gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Templated biomineralization on self-assembled protein fibers (2006)

Biological mineralization of tissues in living organisms relies on proteins that preferentially nucleate minerals and control their growth. This process is often referred to as "templating," but this term has become generic, denoting various proposed mineral-organic interactions including both chemical and structural affinities. Here, we present an approach using self-assembled networks of elastin and fibronectin fibers, similar to the extracellular matrix. When induced onto negatively charged sulfonated polystyrene surfaces, these proteins form fiber networks of approximately 10-mum spacing, leaving open regions of disorganized protein between them. We introduce an atomic force microscopy-based technique to measure the elastic modulus of both structured and disorganized protein before and during calcium carbonate mineralization. Mineral-induced thickening and stiffening of the protein fibers during early stages of mineralization is clearly demonstrated, well before discrete mineral crystals are large enough to image by atomic force microscopy. Calcium carbonate stiffens the protein fibers selectively without affecting the regions between them, emphasizing interactions between the mineral and the organized protein fibers. Late-stage observations by optical microscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy reveal that Ca is concentrated along the protein fibers and that crystals form preferentially on the fiber crossings. We demonstrate that organized versus unstructured proteins can be assembled mere nanometers apart and probed in identical environments, where mineralization is proved to require the structural organization imposed by fibrillogenesis of the extracellular matrix.
Horizontal transport and dispersion in the surface layer of a medium‐sized lake (2003)

Lagrangian GPS drifter experiments, carried out in the surface layer of stratified Lake Kinneret (Israel), are presented. Differential kinematic properties and Lagrangian statistics were calculated and used to estimate the dominant mechanisms for horizontal dispersion. On time scales smaller than a few internal wave periods, internal waves lead to strong divergence and convergence events, causing instantaneous apparent horizontal growth rates that were larger, by up to an order of magnitude, than the actual mean dispersion coefficient. It is shown that the internal wave field modulated the vorticity field so as to satisfy conservation of potential vorticity. On time scales larger than a few internal wave periods, unbounded horizontal shear dispersion was of the same order as the actual mean observed dispersion coefficient (K xy = 17.1 m 2 s −1 ), while vertical shear dispersion was negligible.
Sustainable hydrogen production (1996)

This report describes the Sustainable Hydrogen Production research conducted at the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) for the past year. The report presents the work done on the following four tasks: Task 1--production of hydrogen by photovoltaic-powered electrolysis; Task 2--solar photocatalytic hydrogen production from water using a dual-bed photosystem; Task 3--development of solid electrolytes for water electrolysis at intermediate temperatures; and Task 4--production of hydrogen by thermocatalytic cracking of natural gas. For each task, this report presents a summary, introduction/description of project, and results.
Diffusion of Block Copolymers in Liquid CO2:  Evidence of Self-Assembly from Pulsed Field Gradient NMR (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDiffusion of Block Copolymers in Liquid CO2: Evidence of Self-Assembly from Pulsed Field Gradient NMRJudith B. Cain, Kewei Zhang, Douglas E. Betts, Joseph M. DeSimone, and Charles S. JohnsonView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 36, 9390–9391Publication Date (Web):August 29, 1998Publication History Received20 April 1998Revised3 August 1998Published online29 August 1998Published inissue 1 September 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja981328jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja981328jrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Diffusion,Micelles,Polymers,Transport properties Get e-Alerts
All-optical central-frequency-programmable and bandwidth-tailorable radar architecture (2016)

Modern radar will be reconfigurable and programmable at multi-band central frequency with considerable bandwidth agility. We introduce an all-optical central-frequency-programmable and bandwidth-tailorable radar architecture that was newly proposed. It provides a coherent system by one mode-locked laser for both signal generation and reception. Heterodyning of two individually-filtered pre-chirped optical pulses via wavelength-to-time mapping generates a wideband linearly chirped radar signal. The working bands can be flexibly tailored with the desired bandwidth at a user-preferred carrier frequency. Radar echoes are first modulated onto the pre-chirped optical pulse, which is also used for signal generation, and then stretched in time or compressed in frequency several fold based on the time-stretch principle. Thus, digitization is facilitated without loss of detection ability.
Lineage‐specific epitope profiles for HPAI H5 pre‐pandemic vaccine selection and evaluation (2017)

These findings demonstrate that our analytical approach to evaluate conserved CD8+ T-cell epitope prediction in a phylogenetic framework may provide important insights for computational design of vaccine selection and future epitope-based design.
Data from Revealing Tumor Immunity after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the most effective method for inducing tumor immunity. However, the diversity of target antigens recognized by donor T cells has not been established. New studies show that tumor-reactive T cells are directed against diverse tumor-specific targets as well as minor histocompatibility antigens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enormous H13-211_V1.0 PDF Dumps 2022 To Elevate Exam Skills (2022)

