gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reorganization energy in a polybromide ionic liquid measured by scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (2023)

Room temperature ionic liquids (RT-ILs) are promising electrolytes for electrocatalysis. Understanding the effects of the electrode-electrolyte interface structure on electrocatalysis in RT-ILs is important. Ultrafast mass transport of redox species in N-methyl-N-ethyl-pyrrolidinium polybromide (MEPBr<sub>2n+1</sub>) enabled evaluation of the reorganization energy (λ), which reflects the solvation structure in the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP). λ was achieved by fitting the electron transfer rate-limited voltammogram at a Pt ultramicroelectrode (UME) to the Marcus-Hush-Chidsey model for heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics. However, it is time-consuming or even impossible to prepare electrode materials, including alloys of numerous compositions in the form of UME, for each experiment. Herein, we report a method to evaluate the λ of MEPBr<sub>2n+1</sub> by scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM), which allows high throughput electrochemical measurements using a single electrode with high spatial resolution. Fast mass transport in the nanosized SECCM tip is critical for achieving heterogeneous electron transfer-limited voltammograms. Furthermore, investigating λ on a high-entropy alloy materials library composed of Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir, and Ag suggests a negative correlation between λ and the work function. Given that the potential of zero charge correlates with the work function of electrodes, this can be attributed to the surface-charge sensitive ionic structure in the IHP of MEPBr<sub>2n+1</sub>, modulating the solvation energy of the redox-active species in the IHP.
Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth axonal neuropathy mapped on chromosome 7p (CMT2D) (1996)

Clinical, electrophysiological and genetic linkage studies were performed on a large autosomal dominant family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth axonal neuropathy type 2 (CMT2) with 38 members of which 14 were affected. Onset of the disease was between 16 and 30 years of age with weakness and atrophy of the hands more severe than of the feet with slow progressive course in 12 patients. Deep tendon reflexes were absent in the upper extremities and decreased in the lower extremities. There was distal hypesthesia for touch, proprioception and vibration sense for the hands more than for the feet. Motor nerve conduction velocities showed normal values (48-53 M/s) with normal latencies (2-3 msec) and electromyography revealed signs of denervation. Genetic linkage analysis used 167 short tandem repeat markers (STRPs) spaced throughout the 22 autosomes. Linkage to the short arm of chromosome 7 at 7p14 was found using the marker D7S435 (Z = 4.83 at theta = 0). Flanking markers were D7S1808 and D7S1806 and the genetic distance between them was 6.8 cM. The multipoint linkage analysis gave a peek multipoint lod score of 6.89 between the markers D7S1808 and D7S435. Linkage analysis showed significantly negative lod scores (with values less than -2) with markers of chromosomes 1 and 3 where CMT axonal forms have been previously mapped. PFGE analysis indicated the absence of the CMT1A duplication. Our findings are consistent with a new genetic type of axonal CMT neuropathy designated by us as CMT2D. Potential candidate genes are multiple T-cell gamma receptor genes which map to the same cytogenetic interval as CMT2D neuropathy.
The effects of electron irradiation on triple-junction Ga/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P/GaAs/Ge solar cells (2002)

Ga/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P/GaAs/Ge solar cells have been fabricated at Spectrolab under the Multijunction Solar Cell Manufacturing Technology (Mantech) program, sponsored by the US Air Force and NASA. The cells were irradiated with increasing 1 MeV electron fluences, and the degradation of their PV parameters was characterized using light I-V and external QE. Analysis of the PV parameters of the GaInP top subcell showed little degradation, and was not a limitation for triple junction (3J) cell performance. Furthermore, the radiation degradation of the Ge subcell PV parameters was almost negligible. The GaAs subcell I/sub sc/, however, did limit the device performance as is traditionally documented. The final-to-initial maximum power ratio (P/P/sub 0/) of 3J cells was near 0.833 at a fluence of 1/spl times/10/sup 15/ e/sup -//cm/sup 2/, and matches Spectrolab's presently established value of 0.83 for standard production of space-qualified dual-junction cells.
Endothelial dysfunction and the occurrence of radial artery spasm during transradial coronary procedures: the ACRA-Spasm study (2016)

Endothelial dysfunction was not found to be a predictor of the occurrence of radial artery spasm in a cohort of patients undergoing elective heart catheterisation. Radial artery-sheath mismatch is the strongest pre-procedural predictor of RAS.
Adaptive transaction routing in a heterogeneous database environment (2003)

