gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional significance of the variations in the geometrical organization of tight junction networks. (1976)

Using freeze-fracture techniques, we have examined the morpholog of tight junction networks found along the length of the alimentary tract of Xenopus laevis before and after metamorphosis. We have developed the hypothesis, based on these observations, that the geometrical organization of the network determined by the stress-induced shape changes normally experienced by the cells linked by the network. Consistent with this theory, tight junctions can be classified into two distinct types of network organization which differ in their response normal and experimentally induced stress conditions: (a) loosely interconnected networks which can stretch or compress extensively under tension, thereby adapting to stress changes in the tissue; and (b) evenly cross-linked networks which retain their basic morphology under normal stress conditions. The absorptive cells of the large intestine as well as the mucous cells of the gastrointestine or stomach are sealed by the first, flexible type of tight junction. The second type of junctional organization, the evenly cross-connected network, is found between absorptive cells of the small intestine and ciliated cells of the esophagus, and reflects in its constant morphology the relative stability of the apical region of both of these cell types. Networks intermediate between these two types arise when a cell which would normally form a lossely interconnected network borders a cell which tends to form a more evenly cross-linked network, as is found in the esophagus where ciliated and goblet cells adjoin. Despite the change in the animal's diet during metamorphosis from herbivorous to carnivorous, the basic gemetrical organization of the networks associated with each tissue of the alimentary tract remains the same.
Light Polarization Control using Liquid Crystal Devices (1992)

Polarization controller of optical waves is an important component for optical telecommunication systems and information processing systems. For such component, small optical power loss, compactness, low power operation, stable operation against the disturbance, high speed response and large angle rotation of polarization plane are required.In this paper, possibility of liquid crystal devices is discussed as optical components which perform general polarization transformations under sequential control. It is shown that an input optical wave with arbitrary elliptical polarization has been transformed to desire linear polarization. This new device is well suited for automatic polarization control of the heterodyne optical detection systems.
Complete retrieval of multi-level Stokes vector signal by an InP-based photonic integrated circuit (2019)

An integrated Stokes vector receiver (SVR) that can retrieve state of polarization of light in the three-dimensional (3D) Stokes space has widespread applications, such as short-reach communication links, polarization-sensitive imaging, and sensing. While various approaches have been demonstrated to date, monolithic integration of polarization components on InP has been a challenging issue. In this paper, we develop a novel 4-port SVR circuit integrated on a compact InP chip to retrieve complete Stokes parameters of incoming light with various intensity and degree-of-polarization. By judiciously designing the lengths and positions of asymmetric waveguide sections, we demonstrate that the SV of signal can be projected onto four vertices of a regular tetrahedron inscribed in the Poincaré sphere. Additionally, we employ this device in decoding 10-Gbaud 4-ary and 8-ary Stokes-vector-modulated signals in the 3D Stokes space.
A 16-bit mixed-signal microsystem with integrated CMOS-MEMS clock reference (2004)

In this work, we report on an unprecedented design where digital, analog, and MEMS technologies are combined to realize a general-purpose single-chip CMOS microsystem. The convergence of these technologies has enabled the development of a low power, portable microinstrument ideally suited for controlling environmental and bio-implantable sensors.
Process R&D of Eravacycline: The First Fully Synthetic Fluorocycline in Clinical Development (2013)

Process research and development of the first fully synthetic broad spectrum 7-fluorotetracycline in clinical development is described. The process utilizes two key intermediates in a convergent approach. The key transformation is a Michael–Dieckmann reaction between a suitable substituted aromatic moiety and a key cyclohexenone derivative. Subsequent deprotection and acylation provide the desired active pharmaceutical ingredient in good overall yield.
Geographic variation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: insights from the VICTORIA trial (2022)

