gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thoracic Injury Effects Of Linear And Angular Karate Impacts (1993)

Skilled karate practitioners are reputed to be able to completely disable an opponent with one blow -- when necessary. Immediate questions arise as to whether karate participants: (a) can, in fact, deliver disabling injurious blows to the thorax, (b) can have a greater ability to damage the body with some technique types over others, and (c) can wear readily available safety equipment to temper blows to below the level of medically severe injury. The viscous response criteria (VCmax), based on chest compression and compression velocity, has been devised to estimate level of injury to the thorax or chest. Accordingly, a VCmax =1.0 m/s is the level for a 25% probability of severe injury, such as liver or lung laceration. Twelve international class karate competitors of 3rd, 4th, and 5th degree or higher (master class) black belt ranks, were evaluated impacting the thorax of an instrumented anthropometric test dummy (ATD) to determine the probable injury effects of linear (thrusting) and angular (striking or snapping) types of karate blows, with and without a chest protector. Techniques evaluated were the roundhouse kick, backfist strike, side-thrust kick, and the reverse punch. Data were analyzed using a 2*3*4 ANOVA design with Tukey's Studentized Range follow-up tests to discriminate within condition differences.
The adjusted viscous response (VCmax) was the variable used for evaluation. Of the three skill classes evaluated, 3rd (M =1.2096, SD =.5309) and 4th (M =1.1127, SD =.4304) degree ranks generated statistically higher VCmax levels than master class competitors (M =.8036, SD =.2797) across all conaitions, F (2, 60) =7.57, F = .0012. The chest protector was found to be effective, F 0,60) =4.28, F =.0430, in attenuating the impact effects below the injury level (M =1.1382, SD = .4423 and M =.9535, SD = .4575, without and with the chest protector, respectively). The roundhouse kick (M =1.3778, SD =.4674) generated higher .VCmax than all other techniques, F (3, 60) =7.17, F = .0003,: the reverse punch (M =1.0122, SD =.3923); the side-thrust kick (M =.9538, SD =.4976); or the backfist strike (M =.8189, SD =.2986). No statistical difference was detected among the technique conditions. It was concluded that the highly skilled karate competitor could deliver severe or greater levels of damage to the thorax with karate techniques, especially the roundhouse kick. The level of damage to the thorax can be reduced below the serious level with the use of a chest protector.
Retinal Vasculature Findings Do Not Add Information About Cardiovascular Risk—Reply (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Utility of neurological smears for intrasurgical brain cancer diagnostics and tumour cell percentage by DESI-MS (2017)

Analysis of neurological smears by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is an emerging diagnostic strategy for intraoperative consultation in brain tumor resection. DESI-MS allows rapid sampling while providing accurate diagnostic information. We assess the chemical homogeneity of neurological smears using DESI-MS imaging and the quality of rapid DESI-MS diagnosis.
Suppression of liver transplant rejection by anti-donor MHC antibodies via depletion of donor immunogenic dendritic cells (2020)

DST-antibodies and anti-donor MHCII antibodies could suppress the CD8+ T-cell-mediated liver transplant rejection by depleting donor immunogenic DCs, blocking the direct or semi-direct pathways of allorecognition. Donor MHCII-specific antibodies may be applicable as a selective suppressant of anti-donor immunity for clinical liver transplantation without the cellular damage of donor MHCII- graft cells and recipient cells.
A framework for building undergraduate student research skills through an independent engineering study course (2016)

This paper presents a framework for the undergraduate research experience that Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Senior Undergraduate students at Khalifa University, UAE pursue through a fourth-year technical elective course entitled Independent Study that is one-semester long. This course is an excellent example of self-directed learning as one of the most influential educational experiences that students might get involved in. Through this Independent Study course, the student has the opportunity to work individually and independently on an engineering research project, at an undergraduate level, under the supervision of an ECE faculty member. The faculty member acts as the research project academic supervisor. He provides guidance, gives technical advice, helps in setting milestone, defines a road-map, agrees on deliverables, verifies the objectives are met and outcomes are achieved, and finally evaluates the student performance upon the completion of the Independent Study project, by the end of the semester. The successful delivery of the Independent Engineering Study course at the undergraduate level is demonstrated through two real case studies, which involved state-of-the-art research on two prominent topics: "In Vivo Wireless Body Communication" and "Novel Localization Methods in Wireless Sensor Networks".
Reaction Intermediates in Acid Catalysis by Zeolites:  Prediction of the Relative Tendency To Form Alkoxides or Carbocations as a Function of Hydrocarbon Nature and Active Site Structure (2004)

