gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model of electrofiltration in a filter press with anode flushing (2016)

The model of electrofiltration in two-sided filter press with anode flushing by filtrate recirculation is presented. The model describes the impact of anode flushing, electrical current density, and applied pressure on the electrofiltration rate. Main feature of this model is the possibility of electroosmotic backflow of filtrate at anode side of the filter press. The model can be used for the optimization of electrofiltration parameters for sludges with different properties (zeta potential and specific cake resistance). The model was applied for description of the drilling sludge electrofiltration at different values of applied pressure and electrical current density.
Physical and functional interaction between wild-type p53 and mdm2 proteins. (1994)

The mdm2 oncogene, which is often amplified in mammalian tumors, produces a number of transcripts that encode distinct protein forms. Previous studies demonstrating that overexpression of the mdm2 gene can activate its transforming potential, and can inhibit the transcriptional activation function of p53, prompted us to begin to explore possible functional differences among the various mdm2 products. Utilizing a transient transfection assay, we have evaluated four naturally occurring murine mdm2 forms for their ability to inhibit p53-mediated transcriptional activation of reporter genes regulated by p53 response elements. Three of these mdm2 forms were found to physically associate with the wild-type p53 protein and to possess the ability to inhibit its transactivation function. A fourth form failed to exhibit either of these functions. This last mdm2 form lacks the N-terminal protein domain that is present in the other three splice forms examined, pointing to this region as one that is critical for complex formation with the p53 protein. Identifying such differences among mdm2 proteins provides important clues for dissecting their functional domains, and emphasizes that defining the individual properties of these products will be critical in elucidating the overall growth control function of the mdm2 gene.
Data from Identification of Inhibitors of ABCG2 by a Bioluminescence Imaging–Based High-Throughput Assay (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;ABCG2 is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transporters, the overexpression of which is associated with tumor resistance to a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. Accordingly, combining ABCG2 inhibitor(s) with chemotherapy has the potential to improve treatment outcome. To search for clinically useful ABCG2 inhibitors, a bioluminescence imaging (BLI)–based assay was developed to allow high-throughput compound screening. This assay exploits our finding that d-luciferin, the substrate of firefly luciferase (fLuc), is a specific substrate of ABCG2, and ABCG2 inhibitors block the export of d-luciferin and enhance bioluminescence signal by increasing intracellular d-luciferin concentrations. HEK293 cells, engineered to express ABCG2 and fLuc, were used to screen the Hopkins Drug Library that includes drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as drug candidates that have entered phase II clinical trials. Forty-seven compounds showed BLI enhancement, a measure of anti-ABCG2 activity, of ≥5-fold, the majority of which were not previously known as ABCG2 inhibitors. The assay was validated by its identification of known ABCG2 inhibitors and by confirming previously unknown ABCG2 inhibitors using established &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; assays (e.g., mitoxantrone resensitization and BODIPY-prazosin assays). Glafenine, a potent new inhibitor, also inhibited ABCG2 activity &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. The BLI-based assay is an efficient method to identify new inhibitors of ABCG2. As they were derived from a FDA-approved compound library, many of the inhibitors uncovered in this study are ready for clinical testing. [Cancer Res 2009;69(14):5867–75]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Identification of Soft Failure Mechanisms Triggered by ESD Stress on a Powered USB 3.0 Interface (2018)

The objective of this work is to identify electrostatic discharge (ESD) related soft failure mechanisms early in the product life cycle. We compare different methods of injecting ESD stress into USB 3.0 interfaces which are regularly exposed to ESD stress during end-user operation. A directional injection method is applied which is compatible to high-speed line operation and capable to provide quantitative information about failure levels. Soft failure modes are investigated depending on the operational state of the system under test. Five typical categories of soft failure modes of a USB 3.0 interface could be identified. A method to use the characterization data gained from system verification boards for final system design is presented.
Application of a Two-Layer Model to Correct for Skin Pigmentation in Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging of the Healthy Breast (2020)

We describe the extension of a two-layer inverse model for optical property quantification in healthy breast and present a method for optimizing assignment of epidermal absorption coefficient in participants of varying skin tones.
Improved Sand-Screen Design for Multi-Joint Flow Control (2014)