Abstract Background Geographic differences and background therapy have not been explored in the global VICTORIA trial, which enrolled high-risk patients with recent worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and results Among 5050 patients enrolled in 5 pre-specified geographic regions, 34% were from Eastern Europe, 18% Western Europe, 23% Asia Pacific, 14% Latin and South America, and 11% North America (Table 1). Patients from Western Europe were older, had more atrial fibrillation, and lower glomerular filtration rates. Patients from Eastern Europe had more coronary artery disease and exhibited more advanced symptoms (∼50% New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III), whereas those from Latin and South America were less symptomatic (∼70% NYHA class II). North American patients had the largest body mass index as well as more diabetes and hypertension. Levels of NT-proBNP at randomization and MAGGIC risk scores were highest in Western European patients. Evidence-based triple medication therapy was used most frequently in Latin and South America and less frequently in North America; conversely, cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter defibrillators were most frequently used in North America and least frequently in Latin and South America. The overall primary composite event rate (cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization) in the placebo arm was 36.6/100 person-years over a median of 10.8 months and after adjusting for the MAGGIC score. When examined by region, these event rates were nominally highest in North America and lowest in Western Europe. Conclusion Substantial regional differences exist in characteristics and treatments among patients in this global trial of patients with HFrEF and a recent worsening event. These findings demonstrate the continuing unmet needs and opportunities for enhancing care in HFrEF. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): VICTORIA was funded by Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA and Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany.
Platelet lntegrins (1995)

§ Publication #9221 -VB from the Scripps Research Institute. Supported by grants from the NIH: HL-48728, HL-31950, AR-27214, and HL-16411.
Myofibroblast keratinocyte growth factor reduces tight junctional integrity and increases claudin-2 levels in polarized Caco-2 cells (2012)

The colonic epithelium is composed of a polarized monolayer sheathed by a layer of pericryptal myofibroblasts (PCMFs). We mimicked these cellular compartments in vitro to assess the effects of paracrine-acting PCMF-derived factors on tight junction (TJ) integrity, as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Coculture with 18Co PCMFs, or basolateral administration of 18Co conditioned medium, significantly reduced TER of polarized Caco-2 cells. Among candidate paracrine factors, only keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) reduced Caco-2 TER; basolateral KGF treatment led to time- and concentration-dependent increases in claudin-2 levels. We also demonstrate that amphiregulin (AREG), produced largely by Caco-2 cells, increased claudin-2 levels, leading to epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated TER reduction. We propose that colonic epithelial TJ integrity can be modulated by paracrine KGF and autocrine AREG through increased claudin-2 levels. KGF-regulated claudin-2 induction may have implications for inflammatory bowel disease, where both KGF and claudin-2 are upregulated.
Can Quadratic Solitons Self-Accelerate? (2011)

We present accelerating self-trapped first- and second-harmonic beams in a phased-matched quadratic process. The acceleration results from the inner structure of the beams, which exhibit unique properties such as asynchronous interference and irregular power distribution.
Passivity-based PI control of switched power converters (2003)

This paper addresses the practically important question of when a nonlinear system can be asymptotically stabilized with a linear PI control, and show that it is possible if the system can be passified with constant control actions. This result is used to propose a constructive methodology to design PI schemes for switched power converters, which are viewed from a novel perspective: with the switches acting as effective “port variables” that establish a passive mapping with suitably defined outputs. Detailed calculations are given for a three-phase rectifier and simulations with a realistic model compares the performance of the proposed PI with other linear and nonlinear designs. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
Free and constrained motion teleoperation via naturally-transitioning rate-to-force control (2003)

