gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Throughput Material Characterization using the Virtual Fields Method (2018)

Modeling material and component behavior using finite element analysis (FEA) is critical for modern engineering. One key to a credible model is having an accurate material model, with calibrated model parameters, which describes the constitutive relationship between the deformation and the resulting stress in the material. As such, identifying material model parameters is critical to accurate and predictive FEA. Traditional calibration approaches use only global data (e.g. extensometers and resultant force) and simplified geometries to find the parameters. However, the utilization of rapidly maturing full-field characterization tech- niques (e.g. Digital Image Correlation (DIC)) with inverse techniques (e.g. the Virtual Feilds Method (VFM)) provide a new, novel and improved method for parameter identification. This LDRD tested that idea: in particular, whether more parameters could be identified per test when using full-field data. The research described in this report successfully proves this hypothesis by comparing the VFM results with traditional calibration methods. Important products of the research include: verified VFM codes for identifying model parameters, a new look at parameter covariance in material model parameter estimation, new validation tech- niques to better utilize full-field measurements, and an exploration of optimized specimen design for improved data richness.
Systematic approach for trim test time optimization: Case study on a multi-core RF SOC (2014)

It is well-known that complex SOCs with RF and embedded power management (PM) modules require significant post manufacturing calibration to ensure that the device meets the design specifications. These calibrations are carried out by setting the register bits (which in turn help to finely adjust the parameters of the components inside the module containing these registers), a process commonly termed as trim. Not only must these calibrations precede any other manufacturing test operation, but they also require analog measurements and consume significant ATE resources and hence test time. As a result, it is commonly understood and observed that the calibration trim for such SOCs with embedded RF and PM is often comparable to the SOC test time itself. This paper presents some crucial investigations into one such 45 nm multi-core RF SOC designed at Texas Instruments. Its main contributions are: (i) The various trim operations are analyzed for the incurred test times and incurred ATE resources. (ii) Corresponding to each such operation, trim test time minimization techniques are proposed and experimental data on the accrued benefits is presented. (iii) A comprehensive hardware trim BIST controller is described, which enables trim automation and further optimization in complex SOCs. Together, these investigations provide a recipe for efficiently performing trims in complex mixed-signal SOCs with reduced test times and higher ATE enabled multi-site.
Effect of a small natural dietary compound on lung pathology in airway inflammation (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Bronchodilators and corticosteroids reduce respiratory symptoms and exacerbations in diseases associated with airway inflammation but are ineffective in a subset of patients. There is a need to develop new and safe anti-inflammatories. <b>Aim:</b> To investigate whether a small natural dietary compound (SNDC) can attenuate inflammation in a model of acute lung injury, when delivered directly into the lung. <b>Methods:</b> SNDC was delivered in a model of acute lung injury (ALI) involving an i.n. sensitization with LPS (n=4 mice/group). Each group was subjected to a pulmonary function test (PFT) and immunohistochemistry for pro-inflammatory cytokines. It was hypothesised that the anti-inflammatory role of SNDC was mediated by dendritic cells (DC). To explore this, GMCSF induced Bone Marrow derived Dendritic Cells (BMDCs) were treated with LPS &amp;/or SNDC and the cells analysed by flow cytometry. <b>Results:</b> LPS treatment of mice resulted in increased lung resistance, and this was significantly decreased (p&lt;0.0001) by co-administration with SNDC. In BMDCs, inflammatory activation markers were upregulated by LPS, and co-administering SNDC prevented this activation. <b>Discussion:</b> One of the causes of airway inflammation is exposure to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS-principal component of Gram negative bacteria) which activates the DCs into an inflammatory state. Our result show that airway constriction and distensibility of the lung is normalised with SNDC treatment and suggest this effect may be mediated by DC. <b>Conclusion:</b> SNDCs warrant exploration as potential future anti-inflammatory compounds to treat steroid resistant inflammatory lung diseases.
Radiation Therapy in Patients with Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: A Prospective Survey in Japan (2011)

Patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers (ICPs) or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are increasing in number, and the incidence of treating these patients with radiation therapy also is increasing. Thus, a prospective survey was conducted of patients with these devices receiving radiation therapy. A prospective survey of patients with ICPs or ICDs treated with radiation therapy was conducted on methods of radiation therapy, status of ICP/ICD, and management of patients before, during, and after radiation therapy. After completion of radiation therapy, study participants were registered via mail, fax, or e-mail. Sixty-two patients from 29 institutions were registered from September 2006 to December 2008. Sixty patients had an ICP and 2 had an ICD. The total dose was estimated before radiation therapy by dose-volume histogram in 26 patients (42%) and by measurement of actual doses in 9 (15%). In one patient, the maximum total dose was 2069 cGy; however, in the other patients, the ICP/ICD dose did not exceed 478 cGy. Function of ICPs and ICDs was checked before radiation therapy in 38 patients (61%), after radiation therapy in 32 (52%), and both before and after radiation therapy in 29 (47%). ICP malfunction occurred in a patient with prostate cancer treated by intensity-modulated radiation therapy to the prostate. Even when an ICP or ICD is not within the field of radiation, malfunction of the device may still occur. To minimize the risk to patients, precautions must be taken during the planning and administration of radiation therapy.
Investigating the contribution of hyaluronan to the breast tumour microenvironment using multiparametric MRI and MR elastography (2023)

Hyaluronan (HA) is a key component of the dense extracellular matrix in breast cancer, and its accumulation is associated with poor prognosis and metastasis. Pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PEGPH20) enzymatically degrades HA and can enhance drug delivery and treatment response in preclinical tumour models. Clinical development of stromal-targeted therapies would be accelerated by imaging biomarkers that inform on therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Here, PEGPH20 response was assessed by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in three orthotopic breast tumour models. Treatment of 4T1/HAS3 tumours, the model with the highest HA accumulation, reduced T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and increased the magnetisation transfer ratio, consistent with lower tissue water content and collapse of the extracellular space. The transverse relaxation rate R<sub>2</sub> * increased, consistent with greater erythrocyte accessibility following vascular decompression. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 LM2-4 tumours reduced ADC and dramatically increased tumour viscoelasticity measured by MR elastography. Correlation matrix analyses of data from all models identified ADC as having the strongest correlation with HA accumulation, suggesting that ADC is the most sensitive imaging biomarker of tumour response to PEGPH20.
Magnéli Phase Ti9O17- Catalyst Support Materials for ORR (2020)

The durability of catalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is an important issue that must be addressed before their commercialization since catalyst durability directly reflects the life and cost of fuel cell power-generation systems [1]. Although many factors could play a role in the mechanism of catalyst degradation, the major contributors are believed to be i) dissolution of Pt and re-deposition (Ostwald ripening), ii) coalescence via crystal migration, and iii) detachment of Pt particles from the carbon support [2]. Among these, Pt detachment is strongly affected by the corrosion of the carbon support materials. Conventional carbon blacks, such as Vulcan XC72, are superior catalyst-support materials because of their cost and physicochemical properties. However, carbon is not stable based on thermodynamic considerations under the cathode conditions in a PEMFC: C + 2H 2 O → CO 2 + 4H + + 4e − E 0 = 0.207 V vs. RHE Although this reaction proceeds slowly at potentials &lt;0.8 V in a PEMFC [3], corrosion reactions are significantly accelerated under high potential conditions. Therefore, alternative catalyst-support materials that are highly oxidation-resistant are necessary. In order to improve the stability of the catalyst support, considerable work has been done over the past few decades on non-carbon support materials [4]. In this presentation, we have focused on oxygen-deficient, sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide (Ti n O2 n −1, known as Magnéli phase) as a potential oxidation-resistant cathode catalyst support in PEFCs. This leads to improving specific activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to the formation of Pt–Ti alloy particles on the TiO x support, as well as the improve dispersion of Pt due to the deposition of smaller catalyst particles. The Magnéli phase Ti 9 O 17 is synthesized and characterized (Fig. 1) by XRD. The Pt/Ti 9 O 17 will be synthesized, and the ORR activity and stability will be investigated. A comparative study will be performed to those of a conventional Pt/C catalyst. References: Chem. Rev., 107, 3904 (2007) Top. Catal., 46, 285(2007) ECS Trans., 1 (8) , 3 (2006) J. Mater. Chem., 19 , 46 (2009) Figure 1
Texting while walking (2014)

