gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A differential comes up short in a patient with shortness of breath (2020)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), in spite of sharing common features such as airway inflammation, airflow obstruction, and mucus hypersecretion, differ significantly from each other. We report a case of ABPA that was unsuccessfully treated as a COPD exacerbation. The history of non-exertional progressive dyspnea, absence of a symptom-free interval, and hemoptysis combined with a minimal, distant smoking history and prior employment at a fertilizer plant favor a diagnosis other than COPD exacerbation. The patient's disease progression and delay in diagnosis testify to the sway of cognitive biases. This case serves as a reminder that generating a thorough differential diagnosis early in a patient's care prevents misdiagnoses and hastens the initiation of definitive therapy.
Effect of intravalley acoustic phonon scattering on mobility in silicon nanowire transistor (2010)

Using three-dimensional quantum simulations we investigate the effluence of intravalley acoustic phonon scattering on the mobility in ultra scaled trigate silicon nanowire transistors. The electron transport is modeled using the Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function formalism and the elastic phonon scattering has been included using deformation potential theory and self- consistent Born approximation. Device parameters variations on ballistic and diffusive operation of the nanowire are studied extensively for the [100] channel direction. We also show that the elastic phonon scattering dramatically degrades the mobility, compared to the ballistic case.
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of carbonyl reductase S1 fromCandida magnoliae (2012)

The NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase S1 from Candida magnoliae stereoselectively catalyzes the reduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate (CHBE), which is a chiral compound valuable as a building block for pharmaceuticals. Carbonyl reductase S1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni-affinity, ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Crystals of carbonyl reductase S1 were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using PEG 400 as a precipitant. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 1.90 Å resolution using a synchrotron-radiation source. The crystals belonged to space group P6(1)22 or P6(5)22, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 77.7, c = 307.5 Å. The asymmetric unit contained two molecules of the protein, with a solvent content of 44.2%.
On line partial discharges test on rotating machines supplied by IFDs (2010)

An on line partial discharge test technique on rotating machines fed by inverters is analyzed in this paper. All the research to determine the configuration of the components was developed using simulation in Matlab Simulink™. The important fact is that the entire model was made with all the components and situations that result from partial discharges on the insulation of electrical rotating machines. The model of the rotating machine is in high frequency because is fed by an inverter in order to visualize the overvoltage and partial discharge phenomena. Voltage impulse and partial discharge pulse spectra is filtering by a multipole filter before be passed through a coupling capacitor, connected to the machine terminals. Interesting results are showing in this paper to verify the accuracy of this online partial discharge testing technique. Another objective is to find out the values of components parameters before to be implemented.
Dramatic Shifts in Circulating CD4 but not CD8 T Cell Subsets in Mild Alzheimer's Disease (2009)

The distribution of peripheral T cell subsets in young and healthy old people is markedly different, characterized by decreased numbers of naïve cells and increased numbers and clonal expansions of memory cells, predominantly in the CD8+ MHC class I-restricted subset. Here, however, we document dramatic alterations in naïve and memory subsets of CD4+ cells in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), with greatly decreased percentages of naïve cells, elevated memory cells, and increased proportions of CD4+ but not CD8+ cells lacking the important costimulatory receptor CD28. CD4+CD25(high) potentially T regulatory cells with a naïve phenotype are also reduced in AD patients. Together these data provide stronger evidence than hitherto presented for more highly differentiated CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells in AD patients, consistent with an adaptive immune system undergoing persistent antigenic challenge and possibly manifesting dysregulation as a result.
Synthesis and biochemical characterization of quasi-stable trimer models of full-length amyloid β40 with a toxic conformation (2018)

Here, we report the first synthesis of quasi-stable trimer models of full-length Aβ40 with a toxic conformation using a 1,3,5-phenyltris-l-alanyl linker at position 34, 36, or 38. The only trimer to exhibit weak neurotoxicity against SH-SY5Y cells was the one which was linked at position 38. This suggests that such a propeller-type trimer model is not prone to forming oligomers with potent neurotoxicity, which is in contrast with its corresponding dimer model.
B cell stimulatory factor 1 induces lobster agglutinin 1-separated mouse thymocytes to express cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. (1988)

