gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Import of TFIIB Is Mediated by Kap114p, a Karyopherin with Multiple Cargo-binding Domains (2005)

Nuclear import and export is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved family of soluble transport factors, the karyopherins (referred to as importins and exportins). The yeast karyopherin Kap114p has previously been shown to import histones H2A and H2B, Nap1p, and a component of the preinitiation complex (PIC), TBP. Using a proteomic approach, we have identified several potentially new cargoes for Kap114p. These cargoes include another PIC component, the general transcription factor IIB or Sua7p, which interacted directly with Kap114p. Consistent with its role as a Sua7p import factor, deletion of KAP114 led to specific mislocalization of Sua7p to the cytoplasm. An interaction between Sua7p and TBP was also detected in cytosol, raising the possibility that both Sua7p and TBP can be coimported by Kap114p. We have also shown that Kap114p possesses multiple overlapping binding sites for its partners, Sua7p, Nap1p, and H2A and H2B, as well as RanGTP and nucleoporins. In addition, we have assembled an in vitro complex containing Sua7p, Nap1p, and histones H2A and H2B, suggesting that this Kap may import several proteins simultaneously. The import of more than one cargo at a time would increase the efficiency of each import cycle and may allow the regulation of coimported cargoes.
Effect of Rotation Number on Microstructure of AZ61 Magnesium AlloyProduced by Compressive Torsion Processing (2010)

Grain refinement and texture control in magnesium alloys are an effective way of improving mechanical properties. We have investigated the possibility of microstructure control of metal materials by compressive torsion processing. This process can apply a large strain to a cylindrical work piece by simultaneous compressive and torsional loadings without changing the shape of the work piece. It is expected that not only grain refinement but also texture control can be achieved. In the present work, we applied this process to the microstructure improvement of extruded AZ61 magnesium alloy. The effect of rotation number on microstructure control was investigated. The microstructure of each specimen after processing was analyzed quantitatively and the distribution of grain size was determined. In addition, texture was measured by X-ray diffraction analysis. Grains of several micrometers were observed in the specimens under all conditions. The grains in the specimen processed with a large rotation number were refined homogeneously over the cylindrical work piece. Most basal planes, which were initially oriented parallel to the cylindrical axis, were distributed nearly perpendicular to the axis, the compressive direction, after processing.
The Binding of Benzoarylsulfonamide Ligands to Human Carbonic Anhydrase is Insensitive to Formal Fluorination of the Ligand (2013)

Auf das Wasser kommt es an: Konservierte Bindungsgeometrie, enthalpiegetriebene Bindungsweise und nichtunterscheidbare Bindungsaffinitäten für fluorierte und nichtfluorierte Liganden von humaner Carbonsäureanhydrase (siehe Bild) stützen die Theorie, dass das Schlüssel-Schloss-Modell einen wichtigen Bestandteil des Bindungsvorgangs unbeachtet lässt: das Wasser, das die Bindungstasche des Proteins füllt und den Liganden umgibt.
Unique Interaction between Directly Linked Laminated π Planes in the Benzonorrole Dimer (2012)

Direct link: Two directly linked benzonorrole dimers were prepared and characterized, and both have short interplane distances less than 3.5 Å. While a strong π–π interaction was recognized in the oxidized form (left), only a negligible π–π interaction was observed in the reduced form (right) in spite of its shorter π–π distance. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
ARQ by Subcarrier Assignment for OFDM-Based Systems (2008)

We consider two automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes based on subcarrier assignment in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based systems: single ARQ subcarrier assignment (single ARQ-SA) and multiple ARQ-SA. In single ARQ-SA, data transmitted on a subcarrier in a failed transmission are repeated on a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">single</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">assigned</i> subcarrier in the ARQ transmission. In multiple ARQ-SA, the data are repeated on <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">multiple</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">assigned</i> subcarriers in the ARQ transmission. At the receiver, maximum ratio combining is performed on subcarriers that carry the same data. Our goal is to optimize certain system utility functions (such as to minimize bit error rates or to maximize sum capacity) through the choice of the subcarrier assignment. We show that a large class of reasonable system utility functions that we wish to maximize are characterized as Schur-concave. For this class of utility functions, we obtain the optimum subcarrier assignment for single ARQ-SA and propose a suboptimum (heuristic) subcarrier assignment scheme for multiple ARQ-SA. Further, to lower the overhead of signaling the subcarrier assignment information, we consider subcarrier grouping methods. Numerical results indicate that substantial throughput improvement can be achieved by appropriate assignments, especially with the use of incremental redundancy at high signal-to-noise ratios.
Impact of Switching Harmonics on Capacitor Cells Balancing in Phase-Shifted PWM-Based Cascaded H-Bridge STATCOM (2016)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of switching harmonics on the instantaneous power distribution in the cells of a cascaded H-bridge-based STATCOM when using phase-shifted pulse width modulation. The case of high- and low-switching frequency for the converter cells is investigated and the interaction between voltage and current harmonics is analyzed. It is shown that in both cases, this interaction results in an uneven power distribution among the cells in the same phase leg, leading to drifting of the dc-capacitor voltages and thereby the need for proper stabilization control loops. It is also shown that the selected frequency modulation ratio affects the active power distribution among the cells. In particular, the selection of a noninteger frequency modulation ratio helps in providing a more uniform power distribution among cells of the same phase leg, thus contributing to the capacitors balancing. A methodology for optimal selection of the frequency modulation ratio is given. Theoretical conclusions are validated through simulation and experimental results.
Paper #177: Should the Iliotibial Band Defect be Closed After Lateral Tenodesis? (2017)

