gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Corpora Lutea of Pregnancy and Elevated Serum Progesterone during Pregnancy and Postpartum Anestrus in Woodchucks (Marmota monax) (1983)

Serum samples (n = 62) were collected from wild-caught woodchucks (n = 45) that were nonpregnant (n = 3), pregnant (n = 25) or postpartum (n = 34) when bled at the time of capture and/or necropsy, or following maintenance and observation for variable periods of time. Progesterone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay and related to the actual or estimated time from parturition which occurs at 31 days postcoitum in this species. Mean serum progesterone levels during the initial, middle and last third of pregnancy were 6.5 +/- 1.7, 22.5 +/- 3.7 and 16.8 +/- 3.2 ng/ml, respectively. Postpartum progesterone levels were elevated above basal values (less than or equal to 0.3 ng/ml) in both lactating and nonlactating animals for 2-3 months postpartum and were not consistently basal until more than 90 days postpartum. Mean progesterone levels at less than 30, 30-60, 61-90, and greater than 90 days postpartum were 25.1 +/- 6.2, 60.6 +/- 18.5, 22.8 +/- 8.7 and 0.4 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, respectively, and those at 30-60 days postpartum were greater than those at midpregnancy (P less than 0.05). Mean corpus luteum diameters were also greater (P less than 0.05) postpartum (2.9 +/- 0.3 mm) than during pregnancy (1.5 +/- 0.3 mm). The correlation between placental scars and ipsilateral corpora lutea indicated that the corpora lutea observed postpartum were the corpora lutea of the recent pregnancy. The termination of each uterine horn in a separate external cervical os precluded the occurrence of transcornual migration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Terabit Transmission at 42.7-Gb/s on 50-GHz Grid Using Hybrid RZ-DQPSK and NRZ-DBPSK Formats Over 16$\,\times\,$80 km SSMF Spans and 4 Bandwidth-Managed ROADMs (2008)

We demonstrate for the first time the use of asymmetric-bandwidth interleaver-based reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) to transmit 42.7-Gb/s channels on a 50-GHz grid. Differential binary phase shift keyed (DBPSK) format was used on the wide passband side and differential quadrature phase shift keyed (DQPSK) format was used on the narrow passband side of the ROADM. 25 channels with an aggregate capacity of 1-Tb/s were transported over 1280-km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) including 4 ROADMs.
Comparison of the Anti-LH/FSH-RH and Anti-Ovulatory Activities of [p-Phe2, D-Leu6]-LH-RH and [O-Phe2, D-Ala6]-LH-RH (1976)

The anti-LH/FSH-RH and antiovulatory activities of [D-Phe2, D-Leu6]-LH-RH and [D-Phe2, D-Ala6]-LH-RH were compared in rats. Both peptides inhibited the LH and FSH release induced by LH-RH in immature male rats, but, 4 hr after the injection, [D-Phe2, D-Leu6]-LH-RH still suppressed the LH and FSH release whereas the [D-Phe2, D-Ala6]-LH-RH did not. When the peptides were administered in equal doses on the afternoon of the day of proestrus in 4-day cycling rats, [D-Phe2, D-Leu6]-LH-RH more completely inhibited the ovulation occurring on the following morning than [D-Phe2, D-Ala6]-LH-RH. Thus, the incorporation of D-Leucine into position six of the decapeptide chain gives a more potent inhibitor than that resulting from the insertion of D-Alanine.
In-vivo dark-field and phase-contrast x-ray imaging (2013)

Novel radiography approaches based on the wave nature of x-rays when propagating through matter have a great potential for improved future x-ray diagnostics in the clinics. Here, we present a significant milestone in this imaging method: in-vivo multi-contrast x-ray imaging of a mouse using a compact scanner. Of particular interest is the enhanced contrast in regions related to the respiratory system, indicating a possible application in diagnosis of lung diseases (e.g. emphysema).
Kinetics of Radical Intermediate Formation and Deoxynucleotide Production in 3-Aminotyrosine-Substituted Escherichia coli Ribonucleotide Reductases (2011)

Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase is an α2β2 complex and catalyzes the conversion of nucleoside 5'-diphosphates (NDPs) to 2'-deoxynucleotides (dNDPs). The reaction is initiated by the transient oxidation of an active-site cysteine (C(439)) in α2 by a stable diferric tyrosyl radical (Y(122)•) cofactor in β2. This oxidation occurs by a mechanism of long-range proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) over 35 Å through a specific pathway of residues: Y(122)•→ W(48)→ Y(356) in β2 to Y(731)→ Y(730)→ C(439) in α2. To study the details of this process, 3-aminotyrosine (NH(2)Y) has been site-specifically incorporated in place of Y(356) of β. The resulting protein, Y(356)NH(2)Y-β2, and the previously generated proteins Y(731)NH(2)Y-α2 and Y(730)NH(2)Y-α2 (NH(2)Y-RNRs) are shown to catalyze dNDP production in the presence of the second subunit, substrate (S), and allosteric effector (E) with turnover numbers of 0.2-0.7 s(-1). Evidence acquired by three different methods indicates that the catalytic activity is inherent to NH(2)Y-RNRs and not the result of copurifying wt enzyme. The kinetics of formation of 3-aminotyrosyl radical (NH(2)Y•) at position 356, 731, and 730 have been measured with all S/E pairs. In all cases, NH(2)Y• formation is biphasic (k(fast) of 9-46 s(-1) and k(slow) of 1.5-5.0 s(-1)) and kinetically competent to be an intermediate in nucleotide reduction. The slow phase is proposed to report on the conformational gating of NH(2)Y• formation, while the k(cat) of ~0.5 s(-1) is proposed to be associated with rate-limiting oxidation by NH(2)Y• of the subsequent amino acid on the pathway during forward PCET. The X-ray crystal structures of Y(730)NH(2)Y-α2 and Y(731)NH(2)Y-α2 have been solved and indicate minimal structural changes relative to wt-α2. From the data, a kinetic model for PCET along the radical propagation pathway is proposed.
The adsorption of monomers (metal complexes with Schiff bases) and the structure and properties of polymeric films formed on the surface of graphite (2010)

The adsorption of nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes with the N,N′-ethylenebis(salicylideneimine) ligand on carbonaceous materials and at the air-solution boundary was studied. A correlation was observed between adsorption parameters and the structure of polymeric films formed as a result of the electrode oxidation of these compounds (monomers).
Feedback assisted stochastic gradient adaptation of multiantenna transmission (2005)

This paper describes a feedback assisted stochastic gradient algorithm for adapting the weights of a multiantenna transmitter in a multiuser multiple-input single-output per user (MISO) communication system, which yields both a power delivery (aperture) gain and a fading channel diversity gain from the multiple transmit antennas. Feedback from the receiver is used to attain partial channel state information at the transmitter, which attempts to maximize the power delivered to the receiver. The system utilizes a perturbation probing and update formulation: a vector perturbation probe is transmitted and perturbation sign feedback from the receiver defines the transmitter weight vector additive update. This feedback provides a coarse estimate of the gradient of the delivered power and is used to adapt the multiantenna baseband weights of the transmitter. The second moment update of the algorithm is derived, and the tracking performance of the algorithm applied to a dynamic AR1 fading channel is analyzed, with simulations confirming the analysis. Bit-error rate simulations in a dynamic fading channel show that the algorithm can perform as well or better than previously proposed vector selection feedback, and in slower fading the algorithm substantially outperforms diversity space time coding.
Progression of the Transformed Phenotype in Clonal Lines of Abelson Virus-Infected Lymphocytes (1983)

Some molecular changes which correlate with the tumorigenic progression of neoplastic cells can best be studied with in vitro cell lines that represent each stage in the progression. Lymphoid cells infected by Abelson murine leukemia virus exhibit a wide range of growth potential in vitro and in vivo. Uncloned populations that are poorly oncogenic early after infection become progressively more oncogenic with successive passages of the cells in culture. In such mass cultures, it is difficult to evaluate whether a rare subpopulation of highly oncogenic cells becomes dominant in the culture or whether the individual cells progress in oncogenic phenotype. To examine this latter possibility, Abelson virus-infected lymphoid cells were cloned by limiting-dilution culture 10 days postinfection. We isolated two clones that grew poorly in agar, required feeder layers of adherent bone marrow cells for growth in liquid culture, and were extremely slow to form tumors in syngeneic animals. Both clones, after passage in the presence of adherent feeder layers for 3 months, grew well in liquid and agar-containing cultures in the absence of feeder layers and formed tumors in animals at a rapid rate. The progression of these clonal cell lines to a more malignant growth phenotype occurred in the absence of detectable changes in the concentration, half-life, phosphorylation, in vitro kinase activity, or cell localization of the Abelson virus-encoded transforming protein. No change in the concentration or arrangement of integrated Abelson viral DNA sequences was detected in either clone. Thus, perhaps changes in the expression of cellular genes would appear to alter the growth properties of lymphoid cells after their initial transformation by Abelson virus. Such cellular changes could complement the activity of the Abelson virus transforming protein in producing the fully malignant growth phenotype.
COMP-C3b Complexes in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Severe Extraarticular Manifestations (2013)

