gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tailoring the Fabrication Method of Dion–Jacobson 2D Halide Perovskites toward Highly Crystalline and Oriented Films (2023)

Abstract Halide perovskites are potential next‐generation optoelectronic devices. However, the film quality of this charming material fabricated by the conventional spin‐coating method is far from satisfactory, significantly affecting the optoelectronic devices' performance. Here, one facile slow‐evaporating solvent (SE) method is demonstrated to synthesize high‐quality organic–inorganic halide perovskite films. Compared with the conventional spin coating method, the films fabricated by this SE method show much higher crystallinity, oriented lattice, smoother surface morphology, and lower trap density. Besides, the photodetector manufactured by the SE method‐based film also performs much better than the ones by the spin‐coating method. Importantly, this universal method can be applied to different organic–inorganic halide perovskites, such as Dion–Jacobson (DJ) type and Ruddlesden–Popper type 2D halide perovskites and conventional 3D halide perovskites. This work gives an effective solution to improve the quality of the DJ‐type halide perovskites, which endows the halide perovskites with a more practical chance to be commercialized cosmically.
Special Issue on 3-D Media and Displays [Scanning the Issue] (2011)

This special issue provides an overview of recent advances and discusses future directions in diverse 3-D media technologies ranging from current stereoscopy to ultrarealistic holographic video, and transmission over the current and future, wired and wireless Internet.
Disposition and Pharmacology of a GalNAc3-conjugated ASO Targeting Human Lipoprotein (a) in Mice (2016)

Triantennary N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc3)-conjugated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have greatly improved potency via receptor-mediated uptake. In the present study, the in vivo pharmacology of a 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-modified ASO conjugated with GalNAc3 (ISIS 681257) together with its unmodified congener (ISIS 494372) targeting human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)), were studied in human LPA transgenic mice. Further, the disposition kinetics of ISIS 681257 was studied in CD-1 mice. ISIS 681257 demonstrated over 20-fold improvement in potency over ISIS 494372 as measured by liver apo(a) mRNA and plasma apo(a) protein levels. Following subcutaneous (SC) dosing, ISIS 681257 cleared rapidly from plasma and distributed to tissues. Intact ISIS 681257 was the major full-length oligonucleotide species in plasma. In tissues, however, GalNAc sugar moiety was rapidly metabolized and unconjugated ISIS 681257 accounted > 97% of the total exposure, which was then cleared slowly from tissues with a half-life of 7-8 days, similar to the half-life in plasma. ISIS 681257 is highly bound to plasma proteins (> 94% bound), which limited its urinary excretion. This study confirmed dose-dependent exposure to the parent drug ISIS 681257 in plasma and rapid conversion to unconjugated ASO in tissues. Safety data and the extended half-life support its further development and weekly dosing in phase 1 clinical studies.
Tailoring the mechanoresponsive release from silica nanocapsules (2021)

Triggering the release of encapsulated cargos using mechanical stress acting on a nanocarrier is a strategy with potential applications from drug delivery to self-healing coatings. The mechanically triggered release of encapsulated molecules can be controlled by tuning the mechanical properties of the nanocapsules, which are strongly linked to the nanocapsule architecture. Here, silica nanocarriers were designed to tune precisely the release initiated by mechanical stress. We synthesized silica nanocapsules (SiNCs) with a finely tunable diameter and shell thickness and performed AFM nanoindentation experiments to determine the breaking force of single SiNCs. We demonstrated that it is possible to trigger the release of encapsulated payload by the application of an external mechanical force on the SiNCs. Furthermore, we successfully controlled the breaking force and the amount of released payload by tailoring the architecture of the nanocarriers, illustrating how such mechanoresponsive SiNCs could be used as responsive nanocarriers for the delivery of molecular cargos.
Improvement of signal detection selectivity and efficiency in two-photon absorption-induced photoacoustic microscopy (2014)

