gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
G 4 C 2 repeat RNA mediates the disassembly of the nuclear pore complex in C9orf72 ALS/FTD (2020)

Abstract Nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, has recently emerged as a pathomechanism underlying neurodegenerative diseases including C9orf72 ALS/FTD. However, little is known about the underlying molecular events and the underlying biology in human neurons. Using super resolution structured illumination microscopy of twenty three nucleoporins in nuclei from C9orf72 iPSC derived neurons and postmortem human tissue we identify a unique subset of eight nucleoporins lost from human neuronal nuclei. POM121, an integral transmembrane nucleoporin, appears to coordinate the composition of the nucleoporins within human neuronal nuclei ultimately impacting nucleocytoplasmic transport, and subsequent cellular toxicity in C9orf72 iPSNs. These data suggest that POM121 is a critical nucleoporin in the maintenance of the nuclear localization of specific nucleoporins in human neurons. Moreover, loss of nuclear POM121, as a result of expanded C9orf72 ALS/FTD repeat RNA, initiates a pathological cascade affecting nucleoporin composition within neuronal nuclei, nuclear pore complex function, and overall downstream neuronal survival.
Uncertainty analysis of the transmission-type measurement of Q-factor (1999)

The transmission-type measurement of the Q-factor of a microwave resonator is analyzed with a goal of establishing uncertainty limits on the unloaded Q-factor. The three major sources of systematic errors which are discussed are: the instrumentation inaccuracy, the inequality of the input and output coupling coefficient, and the effect of coupling losses. It is shown that, for tightly coupled resonators, the uncertainty of the transmission-type method is significantly increased.
Large-signal behavioral modeling of nonlinear amplifiers based on load-pull AM-AM and AM-PM measurements (2006)

This paper presents an improved behavioral modeling technique that generates large-signal models for nonlinear amplifiers or devices based on load-pull AM-AM and AM-PM measurement datasets. The generated behavioral model characterizes the incident and scattering waveforms at two ports in the frequency domain based on the large-signal scattering function theory. The advantage of this technique is that it is derived entirely from load-pull measurements and provides an analytic method to utilize the load-pull measurements in practical designs. Examples are given to demonstrate the ability of the behavioral models to predict the load-related nonlinearities of the device-under-test.
Optimal Packings of Superdisks and the Role of Symmetry (2008)

Almost all studies of the densest particle packings consider convex particles. Here, we provide exact constructions for the densest known two-dimensional packings of superdisks whose shapes are defined by |x{1}|{2p}+|x{2}|{2p}<or=1 and thus contain a large family of both convex (p>or=0.5) and concave (0<p<0.5) particles. Our candidate maximal packing arrangements are achieved by certain families of Bravais lattice packings, and the maximal density is nonanalytic at the "circular-disk" point (p=1) and increases dramatically as p moves away from unity. Moreover, we show that the broken rotational symmetry of superdisks influences the packing characteristics in a nontrivial way.
Comparison of input devices in an ISEE direct timbre manipulation task (1996)

The representation and manipulation of sound within multimedia systems is an important and currently under-researched area. The paper gives an overview of the authors' work on the direct manipulation of audio information, and describes a solution based upon the navigation of fourdimensional scaled timbre spaces. Three hardware input devices were experimentally evaluated for use in a timbre space navigation task: the Apple Standard Mouse, Gravis Advanced Mousestick II joystick (absolute and relative) and the Nintendo Power Glove. Results show that the usability of these devices significantly affected the efficacy of the system, and that conventional low-cost, low-dimensional devices provided better performance than the low-cost, multidimensional dataglove.
Organolathanide-Catalyzed Regioselective Intermolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes, Alkynes, Vinylarenes, Di- and Trivinylarenes, and Methylenecyclopropanes. Scope and Mechanistic Comparison to Intramolecular Cyclohydroaminations (2003)

