gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of compounds from the plant species Alepidea amatymbica active against HIV (2013)

As Alepidea amatymbica is commonly used and accepted as medicinal plant in South Africa for various indications, the scientific basis of its anecdotally described, putative anti-HIV properties was investigated. To this aim, we used an accelerated extraction–purification approach; extracts and therein sub-fractions of A. amatymbica were assessed in a cell-based assay targeting the replication of prototypic CXCR4-tropic (NL4-3) or CCR5-tropic (NL-AD87) HIV-1 strains. Sub-fractions of the extracts were generated through semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractionation into triplicates of 96-well microtitre plates; they were then separately subjected to biological analysis and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) time-of-flight (TOF) analysis. A correlation plot was generated between the biological and chemical data to identify the biologically active compounds in those fractions that showed significant selective anti-HIV activity. The results indicated that rosmarinic acid was present in the wells that showed promising anti-HIV activity in vitro indicating that this compound is at least in part responsible for the antiviral properties of the A. amatymbica extracts. However, compared to standard retroviral inhibitor the anti-HIV activity of the pure compound was found to be only quite moderate. Nevertheless, the accelerated approach described herein increases the efficiency of screens towards identifying drug candidates much earlier in the discovery stage.
Identification of ubiquitination sites on the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (2003)

The execution phase of apoptosis is under the control of members of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of zinc finger proteins. Several of these proteins contain a C-terminal RING (really interesting new gene) domain that has been postulated to regulate ubiquitination of themselves or their target proteins, thereby modulating thresholds for apoptosis. We demonstrate that the auto-ubiquitination sites of the X-linked IAP (XIAP) are Lys(322) and Lys(328), located in the third baculovirus IAP repeat domain of the protein. Modification of these sites to arginine dramatically reduces ubiquitination of XIAP, but has no measurable effect on the ability of ectopically expressed IAP to rescue cells from two independent apoptotic inducers. Our data firmly locate the auto-ubiquitination sites, and raise doubts regarding the importance of this event as a mechanism for regulating the levels of XIAP.
Revisiting Supertagging and Parsing: How to Use Supertags in Transition-Based Parsing (2016)

International audience
Polarization of hippocampal neurons with competitive surface stimuli: contact guidance cues are preferred over chemical ligands (2006)

Neuronal behaviour is profoundly influenced by extracellular stimuli in many developmental and regeneration processes. Understanding neuron responses and integration of environmental signals could impact the design of successful therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and nerve injuries. Here, we have investigated the influence of localized extracellular cues on polarization (i.e. axon formation) of hippocampal neurons. Electron-beam lithography, microfabrication techniques and protein immobilization were used to create a unique system that provided simultaneous and independent chemical and physical cues to individual neurons. In particular, we analysed competitive responses between simultaneous stimulation with chemical ligands, including immobilized nerve growth factor and laminin, and contact guidance cues mediated by surface topography (i.e. microchannels). Contact guidance cues were preferred 70% of the time over chemical ligands by neurons extending axons, which suggests a stronger stimulation mechanism triggered by topography. This investigation contributes to the understanding of neuronal behaviour on artificial substrates, which is applicable to the creation of artificial environments for neural engineering applications.
Structure, receptor recognition and antigenicity of the human coronavirus CCoV-HuPn-2018 spike glycoprotein (2021)

The recent isolation of CCoV-HuPn-2018 from a child respiratory swab indicates that more coronaviruses are spilling over to humans than previously appreciated. Here, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures of the CCoV-HuPn-2018 spike glycoprotein trimer in two distinct conformational states and identified that it binds canine, feline and porcine aminopeptidase N (APN encoded by ANPEP ) orthologs which serve as entry receptors. Introduction of an oligosaccharide at position N739 of human APN renders cells susceptible to CCoV-HuPn-2018 spike-mediated entry, suggesting that single nucleotide polymorphisms could account for the detection of this virus in some individuals. Human polyclonal plasma antibodies elicited by HCoV-229E infection and a porcine coronavirus monoclonal antibody inhibit CCoV-HuPn-2018 S-mediated entry, indicating elicitation of cross-neutralizing activity among α-coronaviruses. These data provide a blueprint of the CCoV-HuPn-2018 infection machinery, unveil the viral entry receptor and pave the way for vaccine and therapeutic development targeting this zoonotic pathogen.
DC magnetron sputtered vanadia catalysts for oxidation processes (2004)

