gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiplexed enrichment and genomic profiling of peripheral immune cell subsets on a microfluidic chip (2018)

ABSTRACT The human immune system consists of many specialized cell subsets that simultaneously carry out a diverse range of functions using overlapping pathways and signals. Subset-specific immune profiling can resolve immune activity in autoimmune disease, cancer immunity, and infectious disease that may not be discoverable or detectable in analyses of crude blood samples. The activity of specific subsets may help predict the course of disease and response to therapy in certain patient populations. Here, we present a low-input microfluidic system for sorting immune cells into subsets and profiling their cellular states by gene expression analysis using full-length RNA-seq. Our system is robust and has the potential to make multiplexed subset-specific analysis routine in many research laboratories and clinical settings. We validate the device’s technical performance by benchmarking its subset enrichment and genomic profiling performance against standard protocols. We make the added value of subset-resolved profiling over crude samples clear through ex vivo experiments that show subset-specific stimulated responses. Finally, we demonstrate the scalability of our device by profiling four immune cell subsets in blood from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and matched controls enrolled in a clinical study. The results from our initial cohort confirm the role of type I interferons in lupus pathogenesis and further show that the canonical interferon signature for SLE is prominent in B cells, demonstrating the ability of our integrated analytical platform to identify cell-specific disease signatures.
A Multistatic GNSS Synthetic Aperture Radar for Surface Characterization (2008)

Bistatic global navigation satellite system (GNSS) radar has received increased attention in recent years within both the radar and GNSS communities. In this paper, the traditional bistatic GNSS radar and bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) concepts are fused into a more generic multistatic GNSS SAR system for surface characterization. This is done by using the range and Doppler processing techniques on signals transmitted by multiple satellites to determine the angular dependence of the surface reflectivity. The method has also been tested experimentally, and the results are presented.
Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) subverts the apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP2) tumor suppressor pathway of the host (2011)

Type I strains of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) possess a pathogenicity island, cag, that encodes the effector protein cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and a type four secretion system. After translocation into the host cell, CagA affects cell shape, increases cell motility, abrogates junctional activity, and promotes an epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like phenotype. Transgenic expression of CagA enhances gastrointestinal and intestinal carcinomas as well as myeloid and B-cell lymphomas in mice, but the mechanism of the induced cancer formation is not fully understood. Here, we show that CagA subverts the tumor suppressor function of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP2). Delivery of CagA inside the host results in its association with ASPP2. After this interaction, ASPP2 recruits its natural target p53 and inhibits its apoptotic function. CagA leads to enhanced degradation of p53 and thereby, down-regulates its activity in an ASPP2-dependent manner. Finally, Hp-infected cells treated with the p53-activating drug Doxorubicin are more resistant to apoptosis than uninfected cells, an effect that requires ASPP2. The interaction between CagA and ASPP2 and the consequent degradation of p53 are examples of a bacterial protein that subverts the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in a manner similar to DNA tumor viruses. This finding may contribute to the understanding of the increased risk of gastric cancer in patients infected with Hp CagA+ strains.
Panel (2003)

The ever-growing capacity and speed of FPGAs have brought them into the heart of the silicon mainstream. Major ASIC vendors have responded by reviving masterslice gate arrays, standard prefab die with design-specific metal layers. They claim lower NREs, quicker delivery and easier design than cell-based ASICs, and lower unit cost, better speed, capacity and power than FPGAs.Do these gate arrays spell doom for FPGA vendors' dreams of displacing the ASIC as a mainstream silicon platform?Will the FPGA's high volume, superior flexibility and time-to-market prevail?Will FPGA's co-exist in different classes of application?A panel of experts from FPGA and ASIC vendors and academia will duke it out. Each panelist will give a short presentation putting forward their point of view followed by an interactive debate among the panelists and attendees.
Kinematic design of an asymmetric in-phase flapping mechanism for MAVs (2012)

