gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of Virtual Full-Duplex Relaying on Cooperative Multi-path Relay Channels (2016)

We consider a cooperative multi-path relay channel (MPRC) where multiple half-duplex relays assist in the packet transmissions from a source to its destination. A virtual full-duplex (FD) relaying scheme is proposed that allows the source to transmit a new packet simultaneously with the selected best relay, with the rest of the relays attempting to decode this new packet. Thus, a new source packet can be served in each time slot, as in FD relay systems. Taking into account the effect of inter-relay interference (IRI) that is caused by simultaneous relay and source transmissions, a Markov chain analytical model is used to characterize the decoding performance at the relays, based on which the overall outage probability of MPRC is obtained in closed-form expressions. The asymptotic performance analysis reveals that in low rate scenarios, a close-to-full diversity order is achieved by the proposed scheme while substantially improving the spectrum efficiency. In high rate scenarios, the decoding performance of relays is limited by IRI and the system outage performance experiences an error floor. Simulation results demonstrate the performance gains of the proposed scheme by comparisons with existing half-duplex and FD relay systems in the literature.
Soliton squeezing in microstructure fiber (2002)

We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, the generation of squeezed light by means of soliton self-phase modulation in microstructure fiber. We observe and characterize the formation of solitons in the microstructure fiber at 1550 nm. A maximum squeezing of 2.7 dB is observed, corresponding to 4.0 dB after correcting for detection losses. The dependence of this quantum-noise reduction on various system parameters is studied in detail. Features of the microstructure fiber can be exploited for generation of low-energy continuous-variable entangled pulses for use in all-fiber teleportation experiments.
Sequential assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during development of hypertension in freely moving Dahl salt‐sensitive rats (2013)

A new method for sequential measurement of GFR was applied during the development of hypertension in the conscious Dahl salt‐sensitive (SS) rat. Utilizing a miniaturized device (Kidney Int. 79: 1254, 2011), disappearance curves of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐sinistrin were determined by transcutaneous excitation and real time detection of the emitted light through the skin. Two groups of SS rats with implanted femoral venous and carotid catheters were studied before (LS; 0.4% NaCl) and on days 2,5,7,14 and 21 after switching to 4.0% (HS) diet (n=9) or maintaining on LS (n=6). SS rats maintained on LS exhibited no significant changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP; telemetry) or GFR while in the group fed HS, GFR decreased progressively and significantly from 1.52±0.07 (T1/2=21±0.9 min) to 1.1±0.04 ml/min/100g bwgt (28.4±1.1 min.) by d21. MAP increased during this period from 132±2 to 162±7 mmHg in the HS group. In contrast, creatinine clearance (urine and plasma determined by MS), the traditional index of GFR, did not change in either group. In conclusion, this novel non‐invasive method using sinistrin provides a sensitive approach for repetitive tracking of GFR in freely moving rats during disease progression and is more sensitive than standard measurements of creatinine clearance. The data clearly show progressive reduction of GFR in SS rats as salt‐induced hypertension developed.
Empirical Modeling of UHF Wireless Channel in HPHT SFNs: Based on Seoul Metropolitan Case (2022)

This paper proposes realistic channel models to describe the fading effects in high-power high-tower (HPHT) single-frequency network (SFN) environments. The proposed models empirically characterize the ultra-high frequency wireless channels based on field data obtained from an operational SFN in a metropolitan area. To this end, large-scale channel sounding experiments are conducted by leveraging on-air transmitter identification signals. The unique features of HPHT SFN transmission are identified and reflected in the tapped delay line parameter definitions. Dedicated models are built for stationary and mobile environments so that they could relevantly assist network planning, system implementation, and performance test in the industry. Free MATLAB source code of the fading simulator is available at https://github.com/ETRI-KMOU/FadingChannelSimulator.
ManyAspects (2008)

