gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulating Retro-Reflector Lasercom Systems for Small Unmanned Vehicles (2012)

Lasercom, also known as free space optical (FSO) communication, has enjoyed a renewal of interest driven by increasing data rate requirements and the crowding of the RF spectrum, affecting both commercial and military sectors. Military communications must also deal with intentional or unintentional jamming, as well as frequency allocation restrictions, neither of which affects lasercom. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has been conducting research on lasercom since 1998 with an emphasis on tactical applications. NRL's lasercom research has covered propagation studies in the maritime domain, component development, and systems demonstrations. NRL has developed both conventional lasercom systems and retro-reflecting systems for small platforms. This paper reviews some of the retro-reflecting work, discusses applications of lasercom in the areas of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and describes future directions.
Effect of molecular weight on the EUV-printability of main chain scission type polymers (2020)

This study on the main chain scission type polymers, PMMA and a copolymer system, shows that the EUV-printability is proportional to the<italic>M</italic><sub>w</sub>of the starting material, which is attributed to the enhanced litho-parameters of higher<italic>M</italic><sub>w</sub>material.
Neural Network for Weighted Signal Temporal Logic (2021)

In this paper, we propose a neuro-symbolic framework called weighted Signal Temporal Logic Neural Network (wSTL-NN) that combines the characteristics of neural networks and temporal logics. Weighted Signal Temporal Logic (wSTL) formulas are recursively composed of subformulas that are combined using logical and temporal operators. The quantitative semantics of wSTL is defined such that the quantitative satisfaction of subformulas with higher weights has more influence on the quantitative satisfaction of the overall wSTL formula. In the wSTL-NN, each neuron corresponds to a wSTL subformula, and its output corresponds to the quantitative satisfaction of the formula. We use wSTL-NN to represent wSTL formulas as features to classify time series data. STL features are more explainable than those used in classical methods. The wSTL-NN is end-to-end differentiable, which allows learning of wSTL formulas to be done using back-propagation. To reduce the number of weights, we introduce two techniques to sparsify the wSTL-NN.We apply our framework to an occupancy detection time-series dataset to learn a classifier that predicts the occupancy status of an office room.
New ways of measuring the pull-in voltage and transient behavior of parallel-plate capacitive MEMS transducers (2013)

In this paper we introduce two new ways of measuring the pull-in voltage and the transient behavior of parallel-plate capacitive microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) transducers. The advantages in the measurement speed and resolution of the so-called fast MEMS test will be discussed. Also an enhanced method, the time-resolved dynamic measurement, will be shown. With the second method, we can visualize the integral displacement of a membrane while measuring the voltage drop of a high-frequency signal over a shunt resistor/capacitor. With a more advanced charge amplifier circuit, also a force-free resonance measurement of the membrane and electrode is possible in one step. All this offers a robust and cheap option for tracing moving structures without the need of an optical line of sight.
Metformin increases norepinephrine transporter expression in placenta of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. (2017)

Our results strongly suggest that norepinephrine homeostasis is altered in pregnant women with PCOS. Remarkably, metformin administration during pregnancy decreases circulating norepinephrine levels and increases NET expression in the maternal side of placentas from PCOS women.
Stimulated Release of Size‐Selected Cargos in Succession from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (2012)

Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe: Die kovalente Bindung von β-Cyclodextrin (gelb; siehe Bild) an mesoporöse Siliciumdioxid-Nanopartikel (MSNs) ergibt ein duales Freisetzungssystem, das mit unterschiedlich großen Wirkstoffen (blaue und rote Kugeln) beladen werden kann, die sich auf verschiedene Stimuli hin nacheinander freisetzen lassen. Die kleineren Moleküle werden durch Absenken des pH-Wertes freigesetzt, die größeren nach Abspaltung der Cyclodextrine von der MSN-Oberfläche. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Carbonylative radical cyclization approaches to tri- and tetra-quinanes: sequential formation of three, four and five carbon-carbon bonds (1998)

Tandem radical cyclizations and carbonylative tandem cyclizations of 5,5-disubstituted cyclopentadienes provide a variety of interesting products. Standard tandem cyclization of 9 provides an epimeric mixture of angular triquinanes, but carbonylative cyclization of the related precursors 7, 18 and 22 provides new products resulting from a ‘round trip’ radical rearrangement that occurs by a carbonylation, three successive cyclizations and a fragmentation. Double carbonylation of 25 occurs with triple cyclization and no fragmentation to produce tetracycle 26 as the principal product.
Development of an Assessment Process To Evaluate Sidewalk Accessibility (1999)

