gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Gram-negative Endophthalmitis With Intravitreous Ceftazidime (1992)

We present the first report, to our knowledge, of a case of gram-negative endophthalmitis ( Morganella morgagnii ) successfully treated by intravitreous injection of ceftazidime after vitrectomy. Report of a Case. —A 76-year-old white hypertensive woman with age-related macular degeneration and Fuchs' dystrophy had undergone a prior triple procedure (penetrating keratoplasty, cataract extraction, and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation) on her left eye in October 1990; in May 1991, the patient's best-corrected visual acuity was 4/200 OS due to macular degeneration. One week after a YAG capsulotomy in the left eye in January 1992, she underwent repair of a penetrating keratoplasty wound dehiscence. She received topical gentamicin sulfate and erythromycin for 1 week after surgery. Three weeks later she developed pain with decreased vision in her left eye. She returned to The Wilmer Institute, where a diagnosis of endophthalmitis was made. Visual acuity was 20/70 OD and hand motions OS. The left
Optimization of the Fabrication Route of Ferritic/Martensitic ODS Cladding Tubes: Metallurgical Approach and Pilgering Numerical Modeling (2012)

Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ferritic/martensitic alloys are developed as prospective cladding materials for future Sodium-Cooled-Fast-Reactors (GEN IV). These advanced alloys present a good resistance to irradiation and a high creep rupture strength due to a reinforcement by the homogeneous dispersion of hard nano-sized particles (such as Y2O3 or YTiO). ODS alloys are elaborated by powder metallurgy, consolidated by hot extrusion and manufactured into cladding tube using the pilger cold-rolling process. ODS alloys present low ductility and high hardness at room temperature which complicate their manufacturing as tubes. Moreover extrusion and rolling processes induce strong crystallographic and morphological anisotropies. The manufacturing by means of cold rolling passes implies intermediate softening heat treatments. Fabrication route optimization is needed to ensure a safe manufacturing and reduce the cladding tube anisotropy. A better understanding of the deformation paths, the behavior laws and the metallurgy of ODS materials is required. This paper presents the studies conducted on the optimization of the fabrication routes of the new ferritic / martensitic ODS tubes fabricated at CEA. Two main ODS alloys are considered, a Fe-9Cr-1W-Ti-Y2O3 ODS martensitic steel and a Fe-14Cr-1W-Ti-Y2O3 ODS ferritic alloy. The numerical simulation of the cold pilgering process leads to the determination of the strain path undegone by a material point. The determination of the ODS constitutive law and the development of the numerical model allow calculating the stress triaxiality during the process. A systematic analysis of all strokes helps defining which stroke could contribute mainly to the oligocyclic fatigue of the materials. The predicted residual stress state results in longitudinal and ortho-radial tensile stresses. Those results are discussed regarding the possible crack initiation and the subsequent propagation in the formed tube. In parallel to the numerical developments conducted to ensure the formability of the material, an optimization of the heat treatments is conducted with the objective of releasing internal stresses and reducing the stored energy. The 9Cr-ODS steel presents a phase transformation from ferrite to austenite which allows reducing the tube hardness. Manufacturing through two different fabrication routes allows comparing the effects of annealing temperature on cold-workability, microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. Microstructure control of 14Cr-ODS alloy, which does not present a phase transformation, is more complex and the control of the recrystallization microstructure appears critical. Different examples are shown and discussed.
A new microdeletion syndrome involving TBC1D24, ATP6V0C, and PDPK1 causes epilepsy, microcephaly, and developmental delay (2018)

