gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A classification system for laparoscopic hysterectomy (1993)

The term "laparoscopic hysterectomy" has been applied to a variety of procedures, ranging from lysis of adhesions laparoscopically followed by vaginal hysterectomy, to removal of the entire uterus under endoscopic direction. These procedures vary in a number of ways, including cost, morbidity, operating time, and surgical skill required. To facilitate training, credentialing, and outcome evaluation, we present the following classification system: type I--division of one or both pedicles containing the ovarian arteries, type II--dissection including one or both uterine arteries, type III--type II plus separation of part of at least one cardinal-uterosacral ligament complex, and type IV--type II plus separation of the entire cardinal-uterosacral ligament complex on at least one side. Each of the types may be subclassified according to the degree of dissection of structures located anterior and posterior to the cervix. Supracervical hysterectomy has a separate system of classification. Operations are categorized by management of the ovarian and uterine arteries and subdivided according to treatment of the cervical canal.
Object Oriented Hybrid Network Simulation (1994)

As the complexity and diversity of networks have grown, simulation has proved an important tool in their design, analysis, testing and performance estimation of networks. Hybrid networks involve a variety of network elements - both mobile (e.g., satellites, mobile radio) and fixed nodes (e.g., switches, hubs, network gateways) linked via varied broadcast, multicast and point-to-point communication channels. Because of their complex nature, design and evaluation of hybrid networks is a particularly complicated task. Major requirements of a hybrid network simulation tool are (i) Flexibility and Adaptability - to accommodate all kinds of hybrid networks and protocols, (ii) Advanced Network Visualization Techniques - to clearly visualize complex communication network systems, (iii) Data Management - to organize and analyze the vast quantities of data generated in a typical simulation run, and (iv) Distributed Implementation - to fully utilize available computing resources to speed up simulation. This paper describes the design and functional description of an Object-Oriented Hybrid Network Simulation tool. Its object oriented design and implementation (in C++) allows flexibility through incorporation of new, user specified network elements, protocols and functional blocks. Advanced visualization techniques are combined with the graphical user interface to allow better visualization of complex network structures. A sophisticated geographical database is also incorporated to aid terrestrial mobile, and satellite network systems. To handle and effectively analyze the vast quantities of data generated, an object-oriented database is incorporated into the simulation. In addition to network simulation, the tool is also designed to serve other needs. An interface is provided to allow the user to run real network applications over the simulated network, allowing network application designers to judge the performance of their applications over various network configurations. Incorporation of a database allows computation of network performance dynamically. A network management tool receiving network performance data both from the actual and the simulated network may use the simulation data to make a long term prediction of the actual network behavior to perform long-term network management.
Detection of functional interferon alpha receptors in human neuroendocrine tumor cell lines using a new monoclonal antibody. (1992)

While first described as antiviral agents, interferons (IFNs) exhibit significant antiproliferative and antitumor effects as well. IFN alpha has been successfully used in clinical trials to treat several malignancies, including leukemias and certain solid tumors. While many cell types have been studied for IFN alpha receptor expression, very little is known about receptor expression on human neuroendocrine cells. Using a novel anti-IFN alpha receptor monoclonal antibody, we examined IFN alpha receptor expression in 10 human cell lines derived from tumors of neuroendocrine origin, including neuroblastoma, neuroepithelioma and small cell lung carcinoma. All cell lines studied displayed a similar pattern of IFN alpha receptor expression and 5 of 8 cell lines demonstrated reduced thymidine incorporation following IFN alpha treatment. Addition of exogenous IFN alpha caused a decrease in IFN alpha receptor expression, while differentiating agents, such as phorbol esters and retinoic acid, induced an increase in receptor number without altering receptor affinity.
Increase in Circulating Levels of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 with Aging (1999)

