gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DILAND: An Algorithm for Distributed Sensor Localization With Noisy Distance Measurements (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We present an algorithm for distributed sensor localization with noisy distance measurements (DILAND) that extends and makes the DLRE more robust. DLRE is a distributed sensor localization algorithm in <emphasis emphasistype="italic"><formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\BBR ^{m}~(m\geq 1)$</tex></formula></emphasis> introduced in our previous work (<emphasis emphasistype="boldital">IEEE Trans. Signal Process.</emphasis>, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 2000–2016, May 2009). DILAND operates when: 1) the communication among the sensors is noisy; 2) the communication links in the network may fail with a nonzero probability; and 3) the measurements performed to compute distances among the sensors are corrupted with noise. The sensors (which do not know their locations) lie in the convex hull of at least <emphasis emphasistype="italic"><formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$m+1$</tex></formula></emphasis> anchors (nodes that know their own locations). Under minimal assumptions on the connectivity and triangulation of each sensor in the network, we show that, under the broad random phenomena described above, DILAND converges almost surely (a.s.) to the exact sensor locations. </para>
Hydrothermal Realization of High‐Power Nanocomposite Cathodes for Lithium Ion Batteries (2012)

A generic, facile, and rapid low-temperature, one-pot synthesis method is used to grow highly crystalline LiMn2O4 nanoparticles in situ within a homogeneously dispersed conductive percolation network of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The resulting LiMn2O4/MWCNT nanocomposite displays an unprecedented high rate capability (high power density) when used as cathode for lithium ion batteries. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as "Supporting Information". Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Coercivity tuning in Co/Pd multilayer based bit patterned media (2009)

In order to adjust the reversal field of high anisotropy [Co(2.8 Å)/Pd(9 Å)]8 bit patterned media (BPM), one may increase the individual Co thickness to change the overall anisotropy or alternatively combine the high anisotropy multilayer with a lower anisotropy material, thus creating a heterogeneous laminated system. In the current study, we find that [Co/Pd]8−N[Co/Ni]N hard-soft laminated BPM allows tuning the coercivity while maintaining a narrow normalized switching field distribution (σSFD/HC), whereas homogeneous structures with increased individual Co thickness show a more pronounced increase in σSFD/HC. Possible reasons for the different behavior, such as changes in strain and texture, are discussed.
A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences (2012)

The EarthCube Workflows Community Group was formed in March 2012 as part of the NSF EarthCube initiative in response to initial discussions in EarthCube that occurred during 2011. Workflows are used to manage complex computations that have many steps or use large data. Workflow systems assist scientists to select models appropriate for their data, configure them with appropriate parameters, and execute them efficiently. The EarthCube community saw great value in workflow technologies for the future of geosciences. The goal of the EarthCube Workflows Community Group was to begin to elicit requirements for workflows in geosciences, ascertain the state of the art and current practices, identify current gaps in both the use of and capabilities of current workflow systems in the earth sciences through use case studies, and identify grand challenges for the next decade along with the possible paths to addressing those challenges. The group was asked to produce a roadmap for workflows in geosciences. Three other Community Groups were formed (Data, Semantics and Ontologies, and Governance), and each was asked to create a roadmap in their area. \nThe group held a series of virtual and face-to-face workshops to solicit participation from the geosciences community and other relevant researchers. The EarthCube Workflows Community Group set up a public web site where all their activities were made open for participation from the community and all documents were posted for public access and editing (https://sites.google.com/site/earthcubeworkflow/). Presentations and discussions were recorded and posted on the site. A key result of the work of the EarthCube Workflows Community Group activities in Spring and Summer 2012 was the creation of a workflows roadmap for the geosciences. An initial roadmap document for the EarthCube community that was first released in June 2012 and presented to the EarthCube community. A revised roadmap was delivered to the community in August 2012. The roadmap serves as a living document created as a group effort with provisions and a process to update and extend it over time.This document represents the final roadmap of the NSF EarthCube Community Group for workflows in the geosciences. Community feedback is always welcome, as the roadmap will be revised and extended while EarthCube activities continue.
Time reversal of noise sources in a reverberation room (2005)

