gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in fiber laser welding (2018)

Fibre lasers are innovative tools in the welder's hands.The continuous development of fibre lasers combined with newly developed welding techniques enable the performance of technological tasks extremely difficult or even impossible to carry out using conventional technological lasers and conventional welding techniques, e.g. the welding of precise elements made of copper, dissimilar materials, thin metal foils or the joining of imprecisely made or matched elements.The article presents the laser welding process involving the use of a dynamically inclined laser beam and discusses its advantages when welding copper, aluminium alloys and plastics.In addition, the article describes the technique of integrated process monitoring referred to as inline coherent imaging (ICI), enabling the improvement of welded joint quality.
Microprocessor Recruitment to Elongating RNA Polymerase II Is Required for Differential Expression of MicroRNAs (2017)

The cellular abundance of mature microRNAs (miRNAs) is dictated by the efficiency of nuclear processing of primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) into pre-miRNA intermediates. The Microprocessor complex of Drosha and DGCR8 carries this out, but it has been unclear what controls Microprocessor's differential processing of various pri-miRNAs. Here, we show that Drosophila DGCR8 (Pasha) directly associates with the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase II elongation complex when it is phosphorylated by the Cdk9 kinase (pTEFb). When association is blocked by loss of Cdk9 activity, a global change in pri-miRNA processing is detected. Processing of pri-miRNAs with a UGU sequence motif in their apical junction domain increases, while processing of pri-miRNAs lacking this motif decreases. Therefore, phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II recruits Microprocessor for co-transcriptional processing of non-UGU pri-miRNAs that would otherwise be poorly processed. In contrast, UGU-positive pri-miRNAs are robustly processed by Microprocessor independent of RNA polymerase association.
Modeling and Minimizing Variations of Gate-All-Around Multiple-Channel Nanowire TFTs (2017)

Although polysilicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) are attracting much attention for their use in active-matrix liquid crystal displays, fine-grain structures in the channel can affect their carrier transport and device performance. The authors show that a gate-all-around (GAA) poly-silicon (Si) nanowire (NW) TFT exhibited excellent gate controllability because the GAA structure enhanced the electric field. They investigate the performance of GAA NW TFTs featuring multiple gate configurations. The authors compare the tri-gate and GAA structures and studied the impact of multiple channels to further reduce the fluctuations in device performance. They modulate the variations in threshold voltage and subthreshold swing were effectively. The authors explore the Poisson area scatter model to estimate the impact of statistical grain boundary distribution on TFT characteristics. This model has never been adopted to model poly-Si GAA TFTs featuring multiple NW channels, especially for devices with a grain size and channel diameter in the same order of magnitude.
A method for evaluating aberration in the crossover image in mask irradiation optics of electron beam (2002)

A method for evaluating aberration in the crossover image in a cell projection lithography system has been developed. In an electron-beam lithography system of projection-type such as a cell projection lithography system, the aberration in the crossover image causes the electron beam to pass off-axis in the electron optics. Optical simulation has quantitatively shown that the aberration in the crossover image causes an electron-beam blur and a positioning error on a writing sample. The evaluating method consists of four square apertures and a mark-detection function in a cell projection system. By measuring each position of the images of the four square apertures on the writing sample at difference focuses, the aberration can be calculated. The field curvature and the astigmatism in a cell projection system were evaluated by using this method. The field curvature agrees with the simulation. In addition, the measurement of the effect of beam alignment is also demonstrated. It is thus concluded that the method can effectively evaluate the aberration in the crossover image. This method is also useful for other projection-type lithographies of charged particles—like ion and electron beams.
Statistical mechanics of interfering links (2005)

We consider the statistical mechanics of interfering transmissions in a wireless communications protocol. In this case, a connection between two nodes requires all other nodes within communication distance of the given two nodes to remain quiet on the given channel. This leads to an interesting problem of dimers on a lattice, with a restriction that no two dimers can overlap or be nearest neighbors. We consider both an equilibrium and a nonequilibrium, "greedy" dynamics for the links; the equilibrium properties of the model are found to exhibit an interesting spin-glass transition at maximum density on certain lattices, while the greedy construction is related to the problem of random sequential adsorption.
Adiponectin promotes endothelial progenitor cell number and function (2008)

Obesity-linked diseases are associated with suppressed endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived protein that is downregulated in obese and diabetic subjects. Here, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on EPCs. EPC levels did not increase in adiponectin deficient (APN-KO) in response to hindlimb ischemia. Adenovirus-mediated delivery of adiponectin increased EPC levels in both WT and APN-KO mice. Incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with adiponectin led to an increase of the number of EPCs. Adiponectin induced EPC differentiation into network structures and served as a chemoattractant in EPC migration assays. These data suggest that hypoadiponectinemia may contribute to the depression of EPC levels that are observed in patients with obesity-related cardiovascular disorders.
The CD11/CD18 granulocyte adhesion molecules in myelodysplastic syndromes (1993)

