gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of NMeTyr5 substitution in luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe effect of NMeTyr5 substitution in luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonistsFortuna Haviv, Timothy D. Fitzpatrick, Charles J. Nichols, Rolf E. Swenson, Nicholas A. Mort, Eugene N. Bush, Gilbert Diaz, A. T. Nguyen, Mark R. Holst, and Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 7, 928–933Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00059a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00059a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Properties of optically and thermally stimulated luminescence of novel storage phosphor materials: Doped and undoped CsCaCl<sub>3</sub> ceramics (2017)

We report the properties of CsCaCl3, storage phosphors doped with Eu, Ce, or Cu. Both doped and undoped CsCaCl3 samples were synthesized as ceramics. For undoped CsCaCl3, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectrum showed a broad band around 360–390 nm, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) spectrum exhibited the same band with a shoulder near 320 nm. These bands were attributed to different kinds of defects or impurities. The OSL and TSL spectra of Eu-doped CsCaCl3 showed a band around 440 nm arising from the 5d–4f transition of Eu2+. The Ce-doped CsCaCl3 showed the OSL and TSL bands originating from the 5d–4f transition of Ce3+. An intense band at 345 nm appeared in the OSL spectrum of Cu-doped CsCaCl3 due to Cu+, and an additional peak at 430 nm was ascribed to Cu+ ion perturbed by OH− ion. On the other hand, the TSL spectrum of Cu-doped CsCaCl3 had a peak around 470 nm and it was assigned to Cu2+. The TSL glow curves of the undoped, Eu-doped, Ce-doped, and Cu-doped CsCaCl3 were different from each other. This suggested that the dopant ions influenced the trapping process of electron–hole pairs, which were formed upon irradiation.
On a Formal Model of Safe and Scalable Self-driving Cars (2017)

In recent years, car makers and tech companies have been racing towards self driving cars. It seems that the main parameter in this race is who will have the first car on the road. The goal of this paper is to add to the equation two additional crucial parameters. The first is standardization of safety assurance --- what are the minimal requirements that every self-driving car must satisfy, and how can we verify these requirements. The second parameter is scalability --- engineering solutions that lead to unleashed costs will not scale to millions of cars, which will push interest in this field into a niche academic corner, and drive the entire field into a "winter of autonomous driving". In the first part of the paper we propose a white-box, interpretable, mathematical model for safety assurance, which we call Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS). In the second part we describe a design of a system that adheres to our safety assurance requirements and is scalable to millions of cars.
CMOS three axis hall sensor and joystick application (2006)

We present for the first time a three-axis CMOS Hall sensor based on integrated magnetic concentrator technology (IMC). The sensor measures the two in-plane magnetic field components Bx and By and the vertical component Bz and generates three output voltages proportional to them. The sensing core consists of four Hall elements arranged at 90/spl deg/ under the edge of a ferromagnetic disk (IMC), which is attached to the silicon die. By subtracting the Hall voltages of two opposite Hall elements a voltage proportional to the in-plane components is generated and by adding them a voltage proportional to the perpendicular component. In such a way a planar structure is used to implement a three-axis sensor device. The sensor further contains current sources, dynamic offset compensation and signal amplification and conditioning. The sensor aims for applications where two translatory or rotational movements have to be measured independently and precisely over a large temperature range. Examples are joysticks, car mirror sensors and other control devices.
StarNet: towards weakly supervised few-shot detection and explainable few-shot classification (2020)

Few-shot learning for classification has advanced significantly in recent years. Yet, these approaches rarely provide interpretability related to their decisions or localization of objects in the scene. In this paper, we introduce StarNet, featuring an end-to-end differentiable non-parametric star-model classification head. Through this head, the backbone is meta-trained using only image-level labels to produce good features for classifying previously unseen categories of few-shot test tasks using a star-model that geometrically matches between the query and support images. This also results in localization of corresponding object instances (on the query and best matching support images), providing plausible explanations for StarNet's class predictions. We evaluate StarNet on multiple few-shot classification benchmarks attaining significant gains on CUB and ImageNetLOC-FS. In addition, we test the proposed approach on the previously unexplored and challenging task of Weakly Supervised Few-Shot Object Detection (WS-FSOD), obtaining significant improvements over the baselines.
ChemInform Abstract: The Dienolate Aldol Reaction of (E)‐N‐Crotonoyl C(4)‐Isopropyl SuperQuat: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Vinyl‐β‐hydroxycarboxylic Acid Derivatives and Conversion to α‐Ethylidene‐β‐hydroxyesters (β‐Substituted Baylis—Hillman Products). (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Relaxação de tensões de polímeros - modelação de materiais não-lineares (2023)

