gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-related changes in blood-brain barrier integrity in C57BL/6J mice (2013)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by the endothelial cells of the brain microvasculature, which control the molecular traffic between the blood and brain to maintain the neural microenvironment.
Carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels support central nervous system-derived tumor-cell chemotactic migration: Comparison with conventional extracellular matrix macromolecules (2014)

The local microenvironment plays an important role in maintaining the dynamics of the extracellular matrix and the cell-extracellular matrix relationship. The extracellular matrix is a complex network of macromolecules with distinct mechanical and biochemical characteristics. Disruptions in extracellular matrix homeostasis are associated with the onset of cancer. The extracellular matrix becomes highly disorganized, and the cell-matrix relationship changes, resulting in altered cell-signaling processes and metastasis. Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant pediatric brain tumors in the United States. In order to gain a better understanding of the interplay between cell-extracellular matrix interactions and cell-migratory responses in tumors, eight different matrix macromolecule formulations were investigated using a medulloblastoma-derived cell line: poly-D-lysine, matrigel, laminin, collagen 1, fibronectin, a 10% blend of laminin-collagen 1, a 20% blend of laminin-collagen 1, and a cellulose-derived hydrogel, carboxymethylcellulose. Over time, the average changes in cell morphology were quantified in 2D and 3D, as was migration in the presence and absence of the chemoattractant, epidermal growth factor. Data revealed that carboxymethylcellulose allowed for a cell-extracellular matrix relationship typically believed to be present in tumors, with cells exhibiting a rounded, amoeboid morphology consistent with chemotactic migration, while the other matrices promoted an elongated cell shape as well as both haptotactic and chemotactic motile processes. Therefore, carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels may serve as effective platforms for investigating central nervous system-derived tumor-cell migration in response to soluble factors.
Cultured human myoblasts and myotubes show markedly different transducibility by replication-defective adenovirus recombinants. (1994)

Human adenovirus (AV) is a favored vector for delivery of therapeutic genes into certain target cells, such as skeletal muscle cells for gene therapy. Here we show that replication-defective (E1 + E3 deleted) human type 5 adenovirus (AV) recombinants containing a reporter gene insert (RSV-luciferase or RSV-Lux) can very efficiently transduce cultured human myoblasts. However, transduction efficiency is about one order of magnitude less in cultured myotubes 16 days postfusion. The high transduction of myoblasts by AV-RSV-Lux could be effectively blocked by an arginine-glycine-asparagine (RGD) oligopeptide that serves as a ligand for the natural internalization receptor of AV. The normalized level of beta 3/beta 5-integrin, the main component of the internalization receptor for AV is about three times as abundant in myoblasts than in myotubes. This could contribute, among other things, to the relatively high susceptibility of myoblasts to AV infection and AV-mediated gene transduction.
Row fault detection system (2023)

An apparatus and program product check for nodal faults in a row of nodes by causing each node in the row to concurrently communicate with its adjacent neighbor nodes in the row. The communications are analyzed to determine a presence of a faulty node or connection.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Telomerase as an Important Target of Androgen Signaling Blockade for Prostate Cancer Treatment (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Telomerase as an Important Target of Androgen Signaling Blockade for Prostate Cancer Treatment
Genomes of cryptic chimpanzee Plasmodium species reveal key evolutionary events leading to human malaria (2016)

African apes harbour at least six Plasmodium species of the subgenus Laverania, one of which gave rise to human Plasmodium falciparum. Here we use a selective amplification strategy to sequence the genome of chimpanzee parasites classified as Plasmodium reichenowi and Plasmodium gaboni based on the subgenomic fragments. Genome-wide analyses show that these parasites indeed represent distinct species, with no evidence of cross-species mating. Both P. reichenowi and P. gaboni are 10-fold more diverse than P. falciparum, indicating a very recent origin of the human parasite. We also find a remarkable Laverania-specific expansion of a multigene family involved in erythrocyte remodelling, and show that a short region on chromosome 4, which encodes two essential invasion genes, was horizontally transferred into a recent P. falciparum ancestor. Our results validate the selective amplification strategy for characterizing cryptic pathogen species, and reveal evolutionary events that likely predisposed the precursor of P. falciparum to colonize humans.
Cochlear Implantation in Patients With CHARGE Syndrome (2016)

