gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Privileged Antigen Presentation in Splenic B Cell Follicles Maximizes T Cell Responses in Prime-Boost Vaccination (2016)

Effector T cells (TEFF) are a barrier to booster vaccination because they can rapidly kill Ag-bearing APCs before memory T cells are engaged. We report in this study that i.v. delivery of rhabdoviral vectors leads to direct infection of follicular B cells in the spleen, where the earliest evidence of secondary T cell responses was observed. This allows booster immunizations to rapidly expand CD8(+) central memory T cells (TCM) during the acute phase of the primary response that is dominated by TEFF Interestingly, although the ablation of B cells before boosting with rhabdoviral vectors diminishes the expansion of memory T cells, B cells do not present Ags directly. Instead, depletion of CD11c(+) dendritic cells abrogates secondary T cell expansion, suggesting that virus-infected follicular B cells may function as an Ag source for local DCs to subsequently capture and present the Ag. Because TCM are located within B cell follicles in the spleen whereas TEFF cannot traffic through follicular regions, Ag production and presentation by follicular APCs represent a unique mechanism to secure engagement of TCM during an ongoing effector response. Our data offer insights into novel strategies for rapid expansion of CD8(+) T cells using prime-boost vaccines by targeting privileged sites for Ag presentation.
Guidewire‐assisted placement of water‐perfused esophageal high‐resolution manometry probe when gastric insertion fails: A single‐center experience (2022)

In cases of inability to traverse the EGJ, insertion of a water-perfused HRM probe using an endoscopically-placed nasogastric guidewire allows successful EGJ and esophageal peristalsis assessment. Although motility disorders are often suspected using alternative diagnostic modalities, guidewire-assisted placement of HRM may be helpful for revealing them in patients where alternative diagnostic modalities are either unavailable or inconclusive.
Downlink Power Control for Massive MIMO Cellular Systems with Optimal\n User Association (2016)

This paper aims to minimize the total transmit power consumption for Massive\nMIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) downlink cellular systems when each user\nis served by the optimized subset of the base stations (BSs). We derive a lower\nbound on the ergodic spectral efficiency (SE) for Rayleigh fading channels and\nmaximum ratio transmission (MRT) when the BSs cooperate using non-coherent\njoint transmission. We solve the joint user association and downlink transmit\npower minimization problem optimally under fixed SE constraints. Furthermore,\nwe solve a max-min fairness problem with user specific weights that maximizes\nthe worst SE among the users. The optimal BS-user association rule is derived,\nwhich is different from maximum signal-to-noise-ratio (max-SNR) association.\nSimulation results manifest that the proposed methods can provide good SE for\nthe users using less transmit power than in small-scale systems and that the\noptimal user association can effectively balance the load between BSs when\nneeded.\n
Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Satellite Tethered Systems (2003)

The objective of this paper is to study the dynamic simulation of a tether as it is deployed or retrieved by a winch on a satellite orbiting around earth. In an effort to understand the problem incrementally, the following three models were developed: (a) Model 1: A tether with constant length moves on earth in the plane of constant gravity; (b) Model 2: A tether is deployed from a drum on earth in the plane of constant gravity, i.e., length of the cable changes during deployment; (c) Model 3: A tether is deployed from a drum on an orbiting satellite. These models have been chosen to bring different aspects as well as levels of difficulty in the analysis. For example, in Model 1, the length of cable is fixed and the gravity direction is constant during motion. The equations of motion for this model are derived using Newton’s laws and Hamilton’s principle to show the equivalence of the two methods. In Model 2, free length of the cable changes during deployment. The changing length of the cable introduces coupled nonlinearities into the motion. Model 3 includes the orbital effect on the motion of deployed cable. Each of these three dynamic models characterized by partial differential equations are first converted to a finite number of ordinary differential equations using Ritz’s procedure and are then numerically integrated using Matlab ODE solvers.
IgA and IgG Hypogammaglobulinemia Are Associated with Mutations in the APRIL/BLYS Receptor TACI in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (WM). (2006)

