gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Room with a rear view. Meeting capture in a multimedia conference room (2000)

Using advances in audio and video technology, capturing meetings can be much more than recording slide presentations and videotaping speakers. The FX Palo Alto Laboratory combined notetaking software and behind-the-scenes network hardware to create an unobtrusive multimedia conference room that is capable of capturing a range of presentation styles.
Aggregation induced colour change for phosphorescent iridium(iii) complex-based anionic surfactants (2011)

We describe a new class of water soluble metallosurfactant molecules based on luminescent neutral iridium(III) complexes. The compounds possess an alkyl chain terminated with a negatively charged group, a sulphate. Due to their amphiphilic nature they assemble in aggregates in water and their photophysical properties, as well as the morphological characterization of the assemblies are presented. In particular, UV-Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy techniques have been employed towards the analysis of the assemblies in different media. Comparison with the single components shows that the aggregates have very different photophysical properties. Importantly, the change in colour upon self-assembly is a remarkable feature which could be used for the design of probes which can change properties in different environments.
Opening of oxirane rings by the conjugate base of pentacarbonyl(methoxymethylcarbene)chromium in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate: a general and improved synthesis of pentacarbonyl(2-oxacyclopentylidene)chromium compounds (1991)

A modified procedure for the synthesis of new pentacarbonyl(2-oxacyclopentylidene)chromium compounds is reported. Its application to optically pure epoxides allowed us to obtain the corresponding optically pure cyclic chromium carbene complexes. The oxidation of the (2-oxacyclopentylidene)pentacarbonyl-chromium compounds led to the corresponding substituted γ-butyrolactones. © 1991, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
GSNOR regulates cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation through protein S-nitrosylation (2021)

S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a denitrosylase enzyme responsible for reverting protein S-nitrosylation (SNO). In this issue, Salerno <i>et al.</i> <sup>[1]</sup> provide evidence that GSNOR deficiency - and thus elevated protein S-nitrosylation - accelerates cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). GSNOR inhibition (GSNOR<sup>-/-</sup> iPSCs) expedites the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes cardiomyocyte progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. These findings are consistent with emerging roles for protein S-nitrosylation in developmental biology (including cardiomyocyte development), aging/longevity, and cancer.
Angular accuracy improvement for industrial grade pedestal (2008)

This paper describes a way of upgrading a low-cost industrial grade pedestal, based on a direct drive motor and a geared resolver, to a high accuracy system. The upgraded pedestal could be utilized as a platform for a narrow field of view (FOV) optical surveillance unit. The pedestal angular position error is analyzed and experimentally evaluated. Then a method for compensating the major error sources is presented. It addresses the gear and resolver systematic errors. Proper choice of the gear is also discussed. Finally, actual results of the compensation algorithm integration into the servo loops, which yields an angular accuracy of less than 100 ¿Rad RMS, are presented.
Effect of Curing Temperature on Nano-Silver Paste Ink for Organic Thin-Film Transistors (2012)

Silver (Ag) metal electrode having 20 microm channel length was printed by reverse offset printing (ROP) using nano-silver paste ink for the source/drain of organic thin-film transistors (OTFT). Specific resistance and surface roughness of printed Ag electrodes with increasing curing temperature were investigated, and surface morphology and grain growth mechanism were systematically verified using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) in order to obtain an optimized ROP Ag electrode. The Ag electrode was applied to fabricate top-gate/bottom-contact poly(3-hexylthiophene) OTFT devices, which showed reproducible OTFT characteristics such as the field-effect mobility, threshold voltage, and an on/off-current ratio of -10(-3) cm2/Vs, 0.36 V, and -10(2), respectively.
Filamentous Forms of Bordetella avium: Culture Conditions and Pathogenicity (1992)

