gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Severity of HCV-Induced Liver Damage Alters Glucose Homeostasis in Noncirrhotic Patients with Chronic HCV Infection (2000)

HCV-infected patients with normal glucose tolerance are insulin and glucose resistant. The impairment of glucose tolerance appears to be closely related with the severity of HCV-induced liver damage.
Schematic diagram of the radiation hybrid array-CGH methodology (2011)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Copyright information:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Taken from "Physical mapping of genes in somatic cell radiation hybrids by comparative genomic hybridization to cDNA microarrays"&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Genome Biology 2002;3(6):research0026.1-research0026.7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Published online 14 May 2002&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;PMCID:PMC116723.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Copyright © 2002 Lin et al., licensee BioMed Central Ltd&lt;/p&gt; Mutant rodent cells that have a recessive phenotype due to a mutation in a gene (gene 3, depicted as a red cross), are complemented by cell fusion with irradiated human donor cell lines. The resulting cells in the radiation-hybrid panel contain a full complement of the hamster genome as well as fragments of the human genome. Hybrids are complemented when they have retained the functional human chromosome fragment bearing the rescuing gene (in this case gene 3), resulting in restoration of the wild-type phenotype. Hybrids that were not complemented retain only random fragments of the donor genome (for example genes 1 and 2). The complemented and the non-complemented populations are separated by selection, resulting in enrichment of gene 3 in the complemented cells, which are used as the source of the test DNA probes (versus wild-type CHO DNA) on the array.
Heterogeneous molybdate catalysts for the generation of singlet molecular oxygen (1Δg) from H2O2 (1998)

The immobilisation of molybdate on Mg,Al-LDH leads to an active, heterogeneous catalyst that generates singlet molecular oxygen from hydrogen peroxide in the absence of soluble base
Direct brain recordings reveal hippocampal rhythm underpinnings of language processing (2016)

Language is classically thought to be supported by perisylvian cortical regions. Here we provide intracranial evidence linking the hippocampal complex to linguistic processing. We used direct recordings from the hippocampal structures to investigate whether theta oscillations, pivotal in memory function, track the amount of contextual linguistic information provided in sentences. Twelve participants heard sentences that were either constrained ("She locked the door with the") or unconstrained ("She walked in here with the") before presentation of the final word ("key"), shown as a picture that participants had to name. Hippocampal theta power increased for constrained relative to unconstrained contexts during sentence processing, preceding picture presentation. Our study implicates hippocampal theta oscillations in a language task using natural language associations that do not require memorization. These findings reveal that the hippocampal complex contributes to language in an active fashion, relating incoming words to stored semantic knowledge, a necessary process in the generation of sentence meaning.
Quantum Dots: Highly Efficient Green ZnAgInS/ZnInS/ZnS QDs by a Strong Exothermic Reaction for Down‐Converted Green and Tripackage White LEDs (Adv. Funct. Mater. 4/2017) (2017)

Highly efficient green-emitting Zn-Ag-In-S (ZAIS)/Zn-In-S (ZIS)/ZnS alloy core/inner-shell/shell quantum dots (QDs), realized by an exothermically generated ZIS inner shell, are presented by Y. R. Do and co-workers in article 1602638. A photoluminescence quantum yield of 87% with a peak wavelength of 501 nm is achieved. Candidates for applications involve white down-converted light-emitting diodes (DC-LEDs) providing high energy performance and ultrahigh color quality.
Tooth-whitening efficacy of custom tray-delivered 9% hydrogen peroxide and 20% carbamide peroxide during daytime use: a 14-day clinical trial. (2007)

Between-group comparison shows that while Colgate Visible White (9% hydrogen peroxide) provides a statistically significant tooth whitening improvement over Opalescence (20% carbamide peroxide) after 5 days of self-application, both products have a similar whitening effect after 7 and 14 days.
Ring Transformation of 1,2,6-Thiadiazine 1,1-Dioxides into Pyrazoles. A Convenient Syntjesis of N-Alkylsulfamides (1989)

