gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
189-03: Mapping of Conventional Anatomical Macrorentrant Tachycardia in Patients with Prior Ablations Guided by Rhythmia Mapping System (2016)

Introduction: Anatomical macroreentrant atrial tachycardias (MATs) are conventionally reported to depend on cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI), mitral isthmus (MI), and left atrial roof, and often occurred after catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation. However, the precise assessment of these conventional anatomical MATs in patients with prior ablations has not been fully reported. Currently, the Rhythmia mapping system with a high-density basket catheter has become available. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of these conventional anatomical MATs guided by this system. Methods and Results: Among consecutive 64 mappable atrial tachycardias in 48 patients (mena 61 + /-9 yrs, 8 females, 38 post-AF ablation) guided by the Rhythmia system, 35 ATs were diagnosed as conventional anatomical MATs; 9 roof dependent MAT, 7 CTI dependent MAT, 19 perimitral MAT. Each map is created in 13.3 ± 6.9 minutes with 13,016 ± 6325 EGMs. The critical site of the tachycardia was coincident with the anatomical isthmus in CTI dependent AT and roof-dependent AT. However, in 7 (36.8%) perimitral ATs, optimal critical isthmus of the circuit was different from the anatomical MI, but located at the other lesion associated with the previous ablation scars. These critical sites were significantly shorter than the anatomical MI (14.9 ± 6.0 mm vs. 32.9 ± 8.0 mm, P =0.005). Conclusions: In conventional anatomical MATs in patients with prior ablations, anatomical isthmus should be the target in CTI dependent AT and roof dependent AT. However, in the one-third of perimitral AT, shorter isthmus was detected around the prior ablation scars, which could be targeted for the easier ablation.
Stabilizing the Energy Harvesting of PVDF‐Fabric‐Based TENGs Exposed to Moisture and Dust Particles by O2 and CF4 Plasma Treatments (2022)

Abstract Superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fabrics comprising electrospun PVDF yarns are developed via O 2 and CF 4 plasma treatments to achieve stable triboelectric energy harvesting performance. The dynamic water droplet behavior, self‐cleaning ability, and electrical output performance of the fabrics before and after sequential treatments with O 2 plasma for 12 min and CF 4 plasma for 4 min are measured. The electrical output performance for all fabric‐based piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) is higher than that for PVDF film‐based PENGs. Furthermore, plasma treatment enhances the electrical output performance of all triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), particularly the fabric‐based TENGs. Due to the increased water repellency and self‐cleaning ability conferred by the plasma treatment, all superhydrophobic fabric‐based TENGs exhibit improved stability in electrical output performance when exposed to water or dust particles. In contrast, plasma treatment has little or no effect on the stability of the output performance of the PVDF‐film‐based TENGs. The superhydrophobic PVDF fabric with the highest water repellency and self‐cleaning efficiency exhibits the most stable triboelectric energy‐harvesting performance when exposed to water and dust particles. Because of its micro/nanoscale hierarchical roughness and open‐pore structure, the optimal plasma‐treated PVDF fabric has a reduced contact area with water droplets, rendering this fabric favorable for repelling water droplets and removing particles.
Driver Intention-based Vehicle Threat Assessment using Random Forests and Particle Filtering (2017)

One of the key technologies to safely operate self-driving vehicles is the threat assessment of other vehicles in the neighborhood of a self-driving vehicle. Threat assessment algorithms must be capable of predicting the future movement of other vehicles. Many algorithms, however, predict future trajectories based only on the model of the dynamics and the environment, which implies that they sometimes make too conservative predictions. This work reduces this conservativeness by capturing the driver intention of other vehicles using a random-forests classifier. Then, the algorithm computes possible future trajectories with a sequential Monte Carlo method, which biases the predicted trajectory by the recognized intention. Lastly, the algorithm calculates the potential threat to the ego vehicle. To evaluate the performance, we conduct numerical simulations and show that the proposed algorithm can accurately capture driver intentions and prevent motion predictions that are too conservative.
Growth of Hybrid Chiral Thin Films by Molecular Layer Deposition Zinc/Cysteine as a Case Study (2021)

