gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Amino-seco-DSA:  An Amino Analogue of the DNA Alkylating Agent Duocarmycin SA (1999)

This paper describes the synthesis of methyl 5-amino-1-(chloromethyl)-3-[(5,6,7-trimethoxyindol-2-yl)carbonyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-e]indole-7-carboxylate 8, an amino analogue of the anticancer antibiotic and potent DNA minor groove alkylating agent seco-duocarmycin SA. Key points in the synthesis are sequential radical cyclization and Hemetsberger reaction steps to construct the indoline and indole rings of the target compound from a 1,2,3-trisubstituted benzene precursor. An intermediate has been resolved by chiral chromatography to provide the separate enantiomers of 8. Racemic 8 alkylates DNA at adenine in AT rich sequences, similar to seco-duocarmycin SA and the previously reported amino-seco-CBI 7, but is 15−60 times less potent than 7 in an in vitro cytotoxicity test. Derivatives of 8 in which the amino group is replaced by an electron-withdrawing nitro or nitrobenzylcarbamate substituent are considerably less toxic and may have application as prodrugs to be activated selectively in a tumor environment.
Enhanced-accuracy augmented state-space approach to steady-state modeling of resonant converters (2015)

This paper presents a highly accurate method to model resonant converters based on an enhanced augmented state-space technique. The proposed approach includes an optimized numerical algorithm that predicts the steady-state converter waveforms with accuracy and computational efficiency. Modeling accuracy is further enhanced through the inclusion of rectifier non-idealities. This approach is particularly well-suited to resonant converters with high-order resonant networks, especially those with multiple inverters and/or rectifiers, which cannot be easily analyzed using existing approaches. The effectiveness of the modeling approach is validated using the recently proposed impedance control network (ICN) converter, which comprises a high-order resonant network and multiple phase-shifted inverters. Excellent agreement is shown to exist between the modeled and experimental waveforms.
Mechanisms of Lactoferrin‐induced Leukocyte‐Endothelial Cell Adhesion in Postcapillary Venules (1994)

These results indicate that lactoferrin-induced LECA results from histamine-mediated expression of P-selectin on venular endothelial cells. The cationic nature of lactoferrin accounts for only a small part of its proadhesive actions.
Heterolytische Outer‐Sphere‐Spaltung von H2 zur Reduktion von N2 in der Koordinationssphäre von Übergangsmetallen – eine DFT‐Studie (2012)

Durch Frustration gespalten wird ein H2-Molekül, wenn es sich in den Raum zwischen den Komponenten des frustrierten Lewis-Paares 1 einschiebt, das aus einem dikationischen Ruthenium-Pinzettenkomplex als Lewis-Säure und (tBu)3P als Lewis-Base besteht. Das end-on koordinierte N2-Molekül in 1 nimmt das Hydrid auf, und dies ist der erste Schritt einer Reaktionssequenz, die im Prinzip zur vollständigen Reduktion von N2 zu NH3 führen könnte.
3D Integrated Circuits: Liquid Cooling and Power Delivery (2009)

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) integration of ICs provides unique opportunities to improve bandwidth, latency, and power dissipation bottlenecks of interconnects (both on- and off-chip). However, while 3D IC integration improves signal interconnection, it also presents new challenges, especially in power delivery and cooling (thermal interconnects). The focus of this paper is on some of the key challenges and promising technologies to address power delivery, cooling, and signaling in a 3D stack of logic ICs.
Progress toward ultra-stable lasers for use in space (1992)

This is a summary of a research project that has come to be known as SUNLITE, initially standing for Stanford University - NASA laser in space technology experiment. It involves scientists from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), Stanford University, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA), and a growing number of other institutions. The long range objective of the SUNLITE effort is to examine the fundamental linewidth and frequency stability limits of an actively stabilized laser oscillator in the microgravity and vibration-free environment of space. The ground-based SUNLITE activities supporting that objective will develop a space-qualified, self-contained and completely automated terahertz oscillator stabilized to a linewidth of less than 3 Hz, along with a measurement system capable of determining laser linewidth to one part in 10(exp 16). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the critical technologies needed to place stabilized lasers in space and to describe the progress made by the SUNLITE project to develop these technologies.
Pharmacokinetics of ADS-5102 (amantadine) Extended Release Capsules Administered Once-Daily at Bedtime for the Treatment of Dyskinesia (P2.043) (2018)

