gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Catalytic Subunit β of PKA Affects Energy Balance and Catecholaminergic Activity (2019)

The protein kinase A (PKA) signaling system mediates the effects of numerous hormones, neurotransmitters, and other molecules to regulate metabolism, cardiac function, and more. PKA defects may lead to diverse phenotypes that largely depend on the unique expression profile of the affected subunit. Deletion of the <i>Prkarcb</i> gene, which codes for PKA catalytic subunit <i>β</i> (C<i>β</i>), protects against diet-induced obesity (DIO), yet the mechanism for this phenotype remains unclear. We hypothesized that metabolic rate would be increased in C<i>β</i> knockout (KO) mice, which could explain DIO resistance. Male, but not female, C<i>β</i>KO mice had increased energy expenditure, and female but not male C<i>β</i>KO mice had increased subcutaneous temperature and increased locomotor activity compared with wild-type (WT) littermates. Urinary norepinephrine (NE) and normetanephrine were elevated in female C<i>β</i>KO mice. C<i>β</i>KO mice had increased heart rate (HR); blocking central NE release normalized HR to that of untreated WT mice. Basal and stimulated PKA enzymatic activities were unchanged in adipose tissue and heart and varied in different brain regions, suggesting that <i>Prkacb</i> deletion may mediate signaling changes in specific brain nuclei and may be less important in the peripheral regulation of PKA expression and activity. This is a demonstration of a distinct effect of the PKA C<i>β</i> catalytic subunit on catecholamines and sympathetic nerve signaling. The data provide an unexpected explanation for the metabolic phenotype of C<i>β</i>KO mice. Finally, the sexual dimorphism is consistent with mouse models of other PKA subunits and adds to the importance of these findings regarding the PKA system in human metabolism.
Adenovirus-mediated chronic “hyper-resistinemia” leads to in vivo insulin resistance in normal rats (2004)

We investigated the chronic in vivo effect of resistin on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism by overexpressing resistin protein in male Wistar rats using intravenous administration of an adenovirus encoding mouse resistin. After 7 days of elevated resistin levels at a supraphysiological concentration, the animals displayed glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia during glucose tolerance tests, and insulin tolerance tests demonstrated an impaired glucose-lowering effect of insulin. The glucose clamp studies were performed at submaximal (4 mU/kg/min) and maximal (25 mU/kg/min) insulin infusion rates and demonstrated the presence of insulin resistance induced by elevated resistin levels. Indeed, the insulin-stimulated glucose infusion rate was decreased by 12–31%; suppression of hepatic glucose output was attenuated by 28–55%; and insulin suppression of circulating FFA levels was inhibited by 7%. Insulin receptor substrate–1 and –2 phosphorylation and Akt activation were impaired in muscle and adipose tissue. Interestingly, activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue was also significantly downregulated. Together, these results indicate that chronic “hyper-resistinemia” leads to whole-body insulin resistance involving impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue, resulting in glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Thus elevated resistin levels in normal rats fed a regular chow diet produce many of the features of human syndrome X.
Low-Power Design of 10-bit 80-MSPS Pipeline ADCs (2006)

From the viewpoint of a low-power pipeline ADC design, a comparison between two conventional power reduction techniques is discussed. The comparison shows that the amplifier sharing technique has an advantage in terms of the power reduction effect. To confirm the advantage, a test chip of 10-bit 80-MSPS ADC using the amplifier sharing technique is fabricated. The test chip dissipates 55 mW at 80 MSPS (Mega Sample Per Second).
Preferable effects of olmesartan/calcium channel blocker to olmesartan/diuretic on blood pressure variability in very elderly hypertension (2015)

VVV of SBP may mediate the preferable effect of combination of angiotensin II receptor blocker along with CCB on cardiovascular events in the very elderly and also isolated systolic hypertensive patients.
A new algorithm for ESD protection device extraction based on subgraph isomorphism (2003)

