gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust control approach to atomic force microscopy (2004)

The imaging problem using an atomic force microscope (AFM) is addressed in the framework of modern robust control. Subsequently stacked /spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// and Glover McFarlane controllers are designed for high bandwidth and robustness. It is postulated that the sample profile can be accurately imaged without building explicit observers. Experimental results substantiate this claim.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Radiation-Induced Plasmas (1973)

A Monte Carlo simulation model for radiation-induced plasmas with nonlinear properties due to recombination has been developed employing a piecewise-linearized predict-correct technique. Several variance reduction techniques are used, including antithetic variates. The resulting code is applied to the determination of the electron energy distribution for a noble-gas plasma created by alpha-particle irradiation.Results are presented for helium with an electron source rate from 1014 to 1018 electrons/(cm3 sec), initial energies from 70 to 1500 eV, pressures from 10 to 760 Torr, and electric-field-to-pressure ratios from 0 to 10 V/(cm Torr). The low-energy portion of the distribution function approaches a Maxwellian for zero field and Druyvesteyn’s distribution with an applied electric field. However, above the ionization potential and extending to the source energy, a parabolic-shaped distribution (tail) occurs.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Targeting eIF4A-Dependent Translation of KRAS Signaling Molecules (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5&lt;/p&gt;
Design of a simple closed-loop Transmit Diversity Scheme Using Sub-carrier Grouping for ECMA-392 Systems (2014)

ECMA-392는 개인 휴대용 장치를 위한 최초의 CR (cognitive radio) 표준으로서, 2개까지의 전송 안테나를 지원하며 이를 위한 전송 다이버시티 기법으로는 개방루프 방식만을 지원한다. 본 논문에서는 ECMA-392 시스템을 위한 간단한 형태의 부반송파 그룹핑(sub-carrier grouping) 기반 폐루프 전송 다이버시티 기법을 설계하고자 한다. ECMA-392 시스템에 적합한 부반송파 그룹핑 방법을 제시할 것이며, 각각의 부 반송파 그룹에 대해 채널 환경에 따른 전송 안테나 선택 방법을 제안한다. 이때 피드백 정보량을 줄이기 위해, 채널 환경에 따른 전송 안테나 결정을 수신단에서 하고 결정된 전송 안테나의 인덱스 값만을 송신단에 보내주는 방식을 사용한다. ECMA-392 표준에서 제시하는 개방루프 전송 다이버시티 기법들과의 성능비교를 통해, ECMA-392 시스템에 폐루프 전송 다이버시티 기법의 도입 여부에 대한 판단 근거를 제시하고자 한다.
Internet connectivity solutions for digital photography (2000)

The exposure of consumers to the Internet is opening up broad new markets for data-centric services and products. One of these new markets is that of digital photography. A key to growing this emerging market segment lies in simplifying the mechanisms for connecting digital cameras and other sources of digital images to the Internet. In this paper we describe a number of mechanisms of achieving such connectivity using existing desktop PC and Web technology, and additionally using a new generation of consumer Internet appliances. In addition, details are given of the server-side infrastructure required to support a range of network-oriented services.
Designing viral diagnostics with model-based optimization (2020)

Abstract Diagnostics, particularly for rapidly evolving viruses, stand to benefit from a principled, measurement-driven design that harnesses machine learning and vast genomic data—yet the capability for such design has not been previously built. Here, we develop and extensively validate an approach to designing viral diagnostics that applies a learned model within a combinatorial optimization framework. Concentrating on CRISPR-based diagnostics, we screen a library of 19,209 diagnostic–target pairs and train a deep neural network that predicts, from RNA sequence alone, diagnostic signal better than contemporary techniques. Our model then makes it possible to design assays that are maximally sensitive over the spectrum of a virus’s genomic variation. We introduce ADAPT ( https://adapt.guide ), a system for fully-automated design, and use ADAPT to design optimal diagnostics for the 1,933 vertebrate-infecting viral species within 2 hours for most species and 24 hours for all but 3. We experimentally show ADAPT’s designs are sensitive and specific down to the lineage level, including against viruses that pose challenges involving genomic variation and specificity. ADAPT’s designs exhibit significantly higher fluorescence and permit lower limits of detection, across a virus’s entire variation, than the outputs of standard design techniques. Our model-based optimization strategy has applications broadly to viral nucleic acid diagnostics and other sequence-based technologies, and, paired with clinical validation, could enable a critically-needed, proactive resource of assays for surveilling and responding to pathogens.
Elevated Endometrial Androgen Receptor Expression in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome1 (2002)

