gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
100-LB: Closed-Loop Control Reduces Hypoglycemia without Increased Hyperglycemia in Subjects with Increased Prestudy Hypoglycemia: Results from the iDCL DCLP3 Randomized Trial (2020)

Closed Loop Control (CLC) has the ability to reduce both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of data from the iDCL DCLP3 randomized trial comparing CLC with Control-IQ versus sensor augmented pump therapy (SAP) for 6 months in participants who had baseline CGM below 70mg/dL ≥4.0% of the time (N= 41 CLC, 14 SAP, mean±SD age of 33±16yrs, 49% female). CLC use led to a greater reduction in time below 70mg/dL (least square mean change from baseline of -4.6% in CLC vs. -3.1% in SAP, mean-adjusted treatment difference -1.5% or 22 min/d, 95% CI -2.2% to -0.9%, P&amp;lt;0.0001), increased time in range 70-180 mg/dL (mean-adjusted difference +10.4% or 2.5 hr/d, P&amp;lt;0.0001), decreased time above 180mg/dL (mean-adjusted difference -8.5% or 2.0 hr/d, P=0.0001), decreased mean glucose (mean-adjusted difference -10.4 mg/dL, P=0.005), and lower HbA1C (mean-adjusted difference -0.28%, P=0.06). CLC improves HbA1C and reduces both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in people with T1D with elevated levels of hypoglycemia prior to starting CLC. Disclosure C.J. Levy: Consultant; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Allergan plc. Research Support; Self; Abbott, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation. G. O’Malley: Research Support; Self; Abbott, Dexcom, Inc. S.A. Brown: Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care, Tandem Diabetes Care, Tolerion, Inc. G.P. Forlenza: Advisory Panel; Self; Medtronic. Consultant; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Tandem Diabetes Care. Research Support; Self; Abbott, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Medtronic, Tandem Diabetes Care. Y.C. Kudva: Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Roche Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; Abbott. R. Beck: None. C. Kollman: Other Relationship; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care. J. Lum: None. D. Raghinaru: None. B. Kovatchev: Advisory Panel; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Sanofi, Tandem Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Johnson &amp; Johnson, Sanofi. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (UC4108483); University of Virginia Strategic Investment Fund (Project 88); Tandem Diabetes Care
Metal-free cross-coupling reactions of radiofluorinated tosylhydrazones with different nucleophiles. (2016)

Objectives Numerous metal-free cross-coupling reactions of tosylhydrazones with different reaction partners have been recently reported. These building blocks are easily available from carbonyl compounds by reaction with tosylhydrazide. The aim of this work was the preparation of 18F-labeled tosylhydrazone and its utilization as an 18F-labeled building block for the preparation of radiofluorinated compounds via cross-coupling reactions with different model reaction partners like boronic acids, alkenes, thiols and alkynes.Methods 4-[18F]Fluorobenzylidene tosylhydrazone ([18F]1) was synthesized by the reaction of [18F]FBA with tosylhydrazide. [18F]1 was allowed to react with aromatic boronic acids with different reactivity; internal and terminal alkene; aromatic and aliphatic thiols; terminal alkyne; to afford the corresponding radiofluorinated diarylmethanes [18F]2a-c, cyclopropanes [18F]3a,b, thioethers [18F]4a,b and pyrazole [18F]5a respectively. The cross-coupling step for the preparation of [18F]2-5 was optimized with respect to base, solvent, reaction temperature and reaction time. Additionally, the feasibility of a one-pot preparation of [18F]1 and [18F]2a were studied.Results [18F]2 was obtained from [18F]FBA under optimized reaction conditions (MeOH, 70 °C, 10 min) in 91±2% RCY and in 97±1% RCP. Using acetyl chloride to neutralize excess of base after the [18F]FBA synthesis [18F]2 was prepared via a one-pot two-step reaction sequence in DMSO in 62±10% RCY. Highest RCCs of [18F]3a-c (28-75%) were achieved in 1,4-dioxane at 105°C for 10 min using K2CO3 as a base. Disubstituted cyclopropanes in ca. 50% RCC were obtained by the reaction between [18F]2 and alkenes in toluene at 140°C for 10 min in the presence of K2CO3 and TEACl. Thioethers [18F]5a,b were prepared in 67±2% and 20±2% RCC, respectively (K2CO3/TBAB, pyridine, 100 °C, 10 min). Finally, 3,5-disubstituted pyrazoles were prepared in MeCN at 95 °C for 25 min using LiOtBu as base to deliver [18F]5a,b in RCC of 62% and 34% respectively.Conclusions 18F-labeled tosylhydrazone is an easily accessible building block for metal-free cross-coupling reactions with different reaction partners to provide a broad spectrum of radiofluorinated compounds. The newly developed method could be used for the radiosynthesis of clinically applicable PET imaging agents.
Scanner identification with extension to forgery detection (2008)

