gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure–Photoluminescence Quenching Relationships of Iridium(III)–Tris(phenylpyridine) Complexes (2012)

Abstract The synthesis, structural, photophysical, theoretical, and electrochemical characterization of four tris(2‐phenylpyridine)‐based Ir III complexes are reported. The complexes were functionalized on the pyridine or on the phenyl rings with amide moieties substituted with a tris(ethyl)amine or ethyl groups, thereby yielding a family of compounds with hemicaged or open (without a capping unit but with similar functional groups on the ligand) structure. Within the context of the parent tris(2‐phenylpyridine) and the full‐cage iridium(III) complexes, structure–photoluminescence quenching relationships (SPQR) of the four complexes have been investigated. Luminescence quenching by oxygen has been studied with Stern–Volmer plots and through evaluation of the thermodynamic parameters involved in the quenching process. Density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations have been performed on the complexes to gain insights into structural and electronicfeatures and the nature of the excited states involved in the electronic absorption processes. Interestingly, shielding by the capping unit of moieties in which the LUMO orbital is mostly localized (on the pyridines) results in a dramatic 40 % decrease in oxygen quenching. Conversely, shielding ofmoieties in which the HOMO orbital is partially localized (on the phenyl rings) does not induce any change in the oxygen quenching degree. In both sets of compounds, the thermodynamic feasibility of oxygen quenching is the same for the hemicaged and open compounds, thus giving evidence of the structural origin of such quenching decrease. The SPQRopens up new routes to the design of tailored, more or less sensitive to oxygen, luminescent iridium complexes (e.g., for use as biolabels).
Associations between Knowledge of the Causes and Perceived Impacts of Climate Change: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Medical, Public Health and Nursing Students in Universities in China (2018)

This study aimed to measure the knowledge and perceptions of medical, public health, and nursing students about climate change and its impacts, and to identify associations between the knowledge and perceptions. Data were from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 1387 students sampled in five different regional universities in China (April⁻May 2017). The knowledge and perceptions of the participants were collected by self-administered questionnaires. We found that most respondents believed that climate change is generally "bad" (83%) and bad for human health (88%), while 67% believed that climate change is controllable. The vast majority of respondents acknowledged illness conditions resulting from poor air quality (95%), heat stress (93%), and extreme weather events (91%) as potential impacts of climate change. Nevertheless, only 39% recognized malnutrition as a consequence of food deprivation resulting from climate change. Around 58% of respondents could correctly identify the causes of climate change. The knowledge of the causes of climate change was not associated with the ability to recognize the health consequences of climate change. However, the knowledge of causes of climate change was a significant predictor of increased awareness of the negative impacts of climate change between the medical and nursing students, although this was not the case among their public health counterparts. Poor knowledge about the causes of climate change is evident among students in China. They are able to recognize the direct links between weather events and health, but less likely to understand the consequences involving complicated pathways. Research and training into the underlying mechanisms of health impacts of climate change needs to be strengthened.
Impact of Alloy-Disorder-Induced Localization on Hole Diffusion in Highly Excited c-Plane and m-Plane (In,Ga)N Quantum Wells (2020)

The diffusion coefficient of holes can provide knowledge about carrier localization in ($\mathrm{In}$,$\mathrm{Ga}$)$\mathrm{N}$, where the carrier dynamics are altered by randomly fluctuating potential landscape. In group-III nitrides, the diffusivity of holes is difficult to measure by electrical methods but it can be studied using optical techniques. Here, we investigate the dependence of the hole diffusion coefficient on direction and carrier density in $c$-plane and $m$-plane ($\mathrm{In}$,$\mathrm{Ga}$)$\mathrm{N}$ structures by employing the light-induced transient-grating technique. We show that the hole diffusion coefficient is anisotropic in the $m$-plane structure, where it is several times larger along the $a$ crystallographic direction than along the $c$ direction. Such anisotropy is observed within the broad range of carrier densities from ${10}^{18}$ to ${10}^{20}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. The diffusivity changes nonmonotonously with increasing photoexcitation, this dependence being different in thick and thin layers. We argue that an unexpectedly high diffusion coefficient at low carrier densities in thick quantum wells can be a signature of efficient hole transport via percolative paths occurring due to compositional disorder. In turn, a decrease of diffusivity with the excitation can reflect the effect of Coulomb blockade of these paths. Finally, we demonstrate that disorder impacts carrier diffusivity even at carrier densities above ${10}^{19}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, where the overflow of localized states must be included to explain the observed increase of the diffusion coefficient with the carrier density.
Bootstrapping Communications into an Anti-Censorship System. (2012)