Abstract IgA and IgG hypogammaglobulinemia are a common finding in patients with WM which may contribute to recurrent infections seen in up to half of WM patients. The etiology for this finding remains unclear. As part of these studies, we investigated the prevalence and genetic basis for IgA and IgG hypogammaglobulinemia among 89 previously untreated patients with the clinicopathological diagnosis of WM. Their median IgM was 2,980 (180–12,400) mg/dl, median BM involvement was 35% (5%–95%) and median B2M was 2.7 (1.4–13.7 mg/dL). Fifty-six (63%) and 66 (74%) of these patients demonstrated IgG (&lt;700 mg/dL) and IgA (&lt;70 mg/dL) hypogammaglobulinemia, respectively. Importantly, no correlation was seen between serum IgG and IgA levels and BM disease involvement, suggesting no direct impact of disease involvement on the production of uninvolved immunoglobulins. Given these findings, we undertook extensive germline and somatic sequence studies to determine if mutations existed within the APRIL/BLYS receptor TACI, which commonly is mutated in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorder (CVID). Six of 29 (21%) sequenced patients displayed variants within TACI, which were present in both tumor cells (n=6) and germline (n=5). Importantly, patients displaying variants in TACI demonstrated significantly lower serum IgG (280 vs. 676 mg/dL; p=0.0009) and IgA (20 vs. 41 mg/dL; p=0.0006) levels versus patients without TACI variants. Lastly, sequence analysis of APRIL, BLYS as well as the TACI downstream TRAF proteins have led to detection of numerous variants which may further account for hypogammaglobulinemia among patients with normal TACI expression. These data suggest that aberrations in TACI signaling may account for IgG and IgA hypogammaglobulinemia in WM, akin to patients with CVID. Moreover, mutations within TACI signaling may have pathological implications for WM since a 300 fold increased incidence of lymphoma has been observed among CVID patients. The impact of TACI mutations on pathogenesis of WM is currently under investigation in our laboratory.
An optimum method to design probe-fed single-layer single-path wideband microstrip antenna (2000)

A simple electrical network for a Single Layer Microstrip Patch Antenna (SLMPA) and the feeding structure (coaxial probe and compensating capacitor) is proposed to predict the input impedance. The mathematical
analysis allows to design an optimum feed that enhances the impedance bandwidth (BW).
Reversal of GATA-6 Downregulation Promotes Smooth Muscle Differentiation and Inhibits Intimal Hyperplasia in Balloon-Injured Rat Carotid Artery (1999)

The GATA-6 transcription factor is expressed in quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in culture, and levels of its transcript are rapidly downregulated on mitogen stimulation. In this study, we demonstrate that the GATA-6 transcript, protein, and DNA-binding activity are downregulated in rat carotid arteries on balloon injury. Downregulation was detected at 1 and 3 days after injury and recovered by 7 days. To assess the role of GATA-6 downregulation in injury-induced vascular lesion formation, adenoviral vectors were used to express wild-type human GATA-6 cDNA (Ad-GATA6) or an inactive mutant cDNA that lacks a portion of the zinc-finger domain (Ad-GATA6DeltaZF). Adenovirus-mediated GATA-6 gene transfer to the vessel wall after balloon injury partially restored the levels of GATA-6 protein and DNA-binding activity to before injury levels. The local delivery of Ad-GATA6 but not Ad-GATA6DeltaZF inhibited lesion formation by 46% relative to saline control and 50% relative to a control adenovirus that expressed lacZ. Local delivery of Ad-GATA6 also reversed changes in the expression patterns of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, smooth muscle alpha-actin, calponin, vinculin, metavinculin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen that are associated with injury-induced VSMC phenotypic modulation. These data indicate that the injury-induced downregulation of GATA-6 is an essential feature of VSMC phenotypic modulation that contributes to vessel lesion formation.
Figure S2 from Delta-Like Ligand–Notch1 Signaling Is Selectively Modulated by HPV16 E6 to Promote Squamous Cell Proliferation and Correlates with Cervical Cancer Prognosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Immunostaining of DLL4 and N1ICD in NIKS monolayers and/or organotypic rafts.&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular Genetic Etiology and Revisiting the Middle Ear Surgery Outcomes of Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome: Experience in a Tertiary Referral Center (2023)

