gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Techno-economic analysis of the deacetylation and disk refining process: characterizing the effect of refining energy and enzyme usage on minimum sugar selling price and minimum ethanol selling price (2015)

The DDR process concept is evaluated for economic feasibility through TEA. The MSSP and MESP of the DDR process falls within a range similar to that found with the deacetylation/dilute acid pretreatment process modeled in NREL's 2011 design report. The DDR process is a much simpler process that requires less capital and maintenance costs when compared to conventional chemical pretreatments with pressure vessels. As a result, we feel the DDR process should be considered as an option for future biorefineries with great potential to be more cost-effective.
Dual-domain lateral shearing interferometer (2023)

The phase-shifting point diffraction interferometer (PS/PDI) was developed to address the problem of at-wavelength metrology of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) optical systems. Although extremely accurate, the fact that the PS/PDI is limited to use with coherent EUV sources, such as undulator radiation, is a drawback for its widespread use. An alternative to the PS/PDI, with relaxed coherence requirements, is lateral shearing interferometry (LSI). The use of a cross-grating, carrier-frequency configuration to characterize a large-field 4.times.-reduction EUV lithography optic is demonstrated. The results obtained are directly compared with PS/PDI measurements. A defocused implementation of the lateral shearing interferometer in which an image-plane filter allows both phase-shifting and Fourier wavefront recovery. The two wavefront recovery methods can be combined in a dual-domain technique providing suppression of noise added by self-interference of high-frequency components in the test-optic wavefront.
Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the Rhodobacter capsulatus hvrB gene: HvrB is an activator of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase expression and is a member of the LysR family (1994)

Here we present the nucleotide sequence and characterization of two genes, hvrB and orf5, that are located in the regulatory gene cluster from Rhodobacter capsulatus. The hvrB gene, which encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 32 kDa, is shown to be highly homologous to genes encoding members of the LysR family of bacterial transcriptional regulators. A chromosomal disruption of hvrB is shown to result in the failure to regulate expression from the nearby ahcY and orf5 genes in response to alterations in light intensity. We show by primer extension mapping that the 5' end of ahcY-specific mRNA defines a promoter region exhibiting sequence similarity to known R. capsulatus promoter elements. Our mutational analysis further demonstrates that hvrB autoregulates its own expression in vivo.
Synthese und Charakterisierung neuer intramolekular stickstoffstabilisierter Organoaluminium‐ und Organogalliumalkoxide (2005)

