gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Polymer-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems As Improvement for the Hardwood Alkaline Pulping Process (2002)

The application of polymer-based aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) to the alkaline paper pulping process is reported. ABSs composed of polymers and pulping solution (a mixture of NaOH, Na2S, and Na2CO3) have been characterized. The partitioning behaviors of several model lignin species have been studied in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)/pulping solution ABSs over a considerable range of temperatures. Polymer-based pulping experiments containing PEG and polyethylenimine (PEI) performed at different temperatures (130−160 °C) indicate that the addition of polymer has a significant effect on the delignification of hardwood. Samples of hardwood chips treated with PEG resulted in a lower kappa number and lower consumption of alkali than those treated with PEI. Polymer-based pulping of hardwood exhibited remarkably faster delignification and 30−60% lower residual lignin content of pulps compared to the control alkali pulping process. At comparable kappa numbers, a 10−20% gain in pulp yield was obtained as a result of the increased selectivity.
Ag(i) complexes with alkylidene-bis(2-aminopyrimidines) as building units for discrete metallomacrocyclic frames. A structural and solution study (2005)

Alkylidene-bis(2-aminopyrimidines) (pyr2Cx, x = 2-5) are useful ligands to interact with Ag(I) yielding discrete metallocycles. Crystal structures of the [(pyr2C2)Ag(NO3)]2 and [(H-pyr2C4)Ag(NO3)2]2 have been isolated where each macrocyclic moiety interacts with their surroundings through weak interactions, yielding 3D discrete structures, On the other hand, the solution study shows that the equilibrium constants for the formation of Ag(pyr2Cx)+ complexes are higher than the literature values for Ag(I) complexes with single pyrimidines, although the differences could be explained by invoking the solid-state structures of the Ag(I)-pyr2Cx complexes.
Design of a 100 kW Concentrated Solar Power on Demand Volumetric Receiver With Integral Thermal Energy Storage Prototype (2015)

A new concept of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system based on current available technologies is being developed under the framework of the Masdar Institute (MI) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) collaborative Flagship Program. The key feature of this concept lies on concentrating sun light directly on the molten salt storage tank, avoiding the necessity of pumping the salts to the top of a tower thereby avoiding thermal losses and pumping and electric tracing needs inherent in most conventional CSP plants. This Concentrated Solar Power on Demand (CSPonD) volumetric receiver/TES unit prototype will be tested in the existing MI heliostat field and beam down tower in Abu Dhabi (UAE) which will collect and redirect solar energy to an upwards-facing final optical element (FOE). These energy will be concentrated on the aperture of the prototype designed to store 400 kWh of energy allowing 16 hours of continuous production after sunset using Solar Salt (60%NaNO3 + 40%KNO3) as storage material. The tank is divided in two volumes: one cold in the bottom region, where Solar Salt is at 250 °C and another hot on the upper region, at 550 °C. A moving divider plate with active control separates both volumes. The plate includes mixing enhancement features to help with convection on the hot volume of salts. It’s expected that results will demonstrate the technical feasibility and economic viability of this concept allowing its scale up at commercial size.
EFFECTS OF ADVERSE PRESSURE GRADIENT ON A TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER (2007)

Direct numerical simulations were performed to investigate the physics of turbulent boundary layer flows subjected to adverse pressure gradient. A fully implicit fractional step method was employed to simulate the flows. To avoid generating an inflow with adverse pressure gradient, the sufficient streamwise length was placed from the inlet to the sudden change of free-stream velocity. The spatially-developing characteristics of turbulent boundary layer with adverse pressure gradient were examined. The present results were in good agreement with previous experimental ones. The visualization results showed that the adverse pressure gradient weakens the vortical structures. This causes a reduction in turbulence intensity near the wall.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Protection of Thiols and Cysteine. Part 1. The Allyloxycarbonylaminomethyl Group. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recursive prediction error identification and scaling of non-linear systems with midpoint numerical integration (2010)

A new recursive prediction error algorithm (RPEM) based on a non-linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of black-box state space form is presented. The selected model is discretised by a midpoint integration algorithm and compared to an Euler forward algorithm. When the algorithm is applied, scaling of the sampling time is used to improve performance further. This affects the state vector, the parameter vector and the Hessian. This impact is analysed and described in three Theorems. Numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical results obtained.
Coronary stent CD31-mimetic coating favours endothelialization and reduces local inflammation and neointimal development in vivo (2021)

