gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Affinity purification of seminalplasmin and characterization of its interaction with calmodulin (1986)

Bull seminalplasmin antagonizes with high potency and selectivity the activating effect of calmodulin on target enzymes [Gietzen & Galla (1985) Biochem. J. 230, 277-280]. In the present paper we establish that seminalplasmin forms a 1:1, Ca2+-dependent and urea-resistant complex with calmodulin. The dissociation constant equals 1.6 nM. In the absence of Ca2+ a low-affinity complex is formed that is disrupted by 4 M-urea. On the basis of these properties, a fast affinity purification of seminalplasmin was developed. The high specificity of seminalplasmin as a calmodulin antagonist was demonstrated for the multipathway-regulated adenylate cyclase of bovine cerebellum. Far-u.v. c.d. properties are consistent with a random form of seminalplasmin in aqueous solution; 23% alpha-helix is induced on interaction with calmodulin. The fluorescence properties of the single tryptophan residue of seminalplasmin are markedly changed on formation of the complex. These studies allowed us to locate tentatively the peptide segment that interacts with calmodulin, and to ascertain the structural homology between seminalplasmin and other calmodulin-binding peptides. Additional material, showing the inhibition of calmodulin-mediated activation of bovine brain phosphodiesterase by melittin and seminalplasmin and also the near-u.v. spectrum of affinity-purified seminalplasmin, has been deposited as supplement SUP 50135 (4 pages) at the British Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies may be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1986) 233, 5.
Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase in the Kidneys (2007)

Three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and two of cyclooxygenase (COX) are expressed in the normal kidney. Neuronal (type I) NOS is expressed heavily in the macula densa, where it blunts the tubuloglomerular feedback response that increases afferent arteriolar tone in proportion to distal NaCl delivery and in the cortical and inner medullary collecting ducts where it impairs tubular Na+entry. Endothelial (type III) NOS is expressed in endothelial cells where it mediates the endothelium-derived relaxing factor response and in the thick ascending limb, where it inhibits tubular NaCl reabsorption. Inducible (type II) NOS is widely expressed after cytokine challenge. It participates in cell death following sepsis or ischemia of the kidney. COX-1 is expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of renal vasculature and in the medullary collecting ducts where it antogonizes arginine vasopressin and inhibits Na+reabsorption. COX-2 is expressed in the macula densa cells and adjacent thick ascending limb where it enhances renin section and inhibits tubular NaCl reabsorption. NOS and COX isoforms interact extensively to fulfill their major roles of adapting renal function to changes in salt and water intake or blood pressure.
Even Better Kinase Inhibitors for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2010)

The clinical success of imatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), which was first reported 9 years ago,1 catalyzed a systemwide shift in the development of cancer drugs to include molecularly targeted therapies. According to one recent estimate, approximately 200 such drugs are now in the clinical-development pipeline. First approved for interferon-resistant CML, imatinib quickly became the standard of care in patients with newly diagnosed CML on the basis of the drug's remarkable efficacy (complete cytogenetic remissions in some 70% of patients) with minimal toxic effects when used as initial therapy.2 Success of that magnitude is rare in oncology. . . .
Breadth-first search for finding the optimal phonetic transcription from multiple utterances (2001)

Extending the vocabulary of a large vocabulary speech recognition system usually requires phonetic transcriptions for all words to be known. With automatic phonetic baseform determination acoustic samples of the words in question can substitute for the required expert knowledge. In this paper we follow a probabilitistic approach to this problem and present a novel breadth-first search algorithm which takes full advantage of multiple samples. An extension to the algorithm to genereate phone graphs as well as an EM based iteration scheme for estimating stochastic pronunciation models is presented. In preliminary experiments phoneme error rates below 5% with respect to the standard pronunciation are achieved without language or word specific prior knowledge.
Regulation of self-ligands for activating natural killer cell receptors (2013)

