gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Transit Applications of Advanced Parking Management Systems - Final Evaluation Report (2008)

Throughout the United States, transportation agencies have begun implementing advanced parking information systems to increase customer satisfaction and to improve traffic operations. Through the use of variable message signs, these systems provide motorists with real-time information about parking availability at appropriate decision points on their route so that they can make an informed decision about where to park. These systems are being deployed in a variety of environments including central business districts, airports, and transit park-and-ride lots. The goals in deploying such a system can vary depending on the operating environment. When deployed in a transit environment, goals can include improved user satisfaction, increased parking utilization at a lot that is currently under-utilized, and increased transit ridership. This report presents the results of an independent national evaluation of two transit applications of parking management systems: one that was deployed in conjunction with two Metra Stations in suburbs southwest of Chicago, Illinois and the other which was deployed in conjunction with two Metro Stations in Montgomery County, Maryland. The study documents quantified system impacts in terms of parking utilization, transit ridership and mode choice, traffic circulation within and between transit park and ride lots, and customer satisfaction. It also includes an institutional issues review that includes organizational and institutional challenges encountered by the project stakeholders throughout the course of deployment and operation of these systems. The evaluation involved conducting passenger intercept surveys of transit riders, gathering data on transit ridership, gathering archived system data that documents in and out counts at the lots, as well as conducting a series of interviews with the staff. The results of the study indicate that it is unclear whether the parking management systems increased parking utilization or transit ridership, or whether they reduced circulation within and between park-and-ride lots. The results do indicate that commuters are in general satisfied with the sign locations and accuracy (and that they would like to see similar signs at other locations). In terms of mode share, although not many, a few respondents did indicate that the signs have affected how often they take transit and that he parking availability information has caused them to take transit rather than driving. Finally, the results show that, depending on the circumstances, parking management systems can increase driver awareness of parking alternatives or reduce circulation within and between lots.\n
Comparative study of the rhizosphere microbiome of Coffea arabica grown in different countries reveals a small set of prevalent and keystone taxa (2022)

Coffee (Coffea arabica) is a globally important crop and its cultivation demands the use of agrochemicals and pesticides. Recently, plant-associated microorganisms have emerged as an unexploited resource to enhance crop performance and sustainability. In particular, the rhizosphere microbiome has been identified as a hotspot for plant health, by providing tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as regulating phenological traits. However, its composition varies widely across crops and environmental conditions. Hence, the knowledge of the “common core” taxa, which are a subset of the microbiome that is persistently associated, across different environmental gradients and conditions, to a host species, represent valuable targets for the development of microbiome-based management approaches. This study aimed to characterize and determine the rhizosphere-inhabiting microbial groups (common core and most prevalent taxa), associated with the Coffea arabica plants in different geographical locations. To assess the structure of the coffee rhizosphere microbiome, we performed the 16 S rRNA amplicon analysis of samples collected across six locations spanning four countries and grown under different climate conditions, soil type, agroecosystem management, plant vegetative stage and age. Our findings allowed us to delineate and identify a robust set of six bacterial taxa, namely Sphingobium, Rhizobium group, Acidibacter, Sphingomonas, Burkholderia group and Amycolatopsis, which are likely to play an important role for the growth and health of coffee plants. Using network analysis, we observed that some of the six “common core” taxa were highly interconnected with the resident community, being also keystone taxa of the coffee rhizosphere microbiome. Furthermore, we performed a high-throughput targeted isolation resulting into 162 rhizosphere bacterial strains, some of them related to the most prevalent taxa. These isolates represent a working bacterial culture collection to be used in the future for the development of microbiome-based solutions for a more sustainable coffee farming.
ATPγS Disrupts Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virion Core Integrity (2005)

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is incorporated within the membrane of primate lentiviral virions. Here we demonstrate that Hsp70 is also incorporated into oncoretroviral virions and that it remains associated with membrane-stripped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virion cores. To determine if Hsp70 promotes virion infectivity, we attempted to generate Hsp70-deficient virions with gag deletion mutations, Hsp70 transdominant mutants, or RNA interference, but these efforts were confounded, largely because they disrupt virion assembly. Given that polypeptide substrates are bound and released by Hsp70 in an ATP-hydrolytic reaction cycle, we supposed that incubation of HIV-1 virions with ATP would perturb Hsp70 interaction with substrates in the virion and thereby decrease infectivity. Treatment with ATP or ADP had no observable effect, but ATPgammaS and GTPgammaS, nucleotide triphosphate analogues resistant to Hsp70 hydrolysis, dramatically reduced the infectivity of HIV-1 and murine leukemia virus virions. ATPgammaS-treated virions were competent for fusion with susceptible target cells, but viral cDNA synthesis was inhibited to an extent that correlated with the magnitude of decrease in infectivity. Intravirion reverse transcription by HIV-1, simian immunodeficiency virus, or murine leukemia virus was also inhibited by ATPgammaS. The effects of ATPgammaS on HIV-1 reverse transcription appeared to be indirect, resulting from disruption of virion core morphology that was evident by transmission electron microscopy. Consistent with effects on capsid conformation, ATPgammaS-treated viruslike particles failed to saturate host antiviral restriction activity. Our observations support a model in which the catalytic activity of virion-associated Hsp70 is required to maintain structural integrity of the virion core.
Frequency-Domain 2×2 MIMO Equalizer with Stokes Space Updating Algorithm (2016)

