gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multispectral UV-Visual Imaging as a Tool for Locating and Assessing Ionizing Radiation in Air (2011)

Ionizing radiation passing through air leads to the ionization of nitrogen in the air; as this nitrogen de-excites it is accompanied with the emission of near-ultraviolet (NUV) light. NUV-sensitive optical imaging may be used to analyze this light to infer the spatial location and distribution of ionizing radiation fields in air. Due to their high linear energy transfer alpha particles are the most readily located and detected using this technique. Overlaying visible light images onto ultraviolet light images of air fluorescence provides a novel, selective method for assessing spatially-inhomogeneous ionizing radiation fields around alpha-emitting sources. The air ionization dose fields near alpha sources are quite high. Near a 0.185 MBq Am-241 source the air dose rate can be as high as 1.57 Gy/hour (157 Rad/hr). Experiments have been performed to evaluate the detection of UV air fluorescence. The range of the high-energy alpha particles from Am-241 is clearly seen with the technique. When evaluating this technique for other radiation fields it may be useful to compare expected dose rates with published alpha ionization field imagery, including a simple measurement described here, for estimating signal strength.
Benarthin: A new inhibitor of pyroglutamyl peptidase. III. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships. (1992)

Benarthin, a new inhibitor of pyroglutamyl peptidase (PG-peptidase), has been isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces xanthophaeus MJ244-SF1. The structure of benarthin has been determined to be L-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)arginyl-L-threonine. This structure was confirmed by the total synthesis of benarthin. Moreover, we synthesized benarthin derivatives to obtain information on the relationship between structure and inhibitory activity. The results indicated that the catechol group of benarthin is the essential moiety for the inhibition of PG-peptidase.
Management of acute variceal bleeding using hemostatic powder (2015)

Hemospray® application was safe and effective at short-term follow-up for emergency treatment of AVB in cirrhotic patients.
Highly bioavailable Berberine formulation improves Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated Insulin Resistance via reduction in association of the Glucocorticoid Receptor with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (2020)

Excess glucocorticoid (GC) production is known to induce obesity and insulin resistance through increased activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The molecular mechanism for the non-genomic effects of excessive circulating GC on the insulin-signalling pathway in skeletal muscle is unknown. The plant alkaloid berberine has been shown to attenuate insulin resistance and inhibit gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetic animals. A highly bioavailable berberine formulation termed Huang-Gui solid dispersion (HGSD), is a preparation of berberine coupled to sodium caprate and this markedly improving berberines bioavailability. Here we examined how HGSD treatment attenuated GR-mediated alteration in PI3K signalling and insulin resistance in diabetic rats, dexamethasone-treated mice and in insulin resistant C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Blood glucose and skeletal muscle GC levels were increased and insulin signalling impaired in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats compared to controls. Treatment of these animals with HGSD restored blood glucose and skeletal muscle GC levels to that of controls. Insulin resistant C2C12 skeletal muscle cells exhibited impaired insulin signalling compared to controls and treatment of HGSD and RU486, an antagonist of GR, restored insulin signalling to that of control cells. Administration of dexamethasone to mice increased GR/GRα-associated PI3K and reduced IRS1-associated PI3K, phosphorylated-AKT, and membrane GLUT4 translocation resulting in a higher blood glucose concentration compared to controls. HGSD treatment of these mice improved insulin resistance by reducing the association of GR/GRα with PI3K. Excess GC-induced insulin resistance is mediated by increased association of GR with PI3K and treatment with HGSD attenuates these effects. We hypothesize that HGSD may be a promising candidate drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by reducing the association of GR with PI3K in skeletal muscle.
Management of Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer. Part I: Intermediate-/High-risk and Locally Advanced Disease, Biochemical Relapse, and Side Effects of Hormonal Treatment: Report of the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2022 (2022)

The Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) provides a forum to discuss and debate current diagnostic and treatment options for patients with advanced prostate cancer. The conference aims to share the knowledge of international experts in prostate cancer with health care providers and patients worldwide. At each APCCC, a panel of physician experts vote in response to multiple-choice questions about their clinical opinions and approaches to managing advanced prostate cancer. This report presents voting results for the subset of questions pertaining to intermediate- and high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer, biochemical relapse after definitive treatment, advanced (next-generation) imaging, and management of side effects caused by hormonal therapies. The results provide a practical guide to help clinicians and patients discuss treatment options as part of shared multidisciplinary decision-making. The findings may be especially useful when there is little or no high-level evidence to guide treatment decisions.
University Boards as Public Decision-Makers: Clarifying Representative Governance, Obligations, and Enforcement (2019)