Patients with ExRA had lower levels of COMP-C3b. This may be a consequence of complement consumption or a lower potential for COMP from these patients to activate complement.
Prediction of epigenetically regulated genes in breast cancer cell lines (2010)

Our results indicate that the proposed computational protocol is a viable platform for identifying epigenetically regulated genes. Our protocol has generated a list of predictors including COL1A2, TOP2A, TFF1, and VAV3, genes whose key roles in epigenetic regulation is documented in the literature. Subnetwork enrichment of these predicted markers further suggests that epigenetic regulation of individual genes occurs in a coordinated fashion and through common regulators.
L’école des hommes: Geschlechter, Zeichen, Raum und Lehre bei Epiktet (2011)

The factors of &#x2018;place/space&#x2019; and &#x2018;philosophical instruction&#x2019; both shape the specific points of Epictetus&#x2019; gender discourse. The place/space gives rise to a hierarchic situation of teaching exclusively young boys of the upper class, but no women, it creates a distance from home that is a test for the boys&#x2019; developing manlihood, and it relocates the philosophical ideal of masculinity in two literary quotations from the Iliad and Plato&#x2019;s Phaedo. Philosophical instruction, however, is more important in shaping Epictetus&#x2019; gender discourse. Emotional behaviour is stigmatized as effeminate, which is an efficious rhetoric device to convince the young boys in the audience, but does not imply or go along with essentialistic discrimination concerning women&#x2019;s rational abilities. This pragmatic use of gender stereotypes is due to the strong insistence on conviction which Epictetus shows in comparison with his teacher Musonius Rufus and corresponds to Epictetus&#x2019; caustic style of teaching which follows the Cynics&#x2019; example.
Developing a New Technique Through Partnering with Contractors: Reservoir Prediction Utilizing AVO Walkaway VSP Data to Calibrate Surface Seismic Gathers, a Case Study in Indonesia (1994)

Abstract During recent years there has been a significant downsizing in the industry. This environment of limited resources can be assisted in technical areas by partnering with contractors. This paper demonstrates a new geophysical technique as well as describing the process by which it was developed. In the recent past there have been both successful and non-successful case studies of the use of Amplitude Vs. Offset for reservoir prediction. The failures in using AVO usually derive from the uncertainties in picking the parameters utilized in the AVO modelling. If there was a way to reduce these uncertainties, then the reservoir prediction would be more reliable. To improve this reliability a technique utilizing AVO Walkaway VSP's to calibrate the surface seismic gathers over prospect areas has been devised. The technique involves utilizing Schlumberger's ASI (Acoustic Seismic Imager) Tool. The AVO Walkaway VSP itself is recorded by clamping an array of triaxial geophones immediately above a target interface and deploying a moving seismic source along a line with even spaced offset shooting. As the downgoing energy and reflected energy can be separated and measured for each shot, the reflection coefficient of the interface can be measured as a function of angle or offset. After the AVOWSP is shot and processed, the interface of study is then interpreted both on the AVOWSP and the surface seismic gather over the borehole. The amplitude with offset for both seismic representations are displayed and compared. With this information, an Offset Dependent Gain Function (ODGF) is derived which is utilized in calibrating the surface seismic gather so that the AVO at the interface matches that of the AVOWSP. Over the prospect area, all specially processed surface gathers are then picked at the interface of study. The ODGF is then applied to each retrieved amplitude from the gather interpretation. Following this, a Gradient Stack Trace calculation then takes place for all surface seismic offset amplitudes and these values are then gridded and mapped over the area. Anomalies in the maps which may indicate prospective areas are then identified and a tight parameter constricted inversion takes place utilizing the ODGF'd gather over the identified anomaly. This then allows for superior rock property prediction. To test the validity of the technique, inversions were carried out over previously drilled well locations in the Gas Area within the Maxus/SES License area in the Sunda Basin. The 3D area within this study area will be the case study presented in this paper.
Duplication of 17(p11.2p11.2) in a male child with autism and severe language delay (2007)

