gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering Amyloid-Like Assemblies from Unstructured Peptides via Site-Specific Lipid Conjugation (2014)

Aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) into oligomers and fibrils is believed to play an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To gain further insight into the principles of aggregation, we have investigated the induction of β-sheet secondary conformation from disordered native peptide sequences through lipidation, in 1-2% hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Several parameters, such as type and number of lipid chains, peptide sequence, peptide length and net charge, were explored keeping the ratio peptide/HFIP constant. The resulting lipoconjugates were characterized by several physico-chemical techniques: Circular Dichroism (CD), Attenuated Total Reflection InfraRed (ATR-IR), Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy and Electron Microscopy (EM). Our data demonstrate the generation of β-sheet aggregates from numerous unstructured peptides under physiological pH, independent of the amino acid sequence. The amphiphilicity pattern and hydrophobicity of the scaffold were found to be key factors for their assembly into amyloid-like structures.
Development of sensor arrays for continuous groundwater monitoring (1994)

Industrial development has led to the release of numerous hazardous materials into the environment, posing a potential threat to surrounding waters. Environmental analysis of sites contaminated by several chemicals calls for continuous monitoring of multiple analytes. Monitoring can be achieved by using imaging bundles for the fabrication of sensors. Imaging bundles are formed by melting and drawing together several thousand individual optical fibers. The fibers are drawn coherently so that the position of an individual fiber of the bundle at one end (distal) corresponds to the identical position at the other end (proximal). By coupling imaging fibers to a charge coupled device (CCD), one has the ability to spatially discriminate the distal end of the fiber.
Modified data-pilot-multiplexed schemes for OFDM systems (2007)

In data-pilot-multiplexed OFDM schemes, data-interference to pilot tones causes degradation in frequency offset and channel estimation. This paper derives the best data-pilot-multiplexed scheme in terms of minimizing data-interference on pilot tones. This design gives a correlated data insertion scheme (CD) (data on the left and right adjacent tones of each pilot are correlated) and a null data insertion scheme (ND) (no data are transmitted on the left and right adjacent tones of each pilot). Both schemes outperform conventional data-pilot-multiplexed schemes (CV) significantly (over 7 dB SNR advantage at the uncoded BER of 2 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> and pilot-to-data energy ratio (PDER) of 5 dB). With the BLUE frequency offset estimator, the CD scheme yields a better performance than the ND scheme while having a slight advantage in data throughput. A modified CD scheme is also presented which transmits the same data rate at similar complexity as the CV scheme does while achieving a significant BER improvement (over 3 dB SNR advantage at the uncoded BER of 2 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> and PDER of 5 dB)
Novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of Wilson’s disease (2006)

The treatment of Wilson's disease has changed considerably in recent times, from the use of penicillamine (Cuprimine, Merck) for all stages and types of disease, to the use of three other anticopper drugs at appropriate times for appropriate patients. Each type and stage of the disease can be considered as a therapeutic target, for which specialised therapy is appropriate. This paper systematically reviews the various types and stages of Wilson's disease presentation, and provides opinion on the appropriate therapy for each. For patients presenting with neurological disease, the use of tetrathiomolybdate is optimum; for patients presenting with mild-to-moderate hepatic failure, a combination of trientine (Syprine, Merck) and zinc is recommended, whereas liver transplantation is necessary for those with severe failure; zinc therapy alone or trientine alone as second choice is recommended for patients presenting with hepatitis or cirrhosis without liver failure, for maintenance therapy, for treatment of presymptomatic patients and for treatment of paediatric and pregnant patients.
Ultra compact multi-sector antenna system using retro-directive array concept (2011)

In this article a very compact antenna system allowing simultaneous activation of a pre-defined number of sectors is presented. The design approach is based on using multiple retro-directive arrays co-localized in the near field of feeding sources. Parametric study in the 5 GHz WiFi frequency band of such an antenna system shows a very compact design of a 4-sectors antenna system with typically 10 dB directivity for each sector, which is well suited for integration in WiFi embedded home devices such as Set Top Boxes and Home Gateways.
Discovery of a Lead Triphenylethanamine Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Inhibitor (2019)

Lead optimization of the diphenylpyridylethanamine (DPPE) and triphenylethanamine (TPE) series of CETP inhibitors to improve their pharmaceutical profile is described. Polar groups at the <i>N</i>-terminus position in the DPPE series resulted in further improvement in potency and pharmaceutical properties concomitant with retaining the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. A structure-activity relationship observed in the DPPE series was extended to the corresponding analogs in the more potent TPE series, and further optimization resulted in the identification of 2-amino-<i>N</i>-((<i>R</i>)-1-(3-cyclopropoxy-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl)-2-phenylethyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)butanamide (<b>13</b>). Compound <b>13</b> demonstrated no significant changes in either mean arterial blood pressure or heart rate in telemetry rats, had an excellent PK profile, and demonstrated robust efficacy in human CETP/apo-B-100 dual transgenic mice and in hamsters.
Oxygen Gettering Cap to Scavenge Parasitic Oxide Interlayer in TiSi Contacts (2019)