This article challenges the view that university governance at the board level may be understood through the legal principles that apply to business corporations, the governance of which is dominated by shareholders alone. Conversely, most Canadian universities are legally required to follow a stakeholder governance model, in which various constituencies are entitled to representation on the board. The author argues that the boards of most Canadian universities are public decision-makers because they oversee institutions that governments consider to be public and task with policy objectives. Canadian universities also have privileges and links to government that business corporations rarely have, and their boards routinely make policy decisions and exercise quasi-judicial power based on statutory authority. When universities are viewed as public institutions, it becomes clear that board members are permitted to advance that which their constituents believe to be in the best interests of the institution. At the same time, this public law analysis recognizes that representative governance cannot be used to harm the university. The author identifies five obligations of board members and demonstrates that these obligations are legally enforceable by a potentially wide array of parties.
Issues of Processing and Multiple Testing of SELDI-TOF MS Proteomic Data (2006)

A new data filtering method for SELDI-TOF MS proteomic spectra data is described. We examined technical repeats (2 per subject) of intensity versus m/z (mass/charge) of bone marrow cell lysate for two groups of childhood leukemia patients: acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). As others have noted, the type of data processing as well as experimental variability can have a disproportionate impact on the list of "interesting'' proteins (see Baggerly et al. (2004)). We propose a list of processing and multiple testing techniques to correct for 1) background drift; 2) filtering using smooth regression and cross-validated bandwidth selection; 3) peak finding; and 4) methods to correct for multiple testing (van der Laan et al. (2005)). The result is a list of proteins (indexed by m/z) where average expression is significantly different among disease (or treatment, etc.) groups. The procedures are intended to provide a sensible and statistically driven algorithm, which we argue provides a list of proteins that have a significant difference in expression. Given no sources of unmeasured bias (such as confounding of experimental conditions with disease status), proteins found to be statistically significant using this technique have a low probability of being false positives.
Design and Analysis of a Visible-Light-Communication Enhanced WiFi System (2015)

Visible light communication (VLC) has wide unlicensed bandwidth, enables communication in radio-frequency-sensitive environments, realizes energy-efficient data transmission, and has the potential to boost the capacity of wireless access networks through spatial reuse. On the other hand, WiFi provides more coverage than VLC and does not suffer from the likelihood of blockage due to the line-of-sight requirement of VLC. In order to take the advantages of both WiFi and VLC, we propose and implement two heterogeneous systems with Internet access. One is the hybrid WiFi&#x2013;VLC system, utilizing a unidirectional VLC channel as the downlink and reserving the WiFi backchannel as the uplink. The asymmetric solution resolves the optical uplink challenges and benefits from the full-duplex communication based on VLC. To further enhance the robustness and increase throughput, the other system is presented, in which we aggregate WiFi and VLC in parallel by leveraging the bonding technique in the Linux operating system. We also theoretically prove the superiority of the aggregated system in terms of average system delay. Online experiment results reveal that the hybrid system outperforms the conventional WiFi for crowded environments in terms of throughput and Web page loading time, and also demonstrate the further improved performance of the aggregated system when considering the blocking duration and the distance between the access point and the user device.
A Laparoscopic Approach to Posterior Gastric Wall Leiomyomectomy (1998)

Leiomyomas represent 2% of gastric tumors. Commonly, gastric leiomyomas are clinically silent. Most often they become clinically apparent due to bleeding from ulceration of the overlying gastric mucosa. Surgical extirpation of the tumor is the standard treatment. Gastric leiomyomectomy was done routinely through open laparotomy until availability of laparoscopic equipment and techniques. Recently, there have been a few published reports regarding laparoscopic or laparoscopic-assisted removal of smooth muscle gastric tumors. There is little data, however, describing or discussing a laparoscopic approach to gastric leiomyomas located on the posterior gastric wall. We describe two different laparoscopic approaches to posterior wall gastric leiomyomas that we used in two patients. The postoperative recovery of both patients was remarkably quick and uneventful.
A Time Misalignment Tolerant 2D-Memory Polynomials Predistorter for Concurrent Dual-Band Power Amplifiers (2013)

This letter proposes a modified 2-D memory polynomial predistorter for concurrent dual band power amplifiers, which is tolerant to the time misalignment between the two bands. The new model is derived from the prior 2-D DPD model by substituting the interpolation expression into it. For performance validation, the proposed method is applied to a dual-band transmitter. In the presence of 4.87 samples time-misalignment existing between the two input signals, the proposed method achieves normalized mean square error of -40 dB and adjacent channel power ratio improvement of about 15 dB in the dual bands. Further experiment shows the proposed 2-D predistorter outperforms 2D-GMP in terms of complexity and signal quality.
A microfluidic chip enables fast analysis of water microplastics by optical spectroscopy (2021)

