gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The investigation of the mass-loading influence on the electrical parameters of AT-cut GaPO 4 resonators (2006)

The results of the experimental investigations of the mass-loading effect and the influence of the thermal treatment and of the crystal plates finishing degree on the electrical parameters of AT-cut GaPO 4 resonators are presented. A comparison of these results with the results obtained previously for AT-cut quartz and Y-cut langasite resonators is performed. The conclusion of this study is that the mass-loading influence on the AT-cut GaPO 4 resonator characteristics is much smaller than that of the AT-cut quartz resonators, being almost the same as that of Y-cut langasite resonators.
Design, Simulation, Fabrication and Testing of Flexible Bow-Tie Antennas (2011)

Design, simulation, fabrication and measurement of two different novel flexible bow-tie antennas, a conventional and a modified bow-tie antenna with reduced metallization, are reported in this paper. The antennas are mounted on a flexible substrate fabricated at the Flexible Display Center (FDC) of Arizona State University (ASU). The substrate is heat stabilized polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) which allows the antennas to be flexible. The antennas are fed by a microstrip-to-coplanar feed network balun. The reduction of the metallization is based on the observation that the majority of the current density is confined towards the edges of the regular bow-tie antenna. Hence, the centers of the triangular parts of the conventional bow-tie antenna are removed without compromising significantly its performance. The return losses and radiation patterns of the antennas are simulated with HFSS and the results are compared with measurements, for bow-tie elements mounted on flat and curved surfaces. The comparisons show that there is an excellent agreement between the simulations and measurements for both cases. Furthermore, the radiation performance of the modified bow-tie antenna is verified, by simulations and measurements, to be very close to the conventional bow-tie.
Identification and Characterization of MortaparibPlus—A Novel Triazole Derivative That Targets Mortalin-p53 Interaction and Inhibits Cancer-Cell Proliferation by Wild-Type p53-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms (2021)

p53 has an essential role in suppressing the carcinogenesis process by inducing cell cycle arrest/apoptosis/senescence. Mortalin/GRP75 is a member of the Hsp70 protein family that binds to p53 causing its sequestration in the cell cytoplasm. Hence, p53 cannot translocate to the nucleus to execute its canonical tumour suppression function as a transcription factor. Abrogation of mortalin-p53 interaction and subsequent reactivation of p53's tumour suppression function has been anticipated as a possible approach in developing a novel cancer therapeutic drug candidate. A chemical library was screened in a high-content screening system to identify potential mortalin-p53 interaction disruptors. By four rounds of visual assays for mortalin and p53, we identified a novel synthetic small-molecule triazole derivative (4-[(1E)-2-(2-phenylindol-3-yl)-1-azavinyl]-1,2,4-triazole, henceforth named Mortaparib<sup>Plus</sup>). Its activities were validated using multiple bioinformatics and experimental approaches in colorectal cancer cells possessing either wild-type (HCT116) or mutant (DLD-1) p53. Bioinformatics and computational analyses predicted the ability of Mortaparib<sup>Plus</sup> to competitively prevent the interaction of mortalin with p53 as it interacted with the p53 binding site of mortalin. Immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated the abrogation of mortalin-p53 complex formation in Mortaparib<sup>Plus</sup>-treated cells that showed growth arrest and apoptosis mediated by activation of p21<sup>WAF1</sup>, or BAX and PUMA signalling, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Mortaparib<sup>Plus</sup>-induced cytotoxicity to cancer cells is mediated by multiple mechanisms that included the inhibition of PARP1, up-regulation of p73, and also the down-regulation of mortalin and CARF proteins that play critical roles in carcinogenesis. Mortaparib<sup>Plus</sup> is a novel multimodal candidate anticancer drug that warrants further experimental and clinical attention.
An In Vitro Model of T Cell Activation by Autologous Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-Infected Human Adult Endothelial Cells: Contribution of CMV-Enhanced Endothelial ICAM-1 (1998)

