gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Realization of a bipolar atomic Šolc filter in the cavity-QED microlaser (2010)

We report experimental realization of a rudimentary atomic \ifmmode \check{S}\else \v{S}\fi{}olc filter, recently proposed by Hong et al. [Opt. Express 17, 15455 (2009)]. It is realized by employing a bipolar atom-cavity coupling constant in the cavity-QED microlaser operating with a TEM${}_{10}$ mode in a strong coupling regime. The polarity flip in the coupling constant dramatically changes the photoemission probability of a two-level atom relative to unipolar coupling, resulting in multiple narrow emission bands in the detuning curve of the microlaser mean photon number. The observed resonance curves are explained well by a two-step, three-dimensional, geodesic-like motion of the Bloch vector in the semiclassical limit.
Resource management for real-time communication: making theory meet practice (2002)

This paper focuses on bridging the gap between theory and practice in the management of host CPU and link resources for real-time communication. Using our implementation of real-time channels, a paradigm for real-time communication in packet-switched networks, we illustrate the tradeoff between resource capacity and channel admissibility, which determines the number and type of real-time channels that can be accepted for service and the performance delivered to best-effort traffic. We demonstrate that this tradeoff is affected significantly by the choice of implementation paradigms and the grain at which CPU and link resources are multiplexed amongst active channels. To account for this effect we extend the admission control procedure for real-time channels originally proposed using idealized resource models. Our results show that practical considerations significantly reduce channel admissibility compared to idealized resource models. Further, the optimum choice of multiplexing grain depends on several factors such as resource preemption overheads, the relationship between CPU and link bandwidth, and the interaction between link bandwidth allocation and CPU bandwidth allocation.
Identification of a Minimum Enhancer Sequence for the Type II Collagen Gene Reveals Several Core Sequence Motifs in Common with the Link Protein Gene (1996)

The type II collagen gene (Col2a1) is expressed primarily in chondrocytes. Transcription of Col2a1 is mediated by cell-specific regulatory elements located within the promoter and first intron. Here, we map a minimal enhancer and identify elements that determine cartilage-specific Col2a1 expression by analyzing the activity of a series of chimeric genes consisting of rat Col2a1 first intron deletion mutants ligated to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. We show that a 100-base pair (bp) segment within the first intron is the minimum size necessary for high level, cell type-specific expression of Col2a1. Sequence analysis of this 100-bp Col2a1 enhancer revealed several sequence motifs similar to motifs present within the regulatory region of the link protein gene, another cartilage gene. These motifs include an AT-rich element, a C1 motif and a C3 motif. Deletion of any of these elements reduced Col2a1 enhancer activity in chick embryo chondrocytes. We also tested enhancer-mediated activity in CFK2 cells which differentiate to a chondrogenic phenotype and begin to express type II collagen mRNA after extended culture. In stably transfected CFK2 cells, constructs containing the 100-bp enhancer were activated during the transition from prechondrogenic to chondrogenic cell populations and deletions within the enhancer strongly down-regulated activity. Chondrocyte-specific DNA-protein complexes were identified using nuclear extracts prepared from chick embryo chondrocytes and 32P-labeled oligonucleotides from these regions of the first intron. These results suggest that interaction of chondrocyte specific nuclear factors with multiple core elements from a small region within the first intron are important for cell-type specific Col2a1 enhancer activity.
Antibiotics from Australian Terrestrial Invertebrates. Part 1. Antibacterial Trinervitadienes from the Termite Nasutitermes triodiae. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The influenza A virus protein PB1-F2 (2011)