Get Correct H13-211_V1.0 Dumps PDF 2022 - Get Now\n\nReceive the up to date and genuine review product to manual you in the course of the planning from the Huawei H13 211 V1.0 exam and acquire the newest facts and updates. Huawei H13 211 V1.0 dumps pdf are incredibly well-founded and uniquely prepared via the experts and made to perform many of the prerequisites of your Huawei H13-211_V1.0 exam. Many of the information are incredibly educational and significant rated Huawei H13-211_V1.0 pdf dumps will help to realize your task. You can reach the most effective outcomes because of the regular Huawei H13-211_V1.0 exam dumps and make your preparation great. \n\nValidate Your Abilities By making use of The Huawei H13-211_V1.0 Exam Questions\n\nThe Huawei H13-211_V1.0 exam questions are finest to complete your needs with the H13-211_V1.0 exam. Your Huawei H13-211_V1.0 certification will be the demand from customers of your very good occupation, and that means you will boost your preparation by the authentic guidebook of Huawei H13-211_V1.0 dumps pdf. Utilize the Huawei H13 211 V1.0 exam questions and acquire the attested aspects and make your preparing deserving. All of the examine material is created in accordance in your HCIA-Intelligent Computing V1.0 certification needs and simply improves your planning because of the Huawei H13-211_V1.0 Pdf dumps. Many of the H13 211 V1.0 exam questions are confirmed and along with the newest details of information to help you quickly boost your preparing in addition. \n\nGet the Advance HCIA-Intelligent Computing V1.0 PDF dumps With Cost-free Updates\n\nEvery one of the Huawei H13-211_V1.0 exam dumps are current routinely and these updates are totally free of price you may get it using the H13 211 V1.0 dumps pdf. If you have any concern and you simply under no circumstances fully grasp the fabric of your H13-211_V1.0 pdf questions to help you simply call the crew and obtain 24/7 support from listed here. Also, obtain the H13-211_V1.0 demo absolutely free and examine all of the product authenticity and use if this is very best for your preparing. These finest Huawei H13 211 V1.0 pdf questions may help you together with the ideal matters so you can certainly finalise your planning while using the authentic issues and can effortlessly take care of your preparation.\n\nMoney-Back Warranty On the Buy Of Huawei H13 211 V1.0 exam questions\n\nMany of the delivered companies are to the customer's convenience so they can effortlessly put together and have extraordinary achievement. Your planning is often uniquely managed if you can go ahead and take Huawei H13-211_V1.0 pdf dumps effectively. You can find the top results by the Huawei pdf dumps and increase your skilled capabilities using this type of aid. Large your preparing and get the superb approach to assess your planning and become a prosperous accredited within the HCIA-Intelligent Computing V1.0 exam and offer with the many issues as an specialist specialist.
Collaborative Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (2009)

Collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimation is an extension to targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), first introduced by van der Laan and Rubin in 2006. TMLE is an efficient, double robust, semi-parametric methodology for estimating a pathwise differential parameter of a statistical distribution given censored data. The TMLE procedure involves a parametric fluctuation of an initial estimate of the relevant factor of the density of the observed data, &lt;italic&gt;Q&lt;/italic&gt;, that involves estimating the nuisance portion of the likelihood---censoring mechanism, &lt;italic&gt;g&lt;/italic&gt;. DR estimators are consistent when at least one of these is estimated consistently. Though the best approach to nuisance parameter estimation is a current topic of debate in the literature, methods typically rely on maximizing a likelihood for &lt;italic&gt;g&lt;/italic&gt;, however, by establishing the collaborative double robustness of the efficient influence curve, van der Laan and Gruber (2010) provides a theoretical justification for moving away from the practice of external nuisance parameter estimation. That paper also presents the collaborative TMLE (C-TMLE), and provides an algorithm for constructing the estimator. This dissertation explores collaborative double robustness to provide an understanding of the requirements for effective nuisance parameter estimation that are the foundation of C-TMLE, and presents the forward-selection C-TMLE algorithm. This approach to targeted maximum likelihood estimation is especially useful when the true censoring mechanism is unknown, and adjusting for a large number of correlated confounders leads to highly variable estimates. It is also particularly effective when there is sparsity in the data that renders a statistical parameter borderline identifiable. Variations on the C-TMLE estimator are presented, and their behavior is compared and contrasted with several TMLEs and other estimators in the literature using simulated and real data. There is an emphasis on finite sample performance under sparsity and model misspecification, and the incorporation of data-adaptive techniques while still preserving influence-curve based inference. A method for ensuring that TMLEs respect known global constraints on the model is presented, and a guide to the &lt;bold&gt;R&lt;/bold&gt; package &lt;italic&gt;tmle&lt;italic&gt;, for TMLE estimation of binary point treatment effects is provided in the Appendix.
An improved method for the detection of Down's syndrome aneuploidy in uncultured amniocytes (1996)

