gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sex, age, and hospitalization drive antibody responses in a COVID-19 convalescent plasma donor population (2020)

Convalescent plasma is currently one of the leading treatments for COVID-19, but there is a paucity of data identifying therapeutic efficacy. A comprehensive analysis of the antibody responses in potential plasma donors and an understanding of the clinical and demographic factors that drive variant antibody responses is needed. Among 126 potential convalescent plasma donors, the humoral immune response was evaluated by a SARS-CoV-2 virus neutralization assay using Vero-E6-TMPRSS2 cells, commercial IgG and IgA ELISA to Spike (S) protein S1 domain (Euroimmun), IgA, IgG and IgM indirect ELISAs to the full-length S or S-receptor binding domain (S-RBD), and an IgG avidity assay. Multiple linear regression and predictive models were utilized to assess the correlations between antibody responses with demographic and clinical characteristics. IgG titers were greater than either IgM or IgA for S1, full length S, and S-RBD in the overall population. Of the 126 plasma samples, 101 (80%) had detectable neutralizing titers. Using neutralization titer as the reference, the sensitivity of the IgG ELISAs ranged between 95-98%, but specificity was only 20-32%. Male sex, older age, and hospitalization with COVID-19 were all consistently associated with increased antibody responses across the serological assays. Neutralizing antibody titers were reduced over time in contrast to overall antibody responses. There was substantial heterogeneity in the antibody response among potential convalescent plasma donors, but sex, age and hospitalization emerged as factors that can be used to identify individuals with a high likelihood of having strong antiviral antibody levels.
The QCP File Format and Media Types for Speech Data (2003)

RFC 2658 specifies the streaming format for 3GPP2 13K vocoder (High Rate Speech Service Option 17 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Communications Systems, also known as QCELP 13K vocoder) data, but does not specify a storage format. Many implementations have been using the QCP file format (named for its file extension) for exchanging QCELP 13K data as well as Enhanced Variable Rate Coder (EVRC) and Selectable Mode Vocoders (SMV) data. (For example, Eudora(r), QuickTime(r), and cmda2000(r) handsets).
Can we achieve international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding?† (2007)

A simple terminology has been recommended for the description and definition of symptoms and signs of AUB. This manuscript should be a living document and should be part of an ongoing process with international medical and community debate. Classification of causes, investigations and cultural and quality of life issues should be part of the ongoing process.
Oxygen reduction reaction usingN4-metallomacrocyclic catalysts: fundamentals on rational catalyst design (2012)

In this review, we describe and discuss the developments in the use of metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines as catalysts for oxygen reduction in aqueous electrolytes. The main goal of most researchers in this field has been to design catalysts which can achieve facile reduction of oxygen by the four-electron transfer pathway at the lowest overpotential possible. With this in mind, the primary objective of this review was to bring to light the research frontiers uncovering important milestones towards the synthesis and design of promising N 4 -metallomacrocyclic catalysts which accomplish the four-electron reduction of oxygen, and, based on literature, to draw attention to the fundamental requirements for synthesis of improved catalysts operating at low overpotentials. Our emphasis was not to make parallel comparisons between individual classes of N 4 -metallomacrocyclic complexes with respect to their activity, but rather to focus on the commonalities of the fundamental properties that govern their reactivities and how these may be aptly manipulated to develop better catalysts. Therefore, besides discussion of the progress attained with regard to synthesis and design of catalysts with high selectivity towards four-electron reduction of O 2 , a major part of the review highlights quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) which govern the activity and stability of these complexes, which when well understood, refined and carefully implemented should constitute a fundamental gateway for rational design of better catalysts.
Design of a PIP-II Era Mu2e Experiment (2022)

We propose a design of an upgraded Mu2e experiment for the future Fermilab PIP-II era based on the muon collider front end. The consensus is that such an upgrade should provide a factor of 10 increase in the rate of stopping muons in the experimental target. The current Mu2e design is optimized for 8 kW of protons at 8 GeV. The PIP-II upgrade project is a 250-meter-long CW linac capable of accelerating a 2-mA proton beam to a kinetic energy of 800 MeV (total power 1.6 MW). This would significantly improve the Fermilab proton source to enable next-generation intensity frontier experiments. But using this 800 MeV beam poses challenges to the Mu2E experiment. Bright muon beams generated from sources designed for muon collider and neutrino factory facilities have been shown to generate two orders of magnitude more muons per proton than the current Mu2e production target and solenoid. In contrast to the current Mu2e, the muon collider design has forward-production of muons from the target.
Dynamic Upstream Bandwidth Allocation over (2005)

Ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs) are a low-cost, high-speed solution to the bottleneck problem of the broadband access network. A critical issue of EPONs is the utility of a shared upstream channel among the local users, and thus, an efficient bandwidth allocation mechanism is required in order to facilitate statistical multiplexing among the local network traffics. This paper proposes a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme, i.e., limited sharing with traffic prediction (LSTP), for the upstream channel sharing. Based on the MultiPoint Control Protocol (MPCP) and the bursty traffic prediction, LSTP yields significant performance improvement as compared to other existing proposals.
p53–Pirh2 Complex Promotes Twist1 Degradation and Inhibits EMT (2018)

Abstract Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process involved in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Twist1 is a key EMT-inducing transcription factor, which is upregulated in multiple types of cancers and has been shown to promote tumor cell invasiveness and support tumor progression. Conversely, p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in cancers. This study demonstrates the ability of wild-type (WT) p53 to promote the degradation of Twist1 protein. By forming a complex with Twist1 and the E3 ligase Pirh2, WT p53 promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Twist1, thus inhibiting EMT and maintaining the epithelial phenotype. The ability of p53 to induce Twist1 degradation is abrogated when p53 is mutated. Consequently, the loss of p53-induced Twist1 degradation leads to EMT and the acquisition of a more invasive cancer phenotype. Implication: These data provide new insight into the metastatic process at the molecular level and suggest a signaling pathway that can potentially be used to develop new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets to curtail cancer progression.
Early Versus Late Culture Growth of Propionibacterium acnes in Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty (2015)

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Figure S2 from Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody Delivery and Antitumor Activity Using a Polymeric Depot Formulation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PSMA and CD3 expression of targeted cells&lt;/p&gt;
Extraction of iron(III) from acidic sulfate solutions with bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid in PENRECO® 170 ES, a new friendly diluent (2002)

The extraction of iron(III) from acidic sulfate solutions by bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) is investigated by using PENRECO® 170 ES as a diluent. PENRECO® 170 ES is new diluent which offers advantages such as improved solvency power, more complete phase disengagement and reduced losses in aqueous streams, with reductions of over 50% in diluent usage after 1 year, compared with conventional paraffinic diluents. The chemical analyses performed in the present work suggest that such properties arise, at least in part, from the presence of a series of hydrophobic branched alcohols in its composition (at least 0.6 mol dm−3). In spite of the solvation effects due to these alcohols, HDEHP is dimeric in this diluent and, in the presence of an excess of HDEHP, the extraction of iron(III) takes place according to the classical equation: with Kex = 105.7 ± 0.2 (at I = 1 mol dm−3). Such a value of Kex is similar to that reported for pure hexane, which shows that the presence of long chain alcohols in PENRECO® 170 ES has no perceptible influence on the thermodynamics of iron(III) extraction by HDEHP. The extraction of iron(III) by HDEHP in PENRECO® 170 ES is slightly more rapid than in kerosene, which indicates that the molecules of alcohols constituting PENRECO® 170 ES have no negative effect on the kinetics of metal extraction although they compete with the extractant molecules for adsorption at the liquid–liquid interface. Stripping of iron(III) from loaded organic solutions by sulfuric acid is easy and rapid (95% equilibrium reached within 2 min) when HDEHP is used at moderate concentrations (typically 0.1 mol dm−3). At higher HDEHP concentrations, stripping is difficult and incomplete, as found previously with other diluents. Thus, PENRECO® 170 ES is interesting in its ability to overcome some of the physical problems encountered in liquid–liquid operations, but its use does not modify significantly the chemistry of iron(III) extraction by HDEHP. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of a 125I labelled [1,3H]imidazole: 2‐n‐butyl‐4(5)‐125I‐iodo‐5(4)‐hydroxymethylene imidazole (1991)

Abstract A method for the introduction of 125 I in a substituted imidazole has been devised. 2‐n‐Butyl‐4(5)‐hydroxymethylene imidazole undergoes rapid and selective electrophilic substitution on the ring when treated with a halogenating agent such as, i. a., N‐chlorosuccinimide. This reaction has been adapted to the preparation of 2‐n‐butyl‐4(5)‐ 125 I‐iodo‐5(4)‐hydroxymethylence imidazole by treatment of 2‐n‐butyl‐4(5)‐hydroxymethylene imidazole by chloramine‐T in the presence of sodium iodide. The radiolabelled product purified and isolated by HPLC is obtained at a high specific activity (2200Ci/ mmol) with good chemical and radiochemical yields (˜70%).
Functionalization of single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes with cationic amphiphiles for plasmid DNA complexation and transfection (2009)