The pharmacokinetics (PK) of ADS-5102, designed for once-daily dosing at bedtime (QHS) and high morning and sustained daytime plasma concentrations without exacerbation of AEs, were assessed in 2 randomized, open-label, phase 1 studies in healthy subjects and a phase 2/3 dose-finding study.
Speaker recognition using dynamic synapse based neural networks with wavelet preprocessing (2002)

Two problems in the field of speaker recognition are noise robustness and low inter-speaker variability. This project involved the design of a system that is capable of speaker verification on a closed set of speakers using a wavelet processing technique that allows for a speaker-dependent feature set extraction. Verification is accomplished using a dynamic synapse based neural network with noise resistance properties that is trained using a genetic algorithm technique. Using these techniques, the system was able to perform speaker verification without being adversely affected by normal levels of noise, and perform verification despite low variability between speakers.
Description Of Fixed-Pattern Noise In CCD's Using The Spatial Power Spectrum (1986)

Characterization of fixed-pattern noise is an important aspect in evaluating the performance of a staring array. The usual method of quantifying the effect of this artifact on the image is to state the variance of the pixel levels. However, this implicitly assumes that the fixed-pattern noise is spatially &quot;white&quot;, that is, it has an equal effect at all spatial frequencies of interest. Usually, fixed-pattern noise has a nonrandom spatial distribution, which violates the assumption of white noise. A more complete characterization is provided by the spatial power spectrum of the fixed-pattern noise. This descriptor quantifies the effect of fixed-pattern noise on image data, both in terms of its frequency content, as well as its magnitude. Consideration of the noise spectrum is seen to yield additional insight into the nature of the fixed-pattern noise present on the array.
Computational model of drug dissolution in the stomach: effects of posture and gastroparesis on drug bioavailability (2022)

The oral route is the most common choice for drug administration because of convenience, low cost, and high patient compliance, but is also a complex route. The rate of dissolution and gastric emptying of the dissolved active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) into the duodenum is modulated by factors such as gastric motility, but current in-vitro procedures for assessing drug dissolution are limited in their ability to recapitulate this process. This is particularly relevant for disease conditions, such as gastroparesis, that alter the anatomy and/or physiology of the stomach. In this study we employ a biomimetic in-silico simulator based on the realistic anatomy and morphology of the stomach, to investigate the effect of body posture and stomach motility on drug bioavailability. The simulations show that changes in posture can have a significant (up to 83%) effect on the emptying rate of the API into the duodenum. Similarly, reduction in antral contractility associated with gastroparesis can also significantly reduce the dissolution of the pill as well as emptying of the API into the duodenum. The simulations show that for an equivalent motility index, reduction in gastric emptying due to neuropathic gastroparesis is larger by a factor of about five compared to myopathic gastroparesis.
A short recirculating fiber loop testbed with accurate reproduction of Maxwellian PMD statistics (2002)

A short recirculating fiber loop (/spl sim/100 km) that can emulate polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) with Maxwellian statistics is realized by loop-synchronous polarization scrambling inside the loop. The performance of our distribution-correct PMD loop is. compared both experimentally and numerically to that of a distribution-incorrect PMD loop.
Detection of Coronary Artery Stenosis With Power Doppler Imaging (2001)

As with B-mode harmonics, a model of microbubble destruction/replenishment can be applied to power Doppler data as a means to detect a broad range of stenoses. Image clarity and the lack of attenuation or requirement for background subtraction are additional advantages of this imaging approach. Power Doppler MCE imaging holds promise for the detection of coronary artery disease.
Helical coordination polymers and cyclic dimers formed from heteroleptic thioether-dipyrrinato copper(ii) complexes (2004)

