gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Oncolytic Activity of a Double-Deleted Vaccinia Virus Copenhagen Strain against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2020)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a cancer of the pleura that lacks efficient treatment. Oncolytic immunotherapy using oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV) may represent an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of this malignancy. Here, we studied the oncolytic activity of VV thymidine kinase (<i>TK</i>)<i>-</i>ribonucleotide reductase (<i>RR</i>)<i>-/</i>green fluorescent protein (<i>GFP</i>) against MPM. This virus is a VV from the Copenhagen strain that is deleted of two genes encoding the TK (<i>J2R</i>) and the RR (<i>I4L</i>) and that express the GFP. First, we show <i>in vitro</i> that VV<i>TK-RR-/GFP</i> efficiently infects and kills the twenty-two human MPM cell lines used in this study. We also show that the virus replicates in all eight tested MPM cell lines, however, with approximately a 10-fold difference in the amplification level from one cell line to another. Then, we studied the therapeutic efficiency of VV<i>TK-RR-/GFP</i> in non-obese diabetic (NOD) severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice that bear peritoneal human MPM tumors. One intraperitoneal infection of VV<i>TK</i>-<i>RR-/GFP</i> reduces the tumor burden and significantly increases mice survival compared to untreated animals. Thus, VV<i>TK-RR</i> <i>-</i> may be a promising oncolytic virus (OV) for the oncolytic immunotherapy of MPM.
Bayesian color constancy revisited (2008)

Computational color constancy is the task of estimating the true reflectances of visible surfaces in an image. In this paper we follow a line of research that assumes uniform illumination of a scene, and that the principal step in estimating reflectances is the estimation of the scene illuminant. We review recent approaches to illuminant estimation, firstly those based on formulae for normalisation of the reflectance distribution in an image - so-called grey-world algorithms, and those based on a Bayesian formulation of image formation. In evaluating these previous approaches we introduce a new tool in the form of a database of 568 high-quality, indoor and outdoor images, accurately labelled with illuminant, and preserved in their raw form, free of correction or normalisation. This has enabled us to establish several properties experimentally. Firstly automatic selection of grey-world algorithms according to image properties is not nearly so effective as has been thought. Secondly, it is shown that Bayesian illuminant estimation is significantly improved by the improved accuracy of priors for illuminant and reflectance that are obtained from the new dataset.
Role of Torsional Flexibility in the Film Formation Process in Two π-Conjugated Model Oligomers (2020)

The performance of solution-processed organic semiconductor devices is heavily influenced by the morphology of the active layer. Film formation is a complex process, with the final morphology being the result of the interplay between processing parameters and molecular properties, which is only poorly understood. Here, we investigate the influence of molecular stiffness by using two model oligomers, TT and CT, which differ only in the rotational flexibility of their central building block. We monitor absorption and emission simultaneously in situ during spin coating. We find that film formation takes place in four similar stages for both compounds. However, the time scales are remarkably different during the third stage, where electronically interacting aggregates are created. While this process is fast for the stiff CT, it takes minutes for the flexible TT. By comparing with previously determined aggregation properties in solution, we conclude that even though aggregate formation concurs with a planarization process, a certain amount of backbone flexibility is beneficial for establishing ordered structures during film formation. Here, the elongated time window in the case of the flexible compound can further allow for better processing control.
P-C3 Molecular determinants of agonist and antagonist signaling through the IL-36 receptor (2014)

