gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Performance Motion Tracking Control for Electronic Manufacturing (2007)

Motion control requirements in electronic manufacturing demand both higher speeds and greater precision to accommodate continuously shrinking part/feature sizes and higher densities. However, improving both performance criteria simultaneously is difficult because of resonances that are inherent to the underlying positioning systems. This paper presents an experimental study of a feedforward controller that was designed for a point-to-point motion control system on a modern and state of the art laser processing system for electronics manufacturing. We systematically apply model identification, inverse dynamics control, iterative refinement (to address modeling inaccuracies), and adaptive least mean square to achieve high speed trajectory tracking. The key innovations lie in using the identified model to generate the gradient descent used in the iterative learning control, encoding the result from the learning control in a finite impulse response filter and adapting the finite impulse response coefficients during operation using the least-mean-square update based on position, velocity, and acceleration feedforward signals. Experimental results are provided to show the efficacy of the proposed approach, a variation of which has been implemented on the production machine.
Sound Body Sound Mind? Physical Performance and the Risk of Dementia in the Oldest‐Old: The 90+ Study (2016)

Poor physical performance is associated with risk of developing dementia over an average 2.6-year follow-up in the oldest-old, indicating that poor physical performance may be an early sign of late-age dementia.
Neue effiziente Mehrkomponenten-Reaktionen unter C-C-Verknüpfung zur kombinatorischen Anwendung in flüssiger und an fester Phase (1999)

Bis zu neun C-C-Bindungen werden selektiv aus bis zu sieben Komponenten geknüpft, ausgehend von einem Alken, einem Halogenaren und einem Dienophil [siehe Gl. (1)]. Ein Vergleich von Flüssig- und Festphasenreaktionen ergab eine erstaunliche Überlegenheit der Festphasenreaktion bei der Reaktionsführung.
Roadmap Document for Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Contribution to the Open Modeling Framework (2013)

The Cooperative Research Network (CRN) of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) has identified GridLAB-D as a tool that would provide significant benefit to its member utilities. However, they have also noted that the complexity of the tool would be a significant barrier for adoption. As can often happen in complex simulation environments, as the available capabilities and flexibility increases, the usability of the software decreases except for a few “power” users; this is not unique to GridLAB-D. While GridLAB-D has expanded to a considerable user base, with a few notable exceptions (e.g., American Electric Power) most users are focused on research and development. As a result, NRECA/CRN has proposed an Open Modeling Framework (OMF) designed to make the capabilities of GridLAB-D, and other advanced grid tools, available via a web interface. This will allow utility users to access many of the capabilities of GridLAB-D, with little to no knowledge of the tool itself. Other components will be layered over the simulation engines to provide the user with business support functions, allowing full business case scenarios to be created from the technical data generated within the simulations. Because of the open availability and potential national benefit of the OMF, PNNL has been tasked with supporting NRECA/CRN’s development of the tool, with a focus on incorporating GridLAB-D within the OMF structure and expanding GridLAB-D capabilities to support OMF functions. The GridLAB-D enhancements will be provided first to the OMF developers, but will also be delivered to the wider GridLAB-D community after validation via the community repository. This report is intended to provide a roadmap for the intended enhancements to be delivered by PNNL. Seven tasks were identified in cooperation with NRECA/CRN – each is briefly discussed, including potential outcomes and deadlines.
Ammonia Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Based Detection of Bisphenol A, an Endocrine Disruptor, in Water Samples after Vortex-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (2023)

Bisphenol A (BPA), an alkylphenolic compound, is one of the most polluting and hazardous organic chemicals. Its routine detection is, however, still rather expensive due to high-cost equipment. In this context, we applied the effect caused by BPA to the optical properties of surfactant-stabilized silver nanoparticles further modified with the use of ammonia (AgNP-NH3) to develop a simple and quantitative approach for BPA determination. The experimental conditions of the AgNP-NH3 probe were adjusted to establish a stable and sensitive response toward BPA in aqueous media. The use of probe dispersion measured at a wavelength of 403 nm enabled a limit of detection of 2.0 nmol L−1 (0.5 ng mL−1), with a linear response as a function of a concentration of BPA ranging from 10 to 120 nmol L−1 (from 2.2 to 27 ng mL−1). The use of vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction ensured the application of selective determination to real tap and stream water samples, with recoveries ranging from 85.0 to 111%. The protocol developed herein is simple, sensitive, and selective, does not require the use of toxic labeling agents, and can be easily adapted for the routine analysis of BPA in different real samples.
Development of a dynamic micro RI imaging system for single cells (2017)