Usually, time reversal is studied with pulsed emissions. Here, the properties of time reversal of the acoustic field emitted by noise sources in a reverberation room are studied numerically, theoretically, and experimentally. A time domain numerical simulation of a two-dimensional enclosure shows that the intensity of a time-reversed noise is strongly enhanced right on the initial source position. A theory based on the link that exists between time reversal of noise and the "well-known" time reversal of short pulse is developed. One infers that the focal spot size equals half a wavelength and the signal to noise ratio only depends on the number of transceivers in the time reversal mirror. This last property is characteristic of the time reversal of noise. Experimental results are obtained in a 5 X 3 X 3 m3 reverberation room. The working frequency range varies from 300 Hz to 2 kHz. The ability of the time reversal process to physically reconstruct the image of two noise sources is studied. To this end, care is given to the technique to separate two close random sources, and also to the influence of temperature fluctuations on the focusing quality.
Reduction in switching current using a low-saturation magnetization Co–Fe–(Cr, V)–B free layer in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (2009)

Magnetic properties, magnetoresistance (MR), and spin-transfer switching of magnetic tunnel junctions having a structure of Co60Fe20B20 3 nm/MgO 1 nm/(Co75Fe25)80−XCr(V)XB20 2 nm (X=0–25) were investigated. Magnetization of the (Co–Fe)–(Cr, V)–B free layer decreased from 1.2 T before substitution to 0.6 T at Cr of 10% (0.8 T at V of 10%). The MR ratio and a resistance-area product (RA) before substitution were, respectively, about 130% and about 2 Ω μm2. The MR ratio decreased to 80% at Cr of 10% and 40% at V of 10%. The RA values were almost independent of the composition. The intrinsic switching current density (Jc0) decreased from 15 to 8 MA/cm2 at Cr of 10% and 12 MA/cm2 for V of 10%. Upon the further increase in Cr and V, stable switching was difficult to observe. In summary, Jc0 decreased to half in the case of Cr, but the effect was small for V.
Orbital Angular Momentum-based Space Division Multiplexing for High-capacity Underwater Optical Communications (2016)

To increase system capacity of underwater optical communications, we employ the spatial domain to simultaneously transmit multiple orthogonal spatial beams, each carrying an independent data channel. In this paper, we multiplex and transmit four green orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams through a single aperture. Moreover, we investigate the degrading effects of scattering/turbidity, water current, and thermal gradient-induced turbulence, and we find that thermal gradients cause the most distortions and turbidity causes the most loss. We show systems results using two different data generation techniques, one at 1064 nm for 10-Gbit/s/beam and one at 520 nm for 1-Gbit/s/beam, we use both techniques since present data-modulation technologies are faster for infrared (IR) than for green. For the higher-rate link, data is modulated in the IR, and OAM imprinting is performed in the green using a specially-designed metasurface phase mask. For the lower rates, a green laser diode is directly modulated. Finally, we show that inter-channel crosstalk induced by thermal gradients can be mitigated using multi-channel equalisation processing.
Efficient Spatial Tracking for iOS Devices (2015)

We propose a simple and effective yet novel method designed for iOS smartphones that autonomously tracks its user's destinations and sparse trajectory. The smartphone application manages to do that 24/7 unobtrusively in the background and without consuming noticeable by the user battery energy. In t
Effects in vitro of two marine substances, chlorolissoclimide and dichlorolissoclimide, on a non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma line (NSCLC-N6). (1992)