Conversion of thiad~azines into pyrazoles by the action of hydrazine represents a new example of ring transformation and provides a new entry into N-methylsulfarnide.The latter has been used to prepare an E-methyl-3,5-diam1nothiadiazine which cannot be obtained by dlrect alkylatian.For many years, there has been considerable interest in ring transformat~ans caused by the action of nucleophiles on heterocyclic compounds'.We now wish to report conversion of !-substituted
A bi-specific inhibitor targeting IL-17A and MMP-9 reduces invasion and motility in MDA-MB-231 cells (2018)

The cytokine IL-17A is associated with the progression of various cancers, but little is known about the molecular cross-talk between IL-17A and other tumor-promoting factors. Previous studies have shown that the IL-17A-mediated invasion of breast cancer cells can be inhibited by selective antagonists of the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), suggesting that the cross-talk between IL-17A and MMP-9 may promote cancer invasiveness and metastasis. Here, we present a novel strategy for developing cancer therapeutics, based on the simultaneous binding and inhibition of both IL-17A and MMP-9. To this end, we use a bi-specific heterodimeric fusion protein, comprising a natural inhibitor of MMPs (N-TIMP2) fused with an engineered extracellular domain (V3) of the IL-17A receptor. We show that, as compared with the mono-specific inhibitors of IL-17A (V3) and MMP-9 (N-TIMP2), the engineered bi-specific fusion protein inhibits both MMP-9 activation and IL-17A-induced cytokine secretion from fibroblasts and exhibits a synergistic inhibition of both the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that dual targeting of inflammatory (IL-17A) and extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP) pathways can potentially be used as a novel therapeutic approach against cancer. Moreover, the platform developed here for generating the bi-specific IL-17A/MMP-9 inhibitor can be utilized for generating bi-specific inhibitors for other cytokines and MMPs.
Where Optics and Fluidics Meet (2006)

We have fabricated ultra-compact visible lasers based on photonic crystal and microdisk geometries within InGaP/InGaAlP quantum well material. These red lasers combine ultra-small mode volumes, low threshold powers and high switching frequencies with cavity volumes of below 0.01μm3, and are ideally suited for the needs of spectroscopic sources for microfluidic analysis.
Three-component synthesis of (E)-α,β-unsaturated amides of the piperine family (2001)

Selective formation of (E)-α,β-unsaturated amides by intermolecular three-component reaction between aldehydes, amines (1° or 2°) and ketenylidenetriphenylphosphorane (Ph3PCCO) is described. Natural amides such as fagaramide and piperines could be prepared from immediately available educts. The method is shown to be extendable to the preparation of thioesters from thiols and aldehydes.
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Analysis of Induced-Fit Molecular Recognition between Tetraarylporphyrin and Ubiquinone Analogues (1998)

The flexible host molecule 1 displays induced-fitting behavior due to atropisomeric interconversion upon binding to guest molecules, especially ubiquinone derivatives, such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethoxy-p-benzoquinone. In the presence of the quinone, the proportion of the best-fitting αααα-isomer increases from 11 % to 78% through the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds. This dynamic process can be fully accounted for by two parameters: a rate constant of internal rotation about the C(porphyrin)–C(aryl) bonds and the association constants between the individual atropisomers and the quinone.
Molecular Basis for Spirocycle Formation in the Paraherquamide Biosynthetic Pathway (2019)

&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;The paraherquamides are potent anthelmintic natural products with complex heptacyclic scaffolds. One key feature of these molecules is the spiro-oxindole moiety that lends a strained three-dimensional architecture to these structures. The flavin monooxygenase PhqK was found to catalyze spirocycle formation through two parallel pathways in the biosynthesis of paraherquamides A and G. Two new paraherquamides (K and L) were isolated from a ΔphqK strain of Penicillium simplicissimum, and subsequent enzymatic reactions with these compounds generated two additional metabolites paraherquamides M and N. Crystal structures of PhqK in complex with various substrates provided a foundation for mechanistic analyses and computational studies. While it is evident that PhqK can react with various substrates, reaction kinetics and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the dioxepin-containing paraherquamide L was the favored substrate. Through this effort, we have elucidated a key step in the biosynthesis of the paraherquamides, and provided a rationale for the selective spirocyclization of these powerful anthelmintic agents. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Preferential Association of Segment Blocks in Polyurethane Nanocomposites (2006)