Abstract Synthesis and Characterization of New Intramolecularly Nitrogen‐stabilized Organoaluminium‐ and Organogallium Alkoxides The intramolecularly nitrogen stabilized organoaluminium alkoxides [Me 2 Al{μ‐O(CH 2 ) 3 NMe 2 }] 2 ( 1a ), Me 2 AlOC 6 H 2 (CH 2 NMe 2 ) 3 ‐2,4,6 ( 2a ), [( S )‐Me 2 Al{μ‐OCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)NH‐ i ‐Pr}] 2 ( 3a ) and [( S )‐Me 2 Al{μ‐OCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)NHCH 2 Ph}] 2 ( 4 ) are formed by reacting equimolar amounts of AlMe 3 and Me 2 N(CH 2 ) 3 OH, C 6 H 2 [(CH 2 NMe 2 ) 3 ‐2,4,6]OH, ( S )‐ i ‐PrNHCH( i ‐Pr)CH 2 OH, or ( S )‐PhCH 2 NHCH( i ‐Pr)CH 2 OH, respectively. An excess of AlMe 3 reacts with Me 2 N(CH 2 ) 2 OH, Me 2 N(CH 2 ) 3 OH, C 6 H 2 [(CH 2 NMe 2 ) 3 ‐2,4,6]OH, and ( S )‐ i ‐PrNHCH( i ‐Pr)CH 2 OH producing the “pick‐a‐back” complexes [Me 2 AlO(CH 2 ) 2 NMe 2 ](AlMe 3 ) ( 5 ), [Me 2 AlO(CH 2 ) 3 NMe 2 ](AlMe 3 ) ( 1b ), [Me 2 AlOC 6 H 2 (CH 2 NMe 2 ) 3 ‐2,4,6](AlMe 3 ) 2 ( 2b ), and [(S)‐Me 2 AlOCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)NH‐ i ‐Pr](AlMe 3 ) ( 3b ), respectively. The mixed alkyl‐ or alkenylchloroaluminium alkoxides [Me(Cl)Al{μ‐O(CH 2 ) 2 NMe 2 }] 2 ( 6 ) and [{CH 2 =C(CH 3 )}(Cl)Al{μ‐O(CH 2 ) 2 NMe 2 }] 2 ( 8 ) are to obtain from Me 2 AlCl and Me 2 N(CH 2 ) 2 OH and from [Cl 2 Al{μ‐O(CH 2 ) 2 NMe 2 }] 2 ( 7 ) and CH 2 =C(CH 3 )MgBr, respectively. The analogous dimethylgallium alkoxides [Me 2 Ga{μ‐O(CH 2 ) 3 NMe 2 }] 2 ( 9 ), [( S )‐Me 2 Ga{μ‐OCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)NH‐ i ‐Pr}] n ( 10 ), [( S )‐Me 2 Ga{μ‐OCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)NHCH 2 Ph}] n ( 11 ), [( S )‐Me 2 Ga{μ‐OCH 2 CH( i ‐Pr)N(Me)CH 2 Ph}] n ( 12 ) and [( S )‐Me 2 Ga{μ‐OCH 2 (C 4 H 7 NHCH 2 Ph)}] n ( 13 ) result from the equimolar reactions of GaMe 3 with the corresponding alcohols. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, 1 H‐, 13 C‐ and 27 Al‐NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Additionally, the structures of 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b , 3a , 5 , 6 and 8 were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Put on your 3D glasses now (2014)

research-article Share on Put on your 3D glasses now: the past, present, and future of virtual and augmented reality Authors: Douglas Lanman NVIDIA Research NVIDIA ResearchView Profile , Henry Fuchs UNC Chapel Hill UNC Chapel HillView Profile , Mark Mine Walt Disney Imagineering Walt Disney ImagineeringView Profile , Ian McDowall Intuitive Surgical, Fakespace Labs Intuitive Surgical, Fakespace LabsView Profile , Michael Abrash Oculus VR Oculus VRView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '14: ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 CoursesJuly 2014 Article No.: 12Pages 1–173https://doi.org/10.1145/2614028.2628332Online:27 July 2014Publication History 9citation2,127DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations9Total Downloads2,127Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Alkaloids from Croton species. Part X. Two new reduced proaporphine alkaloids (1970)

The new reduced proaporphine alkaloid jaculadine (4) from C. linearis Jacq. has been correlated with deoxyhexahydro-NO-diacetylcrotonosine (6) by reduction, and another new alkaloid, discolorine (11), has been isolated from C. discolor Willd.
Formation of acylruthenium promoted by coordination of AlMe3 to (η4-cyclopentadienone)Ru(CO)3 (2008)

The reaction of AlMe(3) with (eta(4)-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone)Ru(CO)(3) leads to rapid and quantitative formation of an adduct arising from coordination of the enone oxygen to aluminium, which undergoes alkylation at the Ru(CO)(3) moiety to give (eta(5)-C(4)Ph(4)C(OAlMe(2)))Ru(CO)(2)(COMe) concomitant with a change of hapticity of the dienone ligand.
Computationally Derived Image Signature of Stromal Morphology Is Prognostic of Prostate Cancer Recurrence Following Prostatectomy in African American Patients (2020)

Our results suggest that considering population-specific information and stromal morphology has the potential to substantially improve accuracy of prognosis and risk stratification in AA patients with prostate cancer.
Scanning tunneling microscopy study of single molecule motion on the Si(100)-2×1 surface (2005)

