gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inverted, semitransparent small molecule photovoltaic cells (2015)

We demonstrate semitransparent small molecule organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells based on inverted mixed and hybrid planar-mixed heterojunction (PM-HJ) structures comprised of a neat acceptor layer located beneath the donor/acceptor mixed region. The fill factor increases from 0.53 ± 0.01 for the mixed HJ to 0.58 ± 0.01 for the PM-HJ due to reduced series resistance, whereas the internal quantum efficiency increases from an average of 75% to 85% between the wavelengths of λ = 450 nm and 550 nm. The inverted, semitransparent PM-HJ cell achieves a power conversion efficiency of PCE = 3.9% ± 0.2% under simulated AM1.5G illumination at one sun intensity with an average optical transmission of T¯ = 51% ± 2% across the visible spectrum, corresponding to &amp;gt; 10% improvement compared with the mixed HJ cell. We also demonstrate an inverted semitransparent tandem cell incorporating two PM-HJ sub-cells with different absorption spectra. The tandem cell achieves a PCE = 5.3% ± 0.3% under simulated AM1.5G at one sun intensity with T¯ = 31% ± 1% across the visible. Almost identical efficiencies are obtained for tandem cells illuminated via either the cathode or anode surfaces.
Organolanthanide-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination/Cyclization/Bicyclization of Sterically Encumbered Substrates. Scope, Selectivity, and Catalyst Thermal Stability for Amine-Tethered Unactivated 1,2-Disubstituted Alkenes (2004)

This paper reports the organolanthanide-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of amine-tethered unactivated 1,2-disubstituted alkenes to afford the corresponding mono- and disubstituted pyrrolidines and piperidines using coordinatively unsaturated complexes of the type (eta(5)-Me(5)C(5))(2)LnCH(TMS)(2) (Ln = La, Sm), [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))(2)]SmCH(TMS)(2), and [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))((t)BuN)]LnE(TMS)(2) (Ln = Sm, Y, Yb, Lu; E = N, CH) as precatalysts. [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))((t)BuN)]LnE(TMS)(2) mediates intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of sterically demanding amino-olefins to afford disubstituted pyrrolidines in high diastereoselectivity (trans/cis = 16/1) and good to excellent yield. In addition, chiral C(1)-symmetric organolanthanide catalysts of the type [Me(2)Si(OHF)(CpR*)]LnN(TMS)(2) (OHF = eta(5)-octahydrofluorenyl; Cp = eta(5)-C(5)H(3); R* = (-)-menthyl; Ln = Sm, Y), and [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))(CpR*)]SmN(TMS)(2) (Cp = eta(5)-H(3)C(5); R* = (-)-menthyl) mediate asymmetric intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of amines bearing internal olefins and afford chiral 2-substituted piperidine and pyrrolidine in enantioselectivities as high as 84:16 er at 60 degrees C. The substrate of the structure NH(2)CH(2)CMe(2)CH(2)CH=CH(CH(2))(2)CH=CH(2) is regiospecifically bicyclized by [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))((t)BuN)]LnE(TMS)(2) to the corresponding indolizidine skeleton in good yield and high diastereoselectivity. Thermolysis of (eta(5)-Me(5)C(5))(2)LaCH(TMS)(2) in cyclohexane-d(12) at 120 degrees C rapidly releases CH(2)(SiMe(3))(2) and leads to possible formation of fulvene (eta(6)-Me(4)C(5)CH(2)-) species. The thermolysis product readily reverts to active catalysts upon protonolysis by substrate and exhibits the same catalytic activity as the (eta(5),eta(1)-Me(5)C(5))(2)LaCH(TMS)(2) precatalyst at 120 degrees C in the cyclization of cis-2,2-dimethylhept-5-enylamine. Catalytically-active lanthanide-amido complexes (eta(5)-Me(5)C(5))(2)La(NHR)(NH(2)R)(n) and [Me(2)Si(eta(5)-Me(4)C(5))((t)BuN)]Sm(NHR)(NH(2)R)(n) are shown to be thermally robust species.
Abstract P80 (2015)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Structure and Refractive Indices of Proton-Implanted LiNbO3 (2000)

