gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Phagocytosis ofCandidaSpecies Mediated by Opsonization with a Recombinant Human Antibody Single-Chain Variable Fragment (2003)

Specific antibody opsonization significantly enhances the level of phagocytosis of Candida in the absence of complement. Furthermore, we have described a system using a recombinant human antibody single-chain variable fragment that allows a comparative study of phagocytosis of multiple Candida species opsonized via a common antigen.
A vibrating beam MEMS accelerometer for gravity and seismic measurements (2020)

This paper introduces a differential vibrating beam MEMS accelerometer demonstrating excellent long-term stability for applications in gravimetry and seismology. The MEMS gravimeter module demonstrates an output Allan deviation of 9 μGal for a 1000 s integration time, a noise floor of 100 μGal/√Hz, and measurement over the full ±1 g dynamic range (1 g = 9.81 ms<sup>-2</sup>). The sensitivity of the device is demonstrated through the tracking of Earth tides and recording of ground motion corresponding to a number of teleseismic events over several months. These results demonstrate that vibrating beam MEMS accelerometers can be employed for measurements requiring high levels of stability and resolution with wider implications for precision measurement employing other resonant-output MEMS devices such as gyroscopes and magnetometers.
Phase Structures, Transition Behaviors, and Surface Alignment in Polymers Containing Rigid-Rodlike Backbones with Flexible Side Chains. 1. Monotropic Phase Behavior in a Main-Chain/Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polyester (1997)

A series of polyesters, which are comprised of aromatic main chain backbones and flexible aliphatic side chains with 4-cyanobiphenyl end groups, has been synthesized based on a polycondensation of 2,2‘-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4‘-biphenyldiyldicarbonyl chloride with 2,2‘-bis{ω-[(4-(4-cyanophenyl)phenoxy]-n-alkoxy)carbonyl]}-4,4‘-biphenyldiol (PEFBP). For a PEFBP polyester containing eleven methylene units in the side chains, PEFBP(n = 11), multiple phase transitions can be found via differential scanning calorimetry during cooling and heating at varying rates. Different phase structures are identified by wide-angle X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction experiments, while morphologies of these ordered states are observed by polarized light and transmission electron microscopy. During cooling, a high temperature nematic (N) phase is formed at 193 °C independent of the cooling rate due to the combined orientational order of the cyanobiphenyl groups in the side chains and the aromatic polyester backbones. At a temperature of 90 °C, a new ordered low-temperature phase with an orthorhombic lattice (KO) starts to form at a cooling rate equal to or slower than 10 °C/min. However, the formation temperature of this phase is too close to the glass transition temperature (60 °C) to proceed to completion. Only at very slow heating rates (e.g., 1 °C/min), can the KO phase further develop. This phase melts at around 120 °C during heating and returns to the N phase. A new crystalline phase with a triclinic lattice at high temperatures (KT1) appears at 130 °C. It then transfers to a second triclinic crystalline phase (KT2). This KT2 phase melts at around 180 °C and, again, returns to the N phase. At 193 °C, isotropization occurs. This complicated phase behavior can be explained by the monotropic origin of the KO and KT1 phases with respect to the KT2 phase, which are metastable in the whole temperature region.
Real-time arbitrary-view acquisition system by using random access IBR camera array (2003)

Image-based rendering (IBR) is a powerful tool for synthesizing arbitrary-views of a real scene. So far, almost all the IBR researches are limited to static scenes because of the difficulty in simultaneously capturing a dynamic scene by a number of cameras. Although IBR needs many images of the real scene from different view positions, only a small number of pixels per each image are used for the synthesis. We propose a capturing system for real-time IBR for dynamic scenes, which uses special random access image sensors. In the proposed system, image sensors selectively outputs pixels that are required for synthesis and the selection of the pixels are dynamically changed according to the position of the virtual view. We designed and prototyped CMOS random access image sensors for the real-time IBR. By using sixteen of those sensors, we build a random access IBR camera array system. In this paper, we describe the design and the experimental results of the camera array system.
Manganese(I)‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of the C=C Bond in Conjugated Ketones at Room Temperature (2023)

Chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of C=C bond in α,β-unsaturated ketones is demonstrated at room temperature employing a manganese(I) catalyst and half an equivalent of ammonia-borane (H<sub>3</sub> N-BH<sub>3</sub> ). A series of mixed-donor pincer-ligated Mn(II) complexes, (<sup>tBu2</sup> PN<sup>3</sup> N<sup>Pyz</sup> )MnX<sub>2</sub> [κ<sup>P</sup> ,κ<sup>N</sup> ,κ<sup>N</sup> -(N-(di-tert-butylphosphaneyl)-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-2-amine)MnX<sub>2</sub> ] {X=Cl (Mn2), X=Br (Mn3), X=I (Mn4)} were synthesized and characterized. Amongst the Mn(II) complexes, (Mn2, Mn3, Mn4) and Mn(I) complex, (<sup>tBu2</sup> PN<sup>3</sup> N<sup>Pyz</sup> )Mn(CO)<sub>2</sub> Br (Mn1) screened; the Mn1 acts as an efficient catalyst for the chemoselective C=C bond reduction in α,β-unsaturated ketones. Various synthetically important functionalities like halides, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, benzyloxy, nitro, amine, and unconjugated alkene and alkyne groups, including heteroarenes, were compatible and provided saturated ketones in excellent yields (up to 97 %). A preliminary mechanistic study highlighted the crucial role of metal-ligand (M-L) cooperation through the dearomatization-aromatization process in catalyst Mn1 for the chemoselective C=C bond transfer hydrogenation.
Multiobjective guided priors improve the accuracy of near-infrared spectral tomography for breast imaging (2016)

An image reconstruction regularization approach for magnetic resonance imaging-guided near-infrared spectral tomography has been developed to improve quantification of total hemoglobin (HbT) and water. By combining prior information from dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) and diffusion weighted (DW) MR images, the absolute bias errors of HbT and water in the tumor were reduced by 22% and 18%, 21% and 6%, and 10% and 11%, compared to that in the no-prior, DCE- or DW-guided reconstructed images in three-dimensional simulations, respectively. In addition, the apparent contrast values of HbT and water were increased in patient image reconstruction from 1.4 and 1.4 (DCE) or 1.8 and 1.4 (DW) to 4.6 and 1.6.
Multi-target threat assessment for automotive applications (2011)

Auto-brake systems have been on the market for a few years, but in order to continue improving their performance, multi-target threat assessment is a key component. The goal is to early be able to say that a collision can no longer be avoided by a steering maneuver, and thus braking can be started earlier. This is done by looking at all objects in the road scene, including other vehicles and barriers, and then looking for escape paths. The paper presents a computationally efficient way of determining whether an escape path can be found in a scenario with generally positioned objects, given the limited dynamics of the vehicle.
A kinetic investigation of polyurethane polymerization for reactive extrusion purposes (2006)

Abstract The effects of the reaction conditions on the kinetics of two different polyurethane systems were investigated. To do so, three different kinetic methods were compared: adiabatic temperature rise (ATR), measurement kneader, and high‐temperature measurements. For the first polyurethane system, consisting of 4,4‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4‐MDI), butane diol, and a polyester polyol, the reaction conditions did not seem to matter; a kinetically controlled reaction was implicated for all reaction conditions. The reaction was second order in isocyanate concentration and 0.5th order in catalyst concentration and had an activation energy of 52 kJ/mol. The second polyurethane system consisted of a mixture of 2,4‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 4,4‐MDI, methyl propane diol, and a polyester polyol. For this system, each of the three measurement methods showed different behavior. Only at a low catalyst concentration did the ATR experiments show catalyst dependence; at higher catalyst levels and for the other two measurement methods, no catalyst dependence was present. Furthermore, the ATR experiments proceeded much faster. Presumably, for this system, the rapid diffusion interfacial of the species present was hindered by the presence of bulky oligomer molecules. The result was a diffusion limitation reaction at low conversions and an inhomogeneous distribution of species at higher conversions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 370–382, 2006
Small aperture microphone arrays (2015)