Cellular immunity is strongly implicated in control of CMV disease; however, many mechanistic details remain unresolved. We previously demonstrated T cell activation responses to CMV-infected allogeneic endothelial cells (EC), suggesting EC as a mediator of CMV response in the transplant recipient. We now test the hypothesis that CMV-specific T cell responses can be directly stimulated by infected EC in an environment free of potentially confounding allogeneic factors. By isolating splenic T cells and gonadal vein endothelial cells (GVEC) from individual cadaveric organ donors, we have developed an in vitro model of T cell interaction with autologous CMV-infected EC. Proliferation assays demonstrated significantly enhanced responses by CMV-seropositive donor-derived T cells cocultured with CMV-infected GVEC, as compared with those elicited by uninfected cells. Similarly, as determined by limiting dilution analysis of IL-2-producing cells, T cell response frequencies to infected GVEC were significantly greater than to uninfected EC. In contrast, responses of CMV-seronegative donor-derived T cells were minimal, regardless of CMV status of stimulator GVEC. Intriguingly, CD4 responses were observed in spite of the fact that CMV-infected EC express no HLA class II. Finally, attenuation of CMV-stimulated T cell proliferation observed in the presence of blocking Ab specific for ICAM-1 suggests a contributing role for CMV-enhanced endothelial ICAM-1 expression in the activation response. These studies demonstrate that EC can stimulate autologous T cell responses to CMV in the absence of accessory APC and suggest potentially novel mechanisms of immune activation.
Versatile Functionalization of Nanoelectrodes by Oligonucleotides via Pyrrole Electrochemistry (2010)

Surface modification at the nanometer scale is a challenge for the future of molecular electronics. In particular, the precise anchoring and electrical addressing of biological scaffolds such as complex DNA nanonetworks is of importance for generating bio-directed assemblies of nano-objects for nanocircuit purposes. Herein, we consider the individual modification of nanoelectrodes with different oligonucleotide sequences by an electrochemically driven co-polymerization process of pyrrole and modified oligonucleotide sequences bearing pyrrole monomers. We demonstrate that this one-step technique presents the advantages of simplicity, localization of surface modification, mechanical, biological and chemical stability of the coatings, and high lateral resolution.
Controlling Light Polarization from Helical Travelling-Wave Nanoantennas (2019)

Light polarization is a key factor of modern photonics. Tailoring surface plasmons (SPs) in anisotropically-shaped metallic nanostructures introduces the prospect of polarization control at small scale [1]. However, the resulting components remain much larger than the wavelength of light. Here, we present a travelling-wave helical plasmonic antenna (TW-HPA) that overcomes this limit [2]. Due to its non-resonant nature, it differs from existing helical plasmonic structures [3-5], thus extending the concept of travelling-wave helical antenna [6] to optics.
Double‐Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell with a Non‐Platinum‐Group Metal Fe–N–C Cathode Catalyst (2015)

Non-Pt-group metal (non-PGM) materials based on transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) and derived from iron salt and aminoantipyrine (Fe-AAPyr) of mebendazole (Fe-MBZ) were studied for the first time as cathode catalysts in double-chamber microbial fuel cells (DCMFCs). The pH value of the cathode chamber was varied from 6 to 11 to elucidate the activity of those catalysts in acidic to basic conditions. The Fe-AAPyr- and Fe-MBZ-based cathodes were compared to a Pt-based cathode used as a baseline. Pt cathodes performed better at pH 6-7.5 and had similar performances at pH 9 and a substantially lower performance at pH 11 at which Fe-AAPyr and Fe-MBZ demonstrated their best electrocatalytic activity. The power density achieved with Pt constantly decreased from 94-99 μW cm(-2) at pH 6 to 55-57 μW cm(-2) at pH 11. In contrast, the power densities of DCMFs using Fe-AAPyr and Fe-MBZ were 61-68 μW cm(-2) at pH 6, decreased to 51-58 μW cm(-2) at pH 7.5, increased to 65-75 μW cm(-2) at pH 9, and the highest power density was achieved at pH 11 (68-80 μW cm(-2) ). Non-PGM cathode catalysts can be manufactured at the fraction of the cost of the Pt-based ones. The higher performance and lower cost indicates that non-PGM catalysts may be a viable materials choice in large-scale microbial fuel cells.
Density functional theory based calculation of small-polaron mobility in hematite (2014)

