gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence distribution and its effect on glass transition temperatures of poly(anhydride-co-imides) containing asymmetric monomers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSequence distribution and its effect on glass transition temperatures of poly(anhydride-co-imides) containing asymmetric monomersAndrea Staubli, Edith Mathiowitz, and Robert LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 9, 2291–2298Publication Date (Print):April 29, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 29 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00009a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00009a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The genetic landscape of clinical resistance to RAF inhibition in melanoma. (2013)

11009 Background: Although single-agent RAF inhibition has proved effective in metastatic BRAF V600 -mutant melanoma, most patients relapse and some are intrinsically resistant. While several genetic resistance effectors have been identified, a comprehensive assessment of the genetic resistance spectrum in a large patient cohort may further inform resistance patterns and treatment strategies. Methods: Pre-treatment and post-relapse biopsies were obtained from BRAF V600 melanoma patients treated with vemurafenib or dabrafenib. Whole exome sequencing of tumor and normal samples was performed to identify exome-wide mutations, insertion/deletions, and chromosomal copy number alterations. Since somatic allelic fraction comparisons across treatment time points must account for variable stromal admixture between biopsies, novel algorithms were applied to impute purity and tumor cell ploidy, thus determining the “cancer cell fraction” (CCF) of each alteration. Those with enriched CCF in post-relapse samples were nominated as potential resistance effectors. Results: 30 patients (towards a goal of 77) were sequenced to a mean depth of 145-fold coverage. In acquired resistance patients (on drug ≥ 12 weeks, n=18), NRAS Q61R (28%) and BRAF amplifications (6%) were observed. The remaining patients had multiple clonally enriched alterations in the post-relapse tumors that may drive resistance, including MEK1 mutations at residues previously noted in an in vitro mutagenesis screen for vemurafenib resistance. In the intrinsic resistance cohort (on drug &lt; 12 weeks, n=12), multiple putative resistance mutations not previously observed in the setting of acquired resistance were identified. Conclusions: In addition to reported genetic resistance mechanisms, we identified new MEK1 mutations in resistant samples. For the majority of patients (67%) without events in these genes, computational algorithms identified new candidate drivers of RAF inhibitor resistance. Alterations that predict intrinsic or acquired resistance may also inform new approaches to melanoma therapy. Future studies incorporating longitudinal biopsies and genetic profiling will underpin a robust assessment of clinical resistance in melanoma and other cancers.
Clinical presentation of GB-C virus i&&ion hepatitis C in drug abusers with chronic (1997)

and HCV RNA levels nor serum liver function tests, titers of immunoglobulins or autoantibodies differed between the two groups. Histologically, chronic active hepatitis (16.7 vs. 46.4%, p=O.O7), fibrosis (8.3% vs. 21.4%, p=O.3), and cirrhosis (0% vs. 8.2%, p=O.31) were less prevalent in coinfected patients. After interferon treatment, 516 coinfected and 11/19 patients with hepatitis C virus infection alone had cleared HCV RNA and 4/6 lost GBVC RNA from serum. The two patients with GBV-UHCV infection who persistently cleared hepatitis C virus but not GBV-C from serum had normal transaminases during follow-up despite persistence of GBV-C. Conclusions: Coinfection of chronic hepatitis C patients with GBV-C does not lead to a significant change in clinical presentation, severity of liver disease, hepatitis C viremia, or response to interferon treatment.
Extension of the near acoustic field of a jet to the far field (2010)

The problem of extending the near acoustic field of a high-speed jet to the far field is considered. This is akin to the problem of analytic continuation in complex variable. Analytic continuation is the extension of an analytic function in a limited domain to a larger domain. The general continuation problem involving acoustic sources enclosed by a surface is first analyzed. It is shown that a unique continuation to the far field is possible provided either the pressure or the pressure gradient normal to the surface is given on the surface. In this paper, the continuation is carried out by means of an adjoint Green’s function. One significant advantage of using adjoint Green’s function is that for a given direction of radiation, one is required to solve only a single acoustic scattering problem. Because the present method requires measuring only the fluctuation pressure on the bounding surface whereas other popular methods such as the Kirchhoff integral method or the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equation requires measuring three or more variables, it appears that the present method has definite advantage when it is used to extend an experimentally measured near acoustic field to the far field.
Performance evaluation of the UCL Compton camera (2010)

