gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
France (1986)

The population of France has grown by approximately 4.3 per cent over the period 1974–83 (Table 4.1). The growth has been fairly evenly distributed between males and females, though the latest figure available (that for 1983) shows 1,311,000 more females than males in the total population.
Twin-model method for ethanol detection in flex fuel vehicles (2013)

In this paper we propose to use volatility difference between gasoline and ethanol to detect the ethanol percent. The approach relies on a well-calibrated model of the wall-wetting effect, a condition satisfied by today's engine controllers. Because of its complexity, we essentially treat the model as a black box, but with an important difference that the model can be duplicated. Thus, a pair of identical wall wetting (transient fuel) models is driven by different ethanol content and the difference in the resulting predicted air-fuel ratios is used to update the ethanol estimate. It turns out that this volatility-based estimate is very insensitive to sensor and injector biases and drifts. The approach is backed by stability analysis as well as by simulation results and post-processing experimental vehicle data.
Accumulation of follicular CD8+ T cells in pathogenic SIV infection (2018)

LN follicles constitute major reservoir sites for HIV/SIV persistence. Cure strategies could benefit from the characterization of CD8+ T cells able to access and eliminate HIV-infected cells from these areas. In this study, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the phenotype, frequency, localization, and functionality of follicular CD8+ T cells (fCD8+) in SIV-infected nonhuman primates. Although disorganization of follicles was a major factor, significant accumulation of fCD8+ cells during chronic SIV infection was also observed in intact follicles, but only in pathogenic SIV infection. In line with this, tissue inflammatory mediators were strongly associated with the accumulation of fCD8+ cells, pointing to tissue inflammation as a major factor in this process. These fCD8+ cells have cytolytic potential and can be redirected to target and kill HIV-infected cells using bispecific antibodies. Altogether, our data support the use of SIV infection to better understand the dynamics of fCD8+ cells and to develop bispecific antibodies as a strategy for virus eradication.
Epitaxial oxide thin films II : symposium held November 26-30, 1995, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. (1996)

Our understanding and control of epitaxial oxide heterostructures has progressed along multiple frontiers including magnetic, dielectric, ferroelectric, and superconducting oxide materials. This has resulted in both independent rediscovery and the successful borrowing of ideas from ceramic science, solid-state physics, and semiconductor epitaxy. A new field of materials science has emerged which aims at the use of the intrinsic properties of various oxide materials in single-crystal thin-film form. Exploiting the potential of these materials, however, will only be possible if many fundamental and engineering questions can be answered. This book represents continued progress toward fulfilling that promise. Technical information on epitaxial oxide thin films from industry, academia and government laboratories is presented. Topics include: dielectrics; ferroelectrics; optics; superconductors; magnetics; magnetoresistance.
Innovative strategy for treatment of lung cancer: targeted nanotechnology-based inhalation co-delivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA (2011)

A tumor targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN)-based drug delivery system (DDS) was developed for inhalation treatment of lung cancer. The system was capable of effectively delivering inside cancer cells anticancer drugs (doxorubicin and cisplatin) combined with two types of siRNA targeted to MRP1 and BCL2 mRNA for suppression of pump and nonpump cellular resistance in non-small cell lung carcinoma, respectively. Targeting of MSN to cancer cells was achieved by the conjugation of LHRH peptide on the surface of MSN via poly(ethylene glycol) spacer. The delivered anticancer drugs and siRNA preserved their specific activity leading to the cell death induction and inhibition of targeted mRNA. Suppression of cellular resistance by siRNA effectively delivered inside cancer cells and substantially enhanced the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. Local delivery of MSN by inhalation led to the preferential accumulation of nanoparticles in the mouse lungs, prevented the escape of MSN into the systemic circulation, and limited their accumulation in other organs. The experimental data confirm that the developed DDS satisfies the major prerequisites for effective treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Therefore, the proposed cancer-targeted MSN-based system for complex delivery of drugs and siRNA has high potential in the effective treatment of lung cancer.
Oligosilane-siloxane nanocomposites (1996)