PB1-F2 is a 90 amino acid protein that is expressed from the +1 open reading frame in the PB1 gene of some influenza A viruses. The PB1-F2 protein has been shown to contribute to viral pathogenicity, but the molecular mechanisms for mediating virulence have been unclear. Previous reports demonstrate that PB1-F2 promotes cell death, causes immunopathology and increases pro-inflammatory responses. Our group has identified a single point mutation from asparagine (N) to serine (S) at position 66 in the PB1-F2 protein that dramatically increases the virulence of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses and of the 1918 pandemic strain. In search for the mechanism by which PB1-F2 N66S increases pathogenicity, we have identified and characterized a novel function of PB1-F2, i.e. interferon antagonism, both in vitro and in the mouse model. Here, we discuss a hypothesis for a possible molecular link between the pro-apoptotic and anti-interferon functions of PB1-F2.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel, Selective γ-butyrolactones Sigma-2 Ligands (2021)

Abstract Nearly 40 years after the first disclosure of sigma receptors, the sigma-2 (σ2) receptor was recently identified as the Transmembrane Protein 97 (TMEM97, also known as MAC30 (Meningioma-associated protein). This macromolecule has been associated with a number of disease states such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, neuropathic pain, traumatic brain injury, and cancer. We have recently identified a series of novel, functionalized γ-butyrolactones that are potent σ2 receptor ligands that are drug-like and identified a potential candidate (9z) for future in vivo study.
El mercado de transporte carretero de cargas en Uruguay (2022)

Este trabajo presenta un análisis exhaustivo del mercado del transporte de carga por carretera en Uruguay. El mercado está compuesto por un gran número de empresas (aproximadamente 2.400), que dan empleo directo a más de 12.000 personas. Con una facturación total anual superior a los USD 1.000 millones, la industria presenta un alto grado de competencia entre empresas, que principalmente prestan servicios con baja diferenciación. Por lo tanto, la competencia se basa en gran medida en los precios. No es sorprendente que para las empresas más grandes (sobre las cuales la información está disponible públicamente), la rentabilidad en la industria esté en línea con la observada para la economía en su conjunto. La informalidad (evasión de impuestos y de aportes a la seguridad social) en la industria se ha estimado en alrededor de USD 120 millones anuales, concentrados en pequeñas y medianas empresas. Las políticas públicas para la industria deben centrarse en promover la inversión y las ganancias de productividad en las empresas más pequeñas y en disminuir las externalidades negativas, como los estándares de seguridad y la reducción de emisiones.
Single-Phase Full-Power Operable Three-Phase Buck-Boost Y-Rectifier Concepts (2021)

Future electric vehicle chargers should feature full nominal output power in single-phase (1-Φ) and three-phase (3-Φ) operation, such that they can be employed in the USA as well as in Europe. Further, the converter system should have buck-boost capability to cover a wide DC output voltage range in order to provide compatibility with various nominal battery voltage levels. The phase-modular Y-Rectifier consists of three buck-boost converter modules, features unity power factor operation and allows for an ultra-compact and highly efficient converter realization, where so far only 3-Φ operation was investigated in literature. In this paper, circuit extensions adapting the Y-Rectifier for both 1-Φ and 3-Φ operation are analyzed and comparatively evaluated, where also a new six-module Y-Rectifier (6M-YR) topology is proposed. The required modulation and control techniques of the 6M-YR are presented for 1-Φ and 3-Φ operation. The discussed topologies are then compared by means of a component current conduction stress and a power stage performance analysis for a 6.6 kW, 3-Φ 400 V (Europe) 1-Φ 240 V (USA) AC, 200 V to 750 V DC application. Further, EMI filter design guidelines for the 6M-YR are presented. The results indicate the feasibility of a highly compact CISPR 11 Class B compliant 6M-YR with a power density of 10 kW/dm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> (164 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) and a nominal efficiency of 98.1 % in 3-Φ and 97.6 % in 1-Φ operation.
Phosphoproteome and Kinome Analysis: Unique Perspectives on the Same Problem (2006)

