gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanodrug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer (2020)

Despite advances achieved in medicine, chemotherapeutics still has detrimental side effects with ovarian cancer (OC), accounting for numerous deaths among females. The provision of safe, early detection and active treatment of OC remains a challenge, in spite of improvements in new antineoplastic discovery. Nanosystems have shown remarkable progress with impact in diagnosis and chemotherapy of various cancers, due to their ideal size; improved drug encapsulation within its interior core; potential to minimize drug degradation; improve in vivo drug release kinetics; and prolong blood circulation times. However, nanodrug delivery systems have few limitations regarding its accuracy of tumour targeting and the ability to provide sustained drug release. Hence, a cogent and strategic approach has focused on nanosystem functionalization with antibody-based ligands to selectively enhance cellular uptake of antineoplastics. Antibody functionalized nanosystems are (advanced) synthetic candidates, with a broad range of efficiency in specific tumour targeting, whilst leaving normal cells unaffected. This article comprehensively reviews the present status of nanosystems, with particular emphasis on nanomicelles for molecular diagnosis and treatment of OC. In addition, biomarkers of nanosystems provide important prospects as chemotherapeutic strategies to upsurge the survival rate of patients with OC.
Class of cyclic ribosomal peptide synthetic genes in filamentous fungi (2015)

Ustiloxins were found recently to be the first example of cyclic peptidyl secondary metabolites that are ribosomally synthesized in filamentous fungi. In this work, two function-unknown genes (ustYa/ustYb) in the gene cluster for ustiloxins from Aspergillus flavus were found experimentally to be involved in cyclization of the peptide. Their homologous genes are observed mainly in filamentous fungi and mushrooms. They have two "HXXHC" motifs that might form active sites. Computational genome analyses showed that these genes are frequently located near candidate genes for ribosomal peptide precursors, which have signal peptides at the N-termini and repeated sequences with core peptides for the cyclic portions, in the genomes of filamentous fungi, particularly Aspergilli, as observed in the ustiloxin gene cluster. Based on the combination of the ustYa/ustYb homologous genes and the nearby ribosomal peptide precursor candidate genes, 94 ribosomal peptide precursor candidates that were identified computationally from Aspergilli genome sequences were classified into more than 40 types including a wide variety of core peptide sequences. A set of the predicted ribosomal peptide biosynthetic genes was experimentally verified to synthesize a new cyclic peptide compound, designated as asperipin-2a, which comprises the amino acid sequence in the corresponding precursor gene, distinct from the ustiloxin precursors.
IL-4 and IL-13: Their Pathological Roles in Allergic Diseases and their Potential in Developing New Therapies-Update (2005)

Bronchial asthma is a complex disease in which a lot of cells and mediators are involved. However, a substantial body of evidence has accumulated pointing to the pivotal role of Th2-cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13, based on expression of these cytokines in the bronchial lesions, genetic association of the signaling molecules of these cytokines, and analyses of mouse models. We previously reviewed the signal transduction of these cytokines, the correlation of these cytokines with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, and trials to develop reagents targeting these cytokines. Since we published that article, several progresses have been made in this field, so in this article, we summarize the recent topics as for the issues that we picked up before. Keywords: il, il-13, il-4 receptor, il-13 receptor, allergic disease, bronchial asthma, soluble il-4 receptor, soluble il-13 receptor
<title>Isochronous LAN-based full-motion video and image server-client system with constant distortion-adaptive DCT coding</title> (1993)

A distributed real-time video playback application is presented using an isochronous Ethernet to interconnect video clients to dedicated video servers. Special displaying functions such as seeking, pausing, stepping, and regular/fast playing forward and backward are supported, which are all emulated in the server through control messages received from the clients. The video compression scheme is DCT-based and entropy-coded with adaptivity to the local statistical properties. The important property of the coding system is the constant quality of the decoded frames and is reached by minimizing the average bitrate subject to a constraint on an estimate of the quantization error. This coding scheme also gives rise to a higher PSNR performance as compared with JPEG.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Chromatographic Separation of the Stereoisomers of Furnidipine. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structure, Spectroscopy, and Electrochemistry of Manganese(I) and Rhenium(I) Quinoline Oximes (2018)

