gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of 6‐demethoxy‐N‐formyl‐N‐northebaine and its Diels‐Alder reactions with methyl vinyl ketone and nitroethene; novel 8‐nitro‐substituted 6α,14α‐ethenoisomorphinans and 6β,14β‐ethenomorphinans (chemistry of opium alkaloids, part XXVIII) (1989)

Abstract The synthesis of 6‐demethoxy‐ N ‐formyl‐ N ‐northebaine ( 5 ) and its Diels‐Alder reactions with methyl vinyl ketone and nitroethene are described. N ‐Demethylation of 6‐demethoxythebaine ( 3 ) with diethyl azodicarboxylate, followed by hydrolysis, gave 6‐demethoxy‐ N ‐northebaine ( 4 ) which was N ‐formylated with ethyl formate in DMF to give 5 , using “Ketjencat LA‐LPV Steamed” as a catalyst. Reaction of 5 with methyl vinyl ketone using microwave heating gave the expected 7α‐acetyl‐6α,14α‐ethenoisomorphinan 9 by direct crystallization from the reaction mixture. On the other hand, Diels‐Alder reaction of 5 with nitroethene afforded the 7α‐nitro‐6α,14α‐ethenoisomorphinan 12 as a minor product (10%). The major products were 8α‐nitro‐6α,14α‐ethenoisomorphinan ( 10 ) (50%) and 8β‐nitro‐6β, 14β‐ethenomorphinan ( 11 ) (30%). The structure of the new adducts was elucidated by 1 H NMR. Factors which may influence the course of the Diels‐Alder reaction of morphinan‐6,8‐dienes are discussed. The surprising change in selectivity seems to be governed mainly by steric effects.
Raw Data: Access to Inaccuracy—Response (2014)

We fully agree with A. C. J. W. Janssens and W. K. Dondorp et al. on the importance of considering very carefully what conclusions from analysis of raw data should be returned to data donors. However, that is very different from enabling patients and research participants to access the raw data. The
Association between hospital treatment volume and survival of surgical cases with gynecologic malignancy in Japan (2021)

Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were collected. Study subjects were those: 1) with known endometrial lesions, which including any type of endometrial hyperplasia and any stage of endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium, 2) with symptoms/signs of endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial cancer, including abnormal uterine bleeding with thick endometrial stripe or medically uncontrollable uterine bleeding, as study group. Patients with benign uterine/ovarian tumors were invited as the control group. The sample was collected using a designed cotton swab by study physician and was stored in ??0C until ELISA analysis. Results: Statistically significant elevation of IL-6 titer and VEGF titer but not PRTN-3 among endometrial cancer patients, compared with those with normal uterus or with benign tumors, were noted. No significant differences were observed for PRTN-3 level within the groups. Algorithm for endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer screening is established accordingly.
Molecular, Immunological, and Structural Characterization of Phl p 6, a Major Allergen and P-Particle-Associated Protein from Timothy Grass ( Phleum pratense ) Pollen (1999)

Abstract Due to the wide distribution and heavy pollen production of grasses, ∼50% of allergic patients are sensitized against grass pollen allergens. cDNAs coding for two isoforms and four fragments of a major timothy grass (Phleum pratense) pollen allergen, Phl p 6, were isolated by IgE immunoscreening from a pollen expression cDNA library. Recombinant Phl p 6 (rPhl p 6), an acidic protein of 11.8 kDa, was purified to homogeneity as assessed by mass spectrometry and exhibited almost exclusive α-helical secondary structure as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Phl p 6 reacted with serum IgE from 75% of grass pollen-allergic patients (n = 171). IgE binding experiments with rPhl p 6 fragments indicated that the N terminus of the allergen is required for IgE recognition. Purified rPhl p 6 elicited dose-dependent basophil histamine release and immediate type skin reactions in patients allergic to grass pollen. A rabbit antiserum raised against purified rPhl p 6 identified it as a pollen-specific protein that, by immunogold electron microscopy, was localized on the polysaccharide-containing wall-precursor bodies (P-particles). The association of Phl p 6 with P-particles may facilitate its intrusion into the deeper airways and thus be responsible for the high prevalence of IgE recognition of Phl p 6. Recombinant native-like Phl p 6 can be used for in vitro as well as in vivo diagnoses of grass pollen allergy, whereas N-terminal deletion mutants with reduced IgE binding capacity may represent candidates for immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy with a low risk of anaphylactic side effects.
Soft Keyboard Performance Optimization (2018)

Optimization techniques have played a vital role in improving the performance (i.e., input speed and accuracy) of soft keyboards. This chapter introduces the challenges, methodologies, and results of keyboard performance optimization. Leveraging the robust human motor control phenomena manifested in text entry, we used the Metropolis random walk algorithm, and Pareto multi-objective optimization method to optimize the keyboard layout and a soft keyboard decoder. The optimization led to layouts that shorten finger travel distance and improve the input speed as well as accuracy over the Qwerty layout, and a soft keyboard decoder with improved correction and completion ability.
Six-DOF maglev nano precision microstage development (2010)