Natural killer (NK) cells are able to lyse infected and tumor cells while sparing healthy cells. Recognition of diseased cells by NK cells is governed by several activating and inhibitory receptors. We review numerous pathways that have been implicated in the regulation of self-ligands for activating receptors, including NKG2D, DNAM-1, LFA-1, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, NKp65, and NKp80 found on NK cells and some T cells. Understanding how the regulation of self-encoded ligand expression is regulated may provide novel avenues for future therapeutic approaches to infections and cancer.
Inertia for wind power plants. State of the art review: Year 2011 (2011)

Large amounts of wind power are expected in the power systems and new requirements for system stability, e.g. inertial response, are currently under discussion. The paper first presents an overview of primary frequency response requirements and inertia response options for wind power as seen in year 2011. This is followed by an overview and comparison of the current most likely technical candidates available for implementation of inertia in wind power plants. Many aspects are covered e.g. input signal, overload or curtailment aspects, double dip effect on frequency, and advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the most suitable available option today is soft-fast frequency response, SFFR, as it has shown to be the most technically viable and robust solution. This solution is close to conventional primary frequency response. It is argued in the paper that this type of control can reduce the need for more sophisticated inertial control schemes as the primary response from wind power is much faster than the similar one from conventional generation. This is believed to be valid even for very high penetration degrees in the range of 50% or more. SFFR comes at a cost of curtailment. But in high wind power penetration scenarios, curtailment is most likely to be needed for primary frequency control anyway. The authors would like to encourage others to investigate the degree by which soft fast frequency response, as presented in this paper, can replace synchronous machine inertia under various holistic system conditions. (orig.)
Water and Alcohol Vapor Sensitivity and Calorimetric Study on Magnetic Octacyano-Bridged Bimetallic Assemblies (2014)

This review describes unique magnetic functionalities observed in cyano-bridged bimetallic assemblies that are classified as molecule-based magnets. Copper octacyanotungstate (1) has a 3-dimensional network structure. As the temperature decreases, 1 exhibits a magnetic dimensional crossover from 2-dimensional Heisenberg-type magnetic ordering to 3-dimensional Heisenberg-type magnetic ordering, which originates from the switching of the dominant superexchange interaction from the intralayer to the interlayer. Cobalt octacyanoniobate (2) exhibits humidity-sensitive magnetism from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism as the humidity decreases. Copper octacyanotungstate (3), whose crystal structure differs from 1, displays an alcohol-sensitive magnetism with an extensive change in magnetization. The diverse spatial configurations and flexible coordination geometries are important to observe such magnetic functionalities because these features enable bimetallic assemblies to be altered using external stimuli. Keywords: Alcohol-sensitive magnetism, coordination geometry, cyano-bridged bimetallic assembly, humidity-sensitive magnetism, long-range magnetic ordering, magnetic dimensional crossover, magnetic heat capacity, molecule-based magnet, octacyano metalate, structural flexibility, superexchange interaction.
Learning hybrid force and position control of robot manipulators (2003)

A hybrid force and position controller with a feedforward compensator is designed in the constraint coordinates. When the operation is periodic, the learning control is applied to enhance the performance of the hybrid force and position control as the feedforward compensator is updated in each cycle by the force and position error in the preceding trials. This scheme is proved to be stable. In the experiments, a two-degree-of-freedom SCARA-type direct-drive robot manipulator was used. The deburring tool mounted on the upper link of the robot could follow a flat, tilted flat, and curved 1/4 inch aluminum plate with a desired contact force of 10 N, and with desired tangential velocity. Considering the loss of contact observed at the initial trial, the performance of the system improved significantly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract 2436: AGS-16M8F is a novel antibody drug conjugate (ADC) for treating renal and liver cancers (2010)

