gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modern Touchscreen Keyboards as Intelligent User Interfaces (2017)

Essential to mobile communication, the touchscreen keyboard is the most ubiquitous intelligent user interface on modern mobile phones. Developing smarter, more efficient, easy to learn, and fun to use keyboards has presented many fascinating IUI research and design questions. Some have been addressed by academic research and practitioners in industry, while others remain significant ongoing research challenges. In this IUI 2017 keynote address I will review and synthesize the progress and open research questions of the past 15 years in text input, focusing on those my co-authors and I have directly dealt with through publications, such as the cost-benefit equations of automation and prediction [9], the power of machine/statistical intelligence [4, 7, 12], the human performance models fundamental to the design of error-correction algorithms [1, 2, 8], spatial scaling from a phone to a watch and the implications on human-machine labor division [5], user behavior and learning innovation [7, 11, 12, 13], and the challenges of evaluating the longitudinal effects of personalization and adaptation [4]. Through this research program review, I will illustrate why intelligent user interfaces, or the combination of machine intelligence and human factors, holds the future of human-computer interaction, and information technology at large.
Envelope bearing analysis: theory and practice (2005)

The rolling element bearing is an important element for power transmission within the helicopter drive train system. Monitoring the condition of the rolling bearing element's component provides advantages in the operation, safety, and maintenance areas. An overview of the diagnostic process for a rolling element bearing with pit type fault from the mechanical defect, to the defect signature, to the detection process is presented. The detection process applies the enveloping technique. The work presented is demonstrated with an analytical description of the enveloping process, analytical examples, a simple numerical simulation and the results from an operational helicopter. The benefits of understanding the fundamental bearing analysis technology include improved diagnostics capability and prognostic capability
Search for dark matter produced in association with a single top quark in $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV $$pp$$ collisions with the ATLAS detector (2021)

Abstract This paper presents a search for dark matter in the context of a two-Higgs-doublet model together with an additional pseudoscalar mediator, a , which decays into the dark-matter particles. Processes where the pseudoscalar mediator is produced in association with a single top quark in the 2HDM+ a model are explored for the first time at the LHC. Several final states which include either one or two charged leptons (electrons or muons) and a significant amount of missing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis is based on proton–proton collision data collected with the ATLAS experiment at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>13</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> TeV during LHC Run 2 (2015–2018), corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 $$\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>fb</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> . No significant excess above the Standard Model predictions is found. The results are expressed as 95% confidence-level limits on the parameters of the signal models considered.
Stoney vs. Histed: Quantifying the Spatial Effects of Intracortical Microstimulation (2021)

ABSTRACT Background Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is used to map neural circuits and restore lost sensory modalities such as vision, hearing, and somatosensation. The spatial effects of ICMS remain controversial: Stoney and colleagues proposed that the volume of somatic activation increased with stimulation intensity, while Histed et al. suggested activation density, but not somatic activation volume, increases with stimulation intensity. Objective We used computational modeling to quantify the spatial effects of ICMS intensity and unify the apparently paradoxical findings of Histed and Stoney. Methods We implemented a biophysically-based computational model of a cortical column comprising neurons with realistic morphology and representative synapses. We quantified the spatial effects of single pulse ICMS, including the radial distance to activated neurons and the density of activated neurons as a function of stimulation intensity. Results At all amplitudes, the dominant mode of somatic activation was by antidromic propagation to the soma following axonal activation, rather than via trans-synaptic activation. There were no occurrences of direct activation of somata or dendrites. The volume over which antidromic action potentials were initiated grew with stimulation amplitude, while the volume of somatic activations did not. However, the density of somatic activation within the activated volume increased with stimulation amplitude. Conclusions The results resolve the apparent paradox between Stoney and Histed’s results by demonstrating that the volume over which action potentials are initiated grows with ICMS amplitude, consistent with Stoney. However, the volume occupied by the activated somata remains approximately constant, while the density of activated neurons within that volume increase, consistent with Histed. HIGHLIGHTS Implemented a biophysically-based computational model of cortical column comprising cortical neurons with realistic morphology and representative synapses. Quantified the spatial patterns of neural activation by intracortical microstimulation to resolve the paradoxical findings of Stoney et al., 1968 and Histed et al., 2009. The dominant mode of neural activation near the electrode was direct (i.e., via antidromic propagation from direct activation of the axon) and not trans-synaptic. The dominant effect of increased ICMS intensity was to increase the density of activated neurons but not the volume of activation.
A Commercial 65 nm CMOS Technology for Space Applications: Heavy Ion, Proton and Gamma Test Results and Modeling (2010)