Digital images can be obtained through a variety of sources including digital cameras and scanners. With rapidly increasing functionality and ease of use of image editing software, determining authenticity and identifying forged regions, if any, is becoming crucial for many applications. This paper presents methods for authenticating and identifying forged regions in images that have been acquired using flatbed scanners. The methods are based on using statistical features of imaging sensor pattern noise as a fingerprint for the scanner. An anisotropic local polynomial estimator is used for obtaining the noise patterns. A SVM classifier is trained for using statistical features of pattern noise for classifying smaller blocks of an image. This feature vector based approach is shown to identify the forged regions with high accuracy.
A History of the MIT Heat Transfer Laboratory (2003)

(2003). A History of the MIT Heat Transfer Laboratory. Heat Transfer Engineering: Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 3-17.
Creatine kinase rate constant in the human heart measured with 3D‐localization at 7 tesla (2016)

BOAST enables measurement of the CK rate constant in the human heart at 7T, with spatial localization in three dimensions to 5.6 mL voxels, using a 10-cm loop coil. Magn Reson Med 78:20-32, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Development and characterization of a new monoclonal antibody against SARS‐CoV‐2 NSP12 (RdRp) (2022)

SARS-CoV-2 NSP12, the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), is required for viral replication and is a therapeutic target to treat COVID-19. To facilitate research on SARS-CoV-2 NSP12 protein, we developed a rat monoclonal antibody (CM12.1) against the NSP12 N-terminus that can facilitate functional studies. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) confirmed the specific detection of NSP12 protein by this antibody for cells overexpressing the protein. Although NSP12 is generated from the ORF1ab polyprotein, IFA of human autopsy COVID-19 lung samples revealed NSP12 expression in only a small fraction of lung cells including goblet, club-like, vascular endothelial cells, and a range of immune cells, despite wide-spread tissue expression of spike protein antigen. Similar studies using in vitro infection also generated scant protein detection in cells with established virus replication. These results suggest that NSP12 may have diminished steady-state expression or extensive posttranslation modifications that limit antibody reactivity during SARS-CoV-2 replication.
Optical third-harmonic generation from poly(2,5-thienylene vinylene) thin films (1988)

Third-harmonic generation measurements have been made on poly(2,5-thienylene vinylene) (PTV) thin films. The third-order optical susceptibility χ(3) was evaluated to be 3.2×10−11 esu at 1.85 μm wavelength. It was also revealed that in weakly iodine-doped PTV thin films, χ(3) was almost the same value as that of nondoped films. χ(3) at a shorter wavelength region was expected to be much higher than that obtained in this work due to the resonant effect.
Enhanced computation method of topological smoothing on shared memory parallel machines (2011)