Abstract AGS-16 is a novel transmembrane antigen discovered by Agensys using transcription profiling and is expressed in kidney, liver and other cancers. A fully human IgG2k monoclonal antibody that binds to AGS-16 with high affinity was conjugated to the anti-microtubulin drug monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) via a noncleavable maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker to yield the antibody drug conjugate, AGS-16M8F. AGS-16M8F was evaluated for binding affinity, species cross reactivity and cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Its’ anti-tumor activity was investigated using multiple established patient-derived and cell line models of renal clear cell carcinomas. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of AGS-16M8F was evaluated in mice. In addition, the expression of AGS-16 protein in patient kidney and liver cancer specimens was confirmed using IHC. AGS-16M8F bound with high affinity (Kd = 0.3 nM) to both human and cynomolgus monkey AGS-16 orthologs. Following cell surface binding, AGS-16M8F was internalized and trafficked to lysosomes leading to catabolism and release of active drug metabolite. AGS-16M8F mediated potent cell cytotoxicity in vitro and led to significant and prolonged growth inhibition or complete eradication of multiple established renal cancer xenograft models, including those grown orthotopically. Pharmacokinetic analysis of AGS-16M8F in mice demonstrated ADC stability. IHC analysis confirmed that AGS-16 was highly expressed in over 80% of renal clear cell cancers and 33% of hepatocellular carcinomas. When considered together these data indicate that AGS-16M8F is a promising therapeutic ADC for the treatment of renal and other AGS-16 expressing cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2436.
Structure and reactivity of bicyclic methylene aziridines prepared by intramolecular aziridination of allenes (2010)

Unprecedented bicyclic methylene aziridines are prepared by rhodium(II)-catalyzed allene aziridination of buta-2,3-dienyl carbamates. Aspects of their NMR and X-ray data are described and a preliminary reactivity profile is given, including overall S(N)V-mode ring-opening with organometallic reagents.
Perfusion of MC3T3E1 Preosteoblast Spheroids within Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds: An Experimental and Numerical Study at the Bioreactor Scale (2023)

The traditional 3D culture systems in vitro lack the biological and mechanical spatiotemporal stimuli characteristic to native tissue development. In our study, we combined porous polysaccharide-based hydrogel scaffolds with a bioreactor-type perfusion device that generates favorable mechanical stresses while enhancing nutrient transfers. MC3T3E1 mouse osteoblasts were seeded in the scaffolds and cultivated for 3 weeks under dynamic conditions at a perfusion rate of 10 mL min<sup>-1</sup>. The spatial distribution of the cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was visualized by MRI. Confocal microscopy was used to assess cell numbers, their distribution inside the scaffolds, cell viability, and proliferation. The oxygen diffusion coefficient in the hydrogel was measured experimentally. Numerical simulations of the flow and oxygen transport within the bioreactor were performed using a lattice Boltzmann method with a two-relaxation time scheme. Last, the influence of cell density and spheroid size on cell oxygenation was investigated. The cells spontaneously organized into spheroids with a diameter of 30-100 μm. Cell viability remained unchanged under dynamic conditions but decreased under static culture. The cell proliferation (Ki67 expression) in spheroids was not observed. The flow simulation showed that the local fluid velocity reached 27 mm s<sup>-1</sup> at the height where the cross-sectional area of the flow was the smallest. The shear stress exerted by the fluid on the scaffolds may locally rise to 100 mPa, compared with the average value of 25 mPa. The oxygen diffusion coefficient in the hydrogel was 1.6×10-9 m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. The simulation of oxygen transport and consumption confirmed that the cells in spheroids did not suffer from hypoxia when the bioreactor was perfused at 10 mL min<sup>-1</sup>, and suggested the existence of optimal spheroid size and spacing for appropriate oxygenation. Collectively, these findings enabled us to define the optimal conditions inside the bioreactor for an efficient in vitro cell organization and survival in spheroids, which are paramount to future applications with organoids.
New inhibitors of DNA and RNA biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo (1985)

Обзор собственных данных авторов о способах синтеза и свойствах большого количества новых ингибиторов биосинтеза ДНК и РНК in vitro и in vivo. На индивидуальных матрицах с участием очищенных ДНК- и РНК-полимераз определен молекулярный механизм действия этих ингибиторов в реакциях полимеризации, пирофосфоролиза и гидролиза. Показана применимость некоторых ингибиторов для изучения репликации в культуре клеток эукариот, в эмбрионах и ядрах клеток, а также репарации ДНК в хроматине.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with a dynamic translational plating versus a rigid carbon fiber reinforced PEEK plating system – a comparison study of radiographic parameters (2021)

