gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CT-Deployed Hydrajet Perforating in Horizontal Completions Provides New Approaches to Multistage Hydraulic Fracturing Applications (2006)

Abstract The application of horizontal completions in lower-permeability formations is continuing to proliferate on a global scale. Caused either by formation damage issues or the very heterogeneous nature of many such reservoirs, actual wells will underperform when compared to original predictions from reservoir simulations. This will continue to result in a need for effective hydraulic-fracturing stimulations for many of these wells to reach economic production levels. Horizontal completions in moderate- to low-permeability reservoirs present the challenge of cost constraints that seldom allow the use of long-proven methods such as cemented completions and individual-fracturing of numerous zones with bridge plug isolation and multiple perforating runs. Some new methods being applied to overcome this problem require expensive downhole "jewelry" and some added risks that the liner and jewelry can be entirely run to the predetermined depth. In some methods, the operator must also accept reduced completion IDs that can later restrict production rates or hinder workover operations. These increased costs and risks must be accepted even before the actual fracturing treatments are attempted. This paper will discuss a new approach to controlled placement of multiple-stage fracturing treatments without the risks involved with packers or bridge plugs. By implementing a coiled tubing (CT) deployed hydrajet-perforating method, immediately followed by a fracturing treatment pumped down the annulus, the operator can use lower cost (and lower risk) liner completions, and delay the decision of selecting exactly where the perforated sections should be placed. In many cases, the final decisions on placement of the next perforated location can even be delayed until after the wellbore displacement of the preceding fracturing stage. By pumping the fracturing fluid slurry down the annulus of the CT and the casing the allowable frac rates can be higher than with tubing-deployed techniques. The total stimulation related costs are greatly reduced by being able to perforate/frac multiple times within the same day. Even where more than one day is required to complete the stimulation of all desired locations along the lateral, only one CT intervention and one pumping service company mobilization and rig-up will be needed, which will still improve the job economy over conventional methods. An additional benefit includes a reduction in the potential for excessive multiple fractures or near-wellbore tortuosity encountered with explosive charge perforating.
Neurogenesis-Inspired Dictionary Learning: Online Model Adaption in a Changing World (2017)

We address the problem of online model adaptation when learning representations from non-stationary data streams. Specifically, we focus here on online dictionary learning (i.e. sparse linear autoencoder), and propose a simple but effective online model selection approach involving “birth” (addition) and “death” (removal) of hidden units representing dictionary elements, in response to changing inputs; we draw inspiration from the adult neurogenesis phenomenon in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, known to be associated with better adaptation to new environments. Empirical evaluation on real-life datasets (images and text), as well as on synthetic data, demonstrates that the proposed approach can considerably outperform the state-of-art non-adaptive online sparse coding of [Mairal et al., 2009] in the presence of non-stationary data. Moreover, we identify certain data- and model properties associated with such improvements.
Controlling Chaos: The Example of an Impact Oscillator (1994)

The OGY algorithm (Ott et al., 1990) allows the conversion of a chaotic attractor to any one of a large number of periodic orbits by making small time-dependent perturbations of an available system parameter. We have applied this method to impact oscillators and stabilized its chaotic attractor on period-1 and period-2 orbits using small time-dependent pertubations of the driving frequency. We also demonstrate the ability to switch the chaotic system between the period-1 and period-2 orbits at will by controlled time-dependent perturbations. However, before the system settles on the stabilized orbit, it exhibits a long chaotic transient. We demonstrate how the exponential sensitivity of a chaotic system to small perturbations can be exploited to control the duration of this chaotic transient.
2D FSI model for paper webs and fabrics moving close to each other in complex geometries (2009)

In the present article we develop a two-dimensional computational fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model for small transverse deflections of a moving paper web, supported on one side by a fabric, both moving in an arbitrary geometry containing boundaries and nips (e.g. as in the drying section of a paper machine). In our FSI model, the transverse deflections of the paper web and those of the fabric are individually assumed to satisfy an equation of motion for axially moving membranes.
Biological characterization of cloned permanent stromal cell lines from anemic Sl/Sld mice and +/+ littermates. (1987)

