gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface potential decay on LDPE and LDPE/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nano-composites: Measurements and modeling (2016)

Surface potential decay on LDPE and LDPE/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nano-composite films charged by positive corona was studied. Potential distributions and decay on charged samples were measured using non-contact technique under ambient conditions. Results show that addition of 3 wt% of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nano-filler drastically slows down the decay process, confirming this way modification of the charge transport process. The obtained decay characteristics are analyzed by considering various decay models, based on intrinsic conduction, dielectric polarization, surface charge de-trapping as well as charge injection and its transport. Applicability of the first three models is analyzed in terms of derived quantities such as material conductivity, potential decay rate and trap density distribution whereas the latter one is examined by means of computer simulations. Among the studied models, the ones based on dielectric polarization and charge transport provide best fits to potential decay characteristics.
Towards a format-agnostic approach for production, delivery and rendering of immersive media (2013)

The media industry is currently being pulled in the often-opposing directions of increased realism (high resolution, stereoscopic, large screen) and personalization (selection and control of content, availability on many devices). We investigate the feasibility of an end-to-end format-agnostic approach to support both these trends. In this paper, different aspects of a format-agnostic capture, production, delivery and rendering system are discussed. At the capture stage, the concept of layered scene representation is introduced, including panoramic video and 3D audio capture. At the analysis stage, a virtual director component is discussed that allows for automatic execution of cinematographic principles, using feature tracking and saliency detection. At the delivery stage, resolution-independent audiovisual transport mechanisms for both managed and unmanaged networks are treated. In the rendering stage, a rendering process that includes the manipulation of audiovisual content to match the connected display and loudspeaker properties is introduced. Different parts of the complete system are revisited demonstrating the requirements and the potential of this advanced concept.
Nuclear and nucleolar localization of an African swine fever virus protein, I14L, that is similar to the herpes simplex virus-encoded virulence factor ICP34.5. (1999)

PCR analysis of the genomes of 18 different African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates showed that the I14L open reading frame (ORF) was present as either a long form or short form in all of the isolates. Sequencing of the ORF from eight isolates confirmed that both forms of the ORF were well conserved. Antisera raised against the I14L protein identified the long form of the protein as a 21 kDa protein expressed late during ASFV infection. Immunofluorescent analysis of transiently expressed haemagglutinin-tagged forms of the I14L protein showed that the long form of the protein localized predominantly to the nucleus and within the nucleoli. In contrast, although the short form of the protein was also present predominantly in the nucleus, it did not localize to the nucleoli. Deletion of the N-terminal 14 amino acids from the long form of the I14L protein, which includes a high proportion of basic Arg/Lys residues, abolished the specific nucleolar localization of the protein, although the protein was still present in the nucleus. Addition of this 14 amino acid sequence to beta-galactosidase or replacement of the N-terminal 14 amino acids of the I14L short form with those from the long form directed both of these modified proteins to the nucleolus. This indicates that this 14 amino acid sequence contains all the signals required for nucleolar localization.
Understanding of the annealing temperature impact on ion implanted bifacial n‐type solar cells to reach 20.3% efficiency (2014)

Abstract Ion implantation has the advantage of being a unidirectional doping technique. Unlike gaseous diffusion, this characteristic highlights strong possibilities to simplify solar cell process flows. The use of ion implantation doping for n‐type PERT bifacial solar cells is a promising process, but mainly if it goes with a unique co‐annealing step to activate both dopants and to grow a SiO 2 passivation layer. To develop this process and our SONIA cells, we studied the impact of the annealing temperature and that of the passivation layers on the electrical quality of the implanted B‐emitter and P‐BSF. A high annealing temperature (above 1000 °C) was necessary to fully activate the boron atoms and to anneal the implantation damages. Low J 0BSF (BSF contribution to the saturation current density) of 180 fA/cm 2 was reached at this high temperature with the best SiO 2 passivation layer. An average efficiency of 19.7% was reached using this simplified process flow (“co‐anneal process”) on large area (239 cm 2 ) Cz solar cells. The efficiency was limited by a low FF, probably due to contaminations by metallization pastes. Improved performances were achieved in the case of a “separated anneals” process where the P‐BSF is activated at a lower temperature range. An average efficiency of 20.2% was obtained in this case, with a 20.3% certified cell. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States (2017)