Studies on cell regulation are attracting worldwide attention in order to realize regenerative medicine. Therefore, a nuclear medicine imaging method, which can use tracers having substantially the same composition as a target biomolecule, is required. Autoradiography is a high-resolution nuclear medicine imaging method. However, this method does not have a dynamical imaging capability due to the principle on which it is based. In this research, we develop a nuclear medicine imaging system for dynamic cell observation. Specifically, in order to prevent broadening of the scintillation position because of scintillation light spreading in the scintillator, β-rays are detected by a thin scintillator plate. A scientific CMOS camera with low readout noise and high resolution was used to detect scintillation light. The scintillator plate was a CsI crystal connected to an optical fiber array. The scintillation light generated from the scintillator plate was extracted through optical fibers. The imaging lenses adopted in this research were a high-speed imaging and a conversion lens.Imaging resolution was adjusted to 6.5 × 6.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> / pixel and exposure time was 10 s. In order to evaluate the imaging performance of the proposed system, we measured samples containing a radiopharmaceutical with a prototype system. In this measurement, two different activity <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F-solutions were used as the imaging target. They were fixed with a uniform thickness of 0.4 mm. In the imaging results, we measured different image values depending on their activities. On the other hand, in the region of no <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F-solutions, the image value was almost constant. The output had sufficient linearity for images with activity exceeding 0.05 Bq / pixel. Imaging results showed that our system has sufficient sensitivity for imaging uptake of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F by single cells.
Comprehensive transcript profiling of Pto‐ and Prf‐mediated host defense responses to infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (2002)

The disease resistance gene Pto encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that confers resistance in tomato to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strains that express the effector protein AvrPto. Pto-mediated resistance to bacterial speck disease also requires Prf, a protein with leucine-rich repeats and a putative nucleotide-binding site, although the role of Prf in the defense pathway is not known. We used GeneCalling, an open-architecture, mRNA-profiling technology, to identify genes that are either induced or suppressed in leaves 4 h after bacterial infection in the Pto- and Prf-mediated tomato-Pseudomonas(avrPto) interaction. Over 135 000 individual cDNA fragments representing an estimated 90% of the transcripts expressed in tomato leaves were examined and 432 differentially expressed genes were identified. The genes encode over 25 classes of proteins including 11 types of transcription factors and many signal transduction components. Differential expression of 91% of the genes required both Pto and Prf. Interestingly, differential expression of 32 genes did not require Pto but was dependent on Prf. Thus, our data support a role for Prf early in the Pto pathway and indicate that Prf can also function as an independent host recognition determinant of bacterial infection. Comprehensive expression profiling of the Pto-mediated defense response allows the development of many new hypotheses about the molecular basis of resistance to bacterial speck disease.
Toward a theory of test data selection (1975)

This paper examines the theoretical and practical role of testing in software development. We prove a fundamental theorem showing that properly structured tests are capable of demonstrating the absence of errors in a program. The theorem's proof hinges on our definition of test reliability and validity, but its practical utility hinges on being able to show when a test is actually reliable. We explain what makes tests unreliable (for example, we show by example why testing all program statements, predicates, or paths is not usually sufficient to insure test reliability), and we outline a possible approach to developing reliable tests. We also show how the analysis required to define reliable tests can help in checking a program's design and specifications as well as in preventing and detecting implementation errors.
Advanced digital signal processing for coherent and non-coherent optical transmission (2015)

Digital signal processors (DSP) are recently introduced in coherent long-haul optical transmission systems as well as in non-coherent access networks. This contribution reviews a number of specific signal processing algorithms that are useful in such systems. We focus on advanced equalisers for linear and nonlinear distortions. We examine the Tomlinson-Harashima precoding approach as well as advanced flexible non-integer fractionally-spaced butterfly equalisers. For nonlinearity compensation Volterra based equalization is investigated.
Low-Temperature Micropatterning of Thick-Film BaFe<inf>12</inf>O<inf>19</inf> Composites on Semiconductor Substrates for Integrated Millimeter Wave Devices (2018)

