gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions between stimulated platelets and endothelial cells in vitro (1981)

Prostaglandins and hydroxy acids are synthesized mainly from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonate, and these substances have been identified in almost all mammalian tissues. Prostaglandins, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) are autocoids that appear to function in the regulation of vascular tone, cell secretion and contractile processes. So far, hydroxy acids have been found to function as chemotactic agents and in the formation of slow-reacting substances. Other actions of hydroxy acids will certainly be defined in future research. The endoperoxides PGG2 and PGH2 represent common precursors of all prostaglandin end-products. In studying the prostaglandin metabolism of a specific tissue, the total profile of endoperoxide transformation should be determined. In platelets the endoperoxides are transformed mainly into TXA2, a potent vasoconstrictor and inducer of platelet aggregation. Endothelial cells convert endoperoxides to PGI2, a vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. In addition, endothelial cells can utilize endoperoxides from stimulated plates to form PGI2. The concept that platelets and endothelial cells can share common precursors for the production of modulating substances may be applicable to other cell types.
Nonlinear Diamond Photonics (2014)

We developed a single-crystal diamond nanophotonics platform and demonstrated ring resonators with quality factors &gt;106. Furthermore, we leveraged diamond's third order nonlinearity to demonstrate frequency comb generation at telecom wavelengths in our resonators.
Genomic and transcriptional alterations in first-line chemotherapy exert a potentially unfavorable influence on subsequent immunotherapy in NSCLC (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Recent studies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have demonstrated that first-line immunotherapy is associated with better therapeutic response than second-line treatment. So far, the mechanisms need to be explored. It prompted us to evaluate the association between first-line chemotherapy and subsequent immunotherapy in NSCLC as well as its underlying mechanisms at the genomic and transcriptomic level. <b>Methods:</b> We launched a prospective, observational clinical study, paired tumor biopsies before and after chemotherapy were collected from NSCLC patients without tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-related driver gene mutations. The analyses included genomic and transcriptional changes performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based whole-exome sequencing (WES) and messager ribonucleic acid (mRNA) sequencing. Characteristic mutational alterations in 1574 genes were investigated based on mutational status, clinicopathological factors, and chemotherapy responses. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, neoantigen prediction and intratumoral heterogeneity evaluation were also performed. <b>Results:</b> Samples and information from 32 NSCLC patients without TKI-related driver gene mutations were obtained. We found that the total number of single nucleotide variants (SNV)/insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations did not change significantly after chemotherapy. The tumor mutation burden (TMB) decreased significantly after chemotherapy in smoking patients and the decreased TMB correlated with a better survival of smoking patients. The change in copy number variations (CNVs) exhibited a decreasing trend during chemotherapy. Subsequent analysis at mRNA level revealed a significant decrease in the expression levels of genes related to antigen processing and presentation as well as other factors relevant for response to immunotherapy. Pathway enrichment analysis confirmed that the immune-related signaling pathways or biological processes were decreased after first-line chemotherapy. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study presents an explanation for the unsatisfactory results of immunotherapy when given after chemotherapy, and suggests that first-line chemotherapy is able to influence the tumor microenvironment and decrease the efficacy of subsequent immunotherapy. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03764917, and has completed enrolment; patients are still in follow-up.
Pilotstudie zur Rezeptierung von Benzodiazepinen in der Schweiz: Beeinflusst die kognitive Verfügbarkeit von Gesetzesvorschriften das ärztliche Verschreibungsverhalten? (2004)