This paper presents new experimental and modeling evidences that advanced commercial CMOS technologies get intrinsically harder against space radiations with technology downscaling. A 65 nm commercial bulk CMOS process can deliver improved radiation-tolerance without sacrificing electrical performance.
Use of reverse phase protein microarrays and reference standard development for molecular network analysis of metastatic ovarian carcinoma (2005)

Cancer can be defined as a deregulation or hyperactivity in the ongoing network of intracellular and extracellular signaling events. Reverse phase protein microarray technology may offer a new opportunity to measure and profile these signaling pathways, providing data on post-translational phosphorylation events not obtainable by gene microarray analysis. Treatment of ovarian epithelial carcinoma almost always takes place in a metastatic setting since unfortunately the disease is often not detected until later stages. Thus, in addition to elucidation of the molecular network within a tumor specimen, critical questions are to what extent do signaling changes occur upon metastasis and are there common pathway elements that arise in the metastatic microenvironment. For individualized combinatorial therapy, ideal therapeutic selection based on proteomic mapping of phosphorylation end points may require evaluation of the patient's metastatic tissue. Extending these findings to the bedside will require the development of optimized protocols and reference standards. We have developed a reference standard based on a mixture of phosphorylated peptides to begin to address this challenge.
Tailoring the Surface of Metal Halide Perovskites to Enable the Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxide Contacts (2021)

Replacing organic contact layers with inorganic counterparts, such as metal oxides, is one strategy for improving long-term device stability in metal halide perovskite solar cells. Often, the methods used to deposit metal oxide thin films are incompatible with metal halide perovskites, creating challenges for the fabrication of contacts above the perovskite absorber layer. In this study, we utilize a one-step, solution treatment of the top surface of Cs0.25FA0.75Pb(Br0.20I0.80)3 to create a thin (∼1 nm) overlayer of lead sulfide (PbS) to protect the underlying perovskite during subsequent deposition. X-ray characterization of the surface region shows that the PbS overlayer limits undesirable changes to the perovskite structure and stoichiometry during atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SnO2. This protection enables ALD growth of SnO2 electron contacts on top of the perovskite without an organic transport layer (e.g., C60), resulting in a solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 5.8%. This result is a marked improvement over devices with ALD SnO2 grown directly on the perovskite without a PbS overlayer, which produce no power output. The interface characterization and device results in this study highlight some of the key challenges associated with ALD metal oxide growth on perovskite materials and can help inform the future design of inorganic contact layer deposition in solar photovoltaic technologies.
Assistive Robotics and an Ecology of Elders Living Independently in Their Homes (2004)

For elders who remain independent in their homes, the home becomes more than just a place to eat and sleep. The home becomes a place where people care for each other, and it gradually subsumes all activities. This article reports on an ethnographic study of aging adults who live independently in their homes. Seventeen elders aged 60 through 90 were interviewed and observed in their homes in 2 Midwestern cities. The goal is to understand how robotic products might assist these people, helping them to stay independent and active longer. The experience of aging is described as an ecology of aging made up of people, products, and activities taking place in a local environment of the home and the surrounding community. In this environment, product successes and failures often have a dramatic impact on the ecology, throwing off a delicate balance. When a breakdown occurs, family members and other caregivers have to intervene, threatening elders' independence and identity. This article highlights the interest in how the elder ecology can be supported by new robotic products that are conceived of as a part of this interdependent system. It is recommended that the design of these products fit the ecology as part of the system, support elders' values, and adapt to all of the members of the ecology who will interact with them.
Diseño de un sistema lidar para la monitorización de la dispersión elástica en al atmósfera (1995)

This conununication describes the main characteristics and design trade-offs of an atmospheric lidar for aerosol detection using a Nd:YAG laser transmitter.
The role of iron and aluminium in digestion and odor formation (2007)

The role of iron and aluminium in determining volatile solids reduction and odors from anaerobically digested, dewatered sludge cakes was evaluated from data collected from a variety of wastewater treatment plants. It was found that volatile solids reduction generally increased as the iron content of the sludge increased. It was also observed that odors increased with increasing iron. No correlation with aluminium or divalent cations was found. Based on these data it appears that the volatile solids reduction by anaerobic digestion is not useful for predicting the odors from anaerobically digested sludges.
Polypeptide Synthesis, Solid‐Phase Method (2004)

