gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel allele in the Arabidopsis thaliana MACPF protein CAD1 results in deregulated immune signaling (2021)

Abstract Immune recognition in plants is governed by two major classes of receptors: pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). Located at the cell surface, PRRs bind extracellular ligands originating from microbes (indicative of ‘non-self’) or damaged plant cells (indicative of ‘infected-self’), and trigger signaling cascades to protect against infection. Located intracellularly, NLRs sense pathogen-induced physiological changes and trigger localized cell death and systemic resistance. Immune responses are under tight regulation in order to maintain homeostasis and promote plant health. In a forward-genetic screen to identify regulators of PRR-mediated immune signaling, we identified a novel allele of the membrane-attack complex and perforin (MACPF)-motif containing protein CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVE DEFENSE 1 (CAD1) resulting from a missense mutation in a conserved N-terminal cysteine. We show that cad1-5 mutants display deregulated immune signaling and symptoms of autoimmunity dependent on the lipase-like protein ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (EDS1), suggesting that CAD1 integrity is monitored by the plant immune system. We further demonstrate that CAD1 localizes to both the cytosol and plasma membrane using confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation. Our results offer new insights into immune homeostasis and provide tools to further decipher the intriguing role of MACPF proteins in plants.
Interleukin‐13 and interleukin‐13 receptor in Hodgkin's disease: possible autocrine mechanism and involvement in fibrosis (2001)

Our results suggest that IL-13 might be involved in autocrine pathways of H-RS cells and fibrosis at least in NS-type. Our results also indicated that in addition to the morphological and phenotypic differences, the neoplastic cells of LP type might be functionally different from H-RS cells of MC- and NS-types.
Intramers and Aptamers: Applications in Protein‐Function Analyses and Potential for Drug Screening (2005)

On target. Aptamers and intramers can be isolated against diverse targets and are used as functional inhibitors to characterise proteins in vitro or in living organisms. As nucleic acids, they are predestined for the functional validation of intracellular proteins or protein subdomains. Recent developments have boosted aptamer technology for applications such as small-molecule screening (see scheme); this underlines the fact that aptamers provide an exciting novel interface between target validation and drug development.
Detection of fast and slow waves propagating through porous media (2018)

Porous media can support two longitudinal waves, which often overlap in time and frequency domains. Each wave has its own attenuation coefficient and phase velocity. These properties are related to volume fraction of solid phase, tortuosity, viscous characteristic length, and elasticity. Therefore, knowledge of individual wave properties is useful for characterizing porous media. Accordingly, methods for recovering separate reconstructions of fast and slow waves are of interest. The transfer function of a porous sample may be expressed as a weighted sum of two complex exponentials. The Modified Least Squares Prony’s (MLSP) method may be used to recover the two individual components for non-dispersive media. Porous media are dispersive, however. The MLSP method may be augmented with curve-fitting (MSLP + CF) to account for dispersion. An alternative approach, based on Bayesian probability theory, is also powerful for recovering fast and slow waves. These approaches have been tested in through-transmission experiments on cancellous bone samples. Bayesian and MLSP + CF approaches successfully separated fast and slow waves and provided good estimates of the fast and slow wave properties even when the two wave modes overlapped in both time and frequency domains.
The utilization of molecular oxygen during the biosynthesis of maduramicin. (1987)

sodium a (C47H7(>O17Na) is a polyether ionophore antibiotic (Fig. 1) possessing a polyoxygenated carbon backbone and a l^-dideoxysugar1*50. It is a potent coccidiostat effective at a level of 5 ppm. Wehave established recently that the aglycone carbon skeleton of maduramicin is derived from eight acetate and seven propionate units and that the methoxy carbons are derived from methionine by feeding 13C labeled precursors to cultures of Actinomadura yumaensis2"\. Also we have assigned unambiguously the 13C NMRspectrum of this antibiotic3*0. The bio-origin of oxygen atoms in maduramicin has been studied in our laboratory by incorporation of [1-13C, 18O2]acetate and [1-13C, 18O2]propionate in the fermentation cultures. It was concluded that five oxygen atoms O-(l), O-(6), O-(8), O-(9) and
High-order polarization mode dispersion emulator (2002)