Androgen receptors (AR) have been identified in human endometrium; however, their role in endometrial cyclic development and function remains poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to investigate the profile of endometrial AR in normal menstrual cycles and in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This syndrome is characterized by chronic hyperandrogenism and oligo-ovulation, and it is often associated with poor reproductive performance. Using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we found that women with PCOS exhibited elevated endometrial AR expression compared to normal, fertile controls. This increase was most apparent in glandular and luminal epithelium. Furthermore, when compared to endometrium from fertile women, PCOS endometrium showed other abnormalities in endometrial development, including delay or absence of the alpha(v)beta3 integrin, a well-characterized biomarker of uterine receptivity described previously (Lessey et al., JCI 1992; 90:188-195). To better understand and to gain insights regarding these findings, we used in vitro cell-culture models to study the regulation of AR in primary endometrial stromal and the well-differentiated epithelial cell line (Ishikawa). Based on Western blot analysis, epithelial AR is up-regulated by estrogens and androgens and is inhibited by progestins and epidermal growth factor (EGF). On the other hand, EGF significantly induced the expression of alpha(v)beta3, whereas estrogen and androgen treatment inhibited its expression. Collectively, these results suggest that the poor reproductive performance observed in women with PCOS may be due, in part, to the concomitant increase in both serum androgens and elevations in endometrial AR. This combination may reduce endometrial receptivity as judged by the down-regulation of alpha(v)beta3 integrin.
Thermogravimetric analysis of multistage decomposition of materials (2000)

The numerical method developed for thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of one-stage processes is generalised to systems with multistage decomposition. Eighteen different physicochemical models are used to describe kinetics at each of the stages. In a two-stage decomposition the algorithm realises sequential analysis of 18 × 18 = 324 variants and characterises a point separating the two stages on the TG curves. Thus, it provides the minimum of the average square of deviation between the computed and the experimental curves on the scale of the logarithm of the reduced time that is expressed as the integral of the Arrhenius exponential. The same approach is used for the approximation of three-stage decomposition. Three-stage decomposition of foamed polyurethane in air is considered as an illustrative example. The first and second stages both correspond to bimolecular reactions, while the third one has been found to be a diffusion controlled process.
Investigation of Parameters Influencing Planarization Efficiency in Electrochemical Mechanical Deposition of Copper (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Asymmetric Radical and Anionic Cyclizations of Axially Chiral Carbamates (2008)

Standard Boc, Alloc, and Cbz derivatives of N-2,4-dimethyl-6-iodophenyl-N-allyl anilines are axially chiral and can be readily resolved into atropisomers whose racemization barriers exceed 30 kcal/mol. The resolved axially chiral carbamates undergo radical and anionic cyclizations with high levels of chirality transfer from the N-Ar axis to the new stereocenter in the substituted dihydroindole products. The carbamate groups of the products are readily removed.
A biomimetic retinal stimulating array (2005)

A retinal prosthesis capable of restoring face recognition, reading, and mobility to blind patients is within the capability of microsystems technology. Electrode arrays can be made dense enough to be able to place thousands of pixels into the macula. Electrode materials can supply safe and effective stimulus current. This review examines some prior work in electrical stimulation of the retina and simulations of phosphene-based vision as a basis to produce design constraints for a biomimetic retinal-stimulating array. An array is designed considering the needs of the end users (blind individuals), the biology of diseased retina, and the limits of electrode technology. Other technology to support the system such as high-density stimulus generation circuitry and hermetic packaging face significant challenges but solutions can likely be realized to some degree.
Non-volatile integrated photonic memory using GST phase change material on a fully etched Si3N4/SiO2 waveguide (2020)

We experimentally demonstrate an integrated photonic non-volatile memory using GST phase change material on a fully etched Si 3 N 4 /SiO 2 -cladded waveguide for lower switching power and CMOS-compatibility, reporting interchangable switching from amorphous to crystalline state.
Complex NMF: A new sparse representation for acoustic signals (2009)

This paper presents a new sparse representation for acoustic signals which is based on a mixing model defined in the complex-spectrum domain (where additivity holds), and allows us to extract recurrent patterns of magnitude spectra that underlie observed complex spectra and the phase estimates of constituent signals. An efficient iterative algorithm is derived, which reduces to the multiplicative update algorithm for non-negative matrix factorization developed by Lee under a particular condition.
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-4, Tables 1 from A Dose-Escalation and Signal-Generating Study of the Immunocytokine L19-IL2 in Combination with Dacarbazine for the Therapy of Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 667K&lt;/p&gt;
A fail-safe ESD protection circuit with 230 fF linear capacitance for high-speed/high-precision 0.18 μm CMOS I/O application (2003)

Integration of RF/analog and digital circuitry imposes great challenges on Electro-Static-Discharge (ESD) circuit design. Substrate noise coupling through parasitic ESD capacitance degrades the RF/analog input signal, due to both ESD capacitance value and its non-linearity. This paper presents a new 4 kV fail-safe ESD structure, which uses a forward-biased diode to isolate the high capacitance node and uses both N/P junctions and P/N junctions to compensate voltage dependent capacitance. A 230 fF, linear ESD capacitance is achieved without sacrificing the protection capability. This ESD structure uses substrate pumping and sequential booting to trigger as an effective clamp. It also represents total protection including a CDM clamp.
Rhizoremediation of lindane by root‐colonizing Sphingomonas (2007)