The results of this study were against the notion that middle ear surgery is always contraindicated in patients with BOR/BO syndrome, and an EVA could be a negative prognostic indicator of middle ear surgery in BOR/BO patients. This may aid to determine the strategy of audiological rehabilitation in patients with BOR/BO syndrome.
HIV-1 protease inhibitors with a tertiary alcohol containing transition-state mimic and various P2 and P1′ substituents (2011)

Two series, including in total 18 novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors, comprising a tertiary alcohol as the transition-state mimic have been synthesised and evaluated. Replacement of the previously used, but metabolically unstable, indanol amide group with amino acid derived aliphatic P2–P3 moieties provided potent inhibitors with low Ki- and EC50-values (2.7 nM and 2.0 μM, respectively). The P1′ subunit was varied using 10 different aromatic and heteroaromatic substituents furnishing the corresponding inhibitors with retained activity. Permeability and stability studies showed examples in the same range as Atazanavir. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of two selected inhibitor enzyme co-complexes (9a and 9d) supplied detailed structural information. The binding modes were compared to those of Atazanavir and a previously reported indanol amide containing inhibitor (14). The novel inhibitors with an elongated P1′ side chain enabled a previously unexploited edge-on interaction with Phe53/153. Exchange of the previously used indanol amide P2 moiety, with a tert-leucine derived P2–P3 side chain, furnished small main chain displacements in the S2–S3 pocket. The methyl amide in the P3 position caused a 2 Å shift of the Arg8/108 in comparison to 14, indicating the flexibility of the protease active site.
CytoView (1999)

Preliminary evaluation of CytoView indicated potential for this format as a valid and logistically feasible alternative to the traditional glass slide PT format.
Playing Angry Birds with a Domain-Independent PDDL+ Planner (2021)

This demo paper presents the first system for playing the popular Angry Birds game using a domain-independent planner. Our system models Angry Birds levels using PDDL+, a planning language for mixed discrete/continuous domains. It uses a domain-independent PDDL+ planner to generate plans and executes them. In this demo paper, we present the system's PDDL+ model for this domain, identify key design decisions that reduce the problem complexity, and compare the performance of our system to model-specific methods for this domain. The results show that our system's performance is on par with other domain-specific systems for Angry Birds, suggesting the applicability of domain-independent planning to this benchmark AI challenge.
Interaction forces and adhesion of supported myelin lipid bilayers modulated by myelin basic protein (2009)

Force-distance measurements between supported lipid bilayers mimicking the cytoplasmic surface of myelin at various surface coverages of myelin basic protein (MBP) indicate that maximum adhesion and minimum cytoplasmic spacing occur when each negative lipid in the membrane can bind to a positive arginine or lysine group on MBP. At the optimal lipid/protein ratio, additional attractive forces are provided by hydrophobic, van der Waals, and weak dipolar interactions between zwitterionic groups on the lipids and MBP. When MBP is depleted, the adhesion decreases and the cytoplasmic space swells; when MBP is in excess, the bilayers swell even more. Excess MBP forms a weak gel between the surfaces, which collapses on compression. The organization and proper functioning of myelin can be understood in terms of physical noncovalent forces that are optimized at a particular combination of both the amounts of and ratio between the charged lipids and MBP. Thus loss of adhesion, possibly contributing to demyelination, can be brought about by either an excess or deficit of MBP or anionic lipids.
Hemodynamics of Prefrontal Cortex in Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency: A Twin Case Study (2020)

