gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Alcohol and Acetaldehyde Metabolism by a Mixture of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Species in Human (2021)

Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alcohol is oxidized to toxic and carcinogenic acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and further oxidized to a non-toxic acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). There are two major ALDH isoforms, cytosolic and mitochondrial, encoded by <i>ALDH1</i> and <i>ALDH2</i> genes, respectively. The <i>ALDH2</i> polymorphism is associated with flushing response to alcohol use. Emerging evidence shows that <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species encode alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) mediate alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism, respectively. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial was designed to study the effects of <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> <i>probiotic mixture</i> in humans and assessed their effects on alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Here, twenty-seven wild types (<i>ALDH2*1/*1</i>) and the same number of heterozygotes (<i>ALDH2*2/*1</i>) were recruited for the study. The enrolled participants were randomly divided into either the probiotic (Duolac ProAP4) or the placebo group. Each group received a probiotic or placebo capsule for 15 days with subsequent crossover. Primary outcomes were measurement of alcohol and acetaldehyde in the blood after the alcohol intake. Blood levels of alcohol and acetaldehyde were significantly downregulated by probiotic supplementation in subjects with <i>ALDH2*2/*1</i> genotype, but not in those with <i>ALDH2*1/*1</i> genotype. However, there were no marked improvements in hangover score parameters between test and placebo groups. No clinically significant changes were observed in safety parameters. These results suggest that Duolac ProAP4 has a potential to downregulate the alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations, and their effects depend on the presence or absence of polymorphism on the <i>ALDH2</i> gene.
The efficacy of pregabalin for treating pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (2018)

Pregabalin significantly improved pain and sleep quality, without a clinically meaningful difference between diabetes types. ClinicalTrial.gov registration: NCT00156078, NCT00159679, NCT00143156, NCT00553475.
Development of analysis mesh generator using multi resolution mesh model (2004)

We have developed an appearance-design-CAD-coupled simulation framework that will enable engineers to perform analysis simulations during the appearance design process. This is not only a prototype process, but also the most innovative product design process to date. We applied multi-resolution representation technology to an automatic mesh generation system, in order to obtain low-resolution analysis meshes from high-resolution appearance design meshes. Because engineers are able to design appearance and function all at once, we can eliminate redesigns caused by design defects in the original function design process.
Multi-Connectivity in Mobile Networks: Challenges and Benefits (2021)

Satisfying the stringent 5G quality of service requirements necessitates efficient resource utilization by mobile networks. Consequently, we argue that multi-connectivity (MC) is an effective solution to leverage the limited radio resources from multiple base stations in order to enhance user throughput, provide seamless connectivity, and increase data reliability. For this, we study different MC architectures, where distinct network entities and protocol layers are used to split or aggregate the user traffic. The benefits and challenges of MC are analyzed as well as the open issues that network/device vendors and mobile network operators have to address for its use. Finally, through experimental evaluations, we illustrate the importance of MC design decisions for overall network performance.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Extracellular Vesicles Modulate the Glioblastoma Microenvironment via a Tumor Suppression Signaling Network Directed by miR-1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 133K, FIGURE S5 related to FIGURE 6. Effect of miR-1 on GBM-derived EVs protein cargo.&lt;/p&gt;
Hardware-efficient random circuits to classify noise in a multi-qubit system (2021)

In this work we extend a multi-qubit benchmarking technique known as the Binned Output Generation (BOG) in order to discriminate between coherent and incoherent noise sources in the multi-qubit regime. While methods exist to discriminate coherent from incoherent noise at the single and few-qubit level, these methods scale poorly beyond a few qubits or must make assumptions about the form of the noise. On the other end of the spectrum, system-level benchmarking techniques exist, but fail to discriminate between coherent and incoherent noise sources. We experimentally verify the BOG against Randomized Benchmarking (RB) (the industry standard benchmarking technique) in the two-qubit regime, then apply this technique to a six qubit linear chain, a regime currently inaccessible to RB. In this experiment we inject an instantaneous coherent Z-type noise on each qubit and demonstrate that the measured coherent noise scales correctly with the magnitude of the injected noise, while the measured incoherent noise remains unchanged as expected. This demonstrates a robust technique to measure coherent errors in a variety of hardware.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Purine 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐2′,3′‐difluoro‐D‐arabinofuranosyl Nucleosides. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Deleterious Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Human Pancreatic Cells (2021)

COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 154 million people worldwide and caused more than 3.2 million deaths. It is transmitted by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and affects the respiratory tract as well as extra-pulmonary systems, including the pancreas, that express the virus entry receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Importantly, the endocrine and exocrine pancreas, the latter composed of ductal and acinar cells, express high levels of ACE2, which correlates to impaired functionality characterized as acute pancreatitis observed in some cases presenting with COVID-19. Since acute pancreatitis is already one of the most frequent gastrointestinal causes of hospitalization in the U.S. and the majority of studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the pancreas are clinical and observational, we utilized human iPSC technology to investigate the potential deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures containing endocrine and exocrine cells. Interestingly, iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures allow SARS-CoV-2 entry and establish infection, thus perturbing their normal molecular and cellular phenotypes. The infection increased a key cytokine, CXCL12, known to be involved in inflammatory responses in the pancreas. Transcriptome analysis of infected pancreatic cultures confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the ribosomal machinery in these cells. Notably, the SARS-CoV-2 infectivity of the pancreas was confirmed in post-mortem tissues from COVID-19 patients, which showed co-localization of SARS-CoV-2 in pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells and increased the expression of some pancreatic ductal stress response genes. Thus, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect human iPSC-derived pancreatic cells with strong supporting evidence of presence of the virus in post-mortem pancreatic tissue of confirmed COVID-19 human cases. This novel model of iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures will open new avenues for the comprehension of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially establish a platform for endocrine and exocrine pancreas-specific antiviral drug screening.
Data from Phosphoprotein Pathway Mapping: Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Activation Is Negatively Associated with Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma Survival (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mapping of protein signaling networks within tumors can identify new targets for therapy and provide a means to stratify patients for individualized therapy. Despite advances in combination chemotherapy, the overall survival for childhood rhabdomyosarcoma remains ∼60%. A critical goal is to identify functionally important protein signaling defects associated with treatment failure for the 40% nonresponder cohort. Here, we show, by phosphoproteomic network analysis of microdissected tumor cells, that interlinked components of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway exhibited increased levels of phosphorylation for tumors of patients with short-term survival. Specimens (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 59) were obtained from the Children's Oncology Group Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) IV, D9502 and D9803, with 12-year follow-up. High phosphorylation levels were associated with poor overall and poor disease-free survival: Akt Ser&lt;sup&gt;473&lt;/sup&gt; (overall survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001, recurrence-free survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0009), 4EBP1 Thr&lt;sup&gt;37/46&lt;/sup&gt; (overall survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0110, recurrence-free survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0106), eIF4G Ser&lt;sup&gt;1108&lt;/sup&gt; (overall survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0017, recurrence-free survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0072), and p70S6 Thr&lt;sup&gt;389&lt;/sup&gt; (overall survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0085, recurrence-free survival &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0296). Moreover, the findings support an altered interrelationship between the insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) and Akt/mTOR pathway proteins (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0027) for tumors from patients with poor survival. The functional significance of this pathway was tested using CCI-779 in a mouse xenograft model. CCI-779 suppressed phosphorylation of mTOR downstream proteins and greatly reduced the growth of two different rhabdomyosarcoma (RD embryonal &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00008; Rh30 alveolar &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0002) cell lines compared with controls. These results suggest that phosphoprotein mapping of the Akt/mTOR pathway should be studied further as a means to select patients to receive mTOR/IRS pathway inhibitors before administration of chemotherapy. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):3431–40]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Optical High Content Nanoscopy of Epigenetic Marks Decodes Phenotypic Divergence in Stem Cells (2017)

