gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-Synchronized Control-Channel Multiplexing Scheme Using Cyclic-Shifted Zadoff-Chu Sequences for Full Duplex (2018)

This paper proposes a time-synchronized control-channel multiplexing scheme using cyclic-shifted Zadoff-Chu sequences for full duplex (FD) aiming at decreasing the latency due to feedback control signals. In the proposed scheme, a set of different cyclic-shift resources of a Zadoff-Chu sequence with the same root index are assigned to control signals in both the downlink and uplink that are multiplexed in time-synchronized subframes accompanied with a cyclic prefix and cyclic suffix. Because the cross-correlation of the different cyclic-shifted Zadoff-Chu sequences with the same root index is quite low, the self-interference (SI) or co-channel interference (CCI) that leaks from its own transmitter or that of another set of user equipment to a receiver is suppressed to a very low level after despreading in the frequency domain. As a result, the significantly reduced SI or CCI after despreading results in a decreased level of complexity for the SI or CCI canceller, i.e., particularly the digital interference canceller. The computed cross-correlation results show that the cross-correlations among different cyclic-shift indices become almost zero. Based on the computed cross-correlations of the cyclic-shifted Zadoff-Chu sequences, we discuss the receiver structures including SI rejection methods for a base station and UE. Because control signals are multiplexed in every subframe in the downlink and uplink, the proposed control-channel multiplexing is applicable to low-rate control signals that require low latency.
Electrical properties of copper-loaded polymer composites (2019)

3D printing of multi-material objects enables the design of complex 3D architectures such as printed electronics and devices. The ability to detect the composition of multi-material printed inks in real time is an enabling feature in a wide range of manufacturing sectors. In this study, dielectric properties of microscale embedded metal particles in a dielectric matrix have been characterized using impedance measurements as a function of particle size, shape, volume percentage and frequency. Measurements were found to agree well with calculations based on an anisotropic Maxwell-Garnett dielectric function model. Despite the metal loading exceeding the theoretical percolation threshold, a percolation transition was not observed in the experimental results. With this data, a calibration curve can be established to correlate metal loading with impedance or capacitance, which can be used with an in situ sensor for ink composition measurements during extrusion-based 3D printing. We demonstrate how an in situ sensor can locally measure the composition of the ink, allowing greater control over the resulting properties and functionality of printed materials.
RIM is essential for stimulated but not spontaneous somatodendritic dopamine release in the midbrain (2019)

Action potentials trigger neurotransmitter release at active zones, specialized release sites in axons. Many neurons also secrete neurotransmitters or neuromodulators from their somata and dendrites. However, it is unclear whether somatodendritic release employs specialized sites for release, and the molecular machinery for somatodendritic release is not understood. Here, we identify an essential role for the active zone protein RIM in stimulated somatodendritic dopamine release in the midbrain. In mice in which RIMs are selectively removed from dopamine neurons, action potentials failed to evoke significant somatodendritic release detected via D2 receptor-mediated currents. Compellingly, spontaneous dopamine release was normal upon RIM knockout. Dopamine neuron morphology, excitability, and dopamine release evoked by amphetamine, which reverses dopamine transporters, were also unaffected. We conclude that somatodendritic release employs molecular scaffolds to establish secretory sites for rapid dopamine signaling during firing. In contrast, basal release that is independent of action potential firing does not require RIM.
The Establishment of a Hyperactive Structure Allows the Tumour Suppressor Protein p53 to Function through P-TEFb during Limited CDK9 Kinase Inhibition (2016)

