gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-photorealistic camera (2006)

We present a non-photorealistic rendering approach to capture and convey shape features of real-world scenes. We use a camera with multiple flashes that are strategically positioned to cast shadows along depth discontinuities in the scene. The projective-geometric relationship of the camera-flash setup is then exploited to detect depth discontinuities and distinguish them from intensity edges due to material discontinuities.We introduce depiction methods that utilize the detected edge features to generate stylized static and animated images. We can highlight the detected features, suppress unnecessary details or combine features from multiple images. The resulting images more clearly convey the 3D structure of the imaged scenes.We take a very different approach to capturing geometric features of a scene than traditional approaches that require reconstructing a 3D model. This results in a method that is both surprisingly simple and computationally efficient. The entire hardware/software setup can conceivably be packaged into a self-contained device no larger than existing digital cameras.
Agent Virtual Machine for Shipboard Automation Systems (2007)

We are interested in providing an agent infrastructure for truly distributed control. Requirements include multiple language implementations so that this agent host environment can exist in both real-time controllers and contain the ability to operate with external agent systems. Our first infrastructure, the Autonomous Cooperative System (ACS), accomplished these goals, but presented other issues. Although ACS has been successfully deployed on commercial controllers, new releases of controllers will cause complications in the evolution of the software and adoption of future functionality. We need to establish a formal integration procedure of the agent functionality with the controllers and to transform the underlying system into a fully integrated and open heterogeneous system. With an agent-enabled control firmware, we can make shipboard automation system o more distributed and survivable by essentially eliminating single point of failures.
Distributed shared memory for function-grained graph reduction machine (2002)

The paper proposes an efficient DSM system, which enables tasks to access the virtual global memory, for the function grained graph reduction machine. The function grained graph reduction machine is a parallel machine with distributed memory, which stores the graph nodes representing function applications in the distributed memory and enables its processing elements to reduce them by executing tasks concurrently. The machine requires a global memory access system so that a task can access any of the distributed graph nodes. We describe DSM system that uses H-object as the unit of sharing and simplifies memory coherence problem by using the weak coherence semantics and two types of read operations. We also present the experimental results using the prototype machine built on a transputer network system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Immunogenicity of NYVAC Prime-Protein Boost Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Vaccination and Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Challenge of Nonhuman Primates (2018)

A preventive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine is an essential part of the strategy to eradicate AIDS. A critical question is whether antibodies that do not neutralize primary isolate (tier 2) HIV-1 strains can protect from infection. In this study, we investigated the ability of an attenuated poxvirus vector (NYVAC) prime-envelope gp120 boost to elicit potentially protective antibody responses in a rhesus macaque model of mucosal simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection. NYVAC vector delivery of a group M consensus envelope, trivalent mosaic envelopes, or a natural clade B isolate B.1059 envelope elicited antibodies that mediated neutralization of tier 1 viruses, cellular cytotoxicity, and phagocytosis. None of the macaques made neutralizing antibodies against the tier 2 SHIV SF162P3 used for mucosal challenge. Significant protection from infection was not observed for the three groups of vaccinated macaques compared to unvaccinated macaques, although binding antibody to HIV-1 Env correlated with decreased viremia after challenge. Thus, NYVAC Env prime-gp120 boost vaccination elicited polyfunctional, nonneutralizing antibody responses with minimal protective activity against tier 2 SHIV mucosal challenge.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The antibody responses that confer protection against HIV-1 infection remain unknown. Polyfunctional antibody responses correlated with time to infection in previous macaque studies. Determining the ability of vaccines to induce these types of responses is critical for understanding how to improve upon the one efficacious human HIV-1 vaccine trial completed thus far. We characterized the antibody responses induced by a NYVAC-protein vaccine and determined the protective capacity of polyfunctional antibody responses in an R5, tier 2 mucosal SHIV infection model.
Comparison of output from ORASIS and pixel purity calculations (1998)

We compare the results produced by the NRL ORASIS algorithm with those produced by ENVI's Pixel Purity Index. Both procedures attempt to find appropriate estimations of the constituent endmembers.
Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein-mediated macrophage stimulation may induce cellular adhesion and cytokine expression in rheumatoid arthritis (2007)

Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein (GITR) is one of the T cell co-stimulatory molecules and is associated with the pathogenesis of a number of autoimmune diseases. We investigated the expression patterns of GITR in human arthritic synovium and the role of GITR in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed the expression of GITR and its cognate ligand, GITRL, in macrophages in RA, but not in osteoarthritis (OA), synovium. To investigate the role of GITR in macrophage functions, primary macrophages from RA patients and a human macrophage cell line, THP-1, were analysed. Stimulation of the macrophages with anti-GITR monoclonal antibody induced up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and subsequent aggregation/adhesion, which was enhanced by the presence of extracellular matrix proteins and blocked by anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody. The validity of these in vitro observations was confirmed by immunohistochemical analyses of RA synovium, which showed strong expression of ICAM-1 in GITR-positive macrophages. Additionally, GITR stimulation induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in synovial macrophages. These data indicate that GITR, expressed on macrophages in human RA synovium, may enhance inflammatory activation of macrophages by promoting cytokine gene expression and adhesion between cells and to extracellular matrix in RA synovium.
Design of a Direct Conversion Transmitter to Resist Combined Effects of Power Amplifier Distortion and Local Oscillator Pulling (2012)

This work elucidates how the combined effects of power-amplifier distortion and local-oscillator (LO) pulling adversely impact a wireless direct-conversion transmitter (DCT) that adopts a time-varying envelope modulation. An analytical model is developed to evaluate the deterioration of DCT output signal quality, including error vector magnitude, adjacent channel power ratio, and spectral regrowth. Additionally, an integrated approach for PA linearization and anti-LO pulling is designed based on an open-loop digital-predistortion method and the proposed analog feedback compensation mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate that a quadrature-modulation-based DCT that incorporates the proposed approaches can significantly improve the LO spectral purity, while achieving a high linearity and efficiency performance simultaneously. These attributes are highly desired for third-generation systems such as cdma2000 1x and W-CDMA.
Quantitative imaging of coronary blood flow (2010)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging modality based on the administration of a positron-emitting radiotracer, the imaging of the distribution and kinetics of the tracer, and the interpretation of the physiological events and their meaning with respect to health and disease. PET imaging was introduced in the 1970s and numerous advances in radiotracers and detection systems have enabled this modality to address a wide variety of clinical tasks, such as the detection of cancer, staging of Alzheimer's disease, and assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). This review provides a description of the logic and the logistics of the processes required for PET imaging and a discussion of its use in guiding the treatment of CAD. Finally, we outline prospects and limitations of nanoparticles as agents for PET imaging.
Orthogonal complementary codes with Doppler-offset for MIMO radar waveforms (2015)

The paper proposes the MIMO waveforms consisted of Doppler-offset orthogonal complementary codes (DO-OCC) for realizing high update rate MIMO system. The DO-OCC waveforms have low cross-correlation among multiplexed waves and low autocorrelation peak side-lobe level (PSL) even in a channel fluctuation condition. Computer simulation and experimental measurements have been done for verification. Consequently, our work proves the effectiveness of the proposed MIMO waveforms for high update rate MIMO radars systems.
Indoor Office Wideband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Channel Models at 28 and 73 GHz for Ultra-Dense 5G Wireless Networks (2015)

Ultra-wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) propagation measurements were conducted in the 28- and 73-GHz frequency bands in a typical indoor office environment in downtown Brooklyn, New York, on the campus of New York University. The measurements provide large-scale path loss and temporal statistics that will be useful for ultra-dense indoor wireless networks for future mmWave bands. This paper presents the details of measurements that employed a 400 Megachips-per-second broadband sliding correlator channel sounder, using rotatable highly directional horn antennas for both co-polarized and cross-polarized antenna configurations. The measurement environment was a closed-plan in-building scenario that included a line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight corridor, a hallway, a cubicle farm, and adjacent-room communication links. Well-known and new single-frequency and multi-frequency directional and omnidirectional large-scale path loss models are presented and evaluated based on more than 14 000 directional power delay profiles acquired from unique transmitter and receiver antenna pointing angle combinations. Omnidirectional path loss models, synthesized from the directional measurements, are provided for the case of arbitrary polarization coupling, as well as for the specific cases of co-polarized and cross-polarized antenna orientations. The results show that novel large-scale path loss models provided here are simpler and more physically based compared to previous 3GPP and ITU indoor propagation models that require more model parameters and offer very little additional accuracy and lack a physical basis. Multipath time dispersion statistics for mmWave systems using directional antennas are presented for co-polarization, crosspolarization, and combined-polarization scenarios, and show that the multipath root mean square delay spread can be reduced when using transmitter and receiver antenna pointing angles that result in the strongest received power. Raw omnidirectional path loss data and closed-form optimization formulas for all path loss models are given in the Appendices.
HIF-1-Dependent VEGF Reporter Gene Assay by a Stable Transformant of CHO Cells. (2003)