While distinct stem cell phenotypes follow global changes in chromatin marks, single-cell chromatin technologies are unable to resolve or predict stem cell fates. We propose the first such use of optical high content nanoscopy of histone epigenetic marks (epi-marks) in stem cells to classify emergent cell states. By combining nanoscopy with epi-mark textural image informatics, we developed a novel approach, termed EDICTS (Epi-mark Descriptor Imaging of Cell Transitional States), to discern chromatin organizational changes, demarcate lineage gradations across a range of stem cell types and robustly track lineage restriction kinetics. We demonstrate the utility of EDICTS by predicting the lineage progression of stem cells cultured on biomaterial substrates with graded nanotopographies and mechanical stiffness, thus parsing the role of specific biophysical cues as sensitive epigenetic drivers. We also demonstrate the unique power of EDICTS to resolve cellular states based on epi-marks that cannot be detected via mass spectrometry based methods for quantifying the abundance of histone post-translational modifications. Overall, EDICTS represents a powerful new methodology to predict single cell lineage decisions by integrating high content super-resolution nanoscopy and imaging informatics of the nuclear organization of epi-marks.
Characterization of penetrant interactions in Kapton polyimide using a gravimetric sorption technique (1982)

Abstract Sorption of pure anhydrous ammonia and pure sulfur dioxide in Kapton polymide has been measured at 30 and 35°C at subatmospheric pressures using a McBain quartz spring balance. The sulfur dioxide sorption and desorption was well described by the Fickian transport model; however, the ammonia sorption exhibited significant deviations from Fickian behavior. A substantial fraction of the initially sorbed ammonia remained in the film after extended periods under vacuum at 35°C. Infrared analysis of the treated film revealed the presence of new carbonyl and nitrogen–hydrogen stretching peaks characteristic of primary and secondary amides. These observations suggest that the ammonia reacts chemically with some of the imide linkages. Based on infrared analysis of the ammonia‐exposed Kapton, heating the sample under vacuum at 120°C caused re‐formation of most of the orginally disturbed imide structures, with attendant evolution of ammonia as a condensation product.
Endomorphin‐1 induced desensitization and down‐regulation of the recombinant μ‐opioid receptor (2000)

1. Endomorphin-1 (E1) is a peptide with high affinity and selectivity for the mu-opioid receptor. The aim of this study was to determine if endomorphin-1 caused desensitization and down-regulation of the mu-opioid receptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. 2. Following 10 microM E1 pre-treatment, desensitization was assessed by measuring cyclic AMP inhibition, down-regulation was assessed by [(3)H]-diprenorphine ([(3)H]-DPN) binding and immuno-blotting. 3. Pre-treatment of CHO mu cells with 10 microM E1 for 11 and 18 h caused significant reduction in cyclic AMP inhibition. (11 h=39.0+/-16.7%, 18 h 47.0+/-11.1% reduction). 4. At 18 h E1 pre-treatment there was an enhancement (4.5 fold) of cyclic AMP production under forskolin stimulated conditions accompanied by a small rightward shift in the concentration-response curve (pEC(50) control=7.8+/-0.3, pEC(50) E1=7.3+/-0.2) when cells were re-challenged with E1. 5. In membranes prepared from untreated and 0.5 h E1 pre-treated cells, addition of GTP gamma S produced a significant rightward shift in the concentration response curves for E1 displacement of [(3)H]-DPN (0 h K(i) control=7.86+/-0.11, GTP gamma S=7.37+/-0.15; 0.5 h K(i) control=7.92+/-0.12, GTP gamma S=7.36+/-0.08) This was not observed in membranes prepared from cells that had been treated with E1 for 18 h (18 h K(i) control=7.69+/-0. 11, GTP gamma S=7.75+/-0.08). 6. In whole cells E1 treatment caused a rapid loss of cell surface receptors such that at 0.5 h there was a 30.5+/-1.5 reduction (this was unchanged for 18 h). In crude membranes a loss of receptors was also observed using radioligand binding or immuno-blotting protocols. 7. These data show that E1 causes desensitization and down-regulation of the rat mu-opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells. However, these two responses appear temporally distinct.
Application of Novel Pneumatic Bioreactor System (PBS) for Production of Recombinant Protein from Recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (2009)