The naturally-transitioning rate-to-force controller (NTRFC) is presented for remote teleoperation of manipulators. Our goal is to provide a single controller which handles free motion, constrained motion, and the transition in-between without any artificial changes. In free motion the displacement of the master device is proportional to the commanded Cartesian rate of the remote manipulator. In contact the displacement of the human operator's hand is proportional to the wrench exerted on the environment by the remote manipulator. The transition between free rate motion and applied-wrench contact with the environment requires no changes in control mode or gains and hence is termed natural. Furthermore, in contact, if the master enables force reflection, the wrench of the human operator's hand exerted on the master is proportional to the wrench exerted on the environment by the remote manipulator. This paper demonstrates the NTRFC concept via a simple 1-DOF model and then discusses experimental implementation and results from a remote Merlin manipulator teleoperated via the force-reflecting PHANToM interface.
Accept-Push-Policy Header Field (2016)

The Accept-Push-Policy and Push-Policy header fields enable a
client and a server to negotiate the behaviour of the server regarding
the usage of push on a per-request basis.
Plastic Waste Product Captures Carbon Dioxide in Nanometer Pores (2022)

Plastic waste (PW) and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are among the top environmental concerns presently facing humankind. With an ambitious 2050 zero-CO2 emissions goal, there is a demand for economical CO2 capture routes. Here we show that the thermal treatment of PW in the presence of potassium acetate yields an effective carbon sorbent with pores width of 0.7–1.4 nm for CO2 capture. The PW to carbon sorbent process works with single or mixed streams of polyolefin plastics. The CO2 capacity of the sorbent at 25 °C is 17.0 ± 1.1 wt % (3.80 ± 0.25 mmol g–1) at 1 bar and 5.0 ± 0.6 wt % (1.13 ± 0.13 mmol g–1) at 0.15 bar, and it regenerates upon reaching 75 ± 5 °C. The CO2 capture cost from flue gas via this technology is estimated to be <$21 ton–1 CO2, much lower than competing CO2 capture technologies. Hence, this PW-derived carbon material should find utility in the capture of CO2 from point sources of high CO2 emissions while providing a use for otherwise deleterious PW.
Semi-Persistent Scheduling with Single Shot Transmissions for Aperiodic Traffic (2021)

The cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) standard from 3GPP specifies semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) for medium access control (MAC). While SPS was originally designed with regular status updates in mind, experimental studies have shown some variability in the generation of V2X messages. As a result, packets might arrive that cannot be transferred via SPS reservations within a predefined delay budget. This triggers new reservations, which has a negative effect on MAC operation and performance. With this in mind, we propose a modification to the SPS protocol that uses single-shot transfers while maintaining the current SPS reservations. We evaluate the performance of the modified SPS scheme using both analytical and numerical simulations for Poisson traffic. Specifically, we derive a closed solution for throughput as a function of the delay budget and the resource reservation interval. We provide a performance comparison with SPS for periodic traffic and quantify the performance loss due to the aperiodic traffic.
Decreased prevalence of asthma among children with high exposure to cat allergen: relevance of the modified Th2 response (2001)

This article has no abstract.
An architecture exploration environment for system on chip design (2005)

The MICAS architecture is a novel System-on-Chip (SoC) architecture for mobile phone peripherals. Characteristic for MICAS is the separation of data-flows from control-flows. To design MICAS systems we have implemented a tool that is based on UML and MDA. The tool makes it possible to visually develop new designs that can then be transformed into a SystemC simulator for further testing. The MICAS tool is implemented using Coral. Coral is a metamodel-independent software platform to create, edit and transform new models and metamodels at run-time. Coral provides support for a number of languages, including UML and MOF.
Effect of ONC201 and bortezomib on apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) xenografts. (2017)