The antiproliferative activity of two nitrogenous labdane cytotoxic substances from Lissoclinum voeltzkowi Michaelson (Urochordata), dichlorolissoclimide (P2) and chlorolissoclimide (P1), was studied in vitro on a continuous human non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma line (NSCLC-N6) at the cell cycle level. This antiproliferative effect resulted from a blockade of G1 phase cells. Mortality occurred, regardless of the degree of cell ploidy, with cell transition to an out-of-cycle situation characteristic of a G1D terminal maturation state.
High Assurance Computing on Open Hardware Architectures (2003)

We investigate the problem of supporting a high-assurance operating system on open hardware architectures, which support a large and diverse collection of peripheral devices. The paper focuses on the problems that arise in this context for the management of DMA devices and memory. Our solution combines aspects of virtual machine monitors (VMM) and Exokernels with new software and hardware techniques. In particular, we remove drivers for DMA devices from the base layer without compromising safety. Furthermore, we describe an algorithm that allows guest operating systems to operate directly on the address translation hardware without compromising safety. Beyond our initial goals, we believe that these techniques can be of more general interest in the construction of VMMs and Exokernels. The paper presents a limited prototype implementation for x86 processors and performance measurements. The techniques presented in this paper are being implemented for wide deployment in future versions of x86-class processors and Microsoft’s Next Generation Secure Computing Base (NGSCB).
Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition of Ultrathin Polymer Coatings at Graphite Electrodes for Enhanced Performance in Li-Ion Batteries (2020)

The solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs) that form in situ at Li-ion battery electrodes play a critical role in determining cell- and system-level characteristics, but may not contribute optimized performance. Power, cycle life, and safety are improved when the electrodes are deliberately modified with nanoscale, Li + -conducting coatings. Herein, we use initiated chemical vapor deposition ( i CVD) to apply ultrathin (&lt;40 nm) polymer coatings, based on the monomer, 1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane (V3D3), at the surfaces of powder-composite graphite electrodes. The conformal nature of the polymer deposition is verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the expected chemical structure and nanoscale nature of the polymer. Poly(V3D3)-coated graphite electrodes are electrochemically evaluated in coin cells that include conventional liquid Li-ion electrolytes and LiCoO 2 -based cathodes. Galvanostatic tests on these cells demonstrate significant improvements in specific power, coulombic efficiency, cycle life, and tolerance to overcharge conditions vs equivalent cells containing unmodified graphite anodes, while impedance analysis shows reduced charge-transfer resistance and more consistent cell-to-cell behavior with polymer-coated graphite anodes. Finally, we use XPS with depth profiling to demonstrate that some conventional SEI products do form within/beneath the poly(V3D3) coating after extensive cycling, but in speciations such as LiF, that are favorable for electrochemical performance.
Multimode EDFA With Scalable Mode Selective Gain Control at 1480-nm Pump Wavelength (2018)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are a promising solution for the signal amplification in long-haul mode-division multiplexed transmission systems. In order to minimize signal degradations by these amplifiers, low mode dependent gain and noise figures are desirable. We propose a scalable mode dependent gain equalization scheme for the 1480-nm pump wavelength. Contrary to the 980-nm pump wavelength, each signal mode has a maximum overlap with only one pump mode. Due to this, a scalable mode selective gain control is achievable by adjusting the pump modes. In this letter, we demonstrate the scalability of our approach with the number of signal modes by numerical simulation. Furthermore, we propose a two-stage amplifier setup in which the mode dependent gain of both stages is compensated in the second stage, pumped at a wavelength of 1480 nm.
PUNS: transcriptomic- and genomic-in silico PCR for enhanced primer design (2004)

Both system access and source-code are freely available at http://okeylabimac.med.utoronto.ca/PUNS.
Abstract 2799: New-generation glucose transporter inhibitors targeting non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (2018)