An efficient device recognition algorithm is critical to ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection device extraction. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based on a subgraph isomorphism, where subgraphs appearing multiple times within the same or different device model graphs are presented once only, thus reducing computational effort of detecting them in an input layout file. The mechanism to detect and reduce redundant devices is also presented. The algorithm is implemented in a new CAD tool, ESDExtractor, developed to extract ESD devices of arbitrary shapes. Examples are provided to demonstrate the application of ESDExtractor and efficiency of the new algorithm.
Retrospektive und prospektive Verfahren zur bildbasierten Korrektur von Patientenkopfbewegungen bei neurofunktioneller Magnetresonanztomographie in Echtzeit (2001)

Schon kleine Kopfbewegungen des Patienten während neurofunktionellen Messungen mit Magnetresonanz können massive Artefakte in den resultierenden Aktivierungskarten des Gehirns verursachen. Signifikante Verbesserungen durch die Anwendung von aufwendigen Korrekturverfahren sind unbestritten, die oft stundenlangen Rechenzeiten behindern jedoch häufig einen Einsatz. In Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden für eine echtzeitfähige, retrospektive 3DBewegungskorrektur entwickelt, welche die erforderliche Rechenzeit auf unter 25 der Meßzeit reduzieren. Das Verfahren benötigt bei typischen Datensätzen pro Meßvolumen ~150ms für die Detektion der Bewegung und ~500ms für die Korrektur. Es wurde ein Modell über die Einflüsse von Rauschen auf die Korrektur entwickelt und anhand von Simulationen und Messungen überprüft. Eine Detektionsgenauigkeit der entwickelten Methoden von &lt;0.2mm kann für die funktionelle Bildgebung belegt werden. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, daß zur Vermeidung von Artefakten durch retrospektive Korrekturen Anforderungen an die Daten gestellt werden müssen, die mit den heutigen Akquisitionstechniken nicht realisierbar sind. Durch die Echtzeitfähigkeit der entwickelten Verfahren ergibt sich weiterhin erstmals die Möglichkeit, einer präzisen prospektiven Bewe-gungskorrektur, welche Bewegungen kompensiert, indem die Schichtpositionen und -orientierungen mit dem Patientenkopf mitgeführt werden. Es konnte erstmals nachgewiesen werden, daß durch eine ausreichend genaue prospektive Bewegungskorrektur die theoretisch erwarteten Verbesserungen gegenüber retrospektiven Verfahren in der Praxis tatsächlich genutzt werden können. Ferner wurden die entwickelten Korrekturverfahren erfolgreich für Fragestellungen außerhalb der neurofunktionellen Bildgebung verwendet.
Field evaluation of METHANE de-NOX at Olmsted Waste-to-Energy facility (1992)

A natural gas injection technology (METHANE de-NOX) for reducing NO[sub x] emissions from municipal waste combustors (MWCS) has been developed in a joint program between the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT), Riley Stoker Corporation (Riley), Olmsted Waste-to-Energy, and Takuma Company, Ltd. The METHANE de-NOX technology offers significant benefits compared to Thermal de-NO[sub x], which is the only NO[sub x] reduction technology that has been commercially employed in the United States to MWCS. Funding for this development was provided by the Gas Research Institute (GRI) and a number of gas utilities. The METHANE de-NOX approach used involves injection of natural gas, together with recirculated flue gases, above the grate to provide oxygen deficient combustion conditions that promote the destruction of NO[sub x], as well as NO[sub x] precursors. Extensive development testing, using both simulated combustion products and actual municipal waste (MW), showed that 50% to 70% NO[sub x] reduction could be achieved. A full-scale METHANE de-NOX system was designed and retrofitted to a 100-ton/day Riley/Takuma mass burn system at the Olmsted County Waste-to-Energy facility for this field evaluation. A flexible system design was chosen to allow testing of key parameters to not only optimize the process for the Olmsted unit, butmore » also acquire design data for its a plication to MWCs of other sizes and designs. Extensive testing was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of this new technology. This paper concentrates on the METHANE de-NOX system retrofit and the results of the field evaluation tests which demonstrated the reduction of up to 60% in NO[sub x] emissions and up to 50% in CO emissions. Further benefits included a reduction of up to 50% in excess air requirements and furnace efficiency improvements. An assessment of the application potential for this technology to other systems is also presented along with a comparison to Thermal de-NO[sub x].« less
Reliability Based Candidate Selection of List Decoding for Polar Code (2021)