To deposit highly adhesive thin films, DC magnetron sputtering method was chosen and two series of supported vanadia catalysts were prepared, i.e., direct deposition of vanadia onto a ZrO2/SiO2 carrier; b) deposition of vanadia onto a TiO2 layer that was sputtered first onto carrier. A kinetic model for the reduction/reoxidation of the catalysts was proposed and kinetic parameters were estimated by regression of single-pulse responses obtained in a Temporal Analysis of Products setup. The catalytic performances for the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane were studied. Preparation conditions, e.g., intermediate heating between two depositions, final heating after vanadia deposition, temperature of the final heating, and deposition time of the vanadia layer strongly influenced the physical properties of these catalysts, which, in turn had a strong influence on their chemical behavior. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 228th ACS National Meeting (Philadelphia, PA 8/22-26/2004).
Analysis of IGBT power cycling capabilities used in Doubly Fed Induction Generator wind power system (2010)

The Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is one of the most popular topologies applied in wind power systems. Its main advantage is to adjust the speed of a large system with much lower power converters. This is because its rotor side converter (RSC) operates under slip frequency and it needs only to support slip power to the overall system. However, this slip frequency is much lower than the grid frequency and IGBTs in the RSC are susceptible to power cycling failures. This paper provides a method to analyze the power cycle capability of a DFIG power converter under wind power applications. Different current control methods, including minimal stator losses, minimal rotor losses and minimal overall losses, are analyzed and compared. It is verified that the sizes of the IGBT must be selected appropriately to avoid earlier power cycling failures. Designing a wind power converter into the targeted system is critical for cost reduction without sacrificing the reliability of the whole system.
N-isopropyl-p[123I]iodoamphetamine, a new agent for lung imaging studies. (1986)

N-isopropyl-p[123I]iodoamphetamine, originally designed for brain scintigraphy, has been found to be retained by the normal lung and to produce excellent camera images. Ten patients with gross abnormalities on their chest radiographs due to lung cancer have been studied with this drug. The diseased parts of the lung consistently showed less uptake and these defects matched those obtained with microspheres labelled with technetium-99m, indicating that 123I-iodoamphetamine has the characteristics of a perfusion tracer. In five out of the 10 patients studied sequential studies showed that improved iodoamphetamine uptake was encountered shortly after a favourable response to radiotherapy and reduced uptake was seen in congruence with the radiation field at a later stage. This first clinical demonstration indicates that the retention of 123I-iodoamphetamine could be a sensitive marker for pulmonary vascular integrity and a useful new tool to identify the extent of disease where the pulmonary circulation is the initial site of the disorder.
Pharmacodynamic assessment of mycophenolic acid-induced immunosuppression by measuring IMP dehydrogenase activity (1995)

Pharmacodynamic monitoring of the biological effect of immunosuppressive drugs provides an alternative to traditional therapeutic drug monitoring. We chose this method to investigate mycophenolic acid (MPA), an immunosuppressive drug that mediates its effect by inhibition of IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key enzyme in the de novo biosynthesis of purines. Using an assay developed for measuring IMPDH activity in whole blood, we found the concentration of MPA required for 50% inhibition of enzyme activity to be in the range of 2.0-5.0 mg/L for both human and rabbit blood. The amount of enzyme activity in whole blood depended on the concentration of the leukocytes, was unaffected by the type of anticoagulant used, and was stable in blood specimens stored for as long as 48 h at 4 degrees C. An inverse relationship was found between plasma MPA concentrations and IMPDH activity in rabbits administered a single dose of RS-61443, the prodrug of MPA. Maximal inhibition of IMPDH activity (by approximately 60%) occurs at peak concentrations of MPA; as the concentration of the drug decreases postdose, the enzyme activity gradually increases with little or no inhibition being observed 24 h postdose.
Enhancing SIP with spatial location for emergency call services (2002)