Controlling the level of dispersion of silicate layers in polymer matrices through intermolecular interactions and exploiting these interactions to enhance thermomechanical behavior are key challenges in the field of polymer nanocomposites. In this investigation, unmodified Laponite platelets are dispersed in a segmented polyurethane containing a polar, hydrophilic soft segment and a hydrophobic hard segment using a novel solvent exchange method and compared to polyurethane nanocomposites containing more hydrophobic hard and soft domains. It was determined that the silicate layers were preferentially, but not exclusively, attracted to the hydrophilic, polar soft domains. An apparent microphase-segregated morphology was observed in transmission electron microscopy for this system, revealing regions of exfoliation and intercalation. According to polarizing optical microscopy, strain-induced alignment is inhibited for this polyurethane nanocomposite, which is reflected in dramatic reductions in tensile strength and ultimate extensibility. In comparison, the Laponite disks appear to be preferentially, but not exclusively, embedded within the hard domains in the segmented polyurethanes containing more hydrophobic hard and soft domains. Exfoliation of the clay platelets leads to enhanced modulus and toughness without a reduction in extensibility. This study provides clues for exploiting silicate−polymer interactions to tune material properties without chemical modification.
In vitro Synthesis of Human IgE: Reappraisal of a 5-Year Study (1985)

In the last 5 years some models of human IgE production in vitro have been investigated in our laboratory. Spontaneous IgE synthesis was found in cultures of B cells from most patients with atopic dermatitis or atopic patients with multiple sensitivities and from some patients with pollenosis, but only during the pollination period. A small and variable increase of the spontaneous IgE synthesis was induced by soluble factor(s) produced by T cells from patients with severe atopy. Selected helper T cell clones were also able to induce IgE synthesis in vitro by both atopic and normal B cells.
Preparation of Fine Implantable Needle-Type Glucose Lactate Dual Biosensors Using γ-Polyglutamic Acid (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Ion species fractions in the far-field plume of a high-specific impulse Hall thruster (2003)

An ExB probe was used to measure the ion species fractions of Xe(+), Xe(2+), and Xe(3+) in the far-field plume of the NASA-173Mv2 laboratory-model Hall thruster. The thruster was operated at a constant xenon flow rate of 10 milligrams per second and discharge voltages of 300 to 900 V. The ExB probe was placed two meters downstream of the thruster exit plane on the thruster centerline. At a discharge voltage of 300 V, the species fractions of Xe(2+) and Xe(3+) were lower, but still consistent with, previous Hall thruster studies using other mass analyzers. Over discharge voltages of 300 to 900 V, the Xe(2+) species fractions increased from 0.04 to 0.12 and the Xe(3+) species fraction increased from 0.01 to 0.02.
Mouse Monoclonal Antibody Directed against Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Synthesized in <i>Escherichia coli</i>: Detection of Reactive Antigen in Liver Cell Carcinoma and Chronic Hepatitis (1990)

A mouse monoclonal antibody directed against the protein product of the hepatitis B virus X open reading frame was prepared. This antibody was used to screen liver tissue sections from patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and patients with liver cell carcinoma (LCC). Reactive antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in about 30% auf the samples from CH patients and in about 80% of the samples from LCC patients regardless of whether tumor or surrounding nontumor tissue was analyzed. A predominant localization of the antigen in the cytoplasm was observed. In liver sections of CH patients the presence of HBx or HBx-related protein appeared to correlate with the presence of the classical viral antigens HBs- and/or HBcAg. A similar correlation was not found in liver or tumor tissue samples from LCC patients. The occurrence of X-monoclonal-antibody-reactive protein (Xarp) at a low frequency in liver tissue from patients without hepatitis B virus related disease suggests that Xarp in some cases may not be identical with the putative viral X antigen.
Effects of the novel thromboxane antagonist Bay U 3405 on experimental coronary artery disease. (1990)

