gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Specific Pathogen-Free Human: a New Frontier in Oral Infectious Disease Research (1989)

The indigenous flora acts as a deterrent to the establishment of some pathogenic species. We propose that advances in oral health research will lead to control of oral infections by altering the indigenous microflora to create a specific pathogen-free human. Investigations of important endogenous and exogenous factors which affect the oral flora and the interactions among these parameters, in health and disease, will have to be undertaken for this goal to be achieved. Several approaches to produce a specific pathogen-free human include: (1) introduction of individual or collective moieties which inhibit detrimental interactions on a genetic and molecular level; (2) genetic modification of salivary flow and protein composition by use of transgenic techniques; (3) therapeutic replacement with altered bacterial strains; (4) alteration of host immune responses to produce specific isotype immunity at the most appropriate time in the ontogeny of the oral environment; (5) production of isotype and/or antigen-specific regulatory molecules at the most appropriate time in development; (6) use of synthetic vaccines; (7) genetic alteration or replacement of cells with defective protective capabilities; and (8) use of anti-idiotype vaccines.
The economics of quality sponsored data in wireless networks (2015)

The growing demand for data has driven the Service Providers (SPs) to provide differential treatment of traffic to generate additional revenue streams from Content Providers (CPs). While SPs currently only provide best-effort services to their CPs, it is plausible to envision a model in near future, where CPs are willing to sponsor quality of service for their content in exchange of sharing a portion of their profit with SPs. In this paper, we introduce the problem of Quality-Sponsored Data (QSD) in cellular networks and study its implications on market entities in various scenarios. The direct coupling between the scarce wireless resources and the market decisions resulting from QSD is taken into account. In our model, SPs make a portion of their resources available for sponsorship by CPs, and price it appropriately to maximize their payoff, which depends on the monetary revenue and the satisfaction of end-users both for the non-sponsored and sponsored content, while CPs generate revenue through advertisement. We analyze the market dynamics and equilibria, and provide strategies for (i) SPs: to determine if and how to price resources, and (ii) CPs: to determine if and what quality to sponsor. We also discuss about the effects of different parameters of the model on market dynamics.
Evaluation of scintillation properties of organic–inorganic perovskite compounds—(C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 Pb 1− x Ni x Br 4 (2021)

Abstract We synthesized (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 Pb 1− x Ni x Br 4 single crystals with different concentrations of Ni ( x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5) by the poor-solvent diffusion method and evaluated their photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties. In the PL contour maps, exciton luminescence peaks appeared at 410 and 440 nm for all the samples. The obtained PL quantum yields of the x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 samples were 25.1, 31.8, 31.2, and 25.7% within ±2% errors, respectively, In the scintillation spectra, excitonic luminescence peak was observed at 440 nm for all the samples. The scintillation light yields of the x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 samples were estimated to be ∼16 000, ∼17 000, ∼16 000, and ∼15 000 photons MeV −1 within ±10% errors, respectively. When we investigated the correlations between the γ -ray energies and the corresponding photoabsorption peak channels, all the samples had a good linearity over a range of 22–662 keV.
Baroreflex failure increases the risk of pulmonary edema in conscious rats with normal left ventricular function (2015)

In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the complex pathogenesis hinders development of effective therapies. Since HFpEF and arteriosclerosis share common risk factors, it is conceivable that stiffened arterial wall in HFpEF impairs baroreflex function. Previous investigations have indicated that the baroreflex regulates intravascular stressed volume and arterial resistance in addition to cardiac contractility and heart rate. We hypothesized that baroreflex dysfunction impairs regulation of left atrial pressure (LAP) and increases the risk of pulmonary edema in freely moving rats. In 15-wk Sprague-Dawley male rats, we conducted sinoaortic denervation (SAD, n = 6) or sham surgery (Sham, n = 9), and telemetrically monitored ambulatory arterial pressure (AP) and LAP. We compared the mean and SD (lability) of AP and LAP between SAD and Sham under normal-salt diet (NS) or high-salt diet (HS). SAD did not increase mean AP but significantly increased AP lability under both NS (P = 0.001) and HS (P = 0.001). SAD did not change mean LAP but significantly increased LAP lability under both NS (SAD: 2.57 ± 0.43 vs. Sham: 1.73 ± 0.30 mmHg, P = 0.01) and HS (4.13 ± 1.18 vs. 2.45 ± 0.33 mmHg, P = 0.02). SAD markedly increased the frequency of high LAP, and SAD with HS prolonged the duration of LAP > 18 mmHg by nearly 20-fold compared with Sham (SAD + HS: 2,831 ± 2,366 vs. Sham + HS: 148 ± 248 s, P = 0.01). We conclude that baroreflex failure impairs volume tolerance and together with salt loading increases the risk of pulmonary edema even in the absence of left ventricular dysfunction. Baroreflex failure may contribute in part to the pathogenesis of HFpEF.
Crystallization Mechanism of Zeolite UZM-5 (2015)

