gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electroactive Co(iii) salen metal complexes and the electrophoretic deposition of their porous organic polymers onto glassy carbon (2018)

This paper reports the CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction properties of three bis-bromo Co(iii) salen metal complexes and their Porous Organic Polymers (POPs) as a platform for using the salen core as a multi-electron reducing agent. Although Co(iii) salen metal complexes have been studied extensively for their chemical catalysis with CO<sub>2</sub>, their electrochemical behaviour, particularly their reduction, in the presence of CO<sub>2</sub> is much less explored. The discrete Co(iii) complexes enabled the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO in faradaic efficiencies of up to 20%. The reductive electrochemical processes of Co(iii) salen complexes are relatively unknown; therefore, the mechanism of reduction for the complexes was investigated using IR and UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical (SEC) techniques. The discrete bis-bromo salen complexes were incorporated into POPs with tris-(<i>p</i>-ethynyl)-triphenylamine as a co-ligand and were characterised using solid state NMR, IR, UV-Vis-NIR and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The POP materials were electrophoretically deposited onto glassy carbon under milder conditions than those previously reported in the literature. Direct attachment of the POP materials to glassy carbon enabled improved solid state electrochemical analysis of the samples. The POP materials were also analysed <i>via</i> SEC techniques, where a Co(ii/i) process could be observed, but further reductions associated with the imine reduction compromised the stability of the POPs.
The Mutant p53-Conformation Modifying Drug, CP-31398, Can Induce Apoptosis (2002)

CP-31398, a styrylquinazoline, emerged from a screen for therapeutic agents that restore a wild-type DNA-binding conformation of mutant p53 to suppress tumors in-vivo (Science 286, 2507, 1999). We investigated the growth inhibitory mechanism of CP-31398 using nine human cancer cell lines containing wild-type, mutant or no p53 expression. Six of nine cell lines underwent apoptosis after exposure to CP-31398, while two cell lines, DLD1 colon cancer and H460 lung cancer, underwent exclusively cell cycle arrest. Cell cycle arrest preceded the apoptosis in some cases. CP-31398 did not inhibit growth of the p53 non-expressing ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3. Interestingly, we found that wild-type p53 protein is stabilized upon CP-31398 exposure. p53 target genes such as p21WAF1/Cip1, and KILLER/DR5 were upregulated by CP-31398, but their expression did not correlate with arrest or apoptosis induction. Combination of CP-31398 and TRAIL or chemotherapeutic agents enhanced cancer cell killing effect possibly through upregulation of p53-regulated genes such as KILLER/DR5. Bax-/-, wild-type p53-expressing cells displayed reduced susceptibility to killing by CP-31398. An Affymetrix GeneChip Array screen revealed that CP-31398 alters expression of non-p53 target genes in addition to p53-responsive genes. Although our preliminary data suggest that CP-31398 does not alter wild-type p53:MDM2 interaction, further efforts are required to elucidate the mechanism of wild-type p53 stabilization by CP-31398. The results increase our understanding of CP-31398 action, and suggest strategies for improving its specificity, possibly through use of microarrays to screen related compounds with higher mutant p53-specificity.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORINATED RETINOIC ACIDS AND THEIR ANALOGS. 3. SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AROMATIC 6‐FLUORO ANALOGS (1982)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung der Phosphoniumverbindungen (I) mit dem Aldehyd (II) entstehen die Nonatetraenoate (III).
Assembly and crystallization of the complex between the human T cell coreceptor CD8α homodimer and HLA‐A2 (1998)

A strategy for overexpression in Escherichia coli of the extracellular immunoglobulin domain of human CD8alpha was devised using codon usage alterations in the 5' region of the gene, designed so as to prevent the formation of secondary structures in the mRNA. A fragment of CD8alpha, comprising residues 1-120 of the mature protein, excluding the signal peptide and the membrane-proximal stalk region, was recovered from bacterial inclusion bodies and refolded to produce a single species of homodimeric, soluble receptor. HLA-A2 heavy chain, beta2-microglobulin and a synthetic peptide antigen corresponding to the pol epitope from HIV-1 were also expressed in E. coli, refolded and purified. CD8alpha/HLA-A2 complexes were formed in solution and by co-crystallization with a stoichiometry of one CD8alpha alpha dimer to one HLA-A2-peptide unit.
Robust Bayesian Method for Simultaneous Block Sparse Signal Recovery\n with Applications to Face Recognition (2016)