We report a modified method for the rapid detection of aneuploidies directly on human uncultured amniocytes that simplifies and shortens the entire experimental procedure, yielding signals which allow correct diagnosis of trisomy 21 in 97% of cases. The improvement is based on two points: 1) use of cosmid pockets specific for the Down's syndrome minimal region as FISH probes, and 2) a modified protocol for the fixation and preparation of amniocytes.
Three-dimensional optical storage inside transparent materials: errata (1997)

In our recent Letter1 a line of text was dropped in printing. On p. 2024 the beginning of the paragraph above Fig. 3 should read as follows: "Surprisingly, the 0.5-muJ pulse energy used in these microexplosions...".
Immunoglobulin D Switching Can Occur through Homologous Recombination in Human Β Cells (1990)

Prototypical class switching in mouse and human immunoglobulin heavy chains occurs through recombination of tandem blocks of short repeats located 5' to each heavy chain constant region (CH) except C delta. Deletion of C mu in immunoglobulin D (IgD)-secreting murine plasmacytomas occurs illegitimately. We demonstrate here that in human IgD-secreting myeloma cells freshly isolated from patient bone marrow and in normal peripheral blood B lymphocytes, an IgD switch can occur through homologous recombination of a direct repeat consisting of a 442-bp sequence 1.5 kbp 3' of the JH complex and a 443-bp sequence that is duplicated almost perfectly (96% similarity) 1.7 kbp 5' of the C delta gene (442/443-base-pair [bp] repeat). This homologous recombination mechanism is not exclusive for IgD switching, since C mu deletion endpoints in two established IgD-secreting myeloma cell lines fall outside the 442/443-bp repeat. The 442/443-bp mediated recombination shows cell type specificity, and we propose that it represents a unique mode for increased levels of IgD secretion in humans.
Control of Plasma Uniformity using Phase and Waveform in a Multi-Frequency VHF Plasma Process Chamber (2007)

Summary form given only.VHF power is commonly used to generate plasmas for processing applications due to various benefits including low plasma potential and controllable dissociation. However, plasma uniformity can be difficult to control due to its strong dependence on frequency, load conditions (pressure, power, gas mixture electronegativity), reactor geometry and boundary conditions. This paper addresses the use of phase difference and voltage waveform in controlling plasma uniformity. VHF power of the same frequency is applied to 2 different electrodes, and voltage phase is controlled at the electrode. It is demonstrated that phase difference between electrodes (with respect to reference chamber ground) can be used to control plasma uniformity. A 180 degree out of phase condition maximizes the current between the electrodes, providing a relatively center high plasma density. On the other hand, a 0 degree in phase condition minimizes the current between electrodes, providing a center low plasma. In addition to phase, plasma uniformity can be controlled by changing the applied voltage waveform. A sinusoidal waveform at low frequencies predominantly generates edge high plasma. An asymmetric triangular waveform at low frequency generates higher harmonics (e.g., 2nd and 3rd harmonics) that lead to higher density and plasma tills in the chamber center. VHF frequency can be excited at a sub-harmonic of the desired frequency component. For example, if power at f MHz is desired for one of the VHF sources, it may be excited by driving an f/3 MHz generator. The f/3 MHz generator can then be used to excite the plasma with a higher frequency (in this case f MHz) to produce a center-high plasma uniformity profile. Alternatively, ratio of power of the two VHF sources can be selected to minimize the non-uniformity for a recipe or load condition. The two VHF generators can be coupled together to the same or different electrodes to control plasma uniformity.
Assessing an AI-based smart imagery framing and truthing (SIFT) system to assist radiologists annotating lung abnormalities on chest x-ray images for development of deep learning models (2023)

To assess a Smart Imagery Framing and Truthing (SIFT) system in automatically labeling and annotating chest X-ray (CXR) images with multiple diseases as an assist to radiologists on multi-disease CXRs. SIFT system was developed by integrating a convolutional neural network based-augmented MaskR-CNN and a multi-layer perceptron neural network. It is trained with images containing 307,415 ROIs representing 69 different abnormalities and 67,071 normal CXRs. SIFT automatically labels ROIs with a specific type of abnormality, annotates fine-grained boundary, gives confidence score, and recommends other possible types of abnormality. An independent set of 178 CXRs containing 272 ROIs depicting five different abnormalities including pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary nodule, pneumonia, COVID-19, and fibrogenesis was used to evaluate radiologists’ performance based on three radiologists in a double-blinded study. The radiologist first manually annotated each ROI without SIFT. Two weeks later, the radiologist annotated the same ROIs with SIFT aid to generate final results. Evaluation of consistency, efficiency and accuracy for radiologists with and without SIFT was conducted. After using SIFT, radiologists accept 93% SIFT annotated area, and variation across annotated area reduce by 28.23%. Inter-observer variation improves by 25.27% on averaged IOU. The consensus true positive rate increases by 5.00% (p=0.16), and false positive rate decreases by 27.70% (p&lt;0.001). The radiologist’s time to annotate these cases decreases by 42.30%. Performance in labelling abnormalities statistically remains the same. Independent observer study showed that SIFT is a promising step toward improving the consistency and efficiency of annotation, which is important for improving clinical X-ray diagnostic and monitoring efficiency.
Kink-free SOI analog circuit design with floating-body/NFD MOSFETs (1997)

