gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure multi-party communication with quantum key distribution managed by trusted authority (2023)

Techniques and tools for implementing protocols for secure multi-party communication after quantum key distribution (&quot;QKD&quot;) are described herein. In example implementations, a trusted authority facilitates secure communication between multiple user devices. The trusted authority distributes different quantum keys by QKD under trust relationships with different users. The trusted authority determines combination keys using the quantum keys and makes the combination keys available for distribution (e.g., for non-secret distribution over a public channel). The combination keys facilitate secure communication between two user devices even in the absence of QKD between the two user devices. With the protocols, benefits of QKD are extended to multi-party communication scenarios. In addition, the protocols can retain benefit of QKD even when a trusted authority is offline or a large group seeks to establish secure communication within the group.
Coated Particles Fuel Compact-General Purpose Heat Source for Advanced Radioisotope Power Systems (2003)

Coated Particles Fuel Compacts (CPFC) have recently been shown to offer performance advantage for use in Radioisotope Heater Units (RHUs) and design flexibility for integrating at high thermal efficiency with Stirling Engine converters, currently being considered for 100 We. Advanced Radioisotope Power Systems (ARPS). The particles in the compact consist of 238PuO2 fuel kernels with 5‐μm thick PyC inner coating and a strong ZrC outer coating, whose thickness depends on the maximum fuel temperature during reentry, the fuel kernel diameter, and the fraction of helium gas released from the kernels and fully contained by the ZrC coating. In addition to containing the helium generated by radioactive decay of 238Pu for up to 10 years before launch and 10–15 years mission lifetime, the kernels are intentionally sized (⩾ 300 μm in diameter) to prevent any adverse radiological effects on reentry. This paper investigates the advantage of replacing the four iridium‐clad 238PuO2 fuel pellets, the two floating graphite membranes, and the two graphite impact shells in current State‐Of‐The‐Art (SOA) General Purpose Heat Source (GPHS) with CPFC. The total mass, thermal power, and specific power of the CPFC‐GPHS are calculated as functions of the helium release fraction from the fuel kernels and maximum fuel temperature during reentry from 1500 K to 2400 K. For the same total mass and volume as SOA GPHS, the generated thermal power by single‐size particles CPFC‐GPHS is 260 W at Beginning‐Of‐Mission (BOM), versus 231 W for the GPHS. For an additional 10% increase in total mass, the CPFC‐GPHS could generate 340 W BOM; 48% higher than SOA GPHS. The corresponding specific thermal power is 214 W/kg, versus 160 W/kg for SOA GPHS; a 34% increase. Therefore, for the same thermal power, the CPFC‐GPHS is lighter than SOA GPHS, while it uses the same amount of 238PuO2 fuel and same aeroshell. For the same helium release fraction and fuel temperature, binary‐size particles CPFC‐GPHS could provide ∼ 5 % higher specific thermal power, but at ∼ 12% higher mass than single‐size particles CPFC‐GPHS.
The influence of π-conjugated moieties on the thermodynamics of cooperatively self-assembling tricarboxamides (2013)

A detailed investigation of the self-assembly behaviour of C3-symmetrical tricarboxamides reveals that a larger π-conjugated core does not increase the stability of assemblies in an apolar solvent but makes the system more sensitive to destabilization by addition of a good solvent.
EventGuard (2011)

Publish-subscribe (pub-sub) is an emerging paradigm for building a large number of distributed systems. A wide area pub-sub system is usually implemented on an overlay network infrastructure to enable information dissemination from publishers to subscribers. Using an open overlay network raises several security concerns such as: confidentiality and integrity, authentication, authorization and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. In this article we present EventGuard, a framework for building secure wide-area pub-sub systems. The EventGuard architecture is comprised of three key components: (1) a suite of security guards that can be seamlessly plugged-into a content-based pub-sub system, (2) a scalable key management algorithm to enforce access control on subscribers, and (3) a resilient pub-sub network design that is capable of scalable routing, handling message dropping-based DoS attacks, and node failures. The design of EventGuard mechanisms aims at providing security guarantees while maintaining the system’s overall simplicity, scalability, and performance metrics. We describe an implementation of the EventGuard pub-sub system to show that EventGuard is easily stackable on any content-based pub-sub core. We present detailed experimental results that quantify the overhead of the EventGuard pub-sub system and demonstrate its resilience against various attacks.
X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography for monitoring the behavior of single particles under tensile strain (2020)

