gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Design of an Electrically Actuated Resonant Switch (2012)

We present modeling and simulation of a new device concept of an electrically actuated resonant switch (EARS), which can be tuned to be triggered at low levels of acceleration, as low as those of earthquakes. The device is realized by mounting an electrostatically actuated cantilever microbeam with a mass at the tip on top of a compliant board or a printed circuit board PCB, which is modeled as a hinged-hinged beam. A distributed-parameter model of the device is derived for the microbeam and the PCB using Hamilton’s principle based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam model. The equations are then discretized using the Galerkin procedure. A nonlinear numerical dynamic analysis is performed in order to characterize the behavior and performance of the device when subjected to acceleration pulses. We conduct a parametric study showing several curves of dynamic pull-in threshold for various values of electric voltage loads and frequency of excitations. We show that the device can be triggered at a wide range of acceleration ranging from 0.4g-200g for various values of the DC and AC voltages.
Machine Learning Techniques for Detecting Attackers During Quantum Key Distribution in IoT Networks With Application to Railway Scenarios (2021)

Internet of Things (IoT) deployments face significant security challenges due to the limited energy and computational power of IoT devices. These challenges are more serious in the quantum communications era, where certain attackers might have quantum computing capabilities, which renders IoT devices more vulnerable. This paper addresses the problem of IoT security by investigating quantum key distribution (QKD) in beyond 5G networks. An algorithm for detecting an attacker between a transmitter and receiver is proposed, with the side effect of interrupting the QKD process while detecting the attacker. Afterwards, Artificial neural network (ANN) and deep learning (DL) techniques are proposed in order to detect the presence of an attacker during QKD without the need to disrupt the key distribution process. An architecture for implementing QKD in beyond 5G IoT networks is proposed, offloading the heavy computational tasks to IoT controllers. In addition, an implementation scenario for securing IoT communications for sensors deployed in railroad networks is described. The results show that the proposed ML techniques can reach 99% accuracy in detecting attackers.
The TLR4 polymorphism predicts the response of breast cancer patients to anthracyclins (2007)

10612 Background: Conventional anticancer therapy mainly relies upon chemotherapy which supposedly directly eliminates tumor cells. However, we showed in mice that chemotherapy-induced tumor cell death markedly enhanced T-cell mediated tumor rejection, suggesting a role of innate immune receptors in the response to anthracyclins. Moreover, anthracyclins are less effective in athymic nude or Toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) deficient mice (Obeid et al. Nat. Med. 2006). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TLR4 (896A/G, Asp299Gly) affecting the extracellular domain of TLR4 is associated with reduced endotoxin responses in humans. We addressed whether the TLR4 SNP could affect the response to anthracyclins in breast cancer patients. Methods: We included 280 patients from three cancer centers bearing non-metastatic breast cancer presenting with lymph node involvement and treated with anthracyclin-based regimen after local surgery. TLR4 genotyping performed on leukocytes (PCR based on exonuclease degradation of dual labelled allele-specific oligos) and statistical analyses were performed in a blinded fashion. Results: The frequency of Asp299Gly (heterozygote) and Gly299Gly (homozygote) TLR4 germline polymorphisms was 17.1 and 0.7 % respectively. Patients that exhibited a mutated TLR4 allele did not differ from patients displaying the normal TLR4 allele for all classical prognostic factors (age, pathological tumor size, lymph node involvement, tumor grade, hormone receptors, and median follow up, p&gt;0.05). However, the frequency of metastases was statistically higher in the mutated TLR4 group five years after surgery (40% versus 26.5% in non mutated patients, p &lt;0.05, RR: 1.7, 95% CI [1.2–3.6]). Moreover, the Kaplan Meier estimate of metastasis-free survival indicated an overall significantly lower percentage of metastases-free patients in the mutated TLR4 group (Log rank test, p = 0.03). Conclusions: It is the first demonstration of the role of innate immunity and TLR4 in the response to anthracyclins in localized breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Magnetic properties of ZnMnO nanopowders solvothermally grown at low temperature from zinc and manganese acetate (2006)

