gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wafer-scalable chemical modification of amino groups on graphene biosensors (2021)

Graphene's remarkable attributes make it suitable for application to biosensors for biomolecular recognition. Specific and precise target detection is realized by designing robust methods for immobilization of probe molecules, such as oligonucleotides, antibodies, receptors, and sugar chains, to a device surface. In this research, we developed a chemical modification method with a plasma treatment of amino groups on natural defects of graphene, which is compatible with a wafer-scalable semiconductor process, to prevent deterioration of the carrier mobility. The plasma treatment was optimized in terms of the efficiency of the amino radical generation, length of the mean free path, and reaction energy on graphene. The density of the modified amino groups on graphene was approximately 0.065 groups/nm<sup>2</sup>, and the change in the Δ<i>I</i><sub>d</sub><i>/</i>Δ<i>V</i><sub>g</sub> characteristic of the graphene field-effect transistor (FET) was negligible. DNA probes were then attached to the amino groups on the graphene FET. The target complementary DNA was detected at 1 nM after hybridization using the graphene FET devices. The plasma-assisted modification of the amino groups on the graphene surface was developed for immobilization of the DNA probes, and hybridization with the target DNA was demonstrated without deterioration of the carrier mobility.
Effect of Ni(NO3)2•6H2o On Hydrothermal Synthesis of LiMnPO4 (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Statistics of set transition in phase change memory (PCM) arrays (2014)

This work presents a statistical characterization of the set operation in phase change memory (PCM) arrays. The set performance was studied in devices programmed with increasing size of the amorphous region by means of suitable reset pulses. The thickness-dependent set time and statistics are explained by the different roles of the nucleation and growth of crystalline grains in the amorphous volume. We then analyzed the set transition kinetics comparing 2 set techniques, namely: i) crystallization in the solid state through rectangular pulses below the reset level and ii) crystallization from the liquid phase through triangular pulses above the reset level. The experimental results provide guiding rules for minimizing the energy consumption and the switching variability in PCM arrays.
Dissolution kinetics and morphological changes ofγ′ in AD730TMsuperalloy (2014)

Alloy AD730TM is a recently developed Nickel base superalloy for application as turbine disk in modern gas turbines with improved thermal efficiency. Ingot casting followed by open die-forging and then heat treatments are the main manufacturing steps for the production of parts made of this alloy. Solution heat treatment operations are applied at different stages of the manufacturing in order to ease the deformation processing and/or prepare the microstructure for final heat treatment. In this research, the influence of various solution heat treatment schedules on morphology and distribution of the γ′ phase are investigated and documented. The obtained results will contribute to a better understanding of microstructure evolution of AD730TM during solution heat treatments. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) is used for the purposes of measurement of temperatures of phase transformations of the alloy. Based on DTA results, three solutionizing temperatures and three holding times were selected for performing and assessing the solution heat treatment process. Optical and electron microscopy were used to study the morphological evolution as well as the coarsening and dissolution of secondary phases at solvus and subsolvus temperatures. The results indicated that precipitate agglomeration and Ostwald ripening are the governing mechanisms during the initial stages and splitting and partial dissolution of γ′ precipitates takes place during subsolvus solution treatments.
In situ Real-Time Beam Monitoring with Dielectric Meta-Holograms (2018)

We propose and demonstrate novel meta-holograms for laser beam monitoring. These devices project a portion of the beam power to a screen, allowing for real-time monitoring of laser beam properties - position, astigmatism, and spot-size.
Sorption of toxic chemical vapors in fixed bed adsorbers containing activated carbon fiber cloth and modeling of diffusivity and mass transfer (1998)

