gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Laser Mass Spectrometer (REMPI-TOFMS) for Continuous Monitoring of Toxic Combustion Byproducts: Real-time On-line Analysis of PAH in Waste Incineration Flue Gases (1998)

Abstract The combination of laser induced Resonance-Enhanced Multi-Photon Ionization and Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (REMPI-TOFMS) represents a highly selective and sensitive analytical technique ideal for real-time determination of organic trace components. For example, aromatic hydrocarbons can be continuously monitored in industrial off gases. We introduce a new mobile REMPI-TOFMS instrument, which is robust and easy to operate, even under industrial conditions. Instead of an on-line sampling system also a gas chromatograph can be coupled for ultratrace analytical work. The instrument can be equipped with different inlet techniques (effusive inlet, free and skimmed supersonic jet), different TOF mass spectrometric options (linear mode and reflectron mode for higher mass resolution) or different laser systems (robust fixed wavelength lasers or tunable lasers for more sophisticated applications). This flexibility allows the instrument to be readily adapted to a given analytical problem. New time-resolved data of aromatic pollutants in the flue gas from a waste incineration plant is presented. Large fluctuations in the concentrations of combustion by-products were recorded. The presented results show, that a real-time on-line monitoring of hazardous trace chemicals in
Primary optics for LEDs: state of the art of optical architectures (2010)

Good primary optics for LEDs are crucial for applications that work technically and economically. But what is "good"? For various optical design patterns, we look at the complex interplay between optics, manufacturing, tolerancing, lifetime and cost.
Deciphering the Hieroglyphics of Functional Proteomics Using Small Molecule Probes (2008)

Fluorescence-based total protein detection is generally acknowledged to provide superior capabilities relative to the classical staining methods. Simple measurement of differences in protein expression, however, does not directly measure changes in protein activity and often fails to detect key posttranslational modifications. A number of fluorescence-based strategies tailored to the analysis of protein posttranslational modifications, functional domains, and enzymatic activities have been introduced recently. The new fluorescent staining methods have spurred the rapid development of sophisticated imaging devices that provide the highest possible detection capabilities. A limitation of the newly devised functional proteomics stains is that the abundances of the target proteins are often quite low, and as a consequence, protein prefractionation has increasingly become an integral part of proteomics analysis. It is expected that fluorescence-based approaches, originally devised for gels, will ultimately be adapted to liquid chromatographymass spectrometry, protein microarrays, and cell-based assays. Additionally, the powerful capabilities of differential protein expression profiling will be engineered into future probes, allowing for multiplexed analysis of posttranslational modifications and enzyme activities. Integrating protein prefractionation and small molecule probe-based detection with multiwavelength imaging significantly expands the power of gel electrophoresis for the large-scale elucidation of the functional properties of proteins.
Duplex ultrasonography in patients suspected of postoperative pulmonary embolism following total joint arthroplasty. (2003)

Duplex ultrasonography of the deep venous system of the lower extremities is often utilized in the diagnostic evaluation of total hip and knee arthroplasty patients suspected of pulmonary embolism in an attempt to identify the embolic source. A retrospective review of 135 patients who were clinically suspected of pulmonary embolism after 71 total knee arthroplasties and 64 total hip arthroplasties was performed. Of the 35 patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism, 2 (5.7%) had deep venous thrombosis identified by duplex ultrasonography. The routine use of this imaging modality is not an effective strategy for identifying clinically significant deep venous thrombosis that leads to pulmonary embolism. A negative duplex ultrasound result should not preclude an extensive evaluation for pulmonary thrombosis in symptomatic patients.
Novel Nontoxic 5,9-Disubstituted SN38 Derivatives: Characterization of Their Pharmacological Properties and Interactions with DNA Oligomers (2021)

Novel nontoxic derivatives of SN38 with favorable antineoplastic properties were characterized in water solution using NMR. The phenomena observed by NMR were linked to basic pharmacological properties, such as solubility, bioavailability, chemical and stereochemical stability, and binding to natural DNA oligomers through the terminal G-C base pair, which is commonly considered a biological target of Topo I inhibitors. Compound <b>1</b>, with bulky substituents at both C5(<i>R</i>) and C20(<i>S</i>) on the same side of a camptothecin core, manifests self-association, whereas diastereomers <b>2</b>, with bulky C5(<i>S</i>) and C20(<i>S</i>) substituents are mostly monomeric in solution. The stereogenic center at C5 is stable in water solution at pH 5-6. The compound with an (N-azetidinyl)methyl substituent at C9 can undergo the retro Mannich reaction after a prolonged time in water solution. Both diastereomers exhibit different abilities in terms of binding to DNA oligomers: compound <b>1</b> is strongly bound, whereas the binding of compound <b>2</b> is rather weak. Molecular modeling produced results consistent with NMR experiments. These complementary data allow linking of the observed phenomena in NMR experiments to basic preliminary information on the pharmacodynamic character of compounds and are essential for planning further development research.
Ranibizumab Therapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2010)

