gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of gBRCA1/2 mutation locations with ovarian cancer risk in Japanese patients from the CHARLOTTE study (2020)

Whether germline (g) breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) mutations are located within or outside the ovarian cancer cluster region (OCCR) (1380-4062 bp for gBRCA1, and between 3249-5681 bp and 6645-7471 bp for gBRCA2) may influence risk variations for ovarian cancers. This ad hoc analysis of the CHARLOTTE epidemiological study in Japan assessed the distribution of gBRCA1/2 mutations in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, and investigated an association between gBRCA1/2 mutation locations and ovarian cancer risk. Differences in patient background and clinical characteristics in subgroups stratified by gBRCA1/2 mutation locations were also evaluated. We analyzed the data of 93 patients (14.7%) from the CHARLOTTE study who were positive for gBRCA1/2 mutations. After excluding 16 cases with L63X founder mutation, 28 (65.1%) of gBRCA1 mutations were within the OCCR. Of 30 gBRCA2 mutations, 15 (50.0%) were within the OCCR. Of 27 patients (one patient excluded for unknown family history) with gBRCA1 mutations located in the OCCR, 11 (40.7%) had a family history of ovarian cancer; the proportion of patients with a family history of ovarian cancer and gBRCA1 mutations outside the OCCR was lower (13.3%). Sixty percent of patients with gBRCA1 mutations outside the OCCR had a family history of breast cancer; the proportion of patients with a family history of breast cancer and gBRCA1 mutations within the OCCR was relatively lower (33.3%). Understanding the mutation locations may contribute to more accurate risk assessments of susceptible individuals and early detection of ovarian cancer among gBRCA mutation carriers.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Prazosin-Related Derivatives as Multipotent Compounds (2004)

To combine in the same molecule alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor blocking and antioxidant properties, compounds 2-5 were designed and synthesized. All compounds were effective alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor antagonists and were tested in both functional and binding assays. In addition, compounds 2 and 5 also displayed significant capacity to inhibit intracellular oxidative stress, whereas 3-5 exerted potent antiproliferative activity in lymph node carcinoma of prostate cells.
Induction of T cell CD7 gene transcription by nonmitogenic ionomycin-induced transmembrane calcium flux (1991)

The CD7 molecule is a 40-kDa member of the Ig superfamily that has structural homology to the murine Thy-1 molecule and is acquired early in human T cell ontogeny. Previous studies have demonstrated that expression of the CD7 molecule is markedly up-regulated during T cell activation. In this study, we have studied the signals required for CD7 up-regulation on human T cells. We found that nonmitogenic amounts of ionomycin selectively and maximally up-regulated T cell CD7 on mature (peripheral blood) T cells after 24 h. Whereas CD7 expression was increased 78 +/- 25% by 0.5 microM ionomycin, expression of CD25 (IL-2R alpha), class II MHC, 4F2, transferrin receptor, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD8 molecules was not increased. Ionomycin-induced CD7 surface expression was associated with peak increases in CD7 mRNA after 4 to 6 h. Transcriptional analysis and CD7 mRNA half-life determination revealed the increase in CD7 mRNA was the result of increased CD7 gene transcription 1 h after ionomycin stimulation and was not due to prolongation of CD7 mRNA half-life. The up-regulation of surface CD7 expression by ionomycin was dependent on extracellular calcium and did not require the activation of T cell tyrosine protein kinase. Mitogenic CD2 and CD3 mAb as well as stimulation of T cells by PHA also up-regulated CD7 expression. CD7 up-regulation by ionomycin was transient (24 to 72 h) and inhibitable by cyclosporin A, whereas CD7 up-regulation by PHA was sustained over 5 to 7 days and was significantly less inhibitable by cyclosporin A. These data demonstrate that induction of a transmembrane calcium flux generates signals that lead to CD7 gene transcription.
Transverse wall dynamics in a spin valve nanostrip (2009)

The magnetism of a Fe20Ni80/Cu/Co spin valve, in which a layer of FeNi containing a head-to-head transverse domain wall is coupled to a uniformly magnetized Co layer, via a nonmagnetic Cu layer, was investigated by micromagnetics (mainly numerical simulations). In equilibrium, due to the magnetostatic coupling between the layers, a quasiwall is created in the Co layer, which affects the domain wall profile in the FeNi layer. The dynamics of the domain wall under an applied field is also modified, and two opposite effects due to the spin valve geometry have been found, resulting, on the one hand, from the variation in the width of the domain wall and, on the other hand, from the additional damping of magnetization dynamics due to the cobalt layer.
Transmit beamformer and quantization design for multi-carrier CRAN CoMP (2016)

