gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learned Dynamics of Electrothermally-Actuated Soft Robot Limbs Using LSTM Neural Networks. (2021)

Modeling the dynamics of soft robot limbs with electrothermal actuators is generally challenging due to thermal and mechanical hysteresis and the complex physical interactions that can arise during robot operation. This article proposes a neural network based on long short-term memory (LSTM) to address these challenges in actuator modeling. A planar soft limb, actuated by a pair of shape memory alloy (SMA) coils and containing embedded sensors for temperature and angular deflection, is used as a test platform. Data from this robot are used to train LSTM neural networks, using different combinations of sensor data, to model both unidirectional (one SMA) and bidirectional (both SMAs) motion. Open-loop rollout results show that the learned model is able to predict motions over extraordinarily long open-loop timescales (10 minutes) with little drift. Prediction errors are on the order of the soft deflection sensor's accuracy, even when using only the actuator's pulse width modulation inputs for learning. These LSTM models can be used in-situ, without extensive sensing, helping to bring soft electrothermally-actuated robots into practical application.
Immunogenicity of COVID-eVax Is Moderately Impacted by Temperature and Molecular Isoforms (2022)

Abstract DNA integrity is a key issue in gene therapy and genetic vaccine approaches based on plasmid DNA. In contrast to messenger RNA that requires a controlled cold chain for efficacy, DNA molecules are considered to be more stable. In this study, we challenged this concept by characterizing the immunological response induced by a plasmid DNA vaccine delivered using electroporation. As a model, we used COVID-eVax, which is a plasmid DNA vaccine that targets the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Increased nicked DNA was produced by using either an accelerated stability protocol or a lyophilization protocol. Surprisingly, the immune response induced in vivo was only minimally affected by the percentage of open circular DNA. This result suggests that plasmid DNA vaccines, such as COVID-eVax that has completed a phase I clinical trial, retain their efficacy upon storage at higher temperatures and this feature may facilitate their use in low-/middle-income countries.
Volumetric breast density measurement for personalized screening: accuracy, reproducibility, consistency, and agreement with visual assessment (2019)

Assessment of breast density at the point of mammographic examination could lead to optimized breast cancer screening pathways. The onsite breast density information may offer guidance of when to recommend supplemental imaging for women in a screening program. A software application (Insight BD, Siemens Healthcare GmbH) for fast onsite quantification of volumetric breast density is evaluated. The accuracy of the method is assessed using breast tissue equivalent phantom experiments resulting in a mean absolute error of 3.84%. Reproducibility of measurement results is analyzed using 8427 exams in total, comparing for each exam (if available) the densities determined from left and right views, from cranio-caudal and medio-lateral oblique views, from full-field digital mammograms (FFDM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) data and from two subsequent exams of the same breast. Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.937, 0.926, 0.950, and 0.995 are obtained. Consistency of the results is demonstrated by evaluating the dependency of the breast density on women's age. Furthermore, the agreement between breast density categories computed by the software with those determined visually by 32 radiologists is shown by an overall percentage agreement of 69.5% for FFDM and by 64.6% for DBT data. These results demonstrate that the software delivers accurate, reproducible, and consistent measurements that agree well with the visual assessment of breast density by radiologists.
Biosensors engineered from conditionally stable ligand-binding domains (2023)

Disclosed is a biosensor engineered to conditionally respond to the presence of specific small molecules, the biosensors including conditionally stable ligand-binding domains (LBDs) which respond to the presence of specific small molecules, wherein readout of binding is provided by reporter genes or transcription factors (TFs) fused to the LBDs.
Efficiencies and System Temperature for a Beamforming Array (2008)

For an active beamforming array, standard definitions for efficiencies and system temperature are not available. We use noise considerations to generalize the single-antenna conventions for aperture efficiency, spillover efficiency, radiation efficiency, and system temperature to arrays. The treatment leads to a new noise matching efficiency that quantifies the effect of mutual coupling on amplifier noise. Numerical results for a phased array feed indicate that the noise increase caused by mutual coupling can be significant.
Machine Learning-Based Single Cell and Integrative Analysis Reveals That Baseline mDC Predisposition Correlates With Hepatitis B Vaccine Antibody Response (2021)

