gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation and Comparison of a Low-Cost, PLL-Based Acquisition System Under Off-Nominal Conditions (2019)

In the past years, strong changes of power network architectures and operation have led to make use of huge quantities of instrumentation, spread around the grid. In fact, there is a strong need to perform very accurate measurements of electrical quantities in many nodes of the network, mainly due to the strong penetration of distributed generation. Recently, the main Italian utility has also asked for such kind of instrumentation. Its main feature must be to perform accurate measurements in all actual conditions. Such conditions include the instrumentation operation during the off-nominal condition of the network. To this purpose, in this paper, a low-cost acquisition system (AS) developed by the authors is recalled. Then, a full comparison with off-the-shelf products during ideal or not power source is provided. The obtained results highlight the potentialities of the developed system for its implementation in both laboratory or medium-/low-voltage (MV/LV) networks.
Septic leachate surveys for lakeside sewer needs evaluation (2016)

The rising costs of structural wastewater treatment systems and the realization of the limited capabilities of even the massive Section 201 funding prompted the 1977 amendments to the Clean Water Act (PL 95-217). In particular, the amendments attempted to recognize the great potential of redirecting attention to individual on-lot systems and to provide for a higher level of fed eral funding. A review of facilities planning for rural lake communities highlighted several major areas of deficiencies:1 Facilities plan proposals often viewed the existence of shoreline septic facilities as a priori evidence of water quality problems. Where water quality problems existed, only casual efforts were made to determine if any cause-and-effect relationships existed between individual systems and perceived problems. The responsibilities of local public health officials for existing on-site systems are generally limited to en forcement actions for system failures identified by the homeowner or his neighbors. Public health officials, with notable exceptions, are unprepared to provide com prehensive information on actual water quality and the effect on public health from shoreline septic systems. To demonstrate how the effectiveness of evaluation of septic systems could be increased, a specially de signed survey was conducted along the shoreline of Crystal Lake in the glacial deposits of northern Mich igan.2 Using a newly developed septic leachate detec tor3,4 and a groundwater flow meter, a surface and groundwater sampling program, and mathematical techniques for evaluating the condition of groundwater plumes, the performance of shoreline on-lot treatment systems was analyzed. The survey identified three dif ferent types of discharges from malfunctioning shore line systems: erupting groundwater plumes, dormant (seasonal) groundwater plumes, and surface-water plumes. The position and density of plumes were related to the observed flow of shoreline ground water.
Polyphosphoester surfactants as general stealth coatings for polymeric nanocarriers (2020)

Opsonization of nanocarriers is one of the most important biological barriers for controlled drug delivery. The typical way to prevent such unspecific protein adsorption and thus fast clearance by the immune system is the covalent modification of drug delivery vehicles with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), so-called PEGylation. Recently, polyphosphoesters (PPEs) were identified as adequate PEG substitutes, however with the benefits of controllable hydrophilicity, additional chemical functionality, or biodegradability. Here, we present a general strategy by non-covalent adsorption of different nonionic PPE-surfactants to nanocarriers with stealth properties. Polyphosphoester surfactants with different binding motifs were synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of cyclic phosphates or phosphonates and well-defined polymers were obtained. They were evaluated with regard to their cytotoxicity, protein interactions, and corona formation and their cellular uptake. We proved that all PPE-surfactants have lower cytotoxicity as the common PEG-based surfactant (Lutensol® AT 50) and that their hydrolysis is controlled by their chemical structure. Two polymeric nanocarriers, namely polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), and bio-based and potentially biodegradable hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers were coated with the PPE-surfactants. All nanocarriers exhibited reduced protein adsorption after coating with PPE-surfactants and a strongly reduced interaction with macrophages. This general strategy allows the transformation of polymeric nanocarriers into camouflaged nanocarriers and by the chemical versatility of PPEs will allow the attachment of additional moieties for advanced drug delivery.
ChemInform Abstract: Preference of cis‐Amide Structure in N‐Acyl‐N‐methylanilines (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Three-Dimensional RF Sensor Networks for Widespread Spectrum Monitoring (2022)