We propose a novel frequency-domain Stokes space algorithm. Its low implementation complexity architecture allows merging static and dynamic 2Ã—2 MIMO equalization in a single stage.
Demonstration of the improvement of transmission distance using multiple state trellis coded optical modulation (2015)

We demonstrated experimentally the improvement of the transmission distance by 27% of 150Gb/s signal at 3b/s/Hz with a novel TCM format, 8-state 12QAM TCM, compared to PM-8QAM. We also demonstrated improvement of the transmission distance for multiple state TCM using nonlinear compensation, ranging from 14% to 26%, while similar improvement was below 11% for PM signals.
Pulmonary lesions induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic cats (2021)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019, which ranges from fatal disease in some to mild or subclinical in most affected individuals. Many recovered human patients report persistent respiratory signs; however, lung disease in post-acute infection is poorly understood. Our objective was to describe histologic lung lesions and viral loads following experimental SARS-CoV-2 infection in 11 cats. Microscopic evaluation at 3, 6, 10, or 28 days postinoculation (DPI) identified mild to moderate patchy interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolar epithelial damage, and occlusive histiocytic bronchiolitis. Based on immunohistochemistry, alveolar septal thickening was due to CD204-positive macrophages, fewer B and T lymphocytes, type II pneumocytes, and capillary proliferation with a relative dearth of fibrosis. In blood vessel endothelium, there was reactive hypertrophy or vacuolar degeneration and increased MHC II expression at all time points. Unexpectedly, one cat from the 28 DPI group had severe subacute regionally extensive lymphohistiocytic pneumonia with multifocal consolidation, vasculitis, and alveolar fibrin. Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction identified SARS-CoV-2 RNA within the lung at 3 and 6 DPI, and viral RNA was below the limit of detection at 10 and 28 DPI, suggesting that pulmonary lesions persist beyond detection of viral RNA. These findings clarify our comparative understanding of disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 and suggest that cats can serve as an informative model to study post-acute pulmonary sequelae.
A 0.13μm CMOS 5GHz Fully Integrated 2x3 MIMO Transceiver IC with over 40dB Isolation (2007)

A 5 GHz MIMO direct-conversion transceiver composed of 2 transmitters (TXs) and 3 receivers (RXs) is fabricated with 0.13μm CMOS technology. Die size is 4.56mm × 7.7mm. For driving 10GHz LO signal lines of 5 mm length for both TXs and RXs, inductor-less low-power LO repeaters are equipped in individual LO paths. A linearized RF variable gain amplifier is proposed for low power operation. Isolation of over 40dB is obtained by equipping separate GNDs on both the MIMO IC and the circuit board. This results in negligible degradation of EVM. TX EVM of over -31dB is obtained at -8.6 dBm for 2 TX mode when external LO of 10GHz is applied. The 3RXs and 2TXs with LO paths dissipate 703mW and 412mW from 1.5V, respectively.
Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics for quantitative analysis of complex flows in an industrial transesterification process (2014)

A method based on Raman spectroscopy has been used for determination of ester acrylate mixture composition from an industrial production of acrylic monomers. Five molecules of the industrial mixture have been studied: main components and an impurity. Experiments were carried out with an immersion probe on the spectral range of 100–3425 cm −1 . Usually, monitoring a complex industrial flow by spectroscopic analysis requires a lot of samples in order to have a representative prediction model. Here only 60 samples from the process were necessary to build the model. The statistics was then artificially increased by synthetically increasing the number of samples. A qualitative study by principal component analysis was at first done, and then a partial least squares method was performed to assess the feasibility of quantitative measurements in such transesterification process. Internal and external validations methods have been used and their results show a RMSEP below 1% of samples predicted concentration ranges. The repeatability and reproducibility of Raman measurements are also discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Inactivation of the Peroxisomal Multifunctional Protein-2 in Mice Impedes the Degradation of Not Only 2-Methyl-branched Fatty Acids and Bile Acid Intermediates but Also of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (2000)