A reliable formation pathway for UZM-5 zeolite crystals in the presence of tetraethylammonium, tetramethylammonium, and Na+ ions at 150 degrees C has been proposed based on the C-13 MAS NMR and IR spectra of a series of solid products recovered as a function of time during the crystallization process, as well as on the crystal structure of as-made UZM-5 determined using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analyses. The nucleation of this cage-based small-pore zeolite begins with the construction of the largest 26-hedral lta-cages among its four different structural units. The next step is the attachment of 14-hedral wbc-cages to the preorganized lta-cage at shared 6-rings in an appropriate orientation that will allow the growth of two wbc-cage layers linked by 8-hedral rth-cage formation along both a and b axes. The resulting interlayer space is readily converted to a layer of lta-cages by interconnecting two opposing wbc-cages, with the concomitant formation of interlayer d4r-cages and 8-rings. Over the outer surface of the resulting UZM-5 nuclei, which resembles one-half of an lta-cage, the crystal growth may take place in a self-assembled manner as described above.
Improving network service quality with explicit TCP window control (2001)

Abstract We describe in this paper a new TCP rate control scheme based on a simple recursive algorithm. The idea behind the algorithm is to match the offered network load to the available resources by modifying at an intermediate network element, the receiver's advertised window in TCP acknowledgments returning to the source. We show through simulations that the scheme can efficiently control TCP traffic to limit queue buildups and buffer requirements at the network nodes, resulting in significant improvements in delay, packet loss rates, fairness, throughput and link utilization. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Development of Multi-Dof Robot Arm by Wire Drive for Portability (2020)

In recent years, it becomes popular to use robots that clean houses. In the future, it is expected that various robots having arm are used at home. But the robot arms used in factories are large and heavy, so it is difficult to use them at home. In this study, an expansion and contraction mechanism, which has a capability of portability and easiness of put-away, has been proposed and the robot arm has been developed using it. The previous robot arm was manually expanded and contracted. In this paper, we improved the robot arm so that can automatically expand and contract and have a wide movable range.
Silicon micromachined thermal profilers (2002)

This paper presents a class of scanning thermal profilers micromachined from bulk silicon. Each device consists of an Au-polysilicon thermocouple supported by a probe shank overhanging the edge of the device substrate. The probe shank is suspended by flexural beams and can be electrostatically excited into physical motion by lateral comb drives. A polysilicon heater that can be used to provide a thermal bias during the scan lies at its base. Variations of the basic design include suspension of the thermocouple on a dielectric diaphragm, and replacing the thermocouple by a thermopile. A single-sided, IC-compatible 8 mask process has been developed to fabricate these devices. Preliminary data from test scans obtained using a simple set-up indicates that temperature resolution better than 20/spl deg/mC is possible even with basic silicon shank devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Detecting Periodic Subsequences in Cyber Security Data (2017)

Anomaly detection for cyber-security defence hasgarnered much attention in recent years providing an orthogonalapproach to traditional signature-based detection systems.Anomaly detection relies on building probability models ofnormal computer network behaviour and detecting deviationsfrom the model. Most data sets used for cyber-security havea mix of user-driven events and automated network events,which most often appears as polling behaviour. Separating theseautomated events from those caused by human activity is essentialto building good statistical models for anomaly detection. This articlepresents a changepoint detection framework for identifyingautomated network events appearing as periodic subsequences ofevent times. The opening event of each subsequence is interpretedas a human action which then generates an automated, periodicprocess. Difficulties arising from the presence of duplicate andmissing data are addressed. The methodology is demonstrated usingauthentication data from Los Alamos National Laboratory'senterprise computer network.
Proportionate Adaptive Filters Based on Minimizing Diversity Measures for Promoting Sparsity (2019)

In this paper, a novel way of deriving proportionate adaptive filters is proposed based on diversity measure minimization using the iterative reweighting techniques well-known in the sparse signal recovery (SSR) area. The resulting least mean square (LMS)-type and normalized LMS (NLMS)-type sparse adaptive filtering algorithms can incorporate various diversity measures that have proved effective in SSR. Furthermore, by setting the regularization coefficient of the diversity measure term to zero in the resulting algorithms, Sparsity promoting LMS (SLMS) and Sparsity promoting NLMS (SNLMS) are introduced, which exploit but do not strictly enforce the sparsity of the system response if it already exists. Moreover, unlike most existing proportionate algorithms that design the step-size control factors based on heuristics, our SSR-based framework leads to designing the factors in a more systematic way. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the convergence behavior of the derived algorithms for systems with different sparsity levels.
Thermal Stability of the Black Perovskite Phase in Cesium Lead Iodide Nanocrystals Under Humid Conditions (2019)