Microplastics contaminating drinking water is a growing issue that has been the focus of a few recent studies, where a major bottleneck is the time-consuming analysis. In this work, a micro-optofluidic platform is proposed for fast quantification of microplastic particles, the identification of their chemical nature and size, especially in the 1-100 µm size range. Micro-reservoirs ahead of micro-filters are designed to accumulate all trapped solid particles in an ultra-compact area, which enables fast imaging and optical spectroscopy to determine the plastic nature and type. Furthermore, passive size sorting is implemented for splitting the particles according to their size range in different reservoirs. Besides, flow cytometry is used as a reference method for retrieving the size distribution of samples, where chemical nature information is lost. The proof of concept of the micro-optofluidic platform is validated using model samples where standard plastic particles of different size and chemical nature are mixed.
MP100-03 MULTI-POINT THERMAL SENSING NEEDLES: IMPROVED ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING CRYOABLATION (2017)

Rats were survived for 7 (n5), 14 (n5) or 56 (n5) days. At euthanasia, necropsy was performed to assess for collateral damage and both kidneys underwent gross and histologic assessment.
Novel ruthenium dihydrogen complexes and their application in catalysis (2007)

Tese arquivada ao abrigo da portaria nº 227/2017 de 25 julho.
High Temperature Oxidation of Single Carbon Nanoparticles: Dependence on Surface Structure, and Probing Real-Time Structural Evolution via Kinetics. (2022)

O2-oxidation and sublimation kinetics for >30 individual nanoparticles (NPs) of five different feedstocks (graphite, graphene oxide, carbon black, diamond, and nano-onion) were measured using single nanoparticle mass spectrometry at temperatures (TNP) in 1100 – 2900 K range. It was found that oxidation, studied in the 1200 to 1600 K range, is highly sensitive to NP sur-face structure, with etching efficiencies (EEO2) varying by up to four orders of magnitude, whereas sublimation rates, significant only for TNP ≥ ~1700 K, varied by only a factor of ~3. Its sensitivity to NP surface structure makes O2 etching a good real-time structure probe, which was used to follow evolution of the NP surface structures over time as they were either etched or an-nealed at high TNP. All types of carbon NPs were found to have initial EEO2 values in the range near 10-3 Da/O2 collision, and all eventually evolved to become essentially inert to O2 (EEO2 < 10-6 Da/O2 collision), however, the dependence of EEO2 on time and mass loss was very different for NPs from different feedstocks. For example, diamond NPs evolved rapidly and monoton-ically toward inertness, and evolution occurred in both oxidizing and inert atmospheres. In contrast, graphite NPs evolved only under oxidizing conditions, and etched with complex time dependence, with multiple waves of fast-but-non-monotonic etching, separated by periods of near-inertness. Possible mechanisms to account for the complex etching behavior are pro-posed.
A manufacturable shallow trench isolation process for sub-0.2 um DRAM technologies (2003)

A highly manufacturable and defect-free shallow trench isolation (STI) process is demonstrated by using 64M DRAM as a sensitive monitor. In the STI flow, a special sequence of extra anneal (1100C) after corner oxidation (i.e., liner oxide) and an RTA (1000C) anneal after HDP CVD oxide deposition can result in a significantly higher yield in 64M DRAM by effectively reducing silicon stress related substrate defects.
Upfront autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus carfilzomib–cyclophosphamide–dexamethasone consolidation with carfilzomib maintenance in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in England and Wales (CARDAMON): a randomised, phase 2, non-inferiority trial (2022)

Cancer Research UK and Amgen.
Improving the Adsorption and Release Capacity of Organic-Functionalized Mesoporous Materials to Drug Molecules with Temperature and Synthetic Methods (2011)

In this report we show that drug incubation temperature, methods used for removing surfactant templates from mesoporous materials and solvents used for placing surface organic functional groups on the materials can improve or affect the adsorption capacity and drug release properties of potentially useful nanoporous silica and organosilica as drug delivery vehicles. This is demonstrated by investigating the adsorption and release properties toward rhodamine 6G (R6G) and an anticancer drug, cisplatin, of various solvent-extracted and calcined mesoporous silicas (MCM-41 and SBA-15), organic-functionalized mesoporous silicas containing terminal organoamine, organothiol and vinyl groups, and bridging organic-functionalized ethane periodic mesoporous organosilica (ethane PMO) under various conditions. Two different solvents, isopropanol and toluene, were used to graft the terminal organic groups from their corresponding organosilanes, producing materials with slightly different adsorption and release properties. The adsorption capacities of the organic-functionalized mesoporous silicas that were prepared from a well solvent-extracted MCM-41 increased significantly as the temperature was raised from room temperature to 50 and 75 °C. Furthermore, samples with a higher percent adsorption of R6G and cisplatin also showed higher overall percent release of the adsorbed R6G or cisplatin molecules in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Interestingly, the ethane PMO also showed significantly higher adsorption capacity for both R6G and cisplatin than the control samples, MCM-41 or SBA-15. Raising the temperature improved the adsorption capacity of ethane PMO, for both R6G and cisplatin. The method used to remove the surfactant templates from the parent mesostructured materials was also found to affect the materials’ adsorption properties.
Adaptive filters for the suppression of tremor (2002)