Mouse thymocytes low in surface sialic acid were prepared by using the lectin lobster agglutinin 1 (LAg1). These LAg1-thymocytes do not become CTL when incubated with Con A or Con A plus mouse rIL-2, whereas unseparated thymocytes and thymocytes with high levels of surface sialic acid develop good levels of polyclonal CTL activity under these conditions. However, LAg1- thymocytes developed high levels of CTL activity when incubated with B cell stimulatory factor-1 (BSF-1), provided as the supernatant of the rBSF-1-secreting T cell hybridoma D9-C1.12.17. Affinity-purified BSF-1 from D9-C1 supernatant and rBSF-1 also stimulated these cells to become CTL, but they were not as active as the D9-C1 supernatant. The ability of D9-C1 supernatant and of affinity-purified BSF-1 to induce CTL activity was inhibited by the anti-BSF-1 mAb 11B11. Moreover, this mAb inhibited the ability of 24-h Con A-stimulated spleen cell supernatant to induce these cells to express CTL activity. 11B11 also inhibited LAg1+ thymocytes from becoming CTL when stimulated with Con A alone. These experiments suggest that BSF-1 is required for LAg1- and LAg1+ thymocytes to become CTL.
ChemInform Abstract: A Suzuki Coupling Based Route to 2,2′‐Bis(2‐indenyl)biphenyl Derivatives. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The role of cadmium in induction of atherosclerosis in rabbits. (1992)

Experiments were carried out in rabbits to determine the effects of prolonged treatment of cadmium (8 mg/kg/day) for a period of 6 months on histopathological changes and biochemical alterations of lipid profiles in various tissues compared to normal rabbits. No ECG changes were observed before and at the end of cadmium treatment. Histopathological studies of the coronary artery revealed atherosclerotic changes. Total lipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids and phospholipids were significantly increased in heart and kidney, but decreased in serum and liver. Triglyceride content was increased significantly in heart and kidney with a significant depletion in liver and serum. It is postulated that atherosclerotic changes in rabbits probably occurred through toxic effects of cadmium but the exact mechanism needs to be elucidated.
Patterns of response and relapse of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) following first line of high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy (hdMTX): Analysis of a prospective ANOCEF randomized phase II trial. (2015)

2035 Background: Detailed neuro-imaging analyses of PCNSL are limited. Our objective was to evaluate MRI findings in PCNSL patients treated with hdMTX without radiotherapy, with a particular emphasis on T2-FLAIR MRI abnormalities. Methods: We reviewed MRI (T1, T1 post-gadolinium and T2/FLAIR) findings of 85 patients with PCNSL enrolled in a randomized multicenter phase II trial (NCT00503594) evaluating two hdMTX regimens (MPV-A and MTX-temozolomide), conducted in patients aged 60 and older. Response rate (IPCG criteria), number and volume of enhancing lesions, anatomical site, site of relapse and patterns of relapse were analyzed and correlated with outcome. Landmark analyses were performed at 2 and 4 months. Results: Objective responses (OR) were: complete response (CR): 56%, uncertain CR: 4%, partial response: 18%, stable disease: 7%, progressive disease: 15%. On multivariate analysis, location in the posterior fossa (p = 0.008) and tumor volume (p = 0.006), but not lesion number, were significantly associated with survival. OR at the first MRI (2months) and at the end of treatment (4 months) were significantly associated with overall survival in multivariate analysis (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004 respectively). Early versus delayed CR did not impact survival. Relapse in the brain involved the initial enhancing site, a site at distance, or both in 46%, 40% and 14% respectively. At baseline, non-enhancing T2-FLAIR hypersignal lesions at distance from the enhancing tumor site were detected in 18 patients (23%), among whom 16 (88%) displayed a marked decrease ( > 50%) after chemotherapy, confirming their neoplastic nature. Among these 18 patients, ten relapsed, and the initially non-enhancing T2-FLAIR lesions corresponded to the site of an enhancing relapse in half of them (N = 5). Conclusions: Relapse after hdMTX at distance from the initial enhancing tumor is frequent and may occur in the area of non-enhancing T2-FLAIR hyper-intensity identified at distance from the enhancing tumor at baseline. Future response criteria should take into consideration non-enhancing T2-Flair lesions.
High‐Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in Gastroenterology (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Optical Coherence Tomography Clinical Gastrointestinal Imaging Future Directions Conclusions References
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(II)‐Catalyzed Michael Additions. Formation of Quaternary Centers and Diastereoselective Addition of Enantiopure N‐Acetoacetyl‐4‐benzyloxazolidin‐2‐one. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Theories in Practice: Easy-to-Write Specifications that Catch Bugs (2008)