Spectrum monitoring could improve spectral management and efficiency by enabling spectrum sharing, strengthening policy enforcement, and facilitating data-driven modeling of RF environments. This paper considers spectrum monitoring sensor networks in three dimensions to extend previous work on two-dimensional models. We derive a closed-form expression for the probability of emitter detection, which acts as a metric for system design. We find optimal antenna half-power beamwidths for emitter detection. Additionally, we find that for a path loss exponent less than approximately 3.22, directional antennas are optimal. Otherwise, omnidirectional antennas are optimal. Further, despite potential sub-optimality, omnidirectional antennas are found to be robust in changing environments. Finally, a survey of antenna gain models is evaluated against real antennas to validate the choice of gain model in the paper.
Properties of white birch (Betula papyrifera) outer bark particleboards with reinforcement of coarse wood particles in the core layer (2008)

$\bullet$ This study proposes substituting traditional raw materials in the surface layers of wood particleboards with the water resistant white birch (Betula papyrifera) outer bark particles, which can help improve the dimensional stability of manufactured mixed particleboards, thereby alleviating shortages of raw material in a cost-efficient manner. $\bullet$ Mixed particleboards were fabricated in the laboratory using untreated or alkali treated white birch outer bark particles as substitute material. These particles were resinated successively with three percentages of phenol-formaldehyde resin. Overall, the results of this study clearly demonstrate that the panels could be manufactured using up to 45% of the proposed substitute material and still maintain the required mechanical and physical properties. $\bullet$ Alkali treatment was used to remove natural wax from bark particles surface which hinders resin adhesion. This treatment negatively affected mechanical and physical properties of finished panels and the variation of phenol-formaldehyde resin percentage in the bark particles significantly affected only their hardness. $\bullet$ Panel with untreated bark particles in the surface layers, resinated with 5% phenol-formaldehyde resin was selected as the best with the help of a statistical analysis carried out in a factorial complete block design, especially from the dimensional stability criterion.
Recent Advances in Multi‐Layer Light‐Emitting Heterostructure Transistors (2021)

Light-emitting transistors (LETs) have attracted tremendous academic and industrial interest due to their dual functions of electrical switching and light emission in a single device, which can considerably reduce system complexity and manufacturing costs, especially in the area of flat panel and flexible displays as well as lighting and lasers. In recent years, enhanced LET performance has been achieved by introducing multiple-layer heterostructures in the charge-carrying/light-emitting LET channel versus the best-reported performance in single active layer LETs, rendering multi-layer LETs promising candidates for next-generation display technologies. In this review, the fundamental structures and working principles of multi-layer heterostructure LETs are introduced. Next, developments in multi-layer LETs are discussed based on co-planar LETs, non-planar LETs, and vertical LETs including organic, quantum dot, and perovskite light emitters. Finally, this review concludes with a summary and a perspective on the future of this research field.
Direct Target Site Identification of a Sulfonyl–Triazole Covalent Kinase Probe by LC-MS Chemical Proteomics (2021)

Chemical proteomics is widely used for the global investigation of protein activity and binding of small molecule ligands. Covalent probe binding and inhibition are assessed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to gain molecular information on targeted proteins and probe-modified sites. The identification of amino acid sites modified by large complex probes, however, is particularly challenging because of the increased size, hydrophobicity, and charge state of peptides derived from modified proteins. These studies are important for direct evaluation of proteome-wide selectivity of inhibitor scaffolds used to develop targeted covalent inhibitors. Here, we disclose reverse-phase chromatography and MS dissociation conditions tailored for binding site identification using a clickable covalent kinase inhibitor containing a sulfonyl-triazole reactive group (KY-26). We applied this LC-MS/MS strategy to identify tyrosine and lysine sites modified by KY-26 in functional sites of kinases and other ATP-/NAD-binding proteins (>65 in total) in live cells. Our studies revealed key bioanalytical conditions to guide future chemical proteomic workflows for direct target site identification of complex irreversible probes and inhibitors.
Studies on the acid-catalyzed homonuclear steroidal diene isomerization (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on the acid-catalyzed homonuclear steroidal diene isomerizationRoland E. Dolle, Stanley J. Schmidt, Drake Eggleston, and Lawrence I. KruseCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1563–1566Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a044RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (564 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A new generation of algorithms for computerized threshold perimetry, SITA (1997)

We applied new methods which take available knowledge of visual field physiology and pathophysiology into account, and employ modern computer-intensive mathematical methods for real time estimates of threshold values and threshold error estimates. In this way it was possible to design a family of testing algorithms which significantly reduced perimetric test time without any loss of quality in results.
Genetic diversity of Streptococcus suis serotypes 2 and 1/2 isolates recovered from carrier pigs in closed herds. (2002)