Nanometer precision micromotion stage is a critical instrument for nanotechnology and is widely applied in semiconductor lithography and modern microfabrication machines. This paper focuses on the latest development of six-degree-of-freedom (six-DOF) magnetic levitation nanometer precision microstage and its actuating and bearing technology. Compared with the traditional stage, the maglev microstage has simple structure and better dynamic performance. As without friction, deformation and vibration problems, the six-DOF maglev microstage will be further applied and explored in nanometer precision motion systems.
Maximum likelihood estimation under partial sparsity constraints (2013)

We consider the problem of estimating two deterministic vectors in a linear Gaussian model where one of the unknown vectors is subject to a sparsity constraint. We derive the maximum likelihood estimator for this problem and develop the Projected Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (POMP) algorithm for its practical implementation. The corresponding constrained Cramér-Rao bound (CCRB) on the mean-square-error is developed under the sparsity constraint. We then show that estimation in linear dynamical systems with a sparse control can be formulated as a special case of this problem.
King of the Red Chips: Ma'anshan Steel and the Debacle of the “Public” SOE in China (1998)

ON October 26, 1993, the Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Company (“Magang”) completed its offering of “H” shares on the Hong Kong stock exchange, thus becoming one of the first large-scale state-owned enterprises in China to, in effect, “go public.” Ma'anshan Iron and Steel – a sprawling 85,000-employee integrated steel operation on the banks of the Yangtze River – by most measures represents the cutting edge of property-rights reform in Chinese industry. It is a state-owned firm whose assets have been evaluated by a Western accounting firm and whose stock freely circulates on both domestic and international securities markets. Magang is an SOE whose owners now include nonstate actors and whose internal governance structure has been made to resemble corporate models from developed capitalist economies. In the broadest sense, the newly “corporatized” Ma'anshan Iron and Steel is engaged in a revolutionary property-rights experiment that Chinese policy makers hope can save the last great remnant of state socialism in the People's Republic, the large-scale state-owned industrial enterprise.
Associations between Body Mass Index Trajectories in the first two years of life and Allergic Rhinitis, Eczema and Food Allergy outcomes up to early adulthood (2022)

Infants with early-low and catch-up, or below average BMI growth, were at increased risk of allergic rhinitis at 18 years if they had a mother with allergic rhinitis. These results require replication, but suggest that interactions between poor intrauterine growth, failure to thrive and maternal allergies may influence the risk of allergic rhinitis.
Microsurgical arterio‐arterial and arterio‐venous penile revascularization in patients with pure arteriogenic impotence (1994)

Microsurgical penile revascularization restored erectile function in two-thirds of patients in this study. However, further research must be performed to reach a greater understanding of the revascularization process.
Rationale for the design of persistence and query processing facilities in the database programming language O (1989)

ODE is a database system and environment based on the object paradigm. It offers one integrated data model for both database and general purpose manipulation. The database is defined, queried, and manipulated in the database programming language O++, an extension of C++. O++ uses the C++ object definition facility, called the class, to provide data encapsulation and multiple inheritance. O++ extends C++ by providing facilities for creating persistent and versioned objects, defining and manipulating sets, organizing persistent objects into clusters, iterating clusters of persistent objects, and associating constraints and triggers with objects. In this paper, we present the O++ facilities for persistence and query processing, the alternatives considered, and the rationale behind the design choices. 1.
A novel rRNA hybridization-based approach to rapid, accurate Candida identification directly from blood culture (2022)

Candida bloodstream infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality, yet slow diagnostics delay recognition, worsening patient outcomes. We develop and validate a novel molecular approach to accurately identify Candida species directly from blood culture one day faster than standard workflows.
Multi-mode Kernel-Based Minimum Mean Square Error Estimator for Accelerated Image Error Concealment (2016)

Summary form only given. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-mode error concealment algorithm that aims at obtaining high quality reconstructions with reduced computational burden. Block-based coding schemes in packet loss-environment are considered. The proposed technique exploits the excellent reconstructing abilities of the kernel-based minimum mean square error (K-MMSE) estimator [1]. The complexity of our technique is dynamically adapted to the visual complexity of the area being reconstructed. The technique outperforms other state of the art algorithms and produces high quality reconstructions, equivalent to K-MMSE, while requiring less than one fourth of its computational time.
Original Fluorescent Ligand-Based Assays Open New Perspectives in G-Protein Coupled Receptor Drug Screening (2011)