To prepare images for better segmentation, we need preprocessing applications, such as smoothing, to reduce noise. In this paper, we present an enhanced computation method for smoothing 2D object in binary case. Unlike existing approaches, proposed method provides a parallel computation and better memory management, while preserving the topology (number of connected components) of the original image by using homotopic transformations defined in the framework of digital topology. We introduce an adapted parallelization strategy called split, distribute and merge (SDM) strategy which allows efficient parallelization of a large class of topological operators. To achieve a good speedup and better memory allocation, we cared about task scheduling and managing. Distributed work during smoothing process is done by a variable number of threads. Tests on 2D grayscale image (512*512), using shared memory parallel machine (SMPM) with 8 CPU cores (2× Xeon E5405 running at frequency of 2 GHz), showed an enhancement of 5.2 with cache success rate of 70%.
Minimally Invasive Versus Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery: An Analysis of Opioids, Nonopioid Analgesics, and Perioperative Characteristics (2019)

Patients undergoing MIS TLIF required less inpatient opioids and had a decreased incidence of opioid dependence at 3-month follow-up. Patients with preoperative opioid use undergoing MIS TLIF are less likely to require long-term opioids.
ChemInform Abstract: Narrow‐Band Green‐Emitting Phosphor Ba2LiSi7AlN12:Eu2+ with High Thermal Stability Discovered by a Single Particle Diagnosis Approach. (2015)

Abstract Luminescent particles of Ba 2 LiSi 7 AlN 12 :Eu 2+ are selected from polycrystalline material obtained by firing Ba 3 N 2 , EuN, Si 3 N 4 , AlN, and Li 3 N under N 2 in the molar ratio of Eu:Si:Al:Li = 0.8:0.2:0.58:6.42:3 (BN crucible, 1800 °C, 2 h, 1 MPa N 2 ).
Formation of Embedded Monocrystalline NiSi2 Grid Layers in Silicon by MBE (1984)

Overgrowth of monocrystalline silicon films has been achieved by the molecular beam epitaxy technique on patterned NiSi 2 layers which were epitaxially grown on Si(111) substrates. The embedded NiSi 2 grid layer can be used as the gate in a permeable base transistor and can form buried electrodes in other novel devices.
Anti-slip/skid Re-adhesion Control Based on Disturbance Observer Considering Bogie Vibration (2007)

This paper proposes a new anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control system for electric commuter train driven by inverter-fed induction motors. This paper designs an instantaneous tangential force estimator between driving wheel and rail, which is based on disturbance observer. The torque command of proposed system regulates to exceed this estimated tangential force in order to avoid undesirable slip phenomenon of driving wheels. For the actual bogie of electric commuter train, we have already proposed the anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control system based on the ordinary disturbance observer and the speed sensor-less vector control. This system has the fine torque response for slip condition. However, this system does not consider the vibration phenomenon of actual bogie dynamics of electric commuter train. In order to extend the anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control to the actual bogie system considering the vibration phenomenon, this paper proposes a new anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control based on a new high order disturbance observer considering the first resonant frequency. The numerical simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed control system.
High‐Affinity Chelator Thiols for Switchable and Oriented Immobilization of Histidine‐Tagged Proteins: A Generic Platform for Protein Chip Technologies (2005)

Protein micro-/nanoarrays are becoming increasingly important in systematic approaches for the exploration of protein-protein interactions and dynamic protein networks, so there is a high demand for specific, generic, stable, uniform, and locally addressable protein immobilization on solid supports. Here we present multivalent metal-chelating thiols that are suitable for stable binding of histidine-tagged proteins on biocompatible self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The architectures and physicochemical properties of these SAMs have been probed by various surface-sensitive techniques such as contact angle goniometry, ellipsometry, and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. The specific molecular organization of proteins and protein complexes was demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance, confocal laser scanning, and atomic force microscopy. In contrast to the mono-NTA/His6 tag interaction, which has major drawbacks because of its low affinity and fast dissociation, drastically improved stability of protein binding by these multivalent chelator surfaces was observed. The immobilized histidine-tagged proteins are uniformly oriented and retain their function. At the same time, proteins can be removed from the chip surface under mild conditions (switchability). This new platform for switchable and oriented immobilization should assist proteome-wide wide analyses of protein-protein interactions as well as structural and single-molecule studies.
High-Throughput ECC with Integrated Chipkill Protection for Nonvolatile Memory Arrays (2021)

