gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Degradation Behavior of LiFePO4/C Batteries during Long-Term Calendar Aging (2021)

With widespread applications for lithium-ion batteries in energy storage systems, the performance degradation of the battery attracts more and more attention. Understanding the battery’s long-term aging characteristics is essential for the extension of the service lifetime of the battery and the safe operation of the system. In this paper, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries were subjected to long-term (i.e., 27–43 months) calendar aging under consideration of three stress factors (i.e., time, temperature and state-of-charge (SOC) level) impact. By means of capacity measurements and resistance calculation, the battery’s long-term degradation behaviors were tracked over time. Battery aging models were established by a simple but accurate two-step nonlinear regression approach. Based on the established model, the effect of the aging temperature and SOC level on the long-term capacity fade and internal resistance increase of the battery is analyzed. Furthermore, the storage life of the battery with respect to different stress factors is predicted. The analysis results can hopefully provide suggestions for optimizing the storage condition, thereby prolonging the lifetime of batteries.
Nanostructured polymer coatings for controlling the wettability of fibrous surfaces (2009)

In this research we present a new approach for modifying and functionalizing the surface properties of fibrous substrates, especially cellulose-based products, by the deposition of organic nanoparticle coatings. The partial imidisation of high-molecular weight poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) in presence of ammonium hydroxide results in a stable water-borne dispersion of nanoparticles with sizes of 50 to 100 nm. The hydrophobic properties of coated paper surfaces are governed by a unique combination of chemical (degree of imidisation) and topographic (porosity and roughness) effects: it has been found that the contact angle increases at a higher degree of imidisation and higher surface roughness. As such, maximum advancing contact angles in the range of 140 to 150° and receding contact angles of 50° can be obtained on paper surfaces.
Method and Apparatus for Creating a Topography at a Surface (2023)

Methods and apparatus whereby an optical interferometer is utilized to monitor and provide feedback control to an integrated energetic particle column, to create desired topographies, including the depth, shape and/or roughness of features, at a surface of a specimen. Energetic particle columns can direct energetic species including, ions, photons and/or neutral particles to a surface to create features having in-plane dimensions on the order of 1 micron, and a height or depth on the order of 1 nanometer. Energetic processes can include subtractive processes such as sputtering, ablation, focused ion beam milling and, additive processes, such as energetic beam induced chemical vapor deposition. The integration of interferometric methods with processing by energetic species offers the ability to create desired topographies at surfaces, including planar and curved shapes.
Villous motility and unstirred water layers in canine intestine (1990)

The possibility that villous motility reduces the mucosal unstirred water layer by mechanical stirring was examined. The frequency of contraction of villi was measured by using videomicroscopic techniques while a segment of anesthetized canine jejunum or ileum with its nerve and blood supply intact was maintained in a sealed chamber through which Tyrode solution was perfused. Radioisotopically labeled inulin, H2O, and butyric and lauric acid were used to measure net and/or unidirectional fluxes from the chamber. The unidirectional absorptive transport of H2O and butyric acid but not lauric acid by jejunal segments was significantly correlated with flow through the chamber. Plasma volume expansion increased villous motility but decreased the absorption of H2O and lauric acid. Absorption of butyric acid from the ileum was little different than from the jejunum although the degree of villous motility was less and net water absorption was greater from the ileum. Absorption of butyric acid into dead tissue indicated that passive diffusion into the tissue accounted for between 7 and 25%, depending on flow rate, of the absorption in intact tissue and that nonspecific binding was low. It was concluded that villous motility did not stir the unstirred water layers and was not directly associated with altered transport.
Supplemental Figure legends from The Human CD38 Monoclonal Antibody Daratumumab Shows Antitumor Activity and Hampers Leukemia–Microenvironment Interactions in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends of Figures S1-S5&lt;/p&gt;
Midregional Fragment of Proadrenomedullin, New-Onset Albuminuria, and Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (ZODIAC-30) (2013)

MR-proADM was associated with CV and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes after a median follow-up of 5.6 years. There was no independent relationship with new-onset albuminuria. In the availability of an extensive set of risk factors, there was little added effect of MR-proADM in risk prediction of CV and all-cause mortality.
Stereoselective and Efficient Total Synthesis of Optically Active Tetrodotoxin from d-Glucose (2008)

A stereoselective and efficient total synthesis of optically active tetrodotoxin (TTX) is described. A polyfunctionalized key cyclitol compound containing branched-chains for the synthesis of TTX was prepared from D-glucose employing the Henry reaction (Nitro aldol reaction) as the key transformation. Stereoselective construction of the alpha-azido-aldehyde branched-chain was achieved via the key spiro alpha-chloroepoxide intermediate.
A Matlab Toolbox for Kriging Metamodelling (2015)