This paper introduces an approach for providing spatial location (SLO) information as payload of the session initiation protocol (SIP). The aim of the paper is to set up the framework for providing emergency call services in devices connected to wired and wireless IP networks. This document analyses the relationship among the network elements involved in the architecture, and its functionality for providing emergency call services using SIP. In conclusion, this proposal enhances SIP to track down an emergency call, and additionally enables SIP to support some other location-related services such as messaging, and location-based commerce.
Defects Formation and Amorphization of Zn-MOF-74 Crystals by Post-Synthetic Interactions with Bidentate Adsorbates (2020)

The controlled introduction of defects into MOFs is a powerful strategy to induce new physiochemical properties and improve their performance for target applications. Herein, we present a new strategy for defect formation and amorphization.&lt;br&gt;
Current Status and Future Opportunities in Lung Precision Medicine Research with a Focus on Biomarkers. An American Thoracic Society/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Research Statement (2018)

Although progress has been made toward implementation of precision medicine for lung diseases in clinical practice in certain settings, additional studies focused on addressing specific unmet clinical needs are required to evaluate the clinical utility of biomarkers; ensure their generalizability to diverse, real-life populations; and determine their cost-effectiveness.
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus laccases: an interesting tool for food or non-food applications. (2003)

The effects of the addition of ferulic acid and ethanol in P. cinnabarinus ss3 culture medium in fermentor were compared in 15-L fermentor. In the presence of 30 g l(-1) ethanol, laccase activity (270,000 U/L1) was 3-fold higher as compared with ferulic acid-induced cultures, and 150-fold higher as compared with non-induced cultures, respectively. High-quality flax pulp was bleached in a totally-chlorine free (TCF) sequence using a laccase-mediator system constituted by laccase from Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) as mediator. Up to 90% delignification and strong brightness increase were attained after the laccase-mediator treatment followed by H2O2 bleaching. This TCF sequence was further improved by applying H2O2 under pressurized O2. In this way, up to 82% ISO brightness was obtained (compared with 37% in the initial pulp and 60% in the peroxide-bleached control) as well as very low kappa number. A positive evaluation of the laccase has been also performed in a food application. The colour of a tea-based beverage was significantly improved by incubating an infusion of green tea with the Pycnoporus laccase.
IFN-β Gene Deletion Leads to Augmented and Chronic Demyelinating Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2003)

Since the basic mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of IFN-beta in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are still obscure, here we have investigated the effects of IFN-beta gene disruption on the commonly used animal model for MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We show that IFN-beta knockout (KO) mice are more susceptible to EAE than their wild-type (wt) littermates; they develop more severe and chronic neurological symptoms with more extensive CNS inflammation and demyelination. However, there was no discrepancy observed between wt and KO mice regarding the capacity of T cells to proliferate or produce IFN-gamma in response to recall Ag. Consequently, we addressed the effect of IFN-beta on encephalitogenic T cell development and the disease initiation phase by passive transfer of autoreactive T cells from KO or wt littermates to both groups of mice. Interestingly, IFN-beta KO mice acquired a higher incidence and augmented EAE regardless of the source of T cells. This shows that the anti-inflammatory effect of endogenous IFN-beta is predominantly exerted on the effector phase of the disease. Histopathological investigations of CNS in the effector phase revealed an extensive microglia activation and TNF-alpha production in IFN-beta KO mice; this was virtually absent in wt littermates. This coincided with an increase in effector functions of T cells in IFN-beta KO mice, as measured by IFN-gamma and IL-4 production. We suggest that lack of endogenous IFN-beta in CNS leads to augmented microglia activation, resulting in a sustained inflammation, cytokine production, and tissue damage with consequent chronic neurological deficits.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Preclinical Activity of the Type II CD20 Antibody GA101 (Obinutuzumab) Compared with Rituximab and Ofatumumab <i>In Vitro</i> and in Xenograft Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 43K&lt;/p&gt;
Tumor-Specific Fluorescence Antibody Imaging Enables Accurate Staging Laparoscopy in an Orthotopic Model of Pancreatic Cancer (2011)