CD31-mimetic coating favours vascular homeostasis and arterial wall healing, preventing in-stent stenosis and thrombosis. Hence, such coatings seem to improve the metal stent biocompatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Organolithium Addition to Aldehyde Dimethylhydrazones: A Highly Diastereocontrolled Synthesis of Threo 2‐Amino Alcohols and (1R,2R)‐(‐)‐Norpseudoephedrine. (1987)

Abstract Treatment of dimethylhydrazones (I), (V) or (IX) with organolithium reagents generally results in the stereoselective formation of threo adducts (III), (VII) or, with subsequent hydrolysis, (XI).
The Vulvodynia Experience Questionnaire: Qualitative Development of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Vulvodynia (2020)

The VEQ is a novel method of collecting information on localized vulvodynia symptoms and impacts that may be suitable for use in clinical trials after psychometric testing. Goldstein AT, Diez PMQ, Kapanadze S, et al. The Vulvodynia Experience Questionnaire: Qualitative Development of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Vulvodynia. J Sex Med 2020;17:2055-2066.
Preface (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceRICHARD D. NOBLERICHARD D. NOBLENational Bureau of Standards Center for Chemical Engineering Boulder, CO 80303More by RICHARD D. NOBLE and J. DOUGLAS WAYJ. DOUGLAS WAYSRI International Chemical Engineering Laboratory Menlo Park, CA 94025More by J. DOUGLAS WAYDOI: 10.1021/bk-1987-0347.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):July 24, 1987Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 24 July 1987Request reuse permissions Copyright © 1987 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Liquid Membranesp ixACS Symposium SeriesVol. 347ISBN13: 9780841214071eISBN: 9780841211902Chapter Views112Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (154 KB) Get e-Alerts
Development of an Efficient Targeted Cell-SELEX Procedure for DNA Aptamer Reagents (2013)

Here we describe a novel procedure for the efficient generation of DNA aptamers that bind to specific cell membrane proteins and can be used as high affinity reagents. We have named the procedure STACS (Specific TArget Cell-SELEX).
Time-series forecasting of pollutant concentration levels using particle swarm optimization and artificial neural networks (2013)

This study evaluates the application of an intelligent hybrid system for time-series forecasting of atmospheric pollutant concentration levels. The proposed method consists of an artificial neural network combined with a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The method not only searches relevant time lags for the correct characterization of the time series, but also determines the best neural network architecture. An experimental analysis is performed using four real time series and the results are shown in terms of six performance measures. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methodology achieves a fair prediction of the presented pollutant time series by using compact networks.
In situ assessment of the permeability tensor of homogeneous anisotropic sedimentary rocks (2016)

International audience
Longitudinal functional principal component analysis (2010)

We introduce models for the analysis of functional data observed at multiple time points. The dynamic behavior of functional data is decomposed into a time-dependent population average, baseline (or static) subject-specific variability, longitudinal (or dynamic) subject-specific variability, subject-visit-specific variability and measurement error. The model can be viewed as the functional analog of the classical longitudinal mixed effects model where random effects are replaced by random processes. Methods have wide applicability and are computationally feasible for moderate and large data sets. Computational feasibility is assured by using principal component bases for the functional processes. The methodology is motivated by and applied to a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study designed to analyze differences and changes in brain connectivity in healthy volunteers and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. An R implementation is provided.87.
Nutarniq: Uniting the Arctic Community with a Wireless Arctic Network for Circumpolar Communications (2005)

This paper provides a summary of the current state of telecommunications for eight Arctic nations and a common vision for a Wireless Arctic Network to unite the Arctic Circumpolar Community. It presents detailed requirements based on the North
Stable 20 W/mm AlGaN-GaN MOSHFET (2005)

The first stable operation (&gt;100 h) of a AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide semiconductor heterostructure field effect transistor (MOSHFET) at very high RF power levels (∼20 W/mm at 2 GHz and 55 V drain bias) is reported. These record values are attributed to a current collapse-free performance resulting from using a field-plate over a leaky dielectric, and to the low forward gate currents owing to the MOS-design.
Axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer cases (2019)

Whole slide imaging of 396 full cases of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer cases. Included are both sentinel node surgery and axillary resections pre, peri or post breast cancer surgery or treatment. Sentinel node cases are cut in three levels (stained with HE) and one additional slide immunohistochemically stained with CKAE1/AE3. The number of sentinel node cases with complete immunohistochemical staining is 321. The axillary resections are cut with one cut level as default. No frozen sections included. The cases are anonymised and exported from the digital archive at the Department of Clinical Pathology in Linköping, Region Östergötland. Included are both positive and negative cases.
Techniques to Acquire Spectral CT Data (2013)