Under the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment (CAAA), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is establishing maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards to reduce industrial toxic emissions by 97 to 99%. These regulations have encouraged the development of new technologies to capture and recover toxic chemical vapors (TCVs) from gas streams. Development of such new air quality control devices requires the integration of experimental and modeled results to optimize capabilities of the new devices. In this research, a new activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) adsorber coupled with an electrothermal regenerator and a cryogenic condenser was designed and developed to efficiently capture and recover TCVs from gas streams. The system was characterized for adsorption by ACFC, electrothermal desorption, and cryogenic-condensation to separate acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), and toluene from simulated gas streams. Adsorption throughput ratios (TPRs) averaged from 76% to 50% for an effective length of 18 cm and packing density of 94 mg/g. Electrothermal desorption produced high concentration gas streams for reduced desorption times, low thermal losses, and low adsorbate retentivities. Electrothermal regeneration of a saturated ACFC with acetone produced a 63% by volume acetone effluent in 5.4 min with an energy consumption of 1 KJ/g-carbon/g-acetone,more » while heat loss to the carrier gas stream was not appreciable. Concentrating the vapor in a short time enabled to increase the operating temperature of condenser while achieving a high recovery efficiency > 97%. Modeling sorption dynamics is important to be able to predict the system characteristics during the scale-up and optimization. A systematic experimental and modeling approach is developed to reduce the number of required experiments to adequately characterize the system.« less
EFFECTS OF NALOXONE AND IBUPROFEN ON REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW DURING PORCINE ENDOTOXIC SHOCK (1986)

Nishijima, Masako K.; Breslow, Michael J.; Miller, Clair F.; Traystman, Richard J. Author Information
Guided-wave electrooptic devices utilizing static strain induced effects in ferroelectrics (1998)

Abstract The static strain optic (SSO) effect has been used in different ferroelectric substrate materials as a means of producing channel waveguides and various integrated optic devices. The static strain results from the large thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate and a thick film of SiO2 that is deposited on the surface at an elevated temperature and patterned at room temperature. Record low loss channel waveguides have been produced in tungsten bronze substrates SBN and BSTN, which have electrotrooptic coefficients ∼ an order of magnitude greater than LiNbO3. GHz-bandwidth electrooptic modulation in the tungsten bronzes was obtained without repoling the crystal after processing at temperatures far above. Tc . In another application of the SSO effect, phase-matched polarization coupling has been used in an electrooptically tunable TE-TM mode converter and a channel dropping filter in LiTaO3.
Synthesis of N,N-Dialkyl-N‘-arylhydrazines via Palladium-Catalyzed N-Arylation by Using N,N-Dialkylhydrazines/2LiCl Adducts (2005)

[reaction: see text] The reaction of N,N-dialkylhydrazine/2LiCl adducts with aryl bromides in the presence of Pd(2)(dba)(3) as the palladium source, Xantphos or X-phos as the ligands, toluene as the solvent, and NaOBu-t as the base provides an efficient route to N,N-dialkyl-N'-arylhydrazines. Best results were obtained by using N,N-dialkylhydrazine/2LiCl adducts prepared in situ, omitting their isolation.
Determination of organosulfur compounds in hydrocarbon matrixes by collision activated dissociation mass spectrometry (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of organosulfur compounds in hydrocarbon matrixes by collision activated dissociation mass spectrometryDonald F. Hunt and Jeffrey. ShabanowitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 3, 574–578Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00240a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00240a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by Polydentate Phenoxy-Type Ligand Platforms: C–H Activation Reactivity and CO2/Epoxide Copolymerization Catalysis (2020)

Mono- and dinuclear group 3 metal complexes incorporating polydentate bis(imino)phenoxy {N<sup>2</sup>O}<sup>-</sup> and bis(amido)phenoxy {N<sup>2</sup>O}<sup>3-</sup> ligands were synthesized by alkane elimination reactions from the tris(alkyl) M(CH<sub>2</sub>SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(THF)<sub>2</sub> and M(CH<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-<i>o</i>-NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (M = Sc, Y) precursors. Complex <b>1a-Y</b> was used for the selective C-H activation of 2-phenylpyridine at the 2'-phenyl position affording the corresponding bis(aryl) product <b>3a-Y</b>, which was found to be reacted reluctantly with weak electrophiles (styrene, imines, hydrosilanes). The mechanism of formation of <b>3a-Y</b> was established by DFT calculations, which also corroborated high stability of the complex toward insertion of styrene, apparently stemming from the inability to form the corresponding adduct. Copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and CO<sub>2</sub> promoted by <b>1a-Y</b> (0.1-0.5 mol %) was demonstrated to proceed under mild conditions (toluene, 70 °C, <i>P</i><sub>CO2</sub> = 12 bar) giving polycarbonates with high efficiency (maximal TON of 460) and selectivity (97-99% of carbonate units).
Epitaxy: Programmable Atom Equivalents (2016)