We demonstrate ManyAspects -- a document-summarization system that ingests a document and automatically highlights a small set of sentences that are expected to cover the different aspects of the document. The sentences are picked using simple coverage and orthogonality criteria. With ManyAspects, you get a concise yet comprehensive overview of the document without having to spend lots of time drilling down into the details. The system can handle both plain text and syndication feeds (RSS and Atom). It can run either as a stand-alone application or be integrated with Web 2.0 forums to pinpoint different opinions on online discussions for blogs, products, movies, etc. For comparative analysis and exploratory flexibility, the system includes other off-the-shelf text-summarization methods, e.g. k-median clustering and singular value decomposition. Thus, the system allows the user to explore the content of the input document in many different ways.
Parabromophenacyl Bromide Inhibits Subepithelial Fibrosis by Reducing TGF-β<sub>1</sub> in a Chronic Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma (2015)

Our findings indicate that PBPB attenuates some crucial features of airway remodeling such as subepithelial ﬁbrosis and smooth-muscle hyperplasia. These data suggest that PBPB could therefore be a therapeutic drug for chronic asthma.
Expansion of Dendrimer Template Function for Subnanoparticle Synthesis (2021)

Unusual complex formation of PtBr4 in THF was investigated for phenylazomethine dendrimer templates. The characteristics made it possible to reverse-order assemble platinum salts by changing the solvent composition of the dendrimers. This reverse-order assembly method enabled full-range tuning of metal ratios for hybridization, which was inherently difficult for templates with a typical dendritic structure. Full-range control of metal assembly in DPAs was achieved by reverse-order assembly method. The expanded atomicity control develops synthesis of subnanoscale particles.
Poly(bistrifluoromethylamino)-compounds. Synthesis of NN-bistrifluoromethylamino-substituted allenes and their reaction with trifluoronitrosomethane (1970)

A series of novel NN-bistrifluoromethylamino-substituted allenes has been synthesised; trifluoronitrosomethane converts them into the corresponing oxazetidines which on pyrolysis afford NN-bistrifluoromethyl-formamide and an N-trifluoromethylketenimine.
Donor Interlocked Molecular Design for Fluorescence-like Narrow Emission in Deep Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters (2016)

Deep blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters with a narrow emission spectrum were developed by managing the molecular structure of the TADF emitters. The deep blue TADF emitters were designed to show large steric hindrance at the central core of the molecule and small singlet–triplet energy gap. The molecular engineering of the deep blue TADF emitters enabled the fabrication of the deep blue TADF device with a full width at half-maximum of only 48 nm and a quantum efficiency of 14.0%. The full width at half-maximum of the deep blue TADF device was similar to that of conventional fluorescent devices, while the quantum efficiency was more than tripled.
Passive knee exoskeletons in functional tasks: Biomechanical effects of a SpringExo coil-spring on squats (2021)

Passive wearable exoskeletons are desirable as they can provide assistance during user movements while still maintaining a simple and low-profile design. These can be useful in industrial tasks where an ergonomic device could aid in load lifting without inconveniencing them and reducing fatigue and stress in the lower limbs. The <i>SpringExo</i> is a coil-spring design that aids in knee extension. In this paper, we describe the muscle activation of the knee flexors and extensors from seven healthy participants during repeated squats. The outcome measures are the timings of the key events during squat, flexion angle, muscle activation of rectus femoris and bicep femoris, and foot pressure characteristics of the participants. These outcome measures assess the possible effects of the device during lifting operations where reduced effort in the muscles is desired during ascent phase of the squat, without changing the knee and foot kinematics. The results show that the <i>SpringExo</i> significantly decreased rectus femoris activation during ascent (-2%) without significantly affecting either the bicep femoris or rectus femoris muscle activations in descent. This implies that the user could perform a descent without added effort and ascent with reduced effort. The exoskeleton showed other effects on the biomechanics of the user, increasing average squat time (+0.02 s) and maximum squat time (+0.1 s), and decreasing average knee flexion angle (-4°). The exoskeleton has no effect on foot loading or placement, that is, the user did not have to revise their stance while using the device.
MR Visualization of Aortic Valve Vegetations (1996)

