gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using video quality metrics for something other than compression (2018)

The development of video quality metrics and perceptual video quality metrics has been a well established pursuit for more than 25 years. The body of work has been seen to be most relevant for improving the performance of visual compression algorithms. However, modeling the human perception of video with an algorithm of some sort is notoriously complicated. As a result the perceptual coding of video remains challenging and no standards have incorporated perceptual video quality metrics within their specification. In this paper we present the use of video metrics at the system level of a video processing pipeline. We show that it is possible to combine the artefact detection and correction process by posing the problem as a classification exercise. We also present the use of video metrics as part of a classical testing pipeline for software infrastructure, but here it is sensitive to the perceived quality in picture degradation.
Pressure-Based Demand Aggregation and Calibration of Normal and Abnormal Diurnal Patterns for Smart Water Grid in Near Real-Time (2023)

An adequately calibrated hydraulic model is critically to the water distribution digital twin, which requires accurate representation of a water distribution network (WDN) in near real-time. It is thus imperative to construct an extended-period simulation model that captures the network’s baseline normal and abnormal diurnal demand patterns, which are usually derived using monitored flow data. However, from a practical field aspect, it remains challenging to calibrate multiple demand groups of varying diurnal patterns in large-scale WDNs, as flow data are typically collected sparsely due to cost considerations, while pressure sensors are commonly deployed throughout the network. In this paper, we propose a new pressure-based demand aggregation and pattern calibration method that leverages on monitoring pressure data to aggregate demands, identifying abnormal consumptions, and calibrating the diurnal patterns of various demand groups. The new method is integrated with previously developed model calibration framework and applied to a large-scale WDN system having more than 330 km of underground water pipelines with weekly averaged pressure and flow data, as derived from a maximum historical period of nine months. Key findings from our case study analysis for the seven averaged days (Monday to Sunday) include: (1) calibrating the system’s flow balance to within 99% average accuracy by identifying and calibrating five unique demand patterns, inclusive of those associated with abnormal consumptions, via grouping 34 available pressure sensors; (2) calibrating the system’s energy balance to within 95% average accuracy by iterating the simulated pressures against representative monitored pressure profiles of the different demand groups during the flow calibration process; and (3) achieving an average 2.5% accuracy improvement for the overall energy calibration, relative to that of the previous calibration approach. Throughout the solution process, significant engineering judgment is adopted, coupled with optimization analyses, to calibrate the system’s flow and energy balances while meeting the model constraints and data availability.
AMY: A simple and secure way to connect devices using pairing-based cryptography (2011)

We present the design of an apparatus that creates a personal private communication channel over computer-embedded devices. The prototype implementation of the apparatus demonstrated that it can securely and intuitively link devices with no contact with an online server while imposing low overhead.
Mobile robot localization by matching 2D image features to 3D point cloud (2013)

In this paper we describe a method for solving a mobile robot localization problem using prior data. By matching 2D image features to a 3D point cloud, the robot position is estimated in the prior point cloud. We prove our method by testing at specific locations over the whole point clod data.
SIW-Based Planar Orthomode Transducer for 28 GHz Applications (2019)

This paper presents a planar orthomode transducer (OMT) realized on a single PCB layer and operating in the Ka band. The transducer is based on a non-fundamental mode cavity in a substrate integrated waveguide that is connected to a dual-polarized metal waveguide through a slot aperture etched on a top PCB metal layer. The designed planar OMT is compact, low loss and wideband. The transducer was fabricated and measured. Measurements proved the calculated performance: 0.6 dB insertion loss and more than 27 dB of polarization isolation over the 27-30 GHz frequency band. In addition, the designed planar OMT has been exploited to feed a high gain lens antenna showing high radiation properties and minimum losses caused by the OMT.
Theoretical Calculation of Thermochemistry for Molecules in the Si−P−H System (1997)

Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been performed on species belonging to the Si−P−H system. These computations have been coupled to a bond additivity correction procedure to obtain heats of formation for 27 species. The Si−P single bond energy was found to be nominally about 300 kJ/mol, which is somewhat weaker than a Si−Si single bond. Multiple bond character in Si−P was found to be relatively weak.
Inhibition of α-l-fucosidase by derivatives of deoxyfuconojirimycin and deoxymannojirimycin (1990)

Deoxyfuconojirimycin (1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-L-fucitol) is a potent, specific and competitive inhibitor (Ki 1 x 10(-8) M) of human liver alpha-L-fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51). Six structural analogues of this compound were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit alpha-L-fucosidase and other human liver glycosidases. It is concluded that the minimum structural requirement for inhibition of alpha-L-fucosidase is the correct configuration of the hydroxy groups at the piperidine ring carbon atoms 2, 3 and 4. Different substituents in either configuration at carbon atom 1 (i.e. 1 alpha- and beta-homofuconojirimycins) and at carbon atom 5 may alter the potency but do not destroy the inhibition of alpha-L-fucosidase. The pH-dependency of the inhibition by these amino sugars suggests very strongly that inhibition results from the formation of an ion-pair between the protonated inhibitor and a carboxylate group in the active site of the enzyme. Deoxymannojirimycin (1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-mannitol) is also a more potent inhibitor of alpha-L-fucosidase than of alpha-D-mannosidase. This can be explained by viewing deoxymannojirimycin as beta-L-homofuconojirimycin lacking the 5-methyl group. Conversely, beta-L-homo analogues of fuconojirimycin can also be regarded as derivatives of deoxymannojirimycin. This has permitted deductions to be made about the structural requirements of inhibitors of alpha- and beta-D-mannosidases.
A phase I study of concurrent chemotherapy (paclitaxel and carboplatin) and thoracic radiotherapy with swallowed manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) plasmid liposome (PL) protection in patients with locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer. (2010)

e17501 Background: Esophageal toxicity has been accepted reluctantly, as a necessary side effect of the benefits of chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer. MnSOD is a genetically engineered therapeutic DNA/liposome containing the human MnSOD transgene. Preclincial studies in mouse models have demonstrated that the expression of the human MnSOD transgene confers protection of normal tissues from ionizing irradiation damage. Methods: Chemotherapy (carboplatin AUC=2 and paclitaxel 45 mg/m2 intravenously) was given weekly (for 7 weeks), concurrently with radiation therapy for pts with locally advanced NSCLC. MnSOD PL was swallowed twice a week (total 14 doses), at 3 dose levels: 0.3, 3, and 30 mg. Dose escalation followed a standard phase I design. Esophagoscopy was done at baseline, day 4 and 6 weeks after radiation with biopsies of the squamous lining cells. DNA was extracted and analyzed by PCR for the detection of the MnSOD transgene DNA. Results: Nine patients with stage IIIA (2) and IIIB (7) completed the course of therapy per study protocol. Five had squamous histology, 2 adenocarcinoma, and 2 not specified. These patients were treated in 3 different cohorts at 3 dose levels of MnSOD PL: 0.3, 3, and 30 mg. The median dose of radiation was 77.7Gy (range 63-79.10Gy). Overall response rate for the standard chemo-radiation regimen was 67% (n=9). Grade 2 dyspepsia and a grade 1 rash in one patient was considered possibly related to MnSOD PL. None of the other reported toxicities were considered possibly, probably, or definitely related to MnSOD PL. There were no dose-limiting toxicities reported in all 3 dosing tiers. MnSOD PCR product was not detected in the esophageal samples. Conclusions: The oral administration of MnSOD PL is feasible and safe. The phase II recommended dose is 30 mg. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Valentis, Inc.
New Lignans from the Perisperm of Sesamum indicum (2006)

A procedure, based on XAD-4 adsorption resin, which permits the obtainment of enriched polyphenolic extracts from Sesamum indicum perisperm (coat) has been developed. Chemical analysis of the obtained extracts led to the identification of 16 lignans. Among them, two new lignans, (+)-saminol and (+)-episesaminone-9-O-beta-D-sophoroside, have been isolated. Additionally, the relative stereochemistry of (-)-sesamolactol, previously reported as todolactol A epimer, has been unequivocally defined using X-ray crystallography. The structures of all new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly by the concerted application of 1D and 2D NMR techniques (HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and mass spectroscopy.
Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Real-time, Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging with an Optimized Dye/Light Source/Camera Combination for Surgical Guidance of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S2. S1. Schematic of the LimiNIR{trade mark, serif} System S2. PSMA expression in mouse epididymis and RT-PCR to validate the presence of PSMA mRNA&lt;/p&gt;
Homodyned-K quantitative ultrasound and machine learning for detection of lateral epicondylosis of the elbow (2019)

Lateral epicondylosis (LE) of the elbow is a common syndrome found among working-age individuals, leading to degenerative changes of the common extensor tendon (CET). Ultrasound (US) is well suited for the investigation of LE because of its relative affordability and good spatial resolution. Among quantitative ultrasound (QUS) imaging techniques, homodyned-K (HK) statistical modeling of the echo envelope aims at characterizing tissue microstructures. The goal of this study was to assess the potential of HK parameters in detecting LE. In this prospective study, 30 LE elbows in 27 patients and 24 asymptomatic elbows in 13 volunteers underwent US imaging of the CET and radial collateral ligament (RCL). After US imaging examination per clinical standard practice, a long-axis, 3-second loop of a radiofrequency US image sequence of the CET and RCL was acquired using a Terason t3000 US scanner (Teratech, Burlington, MA) equipped with a linear 12L5-MHz transducer. Three statistical parameters based on HK modeling were estimated on the CET region-of-interest: 1) mean intensity normalized by its maximum value; 2) reciprocal 1/α of the scatterer clustering parameter; 3) coherent-to-diffuse signal ratio k. Moreover, HK parametric maps were calculated on the CET-RCL region based on local estimation of the same parameters, from which were extracted additional features, as well as area of the two regions. Random forest classifier modeling identified the most discriminating combination of 3 features or less. The best combination of features was: CET global estimate of 1/α, CET-RCL area, and inter-quartile range of local estimate of k. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity of the QUS-based model were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-0.85), 0.73, and 0.79, respectively. These values are comparable with values obtained in a meta-analysis: pooled sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.87) and pooled specificity of 0.66 (95% CI, 0.60-0.72) when using US in the diagnosis of suspected LE.
The Lp_3561 and Lp_3562 Enzymes Support a Functional Divergence Process in the Lipase/Esterase Toolkit from Lactobacillus plantarum (2016)

Lactobacillus plantarum species is a good source of esterases since both lipolytic and esterase activities have been described for strains of this species. No fundamental biochemical difference exists among esterases and lipases since both share a common catalytic mechanism. L. plantarum WCFS1 possesses a protein, Lp_3561, which is 44% identical to a previously described lipase, Lp_3562. In contrast to Lp_3562, Lp_3561 was unable to degrade esters possessing a chain length higher than C4 and the triglyceride tributyrin. As in other L. plantarum esterases, the electrostatic potential surface around the active site in Lp_3561 is predicted to be basic, whereas it is essentially neutral in the Lp_3562 lipase. The fact that the genes encoding both proteins were located contiguously in the L. plantarum WCFS1 genome, suggests that they originated by tandem duplication, and therefore are paralogs as new functions have arisen during evolution. The presence of the contiguous lp_3561 and lp_3562 genes was studied among L. plantarum strains. They are located in a 8,903 bp DNA fragment that encodes proteins involved in the catabolism of sialic acid and are predicted to increase bacterial adaptability under certain growth conditions.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Enhanced URLLC and eMBB in 6G: Invited Paper (2021)

Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) is a flexible and robust multiple access scheme for downlink multi-antenna wireless networks. RSMA relies on Rate-Splitting (RS) at the transmitter and Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) at the receivers. In this work, we study the performance of RSMA in the scenarios related with the important core services of New Radio (NR) and 6G, namely, enhanced Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency (URLLC) and enhanced Mobile Broadband Communications (eMBB). We present the optimal system designs employing RSMA that target short-packet and low-latency communications as well as robust communications with high-throughput under the practical and important setup of imperfect Channel State Information at Transmitter (CSIT) originating from user mobility and latency/delay (between CSI acquisition and data transmission) in the network. We demonstrate via numerical results that RSMA achieves significantly higher performance than Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), and is capable of addressing the requirements for enhanced URLLC and eMBB in 6G efficiently.
A partial memory protection scheme for higher effective yield of embedded memory for video data (2008)

With the emerging SoC era the on-chip embedded memory will occupy most of the silicon real estate. As the technology proceeds into very deep submicron, the yield of SoCs will drop sharply mainly because of the on-chip memory failure. Therefore, the embedded memory is becoming the crucial part for achieving higher chip yield. In this paper, we propose an error-resilient video data memory system architecture design. The proposed scheme employs partial memory protection scheme rather than traditional whole memory protection. Our approach is based on the fact that video data memory need not to be error-free because multimedia data has built-in redundancies by their own nature and allows partial data loss without serious quality degradation. With our approach we can achieve 100% data memory yield while incurring a small power overhead. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approach with H.264 application up to 2.0% memory bit error.
A Content-Adaptive Analysis and Representation Framework for Audio Event Discovery from "Unscripted" Multimedia (2006)

We propose a content-adaptive analysis and representation framework to discover events using audio features from "unscripted" multimedia such as sports and surveillance for summarization. The proposed analysis framework performs an inlier/outlier-based temporal segmentation of the content. It is motivated by the observation that "interesting" events in unscripted multimedia occur sparsely in a background of usual or "uninteresting" events. We treat the sequence of low/mid-level features extracted from the audio as a time series and identify subsequences that are outliers. The outlier detection is based on eigenvector analysis of the affinity matrix constructed from statistical models estimated from the subsequences of the time series. We define the confidence measure on each of the detected outliers as the probability that it is an outlier. Then, we establish a relationship between the parameters of the proposed framework and the confidence measure. Furthermore, we use the confidence measure to rank the detected outliers in terms of their departures from the background process. Our experimental results with sequences of low- and mid-level audio features extracted from sports video show that "highlight" events can be extracted effectively as outliers from a background process using the proposed framework. We proceed to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework in bringing out suspicious events from surveillance videos without any a priori knowledge. We show that such temporal segmentation into background and outliers, along with the ranking based on the departure from the background, can be used to generate content summaries of any desired length. Finally, we also show that the proposed framework can be used to systematically select "key audio classes" that are indicative of events of interest in the chosen domain.
Towards stereochemical and conformational assignment in flexible molecules using NOEs and molecular modelling (1997)

The title methods are used firstly to assign the relative stereochemistry of the four diastereomers of a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivative, and secondly to define the preferred conformation of one diastereomer. The experimental constraints are obtained from steady-state NOE measurements and coupling constants, and are compared to calculated values using low-energy conformations calculated using the molecular mechanics program PCMODEL. The significance of the results is assessed by using a statistical analysis, based on an estimation of the magnitude of experimental errors, which produced the correct relative stereochemistries, showed that the experimental data are not fitted by any single conformation, and generated a preferred conformation which is very similar to that found in an X-ray structure. The method can give information on the relative stereochemistry of chiral centres several bonds apart.
Wireless Group Security Using MAC Layer Multicast (2007)

In a small PAN, devices are typically connected together over wireless or wired link layer technology and communication between devices is point-to-point or point-to-multipoint. In this paper, we discuss some common methods to negotiate unicast and multicast keys on MAC layer. We also present an upper layer group key management framework to facilitate flexible and secure group communication in a PAN. Our main observation is that the current MAC layer security solutions do not support well multicast communications. For improved efficiency, we propose to enhance the MAC layer security solutions with a multiparty handshake procedure.
The Smartpack®, a low cost high performance solution for power packaging (1999)

In this paper, Semelab introduces the Smartpack(R) novel semi-custom plastic power module. The Smartpack represents a breakthrough in the low cost packaging of semiconductor dies, and is suitable for almost any power electronic application, regardless of complexity. This paper details Smartpack's construction and demonstrates the module's thermal efficiency, electrical performance and reliability. (6 pages)
A CCD programmable signal processor (1990)

A generic large-coupled device (CCD) signal processor that performs 2.8-billion computations per second with a 10-MHz clock rate is described. The device's concept, design, operation, performance, and applications are reviewed. A dynamic range greater than 42 dB has been demonstrated by the device. This processor can be used as a one-dimensional correlator, a two-dimensional matched filter or a two-layer neural net device. The device demonstrates the flexibility and computational power that is possible using CCD technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Influence of molecular structure on the performance of low Vₒc loss polymer solar cells (2016)

Two regioregular narrow bandgap conjugated polymers (PM1 and PM2) containing the repeat unit BDT-PT-CPDT-PT (BDT = benzodithiophene, PT = pyridyl[2,1,3]thiadiazole, CPDT = cyclopentadithiophene) and different solubilizing alkyl side chains were prepared with the goal of understanding how chemical structure impacts the performance of low Vₒc loss bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells containing PC₆₁BM as the acceptor semiconductor. Both polymers show nearly identical orbital energy levels, a face-on orientation relative to the surface normal, and can be processed to yield continuous fiber-like networks in the active layer. Due to the choice of repeat units within the backbone structure, PM1 and PM2 exhibit shorter π–π stacking distances, relative to the previously reported low Vₒc loss regioregular polymer PIPCP. Finally, PM1 achieves an average PCE of 6.2 ± 0.2% and PM2 achieves an average PCE of 7.2 ± 0.1%. Devices exhibit low Vₒc loss and high short circuit current Jₛc, but, most significantly, display improved fill factors compared to previously reported PIPCP. A discussion is provided that seeks to identify structural features in conjugated polymers that lead to devices with low Vₒc loss and high external quantum efficiencies.
From the first loophole-free Bell test to a Quantum Internet (2016)

In July 2015 we observed the first Bell inequality violation with all experimental loopholes closed. We discuss this experiment as well as new results on the road towards a large-scale quantum network of diamond spins.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Disulfides and Related Substances. Part 45. Synthesis and Properties of Some Disulfide Sulfinate Salts Containing No Nitrogen. (1986)

Abstract The title salts (Ia)‐(Ih) (potential radioprotective agents) are prepared by reaction of the corresponding thiols (III) with dithiane dioxide (II) in the presence of sodium methoxide.
Coherence and wavefront characterization of Si-111 monochromators using double-grating interferometry (2010)

A study of the coherence and wavefront properties of a pseudo-channel-cut monochromator in comparison with a double-crystal monochromator is presented. Using a double-grating interferometer designed for the hard X-ray regime, the complex coherence factor was measured and the wavefront distortions at the sample position were analyzed. A transverse coherence length was found in the vertical direction that was a factor of two larger for the channel-cut monochromator owing to its higher mechanical stability. The wavefront distortions after different optical elements in the beam, such as monochromators and mirrors, were also quantified. This work is particularly relevant for coherent diffraction imaging experiments with synchrotron sources.