The thorax of an insect has direct flight muscles that can independently control the flapping amplitude, relative phase, and mean position of its left and right wings. This feature allows insects to modulate lateral dynamics during hovering flight, resulting in high flight maneuverability. This paper introduces the development and characterization of a novel flapping mechanism for MAVs, denoted as AIFM (Asymmetric In-phase Flapping Mechanism), that is capable of achieving controlled, asymmetric in-phase wing flapping as inspired by similar features in insects. The system consists of two 4-bar mechanisms that create basic flapping motions and two RRPR mechanisms that control the asymmetric flapping motion. The kinematics of the mechanism was investigated and optimized in such a way that enables the mechanism to produce reliable, in-phase wing motion during asymmetric flapping flight. The kinematics of the wings was evaluated both computationally and experimentally. It was shown that asymmetric wing flapping can be successfully achieved without affecting the in-phase flapping motion.
Data from <i>In vivo</i> antitumor effect of a novel inhibitor of protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I (GGTase-I) catalyzes protein geranylgeranylation, which is critical for the function of proteins such as Rho, Rac, and Ral. We previously identified several small-molecule inhibitors of GGTase-I from an allenoate-derived compound library and showed that these compounds exhibit specific inhibition of GGTase-I resulting in the inhibition of proliferation associated with the induction of G&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; cell cycle arrest of a variety of cancer cell lines. Because inhibition of GGTase-I is expected to suppress tumor growth, we investigated &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; effects of one of these GGTase-I inhibitors (GGTI), P61A6, by using a human pancreatic cancer xenograft model in mice. The new compound GGTI P61A6 showed an excellent antitumor effect. I.p. administration of P61A6 significantly suppressed tumor growth of the PANC-1 xenograft. Even once per week administration of GGTI was enough to suppress tumor growth. Immunohistochemical examination indicated the inhibition of cell proliferation in the tumors by P61A6 treatment, but neither apoptosis nor antiangiogenesis was observed. Increased cytosolic localization of proteins such as Rap1 and RhoA in tumors was observed. In addition, the enzyme activity of GGTase-I in tumors was inhibited. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the plasma half-life of GGTI is ∼6 h, suggesting its prolonged effect. These data suggest that the novel GGTI compound P61A6 is an excellent chemotherapeutic drug candidate for human pancreatic cancer. They also provide evidence that protein GGTase-I may be a valid target for cancer therapy. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(5)1218–26]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Caching or No Caching in Dense HetNets? (2019)

Caching the content closer to the user equipments (UEs) in heterogenous cellular networks (HetNets) improves user-perceived Quality-of-Service (QoS) while lowering the operators backhaul usage/costs. Nevertheless, under the current networking strategy that promotes aggressive densification, it is unclear whether cache-enabled HetNets preserve the claimed cost-effectiveness and the potential benefits. This is due to 1) the collective cost of caching which may inevitably exceed the expensive cost of backhaul in a dense HetNet, and 2) the excessive interference which affects the signal reception irrespective of content placement. We analyze these significant, yet overlooked, issues, showing that while densification reduces backhaul load and increases spectral efficiency in cache-enabled dense networks, it simultaneously reduces cache-hit probability and increases the network cost. We then introduce a caching efficiency metric, area spectral efficiency per unit spent cost, and find it enough to cache only about 3% of the content library size in the cache of smallcell base stations. Furthermore, we show that range expansion, which is known to be of substantial value in wireless networks, is almost impotent to curb the caching inefficiency. Surprisingly, unlike the conventional wisdom recommending traffic offloading from macro cells to small cells, in cache-enabled HetNets, it is generally more beneficial to exclude offloading altogether or to do the opposite.
Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections (2020)

Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.
Development of a selective and sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection ofMycoplasma pirum (1993)

A new assay using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify a 173-nucleotide DNA fragment within the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Mycoplasma pirum has been developed. The assay selectively amplified DNA from all strains of M. pirum tested with a high level of sensitivity, even in a context of human DNA. DNA from other mollicute species, including those closely related to M. pirum, from bacteria phylogenetically close to mollicutes (Clostridium innocuum, C. ramosum and Bacillus subtilis), from Escherichia coli and from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, did not produce the amplified DNA product specific for M. pirum.
Reprogrammable meta-hologram for optical encryption (2020)

Meta-holographic encryption is a potentially important technique for information security. Despite rapid progresses in multi-tasked meta-holograms, the number of information channels available in metasurfaces is limited, making meta-holographic encryption vulnerable to some attacking algorithms. Herein, we demonstrate a re-programmable metasurface that can produce arbitrary holographic images for optical encryption. The encrypted information is divided into two matrices. These two matrices are imposed to the incident light and the metasurface, respectively. While the all-dielectric metasurface is static, the phase matrix of incident light provides additional degrees of freedom to precisely control the eventual functions at will. With a single Si metasurface, arbitrary holographic images and videos have been transported and decrypted. We hope that this work paves a more promising way to optical information encryption and authentication.
Synthese, Chemie und Stereochemie phosphororganischer Thiocyanate und Isothiocyanate Umlagerung der Thio‐ in die Isothiocyanate (1977)