MR evaluation in patients with infective endocarditis is useful in clarifying echocardiographic findings and establishing the diagnosis in previously undiagnosed patients.
Wideband Microstrip Bandpass Filter Based on EBG Concept (2007)

A periodically loaded ultra wideband (UWB) bandpass filter based on the electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) concept is presented. Compact wideband filters with steep transition bands can be designed easily using this novel methodology. Unit cells in the EBG circuit model are realized by capacitive and inductive parallel loading of a transmission line. These unit cells are cascaded to realize bandpass filters whose bandwidth depends on the reactive loading of unit cells. The number of unit cells determines the steepness of the band edges of the filter. The main advantage lies in the fact that the size of unit cells can be small because electrical length of transmission line segments in unit cells can be chosen arbitrarily, hence the final filter structure becomes small in size. A microstrip filter with 60% bandwidth is designed and the physical size is compared with a conventional wideband bandpass filter designed with quarter wavelength admittance inverters.
Reference Tracking With Guaranteed Error Bound for Constrained Linear Systems (2015)

We propose a control design for a constrained linear system to track reference signals within a given bounded error. The admissible reference signals are generated as output trajectories of a reference generator, which is a constrained linear system driven by unknown bounded inputs. The controller has to track the reference signals and to never violate a given tracking error bound, while satisfying state and input constraints, for any admissible reference. The design is based on a model predictive controller (MPC) enforcing a polyhedral robust control invariant set defined by the system and reference generator models and constraints. We describe an algorithm to compute the robust control invariant set and how to design the tracking MPC law that guarantees satisfaction of the tracking error bound and of the system constraints, and achieves persistent feasibility. We demonstrate the proposed method in two case studies.
Loss of HIF-1α in natural killer cells inhibits tumour growth by stimulating non-productive angiogenesis (2017)

Productive angiogenesis, a prerequisite for tumour growth, depends on the balanced release of angiogenic and angiostatic factors by different cell types within hypoxic tumours. Natural killer (NK) cells kill cancer cells and infiltrate hypoxic tumour areas. Cellular adaptation to low oxygen is mediated by Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). We found that deletion of HIF-1α in NK cells inhibited tumour growth despite impaired tumour cell killing. Tumours developing in these conditions were characterised by a high-density network of immature vessels, severe haemorrhage, increased hypoxia, and facilitated metastasis due to non-productive angiogenesis. Loss of HIF-1α in NK cells increased the bioavailability of the major angiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by decreasing the infiltration of NK cells that express angiostatic soluble VEGFR-1. In summary, this identifies the hypoxic response in NK cells as an inhibitor of VEGF-driven angiogenesis, yet, this promotes tumour growth by allowing the formation of functionally improved vessels.
Examination of factors to improve the elongation and output of dielectric elastomers (2022)

Most of the current market demand is for EAP (Electro Active Polymers) power suits, EAP motors, EAP muscles for robots, and systems that drive them in reverse to generate electricity efficiently. We believe that Dielectric Elastomer (DE) transducers are the most suitable for those purposes. To meet these demands, the elasticity of the elastomer is extremely important. We conducted SS (strain stress) curves and viscoelasticity tests on several DE materials (including HNBR: Hydrogenated nitrile rubber) to examine DE’s elongations and their relationships. We discuss important factors (such as cross-linking agents and double bond cleavage) in this paper, based on the research results. In addition, recent attempts have been made to use new carbon foam materials such as single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-wall nanotubes (MWCNTs) as electrodes for DEs. These electrodes could bring a higher performance for DEs. Those possibilities are also discussed in the paper.
Sequence variation in the gene for the immunogenic capsid protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A. (1985)

