gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 3 Different Registration Techniques in Image-Guided Bimaxillary Surgery (2013)

Perioperative navigation is an upcoming tool in orthognathic surgery. This study aimed to access the feasibility of the technique and to evaluate the success rate of 3 different registration methods--facial surface registration, anatomic landmark-based registration, and template-based registration. The BrainLab navigation system (BrainLab AG, Feldkirchen, Germany) was used as an additional precision tool for 85 patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery from February 2010 to June 2012. Eighteen cases of facial surface-based registration, 63 cases of anatomic landmark-based registration, and 8 cases of template-based registration were analyzed. The overall success rate of facial surface-based registration was 39%, which was significant lower than template-based (100%, P = 0.013) and anatomic landmark-based registration (95%, P < 0.0001). In all cases with successful registration, the further procedure of surgical navigation was performed. The concept of navigation of the maxilla during bimaxillary orthognathic surgery has been proved to be feasible. The registration process is the critical point regarding success of intraoperative navigation. Anatomic landmark-based registration is a reliable technique for image-guided bimaxillary surgery. In contrast, facial surface-based registration is highly unreliable.
Dielectric metasurfaces with high-Q toroidal resonances (2020)

Toroidal dielectric metasurface with a Q-factor of 728 in 1500 nm wavelength are reported. The resonance couples strongly to the environment, as demonstrated with a refractometric sensing experiment.
Monoclonal T-Cell Proliferation and Plaque Instability in Acute Coronary Syndromes (2000)

UA is associated with the emergence of monoclonal T-cell populations, analogous to monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. Shared T-cell receptor sequences in clonotypes of different patients implicate chronic stimulation by a common antigen, for example, persistent infection. The unstable plaque but not the stable plaque is invaded by clonally expanded T cells, suggesting a direct involvement of these lymphocytes in plaque disruption.
Covid-19-associated coagulopathy (CoAC): thrombin burst and insufficient fibrinolysis leading to bad outcome. (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold>: COVID-19 associated coagulopathy is characterized by a pro-thrombotic state. However, the nature of this pattern has not been comprehensively studied. We investigated the coagulation pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) comparing survivors to not survivors. <bold>Methods</bold>: Prospective cohort study conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a University Hospital . Twenty COVID-19 ARDS patients received measurements of markers of thrombin generation (prothrombin fragment 1+2, PF 1+2); fibrinolysis activation (tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) and inhibition (plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, PAI-2); fibrin synthesis (fibrinopeptide A) and fibrinolysis magnitude (plasmin-antiplasmin complex, PAP, and D-dimers). Measurements were done at the ICU admission and after 10-14 days. <bold>Results</bold>: The general pattern showed an increased thrombin generation, modest or null release of t-PA, and increased levels of PAI-2, Fibrinopeptide A, PAP and D-dimers. At baseline, non survivors had a significantly (P=0.014) higher PAI-2/PAP ratio than survivors (109, interquartile range [IQR] 18.1-216, vs. 8.7, IQR 2.9-12.6). At follow-up, thrombin generation was significantly (P=0.025) reduced in survivors (PF 1+2 from 396 pg/mL, IQR 185-585 to 237 pg/mL, IQR 120-393), whereas it increased in non-survivors. Fibrinolysis inhibition at follow-up remained stable in survivors, and increased in non-survivors, leading to a significant (P=0.026) difference in PAI-2 levels (161 pg/mL, IQR 50-334, vs. 1,088 pg/mL, IQR 177-1,565). <bold>Conclusions</bold>: Severe patterns of COVID-19 infection (ARDS) are characterized by a thrombin burst, triggered by the release of IL-6 and other cytokines, and the consequent release of Tissue Factor. Mechanisms of fibrinolysis regulation appear unbalanced toward fibrinolysis inhibition. In survivors, this pattern ameliorates, whereas in non-survivors it worsens, leading to the environment for clinically relevant thrombi generation, that was found in 58% of non-surviving patients. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04441502).
1060 nm Single-Mode VCSEL and Single-Mode Fiber Links for Long-Reach Optical Interconnects (2019)