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is the most common form of urea cycle disorder characterized by the presence of hyperammonemia (HA). In patients with OTCD, HA is known to cause impairments in domains of executive function and working memory. Monitoring OTCD progression and investigating neurocognitive biomarkers can, therefore, become critical in understanding the underlying brain function in a population with OTCD. We used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the hemodynamics of prefrontal cortex (PFC) in a fraternal twin with and without OTCD. fNIRS is a non-invasive and wearable optical technology that can be used to assess cortical hemodynamics in a realistic clinical setting. We quantified the hemodynamic variations in total-hemoglobin as assessed by fNIRS while subjects performed the <i>N</i>-back working memory (WM) task. Our preliminary results showed that the sibling with OTCD had higher variation in a very low frequency band (<0.03 Hz, related to mechanism of cerebral autoregulation) compared to the control sibling. The difference between these variations was not as prominent in the higher frequency band, indicating the possible role of impaired autoregulation and cognitive function due to presence of HA. We further examined the functional connectivity in PFC, where the OTCD sibling showed lower interhemispheric functional connectivity as the task load increased. Our pilot results are the first to show the utility of fNIRS in monitoring OTCD cortical hemodynamics, indicating the possibility of inefficient neurocognitive function. This study provides a novel insight into the monitoring of OTCD focusing on the contribution of physiological process and neurocognitive function in this population.
Hydrogenation of but-2-enal over supported Au/ZnO catalysts (2001)

The hydrogenation of but-2-enal over supported Au catalysts is discussed, together with a detailed characterisation study using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Au/ZnO catalysts are found to be selective for the formation of the unsaturated alcohol, but-2-en-1-ol rather than the saturated aldehyde, butanal. In general, the addition of thiophene is found to enhance the yield of the unsaturated alcohol. Detailed transmission electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy studies show that thiophene modification of Au/ZnO catalysts does not affect the Au-particle size or morphology; rather, thiophene undergoes irreversible dissociative adsorption giving a surface in which the Au sites are electronically promoted by sulfur. It is observed that thiophene modification does not give any marked effect on catalyst performance for the catalysts that contain large Au-particles (10 nm) and, hence, it is considered that the sulfur promotion observed is associated with smaller Au nanoparticles. The highest but-2-en-1-ol selectivities (∽80%) are observed for 5 wt.% Au/ZnO catalysts reduced at 400°C prior to reaction. It is proposed that the origin of high selectivity is associated with large Au particles (10–20 nm in diameter) that are present in this catalyst.
Effect of Crystal Defects on Reverse I-V Characteristics of 4H-SiC APDs (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Novel Pyridyl Substituted 4,5-Dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolines as Potent and Selective Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors with Improved in Vitro Metabolic Stability (2015)

CYP11B2 inhibition is a promising treatment for diseases caused by excessive aldosterone. To improve the metabolic stability in human liver miscrosomes of previously reported CYP11B2 inhibitors, modifications were performed via a combination of ligand- and structure-based drug design approaches, leading to pyridyl 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolones. Compound 26 not only exhibited a much longer half-life (t1/2 ≫ 120 min), but also sustained inhibitory potency (IC50 = 4.2 nM) and selectivity over CYP11B1 (SF = 422), CYP17, CYP19, and a panel of hepatic CYP enzymes.
Learning a Contextual Multi-Thread Model for Movie/TV Scene Segmentation (2013)