X-ray computed tomography was used to evaluate single particles that were artificially deposited in a polyethylene matrix, after interrupted tensile tests. Therefore, the prepared specimens were loaded from strain 0% to strain 30% with the CT500 Deben tension/compression in-situ stage (Deben, UK). Single particles and emerged defects were detected, characterised and assessed using VG Studio MAX 3.2. Within this work, different kinds and shapes of particles and defects were investigated. The elongation was measured and stress over strain curves were calculated. The shape of the particles has an impact on the defect formation. Spherical particles tend to be pulled out of the matrix while non spherical particles tend to rupture.
MicroRNA expression and function in prostate cancer: a review of current knowledge and opportunities for discovery (2016)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-conserved noncoding RNAs that broadly regulate gene expression through posttranscriptional silencing of coding genes. Dysregulated miRNA expression in prostate and other cancers implicates their role in cancer biology. Moreover, functional studies provide support for the contribution of miRNAs to several key pathways in cancer initiation and progression. Comparative analyses of miRNA gene expression between malignant and nonmalignant prostate tissues, healthy controls and prostate cancer (PCa) patients, as well as less aggressive versus more aggressive disease indicate that miRNAs may be future diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in tumor tissue, blood, or urine. Further, miRNAs may be future therapeutics or therapeutic targets. In this review, we examine the miRNAs most commonly observed to be de-regulated in PCa gene expression analyses and review the potential contribution of these miRNAs to important pathways in PCa initiation and progression.
Measurement System of Bubbly Flow Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profile Monitor and Video Data Processing Unit. (1996)

The authors have been developing a measurement system for bubbly flow in order to clarify its multi-dimensional flow characteristics and to offer a data base to validate numerical codes for multi-dimensional two-phase flow. In this paper, the measurement system combining an ultrasonic velocity profile monitor with a video data processing unit is proposed, which can measure simultaneously velocity profiles in both gas and liquid phases, a void fraction profile for bubbly flow in a channel, and an average bubble diameter and void fraction. Furthermore, the proposed measurement system is applied to measure flow characteristics of a bubbly countercurrent flow in a vertical rectangular channel to verify its capability.
Distributed Power Sources for Mars Colonization (2003)

One of the fundamental needs for Mars colonization is an abundant source of energy. The total energy system will probably use a mixture of sources based on solar energy, fuel cells, and nuclear energy. Here we concentrate on the possibility of developing a distributed system employing several unique new types of nuclear energy sources, specifically small fusion devices using inertial electrostatic confinement and portable “battery type” proton reaction cells.
Motion Analysis of Human Upper Extremity Considering Volustary Muscle Contraction (2004)

The studies of man-machine interface and human dynamics have been researched in many technical fields. This paper presents the way of building human models with considering voluntary muscle contraction. Firstly, methods for evaluating muscular activity properties during static and dynamic conditions were proposed. Secondly, human upper extremity model with muscular system was built and simulatied by using multi body dynamics analysis software, MADYMO. The muscular systems are based on Hill's characteristic equation. They generate the motion of the upper extremity with muscular contraction considering active state of muscles. Lastly, the validity of the model and the way of approach were confirmed.
Decoder remapping to counteract neuron loss in brain-machine interfaces (2010)

Variability of single-unit neural recordings can significantly affect the overall performance achieved by brain machine interfaces (BMI). In this paper, we present a novel technique to adapt a linear filter commonly used in BMI to compensate for loss of neurons from the recorded neural ensemble, thus minimizing loss in performance. We simulate the gains achieved by this technique using a model of the learning process during closed-loop BMI operation. This simulation suggests that we can adapt to the loss of 24% of the neurons controlling a BMI with only 13% drop in performance.
An Adaptive Herschel-Quincke Tube (1999)

