gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overcoming delayed in-vitro response to rFVIIa (2011)

In a previous pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study in nonbleeding hemophilia patients, variability in laboratory response to recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) 90 μg/kg was noted, and the patients were described as delayed or rapid laboratory responders based on time to clot formation. The current study determined whether in-vitro experiments could reproduce previous in-vivo findings; whether the delayed laboratory response to rFVIIa 90 μg/kg is improved by spiking with high-dose rFVIIa or rFVIIa analogue (vatreptacog alfa); whether a dose-response is observed with our method. In-vitro experiments were conducted in our previous patient cohort using rFVIIa 1.28 and 3.84 μg/ml and vatreptacog alfa 0.28 and 0.56 μg/ml. Whole blood studies were conducted using the Hemodyne Hemostasis Analysis System (platelet contractile force, clot elastic modulus, force onset time) and rotational thromboelastometry (clotting time, maximum clot firmness). Spiking with rFVIIa 1.28 μg/ml showed the same distribution of delayed and rapid laboratory response as observed previously. Increasing in-vitro rFVIIa concentrations improved the coagulation parameters; however, there remained delayed and rapid responders. Vatreptacog alfa improved the coagulation parameters at all concentrations tested, and the 0.56 μg/ml concentration normalized the force onset time, platelet contractile force, clot elastic modulus and clotting time parameters. A dose-response was observed with both assays. There was good agreement between the laboratory responses obtained after intravenous administration of rFVIIa 90 μg/kg and in-vitro spiking studies. Escalating rFVIIa and vatreptacog alfa concentrations improved coagulation parameters in all patients compared to rFVIIa 1.28 μg/ml. Vatreptacog alfa produced more pronounced coagulation effects at lower concentrations than rFVIIa; and the 0.56 μg/ml concentration completely normalized responses in all patients.
Single-mode GaSb-based laterally coupled distributed-feedback laser for CO2 gas detection (2023)

We report on a GaSb-based laterally coupled distributed feedback (LC-DFB) laser with Cr gratings operating at 2004 nm for CO 2 detection application. Butterfly packaged with single-mode fiber pigtailed, the laser diode operates in the continuous-wave mode in a temperature range from −10 °C to 60 °C, with a maximum output power of 2 mW and a maximum side-mode suppression ratio over 30 dB. Wavelength-modulated absorption spectroscopy of CO 2 demonstrates the applicability of the LC-DFB laser to tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the diode junction temperature, which is measured by using the wavelength shift method, exhibits a maximum value of 17 °C in the single-mode operation range.
A partial agonist of the A1-adenosine receptor selectively slows AV conduction in guinea pig hearts (2001)

The use of full agonists of the A(1)-adenosine receptor (A(1)-ADOR) as antiarrhythmic agents is limited by their actions to cause high-grade atrioventricular (AV) block, profound bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, and vasodilation. It may be possible to avoid these undesired actions by use of partial agonists. We determined the effects of CVT-2759, a potential partial agonist of A(1)-ADORs, on guinea pig hearts. CVT-2759 (0.1-100 microM) increased the S-H interval of the isolated heart from 45 +/- 1 to 60 +/- 3 ms (P < 0. 01) with a half-maximal effect at 3.1 microM. CVT-2759 did not cause second-degree AV block. CVT-2759 significantly attenuated the actions of the full agonists N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine and adenosine. CVT-2759 caused a moderate slowing of atrial rate by </=13% and did not shorten the durations of either the atrial or the ventricular monophasic action potential. Coronary conductance was increased by CVT-2759 only at concentrations >10 microM. In contrast, CVT-2759 was a full agonist to decrease cAMP content of rat adipocytes and Fischer rat thyroid line 5 cells. Results of radioligand binding assays indicated that CVT-2759 stabilized a high-affinity, G protein-coupled state of the A(1)-ADOR in membranes prepared from rat adipocytes but not in membranes prepared from the guinea pig brain. The results suggest that a weak A(1)-ADOR agonist, such as CVT-2759, may be useful to slow AV nodal conduction and thereby ventricular rate without causing AV block, bradycardia, atrial arrhythmias, or vasodilation.
Temperature Effect on Reflected Laser Probing Signal of Multiple Elementary Substructures (2014)