Structural damage is found in - c -cut LiNbO 3 single-crystal surfaces in which 1×10 17 cm -2 protons are implanted. The observed damage is accompanied by a large decrease in the ordinary-ray refractive index, n o , which falls to the same level as the extraordinary-ray refractive index, n e . The mechanism of the phenomenon can be explained by disordering in the implanted layer.
Ceramide galactosyltransferase expression is regulated positively by Nkx2.2 and negatively by OLIG2 (2014)

Myelin, a multilamellar structure extended from oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells, plays a critical role in maintenance of neuronal function, and damage or loss of myelin causes demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. For precise alignment of the myelin sheath, there is a requirement for expression of galactosylceramide (GalCer), a major glycosphingolipid in myelin. Synthesis of GalCer is strictly limited in oligodendrocytes in a developmental stage-specific manner. Ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT), a key enzyme for biosynthesis of GalCer, exhibits restricted expression in oligodendrocytes but the mechanism is poorly understood. Based on our assumption that particular oligodendrocyte-lineage-specific transcription factors regulate CGT expression, we co-expressed a series of candidate transcription factors with the human CGT promoter-driving luciferase expression in oligodendroglioma cells to measure the promoter activity. We found that Nkx2.2 strongly activated the CGT promoter. In addition, we identified a novel repressive DNA element in the first intron of CGT and OLIG2, an oligodendrocyte-specific transcription factor, as a binding protein of this element. Moreover, overexpression of OLIG2 completely canceled the activating effect of Nkx2.2 on CGT promoter activity. Expression of CGT mRNA was also upregulated by Nkx2.2, but this upregulation was cancelled by co-expression of OLIG2 with Nkx2.2. Our study suggests that CGT expression is controlled by balanced expression of the negative modulator OLIG2 and positive regulator Nkx2.2, providing new insights into how expression of GalCer is tightly regulated in cell-type- and stage-specific manners.
Proximity effect of vanadium on spin-density-wave magnetism in Cr films (2004)

The spin-density-wave (SDW) state in thin chromium films is well known to be strongly affected by proximity effects from neighboring layers. To date the main attention has been given to effects arising from exchange interactions at interfaces. In the present work we report on combined neutron and synchrotron scattering studies of proximity effects in $\mathrm{Cr}∕\mathrm{V}$ films where the boundary condition is due to the hybridization of Cr with paramagnetic V at the interface. We find that the $\mathrm{V}∕\mathrm{Cr}$ interface has a strong and long-range effect on the polarization, period, and the N\'eel temperature of the SDW in rather thick Cr films. This unusually strong effect is unexpected and not predicted by theory.
Signal reconstruction from one bit of Fourier transform phase (2005)

In this paper, we present new results on the reconstruction of signals from one bit of Fourier transform phase, defined as the sign of the real part of the Fourier transform. Specifically, we develop a new theoretical result which shows that most two-dimensional signals can in fact be reconstructed to within a scale factor from only one bit of FF phase. Experimental results showing images reconstructed from one bit of FT phase are also presented.
Correction: IhTunes Theta/Gamma Oscillations and Cross-Frequency Coupling In an In Silico CA3 Model (2013)

I h channels are uniquely positioned to act as neuromodulatory control points for tuning hippocampal theta (4-12 Hz) and gamma (w25 Hz) oscillations, oscillations which are thought to have importance for organization of information flow. I h contributes to neuronal membrane resonance and resting membrane potential, and is modulated by second messengers. We investigated I h oscillatory control using a multiscale computer model of hippocampal CA3, where each cell class (pyramidal, basket, and oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells), contained type-appropriate isoforms of I h . Our model demonstrated that modulation of pyramidal and basket I h allows tuning theta and gamma oscillation frequency and amplitude. Pyramidal I h also controlled cross-frequency coupling (CFC) and allowed shifting gamma generation towards particular phases of the theta cycle, effected via I h 's ability to set pyramidal excitability. Our model predicts that in vivo neuromodulatory control of I h allows flexibly controlling CFC and the timing of gamma discharges at particular theta phases.
Current-Driven Motion of Domain Boundaries between Skyrmion Lattice and Helical Magnetic Structure (2018)

