gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The BCRs Expressed by Leukemia Cells from TCL1 Transgenic Mice Resemble Those of Unmutated B-CLL. (2005)

Abstract Introduction: Eμ-T cell leukemia-1 (TCL-1) transgenic (Tg) mice serve as models of human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). These animals develop oligoclonal expansions of CD5+ B cells, one of which transforms into a B-CLL-like cell at ~13 - 18 months of age. A major unanswered question is whether the IgV gene restrictions seen in the TCL1 Tg model resemble those identified in human B-CLL. Therefore we analyzed the DNA sequences of the expressed, rearranged VHDJH and VLJL from 11 TCL1 Tg mice for V gene use, association with specific D and J segments, and shared H and L CDR3 motifs. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from spleens and lymph nodes of mice with obvious leukemia and reverse-transcribed to cDNA. To determine the Ig VH genes used by B cell clonal expansions, consensus FR1 primers and consensus JH primers were used for PCR. For Ig VL genes, Vκ consensus primers and Cκ primers were used. PCR products were either sequenced directly or cloned into vectors and then analyzed. DNA sequences were compared to the mouse Ig V gene germline genes deposited in NCBI GenBank and IMGT V-Quest. To confirm that nucleotide differences were actual point somatic mutations and not polymorphisms of known VH germline genes or heretofore unrecognized germline genes, PCR was performed on DNA from splenocytes of non-Tg mice using primers specific for the intron upstream of FR1 and the recombination signal sequences 3′ of the gene. PCR products were cloned and up to 60 colonies were sequenced. Using this approach, three new germline genes were identified and reported to GenBank. HCDR3 motifs were used to search both nucleotide and protein databases to identify similar sequences of known antigen specificity or B-cell subset origin. Results: DNA sequences of the VHDJH and VLJL from all (n=11) TCL1 Tg mice studied were &amp;lt;2% different from the most similar germline counterpart. Eight of the 11 clones used VH 1 family genes and the other three used VH 3, 5 and 12 family genes. HCDR3 and LCDR3 of these sequences frequently contained charged amino acids at the V-(D)-J junctions. Database searches for sequences similar to those of the TCL1 clones revealed groups of non-B-CLL sequences with identical or very similar HCDR3 motifs; some of these groups used the same VH gene and others used different VH genes. These structurally similar antibodies were either autoantibodies or antibodies produced by B-1 cells. One anti-bacterial antibody also was included. Conclusions: The clones that eventually become leukemic in TCL1 mice resemble those of human B-CLL cases with the worst clinical outcome in that they do not exhibit significant levels of Ig V gene mutations and they are structurally similar to autoantibodies and anti-microbial antibodies. Therefore, this model will be valuable in analyzing the development and progression of B-CLL cells from normal CD5+ B cells and the role that antigen-receptor engagement by autoantigens and microbial antigens plays in this process.
Colonoscopy and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Retrospective Territory‐Wide Cohort Study (2021)

The benefit of colonoscopy and/or polypectomy for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. We aimed to estimate the incidence rate of CRC in patients with NAFLD who had and had not undergone colonoscopy. We conducted a retrospective territory-wide cohort study for patients aged over 40 years with NAFLD identified with the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2014. Patients were followed until CRC diagnosis, death, or December 31, 2017. We estimated CRC incidence and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) using the general population of Hong Kong as reference. We included 8,351 patients with NAFLD in the final analysis (median age, 56.2 years; interquartile ratio [IQR], 49.2-65.3 years; 45.4% male; median follow-up, 7.4 years; IQR, 5.4-9.6 years). Compared with the general population, patients with NAFLD who had not undergone colonoscopy had a higher incidence of CRC (SIR, 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-2.88; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Patients with NAFLD who had undergone colonoscopy had a lower incidence of CRC (SIR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.37-0.75; <i>P</i> < 0.001), especially among those aged above 50 years or with diabetes mellitus (DM). Patients with NAFLD with a high fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score (>2.67) had a significantly higher risk of CRC after adjusting for demographic and metabolic factors. <i>Conclusion:</i> Patients with NAFLD who had undergone colonoscopy had a lower incidence of CRC than the general population, especially among those aged ≥50 years or with DM. A high FIB-4 index was associated with a higher risk of CRC.
Minimum power operation of cascade inverter based dynamic voltage restorer (2006)