In this paper, we present a novel Bayesian approach to recover simultaneously\nblock sparse signals in the presence of outliers. The key advantage of our\nproposed method is the ability to handle non-stationary outliers, i.e. outliers\nwhich have time varying support. We validate our approach with empirical\nresults showing the superiority of the proposed method over competing\napproaches in synthetic data experiments as well as the multiple measurement\nface recognition problem.\n
Structured GdI<inf>3</inf>:Ce scintillators for X-ray and neutron imaging (2013)

Gadolinium iodide doped with cerium (GdI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce) is one of the recently discovered materials that exhibit excellent scintillation properties. With its high density of 5.2 gm/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , high effective atomic number of 57, its promising bright emission of ~100,000 photons/MeV in 550 nm green region of visible spectrum, GdI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce is an excellent candidate for X-ray detection and imaging. In addition, the presence of Gd, with its high cross-section for thermal neutrons, makes it an attractive candidate for neutron detection and imaging. While the GdI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce crystals, which are useful for neutron and γ detection/spectroscopy have previously been reported [1, 2], it is necessary to synthesize this material in a large area film format for imaging applications. Such films may then be coupled to high-resolution CMOS- or CCD-based sensors to construct imaging detectors. Here we report on the first ever fabrication of GdI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce films using hot wall evaporation (HWE). Specimens up to 5 cm diameter, 350 μm thick films have been grown. The films are fabricated in a microcolumnar form, which offsets the efficiency-resolution tradeoff in conventional imaging systems. These films exhibit characteristic bright emission of GdI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce, excellent spatial resolution, and anticipated response to thermal neutrons. In addition to their excellent scintillation properties, the high X-ray absorption efficiency, high thermal neutron cross-section, and the vapor deposition methods for its synthesis, are promising features of this development. This combination allows mass production of large-area, high-performance X-ray/neutron detectors in a uniquely time efficient manner.
Deep bleeder acoustic coagulation (DBAC)—Part I: development and in vitro testing of a research prototype cuff system (2015)

The main performance objectives of the prototype DBAC cuff were met, however the designs required a number of challenging new technology developments. The novel Tx arrays exhibited high power with significant beam steering and focusing flexibility, while their integrated electronics enabled the required compact, lightweight configurability and simplified driving controls and cable/connector architecture. The compounded 3D imaging, combined with sophisticated software algorithms, enabled automated D&L and initial targeting and closed-loop targeting feedback via TSI. The development of RNN acoustic thermometry made possible feedback-controlled dosing. The lightweight architecture required significant design and fabrication effort to meet mechanical functionalities. Although not all target specifications were met, future engineering solutions addressing these performance deficiencies are proposed. Lastly, the program required very complex limb test phantoms and, while very challenging to develop, they performed well.
Aerodynamics of the flying snake Chrysopelea paradisi: how a bluff body cross-sectional shape contributes to gliding performance (2014)