To improve the penetration depth in photoacoustic microscopy while preserving high spatial resolution, we have proposed two-photon absorption-induced photoacoustic microscopy (TP-PAM). However, in tissue imaging, unwanted one-photon photoacoustic signals impair the image constructed from the two-photon photoacoustic signals, because the cross-section of two-photon absorption is smaller than that of one-photon absorption. To overcome this drawback, it is important to enhance (or extract) only the photoacoustic signals generated by two-photon absorption. In this study, to improve the detection selectivity and efficiency of two-photon photoacoustic signals, we investigated the dependence of TP-PAM signal intensity and image quality on the detection frequency range and excitation pulse duration in detail. The comparison among photoacoustic signals generated by optical pulses with various pulse durations (femtosecond to sub-nanosecond) enabled us to find that, the shorter the pulse duration is, the higher the generation efficiency of two-photon photoacoustic signals is. We also applied the confocal configuration between optical (excitation) and acoustic (detection) foci to TP-PAM. The optimization of the pulse duration, frequency filtering and confocal configuration improves the selectivity and efficiency of the TP-PAM signal. Such improvements can reduce the photon number required to obtain TP-PAM images and thus make the imaging speed faster and avoid tissue damage.
eSTGt: a programming and simulation environment for population dynamics (2016)

The presented tool allows researchers to use existing biological knowledge in order to model the dynamics of a developmental process and analyze its behavior throughout the historical events. Simulated lineage trees can be used to validate various hypotheses in silico and to predict the behavior of dynamical systems under various conditions. Written under MATLAB environment, the tool also enables to easily integrate the output data within the user's downstream analysis.
Chronic Rapamycin Restores Brain Vascular Integrity and Function Through NO Synthase Activation and Improves Memory in Symptomatic Mice Modeling Alzheimer’s Disease (2013)

Vascular pathology is a major feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. We recently showed that chronic administration of the target-of-rapamycin (TOR) inhibitor rapamycin, which extends lifespan and delays aging, halts the progression of AD-like disease in transgenic human (h)APP mice modeling AD when administered before disease onset. Here we demonstrate that chronic reduction of TOR activity by rapamycin treatment started after disease onset restored cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain vascular density, reduced cerebral amyloid angiopathy and microhemorrhages, decreased amyloid burden, and improved cognitive function in symptomatic hAPP (AD) mice. Like acetylcholine (ACh), a potent vasodilator, acute rapamycin treatment induced the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and NO release in brain endothelium. Administration of the NOS inhibitor L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester reversed vasodilation as well as the protective effects of rapamycin on CBF and vasculature integrity, indicating that rapamycin preserves vascular density and CBF in AD mouse brains through NOS activation. Taken together, our data suggest that chronic reduction of TOR activity by rapamycin blocked the progression of AD-like cognitive and histopathological deficits by preserving brain vascular integrity and function. Drugs that inhibit the TOR pathway may have promise as a therapy for AD and possibly for vascular dementias.
Vehicle networks: achieving regular formation (2004)

In this paper, we consider a network of vehicles exchanging information among themselves with the intension of achieving a specified polygonal formation. A stochastic model for information transmission and reception is considered, allowing for the random breaking of the communication links among the vehicles. The network achieves the formation through decentralized feedback control, which is constructed from the available information. Several information flow laws are considered in order to improve the performance of the vehicle network.
Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of In Vivo Cellular Dynamics (1998)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technology capable of cellular resolutions. OCT is based on the detection of backscattered near infrared laser radiation and is analogous to ultrasound B-mode imaging except reflections of light are detected rather than sound. Using the Xenopus laevis (African frog) developmental biology animal model, in vivo mitotic activity of differentiating mesenchymal cells was imaged throughout the cell cycle. Individual cell nuclei and membranes were identified with OCT free-space resolutions of 5 µm. Cell migration was observed by tracking neural crest melanocytes within nontransparent Xenopus specimens which may be relevant in developmental and molecular biology. Cell morphology was confirmed with corresponding histology. Optical coherence tomography may have the potential for imaging in vivo cellular morphology in humans for the early detection of neoplastic changes.
Biomarkers and Stimulation Algorithms for Adaptive Brain Stimulation (2017)