A 66-year-old man presents with a 2-week history of blurred and distorted vision in his right eye. A retinal specialist diagnoses neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and recommends treatment with ranibizumab.
Single-dose mRNA therapy via biomaterial-mediated sequestration of overexpressed proteins (2020)

Nonviral mRNA delivery is an attractive therapeutic gene delivery strategy, as it achieves efficient protein overexpression in vivo and has a desirable safety profile. However, mRNA's short cytoplasmic half-life limits its utility to therapeutic applications amenable to repeated dosing or short-term overexpression. Here, we describe a biomaterial that enables a durable in vivo response to a single mRNA dose via an "overexpress and sequester" mechanism, whereby mRNA-transfected cells locally overexpress a growth factor that is then sequestered within the biomaterial to sustain the biologic response over time. In a murine diabetic wound model, this strategy demonstrated improved wound healing compared to delivery of a single mRNA dose alone or recombinant protein. In addition, codelivery of anti-inflammatory proteins using this biomaterial eliminated the need for mRNA chemical modification for in vivo therapeutic efficacy. The results support an approach that may be broadly applicable for single-dose delivery of mRNA without chemical modification.
Visual quality of high‐contrast projection screens. Part I: Visibility of screen‐based artifacts and noise (2007)

Abstract— The investigation of visual‐quality issues for high‐contrast projection screens such as those used for avionics projection displays and other applications requiring a high level of ambient light rejection will be described. Visibility of artifacts and noise generated by the optical and structural properties of a variety of high‐contrast projection screens was characterized by both empirical, subjective image quality evaluations and a suite of objective screen‐quality metrics. At least two of these metrics were found to provide very good correlation with the subjective assessment. These metrics are applicable to any display system where spatial‐noise artifacts are an issue, such as with direct‐view AMLCDs with anti‐glare treatments.
Abstract 5393: Regression of a human T-cell leukemia lacking the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene without toxicity of 6-thioguanine (6TG) by pretreatment with methylthioadenosine (MTA) (2010)

Abstract The MTAP gene, at chromosomal locus 9p21, is frequently co-deleted with p16, especially in T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemias, mesotheliomas, gliomas, lung and pancreatic carcinomas, and sarcomas. In normal cells, MTAP cleaves MTA to adenine and 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate, which are converted to adenine nucleotides and methionine. We previously showed that mice are protected from 6TG toxicity by preadministration of MTA, generating adenine and blocking conversion of 6TG to its nucleotide. (Lubin M, Lubin A. 2009: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. Abstract LB-29; Selective Killing of Tumors Deficient in Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase: A Novel Strategy: PLoS One, ePub May 29, 2009). We now demonstrate that MTA completely protects mice bearing MTAP-negative CEM-CCRF human T-cell leukemia from 6TG toxicity while the tumor remains responsive. Following two small pilot studies, 24 NOD-SCID mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 million CEM cells; when tumor size reached 500 cubic mm, mice were randomized to 4 groups of 6 animals. All mice treated with vehicle or MTA alone were sacrificed on day 14 because of tumor size; MTA showed no toxicity. Animals treated with 6TG (75 mg/kg), on days 1, 4, 7, had marked tumor regression but died of toxicity by day 12. However, animals treated with MTA (100 mg/kg) followed one hour later by 6TG (75 mg/kg) had complete tumor regression by day 14, and no weight loss; but tumor recurred in all animals by day 24. While further optimization of dose and schedule is needed, these studies clearly show that marked tumor regression can be obtained without toxicity in tumors lacking MTAP, by competitively inhibiting 6TG conversion to nucleotides. As MTA has been given safely to humans, we are planning clinical trials using this strategy in patients with tumors lacking MTAP. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5393.
An illusory transfer of temporal gaps between crossing tones (1996)

When a long ascending tone with a temporal gap in the middle and a short continuous descending tone cross each other, a long continuous ascending tone and a short descending tone are often perceived with a temporal gap in the middle. This is an illusory phenomenon because the physical temporal gap of the ascending tone seems to be transferred to the descending tone perceptually. This phenomenon was named ‘‘the gap transfer illusion.’’ Many related stimulus patterns were compared which confirmed the robustness of this illusion. An onset and a proximate termination tended to be connected to each other perceptually, forming an auditory event. The proximity of the temporal dimension seemed more important than the proximity of the frequency dimension. When onsets had no proximate termination, the illusion disappeared. Several new phenomena to which the same idea can be applied were found.
Presentation: Backlight for view-sequential autostereo 3D (2010)