Neste trabalho é aplicado um modelo, desenvolvido previamente pelos autores, que permite prever a relaxação de tensões de polímeros amorfos e semi-cristalinos, que contempla a interligação da temperatura e a deformação. As alterações induzidas pela deformação foram investigadas através de ensaios de relaxação não linear de tensões em dois polímeros a três temperaturas. O modelo é sensível a diferentes estados iniciais do material, resultantes da variação da orientação molecular, bem como de distintos níveis de envelhecimento, e a partir de dados experimentais do módulo de relaxação de tensões prevê para o poli(metacrilato de metilo) – PMMA e o poli(tereftalato de etileno) – PET os valores da temperatura crossover, Tc, da energia de ativação mínima, Eα,1, para além do patamar dos módulo de relaxação instantáneo, E0, e o patamar do módulo para tempos longos, E∞, de acordo com os valores encontrados na literatura.&#x0D; Palavras Chave: relaxação de tensões, poli(metacrilato de metilo), PMMA, poli(etileno tereftalato); PET, espetro de relaxação.
Po2 (2015)

User gestures are important in current gaming platforms, where users' movements are tracked and their actions trigger events in the games. We introduce Power of 2 (Po2), a new haptic technology that augments illusive tactile sensations on gesture-based gameplays. Po2 utilizes two vibrating actuators on two hands and renders illusory tactile motion on and across the hands. With carefully designed psychophysical studies, we determined parametric models to robustly control the perception of an illusory object and its motion on and in between two hands. These models are embedded in computer algorithms and programmed to produce cohesive multisensory experiences. Synchronized with a wide range of user gestures and interactive media, such as sound and visuals, Po2 creates highly dynamic and animated gameplay experiences with wearable and mobile handheld devices.
Highly efficient acido-triggered reversible luminescent and nonlinear optical switch based on 5-π-delocalized-donor-1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzenes (2015)

A highly efficient acido-triggered reversible luminescent and nonlinear optical switch based on 5-π-delocalized-donor-1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzenes is presented.
Identification of mtDNA Mutations in Human Cancer (2003)

The human mitochondrial genome is composed of a 16-kb circular, doublestranded DNA that encodes 13 polypeptides of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs required for protein synthesis (). It is generally accepted that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are generated during oxidative phosphorylation through pathways involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) (). In a recent breakthrough, several mtDNA mutations were found specifically in human colorectal cancer (). We and others also detected frequent mutations in bladder, head and neck, lung tumors, pancreas, and hepatocellular carcinoma (, , ). These mutations were scattered throughout the coding and noncoding regions of the mtDNA in the various tumors studied. Many, but not all, coding mutations were confined to respiratory complex I (,). Of particular interest, the noncoding displacement-loop (D-loop) region was found to be a mutational hot spot in our studies ().
Effect of the Microstructure of Composite CoMoS/Carbon Catalysts on Hydrotreatment Performances (2023)

Several CoMoS/carbons were successfully synthetized using hydrothermal-type approaches and a subsequent surface reaction for the promotion step with Co. The effect of the microstructure of carbons used as a matrix for CoMoS-based catalysts was studied in the case of hydrotreating reactions. It was found that 1D (nanofibers/tubes) or 2D (nanosheets) carbon nanostructures may influence the characteristics of the CoMoS crystallites (dispersion, promotion rate and orientation of the slabs) and as a consequence the catalytic properties. In particular, the HDS mechanism of the substituted 4-MethylDiBenzoThiophene (4-MDBT) was found to be microstructure-dependent, as well as the selectivity of 3-MethylThiophene (3-MT) HDS/2,3-DiMethylBut-2-eNe (2,3-DM2BN) hydrogenation.
Spatially-enhanced clusterwise inference for testing and localizing intermodal correspondence (2022)

Abstract With the increasing availability of neuroimaging data from multiple modalities—each providing a different lens through which to study brain structure or function—new techniques for comparing, integrating, and interpreting information within and across modalities have emerged. Recent developments include hypothesis tests of associations between neuroimaging modalities, which can be used to determine the statistical significance of intermodal associations either throughout the entire brain or within anatomical subregions or functional networks. While these methods provide a crucial foundation for inference on intermodal relationships, they cannot be used to answer questions about where in the brain these associations are most pronounced. In this paper, we introduce a new method, called CLEAN-R, that can be used both to test intermodal correspondence throughout the brain and also to localize this correspondence. Our method involves first adjusting for the underlying spatial autocorrelation structure within each modality before aggregating information within small clusters to construct a map of enhanced test statistics. Using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a subsample of children and adolescents from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, we conduct simulations and data analyses where we illustrate the high statistical power and nominal type I error levels of our method. By constructing an interpretable map of group-level correspondence using spatially-enhanced test statistics, our method offers insights beyond those provided by earlier methods.
Mechanistic Studies of the Formation of Zirconium Alkylidene Complexes [η5-C5H3-1,3-(SiMe2CH2PPri2)2]ZrCHR(Cl) (R = Ph, SiMe3) (1999)