The authors demonstrate that nanometer size ZnMnO nanopowders, grown from zinc and manganese (II) acetates at low temperatures under microwave radiation, are free of Mn clusters and the inclusion of Mn oxides. These nanopowders show a strong paramagnetic phase with only a weak antiferromagnetic contribution due to Mn–Mn interactions.
Enantiotropically related polymorphs of gaboxadol hydrochloride (2013)

Gaboxadol hydrochloride, also known as THIP hydrochloride (systematic name: 3-hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-oxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-6-ium chloride), C6H9N2O2(+)·Cl(-), exists as two enantiotropically related polymorphs. Transformation between the polymorphs occurs in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal manner at 221 K, and the enthalpy of transformation from the high-temperature form to the low-temperature form is -0.7 kJ mol(-1). Single-crystal structures have been determined at 298 and 220 K. At 298 K, the structure is triclinic (space group P overline 1), with two formula units in the crystallographic asymmetric unit. At 220 K, the structure is monoclinic (space group I2/a), with one formula unit in the asymmetric unit. The structures contain identical hydrogen-bonded layers and the transformation between the polymorphs corresponds to a shift of adjacent layers relative to each other. The transformation is shown to be reversible by differential scanning calorimetry and variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction.
INDIRECT ALLORECOGNITION OF DONOR CLASS II MHC PEPTIDES INDUCES ANTIBODY MEDIATED VASCULAR REJECTION OF CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS (1998)

649 In order to investigate the role and effector mechanisms of indirect allorecognition in allograft rejection, we studied whether priming T cells with donor-derived MHC peptides could accelerate rejection in a vascularized allograft model. LEW recipients of WF cardiac allografts were immunized 7 days prior to transplantation with a mixture of the immunogenic donor strain 15-25 mer class I or II MHC peptides in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Control animals were immunized with adjuvant alone or with non-immunogenic peptides emulsified in CFA. Post-transplantation, the animals were briefly immunosuppressed with cyclosporine (5mg/day s.c. for 7 days) and the grafts were allowed to reject. There was no difference in the time to rejection of cardiac allografts after immunizing the animals with the non-immunogenic class II MHC peptides in CFA or with CFA alone (graft survival 21.1 ± 1.1 versus 22.7±2.4, p=NS). In contrast, animals immunized with the immunogenic class II MHC peptides and treated with cyclosporine rejected their grafts in an accelerated fashion on day 17.0 ± 1.2 days (p=0.04 compared with CFA group and p=0.03 compared with the non-immunogenic peptide group, n=6/group). Specificity was confirmed by the lack of acceleration of rejection of third party BN cardiac allografts (graft survival 19.8±0.3 versus 19.8±1.0 for controls, p=NS). Additional studies demonstrated that, although both were immunogenic, the RT1.Du (HLA-DR like) but not the RT1.Bu (HLA-DQ like) allopeptides were responsible for accelerating the rejection process (17.0±1.9 versus 24.0±0.5 days, p=0.007). Histological analysis of cardiac allografts explanted at the time of rejection revealed marked vascular rejection in the accelerated, though not the control group. In addition, both groups had severe cellular rejection. Immunohistological analysis of allografts in the accelerated, but not the control groups, revealed marked vascular endothelial cell deposition of IgG2a, complement and fibrin, and upregulation of class II MHC expression. In the serum peak production of donor-specific IgM and IgG alloantibodies, detected by flow cytometry analysis, occurred one week earlier in the accelerated as compared with the control group. Interestingly, immunization with immunogenic or non-immunogenic class I MHC allopeptides did not accelerate graft rejection in this model. This is the first demonstration that class II MHC allopeptide primed T cells accelerate rejection of cardiac allografts by inducing an alloantibody mediated vascular type rejection. In our model, a clear hierarchy of MHC peptide immunodominance (class II versus class I, and RT1.D versus RT1.B) exists in relation to effector mechanisms of graft rejection. These data provide evidence of a definitive link between indirect allorecognition and the effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.
Deep learning techniques for digital satellite communications (2022)