Abstract Atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD and MLD) are techniques based on surface‐directed self‐limiting reactions that afford deposition of films controlled at the monolayer level and with extreme conformality, even on ultra‐high‐aspect‐ratio and porous substrates. These methodologies are typically used to deposit thin films with desirable physical properties and functionality. Here, the MLD process is harnessed to demonstrate the growth of molecularly thin chiral films that inherit a desirable chemical property directly from the source precursor: using this innovative technique, enantioselective nanosurfaces are managed to be grown. Specifically, the formation of a Zn/Cysteine nanostructure by MLD is demonstrated for both the l ‐ and d ‐ enantiomers. The reaction and growth mechanism of these chiral hybrid inorganic‐organic nanosurfaces are studied via various experimental procedures; their enantioselectivity is also demonstrated. The findings contribute to the understanding of the structure and chiral nature of hybrid inorganic‐organic nanosurfaces and open the path to the bottom‐up synthesis of diverse chiral nanosurfaces. These chiral nanostructures may play a key role in many aspects of chiral chemistry and are valuable for both fundamental science and practical applications.
MEBES IV position accuracy improvement on the 5-in. mask (1994)

As the wafer process requirements for the high grade devices are getting tighter than before, the requirements for the tighter accuracy of layer to layer among one device is dramatically increased up to the equipment specification itself that the equipment supplier propose thru their own test method. Eventhough the size of photomask is trend to the larger one as 6inch 25Omil and 7inch, still 5inch mask is the major product up to the l6mega memory device. Also, when we consider the required investment in wafer process to set up the large sized mask, the improvement of accuracy in 5inch mask is still realistic issue to the photomask manufacturer. In this paper, we evaluate the MEBES IV accuracy capability thru the acceptance test procedure of EFEC in 5inch mask and compare 5inch result with the 6inch result to clear the accuracy criteria of 5inch mask. Three major factors of position error which we suppose are identified using the factorial design of experiment. And the Ti super cassette is evaluated to clear the effect of cassette.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Cyclohexane Carbonylation Cocatalyzed by d8 Transition Metal Carbonyls and Aromatic Ketones and Aldehydes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A modular framework for stabilizing deep reinforcement learning control (2023)

We propose a framework for the design of feedback controllers that combines the optimization-driven and model-free advantages of deep reinforcement learning with the stability guarantees provided by using the Youla-Kucera parameterization to define the search domain. Recent advances in behavioral systems allow us to construct a data-driven internal model; this enables an alternative realization of the Youla-Kucera parameterization based entirely on input-output exploration data. Using a neural network to express a parameterized set of nonlinear stable operators enables seamless integration with standard deep learning libraries. We demonstrate the approach on a realistic simulation of a two-tank system.
Capillary electrophoresis-off-line-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry of proteins and peptides using cationic-coated capillaries (2004)