The paper introduces a new method for sag mitigation in distribution networks using the energy storage capability of a cascade inverter type dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). A parametric analysis of the sag-control capability as a function of the load power factor is first conducted, and then used to design a new control strategy that optimize the real energy injected by the DVR. The proposed mitigation method has the capability to mitigates longer duration sags while maintaining minimal capacitor energy storage. Special consideration is also given to the case when the injected voltage attains its ceiling. The analytical results are validated through electromagnetic transients simulation of a cascade 5-level inverter used for sag control.
Diverse Representations of Olfactory Information in Centrifugal Feedback Projections (2016)

Principles of anatomical organization, sometimes instantiated as "maps" in the mammalian brain, have provided key insights into the structure and function of circuits in sensory systems. Generally, these characterizations focus on projections from early sensory processing areas to higher processing structures despite considerable evidence that feedback or centrifugal projections often constitute major conduits of information flow. Our results identify structure in the organization of centrifugal feedback projections to the olfactory bulb that is fundamentally different from the organization of feedforward circuits. Our study suggests that understanding computations performed in the olfactory bulb, and more generally in the olfactory system, requires understanding interactions between feedforward and feedback "maps" both structurally and functionally.
Acoustic radiation from a submerged pile during pile driving (2010)

Pile driving with an impact hammer is inherently a transient process and can produce very high sound levels. It is shown that the underwater noise during pile driving is due to a radial expansion of the pile that propagates along the pile after impact. This structural wave produces a wave front cone in the water, and a downward moving wave that continues into the sediment. An upward moving wave front is produced in the sediment after the first reflection of the structural wave, which is subsequently transmitted into the water. This process is repeated to produce an acoustic field that consists of wave fronts with alternating positive and negative angles. Good agreement in the estimate of the angles was obtained between a finite element wave propagation model and measurements taken during a full scale pile driving study.
Optimizing conditions for methylmercury extraction from fish samples for GC analysis using response surface methodology (2009)

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum experimental conditions to extract methylmercury from fish samples for GC analysis. The influence of four variables - acid concentration (3-12 M), cysteine concentration (0.5-2% w/v), solvent volume (3-9 ml) and extraction time (10-30 min) - on recovery of methylmercury was evaluated. The detection limit for methylmercury analysis using a microelectron capture detector was 7 ng g(-1) in fish samples. The mean recovery under optimum conditions was 94%. Experimental data were adequately fitted into a second-order polynomial model with multiple regression coefficients (r(2)) of 0.977. The four variables had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the recovery of methylmercury from a reference material (BCR-463). Optimum conditions for methylmercury extraction were found using an acid concentration of 12.2 M, cysteine concentration of 2.4%, solvent volume of 1.5 ml and extraction time of 35 min. The validation of the developed method to analyze methylmercury in fish samples exhibited good agreement with mercury content in the samples.
A busy professor's guide to sanely flipping your classroom (2013)

This paper describes the use of the flipped classroom approach for an Introduction to Electromagnetics course. Video lectures were created on a tablet PC, and uploaded to YouTube. Students watched the videos before coming to class. Class time was used for problem solving strategy (using homework as the problems) and engineering applications of the concepts. Student satisfaction scores (course evaluations) rose significantly, and preliminary data show test scores have also risen.
Structural and Spectroscopic Demonstration of Agostic C−C Interactions in Electron-Deficient Metallacyclobutanes and Related Cage Complexes:  Possible Implications for Olefin Polymerizations and Metatheses  [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 12426−12435]. (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionStructural and Spectroscopic Demonstration of Agostic C−C Interactions in Electron-Deficient Metallacyclobutanes and Related Cage Complexes: Possible Implications for Olefin Polymerizations and Metatheses [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 12426−12435].Benjamin G. Harvey, Charles L. Mayne, Atta M. Arif, Robert Tomaszewski, and Richard D. ErnstCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 5, 1770Publication Date (Web):January 17, 2006Publication History Published online17 January 2006Published inissue 1 February 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja059925ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja059925acorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (11 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table 4 from A Phase I Open-Label Study to Identify a Dosing Regimen of the Pan-AKT Inhibitor AZD5363 for Evaluation in Solid Tumors and in <i>PIK3CA</i>-Mutated Breast and Gynecologic Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 4. Tables with results of molecular analyses of Part C patients (PIK3CA and ESR1 mutation status in tissue and ctDNA, PTEN status in archival tissue)&lt;/p&gt;
Polarization Conversion from a Two-Port Impedance Loaded Tag (2022)