This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of thick, self-biased hexaferrite magnetic structures patterned on planar substrates for integrated millimeter-wave (mm-wave) device applications. Using all lowtemperature processes, BaFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sub> micro/nanoparticles (from three different vendors) and polymeric binder (PDMS) are screenprinted into removable molds to form 600-μm-diameter, 144-μm-thick test structures. The crystallography, morphology, and DC magnetic hysteresis curves are evaluated. Methods are shown for imposing magnetic anisotropy in the films. A direct measurement of the RF properties using a coplanar waveguide test structure is performed, showing a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency of 45.9 GHz with tunability via an external magnetic field.
A PCB Technology-Based 22–42-GHz Quasi-Absorptive Bandstop Filter (2018)

A K/Ka-band low-cost continuously tunable quasiabsorptive bandstop filter fabricated with PCB technology is presented for the first time in this letter. A unique implementation of vertically integrated PCB-based evanescent-mode cavity resonator allows the filter to reach a maximum operating frequency of 42 GHz with commercially available linear actuators. The measured results reveal a state-of-the-art performance with less than 1-dB out-of-band insertion loss (1.5-3.2 dB with connectors) and higher than 50-dB isolation. The measured 3-dB bandwidth varies from 1.47% at 22 GHz to 4.65% at 42 GHz. This firstof-its-kind demonstration reveals the high potential of low-cost PCB technologies for manufacturing the high-performance RF front-end filters for high-frequency applications.
microRNA regulation of chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2008)

5042 We are using a combination of in silico and in vitro approaches to address the questions of whether microRNA expression profiles correlate with chemotherapy sensitivity/resistance in lung cancers, whether microRNAs play a functional role in drug sensitivity/resistance of lung cancer cells and whether microRNA expression levels can be manipulated to increase drug sensitivity in cultured lung cancer cells. We have developed a panel of lung cancer and immortalized normal lung epithelial lines, on which we have measured in vitro sensitivity profiles to drugs commonly used in the treatment of lung cancer (which can show variations of >1,000 fold) and mRNA expression profiles (providing gene expression signatures for sensitivity/resistance). We profiled microRNA expression in a subset of 20 of these cell lines, and identified microRNAs that that are differentially expressed between cancer and normal and between drug sensitive and resistant NSCLCs. We correlated microRNA expression levels with drug sensitivity profiles, and developed a computational method to predict interactions between microRNAs and mRNA 3’UTRs. We have identified several microRNAs with expression profiles that are inversely correlated with response to drug treatment in cultured cells. We have transfected chemoresistant NSCLCs with stabilized mimics of these microRNAs and observed a 200- to 300-fold increase in sensitivity to paclitaxel. We predicted that a number of genes potentially related to drug resistance are regulatory targets of these microRNAs, including tubulin- and microtubule-associated protein kinases. Combining the predictions with a high-throughput siRNA screen, we identified 20 candidate regulatory targets of microRNAs relevant to chemosensitivity. Several of these predicted targets confer sensitivity to paclitaxel when knocked down by siRNA. These data suggest that microRNAs can be both diagnostic of and modulate the response of lung cancers to chemotherapy.
A Case-Control Study of Diet in Newly Diagnosed NIDDM in the Wanigela People of Papua New Guinea (1996)

OBJECTIVE--To study the association between diet and newly diagnosed NIDDM in the Wanigela people of Papua New Guinea, a population with an extraordinary susceptibility for NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--We performed a case-control study of Wanigela people from an urban settlement (Koki). Case patients (n = 145) were asymptomatic subjects in whom NIDDM was newly diagnosed using a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Control subjects with glucose tolerance (n = 140) were group-matched on the basis of age and sex. A detailed food frequency questionnaire was used to determine energy and nutrient intakes. Nutrient intakes were compared directly and after calculation of residuals to correct for energy intake. Odds ratios for NIDDM were computed in relation to total energy and specific nutrient intakes, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and physical activity. RESULTS--There were no differences between case patients and control subjects in mean values of total energy-adjusted nutrient intakes. In logistic regression models, neither total energy nor any specific nutrients were associated with increased risk of NIDDM. When models were repeated with nutrients categorized by textiles, there were marginally significant associations with intakes of fiber (positive) and cholesterol, protein, and sugar (negative). CONCLUSIONS--This study does not support the hypothesis that saturated fat is an independent risk factor for NIDDM. The weak associations of intakes of fiber and cholesterol with newly diagnosed NIDDM were in the opposite directions to those expected and are probably due to chance. Relative homogeneity of diet within a community, such as that found in Koki, makes it difficult to demonstrate risk factor-disease associations. However, changes in diet and reduced levels of physical activity accompanying urbanization undoubtedly contribute to the high prevalence of obesity observed in this community, and hence diet is likely to contribute to NIDDM risk at least by indirect means.
A reactive intermediate formed by triflate rearrangement. A new displacement reaction for carbohydrate synthesis (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA reactive intermediate formed by triflate rearrangement. A new displacement reaction for carbohydrate synthesisRoger W. Binkley and Matthew R. SivikCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 13, 2619–2621Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00363a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00363a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction of electrostriction-induced acoustic interaction in modeling of high-capacity long-haul transmission systems (2000)