Automated testing during development helps ensure that software works according to the test suite. Traditional test suites verify a few well-picked scenarios or example inputs. However, such example-based testing does not uncover errors in legal inputs that the test writer overlooked. We propose theory-based testing as an adjunct to example-based testing. A theory generalizes a (possibly infinite) set of example-based tests. A theory is an assertion that should be true for any data, and it can be exercised by human-chosen data or by automatic data generation. A theory is expressed in an ordinary programming language, it is easy for developers to use (often even easier than example-based testing), and it serves as a lightweight form of specification. Six case studies demonstrate the utility of theories that generalize existing tests to prevent bugs, clarify intentions, and reveal design problems.
Low-dose laulimalide represents a novel molecular probe for investigating microtubule organization (2012)

Laulimalide is a natural product that has strong taxoid-like properties but binds to a distinct site on β-tubulin in the microtubule (MT) lattice. At elevated concentrations, it generates MTs that are resistant to depolymerization, and it induces a conformational state indistinguishable from taxoid-treated MTs. In this study, we describe the effect of low-dose laulimalide on various stages of the cell cycle and compare these effects to docetaxel as a representative of taxoid stabilizers. No evidence of MT bundling in interphase was observed with laulimalide, in spite of the fact that MTs are stabilized at low dose. Cells treated with laulimalide enter mitosis but arrest at prometaphase by generating multiple asters that coalesce into supernumerary poles and interfere with the integrity of the metaphase plate. Cells with a preformed bipolar spindle exist under heightened tension under laulimalide treatment, and chromosomes rapidly shear from the plate, even though the bipolar spindle is well-preserved. Docetaxel generates a similar phenotype for HeLa cells entering mitosis, but when treated at metaphase, cells undergo chromosomal fragmentation and demonstrate reduced centromere dynamics, as expected for a taxoid. Our results suggest that laulimalide represents a new class of molecular probe for investigating MT-mediated events, such as kinetochore-MT interactions, which may reflect the location of the ligand binding site within the interprotofilament groove.
Prussian Blue‐Derived Synthesis of Hollow Porous Iron Pyrite Nanoparticles as Platinum‐Free Counter Electrodes for Highly Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2017)

Abstract Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Kuo‐Chuan Ho and Kevin C.‐W. Wu at the National Taiwan University. The image depicts the hollow porous iron pyrite nanoparticles which are deposited on the conducting substrate as the counter electrode (CE) in a dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Iron pyrite, with a hollow porous structure, offers a high surface area for the reduction of the triiodide ions. The DSSC directly converts the sunlight into electric power, which could power the flashlight without pollution. It is expected that the DSSC will emerge as a new class of low cost energy conversion device. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201702687 .
Management of Endometriosis Involving the Urinary Tract (2016)

Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility and disabling pelvic pain in reproductive age women. The most widely accepted theory of its pathogenesis is the retrograde flow of menstrual products, although extra-abdominal and extrapelvic diagnoses have been made. After the pelvic peritoneum and gynecologic structures, the most commonly affected sites are the lower gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. When the urinary tract is involved, the bladder is the predominant site, followed by the ureters. The focus of this seminar will thus be these two anatomic sites. Delayed diagnosis is unfortunately common for endometriosis as a whole, but more so when extrapelvic sites are involved. While the first-line therapy for endometriosis is medical management, urinary tract involvement often represents advanced stage of the disease, thereby requiring surgical intervention. With timely diagnosis and intervention by skilled gynecologic or urologic surgeons, favorable outcomes can be attained.
Findings of the WMT 2021 Biomedical Translation Shared Task: Summaries of Animal Experiments as New Test Set (2025)