The equilibrium phase of cesium lead iodide (CsPbI3) at room temperature is yellow and optically inactive due to its indirect band gap. The metastable black phase of CsPbI3 on the other hand exhibits optical properties that are suitable for photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. Here, we examine the stability of the black phase of ligand-stabilized CsPbI3 nanocrystals heated in humid air. Water vapor is known to catalyze the transition of CsPbI3 from the black phase to the yellow phase. Uniform nanocrystals with cube shape were synthesized with capping ligand mixtures of oleylamine and oleic acid or diisooctylphosphinic acid, assembled into superlattices with preferred crystal orientation, and studied using grazing incidence small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering with in situ heating. The black-phase nanocrystals are found to inhabit the γ-orthorhombic phase and do not revert to the equilibrium yellow δ-orthorhombic phase until reaching a relatively high temperature, between 170 and 200 °C, coinciding with superlattice degradation.
The Optimum Comb Method of Pitch Period Analysis of Continuous Digitized Speech (1974)

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Supplementary Figure Legend from A Highly Potent and Specific MET Therapeutic Protein Antagonist with Both Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Activity (2023)

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On performance limits of space-time codes: a sphere-packing bound approach (2003)

A sphere-packing bound (SPB) on average word-error probability (WEP) is derived to determine the performance limits of space-time codes on Rayleigh block-fading channels under delay and maximum energy constraints. Two other explicit bounds, a looser bound and a tight approximate bound, are also derived to provide more intuition on how the system parameters affect the performance limits. Moreover, it is shown that as the block length grows to infinity, the SPB converges to the outage probability, and the asymptotic behavior of performance limits is determined by the outage probability.
Simultaneous inhibition of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and autophagy synergistically kills breast cancer cells (2015)

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among women in the United States. Patients expressing the estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER and PR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2) tumor markers have favorable prognosis and efficacious therapeutic options. In contrast, tumors that are negative for these markers (triple-negative) have a disproportionate share of morbidity and mortality due to lack of a validated molecular target. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are a critical component of ubiquitin-proteasome-system degradation and have been shown to be differentially expressed and activated in a number of cancers, including breast, with their aberrant activity linked to cancer prognosis and clinical outcome. We evaluated the effect of the DUB inhibitors b-AP15 and RA-9 alone and in combination with early- and late-stage lysosomal inhibitors on cell viability in a panel of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Our results indicate small-molecule DUB inhibitors have a profound effect on TNBC viability and lead to activation of autophagy as a cellular mechanism to compensate for ubiquitin-proteasome-system stress. Treatment with sub-optimal doses of DUB and lysosome inhibitors synergistically kills TNBC cells. This supports the evaluation of DUB inhibition, in combination with lysosomal inhibition, as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of TNBC.
DOCK8 is a Cdc42 activator critical for interstitial dendritic cell migration during immune responses (2012)

To migrate efficiently through the interstitium, dendritic cells (DCs) constantly adapt their shape to the given structure of the extracellular matrix and follow the path of least resistance. It is known that this amoeboid migration of DCs requires Cdc42, yet the upstream regulators critical for localization and activation of Cdc42 remain to be determined. Mutations of DOCK8, a member of the atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor family, causes combined immunodeficiency in humans. In the present study, we show that DOCK8 is a Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is critical for interstitial DC migration. By generating the knockout mice, we found that in the absence of DOCK8, DCs failed to accumulate in the lymph node parenchyma for T-cell priming. Although DOCK8-deficient DCs migrated normally on 2-dimensional surfaces, DOCK8 was required for DCs to crawl within 3-dimensional fibrillar networks and to transmigrate through the subcapsular sinus floor. This function of DOCK8 depended on the DHR-2 domain mediating Cdc42 activation. DOCK8 deficiency did not affect global Cdc42 activity. However, Cdc42 activation at the leading edge membrane was impaired in DOCK8-deficient DCs, resulting in a severe defect in amoeboid polarization and migration. Therefore, DOCK8 regulates interstitial DC migration by controlling Cdc42 activity spatially.
Performance modeling and analysis of a priority token-ring network (2002)

The performance of token-ring networks with priority traffic is analyzed under a uniform Poisson traffic model. Approximate expressions are obtained for the mean access and waiting times of each of the priority classes. Our ring model considers the finite time that it takes for the priority information to propagate on the ring. Also, a network adaptor architecture is considered where there exists a single queue for packets of all priority levels that are serviced in FIFO order, but when a packet is scheduled for transmission at a station, it competes only with the same or higher priority packets residing at the head of the queues at the rest of the stations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Demonstration of Tunable Optical Single-Sideband Generation of 20-Gbit/s OOK and PAM4 Data Channels (2019)