Preoperative determination of surgical accessibility through facial recess would be useful for safe surgical approach, and successful hearing rehabilitation was achievable by applying appropriate surgical approaches.
TLR8‐mediated activation of human monocytes inhibits TL1A expression (2009)

TLR play important roles in inflammation and innate immune response to pathogens. TLR8 recognizes ssRNA and induces NF-kappaB via MyD88 signaling. TL1A is a member of the TNF superfamily that markedly enhances IFN-gamma production by IL-12/IL-18-stimulated peripheral and mucosal CD4(+) T cells. TL1A expression is increased in the mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and is considered a key mediator of Crohn's disease (CD). We have previously shown that TL1A is strongly induced by immune complexes (IC) but not TLR ligands in antigen-presenting cells. However, a potential interaction between these pro-inflammatory signaling pathways has not been investigated. IC-induced TL1A expression of monocytes was potently inhibited by a TLR8 or TLR7/8 ligand (R848) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, when co-cultured with CD4(+) T cells, TLR8 ligands inhibited TL1A production, resulting in almost complete inhibition of IFN-gamma production by the CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IFN-alpha is not required for this suppressive effect by TLR8 signaling. Our data demonstrate for the first time a direct interaction between TLR and TL1A signaling pathways. TLR8 activation may be an important, novel pathway for targeted treatment of Th1-mediated diseases, such as CD.
A framed-quadtree approach for determining Euclidean shortest paths in a 2-D environment (1997)

In this paper we investigate the problem of finding a Euclidean (L/sub 2/) shortest path between two distinct locations in a planar environment. We propose a novel cell decomposition approach which calculates an L/sub 2/ distance transform through the use of a circular path-planning wave. The proposed method is based on a new data structure, called the framed-quadtree, which combines together the accuracy of high resolution grid-based path planning techniques with the efficiency of quadtree-based techniques, hence having the advantages of both. The heart of this method is a linear time algorithm for computing certain special dynamic Voronoi diagrams. The proposed method does not place any unrealistic constraints on obstacles or on the environment and represents an improvement in accuracy and efficiency over traditional path planning approaches in this area.
Evaluation of VT-1161 for Treatment of Coccidioidomycosis in Murine Infection Models (2015)

Coccidioidomycosis, or valley fever, is a growing health concern endemic to the southwestern United States. Safer, more effective, and more easily administered drugs are needed especially for severe, chronic, or unresponsive infections. The novel fungal CYP51 inhibitor VT-1161 demonstrated in vitro antifungal activity, with MIC50 and MIC90 values of 1 and 2 μg/ml, respectively, against 52 Coccidioides clinical isolates. In the initial animal study, oral doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg VT-1161 significantly reduced fungal burdens and increased survival time in a lethal respiratory model in comparison with treatment with a placebo (P < 0.001). Oral doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg VT-1161 were similarly efficacious in the murine central nervous system (CNS) model compared to placebo treatment (P < 0.001). All comparisons with the positive-control drug, fluconazole at 50 mg/kg per day, demonstrated either statistical equivalence or superiority of VT-1161. VT-1161 treatment also prevented dissemination of infection from the original inoculation site to a greater extent than fluconazole. Many of these in vivo results can be explained by the long half-life of VT-1161 leading to sustained high plasma levels. Thus, the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of VT-1161 are attractive characteristics for long-term treatment of this serious fungal infection.
Preparation of Bragg gratings in sputter-deposited GeO_2–SiO_2 glasses by excimer-laser irradiation (1996)

GeO(2) - SiO(2) thin glass films were prepared by the rfsputtering deposition method. Changes in the refractive index of -3% and in the volume of +18% were induced in the film by irradiation with excimer-laser pulses. Bragg gratings a (periodic surface-relief pattern with a sinusoidal wave) have been written in the film by irradiation through a phase mask.
Resonant coupled-cavity effects in VCSELs with annular ring contacts (2004)