The IL-1 family consists of 11 cytokines that control a complex network of pro-inflammatory signals critical for regulating immune responses to infections. They also play a central role in numerous chronic inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, inhibiting the activities of these cytokines is an important therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune diseases and lymphomas. Agonist cytokines in the IL-1 family activate signaling by binding their cognate receptor and then recruiting a receptor accessory protein. Conversely, antagonist cytokines bind their cognate receptor but prohibit recruitment of receptor accessory protein, which precludes functional signaling complexes. The IL-36 subfamily of cytokines is the most diverse, including 3 agonists and at least 1 antagonist, and least well characterized group within this family. Signaling through the IL-36 receptor directly stimulates dendritic cells and primes naïve CD4 T cells for Th1 responses. Appropriately balanced IL-36 signaling is a critical determinant of skin and lung health. IL-36 signaling has been presumed to function analogously to IL-1 signaling. Here, we have defined molecular determinants of agonist and antagonist signaling through the IL-36 receptor. We present the crystal structure of IL-36γ, the first reported structure of an IL-36 agonist. Using this structure as a guide, we designed a comprehensive series of IL-36 agonist/antagonist chimeric proteins for which we measured binding to the IL-36 receptor/IL-1 receptor accessory protein complex and functional activation and inhibition of signaling. Our data reveal how the fine specificity of IL-36 signaling is distinct from that of IL-1.
An a b i n i t i o calculation of the zero-field splitting parameters of the 3A′′ state of formaldehyde (1980)

The spin dipole–dipole and spin–orbit contributions to the zero-field splitting of the 3A″ state of formaldehyde have been evaluated at the excited state experimental geometry. Ab initio CI wave functions were generated from a Dunning double zeta plus polarization basis set using 3A″ rhf orbitals. Twelve states of each symmetry were used to evaluate the second-order spin–orbit effect. The resulting values of D and E were 0.19 and 0.03 cm−1 with the principal magnetic axes rotated 36° from the CO bond. The values of α and β relative to the inertial axes were calculated to be 0.03 and 0.01 cm−1 compared to the experimental values of 0.05±0.01 and 0.02±0.02 cm−1.
1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-β-D-psicofuranose (2005)

The crystal structure of the title diacetone psicose, C12H20O6, establishes the stereochemistry of the anomeric spiro­acetal 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropyl­idene-β-d-psicofuran­ose. The structure consists of columns of mol­ecules linked by hydrogen bonds into chains [O⋯O 2.962 (2) Å] lying parallel to the a axis.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Recombinant Immunotoxin against the Tumor-Associated Antigen Mesothelin Reengineered for High Activity, Low Off-Target Toxicity, and Reduced Antigenicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 626K, Purified recombinant immunotoxins&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract LB-90: DUPA-99mTc localizes to prostate cancer in men with locally advanced and metastatic disease. (2013)

Abstract Objectives: Currently, the absence of an effective prostate cancer targeted imaging agent limits the ability to correctly clinically stage prostate cancer. The conjugation of a high affinity PSMA-targeting ligand, 2-[3-(1, 3-dicarboxy propyl)-ureido] pentanedioic acid (DUPA) to technetium 99m (99mTc) has generated a new prostate cancer imaging agent termed DUPA-99mTc. The objective of this phase 0 clinical trial was to confirm the preclinical data demonstrating high affinity localization to human prostate cancer cells and tissues. Methods: Nine men with advanced and metastatic prostate cancer confirmed by CT scan and/or bone scan were enrolled in the Phase 0 trial to investigate both the biologic efficacy and toxicity of the DUPA-99mTc agent. Dosimetry studies of images, blood and urine at 5 and 20 mCi doses were obtained at baseline, 5 min, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours. Results: Nine men with documented prostate cancer were enrolled. Seven of the nine subjects were evaluable. One patient did not receive a full iv dose and another received poorly labeled DUPA-99mTc (70%). The remaining seven patients, who received DUPA-99mTc in excess of 95% labeled product, demonstrated localization to all cancerous areas seen on pre-enrollment images (CT and Bone Scans) plus additional lesions in several of the patients. Two men who had biopsy-confirmed locally recurrent prostate cancer had scans prior to resection, and tissue was monitored intra-operatively and ex-vivo to confirm the higher 99mTc counts in malignant tissue compared to normal tissue. No significant toxicity was demonstrated with administration of the DUPA-99mTc in any subject. Conclusions: DUPA-99mTc compound can be reliably administered to men with prostate cancer without toxicities and with equal or superior imaging compared to conventional CT and bone scans. A Phase I/II trial will be conducted to confirm the performance of this imaging agent in a larger patient population. Citation Format: Thomas A. Gardner, James W. Fletcher, Song-Chu Ko, Philip S. Low, Timothy L. Ratliff. DUPA-99mTc localizes to prostate cancer in men with locally advanced and metastatic disease. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-90. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-90
Selective Activation Of Peripheral Nerve Fascicles: Use Of Field Steering Currents (2005)

