gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Importance of mevalonate‐derived products in the control of HMG‐CoA reductase activity and growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line a549 (1993)

HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the synthesis of mevalonate, a crucial intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and non-sterol isoprenoid compounds essential for cell growth. The HMG-CoA reductase activity of the A549 tumor cell line is higher than that of normal human fibroblasts. This deregulation in mevalonate needs was not due to an alteration in the activated state of the enzyme by short-term regulation. We show that the HMG-CoA reductase in A549 cell line was subject to a multivalent feedback control. A high fraction (40%) of the reductase activity was devoted to non-sterol products. In contrast, normal fibroblasts had only 15-20% of the reductase activity that generated non-sterol products. We also show that cholesterol and at least one of the non-sterol products are necessary for optimal cell growth of A549 cells. Our data strongly suggest that A549 cells produce more non-sterol substances which may be related to increased requirements of mevalonate for upregulated cell growth.
Contribution of NS1 Effector Domain Dimerization to Influenza A Virus Replication and Virulence (2012)

Conserved tryptophan-187 facilitates homodimerization of the influenza A virus NS1 protein effector domain. We generated a mutant influenza virus strain expressing NS1-W187R to destabilize this self-interaction. NS1-W187R protein exhibited lower double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding activity, showed a temporal redistribution during infection, and was minimally compromised for interferon antagonism. The mutant virus replicated similarly to the wild type in vitro, but it was slightly attenuated for replication in mice, causing notably reduced morbidity and mortality. These data suggest biological relevance for the W187-mediated homotypic interaction of NS1.
The effect of path loss variations on the capacity of MIMO systems (2003)

Flat fading MIMO channels are often modelled by a transfer matrix with independent but identically distributed (i.i.d.) complex random numbers. Measurements indicate that the assumption of an identical distribution of all matrix entries is not fulfilled, at least for some antenna configurations. We adapt the channel model to include this observation and study the influence on the capacity and performance of MIMO systems. The results are compared with measurements.
Large‐Area Patterning of Metal Nanostructures by Dip‐Pen Nanodisplacement Lithography for Optical Applications (2017)

Au nanostructures are remarkably important in a wide variety of fields for decades. The fabrication of Au nanostructures typically requires time-consuming and expensive electron-beam lithography (EBL) that operates in vacuum. To address this challenge, this paper reports the development of massive dip-pen nanodisplacement lithography (DNL) as a desktop fabrication tool, which allows high-throughput and rational design of arbitrary Au nanopatterns in ambient condition. Large-area (1 cm<sup>2</sup> ) and uniform (<10% variation) Au nanostructures as small as 70 nm are readily fabricated, with a throughput 100-fold higher than that of conventional EBL. As a proof-of-concept of the applications in the opitcal field, we fabricate discrete Au nanorod arrays that show significant plasmonic resonance in the visible range, and interconnected Au nanomeshes that are used for transparent conductive electrode of solar cells.
Steroid production in different parts of malignant and benign ovarian tumors in vitro. (1993)

Pieces of ovaries and tumors from 45 patients (19 with malignant epithelial tumors, 14 with benign epithelial tumors, and 12 with normal postmenopausal ovaries) were incubated, and the release of steroid hormones from different parts of the tumors and from the contralateral ovaries was measured. Tumor tissue (mainly tumor cells with a small number of stromal cells), tumor base tissue (more stromal cells than tumor cells), and control ovaries were preincubated in oxygenated 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid-minimum essential medium buffer at 37 degrees C for 30 min followed by a 3-h incubation in fresh, oxygenated medium. Progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, and estradiol were measured in the medium by radioimmunoassay at the end of the incubation period. Malignant tumors released more progesterone and androstenedione than benign tumors or postmenopausal control ovaries. In contrast, benign tumors released more testosterone than malignant tumors or control ovaries. Release of estradiol was low and not significantly different among control ovaries and malignant and benign tumor tissue. Different parts of the tumors differed in steroid hormone release. Tissue samples containing more tumor cells than stromal cells released more progesterone than those with predominantly stromal cells. Thus, malignant tumors had an active steroid secretion. Progesterone was the main steroid released.
Effect of channel geometry on ion-concentration polarization-based preconcentration and desalination (2019)