Abstract Cancer is a top killer second only to cardiovascular diseases. Cellular metabolic reprogramming and altered energetics are key features of cancer. Opportunistic uptake of extracellular nutrients has recently been named as an emerging hallmark of cancer metabolism. Glucose is a key nutrient taken in by cancer cells to meet their high energy and biosynthesis needs. Drastic upregulation of glucose uptake and glycolytic activity, a phenomenon called the Warburg effect, is prevalent in most cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cancer cells overexpress specific glucose transporters (GLUTs), particularly GLUT1, on their membranes to transport glucose via facilitated diffusion. Considering the addiction of cancer cells for glucose and their sensitivity and vulnerability to changes in glucose supply, GLUTs, especially GLUT1, have been recognized as an attractive anticancer target. We previously reported the identification of first-generation lead GLUT1 inhibitor WZB117. WZB117 treatment of human NSCLC A549 cells resulted in inhibition of glucose uptake, glycolysis and induction of apoptosis and necrosis (1). In addition, WZB-117 reduced tumor growth by more than 70% in an A549 tumor mouse model (1). Through a structure activity relationship (SAR) study of WZB117, a second-generation lead, DRB18, has been identified. DRB-18 is much more stable and 5 to 10 times more potent than WZB117 in inhibiting growth and proliferation in more than 90% of the 60 different cancer cell lines in 9 major cancer types as revealed by NCI-60 screenings. The compound shows particularly higher potency against cell lines with more metastatic potential such as HOP92 (NSCLC) and MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) with IC50 values in high nM range. DRB-18 also demonstrates a favorable liver microsomal metabolic profile and a maximal tolerance dose (MTD). All these indicate that DRB-18 is a potential therapeutic candidate for treating NSCLC and TNBC. Reference: 1. Liu Y, Cao Y, Zhang W, et al. A small-molecule inhibitor of glucose transporter 1 downregulates glycolysis, induces cell-cycle arrest, and inhibits cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2012;11(8):1672-82. Citation Format: Pratik Shriwas, Yanrong Qian, Xuan Wang, Dennis Roberts, Stephen Bergmeier, Xiaozhuo Chen. New-generation glucose transporter inhibitors targeting non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2799.
Errata on "GA-fuzzy modeling and classification: complexity and performance" and "Compact and transparent fuzzy models and classifiers through iterative complexity reduction" (2003)

The authors would like to correct a typing error that repeatedly appeared in their work in [ibid., vol. 8, pp. 509-522, Oct. 2000] and [ibid., vol. 9, pp. 516-524, Aug. 2001], and, thereafter, also in J. Nunez-Garcia and O. Wolkenhauer's "Random set system identification," [IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 10, pp. 287-296, June 2002] and the authors' contribution "The practical handbook of genetic algorithms: Applications" [in Compact Fuzzy Models and Classifiers Through Model Reduction and Evolutionary Optimization, 2nd ed, L. Chambers, Ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2000, ch. 1, pp. 31-59]. Namely, in several papers, they applied the data from L. Wang and J. Yen (1998 & 1999) as a benchmark problem. Unfortunately, the dynamic model equation (1), corrected here, was incorrectly repeated and duplicated due to a typing error that appeared in the first of the above-named articles, i.e., a '+' operator is missing in [eq. 11, p. 513]. Thereafter, it was wrongly duplicated in the second named article [eq. 13, p. 519], and in the other works as noted. Concluding, the correct equation (1) is given here.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3‐Substituted Pyridinium Salts (2016)

The use of an equivalent amount of an organic base leads to high enantiomeric excess in the asymmetric hydrogenation of N-benzylated 3-substituted pyridinium salts into the corresponding piperidines. Indeed, in the presence of Et3 N, a Rh-JosiPhos catalyst reduced a range of pyridinium salts with ee values up to 90 %. The role of the base was elucidated with a mechanistic study involving the isolation of the various reaction intermediates and isotopic labeling experiments. Additionally, this study provided some evidence for an enantiodetermining step involving a dihydropyridine intermediate.
Serotonin and substance P colocalization in medullary projections to the nucleus tractus solitarius: dual-colour immunohistochemistry combined with retrograde tracing. (1989)