To utilize magnetic skyrmions, nanoscale vortex-like magnetic structures, experimental elucidation of their dynamics against current application in various circumstances such as in confined structure and mixture of different magnetic phases is indispensable. Here, we investigate the current-induced dynamics of the coexistence state of magnetic skyrmions and helical magnetic structure in a thin plate of B20-type helimagnet FeGe in terms of in situ real-space observation using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. Current pulses with various heights and widths were applied, and the change of the magnetic domain distribution was analyzed using a machine-learning technique. The observed average driving direction of the two-magnetic-state domain boundary is opposite to the applied electric current, indicating ferromagnetic s-d exchange coupling in the spin-transfer torque mechanism. The evaluated driving distance tends to increase with increasing the pulse duration time, current density (>1 × 10<sup>9</sup> A/m<sup>2</sup>), and sample temperature, providing valuable information about hitherto unknown current-induced dynamics of the skyrmion-lattice ensemble.
Two dimensional hole gas (2DHG) germanium junctionless P-FinFETs without impurity scattering achieved by modulation doping in channel (2017)

For the junctionless field-effect transistors (JL-FETs), there is a big concern that the high channel doping degrades carrier mobility by ionized impurity scattering mechanism. In this work, a sandwiched Ge/GeSi/Ge layer structure is proposed to be used as JL-FinFET channel, and only the middle GeSi layer is modulation doped by B atoms. In this structure, two dimensional hole gas (2DHG) forms in the top and bottom Ge channel layers, and is separated from B dopant impurity in the middle GeSi layer. Due to high hole mobility of 2DHG, the device exhibits an enhanced on-state current. The finished 2DHG Ge JL-FinFET shows a 6× current enhancement as compared to controlled Ge JL-FinFET with a uniformly B-doped Ge channel.
Adaptation d'impédances d'antennes aux impédances de circuits de tags RFID UHF passifs (2009)

International audience
Nanoporous transparent and conducting films and photonic crystals (2013)

Herein we present nanoporous transparent and conducting films prepared by sputtering controlled amounts of ITO onto and into the interconnected pores of SiO2 and SnO2 nanoparticle films. The sheet resistance of these nanoporous transparent conducting films made with either SiO2 or SnO2 nanoparticles is less than 103 Ω/□. Furthermore, we demonstrate entirely nanoporous one-dimensional photonic crystals by alternately stacking nanoporous transparent and conducting films made from SiO2 and SnO2 nanoparticles.
Heterogenization of Organometallic Molybdenum Complexes with Siloxane Functional Groups and their Catalytic Application (2005)

Abstract η 5 ‐CpMo(CO) 3 R complexes containing siloxane functional groups [(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OMe) 3 or (CH 2 )Si(OEt) 3 ] attached to either the cyclopentadiene ligand or directly to Mo were grafted on the mesoporous materials MCM‐41 and MCM‐48 by reaction of the OR (R=Me, Et) moieties in the silane ligand and surface silanol groups (Si‐OH). For the sake of comparison mesoporous materials modified with silane groups were reacted with Na + [CpMo(CO) 3 ] − . The XRD, N 2 adsorption‐desorption, and TEM analyses provide strong evidence that the mesoporous structure of the supporting material retains its long‐range ordering throughout the grafting process, despite significant reductions in surface area, pore volume and pore size. The appearance of strong IR bands around 2016 and 1956 cm −1 on the grafted samples also shows that the η 5 ‐CpMo(CO) 3 R complexes have been successfully grafted. Elemental analysis reveals that the grafted samples contain 0.3–3.5 wt % Mo. 29 Si CP MAS‐NMR spectra give clear evidence for a reduction in the numbers of the Q 3 and Q 2 sites. The formation of new peaks around −49.8, −57.9, and −66.2 ppm (T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 ) indicates esterification of silanol groups by the alkoxy groups of the silane ligand. Both the in situ and ex situ prepared samples show good catalytic activity for the epoxidation of cyclooctene.
Preliminary Investigation of Short-Baseline Stereo Cameras for Motion Detection and Alignment of Pre-existing Attenuation Maps for AdaptiSPECT-C (2018)