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of chemokines with chemoattractant activity for monocytes, T cells, mast cells, and basophils. Precursor mRNA or protein was detected at high levels in the lesions of several diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and some types of tumors. The regulation of MCP-1 production and the role of this chemokine in pathophysiologic states, however, remain largely unknown. In this study, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we measured the circulating MCP-1 levels in 405 healthy Japanese subjects of various ages, eliciting a profound age-dependent MCP-1 increase. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that significant predictors of MCP-1 value for males were age (p = 0.033) and serum triglyceride (p = 0.039). For females, age was also a significant predictor (p = 0.00002). One possible explanation is that the plasma MCP-1 concentration might reflect the existence of atherosclerosis, although the plasma MCP-1 concentration from patients with coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular accidents appears not to differ from age-matched, disease-free controls. This is the first report linking an increase in a particular chemokine level with aging.
Preliminary performance assessment of biotoxin detection for UWS applications using a MicroChemLab device. (2010)

In a multiyear research agreement with Tenix Investments Pty. Ltd., Sandia has been developing field deployable technologies for detection of biotoxins in water supply systems. The unattended water sensor or UWS employs microfluidic chip based gel electrophoresis for monitoring biological analytes in a small integrated sensor platform. This instrument collects, prepares, and analyzes water samples in an automated manner. Sample analysis is done using the {mu}ChemLab{trademark} analysis module. This report uses analysis results of two datasets collected using the UWS to estimate performance of the device. The first dataset is made up of samples containing ricin at varying concentrations and is used for assessing instrument response and detection probability. The second dataset is comprised of analyses of water samples collected at a water utility which are used to assess the false positive probability. The analyses of the two sets are used to estimate the Receiver Operating Characteristic or ROC curves for the device at one set of operational and detection algorithm parameters. For these parameters and based on a statistical estimate, the ricin probability of detection is about 0.9 at a concentration of 5 nM for a false positive probability of 1 x 10{sup -6}.
How to Use a Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis (2008)

Valid systematic reviews of high quality studies can increase the confidence with which urologists and patients make evidence-based decisions. Thus, urologists need to recognize the inherent limitations, understand the results and apply them judiciously to patient care.
Effects of Epeleuton, a Novel Synthetic Second‐Generation n‐3 Fatty Acid, on Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Triglycerides, Glycemic Control, and Cardiometabolic and Inflammatory Markers (2020)

Background Epeleuton is 15-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, a second-generation synthetic n-3 fatty acid derivative of eicosapentaenoic acid. The primary objective was to assess the effect of epeleuton on markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with post hoc analyses of cardiometabolic markers. Methods and Results In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 96 adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and body mass index 25 to 40 were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive epeleuton 2 g/day, epeleuton 1 g/day, or placebo for 16 weeks. A total of 27% of patients had diabetes mellitus. Primary end points of changes in alanine aminotransferase and liver stiffness did not improve at week 16. Secondary and post hoc analyses investigated changes in cardiometabolic markers. Epeleuton 2 g/day significantly decreased triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol without increasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Despite a low mean baseline hemoglobin A1C (HbA<sub>1C</sub>; 6.3±1.3%), epeleuton 2 g/day significantly decreased HbA<sub>1c</sub> (-0.4%; <i>P</i>=0.026). Among patients with baseline HbA<sub>1c</sub> >6.5%, epeleuton 2 g/day decreased HbA<sub>1c</sub> by 1.1% (<i>P</i>=0.047; n=26). Consistent dose-dependent reductions were observed for fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance indices. Epeleuton 2 g/day decreased circulating markers of cardiovascular risk and endothelial dysfunction. Epeleuton was well tolerated, with a safety profile not different from placebo. Conclusions While epeleuton did not meet its primary end points on alanine aminotransferase or liver stiffness, it significantly decreased triglycerides, HbA<sub>1C</sub>, plasma glucose, and inflammatory markers. These data suggest epeleuton may have potential for cardiovascular risk reduction and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by simultaneously targeting hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, and systemic inflammation. Further trials are planned. Registration URL: https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02941549.
Dietary antioxidants and primary prevention of age related macular degeneration: systematic review and meta-analysis (2007)