Satellite communication (SatCom) has been in rapid evolution during the last decades. The rapid growth of space industry is making satellite technologies available to more companies and private customers. However, despite the technology improvements, the capacity of SatCom systems is still subject to the limitations presented by physical communication channels. In fact, signals travelling from the earth surface to near-space artificial satellites are strongly attenuated by long propagation distances, and deteriorated by atmospheric and extraterrestrial noise. At the same time, compensating for noise and attenuation is only possible at the cost of increasing the power consumption or reducing the data rate of the transmitting devices. Hence, SatCom systems need intelligent strategies for the allocation of power and bandwidth resources [1].
Naver Labs Europe (SPLADE) @ TREC Deep Learning 2022 (2023)

This paper describes our participation to the 2022 TREC Deep Learning challenge. We submitted runs to all four tasks, with a focus on the full retrieval passage task. The strategy is almost the same as 2021, with first stage retrieval being based around SPLADE, with some added ensembling with ColBERTv2 and DocT5. We also use the same strategy of last year for the second stage, with an ensemble of re-rankers trained using hard negatives selected by SPLADE. Initial result analysis show that the strategy is still strong, but is still unclear to us what next steps should we take.
Effect of Free Volume on Water and Salt Transport Properties in Directly Copolymerized Disulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Random Copolymers (2011)

The influence of cation form and degree of sulfonation on free volume, as probed via positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), and water and salt transport properties was determined in a systematic series of directly copolymerized disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers. Polymer samples were studied in both the dry and hydrated states. PALS-based estimates of free volume in the dry polymers were compared with those estimated using density and the Bondi group contribution method, and PALS-based free volume data for hydrated polymers were correlated with water and salt transport properties. The transport properties depend strongly on free volume cavity size. Samples with larger free volume elements have higher water and salt solubility, diffusivity, and permeability and lower water/salt diffusivity and permeability selectivity. Sorption of water alters the characteristic free volume of the polymer matrix by two competing mechanisms: water molecules partially occupy the original free volume in the initially dry polymer, thereby reducing free volume cavity size, and water swells the polymer matrix therefore increasing the mean free volume size as a result of increased polymer chain plasticization. The importance of the second effect increases as water uptake and, thus, plasticization increases.
Bladder Outlet Obstruction versus Impaired Detrusor Contractility: The Role of Uroflow (1991)

The uroflow curves of 45 men with either bladder outlet obstruction or impaired detrusor contractility were retrospectively reviewed. The definitive diagnoses were attained by clinical and video-urodynamic studies with simultaneous detrusor pressure and uroflow measurements. Eight parameters were analyzed to determine if uroflow can differentiate obstruction from impaired contractility. There were no differences between the 2 groups in any of the parameters. This finding suggests that uroflowmetry as a single examination cannot distinguish between bladder outlet obstruction and impaired detrusor contractility.
Lithium Bromide (2006)

[7550-35-8] BrLi (MW 86.85) InChI = 1S/BrH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 InChIKey = AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M (source of nucleophilic bromide;2 mild Lewis acid;1 salt effects in organometallic reactions;1 epoxide opening1) Physical Data: mp 550 °C; bp 1265 °C; d 3.464 g cm−3. Solubility: 145 g/100 mL H2O (4 °C); 254 g/100 mL H2O (90 °C); 73 g/100 mL EtOH (40 °C); 8 g/100 mL MeOH; sol ether, glycol, pentanol, acetone; slightly sol pyridine. Form Supplied in: anhyd white solid, or as hydrate. Purification: dry for 1 h at 120 °C/0.1 mmHg before use; or dry by heating in vacuo at 70 °C (oil bath) for 24 h, then store at 110 °C until use. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: for best results, dry before use in anhyd reactions.
Survey of Literature (2006)