The combination of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) constitutes a powerful microanalytical system in the fields of biology, medicine and chemistry. This thesis describes the development of three novel capillary coatings and demonstrates how these extend the utility of CE as a high-efficiency separation technique in protein analysis and biopharmaceutical drug screening. Due to the rapidly growing interest in characterizing the human proteome, there is an increased need for rapid protein separations. The use of CE in protein analysis is, however, nontrivial due to problems with protein adsorption to the fused-silica capillary walls. In this thesis, this problem was addressed by developing two novel, physically adsorbed, cationic polymer surface coatings, denoted PolyE-323 and Q-agarose. By using simple rinsing protocols, highly reproducible coatings, stable over a wide range of pH 2-11 were generated. Successful protein separations using cationic-coated capillaries in CE-MS, equipped with either electrospray ionization (ESI) or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), has been demonstrated. In the pharmaceutical industry, favorable pharmacokinetic properties of a candidate drug, such as high bioavailability after oral administration, are crucial for a high success rate in clinical development. Tools for prediction of biopharmaceutically relevant drug properties are important in order to identify and discard poor candidate drugs as soon as possible. In this thesis, a membrane mimetic coating was developed by electrostatically immobilizing liposomes to the capillary wall, via an anchoring sublayer of Q-agarose. The liposome-coated capillaries were demonstrated in on-line CE-MS for prediction of drug membrane permeability.
Fuel Effects on HCCI Operation in a Spark Assisted Direct Injection Gasoline Engine (2011)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The fuel effects on HCCI operation in a spark assisted direct injection gasoline engine are assessed. The low load limit has been extended with a pilot fuel injection during the negative valve overlap (NVO) period. The fuel matrix consists of hydrocarbon fuels and various ethanol blends and a butanol blend, plus fuels with added ignition improvers. The hydrocarbon fuels and the butanol blend do not significantly alter the high or the low limits of operation. The HCCI operation appears to be controlled more by the thermal environment than by the fuel properties. For E85, the engine behavior depends on the extent that the heat release from the pilot injected fuel in the NVO period compensates for the evaporative cooling of the fuel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A carbazole–phenylbenzimidazole hybrid bipolar universal host for high efficiency RGB and white PhOLEDs with high chromatic stability (2011)

A novel bipolar molecule CNBzIm comprised of electron-donating carbazole and electron-accepting phenylbenzimidazole is designed, synthesized and characterized for RGB phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). CNBzIm exhibits promising properties such as high triplet energy (ET = 2.71 eV) due to disrupted π-conjugation, bipolar and balanced charge transport ability (μh ≈ μe ≈ 10−5 cm2 V−1s−1), and high morphological stability (Tg = 185 °C). PhOLEDs adopted CNBzIm as a host respectively doped with Os(bpftz)2(PPh2Me)2, (PPy)2Ir(acac) and FIrpic under the same device structure show excellent performance with external quantum efficiencies (ηext) as high as 19.1% for red, 17.8% for green, and 12.7% for blue. A two-color, all-phosphor and single-emitting-layer WOLED hosted by CNBzIm was achieved with a maximum ηext of 15.7%, current efficiency (ηc) of 35 cd A−1, and power efficiency (ηp) of 36.6 lm W−1. Utilizing a bipolar host with balanced mobilities, WOLED can effectively broaden its recombination zone and show high color stability. The Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of the WOLED remain almost constant when the brightness goes from 1700 cd m−2 (0.32, 0.41) to 49 900 cd m−2 (0.31, 0.41).
The Evolution of Microchannel Heat Transfer (1999)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;High-density electronics packaging requires new advancement in thermal management. New efforts to standardize three-dimensional electronics packages provide the opportunity to standardize thermal management systems for the first time. Microchannel cooling, a high heat flux technology, is the leading candidate for standardization of earth- and space- based electronics packages. This paper looks at the developments in microchannel cooling that make it more advantageous than other high heat flux techniques and the work that remains to achieve a standardized thermal management system.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Particle Compression and Conductivity in Li-Ion Anodes with Graphite Additives (2004)

We performed coupled theoretical/experimental studies on Li-ion cells to quantify reductions in anode resistivity and/or contact resistance between the matrix and the current collector with the addition of amorphous carbon coatings and anode compression. We also aimed to identify microstructural changes in constituent particles due to anode compression, using models of permeable-impermeable coatings of graphite particles. We studied three anode materials, SL-20, GDR-6 (6 wt % amorphous carbon coating), and GDR-14 (14 wt % amorphous carbon coating). Four compression conditions (0, 100, 200, and 300 were examined. Experimental results indicated that electrical resistivities for unpressed materials were reduced with addition of amorphous carbon coating (for unpressed materials: Contact resistances were reduced for SL-20 anodes by the application of pressure. Overall, the two-dimensional (2D) impermeable particle mathematical model provided reasonable agreement with the experiments for SL-20 and GDR-6 materials, indicating that coatings remain intact for these materials even at moderate pressures (100 and 200 Conductivities of SL-20 and GDR-6 anodes exposed to the highest pressure (300 fell short of model predictions, suggesting particle breakage. For the GDR-14 graphite, both 2D models underestimated conductivity for all processing conditions. We conclude that the 2D simulation approach is useful in determining the state of coating. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Suboptimal control for drag reduction in turbulent pipe ow (2002)