Room temperature ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to characterize the motion of individual organic molecules on the Si(100)-2×1 surface. In particular, 4-methoxystyrene molecules are observed to translate laterally on the surface during UHV STM imaging. Switching between the two most favored conformations occurs on the time scale of 0.1–1 s. On the other hand, styrene molecules imaged under identical conditions are not observed to undergo lateral translations, thus suggesting that the rotational freedom of the methoxy group is enabling the apparent motion of 4-methoxystyrene. To test this hypothesis, the rotational freedom of the methoxy group was eliminated by synthesizing an analog molecule (5-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran) where the methoxy group was covalently linked back to the aromatic ring. UHV STM studies of 5-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran confirm the expected suppression of molecular motion. Overall, this study suggests that the motion of surface-mounted adsorbates can be controlled by engineering intramolecular rotational degrees of freedom.
Identification of a functional luciferase gene in the non‐luminous diurnal firefly, Lucidina biplagiata (2010)

We isolated a luciferase gene (LbLuc) from the non-luminous diurnal firefly, Lucidina biplagiata, with high similarity to that from the nocturnal firefly, Photinus pyralis. The recombinant LbLuc showed luminescence activity comparable to that of the luciferases from P. pyralis and Luciola cruciata. To understand the non-luminosity of L. biplagiata, we determined the amount of luciferase in the adult specimen using the luciferin-luciferase reaction and found that the content of luciferase in L. biplagiata was estimated to be only 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. As previously reported, the content of luciferin in L. biplagiata was less than 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. Thus, the non-luminosity of L. biplagiata might be explained by low levels of both luciferase and luciferin.
High Speed Silicon optical modulators (2011)

In this paper we describe two silicon based optical modulators that have been fabricated as part of two projects in which the Surrey group is involved, the “UK Silicon Photonics project” funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), and the European “HELIOS” project funded by the European Union. The modulators exploit the carrier depletion effect in MZI structures, but have different advantages and disadvantages. One has a performance that is close to polarisation independence, whilst the other demonstrates a very high extinction ratio for a 40Gb/s silicon modulator. Both are shown to operate at 40Gb/s.
Private Line Emulation VPWS Signalling (2000)

This document specifies the mechanisms to signal Virtual Private Wire
Services (VPWS) carrying bit-stream signals over Packet Switched
Networks (PSN).
Control the Flow: How to Safely Compose Streaming Services into Business Processes (2006)

Although workflow languages are widely used for composing discrete services, these are not suitable for stream based interactions. In this paper we address the problem of how to extend a conventional Web service composition language with the ability to deal with data streaming services. The paper discusses several modeling alternatives and presents a marker based semantics for safely dealing with pipelined processing in service compositions. The paper also presents application examples that illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach
Secure wireless collection and distribution of commercial airplane health data (2007)

The introduction of wireless communication capabilities supporting transfer of sensor data and information on board commercial airplanes as well as between airplanes and supporting ground systems has the potential to significantly improve the safety and efficiency of air travel. The benefits, however, come at the cost of information security vulnerabilities introduced by data networks. Regulatory institutions, including the FAA, are aware that security requirements for network- enabled airplanes must be fully identified. Therefore, this paper focuses on wireless airplane health monitoring and management, and contributes a security framework to identify threats and system requirements to mitigate these threats. We also present challenges and open problems in enabling secure use of wireless sensor networks for health monitoring and control of commercial airplanes.
Biomechanical and Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Lesser Tuberosity Repair Technique in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (2005)

Ponce, Brent A. MD; Ahluwalia, Raj S. MD; Mazzocca, Augustus D. MD; Gobezie, Reuben G. MD; Warner, Jon J.P. MD; Millett, Peter J. MD, MSC Author Information
The Respiratory Pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis Targets Collagen for Maximal Adherence to Host Tissues (2016)

The respiratory tract pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis adheres to the host by interacting with several components, including the ECM. Collagen accounts for 30% of total body proteins, and therefore, bacterial adherence to abundant host collagens mediates bacterial persistence and colonization. In this study, we characterized previously unknown M. catarrhalis-dependent interactions with host collagens and found that the trimeric autotransporter adhesins ubiquitous surface protein A2(UspA2) and UspA2H are highly important. Our observations also suggested that collagen-mediated adherence ofM. catarrhalis is indispensable for bacterial survival in the host, as exemplified by a mouse COPD model.
Annotation of putative circadian rhythm-associated genes in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) (2022)