There are several ways to acquire CT data with spectral information. Today's medical CT systems are typically equipped with solid state detectors. A scintillation crystal absorbs the x rays and converts them into visible light, which is then detected by an attached Si photodiode. These detectors integrate the x-ray flux over a certain period of time (the reading time), with a weighting factor proportional to the energy of the absorbed x-ray quanta. As a consequence, the detectors do not provide energy resolution, and the use of different x-ray spectra is needed to acquire spectral CT data. In CT, different x-ray spectra can be realized by using different kV settings of the x-ray tube. In a standard CT system, the kV setting of the x-ray tube can be changed either between different CT scans (slow kV switching), or more rapidly, ideally, between the different projections of a CT scan (fast kV switching). An alternative is the use of DSCT systems with two x-ray tubes and two corresponding detectors offset by about 90 deg. These systems have the potential to acquire dual-energy data by operating both x-ray tubes at different kV settings. Energy-resolving detectors enable the acquisition of spectral CT data with a single polychromatic x-ray spectrum. Pertinent examples are dual-layer detectors consisting of two conventional scintillation detectors on top of each other, and direct converting photon-counting detectors. So far, only prototype CT systems relying on both detector technologies have been realized. However, in particular, photon-counting detectors are a promising technology for future CT systems. In this chapter we will discuss the different technologies for acquiring spectrally resolved CT data.
Vaporization Exchange Model for Water Distribution and Fluxes in the Cathode Catalyst Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (2010)

Abstract not Available.
A Novel Approach to Reduce the Impact of Physical Layer Restrictions in Dynamically Switched Transparent Optical Networks (2016)

The dynamic switching of channels to adapt the capacity to the actually occurring traffic load is a promising method to improve the energy efficiency in optical networks. However, this approach is limited by the possible generation of optical power transients, which are able to disturb the transmission of the remaining channels. In transparent networks, spreading of transients can occur across several nodes. In this paper, we demonstrate the restrictions of the dynamic channel switching by the consideration of optical power transients and shows how to minimize these limitations.
Towards speech as a knowledge resource (2001)

Speech is a tantalizing mode of human communication. On the one hand, humans understand speech with ease and use speech to express complex ideas, information, and knowledge. On the other hand, automatic speech recognition with computers is still very hard, and extracting knowledge from speech is even harder. In this paper we motivate the study of speech as a knowledge resource and briefly survey a family of related applications and systems being developed at IBM Research aimed towards the goal of exploiting speech as a knowledge resource.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Furo(2,3‐b)pyridines via the Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling of Acetylenes to Iodopyridones. Preparation of a Key Intermediate to a New HIV Protease Inhibitor L‐754, 394. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Properties and Function of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament: A Systematic Review (2019)

A lack of knowledge regarding the morphology and attachment sites of the MPFL remains. The reported mechanical properties also lack consistency, thus requiring further investigations. However, the results regarding patellar tracking confirm that the lack of an MPFL leads to lateralization of the patella, followed by delayed engagement of the trochlear groove, plausibly leading to an increased risk of patellar dislocations. The observed isometric behavior up to 60° of knee flexion plausibly suggests that reconstruction of the ligament can occur at flexion angles below 60°, including the 30° and 60° range as recommended in previous studies.
Myocardial infarction alters myofilament calcium sensitivity and mechanical behavior of myocytes (1997)

To determine whether myocardial infarction leads to alterations in myofilament isometric tension as a function of Ca2+ concentration, unloaded shortening velocity, and sarcomere compliance, these properties were examined in skinned myocytes 7 days after coronary artery occlusion. Changes in myofilament proteins were also evaluated Myocardial infarction was characterized by a 10-15% reduction in myofilament isometric tension at submaximum Ca2+ levels in the physiological range. However, developed tension at maximum activation was unaltered. Conversely, unloaded shortening velocity was decreased by 31% in the remaining viable cells, whereas resting tension was increased by 30-40%. The regulatory protein troponin I content was reduced, but phosphorylation of troponin I and troponin T was increased. Myosin isoenzymes and troponin T contents were not altered. In conclusion, molecular responses occurred acutely after myocardial infarction, and these adaptations may depress the mechanical behavior of the unaffected cells, contributing to acute impairment in global cardiac pump function beyond that resulting from myocyte loss.
Nanostructured superhydrophobic silk fabric fabricated using the ion beam method (2014)

