gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Well-Compatibilized PP/PC Blends and Foams Thereof (2021)

The performance of polypropylene-poly(ethylene brassylate) block and graft copolymers and a polypropylene-polycaprolactone graft copolymer as compatibilizers for polypropylene-rich polypropylene/bisphenol A polycarbonate (PP/PC, 80/20 wt/wt) blends was elucidated. The copolymers were synthesized either by metal-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization or transesterification of a presynthesized polyester, initiated by hydroxyl-functionalized PPs, which themselves were obtained by catalytic routes or reactive extrusion, respectively. Spectroscopic fingerprints of the copolymers from liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and rheology analyses of the blends indicated that the compatibilizers spontaneously organize at the interface of the two immiscible polymers leading to the formation of uniform, stable, nanophase morphologies. The effect of the compatibilizers on the performance of the PP/PC blends was evaluated, and well-compatibilized PP/PC blends showed improved melt strength and strain hardening when compared to pure PP. This was verified by the successful foam extrusion using isobutane as a blowing agent of well-compatibilized PP/PC blends to low-density PP-based foams, for which normally long-chain branched PP is required.
On CD coat weight control (2001)

Increasing demands for consistent print quality and higher production yields have generated strong interest in CD (cross direction) coat weight control. On a blade coater, the incremental gain between blade pressure and coat weight varies over time due to blade wear and changing operating point. Possible process control solutions to reduce CD coat weight variations on bent blade coaters are discussed, including a fixed-parameter Dahlin controller with a decoupling matrix, passive certainty equivalence adaptive control, and active suboptimal dual control. Simulations comparing those various schemes indicate the benefits of dual control.
A Rapid Field Soil Characterization System (2008)

Soil strength, type, and moisture content are needed to properly assess the load carrying capacity of soil under traffic from ground vehicles and aircraft. Currently, portable, automatic, easy-to-use field methods do not exist to measure the required soil parameters. In this paper, we describe a novel extension of proven cone penetrometer technology under development that allows measurement of soil strength, moisture content, and soil classification. The technology automates and adds sensing capability to the standard dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) configuration specified in ASTM D6951. The sensing approach combines cone resistance and sleeve friction with additional sensing technologies. A manually controlled prototype system is undergoing testing at Northeastern University. Preliminary results indicate that the required soil geotechnical parameters can be extracted from dynamic penetration data, providing for the first time a comprehensive near surface field soil characterization capability.
threo-Selective Michael Addition of N,N-Dibenzylglycinate and Alaninate Enolates to α,β-Unsaturated Esters. A Concise and Stereoselective Synthesis of (±)-CCG-II (1990)

Abstract Lithium enolates of N,N-dibenzylglycinate and alaninate added to β-substituted α,β-unsaturated esters, and threo-adducts were obtained in high stereoselectivities. The reaction was employed in a concise and Stereoselective synthesis of (±)-CCG-II.
Dissociation reactions of CuI(hfac)L compounds relevant to the chemical vapor deposition of copper (2003)

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed for ligand copper bond energies of typical copper β-diketonate compounds used in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of copper films. The molecules have the general formula CuI(hfac)L, where hfac is hexafluoroacetylacetonate, and L represents vinyltrimethylsilane (VTMS), trimethylphosphine (PMe3), 2-butyne (2-butyne), or 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD). The DFT method is used with the three-parameter Becke exchange and the Lee–Yang–Parr correlation functionals (B3LYP) with different basis sets. The optimized structures correspond to the crystal structures determined using crystal X-ray diffraction. Two different structures, CuI(hfac)(η2-COD) and CuI(hfac)(η4-COD), are determined for the CuI(hfac)(COD) complex, the latter being more stable by ∼3 kcal mol−1. The strength of the ligand–copper interaction is studied for the reaction CuI(β-diketonate)L → CuI(β-diketonate) + L. Bond energies of 32.1, 35.6, 33.6 and 38.4 kcal mol−1 are calculated for typical Cu CVD precursors, CuI(hfac)(butyne), CuI(hfac)(COD), CuI(hfac)(VTMS) and CuI(hfac)(PMe3), respectively. The similarity between these bond energies and reported experimental activation energies for CVD suggests that the dissociation of the ligand L could be the rate determining step for the film growth under certain conditions. The rate parameters for the dissociation reaction of CuI(hfac)(VTMS) are evaluated based upon the results of the DFT calculations. A simple reaction mechanism for Cu CVD is proposed and combined with transport phenomena simulations of two reported reactors configurations. Good agreement with experimental observations is obtained with a CuI(hfac)(VTMS) dissociation rate constant of 1.5 × 1014exp(−13.5/T), which is consistent with the computed rate constant.
DNA Targeting as a Likely Mechanism Underlying the Antibacterial Activity of Synthetic Bis-Indole Antibiotics (2016)