This presentation (pptx) discusses: * View sequential 3D * Design of wedge backlight * Results
Rectal organoid morphology analysis (ROMA) as a promising diagnostic tool in cystic fibrosis (2021)

Diagnosing cystic fibrosis (CF) when sweat chloride is not in the CF range and less than 2 disease-causing <i>CFTR</i> mutations are found requires physiological CFTR assays, which are not always feasible or available. We developed a new physiological CFTR assay based on the morphological differences between rectal organoids from subjects with and without CF. In organoids from 167 subjects with and 22 without CF, two parameters derived from a semi-automated image analysis protocol (rectal organoid morphology analysis, ROMA) fully discriminated CF subjects with two disease-causing mutations from non-CF subjects (p<0.001). ROMA, feasible at all ages, can be centralised to improve standardisation.
The Role of the Zinc Motif in Sequence Recognition by DNA Primases (1996)

The DNA primase of bacteriophage T7 has a zinc-binding motif that is essential for the recognition of the sequence 3'-CTG-5'. The T7 primase also catalyzes helicase activity, a reaction coupled to nucleotide hydrolysis. We have replaced the zinc motif of the T7 primase with those found in the gene 61 primase of phage T4 and the DnaG primase of Escherichia coli. The T4 and E. coli primases recognize the sequences 3'-T(C/T)G-5' and 3'-GTC-5', respectively. Both chimeric proteins can partially replace T7 primase in vivo. The two chimeric primases catalyze the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides albeit at a reduced rate and DNA dependent dTTPase activity is reduced by 3-10-fold. Both chimeric proteins recognize 3'-(A/G)CG-5' sites on single-stranded DNA, sites that differ from those recognized by the T7, T4, or E. coli primases, indicating that the zinc motif is only one determinant in site-specific recognition.
STALP: Style Transfer with Auxiliary Limited Pairing (2021)

Abstract We present an approach to example‐based stylization of images that uses a single pair of a source image and its stylized counterpart. We demonstrate how to train an image translation network that can perform real‐time semantically meaningful style transfer to a set of target images with similar content as the source image. A key added value of our approach is that it considers also consistency of target images during training. Although those have no stylized counterparts, we constrain the translation to keep the statistics of neural responses compatible with those extracted from the stylized source. In contrast to concurrent techniques that use a similar input, our approach better preserves important visual characteristics of the source style and can deliver temporally stable results without the need to explicitly handle temporal consistency. We demonstrate its practical utility on various applications including video stylization, style transfer to panoramas, faces, and 3D models.
Error rates in computer-generated holographic memories (1975)

A procedure for predicting the error rates of a computer-generated holographic memory with general transform domain quantization error is developed. The kinoform, ROACH, detour phase binary hologram, and generalized detour phase binary hologram are compared on the basis of error rates and encoding efficiency. Error rates predicted by the analysis are compared with those obtained by computer simulation.
Table S3 from MicroRNA Array Analysis Finds Elevated Serum miR-1290 Accurately Distinguishes Patients with Low-Stage Pancreatic Cancer from Healthy and Disease Controls (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S3 - XLSX file 152K, Supplemental Table S3. MicroRNAs elevated in serum of pancreatic cancer patients relative to patients with chronic pancreatitis by microarray analysis&lt;/p&gt;
ARES: Accurate, Autonomous, Near Real-time 3D Reconstruction using Drones. (2021)

Drones will revolutionize 3D modeling. A 3D model represents an accurate reconstruction of an object or structure. This paper explores the design and implementation of ARES, which provides near real-time, accurate reconstruction of 3D models using a drone-mounted LiDAR; such a capability can be useful to document construction or check aircraft integrity between flights. Accurate reconstruction requires high drone positioning accuracy, and, because GPS can be in accurate, ARES uses SLAM. However, in doing so it must deal with several competing constraints: drone battery and compute resources, SLAM error accumulation, and LiDAR resolution. ARES uses careful trajectory design to find a sweet spot in this constraint space, a fast reconnaissance flight to narrow the search area for structures, and offloads expensive computations to the cloud by streaming compressed LiDAR data over LTE. ARES reconstructs large structures to within 10s of cms and incurs less than 100 ms compute latency.
Initial assessment of architectures and hardware resources for a RadioWeaves infrastructure (2022)

