gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Successful Transcription but not Translation or Assembly ofSolenopsis InvictaVirus 3 in a Baculovirus-Driven Expression System (2015)

Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) is an unclassified positive stranded RNA virus whose characteristics are amenable to development as a microbial insecticide or as a classical biological control agent for the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bait formulations containing SINV-3 have been produced and were used successfully to transmit the infection and cause significant mortality to fire ant colonies in the laboratory. Unfortunately, there is no available means of propagating infectious SINV-3 particles in vitro, and this has hampered its evaluation and development as a microbial insecticide. In this study, we attempted to utilize a baculovirus expression system as reported by others to produce SINV-3 infectious particles in quantity. A full-length copy of the SINV-3 genome was assembled successfully from 3 overlapping fragments, and a heterologous bacmid-SINV-3 vector (BAC_SINV-3) was produced. The insect cell line Sf21 was transfected with purified high-molecular weight BAC_SINV-3 and supported production of baculovirus expressing full-length SINV-3 transcripts. Despite successful transcription of the SINV-3 genome, evidence that translation was occurring could not be produced. Western analyses for the SINV-3 VP-2 capsid protein were consistently negative.
Continued increases in blood pressure over two decades in Samoa (1991–2013); around one-third of the increase explained by rising obesity levels (2018)

Significant increases have occurred in SBP/DBP and hypertension prevalence in both sexes in Samoa during 1991-2013, which would contribute significantly to premature mortality from cardiovascular disease. Obesity accounts for around one-third of the rising trend in blood pressure in the Samoan population. Strengthening of population control of hypertension through reduction in obesity and salt intake, and case detection and treatment through primary care, is required to reduce premature mortality from cardiovascular disease in Samoa.
Acoustic impact localization in plates: properties and stability to temperature variation (2007)

Localizing an impact generated by a simple finger knock on plate-shaped solid objects is made possible in an acoustic time reversal experiment. It is shown that the technique works with a single accelerometer. To better understand the phenomenon and to know exactly the nature of the created waves, a two-dimensional (2-D) elastic simulation is used, showing that in a very good approximation the A0 Lamb mode is the only propagating one. However, it is shown that, within one wavelength distance from the edges, evanescent waves must be taken into account. As a first consequence, the ability to distinguish two neighboring impacts improves when the plate thickness decreases and the frequency increases. As a second consequence, it is expected theoretically that temperature variations lead to a stretching or a contraction of acoustic signatures. The experimental demonstration used a heterodyne interferometer to measure the impulse responses created by a knock on a plate during the cooling. A simple algorithm is shown to perfectly compensate for temperature impacts, which demonstrates the feasibility of the technique for outdoor time reversal interactive experiments.
Computation Offloading for H.264 Video Encoder on Mobile Devices (2006)

Multimedia application is a class of applications that will be popular on mobile devices. Meantime, it is a kind of applications that has complex computation, and a resource-killer application. But resources, especially energy, are very important for mobile devices. There is the conflict between the resources limit and the computation complexity. Computation offloading is a method to deal with this problem. In this paper, we mainly focus on the usage of the computation offloading method to H.264 video encoder on mobile devices. We propose H.264 encoder modularization model and energy models. Based on the models, we also propose three offloading schemes. The simulation result of using these offloading schemes shows that the computation offloading of H.264 video encoder on mobile devices is efficient and valuable for energy saving
Aurora Kinase Inhibitors (2007)

In 1993, the first homologue of the Aurora kinase family was reported to be isolated using a genetic screen to find mutations in yeast that confer an increasein-ploidy phenotype (Ipl1) (1). Shortly thereafter, subsequent reports further characterized the function of Ipl1 to be involved in the process of chromosome segregation (2,3). A Drosophila homologue was discovered in 1995, when it was shown that mutations in a gene named aurora led to mitotic arrest in which condensed chromosomes were attached to circular monopolar mitotic spindles (4). This name was chosen due to the localization of the aurora protein to the poles of the mitotic spindle, similar to the way an aurora borealis is observed at one of the poles of the earth. Furthermore, the name polo was already used to describe a gene of related function (5), and, to keep with a similar theme, aurora was named after the northern lights. In 1997, Sen and colleagues (6) showed that a putative serine/threonine kinase encoding gene that had been previously mapped to chromosome 20q13 (7) was amplified in human breast cancer cell lines, and they named this human homologue breast tumor amplified kinase (BTAK). In that same year, Kimura et al. further characterized this human homologue by reporting its cell cycle-dependent expression and spindle pole localization in HeLa cells (8), and Bischoff and colleagues showed its amplification in human colorectal cancers and its ability to transform rodent fibroblasts (9). These key early reports catapulted the aurora family of kinases to be closely studied as important mitotic kinases, contributors to tumorigenesis, and potential therapeutic targets.
Mechanisms of PD-L1/PD-1–mediated CD8 T-cell dysfunction in the context of aging-related immune defects in the Eµ-TCL1 CLL mouse model (2015)