The goal of this review is to describe in what ways feedback or adaptive stimulation may be delivered and adjusted based on relevant biomarkers. Specific treatment mechanisms underlying therapeutic brain stimulation remain unclear, in spite of the demonstrated efficacy in a number of nervous system diseases. Brain stimulation appears to exert widespread influence over specific neural networks that are relevant to specific disease entities. In awake patients, activation or suppression of these neural networks can be assessed by either symptom alleviation (i.e., tremor, rigidity, seizures) or physiological criteria, which may be predictive of expected symptomatic treatment. Secondary verification of network activation through specific biomarkers that are linked to symptomatic disease improvement may be useful for several reasons. For example, these biomarkers could aid optimal intraoperative localization, possibly improve efficacy or efficiency (i.e., reduced power needs), and provide long-term adaptive automatic adjustment of stimulation parameters. Possible biomarkers for use in portable or implanted devices span from ongoing physiological brain activity, evoked local field potentials (LFPs), and intermittent pathological activity, to wearable devices, biochemical, blood flow, optical, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes, temperature changes, or optogenetic signals. First, however, potential biomarkers must be correlated directly with symptom or disease treatment and network activation. Although numerous biomarkers are under consideration for a variety of stimulation indications the feasibility of these approaches has yet to be fully determined. Particularly, there are critical questions whether the use of adaptive systems can improve efficacy over continuous stimulation, facilitate adjustment of stimulation interventions and improve our understanding of the role of abnormal network function in disease mechanisms.
An investigation of the mechanisms of nitroxide-induced proton relaxation enhancements in biopolymers (1984)

An investigation into the modes of interaction and mechanisms of proton relaxation enhancement of the ternary system dimethyl sulfoxide-nitroxide-gramicidin S has been performed. The data are consistent with previous studies of binary solvent-nitroxide systems. Both random collisional complexes involving van der Waals nitroxyl electron-proton contacts and hydrogen-bonded nitroxyl group-amide hydrogen interactions are important: they rationalize how the conformation of the peptide governs the relative proton relaxation rate enhancements and provide a mechanism that allows electron dipole-nuclear dipole relaxation. Although a fully quantitative account of the relative proton relaxation enhancements is too complex, this qualitative interpretation gives further justification for the use of the nitroxide perturbation method for delineating exposed vs. shielded protons in molecules and hence as an alternative approach to solution conformational analysis. © 1984 American Chemical Society.
Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Recommendation Statement (2006)

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has updated the 1996 recommendations for screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and the supporting scientific evidence. A Grade B recommendation, which means the UPSTF recommends clinicians provide the service to eligible patients, is made that men age 65 to 75 who have ever smoked have a one-time screening by ultrasonography. A Grade C recommendation (no recommendation for or against routine screening) has been made for men in this age group who have never smoked. Because women have low prevalence of AAA-related death, the USPSTF recommends against routine screening for AAA for asymptomatic patients (Grade D).
Supplementary Data CAN-17-0530R1 from miR-130a Deregulates PTEN and Stimulates Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. GFP-LC3 autophagosome puncta in MEF-iRas cells. Figure S2. X-gal staining for examining cell senescence. Figure S3. Comparing MEF-iRas, HOSE-iRas and MCF7-iRas cells for autophagic cell death. Figure S4. Cell proliferation and apoptosis in transformed MEFs with/without PTEN knockdown. Figure S5. The positions of PTEN sgRNAs in PTEN cDNA. Figure S6. Global somatic alterations of miR-130a/miR-130b. Figure S7. Correlation analysis between miR-130a and PTEN in breast cancer subtypes. Figure S8. The expression of miR-130a/miR-130b and PTEN in PR-positive and -negative breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Enzimas proteolíticas virais: dengue NS3 e polivírus 3C (2008)

