gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Roothairless5, which functions in maize (Zea maysL.) root hair initiation and elongation encodes a monocot‐specificNADPHoxidase (2014)

Root hairs are instrumental for nutrient uptake in monocot cereals. The maize (Zea mays L.) roothairless5 (rth5) mutant displays defects in root hair initiation and elongation manifested by a reduced density and length of root hairs. Map-based cloning revealed that the rth5 gene encodes a monocot-specific NADPH oxidase. RNA-Seq, in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR experiments demonstrated that the rth5 gene displays preferential expression in root hairs but also accumulates to low levels in other tissues. Immunolocalization detected RTH5 proteins in the epidermis of the elongation and differentiation zone of primary roots. Because superoxide and hydrogen peroxide levels are reduced in the tips of growing rth5 mutant root hairs as compared with wild-type, and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to be involved in tip growth, we hypothesize that the RTH5 protein is responsible for establishing the high levels of ROS in the tips of growing root hairs required for elongation. Consistent with this hypothesis, a comparative RNA-Seq analysis of 6-day-old rth5 versus wild-type primary roots revealed significant over-representation of only two gene ontology (GO) classes related to the biological functions (i.e. oxidation/reduction and carbohydrate metabolism) among 893 differentially expressed genes (FDR <5%). Within these two classes the subgroups 'response to oxidative stress' and 'cellulose biosynthesis' were most prominently represented.
Directly probing the mechanical properties of the spindle and its matrix (2020)

The spindle matrix does not make a significant mechanical contribution to metaphase spindle length.Several recent models for spindle length regulation propose an elastic pole to pole spindle matrix that is sufficiently strong to bear or antagonize forces generated by microtubules and microtubule motors. We tested this hypothesis using microneedles to skewer metaphase spindles in Xenopus laevis egg extracts. Microneedle tips inserted into a spindle just outside the metaphase plate resulted in spindle movement along the interpolar axis at a velocity slightly slower than microtubule poleward flux, bringing the nearest pole toward the needle. Spindle velocity decreased near the pole, which often split apart slowly, eventually letting the spindle move completely off the needle. When two needles were inserted on either side of the metaphase plate and rapidly moved apart, there was minimal spindle deformation until they reached the poles. In contrast, needle separation in the equatorial direction rapidly increased spindle width as constant length spindle fibers pulled the poles together. These observations indicate that an isotropic spindle matrix does not make a significant mechanical contribution to metaphase spindle length determination.
A Proposal of Secure Session Provider Service over NGN (2010)

In these days, telecom operators in the world have been constructing Next Generation Network (NGN). NGN can provide QoS and security guaranteed communication to its users. However, the protection of communication is limited inside NGN. Therefore, when the interconnection between NGN and the Internet will be widely used in near future, it will become an important problem to solve how it protects the communications crossing over NGN and the Internet.This paper proposes a secure communication provider service that protects the confidentiality and integrity of communications crossing over NGN and the Internet by setting up and controlling the IPsec session in cooperation with NGN's call session control function (CSCF). In this service, the secure session control provider (sSCP) server and CSCF authenticate its user as Trusted Third Party on behalf of service providers. In addition, this service provides the ability of fast session establishment because sSCP distributes a security association for IPsec session between the user and service provider via the SIP session protected by NGN.
A Prospective Randomized Comparison in Humans of 90‐μF and 120‐μF Biphasic Pulse Defibrillation Using a Unipolar Defibrillation System (1995)

We conclude that 90-mu F, 65% tilt biphasic pulses used with unipolar pectoral defibrillation systems have equivalent stored energy defibrillation efficacy compared to 120-mu F, 65% tilt pulses. Use of lower capacitance is possible in present implantable defibrillators without compromising defibrillation.
Biological Activity and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from Jamaican Hyptis verticillata Jacq. (2005)

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Hyptis verticillata Jacq. was elucidated by a combination of GC and GC-MS analyses. The oil was dominated by the sesquiterpenoids cadina-4,10(15)-dien-3-one (15.1%) (1) and aromadendr-1(10)-en-9-one (squamulosone) (30.7%) (2). The oil exhibited chemosterilant activities against the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus Canest., and toxic action against adult Cylas formicarius elegantulus Summer, the most destructive pest of sweet potato (Ipomoea species).
Long-term relapse-free survival in a phase 2 study of blinatumomab for the treatment of patients with minimal residual disease in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2017)