We investigate the use of a 1060 nm single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and a 1060 nm single-mode fiber as a competitive single-mode technology for cost- and power-efficient long-reach optical interconnects. Error-free transmission (bit error rate <; 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> ) over 2 km is demonstrated at bitrates up to 40 Gb/s under on-off keying non-return-to-zero (OOK-NRZ) modulation, without equalization, forward-error correction, or other forms of digital signal processing. The VCSEL is extensively characterized with respect to its static and dynamic performances, including the power-voltage-current characteristics, spectral characteristics, beam divergence, modulation response, relative intensity noise, and frequency chirp. The measured dependence of power penalty on fiber length is consistent with an analysis of chirp-induced pulse compression and broadening along the negative chromatic dispersion fiber.
Elaboration of densely functionalized polylactide nanoparticles from N‐acryloxysuccinimide‐based block copolymers (2011)

Abstract Poly( N ‐acryloxysuccinimide) (PNAS) and poly( N ‐acryloxysuccinimide‐ co ‐ N ‐vinylpyrrolidone) (P(NAS‐ co ‐NVP)) of adjustable molecular weights and narrow polydispersities were prepared by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP) in N , N ‐dimethylformamide in the presence of free SG1 ( N ‐ tert ‐butyl‐ N ‐1‐diethylphosphono‐(2,2‐dimethylpropyl) nitroxide), with MAMA‐SG1 ( N ‐(2‐methylpropyl)‐ N ‐(1‐diethylphosphono‐2,2‐dimethylpropyl)‐ O ‐(2‐carboxylprop‐2‐yl)hydroxylamine) alkoxyamine as initiator. The reactivity ratios of NAS and NVP were determined to be r NAS = 0.12 and r NVP = 0, indicating a strong alternating tendency for the P(NAS‐ co ‐NVP) copolymer. NAS/NVP copolymerization was then performed from a SG1‐functionalized poly( D , L ‐lactide) (PLA‐SG1) macro‐alkoxyamine as initiator, leading to the corresponding PLA‐ b ‐P(NAS‐ co ‐NVP) block copolymer, with similar NAS and NVP reactivity ratios as mentioned above. The copolymer was used as a surface modifier for the PLA diafiltration and nanoprecipitation processes to achieve nanoparticles in the range of 450 and 150 nm, respectively. The presence of the functional/hydrophilic P(NAS‐ co ‐NVP) block, and particularly the N ‐succinimidyl (NS) ester moieties at the particle surface, was evidenced by ethanolamine derivatization and zeta potential measurements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
A Versatile Cardiac Electrical Stimulator for Clinical and Experimental Use (1982)

A cardiac electrical stimulator developed for clinical and laboratory applications is described. The stimulator has 5 separate generators and 4 output channels. The generator settings are defined by the operator using a special keyboard, with the same structure as a television screen on which all the parameters are displayed. A number of user-specified settings can be stored in the apparatus and are available within seconds. Several programming modes provide a simple way to determine stimulation thresholds and/or refractory periods. Hardware and software security checks prevent dangerous stimulation in case of malfunction or erroneous settings. The stimulator control unit is digitally connected to constant current output stages located near the stimulation site. The stimulator functions are performed by programmable hardware controlled by a microcomputer dedicated exclusively to the presentation and input of stimulator settings. The application of a simple (personal) microcomputer leads to a favorable price/performance ratio.
Broadband surface-wave transformation cloak (2015)