AdaptiSPECT-C, a multi-pinhole, multi-detector, and stationary brain SPECT imaging system is being developed by the University of Massachusetts Medical School and the University of Arizona. During AdaptiSPECT-C acquisitions, the patient's head will be positioned entirely inside a hemi-spherical collimator assembly. A popular method to mitigate head motion during the protracted acquisitions is to use external cameras for tracking the motion of the head throughout the acquisition. This motion estimate is then used during SPECT reconstruction to compensate for the motion. Unfortunately, the close proximity of the bore to the patient will occlude the motion tracking camera's view of the patient from outside the bore, thereby posing a significant challenge to using such methods. Therefore, we propose to use small-baseline stereo depth-sensing cameras placed inside the AdaptiSPECT-C bore, to track patient's head motion. In this study, using an imaging phantom, we measure the manually generated phantom motion at a distance of about 15 cm from small baseline stereo depth sensing cameras. The motion is measured simultaneously with Optitrack motion tracking system, a commercially available marker based motion tracking system to provide a reference ground truth. Finally, we showed that at close range, we can utilize the 3D surface estimates generated by the small baseline stereo depth sensing cameras, for aligning a preexisting CT to the patient's SPECT acquisition in order to provide attenuation correction during SPECT reconstruction. Future work will include reconstruction simulations that incorporate motion correction based on actual motion data from the tested cameras as well as providing CT alignment for CT-based attenuation correction.
Cell-to-cell propagation of infectious cytosolic protein aggregates (2013)

Prions are self-templating protein conformers that replicate by recruitment and conversion of homotypic proteins into growing protein aggregates. Originally identified as causative agents of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, increasing evidence now suggests that prion-like phenomena are more common in nature than previously anticipated. In contrast to fungal prions that replicate in the cytoplasm, propagation of mammalian prions derived from the precursor protein PrP is confined to the cell membrane or endocytic vesicles. Here we demonstrate that cytosolic protein aggregates can also behave as infectious entities in mammalian cells. When expressed in the mammalian cytosol, protein aggregates derived from the prion domain NM of yeast translation termination factor Sup35 persistently propagate and invade neighboring cells, thereby inducing a self-perpetuating aggregation state of NM. Cell contact is required for efficient infection. Aggregates can also be induced in primary astrocytes, neurons, and organotypic cultures, demonstrating that this phenomenon is not specific to immortalized cells. Our data have important implications for understanding prion-like phenomena of protein aggregates associated with human diseases and for the growing number of amyloidogenic proteins discovered in mammals.
Oxygen sensing in cancer (2003)

Hypoxia is prevalent in many tumours and is prognostically important. A transcriptional pathway controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF) is also commonly up-regulated in cancer, resulting in the induction of genes with both pro- and anti-tumourigenic properties. High HIF levels may arise as a response to the tumour micro-environment or because of genetic events, including mutations affecting the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein. Recent elucidation of mechanisms underlying the regulation of HIF, via amino acid hydroxylases, suggests a role in balancing energy production, iron metabolism and oxygen supply. Co-selection of properties linked by the HIF pathway may explain the glycolytic phenotype of tumours and underlie tumour angiogenesis, which though benefiting the tumour as a whole is unlikely to be directly selected at the clonal level because it will not give one cell specific advantage over its neighbours.
IκBα Overexpression in Human Breast Carcinoma MCF7 Cells Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation but Not Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Apoptosis (1997)

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is one of major component induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), and its role in the signaling of TNF-induced cell death remains controversial. In order to delineate whether the involvement of NF-kappaB activation is required for triggering of the apoptotic signal of TNF, we inhibited the nuclear translocation of this transcription factor in TNF-sensitive MCF7 cells by introducing a human MAD-3 mutant cDNA coding for a mutated IkappaB alpha that is resistant to both phosphorylation and proteolytic degradation and that behaves as a potent dominant negative IkappaB alpha protein. Our results demonstrated that the mutated IkappaB alpha was stably expressed in the transfected MCF7 cells and blocked the TNF-induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. Indeed, TNF treatment of these cells induced the proteolysis of only the endogenous IkappaB alpha but not the mutated IkappaB alpha. The nuclear NF-kappaB released from the endogenous IkappaB alpha within 30 min of TNF treatment was rapidly inhibited by the mutated IkappaB alpha. There was no significant difference either in cell viability or in the kinetics of cell death between control cells and the mutated IkappaB alpha transfected cells. Furthermore, electron microscopic analysis showed that the cell death induced by TNF in both control and mutated IkappaB alpha transfected cells was apoptotic. The inhibition of NF-kappaB translocation in mutated IkappaB alpha-transfected cells persisted throughout the same time course that apoptosis was occurring. Our data provide direct evidence that the inhibition of NF-kappaB did not alter TNF-induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells and support the view that TNF-mediated apoptosis is NF-kappaB independent.
Foil Patches Seal Small Vacuum Leaks (1995)