Long-term relapse-free survival in a phase 2 study of blinatumomab for the treatment of patients with minimal residual disease in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia *Includes one patient who completed the study in remission, with RFS of 59.7 months (4.97 years).**One patient was censored after 43 days (1.4 months) because of withdrawal of consent.***Patients could have both rearrangements and translocations.HSCT: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; CR1: first hematologic complete remission; CR2+: second or
An Origami-Inspired Foldable Reflectarray on a Straight-Major Square-Twist Pattern (2021)

This paper proposes a high-gain Reflectarray Antenna (RA) design on an origami-inspired foldable structure, which is based on the straight-major square-twist pattern (SMST). The antenna was designed to operate at 16 GHz and direct its main beam along φ = 00, 8 = 300 direction with a gain of 28.34 dBi. The RA was excited by a horn antenna of 14 dBi gain with Q-factor of 5.25 positioned at a distance of 10λ with a 10° offset angle. The foldable nature of our origami-inspired structure provides a 92% packing efficiency of the RA aperture surface area, thereby offering a significant advantage for small satellites and terrestrial tactical applications.
ChemInform Abstract: SELENIUM DIOXIDE OXIDATIONS IN THE INDOLE AREA. SYNTHESIS OF β‐CARBOLINE ALKALOIDS (1983)

Abstract Die Oxidation von Piperidinindolen mit SeO 2 wird beschrieben.
Forecasting U.S. Domestic Migration Using Internet Search Queries (2019)

Roughly one in ten Americans move every year, bringing significant social and economic impact to both the places they move from and places they move to. We show that migration intent mined from internet search queries can forecast domestic migration and provide new insights beyond government data. We extract from a major search engine (Bing.com) 120 million raw queries with migration intent from 2014 to 2016, including origin and destination geographies, and the specific intent for migration such as whether the potential migration is housing or employment related. Using these queries, we map U.S. state level migration flows, validate them against government data, and demonstrate that adding search query-based metrics explains variance in migration prediction above robust baseline models. In addition, we show that the specific migration intent extracted from these queries unpack the differential demands of migrants with different demographic backgrounds and geographic interests. Examples include interactions between age, education, and income, and migration attributes such as buying versus renting housing and employment in technology versus manual labor job sectors. We discuss how local government, policy makers, and computational social scientists can benefit from this information.
Quantification of Ocular Parameters To Create An Anatomical Eye Model for The Japanese Population (2021)

Abstract This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the eye shape and visual function of Japanese people through a multicenter approach and to create a Japanese model eye. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA, respectively) in the log minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), subjective and objective spherical equivalent values (SE) of ocular refraction, anterior and posterior corneal curvature (ACC and PCC, respectively), anterior and posterior corneal asphericity (ACA and PCA, respectively), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and ocular axial length (AL) were measured in the eyes of 250 participants (mean age = 46.5 ± 18.0 years, range: 20–90 years) across five institutions in Japan. The mean UDVA, CDVA, subjective SE, objective SE, ACC, PCC, ACA, PCA, CCT, ACD, and AL were 0.68, -0.08, -2.42 D, -2.66 D, 7.77 mm, 6.33 mm, -0.31, -0.39, 0.55 mm, 2.92 mm, and 24.78 mm, respectively. Age-related changes and sex-based differences were observed in the visual acuity, refraction, corneal shape, ACD, and AL. Although the sample size needs to be increased, the results of this study can be applied to the development of refractive correction methods and various vision-related fields.
Effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 on interleukin-8 production by human neutrophils and monocytes. (1993)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a major neutrophil chemoattractant and functional stimulant that is induced by IL-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We report that recombinant human (rh) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and rhIL-3 are also potent inducers of IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) accumulation and protein secretion by normal peripheral blood monocytes. Neutrophils produce IL-8 in response to GM-CSF but not to IL-3. In contrast, recombinant human granulocyte-CSF (rhG-CSF), at concentrations as high as 100 ng/mL, does not induce IL-8 in either cell type. rhGM-CSF also induces IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 protein in the promonocytic cell line, U-937, whereas rhG-CSF does not. IL-8 secretion by monocytes was stimulated within 2 hours after incubation with rhGM-CSF or rhIL-3. Stimulation of neutrophils with rhGM-CSF resulted in an increase in cell-associated IL-8 at 4 hours. At 24 hours, cell-associated IL-8 levels declined, whereas secreted IL-8 levels increased. In contrast, virtually all IL-8 induced in monocytes appeared as secreted protein. Neither rhGM-CSF nor rhIL-3 induced detectable secretion of IL-1, TNF alpha, or IL-6 protein by monocytes. rhGM-CSF, and to a lesser degree rhIL-3, potently stimulated IL-8 secretion in cultures of heparinized whole blood, whereas rhG-CSF had no significant effect on IL-8 secretion. Induction of IL-8 by GM-CSF may be physiologically important in enhancing the acute inflammatory response.
Highly efficient red electrophosphorescent devices based on an iridium complex with trifluoromethyl-substituted pyrimidine ligand (2004)

