gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GPS Anti-Jam: A Simple Method of Single Antenna Null-Steering for Aerial Applications (2015)

In this paper we introduce a backward compatible single antenna design for GPS jam mitigation on aircraft. Similar to our prior work in spoof detection [1], this anti-jam antenna requires no additional signal processing at the receiver, and it fits into the form-factor of a standard GPS antenna. There are two primary modes of operation. During the default mode, the antenna performs comparable to standard GPS antennas. During the jam mitigation mode, null steering toward the optimal azimuthal direction will generally provide greater than 10 dB of broadband signal suppression from the antenna horizon to an elevation angle about 45? below the horizon, along that azimuthal 2-D cut.

Most antenna systems that provide such broadband and wide angle jam suppression, rely on multi-antenna structures that span over a wavelengths in size, permitting the simultaneous reception of a single incident waveform at multiple phase fronts. These received signals are phase coherent components of the incident waveform. With the insertion of the appropriate phase shift, they can be combined to obtain constructive and destructive interference, thus steering the array’s radiation beam or null in the desired direction, as can be seen schematically in Fig. 1a.

In fact, our proposed antenna is very similar. However, instead of introducing new dedicated antenna infrastructure, we reuse the (already very necessary) body of the airplane fuselage. Specifically, the conductive body of the airplane will permit the simultaneous reception of the single incident waveform at multiple phase fronts, as can be seen in Fig. 1b. However, instead of the received signals terminating at the receive ports of a multi-antenna array, the signals received by the body of the aircraft will induce surface currents on the exterior of the aircraft, some of which will eventually reach the antenna. Our proposed antenna design will permit the reception of two signals that are phase coherent components of a single incident waveform, when that waveform is originating from below the airplane’s horizon. Similar to the concept of a large multiantenna system, with the insertion of the appropriate phase shift, the signals can be combined to obtain destructive in terference, steering a radiation null in the desired direction. Note, that this technique applies to waveforms (of any arbitrary polarization) that are originating from beneath the horizon of the aircraft, and as such, they are deemed undesirable signals that we wish to nullify. Waveforms originating from above the horizon of the aircraft are largely unaffected by this technique.
Use of Social Collaboration Tools in an Organisation (2016)

In this Master’s thesis I studied a global company’s social collaboration tool user preferences and usefulness. In this study I’ve scrutinized previous studies about social collaboration tools, choosing the tools and employee networks.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe research material was gathered by interviewing a group of active and a group of random social collaboration tool users. The user preferences of these two social collaboration tool user groups were compared, and conclusions were made about how to get the random users to utilize the social collaboration tools more.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn addition to this the current situation regarding the social collaboration tools in the company was examined: Are some type of tools missing? Are there useless tools in use? What type of tools are the most important? Suggestions are made in this study how to develop the social collaboration tools in the company.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe conclusion is that the introduction to the use of the tools should be included as an integral part in the orientation program of new employees in the company, as well as guidelines for existing users should be promoted. In addition the tools should be constantly developed more functional, they should be integrated together better, and managerial support for social collaboration tools should be seamless in the organization.&#13;\n&#13;\nLastly special emphasis should be placed on the promotion of the most popular social collaboration tool, as it is the tool that the greater part of social collaboration tools use.
Towards high energy density sodium ion batteries through electrolyte optimization (2013)

A comprehensive study is reported entailing optimization of sodium ion electrolyte formulation and compatibility studies with positive and negative electrode materials. EC:PC:DMC and EC:PC:DME were found to exhibit optimum ionic conductivities and lower viscosities. Yet, hard carbon negative electrode materials tested in such electrolytes exhibit significant differences in performance, rooted in the different resistivity of the SEI, which results in too large polarization and concomitant loss of capacity at low potentials when DME is used as a co-solvent. EC0.45:PC0.45:DMC0.1 was found to be the optimum composition resulting in good rate capability and high capacity upon sustained cycling for hard carbon electrodes. Its compatibility with positive Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) electrodes was also confirmed, which led to the assembly of full Na-ion cells displaying an operation voltage of 3.65 V, very low polarisation and excellent capacity retention upon cycling with ca. 97 mA h g−1 of NVPF after more than 120 cycles together with satisfactory coulombic efficiency (>98.5%) and very good power performance. Such values lead to energy densities comparable to those of the current state-of-the-art lithium-ion technology.
Example of the spatiotemporally complex oscillatory dynamics associated with verb processing (2011)