We previously reported the synthesis and biological activity of a series of cationic bis-indoles with potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Here, we describe mechanism of action studies to test the hypothesis that these compounds bind to DNA and that this target plays an important role in their antibacterial outcome. The results reported here indicate that the bis-indoles bind selectively to DNA at A/T-rich sites, which is correlated with the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis in representative Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>) organisms. Further, exposure of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> to representative bis-indoles resulted in induction of the DNA damage-inducible SOS response. In addition, the bis-indoles were found to be potent inhibitors of cell wall biosynthesis; however, they do not induce the cell wall stress stimulon in <i>S. aureus</i>, suggesting that this pathway is inhibited by an indirect mechanism. In light of these findings, the most likely basis for the observed activities of these compounds is their ability to bind to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and other secondary effects.
A Highly Efficient Reaction for the Synthesis of Esters and for the Inversion of Secondary Alcohols (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Highly Efficient Reaction for the Synthesis of Esters and for the Inversion of Secondary AlcoholsJean Boivin, Eric Henriet, and Samir Z. ZardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 21, 9739–9740Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00100a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00100a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views805Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The folding of a metallopeptide (2015)

We have applied solid-phase synthesis methods for the construction of tris(bipyridyl) peptidic ligands that coordinate Fe(ii) ions with high affinity and fold into stable mononuclear metallopeptides. The main factors influencing the folding pathway and chiral control of the peptidic ligands around the metal ions have been studied both by experimental techniques (CD, UV-vis and NMR) and molecular modeling tools. Amongst the numerous molecular variables that have been studied, this study clearly illustrates how the chirality of a given set of aminoacids (proline in this case) of the peptide dictates the chirality of the metal center of the resulting metallopeptide. Moreover, the relatively hydrophobic peptidic models used in this work show that the most stable structures present reduced solvent contacts and, in counterpart, stabilize the cis configuration of the proline residues.
Fibrillins, Fibulins, and Matrix-Associated Glycoprotein Modulate the Kinetics and Morphology of in Vitro Self-Assembly of a Recombinant Elastin-like Polypeptide (2008)

Elastin is the polymeric protein responsible for the properties of extensibility and elastic recoil of the extracellular matrix in a variety of tissues. Although proper assembly of the elastic matrix is crucial for its durability, the process by which this assembly takes place is not well-understood. Recent data suggest the complex interaction of tropoelastin, the monomeric form of elastin, with a number of other elastic matrix-associated proteins, including fibrillins, fibulins, and matrix-associated glycoprotein (MAGP), is important to achieve the proper architecture of the elastic matrix. At the same time, it is becoming clear that self-assembly properties intrinsic to tropoelastin itself, reflected in a temperature-induced phase separation known as coacervation, are also important in this assembly process. In this study, using a well-characterized elastin-like polypeptide that mimics the self-assembly properties of full-length tropoelastin, the process of self-assembly is deconstructed into "coacervation" and "maturation" stages that can be distinguished kinetically by different parameters. Members of the fibrillin, fibulin, and MAGP families of proteins are shown to profoundly affect both the kinetics of self-assembly and the morphology of the maturing coacervate, restricting the growth of coacervate droplets and, in some cases, causing clustering of droplets into fibrillar structures.
Sustainable Plant-Based Biopolymer Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells (2022)

Carboxycellulose nanofibers (CNFs) promise to be a sustainable and inexpensive alternative material for polymer electrolyte membranes compared to the expensive commercial Nafion membrane. However, its practical applications have been limited by its relatively low performance and reduced mechanical properties under typical operating conditions. In this study, carboxycellulose nanofibers were derived from wood pulp by TEMPO oxidation of the hydroxyl group present on the C6 position of the cellulose chain. Then, citric acid cross-linked CNF membranes were prepared by a solvent casting method to enhance performance. Results from FT-IR spectroscopy, <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy, and XRD reveal a chemical cross-link between the citric acid and CNF, and the optimal fuel cell performance was obtained by cross-linking 70 mL of 0.20 wt % CNF suspension with 300 µL of 1.0 M citric acid solution. The membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), operated in an oxygen atmosphere, exhibited the maximum power density of 27.7 mW cm<sup>-2</sup> and the maximum current density of 111.8 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> at 80 °C and 100% relative humidity (RH) for the citric acid cross-linked CNF membrane with 0.1 mg cm<sup>-2</sup> Pt loading on the anode and cathode, which is approximately 30 times and 22 times better, respectively, than the uncross-linked CNF film. A minimum activation energy of 0.27 eV is achieved with the best-performing citric acid cross-linked CNF membrane, and a proton conductivity of 9.4 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> is obtained at 80 °C. The surface morphology of carboxycellulose nanofibers and corresponding membranes were characterized by FIB/SEM, SEM/EDX, TEM, and AFM techniques. The effect of citric acid on the mechanical properties of the membrane was assessed by tensile strength DMA.
Concur: an investigation of lightweight migration in support of centralized synchronous distributed collaboration (2009)