The circadian rhythm involves multiple genes that generate an internal molecular clock, allowing organisms to anticipate environmental conditions produced by the Earth's rotation on its axis. Here, we present the results of the manual curation of 27 genes that are associated with circadian rhythm in the genome of <i>Diaphorina citri,</i> the Asian citrus psyllid. This insect is the vector for the bacterial pathogen <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (<i>C</i>Las), the causal agent of citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing). This disease severely affects citrus industries and has drastically decreased crop yields worldwide. Based on <i>cry1</i> and <i>cry2</i> identified in the psyllid genome, <i>D. citri</i> likely possesses a circadian model similar to the lepidopteran butterfly, <i>Danaus plexippus</i>. Manual annotation will improve the quality of circadian rhythm gene models, allowing the future development of molecular therapeutics, such as RNA interference or antisense technologies, to target these genes to disrupt the psyllid biology.
Sociology and sociologists : part of the solution or part of the problem? (2008)

This paper tackles the thorny issue of the place of the discipline in contemporary society. In particular, it examines the structural constraints that impact on the work we do as a profession. Those concerned with the area covered by RC05, for example, normally express commitment to an emancipatory project that seeks to empower those subject to oppressive forces & strive towards broader societal change. Indeed, this is enshrined in the RC05 mission statement. But what does this mean in practice? To what extent is our sphere of influence constrained by external forces, not least institutional monitoring/assessment regimes which are increasing central to modes/systems of state control? Does this ultimately mean that we flatter to deceive (ourselves as well as our ‘subjects’)?
Development of a Fluorogenic Probe-Based PCR Assay for Detection of Bacillus cereus in Nonfat Dry Milk (2000)

A fluorogenic probe-based PCR assay was developed and evaluated for its utility in detecting Bacillus cereus in nonfat dry milk. Regions of the hemolysin and cereolysin AB genes from an initial group of two B. cereus isolates and two Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were cloned and sequenced. Three single-base differences in two B. cereus strains were identified in the cereolysin AB gene at nucleotides 866, 875, and 1287, while there were no species-consistent differences found in the hemolysin gene. A fluorogenic probe-based PCR assay was developed which utilizes the 5'-to-3' exonuclease of Taq polymerase, and two fluorogenic probes were evaluated. One fluorogenic probe (cerTAQ-1) was designed to be specific for the nucleotide differences at bases 866 and 875 found in B. cereus. A total of 51 out of 72 B. cereus strains tested positive with the cerTAQ-1 probe, while only 1 out of 5 B. thuringiensis strains tested positive. Sequence analysis of the negative B. cereus strains revealed additional polymorphism found in the cereolysin probe target. A second probe (cerTAQ-2) was designed to account for additional polymorphic sequences found in the cerTAQ-1-negative B. cereus strains. A total of 35 out of 39 B. cereus strains tested positive (including 10 of 14 previously negative strains) with cerTAQ-2, although the assay readout was uniformly lower with this probe than with cerTAQ-1. A PCR assay using cerTAQ-1 was able to detect approximately 58 B. cereus CFU in 1 g of artificially contaminated nonfat dry milk. Forty-three nonfat dry milk samples were tested for the presence of B. cereus with the most-probable-number technique and the fluorogenic PCR assay. Twelve of the 43 samples were contaminated with B. cereus at levels greater than or equal to 43 CFU/g, and all 12 of these samples tested positive with the fluorogenic PCR assay. Of the remaining 31 samples, 12 were B. cereus negative and 19 were contaminated with B. cereus at levels ranging from 3 to 9 CFU/g. All 31 of these samples were negative in the fluorogenic PCR assay. Although not totally inclusive, the PCR-based assay with cerTAQ-1 is able to specifically detect B. cereus in nonfat dry milk.
Optimal Control of Wireless Computing Networks (2017)

Augmented information (AgI) services allow users to consume information that results from the execution of a chain of service functions that process source information to create real-time augmented value. Applications include real-time analysis of remote sensing data, real-time computer vision, personalized video streaming, and augmented reality, among others. We consider the problem of optimal distribution of AgI services over a wireless computing network, in which nodes are equipped with both communication and computing resources. We characterize the wireless computing network capacity region and design a joint flow scheduling and resource allocation algorithm that stabilizes the underlying queuing system while achieving a network cost arbitrarily close to the minimum, with a tradeoff in network delay. Our solution captures the unique chaining and flow scaling aspects of AgI services, while exploiting the use of the broadcast approach coding scheme over the wireless channel.
Organization of Bridging Organics in Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas (PMOs)—Polarization Micro‐Raman Spectroscopy (2001)

