gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channel subtypes in cultured astrocytes (2003)

Transient intracellular [Ca(2+)] increases in astrocytes from influx and/or release from internal stores can release glutamate and thereby modulate synaptic transmission in adjacent neurons. Electrophysiological studies have shown that cultured astrocytes express voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels but their molecular identities have remained unexplored. We therefore performed RT-PCR analysis with primers directed to different voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel alpha(1) subunits. In primary cultures of astrocytes, we detected mRNA transcripts for the alpha(1B) (N-type), alpha(1C) (L-type), alpha(1D) (L-type), alpha(1E) (R-type), and alpha(1G) (T-type), but not alpha(1A) (P/Q-type), voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. We then used antibodies against all of the Ca(2+) channel subunits to confirm protein expression, via Western blots, and localization by means of immunocytochemistry. In Western blot analysis, we observed immunoreactive bands corresponding to the appropriate alpha(1) subunit proteins. Western blots showed an expression pattern similar to PCR results in that we detected proteins for the alpha(1B) (N-type), alpha(1C) (L-type), alpha(1D) (L-type), alpha(1E) (R-type), and alpha(1G) (T-type), but not alpha(1A) (P/Q-type). Using immunocytochemistry, we observed Ca(2+) channel expression for these subunits in punctate clusters on plasma membrane of GFAP-expressing astrocytes. These results confirm that cultured astrocytes express corresponding proteins to several high- and low-threshold Ca(2+) channels but not alpha(1A) (P/Q-type). Overall, our data indicate that astrocytes express multiple types of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, hinting at a complex regulation of Ca(2+) homeostasis in glial cells.
Long‐term performance and biocompatibility of a novel bioresorbable scaffold for peripheral arteries: A three‐year pilot study in Yucatan miniswine (2020)

In this pilot study, novel sirolimus-eluting BRS showed promising acute and chronic performance in the iliofemoral arteries of Yucatan miniswine.
Isomeric fused benzocarbazole as a chromophore for blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (2020)

Reporting two isomeric chromophores, <bold>NI-1</bold> and <bold>NI-2</bold> differ in their fusion positions for blue OLED applications. The different fusion positions significantly influenced the charge-transfer properties and thus the EL performances of <bold>NI</bold> based emitters.
Genetic and epigenetic loss of microRNA-31 leads to feed-forward expression of EZH2 in melanoma (2012)

MicroRNAs (miRs) play a key role in cancer etiology by coordinately repressing numerous target genes involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The genomic region in chromosome 9p21 that encompasses miR-31 is frequently deleted in solid cancers including melanoma; however the expression and functional role of miR-31 has not been previously studied in melanoma. Here, we queried the expression status and performed functional characterization of miR-31 in melanoma tissues and cell lines. We found that down-regulation of miR-31 was a common event in melanoma tumors and cell lines and was associated with genomic loss in a subset of samples. Down-regulation of miR-31 gene expression was also a result of epigenetic silencing by DNA methylation, and via EZH2-mediated histone methylation. Ectopic overexpression of miR-31 in various melanoma cell lines inhibited cell migration and invasion. miR-31 targets include oncogenic kinases such as SRC, MET, NIK (MAP3K14) and the melanoma specific oncogene RAB27a. Furthermore, miR-31 overexpression resulted in down-regulation of EZH2 and a de-repression of its target gene rap1GAP; increased expression of EZH2 was associated with melanoma progression and overall patient survival. Taken together, our study supports a tumor suppressor role for miR-31 in melanoma and identifies novel therapeutic targets.
Development of Cane with Shape-fitting Mechanism to Uneven Terrain (2016)

In this paper, we propose the cane that has shape-fitting mechanism to support a user on uneven terrain. The mechanism allows to fit to the ground passively. The grounded part consists of three shape-fitting fingers and the center rod. We explain the detail of the grounded part and three experiments about the performance evaluation.
Competitive Surfactant Adsorption of AOT and TWEEN 20 on Gold Measured Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (2014)