The role of metal apertures in the mechanism of lateral mode confinement in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is clarified by means of a detailed effective-frequency-method analysis of an oxide-confined VCSEL structure with the radius of the oxide window exceeding that of the metal aperture. Ring metal contact layer on top of the VCSEL structure is shown to be able to change the conditions for the lateral waveguiding in VCSELs by significantly modifying the local resonant properties of the VCSEL cavity. The resonant effects are demonstrated in the longitudinal coupled-cavity system consisting of the designed laser cavity, determined by the lower and top DBRs, and a very short cavity formed by the top DBR and semiconductor-metal interface. The conditions for higher-order lateral mode suppression using metal apertures are established.
Tuning Topology of Photonic Systems with Transparent Conducting Oxides (2019)

Precise control over photonic states can be achieved in pre-engineered materials, like photonic crystals and meta-structures. However, high fabrication precisions are required due to the sensitivity of such states to different perturbation channels. Hence photonic states that immune to disorder in the system is in high demand. In this work, we propose a hybrid platform that integrates tunable transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) and a standard silicon-on-insulator waveguide technology, to achieve ultrafast all-optical control of the topology of photonic states. Particularly, we demonstrate that ultrafast control of coupling between ring resonators with integrated TCO modulators enables a synthetic gauge magnetic field and therefore provides ultrafast control of topology protection. The approach can be used for the realization of topological phase transitions, an essential component of several emerging photonic applications, including topologically protected optical modulators and switches.
The absence of twinning in a-orientated YBa2Cu3O7on (001) SrTiO3 (1988)

The authors report X-ray diffraction measurements of epitaxial crystallites in thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 on (001) SrTiO3. They are found to be orientated with either the a or c axis normal to the substrate surface, but no reflections from b-orientated crystals are observed. This means that not only are b-orientated crystals not present, but also that the a-orientated crystals are free from a-b twins. It is proposed that this is due to substrate-induced strain.
Robust 2-D Model-Based Object Recognition (1988)

Techniques, suitable for parallel implementation, for robust 2D model-based object recognition in the presence of sensor error are studied. Models and scene data are represented as local geometric features and robust hypothesis of feature matchings and transformations is considered. Bounds on the error in the image feature geometry are assumed constraining possible matchings and transformations. Transformation sampling is introduced as a simple, robust, polynomial-time, and highly parallel method of searching the space of transformations to hypothesize feature matchings. Key to the approach is that error in image feature measurement is explicitly accounted for. A Connection Machine implementation and experiments on real images are presented.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Polysilylenes by Reductive Coupling of Disubstituted Dichlorosilanes with Alkali Metals (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSonochemical Synthesis of Polysilylenes by Reductive Coupling of Disubstituted Dichlorosilanes with Alkali MetalsKrzysztof Matyjaszewski, Dorota Greszta, Jeffrey S. Hrkach, and Hwan Kyu KimCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1, 59–72Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00105a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00105a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views356Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stability and decomposition of gaseous allylcyclopentadienylpalladium (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStability and decomposition of gaseous allylcyclopentadienylpalladiumG. T. Stauf, P. A. Dowben, K. Emrich, S. Barfuss, W. Hirschwald, and N. M. BoagCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 2, 749–753Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100339a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100339a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An Efficient Search Range Decision Algorithm for Motion Estimation in H.264/AVC (2009)

Variable block size motion estimation (VBME) is a new feature introduced in H.264/AVC video coding standard. VBME plays a significant rule in achieving outstanding performance in compression efficiency and video quality. However, the VBME is the most time consuming part of H.264/AVC encoder. In order to reduce computations in motion estimation module, this paper presents a novel adaptive search area selection method by utilizing the information of the previously computed motion vector differences (MVDs). The direction of picture movement of the previously computed blocks is also considered for search area selection. In this algorithm, narrow search ranges are chosen for areas in which little motion occurs and wide ranges are chosen for areas of significant motion. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides significant improvement in coding speed with negligible objective quality degradation compared to the full search motion estimation method adopted by H.264/AVC reference software.
A Novel Polymer Nanocomposite Graphene Based Gel for High Temperature Water Shutoff Applications (2018)