Acoustic side branches and mufflers are commonly used to attenuate harmonic disturbances in ducts. This work introduces a variation to the classic Herschel-Quincke tube side-branch configuration to adaptively attenuate the propagation of plane wave disturbances along a duct. Through the use of an active membrane or piston element within the tube, the transmission loss characteristics of the tube apparatus can be made to adapt to changes in the disturbance frequency. This permits tracking of tonal disturbances over a wide bandwidth in order to maintain optimal attenuation. The theory for an adaptive Herschel-Quincke tube is presented, and the corresponding transmission loss is derived and given in terms of the tube geometry, piston mass, stiffness and damping. As an illustrative example, analytical results are presented using a PVDF membrane as an equivalent piston. The derivation of the equivalent piston mass and stiffness of the membrane as a function of applied voltage is also presented. Analytical results illustrate how the transmission loss of the adaptive Herschel-Quincke tube can be varied as a function of the voltage applied to the membrane in order to track changes in the disturbance.
Phase noise performance comparison between Liga-MEMS and on-chip CMOS capacitors for a VCO application (2006)

An integrated voltage-controlled oscillator using TSMC 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is presented to demonstrate and compare the phase noise performance between the VCO using a new type of MEMS variable capacitor and that using conventional CMOS varactor, which is built on-chip together with the CMOS VCO. A representative MEMS variable capacitor, fabricated using the LIGA process, has a nominal capacitance of 1.05 pF and exhibits a Q factor of 40.9 at 2.7 GHz. The simulation results show that with this LIGA-MEMS capacitor, a 4.3 dB of phase noise improvement at 300 kHz offset from the carrier is achieved when the VCO operates at 2.7 GHz.
Photoelectron Spectrum of Trimethylenemethane Iron Tricarbonyl and a Theoretical Study of Trimethylenemethane (1969)

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Oligothiophene Tetracyanobutadienes: Alternative Donor−Acceptor Architectures for Molecular and Polymeric Materials (2010)

Oligothiophene-substituted 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobutadienes (TCBDs) have been synthesized by [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between tetracyanoethylene and oligothiophene alkynes. The TCBD moiety is compared to other electron acceptors attached to dibutylterthiophene including dicyanovinyl (DCV) and tricyanovinyl (TCV). These donor−acceptor molecules (TCBD-3T, DCV-3T, and TCV-3T) show red-shifted absorption spectra relative to the unsubstituted oligothiophene as a result of intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT). Monosubstituted terthiophenes bearing the electron acceptors show both oxidation and reduction processes as characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to explain the electronic and redox properties of the materials. Electrochemical oxidation of a bis(terthienyl)-substituted TCBD molecule (3T-TCBD-3T) yields a conducting polymer exhibiting balanced ambipolar redox conduction with similar values for the oxidized and reduced states of the polymer (1 × 10−3 S cm−1). Raman spectra of the asymmetric donor−acceptor materials are characterized by two intense bands characteristic of the aromatic and quinoidal regions in the conjugated π-system of the oligothiophene.
Lung cancer proliferation correlates with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by positron emission tomography. (2000)