Permanent cloned bone marrow stromal cell lines, designated Sld1, Sld2, Sld3, were derived from long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) of Sl/Sld mice and littermate WCB6F1 mice (designated +/+1, +/+2, +/+1.10, and +/+2.4). Production of extracellular matrix proteins by these cell lines was detected using specific antibodies. Fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV were detected in all clonal cell lines tested. Each cloned stromal cell line or parent stromal cell culture was also tested in vitro for support of engrafted hemopoietic stem cells. Engrafted hemopoietic stem cells from C57BL/6J LTBMCs forming CFU-GEMM and BFUe colonies were supported at 76% and 44% efficiency by lines +/+2.4 and +/+1.10, respectively, compared to the number recovered from parent uncloned C57BL/6J stromal cell cultures. In contrast, cell lines Sld1 and Sld3 were significantly less supportive of CFU-GEMM progenitor cells (14% and 18% efficiency, respectively) and erythroid progenitors (6% and less than 0.1% efficiency, respectively). Some Sld lines also showed reduced support compared to +/+ cell lines of a clonal multipotential erythroid cell line B6SUtA. These permanent stromal cell lines should be useful in elucidation of the specific microenvironmental factors required for support of multilineage and erythroid progenitor cells.
Melt blends of PLA and amylopectin using EVOH as a compatibilizer : Part I: Morpological characterization (2008)

Melt blends of PLA and amylopectin using EVOH as a compatibilizer : Part I: Morpological characterization
Investigation on the Correlations between Droplet and Particle Size Distribution in Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (2008)

In this study, the measurement of droplet size distribution by means of a laser diffraction technique in ultrasonic spray pyrolysis was investigated. Effects of precursor temperature, spray volume rate, carrier gas flow rate, and physicochemical properties of precursors were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the mean size of precursor droplets decreased with increasing precursor temperature, concentration, and addition of alcohol, while it increased with increasing spray volume rate and carrier gas flow rate. Bimodal droplet size distribution was observed probably due to droplet coagulation effect. A cyclone or an impactor was used to control the droplet size distribution. Uniform droplets were obtained using a cyclone that removed large droplets. For comparison, spray pyrolysis of salt aqueous solutions, such as ZrO(NO3)2 and Ni(NO3)2, were also conducted. Particle size distribution of the spray pyrolyzed powders was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the particle size distribution of prepared solid particles was strongly dependent on, and could be controlled by, variation in the corresponding properties of the sprayed droplets.
Principles, Techniques and Perspectives on Optimization and HCI (2015)

We propose a workshop on the rapidly emerging topic of optimization and computational design in human-computer interaction (HCI). The workshop will tackle the following perspectives: defining and eliciting optimality criteria, optimizing at scale, optimization and user models, optimization for safety, optimization and design practice, optimization and users' perception of performance, and critical perspectives.
Slow Evaporation of Water from Hydrated Salen Transition Metal Complexes in the Gas Phase Reveals Details of Metal Ligand Interactions (1999)

Water clusters of salen [N,N‘-ethylenebis(salicylideneaminato)] transition metal complexes [(salen)M, M = Cr^(3+), Mn^(3+), Co^(3+)] formed by electrospray source have been investigated using a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. Kinetics of water evaporation from the cluster ions is observed to be highly dependent on the central metal ion. For example, the evaporation rate of water from solvated salen chromium ion ([SCr + nH_2O]^+) is significantly slower than that from solvated salen manganese ([SMn + nH_2O]+) and solvated salen cobalt ([SCo + nH_2O]^+) ions. Furthermore, the clusters of salen chromium ions with two waters attached exhibit special stability, indicated by their prominence in the overall cluster distribution. In contrast, no specific solvation is observed for the manganese and cobalt complexes. The lability observed for the hydrated salen cobalt complex suggests that the high-spin state is likely to be involved in the evaporation process. These results are in accordance with observations in solution-phase chemistry and can be explained by ligand field theory.
RANKL Cytokine: From Pioneer of the Osteoimmunology Era to Cure for a Rare Disease (2013)

Since its identification, the RANKL cytokine has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in bone homeostasis and lymphoid tissue organization. Genetic defects impairing its function lead to a peculiar form of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO), a rare genetic bone disease presenting early in life and characterized by increased bone density due to failure in bone resorption by the osteoclasts. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only option for the majority of patients affected by this life-threatening disease. However, the RANKL-dependent ARO does not gain any benefit from this approach, because the genetic defect is not intrinsic to the hematopoietic osteoclast lineage but rather to the mesenchymal one. Of note, we recently provided proof of concept of the efficacy of a pharmacological RANKL-based therapy to cure this form of the disease. Here we provide an overview of the diverse roles of RANKL in the bone and immune systems and review the clinical features of RANKL-deficient ARO patients and the results of our preclinical studies. We emphasize that these patients present a continuous worsening of the disease in the absence of a cure and strongly wish that the therapy we propose will be further developed.
Clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) receiving left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) (2022)

LVAD treatment of decompensated end-stage PPCM is feasible. Early LVAD provision led to hemodynamic stabilization in our cohort and facilitated safe LV recovery in one third of these young female patients.
Efavirenz Therapy in Rhesus Macaques Infected with a Chimera of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Containing Reverse Transcriptase from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2004)