We have evaluated the function of granulocytes in 14 patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We also evaluated the functional and immunochemical activities of five monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive with the CD11/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules of granulocytes. Granulocytes showed a decrease in chemotaxis (P < 0.001) and in aggregation (P < 0.01) using various agents as a stimulus. Cytofluorimetric and immunoenzymatic assays with alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) analysis showed decreased expression of the CD11b/CD18 receptor detected by OKM1 (P < 0.001). Despite LFA-1 and-CD11a/CD18 was expressed in normal amounts. The studies of upregulation of granulocytes CD11b/CD18 and image analysis of immunochemical preparation (APAAP) demonstrated decreased expression of CD11b/CD18 in granulocytes from MDS compared to controls (P < 0.001). We conclude that granulocyte dysfunction in MDS may be correlated with decreased expression of surface CD11b/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules or their structural modification.
A New Computational Image Sensor with Programmable Spatially Variant Multiresolution Readout Capability. (2000)

This paper presents a new image sensor with programmable multiresol~~tion rearlout capability. The proposed image sensor can o11tp11t data at varying resolutions. Differing to our previollsly reported spatially variant snnlpling sensor which sub-samples witho ~ filtering[l], ~ t in the m~lltiresollltion sensor, 11locks of the pixels are averaged and read out then, the new sensor does not suffer from alia5ing effects. The resolution can be controlled by varying the block size. We made a prototype of 64 x 64 pixels and examined the programn~toragehle resol~~tion. 1
High fill factor and thermal stability of bilayer organic photovoltaic cells with an inverted structure (2015)

In this study, we fabricated planar heterojunction photovoltaic cells with inverted device structures based on tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene and fullerene-70 (C70). With proper designs of device architecture and selection of electrode buffers, a high fill factor and power conversion efficiency were obtained due to large shunt resistance (Rsh) and efficient carrier collection. Optical simulation reveals that field-dependent recombination is depressed in the inverted structure cells because of less light absorption in short wavelength range, resulting in high fill factor. More importantly, high thermal stability of inverted structure cells was demonstrated via utilizing stable electrode buffers.
Screening layouts for high-numerical aperture and polarization effects using pattern matching (2005)

A pattern matching method for quickly estimating the extent to which high-NA and polarization vector effects reduce image quality in projection printing is derived and evaluated for prototypical layout patterns. The angular rotation of the in-incidence plane TM electric field component produces two unwanted effects. It reduces the collinear addition of electric fields at the location of the peak image intensity and, more importantly, it also introduces an electric field component perpendicular to the image plane that acts like stray light. While these imaging effects can be simulated rigorously, the challenge is to quickly screen an entire layout to identify the small subset of regions that must be analyzed more carefully. The approach developed mathematically and evaluated in this paper consists of finding a set of local theoretical patterns having the maximum lateral impact at a reference point. Pattern matching is then used to find areas in a layout that resemble these maximum lateral test functions by scanning them over the entire chip layout. Vulnerability scores, representing linear sensitivity to either high-NA effects or to perturbations of illumination polarization state, are determined for each location from a weighted combination of match factors (the degree of similarity to each pattern). These effects are important as intensity changes of over 40% and 10% can occur with NA and polarization, respectively, even in simple layouts.
In Situ Strain Measurement in Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries (2018)

Volumetric changes due to repeated lithiation and delithiation are a significant source of electrode degradation and capacity fade in rechargeable batteries. Measurement of such volumetric changes and their resultant electro-chemo-mechanical strains and stresses have previously been investigated in conventional liquid-electrolyte Li-ion batteries. In the present study, we propose to extend the current knowledge and measurement techniques into the area of all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. Due to the presence of inherent property mismatch as well as confinements imposed at the interfaces between the electrodes and solid electrolyte, solid-state battery components are more prone to interfacial damage and. In this work, novel experimental approaches are designed to facilitate in-situ strain measurements on solid electrolytes (SE), electrodes and SE/electrode interface. Digital image correlation (DIC) is utilized to enable full-field strain measurements.
Adaptive Spill-Receive for robust high-performance caching in CMPs (2009)