The issue of transaction routing in a heterogeneous database environment is examined where transaction characteristics like reference locality implies that certain processing systems can be identified as being, in general, more suitable than others for a given transaction class. Routing which ignores these distinctions in an attempt to balance system load can degrade system performance. An adaptive routing strategy is considered which: (1) estimates the response time based on a steady-state analysis; (2) monitors how well actual response time conforms to the estimate; and (3) adaptively adjusts future estimates through a feedback control based on (2). It is found that the adaptive strategy greatly enhances performance robustness as compared to the results of the strategy without feedback. The feedback process used alleviates the sensitivity to accurate estimations of workload and system parameters. Various simulation studies are used to illustrate the adaptive strategy's robustness.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wnt7a induces a unique phenotype of monocyte‐derived macrophages with lower phagocytic capacity and differential expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (2017)

The variation of macrophage functions suggests the involvement of multiple signalling pathways in fine tuning their differentiation. Macrophages that originate from monocytes in the blood migrate to tissue in response to homeostatic or 'danger' signals and undergo substantial morphological and functional modifications to meet the needs of the dominant signals in the microenvironment. Wnts are secreted glycoproteins that play a significant role in organ and cell differentiation, yet their impact on monocyte differentiation is not clear. In this study, we assessed the role of Wnt1 and Wnt7a on the differentiation of monocytes and the subsequent phenotype and function of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). We show that Wnt7a decreased the expression of CD14, CD11b, CD163 and CD206, whereas Wnt1 had no effect. The Wnt7a effect on CD11b was also observed in the brain and spleen of Wnt7a<sup>-/-</sup> adult brain mouse tissue and in embryonic Wnt7a<sup>-/-</sup> tissue. Wnt7a reduced the phagocytic capacity of M-MDMs, decreased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 secretion and increased IL-6 secretion. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Wnt7a generates an MDM phenotype with both pro-inflammatory and alternative MDM cytokine profiles and reduced phagocytic capacity. As such, Wnt7a can have a significant impact on macrophage responses in health and disease.
Correlation between diet and gut bacteria in a population of young adults (2016)

Dietary habits strongly influence gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to compare and correlated the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla, some representative bacteria of these phyla such as Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Prevotella, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium leptum and Bifidobacterium longum as a member of Actinobacteria phylum in young adults with their food intake. Faecal samples used came from lean subjects (BMI = 19.83 ± 0.94 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI = 27.17 ± 0.51 kg/m(2)) and obese (BMI = 41.33 ± 5.25 kg/m(2)). There were significant differences in total studied gut microbiota between the overweight and lean groups. Members of the Firmicutes phylum, and Bifidobacterium longum, were more abundant in the lean group. The results suggest that diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids and fibre promote an abundant population of beneficial bacteria such as B. longum and Bacteroidetes. However, it has been considered that the results may be biased due to the size of the individuals studied; therefore the results could be only valid for the studied population.
Coupled External Cavity Photonic Crystal Enhanced Fluorescence (2013)

We report a fundamentally new approach to enhance fluorescence in which surface adsorbed fluorophore-tagged biomolecules are excited on a photonic crystal surface that functions as a narrow bandwidth and tunable mirror of an external cavity laser. This scheme leads to ∼10× increase in the electromagnetic enhancement factor compared to ordinary photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence. In our experiments, the cavity automatically tunes its lasing wavelength to the resonance wavelength of the photonic crystal, ensuring optimal on-resonance coupling even in the presence of variable device parameters and variations in the density of surface-adsorbed capture molecules. We achieve ∼105× improvement in the limit of detection of a fluorophore-tagged protein compared to its detection on an unpatterned glass substrate. The enhanced fluorescence signal and easy optical alignment make cavity-coupled photonic crystals a viable approach for further reducing detection limits of optically-excited light emitters that are used in biological assays. (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time-gated Cherenkov emission spectroscopy from linear accelerator irradiation of tissue phantoms (2012)

External radiotherapy beams have been shown to be able to emit Cherenkov radiation. Traditionally, continuous wavelength (CW) acquisition method is adopted to measure the Cherenkov emission. In this work, a time-gated-acquisition method is introduced to measure the Cherenkov emission generated by external radiation beams from linear accelerator (LINAC) in a tissue mimic phantom. The results by the gating method are compared with the results by traditional continuous wavelength acquisition method. The presented time-gated-acquisition method is shown to be an effective way to enhance the intensity of the Cherenkov emission over the ambient light. The potential application of this acquisition method is discussed.
Erratum: “Sequence and domain arrangements influence mechanical properties of elastin‐like polymeric elastomers,” Biopolymers 99, 392–407 (2013) (2013)

In the article entitled, “Sequence and Domain Arrangements Influence Mechanical Properties of Elastin-Like Polymeric Elastomers,” Biopolymers 2013;99(6):392–407, an inaccurate figure was published. The authors apologize for the error and any inconvenience caused.
Extension to Ubiquitous: Mobile Peer‐To‐Peer (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: P2P Systems Definition and Main Classes Some Problems with DHTs Mobile Peer-to-Peer Summary and Conclusion
Deep Attribute Driven Image Similarity Learning Using Limited Data (2017)