Presence of a native oxide interlayer degrades seriously the contact resistivity (ρc) of co-deposited TiSi (CD-TiSi) on Si:P. The oxide cannot be scavenged by the CD-TSi due to its low solid solubility of O. We tackle the problem by capping the CD-TiSi with an O gettering cap. Utilizing a Ti cap and two-step post-metal rapid thermal anneal, we reduce the ρc of the CD-TiSi on 2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> doped Si:P by -3 times, down to -2 ×10-9 Ω· cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . We also demonstrate efficiency of a La cap to scavenge the oxide.
The milli-Newton µHEMPT as Potential Main Thruster for Small Satellites (2017)

In the last years, small satellites become more important due to the continuing miniaturisation of key technology. Due to the constraining mass requirements of small satellites, electric propulsion with its high propellant-to-thrust ratio offers several advantages. Airbus DS in Friedrichshafen performs a downscaling of the HEMPT principle to the micro-Newton regime and additionally developed a mN-µHEMPT which can be operated towards 10 mN. The mN-µHEMPT performance was characterised by direct thrust measurement as well as an indirect thrust measurement using a retarding potential analyser and Faraday cup at the AirbusDS test facility.
Hot Glue Gun Releasing Biocompatible Tissue Adhesive (2019)

Abstract Tissue bioadhesives are widely used in dermatology, surgery rooms, and in the field. Despite their advantages over sutures and staples, currently available tissue glues are limited by their mechanical properties and toxicity. Here, a new approach is described for wound closure that is based on a biocompatible, low melting point four‐armed N ‐hydroxy succinimide‐modified polycaprolactone (star‐PCL‐NHS). Star‐PCL‐NHS is inserted into a hot melt glue gun, melts upon minimal pressure, and is extruded directly onto the wound, where it solidifies, bonding strongly with both edges of the wound. Changes in molecular weight allow control of adhesive strength, melting point, and elasticity properties. In vitro and in vivo evaluations confirm the biocompatibility of this system. The straightforward synthetic scheme and the simple delivery method, combined with the desirable mechanical properties, tunability, and tissue compatibility, are desirable traits in wound management.
Essential Framework Design Patterns (2001)

. Most excellent object-oriented frameworks are still the product of a more or less chaotic development process, typically carried out in the realm of research-like settings. This contribution first discusses the few essential framework construction principles. Frameworks represent a generic solution for a particular domain and enable the exploitation of the full potential of object-oriented software construction: Not only source code and single components but also architectural design is reused. Adaptation takes place at points of predefined refinement that we call hot
Tetramer based approach for efficient identification and isolation of neo-antigen specific CD8 T cells from peripheral blood (PBL) of patients with metastatic cancers (2015)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive cell therapy with T cells bearing mutation specific T cell receptors (TCR) can be an effective method for treating metastatic cancers. The objective of this study was to identify mutation reactive T cells in the circulation of patients with different types of metastatic
When Coordination Polymers Meet Wood: From Molecular Design toward Sustainable Solar Desalination (2023)

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation harnessing solar energy on a water surface provides a sustainable and economic means to efficiently capture freshwater from nontraditional water sources. Endowed with a hierarchical porous structure and mechanical stability, wood-based evaporators represent a renewable alternative to petroleum-based materials. Nonetheless, incidental inferiorities of a low evaporation rate and weak interfacial strength are challenging to overcome. Herein, we propose the usage of chemically stable coordination polymers (Ni-dithiooxamidato, Ni-DTA) as hydrophilic photothermal nanomaterials for the molecular design of robust wood-based evaporators with improved performance. <i>In situ</i> synthesis of Ni-DTA onto the channel wall of balsawood provides sufficient photothermal domains that localize the converted energy for facilitated interfacial evaporation. A rational control of methanol/dimethylformamide ratios enables the coexistence of 1D-nanofibers and 0D-nanoparticles, endowing Balsa-NiDTA with a high evaporation rate of 2.75 kg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> and an energy efficiency of 82% under one-sun illumination. Experimental and simulation results reveal that Ni-DTA polymers with strong hydration ability decrease the equivalent evaporation enthalpy induced by decreased H-bonding density of water molecules near the evaporation interface. The Balsa-NiDTA evaporator showed a high chemical stability, mainly due to the robust Ni-S/Ni-N bonds and the superior cellulose affinity of Ni-DTA. Furthermore, the Balsa-NiDTA evaporator shows an excellent antibacterial activity and low oil-fouling propensity. This work presents a facile and mild strategy to design chemically stable wood-based evaporators, contributing to highly efficient and sustainable solar desalination under harsh conditions.
Imidazole Chemistry in Crop Protection (2021)