Interacting with mobile technology while in-motion has become a daily activity for many of us. Common sense leads one to believe that texting with a mini-qwerty keyboard while mobile can be dangerous since users are distracted and not paying attention to the environment. Previous studies have found that mobility negatively impacts text entry performance for novice participants typing on virtual keyboards on touch screen mobile phones. We investigate the impact of mobility on expert users' ability to quickly and accurately input text on mobile phones equipped with fixed-key mini-qwerty keyboards. In total, 36 participants completed 600 minutes of typing on mini-qwerty keyboards (300 minutes training up to expertise) in three mobility conditions (seated, standing, and walking) generating almost 4,000,000 characters across all conditions. Surprisingly, we found that walking has a significant impact on expert typing speeds but does not significantly impact expert accuracy rates.
A Naturally Occurring Lgr4 Splice Variant Encodes a Soluble Antagonist Useful for Demonstrating the Gonadal Roles of Lgr4 in Mammals (2014)

Leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) promotes the Wnt signaling through interaction with R-spondins or norrin. Using PCR amplification from rat ovarian cDNAs, we identified a naturally occurring Lgr4 splice variant encoding only the ectodomain of Lgr4, which was named Lgr4-ED. Lgr4-ED can be detected as a secreted protein in the extracts from rodent and bovine postnatal gonads, suggesting conservation of Lgr4-ED in mammals. Recombinant Lgr4-ED purified from the conditioned media of transfected 293T cells was found to dose-dependently inhibit the LGR4-mediated Wnt signaling induced by RSPO2 or norrin, suggesting that it is capable of ligand absorption and could have a potential role as an antagonist. Intraperitoneal injection of purified recombinant Lgr4-ED into newborn mice was found to significantly decrease the testicular expression of estrogen receptor alpha and aquaporin 1, which is similar to the phenotype found in Lgr4-null mice. Administration of recombinant Lgr4-ED to superovulated female rats can also decrease the expression of estrogen receptor alpha, aquaporin 1, LH receptor and other key steroidogenic genes as well as bring about the suppression of progesterone production. Thus, these findings suggest that endogenously expressed Lgr4-ED may act as an antagonist molecule and help to fine-tune the R-spondin/norrin-mediated Lgr4-Wnt signaling during gonadal development.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrosilation/Hydrogen‐Transfer Cascade Reaction: A New Route to Silyl Enol Ethers (2013)

Capitalizing on cobalt: A new route to silyl enol ethers employing a Co-catalyzed cascade reaction featuring a tandem hydrosilation/hydrogen-transfer reaction is reported. The low catalyst loading, mild reaction conditions, and unique η(2)-silane resting state showcase the impressive utility of this seldom used transition-metal catalyst in C-H activation reactions (see scheme; VTMS = vinyltrimethylsilane; Cp* = 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene).
Measurement of keyhole effect in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel (2003)

It has been predicted theoretically that for some environments, the capacity of wireless multiple-input multiple-output systems can become very low even for uncorrelated signals; this effect has been termed "keyhole" or "pinhole." In this letter, we present the (to our knowledge) first measurement of this effect. The measurements are done in a controlled indoor environment, with transmitter and receiver in two adjacent rooms. One of the rooms is shielded, and propagation to the other room can occur only through a hole or a waveguide in the wall. We find that only the waveguide leads to an unambiguous keyhole, while a hole of the same size still allows multimodal propagation. Measurement of amplitude statistics also confirm theoretical predictions.
Serum and Synovial Fluid Analysis for Diagnosing Chronic Periprosthetic Infection in Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis (2012)