With over 500 members catalyzing an estimated 100,000 phosphorylation reactions, the kinases are among the largest and most complex families of enzymes. As phosphorylation represents the pivotal mechanism for regulation of biological processes, they are also one of the most biologically significant. Development of analytical techniques for the characterization of phosphorylation events, in particular from a global vantage point, is therefore a central priority for proteomic and cell biology researchers. There are two differing philosophies on the most appropriate perspective for global phosphorylation analysis, either through characterization of the phosphoproteome, the sub-population of proteins that undergo phosphorylation, or the kinome, the activities of the cellular protein kinases that catalyze phosphorylation. While each of these approaches strives to describe the same biological event, they employ unique experimental approaches to provide distinct, yet complimentary information. Here we review recent advances in each area, highlight their relative strengths and weaknesses, and discuss their complimentary nature for global phosphorylation analysis. Keywords: Peptide array, Kinome, Phosphoproteome, IMAC
Transcriptomic-Proteomic Correlation in the Predation-Evoked Venom of the Cone Snail, Conus imperialis (2019)

Individual variation in animal venom has been linked to geographical location, feeding habit, season, size, and gender. Uniquely, cone snails possess the remarkable ability to change venom composition in response to predatory or defensive stimuli. To date, correlations between the venom gland transcriptome and proteome within and between individual cone snails have not been reported. In this study, we use 454 pyrosequencing and mass spectrometry to decipher the transcriptomes and proteomes of the venom gland and corresponding predation-evoked venom of two specimens of <i>Conus imperialis</i>. Transcriptomic analyses revealed 17 conotoxin gene superfamilies common to both animals, including 5 novel superfamilies and two novel cysteine frameworks. While highly expressed transcripts were common to both specimens, variation of moderately and weakly expressed precursor sequences was surprisingly diverse, with one specimen expressing two unique gene superfamilies and consistently producing more paralogs within each conotoxin gene superfamily. Using a quantitative labelling method, conotoxin variability was compared quantitatively, with highly expressed peptides showing a strong correlation between transcription and translation, whereas peptides expressed at lower levels showed a poor correlation. These results suggest that major transcripts are subject to stabilizing selection, while minor transcripts are subject to diversifying selection.
Synthesis, structures, and properties of BCOD-fused porphyrins and benzoporphyrins (2009)

Bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene (BCOD)-fused porphyrins with no other substituents were prepared by [2 + 2] and [3 + 1] porphyrin syntheses from ethanodihydroisoindole derivatives in fairly good yields. Thermal retro-Diels-Alder reactions of BCOD-fused porphyrins gave the corresponding benzoporphyrins with no substituent in quantitative yields. Their UV-vis spectra and crystal structures were carefully examined in terms of π-system expansion of the porphyrin ring current. In the cases of monobenzo- and adj-dibenzo-porphyrins, a single Soret band in their UV-vis spectra and no bond alteration in the benzene rings of their crystal structures were observed, while the split Soret bands and the obvious bond alteration in their benzene rings were recorded in the case of opp-dibenzoporphyrin.
Electrical Control of g-Factor in a Few-Hole Silicon Nanowire MOSFET (2015)

Hole spins in silicon represent a promising yet barely explored direction for solid-state quantum computation, possibly combining long spin coherence, resulting from a reduced hyperfine interaction, and fast electrically driven qubit manipulation. Here we show that a silicon-nanowire field-effect transistor based on state-of-the-art silicon-on-insulator technology can be operated as a few-hole quantum dot. A detailed magnetotransport study of the first accessible hole reveals a g-factor with unexpectedly strong anisotropy and gate dependence. We infer that these two characteristics could enable an electrically driven g-tensor-modulation spin resonance with Rabi frequencies exceeding several hundred mega-Hertz.
A monolithically integrated silicon modulator with a 10 Gb/s 5 Vpp or 5.6 Vpp driver in 0.25 Î¼m SiGe:C BiCMOS (2014)