Heteroleptic copper complexes containing an acetylacetonato ligand and a thioether derivatized dipyrrinato ligand are shown to form oligomers and polymers in the solid state.
Modélisation de paramètres radioélectriques effectifs : application aux couches minces magnéto-diélectriques (2009)

National audience
Divergent Selection for Incidence of Degenerative Myopathy of the Musculus supracoracoideus of Meat-Type Chickens (1986)

The response to three generations of selection for incidence of degenerative myopathy of the Musculus supracoracoideus (DMS) in meat-type chickens was studied. From each of two genetic bases named E and F, which were derived from two commercial broiler stocks, a high incidence, low incidence, and a nonselected control strain were initiated. Selection of breeders to produce Generations 1 and 2 was based on the incidence of DMS in their parents after induced wing exercise; mass selection for plasma creatine kinase levels after induced wing exercise was used to produce Generation 3. Little genetic progress in selection occurred in Generations 1 and 2. There was a response in Generation 3, especially in Base E selected for low incidence. Heritability of incidence of DMS was estimated to be .48. Body weights at 8 weeks of age, 18 weeks of age, and breast angle at 18 weeks of age of Generation 3 were greater (P less than .05) for affected than nonaffected birds and positively correlated phenotypically with incidence of DMS. Genetic correlations were extremely variable. The higher incidence of DMS in birds with desirable traits suggests that the breeder must use a multitrait selection program to reduce incidence of DMS as well as improve production traits.
Highly Sensitive Sputtered ZnO:Ga Thin Films Integrated by a Simple Stencil Mask Process on Microsensor Platforms for Sub-ppm Acetaldehyde Detection (2017)

The integration of a 50-nm-thick layer of an innovative sensitive material on microsensors has been developed based on silicon micro-hotplates. In this study, integration of ZnO:Ga via radio-frequency (RF) sputtering has been successfully combined with a low cost and reliable stencil mask technique to obtain repeatable sensing layers on top of interdigitated electrodes. The variation of the resistance of this n-type Ga-doped ZnO has been measured under sub-ppm traces (500 ppb) of acetaldehyde (C₂H₄O). Thanks to the microheater designed into a thin membrane, the generation of very rapid temperature variations (from room temperature to 550 °C in 25 ms) is possible, and a rapid cycled pulsed-temperature operating mode can be applied to the sensor. This approach reveals a strong improvement of sensing performances with a huge sensitivity between 10 and 1000, depending on the working pulsed-temperature level.
A compressive sensing approach for glioma margin delineation using mass spectrometry (2011)

Surgery, and specifically, tumor resection, is the primary treatment for most patients suffering from brain tumors. Medical imaging techniques, and in particular, magnetic resonance imaging are currently used in diagnosis as well as image-guided surgery procedures. However, studies show that computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging fail to accurately identify the full extent of malignant brain tumors and their microscopic infiltration. Mass spectrometry is a well-known analytical technique used to identify molecules in a given sample based on their mass. In a recent study, it is proposed to use mass spectrometry as an intraoperative tool for discriminating tumor and non-tumor tissue. Integration of mass spectrometry with the resection module allows for tumor resection and immediate molecular analysis. In this paper, we propose a framework for tumor margin delineation using compressive sensing. Specifically, we show that the spatial distribution of tumor cell concentration can be efficiently reconstructed and updated using mass spectrometry information from the resected tissue. In addition, our proposed framework is model-free, and hence, requires no prior information of spatial distribution of the tumor cell concentration.
642: High Nuclear Grade is Associated with Increased Growth Kinetics During Active Surveillance of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 18, Monday, May 21, 2007, 8:00 - 10:00 am1 Apr 2007642: High Nuclear Grade is Associated with Increased Growth Kinetics During Active Surveillance of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma PaulL Crispen, John Dougherty, Richard E. Greenberg, David Y.T. Chen, and Robert G. Uzzo PaulL CrispenPaulL Crispen More articles by this author , John DoughertyJohn Dougherty More articles by this author , Richard E. GreenbergRichard E. Greenberg More articles by this author , David Y.T. ChenDavid Y.T. Chen More articles by this author , and Robert G. UzzoRobert G. Uzzo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)30882-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "642: High Nuclear Grade is Associated with Increased Growth Kinetics During Active Surveillance of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), pp. 215–216 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 215-216 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information PaulL Crispen More articles by this author John Dougherty More articles by this author Richard E. Greenberg More articles by this author David Y.T. Chen More articles by this author Robert G. Uzzo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 179: Atheroprone Hemodynamics and Oxidized Phospholipids Enhance Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Inflammatory Signaling (2012)