<?Pub Dtl=""?> Compared with general videos, movies and TV shows attract a significantly larger portion of people across time and contain very rich and interesting narrative patterns of shots and scenes. In this paper, we aim to recover the inherent structure of scenes and shots in such video narratives. The obtained structure could be useful for subsequent video analysis tasks such as tracking objects across cuts, action retrieval, as well as enriching user browsing and video editing interfaces. Recent research on this problem has mainly focused on combining multiple cues such as scripts, subtitles, sound, or human faces. However, considering that visual information is sufficient for human to identify scene boundaries and some cues are not always available, we are motivated to design a purely visual approach. Observing that dialog patterns occur frequently in a movie/TV show to form a scene, we propose a probabilistic framework to imitate the authoring process. The multi-thread shot model and contextual visual dynamics are embedded into a unified framework to capture the video hierarchy. We devise an efficient algorithm to jointly learn the parameters of the unified model. Experiments on two large datasets containing six movies and 24 episodes of Lost, a popular TV show with complex plot structures, are conducted. Comparative results show that, leveraging only visual cues, our method could successfully recover complicated shot threads and outperform several approaches. Moreover, our method is fast and advantageous for large-scale computation.
An algorithm for impedance imaging (1992)

We describe a simple fast algorithm we have used for impedance imaging.
Immune Monitoring Reveals Fusion Peptide Priming to Imprint Cross-Clade HIV-Neutralizing Responses with a Characteristic Early B Cell Signature (2020)

The HIV fusion peptide (FP) is a promising vaccine target. FP-directed monoclonal antibodies from vaccinated macaques have been identified that neutralize up to ∼60% of HIV strains; these vaccinations, however, have involved ∼1 year with an extended neutralization-eclipse phase without measurable serum neutralization. Here, in 32 macaques, we test seven vaccination regimens, each comprising multiple immunizations of FP-carrier conjugates and HIV envelope (Env) trimers. Comparisons of vaccine regimens reveal FP-carrier conjugates to imprint cross-clade neutralizing responses and a cocktail of FP conjugate and Env trimer to elicit the earliest broad responses. We identify a signature, appearing as early as week 6 and involving the frequency of B cells recognizing both FP and Env trimer, predictive of vaccine-elicited breadth ∼1 year later. Immune monitoring of B cells in response to vaccination can thus enable vaccine insights even in the absence of serum neutralization, here identifying FP imprinting, cocktail approach, and early signature as means to improve FP-directed vaccine responses.
An Efficient Synthesis of 4.4-Dephenylcyclopentene (1990)

Abstract A useful preparative route to 4,4-diphenylcyclopentene 1 . is described.
Ultrasensitive Label-free Electronic Chip for DNA Analysis Using Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectrode Arrays (2004)

There is a strong need for faster, cheaper, and simpler methods for nucleic acid analysis in today s clinical tests. Nanotechnologies can potentially provide solutions to these requirements by integrating nanomaterials with biofunctionalities. Dramatic improvement in the sensitivity and multiplexing can be achieved through the high-degree miniaturization. Here, we present our study in the development of an ultrasensitive label-free electronic chip for DNA/RNA analysis based on carbon nanotube nanoelectrode arrays. A reliable nanoelectrode array based on vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) embedded in a SiO2 matrix is fabricated using a bottom-up approach. Characteristic nanoelectrode behavior is observed with a low-density MWNT nanoelectrode array in measuring both the bulk and surface immobilized redox species. The open-end of MWNTs are found to present similar properties as graphite edge-plane electrodes, with a wide potential window, flexible chemical functionalities, and good biocompatibility. A BRCA1 related oligonucleotide probe with 18 bases is covalently functionalized at the open ends of the MWNTs and specifically hybridized with an oligonucleotide target as well as a PCR amplicon. The guanine bases in the target molecules are employed as the signal moieties for the electrochemical measurements. Ru(bpy)3(2+) mediator is used to further amplify the guanine oxidation signal. This technique has been employed for direct electrochemical detection of label-free PCR amplicon through specific hybridization with the BRCAl probe. The detection limit is estimated to be less than approximately 1000 DNA molecules, approaching the limit of the sensitivity by laser-based fluorescence techniques in DNA microarray. This system provides a general electronic platform for rapid molecular diagnostics in applications requiring ultrahigh sensitivity, high-degree of miniaturization, simple sample preparation, and low- cost operation.