The nucleotide sequences have been determined and compared from cloned cDNA genes coding for the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) immunogenic capsid protein, VP1, from eight different A subtypes: A5 Westerwald/58, A12 119ab (large plaque variant), A22 550 USSR/65, A24 Cruzeiro Brazil/55, A27 Cundinamarca Colombia/76, A32 Venezuela/70, A Venceslau Brazil/76, and A Argentina/79. We have also found sequence variations among different cDNA clones of the A5 and A24 subtypes. There are regions of nucleotide sequence within the VP1 gene that vary considerably among the subtypes as well as other regions that remain relatively constant. One highly variable region (codons 130-171) encodes amino acids previously identified as being exposed on the virus surface and constituting an important immunogenic site of the virus. There potentially exist secondary structures within the viral RNA sequences that code for this immunogenic site that could decrease the fidelity of replication at this sequence. The rapid generation of FMDV variants encouraged by such structures in the RNA could work together with various selective pressures to explain the observed accumulation of immunologically distinct viruses of the FMDV A type.
What drives EDA innovaiton? (panel session) (2001)

If EDA technology innovation drives return on investment, what drives innovation? Is it tied to the semiconductor retooling cycle? To productivity requirements? To Moores Law? Or is there something more fundamental that we are missing? What driving forces could result in a $30 billion EDA industry, and what role will innovation play? Will the industry provide the needed breakthroughs for their customers, or seek instead the lowest common denominator user? Will designers “roll their own” tools or seek common solutions? How does EDA innovation track with the semiconductor business cycle? Does a slowdown accelerate or depress creation of new tools and new designs? Panelists will discuss the forces at work in the EDA industry of tomorrow.
On the mechanism of oleate transport across human brain microvessel endothelial cells (2009)

The blood-brain barrier formed by the brain capillary endothelial cells provides a protective barrier between the systemic blood and the extracellular environment of the CNS. As most fatty acids in the brain enter from the blood, we examined the mechanism of oleate (C18:1) transport across primary human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMEC). The permeability of [1-14C]oleate was determined using confluent cells grown on Transwell inserts in both the absence or presence of bovine serum albumin in the basolateral media, and following inhibition of various fatty acid transporters. The passage of [1-14C]oleate across confluent HBMEC monolayers was significantly enhanced when fatty acid free albumin was present in the basolateral media. The presence of the non-specific fatty acid uptake inhibitor phloretin significantly decreased [1-14C]oleate uptake by HBMEC and the subsequent release of [1-14C]oleate into the basolateral medium. Knockdown of fatty acid transport protein-1 or fatty acid translocase/CD36 significantly decreased [1-14C]oleate transport across the HBMEC monolayer from either apical as well as basolateral sides. The findings indicate that a fatty acid acceptor is a requirement for oleate transport across HBMEC monolayers. In addition, transport of oleate across HBMEC is, in part, a transcellular process mediated by fatty acid transport proteins.
Nucleotide Sequence and Genomic Structure of Duck Acyl-CoA Binding Protein/Diazepam-Binding Inhibitor: Co-Localization with S -Acyl Fatty Acid Synthase Thioesterase (1994)

A computer-aided homology search of the GenBank nucleotide database using the amino acid sequence of human acyl CoA-binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI)-endozepine as a probe revealed that a genomic fragment containing the gene encoding the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase also contains sequences which encode the duck homolog of ACBP/DBI. The duck ACBP/DBI gene is positioned downstream of the thioesterase gene in a tail-to-tail orientation separated from the 3' end of the thioesterase gene by only several hundred nucleotides. Three exons were identified that have strong homology to the published cDNA sequences of human and bovine ACBP/DBI. These exons define all of the coding region except for the amino-terminal domain, which was subsequently cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The encoded amino acid sequence of the duck ACBP/DBI is 62-68% homologous to mammalian ACBP/DBI sequences. While the mammalian ACBP/DBI is expressed mainly in the liver, with smaller amounts in the brain and heart, mRNA transcripts of duck ACBP/DBI were detected only in the brain with no evidence for expression in the liver or heart. The close proximity of the genes for ACBP/DBI and S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase raises the possibility of co-regulation of expression.
Modeling Particulates Effects on the Cathode Current Capacity in Crevice Corrosion (2008)