Recent evidence has suggested a key role of the superficial and deep layers of the ilio-tibial band in the control of knee rotation. In the context of an extra-articular tenodesis, we present a robotic study evaluating the presence of over-constraint following closure of the ITB defect and report no significant difference; this supports surgical preference as to whether or not to close the defect.
Air Pollution and the Microvasculature: A Cross-Sectional Assessment of In Vivo Retinal Images in the Population-Based Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (2010)

Residing in regions with higher air pollution concentrations and experiencing daily increases in air pollution were each associated with narrower retinal arteriolar diameters in older individuals. These findings support the hypothesis that important vascular phenomena are associated with small increases in short-term or long-term air pollution exposures, even at current exposure levels, and further corroborate reported associations between air pollution and the development and exacerbation of clinical cardiovascular disease. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Addressing Concept-Evolution in Concept-Drifting Data Streams (2010)

The problem of data stream classification is challenging because of many practical aspects associated with efficient processing and temporal behavior of the stream. Two such well studied aspects are infinite length and concept-drift. Since a data stream may be considered a continuous process, which is theoretically infinite in length, it is impractical to store and use all the historical data for training. Data streams also frequently experience concept-drift as a result of changes in the underlying concepts. However, another important characteristic of data streams, namely, concept-evolution is rarely addressed in the literature. Concept-evolution occurs as a result of new classes evolving in the stream. This paper addresses concept-evolution in addition to the existing challenges of infinite-length and concept-drift. In this paper, the concept-evolution phenomenon is studied, and the insights are used to construct superior novel class detection techniques. First, we propose an adaptive threshold for outlier detection, which is a vital part of novel class detection. Second, we propose a probabilistic approach for novel class detection using discrete Gini Coefficient, and prove its effectiveness both theoretically and empirically. Finally, we address the issue of simultaneous multiple novel class occurrence, and provide an elegant solution to detect more than one novel classes at the same time. We also consider feature-evolution in text data streams, which occurs because new features (i.e., words) evolve in the stream. Comparison with state-of-the-art data stream classification techniques establishes the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Investigating methods to improve photovoltaic thermal models at second-to-minute timescales (2022)

This paper presents a range of methods to improve the accuracy of equation-based thermal models of PV modules at second-to-minute timescales. We present an RC-equivalent conceptual model for PV modules, where wind effects are captured. We show how the thermal time constant τ of PV modules can be determined from measured data, and subsequently used to make static thermal models dynamic by applying the Exponential Weighted Mean (EWM) approach to irradiance and wind signals. On average, τ is (6 . 3±1 . 0) min for fixed-mount PV systems. Based on this conceptual model, the Filter- EWM - Mean Bias Error correction (FEM) methodology is developed. We propose two thermal models, WM1 and WM2, and compare these against the models of Ross, Sandia, and Faiman on twenty-four datasets of fifteen sites, with time resolutions ranging from 1s to 1h, the majority of these at 1 min resolution. The FEM methodology is shown to reduce model errors (RMSE and MAE) on average for all sites and models versus the standard steady-state equivalent by −1 . 1K and −0 . 75K respectively.
Performance of an Electronic Decision Support System as a Therapeutic Intervention During a Multicenter PICU Clinical Trial (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01565941, registered March 29 2012; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01565941?term=HALF-PINT&draw=2&rank=1.
Abstract IA31: Phthalimide conjugation as a strategy for targeted protein degradation (2017)