Atherosclerosis is a focal inflammatory disease marked by activation of NFkB within regions where low and oscillating shear stresses (Atheroprone) “prime” the endothelium for an inflammatory response. Interestingly, oxPAPC, a major component of oxLDL, has not been shown to act through the canonical NFkB pathway, and although oxLDL is capable of increasing the expression of NFkB-dependent genes it often requires higher concentrations of oxLDL (&gt;100ug/ml). Further, these studies were all performed within static monocultures, where the endothelium was not a “primed” physiologic phenotype. Therefore, we wanted to test whether the addition of oxLDL within Atheroprone hemodynamics (where NFkB signaling was already activated) would further enhance inflammatory signals downstream of NFkB in an endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) co-culture. After preconditioning cells with Atheroprone shear stress, NFkB activity and gene expression is significantly increased compared to cells exposed to shear stress patterns from regions protected from atherosclerosis. Adding oxLDL to this system further enhances inflammatory gene expression in a dose-dependent fashion above Atheroprone conditions treated with native LDL (nLDL). Performing gene arrays we found that oxLDL regulated over 350 genes in ECs compared to cells treated with nLDL. These gene panels were enriched with shear stress-regulated, pro- (VCAM, E-Selectin) and anti-(KLF2, eNOS) inflammatory genes. Though not directly exposed to either Atheroprone shear stress or LDL, over 50 genes were regulated by these conditions in the underlying SMCs in our co-culture system, including inflammatory genes. Lastly, we measured changes in protein secretion due to the addition of oxLDL compared to nLDL. Many NFkB-dependent, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were increased, including IL8, MCP-1, and IL6. Investigating the role of oxLDL within the context of physiologic shear stress was found to enhance the Atheroprone-regulated gene profile towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. These conditions mimic vessel wall inflammation found in human arteries and provide an ideal environment for testing drugs intended for treating advanced atherosclerosis.
Perspectives on the etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (2010)

The sinonasal epithelium provides a mechanical and innate immune barrier to a diverse array of environmental agents. This barrier also plays a key role in regulating the acquired mucosal immune response in the nose. Recent studies suggest that defects in this barrier may foster development of chronic sinonasal inflammation in response to environmental agents, and pathogenic or commensal organisms. The ability to dissect and analyze defects in the inflammatory response in rhinosinusitis may help identify novel targets for drug development.
Model-Driven Development of FlexRay-Based Systems with the Timing Definition Language (TDL) (2007)

This paper argues that a logical specification of the timing behavior, which represents the core abstraction of the Timing Definition Language (TDL), is the key to significantly reduce the development, maintenance and integration costs of FlexRay-based systems. We measured a productivity gain by a factor of 20 and more with TDL compared to state-of-the-art FlexRay development methods and tools (see Section 1). We illustrate how TDL allows the platform-independent modeling of the timing and functional behavior, and how we accomplish the automatic platform mapping. An outlook sketches future research activities.
Determining the genome-wide kinship coefficient seems unhelpful in distinguishing consanguineous couples with a high versus low risk for adverse reproductive outcome (2015)

In this case-control setting, in which we compared consanguineous couples corrected for degree of pedigree relatedness, a higher degree of genomic relatedness was not significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having an affected child. Further translational research should focus on which parts of the genome and which pathogenic mutations couples are sharing. Looking at relatedness coefficients by determining genome-wide SNPs does not seem to be an effective measure for prospective risk assessment in consanguineous parents.
RAFT Polymerization of S-Vinyl Sulfide Derivatives and Synthesis of Block Copolymers Having Two Distinct Optoelectronic Functionalities (2013)