ACDF allows for correction and maintenance of cervical alignment. Rigid rigid plate appears more effective at maintaining segmental lordotic correction. The fusion rate and implant failure was not different for both groups.
Dimorphic Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein‐1 epitopes turn off memory T cells and interfere with T cell priming (2006)

The leading blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate antigen, Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) occurs in two major allelic types worldwide. The molecular basis promoting this stable dimorphism is unknown. In this study, we have shown that allelic altered peptide ligand (APL) T cell epitopes of MSP-1 mutually inhibited IFN-gamma secretion as well as proliferation of CD4+ T cells in 27/34 malaria exposed Gambian volunteers. Besides this inhibition of malaria-specific immunity, the same variant epitopes were also able to impair the priming of human T cells in malaria naive individuals. Epitope variants capable of interfering with T cell priming as well as inhibiting memory T cell effector functions offer a uniquely potent combination for immune evasion. Indeed, enhanced co-habitation of parasites bearing such antagonistic allelic epitope regions was observed in a study of 321 West African children, indicating a survival advantage for parasites able to engage this inhibitory immune interference mechanism.
Elaboration of stimuli responsive core-shell magnetic latexes from oil in water ferrofluid emulsion (2009)

Abstract This manuscript describes the elaboration of temperature sensitive highly magnetic latex particles. The particle core is crosslinked polymer matrix containing iron oxide nanoparticles. The shell is a combination of highly crosslinked hydrophobic polymer and crosslinked stimuli responsive hydrophilic polymer. The polymerization was performed in two steps: the elaboration of seed magnetic latex particles for oil in water magnetic emulsion and (ii) the functionalization of the obtained magnetic latexes via seed polymerization in the presence of water soluble reactants. The obtained final core-shell latexes exhibit the following properties: The iron oxide content is above 50 wt.%. The size distribution is governed by the size distribution of the used oil in water magnetic emulsion. The thermal sensitivity of the shell is due to the presence of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). The cationic character of the outer layer shell is due to the use of cationic initiator and amino containing monomer.
The isolation and sequence of missense and nonsense mutations in the cloned bacteriophage P22 tailspike protein gene. (1989)

Twenty-seven new mutations in the structural gene for the Salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage P22 tailspike protein have been isolated, mapped using a powerful plasmid-based genetic system and their DNA sequence changes determined. The mutations were generated by hydroxylamine treatment of the cloned gene on a plasmid expression vector. Assaying the activity of the tailspike protein produced from this plasmid and screening for plasmid mutants were accomplished by the in situ complementation of P22 capsids imbedded in soft agar to produce infectious phage. Deletion mutations in the cloned gene have been constructed by a two step procedure involving oligonucleotide linker insertion and in vitro deletion by restriction endonuclease digestion. The deletions, whose physical endpoints were determined by DNA sequencing, define 12 genetic and physical intervals into which the new mutations were mapped by marker rescue experiments. These deletions were transferred to phage P22 by recombination and used to map mutations carried on plasmids. Following mapping, the nucleotide change for each of the mutations was determined by DNA sequencing. The majority were absolute missense mutations although both amber and ochre nonsense mutations were also identified in the protein coding portion of the gene. The suppression pattern of the nonsense mutations was determined on several nonsense suppressors. Four of the mutations cause severely depressed levels of tailspike protein expression from both the cloned gene on the plasmid expression vector and from P22 phage carrying these mutations. These mutations were identified as nucleotide changes in what is probably the P22 late operon transcription terminator which immediately follows the tailspike protein coding sequence.
Cover Picture: Solution‐Processed Organic Tandem Solar Cells (Adv. Funct. Mater. 14/2006) (2006)