In this work, we propose to derive the attribute specific similarity score for a pair of images using an existing parent deep model. As an example, given two facial images, we derive a similarity score for attributes like gender and complexion using an existing face recognition model. It is not always feasible to train a new model for each attribute, as training of deep neural network based model requires a large number of labelled samples to reliably learn the parameters. Hence, in the proposed framework a similarity score for each attribute is obtained as a weighted combination of all the hidden layer features of the parent model. The weights are attribute specific, and are estimated by minimizing the proposed triplet based hinge loss criteria over small number of labelled samples. Although generic, the proposed approach is developed in the context of a specific application to search for social media profiles of suspects of law enforcement agencies. To measure the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we have also created a social media dataset "LFW Social (LFW-S)", corresponding to the Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW) dataset. The key motivation behind our approach is not to improve upon the existing baseline methods but to reduce the overhead of generating a labeled dataset for learning new attribute. However, it is worth noting that the learnt attribute driven models performs at par with the existing baseline models on attribute driven ranking task.
Implementation of a Safe, Efficient, and Robust Whipstock System (2022)

Abstract The whipstock system has successfully improved on operation efficiencies by reducing the total operational time by up to 50%. This is achieved by the system's ability to bypass the upfront cleanup / gauge run, on site assembly, and limitations on running speed. The absence of personnel in the red zone decreased the associated risk during deployment of the system. Even when met with faulty draw works, poor well conditions, and ovality in the casing the system was deployed without issues. Flawless execution of the system was demonstrated by setting the whipstock on the first attempt. The quality of the window was verified with the passing of a rotary steerable drilling assembly. No additional trips were required to ream or polish the casing exit window. The mill to whipstock interface delivers on improved safety, robustness, and efficiency of a casing exit operation. This connection provides a positive impact in the reduction of carbon emissions by effectively decreasing the required time to perform a casing exit. The redundant set anchor prevents additional runs due to its redundant activation feature and its ability to be reset and reoriented if required. This system delivers on improved safety, robustness, and efficiency of a casing exit operation by providing a positive impact in the reduction of carbon emissions. From multiple aspects, decreasing the required time to prepare the well and perform a casing exit.
Possible contribution of hyalocytes to idiopathic epiretinal membrane formation and its contraction (2009)

Hyalocytes might be one of the critical components of ERM mediating its contractile property through the effect of TGF-beta2 in the vitreous fluid.
Cyclosporin for refractory ulcerative colitis (2003)

Approximately 15% of patients with ulcerative colitis will have a severe attack requiring hospitalisation for intravenous steroids at some stage in their illness.1 Sixty per cent of patients treated with corticosteroids will be symptom free by the end of five days, 15% will have significant improvement, and 25% will not improve. Those who fail to improve may be treated with intravenous cyclosporin or undergo colectomy.

There have been four controlled studies of intravenous cyclosporin in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Of 20 patients reported by Lichtiger et al , nine were randomised to receive placebo and 11 to receive cyclosporin 4 mg/kg/day as a continuous infusion for 14 days.2 Nine of 11 cyclosporin treated patients (82%) responded compared with none of the placebo treated patients. Those who responded were continued on oral cyclosporin 8 mg/kg/day. At six months, 5/11 cyclosporin treated patients (45%) maintained a …
Jigsaw phase III: a miniaturized airborne 3-D imaging laser radar with photon-counting sensitivity for foliage penetration (2007)

Jigsaw three-dimensional (3D) imaging laser radar is a compact, light-weight system for imaging highly obscured targets through dense foliage semi-autonomously from an unmanned aircraft. The Jigsaw system uses a gimbaled sensor operating in a spot light mode to laser illuminate a cued target, and autonomously capture and produce the 3D image of hidden targets under trees at high 3D voxel resolution. With our MIT Lincoln Laboratory team members, the sensor system has been integrated into a geo-referenced 12-inch gimbal, and used in airborne data collections from a UH-1 manned helicopter, which served as a surrogate platform for the purpose of data collection and system validation. In this paper, we discuss the results from the ground integration and testing of the system, and the results from UH-1 flight data collections. We also discuss the performance results of the system obtained using ladar calibration targets.
Gene-dependent yeast cell death pathway requires AP-3 vesicle trafficking leading to vacuole membrane permeabilization (2021)

