gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning of a Gene Expressed during Appressorium Formation by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and a Marked Decrease in Virulence by Disruption of This Gene (1995)

Cheng-Shine Hwang, Moshe A. Flaishman, Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, Cloning of a Gene Expressed during Appressorium Formation by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and a Marked Decrease in Virulence by Disruption of This Gene, The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 2 (Feb., 1995), pp. 183-193
Micellization properties of zwitterionic surfactants derived from nicotinic acid in aqueous solutions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicellization properties of zwitterionic surfactants derived from nicotinic acid in aqueous solutionsN. A. Wiederkehr, K. Kalyanasundaram, M. Graetzel, G. Viscardi, P. Savarino, and E. BarniCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 1, 23–29Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00049a007https://doi.org/10.1021/la00049a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Orthogonal Synthetic Zippers as Protein Scaffolds (2018)

Protein scaffolds have proven useful for co-localization of enzymes, providing control over stoichiometry and leading to higher local enzyme concentrations, which have led to improved product formation. To broaden their usefulness, it is necessary to have a wide choice of building blocks to mix and match for scaffold generation. Ideally, the scaffold building blocks should function at any location within the scaffold and have high affinity interactions with their binding partners. We examined the utility of orthogonal synthetic coiled coils (zippers) as scaffold components. The orthogonal zippers are coiled coil domains that form heterodimers only with their specific partner and not with other zipper domains. Focusing on two orthogonal zipper pairs, we demonstrated that they are able to function on either end or in the middle of a multiblock assembly. Surface plasmon resonance was employed to assess the binding kinetics of zipper pairs placed at the start, middle, or end of a construct. Size-exclusion chromatography was used to demonstrate the ability of a scaffold with two zipper domains to bind their partners simultaneously. We then expanded the study to examine the binding kinetics and cross-reactivities of three additional zipper pairs. By validating the affinities and specificities of synthetic zipper pairs, we demonstrated the potential for zipper domains to provide an expanded library of scaffolding parts for tethering enzymes in complex pathways for synthetic biology applications.
Low-cost hand-held probe for depth-resolved low-coherence interferometry (2016)

We report on the development of a low-cost hand-held low-coherence interferometric imaging system based on the principle of linear optical coherence tomography (Linear OCT), a technique which was first proposed in the early 2000s as a simpler alternative to the conventional time-domain and Fourier-domain OCT. A bench-top implementation of the proposed technique is first presented and validated. The axial resolution, SNR, and sensitivity roll-of of the system was estimated to be 5.2 <i>μ</i>m and 80 dB, and 3.7 dB over a depth of 0.15 mm, respectively. After validating the bench-top system, two hand-held probe implementations for contact-based imaging and <i>in vivo</i> human tympanic membrane imaging are presented. The performance of the proposed system was compared with a research-grade state-of-the-art Fourier-domain low coherence interferometry (LCI) system by imaging several biological and non-biological samples. The results of this study suggest that the proposed system might be a suitable choice for applications where imaging depth and SNR can be traded for lower cost and simpler optical design.
An Ethanol Extract of Perilla frutescens Leaves Suppresses Adrenergic Agonist-Induced Metastatic Ability of Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Src-Mediated EMT (2023)

Previous studies have indicated that the adrenergic receptor signaling pathway plays a fundamental role in chronic stress-induced cancer metastasis. In this study, we investigated whether an ethanol extract of <i>Perilla frutescens</i> leaves (EPF) traditionally used to treat stress-related symptoms by moving Qi could regulate the adrenergic agonist-induced metastatic ability of cancer cells. Our results show that adrenergic agonists including norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and isoproterenol (ISO) increased migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, such increases were completely abrogated by EPF treatment. E/NE induced downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of N-cadherin, Snail, and Slug. Such effects were clearly reversed by pretreatment with EPF, suggesting that the antimetastatic activity of EPF could be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation. EPF suppressed E/NE-stimulated Src phosphorylation. Inhibition of Src kinase activity with dasatinib completely suppressed the E/NE-induced EMT process. Transfecting MDA-MB-231 cells with constitutively activated Src (SrcY527F) diminished the antimigration effect of EPF. Taken together, our results demonstrate that EPF can suppress the adrenergic agonist-promoted metastatic ability of cancer cells by inhibiting Src-mediated EMT. This study provides basic evidence supporting the probable use of EPF to prevent metastasis in cancer patients, especially those under chronic stress.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. PART 27. ROUTES TO 1,6‐DIOXA‐6AΛ4‐THIA‐2‐AZAPENTALENES, 1,6‐DIOXA‐6AΛ4‐SELENA‐2‐AZAPENTALENES, AND 1‐OXA‐6AΛ4‐THIA‐2,5,6‐TRIAZAPENTALENES (1981)