Well-defined sulfur-containing polymers and block copolymers were synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of S-vinyl sulfide derivatives, in which the thioether moiety is directly connected to the vinyl group. We initially investigated RAFT polymerization of four different S-vinyl sulfide derivatives, phenyl vinyl sulfide (PVS), 4-chlorophenyl vinyl sulfide (CPVS), 2,4-dichlorophenyl vinyl sulfide (DCPVS), and 4-bromophenyl vinyl sulfide (BPVS). Three xanthate-type chain transfer agents (CTAs), a dithiocarbamate-type CTA, and a dithioester-type CTA were compared for these RAFT polymerizations. Reasonable control of the polymerization of PVS was confirmed by an observed linear increase in the molecular weight with the conversion, feasibility to control molecular weight based on the ratio of monomer consumed to the amount of CTA used, chain end structure determined by 1H NMR, and chain extension experiment. The RAFT polymerization of the bromo-substituted monomer (BPVS) also proceeded in the controlled fashion under the same conditions. Incorporation of optoelectronic groups, including anthracene, fluorene, diphenylamine, and phenothiazine on the bromophenyl pendant group of poly(BPVS) were accomplished by palladium-catalyzed postmodifications. We also investigated characteristic optoelectronic properties of modified polymers and block copolymers with two distinct electronic functionalities.
Design and characterization of a passive recycle micromixer (2004)

A new design was devised for a recycle micromixer, i.e., a passive micromixer with side channels for a recycle flow. The geometry, required to perform a recycle flow and effective mixing, was determined by a simulation based on computational fluid dynamics. A recycle flow of the mixed flow of each unit was introduced to the inlet flow, and a circular flow was generated in the body of the mixer. For complete mixing, five units of the micromixer were connected in series. The simulations were performed at Reynolds numbers of 7, 14 and 28 and channel depths of 100, 150 and 200 µm. Mixing efficiency and direction of recycle flow were significantly affected by both Re and channel depth. When channel depth was 150 µm, mixing efficiency of the micromixer increased from 89.3 to 95.6, 98.4 and 98.6% with the increase of Re from 7 to 14, 28 and 42, respectively. The increasing channel depth also increased mixing efficiency. The micromixer was fabricated by a conventional photolithography technique using polydimethylsiloxane. Color dispersion in blue ink was compared with simulated flow patterns. The characterization of mixing in the recycle micromixer was verified by using an aqueous NaOH solution and phenolphthalein solution, composed of the same volume of ethanol and water. For both cases, fully mixed profiles were achieved along five micromixers, connected in a series at a flow rate of 0.1 ml min−1 for each flow and a short residence time of 0.11 s.
Sub-diffusive scattering parameter maps recovered using wide-field high-frequency structured light imaging (2014)

This study investigates the hypothesis that structured light reflectance imaging with high spatial frequency patterns [Formula: see text] can be used to quantitatively map the anisotropic scattering phase function distribution [Formula: see text] in turbid media. Monte Carlo simulations were used in part to establish a semi-empirical model of demodulated reflectance ([Formula: see text]) in terms of dimensionless scattering [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], a metric of the first two moments of the [Formula: see text] distribution. Experiments completed in tissue-simulating phantoms showed that simultaneous analysis of [Formula: see text] spectra sampled at multiple [Formula: see text] in the frequency range [0.05-0.5] [Formula: see text] allowed accurate estimation of both [Formula: see text] in the relevant tissue range [0.4-1.8] [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] in the range [1.4-1.75]. Pilot measurements of a healthy volunteer exhibited [Formula: see text]-based contrast between scar tissue and surrounding normal skin, which was not as apparent in wide field diffuse imaging. These results represent the first wide-field maps to quantify sub-diffuse scattering parameters, which are sensitive to sub-microscopic tissue structures and composition, and therefore, offer potential for fast diagnostic imaging of ultrastructure on a size scale that is relevant to surgical applications.