Superdirectional microphone arrays are arrays that are typically smaller than the acoustic wavelength and attain directional gains that exceed those of a classical delay-sum beamformer. Early superdirectional microphones utilized a combination of a velocity microphone along with a pressure microphone. Later, a single sensor superdirectional microphone was discovered that utilized the combination of pressure and pressure-difference (which is proportional to the acoustic particle velocity) through appropriate porting of the incident acoustic field to both sides of the microphone diaphragm. In the early 1980s, with the advent of multichannel FFT analyzers, there was a renewed interest in using superdirectional microphone arrays to estimate the acoustic intensity and to calculate the acoustic power flow from sources. The estimation of the vector acoustic intensity led to many transducer designs that utilized up to 6 pressure microphones and commensurate signal processing. In this talk we will show some of the early acoustic intensity probes that were designed to estimate the acoustic intensity. These small arrays have been utilized in many other beamforming applications. We will show one where a superdirectional beamformer is also capable of source direction finding by utilizing some simple adaptive beamformer implementations.
Addressing Medical Device Challenges with Drug–Device Combinations (2015)

Implanted medical devices (IMDs) comprising synthetic biomaterials have seen exponential growth in their applications and clinical use over the past five decades. New IMDs continue to offer improved treatment alternatives for cardiovascular, orthopedic, oncologic, and many other diseases. Drug-device combination products represent relatively new device class among implantable medical devices, one that is drawing increasing attention from both the pharmaceutical and device manufacturing industries and the clinicians to address several long-standing problems associated with IMDs. This chapter describes combination device approaches in the context of the current medical device and implant challenges in host tissue sites. All implantable devices-from short-term devices, such as contact lens, glucose sensors, urinary catheters, and endotracheal tubes, to long-term surgically implanted devices, such as pacemakers, cardiac valves, endothelial grafts, and orthopedic implants, suffer commonly from varying risks of biomaterials-associated infections (BAIs) or implant-associated infections.
Innentitelbild: Design and Synthesis of a Homogeneous Erythropoietin Analogue with Two Human Complex‐Type Sialyloligosaccharides: Combined Use of Chemical and Bacterial Protein Expression Methods (Angew. Chem. 50/2009) (2009)

Das Bioengineering von Proteinen mithilfe von Säugerzellen hat die Entwicklung potenzieller pharmazeutischer Erythropoietine (EPOs) mit N-verknüpften Oligosacchariden erleichtert. In der Zuschrift auf S. 9721 ff. berichten Y. Kajihara et al. über die chemische Synthese eines homogenen bioaktiven EPO-Analogons durch native chemische Ligation zwischen einem synthetischen Glycopeptid-α-thioester mit zwei Sialyloligosacchariden und einer großen Polypeptidkette, die in E. coli exprimiert wurde.
Synthesis of (-)-Tabtoxinine-β-lactam, the Phytotoxin of Tobacco Wildfire Disease (2007)

Synthesis of (-)-tabtoxinine-β-lactam and its (3R)-isomer, the cause of tobacco wildfire disease, was achieved from l-serine using a zinc-mediated coupling reaction, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and lactamization of β-mesyloxy benzylhydroxamate amide as the key steps.
COSMA - multi-participant NL interaction for appointment scheduling (1994)