Competitive surfactant adsorption of anionic surfactant AOT and nonionic surfactant Tween 20 on gold was investigated by using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) at 25 °C. The adsorption isotherm of pure AOT did not reach a plateau at the CMC, but rather adsorption continued to increase gradually at concentrations higher than the CMC before reaching a plateau. This behavior is evidence of competitive adsorption between AOT and impurities. The adsorbed layer of AOT on gold became more viscoelastic as the concentration of AOT increased. Tween 20 reached the plateau adsorption on gold before its concentration reached the CMC, suggesting that the attraction between Tween 20 and gold is very strong. The Tween 20 adsorbed layer was rigid when compared to the AOT adsorbed layer, as indicated by low dissipation. The addition of Tween 20 to a surface covered by AOT resulted in an increase in adsorbed mass, suggestive of the insertion of Tween 20 into the AOT adsorbed layer as expected because Tween 20 is able to separate the repulsive headgroups of AOT. When AOT was added to a preformed Tween 20 layer, a drop in the adsorbed amount was found between 0 and 0.1 CMC, and then no change was observed until the CMC of AOT was reached; the adsorbed amount then increased, reaching a final adsorption greater than that of pure AOT. All data support the formation of mixed surfactant layers on the surface. Although a two-step model fit both AOT and Tween 20 adsorption kinetic data well, AOT was found to adsorb much more slowly than Tween 20.
Mixing of granular materials in slowly rotated containers (1996)

Abstract Noncohesive granular materials in slowly rotated containers mix by discrete avalanches; such a process can be described mathematically as a mapping of avalanching wedges. A natural decomposition is thus proposed: a geometrical part consisting of a mapping wedge → wedge , which captures large‐scale aspects of the problem; a dynamical part confined to the avalanche itself, which captures details emanating from differences in size/density/morphology. Both viewpoints are developed and comparisons with experiments are used to verify the predictions of the models. In this article, we develop a model of granular mixing and show how to extend the model in order that it may: (1) handle complicated geometries, (2) be applicable for 3‐D mixers, (3) rapidly test mixing enhancement strategies, and (4) incorporate differences in particle properties. In addition, an optimal fill level is determined for several 2‐D mixing geometries, and a novel hybrid—geometrical/dynamical—computational technique is proposed. By merging the geometrical and dynamical viewpoints, this technique reduces the computational time of a typical molecular‐dynamics‐type simulation by a factor of 15. The ultimate goal is to provide fundamental understanding and tools for the rational design and optimization of granular mixing devices.
The Formation of Ultrafine Particles of Metal Sulfide by the Electrostatic Spray Pyrolysis Method. (1996)

In the preparation of fine particles of metal sulfide, such as zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide using the spray pyrolysis method, the electrostatic spray method was applied to atomize the starting solutions. The optimum operation conditions where the droplets can be generated from a Taylor cone were examined experimentally. It is shown that the use of the electrostatic spray pyrolysis method is available for preparing several dozen nanometer size fine particles, in comparison with a typical ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method that produces fine particles of several hundred nanometer size.
Effect of cellular physiology on PCR amplification efficiency (1995)

Culture conditions, and other variables that modulate a cell's physiology, can bias a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification against generating a representative population profile. Two Pseudomonas putida nahR alleles were constructed in pUC19 that differ solely in a 31-bp internal segment whose sequence has been inverted. After PCR amplification, the products could be distinguished on the basis of a change in a unique restriction site. When an Escherichia coli strain carrying one nahR allele is submitted to different growth conditions, the consequences of such variations on the relative PCR amplification of whole cells can be ascertained through coamplification with a strain carrying the other allele and subsequent restriction analysis. Cells in stationary phase displayed improved amplifiability while cells grown at 42 degrees C were equally amplifiable as compared to cells grown at 37 degrees C. However, sublethal levels of tetracycline or growth in minimal medium made the PCR target in these cells relatively less amplifiable. When cells are completely lysed and the plasmid DNA is purified beforehand, the coamplification bias is eliminated. These results suggest that mixed populations containing cells in different physiological states may not be representatively amplified by PCR unless a DNA extraction step is included.
Weak links and critical current density in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox thin films (1993)

