gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MBMS—IP Multicast/Broadcast in 3G Networks (2009)

In this article, the Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) as standardized in 3GPP is presented. With MBMS, multicast and broadcast capabilities are introduced into cellular networks. After an introduction into MBMS technology, MBMS radio bearer realizations are presented. Different MBMS bearer services like broadcast mode, enhanced broadcast mode and multicast mode are discussed. Streaming and download services over MBMS are presented and supported media codecs are listed. Service layer components as defined in Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) are introduced. For a Mobile TV use case capacity improvements achieved by MBMS are shown. Finally, evolution of MBMS as part of 3GPP standardization is presented.
Electrooptic polymer materials and devices for global optical interconnects (1990)

Global optical interconnects can provide high data rate parallel communication capability through access to the internal nodes of very large scale integrated circuits. Topographic arrays of polymeric electrooptic multilayer devices such as etalons or multilayer mirrors broadcast the data stored on the surface of the chip. Differential detection of this image permits interconnection without the need for high contrast ratios. An experimental demonstration of a point-to-point interconnection using a Fabry-Perot etalon with a polymeric thin film spacer is presented.
Spatially modulated metamaterial array for transmit (SMMArT) and slow-leaky-wave antennas (2016)

Waveform diversity (WD) has the potential to profoundly impact radar operation through new advantageous uses of design degrees-of-freedom as long as the waveform and signal processing structure can be appropriately married to the physical electromagnetic (EM) and system operation. Within this context, the EM behavior of the recently introduced Spatially Modulated Metamaterial Array for Transmit (SMMArT) concept, itself a realization of a special class of MIMO radar denoted as spatial modulation, is analyzed by means of full-wave finite-elements simulations. Radiation patterns under various forms of excitation are calculated. A parametric study of a slotted Clarricoats-Waldron waveguide (CWW) is presented that identifies the practical feasibility of design constraints that must be considered in order to suppress undesired intermodal coupling.
Quantum and statistical mechanical studies of liquids. 21. The nature of dilute solutions of sodium and methoxide ions in methanol (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantum and statistical mechanical studies of liquids. 21. The nature of dilute solutions of sodium and methoxide ions in methanolWilliam L. Jorgensen, Bernard Bigot, and Jayaraman ChandrasekharCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 17, 4584–4591Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00381a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00381a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and high-temperature properties of medium-entropy (Ti,Ta,Zr,Nb)C using the spark plasma consolidation of carbide powders (2020)

In this study, we explore a simple and effective method for producing a quaternary solid-solution of carbides, a medium-entropy (Ti1/4Ta1/4Zr1/4Nb1/4)C. Using commercially-available carbide powders with an equimolar ratio and performing spark plasma consolidation at 1927 ​°C and 1977 ​°C, we demonstrated that the phase formation and high-temperature flexural strength can be controlled using the processing conditions. The flexural strength and fracture toughness at room temperature were reached an average of 560 ​MPa and 3.2 ​MPa ​m1/2, respectively. The high-temperature performance of these ceramics was analyzed and compared with the available data for the group IV and V transition metal carbide monoliths.
Intelligent Sensors for Health Management (2011)

Future aerospace vehicles and missions will require significantly improved system health management (SHM) capabilities. Vehicle systems that require intense human intervention or monitoring take valuable ground and flight crew time from other critical functions and overall are impediments to realization of cost-effective and safe aerospace systems. Therefore, SHM and the sensor systems that enable it are necessary throughout the vehicle to enable next-generation vehicles. This chapter focuses on recent developments in sensor technology necessary to enable the next-generation SHM systems. These developments include improved ease of sensor integration, improved sensor reliability, redundancy, cross-correlation in vehicle sensing systems, and orthogonality in sensor measurements. This means sensors must be smarter, smaller, multifunctional, more reliable, and easy to apply. Examples of cutting-edge sensor systems which illustrate aspects of these improved capabilities are given, including smart sensors, “lick and stick” technology, spray-on sensors, multi-parameter physical sensors, and a fire detection system using sensor orthogonality to improve reliability. Further, the successful operation of a sensor in a given environment depends strongly on supporting technologies beyond the sensor element itself, for example, packaging, signal conditioning, and an understanding of what a sensor response means in a given environment. Examples are given of some technologies necessary to make a sensor element into an operational sensor system. It is concluded that improvements in sensor technology are necessary to enable SHM and achieve aerospace goals. Most importantly, decisions must be made early on in the vehicle design supporting the inclusion of an integrated sensor system for SHM. While this chapter focuses on human spaceflight applications, the technical themes presented have relevance throughout aerospace.
Generalized priority queue manager design for ATM switches (2002)