Abstract Solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) has continued to evolve since originally conceived by R.B. Merrifield in 1959. This article is a general introduction into the current state of the art of SPPS. The review covers synthesis strategies, including protecting group combinations, coupling chemistry, monitoring, solid supports, cleavage, and purification. The most troublesome side reactions are also covered. Finally, the prognosis for future developments in SPPS is discussed.
Supplementary Table 6 from MicroRNA Alterations of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 273K&lt;/p&gt;
Node Clustering in Mobile Peer-to-Peer Multihop Networks (2006)

In mobile peer-to-peer (MP2P) networks, nodes tend to gather together rather than scattered uniformly across the network area. This paper considers the clustering of peer nodes and its performance impact in MP2P networks. The model for node clustering based on a heavy-tail distribution is first introduced and then a topology generation method that produces a clustered network is presented. Experiments based on ns-2 simulation with AODV routing protocol and IEEE 802.11 MAC reveal that the clustered layout significantly degrades the network performance and the main trouble comes from the MAC layer mechanisms. Node clustering results in as much as 77.6% lower packet delivery ratio compared to random node distribution. Moreover, it results in larger variation in packet delivery service, and thus has a serious impact on QoS, which is important in MP2P networks.
Systematic design of a programmable low-noise CMOS neural interface for cell activity recording (2011)

The increasing electrode density in multielectrode arrays and the use of new materials for electrode fabrication are motivating the migration from passive to active neuroprobes. Numerous circuit design challenges for the implementation of optimal integrated neural recording systems are still present and need to be addressed. In this paper we present the systematic design of a programmable low-noise multi-channel neural interface that can be used for the recording of neural activity in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The design methodology includes modeling and simulation of important parameters, allowing the definition, optimization and testing of the architecture and the circuit blocks. In the proposed architecture, individual channel programmability is provided in order to address different neural signals and electrode characteristics. A 16-channel fully-differential architecture is fabricated in a 0.35 μm CMOS technology, with a die size of 5.6 mm × 4.5 mm. Gains (40-75.6 dB) and band-pass filter cut-off frequencies (1-6000 Hz) can be digitally programmed using 7 bits per channel and a serial interface. The circuit consumes a maximum of 1.8 mA from a 3.3 V supply and the measured input-referred noise is between 2.3 and 2.9 μV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> for the different configurations. We successfully performed simultaneous recordings of action potential signals, using different electrode characteristics in in vitro experiments.
Integrating Web technologies in Eclipse (2005)

In this paper we describe an approach and an implementation for integrating Web technologies in Eclipse, a Java- and component-based platform. First, we support embedding of UI (user interface) artifacts that are developed using either widget or markup technologies. Second, we provide support for DOM (Document Object Model) programming. We implement this approach by bridging the relevant foundation technologies—COM (Component Object Model) and XPCOM (Cross Platform Component Object Model)—which allows us to embed the engines of the two major browsers, Internet Explorer and Mozilla®. We discuss several possible applications of this work, such as seamless access to online help systems and Web-based development of administrative tools.
Improvement In The Azimuthal Em Method - The Value Of Signal Processing (1998)

The azimuthal EM method has recently been proposed as an alternative to the well-applied azimuthal&lt;br&gt;resistivity survey, primarily for the investigation of fracture-induced electrical anisotropy. The advantages&lt;br&gt;of the EM approach include (1) reduced data acquisition time, (2) simple field acquisition procedure, and&lt;br&gt;(3) a reduced data acquisition area. In addition, the problem of electrode contact resistance is overcome&lt;br&gt;with the EM method.&lt;br&gt;Signal processing techniques were developed to assist quantification of noise in azimuthal EM datasets and&lt;br&gt;to enable noise reduction. Comparison of the energy in the even and odd coefficients of the frequency&lt;br&gt;spectra of azimuthal EM datasets allows the signal-to-noise ratio to be identified. Convolution of the&lt;br&gt;azimuthal data with linear phase low pass filters allows for significant noise removal. These processing&lt;br&gt;techniques were applied to azimuthal EM datasets collected at two study sites. Following data processing,&lt;br&gt;the EM datasets revealed apparent resistivity lobes consistent with the orientation of fracture strike mapped&lt;br&gt;at these locations. These results suggest that, with the application of data processing, structural information&lt;br&gt;obtained from an azimuthal EM survey is likely to be comparable to that obtained from an azimuthal&lt;br&gt;resistivity survey.&lt;br&gt;Azimuthal resistivity surveys have been previously performed with array configurations that allow for&lt;br&gt;misinterpretation of apparent resistivity variability caused by lateral heterogeneity as evidence for the&lt;br&gt;presence of anisotropy. Use of an asymmetric azimuthal EM array, combined with analysis of the energy of&lt;br&gt;the even and odd coefficients of the frequency spectra, provides a means to differentiate heterogeneity from&lt;br&gt;anisotropy. The value of this approach is described and the results of a test at a site of known lateral&lt;br&gt;heterogeneity are presented. Analysis of the frequency spectrum for an asymmetric array allowed&lt;br&gt;identification of the lateral heterogeneity at this site.&lt;br&gt;These examples illustrate that analysis of the frequency spectra of azimuthal EM data greatly assists&lt;br&gt;interpretation. The ability to (1) characterize and reduce noise, and (2) differentiate lateral heterogeneity&lt;br&gt;from anisotropy, significantly improves the value of the azimuthal EM technique in site characterization.
Advancement and Challenges in Municipal Landfill Leachate Treatment–The Path Forward! (2022)