Abstract Umsetzungen a) der Heterocyclen (I) bzw. der Analogen (III) bzw. (V) [→(II) bzw. (IV) bzw. (VI)] und b) der Heterocyclen (VII) [→(VIII)+(IX)] unter den angegebenen Bedingungen werden durchgeführt.
In vivo and in vitro evaluation of combretastatin A-4 and its sodium phosphate prodrug (1999)

The anti-tumour effects and mechanism of action of combretastatin A-4 and its prodrug, combretastatin A-4 disodium phosphate, were examined in subcutaneous and orthotopically transplanted experimental colon tumour models. Additionally, the ability of these compounds to directly interfere with endothelial cell behaviour was also examined in HUVEC cultures. Combretastatin A-4 (150 mg kg(-1), intraperitoneally (i.p.)) and its water-soluble prodrug (100 mg kg(-1), i.p.) caused almost complete vascular shutdown (at 4 h), extensive haemorrhagic necrosis which started at 1 h after treatment and significant tumour growth delay in MAC 15A subcutaneous (s.c.) colon tumours. Similar vascular effects were obtained in MAC 15 orthotopic tumours and SW620 human colon tumour xenografts treated with the prodrug. More importantly, in the orthotopic models, necrosis was seen in vascularized metastatic deposits but not in avascular secondary deposits. The possible mechanism giving rise to these effects was examined in HUVEC cells. Here cellular networks formed in type I calf-skin collagen layers and these networks were completely disrupted when incubated with a non-cytotoxic concentration of combretastatin A-4 or its prodrug. This effect started at 4 h and was complete by 24 h. The same non-cytotoxic concentrations resulted in disorganization of F-actin and beta-tubulin at 1 h after treatment. In conclusion, combretastatin A-4 and its prodrug caused extensive necrosis in MAC 15A s.c. and orthotopic colon cancer and metastases, resulting in anti-tumour effects. Necrosis was not seen in avascular tumour nodules, suggesting a vascular mechanism of action.
Syntheses of optically pure, conformationally constrained, and highly hydrophobic unusual amino acids: 2‐amino‐3, 3‐diarylpropionic acids* (2005)

A series of optically pure, conformationally constrained, and highly hydrophobic unusual aromatic amino acids, 2-amino-3,3-diarylpropionic acids, were synthesized via asymmetric 1,4-Michael addition reaction/azidation reactions in seven steps with overall yields of 20-30%.
Comparison of Different Surface Strain Measurement Methods Used for Deformed Sheet Metal Parts (1992)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A recently developed automated method for measuring surface strains on a deformed three dimensional part is compared with a careful manual measurement method and the differences are discussed. The overall experimental procedure consisted of marking the sheet steel surface with square grids, forming them into different shapes, and measuring surface strains by the two different methods. The manual method involved measuring the distances in each square using a traveling microscope. The automated method is based on digital image processing techniques and is capable of measuring strain distributions over an area of interest. The measured results from both methods agree reasonably well, but some discrepancies are observed at locations where strains are localized.&lt;/div&gt;
Current Status of Solid-State Lithium Batteries Employing Solid Redox Polymerization Cathodes (1991)

The rapidly growing demand for secondary batteries having high specific energy and power has naturally led to increased efforts in lithium battery technology. Still, the increased safety risks associated with high energy density systems has tempered the enthusiasm of proponents of such systems for use in the consumer marketplace. The inherent advantages of all-solid-state batteries in regards to safety and reliability are strong factors in advocating their introduction to the marketplace. However, the low ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes relative to non-aqueous liquid electrolytes implies low power densities for solid-state systems operating at ambient temperatures. Recent advances in polymer electrolytes have led to the introduction of solid electrolytes having conductivities in the range of 10<sup>-4</sup> (ohm cm)<sup>-1</sup> at room temperature; this is still two orders of magnitude lower than liquid electrolytes. Although these improved ambient conductivities put solid-state batteries in the realm of practical devices, it is clear that solid-state batteries using such polymeric separators will be thin-film devices. Fortunately, thin-film fabrication techniques are well established in the plastics and paper industry, and present the possibility of continuous web-form manufacturing. This style of battery manufacture should make solid polymer batteries very cost- competitive with conventional secondary cells. In addition, the greater geometric flexibility of thin-film solid-state cells should provide benefits in terms of the end-use form factor in device design. This work discusses the status of solid redox polymerization cathodes.
Stress Controlled Rheology of Dense Suspensions Using Transient Flows (2019)