PURPOSE: Contiguous gene deletions are known to cause several neurodevelopmental syndromes, many of which are caused by recurrent events on chromosome 16. However, chromosomal microarray studies (CMA) still yield copy-number variants (CNVs) of unknown clinical significance. We sought to characterize eight individuals with overlapping 205-kb to 504-kb 16p13.3 microdeletions that are distinct from previously published deletion syndromes. METHODS: Clinical information on the patients and bioinformatic scores for the deleted genes were analyzed. RESULTS: All individuals in our cohort displayed developmental delay, intellectual disability, and various forms of seizures. Six individuals were microcephalic and two had strabismus. The deletion was absent in all 13 parents who were available for testing. The area of overlap encompasses seven genes including TBC1D24, ATP6V0C, and PDPK1 (also known as PDK1). Bi-allelic TBC1D24 pathogenic variants are known to cause nonsyndromic deafness, epileptic disorders, or DOORS syndrome (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, seizures). Sanger sequencing of the nondeleted TBC1D24 allele did not yield any additional pathogenic variants. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that 16p13.3 microdeletions resulting in simultaneous haploinsufficiencies of TBC1D24, ATP6V0C, and PDPK1 cause a novel rare contiguous gene deletion syndrome of microcephaly, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and epilepsy.
Device for source position stabilization and beam parameter monitoring at inverse Compton X-ray sources (2019)

Compact X-ray sources based on inverse Compton scattering provide brilliant and partially coherent X-rays in a laboratory environment. The cross section for inverse Compton scattering is very small, requiring high-power laser systems as well as small laser and electron beam sizes at the interaction point to generate sufficient flux. Therefore, these systems are very sensitive to distortions which change the overlap between the two beams. In order to monitor X-ray source position, size and flux in parallel to experiments, the beam-position monitor proposed here comprises a small knife edge whose image is acquired with an X-ray camera specifically designed to intercept only a very small fraction of the X-ray beam. Based on the source position drift recorded with the monitor, a closed-loop feedback stabilizes the X-ray source position by adjusting the laser beam trajectory. A decrease of long-term source position drifts by more than one order of magnitude is demonstrated with this device. Consequently, such a closed-loop feedback system which enables stabilization of source position drifts and flux of inverse Compton sources in parallel to experiments has a significant impact on the performance of these sources.
Negative Inotropic Effect of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Adult Rat Cardiac Myocyte (1997)

bFGF, primarily a potent growth promoter, produced acute negative inotropic effects in the adult cardiac myocyte that could have resulted from alterations in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The negative inotropic effect of bFGF may contribute to myocardial dysfunction associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart transplant rejection.
Time-Resolved Mass Spectrometry of Nano-Al and Nano-Al/CuO Thermite under Rapid Heating: A Mechanistic Study (2012)

Aluminum nanoparticles (Al-NPs) and nano-Al/CuO thermite were investigated in a rapid heating environment by temperature jump time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Upon rapid heating (105 to 106 K/s), Al-containing vapor species (Al and Al2O) are observed to slowly increase with increasing temperature, followed by a rapid increase in concentration at ∼2030 K. The temporal evolution of Al, Al2O species observed in time-resolved mass spectra of rapid heated Al-NPs supports the hypothesis that Al containing species diffuse outward through the oxide shell under high heating rate conditions. The rapid rise in Al-containing species above 2030 K, which is below the bulk melting point of Al2O3, implies that the penetration of Al into the shell probably decreases its melting point. The measurements lead to an effective overall diffusion coefficient of ∼10–10 cm2/s. Time-resolved mass spectra of nano-Al/CuO thermite show for the first time the existence of Al, Al2O, AlO, and Al2O2 intermediate reaction products, with Al2O the main intermediate oxidation product, in agreement with thermochemical calculations.
Late-Stage Microsomal Oxidation Reduces Drug–Drug Interaction and Identifies Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor PF-06815189 (2018)

Late-stage oxidation using liver microsomes was applied to phosphodiesterase 2 inhibitor <b>1</b> to reduce its clearance by cytochrome P450 enzymes, introduce renal clearance, and minimize the risk for victim drug-drug interactions. This approach yielded PF-06815189 (<b>2</b>) with improved physicochemical properties and a mixed metabolic profile. This example highlights the importance of C-H diversification methods to drug discovery.
Noninvasive methods for quantitating blood time-activity curves from mouse PET images obtained with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose. (1998)

We have shown that it is experimentally possible to obtain a blood TAC from mouse studies by repeatedly sampling from the LV. We have also shown that images of the liver can be used to reliably estimate the blood TAC. Future FDG PET studies with the mouse model will benefit from this demonstrated ability to noninvasively quantitate blood TACs directly from FDG PET images.
Vibrationally excited OH from the reaction of H with NO2 observed by laser-induced fluorescence (1975)

