gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ABEONA Monitored Traffic: VANET-Assisted Cooperative Traffic Congestion Forecasting (2014)

The existing mechanisms to monitor vehicular traffic, such as the use of induction loops and cameras, are expensive to deploy and maintain. Vehicular communications opens up a new world of optimization opportunities as each vehicle can be used as a sensor to measure the fundamental variables defining the traffic state (flow, density, and speed). In this article, we propose ABEONA, a beacon-based traffic congestion algorithm and also the name of the Roman goddess of journey, which captures the current and recent-past traffic trends to forecast the near-future road conditions. Compared to the existing monitoring approaches, ABEONA allows for the estimation of the vehicular density and reduces installation and maintenance costs. ABEONA's algorithm incurs low overhead and enables drivers to use forecast traffic congestion events to replan their route accordingly.
Stool DNA testing for cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: an early view (2013)

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite weak supporting evidence, important logistic barriers and high cost, colonoscopy is currently the only recommended approach to CRC surveillance in patients with IBD. As such, there is imperative to explore alternative or complementary strategies with potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of surveillance in IBD. Given our increasing understanding of tumorigenesis in IBD and the accompanying cascade of molecular alterations, there is a strong rationale to pursue biomarker assays for this application. Stool-based DNA testing with advanced technology has been shown to be highly discriminatory for detection of sporadic colorectal cancer and advanced precancers. In early observations, stool DNA testing also shows promise for the accurate detection of IBD-associated colorectal neoplasms. These findings raise important clinical and translational questions about how to best evaluate and develop this technology, and devise clinical algorithms that will complement colonoscopy to improve patient outcomes.
The Influence of Preparation Conditions on the Surface Morphology of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Films (2000)

The α phase (or form II) of poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVF2, produced from an acetone/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution gave different surface morphologies, depending on the solvation temperature of the PVF2 solution, the DMF concentration, and the relative humidity when deposited onto a smooth silicon substrate. Solutions prepared at less than 30 °C always gave rise to transparent films. However, solutions prepared at temperatures greater than 50 °C resulted in a rough and opaque, white surface when depositing at high humidity and in a transparent film when depositing at low humidity. The aging behavior of the polymer solutions as measured by the viscosity revealed an enormous dependence on the DMF concentration. Optical light and atomic force microscopies and infrared spectroscopy characterized the differences of these film surfaces.
The dinucleotide prodrug of decitabine demonstrated increased in vivo efficacy due to enhanced drug delivery and stability (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

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Gene transcription is a complex process in eukaryotic cells that involves multiple levels of regulation. One mechanism by which genes can be downregulated involves the methylation of the pyrimidine ring of cytosines in the 5' regulatory sequences of genes. Transcriptional repression and gene silencing by methylation of tumor suppressor genes has been observed in almost all types of cancers. Epigenetic therapy attempts to reverse promoter methylation and restore the expression of tumor suppressor genes. Therapies have been designed to re-express tumor suppressor genes through the inhibition of DNA methylation, including decitabine (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine), a well-characterized hypomethylating agent approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Decitabine is a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation yet lacks optimal drug stability characteristics that limit drug exposure time to cancer cells in vivo . To address this issue, we set out to improve the stability and thereby, increase the in vivo efficacy of decitabine by incorporating 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine into a guanine dinucleotide to generate a second generation decitabine agent called S110. The dinucleotide S110 has previously been shown to have similar activity as an inhibitor of DNA methylation with increased stability and drug delivery. S110 was compared to decitabine in several in vitro assays where it showed comparable activity. For example, S110 showed potent activity in gene re-expression assays, specifically the re-expression of p16 and MLH-1 in human colon cancer cells lines. S110 also demonstrated methylation inhibition causing DNMT1 degradation, measured by western blot analysis. More importantly, S110 showed a longer half-life than decitabine in vivo when given as an IV bolus in rats. S110 has also shown anti-tumor activity in nude mice with A2780/CP70 human ovarian carcinoma cisplatin resistant xenografts. S110 restored sensitivity to cisplatin in this model and displayed reduced toxicity compared to decitabine.
Scheduling of EV Battery Swapping–Part II: Distributed Solutions (2017)

In Part I of this paper, we formulate an optimal scheduling problem for battery swapping that assigns to each electric vehicle (EV) a best station to swap its depleted battery based on its current location and state of charge. The schedule aims to minimize a weighted sum of EVs' travel distance and electricity generation cost over both station assignments and power flow variables, subject to EV range constraints, grid operational constraints, and ac power flow equations. We propose there a centralized solution based on second-order cone programming relaxation of optimal power flow and generalized Benders decomposition that is applicable when global information is available. In this paper, we propose two distributed solutions based on the alternating direction method of multipliers and dual decomposition, respectively, that are suitable for systems where the distribution grid, stations, and EVs are managed by separate entities. Our algorithms allow these entities to make individual decisions, but coordinate through privacy-preserving information exchanges to solve a convex relaxation of the global problem. We present simulation results to show that both algorithms converge quickly to a solution that is close to optimum after discretization.
Visible Light Emission from Ordered Nanopatterned InP Surface (2007)