In a chip multi-processor (CMP) with private caches, the last level cache is statically partitioned between all the cores. This prevents such CMPs from sharing cache capacity in response to the requirement of individual cores. Capacity sharing can be provided in private caches by spilling a line evicted from one cache to another cache. However, naively allowing all caches to spill evicted lines to other caches have limited performance benefit as such spilling does not take into account which cores benefit from extra capacity and which cores can provide extra capacity. This paper proposes dynamic spill-receive (DSR) for efficient capacity sharing. In a DSR architecture, each cache uses set dueling to learn whether it should act as a ldquospiller cacherdquo or ldquoreceiver cacherdquo for best overall performance. We evaluate DSR for a quad-core system with 1MB private caches using 495 multi-programmed workloads. DSR improves average throughput by 18% (weighted-speedup by 13% and harmonic-mean fairness metric by 36%) compared to no spilling. DSR requires a total storage overhead of less than two bytes per core, does not require any changes to the existing cache structure, and is scalable to a large number of cores (16 in our evaluation). Furthermore, we propose a simple extension of DSR that provides quality of service (QoS) by guaranteeing that the worst-case performance of each application remains similar to that with no spilling, while still providing an average throughput improvement of 17.5%.
Monolithic 0.85-μm mode-locked semiconductor laser arrays (1991)

Mode-locked semiconductor lasers have produced ultra-short pulses in external cavity configurations by both active and passive methods. Recently, progress has been made 1–3 in combining all of the required components into a single monolithic mode-locked device. These devices operated at repetition rates above 15 GHz at 1.3 μm and 1.55 μm wavelengths. Formany applications such as electrooptic sampling, A/D converters, and OTDRs, lower repetition rates are usually necessary. The devices studied in this work have a repetition rate of 5.5 GHz at a lasting wavelength of 0.85 μm.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis â€˜PB6â€™ (ATCC - PTA 6737) on Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Animal Models (2007)

The administration of probiotic bacteria is emerging as a potential means of preventing the onset or recurrence of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) and of attenuating inflammatory activity and preventing relapses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis âPB6â (ATCC â PTA 6737) in a hamster model of antibiotic-induced CDAD and in a rat model of IBD. CDAD was induced in male Golden Syrian hamsters using C. difficile and clindamycin. These hamsters received either nothing or, by gavage, vancomycin (5 days) or PB6 (low, middle and high dose, 6 days). Diarrhea, body weight loss and mortality were observed in all groups in which CDAD was induced. Intensity of diarrhea and body weight loss was least in the groups treated with vancomycin or with the highest dose of PB6. At the end of the treatment period, vancomycin and the highest dose of PB6 were equally efficient in preventing mortality in this hamster model of CDAD. No adverse effects of PB6 treatment were observed in healthy animals. In male Wistar rats, colitis was induced using a single intrarectal administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Treatments consisted of PB6 (low, middle and high dose), Saccharomyces boulardii, mesalazine, infliximab, or no treatment. A possible benefit of the prophylactic use of PB6 was also tested. At the end of the treatment period significant differences in body weight gain, in colon inflammatory edema and in gross morphology of the colon intestinal lining were observed between groups. The groups treated with high dose PB6 could not be distincted from the colitis-free negative control group nor from the group treated with mesalazine. The data presented are suggestive of possible therapeutic effectiveness of PB6 in CDAD and IBD in humans.
GaN-on-diamond electronic device reliability: Mechanical and thermo-mechanical integrity (2015)

The mechanical and thermo-mechanical integrity of GaN-on-diamond wafers used for ultra-high power microwave electronic devices was studied using a micro-pillar based in situ mechanical testing approach combined with an optical investigation of the stress and heat transfer across interfaces. We find the GaN/diamond interface to be thermo-mechanically stable, illustrating the potential for this material for reliable GaN electronic devices.
Error control for wireless progressive video transmission (2003)

We present and compare several video transmission systems with various feedback and coding strategies for wireless real-time transmission. A channel coding system based on high-memory convolutional codes (CCs) is deployed which aims at delaying the first error within a progressively coded data frame as far as possible. A low-rate feedback channel is introduced to communicate the number of error-free received bits to the transmitter or to request additional redundancy. Thus, drift problems are avoided, since video encoder and decoder predict from identical reference frames. Several video communication systems based on forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) methods are presented and compared. Experimental results are provided. The benefits of the proposed combination of unequal error protection (UEP) or ARQ systems with progressively coded sources and network feedback are highlighted.
A neural network approach to broadcast scheduling in multi-hop radio networks (2002)

The problem of scheduling interference-free transmissions with maximum throughput in a multi-hop radio network is NP-complete. The computational complexity becomes intractable as the network size increases. In this paper, the scheduling is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. An efficient neural network approach, namely, mean field annealing, is applied to obtain optimal transmission schedules. Numerical examples show that this method is capable of finding an interference-free schedule with (almost) optimal throughput.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
All-Optical Reconfigurable Metamaterial Employing the Self-Assembly of CdTe Quantum Dots (2020)