We used a two-step enrichment approach to isolate root-colonizing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-degrading microorganisms. The first step consists of the use of classical liquid enrichment to isolate γ-HCH degraders. The γ-HCH-degrading microbes were attached in mass to corn seeds sown in soil with γ-HCH, and after plant development we rescued bacteria growing on root tips. Bacteria were then subjected to a second enrichment round in which growth on liquid medium with γ-HCH and inoculation of corn seeds were repeated. We then isolated bacteria on M9 minimal medium with γ-HCH from root tips. We were able to isolate four Sphingomonas strains, all of which degraded α-, β-, γ- and δ-HCH. Two of the strains were particularly good colonizers of corn roots, reaching high cell density in vegetated soil and partly removing γ-HCH. In contrast, these bacteria performed poorly in unplanted soils. This study supports the hypothesis that the removal of persistent toxic chemicals can be accelerated by combinations of plants and bacteria, a process generally known as rhizoremediation.
Ultrasound functional neuroimaging reveals propagation of task-related brain activity in behaving primates (2018)

ABSTRACT In recent decades, neuroimaging has played an invaluable role in improving the fundamental understanding of the brain. At the macro scale, neuroimaging modalities such as MRI, EEG, and MEG, exploit a wide field of view to explore the brain as a global network of interacting regions. However, this comes at the price of either limited spatiotemporal resolution or limited sensitivity. At the micro scale, electrophysiology is used to explore the dynamic aspects of neuronal activity with a very high temporal resolution. However, this modality requires a statistical averaging of several tens of single task responses. A large-scale neuroimaging modality of sufficient spatial and temporal resolution and sensitivity to study brain region activation dynamically would open new territories of possibility in neuroscience We show that neurofunctional ultrasound imaging (fUS) is both able to assess brain activation during single cognitive tasks within superficial and deeper areas of the frontal cortex areas, and image the directional propagation of information within and between these regions. Equipped with an fUS device, two macaque rhesus monkeys were instructed before a stimulus appeared to rest (fixation) or to look towards (saccade) or away (antisaccade) from a stimulus. Our results identified an abrupt transient change in activity for all acquisitions in the supplementary eye field (SEF) when the animals were required to change a rule regarding the task cued by a stimulus. Simultaneous imaging in the anterior cingulate cortex and SEF revealed a time delay in the directional functional connectivity of 0.27 ± 0.07 s and 0.9 ± 0.2 s for animals S and Y, respectively. These results provide initial evidence that recording cerebral hemodynamics over large brain areas at a high spatiotemporal resolution and sensitivity with neurofunctional ultrasound can reveal instantaneous monitoring of endogenous brain signals and behavior.
Novel IntragenicFRMD7Deletion in a Pedigree with Congenital X-Linked Nystagmus (2010)

A range of missense, nonsense, frameshift, and splicing mutations in FRMD7 have been shown to cause X-linked congenital nystagmus. Here we show for the first time that large intragenic deletions of FRMD7 can also cause this form of nystagmus.
Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT (2022)

Massive connectivity of billions of communicating devices for fifth-generation (5G) and beyond networks requires the deployment of self-sustaining, maintenance-free, and low-cost communication paradigms. Could passive Internet of Things (IoT) solve these challenges? Passive IoT can be realized with the backscatter communication (BackCom) paradigm, which uses ultra-low power, inexpensive passive tags to support massive connectivity. However, a comprehensive link budget analysis for BackCom networks has not yet been available. It is something that is necessary for practitioners and researchers to evaluate the potential of BackCom. This survey is organized as follows. First, we describe the BackCom configurations, passive IoT design targets, backscatter channel statistics, and the different components and operations of the backscatter tag. Second, we develop the forward link budget and the overall link budget. All the relevant parameters are described in detail. Third, we give numerical and simulation results to get insights on the achievable performance of BackCom networks. Since additive path losses and excess fading can limit the performance of BackCom networks, we examine potential solutions to overcome the resulting limitations, enabling massive IoT networks. We also discuss integrating BackCom with existing wireless technologies. We further highlight some applications and address open issues, challenges, and future research directions.
FIELD RELEVANCE OF A SUITE OF ROLLOVER TESTS TO REAL-WORLD CRASHES AND INJURIES. IN: OCCUPANT AND VEHICLE RESPONSES IN ROLLOVERS (2004)

