gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4th-generation wireless infrastructures: scenarios and research challenges (2001)

A "fourth generation" of wireless systems, likely to appear after the successful deployment of the current third-generation systems, is frequently debated these days. This article presents some of the results of the Fourth Generation Wireless project (4GW) of the Personal Computing and Communications program (PCC), the major Swedish academic research effort on future communications systems, launched in late 1997. In the 4GW project, scenarios have been used as tools for formulating relevant research topics related to future wireless systems. By working with scenarios the project group has been able to challenge some of the assumptions commonly made in the field of wireless research. Since the project group is multidisciplinary, the work has also helped the members of the project group to understand the differences between the research traditions to which they belong. The scenarios, as well as the ensuing research into various wireless related topics, point to a vision of fourth-generation systems where "low-hierarchy" user-deployed infrastructures are the prime candidate. Fourth-generation systems will offer short- to moderate-range communications with very high data rates (>100 Mb/s). They are likely to employ array signal processing and ad hoc operation to provide the required coverage. A key aspect of their design will be the fact that they will be deployed in environments where large-scale wireless, and wired, infrastructures are already in operation.
Simulations of a nonlinear optical loop mirror demultiplexer using random birefringence fiber (2005)

Summary form only given. Demultiplexing channels of data at rates in the 100-Gbit/s range will require that advanced all-optical devices be designed and developed. Computer simulations will become increasingly useful in prototyping these devices. We have developed a computer code that accurately predicts the switching characteristics of a demultiplexer operating in the picosecond range. The technique used for the simulations is the split step Fourier method. Randomly varying birefringence is modeled by introducing a random rotation of the birefringence axis /spl Theta//sub i/ at the beginning of each step. The polarization controller is implemented numerically by multiplying the field by the appropriate Jones matrix for a linear retarder (wave plate) of orientation /spl alpha/ and retardance /spl phi/. Values for /spl alpha/ and /spl phi/, are found by allowing the control pulse to propagate around the loop in the absence of the signal pulse.
Ac3IV, a V1a and V1b receptor selective vasopressin analogue, protects against hydrocortisone-induced changes in pancreatic islet cell lineage (2022)

The Avpr1a (V1a) and Avpr1b (V1b) receptor selective, vasopressin (AVP) analogue, Ac3IV has been shown to improve metabolism and pancreatic islet structure in diabetes and insulin resistance. The present study further investigates these actions by assessing the ability of Ac3IV to protect against pancreatic islet architectural disturbances induced by hydrocortisone (HC) treatment in transgenic Ins1<sup>Cre/+</sup>;Rosa26-eYFP mice, that possess beta-cell lineage tracing capabilities. HC intervention increased (p < 0.001) energy intake but reduced (p < 0.01) body weight gain, with no impact of Ac3IV. All HC mice had reduced (p < 0.05) circulating glucose, but plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations remained unchanged. However, HC mice presented with increased (p < 0.001) pancreatic insulin content, which was further augmented by Ac3IV. In addition, Ac3IV treatment countered HC-induced increases in islet-, beta- and alpha-cell areas (p < 0.01), as well as promoting islet number towards control levels. This was accompanied by reduced (p < 0.05) beta-cell growth, but enhanced (p < 0.001) alpha-cell proliferation. There were no changes in islet cell apoptotic rates in any of the groups of HC mice, but co-expression of CK19 with insulin in pancreatic ductal cells was reduced by Ac3IV. Assessment of beta-cell lineage revealed that Ac3IV partially protected against HC-mediated de-differentiation of mature beta-cells, whilst also decreasing (p < 0.01) beta- to alpha-cell transdifferentiation. Our data indicate that sustained activation of V1a and V1b receptors exerts positive islet cell transition effects to help retain beta-cell identity in HC mice.
Quantum computing: the final frontier? (2000)

As NASA spacecraft explore deeper into the cosmos, speed-of-light-limited signal delays make it increasingly impractical to command missions from Earth. Future spacecraft will need greater onboard computing capacity to mimic human-level intelligence and autonomy. The solution might come from quantum computers, which offer properties of size, power, and robustness that are ideally suited to the space environment. The potential of quantum technologies goes far beyond enhanced computing capacity. Future space missions will involve direct participation of non-NASA scientists. This will necessitate allowing more open access to spacecraft systems via free-space communication links. Quantum cryptography would allow such channels to be made absolutely secure and invulnerable to attack by malevolent hackers. To explore these possibilities, this article describes the progress to date in understanding how quantum computers and related quantum information-processing devices might advance space exploration.
Quantitative assessment of reactive oxygen species generation by cavitation incepted efficiently using nonlinear propagation effect (2015)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jun Yasuda, Shin Yoshizawa, Shin-ichiro Umemura; Quantitative assessment of reactive oxygen species generation by cavitation incepted efficiently using nonlinear propagation effect. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 October 2015; 1685 (1): 040003. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4934398 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels control acute itch in mice (2020)

Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels are important mediators of nociceptive signaling, but their roles in the transmission of itch remains poorly understood. Here we report a key involvement of these channels as key modulators of itch/pruritus-related behavior. We compared scratching behavior responses between wild type and Cav3.2 null mice in models of histamine- or chloroquine-induced itch. We also evaluated the effect of the T-type calcium channel blocker DX332 in male and female wild-type mice injected with either histamine or chloroquine. Cav3.2 null mice exhibited decreased scratching responses during both histamine- and chloroquine-induced acute itch. DX332 co-injected with the pruritogens inhibited scratching responses of male and female mice treated with either histamine or chloroquine. Altogether, our data provide strong evidence that Cav3.2 T-type channels exert an important role in modulating histamine-dependent and -independent itch transmission in the primary sensory afferent pathway, and highlight these channels as potential pharmacological targets to treat pruritus.
Supplemental Figure S7 from <sup>18</sup>F-FAZA PET Imaging Response Tracks the Reoxygenation of Tumors in Mice upon Treatment with the Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitor BAY 87-2243 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S7. Dose-dependent effect of BAY 87-243 (1 and 9 mg/kg) on (A) 18F-FAZA uptake and (B) tumor volume for H460 xenografts of nude, murine models. For (A), *- p&lt;0.001 for 2-way ANOVA of vehicle vs. BAY 87-2243, n=6 tumors and for (B) *-P&lt;0.01 for 2-way ANOVA of vehicle vs. BAY 87-2243, n=6 tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Use of a Novel Chagas Urine Nanoparticle Test (Chunap) for Diagnosis of Congenital Chagas Disease (2014)

Chunap has the potential to be developed into a simple and sensitive test for the early diagnosis of congenital Chagas disease.
Interference Mitigation through Adaptive Power Control in Wireless Sensor Networks (2015)

Adaptive transmission power control schemes have been introduced in wireless sensor networks to adjust energy consumption under different network conditions. This is a crucial goal, given the constraints under which sensor communications operate. Power reduction may however have counter-productive effects to network performance. Yet, indiscriminate power boosting may detrimentally affect interference. We are interested in understanding the conditions under which coordinated power reduction may lead to better spectrum efficiency, interference mitigation and, thus, have beneficial effects on network performance. Through a combination of measurements and simulations, we study the relation between transmission power and communication efficiency with the technique of Adaptive and Robust Topology control (ART), showing how power reduction can benefit energy and spectrum efficiency. We identify critical limitations in ART (in terms of stability and adaptivity), discussing the potential of more cooperative power-control approaches.
Cross-Media Linking and Tagging Support for Learning Groups (2008)

Typical tasks of learning groups and knowledge workers include working both with printed and digital documents. We present a pen-based and tangible interaction concept for the linking and tagging of documents in a mixed physical and digital environment. The interaction with printed and electronic documents is unified. We therefore use digital pens, which equally capture physical handwriting on real paper and act as an input device on a specific screen prototype. Links and tags can have variable scopes ranging from small document passages to a collection of several documents. Physical folders along with camera-based marker tracking provide for the tangible definition of document collections. Tags are intuitively defined on a paper tag menu card. We present two visualizations of links and tags (a document-centered viewer and a hyperstructure-centered graph view). These are closely coupled with the physical environment.
The International Regulation of Civil Wars (1972)

Journal Article The International Regulation of Civil Wars Get access The International Regulation of Civil Wars. Ed. by Evan Luard.: Thames & Hudson. 1972. 240 pp. Index. (Studies in International Order.) £3.50. William C. Olson William C. Olson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 48, Issue 4, October 1972, Pages 645–646, https://doi.org/10.2307/2614141 Published: 01 October 1972
Effects of Hemicellulose and Lignin on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose from Dairy Manure (2009)

This study focused on the effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of dairy manure and hydrolysis process optimization to improve sugar yield. It was found that hemicellulose and lignin in dairy manure, similar to their role in other lignocellulosic material, were major resistive factors to enzymatic hydrolysis and that the removal of either of them, or for best performance, both of them, improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of manure cellulose. This result combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures further proved that the accessibility of cellulose to cellulase was the most important feature to the hydrolysis. Quantitatively, fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis of fiber without lignin and hemicellulose had a high glucose yield of 52% with respect to the glucose concentration of 17 g/L at a total enzyme loading of 1300 FPU/L and reaction time of 160 h, which was better than corresponding batch enzymatic hydrolysis.
Improved Method Invented for Synthesizing TiB2 (1990)