ABsTRAff Acute animal testing of a twelve electrode spiral nerve cuff for selective activation of peripheral nerve fascicles was performed on the sciatic nerve in six cats. The effects of electrode position and magnitude of transverse field steering current on selective activation of individual fascicles were investigated. Stimulation using spatially isolated tripoles activated different regions of the nerve trunk. Modulation of both the transverse steering current magnitude and the longitudinal current magnitude increased selectivity and reduced the slope of recruitment curves compared to curves obtained using just a single value of transverse current. The multipolar cuff provided an effective means to activate individual fascicles that were well defined at the level of the cuff.
Natural antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum MSP3 and GLURP(R0) antigens are associated with low parasite densities in malaria patients living in the Central Region of Ghana (2017)

The negative correlation between naturally occurring GLURP(R0) and MSP3 antibody levels and parasite density observed in this study suggest that augmenting the antibody response with the GMZ2 vaccine could enhance protection in the Central Region of Ghana.
Vascular factors in the neurotoxic damage caused by 1, 3‐dinitrobenzene in the rat (1991)

Using a 3 x 10 mg/kg dose schedule of 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) over two days in Fischer rats, we have found the following changes in vascular function and structure during the early phase of the symmetrical brain stem lesions. 1. Marked increase in cerebral blood flow generally but especially in the inferior colliculi, from 6 h after the final dose of DNB. 2. Increasing incidence of petechial haemorrhages in inferior colliculi, cerebellar roof, vestibular and superior olivary nuclei from 12 h. 3. Focal leakage of horseradish peroxidase and many sleeve-like arteriolar haemorrhages seen in vibratome sections and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in these regions from 12 h. 4. Periarteriolar oedema and protein leakage present in step-serial sections in these regions from 12 h, with astrocyte swelling and occasional small infarcts. These changes suggest that the vascular bed may play an important role in the pathogenesis of these lesions, perhaps in parallel with early astroglial damage. They are discussed in relation to (i) the known presence of xanthine oxidase in the vascular bed of the brain and the likelihood of "useless redox cycling' with free radical generation from this enzyme's interaction with nitroheterocyclic compounds, and (ii) the possible role of free radical damage to endothelial cells in this intoxication and in the analogous lesions of natural and experimental Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Identification of the Bile Acid-binding Site of the Ileal Lipid-binding Protein by Photoaffinity Labeling, Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry, and NMR Structure (2001)

The ileal lipid-binding protein (ILBP) is the only physiologically relevant bile acid-binding protein in the cytosol of ileocytes. To identify the bile acid-binding site(s) of ILBP, recombinant rabbit ILBP photolabeled with 3-azi- and 7-azi-derivatives of cholyltaurine was analyzed by a combination of enzymatic fragmentation, gel electrophoresis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-mass spectrometry. The attachment site of the 3-position of cholyltaurine was localized to the amino acid triplet His(100)-Thr(101)-Ser(102) using the photoreactive 3,3-azo-derivative of cholyltaurine. With the corresponding 7,7-azo-derivative, the attachment point of the 7-position could be localized to the C-terminal part (position 112-128) as well as to the N-terminal part suggesting more than one binding site for bile acids. By chemical modification and NMR structure of ILBP, arginine residue 122 was identified as the probable contact point for the negatively charged side chain of cholyltaurine. Consequently, bile acids bind to ILBP with the steroid nucleus deep inside the protein cavity and the negatively charged side chain near the entry portal. The combination of photoaffinity labeling, enzymatic fragmentation, MALDI-mass spectrometry, and NMR structure was successfully used to determine the topology of bile acid binding to ILBP.
Erratum to: Search for heavy Higgs bosons decaying to a top quark pair in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV (2022)

