gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hull Forms with Low Cruise Speed Resistance and High Speed Dynamic Stability-Experiments and Computations (2010)

The performance of three different shaped hulls was evaluated by experiments and computations to identify a hull form that provides low calm water resistance at cruise speed while remaining dynamically stable at high speed. The target cruise speed was at a length Froude number of 0.45, and the target high speed was at a length Froude number of 1.0. The three hybrid hulls utilized a common round bilge after body shape derived from the NPL systematic series mated to different bow shapes: _ Hull #1- Double Chine _ Hull #2- Round Bottom with Spray Rail _ Hull #3- Single Chine The 1:20 model-scale experiments were performed at the SSPA Towing Tank to evaluate the calm water resistance and dynamic stability characteristics of the three hulls. Two displacements and up to three Longitudinal Center of Gravity positions were evaluated for each model. A computational study using STAR-CCM+, a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes solver, was performed to investigate a limited number of the test conditions evaluated at SSPA. The computations included time-accurate runs designed to duplicate the dynamic stability testing methodology utilized in the experiments. Model #3- Single Chine was found to represent the lowest drag of the candidate hull forms at cruise speed while retaining dynamic stability at high speed. The calm water-resistance of this hybrid hull shape at cruise speed was found to be within 8.5% of a purely round bilge hull form as represented by the NPL systematic series.
Laparoscopic Repair of Vesicoureteral Reflux Utilizing the Lich-Gregoir Technique in the Pig Model (1995)

To date, laparoscopic urological surgery has largely been limited to diagnostic or ablative procedures. Herein we report our experience with laparoscopic reconstructive surgery to perform an extravesical ureteral reimplantation. Seven anesthetized pigs with iatrogenic ureteral reflux underwent a laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation. The newly created ureteral tunnel varied from 2 to 4 cm. In 3 pigs, the tunnel was created with tacking staples, while in the other 4 pigs, the tunnel was created with intracorporeal suturing techniques using a 3-zero polyglyconate running suture. The procedure required an average of 132 minutes. There was one anesthetic death. There were no urinary tract infections. At 3 to 8 weeks after reimplantation, the cystograms were repeated on 5 pigs. One of 2 stapled reimplant pigs still had reflux; 1 of 3 sewn reimplant pigs had reflux. At 6 months following the reimplantation, only 1 pig had residual grade I reflux and this was a sutured reimplantation. None of the stapled reimplantations exhibited any residual reflux on the surgical side; however, in 1 animal a submucosal staple was noted at the time of harvest.
Correction: Enyne [4 + 4] photocycloaddition with polycyclic aromatics (2015)

Correction for ‘Enyne [4 + 4] photocycloaddition with polycyclic aromatics’ by Buddha B. Khatri <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Org. Chem. Front.</italic>, 2014, <bold>1</bold>, 961–964.
Degenerate optical nonlinear enhancement in epsilon-near-zero transparent conducting oxides (2018)

We report the simultaneous increase of both nonlinear Kerr coefficient n(2) and third-order nonlinear susceptibility chi((3)) in aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) attained by pump-probe spectroscopy in a frequency degenerate configuration. Our experiments demonstrate a 6-fold enhancement in the third-order nonlinear susceptibility and over one order of magnitude increase in the nonlinear Kerr coefficient, while also determining two distinct operational wavelengths for optimal modulation of either the real or the imaginary part of the complex refractive index. These results, besides providing a broader spectral characterization of the third-order nonlinearity in AZO thin films, also show the fundamental advantages of performing nonlinear optics via degenerate excitation near the ENZ wavelength. Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Side Chain Fluorination of para‐Substituted Acetophenones. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fracture Toughness of Chemically Vapor‐Deposited Diamond. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A study of the structure and function of the pronephros in the larvae of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and the herring (Clupea harengus) (1996)

Unlike most other vertebrate groups, the nephrons of the pronephroi in the larval stages of both species of marine teleost fishes were found to have an internal glomus and no nephrostomes. A novel technique, which exploited the transparency of pelagic fish larvae, was used to investigate pronephric function. Fluorescein‐labelled inulin was injected into the heart and its progress through the blood circulation and pronephric systems was recorded by confocal microscopy and quantified by image analysis. Urine flow rates (UFR) were calculated from the time course of changes in bladder volume. The ratio of inulin fluorescence in the bladder to that in the dorsal aorta was then used as a factor, with UFR, to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The relative performance of the larval pronephroi, in terms of mass‐related UFR (1.4–6.3 nl • mg−1 • h−1) and GFR (3–17 nl • mg−1 • h−1), was similar to that of the kidneys of adult fishes.
Reproductive and Hormonal Risk Factors for Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) in a Representative Sample of U.S. Women (2014)