The programmability of DNA makes it an attractive structure-directing ligand for the assembly of nanoparticle (NP) superlattices in a manner that mimics many aspects of atomic crystallization. However, the synthesis of multilayer single crystals of defined size remains a challenge. Though previous studies considered lattice mismatch as the major limiting factor for multilayer assembly, thin film growth depends on many interlinked variables. Here, a more comprehensive approach is taken to study fundamental elements, such as the growth temperature and the thermodynamics of interfacial energetics, to achieve epitaxial growth of NP thin films. Both surface morphology and internal thin film structure are examined to provide an understanding of particle attachment and reorganization during growth. Under equilibrium conditions, single crystalline, multilayer thin films can be synthesized over 500 × 500 μm² areas on lithographically patterned templates, whereas deposition under kinetic conditions leads to the rapid growth of glassy films. Importantly, these superlattices follow the same patterns of crystal growth demonstrated in atomic thin film deposition, allowing these processes to be understood in the context of well-studied atomic epitaxy and enabling a nanoscale model to study fundamental crystallization processes. Through understanding the role of epitaxy as a driving force for NP assembly, we are able to realize 3D architectures of arbitrary domain geometry and size.
Using VCO-OTA TIAs to Break the Gain, Linearity and Power Consumption Trade-offs in Passive Mixer based Direct-Conversion Receivers (2018)

This paper demonstrates the use of very high DC gain of a VCO based OTA to break the trade-off between the conversion gain (CG) and the power consumption in a passive mixer direct-conversion receiver for a given noise and linearity performance. A process for selecting the parameters of a VCO-OTA based TIA is highlighted with an example where the receiver delivers 20MHz of RF bandwidth at various CG settings. Simulation results demonstrate up to 38dB and 18dB improvement in CG and operational dynamic range compared to an inverter based OTA and a two-stage OTA respectively for a given linearity, NF and power consumption. Up to 17.5dB and 7.7dB improvement in the LNTA P1dB is demonstrated for a given CG, NF and power consumption. Up to two orders of magnitude reduction in the effect of TIA output 3rd order non-linearity on the overall linearity performance of the receiver is demonstrated with a VCO-OTA TIA.
Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity (2012)

Endometriosis is a common disease affecting 40 to 70% of reproductive-aged women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and/or infertility. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the use of a blue dye (methylene blue) to stain peritoneal surfaces during laparoscopy (L/S) to detect the loss of peritoneal integrity in patients with pelvic pain and suspected endometriosis. Forty women with CPP and 5 women without pain were evaluated in this pilot study. During L/S, concentrated dye was sprayed onto peritoneal surfaces, then aspirated and rinsed with Lactated Ringers solution. Areas of localized dye uptake were evaluated for the presence of visible endometriotic lesions. Areas of intense peritoneal staining were resected and some fixed in 2.5% buffered gluteraldehyde and examined by scanning (SEM) electron microscopy. Blue dye uptake was more common in women with endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain than controls (85% vs. 40%). Resection of the blue stained areas revealed endometriosis by SEM and loss of peritoneal cell-cell contact compared to normal, non-staining peritoneum. Affected peritoneum was associated with visible endometriotic implants in most but not all patients. Subjective pain relief was reported in 80% of subjects. Based on scanning electron microscopy, we conclude that endometrial cells extend well beyond visible implants of endometriosis and appear to disrupt the underlying mesothelium. Subtle lesions of endometriosis could therefore cause pelvic pain by disruption of peritoneal integrity, allowing menstrual or ovulatory blood and associated pain factors access to underlying sensory nerves. Complete resection of affected peritoneum may provide a better long-term treatment for endometriosis and CPP. This simple technique appears to improve detection of subtle or near invisible endometriosis in women with CPP and minimal visual findings at L/S and may serve to elevate diagnostic accuracy for endometriosis at laparoscopy.
Alterations in the Magnetoencephalography Default Mode Effective Connectivity following Concussion (2021)

The unidirectional increase in effective connectivity postconcussion may elucidate compensatory processes, invoking use of posterior regions to aid the function of susceptible anterior regions following brain injury. These findings support the potential value of magnetoencephalography in exploring directional changes of the brain network following concussion.
Geometrical Optics Ray Tracing in a Thick Anisotropic Slab (2020)

Geometrical optics (GO) analysis of an infinitely extended thick anisotropic slab is presented. At the point where a ray trace in the anisotropic medium is performed, half-space coefficients for an isotropic-anisotropic interface are determined and field contributions from different orders of reflection and refraction are evaluated.
Fourier transform emission lifetime spectrometer (2007)