Zirconocene-catalyzed a-bond metathesis of phenylsilane is a mild and convenient way to generate synthetically versatile oligophenylsilane [Si(H)(Ph)]{sub n} (n {approx} 33). Free radical-initiated hydrosilation of alkoxysilanes RSiMe{sub x}(OEt){sub y} (R = allyl; x = 0, y = 3; x = 1, y = 2; x = 2, y = 1) at the oligophenylsilane Si-H bonds, followed by sol-gel hydrolysis-polycondensation, yields novel siloxanes containing the intact oligosilane chromophore. The sol-gel precursors and resulting siloxane materials have been characterized by solution and solid state multinuclear NMR, UV-VIS and IR spectroscopies and elemental analysis, and their bulk properties assessed by scanning electron microscopy, thermal and nitrogen sorption surface area analyses. The new materials` molecular and bulk properties, and the significance of processing and siloxane content on these properties, will be discussed.
CLINICAL APPLICATION OF EMERGENCY BEDSIDE TEMPORARY CARDIAC PACING WITHOUT X-RAY FLUOROSCOPY (2012)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the clinical value and safety of emergency bedside temporary cardiac pacing without X-ray fluoroscopy. <h3>Methods</h3> 63 patients were selected due to ventricular rate less than or equal to 40 times/min and (or) RR interval greater than 3.0 s caused by various diseases and associated with severe hemodynamic disorders, Adams syndrome attack or disturbance of consciousness. Subclavian vein was punctured for vasodilating sheath placement by seldinger technique without x-ray fluoroscopy at bedside. Temporary pacing electrode was inserted into the right ventricular cavity from the sheath and success was judged by three methods based on intracardiac ECG, pacing ECG, or whether it could induce PVCs. <h3>Results</h3> Out of 63 patients, 59 cases of pacing was successful and the success rate was 93.7%. The operation time from the puncture to the successful pacing was about 2–15 min (average 4.5 min) and pacing thresholds were less than or equal to 2.0 V. The hemodynamic significantly improved, Adams syndrome attacks stopped and consciousness returned to normal in successful pacing patients. No serious complications occurred such as infective endocarditis, bleeding, pneumothorax, hemothorax and so on. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Emergency bedside temporary cardiac pacing without x-ray fluoroscopy is important rescue of severe bradycardia or cardiac arrest, particularly suitable for critically ill patients, who should not be moved and need emergency pacing. It has fast, easy and safe advantages and is indispensable means in the cardiac emergency work.
Non-Intrusive Occupancy Monitoring using Smart Meters (2013)

Detailed information about a home's occupancy is necessary to implement many advanced energy-efficiency optimizations. However, monitoring occupancy directly is intrusive, typically requiring the deployment of multiple environmental sensors, e.g., motion, acoustic, CO2, etc. In this paper, we explore the potential for Non-Intrusive Occupancy Monitoring (NIOM) by using electricity data from smart meters to infer occupancy. We first observe that a home's pattern of electricity usage generally changes when occupants are present due to their interact with electrical loads. We empirically evaluate these interactions by monitoring ground truth occupancy in two homes, then correlating it with changes in statistical metrics of smart meter data, such as power's mean and variance, over short intervals. In particular, we use each metric's maximum value at night as a proxy for its maximum value in an unoccupied home, and then signal occupancy whenever the daytime value exceeds it. Our results highlight NIOM's potential and its challenges.
Conception conjointe de l'optique et du traitement d'images appliquée à l'athermalisation d'un objectif infrarouge (Orale) (2016)

National audience
EMTP Analysis for Potential Distribution around Stator End-winding with Nonlinear Potential Grading Layer in High Voltage Rotating Machine (2004)

Partial discharge and surface discharge may occur around stator end-winding of rotating machine owing to convergent field caused by geometric configuration. In order to suppress such field, the material having nonlinear voltage - current characteristics such as SiC is painted or taped on the end-winding. This paper describes potential distribution around the end-winding of rotating machine using EMTP (Electromagnetic Transients Program) assuming RC lumped constant circuit for overvoltage tests and in operation. The result showed that painting SiC reduces the electric field along the surface due to the nonlinear resistivity. The maximum electric fields are found to exist at the point where the potential difference between neighboring coils has a maximum. As a result, the maximum field occurs at the end of SiC layer for overvoltage tests, and in the region where potential becomes almost constant after potential grading by SiC layer in operation of rotating machine. Distance difference dependence at the end of SiC layer between neighboring coils for maximum field are also discussed. The maximum field increases with the distance so that the electric field may reach the critical field of air.
<title>Wideband Angular Spectrum Aberrations-Free Holoconcentrators</title> (1984)

In this paper, wide angular band Bragg holoconcentrators are considered. These complex holographic structures (transmission or reflection) are of the type of holographic sandwich which consist of a set of sub-holograms. Each sub-hologram is angular narrow-band concentrator, with quasi-rectangular angular diffraction efficiency characteristics, having concentration which is free of aberrations. Therefore, due to selectivity of Bragg effect, the global system reaches paraxial limit of the concentration ratio, even for wide angular spectrum of quasi-monochromatic illumination.
Fabrication of 2.5 Gbps Burst-mode Receiver and its Full Compliance to GPON (2008)

