gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Do we still need formocresol in pediatric dentistry? (2005)

Most pediatric dentists in the United Kingdom and North America1,2 use formocresol pulpotomy for vital primary pulp therapy. In the United Kingdom, 54% of pediatric dentists reported concerns about possible sensitization, toxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic effects of formocresol; 42% of specialists surveyed in 2002 were considering changing their pulp technique to avoid formocresol.1 We performed a telephone survey of directors of Canadian pediatric dentistry programs to determine undergraduate teaching for management of vital primary pulps. The formocresol pulpotomy, one-fifth dilution or full-strength, continues to be the standard for didactic and clinical training of Canadian undergraduates. Although many programs provide didactic instruction in alternative techniques, fewer than a third offer clinical exposure to nonaldehyde methods. One program does not offer didactic or clinical training in formocresol pulpotomy. Clinicians who are considering alternatives to formocresol use in pediatric dentistry will benefit from this review of clinical investigations. Alternatives to the formocresol pulpotomy should demonstrate equivalent efficacy in well-designed clinical trials and reduce safety concerns through the use of nonaldehyde alternatives. Concerns about Formocresol Concerns about the safety of formocresol have been appearing in the dental and medical literature for more than 20 years.3–7 Cresol is locally destructive to vital tissue, but its potential for systemic distribution following pulpotomy treatment is negligible.8,9 The major concern has been with the formaldehyde component of formocresol. Although a 1:5 dilution of formocresol is specified in undergraduate curricula, most (78%) American pediatric dentists who use formocresol in primary tooth pulpotomy use it at full strength (19% or 48.5% formaldehyde). Only 2% of American pediatric dentists use a predictably accurate dilution of formocresol.10 Formaldehyde has been shown to be distributed systemically after pulpotomy. Up to 10% of the formaldehyde from a formocresol pulpotomy was absorbed systemically in dogs.11 In a separate study, radioactively labelled formaldehyde was distributed throughout the viscera of rats following formocresol pulpotomy in a single molar.12 At least 3 areas of concern have been reported with regard to formocresol: mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and immune sensitization. Antibody formation leading to immune sensitization to formaldehyde after formocresol pulpotomy has been demonstrated in dogs.13 Mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of formaldehyde exposure were demonstrated in Dr. Casas E-mail: mcasas@sickkids.ca Contact Author Do We Still Need Formocresol in Pediatric Dentistry?
Free Solution Assay Signal Modulation in Variable-Stem-Length Hairpin Aptamers (2020)

Interferometric measurements of free solution assays (FSAs) quantify changes in molecular conformation and hydration upon binding. Here, we demonstrate that aptamer probes designed to undergo varying levels of conformational change upon binding produce corresponding variations in FSA signals. A series of hairpin aptamers were synthesized for the small molecule (tenofovir) with identical loop regions that contain the binding pocket, with between 2 and 10 self-associating base pairings in the stem region. Aptamers selected for tenofovir showed a decrease in the FSA signal and binding affinity (increase in KD) with increasing stem length. Thermodynamic calculations of the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) reported a decrease in ΔG with respect to a corresponding increase in the aptamer stem length. Collectively, these observations provide an expanded understanding of FSA and demonstrate the potential for the rational design of label-free aptamer beacons using FSA as readout.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Biology of the 2β‐Alkyl‐3β‐phenyl Analogues of Cocaine: Subnanomolar Affinity Ligands that Suggest a New Pharmacophore Model at the C‐2 Position. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integrating Solid State Protection with a RF-MEMS Switch for Achieving ESD Robustness (2019)

The RF-MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical System) switch brings together the benefit of 0 Hz/DC precision and wideband RF performance in a small, surface-mountable form factor. The ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) sensitivity of this device can be a barrier for the adoption of RF-MEMS switches in certain applications, as sensitivity of this type of device to damage during assembly and end-application handling can be pervasive. This paper addresses this limitation in RF-MEMS applications, while preserving the benefits of the RF-MEMS performance, by integrating in a SIP (system-in-a-package) optimized RF solid-state ESD protection elements along with the RF switch. This is demonstrated with a device achieving insertion loss of -0.5 dB at 6 GHz with a -3 dB bandwidth of up to 13 GHz. Isolation performance of -20 dB is also demonstrated at 6 GHz. The integrated RF-MEMS SIP achieves industry leading ESD compliance levels of 3,000V HBM (Human Body Model) and 1,250V FICDM (Field-Induced Charged Device Model).
P‐201: Late‐News‐Poster: Synchronization Technique of Multi‐Chip Cascade Architecture for Automotive TDDI (2020)