The specificity of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) for the RT of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has prevented the use of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in the study of NNRTIs and NNRTI-based highly active antiretroviral therapy. However, a SIV-HIV-1 chimera (RT-SHIV), in which the RT from SIVmac239 was replaced with the RT-encoding region from HIV-1, is susceptible to NNRTIs and is infectious to rhesus macaques. We have evaluated the antiviral activity of efavirenz against RT-SHIV and the emergence of efavirenz-resistant mutants in vitro and in vivo. RT-SHIV was susceptible to efavirenz with a mean effective concentration of 5.9 +/- 4.5 nM, and RT-SHIV variants selected with efavirenz in cell culture displayed 600-fold-reduced susceptibility. The efavirenz-resistant mutants of RT-SHIV had mutations in RT similar to those of HIV-1 variants that were selected under similar conditions. Efavirenz monotherapy of RT-SHIV-infected macaques produced a 1.82-log-unit decrease in plasma viral-RNA levels after 1 week. The virus load rebounded within 3 weeks in one treated animal and more slowly in a second animal. Virus isolated from these two animals contained the K103N and Y188C or Y188L mutations. The RT-SHIV-rhesus macaque model may prove useful for studies of antiretroviral drug combinations that include efavirenz.
Natural Resistance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to the CD4bs Antibody b12 Conferred by a Glycan and an Arginine Residue Close to the CD4 Binding Loop (2008)

The human monoclonal antibody b12 recognizes a conserved epitope on gp120 that overlaps the CD4 binding site. b12 has neutralizing activity against diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. However, we recently reported that b12 sensitivity of HIV-1 envelopes amplified from patient tissues without culture varied considerably. For two subjects, there was clear modulation of b12 sensitivity, with lymph node-derived envelopes being essentially resistant while those from brain tissue were sensitive. Here, we have mapped envelope determinants of b12 resistance by constructing chimeric envelopes from resistant and sensitive envelopes derived from lymph node and brain tissue, respectively. Residues on the N-terminal flank of the CD4 binding loop conferred partial resistance. However, a potential glycosylation site at residue N386 completely modulated b12 resistance but required the presence of an arginine at residue 373. Moreover, the introduction of R373 into b12-sensitive NL4.3 and AD8 envelopes, which carry N386, also conferred b12 resistance. Molecular modeling suggests that R373 and the glycan at N386 may combine to sterically exclude the benzene ring of b12 W100 from entering a proximal pocket. In summary, we identify residues on either side of the CD4 binding loop that contribute to b12 resistance in immune tissue in vivo. Our data have relevance for the design of vaccines that aim to elicit neutralizing antibodies.
1735: Protective Effect of an Oral ECE-Inhibitor on in Vivo Detrusor Function in a Rat Model of Outlet Obstruction (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Wednesday, May 12, 2004, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20041735: Protective Effect of an Oral ECE-Inhibitor on in Vivo Detrusor Function in a Rat Model of Outlet Obstruction Annette Schröder, Masaomi Tajimi, Hiroko Matsumoto, Christian Schroder, Michael Brands, and Karl-Erik Andersson Annette SchröderAnnette Schröder More articles by this author , Masaomi TajimiMasaomi Tajimi More articles by this author , Hiroko MatsumotoHiroko Matsumoto More articles by this author , Christian SchroderChristian Schroder More articles by this author , Michael BrandsMichael Brands More articles by this author , and Karl-Erik AnderssonKarl-Erik Andersson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38927-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1735: Protective Effect of an Oral ECE-Inhibitor on in Vivo Detrusor Function in a Rat Model of Outlet Obstruction." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 459 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 459 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Annette Schröder More articles by this author Masaomi Tajimi More articles by this author Hiroko Matsumoto More articles by this author Christian Schroder More articles by this author Michael Brands More articles by this author Karl-Erik Andersson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Analysis and applications of r-for N protection system (2002)