In the current GPON market and standard, the line bit rate requirement is changing from 1.25 Gbps to 2.5 Gbps. We fabricate a 2.5 Gbps burst-mode receiver with commercially available blocks and optimize it with an APD bias control. A burst-mode measurement setup is made for the full compliance test with the GPON standard. The device meets the partially defined 2.5 Gbps specs in the current ITU G.984.2 standard, also, supports 1.25 Gbps specs for the coexistence issue in an access network. The full-compliant measurement values can be used as a guideline for fixing "for further study" specs in the current GPON standard at 2.5 Gbps.
Rescue of a pathogenic mutant human glucagon receptor by pharmacological chaperones (2012)

We have previously demonstrated that a homozygous inactivating P86S mutation of the glucagon receptor (GCGR) causes a novel human disease of hyperglucagonemia, pancreatic α-cell hyperplasia, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (Mahvash disease). The mechanisms for the decreased activity of the P86S mutant (P86S) are abnormal receptor localization to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and defective interaction with glucagon. To search for targeted therapies for Mahvash disease, we examined whether P86S can be trafficked to the plasma membrane by pharmacological chaperones and whether novel glucagon analogs restore effective receptor interaction. We used enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged P86S stably expressed in HEK 293 cells to allow fluorescence imaging and western blotting and molecular modeling to design novel glucagon analogs in which alanine 19 was replaced with serine or asparagine. Incubation at 27 °C largely restored normal plasma membrane localization and normal processing of P86S but osmotic chaperones had no effects. The ER stressors thapsigargin and curcumin partially rescued P86S. The lipophilic GCGR antagonist L-168,049 also partially rescued P86S, so did Cpd 13 and 15 to a smaller degree. The rescued P86S led to more glucagon-stimulated cAMP production and was internalized by glucagon. Compared with the native glucagon, the novel glucagon analogs failed to stimulate more cAMP production by P86S. We conclude that the mutant GCGR is partially rescued by several pharmacological chaperones and our data provide proof-of-principle evidence that Mahvash disease can be potentially treated with pharmacological chaperones. The novel glucagon analogs, however, failed to interact with P86S more effectively.
Comparison of serologic tests for detection of Brucella infections in cattle and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) (2002)

Brucellosis serologic test performance varied by species tested, but BPAT had the highest sensitivity for screening cattle and water buffalo. Sensitivity and specificity of more than 2 screening tests can be estimated simultaneously without a gold standard by use of Bayesian techniques.
Casimir Repulsion between Metallic Objects in Vacuum (2010)

We give an example of a geometry in which two metallic objects in vacuum experience a repulsive Casimir force. The geometry consists of an elongated metal particle centered above a metal plate with a hole. We prove that this geometry has a repulsive regime using a symmetry argument and confirm it with numerical calculations for both perfect and realistic metals. The system does not support stable levitation, as the particle is unstable to displacements away from the symmetry axis.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Senescence Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells Is Defined by Positive Feedback Loop between CIP2A and E2F1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3 PDF file - 114K, RB expression is not needed for CIP2A-depletion induced senescence&lt;/p&gt;
Noise analysis of a power-line communication channel in an LVDC smart grid concept (2013)

It has been shown that high-frequency (HF) band power-line communication (PLC) is a suitable data transmission method for the smart grid concept, namely a low-voltage direct current (LVDC) distribution system. In this paper, the PLC channel analysis in the LVDC system is continued with a detailed noise analysis. Noise signals from the terminals of PLC couplers are measured in the time domain. Noise power spectral densities (PSDs) are derived from the measured noise voltage, and the variation in the noise PSDs in the time domain is analyzed. The effects of noise on the performance of the HF band PLC are analyzed theoretically and by communication tests. The noise voltages are measured, and communication tests are carried out both in the LVDC laboratory system and in an LVDC field pilot system. The noise PSD is observed in the frequency band between 100 kHz and 30 MHz, which covers the band applied to the PLC in the channel. The results show that noise (mainly impulsive) in the channel has a major effect on the performance of the PLC.
Time series forecasting in a distributed environment (1996)

The area of Time Series Forecasting (forecasting observations ordered in time) is object of attention, in particular due to its role in the process of decision making. Artificial Neural Networks} (ANNs) have been successfully used in pattern recognition, even in Time Series with a high degree of noise, but fail in the attempt to develop a fine architecture on their own Genetic Algorithms (GAs), on the other hand, proved to be one of the most promising arenas to elaborate on problem solving optimization strategies. Amalgamating both paradigms, one makes the denizens of a new computational world: ANNs and GAs. ANNs will assimilate the pattern series and better ANNs architectures will be attained by evolution.
Innovative Cleaning Technique for PV Modules on Helioslite Biaxial Solar Trackers (2018)

