gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continued Circulation of Highly Pathogenic H5 Influenza Viruses in Vietnamese Live Bird Markets in 2018–2021 (2023)

We isolated 77 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses during routine surveillance in live poultry markets in northern provinces of Vietnam from 2018 to 2021. These viruses are of the H5N6 subtype and belong to HA clades 2.3.4.4g and 2.3.4.4h. Interestingly, we did not detect viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b, which in recent years have dominated in different parts of the world. The viruses isolated in this current study do not encode major determinants of mammalian adaptation (e.g., PB2-E627K or PB1-D701N) but possess amino acid substitutions that may affect viral receptor-binding, replication, or the responses to human antiviral factors. Several of the highly pathogenic H5N6 virus samples contained other influenza viruses, providing an opportunity for reassortment. Collectively, our study demonstrates that the highly pathogenic H5 viruses circulating in Vietnam in 2018-2021 were different from those in other parts of the world, and that the Vietnamese H5 viruses continue to evolve through mutations and reassortment.
Active Optics Improve Microscope’s Field of View (2006)

Abstract Since the earliest explorations of the microscopic world in the 17th century and continuing to the present day, microscopists have continuously faced a challenge in that there is an inherent tradeoff between the resolution of the microscope and the size of the field of view--as the resolution of the microscope is increased to resolve smaller features, the observable area of the specimen decreases proportionally. While being a long recognized characteristic of the traditional microscope design, this tradeoff is becoming a significant hindrance as optical microscopes are being used in automated systems for advanced biotech research, medical diagnostics, robotic micromanipulation, and industrial inspection.
Acquisition of Lytic Spondylolisthesis in the Adult (1991)

Two adult patients are described with documented progression from a normally aligned spine to a lytic spondylolisthesis. In neither patient was the time of the pars fracture determined. Both patients complain of back pain with mild radicular symptoms.
EARLY ENTRANCE COPRODUCTION PLANT (2000)

The overall objective of this project is the three phase development of an Early Entrance Coproduction Plant (EECP) which produces at least one product from at least two of the following three categories: (1) electric power (or heat), (2) fuels, and (3) chemicals. The objective is to have these products produced by technologies capable of using synthesis gas derived from coal and/or other carbonaceous feedstock. The objective of Phase I is to determine the feasibility and define the concept for the EECP located at a specific site and to develop a Research, Development, and Testing Plan (RD and T) for implementation in Phase II. The objective of Phase II is to implement the RD and T as outlined in the Phase I RD and T Plan to enhance the development and commercial acceptance of coproduction technology that produces high-value products, particularly those that are critical to our domestic fuel and power requirements. The project will resolve critical knowledge and technology gaps on the integration of gasification and downstream processing to coproduce some combination of power, fuels, and chemicals from coal and other feedstocks. The objective of Phase III is to develop an engineering design package and a financing plan for an EECP located at a specific site. The project's intended result is to provide the necessary technical, economic, and environmental information that will be needed to move the EECP forward to detailed design, construction, and operation by industry.
A Dynamic Calibration Method for Pirani Gauges Embedded in Fluidic Networks (2013)

This paper describes in situ dynamic calibration of microfabricated Pirani gauges, which are commonly used to measure vacuum levels in microsystems that may include pumps, valves, and other pressure modulation elements. Calibration is accomplished with a configuration where two sides of the supporting membrane of a Pirani gauge are at different pressures: an interior pressure within the microsystems and an exterior ambient pressure that can be directly controlled. This particular configuration is increasingly common as Pirani gauges are embedded in complex fluidic pathways such as those found in micro-gas chromatographs and multistage gas pumps. In the dynamic calibration the ambient pressure is rapidly modulated, while the interior pressure in the sense gap of the Pirani gauge remains relatively unchanged. The exterior pressure that is equal to the interior pressure is determined by a regression model. The dynamic calibration procedure and subsequent error analysis are illustrated by application to a 162-stage monolithic Knudsen vacuum pump. For this device, dynamic calibration improves the estimated upstream pressure from 30 (as suggested by uncorrected static calibration) to 0.9 Torr, with a 95.4% confidence interval from 0.7 to 1.1 Torr, assuming normal (Gaussian) distribution. These results demonstrate that dynamic calibration can be significantly more accurate than conventional static calibration for certain types of devices.
DFT investigations of the piezoresistive effect of carbon nanotubes for sensor application (2012)