The availability of a single member of a group of N functionally identical systems that work in parallel and share a pool of r backup systems is analyzed. These N+r systems, each with failure rate lambda , are repairable, and there are m repairers available, each operating at rate mu . A Markov model is used to derive formulas for availability, mean time to failure, and mean time to repair for such a system. The analysis results indicate that by increasing r and decreasing rho , the ratio of failure rate to repair rate, overall network availability is improved. It is shown that, for certain rho 's, some r:N pooled protections can significantly outperform 1:1 or 1:2 dedicated protection in terms of availability. The application of r:N protection to high-capacity transport systems is discussed, and it is indicated that multiwavelength systems may use additional wavelengths for protection. It is concluded that r:N protection can potentially provide both improved availability and significant cost advantages to the high-capacity transport systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Data from Cell Surface Delivery of TRAIL Strongly Augments the Tumoricidal Activity of T Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Adoptive T-cell therapy generally fails to induce meaningful anticancer responses in patients with solid tumors. Here, we present a novel strategy designed to selectively enhance the tumoricidal activity of T cells by targeted delivery of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) to the T-cell surface.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We constructed two recombinant fusion proteins, anti-CD3:TRAIL and K12:TRAIL. Tumoricidal activity of T cells in the presence of these fusion proteins was assessed in solid tumor cell lines, primary patient-derived malignant cells, and in a murine xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; When added to T cells, K12:TRAIL and anti-CD3:TRAIL selectively bind to the T-cell surface antigens CD3 and CD7, respectively, leading to cell surface accretion of TRAIL. Subsequently, anti-CD3:TRAIL and K12:TRAIL increased the tumoricidal activity of T cells toward cancer cell lines and primary patient-derived malignant cells by more than 500-fold. Furthermore, T-cell surface delivery of TRAIL strongly inhibited tumor growth and increased survival time of xenografted mice more than 6-fold.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Targeted delivery of TRAIL to cell surface antigens of T cells potently enhances the tumoricidal activity of T cells. This approach may be generally applicable to enhance the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(17); 5626–37. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Measurements of Debye-Waller factors in TiAl from energy-filtered HOLZ line intensities (1993)

This paper reports a new method to measure Debye Waller factors. The measurements are required for subsequent structure factor refinement in TiAl. The procedure is to obtain a large angle CBED pattern near a sparse zone axis, extract line scans along HOLZ lines from this pattern and use two beam intensity calculations to fit experiment and simulation by varying the Debye Waller factors. Unlike earlier work, we have used non-systematic reflections. The material studied is γ−TiAl (50-50), made from 25g ingots produced by arc-melting in an argon atmosphere, and homogenized for 1 day at 1473 K. Specimens were thinned by twin-jet electropolishing. Elastic energy filtered patterns are required for accurate quantitative comparisons between experiment and theory. A Zeiss 912 Omega TEM/STEM electron microscope was used to obtain energy filtered CBED patterns, fitted with an Omega imaging energy filter, which forms images or diffraction patterns within any desired energy loss range.
Highly Sensitive Resonant Magnetic Sensor Based on the Veering Phenomenon (2021)

We report a highly sensitive and miniature in-plane resonant Lorentz-force magnetic micro-sensor operating in air at atmospheric pressure. The concept is based on the detection of the resonance frequency shift of an electrothermally heated initially curved micro-beam experiencing the veering phenomenon (avoided crossing) between its first and third vibration modes. Finite element method (FEM) and experimental results show that the proposed micro-sensor exhibits high sensitivity around the veering regime for the third mode. When operated in the first mode, the micro-sensor shows a measured sensitivity (S) of 0.16/T, which is very high compared to the state of the art. At the veering phenomenon, the third mode is very sensitive to perturbations, and hence the micro-sensor becomes even more ultra-sensitive (S = 0.32/T) making it promising for various magnetic field applications. We report a minimum detectable magnetic field of 20 mT at atmospheric pressure.
Chronic vagal stimulation decreased vasopressin secretion and sodium ingestion in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction (2005)

Chronic vagal stimulation (VS) markedly improved long-term survival in the heart failure rats. We examined the effects of VS on arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion and salt ingestion in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction (MI). Surviving rats after MI were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was treated with sham stimulation (SS), and the other group was treated with VS. All rats could access water and 1.8% NaCl solution ad libitum. Treatment started at 2 weeks after MI, and continued for 6 weeks. We monitored drinking behavior during treatment. At the end of treatment, we measured hemodynamics and plasma levels of AVP and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). The plasma AVP and BNP levels were significantly lower in the VS group than the SS group. VS significantly inhibited the ingestion of 1.8% NaCl solution. The normalized biventricular weight of the VS group was significantly lower than that of the SS group. The VS group had significantly lower left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and higher cardiac index than the SS group. In conclusion, these results suggest that chronic VS regulates the water balance by suppression of plasma AVP level and salt ingestion in the heart failure rats after MI.
<title>Infrastructure for model-based OPC development in the deep submicron era</title> (2002)

In recent years, optical proximity correction (OPC) has become major technology to compensate the undesirable pattern distortions caused by systematic photolithography and etch variations. Model based OPC usually utilizes a scalar method to model diffraction limitations and coherence of optical system and empirical models to include etch variations. By calibrating the simulator to the experiential data from the focus exposure matrix (FEM) wafers, the lithography and etch errors can be predicted to some extent for 1D structures such as long lines and gaps. However, it has been difficult to predict the printability of such 2D patterns as line-ends, islands and small features with the simplified simulator. Furthermore, since the numerical aperture (NA) tends to increase in the state-of-the-art lithography and the wafer and mask topographies are becoming more complex, the optical simulator can no longer calculate aerial image correctly.