gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Boundary Curvature of Quantized Shapes: a Method Based on Smoothing Spline Approximation. (1985)

A robust method for the measurement of boundary curvature of quantized shapes based on smoothing spline approximation is presented. The method is capable of preserving the useful properties of the curvature as a function of arc length by providing accurate measures of curvature despite the presence of noise, variable resolution, or partial occlusion. Derivation of the discrete function representing the curvature as a function of arc length from a digital curve obtained as a result of quantization of a continuous contour on a square grid involves two basic problems; (1) measurement of the arc length, and (2) estimation of the first and second order derivatives of the contour from discrete, noisy samples. Both problems are investigated and solutions are presented. A contour resampling algorithm based on variable-factor interpolation, and decimation is discussed and its performance is evaluated. It is shown that the output of the resampling algorithm outperforms the original digital curve in terms of the average and maximum error in the measurement of length by 50 and 73 percent respectively. The optimal properties of the smoothing spline for the estimation of derivatives from discrete, noisy data are exploited in order to compute the derivatives. Effective application of the smoothing spline approximation requires the determination of the optimal degree of smoothing. Predictive sample reuse methodology is employed to devise an automatic algorithm for the estimation of the optimal degree of smoothing from the data. Several suggestions for increasing the computational efficiency of the algorithm are discussed. A non-uniform decimation algorithm for selecting a subset of samples used for the computation of the smoothing spline is presented. The algorithm is used to reduce the time required to compute the smoothing spline approximation, but it also serves to reduce the effects of systematic errors introduced by quantization. Experimental results of the application of the algorithm to quantized contours with variable orientation and scale are presented.
On the Capacity of Network Coding for Random Networks (2005)

We study the maximum flow possible between a single-source and multiple terminals in a weighted random graph (modeling a wired network) and a weighted random geometric graph (modeling an ad-hoc wireless network) using network coding. For the weighted random graph model, we show that the network coding capacity concentrates around the expected number of nearest neighbors of the source and the terminals. Specifically, for a network with a single source, l terminals, and n relay nodes such that the link capacities between any two nodes is independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) /spl sim/X, the maximum flow between the source and the terminals is approximately nE[X] with high probability. For the weighted random geometric graph model where two nodes are connected if they are within a certain distance of each other we show that with high probability the network coding capacity is greater than or equal to the expected number of nearest neighbors of the node with the least coverage area.
Hemodynamic Progression of Adult Valvular Aortic Stenosis (1986)

Hemodynamic progression of valvular aortic stenosis was studied in 54 patients who had serial cardiac catheterizations. There were 47 men and 7 women with a mean age of 61.2 years. The time interval between studies was 4.4 years (range, 0.4-12.2). Associated coronary artery disease was present in 37 patients (69%). The initial mean aortic valve area (Hakki's formula) was 1.26 cm2 (range, 0.66-2.85), and the aortic valve area at last follow-up was 0.77 cm2 (range, 0.29-1.95), with mean reduction of 0.49 cm2. The mean peak systolic gradient increased from 23.3 +/- 15.1 mm Hg at initial study to 52.6 +/- 27.5 mm Hg at last study, a mean increase of 29.3 +/- 23.6 mm Hg. Patients with no or mild left ventricular impairment and no or mild coronary artery disease are more likely to have progression than patients with more severe left ventricular impairment or coronary artery disease (P less than 0.05). Aortic valve replacement for progressive aortic stenosis was required at a later date after coronary artery bypass grafting in a small group of nine patients. In this small group, there was high intraoperative mortality of 33%.
Effects of Polyphenols from Grape Seeds on Renal Lithiasis (2015)

Nephrolithiasis is a complex disease that results from a combination of factors related to both urine composition and kidney morphoanatomy. Development of calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary calculi is linked to initial subepithelial calcification of renal papilla. Progressive tissue calcification depends on preexisting injury and involves reactive oxygen species. Many plant extracts that protect against oxidative stress manifest antilithiasic activity. Our study focused on determining the effects of polyphenols on a lithiasis rat model. Rats were pretreated with polyphenols and grape seed extracts, followed by posterior induction of hyperoxalosis via treatment with ethylene glycol plus NH4Cl. The concentrations of calcium and other elements in kidney were determined, along with histological examination of kidney and 24 h urine analysis. Significant differences were observed in the renal calcium content between the control plus ethylene glycol-treated group and the epicatechin plus ethylene glycol-treated, red grape seed extract plus ethylene glycol-treated, and white grape seed extract plus ethylene glycol-treated groups, with reductions of about 50%. The antioxidant activity of polyphenols extracted from red and white grape seeds may be critical in the prevention of calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary calculus formation, particularly if calculi are induced by lesions caused by cytotoxic compounds with oxidative capacity.
Nondegenerate two-photon absorption spectra of organic materials (2004)