Highly efficient red-emitting electrophosphorescent devices were fabricated by doping an iridium (Ir) complex containing trifluoromethyl (CF3)-substituted pyrimidine ligand into a conjugated bipolar polyfluorene with triphenylamine and oxadiazole as side chains. The device efficiency can be enhanced through effective exciton confinement using a layer of 1,3,5-tris(N- phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene on the cathode side and a layer of in situ polymerized tetraphenyldiamine-perfluorocyclobutane on the anode side. For a blend with 5wt% of the Ir complex, a maximum external quantum efficiency of 7.9 photon/electron % and a maximum brightness of 15800cd∕m2 are reached with Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of x=0.65 and y=0.34.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induce Matrix Metalloproteinase–Mediated Cetuximab Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 170K, Protection from cetuximab treatment is provided by cancer-associated fibroblast-derived soluble factors&lt;/p&gt;
Mutations in the Small Subunit of Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Increase the Formation of the Misfire Product Xylulose-1,5-Bisphosphate (1997)

The small subunit (S) increases the catalytic efficiency of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39) by stabilizing the active sites generated by four large subunit (L) dimers. This stabilization appears to be due to an influence of S on the reaction intermediate 2,3-enediol, which is formed after the abstraction of a proton from the substrate ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. We tested the functional significance of residues that are conserved among most species in the carboxy-terminal part of S and analyzed their influence on the kinetic parameters of Synechococcus holoenzymes. The replacements in S (F92S, Q99G, and P108L) resulted in catalytic activities ranging from 95 to 43% of wild type. The specificity factors for the three mutant enzymes were little affected (90-96% of wild type), but Km(CO2) values increased 0.5- to 2-fold. Mutant enzymes with replacements Q99G and P108L showed increased mis-protonation, relative to carboxylation, of the 2,3-enediol intermediate, forming 2 to 3 times more xylulose-1,5-bisphosphate per ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate utilized than wild-type or F92S enzymes. The results suggest that specific alterations of the L/S interfaces and of the hydrophobic core of S are transmitted to the active site by long-range interactions. S interactions with L may restrict the flexibility of active-site residues in L.
NF-κB inhibition delays DNA damage–induced senescence and aging in mice (2012)

The accumulation of cellular damage, including DNA damage, is thought to contribute to aging-related degenerative changes, but how damage drives aging is unknown. XFE progeroid syndrome is a disease of accelerated aging caused by a defect in DNA repair. NF-κB, a transcription factor activated by cellular damage and stress, has increased activity with aging and aging-related chronic diseases. To determine whether NF-κB drives aging in response to the accumulation of spontaneous, endogenous DNA damage, we measured the activation of NF-κB in WT and progeroid model mice. As both WT and progeroid mice aged, NF-κB was activated stochastically in a variety of cell types. Genetic depletion of one allele of the p65 subunit of NF-κB or treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of the NF-κB-activating kinase, IKK, delayed the age-related symptoms and pathologies of progeroid mice. Additionally, inhibition of NF-κB reduced oxidative DNA damage and stress and delayed cellular senescence. These results indicate that the mechanism by which DNA damage drives aging is due in part to NF-κB activation. IKK/NF-κB inhibitors are sufficient to attenuate this damage and could provide clinical benefit for degenerative changes associated with accelerated aging disorders and normal aging.
High-power InP-based waveguide photodiodes and photodiode arrays heterogeneously integrated on SOI (2012)