Abstract This study suggests a polymer nanocomposite gel system that can effectively be used as water shutoff material for high temperature reservoirs. Based on nanotechnology, a novel cost effective and ecofriendly polymer gel formulation is presented. This newly developed material extends the temperature limitations for high temperature reservoirs. In particular, this paper reports an innovative graphene-based zirconium oxide nanocomposite as a crosslinker for water shutoff utilizing polyacrylamide polymer and its derivatives. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were utilized to characterize the fabricated gel samples. The microstructure of the polymer nanocomposite gel was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The new developed formulation of the nanocomposite gel fluid was evaluated by rheometer tests at different ranges of pH (temperature up to 330°F) to study the gelation behavior and performance of the system for water shutoff application. Furthermore, the newly developed fluid system was injected into core samples to evaluate the ability of the gel to resist extrusion and determine the strength of the treatment under reservoir conditions. The polymer nanocomposite gel showed surprising mechanical properties with extraordinary thermal properties at elevated temperature. The TGA result revealed a remarkable shift of three main decomposition regimes at high temperatures, which confirms the enhancement of thermal stability of the synthesized nanocomposites polymer gel. The XRD pattern of the polymer gel had peaks that confirm the existence of the graphene and zirconium oxide in the system. The SEM images showed that this new class of polymer gel has a homogeneously distributed 3D network microstructure. The small size of the gel grid pores made the network structure thermally stable and firmly locked water within the gel even under high temperatures. The addition of sodium carbonate could also elongate the gelation time from ~70min. to 104 min at high temprature (330°F). The core flooding results showed a significant drop in water production for the sandstone matrix core that had higher permeability before the treatment. The developed nanocomposites polymer gel with enhanced mechanical and thermal stability can significantly reduce excess water production within high temperature reservoirs at lower costs than the currently available polymer gels.
Proton Conducting Sulfonated Poly(Ionic Liquid) Block Copolymers (2022)

Herein, we report the synthesis of proton-conducting sulfonated poly(ionic liquid) block copolymers (S-PILBCPs) containing one block with sulfonic acid (sulfonated styrene, SS) and the other with an IL moiety (vinylbenzylmethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, VBMIm-TFSI) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and post-polymerization modifications (i.e., functionalization, anion exchange reactions, and sulfonation). The S-PILBCPs uniquely conjoin the SS block with mobile protons (H+) and the PIL block with mobile anions (TFSI–), where multiple highly desired properties, including high proton conductivity (from the SS block), and high IL-philicity and oxygen solubility (from the PIL block) can exist compartmentally within a microphase separated morphology (evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)). High ion conductivity of 79.7 mS/cm at a PIL block composition of 21.6 mol % was observed at 80 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH) (comparable to the benchmark Nafion ionomer). This work successfully demonstrates the design of S-PILBCPs as a new material platform and showcases its promise as an ionomer for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) as they simultaneously and compartmentally combine proton conductivity and oxygen solubility. These benefits have recently been leveraged to achieve substantial improvement in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and subsequently fuel cell performance.
Blind Detection for Ambient Backscatter Communication System with Multiple-Antenna tags (2018)

Recently, ambient backscatter that utilizes surrounding radio frequency (RF) signals for both power and communications, has attracted vast interest since it can free sensors and tags from batteries and has extensive applications in Internet of Things (IoT), Existing studies about ambient backscatter often assume single antenna for each tag. Actually, as we show in this paper, equipping tags with multiple antennas can enlarge communication distance, enhance detection performance, and thus be practically useful. One key challenge of using multiple-antenna tags is the signal detection at the reader because the tag may have limited power and can transmit few training symbols. Therefore, in this paper, we design a blind detector based on F-test for the reader to recover tag signals without any knowledge of RF signals power, noise variance and all channel state information (CSI). Furthermore, we derive the lower and upper bounds of detection probabilities, and its exact expression in a special case. The optimal antenna selection scheme is also proposed to maximize the detection probability. Finally, simulation results are provided to corroborate our theoretical studies.