gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rear Junction Epitaxial Thin Film Solar Cells with Diffused Front Surface Field and Porous Silicon Back Reflectors (2009)

Thin film silicon solar cells, consisting of an epitaxially grown active (base) layer deposited on a low quality, highly doped silicon substrate, are considered as a future alternative to crystalline bulk silicon cells incorporating many of the technologically attractive features. One of the benefits of these thin film epitaxial solar cells lies in the reduced consumption of high purity silicon feedstock. Moreover this technology enables a high degree of freedom regarding the design of the solar cell structure, since it can make use of unrestricted doping profiles and full solar cell diode stacks including emitters by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) processes as well as incorporation into the cell structure of intermediate processing steps prior epitaxial layer deposition. One of such intermediate step is implementation of the porous silicon optical reflector beneath the epi layer, reflecting low energy photons back to the active epitaxial layer. Another aspect of this work is to demonstrate a cell design where the emitter is situated at the rear of the cell directly on top of the reflector and is grown in situ by CVD technique. The purpose of this work is therefore twofold. A first aim is to demonstrate the use of such rear emitter epitaxial cell and show a proof of concept in comparison with the conventional cell with the junction at the front. On the other hand, we will discuss the issues associated with the introduction of such a concept together with the reflector in thin film technology and indicate possible improvement in cell design by PC1D simulations.
Application of High-Pressure Torsion to WC&ndash;Co Ceramic-Based Composites for Improvement of Consolidation, Microstructure and Hardness (2013)

This study shows that ultrafine-grained composites of WC–11 mass% Co are successfully consolidated by high-pressure torsion (HPT) followed by sintering at lower sintering temperatures or shorter sintering time than hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and compression and sintering. For the samples processed by HPT and successive sintering, the grain size (∼700 nm) is smaller and the hardness (∼1700 Hv) is higher when compared to those consolidated by compression and sintering and HIP. A heterogeneous microstructure consisting of nanograins of Co and WC and coarse grains of WC ceramics with high dislocation density, 2 × 1016 m−2, is formed during HPT, but the average grain size is slightly increased by subsequent sintering. A W3Co3C carbide forms by sintering, while its fraction increases with increasing the shear strain or with increasing the sintering temperature.
A Multiantigen Vaccine Targeting Neu, IGFBP-2, and IGF-IR Prevents Tumor Progression in Mice with Preinvasive Breast Disease (2013)

A multiantigen multipeptide vaccine, targeting proteins expressed in preinvasive breast lesions, can stimulate type I CD4(+) T cells which have been shown to be deficient in both patients with breast cancer and mice that develop mammary tumors. Transgenic mice (TgMMTV-neu) were immunized with a multiantigen peptide vaccine specific for neu, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and insulin-like growth factor receptor-I at a time when some of the animals already had preinvasive lesions (18 weeks of age). Although immunization with each individual antigen was partially effective in inhibiting tumor growth, immunization with the multiantigen vaccine was highly effective, blocking development of palpable lesions in 65% of mice and slowing tumor growth in the infrequent palpable tumors, which did arise. Protection was mediated by CD4(+) T cells, and the few slow-growing tumors that did develop demonstrated a significant increase in intratumoral CD8(+) T cells as compared with controls (P = 0.0007). We also combined the vaccine with agents that were, by themselves, partially effective inhibitors of tumor progression in this model; lapatinib and the RXR agonist bexarotene. Although the combination of lapatinib and vaccination performed similarly to vaccination alone (P = 0.735), bexarotene and vaccination significantly enhanced disease-free survival (P < 0.0001), and approximately 90% of the mice showed no pathologic evidence of carcinomas at one year. The vaccine also demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in an additional transgenic model of breast cancer (TgC3(I)-Tag). Chemoimmunoprevention combinations may be an effective approach to breast cancer prevention even when the vaccine is administered in the presence of subclinical disease.
Smartphone use as a possible risk factor for myopia (2020)