A system for generating polarization mode dispersion is developed to reproduce a close approximation to the polarization mode dispersion (pMd) of fiber links in the laboratory. A multistage system of rotating wave plates and combinations of birefringent elements generates a mixture of first-order, second-order, and higher order PMD suitable for testing OC-192 and OC-768 hardware. The PMD emulator can be operated in either static or time-varying modes. In the static mode, first-order PMD is generated with the differential group delay (DGD) continuously adjustable from 0 to 160 ps. In the dynamic mode, time-varying PMD containing first and higher orders is generated with an approximately Maxwellian DGD distribution. The PMD emulator generates PMD variations at adjustable frequencies up to 400 Hz.
Study of Advanced Humid Air Turbine System : (1) Performance on Small-scale System (2004)

This paper describes advanced utilization of moisture in gas turbine systems for the purpose of improving thermal efficiency and output. We have proposed and been developing AHAT(Advanced Humid Air Turbine) system. The AHAT system is a system which uses existing mutual technologies and aims highperformance equal to that of the HAT system. Comparative calculations results on the small-scale AHAT system are presented. All results are evaluated by the in-house heat cycle simulator, which performs mass and energy balancing based on enthalpy calculations. As a result, AHAT system has 1.27 times larger output and 1.63 times higher thermal efficiency than the simple cycle system. The possibility of remodeling a gasturbine designed for AHAT system (recuperative or simple cycle system) for use in other systems is also examined. As a result, a gas turbine designed for AHAT system is available for use in recuperative or simple cycle system.
Caloric Restriction Mimetics: The Next Phase (2005)

Calorie restriction (CR) mimetics are agents or strategies that can mimic the beneficial health-promoting and anti-aging effects of CR, the only intervention conclusively shown to slow aging and maintain health and vitality across the phylogenetic spectrum. Our lead compound, developed at the National Institute on Aging, was 2-deoxyglucose, an analogue of the native sugar, that acted as a glycolytic inhibitor, having limited metabolism and actually reducing overall energy flow--analogous to CR. This agent reduced insulin levels and body temperature of rats, similar to the physiological effects of CR, but toxicity was noted in long-term studies, which apparently prevented life-span extension. We previously demonstrated that lower insulin and body temperature (as well as maintenance of dehydroepiandrosterone levels) correlate with longevity in non-CR humans. The recent work of other investigators shows that humans subjected to short-term CR also have lower insulin and body temperature. Obviously, longer-term CR is extremely difficult to maintain; hence, the need for CR mimetics. The next phase of calorie restriction studies includes basic investigations as well as possible clinical trials of a number of candidate CR mimetics, ranging from glycolytic inhibitors to lipid-regulating agents to antioxidants and specific gene modulators. The scope of these ongoing studies in various laboratories, as well as their practical implications, are reviewed and analyzed here.
Gluing bifurcations in coupled spin torque nano-oscillators (2013)

Over the past few years, it has been shown, through theory and experiments, that the AC current produced by spin torque nano-oscillators (STNO), coupled in an array, can lead to feedback between the STNOs causing them to synchronize and that, collectively, the microwave power output of the array is significantly larger than that of an individual valve. Other works have pointed, however, to the difficulty in achieving synchronization. In particular, Persson et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09A503 (2007)] shows that the region of parameter space where the synchronization state exists for even a small array with two STNOs is rather small. In this work, we explore in more detail the nature of the bifurcations that lead into and out of the synchronization state for the two-array case. The bifurcation analysis shows bistability between in-phase and out-of-phase limit cycle oscillations. In fact, there are two distinct pairs of such cycles. But as the input current increases, the limit cycles may increase their amplitudes until they merge with one another in a gluing bifurcation. More importantly, we show that changing the direction of the applied magnetic field can, in principle, increase the region of synchronized oscillations.
A Comparison of Finite Element and Lumped Modeling Techniques to Analyze Flow Boiling in Microchannels (2021)