T-cell defects, immune suppression, and poor antitumor immune responses are hallmarks of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory signaling has emerged as a major immunosuppressive mechanism. However, the effect of different microenvironments and the confounding influence of aging are poorly understood. The current study uses the Eμ-TCL1 mouse model, which replicates human T-cell defects, as a preclinical platform to longitudinally examine patterns of T-cell dysfunction alongside developing CLL and in different microenvironments, with a focus on PD-1/PD-L1 interactions. The development of CLL was significantly associated with changes in T-cell phenotype across all organs and function. Although partly mirrored in aging wild-type mice, CLL-specific T-cell changes were identified. Murine CLL cells highly expressed PD-L1 and PD-L2 in all organs, with high PD-L1 expression in the spleen. CD3(+)CD8(+) T cells from leukemic and aging healthy mice highly expressed PD-1, identifying aging as a confounder, but adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated CLL-specific PD-1 induction. Direct comparisons of PD-1 expression and function between aging CLL mice and controls identified PD-1(+) T cells in CLL as a heterogeneous population with variable effector function. This is highly relevant for therapeutic targeting of CD8(+) T cells, showing the potential of reprogramming and selective subset expansion to restore antitumor immunity.
Processing and characterization of a polymer matrix composite using variable frequency microwave heating (1995)

Variable frequency microwave energy was successfully applied to uniformly heat thermoset polymer matrix composite (PMC) materials consisting of glass-reinforced isocyanate/epoxy mixtures as well as graphite fiber-reinforced epoxy. Results of a series of materials processed via variable frequency microwave energy are compared with computed results from numerical modeling techniques. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique provides 2-D models of the electric and thermal field distributions inside the microwave cavity as well as inside the processed materials. The materials` physical and chemical characteristics from the empirical trials are evaluated for both variable and fixed frequency irradiation.
It's not easy being green (2009)

Although domestic computer use is increasing, most efforts to reduce energy use through improved power management have focused on computers in the workplace. We studied 20 households to understand how people use power management strategies on their home computers. We saw computers in the home, particularly desktop computers, are left on much more than they are actively used suggesting opportunities for economic and energy savings. However, for most of our participants, the economic incentives were too minor to motivate them to turn off devices when not in use, especially given other frustrations such as long boot up times. We suggest research directions for home computer power management that could help users be more green without having to dramatically change their home computing habits.
Secure Data Management in Trusted Computing (2005)

Abstract. In this paper we identify shortcomings of the TCG speci-fication related to the availability of sealed data during software and hardware life cycles, i.e., software update or/and hardware migration. In our view these problems are major obstacles for large-scale use of trusted computing technologies, e.g., in e-commerce, as adopters are concerned that the use of this technology might render their data inaccessible. We propose both software and hardware solutions to resolve these prob-lems. Our proposals could be easily integrated into the TCG specification and preserve the interests of involved parties with regard to security and availability as well as privacy. 1
β-Endorphin-like immunoreactivity increases in human lumbar cerebrospinal fluid following routine metrizamide myelography (1984)

✓ Much interest has recently been focused on the possible role of the endogenous opiates in the perception of pain in humans. Several investigators have examined the levels of these substances in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in attempts to identify the mechanisms by which electrical stimulation of the brain might induce analgesia. Most of these CSF samples were collected at the time of ventriculography or myelography. In the present study, the levels of β -endorphin in the CSF of 22 patients undergoing myelography were examined before and after the injection of a contrast agent. β -Endorphin increased an average of 356% (p &lt; 0.0005) 15 to 20 minutes following the injection of contrast material into the lumbar subarachnoid space. Thus, routine myelography may have a profound effect on the levels of β -endorphin measured by radioimmunoassay in human CSF, and great care must be taken in interpreting the significance of changes seen in β -endorphin levels in CSF collected from patients at the time of myelography or ventriculography. The effect of the injection of contrast material on β -endorphin immunoreactivity must be distinguished from the postulated effects of any analgesia-inducing therapy.
Search for new phenomena in events with three charged leptons at sqrt[s]=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2013)