Abstract Unicellular eukaryotes are suggested to undergo self-inflicted destruction. However, molecular details are sparse by comparison to the mechanisms of cell death known for human cells and animal models. Here we report a molecular pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leading to vacuole/lysosome membrane permeabilization and cell death. Following exposure to heat-ramp conditions, a model of environmental stress, we observed that yeast cell death occurs over several hours, suggesting an ongoing molecular dying process. A genome-wide screen for death-promoting factors identified all subunits of the AP-3 adaptor complex. AP-3 promotes stress-induced cell death through its Arf1-GTPase-dependent vesicle trafficking function, which is required to transport and install proteins on the vacuole/lysosome membrane, including a death-promoting protein kinase Yck3. Time-lapse microscopy revealed a sequence of events where AP-3-dependent vacuole permeability occurs hours before the loss of plasma membrane integrity. An AP-3-dependent cell death pathway appears to be conserved in the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans .
Altered Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 Function Affects the Development of Cortical Parvalbumin Interneurons by an Indirect Mechanism (2016)

Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) gene has been linked to schizophrenia and related major mental illness. Mouse Disc1 has been implicated in brain development, mainly in the proliferation, differentiation, lamination, neurite outgrowth and synapse formation and maintenance of cortical excitatory neurons. Here, the effects of two loss-of-function point mutations in the mouse Disc1 sequence (Q31L and L100P) on cortical inhibitory interneurons were investigated. None of the mutations affected the overall number of interneurons. However, the 100P, but not the 31L, mutation resulted in a significant decrease in the numbers of interneurons expressing parvalbumin mRNA and protein across the sensory cortex. To investigate role of Disc1 in regulation of parvalbumin expression, mouse wild-type Disc-1 or the 100P mutant form were electroporated in utero into cortical excitatory neurons. Overexpression of wild-type Disc1 in these cells caused increased densities of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the electroporated area and in areas connected with it, whereas expression of Disc1-100P did not. We conclude that the 100P mutation prevents expression of parvalbumin by a normally sized cohort of interneurons and that altering Disc1 function in cortical excitatory neurons indirectly affects parvalbumin expression by cortical interneurons, perhaps as a result of altered functional input from the excitatory neurons.
Data from Universal Marker and Detection Tool for Human Sarcoma Circulating Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;To date, no specific marker exists for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) from different types of sarcomas, though tools are available for detection of CTCs in peripheral blood of patients with cancer for epithelial cancers. Here, we report cell-surface vimentin (CSV) as an exclusive marker on sarcoma CTC regardless of the tissue origin of the sarcoma as detected by a novel monoclonal antibody. Utilizing CSV as a probe, we isolated and enumerated sarcoma CTCs with high sensitivity and specificity from the blood of patients bearing different types of sarcoma, validating their phenotype by single cell genomic amplification, mutation detection, and FISH. Our results establish the first universal and specific CTC marker described for enumerating CTCs from different types of sarcoma, thereby providing a key prognosis tool to monitor cancer metastasis and relapse. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 74(6); 1645–50. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Occlusion detectable stereo-systematic comparison of detection algorithms (1996)

In stereo algorithms with more than two cameras, the improvement of accuracy in correspondence search is often reported. On the other hand, another important aspect of the polynocular stereo is the ability of occlusion detection. The camera matrix stereo SEA, which we have developed, offers a simple but effective framework to detect the presence of occlusion and to obtain reliable correspondence. SEA can produce a dense and accurate depth map with sharp object profiles. In this paper, we made some systematic comparison of several algorithms for occlusion detection in SEA. The results are quite interesting and reasonable. They are useful to design an actual polynocular stereo system.
Fluorescence Detection of Glycoproteins in Gels and on Electroblots (2002)

Glycosylation of proteins is a dynamic post-translational modification commonly found in eukaryotes, changing with development, differentiation, and disease state. Identification of glycoproteins is important for completely characterizing the population of proteins found at a given point in time. This unit contains protocols for identifying glycoproteins in general using a fluorescence based periodate/Schiff base method and those containing specific carbohydrates using a lectin-based fluorescent method.
Expression of PGK1 by Prostate Cancer Cells Induces Bone Formation (2009)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the solid tumors that metastasize to the bone. Once there, the phenotype of the bone lesions is dependent upon the balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. We previously reported that overexpression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) in PCa cell lines enhanced bone formation at the metastatic site in vivo. Here, the role of PGK1 in the bone formation was further explored. We show that PCa-derived PGK1 induces osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. We also found that PGK1 secreted by PCa inhibits osteoclastogenesis. Finally, the expression levels of the bone-specific markers in PCa cells were higher in cells overexpressing PGK1 than controls. Together, these data suggest that PGK1 secreted by PCa regulates bone formation at the metastatic site by increasing osteoblastic activity, decreasing osteoclastic function, and expressing an osteoblastic phenotype by PCa cells.