Difficulties in preparing suitable antigen for the microagglutination (MA) test led to the discovery of a filamentous form of Bordetella avium. Broth media high in nutrients, vigorous shaking, and incubation at 37 C appeared to promote the development of filamentous forms of the organism. Peptone broth did not induce the development of filamentous forms. Eleven different isolates having both smooth and rough colony types were tested and observed to form filaments of various lengths. Filamentous forms of B. avium hemagglutinated guinea pig erythrocytes were motile, had pili and flagella, and were stable up to the fourth or fifth passage in broth media, at which time a predominance of typical coccobacillus organisms were observed. Filamentous forms of B. avium originating from smooth-colony types were pathogenic in turkey poults, whereas the filamentous forms of B. avium originating from rough-colony types were not pathogenic.
Selective and controllable lateral photoelectrochemical etching of nonpolar and semipolar InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active regions (2015)

We demonstrate the selective and controllable undercut etching of the InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active regions of nonpolar and semipolar laser diode (LD) structures by photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching without external bias. The lateral etch rate ranged from ∼20 nm/min to ∼1.2 µm/min. Metal masks were used to define the undercut and to improve the PEC etch resolution by reducing the scattered light in the system, which contributes to degradation of the lateral etch resolution, as suggested by ray tracing simulations. This resulted in a light-exposed-area: masked-area etch selectivity of .
A novel technique for centering the femoral stem in primary total hip arthroplasty. (2014)

Careful surgical technique is a critical component of total hip arthroplasty. Femoral preparation and component positioning are vital to improving outcomes and preventing complications. Using the starting awl when preparing the femur aids in opening and centralizing the canal for sequential reaming or broaching. Although traditional techniques can lead to a deviation from midline, a novel technique allows the awl to center itself in the canal with little risk for cortical perforation. We evaluated 200 patients whose surgeries were performed by a single surgeon using the traditional technique (group 1) or a novel technique (group 2) and found a statistically significant difference in mean deviation from midline. In group 2, the mean deviation was 0.34°; in group 1, the mean deviation was 0.85°. Our novel technique provides a safe, easily reproducible approach to using the starter awl in femoral preparation.
Transparent Conducting CdO Thin Film Growth Using a Highly Volatile, Thermally and Air-Stable Cadmium Precursor (2001)

Highly conductive and highly textured transparent CdO films are grown from a new MOCVD precursor Cd(hfa)2(TMEDA) (see Figure), which is prepared via a straightforward aqueous route and shown to be a monomeric, volatile, air- and thermally stable source of cadmium. XRD analysis of deposited CdO films confirms an intense (200) reflection of cubic CdO, while EDX and EELS indicate carbon and fluorine contamination to be below detection limits.
Sensory feedback from the urethra evokes state‐dependent lower urinary tract reflexes in rat (2017)

Lower urinary tract reflexes are mediated by peripheral afferents from the bladder (primarily in the pelvic nerve) and the urethra (in the pudendal and pelvic nerves) to maintain continence or initiate micturition. If fluid enters the urethra at low bladder volumes, reflexes relax the bladder and evoke external urethral sphincter (EUS) contraction (guarding reflex) to maintain continence. Conversely, urethral flow at high bladder volumes, excites the bladder (micturition reflex) and relaxes the EUS (augmenting reflex). We conducted measurements in a urethane-anaesthetized in vivo rat preparation to characterize systematically the reflexes evoked by fluid flow through the urethra. We used a novel preparation to manipulate sensory feedback from the bladder and urethra independently by controlling bladder volume and urethral flow. We found a distinct bladder volume threshold (74% of bladder capacity) above which flow-evoked bladder contractions were 252% larger and evoked phasic EUS activation 2.6 times as often as responses below threshold, clearly demonstrating a discrete transition between continence (guarding) and micturition (augmenting) reflexes. Below this threshold urethral flow evoked tonic EUS activity, indicative of the guarding reflex, that was proportional to the urethral flow rate. These results demonstrate the complementary roles of sensory feedback from the bladder and urethra in regulating reflexes in the lower urinary tract that depend on the state of the bladder. Understanding the neural control of functional reflexes and how they are mediated by sensory information in the bladder and urethra will open new opportunities, especially in neuromodulation, to treat pathologies of the lower urinary tract.
Selective gene transfer to tumor cells by recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus via a bispecific fusion protein (2005)