The use of fluorescence laparoscopy with tumors labeled with fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody permits rapid detection and accurate localization of primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic model. The results of the present report demonstrate the future clinical potential of fluorescence laparoscopy.
Computation of minimal RGB LED backlight intensity for RGBW LCD displays (2009)

In the article we address the problem of RGB LED backlight power minimization in RGBW LCD displays. The problem is formalized as the determination of the minimal LEDs currents (and/or duty cycle) that allows the picture content rendering without clipping artifacts. We will write this problem in mathematical language and show that it has a unique solution. Then we propose an efficient algorithm that finds the minimal LEDs drive values according to the input content. The algorithm is stable and relatively simple. It gives temporally consistent solutions and converges to the minimal gamut in two-three iterations. When used in an RGBW display the method significantly reduces power consumption without clipping in the content.
Adaptive focusing experiments for minimally invasive monopole phased arrays in hyperthermia treatment of breast cancer (2002)

To deliver hyperthermia to the breast, a minimally invasive monopole phased-array system for adaptively-focused 915-MHz microwave hyperthermia treatment was designed and tested in phantoms. The performance of the phased array was simulated by computer using the geometry of compressed breast tissue. Results of adaptive focusing measurements in phantoms is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
PGX.UI: Visual Construction and Exploration of Large Property Graphs (2017)

Transforming existing data into graph formats and visualizing large graphs in a comprehensible way are two key areas of interest of information visualization. Addressing these issues requires new visualization approaches for large graphs that support users with graph construction and exploration. In addition, graph visualization is becoming more important for existing graph processing systems, which are often based on the property graph model. Therefore this paper presents concepts for visually constructing property graphs from data sources and a summary visualization for large property graphs. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of a graph construction time line that keeps track of changes and provides branching and merging, in a version control like fashion. Finally, we present a tool that visually guides users through the graph construction and exploration process.
Zirconium(IV) Chloride Catalyzed New and Efficient Protocol for the Selective Cleavage of p-Methoxybenzyl Ethers (2003)

A highly selective and efficient method for the unmasking of p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) ethers and esters has been developed by use of 20 mol % of zirconium(IV) chloride as Lewis acid in acetonitrile. The present method is very fast, and the conditions are tolerable to a variety of acid/base-sensitive protecting groups and substrates such as carbohydrates, terpenes, and amino acids. The products are obtained in good to high yields.
Development of an Item Bank to Measure Medication Adherence: Systematic Review (2020)

We developed an item bank for measuring general medication adherence using items from validated PROMs. This will allow researchers to create new PROMs from selected items and provide the foundation to develop CATs.
Highly efficient and stable MoS2FETs with reversible n-doping using a dehydrated poly(vinyl-alcohol) coating (2016)