An ongoing project is being carried out to develop a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) Compton camera for medical applications. The Compton camera offers many potential advantages over other imaging modalities used in nuclear medicine. These advantages include a wide field of view, the ability to reconstruct 3D images without tomography, and the fact that the camera can have a portable lightweight design due to absence of heavy collimation. In this paper, the imaging performance of the University College London (UCL) HPGe Compton camera has been experimentally evaluated and reported. The imaging performance with different gamma-ray source energies was evaluated. The measured angular resolutions are 4.2°, 3.5°, and 2.8° ± 0.4 for 356, 511 and 662 keV gamma-ray energies respectively. Images have been taken of a variety of test objects, including line and circular source distributions. This paper summaries the results to date and present the current state of the camera performance.
Remotely Up-Converted 20-Gbit/s Error-Free Wireless On–Off-Keying Data Transmission at W-Band Using an Ultra-Wideband Photonic Transmitter-Mixer (2011)

We demonstrate a remotely up-converted and distributed 20-Gbit/s wireless on-off-keying (OOK) data transmission link at the W-band that uses a near-ballistic uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (NBUTC-PD)-based photonic transmitter-mixer. This device consists of an active NBUTC-PD integrated with a planar passive circuit for feeding the intermediate-frequency (IF) modulation input and extracting the up-converted optical-to-electrical (O-E) output signals. An equivalent-circuit model is developed, which allows for the O-E and IF responses to be independently optimized. Accordingly, we can achieve both an ultra-wide O-E bandwidth (67-118 GHz) and IF modulation bandwidth (>;15 GHz) with a very-low coupling loss (<; 2 dB) from the NBUTC-PD to the WR-10 waveguide. We adopted a remotely distributed 1-ps optical pulse train source with a repetition rate at 93 GHz to serve as a high-performance photonic carrier, which is generated by a spectral line-by-line shaper utilizing the repetition-rate multiplication (RRM) technique. In contrast to lossy amplitude filtering, our RRM is based on applying periodic loss-less spectral phase filtering onto the 31-GHz comb lines. In comparison with the conventional 93-GHz sinusoidal carrier, the photogenerated millimeter-wave (MMW) power of this kind of carrier is 4 dB higher than that of PD under the same output photocurrent. In contrast to the traditional mode-locked laser, the fiber dispersion can be totally precompensated without additional dispersion compensation components. By use of such device and optical MMW source, we successfully demonstrate remotely distributed and up-converted 20-Gbit/s error-free OOK wireless data transmission link over a 25-km standard single-mode fiber.
A Survey of Load Balancers in Modern Multi-Threading Systems (1999)

Multithreaded architectures are a feasible approach to exploit parallelism in both regular and irregular applications. Today a large collection of multi-threading architectures with different threaded models, and implementation platforms are available. These architectures provide support for multithreading either at hardware level, with customized functional units, or at the software level, as emulators written in some high-level language. The later approach is usually prefered because of its favorable price tag, speed of development, and portability. In this article we review some of these architectures focusing in their capabilities to provide load balancing for irregular, data-parallel and recursive applications. The paper is anchored on a description of our own implementation of load balancers for EARTH - Efficient Architecture for Running Threads. Most of the multithreading architectures that we review are software emulations based on off-the-shelf hardware and compiler technologies.
Eleven-Year Field Study of Pu Migration from Pu III, IV, and VI Sources (2005)

Understanding the processes controlling Pu mobility in the subsurface environment is important for estimating the amount of Pu waste that can be safely disposed in vadose zone burial sites. To study long-term Pu mobility, four 52-L lysimeters filled with sediment collected from the Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina were amended with well-characterized solid Pu sources (PuIIICl3, PuIV(NO3)4, PuIV(C2O4)2, and PuVIO2(NO3)2) and left exposed to natural precipitation for 2-11 years. Pu oxidation state distribution in the Pu(III) and Pu(IV) lysimeters sediments (a red clayey sediment, pH = 6.3) were similar, consisting of 0% Pu(III), >92% Pu(IV), 1% Pu(V), 1% Pu(VI), and the remainder was a Pu polymer. These three lysimeters also had near identical sediment Pu concentration profiles, where >95% of the Pu remained within 1.25 cm of the source after 11 years; the other 5% of Pu moved at an overall rate of 0.9 cm yr(-1). As expected, Pu moved more rapidly through the Pu(VI) lysimeter, at an overall rate of 12.5 cm yr(-1). Solute transport modeling of the sediment Pu concentration profile data in the Pu(VI) lysimeter indicated that some transformation of Pu into a much less mobile form, presumably Pu(IV), had occurred during the course of the two-year study. This modeling also supported previous laboratory measurements showing that Pu(V) or Pu(VI) reduction was 5 orders of magnitude faster than corresponding Pu(III) or Pu(IV) oxidation. The slow oxidation rate (1 x 10(-8) hr(-1); t1/2 = 8000 yr) was not discernible from the Pu(VI) lysimeter data that reflected only two years of transport butwas readily discernible from the Pu(III) and Pu(IV) lysimeter data that reflected 11 years of transport.
Development and preclinical evaluation of SEL-068, a novel targeted Synthetic Vaccine Particle ( t SVP™) for smoking cessation and relapse prevention that generates high titers of antibodies against nicotine (75.11) (2012)