Bay U 3405 is a novel thromboxane receptor blocker. The present investigations describe its effects on experimental canine and porcine cardiac damage. In anesthetized dogs, a coronary artery was occluded for 6 hours and reperfused for 30 minutes. Bay U 3405 was administered intravenously 15 minutes after occlusion (1 mg/kg) followed by infusion of 10 mg/kg/hr from 30 minutes after ligature. In a second study, the effects of Bay U 3405 on endoperoxide analogue U-46619-induced coronary constriction were studied in anesthetized, open-chest pigs. Bay U 3405 reduced myocardial infarct expansion by 65% (p less than 0.01) assessed with biochemical staining. Hemodynamics and collateral blood flow were unaffected. However, reperfusion arrhythmias were suppressed. In porcine experiments, 1 mg/kg Bay U 3405, given intravenously or intraduodenally, antagonized U-46619-induced coronary vasoconstriction over 5 hours. The studies demonstrate anti-ischemic and antivasoconstrictor properties of Bay U 3405 probably due to binding to platelet and smooth muscle thromboxane receptors. This may have clinical relevance in angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
Oligonucleotide that binds nuclear factor NF-kappa B acts as a lymphoid-specific and inducible enhancer element. (1988)

The immunoglobulin kappa light chain gene contains a lymphoid-specific enhancer that includes several short protein-binding sequences. The sequence that binds the nuclear factor NF-kappa B was tested for its ability to act independently as an enhancer element by inserting it into test plasmids containing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. When analyzed for activity by transient transfection into lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, a single copy of the NF-kappa B binding site could act as a tissue-specific upstream activating element. Two copies (dimer) showed 10-fold higher activity than did one copy and could act as an enhancer element 2.5 kilobases downstream of the transcriptional start site. The enhancer activity of this sequence was correlated with the presence of the cognate binding protein, NF-kappa B. This sequence acted as an inducible enhancer under conditions that induce NF-kappa B binding activity. Thus, the NF-kappa B binding site acts by itself as a tissue-specific and inducible enhancer element, and two copies show cooperative interaction.
Cloning a profibrotic stem cell variant in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2023)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, irreversible, and rapidly fatal interstitial lung disease marked by the replacement of lung alveoli with dense fibrotic matrices. Although the mechanisms initiating IPF remain unclear, rare and common alleles of genes expressed in lung epithelia, combined with aging, contribute to the risk for this condition. Consistently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have identified lung basal cell heterogeneity in IPF that might be pathogenic. We used single-cell cloning technologies to generate "libraries" of basal stem cells from the distal lungs of 16 patients with IPF and 10 controls. We identified a major stem cell variant that was distinguished from normal stem cells by its ability to transform normal lung fibroblasts into pathogenic myofibroblasts in vitro and to activate and recruit myofibroblasts in clonal xenografts. This profibrotic stem cell variant, which was shown to preexist in low quantities in normal and even fetal lungs, expressed a broad network of genes implicated in organ fibrosis and showed overlap in gene expression with abnormal epithelial signatures identified in previously published scRNA-seq studies of IPF. Drug screens highlighted specific vulnerabilities of this profibrotic variant to inhibitors of epidermal growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling as prospective therapeutic targets. This profibrotic stem cell variant in IPF was distinct from recently identified profibrotic stem cell variants in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and may extend the notion that inappropriate accrual of minor and preexisting stem cell variants contributes to chronic lung conditions.
Near-field thermal radiation transfer between semiconductors based on thickness control and introduction of photonic crystals (2017)