Abstract Ziel und Ergebnis der Untersuchung ist die Synthese der relativ unbeständigen phosphororganischen Thiocyanate vom Typ R 2 P(X)SCN (1,12: × = O; 8: × = S) und deren Umlagerung in die thermodynamisch stabileren Isothiocyanate R 2 P(X)NCS (3, 24: × = O, 6: × = S). Stereochemische Untersuchungen an cyclischen diastereomeren Modellen (26→17) führen zu dem Ergebnis, daß die Umlagerung Thiocyanat → Isothiocyanat durch nucleophile Partner, z. B. SCN⊖, über ein pentakoordiniertes Zwischenprodukt oder einem entsprechenden Übergangszustand autokatalysiert wird.
Pharmacokinetics of Macitentan in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Comparison With Healthy Subjects (2017)

Macitentan is a worldwide approved dual endothelin receptor antagonist that has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a phase 3 clinical trial, SERAPHIN, at a dose of 10 mg once daily. During this trial, trough plasma concentrations (C<sub>trough</sub> ) of macitentan and its active metabolite, ACT-132577, were obtained at steady state in 242 patients, indicating that mean C<sub>trough</sub> of both analytes was about 2-fold higher in PAH patients than in healthy subjects. To further investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of macitentan and its active metabolite, ACT-132577, a 24-hour PK profile was recorded at steady state in 20 PAH patients in the open-label extension of SERAPHIN. A cross-study comparison showed that although C<sub>trough</sub> in PAH patients is higher when compared with a historical reference group of healthy subjects, with geometric mean ratios of 1.45 and 1.36 for macitentan and ACT-132577, respectively, this does not translate to a significant difference in exposure expressed as maximum plasma concentration (C<sub>max</sub> ) or area under the plasma concentration-time curve over a dosing interval (AUC<sub>τ</sub> ). Geometric mean ratios for C<sub>max</sub> and AUC<sub>τ</sub> were 1.08 and 1.22, respectively, for macitentan and 1.24 and 1.31, respectively, for ACT-132577. Therefore, overall exposure at steady state to macitentan and ACT-132577 in PAH patients is considered similar to that in healthy subjects.
Supplementary Table 2 from Universal Marker and Detection Tool for Human Sarcoma Circulating Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2029KB, CTC enumeration in different Sarcoma cancer patient samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Invertebrate vasopressin/oxytocin homologs. Characterization of peptides from Conus geographus and Conus straitus venoms. (1987)

The vasopressin-oxytocin family of peptides is of very ancient lineage, found in organisms as diverse as hydra and man. Although these peptides have been intensively studied in vertebrates, the presumably more extensive invertebrate series was defined primarily by immunological methods. In this report, we describe the purification and structures of two peptides of the vasopressin-oxytocin family from molluscs ("Conopressins"), which were found in the venom of fish-hunting marine snails of the genus Conus. The biological activity observed when the two snail peptides are injected intracerebrally into mice is very similar to that elicited by the vertebrate neurohypophyseal hormones and presumably reflects their actions upon a common receptor in the brain. The sequences of the purified peptides reveal unique features not found in the vertebrate peptide series, most notably an additional positive charge. These are the first members of the invertebrate series of the vasopressin-oxytocin family to be characterized biochemically. The sequences of these peptides are: from Conus geographus venom, Lys-conopressin-G, Cys-Phe-Ile-Arg-Asn-Cys-Pro-Lys-Gly-NH2; and from Conus striatus venom, Arg-conopressin-S, Cys-Ile-Ile-Arg-Asn-Cys-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2.
Fuel Cells: High Specific and Mass Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Thin Film Catalysts of Sputtered Pt3Y (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 13/2017) (2017)

The high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction of thin platinum-yttrium films is highlighted by Niklas Lindahl and co-workers in article number 1700311. The alloy thin films are formed by sputtering using plasma (purple) from a target of platinum (gray) with attached foils of yttrium (blue). In acid, a strained platinum overlayer is formed. The strained surface provides improved activity for the reduction of oxygen (red), which is rate limiting when converting protons (white) into water while producing electrical energy in fuel cells.
Power scalable spectral broadening in bulk crystals with more than 100 W average power (2015)

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Capacitance response of porous and cavitized nanocoax arrays to various gases (2011)

We detected a novel c.163C>T mutation located in the mature domain of SFTPC associated with ILD that altered the subcellular localization of proSP-C in A549 cells.
Observation of continuous-wave on-resonance “self-focusing” (1984)

We report what to our knowledge are the first observations of an increase in the on-axis intensity of an intense cw on-resonance beam resulting from nonlinear absorption and diffraction during its propagation through a highly absorbing medium (sodium vapor). This "self-focusing" is not a self-lensing; instead it is modeled well by placing an aperture part way through the cell: The stripping by the aperture approximates the effect of the nonlinear absorption, and then Fresnel diffraction results in on-axis minima and maxima.
<title>Machine vision testbed</title> (1993)

