gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion (DDFPE) as a Resuscitation Fluid for Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review (2017)

Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is a novel nanotechnology for oxygen delivery with therapeutic potential for hemorrhagic shock and/or traumatic brain injury (TBI). DDFPe demonstrates efficacy at smaller doses than previously tested perfluorocarbon oxygen therapeutics. This smaller dose potentially eliminates toxicities exhibited by previous oxygen therapeutics, whereas anti-inflammatory properties of DDFPe may alleviate damage from ischemia reperfusion injury. This minireview summarizes our progress in developing a battlefield-ready product to prevent combat death due to hemorrhagic shock and/or TBI. Preclinical studies, for both indications, show promising effects of DDFPe as a resuscitation fluid. DDFPe may become a part of the toolkit for tactical healthcare professionals in battlefield and domestic emergency medicine.
Piezoelectric scanning mirrors for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (2009)

A novel piezoelectric scanning mirror design for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) is presented. OCT is an interferometric technique providing microscopic tomographic sectioning of biological samples with mm-range penetration capability in tissue and is suited for integration with endoscopes using fiber-based light delivery to the sample. The piezoelectric scanning mirror was designed to provide wide-range rapid forwarding-looking scanning of the optical beam at the distal end of a compact catheter. The optical scanner provides a large ratio of mirror aperture to device size with rectangular mirror sizes ranging from 600 µm × 840 µm to 840 µm × 1600 µm. Static angular displacements up to ±7° (mechanical angle) were demonstrated and resonance frequencies of hundreds of Hz (and up to 1–2 kHz) were measured, depending on the mirror size. The imaging capability of the piezoelectric scanner was demonstrated using a bench-top spectrometer-based Fourier-domain OCT system.
Coherent Lightwave Transmission at 2 Gb/s Over 170 km of Optical Fiber Using Phase Modulation (1987)

The use of coherent techniques in lightwave communications can provide improved sensitivities over those that have been obtained using direct detection receivers[l]. For this reason coherent techniques may be useful for long-haul, high-bit-rate systems. We have explored this possibility in a system operating at 2 Gb/s, and achieved 170 km transmission. This represents a record bit rate, as well as bit-rate-distance product (340 Gb km/s), for a coherent lightwave system. It is also a record distance for any system operating at 2 Gb/s.
Lighting gel filters as low-cost alternatives for fluorescence imaging and optical system design (2022)

Lighting gel filters are widely used in commercial industries, but their adoption in scientific applications is limited, despite their low cost and form factor advantages. Here, we compare the optical performance of lighting gel filters to commonly used dielectric and colored glass filters in terms of absorbance spectra, passband transmission, angle of incidence dependence, autofluorescence, and photostability. Further comparison is performed in both preclinical and clinical imaging applications. The results show that gel filters might be a superior filter choice in several optical systems, including compact designs and fluorescence imaging applications. Compact designs using gel filters could have a significant advantage for applications such as point-of-care diagnostics, smartphone device add-ons, and single-use fluorescent assays.
Routing and Spectrum Assignment Algorithm Maximizes Spectrum Utilization in Optical Networks (2011)

This paper proposes a routing and spectrum assignment algorithm for elastic optical networks. The algorithm achieves high utilization of spectrum resources by considering the consecutiveness of common available spectrum slots among relevant fibers.
Real-world use and modeled impact of glucose-lowering therapies evaluated in recent cardiovascular outcomes trials: An NCDR® Research to Practice project (2017)

Aims Recent trials (EMPA-REG OUTCOME and Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results [LEADER]) have shown improved cardiovascular (CV) mortality with specific currently available glucose-lowering medications (empagliflozin and liraglutide, respectively), but were limited to selected patient populations. We sought to evaluate the current use and potential real-world impact of empagliflozin (and other sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors [SGLT2is]) and liraglutide (and other glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist [GLP-1 RAs]) among patients in the Diabetes Collaborative Registry (DCR). Methods and results We evaluated 182,525 patients from the DCR - a large, US-based outpatient registry of individuals with type 2 diabetes from 313 sites that included cardiology, endocrinology and primary care practices. Among these patients, 26.2% met major eligibility criteria for EMPA-REG OUTCOME and 48.0% met major eligibility criteria for LEADER. Of these potentially eligible patients, only a small minority were actually prescribed these agents: 5.2% on an SGLT2i and 6.0% on a GLP-1 RA, respectively. Patients receiving these studied medications or medication classes, in general, had lower CV disease burden compared with those not on these agents. Assuming similar risk reductions as in the clinical trials, if all potentially trial-eligible patients in the DCR were treated for 1 year with empagliflozin (or other SGLT2is, assuming a class effect) or liraglutide (or other GLP-1 RAs, assuming a class effect), this may have prevented 354 CV deaths, 231 heart failure hospitalizations, 329 CV deaths and 247 myocardial infarctions, respectively. Conclusion In a large, US-based outpatient registry, we found a significant number of patients would have been potentially eligible for glucose-lowering agents that demonstrated CV benefit in recent clinical trials. In view of these findings, a broader and better-targeted use of these medications in evidence-based patient populations should be considered.
Transcatheter closure of large patent ductus arteriosus at high altitude with a novel nitinol device (2011)