Abstract Ligand-induced target protein destabilization is an efficacious therapeutic strategy in cancer, but discovery in this field has historically been serendipitous given the lack of rational design principles. Building on the molecular logic of immunomodulatory drugs (“IMiDs”), we innovated a facile chemical solution for targeted protein degradation using bifunctional small molecules capable of recruiting the E3 ligase cereblon (CRBN). These bifunctional molecules induce immediate, and complete proteasomal degradation of their target proteins and thus represent a novel class of small molecule therapeutics with an entirely uncharted and unique molecular pharmacology. Focusing our initial efforts on degraders of the BET family of proteins, we observed that they exhibit superior efficacy than BET inhibitors through unknown mechanisms. In order to dissect and mechanistically explain that differential molecular pharmacology, we used optimized small-molecule degraders and kinetic measures of chromatin structure and function to unveil an unrecognized, essential role for BRD4 in global control of transcriptional pause-release. Targeted BET degradation nucleates a collapse in the transcriptional core regulatory circuitry and thus enabled us to exploit transcriptional addictions in T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that were intractable using competitive BET bromodomain inhibitors. Citation Format: Georg E. Winter, Dennis L. Buckley, James E. Bradner. Phthalimide conjugation as a strategy for targeted protein degradation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Targeting the Vulnerabilities of Cancer; May 16-19, 2016; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(1_Suppl):Abstract nr IA31.
Supplementary methods and references, Supplementary Figures 1-9 from T Cells Expressing Checkpoint Receptor TIGIT Are Enriched in Follicular Lymphoma Tumors and Characterized by Reversible Suppression of T-cell Receptor Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. IL-21 producô€†Ÿon is reduced in CD4 FL T cells; Supplementary Figure 2. TCR-induced signaling effectors have different kineô€†Ÿc; Supplementary Figure 3. Idenô€†Ÿficaô€†Ÿon of T-cell subsets; Supplementary Figure 4. Distribuô€†Ÿon of T-cell subsets in FL LN; Supplementary Figure 5. Expression paô€†©erns of co-inhibitory receptors in CD8 and CD4 T-cell subsets; Supplementary Figure 6. Contribuô€†Ÿon of Tregs among CD4+TIGIT+ T cells; Supplementary Figure 7. TIGIT is a highly expressed co-inhibitory receptor in FL; Supplementary Figure 8. TIGIT expression is stable over ô€†Ÿme; Supplementary Figure 9. Recovery of TCR-induced signaling in TIGIT+ CD8+ FL T cells is robust.&lt;/p&gt;
Tapentadol Extended-Release: A Recent Addition to our Analgesic Armamentarium (2012)

SUMMARY In the never-ending process of providing therapy with diminishing side effects, pain medicine stands out as an important area of work. Ever since the introduction of opioids and elucidation of their mechanisms pharmaceutical researchers have sought a compound that provides long-term analgesia with none of the side effects that include somnolence, lethargy, tolerance, addiction, gastrointestinal symptoms and so on. This article reviews one of the latest improvements in analgesia, the formulation of tapentadol as an extended-release medication. Despite not claiming to have eliminated all the negatives of narcotics tapentadol extended-release seems to have made inroads to that goal.
Microstructural changes at the ultra-precision machined surface of Zn–Al based alloy (2008)

Abstract Using X-ray diffraction and back-scattered electron microscopy techniques, microstructural changes and phase decomposition at the ultra-precision machined surface of a Zn – Al based alloy were studied. The effects of the depth of cut on the microstructural changes were discussed in relation to the creep deformation, and the milling-induced microstructural changes. Structural evolution of the chip from the machining was studied in order to understand the ultra-precision machining induced phase decomposition. The effect of ultra-precision machining on the hardness of the surface of the alloy specimen was studied.
Hot-carrier luminescence: comparison of different CMOS technologies (2004)

We present the experimental characterization of the optical emission from individual MOSFETs, due to hot-carriers. A complete understanding of the luminescence dependence on transistor parameters and processing is of crucial importance for assessing the role of hot-carriers in degrading the performances of modern CMOS technologies. Two different technological families, with channel lengths of transistors ranging from 0.2 /spl mu/m to 1.3 /spl mu/m, are compared in terms of luminescence emission. Two distinct behaviours in term of emission intensity have been found for short and long channel lengths. The experimental data of the emission intensity for different bias conditions was then used to develop a compact model to be use during SPICE-like simulations of ICs. Moreover the study and characterization of emission intensity is a valuable tool for investigating hot-carrier distributions and their impact on circuit reliability.
Reconstruction of longitudinal distributed incoherent sources (1996)

We describe measurement of the degree of coherence induced by a random light source distributed along the longitudinal z axis. If this degree of coherence is measured only between all the in-plane pairs of points placed along the radial lines it is proportional to the Fourier transform of the source's three-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the paraxial far zone. A reconstruction of the source shape from the measured degree of coherence is also demonstrated.
Antimalarial Asexual Stage-Specific and Gametocytocidal Activities of HIV Protease Inhibitors (2009)

