gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOMODULATORY FUNCTION OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HYALURONATE DELAYS ALLOGRAFT REJECTION AND IMPROVES SURVIVAL IN A RAT ACUTE KIDNEY REJECTION MODEL (1998)

517 CD44 is an important T cell surface proteoglycan that mediates diverse T-cell functions including adhesion, homing, migration, activation and signal transduction. Its ligands include collagen, fibrinogen and hyaluronate (HA). Since HA can inhibit lymphocyte adhesion and transmigration in vitro, we assessed its immunomodulatory effects in the WF to LEW rat model of acute kidney allograft rejection. Male WF donor kidney was transplanted orthotopically into a male LEW recipient after receiving a unilateral nephrectomy on day 0. Contralateral nephrectomy of the naive kidney was performed on day 5. Renal allograft rejection was defined as death due to uremia. Graft survival was estimated using a Kaplan Meier survival plot. Serum creatinine was measured on day 5 and day 30 in the control and experimental group as an index of allograft function. Control animals received either no treatment (n=4) or a low dose regimen of CsA alone (1 mg/day s.c.) for 5 days from the day of transplantation (n=13). Experimental animals received CsA(1mg/day, s.c.) in combination with HA (100µg/day, i.p.) for 5 days(n=19). The mean survival of the no-treatment control group was 15±0.9 days while the CsA treated group rejected their graft at 21±4.8 days(mean ± SD). FigureCombined HA+CsA treatment resulted in a significant prolongation of graft survival (mean survival 52.7±7.6 days) compared to animals receiving CsA alone. HA treatment alone (day 0-5) did not prolong graft survival (mean 7.5±0.64 days) (n=4). In both CsA and CsA+HA treated group serum creatinine measurements on day 7 were consistently low (0.56±01 1mg/dl vs. 0.85±0.36mg/dl). On day 30, however, the HA+CsA group had a significantly lower serum creatinine as compared to the CsA alone group(1.38±0.8mg/ml vs. 2.9±0.55mg/ml) (p<0.05). In additional experiments animals treated with either CsA alone or combined CsA and HA were harvested on day 7 in order to investigate renal allograft morphology using a modified BANFF scoring system. Each sample was assessed by an independent renal pathologist in a blinded fashion. The CsA group (n=3) had a mean score of 1.66±0.57 whereas in the HA+CsA group two renal allografts showed borderline changes according to BANFF and the third renal allograft showed a normal allograft morphology without any signs of allograft rejection. In conclusion, addition of short term low molecular HA treatment to a low dose CsA regimen significantly improved renal allograft survival in the rodent model of acute allograft rejection. Mechanisms of action include stimulation or blockade of the CD44 receptor, altered migration and adhesion behavior. Further work is required to elucidate the importance of the interaction of low molecular HA in mediating the inhibitory effect on the immune response.
Successful Implementation of Real-Time Look-Ahead Resistivity Measurements in the North Sea (2018)

Abstract In this case study, we present the use of a new look-ahead resistivity technology to solve a challenge on the Valemon field where the top of the reservoir could not be mapped from surface seismic. The objective was to extend the overburden section deep enough to secure sufficient formation strength at the casing shoe while eliminating the risk of accidental drilling into the reservoir below. The application of the new technology secured standard casing design, and eliminated the extra time and costs associated with implementation of the managed pressure drilling technique. The target was to extend the 12 ¼-in overburden section 10-15m TVD into the Viking Group, as this formation generally provides sufficient formation strength for the 9 7/8-in casing shoe to enable conventional drilling of the following reservoir section. As there was a risk that the Viking Group could be absent or very thin in this area of the Valemon field, the look ahead measurement was used to monitor the formations ahead of the bit while drilling. Detection of higher resistivity ahead of the bit indicating an approaching reservoir would enable stopping prior to drilling into it. No reservoir response was detected ahead of the bit, and this enabled a safe extension of the 12 ¼-in section into the Viking Group as per the objective.
Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardance of pultruded fiber-reinforced poly(ethylene oxide)-toughened novolak-type phenolic resin (1998)