Dense suspensions of hard particles in a Newtonian liquid can be jammed by shear when the applied stress exceeds a certain threshold. However, this jamming transition from a fluid into a solidified state cannot be probed with conventional steady-state rheology because the stress distribution inside the material cannot be controlled with sufficient precision. Here we introduce and validate a method that overcomes this obstacle. Rapidly propagating shear fronts are generated and used to establish well-controlled local stress conditions that sweep across the material. Exploiting such transient flows, we can track how a dense suspension approaches its shear-jammed state dynamically and quantitatively map out the onset stress for solidification in a state diagram.
Kisspeptin level in the aging ovary is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system (2016)

Previous work has demonstrated that the increase in the activity of sympathetic nerves, which occurs during the subfertility period in female rats, causes an increase in follicular cyst development and impairs follicular development. In addition, the increase in ovarian sympathetic activity of aged rats correlates with an increased expression of kisspeptin (KISS1) in the ovary. This increase in KISS1 could participate in the decrease in follicular development that occurs during the subfertility period. We aimed to determine whether the blockade of ovarian sympathetic tone prevents the increase in KISS1 expression during reproductive aging and improves follicular development. We performed 2 experiments in rats: (1) an in vivo blockade of beta-adrenergic receptor with propranolol (5.0 mg/kg) and (2) an ovarian surgical denervation to modulate the sympathetic system at these ages. We measured Kisspeptin and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mRNA and protein levels by qRT-PCR and western blot and counted primordial, primary and secondary follicles at 8, 10 and 12 months of age. The results showed that ovarian KISS1 decreased but FSHR increased after both propranolol administration and the surgical denervation in rats of 8, 10 and 12 months of age. An increase in FSHR was related to an increase in the number of smaller secondary follicles and a decreased number of primordial follicles at 8, 10 and 12 months of age. These results suggest that intraovarian KISS1 is regulated by sympathetic nerves via a beta-adrenergic receptor and participates locally in ovarian follicular development in reproductive aging.
Motion planning for nonholonomic robots in a limited workspace (2002)

In this paper we pose the following two questions: Given two points, start and target, within a relatively small closed planar area W/spl sub/R/sup 2/, each with a prescribed direction of motion (orientation) in it, and assuming a possibility of reversals of motion: (i) What is the shortest path of bounded curvature that connects the points and lies completely in W? (ii) What is the minimum number of motion reversals (path cusps) one needs to arrive at the target point with the prescribed orientation? Such questions appear in various applications with nonholonomic motion constraints, as for example in motion planning for driverless cars. The proposed approach solves both problems. It makes use of a tool dubbed the reflective unfolding operator which has a clear geometric interpretation and provides an interesting means for solving other trajectory design problems.
NR - The New 5G Radio-Access Technology (2018)

This paper provides a detailed overview of the key technology features of the new 5G/NR radio-access technology, the first release of which has recently been published by 3GPP release 15, of the NR specifications finalized by the end of 2017. This first release is limited to non-standalone NR operation, implying that NR devices rely on LTE for initial access and mobility. The final release-15 specifications, to be available in June 2018, will also support stand-alone NR operation. The difference between stand-alone and non-standalone operation is primarily affecting higher layers and the interface to the core network; the basic radio technology is the same in both cases. This paper will give a detailed overview of the NR radioaccess technology with focus on the key features that distinguish it from 4G LTE.
Robust bandlimited watermarking with trellis coded modulation (2003)

Digital watermarking is equivalent to bandlimited, power-limited digital communication. The power limit is due to the requirement of imperceptible watermarks, and has long been recognized. The bandwidth limit is due to the lowpass spectrum of images and possible lowpass attacks (malicious or unintentional). This is related to the concept of channel capacity, and has only recently been addressed in the context of watermarking. To achieve high reliability without loss of watermark data rates, we propose an adaptation of trellis coded modulation (TCM). Our method is applicable to a wide class of watermarking algorithms. The objective is to maintain the data rate while improving reliability of watermark detection, in terms of bit error rates (BER). Alternatively, higher data rates can be achieved while maintaining watermark BER. We conduct experiments for blind as well as. informed detection. Simulation results show significant improvement compared to conventional methods over a wide-range of channel (attack) signal-to-noise ratios.
Hybrid solar cells using GaAs nanopillars (2010)