The InP nanostructures have been fabricated by low-energy Ar+-ion of dose 1 × 1018 cm-2 and energy 50 keV, at normal incidence. The InP nanodot size varies from 50 to 90 nm. Photoluminescence spectra show blue shifted visible emission band at 1.98 eV, and quenching of the band edge emission from the nanopatterned surface. The blue-shifted emission band arises due to size convoluted band-to-band emission form the surface nanodots while the defects formation in the irradiated surface leads to the quenching of band edge emission. Thermal annealing results in clustering of the patterned surface and enhancement of the band edge emission accompanied with absence of visible band. Our results show that the origin of visible emission is from the surface nanodots and not from the nanocrystallites in the implanted surface region. This is corroborated by the wavelength dependence of photoluminescence measurement by probing different depth of the disordered region.
CD14 C-159T and early infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children with cystic fibrosis (2005)

Early acquisition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis. We investigated whether polymorphisms in CD14, the lipopolysaccharide receptor, increase the risk of early infection. Forty-five children with cystic fibrosis were investigated with annual bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and plasma sCD14 levels. Plasma sCD14 levels were significantly lower in children from whom P.aeruginosa was subsequently isolated (492.75 microg/ml vs. 1339.43 microg/ml, p = 0.018). Those with the CD14 -159CC genotype had a significantly increased risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa suggesting that CD14 C-159T plays a role in determining the risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa.
Msh2 ATPase Activity Is Essential for Somatic Hypermutation at A-T Basepairs and for Efficient Class Switch Recombination (2003)

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) are initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase-mediated cytidine deamination of immunoglobulin genes. MutS homologue (Msh) 2-/- mice have reduced A-T mutations and CSR. This suggests that Msh2 may play a role in repairing activation-induced cytidine deaminase-generated G-U mismatches. However, because Msh2 not only initiates mismatch repair but also has other functions, such as signaling for apoptosis, it is not known which activity of Msh2 is responsible for the effects observed, and consequently, many models have been proposed. To further dissect the role of Msh2 in SHM and CSR, mice with a "knockin" mutation in the Msh2 gene that inactivates the adenosine triphosphatase domain were examined. This mutation (i.e., Msh2G674A), which does not affect apoptosis signaling, allows mismatches to be recognized but prevents Msh2 from initiating mismatch repair. Here, we show that, similar to Msh2-/- mice, SHM in Msh2G674A mice is biased toward G-C mutations. However, CSR is partially reduced, and switch junctions are more similar to those of postmeiotic segregation 2-/- mice than to Msh2-/- mice. These results indicate that Msh2 adenosine triphosphatase activity is required for A-T mutations, and suggest that Msh2 has more than one role in CSR.
HyperCam (2015)

Emerging uses of imaging technology for consumers cover a wide range of application areas from health to interaction techniques; however, typical cameras primarily transduce light from the visible spectrum into only three overlapping components of the spectrum: red, blue, and green. In contrast, hyperspectral imaging breaks down the electromagnetic spectrum into more narrow components and expands coverage beyond the visible spectrum. While hyperspectral imaging has proven useful as an industrial technology, its use as a sensing approach has been fragmented and largely neglected by the UbiComp community. We explore an approach to make hyperspectral imaging easier and bring it closer to the end-users. HyperCam provides a low-cost implementation of a multispectral camera and a software approach that automatically analyzes the scene and provides a user with an optimal set of images that try to capture the salient information of the scene. We present a number of use-cases that demonstrate HyperCam's usefulness and effectiveness.
Soybean Carbohydrates as a Renewable Feedstock for the Fermentative Production of Succinic Acid and Ethanol (2014)

Soybeans are an abundant and relatively inexpensive source of protein that are widely recognized for their high nutritional value in food and as animal feed supplements. In addition to protein and oil, carbohydrates consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, low molecular weight sugars, sucrose and oligosaccharides such as verbascose, stachyose, and raffinose represent 35-40% of seed. Soy oligosaccharides are not readily digested by monogastric animals due to the lack of an enzyme that can effectively hydrolyze the galactosides, such as α-galactosidase. As a result the oligosaccharide portion is considered anti-nutritional. Because they constitute a rich source of amino acids and carbohydrates, soybean derived feedstocks such as soybean meal, soy hulls, and soy molasses represent an inexpensive source of fermentable carbohydrates for biobased production of valuable compounds. This chapter describes developments in the field of microbial metabolism of soy carbohydrates, acid and enzyme hydrolysis of oligosaccharides, and biobased production of succinic acid and renewable fuel ethanol using soybean carbohydrate feedstocks.
E. coli AntiMicrobial Satellite (EcAMSat): Science Payload System Development and Test (2014)