This chapter on the field relevance of a suite of rollover tests to real-world crashes and injuries is from a comprehensive textbook on occupant and vehicle responses in rollovers. In this chapter, the authors assessed the distribution of rollover accidents occurring in the field and compared the vehicle kinematics in the predominant field crash modes with available laboratory tests. Results showed that rollovers were most commonly induced when the lateral motion of the vehicle was suddenly slowed or stopped (this type is referred to as a trip-over). Trip-overs accounted for 57% of passenger car and 51% of light truck vehicle (LTV) rollovers. More than 90% of trip-overs were initiated by ground contact. The second most common rollover type was fall-overs, which account for 13% of passenger car and 15% of LTV rollovers. Bounce-overs only accounted for 8% of both the passenger car and LTV rollovers. The authors report on the three additional tests (soil-trip, curb-trip, and ditch fall-over) they devised that more fully address the field relevant conditions. The injury distribution for belted/non-ejected drivers was assessed for trip-over, fall-over, and bounce-over accidents. The authors conclude that field data is useful in the development of laboratory test conditions for rollovers as it provides understanding on the significance of various rollover types, understanding of injury biomechanics, guidance for future testing, and inputs for mathematical modeling.
Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and the Gut Microbiome (2015)

The long‐term success of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery varies among patients; however, microbiota structure and how it affects success of the surgery in the long‐term are unknown. We hypothesize that the microbiome plays a role in successful and sustainable weight loss after RYGB surgery. We recruited post‐RYGB (&gt; 13 months), normal‐weight, and morbidly obese subjects and categorized the RYGB subjects into successful (S‐RYGB) and unsuccessful (U‐RYGB) groups based on their initial weight loss and subsequent weight regain. We investigated gut microbiota's structure and function using16S rDNA sequencing and the metabolome using H‐NMR. Phylotype diversity (PD Whole Tree index), an indicator of the microbiome stability and function, was higher in the normal‐weight and S‐RYGB groups. High abundance of Enterobacteriales in RYGB groups showed that their abundance was not due to antibiotic treatment for surgery, but likely due to environmental changes imposed on the community due to the rearranged gut anatomy. Generally, fermentation products were higher in fecal samples of obese individuals and lower for the RYGB groups. More importantly, specific amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan were more abundant in the S‐RYGB group. Careful analysis of our wide range of genomic and metabolic data is helping us uncover possible mechanisms for the hypothesized role of the gut microbiome and successful weight loss after RYGB.
Safety Evaluation of Hemoglobin-Albumin Cluster “HemoAct” as a Red Blood Cell Substitute (2015)

A hemoglobin (Hb) wrapped covalently by human serum albumins (HSAs), a core-shell structured hemoglobin-albumin cluster designated as "HemoAct", is an O2-carrier designed for use as a red blood cell (RBC) substitute. This report describes the blood compatibility, hemodynamic response, and pharmacokinetic properties of HemoAct, and then explains its preclinical safety. Viscosity and blood cell counting measurements revealed that HemoAct has good compatibility with whole blood. Intravenous administration of HemoAct into anesthetized rats elicited no unfavorable increase in systemic blood pressure by vasoconstriction. The half-life of (125)I-labeled HemoAct in circulating blood is markedly longer than that of HSA. Serum biochemical tests conducted 7 days after HemoAct infusion yielded equivalent values to those observed in the control group with HSA. Histopathologic inspections of the vital organs revealed no marked abnormality in their tissues. All results indicate that HemoAct has sufficient preclinical safety as an alternative material for RBC transfusion.
Intelligent organisation of semantic networks, DIME network architecture and grid automata (2016)

A network architecture, based on increasing intelligence of computing nodes, is suggested for building the semantic grid. In its essence, distributed intelligent managed element (DIME) network architecture extends the conventional computational model of information processing networks, allowing improvement of the efficiency and resiliency of computational processes. This approach is based on organising the process dynamics under the supervision of intelligent agents. The DIME network architecture utilises the DIME computing model with non-von Neumann parallel implementation of a managed Turing machine cluster with a signalling network overlay and adds cognitive elements to evolve super-recursive information processing, for which it is proved that they improve efficiency and power of computational processes. In this paper, we model the DIME network architecture using grid automata. A grid automaton provides a universal model for computer, sensor, and many other networks. We introduce different types of grid automata and study constructive operations with grid automata, which are oriented at the network construction, generation and development.
Miniaturized EI/Q/oa TOF mass spectrometer (2001)

A miniaturized orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer with an electron impact ionization ion source and a rf quadrupole ion guide has been developed. A mass resolving power of m/deltam = 5500 has been obtained in a 0.4 m instrument. The addition of helium at pressures of about 4.0 mtorr into the ion source showed collisional focusing taking place in the rf quadrupole. An automated gas chromatograph designed for air monitoring applications has been coupled to the time-of-flight mass analyzer and tested for the detection of simulants of chemical-warfare agents.