gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circadian Plasma Cortisol Measurements Reflect Severity of Hypercortisolemia in Children with Different Etiologies of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome (2017)

Our study shows the association between the plasma cortisol AM/PM ratio and the degree of hypercortisolemia in children with CS.
Direct Observation of the Conical Intersection in cis-trans Photoisomerization of Rhodopsin (2010)

High-time-resolution broadband pump-probe spectroscopy of rhodopsin reveals loss of reactant and appearance of photoproduct features within ≈100fs, which are signatures of a wavepacket moving through a conical intersection. Experiments are supported by molecular dynamics simulations.
Injectable Supramolecular Hydrogels Self-Assembled by Polymers and Cyclodextrins for Controlled Drug Delivery (2005)

Of many polymeric biomaterials, hydrogels are of special importance because of their favorable biocompatibility and pertinence in delivering delicate bioactive agents such as proteins. Physical hydrogels have attracted much attention for controlled drug delivery because of the mild and aqueous conditions involved in trapping bioactive agents. This paper reviews our recent progress on developing a new class of physical hydrogels based on the supramolecular self-assembly between cyclodextrins and bioabsorbable poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or its copolymers. Being thixotropic, the hydrogels can be injected through needles and applied as injectable drug delivery systems. The properties of the hydrogels also can be fine-tuned with triblock copolymers where PEO segments flank hydrophobic or biodegradable segments in the middle.
Thermal and Manufacturing Design Considerations for Silicon-Based Embedded Microchannel Three-Dimensional-Manifold Coolers (EMMC)—Part 3: Addressing Challenges in Laser Micromachining-Based Manufacturing of Three-Dimensional-Manifolded Microcooler Devices (2020)

Abstract Laser machining is an inexpensive and fast alternative to conventional microfabrication techniques and has the capability to produce complicated three-dimensional (3D), hierarchical structures. It is especially important while performing rapid prototyping and quick design studies of extreme heat flux cooling devices. One of the major issues plaguing the use of laser micromachining to manufacture commercially usable devices, is the formation of debris during cutting and the difficulty in removing these debris efficiently after the machining process. For silicon substrates, this debris can interfere with surrounding components and cause problems during bonding with other substrates by preventing uniform conformal contact. This study delves deep into the challenges faced and methods to overcome them during laser micromachining-based manufacturing of such complicated 3D-manifolded microcooler structures. Specifically, this work summarizes several postprocess techniques that can be employed for complete debris removal during etching of silicon samples using an Nd/YVO4 ultraviolet (UV) laser, detailing the advantages and drawbacks of each approach. A method that was found to be particularly promising to achieve very smooth surfaces with almost complete debris removal was the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a high-rigidity protective coating. In the process, a novel technique to strip PDMS from silicon surface was also developed. The result of this study is valuable to the microfabrication industry where smooth and clean substrate surfaces are highly desirable and it will significantly improve the process of using UV lasers to create microstructures for commercial applications as well as in a research environment.
Photobook creation and social sharing on facebook (2011)

Photobook is a popular form adopted by consumers to organize photos with text into pages for memory preserving. In this paper, a photobook creation and social sharing application developed on facebook platform is presented with the focus on the following perspectives: 1) imaging and layout technologies for photobook creation; 2) cloud based architecture design; 3) social photobook sharing. The application is live on facebook with proven data on user growth.
LoLA4SOR: A Low-Latency Algorithm for Successive Opportunistic Relaying (2019)

Buffer-aided (BA) relaying has been proposed as an efficient way to improve the diversity of multi-hop networks. Nonetheless, it results in increased end-to-end delay, as packets tend to reside in the relays’ buffers for many time-slots. In order to enable the adoption of BA relays in delay-intolerant applications, the combination with successive relaying can increase the number of packets that are transmitted. In this work, hybrid relay selection algorithms are studied, where delay- and diversity aware (DDA) half-duplex algorithms are complemented with successive BA relaying. Moreover, a hybrid DDA algorithm is presented, namely LoLA4SOR that adapts to the transmit conditions, switching between half-duplex (HD) and successive relaying (SuR). The performance of LoLA4SOR is compared to several HD, successive and hybrid algorithms, in terms of outage probability, throughput and delay. The results indicate that LoLA4SOR provides superior outage and throughput performance, while its delay performance is not affected by the buffer size and, as the number of relays increase, its delay reduces due to the high probability for successive transmissions.
Fluid Overload in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury (2010)