Abstract We investigate the piezoresistive effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) within density functional theory (DFT) aiming at application‐relevant CNTs. CNTs are excellent candidates for the usage in nano‐electromechanical sensors (NEMSs) due to their small band gap at zero strain leading to a finite resistivity at room temperature. The application of strain induces a band gap‐opening leading to a tremendous change in the resistivity. DFT with the LDA approximation yields reasonable results for pure carbon systems like CNTs and is applied to calculate the electronic structure of experimentally relevant CNTs. For the transport part, a simple ballistic transport model based on the band gap is used. We compare our DFT results for the band gaps of strained CNTs to results of tight binding (TB) models. By introducing a scaling factor of $\sqrt {2} $ , an excellent agreement of the DFT data with TB model, published by Yang and Han [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 , 154 (2000)], is obtained.
Isolation, Purification, and Identification of Protein Associated with Corn Fiber Gum (2011)

Corn fiber gum (CFG), an alkaline hydrogen peroxide extract of the corn kernel milling byproduct "corn fiber", is a proteinaceous arabinoxylan with protein content ranging from ca. 2 to 9% by weight for CFG samples isolated from different corn milling fiber sources. Several studies have suggested that protein associated with CFG could be partly responsible for its excellent emulsifying properties in oil-in-water emulsion systems. Nevertheless, the composition and identity of the protein component has never been determined. In the present study, CFG was deglycosylated by treating with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, and the resulting proteins were purified by passage through C18 solid phase extraction cartridges. The proteins were then separated and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein band from the gel was treated with a proteolytic enzyme, chymotrypsin, and the resulting peptides were cleaned using C18 Zip Tip pipet tips and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization with automated tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The partial sequences derived from the mass spectrometry analyses of the resulting chymotryptic peptides were found to be similar to the 22-kDa alpha-zein Z1 (az22z1) protein (a major storage protein in corn endosperm) when queried against the primary sequences from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. This is the first report that this hydrophobic protein is associated with CFG and may explain why CFG is an excellent emulsifier for oil-in-water emulsion systems.
Proton flux inlarge unilamellar vesicles inresponse tomembrane potentials andpHgradients (1989)

Thetransport ofprotons acrossliposomes composedofphos- phatidylcholine inresponsetoelectrical potentials or pH gradients hasbeen investigated. Theresults support three majorconclusions. Thefirst ofthese concernstheneedforreliable mea- surements ofelectrical potentials and pHgradients. Itisshownthat thepoten- tial probetetraphenylphosphonium and thepH probemethylamine provide accurate andself consistent measures ofelectrical potentials andpH gra- dients respectively inthesesystems. Second, itisshownbytwoindependent techniques thatthepH gradients induced inresponsetovalinomycin and potassium dependent electrical poten- tials aresignificantly smaller thanwould beexpected forelectrochemical equi- librium. ThepHgradients observed are stable overan8htime courseandare sensitive totheionic composition ofthe buffers employed, wherethepresence ofexternal sodiumresults inthesmall- estinducedpH gradients. These results arediscussed intermsofcur- rentmodelsofprotonconductance acrossmembranes. Ina final areaof investigation, itisshownthat valinomy- cinandcarbonyl cyanide m-chlorophe- nylhydrazone (CCCP)can transport sodium ionsinasynergistic manner.
Model-Based Analysis and Synthesis of Time-Varying Mesh (2008)

Time-varying mesh (TVM) is a technique that describes full shape and motion of a real-world moving object. Thus, TVM is used to capture and reproduce human behavior and natural movements precisely, such as the expression of the face or small changes in cloths. But on the other hand, TVM requires large storage space and computational cost. To solve this problem, we propose a framework of motion editing and synthesis. In our approach, a skeleton model is extracted from each frame and motion tracking and analysis are conducted using the skeleton models. Then, a representative frame is deformed based on the extracted motion information. As a result, 3D scene representation with much smaller data size is made possible.
Generation of Meaningful Patient Problem Lists using Multimedia Structured Reporting (2018)

Poster: ECR 2018 / C-2771 / Generation of Meaningful Patient Problem Lists using Multimedia Structured Reporting by: D. J. Vining 1, A. Pitici2, C. Popovici2, A. Prisacariu2, M. Kontak2; 1Houston, TX/US, 2Houston/US
Dominant LMAN2L mutation causes intellectual disability with remitting epilepsy (2019)