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 mandates that public facilities such as sidewalks must be “accessible to and usable by” people with disabilities. A process for assessing the access characteristics of sidewalks was developed as part of a project to evaluate current conditions on sidewalks. This project is the Sidewalk Assessment Process. It was developed as a research tool for collecting objective information about sidewalk features such as grade and cross slope that impact pedestrian access. Measurements in cities across the United States were made to evaluate the accuracy of the process. It was determined from these measurements that accurate and reliable information about the accessibility of sidewalks could be collected using the process. The data were found useful to compare the dimensions of new construction and alterations on sidewalks with accessibility guidelines, to identify areas requiring additional maintenance to comply with standards, and to determine methods for solving access problems. The assessment process may be used as a stand-alone planning tool to help sidewalk professionals identify the means to improve pedestrian facilities in their jurisdictions or as part of a communitywide accessibility improvement program.
A successively refinable wavelet-based representation for content-based image retrieval (2002)

Content based retrieval of image and video data from databases is a very challenging problem, whose interest is derived from the need of future databases to support efficient access to vast amounts of visual information. Typical queries to be performed in this context check attributes of objects present in image data, such as shape, color, relative locations, etc. Therefore, the way in which image data is represented plays a fundamental role in the efficient implementation of those queries. One possibility is to take the naive approach of storing images using standard compression techniques, storing image features (such as object shape descriptors, color histograms, etc.) as explicit side information, and whenever an image is involved in the evaluation of a query decoding it to full resolution; however, many more efficient techniques (in terms of storage and computational requirements) are possible. We propose a new image coding technique which combines a wavelet image representation, embedded coding of the wavelet coefficients, and segmentation of semantically meaningful objects in the wavelet domain, to generate a bitstream in which each object is encoded independently of every other object in the image, and without explicitly storing shape boundary information. Furthermore, since the representation of each object is fully embedded, applications may, independently for each object, specify the desired target bitrate and retrieve bits from the compressed bitstream.
Volumetric coronary plaque composition using intravascular ultrasound: three-dimensional segmentation and spectral analysis (2003)

Intravascular ultrasound provides precise tomographic assessment of coronary artery disease, allowing unique potential for analysis of both plaque geometry and composition, two critical factors related to the likelihood of plaque rupture. A novel three-dimensional segmentation technique and spectral analysis are used to create a unique tool for volumetric assessment of plaque composition. The semi-automated 3D segmentation technique was used to identify luminal and medial-adventitial borders in ECG-gated images created from radiofrequency (RF) IVUS data acquired during automated pullbacks in patients. Spectral analysis was applied to the RF data within the segmented plaque. Color-coded pseudo-histology images were created from these plaque component predictions using statistical classification trees. Quantitative analysis and visualization techniques were used to assess volumetric plaque composition and provide a unique tool for evaluation of plaque vulnerability.
Structural and Molecular Conservation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Its Receptor Confers Selective Ligand-Receptor Interaction (2012)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a major player in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. It acts on pancreatic beta cells to stimulate insulin secretion and on the brain to inhibit appetite. Thus, it may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Despite the physiological and clinical importance of GLP-1, molecular interaction with the GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) is not well understood. Particularly, the specific amino acid residues within the transmembrane helices and extracellular loops of the receptor that may confer ligand-induced receptor activation have been poorly investigated. Amino acid sequence comparisons of GLP-1 and GLP1R with their orthologs and paralogs in vertebrates, combined with biochemical approaches, are useful to determine which amino acid residues in the peptide and the receptor confer selective ligand-receptor interaction. This article reviews how the molecular evolution of GLP-1 and GLP1R contributes to the selective interaction between this ligand-receptor pair, providing critical clues for the development of potent agonists for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and obesity.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, X‐Ray Crystal Structure, and Chemistry of Stable Azidoiodinanes ‐ Derivatives of Benziodoxole. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Automatic decidability (2003)