Reactions of α- and β-diimine quinoline aldoximes with Mn(I) and Re(I) tricarbonyl halides afford quinoline oxime complexes. Both Mn(I) and Re(I) complexes experience severe geometric strain due to ligand steric interactions: 6-membered metallocycles exhibit more pronounced distortions than 5-membered ones, consistent with density functional theory structural analyses. Such distortions likely also affect reactivity patterns, as evidenced by Re(I)-induced deoximation of a quinoline variant containing a CF<sub>3</sub>-ketoxime.
Hardware Demonstration of Precoded Communications in Multi-beam UHTS Systems (2018)

In this paper, we present a hardware test-bed to demonstrate closed-loop precoded communications for interference mitigation in the forward link of the multi-beam ultra-high throughput satellite systems. The hardware demonstrator is a full-chain closed-loop communication system with a multi-beam DVB-S2X compliant gateway, a satellite payload and MIMO channel emulator and a set of DVB-S2X user terminals with real-time CSI estimation and feedback. We experimentally show the feasibility of Precoding implementation in satellite communications based on the superframe structure DVB-S2X standard. Using the test-bed we have a possibility to run real-time precoded DVB-S2X communication and benchmark its performance under realistic environment. The hardware demonstrator is suitable to perform realistic benchmarks of Block- and Symbol-level Precoding techniques for multicast and unicast user scheduling scenarios.
Small Subunit rDNA-Based Phylogeny of the Tylenchida Sheds Light on Relationships Among Some High-Impact Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Evolution of Plant Feeding (2009)

Cyst (Heteroderidae), root knot (Meloidogyne spp.), and lesion (Pratylenchus spp.) nematodes all belong to a single nematode order, Tylenchida. However, the relationships between and within these economically highly relevant groups, and their relatedness to other parasitic Tylenchida is unclear. We constructed a phylogeny of 116 Tylenchida taxa based on full length small subunit ribosomal DNA (small subunit [SSU] rDNA) sequences. Ancestral state reconstruction points at a gradual development of simple to more complex forms of plant parasitism. Good resolution was observed in distal clades that include cyst, root knot, and lesion nematodes, and monophyly of most families was confirmed. Our data suggest that root knot nematodes have evolved from an ancestral member of the genus Pratylenchus, but it remains unclear which species is closest to this branching point. Contrary to the notoriously polyphagous distal representatives, basal members of the genus Meloidogyne (and probably, their common ancestor) have narrow host ranges. Our analysis also shows that mitotic parthenogeny has arisen at least two times independently among root knot nematodes. In many cases resolution till species was observed, suggesting that SSU rDNA sequences have a potential for DNA barcode-based species identification with, due to the overall conserved nature of this gene, limited intra-species variation.
Additional file 8: of Adipocytes promote breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy, a process amplified by obesity: role of the major vault protein (MVP) (2019)

Figure S6. Hematoxylin/eosin staining of the tumor used to represent major vault protein (MVP) expression (Fig. 5e). (PDF 670 kb)
A fast and flexible method for the segmentation of aCGH data (2008)

Implementation is available under software tab at: http://www.ee.technion.ac.il/Sites/People/YoninaEldar/.
Efficacy of a Chinese Herbal Proprietary Medicine (Hemp Seed Pill) for Functional Constipation (2010)

HSP (7.5 g b.i.d.) is safe and effective for alleviating FC for subjects in excessive syndrome. Optimal dose determination may be crucial for all CHM studies.
Learning from learning algorithms: Application to attosecond dynamics of high-harmonic generation (2004)