We present a method to implement an electrostriction-induced acoustic effect in the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) and to validate it from a system point of view in particular, by comparison with experimental results. Special focus is devoted to acoustic cross effects between channels in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission. The model is then applied to different realistic single-channel 40-Gb/s soliton systems in the presence of dispersion management or in-line optical regeneration to evaluate induced penalties.
Phase I/II Study of the Mesothelin-targeted Immunotoxin LMB-100 with Nab-Paclitaxel for Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2019)

Although clinical activity was observed, the combination was not well tolerated and alternative drug combinations with LMB-100 will be pursued.
Figure S5 from Paternally Expressed Gene 10 (PEG10) Promotes Growth, Invasion, and Survival of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PEG10 promotes migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Osteopontin/Secreted Phosphoprotein-1 Behaves as a Molecular Brake Regulating the Brain Translocator Protein-Dependent Neuroinflammatory Response to Chronic Viral Infection (2020)

Abstract Background Osteopontin (OPN) as a secreted signaling protein, is dramatically induced in response to cellular injury and neurodegeneration. Microglial inflammatory responses in the brain are tightly associated with the neuropathologic hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease, but understanding of the molecular mechanisms remains in several contexts, poorly understood. Methods Positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging using radioligands to detect increased expression of the translocator protein (TSPO) receptor in the brain, is a non-invasive tool used to track neuroinflammation in living mammals. Results In humanized, chronically HIV-infected mice in which OPN expression was knocked down with functional aptamers, uptake of TSPO radioligand, DPA-713 was markedly upregulated in the hippocampus, cortex, olfactory bulb, cerebellum and significantly increased in other key brain regions analyzed compared to controls. TSPO + microglia were detected by immunolabeling of post-mortem brain tissue, thus validating the neuroimaging findings. Unexpectedly, two types of neurons also selectively stained positively for TSPO. The reactive cells were the specialized neurons of the cerebellum, Purkinje cells, and a subset of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons of the substantia nigra. Two-way ANOVA of immunoreactivity revealed that a well-validated marker of microglial activation in brain tissue, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) was significantly increased, in an interaction that depended on HIV replication. Interestingly, similar analyses of TSPO immunoreactivity showed a significant interaction with OPN expression. Conclusions Collectively, these findings using a model of chronic HIV-infection revealed for the first time two key findings: 1) two different pathways of neuroinflammation are activated, and 2) osteopontin acts as a molecular brake regulating in the brain, the inflammatory response to HIV infection.
Small Molecule Modifiers of MicroRNA miR-122 Function for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2010)

MicroRNAs are a recently discovered new class of important endogenous regulators of gene function. Aberrant regulation of microRNAs has been linked to various human diseases, most importantly cancer. Small molecule intervention of microRNA misregulation has the potential to provide new therapeutic approaches to such diseases. Here, we report the first small molecule inhibitors and activators of the liver-specific microRNA miR-122. This microRNA is the most abundant microRNA in the liver and is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma development and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Our small molecule inhibitors reduce viral replication in liver cells and represent a new approach to the treatment of HCV infections. Moreover, small molecule activation of miR-122 in liver cancer cells selectively induced apoptosis through caspase activation, thus having implications in cancer chemotherapy. In addition to providing a new approach for the development of therapeutics, small molecule modifiers of miR-122 function are unique tools for exploring miR-122 biogenesis.