We report a rapid and low cost Fourier transform spectrometer that uses a path length modulated Michelson interferometer to simultaneously measure excitation spectra and excitation wavelength-dependent emission lifetimes. Excitation spectra and lifetimes of excited tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) measured using this technique corresponded to values known in the literature. Excitation-dependent lifetimes of porous silicon measured with this technique suggest the influence of quantum confinement effects. This method may be useful for measuring mixtures of emitting species with closely spaced lifetimes as well as studying excitation wavelength-dependent emission phenomena.
Catalytic asymmetric addition of diorganozinc reagents to N -phosphinoylalkylimines (2004)

The synthesis of alpha-chiral amines bearing two alkyl groups has been hampered by the accessibility and stability of the alkylimine precursor. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to generate the alkyl-substituted imine in situ that is compatible with the Me-DuPHOS monoxide.Cu(I) catalyzed addition of diorganozinc reagents. The sulfinic acid adduct of the imine is readily prepared by mixing diphenylphosphinic amide, the aldehyde, and sulfinic acid. The sulfinic acid adduct is generally isolated by filtration. The addition of diorganozinc reagents in the presence of Me-DuPHOS monoxide.Cu(I) and the in situ-generated imines affords the corresponding alpha-chiral amines in high yields and enantiomeric excesses.
Characterization techniques to control gate etch processeses at the nanometer scale (2008)

International audience
Hybrid organometallic/enzymic catalyst systems: regeneration of NADH using dihydrogen (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHybrid organometallic/enzymic catalyst systems: regeneration of NADH using dihydrogenObsidiana Abril and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 6, 1552–1554Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00370a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00370a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views489Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neural correlates of the emergence of consciousness of thirst (2003)

Thirst was induced by rapid i.v. infusion of hypertonic saline (0.51 M at 13.4 ml/min). Ten humans were neuroimaged by positron-emission tomography (PET) and four by functional MRI (fMRI). PET images were made 25 min after beginning infusion, when the sensation of thirst began to enter the stream of consciousness. The fMRI images were made when the maximum rate of increase of thirst occurred. The PET results showed regional cerebral blood flow changes similar to those delineated when thirst was maximal. These loci involved the phylogenetically ancient areas of the brain. fMRI showed activation in the anterior wall of the third ventricle, an area that is key in the genesis of thirst but is not an area revealed by PET imaging. Thus, this region plays as major a role in thirst for humans as for animals. Strong activations in the brain with fMRI included the anterior cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus, inferior and middle frontal gyri, insula, and cerebellum. When the subjects drank water to satiation, thirst declined immediately to baseline. A precipitate decline in intensity of activation signal occurred in the anterior cingulate area (Brodmann area 32) putatively related to consciousness of thirst. The intensity of activation in the anterior wall of the third ventricle was essentially unchanged, which is consistent with the fact that a significant time (15-20 min) would be needed before plasma Na concentration changed as a result of water absorption from the gut.
Resistance exercise, muscle loading/unloading and the control of muscle mass (2006)

Muscle mass is determined by the difference between the rate of protein synthesis and degradation. If synthesis is greater than degradation, muscle mass will increase (hypertrophy) and when the reverse is true muscle mass will decrease (atrophy). Following resistance exercise/increased loading there is a transient increase in protein synthesis within muscle. This change in protein synthesis correlates with an increase in the activity of protein kinase B/Akt and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). mTOR increases protein synthesis by increasing translation initiation and by inducing ribosomal biogenesis. By contrast, unloading or inactivity results in a decrease in protein synthesis and a significant increase in muscle protein breakdown. The decrease in synthesis is due in part to the inactivation of mTOR and therefore a decrease in translation initiation, but also to a decrease in the rate of translation elongation. The increase in degradation is the result of a co-ordinated response of the calpains, lysosomal proteases and the ATP-dependent ubiquitin-proteosome. Caspase 3 and the calpains act upstream of the ubiquitin-proteosome system to assist in the complete breakdown of the myofibrillar proteins. Two muscle specific E3 ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1 and MAFbx/atrogen-1, have been identified as key regulators of muscle atrophy. In this chapter, these pathways and how the balance between anabolism and catabolism is affected by loading and unloading will be discussed.