The E. coli AntiMicrobial Satellite (EcAMSat) mission will investigate space microgravity e_ects on the dose-dependent antibiotic response and resistance of wildtype and mutant strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, a bacterial pathogen responsible for urinary tract infection in humans and animals. EcAMSat is the _rst biological science CubeSat built by NASA in the 6U con_guration, and it will feature the _fth biological CubeSat payload developed by the NASA/Ames Research Center and the fourth mission to conduct a peer-reviewed biological science experiment. Building on the hardware ight heritage of GeneSat, PharmaSat-1, and O/OREOS, EcAMSat features a uidics payload that can create and precisely administer 4 concentrations of antibiotic solution to microwell-dwelling cultures of E. coli. It measures the time-dependent metabolic activity of the bacterial cultures, as well as their optical densities, using a dedicated 3-color LED-based absorbance monitoring system for each of the 48 microwells. We will report payload laboratory characterization results and preparation of the EcAMSat spacecraft for spaceight in the coming year.
Transgenomic Metabolic Interactions in a Mouse Disease Model:  Interactions of Trichinella spiralis Infection with Dietary Lactobacillus paracasei Supplementation (2006)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common multifactorial intestinal disorder for which the aetiology remains largely undefined. Here, we have used a Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis)-induced model of post-infective IBS, and the effects of probiotic bacteria on gut dysfunction have been investigated using a metabonomic strategy. A total of 44 mice were divided into four groups: an uninfected control group and three T. spiralis-infected groups, one as infected control and the two other groups subsequently treated with either Lactobacillus paracasei (L. paracasei) NCC2461 in spent culture medium (SCM) or with L. paracasei-free SCM. Plasma, jejunal wall and longitudinal myenteric muscle samples were collected at day 21 post-infection. An NMR-based metabonomic approach characterized that the plasma metabolic profile of T. spiralis-infected mice showed an increased energy metabolism (lactate, citrate, alanine), fat mobilization (acetoacetate, 3-D-hydroxybutyrate, lipoproteins) and a disruption of amino acid metabolism due to increased protein breakdown, which were related to the intestinal hypercontractility. Increased levels of taurine, creatine and glycerophosphorylcholine in the jejunal muscles were associated with the muscular hypertrophy and disrupted jejunal functions. L. paracasei treatment normalized the muscular activity and the disturbed energy metabolism as evidenced by decreased glycogenesis and elevated lipid breakdown in comparison with untreated T. spiralis-infected mice. Changes in the levels of plasma metabolites (glutamine, lysine, methionine) that might relate to a modulation of immunological responses were also observed in the presence of the probiotic treatment. The work presented here suggests that probiotics may be beneficial in patients with IBS.
Totalsynthese des Vancomycin- und des Eremomycin-Aglycons (1998)

Die Kontrolle der Elemente planarer und axialer Chiralität ist die größte Herausforderung bei der Synthese des Aglycons von Vancomycin – Vancomycin ist der Prototyp einer Familie von Glycopeptid-Antibiotika, die effektiv zur Behandlung von Infektionen durch das Methicillin-resistente Bakterium Staphylococcus aureus eingesetzt werden. Die erste Totalsynthese des Vancomycin- und des Eremomycin-Aglycons gibt Aufschluß über den Einfluß der Struktur auf die kinetische und thermodynamische Kontrolle der atropselektiven Makrocyclisierungen.
Construction of a digital fetus library for radiation dosimetry (2022)

The constructed fetal models and maternal anatomical characteristics are consistent with the corresponding patients. The resulting computational fetus could be used in radiation dosimetry studies to improve the reliability of fetal dosimetry and radiation risks assessment. The advantages of NURBS surfaces in terms of adapting fetal postures and positions enable us to adequately assess their impact on radiation dosimetry calculations.
Genetic dissection of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. resistance via genome-wide association and genomic prediction in tropical maize germplasm (2021)