Guiding surface electromagnetic waves around disorder without disturbing the wave amplitude or phase is in great demand for modern photonic and plasmonic devices, but is fundamentally difficult to realize because light momentum must be conserved in a scattering event. A partial realization has been achieved by exploiting topological electromagnetic surface states, but this approach is limited to narrow-band light transmission and subject to phase disturbances in the presence of disorder. Recent advances in transformation optics apply principles of general relativity to curve the space for light, allowing one to match the momentum and phase of light around any disorder as if that disorder were not there. This feature has been exploited in the development of invisibility cloaks. An ideal invisibility cloak, however, would require the phase velocity of light being guided around the cloaked object to exceed the vacuum speed of light--a feat potentially achievable only over an extremely narrow band. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally show that the bottlenecks encountered in previous studies can be overcome. We introduce a class of cloaks capable of remarkable broadband surface electromagnetic waves guidance around ultrasharp corners and bumps with no perceptible changes in amplitude and phase. These cloaks consist of specifically designed nonmagnetic metamaterials and achieve nearly ideal transmission efficiency over a broadband frequency range from 0(+) to 6 GHz. This work provides strong support for the application of transformation optics to plasmonic circuits and could pave the way toward high-performance, large-scale integrated photonic circuits.
Novel Self-Assembly-Induced Gelation for Nanofibrous Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Composite Microspheres (2017)

This study demonstrates the utility of the newly developed self-assembly-induced gelation technique for the synthesis of porous collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres with a nanofibrous structure. This new approach can produce microspheres of a uniform size using the droplets that form at the nozzle tip before gelation. These microspheres can have a highly nanofibrous structure due to the immersion of the droplets in a coagulation bath (water/acetone), in which the collagen aggregates in the solution can self-assemble into fibrils due to pH-dependent precipitation. Bioactive HA particles were incorporated into the collagen solutions, in order to enhance the bioactivity of the composite microspheres. The composite microspheres exhibited a well-defined spherical morphology and a uniform size for all levels of HA content (0 wt %, 10 wt %, 15 wt %, and 20 wt %). Collagen nanofibers-several tens of nanometers in size-were uniformly present throughout the microspheres and the HA particles were also well dispersed. The <i>in vitro</i> apatite-forming ability, assessed using the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution, increased significantly with the incorporation of HA into the composite microspheres.
A missense mutation in the bovine SLC35A3 gene, encoding a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter, causes complex vertebral malformation (2005)

The extensive use of a limited number of elite bulls in cattle breeding can lead to rapid spread of recessively inherited disorders. A recent example is the globally distributed syndrome Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM), which is characterized by misshapen and fused vertebrae around the cervico-thoracic junction. Here, we show that CVM is caused by a mutation in the Golgi-resident nucleotide-sugar transporter encoded by SLC35A3. Thus, the disease showed complete cosegregation with the mutation in a homozygous state, and proteome patterns indicated abnormal protein glycosylation in tissues of affected animals. In addition, a yeast mutant that is deficient in the transport of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine into its Golgi lumen can be rescued by the wild-type SLC35A3 gene, but not by the mutated gene. These results provide the first demonstration of a genetic disorder associated with a defective SLC35A3 gene, and reveal a new mechanism for malformation of the vertebral column caused by abnormal nucleotide-sugar transport into the Golgi apparatus.
Clinical application of flow cytometry in patients with unexplained cytopenia and suspected myelodysplastic syndrome: A report of the European LeukemiaNet International MDS‐Flow Cytometry Working Group (2021)

This article discusses the rationale for inclusion of flow cytometry (FCM) in the diagnostic investigation and evaluation of cytopenias of uncertain origin and suspected myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by the European LeukemiaNet international MDS Flow Working Group (ELN iMDS Flow WG). The WHO 2016 classification recognizes that FCM contributes to the diagnosis of MDS and may be useful for prognostication, prediction, and evaluation of response to therapy and follow-up of MDS patients.
Solving Large-Scale Systems Of Random Quadratic Equations Via Stochastic Truncated Amplitude Flow (2018)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Kos island, Greece, 2017
Role of Alicyclic Conformation-Isomerization in the Photomechanical Performance of Azobenzene-Functionalized Cross-Linked Polyimides Containing Tetra-Substituted Cyclohexane Moieties (2021)