Erratum to: JHEP04(2020)171. The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2020)171. ArXiv ePrint: 1908.01115, https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.01115.
Classification for Imperfect EEG Epileptic Seizure in IoT applications: A Comparative Study (2018)

Epileptic seizure detection could be detected through investigating the electroencephalography (EEG), which is deemed to be very important for IoT wearable sensor-based health systems. EEG-based classification is crucial for a wide-range of applications to analyze real-time vital signs using features concerning predefined set of data classes. The aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative study for several classification techniques and demonstrate the effect of uncertainty in the EEG data on the classification accuracy. We define a model for decomposing the EEG using various transformation such as discrete cosine transform, discrete wavelet transform into several sub-bands. After feature extraction, a comparative study to assess the classification algorithms' performance is conducted. In addition, we evaluate their overall accuracy and complexity as performance measures. For this purpose, we use the support vector machine (SVM) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). These are chosen as classifier models to study the performance of the obtained features. The discussion will include the evaluation of the classifiers' performance using the EEG-based epileptic seizure data in two categories, noiseless and noisy. In addition, there are some statistical features extracted to characterize the complete EEG data feeding to these two classifiers. A publically available EEG dataset is employed for both normal and epileptic seizure for automatic epileptic seizure detection as a benchmark.
Directed induction of chondrogenic cells from mouse dermal fibroblast culture (2012)

Rheumatology has pioneered in the study of autoantibodies by showing that they are not only involved in pathogenesis but are also highly useful as diagnostic biomarkers. The diagnostic biomarker aspect of autoimmunity has gained increasing importance in cancer and many of the insights gained in Rheumatology have contributed to understanding the significance of autoantibodies in cancer. Features of autoantibodies in rheumatic disorders: In rheumatic diseases no individual autoantibody-antigen system has sufficient combination of sensitivity and specificity to serve as a useful diagnostic biomarker. Instead, several antigen-antibody systems constructed as profiles of biomarkers are highly effective in distinguishing one disorder from another. In lupus, anti-double strand DNA and anti-Sm distinguishes it from scleroderma, where the profile is anti-DNA topoisomerase 1 and anti-centromere proteins. The autoantigensare cell components involved in universal and basic gene expression pathways, such as Sm in precursor mRNA splicing and DNA topoisomerase 1 in DNA replication and transcription [1]. Features of autoantibodies in cancer: Autoantibodies in cancer target intracellular molecules referred to as TAAs (tumor-associated antigens). As in rheumatic disorders, no individual autoantibody-antigen system has sensitivity and specificity to serve as a stand-alone diagnostic marker [2]. Most tumors show multiple antibody specificities and with panels of TAAanti-TAAs (analogous toprofiles) the cumulative sensitivity and specificity reaches diagnostic significance. Different tumorigenesis pathways are
PTU-169 Long-lasting Oesophageal Mucosal Protction With Alginates: A Potential For Topical Mucosal Therapy In Gastro-oesophageal Reflux (2014)