A generic search for anomalous production of events with at least three charged leptons is presented.\nThe search uses a\npp\n-collision data sample at a center-of-mass energy of\nffiffiffi\ns\np\n1⁄4\n7 TeV\ncorresponding to\n4\n:\n6fb\n1\nof integrated luminosity collected in 2011 by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron\nCollider. Events are required to contain at least two electrons or muons, while the third lepton may either\nbe an additional electron or muon, or a hadronically decaying tau lepton. Events are categorized by the\npresence or absence of a reconstructed tau-lepton or\nZ\n-boson candidate decaying to leptons. No significant\nexcess above backgrounds expected from Standard Model processes is observed. Results are presented as\nupper limits on event yields from non-Standard-Model processes producing at least three prompt, isolated\nleptons, given as functions of lower bounds on several kinematic variables. Fiducial efficiencies for model\ntesting are also provided. The use of the results is illustrated by setting upper limits on the production of\ndoubly charged Higgs bosons decaying to same-sign lepton pairs.
Multifunctional pulse generator for high-intensity focused ultrasound system (2017)

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can achieve high spatial resolution for the treatment of diseases. A major technical challenge in implementing a HIFU therapeutic system is to generate high-voltage high-current signals for effectively exciting a multichannel HIFU transducer at high efficiencies. In this paper, we present the development of a multifunctional multichannel generator/driver. The generator can produce a long burst as well as an extremely high-voltage short pulse of pseudosinusoidal waves (trigger HIFU) and second-harmonic superimposed waves for HIFU transmission. The transmission timing, waveform, and frequency can be controlled using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) via a universal serial bus (USB) microcontroller. The hardware is implemented in a compact printed circuit board. The test results of trigger HIFU reveal that the power consumption and the temperature rise of metal–oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors were reduced by 19.9% and 38.2 °C, respectively, from the previous design. The highly flexible performance of the novel generator/driver is demonstrated in the generation of second-harmonic superimposed waves, which is useful for cavitation-enhanced HIFU treatment, although the previous design exhibited difficulty in generating it.
Using a Fabry–Perot Cavity to Augment the Enhancement Factor for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2018)

We propose the use of Fabry–Perot cavities as a means to augment the enhancement factor in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) experiments by optical interference. Using both clean-room and bench-top fabrication approaches, we demonstrate that such a design can be readily realized and provides an additional 12× SERS enhancement and 5× TERS enhancement, in good agreement with expectations from electromagnetic modeling. The mechanism of optical interference enhancement is of far-field nature and is independent of the enhancement mechanisms relying on plasmonic and molecular resonances. Therefore, the Fabry–Perot cavity substrate can be applied generally without material and molecular limitations. The Fabry–Perot cavity structure provides enhancement at large incidence angles away from the surface normal, particularly suitable for low-light Raman measurements with side illumination.
Do Patients with Back Pain-Dominant Symptoms Improve After Lumbar Surgery for Radiculopathy or Claudication? (2021)

Patients undergoing lumbar decompression surgery demonstrate no major clinically significant differences when split up by pain-dominance groups.
CLINICAL EFFICACY OF COMBINED LITHOCLAST AND LITHOVAC STONE REMOVAL DURING URETEROSCOPY (2000)

Using the Lithovac suction device greatly facilitates pneumatic lithotripsy during ureteroscopic stone removal. This combination not only prevents fragment migration, but also aids in maintaining a clear endoscopic field of view, allowing efficient, safe and effective stone fragmentation.
Emergency "rescue" percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty after failed thrombolysis with streptokinase. Early and late results. (1990)

Although thrombolytic therapy has been a major advance in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, in at least 25% of patients the artery remains occluded after administration. In these patients, the strategy of "rescue" or "salvage" angioplasty is frequently used although follow-up data are limited. Sixty-three patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. The decision to proceed with PTCA was based on physician preference and not a specific research protocol. In 34 of these selected patients, PTCA was performed as a rescue procedure because the infarct-related artery remained occluded (group 1); in 29 of these patients, it was performed to treat a severe but subtotal residual stenosis (group 2). PTCA successfully restored patency in 71% of group 1 and in 90% of group 2. Group 1 patients had a significantly worse baseline ejection fraction than did those in group 2 (47 +/- 13% vs. 58 +/- 13%, p = 0.0015). Group 1 patients also had a significantly worse predismissal ejection fraction (36 +/- 13% vs. 50 +/- 14%, p = 0.0004). During initial hospitalization, 14 (22%) patients underwent coronary bypass surgery. In-hospital mortality was low in each group (3% in group 1 and 0% in group 2). During a mean follow-up of 4 years, 89% of group 1 patients remained alive as compared with 97% of group 2 patients. This excellent 4-year survival rate, despite the depressed predismissal ejection fraction in patients undergoing rescue PTCA, raises the issue of whether acute reperfusion has a beneficial effect aside from any impact on myocardial salvage and preservation of left ventricular function.
Influence of carbon, metal-coated polymer, and nano powders on sintering and electrical performance of nano-micro-filled conducting adhesives for z-axis interconnections (2009)