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, and synovial fluid white blood-cell count with differential are useful for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection in patients with inflammatory as well as noninflammatory arthritis, with similar optimal cutoff values and overall testing performance. The synovial fluid white blood-cell count and differential performed the best for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. Physicians evaluating patients with a failed or painful total hip or knee arthroplasty should not assume that elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, and synovial fluid white blood-cell count with differential is secondary to inflammatory arthropathy; rather, elevation of these markers may indicate periprosthetic joint infection, and further evaluation for infection is warranted.
An experimental hyper-bridge chip for a multimedia-data encoding system (2003)

An experimental hyper-bridge chip is developed for the efficient data transfer for multimedia-data encoding system. The chip utilizes new technologies such as a multi-DMAC data transfer with dual bus, a seamless bus driving, and an access unit block-transfer. The chip with six I/O ports is designed and fabricated in a 0.35-um CMOS technology.
Quantitative oscillator analysis of IR‐optical spectra on spin‐cast chitosan films (2005)

Infrared optical properties of spin‐cast chitosan films have been determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Infrared index of refraction and extinction coefficients from 750 cm –1 to 4000 cm –1 were determined using ellipsometric data fits to dispersion models based on Gaussian shaped oscillators. The free electron contribution was analyzed using a Drude model. This modeling determined that optical anisotropy was present over the entire infrared region. Line shape and oscillator strength analysis was performed to determine oscillator strengths, abundance, and relative bond strength.
miR-152 Is a Tumor Suppressor microRNA That Is Silenced by DNA Hypermethylation in Endometrial Cancer (2011)

Abstract The etiology and development of human cancers that remain little understood might be enlightened by defining tumor suppressor microRNAs (TS-miRNA). In this study, we identified TS-miRNAs silenced by aberrant DNA hypermethylation in endometrial cancer. Functional screening of 327 synthetic miRNAs in an endometrial cancer cell proliferation assay identified 103 miRNAs that inhibited cell growth. We then determined the sequence, DNA methylation status, and expression levels of these miRNAs in endometrial cancer cell lines and primary tumors. These determinations led to the identification of miR-152 as a candidate TS-miRNA gene in endometrial cancer. Epigenetic silencing documented in miR-152 was consistent with its location at 17q21.32 in intron 1 of the COPZ2 gene, which is also silenced often in endometrial cancer by DNA hypermethylation, and also with evidence that miR-152 targets the DNA methyltransferase DNMT1. Notably, restoration of miR-152 expression in endometrial cancer cell lines was sufficient to inhibit tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We identified E2F3, MET, and Rictor as novel candidate targets of miR-152, suggesting how its epigenetic silencing can drive endometrial carcinogenesis. Our findings define a central role for miR-152 in endometrial cancer, and they also suggest its use in new therapeutic strategies to treat this cancer. Cancer Res; 71(20); 6450–62. ©2011 AACR.
Study of LWR reduction and pattern collapse suppression for 16nm node EUV resists (2013)

EUV lithography is the most promising future technology for manufacturing devices at and below 16-nm half-pitch node. However, line width roughness (LWR) and pattern collapse are major concerns in device manufacture. In this study, the ability of surfactant rinses to reduce LWR and suppress pattern collapse was investigated. Certain surfactant rinses achieved both. We analyzed the critical dimension (CD) variation of resist patterns during surfactant rinse by highspeed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). No significant swelling was observed during the rinse process. We also evaluated a smoothing process subsequent to rinsing; namely, the highly controllable post-bake process. Surfactant rinse followed by post-bake process further reduced LWR.
Conductive 2D metal-organic framework for high-performance cathodes in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries (2019)

