gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compressive Online Robust Principal Component Analysis with Optical Flow\n for Video Foreground-Background Separation (2017)

In the context of online Robust Principle Component Analysis (RPCA) for the\nvideo foreground-background separation, we propose a compressive online RPCA\nwith optical flow that separates recursively a sequence of frames into sparse\n(foreground) and low-rank (background) components. Our method considers a small\nset of measurements taken per data vector (frame), which is different from\nconventional batch RPCA, processing all the data directly. The proposed method\nalso incorporates multiple prior information, namely previous foreground and\nbackground frames, to improve the separation and then updates the prior\ninformation for the next frame. Moreover, the foreground prior frames are\nimproved by estimating motions between the previous foreground frames using\noptical flow and compensating the motions to achieve higher quality foreground\nprior. The proposed method is applied to online video foreground and background\nseparation from compressive measurements. The visual and quantitative results\nshow that our method outperforms the existing methods.\n
SBS/Polyaniline or Carbon Black System: Finding the Optimal Process and Molding Temperatures Through Experimental Design (2006)

Abstract Summary: The optimum mixing and molding conditions for processing of styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer filled with carbon black (CB) or polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (Pani.DBSA) were determined. The mechanical performance of SBS/CB and SBS/Pani.DBSA composites were characterized in terms of strain and stress responses at break condition. In order to reach this goal, two mixed two‐ and three‐level factorial designs were employed. The obtained data show that the molding temperature is the most important parameter to affect the mechanical behavior of the systems. Among the systems analyzed, the SBS/Pani.DBSA blends presented the highest sensitivity to the process and molding conditions. Elongation of composites as a function of molding temperature. image Elongation of composites as a function of molding temperature.
A novel compound heterozygous mutation in TTC8 identified in a Japanese patient (2019)

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), characterized by rod-cone dystrophy, postaxial polydactyly, central obesity, hypogonadism, renal abnormalities, and mental retardation, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. To date, 21 causative genes have been reported. Here we describe a Japanese BBS patient with a novel compound heterozygous mutation in <i>TTC8</i>. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a BBS patient with a mutation in the <i>TTC8</i> gene in Japan.
Fluorescence Energy Transfer to Dye-Labeled DNA from a Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Prequenched with a Water-Soluble C60 Derivative (2008)

The emission of the cationic polyelectrolyte poly[9,9‘-bis(6‘ ‘-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)fluorene-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) dibromide] (PFBT) is effectively quenched via photoinduced electron transfer by the negatively charged C60 derivative sodium diphosphorate methano[60]fullerene (SDPMF). Stern−Volmer analysis shows the quenching constant as high as 2.8 × 1012 M-1, consistent with the formation of ground state complexes. Addition of Cy5-labeled ssDNA to PFBT leads to concurrent FRET to Cy5 and a quenching of PFBT emission that is intrinsic to the addition of ssDNA. Similar experiments carried out with a solution of PFBT that was prequenched with SDPMF result in a stable PFBT background emission and a clearly observed Cy5 emission rise. These observations were applied to ssDNA assays that take advantage of Cy5-labeled PNA. The result is a FRET-based detection method with more stable and readily quantifiable optical signals.
A Novel Inhibitor of Platelet Aggregation from the CyanophyceaeOscillatoria rosea(NIES-208) (1996)

(2S)-1-O-Palmitoleyl-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosylglycerol was isolated from the marine alga Oscillatoria rosea. It caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by U46619. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.
ChemInform Abstract: Huperzine A ‐ A Potent Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor of Use in the Treatment of Alzheimer′s Disease. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of membrane type‐1 matrix metalloproteinase‐specific activatable fluorescent probe for malignant tumor detection (2011)

Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is a protease that activates pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP13, which are related to tumor malignancy. Therefore, probes that specifically image MT1-MMP would be useful for malignant tumor diagnosis. In the present study, we prepared rhodamine X-conjugated anti-MT1- MMP antibody (anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX) as an activatable fluorescent probe and evaluated its usefulness for MT1-MMP-specific imaging. Anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX was obtained in a quenched form with approximately three ROX molecules per mAb. Its fluorescence intensity increased approximately 14-fold in the presence of detergent, which is suitable for activatable systems. C6 glioma cells and MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells were used as MT1-MMP-positive and MT1-MMP-negative models, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of C6 cells treated with anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX, but not ROX-conjugated isotype control antibody (NC Ab-ROX), increased with time and was significantly higher than that of MCF-7 cells at 6 h (P < 0.001). The fluorescence intensity of cells treated with anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX was also suppressed by pre-treatment with a MT1-MMP endocytosis inhibitor (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the probes were intravenously administered to C6 and MCF-7 xenografted mice. The tumor-to-muscle (T/M) ratio of the anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX group was 15.1 ± 3.2 at 48 h and was significantly higher than that of the NC Ab-ROX group (T/M ratio = 4.6 ± 3.0, P < 0.05) in C6 xenografted mice, while the T/M ratio of the anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX and NC Ab-ROX groups was not different in MCF-7 xenografted mice. These findings suggest that anti-MT1-MMP mAb-ROX is a promising probe for specifically detecting MT1-MMP-expressing tumors.
A PARALLEL DYNAMIC-MESH LAGRANGIAN METHOD FOR SIMULATION OF FLOWS WITH DYNAMIC INTERFACES (2000)

Many important phenomena in science and engineering, including our motivating problem of microstructural blood flow, can be modeled as flows with dynamic interfaces. The major challenge faced in simulating such flows is resolving the interfacial motion. Lagrangian methods are ideally suited for such problems, since interfaces are naturally represented and propagated. However, the material description of motion results in dynamic meshes, which become hopelessly distorted unless they are regularly regenerated. Lagrangian methods are particularly challenging on parallel computers, because scalable dynamic mesh methods remain elusive. Here, we present a parallel dynamic mesh Lagrangian method for flows with dynamic interfaces. We take an aggressive approach to dynamic meshing by triangulating the propagating grid points at every timestep using a scalable parallel Delaunay algorithm. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we show that the costs of the geometric components (triangulation, coarsening, refinement, and partitioning) can be made small relative to the flow solver.
The mismatch repair and base excision repair pathways: An opportunity for individualized (personalized) sensitization of cancer therapy (2009)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKeywords:: base excision repair pathwayiododeoxyuridinemethyl binding domain protein 4 (MBD4/MED1)mismatch repair pathwaythymine DNA glycosylaseuracil DNA glycosylaseThis article refers to:Modulation of the activity of methyl binding domain protein 4 (MBD4/MED1) while processing iododeoxyuridine generated DNA mispairs
Efficient photosynthesis of carbon monoxide from CO2 using perovskite photovoltaics (2015)

Artificial photosynthesis, mimicking nature in its efforts to store solar energy, has received considerable attention from the research community. Most of these attempts target the production of H2 as a fuel and our group recently demonstrated solar-to-hydrogen conversion at 12.3% efficiency. Here, in an effort to take this approach closer to real photosynthesis, which is based on the conversion of CO2, we demonstrate the efficient reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide driven solely by simulated sunlight using water as the electron source. Employing series-connected perovskite photovoltaics and high-performance catalyst electrodes, we reach a solar-to-CO efficiency exceeding 6.5%, which represents a new benchmark in sunlight-driven CO2 conversion. Considering hydrogen as a secondary product, an efficiency exceeding 7% is observed. Furthermore, this study represents one of the first demonstrations of extended, stable operation of perovskite photovoltaics, whose large open-circuit voltage is shown to be particularly suited for this process.
Signal Processing using Optical Frequency Combs (2015)

We will review the utilization of optical frequency combs for wideband signal processing and the impact this will have on microwave systems. We discuss the sub-system performance metrics and relate them to required comb characteristics.
Improved motion correction using image registration based on variational synthetic image estimation: application to inline t1 mapping of myocardium (2011)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Metalation and electrophilic substitution of amine derivatives adjacent to nitrogen: .alpha.-metallo amine synthetic equivalents (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleMetalation and electrophilic substitution of amine derivatives adjacent to nitrogen: .alpha.-metallo amine synthetic equivalentsPeter Beak, William J. Zajdel, and David B. ReitzCite this: Chem. Rev. 1984, 84, 5, 471–523Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00063a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00063a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1673Altmetric-Citations264LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sparse Overcomplete Representations for Efficient Identification of Power Line Outages (2012)

Fast and accurate unveiling of power-line outages is of paramount importance not only for preventing faults that may lead to blackouts, but also for routine monitoring and control tasks of the smart grid, including state estimation and optimal power flow. Existing approaches are either challenged by the combinatorial complexity issues involved and are thus limited to identifying single and double line-outages or they invoke less pragmatic assumptions such as conditionally independent phasor angle measurements available across the grid. Using only a subset of voltage phasor angle data, the present paper develops a near real-time algorithm for identifying multiple line outages at the affordable complexity of solving a sparse signal reconstruction problem via either greedy steps or coordinate descent iterations. Recognizing that the number of line outages is a small fraction of the total number of lines, the novel approach relies on reformulating the DC linear power flow model as a sparse overcomplete expansion and leveraging contemporary advances in compressive sampling and variable selection. This sparse representation can also be extended to incorporate available information on the internal system and more general line-parameter faults. Analysis and simulated tests on 118-, 300-, and 2383-bus systems confirm the effectiveness of identifying sparse power line outages.
Silicon Nanosheets: Lewis Acid Induced Functionalization of Photoluminescent 2D Silicon Nanosheets for the Fabrication of Functional Hybrid Films (Adv. Funct. Mater. 21/2017) (2017)

In article number 1606764, the modification of twodimensional silicon nanosheets catalyzed by different Lewis acids is described by Jonathan G. C. Veinot, Bernhard Rieger, and co-workers. A derived functional hybrid film of silicon nanosheet/poly(3-hexylthiophene) is applied to fabricate field effect transistors with enhanced sensitivity and increased transconductances. The authors thank Johannes Richers for designing the artwork and TUM GS for financial support.
Author response: Small molecule-mediated refolding and activation of myosin motor function (2013)

Our muscles contain large numbers of ‘motor proteins’ called myosins. To contract a muscle, many myosin molecules expend energy to ‘walk’ along a filament made from another molecule, called actin, and generate a pulling force. Like other proteins, myosins must fold into the correct shape to work, but high temperatures or other types of stress can disrupt their ability to adopt or maintain the correct shape. Misfolding of myosins, for example, can result in muscular diseases, including those that affect the heart; so there is an ongoing effort to find compounds that can stabilize protein folding and treat these diseases. The small molecule EMD 57033 was discovered over 20 years ago, and its ability to increase the strength of muscle contractions suggested that it could be used to treat chronic heart failure, but the risk of side effects limited its clinical use. The effectiveness of other compounds that improve cardiac muscle function is still routinely compared to EMD 57033, however the exact mechanism responsible for its effect on muscle tissue remained unknown. Now Radke, Taft et al. have identified the part of the myosin protein that EMD 57033 binds to, and shown how this activates muscle contraction. The experiments also, unexpectedly, revealed that EMD 57033 is able to convert misfolded myosin back into the fully functional form. By revealing this refolding effect, the findings of Radtke, Taft et al. suggest that similar small molecules could be used as drugs for the treatment of protein misfolding diseases, muscular diseases, and heart failure.
Frustrated incomplete donor ionization in ultra-low resistivity germanium films (2014)

The relationship between carrier concentration and donor atomic concentration has been determined in n-type Ge films doped with P. The samples were carefully engineered to minimize non-active dopant incorporation by using specially designed P(SiH3)3 and P(GeH3)3 hydride precursors. The in situ nature of the doping and the growth at low temperatures, facilitated by the Ge3H8 and Ge4H10 Ge sources, promote the creation of ultra-low resistivity films with flat doping profiles that help reduce the errors in the concentration measurements. The results show that Ge deviates strongly from the incomplete ionization expected when the donor atomic concentration exceeds Nd = 1017 cm−3, at which the energy separation between the donor and Fermi levels ceases to be much larger than the thermal energy. Instead, essentially full ionization is seen even at the highest doping levels beyond the solubility limit of P in Ge. The results can be explained using a model developed for silicon by Altermatt and coworkers, provided the relevant model parameter is properly scaled. The findings confirm that donor solubility and/or defect formation, not incomplete ionization, are the major factors limiting the achievement of very high carrier concentrations in n-type Ge. The commercially viable chemistry approach applied here enables fabrication of supersaturated and fully ionized prototypes with potential for broad applications in group-IV semiconductor technologies.
Nonomuraea sp. ATCC 55076 harbours the largest actinomycete chromosome to date and the kistamicin biosynthetic gene cluster (2017)

Glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs) have served as potent clinical drugs and as an inspiration to chemists in various disciplines. Among known GPAs, complestatin, chloropeptin, and kistamicin are unique in that they contain an unusual indole-phenol crosslink. The mechanism of formation of this linkage is unknown, and to date, the biosynthetic gene cluster of only one GPA with an indole-phenol crosslink, that of complestatin, has been identified. Here, we report the genome sequence of the kistamicin producer <i>Nonomuraea</i> sp. ATCC 55076. We find that this strain harbours the largest actinobacterial chromosome to date, consisting of a single linear chromosome of ∼13.1 Mbp. AntiSMASH analysis shows that ∼32 biosynthetic gene clusters and ∼10% of the genome are devoted to production of secondary metabolites, which include 1,6-dihydroxyphenazine and nomuricin, a new anthraquinone-type pentacyclic compound that we report herein. The kistamicin gene cluster (<i>kis</i>) was identified bioinformatically. A unique feature of <i>kis</i> is that it contains two cytochrome P450 enzymes, which likely catalyze three crosslinking reactions. These findings set the stage for examining the biosynthesis of kistamicin and its unusual indole-phenol crosslink in the future.
Raf-1 and p21v-ras cooperate in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. (1993)

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases Raf-1, pp60src, and p21ras all play important roles in the transfer of signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. We have used the baculovirus/Sf9 insect cell system to elucidate the regulatory relationships between pp60v-src, p21v-ras, MAP kinase (p44erk1/mapk), and Raf-1. In Sf9 cells, p44erk1/mapk is activated by coexpression with either v-Raf or a constitutively activated form of Raf-1 (Raf22W). In contrast, p44erk1/mapk is activated to only a limited extent by coexpression with either Raf-1 or p21v-ras alone. This activation of p44erk1/mapk is greatly enhanced by coexpression with both p21v-ras and Raf-1. Since we have previously shown that p21v-ras stimulates Raf-1 activity, the activation of p44erk1/mapk by p21v-ras may occur exclusively via a Raf-1-dependent pathway. However, a dominant-inhibitory mutant of Raf-1 (Raf301) does not block the activation of p44erk1/mapk by p21-v-ras. Further, pp60v-src, which activates Raf-1 at least as effectively as p21v-ras, fails to enhance p44erk1/mapk activity greatly when coexpressed with Raf-1. These data suggest that activation of p44erk1/mapk by p21v-ras may occur via both Raf-1-dependent and Raf-1-independent pathways.
Detection of Early Prostate Cancer Using a Hepsin-Targeted Imaging Agent (2008)

Early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer is key to designing effective treatment strategies. Microarrays have resulted in the discovery of hepsin (HPN) as a biomarker for detection of prostate cancer. In this study, we explore the development of HPN imaging probes for detection of prostate cancer. We used phage display to isolate HPN binding peptides with 190 + 2.2 nmol/L affinity in monomeric form and high specificity. The identified peptides were able to detect human prostate cancer on tissue microarrays and in cell-based assays. HPN-targeted imaging agents were synthesized by conjugating multiple peptides to fluorescent nanoparticles to further improve avidity through multivalency and to improve pharmacokinetics. When injected into mouse xenograft models, HPN-targeted nanoparticles bound specifically to HPN-expressing LNCaP xenografts compared with non-HPN-expressing PC3 xenografts. HPN imaging may provide a new method for detection of prostate cancer.
Stochastic Privacy (2014)

Online services such as web search and e-commerce applications typically rely on the collection of data about users, including details of their activities on the web. Such personal data is used to maximize revenues via targeting of advertisements and longer engagements of users, and to enhance the quality of service via personalization of content. To date, service providers have largely followed the approach of either requiring or requesting consent for collecting user data. Users may be willing to share private information in return for incentives, enhanced services, or assurances about the nature and extent of the logged data. We introduce stochastic privacy, an approach to privacy centering on the simple concept of providing people with a guarantee that the probability that their personal data will be shared does not exceed a given bound. Such a probability, which we refer to as the privacy risk, can be given by users as a preference or communicated as a policy by a service provider. Service providers can work to personalize and to optimize revenues in accordance with preferences about privacy risk. We present procedures, proofs, and an overall system for maximizing the quality of services, while respecting bounds on privacy risk. We demonstrate the methodology with a case study and evaluation of the procedures applied to web search personalization. We show how we can achieve near-optimal utility of accessing information with provable guarantees on the probability of sharing data.
5G from Space: An Overview of 3GPP Non-Terrestrial Networks (2021)

We provide an overview of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) work on evolving the 5G wireless technology to support non-terrestrial satellite networks. Adapting 5G to support non-terrestrial networks entails a holistic design spanning across multiple areas from radio access network to services and system aspects to core and terminals. In this article, we describe the main topics of non-terrestrial networks, explain in detail the design aspects, and share various design rationales influencing standardization.