This study quantitatively compares the finite element (FE) and lumped modeling techniques to analyze phase-change and multiphase flow in a microchannel evaporator. We compare the one- and two-zone models in the lumped modeling approach by considering both pressure drop and phase change in the evaporator. The study investigates the deviation in results from the lumped model relative to the FE model for various evaporator heat loads. For the one-zone model, the relative errors in predicting the average density, pressure, temperature, and vapor quality increase with the evaporator heat load. This increase is mainly due to the nonlinear variation in the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop, which are calculated with higher inaccuracies at larger evaporator heat loads. On the other hand, the liquid-phase region and the exit vapor quality are predicted more accurately. The overall errors using one- and two-zone lumped models were less than 30% when the exit qualities do not exceed 0.5. Since strategies involving flow boiling in evaporators typically avoid high exit vapor qualities to circumvent dry-out and critical heat flux, the use of lumped models under these conditions is favorable. This approach also avoids the computational costs associated with FE models while achieving sufficient accuracy to predict the evaporator’s performance.
3D characterization and trend analysis of scents from EEG recordings of repeated scent exposure (2013)

Scent plays an important role in influencing the brain and has been commonly used in psychological research. Much of such research has been conducted without the use of electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the response of the human brain to scent stimulus. Recent studies have involved the use of EEG to perform comparative studies on how different scents can affect brain activity. However, little has been done to analyze the trend of brain activity when a subject is repeatedly exposed to the same scent. This paper discusses the use of 4 features - Entropy Difference, Entropy Ratio, Entropy Time and Root Mean Square (RMS) to perform trend analysis of EEG signals in a repeated scent-exposure setting. The results show that different types of scents cause the brain to be stimulated at different degrees for each repeated exposure, giving rise to different trend patterns. It is also observed that the 4 features give similar trends for the same scent. This similarity allows us to combine the 4 features by forming a feature vector and plotting them in 3 dimensional (3D) space, using 3 repeated scent exposures as the axes. The region of space where the feature vector lies is represented by an ellipsoid, which can be used to characterize a particular scent. Unlike previous work, which did not characterize scent from EEG recordings, this paper investigates the different trends of scent after its repeated exposure to the human subject and by using the 3D representation to characterize the scent.
High entropy van der Waals materials (Review article) (2022)

By breaking the restrictions on traditional alloying strategy, the high entropy concept has promoted the exploration of the central area of phase space, thus broadening the horizon of alloy exploitation. This review highlights the marriage of the high entropy concept and van der Waals systems to form a new family of materials category, namely the high entropy van der Waals materials (HEX, HE = high entropy, X= anion clusters) and describe the current issues and next challenges. The design strategy for HEX has integrated the local feature (e.g., composition, spin, and valence states) of structural units in high entropy materials and the holistic degrees of freedom (e.g., stacking, twisting, and intercalating species) in van der Waals materials, and has been successfully employed for the discovery of high entropy dichalcogenides, phosphorus tri-chalcogenides, halogens, and MXene. The rich combination and random distribution of the multiple metallic constituents on the nearly-regular 2D lattice give rise to a flexible platform to study the correlation features behind a range of selected physical properties, e.g., superconductivity, magnetism, and metal-insulator transition. The deliberate design of structural units and their stacking configuration can also create novel catalysts to enhance their performance in a bunch of chemical reactions.
DAS over 1,007-km Hybrid Link with 10-Tb/s DP-16QAM Co-propagation using Frequency-Diverse Chirped Pulses (2022)

We report the first distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) results over &gt;1,000 km on a field-lab hybrid link using chirped-pulses with correlation detection and 20× frequency-diversity, achieving a sensitivity of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="eq1" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>100</mml:mn> <mml:mtext>p</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>Hz</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> at 20-meters spatial resolution.
Artificial bubble cloud targets for acoustic remote sensing of the ocean (1994)