664
Identification of androgen‐responsive genes that are alternatively regulated in androgen‐dependent and androgen‐independent rat prostate tumors (2005)

The vast majority of androgen-dependent prostate tumors progress toward incurable, androgen-independent tumors. The identification of androgen-responsive genes, which are still actively transcribed in the tumors of patients who have undergone androgen ablation, may shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. To address this question, we chose the Dunning R3327 rat model system, in which the progression from androgen-dependent to -independent tumors is represented by several transplantable prostate-derived tumors. Gene expression profiles were analyzed in normal rat prostates and in the prostates of rats 14 days after castration by use of microarrays containing approximately 5,000 oligonucleotides, together representing more than 4,800 known rat genes. These expression profiles were compared with similarly obtained expression profiles of androgen-dependent and androgen-independent rat prostate tumors. By doing so, a series of known and novel prostate cancer-associated androgen-responsive genes was identified. Within this series, we were able to identify several clusters of genes that are differentially regulated in the various prostate tumors. These genes may serve as (i) novel prognostic identifiers and (ii) novel therapeutic targets.
P2‐368: Innate immunity stimulation as a novel therapeutic approach in Alzheimer's disease (2012)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and has a major societal and economic impact. Immunomodulation has shown great promise as an AD therapy, even though the initial clinical trial was associated with severe adverse effects in a minority of patients. Our research group postulated stimulation of the innate immune system, via the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), as a possible alternative method for ameliorating AD pathology, without associated toxicity. A significant concern with immunotherapy is clearance of vascular amyloid and associated microhemorrhages. This is an important issue, since cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common feature in AD and cognitively normal elderly individuals. We tested the efficacy of TLR9 signaling stimulation for reducing parenchymal and vascular amyloid, as well as tau related pathology. We utilized TLR9 agonist type B CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs) to stimulate innate immunity in 3xTg-AD mice, which develop both plaque and tangle pathology, and in Tg-SwDI mice with extensive CAA. Animals were divided into 2 study groups treated prior to or after the onset of AD pathology. After treatment the mice were behaviorally tested. No statistical differences were observed between the groups in any of the locomotor parameters measured. CpG ODN treatment improved working memory in 3xTg-AD mice as indicated by radial arm maze testing. TLR9 stimulation was also effective at improving short-term memory in Tg-SwDI mice as evidenced by novel-object recognition testing. In 3xTg-AD mice TLR9 signaling reduced both amyloid deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau pathology. Semiquantitative analysis of hippocampal CA1 neurons revealed reduction in AT8 and PHF1 immunoreactivity in CpG ODN-treated 3xTg-AD mice. The reduction of plaque and tangle pathology was paralleled by an overall reduction in the numbers of activated microglia. There were no group differences in the levels of CNS astrocytosis; hence there was no evidence of encephalitis in the brains of treated mice. Further histological, biochemical analyses and characterization of immune responses are ongoing. Overall, stimulation of the TLR9 and thus innate immunity with CpG ODN (currently used in clinical trials for a variety of other diseases) represents a novel immunotherapeutic approach for AD.
A Small Device for Topical Leg Warming Improved Vascular Endothelial Function in Patients with Chorionic Heart Failure without Any Harmful Hemodynamic Changes (2013)