All 481 prescriptions of benzodiazepines from five Zurich pharmacies during a 6 week period were evaluated with respect to their compliance with the Swiss Law on Narcotics, which was formulated to prevent benzodiazepine dependence. Three weeks into the study, all 17 physicians with prescriptions of benzodiazepines practising in the catchment areas of two of the five pharmacies randomly selected were faxed an information sheet explaining formal juridical requirements for benzodiazepine prescription stipulated by the law. 28 % of all prescriptions were not compliant with the law. The older a patient, the greater his/her risk of receiving a non-compliant prescription. Neither sex of patients nor professional specialization of the prescribing doctor did impact prescription compliance. The preventive intervention, i. e. information on legal requirements, also had no significant impact on the compliance of prescriptions with the law. As other studies with soft interventions and educational measures directed to the prescribing physician also failed to reduce inappropriate prescription of benzodiazepines, it is concluded that sanctions against incompliant prescription behaviour should be considered as a preventive alternative.
Model Predictive Control for Human Motion Simulation (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes a novel model-based controller designed to simulate human motion in dynamic virtual environments. The controller was tested on Santos&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt;, the digital human developed at the Virtual Soldier Research Program at the University of Iowa.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A planar 3-degrees-of-freedom model of the human arm was used to test the hypothesis. The controller was used to predict on line, optimal torques required to move the end effector towards a target point. The control law was implemented using classical gradient-based optimization and the recently developed technique of model predictive control (MPC). An advantage of MPC is that it replaces intractable closed loop optimization problems with more easily implementable open loop problems.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The controller was used to produce physically consistent simulations of the motion of a human arm in a virtual environment in the presence of external disturbances that were not known in advance.&lt;/div&gt;
Higher Intelligence in Embedded Systems Design and Operation: A research and development proposal (2001)

The use of models has found widespread application in systems engineering as a (semi-)formal method to manage the complexity and heterogeneity of large scale systems and theier design teams and tools because they are amenable to analysis and synthesis tasks.
Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a non-T/non-B human leukemic cell line (REH) to macrophage-like cells. (1984)

Treatment of non-T/non-B human leukemic cell line REH with 5 X 10(-9) M 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at 37 degrees resulted in their adherence to culture flasks by 24 to 36 hr and, after 72 hr, the entire surface of the flask/coverslips became covered with macrophage-like cells containing pseudopodia. Wright-Giemsa-stained untreated cells had blast morphology, whereas TPA-treated cells (adherent or excess cells remaining in suspension) had characteristic morphology of macrophages and phagocytized large numbers of latex beads. Untreated REH cells were negative for nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, Sudan Black B, and peroxidase, and they were weakly positive for periodic acid-Schiff, acid phosphatase, chloroacetate esterase (pH 6.8), and nonspecific (naphthol AS-D acetate, pH 6.8) esterase, whereas TPA-treated cells (adherent or in suspension) gave strong reaction for these stains except for peroxidase and chloroacetate esterase which showed moderate reaction. Furthermore, the nonspecific esterase activity of TPA-treated cells and weak activity in 10% of untreated cells was strongly inhibited by NaF, a characteristic of monocytic series of cells. Lysozyme activity was not detected in culture supernatant from control or TPA-treated cells. No cytoplasmic immunoglobulin was detected in untreated or TPA-treated cells, and the monocyte/granulocyte antigen (detected by MCS-2 monoclonal antibody) which was absent from untreated REH cells was expressed in TPA-treated cells. TPA-treated cells lost common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen but showed significantly elevated expression of histocompatibility locus DR antigen. Terminal transferase estimated by immunofluorescence and biochemical assay was high in untreated REH cells, whereas TPA-treated cells were negative in terminal transferase immunofluorescence and had only negligible terminal transferase activity in biochemical assay. All these changes in REH cells observed on TPA treatment represent the differentiation of a human leukemic non-T/non-B-cell line to macrophage-like cells for the first time which indicates that some non-T/non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells may have latent monocyte-like phenotype.
Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits. (2019)

High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
Highly regioselective synthesis of 1,7-diprotected 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane derivatives (1991)

Reaction of dimethylformamicle diethyl acetal with monoalkylated 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane derivatives 3, followed by hydrolysis of the tricyclic intermediates 4, selectively affords 1,7-disubstituted tetraazamacrocycles 5.
Fast CMOS Analog Multiplier and Divider With Continuous-Time Inverter-Based Flash Digitizer (2021)