The presence of particulates within thin electrolyte films covering the cathode in corroding systems affects the cathodic current distribution and the total current capacity. These effects are due to increased solution resistance ("volume effect") and decreased available electrode area ("surface effect") associated with the presence of the particulates. This work simulates and characterizes the effect of uniform particulate layers embedded within thin electrolyte films on the cathodic current capacity under steady-state conditions. Particulate configurations consisting of varying particle sizes, shapes, arrangements, volume fraction, and electrode coverage were numerically modeled. It is concluded that the effects associated with the particles can be fully accounted for in terms of two corrections: the decrease in the electrolyte conductivity due to volume blockage by the particles is correlated using Bruggeman's equation, while the electrode surface coverage by the particles is modeled in terms of an area correction to the electrode kinetics. For the range of parameters analyzed, applying these two corrections enables the modeling of particle-containing thin electrolyte films covering the cathode in terms of equivalent homogenous electrolytes with modified properties. The latter can then be analyzed using simpler approaches. Particulate effects on cathode capacity at saturation and saturation length are also quantified.
Thrombospondin promotes both chemotaxis and haptotaxis in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells (1993)

Differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 to polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-like cells with DMSO provides an important model for studying the acquisition of PMN functional responses that accompany differentiation. We showed previously that the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein thrombospondin (TSP) binds to PMN surface receptors and promotes adhesion and motility. Undifferentiated HL-60 cells did not adhere and were not motile in response to TSP, whereas cells differentiated toward PMN-like cells demonstrated both TSP-mediated adhesion and chemotaxis, with chemotaxis evident by day 2 of induction. With differentiation, a maximal response was obtained with 100 to 300 nM TSP, 10-fold lower than required for maximal PMN chemotaxis. Checkerboard analysis confirmed the directional nature of motility. mAb recognizing different domains of TSP inhibited chemotaxis, suggesting the involvement of multiple sites on TSP. Although both the NH2-terminal heparin-binding domain (HBD) and 140 kDa COOH-terminal fragment supported chemotaxis in PMN-like cells, neither fragment was as potent as intact TSP. Both pertussis and cholera toxin inhibited TSP-mediated chemotaxis, suggesting the involvement of GTP-binding proteins. The toxin effects did not indirectly result from elevated cAMP levels because high concentrations of either 8-bromo-cAMP or dibutyryl cAMP did not inhibit chemotaxis. TSP bound to nitrocellulose filters induced the directed migration (haptotaxis) of PMN-like cells rather than the random motility observed with PMN. Haptotaxis was stimulated by either the HBD or 140-kDa fragment and was inhibited by mAb against these two domains. Haptotaxis rather than random migration was confirmed by checkerboard analysis. Our results demonstrate that PMN-like HL-60 cells respond differently to TSP than human peripheral blood PMN. These differences may reflect 1) an aberration in HL-60 differentiation reflecting their leukemic phenotype 2) differentiation of HL-60 cells to a cell type characteristic of "activated" PMN.
Bloch oscillations in a parity-time synthetic dissipative silicon photonic lattice (2015)

As an important transportation phenomenon, Bloch oscillations have been studied extensively in Hermitian systems. Here by exploiting the concept of parity-time symmetry, we experimentally realize for the first time Bloch oscillations in a non-Hermitian silicon photonic lattice and show that such system contains intriguing physics.
A novel series of conferences tackling the hurdles confronting the translation of novel cancer immunotherapies (2012)

While there has been significant progress in advancing novel immune therapies to the bedside, much more needs to be done to fully tap into the potential of the immune system. It has become increasingly clear that besides practical and operational challenges, the heterogeneity of cancer and the limited efficacy profile of current immunotherapy platforms are the two main hurdles. Nevertheless, the promising clinical data of several approaches point to a roadmap that carries the promise to significantly advance cancer immunotherapy. A new annual series sponsored by Arrowhead Publishers and Conferences aims at bringing together scientific and business leadership from academia and industry, to identify, share and discuss most current priorities in research and translation of novel immune interventions. This Editorial provides highlights of the first event held earlier this year and outlines the focus of the second meeting to be held in 2013 that will be dedicated to stem cells and immunotherapy.