International audience
Integrated and Portable Magnetometer Based on Nitrogen‐Vacancy Ensembles in Diamond (2021)

Abstract Magnetic field sensors that exploit quantum effects have shown that they can outperform classical sensors in terms of sensitivity enabling a range of novel applications in future, such as a brain machine interface. Negatively charged nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as a promising high sensitivity platform for measuring magnetic fields at room temperature. Transferring this technology from laboratory setups into products and applications, the total size of the sensor, the overall power consumption, and the costs need to be reduced and optimized. Here, a fiber‐based NV magnetometer featuring a complete integration of all functional components is demonstrated without using any bulky laboratory equipment. This integrated prototype allows portable measurement of magnetic fields with a sensitivity of 344 pT Hz −1/2 .
A high-speed tunable filter using a concave fiber mirror (2005)

A tunable Fabry-Perot filter using a concave mirror fabricated on the end of a fiber is demonstrated. The concave mirror simplifies angular alignment and reduces vibration sensitivity. A scanning rate of 150 kHz over a FSR of 47 nm with a finesse of 600 was demonstrated.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Combining Oncolytic HSV-1 with Immunogenic Cell Death-Inducing Drug Mitoxantrone Breaks Cancer Immune Tolerance and Improves Therapeutic Efficacy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 332K, Supplementary figure 3. Antigen presenting cells infiltrating treated tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Metamaterial surface antenna technology: Commercialization through diffractive metamaterials and liquid crystal display manufacturing (2016)

For mobile, broadband satellite communications applications such as the connected car, a high-gain, scanning antenna is required. Kymeta <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> is commercializing an electronically scanned, metamaterial antenna technology achieved through the use of diffractive metasurfaces and high-birefringence liquid crystals. Kymeta's technology is positioned for mass production by leveraging the manufacturing capabilities of the liquid crystal display industry.
Midterm to Long-term Followup of Staged Reimplantation for Infected Hip Arthroplasty (2008)

Level IV, case series. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
UNENHANCED HELICAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE FLANK PAIN (1998)

We determined the value of unenhanced helical computerized tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of acute flank pain in 105 patients evaluated for suspected stone disease.Noncontrasted spiral CT was done in 105 consecutive patients seen in our emergency department to evaluate acute flank pain. All CT studies were reviewed for the presence of ureteral or renal calculi, perinephric or periureteral stranding, presence and degree of pelvicalicectasis or other radiological findings. If necessary, an excretory urogram was performed to confirm the presence or absence of urinary stones. Patients were followed to determine clinical outcome including the need for urological intervention.Of the 49 patients determined to have stones 24 (49%) had spontaneous stone passage, 10 (20%) had improved symptoms without documented stone passage and 14 (29%) required surgical intervention. In 29 of 51 patients (57%) with negative CT readings for stone disease a diagnosis was established by other intra-abdominal findings. In 21 patients (41%) no clinical diagnosis could be established, and 1 scan in a patient with a distal ureteral calculus was interpreted as falsely positive. These findings yielded a sensitivity of 98%, specificity 98% and overall accuracy 96% for diagnosing ureteral stones.Despite the limitations of helical CT in evaluating renal function and nonobstructing ureteral calculi, noncontrasted CT is a sensitive imaging modality for the detection of urinary tract calculi and obstruction. The majority of our patients required no further imaging to determine the need for urological intervention. At our institution spiral CT has become the standard method to evaluate patients with acute flank pain leading to more rapid turnover in the emergency department at similar or even reduced cost to conventional excretory urography.
Correction of phase errors in quantitative water–fat imaging using a monopolar time‐interleaved multi‐echo gradient echo sequence (2016)

Complex-based time-interleaved water-fat imaging was found to give accurate and robust PDFF measurements after applying the proposed phase error correction scheme. Magn Reson Med 78:984-996, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Long-Term Stable Lithium Metal Anode in Highly Concentrated Sulfolane-Based Electrolytes with Ultrafine Porous Polyimide Separator (2019)