Abstract A new sand screen design that enables collection and control of production flow from multiple sand-screen joints has been developed; the control in this design is in the form of a sliding-sleeve circulating device that is at a single point and enables flow from multiple joints. This type of functionality was developed previously for use in multiple-zone frac- or gravel-packs as a means of helping to control flows and pressures more efficiently in zones other than the one being packed. However, these early designs were less efficient in use of available geometry than the new design, which uses, 1) tall wire ribs of a wire-wrapped structure to create an annular flow space, and 2) an innovative crimping technology that uses plastic deformation of metal components to connect the annular flow space across connections between sand-screen joints during rig assembly. Although the initial use of the new screen design was planned to provide an improvement to existing multi-zone packing systems (the new screens are already being planned for use in two deep-water lower tertiary projects in the Gulf of Mexico), alternative uses are now being envisioned for the design. Future uses may be as stand-alone or gravel-packed screens in long (probably horizontal) intervals, where a single circulating sleeve can control a longer portion of the interval. Another improvement being considered is the incorporation of passive inflow-control device (ICDs or AICDs) functionality into the single flow points for multiple screens. Additionally, with minor modification, it is anticipated that the new screen design will be conducive to installing tracer materials in the channels between ribs of the annular flow space.
Monitoring cardiac output and left atrial pressure by analysis of the right ventricular pressure waveform based on missing output identification (2009)

A proven implantable device is now available for long-term ambulatory monitoring of the right ventricular pressure (RVP) waveform of congestive heart failure patients. However, cardiac output (CO) and left atrial pressure (LAP) are far more useful for assessing cardiac function and managing volume status. We developed a new technique to monitor both CO and LAP by analysis of the RVP waveform based on missing output identification. We initially evaluated the technique against gold standard reference CO and LAP measurements from two dogs during common hemodynamic interventions. We report overall CO and LAP errors of 13.3% and 1.9 mmHg, respectively. With further successful testing, the technique may potentially be employed with an established implantable device for chronic monitoring of vital hemodynamic variables.
Removal of biologic response modifiers associated with platelet transfusion reactions: strategies worth considering? (2014)

International audience
Detecting industrial discharges at an advanced water reuse facility using online instrumentation and supervised machine learning binary classification (2022)

Industries occasionally discharge slugs of concentrated pollutants to municipal sewers. These industrial discharges can cause challenges at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and reuse systems. For example, elevated total organic carbon that is refractory through biological wastewater treatment increases the required ozone dose, or even exceeds the capacity of the ozone unit, resulting in a treatment pause or diversion. So, alert systems are necessary for potable reuse. Machine learning has many advantages for alert systems compared to the status quo, fixed thresholds on single variables. In this study, industrial discharges were detected using supervised machine learning and hourly data from sensors within a WWTP and downstream advanced treatment facility for aquifer recharge. Thirty-five different types of machine learning models were screened based on how well they detected an industrial discharge using default tuning parameters. Six models were selected for in-depth evaluation based in their training set accuracy, testing set accuracy, or event sensitivity: Boosted Tree, Cost-Sensitive C5.0, Oblique Random Forest with Support Vector Machines, penalized logistic regression, Random Forest Rule-Based Model, and Support Vector Machines with Radial Basis Function Kernel. After optimizing the tuning parameters and variable selection, Boosted Tree had the highest testing set accuracy, 99.2%. Over the 5-day testing set, it had zero false positives and would have detected the industrial discharge in 1 h. However, setting fixed thresholds based on the maximum normal datapoint within the training set resulted in nearly as good testing set accuracy, 98.3%. Overall, this study was a successful desktop proof-of-concept for a machine learning-based alert system for potable reuse.
Nitrates in Combination with Hydralazine in Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Proof-of-Concept Study (2020)

Our pilot study does not support the addition of H-ISDN on top of standard medical therapy to improve exercise capacity in patients with CRS.
Acousto-optic estimation of correlations and spectra using triple correlations and bispectra (1992)

The relationships between lower and higher order cumulants of deterministic and random continuous signals are presented. This theory is used to develop time- and frequency-domain algorithms for the estimation of correlations (spectra) from triple correlations (bispectra) using acousto-optic processors. Cumulants are of interest because they are insensitive to a wide class of additive noises, including Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. Thus, noise-insensitive correlation (spectrum) estimates can be derived from higher order correlations (polyspectra). The potential for noise insensitivity is examined through the variance of power spectrum estimates based on conventional (second-order) and bispectrum statistics. A proof-of-principle experiment was carried out using an acousto-optic four-product processor to estimate the autocorrelation of a wideband periodic signal. The experimental data are compared with a simulation to validate the results.
Damage Characteristics And Micromechanics of Impact Resistant Engineered Cementitious Composites (2010)