Nondegenerate two-photon absorption spectra of organic molecules have been taken using our femtosecond continuum nonlinear spectrometer. This data shows interesting structure/property relations in addition to resonance enhancement of the third-order nonlinearity which is consistent with simple models.
Renal Hemodynamics in AKI: In Search of New Treatment Targets (2016)

Novel therapeutic interventions are required to prevent or treat AKI. To expedite progress in this regard, a consensus conference held by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative was convened in April of 2014 to develop recommendations for research priorities and future directions. Here, we highlight the concepts related to renal hemodynamics in AKI that are likely to reveal new treatment targets on investigation. Overall, we must better understand the interactions between systemic, total renal, and glomerular hemodynamics, including the role of tubuloglomerular feedback. Furthermore, the net consequences of therapeutic maneuvers aimed at restoring glomerular filtration need to be examined in relation to the nature, magnitude, and duration of the insult. Additionally, microvascular blood flow heterogeneity in AKI is now recognized as a common occurrence; timely interventions to preserve the renal microcirculatory flow may interrupt the downward spiral of injury toward progressive kidney failure and should, therefore, be investigated. Finally, development of techniques that permit an integrative physiologic approach, including direct visualization of renal microvasculature and measurement of oxygen kinetics and mitochondrial function in intact tissue in all nephron segments, may provide new insights into how the kidney responds to various injurious stimuli and allow evaluation of new therapeutic strategies.
Insights into a putative polychaete-gastropod symbiosis from a newly identified annelid worm that predates upon Conus ermineus eggs (2023)

Abstract Cone snails are a diverse group of venomous marine gastropods that have dioecious reproduction and internal fertilization resulting in egg deposition inside capsules. However, the observational studies conducted on their spawning behaviour and egg masses have left many open questions. Here, we analyse egg masses from a specimen of Conus ermineus kept in captivity for over 17 years. We present the first detailed description of the morphological features of the egg capsules and eggs (e.g., egg shape, size, and colour). The analysis of these capsules led us to the identification of a dinophilid worm (Polychaeta: Dinophilidae) living inside the snail egg capsules and likely feeding upon the snail eggs. This is the first report of such behaviours among dinophilids. Our analysis suggests that these worms belong to a new species, here described as Dimorphilus oophagus sp. nov., supported by both molecular and morphological data. Finally, we discuss the possibility of a putative symbiotic relationship between the worm and the snail.
All-speed-range drive for surface permanent magnet synchronous motors by combined use of two position sensorless methods (2014)

A new position sensorless method is proposed for surface permanent magnet synchronous motors in all speed regions. In this method, two sensorless methods are switched in accordance with the rotating speed. In low speed regions, an Induced Voltage caused by a Magnetic Saturation (IVMS) based method is used. This method is switched to a back EMF based sinusoidal current method at a medium or high speed. Some control blocks are commonly used for both methods. Therefore, the methods can be switched smoothly and rapidly. The basic idea and the experimental results are described.
Aromatic Esters of Bicyclic Amines as Antimicrobials against Streptococcus pneumoniae (2015)

