gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differentially Private Distributed Data Summarization under Covariate Shift (2019)

We envision AI marketplaces to be platforms where consumers, with very less data for a target task, can obtain a relevant model by accessing many private data sources with vast number of data samples. One of the key challenges is to construct a training dataset that matches a target task without compromising on privacy of the data sources. To this end, we consider the following distributed data summarizataion problem. Given K private source datasets denoted by $[D_i]_{i\in [K]}$ and a small target validation set $D_v$, which may involve a considerable covariate shift with respect to the sources, compute a summary dataset $D_s\subseteq \bigcup_{i\in [K]} D_i$ such that its statistical distance from the validation dataset $D_v$ is minimized. We use the popular Maximum Mean Discrepancy as the measure of statistical distance. The non-private problem has received considerable attention in prior art, for example in prototype selection (Kim et al., NIPS 2016). Our work is the first to obtain strong differential privacy guarantees while ensuring the quality guarantees of the non-private version. We study this problem in a Parsimonious Curator Privacy Model, where a trusted curator coordinates the summarization process while minimizing the amount of private information accessed. Our central result is a novel protocol that (a) ensures the curator accesses at most $O(K^{\frac{1}{3}}|D_s| + |D_v|)$ points (b) has formal privacy guarantees on the leakage of information between the data owners and (c) closely matches the best known non-private greedy algorithm. Our protocol uses two hash functions, one inspired by the Rahimi-Recht random features method and the second leverages state of the art differential privacy mechanisms. We introduce a novel "noiseless" differentially private auctioning protocol for winner notification and demonstrate the efficacy of our protocol using real-world datasets.
Supplementary Data from Combination of Farnesyltransferase and Akt Inhibitors Is Synergistic in Breast Cancer Cells and Causes Significant Breast Tumor Regression in ErbB2 Transgenic Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S2; Supplementary Tables S1-S3.&lt;/p&gt;
Thermal degradation of polymethacrylic ester containing bisphenol‐S (1995)

Abstract Thermal degradation of polymethacrylic ester containing bisphenol‐S, poly(BPS‐M), was investigated under nitrogen and air atmosphere at various heating rates. Ozawa's method was used to calculate the kinetic parameters, activation energy, preexponential factor and reaction order. Thermodegradation of the polymer occurs in one or two stages in nitrogen and air, respectively. The temperature at the start of intense degradation ( T start ) and the temperature corresponding to a 50% mass loss ( T 50% ) were found to be 300 and 402°C, respectively, at a heating rate of 10°C min −1 in nitrogen. Larger sample masses have a larger temperature interval (Δ T ) and a greater mass loss (Δ W ). The kinetic order of degradation is unity both in nitrogen and air. The direct pyrolysis mass spectrum of the polymer shows one degradation peak. The most important degradation process under inert atmosphere is the loss of carbon dioxide, phenol and sulphur dioxide. A possible mechanism for thermal decomposition of poly(BPS‐M) is proposed based on the product analyses.
Working set-based access control for network file systems (2009)

Securing access to files is an important and growing concern in corporate environments. Employees are increasingly accessing files from untrusted devices, including personal home computers and mobile devices, such as smart phones, which are not under the control of the corporation, and may be infected with viruses, worms, and other malware. In such cases, it is crucial to protect the confidentiality and integrity of corporate data from malicious accesses.
An analysis of packing in the protein folding problem (1993)

The number of globular proteins for which high resolution structures are available is rapidly increasing. In each case the particular sequence of the polypeptide appears to yield only a single, compact, biologically active structure. However, peptides with no obvious sequence similarity may form remarkably similar structures.
Identification of producer and biological activities of new antibiotics, mimosamycin and chlorocarcins. (1976)

A strain of Streptomyces, No. 314 identified as a Streptomyces lavendulae produced under a novel condition of culture, four new antibiotics, mimosamycin and chlorocarcins A, B, and C. Among the components of chlorocarcin complex, chlorocarcin A was found to be most biologically active. This antibiotic inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P and Corynebacterium diphtheriae at the concentrations of 0.1 and 0.003 mcg/ml, respectively. Chlorocarcin A also exhibited antitumor activity on EHRLICH carcinoma, ascitic and solid forms, and mouse leukemia L1210. Mimosamycin proved to be mainly active on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and inactive on the experimental murine tumors.
Paper 263: Isolation and Characterization of Human ACL‐Derived Vascular Stem Cells (2012)