A novel design approach to ensure general kink-free operation of floating-body/nonfully depleted (NFD) SOI analog circuits is described. The approach involves optimization of the bias and aspect ratios of all transistors that determine gain and current in a circuit such that they operate only in their kink-free voltage windows. The approach is demonstrated via a simulation-based design of the current cells of a 10-b floating-body/NFD DAC that shows good linearity and resolution at dc and frequencies up to 1 GHz. In contrast, the floating-body/NFD DAC without proper optimization shows poor and prohibitive performance.
Minimalist approach meets green chemistry: Synthesis of 18F‐ labeled (hetero)aromatics in pure ethanol (2019)

The application of toxic solvents and additives is inevitable for most of the described protocols for <sup>18</sup> F-labeling. Herein, a novel "green" procedure for nucleophilic aromatic radiofluorination of highly activated (hetero)aromatic substrates in pure EtOH is described. Using this method a series of <sup>18</sup> F-labeled (hetero)arenes have been synthesized in radiochemical yields (RCYs) of up to 97%.
Emerging Alternative Production Systems (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Production Systems Outlook Abbreviations References
Acid−Metal Balance of a Hydrocracking Catalyst:  Ideal versus Nonideal Behavior (2004)

n-Alkane hydrocracking has been previously performed in a perfectly mixed flow reactor at temperatures from 473 to 553 K, pressures from 0.5 to 10 MPa, and molar hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon inlet ratios from 50 to 300 on a USY zeolite loaded with 0.5 wt % Pt1. For a given ratio of metal to acid sites, four important causes affecting the ideal character (i.e., the quasi equilibration of the (de)-hydrogenation reactions) were identified. In the investigated range of operating conditions, (1) a decreasing total pressure, (2) an increasing temperature, (3) an increasing molar hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon inlet ratio, and (4) a higher reactant carbon number lead to nonideality. A kinetic model for nonideal hydrocracking has been derived on the basis of a lumped reaction scheme. With literature values for the kinetic parameters, this allows us to rationalize the deviations from ideality in hydrocracking observed as a function of the operating conditions and to describe the high isomerization yield in ideal hydrocracking and the high cracking yield in nonideal hydrocracking. The results obtained with this lumped kinetic model will serve as a basis for the future development of single-event microkinetics (SEMK) for nonideal hydrocracking.
Metal-bonded graphite foam composites (2023)

A metal-bonded graphite foam composite includes a ductile metal continuous phase and a dispersed phase that includes graphite foam particles.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐α‐ and (.+‐.)‐β‐Copaene and Formal Total Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐Sativene, (.+‐.)‐cis‐Sativenediol, and (.+‐.)‐Helminthosporal. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigating the Functional Heterogeneity of the Default Mode Network Using Coordinate-Based Meta-Analytic Modeling (2009)

The default mode network (DMN) comprises a set of regions that exhibit ongoing, intrinsic activity in the resting state and task-related decreases in activity across a range of paradigms. However, DMN regions have also been reported as task-related increases, either independently or coactivated with other regions in the network. Cognitive subtractions and the use of low-level baseline conditions have generally masked the functional nature of these regions. Using a combination of activation likelihood estimation, which assesses statistically significant convergence of neuroimaging results, and tools distributed with the BrainMap database, we identified core regions in the DMN and examined their functional heterogeneity. Meta-analytic coactivation maps of task-related increases were independently generated for each region, which included both within-DMN and non-DMN connections. Their functional properties were assessed using behavioral domain metadata in BrainMap. These results were integrated to determine a DMN connectivity model that represents the patterns of interactions observed in task-related increases in activity across diverse tasks. Subnetwork components of this model were identified, and behavioral domain analysis of these cliques yielded discrete functional properties, demonstrating that components of the DMN are differentially specialized. Affective and perceptual cliques of the DMN were identified, as well as the cliques associated with a reduced preference for motor processing. In summary, we used advanced coordinate-based meta-analysis techniques to explicate behavior and connectivity in the default mode network; future work will involve applying this analysis strategy to other modes of brain function, such as executive function or sensorimotor systems.