This deliverable provides an initial assessment of the RadioWeaves infrastructure, developed in WP2 of REINDEER.<br> Taking the description of RadioWeaves in D1.1 and the use cases and KPIs defined therein, as a starting point, a first version of the building blocks of the infrastructure are presented, together with new terminology. Architecture and topology are introduced together with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of high-level requirements on a RadioWeaves infrastructure, setting the scope for more detailed investigations and<br> design.
Relationships Between Characteristic Path Length, Efficiency, Clustering Coefficients, and Graph Density (2017)

The graph theoretic properties of the clustering coefficient, characteristic (or average) path length, global and local efficiency, provide valuable information regarding the structure of a graph. These four properties have applications to biological and social networks and have dominated much of the the literature in these fields. While much work has done in applied settings, there has yet to be a mathematical comparison of these metrics from a theoretical standpoint. Motivated by networks appearing in neuroscience, we show in this paper that these properties can be linked together using a single property - graph density.
Data from Caspase-8 Promotes Cell Motility and Calpain Activity under Nonapoptotic Conditions (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Significant caspase-8 activity has been found in normal and certain tumor cells, suggesting that caspase-8 possesses an alternative, nonapoptotic function that may contribute to tumor progression. In this article, we report that caspase-8 promotes cell motility. In particular, caspase-8 is required for the optimal activation of calpains, Rac, and lamellipodial assembly. This represents a novel nonapoptotic function of caspase-8 acting at the intersection of the caspase-8 and calpain proteolytic pathways to coordinate cell death versus cell motility signaling. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(8): 4273-8)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Extracting selectivity from the transient responses of a single coated gas sensor to analyte mixtures using multivariate analysis-based signal processing (2022)

In this work, selectivity to aromatic hydrocarbons is extracted from the transient responses of a single coated gas sensor to mixtures using multivariate analysis-based signal processing. The sensor device is coated with a polymer-plasticizer blend thin film, selected for its good affinity and partial selectivity to the targeted hydrocarbons. Single analytes are first characterized with respect to their sensitivities and response time constants. These parameters are then used as inputs to an exponentially weighted-recursive least squares estimation (EW-RLSE) algorithm to identify and quantify the various analytes in gas mixture samples. It is found that, accurate extraction of the various concentrations of individual analytes in a mixture from the transient sensor response require a minimum sampling rate; the lower the sampling time (up to a critical value), the finer the data, and the higher the estimated concentration accuracy. The influence of sampling rate on the accuracy of analyte quantification is presented for time steps of 1, 2, and 3 seconds. Using this approach, identification and estimated concentration values of single analytes were obtained from mixtures with errors within ±3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</sup> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\pm 4.5{\%}$</tex> for BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) analytes. This work shows that for some specific applications, accurate detection and estimation of analyte concentrations can be achieved without the use of multiple coatings/sensor arrays or complex procedures involving synthesizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or fabricating components of micro-gas chromatography (µGC) systems.
Causal network inference using biochemical kinetics (2014)

Network models are widely used as structural summaries of biochemical systems. Statistical estimation of networks is usually based on linear or discrete models. However, the dynamics of these systems are generally nonlinear, suggesting that suitable nonlinear formulations may offer gains with respect to network inference and associated prediction problems. We present a general framework for both network inference and dynamical prediction that is rooted in nonlinear biochemical kinetics. This is done by considering a dynamical system based on a chemical reaction graph and associated kinetics parameters. Inference regarding both parameters and the reaction graph itself is carried out within a fully Bayesian framework. Prediction of dynamical behavior is achieved by averaging over both parameters and reaction graphs, allowing prediction even when the underlying reactions themselves are unknown or uncertain. Results, based on (i) data simulated from a mechanistic model of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and (ii) phosphoproteomic data from cancer cell lines, demonstrate that nonlinear formulations can yield gains in network inference and permit dynamical prediction in the challenging setting where the reaction graph is unknown.
A hole modulator for InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (2015)

The low p-type doping efficiency of the p-GaN layer has severely limited the performance of InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to the ineffective hole injection into the InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) active region. The essence of improving the hole injection efficiency is to increase the hole concentration in the p-GaN layer. Therefore, in this work, we have proposed a hole modulator and studied it both theoretically and experimentally. In the hole modulator, the holes in a remote p-type doped layer are depleted by the built-in electric field and stored in the p-GaN layer. By this means, the overall hole concentration in the p-GaN layer can be enhanced. Furthermore, the hole modulator is adopted in the InGaN/GaN LEDs, which reduces the effective valance band barrier height for the p-type electron blocking layer from ∼332 meV to ∼294 meV at 80 A/cm2 and demonstrates an improved optical performance, thanks to the increased hole concentration in the p-GaN layer and thus the improved hole injection into the MQWs.