Vaccination to prevent infectious disease is one of the most successful public health interventions ever developed. And yet, variability in individual vaccine effectiveness suggests that a better mechanistic understanding of vaccine-induced immune responses could improve vaccine design and efficacy. We have previously shown that protective antibody levels could be elicited in a subset of recipients with only a single dose of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine and that a wide range of antibody levels were elicited after three doses. The immune mechanisms responsible for this vaccine response variability is unclear. Using single cell RNA sequencing of sorted innate immune cell subsets, we identified two distinct myeloid dendritic cell subsets (NDRG1-expressing mDC2 and CDKN1C-expressing mDC4), the ratio of which at baseline (pre-vaccination) correlated with the immune response to a single dose of HBV vaccine. Our results suggest that the participants in our vaccine study were in one of two different dendritic cell dispositional states at baseline - an NDRG2-mDC2 state in which the vaccine elicited an antibody response after a single immunization or a CDKN1C-mDC4 state in which the vaccine required two or three doses for induction of antibody responses. To explore this correlation further, genes expressed in these mDC subsets were used for feature selection prior to the construction of predictive models using supervised canonical correlation machine learning. The resulting models showed an improved correlation with serum antibody titers in response to full vaccination. Taken together, these results suggest that the propensity of circulating dendritic cells toward either activation or suppression, their "dispositional endotype" at pre-vaccination baseline, could dictate response to vaccination.
Re-emergence of Vibrio tubiashii in bivalve shellfish aquaculture: severity, environmental drivers, geographic extent and management (2008)

, we documented the re-emergence of severe episodes of vibriosis caused by Vibrio tubiashii in shellfish hatcheries on the west coast of North America. Lost larval and juvenile production included 3 previously undescribed hosts, Pacific (Crassostrea gigas) and Kumamoto (C. sikamea) oysters and geoduck clams Panope abrupta, with a 2007 decline in larval oyster production of ~59% in one hatchery. Losses of larval and juvenile bivalves were linked to V. tubiashii blooms in the coastal environment, which were associated with the apparent mixing of unusually warm surface seawater and intermittently upwelled cooler, nutrient-and Vibrio spp.enriched seawater. The ocean temperature elevation anomaly in 2007 was not clearly linked to an El Nio event, as was a similar episode in 1998. Concentrations of the dominant shellfish-pathogenic vibrios were as high as 1.6 10 5 cfu ml -1 in the cold, upwelled water. The bacteria possessed the genes coding for a protease and hemolysin described for V. tubiashii, and pathogenic isolates secreted these peptides. Lesions resulting from a classic invasive disease and a toxigenic noninvasive disease occurred in oyster and geoduck clam larvae. Management and prevention require reduction of incoming concentrations of the bacteria, reduction of contamination in water and air supplies and in stock chemical solutions, removal of bacterial toxins, and interruption of the cycle of bacterial amplification in the hatchery and in microalgal food supplies.
342: Relationship Between Overactive Bladder (OAB) and Sexual Activity in Women (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 9, 2004, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2004342: Relationship Between Overactive Bladder (OAB) and Sexual Activity in Women Ankur Patel, Tracy W. Cannon, Margie O’Leary, Macrina Xavier, Janet Erickson, Wendy Leng, Danielle Sweeney, Michael B. Chancellor, Subodh Patel, and Diane Borello-France Ankur PatelAnkur Patel More articles by this author , Tracy W. CannonTracy W. Cannon More articles by this author , Margie O’LearyMargie O’Leary More articles by this author , Macrina XavierMacrina Xavier More articles by this author , Janet EricksonJanet Erickson More articles by this author , Wendy LengWendy Leng More articles by this author , Danielle SweeneyDanielle Sweeney More articles by this author , Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author , Subodh PatelSubodh Patel More articles by this author , and Diane Borello-FranceDiane Borello-France More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)37604-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "342: Relationship Between Overactive Bladder (OAB) and Sexual Activity in Women." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 90 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 90 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Ankur Patel More articles by this author Tracy W. Cannon More articles by this author Margie O’Leary More articles by this author Macrina Xavier More articles by this author Janet Erickson More articles by this author Wendy Leng More articles by this author Danielle Sweeney More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author Subodh Patel More articles by this author Diane Borello-France More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Rational Design of [13C,D14]Tert‐butylbenzene as a Scaffold Structure for Designing Long‐lived Hyperpolarized 13C Probes (2017)