Metamodelling offers an efficient way to imitate the behaviour of computationally expensive simulators. Kriging based metamodels are popular in approximating computation-intensive simulations of deterministic nature. Irrespective of the existence of various variants of Kriging in the literature, only a handful of Kriging implementations are publicly available and most, if not all, free libraries only provide the standard Kriging metamodel. ooDACE toolbox offers a robust, flexible and easily extendable framework where various Kriging variants are implemented in an object-oriented fashion under a single platform. This paper presents an incremental update of the ooDACE toolbox introducing an implementation of Gradient Enhanced Kriging which has been tested and validated on several engineering problems.
LIVE procedure for ischemic heart failure: the evolution of an unique technique (2020)

Abstract Background Ischemic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of heart failure. In patients with left ventricular (LV) dilatation, low ejection fraction, and transmural scar in an anteroseptal distribution, surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) is a treatment option. However, SVR is an invasive procedure which often cannot be offered to patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy due to other comorbidities. Less Invasive Ventricular Enhancement (LIVE) technique is a unique intervention to exclude scarred myocardium, improving symptoms and quality of life. Methods LIVE procedure has evolved from open sternotomy to a hybrid procedure done with right internal jugular vein access and a left minithoracotomy. LV shape and size is restored without extracorporeal circulation by plication of the scarred myocardium. This is achieved by implantation of a series of internal and external microanchors brought together over a poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) tether to make a longitudinal approximation between the LV free wall and the anterior septum. Internal anchors are deployed by a transcatheter technique, through the right internal jugular vein, on the right side of the ventricular septum. Results Between July 2018 and January 2020, 47 patients (84.4% men; mean age 61±12.5 years) were submitted to the LIVE procedure in 16 Institutions in Europe, North America and Asia. Procedural success was 100%. There was no intra-hospital mortality. A mean of 2.3 anchor pairs (median 2) were used to reshape the LV. Echocardiographic data showed an increase in LV ejection fraction (EF) from 31.4±9.2% to 40.0±12.4% (change +29.8%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) reduction from 66.6±29.3 ml/m2 to 40.7±21.5 ml/m2 (change −38%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) reduction from 92.8±39.2 ml/m2 to 60.6±25.9 ml/m2 (change −33.2%, p=0.001) after the procedure. Sternotomy conversion was needed in one patient due to right ventricular perforation. New onset tricuspid valve regurgitation was observed in one patient. There was no case of ventricular septal defect. In the mean follow-up period of 9.8 months, NYHA class improved a median of 1 grade and there was no late mortality. Conclusion Hybrid LV reshaping and volume reduction has proven to be a useful option for patients with symptomatic heart failure after left anterior descending territory myocardial infarction. These results from the latest iteration of the technique show that this approach is safe and has a significant short and mid-term impact on improving EF and reduction in LV. LIVE procedure Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Infrapopliteal drug‐eluting stents for chronic limb ischemia (2007)

The use of below-knee drug-eluting stents is feasible and appears to be safe in our small series of complex infrapopliteal lesions causing chronic limb ischemia. The occurrence of a single case of stent thrombosis warrants continued observation in this cohort. Prospective clinical trials will be necessary to confirm the benefits and justify the costs of this strategy for treating patients with infrapopliteal culprit lesions and chronic limb ischemia.
Abstract C72: Combined pan-RAF and MEK inhibition overcomes multiple resistance mechanisms to selective RAF inhibitors (2015)

Abstract Background RAF and MEK inhibitors are efficacious in BRAF mutant melanoma but not in BRAF mutant colorectal cancer (CRC). To understand the underlying mechanisms of this difference we performed an RNA interference screen to identify loss of function events that sensitize CRC cells to RAF inhibition by PLX4720. Methods A pooled lentiviral library encoding 90,000 shRNAs, targeting 16,500 genes was transduced into the PLX4720-resistant, BRAF mutant RKO CRC cell line. The shRNA-infected cells were split into two experimental arms treated with either PLX4720 or DMSO. After 16 population doublings, the abundance of each shRNA was determined by PCR amplification and deep sequencing of the barcoded shRNA pool. The log-fold change in shRNA reads in the drug-treated condition was calculated relative to the vehicle control. RNAi gene enrichment (RIGER) was employed to rank genes that promoted sensitivity to PLX4720. Candidate genes were validated individually and their effects on cell proliferation, survival and MAPK pathway inhibition assessed. Results Genes involved in maintaining MAPK pathway activity scored prominently in our screen. Knockdown of MET, SHP2, SHOC2 and CRAF by shRNA sensitized cells to PLX4720. Efforts to suppress cell proliferation via single agent pan-RAF or MEK inhibition were more effective across melanoma and colorectal cancer cell lines than PLX4720. Strikingly, combined pan-RAF and MEK inhibition elicited a synergistic response in cell lines showing intrinsic resistance to PLX4720 associated with NF1 or KRAS mutation. Conclusions Resistance to BRAF inhibition is mediated by reactivation of the MAPK pathway in a CRAF-dependent manner. Pan-RAF inhibitors synergize with MEK inhibitors to suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in both BRAF mutant, PLX4720-resistant cell lines and also in KRAS mutant cell lines. Pan-RAF inhibitors are progressing into clinical trials and our data support their use in combination with MEK inhibitors. Citation Format: Steven R. Whittaker, Glenn S. Cowley, Steve Wagner, Flora Luo, David E. Root, Levi A. Garraway. Combined pan-RAF and MEK inhibition overcomes multiple resistance mechanisms to selective RAF inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C72.
Regulation of seed dormancy and germination by nitrate (2018)