The mobility of electron small polarons in hematite, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-${\text{Fe}}_{2}$${\text{O}}_{3}$, is calculated by density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation including Hubbard $U$ corrections. Our work goes beyond previous computational investigations of this system by computing both the prefactor and activation energies for adiabatic polaron transport. The results obtained using a Hubbard $U$ value of 4.3 eV yield a calculated value of the room-temperature basal plane mobility of 0.009 S*${\text{cm}}^{2}$/s, which compares to within an order of magnitude with experimental measurements. Further, the values of the electronic-coupling parameter in the Marcus theory for small-polaron transport are estimated from DFT$\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}+\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}U$ calculations of the defect energy levels in the stable and saddle-point configurations. Our results predict an adiabatic polaron transfer, in good agreement with previous wave function based calculations.
Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in patients undergoing left atrial appendage closure (2021)

In this study assessing racial/ethnic disparities in patients undergoing LAAC, minorities are under-represented, specifically patients of black race/ethnicity. Compared with whites, black patients had higher comorbidity burden and higher rates of in-hospital complications. Lower socioeconomic status was not associated with complication rates.
Embedded Imagers: Detecting, Localizing, and Recognizing Objects and Events in Natural Habitats (2010)

Imaging sensors, or “imagers,” embedded in the natural environment enable remote collection of large quantities of data, thus easing the design and deployment of sensing systems in a variety of application domains. Yet, the data collected from such imagers are difficult to interpret due to a variety of “nuisance factors” in the data formation process, such as illumination, vantage point, partial occlusions, etc. These are especially severe in natural environments, where the objects of interest (e.g., plants, animals) have evolved to blend with their habitat, exhibit complex variability in shape and appearance, and perform rapid motions against dynamic backgrounds with rapid illumination changes. We describe three applications that exemplify these problems and the solutions we developed. First, we show how temporal oversampling can simplify the analysis of a slow process such as the avian nesting cycle. Then, we show how to overcome temporal undersampling in order to detect birds at a feeder station. Finally, we show how to exploit temporal consistency to reliably detect pollinators as they visit flowers in the field.
Tiled-aperture coherent beam combining using optical phase-lock loops (2008)

Novel tiled-aperture coherent beam combining architectures using heterodyne optical phase-lock loops (OPLLs) are demonstrated. Two 50 mW off-the-shelf commercial DFB lasers are combined with a Strehl ratio of 0.87. The use of OPLLs for the active phase control eliminates the expensive and bulky optical phase or frequency shifters and enables compact phase-controlled apertures for beam steering.
Searches for 25 rare and forbidden decays of $D^+$ and $D_s^+$ mesons (2020)

Abstract: A search is performed for rare and forbidden charm decays of the form Ds+→h±ℓ+ℓ′∓, where h± is a pion or kaon and ℓ(′)± is an electron or muon. The measurements are performed using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment in 2016. No evidence is observed for the 25 decay modes that are investigated and 90 % confidence level limits on the branching fractions are set between 1.4 × 10−8 and 6.4 × 10−6. In most cases, these results represent an improvement on existing limits by one to two orders of magnitude.
Out-Of-Distribution Detection With Subspace Techniques And Probabilistic\n Modeling Of Features (2020)