The mechanical properties (flexural modulus, static tensile strength, notched Izod impact strength), miscibility, thermal stability, and flame retardance of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-toughened phenolic resin glass pultruded composite were investigated. The mechanical properties of a pultruded glass fiber-reinforced modified phenolic resin composite increased while the soft segment of PEO absorbs the loads in the network of brittle phenolic resin. The phenolic/PEO blend is completely miscible, from the results of differential scanning calorimetry. Its thermal degradation temperature is always higher than 370°C and decreased with increasing PEO content. The morphology of the interface between the fiber and matrix is well wetted-out with increasing PEO content from the result with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The modified phenolic composite also shows excellent flame retardance that is UL-94, V-0, and the limited oxygen index is more than 55. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1129–1136, 1998
Consumption of the Fish Oil High-Fat Diet Uncouples Obesity and Mammary Tumor Growth through Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species in Protumor Macrophages (2020)

Obesity is associated with increased risk of many types of cancer and can be induced by various high-fat diets (HFD) from different fat sources. It remains unknown whether fatty acid composition in different HFD influences obesity-associated tumor development. Here we report that consumption of either a cocoa butter or fish oil HFD induced similar obesity in mouse models. While obesity induced by the cocoa butter HFD was associated with accelerated mammary tumor growth, consumption of the fish oil HFD uncoupled obesity from increased mammary tumor growth and exhibited a decrease in protumor macrophages. Compared with fatty acid (FA) components in both HFDs, n-3 FA rich in the fish oil HFD induced significant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and macrophage death. Moreover, A-FABP expression in the protumor macrophages facilitated intracellular transportation of n-3 FA and oxidation of mitochondrial FA. A-FABP deficiency diminished n-3 FA-mediated ROS production and macrophage death <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Together, our results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which n-3 FA induce ROS-mediated protumor macrophage death in an A-FABP-dependent manner. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides mechanistic insight into dietary supplementation with fish oil for breast cancer prevention and advances a new concept that not all HFDs leading to obesity are tumorigenic. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/12/2564/F1.large.jpg.
5'-terminal structure of poliovirus polyribosomal RNA is pUp. (1976)

Poliovirus RNA purified from virus-specific polyribosomes does not contain m7G in a 5'-5'-pyrophosphate linkage at its 5'-end. The only potential 5'-end found in ribonuclease digests of this RNA is pUp, which is present in a yield of 1 mole/mole of poliovirus RNA. We conclude that a 5'-terminal m7G is not required for translation of at least one RNA species in animal cells.
PF-3845, a Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor, Directly Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis through ERK and NF-κB Pathways In Vitro and Alveolar Bone Loss In Vivo (2021)

Alveolar bone loss, the major feature of periodontitis, results from the activation of osteoclasts, which can consequently cause teeth to become loose and fall out; the development of drugs capable of suppressing excessive osteoclast differentiation and function is beneficial for periodontal disease patients. Given the difficulties associated with drug discovery, drug repurposing is an efficient approach for identifying alternative uses of commercially available compounds. Here, we examined the effects of PF-3845, a selective fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis, its function, and the therapeutic potential for the treatment of alveolar bone destruction in experimental periodontitis. PF-3845 significantly suppressed osteoclast differentiation and decreased the induction of nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and the expression of osteoclast-specific markers. Actin ring formation and osteoclastic bone resorption were also reduced by PF-3845, and the anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-resorptive activities were mediated by the suppression of phosphorylation of rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase, (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor (IκBα). Furthermore, the administration of PF-3845 decreased the number of osteoclasts and the amount of alveolar bone destruction caused by ligature placement in experimental periodontitis in vivo. The present study provides evidence that PF-3845 is able to suppress osteoclastogenesis and prevent alveolar bone loss, and may give new insights into its role as a treatment for osteoclast-related diseases.
Nanoboxes with a porous MnO core and amorphous TiO2 shell as a mediator for lithium–sulfur batteries (2021)