The mechanism of protonation of ethene, propene, and isobutylene adsorbed on seven different Brønsted acid sites of mordenite has been studied at the ONIOM (B3PW91/6-31G(d,p):MNDO) theoretical level to assess the influence of olefin size and local geometry of the active site on the species and energies involved. The activation energies for olefin protonation are determined by short- and medium-range electrostatic effects and reflect the order of stability of primary, secondary, and tertiary carbenium ions. On the other hand, the stability of covalent alkoxides depends linearly on the AlO(b)Si angle value in the complex, which in turn is determined by the corresponding value in the deprotonated zeolite. It is also shown that the mechanism of protonation of isobutylene is different from that of ethene and propene and involves a free tert-butyl carbenium ion as a true reaction intermediate. Whether this carbenium ion is converted into a covalent alkoxide depends on the T position on which the Al is located. All these findings allow us to predict, on the basis of the position and local geometry of the Brønsted acid site, whether the reaction intermediates of olefin protonation will be covalent alkoxides or free carbenium ions.
The design and the performance of stratospheric mission in the search for the Schumann resonances (2017)

The technical details of a balloon stratospheric mission that is aimed at measuring the Schumann resonances are described. The gondola is designed specifically for the measuring of faint effects of ELF (Extremely Low Frequency electromagnetic waves) phenomena. The prototype met the design requirements. The ELF measuring system worked properly for entire mission; however, the level of signal amplification that was chosen taking into account ground-level measurements was too high. Movement of the gondola in the Earth magnetic field induced the signal in the antenna that saturated the measuring system. This effect will be taken into account in the planning of future missions. A large telemetry dataset was gathered during the experiment and is currently under processing. The payload consists also of biological material as well as electronic equipment that was tested under extreme conditions.
Most Frequently Asked Questions about the Coercivity of Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnets (2022)

Physically, the coercivity of permanent magnets should scale with the anisotropy field of ferromagnetic compounds, HA; however, the typical coercivity values of commercial polycrystalline sintered magnets are only ~0.2 HA, which is known as Brown’s paradox. Recent advances in multi-scale microstructure characterizations using focused ion beam scanning electron microscope (FIB/SEM), aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-corrected STEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) revealed detailed microstructural features of commercial and experimental Nd-Fe-B magnets. These investigations suggest the magnetism of a thin layer formed along grain boundaries (intergranular phase) is a critical factor that influence the coercivity of polycrystalline magnets. To determine the magnetism of the thin intergranular phase, soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and electron holography played critical role. Large scale micromagnetic simulations using the models that are close to real microstructure incorporating the recent microstructure characterization results gave insights on how the coercivity and its thermal stability is influenced by the microstructures. Based on these new findings, coercivity of Nd-Fe-B magnets are being improved to its limit. This review replies to most frequently asked questions about the coercivity of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets based on our recent studies.
Biodegradable cellular polylactic acid ferroelectrets with strong longitudinal and transverse piezoelectricity (2020)

Polymers with electrically charged internal air cavities (ferroelectrets) reveal a pronounced piezoelectric response and are regarded as soft electroactive multi-functional materials. This work presents preliminary results on the preparation and piezoelectric effect of ferroelectrets based on the polylactic acid (PLA) polymer. A distinctive feature of the manufactured films is that they are biodegradable. After a microstructure modification of carbon dioxide (CO2) foamed PLA sheets by hot-pressing treatment and corona polarization, these cellular films reveal large piezoelectric d33 and d31 responses in both quasi-static and dynamic modes. For freshly charged films, the maximum quasi-static piezoelectric coefficients are about 600 pC/N (d33) and 44 pC/N (d31) for a relatively thick film of 360 μm and a nominal porosity of about 60%. During the first 20 days after polarization, the piezoelectric activity decreases by half compared to the primary value, but then remains almost unchanged for a long time. Due to an already established inherent biocompatibility of PLA polymers, these eco-friendly ferroelectrets can be potentially used in various biological applications such as biosensors and microenergy harvesters embedded in tissue and artificial muscles.
Synthetic analogues of vitamin D3 with an oxygen atom in the side chain skeleton A trial of the development of vitamin D compounds which exhibit potent differentiation‐inducing activity without inducing hypercalcemia (1987)