Spatial pattern of power changes in different frequency bands at successive times in response to verb presentation in subject A (see Figure A for electrode locations on MRI rendering and methods for MNI coordinates). Red indicates power increase and blue indicates power decrease. HG activity along the STG and STS has an early, strong onset, and in this subject is accompanied by activation of premotor regions. An initial beta power decrease occurs at and surrounding regions of strong HG activity, but note the late (850–975 ms) beta power increase over motor areas. Theta power shows a transient power decrease over premotor/frontal areas (350–725 ms) and a late onset power increase over the inferior parietal lobule (e.g., 600–975 ms). Delta activity is late and spatially diffuse over prefrontal and middle temporal regions. Note that power changes in different frequency bands are active in overlapping but distinct cortical territories, and show distinct temporal patterns of onset, duration, and offset.<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Word Processing in the Human Brain"Frontiers in Neuroscience 2007;1(1):185-196.Published online Jan 2007PMCID:PMC2518055.
Diagnosability of Keratoconus Using Deep Learning With Placido Disk-Based Corneal Topography (2021)

<b>Purpose:</b> Placido disk-based corneal topography is still most commonly used in daily practice. This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnosability of keratoconus using deep learning of a color-coded map with Placido disk-based corneal topography. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively examined 179 keratoconic eyes [Grade 1 (54 eyes), 2 (52 eyes), 3 (23 eyes), and 4 (50 eyes), according to the Amsler-Krumeich classification], and 170 age-matched healthy eyes, with good quality images of corneal topography measured with a Placido disk corneal topographer (TMS-4<sup>TM</sup>, Tomey). Using deep learning of a color-coded map, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, for keratoconus screening and staging tests, in these eyes. <b>Results:</b> Deep learning of color-coded maps exhibited an accuracy of 0.966 (sensitivity 0.988, specificity 0.944) in discriminating keratoconus from normal eyes. It also exhibited an accuracy of 0.785 (0.911 for Grade 1, 0.868 for Grade 2, 0.920 for Grade 3, and 0.905 for Grade 4) in classifying the stage. The area under the curve value was 0.997, 0.955, 0.899, 0.888, and 0.943 as Grade 0 (normal) to 4 grading tests, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Deep learning using color-coded maps with conventional corneal topography effectively distinguishes between keratoconus and normal eyes and classifies the grade of the disease, indicating that this will become an aid for enhancing the diagnosis and staging ability of keratoconus in a clinical setting.
Growth factor functionalized biomaterial for drug delivery and tissue regeneration (2017)

Elastin like polypeptides (ELPs) are a class of naturally derived and non-immunogenic biomaterials that are widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering. ELPs undergo temperature-mediated inverse phase transitioning, which allows them to be purified in a relatively simple manner from bacterial expression hosts. Being able to genetically encode ELPs allows for the incorporation of bioactive peptides thereby functionalizing them. Here we report the synthesis of a biologically active epidermal growth factor-ELP (EGF-ELP) fusion protein that could aid in wound healing. EGF plays a crucial role in wound healing by inducing cell proliferation and migration. The use of exogenous EGF has seen success in the treatment of acute wounds, but has seen relatively minimal success in chronic wounds because the method of delivery does not prevent it from diffusing away from the application site. Our data shows that EGF-ELP retained the biological activity of EGF and the phase transitioning property of ELP. Furthermore, the ability of the EGF-ELP to self-assemble near physiological temperatures could allow for the formation of drug depots at the wound site and minimize diffusion, increasing the bioavailability of EGF and enhancing tissue regeneration.
The Natural History and Composition of Urinary Catheter Biofilms: Early Uropathogen Colonization with Intraluminal and Distal Predominance (2019)

The catheter balloon, its distal aspect and its lumen were the predominant locations of biofilm comprising uropathogenic bacteria. Strategies to prevent or treat biofilm should be targeted to these areas.
Deferasirox induces regression of iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (2009)