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a technique to polarize the nuclear spin population. As a result of the hyperpolarization, the NMR sensitivity of the nuclei in molecules can be dramatically enhanced. Recent application of the hyperpolarization technique has led to advances in biochemical and molecular studies. A major problem is the short lifetime of the polarized nuclear spin state. Generally, in solution, the polarized nuclear spin state decays to a thermal spin equilibrium, resulting in loss of the enhanced NMR signal. This decay is correlated directly with the spin-lattice relaxation time T<sub>1</sub> . Here we report [<sup>13</sup> C,D<sub>14</sub> ]tert-butylbenzene as a new scaffold structure for designing hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup> C probes. Thanks to the minimized spin-lattice relaxation (T<sub>1</sub> ) pathways, its water-soluble derivative showed a remarkably long <sup>13</sup> C T<sub>1</sub> value and long retention of the hyperpolarized spin state.
Synthesis of novel 4,5-diphenylthiazole derivatives as potential acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase inhibitors. (1999)

Several novel N-(4,5-diphenylthiazol-2-yl)-N'-aryl or alkyl (thio)ureas and N-(4,5-diphenylthiazol-2-yl)alkanamides were prepared as potential acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors. Synthesis was accomplished by reaction of 2-amino-4,5-diphenylthiazole with the suitable isocyanate, isothiocyanate or acyl chloride. Some analogues without the 5-phenyl substituent or both the phenyl groups in 4 and 5 position of the thiazole ring were also prepared. Moreover, some bioisosters of the title compounds in which the thiazole ring was replaced by an imidazole were synthesized starting from the 2-amino-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole. The ability of synthesized compounds to inhibit ACAT was evaluated in vitro by measuring the formation of cholesteryl[14C]oleate from cholesterol and [1-14C]oleoyl-CoA in rat liver microsomes. Among the tested compounds, only some thiazole ureas were able to inhibit ACAT in a reasonable degree. N-(4,5-diphenylthiazol-2-yl)- N'-[2,6-bis(2-methylethyl)phenyl] urea (11) and N-(4,5-diphenylthiazol-2-yl)-N'-n-butyl urea (16) were the most active compounds in the series showing IC50 values in the low micromolar range.
Katalytische Dehydrierung von Cyclohexen an SiO2‐überschichteten Platin‐Katalysatoren (1987)

Vergiftungsresistente Edelmetall‐Katalysatoren herzustellen ist eine mögliche Perspektive folgender Befunde: Cyclohexen läßt sich an SiO 2 /Pt/Si‐Schicht‐katalysatoren (unten schematisch skizziert) in Gegenwart von H 2 zu Benzol und Cyclohexan umsetzen – genauso wie an Pt/Si‐Katalysatoren, lediglich die Aktivität ist um den Faktor 100 geringer. Zwischen 0 und 30 nm SiO 2 ‐Deckschichtdicke sinkt die Aktivität exponentiell, danach bleibt sie bis 2200 nm konstant. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, daß nicht die Übergangsmetalloberfläche, sondern „aktiver Wasserstoff”︁ (Wasserstoffatome) die katalytisch aktive Spezies ist. magnified image
Detection of protein conformational changes with a nanogap biosensor (2005)