Using experiment and modeling, we show that the data set generated when a learning algorithm is used to optimize a quantum system can help to uncover the physics behind the process being optimized. In particular, by optimizing the process of high-harmonic generation using shaped light pulses, we generate a large data set and analyze its statistical behavior. This behavior is then compared with theoretical predictions, verifying our understanding of the attosecond dynamics of high-harmonic generation and uncovering an anomalous region of parameter space.
A Short History of Polymer Science (1981)

The existence of large molecules with linear molecular weights of hundreds, thousands, and even millions is today a recognized fact. For today billions of dollars of technology and an army of scientists, technicians, and engineers (more than 60,000 in the United States alone) work with materials which often share only the common title, polymer. These workers and their predecessors have produced countless variations of polymers, each with properties designed to satisfy certain criterion. Research in the field of polymer research is so active that more than 60,000 pages of findings are published annually in several dozen journals. The common chemical property, high molecular weight through repeating covalent bonds, is the single most important property of these materials. It is this feature which accounts for the characteristic physical properties which set polymers apart from other forms of matter. Useful physical properties such as high viscosity, long range elasticity, and high strength
Comprehensive Gas-Phase Peptide Ion Structure Studies Using Ion Mobility Techniques: Part 2. Gas-Phase Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange for Ion Population Estimation (2017)

Gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) using D<sub>2</sub>O reagent and collision cross-section (CCS) measurements are utilized to monitor the ion conformers of the model peptide acetyl-PAAAAKAAAAKAAAAKAAAAK. The measurements are carried out on a home-built ion mobility instrument coupled to a linear ion trap mass spectrometer containing electron transfer dissociation (ETD) capabilities. ETD is utilized to obtain per-residue deuterium uptake data for select ion conformers, and a new algorithm is presented for interpreting the HDX data. Using molecular dynamics (MD) production data and a hydrogen accessibility scoring (HAS)-number of effective collisions (NEC) model, hypothetical HDX behavior is attributed to various in-silico candidate (CCS match) structures. The HAS-NEC model is applied to all candidate structures, and non-negative linear regression is employed to determine structure contributions resulting in the best match to deuterium uptake. The accuracy of the HAS-NEC model is tested with the comparison of predicted and experimental isotopic envelopes for several of the observed c-ions. It is proposed that gas-phase HDX can be utilized effectively as a second criterion (after CCS matching) for filtering suitable MD candidate structures. In this study, the second step of structure elucidation, 13 nominal structures were selected (from a pool of 300 candidate structures) and each with a population contribution proposed for these ions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Entropy-driven segregation of polymer-grafted nanoparticles under confinement (2017)

The modification of nanoparticles with polymer ligands has emerged as a versatile approach to control the interactions and organization of nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposite materials. Besides their technological significance, polymer-grafted nanoparticle (PGNP) dispersions have attracted interest as model systems to understand the role of entropy as a driving force for microstructure formation. For instance, densely and sparsely grafted nanoparticles show distinct dispersion and assembly behaviors within polymer matrices due to the entropy variation associated with conformational changes in brush and matrix chains. Here we demonstrate how this entropy change can be harnessed to drive PGNPs into spatially organized domain structures on submicrometer scale within topographically patterned thin films. This selective segregation of PGNPs is induced by the conformational entropy penalty arising from local perturbations of grafted and matrix chains under confinement. The efficiency of this particle segregation process within patterned mesa-trench films can be tuned by changing the relative entropic confinement effects on grafted and matrix chains. The versatility of topographic patterning, combined with the compatibility with a wide range of nanoparticle and polymeric materials, renders SCPINS (soft-confinement pattern-induced nanoparticle segregation) an attractive method for fabricating nanostructured hybrid films with potential applications in nanomaterial-based technologies.
Incorporation of active ions into calcium phosphate coatings, their release behavior and mechanism (2012)