Much interest exists presently in development of vectors for gene therapy of tumors based on RNA viruses because these viruses replicate in the cytoplasm and do not integrate into DNA. The negative stranded paramyxovirus, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) from chicken has the additional advantages of preferential replication in tumor cells and of oncolytic and immunostimulatory properties. We here describe the bispecific fusion protein alphaHN-IL-2 which binds to NDV, inhibits its normal cell binding property and introduces a new binding specificity for the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R). We demonstrate selective gene transfer to tumor cells expressing IL-2R via the bispecific fusion protein when using recombinant NDV carrying as marker gene the enhanced green fluorescence protein (NDFL-EGFP). Hemadsorption (HA) and neuraminidase activities (NA) of the HN protein of NDV were shown to be blocked by alphaHN-IL-2 simultaneously and the absence of HA-activity of modified NDV was confirmed in vivo. Retargeted virus-binding to IL-2R positive tumor cells was not sufficient for the process of cellular infection. It required in addition membrane fusion via the viral F-protein. By modification of recombinant NDV with a bispecific molecule, our results demonstrate a novel and safe strategy for selective gene transfer to targeted tumor cells.
How Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Opens the Spinal Gate for Itch (2019)

Spinal transmission of pruritoceptive (itch) signals requires transneuronal signaling by gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) produced by a subpopulation of dorsal horn excitatory interneurons. These neurons also express the glutamatergic marker vGluT2, raising the question of why glutamate alone is insufficient for spinal itch relay. Using optogenetics together with slice electrophysiology and mouse behavior, we demonstrate that baseline synaptic coupling between GRP and GRP receptor (GRPR) neurons is too weak for suprathreshold excitation. Only when we mimicked the endogenous firing of GRP neurons and stimulated them repetitively to fire bursts of action potentials did GRPR neurons depolarize progressively and become excitable by GRP neurons. GRPR but not glutamate receptor antagonism prevented this action. Provoking itch-like behavior by optogenetic activation of spinal GRP neurons required similar stimulation paradigms. These results establish a spinal gating mechanism for itch that requires sustained repetitive activity of presynaptic GRP neurons and postsynaptic GRP signaling to drive GRPR neuron output.
Comprehensive BCMA Expression Profiling in Adult Normal Human Brain Suggests a Low Risk of On-target Neurotoxicity in BCMA-targeting Multiple Myeloma Therapy (2022)

B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a target for the treatment of multiple myeloma with cytolytic therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cells or T-cell redirecting antibodies. To better understand the potential for "on-target/off-tumor" toxicity caused by BCMA-targeting cytolytic therapies in the brain, we investigated normal brain BCMA expression. An immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay using the E6D7B commercial monoclonal antibody was applied to 107 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain samples (cerebrum, basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem; 63 unique donors). Although immunoreactivity was observed in a small number of neurons in brain regions including the striatum, thalamus, midbrain, and medulla, this immunoreactivity was considered nonspecific and not reflective of BCMA expression because it was distinct from the membranous and Golgi-like pattern seen in positive control samples, was not replicated when a different IHC antibody (D6 clone) was used, and was not corroborated by in situ hybridization data. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data from 478 donors in the GTEx and Allen BrainSpan databases demonstrated low levels of BCMA RNA expression in the striatum of young donors with levels becoming negligible beyond 30 years of age. We concluded that BCMA protein is not present in normal adult human brain, and therefore on-target toxicity in the brain is unlikely.
MSE-Type Zeolites: A Promising Catalyst for the Conversion of Ethene to Propene (2016)