Abstract Nitrate promotes seed germination at low concentrations in many plant species, and functions as both a nutrient and a signal. As a nutrient, it is assimilated via nitrite to ammonium, which is then incorporated into amino acids. Nitrate reductase (NR) catalyses the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, the committed step in the assimilation. Seed sensitivity to nitrate is affected by other environmental factors, such as light and after-ripening, and by genotypes. Mode of nitrate action in seed germination has been well documented in Arabidopsis thaliana and the hedge mustard Sisymbrium officinale . In these species nitrate promotes seed germination independent of its assimilation by NR, suggesting that it acts as a signal to stimulate germination. In Arabidopsis, maternally applied nitrate affects the degree of primary dormancy in both wild-type and mutants defective in NR. This indicates that nitrate acts not only during germination, but also during seed development to negatively regulate primary dormancy. Functional genomics studies in Arabidopsis have revealed that nitrate elicits downstream events similar to other germination stimulators, such as after-ripening, light and stratification, suggesting that these distinct environmental signals share the same target(s). In Arabidopsis, the NIN-like protein 8 (NLP8) transcription factor, which acts downstream of nitrate signalling, induces nitrate-dependent gene expression. In particular, a gene encoding the abscisic acid (ABA) catabolic enzyme CYP707A2 is directly regulated by NLP8. This regulation triggers a nitrate-induced ABA decrease that permits seed germination. This review article summarizes an update of our current understanding of the regulation of seed dormancy and germination by nitrate.
The mistaken axioms of wireless-network research (2003)

Most research on ad-hoc wireless networks makes sim-plifying assumptions about radio propagation. The “Flat Earth ” model of the world is surprisingly popular: all ra-dios have circular range, have perfect coverage in that range, and travel on a two-dimensional plane. CMU’s ns-2 radio models are better but still fail to represent many aspects of realistic radio networks, including hills, obstacles, link asymmetries, and unpredictable fading. We briefly argue that key “axioms ” of these types of prop-agation models lead to simulation results that do not ad-equately reflect real behavior of ad-hoc networks, and hence to network protocols that may not work well (or at all) in reality. We then present a set of 802.11 mea-surements that clearly demonstrate that these “axioms” are contrary to fact. The broad chasm between simula-tion and reality calls into question many of results from prior papers, and we summarize with a series of recom-mendations for researchers considering analytic or simu-lation models of wireless networks. 1
Myocyte death in heart failure (1996)

Decompensated eccentric ventricular hypertrophy characterizes the transition from compensated pressure or volume over-load hypertrophy to myocardial dysfunction and failure. Myocyte loss is the major etiologic factor of wall thinning and chamber dilation and may condition the progression of the cardiac myopathy. Myocyte death can occur by apoptosis or necrosis, but the activation of the suicide program of myocytes exceeds necrotic cell death in the pathologic heart of ischemic origin. Whether reactive fibrosis constitutes a primary event in the initiation of ventricular dysfunction or a secondary reaction to myocyte death is an important unanswered question.
High bonding yield and brighter integrated GaN LED and Si-CMOS (2019)

To improve the bonding yield and the brightness of the final integrated Si-CMOS + GaN LED wafer, two issues need to be addressed. The first problem is the surface protrusions such as melt-back etching and hillocks which are the common surface imperfections on the surface of GaN/Si substrates. This prevents the direct contact of the two wafers and create unbonded area. To address this, a CMP process that using conventional SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> slurry with additional diamond nanoparticles is carried out on the GaN (LED)-on-Si wafer prior to the bonding to the Si-CMOS wafer. The second issue is the Si substrate of the GaN LED wafer absorbs photons which lowers the light emitting efficiency of the LEDs. We address this issue by transferring the Si-CMOS + GaN LED films from the Si (111) wafer to a transparent quartz substrate. By addressing these issues, a high bonding yield and high brightness of Si-CMOS + GaN LED on quartz substrate is realized.
Experimental study of Brillouin scattering in fluorine-doped single-mode optical fibers (2008)