We numerically investigate the spectral control of near-field thermal radiation transfer using interband absorption in semiconductors and the band-folding effect in photonic crystals (PCs) for highly efficient thermophotovoltaics. We reveal that the near-field coupling between two semiconductors (Si and GaSb) realizes frequency-selective thermal radiation transfer concentrated above their bandgap energy when their thicknesses are optimized considering their absorption coefficient spectra. Moreover, we elucidate the role of PC structures in the near-field thermal radiation transfer and demonstrate that the band-folding effect in PCs can further increase both the radiation power and frequency selectivity of the near-field thermal radiation transfer.
Highly Convergent Total Synthesis of (+)-Acutiphycin (2006)

An enantioselective, convergent, total synthesis of (+)-acutiphycin (18 steps, longest linear sequence from commercial materials) features the first application of an alkynyl ether as a macrolactone precursor in total synthesis, as well as the first example of an intermolecular, SmI2-mediated, Reformatsky fragment coupling reaction. The high convergence, efficiency, and modular nature of this synthesis make it amenable to the synthesis of structurally related compounds.
NATURAL-CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A SQUARE CAVITY WITH TIME-VARYING SIDE-WALL TEMPERATURE (2005)

ABSTRACT The natural-convective heat transfer in an inclined square enclosure is studied numerically. The top and bottom horizontal walls are adiabatic, and the right side wall is maintained at a constant temperature T 0. The temperature of the opposing vertical wall varies by sine law with time about a mean value T 0. The system of Navier–Stokes Equations in Boussinesq approximation is solved numerically by the control-volume method with SIMPLER algorithm. The enclosure is filled with air (Pr = 1) and results are obtained in the range of inclination angle 0° ≤ α ≤ 90° for two values of Grashof number (2 × 105 and 3 × 105). It can be noted that there is a nonzero time-averaged heat flux through the enclosure at α ≠ 0°. The dependencies of time-averaged heat flux on oscillation frequency and inclination angle are depicted. It is found that the maximal heat transfer corresponds to the values of inclination angle α = 54○ and dimensionless frequency f = 20π for both Grashof numbers studied (2 × 105 and 3 × 105).
Is it possible to achieve the optimum throughput and fairness simultaneously in a MIMO Broadcast Channel? (2008)

In this paper, a MIMO Broadcast Channel (MIMO-BC) with large (K) number of users is considered. It is assumed that all users have a hard delay constraint D. We propose a scheduling algorithm for maximizing the throughput of the system, while satisfying the delay constraint for all users. It is proved that by using the proposed algorithm, it is possible to achieve the maximum throughput and maximum fairness in the network, simultaneously, in the asymptotic case of K rarr infin. We introduce a new performance metric in the network, called "minimum average throughput", and prove that the proposed algorithm is capable of maximizing the minimum average throughput in a MIMO-BC, in the asymptotic case of K rarr infin. Finally, it is established that the proposed algorithm reaches the boundaries of the capacity region and stability region of the network, simultaneously, in the asymptotic case of K rarr infin.
Oxalic Acid, a Pathogenicity Factor for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Suppresses the Oxidative Burst of the Host Plant (2000)

Effective pathogenesis by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum requires the secretion of oxalic acid. Studies were conducted to determine whether oxalate aids pathogen compatibility by modulating the oxidative burst of the host plant. Inoculation of tobacco leaves with an oxalate-deficient nonpathogenic mutant of S. sclerotiorum induced measurable oxidant biosynthesis, but inoculation with an oxalate-secreting strain did not. Oxalate inhibited production of H(2)O(2) in tobacco and soybean cultured cell lines with a median inhibitory concentration of approximately 4 to 5 mM, a concentration less than that measured in preparations of the virulent fungus. Several observations also indicate that the inhibitory effects of oxalate are largely independent of both its acidity and its affinity for Ca(2)+. These and other data demonstrate that oxalate may inhibit a signaling step positioned upstream of oxidase assembly/activation but downstream of Ca(2)+ fluxes into the plant cell cytosol.