These findings highlight the importance of considering reproductive history in studies of autoimmunity and cancer in women.
60 GHz Wireless: Up Close and Personal (2010)

To meet the needs of next-generation high-data-rate applications, 60 GHz wireless networks must deliver Gb/s data rates and reliability at a low cost. In this article, we surveyed several ongoing challenges, including the design of cost-efficient and low-loss on-chip and in-package antennas and antenna arrays, the characterization of CMOS processes at millimeter-wave frequencies, the discovery of efficient modulation techniques that are suitable for the unique hardware impairments and frequency selective channel characteristics at millimeter-wave frequencies, and the creation of MAC protocols that more effectively coordinate 60 GHz networks with directional antennas. Solving these problems not only provides for wireless video streaming and interconnect replacement, but also moves printed and magnetic media such as books and hard drives to a lower cost, higher reliability semiconductor form factor with wireless connectivity between and within devices.
Sensitivity analysis of the battery model for model predictive control implemented into a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (2017)

An effective online PMS is critical for the future electrified vehicles as it has direct impacts on fuel economy, greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission, as well as the durability of power-train components. In this paper, we considered a PMS developed based on the concept of model predictive control (MPC) which formulates the control design as an optimization problem that is solved based on forecasted system behaviors over a limited prediction horizon to obtain the optimal control actions for the current time instant. The main contribution of this paper is that we take a systematic approach to examine the link between model fidelity and controller performance for the case of a hybrid energy storage system in a light-duty hybrid electric vehicle. A sensitivity analysis approach is developed and presented in this paper along with preliminary simulation results to demonstrate the impact of battery model fidelity on the performance of the proposed PMS.
Fungal Aspartic Proteases as Possible Therapeutic Targets (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Biochemical Properties of Fungal Aspartic Proteases (Table 20.1) Phylogeny of Fungal Aspartic Proteases Production of Fungal Aspartic Proteases Biological Functions of Aspartic Proteases in Fungi Secreted Aspartic Proteases in Virulence of C. albicans Functions of Aspartic Protease in C. albicans Virulence Processes Secreted Aspartic Proteases in the Virulence of Candida Species Other Than C. albicans Secreted Aspartic Proteases During Infection by Opportunistic Filamentous Fungi Fungal Aspartic Proteases as Possible Drug Targets Conclusions References
Human Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by Retroviral-Infected Lymphocytes: Role of Myosin Light Chain Kinase in Endothelial Tight-Junction Disorganization (2007)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which constitutes the interface between blood and cerebral parenchyma, has been shown to be disrupted during retroviral associated neuromyelopathies. Human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, in which evidence of BBB breakdown has been demonstrated by the presence of lymphocytic infiltrates in the CNS and plasma protein leakage through cerebral endothelium. Using an in vitro human BBB model, we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in endothelial changes induced by HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes. We demonstrate that coculture with infected lymphocytes induces an increase in paracellular endothelial permeability and transcellular migration, via IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha secretion. This disruption is associated with tight junction disorganization between endothelial cells, and alterations in the expression pattern of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens 1. These changes could be prevented by inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway or of myosin light chain kinase activity. Such disorganization was confirmed in histological sections of spinal cord from an HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis patient. Based on this BBB model, the present data indicate that HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes can induce BBB breakdown and may be responsible for the CNS infiltration that occurs in the early steps of retroviral-associated neuromyelopathies.
Prostaglandin E2 analogue elicits renal and hormonal compensatory mechanisms in human hypertension. (1986)