Light conversion and carrier transport in hybrid solar cells fabricated by spin coating poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on ordered n-GaAs nanopillars are studied via electrical and optical characterization. The performance of hybrid nanopillar/P3HT solar cells is compared to control cells having either only P3HT or only GaAs nanopilllars. The hybrid devices show better performance, with a V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</inf> , J <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</inf> and FF of 0.2 V, 8.7 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 32% respectively. Efficient exciton dissociation at the P3HT/GaAs interface was confirmed by PL quenching measurements.
A novel approach towards the reliable characterization of complex sedimentary aquifers (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The reliable characterization of heterogeneous sedimentary aquifers, especially the identification of preferential flow paths and their connectivity remains a challenge in applied hydrogeology research and practice. However, aforementioned information is crucial for predicting subsurface flow and contaminant transport in complex deposits. Well established characterization methods such as outcrop analogue studies, hydraulic tomography, tracer testing, and direct push profiling suffer from uncertainty due to non-uniqueness of underlying inversions or insufficient temporal and/or spatial data resolution. Furthermore, the relation and effects of observed heterogeneity in hydraulic conductivity on transport is not always straight forward.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A promising novel approach to overcome the limitations of conventional hydraulic site characterization techniques is the joint application of tracer testing and direct push logging. We present a proof-of-concept field study, where conventional salt tracer testing was combined with vertical high resolution direct push electrical conductivity profiling. The method successfully captured tracer distribution in heterogeneous sedimentary deposits in-situ and visualized measured tracer distribution over time. Additional measurements, such as breakthrough-curves and surface geophysics can be easily integrated to set up ex-post simulations to further increase site-specific understanding of groundwater flow and transport processes.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
In Situ Detection of Trace Levels of Copper in Hydrofluoric Acid (2000)

An in situ monitor for metallic contamination in dilute hydrofluoric acid (HF) was developed and demonstrated detection of 20 parts per trillion Cu in a 500:1 HF bath. The monitor is based on the contactless measurement of minority‐carrier lifetime and is designed as part of a point‐of‐use dilute HF recycling system. Reducible ions in solution were detected as they deposit on the surface of a silicon monitor wafer. The sensitivity of the monitor is determined by (i) the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the surface coverage measurement, (ii) rate of metal deposition from the solution of interest, and (iii) the maximum time allowed for detecting contamination. Such an in situ monitoring system could simultaneously reduce cost of ownership, through limiting yield excursions, and reduce environmental impact by reducing chemical consumption. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Interphase Evolution at Two Promising Electrode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: LiFePO4 and LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2 (2014)

The present review reports the characterization and control of interfacial processes occurring on olivine LiFePO(4) and layered LiNi(1/2) Mn(1/2)O(2), standing here as model compounds, during storage and electrochemical cycling. The formation and evolution of the interphase created by decomposition of the electrolyte is investigated by using spectroscopic tools such as magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ((7)Li,(19)F and (31)P) and electron energy loss spectroscopy, in parallel to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to quantitatively describe the interphase and unravel its architecture. The influence of the pristine surface chemistry of the active material is carefully examined. The importance of the chemical history of the surface of the electrode material before any electrochemical cycling and the strong correlation between interface phenomena, the formation/evolution of an interphase, and the electrochemical behavior appear clearly from the use of these combined characterization probes. This approach allows identifying interface aging and failure mechanisms. Different types of surface modifications are then investigated, such as intrinsic modifications upon aging in air or methods based on the use of additives in the electrolyte or carbon coatings on the surface of the active materials. In each case, the species detected on the surface of the materials during storage and cycling are correlated with the electrochemical performance of the modified positive electrodes.
Convolutional spatial filtering applied to pilot power measurements (2004)

Drive tests are important means to evaluate critical properties of a wireless network in operation. One is for example interested in coverage of the network, and therefore, the received power of a dedicated pilot signal is monitored to estimate the spatial variations of the power gain. With uniform time-sampling and a varying velocity, the typical temporal filter fails to extract the interesting information. In this paper we apply convolutional spatial filtering to resolve the problem, both causal and non-causal. Relations to spatial data analysis methods are also commented upon. Simulations indicate significant improvements.
Sampled and continuous time passivity and stability of virtual environments (2004)

We propose new time domain passivity observer (PO) and passivity controller (PC) which removes the constant velocity assumption during one sample time, which was used in our previous PO/PC approach. A new sampled time definition of passivity is introduced, and this new definition is compared with the previous sampled time definition of passivity. Through this comparison, we propose the more accurate PO/PC approach. The proposed new PO/PC approach is applied to "Excalibur" haptic interface system with very high stiffness (K = 120 KN/m) virtual environment (VE), and stable contact is demonstrated.