The classical "chair-twist boat-boat" conformational dynamics (CD) of cyclohexane is thermally activated. Here we report on the photoinduced/azobenzene-assisted CD of bilaterally fused cyclohexane moieties contributing to large photomechanical response of cross-linked azobenzene-functionalized polyimides (X-azoPI), based on 1,2,4,5-cyclohexane-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (CHDA), exhibiting a photobending angle and photogenerated stress, up to ∼90° and 370 kPa, respectively. In contrast, X-azoPI containing planar pyromellitimide (PMDI) or cage-like bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic-diimide (BCDI) show smaller photomechanical responses. The superior photomechanical performance of X-azoPI with constrained cyclohexane-diimide (CHDI) units is attributed to an increased mobility of segments comprising "hinged" p-phenylene rings, azobenzene, and CHDI units in the cross-link sites. Blue light irradiation initiates the motions driven by photoisomerization/reorientation of azobenzenes connected to CHDI units, whose CD is then amplified, leading to longer-range segmental mobility, more local free volume, and culminating in large photoinduced bending. The trapping of redistributed CHDI's stereoisomers in X-azoPI backbone at <i>T</i><sub>room</sub> is implicated for the observed photothermal memory.
Comparative investigation of PWM techniques for a new drive for electric vehicles (2003)

Results of a comparative investigation of deterministic and random pulsewidth modulation (PWM) techniques to be employed in a new ac drive for electric vehicles are presented. The study, employing the advanced simulation package SABER from Avant! Corporation, was focused on the reduction of electromagnetic interference (EMI) when a deterministic PWM strategy is replaced with an RPWM method. To assess the impact of the PWM technique on the drive performance, the drive efficiency, torque ripple, and dynamic response of the current control system were also investigated. Two RPWM techniques characterized by random variations of switching frequency of the inverter were considered: one with the sampling frequency of the modulator varying in step with the switching frequency, and one with a fixed sampling frequency equal to the average switching frequency. The study has demonstrated good EMI-mitigating potentials of RPWM techniques, whose use results in EMI reduction by 10 dB and more, while the drive performance is barely affected.
Fungi and the Rise of Mammals (2012)

Here are two indisputable facts: we are living in the age of mammals [1], and immunologically intact mammals are highly resistant to fungal diseases, such that most human systemic fungal are considered ‘‘opportunistic’’ [2]. Could these two facts be connected? The mammalian lifestyle is characterized by endothermy, homeothermy, and care for the young, including nourishment via lactation, all of which are energetically costly activities. In contrast, reptiles, which are ectotherms, require about one-tenth of the daily mammalian energy needs [3], and reptilian development is faster and requires less parental involvement. Given this energy handicap, how did mammals replace reptiles as the dominant land animals? This essay further develops the hypothesis originally proposed seven years ago that fungi contributed to the emergence of mammals by creating a fungal filter at the end of the Cretaceous that selected for the mammalian lifestyle and against reptiles [4].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,7‐Disubstituted Derivatives of 1,8‐Naphthalenediol. Unusual Structure of a Chlorotitanium 1,8‐Naphthalenediolate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Coordination Chemistry and Mechanisms of Metal-Catalyzed CC-Coupling Reactions. 10. Ligand Dissociation in Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation:  A Theoretical Study (1997)