Report discloses technique to patch holes in nickel-alloy rocket-engine nozzle parts prior to vacuum brazing. Technique involves lightly spot-welding nickel foil 0.002 in. thick over hole patched, then spot-welding corrosion-resistant steel foil of same thickness over nickel foil. Once patches subject to pressure and temperature of vacuum brazing, nickel foil diffuses to bond with nickel-alloy nozzle, making vacuum-tight seal.
Observation of misfit dislocations in epitaxial CoSi2/Si (111) layers by scanning tunneling microscopy (1991)

The surfaces of epitaxial CoSi2 layers grown on Si(111) have been examined by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in ultrahigh vacuum. The onset of strain relaxation above the critical thickness of about 40 Å has been monitored by STM for the first time. This relaxation takes place by the formation of a honeycomb network of partial dislocations lying in the interface plane. An associated network of protruding lines has been detected in STM topographs for film thicknesses up to 104 Å. The topographic cross sections perpendicular to the lines are found to have a Lorentzian shape with a height of 0.6 Å and a half-width equal to the layer thickness. Our analysis suggests that similar effects should be observable for a wider class of heteroepitaxial systems.
Baroreflex gain: characterization using autoregressive moving average analysis (1996)

To study heart rate baroreflex gain, autoregressive moving average (ARMA) analysis, a multivariate method that allows evaluation of the dynamic ("beat-to-beat") interactions between changes in biological signals, was used to evaluate the relationships between R-R interval and arterial blood pressure (BP) during random-interval breathing. Parameters obtained by ARMA analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in BP and R-R interval in 17 volunteers were used to model the response of R-R interval to a transient 1-mmHg increase in BP; the resulting impulse-response and step-response curves were compared with baroreflex gain measured using bolus injections of phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Impulse-response curves for the systolic BP-R-R relationship showed an early (0-1 s) sharp maximum of 5.5 +/- 4.2 ms/mmHg, which was smaller in magnitude but linearly correlated with baroreflex gain derived from SNP (14.5 +/- 9.7 ms/mmHg; r = 0.80, P < 0.002) and PE (31.6 +/- 26.7 ms/mmHg; r = 0.53, P < 0.05) injections. A similar relationship was also found between the one-beat ARMA step response and SNP injection (r = 0.70, P = 0.01). The integrated step response of the BP-R-R relationship over 6 s was 6.4 +/- 4.1 ms/mmHg, with no correlation to baroreflex gain determined by SNP (r = 0.33, P = 0.20) or PE (r = -0.15, P = 0.57). In conclusion, quantification of baroreflex gain consistent with other techniques may be achieved by ARMA analysis without perturbing mean BP. Correlation of baroreflex gain obtained by bolus injection to early measures of baroreflex gain obtained from the ARMA maximum impulse and early step responses, but not the late step response, suggests that the ARMA method may provide additional information regarding the frequency dependent effects of BP on R-R-interval.
Figure S5 from Delivering Type I Interferon to Dendritic Cells Empowers Tumor Eradication and Immune Combination Treatments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combining checkpoint inhibition with Clec9A-mAFN does not cause toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
The Underbedded–Overbedded Hospital Cycle (2003)

The causes of the current health care crisis are almost too numerous to name: Medicare, Medicaid, spiraling uncompensated care, national nursing shortages, a second gilded age with specialty hospitals for the medical haves and the ED for the have-nots…. But the underlying paradigm of emergency medicine's functional environment is the underbedded–overbedded hospital cycle, which can be examined after first looking at some additional causes of pain such as the recurrent medical malpractice crisis and the coming shortage of on-call consultants.
Olefin Epoxidation in Aqueous Phase Using Ionic‐Liquid Catalysts (2016)

Hydrophobic imidazolium-based ionic liquids (IL) act as catalysts for the epoxidation of unfunctionalized olefins in water using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. Although the catalysts are insoluble in both the substrate and in water, surprisingly, they are very well soluble in aqueous H2 O2 solution, owing to perrhenate-H2 O2 interactions. Even more remarkably, the presence of the catalyst also boosts the solubility of substrate in water. This effect is crucially dependent on the cation design. Hence, the imidazolium perrhenates enable both the transfer of hydrophobic substrate into the aqueous phase, and serve as actual catalysts, which is unprecedented. At the end of the reaction and in absence of H2 O2 the IL catalyst forms a third phase next to the lipophilic product and water and can easily be recycled.