This paper presents as a novelty a fully monolithically integrated 10Gb/s silicon modulator consisting of an electrical driver plus optical phase modulator in 0.25µm SiGe:C BiCMOS technology on one chip, where instead of a SOI CMOS process (only MOS transistors) a SiGe BiCMOS process (MOS transistors and fast SiGe bipolar transistors) is implemented. The fastest bipolar transistors in the BiCMOS product line used have a transit frequency of 120GHz and a collector-emitter breakdown voltage of 2.2V (IHP SG25H3). The main focus of this paper will be given to the electronic drivers, where two driver variants are implemented in the test chips. Circuit descriptions and simulations, which treat the influences of noise and bond wires, are presented. Measurements at separate test chips for the drivers show that the integrated driver variant one has a low power consumption in the range of 0.66W to 0.68W but a high gain of S21=37dB. From the large signal point of view this driver delivers an inverted as well as a non-inverted output data signal between 0V and 2.5V (5Vpp differential). Driver variant one is supplied with 2.5V and with 3.5V. Bit-error-ratio (BER) measurements resulted in a BER better than 10E-12 for voltage differences of the input data stream down to 50mVpp. Driver variant two, which is an adapted version of driver variant one, is supplied with 2.5V and 4.2V, consumes 0.83W to 0.87W, delivers a differential data signal with 5.6Vpp at the output and has a gain of S21=40dB. The chip of the fully integrated modulator occupies an area of 12.3mm^2 due to the photonic components. Measurements with a 240mVpp electrical input data stream and for an optical input wavelength of 1540nm resulted in an extinction ratio of 3.3dB for 1mm long RF phase shifters in each modulator arm driven by driver variant one and a DC tuning voltage of 1.2V. The extinction ratio was 8.4dB at a DC tuning voltage of 7V for a device with 2mm long RF phase shifters and driver variant two.
On optimal coupling of the ‘electronic photoreceptors’ into the degenerate retina (2020)

If the retinal neural network is preserved to a large extent in age-related macular degeneration, selective stimulation of BCs with proper spatial and temporal modulation of the extracellular electric field may retain many features of the natural retinal signal processing and hence allow highly functional restoration of sight.
Pentraxin 3 in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction is associated with early irreversible myocardial damage (2020)

PTX3 had a similar kinetic profile to IL-6, with an early increase and decline, and was statistically significantly correlated with markers of infarct size in STEMI patients post primary PCI. Baseline levels of IL-6 only predicted infarct size at 72 hours post PCI.
Mass spectral study of alkali‐cationized Boc‐carbo‐ β 3 ‐peptides by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (2004)

Electrospray tandem mass spectrometry was used to study the dissociation reactions of [M+Cat]+ (Cat = Na+ and Li+) of Boc-carbo-beta3-peptides. The collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra of [M+Cat-Boc]+ of these peptides are found to be significantly different from those of [M+H-Boc]+ ions. The spectra are more informative and display both C- and N-terminus metallated ions in addition to characteristic fragment ions of the carbohydrate moiety. Based on the fragmentations observed in the CID spectra of the [M+Cat-Boc]+ ions, it is suggested that the dissociation involves complexes in which the metal ion is coordinated in a multidentate arrangement involving the carbonyl oxygen atoms. The CID spectra of [M+Cat-Boc]+ ions of the peptide acids show an abundant N-terminal rearrangement ion [b(n)+17+Cat]+ which is absent for esters. Further, two pairs of positionally isomeric Boc-carbo-beta3-peptide acids, Boc-NH-Caa(S)-beta-hGly-OH (11) and Boc-NH-beta-hGly-Caa(S)-OH (12), and [Boc-NH-Caa(S)-beta-hGly-Caa(S)-beta-hGly-OH] (13) and [Boc-NH-beta-hGly-Caa(S)-beta-hGly-Caa(S)-OH] (14), were differentiated by the CID of [M+Cat-Boc]+ ions. The CID spectra of compounds 11 and 13 are significantly different from those of 12 and 14, respectively. The abundance of [b(n)+17+Cat]+ ions is higher for peptide acids 12 and 14 with a sugar group at the C-terminus when compared to 11 and 13 which contain a sugar moiety at the N-terminus. The observed differences between the CID spectra of these isomeric peptides are attributed to the difference in the preferential site of metal ion binding and also on the structure of the cyclic intermediate involved in the formation of the rearrangement ion.
ChemInform Abstract: Laser‐Induced Thermal Desorption Studies of Surface Reaction Kinetics (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The neglected other half ‐ role of the pistil in plant heat stress responses (2021)