We give a set of inference rules with constant constraints. Then we show how to extend a set of equational clauses, so that if the application of these inference rules halts on these clauses, then the theory is decidable by applying a standard set of Paramodulation inference rules. In addition, we can determine the number of clauses generated in this decision procedure. For some theories, such as the theory of lists, there are 0(n /spl times/ lg(n)) clauses. For others it is polynomial. And for others it is simply exponential such as the theory of (extensional) arrays.
130 Immunogenic potential of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells expressing inducible nuclease-deactivated SpCas9 (dCas9) (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> The application of CRISPR-Cas9 for personalized medicine is potentially revolutionary for the treatment of several diseases including cancer. However, the bacterial origin of the Cas9 protein raises concerns about immunogenicity. Recent ELISA-based assays detected antibodies against Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) and Staphylococcus aureus (SaCas9) in 5–10% of sera from 343 normal healthy individuals.<sup>1,2</sup> SpCas9-specific memory CD8 T cell responses were not demonstrated in those individuals. To date, there are no conclusive studies assessing whether CRISPR-Cas9-modified CAR-T could raise CD8 T cell-mediated immunogenicity in humans. Refuge CAR-T cell platform employs an inducible, non-gene editing, nuclease deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) to modulate gene expression in response to external stimuli such as antigen-dependent CAR signaling to suppress PD-1 expression. <h3>Methods</h3> In the present study, we analyzed two putative HLA-A*02:01 and two HLA-B*07:02-associated SpCas9 T cell epitopes. The candidate epitopes were derived from a prediction algorithm that incorporates T cell receptor contact residue hydrophobicity and HLA binding affinity. We engaged in-vitro sensitization (IVS) assay to identify immunogenic potential of dCas9 peptides. <h3>Results</h3> Autologous IVS assay of T cells in two healthy donor PBMCs identified CD8-T cell responses after two rounds of stimulation against only one HLA-A*02:01-associated Cas9 peptide (sequence NLIALSLGL) P1– while the other candidate epitopes did not elicit any response. Dextramer analysis demonstrated that 15% of CD8+ T cells were specific for P1 and ~11% of CD8+ cells produced INFG upon challenge with P1-loaded T2 cells. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our in-vitro sensitization assay was able to demonstrate that dCas9 epitope P1 is immunogenic and may elicit adaptive immune response against gene edited CAR-T cells. Endogenous processing and presentation of P1 and other putative epitopes by Refuge CAR-T cells are currently being analyzed. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Refuge Biotechnologies Inc. Menlo Park, California, 94025 <h3>Trial Registration</h3> N/A <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> N/A <h3>Consent</h3> N/A <h3>References</h3> Simhadri VL, McGill J, McMahon S, Wang J, Jiang H, Sauna ZE. Prevalence of Pre-existing Antibodies to CRISPR-Associated Nuclease Cas9 in the USA Population. <i>Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev</i> 2018;<b>10</b>:105–112. Published 2018 Jun 15. doi:10.1016/j.omtm.2018.06.006 Ferdosi SR, Ewaisha R, Moghadam F, et al. Multifunctional CRISPR-Cas9 with engineered immunosilenced human T cell epitopes. <i>Nat Commun</i>2019;10(1):1842. Published 2019 Apr 23. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09693-x
Intrapituitary Adenoviral Administration of 7B2 Can Extend Life Span and Reverse Endocrinological Deficiencies in 7B2 Null Mice (2002)

The prohormone convertase PC2 requires the aid of a helper protein, known as 7B2, for production of active enzyme. Deletion of 7B2 results in a lethal phenotype resembling Cushing's disease. In this study, we have investigated the effect of a single low dose of recombinant adenovirus vector encoding 7B2 and delivered directly to the pituitary of 7B2 nulls on pituitary ACTH, plasma ACTH, corticosterone, alpha MSH and glucose, and survival time. We show that after injection of recombinant adenovirus encoding 27-kDa 7B2 into 7B2 nulls, transgene expression, as measured by RIA for 7B2, exhibits a transient elevation in the pituitary and blood, with a slight but significant elevation of PC2 activity in pituitaries of 7B2 nulls and a drop in the level of circulating ACTH concomitant with a small increase in circulating alpha MSH. The level of circulating blood glucose was increased, and that of corticosterone was decreased. Lastly, slight but significantly prolonged survival times were observed. These data showing partial rescue of 7B2 nulls support the idea that adenoviral administration of 7B2 will represent an effective means to study the role of this interesting neuroendocrine protein on endocrine function in vivo.
On Three Basic Results in the Theory of Stationary Point Processes (1968)

A simple, unified treatment is given for three basic results in the theory of stationary streams of events (point processes). These results are the basic theorem of Khintchine concerning the existence of a stream intensity, Korolyukâs theorem, and a fundamental lemma of Dobrushin giving sufficient conditions for a stationary stream to be orderly in the sense of Khintchine [2].
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple‐Component Condensation Strategies for Combinatorial Library Synthesis (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamic Programming with Spiking Neural Computing (2019)

With the advent of large-scale neuromorphic platforms, we seek to better understand the applications of neuromorphic computing to more general-purpose computing domains. Graph analysis problems have grown increasingly relevant in the wake of readily available massive data. We demonstrate that a broad class of combinatorial and graph problems known as dynamic programs enjoy simple and efficient neuromorphic implementations, by developing a general technique to convert dynamic programs to spiking neuromorphic algorithms. Dynamic programs have been studied for over 50 years and have dozens of applications across many fields.
Uniform Job Monitoring using the HPC-Europa Single Point of Access (2006)