Fluid overload may occur in critically ill patients as a result of aggressive resuscitation therapies. In such circumstances, persistent fluid overload must be avoided since it does not benefit the patient while it may be harmful. In the septic patient, early volume expansion seems to be beneficial. Beyond that threshold, when organ failure develops, fluid overload has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes in multiple disparate studies. One well-designed randomized controlled trial showed the benefit of a conservative fluid management strategy based on limited fluid intake and use of furosemide in such patients. Use of diuretics should be only short term as long as it is effective, generally at high doses, while avoiding simultaneous utilization of nephrotoxins such as aminoglycosides. Multiple randomized controlled trials have not shown benefit in the use of diuretics, either to prevent AKI or to treat established AKI. If fluid overload (defined as fluid accumulation >10% over baseline) develops and the patient does not respond to diuretics, persistent use of these drugs will only lead to a delay in the initiation of dialysis or ultrafiltration and an increased risk of negative patient outcomes. In that setting, early initiation of continuous renal replacement therapies may be preferable.
Molecular cloning of the immunodominant regions of hepatitis C virus type III and IV by immunoscreening. (1993)

We have identified the immunodominant regions of hepatitis C virus (HCV) type III and IV by immunoscreening of a lambda gt11 cDNA library, which was constructed with RNA extracted from pooled sera of patients. In addition to the nucleocapsid protein, nonstructural region 3 (NS3), and NS4 regions, we found that the region at the N terminus of NS5 in type III and IV were also immunoreactive as well as in the prototype and type II, although amino acid homologies were approximately 60% between the prototype (or HCV type II) and HCV isolates of type III or IV. This result indicated that the region at the N terminus of NS5 may be a candidate for serotyping studies of HCV. This report presents the primary structure of immunodominant portions at the N terminus of NS5 in two HCV subtypes and a preliminary study of the immune responses to these antigens.
Target regimen profiles for treatment of tuberculosis: a WHO document (2017)

Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) relies on a combination of bactericidal and sterilising drugs administered for an adequate duration of time to ensure synergy of action in order to achieve definitive cure and prevent the selection of drug-resistant mutants [1]. Current treatment regimens are, however, not ideal, due to long duration and some toxicity. Particularly unsatisfactory are regimens recommended for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) (a form of tuberculosis with strains resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB that have lower efficacy, significant toxicity, longer duration and high costs [2–5]. New TB drugs and regimens are needed to improve cure rates, lessen toxicity, and shorten the treatment of both drug-susceptible (DS) and drug-resistant TB (currently at least 6 and 9–20 months, respectively) [6, 7]. Two TB drugs (bedaquiline and delamanid) [8, 9] have become available and are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of MDR-TB under certain conditions [10, 11]. Newly launched WHO target regimen profiles for new anti-TB regimens: process and results of this initiative <http://ow.ly/TOUO307po08>
3-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)aniline (2006)

In the title compound, C 12 H 18 BNO 2 , the amino group is less pyramidal than in aniline, only one of its H atoms forming a strong hydrogen bond.
Fluorescent Polystyrene–Fe3O4 Composite Nanospheres for In Vivo Imaging and Hyperthermia (2009)

Quantum dots (QDs) are immobilized on the surfaces of magnetic Fe3O4-composite nanospheres (MNSs, see figure). The QDs exhibit intense visible-light emission in fluorescence spectroscopy and successfully facilitate, for the first time, in vivo soft-tissue imaging in live mice. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles respond to an external magnetic field by increasing the temperature of the surrounding environment (i.e., hyperthermia), which can be used therapeutically.
Design of RESILIENCE: A phase (Ph) III trial comparing capecitabine (CAP) in combination with sorafenib (SOR) or placebo (PL) for treatment (tx) of locally advanced (adv) or metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer (BC). (2011)