Estimates of climate change damage are central to the design of climate policies. Here, we develop a flexible architecture for computing damages that integrates climate science, econometric analyses, and process models. We use this approach to construct spatially explicit, probabilistic, and empirically derived estimates of economic damage in the United States from climate change. The combined value of market and nonmarket damage across analyzed sectors-agriculture, crime, coastal storms, energy, human mortality, and labor-increases quadratically in global mean temperature, costing roughly 1.2% of gross domestic product per +1°C on average. Importantly, risk is distributed unequally across locations, generating a large transfer of value northward and westward that increases economic inequality. By the late 21st century, the poorest third of counties are projected to experience damages between 2 and 20% of county income (90% chance) under business-as-usual emissions (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5).
Quantitation of Oleuropein and Related Metabolites in Decoctions ofOlea europaeaLeaves from Ten Greek Cultivated Varieties by HPLC with Diode Array Detection (HPLC‐DAD) (2005)

Abstract An extraction procedure and chromatographic methodology for the simultaneous quantitation of four major constituents in the boiling water extracts (decoctions) of Olea europaea leaves has been developed. The four studied constituents were oleuropein, elenolic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol. The quantitation was performed using HPLC‐DAD, whereas qualitative data were acquired using LC‐MS. The developed methodology was applied in the study of ten Olea europaea varieties commonly cultivated in Greece. The chromatographic analysis revealed important differences among the varieties. The decoction of variety gaidouroelia was identified as the best source of oleuropein, but it was completely lacking of elenolic acid. The decoction of variety koronaiiki was the best source of hydroxytyrosol, whereas the variety mastoides was the best source of tyrosol and elenolic acid. In addition, the methanol and acetone extracts of one of the studied varieties (koranaiiki) were investigated, in order to compare the concentration of oleuropein in the extracts and the decoction. Interestingly, only a very low percent of the total oleuropein is present in the traditionally prepared decoction, while elenolic acid, which is a minor constituent of the extracts, was found to be one of the major constituents of the decoction.
A layered complexity-aware scalable video encryption scheme (2005)

In this paper, we propose a layered complexity-aware encryption scheme to partially encrypt scalable video bitstreams to achieve reasonable security that the specific application entails and the involved computational complexity allows. The proposed scheme naturally combines wavelet-based scalable video coding technique and the concept of selective encryption. We also study the relationship between rate, distortion, and the involved encryption complexity (R-D-EC). Here, distortion is used to measure the level of security of the encrypted video bitstream, and the percentage of encrypted bitstream is used to denote encryption complexity. Our simulation results indicate that selective encryption using a prioritized bitstream structure provided by scalable video coding can achieve almost bitrate-independent encryption complexity control.
Abstract 2178: Diet-modulated SCAP-SREBP signaling is essential for acinar cell differentiation, pancreatic morphogenesis, and pancreatic adiposity (2022)

Abstract High levels of dietary fats are associated with pancreatitis, diabetes, and pancreatic cancer. Sterol regulatory element binding protein Cleavage-Activating Protein (SCAP) is an essential intermediate in lipid-regulated activation of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein (SREBP) transcription factors, which induce expression of genes regulating lipid homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that the elevated SREBP1 arising from inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in mice genetically predisposed to pancreatic cancer additionally transcribed genes that induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, promoting basal rather than glandular cancer. To further evaluate SCAP and SREBP function in the pancreas, we developed a new mouse model with selective pancreatic knockout of the Scapf/f gene under the control of the Pdx1-Cre promoter (ScapΔpanc mice). Although size of the pancreas in ScapΔpanc neonates was unaffected, and number of islets was normal, there was a reduced number of acinar cells, and some evidence of disorganized tissue structure. Preliminary histopatholgical assessment of pancreatic tissue of ScapΔpanc neonates indicated no acinar cell apoptosis, and unimpaired acinar proliferation, suggesting loss of Scap may cause a differentiation defect. Further supporting this idea, siRNA depletion of Scap in the rat AR42J acinar cell line resulted in loss of markers of mature acinar cell identity. ScapΔpanc pancreata underwent progressive and selective loss of acinar cells as mice aged, with three-month old mice having large areas of acinar cell loss, and mislocalization of ductal cells. Coupled with this loss was a large increase in pancreatic adipocytes and mesenchymal cells, resulting in a highly disorganized tissue morphology accompanied by signs of inflammation. These phenotypes were exacerbated in mice maintained on high fat or high carbohydrate diet. Together, these results imply that SCAP and SREBP signaling in the pancreas plays an important role in mediating dietary modulation of pancreatic development, acinar cell homeostasis, and restraint of pancreatic adiposity. Intrapancreatic fat, associated with obesity and chronic pancreatitis, is a known risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and SCAP polymorphisms have been to interact with diet in regulating obesity and blood pressure in humans; we propose SCAP-SREBP signaling in the pancreas may mediate dietary promotion of pancreatic cancer risk. Citation Format: Anna C. Lilly, Aizhan Surumbayeva, Theodore Nguyen, Igor Astsaturov, Erica A. Golemis. Diet-modulated SCAP-SREBP signaling is essential for acinar cell differentiation, pancreatic morphogenesis, and pancreatic adiposity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2178.
One‐Step Preparation of Fe/N/C Single‐Atom Catalysts Containing Fe−N4 Sites from an Iron Complex Precursor with 5,6,7,8‐Tetraphenyl‐1,12‐Diazatriphenylene Ligands (2021)