Genome-wide association revealed that resistance to Striga hermonthica is influenced by multiple genomic regions with moderate effects. It is possible to increase genetic gains from selection for Striga resistance using genomic prediction. Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth., commonly known as the purple witchweed or giant witchweed, is a serious problem for maize-dependent smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Breeding for Striga resistance in maize is complicated due to limited genetic variation, complexity of resistance and challenges with phenotyping. This study was conducted to (i) evaluate a set of diverse tropical maize lines for their responses to Striga under artificial infestation in three environments in Kenya; (ii) detect quantitative trait loci associated with Striga resistance through genome-wide association study (GWAS); and (iii) evaluate the effectiveness of genomic prediction (GP) of Striga-related traits. An association mapping panel of 380 inbred lines was evaluated in three environments under artificial Striga infestation in replicated trials and genotyped with 278,810 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genotypic and genotype x environment variations were significant for measured traits associated with Striga resistance. Heritability estimates were moderate (0.42) to high (0.92) for measured traits. GWAS revealed 57 SNPs significantly associated with Striga resistance indicator traits and grain yield (GY) under artificial Striga infestation with low to moderate effect. A set of 32 candidate genes physically near the significant SNPs with roles in plant defense against biotic stresses were identified. GP with different cross-validations revealed that prediction of performance of lines in new environments is better than prediction of performance of new lines for all traits. Predictions across environments revealed high accuracy for all the traits, while inclusion of GWAS-detected SNPs led to slight increase in the accuracy. The item-based collaborative filtering approach that incorporates related traits evaluated in different environments to predict GY and Striga-related traits outperformed GP for Striga resistance indicator traits. The results demonstrated the polygenic nature of resistance to S. hermonthica, and that implementation of GP in Striga resistance breeding could potentially aid in increasing genetic gain for this important trait.
In search of an effective antiemetic (1980)

The effective control of nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy is of primary concern to nurses caring for cancer patients. The authors have completed a prospective randomized study comparing delta-9-tetrahydrocan-nabinol (THC) to placebo for the control of nausea and vomiting in a population of osteogenic sarcoma patients receiving high-dose methotrexate. This is a narrative study that surveys the attitudes of the participating nurse co-investigators as they struggled with some of the issues of participating in this research project. The double-blind experimental model used to objectively compare marijuana to an inert placebo is also examined.
supplemental figure legend from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Genetically Engineered with an Inducible Gene Encoding Interleukin-12 for the Immunotherapy of Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;supplemental figure legend&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figures 7-10 from <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Cytotoxin-Associated Gene A Activates the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2023)

Supplementary Figures 7-10 from &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Cytotoxin-Associated Gene A Activates the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;
Antigen-Induced Unresponsiveness Results in Altered T Cell Signaling (1999)

Pretransplant exposure to allogeneic lymphocytes can result in donor-specific unresponsiveness and prolonged allograft survival. Intracellular signaling events have been described in anergic T cell clones, but the biochemical events underlying in vivo induced unresponsiveness have not been studied in detail. We employed a TCR transgenic mouse, bearing the 2C TCR, providing adequate numbers of homogenous peripheral T cells to study biochemical aspects of T cell unresponsiveness in vivo. 2C mice exposed to semiallogeneic lymphocytes (H-2b x H-2d) experienced prolonged H-2d cardiac allograft survival, and cells from these mice did not proliferate or make IL-2 in response to alloantigen (H-2d). Importantly, there were marked differences in TCR-associated tyrosine phosphorylation activation patterns. The targets for the unresponsive state appear to be diminished Lck activation and absent ZAP-70 and LAT (linker for activation of T cells) phosphorylation. Our study demonstrates that Ag-induced tolerance in vivo is accompanied by altered early TCR-mediated signaling events.
Best Practices for Multizone Stimulation Using Composite Plugs (2011)

Abstract Treatment isolation using composite bridge plugs (CP) has been practiced for about 18 years in North America and continues to be among the most economical ways to stimulate horizontal and multi-layer vertical wells. Despite this long experience, many end users still experience problems in these applications because of sub-optimal choices regarding product selection, run-in and removal options, and unrealistic expectations regarding plug life in downhole environments. This paper will identify best practices for using CPs, based on prior technical papers, field experience, and manufacturers' published data. These practices maximize the chances of successfully installing and removing CPs in multi-zone treatment applications, improving the economics of oil and gas plays requiring multiple stimulation treatments per well. As multi-zone completion activity increases in regions outside of North America, treatment applications using CPs will also increase in those regions. Realizing the benefits of using CPs in emerging regions will be achieved by learning about best practices from regions with extensive experience in their use.
E-commerce bargain-hunting with an unBun model (1999)

First-generation comparison-shopping software tools in general have limitations in dealing with bundled products. A new generic model for e-commerce comparison-shopping, based on a logical unBundling of sellers' offerings, is presented. The model captures dominance relationship between offerings and consumer requirements and may serve as a foundation for a variety of shopping decision support software tools. The model provides a basis for defining notions of bargains and designing algorithms for searching for them. Various implications and remaining challenges are outlined.