Nanoboxes with a porous MnO core and amorphous TiO<sub>2</sub> shell have been synthesized <italic>via</italic> a wet-chemistry method for the first time.
In-Situ Wettability Evaluation of Dynamic Water Flooding of Carbonate Rocks Based on NMR-T2 Distribution (2017)

Abstract Recovery mechanism due to brine injection (Dynamic Water, Low Salinity, etc.) in carbonate remains a point of discussion and widely open for research. As wettability alteration is heavily suggested as the main driver for recovery, this study focuses on the in-situ evaluation of wettability alteration due to multiple successive dynamic water flooding of carbonate cores plugs. Five different core flooding with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) T2 monitoring were performed on three different carbonate core plugs. These plugs were fully characterized in terms of petrophysical parameters and petrography. NMR T2 measurements were performed throughout the core flooding experiment including the heat up, brine injection, soaking and cooling down. Initial results on two samples that are of similar T2 distribution showed relatively different irreducible water saturation (10.7 and 14.9 %) after centrifugation and an NMR T2 inverted wettability after ageing of (-0.15 and -0.04). in the first case, the core was flooded with Gulf sea water. NMR showed clear trend towards increasing water wetness as a result of subjecting the cores with soaking periods, this accompanied with a clear additional recovery following the soaking. In the second case, the core was flooded with Gulf sea water followed by 10 times diluted sea water. Despite a high similarity with the previous core plug, recovery with sea water flooding alone resulted in 57% recovery without further recovery when the other brines were injected. In this case, where most of the effects seems to be happening during the first flooding, NMR, consistently with the production data, did not detect any clear wettability change during the soaking periods. The results clearly indicate, for the first time, an in-situ wettability alteration due to Dynamic Water injection as demonstrated by NMR T2 distribution analysis.
Nitrogen modification of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films (1997)

The effect of nitrogen addition on the structural and electronic properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films has been characterized in terms of its composition, sp3 bonding fraction, infrared and Raman spectra, optical band gap, conductivity, and paramagnetic defect. The variation of conductivity with nitrogen content suggests that N acts as a weak donor, with the conductivity first decreasing and then increasing as the Fermi level moves up in the band gap. Compensated behavior is found at about 7 at. % N, for the deposition conditions used here, where a number of properties show extreme behavior. The paramagnetic defect density and the Urbach tailwidth are each found to decrease with increasing N content. It is unusual to find alloy additions decreasing disorder in this manner.
The independent lifestyle assistant™ (I.L.S.A.): AI lessons learned (2004)

I.L.S.A.) is an agentbased monitoring and support system to help elderly people to live longer in their homes by reducing caregiver burden.
Precise outage analysis of mixed RF/unified-FSO DF relaying with HD and 2 IM-DD channel models (2017)

This paper derives and analyzes the outage probability of mixed radio frequency (RF)/unified free space optical (FSO) dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relaying scheme, where heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation-direct detection (IM-DD) are considered for FSO detection. In doing that, we correctly utilize, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a precise channel capacity result for the IM-DD channel. Moreover, this is the first time that not only the (IM-DD input-independent) but also the (IM-DD cost-dependent) AWGN channel is considered in such system analysis. This work assumes that the first hop (RF link) follows Naka-gami-m fading, while the second hop (FSO link) follows Málaga (M) turbulence with pointing error. These fading and turbulence models include other ones (such as Rayleigh fading and Gamma-Gamma turbulence) as special cases, so our analysis can be considered as a generalized one from both RF and FSO fading models point of view. Additionally, the system outage probability is investigated asymptotically in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, where a new non-reported diversity order and coding gain analysis are shown. Interestingly, we find that in the FSO hop, based on SNR, the HD or IM-DD cost-dependent results in a same diversity order which is twice the one of IM-DD input-independent. However, based on transmitted power all these FSO detectors result in a same diversity order. Furthermore, we offer simulation results which confirm the derived exact and asymptotic expressions.
High-quality Laser Welding of Stainless Steels(Laser processing) (2005)