Magnetization measurements were performed on epitaxial and textured Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox thin films deposited on (100) LaAlO3 and MgO substrates. An anomalous dependence of the critical current density derived from magnetization hysteresis measurement on magnetic field is observed. The measured critical current density shows a minimum at a magnetic field (Hm) far below the upper critical field Hc2. The measured Hm in epitaxial films has an exponential dependence on temperature, e−T/T0 (T0∼12.5 K). The anomalous field dependence of critical current density is attributed to the presence of weak links in the films.
First experimental demonstration of full-duplex communication on a single laser beam (2004)

We present the first experimental demonstration of full-duplex communication on a single laser beam. The forward link beam simultaneously transmits the forward link data and serves as the carrier wave for the return link. A fraction of incident forward link beam is modulated and retro-reflected back to the receiver location. The forward link data format must be designed so that it is invisible to the return link’s data detection system. We have named this architecture the “Lightwire. In addition there was no system trade-off required by this architecture. Thus we have demonstrated full-duplex on a single optical beam without any performance penalty. We will present the experimental system and discuss the experimental results.
MRI scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity and severity in Crohn’s disease (2015)

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: The primary objective is to systematically review the current literature describing the development and operating characteristics of MRI scoring indices used for evaluation of disease activity in Crohn's disease.
Quasistatic X-Ray Speckle Metrology of Microscopic Magnetic Return-Point Memory (2003)

We have used coherent, resonant, x-ray magnetic speckle patterns to measure the statistical evolution of the microscopic magnetic domains in perpendicular magnetic films as a function of the applied magnetic field. Our work constitutes the first direct, ensemble-averaged study of microscopic magnetic return-point memory, and demonstrates the profound impact of interfacial roughness on this phenomenon. At low fields, the microscopic magnetic domains forget their past history with an exponential field dependence.
Mechanisms of Perforation-Induced Damage in Carbonates and the Effect on Injection Flow Performance (2018)

Abstract Fluid diversion in heterogeneous carbonate formations is critical to the design of successful stimulation treatments. In cased andperforated wells, microstructural damage around the perforated tunnels represents a significant challenge for the analysis of flow distribution along the wellbore. While this damaged or"crushed" zone has been a subject of numerous studies involving sandstones, the specific mechanisms of perforation damage in carbonates and theeffect on flow efficiency are not well understood. We examine the carbonate crushed zone at a fundamental level by interpreting the results of flow experiments on perforated cores using direct observation and analysis of the crushed zone at the porescale. Injectivity index was recorded in Indiana limestone (IL) cores perforated using a gas-filled wellbore, an approach that suppresses wellbore dynamics and produces worst-case damage conditions. After the flow test, continuum modelsof the perforated coreswere constructed fromcomputerized tomography (CT) scans and used to calculate core flow efficiency (CFE) andaverage crushed zone permeability. Novel image analysis algorithms extracted the radial variation of pore-scale quantities across the crushed zone from high-resolution scans of thin sections at multiple axial locations along the tunnel. A correlation wasthen developed which estimates the radial variation of permeability in the near-tunnel region from each thin section. The permeability model is calibrated using analytical solutions that connect the crushed zone and virgin rock permeability profiles to experimental measurements made in the core test. The calibration approach makes use of a new approximate analytical solution for the flow field around a perforation with nonuniform tunnel geometry and crushed zone damage. In the flow experiments, we observe a persistent drop in CFE for multiple charge types and test fluids as the initial core permeability is increased over two orders of magnitude. This is found to coincide with a decreasing ratio of average crushed-zone to virgin-rock permeability. Thin section analysis reveals that crushed zone damage is dominated by pore compaction near the tunnel edge, which has a characteristic signature in terms of the radial variation of porosity and pore-perimeter to surface-area ratio. Analysis of the spatial distribution of permeability suggests that flow efficiency is controlled by a low-porosity zone near the tunnel edge in which the damage is dominated by porecompaction.
Significant Expansion of Real-Time PCR Multiplexing with Traditional Chemistries using Amplitude Modulation (2019)