This paper discusses micro-filled epoxy-based conducting adhesives modified with nanoparticles, carbon, and metal-coated polymer fillers for z-axis interconnections. A variety of conducting adhesives with particle sizes ranging from 5 nm to 15 mum were incorporated as interconnects in printed wiring board (PWB) or laminate chip carrier (LCC) substrates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy were used to investigate the micro-structure, and conducting and sintering mechanisms. Sheet resistance of Ag, carbon, and metal-coated polymer filler was low. Among all, metal-coated polymer showed the highest resistance. Sheet resistance decreased with increasing curing temperature. Drop in resistance for carbon-doped samples was 90% from 200degC to 275degC. It was found that with increasing curing temperature, the resistance of the conducting paste decreased due to sintering of metal particles. Sintering temperature and corresponding grain growth of nano-micro adhesive was further evaluated using different size nano particles, and shows optimum sintering at 240degC. Adhesives formulated with highly filled silver nano-micro particles exhibited a Z-axis coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 17 ppm/degC, and as high as 41 ppm/degC for carbon doped, highly filled silver nano-micro systems. Similarly, Z-CTE of highly filled metal-coated polymer fillers was 28 ppm/degC. As a case study, a variety of z-axis interconnect constructions for a flip-chip plastic ball grid array package, as well as for PWB were fabricated and evaluated at both the subcomposite and composite levels to understand and reduce paste-to-package CTE mismatch. Several conductive adhesives were used in the z-axis interconnect constructions for LCC and PWB. The present process allows fabrication of z-interconnect conductive joints having diameters in the range of 55 to 300 mum. The processes and materials used to achieve smaller feature dimensions, satisfy stringent registration requirements, and achieve robust electrical interconnections are discussed.
Low-Volatility Investing: Balancing TotalRisk and Active Risk Considerations (2013)

Low-volatility strategies have been shown to offer significant total risk and drawdown reduction without sacrificing returns, compared to the market. However, low-risk strategies also involve an inherent trade-off between total risk and active risk (or tracking error). Existing passive alternatives for capturing low-risk strategies emphasize total risk reduction at the expense of high and uncontrolled active risk. The article discusses a new approach for capturing abnormal risk-related payoffs at targeted active-risk levels, using a transparent, rules-based approach. This proposed approach lets investors strike a better trade-off between total risk and active risk, and implement low-volatility investing within the constraints of their active-risk budgets. <b>TOPICS:</b>Portfolio theory, volatility measures, passive strategies
Reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with severe COVID-19 disease by advancing ongoing trials of Mesenchymal Stromal (stem) Cell (MSC) therapy — Achieving global consensus and visibility for cellular host-directed therapies (2020)

As of May 17th 2020, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused 307,395 deaths worldwide, out of 3,917,366 cases reported to the World Health Organization. No specific treatments for reducing mortality or morbidity are yet available. Deaths from COVID-19 will continue to rise globally until effective and appropriate treatments and/or vaccines are found. In search of effective treatments, the global medical, scientific, pharma and funding communities have rapidly initiated over 500 COVID-19 clinical trials on a range of antiviral drug regimens and repurposed drugs in various combinations. A paradigm shift is underway from the current focus of drug development targeting the pathogen, to advancing cellular Host-Directed Therapies (HDTs) for tackling the aberrant host immune and inflammatory responses which underlie the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and high COVID-19 mortality rates. We focus this editorial specifically on the background to, and the rationale for, the use and evaluation of mesenchymal stromal (Stem) cells (MSCs) in treatment trials of patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Currently, the ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) report a combined 28 trials exploring the potential of MSCs or their products for treatment of COVID-19. MSCs should also be trialed for treatment of other circulating WHO priority Blueprint pathogens such as MERS-CoV which causes upto 34% mortality rates. It's about time funding agencies invested more into development MSCs per se, and also for a range of other HDTs, in combination with other therapeutic interventions. MSC therapy could turn out to be an important contribution to bringing an end to the high COVID-19 death rates and preventing long-term functional disability in those who survive disease.