Tumor proliferation has prognostic value in resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated whether [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake of NSCLC correlates with tumor proliferation and, thus, could noninvasively grade NSCLCs (refining patient prognosis and therapy). Thirty-nine patients with potentially resectable NSCLC underwent whole-body FDG positron emission tomography (PET) 45 min after i.v. injection of 10 mCi of FDG. Tumor FDG uptake was quantitated with the maximum pixel standardized uptake value (maxSUV). The lesion diameter from computed tomography was used to correct the maxSUV for partial volume effects using recovery coefficients determined for the General Electric Advance PET scanner. Thirty-eight patients underwent complete surgical staging (bronchoscopy and mediastinoscopy, with or without thoracotomy). One stage IV patient by PET underwent bronchoscopic biopsy only. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 (proliferation index marker) was performed on all of the 39 NSCLC specimens (35 resections, 1 percutaneous, and 3 surgical biopsies). The specimens were reviewed for cellular differentiation (poor, moderate, well) and tumor type. Lesions ranged from 0.7 to 6.1 cm. The correlation found between uncorrected maxSUV and lesion size (Rho, 0.56; P = 0.0006) disappeared when applying the recovery coefficients (Rho, -0.035; P = 0.83). Ki-67 expression (percentage of positive cells) correlated strongly with FDG uptake (corrected maxSUV: Rho, 0.73; P < 0.0001). The correlation was stronger for stage I lesions (11 stage IA, 15 stage IB): Rho, 0.79; P < 0.0001) and strongest in stage IB (Rho, 0.83; P = 0.0019). A significant association (P < 0.0001) between tumor differentiation and corrected SUV was noted. FDG PET may be used to noninvasively assess NSCLC proliferation in vivo, identifying rapidly growing NSCLCs with poor prognosis that could benefit from preoperative chemotherapy.
Dynamic structures for non-uniform subband adaptive filtering (2002)

Subband adaptive filters suffer degraded performance when high input energy occurs at frequencies coincident with subband boundaries. This is seen as increased error in critically sampled systems and as reduced asymptotic convergence speed in oversampled systems. To address this problem a dynamic frequency decomposition scheme is presented which aims to control the frequency of subband boundaries such that they avoid spectral regions of high input energy. An efficient structure for this is described, which maintains the low-complexity advantage of subband systems. Simulation results show reductions in MSE of around 5-10 dB in the critical case and convergence improvement in the oversampled case, in addition to increased robustness to coloured inputs in both cases.
Voltage and Current Selector-Based Biasing Topology for Multiple Supply Voltage Circuits (2017)

In systems-on-chip there are multiple supply voltage (MSV) designs in which a module is powered by several supply rails. For example, these rails are at 40, 5, and 3.3 V. A safe biasing scheme is needed to ensure no tri-stated biasing conditions can exist, which can result in unintended activation of the power stages or output drivers leading to high currents. It is shown here a safe biasing scheme can be implemented under any power sequencing scheme in MSV designs by exploiting the voltage and current selector topologies. This circuit was implemented in a 40-V, 0.35-μm, BiCMOS process on a four-channel airbag squib driver IC. The fabricated circuit's quiescent current is less than 5 mA even if the on chip junction temperature is 175 °C and for various fault conditions that can occur in a multiple power supply domain.
Flow-independent nitric oxide parameters in infants with and without recurrent wheeze: Table 1— (2008)

To the Editors: 

Flow-independent nitric oxide parameters (FIPs) have given an insight into airway physiology and pathology in adults and children 1. Measurements of fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( F eNO) are sensitive to respiratory symptoms and environmental exposures in infants 2, 3; therefore, it would be reasonable to hypothesise that FIPs could extend current understanding about airway pathology in early life. Measurements of F eNO at different expiratory flows are needed to estimate FIPs and, given the challenge in measuring F eNO in infants, it is not surprising that the FIP literature in infants is limited to a single study of five healthy individuals 4. We measured F eNO at 11 and 40 mL·s−1 in 14 infants with and without recurrent wheeze as part of a larger methodological study 5. We have reanalysed our data, derived FIPs, and present our results herein.