TPS124 Background: SOR is an oral multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic/antiproliferative activity. A randomized Ph 2b screening trial (SOLTI 0701) that compared SOR+CAP vs PL+CAP in patients (pts) with adv BC demonstrated significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for the SOR arm (median 6.4 vs 4.1 mo; hazard ratio=0.58; 1-sided P=0.0006). Most drug-related adverse events were grade 1/2 in severity with the exception of grade 3 hand-foot skin reaction/syndrome (HFSR/HFS) (44% in SOR+CAP vs 14% in PL+CAP). The SOLTI 0701 results suggest a role for SOR+CAP in the tx of BC and warrant confirmation in a Ph 3 trial. Methods: RESILIENCE is an ongoing double-blind, randomized Ph 3 trial designed to compare SOR+CAP vs PL+CAP in adv HER2-negative BC. Eligibility criteria include: ≥18y of age; ≤1 prior chemotherapy regimen for adv BC; and resistant to/failed taxane and anthracycline or no indication for further anthracycline. Prior hormonal or radiation tx is allowed, but prior VEGF tx is not. Pts with significant cardiovascular disease or active brain metastases are not eligible. Pts are stratified by hormone receptor status, geographic region, and prior chemotherapy for adv BC (Y/N) and randomized (1:1) to CAP (1000 mg/m2 po twice daily [BID], days 1–14 of 21) in combination with SOR (po BID, days 1–21, total dose 600 mg/day) or matching PL. CAP and SOR/PL doses can be escalated to 2500 mg/m2 per day and 800 mg/day, respectively, as tolerated, or reduced to resolve toxicity but dose re-escalation is not allowed. Guidelines are provided for prophylactic and symptomatic tx of HFSR/HFS. Radiographic assessment is every 6 wk for the first 36 wk, and every 9 wk thereafter. The primary endpoint is PFS. Secondary endpoints include overall survival, time to progression, overall response rate, duration of response (RECIST 1.1 criteria), and safety. Enrollment began in Nov 2010 with a target of ~519 pts. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01234337). Conclusions: RESILIENCE will provide definitive PFS data for SOR+CAP in adv HER2-negative BC and better characterize the benefit-to-risk profile.
Outcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus mutant post‐liver transplantation on lamivudine monoprophylaxis (2004)

The emergence of YMDD mutants after liver transplantation on lamivudine monoprophylaxis had wide range of clinical presentations and was associated with increased mortality.
Performance limits of first-order PMD compensators using fixed and variable DGD elements (2002)

In this letter, we analyze optical polarization-mode dispersion compensators using a single differential-group-delay (DGD) element that is either fixed or variable. We evaluate the upper-bound performance limits, and quantify the compensator performance under dynamic operations. We show that the variable-delay compensator can reduce the risk of feedback loops trapping a locally optimized state. Moreover, the variable-delay approach provides superior performance as compared to a fixed-delay compensator by increasing the optimal system tolerance for a 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero signal from 28 to 33 ps of average link DGD.
Power Allocation for Multipair Massive MIMO FD Relay Systems with Low Resolution ADCs (2019)

To reduce energy consumption, relay stations with massive antenna arrays can be equipped with low resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Due to powerful loop interference in full-duplex (FD) relaying, however, low resolution ADCs generate strong quantization noise that has severe impact on the throughput of the system. In this paper, the throughput and energy efficiency of a FD decode-and-forward relay system with low resolution ADCs is investigated. Based on the mathematical analysis, a novel iterative power allocation scheme that mitigates the impact of the quantization noise via reducing the received LI power is proposed. The power allocation scheme aims at maximizing the end-to-end achievable rate by adjusting the per-link transmit powers at the relay. The numerical results show that compared to half-duplex relaying, using FD with the proposed power allocation scheme improves the system throughput and energy efficiency significantly.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Integrating RAS Status into Prognostic Signatures for Adenocarcinomas of the Lung (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for a cohort of 404 adenocarcinoma patients stratified according to RAS mutation status.&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of atmospheric species on the electrical properties of functionalized graphene sheets (2018)

We report on the time-dependent influence of atmospheric species on the electrical properties of functionalized graphene sheets (FGSs). When exposed to laboratory air, FGSs exhibit a significant, irreversible decrease in electrical conductance with time, strongly depending on the oxygen content of the FGSs. To separate the roles of charge carrier density and mobility in this aging process, we performed electron transport measurements using a back-gate field-effect transistor architecture. Investigating the position of the Dirac point under different atmospheres, we found that adsorbed atmospheric species result in pronounced p-doping, which - on a short time scale - can be reversed under nitrogen atmosphere. However, on a time scale of several days, the resistance increases irreversibly, while the Dirac point voltage remains constant. From these experiments, we conclude that the aging of FGSs is related to the chemisorption of atmospheric species leading to enhanced carrier scattering due to an increasing amount of sp<sup>3</sup>- regions and thus to a reduced charge carrier mobility.
Transient thermal performance optimization for an automotive wireless application (2008)