TDDI (Touch and Display Driver Integration) is a device that integrates two functions into one device. One function is as display driver IC and a second function is as a touch screen controller. For scaling to larger screen sizes for automotive applications with a TDDI architecture, multiple TDDI chips are needed due to the fan out of the required signals for supporting the display and integrated touch screen. However, in the case of TDDI multi‐chip architecture, synchronization among the plurality of chips becomes the key factor in order to achieve uniform picture quality and accurate touch response. For this paper we introduce techniques for synchronization for both the display and the touch function among a plurality of chips (TDDIs). In closing we have successfully achieved a cascaded TDDI architecture by this technique for a fully integrated automotive display and touch solution.
Impact of Donor Dopamine on Immediate Graft Function after Kidney Transplantation (2004)

<h2>Abstract</h2> Optimizing medical donor management may have a considerable impact on transplantation outcome. This study investigated the effect of donor dopamine on initial graft function in renal allograft recipients, involving 254 consecutive recipients of a cadaver kidney, aged 18–74 years, transplanted between 1990 and 2003. Immunosuppression was based on cyclosporine. Patients were grouped according to donor use of dopamine during intensive care. Delayed graft function (DGF), and serial creatinine concentrations were compared between the groups. Dopamine-treated and -untreated donors were very similar regarding hemodynamics and renal function. Delayed graft function occurred in 47/158 treated and 48/96 untreated kidneys (p = 0.001). Donor dopamine was associated with a more rapid decrease of s-creatinine, which became obvious on the first postoperative day. Of patients in the treated and untreated group, respectively, 81.9% and 65.8% reached a s-creatinine level less than 2 mg/dL during the first month (p = 0.005). Donor dopamine remained predictive of a normalized s-creatinine level [HR 1.71; 95% CI 1.22–2.41] after controlling for confounding factors by multivariate Cox regression. Donor dopamine is associated with improvements of initial graft function after kidney transplantation. The beneficial effect of dopamine is achievable without side-effects for the recipients, and correlates with superior long-term graft survival.
Educational Resources Cloud Platform Based on Hadoop (2014)

As the traditional educational resources platform exists some deficiencies in storage, parallel processing, and cost, we designed a cloud platform of educational resources based on Hadoop framework.The platform applied HDFS distributed file system to store massive data distributedly and applied MapReduce distributed programming framework to process data parallelly and scheduler resources, which solved the mass storage of resources and improved the efficiency of various resources retrieval.
Null-Steering Beamformer-Based Feedback Cancellation for Multi-Microphone Hearing Aids With Incoming Signal Preservation (2019)

In hearing aids, acoustic feedback occurs due to the coupling between the hearing aid loudspeaker and microphone(s). In order to reduce the acoustic feedback, adaptive filters are commonly used to estimate the feedback contribution in the microphone(s). While theoretically allowing for perfect feedback cancellation, in practice the adaptive filter converges to an optimal solution that is typically biased due to the closed-loop acoustical system of the hearing aid. In order to avoid the adaptation to a biased optimal solution, in this paper we propose to use a fixed beamformer to cancel the acoustic feedback contribution for an earpiece with multiple integrated microphones and loudspeakers. By steering a spatial null in the direction of the hearing aid loudspeaker, we show that theoretically perfect feedback cancellation can be achieved. While previous null-steering beamforming approaches did not control for distortions of the incoming signal, in this paper we propose to incorporate a constraint based on the relative transfer function (RTF) of the incoming signal, aiming to perfectly preserve this signal. We formulate the computation of the beamformer coefficients both as a least-squares optimization procedure, aiming to minimize the residual feedback power, and as a min-max optimization procedure, aiming to directly maximize the maximum stable gain of the hearing aid. Experimental results using measured acoustic feedback paths from a custom earpiece with two microphones in the vent and a third microphone in the concha show that the proposed fixed null-steering beamformer using the RTF-based constraint provides a reduction of the acoustic feedback and substantially increases the added stable gain while preserving the incoming signal. This can even be achieved for unknown acoustic feedback paths and incoming signal directions.
The human intestinal microbiota and its relationship to energy balance (2006)