This study demonstrates an association between myopia and smartphone data usage. Given the serious nature of the ocular health risks associated with myopia, our findings indicate that this relationship merits more detailed investigation.
The role for neutrophil extracellular traps in cystic fibrosis autoimmunity (2016)

While respiratory failure in cystic fibrosis (CF) frequently associates with chronic infection by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, no single factor predicts the extent of lung damage in CF. To elucidate other causes, we studied the autoantibody profile in CF and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, given the similar association of airway inflammation and autoimmunity in RA. Even though we observed that bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), carbamylated proteins, and citrullinated proteins all localized to the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are implicated in the development of autoimmunity, our study demonstrates striking autoantibody specificity in CF. Particularly, CF patients developed anti-BPI autoantibodies but hardly any anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA). In contrast, ACPA-positive RA patients exhibited no reactivity with BPI. Interestingly, anti-carbamylated protein autoantibodies (ACarPA) were found in both cohorts but did not cross-react with BPI. Contrary to ACPA and ACarPA, anti-BPI autoantibodies recognized the BPI C-terminus in the absence of posttranslational modifications. In fact, we discovered that <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i>-mediated NET formation results in BPI cleavage by <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> elastase, which suggests a novel mechanism in the development of autoimmunity to BPI. In accordance with this model, autoantibodies associated with presence of <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> on sputum culture. Finally, our results provide a role for autoimmunity in CF disease severity, as autoantibody levels associate with diminished lung function.
Photochemically obtained N-demethyl derivatives of anthracyclines. (1992)

New N-monodemethyl and N-didemethyl derivatives were obtained from seven N-dimethylamino sugar (rhodosamine)-containing anthracyclines by photochemical reaction and their in vitro bioactivities against L1210 cell culture were compared with those of their N-dimethyl parent compounds. N-Demethyl derivatives obtained from betaclamycin T (7-O-rhodosaminyl-beta-rhodomycinone) were much more cytotoxic while those from the other six antibiotics were rather less active as compared with their parent compounds. The N-demethylation also gave a considerably greater decrease in the inhibitory activity on RNA synthesis as compared to DNA synthesis, so that the N-demethyl derivatives showed smaller IC50 ratios on DNA/RNA than their parent compounds.
The engineering research center for plasma-aided manufacturing (1993)

Plasma-aided manufacturing, the use of electrically charged particles in the manufacturing process, is used for producing new materials with unusual and superior properties, for developing new chemical compounds and processes, for machining, and/or altering and refining materials and surfaces. It has direct applications to semiconductor fabrication, materials synthesis, welding, lighting, polymers, anticorrosion coatings, machine tools, metallurgy, electrical and electronics devices, hazardous-waste removal, high-performance ceramics, and many other items in both high-technology and the more «traditional » industries
Chemical and Enzymatic Studies of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Covalently Linked to Ficoll (1972)

Abstract Nucleotides and polynucleotides with terminal phosphoryl groups can be covalently linked in a carbodiimide reaction to water-soluble polysaccharides such as Ficoll and dextran. Small, dialyzable nucleotides can be converted to nondialyzable macromolecules of high molecular weight. Hybrid molecules of polynucleotides and polysaccharides have novel properties such as a reduced density in cesium chloride and modified end groups. Nucleotides and polynucleotides attached to Ficoll have been used in enzymatic studies of deoxyribonuclease, polynucleotide kinase, and DNA polymerases.
Comparison of different finite elements for 3-D eddy current analysis (1990)

In order to evaluate the best type of element for the finite-element analysis of 3-D eddy currents, a fundamental model is analyzed using the usual first-order tetrahedral, triangular prism, and brick nodal elements, and also the brick edge element. The effects of the types of elements on the flux and eddy-current distributions are investigated using the A- phi method and the T- Omega method. It is concluded that the brick edge element is best from the viewpoints of accuracy and CPU time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Combination Therapy of Murine Mucormycosis or Aspergillosis with Iron Chelation, Polyenes, and Echinocandins (2011)

Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) combined wither either micafungin or deferasirox was synergistic in previous murine studies with mucormycosis or aspergillosis. We hypothesized that triple therapy using LAmB, micafungin, and deferasirox could further improve outcomes of mucormycosis or aspergillosis. Triple therapy improved survival and reduced tissue fungal burden of mice with mucormycosis and to a lesser extent with aspergillosis. Continued investigation into the use of triple therapy against mucormycosis and aspergillosis is warranted.
Synthetic parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) fragment stimulates placental calcium transfer in ewes (1990)

International audience
Biomarkers for predicting cancer in women with a suspicious mammogram. (2020)

e15533 Background: Biomarker identification for early breast cancer diagnosis is confounded by comparing healthy control patients to patients undergoing surgical procedures and stress of a potential cancer diagnosis. We implemented a clinical research protocol that combines biomarker harvesting and identification with Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) results, within a cohort of women with a suspicious mammogram who donated samples prior to biopsy. The primary goals were to discover candidate novel plasma markers for stage I breast cancer versus benign lesions, and validate the markers by mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. Methods: 150 women found on screening mammography to have a BIRADS IV or V mammographic abnormality were enrolled in the IRB approved study, with one year follow-up. After informed consent, serum, plasma, and saliva specimens were obtained and frozen. The patient underwent image guided biopsy of the mammographic abnormality. Hydrogel nanoparticles were used to harvest and concentrate low abundance protein biomarkers from plasma. Proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The BIRADS score and biopsy outcome were blinded to the laboratory researchers. Results: 37/150 women (median age 64, 73% ER+, 70% PR+) were diagnosed with biopsy-proven breast cancer. 15/37 had a family history of breast cancer. Within the context of stress of an abnormal mammogram and invasive biopsy, we identified 5478 plasma peptides. A model to predict endpoints that discriminate cancer vs no cancer was developed using cross-validation and lasso shrinkage method. The best fit multi-analyte ROC/AUC model of peptide spectral matches revealed 10 candidate peptides, including PLAA, TRAPPC9, PROS1, DDX41, ANKRD63, EGFLAM (AUC = 0.81), that discriminated cancer versus no cancer. The functional mechanisms of these proteins are calcium metabolism, GPI anchor biosynthesis, neural-immune crosstalk, DNA repair, and ubiquitin-mediated protein trafficking. Conclusions: Molecular profiling of blood can potentially complement imaging to improve diagnostic specificity in the setting of a suspicious mammogram. This unique trial design, enhanced by nanotechnology protein harvesting, identified potential novel cancer biomarkers in the presence of a suspicious mammogram. A confirmation trial is underway.
Development of fuel cell electrodes by plasma processing (2006)

Cette thèse en cotutelle résulte de la collaboration entre le laboratoire français GREMI (Orléans) et le groupe australien SP3 (Université National Australienne) sur l optimisation des piles à combustible par procédé plasma. Mon projet d étude concerne le développement d une électrode de pile à combustible constituée d une nanostructure carbonée imprégnée d agrégats de catalyseur platine, l enjeu étant de réduire la quantité de platine tout en conservant de bonnes performances électrochimiques. Durant la première partie passée en France, des électrodes traditionnelles non catalysées ont été imprégnées d agrégats de platine sur quelques centaines de nanomètres par pulvérisation plasma. Cette méthode a permis de réduire considérablement la charge de platine par rapport à une électrode traditionnelle catalysée chimiquement tout en réduisant légèrement ses performances. La seconde moitié de ma thèse en Australie concerna la croissance d un support catalytique carboné de grande surface spécifique optimisé pour l application pile à combustible. Des nanofibres de carbone (CNF) ont donc été déposées sur du papier de carbone recouvert d une fine couche de nickel en utilisant un procédé CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) dans un réacteur plasma Helicon que j ai conçu et développé. La morphologie des CNF a été caractérisée et optimisée en fonction des paramètres plasmas. Ce tapis de CNF a été imprégné d agrégats de platine par pulvérisation plasma Helicon. Dans cette nouvelle électrode entièrement réalisée par plasma, le catalyseur est cette fois réparti sur quelques micromètres ce qui permettra d augmenter les performances électriques de la pile.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (±)-Abyssinone II and Its Analogues as Aromatase Inhibitors for Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer (2007)