The dissolution and release of active ions from ion-doped apatites is currently gaining interest due to indications of a beneficial biologic response. The release of ions from apatite coatings is important because it influences the biological effect of these types of materials. In this study the ion release from three different ion-doped apatite coatings (iHA coatings), SrCaP, SiHA and FHA, has been studied. The coatings were prepared by a mineralization method based on immersion in modified PBS solutions containing additions of Sr, Si or F. The kinetics of ion release from the iHA coatings were studied in two different media with and without calcium and phosphate ions (phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS) and Tris-HCl). The amount of cumulative release of Sr, Si and F ions from the iHA coatings was SrCaP>SiHA>FHA in Tris-HCl, which could be also be related to the solubility for these iHA coatings. According to analysis using the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, the release of ions from the coatings was in most cases controlled by a combination of Fickian diffusion and dissolution of the coatings. The morphologies of the iHA coatings were not markedly changed after immersion in Tris-HCl. In the phosphate buffer solution, there was a concurrent redeposition of new apatite crystals on the surface of all of the iHA coatings, which means there were both a dissolution and a remineralization process acting, ultimately controlling the ion release rate.
A Versatile Coordinating Ligand for Coating Semiconductor, Metal, and Metal Oxide Nanocrystals (2018)

We detail the design of a new set of multicoordinating polymer ligands based on the phosphonate anchoring motif and apply them for the surface coating of luminescent quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles alike. The ligand is synthesized via a nucleophilic addition reaction between poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) and amine-modified phosphonate derivatives and short polyethylene glycol hydrophilic blocks, which allows the flexibility to tune the architecture and stoichiometry of the final compound. We find that these phosphonate-based polymers exhibit a strong coordinating affinity for ZnS-overcoated quantum dots (QDs), Au nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles, yielding nanocrystal dispersions that exhibit good colloidal stability for all three systems. The affinity of these ligands is also preserved when additional coordinating groups are introduced, such as imidazoles. Furthermore, the resulting polymer-coated nanocrystals are easily functionalized with reactive groups, introduced along the polymer chain during synthesis. The polymer coating is compact enough to allow implementation of resonance energy transfer coupling of luminescent QDs to proximal dyes. The affinity between the ligands and gold nanoparticle surfaces was compared to that of thiol groups using NaCN digestion tests.
Disruption of the GH Receptor Gene in Adult Mice Increases Maximal Lifespan in Females (2016)

GH and IGF-1 are important for a variety of physiological processes including growth, development, and aging. Mice with reduced levels of GH and IGF-1 have been shown to live longer than wild-type controls. Our laboratory has previously found that mice with a GH receptor gene knockout (GHRKO) from conception exhibit low rates of cancer, resistance to diet-induced diabetes, and extension of lifespan. The GHRKO mouse as well as other mouse lines with reduced GH action display low IGF-1 levels, smaller body size, increased adiposity, and increased longevity. To date, nearly all of these mouse strains carry germline mutations. Importantly, the effect of a long-term suppression of the GH/IGF-1 axis during adulthood, as would be considered for human therapeutic purposes, has not been tested. The goal of this study was to determine whether temporally controlled Ghr gene deletion in adult mice would affect metabolism and longevity. Thus, we produced adult-onset GHRKO (aGHRKO) mice by disrupting the Ghr gene at 6 weeks of age. We found that aGHRKO mice replicate many of the beneficial effects observed in long-lived GHRKO mice. For example, aGHRKO mice, like GHRKO animals, displayed retarded growth and high adiposity with improved insulin sensitivity. Importantly, female aGHRKO animals showed an increase in their maximal lifespan, whereas the lifespan of male aGHRKO mice was not different from controls.
Tester-Driven Dynamic Laser Stimulation for Hard Functional Failure (2010)

Abstract Dynamic Laser Stimulation (DLS) fault isolation techniques involve using an Automated Test Equipment (ATE) to run the device under certain test patterns together and a scanning laser beam to localize sites sensitive to laser stimulation. Such techniques are proven effective for localizing soft failures. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of using such dynamic techniques for functional hard failures and design debug applications. We illustrate experimentally the significance of achieving sufficient signal to noise ratio (SNR) before such applications can be realized effectively, due to the large irregular noise that couples through as the functional pattern is run. We adopted a combination of hardware noise reduction and test program modification to overcome this challenge.
Acute Bouts of Assisted Cycling Improves Cognitive and Upper Extremity Movement Functions in Adolescents With Down Syndrome (2014)