Our concern is the problem of efficiently supporting multiple QoS requirements in ATM networks. A queue manager in ATM network nodes schedules cell transmission based on urgencies at the decision moment, while it controls buffer access based on the cell loss priorities. In this paper, we propose a generalized priority queue manager (GPQM) which supports multiple QoS requirements at class level while also guaranteeing fairness at connection level. It adopts the self-clocked fair queueing (SCFQ) algorithm to achieve fairness and the earliest-due date (EDD) scheme to meet various delay requirements. It supports delay requirements management at class level as well as fair scheduling at connection level. For buffer management, it adopts self-calibrating pushout (SCP) for class level control followed by connection level head-of-line cell discarding. The SCP buffer management scheme allows the buffer to be completely shared by all service classes. Moreover, it keeps an almost identical cell loss rate among connections in the same loss priority. We present a practical architecture to implement GPQM, facilitated by a new VLSI chip (called the generalized sequencer chip), an enhanced version of the existing sequencer chip.
Ultrabroad-band ring oscillator for short pulse generation (1996)

Approaching the gain-bandwidth-limit in Kerr-lens-mode-locked (KLM) 1 Ti:sapphire (Ti:S) and related vibronic solid state lasers has been primarily limited by the finite high-reflectivity bandwidth Δ ν HR of quarterwave multilayer dielectric mirrors and the finite constant-group-delay-dispersion bandwidth Δ ν GDD of prism pairs. Although the discovery of chirped multilayer dielectric mirrors 2 and their subsequent use in KLM Ti:S lasers 3 improved the situation, several problems have remained to be solved: i) a quarterwave dichroic mirror used for pump beam coupling and a quarterwave output coupler were employed and hence limited Δ ν HR also in mirror-dispersion-controlled systems, 3 ii) initiating mode locking becomes more and more difficult for shorter pulse durations. This latter problem relates on the one hand to the low negative GDD required for sub-10fs pulses. On the other hand, self amplitude modulation can not be maximized as suggested before 4 due to saturation problems at very short steady-state pulse durations.
Intensive und konventionelle Insulintherapie bei Diabetes mellitus Typ-2: Behandlungsqualität in Schwerpunktpraxis, Diabetesfachklinik und Akutkrankenhaus in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 2005: Auswertung der Zertifizierungsdaten zur Diabeteseinrichtung DDG (2008)

Fragestellung: In Deutschland werden zwei Drittel der insulinbehandelten Patienten mit Diabetes Typ-2 mit einer Form der ICT behandelt. Es liegen drei randomisierte prospektive Studien zur ICT bei Typ-2-Diabetes vor (Bretzel Diabetes Care 2004, Kloos Diabetes Care 2007, Holman NEJM 2007), die keine Überlegenheit der ICT zur konventionellen Insulintherapie (CT) zeigen.
ATTOSECOND PHYSICS: CONTROLLING AND TRACKING ELECTRON DYNAMICS ON AN ATOMIC TIME SCALE (2005)

The change from a zero transition to the maximum amplitude of the electric field of visible light lasts shorter than one femtosecond (1 fs = 10<sup>-15</sup> s). By precisely controlling the hyperfast electric field oscillations in a short laser pulse we developed a measuring apparatus - the Atomic Transient Recorder - like an ultrafast stopwatch. This apparatus is capable of measuring the duration of atomic processes and electron dynamics with an accuracy of less than 100 attoseconds (1 as = 10<sup>-18</sup> s), which is the typical duration of electronic processes (transients) deep inside atoms. A 250-attosecond X-ray pulse initiates the atomic process to be measured and the attosecond stopwatch at the same time. For the first time it is now possible with this new measuring method to observe ultrafast processes in the electron shell of atoms.
On Coded Caching in the Overloaded MISO Broadcast Channel (2017)

This work investigates the interplay of coded caching and spatial multiplexing in an overloaded Multiple-Input-Single-Output (MISO) Broadcast Channel (BC), i.e. a system where the number of users is greater than the number of transmitting antennas. On one hand, coded caching uses the aggregate global cache memory of the users to create multicasting opportunities. On the other hand, multiple antennas at the transmitter leverage the available CSIT to transmit multiple streams simultaneously. In this paper, we introduce a novel scheme which combines both the gain derived from coded-caching and spatial multiplexing and outperforms existing schemes in terms of delivery time and CSIT requirement.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of Apoptosis by 1-Hydroxy-5,7-Dimethoxy-2-Naphthalene-Carboxaldehyde, a Novel Compound from <i>Aegle marmelos</i> (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of Apoptosis by 1-Hydroxy-5,7-Dimethoxy-2-Naphthalene-Carboxaldehyde, a Novel Compound from &lt;i&gt;Aegle marmelos&lt;/i&gt;
Reduction of Induced Electric Field on Power Lines Due to Resonance of MW Broadcasting Wave (2002)