The aim of this study was to compare, by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), the diversity of Streptococcus suis serotypes 1/2 and 2 isolates recovered at slaughter houses from the tonsils of clinically healthy pigs. The pigs belonged to herds with or without clinical signs of S. suis disease. Overall, a low diversity was observed among isolates of serotype 1/2. A representative isolate recovered from a diseased animal presented a relatively high similarity (85%), with most isolates recovered from carrier pigs, from herds either with or without clinical signs of S. suis disease. For serotype 2 isolates, a relatively high degree of heterogeneity was observed in the whole population. Two subpopulations were observed for serotype 2 isolates, which arose from herds with clinical signs. Interestingly, the representative isolate coming from the diseased pig was included in a small closed cluster, with 2 isolates recovered from carrier pigs belonging to the same herd. On the other hand, most of the S. suis serotype 2 isolates originating from herds with no history of S. suis disease, were closely related (90% similarity). Furthermore, they presented different RAPD patterns from those originating from animals from the herd presenting S. suis clinical signs due to this serotype. Results suggest that, in the herds studied, clinical manifestations due to serotype 2 are probably related to the virulence of a specific isolate. Conversely, for the herd affected with serotype 1/2, clinical manifestations of the disease were more likely to be the result of inherent herd factors than the virulence of the specific isolate.
Protocol for high-throughput electron tomography exemplified on centrioles in primary human plasma cells (2023)

Electron microscopy is the gold standard to characterize cellular ultrastructure. However, production of significant morphometrical data is highly limited by acquisition time. Here, we describe a semi-automated high-throughput strategy using single-axis serial section electron tomography to investigate and analyze centriole ultrastructure in bone-marrow-derived, primary human CD138<sup>pos</sup> plasma cells. The protocol comprises steps for electron microscopy sample preparation, semi-automated transmission electron microscopy screening, and screening evaluation for cells of interest. Thereafter, we detail tomography acquisition, data reconstruction, and joining. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Dittrich et al.<sup>1</sup>.
Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov., a novel dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing, anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium (1999)

A thermophilic, anaerobic, spore-forming, dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, designated strain SR4T, was isolated from sediment of newly formed hydrothermal vents in the area of the eruption of Karymsky volcano on the Kamchatka peninsula. Cells of strain SR4T were straight-to-curved, peritrichous rods, 0.4-0.6 micron in diameter and 3.5-9.0 microns in length, and exhibited a slight tumbling motility. Strain SR4T formed round, refractile, heat-resistant endospores in terminally swollen sporangia. The temperature range for growth was 39-78 degrees C, with an optimum at 69-71 degrees C. The pH range for growth was 4.8-8.2, with an optimum at 6.3-6.5. Strain SR4T grew anaerobically with peptone as carbon source. Amorphous iron(III) oxide present in the medium stimulated the growth of strain SR4T; cell numbers increased with the concomitant accumulation of Fe(II). In the presence of Fe(III), strain SR4T grew on H2/CO2 and utilized molecular hydrogen. Strain SR4T reduced 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and MnO2. Strain SR4T did not reduce nitrate or sulfate and was not capable of growth with O2. The fermentation products from glucose were ethanol, lactate, H2 and CO2. The G + C content of DNA was 32 mol%. 16S rDNA sequence analysis placed the organism in the genus Thermoanaerobacter. On the basis of physiological properties and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that strain SR4T (= DSM 12299T) should be assigned to a new species, Thermoanaerobacter siderophilus sp. nov.
Rehabilitation (2012)

This chapter outlines the principles and process or rehabilitation for elderly people. It discusses the need for an inter-disciplinary team approach, comprehensive assessment, goal setting and program evaluation. It also discusses some of the major rehabilitation challenges faced by elderly people with chronic cardiac, respiratory and musculo-skeletal and neurological disorders and for those following a lower limb amputation.
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations of A High Affinity and Specificity Photoacoustic Nanoparticle Targeting to Cancer (2018)