The real time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) is an essential method for detecting nucleic acids that has a wide range of clinical and research applications. Current multiplexed rtPCR is capable of detecting four to six nucleic acid targets in a single sample. However, advances in clinical medicine are driving the need to measure many more targets at once. We demonstrate a novel method which significantly increases the multiplexing capability of any existing rtPCR instrument without new hardware, software, or chemistry. The technique works by varying the relative TaqMan probe concentrations amongst targets that are measured in a single fluorometric channel. Our fluorescent amplitude modulation method generates a unique rtPCR signature for every combination of targets present in a reaction. We demonstrate this technique by measuring nine different targets across three color channels with TaqMan reporting probes, yielding a detection accuracy of 98.9% across all combinations of targets. In principle this method could be extended to measure 6 or more targets per color channel across any number of color channels without loss in specificity.
Etude expérimentale d’un interposeur thermique à changement de phase pour le management thermique de composants électroniques (2014)

National audience
Who Needs Decoders? Efficient Estimation of Sequence-level Attributes (2023)

State-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence models often require autoregressive decoding, which can be highly expensive. However, for some downstream tasks such as out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and resource allocation, the actual decoding output is not needed just a scalar attribute of this sequence. In these scenarios, where for example knowing the quality of a system's output to predict poor performance prevails over knowing the output itself, is it possible to bypass the autoregressive decoding? We propose Non-Autoregressive Proxy (NAP) models that can efficiently predict general scalar-valued sequence-level attributes. Importantly, NAPs predict these metrics directly from the encodings, avoiding the expensive autoregressive decoding stage. We consider two sequence-to-sequence task: Machine Translation (MT); and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). In OOD for MT, NAPs outperform a deep ensemble while being significantly faster. NAPs are also shown to be able to predict performance metrics such as BERTScore (MT) or word error rate (ASR). For downstream tasks, such as data filtering and resource optimization, NAPs generate performance predictions that outperform predictive uncertainty while being highly inference efficient.
Iron regulation of transferrin receptor, ferroportin and ferritin is intact in SK-Mel-5 cells. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Treatment of HeLa or SK-Mel-5 cells with 100 µM DFO for 24 hrs resulted in increased expression of the transferrin receptor in both cell lines, and a decrease in ferroportin and ferritin in SK-Mel-5 cells. Baf treatment had a similar effect, with the exception that ferroportin expression in SK-Mel-5 cells was increased by Baf. HeLa cells did not express ferroportin and SK-Mel-5 cells had very low expression of DMT1. TfR, transferrin receptor. DMT1, divalent metal transporter 1. FPN1, ferroportin 1. FTH, ferritin H heavy chain. The immunoblots shown are representative of two independent experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
Topical immunotherapy of basal cell carcinomas with dinitrochlorobenzene. (1973)