Polarization micro-Raman spectroscopy (PMRS)shows that the spatial organization of bridge-bonded ethane, ethene, thiophene, and benzene groups housed “inside” the channel walls of oriented periodic mesoporous organosilica film (OPMOF) is random, endowing the structure with “crystalline porosity” at the mesoscale and a “glassy” organosilica framework at the microscale. The Figure shows an image of an oriented mesoporous thiophene–silica film.
Multi-Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Encapsulation Entities for Multifaceted Topical Drug Delivery Applications (2019)

This chapter aims to highlight the application of cyclodextrins in topical drug delivery and how their benefits can be modified through the formulation of multi-cyclodextrin entities. Topical delivery systems are one of the most popular applications of controlled, encapsulated drug delivery platforms. Multi-cyclodextrin entities are amphiphilic cyclodextrin derivatives that are formed through the assembly of cyclodextrin molecules. They possess unique mechanical and stimuli-responsive properties and significant drug encapsulation and controlled release features. Carboxylated Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges have been synthesized and used in the oral delivery of acyclovir, an antiviral drug used to treat herpes simplex virus. Cyclodextrin-based polymers were the first of the supramolecular architectures to be fabricated. They are chemically linked cyclodextrin molecules produced using cross-linking agents such as epichlorohydrin or modification with other polymers. Polyrotaxanes are synthesized through the threading of cyclodextrin molecules on linear inclusion compounds and/or the rotaxanation of pseudopolyrotaxanes.
PLASMON MODES IN METAL NANOWIRES AND LEFT-HANDED MATERIALS (2002)

The electromagnetic field distribution for thin metal nanowires is found, by using the discrete dipole approximation. The plasmon polariton modes in wires are numerically simulated. These modes are found to be dependent on the incident light wavelength and direction of propagation. The existence of localized plasmon modes and strong local field enhancement in percolation nanowire composites is demonstrated. Novel left-handed materials in the near-infrared and visible are proposed based on nanowire composites.
Resonant Raman scattering and the zone-folded electronic structure in single-wall nanotubes (1998)

Resonant Raman scattering from optical phonons in single-wall nanotubes of mean diameter 1.1 nm has been measured for incident laser beams with wavelength between 450 and 800 nm. The scattering intensities exhibit anomalies in the vicinity of 690 nm, there being a minimum in the longitudinal components and a maximum in the transverse. Our optical-transmission measurement also exhibits a dip in the same photon energy range. The anomalies are caused by the incident laser beam resonant with the zone-folded electronic structures in nanotubes. These results provide direct experimental evidence of the critical point in the density of states produced by the cylindrical symmetry of nanotubes.
Characterisation of photonic crystal fibre (1999)

We report measurements of first- and second-order dispersion and wavelength-dependent beam divergence in single-mode Photonic Crystal Fibre. These results show good agreement with the published model of wave propagation in this novel waveguiding medium.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Benzylic Sulfonamides: Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation and Sulfonamide Metathesis. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A High Temperature Frequency Signal Conditioning Unit for Aeronautical Rotating Systems (2016)

This paper covers the development and testing of a high temperature signal conditioning unit capable of sensing wide dynamic range signals from rotating sensors. The unit includes a current peak detector block, a digital pulse generator, ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection and generates an output current proportional to the peak value of the applied input signal. The digital data from the unit can be directly utilized by the FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) system or the EHMS (Engine Health Monitoring System) on an aeroengine. The mixed signal unit presented in this paper was designed and fabricated on 1 μm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) technology and has been shown to function up to 235 ° Celsius with very high linearity of the output signal. This is the highest operating temperature of an integrated signal conditioning unit developed for a civil aircraft. The mixed signal unit was mounted on a high temperature hybrid module and helps reducing the weight of the aeroengine by several kilograms.