Polarization of the ion-selective systems results in the formation of ion-depleted and ion-concentrated zones in the electrolyte layers adjacent to the system. One can employ ion-concentration polarization for the removal of charged large molecules and small ions from the flowing liquid. Removal of large molecules from the flowing solution and their local accumulation is often referred to as preconcentration, removal of small ions as desalination. Here, we study the effect of the channel geometry on the removal of charged species from their water solutions experimentally. Straight, converging, and diverging channels equipped with a pair of heterogeneous cation-exchange membranes are compared in terms of their effect on preconcentration of an observable fluorescein dye and on desalination of water solution of potassium chloride. Our results show that preconcentration of the dye is not significantly affected by the channel geometry. The distance of the preconcentration band from one of the membranes was approximately the same in all tested channel geometries. The major difference was in the location of the band within the channel, when the conical channels localized the band at one of the channel walls. The straight channel showed a slightly broader range of applicable flow rates. The semibatch desalination of 0.01M KCl solution turned out to be more efficient in conical channels, which was associated with a larger volume of the channel available for the accumulation of the concentrated solution. Our results suggest that conical channels can be advantageously used in transforming the ion-concentration-polarization-based semibatch desalination into a fully continuous one.
K<sup>+</sup> Channels of the Mammalian Collecting Duct (1990)

Fine control of renal water and electrolyte excretion takes place in the collecting duct, a tubule segment which is also a major site of K+ secretion and hormone action. With the introduction of patch clamp techniques it has been possible to define the contribution of ion channels to K+ transport. Two types of channels have been identified in the cortical collecting tubules of the rabbit and rat: (1) a maxi- or high conductance K+ channel (single channel conductance greater than 80 pS) found only in the apical membrane, and (2) smaller conductance K+ channels (single channel conductance less than 60 pS) found in both apical and basolateral membranes. The gating properties of the K+ channels with smaller conductances differ in the apical and basolateral cell membranes; whereas the open probability of the small conductance K+ channel in the apical membrane is not voltage-sensitive, that of the basolateral channel increases with hyperpolarization. The maxi-K+ channel, so far only found in the apical cell membrane, is voltage-gated but its open probability increases with cell depolarization. The possible role of these K+ channels in different states of the K+ transport system in collecting ducts is discussed.
The imperative to invest in science has never been greater (2014)

The article "Loss of nuclear pro-IL-16 facilitates cell cycle progression in human cutaneous T cell lymphoma" is being retracted, with the agreement of the corresponding author. Several duplicated bands were recently identified in the immunoblot images in Figures
Performance-driven simultaneous place and route for island-style FPGAs (1995)

Abstract: Sequential place and route tools for FPGAs are inherently weak at addressing both wirability and timing optimizations. This is primarily due to the difficulty of accurately predicting wirability and delay during placement. A new performance-driven simultaneous placement/routing technique has been developed for island-style FPGA designs. On a set of industrial designs for Xilinx 4000-series FPGAs, our scheme produces 100% routed designs with 8%-15% improvement in delay when compared to the Xilinx XACT5.0 place and route system.
12-Helix Formation in Aqueous Solution with Short β-Peptides Containing Pyrrolidine-Based Residues (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXT12-Helix Formation in Aqueous Solution with Short β-Peptides Containing Pyrrolidine-Based ResiduesXifang Wang, Juan F. Espinosa, and Samuel H. GellmanView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 19, 4821–4822Publication Date (Web):May 2, 2000Publication History Received7 January 2000Published online2 May 2000Published inissue 1 May 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja000093khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja000093krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1479Altmetric-Citations118LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Conformation,Oligomers,Peptides and proteins,Solution chemistry Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Tables 1 thruogh 8 and Supplementary Figures 1 through 4 from A Study of <i>TP53</i> RNA Splicing Illustrates Pitfalls of RNA-seq Methodology (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1: Summary of the TCGA tumour sets for which RNAseq V2 RSEM normalised data was downloaded on 20th October 2015 and used for TP53 transcript expression analyses. Supplementary Table S2: Summary of QC for RNAseq and RNA expression using RNAseq for the nine human cell lines. Supplementary Table S3: UCSC and Locus Reference Genomic (LRG) IDs for canonical TP53 transcript variants. Supplementary Table S4: Primer sequences used for ddPCR and RT-qPCR. Supplementary Table S5: Read data for RNAseq RSEM Expected count, RNAseq Tuxedo-FPKM, RNAseq RSEM-FPKM, ddPCR and RT-qPCR. Supplementary Table S6: RNAseq reads containing both PCR primers Supplementary Table S7: RNAseq reads in 125nt specific regions in exon 4 and AluJB upstream and exon5/6 downstream of the 125nt unique to the 5'-UTR of delta133TP53 transcript subclass Supplementary Table S8: Mutations and sequencing errors do not significantly affect alignment of sequence reads to the TP53 locus Supplementary Figure S1: Shows examples of fluorescence amplitude by ddPCR Supplementary Figure S2: Dissociation curves for TP53 primer pairs by RT-qPCR Supplementary Figure S3: Sanger Sequencing of the amplicons for FL/delta40TP53_T1, FL/delta40TP53_T2, delta133TP53, TP53alpha and TP53beta Supplementary Figure S4: Relative abundance of TP53 transcript subclasses relative to FL/delta40TP53_T1.&lt;/p&gt;
Low-overhead design technique for calibration of maximum frequency at multiple operating points (2007)