The Machine Vision Testbed (MVT) is an integrated hardware and software environment for prototyping machine vision algorithms. The system incorporates special purpose image processing hardware (Datacube MaxVideo20<SUP>TM</SUP>,) multiple high performance general purpose computers (SKYbolt<SUP>TM</SUP>) and a Sun SPARCengine 1E<SUP>TM</SUP>. A software environment provides the Sun processor with the capability to thread and control tasks amongst various processing elements. To support video processing requirements, special purpose hardware has been designed which provides an image broadcast bus from the Maxvideo20 into multiple SKYbolt processors. The underlying programming model for the system is to use the special purpose image processing hardware to perform computationally intensive image processing tasks and to have the local (or neighborhood) type operations run on the general purpose processors. This partitioning provides a path to migrate large portions of an application, which would typically run on special purpose hardware, onto fast general purpose processors for the purposes of software reuse and portability. This paper is intended to discuss the motivation for choosing such a hybrid architecture and to discuss the details of how such a heterogeneous collection of components was integrated into a system capable of processing video data.
Graft-versus-host disease after kidney transplantation (2011)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a rare complication after kidney transplantation. We describe a 62-year-old female with end-stage renal disease due to hypertension. She received a kidney with 4 mismatched human leukocyte antigen (HLA) out of 6 HLA - A, B, DR from a deceased donor. After the procedure, the patient showed watery diarrhea on postoperative day (POD) 45. An endoscopic biopsy of the colon revealed some apoptotic cells consistent with GVHD. Thrombocytopenia was gradually developed on POD 54. She received steroid pulse therapy, and thrombocytopenia did not progress. However, pneumonia, renal failure, and cardiac failure occurred. She died due to multiple organ failure. We must consider GVHD in renal transplant recipients without homozygous or identical HLA, who had only watery diarrhea without other typical GVHD symptoms such as skin rash and fever, although GVHD is rare in renal transplant recipients.
Cell‐Lineage Tracing in Zebrafish Embryos with an Expanded Genetic Code (2018)

Cell-lineage tracing is used to study embryo development and stem-cell differentiation as well as to document tumor cell heterogeneity. Cre recombinase-mediated cell labeling is the preferred approach; however, its utility is restricted by when and where DNA recombination takes place. We generated a photoactivatable Cre recombinase by replacing a critical residue in its active site with a photocaged lysine derivative through genetic code expansion in zebrafish embryos. This allows high spatiotemporal control of DNA recombination by using 405 nm irradiation. Importantly, no background activity is seen before irradiation, and, after light-triggered removal of the caging group, Cre recombinase activity is restored. We demonstrate the utility of this tool as a cell-lineage tracer through its activation in different regions and at different time points in the early embryo. Direct control of Cre recombinase by light will allow more precise DNA recombination, thereby enabling more nuanced studies of metazoan development and disease.
The Upper Mississippi Valley lead-zinc district revisited [electronic resource] : mining history, geology, reclamation, and environmental issues thirty years after the last mine closed (2009)

Guidebook for the 2009 Meeting of the North-Central Section of the Geological Society of America, Rockford, Illinois, April 2-4, 2009.
Do men and women row differently? a spinal kinematic and force perspective (2008)

Performance differences have been noted between male and female rowers; the aim of this study was to determine if these are due to differences in rowing technique. An electromagnetic motion measurement device in conjunction with a load cell was used to compare the ergometer rowing kinematics of female and male elite national rowers. Male rowers generated significantly greater peak force during the stroke, ( p &lt; 0.0001) and greater power. Although there was no difference in stroke length, females demonstrated a more optimal lumbopelvic rhythm due to a greater anterior pelvic rotation during the stroke ( p &lt; 0.05). This is likely to account for the lack of difference in stroke length. In conclusion, gender differences do exist in kinematic parameters of rowing technique. With a greater mass and height, the male athletes are more powerful than the females; however, females appear to optimize their kinematics in an attempt to enhance performance.
Novel High Gain Common Grounded Z-Source DC-DC Converter (2020)

Z-Source DC-DC boost converters are applicable in PV panel applications due to their high gain and increased stability with low duty ratio. The inclusion of common ground in the z-source converter increases the gain further and reduces the voltage stress on switch and diodes. A new topology is being introduced by modifying the basic common grounded z-source converter circuit. Analysis of the proposed converter showed significant increase in gain compared to the basic common grounded topology. Design equations of the new topology have been derived including efficiency calculations. Simulation results are also observed to verify the performance. Finally, comparison with other z-source topologies is performed to highlight the advantages and drawbacks.