CDK9 is the catalytic subunit of positive elongation factor b (P-TEFb) that controls the transition of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) into elongation. CDK9 inhibitors block mRNA synthesis and trigger activation of the stress-sensitive p53 protein. This in turn induces transcription of CDKN1A (p21) and other cell cycle control genes. It is presently unclear if and how p53 circumvents a general P-TEFb-requirement when it activates its target genes. Our investigations using a panel of specific inhibitors reason for a critical role of CDK9 also in the case of direct inhibition of the kinase. At the prototypic p21 gene, the activator p53 initially accumulates at the pre-bound upstream enhancer followed-with significant delay-by de novo binding to a secondary enhancer site within the first intron of p21. This is accompanied by recruitment of the RNAPII initiation machinery to both elements. ChIP and functional analyses reason for a prominent role of CDK9 itself and elongation factor complexes PAF1c and SEC involved in pause and elongation control. It appears that the strong activation potential of p53 facilitates gene activation in the situation of global repression of RNAPII transcription. The data further underline the fundamental importance of CDK9 for class II gene transcription.
Impact of Aspergillus fumigatus in allergic airway diseases (2011)

For decades, fungi have been recognized as associated with asthma and other reactive airway diseases. In contrast to type I-mediated allergies caused by pollen, fungi cause a large number of allergic diseases such as allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, rhinitis, allergic sinusitis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Amongst the fungi, Aspergillus fumigatus is the most prevalent cause of severe pulmonary allergic disease, including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), known to be associated with chronic lung injury and deterioration in pulmonary function in people with chronic asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF). The goal of this review is to discuss new understandings of host-pathogen interactions in the genesis of allergic airway diseases caused by A. fumigatus. Host and pathogen related factors that participate in triggering the inflammatory cycle leading to pulmonary exacerbations in ABPA are discussed.
Applications for CO 2 ‐Activated Carbon Monoliths: I. Gas Storage (2015)

Carbon monoliths with high densities are studied as adsorbents for the storage of H 2 , CH 4 , and CO 2 at ambient temperature and high pressures. The starting monolith A3 (produced by ATMI Co.) was activated under a CO 2 flow at 1073 K, applying different activation times up to 48 h. Micropore volumes and apparent surface areas were deduced from N 2 and CO 2 adsorption isotherms at 77 K and 273 K, respectively. CO 2 and CH 4 isotherms were measured up to 3 MPa and H 2 up to 20 MPa. The BET surface area of the starting monolith (941 m 2 /g) could be significantly increased up to 1586 m 2 /g, and the developed porosity is almost exclusively comprised of micropores &lt;1 nm. Total storage amounts take into account the compressed gas in the void space of the material, in addition to the adsorbed gas. Remarkably, high total storage amounts are reached for CO 2 (482 g/L), CH 4 (123 g/L), and H 2 (18 g/L). These values are much higher than for other sorbents with similar surface areas, due to the high density of the starting monolith and of the activated ones, for which the density decreases only slightly (from 1.0 g/cm 3 to 0.8 g /cm 3 upon CO 2 activation). The findings reveal the suitability of high density activated carbon monoliths for gas storage application. Thus, the amounts of stored gas can be increased by more than a 70 % in the case of H 2 at 20 MPa, almost 5.5 times in the case of CH 4 at 3 MPa, and more than 7.5 times in the case of CO 2 at 3 MPa when adsorbents are used for gas storage under the investigated conditions rather than simple compression. Furthermore, the obtained results have been recently confirmed by a scale‐up study in which 2.64 kg of high density monolith adsorbent was filled a tank cylinder of 2.5 L (Carbon, 76, 2014, 123).
Nanoporous gold as a versatile bonding intermediate (2014)

On-chip nanoporous gold fabrication was developed with binary alloy deposition subsequently a dealloying process. Using this novel nanostructure as the bonding intermediate, nanoporous gold on one bonding substrate was boned to a thin gold film, that realized low temperature bonding, heterogeneous bonding, ultra thin film bonding and room temperature bonding.
Measurement of the cross section of high transverse momentum $\it{Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}}$ production in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8 TeV$ with the ATLAS Detector (2014)