An efficient and economical synthesis of the naturally occurring aromatase inhibitor abyssinone II was performed. The synthesis features an optimized aromatic prenylation reaction in which an arylcopper intermediate is reacted with prenyl bromide to afford a key intermediate that was converted to a prenylated aromatic aldehyde. Condensation of the aldehyde with an o-hydroxyacetophenone under Claisen−Schmidt conditions afforded a chalcone that was deprotected and cyclized in the presence of sodium acetate in refluxing ethanol to afford (±)-abyssinone II. The synthesis proved to be versatile enough to provide an array of abyssinone II derivatives that were evaluated as aromatase inhibitors. Methylation of the 4‘-hydroxyl group of (±)-abyssinone II resulted in a significant increase in aromatase inhibitory activity, and further smaller increases in activity resulted from the methylation of the 7-hydroxyl group and removal of the prenyl side chain. As a result of these structural changes, the most active flavanone of the series was 20 times more potent than (±)-abyssinone II (IC50 40.95 μM).
Ureaplasma parvum Prosthetic Joint Infection Detected by PCR (2014)

We describe the first reported case of Ureaplasma parvum prosthetic joint infection (PJI) detected by PCR. Ureaplasma species do not possess a cell wall and are usually associated with colonization and infection of mucosal surfaces (not prosthetic material). U. parvum is a relatively new species name for certain serovars of Ureaplasma urealyticum, and PCR is useful for species determination. Our patient presented with late infection of his right total knee arthroplasty. Intraoperative fluid and tissue cultures and pre- and postoperative synovial fluid cultures were all negative. To discern the pathogen, we employed PCR coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS). Our patient's failure to respond to empirical antimicrobial treatment and our previous experience with PCR/ESI-MS in culture-negative cases of infection prompted us to use this approach over other diagnostic modalities. PCR/ESI-MS detected U. parvum in all samples. U. parvum-specific PCR testing was performed on all synovial fluid samples to confirm the U. parvum detection.
Estimating Exchange Stiffness of Thin Films With Perpendicular Anisotropy Using Magnetic Domain Images (2016)

The exchange stiffness and domain wall width of magnetic thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are obtained using Kerr microscopy in conjunction with vibrating sample magnetometer measurements. This approach requires only knowledge of saturation magnetization, the effective out-of-plane anisotropy energy, and an image of the demagnetized domain pattern, from which the demagnetization energy and domain wall length are determined. The demagnetization energy is calculated from the image using a Rhodes-Rowlands based approach, while domain wall length is estimated using an image processing algorithm. By relating the effect of domain periodicity on both the demagnetization energy and the domain wall length, an expression for the domain wall energy, and thus exchange stiffness, is constructed. This provides a room-temperature measurement of exchange stiffness in demagnetized unpatterned films. Results are compared with analytical solutions for idealized domain patterns, and a CoFeB/MgO stack is measured as a test case.
Laser shock peening process modelling and experimental validation of AA2198‐T3 and AA2198‐T8 (2017)

Abstract Laser shock peening (LSP) is a surface treatment which improves the fatigue life of metallic structures by laser‐induced compressive residual stresses. The purpose of this work is the prediction of the measured residual stresses after LSP in sheets consisting of AA2198. Therefore, a finite element model is set‐up. The Johnson‐Cook material model is used to model the strain rate depend material behaviour during plastic deformations. Stress averaging enables the comparison between measured and predicted residual stresses. Residual stress measurements are performed using the incremental hole drilling method. The initially unknown pressure pulse is identified for AA2198‐T3 and validated with AA2198‐T8. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Combined cellular and soluble mediator analysis for improved diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma (2019)

Here, we show the power of a combined cellular and proteomics strategy for detecting (P)VRL in vitreous specimens, especially in cases with minor cellular (P)VRL infiltrates.
In vitro embryo culture in defined, sub‐microliter volumes (2009)