Abstract Novel vaccine-based therapies provide new avenues for the treatment of chronic conditions such as addiction. Here we describe SEL-068, an entirely synthetic, self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine against nicotine for smoking cessation. SEL-068 is a targeted Synthetic Vaccine Particle (tSVP™) comprised of four main components: a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer matrix, a synthetic TLR agonist, a novel universal T cell helper peptide, and nicotine covalently conjugated to the nanoparticle surface (B cell antigen). The nanoparticles are designed to flow freely to the lymph nodes, enabling direct and concomitant delivery of all required components to the responsive cells of the immune system. Encapsulation and controlled release of the TLR agonist in the nanoparticle minimizes the generation of systemic inflammatory cytokines, improving the overall safety profile and enabling the use of novel adjuvants. The novel universal T cell helper peptide used in SEL-068 elicited T cell recall responses in PBMC from a broad panel of human donors. Immunization of mice with SEL-068 led to the generation of high titers of high affinity anti-nicotine antibodies. Rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys immunized with increasing doses of SEL-068 showed a robust and dose dependent induction of high titers of anti-nicotine antibodies with strong affinity to nicotine. No dose-limiting systemic toxicities were detected. SEL-068 is currently being evaluated in humans in Phase 1 clinical trials.
The effect of solvation on the conformation of freely jointed repulsive trimers (1994)

The effect of solvation on the conformation of a dense one-component fluid composed of freely jointed repulsive trimers is calculated theoretically and compared to results from computer simulation. All monomers in the fluid interact with one another via the purely repulsive, shifted–truncated Lennard-Jones potential. We are able to confirm an earlier suggestion that when the conformation of nonpolar flexible molecules is calculated with a site–site solvation potential and the reference interaction site model (RISM) theory, better results are obtained with the recently derived Percus–Yevick (PY) style solvation potential than the hypernetted-chain (HNC) style or Gaussian-fluctuation solvation potential. Interestingly, although RISM-based theory predicts well the general shape of the probability distribution of trimer conformations, it cannot recover a small feature observed in the simulations and expected on simple physical grounds. At high density, there are three preferred conformations of the trimer, corresponding to the three ways in which a flexible trimer can be fitted into a dense fluid with locally hexagonally close-packed (hcp) symmetry. RISM-based theories predict a preference for only two conformations of the trimer. To predict the preference for all three conformations, information about three-site correlations in the fluid must be incorporated into the theory. We present a theory that includes this information and is thereby capable of reproducing the results of our simulations.
Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia Coli Strains, Isolated from Urine Cultures in Laboratories of Kashmar, Iran (2017)

Background and Aims: Resistance of bacteria, causing urinary tract infections, is increasing with indiscriminate prescription of antibiotics. Such resistance has even emerged in stronger antibiotics. This study was performed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern in Escherichia coli (E coli) isolated in laboratories of Kashmar, with particular attention to
Study of optical vortex beam generated by fabricated optical wedge in continuous and polychromatic regimes (2007)

An optical wedge is reported to possess wavelength scalability in generation of optical vortex. The geometrical stability of the optical vortices generated by wedge at the focal vicinity in continuous and femtosecond regime is investigated.
Some light on the concept of unreactivity arising from active center association in anionic polymerizations (1994)

Abstract A long held assumption in hydrocarbon based anionic polymerization involving organolithiums is that the aggregated species are unreactive and thus serve only as reservoirs from which the active singlet species momentarily emerge to participate in the initiation or propagation events. This work demonstrates that contrary to the notion of aggregate dormancy such species can participate in monomer addition. The approach involved freeze‐dried vitrified polystyryllithium which was found to be reactive toward butadiene and methanol vapors. The sub‐glass transition state of the polystyryllithium eliminates the establishment of the aggregate: singlet equilibrium as a result of the inability of chains to undergo diffusion. Furthermore, it is shown that the lower bound gradient for the dependence of propagation rate on active center concentration, within experimental error, is about 1/5 for the majority of those diene systems where the active center concentration covers at least two decades. A computer evaluation of the propagation rate: active center data was done with the aim of testing and determining the equilibrium constants of these aggregated systems.
PRE-SAFE(super R) in Rear End Collision Situations (2009)