For the establishment of a screening system to detect inhibitors of vascular endotherial growth factor (VEGF) expression, a stable transformant of Chinese hamster ovary cells was isolated and cloned by transfection of a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-dependent VEGF promoter reporter gene. The expression of the reporter gene in the clone cells, as measured by luciferase activity, was stable. Hypoxic responses were best observed at an initial cell density of 2 x 10(4)/well. The maximal increase of luciferase activity was 30 fold. In the highest cell density of 8 x 10(4)/well (2.1 x 10(5)/cm(2)), basal activity was increased 13-15 fold compared to that at the lower cell densities, and did not respond to hypoxia. Addition of CoCl(2), which is known to mimic hypoxia, increased luciferase activity more than 10 times in normoxia. Nitric oxide donors, which are known to suppress the activation of HIF-1, inhibited expression of the VEGF promoter reporter gene under hypoxia. Histone deacetylase inhibitors, trichostatin A and sodium n-butyrate which are known to stimulate transcription of many genes enhanced its transcription in hypoxia. These results indicate that the stable transformant is a useful tool for screening of HIF-1 modifiers.
A general coordination‐ionization scheme for polyhydroxy carboxylic acids in water (1989)

Abstract The structural changes of coordination compounds of polyhydroxy carboxylic acids as a function of the pH are discussed. A general coordination‐ionization scheme, based on literature data and covering some forty cations, is provided. The following trend is observed on going from low to high pH: ( i )bidentate coordination of the cation by the α‐hydroxy carboxylic acid moiety, ( ii ) ionization of the carboxylic acid function, ( iii ) ionization of the α‐hydroxyl group and ( iv ) coordination by an ionized‐diol function. For complexes of metal ions, the pH effects are correlated with the acidity of the hydrated cation and explained using an extended electrostatic model. The coordination‐ionization scheme provides an explanation for and allows prediction of both metal‐ion‐catalyzed addition reactions and synergetic effects in sequestering agents.
Enantioselective total synthesis of the indole alkaloid 16-episilicine (2009)

The first total synthesis of (-)-16-episilicine has been completed from a phenylglycinol-derived bicyclic lactam, the key steps being stereoselective conjugate addition and alkylation reactions, and a ring-closing metathesis.
Command Surface of Self-Organizing Structures by Radical Polymers with Cooperative Redox Reactivity (2017)

Robust radical-substituted polymers with ideal redox capability were used as "command surfaces" for liquid crystal orientation. The alignment of the smectic liquid crystal electrolytes with low-dimensional ion conduction pathways was reversible and readily switched in response to the redox states of the polymers. In one example, a charge storage device with a cooperative redox effect was fabricated. The bulk ionic conductivity of the cell was significantly decreased only after the electrode was fully charged, due to the anisotropic ionic conductivity of the electrolytes (ratio >10<sup>3</sup>). The switching enabled both a rapid cell response and long charge retention. Such a cooperative command surface of self-assembled structures will give rise to new highly energy efficient supramolecular-based devices including batteries, charge carriers, and actuators.
A model system for antiviral siRNA therapeutics using exosome-based delivery (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.011.].
Improving model calibration with accuracy versus uncertainty optimization (2020)

Obtaining reliable and accurate quantification of uncertainty estimates from deep neural networks is important in safety-critical applications. A well-calibrated model should be accurate when it is certain about its prediction and indicate high uncertainty when it is likely to be inaccurate. Uncertainty calibration is a challenging problem as there is no ground truth available for uncertainty estimates. We propose an optimization method that leverages the relationship between accuracy and uncertainty as an anchor for uncertainty calibration. We introduce a differentiable accuracy versus uncertainty calibration (AvUC) loss function that allows a model to learn to provide well-calibrated uncertainties, in addition to improved accuracy. We also demonstrate the same methodology can be extended to post-hoc uncertainty calibration on pretrained models. We illustrate our approach with mean-field stochastic variational inference and compare with state-of-the-art methods. Extensive experiments demonstrate our approach yields better model calibration than existing methods on large-scale image classification tasks under distributional shift.
Supplementary Data from PRDM1 Is Required for Mantle Cell Lymphoma Response to Bortezomib (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S2 and Supplementary Tables S1-S3.&lt;/p&gt;
Herbicidal Inhibition of Carotenogenesis Detected by HPLC (1990)

The target sites of three herbicides which inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis have been characterized using HPLC analysis of pigment extracts from two higher plant systems, carrot cell suspension cultures and barley seedlings. Diflufenican causes an accumulation of phytoene and phytofluene. Dichlormate causes accumulation of phytoene, phytofluene, ξ-carotene, neurosporene and β-zeacarotene. Amitrole causes accumulation of phytoene, phytofluene, β- γ- and δ-carotenes and lycopene. Significant differences in the geometric and hydroxylated natures of the accumulated precursors occurred between the carrot cell and dark- and light-grown barley. These differences are discussed with respect to both the target sites of the three carotenogenic herbicides and the biosynthetic pathway leading to carotenoid biosynthesis in higher plants.
Effects of C, Nb and Ni on the toughness of heat affected zone of welded joints in steels of storage tanks for low temperature use. (1990)