An overview is given of the significance of the imidazole scaffold in crop protection chemistry.The main herbicidally, fungicidally and insecticidally active imidazole classes are presented, together with their synthesis routes, modes of action and biological efficacies.Also, partially and fully saturated imidazole derivatives, such as imidazolines and imidazolidines, oxygenated derivatives, such as imidazolinones and hydantoins as well as annulated derivatives, such as benzimidazoles, are covered.In addition, also the role of imidazoles as intermediates or reagents in the synthesis of other agrochemicals is reported.
Pulmonary artery catheter use in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a retrospective, cohort study (2018)

The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02964026) on November 15, 2016.
Failure of rituximab is associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphoma‐type post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (2020)

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) may arise after solid organ transplantation, and the most common subtype resembles diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In DLBCL-type PTLD, the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (R) may be combined with chemotherapy (R-CHOP) or use a strategy (R-primary; similar to the PTLD-1 clinical trial) consisting of induction with four weekly doses of R-alone, without any chemotherapy or sequential R-CHOP follow-up. Here we report on a multicentre retrospective cohort of solid organ transplant patients with DLBCL-type PTLD that were treated with R. In 168 adults, two-year overall survival (OS) was 63·7% [95% CI (confidence interval) 56·6-71·7%]. No difference in OS was observed, whether patients were treated with R-CHOP versus the R-primary strategy. In the 109 patients treated with R-primary, multivariate analysis found that baseline IPI score and the response to R-induction predicted OS. Patients who responded to R-induction had durable remissions without the addition of chemotherapy. Conversely, of the 46 patients who had stable or progressive disease after R-induction (R-failure), those who received R-CHOP had an only marginally improved outcome, with a two-year OS of 45% (23·1-65·3%) vs. no R-CHOP at 32% (14·7-49·8%). In real-world patients, R-failure and high IPI scores predict a poor outcome in DLBCL-type PTLD.
Design enablement for yield and area optimization at 20 nm and below (2011)

There are challenges at 20nm and below to maintain node to node area reduction and also enable a fast yield ramp and high yield to enable cost scaling. GLOBALFOUNDRIES uses special constructs to reduce cell area along with rule based, model based and pattern based design for manufacturing (feed back from manufacturing to design) and design enabled manufacturing (feed forward from design to manufacturing) in order to achieve these goals.
Skills Diagnosis Using IRT‐Based Continuous Latent Trait Models (2007)

This article summarizes the continuous latent trait IRT approach to skills diagnosis as particularized by a representative variety of continuous latent trait models using item response functions (IRFs). First, several basic IRT‐based continuous latent trait approaches are presented in some detail. Then a brief summary of estimation, model checking, and assessment scoring aspects are discussed. Finally, the University of California at Berkeley multidimensional Rasch‐model‐grounded SEPUP middle school science‐focused embedded assessment project is briefly described as one significant illustrative application.
“Omics” Technologies and the Immune System (2006)

Recent advances in genomics-based identification of gene families and gene polymorphisms associated with immune system dysfunction have answered basic questions in immunology and have begun to move forward our understanding of immune-related disease processes. In toxicology, "omic" technologies have the potential to replace or supplement current immunotoxicological screening procedures, to provide insight into potential mode or mechanisms of action, and to provide data suitable for risk assessment. The application of omic technologies to the study of the immune system also has great potential to appreciably impact the diagnosis and treatment of immune-related diseases. This review focuses on the use of omic technologies in immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, specifically considering the potential for these technologies to impact chemical hazard identification, risk characterization and risk assessment, and the development and application of novel therapeutics. The state of the science of omics technologies and the immune system is addressed in terms of a continuum of understanding of how omics technologies can and cannot yet be applied in the various aspects of immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology. Additionally, information gaps are identified that, once addressed, will move each area further down the continuum of understanding.
Photovoltaic and field effect transistor performance of selenophene and thiophene diketopyrrolopyrrole co-polymers with dithienothiophene (2012)