Intention tremor severely compromises everyday life tasks in patients suffering with multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease. The paper reports the current achievements in the analysis of subjects' movements. The trajectories produced by patients affected by tremor are investigated. Indexing procedures for the evaluation of the tremor which is present in the trajectories are proposed. Such indexes should be sensitive to tremor while they are not to ordinary movements. The properties of the indexes have been verified both with analytical considerations and with numerical tests. An experimental setup has been realized for the analysis of tremor on patients affected by multiple sclerosis tremor. The data collected within this experiment have been compared with expected results. Furthermore the indexing procedure has been applied for the evaluation of a filtering system. The case of handwriting has been chosen as the reference task for the evaluation of achieved results. The results of clinical tests are presented. Finally the applicability of the index-based procedures to the control of filtering systems is discussed. The control architectures in the case of force-feedback less interfaces as well as haptic interfaces are presented and discussed.
Proton transport properties in hybrid membranes investigated by ac-electrogravimetry (2010)

In this paper, a hybrid organic/inorganic membrane, based on poly(VDF-co-HFP) polymer associated to mesostructured modified silica and made through sol–gel techniques, was characterized by using ac-electrogravimetry. In order to perform experiments, a polypyrrole–heteropolyanion doped mediator film was inserted between the working electrode of the microbalance and the hybrid membrane. This mediator film, which is characterized by mixed conducting properties, is necessary to provide proton transfer between the different interfaces and in that way, the proton transport inside the hybrid film which is only an ionic conducting material. Proton transfer and transport was characterized through ac-electrogravimetry and an original theoretical approach was developed for extracting the attractive parameters. The change of the exchanged species concentration and the diffusion coefficient of the protons in the hybrid membrane, were estimated, for the first time, according to the applied potential. These studies pointed out that the low conductivity value in this hybrid membrane is related to i) the low diffusion coefficient of proton (10− 7 cm2 s− 1) in this membrane associated, ii) the low concentration of proton in the membrane (0.4 meq g− 1).
Pre-Antibiotic Treatment Followed by Prolonged Repeated Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Observational Australian Clinical Experience (2022)

Six-month sustained FMT appears to be both safe and effective in the short- and long-term alleviation of IBS associated symptoms as well as improving participant QOL.
Power, Performance, Area and Cost Analysis of Memory-on-Logic Face-to-Face Bonded 3D Processor Designs (2021)

In this paper, we present a power, performance, area and cost (PPAC) analysis for large-scale 3D processor designs based on wafer-to-wafer bonding. From the evaluation of our cost model, we investigate a typically disregarded opportunity in 3D that is area savings due to buffer savings and better routability, offering unexpected cost savings. We explore the viability of this factor with the feedback of a state-of-the-art 3D memory-on-logic implementation flow. We show how this affects the PPAC of full-chip GDS implementations of a large-scale manycore processor design. Experiments show that our memory-on-logic 3D implementation offers 7% silicon area savings, resulting in 53.5% footprint reduction. We also obtain a 40% power-performance-cost improvement compared with 2D counterparts
Measurement of masses in the $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ system by kinematic endpoints in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7\ \mathrm{TeV}$ (2013)

A simultaneous measurement of the top-quark, W-boson, and neutrino masses is reported for tt events selected in the dilepton final state from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb -1 collected by the CMS experiment in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV. The analysis is based on endpoint determinations in kinematic distributions. When the neutrino and W-boson masses are constrained to their world-average values, a top-quark mass value of M t = 173.9 0.9 (stat.) +1.7 -2.1 (syst.) GeV is obtained. When such constraints are not used, the three particle masses are obtained in a simultaneous fit. In this unconstrained mode the study serves as a test of mass determination methods that may be used in beyond standard model physics scenarios where several masses in a decay chain may be unknown and undetected particles lead to underconstrained kinematics.
Surface plasmon coupled chemiluminescence from zinc substrates: Directional chemiluminescence (2009)

In this letter, the observation of surface plasmon coupled directional chemiluminescence (SPCC) from zinc thin films is reported. Fresnel calculations predict that light in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range can induce surface plasmon modes in 30 nm zinc thin films. Free-space emission from blue and green chemiluminescent solutions on zinc thin films was isotropic, and the SPCC emission was highly directional and p-polarized in accordance with the Fresnel calculations. In addition, the decay rates of the free-space and SPCC emission were similar, which suggests that zinc thin films have no catalytic effect on chemiluminescence.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Nutritional and Mineral Content of Milk Formula in the Saudi Arabia Market (2022)

There were significant variations between milk formulas of the same ages. According to age groups, some nutrients were not identical to the reference values for children's food.