This paper describes an extensive study on the effects of C, Nb and Ni on the toughness of heat affected zone of welded joints in low Ni (1.5-3.5%) steels for LPG storage tanks and 9%Ni steel for LNG storage tanks. The toughness of heat affected zone of welded joints is mainly studied with use of the specimens orenared by thermal cycle simulation.The decrease in C content to 0.01 % improves the toughness of fusion line of welded joint of the 2.5% Ni steel, while it deteriorates the toughness of 9%Ni steel. In both steels, the fraction of island martensite in the welded joint decreases, resulting in the improvement of toughness. However, coarsening of microstructure, which lowers toughness, is more extensive for the 9%Ni steel. The difference in microstructure coarsening of both steels seems to be a cause for the difference in the toughness.The addition of 0.03%Nb improves the toughness of the 0.01-0.05%C-2.5%Ni steel through the refining of microstructure, but does not improve the toughness of the 0.01-0.06%C-9%Ni steel.The increase in Ni content from 1.5% to 2.5% improves the toughness of the 0.01%C steel, while a further increase of Ni content to 3.5% lowers toughness. This comes from the intensive formation of island martensite.These results are applied to the production of 0.01%C-2.5%Ni and 0.06%C-9%Ni steels with good toughness of fusion line of welded joints for LPG and LNG storage tanks, respectively.
HPLC/MSn Profiling and Healing Activity of a Muco-Adhesive Formula of Salvadora persica against Acetic Acid-Induced Oral Ulcer in Rats (2021)

<i>Salvadora persica</i> L. (<i>S. persica</i>, Siwak) is an ethnic plant that is widely used for improving oral hygiene. This study aimed to provide a phytochemical profiling of <i>S. persica</i> ethyl acetate fraction (SPEAF) and to evaluate the healing activity of a muco-adhesive formula of the fraction against acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in rats. HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS-MS analysis of SPEAF resulted in the tentative identification of 56 metabolites containing fatty acids (23%), urea derivatives (10.5%) and sulphur compounds (10%), in addition to several amides, polyphenols and organic acids (6.5%, 5% and 2%, respectively). For the first time, 19 compounds were identified from <i>S. persica.</i> In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that the extract is non-toxic. SPEAF exhibited superior healing activities compared to both the negative and positive control groups on days 7 and 14 of tongue ulcer induction. This was confirmed by histopathological examinations of haematoxylin and eosin-stained (H&E) and Masson's trichrome-stained tongue sections. Moreover, SPEAF showed potent anti-inflammatory activities, as evidenced by the inhibited expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, SPEAF exhibited potent antioxidant activity, as it prevented malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion and superoxide dismutase (SOD) exhaustion. SPEAF significantly enhanced hydroxyproline tongue content and upregulated collagen type I alpha 1 (Col1A1) mRNA expression. SPEAF also improved angiogenesis, as shown by the increased mRNA expression of the angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). In conclusion, <i>S. persica</i> has a wide range of secondary metabolites and ameliorates acetic acid-induced tongue ulcers in rats. This can be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, procollagen and angiogenic activities. These findings provide support and validity for the use of <i>S. persica</i> as a traditional and conventional treatment for oral disorders.
Nuclear Factor‐κB is Involved in the Catecholaminergic Suppression of Immunocompetent Cells (2000)

Catecholamines are known to exert a powerful impact on the immune system by downregulation of proliferation and differentiation, and induction of apoptosis. However, the mechanism for this regulatory route is still unclear. Therefore well established human monocytic cell-lines and nontransformed human monocytes, obtained from peripheral blood, were incubated with an optimal concentration of LPS and varying concentrations of the catecholamine dopamine. The proliferative response to LPS was determined by [3H]thymidine incorporation, and a significant suppressive effect by dopamine was obtained. LPS-induced binding of NF-kappa B to DNA, determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, was inhibited by extrinsic dopamine, leading to a decreased proliferation and cytokine expression. In contrast, the intracellular ceramide concentration was not affected by incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with dopamine. Our findings suggest that the NF-kappa B-I-kappa B transcription machinery may well be involved in the catecholaminergic regulation of the immune system, while the ceramide-SAPK/JNK cascade appears not to play a significant role in this suppression.
Fabrication of spiral-phase diffractive elements using scanning-electron-beam lithography (2007)

The authors report on the fabrication of binary spiral zone plates and investigate an approach using gray scale scanning-electron-beam lithography to fabricate spiral-phase plates. The optical performance of the spiral zone plates is characterized via photoresist exposures and compared to theory.