This paper presents a principled approach for detecting out-of-distribution\n(OOD) samples in deep neural networks (DNN). Modeling probability distributions\non deep features has recently emerged as an effective, yet computationally\ncheap method to detect OOD samples in DNN. However, the features produced by a\nDNN at any given layer do not fully occupy the corresponding high-dimensional\nfeature space. We apply linear statistical dimensionality reduction techniques\nand nonlinear manifold-learning techniques on the high-dimensional features in\norder to capture the true subspace spanned by the features. We hypothesize that\nsuch lower-dimensional feature embeddings can mitigate the curse of\ndimensionality, and enhance any feature-based method for more efficient and\neffective performance. In the context of uncertainty estimation and OOD, we\nshow that the log-likelihood score obtained from the distributions learnt on\nthis lower-dimensional subspace is more discriminative for OOD detection. We\nalso show that the feature reconstruction error, which is the $L_2$-norm of the\ndifference between the original feature and the pre-image of its embedding, is\nhighly effective for OOD detection and in some cases superior to the\nlog-likelihood scores. The benefits of our approach are demonstrated on image\nfeatures by detecting OOD images, using popular DNN architectures on commonly\nused image datasets such as CIFAR10, CIFAR100, and SVHN.\n
Melting and recrystallization behaviour of PVCH-PE-PVCH triblock copolymer in supercritical CO 2 (2006)

The melting and recrystallization behaviour of poly(vinylcyclohexane)-b-poly(ethylene)-b-poly(vinylcyclohexane)(PVCH-PE-PVCH) triblock copolymer in supercritical carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) was investigated by(using) of DSC.The effect of the rate of the depressurization of CO_(2) on the crystallization of the samples was also examined.It is found that there are three melting peaks on each DSC curve of the samples treated in supericritical CO_(2) at the temperature above t_(m) of the untreated PVCH-PE-PVCH.They corresponded to the hard confined crystallization of PE blocks homogeneous nucleation,the soft confined crystallization of PE blocks homogeneous nucleation and the self-seeding nucleation free crystallization of PE blocks respectively.Furthermore,these three kinds of crystallization could be controlled by changing the competition between the crystallization of PE block and the vitrifaction of PVCH block in the samples,which depended on the rate of the depressurization of CO_(2).
Optical and x-ray characterization of two novel CMOS image sensors (2007)

A UK consortium (MI3) has been founded to develop advanced CMOS pixel designs for scientific applications. Vanilla, a 520x520 array of 25&mgr;m pixels benefits from flushed reset circuitry for low noise and random pixel access for region of interest (ROI) readout. OPIC, a 64x72 test structure array of 30&mgr;m digital pixels has thresholding capabilities for sparse readout at 3,700fps. Characterization is performed with both optical illumination and x-ray exposure via a scintillator. Vanilla exhibits 34±3e<sup>-</sup> read noise, interactive quantum efficiency of 54% at 500nm and can read a 6x6 ROI at 24,395fps. OPIC has 46±3e<sup>-</sup> read noise and a wide dynamic range of 65dB due to high full well capacity. Based on these characterization studies, Vanilla could be utilized in applications where demands include high spectral response and high speed region of interest readout while OPIC could be used for high speed, high dynamic range imaging.
Propagation and superposition of light pulses in a dye medium (1976)

We have developed a self-consistent description, based on the semiclassical radiation theory of the propagation of a light pulse in a dye medium. The multilevel nature of the energy bands of a dye molecule and the solvent cage effect in a solution are taken into account. In the case of light pulses whose duration is much shorter than the solvent-solute relaxation time but much longer than the time of atomic phase memory, the latter being of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ sec for dyes, we solve the coupled system of equations for the field and the medium by the perturbation procedure. The hole-burning effect is incorporated into the solution in a natural manner. This is especially clear in the direct transition approximation where all the intermediate transitions are neglected. A recent idea of pulse superposition, consisting in storing the energy of a pulse in the form of population inversion followed by stimulated emission triggered by another pulse, is further discussed. Contrary to the orginal model developed by one of us (S.L.C.), we show that no cw pumping is required. The feasibility of the pulse superposition is supported by some experimental results obtained by sending a train of 10-psec pulses through a glycerine solution of oxazine 1 perchlorate.
Trajectories of clinical and laboratory characteristics associated with COVID ‐19 in hemodialysis patients by survival (2021)