The possibility of delivering DNA efficiently to cells represents a crucial issue for the treatment of both genetic and acquired diseases. However, even although the efficiency of non-viral transfection systems has improved in the last decade, none have yet proven to be sufficiently effective in vivo. We report herein our results on the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) by two cationic amphiphiles (lipid RPR120535 and pyrenyl polyamine), their use for the complexation of plasmid DNA, and their efficiency in transfecting cells in vitro. The experiments have shown that the efficiency of transfection is higher when using SWNT instead of MWNT, and that transfection efficiency is similar or slightly higher when using nanoplexes (SWNT/lipid RPR120535/DNA) instead of lipoplexes (lipid RPR120535/DNA) and several orders of magnitude higher than that of naked DNA. This study therefore shows both that the transfection is better when using SWNTs and that it is dependent on the nature of the amphiphilic molecules adsorbed on the nanotubes.
Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus spp. isolated from cases of clinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Poland (2017)

Mastitis of dairy cattle is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases worldwide. The main etiological agents of mastitis are bacteria of the genus Streptococcus spp., in which several antibiotic resistance mechanisms have been identified. However, detailed studies addressing this problem have not been conducted in northeastern Poland. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze, on phenotypic and genotypic levels, the antibiotic resistance pattern of Streptococcus spp. isolated from clinical cases of mastitis from dairy cattle in this region of Poland. The research was conducted using 135 strains of Streptococcus (Streptococcus uberis, n = 53; Streptococcus dysgalactiae, n = 41; Streptococcus agalactiae, n = 27; other streptococci, n = 14). The investigation of the antimicrobial susceptibility to 8 active substances applied in therapy in the analyzed region, as well as a selected bacteriocin (nisin), was performed using the minimum inhibitory concentration method. The presence of selected resistance genes (n = 14) was determined via PCR. We also investigated the correlation between the presence of resistance genes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the examined strains in vitro. The highest observed resistance of Streptococcus spp. was toward gentamicin, kanamycin, and tetracycline, whereas the highest susceptibility occurred toward penicillin, enrofloxacin, and marbofloxacin. Additionally, the tested bacteriocin showed high efficacy. The presence of 13 analyzed resistance genes was observed in the examined strains [gene mef(A) was not detected]. In most strains, at least one resistance gene, mainly responsible for resistance to tetracyclines [tet(M), tet(K), tet(L)], was observed. However, a relationship between the presence of a given resistance gene and antimicrobial susceptibility on the phenotypic level was not always observed.
Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology (2012)

In 1962, R.B. Merrifield published the first procedure using solid-phase peptide synthesis as a novel route to efficiently synthesize peptides. This technique quickly proved advantageous over its solution-phase predecessor in both time and labor. Improvements concerning the nature of solid support, the protecting groups employed and the coupling methods employed over the last five decades have only increased the usefulness of Merrifield's original system. Today, use of a Boc-based protection and base/nucleophile cleavable resin strategy or Fmoc-based protection and acidic cleavable resin strategy, pioneered by R.C. Sheppard, are most commonly used for the synthesis of peptides1. Inspired by Merrifield's solid supported strategy, we have developed a Boc/tert-butyl solid-phase synthesis strategy for the assembly of functionalized bis-peptides2, which is described herein. The use of solid-phase synthesis compared to solution-phase methodology is not only advantageous in both time and labor as described by Merrifield1, but also allows greater ease in the synthesis of bis-peptide libraries. The synthesis that we demonstrate here incorporates a final cleavage stage that uses a two-step "safety catch" mechanism to release the functionalized bis-peptide from the resin by diketopiperazine formation. Bis-peptides are rigid, spiro-ladder oligomers of bis-amino acids that are able to position functionality in a predictable and designable way, controlled by the type and stereochemistry of the monomeric units and the connectivity between each monomer. Each bis-amino acid is a stereochemically pure, cyclic scaffold that contains two amino acids (a carboxylic acid with an α-amine)3,4. Our laboratory is currently investigating the potential of functional bis-peptides across a wide variety of fields including catalysis, protein-protein interactions and nanomaterials.
The Mechanism of Discharge in Electrographic ZnO—Binder Layer (1975)

The electrical behaviour of ZnO-binder layer in which a thin insulating layer lies between the ZnO and the earthed base has been investigated. Such double layers will discharge completely with light of sufficient intensity; the discharge curves show a definite break-point, which is associated with the arrival of the original surface charge on the interface. A model describing the phenomena assumcs that a Schottky-type barrier is set up in the insulator along the interface, where recombination centres will impede charge injection into the insulator at low exposure intensities. Space charges will build up within the insulator; their interplay with the traps at the interface affect the discharge. The nature of thc charge carriers—e1ectronic or ionic—is not clear.
A Novel Agnostic Respiratory Stimulant as a Treatment for Apnea of Prematurity: A Proof-of-Concept Study (2022)