The direct conversion of ethene to propene (ETP) is a potentially important route for the selective production of the latter olefin. Here we report that after some time on stream, H-UZM-35, an MSE-type large-pore zeolite, shows much better propene yield than H-SSZ-13, the best catalyst for the ETP reaction thus far. The key to this improvement is the presence of large cylindrical cages in H-UZM-35 that allows the easy formation of isopropylnaphthalene-based reaction centers for ETP catalysis, while being relatively resistant to coke formation. Mild dealumination was found to further mitigate catalyst deactivation.
Abundant Accumulation of the Calcium-Binding Molecular Chaperone Calreticulin in Specific Floral Tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana (1997)

Calreticulin (CRT) is a calcium-binding protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with an established role as a molecular chaper-one. An additional function in signal transduction, specifically in calcium distribution, is suggested but not proven. We have analyzed the expression pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana CRTs for a comparison with these proposed roles. Three CRT genes were expressed, with identities of the encoded proteins ranging from 54 to 86%. Protein motifs with established functions found in CRTs of other species were conserved. CRT was found in all of the cells in low amounts, whereas three distinct floral tissues showed abundant expression: secreting nectaries, ovules early in development, and a set of subepidermal cells near the abaxial surface of the anther. Localization in the developing endosperm, which is characterized by high protein synthesis rates, can be reconciled with a specific chaperone function. Equally, nectar production and secretion, a developmental stage marked by abundant ER, may require abundant CRT to accommodate the traffic of secretory proteins through the ER. Localization of CRT in the anthers, which are degenerating at the time of maximum expression of CRT, cannot easily be reconciled with a chaperone function but may indicate a role for CRT in anther maturation or dehiscence.
Supplementary Figure 5 from DLL4-Notch Signaling Mediates Tumor Resistance to Anti-VEGF Therapy <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 4.04 MB, DLL4 downregulated the expression of VEGFR3 in human microvascular EC in vitro and in xenograft tumor in vivo. (A). The expression of VEGFR3 at a mRNA level was decreased in human micrcovascular EC (hMEC-1) cultured in vitro after the 24 hour stimulation by recombinant hDLL4 coated on plates, as revealed by qPCR. (B). The expression of mouse VEGFR3 at a protein level was decreased in tumor neovasculature of U87-DLL4 xenografts versus U87-EV xenografts. Mean � SE, N=5. **P&lt;0.01.&lt;/p&gt;
Proceedings of the Conference on High-Performance Graphics (2018)

We are pleased to present the papers program for High-Performance Graphics (HPG) 2018, the leading international forum for performance-oriented graphics and imaging systems research. This yearly conference includes innovative algorithms, efficient implementations, languages, compilers, parallelism, and hardware architectures for high-performance visual computing. Formed in 2009 with the merger of the Eurographics Workshop on Graphics Hardware and the IEEE Symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing, 2018 marks the tenth year of HPG's unique platform where industrial and academic research come together to advance the field of computer graphics.
In Reply: (2017)

Archer, David F. MD; Constantine, Ginger D. MD; Simon, James MD; Kushner, Harvey PhD; Mayer, Philip PhD; Bernick, Brian MD; Graham, Shelli PhD; Mirkin, Sebastian MD Author Information
Correction: ERP Correlates of Proactive and Reactive Cognitive Control in Treatment-Naïve Adult ADHD (2016)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159833.].
Fretting and Electrical Contact Resistance Characteristics of Carbon Nanoparticle-Coated Cu Electrical Contacts (2022)

Fretting wear is a phenomenon that can severely affect the duty life and efficiency of electrical contacts. To reduce its effect, the contacting sites are lubricated; however, these are usually detrimental to the electrical characteristics of the system. Therefore, in this work we propose carbon nanoparticle coatings. Carbon black, graphite flakes, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotube coatings were produced via electrophoretic deposition over copper surfaces. These coatings have the potential to act as solid lubricants – thus minimizing the damage incurred on the connector by fretting – while also having a minor effect on the conductivity of the substrate. To evaluate the lubricity of the coatings and their impact on the electrical conductivity of the system, fretting tests and electrical contact resistance measurements were carried out. The coatings and the fretting marks were morphologically and chemically characterized by electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Furthermore, the worn area of the fretting marks was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The worn and oxidized areas of the coated samples were smaller than those of the copper reference after 50,000 fretting cycles – excluding the graphite coatings. For prolonged fretting cycles the resistance of all coated samples fell below that of the uncoated reference, highlighting their advantage.
Phase-distortion suppression in nonlinear cavities with gain (1992)