This Letter reports the observation of a high transverse momentum $Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}$ signal in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV and the measurement of its production cross section. The data analysed were collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb$^{-1}$. The $Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}$ decay is reconstructed from a pair of b-tagged jets, clustered with the anti-$k_t$ jet algorithm with $R = 0.4$, that have low angular separation and form a dijet with $p_T > 200$ GeV. The signal yield is extracted from a fit to the dijet invariant mass distribution, with the dominant, multi-jet background mass shape estimated by employing a fully data-driven technique that reduces the dependence of the analysis on simulation. The fiducial cross section is determined to be \[ \sigma^\mathrm{fid}_{Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}} = 2.02 \pm 0.20 ({\rm stat.}) \pm0.25 ({\rm syst.)}\pm 0.06 ({\rm lumi.}){\rm\,pb} = 2.02 \pm{0.33}{\rm\,pb}, \] in good agreement with next-to-leading-order theoretical predictions.
Abstract 1812: More CPR with the New Guidelines. Does it Impact VF Termination by Defibrillation Shocks? (2007)

The 2005 resuscitation Guidelines emphasize reducing interruptions of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and provide changes to the CPR and defibrillation protocols for automated external defibrillator (AED) use. We investigated whether the differences between Guidelines 2000 and 2005 resuscitation protocols influence the ventricular fibrillation (VF) termination rate of AED shocks during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods: As part of a clinical trial, VF cardiac arrest patients treated by firefighters were prospectively randomized to treatment protocols consistent with Guidelines 2000 (CONTROL) or Guidelines 2005 (STUDY). The STUDY protocol removed stacked shocks and post-shock pulse checks. It featured 1 minute of CPR before the 1st shock, and CPR between rhythm analysis and shock delivery. All AEDs delivered escalating biphasic shocks beginning at 200J. We reviewed AED electronic records to evaluate VF termination for all shocks within the first 8 minutes of treatment. Successful defibrillation was defined per Guidelines 2005 as termination of VF for &gt; 5seconds. A sample size of 400 shocks per group was prospectively chosen for statistical power to detect an 8% difference in VF termination rate. Results: As expected, the STUDY protocol resulted in more prompted CPR time, more actual CPR delivered, and fewer shocks during the first 8 minutes of treatment. The VF termination rate did not differ between the two groups (85% CONTROL vs. 87% STUDY). The proportions of patients with ventricular complexes (24% vs. 27%), in asystole (61% vs. 60%), or remaining in a shockable rhythm (15% vs. 13%) at 5 seconds were also not different between the CONTROL and STUDY groups, respectively. Conclusion: Despite a reduction in CPR hands-off time, VF termination effectiveness of biphasic shocks is similar for Guidelines 2000 and Guidelines 2005 cardiac arrest treatment protocols.
A Novel Dicing tape for WLCSP Using Stealth Dicing Through Dicing tape and Back Side Protection-Film (2019)

Abstract Market demand of information terminals for Internet of Things (IoT) is increasing. So market situation requires various semiconductor packages. Wafer Level Chip Size Package (WLCSP) is one of the most important technology among them. We selected stealth dicing (SD) as a manufacturing method for WLCSP because the cutting speed is higher than blade dicing and the yield of semiconductor chip is higher than blade dicing. But, SD process still has some technical issues. In some cases, when the laser is irradiated from circuit side (from surface side of Si wafer), the metal pattern in circuit might prevent the laser focusing. In this case, the laser should be irradiated from backside of Si wafer through dicing tape. We have already developed a transparency suitable dicing tape for the SD process, but the base film material of the dicing tape is poly vinyl chloride (PVC) which is not becoming to conform with some of recent environmental standard. Market situation requires poly olefin (PO) dicing tape because of global environmental consideration. We developed PO dicing tape for SD process through dicing tape by conducting various evaluations. In this study, we report details of the development process of novel PO base film dicing tape with the same performance as PVC base film dicing tape and successfully separated a 12 inch silicon mirror wafer into 1 mm die squares and 12 inch silicon mirror wafer with the back side protection-film into 6 mm die squares.
Reliability and Variability of Impedance Measured by Real‐Time Telemetry (1996)

The studied pacemakers provide reliable data for telemetrically measured impedance. Telemetrical impedance does not necessarily have to be measured at 5.0 V and 0.5 ms. These findings should be considered for measurement and interpretation of real-time telemetry impedance during follow-up.
Synthesis of Highly Oriented Graphite Films with a Low Wrinkle Density and Near-Millimeter-Scale Lateral Grains (2020)