Organolanthanide complexes of the type Cp'(2)LnCH(SiMe(3))(2) (Cp' = eta(5)-Me(5)C(5); Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Lu) and Me(2)SiCp' '(2)LnCH(SiMe(3))(2) (Cp' ' = eta(5)-Me(4)C(5); Ln = Nd, Sm, Lu) serve as efficient precatalysts for the regioselective intermolecular hydroamination of alkynes R'Ctbd1;CMe (R' = SiMe(3), C(6)H(5), Me), alkenes RCH=CH(2) (R = SiMe(3), CH(3)CH(2)CH(2)), butadiene, vinylarenes ArCH=CH(2) (Ar = phenyl, 4-methylbenzene, naphthyl, 4-fluorobenzene, 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 4-methoxybenzene, 4-(dimethylamino)benzene, 4-(methylthio)benzene), di- and trivinylarenes, and methylenecyclopropanes with primary amines R' 'NH(2) (R' ' = n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-(dimethylamino)phenyl) to yield the corresponding amines and imines. For R = SiMe(3), R = CH(2)=CH lanthanide-mediated intermolecular hydroamination regioselectively generates the anti-Markovnikov addition products (Me(3)SiCH(2)CH(2)NHR' ', (E)-CH(3)CH=CHCH(2)NHR' '). However, for R = CH(3)CH(2)CH(2), the Markovnikov addition product is observed (CH(3)CH(2)CH(2)CHNHR' 'CH(3)). For internal alkynes, it appears that these regioselective transformations occur under significant stereoelectronic control, and for R' = SiMe(3), rearrangement of the product enamines occurs via tautomerization to imines, followed by a 1,3-trimethylsilyl group shift to stable N-SiMe(3)-bonded CH(2)=CMeN(SiMe(3))R' ' structures. For vinylarenes, intermolecular hydroamination with n-propylamine affords the anti-Markovnikov addition product beta-phenylethylamine. In addition, hydroamination of divinylarenes provides a concise synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline structures via coupled intermolecular hydroamination/subsequent intramolecular cyclohydroamination sequences. Intermolecular hydroamination of methylenecyclopropane proceeds via highly regioselective exo-methylene C=C insertion into Ln-N bonds, followed by regioselective cyclopropane ring opening to afford the corresponding imine. For the Me(2)SiCp' '(2)Nd-catalyzed reaction of Me(3)SiCtbd1;CMe and H(2)NCH(2)CH(2)CH(2)CH(3), DeltaH() = 17.2 (1.1) kcal mol(-)(1) and DeltaS() = -25.9 (9.7) eu, while the reaction kinetics are zero-order in [amine] and first-order in both [catalyst] and [alkyne]. For the same substrate pair, catalytic turnover frequencies under identical conditions decrease in the order Me(2)SiCp' '(2)NdCH(SiMe(3))(2) > Me(2)SiCp' '(2)SmCH(SiMe(3))(2) > Me(2)SiCp' '(2)LuCH(SiMe(3))(2) > Cp'(2)SmCH(SiMe(3))(2), in accord with documented steric requirements for the insertion of olefinic functionalities into lanthanide-alkyl and -heteroatom sigma-bonds. Kinetic and mechanistic evidence argues that the turnover-limiting step is intermolecular C=C/Ctbd1;C bond insertion into the Ln-N bond followed by rapid protonolysis of the resulting Ln-C bond.
[Impacts of different inoculation methods on fluorescence characteristics of DOM in solid waste composting]. (2011)

In order to determine the best inoculation methods of compound microorganisms in solid waste composting, dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the process of composting under five different inoculation methods, including inoculation at the start, at the high-temperature phase, after the high-temperature phase, at the maturity phase and without inoculation, was tested through spectral analysis to investigate the time variations of DOM components in solid waste composting. Fluorescence spec-tra analysis of DOM indicated that the spectral characteristics of DOM in the composting piles of the five treatments exhibited a certain trend with composting time increasing, in which macromolecules with complex structures and humic substances gradually increased, and the heap materials became more and more stabilized. According to the comparisons of the fluorescence spectroscopy maps and related parameters, the treatment of inoculating compound microorganisms at the start time or after the high-temperature phase could notably speed up the humification process in solid waste composting.
Gene expression profiling of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (2020)