Determination of maximum operating frequencies (Fmax) during manufacturing test at different operating voltages is required to: (a) to ensure that, for a Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) system, the adaptation hardware actually applies the correct operating frequency corresponding to a scaled supply and (b) to sort chips in different voltage-frequency (V-Fmax)bins, so that chips at different bins can be used for different applications. Existing speed binning approach requires extensive delay testing at all operating points with all possible frequencies, which increases test cost and test time significantly. In this paper, we propose a low-overhead solution for characterizing Fmax of a circuit at different operating voltages that can eliminate the complex and expensive Fmax calibration at multiple voltage points. The basic idea is to choose a small set of representative paths in a circuit based on their voltage sensitivity and dynamically configuring them into ring oscillator to compute the Fmax. The proposed calibration mechanism is all-digital, robust to process variations, reasonably accurate (average 2.8% error) and incorporates minimal hardware overhead (average 1.7% delay, 3.5% area and 0.28% power overhead).
The Validation of the Novel DVB-H Radio Channel Models (2007)

This paper provides results of the radio channel measurements performed in DVB-H network during autumn 2006. The purpose of these measurements was to acquire additional channel information in order to validate the channel models constructed from the earlier measurements [1], [2]. This paper presents the most relevant results of the measurements including Ricean K-factors, RMS delay spreads, total excess delays and the variations of the number of taps. By comparing these results to those presented in [1] can be stated that the values are similar. Therefore, the original models can be considered consistent.
Generation of Fuzzy Rules by Mountain Clustering (1994)

We develop, based upon the mountain clustering method, a procedure for learning fuzzy systems models from data. First we discuss the mountain clustering method. We then show how it could be used to obtain the structure of fuzzy systems models. The initial estimates of this model are obtained from the cluster centers. We then use a back propagation algorithm to tune the model.
Syntheses of Peptidoglycolipid Analogs with Distinct Immunomodulating Activities (2000)

ABSTRACT Amphiphilic 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosylamides were synthesized from N-protected glucosamine derivatives via N-glycosidation with fatty amines, subsequent N-acylation with fatty acid derivatives and deprotection. They could further be modified with amino acids to give peptido-glycopyranosyl amides, some of which exhibited strong immunostimulatory (BAY Q8939, 8) or immunoadjuvant (BAY R1005, 9) activities.
The Effects of Plasma Treatments and Subsequent Atomic Layer Deposition on the Pore Structure of a k = 2.0 Low-k Material (2013)

In order to improve the characteristics of future integrated circuits, low dielectric constant (low-k) materials are employed. In this paper we describe in detail the characteristics of k = 2.0, SICOH films treated by capacitively coupled Ar/N2 and Ar/H2 plasmas, which were applied in order to modify the top surface of the film. New insights were obtained about the porous structure of the pristine and the plasma treated films: analyses indicated that the investigated plasma treatments reduced the pore size in the top ten nm of the films, while partial carbon depletion was found down to a few tens of nm inside the film. For the integration of metal barriers deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition in interconnect technologies, precursor penetration into the porous low-k dielectric should be avoided. We investigated precursor penetration in the pores during TaN Atomic Layer Deposition on the pristine and the plasma treated porous low-k films. Detailed analyses showed that the plasma induced modifications resulted in a local growth enhancement and pore sealing during the first cycles of the atomic layer deposition process.
Influence of Processing Parameters on Acrylamide Formation during Frying of Potatoes (2004)

Consistent evidence suggests that the probable human carcinogen acrylamide is formed in starch-rich foodstuffs through heat-induced interaction of asparagine and reducing sugars during Maillard browning. However, information regarding the influence of processing parameters on acrylamide formation is scarce. We investigated the impact of temperature, heating time, browning level, and surface-to-volume ratio (SVR) on acrylamide generation in fried potatoes. Acrylamide content was determined by liquid chromatography (LC) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). In potato shapes with low SVR, acrylamide content consistently increased with increasing temperature and processing times. By contrast, in shapes with intermediate to high SVR, maximal acrylamide formation occurred at 160-180 degrees C, while higher temperatures or prolonged processing times caused a decrease of acrylamide levels. Moreover, browning levels were not a reliable measure of acrylamide content in large-surface products.
Molecular diagnostics in a teacup: Non-Instrumented Nucleic Acid Amplification (NINA) for rapid, low cost detection of Salmonella enterica (2013)