Highly concentrated solutions composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and sulfolane (SL) are promising liquid electrolytes for lithium metal batteries because of their high anodic stability, low flammability, and high compatibility with lithium metal anodes. However, it is still challenging to obtain the stable lithium metal anodes in the concentrated electrolytes due to their poor wettability to the conventional polyolefin separators. Here, we report that the highly concentrated 1:2.5 LiFSI/SL electrolyte coupled with a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous polyimide (3DOM PI) separator enables the stable lithium plating/stripping cycling with an average Coulombic efficiency of ca. 98% for over 400 cycles at 1.0 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. The 3DOM PI separator shows good electrolyte wettability and large electrolyte uptake due to its high porosity and polar constituent of the imide structure, allowing superior cycling performance in the highly concentrated solution, compared with the polyolefin separators. Electrochemical and spectroscopic analyses reveal that the superior cycling stability in the concentrated electrolyte is attributed to the formation of highly stable and Li<sup>+</sup> ion conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer derived from FSI<sup>-</sup> anions, which reduces the side reactions of SL with lithium metal, prevents the growth of lithium dendrites, and suppresses the increase in cell impedance over long-term cycling. Our findings demonstrate that polar and porous separators could effectively improve the affinity to the concentrated electrolytes and allow the formation of the anion-derived SEI layer by increasing the salt concentration of the electrolytes, achieving the long-term stable lithium metal anode.
Mandrake: multiagent systems as a basis for programming fault-tolerant decentralized applications (2022)

We conceptualize a <i>decentralized</i> software application as one constituted from <i>autonomous</i> agents that communicate via <i>asynchronous</i> messaging. Modern software paradigms such as microservices and settings such as the Internet of Things evidence a growing interest in decentralized applications. Constructing a decentralized application involves designing agents as independent local computations that coordinate successfully to realize the application's requirements. Moreover, a decentralized application is susceptible to faults manifested as message loss, delay, and reordering. We contribute <i>Mandrake</i>, a programming model for decentralized applications that tackles these challenges without relying on infrastructure guarantees. Specifically, we adopt the construct of an <i>information protocol</i> that specifies messaging between agents purely in causal terms and can be correctly enacted by agents in a shared-nothing environment over nothing more than unreliable, unordered transport. Mandrake facilitates (1) implementing protocol-compliant agents by introducing a programming model; (2) transforming protocols into fault-tolerant ones with simple annotations; and (3) a declarative policy language that makes it easy to implement fault-tolerance in agents based on the capabilities in protocols. Mandrake's significance lies in demonstrating a straightforward approach for constructing decentralized applications without relying on coordination mechanisms in the infrastructure, thus achieving some of the goals of the founders of networked computing from the 1970s.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Hemolytic <i>E. coli</i> Promotes Colonic Tumorigenesis in Females (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mild inflammation and polyp-like outgrowths in the colon of AOM-pretreated mice which were fed with J47, J47Î"hly or PBS. (A) Colon length of wild-type BALB/c mice fed with E. coli or PBS. (B) Scores of colonic inflammation of the mice. (C) Representative images of H&amp;E-stained colonic sections illustrating inflammatory cell infiltrates in the mucosa and loss of goblet cells or crypts (indicated by black arrows). (D) Microscopic examination of the H&amp;E-stained colon tissues revealed that macroscopically observed polyps were colorectal lymphoid aggregates. ns, not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;
Receptor-Binding Profiles of H7 Subtype Influenza Viruses in Different Host Species (2012)