Theoretical calculations indicate that bubble clouds with void fraction of O(1%) and size of O(20 cm) produce large scatter due to collective oscillations. It is suggested that artificial bubble cloud targets can be used for acoustical remote sensing of ocean environment. The flow following property of such targets is excellent because the target density is quasineutral buoyant. The void fraction, bubble size distribution, and cloud geometry can be controlled. A technique using polymer solutions to stabilize bubble clouds was developed. Resonant tube measurements indicated that the acoustic velocity and attenuation of artificial clouds are similar to bubble clouds in water. This technique can be applied to the designs of underwater acoustic targets for sonar calibration, simulation of wave breaking, and neutral buoyant tracers for tracking ocean currents. The use of artificial bubble clouds targets is specially valuable for low wind condition and applications in deeper regions where bubbles generated at the surface rarely survive. Larger bubbles can also be transported into deeper regions by artificial clouds. [Work supported by ARPA.]
OS ASPECTOS QUE TORNAM O TRABALHO DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL RELEVANTE (2016)

Este trabalho se propoe apresentar os beneficios da aplicacao do Design Instrucional (DI) no planejamento, organizacao, construcao de conteudo e disponibilizacao de material didatico em um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA). Dentre as variadas especificidades que podem suscitar analise, esta pesquisa optou por analisar determinados aspectos que foram julgados imprescindiveis para fundamentar a relevância do Design Instrucional na construcao de conteudos e planejamentos de curso com o proposito de entregar melhor formacao de alunos atraves de ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem e observar os resultados obtidos na formacao destes alunos. Como metodologia de trabalho, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa bibliografica. Como metodo foi realizado uma revisao sistematica, optou-se pela investigacao de pesquisas cientificas publicada nos ultimos 10 anos. Como estudo de caso, optou-se por um curso de gerenciamento de projetos ofertado pelo Mato Grosso, Brazil Chapter - PMI-MT em parceria com a UFMT-IC, etapa do projeto global Education Fundation – Habilidades para a Vida, idealizado pelo Project Management Institute – PMI. Este projeto visa capacitar alunos em idade escolar nos conhecimentos de gerenciamento de projetos. Nesta etapa, o PMI-MT pretende levar a alunos do ensino medio de uma escola publica estadual no Brasil, conhecimentos de gerenciamento de projetos com a pretensao de preparar futuros profissionais de forma que possam se valer deste aprendizado independente da carreira profissional que seguirem. O AVA e o material disponibilizado em forma de um curso EaD sera utilizado na primeira etapa do projeto, e esta etapa sera objeto de estudos desta pesquisa. Ao fim, pretende-se validar as contribuicoes do design instrucional e sugerir sua relevância para o sucesso desta etapa do curso e tambem apresentar as novas frentes de pesquisas no uso destas tecnicas aplicadas na elaboracao de cursos de gerenciamento de projetos ofertados atraves da educacao a distância. Com isso seguir sugerindo novas pesquisas para que a alianca entre tecnologia e educacao mediadas atraves do design instrucional se frutifique.
<title>Hybrid content addressable memory MSD arithmetic</title> (1990)

The modified signed-digit (MSD) number system, because of its inherent weak interdigit dependance, has been suggested as a useful means for a fast and parallel digital arithmetic. To maintain a fast processing speed, a single-stage holographic optical content-addressable memory (CAM) based MSD algorithm was suggested. In this paper, a novel non-holographic opto-electronic CAM based fast MSD addition processing architecture is proposed. The proposed concept has been verified with our first-order proof-of-principle experiments. A figure of merit comparison of this and other existing approaches is also presented. Based on this key opto-electronic CAM element, implementation of more sophisticated I'VISD arithmetic, such as optical MSD subtraction and multiplication operations, are proposed.
On firing an air gun very shallow (2017)