The characteristics of tumor cells of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) have not been defined, although researches have shown that most cases are of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To determine the subtype and biological characteristics of tumor cells of PVRL, we performed a gene expression profiling analysis. RNA was extracted from the vitreous fluid of 7 PVRL patients and from nodal samples of 10 DLBCL patients: 6 of germinal center B-cell (GCB) type and 4 of activated B-cell (ABC) type determined by Hans' criteria. Six PVRL samples showed gene expression profiles that were similar to each other. The patterns were different from those of the ABC-type nodular DLBCL but relatively close to those of the GCB-type nodular DLBCL. Interestingly, all of the 6 examined PVRL samples had either MYD88<sup>L265P</sup> or mutation in the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) region of CD79B. Five PVRL patients with similar gene expression profiles were treated with a standardized regimen: intravitreal administration of methotrexate (MTX) followed by six courses of systemic high doses of MTX. As a result, 2 patients had CD79B mutations and showed early central nervous system (CNS) progression. Patients without CNS progression did not have this mutation. In conclusion, PVRL had unique genetic features: an expression pattern different from ABC-type and relatively close to GCB-type DLBCL. CD79B mutations showed potential to serve as prognostic markers for CNS progression.
Abstract 186: Identification of Novel Protein Kinase G I Alpha Antiremodeling Substrates in the Myocardium (2014)

Protein kinase G I α (PKGIα) inhibits cardiac remodeling, and this effect requires the PKGIα leucine zipper (LZ) binding domain. However, PKGIα LZ-dependent cardiac substrates remain poorly understood. Clinical trials of PKGI activating drugs have been limited to date by hypotension arising from vascular PKGI activation. Therefore, we explored downstream PKGIα substrates in the heart which may inhibit remodeling, yet circumvent the hypotensive effects of systemic PKGI activation. A screen for PKGIα LZ-interacting proteins identified: 1)cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) and 2) mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3). cMyBP-C is a cardiac myocyte protein known to inhibit remodeling when phosphorylated. Co-precipitations with cGMP-conjugated beads confirmed the PKGIα-cMyBP-C interaction. Purified PKGIα phosphorylated cMyBP-C in vitro at Ser-273, Ser-282, and Ser-302. cGMP induced cMyBP-C phosphorylation at these sites in COS cells transfected with WT PKGIα, but not in cells transfected with either LZ mutant PKGIα or kinase-inactive PKGIα. In hearts of 9 month old PKGIα Leucine Zipper mutant mice, which have LV hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction, we observed decreased phosphorylated cMyBP-C as well as decreased total cMyBP-C, compared with WT littermate hearts. We next tested the effect of MLK3, which interacts with PKGIα in the heart, on remodeling in vivo. We performed 7 day Transaortic Constriction (TAC) on MLK3 KO mice and WT littermates (n=5 shams, 8 TAC per genotype). MLK3 KO TAC mice had increased LVH (LV mass/tibia length 71.1 ± 2.7 g/cm KO TAC vs 62.1 ± 2.7 WT TAC; p&lt;0.05). Further, MLK3 KO mice developed overt CHF compared with WT littermates (LV end diastolic pressure 14.8 ± 1.9 mmHg KO TAC vs 7.7 ± 2.1 WT TAC, p &lt;0.05), as well as accelerated decrements in LV preload recruitable stroke work (36.6 ± 11.9 mmHg/ul KO TAC vs 94.6 ± 12.9 WT TAC, p&lt;0.05) and min dP/dt (-6292 ± 519 mmHg/s KO TAC vs −8157 ± 554 WT TAC , p &lt;0.05). We observed no differences in LV structure or function between sham genotypes. These studies reveal 2 novel PKGIα anti-remodeling substrates, and they support that exploring PKGIα substrates in the heart may identify novel therapeutic targets to inhibit cardiac remodeling but avoid excessive PKGI induced vasodilation.
Optimal Geometric Arrangement of Staggered Vertical Plates in Natural Convection (1997)

This paper documents the geometric optimization of an assembly of staggered vertical plates that are installed in a fixed volume. The heat transfer is by laminar natural convection. The objective is to maximize the overall thermal conductance between the assembly of plates and the surrounding fluid. The geometric parameters that vary are the horizontal spacing between adjacent columns of plates, the number of plates mounted in each vertical column, the plate dimensions, and the stagger between columns. The optimization is performed numerically and experimentally in the range Pr = 0.72 and 103 ≤ RaL ≤ 106, where RaL is the Rayleigh number based on the vertical dimension of the assembly (L). The results for the optimal horizontal spacing are correlated using formulas derived from the theory of the intersection of asymptotes (Bejan, 1984, 1995).
High-resolution spatial light modulators using GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells (1994)