Certainly the tracking systems ensure higher performance and reliability compared with fixed systems, however, the soiling affects negatively the productivity of the PV modules. There is, therefore, a paramount importance to propose a cleaning technique integrated into the biaxial tracker characterized by Tilt and Roll kinetic. In this paper, an innovative cleaning was developed for the biaxial tracker of HeliosLite which has recently installed in our RDI Solar Energy Platform at PSES in Rabat. Based on a critical analysis of several existent cleaning solutions of PV modules as well as the structure of the tracker, a functional analysis has been done of the problematic discussed. This technique, based on the use of telescopic arm connected to rotating brush, has successfully accomplished the important criteria aimed by this work namely: autonomy, stability, low cost and efficiency.
On characterizing an ATM source via the sustainable cell rate traffic descriptor (2002)

The sustainable cell rate (SCR) was introduced by the ATM Forum as a means of characterizing the statistical activity of ATM VBR connections. The SCR traffic descriptor (SCR-TD), composed of the sustainable cell rate 1/T/sub SCR/ and the intrinsic burst tolerance /spl tau//sub IBT/, is defined with respect to an algorithmic characterization, the generic cell rate algorithm (GCRA). This method makes source parameter enforcement straightforward. Unfortunately, the current specification of the SCR-TD is incomplete, leaving the source with an infinite number of (T/sub SCR/, /spl tau//sub IBT/) couples to choose from, This ambiguity could bear a negative impact on network efficiency. The authors investigate the issues involved in selecting suitable SCR-TD values for a given source, both from a user's perspective and from a networking point of view.
Data from Nonclassical Antigen-Processing Pathways Are Required for MHC Class II–Restricted Direct Tumor Recognition by NY-ESO-1–Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Tumor antigen–specific CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells that directly recognize cancer cells are important for orchestrating antitumor immune responses at the local tumor sites. However, the mechanisms of direct MHC class II (MHC-II) presentation of intracellular tumor antigen by cancer cells are poorly understood. We found that two functionally distinct subsets of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells were expanded after HLA-DPB1*04 (DP04)-binding NY-ESO-1&lt;sub&gt;157-170&lt;/sub&gt; peptide vaccination in patients with ovarian cancer. Although both subsets recognized exogenous NY-ESO-1 protein pulsed on DP04&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; target cells, only one type recognized target cells with intracellular expression of NY-ESO-1. The tumor-recognizing CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells more efficiently recognized the short 8–9-mer peptides than the non–tumor-recognizing CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. In addition to endosomal/lysosomal proteases that are typically involved in MHC-II antigen presentation, several pathways in the MHC class I presentation pathways, such as the proteasomal degradation and transporter-associated with antigen-processing–mediated peptide transport, were also involved in the presentation of intracellular NY-ESO-1 on MHC-II. The presentation was inhibited significantly by primaquine, a small molecule that inhibits endosomal recycling, consistent with findings that pharmacologic inhibition of new protein synthesis enhances antigen presentation. Together, our data demonstrate that cancer cells selectively present peptides from intracellular tumor antigens on MHC-II by multiple nonclassical antigen-processing pathways. Harnessing the direct tumor-recognizing ability of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells could be a promising strategy to enhance antitumor immune responses in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 2(4); 341–50. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A novel method for mitigating the effects of dynamic coexistence on the operation of IEEE 802.15.4‐based mobile WSNs (2014)

Abstract Wireless networks dynamically coexist when their transmission ranges overlap as a result of mobility. Mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs) may suffer from significant degradation of performance due to the interference caused by dynamic coexistence, which is particularly critical for health monitoring WSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect and mitigate the harmful effects of dynamic coexistence on the operation of IEEE 802.15.4‐based mobile health monitoring WSNs. IEEE 802.15.4 uses the guaranteed time slots (GTS) mechanism to eliminate contention; however, successful transmissions cannot be guaranteed for coexisting WSNs. We show that using limited clear channel assessments at the beginning of the GTS enables the mobile WSNs to avoid collisions with minimum overhead. This method can also be used in combination with the previously proposed mechanisms for coexistence management. We analytically investigate the effects of using this method on the performance of the dynamically coexisting WSNs. We use OPNET simulation to investigate the coexistence of health monitoring WSNs and also to validate the proposed method. Our results indicate that using the proposed mechanism, 2–10 coexisting mobile WSNs with relatively high transmission rates (20–30% of maximum throughput) can achieve 20–90% higher rates of successful transmissions, with less than 10% increase in power consumption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Humidity-Sensitive Electrical Conductivity in Ca[sub 12]Al[sub 14−x]Si[sub x]O[sub 32]Cl[sub 2+x] (0≤x≤3.4) Ceramics (2008)

The effect of humidity on the electrical conductivity in porous and dense ceramics of (, 1.7, 3.4) with a mayenite structure was examined at room temperature. Surface ionic conductivity was enhanced by increasing the humidity. The sample with , which had a porosity of 30%, exhibited the largest conductivity change of about 4 orders of magnitude over the relative humidity range of 10–90% at . The presence of ions on the surface most likely enhances the formation of hydronium ions which are responsible for proton transfer in physisorbed water layers.