A tunable optical single-sideband generation using optical frequency combs and nonlinear wave-mixing is experimentally demonstrated for 20-Gbit/s OOK and PAM4 channels. The system performance is investigated by tuning the number and spacing of comb lines.
High MIP-1β Levels in Plasma Predict Long-Term Immunological Nonresponse to Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infection (2015)

Elevated pre-ART levels of MIP-1β identified LT-INR patients who started ART at CD4 counts <200. INR was characterized by persistently high MIP-1β during suppressive ART. Thus, MIP-1β may be of use for early identification of LT-INR.
Determination of dihedral Ψ angles in large proteins by combining NHN/CαHα dipole/dipole cross‐correlation and chemical shifts (2006)

We propose a strategy based on the combination of experimental NH(N)/C(alpha)H(alpha) dipole/dipole cross-correlated relaxation rates and chemical shift analysis for the determination of Psi torsion angles in proteins. The method allows the determination of a dihedral angle that is not easily accessible by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The measurement of dihedral angle restraints can be used for structure calculation, which is known to improve the quality of NMR structures. The method is of particular interest in the case of large proteins, for which spectral assignment of the nuclear Overhauser effect spectra, and therefore straightforward structural determination, is out of reach. One advantage of the method is that it is reasonably simple to implement, and could be used in association with other methods aiming at obtaining structural information on complex systems, such as residual dipolar coupling measurements. An illustrative example is analyzed in the case of the 30-kDa protein 6-phosphogluconolactonase.
Rapamycin As an Antiaging Therapeutic?: Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin to Treat Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria and Neurodegenerative Diseases (2011)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase and component of the mTORC1 signaling complex, acts as an energy, nutrient, growth factor, stress, and redox sensor to increase protein synthesis and decrease macroautophagy. mTORC1 plays a central role in the maintenance of homeostasis and its deterioration, seen in aging. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immunosuppressive macrolide rapamycin binds immunophilin FKBP12 (FK506-binding protein) to inhibit mTORC1. Unlike most other interventions tested to date, inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin extends life span in old mice, likely by a combination of increased autophagy and decreased mRNA translation. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a lethal genetic disorder affecting children that is characterized by symptoms of premature aging, such as atherosclerosis. Increased autophagy induced by rapamycin reduces accumulation of progerin, an alternate spliced form of lamin A/C, that forms insoluble toxic aggregates, resulting in reduced HGPS-associated nuclear blebbing, growth inhibition, epigenetic dysregulation, and genomic instability. Rapamycin-induced autophagy also suppresses symptoms in mouse models of Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases, where toxic insoluble protein aggregates accumulate. On the basis of these results, modulation of mTORC1 function is a promising target for the development of therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases and HGPS. Rapamycin is the obvious candidate for near-term evaluation in the treatment of these diseases. However, the substantial set of rapamycin-associated adverse effects, as well as the lack of aging-specific human data, should caution the routine use of rapamycin as an antiaging agent. The use of safer, but perhaps weaker, indirect mTORC1 inhibitors, such as metformin and resveratrol, may prove useful. Further study will ascertain whether such compounds extend human health or life span.
Digital Design Using VHDL: A Systems Approach (2016)

This introductory textbook provides students with a system-level perspective and the tools they need to understand, analyze and design digital systems. Going beyond the design of simple combinational and sequential modules, it shows how such modules are used to build complete systems, reflecting real-world digital design. All the essential topics are covered, including design and analysis of combinational and sequential modules, as well as system timing and synchronization. It also teaches how to write VHDL-2008 HDL in a productive and maintainable style that enables CAD tools to do much of the tedious work. A complete introduction to digital design is given through clear explanations, extensive examples and online VHDL files. The teaching package is completed with lecture slides, labs and a solutions manual for instructors. Assuming no previous digital knowledge, this textbook is ideal for undergraduate digital design courses that will prepare students for modern digital practice.
Cytophilic Antibodies Against Key Plasmodium falciparum Blood Stage Antigens Contribute to Protection Against Clinical Malaria in a High Transmission Region of Eastern India (2018)

These data suggest that NAI may, at least in part, be explained by opsonic phagocytosis of merozoites and IgG3 responses against whole merozoites, and in particular to a combination of 4 antigens is critical in this population. These results may have implications in the development of a subunit malaria vaccine. Opsonic phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites was associated with protection against clinical malaria in an India population. Antibody profiling identified four merozoite antigens (Pf12, MSP3.7, MSP3.3, and MSP2) as targets of protective Immunoglobuline G3 antibodies.
Retinal photograph-based deep learning algorithms for myopia and a blockchain platform to facilitate artificial intelligence medical research: a retrospective multicohort study (2021)

None.