The reaction H+NO2→OH+NO, which is widely used as a source of OH radicals for gas kinetic studies, has been thought to yield Oh almost exclusively in the ground state. However, recent experiments indicate that as much as 30% to 50% of the total energy may appear in vibrational excitation. In this study the reaction is studied using a laser-induced fluorescence method. The results indicate that as little as 10% of the total energy is in vibrational excitation.
Metabolism-Directed Optimization of 3-Aminopyrazinone Acetamide Thrombin Inhibitors. Development of an Orally Bioavailable Series Containing P1 and P3 Pyridines (2003)

Recent efforts in the field of thrombin inhibitor research have focused on the identification of compounds with good oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. In this manuscript we describe a metabolism-based approach to the optimization of the 3-(2-phenethylamino)-6-methylpyrazinone acetamide template (e.g., 1) which resulted in the modification of each of the three principal components (i.e., P1, P2, P3) comprising this series. As a result of these studies, several potent thrombin inhibitors (e.g., 20, 24, 25) were identified which exhibit high levels of oral bioavailability and long plasma half-lives.
Analysing real time power of the microprocessor to estimate thermal time constant of the hotspot (2012)

The power dissipation in a microprocessor is spatially and temporally non-uniform resulting in hot spots, high temperature gradients and as a consequence, high thermal stresses. This temperature non-uniformity and existence of hotspots in the processor poses a threat to the performance and reliability of the processor in the long run. The dynamic thermal management (DTM) techniques applied at the architectural level are proven to be more efficient to address the rapid power variation in the processor components. Since, the efficiency of DTM techniques is based on the thermal response of the microprocessor, it is imperative to reduce the time lag between the thermal response of the chip and strategy adopted by DTM to manage the hotspot temperature. This strategy will also be applicable in boosting up the clock frequency momentarily for high performance without causing any chip damage due to high temperature excursions. This paper studies the temporal and spatial variation of power dissipation in a commercially available single-core microprocessor. The real power dissipation estimates are obtained for benchmarks using cycle-accurate microarchitectural simulator. In the selected benchmarks, the hottest component has significantly high power dissipation compared to remaining components of the processor. The real time power dissipation of the components is then analyzed to study the thermal time constant of the hotspot and the combined thermal effect of the other components on the hotspot temperature. The analysis is done both for a finer and coarser time intervals to identify the effect of time scale on the thermal time constants.
Solid‐phase microtiter radioimmunoassay for detection of the Norwalk strain of acute nonbacterial, epidemic gastroenteritis virus and its antibodies (1978)

The development of microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassays for the detection of Norwalk antigen and its antibody is described. The tests are simple to perform and are sensitive and specific. The test for antigen can be used on crude stool filtrates and suspensions. Both tests are at least as sensitive as immune electron microscopy and more sensitive than immune adherence assay.
Hierarchical Patterns: Harnessing Localized Ridges for High‐Aspect‐Ratio Hierarchical Patterns with Dynamic Tunability and Multifunctionality (Adv. Mater. 11/2014) (2014)

A simple yet effective method, described on page 1763 by X. Zhao and co-workers, to generate high-aspect-ratio, hierarchical, and dynamically tunable topographical patterns over large areas by harnessing the localized-ridge instability in nanofilms. The new patterns have led to extraordinary functions, including extremely stretchable super-hydrophobic coatings and biomimetic cell-culture substrates capable of controlled stem-cell alignment on demand.
Templated assembly of a molecular capsule (1998)

Two rigid Tröger’s base dizinc(II) bis-porphyrin receptor molecules 1 and the first generation of dendrimer tetramine 4 form a 2:1 complex 5, a self-assembled spherical superstructure encapsulating the dendrimer.
First structure of 20α-HSD reveals a new catalytic actor for the transformation of progesterone by an AKR (2002)