The Nitocclud PDA-R device is safe and effective and can easily close very large PDAs. This device has a high rate of complete occlusion within 1 year and is easily retrieved if embolized.
Novel encoding in chipless RFID using group delay characteristics (2011)

A novel encoding technique using group delay characteristics for chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag is demonstrated in this paper. It uses phase-frequency signature along with a temporal analysis. This chipless tag comprises of cascaded transmission line sections coupled at alternative ends (which are also known as C-sections) along with a planar ultra wideband monopole antenna. The structural mode of the antenna is used as the reference signal. Commensurate C-section is used to generate the identification. A 2 bit coding is demonstrated as an example in this paper. The approach is validated with simulation results.
Preparation of tertiary phosphine-olefin complexes of platinum(0): a convenient synthesis of ethylenebis(triethylphosphine)platinum(0) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of tertiary phosphine-olefin complexes of platinum(0): a convenient synthesis of ethylenebis(triethylphosphine)platinum(0)Ralph G. Nuzzo, Thomas J. McCarthy, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 4, 1312–1314Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50218a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50218a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: The Benzyloxycarbonyl Group: An Alternative Protective Group in the Mannose Series. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Summary of the UPICT Protocol for 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Oncology Clinical Trials (2015)

The Uniform Protocols for Imaging in Clinical Trials (UPICT) (18)F-FDG PET/CT protocol is intended to guide the performance of whole-body FDG PET/CT studies within the context of single- and multiple-center clinical trials of oncologic therapies by providing acceptable (minimum), target, and ideal standards for all phases of imaging. The aim is to minimize variability in intra- and intersubject, intra- and interplatform, interexamination, and interinstitutional primary or derived data. The goal of this condensed version of the much larger document is to make readers aware of the general content and subject area. The document has several main subjects: context of the imaging protocol within the clinical trial; site selection, qualification, and training; subject scheduling; subject preparation; imaging-related substance preparation and administration; imaging procedure; image postprocessing; image analysis; image interpretation; archiving and distribution of data; quality control; and imaging-associated risks and risk management.
Steam Hydrocarbon Cracking and Reforming (2004)

Many industrial chemical processes are taught as distinct contrasting reactions when in fact the unifying comparisons are greater than the contrasts. We examine steam hydrocarbon reforming and steam hydrocarbon cracking as an example of two processes that operate under different chemical reactivity regimes: equilibrium determined and kinetically determined, respectively. The feed streams and reaction conditions are similar, but the products are different. The role of catalysis for the two processes is compared and the effects on the kinetics are discussed. The extension to current petrochemical issues in the industrial world are considered along with possible further developments in these processes such as exploiting commercial trends in feedstock demand.
Immunogenicity of Cytolipin H Aggregated with Acholeplasma laidlawii Membrane Proteins (1971)

The list of immunologically active lipids found in membranes of normal and malignant cells is growing steadily since the isolation of cardiolipin in 1942 and of cytolipin H in 1958 (1, 2). The purified lipids usually function as haptens, failing to elicit an antibody response when injected into animals (2). Antisera to the lipid haptens have, therefore, been prepared either by injection of tissue fractions or of the purified lipids mixed with protein of a different species. Both methods are not completely satisfactory as tissue fractions may contain several serologically active lipids resulting in sera of low specificity, and the injection of the purified lipid hapten mixed with swine serum or albumin and adjuant frequently fails to elicit a good antibody response to the lipid (2). A new approach to the preparation of antibodies to lipid haptens has recently been proposed by us (3). Purified glycolipid haptens of Mycoplasma pneumoniae were bound to membrane proteins of Acholeplasma laidlawii by a reaggregation process (4) which consisted of solubilization of lipid-depleted A. laidlawii membranes and M. pneumoniae glycolipids in 20 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) followed by dialysis of the mixed solutions against 20 mM Mg2+ . The reaggregated material elicited the production in rabbits of antibodies which fixed complement and precipitated the purified glycolipids (3, 5). Free glycolipids or their mixture with A. laidlawii membrane proteins were far less effective in evoking these antibodies (3). The main advantage in utilizing hybrid reaggregates consisting of protein and lipid derived from membranes of two different organisms lies in the ability to select the lipid and the protein components of the reaggregate and thus control the type of antibodies produced. The reaggregation process seems to involve an intimate binding of lipid to protein, presumably by the same kind of bonds responsible for their association in biological membranes.
Ultra-high resolution index of refraction profiles of femtosecond laser modified silica structures (2003)