A prominent feature of gliding flight in snakes of the genus Chrysopelea is the unique cross-sectional shape of the body, which acts as the lifting surface in the absence of wings. When gliding, the flying snake Chrysopelea paradisi morphs its circular cross-section into a triangular shape by splaying its ribs and flattening its body in the dorsoventral axis, forming a geometry with fore-aft symmetry and a thick profile. Here, we aimed to understand the aerodynamic properties of the snake's cross-sectional shape to determine its contribution to gliding at low Reynolds numbers. We used a straight physical model in a water tunnel to isolate the effects of 2D shape, analogously to studying the profile of an airfoil of a more typical flyer. Force measurements and time-resolved (TR) digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) were used to determine lift and drag coefficients, wake dynamics and vortex-shedding characteristics of the shape across a behaviorally relevant range of Reynolds numbers and angles of attack. The snake's cross-sectional shape produced a maximum lift coefficient of 1.9 and maximum lift-to-drag ratio of 2.7, maintained increases in lift up to 35 deg, and exhibited two distinctly different vortex-shedding modes. Within the measured Reynolds number regime (Re=3000-15,000), this geometry generated significantly larger maximum lift coefficients than many other shapes including bluff bodies, thick airfoils, symmetric airfoils and circular arc airfoils. In addition, the snake's shape exhibited a gentle stall region that maintained relatively high lift production even up to the highest angle of attack tested (60 deg). Overall, the cross-sectional geometry of the flying snake demonstrated robust aerodynamic behavior by maintaining significant lift production and near-maximum lift-to-drag ratios over a wide range of parameters. These aerodynamic characteristics help to explain how the snake can glide at steep angles and over a wide range of angles of attack, but more complex models that account for 3D effects and the dynamic movements of aerial undulation are required to fully understand the gliding performance of flying snakes.
Phosphorus-31 chemical shifts of some air-sensitive phosphinemethylenes (1967)

S. O. Grim, W. McFarlane and T. J. Marks, Chem. Commun. (London), 1967, 1191 DOI: 10.1039/C19670001191
IMAGE BASED 3D FACE RECONSTRUCTION: A SURVEY (2009)

The use of 3D data in face image processing applications has received considerable attention during the last few years. A major issue for the implementation of 3D face processing systems is the accurate and real time acquisition of 3D faces using low cost equipment. In this paper we provide a survey of 3D reconstruction methods used for generating the 3D appearance of a face using either a single or multiple 2D images captured with ordinary equipment such as digital cameras and camcorders. In this context we discuss various issues pertaining to the general problem of 3D face reconstruction such as the existence of suitable 3D face databases, correspondence of 3D faces, feature detection, deformable 3D models and typical assumptions used during the reconstruction process. Different approaches to the problem of 3D reconstruction are presented and for each category the most important advantages and disadvantages are outlined. In particular we describe example-based methods, stereo methods, video-based methods and silhouette-based methods. The issue of performance evaluation of 3D face reconstruction algorithms, the state of the art and future trends are also discussed.
Critical role of Ras in the proliferation and prevention of apoptosis mediated by IL-2 (1996)

Activation of the Ras small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins upon IL-2 stimulation of T lymphocytes has been described previously. However, the relevance of the Ras molecules in the cellular events triggered by IL-2 still remained to be clarified. To analyze the effects of Ras inhibition in early proliferative responses to IL-2, we have transiently expressed a Ras dominant negative mutant carrying a point mutation in codon 17 (Ser17Asn or N17) under a tetracycline-controlled expression system. We have found that Ras has a crucial role in both proliferation and prevention of apoptosis through IL-2R, while IL-4 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by Ras-independent signals. The use of flow cytometry has allowed us to correlate the effects in proliferation and apoptosis with the expression level of the Ras mutant among the transfected population. Furthermore, the availability of a murine T cell line that can be maintained independently in the presence of IL-2 or IL-4 has provided specificity controls, since IL-4 does not trigger Ras activation.
Different kinetic in incorporation and depletion of n−3 fatty acids in erythrocytes and leukocytes of mice (2006)

n-3 PUFA are well known for their anti-inflammatory effects. However, there has been only limited study on the kinetics of incorporation and depletion of n-3 PUFA in immune cells. In the present study we investigated the incorporation and depletion of n-3 PUFA in erythrocytes and leukocytes in mice during a 6-wk feeding period. Over the first 3-wk period (the incorporation period) the mice were fed a special diet with a high n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio. In the following 3-wk period (the depletion period) the mice were fed a standard chow diet. A linear increase of the concentration of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membranes was observed during the incorporation period, whereas a stagnation was observed after the second week for leukocytes. The level of EPA did not fall to the background level after the depletion period, and the level of DHA was kept almost constant during the depletion period in the erythrocyte membranes. In leukocytes the concentration of both EPA and DHA decreased during the depletion period, but did not reach the background level after the 3-wk depletion. In conclusion, the kinetics of EPA and DHA in the different cells are different. The rate of incorporation is faster than that of depletion for n-3 PUFA. More n-3 PUFA can be incorporated into leukocytes in comparison with erythrocytes. The ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFA is more important than the amount of n-3 FA in changing the FA compositions of membrane lipids.
Real-World Flash Glucose Monitoring in a Developing Country (2018)