Currently, there is considerable interest in developing advanced rechargeable batteries that boast efficient distribution of electricity and economic feasibility for use in large-scale energy storage systems. Rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries in terms of rate performance, cost, and safety. In this investigation, we employ Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub>, a two-dimensional (2D) conductive metal-organic framework (MOF) with large one-dimensional channels, as a zinc battery cathode. Owing to its unique structure, hydrated Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions which are inserted directly into the host structure, Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub>, allow high diffusion rate and low interfacial resistance which enable the Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> cathode to follow the intercalation pseudocapacitance mechanism. Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> exhibits a high reversible capacity of 228 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 50 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. At a high current density of 4000 mA g<sup>-1</sup> (~18 C), 75.0% of the initial capacity is maintained after 500 cycles. These results provide key insights into high-performance, 2D conductive MOF designs for battery electrodes.
Low contention and high resilience to partial failure for colorless and directionless OXC (2012)

In the frame of 4 and 8-degree wavelength routing cross-connects, we examine the design of modular, colorless, and directionless add/drop blocks enabling internal blocking ratio smaller than 1% even in case of partial failure.
Non-Linear Stacking Effects in Microfluidic Temperature Gradient Focusing (2005)

Temperature gradient focusing (TGF) is a promising type of field gradient focusing that simultaneously concentrates and separates charged species according to their electrophoretic mobilities. TGF focuses samples by balancing local electrophoretic and advective fluxes for each analyte species. The technique utilizes buffers whose ionic strength vary with temperature to induce conductivity gradients appropriate for this electrophoretic focusing. In most cases, the contribution of the focused species to the ionic strength is negligible, and linear focusing is observed. In this work, we investigate experimentally non-linear stacking effects that occur when the conductivity of the stacked sample approaches that of the background buffer.
Optical Measurement Of Built-In And Applied Electric Fields In Al x Ga 1-x As/GaAs Heterostructures (1988)

Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) is used to study the built-in electric fields in AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterostructures. VASE data, obtained with no electrical contacts on the sample, contain Franz-Keldysh (FK) lineshapes at the AlGaAs bandgap energy, which are due to the built-in field across the buried AlGaAs layer. Analysis of the lineshapes, using the FK theory together with a multilayer model, yields the approximate field profile in the layer. This, combined with a numerical solution of Poisson&apos;s equation, provides the approximate doping concentration. In addition, measurements made on samples with electrical contacts are described.
Dual-Wideband Patch-Slot Loop Textile Antenna for WBAN/WiFi/LTE Applications (2019)

This work presents a textile antenna with dual- wideband performance for wearable wireless communications. The patch-slot loop structure was developed to obtain two wide operating bands, in which a slot loop was cut on the ground plane underneath the patch. The top patch acts as a wideband radiating element at the upper operating band, while the slot loop is fed by the top patch to excite a wideband resonance at the lower operating band. A copper-plated polyester fabric was used for fabricating antenna radiator and ground plane. An insulating neoprene fabric with a permittivity of 1.5 was used for preparing the substrates. The proposed antenna can achieve gains of 4.21/6.45 dBi at 2.58/5.34 GHz with wide bandwidths of 15.9/11.4 %, respectively.
Progression of Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: The Importance of Pneumoproteins Krebs von den Lungen 6 and CCL18 (2019)

In a rigorously conducted clinical trial for SSc-related ILD, KL-6 and CCL18 levels correlated with ILD severity and declined with immunosuppression. Patients with higher baseline KL-6 and CCL18 levels were more likely to experience disease progression despite treatment. KL-6 and CCL18 levels could be used to identify patients with a progressive ILD phenotype who may benefit from a more aggressive initial treatment approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and SAR of 4‐Aryl‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐oxobut‐2‐enoic Acids and Esters and 2‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐4‐oxobut‐2‐enoic Acids and Esters: Potent Inhibitors of Kynurenine‐3‐hydroxylase as Potential Neuroprotective Agents. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.