Here we report the synthesis of two new alternating co-polymers of thiophene and selenophene flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole with dithienothiophene. We find that the inclusion of the rigid fused dithienothiophene co-monomer affords semi-crystalline polymers, that exhibit promising ambipolar field effect transistor performance, with hole mobilities up to 0.23 cm2 V−1 s−1. The selenophene containing co-polymer exhibits a reduced band gap compared to the thiophene co-polymer, as a result of stabilisation of the polymer LUMO and destabilisation of the HOMO. The thiophene co-polymer exhibits promising solar cell performance in blends with PC71BM, with device efficiencies up to 5.1%.
Fault tolerance for nanotechnology devices at the bit and module levels with history index of correct computation (2011)

Future nano-scale devices are expected to shrink to ever smaller dimensions, to operate at low voltages and high frequencies, to be more sensitive to environmental influences and to be characterised by high dynamic fault rates and defect densities. Fundamentally new fault-tolerant architectures are required in order to produce reliable systems that will operate correctly. Simple replication of micro-architecture blocks will no longer suffice, as all replicated blocks will have faults. The history index of correct computation (HICC) is examined in a recursive and non-recursive fault-tolerant approach at the bit and module levels to identify reliable blocks on-the-fly and forward their computation results, while ignoring results from unreliable blocks. Simulation results show that recursive and non-recursive HICC offers the best resilience to faults when faults are non-uniformly distributed among redundant blocks. A correct computation rate of 99% is achieved using the recursive HICC when decision units at the bit and module levels are fault free, despite an average fault injection rate of 20% compared to a 68% correct computation rate for the recursive triple modular redundancy voter. When faults are injected everywhere in the design, the non-recursive HICC supports the best correct computation percentage. The effect of circuit size and history indices are also examined and discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis via Vinyl Sulfones. Part 76. Triflone Chemistry. Part 11. Use of Allylic Triflones for Allylation of C—H Bonds. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A multi-Gbit/s optical LAN utilizing a passive WDM star: towards an experimental prototype (2002)

The goals and basic node configuration of STARNET, an optical broadband local area network based on a physical passive star topology, are presented. Over a single physical network, STARNET offers all users both a moderate-speed packet network and a high-speed WDM circuit interconnect. Several topological and protocol solutions based on these two data transport facilities are available to the users. An ongoing experimental effort aimed at the realization of a STARNET prototype is described. The prototype nodes are FDDI and SONET OC-48 data-format-compatible. The first four network layers will be fully implemented and the nodes will serve high performance workstations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Near-Field Second-Harmonic Generation Induced by Local Field Enhancement (2003)

The field near a sharp metal tip can be strongly enhanced if irradiated with an optical field polarized along the tip axis. We demonstrate that the enhanced field gives rise to local second-harmonic (SH) generation at the tip surface thereby creating a highly confined photon source. A theoretical model for the excitation and emission of SH radiation at the tip is developed and it is found that this source can be represented by a single on-axis oscillating dipole. The model is experimentally verified by imaging the spatial field distribution of strongly focused laser modes.
Automated placement of transducers for active noise control: performance measures (2002)

In our previous work, we developed a new actuator placement algorithm that is capable of selecting the best actuators for active noise control problems over a broadband of frequencies. The actuator selection algorithm is based on a novel extension of the Householder QR subset selection algorithm. In this paper, we improve our algorithm by incorporating seven new measures of actuator performance. The new measures, based on different matrix norms and functions of the actuator frequency responses, yield active noise control systems with improved performance and robustness.
Unexpected Formation of Pyrrolo[2,1- b]thiazoles by Rearrangement of a-Hydroxydihydro-1,4-thiazines (2002)

A new synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles (5) is described.Hydrolysis of acetoxy dihydro-1,4-thiazine (2) prepared by Pummerer reaction of dihydro-1,4-thiazine sulfoxide gave the intermediate α-hydroxy sulfide (4).Dehydration of 4 gave pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles (5).The reaction mechanism for the formation of 5 including the intermediate thiol (6) is discussed.For the purpose of the development of a new class of α,β-unsaturated carboxanilide agrochemical fungicide 1 we reported a synthesis of 1,4-thiazine carboxanilide (3) through Pummerer reaction of dihydro-1,4-thiazine sulfoxide (1). 2 An unexpected pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole derivative (5) was isolated as a minor product during the final step of the reaction.
OperA and Brahms: a symphony? 1 Integrating Organizational and Emergent Views on Agent-Based Modeling (2008)

Abstract. The organizational view on work systems focuses on the desired outcomes of work, while the emergent view focuses on how the work actually gets done. Often a gap exists between these two, because workers pursue individual objectives in addition to the organizational objectives. Agent-based simulations can be used to improve work practice and thereby organizational performance. Current modeling and simulation frameworks only represent either one of the two views. In order to model both views, we propose an integration of two modeling and simulation frameworks, OperA and Brahms. Using the integrated model, we are able to run simulations that show to what degree the actual work practice differs from the organizational objectives. 1.