According to current views, peroxisomal beta-oxidation is organized as two parallel pathways: the classical pathway that is responsible for the degradation of straight chain fatty acids and a more recently identified pathway that degrades branched chain fatty acids and bile acid intermediates. Multifunctional protein-2 (MFP-2), also called d-bifunctional protein, catalyzes the second (hydration) and third (dehydrogenation) reactions of the latter pathway. In order to further clarify the physiological role of this enzyme in the degradation of fatty carboxylates, MFP-2 knockout mice were generated. MFP-2 deficiency caused a severe growth retardation during the first weeks of life, resulting in the premature death of one-third of the MFP-2(-/-) mice. Furthermore, MFP-2-deficient mice accumulated VLCFA in brain and liver phospholipids, immature C(27) bile acids in bile, and, after supplementation with phytol, pristanic and phytanic acid in liver triacylglycerols. These changes correlated with a severe impairment of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of very long straight chain fatty acids (C(24)), 2-methyl-branched chain fatty acids, and the bile acid intermediate trihydroxycoprostanic acid in fibroblast cultures or liver homogenates derived from the MFP-2 knockout mice. In contrast, peroxisomal beta-oxidation of long straight chain fatty acids (C(16)) was enhanced in liver tissue from MFP-2(-/-) mice, due to the up-regulation of the enzymes of the classical peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway. The present data indicate that MFP-2 is not only essential for the degradation of 2-methyl-branched fatty acids and the bile acid intermediates di- and trihydroxycoprostanic acid but also for the breakdown of very long chain fatty acids.
Rituximab-Relapsing Patients with Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Respond Even at Lower Doses of Humanized Anti-CD20 Antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20): Phase I/II Results. (2006)

Abstract Background: An open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation study in patients with recurrent NHL was initially undertaken to establish the safety, tolerance, PK, and immunogenicity (HAHA) of humanized anti-CD20 antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20), administered once-weekly for 4 weeks at different doses. Additional patients have now been entered to confirm the efficacy of 120 and 375 mg/m2 dosing, and to determine the feasibility of using even lower hA20 doses. Methods: A total of 55 patients (23 male, 32 female; 51 Caucasian; 40–84 years old) received hA20 at 120 (N=21), 200 (N=6), 375 (N=25) or 750 mg/m2 (N=3). They had follicular (FL, N=37) or other (N=18) B-cell lymphomas, were predominantly stage III/IV (N=44) at study entry, and had received 1–7 prior treatments (median, 2), including 1 (N=34) or more (N=14) rituximab regimens (without progression within 6 months). Results: Fifty-two patients completed all 4 infusions, 2 are currently being treated, and one patient with hives and chills after prior rituximab discontinued treatment after similar NCI CTC v.3 grade 1–2 reactions at 1st hA20 infusion. hA20 was generally well tolerated with a median infusion time at the lowest dose of 120 mg/m2 of 2.2 h for 1st infusion and 1.2 h for subsequent infusions. Twenty-one patients had drug-related adverse events; these were all transient, mild-to-moderate (Grade 1–2) events, most occurring only at first infusion. No consistent pattern of abnormal laboratory changes occurred, and there was no evidence of immunogenicity in 29 patients now evaluated for HAHA. Mean antibody serum levels increased with dose and with repeated infusions, and limited post-treatment data indicate the serum clearance at 375 mg/m2 dosing is similar to rituximab. Even at 120 mg/m2, peripheral blood B-cell depletion occurred after the first infusion and persists after 4th infusion, with analysis continuing &gt; 6 mo. Thirty-nine patients with at least 12 wks follow-up had one or more responses evaluated by Cheson criteria (Table), with all CR/CRu occurring in follicular lymphoma except for one patient with marginal zone lymphoma; 6 pts progressed by week 4. Of 18 pts with OR’s, 9 have continuing responses (median follow-up, 9 mos post-treatment), including 4 with long-lived responses (12–18 mos). Conclusions: hA20 is well tolerated, with no evidence of significant toxicity or pattern of adverse events other than minor infusion reactions, even at short infusion times. All dose levels studied so far, including the lowest dose of 120 mg/m2, resulted in B-cell depletion and objective responses (including CR/CRu), with no clear-cut evidence of dose response in efficacy. As such, further dose de-escalation is ongoing. Treatment Response hA20 Dose OR CR/CRu All patients (n = 39) 46% (18/39) 21% (8/39) 120 mg/m2 (n = 11) 36% (4/11) 27% (3/11) 200 mg/m2 (n = 6) 67% (4/6) 33% (2/6) 375 mg/m2 (n =19) 42% (8/19) 11% (2/19) 750 mg/m2 (n = 3) 67% (2/3) 33% (1/3)
Cryptography and RFID (2013)