Synchronous distributed collaborative systems support simultaneous observation of and interaction with shared objects by multiple, dispersed participants. Centralized architectures for such systems support simple user mental models and are comparatively easy to implement, but they suffer from high latency. Replicated architectures improve latency at the expense of more complex user mental models and implementations. Hybrid and dynamic architectures apply centralized and replicated sub-architectures in an attempt to get the best of both worlds, but in reality they further complicate implementations and user mental models. 
Concur is an architecture I developed to investigate lightweight migration as an alternative means to attain the best characteristics of centralized and replicated architectures. Previous dynamic architectures improved latency using the migration of heavyweight processes or (object-oriented) objects, which is costly in terms of migration time and runtime requirements. In Concur I have instead organized collaborative applications and supporting infrastructures around migrating entities which are not required to have full process or object semantics. These entities are classified by properties affecting migration, such as their size and their use of external references. In this way I achieved both the simpler user mental models and implementations of centralized systems and the superior latency characteristics of replicated systems. Concur accomplishes this through the fast migration of lightweight entities in a multi-centered centralized system, where a multi-centered system is defined as having single physical center and multiple, independently-migrating and entity-specific logical centers. 
This dissertation also identifies other significant advantages of the Concur architecture. Sub-object, easily-migratable entity classes minimize runtime requirements, facilitating widespread entity distribution. This in turn helps us to achieve the critical mass required for the success of any communication technology. The speed of lightweight entity migration also enables migrations to be triggered based on telegraphed user intentions (user actions that hint at imminent succeeding actions). I have demonstrated that telegraphed intentions are more accurate predictors of future interactions than the recent interaction histories considered in previous systems. Migrating entities based on these telegraphed intentions increases the probability that an entity will be located near a user when he begins to manipulate it.
Book Reviews (2007)

Vanhoozer, Kevin J., Charles A. Anderson, and Michael J. Sleasman, eds. Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends, reviewed by Paul Macdonald Arroyo, Raymond. Mother Angelica: The Remarkable Story of a Nun, Her Nerve, and a Network of Miracles, reviewed by Christopher Lynch Beal, Timothy K. Roadside Religion: In Search of the Sacred, the Strange, and the Substance of Faith, reviewed by Kelly J. Baker Elkins, James. On the Strange Place of Religion in Contemporary Art, reviewed by Caleb D. Spencer Bertonneau, Thomas, and Kim Paffenroth. The Truth is Out There: Christian Faith and the Classics of TV Science Fiction, reviewed by Anton Karl Kozlovic
Error analysis leading to design criteria for transmission line model characterization of ohmic contacts (2001)

The transmission line model (TLM) is a standard method for planar specific contact resistance measurement. Although widely used, the accuracy of a measurement is typically not stated. In addition to contributions from random errors, there can be substantial contributions from systematic errors in typical TLM measurements. In this paper, we develop an analytical model for the experimental uncertainty from the fundamental TLM expressions in order to understand and calculate the uncertainty associated with the specific contact resistance and sheet resistance derived by the TLM method. The experimental uncertainties in measured resistances, together with the pad width and pad spacing, are the dominant contributions to the total uncertainty. Analytical expressions for relative random and systematic uncertainties in contact resistance and sheet resistance are developed in terms of the error contributions and the parameters of the TLM geometry. Expressions for minimum uncertainty, with associated optimum widths and sheet resistances, serve as a basis for the design of TLM structures with minimum uncertainty. The model quantifies the increase in relative uncertainty associated with decreasing contact resistance. Simulations of uncertainty under various sheet resistance, contact resistance, and pad width are implemented and uncertainties are calculated for realistic data sets.
26-Gb/s DMT Transmission Using Full $C$ -Band Tunable VCSEL for Converged PONs (2017)

Wavelength division multiplex (WDM) passive optical network (PON) is considered for converged fixed mobile broadband access networking. We propose to utilize low-cost tunable lasers at the remote sites, together with a centralized wavelength locker. Practical implementations require a transparently added downstream signaling channel and upstream per-channel pilot tones for channel tagging and remote wavelength control. We demonstrate, for the first time, 26-Gbps discrete multitone transmission modulated on a low-cost wide tunable vertical surface emitting laser over up to 40 km of standard single-mode fiber. The results confirm that converged fixed mobile WDM-PON systems based on low-cost lasers carrying discrete multitone modulation are a technically viable approach.
Chemoattractants MDC and TARC are secreted by malignant B-cell precursors following CD40 ligation and support the migration of leukemia-specific T cells (2001)