The human gut microbiota can be pictured as a microbial organ placed within a host organ: it is composed of different cell lineages that have the capacity to communicate with one another and with the host. One major function of the microbiota is to degrade complex and otherwise indigestible components of the diet, such as polysaccharides. This process results in production of short-chain fatty acids that are readily absorbed and used as an energy source by the host. Studies in gnotobiotic mouse models are providing new details about how the gut microbiota can affect how calories from the diet are harvested and stored. Abbreviations: Angpt14: angiopoietin-like protein 4; anti-s: anti-sigma; ECF-s: extracytoplasmic function-s; Fiaf: fasting-induced adipocyte factor; GF: germ free; Lpl: lipoprotein lipase
Excited-state polarizabilities and dipole moments of diphenylpolyenes and retinal (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcited-state polarizabilities and dipole moments of diphenylpolyenes and retinalMorgan Ponder and Richard MathiesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 25, 5090–5098Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150643a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j150643a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views605Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Ranger Drug-Coated Balloon: Advances in Drug-Coated Technology for Treatment of Femoropopliteal Segment Arterial Disease (2023)

Paclitaxel drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have been shown to improve patency and lower revascularization rates compared with plain old balloon angioplasty. DCBs continue to evolve by improving balloon-coating techniques that minimize the quantity of particles washed off into the bloodstream while maximizing drug retention and vascular-healing profile. Against this backdrop, it is clear that the future of antiproliferatives for the superficial femoral artery will focus on enhancements in device coating materials that will improve the efficiency of drug delivery. The Ranger DCB system recently gained US FDA approval for use. This review discusses the background of DCBs and how the Ranger DCB builds on these previous platforms based on experimental and clinical data.
Microbial community of recently discovered Auka vent field sheds light on vent biogeography and evolutionary history of thermophily (2021)

Abstract Hydrothermal vents have been key to our understanding of the limits of life, and the metabolic and phylogenetic diversity of thermophilic organisms. Here we used environmental metagenomics combined with analysis of physico-chemical data and 16S rRNA amplicons to characterize the diversity, temperature optima, and biogeographic distribution of sediment-hosted microorganisms at the recently discovered Auka vents in the Gulf of California, the deepest known hydrothermal vent field in the Pacific Ocean. We recovered 325 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) representing 54 phyla, over 1/3 of the currently known phylum diversity, showing the microbial community in Auka hydrothermal sediments is highly diverse. Large scale 16S rRNA amplicon screening of 227 sediment samples across the vent field indicates that the MAGs are largely representative of the microbial community. Metabolic reconstruction of a vent-specific, deeply branching clade within the Desulfobacterota (Tharpobacteria) suggests these organisms metabolize sulfur using novel octaheme cytochrome-c proteins related to hydroxylamine oxidoreductase. Community-wide comparison of the average nucleotide identity of the Auka MAGs with MAGs from the Guaymas Basin vent field, found 400 km to the Northwest, revealed a remarkable 20% species-level overlap between vent sites, suggestive of long-distance species transfer and sediment colonization. An adapted version of a recently developed model for predicting optimal growth temperature to the Auka and Guaymas MAGs indicates several of these uncultured microorganisms could grow at temperatures exceeding the currently known upper limit of life. Extending this analysis to reference data shows that thermophily is a trait that has evolved frequently among Bacteria and Archaea. Combined, our results show that Auka vent field offers new perspectives on our understanding of hydrothermal vent microbiology.
Improved Method for Determining the Remaining Useful Life of a Component (2021)

High value asset vehicles, or vehicles where safety/operational readiness is important, can greatly benefit from an accurate remaining useful life (RUL) estimate. For these assets, RUL allows operators to realize revenue because of improved availability. This paper uses an improved hybrid, high cycle fracture mechanics model to more accurately estimate the RUL. The hybrid method’s performance is validated using trendability and monotonicity against two existing models using a real-world data set. The improved model allows a longer time period to marshal the resources needed for repair or give operations personnel an extended window to bring other assets to cover missions that would otherwise be unavailable.
Large-scale SNP analysis reveals clustered and continuous patterns of human genetic variation (2005)