Four analogues of vitamin D3 with an oxygen atom in the side chain skeleton were synthesized to determine whether their differentiation-inducing activity could be separated structurally from their activity to induce hypercalcemia. The order of the in vitro potency to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium in human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60) was 22-oxa-1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 greater than 1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 greater than 20-oxa-1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 not equal to 22-oxa-1 alpha-(OH)D3 greater than 1 alpha-(OH)D3 greater than 20-oxa-1 alpha-(OH)D3. 22-Oxa-1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 was also about 10-times more potent than 1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 in suppressing proliferation and inducing differentiation of mouse myelomonocytic leukemia cells (WEHI-3), but the former was much weaker than the latter in inducing the release of 45Ca from prelabeled fetal mouse calvaria. These results suggest that the differentiation-inducing activity of vitamin D compounds can be separated structurally from their activity to induce hypercalcemia.
Mono-static RCS reduction using modified Van Atta array (2013)

A new method was developed to reduce the monostatic RCS using modified Van Atta array topology. The deep null result of phase cancellation is made by controlling the length of transmission lines. Using array theory calculation and full-wave simulation, the proposed method was verified. For various incident angles, proposed array shows lower RCS level than that of identically sized metal plate. Especially, in case of boresight incidence, 22 dBsm of RCS was reduced.
Lactulose and Melibiose Attenuate MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Mice by Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, Reduction of Neuroinflammation and Up-Regulation of Autophagy (2020)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the ventral brain. A disaccharide trehalose has demonstrated the potential to mitigate the DAergic loss in disease models for PD. However, trehalose is rapidly hydrolyzed into glucose by trehalase in the intestine, limiting its potential for clinical practice. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective potential of two trehalase-indigestible analogs, lactulose and melibiose, in sub-chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD. Treatment with MPTP generated significant motor deficits, inhibited dopamine levels, and down-regulated dopamine transporter (DAT) in the striatum. Expression levels of genes involved in anti-oxidative stress pathways, including superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NQO1) were also down-regulated. Meanwhile, expression of the oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) was up-regulated along with increased microglia and astrocyte reactivity in the ventral midbrain following MPTP treatment. MPTP also reduced the activity of autophagy, evaluated by the autophagosomal marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II. Lactulose and melibiose significantly rescued motor deficits, increased dopamine in the striatum, reduced microglia and astrocyte reactivity as well as decreased levels of 4-HNE. Furthermore, lactulose and melibiose up-regulated SOD2, NRF2, and NQO1 levels, as well as enhanced the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the ventral midbrain with MPTP treatment. Our findings indicate the potential of lactulose and melibiose to protect DAergic neurons in PD.
Abstract 1136: Detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells in localized and metastatic prostate cancer patients using CTC-Chip microfluidic technology (2010)

Abstract Despite recent molecular advances, the treatment of localized and metastatic prostate cancer has changed little in recent decades and it remains a major cause of cancer deaths in men. Localized prostate cancer may be either indolent or invasive, without reliable distinguishing markers, and the absence of tumor tissue from patients with metastatic bone disease has hampered understanding of acquired resistance to primary hormonal therapy. Given the predominant hematogenous spread of prostate cancer, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may provide an indicator of vascular invasiveness, as well as a source of tumor specimens for molecular analysis, but available technologies have been limited by relatively low sensitivity. Huge strides in engineering at smaller scales have lead to the tremendous progress in microfabricated devices to facilitate both applied and basic research. Applying a multi-disciplinary approach, we have developed a microfluidic technology “CTC-Chip” for diagnosis and monitoring of non-hematological cancers. Using the CTC-Chip, we were able to isolate CTCs in patients with both localized and metastatic prostate cancer. In patients with advanced cancer, CTCs were present at a frequency of 34 CTCs/mL (range 14-653), with a profound decline in numbers during response to hormone withdrawal therapy. Molecular markers, including the characteristic TMPRSS2-ERG translocation, are readily identified in CTCs. In patients with early stage, resectable prostate cancer, we have monitored CTC load in circulation following surgical resection of the primary tumor. CTCs were examined the day following surgical resection, at postoperative day 9, and at greater than 3 months, coincident with scheduled postoperative clinical visits. Longitudinal monitoring of CTCs revealed all CTC-positive cases showed disappearance of CTCs following prostate resection, with some having an immediate decline and others having a delayed (&amp;gt;24 hours) response. No evident differences in tumor pathology or operative procedure distinguished patients with a rapid versus delayed postoperative CTC decline. Dual staining of captured CTCs for PSA and Ki67 indicated a broad range in proliferative index of CTCs among patients with different clinical courses. Thus, the quantitative isolation and analysis of CTCs in both localized and metastatic prostate cancer provides novel insights into early hematogenous dissemination and enables molecular analyses of treatment-responsive and -resistant disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1136.
A Low Power, Fully Event-Based Gesture Recognition System (2017)