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging uses a short-pulsed laser to create ultrasound signals for the high resolution acoustic imaging. The development of targeting PA contrast agents offers a unique opportunity to improve the early detection of cancer cells. This work aims to develop a silica coated iron oxide (SIO) nanoparticle as a potent cancer cell selective PA contrast agent, with a high binding affinity and selectivity to the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) which is overexpressed in many human cancers including prostate cancer, breast cancer and small cell lung cancer etc.
Artificial Intelligence for Diabetes-related Complications: The Eye as a Window to the Systemic Health (2022)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic that is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases and the top cause of blindness in the working population. The eye provides a direct visualization to the body's vasculature and systemic health, allowing it to be a minimally invasive tool to evaluate DM and its micro- and macrovascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy, corneal neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease. With the rapid rate of disease burden, there is an unmet public health need to identify these diseases at an early stage to implement timely management. Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning, has been widely explored for disease segmentation, classification, and prediction. Despite the advances in AI for optimizing the screening and management of DM, future work is warranted to address the issues such as interpretability, cost, and acceptance of AI systems by patients and healthcare workers.
Research about the Removal Effect of the Constructed Wetland System on the Escherichia Coli K12 (2015)

This paper analyzed the related methodsto removethe biological indicatorEscherichia coli K12 (E. coli K12) in the constructed wetland system (CWs), which included filtration and absorption of filling, effect of the plant root system and microorganism phagocytosis and so on. It indicated that E. coli K12 was mainly removed through filtration and absorption of filling, about 80% was removed by this process. Plants and microorganisms alsocontributed to the removal of E. coli K12. The removal load of E. coli K12 increased with the addition ofpollution load. When hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 4d, there was a better linear relation (R 2 = 0.9998) between the removal load of E. coli K12 and pollution load. Meanwhile, it had a close relation between inactivation ratio of E. coli K12 and hydraulic load, the lower hydraulic load was, the higher inactivation ratio was.
Table S2 from The Lipogenic Regulator SREBP2 Induces Transferrin in Circulating Melanoma Cells and Suppresses Ferroptosis (2023)

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High Rate of Fusion in Sheep Cervical Spines Following Anterior Interbody Surgery With Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Implant Devices (2006)

Using both absorbable and nonabsorbable implants, high fusion rates were achieved in the challenging sheep cervical spine model. However, the absorbable cages were not able to withstand the mechanical forces during the 6-month survival period.
Nondestructive Three-Dimensional Observation of the Electrolyte in a Dye-Sensitised Solar Cell Combined with the Local Photocurrent Dynamics (2012)

The three-dimensional (3D) visualisation of the photovoltaic active layer in a dye-sensitised solar cell (DSSC) was newly achieved by employing an optical interference measurement system. The technique was used to measure with high precision the active layer thickness of a complete cell to evaluate the diffusion resistance of the electrode layer made of titania and the electrolyte layer containing tetracyanoborate ionic liquid. Additionally, the visualised image was compared with the local photovoltaic characteristics in a region with diameter 100 µm studied using an AC impedance technique as well as by transient photocurrent and photovoltage decay measurements to elucidate the charge transport properties of the ionic-liquid-based electrolyte.
Intracellular innate immune surveillance devices in plants and animals (2016)

Multicellular eukaryotes coevolve with microbial pathogens, which exert strong selective pressure on the immune systems of their hosts. Plants and animals use intracellular proteins of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) superfamily to detect many types of microbial pathogens. The NLR domain architecture likely evolved independently and convergently in each kingdom, and the molecular mechanisms of pathogen detection by plant and animal NLRs have long been considered to be distinct. However, microbial recognition mechanisms overlap, and it is now possible to discern important key trans-kingdom principles of NLR-dependent immune function. Here, we attempt to articulate these principles. We propose that the NLR architecture has evolved for pathogen-sensing in diverse organisms because of its utility as a tightly folded "hair trigger" device into which a virtually limitless number of microbial detection platforms can be integrated. Recent findings suggest means to rationally design novel recognition capabilities to counter disease.
Dose response effects of 810 nm laser light on mouse primary cortical neurons (2011)

The results suggest that LLLT at lower fluences is capable of inducing mediators of cell signaling processes which in turn may be responsible for the beneficial stimulatory effects of the low level laser. At higher fluences beneficial mediators are reduced and high levels of Janus-type mediators such as ROS and NO (beneficial at low concentrations and harmful at high concentrations) may be responsible for the damaging effects of high-fluence light and the overall biphasic dose response.