gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutation of a Novel Gene Results in Abnormal Development of Spermatid Flagella, Loss of Intermale Aggression and Reduced Body Fat in Mice (2002)

ROSA22 male mice are sterile due to a recessive gene-trap mutation that affects development of the spermatid flagellum. The defect involves the flagellar axoneme, which becomes unstable around the time of its assembly. Despite a subsequent complete failure in flagellar assembly, development of the spermatid head appears normal and the spermatid head is released at the correct stage in spermatogenesis. The mutation is pleiotropic. Although ROSA22 homozygote males have normal levels of circulating testosterone and display normal mating behavior, they do not exhibit intermale aggressive behavior and have reduced body fat. The mutated gene (Gtrgeo22) maps to mouse chromosome 10 and is closely flanked by two known genes, Madcam1 and Cdc34. Ribonuclease protection analysis indicates that expression of the flanking genes is unaffected by the mutation. Gtrgeo22 is expressed at low levels in epithelial cells in several tissues, as well as in testis and brain. Analysis of the peptide coding sequence suggests that Gtrgeo22 encodes a novel transmembrane protein, which contains dileucine and tyrosine-based motifs involved in intracellular sorting of transmembrane proteins. Analysis of the Gtrgeo22 gene product should provide novel insight into the molecular basis for intermale aggression and sperm flagellar development.
Machine-learning assisted optimization of process parameters for controlling the microstructure in a laser powder bed fused WC/Co cemented carbide (2022)

A Single laser scan was performed on a sintered WC/Co composite and the process conditions were optimized to realize a WC/Co two-phase microstructure in a WC/Co composite fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Laser irradiation on the sintered WC/Co composites generated two different microstructural regions. One is composed of WC and Co phases (WC/Co two-phase region), and the other includes W2C and W3Co3C phases (WC decomposition region). In the L-PBF-fabricated WC/Co composites, these two microstructural regions are distributed in a complex manner and their fractions varies depending on the laser parameters. Using a convolutional neural network model that is trained with the micrographs of single-laser-scanned WC/Co composites, the fractions of the two microstructural regions in the WC/Co composites fabricated by the L-PBF under various laser conditions were quantified. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the laser power and spot size contribute more than the scan speed, which has been verified by numerical analysis based on the moving heat source model. A support vector machine (SVM) suggested that low laser power and low scan speed are required for suppressing the WC decomposition in the consolidated samples. The WC decomposition has been successfully suppressed in the samples fabricated under SVM-recommended conditions.
Analysis of spouted-bed coating and granulation. 1. Batch operation (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of spouted-bed coating and granulation. 1. Batch operationUzi MannCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 2, 288–292Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200021a019https://doi.org/10.1021/i200021a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views225Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
<title>Applying Hartmann wavefront-sensing technology to precision optical testing of the Hubble Space Telescope correctors</title> (1993)

As part of the HST repair mission it is necessary to verify the performance of the correction optics before their installation in the telescope. To accomplish this precision testing a Hartmann style wavefront sensor and pupil parameter measurement tool has been designed and built. This instrument, termed the Aberrated Beam Analyzer (ABA), will be used to measure the wavefront of both aberrated HST simulators and the unaberrated output of the correction optics. In addition, the ABA measures the location, size, and obscuration ratio of the exit pupil of the system under test. Parameters such as the chief ray angle, PSF, MTF, encircled energy, and Strehl ratio are calculated from the measured data. Operation of the ABA is fully automated and is controlled via a high level scripting language. All data is permanently archived on optical disks for later analysis. The design and theory of operation of the ABA will be discussed. Particular emphasis will be given to the error budget and the measurement performance of the ABA. Some preliminary data will be presented.
Vascularized Adipose Tissue Grafts from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Bioactive Cues and Microchannel Conduits (2007)