Recently, two of the authors asked the question “Is it optimal to tow air guns shallow to enhance low frequencies?” By combining recordings of signatures from sources deployed at depths from 3 to 20 m, they concluded that for an air gun array with sources at several depths, more low frequencies would be introduced into the source signature. We have found the significant and notable additional experimental result that firing a [Formula: see text] air gun at approximately 1.3 m in depth gives a broadband signature with low and high frequencies and with notable downgoing amplitude strength. The experiment was not dedicated to the 1.3 m gun depth test, and only one shot was fired at this depth. Nevertheless, we found that the air gun at approximately 1 m depth produces significantly low frequencies less than 2 Hz compared with the guns fired deeper. We suggest that very shallow firing of large volume guns is of interest for VSPs as well as for site surveys due to the high frequencies that are generated and the almost bubble free signature.
Ultrasound‐Induced Wireless Energy Harvesting for Potential Retinal Electrical Stimulation Application (2019)

Abstract Retinal electrical stimulation for people with neurodegenerative diseases has shown to be feasible for direct excitation of neurons as a means of restoring vision. In this work, a new electrical stimulation strategy is proposed using ultrasound‐driven wireless energy harvesting technology to convert acoustic energy to electricity through the piezoelectric effect. The design, fabrication, and performance of a millimeter‐scale flexible ultrasound patch that utilizes an environment‐friendly lead‐free piezocomposite are described. A modified dice‐and‐fill technique is used to manufacture the microstructure of the piezocomposite and to generate improved electrical and acoustic properties. The as‐developed device can be attached on a complex surface and be driven by ultrasound to produce adjustable electrical outputs, reaching a maximum output power of 45 mW cm −2 . Potential applications for charging energy storage devices and powering commercial electronics using the device are demonstrated. The considerable current signals (e.g., current &gt;72 µA and current density &gt;9.2 nA µm −2 ) that are higher than the average thresholds of retinal stimulation are also obtained in the ex vivo experiment of an implanted environment, showing great potential to be integrated on implanted biomedical devices for electrical stimulation application.
Design and fabrication of curved silicon image planes for miniature monocentric imagers (2015)

We introduce the design and fabrication of a segmented, hemispherical silicon image plane for 10 mm-diameter spherical monocentric lens. In order to conform to the spherical focal plane of the lens, we create flexible gore patterns consisting of spring-connected silicon hexagons. Mechanical functionality is demonstrated by assembling 20 μm-thick, patterned silicon gores into a curved test fixture. We have also fabricated and tested a photodiode array in a CMOS compatible process. The hemispherical imager will enable a compact 160° field-of-view camera with a fill factor over 80% using a single spherical lens.
Baseline NT-proBNP and responsiveness to autonomic regulation therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (2020)

In ANTHEM-HF, overall symptomatic and functional improvement during chronic VNS was independent of baseline NTproBNP. These are preliminary and hypothesis-generating findings, and the reason for a differing interaction between baseline NT-proBNP and response to CNPS and VNS remains unclear. It is anticipated that the ongoing ANTHEM-HFrEF Pivotal Study of VNS will provide additional insight.
New Results On Multiple Correlations (2005)

Standard approaches to linear prediction, parameter estima- tion, system identification, and classification problems, involve the autocorrelation sequence of a deterministic, or, stochastic signal or system. This paper presents preliminary results on the same problems using higher- than second- order correlations. By optimizing a weighted mean-square prediction error, a linear prediction filter that uses triple correlations is derived and its potential for speech analysis and synthesis is discussed. For enhancing noisy speech, a noise canceler based on triple correlations is proposed. Com- bining second- and higher-order correlations a mean-square parameter estimator is found to have smaller error than the autocorrelation-based estimator. By exploiting the redun- dancy present in multiple correlations a frequency-domain algorithm is developed and applied to reconstruction of noisy signals, and identification of systems from input and output data that are contaminated by colored Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. Finally, under the same noise condi- tions, a noise-resistant matched filter classifier is described.