Plastic cell culture systems have a useful tool in research and biotechnlogy process, and a novel pneumatic bioteactor system (PBS) has been recently developed by PBS Biotech, Inc. In this study, to investigate the effects of agation speeds in 2L scale PBS, various rpmsettings (10, 20 and 30) were used for cultures of rCHO cells producing monoclonal antibody (MAb). The maximum cell density in PBS at 20 rpm reached 3.4 X 106 cells/ml, and final MAb concentration was 141 mg/L. Also, when culture of commercially available suspension cell line CHO-S (Invitrogen) was evaluated in PBS, the maximum cell density reached 10.5 X 106 cells/ml. similar result was obtained in stirred tank reactor (STR, 9.6 X 106 cells/ml), which was better than in Erlenmeyer flask (5.4 X 106 cells/ml). These results revealed that the novel PBS is a strong candidate with variety of advantages such as low cost and easy scale-up up to a few thousands liters in cell cultures compated to comventional STR. Reference. 1. Sing V. (1999) Disposable bioreactor for cell culture using wave-induced agitation. Cytotechnoloty. 30:149-158
Forces at the Shoulder During the Baseball Pitch in Youth and Professional Baseball Throwers (2006)

PURPOSE: To describe and compare the forces occurring at the shoulder between youth and professional baseball players during a fastball pitch. METHODS: Twenty-five professional and 14 youth baseball pitchers were filmed at 120 Hz using two high-speed video cameras. The locations of 21 body landmarks were digitized and their three-dimensional locations were calculated using the DLT method (Abdel-Aziz & Karara, 1971). Three-dimensional position data was filtered using a fourth order Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 13 Hz. From the marker coordinates, the kinetics (consisting of the three orthogonal forces Fx, Fy and Fz acting at the pitching shoulder) shoulder were calculated using a standard technique (Fleisig et al., 1996; Werner et al., 1993). All kinetic data were normalized to %BW*ht and in time to facilitate comparisons. RESULTS: Ball speed for the professionals was 38.8 m/s and for the youth was 20.7 m/s (p<0.001). Significant differences in the peak magnitudes of all three shoulder forces were noted between the groups. The Fx (anterior/posterior) directed force was 47.4 (12.2) %BW*ht for the professionals compared to 18.3 (3.3) %BW*ht for the youth (p<0.001). The Fy (superior/inferior) directed force was 43.4 (9.9) %BW*ht for professionals and 18.4 (3.8) for the youth (p<0.001). The Fz (distraction/compression) force was the dominant force at the shoulder acting to distract the joint, occurred just prior to bal release and was 131.8 (8.5) %BW*ht for professionals and 50.3 (8.3) %BW*ht for the youth (p<0.001). After accounting for ball speed (as a co-variate), significant difference remained in these forces. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest shoulder force during the pitch in both groups was the Fz-distraction force. In professionals throwers, this force has been linked to SLAP lesions while in youth we suggest it is more associated proximal humeral epiphysitis. After accounting for player body weight, height and ball velocity, significant differences remained in these forces which suggests significant differences in the pitch performance and thus the shoulder mechanics
New experimental method for determining the stiffness and strength of steel storage rack floor connections (2013)

In A.2.7.2 of EN 15512 it is said that “alternatives may be used, provided they accurately model the real structure condition”. Here an alternative method is proposed, that verifies these condition. Figure 2 shows the test arrangement proposed. The concrete block is completely fixed. A single upright sample of 600 mm length with the base-plate is fixed to it (with or without anchorages, as the case may be), and at the head of the upright the axial and the transversal forces are applied.
Interspecific Nematode Signals Regulate Dispersal Behavior (2012)