In recent years, demands for the precise welding with laser are increasing with aim at the high precision and high quality. Especially, for the welding of corner section, quality of the product appearance includes chamfering of edges and round-finish of materials are also prioritized besides the welding strength. However there have been only a few examinations about the comparison of various laser welding. This paper presents the welding characteristics of the YAG laser and the CO_2 laser of stainless steel, and reports the results of examinations for the quality improvement of the round-finish welding.
Effect of Shock Wave–Facilitated Intracoronary Cell Therapy on LVEF in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (2013)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00326989.
The Campylobacter jejuni Oxidative Stress Regulator RrpB Is Associated with a Genomic Hypervariable Region and Altered Oxidative Stress Resistance (2016)

<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhoeal disease worldwide. Despite the microaerophilic nature of the bacterium, <i>C. jejuni</i> can survive the atmospheric oxygen conditions in the environment. Bacteria that can survive either within a host or in the environment like <i>C. jejuni</i> require variable responses to survive the stresses associated with exposure to different levels of reactive oxygen species. The MarR-type transcriptional regulators RrpA and RrpB have recently been shown to play a role in controlling both the <i>C. jejuni</i> oxidative and aerobic stress responses. Analysis of 3,746 <i>C. jejuni</i> and 486 <i>C. coli</i> genome sequences showed that whilst <i>rrpA</i> is present in over 99% of <i>C. jejuni</i> strains, the presence of <i>rrpB</i> is restricted and appears to correlate with specific MLST clonal complexes (predominantly ST-21 and ST-61). <i>C. coli</i> strains in contrast lack both <i>rrpA</i> and <i>rrpB</i>. In <i>C. jejuni rrpB</i><sup>+</sup> strains, the <i>rrpB</i> gene is located within a variable genomic region containing the IF subtype of the type I Restriction-Modification (<i>hsd</i>) system, whilst this variable genomic region in <i>C. jejuni rrpB</i><sup>-</sup> strains contains the IAB subtype <i>hsd</i> system and not the <i>rrpB</i> gene. <i>C. jejuni rrpB</i><sup>-</sup> strains exhibit greater resistance to peroxide and aerobic stress than <i>C. jejuni rrpB</i><sup>+</sup> strains. Inactivation of <i>rrpA</i> resulted in increased sensitivity to peroxide stress in <i>rrpB</i><sup>+</sup> strains, but not in <i>rrpB</i><sup>-</sup> strains. Mutation of <i>rrpA</i> resulted in reduced killing of <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae and enhanced biofilm formation independent of <i>rrpB</i> status. The oxidative and aerobic stress responses of <i>rrpB</i><sup>-</sup> and <i>rrpB</i><sup>+</sup> strains suggest adaptation of <i>C. jejuni</i> within different hosts and niches that can be linked to specific MLST clonal complexes.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Tissues and Axillary Lymph Nodes (1983)

We have utilized proton T1 (spin-lattice relaxation time) values of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to study 110 tissue samples obtained from 11 mastectomy specimens. Samples of 1 cm3 from primary tumor sites, nipples, and other breast quadrants, as well as intact lymph nodes were studied and then histologically scored for the presence or absence of carcinoma and, if present, whether it was an isolated microscopic focus (micro). Of 54 samples of breast tissue, 12 contained carcinoma, 5 micro: of 45 lymph nodes, 15 contained metastatic carcinoma, 2 micro; of the 11 nipples, 2 had carcinoma, both micro. For the malignant samples (excluding micro) mean T1 value was 0.47 +/- 0.07 sec, (range 0.39-0.79 sec). For the 72 benign samples (excluding nipple) mean T1 value was 0.26 +/- 0.03 sec (range 0.14-0.36 sec). The 13 tumor-bearing nodes had a mean T1 value of 0.47 +/- 0.03 sec (range 0.40-0.63 sec); mean for the benign nodes was 0.26 +/- 0.007 sec (range 0.19-0.35 sec). The differences were highly significant in each case (p less than 0.001). For micro examples, T1 values were at malignancy threshold levels or just below, except for nipple tissues, where discrimination was poor. For the 20 other malignant samples, there was no correlation between T1 value and the per cent of sample containing malignancy.
Time Series Analysis and Mining Techniques (2005)