Polar code is adapted as the channel coding scheme for control channel in 5G NR. The basic algorithm of polar code is the successive cancelation (SC) decoding but its performance is not good enough and decoding latency is relatively high. So the simplified successive cancelation list(SSCL) decoding is generally used. When the SSCL is operated, path metric calculator generates children candidates and the number of children candidates influenced on the H/W complexity. The reliability of children candidates is affected by that of their parent candidates. The number of children candidates is adaptively selected according to the reliability of their parent candidate and the total number of children candidates could be reduced. Our proposed algorithm reduces H/W complexity of polar decoder while preserving decoding performance.
Exclusion of 14 candidate loci for primary open angle glaucoma in Finnish families. (2004)

Our results support further genetic heterogeneity underlying POAG and encourage a search of novel genetic loci and predisposing genes in order to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying POAG.
A System Level Algorithmic Approach toward Energy-Aware SDR Baseband Implementations (2009)

Wireless communication standards are continuously evolving and getting more diverse.This requires a wide variety of baseband implementations within a short time-to-market. Besides, deep sub-micron technology significantly increases the design complexity and associated cost. These yield a growing need for reconfigurable/programmable baseband solutions. Implementing the whole base band functionality on programmable architectures, as foreseen in the tier-2 SDR, will become a must. However, the energy efficiency of SDR baseband platforms is unavoidably worse than the ASIC counterparts. This brings a challenging gap to bridge, which is even broadening further in emerging high rate standards. With a holistic view, we advocate a system level algorithmic approach to bridge this gap. Specifically, we propose to leverage the advantages (programmability) of SDR platforms to compensate for its disadvantages (energy efficiency). Highly flexible baseband algorithms are designed to exploit the abundant dynamics in the environment and the user requirements.In this way, the baseband can utilize the dynamics and substantially reduce the average energy consumption. In this paper, we present a design methodology and principles, illustrated with 3 representative case studies in HSDPA, WiMAX, and 3GPP LTE.
Structural and electronic properties of theK∕GaAs(110)surface (2008)

Scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy were used to clarify the correlation between the geometric structure and the electronic properties of the $\mathrm{K}∕\mathrm{Ga}\mathrm{As}(110)$ surface. The K asymmetric chains induce a surface state localized in the vicinity of the Ga atoms, which indicates the bonding between the K atoms and Ga atoms. The observed energy position of the surface state suggested that the surface potential was changed by the K adsorption. The obtained results are compared with theoretical work in order to explain the electronic properties.
Supplementary Table 1 from TYK2–STAT1–BCL2 Pathway Dependence in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 36K, Cell viability profile by RAPID assay.&lt;/p&gt;
Nonuniform sampling with adaptive expectancy based on local variance (2015)

A new trend in sensor array architectures is to provide compact implementations based on alternative acquisitions and sampling. In particular, with the recent rise of Compressive Sensing (CS), multiple sensing schemes have been developed. However, for the moment, CS reconstruction techniques take a relatively long time to properly converge. Therefore, it limits the sensor resolution and potential applications. On the other hand, it generally involves complex structures and circuitries at the sensor side. This work proposes an acquisition chain performing an adaptive sensing of pseudo-randomly selected samples. This specific nonuniform sampling scheme allows to parallelize and simplify the acquisition thanks to a compact design based on sigma delta converters and cellular automata. Previous works show that compared to state of the art and without an important image degradation, dedicated reconstructions to this specific sampling can considerably reduce the overall computation time.
The Innovative CIO (2013)