Our data show that treatment with deferasirox is a reasonable approach to counteract iron overload in patients with MDS.
Diversity of mutated antigen recognition by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with metastatic melanoma (2015)

Meeting abstracts The adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate durable, complete tumor regression in approximately 20% of patients with metastatic melanoma. Recent observations suggest that autologous melanoma TIL administered to multiple patients
Development of a Novel Long-Lived ImmunoPET Tracer for Monitoring Lymphoma Therapy in a Humanized Transgenic Mouse Model (2012)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an attractive imaging tool to localize and quantify tracer biodistribution. ImmunoPET with an intact mAb typically requires two to four days to achieve optimized tumor-to-normal ratios. Thus, a positron emitter with a half-life of two to four days such as zirconium-89 [(89)Zr] (t1/2: 78.4 h) is ideal. We have developed an antibody-based, long-lived immunoPET tracer (89)Zr-Desferrioxamine-p-SCN (Df-Bz-NCS)-rituximab (Zr-iPET) to image tumor for longer durations in a humanized CD20-expressing transgenic mouse model. To optimize the radiolabeling efficiency of (89)Zr with Df-Bz-rituximab, multiple radiolabelings were performed. Radiochemical yield, purity, immunoreactivity, and stability assays were carried out to characterize the Zr-iPET for chemical and biological integrity. This tracer was used to image transgenic mice that express the human CD20 on their B cells (huCD20TM). Each huCD20TM mouse received a 7.4 MBq/dose. One group (n = 3) received a 2 mg/kg predose (blocking) of cold rituximab 2 h prior to (89)Zr-iPET; the other group (n = 3) had no predose (nonblocking). Small animal PET/CT was used to image mice at 1, 4, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h. Quality assurance of the (89)Zr-iPET demonstrated NCS-Bz-Df: antibody ratio (c/a: 1.5 ± 0.31), specific activity (0.44-1.64 TBq/mol), radiochemical yield (>70%), and purity (>98%). The Zr-iPET immunoreactivity was >80%. At 120 h, Zr-iPET uptake (% ID/g) as mean ± STD for blocking and nonblocking groups in spleen was 3.2 ± 0.1% and 83.3 ± 2.0% (p value <0.0013.). Liver uptake was 1.32 ± 0.05% and 0.61 ± 0.001% (p value <0.0128) for blocking and nonblocking, respectively. The small animal PET/CT image shows the spleen specific uptake of Zr-iPET in mice at 120 h after tracer injection. Compared to the liver, the spleen specific uptake of Zr-iPET is very high due to the expression of huCD20. We optimized the radiolabeling efficiency of (89)Zr with Df-Bz-rituximab. These radioimmunoconjugate lots were stable up to 5 days in serum in vitro. The present study showed that (89)Zr is well-suited for mAbs to image cancer over an extended period of time (up to 5 days).
Performance of sodium-beta alumina solid electrolyte in Na/S cells (1981)

The performance of sodium-beta alumina type solid electrolytes is limited by degradation. Two different modes of degradation are discussed. Mode I involves the well studied current focusing on a pre-existing surface flaw; Mode II involves internal sodium precipitation and possible microfracture. The second mode can be activated when a gradient in transport number ratios has been created by chemical reduction of the electrolyte by the sodium electrode. The implications of the degradation for cell operation are discussed. 9 refs.
Generation of coherent, femtosecond, X-ray pulses in the "water window" (1998)

We report experimental and theoretical results on high-harmonic generation with 25-fs laser excitation pulses. The shortest wavelength we observe, at 2.7 nm, is well within the "water window" region of X-ray transmission. In the case of all the noble gases, we obtain excellent agreement between theoretical predictions for the highest harmonic photon energy generated and our experimental observations. We also obtain excellent agreement between theory and experiment for the highest photon energy generated as a function of laser pulsewidth between 25 and 100 fs. Finally, we observe that the individual harmonic peaks near the cutoff are well resolved for positively chirped pump pulses, but are unresolved in the case of negatively chirped excitation pulses.
Molecular beam study of the dissociative chemisorption of oxygen on W(110) (1986)