We consider the problem of designing transmit beamformers for a multi-carrier joint processing coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission with finite backhaul capacity. We assume a Cloud Radio access network (CRAN) wherein the beamformers are designed centrally, quantized and sent via the backhaul to the respective base stations (BSs). The beamformer design becomes a nonconvex combinatorial problem with the user selection, which is also modeled as a part of our problem. In order to avoid the combinatorial search, we relax the binary association variable by a linear one and the nonconvex sets by a sequence of convex subsets by the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. Thereby, we design the beamformers by iteratively solving a convex subproblem in each SCA iteration. Additionally, to enforce sparsity in the relaxed binary variable, we regularize the objective with the associated entropy measure to enforce a binary solution. Since the beamformers are notified via backhaul to the respective BSs, we include the beamformer overhead also in the backhaul usage in addition to data sharing. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed designs.
Performance of CUSUM Control Schemes for Serially Correlated Observations (1993)

Abstract This article discusses situations in which one is interested in evaluating the run-length characteristics of a cumulative sum control scheme when the underlying data show the presence of serial correlation. In practical applications, situations of this type are common in problems associated with monitoring such characteristics of data as forecasting errors, measures of model adequacy, and variance components. The discussed problem is also relevant in situations in which data transformations are used to reduce the magnitude of serial correlation. The basic idea of analysis involves replacing the sequence of serially correlated observations by a sequence of independent and identically distributed observations for which the runlength characteristics of interest are roughly the same. Applications of the proposed method for several classes of processes arising in the area of statistical process control are discussed in detail, and it is shown that it leads to approximations that can be considered acceptable in many practical situations. KEY WORDS: Brownian motionControl chartsFirst passage timeMarkov chainsQuality controlRun length
Proximity measure image based region merging for texture segmentation through Gabor filtering and watershed transform (2004)

In this paper, an unsupervised texture segmentation scheme is proposed, based on region merging which is carried out on the proximity measure image. A bank of Gabor filters are first applied to the texture image to be segmented, and the proximity measure image, as the feature image, is then constructed by fusing all individual proximity measure images in which pixel intensity reflects the statistical similarity of local histograms in a given neighborhood. Based on the feature image, the task of texture segmentation is thus casted as a problem of region merging and edge detection. To efficiently classify different textures, precisely detect and locate the boundaries of distinct textures, the watershed transform is applied to the feature image for initial segmentation. A region merging procedure is then realized to deal with the over-segmentations resulted from the watershed transform, by iteratively grouping adjacent regions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, experiments are carried out on both texture composites and real-world images. Results show that the proposed scheme performs well, in terms of both segmentation accuracy and precision in locating boundaries between distinct textures.
Abstract PL04-03: Selective inhibition of K-Ras G12C through allosteric control of GTP affinity and effector interactions. (2013)

Abstract Somatic mutations in the small GTPase K-Ras are the most common activating lesions found in human cancer, and are generally associated with poor response to standard therapies1-3. Efforts to directly target this oncogene have faced difficulties due to its picomolar affinity for GTP/GDP4 and the absence of known allosteric regulatory sites.Oncogenic mutations result in functional activation of Ras family proteins by impairing GTP hydrolysis5,6. With diminished regulation by GTPase activity, the nucleotide state of Ras becomes more dependent upon relative nucleotide affinity and concentration. This gives GTP an advantage over GDP7 and increases the proportion of active GTP-bound Ras. Here, we report the development of small molecules that irreversibly bind to a common oncogenic mutant, K-Ras G12C.These compounds rely on the mutant cysteine for binding and therefore do not affect the wild type protein (WT). Crystallographic studies reveal the formation of a new pocket that is not apparent in previous structures of Ras, beneath the effector binding switch-II region. Binding of these inhibitors to K-Ras G12C disrupts both switch-I and switch-II, subverting the native nucleotide preference to favor GDP over GTP and impairing binding to Raf. Our data provide structure-based validation of a novel allosteric regulatory site on Ras that is targetable in a mutant specific manner. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):PL04-03. Citation Format: Jonathan M. Ostrem, Ulf Peters, Martin L. Sos, James A. Wells, Kevan M. Shokat. Selective inhibition of K-Ras G12C through allosteric control of GTP affinity and effector interactions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr PL04-03.
Surgical Management of Stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART II (2016)

Proper treatment selection, which is directed by patient- and stone-specific factors, remains the greatest predictor of successful treatment outcomes. This Guideline is intended for use in conjunction with the individual patient's treatment goals. In all cases, patient preferences and personal goals should be considered when choosing a management strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: Polysubstituted Pyridazinones from Sequential Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Tetrafluoropyridazine. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Tied mixture continuous parameter models for large vocabulary isolated speech recognition (2003)