We observed unique temporal trends in various clinical and laboratory parameters among HD patients who tested positive versus negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection and those who survived the infection versus those who died. These trends can help to define the physiological disturbances that characterize the onset and course of COVID-19 in HD patients.
Distributed Transmit Beamforming Using Feedback Control (2010)

The concept of distributed transmit beamforming is implicit in many key results of network information theory. However, its implementation in a wireless network involves the fundamental challenge of ensuring phase coherence of the radio frequency signals from the different transmitters in the presence of unknown phase offsets between the transmitters and unknown channel gains from the transmitters to the receiver. In this paper, it is shown that such phase alignment can be achieved using distributed adaptation by the transmitters with minimal feedback from the receiver. Specifically, each transmitter independently makes a small random adjustment to its phase at each iteration, while the receiver broadcasts a single bit of feedback, indicating whether the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improved or worsened after the current iteration. The transmitters keep the ¿good¿ phase adjustments and discard the ¿bad¿ ones, thus implementing a distributed ascent algorithm. It is shown that, for a broad class of distributions for the random phase adjustments, this procedure leads to asymptotic phase coherence with probability one. A simple analytical model, borrowing ideas from statistical mechanics, is used to characterize the progress of the algorithm, and to provide guidance on parameter choices. This analytical model is based on a conjecture on the distribution of the received phases when the number of transmitters becomes large. Finally, the proposed system is shown to be scalable: the random phase perturbations can be chosen such that the convergence time is linear in the number of collaborating nodes.
Regenerative medicine: enabling technologies for clinical translation (2008)

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has emerged as an innovative scientific field that focuses on development of new approaches to repairing cells, tissues and organs for clinical applications. Recent advances in this field have offered new therapeutic opportunities that facilitate the restoration and maintenance of normal tissue function. Consistent with the goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, we have followed a strategy that has shown to be effective clinically. This approach involves the use of biocompatible matrices either with or without cells. The matrices are either used as cell delivery vehicles or as scaffolds to promote and enhance tissue regeneration. When cells are used, donor tissue is dissociated into individual cells, which are expanded in culture, attached to a support matrix, and reimplanted into recipient for recovery of tissue function. Over the past years, research investigations have been actively pursued in various tissue systems using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine concepts and technologies. Although these tissues have shown their potential applicability experimentally, only a limited number of tissues have been successfully engineered for clinical use to date. This is due to various obstacles encountered in the tissue building process. The progress toward clinical translation, current challenges hampering organ development and potential solutions to overcome technical hurdles will be discussed.
Application of Directed Relational Graph to Air Plasma Chemistry During Plasma Relaxation (2021)

Computations involving air plasma chemistry are often confronted with the necessity to deal with a large number of chemical species and reactions. In this article, an algorithm is demonstrated, which efficiently identifies and eliminates unimportant species and reactions, which can lead to a computational speedup of up to an order of magnitude. The proposed reduction method is independent of and can be combined with other time-saving algorithms, such as adaptive time stepping. The method was applied to two test cases: relaxation of plasma with hot neutrals (initial T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> >> T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> ), which may occur due to shock-induced heating during meteor reentry at high altitude and the relaxation of atmospheric pressure plasma with hot electrons (initial T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> >> T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> ), which may result from a laser-induced plasma breakdown. In the first scenario, the full set of 54 species and 1010 reactions was reduced to ten species and 106 reactions while achieving less than 3% error in the electron density. For the second case, a set containing 16 species and 195 reactions was sufficient. The test cases demonstrate that the directed relational graph method can reduce significantly the number of chemical species and reactions, thus streamlining computations. The algorithm is expected to have wider application and a strong impact on the reduction of extremely large data sets, e.g., hydrocarbons, chemistry with large dynamic time scales, and computations involving plasma chemistry in multidimensional simulations.