Molecular beam techniques have been used to study the dissociative chemisorption of oxygen on W(110). Chemisorption probabilities have been measured as a function of incidence angle, θi kinetic energy, Ei , and of surface coverage and temperature. In addition, angular scattering distributions have been measured for a range of conditions, and LEED has been used to examine surface structure. Sticking probabilities are determined as a function of coverage from the time dependence of reflected beam intensities, using Auger electron spectroscopy and LEED to calibrate the surface coverage. The initial (zero coverage limit) sticking probability is found to depend strongly on the incidence energy, scaling with En=Ei cos2 θi . This probability is ∼10% at En=0.1 eV, rising to essentially unity above En=0.4 eV. In most cases, the sticking probability is found to fall roughly linearly with increasing surface coverage. However, a less rapid falloff is observed for En≥1 eV and for En≤0.03 eV; the sticking probability actually rises with increasing coverage, reaching a maximum at ∼0.2 ML. For En≤0.3 eV, the chemisorption probability falls to &amp;lt;3% for a coverage of ∼0.5 ML; however, this apparent saturation coverage rises in a smooth step to 0.75 ML at ∼0.25 eV and to ∼1.0 ML in another step centered at ∼0.85 eV. These ‘‘favored’’ coverages of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 ML are found to be associated with p(2×1), p(2×2), and p(1×1) LEED patterns, respectively. Angular scattering distributions recorded with a differentially pumped rotatable mass spectrometer revealed predominantly quasispecular peaks. The energy dependence of the sticking probability and the observed falloff of the sticking probability with increasing coverage are not compatible with a classical precursor model, although such a process may indeed dominate for near-zero incidence energies at low surface temperatures.
Reduced knee joint loading with lateral and medial wedge insoles for management of knee osteoarthritis: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2014)

NCT02067208.
Marijuana: Judgement can preclude an honest dialogue in healthcare (2018)

There are some topics in which medicine has a more cohesive and consistent message, but thus far, my experiences in medical school have suggested that marijuana isn’t one of them. For some, it’s a harmless drug with tremendous potential and for others, comparable to opioids.The discussions between physicians and patients regarding marijuana can be strongly influenced by ideologies in either direction, potentially undermining our ability to have an honest dialogue with patients. I explored this discussion through a combination of personal experiences in medical education and by sharing terminology and concepts that may be valuable in a patient-physician dialogue.
Multi-frequency Data Parallel Spin Wave Logic Gates (2021)

By their very nature, spin waves (SWs) with different frequencies can propagate through the same waveguide, while mostly interfering with their own species. Therefore, more SW encoded data sets can coexist, propagate, and interact in parallel, which opens the road toward hardware replication-free parallel data processing. In this article, we take advantage of these features and propose a novel data parallel SW-based computing approach. To explain and validate the proposed concept, byte-wide 2-input XOR and 3-input majority gates are implemented and validated by means of Object-Oriented MicroMagnetic Framework (OOMMF) simulations. Furthermore, we introduce an optimization algorithm meant to minimize the area overhead associated with multifrequency operation and demonstrate that it diminishes the byte-wide gate area by 30% and 41% for XOR and majority implementations, respectively. To get inside on the practical implications of our proposal, we compare the byte-wide gates with conventional functionally equivalent scalar SW gate-based implementations in terms of area, delay, and power consumption. Our results indicate that the area optimized 8-bit 2-input XOR and 3-input majority gates require 4.47x and 4.16x less area, respectively, at the expense of 5% and 7% delay increase, respectively, without inducing any power consumption overhead. Finally, we discuss factors that are limiting the currently achievable parallelism to 8 for phase-based gate output detection and demonstrate by means of OOMMF simulations that this can be increased 16 for threshold-based detection-based gates.
Thermostability, Tunability, and Tenacity of RNA as Rubbery Anionic Polymeric Materials in Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine—Specific Cancer Targeting with Undetectable Toxicity (2021)