A double approach was followed in the search of novel inhibitors of the surface choline-binding proteins (CBPs) of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) with antimicrobial properties. First, a library of 49 rationally-designed esters of alkyl amines was screened for their specific binding to CBPs. The best binders, being esters of bicyclic amines (EBAs), were then tested for their in vitro effect on pneumococcal growth and morphology. Second, the efficiency of EBA-induced CBP inhibition was enhanced about 45,000-fold by multivalency effects upon synthesizing a poly(propylene imine) dendrimer containing eight copies of an atropine derivative. Both approaches led to compounds that arrest bacterial growth, dramatically decrease cell viability, and exhibit a protection effect in animal disease models, demonstrating that the pneumococcal CBPs are adequate targets for the discovery of novel antimicrobials that overcome the currently increasing antimicrobial resistance issues.
Data from Synergistic Antitumor Effects of Combined Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Targeted Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Combination therapies that target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) pathways, are being actively tested for the treatment of cancer. In evaluating combination strategies, the ideal combination would be one in which the treatments interact in a way that is synergistic with regard to antitumor effects. Here, we have evaluated the interaction between anti-EGFR antibody Erbitux (cetuximab) and anti-VEGFR2 antibody, DC101, in preclinical models of pancreatic (BxPC-3) and colon (GEO) cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Analysis of the interaction between cetuximab and DC101 &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; used a novel method for establishing the upper 95% confidence limits for the combination index (CI) of isobologram analyses, where CI &lt; 1 indicates synergy. Assessment of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, VEGF production, and hypoxia, as well as tumor vascularization, was performed to gain insights into the mechanistic basis for synergy between agents targeting different tumor compartments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Monotherapy ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for tumor growth inhibition ranged from 1.8 to 2.3 mg/kg and 10.5 to 16.6 mg/kg for cetuximab and DC101, respectively. From the dose response of the combination treatment, it was determined that cetuximab and DC101 are synergistic in the BxPC-3 (CI = 0.1, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and GEO (CI = 0.1, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) models. Overlapping effects on the tumor cell and vascular compartments form a basis for the interaction, with VEGF production and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α potentially acting as molecular links between EGFR and VEGFR2 inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Results show antitumor synergy for combined EGFR and VEGFR2 targeted therapy, supporting the significant therapeutic potential of this combination strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Performance analysis of cooperative control between CSO on CRE and transmission power for pico-eNB in HetNet (2014)

This paper presents a new type of heterogeneous network (HetNet) with the intention of achieving both good user throughput performance and lower system power consumption, which cooperatively controls both cell selection offset (CSO) on the cell range expansion (CRE) and the transmission power for pico-eNB (PeNB TP). Average user throughput and the cell edge user throughput are provided as parameters of PeNB TP and several value of CSO by system level computer simulation. It is shown that the lower power for PeNB with a higher CSO provides the same performance as the higher power for PeNB with a lower CSO. This strategy has great potential for advanced HetNet breaking the status quo in future mobile communication systems however this paper is still in the preliminary stage.
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Fumarate Hydratase (FH) and Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) in Cutaneous Leiomyomas for Detection of Familial Cancer Syndromes (2017)

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is caused by germline mutations in the FH gene, and is associated with increased incidence of leiomyomas and a potentially aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC-associated RCC). Absent immunohistochemical expression of fumarate hydratase (FH) has previously been used to diagnose HLRCC-associated RCC, but immunohistochemical staining of leiomyomas is not standard practice. We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on whole sections from consecutive cutaneous leiomyomas from our archives to evaluate for both FH and succinate dehydrogenase B expression, in addition to clinicopathologic data collection and review of all hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides for blinded morphologic evaluation of features reported to be seen in HLRCC-associated uterine leiomyomas. Ninety-six cutaneous leiomyomas from 87 patients were identified; 12 of these specimens were from 7 patients with documented HLRCC. FH expression by IHC was absent in 9 specimens and retained in 85 specimens; 2 cases were equivocal with minimal FH expression. Seven of the 9 absent expression specimens were from patients with HLRCC, as were both of the equivocal specimens. The overall sensitivity and specificity of absent FH expression in leiomyomas for detection of patients with HLRCC were 70.0% and 97.6%, respectively. Inclusion of cases classified as equivocal increased sensitivity to 75.0%. Succinate dehydrogenase B expression was retained in 95 specimens and equivocal in 1 specimen. None of the evaluated morphologic features showed any association with leiomyomas in HLRCC. Loss of FH immunohistochemical expression in cutaneous leiomyomas is a sensitive and specific marker for detection of HLRCC, thus suggesting a role for prospective FH IHC in patients with these tumors to screen for HLRCC.
Time-resolved observation of stopping optical pulses by dynamic Q control of a photonic-crystal nanocavity (2009)

We directly observe the temporal behaviour of optical pulses as we catch and release them by dynamic Q-factor control of a photonic-crystal nanocavity.
Frequency independent features of self-similar fractal antennas (2002)