Abstract The fabrication of a solution‐processed polymer tandem cell by stacking two single cells in series is reported by de Boer and co‐workers on p. 1897. The bottom and top cell are complementary with respect to their absorption spectra and the layer thickness of the bottom cell was optimized in order to create an optical cavity that efficiently transmits the required wavelength for the top cell. The combination of this tandem architecture with more efficient small‐bandgap materials will enable the realization of highly efficient organic solar cells. A solution‐processed polymer tandem cell fabricated by stacking two single cells in series is demonstrated. The two bulk‐heterojunction subcells have complementary absorption maxima at λ max ∼ 850 nm and λ max ∼ 550 nm, respectively. A composite middle electrode is applied that serves both as a charge‐recombination center and as a protecting layer for the first cell during spin‐coating of the second cell. The subcells are electronically coupled in series, which leads to a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.4 V, equal to the sum of each subcell. The layer thickness of the first (bottom) cell is tuned to maximize the optical absorption of the second (top) cell. The performance of the tandem cell is presently limited by the relatively low photocurrent generation in the small‐bandgap polymer of the top cell. The combination of our tandem architecture with more efficient small‐bandgap materials will enable the realization of highly efficient organic solar cells in the near future.
Cyclocarbopalladation:  5-Exo-dig Cyclization versus Direct Stille Cross-Coupling Reaction. The Influence of the α,β-Propargylic Substitution (2003)

Several bicyclic compounds bearing a 1,2-cyclopentanediol have been prepared from various anti- or syn-gamma-bromopropargylic diols and cis-dioxolanes under palladium(0) catalysis. The reaction proceeds through a 5-exo-dig cyclocarbopalladation. When the corresponding trans-dioxolanes are used, the only products isolated are obtained from a direct Stille cross-coupling reaction. [reaction: see text]
Breaking Down Complexity for Reliable System-Level Timing Validation (2002)

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are clinically heterogeneous manifestations of cancer, but are not caused by the tumor or its metastases. Because autoantibodies reacting with tumor and nervous system tissue have been described, an autoimmune pathogenesis is suspected. Most autoantibodies are directed against neuronal proteins. Here, we describe the impact of antiglial autoantibodies in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. Anti-CRMP5 and antiglial nuclear antibody both can be associated with different paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and tumors.
Lissoclimides, Cytotoxic Diterpenes fromLissoclinum voeltzkowiMichaelsen (1994)

Abstract Chlorolissoclimide, a monochloro diterpene, was identified in Lissoclinum voeltzkowi Michaelsen, a New-Caledonian tunicate. Its structure was determined in relation to that of the previously described dichlorolissoclimide. In vitro cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationships, biosynthetic origin and involvement in human food poisoning are discussed.
Rapid DNA Sequencing of More Than 1000 Bases per Run by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Replaceable Linear Polyacrylamide Solutions (1996)

The read length for DNA sequencing using capillary electrophoresis and replaceable linear polyacrylamide (LPA) solutions has been extended to more than 1000 bases with a run time of 80 min. This result was successfully achieved through the combined use of cycle sequencing with dye-labeled primers, improved matrix and separation conditions, and enhanced base-calling software. The influences of LPA molecular weight and concentration on separation were investigated. Additionally, the separation buffer, column temperature, and electric field were adjusted to increase the number of resolvable DNA fragments per run while maintaining an enhanced separation speed. Using low concentrations [2% (w/v)] of high molecular weight LPA polymers (> 5.5 x 10(6) Da), elevated column temperature (50 degrees C) and moderately high field (150 V/cm), rapid sequencing analysis for more than 1000 bases on a model ssM13mp18 template was obtained with 96.8% accuracy.
ChemInform Abstract: CN‐Assisted Oxidative Cyclization of Cyano Cinnamates and Styrene Derivatives: A Facile Entry to 3‐Substituted Chiral Phthalides. (2012)

Abstract A novel, highly practical, and efficient approach to the title compounds is developed.
Introduction to the Issue on Visual Signal Processing for Wireless Networks (2015)

The articles in this special section focus on the topic of visual signal processing for wireless networks.