We demonstrate for the first time the detection of a conformational change in protein structure using a nanogap biosensor. Understanding the relationship between protein structure and function is paramount to unlocking life's processes on a molecular scale, and it is important to develop efficient measurement tools necessary to record these relationships. We have developed a unique nanoscale electrode-based biosensor that uses dielectric spectroscopy to interrogate samples inside a nanoscale gap, and we have shown that this biosensor is sensitive enough to record the conformational changes of a well known protein.
Interchromosomal Insertional Translocation at Xq26.3 AltersSOX3Expression in an Individual With XX Male Sex Reversal (2015)

This is the first demonstration of altered SOX3 expression in an individual with XX male sex reversal and suggests that SOX3 can substitute for SRY to initiate male development in humans.
Fundamental limits to the optical response of lossy media (2015)

At visible and infrared frequencies, metals show tantalizing promise for strong subwavelength resonances, but material loss typically dampens the response. We derive fundamental limits to the optical response of lossy media, bounding the largest enhancements possible given intrinsic material losses. Through basic conservation-of-energy principles, we derive limits to per-volume absorption and scattering rates, and to local-density-of-states enhancements that represent the power radiated or expended by a dipole near a material body. We provide examples of structures that approach our limits, and also specific frequency ranges at which common structures fall orders of magnitudes short. Underlying the limits is a simple metric, $|\chi|^2 / \operatorname{Im} \chi$ for a material with susceptibility $\chi$, that enables broad technological evaluation of lossy media across optical frequencies.
Portable Chemical Detection Technology With Ultra-low False Alarms. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
1965-P: Glucagon Receptor Agonism Stimulates Body Weight Loss in Antibiotic Treatment in Obese Mice (2019)

Glucagon, an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, also promotes weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Glucagon’s role as a primary counterregulatory hormone to insulin action has long received scientific attention, yet its broader therapeutic potential is an evolving research interest. We reported that chronic glucagon receptor (GCGR) activation increased energy expenditure and plasma bile acids (BA) in an farnesoid X receptor (FXR) dependent manner. Glucagon stimulates the conversion of cholesterol to BAs, with an increase in cholic and chenodeoxycholate species, critical regulators of FXR activity. Gut microbiota are known to alter the chemical structure of bile acids to produce secondary and tertiary BA. Thus, in these studies we tested the hypothesis that GCGR agonism regulates the gut microbiome to alter circulating BAs and stimulate FXR. GCGR agonism stimulated a profound change in the gut microbiome of DIO mice. These changes were largely associated with an increase in Actinobacteria and a decrease in Deferribacteria phylums. Assessment of functional microbiome composition via PICRUSt uncovered significant impacts on 130 out of 160 total KEGG pathways, including those involved in BA synthesis. To investigate the role of the gut microbiome on GCGR-stimulated weight loss we treated DIO mice with an antibiotic (AB) cocktail (ampicillin, vancomycin, metronidazole, neomycin, and amphotericin B) or vehicle. Mice were then treated with the GCGR agonist, IUB288, or vehicle for 14d to stimulate weight-loss. Surprisingly, AB-treated mice lost a similar amount of body-weight when treated with IUB288, suggesting that the gut microbiome may be dispensable for the weight loss effect. However, post hoc analysis of the cecal microbiome identified only a partial ablation of microbiota in AB-treated mice, with unexpected increases in Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. Thus, it is possible that GCGR-agonism acts via one of the resistant microbes to regulate weight loss. Disclosure T. Kim: None. J.P. Antipenko: None. S. Nason: None. N. Presedo: None. W.J. Van Der Pol: None. B. Finan: Employee; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. R. DiMarchi: Employee; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. C.D. Morrow: None. K.M. Habegger: Consultant; Self; Glyscend, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc. Research Support; Self; Glyscend, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Glyscend, Inc. Funding National Institutes of Health
Genomic organization of the. alpha. subunit of human complement C8 (1991)