Whereas most surgical procedures for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction require healing of tendon grafts in a surgically created bone tunnel, the attachment between the tendon and the bone is the weakest region in the early post transplantation period. Secure fixation of the tendon graft to the bone is a significant factor in allowing earlier and more aggressive rehabilitation and earlier return to sports and work. To this end, tissue engineering using stem cells have recently focused on their potential for early healing and regeneration of tendon bone integration [1].
Tree-loss function for training neural networks on weakly-labelled datasets (2017)

Neural networks are powerful tools for medical image classification and segmentation. However, existing network structures and training procedures assume that the output classes are mutually exclusive and equally important. Many datasets of medical images do not satisfy these conditions. For example, some skin disease datasets have images labelled as coarse-grained class (such as Benign) in addition to images with fine-grained labels (such as a Benign subclass called Blue Nevus), and conventional neural network can not leverage such additional data for training. Also, in the clinical decision making, some classes (such as skin cancer or Melanoma) often carry more importance than other lesion types. We propose a novel Tree-Loss function for training and fine-tuning a neural network classifier using all available labelled images. The key step is the definition of the class taxonomy tree, which is used to describe the relations between labels. The tree can be also adjusted to reflect the desired importance of each class. These steps can be performed by a domain expert without detailed knowledge of machine learning techniques. The experiments demonstrate the improved performance compared with the conventional approach even without using additional data.
Schutz von Wasserfassungen (2003)

Eine Vielzahl der Trinkwasserfassungen stammt noch aus einer Zeit, lange bevor die heute gültigen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen und technischen Normen in Kraft gesetzt worden sind. Der Ausbaustand vieler Wasserversorgungen entspricht deshalb, auch wenn seit ihrem Bau gewisse Erneuerungen vorgenommen wurden, dem Standard der 50er und 60er Jahre. Damals standen jedoch wesentlich weniger Hilfsmittel zur Beurteilung der Grundwasserqualität und der Dynamik der komplexen hydrogeologischen und hydraulischen Verhältnisse zur Verfügung. Zudem konzentrierten sich viele hydrogeologische Abklärungen auf die Brunnenergiebigkeiten. Die Entwicklung des Grundwasserschutzes erfolgte mit zeitlicher Verzögerung zu den neusten Erkenntnissen über Grundwasservulnerabilität und -gefährdung.
OHM Sponge: A Versatile, Efficient, and Ecofriendly Environmental Remediation Platform (2020)

Oil spills have huge and immediate economically, socially, and environmentally adverse impacts. Current methods to remediate oil spills do not provide a sustainable solution, in terms of cost, ease of deployment, and further impact on the environment. Here we report an oil spill remediation solution in form of an oleophilic, hydrophobic, and magnetic (OHM) sponge that is economical, efficient, and ecofriendly; thereby promising a potentially industry-adaptable approach. The OHM sponge can not only selectively remove the oil from oil/water interface but also recover the oil by a simple squeezing process. Furthermore, the OHM sponge can be reused for many cycles. The OHM sponge works effectively in diverse and extreme aquatic conditions (pH, salinity) and can absorb a variety of oils and oil-based compounds. The selective absorption/desorption, recovery, high absorption capacity, and reusability under one platform open new prospects for potentially sustainable water and environmental remediation applications.
Middle ear cavity and ear canal pressure-driven stapes velocity responses in human cadaveric temporal bones (2006)

Drive pressure to stapes velocity (V(st)) transfer function measurements are collected and compared for human cadaveric temporal bones with the drive pressure alternately on the ear canal (EC) and middle ear cavity (MEC) sides of the tympanic membrane (TM), in order to predict the performance of proposed middle-ear implantable acoustic hearing aids, as well as provide additional data for examining human middle ear mechanics. The chief finding is that, in terms of the V(st) response, MEC stimulation performs at least as well as EC stimulation below 8 kHz, provided that the EC is unplugged. Plugging the EC causes a reduced response for MEC drive below 2 kHz, due to a corresponding reduction of the pressure difference between the two sides of the TM. Between 8 and 11 kHz, the MEC drive transfer functions feature an approximately 17 dB drop in magnitude below the EC drive case, the cause of which remains unknown. The EC drive transfer functions reported here feature significantly less magnitude roll-off above 1 kHz than previous studies [with a slope of -2.3 vs -6.7 dB/octave for Aibara et al., Hear. Res. 152, 100-109 (2001)], and significantly more phase group delay (134 vs 62 micros for Aibara et al.).
Ontwikkeling en routinematige implementatie van een moleculaire detectietechniek voor stengelaaltjes (Ditylenchus dipsaci) en witrot (Sclerotium cepivorum) in grondmonsters (2005)