(1990). Improved Method Invented for Synthesizing TiB2. Materials and Processing Report: Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 3-4.
Optimized Ge channel profiles for VLSI compatible Si/SiGe p-MOSFET's (2002)

Theoretical and experimental support is provided to demonstrate that, with the design constraint of a fixed Ge dose, the effective hole mobility and carrier confinement in SiGe MOSFET's are maximized by employing positively graded triangular Ge profiles in the channel. Hole mobilities in excess of 400 cm/sup 2/Vs were obtained experimentally for transistors with 0-50% triangular Ge channel profiles. When compared to devices with rectangular Ge profiles, the MOSFET's with triangular profiles demonstrated 30-40% improvement in mobility, transconductance and cutoff frequency. These results were observed for both MBE- and CVD-grown wafers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Role of exosomes in malignant glioma: microRNAs and proteins in pathogenesis and diagnosis (2020)

Malignant gliomas are the most common and deadly type of central nervous system tumors. Despite some advances in treatment, the mean survival time remains only about 1.25 years. Even after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, gliomas still have a poor prognosis. Exosomes are the most common type of extracellular vesicles with a size range of 30 to 100 nm, and can act as carriers of proteins, RNAs, and other bioactive molecules. Exosomes play a key role in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapy or radiation. Recent evidence has shown that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) can be detected in the extracellular microenvironment, and can also be transferred from cell to cell via exosome secretion and uptake. Therefore, many recent studies have focused on exosomal miRNAs as important cellular regulators in various physiological and pathological conditions. A variety of exosomal miRNAs have been implicated in the initiation and progression of gliomas, by activating and/or inhibiting different signaling pathways. Exosomal miRNAs could be used as therapeutic agents to modulate different biological processes in gliomas. Exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells could also be used for glioma treatment. The present review summarizes the exosomal miRNAs that have been implicated in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. Moreover, exosomal proteins could also be involved in glioma pathogenesis. Exosomal miRNAs and proteins could also serve as non-invasive biomarkers for prognosis and disease monitoring. Video Abstract.
Fluoroscopic image-guided intervention system for transbronchial localization (2012)

Reliable transbronchial access of peripheral lung lesions is desirable for the diagnosis and potential treatment of lung cancer. This procedure can be difficult, however, because accessory devices (e.g., needle or forceps) cannot be reliably localized while deployed. We present a fluoroscopic image-guided intervention (IGI) system for tracking such bronchoscopic accessories. Fluoroscopy, an imaging technology currently utilized by many bronchoscopists, has a fundamental shortcoming - many lung lesions are invisible in its images. Our IGI system aligns a digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) defined from a pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan with live fluoroscopic images. Radiopaque accessory devices are readily apparent in fluoroscopic video, while lesions lacking a fluoroscopic signature but identifiable in the CT scan are superimposed in the scene. The IGI system processing steps consist of: (1) calibrating the fluoroscopic imaging system; (2) registering the CT anatomy with its depiction in the fluoroscopic scene; (3) optical tracking to continually update the DRR and target positions as the fluoroscope is moved about the patient. The end result is a continuous correlation of the DRR and projected targets with the anatomy depicted in the live fluoroscopic video feed. Because both targets and bronchoscopic devices are readily apparent in arbitrary fluoroscopic orientations, multiplane guidance is straightforward. The system tracks in real-time with no computational lag. We have measured a mean projected tracking accuracy of 1.0 mm in a phantom and present results from an in vivo animal study.
Inhibition mechanisms of indole derivatives against <I>Fusarium oxysporum</I> f. sp. <I>spinaciae</I> and different sensitivity of formae speciales of <I>F. oxysporum</I> to the compounds (2000)

Inhibition mechanisms of indole derivatives against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae and different sensitivity of formae speciales of F oxysporum to the compounds
The role of silicon, silicon carbide and gallium nitride in power electronics (2012)

Silicon carbide (SiC) and latest gallium nitride (GaN) are two semiconductor materials which entered the power device arena which has been set up and still is being dominated by silicon based devices. The following paper will make a basic comparison of power devices out of these three base materials valid for medium voltage classes of some hundred to above 1000V. This paper will start with comparisons of common electrical figures of merit (FOM) and will focus less on the exact values but on the possible trends and current limits concerning the different materials. These findings will be brought in relation to application requirements.
Two‐Dimensional Carrier Distribution in Top‐Gate Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors: Correlation between Width of Density of Localized States and Urbach Energy (2013)

A general semiconductor-independent two-dimensional character of the carrier distribution in top-gate polymer field-effect transistors is revealed by analysing temperature-dependent transfer characteristics and the sub-bandgap absorption tails of the polymer semiconductors. A correlation between the extracted width of the density of states and the Urbach energy is presented, corroborating the 2D accumulation layer and demonstrating an intricate connection between optical measurements concerning disorder and charge transport in transistors.
Highly Stable AlInZnSnO and InZnO Double-Layer Oxide Thin-Film Transistors With Mobility Over 50 $\text{cm}^{2}/\text{V} \cdot \text{s}$ for High-Speed Operation (2018)