The identification of new drugs exhibiting reduced adverse side-effects constitutes a great challenge for the next decade. Various steps are needed to screen for good ligand candidates and one of them is the evaluation of their binding properties. New strategies based on fluorescence measurement constitute excellent alternatives to the traditional radioactive assays. Less hazardous, faster and cheaper, these methods also exhibit very good sensitivity and can be used on various biological models such as heterologous expression systems or native tissues.
The mechanism by which adenosine and cholinergic agents reduce contractility in rat myocardium. Correlation with cyclic adenosine monophosphate and receptor densities. (1985)

The adenosine analogue phenylisopropyladenosine decreased the basal and isoproterenol-stimulated contractile state of isolated rat left atria. The ED50 levels for both responses were similar, suggesting that direct and antiadrenergic effects may be mediated by the same receptor. Phenylisopropyladenosine decreased the cyclic adenosine monophosphate content of isolated atria and inhibited isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in membranes prepared from atria and ventricles, but not as much as did methacholine. A maximally effective concentration of phenylisopropyladenosine or methacholine greatly reduced atrial contractility measured in the presence of either isoproterenol (1 microM) or Ro7-2956 (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 1 mM); however, in the presence of isoproterenol plus Ro7-2956, the contractile effects of phenylisopropyladenosine and methacholine were greatly attenuated. From the contractile data and cyclic adenosine monophosphate analyses, we conclude that direct and antiadrenergic contractile effects of both phenylisopropyladenosine and methacholine result primarily from their effects on cyclic adenosine monophosphate metabolism. The densities of adenosine, muscarinic, and beta-adrenergic receptors in rat atrial membranes were found to be 30, 551, and 24 fmol/mg protein, respectively, based on equilibrium-binding assays conducted with 125I-aminobenzyl-adenosine, [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate, and 125I-labeled pindolol. The greater effectiveness of methacholine than phenylisopropyladenosine as a negative inotropic agent and an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase in atria may be related to the relative densities of muscarinic and adenosine receptors.
Heating of ceramic joints by a high-power 83-GHz millimeter-wave beam (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. The high power beams which can be generated by CW gyrotrons represent a promising new energy source for high-temperature processing of materials. An experimental facility based on an 83-GHz, 15-kW CW industrial gyrotron, produced by Gycom Ltd., has been set up at the Naval Research Laboratory to investigate novel mm-wave-beam-based approaches to processing ceramic materials including sintering, coating, and joining applications. Current experimental and theoretical studies are investigating the formation of strong bonds between ceramics and between ceramics and metals using controlled, selective heating of the joint region. The development of a successful joining process requires a consideration of the material thermal and dielectric properties to model the response to energy deposition by the beam. In this paper a method of evaluating the time-dependent temperature profile in the joint region is discussed. The region is treated as a composite system comprised of slabs of dielectric material, and the heat conduction problem including heat generation is solved using a Green's function approach. The modeling studies are being used to guide joining experiments in progress. Available results will be presented.
ChemInform Abstract: KOMPLEXCHEMIE REAKTIVER ORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN 10. MITT. METALLKOORDINATION VON AETHOXYCARBONYL‐(4‐NITROPHENYL)CARBEN (1975)

Abstract Die Reaktion der Mn‐THF‐Komplexe (I) mit dem Diazoessigsäureester (II) liefert die Komplexe (III) mit komplexstabilisiertem, eine Estergruppe tragenden Carben.
Combining Genetic Algorithms, Neural Networks and Data Filtering for Time Series Forecasting (1998)

In the last few decades an increasing focus as been put over the field of Time Series Forecasting (TSF), the forecast of a time ordered variable. Contributions from the arenas of Operational Research, Statistics, and Computer Science as lead to solid TSF methods (eg. Exponential Smoothing or Regression) that replaced the old fashion ones, which were primary based on intuition. Although these methods give accurate forecasts on linear Time Series (TS), their handicap is with noise or nonlinear components, which is a commum situation (eg. in financial daily TS). An alternative approach for TSF as recently emerged from the field of Artificial Intelligence, where new optimization algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks have became popular. Following this trend, the present work reports on a Genetic Algoritm Neural Network system, and in its use for TSF.
An evolutionary look at e-commerce (2001)

Theories of natural evolution may have something to teach us about technology. A theory I find appealing is that of punctuated equilibrium proposed by Gould and Eldredge. Traditional evolutionists such as Darwin envisioned a slow and steady evolution of better adapted creatures. Gould and Eldredge observed that the fossil record doesn't support a belief in steady evolution. Instead, they saw long periods of equilibrium with little activity, separated by short bursts of evolution (hence, punctuated). I consider e-commerce as a new technological life form. Will it succeed or fail? This depends on the ecosystems it will inhabit and the species it will displace in order to flourish in (and thus modify) those ecosystems. Some likely candidates for displacement are print catalogs and mail-order purchasing; business processes for purchasing, accounting, and inventory management; manufacturing scheduling and resource allocation; and requirements acquisition.
Nursing grades. In the frame. (2003)