We report improved performance in semi-insulating GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well based spatial light modulators grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The optically addressed modulator reported here are of a new design and have significantly higher spatial resolution than previously reported devices. Strong diffraction efficiencies are described for spatial periods as fine as 2.6 μm at framing rate as high as 600 kHz. Two modulators are characterized, one with x=0.1 and the other with x=0.3 for the AlxGa1−xAs quantum barriers of the superlattices.
Ratiometric Pulsed Alkylation Mass Spectrometry as a Probe of Thiolate Reactivity in Different Metalloderivatives of Staphylococcus aureus pI258 CadC, (2004)

The coordination structure and reactivities of metal ligands in metal-sensing metalloregulatory coordination complexes may well dictate their biological properties. Here, we use the technique of ratiometric pulsed alkylation mass spectrometry (rPA-MS) to probe the structure and reactivities of metal coordination complexes formed by different metalloderivatives of Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pI258-encoded CadC, the metal-regulated transcriptional repressor of the cad operon. The cad operon provides resistance to large thiophilic heavy metal pollutants including Cd(II), Pb(II), and Bi(III). Two cysteines, an invariant Cys7 and a conserved Cys11, separated by three amino acids near the N-terminus of each subunit within dimeric CadC, donate two of the four coordination bonds to Cd(II) and Bi(III); in contrast, Cys11, but not Cys7, is excluded from the trigonal Pb(II) complex. rPA-MS reveals that Cys7 is strongly protected from alkylation in all metal complexes, Pb(II) being most effective, reducing k(app)(C7)by approximately 1000-fold relative to apo-CadC; in contrast, the reactivity of Cys11 is indistinguishable from that of apo-CadC, consistent with an S(3) coordination complex. Only in the tetrathiolate complexes formed by Cd(II) and Bi(III) is the reactivity of Cys11 appreciably reduced, but only by >or=10-fold. These data suggest that the Cys11-S(-)-metal coordination bond or that side of the coordination chelate in the trigonal Pb(II) complex defines a "weak point" in the chelate and thus might provide an entry site for potential metal ligand exchange reactions important for metal resistance in vivo. In contrast, Cys7 forms a tight coordination bond with all inducing metals, consistent with its role as a critical allosteric ligand in the metalloregulation of the operator/promoter binding.
Two-color photons and nonlocality in fourth-order interference (1990)

Angle-separated pair photons emitted in spontaneous parametric fluorescence are superimposed at a beamsplitter and detected by coincidence techniques. The coincidence disappears when the photon path lengths to the beamsplitter are equal to within their inverse bandwidth due to fourth-order interference. The photon bandwidth is set by wide apertures placed to satisfy phase-matching conditions at the nonlinear crystal. The resulting broadband photons are short (39-fs full width at half maximum) and show an oscillatory tail resulting from the hard-edge apertures. Two-color photons are created by blocking the central portion of the apertures leading to strong oscillations of the coincidence rate as a function of path-length difference. Both effects are predicted by the theory of fourth-order interference coupled with the detailed phase-matching conditions in the nonlinear crystal used as a source. The two colors overlap at different positions on the beamsplitter. We show how this could be used as a test of local realistic theories by formulating a Bell inequality based on relative phases between the colors.
Two-Step Color-Polarization Demosaicking Network (2022)

Polarization information of light in a scene is valuable for various image processing and computer vision tasks. A division-of-focal-plane polarimeter is a promising approach to capture the polarization images of different orientations in one shot, while it requires color-polarization demosaicking. In this paper, we propose a two-step color-polarization demosaicking network (TCPDNet), which consists of two sub-tasks of color demosaicking and polarization demosaicking. We also introduce a reconstruction loss in the YCbCr color space to improve the performance of TCPDNet. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that TCPDNet outperforms existing methods in terms of the image quality of polarization images and the accuracy of Stokes parameters.
Detonation Nanodiamonds and Carbon Nanotubes as Reinforcements in Epoxy Composites—A Comparative Study (2013)