Ascaroside blends represent evolutionarily conserved, fundamentally important communication systems for nematodes from diverse habitats, and thus may provide sustainable means for control of parasitic nematodes.
Rejoinder to Tan (2008)

We respond to several interesting points raised by Tan regarding our article.
Improvement of Stability of CeO2–Based Catalysts by Mn Doping for the Synthesis of 2-Imidazolidinone from Ethylenediamine Carbamate (2023)

Cerium oxide (CeO2) was recently reported to function as a highly active heterogeneous catalyst in the flow synthesis of 2-imidazolidinone (EU) without gas-phase CO2 from ethylenediamine carbamate (EDA-CA), the latter of which can be synthesized easily from ethylenediamine (EDA) and ambient CO2, in an EDA solvent. However, catalyst deactivation due to the surface deposition of polyurea-like compounds has remained a grand challenge. In this study, in an attempt to develop new catalysts with better stability than conventional CeO2 by tuning surface properties, the addition of a second metal to CeO2 was examined in the kinetic region. Mn-doped CeO2 (Mn content = 1 wt %) prepared via a coprecipitation method was found to be a more stable catalyst in the EU production with a lower deactivation rate constant of 0.018 h–1 than the pure CeO2 (0.058 h–1). Mn species incorporated in the CeO2 lattice exhibited good resistance against their leaching during the reactions operated in the EDA solvent, leading to a higher stability of Mn-doped CeO2 catalysts than the pure CeO2 and also Mn-loaded CeO2 that readily underwent the leaching of Mn species during the reaction. The origin of the better stability of Mn-doped CeO2 than pure CeO2 was suggested from various characterization data to be the decreased density of the acid sites. The high density of acid sites of the pure CeO2 possibly leads to the multipoint adsorption of polyurea-like compounds, resulting in the catalyst deactivation. In contrast, the low density of acid sites has been suggested to retard such undesirable interactions with catalyst poisons and thus improved the catalyst stability in the EU production from EDA-CA in the EDA solvent.
Electrochemical Biosensing and Deep Learning-Based Approaches in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review (2022)

COVID-19 caused by the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus taking a huge toll on global health and caused life-threatening medical complications and elevated mortality rates, especially among older adults and people with existing morbidity. Current evidence suggests that the virus spreads primarily through respiratory droplets emitted by infected persons when breathing, coughing, sneezing, or speaking. These droplets can reach another person through their mouth, nose, or eyes, resulting in infection. The “gold standard” for clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is the laboratory-based nucleic acid amplification test, which includes the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test on nasopharyngeal swab samples. The main concerns with this type of test are the relatively high cost, long processing time, and considerable false-positive or false-negative results. Alternative approaches have been suggested to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus so that those infected and the people they have been in contact with can be quickly isolated to break the transmission chains and hopefully, control the pandemic. These alternative approaches include electrochemical biosensing and deep learning. In this review, we discuss the current state-of-the-art technology used in both fields for public health surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and present a comparison of both methods in terms of cost, sampling, timing, accuracy, instrument complexity, global accessibility, feasibility, and adaptability to mutations. Finally, we discuss the issues and potential future research approaches for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizing electrochemical biosensing and deep learning.
Assessment of folate receptor expression and folate uptake in multicentric lymphomas in dogs (2014)

This study provided strong evidence for folate uptake in a substantial portion of multicentric lymphomas of dogs and indicated the antitumor activity of FR-targeted chemotherapeutics for these cancers. Use of FR-targeted chemotherapeutics may be promising for the treatment of FR-expressing multicentric lymphomas in dogs. Further studies are needed to determine reasons for lack of immunoreactivity to currently identified anti-FR antibodies and to develop improved methods for detecting FRs in lymphomas of dogs.