There is insufficient evidence to support the role of dietary antioxidants, including the use of dietary antioxidant supplements, for the primary prevention of early AMD.
Generalized Faddeev-Popov Method for a Deformed Supersymmetric\n Yang-Mills Theory (2015)

In this paper, we will study the deformation of a three dimensional\n$\\mathcal{N} = 2$ supersymmetry gauge theory. We will deform this theory by\nimposing non-anticommutativity. This will break the supersymmetry of the theory\nfrom $\\mathcal{N} = 2$ supersymmetry to $\\mathcal{N} = 1$ supersymmetry. We\nwill address the problem that occurs in the Landau gauge due to the existence\nof multiple solutions to the gauge fixing condition. This will be done by\ngeneralizing the Faddeev-Popov method. This formalism is motivated from the\nNicolai map in topological field theories. Finally, we will study the extended\nBRST symmetry that occurs in this theory.\n
The potassium channel Kcne3 is a VEGFA-inducible gene selectively expressed by vascular endothelial tip cells (2019)

Angiogenesis is largely driven by motile endothelial tip-cells capable of invading avascular tissue domains and enabling new vessel formation. Highly responsive to Vascular Endothelial Growth-Factor-A (VEGFA), endothelial tip-cells also suppress angiogenic sprouting in adjacent stalk cells, and thus have been a primary therapeutic focus in addressing neovascular pathologies. Surprisingly, however, there remains a paucity of specific endothelial tip-cell markers. Here, we employ transcriptional profiling and a lacZ reporter allele to identify Kcne3 as an early and selective endothelial tip-cell marker in multiple angiogenic contexts. In development, Kcne3 expression initiates during early phases of angiogenesis (E9) and remains specific to endothelial tip-cells, often adjacent to regions expressing VEGFA. Consistently, Kcne3 activation is highly responsive to exogenous VEGFA but maintains tip-cell specificity throughout normal retinal angiogenesis. We also demonstrate endothelial tip-cell selectivity of Kcne3 in several injury and tumor models. Together, our data show that Kcne3 is a unique marker of sprouting angiogenic tip-cells and offers new opportunities for investigating and targeting this cell type.
Vacuum-ultraviolet holographic gratings etched by a single F 2 laser pulse (1994)

Fabrication of surface-relief submicron gratings on semiconductor, quartz, and polymer materials is of interest in numerous applications such as distributed feedback lasers, wavelength division de-multi-plexers, holographic optical elements, surface acoustic wave directional-couplers, and physical and chemical sensors. Excimer lasers offer several advantages in patterning such gratings, their high fluence making possible single-step processing for high through-put and their short wavelength offering submicron line spacing.
Time-Frequency Analysis and Parameterisation of Knee Sounds for Non-Invasive Detection of Osteoarthritis (2020)

Contrary to other studies that focus on sit-to-stand movements and knee flexion/extension, this study used knee sounds obtained during walking. The analysis of such signals leads to non-invasive detection of knee osteoarthritis with high accuracy and could potentially extend the range of available tools for the assessment of the disease as a more practical and cost effective method without requiring clinical setups.
A GPS integrity channel based fault detection and exclusion algorithm using maximum solution separation (2002)

The paper presents a new GPS integrity channel (GIC) based fault detection and exclusion (GFDE) algorithm. The algorithm employs the maximum solution separation technique augmented by data broadcast over the GIC to ensure GPS integrity. Furthermore, GFDE improves on current snapshot RAIM techniques by reducing the effect of the accuracy and availability trade-off, thereby increasing system availability. After a brief description of the algorithm., the expected performance of GFDE is analyzed. Simulation results are presented which show availability that approaches the 0.99999 level required for sole means navigation for the enroute, terminal, and non-precision approach phases of flight over the conterminous United States ((CONUS).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Regulation of Tissue Responses: The TWEAK/Fn14 Pathway and Other TNF/TNFR Superfamily Members That Activate Non-Canonical NFκB Signaling (2015)