We report on the use of a novel non-instrumented platform to enable a Loop Mediated isothermal Amplification (LAMP) based assay for <i>Salmonella enterica</i>. Heat energy is provided by addition of a small amount (<150 g) of boiling water, and the reaction temperature is regulated by storing latent energy at the melting temperature of a lipid-based engineered phase change material. Endpoint classification of the reaction is achieved without opening the reaction tube by observing the fluorescence of sequence-specific FRET-based assimilating probes with a simple handheld fluorometer. At or above 22°C ambient temperature the non-instrumented devices could maintain reactions above a threshold temperature of 61°C for over 90 min-significantly longer than the 60 min reaction time. Using the simple format, detection limits were less than 20 genome copies for reactions run at ambient temperatures ranging from 8 to 36°C. When used with a pre-enrichment step and non-instrumented DNA extraction device, trace contaminations of Salmonella in milk close to 1 CFU/mL could be reliably detected. These findings illustrate that the non- instrumented amplification approach is a simple, viable, low-cost alternative for field-based food and agricultural diagnostics or clinical applications in developing countries.
Test results for a high temperature non-permanent magnet traction motor (2016)

Commercially available hybrid and electric vehicles are generally using rare earth PM motors because of their compactness and very good efficiency. But the supply security and price volatility of rare-earth materials are still major concerns for the hybrid and electric vehicle industry. Hence, global efforts are underway in several countries on using reduced or non-rare earth materials, developing non-permanent magnet solutions and taking cost out by trading off between material properties and cost. Non-permanent magnet machines are generally known to be less power dense than permanent magnet counterparts. But the absence of permanent magnets in these machines makes them well suited for high temperature applications provided appropriate stator winding insulation materials are used. This offers a degree of freedom in improving their power density because they can operate at higher electrical loading while maintaining acceptable efficiency. This paper presents a high temperature DC biased reluctance machine which is structurally similar to a conventional switched reluctance machine. This non-permanent magnet machine has a DC field winding and an AC three phase armature winding. The machine is equipped with a high temperature 280°C rated insulation system. Test results showing machine performance under continuous operation against the FreedomCar 2020 specifications as well as at high temperature up to 280°C are presented. A 43% improvement in power density was achieved by going to high temperature.
Structural Reorganizations Control Intermolecular Conductance and Charge Trapping in Paraquat‐Tetraphenylborate Inverse Photochemical Cell (2011)

Miniaturization of electronic devices to the level of single molecules requires detailed understanding of the mechanisms of their operation. One of the questions here is the identification of the role of structural alterations in charge separation and stabilization in photoactive complexes. To address this question, we calculate optimized molecular and electronic structures, and optical and vibrational spectra of l,l'-dimethyl 4,4'-bipyridinium-bis tetraphenylborate PQ(BPh(4))(2) complex ab initio using density functional theory approach and compare them with the experimentally observed UV-Vis and Raman spectra of the molecules in solid-state films. The results indicate that the association of PQ and BPh(4) leads to the formation of an internally ionized structure that is accompanied by the structural reorganization of both PQ (the twisting of pyridinium rings) and BPh(4) (phenyl rings rotation) moieties. The quanta of light do not seem to be directly involved in the formation of this ionized structure, but provide energy for fast recombination of the separated charges between BPh(4)(-) and PQ(2+). The high efficiency of the dark charge separation and the stabilization of separated charges in the complex permit the using of PQ(BPh(4))(2) in various charge-transfer devices like molecular probes, photovoltaic devices or chemical memory units.
Anomalous Nickel Silicide Encroachment in n-Channel Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transitors on Si(110) Substrates and Its Suppression by Si+ Ion-Implantation Technique (2009)

A novel low-leakage-current nickel self-aligned-silicide (SALICIDE) process in n-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (nMOSFETs) on Si(110) substrates is reported. Anomalous nickel silicide encroachment in the <110> direction in nMOSFETs on Si(110) substrates is found for the first time. This encroachment causes anomalous off-state leakage current (Ioff) in nMOSFETs on Si(110) substrates. In particular, in the case of the <110> channel on Si(110) substrates, Ni atoms easily diffuse in the <110> direction, and nickel silicide preferentially grows in the <110> direction. As a result, anomalous leakage current between the drain and the source occurs, and the leakage current seriously degrades transistor performance. In order to overcome these problems, we propose a method of suppressing anomalous Ioff on Si(110) substrates by Si+ ion-implantation technique prior to the nickel SALICIDE process. This method is effective for suppressing the encroachment of nickel silicide and realizing low-leakage complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) devices on Si(110) substrates.