Enzimas proteolíticas (peptidases) vêm sendo identificadas em uma ampla variedade de vírus patogênicos ao homem, de forma que inibidores para estas enzimas representam potenciais fármacos a serem utilizados no tratamento de diversas patologias. Peptidases virais têm revelado ainda novas estratégias químicas para a hidrólise de ligações peptídicas, constituindo um campo de grande interesse na enzimologia básica. Nesta tese, descrevemos a caracterização da especificidade enzimática da peptidase 3C do Poliovírus Humano (Gouvêa et al., Biochemistry 2006) e da peptidase NS2B-NS3 do Vírus da Dengue (Gouvêa et al., Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; Alves et al., J Comb Chem 2007) frente a diversos moduladores, tais como sais, solventes orgânicos e glicosaminoglicanos. Os dados obtidos delimitaram novas estratégias para o desenvolvimento de inibidores para as duas peptidases, como a incorporação de aminoácidos básicos não naturais em substratos para a Dengue NS3 e a inibição irreversível da peptidase 3C por compostos orgânicos de telúrio IV (Gouvêa et al. a ser submetido)..
Transcriptional profiling of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae under iron-restricted conditions (2007)

We have used transcriptional profiling to generate a list of genes showing differential expression during iron restriction. This strategy enabled us to gain a better understanding of the metabolic changes occurring in response to this stress. Many new potential iron acquisition systems were identified, and further studies will have to be conducted to establish their role during iron restriction.
Naive Human CD4+ T Cells Are a Major Source of Lymphotoxin α (1999)

Abstract It is generally accepted that immunologically naive T cells display a very restricted cytokine production profile consisting mainly of IL-2, which is used as an autocrine growth factor. Here we report that activated naive CD4+ T cells, of neonatal or adult origin, express very high levels of soluble lymphotoxin (LT) α (LTα3), as determined by ELISA, RNase protection assay, and intracytoplasmic staining. Besides LTα3 and IL-2, these cells also produce high levels of TNF-α together with significant amounts of IFN-γ and IL-13. Naive cells also express LTβ mRNA and the membrane form of LTα (LTαβ). On average, naive CD4+ T cells secrete four times more LTα3 than Th1-like cells, twice more than naive CD8+ T cells, and ten times more than B cells. Thus, naive T cells express a large spectrum of cytokines, mainly of the Th1 type, and the very high levels of LTα3/TNF-α that they release may play an hitherto unsuspected role in the early stage of T cell-dependent immune responses.
Transketolase abnormality in tolazamide‐induced Wernicke's encephalopathy (1986)

We studied a thiamine-dependent enzyme, transketolase, from fibroblasts of a diabetic patient who developed Wernicke's encephalopathy when treated with tolazamide, in order to delineate if this patient also had transketolase abnormality [high Km for thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)], as previously reported in postalcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. In addition to this patient, we also studied this enzyme from three diabetic kindreds without any history of Wernicke's encephalopathy and from four normal controls. We found that the above-mentioned patient and one of the diabetic kindreds with no history of Wernicke's encephalopathy had abnormal transketolase as determined by its Km for TPP. These data suggest a similarity between postalcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and the patient with tolazamide-induced Wernicke's encephalopathy from the standpoint of transketolase abnormality.
Meta-Analysis in Human Neuroimaging: Computational Modeling of Large-Scale (2014)

Spatial normalization—applying standardized coordinates as anatomical addresses within a reference space—was introduced to human neuroimaging research nearly 30 years ago. Over these three decades, an impressive series of methodological advances have adopted, extended, and popularized this standard. Collectively, this work has generated a methodologically coherent literature of unprecedented rigor, size, and scope. Large-scale online databases have compiled these observations and their associated meta-data, stimulating the development of meta-analytic methods to exploit this expanding corpus. Coordinate-based meta-analytic methods have emerged and evolved in rigor and utility. Early methods computed cross-study consensus, in a manner roughly comparable to traditional (nonimaging) meta-analysis. Recent advances now compute coactivation-based connectivity, connectivity-based functional parcellation, and complex network models powered from data sets representing tens of thousands of subjects. Meta-analyses of human neuroimaging data in large-scale databases now stand at the forefront of computational neurobiology.
Friendsourcing for the Greater Good: Perceptions of Social Microvolunteering (2014)