Samenvatting van de voordracht te houden op 30 november 2005 tijdens de Najaarsvergadering van de KNPV (Koninklijke Nederlandse Plantenziektekundige Vereniging).
Ultrafast nano-imaging and control of optical switching in strongly coupled infrared quantum-well heterostructures (2021)

We perform ultrafast degenerate infrared pump-probe micro- to nano-scale imaging and spectroscopy of multi-quantum-well antenna heterostructures. We demonstrate coupling strength and phase rotation control through modification of the optical nano-cavity.
Optimality of certainty equivalence in expected value problems for uncertain linear systems (2014)

In this paper we study the optimality of the certainty equivalence approximation in robust finite-horizon optimization problems with expected cost. We provide an algorithm for determining the subset of the state-space for which the certainty equivalence technique is optimal. In the second part of the paper we show how patterns in the problem structure called symmetries can be used to reduce the computational complexity of the previous algorithm. Finally we demonstrate our technique through numerical examples. In particular we examine networked battery systems and radiant slab building control, for which we show the certainty equivalence controller is optimal over the entire operating range.
Implementation of a Distributed Joint Routing and Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Algorithm on USRP2 Radios (2010)

A cognitive radio network with decentralized control (i.e., a cognitive ad hoc network) is considered in this demonstration. The demo implements a decentralized and localized algorithm for through put maximization through joint routing and interference-avoiding waveform selection. The algorithm adapts to time-varying traffic demands, interference profile, and network topology to locally maximize the achievable data rate while avoiding harmful interference to co-located primary or secondary users. The prototype is based on a cross-layer protocol stack implemented in Python, which leverages GNU Radio for adaptive signal generation on a USRP2 software-defined-radio platform.
Gamma-ray Energy Dependence of Scintillation Decay Time (2023)

We investigated scintillation decay times at different excitation γ-ray energies for commercial luminescent materials such as Ce:LaBr 3 , Eu:SrI 2 , Ce:LYSO [(Y,Lu) 2 SiO 5 ], and Ce:GAGG [Gd 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 ].Ce:LaBr 3 and Eu:SrI 2 did not show energy dependence, whereas Ce:LYSO and Ce:GAGG exhibited different decay curves at different excitation energies.In these materials, the energy dependence of decay correlated with the nonproportionality of scintillation light yield.
Clonal expansion and compartmentalized maintenance of rhesus macaque NK cell subsets (2018)

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and eliminate infected and malignant cells. Their life histories are poorly understood, particularly in humans, due to lack of informative models and endogenous clonal markers. Here, we apply transplantation of barcoded rhesus macaque hematopoietic cells to interrogate the landscape of NK cell production, expansion, and life histories at a clonal level long term and after proliferative challenge. We identify oligoclonal populations of rhesus CD56<sup>-</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup> NK cells that are characterized by marked expansions and contractions over time yet remained long-term clonally uncoupled from other hematopoietic lineages, including CD56<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>-</sup> NK cells. Individual or groups of CD56<sup>-</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup> expanded clones segregated with surface expression of specific killer immunoglobulin-like receptors. These clonally distinct NK cell subpopulation patterns persisted for more than 4 years, including after transient in vivo anti-CD16-mediated depletion and subsequent regeneration. Profound and sustained interleukin-15-mediated depletion was required to generate new oligoclonal CD56<sup>-</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup> NK cells. Together, our results indicate that linear NK cell production from multipotent hematopoietic progenitors or less mature CD56<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>-</sup> cells is negligible during homeostasis and moderate proliferative stress. In such settings, peripheral compartmentalized self-renewal can maintain the composition of distinct, differentiated NK cell subpopulations.
A Frequency Agility Technique on a Miniature Omnidirectional Antenna (2010)

This paper presents a compact omnidirectional antenna based on the concept of frequency reconfigurability. The structure is a compact shorted microstrip omnidirectional antenna which has already been miniaturized by a slot loading technique. To fight bandwidth reduction created by miniaturization, a varactor diode is placed on the structure to fulfil modern telecommunication standard requirements using frequency reconfigurability. Based on this technique, an electronically tunable antenna with a frequency range of 670730MHz is designed using a single varactor diode with a capacitance range of 1 to 4 pF. A miniature dipole-like antenna with typical dimensions (width x length x height) of λ 0 /7 × λ 0 /55 × λ 0 /55 (λ 0 being the free space operating wavelength) is obtained, which makes possible the integration of this miniature antenna inside small wireless systems.
Designing GIS for high availability and high performance (2000)