A time series is a sequence of data values that are recorded with equal or varying time intervals. Time series data usually includes timestamps that indicate the time at which each individual value in the times series is recorded. Time series data is usually transmitted in the form of a data stream, i.e., continuous flow of data values. Source of time series data can be any system that measures and records data values over the course of time. Some examples of time series data may be recorded from stock values, blood pressure of a patient, temperature of a room, amount of a product in the inventory, and amount of precipitation in a region. Proper analysis and mining of time series data may yield valuable knowledge about the underlying characteristics of the data source. Time series analysis and mining has applications in many domains, such as financial, biomedical, and meteorological applications, because time series data may be generated by various sources in different domains.
Balancing yield, kinetics and cost for three external carbon sources used for suspended growth post-denitrification (2009)

Facilities across North America are designing plants to meet stringent limit of technology (LOT) treatment for nitrogen removal. In the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, this is in response to the Chesapeake Bay Agreement, which limit effluent total nitrogen discharges from wastewater treatment plants to between 3-5 mg/L. Since denitrification is crucial for the removal of nitrogen, maximizing this process step will result in a decrease in nutrient load to the receiving waters. Of particular interest is the use of an alternate external carbon source to replace the most commonly used carbon, methanol. Three external carbon sources were evaluated in this study including: methanol, ethanol and acetate at 13 degrees C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative benefits and constraints for using these three carbon types. Laboratory scale Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) were set up to grow and acclimate carbon free biomass to the specified substrate while in-situ Specific Denitrification Rates (SDNRs) were conducted concurrently. The results suggest that the SDNRs for acetate (31.0 + or - 4.6 mgNO(3)-N/gVSS/hr) and ethanol (29.6 + or - 5.6 mgNO(3)-N/gVSS/hr) are higher than that for methanol (10.1 + or - 2.5 mgNO(3)-N/gVSS/hr). The yield coefficients in g COD/g COD were observed to follow a similar trend with values of 0.45 + or - 0.05 for methanol, 0.53 + or - 0.06 for ethanol and 0.66 + or - 0.06 for acetate.
Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Post-Ugi Transformations (2007)

The Ugi reaction is one of the most prominent multiple component coupling reactions (MCRs) due to the large number of applications it has found in organic synthesis.In this review we summarize recent advances in the field of Ugi-post condensation reactions covering the literature for the past two years.The Ugi multicomponent reaction was discovered about half a century ago by Ivar Ugi 1 and has become, along with its numerous variations, one of the most prominent reactions in organic synthesis.In its
Biodistribution of a labeled monoclonal antibody to B lymphocytes (1985)

This study was performed to assess the radiobiologic kinetics of a labeled monoclonal antibody to B lymphocytes with the aim of evaluating it for imaging tumor distribution in B cell lymphoma. The antibody to a B1 antigen shared by non-human primates and man was doubly labeled with I-125 and I-131. Two rhesus monkeys weighing 7.0 and 8.4 kg were infused with the labeled antibody. One animal (A) received 0.l4 mg antibody/kg body weight and the other (B) was infused with 2.0 mg/kg. Serial blood samples were obtained over a 6 day period, urine was collected over a 1 week period and axillary lymph nodes from the monkey receiving 2.0 mg/kg were excised at 2 and 6 days. The thyroid uptake of free iodine was blocked with KI in the drinking water. The major component of the blood disappearance curve had a T 1/2 of about 27H in A and 24H in B. The proportion of B lymphocytes to total cellular population of the spleen is low. The ready visualization of the label in the spleen indicates that the use of labeled monoclonal antibody to B1 should be a very sensitive method for detection of sites of involvement in B cellmore » lymphomas.« less