Understanding the distribution of human genetic variation is an important foundation for research into the genetics of common diseases. Some of the alleles that modify common disease risk are themselves likely to be common and, thus, amenable to identification using gene-association methods. A problem with this approach is that the large sample sizes required for sufficient statistical power to detect alleles with moderate effect make gene-association studies susceptible to false-positive findings as the result of population stratification. Such type I errors can be eliminated by using either family-based association tests or methods that sufficiently adjust for population stratification. These methods require the availability of genetic markers that can detect and, thus, control for sources of genetic stratification among populations. In an effort to investigate population stratification and identify appropriate marker panels, we have analysed 11,555 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 203 individuals from 12 diverse human populations. Individuals in each population cluster to the exclusion of individuals from other populations using two clustering methods. Higher-order branching and clustering of the populations are consistent with the geographic origins of populations and with previously published genetic analyses. These data provide a valuable resource for the definition of marker panels to detect and control for population stratification in population-based gene identification studies. Using three US resident populations (European-American, African-American and Puerto Rican), we demonstrate how such studies can proceed, quantifying proportional ancestry levels and detecting significant admixture structure in each of these populations.
Vacuum-assisted closure for open perineal wound after abdominoperineal resection (2015)

VAC therapy is a less invasive method and a useful treatment for open perineal wound of APR.
<title>Laser-induced microexplosions in transparent materials: microstructuring with nanojoules</title> (1999)

We tightly focus femtosecond laser pulses in the bulk of a transparent material. The high intensity at the focus causes nonlinear absorption of the laser energy, producing a microscopic plasma and damaging the material. The tight external focusing allows high intensity to be achieved with low energy, minimizing the effects of self-focusing. We report the thresholds for breakdown and critical self- focusing in fused silica using 110-fs pulses at both 400-nm and 800-nm wavelength. We find that permanent damage can be produced with only 10 nJ (25 nJ) for 400-m (800-nm) pulses, and that the threshold for critical self-focusing is 140 nJ for the 400-nm pulses and 580 nJ for the 800-nm pulses. The critical self-focusing thresholds are more than an order of magnitude above the breakdown thresholds, confirming that self-focusing does not play a dominant role in the damage formation. This lack of self-focusing allows a straightforward interpretation of the wavelength and bandgap dependence of bulk breakdown thresholds. The energies necessary for material damage are well within the range of a cavity-dumped oscillator, allowing for precision microstructuring of dielectrics with a high repetition-rate laser that is roughly one-third the cost of an amplified system.
Abstract 958: MiR-196b is an epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor for lung cancer (2016)

Abstract Silencing of microRNAs by promoter hypermethylation could play a significant role in lung cancer initiation and progression. A pre-malignancy model using carcinogen transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) treated with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2’deoxycytidine followed by next-generation sequencing identified miR-196b and miR-34c-5p as being epigenetically regulated. Bisulfite sequencing confirmed silencing via dense promoter hypermethylation that was commonly replicated in malignant cell lines and primary tumors. Functional studies of miR-196b revealed that it was epigenetically silenced by chromatin modification and DNA methylation during transformation of HBECs and re-expression modulated genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Stable re-expression led to a cell cycle arrest mediated in part through transcriptional regulation of the FOS oncogene that was replicated in vivo by a profound reduction in growth of tumor xenografts. Luciferase assays demonstrated that forced expression of miR-196b inhibits FOS promoter and AP-1 reporter activity. A case-control study showed that methylation of miR-196b in sputum was strongly associated with lung cancer (OR = 4.7, p&amp;lt;0.001). These studies identify miR-196 as a tumor suppressor whose silencing early in lung carcinogenesis may provide a selective growth advantage to pre-malignant cells. Targeted delivery of this microRNA could benefit prevention and therapy for the management of lung cancer. Citation Format: Carmen S. Tellez, Daniel E. Juri, Kieu Do, Maria A. Picchi, Teresa Wang, Gang Liu, Avrum Spira, Steven A. Belinsky. MiR-196b is an epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor for lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 958.
V1a receptor mRNA expression in mouse early proximal tubule (S1) cell line is regulated by protein kinase A (1998)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulation of V1a receptor gene expression in mouse early proximal tubule (S1) cell line (NF‐5). NF‐5 cells showed arginine vasopressin (AVP)‐induced increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration mediated by V1a receptor. Polymerase chain reaction coupled with reverse transcription analysis revealed that forskolin, but not phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate stimulated V1a receptor mRNA expression in NF‐5 cells. Our data suggest that V1a receptor gene expression is regulated by protein kinase A in proximal tubule cell line, and the cell line might be a useful model for the further studies of the function and the regulation of the activity and expression of the V1a receptor in the proximal tubule.