The combination of selective chemical etching and atomic force microscopy has been used for the first time to make ultra-high spatial resolution (20 nm) index of refraction profiles of femtosecond laser modified structures in silica glass.
Whitening and second order optimization both destroy information about the dataset, and can make generalization impossible (2021)

Machine learning is predicated on the concept of generalization: a model achieving low error on a sufficiently large training set should also perform well on novel samples from the same distribution. We show that both data whitening and second order optimization can harm or entirely prevent generalization. In general, model training harnesses information contained in the sample-sample second moment matrix of a dataset. For a general class of models, namely models with a fully connected first layer, we prove that the information contained in this matrix is the only information which can be used to generalize. Models trained using whitened data, or with certain second order optimization schemes, have less access to this information; in the high dimensional regime they have no access at all, resulting in poor or nonexistent generalization ability. We experimentally verify these predictions for several architectures, and further demonstrate that generalization continues to be harmed even when theoretical requirements are relaxed. However, we also show experimentally that regularized second order optimization can provide a practical tradeoff, where training is accelerated but less information is lost, and generalization can in some circumstances even improve.
The Genetic Landscape of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (2018)

ABSTRACT Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare bone marrow failure disorder that affects 1 in 100,000 to 200,000 live births and has been associated with mutations in components of the ribosome. In order to characterize the genetic landscape of this genetically heterogeneous disorder, we recruited a cohort of 472 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of DBA and performed whole exome sequencing (WES). Overall, we identified rare and predicted damaging mutations in likely causal genes for 78% of individuals. The majority of mutations were singletons, absent from population databases, predicted to cause loss of function, and in one of 19 previously reported genes encoding for a diverse set of ribosomal proteins (RPs). Using WES exon coverage estimates, we were able to identify and validate 31 deletions in DBA associated genes. We also observed an enrichment for extended splice site mutations and validated the diverse effects of these mutations using RNA sequencing in patientderived cell lines. Leveraging the size of our cohort, we observed several robust genotype-phenotype associations with congenital abnormalities and treatment outcomes. In addition to comprehensively identifying mutations in known genes, we further identified rare mutations in 7 previously unreported RP genes that may cause DBA. We also identified several distinct disorders that appear to phenocopy DBA, including 9 individuals with biallelic CECR1 mutations that result in deficiency of ADA2. However, no new genes were identified at exome-wide significance, suggesting that there are no unidentified genes containing mutations readily identified by WES that explain &gt; 5% of DBA cases. Overall, this comprehensive report should not only inform clinical practice for DBA patients, but also the design and analysis of future rare variant studies for heterogeneous Mendelian disorders.
Comparison of Cardiovascular Response to Ionic and Nominic Magnetic Resonance Susceptibility Contrast Agents (1994)

Bolus administration of (NMG)2DyDTPA resulted in transient negative inotropic and chronotropic effects and hypotension in both healthy and infarcted animals. DyDTPA-BMA, administered as a bolus even at high doses, caused no appreciable hemodynamic alterations.
Abstract 1194: IDH1 mutant inhibitor induces cellular differentiation and offers a combination benefit with Ara-C in a primary human Idh1 mutant AML xenograft model (2014)