The high attrition rate of in vitro human embryo culture presents a major obstacle in the treatment of clinical infertility by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Physical and genetic requirements are not well understood for human or mouse preimplantation embryo development. Group culture is an established requirement for optimal embryo development in the mouse model. However, conventional microdrop culture limitations hinder investigations of the effects of physical parameters on in vitro embryo development. We report a microfluidics platform that enables embryo culture in precisely defined, sub-microliter volumes (5-500 nl) which cannot be investigated using conventional methods. Groups of two embryos per microfluidic well successfully developed to the blastocyst stage, at a rate of over 80%, which is comparable to those cultured in 20-microl microdrops. This system can be used to dissect physical requirements of in vitro single or group embryo culture, and be made highly parallel to increase experimental throughput.
Correspondence re: Samowitz et al., Microsatellite instability in sporadic colon cancer is associated with an improved prognosis at the population level. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev., 10: 917-923, 2001. (2002)

Samowitz et al. [(1)][1] described recently that MSI[2][2] in sporadic CRC is associated with an improved prognosis at the population level. These findings well agree with most [(2][3], [3][4], [4)][5] but not all [(5][6] [, 6)][7] of the previous studies on the prognostic value of MSI in this
An implementation of a distributed scheme for managing the dynamic coexistence of Wireless Body Area Networks (2013)

We present a novel implementation of a distributed scheme for Dynamic Coexistence Management (DCM) of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) of inertial sensors. WBANs are comprised of sensors placed on or implanted inside a person's body to collect physiological signals, activity or environmental data. Since WBANs are mobile systems by design, they can dynamically interfere with other WBANs when their users come within each other's transmission ranges. This situation which is referred to as homogeneous coexistence may result in loss of data as well as increased power consumption and transmission latencies. In this paper we present an implementation of the DCM mechanism for WBANs of inertial sensors that are designed for real-time activity monitoring and gesture recognition. The proposed scheme is implemented and evaluated on sensors that use Nordic wireless transceivers for communication; however, it can be adapted to other types of lowpower wireless standards such as IEEE 802.15.4. Our results indicate that using DCM we can achieve a close to perfect performance with 15-20% more successfully received frames when WBANs are exposed to dynamic coexistence.
Polyoxovanadometalate‐Catalyzed Selective Epoxidation of Alkenes with Hydrogen Peroxide. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reply to Comment on "Influence of Noise on Force Measurements" [1012.5371] (2011)

Having a priori knowledge of the force acting on a noisy system it is possible to solve the issue relative to the interpretation of multiplicative noise terms (aka Ito-Stratonovich dilemma). We experimentally show that for a Brownian particle the anti-Ito convention is correct. This permits us to reconcile force measurements based on the equilibrium distribution and on the drift velocity of a Brownian particle in a diffusion gradient.
Rapid, Affordable, Collection and Analysis of Bioaerosol Viral Pathogen (Begomoviruses and Whitefly Vectors) (2018)

Abstract Detection of pathogens is critical to monitoring their distribution and spread, and is a key component in the prediction and management of disease epidemiology. Monitoring for pathogens as bioaerosols requires developing techniques which are sensitive, affordable, and time saving before they will have widespread impact. This approach also overcomes private property issues, which are a major pitfall in monitoring diseases in complex agricultural and urban settings. In this study, we have applied an emerging technology of electrostatic sampling to the detection of an insect-transmitted plant pathogen as a bioaerosol. Where insects aggregate in large numbers, as with whiteflies, leafhoppers, psyllids and honey bees, the pathogen (ie. virus or bacteria) becoming aerosolized as thousands of excreta droplets fall from the plants during feeding. Agricultural systems have not fully measured the impact of bioaerosols on disease epidemiology. Electrostatic sampling provides a valuable, affordable, method for monitoring for diseases as bioaerosols, which includes plant, animal and human pathogens. This study shows results which successfully used an electrostatic sampling device to collect an aerosolized begomovirus from the air near whiteflies feeding on virus-infected tomato plants.