Previous studies showed results of flash glucose monitoring (FreeStyle LibreTM) in European countries. This study evaluated real-world impact of device use and glucose metrics using a cross-sectional observational design in a developing country - Brazil. A server collected de-identified data from readers, and completed sensors (&amp;gt;120 hours of operation) were analysed. Comparison of 1,569,588 sensors (237,747 readers) worldwide were made with 57,713 sensors (8,979 readers) from Brazil. Readers were divided into 10 rank-ordered groups by daily scan rate. Users worldwide performed a mean (±SD) of 13.2±8.9 daily glucose scans and a rate of 13.5±9.1/day in Brazil (p=0.002). Time in range (70-180 mg/dL) increased from 13.5 to 16.2 h/day (20% increase, p&amp;lt;0.001) comparing the lowest and highest scan groups in Brazil, with a similar association worldwide (12.0 to 16.3 h/day; 35% increase; p&amp;lt;0.001). Time in hyperglycemia decreased from 10.6 to 6.4 h/day (40% decrease, p&amp;lt;0.001) comparing low with high frequency users worldwide. Brazil users had a similar decrease, though the lowest scan group was 90-minutes lower (9.2 and 6.4 h/day; 30% decrease; p&amp;lt;0.001). Similar daily scan rates were observed in Brazil and worldwide, and those users having the highest daily scans also had the most time in range and least time in hyperglycemia. This is the first study showing that a developing country in Latin America can also benefit from flash glucose monitoring. Disclosure L.P. Calliari: Board Member; Self; Abbott. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Board Member; Self; Sanofi. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Medtronic, Roche Diagnostics Corporation. Board Member; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Y. Xu: Employee; Self; Abbott. S. Jangam: Employee; Self; Abbott. G. Hayter: Employee; Self; Abbott. T. Dunn: Employee; Self; Abbott.
Radiotherapy-induced Cherenkov luminescence imaging in a human body phantom (2018)

Radiation therapy produces Cherenkov optical emission in tissue, and this light can be utilized to activate molecular probes. The feasibility of sensing luminescence from a tissue molecular oxygen sensor from within a human body phantom was examined using the geometry of the axillary lymph node region. Detection of regions down to 30-mm deep was feasible with submillimeter spatial resolution with the total quantity of the phosphorescent sensor PtG4 near 1 nanomole. Radiation sheet scanning in an epi-illumination geometry provided optimal coverage, and maximum intensity projection images provided illustration of the concept. This work provides the preliminary information needed to attempt this type of imaging in vivo.
Development and Evaluation of a Flow Measurement Device for Cotton Yield Mapping (2001)

An optically-based cotton flow rate measurement system was developed for site-specificyield assessment applications. The final design was field tested in Tennessee duringthree harvest seasons. Performance was evaluated by harvesting loads of cotton, integratingflow rate measurements over time to obtain predicted total mass for each load, and comparingthe predicted values with actual mass measurements acquired with scales. Integrated flow ratemeasurements consistently predicted actual load masses with a mean error magnitude of 4.0percent for all of the loads harvested during the tests. Performance degradation due to debrisaccumulation on sensor faces was not observed, even though the sensors were never cleanedduring any of the harvest seasons. A subset of test data was analyzed to determine howchanging field conditions affected system performance. Average cotton flow rate, cottonmoisture content, and the amount of time elapsed since last system calibration had nosignificant effect on load prediction errors, however cotton variety did significantly affect systemperformance. Results suggest that the system calibration should be checked when the varietybeing harvested changes, as an additional calibration may be necessary for optimum results.
Demonstration of Brillouin Distributed Discrimination of Strain and Temperature Using a Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fiber (2010)