The acoustic modeling problem in automatic speech recognition is estimated with the specific goal of unifying discrete and continuous parameter approaches. The authors consider a class of very general hidden Markov models which can accommodate sequences of information-bearing acoustic feature vectors lying either in a discrete or in a continuous space. More generally, the new class allows one to represent the prototypes in an assumption-limited, yet convenient, way, as (tied) mixtures of simple multivariate densities. Speech recognition experiments, reported for a large (5000-word) vocabulary office correspondence task, demonstrate some of the benefits associated with this technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Blockade of brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor attenuates angiotensin II‐induced left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure elevation and myocardial hypertrophy via sympathoinhibition (2012)

Background Central sympathoexcitation is a cardinal manifestation of heart failure. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether central sympathoexcitation induced by slow presser dose of peripheral angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion deteriorates cardiac function in rats, and if so, to investigate whether blockade of Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the brain improve the changes of cardiac function via central sympathoinhibition. Methods and Results In Sprague‐Dawley rats, the subcutaneous infusion of Ang II at 100 ng·kg −1 ·min −1 for 14 days increased gradually systolic blood pressure from baseline (+ 15±4 mmHg, n=11). Compared with vehicle infusion, Ang II‐infusion increased plasma Ang II (100±10 vs. 48±8 pg/ml, n=5~9, p&lt;0.05), urinary norepinephrine excretion (1.25±0.03 vs. 0.92±0.05 μg/24 hrs, n=8~12, p&lt;0.001), left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (5.0±0.4 vs. 2.7±0.3 mmHg, n=5~8, p&lt;0.001) with myocardial hypertrophy. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of AT1R blocker, losartan, attenuated these Ang II‐induced changes. The percent fractional shortening evaluated by echocardiography did not differ between the groups. Conclusion Central sympathoexcitation induced by increased plasma Ang II increases LVEDP with myocardial hypertrophy. Furthermore, the blockade of AT1R in the brain reduces the Ang II‐induced changes via sympathoinhibition.
Inversion and attribute-assisted hydraulically induced microseismic fracture characterization in the North Texas Barnett Shale (2011)

Once considered only as source rocks and seals, shale formations are now also considered as tight-porosity and low-permeability unconventional gas reservoirs. The classification as a reservoir is mainly technology- and economics-driven. Major gas (and significant oil) production from these plays is facilitated by massive hydraulic fracturing treatments that increase permeability and help to reactivate natural fractures. Natural faulting and fracturing are critical factors controlling present-day stress distribution, which in turn influences hydraulically induced fracture system development. Stimulation ultimately enhances reservoir drainage, yielding economically viable hydrocarbon production (Rutledge and Phillips, 2003; Gale et al., 2007; Miskimins, 2009). To better understand the created fracture geometry, borehole-based induced microseismicity monitoring may be used (Figure 1).
Iterative Chain Elongation by a Pikromycin Monomodular Polyketide Synthase (2003)

The unique ability of the pikromycin polyketide synthase (Pik PKS) to generate 12- and 14-membered ring macrolactones presents an opportunity to explore the fundamental processes of polyketide synthesis, specifically, the mechanistic details of the chain extension process. We have overexpressed and purified PikAIII and PikAIV and demonstrated the ability of these proteins to generate triketide lactone products using (14)C-methylmalonyl-CoA as the sole substrate. Monomodular PikAIII generates TKL (1) when reacted alone, and synthesizes TKL (2) upon reaction in combination with PikAIV. Product formation remains dependent on the enzymatic decarboxylation of methylmalonyl-CoA and transfer of the acyl chain within the enzyme rather than acylation by propionyl-CoA from spontaneous decarboxylation. We propose that synthesis of TKL (1) by PikAIII involves iterative assembly of the triketide chain within a PikAIII homodimer analogous to the nonmodular type I PKS systems.
Scintillation detector properties of CsLiB6O10 (CLBO) crystal (2019)

CsLiB6O10 (CLBO) single crystal is one of the common nonlinear optical materials, and we open a new possibility of CLBO for ionizing radiation measurements. In photoluminescence (PL), an intense emission was observed at around 530 nm, and PL decay time was 535 ns. When X-ray induced scintillation spectrum was measured, an intense emission peak appeared at around 530 nm. The scintillation decay time upon pulsed X-ray excitation resulted 687 ns and 3.13 μs. The scintillation light yield of CLBO under 137Cs γ-ray irradiation was 64 000 ph MeV−1, and the energy resolution at 662 keV was 8 ± 0.3%.
Approaches to a Multitargeting Drug Development: First Profiled 3- Ethoxycarbonyl-1-aza-9-oxafluorenes Representing a Perspective Compound Class Targeting Alzheimer Disease Relevant Kinases CDK1, CDK5 and GSK-3.&#946; (2013)