Adversary-resistant communication bootstrapping is a fundamental problem faced by many circumvention (anti-censorship) systems such as Tor. Censoring regimes actively harvest and block published Tor entry points and bridge nodes. More recently, some countries have resorted to reactive (follow-up) probing of the destination hosts of outbound encrypted traffic to identify unpublished Tor nodes. We present the design of a new architecture for bypassing censorship, called DEFIANCE, that extends Tor with resilience to both active harvesting and network scanning attacks. The first goal is accomplished using the DEFIANCE Rendezvous Protocol (RP), and the second is achieved using a novel handshake that we call Address-Change Signaling (ACS). We describe prototype implementations of both components, discuss the limits of our architecture, and evaluate what it would take for a determined adversary to defeat our system. While we develop our prototype components over Tor, their design can be easily extended to other circumvention systems. 1
The Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials for Development of Nano-cosmetics (2012)

A diverse array of nanomaterials (NMs), such as amorphous nanosilica (nSP), carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide, has become widespread in use due to the development of nanotechnology. NMs are already being applied in universal fields because they have unique physicochemical properties. On the other hands, the safety of NMs has not been well assessed, because NMs have been considered as safe as common larger sized materials which are known not to be absorbed by the body. Because NMs have the potential to improve the quality of human life, it is essential to ensure the safety of NMs and provide information for designing safer NMs. In this regard, we studied the biological distribution and hazard identification of nSP following dermal administration, because nSP is used NMs in the cosmetics field. In the future, our study would help to set the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and acceptable daily intake (ADI), and be useful information for the safety/hazard assessment and evaluation.
Privacy of general aviation aircraft in the NextGen (2012)

Future general aviation aircraft are mandated to openly broadcast aircraft identities and real-time position reports for air traffic management. Significant safety, performance, and flexibility gains are expected for airspace users and air traffic control. However, easy access to air traffic communications and increasing data mining abilities on the Internet, potentially enable anyone to remotely identify and track an aircraft belonging to a targeted real-world user. This tracking capability and the personal, political, medical, or proprietary nature of air travel, together raise operator privacy concerns in general aviation. An example concern is ability to infer travel intent and profile places of interest of an aircraft operator. This paper presents a framework to classify the current state of the art in privacy protection for general aviation, and identify the major challenges and tradeoffs for privacy solution design. We propose a new solution space that can minimize the risk of general aviation operator privacy invasions.
Guest Editorial (2012)

The four papers in this special issue are expanded papers from the 2011 Flexible Electronics and Displays Conference, held on February 6-9, 2011, in Phoenix, AZ.
Etude de la modification de surface de perles styréniques pour améliorer la compatibilité avec les liants (1998)

La synthese d'oligomeres dihydroxyles du polystyrene a ete realisee par voie radicalaire selon la technique du transfert de chaine en presence d'un thiol fonctionnalise. Un procede batch ou tous les reactifs sont mis en presence en debut de reaction a permis de determiner la valeur de la constante de transfert qui s'est averee elevee, ce qui explique la derive de composition importante du milieu reactionnel au cours de la synthese. Nous avons alors cherche a compenser la reactivite du thiol en travaillant selon un procede ou le thiol est lentement additionne pendant toute la duree de la reaction, soit a debit constant, soit selon un debit variable controle. Le procede a debit constant permet d'atteindre les masses molaires visees mais la persistance d'une derive de composition au sein du melange reactionnel, mise en evidence par chromatographie par permeation de gel conduit a des distributions finales en masses molaires larges (Ip=3). Pour limiter cette derive, nous avons modelise le systeme. Sa mise en equation nous a permis d'imposer une valeur constante au cours du temps de synthese pour le rapport monomere/thiol et de determiner dans ces conditions le profil de volume ideal (et donc de debit) a suivre au cours de la synthese. Cette technique nous a permis d'acceder a des oligomeres de masse molaire moyenne en nombre de 1000g/mol, d'indice de polymolecularite faible (Ip=1,7) et d'un taux de fonctionnalisation de 0,8 groupement hydroxyle par chaine. Le traitement de surface de billes de polystyrene par cet oligomere s'est revele prometteur puisque les essais montrent une modification notable de la valeur de l'indice de mouillabilite qui traduit une augmentation de l'hydrophilie de surface par la presence de fonctions hydroxyles en surface.
Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2022)

Findings present inhibition of SHP2 as a therapeutic option to limit breast cancer metastasis by promoting antitumor immunity.
VP8 Related Litigation Status Snapshot (2014)

There remains a great deal of confusion in the industry about the
state of patent litigation and IPR disclosures around VP8. To
facilitate greater understanding, Duane Morris LLP drafted a paper
that summarizes the current state of disclosures and patent litigation
based on publically available materials, and has posted a
comprehensive report on the Internet. This Internet Draft provides a
high level summary of that report. Cisco Systems requested and funded
Duane Morris to prepare this report.
Variable speed wind turbines capability for temporary over-production (2009)