A suboptimal control law in turbulent pipe ow is derived and tested. Two sensing variables @p=@� |w and @v� =@r|w are applied with two actuations � � andr. To test the suboptimal control law, direct numerical simulations of turbulent pipe ow at Re� = 150 are performed. When the control law is applied, a 13-23% drag reduction is achieved. The most e3ective drag reduction is made at the pair of @v� =@r|w andr .A n impenetrable virtual wall is observed by the controlled wall suction and blowing. The virtual wall concept is useful for analyzing the near-wall behavior of the controlled ow. Comparison of the present suboptimal control with that of turbulent channel ow reveals that the curvature e3ect is insigni5cant. c
The Effects of Atmospheric Modeling Covariance on Ground-Based Hyperspectral Measurements of Surface Reflectance (2021)

This paper presents a novel framework for estimating the covariance and uncertainties of atmospheric parameters and the reflectance spectra of urban surfaces in high-resolution ground-based hyperspectral images. By integrating open source software for atmospheric modeling and statistical sampling, we demonstrate the use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to quantify the full posterior distributions in a joint fit of both molecular concentrations for atmospheric attenuation and parameterized surface reflectance to spectroscopic observations of an urban scene. We present a use case at visible and near-infrared wavelengths (0.4-1.0 micron) in ~850 spectral channels where the uncertainty in atmospherically corrected surface reflectance of vegetation in the scene is acquired by propagating the uncertainties obtained from modeling the reflectance of a nearby building surface.
Updates and Modeling Enhancements to the Assessment of NASA Environmentally Responsible Aviation Technologies and Vehicle Concepts (2012)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) project is conducting research at an integrated system level on promising concepts and technologies expected to mature in the N+2 time frame. It is essential for ERA to perform a systems level analysis of these concepts and technologies in order to estimate and track performance towards ERA’s goal of simultaneously achieving improvement in metrics for fuel burn reduction, noise margin, and LTO NOx emissions reduction. Previous vehicle modeling and technology assessment work conducted for the ERA project illustrated system level comparison of tube and wing versus hybrid wing body airframe configurations, as well as between ultra high bypass ratio direct drive and geared turbofan engines. Guidance drawn from these results has led to an updated list of ERA technologies of interest. Additionally, development of improved modeling capabilities and a better understanding of key technology impacts have been accordingly incorporated into an updated technology assessment. This assessment evaluates changes to the technology portfolio, incorporates updated technology assumptions, augmented vehicle and technology models, and includes for the first time LTO NOx estimates for advanced combustors. These new set of results allow for an understanding of the interdependencies between each of the ERA metrics and provide an update on ERA’s capability of achieving its goals.
Control and tunability of magnetic bubble states in multilayers with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at ambient conditions (2022)