Positively and negatively charged polyelectrolytes, namely, Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and Poly(styrene sulfonate), respectively, were employed to disperse and deploy negatively charged quantum dots on an otherwise passive metamaterial structure with a resonant frequency of 0.62 THz, by employing a layer-by-layer, self-assembly scheme. Upon exposure to a UV source with a wavelength of 365 nm the amplitude modulation was observed to increase with increases in the number of deposited bi-layers, until a modulation maximum of 2.68% was recorded enabling an all-optical, dynamically reconfigurable metamaterial geometry. Furthermore, amplitude modulation was subsequently observed to decrease with further increases in the number of layers employed due to quenching and shadowing effects. The experimental observations reported herein will enable the utilization of all-optical reconfigurable THz devices for communication and data transmission applications.
HET-SOFAST NMR for fast detection of structural compactness and heterogeneity along polypeptide chains (2006)

Structure elucidation of proteins by either NMR or X-ray crystallography often requires the screening of a large number of samples for promising protein constructs and optimum solution conditions. For large-scale screening of protein samples in solution, robust methods are needed that allow a rapid assessment of the folding of a polypeptide under diverse sample conditions. Here we present HET-SOFAST NMR, a highly sensitive new method for semi-quantitative characterization of the structural compactness and heterogeneity of polypeptide chains in solution. On the basis of one-dimensional 1H HET-SOFAST NMR data, obtained on well-folded, molten globular, partially- and completely unfolded proteins, we define empirical thresholds that can be used as quantitative benchmarks for protein compactness. For 15N-enriched protein samples, two-dimensional 1H-15N HET-SOFAST correlation spectra provide site-specific information about the structural heterogeneity along the polypeptide chain.
Long-term survival after coronary bypass surgery with multiple versus single arterial grafts (2021)

SYNTAXES ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT03417050; SYNTAX ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT00114972.
Tunable Magnetic Properties of (Gd,Ce)2O2S Oxysulfide Nanoparticles (2019)

Nanoparticles with strong paramagnetic responses are of prime interest for advanced MRI imaging. To replace expensive and toxic Gd complexes, Gd‐based nanoparticles have emerged as a viable solution for efficient and harmless MRI contrast agents. Gadolinium oxysulfide nanoparticles could represent suitable candidates for MRI imaging and bimodal imaging thanks to their excellent properties as host matrix and chemical stability, but their magnetic properties at the nanoscale have been hitherto poorly investigated especially in the case of ultrafine nanoparticles (&lt; 10 nm), where surface effects and ligands can significantly affect the magnetic behavior. In the present work, we synthesized and characterized bimetallic (Gd,Ce) 2 O 2 S nanoparticles and demonstrated that they are paramagnetic over a wide temperature range including the body one. The mixture of Gd and Ce magnetic centers enables a fine control of the magnetic properties up to high Ce concentrations (80 %) and over a large range of magnetic moments, while photoemission properties are guaranteed up to 20 % of Ce owing to a regular dispersion of the Ce centers. The present study on bimetallic oxysulfide nanoparticles with high concentrations of two lanthanides shows that (Gd,Ce) 2 O 2 S nanoparticles are viable candidates as tunable nanoscale agents for bimodal imaging.
TKA After Clamshell Osteotomy for Femoral Diaphyseal Malunion (2012)

Proper component positioning is essential for successful total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Femoral component positioning presents a technical challenge when significant femoral deformity is present. Most commonly, an intramedullary guide is used to make an accurate distal femoral cut. However, in the presence of a significant femoral deformity, this is not a viable option.The use of clamshell osteotomy to restore anatomic alignment in patients with complex femoral diaphyseal deformity is described in the literature. This article describes a case of a patient who underwent staged TKA after clamshell osteotomy and retrograde femoral nailing to correct femoral diaphyseal malunion. The retrograde intramedullary nail was retained and used as an intramedullary guide, allowing for TKA in a routine manner. Using an intramedullary nail as an alignment guide may be more accurate than using extramedullary alignment and may avoid the increased surgical time and potential pin-site stress risers of navigation. It is a simple, effective way to treat complicated diaphyseal femoral deformities in the face of posttraumatic knee arthritis. Further study of this technique with longer follow-up and multiple surgeons is necessary to validate this treatment algorithm.
Efficient Thermal Modeling of Optical Disk Recording (1996)

In order to accurately predict mark shapes on recordable optical disks so that write strategies can be more effectively evaluated and optimized, a model for the temperature distribution is required that takes into account heat flow. Thermal modeling is especially important for high-density recording since heat flow effects become more important as mark densities increase. In a few special cases, it is possible to obtain analytical solutions for the temperature in terms of known functions [1-5]. However, for most situations of practical interest, these solutions are not appropriate and some numerical work is required. A precise determination of mark shapes is then time consuming whether one uses semi-analytical solutions that are in integral form [6-12] or purely numerical methods, such as finite differences [13-16] or finite elements [17,18].
ChemInform Abstract: Absorption of Supersonically Expanded Cyclopentadiene in the Vacuum‐ Ultraviolet Region. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.