tightly correlated with each other, and these genes demonstrated increased methylation frequencies in CRCs with increasing age. Methylation was not correlated with other clinico-pathological features. In general, methylation frequencies of CAs were intermediate between CRCs and NME. Our study constitutes the most comprehensive methylation profile of CRCs, demonstrates that methylation commences early during CRC pathogenesis and is an age-related phenomenon.
Case report: Airway management of a patient with popping pedunculated subglottic laryngeal polyp. (2009)

Management of airway is a great challenge to anesthesiologists. Sometimes though airway is apparently normal but lesion around it may give a concern for securing airway. Patient, 52 years, ASA grade I presented to otolaryngology clinic with important complaints of stridor and dyspnoea. There was no comorbidity. Routine investigations were normal. Indirect laryngoscopic examination revealed pedunculated mass (polyp) arising from subglottic region, with a size of 0.7 x 0.5 cm and its pedicle was around 1.5 cm long delicate structure. This polyp was not visible during inspiration but it popped out of the vocal cords during expiration. Microlaryngeal surgery was planned to remove this polyp. Intubation of trachea was a great challenge as polyp was visible only during expiration. Tracheal intubation under controlled ventilation and neuromuscular blockade might have caused rupture of polyp pedicle or dislodgement of polyp in the trachea (as its pedicle was quite thin and delicate) which would have resulted in respiratory obstruction in the patient. Fiberoptic guided awake intubation was planned during expiratory phase of spontaneous respiration in order to avoid any injury or damage to the polyp or its pedicle.
Grid enabled metamodeling (2006)

Abstract. The process of simulating and optimizing complex mechanical and electronical systems is a very time consuming and computationally intensive task. As a result, metamodeling techniques are often used for the efficient exploration of the design space, as they reduce the number of simulations needed. However, conventially such metamodels are constructed sequentially, without exploiting inherent parallelism. To tackle this inefficient use of resources we propose a framework where modeler and simulator interact through a distributed environment, (using established grid computing techniques) thus decreasing model generation and simulation turnaround time. This paper provides evidence that such a distributed approach for adaptive sampling and modeling is worthwhile investigating. Research in this new field can lead to even more innovative automated modeling tools for complex simulation systems. 1
FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population (2023)

Population isolates such as those in Finland benefit genetic research because deleterious alleles are often concentrated on a small number of low-frequency variants (0.1% ≤ minor allele frequency < 5%). These variants survived the founding bottleneck rather than being distributed over a large number of ultrarare variants. Although this effect is well established in Mendelian genetics, its value in common disease genetics is less explored<sup>1,2</sup>. FinnGen aims to study the genome and national health register data of 500,000 Finnish individuals. Given the relatively high median age of participants (63 years) and the substantial fraction of hospital-based recruitment, FinnGen is enriched for disease end points. Here we analyse data from 224,737 participants from FinnGen and study 15 diseases that have previously been investigated in large genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We also include meta-analyses of biobank data from Estonia and the United Kingdom. We identified 30 new associations, primarily low-frequency variants, enriched in the Finnish population. A GWAS of 1,932 diseases also identified 2,733 genome-wide significant associations (893 phenome-wide significant (PWS), P < 2.6 × 10<sup>-11</sup>) at 2,496 (771 PWS) independent loci with 807 (247 PWS) end points. Among these, fine-mapping implicated 148 (73 PWS) coding variants associated with 83 (42 PWS) end points. Moreover, 91 (47 PWS) had an allele frequency of <5% in non-Finnish European individuals, of which 62 (32 PWS) were enriched by more than twofold in Finland. These findings demonstrate the power of bottlenecked populations to find entry points into the biology of common diseases through low-frequency, high impact variants.
Paradigm for achieving color‐reproduction accuracy in LCDs for medical imaging (2012)

Abstract— A methodology and associated software modules for calibration, characterization, and profiling of color LCDs for color‐critical applications in medical imaging is described. Supporting analyses reveal very high color‐reproduction accuracy as determined by CIE DE2000 color differences for 21 0 test colors uniformly distributed in CIE Lab color space. The impact of the LCD tone‐reproduction curve on color‐reproduction accuracy is compared for two tone‐reproduction curves of special interest in medical imaging: the DICOM gray‐scale standard display function and the CIE L * standard lightness function. The initial results from a psychophysical investigation of the diagnostic performance of trained pathologists viewing “virtual” breast biopsy slides are reported and the diagnostic performance achieved with calibrated, color‐managed LCDs with uncalibrated LCDs without the benefits of color management is compared.
The Association of ICU Acuity With Outcomes of Patients at Low Risk of Dying (2018)

Admission to high-acuity ICUs is associated with better outcomes among low mortality-risk patients. Future research should aim to understand factors that confer benefit to patients with different risk profiles.
A transient model for a cesium vapor thermionic converter (1991)

This paper presents an analytical model for simulating the transient and steady‐state operation of cesium vapor thermionic converters. A parametric analysis is performed to assess the transient response of the converter to changes in fission power and width of interelectrode gap. The model optimizes the converter performance for maximum electric power to the load.(AIP)