The use of tumor cells as vaccines in cancer immunotherapy is critically dependent on their capacity to initiate and amplify tumor-specific immunity. Optimal responses may require the modification of the tumor cells not only to increase their immunogenicity but also to improve their ability to recruit effector cells to the tumor sites or sites of tumor antigen exposure. It has been reported that CD40 cross-linking of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells significantly increases their immunogenicity and allows the generation and expansion of autologous antileukemia cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This study demonstrates that the CD40 ligation of these tumor cells also induces the secretion of the CC-chemokines MDC and TARC. Supernatants from malignant cells cultured in the presence of sCD40L promote the migration of activated T cells that express CCR4, the common specific receptor for MDC and TARC. More importantly, the supernatants from CD40-stimulated tumor cells also support the transendothelial migration of autologous CCR4(+) antileukemia T cells. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the delivery to leukemia cells of a single physiologic signal, that is, CD40 cross-linking, simultaneously improves tumor cell immunogenicity and induces potent chemoattraction for T cells. (Blood. 2001;98:533-540)
Lung Spatial Profiling Reveals a T Cell Signature in COPD Patients with Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection (2022)

People with pre-existing lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are more likely to get very sick from SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19). Still, an interrogation of the immune response to COVID-19 infection, spatially throughout the lung structure, is lacking in patients with COPD. For this study, we characterized the immune microenvironment of the lung parenchyma, airways, and vessels of never- and ever-smokers with or without COPD, all of whom died of COVID-19, using spatial transcriptomic and proteomic profiling. The parenchyma, airways, and vessels of COPD patients, compared to control lungs had (1) significant enrichment for lung-resident CD45RO<sup>+</sup> memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells; (2) downregulation of genes associated with T cell antigen priming and memory T cell differentiation; and (3) higher expression of proteins associated with SARS-CoV-2 entry and primary receptor ubiquitously across the ROIs and in particular the lung parenchyma, despite similar SARS-CoV-2 structural gene expression levels. In conclusion, the lung parenchyma, airways, and vessels of COPD patients have increased T-lymphocytes with a blunted memory CD4 T cell response and a more invasive SARS-CoV-2 infection pattern and may underlie the higher death toll observed with COVID-19.
Survey of Attitudes toward Uterus Transplantation among Japanese Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Study (2016)

Our results suggest that many Japanese women of reproductive age feel that UTx is socially and individually acceptable, but that concerns requiring further discussion remain among these women. There was also a tendency for UTx to be viewed more favorably than gestational surrogacy.
Introduction of transition-metal ions into cation positions in high-silica zeolites via solid-phase reactions. IV. H-ZSM-5 interactions with iron compounds (1988)

It has been demonstrated that reaction in the solid phase between H-ZSM-5 and FeCl/sub 3/ makes it possible to introduce Fe/sup 3+/ ions into cation positions in the zeolite. These isolated ions are localized in a strong crystal field of low symmetry and are accessible to molecules in the gas phase. Solid-phase reaction with CuO allows isolated Cu/sup 2+/ ions to replace isolated Fe/sup 3+/ ions.
Rapid Detection of Candida albicans in Clinical Samples by DNA Amplification of Common Regions from C. albicans -Secreted Aspartic Proteinase Genes (1998)

Laboratory diagnosis based on genomic amplification methods such as PCR may provide an alternative and more sensitive method than conventional culture for the early detection of deep-seated candidiasis, an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. A novel method of DNA extraction from clinical samples based on treatment with proteinase K and isolation of DNA on a silica membrane was developed. The targets used for DNA amplification were the Candida albicans-secreted aspartic proteinase (SAP) genes, a multiple-gene family of at least seven members in C. albicans. A single pair of primers was designed in order to detect six of these SAP genes and, subsequently, to increase the sensitivity of the test. Detection of the PCR product by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found to be as sensitive as Southern blotting with an SAP-labeled probe. The sensitivity of the assay was 1 cell/ml from serially diluted Candida cultures and 1 to 4 cells/ml from seeded blood specimens. The sensitivity and specificity of the present assay were tested in a retrospective study performed blindly with 156 clinical samples and were 100 and 98%, respectively, compared with the results of culture. For the subset of blood culture samples (n = 124), the sensitivity and the specificity were 100%. The two false-positive PCR samples came from patients treated with azole antifungal agents, indicating that PCR was probably able to detect damaged organisms that could not be recovered by culture.