Alternatively spliced neuronal nitric oxide synthase mediates penile erection. KJ Hurt, SF Sezen, HC Champion, JK Crone, MA Palese, PL Huang, A Sawa, X Luo, B Musicki, SH Snyder, AL Burnett. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103:3440–3.
Physical Model for NAND operation in SOI and Body-Tied Nanocrystal FinFLASH memories (2007)

Here we present a semi-analytical model for nanocrystal-based (NCs) FinFLASH memories under uniform stress: Fowler-Nordheim (FN) write/erase, gate disturb and data retention are addressed. This model is able to catch the essential features related to the non-uniform trapped charge distribution in such a complex 3D structure. Both body tied and SOI devices are included in the model. Main conclusions are related to the different characteristic times of charge trapping over fin corners or planar fin regions: double dynamics during programming, intrinsic disturb immunity of written state in FF cells. The aspect ratio impact on DeltaV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> is also evaluated showing a slightly better performance of body tied devices.
Zwitterionic Weak-Link Approach Complexes Based on Anionic Icosahedral Monocarbaboranes (2013)

The anionic hemilabile phosphinothioether ligand, [1-(Ph2PCH2CH2S)-closo-1-CB11H11 ](-), which is functionalized with an anionic icosahedral monocarbaborane anion, was synthesized in three steps from [HNMe3][closo-CB11H12]. The ligand was used to synthesize a family of zwitterionic Weak-Link Approach (WLA) complexes that contain platinum(II), palladium(II), and rhodium(I). These complexes were characterized using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Although the C-bound [closo-CB11H11](-) anion behaves as an electron-withdrawing moiety, hemilabile phosphinothioether ligands that are based on this unit are strongly chelating, as determined via the measurement of the chloride association constant. The chelating strength is comparable to that of hemilabile ligands that are functionalized with the very electron-rich B-bound closo-1,7-C2B10H11 moiety, thus demonstrating the use of charge to influence ligand coordination strength. The anionic Rh(I) WLA complex that is synthesized using this ligand can act as the noncoordinating anion of a regular cationic Rh(I) WLA complex. Thus, an unprecedented type of salt, in which the anion and cation are mutually isostructural and isoelectronic WLA complexes, has been synthesized and characterized crystallographically.
10-Gbps, 5.3-mW Optical Transmitter and Receiver Circuits in 40-nm CMOS (2012)

We describe transmitter and receiver circuits for a 10-Gbps single-ended optical link in a 40-nm CMOS technology. The circuits are bonded using low-parasitic micro-solder bumps to silicon photonic devices on a 130-nm SOI platform. The transmitter drives oval resonant ring modulators with a 2-V swing and employs static thermal tuners to compensate for optical device process variations. The receiver is based on a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with 4-kΩ gain and designed for an input power of - 15 dBm, a photodiode responsivity of 0.7 A/W, and an input extinction ratio of 6 dB. It employs a pair of interleaved clocked sense-amplifiers for voltage slicing and uses a DLL with phase adjustment for centering the clock in the data eye. Periodic calibration allows for adjustment of both voltage and timing margins. At 10 Gbps, the transmitter extinction ratio exceeds 7 dB and, excluding thermal tuning and laser power, it consumes 1.35 mW. At the same datarate, the receiver consumes 3.95 mW. On-chip PRBS generators and checkers with 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sup> -1 sequences confirm operation at a BER better than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> .
Laboratory Experimental Testbeds: Application to the PCS Auction (2017)