The superhydrophobic silk fabric, having hierarchical nanostructures and hydrophobic film on the surface, repelled all kinds of liquid droplets: grape juice (purple), water droplet (dyed violet), coffee (brown) and milk (white), while the pristine silk fabric absorbed all.
Lyophilized Cadaver Dura Mater for Primary Repair of Myelomeningoceles (1985)

The authors have used lyophilized dura mater for primary repair of five large myelomeningoceles. Their preliminary experience suggests that lyophilized dura can be used safely in myelodysplastic neonates. Furthermore, the use of lyophilized dura simplifies significantly the surgical repair of myelomeningoceles.
Fabrication of Palladium Nanoparticles on Porous Aromatic Frameworks as a Sensing Platform to Detect Vanillin (2016)

Here, we report the fabrication of palladium nanoparticles on porous aromatic frameworks (Pd/PAF-6) using a facile chemical approach, which was characterized by various spectro- and electrochemical techniques. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response of Pd/PAF-6 toward the vanillin (VA) sensor shows a linear relationship over concentrations (10-820 pM) and a low detection limit (2 pM). Pd/PAF-6 also exhibited good anti-interference performance toward 2-fold excess of ascorbic acid, nitrophenol, glutathione, glucose, uric acid, dopamine, ascorbic acid, 4-nitrophenol, glutathione, glucose, uric acid, dopamine, and 100-fold excess of Na(+), Mg(2+), and K(+) during the detection of VA. The developed electrochemical sensor based on Pd/PAF-6 had good reproducibility, as well as high selectivity and stability. The established sensor revealed that Pd/PAF-6 could be used to detect VA in biscuit and ice cream samples with satisfactory results.
Synthesis of Aluminosilicate and Gallosilicate Zeolites via a Charge Density Mismatch Approach and Their Characterization (2011)

Aluminosilicate and gallosilicate zeolite syntheses via a charge density mismatch (CDM) approach are compared at intermediate-silica compositions (Si/Me = 5-16, where Me is Al or Ga). With a variation of the crystallization temperature and of the type and/or concentration of alkali metal ions added as a crystallization structure-directing agent (SDA) to tetraethylammonium-tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium-hexamethonium, and strontium-choline mixed-SDA systems, we were able to obtain 11 different zeolite structures. However, only 5 out of a total 40 pairs of aluminosilicate and gallosilicate synthesis runs at otherwise identical chemical compositions were found to give the same zeolite product with no detectable impurities, suggesting that the structure-directing ability of Ga is quite different from that of Al even in intermediate-silica synthesis conditions. The CDM approach to offretite synthesis led to hexagonal plate-like crystals with aspect ratios lower than 0.3, and UZM-22 exhibited no significant preference of Al substitution for particular tetrahedral sites, especially for site T1, unlike its framework type material ZSM-18. More interestingly, the EU-1 zeolite obtained from an aluminosilicate synthesis mixture containing Li(+) as an inorganic crystallization SDA in the tetraethylammonium-hexamethonium double-organic additive system has been characterized to locate about half of its Li(+) ions in the framework, while the Li distribution over the 10 topologically different tetrahedral sites is nonrandom in nature.
Simulation and Experimental study on IMS (Injection Molded Solder) bumping with expanded resist patterning for reinforcement of fine-pitch capability (2020)

Abstract Injection Molded Solder (IMS) process has been developed as one of the advanced micro-bumps forming techniques. This paper presents a novel IMS process utilizing a double-layer resist patterning with expanded opening for the reduction of required injection pressure. It consists of upper resist layer with larger opening diameter than lower resist opening. With this configuration, necessary injection pressure is adjusted to upper resist size, while lower layer determines the position and the size of fabricated bump. Furthermore, two different types of resist opening shape, an isolated opening and connected opening are proposed and evaluated in this study from both simulation and experimental perspective. For simulation, CFD analysis is performed to demonstrate the behavior of liquid molten solder flow and its bump forming process. It is revealed that solder bump was successfully formed in accordance with theoretical bump size in both designs. However, the result indicates that insufficient non-wetting property of resist material could lead solder bridging between adjacent bumps in connected design. Experiment is also conducted using the novel resist structure with the dimension correlated to the simulation model which has lower resist diameter of 10 μm, upper resist diameter of 15 μm, and the pitch of 20 μm. IMS is operated and it is confirmed that the uniform bumps can be favorably formed without any defects.
Bulk ac erase technique for perpendicular recording media: effect of exchange coupling (2005)

In this work, we discuss a method of ac-erasing an entire disk using permanent magnets and compare the resulting magnetic states of perpendicular media with different levels of intergranular exchange. Co-Cr-Pt-O alloy media were prepared by reactive sputtering.