âDoes your organization fumble when it comes to innovation? âThe Innovative CIOâ presents a pragmatic guide to overcoming the 10 âinnovation killersâ within your company.â Â --Dennis McCafferty âCIO Insightâ, 1/23/2013 (www.cioinsight.com/it-management/innovation/slideshows/ten-ways-to-kill-innovation/) âAre you unwittingly stifling your employeesâ entrepreneurial spirit? âThe Innovative CIOâ discusses âinnovation killersâ that could be holding back your small business or startup.â --Paul Shread âTIME/Business &amp; Moneyâ, 1/29/2013 (business.time.com/2013/01/29/removing-barriers-to-innovation/#ixzz2JSrUlD3A) The Chief Information Officerâs influence in the business organization has been waning for years. The rest of the C-suite has come to regard Information Technology as slow, costly, error-prone, boring, and unresponsive to business needs. This perception blinds company leaders to the critical value IT can deliver and threatens the competitive health and long-term survival of their enterprise. The modern CIO must reassert the operational and strategic importance of technology to the enterprise and reintegrate it with every department and level of the business from boardroom to mailroom.Â IT leaders must design, sell, and implement a vigorous culture of IT competence and innovation that pervades the enterprise. The culture must be rooted in bidirectional exchange across organizations and C-level policies that drive technology innovation as the engine of business innovation. The authors, international IT strategists and innovators, quantify the benefits and risks of IT innovation, survey and rank the myriad innovation opportunities from mature, new, and emerging technologies,and identify the organizational structures and processes that have been proven to deliver ongoing innovation. Buttressing their brief with dozens of case studies and specific examples,Â The Innovative CIO shows you how to: Â Take advantage of the IT and business innovation opportunities created by new and emerging technologies Shift IT innovation from afterthought to prime mover in strategic business planningÂ Inject IT into the dynamic core of your organizationâs culture, training, structure, practice, and policy Â Â Â
Enhanced in Vivo Targeting of Murine Nonparenchymal Liver Cells with Monophosphoryl Lipid A Functionalized Microcapsules (2014)

A broad spectrum of infectious liver diseases emphasizes the need of microparticles for targeted delivery of immunomodulatory substances to the liver. Microcapsules (MCs) are particularly attractive for innovative drug and vaccine formulations, enabling the combination of antigen, drugs, and adjuvants. The present study aimed to develop microcapsules characterized by an enhanced liver deposition and accelerated uptake by nonparenchymal liver cells (NPCs). Initially, two formulations of biodegradable microcapsules were synthesized from either hydroxyethyl starch (HES) or mannose. Notably, HES-MCs accumulated primarily in the liver, while mannose particles displayed a lung preference. Functionalization of HES-MCs with anti-CD40, anti-DEC205, and/or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) enhanced uptake of MCs by nonparenchymal liver cells in vitro. In contrast, only MPLA-coated HES-MCs promoted significantly the in vivo uptake by NPCs. Finally, HES-MCs equipped with MPLA, anti-CD40, and anti-DEC205 induced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 by Kupffer cells (KCs), and IFN-γ and IL-12p70 by liver dendritic cells (DCs). The enhanced uptake and activation of KCs by MPLA-HES-MCs is a promising approach to prevent or treat infection, since KCs are exploited as an entry gate in various infectious diseases, such as malaria. In parallel, loading and activating liver DCs, usually prone to tolerance, bears the potential to induce antigen specific, intrahepatic immune responses necessary to prevent and treat infections affecting the liver.
Recombination-mediated escape from primary CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection (2014)

Our study shows that recombination between multiple T/F viruses provide greater options for acute escape from CD8+ T cell responses than seen in cases of single T/F virus infection. This process may contribute to the rapid disease progression in patients infected by multiple T/F viruses.
The effect of cell size distribution on predicted osmotic responses of cells. (2005)