Influenza viruses of gallinaceous poultry and wild aquatic birds usually have distinguishable receptor-binding properties. Here we used a panel of synthetic sialylglycopolymers and solid-phase receptor-binding assays to characterize receptor-binding profiles of about 70 H7 influenza viruses isolated from aquatic birds, land-based poultry, and horses in Eurasia and America. Unlike typical duck influenza viruses with non-H7 hemagglutinin (HA), all avian H7 influenza viruses, irrespective of the host species, displayed a poultry-virus-like binding specificity, i.e., preferential binding to sulfated oligosaccharides Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4(6-O-HSO(3))GlcNAc and Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)(6-O-HSO(3))GlcNAc. This phenotype correlated with the unique amino acid sequence of the amino acid 185 to 189 loop of H7 HA and seemed to be dependent on ionic interactions between the sulfate group of the receptor and Lys193 and on the lack of sterical clashes between the fucose residue and Gln222. Many North American and Eurasian H7 influenza viruses displayed weak but detectable binding to the human-type receptor moiety Neu5Acα2-6Galβ1-4GlcNAc, highlighting the potential of H7 influenza viruses for avian-to-human transmission. Equine H7 influenza viruses differed from other viruses by preferential binding to the N-glycolyl form of sialic acid. Our data suggest that the receptor-binding site of contemporary H7 influenza viruses in aquatic and terrestrial birds was formed after the introduction of their common precursor from ducks to a new host, presumably, gallinaceous poultry. The uniformity of the receptor-binding profile of H7 influenza viruses in various wild and domestic birds indicates that there is no strong receptor-mediated host range restriction in birds on viruses with this HA subtype. This notion agrees with repeated interspecies transmission of H7 influenza viruses from aquatic birds to poultry.
Drift diffusion models of perceptual learning indicate long-term improvements in sensitivity and short-term fluctuations in caution. (2022)

Evidence-accumulation models have enabled strong theoretical advances in our understanding of decision-making. Yet most of these models assume stationary performance; when concerned with performance improvements, dynamic versions of these models are critical to inform the mechanisms of learning. This is particularly true because most domains of learning, from low-level perception to more complex skills, involve changes in both choices (e.g., accuracy) and the speed at which those choices can be made (i.e., response time). Evidence-accumulation models provide frameworks for understanding these joint changes. Using data from participants completing a dynamic random dot-motion direction discrimination task over 4 daily sessions for a total of 2800 trials, we characterized alterations in both perceptual sensitivity [drift rate] and response caution [boundary separation] across multiple possible timescales. Nonlinear mixed-effect Bayesian Wiener diffusion models were applied to estimate individuals’ trajectories of performance change in joint RT and accuracy distributions, with different models allowing for various dynamics. For example, the models could be stable across the entirety of the training, changing as a continuous function of trial number, or changing continuously within sessions, but varying across sessions. Model comparisons then used estimates of Bayes Factors as well as approximations to leave-one-out cross-validation. The best-fitting model of perceptual improvements included sensitivity changing as a continuous, exponential function of trial number (i.e., 1 through 2800), but response caution changing continuously within each daily session and in an independent manner across sessions. Such results uncover two different processes producing the full pattern of behavior across the entire trajectory of experience, one involving a continuous tuning of perceptual sensitivity, and another more idiosyncratic process describing how participants convert perceptual evidence into behavioral decisions. Theories of perceptual learning involving multiple timescales of change are thus supported, with distinct processes and outcomes associated with each time scale.
Abstract 1954: Tracking of orally-administered particles within the gastrointestinal tract of murine models using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (2019)

While particle carriers have potential to revolutionize disease treatment, using these carriers requires knowledge of spatial and temporal biodistribution. The goal of this study was to track orally administered particle uptake and trafficking through the murine gastrointestinal (GI) tract using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT).Polylactic acid (PLA) particles encapsulating AlexaFluor 680 (AF680) dye conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were orally gavaged into mice. Particle uptake and trafficking were observed using MSOT imaging with subsequent confirmation of particle uptake via fluorescent microscopy. Mice treated with PLA-AF680-BSA particles exhibited MSOT signal within the small bowel wall at 1 and 6 h, colon wall at 6, 12, and 24 h, and mesenteric lymph node 24 and 48h. Particle localization identified using MSOT correlated with fluorescence microscopy. Despite the potential of GI tract motion artifacts, MSOT allowed for teal-time tracking of particles within the GI tract in a non-invasive and real-time manner.Future use of MSOT in conjunction with particles containing both protein-conjugated fluorophores as well as therapeutic agents could allow for non-invasive, real time tracking of particle uptake and drug delivery.Citation Format: Neal Bhutiani, Abhilash Samykutty, Kelly McMasters, Nejat Egilmez, Lacey R. McNally. Tracking of orally-administered particles within the gastrointestinal tract of murine models using multispectral optoacoustic tomography [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1954.
WorldWide Telescope Ambassadors: A Year 3 Update (2013)