RNA nanotechnology is the bottom-up self-assembly of nanometer-scale architectures, resembling LEGOs, composed mainly of RNA. The ideal building material should be (1) versatile and controllable in shape and stoichiometry, (2) spontaneously self-assemble, and (3) thermodynamically, chemically, and enzymatically stable with a long shelf life. RNA building blocks exhibit each of the above. RNA is a polynucleic acid, making it a polymer, and its negative-charge prevents nonspecific binding to negatively charged cell membranes. The thermostability makes it suitable for logic gates, resistive memory, sensor set-ups, and NEM devices. RNA can be designed and manipulated with a level of simplicity of DNA while displaying versatile structure and enzyme activity of proteins. RNA can fold into single-stranded loops or bulges to serve as mounting dovetails for intermolecular or domain interactions without external linking dowels. RNA nanoparticles display rubber- and amoeba-like properties and are stretchable and shrinkable through multiple repeats, leading to enhanced tumor targeting and fast renal excretion to reduce toxicities. It was predicted in 2014 that RNA would be the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development. The recent approval of several RNA drugs and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines by FDA suggests that this milestone is being realized. Here, we review the unique properties of RNA nanotechnology, summarize its recent advancements, describe its distinct attributes inside or outside the body and discuss potential applications in nanotechnology, medicine, and material science.
Exposure of Sires to Enflurane Affects Learning Function of Murine Progeny (1984)

Four 11-week-old white Swiss Webster male mice were exposed to 2% enflurane in oxygen for 4 hr/day on 5 alternate days. Eight days later each male was mated with 2 females. There was a 20% loss of offspring due to stillbirths. A total of 24 pups survived (group E). At the age of 7 weeks the learning function of group E mice was tested in a Rosensweig maze and compared to that of 24 pups born to sires similarly exposed to oxygen alone (group C). Pups from group E performed statistically significantly slower than group C pups. After animals had been tested for 10 alternate days, there was no further change in performance in either group over the next 10 weeks. Thus changes of the reproductive cells of male mice caused by exposure to enflurane adversely affect the learning function of their offspring.
Integrated-optic interconnects and fiber-optic WDM data links based on volume holography (1991)

This paper presents recent developments in volume holography, applicable to chip-to-chip, board-to-board, and processor-to-processor multiwavelength wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) interconnects (and data links) from both subsystem and component points of view.
P093: From involved- field to involved-node – Quality analysis of the radiation therapy in HD 17 by the expert panel of the German Hodgkin Study Group (2022)

Question: The use of radiotherapy (RT) for intermediate-stage Hodgkin lymphoma is discussed vividly. The HD17 trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) evaluated the value of consolidative involved-node (IN)RT for patients with PET-positivity after chemotherapy and enabled a comparison between INRT and involved-field (IF)RT [1]. The present work analyzes the quality of the performed RT. Methods/Material: For quality assessment, all INRT-plans in the HD 17 trial were requested and compared to a random selection of IFRT-cases in the standard arm. The RT was assessed by experts of the radiation therapy panel of the GHSG using initial (staging) imaging, RT plans and the recommendation forms by the reference radiation oncology. Evaluation was graded as „correct“, „minor deviation“ or „major deviation“. Statistical analyses were per-formed using a chi-square test in SPSS (version 27/28, IBM, NY, USA). Results: In total, 178 patients (INRT: 136, IFRT: 42) were analyzed, treated with a median RT dose of 30 Gy (IFRT: 18–30.6 Gy, INRT: 14 Gy-40 Gy). The majority (76.5 %) of INRT-cases showed no deviation compared to 69.1 % of IFRT-cases. Deviations were reported for 9.6 % and 14.0 % of patients in the INRT-group compared to 11.9 % and 19.1 % in the IFRT-group for minor and major deviations, respectively. There was no significant difference between both cohorts regarding the percentage of plans with deviations (p=0.333) or the percentage of major deviations (p=0.423). The principal causes for major deviations were too narrow target volumens in the involved region (IFRT: 6 vs. INRT: 1) or incorrect RT doses (IFRT: 1, INRT: 2). Conclusion: The performed INRT was delineated and planned correctly in most cases and reveals a high degree of quality. There has been no decline in RT-planning in comparison to IFRT. Continuous education is pivotal to enable high-quality INRT outside of clinical trials. Literature 1.Lancet Oncol. 2021 Feb;22(2):223-234.