A comparative study between detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as low concentration additives to epoxy composites is presented. The dispersibility of the different nanocarbons in resin solutions leading to uniform composite formation is also discussed. Significant increase in glass transition temperature was observed, which were 37 °C and 17 °C for DNDs and CNTs, respectively. Unlike the pure epoxy, the fractured surface of both composites showed resistance to crack propagation. Tensile properties of DNDs and CNTs composites showed enhancement of 6.4% and 2.9%, respectively. The nanocomposites also showed an increase in microhardness by 41% for DNDs and 12% for CNTs, and a decrease in electrical resistivity by 2 orders of magnitude, with the CNTs showing lower resistivity. In general, the DNDs were found to be quite effective and at the reported concentrations between 0.1% and 0.5% and showed superior enhancement compared to the CNTs.
Transmission Electron Microscopy of the Tegumentary Sense Organs of Cotylogaster occidentalis (Trematoda: Aspidogastrea) (1984)

At least 5 morphologically distinct types of sensory receptors are present in the tegument of mature Cotylogaster occidentalis. The different types of sensilla were distinguished by the presence or absence of sensory cilia, the morphology of the rootlets, the mechanisms of attachment to the tegument and the distribution in the body. Sensory receptors were concentrated near the buccal funnel and oral opening. They were also present in the ventral haptor, but were rare in the dorsal tegument. The Type I sensillum is the only type which extended through the thickness of tegument and had a free sensory cilium. Sensory receptors of this type may be either chemo- or mechanoreceptive in function. Four of the types (II to V) were nonciliated, entirely intrategumental in location, and were probably mechanoreceptors. The Type II sensillum contained a disk-shaped, striated rootlet and was found only on the alveolar ridges of the ventral haptor. The morphology and characteristic location of this type of receptor suggested that it might mediate in the function of the ventral haptor. Types III and IV sensilla were similar in general morphology but differed in their mode of attachment to the tegument and in the appearance of their rootlets. The subtle ultrastructural differences in the Types III and IV rootlets probably reflect physiological specializations of response to different stimuli. The Type V sensillum contained an elongate, striated rootlet and was located in deep invaginations of the tegument. They were surrounded by circular and longitudinal muscles which formed numerous hemidesmosomes with the basal lamina encircling the receptors. Sensory receptors of this type may function to detect stresses associated with muscular contractions.
Vortices formation induced by femtosecond laser filamentation in a cloud chamber filled with air and helium (2016)

We report on the experimental observation of the airflow motion induced by an 800 nm, 1 kHz femtosecond filament in a cloud chamber filled with air and helium. It is found that vortex pairs with opposite rotation directions always form both below and above the filaments. We do not observe that the vortices clearly formed above the filament in air just because of the formation of smaller particles with weaker Mie scattering. Simulations of the airflow motion in helium are conducted by using the laser filament as a heat source, and the simulated pattern of vortices and airflow velocity agree well with the experimental results.
Automatic Estimation of Parameters of a Reduced Order Electrochemical Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries at the Beginning-of-Life (2018)

This paper presents a procedure for automatic estimation of parameters of a lithium-ion battery at the beginning-of-life. Based on a reduced order electrochemical model, a two-step sensitivity analysis is employed to group the parameters and divide them using the best state-of-charge (SOC) window. Then, a genetic algorithm is applied to minimize a multi-objective function that is the L2 norm of the voltage error for each SOC window. Results of the procedure are validated against a multiple cycle and an actual driving cycle test, which keep the absolute voltage errors less than 12mV.
New Considerations in ACL Surgery (2023)

➤ Clinicians should be careful to assess for associated injuries including anterolateral complex and medial meniscal ramp lesions or lateral meniscal posterior root tears.➤ Consideration of lateral extra-articular augmentation should be given for patients with >12° of posterior tibial slope.➤ Patients with preoperative knee hyperextension (>5°) or other nonmodifiable risk factors, including high-risk osseous geometry, may benefit from a concomitant anterolateral augmentation procedure to improve rotational stability.➤ Meniscal lesions should be addressed at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with meniscal root or ramp repair.
Vertical confinement and interface effects on the microstructure and charge transport of P3HT thin films (2013)

Abstract Using X‐ray diffraction‐based pole figures, we present quantitative analysis of the microstructure of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) thin films of varying thicknesses, which allows us to determine the crystallinity and microstructure at the semiconductor‐dielectric interface. We find that the interface is approximately one fourth as crystalline as the bulk of the material. Furthermore, the use of a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) enhances the density of interface‐nucleated crystallites by a factor of ∼20. Charge transport measurements as a function of film thickness correlate with interface crystallinity. Hence, we establish the crucial role of SAMs as nucleating agents for increasing carrier mobility in field‐effect devices. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013