Endogenous prostaglandin E2 appears to play an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis. When administered exogenously, it is a potent vasodilator, but the requirement for intravenous administration and its short duration of action have limited studies to its acute effects. A novel prostaglandin E2 analogue, CL 115347, can be administered transdermally on a long-term basis. The cardiovascular responses to the chronic administration of CL 115347 were studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 26 subjects with essential hypertension (16 given drug, 10 placebo) maintained on a 100-mEq sodium diet. Administration of CL 115347 produced a fall in diastolic blood pressure of 7.8 +/- 1.3 mm Hg, compared with a 2.3 +/- 1.7 mm Hg fall in controls (p = 0.02), with no change in heart rate. The direct vascular effect of the drug was confirmed by attenuation of the vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II infusion (13.4 +/- 3.1 vs 21 +/- 2 mm Hg at 3.0 ng/kg/min; p less than 0.05). However, the chronic blood pressure effect of CL 115347 was modest. Subjects receiving active drug showed significant compensatory increases in plasma renin, aldosterone, and norepinephrine levels accompanied by sodium retention and kaliuresis. In summary, chronic administration of this prostaglandin E2 analogue resulted in a modest decrease in blood pressure and antagonism of angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction. However, its effects were largely offset by compensatory increases in vasoconstrictor hormones and sodium retention.
Effective diagnostics through interval unloads in a BIST environment (2002)

Logic built-in self test (BIST) is increasingly being adopted to improve test quality and reduce test costs for rapidly growing designs. Compared to deterministic automated test pattern generation (ATPG), BIST presents inherent fault diagnostic challenges. Previous diagnostic techniques have been limited in their diagnosis resolution and/or require significant hardware overhead. This paper proposes an interval-based scan-unload method that ensures diagnosis resolution down to gate-level faults with minimal hardware overhead. Tester fail-data collection is based on a novel construct incorporated into the design-extensions of the standard test-interface language (STIL). The implementation of the proposed method is presented and analyzed.
Surrogatein vitroactivation of innate immunity synergizes with interleukin-7 to unleash rapid antigen-driven outgrowth of CD4+ and CD8+ human peripheral blood T-cells naturally recognizing MUC1, HER2/neu and other tumor-associated antigens (2016)

Effective adoptive immunotherapy has proved elusive for many types of human cancer, often due to difficulties achieving robust expansion of natural tumor-specific T-cells from peripheral blood. We hypothesized that antigen-driven T-cell expansion might best be triggered in vitro by acute activation of innate immunity to mimic a life-threatening infection. Unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were subjected to a two-step culture, first synchronizing their exposure to exogenous antigens with aggressive surrogate activation of innate immunity, followed by γ-chain cytokine-modulated T-cell hyperexpansion. Step 1 exposure to GM-CSF plus paired Toll-like receptor agonists (resiquimod and LPS), stimulated abundant IL-12 and IL-23 secretion, as well as upregulated co-stimulatory molecules and CD11c expression within the myeloid (CD33+) subpopulation. Added synthetic long peptides (>20aa) derived from widely expressed oncoproteins (MUC1, HER2/neu and CMVpp65), were reliably presented to CD4+ T-cells and cross-presented to CD8+ T-cells. Both presentation and cross-presentation demonstrated proteasomal and Sec61 dependence that could bypass the endoplasmic reticulum. Step 2 exposure to exogenous IL-7 or IL-7+IL-2 produced selective and sustained expansion of both CD4+ and CD8+ peptide-specific T-cells with a predominant interferon-γ-producing T1-type, as well as the antigen-specific ability to lyse tumor targets. Other γ-chain cytokines and/or combinations were initially proliferogenic, but followed by a contractile phase not observed with IL-7 or IL-7+IL-2. Regulatory T-cells were minimally propagated under these culture conditions. This mechanistically rational culture sequence, effective even for unvaccinated donors, enables rapid preparation of T-cells recognizing tumor-associated antigens expressed by the majority of human cancers, including pancreatic cancers, breast cancers and glioblastomas.
The Additive Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients (2022)

In COVID-19 the development of severe viral pneumonia that is coupled with systemic inflammatory response triggers multi-organ failure and is of major concern. Cardiac involvement occurs in nearly 60% of patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions and heralds worse clinical outcome. Diagnoses carried out in the acute phase of COVID-19 rely upon increased levels of circulating cardiac injury biomarkers and transthoracic echocardiography. These diagnostics, however, were unable to pinpoint the mechanisms of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients. Identifying the main features of cardiac injury remains an urgent yet unmet need in cardiology, given the potential clinical consequences. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) provides an unparalleled opportunity to gain a deeper insight into myocardial injury given its unique ability to interrogate the properties of myocardial tissue. This endeavor is particularly important in convalescent COVID-19 patients as many continue to experience chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea and exertional fatigue, six or more months after the acute illness. This review will provide a critical appraisal of research on cardiovascular damage in convalescent adult COVID-19 patients with an emphasis on the use of CMR and its value to our understanding of organ damage.
Efficient isolation of bioactive constituents from Greek Fabaceae species through elaboration of counter-current chromatography (CCC) approaches (2011)