These results suggest that ENA-001 might be an effective therapy, alone or as a co-medication, for the treatment of AOP. They further suggest that ENA-001 might have broader applications in situations of neurological ventilatory insufficiency.
La mutation d’un seul acide amoné, lysine 231 en arginine, de la protéine VP1 du virus de l’encéphalomyocardite est suffisante pour atténuer son pouvoir infectieux pour des cellules primaires humaines (2008)

National audience
Role of Ivermectin in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Literature (2021)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected almost every country in the world since De-cember 2019. Despite the efforts of the human race to combat the virus, we are still looking for an evidence-based permanent cure for the disease. Ivermectin has recently emerged as one of the therapies having a beneficial effect on COVID-19. Ivermectin, owing to its properties, continues to be a possible treatment against the COVID-19 disease. Already being a mainstream drug with minimal adverse effects, it garners valid consideration. It's use in hospitalized patients, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies has also supported its implementation. In this article, we have reviewed recent studies and explored the effectiveness of ivermectin in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Ultra thin AlN piezoelectric nano-actuators (2009)

This paper reports the first implementation of ultra thin (100 nm) aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric layers for the fabrication of vertically deflecting nano-actuators. An average piezoelectric coefficient (d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sub> ~ - 1.9 pC/N) that is comparable to its microscale counterpart has been demonstrated in nanoscale thin AlN films. Vertical deflections as large as 40 nm have been obtained in 18 mum long and 350 nm thick cantilever beams under bimorph actuation with 2 V. Furthermore, in-plane stress and stress gradients have been simultaneously controlled. Leakage current lower than 2 nA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 1 V has been recorded and an average relative dielectric constant of approximately 9.2 (as in thicker films) has been measured. These material characteristics and preliminary actuation results make the AlN nano-films ideal candidates for the realization of nanoelectromechanical switches for low power logic applications.
Poly(p-phenylene selenide): structure control in a precursor to a conducting polymer (1982)

Poly(p-phenylene selenide), synthesized for the first time from p-dibromobenzene and a new sodium selenide reagent, has a crystal structure isomorphous to its sulphur analogue and is rendered conducting by arsenic pentafluoride.
Fluidity and Lipid Composition of Membranes of Peroxisomes, Mitochondria and the ER From Oleic Acid-Induced Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2020)

The maintenance of a fluid lipid bilayer is key for organelle function and cell viability. Given the critical role of lipid compositions in determining membrane properties and organelle identity, it is clear that cells must have elaborate mechanism for membrane maintenance during adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Emphasis of the presented study is on peroxisomes, oleic acid-inducible organelles that are essential for the growth of yeast under conditions of oleic acid as single carbon source. Here, we isolated peroxisomes, mitochondria and ER from oleic acid-induced <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and determined the lipid composition of their membranes using shotgun lipidomics and compared it to lipid ordering using fluorescence microscopy. In comparison to mitochondrial and ER membranes, the peroxisomal membranes were slightly more disordered and characterized by a distinct enrichment of phosphaditylinositol, indicating an important role of this phospholipid in peroxisomal membrane associated processes.
The CINRG Becker Natural History Study: Baseline characteristics (2020)

We performed an observational, natural history study of males with in-frame dystrophin gene deletions causing Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). A prospective natural history study collected longitudinal medical, strength, and timed function assessments. Eighty-three participants with genetically confirmed BMD were enrolled (age range 5.6-75.4 years). Lower extremity function and the percentage of participants who retained ambulation declined across the age span. The largest single group of participants had in-frame deletions that corresponded to an out-of-frame deletion treated with an exon 45 skip to restore the reading frame. This group of 54 participants showed similarities in baseline motor functional assessments when compared to the group of all others in the study. A prospective natural history cohort with in-frame dystrophin gene deletions offers the potential to contribute to clinical trial readiness for BMD and to analyze therapeutic benefit of exon skipping for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Three-axis control of tailless aircraft using fluidic actuators: MAGMA case study (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2530.vid This paper presents an assessment of the opportunity for full three-axis control of the MAGMA aircraft with the fins removed using a combination of Fluidic Thrust Vectoring, Circulation Control and Wingtip Reaction Jets. Effectiveness of the fluidic actuators is defined by values derived from previous flight test campaigns. Simulations are undertaken to assess the mass flow required to fly a typical mission for the aircraft. Results show that by using the circulation control devices for roll and pitch control, and the fluidic thrust vectoring for yaw full control can be achieved using a mean value of 60% of the available mass flow from the engine. This result indicates that it would be possible to demonstrate full three-axis control of a sub-scale demonstrator aircraft within the limits of current manufacturing technology.
Tracing Requirements for Generic Tunnels (2003)

This document specifies requirements for a generic route-tracing application. It also specifies requirements for a protocol that will support that application. Network operators will use the generic route-tracing application to verify proper operation of the IP forwarding plane. They will also use the application to discover details regarding tunnels that support IP forwarding.