People with disabilities can be reluctant to friendsource help from their own friends for fear of appearing dependent or annoying. Our social microvolunteering approach has volunteers post friendsourcing tasks on behalf of people with disabilities. We demonstrate this approach via a Facebook application that answers visual questions on behalf of blind users.
Assessment methodologies for extrusion-based bioink printability (2020)

Extrusion-based bioprinting is one of the leading manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Its primary limitation is the lack of materials, known as bioinks, which are suitable for the bioprinting process. The degree to which a bioink is suitable for bioprinting has been described as its 'printability.' However, a lack of clarity surrounding the methodologies used to evaluate a bioink's printability, as well as the usage of the term itself, have hindered the field. This article presents a review of measures used to assess the printability of extrusion-based bioinks in an attempt to assist researchers during the bioink development process. Many different aspects of printability exist and many different measurements have been proposed as a consequence. Researchers often do not evaluate a new bioink's printability at all, while others simply do so qualitatively. Several quantitative measures have been presented for the extrudability, shape fidelity, and printing accuracy of bioinks. Different measures have been developed even within these aspects, each testing the bioink in a slightly different way. Additionally, other relevant measures which had little or no examples of quantifiable methods are also to be considered. Looking forward, further work is needed to improve upon current assessment methodologies, to move towards a more comprehensive view of printability, and to standardize these printability measurements between researchers. Better assessment techniques will naturally lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms which affect printability and better comparisons between bioinks. This in turn will help improve upon the bioink development process and the bioinks available for use in bioprinting.
Effect of Pressure on a Multicomponent A/B/A−C Polymer Blend with Attractive and Repulsive Interactions (2006)

The effect of pressure on the phase behavior of a multicomponent polymer blend was studied by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The blend was composed of saturated polybutadiene with 89% 1,2-addition (component A), polyisobutylene (component B), and an A−C diblock copolymer, where block A was chemically identical to component A and block C was a saturated polybutadiene with 63% 1,2-addition (sPB63). At atmospheric pressure, the blend forms a lamellar phase at low temperature, forms a microemulsion phase at intermediate temperatures and is macrophase separated at high temperatures. No evidence of homogeneous phases was found at atmospheric pressure. Upon pressurization the A/B/A−C blend exhibited a homogeneous phase across a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The pressure dependencies of the Flory−Huggins interaction parameters in this system (χAB, χAC, χBC) were determined from SANS measurements on binary blends and used to model the thermodynamic properties of the multicomponent blend as a function of temperature and pressure with the random phase approximation, self-consistent-field theory, and Flory−Huggins theory. We demonstrate excellent agreement between theory and experiment without any adjustable parameters.
10371 Executive Summary – Dynamic Maps (2011)

In recent years, the advent of car navigation systems has laid the ground for an entirely new industry sector, consisting of map producers, car/ personal/ smart phone navigation manufacturers, and service providers. It has probably gone unnoticed that navigation systems mark a major change in the way we use maps. Partially, they are still just a replacement for traditional maps, providing a means to store and visualize a representation of the environment. In contrast to the traditional use of maps, however, navigation systems perform computations using the map's data structures, such as shortest route, map matching, and route guidance. That is, from an abstract point of view, part of the map is made for machine use only – the user has no direct access to it but rather is only presented the outcome of the computations.
Stomach Cancer Risk After Treatment for (2013)

Purpose Treatment-related stomach cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among the growing number of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors, but risks associated with specific HL treatments are unclear.
Design of a Compact Four-Way Dual Polarization Orthomode Power Divider for Multiport Radiating Elements (2019)

International audience