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of 2 modes of exercise on cognitive and upper extremity movement functioning in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). Nine participants randomly completed 3 interventions over 3 consecutive weeks. The interventions were: (a) voluntary cycling (VC), in which participants cycled at their self-selected pedaling rate; (b) assisted cycling (AC), in which the participants' voluntary pedaling rates were augmented with a motor to ensure the maintenance of 80 rpm; and (c) no cycling (NC), in which the participants sat and listened to music. Manual dexterity improved after AC, but not after VC or NC. Measures of cognitive function, including reaction time and cognitive planning, also improved after AC, but not after the other interventions. Future research will try to uncover the mechanisms involved in the behavioral improvements found after an acute bout of assisted cycling in adolescents with DS.
Classification of Distal Growth Plate Ossification States of the Radius Bone Using a Dedicated Ultrasound Device and Machine Learning Techniques for Bone Age Assessments (2022)

X-ray imaging, based on ionizing radiation, can be used to determine bone age by examining distal growth plate fusion in the ulna and radius bones. Legal age determination approaches based on ultrasound signals exist but are unsuitable to reliably determine bone age. We present a low-cost, mobile system that uses one-dimensional ultrasound radio frequency signals to obtain a robust binary classifier enabling the determination of bone age from data of girls and women aged 9 to 24 years. These data were acquired as part of a clinical study conducted with 148 subjects. Our system detects the presence or absence of the epiphyseal plate by moving ultrasound array transducers along the forearm, measuring reflection and transmission signals. Even though classical digital signal processing methods did not achieve a robust classifier, we achieved an F1 score of approximately 87% for binary classification of completed bone growth with machine learning approaches, such as the gradient boosting machine method CatBoost. We demonstrate that our ultrasound system can classify the fusion of the distal growth plate of the radius bone and the completion of bone growth with high accuracy. We propose a non-ionizing alternative to established X-ray imaging methods for this purpose.
Efficient electroporation of neuronal cells using synthetic oligonucleotides: identifying duplex RNA and antisense oligonucleotide activators of human frataxin expression (2019)

Oligonucleotide drugs are experiencing greater success in the clinic, encouraging the initiation of new projects. Resources are insufficient to develop every potentially important project, and persuasive experimental data using cell lines close to disease target tissue is needed to prioritize candidates. Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a devastating and currently incurable disease caused by insufficient expression of the enzyme frataxin (FXN). We have previously shown that synthetic nucleic acids can activate <i>FXN</i> expression in human patient-derived fibroblast cells. We chose to further test these compounds in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal progenitor cells (iPSC-NPCs). Here we describe methods to deliver oligonucleotides and duplex RNAs into iPSC-NPCs using electroporation. Activation of <i>FXN</i> expression is potent, easily reproducible, and potencies parallel those determined using patient-derived fibroblast cells. A duplex RNA and several antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with different combinations of 2'-methoxyethyl (2'-MOE), 2'-fluoro (2'-F), and constrained ethyl (cEt) were active, providing multiple starting points for further development and highlighting improved potency as an important goal for preclinical development. Our data support the conclusion that ASO-mediated activation of <i>FXN</i> is a feasible approach for treating FRDA and that electroporation is a robust method for introducing ASOs to modulate gene expressions in neuronal cells.
A 3.5 mW 2.5 GHz diversity receiver and a 1.2 mW 3.6 GHz VCO in silicon-on-anything (2002)

A fully-integrated voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and RF diversity receiver are fabricated in a bipolar IC technology called silicon-on-anything. With this silicon based technology it is possible to fabricate low-power transistors, as well as integrated inductors that have a quality factor of 225 at 1 GHz. The inductors in the VCO exhibit a maximum quality factor of 29 at 4 GHz, with a self-resonance frequency of 10.5 GHz.