Fabaceae family contains plants that are characterized by significant biological activities. The main edible plants of this family constitute an important part of the Mediterranean diet and contain secondary metabolites with considerable estrogenic, antioxidant and chemopreventing activity1. Recent years CCC has become a method of choice in separation and purification of natural products. The advantage of this method is the ability to separate substances from large volume of crude and complex extracts which is crucial in further analysis as far as identification and biological control activity (2,3).
Plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide to Detect Preclinical Ventricular Systolic or Diastolic Dysfunction (2004)

BNP is a suboptimal screening test for PCVD in the population.
Multiple objects segmentation with fuzzy rule-base trained topology adaptive active membrane (2010)

Segmentation of multiple objects in a scene from the single initialization of an active membrane is always advantageous compared to separate initialization of active contour for segmenting each of the multiple objects. This proposal, however, is not robust in segmenting poorly-contrasted touching objects especially when pixel groups belonging to a single object can have spectral signatures similar to the background pixels. In this paper we have used fuzzy rule based learning scheme to record the spectral signature of the objects and background and spatial information of the topology of an active membrane segmenting the objects. The learning scheme helps in splitting the active membrane for segmenting multiple objects and integrates the topology adaptive property of the active membrane with its architecture and evolution. The evolution of this membrane is tested in a challenging application domain of estimation of sizes of oil sand.
Intrarenal Pressures Generated During Flexible Deflectable Ureterorenoscopy (1990)

Refinements in ureteroscopic instrumentation have provided flexible ureterorenoscopes of small external diameter with the capacity for active tip deflection. Despite the many advantages offered by ...
Characterization and Drug Sensitivity of Four Newly Established Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines to Antifolate Inhibitors of Thymidylate Synthase (2001)

Four new cell lines were established from the primary tumors of patients with untreated colorectal adenocarcinoma. Drug sensitivity and characterization of these cell lines was performed. Three of the four cell lines formed colonies in soft agar and all were tumorigenic in nude mice. The cell lines were morphologically similar but had differences in growth characteristics. Two of the cell lines, C18 (CCCL-4) and C29 (CCCL-6), had a longer doubling time compared with C85 (CCCL-1) and C86 (CCCL-2). The C18 and C29 cell lines had chromosome 17 abnormalities and evidence by immunohistochemistry of a mutant p53 and had decreased levels of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase proteins, associated with decreased thymidylate synthase catalytic activity in C18 and no detectable activity in C29. Raltitrexed and GW1843U89 showed potent cytotoxic activity and all four cell lines displayed similar cytotoxicity to these folate thymidylate synthase inhibitors. The C18 and C29 cell lines were in general resistant to the other agents tested (methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, nolatrexed) when compared with the C85 and C86 cell lines. These new cell lines may be useful for the study of colorectal adenocarcinoma and for evaluating new drugs or treatment schedules.
Mapping of atmospheric atomic mercury using differential absorption lidar techniques (1988)

Atomic mercury is an atmospheric pollutant that is generated from chlorine-alkali plants, coal-fired power plants, and refuse-incineration plants. In addition, mercury is an interesting geophysical tracer gas associated with certain ore deposits and geothermal and seismic activities. Mercury in the environment is discussed in Ref. 1. Typical background concentrations of this gas are a few ng/m3. Such exceedingly low-number densities can still be measured by the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique only since the oscillator strength of the electronic transition at 254 nm is concentrated in an atomic line rather than spread out over the large number of rotational–vibrational molecular transitions normally encountered. Early attempts to measure mercury with the DIAL technique are reported in Ref. 2. We have also described path-averaged measurements of mercury with the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) method.3 However, 3-D mapping of Hg reported here had to await the availability of high-power narrowband laser pulses. The measurements were performed with our new mobile lidar system,4 for this measurement equipped with a Quantel Datachrome system with a dual-wavelength option and a linewidth of 0.001 nm in the UV. Using a beta barium borate crystal, pulse energies up to 5 mJ could be generated by direct frequency doubling. Measurement examples are given from a Swedish chlorine-alkali plant. In Fig. 1 the absorption line, as measured through the lantenine mercury outlet at the 500-m distant plant, is illustrated. On- and off-resonance lidar curves and the resulting ratio (DIAL) curve from measurement of the plume downwind are given in Fig. 2. An example of crosswind plume mapping, ~150 m from the outlet, is shown in Fig. 3.