Serotonin (5HT) and substance P (SP) are colocalized in terminals within the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). The purpose of the present study was to determine the origin of these terminals. 5HT- and SP-immunoreactivities (IR) were visualized using dual-colour immunofluorescence histochemistry with amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid- and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated secondary antisera, while NTS-afferent neurons were visualized by retrograde labelling with rhodamine beads. Extensive colocalization of 5HT- and SP-IR was seen in NTS-afferent neurons located in the nucleus raphe pallidus, nucleus raphe obscurus, nucleus raphe magnus, and in the parapyramidal region. Over 80 per cent of the SP-IR NTS-afferent neurons contained 5HT-IR, while 68 per cent of the 5HT-IR neurons contained SP-IR. Thus, 5HT- and SP-IR are extensively colocalized in NTS-afferent neurons in the medullary raphe nuclei and associated areas of the ventral medulla.
Corrosion Behavior and Passive Film Characteristics Formed on Ti, Ti[sub 3]SiC[sub 2], and Ti[sub 4]AlN[sub 3] in H[sub 2]SO[sub 4] and HCl (2004)

We report on the chemical and electrochemical corrosion of Ti, and in HCl and solutions. The chemical corrosion of under conditions similar to those used industrially for the electrolysis of HCl (15% HCl, 65°C) is significantly better than that of pure Ti, indicating that it could be a promising substrate for dimensionally stable anodes. The enhanced resistance is attributed to the formation of a thin, passivating -based layer. The same layer protects during its anodic oxidation. After a 4 day period, during which the rate of growth of the -based layer is initially high, but then slows to a steady rate of about is established, which translates to a Ti dissolution rate of Analysis of Mott-Schottky plots and electrochemical impedance spectra show that the passive films that form onto Ti and in 1 M HCl and at room temperature are n-type semiconductors dominated by space-charge capacitances. The films forming on have significantly lower space-charge-layer thicknesses and higher donor densities than those that form on Ti. Preliminary results for indicate that the passive film formed is a p-type semiconductor. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Arousal responses to airway occlusion in sleeping dogs: comparison of nasal and tracheal occlusions (1987)

Previous studies have shown that the arousal threshold to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and tracheal occlusions is greatly depressed in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep compared with slow-wave sleep (SWS). The aim of this study was to compare the arousal thresholds in SWS and REM sleep in response to an upper airway pressure stimulus. We compared the waking responses to tracheal (T) vs. nasal (N) occlusion in four unanesthetized, naturally sleeping dogs. The dogs either breathed through a tracheal fistula or through the snout using a fiberglass mask. A total of 295 T and 160 N occlusion tests were performed in SWS and REM sleep. The mean time to arousal during N and T tests was variable in the same dog and among the dogs. The mean time to arousal in SWS-tracheal occlusion was longer than that in N tests in only two of the four dogs. The total number of tests inducing arousal within the first 15 s of SWS-nasal occlusion tests was significantly more than that of T tests (N: 47%; T: 27%). There was a marked depression of arousal within the initial 15 s of REM sleep in T tests compared with N tests (N: 21%; T: 0%). The frequency of early arousals in REM tests was less than that of SWS for both N and T tests. The early arousal in N occlusion is in sharp contrast to the well-described depressed arousal responses to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and asphyxia. This pattern of arousal suggests that the upper airway mechanoreceptors may play an important role in the induction of an early arousal from nasal occlusion.
ORIGINS OF REDUCTION IN EFFICIENCY IN MICROFLUIDIC PARTICLE SEPARATION (2010)

Microfluidic particle separation often gets degraded by defocusing of particles at high concentration due to hydrodynamic particle-particle interactions. We theoretically and experimentally studied the origins of these interactions; the reversing wake reflected from nearby channel walls is found to be the dominant interaction. In addition we present a unique mechanism for the dynamic self-assembly particles in finite-Reynolds number channel flow. Inertial lift forces and a parabolic flow field act together to stabilize interparticle spacings that otherwise would diverge to infinity due to viscous wakes.