A CMOS analog multiplier with a large signal bandwidth has been proposed. The multiplier is based on a variable-gain amplifier and the gain is controlled continuously in accordance with an input signal. A continuous-time inverter-based flash digitizer with no need of an oversampling clock serves as an enabler for the enhanced bandwidth with robust operation. The two-quadrant and four-quadrant multipliers are presented as well as a divider with the same principle. The proposed four-quadrant multiplier was designed with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.13~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process under a 1.2V supply. Simulation results proved multiplication of 100MHz input signals with 7.0mW power at typical condition. In addition, calibration of the digitizer was applied and verified under process variation. Furthermore, the divider and a fusion of the multiplier and the divider were also designed and confirmed by simulations. Since the multiplier and the divider are suitable for low-voltage operation and require no well-defined square or exponential property of MOS transistors, a larger bandwidth or lower power is expected by implementation with finer CMOS process.
Al-2.1 Absorbance, A, A10, Ae, B (2021)

As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
Comparison of the orientational order of lipid chains in the L.alpha. and HII phases (1990)

The orientational order profile has been determined by using deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2H NMR) for POPE in the lamellar liquid-crystalline (L alpha) and the hexagonal (HII) phases and is shown to be sensitive to the symmetry of the lipid phase. In the HII phase, as compared to the L alpha phase, the acyl chains are characterized by a greater motional freedom, and the orientational order is distributed more uniformly along the lipid acyl chain. This is consistent with a change from a cylindrical to a wedge-shaped space available for the lipid chain. 2H NMR studies of POPE dispersions containing tetradecanol or decane, both of which can induce HII phase structure, show very different behavior. Tetradecanol appears to align with the phospholipid chains and experience the L alpha to HII phase transition with a similar change in motional averaging as observed for the phospholipid chains themselves. In contrast, decane is apparently deeply embedded in the lipid structure and exhibits only a small degree of orientation. The L alpha to HII phase transition for systems containing decane leads to a dramatic increase of the motional freedom of decane which is more pronounced than that observed for the lipid chains. This is consistent with a preferential partition of the decane molecules into a disordered environment such as the intercylinder spaces in the HII phase. The presence of decane in the HII phase structure does not modify the order of the lipid chains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Opportunities for Microbial Control of Pulse Crop Pests (2018)

The insect pest complex in U.S. pulse crops is almost an "orphan" in terms of developed microbial control agents that the grower can use. There are almost no registered microbial pest control agents (MPCA) for the different pulse pests. In some cases, a microbial is registered for use against specific pests, e.g., grasshoppers, but not in pulse crops. In most cases, best-use practices for any of the microbials are not defined for pulses. Thus, there are ample research opportunities in this area. This review discusses what is actually or potentially available to manage each of the pulse crop pests and identifies research needs to make microbial control measures a reality.
Immunocytochemical Localization of Type 5 17 β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Human Reproductive Tissues (1999)

17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) controls the last step in the formation of all androgens and all estrogens. At least six 17beta-HSD isoenzymes have been identified. The recently cloned Type 5 17beta-HSD transforms 4-dione into testosterone. To gain a better understanding of the role of this enzyme in reproductive tissues, we immunocytochemically localized the enzyme in human male and female reproductive organs. In the ovary of adult premenopausal women (25-40 years of age), immunostaining was found in corpus luteum cells. In the uterus, staining was detected only in the epithelial cells of the endometrium. Immunolabeling was also detected in the mammary gland, a positive reaction being detected in epithelial cells of acini and intralobular ducts as well as in the surrounding stromal cells. In the testis, strong staining was seen in the Leydig cells, and a weak but specific reaction was occasionally detected in Sertoli and germ cells. In the prostate, specific labeling was observed in alveoli and stromal fibroblasts. In alveoli, all the basal cells were generally labeled, whereas the luminal cells exhibited variations in immunoreactivity. In all the reproductive organs examined, specific staining was routinely detected in the walls of blood vessels, including the endothelial cells. These results indicate a cell-specific localization of Type 5 17beta-HSD in the different human reproductive organs, thus suggesting new mechanisms of local androgen and estrogen formation that may play an important physiological role.
Relation between Structure and Anti-viral Activity in Interferon System (1995)