The fatty acid elongation system FAS-II is involved in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids, which are major and specific long chain fatty acids of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, including M. smegmatis. The protein MabA, also named FabG1, has recently been shown to be part of FAS-II and to catalyse the NADPH-specific reduction of long chain beta-ketoacyl derivatives. This activity corresponds to the second step of a FAS-II elongation round. FAS-II is inhibited by the antituberculous drug isoniazid. Thus, the other enzymes making up this enzymatic complex represent potential targets for designing new antituberculous drugs. We first solved the crystal structure at 2.0 resolution of the wild-type apo-enzyme. After examination of the sequence of MabA and its homologue we performed various mutations. The structure activity relationship was studies by the way of these mutants' structures
Identification of new and common mutations in the EPM2A gene in Lafora disease (2000)

Lafora disease is a teenage onset progressive myoclonus epilepsy caused by mutations in the EPM2A gene. In this report, we describe new mutations within EPM2A, review the known mutations to date to identify the most common, and describe three simple tests for prenatal and carrier screening.
Selective Ethylene Oligomerization with Chromium Complexes Bearing Pyridine–Phosphine Ligands: Influence of Ligand Structure on Catalytic Behavior (2014)

Chromium complexes bearing a series of pyridine–phosphine ligands have been synthesized and examined for their catalytic behavior in ethylene oligomerization. The choice of solvent, toluene versus methylcyclohexane, shows a pronounced influence on the catalytic activity for all these complexes. Variations of the ligand system have been introduced by modifying the phosphine substituents affecting ligand bite angles and flexibility. It has been demonstrated that minor differences in the ligand structure can result in remarkable changes not only in catalytic activity but also in selectivity toward α-olefins versus polyethylene and distribution of oligomeric products. Ligand PyCH2N(Me)PiPr2, in combination with CrCl3(THF)3 afforded selective ethylene tri- and tetramerization, giving 1-hexene and 1-octene with good overall selectivity and high purity, albeit with the presence of small amounts of PE.
Crystallographic and Receptor Binding Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Complexed to Two Potent Inhibitors (2014)

We report the crystal structures of two inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (PfMIF) with nanomolar Ki's, analyze their interactions with the active site of PfMIF, and provide explanations regarding their selectivity of PfMIF versus human MIF. These inhibitors were also found to selectively inhibit interactions between PfMIF and the human MIF receptor CD74. The results of this study provide the framework for the development of new therapeutics that target PfMIF.
Mono- versus Dinuclear Pt(II) 6-(5-Trifluoromethyl-Pyrazol-3-yl)-2,2′-Bipyridine Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Remarkable Difference in Luminescent Properties (2010)

A series of charge-neutral mononuclear Pt(II) complexes Pt(fpbpy)(pz) (3a), Pt(fpbpy)(dmpz) (4a), Pt(fpbpy)(dbpz) (5a), and Pt(fpbpy)(dtfpz) (6a), fpbpyH = 6-(5-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine, pzH = pyrazole, dmpzH = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, dbpzH = 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazole, and dtfpzH = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole, and the cationic Pt(II) dimer [{Pt(fpbpy)}(2)(mu-pz)](+) (3b), [{Pt(fpbpy)}(2)(mu-dmpz)](+) (4b), and [{Pt(fpbpy)}(2)(mu-dbpz)](+) (5b) were synthesized. Series a mononuclear complexes reveal two distinctive ligand arrangements. As unveiled by X-ray crystallography, 3a exhibits a nearly perfect planar geometry, while structural determination on 6a shows a perpendicular arrangement of dbpz ligand due to steric congestion. In sharp contrast, the dinuclear complexes, exemplified by 4b and 5b, display an intramolecular Pt...Pt separation of 3.601 and 3.403 A, respectively. As for photophysical properties, the structural variation leads to a salient difference in emission features between 3a (580 nm) and 6a (510 nm). The results are rationalized by the contribution of ligand-to-ligand charge transfer and intraligand pi-pi* transition for 3a and 6a in the lowest-lying excited state, respectively. On the other hand, dinuclear complexes 3b and 4b reveal dual phosphorescence (denoted as P(1) and P(2) bands), for which the short wavelength emission (the P(1) band) is akin to that observed for the intraligand pi-pi* transition of 6a, while the much red-shifted, broad emission (the P(2) band) is attributed to the formation of intramolecular ligand-metal-to-metal charge transfer excimer transition. Further studies of relaxation dynamics on both 3b and 4b showed fast excited-state equilibrium between the P(1) and P(2) bands. In contrast, only the P(2) emission band was resolved for 5b, indicating its exergonic excimer formation. Supplementary support of the excited-state thermodynamics is also provided by time-dependent density functional theory calculations, incorporating both geometry optimized S(0) and T(1) states.
Solvent‐Free Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes by Reaction with a Nonclassical Ruthenium Hydride Pincer Complex (2014)