Summary One hundred thirteen tumors in 5 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-sensitized patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas were treated with topical DNCB. Thirty-six of the 113, or 32%, showed complete clinical regression, for periods of 5 to 18 months. An additional 29% (33 or 113) showed partial regression. DNCB induced only 15 to 25% complete regression in 4 of the 5 patients, whereas 21 of 30, or 70% of basal cell carcinomas treated with DNCB underwent complete regression in the 5th patient. In addition to variation of patient response, there was variation of response of tumors on the same patient. Photographic data presented separately are of a 6th patient with uncountable confluent basal cell carcinomas who responded well to DNCB, but in whom accurate quantification on an individual tumor basis was not possible. Controls in this study included 63 untreated tumors that were adjacent to and distant from treated tumors. These control tumors showed no evidence of regression. Eleven tumors treated with inert vehicles did not respond. One subject with over 100 nodular basal cell carcinomas became tolerant to DNCB and failed to respond to high concentrations of the drug. Croton oil, a primary irritant that induces inflammation without evidence of cell-mediated immunity, did cause complete regression in 6 of 26 (23%) treated tumors. The mechanism of DNCB-induced regression of basal cell carcinoma remains unknown. The disappearance of locally invasive human cancer following the therapeutic imposition of a controlled allergic contact dermatitis provides a useful model for the study of immunotherapy of cancer in humans.
Evaluation of Armrest Loading in Side Impacts (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Door armrests of different crush properties and placement were evaluated in a series of side impact sled tests. Three armrest designs were fabricated with an identical shape but different crush force. The crush properties covered a range in occupant protection systems based on knowledge of human tolerance in side impacts. With BioSID, the softest armrest produced the lowest compression and Viscous responses, and the probability of &lt;b&gt;AIS&lt;/b&gt; 4+ injury was below 1%. The compression-based responses increased significantly in tests with armrests of a higher crush force. The profile of the stiffer armrests clearly protruded into the dummy, and the probability of serious injury was 86%-100% based on compression. With SID, the lowest &lt;b&gt;TTI(d)&lt;/b&gt; was with the intermediate stiffness armrest. The SID dummy and &lt;b&gt;TTI(d)&lt;/b&gt; criterion indicated a 4%-8% probability of AIS 4+ injury for all test conditions and armrest designs. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was r&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;s&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.09 indicating a difference in &lt;b&gt;sorting&lt;/b&gt; designs with VC (or C) in BioSID and &lt;b&gt;TTI(d)&lt;/b&gt; in SID. In companion tests, AIS 4 injuries occurred in anesthetized animals exposed to similar side impact loadings from the intermediate stiffness armrest, whereas AIS 2 injuries occurred with the softest design. These data confirm the appropriateness of VC (or C) in BioSID and insensitivity of &lt;b&gt;TTI(d)&lt;/b&gt; in SID for side impact injury assessment.&lt;/div&gt;
Mechanochemical Synthesis of High Entropy Oxide Materials under Ambient Conditions: Dispersion of Catalysts via Entropy Maximization (2019)

The solid-solution metal oxide (NiMgCuZnCo)O is the first known high-entropy (HE) metal oxide synthesized, forming a poster child of the emerging high-entropy oxide materials, which is derived from high-temperature synthesis methodologies (>900 °C). In this work, we report the mechanochemical synthesis of this known HE metal oxide (NiMgCuZnCo)O under ambient conditions. The advantage of this approach was further demonstrated by the introduction of up to 5 wt % noble metal into (NiMgCuZnCo)O, as single atoms or nanoclusters, which showed good stability at high temperature and produced a high catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of atmospheric CO2 to CO. The latter work demonstrated the unique advantage of using HE materials to disperse catalysis centers.
Application de la respirométrie pour le suivi de l'activité de la biomasse d'un biofiltre sur lit organique traitant du lisier de porc (2005)

Abstract L'opération de systèmes de biofiltration à support organique nécessite le développement de méthodes de suivi simples et rapides La respirométrie de type LSS a donc été adaptée afin d'évaluer l'activité potentielle des organismes hétérotrophes présents dans le biofiltre. Des essais respirométriques ont été réalisés à différentes concentrations de milieu filtrant afin d'adapter la méthode à cette biomasse, fixée sur le support. Des colonnes de biofiltration de laboratoire ont été montées et alimentées à des charges hydrauliques et massiques variables et à des durées de fonctionnement différentes afin d'évaluer l'activité hétérotrophe à divers degrés de colonisation. Même après 60 jours d'opération des biofiltres, pour différentes conditions d'opération, la colonisation du milieu filtrant est toujours en accroissement et le suivi respirométrique reflète une colonisation du milieu filtrant lente dans le temps. L'activité des microorganismes a pu être mise en relation avec la quantité de matière organique cumulée dans le biofiltre. Les relations obtenues démontrent que la charge organique et la charge hydraulique ont une influence importante sur l'activité de la biomasse.