An understanding of the kinetics of the osmotic response of cells is important in understanding permeability properties of cell membranes and predicting cell responses during exposure to anisotonic conditions. Traditionally, a mathematical model of cell osmotic response is obtained by applying mass transport and Boyle-vant Hoff equations using numerical methods. In the usual application of these equations, it is assumed that all cells are the same size equal to the mean or mode of the population. However, biological cells (even if they had identical membranes and hence identical permeability characteristics--which they do not) have a distribution in cell size and will therefore shrink or swell at different rates when exposed to anisotonic conditions. A population of cells may therefore exhibit a different average osmotic response than that of a single cell. In this study, a mathematical model using mass transport and Boyle-van't Hoff equations was applied to measured size distributions of cells. Chinese hamster fibroblast cells (V-79W) and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK), were placed in hypertonic solutions and the kinetics of cell shrinkage were monitored. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, the size distributions of these cells were found to change over time, therefore the selection of the measure of central tendency for the population may affect the calculated osmotic parameters. After examining three different average volumes (mean, median, and mode) using four different theoretical cell size distributions, it was determined that, for the assumptions used in this study, the mean or median were the best measures of central tendency to describe osmotic volume changes in cell suspensions.
Semiconductor design for tuned charge transport characteristics (2009)

In this paper we report on the use of two solution-processable polymeric and molecular n-channel semiconductors for the fabrication of transistors and CMOS inverters by gravure printing and inkjet printing. Furthermore, the injket-printed TFT/invertor stability characteristics are analyzed and discussed.
Generation of rational model based SPICE circuits for transient simulations (2008)

In this paper, we present an efficient and compact circuit netlist formulation for rational models. It is shown how to implement the method for several commercially available time domain solvers. Finally, an example is given describing the flow and procedures to follow in order to obtain a reliable and stable transient simulation.
Accelerated Prion Replication in, but Prolonged Survival Times of, Prion-Infected CXCR3−/−Mice (2008)

Prion diseases have a significant inflammatory component. Glia activation, which is associated with increased production of cytokines and chemokines, may play an important role in disease development. Among the chemokines upregulated highly and early upregulated during scrapie infections are ligands of CXCR3. To gain more insight into the role of CXCR3 in a prion model, CXCR3-deficient (CXCR3(-/-)) mice were infected intracerebrally with scrapie strain 139A and characterized in comparison to similarly infected wild-type controls. CXCR3(-/-) mice showed significantly prolonged survival times of up to 30 days on average. Surprisingly, however, they displayed accelerated accumulation of misfolded proteinase K-resistant prion protein PrP(Sc) and 20 times higher infectious prion titers than wild-type mice at the asymptomatic stage of the disease, indicating that these PrP isoforms may not be critical determinants of survival times. As demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and gene expression analysis, CXCR3-deficient animals develop an excessive astrocytosis. However, microglia activation is reduced. Quantitative analysis of gliosis-associated gene expression alterations demonstrated reduced mRNA levels for a number of proinflammatory factors in CXCR3(-/-) compared to wild-type mice, indicating a weaker inflammatory response in the knockout mice. Taken together, this murine prion model identifies CXCR3 as disease-modifying host factor and indicates that inflammatory glial responses may act in concert with PrP(Sc) in disease development. Moreover, the results indicate that targeting CXCR3 for treatment of prion infections could prolong survival times, but the results also raise the concern that impairment of microglial migration by ablation or inhibition of CXCR3 could result in increased accumulation of misfolded PrP(Sc).
Trends in Neurosurgical Procedures for the United States by Category, 1993–1999 and 2000–2006 (2009)

Neurosurgery: August 2009 - Volume 65 - Issue 2 - p 402-403 doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000358676.35982.f2
Single-Track Vehicle Dynamics Control: State of the Art and Perspective (2015)

The reduction of hardware costs and the availability of smaller, lighter electromechanical actuators have led to the development of numerous control systems for powered two wheelers (PTW). Although the community working on PTW dynamics control is smaller than the community addressing automotive control, a considerable number of contributions are available. This paper presents a review on the control of PTW, and anticipates future research and industrial trends. This paper proposes a reasoned classification of different approaches based on the controlled vehicle dynamics, separating between control systems dealing with the in-plane and out-of-plane dynamics and then presents an analysis of the state-of-the-art of each control problem. A section is then devoted to the control of narrow track tilting vehicles that share many features with PTW.