gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summary Abstract: A study of gallium arsenide and aluminum gallium arsenide reactive ion etching parameters (1987)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. Scherer, E. Beebe, H. G. Craighead; Summary Abstract: A study of gallium arsenide and aluminum gallium arsenide reactive ion etching parameters. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1 July 1987; 5 (4): 1604–1605. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.574572 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Active regulation of receptor ratios controls integration of quorum‐sensing signals in Vibrio harveyi (2011)

Quorum sensing is a chemical signaling mechanism used by bacteria to communicate and orchestrate group behaviors. Multiple feedback loops exist in the quorum-sensing circuit of the model bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Using fluorescence microscopy of individual cells, we assayed the activity of the quorum-sensing circuit, with a focus on defining the functions of the feedback loops. We quantitatively investigated the signaling input-output relation both in cells with all feedback loops present as well as in mutants with specific feedback loops disrupted. We found that one of the feedback loops regulates receptor ratios to control the integration of multiple signals. Together, the feedback loops affect the input-output dynamic range of signal transmission and the noise in the output. We conclude that V. harveyi employs multiple feedback loops to simultaneously control quorum-sensing signal integration and to ensure signal transmission fidelity.
Femtosecond Near-field Spin Spectroscopy in Digital Magnetic Heterostructures (1995)

The nature of electronic spin-scattering is central to a wide class of condensed matter systems, ranging from semiconductor quantum wells, magnetic multilayers and granular materials, high-Tc superconductors, Kondo insulators, and magnetic semiconductor quantum structures. The latter class of systems is particularly appealing because one can tailor both the electronic and magnetic properties using MBE techniques. Time-resolved spectroscopies allow one to probe both the electronic and magnetic dynamics within ultrafast timescales, but spatial information is typically diffraction-limited to the wavelength of light. Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) [1] overcomes this limit, and when combined with femtosecond time resolution and polarization analysis, provides direct information regarding carrier and spin dynamics in both space and time.
Lung Surfactant Dilatational Rheology and Potential Effects on Lung Stability (2022)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a diffuse, inflammatory lung disease characterized by increased vascular permeability, decreased lung compliance, and loss of aerated tissue affecting 200,000 in.the US annually with 40% mortality. COVID-19 infections have significantly increased these numbers over the past two years with a mortality rate of nearly 70%. The mechanisms through which ARDS arises and how host factors confer an increased risk of developing severe disease remain unclear. It is known that inflammation due to underlying disease is linked to ARDS progression and severity. Phospholipase A2 catalyzed degradation of pathogen phospholipids to soluble lysolipids and free fatty acids can lead to a mechanical lung instability known as the ‘Laplace Instability’ by replacing healthy lung surfactant at the air-water interface. The intra-alveolar pressure is increased by ΔP = 2γ/R; ΔP is higher in alveoli with smaller radii, R, than larger alveoli if γ, the surface tension, is constant. This would cause smaller alveoli to deflate and fill with fluid, while the larger alveolar become distended, both symptoms of ARDS. To prevent this, the surface tension must decrease with decreasing alveolar radius such that 2E* (ω) − γ &amp;gt; 0 in which E* (ω) = A(ω) (∂γ/∂A) is the dilatational modulus. For healthy lung surfactant 2E* (ω) − γ &amp;gt; 0 and the lung is stable. However, during inflammation, lysolipid concentrations increase by orders of magnitude in the alveolar fluids. We show that lysopalmitoylphosphatidylcholine concentrations above its critical micelle concentration (CMC) cause E&amp;gt; (ω) of lung surfactant monolayers to decrease dramatically leading to 2E* (ω)−γ ≤ 0 at breathing frequencies, which can lead to the Laplace Instability and compromise uniform lung inflation. Theoretical models show E* decreases due to diffusive exchange of lysolipids between the monolayer and the micelles in the adjacent fluid. Surfactant adsorption to a clean interface as well as surfactant dilatational properties can be correlated with equilibrium surface concentration vs bulk concentration data using fundamental thermodynamic models of Lysolipid properties.
HELICAL STRUCTURES PRODUCED IN SOME BINARY MIXTURES BETWEEN TWIN AND MONOMERIC LIQUID CRYSTALS (2003)

Binary mixtures between a chiral twin possessing two identical chiral moieties and the analogous parent monomeric liquid crystal were prepared, and liquid-crystalline properties investigated. TGB phase was found to be induced in some mixtures between (R, R)-twin and (R)-monomer. A mixture between (S, S)-twin and (R)-monomer showed an induced nematic phase due to the pitch compensation, however, also showed an induced TGB phase. XRD measurements showed that the intra-layer molecular distance increases by mixing the twin and monomeric compounds, which may produce a weaker layered structure, consequently, the TGB structure was stabilized.
Mathematical model for time-resolved and frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy in biological tissues (2006)