One of the fundamental properties of classical frequency independent antennas is their ability to retain the same shape under certain scaling transformations. More recently, it has been demonstrated that this self-similar property is also shared by many fractals. The framework for a more general theoretical treatment of frequency-independent antennas is established in this paper. This generalization of frequency-independent antenna theory is accomplished by removing the restrictions imposed by a past reliance on classical Euclidean geometry in favor of adopting a more modern fractal geometric interpretation. Of particular interest in this paper is the application of this new theory of self-similar fractal radiators to the development of a multiband linear array design methodology for which the directive gain is a log-periodic function of frequency.
Improving And Distributing Key Management On Mobile Networks (2018)

We address the problem of mobile network key management and authentication that negatively affects the handoff performance, adds overhead to the system in terms of key exchange signaling, authentication, and key distribution. We aim to improve the efficiency of the key management subsystem and to reduce investment pressure on core network elements. We address all these problems successfully. Our novel SKC key management mechanism is the best key management mechanism among the ones we found in reducing signaling load from the KD and making the mobility system independent of the AP-KD link delay. It is a significant contribution to the mobile network key management with fast handoffs when separate keys for APs are required and has many useful applications. &#13;\n Our novel receiver and sender ID binding protocol with symmetric keys is new and shows analogy with Identity Based Cryptography. It is a generalization of the identity binding that SKC is using. Furthermore, our distributed AAA architecture with SKC, certificates, and hardware-based security is a disruptive proposal and show how the mobile network KD can be distributed to the edge nodes. &#13;\n Our quantitative analysis and comparison of SKC and LTE key management is new and not seen before. Our research affected the LTE Security standardization and contributes to the research and development of home base stations, community and municipal Wi-Fi access points.
Keypoint Transformer: Solving Joint Identification in Challenging Hands and Object Interactions for Accurate 3D Pose Estimation (2021)

We propose a robust and accurate method for estimating the 3D poses of two hands in close interaction from a single color image. This is a very challenging problem, as large occlusions and many confusions between the joints may happen. State-of-the-art methods solve this problem by regressing a heatmap for each joint, which requires solving two problems simultaneously: localizing the joints and recognizing them. In this work, we propose to separate these tasks by relying on a CNN to first localize joints as 2D keypoints, and on self-attention between the CNN features at these keypoints to associate them with the corresponding hand joint. The resulting architecture, which we call "Keypoint Transformer", is highly efficient as it achieves state-of-the-art performance with roughly half the number of model parameters on the InterHand2.6M dataset. We also show it can be easily extended to estimate the 3D pose of an object manipulated by one or two hands with high performance. Moreover, we created a new dataset of more than 75,000 images of two hands manipulating an object fully annotated in 3D and will make it publicly available.
Cover Image (2020)

Cover Caption: The cover image is based on the Original Article Lymphatic-to-Blood Vessel Transition in Adult Microvascular Networks: A Discovery Made Possible by a Top-Down Approach to Biomimetic Model Development by Walter Murfee et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12595.
Chiral, non-C2 symmetric zirconocene complexes as catalysts for stereoregular .alpha.-olefin polymerization (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral, non-C2 symmetric zirconocene complexes as catalysts for stereoregular .alpha.-olefin polymerizationMichael A. Giardello, Moris S. Eisen, Charlotte L. Stern, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8, 3326–3327Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00061a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00061a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A few recent developments in nano-photonics (Conference Presentation) (Withdrawal Notice) (2019)

Publisher’s Note: This conference presentation, originally published on 9 September 2019 was withdrawn on 29 October 2019 per author request.
A Medium-Voltage Current Source Inverter for Synchronous Electrostatic Drives (2021)

Macro scale synchronous electrostatic machines (SEMs) require medium voltage (5kV) and high fundamental frequencies (high pole number ~ 96) to be competitive with traditional electromagnetic machines. This paper focuses on the design, modeling, and characterization of a medium voltage current source inverter hardware platform to meet the low current and high frequency requirements of SEMs. The inverter stage utilizes JFET super cascodes for the medium voltage switches. A full-bridge front end regulates the necessary dc-link current and provides some of the voltage gain from the low voltage dc input. A sensitivity analyses shows that the system losses have a quadratic dependence on output voltage and a linear dependence on switching frequency and dc-link current. Minimal dependence on output power and fundamental frequency were measured. Averaged modeling shows a right-half-plane pole exists for the dc-link control. Two methods for stabilizing the machine drive were proposed and validated. Active damping via virtual resistance on the dc link was used to shift the pole to the left half plane. The second method utilizes q-axis voltage decoupling to remove the voltage disturbance of the inverter controller on the dc-link current. The impacts on system stability and disturbance rejection were measured and correlate with modeling.