Despite rapid progress in 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) research in recent years, MoS<sub>2</sub> field-effect transistors (FETs) still suffer from a high metal-to-MoS<sub>2</sub> contact resistance and low intrinsic mobility, which are major hindrances to their future application. We report an efficient technique to dope thin-film MoS<sub>2</sub> FETs using a poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) polymeric coating. This results in a reduction of the contact resistance by up to 30% as well as a reduction in the channel resistance to 20 kΩ sq<sup>-1</sup>. Using a dehydration process, we were able to effectively control the surface interactions between MoS<sub>2</sub> and the more electropositive hydroxyl groups (-OH) of PVA, which provided a controllable and yet reversible increase in the charge carrier density to a value of 8.0 × 10<sup>12</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>. The non-covalent, thus non-destructive, PVA doping of MoS<sub>2</sub> increases the carrier concentration without degrading the mobility, which shows a monotonic increase while enhancing the doping effect. The PVA doping technique is then exploited to create heavily doped access regions to the intrinsic MoS<sub>2</sub> channel, which yields 200% increase of the ON-state source-drain current. This establishes PVA doping as an effective approach to enhance the transport properties of MoS<sub>2</sub> FETs for a variety of applications.
A Viewpoint about Diminished Reality: Is it Possible Remove Objects in Real Time from Scenes? (2012)

This work aims to present an overview about how to generate a Diminished Reality scene. Diminished Reality is seen as part of the Augmented Reality research area and there are only a few related works available in the literature about this subject. The main concepts, possible applications and works related are presented. Besides, an approach to remove objects from real scenes is presented, showing preliminary results.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and 3D-Arrangement of CeO2 Nanocrystals (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Tetrazolates: a versatile class of ligands for luminescent metal complexes (2009)

We recently reported tetrazolates, [R-CN4]-, as an excellent class of ligands for the construction of highly photo- and electrochemiluminescent Ru(II)-polypyridyls and of intensely emitting and colour tunable Ir(III)-cyclometalates for OLEDs and LEECs devices, in which the extent of photophysical performances could be modulated by the addition of electrophiles to the coordinated tetrazolate ring. Our research has been nowadays extended to the preparation of new families of tetrazole complexes, such as Ru(II)-Ir(III) and Re(I)-Ir(III) bimetallic dyads and, as the latest development, of novel and intensely emitting Cu(I)-tetrazole cationic complexes. The main synthetic features and the photophysical properties of these new metal-containing molecules, will be described.
Structural Plasticity in Actin and Tubulin Polymer Dynamics (2009)

Actin filaments and microtubules polymerize and depolymerize by adding and removing subunits at polymer ends, and these dynamics drive cytoplasmic organization, cell division, and cell motility. Since Wegner proposed the treadmilling theory for actin in 1976, it has largely been assumed that the chemical state of the bound nucleotide determines the rates of subunit addition and removal. This chemical kinetics view is difficult to reconcile with observations revealing multiple structural states of the polymer that influence polymerization dynamics but that are not strictly coupled to the bound nucleotide state. We refer to these phenomena as "structural plasticity" and discuss emerging evidence that they play a central role in polymer dynamics and function.
Genetic Deletion of Trb3, the Mammalian Drosophila tribbles Homolog, Displays Normal Hepatic Insulin Signaling and Glucose Homeostasis (2007)

Trb3, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila tribbles, was proposed as a suppressor of Akt activity, predominantly in conditions of fasting and diabetes. Given these prior studies, we sought to determine whether Trb3 plays a major role in modulating hepatic insulin sensitivity. To answer this question, we produced mice in which a lacZ reporter was knocked into the locus containing the gene Trib3, resulting in a Trib3 null animal. Trib3 expression analyses demonstrated that the Trib3 is expressed in liver, adipose tissues, heart, kidney, lung, skin, small intestine, stomach, and denervated, but not normal, skeletal muscle. Trib3(-/-) mice are essentially identical to their wild-type littermates in overall appearance and body composition. Phenotypic analysis of Trib3(-/-) mice did not detect any alteration in serum glucose, insulin, or lipid levels; glucose or insulin tolerance; or energy metabolism. Studies in Trib3(-/-) hepatocytes revealed normal Akt and glycogen synthase kinase- 3beta phosphorylation patterns, glycogen levels, and expressions of key regulatory gluconeogenic and glycolytic genes. These data demonstrate that deletion of Trib3 has minimal effect on insulin-induced Akt activation in hepatic tissue, and, as such, they question any nonredundant role for Trb3 in the maintenance of glucose and energy homeostasis in mice.