We present high-mobility back channel etch Al-In-Zn-Sn-O/In-Zn-O (IZO) double-layer channel thin-film transistors (TFTs). The field-effect mobility of 53.2 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s, threshold voltage of 0.5 V, and subthreshold swing of 0.15 V/decade were obtained with a thin IZO-inserted double-layer channel TFT. The positive bias stability was improved with an IZO-inserted double-layer channel. We fabricated 13-stage ring oscillators, which exhibited an oscillating frequency of 296 kHz at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> = 20. These results demonstrate that the proposed double-layer channel oxide TFT can be used for demanding applications such as backplane devices for ultrahigh resolution display.
Intratumoral Spatial Heterogeneity at Perfusion MR Imaging Predicts Recurrence-free Survival in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (2018)

Purpose To characterize intratumoral spatial heterogeneity at perfusion magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and investigate intratumoral heterogeneity as a predictor of recurrence-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, a discovery cohort (n = 60) and a multicenter validation cohort (n = 186) were analyzed. Each tumor was divided into multiple spatially segregated, phenotypically consistent subregions on the basis of perfusion MR imaging parameters. The authors first defined a multiregional spatial interaction (MSI) matrix and then, based on this matrix, calculated 22 image features. A network strategy was used to integrate all image features and classify patients into different risk groups. The prognostic value of imaging-based stratification was evaluated in relation to clinical-pathologic factors with multivariable Cox regression. Results Three intratumoral subregions with high, intermediate, and low MR perfusion were identified and showed high consistency between the two cohorts. Patients in both cohorts were stratified according to network analysis of multiregional image features regarding RFS (log-rank test, P = .002 for both). Aggressive tumors were associated with a larger volume of the poorly perfused subregion as well as interaction between poorly and moderately perfused subregions and surrounding parenchyma. At multivariable analysis, the proposed MSI-based marker was independently associated with RFS (hazard ratio: 3.42; 95% confidence interval: 1.55, 7.57; P = .002) adjusting for age, estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) status, tumor volume, and pathologic complete response (pCR). Furthermore, imaging helped stratify patients for RFS within the ER-positive and HER2-positive subgroups (log-rank test, P = .007 and .004) and among patients without pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (log-rank test, P = .003). Conclusion Breast cancer consists of multiple spatially distinct subregions. Imaging heterogeneity is an independent prognostic factor beyond traditional risk predictors.
Novel Biomaterial for Artery Patch in Swine Model With High-Fat Diet (2021)

The PVP patch-angioplasty overcomes the pitfalls of compliance mismatch of synthetic patches and has a non-thrombogenic surface. The proliferation of vascular cells assembled to generate the neo-endothelium and media in the patch-angioplasties to support long-term patency. The neo-vascular tissue in PVP patch-angioplasty also developed similar cellular functions for lipid transport and metabolism compared with native arteries in hypercholesterolemia.
Design of novel, selective and bioavailable ligands for closely related receptors and pharmacophores: Conformational and topographical considerations (2015)

P (POMC) is a primordial animal gene that produces many of the key hormones and neurotransmitters critical for survival and reproduction. It also is involved in many of our most common degenerative diseases. It produces several hormones and neurotransmitters, including α-MSH, β-MSH, γ-MSH, ACTH, β-endorphin, β-lipotropin, etc., that target 5 melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC2R, MC3R, MC4R and MC5R) as well as 3 opioid receptors and others. In the case of the melanocortin receptors, MC1R, MC3R, MC4R and MC5R, α-MSH (or δ-MSH) is the primary hormone/neurotransmitter and a common pharmacophore –His-Phe-Arg-Trpis involved in agonist activation of the 4 receptors. This raises difficult problems in ligand design of agonists and antagonists for these 4 receptors which are involved in many diseases, including pigmentary diseases, feeding behavior diseases, sexual dysfunction, melanoma cancer, heart disease and many others. We have obtained highly potent and selective agonists and antagonists for the receptors that are stable and bioavailable. This required a combination of conformational and topographical considerations in peptide and peptidomimetic design. Several examples of successful applications of these considerations will be presented.
Face Recognition System by Fast and Incremental Learning Method (2006)

This paper introduces the face recognition system architecture based on intelligent macro core for face recognition. And we propose a novel classification method based on support vector domain description (SVDD). It enables the proposed system to be trained rapidly and improve the recognition rate gradually by learning face incrementally. In order to verify the performance of our scheme in real world, experiments are carried out under various illumination condition. The experimental results show that the proposed system can improve the recognition rate gradually by fast and incremental learning method