Introduction Patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) exhibit impaired oesophageal mucosal barrier integrity in the form of dilated intercellular spaces and low transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Such refluxate-induced changes to the mucosal integrity may underlie increased sensitivity to perception of reflux events, even on PPI, and could potentially be modified by application of topical solutions. Sodium alginate solutions are used in treatment of GORD, with proposed mechanisms of action including acid buffering, displacement of the gastric acid pocket, and reduction of reflux events. We have recently described that in vitro topical application of a sodium alginate solution is able to protect mucosal biopsies against impairment of oesophageal mucosal integrity when exposed to acidic solutions shortly after application. The durability of this protection is unclear. We aimed to assess the protective effect and physical location of a topically applied sodium alginate solution 1 h after application. Methods 3 mucosal biopsies were taken from the distal oesophagus (3 cm above the z-line) in 10 patients attending the Royal London Hospital for gastroscopy. Biopsies were transferred immediately to Krebs buffer pH 7.4. The luminal surfaces of 2 biopsies were coated with 200 µl of either a sodium alginate solution (Gaviscon Advance, Reckitt Benckiser, Hull, UK) or a viscous control solution (of same viscosity, but without alginate). The biopsies were mechanically washed with 5 ml Krebs, then each placed in an Using chambers and bathed in pH 7.4 solution for 1 h. The luminal aspect of the biopsy was then exposed for 30 min to an acidic solution pH 2 + 1 mg/ml pepsin + 1 mM taurodeoxycholate. Percentage changes in TER from baseline at the end of exposure were recorded. For the 3 rd biopsy sodium alginate solution containing fluorescein-labelled alginate was used, and after 1 h bathing in pH 7.4 solution the biopsy was fixed for immunohistological detection of the alginate. Results Our previous experiments have demonstrated that exposure of unprotected biopsies to the acidic solution results in a –14.4 ± 2.9% change in TER from baseline. 1 h after protection with alginate solution the same exposure caused a –8.2 ± 4.2% change in TER compared to –15.9 ± 3.0% change after protection with the viscous control (p &lt; 0.05). Labelled alginate could be seen coating the luminal surface after 1 h in all cases. Conclusion In vitro , alginate solutions can adhere to the oesophageal mucosa for up to 1 h and exert a topical protectant effect against refluxate-like solutions. This suggests that durable topical protectants can be further explored and developed as first-line/add-on therapies for GORD. Disclosure of Interest P. Woodland: None Declared, C. Lee: None Declared, P. Dettmar Employee of: Technostics Limited, S. Preston: None Declared, D. Sifrim Grant/research support from: Reckitt-Benckiser, Sandhill Scientific, Consultant for: Sandhill Scientific.
A 400-W Peak Asymmetric Doherty Power Amplifier Utilizing an Integrated Baseband Termination for Extended Video Bandwidth (2018)

The signal bandwidth requirements for base station radio frequency power amplifiers (PAs) has increased with the advent of multicarrier systems employing carrier aggregation. In this letter, we discuss the design of an integrated bias network for power transistors and discuss its implementation in a high power asymmetric Doherty PA. The designed PA achieves 56 dBm of peak power from 1.805 to 1.88 GHz with 50% efficiency at 8-dB backoff and >200 MHz of video bandwidth (two-tone onset of resonance). Excellent digital pre-distortion (DPD) results are also demonstrated with a 65-MHz wide multicarrier multistandard signal.
ChemInform Abstract: Spontaneous Oxidation of Xenon to Xe(II) by Cationic Ag(II) in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride Solutions. (1990)

Abstract Blue solutions prepared by dissolving AgF 2 in anhydrous HF with AsF 5 or BF 3 oxidize Xe at ∼20 °C to produce the colorless solids (IV) and (VII) (for the reaction with AsF 5 an overall yield is given in gram).
A phase I/II study of intrathecal idursulfase-IT in children with severe mucopolysaccharidosis II (2015)

These preliminary data support further development of investigational idursulfase-IT in MPS II patients with the severe phenotype who have progressed only to a mild-to-moderate level of cognitive impairment.Genet Med 18 1, 73-81.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF TRANSITION METAL PEROXIDES WITH N‐BUTYLLITHIUM (1974)

Abstract Die Reaktion derPeroxymetallverbindungen(I),(IV),(V),(VI)und (VII)mit n‐Butyllithium (II) wird untersucht.