Vascularization is critical to the survival of engineered tissues. This study combined biophysical and bioactive approaches to induce neovascularization in vivo. Further, we tested the effects of engineered vascularization on adipose tissue grafts. Hydrogel cylinders were fabricated from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG) in four configurations: PEG alone, PEG with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), microchanneled PEG, or both bFGF-adsorbed and microchanneled PEG. In vivo implantation revealed no neovascularization in PEG, but substantial angiogenesis in bFGF-adsorbed and/or microchanneled PEG. The infiltrating host tissue consisted of erythrocyte-filled blood vessels lined by endothelial cells, and immunolocalized to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Human mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated into adipogenic cells, and encapsulated in PEG with both microchanneled and adsorbed bFGF. Upon in vivo implantation subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice, oil red O positive adipose tissue was present and interspersed with interstitial fibrous (IF) capsules. VEGF was immunolocalized in the IF capsules surrounding the engineered adipose tissue. These findings suggest that bioactive cues and/or microchannels promote the genesis of vascularized tissue phenotypes such as the tested adipose tissue grafts. Especially, engineered microchannels may provide a generic approach for modifying existing biomaterials by providing conduits for vascularization and/or diffusion.
Data Supplement from HSV-sr39TK Positron Emission Tomography and Suicide Gene Elimination of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Progeny in Humanized Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study. Also includes supplemental references.&lt;/p&gt;
Using a linearly chirped seed suppresses SBS in high-power fiber amplifiers, allows coherent combination, and enables long delivery fibers (2014)

When seeding a high power fiber amplifier with a frequency-chirped seed, the backward Brillouin scattering can be kept at the spontaneous level because the coherent laser/Stokes interaction is interrupted. Operating a conventional vertical cavity surface-emitting diode laser in an optoelectronic feedback loop can yield a linear frequency chirp of ~1016 Hz/s at a constant output power. The simple and deterministic variation of phase with time preserves temporal coherence, in the sense that it is straightforward to coherently combine multiple amplifiers despite a large length mismatch. The seed bandwidth as seen by the counter-propagating SBS is large, and also increases linearly with fiber length, resulting in a nearly-length-independent SBS threshold. Experimental results at the 600W level will be presented. The impact of a chirped seed on multimode instability is also addressed theoretically.
Conformational Changes in the Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Are Consistent with a Role for Allostery in Virus Assembly (2009)

In infected cells, virus components must be organized at the right place and time to ensure assembly of infectious virions. From a different perspective, assembly must be prevented until all components are available. Hypothetically, this can be achieved by allosterically controlling assembly. Consistent with this hypothesis, here we show that the structure of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein dimer, which can spontaneously self-assemble, is incompatible with capsid assembly. Systematic differences between core protein dimer and capsid conformations demonstrate linkage between the intradimer interface and interdimer contact surface. These structures also provide explanations for the capsid-dimer selectivity of some antibodies and the activities of assembly effectors. Solution studies suggest that the assembly-inactive state is more accurately an ensemble of conformations. Simulations show that allostery supports controlled assembly and results in capsids that are resistant to dissociation. We propose that allostery, as demonstrated in HBV, is common to most self-assembling viruses.
Standardizing Bad Cryptographic Practice (2017)

We provide an analysis of IEEE standard P1735, which describes methods for encrypting electronic-design intellectual property (IP), as well as the management of access rights for such IP. We find a surprising number of cryptographic mistakes in the standard. In the most egregious cases, these mistakes enable attack vectors that allow us to recover the entire underlying plaintext IP. Some of these attack vectors are well-known, e.g. padding-oracle attacks. Others are new, and are made possible by the need to support the typical uses of the underlying IP; in particular, the need for commercial system-on-chip (SoC) tools to synthesize multiple pieces of IP into a fully specified chip design and to provide syntax errors. We exploit these mistakes in a variety of ways, leveraging a commercial SoC tool as a black-box oracle.
Inclusivity and diversity: Integrating international perspectives on stem cell challenges and potential (2021)

Regenerative medicine has great potential. The pace of scientific advance is exciting and the medical opportunities for regeneration and repair may be transformative. However, concerns continue to grow, relating to problems caused both by unscrupulous private clinics offering unregulated therapies based on little or no evidence and by premature regulatory approval on the basis of insufficient scientific rationale and clinical evidence. An initiative by the InterAcademy Partnership convened experts worldwide to identify opportunities and challenges, with a focus on stem cells. This was designed to be inclusive and consensus outputs reflected the diversity of the global research population. Among issues addressed for supporting research and innovation while protecting patients were ethical assessment; pre-clinical and clinical research; regulatory authorization and medicines access; and engagement with patients, policy makers, and the public. The InterAcademy Partnership (IAP) identified options for action for sharing good practice and building collaboration within the scientific community and with other stakeholders worldwide.
PULSATILE VS CONTINUOUS FLOW LVAD (2002)

Purpose: Physiologic consequences of pulsatile (P-) versus continuous flow (CF-) LVAD support on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and myocardial remodeling are not clear. Methods: Calves had P-, CF-LVAD implant or sham left thoracotomy. Ventricular unloading was estimated by LVAD output/pulmonary artery flow. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone were measured. Myocardial tissues were analyzed by immunohistology. Results: P-and CF-LVAD calves were supported for 30–180 days at 40–60%ventritular unloading. PRA was the same in all calves. Aldosterone levels were initially similar, but became higher in CF-LVAD calves from post-op day 14 onward (see figure). Immunohistologic analysis showed increased collagen I & III in CF-LVAD calves.FigureConclusions: CF-LVAD calves developed higher aldosterone levels than either control or P-LVAD calves while PRA was the same, suggesting altered regulation of aldosterone synthesis. Elevated aldosterone level, known to cause myocardial and vascular fibrosis, may contribute to the increased collagens observed with CF-LVAD, particularly given the similar mechanical unloading in both LVAD types.
DNA-Induced Size-Selective Separation of Mixtures of Gold Nanoparticles (2006)

We present a novel method for size-selectively separating mixtures of nanoparticles in aqueous media utilizing the inherent chemical recognition properties of DNA and the cooperative binding properties of DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles. We have determined that the melting temperatures (T(m)s) of aggregates formed from nanoparticles interconnected by duplex DNA are dependent upon particle size. This effect is proposed to derive from larger contact areas between the larger particles and therefore increased cooperativity, leading to higher T(m)s. The separation protocol involves taking two aliquots of a mixture of particles that vary in size and functionalizing them with complementary DNA. These aliquots are mixed at a temperature above the T(m) for aggregates formed from the smaller particles but below the T(m) for aggregates formed from the larger particles. Therefore, the aggregates that form consist almost exclusively of the larger particles and can be easily separated by sedimentation and centrifugation from the smaller dispersed particles. This unusual size-dependent behavior and separation protocol are demonstrated for three binary mixtures of particles and one ternary mixture.
On the role of the vinylsulfoxide side chain of dirchromone towards its bioactivities (2020)

Analogs of dirchromone were prepared to shed light on the pivotal role of its peculiar vinylsulfoxide side chain towards its cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties, especially dependant upon the presence and oxidation state of sulfur. The reaction of dirchromone with cysteamine revealed a surprising Michael acceptor behavior with elimination of the methylsulfinyl moiety and redox transformation of the sulfur atom that could be involved in the mode of action of dirchromone within cells.
Demonstration of improved heteroepitaxy, scaled gate stack and reduced interface states enabling heterojunction tunnel FETs with high drive current and high on-off ratio (2012)

Staggered tunnel junction (GaAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.35</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.65</sub> /In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> As) is used to demonstrate heterojunction tunnel FET (TFET) with the highest drive current, I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> , of 135μA/μm and highest I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> ratio of 2.7×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> =0.5V, V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> -V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> =1.5V). Effective oxide thickness (EOT) scaling (using Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> bilayer gate stack) coupled with pulsed I-V measurements (suppressing D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> response) enable demonstration of steeper switching TFET.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NEW COMPOUNDS OF PLATINUM(II) WITH GLYCINE (1978)

Abstract Die Kinetik der Cyclisierung von Glycin in Dihalogeno‐bis[glycin]‐Pt(II)‐Komplexen in wäßrigem und wäßrigemorganischen Medium wird untersucht.
Ablative RT protects immune responses (2009)

In this issue of Blood, Lee et al provide a rationale for engaging the immune system by treating tumors with large, single-fraction radiation doses.
Use of a Stereochemical Strategy To Probe the Mechanism of Phenol-Soluble Modulin α3 Toxicity (2019)

Phenol-soluble modulin α3 (PSMα3) is a cytotoxic peptide secreted by virulent strains of Staphylococcus aureus. We used a stereochemical strategy to examine the mechanism of PSMα3-mediated toxicity. One hypothesis is that PSMα3 toxicity requires fibril formation; an alternative is that toxicity is caused by soluble forms of PSMα3, possibly oligomeric. We find that the unnatural enantiomer (D residues) displays cytotoxicity comparable to that of L-PSMα3. Racemic PSMα3 is similarly toxic to enantiopure PSMα3 (L or D) under some conditions, but the toxicity is lost under conditions that cause racemic PSMα3 to aggregate. A crystal structure of racemic PSMα3-NH<sub>2</sub> displays an α-helical secondary structure and a packing pattern that is reminiscent of the cross-α arrangement recently discovered in crystals of L-PSMα3. Our data suggest that the cytotoxicity of PSMα3 does not depend on stereospecific engagement of a target protein or other chiral macromolecule, an observation that supports a mechanism based on membrane disruption. In addition, our data support the hypothesis that toxicity is exerted by a soluble form rather than an insoluble fibrillar form.
Correction: Corrigendum: IL-1α is a DNA damage sensor linking genotoxic stress signaling to sterile inflammation and innate immunity (2016)

Environmental signals can be translated into chromatin changes, which alter gene expression. Here we report a novel concept that cells can signal chromatin damage from the nucleus back to the surrounding tissue through the cytokine interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α). Thus, in addition to its role as a danger signal, which occurs when the cytokine is passively released by cell necrosis, IL-1α could directly sense DNA damage and act as signal for genotoxic stress without loss of cell integrity. Here we demonstrate localization of the cytokine to DNA-damage sites and its subsequent secretion. Interestingly, its nucleo-cytosolic shuttling after DNA damage sensing is regulated by histone deacetylases (HDAC) and IL-1α acetylation. To demonstrate the physiological significance of this newly discovered mechanism, we used IL-1α knockout mice and show that IL-1α signaling after UV skin irradiation and DNA damage is important for triggering a sterile inflammatory cascade in vivo that contributes to efficient tissue repair and wound healing.
Engineering an increase in ethanol production by altering cofactor specificity (2023)

The present invention provides for the manipulation of cofactor usage in a recombinant host cell to increase the formation of desirable products. In some embodiments, the invention provides for a recombinant microorganism comprising a mutation in one or more native enzymes such that their cofactor specificity is altered in such a way that overall cofactor usage in the cell is balanced for a specified pathway and there is an increase in a specific product formation within the cell. In some embodiments, endogenous enzymes are replaced by enzymes with an alternate cofactor specificity from a different species.
492: Prospective Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) as a Molecular Marker in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Interim Results (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 14, Sunday, May 20, 2007, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 2007492: Prospective Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) as a Molecular Marker in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Interim Results Tobias Klatte, Fairooz F. Kabbinavar, Nazy Zomorodian, Arie S. Belldegrun, and Allan J. Pantuck Tobias KlatteTobias Klatte More articles by this author , Fairooz F. KabbinavarFairooz F. Kabbinavar More articles by this author , Nazy ZomorodianNazy Zomorodian More articles by this author , Arie S. BelldegrunArie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author , and Allan J. PantuckAllan J. Pantuck More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)30732-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "492: Prospective Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) as a Molecular Marker in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Interim Results." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 164 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 164 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Tobias Klatte More articles by this author Fairooz F. Kabbinavar More articles by this author Nazy Zomorodian More articles by this author Arie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author Allan J. Pantuck More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Li-ion batteries and Li-ion ultracapacitors: Characteristics, modeling and grid applications (2015)

This paper presents two of the most promising compact energy storage types, Li-ion batteries and ultracapacitors, for grid applications. Different types of lithium-ion batteries are discussed and compared and a generic electrical model for this type of batteries is presented, which models the battery dynamics, capacity, efficiency, and performance. Characteristics and electrical equivalent model of the Li-ion capacitors are also presented and discussed. The electrical models are verified for both devices by conducting extensive testing. Various grid level applications of these energy storage elements including renewable integration, ancillary services, energy time-shifting, and applications in islanded grids are discussed.
A structure and design of novel compact UWB slot antenna (2016)

A structure and design optimization procedure of a compact UWB slot antenna is presented. Small size of the antenna and its good electrical performance is achieved by introducing sufficiently large number of geometry degrees of freedom, including a stepped-impedance feed line and a meandered slot with parameterized dimensions. All dimensions are simultaneously adjusted using automated EM-simulation-driven optimization algorithm. Exploitation of variable-fidelity models allows us to maintain low computational cost of the design process. The footprint of the optimized antenna is only 8.93 mm × 17.9 mm (160 mm2) while maintaining low reflection in the entire UWB frequency range.