The present cryptography has enabled to provide mutual authentication between a reader and tags but also the data access control on the card. This chapter firstly define and introduce the notations used to describe the identification protocols. Then it presents in a formal way the security notions. Finally it details the notions of privacy and the problems that they formalize. Privacy is a very important notion in the context of cryptographic schemes associated with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). A protocol respects privacy if it is possible to prove that the holder of an RFID tag is anonymous and is not traceable by other persons. There are two approaches to measure the power consumption of an RFID tag. The first approach uses a resistor placed in one of the power supply lines of the module performing cryptographic operations. The second approach tries to estimate indirectly the power consumption of the tag. Controlled Vocabulary Terms cryptography; radiofrequency identification
WLC06-1: Capacity Measurements in a Multicell MIMO System (2006)

In future wireless networks, cooperation between the base stations may reduce the effects of intercell interference and enhance the capacity per cell. In this paper, the potential of such cooperation is evaluated using measurements of the information-theoretic channel capacity at 5.2 GHz in 4 overlapping urban macrocells with 5 users. In each link, a 10-transmit 16-receive antenna configuration is used. Results for individual links between terminals and base stations, valid for 60% of the scenarios, indicate that the direct signal has a significant impact on the channel structure. The direct signal contributes two spatial degrees of freedom due to the polarization. Rich scattering is observed when the direct signal is blocked. Results for the multiuser multicell scenario demonstrate for the first time experimentally that the intercell interference leads to an enhanced rank of the joint multiuser multicell channel matrix. Compared to a conventional cellular system, where a fixed assignment of different radio resources is used in adjacent cells in order to avoid the interference, it is better to exploit the interference by cooperation. This enhances the spectral efficiency by a factor of five in our measurement scenario.
Application of carbon nanotubes in extraction and chromatographic analysis: A review (2018)

Carbon nanotube (CNT), a well-known carbon-based nanomaterial has drawn much attention in many application fields including chemistry in the last few decades. Many researchers and scientists have shown huge interest to improve the extraction methodologies and adopt their applications in combination with chromatography technique. With respect to this, the exceptional applications of CNTs have been introduced as extraction sorbent due to their excellent inborn physical and chemical properties. In particular, CNTs have consistently been used as adsorbents in various techniques including solid-phase micro-extraction, solid-phase extraction, micro dispersive slid phase extraction, magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction, analytes enrichment, sample fractionation and clean-up as well as support for many derivatization reactions. Many research papers have discussed the successful use of CNTs to overcome the limitations of the extraction techniques due to their excellent sorbent capacity. In addition, considering the clear need to make chromatographic technique more successful, the applications of CNTs have been reported in the literatures in details as stationary and pseudo-stationary phases for the separation and extraction of challenging compounds. Because of the higher thermal and chemical stability, CNTs have been anticipated as stationary phase modifier for chromatographic applications to avoid bleeding of the columns and enable the analysis even at very high temperature (1200 °C). In liquid chromatography CNTs have primarily been used in combination with other packing materials (silica) and sometimes incorporated in a porous polymeric monolith. Therefore, the recent utilizations of CNTs as extraction materials and stationary phases have been illustrated in the current review and a table listing the details applications of CNTs in aforementioned field is provided as well. We believe that the review will help researcher to gain vast knowledge about application of carbon nanotubes in the field of separation chemistry.
Use of recombinant human antibody fragments for detection of cytomegalovirus antigenemia (1997)

The determination and quantitation of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) expressing human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antigens is widely employed in clinical virology for rapid diagnosis of HCMV-related infections. We describe how CMV antigenemia may be accurately detected by means of human recombinant monoclonal Fab fragments rescued from a combinatorial phage display library prepared from an HCMV-infected donor. Fourteen recombinant Fabs were tested against HCMV-positive PBLs from a patient with ongoing HCMV infection. Three clones were found to react specifically with the nuclei of these cells. These three recombinant Fabs were subsequently tested, individually and pooled together, against 60 PBL samples taken from immunosuppressed patients. The reactivity observed was comparable to that obtained with mouse monoclonal antibodies commercially available for this purpose. The three recombinant Fabs were shown to react specifically with the 65-kDa viral tegument phosphoprotein encoded by UL83 (pUL83), which is the most abundant viral antigen in HCMV-infected PBLs.