Heat stress coinciding with reproductive stage leads to a significant loss in reproductive organs viability, resulting in lower seed-set and crop productivity. Successful fertilization and seed formation are determined by the viability of male and female reproductive organs. The impact of heat stress on the male reproductive organ (pollen) is studied more often compared to the female reproductive organ (pistil). This is attributed to easier accessibility of the pollen coupled with the notion that the pistil's role in fertilization and seed-set under heat stress is negligible. However, depending on species and developmental stages, recent studies reveal varying degrees of sensitivity of the pistil to heat stress. Remarkably, in some cases, the vulnerability of the pistil is even greater than the pollen. This article summarizes the current knowledge of the impact of heat stress on three critical stages of pistil for successful seed-set, that is, female reproductive organ development (gametogenesis), pollen-pistil interactions including pollen capture on stigma and pollen tube growth in style, as well as fertilization and early embryogenesis. Further, future research directions are suggested to unravel molecular basis of heat stress tolerance in pistil, which is critical for sustaining crop yields under predicted warming scenarios.
Reliability Performance of 1200 V and 1700 V 4H-SiC DMOSFETs for Next Generation Power Conversion Applications (2014)

We present new reliability results on the Cree, Inc., 4H-SiC, DMOSFET devices. The Cree DMOSFETs were developed to meet the demand of next-generation, high-frequency power switching applications, such as: dc-ac inversion, dc-dc conversion, and ac-dc rectification, with continually improving energy efficiency. The Cree Generation 2 DMOSFET process technology is now commercially available with 1200 V and 1700 V ratings. We have performed intrinsic reliability studies to ensure excellent wear-out performance and long field lifetime of the products. We have also performed large sample size qualification reliability acceptance tests to ensure the quality of the manufacturing and packaging processes. These comprehensive reliability studies establish new benchmarks for wide bandgap transistors and demonstrate that Crees MOSFETs meet or exceed all industrial reliability requirements. This achievement facilitates broad market adoption of this disruptive power switch technology.
Gentamicin traffics rapidly and directly to the Golgi complex in LLC-PK1cells (2000)

To study the intracellular mechanisms of aminoglycoside toxicity, we used a 1:1 fluorescent conjugate of Texas Red and gentamicin (TRG) to quantify early uptake dynamics in renal epithelial (LLC-PK 1 ) cells. Utilizing a protocol that quenches TRG fluorescence from lysosomes, the bulk of intracellular accumulation, we determined a portion rapidly trafficked directly to the Golgi complex when identified by a FITC-conjugated lectin from Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA). A kinetic study over 120 min on cells showing total and quenched TRG fluorescence was then carried out, and the fluorescence intensity from the images was quantified. Trafficking of TRG to the Golgi complex occurred within 15 min and accounted for ∼20% of total cellular accumulation in the kinetic study. Colocalization studies using compartment-specific markers, 6-[ N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl sphingosine (C6-NBD ceramide) and LCA, for the TGN trans-Golgi network, and the cis/medial-Golgi compartments, respectively, determined colocalization occurred with both Golgi compartments. These data support the existence of a pathway that directly and rapidly shuttles a portion of internalized gentamicin to the Golgi complex. We believe this pathway may be responsible for the early negative effects seen on protein synthesis in renal proximal epithelia after aminoglycoside administration.
Further validation to support clinical translation of [18F]FTC-146 for imaging sigma-1 receptors (2015)

Together, these data indicate that [(18)F]FTC-146 binds specifically to S1Rs and is a highly promising radiotracer ready for clinical translation to investigate S1R-related diseases.