In 2002 the first bridge between active and passive automotive safety was built. The MY03 Benz S-Class was the first car in the world that implemented preventive measures for occupant protection which took effect before the actual impact occurred. Meanwhile the name Mercedes- Benz PRE-SAFE (super R) System became well known. Since then many other cars from various car manufacturers have adopted this principle of a natural protection reflex. In order to detect dangerous situations or upcoming accidents, various sensor systems are being used in these cars today. In addition to sensors that keep an eye on the driving dynamics or on the driver reaction, the use of radar sensors or cameras has become common during the past few years. Almost all of those systems observe the area in front of the car and therefore address situations with an increased risk for a frontal impact. Very few systems presented up to now are capable to look backwards and thus detect an imminent rear impact. This paper presents the Mercedes-Benz approach to integrate this type of into the PRE-SAFE (super R) System. The paper covers the issue of detecting collision objects on the basis of radar data. And it presents a cascade of precautionary actions that can improve occupant protection in rear-end situations. In particular, the purpose and benefit of a preventive increase of brake pressure is discussed, as well as taking into account further actuators such as a reversible seat belt pretensioner or an active headrest. In order to substantiate the benefit of such a system several evaluation charts on the reduction of the impact severity, the dummy loads and the estimated risk of whiplash injuries are included. Based on simulations there are also evaluations about the reduction of the accident radius and thus the risk of a secondary impact. Finally the question of an appropriate electronic architecture for such an integral safety system is touched upon. The full text of this paper may be found at: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/09-0129.pdf For the covering abstract see ITRD E145407.
Gesture-based Interaction for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities in India (2016)

Gesture-based interaction provides a multitude of benefits to individuals with disabilities, for example, enhancing social, motor and cognitive skills. However, applications that encourage self-efficacy by promoting a life-skill through simulations of real world scenarios are largely missing. We explore the benefits of using a gesture-based application for individuals with developmental disabilities. The context is a special school in New Delhi, Nai Disha, where we designed and developed an application, Kirana, that integrates arithmetic and social interaction to teach purchasing of items from a local grocery store. In our study, 18 participants with developmental disabilities, previously unable to visit a grocery store, used Kirana for three weeks. Our results indicate that gesture-based applications can teach a life skill and enable self-efficacy for individuals with developmental disabilities by breaking down complex tasks that require social, mathematical and decision-making skills.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid/Amino Acid Self-Assemblies (2014)

In this paper, we discuss the synthesis and self-assembling behavior of new copolymers derived from fatty acid/amino acid components, namely dimers of linoleic acid (DLA) and tyrosine derived diphenols containing alkyl ester pendent chains, designated as “R” (DTR). Specific pendent chains were ethyl (E) and hexyl (H). These poly(aliphatic/aromatic-ester-amide)s were further reacted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether) of different molecular masses, thus resulting in ABA type (hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic) triblock copolymers. We used Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies to evaluate the chemical structure of the final materials. The molecular masses were estimated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. The self-organization of these new polymeric systems into micellar/nanospheric structures in aqueous environment was evaluated using ultraviolet/visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polymers were found to spontaneously self-assemble into nanoparticles with sizes in the range 196–239 nm and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.125–0.250 mg/mL. The results are quite promising and these materials are capable of self-organizing into well-defined micelles/nanospheres encapsulating bioactive molecules, e.g., vitamins or antibacterial peptides for antibacterial coatings on medical devices.
An Enhanced Multiple Harmonics Analysis Method for Wireless Power Transfer Systems (2019)

First harmonic analysis (FHA) is arguably the most widely used analytical technique for wireless power transfer (WPT) circuits due to its simplicity. Although FHA can provide closed-form solutions, the existence of rectifier diode forward voltage drop and higher order harmonics, especially the second and third harmonics at variable duty cycle operation, can significantly deteriorate its accuracy. This paper presents an accurate and efficient method called enhanced multiple harmonic analysis (eMHA) for the optimal design and optimal control of WPT systems. The eMHA method considers the nature of nonlinear rectification networks under nonsinusoidal current and reexamines the concept of the equivalent load. As a result, the rectified WPT system is transformed into a series of linear systems with complex load impedances. The steady-state electric quantities can be then explicitly calculated. This enables eMHA to seamlessly work with numerical optimization algorithms to facilitate the automated design and optimization of WPT systems. An example of optimal design and optimal control of a 10 W WPT system is demonstrated. The results obtained by eMHA and FHA are also compared. A prototype of the designed circuit was constructed. The accuracy and effectiveness of eMHA are verified by experimental measurements. This paper is accompanied by a MATLAB-based analytical tool with a graphical user interface demonstrating the effects of circuit variables on electrical quantities and waveforms.