It has been pointed out that a very strong electromagnetic field is induced occasionally along aerial power lines located near a medium wave (MW) broadcasting station, and the construction and the maintenance of power lines are sometimes endangered. We have presented a method to predict a dangerous span before the construction and the maintenance, and a use of a loading of appropriate inductor to decrease the induced field the case where the resonant loop is composed of three power lines, i.e., a top conductor, a middle conductor and a bottom conductor and part of towers. In this paper, the effect of loading inductor for the case that the resonant loop includes a ground wire is presented. Since the ground wire is connected directly to the tower, the inductor can not be loaded into the ground wire. It is shown that the field strength in the vicinity of three power lines can be suppressed by loading the inductor to three power cables each. However, the field in the vicinity of the ground wire can not be suppressed significantly. Measured values of the field strength in the vicinity of the bottom conductor is presented to confirm the suppression effect.
Direct Measurement of Individual Deep Traps in Single Silicon Nanowires (2011)

The potential of the metal nanocatalyst to contaminate vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) grown semiconductor nanowires has been a long-standing concern, since the most common catalyst material, Au, is known to induce deep gap states in several semiconductors. Here we use Kelvin probe force microscopy to image individual deep acceptor type trapping centers in single undoped Si nanowires grown with an Au catalyst. The switching between occupied and empty trap states is reversibly controlled by the back-gate potential in a nanowire transistor. The trap energy level, i.e., E(C) - E(T) = 0.65 ± 0.1 eV was extracted and the concentration was estimated to be ∼2 × 10(16) cm(-3). The energy and concentration are consistent with traps resulting from the unintentional incorporation of Au atoms during the VLS growth.
Data from <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Characterization of Irreversible Mutant-Selective EGFR Inhibitors That Are Wild-Type Sparing (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Patients with non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with activating mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) initially respond well to the EGFR inhibitors erlotinib and gefitinib. However, all patients relapse because of the emergence of drug-resistant mutations, with T790M mutations accounting for approximately 60% of all resistance. Second-generation irreversible EGFR inhibitors are effective against T790M mutations &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;, but retain affinity for wild-type EGFR (EGFR&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;). These inhibitors have not provided compelling clinical benefit in T790M-positive patients, apparently because of dose-limiting toxicities associated with inhibition of EGFR&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need for therapeutics that overcome T790M drug resistance while sparing EGFR&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;. Here, we describe a lead optimization program that led to the discovery of four potent irreversible 2,4-diaminopyrimidine compounds that are EGFR mutant (EGFR&lt;sup&gt;mut&lt;/sup&gt;) selective and have been designed to have low affinity for EGFR&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in H1975 tumor–bearing mice showed that exposure was dose proportional resulting in dose-dependent EGFR modulation. Importantly, evaluation of normal lung tissue from the same animals showed no inhibition of EGFR&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;. Of all the compounds tested, compound 3 displayed the best efficacy in EGFR&lt;sup&gt;L858R/T790M&lt;/sup&gt;-driven tumors. Compound 3, now renamed CO-1686, is currently in a phase I/II clinical trial in patients with EGFR&lt;sup&gt;mut&lt;/sup&gt;-advanced NSCLC that have received prior EGFR-directed therapy. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 13(6); 1468–79. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Rapid prototyping of single-photon-sensitive backside-illuminated silicon avalanche photodiode arrays (2019)

We have developed a new approach for rapid die-level hybridization of backside-illuminated silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays to CMOS readout integrated circuits (ROICs). APD arrays are fabricated on a custom silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer engineered with a built-in backside contact and passivation layer. The engineered APD substrate structure facilitates uniform APD substrate removal by selective etching at the die level after bump bonding. The new integration process has the following advantages over wafer-level 3D integration: 1) reduced cost per development cycle since a dedicated full-wafer ROIC fabrication is not needed, 2) compatibility with existing ROICs that are in chip-format from previous fabrication runs, and 3) accelerated schedule. The new approach is applied to produce 32&times;32 100-&mu;m-pitch silicon GmAPD arrays. Electrical performance of the APD arrays show 100% pixel connectivity and excellent yield before and after substrate removal.
VLSI implementation of deep neural networks using integral stochastic computing (2016)

The hardware implementation of deep neural networks (DNNs) has recently received tremendous attention since many applications require high-speed operations. However, numerous processing elements and complex interconnections are usually required, leading to a large area occupation and a high power consumption. Stochastic computing has shown promising results for area-efficient hardware implementations, even though existing stochastic algorithms require long streams that exhibit long latency. In this paper, we propose an integer form of stochastic computation and introduce some elementary circuits. We then propose an efficient implementation of a DNN based on integral stochastic computing. The proposed architecture uses integer stochastic streams and a modified Finite State Machine-based tanh function to improve the performance and reduce the latency compared to existing stochastic architectures for DNN. The simulation results show the negligible performance loss of the proposed integer stochastic DNN for different network sizes compared to their floating point versions.
Robust tracking and segmentation of human motion in an image sequence (2003)