This paper presents results of deliberate tailoring of Engineered Cementitious Composites for impact resistance. Microstructure control involving fiber, matrix and fiber/matrix interface was based on steady state dynamic crack growth analyses accounting for rate dependencies of composite phases. Uniaxial tensile stress-strain curves of the resulting impact resistant ECCs were experimentally determined for strain rates ranging from 10-5 to 10-1 s-1. Drop weight tower test on impact resistant ECC panels and beams were also conducted. Damage characteristics, load and energy absorption capacities, and response to repeated impacts, were studied.
Lovastatin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity as well as association of p85 subunit to tyrosine-phosphorylated PDGF receptor. (1993)

Lovastatin inhibits mitogenesis in cultured cells and growth of tumors in vivo by unknown mechanism(s). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3-kinase) is a putative second messenger-generating enzyme whose physical association with the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) has been demonstrated to be required for the mitogenic activity of PDGF in cultured fibroblasts. Here we examine the effect of lovastatin on PDGF- and insulin-stimulated PI-3-kinase activity. In quiescent NIH-3T3 cells, PDGF (25 ng/ml) and insulin (200 nM) stimulate PI-3-kinase activity 10- and 6-fold, respectively. However, overnight pretreatment of cells with 10 microM lovastatin inhibits this stimulation of PI-3-kinase activity by PDGF and insulin. Immunoprecipitation of the PI-3-kinase p85 subunit demonstrates a PDGF-dependent association of PI-3-kinase with the tyrosine-autophosphorylated PDGFR. However, upon exposure of cells to 10 microns lovastatin for 40 h, the level of autophosphorylated PDGFR associating with PI-3-kinase after PDGF stimulation decreases significantly (75% reduction). No change in the expression of the PI-3-kinase p85 subunit was observed after treatment of cells with lovastatin. These results demonstrate that lovastatin disrupts a major growth factor signaling pathway and that inhibition of PDGF-induced association of PI-3-kinase with PDGFR and subsequent inhibition of PI-3-kinase activity is one potential mechanism by which lovastatin inhibits cell growth.
Life is CMOS: why chase the life after? (2002)

This paper discusses potential solutions to the CMOS device technology scaling at gate lengths approaching 10 nm. Promising circuit and design techniques to control leakage power are described. Energy-efficient microarchitecture trends for general-purpose microprocessors are elucidated.
A multi-faceted approach to sex and gender equity in solid organ transplantation: The Women in Transplantation Initiative of The Transplantation Society (2022)

The advancement of women's careers in transplantation continues to be challenging. Academic careers in both basic and clinical disciplines in transplantation, such as surgery and management of end organ failure in medical specialties, have been underrepresented by diverse genders and ethnicities. Over the last decade, the Women in Transplantation Initiative (WIT) has solidified to becoming an internationally recognized organization with activities focused on diversity and inclusion in terms of the sexes. The WIT organization is divided into 3 pillars that address career advancement and networking (Pillar 1), scientific investigation and presentations on sex and gender in transplantation (Pillar 2) and investigating and facilitating equitable access to transplantation for women throughout the world (Pillar 3). By taking this multipronged approach of collaborating across continents, leveraging virtual platforms for information dissemination and discussion, and providing financial support for research, WIT has become a highly visible grass roots organization that aims to improve the experience of women as transplant professionals as well as transplant donors and recipients.
A very small active-matrix LCD panel with monolithically integrated peripheral driver circuits (2003)

The authors demonstrate a very small active-matrix LCD (liquid crystal display) panel, 21 mm*25 mm, having driver circuits on a single quartz substrate. In order to increase the channel mobility of the TFT, a novel technology for solid-phase growth of the polysilicon film on the quartz substrate was developed. The typical subthreshold characteristics of the fabricated p- and n-channel TFTs in the polysilicon film are reported. An LCD panel containing the peripheral driver circuits and the active matrix has been successfully fabricated by the conventional CMOS process. The output signal waveforms of the fabricated horizontal shift register are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Characterisation of Smart Grid DoS Attacks (2021)

Traditional power grids are evolving to keep pace with the demands of the modern age. Smart grids contain integrated IT systems for better management and efficiency, but in doing so, also inherit a plethora of cyber-security threats and vulnerabilities. Denial-of-Service (DoS) is one such threat. At the same time, the smart grid has particular characteristics (e.g. minimal delay tolerance), which can influence the nature of threats and so require special consideration. In this paper, we identify a set of possible smart grid-specific DoS scenarios based on current research, and analyse them in the context of the grid components they target. Based on this, we propose a novel target-based classification scheme and further characterise each scenario by qualitatively exploring it in the context of the underlying grid infrastructure. This culminates in a smart grid-centric analysis of the threat to reveal the nature of DoS in this environment.
CARNet: A Dynamic Autoencoder for Learning Latent Dynamics in Autonomous Driving Tasks (2022)