The present study population included 14 …
Data from A Novel HSP90 Inhibitor–Drug Conjugate to SN38 Is Highly Effective in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease representing 12% to 13% of total lung cancers, with median survival of &lt;2 years. No targeted therapies have proven effective in SCLC. Although most patients respond initially to cytotoxic chemotherapies, resistance rapidly emerges, response to second-line agents is limited, and dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) are a major issue. This study performs preclinical evaluation of a new compound, STA-8666, in SCLC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; To avoid DLT for useful cytotoxic agents, the recently developed drug STA-8666 combines a chemical moiety targeting active HSP90 (concentrated in tumors) fused via cleavable linker to SN38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. We compare potency and mechanism of action of STA-8666 and irinotecan &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In two SCLC xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models, STA-8666 was tolerated without side effects up to 150 mg/kg. At this dose, STA-8666 controlled or eliminated established tumors whether used in a first-line setting or in tumors that had progressed following treatment on standard first- and second-line agents for SCLC. At 50 mg/kg, STA-8666 strongly enhanced the action of carboplatin. Pharmacokinetic profiling confirmed durable STA-8666 exposure in tumors compared with irinotecan. STA-8666 induced a more rapid, robust, and stable induction of cell-cycle arrest, expression of signaling proteins associated with DNA damage and cell-cycle checkpoints, and apoptosis &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, in comparison with irinotecan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Together, these results strongly support clinical development of STA-8666 for use in the first- or second-line setting for SCLC. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 5120–9. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Establishing an Artificial Pathway for Efficient Biosynthesis of Hydroxytyrosol (2017)

Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a valuable natural phenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity and various physiological and pharmaceutical functions. In this study, we established an artificial pathway for HT biosynthesis. First, efficient enzymes were selected to construct a tyrosol biosynthetic pathway. Aro10 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was shown to be a better ketoacid decarboxylase than Kivd from Lactococcus lactis for tyrosol production. While knockout of feaB significantly decreased accumulation of the byproduct 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, overexpression of alcohol dehydrogenase ADH6 further improved tyrosol production. The titers of tyrosol reached 1469 ± 56 mg/L from tyrosine and 620 ± 23 mg/L from simple carbon sources, respectively. The pathway was further extended for HT production by overexpressing Escherichia coli native hydroxylase HpaBC. To enhance transamination of tyrosine to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, NH4Cl was removed from the culture media. To decrease oxidation of HT, ascorbic acid was added to the cell culture. To reduce the toxicity of HT, 1-dodecanol was selected as the extractant for in situ removal of HT. These efforts led to an additive increase in HT titer to 1243 ± 165 mg/L in the feeding experiment. Assembly of the full pathway resulted in 647 ± 35 mg/L of HT from simple carbon sources. This work provides a promising alternative for sustainable production of HT, which shows scale-up potential.
Modal Identification for Integrally Bladed Rotors Under Traveling Wave Excitation (2022)

Abstract The safety of a fielded Integrally Bladed Rotor (IBR) is often assessed through vibration testing. Responses due to various types of excitation are measured and processed and can be inputs to follow-on analyses, such as mistuning identification. One such excitation technique is the Traveling Wave Excitation (TWE) where all blades are simultaneously excited at phase differences that attempt to replicate naturally occurring mode shapes and certain operating conditions. This test relies on non-contact exciters, e.g. magnets and speakers, that are often not directly measured. As a result, formulating the Frequency Response Function (FRF) is difficult and the extraction of system modal data using FRF fitting techniques in the absence of FRFs is not possible. This paper presents an approach to use measured responses from TWE tests. It is shown that the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the TWE inputs are mostly independent over the prescribed frequency range. Consequently, the output spectral density matrix can be formulated in an Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) sense, where direct measurement of the inputs is not needed. A full spectral density matrix is then formulated from a single measurement on each blade obtained during a single test, thus reducing the number of measurement locations and testing excitation conditions. This matrix is fit by a Polyreference-Least Squares Complex Frequency-domain (P-LSCF) system identification technique tailored for OMA-type measurements. The methodology is tested using simulated TWE data for an IBR model using different damping levels. Comparisons between identified modal data and those used to create the model are made and show the methodology accurately predicts underlying system information even for closely-spaced modes that are common to IBRs. Finally, the method is used on experimental TWE data of an industrial IBR.
THE EFFECTS OF DIASPIRIN CROSSLINKED HEMOGLOBIN IN SEPSIS (1995)

Mourelatos, Michael G; Enzer, Noranne; Burhop, Kenneth E.; Rypins, Eric B.; Law, William R. Author Information