New control systems for Variable Speed Wind Turbines (VSWT) need to be developed in order to provide inertia response and frequency control to support the grid. This work studies the behavior and capability of VSWT for providing temporary active power overproduction. The study is conducted on a multi-megawatt VSWT with Doubly-Fed Induction Generator. It was found that it is possible to have an active power overproduction of 0.2 pu for at least 10 seconds, which could be useful for the grid operator for restoring a critical situation of grid frequency dip. Nevertheless it is important to be aware about the underproduction power and the associated recovery period that follow a VSWT overproduction operation. The results can be used in designing suitable control systems for VSWT inertia response and frequency control.
Modeling and Analysis of Antimalware Effect on Wireless Sensor Network (2019)

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) suffers critical challenge against malware attack due to resource constraints. One compromised node is enough to spread malware in the whole network. A mathematical model namely Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Antimalware-Recovered(SEIAR) is proposed. The concept of epidemic modeling has been used for the study of proposed model. The basic reproduction number of model is obtained, that determines the global and local propagation dynamics of malware in the WSN. Stability conditions and equilibrium points of the model have been obtained. It achieves improved protection technique against malware attacks and enhances the lifetime of WSN. The proposed model provides better recovery mechanism against malware attack in WSN. The simulation outcomes verify that the proposed scheme is efficient. Finally, an epidemic model.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Rho Kinase Inhibitors Block Melanoma Cell Migration and Inhibit Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. Immunoblotted of tumours lysates from CCT54 - or AT48-treated animals.&lt;/p&gt;
All-optical Wavelength Conversion of Phase-encoded Signals in Silicon-rich Silicon Nitride Waveguides (2018)

We show the design and characterization of a silicon-rich silicon nitride-based all-optical wavelength converter, for phase-encoded signals. We demonstrate successful conversion of a 40 Gb/s 16-QAM signal with negligible penalty and no-signs of TPA.
Superprism effect based on phase velocities (2004)

The superprism effect has been studied in the past by use of the anomalous group velocities of optical waves in photonic crystals. We suggest the possibility of realizing agile beam steering based on purely phase-velocity effects. We present designs of photonic crystal prisms that might make experimental observation of this effect possible.
Limit Operating Frequency of Peak Current-Mode Control DC-DC Converter Considering Turn-Off Delay Time (2018)

The aim of this paper is to present the mechanism of the frequency dividing operation and the limit operating frequency in the peak current-mode control DC-DC converter considering the turn-off delay time. The peak current mode control has the higher stability and the responsiveness than the conventional voltage mode control. However, if the switching frequency is increased ignoring the turn-off delay time, it would become the frequency dividing operation that the switching frequency operates lower than the clock frequency at the certain frequency. In this operation, there is a problem that the switching loss increases and the high frequency switching drive is hindered. In this paper, we clarified the mechanism of the dividing frequency operation and derived the relationship between the turn-off delay time and the limit operating frequency. Also, we derived the relationship when the slope compensation is applied as well. As experimental results, when there is the turn-off delay time, it was confirmed that the limit operating frequency of the DC-DC converter was limited to lower as the duty ratio was lower and the slope ratio of the slope compensation is close to 1.0.
Noncovalent Protein–Pseudorotaxane Assembly Incorporating an Extended Arm Calix[8]arene with α-Helical Recognition Properties (2021)

Water-soluble, anionic calix[<i>n</i>]arenes are useful receptors for protein recognition and assembly. For example, sulfonato-calix[8]arene (<b>sclx</b> <sub><b>8</b></sub> ) can encapsulate proteins and direct their assembly into porous frameworks. In this work, we turned our attention to an "extended arm" calixarene with 16 phenyl rings. We hypothesized that this larger receptor would have increased capacity for protein masking/encapsulation. A cocrystal structure of <i>p</i>-benzyl-sulfonato-calix[8]arene (<b>b-sclx</b> <sub><b>8</b></sub> ) and cytochrome <i>c</i> (cyt <i>c</i>) revealed a surprising assembly. A pseudorotaxane comprising a stack of three <b>b-sclx</b> <sub><b>8</b></sub> molecules threaded by polyethylene glycol (PEG) was bound to the protein. The trimeric <b>b-sclx</b> <sub><b>8</b></sub> stack, a tubelike structure with a highly charged surface, mediated assembly via a new mode of protein recognition. The calixarene stack presents four hydrophobic grooves, each of which binds to one cyt <i>c</i> by accommodating the N-terminal α-helix. This unprecedented binding mode suggests new possibilities for supramolecular protein chemistry.
Extreme Customization: Rapid Manufacturing Products that Enhance the Consumer (2009)