Abstract Upon the simple addition of substrates, the ruthenium pincer complex [Ru( t Bu PNP)(H 2 )(H) 2 ] [ 1 ; t Bu PNP = 2,6‐bis(di‐ tert ‐butylphosphinomethyl)pyridine] is an active and selective catalyst system for the hydrosilylation of terminal alkyl alkynes under mild, solvent‐free conditions. The reactivity of this system for other functionalized terminal alkynes was also investigated, and we observed competing catalytic cycles that produce both alkyne dimers and dehydrogenative silylation products. Kinetic measurements for the hydrosilylation of 1‐octyne show that the catalyst has an initial turnover frequency of 121 h –1 at room temperature. The stoichiometric reaction between 1 and H 2 SiPh 2 yields [Ru( t Bu PNP)(H) 2 (H 2 SiPh 2 )], which undergoes Si–H bond activation to yield the catalytically active species [Ru( t Bu PNP)(HSiPh 2 )(H)]. The reaction of 1 with phenylacetylene yielded [Ru( t Bu PNP)(H) 2 (HC≡CPh)] and [Ru( t Bu PNP)(H)(C≡CPh)(HC≡CPh)], and we propose that the latter is the active species in the dimerization reaction.
Microarray analysis of bladder smooth muscle from patients with myelomeningocele (2008)

Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that MM bladders have an excess of extracellular matrix deposition, improper contraction, and are developmentally immature relatively to healthy SMCs. The clinical implication of microarray analysis of MM SMCs is that it provides potential targets that could induce muscle differentiation and inhibit extracellular matrix production.
Microbial Transformation of Antifertility Agents, Norethisterone and 17α-Ethynylestradiol (2004)

The microbial transformation of oral contraceptive norethisterone (1) by Cephalosporium aphidicola afforded an oxidized metabolite, 17α-ethynylestradiol (2), while the microbial transformation of 2 by Cunninghamella elegans yielded several metabolites, 19-nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5 (10)- trien-20-yne-3,4,17β -triol (3), 19-nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5 (10)-trien-20-yne-3,7α,17β -triol (4), 19- nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5 (10)-trien-20-yne-3,11α,17β -triol (5), 19-nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5 (10)-trien-20- yne-3,6β ,17β -triol (6) and 19-nor-17α-pregna-1,3,5 (10)-trien-20-yne-3,17β -diol-6β -methoxy (7). Metabolite 7 was found to be a new compound. These metabolites were structurally characterized on the basis of spectroscopic techniques
Intracellular consequences of SOS1 deficiency during salt stress (2010)

A mutation of AtSOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive 1), a plasma membrane Na +/H+-antiporter in Arabidopsis thaliana, leads to a salt-sensitive phenotype accompanied by the death of root cells under salt stress. Intracellular events and changes in gene expression were compared during a non-lethal salt stress between the wild type and a representative SOS1 mutant, atsos1-1, by confocal microscopy using ion-specific fluorophores and by quantitative RT-PCR. In addition to the higher accumulation of sodium ions, atsos1-1 showed inhibition of endocytosis, abnormalities in vacuolar shape and function, and changes in intracellular pH compared to the wild type in root tip cells under stress. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a dramatically faster and higher induction of root-specific Ca2+ transporters, including several CAXs and CNGCs, and the drastic down-regulation of genes involved in pH-homeostasis and membrane potential maintenance. Differential regulation of genes for functions in intracellular protein trafficking in atsos1-1 was also observed. The results suggested roles of the SOS1 protein, in addition to its function as a Na+/H+ antiporter, whose disruption affected membrane traffic and vacuolar functions possibly by controlling pH homeostasis in root cells.