We present the first gesture recognition system implemented end-to-end on event-based hardware, using a TrueNorth neurosynaptic processor to recognize hand gestures in real-time at low power from events streamed live by a Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS). The biologically inspired DVS transmits data only when a pixel detects a change, unlike traditional frame-based cameras which sample every pixel at a fixed frame rate. This sparse, asynchronous data representation lets event-based cameras operate at much lower power than frame-based cameras. However, much of the energy efficiency is lost if, as in previous work, the event stream is interpreted by conventional synchronous processors. Here, for the first time, we process a live DVS event stream using TrueNorth, a natively event-based processor with 1 million spiking neurons. Configured here as a convolutional neural network (CNN), the TrueNorth chip identifies the onset of a gesture with a latency of 105 ms while consuming less than 200 mW. The CNN achieves 96.5% out-of-sample accuracy on a newly collected DVS dataset (DvsGesture) comprising 11 hand gesture categories from 29 subjects under 3 illumination conditions.
Development of a neutronics calculation method for designing commercial type Japanese sodium-cooled fast reactor (2012)

Under the R and D project to improve the modeling accuracy for the design of fast breeder reactors the authors are developing a neutronics calculation method for designing a large commercial type sodium- cooled fast reactor. The calculation method is established by taking into account the special features of the reactor such as the use of annular fuel pellet, inner duct tube in large fuel assemblies, large core. The Verification and Validation, and Uncertainty Qualification (V and V and UQ) of the calculation method is being performed by using measured data from the prototype FBR Monju. The results of this project will be used in the design and analysis of the commercial type demonstration FBR, known as the Japanese Sodium fast Reactor (JSFR). (authors)
Scale and performance in a distributed file system (1987)

Andrew is a distributed computing environment being developed in a joint project by Carnegie Mellon University and IBM. One of the major components of Andrew is a distributed file system which constitutes underlying mechanism for sharing information. The goals of the Andrew file system are to support growth up to at least 7000 workstations (one for each student, faculty member, and staff at Carnegie Mellon) while providing users, application programs, and system administrators with the amenities of a shared file system. A fundamental result of our concern with scale is the design decision to transfer whole files between servers and workstations rather than some smaller unit such as records or blocks, as almost all other distributed file systems do. This paper examines the consequences of this and other design decisions and features that bear on the scalability of Andrew. Large scale affects a distributed system in two ways: it degrades performance and it complicates administration and day-to-day operation. This paper addresses both concerns and shows that the mechanisms we have incorporated cope with them successfully. We start the initial prototype of the system, what we learned from it, and how we changed the system to improve performance. We compare its performance with that of a block-oriented file system, Sun Microsystems' NFS, in order to evaluate the whole file transfer strategy. We then turn to operability, and finish with issues related peripherally to scale and with the ways the present design could be enchanced.
Magnetic Electrospun Fibers for Cancer Therapy (2012)

Abstract Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for magnetic hyperthermia in cancer treatment have recently gained substantial interest. Unfortunately, the use of free IONPs still faces major challenges such as poor tumor targetability, high variability in the amount of IONPs taken up by the tumor and the IONP leakage from dead cancer cells into the surrounding healthy tissues. The present work reports on electrospun fiber webs, heavily loaded with 50 nm sized IONPs. The high loading capacity of the fibers enables significant heating of the environment upon applying an alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, magnetic fibers can be repeatedly heated without loss of heating capacity or release of IONPs. Upon functionalization of the fiber surface with collagen, human SKOV‐3 ovarian cancer cells attached well to the fibers. Applying an alternating magnetic field during 10 minutes to the fiber webs killed all fiber‐associated cancer cells. Killing the cells using this method seemed more efficient compared to the use of a warm water bath. As the fiber webs can be i) loaded with a well‐controlled amount of IONPs and ii) localized in the body by Magnetic Resonance Imaging, magnetic electrospun fibers may become promising materials for a highly reproducible (repeated) heating of cancer tissues in vivo.