We experimentally investigate Brillouin scattering properties in fluorine-doped single-mode optical fibers. The effective acoustic velocities determined from the measured dependences of acoustic resonance frequencies on optical wavelength are approximately equal to the individual acoustic velocities in the core and/or cladding regions. Brillouin gain coefficients are experimentally characterized and compared with that in a standard GeO(2)-doped single-mode fiber. The result indicates that the acousto-optic coupling efficiencies in all fibers are almost 100%, which means that Brillouin threshold value can not be simply increased by fluorine doping. Moreover, it is found that the dependences of acoustic resonance frequencies on applied strain or temperature change are quantitatively enhanced by fluorine dopants, which is in opposite trend when compared with germanium ones.
Coupled velocity and temperature acoustic tomography in heated high subsonic Mach number flows (2019)

Abstract The application of acoustic tomography (AT) for simultaneous velocity and static temperature estimation has generally been restricted to low subsonic Mach number applications due to the increased complexities associated with acoustic refraction, high computational resource requirements, and a limited range of practical applications. The current work describes a novel AT method for application in such conditions and presents the results of a proof of concept laboratory jet experiment. Using a traversed set of acoustic sound source and microphones, acoustic propagation time measurements were collected at Mach 0.48 and 0.72 jet conditions (with total temperatures of 675 K) along three azimuthal orientations and used to perform AT. A comparison of intrusive and non-intrusive measurements showed that a three orientation reconstruction could approximate jet plume size and location within 1/4th of the jet’s radius. Several sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the behavior and limitations of the proposed AT method. In particular, the effects of orientation count, reconstruction resolution, and displacement measurement errors were investigated. The findings of these sensitivity studies were used to make recommendations for future experiments. This application is the first time an acoustic method is used to non-intrusively and simultaneously measure jet velocity and static temperature distributions in high subsonic Mach number flows.
Redesigning care for older people to preserve physical and mental capacity: WHO guidelines on community-level interventions in integrated care (2019)

Islene Araujo de Carvalho and coauthors discuss the WHO guidelines on integrated care for older people.
Structural insights reveal a recognition feature for tailoring hydrocarbon stapled-peptides against the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E protein (2019)

Stapled-peptides have emerged as an exciting class of molecules which can modulate protein-protein interactions. We have used a structure-guided approach to rationally develop a set of hydrocarbon stapled-peptides with high binding affinities and residence times against the oncogenic eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) protein. Crystal structures of these peptides in complex with eIF4E show that they form specific interactions with a region on the protein-binding interface of eIF4E which is distinct from the other well-established canonical interactions. This recognition element is a major molecular determinant underlying the improved binding kinetics of these peptides with eIF4E. The interactions were further exploited by designing features in the peptides to attenuate disorder and increase helicity which collectively resulted in the generation of a distinct class of hydrocarbon stapled-peptides targeting eIF4E. This study details new insights into the molecular basis of stapled-peptide: eIF4E interactions and their exploitation to enhance promising lead molecules for the development of stapled-peptide compounds for oncology.
Symmetrically glass-clad photonic crystal nanocavities with ultrahigh quality factors (2010)

We design and fabricate ultra-high-quality (Q) photonic nanocavities in a symmetrically glass-clad silicon (Si) two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) structure. We theoretically investigate the dependence of the refractive index of the glass on the Q factors for asymmetric and symmetric structures. We show that the index-symmetric distribution of the glass is a critical factor to realize ultrahigh Q factors for glass-clad 2D PhC structures. We fabricate symmetrically glass-clad Si PhC nanocavities and achieve a record Q factor of 1×10(6), comparable with the highest Q factors of nanocavities in air-bridge structures.
Encapsulated out-of-plane differential square-plate resonator with integrated actuation electrodes (2009)

This paper presents a fully encapsulated 12.5 MHz transverse-mode differential square plate resonator that has out-of-plane actuation electrodes integrated into the thin-film microshell encapsulation. The integration of electrodes minimizes the parasitic resistance, which is generally large for out-of-plane device, and the total footprint of the resonator. Feedthrough capacitance is also minimized by utilizing a differential topology. The AC power handling and DC tuning characteristics are also presented. The plate resonator has no noticeable frequency shift even for AC driving voltages ranging from 223 mV to 2.23 V. The center frequency is still tunable by changing the DC bias voltage, which is ideal for applications that require frequency tunability.
Hybrid Mechanoresponsive Polymer Wires Under Force Activation (2012)

Force activation is triggered in a stretched polymer wire with color changes produced as a consequence of the molecules undergoing structural and conformational changes. A markedly increased efficiency of force activation is achieved by decreasing the diameter of the wires. The hybrid mechanosensitive polymer wire can function as micro- and nanoscale force sensor.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Controlled Aggregation of a Photoconductive Dye. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.