The interferons (IFN) were discovered in 1957 as biological agents interfering with viral replication. IFNs were initially classified according to their sources as leukocyte, fibroblast and immune IFNs. Both leukocyte and fibroblast IFNs are designated as Type I IFNs and immune IFN as a Type II IFN. There are almost twenty related IFNs which belong to the group of Type I IFN. IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega 1 are described as members of the large group of Type I IFN. Both natural IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega 1 are isolated from human leukocytes. IFN-alpha 2 carries an O-linked carbohydrate moiety, whereas IFN-omega 1 has an N-linked complex oligosaccharide. Recombinant IFN-alpha 2 expressed in E coli. and Sf-9 cells have been characterized. Moreover, recombinant IFN-omega 1 expressed in CHO cells and Sf-9 cells have also been characterized. In the present study, the recombinant human IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega 1 were analyzed for their anti-viral activity compared with native products.
Elektromagnetisch navigierte, antegrade in-situ Fenestrierung von Aortenprothesen im Phantom- und Tiermodell (2013)

Ziele: Die Ausdehnung von abdominellen Aortenaneurysmen (AAA) über die viszeralen Seitäste stellt eine Herausforderung für die endovaskuläre Therapie der AAA dar. Ziel war die Entwicklung eines Gesamtsystems, welches durch den Einsatz von elektromagnetischer Navigation (EMT) eine in-situ Fenestrierung von Aortenprothesen zur Sicherung der viszeralen Durchblutung ermöglichen soll. Methode: Zunächst wurde ein Aortenstentgraft aus hochporösem Prothesenstoff gefertigt. Ein EMT-navigierter, lenkbarer Katheter in Kombination mit einem getrackten Führungsdraht wurde entwickelt und unter Verwendung einer speziell entwickelten Software eingesetzt.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals (2022)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTDiagnostic and Therapeutic RadiopharmaceuticalsCraig W. LindsleyCraig W. LindsleyDepartment of Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United StatesMore by Craig W. Lindsleyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445, Christa E. MüllerChrista E. MüllerPharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, GermanyMore by Christa E. Müllerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-6624, and Salvatore Bongarzone*Salvatore BongarzoneTechnical Research and Development, Advanced Accelerator Applications, a Novartis Company, via Ribes 5, Colleretto Giacosa 10010, Italy*[email protected]More by Salvatore Bongarzonehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-3045Cite this: ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci. 2022, 5, 10, 835–837Publication Date (Web):September 19, 2022Publication History Received28 August 2022Published online19 September 2022Published inissue 14 October 2022https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsptsci.2c00173https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.2c00173editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2022 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2450Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cancer therapy,Nuclear medicine,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Characterizing the high-power-microwaves radiated by an axial output compact S-band A6 segmented magnetron fed by a split cathode and powered by a linear induction accelerator (2023)

In a recent publication [J. Appl. Phys. 131, 023301 (2022)], microwave generation by a segmented A6 S-band axial output relativistic magnetron (RM) fed by a split cathode and powered by a small pulsed power generator was demonstrated for the first time. In the present article, we add to the same RM a mode converter and an antenna and drive it by using a modified linear induction accelerator (LIA) (≤450 kV, ≤4 kA, ∼150 ns). It was found that the operation of the RM for a split cathode or a common explosive emission cathode differs significantly. For a split cathode, we optimize for the best microwave output, its geometrical parameters, the external magnetic field, and the LIA's charging voltages. For the optimal choice of these parameters, the RM generates ∼160 ns long microwave pulses of ∼130 MW, 1.78 GHz frequency with an electronic efficiency of ∼40%, without pulse shortening. On the other hand, a common solid cathode fed RM showed microwave pulse shortening. We demonstrated that the segmented anode allows using a μs-timescale magnetic field, making it possible for the RM to operate repetitively.
Methods for preparing materials for lithium ion batteries (2023)

A process for preparing transition metal particles with a gradient in composition from the core of the particle to the outer layers. In particular, the process involves contacting a first transition metal solution with a second transition metal solution to form a transition metal source solution under specific process conditions. The transition metal particles with desired composition gradients are precipitated from the transition metal source solution. The transition metal particles may be combined with metals such as lithium to form cathode active metal oxides.