Job monitoring in Grid systems presents an important challenge due to Grid environments are volatile, heterogeneous, not reliable and are managed by different middlewares and monitoring tools. We present the infrastructure that we have designed and implemented in the HPC-Europa European project that allows uniform access to job monitoring information from different virtual organizations. The presented system abstracts user to the complexities of the underlying systems of each middleware. The API that each center has to implement for providing access to its job monitoring information is explained. Finally, we show all the features that user can use in the portal to personalize his/her monitoring environment: how and which information has to be presented
Cytochrome C Biosensor—A Model for Gas Sensing (2011)

This work is about gas biosensing with a cytochrome c biosensor. Emphasis is put on the analysis of the sensing process and a mathematical model to make predictions about the biosensor response. Reliable predictions about biosensor responses can provide valuable information and facilitate biosensor development, particularly at an early development stage. The sensing process comprises several individual steps, such as phase partition equilibrium, intermediate reactions, mass-transport, and reaction kinetics, which take place in and between the gas and liquid phases. A quantitative description of each step was worked out and finally combined into a mathematical model. The applicability of the model was demonstrated for a particular example of methanethiol gas detection by a cytochrome c biosensor. The model allowed us to predict the optical readout response of the biosensor from tabulated data and data obtained in simple liquid phase experiments. The prediction was experimentally verified with a planar three-electrode electro-optical cytochrome c biosensor in contact with methanethiol gas in a gas tight spectroelectrochemical measurement cell.
Dry Powder Nasal Vaccines as an Alternative to Needle-Based Delivery (2009)

Drug delivery to the nasal cavity has been achieved using a variety of systems. Dry powder vaccines offer the advantages of chemical and physical stability in comparison to liquid formulations. An intranasal vaccine can elicit both a local and systemic immune response. Mucoadhesive compounds can extend the residence time for powder formulations on the nasal mucosa, potentially increasing the immune response. Manufacture and characterization of a formulation containing particles of a dry powder vaccine are discussed.
Enhanced Cancer Radiotherapy through Immunosuppressive Stromal Cell Destruction in Tumors (2013)

These data serve as an important foundation for the future clinical translation of radiotherapy combined with a clinically tested therapeutic HPV vaccine for the control of HPV-associated cancers.
Are multiport memories physically feasible? (1994)

A Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM) is a popular model of parallel computation that promises easy programmability and great parallel performance, but only if efficient shared main memories can be built. This would not be easy, because the complexity of shared memories leads to difficult technical problems. In this paper we consider the idea of true multiport memory that can be used as a building block for efficient PRAM-style shared main memory. Two possible structures for multiport memory chips are presented. We shall also give a preliminary cost-effectivity and performance analysis for memory systems using proposed multiport RAMs. Results are encouraging: At least small size multiport memories seem to be physically feasible.
Methacrylate-Functionalized Oligomers Based On Lactide, E-Caprolactone And Trimethylene Carbonate For Application In Stereo-Lithography (2006)

(2006). Methacrylate-Functionalized Oligomers Based On Lactide, E-Caprolactone And Trimethylene Carbonate For Application In Stereo-Lithography. Materials Research Innovations: Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. lxxxi-82.
Water-Control Management Technologies: A Review of Successful Chemical Technologies in the Last Two Decades (2010)

Abstract Completion technologies and programs have had significant improvements throughout the last two decades. But water-production problems associated with channeling, cross flow, and coning still prevail in many areas. In addition to undesirable effects of the water on the surface and subsurface equipment, the cost of handling the water in producing wells can seriously reduce the profitability of the well. Diagnosing the causes of water-control problems has long been a major hurdle to operational economics. In the past two decades, water-control technologies have also evolved and developed significantly. This paper is a review of those technologies. It covers the gamut of water-control-related problems that can arise during the life of a well. A decision-matrix chart depicting types of water-control problems with the appropriate water-control technology is given. Case-history references for each solution category are also presented. The paper classifies different types of water-production problems keyed by their onset mechanisms. It also presents a review of the methods and limitations of the current water-control processes. A special emphasis is placed on the description of solutions to the water-control problems that are linked to hydraulic-fracture stimulation of reservoirs. The paper discusses the water-control management issues in the following categories: (1) prediagnostic evaluation, (2) problem identification, (3) diagnostic evaluation, (4) treatment-design considerations, (5) chemical water-control technologies, and (6) case-history references for each problem-solution category. Information presented in this paper will provide a completion engineer a good understanding of the range of water-control issues and give a methodical approach to selecting appropriate and optimum solutions that have evolved in the last two decades.