Fe/N/C single-atom catalysts containing Fe-N<sub>x</sub> sites prepared by pyrolysis are promising cathode materials for fuel cells and metal-air batteries due to their high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities. We have developed iron complexes containing N2- or N3-chelating coordination structures with preorganized aromatic rings in a 1,12-diazatriphenylene framework tethering bromo substituents as precursors to precisely construct Fe-N<sub>4</sub> sites in an Fe/N/C catalyst. One-step pyrolysis of the iron complex with carbon black forms atomically dispersed Fe-N<sub>4</sub> sites without iron aggregates. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and electrochemical measurements revealed that the iron complex with N3-coordination is more effectively converted to Fe-N<sub>4</sub> sites catalyzing ORR with a TOF value of 0.21 e site<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> at 0.8 V vs. RHE. This indicates that the formation of Fe-N<sub>4</sub> sites is controlled by precise tuning of the chemical structure of the iron complex precursor.
Improving performance via computational replication on a large-scale computational grid (2003)

High performance computing on a large-scale computational grid is complicated by the heterogeneous computational capabilities of each node, node unavailability, and unreliable network connectivity. Replicating computation on multiple nodes can significantly improve performance by reducing task completion time on a grid's dynamic environment. We develop an analytical model to determine the number of task replicas to meet the performance goals in different computational grid configurations. Furthermore, taking advantage of the statistical nature of grid-based Monte Carlo applications, we extend the computational replication technique to an N-out-of-M scheduling strategy for grid-based Monte Carlo applications, which can potentially form a large category of grid-computing applications. In addition, we establish a corresponding model for the N-out-of-M scheduling mechanism. Simulations are used to validate the computational replication models. Our preliminary results show that the models we use are effective in predicting the required number of replicas to achieve short task completion time with a given high probability.
Spontaneous generation of hydrogen peroxide from aqueous microdroplets (2019)

We show H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> is spontaneously produced from pure water by atomizing bulk water into microdroplets (1 μm to 20 µm in diameter). Production of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, as assayed by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-sensitve fluorescence dye peroxyfluor-1, increased with decreasing microdroplet size. Cleavage of 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid and conversion of phenylboronic acid to phenols in microdroplets further confirmed the generation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> The generated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration was ∼30 µM (∼1 part per million) as determined by titration with potassium titanium oxalate. Changing the spray gas to O<sub>2</sub> or bubbling O<sub>2</sub> decreased the yield of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in microdroplets, indicating that pure water microdroplets directly generate H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> without help from O<sub>2</sub> either in air surrounding the droplet or dissolved in water. We consider various possible mechanisms for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> formation and report a number of different experiments exploring this issue. We suggest that hydroxyl radical (OH) recombination is the most likely source, in which OH is generated by loss of an electron from OH<sup>-</sup> at or near the surface of the water microdroplet. This catalyst-free and voltage-free H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production method provides innovative opportunities for green production of hydrogen peroxide.
A novel 50 kDa protein forms complexes with protein phosphatase 4 and is located at centrosomal microtubule organizing centres (2000)

Protein phosphatase 4 (PPP4) is a protein serine/threonine phosphatase that has been implicated in microtubule organization at centrosomes. Complexes of PPP4 with high apparent molecular masses (450 and 600 kDa) were purified from mammalian skeletal muscle and testis to near homogeneity. Amino acid sequences derived from a protein component present in both complexes were utilized to identify a human cDNA. The encoded putative PPP4 regulatory subunit (termed PPP4R2), comprising 453 amino acids, had a molecular mass of 50.4 kDa. The interaction of PPP4R2 with PPP4 catalytic subunit (PPP4c) was confirmed by co-sedimentation of PPP4c with PPP4R2 expressed in bacteria and human cells. PPP4c formed a complex of 450 kDa with baculovirus expressed His(6)-tagged PPP4R2. Immunocytological detection of PPP4R2 at centrosomes suggests that it may target PPP4c to this location. Native 450 kDa and 600 kDa PPP4 complexes are inactive, but can be activated by basic proteins, suggesting that PPP4R2 may also regulate the activity of PPP4c at centrosomal microtubule organising centres.
Improvement of OPC accuracy for 65nm node contact using KIF (2006)