AbstractBody-fitting customized products are becoming an increasingly important area of research in terms of increasing a product's marketability and performance. Through the capture of simple scan data using Reverse Engineering techniques and the application of Rapid Manufacturing the production of bespoke components and products is possible, both technically and economically, due to the removal of labor and tooling from the manufacturing process. This paper provides a holistic view of the concept of personalized manufacturing, incorporating results from a global survey on the propensity for bodyfitting customization, specifically, on the customization of motorcycle seating. It outlines that the important geometry capture stage must capture the deformed geometry rather than simple body scan data for the customization to be effective. In addition the methods and issues associated with manufacturing personalized seating are explored and the service requirements for motorcycle seat consumers are identified, as well as providing a route to manufacture using wholly digital techniques.
Peer-informed review (2019)

This is a guest Editorial by Richard N. Zare, Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science and professor of chemistry at the Department of Chemistry at Stanford University. He is a former chair of the National Science Board of the National Science Foundation. Research groups in universities often initiate important discoveries and inventions, but they generate less innovation than what science-funding agencies expect and desire. This innovation shortfall raises the question whether the present research-support system is in need of some change. I propose for your consideration a variation of peer review, which I call “peer-informed review.” A broad outline follows, but modifications are invited. I suggest that high-risk, high-reward proposals be submitted to a group of paid experts, whom I call “champions.” I want champions to be highly respected active researchers who fully understand the challenge of making innovative research succeed. For a proposal to be funded it must
Prevalence and Characterization of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque with CT among Individuals with HIV: Results from the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study (2021)

Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of myocardial infarction. Coronary atherosclerotic plaque CT characterization helps to predict cardiovascular risk. Purpose To measure CT characteristics of coronary plaque in PLWH without known cardiovascular disease and healthy volunteers without HIV. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, noncontrast CT (all participants, <i>n</i> = 265) was used for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring in asymptomatic PLWH and healthy volunteers without HIV, without known cardiovascular disease, from 2012 to 2019. At coronary CT angiography (<i>n</i> = 233), prevalence, frequency, and volume of calcified, mixed, and noncalcified plaque were measured. Poisson regressions were used with adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Results There were 181 PLWH (mean age, 56 years ± 7; 167 men) and 84 healthy volunteers (mean age, 57 years ± 8; 65 men) evaluated by using noncontrast CT. CT angiography was performed in 155 PLWH and 78 healthy volunteers. Median 10-year Framingham risk score was not different between PLWH and healthy volunteers (10% vs 9%, respectively; <i>P</i> = .45), as were CAC score (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.94; <i>P</i> = .85) and overall plaque prevalence (prevalence ratio, 1.07; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.32; <i>P</i> = .55) after adjustment for cardiovascular risk. Noncalcified plaque prevalence (prevalence ratio, 2.5; 95% CI: 1.07, 5.67; <i>P</i> = .03) and volume (OR, 2.8; 95% CI: 1.05, 7.40; <i>P</i> = .04) were higher in PLWH. Calcified plaque frequency was reduced in PLWH (OR, 0.6; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.91; <i>P</i> = .02). Treatment with protease inhibitors was associated with higher volume of overall (OR, 1.8; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.85; <i>P</i> = .02) and mixed plaque (OR, 1.6; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.45; <i>P</i> = .03). Conclusion Noncalcified coronary plaque burden at coronary CT angiography was two- to threefold higher in asymptomatic people living with HIV without known cardiovascular disease compared with healthy volunteers without HIV. © RSNA, 2021 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article</i>. See also the editorial by Lai in this issue.
LCT-3d Induces Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis by Upregulating Death Receptor 5 in Gastric Cancer Cells (2021)

Gastric cancer is a global health problem. In this study, we investigate the role of a novel Indole derivative, named LCT-3d, in inhibiting the growth of gastric cancer cells by MTT assay. The Western blotting results showed that LCT-3d modulated the mitochondrial-related proteins and Cleaved-Caspases 3/9, to induce cell apoptosis. The up-regulation of Death receptor 5 (DR5) in MGC803 cells was observed with LCT-3d treatment. Knockdown of DR5 on MGC803 cells partially reversed the LCT-3d-induced mitochondrial apoptosis. The level of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in MGC803 cells was increased with LCT-3d treatment and could be blocked with the pretreatment of the ROS inhibitor N-Acetylcysteine (NAC). The results demonstrate that the elevating ROS can up-regulate the expression of DR5, resulting in apoptosis <i>via</i> mitochondrial pathway. Although the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway served an important role in protecting gastric cancer cells against the injury of ROS, it can't reverse LCT-3d-induced cell apoptosis. Taken together, our study showed that LCT-3d induced apoptosis <i>via</i> DR5-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in gastric cancer cells. LCT-3d could be a novel lead compound for development of anti-cancer activity in gastric cancer.