A detailed transient thermal study for a Remote Keyless Entry System with dynamic heat sources is performed using numerical simulations. The device is packaged in a 54 lead SOIC (small outline IC) package with an exposed copper slug, attached to a 4-layer PCB with thermal vias embedded in the board. The challenge resides in the transient thermal interaction between the several dynamic heat sources (channels), activated in a sequential fashion following different powering profiles and patterns. The main purpose of the device is to wirelessly provide a communication path between the remote key and the receiver placed in the car, so the distance and the signal strength between the two are paramount for an optimal operation. The signal strength is directly associated with the voltage (and associated powering) levels. Several operating scenarios are evaluated while modifying the system design (with/without thermal via pattern) and varying power dissipation and duration levels. The study starts first with all channels dissipating steady state power, followed by activating the entire dynamic system comprised of six channels dissipating power reaching over 17 W at different time intervals. The transient thermal behavior of each source is analyzed during the process, and indicates that the targeted design at 14 V exceeds the thermal budget (150C) after only 3 powering cycles. Based on the analysis of the complex temperature fields for the multiple dynamic source system, alternative power profiles are identified to improve the thermal performance of the overall wireless system, by splitting the power in selective channels. Several additional cases are further investigated, and the optimized power profiles indicate that they satisfy the thermal budget under various operating conditions and several multiple cycles, while still maintaining the device voltage at 14 V levels.
Microwave-induced transformation of rice husks to SiC (2012)

Samples of rice husks were transformed to β (3C)-SiC by microwave processing in controlled conditions of temperature and vacuum. This simple and fast way of producing powdered samples of silicon carbide is technologically important if this material is to be used for electronics, sensors, biotechnology, and other applications. Using x-ray diffraction it was found that the microwave processed sample at 1900 °C consists of β (3C)-SiC phase. Raman scattering measurements confirmed the formation of β (3C)-SiC phase. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of stacking faults along the [111] direction. The presence of 6H/4H stacking faults in 3C phase is explained in terms of their total energies. The presence of these stacking faults with a ∼1 eV band offset between the host 3C and hexagonal stacking faults implies that these stacking faults provide a conduction barrier, and the interfaces between the stacking faults and host lattice act as a heterojunction that may provide potential utility for various optoelectronic applications.
Encapsulated Conjugated Oligomer Nanoparticles for Real‐Time Photoacoustic Sentinel Lymph Node Imaging and Targeted Photothermal Therapy (2016)

Noninvasive and nonionizing imaging of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) is highly desirable for the detection of breast cancer metastasis through sentinel lymph node biopsy. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is an emerging imaging technique that can serve as a suitable approach for SLN imaging. Herein, novel conjugated oligomer based nanoparticles (NPs) with strong NIR absorption, good biocompatibility, excellent PA contrast, and good photothermal conversion efficiency are reported. Real-time PA imaging of SLN reveals high resolution of the NPs via injection from the left forepaw pad. In addition, the surface functionalized NPs can target breast cancer cells and kill them efficiently and specifically through photothermal therapy upon 808 nm laser irradiation. This work shows great potential of the nanoparticle PA contrast agent to serve as a multifunctional probe for photothermal therapy at SLNs to achieve the inhibition of cancer cell metastasis in the near future.
Ku can contribute to telomere lengthening in yeast at multiple positions in the telomerase RNP (2010)

Unlike ribonucleoprotein complexes that have a highly ordered overall architecture, such as the ribosome, yeast telomerase appears to be much more loosely constrained. Here, we investigate the importance of positioning of the Ku subunit within the 1157-nt yeast telomerase RNA (TLC1). Deletion of the 48-nt Ku-binding hairpin in TLC1 RNA (tlc1Δ48) reduces telomere length, survival of cells with gross chromosomal rearrangements, and de novo telomere addition at a broken chromosome end. To test the function of Ku at novel positions in the telomerase RNP, we reintroduced its binding site into tlc1Δ48 RNA at position 446 or 1029. We found that Ku bound to these repositioned sites in vivo and telomere length increased slightly, but statistically significantly. The ability of telomerase to promote survival of cells with gross chromosomal rearrangements by healing damaged chromosome arms was also partially restored, whereas the kinetics of DNA addition to a specific chromosome break was delayed. Having two Ku sites in TLC1 caused progressive hyperelongation of a variable subset of telomeres, consistent with Ku's role in telomerase recruitment to chromosome ends. The number of Ku-binding sites in TLC1 contributed to telomerase RNA abundance in vivo but was only partially responsible for telomere length phenotypes. Thus, telomerase RNA levels and telomere length regulation can be modulated by the number of Ku sites in telomerase RNA. Furthermore, there is substantial flexibility in the relative positioning of Ku in the telomerase RNP for native telomere length maintenance, although not as much flexibility as for the essential Est1p subunit.