Full-text article not available.
Discrete 2‐Tensor Fields on Triangulations (2014)

Abstract Geometry processing has made ample use of discrete representations of tangent vector fields and antisymmetric tensors (i.e., forms) on triangulations. Symmetric 2‐tensors, while crucial in the definition of inner products and elliptic operators, have received only limited attention. They are often discretized by first defining a coordinate system per vertex, edge or face, then storing their components in this frame field. In this paper, we introduce a representation of arbitrary 2‐tensor fields on triangle meshes. We leverage a coordinate‐free decomposition of continuous 2‐tensors in the plane to construct a finite‐dimensional encoding of tensor fields through scalar values on oriented simplices of a manifold triangulation. We also provide closed‐form expressions of pairing, inner product, and trace for this discrete representation of tensor fields, and formulate a discrete covariant derivative and a discrete Lie bracket. Our approach extends discrete/finite‐element exterior calculus, recovers familiar operators such as the weighted Laplacian operator, and defines discrete notions of divergence‐free, curl‐free, and traceless tensors–thus offering a numerical framework for discrete tensor calculus on triangulations. We finally demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of our operators on analytical examples, before applying them to the computation of anisotropic geodesic distances on discrete surfaces.
West Nile virus methyltransferase domain interacts with protein kinase G (2013)

PKG is not required for WNV replication, but does make a stable interaction with NS5. While the consequence of the NS5:PKG interaction when it occurs is unclear, mutational data demonstrates that this interaction occurs in a region of NS5 that is otherwise necessary for replication. Overall, the results identify an interaction between virus and a cellular kinase and suggest a role for a host kinase in enhancing flaviviral replication.
Nanostructure of Edge Dislocations in a Smectic-C*Liquid Crystal (2015)

We report on the first direct nanoscale imaging of elementary edge dislocations in a thermotropic smectic-C* liquid crystal with the Burgers vector equal to one smectic layer spacing d. We find two different types of dislocation profiles. In the dislocation of type A, the layers deformations lack mirror symmetry with respect to the plane perpendicular to the Burgers vector; the dislocation core size is on the order of d. In the dislocation of type S, the core is strongly anisotropic, extending along the Burgers vector over distances much larger (by a factor of 4) than d. The difference is attributed to a different orientation of the molecular tilt plane with respect to the dislocation's axis; the asymmetric layers distortions are observed when the molecular tilt plane is perpendicular to the axis and the split S core is observed when the molecules are tilted along the line.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. PARAMAGNETISCHER ZINNHETEROCYCLEN (1970)

Abstract Das aus dem entsprechenden Phenol durch Oxidation an Luft in Äthanol gebildete Radikal (I) reagiert mit den Sn‐chloriden (II) zu den stabilen Radikalen (III).
Automatic discovery of attribute words from Web documents (2005)

Abstract. We propose a method of acquiring attribute words for a wide range of objects from Japanese Web documents. The method is a simple unsupervised method that utilizes the statistics of words, lexico-syntactic patterns, and HTML tags. To evaluate the attribute words, we also es-tablish criteria and a procedure based on question-answerability about the candidate word. 1
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent‐shunt in myeloid metaplasia (1995)

SCOPUS: le.j
DeepMPCVS: Deep Model Predictive Control for Visual Servoing (2021)

The simplicity of the visual servoing approach makes it an attractive option for tasks dealing with vision-based control of robots in many real-world applications. However, attaining precise alignment for unseen environments pose a challenge to existing visual servoing approaches. While classical approaches assume a perfect world, the recent data-driven approaches face issues when generalizing to novel environments. In this paper, we aim to combine the best of both worlds. We present a deep model predictive visual servoing framework that can achieve precise alignment with optimal trajectories and can generalize to novel environments. Our framework consists of a deep network for optical flow predictions, which are used along with a predictive model to forecast future optical flow. For generating an optimal set of velocities we present a control network that can be trained on the fly without any supervision. Through extensive simulations on photo-realistic indoor settings of the popular Habitat framework, we show significant performance gain due to the proposed formulation vis-a-vis recent state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, we show a faster convergence and an improved performance in trajectory length over recent approaches.
Supplement for "Contextual Time Series Change Detection" (2013)