The equilibrium structures of rhodium complexes HRh(CO)n(PR3)4-n and HRh(CO)n(PR3)3-n with n = 1−3 and R = H have been calculated using density functional theory (DFT) with both local and gradient-corrected functionals. These molecules are model systems for the analogous complexes with R = alkyl or aryl involved in homogeneously catalyzed hydroformylation, the largest scale organometallic catalysis known to date. For the compounds with n = 1 and n = 2, ab initio calculations at the HF and MP2 level of theory have been performed as well. Basis sets of valence double-ζ plus polarization quality were used, and in the case of the ab initio calculations effective core potentials for rhodium and phosphorus were applied. The ligand dissociation energies derived from single-point CCSD(T) calculations revealed that MP2 strongly overestimates bond strengths for these systems. The DFT calculations using gradient-corrected functionals yielded values very close to the CCSD(T) energies. Comparison with experimental results for PPh3 complexes shows that the phosphine dissociation energies are calculated too low when PH3 serves as the model phosphine. The situation is improved significantly when PMe3 is used instead: the dissociation energy is 7.2 kcal/mol larger than for PH3 (n = 1).
Expired Hydrocarbons in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (1995)

Pentane and isoprene concentrations were analyzed in single end-expiratory breath samples using gas chromatography. Breath analysis was performed in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 15 patients with stable angina, and 15 healthy control subjects. The two patient groups were well matched for age, sex, smoking habits, hypertension and serum cholesterol levels. There was no significant difference in breath pentane concentration in the acute myocardial infarction group (0.29 +/- 0.03 nmol/l) (mean +/- SEM) compared to the group with stable angina (0.31 +/- 0.03 nmol/l) or the control group (0.36 +/- 0.04 nmol/l). However, breath isoprene concentration was higher (p < 0.01) in the acute myocardial infarction group (11.4 +/- 1.2 nmol/l), compared to both the stable angina group (7.7 +/- 0.5 nmol/l) and the control group (7.1 +/- 1.0 nmol/l). There was no difference in either the pentane or isoprene concentrations between the control group and the group with stable angina. Since pentane is thought to be an index of lipid peroxidation, the results do not support the presence of enhanced lipid peroxidation in acute myocardial infarction in the absence of thrombolytic therapy or primary angioplasty. The mechanism responsible for isoprene elevation in acute myocardial infarction is unknown.
Demonstration of Enhanced III-V-On-Silicon Hybrid Integration by Using a Strained Superlattice as a Defect Blocking Layer (2010)

Enhanced III-V epitaxial transfer through a low-temperature direct wafer bonding process was observed by including a strained superlattice (SSL) layer right above the bonding layer in III-V to block bonding-induced defects. Compared to previously-used unstrained SL, SSL shows better capacity to pin thermal defects at the bonding interface, preventing them from propagating upwards to the active region. Higher photoluminescence response and lower dark current from fabricated photodetectors (PDs) proved the theory. Compared with SL-free sample, both USL and SSL samples demonstrated much better uniformity in PL response and PD dark current, and well-preserved quantum-well satellite peaks and fringes in X-ray diffraction rocking curve measurement. The employment of SSL is useful to many dissimilar material hybrid integrations.
Alignment and Relaxation Dynamics of Dye Molecules in Host−Guest Inclusion Compounds As Probed by Dielectric Spectroscopy (2010)

The alignment and relaxation dynamics of a polar dye molecule, N,N-dimethyl-4(4-nitrophenylazo)aniline (DNAA), in zeolite L and perhydrotriphenylene (PHTP) channels were investigated by means of a combination of optical, dielectric, and quantum-chemical methods. Both the zeolite L and PHTP channels enable the dye molecules to align along the channel axis. An amplified net dipole moment of DNAA in PHTP is observed and attributed to enhanced 1D close alignment of dye molecules. In zeolite L channels, a concentration gradient is found with aggregation at the channel entrances. The dynamics of the dye in zeolite L channels reveals localized conical rotational fluctuation modes following Arrhenius-type activation with energy of 0.31 eV, which we assign to small noninteracting fluctuating polar units of the dyes being loosely aligned or isolated. Unlike zeolite L, relaxations in PHTP are characterized by cooperative wobbling motions interpreted as increased intermolecular dipole interaction due to a closely packed one-dimensional array. Temperature-dependent activation energies of 0.25 eV below 0 degrees C and 0.37 eV at ambient temperature reflect the role of the soft channel walls in the activation process.