e19016 Background: Our group has previously shown preclinical in vitro efficacy of novel small molecule, ONC201 across several pediatric NHL cell lines (Talekar et al, 2015) as a monoagent as well as in combination with chemotherapy agents, significantly cytarabine and bortezomib. We investigated the preclinical efficacy of ONC201 and bortezomib combination in vivo in a NHL mouse xenograft model. Methods: Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line (Ramos) transduced with lentiviral GFP was utilized to establish subcutaneous flank xenografts in 5-7 week(wk) old immunodeficient SCID mice [NOD.Cg- Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl /SzJ]. All tumors were established by Day 10, detected by bioluminescent imaging and were serially imaged x1/wk. Mice were studied in 4 treatment arms (7 mice per arm) as tabulated in the table. Results: Mice in Arms 1, 2 &amp; 3 had continued tumor growth and were humanely euthanized during Wk 3- 4 of treatment when the tumor volume reached the maximum allowable size per the approved institutional IACUC protocol. Mice in Arm 4 showed gross tumor necrosis and had to be euthanized in Wk 4. Upon treatment initiation, 2 mice in each arm were sacrificed at 48 and 72 hours respectively and tumor samples harvested for histology and IHC analysis (TRAIL and CHOP/GADD). Histological analysis revealed that the control group had predominantly viable tumor cells at both 48 &amp; 72 H. The monoagent groups showed minimal cell death with bortezomib alone and modest cell death with ONC201 as monoagent in clustered regions. In contrast, the combination group showed: i) extensive global tumor necrosis with nuclear debris on H&amp;E, ii) prominent TRAIL induction by IHC analysis, and, iii) significant apoptotic cell death accompanied by CHOP /GADD overexpression indicating potential ER stress. Induction of these pharmacodynamic markers in Arm 4 were evident at 48H and more prominent at the 72H. Conclusions: ONC201 effectively synergizes with bortezomib to cause apoptotic tumor cell death in pediatric NHL murine xenograft and merits further investigation. [Table: see text]
Characterization of Ribavirin Aerosol With Small Particle Aerosol Generator and Vibrating Mesh Micropump Aerosol Technologies (2016)

The vibrating mesh micropump nebulizer may provide an effective alternative to the small-particle aerosol generator in administration of ribavirin using NaCl or sterile water, both on and off the ventilator. Further clinical studies are needed to compare efficacy.
Sequential Energy and Electron Transfer in Aggregates of Tetrakis[oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)] Porphyrins and C60 in Water (2005)

Chiral aggregation of oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)-functionalized Zn and free-base porphyrins is observed in water. The formation of mixed assemblies containing both porphyrins results in sequential energy transfer from OPV via zinc porphyrin to free-base porphyrin. Furthermore, the incorporation of C60 as electron acceptor yields a charge separated state by ultimate electron transfer.
Two Related Families of Retrotransposons from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1990)

Two related families of transposons were isolated from schizosaccharomyces pombe, an organism which has been the object of extensive genetic studies which had previously produced no evidence for the existence of such elements. These two classes of repeated DNAs, dubbed Tf1 (transposon of fission yeast 1) and Tf2 have many properties of retrotransposons. Tf1 and Tf2 both possess long terminal repeats and predicted protein sequences that resemble the protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase domains of retroviruses. The chromosomal locations and total numbers of Tf1 and Tf2 differ greatly in various isolates of S. pombe. The Tf elements are expressed in the form of 4.5-kb mRNAs. The complete sequence of Tf1 was determined and suggests that a novel mechanism for regulating its gene expression may be used.
An Advanced Patient Lift and Transfer Device for the Home (2010)

The home lift, position, and rehabilitation (HLPR) chair has a unique design and novel capabilities when compared with conventional powered wheelchairs. In addition to mobility, it provides lift and can transfer patients. Even though medical devices are developing at a rapid pace today, an aspect that is often overlooked in these developments is adherence to “rider safety standards.” The contributions of this paper are threefold: (i) novel design of a lift and transfer system, (ii) experiments and results toward improved stability test designs that include HLPR-type devices to meet rider safety standards, and (iii) autonomous navigation and control based on nonlinear system theory of dynamic feedback linearization. Stability experimental results show promise for multipurpose patient mobility, lift, and transfer devices such as HLPR. A method for autonomous maneuvers was tested in simulation and experiments. We also expect the autonomous or semi-autonomous mobility mode of the vehicle to be useful for riders who have potential neural and cognitive impairments.
Neural Ontogeny of Higher Brain Function: Implications of Some Recent Neurophysiological Findings (1991)