The use of laboratory experimental methods in economics has been growing rapidly. With each application, new insights are gained into how the methodology can be used to supplement the more traditional forms of research. Such was the case with the development of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) policy for the auction of licenses for personal communication systems (PCS). At several different stages the laboratory experimental methods of economics were used. The application differed at each of these stages, representing the different types of relationships that can exist among theory, observation, and policy. This paper is a brief account of the applications.
Carbon monoxide activation by organoactinides. .eta.2-Acyl-carbon monoxide coupling and the formation of metal-bound ketenes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon monoxide activation by organoactinides. .eta.2-Acyl-carbon monoxide coupling and the formation of metal-bound ketenesKenneth G. Moloy, Tobin J. Marks, and Victor W. DayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 17, 5696–5698Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00355a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00355a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Sequence Features of E. coli mRNAs Affect Their Degradation (2011)

Degradation of mRNA in bacteria is a regulatory mechanism, providing an efficient way to fine-tune protein abundance in response to environmental changes. While the mechanisms responsible for initiation and subsequent propagation of mRNA degradation are well studied, the mRNA features that affect its stability are yet to be elucidated. We calculated three properties for each mRNA in the E. coli transcriptome: G+C content, tRNA adaptation index (tAI) and folding energy. Each of these properties were then correlated with the experimental transcript half life measured for each transcript and detected significant correlations. A sliding window analysis identified the regions that displayed the maximal signal. The correlation between transcript half life and both G+C content and folding energy was strongest at the 5' termini of the mRNAs. Partial correlations showed that each of the parameters contributes separately to mRNA half life. Notably, mRNAs of recently-acquired genes in the E. coli genome, which have a distinct nucleotide composition, tend to be highly stable. This high stability may aid the evolutionary fixation of horizontally acquired genes.
Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype-selective analogues differentially suppress in vitro growth hormone and prolactin in human pituitary adenomas. Novel potential therapy for functional pituitary tumors. (1997)

Previously, we have shown somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype-specific regulation of growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and prolactin (PRL) secretion in human fetal pituitary cultures, where GH and thyroid-stimulating hormone are mediated by both SSTR2 and SSTR5, whereas SSTR2 preferentially mediates PRL secretion. We now tested SSTR subtype-selective analogues in primary human GH- and PRL-secreting pituitary adenoma cultures. Analogue affinities determined by membrane radioligand binding in cells stably expressing human SSTR forms were either SSTR2 or SSTR5-selective. Analogues preferential either for SSTR2, including octreotide, lanreotide, and novel compounds with improved affinity for SSTR2, or new SSTR5-selective compounds suppressed GH in tumor cell cultures (up to 44% of control; P < 0.0005). However, novel analogues from both groups were 30-40% more potent than octreotide and lanreotide in suppressing GH (P < 0.05). Heterologous analogue combinations containing both SSTR2- and SSTR5-selective compounds were more potent in decreasing GH than analogues used alone (P < 0.05), or than combinations of compounds specific for the same receptor subtype (P < 0.005). In contrast, SSTR2-selective analogues did not suppress PRL release from six cultured prolactinomas studied. However, new SSTR5-selective analogues suppressed in vitro PRL secretion (30-40%; P < 0.05) in four of six prolactinomas. These results suggest that both SSTR2 and SSTR5 are involved in GH regulation in somatotroph adenoma cells, whereas SSTR5 exclusively regulates PRL secretion from prolactinoma cells. Thus, somatostatin analogues with improved selective binding affinity for these receptor subtypes may be effective in the treatment of either GH- or PRL-secreting adenomas.
High performance Fresnel-based photovoltaic concentrator (2010)

It is essential to obtain high values of tolerance for CPV concentrators because manufacturing process always implies some accuracy errors. This paper presents the Fresnel Köhler concentrator (FK), an advanced optical concentrator comprising a Fresnel lens as a primary element and a refractive secondary element, both presenting free-form surfaces. This optic produces both, the desired light concentration and high tolerance (i.e. high acceptance angle), as well as an excellent light homogenization by Köhler integration simultaneously. A comparison between the FK and other current conventional Fresnel-based CPV concentrators is also presented, being our concentrator superior to its competitors in terms of tolerances, irradiance homogeneity and manufacturability.