Time series data are common in a variety of fields ranging from economics to medicine and manufacturing. As a result, time series analysis and modeling has become an active research area in statistics and data mining. In this paper, we focus on a type of change we call contextual time series change (CTC) and propose a novel two-stage algorithm to address it. In contrast to traditional change detection methods, which consider each time series separately, CTC is defined as a change relative to the behavior of a group of related time series. As a result, our proposed method is able to identify novel types of changes not found by other algorithms. We demonstrate the unique capabilities of our approach with several case studies on real-world datasets from the financial and Earth science domains. 1
A Step-Superposition-Based Analysis Approach to Modeling Resonant Converters (2017)

This paper introduces a new analysis approach to modeling resonant converters that can be used to determine closed-form expressions for the exact resonant network waveforms. This approach, based on superposition of step responses to inverter and rectifier imposed steps, can easily be applied to resonant converters with high-order resonant networks, multiple inverters, and/or rectifiers. The usefulness of the proposed analysis approach is demonstrated first by applying it to a series-resonant converter, wherein it is used to determine accurate closed-form expressions for its tank current in different operating modes. These expressions are utilized to draw insights that help identify the converter's operating mode, and determine associated expressions for its output voltage and the switching frequency required to achieve a desired output power. The proposed approach is also applied to the multi-inverter multi-element impedance control network (ICN) resonant converter, wherein it is used to derive closed-form expressions for the converter's currents. These expressions are utilized to evaluate the behavior and optimize the design of an ICN resonant converter. A prototype 200-W 500-kHz ICN resonant converter optimized using the proposed approach is used to validate the modeling results. It is shown that there is an excellent agreement between the experimental and modeled waveforms during steady-state operation as well as during startup transients.
Persistent Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Causes Insulin Resistance Due to Accelerated Insulin-Induced Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Degradation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes* (2000)

Recently, we have reported that the overexpression of a membrane-targeted phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (p110CAAX) stimulated p70S6 kinase, Akt, glucose transport, and Ras activation in the absence of insulin but inhibited insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase activation and MAP kinase phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To investigate the mechanism of p110CAAX-induced cellular insulin resistance, we have now studied the effect of p110CAAX on insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 protein. Overexpression of p110CAAX alone decreased IRS-1 protein levels to 63+/-10% of control values. Insulin treatment led to an IRS-1 gel mobility shift (most likely caused by serine/threonine phosphorylation), with subsequent IRS-1 degradation. Moreover, insulin-induced IRS-1 degradation was enhanced by expression of p110CAAX (61+/-16% vs. 13+/-15% at 20 min, and 80+/-8% vs. 41+/-12% at 60 min, after insulin stimulation with or without p110CAAX expression, respectively). In accordance with the decreased IRS-1 protein, the insulin-stimulated association between IRS-1 and the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase was also decreased in the p110CAAX-expressing cells, and IRS-1-associated PI 3-kinase activity was decreased despite the fact that total PI 3-kinase activity was increased. Five hours of wortmannin pretreatment inhibited both serine/threonine phosphorylation and degradation of IRS-1 protein. These results indicate that insulin treatment leads to serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1, with subsequent IRS-1 degradation, through a PI 3-kinase-sensitive mechanism. Consistent with this, activated PI 3-kinase phosphorylates IRS-1 on serine/threonine residues, leading to IRS- 1 degradation. The similar finding was observed in IRS-2 as well as IRS-1. These results may also explain the cellular insulin-resistant state induced by chronic p110CAAX expression.
Teprasiran, a Small Interfering RNA, for the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study (2021)

The incidence, severity, and duration of early AKI in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery were significantly reduced after teprasiran administration. A phase 3 study with a major adverse kidney event at day 90 primary outcome that has recently completed enrollment was designed on the basis of these findings (NCT03510897). Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02610283.
Combinatorial Optimization on Gate Model Quantum Computers: A Survey (2017)

The advent of quantum computing processors with possibility to scale beyond experimental capacities magnifies the importance of studying their applications. Combinatorial optimization problems can be one of the promising applications of these new devices. These problems are recurrent in industrial applications and they are in general difficult for classical computing hardware. In this work, we provide a survey of the approaches to solving different types of combinatorial optimization problems, in particular quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems on a gate model quantum computer. We focus mainly on four different approaches including digitizing the adiabatic quantum computing, global quantum optimization algorithms, the quantum algorithms that approximate the ground state of a general QUBO problem, and quantum sampling. We also discuss the quantum algorithms that are custom designed to solve certain types of QUBO problems.
Evaluation of HfLaOx as Blocking Layer for Innovative Nonvolatile Memory Applications (2010)