Geographic information system (GIS) application design has become Internet-centric; the enterprise has become spatially enabled; traditional databases have integrated islands of spatial and non-spatial data. These are some of the trends that are helping to promote the expansion of GIS into the information mainstream as a core technology, and more importantly into mission-critical applications. However, computer hardware can fail, and if mission-critical applications cannot be kept running effectively-that is, "available", such failures are costly to an organization. GIS applications are available only if they allow users to access the GIS server application(s) and the GIS data files. High availability environments are designed for computing installations that require critical systems to be automatically and seamlessly restarted in the event of a hardware failure. They can ensure that data remains accessible, and that applications be kept running, even during a prolonged hardware failure. This paper investigates the nature and architecture of a high availability GIS: the use of hardware and software common to most high performance computing implementations, to provide automatic failover and continuous operation in the event of system failure. It describes how high availability was implemented by two major GIS software platforms to minimize interruptions to applications and to keep file systems continuously available.
Tungsten and molybdenum alkylidyne complexes containing bulky thiolate ligands (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTungsten and molybdenum alkylidyne complexes containing bulky thiolate ligandsJohn S. Murdzek, Lauren. Blum, and Richard R. SchrockCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 2, 436–441Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00092a030https://doi.org/10.1021/om00092a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A mathematical framework for measuring network flexibility (2020)

In the field of networking research, increased flexibility of new system architecture proposals, protocols, or algorithms is often stated to be a competitive advantage over its existing counterparts. However, this advantage is usually claimed only on an argumentative level and neither formally supported nor thoroughly investigated due to the lack of a unified flexibility framework. As we will show in this paper, the flexibility achieved by a system implementation can be measured, which consequently can be used to make different networking solutions quantitatively comparable with each other. The idea behind our mathematical model is to relate network flexibility to the achievable subset of the set of all possible demand changes, and to use measure theory to quantify it. As increased flexibility might come with additional system complexity and cost, our framework provides a cost model which measures how expensive it is to operate a flexible system. The introduced flexibility framework contains different normalization strategies to provide intuitive meaning to the network flexibility value as well, and also provides guidelines for generating demand changes with (non-)uniform demand utilities. Finally, our network flexibility framework is applied on two different use-cases, and the benefits of a quantitative flexibility analysis compared to pure intuitive arguments are demonstrated.
Widespread Nanoparticle-Assay Interference: Implications for Nanotoxicity Testing (2014)

The evaluation of engineered nanomaterial safety has been hindered by conflicting reports demonstrating differential degrees of toxicity with the same nanoparticles. The unique properties of these materials increase the likelihood that they will interfere with analytical techniques, which may contribute to this phenomenon. We tested the potential for: 1) nanoparticle intrinsic fluorescence/absorbance, 2) interactions between nanoparticles and assay components, and 3) the effects of adding both nanoparticles and analytes to an assay, to interfere with the accurate assessment of toxicity. Silicon, cadmium selenide, titanium dioxide, and helical rosette nanotubes each affected at least one of the six assays tested, resulting in either substantial over- or under-estimations of toxicity. Simulation of realistic assay conditions revealed that interference could not be predicted solely by interactions between nanoparticles and assay components. Moreover, the nature and degree of interference cannot be predicted solely based on our current understanding of nanomaterial behaviour. A literature survey indicated that ca. 95% of papers from 2010 using biochemical techniques to assess nanotoxicity did not account for potential interference of nanoparticles, and this number had not substantially improved in 2012. We provide guidance on avoiding and/or controlling for such interference to improve the accuracy of nanotoxicity assessments.
Efficient and Deterministic Parallel Placement for FPGAs (2011)

We describe a parallel simulated annealing algorithm for FPGA placement. The algorithm proposes and evaluates multiple moves in parallel, and has been incorporated into Altera’s Quartus II CAD system. Across a set of 18 industrial benchmark circuits, we achieve geometric average speedups during the quench of 2.7x and 4.0x on four and eight processors, respectively, with individual circuits achieving speedups of up to 3.6x and 5.9x. Over the course of the entire anneal, we achieve speedups of up to 2.8x and 3.7x, with geometric average speedups of 2.1x and 2.4x. Our algorithm is the first parallel placer to optimize for criteria other than wirelength, such as critical path length, and is one of the few deterministic parallel placement algorithms. We discuss the challenges involved in combining these two features and the new techniques we used to overcome them. We also quantify the impact of maintaining determinism on eight cores, and find that while it reduces performance by approximately 15% relative to an ideal speedup of 8.0x, hardware limitations are a larger factor and reduce performance by 30--40%. We then suggest possible enhancements to allow our approach to scale to 16 cores and beyond.