Distributed discrimination of strain and temperature is demonstrated by localizing both the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and the dynamic acoustic grating generated in the SBS process in a polarization-maintaining fiber with a correlation-domain continuous-wave technique. A 12- ¿¿ strain resolution and 0.3°C temperature resolution together with a 10-cm spatial resolution are experimentally validated.
Heuristics Evaluation and Improvements for Low-Cost Virtual Reality (2017)

The User Centered Design methodology consists of an iterative cycle of analysis, ideation, prototyping, and evaluation. In this context, heuristic evaluations are valuable tools to identify usability problems in an interface from the earliest stages of design. However, there are few well-defined heuristics for Virtual Environments. Based on this, the objective of this research is to verify and improve two heuristic evaluations, one proposed by Sutcliff and Gault [33] and other by Rusu et al [29], with both applied for Virtual Reality environments in the context of devices as the Google Cardboard. In order to reach this goal, a case study was conducted based on two games, using the "Supernatural: the origin" for the heuristics of Sutcliff and Gault, and for the heuristics of Rusu et al. the game "Lamper VR: Firefly Rescue" was used. The heuristics evaluation was performed through an adapted SUS (Scale Usability System). From the obtained results, it was possible to elaborate a list of recommendations and improvements based on the reported errors, as a way to obtain more consistent heuristics. As for recommendations that have emerged, it is possible to highlight that "context" and "objective" of the applications are very relevant items to observe and "application characteristics" like movement freedom or configuration options cannot be applied as universal rules.
Mechanistic differences between methanol and dimethyl ether carbonylation in side pockets and large channels of mordenite (2011)

The activity and selectivity towards carbonylation presented by Brønsted acid sites located inside the 8MR pockets or in the main 12MR channels of mordenite is studied by means of quantum-chemical calculations, and the mechanistic differences between methanol and DME carbonylation are investigated. The selectivity towards carbonylation is higher inside the 8MR pockets, where the competitive formation of DME and hydrocarbons that finally leads to catalyst deactivation is sterically impeded. Moreover, inclusion of dispersion interactions in the calculations leads to agreement between the calculated activation barriers for the rate determining step and the experimentally observed higher reactivity of methoxy groups located inside the 8MR channels.
Optimization of Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) Thin Films Fabricated by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) for Microwave-Tunable Devices (2015)

Abstract : An introductory overview of commonly employed deposition methods for strontium titanate (STO) thin films with previously achieved dielectric properties is presented. For the US Army Research Laboratorys Gen 2 complex oxide metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) system, STO thin films were grown on a platinized silicon substrate, Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si, or PtSi. All STO films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Studies of mass flow rates and total gas flow rates were performed to investigate their respective roles in the resulting STO film characteristics. Our work demonstrated a significant increase in the quality of the optimized STO thin films with respect to STO films grown prior to the MOCVD hardware and growth parameter modifications. Optimized STO films had a tunability of 20%, a dielectric constant of 200, and loss tangent of less than 1% at 100 kHz.
On the In-Pipe Measurements of Acoustic Signature of Leaks in Water Pipelines (2012)

Identification and localization of leaks in water pipelines using acoustic methods have been utilized for many years. Most of the existing acoustic leak detection techniques rely on external measurements of sound emitted from the turbulent jet of water escaping the pipe. Direct acoustic measurements via hydrophones, which travel inside the pipe with the flow, have been recently addressed as a viable complementary leak detection technique. This paper presents an experimental investigation that addresses the feasibility and potential of inpipe acoustic measurements for leak detection. An experimental water pipe circuit was constructed to permit different line pressures, flow rates and leak sizes. The leak acoustic signature was acquired at different proximities from the leak port for variations of the line parameters. The acquired acoustic signals are processed and analyzed to access the feasibility and point out the limitations of invoking in-pipe measurements for leak detection.