In this paper, a study of a La-based high-k oxide to be employed as blocking oxide in future non-volatile scaled memory devices is presented. Hf1-xLaxOy deposited by atomic layer deposition is considered. In order to allow the integration of this material, its chemical interaction with an Al2O3 cap layer has been studied. Moreover, the electrical characteristics have been evaluated after integration in capacitor structures. The rare earth-based ternary oxide presents promising characteristics to be a good candidate as active dielectric for non volatile memory devices.
Indications for an ideal interface structure of oxynitride tunnel dielectrics (2009)

Interface characteristics with respect to nitrogen-distribution and hydrogen-diffusion behavior were evaluated for two model tunnel oxides nitrided by NO and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O gas, respectively. Nuclear reaction analysis reveals a different resistance of the two interfaces against the approach by H, which allows us to correlate the characteristic N-distribution of the tunnel oxide with a H-diffusion barrier. From the relation between the interface structure and the electrical properties of the tunnel oxynitrides, we thus propose that the ideal interface structure of reliable tunnel oxynitride features a N-rich H-diffusion barrier layer in front of the oxynitride/Si interface.
MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF THE Ca2+‐BINDING PHOTOPROTEINS OF THE HYDROZOA (1995)

Alignment of the primary structures of the hydrozoan photoproteins, aequorin, mitrocomin, clytin and obelin showed very strong amino acid sequence identities. The Ca(2+)-binding sites of the proteins were found to be highly conserved. The Ca(2+)-binding sites were also homologous to the Ca(2+)-binding sites of other Ca(2+)-binding proteins. However, aequorin, mitrocomin, clytin and obelin differed from other Ca(2+)-binding proteins in that they contained a relatively large number of cysteine, tryptophan, histidine, proline and tyrosine residues, suggesting that these residues may have evolved as part of the light-emitting mechanism. Construction of a phylogenetic tree showed that aequorin, mitrocomin, clytin and obelin form a closely related group of proteins.
A Piglet Model of Acute Gastroenteritis Induced byShigella dysenteriaeType 1 (2010)

We conclude that piglets are highly susceptible to shigellosis, providing a useful tool with which to compare vaccine candidates for immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and response to challenge; investigate the role of virulence factors; and test the efficacy of microbial agents.
Molecular interactions of fibronectin. (1980)

Fibronectin mediates attachment of cells to surfaces in vitro, and its abundance in basement membrane structures suggests that it serves a similar function in vivo. The cell attachment promoting activity of fibronectin depends on its capacity to interact with a number of other macromolecules. These include collagen, fibrin(ogen), glycosaminoglycans, and as yet unidentified receptors on the surfaces of various mammalian and avian cells and on the surfaces of Staphylococci. Denatured collagens bind more avidly to fibronectin than the native forms. Of the latter, type III is the most active one. The collagen-binding is inhibited by fibrinogen and vice versa, indicating that the same (or overlapping) binding site are responsible for the binding of fibronectin to collagen and fibrinogen. The binding site for collagen in fibronectin can be localized in a homogeneous fragment with a molecular weight of 30,000. This binding site is distinct from the one interacting with cell surfaces, since the cell attachment promoting activity is found associated with collagen-nonbinding fragments of fibronectin. These same fragments also bind to Staphylococci, suggesting that the cell surface receptor in these bacteria may be similar to that of eukaryotic cells. Glycosaminoglycans bind to collagen-fibronectin complexes resulting in a complex more stable to disruption with urea than complexes of any two of the components. This phenomenon may be important in the formation of the fibronectin-containing, adhesive, extracellular matrix, and its significance to the apparent disturbances that many malignant cells have in forming such a matrix in particular, warrants further study.
Modelling and optimization for multi-hop wireless networks using fixed point and automatic differentiation (2008)

We develop and evaluate a new method for estimating and optimizing various performance metrics of multi-hop wireless networks, including MANETs. We introduce a simple approximate (throughput) loss model that couples the physical, MAC and routing layers effects. The model provides quantitative statistical relations between the loss parameters that are used to characterize multiuser interference and physical path conditions on the one hand and the traffic rates between origin-destination pairs on the other. The model considers effects of the hidden nodes, node scheduling algorithms, MAC and PHY layer failures and unsuccessful packet transmission attempts at the MAC layer in arbitrary network topologies where multiple paths share nodes. We apply automatic differentiation (AD) to these implicit performance models, and develop a methodology for sensitivity analysis and parameter optimization for wireless protocols. Finally, we provide simulation experiments to evaluate the effectiveness and performance estimation accuracy of the proposed models and methodologies.