1最近の著書・論文 ・ A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study on Congenital Heart Diseases and Symptoms of Sleepdisordered Breathing among Japanese Down's Syndrome People, Hiroyuki Sawatari, Akiko Chishaki, Mari Nishizaka, Fumio Matsuoka, Chikara Yoshimura, Hiromi Kuroda, Anita Rahmawati, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mami Miyazono, Junji Ono, Tomoko Ohkusa, Shin-ichi Ando, Internal Medicine vol.54 pp. 1003-1008 May2015 ・ Influence of primary and secondary prevention indications on anxiety about the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, Anita Rahmawati, Akiko Chishaki, Tomoko Ohkusa, Hiroyuki Sawatari, Miyuki Tsuchihashi-Makaya,, Yuko Ohtsuka, Mori Nakai, Mami Miyazono, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Harumizu Sakurada, Masao Takemoto, Yasushi Mukai,Shujirou Inoue, Kenji Sunagawa, Hiroaki Chishaki, Journal of Arrhythmia Accepted 5 October 2015 ・ Health-related quality of life in patients with lower rectal cancer after sphincter-saving surgery: a prospective 6-month follow-up study, Y. KINOSHITA, K.M. NOKES, R. KAWAMOTO, M. KANAOKA, M. MIYAZONO, H. NAKAO, A.CHISHAKI, R. MIBU, European Journal of Cancer Care, Accepted 14 October 2015
Bestimmung der Inhaltsstoffe bei der Ernte mit dem Feldhäcksler (2015)

Robuste NIR-Sensoren ermöglichen den Einsatz dieser Technik auf Landmaschinen. Bislang wurden die Spektrometer für die jeweiligen Maschinen und Messbedingungen kalibriert. Für die Anwendung der NIRS in der Landtechnik sind alternative Methoden des Kalibrierens gefragt. Eine Möglichkeit ist, eine breite Varianz der Konzentration verschiedener Inhaltsstoffe zu generieren. Die Kalibrationen werden dann im Labor entwickelt. Zur Übertragung der Kalibrationen aus dem Labor auf den Feldhäcksler werden die Effekte der unterschiedlichen Probenpräsentation untersucht.
Flexible metamaterials for wireless strain sensing (2009)

We proposed and demonstrated flexible metamaterial-based wireless strain sensors that include arrays of split ring resonators (SRRs) to telemetrically measure strain. For these metamaterial sensors, we showed that a flexible substrate (e.g., Kapton tape) delivers greater sensitivity and a more linear response as compared to using silicon substrates. Specifically, these tape-based flexible SRR sensors exhibit a significantly improved sensitivity level of 0.292 MHz/kgf with a substantially reduced nonlinearity error of 3% for externally applied mechanical loads up to 250 kgf. These data represent a sixfold increase in sensitivity and a 16-fold reduction in error percentage.
Targeting the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 Pathway to Suppress Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells (2018)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) are effective against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but their inefficacy on leukemia stem cells (LSCs) may lead to relapse. To identify new druggable targets alternative to BCR/ABL, we investigated the role of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway in LSC maintenance in low oxygen, a feature of bone marrow stem cell niches. We found that MEK5/ERK5 pathway inhibition reduced the growth of CML patient-derived cells and cell lines in vitro and the number of leukemic cells in vivo. Treatment in vitro of primary CML cells with MEK5/ERK5 inhibitors, but not TKi, strikingly reduced culture repopulation ability (CRA), serial colony formation ability, long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs), and CD26-expressing cells. Importantly, MEK5/ERK5 inhibition was effective on CML cells regardless of the presence or absence of imatinib, and did not reduce CRA or LTC-ICs of normal CD34+ cells. Thus, targeting MEK/ERK5 may represent an innovative therapeutic approach to suppress CML progenitor/stem cells.
Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Major Depressive DisorderAssociated Risk Factors (2009)

Although most studies have focused on the risk of metabolic syndrome for patients with schizophrenia exposed to atypical antipsychotics, other psychiatric patients appear to be at risk for metabolic disturbances as well.7-9 Major depressive disorder (MDD) may be of particular interest because it is much more common than schizophrenia and is treated with a broad range of psychotropics.
SYNTHESIS OF OLIGONUCLEOTIDES BEARING AN ARYLAMINE MODIFICATION IN THE C8-POSITION OF 2′-DEOXYGUANOSINE (2005)

C8-Arylamine-dG adducts were converted into their corresponding 5-O-DMTr-3'-O-phosphoramidite-C8-arylamine-dG derivatives. These compounds were used for the automated synthesis of site-specifically modified oligonucleotides. The oligonucleotides were studied for their CD properties, Tm values, and their effects on primer extension assays using human DNA-polymerase beta.