Despite substantial experimental interest in the processes of "development" of the nervous system, there is surprisingly little direct understanding of neurophysiological processes underlying cognition and its ontogeny. There are several obvious reasons for this lack of progress. First, neuroscience has largely dealt with the issues of development in the terms of prenatal or early postnatal maturation of anatomical structures and connections, and of the origins of response primitives principally within "primary" cortical fields as they relate to anatomical maturation. Second, studies in animals beyond the first weeks of life have largely focused on examination of static anatomical and functional properties of sensory and motor systems. There has been very little study of the young or adult mammalian forebrain through a period of acquisition of new behaviors. Third, examination of complexly coupled flesh and blood neuronal networks, in which dynamic processes underlying progressive development of new perceptual abilities and motoric skills are resident, has been very limited. The dynamics of the complexly interconnected forebrain machinery cannot be reconstructed from data generated by the predominant neurophysiological method, i.e., by recording the activity of usually-unidentified network elements one at a time (see Mountcastle, this volume).
Clinical introduction of image lag correction for a cone beam CT system (2016)

The lag correction was successfully implemented clinically and removed most image lag artifacts thus improving the image quality. Image lag correction parameters were stable for 3 months indicating low frequency of calibration requirements.
A Novel Role for Defensins in Intestinal Homeostasis: Regulation of IL-1β Secretion (2007)

Impaired expression of alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptides and overproduction of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we examine the interactions between alpha-defensins and IL-1beta and the role of defensin deficiency in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. It was found that matrix metalloproteinase-7-deficient (MMP-7(-/-)) mice, which produce procryptdins but not mature cryptdins (alpha-defensins) in the intestine, were more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Furthermore, both baseline and dextran sulfate sodium-induced IL-1beta production in the intestine were significantly up-regulated in MMP-7(-/-) mice compared with that in control C57BL/6 mice. To elucidate the molecular mechanism for the increased IL-1beta production in defensin deficiency in vivo, we evaluated the effect of defensins on IL-1beta posttranslational processing and release. It was found that alpha-defensins, including mouse Paneth cell defensins cryptdin-3 and cryptdin-4, human neutrophil defensin HNP-1, and human Paneth cell defensin HD-5, blocked the release of IL-1beta from LPS-activated monocytes, whereas TNF-alpha expression and release were not affected. Unlike alpha-defensins, human beta-defensins and mouse procryptdins do not have any effect on IL-1beta processing and release. Thus, alpha-defensins may play an important role in intestinal homeostasis by controlling the production of IL-1beta.
Nephrocystin-4 Regulates Pyk2-induced Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Nephrocystin-1 to Control Targeting to Monocilia (2011)

Nephronophthisis is the most common genetic cause of end-stage renal failure during childhood and adolescence. Genetic studies have identified disease-causing mutations in at least 11 different genes (NPHP1-11), but the function of the corresponding nephrocystin proteins remains poorly understood. The two evolutionarily conserved proteins nephrocystin-1 (NPHP1) and nephrocystin-4 (NPHP4) interact and localize to cilia in kidney, retina, and brain characterizing nephronophthisis and associated pathologies as result of a ciliopathy. Here we show that NPHP4, but not truncating patient mutations, negatively regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of NPHP1. NPHP4 counteracts Pyk2-mediated phosphorylation of three defined tyrosine residues of NPHP1 thereby controlling binding of NPHP1 to the trans-Golgi sorting protein PACS-1. Knockdown of NPHP4 resulted in an accumulation of NPHP1 in trans-Golgi vesicles of ciliated retinal epithelial cells. These data strongly suggest that NPHP4 acts upstream of NPHP1 in a common pathway and support the concept of a role for nephrocystin proteins in intracellular vesicular transport.