Human C8 is one of five terminal complement components (C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9) that interact to form the cytolytic C5b-9 complex. It is composed of three nonidentical subunits ({alpha}, {beta}, {gamma}) which are encoded in separate genes. C8{alpha} and C8{beta} are homologous to each other and to C6, C7 and C9. All share common structural motifs that include cysteine-rich thrombospondin, LDL receptor and epidermal growth factor-like segments as well as potential membrane interacting domains. At the genomic level, only C9 has been characterized thus far and was found to contain eleven exons spanning >90 kb. Correlation between exon boundaries and the above structural motifs in C9 was found to be limited. To further define evolutionary relationships amongst the terminal components and facilitate molecular studies of hereditary C8 deficiencies, the authors isolated and characterized the human C8{alpha} gene. Results revealed that C8{alpha} is also composed of eleven exons that span > 70kb. As in C9, several large introns separate exon clusters. Furthermore, exon lengths and boundaries correlate well with those in C9, indicating a close ancestral relationship between the two genes.
Rethink Physical Security: Protecting Vehicles via Battery-Enabled Sensing and Control [Point of View] (2023)

Cyberization is the foundation of vehicle electrification and automation, requiring the deployment of ever-increasing on-board sensing, communication, and computing services. However, vehicle cyberization also introduces new cyber vulnerabilities. In this article, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of using the common 12/24V automotive batteries as sensors and actuators to provide vehicles with three-pronged physical security protection: driver authentication, vehicle access control, and vehicle intrusion detection.
A Masked AES ASIC Implementation (2004)

Introduced in 1999, differential power-analysis (DPA) attacks pose a serious threat for cryptographic devices. Several countermeasures have been proposed during the last years. However, none of them leads to implementations that are provably resistant against DPA. A promising class of DPA countermeasures is masking. In this article we discuss implementations of three existing masking schemes for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). We present an ASIC that has been implemented and manufactured. This test chip is used to investigate the countermeasures in practice. With this test chip we have also determined the costs of masking in terms of area and execution time. Compared to an unmasked AES implementation the best masking scheme shows a performance loss about 40-50%. To the best of the authors knowledge it is the first ASIC that implements masking for AES. 1.
Closed-loop transmit diversity for FDD WCDMA systems (2002)

Transmit diversity techniques provide attractive solutions for increasing the downlink capacity in 3G systems within low-mobility environments. Open-loop and closed-loop transmit diversity modes with two transmit antennas have already been included into 3GPP WCDMA Release 4, and at the moment schemes exploiting a larger number of transmit antennas are being developed. System capacity can be increased from that of open-loop modes if the transmitter is equipped with additional side information of the downlink channel. In an FDD system this means that the receiver has to provide the information through some feedback mechanism. We give a general algorithm by which it is possible to design a large variety of different closed-loop schemes depending on the feedback capacity of the system. The quantization of the transmit weights can be reduced to an eigenvalue problem by using linear functions of order statistics of the underlying probability distribution. This provides a simple analytical tool for the design of feedback algorithms. Furthermore, we provide analytical results for the transmit weights in the case of single-path Rayleigh fading channels.
Does Variation in thein VitroCellular Radiosensitivity Explain the Shallow Clinical Dose—control Curve for Malignant Melanoma? (1990)

SummaryIn radiotherapy, clinical dose—control curves are generally more shallow than what should be expected from in vitro dose—survival curves for human cells of the same histology. One possible explanation is that a considerable inter-tumor heterogeneity in radiosensitivity flattens out the presumably steep individual dose—control curves. This paper compares dose—control curves for malignant melanomas derived from clinical data with curves derived from in vitro cell-survival experiments. Although inter-tumour variability in the in vitro dose and fractionation sensitivity may explain parts of the discrepancy between the steepness of clinical and in vitro dose—control curves, the present calculation indicates that a considerable additional variability, undetected by current in vitro assays, must be assumed to exist in order to resolve the discrepancy.