Decreasing k1 factors require improved empirical models for the most critical challenge at 65nm node, contact holes especially. These requirements are reflected in the need for increasingly accurate lithography contour simulations. One of the major contributors to final OPC accuracy is the quality of the optical model. In this study, a new approach to the calibration of an optical model by using KIF will be proposed based upon the real through scanners and steppers of illumination distribution and implement to the OPC kernel.
Effect of CuO on the Thermal Stability of Polyaniline Nanofibers (2014)

Abstract Direct evidence of the control of thermal stability of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers is reported by systematically varying the loadings of CuO in the synthesis process. The addition of Cu was maintained in the range from 0.005 g to 1.0 g. The freshly prepared PANI-CuO composite nanofibers were investigated by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA data showed that the thermal stability of PANI nanofibers was greatly improved when the CuO were added, except for the highest addition of CuO (1.00 g). We also found that 0.01 g loading of CuO is favorable to obtain comparatively more thermally stable PANI than the other amount. The degradation of PANI chains started at 360°C for the PANI-CuO composites obtained at 0.01 g CuO addition, which is the highest temperature compared to PANI and the samples synthesized at other amount of CuO loadings.
Comparison of Monte Carlo and Diffusion Approximation Light Modeling in Small Animal Fluorescence Tomography (2012)

A comparison of the Diffusion approximation and a Monte Carlo approach in the context of small animal fluorescence tomography is presented, forming a foundation for hybrid approaches to improve accuracy of fluorescence tomography.
Associating Time-Codes with RTP Streams (2009)

This document describes a mechanism for associating time-codes, as
defined by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
(SMPTE), with media streams, in a way that is independent of the RTP
payload format of the media stream itself.
Serine integrase chimeras with activity in E. coli and HeLa cells (2014)

In recent years, application of serine integrases for genomic engineering has increased in popularity. The factor-independence and unidirectionality of these large serine recombinases makes them well suited for reactions such as site-directed vector integration and cassette exchange in a wide variety of organisms. In order to generate information that might be useful for altering the specificity of serine integrases and to improve their efficiency, we tested a hybridization strategy that has been successful with several small serine recombinases. We created chimeras derived from three characterized members of the serine integrase family, phiC31, phiBT1, and TG1 integrases, by joining their amino- and carboxy-terminal portions. We found that several phiBT1-phiC31 (BC) and phiC31-TG1 (CT) hybrid integrases are active in E. coli. BC chimeras function on native att-sites and on att-sites that are hybrids between those of the two donor enzymes, while CT chimeras only act on the latter att-sites. A BC hybrid, BC{-1}, was also active in human HeLa cells. Our work is the first to demonstrate chimeric serine integrase activity. This analysis sheds light on integrase structure and function, and establishes a potentially tractable means to probe the specificity of the thousands of putative large serine recombinases that have been revealed by bioinformatics studies.
KANAMYCIN 6''-ACETATE AND RIBOSTAMYCIN 6''-ACETATE, ENZYMATICALLY INACTIVATED PRODUCTS BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (1972)

As reported in a previous paper,1} 3'94rdideoxykanamycin B is converted to its 6;acetate by an enzymatic reaction with ATP, coenzyme A, acetate and an enzyme solution prepared from Pseudomonasaeruginosa GN 315. In this communication, we report the inactivation of kanamycin and ribostamycin (SF-733)2) by the same enzyme solution of P. aeruginosa GN315, producing kanamycin 6'-acetate and ribostamycin 67-acetate.
Computational and Experimental Validation of a WGPu Neutron Leakage Source Using a Shielded PuBe (α,n) Neutron Source (2009)

We propose here a unique, patented shield design that transforms the complex neutron spectrum from a plutonium-beryllium (PuBe) neutron source to nearly the precise neutron signature leaking from a sphere of weapons-grade plutonium (WGPu) material. This will facilitate testing for detection of a significant quantity of weapons plutonium without the expense or risk of testing detector components with real materials. The Monte Carlo (MCNP5) and Deterministic (PENTRAN) computational codes have been used in developing the shield assembly. A nickel composite alloy shield for a PuBe capsule has been designed, built, and laboratory-tested to enable the neutron leakage spectrum from a standard 1-Ci PuBe source (mean energy of 4.6 MeV) to be transformed, through interactions in the shield, into a very close reproduction of the neutron spectrum leaking from a large, subcritical mass of WGPu metal (average neutron energy of 2.1 MeV). Nearly all current calibrations of neutron detectors use 252Cf for generation of a fission neutron spectrum, which decays with a half-life of ~2.7 yr and is very expensive to procure. By converting to this design, PuBe sources relying on 239Pu (T1/2 = 24110 yr) and lasting hundreds of years could then be used to precisely calibrate and test detectors for simulated WGPu neutrons. Alternative custom designs are also possible with further transport-based modeling.