The reaction of [P2Cp]ZrCl3 (1) with 2 equiv of KCH2Ph generates an equilibrium mixture of alkyl complexes consisting of [P2Cp]ZrCl2(CH2Ph) (2), [P2Cp]ZrCl(CH2Ph)2 (3), and [P2Cp]Zr(CH2Ph)3 (4). Thermolysis of this mixture yields the alkylidene complex [P2Cp]ZrCHPh(Cl) (5) in 85% overall yield. Kinetic studies reveal a composite mechanism that incorporates the above preequilibrium, followed by an intramolecular α-abstraction reaction of dibenzyl 3 which follows a first-order rate, with the rate parameters ΔH‡ = 19(1) kcal mol-1 and ΔS‡ = −22(5) cal-1 mol K-1. A kinetic isotope effect of 3.0(5) was measured at 70 °C for the perdeuterated analogue [P2Cp]ZrCl(CD2C6D5)2. The reaction of 1 with 2 equiv of LiCH2EMe3 (E = C, Si) produces a similar equilibrium mixture as observed for the benzyl analogues, consisting of [P2Cp]ZrCl2(CH2EMe3) (7), [P2Cp]Zr(CH2EMe3)3 (8), and [P2Cp]ZrCl(CH2EMe3)2 (9). Thermolysis of this mixture yields [P2Cp]ZrCHEMe3(Cl) (6). A kinetic analysis conducted on 9 (E = Si) indicated a first-order reaction from which the activation parameters ΔH‡ = 6(1) kcal mol-1 and ΔS‡ = −62(5) cal mol-1 K-1 were obtained. The results indicate that reaction rates follow the order CH2Ph > CH2SiMe3 > CH2CMe3, an exact reversal of the trend for the homoleptic Ta systems Ta(CH2R)5. The role of phosphine coordination is discussed to account for this trend. A crystal structure determination obtained for 6b reveals an α-agostic interaction and a structure analogous to that of 5.
Silicon-Based Metalloprotease Inhibitors:  Synthesis and Evaluation of Silanol and Silanediol Peptide Analogues as Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme1 (2002)

Silanols are best known as unstable precursors of siloxane (silicone) polymers, substances generally considered stable and inert, but have the potential to mimic a hydrated carbonyl and inhibit protease enzymes. While previous testing of simple silanediol and silanetriol species as inhibitors of hydrolase enzymes found them ineffective, this study reports polypeptide mimics with a central methylsilanol [SiMeOH] or silanediol [Si(OH)(2)] group and their assessment as effective transition state analogue inhibitors of the well-studied metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Central to the synthesis strategy, phenylsilanes were employed as acid-hydrolyzable precursors of the silanol group. The N-benzoyl Leu-[SiMeOH]-Gly benzyl amides proved to be stable and readily characterized. In contrast, the Leu-[Si(OH)(2)]-Gly structure was difficult to characterize, possibly because of self-association. Capping the silanediol with chlorotrimethylsilane gave a well-defined trisiloxane, demonstrating that the silanediol was monomeric. The Leu-[Si]-Gly structures were converted to Leu-[Si]-Ala analogues by enolate alkylation. Coupling of the silanol precursors with proline tert-butyl ester gave N-benzoyl Leu-[Si]-Gly-Pro and N-benzoyl Leu-[Si]-Ala-Pro tripeptide analogues. Treatment of these with triflic acid formed the corresponding methylsilanols and silanediols, all of which were monomeric. The silanediol tripeptide mimics inhibited ACE with IC(50) values as low as 14 nM. Methylsilanols, in contrast, were poor inhibitors, with IC(50) values above 3000 nM. These data, including comparisons with inhibition data from carbon analogues, are consistent with binding of the silanediols by chelation of the ACE active site zinc, whereas the methylsilanols ligate poorly.
Zinc-imidazolate polymers (ZIPs) as a potential carrier to brain capillary endothelial cells (2015)

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of nanospheres of a biodegradable zinc-imidazolate polymers (ZIPs) as a proof-of-concept delivery vehicle into human brain endothelial cells, the main component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The ZIP particles can readily encapsulate functional molecules such as fluorophores and inorganic nanoparticles at the point of synthesis producing stable colloidal dispersions. Our results show that these biodegradable particles are not cytotoxic, and are able to penetrate and release cargo species to human brain capillary endothelial cells in vitro thus exhibiting significant potential as a novel platform for brain targeting treatments.
Applying analytical ultracentrifugation to nanocrystal suspensions (2009)