The stage-specific antimalarial activities of a panel of antiretroviral protease inhibitors (PIs), including two nonpeptidic PIs (tipranavir and darunavir), were tested in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum. While darunavir demonstrated limited antimalarial activity (effective concentration [EC(50)], >50 microM), tipranavir was active at clinically relevant concentrations (EC(50), 12 to 21 microM). Saquinavir, lopinavir, and tipranavir preferentially inhibited the growth of mature asexual-stage parasites (24 h postinvasion). While all of the PIs tested inhibited gametocytogenesis, tipranavir was the only one to exhibit gametocytocidal activity.
Preparation of Composite Vivid Color Particles without Heavy Metal by Organic Yellow Pigment Coating (2005)

近年、黄色系着色材料の分野において、安全で環境影響が少なく、優れた着色力と耐候性を併せ持つ材料が求められている。本研究では、安全な酸化チタン粒子等の白色無機材料をコア粒子として、その黄色化および諸特性を改善するために、結合剤を使用した有機黄色顔料による表面被覆を検討した。得られた有機黄色顔料被覆複合粒子の電子顕微鏡観察により、有機黄色顔料は変形して酸化チタン粒子表面に存在していることが確認できた。有機黄色コーティングによって得られた複合粒子では、その彩度、着色力、および耐侯性が優れており、従来の重金属系無機黄色粒子と比較して同等以上の性能が得られていた。
MIMO Integration for Wireless Backhaul and Inter-Tower Communications in ATSC 3.0 (2022)

Wireless backhaul and inter-tower communications networks were previously proposed as key enabling technologies for the next generation digital broadcasting systems, e.g. the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 system. Due to the backward compatibility constraint, conventional symmetrical multi-input multi-output (MIMO) techniques cannot be applied directly in the existing broadcast infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a non-symmetrical approach to integrate MIMO in wireless backhaul and inter-tower communications networks. The proposed schemes maintain the existing broadcast infrastructure, while only adding a low-power RF feeding cable and one or more highly directional antennas to achieve low-cost MIMO implementation for high throughput data distribution and inter-tower networking for the next generation broadcasting systems. The advantages of the proposed system are low deployment cost and full backward compatibility with the ATSC 3.0 broadcast services.
Determination of measurement uncertainties applied to the RCS and the differential RCS of UHF passive RFID tags (2009)

Measurement methodology and theoretical equations to RCS and ΔRCS determination are recalled and the measurement uncertainties are evaluated in this paper. Even if measurement uncertainties are generally not required for RFID, it is important to understand and to be able to determine the measurement uncertainty. Currently, manufacturers and testing laboratories present some results of RFID measurements but never show the associated uncertainty. Yet, seeing the values of the uncertainties, it is clear that they are not negligible.
Pressure thresholds of the human foot: measurement reliability and effects of stimulus characteristics (2011)

Information related to reliable values of discomfort thresholds can help to improve the designs of various products. This study aimed to investigate the measurement reliabilities associated with pressure thresholds, while determining the effects of stimulus characteristics (stimulus area, indentation speed) of the human foot. An indentation apparatus was used with four sizes of indentation probes and three indentation speeds. In total, 13 locations on the right foot of 10 male and 10 female participants were tested to determine the pressure discomfort thresholds (PDT) and pressure pain thresholds (PPT). Results show that the tests had very good measurement reliability with intra-class correlations (ICC) greater than 0.8 for the PPT measurements and acceptable reliability (most ICC > 0.75, with a few between 0.5 and 0.75) for the PDT measurements, demonstrating that participants are capable of judging their pain and discomfort thresholds. Pressure sensitivity differs across locations of the foot, with the medial plantar arch of the foot being the most sensitive, followed by the dorsal surface of the foot. The heel area was the least sensitive. PPT and PDT are dependent on the stimulus characteristics of the area and the speed of indentation. A smaller area has a higher PPT and PDT, indicating significant effects of spatial summation. The increase of PDT and PPT at higher speeds may be partially explained by the increase in stiffness because foot tissue exhibits viscoelastic properties. The findings can have a significant impact on the design of footwear and other accessories for improved foot health and comfort. Statement of Relevance: This study investigated the threshold measurement reliability while determining the pressure sensitivity on the surface of the foot with varying stimulus characteristics. The findings may be very useful in the design of footwear and other accessories for improved comfort and reduced injuries.
Anticorrosive assay-guided isolation of active phytoconstituents from Anthemis pseudocotula extracts and a detailed study of their effects on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic media (2015)

In this study, anticorrosive properties of various extracts (methanolic, aqueous methanolic and water extracts) of<italic>Anthemis pseudocotula</italic>for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl media is screened for the first time.
Trimethylsilylpyrazoles as Novel Inhibitors of p38 MAP Kinase: A New Use of Silicon Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.