Competency-based frameworks were developed to cover community nursing, school nursing and health visitors, to improve retention and working methods. It identified large variations between organisations and in nurses' ability to progress their careers. The frameworks are run by all six PCTs in the area and cover grades A to H.
Charcot Neuroarthropathy of the Foot and Ankle (1998)

The goal of this study was to characterize Charcot neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle by specific sites of involvement (ankle, hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot), modes of presentation, methods of management, and outcome. A summary of treatment and results for 50 ankles, 22 hindfeet, 131 midfeet, and 18 forefeet is presented. Nondisplaced neuropathic ankle fractures typically healed uneventfully with casting and bracing. For displaced ankle fractures, closed reduction and casting generally resulted in loss of reduction and progressive deterioration; better results were obtained with open reduction and internal fixation, using supplemental Kirschner wires and screws. Ankles with Charcot neuroarthropathy and preexisting arthritis typically required arthrodesis. Of the ankles with neuropathic avascular talar necrosis, approximately 1/3 did well with nonoperative intervention and 2/3 required surgery. Chronic, unstable, malaligned Charcot ankles often required arthrodesis. Neuropathic calcaneal fractures were managed successfully nonoperatively. For feet with transverse tarsal joint involvement (Schon Type IV), management was more complex. Nonoperative treatment was successful for less than 1/2. Two thirds of the feet with midtarsus involvement (Schon Types I, II, and III) were managed successfully nonoperatively; 1/3 required surgery for recurrent ulceration, instability, or osteomyelitis. Half of the feet with forefoot neuroarthropathy required surgery for malalignment, ulceration, and/or difficulty with shoewear or braces. This review has established patterns of Charcot involvement of the foot and ankle with corresponding methods of treatment and subsequent responses. From this extensive clinical experience with 221 neuropathic fractures or Charcot joints, recommendations were derived to assist in selecting appropriate management options.
Guinea Pig Lymphotoxin (LT) (1973)

Abstract Lymphotoxin (LT) was found to be present in the same supernatants as antigen-stimulated guinea pig lymphocytes in which migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) was found. LT activity was determined by staining target cells with trypan blue, counting the cells present in the media and determining their viability, direct observation by time-lapse cinematography and measuring protein synthesis by surviving target cells. Like migration-inhibitory factor, the induction of LT release was antigen specific. LT was effective on a number of different target cell lines; however, young cultures of guinea pig embryo fibroblasts were resistant to it.
"Software of the Mind" - a Review of Applications of Hofstede's Theory to It Research (2008)

We review applications of Hofstedeâs cultural theory to IT research. The objective of this paper is to integrate disparate applications of Hofstedeâs framework in IT research and provide a detailed synthesis of the existing literature grouped by specific IT areas across each of Hofstedeâs cultural dimensions. In this review we carry out an exhaustive quantitative and qualitative analysis of articles that applied Hofstedeâs framework to IT-related research and find that, despite inherent limitations, a national culture perspective has proven useful to all areas of IT-research. We also identify gaps in the existing literature and propose several streams of potential research. Some gaps are due to recent developments in Hofstedeâs framework. Long-Term Orientation, for example, is a recent development and has been applied to IT-research in only a few instances. Other gaps are due to the sporadic and seemingly random application of Hofstedeâs framework to IT-research. There are only a few instances, for example, of applications of Hofstedeâs framework to software development research. The findings of this review will benefit IT researchers wishing to conduct cultural research and will allow researchers to uncover differences and similarities in complex populations that characterize todayâs IT-enabled workforce. By using value-based cultural indicators, such as the dimensions developed by Hofstede (2001), researchers can readily examine a variety of important issues facing the field of IT in todayâs global environment.
Recurrent Failures After 2-Stage Exchanges are Secondary to New Organisms Not Previously Covered by Antibiotics (2022)

Failures following two-stage revisions are frequently due to organisms different than those identified prior to two-stage revision and are likely new infections rather than persistent infections from undetected organisms.
Generalized surface, pseudosurface, and high-frequency pseudosurface acoustic waves on (001), (110), and (111) InSb (2000)

A comprehensive polarization Brillouin study has been carried out on the dependence of the phase velocities of the generalized surface, pseudosurface, and high-frequency pseudosurface acoustic waves on their propagation direction on the (001), (110), and (111) surfaces of InSb. The pseudosurface wave was found to have two angular dispersion branches arising from its respective sagittal and shear-horizontal displacement components. The dispersion curve of the latter was found to extend into regions which are not bounded by the two transverse bulk mode branches, where pseudosurface waves are conventionally thought to be absent. An observation of high-frequency pseudosurface modes in InSb is also reported.