The electromagnetic clutter mitigation is increasingly demanded for achieving the indoor identification and long-range reading of wireless and passive sensor tags. In this paper, a new Polarization Diversity scheme is proposed to reduce the clutter and potentially, to increase the reader to tag separation distance. The proposed wireless tag is a two-port patch antenna loaded by proper passive impedances. When illuminated by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field, the proposed tag backscatters a linearly or circularly polarized field, depending on the choice of four passive load impedances. This polarization conversion is then easily controlled, and can be advantageously implemented to improve the existing wireless systems by reducing the line-of-sight environment clutter and, from this, increasing reader-to-tag separation distance.
A Unified Prediction Framework for Signal Maps: Not All Measurements are Created Equal (2022)

Signal maps are essential for the planning and operation of cellular networks. However, the measurements needed to create such maps are expensive, often biased, not always reflecting the performance metrics of interest, and posing privacy risks. In this paper, we develop a unified framework for predicting cellular performance maps from limited available measurements. Our framework builds on a state-of-the-art random-forest predictor, or any other base predictor. We propose and combine three mechanisms that deal with the fact that not all measurements are equally important for a particular prediction task. First, we design <i>quality-of-service functions (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>Q</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="markopoulou-ieq1-3221773.gif" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/></alternatives></inline-formula>)</i> , including signal strength (RSRP) but also other metrics of interest to operators, such as number of bars, coverage (improving recall by 76%-92%) and call drop probability (reducing error by as much as 32%). By implicitly altering the loss function employed in learning, quality functions can also improve prediction for RSRP itself where it matters (e.g., MSE reduction up to 27% in the low signal strength regime, where high accuracy is critical). Second, we introduce <i>weight functions</i> ( <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$</tex-math></inline-formula> ) to specify the relative importance of prediction at different locations and other parts of the feature space. We propose re-weighting based on importance sampling to obtain unbiased estimators when the sampling and target distributions are different. This yields improvements up to 20% for targets based on spatially uniform loss or losses based on user population density. Third, we apply the <i>Data Shapley</i> framework for the first time in this context: to assign values ( <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\phi$</tex-math></inline-formula> ) to individual measurement points, which capture the importance of their contribution to the prediction task. This can improve prediction (e.g., from 64% to 94% in recall for coverage loss) by removing points with negative values and storing only the remaining data points (i.e., as low as 30%), which also has the side-benefit of helping privacy. We evaluate our methods and demonstrate significant improvement in prediction performance, using several real-world datasets.
Optimized, Omnidirectional Surface Acoustic Wave Source: 152° Y -Rotated Cut of Lithium Niobate for Acoustofluidics (2020)

Here, we propose an optimized Y -rotated cut of lithium niobate (LN) for multidirectional surface acoustic wave (SAW) propagation, simultaneously minimizing the anisotropic effects while maximizing the electromechanical properties of this cut of LN. The goal is to offer a piezoelectric material suitable for acoustofluidics applications that require greater flexibility in wave generation and propagation than the currently ubiquitous 128<sup>°</sup> Y -rotated X -propagating cut. The 128YX LN cut is known to most effectively generate Rayleigh SAW along the x -direction alone. Any SAW veering from this propagation direction is affected by beam steering and changes in resonance frequency and electromechanical coupling coefficients, consequently limiting the use of LN in various acoustofluidics applications, where more diverse configurations would be beneficial. The L<sub>2</sub> -norm of these properties was evaluated under rotational transformation to produce a physical model with closed governing equations for 40-MHz surface wave propagation on the surface of a piezoelectric material. This was then utilized to obtain the surface wave velocity and coupling coefficient of the specific Y -cut LN with respect to the propagating direction. Next, the averaged coupling coefficients of various Y -cuts of LN in all propagating directions were calculated and integrated to simultaneously minimize anisotropy and maximize the electromechanical properties of the LN substrate. A 152<sup>°</sup> Y -rotated cut was found to be the optimal choice under these constraints, enabling multidirectional SAW propagation with greater coupling and lower variation in wave performance for SAW generated across the surface in any direction. Compared with the 128YX LN cut, this cut provides a 66.5% improvement in the in-plane isotropy and a 37.0% improvement in the average electromechanical coupling for in-plane SAW propagation. Experimental devices operating at the frequency of 40 MHz were designed, fabricated, and tested on the surface of this 500- [Formula: see text]-thick specific cut of LN and served to verify the supporting analysis and the superior isotropic properties of the 152<sup>°</sup> Y -rotated cut in generating SAW.
Extreme pressure properties of nanolubricants for metal-forming applications (2016)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extreme pressure properties of CuO and TiO 2 nanoparticle additives with the incorporation of a surfactant within a synthetic fluid for metal-forming applications. Design/methodology/approach – The paper studies the effect of CuO and TiO 2 nanoparticle additives at various concentrations (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 wt. per cent) in a synthetic lubricant fluid under extreme pressure conditions. Oleic acid surfactant is added to the nanolubricant to improve dispersion and stability of nanoparticles. Extreme pressure tribological tests are performed on a four-ball T-02 tribotester according to the ITEePib Polish method for testing lubricants under conditions of scuffing. Findings – The results show that the addition CuO and TiO 2 nanoparticles under the presence of OA resulted in an increase of the load-carrying capacity (poz) of the lubricant up to 137 and 60 per cent, respectively. The seizure load was also increased by 50 and 15 per cent, respectively. Practical implications – The results show that CuO and TiO 2 nanoparticles can be successfully used as additives improving extreme pressure properties of lubricants. Originality/value – This demonstrates the potential of nanoparticle additives using surfactants for improving the extreme pressure properties of lubricants. These nanolubricants can be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.
Grant-Free Massive Access for LEO-satellite based 6G IoT networks (2022)