Mis-secreted glycoproteins (LGI1, reelin) are emerging causes of epilepsy. LMAN2L belongs to a glycoprotein secretion chaperone family. One recessive <i>LMAN2L</i> missense mutation predicted to impair the chaperone's interaction with glycoproteins was reported in a family with intellectual disability (ID) and remitting epilepsy. We describe four members of a family with autosomal dominant inheritance of a similar phenotype. We show that they segregate a NM_001142292.1:c.1073delT mutation that eliminates LMAN2L's endoplasmic reticulum retention signal and mislocalizes the protein from that compartment to the plasma membrane. LMAN2L mislocalization, like impaired glycoprotein interaction, disturbs brain development, including generation of developmentally restricted epilepsy.
Continuous-Flow Size Fractionation of Extracellular Vesicles Using A Micrifluidic Junction Featuring Electrode Microbridges (2022)

This paper reports for the first time, the leveraging of electrothermal flow and dielectrophoretic force for continuous-flow size fractionation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) through a microfluidic junction featuring electrode microbridges. The microbridges play a pivotal role in keeping large EVs on course to main outlet while small EVs and exosomes being dragged by a sheath flow to side outlets. The fractionation takes place in a high-conductive medium, which makes the device fit for the purification of target particles from physiological fluids which typically possess high conductivity.
INKJET-BASED DNA INJECTOR FOR MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS (2008)

We developed an inkjet-based DNA injector for microchip electrophoresis sys tem based on a straight microchannel. The inkjet-based DNA injector enables us to precisely control injection volume of DNA and to use a simple straight microchannel for chip electrophoresis, whereas we need cross channel injector or T injector as well as complicated voltage programming for conventional chip electrophoresis. In this paper, microchip electorophoresis with inkjet injection (MCE-wii) for DNA separation was demonstrated. MCE-wii could reduce the sample volume by 0.1 % compared to that of the conventional cross injection.
Random telegraph noise as a new measure of plasma-induced charging damage in MOSFETs (2014)

Random telegraph noise (RTN) has been recently of great importance in designing ultimately scaled MOSFETs. We address in this paper how RTN characteristics are altered by plasma process-induced charging damage (PCD). MOSFETs with SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and high-k gate dielectric were prepared and exposed to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with Ar gas. From the time evolution of I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> fluctuation defined as I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> /μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> , where μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> is the mean I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> , we comprehensively investigated the details of RTN features such as the statistical distribution of I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> /μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> , power spectral density, and the time constants for carrier capture and emission. It was found that the statistical distribution width of I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> /μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> , δ(I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> /μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> ), increased by PCD for both MOSFETs with the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and high-k gate dielectrics, suggesting that RTN characteristics can be used as a potential measure of PCD. These features were consistent with Δ V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> results. However, the slope in power spectral density and the time constants exhibited complicated behaviors owing to the nature of created traps by PCD. It is confirmed that PCD alters RTN characteristics, and that, in evaluating the amount of PCD, δ(I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> /μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ids</sub> ) should be used as a straightforward measure.
ChemInform Abstract: THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOGENERATION OF HYDROGEN AT P‐TYPE III/V SEMICONDUCTORS (1981)

Abstract Als Grund für den sehr geringen Wirkungsgrad von p‐GaP‐ und anderen III /V‐p‐Halbleiterelektroden bei der Photogenerierung von H 2 bei kathodischen Potentialen nahe dem Flachband, der eine Anwendung solcher Elektroden in Solarzellen verhindert, wird die Bildung von Oberflächen‐H‐Atomen während des 1. Schrittes der H 2 ‐Entwicklungsreaktion ermittelt.
A mutation in the canalicular phospholipid transporter gene, ABCB4, is associated with cholestasis, ductopenia, and cirrhosis in adults†‡ (2008)

We show that a missense mutation in ABCB4 is a cause for ductopenic CLD in adulthood. Allelic status correlated with severity of liver disease ranging from intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy through fibrosis to cirrhosis and death in childhood and adulthood. Mutational analysis of ABCB4 should be generally considered in all patients with cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology regardless of age and onset of disease.
Multicomponent Synthesis of Spiroisoxazolines (2005)

A three-component one-pot procedure (3-MCR) was developed to assemble the spiroisoxazoline nucleus from commercially available materials. This new methodology affords the title compounds in high yields and without the use of chromatography.
Performance trade-offs in disturbance feedforward compensation of active hard-mounted vibration isolators (2015)

With disturbance feedforward compensation (DFC), input disturbances are measured and compensated to cancel the effect of the disturbance. Perfect cancellation is not possible in practice due to the causal nature of DFC, in which the compensation generally comes too late. Therefore, non-perfect plant inversion, controller discretization and sensor dynamics lead to a non-zero residual error. The properties of this residual error are described in the frequency domain using a theoretical framework that is closely related to the design constraints known from filtering theory. It is shown that, like in feedback control systems, performance limitations of DFC systems are described by a waterbed effect. An experimental validation is included to demonstrate the properties of the residual error on an active hard-mounted vibration isolation setup.
Benzonatate as a local anesthetic (2023)

This study demonstrates that benzonatate does act as a local anesthetic at the peripheral nerve, with sensory and motor nerve blockade. Benzonatate interacts with tetrodotoxin and Tween 80 to prolong nerve blockade. However, benzonatate causes significant myotoxicity, even at subtherapeutic concentrations.
Palladium-Catalyzed Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 4-Alkylidene-4H-3,1-benzoxazines from N-Acyl-o-alkynylanilines (2011)

The highly regio- and stereoselective 6-exo-dig mode cyclization of N-acyl-o-alkynylanilines producing 4-alkylidene-3,1-benzoxazines occurred unpredictably by use of a proper catalyst [Pd(OAc)(2)] and an effective additive (acetic acid) under suitable reaction conditions.
New Oil-in-Water Magnetic Emulsion as Contrast Agent for <I>In</I> <I>Vivo</I> Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (2013)

Nowadays, bio-imaging techniques are widely applied for the diagnosis of various diseased/tumoral tissues in the body using different contrast agents. Accordingly, the advancement in bionanotechnology research is enhanced in this regard. Among contrast agents used, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were developed by many researchers and applied for in vive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, a new oil-in-water magnetic emulsion was used as contrast agent in MRI, after being characterized in terms of particle size, iron oxide content, magnetic properties and colloidal stability using dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and zeta potential measurement techniques, respectively. The hydrodynamic size and magnetic content of the magnetic colloidal particles were found to be 250 nm and 75 wt%, respectively. In addition, the used magnetic emulsion possesses superparamagentic properties and high colloidal stability in aqueous medium. Then, the magnetic emulsion was highly diluted and administered intravenously to the Sprague dawley rats to be tested as contrast agent for in vivo MRI. In this preliminary study, MRI images showed significant enhancement in contrast, especially for T2 (relaxation time) contrast enhancement, indicating the distribution of magnetic colloidal nanoparticles within organs, like liver, spleen and kidneys of the Sprague dawley rats. In addition, it was found that 500 microL of the highly diluted magnetic emulsion (0.05 wt%) was found adequate for MRI analysis. This seems to be useful for further investigations especially in theranostic applications of magnetic emulsion.
Spherical nanoindentation and Vickers microhardness study of the deformation of poled BaTiO3 single crystals (2009)

In this work, Vickers microhardness and spherical nanoindentation (NI) experiments—with hemispherical radii, R, of 13.5, 5, and 1.4μm—were used to explore the room temperature deformation behavior of poled barium titanate (BaTiO3) single crystals with two orientations: (001) and (110). At 209±11 and 193±11GPa, Young’s moduli of the (001) and (110) surfaces, respectively, were comparable. The (001) surface deforms elastically, before a pop-in event, followed by a strain-hardening regime. The pop-in stresses are stochastic in nature and can be described by Weibull statistics. The (110) surface deforms elastically, then plastically at lower stresses, before cracks are initiated, beyond which the strain-hardening regime is almost identical to that of the (001) surface. This three-regime behavior of the (110) surface was confirmed by postindentation scanning electron microscope micrographs. This work confirms that the room temperature deformation of single crystal BaTiO3 occurs by glide on the {110} slip planes that are also the cleavage planes. Furthermore fully reversible reproducible stress/strain loops were observed and attributed to the formation and annihilation of fully reversible dislocation loops, whose threshold stresses were a function of the domain size that forms under the various indenters. The domain sizes appear to scale with R and are believed to be responsible for the NI size effect observed.
LAMC1 is a prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in endometrial cancer (2019)

LAMC1 overexpression is a potent biomarker for identifying endometrial cancer patients needing aggressive adjuvant therapy. We elucidated 8 candidate genes that may mediate progression of LAMC1 overexpressing cancer. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism should lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets.