gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HEARTMATE III (2001)

PURPOSE: A single-fault tolerant “bearingless motor” with integrated electronics has been designed, developed and tested for a compact, implantable, centrifugal maglev LVAD (HeartMate III). The goal of this work is a robust device that is easy to implant and exhibits high reliability for permanent (10+ year) use. METHODS: The single-fault-tolerant bearingless motor for HeartMate III with external electronics has been tested successfully during the last two years ex vivo and in vivo. A prototype of the sam bearingless motor with integrated electronics was designed, built an tested ex vivo. The electronics is now built into the motor and pump housing and comprises the sensor, power and processor units needed to operated the maglev bloodpump. The pump can be operated directly from the supply unit (TETS or a battery) without further electronics. The electronic system and the motor are fully redundant, which is achieved with two identical subsystems. The so- called single-fault-tolerant pump is operated in “hot-redundancy”. In case of a motor or electronics fault, the function of sensing, control and drive revert to the intact twin without interruption. To monitor the system and to handle error modes, several supervisory modules are included. RESULT: The single-fault tolerant bearingless centrifugal LVAD was tested under normal operation as well as under a host of error states. The LVAD with integrated electronics is planned for use in the next HeartMate development phase.
Rapid, Transient Fluconazole Resistance in Candida albicans Is Associated with Increased mRNA Levels of CDR (1998)

Fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, a cause of recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, has recently emerged as a cause of candidiasis in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy and marrow transplantation (MT). In this study, we performed detailed molecular analyses of a series of C. albicans isolates from an MT patient who developed disseminated candidiasis caused by an azole-resistant strain 2 weeks after initiation of fluconazole prophylaxis (K. A. Marr, T. C. White, J. A. H. vanBurik, and R. A. Bowden, Clin. Infect. Dis. 25:908-910, 1997). DNA sequence analysis of the gene (ERG11) for the azole target enzyme, lanosterol demethylase, revealed no difference between sensitive and resistant isolates. A sterol biosynthesis assay revealed no difference in sterol intermediates between the sensitive and resistant isolates. Northern blotting, performed to quantify mRNA levels of genes encoding enzymes in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway (ERG7, ERG9, and ERG11) and genes encoding efflux pumps (MDR1, ABC1, YCF, and CDR), revealed that azole resistance in this series is associated with increased mRNA levels for members of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, CDR genes. Serial growth of resistant isolates in azole-free media resulted in an increased susceptibility to azole drugs and corresponding decreased mRNA levels for the CDR genes. These results suggest that C. albicans can become transiently resistant to azole drugs rapidly after exposure to fluconazole, in association with increased expression of ABC transporter efflux pumps.
Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis of Amino Acids in Cell Culture (SILAC) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Object Tracking by Structure Tensor Analysis (2010)

Covariance matrices have recently been a popular choice for versatile tasks like recognition and tracking due to their powerful properties as local descriptor and their low computational demands. This paper outlines similarities of covariance matrices to the well-known structure tensor. We show that the generalized version of the structure tensor is a powerful descriptor and that it can be calculated in constant time by exploiting the properties of integral images. To measure the similarities between several structure tensors, we describe an approximation scheme which allows comparison in a Euclidean space. Such an approach is also much more efficient than the common, computationally demanding Riemannian Manifold distances. Experimental evaluation proves the applicability for the task of object tracking demonstrating improved performance compared to covariance tracking.
Atomic hydrogen spin-exchange collisions in a cryogenic maser (1993)

The results of an experiment in which the oscillation frequency of a cryogenic hydrogen (H) maser is studied as a function of the H density and the 1420-MHz resonator tuning are presented. The results are interpreted in terms of a theory which predicts that hyperfine interactions between colliding H atoms should include a frequency shift not predicted by classical spin-exchange theories. This effect has the potential to limit the ultimate frequency stability of H masers operating at cryogenic temperatures. The authors found qualitative agreement between the data and the magnitude of the predicted frequency shift. The sign of the effect which is observed however, is unmistakably opposite to that predicted by theory.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Inhibition of bombesin-stimulated gastrin release from isolated canine G cells by bombesin antagonists (1989)

This study investigated the effects of two putative bombesin antagonists, [D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,Leu11]substance P and [Leu13-psi-CH2NH-Leu14]bombesin, on bombesin-stimulated gastrin release from isolated canine G cells following short-term culture. Canine antral tissue was dispersed by sequential collagenase and EDTA treatment, and counterflow elutriation was used to enrich for G cells. Plates were seeded with 2 x 10(6) cells/mL in each well and cultured for 2 days prior to testing. Gastrin-containing and somatostatin-containing cells were identified by immunocytochemistry using the biotin-avidin-peroxidase method and accounted for 8.5 and 1%, respectively, of adhered cells. Basal gastrin secretion was 1.91 +/- 0.48% of total cell content. After a 2-h incubation period, bombesin (0.01-100 pM) stimulated gastrin release in a concentration-dependent fashion. The substance P analog, at a concentration of 1 microM, modestly inhibited bombesin-stimulated gastrin release from canine G cells. This analog also produced weak stimulation of basal gastrin release. In contrast, the bombesin analog, at a concentration of 1 microM, did not affect basal gastrin secretion. The bombesin analog completely blocked bombesin-stimulated gastrin release from 0.01 to 1 pM and produced greater than 50% inhibition at higher doses. The ability of the bombesin analog to directly inhibit bombesin-stimulated gastrin release from cultured canine G cells underscores its usefulness in studies involving the role of bombesin and its mammalian counterpart, gastrin-releasing peptide, in the control of gastrin cell function.
RPL properties of samarium-doped CaSO 4 (2021)

Abstract Radiophotoluminescence (RPL) properties of Sm-doped CaSO 4 for radiation dosimetry applications are reported. The samples with varying Sm concentrations are prepared via the solid-state reaction process. The as-prepared samples show photoluminescence due to typical 4f–f transitions of Sm 3+ whereas, after X-ray irradiation, additional emission features appear with a broad band peaking at 630 nm as well as a set of multiple sharp lines across 680–820 nm, which are attributed to the 5d–4f and 4f–4f transitions of Sm 2+ , respectively. Therefore, the RPL in the present material system relies on the generation of Sm 2+ centers. The sensitivity is about 3 times lower than that of Ag-doped phosphate glass, but no fading and build-up of signal are evident even immediately after the irradiation. The signal is reversible by heat-treatment at 500 °C, and is reproducible even after the thermal erasure, especially when the differential signal between pre- and post-irradiation is taken into account.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Practical Niobium(III) Reagent in Organic Synthesis. A Convenient Route to 2‐Amino Alcohols via the Coupling of Imines with Aldehydes or Ketones Promoted by NbCl3(DME). (1988)

Abstract The title reagent (III) which is prepared by the addition of NbCl 5 to a solution of tributyltin hydride in DME is an efficient reagent for promoting the coupling of imines such as (IV) with ketones, e.g. (V), or aldehydes, e.g. (VII), to give after hydrolysis aminoalcohols such as (VI) or (VIII).
Generating Canonical Example Sentences using Candidate Words (2003)

Situations where a spoken dialogue system cannot interpret a user’s utterance are a major source of frustration in humancomputer spoken dialogue. Current spoken dialogue systems generally respond with an unhelpful “I’m sorry, I didn’t understand,” or something similarly uninformative. Recent work on Targeted Help has shown that giving users more appropriate feedback makes systems easier to learn and improves performance. In particular, Targeted Help can give the user an appropriate within-domain example sentence to help the user more quickly learn the system’s lexical and grammatical coverage. This paper addresses the generation problem of how to find such an example sentence. We present and evaluate four algorithms for solving this generation problem: an Iterative-Deepening (ID) algorithm, an algorithm, a combined -ID algorithm, and an anytime algorithm.
Overall Efficiency Improvement of a Dual Active Bridge Converter Based on Triple Phase-Shift Control (2022)

This paper proposes a control scheme based on an optimal triple phase-shift (TPS) control for dual active bridge (DAB) DC–DC converters to achieve maximum efficiency. This is performed by analyzing, quantifying, and minimizing the total power losses, including the high-frequency transformer (HFT) and primary and secondary power modules of the DAB converter. To analyze the converter, three operating zones were defined according to low, medium, and rated power. To obtain the optimal TPS variables, two optimization techniques were utilized. In local optimization (LO), the offline particle swarm optimization (PSO) method was used, resulting in numerical optimums. This method was used for the low and medium power regions. The Lagrange multiplier (LM) was used for global optimization (GO), resulting in closed-form expressions for rated power. Detailed analyses and experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Additionally, obtained results are compared with the traditional single phase-shift (SPS) method, the optimized dual phase-shift (DPS) method, and TPS method with RMS current minimization to better highlight the performance of the proposed approach.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Descriptive Cohort Study (2015)

Background Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a severe extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objective To better characterize PG features and management among an IBD cohort. Methods Subjects with PG were identified using a large database at a tertiary center. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results Eighty patients with an episode(s) of PG were identified, yielding an overall prevalence of 1.9%. Overall, 93% of patients with PG had some degree of colonic inflammation. Thirty-one (39%) patients required hospitalization for PG. Underlying bowel disease was active at the time of PG episode(s) in 52 (65%) patients. The PG location was variable, with the lower extremity being the most common. Most patients (71.3%) required multiple therapies to achieve PG healing. Conclusions We describe one of the largest case series of PG among patients with IBD. The variety of treatment strategies used highlights the lack of clear guidelines in managing this complex group of patients.
Analysis and Simulations of Optical Rectification as a Source of Terahertz Radiation (2005)

Abstract : The second order nonlinearity present in many crystals can be utilized to convert optical radiation into THz radiation via the optical rectification mechanism. This process becomes efficient if a phase matching condition is satisfied. The short pulses used for optical rectification can be more intense than the longer pulses used for difference frequency generation because of the pulse length dependence of the crystal's damage threshold. However, optical rectification is more complicated than difference frequency generation because of the fact that the THz is broadband and group velocity dispersion cannot be neglected. Simulations show that conversion efficiencies of one percent can be obtained from optical rectification in a Gallium Selenide crystal, provided a means of coupling the radiation into and out of the crystal can be found. The saturation of the THz signal is due to frequency shifts in the laser pulse, which change the group velocity and spoil the phase matching. As part of the process, the laser pulse is dramatically compressed.
Chain‐Lengthening Difunctionalization of Grignard Compounds by Reaction with Ketenylidenetriphenylphosphorane (1985)

The α,β-unsaturated ketones of type 4, which are of interest in pheromone chemistry, were prepared, via 3, from the title compounds 1 and 2. The acylyides 3 can be transformed in a variety of ways.
Clinical significance of peripheral zone thickness in men with lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia (2015)

PZT is a novel, easy-to-measure prostate parameter that is significantly associated with urinary symptoms. Our present findings suggest that clinical usefulness of PZT should be further validated for managing men with LUTS/BPH.
Mammalian DNA Methyltransferase 1: Inspiration for New Directions (2004)

The role of DNA methyltransferase 1, DNMT1, in human cancer cells has recently been contested. In this setting, DNMT1's function as the sole maintenance methyltransferase was based on the assumption that its biological activity is identical to the mouse homologue. However, the application of recent technological advances, including gene targeting and siRNA mediated ablation studies, has cast doubt on this presumed role. Here, we attempt to shed light on these new data within the context of previous experiments.
High temperature homogenization improves impact toughness of vitamin E-diffused, irradiated UHMWPE (2016)

Diffusion of vitamin E into radiation cross-linked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is used to increase stability against oxidation of total joint implant components. The dispersion of vitamin E throughout implant preforms has been optimized by a two-step process of doping and homogenization. Both of these steps are performed below the peak melting point of the cross-linked polymer (<140°C) to avoid loss of crystallinity and strength. Recently, it was discovered that the exposure of UHMWPE to elevated temperatures, around 300°C, for a limited amount of time in nitrogen, could improve the toughness without sacrificing wear resistance. We hypothesized that high temperature homogenization of antioxidant-doped, radiation cross-linked UHMWPE could improve its toughness. We found that homogenization at 300°C for 8 h resulted in an increase in the impact toughness (74 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> compared to 67 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> ), the ultimate tensile strength (50 MPa compared to 43 MPa) and elongation at break (271% compared to 236%). The high temperature treatment did not compromise the wear resistance or the oxidative stability as measured by oxidation induction time. In addition, the desired homogeneity was achieved at a much shorter duration (8 h compared to >240 h) by using high temperature homogenization. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1343-1347, 2017.
Remote Health Monitoring for Older Adults and Those with Heart Failure: Adherence and System Usability (2015)

The findings indicate that a health monitoring system designed for older adults can and will be used for an extended period of time and may help older adults with chronic conditions reside longer in their own homes in partnership with the healthcare system.
Ring Finger Protein 43 as a New Target for Cancer Immunotherapy (2004)

We have performed genome-wide exploration by using cDNA microarray profiling, and successfully identified a new tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that can induce potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific to tumor cells. In our preceding study, we identified multiple new genes by using gene expression profiling with a genome-wide cDNA microarray containing 23,040 genes. Among them, we selected RNF43 (ring finger protein 43) as a promising candidate for a TAA expressed by colon cancer cells. In this study, we examined whether the RNF43 protein contains antigenic epitope peptides restricted to HLA-A*0201 or HLA-A*2402. The CTL clones were successfully induced with stimulation by using the peptides binding to HLA-A*0201 (ALWPWLLMA and ALWPWLLMAT) and HLA-A*2402 (NSQPVWLCL), and these CTL clones showed the cytotoxic activity specific to not only the peptide-pulsed targets but also the tumor cells expressing RNF43 and respective HLAs. Lytic activities mediated by two HLA-A2-restricted epitopes were marginal, whereas tumor lysis mediated by the HLA-A24 epitope was clearly better. These findings might be caused by the poor natural presentation of RNF43-11(IX) and RNF43-11(X) by tumors or poor T-cell receptor avidity for these specific epitopes. These results strongly suggest that RNF43 is a new TAA of colon cancer. Furthermore, these results also suggest that our strategy might be a promising one to efficiently discover clinically useful TAAs.
HandsFormer: Keypoint Transformer for Monocular 3D Pose Estimation ofHands and Object in Interaction (2021)

We propose a robust and accurate method for estimating the 3D poses of two hands in close interaction from a single color image. This is a very challenging problem, as large occlusions and many confusions between the joints may happen. Our method starts by extracting a set of potential 2D locations for the joints of both hands as extrema of a heatmap. We do not require that all locations correctly correspond to a joint, not that all the joints are detected. We use appearance and spatial encodings of these locations as input to a transformer, and leverage the attention mechanisms to sort out the correct configuration of the joints and output the 3D poses of both hands. Our approach thus allies the recognition power of a Transformer to the accuracy of heatmap-based methods. We also show it can be extended to estimate the 3D pose of an object manipulated by one or two hands. We evaluate our approach on the recent and challenging InterHand2.6M and HO-3D datasets. We obtain 17% improvement over the baseline. Moreover, we introduce the first dataset made of action sequences of two hands manipulating an object fully annotated in 3D and will make it publicly available.
Probing the Factors That Stabilize Mononuclear Rhodium(II) Bis(phosphine), η6-Arene Complexes with Piano-Stool Geometries (1997)

The synthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry of a series of Rh(I) bis(phosphine), η6-arene, piano-stool complexes are reported. The study reported herein elucidates several of the important factors which lead to the stabilization of Rh(II) in this coordination environment. From the electrochemical data for a series of complexes of the type [Rh(η2-dppe)(η6-C6H6-nXn)]BF4 (X = CH3, n = 0−6) (1−7) it was shown that the addition of methyl groups to the arene ligand kinetically stabilize the Rh(II) center and thermodynamically stabilize the Rh(II) species by 16 mV per added methyl group. Furthermore, complexes which contain chelation to the arene ligand, such as [Rh(η6:η1-Ph(CH2)3PPh2)(η1-Ph(CH2)3PPh2)]BF4 (12), kinetically stabilize the Rh(II) form, presumably from ligand substitution based decomposition reactions. The electrochemical studies of five isostructural and isoelectronic complexes, [Rh(η2-dppe)(η6-C6H5CH3)]BF4 (2), [Rh(η1-n-BuPPh2)2(η6-C6H5CH3)]BF4 (8), [Rh(η2-dppp)(η6-C6H5CH3)]BF4 (9), [Rh(η2-dppb)(η6-C6H5CH3)]BF4 (10), and 12 show that those complexes which contain bidentate, bis(phosphine) chelation with an ethyl or butyl bridge, 2 and 10, thermodynamically destabilize the Rh(II) form relative to those complexes which contain a less restricted bis(phosphine) chelate or no bis(phosphine) chelation. Using single-crystal X-ray data and extended Hückel calculations, these counterintuitive electrochemical trends were explained in terms of not only the properties of the Rh(I) complex but also, in terms of the structural changes which are likely to occur upon oxidation of the metal center from Rh(I) to Rh(II).
Applications of slow light to quantum information processing (2004)

The process of slowing a pulse of light using the EIT effect can be tailored to perform critical tasks in the field of quantum information processing. I will present the status of current efforts towards realizing a high-fidelity quantum memory unit, entanglement of a pair of macroscopic ensembles, and a few-photons optical switch using this approach. Full-text article is not available.
Exposing privacy concerns in mHealth (2011)

Mobile health (mHealth) sensing devices can help individuals work towards a healthier lifestyle or allow them to share the collected information with their doctor to diagnose health issues or manage a chronic disease. If these sensors are collecting personal health information while patients are at home or at their workplace, the sensors might record other sensitive information – like the location of their home, when they leave for work, or who they interact with – information that may in some cases be misused. Patients may be concerned about where that information is stored or who has access to it. In this paper, we refer to the users of an mHealth device as Patients, whether they use it for disease management or for personal wellness applications, and we refer to the recipient of the shared information as a consumer. We conducted several exploratory focus groups to understand what privacy concerns Patients might have with the collection, storage and sharing of their personal health information, when using mHealth devices. We found that Patients want control over their health information, and we noticed privacy trends that were particular to Patients in the same age group and with similar health experiences.