EDITORIAL article Front. Immunol., 02 March 2015Sec. Inflammation Volume 6 - 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00092
Surface barrier height lowering at above 540 K in AlInN/AlN/GaN heterostructures (2011)

Hall mobility (μH) and two dimensional electron gas density (ns) have been measured from 77 up to 973 K in AlInN/AlN/GaN heterostructures, where the atmospheric condition is changed as measured in vacuum and air. The μH decreases monotonically with increasing the temperature. The characteristic feature is observed in ns that it is almost constant up to around 540 K and shows sudden increase at higher temperatures when measured in the vacuum, while it is almost constant measured in the air. The surface barrier lowering originated from the decomposition of the surface oxide layer on AlInN is proposed as the most probable mechanism for the increase in ns.
Bioengineering functional human aortic vascular smooth‐muscle strips in vitro (2008)

The contraction and relaxation of VSM (vascular smooth muscle) are responsible for the maintenance of vascular tone, which is a major determinant of blood pressure. However, the molecular events leading to the contraction and relaxation of VSM are poorly understood. The development of three-dimensional bioengineered tissues provides an opportunity to investigate the molecular events controlling vascular tone in vitro. In the present study we used fibrin-gel casting to bioengineer functional VSM strips from primary human aortic VSM cells. Our bioengineered VSM strips are functionally similar to VSM in vivo and remained viable in culture for up to 5 weeks. VSM strips demonstrate spontaneous basal tone and can generate an active force (contraction) of up to 85.2 microN on stimulation with phenylephrine. Bioengineered VSM strips exhibited Ca(2+)-dependent contraction and calcium-independent relaxation. The development of functional bioengineered VSM tissue provides a new in vitro model system that can be used to investigate the molecular events controlling vascular tone.
The Self-Managing Future Internet powered by the current IPv6 and extensions to IPv6 towards “IPv6++” — A viable roadmap Scenario for the Internet Evolution Path (2010)

In this paper, we report on some perspectives we give on how to create a viable Evolution Path towards Self-Managing Future Internet via a “standardizable" and commonly-shared architectural Reference Model for Autonomic Network Engineering and Self-Management. We present a Scenario on how the Self-Managing Future Internet can be developed via a viable Evolution Path that starts with today's network models, architectures, protocols such as IPv6 (in particular) and paradigms. The scenario then goes on to define the incremental changes and concepts necessitated and guided by a unified, holistic, commonly-shared, architectural Reference Model for Autonomic Network Engineering and Self-Management that needs to be developed and standardized first, as a starting point to creating the Evolution Path towards the Self-Managing Future Internet. This evolution of today's network models, architectures, networking paradigms and protocols such as IPv6 (towards IPv6++) must be guided and necessitated by the architectural Reference Model. The Scenario is a “what-if” type of Scenario that presents solid and realistic steps that define an evolutionary roadmap to achieving a very advanced feature-rich Self-Managing Future Internet by 2015, which can continue to evolve beyond that time frame. The ongoing activities of the EC funded FP7-EFIPSANS Project (http://www.efipsans.org/) are geared towards this goal.
Strength Factors: An Uncertainty System for a Quantified Modal Logic (2017)

We present a new system S for handling uncertainty in a quantified modal logic (first-order modal logic). The system is based on both probability theory and proof theory. The system is derived from Chisholm's epistemology. We concretize Chisholm's system by grounding his undefined and primitive (i.e. foundational) concept of reasonablenes in probability and proof theory. S can be useful in systems that have to interact with humans and provide justifications for their uncertainty. As a demonstration of the system, we apply the system to provide a solution to the lottery paradox. Another advantage of the system is that it can be used to provide uncertainty values for counterfactual statements. Counterfactuals are statements that an agent knows for sure are false. Among other cases, counterfactuals are useful when systems have to explain their actions to users. Uncertainties for counterfactuals fall out naturally from our system. Efficient reasoning in just simple first-order logic is a hard problem. Resolution-based first-order reasoning systems have made significant progress over the last several decades in building systems that have solved non-trivial tasks (even unsolved conjectures in mathematics). We present a sketch of a novel algorithm for reasoning that extends first-order resolution. Finally, while there have been many systems of uncertainty for propositional logics, first-order logics and propositional modal logics, there has been very little work in building systems of uncertainty for first-order modal logics. The work described below is in progress; and once finished will address this lack.
Random search for shared chromosomal regions in four affected individuals: the assignment of a new hereditary ataxia locus. (1995)

Infantile-onset spinocerebellar ataxia (IOSCA) is an autosomal recessively inherited progressive neurological disorder of unknown etiology. This ataxia, identified so far only in the genetically isolated Finnish population, does not share gene locus with any of the previously identified hereditary ataxias, and a random mapping approach was adopted to assign the IOSCA locus. Based on the assumption of one founder mutation, a primary screening of the genome was performed using samples from just four affected individuals in two consanguineous pedigrees. The identification of a shared chromosomal region in these four patients provided the first evidence that the IOSCA gene locus is on chromosome 10q23.3-q24.1, which was confirmed by conventional linkage analysis in the complete family material. Strong linkage disequilibrium observed between IOSCA and the linked markers was utilized to define accurately the critical chromosomal region. The results showed the power of linkage disequilibrium in the locus assignment of diseases with very limited family materials.
Mal de Río Cuarto virus infection causes hormone imbalance and sugar accumulation in wheat leaves (2019)

Our results indicate that MRCV causes a profound hormonal imbalance that, together with alterations in sugar partitioning, could account for the symptoms observed in MRCV-infected plants.
Rethinking Security in the Era of Cloud Computing (2017)

Cloud computing has emerged as a dominant computing platform for the foreseeable future, resulting in an ongoing disruption to the way we build and deploy software. This disruption offers a rare opportunity to integrate new approaches to computer security. The aggregating effect of cloud computing and the role of cloud providers as trust anchors can significantly benefit computing security.
Mosaiced and high line frequency VPH gratings for astronomy (2004)

To increase the size of the volume phase holographic gratings the Centre Spatial de Liege can produce, mosaic technic has been tested and characterized. This method consists of assembling VPH gratings recorded and processed independently into one larger grating. By this way, the final grating size becomes virtually unlimited and dispersive elements can accommodate the largest telescope beams. The second research line about VPH gratings was the high line frequency domain: &nu; &gt; 3000 lp/mm. Actually, for these frequencies, diffraction according to TE and TM modes is maximum for different wavelengths. However, it is possible to tune the index modulation to three times what is usually required to use the first diffraction TE peak. In this case, the second TE maximum matches the first TM maximum and unpolarized light is so entirely diffracted. This article also summarizes our prospects in the field of very high index modulation gratings where &Delta;<i>n</i> as high as 0.14 has been reached; cryogenic temperature operation for which we have demonstrated our VPH gratings stand -180&deg;C without any Blaze modification; and wavefront correction by post-polishing to minimize diffracted beam aberrations. With this latter technique, &lambda;/6 wavefront over 10 cm diameter has been obtained in the first trial.
Data Sharing and Utilization Technologies for Safe and Secure Value-creation Processes (2021)

To achieve Society 5.0, a vision of a future society that achieves both economic development and resolution of social issues, it is essential to use data across organizations and industries, but this is not as widespread as it should be.This article outlines the risks associated with data utilization and their causes and introduces a new paradigm of data sharing and the platform and key technologies to achieve it.
Genetic Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Cucurbits (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Classic Genetic Maps Molecular Genetic Maps Gene Tagging QTL Mapping Molecular Breeding Gene Cloning Cucurbit Genomics Future Prospects Literature Cited