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite based Internet of Things (IoT) is envisaged as one of the most promising IoT technology to support the massive machine-type communication (mMTC) scenarios. It facilitates global coverage to the low-cost IoT devices for the beyond 5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G) mobile communication. Grant-based resource allocation mechanisms have been a primary approach for wireless access and have worked well for conventional data traffic in terrestrial networks. For 5G-NR uplink grant-based access, a user first transmits a scheduling request (SR) followed by a buffer status report (BSR) before the actual data transmission. Such a long-drawn uplink resource allocation procedures makes it unsuitable for satellite-based IoT networks whereby one-side propagation delays itself are of the order of 2 – 6 ms. Under such a scenario providing dedicated grants would entail massive overheads. Grant-free (GF) access and resource allocation strategy provides a promising solution to support infrequent low and moderate traffic where data can be directly transmitted over GF access resources. Therefore, it fits well in case of IoT devices with sporadic traffic. In this paper, we propose a GF access scheme which performs dynamic resource allocation among the unscheduled resource blocks periodically wherein the users can transmit their buffer-status along with their data. Finally, the performance of the scheme is evaluated both analytically and with the help of extensive system-level simulations comparing the proposed scheme with conventional 5G-NR network.
[Release of DNA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro during spontaneous growth and treatment with ciprofloxacin]. (2005)

The certain amount of bacterial DNA were released from P. aeruginosa in the spontaneous growth. Different concentrations of Cipro had quite differential effects on the DNA release from P. aeruginosa in quantities and molecular weights in vitro.
16-QAM transmitter using monolithically integrated quad Mach-Zehnder IQ modulator (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate an optical 16-QAM transmitter using a monolithically integrated quad-Mach-Zehnder in-phase/quadrature (QMZ-IQ) modulator with binary driving electronics.
Data from Molecular Target Characterization and Antimyeloma Activity of the Novel, Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Inhibitor, GTx-134 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Therapeutic strategies that target insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) hold promise in a wide variety of cancers including multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we describe GTx-134, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of IGF-1R and insulin receptor (IR) and characterized its antitumor activity in preclinical models of MM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The activity of GTx-134 as a single agent and in combination was tested in MM cell lines and primary patient samples. Downstream effector proteins and correlation with apoptosis was evaluated. Cytotoxcity in bone marrow stroma coculture experiments was assessed. Finally, the &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; efficacy was evaluated in a human myeloma xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; GTx-134 inhibited the growth of 10 of 14 myeloma cell lines (&lt;5 μmol/L) and induced apoptosis. Sensitivity to GTx-134 correlated with IGF-1R signal inhibition. Expression of &lt;i&gt;MDR-1&lt;/i&gt; and CD45 were associated with resistance to GTx-134. Coculture with insulin-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or adherence to bone marrow stroma conferred modest resistance, but did not overcome GTx-134–induced cytotoxicity. GTx-134 showed &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; synergies when combined with dexamethasone or lenalidomide. Further, GTx-134 enhanced the activity of PD173074, a fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) inhibitor, against t(4;14) myeloma cells. Therapeutic efficacy of GTx-134 was shown against primary cells and xenograft tumors. Although dysregulation of glucose homeostasis was observed in GTx-134–treated mice, impairment of glucose tolerance was modest.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These studies support the potential therapeutic efficacy of GTx-134 in MM. Further, they provide a rationale for clinical application in combination with established antimyeloma treatments and novel targeted therapies. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(14); 4693–704. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;