While applied frequently in physical biochemistry to the study of protein complexes, the quantitative use of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) for nanocrystal analysis is relatively rare. Its application in nanoscience is potentially very powerful as it provides a measure of nanocrystal density, size and structure directly in the solution phase. Towards that end, this paper examines the best practices for applying data collection and analysis methods for AUC, geared towards the study of biomolecules, to the unique problems of nanoparticle analysis. Using uniform nanocrystals of cadmium selenide, we compared several schemes for analyzing raw sedimentation data. Comparable values of the mean sedimentation coefficients (s-value) were found using several popular analytical approaches; however, the distribution in sample s-values is best captured using the van Holde-Weischt algorithm. Measured s-values could be reproducibly collected if sample temperature and concentration were controlled; under these circumstances, the variability for average sedimentation values was typically 5%. The full shape of the distribution in s-values, however, is not easily subjected to quantitative interpretation. Moreover, the selection of the appropriate sedimentation speed is crucial for AUC of nanocrystals as the density of inorganic nanocrystals is much larger than that of solvents. Quantitative analysis of sedimentation properties will allow for better agreement between experimental and theoretical models of nanocrystal solution behavior, as well as providing deeper insight into the hydrodynamic size and solution properties of nanomaterials.
Simultaneous load-pull of intermodulation and output power under two-tone excitation for accurate SSPA's design (1994)

The simultaneous measurements of the third-order intermodulation and output power under two-tone excitation have been implemented on a MESFET operated in large-signal mode for load impedances spanning quasi-entirely the Smith chart, using a six-port reflectometer with variable test port impedance. An experimental comparison between single-tone and two-tone output power and power-added efficiency was performed. The experimental results show that the load-pull of the output power capability and power-added efficiency by a twotone test are more accurate than the single-tone characterization for multi-carrier Solid State Power Amplifiers (SSPA’s) design.
Platinum Complex as a Nanomolar Protein Kinase Inhibitor (2007)

A pyridocarbazole platinum complex, which matches the overall shape of the natural product staurosporine, binds with high affinity at the adenosine triphosphate binding site of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3alpha).
Spatial, spectral, and polarization multiplexed ptychography (2015)

We introduce a novel coherent diffraction imaging technique based on ptychography that enables simultaneous full-field imaging of multiple, spatially separate, sample locations. This technique only requires that diffracted light from spatially separated sample sites be mutually incoherent at the detector, which can be achieved using multiple probes that are separated either by wavelength or by orthogonal polarization states. This approach enables spatially resolved polarization spectroscopy from a single ptychography scan, as well as allowing a larger field of view to be imaged without loss in spatial resolution. Further, we compare the numerical efficiency of the multi-mode ptychography algorithm with a single mode algorithm.
Autism spectrum disorder in the genetics clinic: a review (2013)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders affecting social communication, language and behavior. The underlying cause(s) in a given individual is often elusive, with the exception of clinically recognizable genetic syndromes with readily available molecular diagnosis, such as fragile X syndrome. Clinical geneticists approach patients with ASDs by ruling out known genetic and genomic syndromes, leaving more than 80% of families without a definitive diagnosis and an uncertain risk of recurrence. Advances in microarray technology and next-generation sequencing are revealing rare variants in genes with important roles in synapse formation, function and maintenance. This review will focus on the clinical approach to ASDs, given the current state of knowledge about their complex genetic architecture.
Tracking small hand movements in interview situations (2005)

In this paper, we motivate ongoing work into developing methods for the automated tracking of small hand movements in interview situations to aid nonverbal behaviour analysis in the detection of deception. Existing techniques for detecting and tracking hand motion are reviewed to place current and future technical work into context. We present a modification to the popular colour predicate approach to skin detection based on Bayesian posterior probability maps and Parzen colour space probability density estimates. We demonstrate the application of a complex wavelet decomposition to identify changes in finger position. Although our existing hand tracking algorithm currently relies on posterior probability map thresholding, morphological operations and distance heuristics, we suggest the role of kinematic models of upper body, limb and finger motion for future work.
Characterization of fibril aggregates in ex vivo rat brain with multi- frequency MR Elastography -Preliminary results (2019)

International audience
Bio-inspired catalyst compositions for enhanced oxygen reduction using nanostructured Pt electrocatalysts in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (2010)

Composites of Nafion with a class of bio-molecules viz., plant hormones, are explored as potential polymer electrolytes for improving the proton transport inside the catalyst layer of a H2/O2 fuel cell. Specifically, four nitrogenous plant hormones, two each from the class of auxins and cytokinins have been investigated, following preliminary characterization of the composite dispersions and membranes. Interestingly, the use of indole-3-acetic acid (an auxin) in the catalyst layer reveals a 30% enhancement in Pt catalyst utilization and improved fuel cell performance by 150 mW cm−2. The effect of these bio-molecules on the kinetic and mass transport parameters has been analyzed systematically using a combination of electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques.