gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of various growing media on growth performance of Andrographis paniculata under mid hill conditions (2016)

Andrographis paniculata, medicinally important due to its immunological, antibacterial and hepatoprotective properties, is commerciallycultivatedinhotteranddrierpartsof thecountry. Highmarketdemandforitsrawmaterialshasinrecenttimes ledtospreadof itscultivationareas. Duetowarmingof climate, midhill regionsof Himachal Pradeshhavebecomepotential areas for its cultivation which entails analysis of its performance under these newer regions. Studies have revealed that maximumper plant dry shoot (0.32g) anddry root weight (0.038g) under openfieldconditionsasagainst 0.43gand0.152g, respectively under green house conditions is produced under the study conditions. Amongst growing media, sand was observedasbest mediafor seedgerminationparameterswhilesoil: vermicompost (1: 1) for better growthunder greenhouse conditions. Green house conditions excelled over open conditions and is suggested for its higher production under mid hill conditions.
Rates of incorporation of radioactive molecules during the cell cycle (1981)

We report measurements of the incorporation of radioactive molecules during short labeling periods, as a function of cell-cycle stage, using a cell-sorter-based technique that does not require cell synchronization. We have determined: (1) tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation throughout S-phase in Lewis lung tumor cells in vitro both before and after treatment with cytosine arabinoside; (2) 3H-TdR incorporation throughout S-phase in KHT tumor cells in vitro and in vivo; (3) 3H-TdR incorporation throughout S-phase in Chinese hamster ovary cells and compared it with DNA synthesis throughout S-phase; (4) a mathematical expression describing 3H-TdR incorporation throughout S-phase in Chinese hamster M3-1 cells; and (5) the simultaneous incorporation of 3H-TdR and 35S-methionine as they are related to cell size and DNA content in S49 mouse lymphoma cells. In asynchronously growing cells in vitro and in vivo, 3H-TdR incorporation was generally low in early and late S-phase and highest in mid-S-phase. However, in Lewis lung tumor cells treated with cytosine arabinoside 3H-TdR incorporation was highest in early and late S-phase and lowest in mid-S-phase. Incorporation of 35S-methionine increased continuously with cell size and DNA content. Incorporation of 3H-TdR in CHO cells was proportional to DNA synthesis.
Validation and application of an automated rheoscope for measuring red blood cell deformability distributions in different species (2004)

The automated rheoscope enables us to study the mechanical properties of RBCs more thoroughly by their deformability distribution. These deformability distributions are hardly influenced by the technique or by cell size.
Frequency Response of Graphene Electrolyte-Gated Field-Effect Transistors (2018)

This work develops the first frequency-dependent small-signal model for graphene electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EGFETs). Graphene EGFETs are microfabricated to measure intrinsic voltage gain, frequency response, and to develop a frequency-dependent small-signal model. The transfer function of the graphene EGFET small-signal model is found to contain a unique pole due to a resistive element, which stems from electrolyte gating. Intrinsic voltage gain, cutoff frequency, and transition frequency for the microfabricated graphene EGFETs are approximately 3.1 V/V, 1.9 kHz, and 6.9 kHz, respectively. This work marks a critical step in the development of high-speed chemical and biological sensors using graphene EGFETs.
158 Racial differences in val122Ile associated transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (2021)

Abstract Aims The valine-to-isoleucine substitution (Val122Ile) is the most common variant of transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis in the USA, primarily affecting individuals of African descent and leading to a restrictive cardiomyopathy. This variant has recently been identified in a cluster of White individuals in Italy. In this study we aimed to investigate differences in the clinical phenotype of Val122Ile associated TTR cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) between Black and White individuals. Methods and results In this retrospective study of 70 patients (mean age 72 years) with Val122Ile associated TTR ATTR-CA, cardiac chamber performance was compared using noninvasive pressure-volume analysis. Compared to White patients (n = 17), Black individuals (n = 53) had lower systolic blood pressures (110 vs. 131 mmHg, P &amp;lt; 0.001), reduced pulse pressures (41 vs. 58 mmHg, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and impaired renal function (eGFR 46 vs. 67 mL/min/1.73 m2, P &amp;lt; 0.001) at presentation. Systolic properties and arterial elastance were similar. Black patients had an end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship shifted upward and leftward relative to White patients, indicating reduced left ventricular chamber capacitance. Pressure-volume area at a left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of 30 mmHg was lower in Black compared to White individuals (8055 mmHg*ml vs. 11 538 mmHg*ml, P = 0.008). Conclusions Despite presenting at a similar age to White patients, Black individuals with Val122Ile associated ATTR-CA have a greater degree of cardiac chamber dysfunction at the time of diagnosis due to impaired ventricular capacitance. Whether these differences are attributable to amyloidosis or other cardiovascular disease requires further study.
Phosphorylation and activation of human tyrosine hydroxylase in vitro by mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase and MAP‐kinase‐activated kinases 1 and 2 (1993)

Mitogen-activated protein-kinase (MAP) kinase-activated protein kinases 1 and 2 (MAPKAP kinase-1, MAPKAP kinase-2), were found to phosphorylate bacterially expressed human tyrosine hydroxylase in vitro at comparable rates to other proteins thought to be physiological substrates of these protein kinases. The phosphorylation of all four alternatively spliced forms of human tyrosine hydroxylase by MAPKAP kinases-1 and -2 reached plateau values at 1 mol/mol subunit and 2 mol/mol subunit, respectively; the sites of phosphorylation were identified as Ser40 (MAPKAP kinase-1) and Ser19 and Ser40 (MAPKAP kinase-2). In contrast to calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II, which phosphorylates Ser19 faster than Ser40, MAPKAP kinase-2 phosphorylated Ser40 about twice as fast as Ser19. The maximal activation of tyrosine hydroxylase by MAPKAP kinase-1 or-2 was about 3-fold, and activation by MAPKAP kinases-1 and -2 or calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II correlated with the extent of phosphorylation of Ser40. The four alternatively spliced forms of human tyrosine hydroxylase were phosphorylated at Ser31 by MAP kinase, but at markedly different rates (3 = 4 > 1 >> 2). Forms 3 and 4 were phosphorylated rapidly and stoichiometrically by MAP kinase doubling the activity, while phosphorylation of form 1 by MAP kinase to 0.4 mol/mol subunit increased activity by 40%. The effect on activity of phosphorylating both Ser31 and Ser40 was not additive. The possible roles of MAPKAP kinase-1, MAPKAP kinase-2 and MAP kinase in the regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase in vivo are discussed.
Method and apparatus for ion cyclotron spectrometry (2023)

An ion cyclotron spectrometer may include a vacuum chamber that extends at least along a z-axis and means for producing a magnetic field within the vacuum chamber so that a magnetic field vector is generally parallel to the z-axis. The ion cyclotron spectrometer may also include means for producing a trapping electric field within the vacuum chamber that includes at least a first section that induces a first magnetron effect that increases a cyclotron frequency of an ion and at least a second section that induces a second magnetron effect that decreases the cyclotron frequency of an ion. The cyclotron frequency changes induced by the first and second magnetron effects substantially cancel one another so that an ion traversing the at least first and second sections will experience no net change in cyclotron frequency.
ChemInform Abstract: Approaches to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Unusual Amino Acids (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Revision of the Acetabular Component without Cement (2009)

We previously reported the results of the use of a cementless acetabular shell for revision total hip arthroplasty in 138 hips at a minimum of three, seven, and fifteen years postoperatively. The current report presents the long-term outcomes of this group at a minimum follow-up of twenty years. Since the last report, two additional hips required repeat revision, both for infection; no additional acetabular shell was loose. In the entire series to date, repeat acetabular revision was performed in twenty-one (15%) of the original 138 hips. Twenty of the twenty-one shells were well fixed at the time of repeat revision, and one had become aseptically loose. The most common reasons for repeat revision were infection (eight hips) and recurrent instability (eight hips). In the metal shells that were well fixed, an isolated liner change for polyethylene wear and/or osteolysis was performed in a total of six hips; four of these liner exchanges were performed since the time of our last report. A liner change had been recommended because of severe wear in four additional hips; thus, 18% of the fifty-six unrevised metal shells were associated with polyethylene wear-related problems. Survivorship, with revision of the shell for aseptic loosening or radiographic evidence of loosening as the end point, was 95% at twenty years (95% confidence interval, 83% to 98%). Reoperations for wear and osteolysis were first seen at approximately twelve years postoperatively. At the time of the present long-term follow-up, the reoperation rate for polyethylene wear and/or osteolysis had increased. We continue to use a hemispherical, titanium metal shell with multiple screws for fixation in the majority of acetabular revisions.
Comparison and Analysis of a Robotic Tendon and Jackspring™ Actuator for Wearable Robotic Systems (2013)

Spring-based actuators are important in the design of wearable robotic systems. These actuators can store and release energy, and reduce the peak power requirements. Reducing these requirements allows the system to function with smaller and lighter-weight motors. Three actuators are compared: a lead screw actuator, a robotic tendon actuator, and a JackSpring™ actuator. The robotic tendon actuator adds a spring in series to the traditional actuator. The JackSpring actuator is a lead screw with a finite stiffness. A formal set of equations for the three actuators is added to Table 1 which summarizes the torque, angular speed, and power for each one. The traditional lead screw actuator cannot store and release energy and the power into the actuator must equal the power out of the actuator. The robotic tendon actuator stores and releases energy, and if a tuned spring is chosen, the power requirements can be greatly reduced. For example, if the desired external motion matches the natural frequency of the system, the motor does not need to rotate. The JackSpring actuator is a unique actuator because the stiffness and motion are coupled. It is shown that if the spring is tuned properly, the power requirements can be greatly reduced, as well.
1.047-pm Yb:Srs(PO&,F Energy Storage Optical Amplifier (1995)

Abstruct- The pumping and gain properties of Yb '+-doped Sr;(P04)%F (Yb:S-FAP) are reported. Using a tunable, free running 900-nm Cr:LiSAF oscillator as a pump source for a Yb:S-FAP rod, the saturation hence for pumping was measured to be 2.2 Jlcm' based on either the spatial, temporal, or energy transmission properties of the Yb:S-FAP rod. The emission peak of Yb:S-FAP (10475 nm in air) is shown to overlap with that of Nd:YLiFd (Nd:YLF) to within 0.1 nm, rendering Yb:S-FAP suitable as an effective power amplifier for Nd:YLF oscillators. The small signal gain, under varying pumping conditions, was measured with a cw Nd:YLF probe laser. These measurements im lied emission cross sections of 6.0 x lo- and 1.5 x lo-- cm' for ii and (T polarized light, respectively, which fall within the error limits of the previously reported values of 7.3 x IO-? and 1.4 x 10-'0cm2 for ii and (T polarized light, obtained from purely spectroscopic techniques. The effects of radiation trapping on the emission lifetime have been quantified and have been shown to lead to emission lifetimes as long as 1.7 ms, for large optically dense crystals. This is substantially larger than the measured intrinsic lifetime of 1.10 ms. Yb:S-FAP crystal boules up to 25 x 25 x 175 mm in size, which were grown for the above experiments and were found to hake acceptable loss characteristics (<-1 %/cm) and adequately large laser damage thresholds at 1064 nm (-20 Jlcm' at 3 ns). Overall, diode-pumped Yb:S-FAP amplifiers are anticipated to offer a viable means of amplifying 1.047-pn light, and may be particularly well suited to applications sensitive to overall laser efficiencies, such as inertial confinement fusion energy applications. P,
GridSpice: A distributed simulation platform for the smart grid (2013)

GridSpice is a simulation framework for the smart grid that integrates existing electric power point tools. The framework provides computational scale and modeling capability to represent diverse scenarios in large interconnected grid systems. Currently, GridSpice integrates a transmission and economic dispatch package based on MatPOWER and the distribution system simulator Gridlab-D. GridSpice provides computational scale by parallelizing large simulation jobs across many virtual machines using Amazon Web Services. GridSpice provides three primary mechanisms for setting up simulations: a Python library, a browser-based user interface, and a Representational State Transfer (REST) API, which allows users to interface with existing data management systems or post-processing tools. GridSpice is available in open-source under the BSD license.
Quantitative, Real-Time Measurements of Intracellular Target Engagement Using Energy Transfer v1 (2020)

Intracellular target affinity and residence time are fundamental aspects of pharmacological mechanism (Lu and Tonge, Curr Opin Chem Biol 14:467–474, 2010). Although various robust biochemical approaches exist to measure these binding characteristics, analysis of compound binding with isolated targets may not accurately reflect engagement in the milieu of living cells. To realize the influence of cellular context, methods are needed that are capable of quantifying affinity and residence time in the presence of the intracellular factors that may impact target engagement. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) offers a solution for intracellular target engagement when quantitative metrics or kinetic analyses are required.
Checkpoint Inhibition of KIR2D with the Monoclonal Antibody IPH2101 Induces Contraction and Hyporesponsiveness of NK Cells in Patients with Myeloma (2016)

These data raise concerns that the unexpected biological events reported in this study could compromise antibody-based strategies designed at augmenting NK cell tumor killing via checkpoint inhibition. Clin Cancer Res; 22(21); 5211-22. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Felices and Miller, p. 5161.
Velocity dependent O atom IR excitation cross sections: Connections with flight data (1994)

A fast oxygen atom source has been used to study the velocity dependence of O atom infrared excitation reactions with various molecular species in a crossed beam experiment. These short wave infrared (SWIR) measurements are performed under single collision conditions, simulating the low Earth orbit environment. Such data are fundamental to the analysis and interpretation of atmospheric oxygen atom interaction with plume exhaust species and with the local environment about structures in low Earth orbit. Measurements have been performed over the oxygen atom velocity range of 6 to 12 km/s. These are the first such experimental measurements, and they may be used to validate theoretical estimates presently used in predictive models. We specifically discuss the velocity dependent cross sections for the reaction O + N 2 → NO(v) + N. This reaction is endothermic for O atom velocities ≤ 8 km/s. Preliminary data are also shown for the reaction O + CO 2 → CO 2 (ν 3 ) + O → CO(v) + O 2 . Both band integral and spectrally resolved results will be presented. The spectrally resolved data provide information on the rotation/vibrational distribution of the excited states. Limited observations of infrared emissions resulting from atmospheric interactions have become available in recent years from both shuttle‐ and rocket‐borne experiments. Comparisons between our experimental database and selected data from several different flight experiments are provided. These comparisons clearly identify the kinetic mechanisms responsible for the flight observations.
Plasmonic Metasurface “Bullets” and other “Moving Objects”: Spatiotemporal Dispersion Cancellation for Linear Passive Subwavelength Slow Light (2019)

A class of plasmonic metasurfaces is introduced with the ability to tailor the dispersion surface of the associated plasmon-polariton into striking novel shapes. Examples include dispersion surfaces with hyperbolic curves, with multiple van Hove singularities of various types or with points of simultaneous spatiotemporal dispersion cancellation leading to unprecedented surface flatness. The latter effect, unseen before in linear passive systems, implies slow propagation of ultrasubwavelength wave packets of any shape devoid of longitudinal or lateral broadening, limited only by absorption.
High Wavelength Count Laser Sources for WDM CMOS Optical Interconnects (2022)

We demonstrate a CW-WDM MSA compliant multi-wavelength source driving an error-free WDM CMOS optical link. The SuperNova™ operates up to 100°C and outputs 64 optical carriers (8 wavelengths x 8 fibers), and together with the TeraPHY™ chiplet, drives up to 2 Tbps from a CMOS die.
Western blotting as a tool for the serodiagnosis of farmer’s lung disease: validation with Lichtheimia corymbifera protein extracts (2015)

Electrosyneresis and double diffusion are immunoprecipitation techniques commonly used in the serological diagnosis of Farmer's lung disease (FLD). These techniques are reliable but lack standardization. The aim of this study was to evaluate Western blotting for the serodiagnosis of FLD. We carried out Western blotting with an antigenic extract of Lichtheimia corymbifera, an important aetiological agent of the disease. The membranes were probed with sera from 21 patients with FLD and 21 healthy exposed controls to examine the IgG antibody responses against purified somatic antigens. Given the low prevalence of the disease, 21 patients could be considered as a relevant series. Four bands were significantly more frequently represented in membranes probed with FLD sera (bands at 27.7, 40.5, 44.0 and 50.5 kDa) than those probed with control sera. We assessed the diagnostic value of different criteria alone or in combination. The diagnostic accuracy of the test was highest with the inclusion of at least two of the following criteria: at least five bands on the strip and the presence of one band at 40.5 or 44.0 kDa. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were all 81%, and the odds ratio was 18.06. Inclusion of bands of high intensity diminished rather than improved the diagnostic value of the test. We concluded that Western blotting is a valuable technique for the serodiagnosis of FLD. The industrial production of ready-to-use membranes would enable the routine use of this technique in laboratories, and provide reliable and standardized diagnostic results within a few hours.
C-SPRINT: a prototype Compton camera system for low energy gamma ray imaging (2002)