Since Alzheimer disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease, recent therapeutical approaches concentrate on the development of a multitargeting drug. Various protein kinases are known to be involved in the progression of AD. A first series of 3-ethoxycarbonyl-1-aza-9-oxafluorenes has been synthesized and biologically evaluated as AD-relevant protein kinase inhibitors. A concentration-dependent inhibition of important AD-relevant kinases has been characterized after the selectivity of kinase inhibition had been demonstrated. Structure-activity relationships of protein kinase inhibition are discussed and first multitargeting inhibitors have been identified.
Subclinical Zinc Deficiency in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease (2010)

To evaluate zinc status in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, 29 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 30 patients with Parkinson's disease, and 29 age- and sex-matched controls were studied. All patients and controls were older than age 50, and all zinc and copper supplements were prohibited beginning 30 days prior to study. Patients were diagnosed by standard criteria. Blood zinc and urine zinc were measured. Urine zinc was measured in a casual specimen, standardized for dilution by reference to creatinine content. Results showed a significantly lower blood zinc in patients with Alzheimer's and patients with Parkinson's than in controls. Urine zinc excretion, normalized to urine creatinine excretion, was not significantly different in either patient group compared to controls. These patients are probably zinc deficient because of nutritional inadequacy.
A New, Convenient, Highly Selective Free-Radical Hydroxymethylation of Heteroaromatic Bases by Persulfate Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol and Glycerol, Catalysed by AgNO3 (2004)

A new, convenient and selective source of hydroxymethyl (•CH2OH) radical has been developed by persulfate oxidation of ethylene glycol with AgNO3 catalysis. The •CH2OH radical is selectively trapped by protonated heteroaromatic bases, providing a new, general process of hydroxymethylation; the importance of the β-scission of the alkoxyl radical intermediate is emphasised.
Processing parameters Optimization of Injection Moulding in DN20 Vent of Water Meter Manufacturing (2020)

The conventional optimization process in Injection Moulding includes actual shop floor trials in which melt temperature, mould temperature, injection time, injection pressure, pattern, feeder size, shape and location cores, mould layout, gating etc. are changed in each iteration which involves high machining cost, tooling cost, modification cost, melting cost, and transportation cost as well as, materials, energy, time are wasted in each trial until and unless the required results are obtained. Water meter component (DN20 Vent) is designed in CREO 5.0, and then components are 3D printed to cross check the dimensions and also to confirm whether all the other components can be accommodated or not. Then the mould flow analysis will be performed on a water meter components using different materials and changing the processing parameters. The input processing parameters considered are melt temperature, mould temperature and injection time, whereas the responses are warpage, volumetric shrinkage, cycle time and quality prediction. Grey relational analysis is carried out to determine the optimum injection moulding processing parameters.. The effort has been made to minimize the warpage, volumetric shrinkage, cycle time and maximize the quality prediction mould cavity and core for the components are designed in CREO 5.0 and manufactured using P20 tool steel. Then the water meter components are manufactured by inputting the optimal processing parameters in injection moulding machine to achieve high productivity and quality.
Managing emerging transnational public health security threats: lessons learned from the 2014 West African Ebola outbreak (2018)

Many of the country-level factors, particularly the WHO key indicators were associated with controlling the epidemic. The infrastructure of countries affected by communicable diseases should be assessed by international political and public health leaders.
[Regenerative medicine in cornea]. (2011)

Cornea is unique organ in its transparency. It consists of three different layers epithelium, stroma, and endothelium. Defect of each layers decrease the transparency resulting in blindness. Corneal transplant from donors is performed for these conditions. However it sometimes does not work because of immuno-rejection and shortage of donors is still problem. Regenerative medicine resolves these problems. According to epithelium, we had succeeded in making epithelial sheet from oral mucosa epithelium. The sheet is clear and very resembles normal corneal epithelium in histology. We have auto transplantation of this epithelial sheet to severe corneal deficiency patients and obtained good clinical results. According to endothelium, we are trying to make the sheet from various stem sells including iPS cells.
Doubly Sequential Energy Detection for Distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access (2010)

We study the distributed sequential energy detection problem in the context of spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks. We formulate a novel Doubly Sequential Energy Detector (DSED) and provide a comprehensive study of its performance. Specifically, we present the first method that sequentially combines the decisions of the Cognitive Radio nodes wherein each node is running an independent Sequential Energy Detector (SED). Through extensive simulations it is demonstrated that (i)our novel sequential version of the energy detector delivers a significant throughput improvement of 2 to 6 times over the fixed sample size test while maintaining equivalent operating characteristics as measured by the Probabilities of Detection (PD) and False Alarm (PFA), and (ii) the Doubly Sequential Procedure at the Base Station further boosts the SED performance while improving the robustness for shadowed Cognitive Radio nodes. For example, for a PD > 0.95, our simulations demonstrate that the DSED has a PFA <; 0.20 while utilizing upto 8 times fewer samples than the equivalent energy detector upto a Signal to Noise Ratio of -10 dB, below which its performance gracefully degrades.