Principal defects found in graphite films include grain boundaries and wrinkles. These defects are well known to have detrimental effects on properties such as thermal and electrical conductivities as well as mechanical properties. With a two-fold objective of synthesizing graphite films with large single crystal grains and no wrinkles, we have developed a relatively low-temperature (&amp;lt;1150 degrees C) process that involves the precipitation of graphite films from nickel-carbon solid solutions followed by in-situ etching of the nickel foil substrates with anhydrous chlorine gas to obtain near wrinkle free continuous graphite films. The size (L-a) distribution of lateral grains (or single crystal regions) in these highly oriented graphite films has been found to be asymmetric with the largest grains about 0.9 mm in diameter, as determined by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Thus, the growth of large-area graphite films with grains much larger than those reported for highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG, similar to 20 to 30 mu m), and with a low density of wrinkles, as in the case of HOPG, but prepared at much lower temperatures, is reported here.
Hand Controlled Manipulation of Single Molecules via a Scanning Probe Microscope with a 3D Virtual Reality Interface (2016)

Considering organic molecules as the functional building blocks of future nanoscale technology, the question of how to arrange and assemble such building blocks in a bottom-up approach is still open. The scanning probe microscope (SPM) could be a tool of choice; however, SPM-based manipulation was until recently limited to two dimensions (2D). Binding the SPM tip to a molecule at a well-defined position opens an opportunity of controlled manipulation in 3D space. Unfortunately, 3D manipulation is largely incompatible with the typical 2D-paradigm of viewing and generating SPM data on a computer. For intuitive and efficient manipulation we therefore couple a low-temperature non-contact atomic force/scanning tunneling microscope (LT NC-AFM/STM) to a motion capture system and fully immersive virtual reality goggles. This setup permits "hand controlled manipulation" (HCM), in which the SPM tip is moved according to the motion of the experimenter's hand, while the tip trajectories as well as the response of the SPM junction are visualized in 3D. HCM paves the way to the development of complex manipulation protocols, potentially leading to a better fundamental understanding of nanoscale interactions acting between molecules on surfaces. Here we describe the setup and the steps needed to achieve successful hand-controlled molecular manipulation within the virtual reality environment.
Superior Fuel and Operational Flexibility of Sequential Combustion in Ansaldo Energia Gas Turbines (2019)

The increasing use of renewables for energy production is also accompanied by an increasing need for flexible power production, while aiming at carbon free emissions. The potential solutions of energy storage of excess generation from renewables through hydrogen production and precombustion carbon capture are gaining momentum. Both scenarios require gas turbines capable of operation with hydrogen-based fuels. At the same time, the composition of natural gas considered for use within gas turbines is becoming significantly more variable due to increased use of liquefied natural gas and a wider range of gas sources and extraction methods. Fuel flexibility, both in terms of the amount of hydrogen and higher hydrocarbons is therefore of utmost importance in modern gas turbine development.
Intermolecular Coupling in Nanometric Domains of Light-Harvesting Dendrimer Films Studied by Photoluminescence Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (PL NSOM) (2002)

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) has been used to investigate the photophysical characteristics of first- to fourth-generation (G1 to G4) light-harvesting dendrimer thin films containing coumarin-343 and coumarin-2 as the core and peripheral chromophores, respectively. Thin film photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibit a significant red shift in the lower generations (G1, G2, and G3) as compared to their respective solution PL spectra, implying the formation of excimers. Spatially resolved PL NSOM images exhibit pronounced nanoscopic domains in G1, which become more homogeneous in higher generations due to site-isolation of the core chromophore. G4 exhibits complete site-isolation for these light-harvesting dendrimer films.
OOK/FSK WDM system using external optical FSK modulation (2005)