Duplications of 17(p11.2p11.2) have been associated with various behavioral manifestations including attention deficits, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, autistic traits, and language delay. We are conducting a genetic study of autism and are screening all cases for submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities, in addition to standard karyotyping, and fragile X testing. Using array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis of data from the Affymetrix GeneChip(R) Human Mapping Array set, we detected a duplication of approximately 3.3 Mb on chromosome 17p11.2 in a male child with autism and severe expressive language delay. The duplication was confirmed by measuring the copy number of genomic DNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Gene expression analyses revealed increased expression of three candidate genes for the Smith-Magenis neurobehavioral phenotype, RAI1, DRG2, and RASD1, in transformed lymphocytes from Case 81A, suggesting gene dosage effects. Our results add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that duplications of 17(p11.2p11.2) result in language delay as well as autism and related phenotypes. As Smith-Magenis syndrome is also associated with language delay, a gene involved in acquisition of language may lie within this interval. Whether a parent of origin effect, gender of the case, the presence of allelic variation, or changes in expression of genes outside the breakpoints influence the resultant phenotype remains to be determined.
Measurement of Young's modulus for switched reluctance motor vibration determination (2003)

It is well known that a significant disadvantage of the switched reluctance motor is the higher acoustic noise, caused by stator vibrations. Techniques for noise reduction require knowledge of the modal frequencies, which depend on mechanical shapes and dimensions as well as material properties, for example, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, mass density, etc. It was found that the generally accepted value of Young's modulus is not valid for a machine with laminations and no frame. This paper introduces a simple and nondestructive method for the measurement of Young's modulus; it is then used in a finite element program to determine the resonant frequencies of SRM stator vibration. The effects of mass, density and Poisson's ratios are also discussed. The FE results are validated by impulse force hammer tests, which show good accuracy.
COMBINED IgG2, IgG4 AND IgA DEFICIENCY: LOW C1Q CONCENTRATIONS AND THE PRESENCE OF EXCESS C1R AND C1S IN AN ADULT PATIENT WITH RECURRENT PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTIONS (1985)

The complement (C) profile was investigated in an adult patient with combined IgG2, IgG4 and IgA deficiency and recurrent pneumococcal infections. The analysis revealed no gross impairment of the classic and alternative pathways of C activation. However, the concentrations of circulating C1q were persistently decreased, and the sera contained an excess of C1r-C1s complexes, resembling the C1 aberrations previously found in children with recurrent acute otitis media. The concentrations of C4 in the patient were persistently low. This could be ascribed to partial C4 deficiency with lack of C4A variants. The patient's IgG and IgM antibody responses to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides and to other bacterial carbohydrate antigens were very poor. Interestingly, pneumococcal C-polysaccharide (CPS) could be detected in serum obtained during infection-free periods. Since CPS has been shown to bind C1q without causing C1 activation, the possibility was considered that the C1 aberrations in serum were due to circulating CPS. After administration of intramuscular gammaglobulin to the patient, the serum C1q levels were observed to return to normal.
Pack Factor Measurements for Corn in Grain Storage Bins (2015)

<abstract> Shelled yellow corn is commonly stored in concrete or corrugated steel bins. Granular materials compact under their own weight, primarily due to particle rearrangement, leading to an increase in bulk density and a change in volume when stored. Reliable grain pack factors are needed to estimate storage capacities and to accurately monitor grain inventories. A science-based model (WPACKING) of pack factors is available that uses the differential form of Janssenâs equation and takes into account the variation in density caused by pressure variation with height and moisture content of the grain and accounts for the effects of grain type, test weight, bin geometry, and bin material. However, this model needs to be compared to field data over a wide range of conditions to ensure robust prediction accuracy. The objective of this research was to determine the field pack factors and bin capacities for on-farm and commercial bins used to store corn in the U.S. and compare them to predictions of the WPACKING program. Bin inventory measurements were conducted in concrete bins with depths up to 31.4 m (114.8 ft) and corrugated steel bins with diameters up to 32.8 m (156Â ft). These values were also compared to the techniques used by the USDA Risk Management Agency (RMA) and the USDA Farm Service Agency, Warehouse Branch (FSA-W). The differences between predicted and reported mass were -4.54% (maximum underprediction) to +4.53% (maximum overprediction) for WPACKING, -2.69% to 4.97% for the RMA method, and -3.33% to + 5.67% for the FSA-W method. The absolute average difference was lowest for the WPACKING model (0.90%) compared to the RMA and FSA-W methods (1.61% and 1.86%, respectively). WPACKING had less than half as many prediction differences above 1% (13 out of 51 bins) as did the RMA and FSA-W methods, which had 29 out of 51 and 33 out of 51, respectively. The RMA and FSA-W methods do not take into account the variations in pack factor due to bin type and moisture content of the stored grain.
Synthetic CT Generation from MRI Using Improved DualGAN (2019)

Synthetic CT image generation from MRI scan is necessary to create radiotherapy plans without the need of co-registered MRI and CT scans. The chosen baseline adversarial model with cycle consistency permits unpaired image-to-image translation. Perceptual loss function term and coordinate convolutional layer were added to improve the quality of translated images. The proposed architecture was tested on paired MRI-CT dataset, where the synthetic CTs were compared to corresponding original CT images. The MAE between the synthetic CT images and the real CT scans is 61 HU computed inside of the true CTs body shape.
A Study on Portfolio Insurance Investment Strategies Pursuing Minimum Preservation and Upside Returns in Defined Contribution Pension Plans (2022)

본 연구는 은퇴소득의 안정성 우려로 위험자산 투자를 꺼리는 DC형 가입자들을 위해 퇴직연금자산의 하방위험을 관리하면서 적극적인 수익 추구를 투자목표로 하는 DC형 퇴직연금 운용기관을 대상으로 체계적인 투자전략을 제시하였다. 이는 투자자의 투자리스크 선호도인 위험투자계수와 손실허용한도인 최저보존수준을 위험자산 가격흐름에 연동시킨 유연형 포트폴리오보험 전략이다. 과거 19년의 주가 자료를 적용한 역사적 시뮬레이션 결과 최저보존수준을 확보하면서 기존의 포트폴리오보험 전략에 비해 높은 성과를 보였다. 결론적으로 제시한 전략은 노후자금의 안정성을 제고하고 낮은 운용성과 개선을 위해 활용될 수 있는 DC형 퇴직연금 운용전략을 의미한다.
Neutral Dynamics and Cluster Statistics in a Tropical Forest (2012)

The neutral theory of biodiversity attributes community structure to the effects of chance alone, assuming that all species and individuals are demographically equivalent. Here we present a spatially explicit version of the neutral theory and test it against the Barro Colorado Island (BCI) data. Monitoring the dynamics of clusters, we show that the effect of local heterogeneities (e.g., microtopography) is weak, making a spatially homogenous model plausible. We then compare the cluster statistics of the three most frequent species with the patterns obtained from neutral dynamics, examining two families of recruitment kernels: one that interpolates between a limited distance and panmictic dispersal (local-global) and one that assumes a scale-free Cauchy kernel. The results rule out the local-global dispersal model and show that the spatial patterns fit very nicely those obtained from the fat-tailed kernel. Our work emphasizes the importance of spatiotemporal cluster dynamics as an instrument for detecting the factors that govern community assembly.
Digital Signal Processing in Coherent Optical Quadrature Phase-Shift-Keying Receiver (2009)

Algorithm of digital symbol synchronization in coherent optical quadrature phase-shift-keying signal is experimentally demonstrated. We also present correction algorithm to reduce the impact of quadrature imbalance in coherent optical receiver.
Quantitative measurement of space-charge effects in lead zirconate-titanate memories (1991)

By combining Auger data on the width of an oxygen depletion layer near the Pt electrodes with a modified Langmuir–Child law for the leakage current: I(V) = aV + bV2, we deduce parameters related to the space-charge density and field in 210-nm-thick PbZr1−xTixO3 memories. The results are compared with the space charge fields inferred by Okazaki (∼10 kV/cm for PZT), which involve measuring the switching speeds ts(E) for positive and negative voltages. Differences in the voltage dependencies of the leakage current are found after fatigue and are related to specific electrochemical processes involving oxygen deposition on electrode surfaces.