Although landfill leachate is a small volumetric fraction compared to municipal wastewater, its complexity raises concerns for researchers and practitioners. Emerging and novel treatment technologies are being investigated to address landfill leachate treatment challenges. In the past decade, leachate research shifted from the removal of contaminants to the simultaneous recovery of resources and removal of contaminants. While resource recovery is appealing, it is also questionable due to the economic feasibility and post-environmental impact of applied resources. Various emerging contaminants may remain in recovered resources, making recovery a less preferred option. Because of the ineffectiveness of biological treatment of emerging contaminants, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, leachate cotreatment has been restricted in some wastewater treatment plants. Thus, in the wake of emerging contaminants and stringent regulations, it seems wiser to develop effective, integrated leachate treatments in lieu of widely practiced biological cotreatment. The solid waste industry needs viable, cost-efficient, and readily executable technologies to effectively handle the upcoming need. Thus, in this paper, academic and industry experts discuss the progress, challenges, and future of leachate treatment. This paper provides a forward-thinking evaluation of the past decade’s advancements and challenges in the field of landfill leachate treatment.
Evaluation of Beauveria Bassiana (Mycotrol® WP) with Pyrethroids for Control of Whitefly in Spring Cantaloupes (1996)

Abstract Cantaloupe, var. ‘Top Score,’ was planted in slant beds on 80-inch centers 17 February at Somerton, AZ. Plots were 4 rows by 25 feet long, with end buffers of 5 feet. Design was a RCB with 4 replicate plots per treatment. All materials were applied in 0.05% Silwet L77 spreader. Applications were started 18 May when whitefly numbers had reached 0.5 per cm2 of leaf. Additional sprays were made 1, 5, 9, 15 and 22 June. The first application was made at 40 gpa with a horizontal boom set with two drop nozzles (Dl/13 disc-core hollow cone) on each side directed towards the bed. The second application was made with a horizontal boom 4 inches over top of the row with 4 nozzles (Dl/13) at 16-inch intervals, directed downwards, delivering 40 gpa at 120 psi. For the third application, the number of nozzles was increased to seven per bed with a spacing of 4 inches; nozzles were alternately arranged forwards and backwards at about a 30 degree angle. Gpa was increased to 70, pressure decreased to 90 psi The final three sprays were made with the same boom configuration but used D2/33 full-cone nozzles delivering 100 gpa at 80 psi. Sprays were monitored by the use of water sensitive spray cards and coverslips mounted on leaf undersides in the melon plant canopy. Leaf samples were taken for nymphal counts on 15, 31 May, 10, 21, and 27 June. In each case 10 mid-crown leaves were collected per plot. Nymphs were counted in two 2.4 cm diameter discs taken from the basal areas of each leaf. Insect data were subjected to n transformation before ANOVA; means were separated by Tukey’s HSD Test (P=.05). Yields were determined on 28 June, 1995, by harvesting marketable melons from center two rows of each plot and grading by size.
Sparse Structure Design for Stochastic Linear Systems via a Linear Matrix Inequality Approach (2022)

In this paper, we propose a sparsity-promoting feedback control design for stochastic linear systems with multiplicative noise. The objective is to identify a sparse control architecture that optimizes the closed-loop performance while stabilizing the system in the mean-square sense. The proposed approach approximates the nonconvex combinatorial optimization problem by minimizing various matrix norms subject to the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) stability condition. We present two design problems to reduce the number of actuators via the static state-feedback and a low-dimensional output. A regularized linear quadratic regulator with multiplicative noise (LQRm) optimal control problem and its convex relaxation are presented to demonstrate the tradeoff between the suboptimal closed-loop performance and the sparsity degree of control structure. Case studies on power grids for wide-area frequency control show that the proposed sparsity-promoting control can considerably reduce the number of actuators without significant loss in system performance. The sparse control architecture is robust to substantial system-level disturbances while achieving mean-square stability.