An electronically-collimated imaging system is being built using pixellated, low-noise, position-sensitive silicon as the first detector, and a sodium iodide scintillation detector ring as the second detector. The system consists of a single 3/spl times/3/spl times/0.1 cm/sup 3/ silicon pad detector module with 1 keV FWHM (noise-limited) energy resolution centered at the front face of a 50 cm diameter, 10 cm long NaI detector annulus. Custom acquisition and timing electronics have been manufactured to minimize system dead time. Monte Carlo modeling is used to predict system sensitivity and position resolution. Simulations using the existing setup show angular uncertainties of 4.1/spl deg/ and 2.1/spl deg/ FWHM for /sup 99m/Tc and /sup 131/I point sources, respectively (7.2 mm and 3.7 mm at 10 cm). Sensitivity can be improved by more than a factor of a hundred over the existing setup by stacking five 1 mm thick 9/spl times/9 cm/sup 2/ silicon arrays and redesigning the second detector geometry to accept a wider range of scattering angles. Lower bound calculations show that our electronically-collimated camera system challenges current mechanically-collimated systems for both /sup 99m/Tc and /sup 131/I despite the deleterious effects of Doppler broadening. Preliminary measurements show a timing resolution of 41 ns FWHM between the silicon detector and a single SPRINT module.
Covalent Fixation of the Cyclic Tetramer of a Metallo-porphyrin Based on Self-complementary Quadruple Hydrogen Bonding (2006)

Abstract The stability of quadruple hydrogen bonding in the cyclic tetramer of a metallo-porphyrin before and after a covalent fixation was investigated. According to competition and energy-transfer experiments, the exchange reaction between the cyclic tetramers of the metallo-porphyrin was fully suppressed by the covalent fixation. This spontaneous cyclization–covalent fixation strategy based on olefin metathesis can open the way to the use of cyclic assemblies in a solid phase.
The differential role of α1- and α5-containing GABAA receptors in mediating diazepam effects on spontaneous locomotor activity and water-maze learning and memory in rats (2009)

The clinical use of benzodiazepines (BZs) is hampered by sedation and cognitive deterioration. Although genetic and pharmacological studies suggest that alpha1- and alpha5-containing GABA(A) receptors mediate and/or modulate these effects, their molecular substrate is not fully elucidated. By the use of two selective ligands: the alpha1-subunit affinity-selective antagonist beta-CCt, and the alpha5-subunit affinity- and efficacy-selective antagonist XLi093, we examined the mechanisms of behavioural effects of diazepam in the tests of spontaneous locomotor activity and water-maze acquisition and recall, the two paradigms indicative of sedative- and cognition-impairing effects of BZs, respectively. The locomotor-activity decreasing propensity of diazepam (significant at 1.5 and 5 mg/kg) was antagonized by beta-CCt (5 and 15 mg/kg), while it tended to be potentiated by XLi093 in doses of 10 mg/kg, and especially 20 mg/kg. Diazepam decreased acquisition and recall in the water maze, with a minimum effective dose of 1.5 mg/kg. Both antagonists reversed the thigmotaxis induced by 2 mg/kg diazepam throughout the test, suggesting that both GABA(A) receptor subtypes participate in BZ effects on the procedural component of the task. Diazepam-induced impairment in the declarative component of the task, as assessed by path efficiency, the latency and distance before finding the platform across acquisition trials, and also by the spatial parameters in the probe trial, was partially prevented by both, 15 mg/kg beta-CCt and 10 mg/kg XLi093. Combining a BZ with beta-CCt results in the near to control level of performance of a cognitive task, without sedation, and may be worth testing on human subjects.