Effective suppression of phase distortions, similar to the phenomenon of optical phase conjugation, can occur in passive nonlinear cavities. By controlling the wave front inside the cavity, one can alter the spatial characteristics of the output radiation to form light fields with various structures.
Vectors and genes for improvement of animal strains. (1990)

Strain improvement of agriculturally important animals will require efficient techniques for gene delivery, the ability to regulate the expression of the newly introduced genes and, most important, the identification of genes whose appropriate expression could cause improvement of the animal. We have developed a series of avian retroviral vectors that can be used to introduce new genetic information into the germ line of chickens, for which transgenics cannot be created by direct microinjection of DNA into fertilized eggs. We have identified a 220-bp segment of the chicken skeletal muscle alpha-actin gene that can cause other genes to be expressed specifically in striated muscle. This chicken promoter shows correct tissue specificity in transgenic mice and presumably could be used in other mammalian species. The skeletal muscle alpha-actin promoter has been inserted into the avian retroviral vectors and the promoter is functional in cultured cells infected by these retroviral vectors. The tissue specificity of the expression of the skeletal muscle alpha-actin promoter carried by the retroviral vectors will soon be tested in vivo. We are studying two types of genes that might be useful in strain improvement; genes that could produce dominant resistance to infection by pathogenic viruses, and genes that could play critical roles in muscle development. Expression of the envelope glycoprotein of retroviruses can specifically block the cellular receptor that viruses use to infect a susceptible cell. Expression of the avian leukosis virus subgroup A envelope in transgenic chickens prevents infection by pathogenic viruses of the same subgroup. We are attempting to block reticuloendotheliosis virus infection by expressing the reticuloendotheliosis envelope glycoprotein. We have shown that we can block infection in cultured cells, and we are now creating retroviral vectors for experiments in vivo. We have also begun to study the cellular homologue of the ski oncogene, which has been shown to stimulate the differentiation of quail myoblasts in vitro. Biologically active cDNAs have been isolated; we have now begun to analyse the effects of expressing the c-ski proteins in the whole animal.
Unexpected origins of the enhanced pairing affinity of 2′-fluoro-modified RNA (2010)

Various chemical modifications are currently being evaluated for improving the efficacy of short interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes as antisense agents for gene silencing in vivo. Among the 2'-ribose modifications assessed to date, 2'deoxy-2'-fluoro-RNA (2'-F-RNA) has unique properties for RNA interference (RNAi) applications. Thus, 2'-F-modified nucleotides are well tolerated in the guide (antisense) and passenger (sense) siRNA strands and the corresponding duplexes lack immunostimulatory effects, enhance nuclease resistance and display improved efficacy in vitro and in vivo compared with unmodified siRNAs. To identify potential origins of the distinct behaviors of RNA and 2'-F-RNA we carried out thermodynamic and X-ray crystallographic analyses of fully and partially 2'-F-modified RNAs. Surprisingly, we found that the increased pairing affinity of 2'-F-RNA relative to RNA is not, as commonly assumed, the result of a favorable entropic contribution ('conformational preorganization'), but instead primarily based on enthalpy. Crystal structures at high resolution and osmotic stress demonstrate that the 2'-F-RNA duplex is less hydrated than the RNA duplex. The enthalpy-driven, higher stability of the former hints at the possibility that the 2'-substituent, in addition to its important function in sculpting RNA conformation, plays an underappreciated role in modulating Watson-Crick base pairing strength and potentially π-π stacking interactions.