We discuss the use of NL systems in the domain of appointment scheduling. Appointment scheduling is a problem faced daily by many people and organizations, and typically solved using communication in natural language. In general, cooperative interaction between several participants is required whose calendar data are distributed rather than centralized. In this distributed multi-agent environment, the use of NL systems makes it possible for machines and humans to cooperate in solving scheduling problems. We describe the COSMA (Cooperative Schedule Managament Agent) system, a secretarial assistant for appointment scheduling. A central part of COSMA is the reusable NL core system DISCO, which serves, in this application, as an NL interface between an appointment planning system and the human user. COSMA is fully implemented in Common Lisp and runs on Unix Workstations. Our experience with COSMA shows that it is a plausible and useful application for NL systems. However, the appointment planner was not designed for NL communication and thus makes strong assumptions about sequencing of domain actions and about the error-freeness of the communication. We suggest that further improvements of the overall COSMA functionality, especially with regard to flexibility and robustness, be based on a modified architecture.
Study protocol for assessment of the coagulation potential of concomitantly used factor VIII concentrates in patients with haemophilia A with emicizumab prophylaxis (CAGUYAMA Study): a multicentre open-label non-randomised clinical trial (2023)

jRCTs051210137.
Action video game play facilitates “learning to learn” (2021)

Previous work has demonstrated that action video game training produces enhancements in a wide range of cognitive abilities. Here we evaluate a possible mechanism by which such breadth of enhancement could be attained: that action game training enhances learning rates in new tasks (i.e., "learning to learn"). In an initial controlled intervention study, we show that individuals who were trained on action video games subsequently exhibited faster learning in the two cognitive domains that we tested, perception and working memory, as compared to individuals who trained on non-action games. We further confirmed the causal effect of action video game play on learning ability in a pre-registered follow-up study that included a larger number of participants, blinding, and measurements of participant expectations. Together, this work highlights enhanced learning speed for novel tasks as a mechanism through which action video game interventions may broadly improve task performance in the cognitive domain.
Photoaffinity labeling of mammalian. cap alpha. /sub 1/-adrenergic receptors: identification of the ligand binding subunit with a high affinity radioiodinated probe. [Rats, guinea pigs, rabbits] (1984)

A description is given of the synthesised and characterization of a novel high affinity radioiodinated ..cap alpha../sub 1/-adrenergic receptor photoaffinity probe, 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-(5-(4-azido-3-(/sup 125/I)iodophenyl)pentanoyl)-1-piperazinyl) quinazoline. In the absence of light, this ligand binds with high affinity (K/sub d/ = 130 pm) in a reverisble and saturable manner to sites in rat hepatic plasma membranes. The binding is stereoselective and competitively inhibited by adrenergic agonists and antagonists with an ..cap alpha../sub 1/-adrenergic specificity. Upon photolysis, this ligand incorporates irreversibly into plasma membranes prepared from several mammalian tissues including rat liver, rat, guinea pig, and rabbit spleen, rabbit lung, and rabbit aorta vascular smooth muscle cells, also with typical ..cap alpha../sub 1/-adrenergic specificity. Autoradiograms of such membrane samples subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveal a major specifically labeled polypeptide at M/sub 4/ = 78,000-85,000, depending on the tissue used, in addition to some lower molecular weight peptides. Protease inhibitors, in particular EDTA, a metalloprotease inhibitor, dramatically increases the predominance of the M/sub r/ = 78,000-85,000 polypeptide while attenuating the labeling of the lower molecular weight bands. This new high affinity radioiodinated photoaffinity probe should be of great value for the molecular characterization of the ..cap alpha../sub 1/-adrenergic receptor.
Photonic-Crystal Scintillators: Molding the Flow of Light to Enhance X-Ray and γ-Ray Detection (2020)

Scintillators are central for detection of γ-ray, x-ray, and high energy particles in various applications, all seeking higher scintillation yield and rate. However, these are limited by the intrinsic isotropy of spontaneous emission of the scintillation light and its inefficient outcoupling. We propose a new design methodology for scintillators that exploits the Purcell effect to enhance their light emission. As examples, we show 1D photonic crystals from scintillator materials that achieve directional emission and fivefold enhancement in the number of detectable photons per excitation.
Synthesis and Stability of a Nanoparticle-Infiltrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode (2007)

Nanoparticulate catalysts infiltrated into SOFC (Solid Oxide FUel Cell) electrodes can significantly enhance the cell performance, but the stability of these electrodes has been an open issue. An infiltration procedure is reported that leads to a stable scandia-stablized zirconia (SSZ) cathode electrode performance.
Volume CT for Diagnosis of Nodules Found in Lung-Cancer Screening (2009)

Lung cancer, the most lethal type of cancer, accounted for more than 159,000 deaths in 2009 in the United States alone,1 and the annual number of new cases is expected to exceed 338,000 by 2030.2 Smoking-cessation and other tobacco-control measures have succeeded in reducing the consumption of tobacco products — a considerable public health benefit.1 Nevertheless, 43 million Americans continue to smoke, and there are more than 43 million former smokers3 who have an elevated risk of lung cancer for the remainder of their lives.4 In the past few years, a number of trials involving lung-cancer screening with the use . . .
Piezoelectric boundary acoustic waves: Their underlying physics and applications (2008)

This paper reviews physical properties of piezoelectric boundary acoustic waves (PBAWs) and their application to miniature and high performance RF filters. First, basic properties of PBAWs are discussed. It is shown that PBAWs are supported in various structures provided that highly piezoelectric material(s) are employed as structural member(s). For example, PBAWs are trapped near the electrode region in the SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /heavy grating electrode/rot. YX-LN structure. This means that PBAW properties in the structure are independent of the SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> layer thickness. This is a significant advantage for mass production. Rot. YX-LN possesses piezoelectric coupling with the Rayleigh-type PBAW as well as the SH-type one. It is shown that the coupling can be negligible when the device structure is properly designed. The PBAW devices employing SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /Au electrodes/0–15°YX-LN are now being mass-produced. Because of the removed cavity from the chip surface, the packaged device size can be reduced dramatically. The minimum insertion loss achieved is comparable to that of conventional SAW filters in a relatively large device size. The SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> layer is effective in achieving the improved temperature coefficient of frequency.
Could We Know epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid Level During Cardiopulmonary Bypass? (1998)

Our study was designed primarily to measure plasma epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) levels during cardiac surgery becauseit was unknown how measured levels would compare with the EACA concentration previously reported to inhibit fibrinolysis in vitro. This study was not designed to evaluate the association between EACA levels and the activated clotting time (ACT) or platelet-activated clotting time (PACT). Nor was it designed to have sufficient power to rigorously evaluate possible predictors of postoperative bleeding, e.g., EACA levels, PACT, ACT, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, etc. The inclusion of ACT or PACT measurements would not have provided information relevant to our primary objective. Of note, it is unclear whether measurement of PACT is superior to conventional tests with regard to prediction of postoperative bleeding [1,2]. We agree with Dr. Celebioglu that, at the present time, the measurement of plasma EACA levels does not have a clinical application. Elliott Bennett-Guerrero, MD Michael G. Mythen, MD Department of Anesthesiology; Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029
An introduction to the principles and applications of holography (1971)

Holography has strong historical ties with electrical engineering and potential application to many electrical engineering problems. The basic problem addressed by holography is introduced in both physical and mathematical terms. The analogy between the hologram of a point-source object and the linear FM signals of chirp radar is stressed, and the first-order imaging properties of holograms recorded in arbitrary geometries are derived. Various types of holograms are described, including thin, thick, transmission, reflection, amplitude, and phase holograms. The important properties of each type of hologram are introduced. A survey of various applications of holography is presented, with introductions to the use of holography in interferometry, microscopy, imaging through distorting media, optical data processing, and optical data storage. The use of simple holograms as optical elements is also described.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 4 from PD-1 and Tim-3 Regulate the Expansion of Tumor Antigen–Specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Induced by Melanoma Vaccines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 292K, Supplementary Figure S1. Phenotype of vaccine-induced NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cells. Supplementary Figure S2. Cytokine production, cytotoxic potential and cytolytic capacities of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells following immunization in patients with spontaneous TA-specific CD8+ T cell responses before vaccination. Supplementary Figure S3. PD-1 and Tim-3 blockades increase the proliferation of vaccine-inducedNY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure S4. PD-1 and Tim-3 blockades increase the expansion of vaccine-induced cytokine-producing NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells.&lt;/p&gt;