New coding schemes based on generalized concatenated codes are proposed for emerging nonvolative memory technologies. Key requirements are high code rate, low latency, high throughput and the ability to correct chipkill failures while sustaining high data reliability despite raw bit error rates up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . New concatenated codes based on Reed-Solomon codes have been designed for payload sizes of 512B, 1kB, and 2kB; they have high rates above 0.8 and a high data reliability with a decoder target BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> . An FPGA-based implementation of the decoder validates the low latency and high throughput: for an operating clock frequency of 250MHz, the decoding latency is 236ns and a 9.3GB/s throughput is achieved.
CCDC 869154: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2012)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Direct Observation Of The Proximity Effect In The N Layer In A Multi-Terminal SINIS Josephson Junction (2006)

It is found that the lateral conductivity of a thin N layer inside a multi‐terminal SINIS device (at temperatures down to 1.8 K) is dissipative with a small coherent contribution near zero voltage, which can be suppressed with a small parallel magnetic field; here S, I, and N denote a superconductor (Nb), an insulator (A10×), and a normal metal (A1) respectively. It is suggested that this contribution is due to the proximity effect through the tunnel barriers, involving the superconducting fluctuations in A1. At the same time, a high Josephson current can flow normal to the structure, which we propose is due to a direct Josephson coupling between the external S electrodes.
Visualizations for an Explainable Planning Agent (2017)

In this paper, we report on the visualization capabilities of an Explainable AI Planning (XAIP) agent that can support human in the loop decision making. Imposing transparency and explainability requirements on such agents is especially important in order to establish trust and common ground with the end-to-end automated planning system. Visualizing the agent's internal decision-making processes is a crucial step towards achieving this. This may include externalizing the "brain" of the agent -- starting from its sensory inputs, to progressively higher order decisions made by it in order to drive its planning components. We also show how the planner can bootstrap on the latest techniques in explainable planning to cast plan visualization as a plan explanation problem, and thus provide concise model-based visualization of its plans. We demonstrate these functionalities in the context of the automated planning components of a smart assistant in an instrumented meeting space.
<title>Watermark design for the Wiener attack and whitening filtered detection</title> (2002)

A well-known power spectrum condition (PSC) was derived for resisting the Wiener attack. The Wiener attack estimates the embedded watermark from a watermarked signal and subtracts it to disable the watermark detection. According to the PSC, the power spectral density of a watermark should be proportional to that of the original data since the watermark becomes difficult to estimate. However, PSC considers the correlation-based detection only and does not pay attention to whitening filtering before detection. In watermark detection problem, the host signal is considered as a noise and usually it has a colored power spectrum. Thus, by applying the whitening filter the watermark detection performance can be considerably improved. When using the whitening filter, if the power spectrum of watermark is like that of the original data, the gain of the whitening filter becomes one and there is little enhancement in detection performance. On the contrary, the watermark with different power spectral density from the original data can be removed by the Wiener attack, and the detection of the watermark becomes difficult. So this paper aims to design a watermark to improve the detection performance by satisfying apparently opposite conditions. The watermark optimized with calculus of variation method achieved the above objective in the experiment.
Modelling of bulk acoustic wave resonators for microwave filters (2008)

Modelling and development of high Q thin-film bulk acoustic wave (BAW) devices is a topic of research gaining attention due to good selectivity and steep transition band offered by these devices used for cellular applications. A preliminary survey of various modeling approaches of these devices and their validations are presented in this paper. So far two existing one dimensional (1D) models have been investigated and compared. The results obtained from the models show relatively good agreement with experimental data of the FBAR reported in the literature. The prime objective of this project is to investigate novel BAW resonators, to determine the essential physical parameters and to develop physics based model thereof suited for circuit applications.
Covert channels in privacy-preserving identification systems (2007)