The reversal of magnetic bubble helicity through topologically trivial transient states provides an additional degree of freedom that promises the development of multidimensional magnetic memories. A key requirement for this concept is the stabilization of bubble states at ambient conditions on application-compatible substrates. In the present work, we demonstrate a stabilization routine for remanent bubble states in high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy ${\text{[Co(0.44 nm)/Pt(0.7 nm)]}}_{X},$ $X=48$, 100, and 150 multilayers on $\mathrm{Si}/{\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ substrates by exploring the effect of external magnetic fields $({H}_{\mathrm{m}})$ of different strength and angles $(\ensuremath{\theta})$ with respect to the film surface normal. By systematic variation of these two parameters, we demonstrate that remanent bubble density and mean bubble diameter can be carefully tuned and optimized for each sample. Our protocol based on magnetometry only reveals the densest remanent bubble states at ${H}_{\mathrm{m}}=0.87{H}_{\mathrm{s}}$ (${H}_{\mathrm{s}}$ is the magnetic saturation field) and $\ensuremath{\theta}={60}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$--${75}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ for all $X$ with a maximum of 3700 domains/100 $\ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ for the $X=48$ sample. The experimental observations are supported by micromagnetic simulations, taking into account the nanoscale lateral grain structure of multilayers synthesized by magnetron sputter deposition, and thus helping to understand the different densities of the bubble states found in these systems.
Comparative Strength Analysis of Aluminum Drill Pipes With Steel Connectors Assembled by Different Methods (2011)

Aluminum alloys continue to be among the promising materials for manufacture of drill pipes and risers for deepwater and ultra-deepwater environment. Steel tool-joints attached to aluminum alloy pipes increase the number of make-ups and break-outs. Currently, aluminum drill pipes (ADP) are assembled by “cold” or “hot” methods. By the first method, the pin and box are screwed on the pipe with a “sufficiently” high specified make-up torque. By the second method, the pin and box of the tool joint are heated and screwed on the ends of the pipe without effort. After cooling, the shrinkage of the tool joint units creates a reliable permanent threaded “pipe – tool joint” connection. The first method is easier than the second one; however the comparative strength of these ADP connections has not been enough clear. The paper presents the results of comparative strength analysis of both types of connection after assembly at applying tensile load and alternating bending load. The theoretical aspect of the study includes a detailed FEA of “hot” and “cold” assembly connections at applying tensile load and alternating bending load with SCF evaluation. The experimental data are presented as the results of tensile testing of small-scale specimens, removed from different aluminum pipe sections that were heated during “hot” assembly. Finally, full-scale specimens of both types of connections were tested for tensile capacity and fatigue. The comparative strength of both types of connections is concluded.
Necrotising pancreatitis of the pancreatic remnant (NECROREMNANTITIS): A new definition of severe pancreatitis after pancreatectomy (2019)

Recent studies suggested acute postoperative pancreatitis as a separate pancreatic-specific complication following pancreatic resection. However, data on necrotising pancreatitis of the remnant is still limited. We defined NECROREMNATITIS as new terminology and aimed to evaluate parameters of patients undergoing either completion pancreatectomy (CP) or elective total pancreatectomy (TP).
Studies on the Flavonoid of Kumis-kuching (Orthosiphon stamineus BENTH.) (1973)

Eupatrin, sinensetin, and 3'-hydroxy-5, 6, 7, 4'-tetramethoxyflavone were isolated from Kumis-kuching (Orthosiphon stamineus BENTH.). These compounds were identified with the respective flavones synthesized from 2-hydroxy-4, 5, 6-trimethoxyacetophenone.
The effect of viscous dissipation on natural convection in a square cavity (2019)

This article studies the natural convection of a viscous, incompressible fluid in a square cavity in a gravitational field. The temperature of vertical walls is constant. The temperature of the left wall is higher than temperature of the right wall; the horizontal walls are considered thermally insulated. The initial condition for the temperature of a fluid in a square caviry is the constant and equals the temperature of the right wall. The initial condition for the velocity is zero. We consider only those cases where the obtained flow in the cavity is laminar. All thermophysical characteristics are assumed constant, except for one when the motion equation accounts for the gravity. Mathematical model is the Boussinesq approximation but the equation of conservation of energy contains Rayleigh dissipation function.&lt;br&gt; In this article, the authors have researched the effect of viscous dissipation on natural convection heat transfer in square field. The results show that viscous dissipation significantly affects the heat transfer through the cavity. This problem was solved with the finite volume method by algorithm SIMPLER for Pr=1, Gr=10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, and 10&lt;sup&gt;−5&lt;/sup&gt;≤Ec≤10&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt;.