Autonomous driving has received a lot of attention in the automotive industry and is often seen as the future of transportation. Passenger vehicles equipped with a wide array of sensors (e.g., cameras, front-facing radars, LiDARs, and IMUs) capable of continuous perception of the environment are becoming increasingly prevalent. These sensors provide a stream of high-dimensional, temporally correlated data that is essential for reliable autonomous driving. An autonomous driving system should effectively use the information collected from the various sensors in order to form an abstract description of the world and maintain situational awareness. Deep learning models, such as autoencoders, can be used for that purpose, as they can learn compact latent representations from a stream of incoming data. However, most autoencoder models process the data independently, without assuming any temporal interdependencies. Thus, there is a need for deep learning models that explicitly consider the temporal dependence of the data in their architecture. This work proposes CARNet, a Combined dynAmic autoencodeR NETwork architecture that utilizes an autoencoder combined with a recurrent neural network to learn the current latent representation and, in addition, also predict future latent representations in the context of autonomous driving. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model in both imitation and reinforcement learning settings using both simulated and real datasets. Our results show that the proposed model outperforms the baseline state-of-the-art model, while having significantly fewer trainable parameters.
A NEURAL NETWORK PROCESSOR USING FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTAL SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATORS IN AN OPTICAL POLARISATION ROTTING LOGIC SCHEME (1988)

A new formulation for opto-electronic implementation of the Hopfield model is described. Ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators are used as optical polarisation rotating logic elements in a direct storage vector processor architecture.
Serglycin-binding proteins in activated macrophages and platelets (1996)

The major proteoglycan in macrophages and platelets is the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan serglycin. To study the biological role of serglycin, its binding to secreted and cell-associated proteins from macrophages and blood platelets was examined. Affinity chromatography with serglycin-Sepharose and chondroitin sulphate-Sepharose was used to isolate proteoglycin-binding proteins from macrophages and platelets. Antibodies against human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) precipitated a 14-kDa 35S-methionine-labeled protein among the chondroitin sulfate binding proteins secreted from the macrophage-like U937 cells after stimulation. Two proteins from murine macrophage J774 cells with molecular masses of approximately 10 and 14 kDa were precipitated by an antiserum against the murine MIP-1 alpha. Protein sequencing of fragments obtained by trypsin digestion of a 14-kDa chondroitin sulfate-binding protein from cell extracts of stimulated U937 cells revealed 100% homology with lysozyme, a bacteriolytic enzyme. Fragment of one other protein with approximate molecular mass of 8 kDa showed high homology with bone morphogenetic protein. Inhibition studies showed that chondroitin 6-sulfate inhibited the bacteriolytic activity of lysozyme in a competitive manner more efficiently than heparin and chondroitin 4-sulphate. Amino-terminal sequencing of two proteins from platelet extracts that bound to serglycin-Sepharose revealed that they corresponded to multimeric forms of human platelet factor 4 (PE4). Chondroitin sulfate-Sepharose was shown to be equally efficient in retaining PF4 from platelet extracts as serglycin-Sepharose indicating that the glycosaminoglycan chains mediate the binding to PF4 in the intact proteoglycan molecule. Competition experiments showed that serglycin was as efficient as heparin sulfate in blocking the binding of [3H] chondrotin sulfate to PF4, whereas heparin was one order of magnitude more efficient. Affinity measurements using fluoresceinamine-labeled glycosaminoglycans showed that the affinity of heparin for PF4 is on the order of 30 nM, whereas chondroitin sulfate has an affinity of 260 nM. Both PF4, MIP-1 alpha, and lysozyme play important role in different types of inflammatory reactions. The interaction with serglycin may indicate that this proteoglycan is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response.
80 - micron interaction length silicon photonic crystal waveguide modulator (2005)

An ultracompact silicon electro-optic modulator was experimentally demonstrated based on silicon photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides for the first time to our knowledge. Modulation operation was demonstrated by carrier injection into an 80μm-long silicon PhC waveguide of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure. The π phase shift driving current, Iπ, across the active region is as low as 0.15mA, which is equivalent to a Vπ of 7.5mV when a 50Ω impedance-matched structure is applied. The modulation depth is 92% operating at 1567nm.