We examine covert channels in privacy-enhanced mobile identification devices where the devices uniquely identify themselves to an authorized verifier. Such devices (e.g. RFID tags) are increasingly commonplace in hospitals and many other environments. For privacy, the device outputs used for identification should "appear random" to any entity other than the verifier, and should not allow physical tracking of device bearers. Worryingly, there already exist privacy breaches for some devices [28] that allow adversaries to physically track users. Ideally, such devices should allow anyone to publicly determine that the device outputs are covert-channel free (CCF); we say that such devices are CCF-checkable.
Periodicity and Evoked Responses in Motor Cortex (2010)

Spiking in primary motor cortex (MI) exhibits a characteristic beta frequency periodicity, but the functional relevance of this rhythmic firing is controversial. We simultaneously recorded multiple single units and local field potentials in MI in two monkeys (Macaca mulatta) during continuous, self-paced movements to serially presented targets. We find that the appearance of each new target evokes precisely timed spiking in MI at a characteristic latency but that the exact timing of this response varies depending on its relationship to the phase of the ongoing beta range oscillation. As a result of this interaction between evoked spiking and endogenous beta periodicity, we find that the amount of information about target location encoded in the spiking of MI neurons is not simply a function of elapsed time but depends also on oscillatory phase. Our results suggest that periodicity may be an important feature of the early stages of sensorimotor processing in the cortical motor system.
Optical Compensation Profiling in Direct-Gap Epitaxial Layers (1976)

The application of an optical method for the determination of the compensation in direct-gap semiconductors is demonstrated. The method is based on the analysis of the lineshape functions of optical transitions from the conduction band and from donor levels to shallow acceptor states. As an example, the evaluation of compensation profiles in Gallium Arsenide epitaxial layers is shown. A discussion is given of the comparison between the compensation data obtained from electrical and from optical measurements.
&#945;-Activated Cross Conjugated Cycloalkenone Systems in Organic Synthesis (2010)

Under catalysis with an appropriate Lewis acid, the intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition and intramolecular polyene cyclization of the α-activated cross conjugated cycloalkenone systems, possessing particularly increased dienophilicity/electrophilicity in the cross conjugated double bond, proceeded constantly with a high degree of stereochemical control, leading to a variety of synthetically useful molecules, which may serve as advanced intermediates towards many structurally challenging natural products, especially cisclerodane diterpenoids. Mechanistically, an additional conjugated double bond incorporated into the cycloalkenone core of the titled systems might contribute synergistically to the classical secondary orbital effects, thus significantly enhancing the endo-to-ketone addition. In addition, a tandem multiple -bond migration process, an enzymatic pathway prevalent in nature, was proposed to rationalize the formation of structurally unusual polyene-cyclization products occurring under standard chemical conditions. Keywords: Diels-Alder reaction, cross conjugated, cycloaddition, polyene cyclization, Lewis acids
A framework for the objective evaluation of segmentation algorithms using a ground-truth of human segmented 3D-models (2009)

International audience
Over 4100 protein identifications from a Xenopus laevis fertilized egg digest using reversed‐phase chromatographic prefractionation followed by capillary zone electrophoresis–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry analysis (2016)

A tryptic digest generated from Xenopus laevis fertilized embryos was fractionated by RPLC. One set of 30 fractions was analyzed by 100-min CZE-ESI-MS/MS separations (50 h total instrument time), and a second set of 15 fractions was analyzed by 3-h UPLC-ESI-MS/MS separations (45 h total instrument time). CZE-MS/MS produced 70% as many protein IDs (4134 versus 5787) and 60% as many peptide IDs (22 535 versus 36 848) as UPLC-MS/MS with similar instrument time (50 h versus 45 h) but with 50 times smaller total consumed sample amount (1.5 μg versus 75 μg). Surprisingly, CZE generated peaks that were 25% more intense than UPLC for peptides that were identified by both techniques, despite the 50-fold lower loading amount; this high sensitivity reflects the efficient ionization produced by the electrokinetically pumped nanospray interface used in CZE. This report is the first comparison of CZE-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS for large-scale eukaryotic proteomic analysis. The numbers of protein and peptide identifications produced by CZE-ESI-MS/MS approach those produced by UPLC-MS/MS, but with nearly two orders of magnitude lower sample amounts.