Abstract Somatic point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 have a gain-of-function neomorphic activity that converts alpha-ketoglutarate to the oncometabolite, R (-)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). Prospective studies of AML patients carrying IDH mutations have shown that intracellular concentrations of 2HG can range from 3-10 mM. This abnormal level of 2HG results in dysregulation of alpha-ketoglutarate dependent enzymes leading to alterations in the epigenetic state of hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells and functionally blocks their ability to fully differentiate. We have developed a potent and selective, orally available IDH1 mutant inhibitor AGI-14100, that is able to reduce intracellular 2HG concentrations to baseline levels found in wildtype cells. We next treated a primary human IDH1 (R132H)/FLT3-ITD mutant xenograft model with AGI-14100 either alone or in combination with Ara-c. In these studies, AGI-14100 alone significantly decreased tumor burden in the peripheral blood after 1 month of continuous BID treatment. In combination with a short-term, low-dose course of Ara-C, we also observed a decrease in the bone marrow tumor burden that was better than either treatment alone. Furthermore, this response was sustainable for &amp;gt;3 weeks even after dosing of both drugs had been terminated. Taken together, these data suggest that inhibition of mutant IDH1with AGI-14100 and low dose Ara-c could provide a combination benefit for patients with AML. Citation Format: Kate Ellwood-Yen, Yue Chen, Fang Wang, Rene Lemieux, Janeta Popovici-Muller, Hua Yang, Kimberly Straley, Sung Choe, Marion Dorsch, Sam Agresta, David Schenkein, Scott Biller, Michael Su. IDH1 mutant inhibitor induces cellular differentiation and offers a combination benefit with Ara-C in a primary human Idh1 mutant AML xenograft model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1194. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1194
Long-term Follow-Up and Factors Predictive of Recurrence in Barrett's Esophagus Treated by Argon Plasma Coagulation and Acid Suppression (2002)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: In several series, argon plasma coagulation (APC) combined with acid suppression has led to short- or medium-term eradication of Barrett's esophagus. The present study was designed to assess the long-term outcome after this treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 39 patients with Barrett's esophagus, seven of them with low-grade dysplasia, underwent APC and received 40 mg omeprazole daily for eradication of the metaplastic epithelium. After the treatment period, patients were randomly assigned to receive 20 or 40 mg omeprazole daily for long-term acid suppression. Histological and endoscopic changes were evaluated annually. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to test the following 10 variables as predictors of sustained reversal of Barrett's esophagus at the end of follow-up: age, gender, length of diseased segment, presence of hiatal hernia, circumferential nature of lesion, presence of low-grade dysplasia at initial biopsy, number of coagulation sessions, result of pH monitoring under protein pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment, omeprazole dosage, and initial response to therapy (after 1 month). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 36 months (range 12 - 48). The endoscopic and histological relapse rates at 1, 12, and 24 months, and end of follow-up were, respectively, 30 % and 44 % (12/39 and 17/39), 57 % and 54 % (16/28 and 15/28), 60 % and 57 % (17/28 and 16/28), and 62 % for both rates (23/37). According to multivariate analysis, shorter length of diseased segment and normalization of pH with PPI treatment were the only independent predictors of sustained long-term re-epithelialization. Among the seven patients with low-grade dysplasia, four experienced relapse after 1 month, and during the long-term follow-up, one was lost to follow-up and all the others experienced relapse, but only one developed low-grade dysplasia again. Cancer was found in two cases after 12 and 18 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Persistence of acid reflux and greater length of diseased segment are the major factors associated with a high relapse rate after successful initial reversal. APC for ablation of Barrett's esophagus cannot be recommended.
Synthesis and Dopamine Receptor Binding Studies of Homochiral 8‐Aminopyrido[1,2‐a]indoles (1995)

Starting from L-aspartic acid the preparation of 8-aminopyrido[1,2-a]indole derivatives as benzo-fused analogs of the dopamine autoreceptor agonist 1 is reported. The key step of the synthesis is the Tf2O induced cyclization of the 1,2-amino alcohol 6. Receptor binding studies indicated selective affinity for the D-2 autoreceptor. Among the tested compounds, the dipropylamino derivative 2 showed the highest affinity for the D-2 receptor labelled with the selective autoreceptor agonist pramipexole (IC50 value: 450 nM). Thus, 2 is 15 times less potent than the aminoindolizine 1.
Targeting to Endothelial Cells Augments the Protective Effect of Novel Dual Bioactive Antioxidant/Anti-Inflammatory Nanoparticles (2014)

Oxidative stress and inflammation are intertwined contributors to numerous acute vascular pathologies. A novel dual bioactive nanoparticle with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties was developed based on the interactions of tocopherol phosphate and the manganese porphyrin SOD mimetic, MnTMPyP. The size and drug incorporation efficiency were shown to be dependent on the amount of MnTMPyP added as well as the choice of surfactant. MnTMPyP was shown to retain its SOD-like activity while in intact particles and to release in a slow and controlled manner. Conjugation of anti-PECAM antibody to the nanoparticles provided endothelial targeting and potentiated nanoparticle-mediated suppression of inflammatory activation of these cells manifested by expression of VCAM, E-selectin, and IL-8. This nanoparticle technology may find applicability with drug combinations relevant for other pathologies.
Synthesis and Photosensitizing Efficacy of Isomerically Pure Bacteriopurpurinimides (2004)

The isomerically pure 3-deacetyl-3-(1-heptyloxy)ethylbacteriopurpurin-N-hexylimides exhibiting long-wavelength absorption near 800 nm were obtained from 3-acetylbacteriopurpurin-N-hexylimide in high stereospecificity by following Corey's synthetic approach. Both heptyl ether derivatives (R- and S-isomers) showed similar in vitro photosensitizing efficacy and limited skin phototoxicity and were found to localize in mitochondria. However, in preliminary in vivo screening, compared to the S-isomer, the corresponding R-isomer produced enhanced in vivo photodynamic therapy efficacy.