We present a method for improving robustness in feature-based tracking of human motion. Motion flows of features estimated by a standard tracker are modified to be coherent with neighboring ones. This coherence constraint is computed based on a smooth approximation to initial motion flows computed by the tracker. With these tracking results, we demonstrate motion segmentation of different body parts in an image sequence.
OP03.02: Comparison of uterine peristalsis features in the follicular phase using ultrasound speckle‐tracking in stimulated IVF/ICSI patients to normal women (2022)

To study the effect of exogenous hormones on uterine contraction features using a validated new automated quantitative method which objectively analyses uterine strain using speckle tracking. This multicentre prospective observational cohort study was performed between 2020 and 2022 in the Catharina Hospital in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, Embryolab Fertility Centre in Thessaloniki, Greece and University of Naples, Federico II in Naples, Italy. The primary outcomes were the contraction features: frequency, amplitude, direction and coordination. Each participant underwent a 2.5 to 4-minute transvaginal ultrasound of the uterus in mid-sagittal plane. Ultrasound recordings in women undergoing IVF/ICSI on the day of follicle aspiration were compared with naturally ovulating controls on cycle day 9–14. 19 women undergoing IVF/ICSI were included regardless of the treatment cycle number and stimulation protocol. The control group consisted of 29 healthy premenopausal women with spontaneous regular cycles. All patients and healthy controls had normal uteri on transvaginal ultrasound. Characteristics of IVF/ICSI patients and healthy volunteers showed no statistically significant differences. Both groups predominantly consisted of nulliparous women. In IVF/ICSI patients the contraction amplitude was significantly higher compared to controls (0.081 versus 0.058, p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in contraction direction, frequency and coordination. Patients with normal uteri treated with exogenous hormones during IVF/ICSI treatment show significantly increased contraction amplitude parameters compared to normal ovulating women. Future research should explore which uterine contraction profile is associated with viable pregnancy: during the natural menstrual cycle, or when treated with hormones. The question arises whether it is preferred to transfer the embryo in the stimulated cycle or implement a freeze-all policy and transfer during the natural menstrual cycle.
Concepts for future solid state lighting solutions (2010)

In this contribution the relevant technological aspects of LED-based lamps for solid state lighting are discussed. In addition to general energy efficiency considerations improvements in LED chip technology and white light generation are presented.
Benchmarking Ultrawideband Phased Antenna Arrays: Striving for Clearer and More Informative Reporting Practices (2018)

This article presents embedded element design and measurement data for an ultrawideband (UWB) flared-notch (Vivaldi) array. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) built this all-metal dual-polarized phased array specifically as a benchmarking reference for other planar phased-array apertures in the 2-21.2-GHz frequency range. It is suitable for comparative reporting of new array radiator performance, a practice favored by the Navy for effective technology readiness level (TRL) assessment. The 256-port (16 × 16, 7-mm array lattice spacing) slant-linear array is precision machined to ensure consistent agreement between measured performance results and predictions from simulated full-wave models, making the array desirable for benchmarking new array hardware as well as validating computational modeling tools. The optimally sampled aperture has excellent matching and zero scan blindness out to 80° in all scan planes, for grating-lobe-free scans over roughly 2-21.2 GHz. Benchmarking is tailored to highlight cross-polarization (cross-pol) performance in all scan planes, an important metric that should be tested during array radiator design. This data can be made available to design engineers for comparative evaluation of new UWB radiator performance under a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA). NRL provides this and similar benchmarking data sets (and related measurement services) in the 0.8-75-GHz range.
Aktivitätenmodell (1993)

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird ein anwendungsorientiertes Verarbeitungsmodell für geregelte arbeitsteilige Anwendungen definiert. Das Verarbeitungsmodell orientiert sich eng an der Klasse der zu unterstützenden Anwendungen und reglementiert die Abwicklung von Abläufen in geregelten arbeitsteiligen Anwendungen (Abschnitt 6.1). Für dieses anwendungsorientierte Verarbeitungsmodell wird anschließend eine rechnergestützte Darstellung in Form von Aktivitäten und Aktivitätennetzen entwickelt. Abschnitt 6.2 beschreibt zunächst den Aufbau einer Aktivität, während in Abschnitt 6.3 auf die möglichen Strukturen in einem Aktivitätennetz eingegangen wird. Diese rechnergestützte Darstellung des Verarbeitungsmodells in Form von Aktivitäten und Aktivitätennetzen kann systemtechnisch vom Ablaufkontrollsystem ActMan verarbeitet werden, das in den Kapiteln 7 und 8 eingehender beschrieben wird.
Gene Transfer to Rabbit Retina with Electron Avalanche Transfection (2006)

Electron avalanche transfection is a powerful new technology for safe DNA delivery that has great promise as a nonviral system of gene transfer.