We demonstrated OOK/FSK simultaneous modulation in a WDM system, where optical labels for payloads in OOK signals can be in FSK format. 1 Gbps FSK signal was added to 4×10 Gbps OOK signals, by an FSK modulator. (2 pages)
Baars Falls Prey to the Timidity He Rejects:Commentary on Baars on Contrastive Analysis (1994)

cognitive scientists show in the face of consciousness is ridiculous. Unfortunately, all three succumb to a variation on the timidity they deprecate. Furthermore, Baars &amp;apos; own method, ``contrastic analysis,&amp;apos; &amp;apos; is at odds with the computational conception of mind that dominates contemporary cognitive science. 1.1 Baars is right to affirm Crick &amp;amp; Koch&amp;apos;s (1992) position that the timidity most cognitive scientists show in the face of consciousness is ridiculous. Unfortunately, all three succumb to a variation on the timidity they deprecate: they shrink back from trying to tackle the daunting ``explanatory chasm,&amp;apos;&amp;apos;&amp;lt;1&amp;gt; eloquently encapsulated by T.H. Huxley (1866): How it is that anything so remarkable as a state of consciousness comes about as a result of irritating nervous tissue, is just as unaccountable as the appearance of Djin when Aladdin rubbed his lamp. 1.2 Baars seems to say at one point that some investigators of consciousness have as a goal ``knowing what it&amp;apos;s like to be a bat.&amp;apos; &amp;apos; But of course there are no such people; the search for a scientifically respectable account of consciousness is hardly vespertilian.
Abstract 4969: Exosomal RNA based liquid biopsy detection of androgen receptor variant 7 in plasma from prostate cancer patients (2016)

Abstract Introduction Androgenic signaling is a critical part in the growth and survival of prostate cancer (PCa), especially in advanced, metastatic or recurrent disease. Consequently, the androgen receptor (AR) is a target for hormone therapies. Full-length androgen receptor mRNA is derived from 8 exons and encodes an N-terminal transactivation domain (exons 1-2), a DNA-binding domain (exons 2-3) and C-terminal ligand binding domain (exons 4-8). However, AR variants have been identified in which the ligand binding domain is removed by splicing between exons 1-3 and intronic, cryptic exons. One of these variants, ARv7, is highly expressed in patients and cultured PCa cells, which demonstrate resistance to hormone therapy treatment. To avoid ineffective procedures, the development of a liquid biopsy test for ARv7 expression would be a useful and non-invasive means of determining treatment strategies for PCa patients. Methods We have developed a diagnostic test to detect the presence of full-length androgen receptor and ARv7 transcripts in plasma samples taken from patients with advanced prostate cancer. The ExoDx™ ARv7 assay comprises a column-based isolation step yielding total exosomal RNA from 1-4 mls of patient plasma, followed by detection of both full-length androgen and the v7 receptor variants, using qPCR. Assay quality is monitored by inclusion of internal and external controls. Following validation, using both synthetic spikes and human samples, we monitored AR expression in plasma samples from treatment-resistant PCa patients. The data was analyzed and aligned with patient's response data. Results Here, we present proof of concept data for the ExoDX ARv7 assay. Using this novel diagnostic test, we were able to detect ARv7 variant mRNA in exosomal RNA isolated from patient plasma. We determined the profile of ARv7/FL transcripts in a cohort of prostate cancer patients with both high sensitivity and specificity, and observed concordance of the qPCR-based plasma results. Conclusions Liquid biopsies represent a low-risk, non-invasive and viable approach to testing for biomarkers in prostate cancer patients. Here, we demonstrate the capability of our validated diagnostic test to determine the presence of AR alternate transcripts in plasma. Since this analyte is the result of alternative splicing, it would not be detected in cell-free DNA alone. Monitoring plasma levels of ARv7 transcripts could enable effective personalized treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer and has clear clinical application. Citation Format: James Hurley, Vincent O’Neill, Graham Brock, Javed Siddiqui, Rohit Malik, Arul Chinnaiyan, Johan Skog. Exosomal RNA based liquid biopsy detection of androgen receptor variant 7 in plasma from prostate cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4969.