We give a brief overview of some key features of WorldWide Telescope and its Ambassadors Program, and we describe two goals for expanding the program in the coming year: scaling up training efforts; and developing “plug and play” Visualization Lab modules that teach key Earth and Space Science concepts to students while emphasizing important scientific processes and skills. We discuss several different ways that members of the astronomy education and outreach community can incorporate WWT-based materials into their work.
Inorganic write-once disc with quadruple recording layers for Blu-ray Disc system (2003)

The optical disc with larger capacity and higher speed data recording rate will be required in coming broadband network society. We have developed the inorganic write-once disc with quadruple recording layers for the blu-ray system. We obtained the reflectivity of more than 5% and a jitter value of less than 10% for each recording layer. As a result, we proved the possibility of 100 GB user capacity of 120 mm diameter size.
Critical issues in vapor deposition of Cu(InGa)Se/sub 2/ on polymer web: source spitting and back contact cracking (2005)

This paper presents solutions to two critical problems encountered during the physical vapor deposition of Cu(InGa)Se/sub 2/ films on Mo coated polymer web in a roll-to-roll reactor. Spitting out of the Cu source, resulting in Cu-rich particles imbedded in the growing films and causing shorts in the devices, has been eliminated by changing the shape of the effusion nozzles. Sources having conical nozzles eliminated the spitting by reducing the temperature gradient along the nozzle. Heavy cracking of the Mo back contact film during the deposition of the Cu(InGa)Se/sub 2/ films has been found to be related to the reaction of Mo with Se in the reactor. Introducing an appropriate amount of oxygen into the Mo film eliminated the cracking by reducing the reactivity of the film to Se.
Roles of Organic Anion Transporters in the Renal Excretion of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (2008)

Perfluorooctanoic acid, an environmental contaminant, is found in both wild animals and human beings. There are large species and sex differences in the renal excretion of perfluorooctanoic acid. In the present study, we aimed to characterize organic anion transporters 1-3 (OAT1-3) in human beings and rats to investigate whether the species differences in the elimination kinetics of perfluorooctanoic acid from the kidneys can be attributed to differences in the affinities of these transporters for perfluorooctanoic acid. We used human (h) and rat (r) OAT transient expression cell systems and measured the [(14)C] perfluorooctanoic acid transport activities. Both human and rat OAT1 and OAT3 mediated perfluorooctanoic acid transport to similar degrees. Specifically, the kinetic parameters, K(m), were 48.0 +/- 6.4 microM for h OAT1; 51.0 +/- 12.0 microM for rOAT1; 49.1 +/- 21.4 microM for hOAT3 and 80.2 +/- 17.8 microM for rOAT3, respectively. These data indicate that both human and rat OAT1 and OAT3 have high affinities for perfluorooctanoic acid and that the species differences in its renal elimination are not attributable to affinity differences in these OATs between human beings and rats. In contrast, neither hOAT2 nor rOAT2 transported perfluorooctanoic acid. In conclusion, OAT1 and OAT3 mediated perfluorooctanoic acid transport in vitro, suggesting that these transporters also transport perfluorooctanoic acid through the basolateral membrane of proximal tubular cells in vivo in both human beings and rats. Neither human nor rat OAT2 mediated perfluorooctanoic acid transport. Collectively, the difference between the perfluorooctanoic acid half-lives in human beings and rats is not likely to be attributable to differences in the affinities of these transporters for perfluorooctanoic acid.
Supplementary Material from MAPK Pathway Inhibitors Sensitize BRAF-Mutant Melanoma to an Antibody-Drug Conjugate Targeting GPNMB (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Contains supplementary methods, references and figure legends.&lt;/p&gt;
Special Issue: Structure, Function and Evolution of Protein Domains (2022)

Essentially, all proteins perform their biological roles through the use of specific domains that number in the hundreds, if not thousands [...].