For the first time we demonstrate evanescently-coupled modified uni-traveling carrier photodiodes (MUTC PDs) on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide with an internal responsivity of 0.85 A/W, up to 15 GHz bandwidth, and high RF output power. A novel 2-element MUTC PD array has a saturation current-bandwidth-product of >;630 mA*GHz and achieves +9 dBm RF output power at 20 GHz.
A DNA-inspired function-reconfigurable double-helix antenna and video transmission system [Education column] (2014)

A function-reconfigurable double-helix printed antenna, inspired by DNA structures, is proposed. The antenna, consisting of two metal strips printed on a substrate, was designed, optimized, and fabricated. It was more stable than a metal-wire antenna. The antenna was demonstrated to have a remarkable functional reconfigurability with different lumped elements between the two helices. When the element is chosen as a capacitor, the antenna works as a broadband and high-gain antenna. When the element is an inductor, the antenna operates as a frequency-tunable antenna with a wide tuning range. While the antennas with both elements are circularly polarized, good performance of these antennas is exhibited.
Bond-Mediated Electron Tunneling in Ruthenium-Modified High-Potential Iron−Sulfur Protein (2000)

High-potential iron−sulfur proteins (HiPIPs) are found in photosynthetic purple nonsulfur bacteria. The three-dimensional structure of Chromatium vinosum HiPIP features two short segments of α-helix, three strands of antiparallel β-pleated sheet, and a small helix near the N-terminus. The cubane [Fe_4S_4] cluster is attached covalently to the polypeptide matrix through Fe−S^γ bonds to cysteines 43, 46, 63, and 77. The side chains of Tyr19, Phe48, Trp60, Phe66, Trp76, Trp80, and other nonpolar residues encapsulate the cluster in a hydrophobic cavity that is inaccessible to solvent. Tyr19, which contacts the [Fe_4S_4] core, has been suggested to play a particularly important structural role. In both oxidation states, the cysteinyl and core inorganic sulfur atoms are involved in H-bonding interactions with peptide NH protons.
Guard-ring dependence of noise characteristics for single-photon avalanche diodes in a standard CMOS technology (2017)

We investigate the effects of guard-ring structure on noise characteristics for CMOS-compatible single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). SPADs with different guard-ring structures are fabricated in standard 0.18-μm CMOS technology and the noise characteristics as dark current, dark-count rate and afterpulsing probability are measured and analyzed.
ChemInform Abstract: Steroids. Part 327. 2α,3α‐Dihydroxy‐7‐oxa‐6‐oxo‐B‐homo‐5α‐pregnan‐21‐oic Acid and Its Derivatives as Brassinolide Analogues. (1987)

Abstract The synthesis of the title compounds (VIIa) starts with the acid (I) as shown in the scheme.
Suppression of Hysteresis Effects in Organohalide Perovskite Solar Cells (2017)

Thin‐film solar cell based on hybrid perovskites shows excellent light‐to‐power conversion efficiencies exceeding 22%. However, the mixed ionic‐electronic semiconductor hybrid perovskite exhibits many unusual properties such as slow photocurrent instabilities, hysteresis behavior, and low‐frequency giant capacitance, which still question us so far. This study presents a direct surface functionalization of transparent conductive oxide electrode with an ultrathin ≈2 nm thick phosphonic acid based mixed C60/organic self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) that significantly reduces hysteresis. Moreover, due to the strong phosphonates bonds with indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, the SAM/ITO substrates also exhibit an excellent recyclability merit from the perspective of cost effectiveness. Impedance studies find the fingerprint of an ion‐based diffusion process in the millisecond to second regime for TiO 2 ‐based devices, which, however, is not observed for SAM‐based devices at these low frequencies. It is experimentally demonstrated that ion migration can be considerably suppressed by carefully engineering SAM interfaces, which allows effectively suppressing hysteresis and unstable diode behavior in the frequency regime between ≈1 and 100 Hz. It is suggested that a reduced density of ionic defects in combination with the absence of charge carrier accumulation at the interface is the main physical origin for the reduced hysteresis.
Margin adaptive resource allocation in downlink OFDMA system with outdated channel state information (2009)

Most of existing works on resource allocation in TDMA and OFDMA systems assume the availability of perfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The availability of only a noisy estimate of the channel and the feedback delay are the problems which are faced more often. In this paper, we study the effect of feedback delay on resource allocation in a downlink OFDMA system. We approach the problem by using convex optimization framework and get the optimal solution with zero optimality gap. By considering the probability distribution function of the current CSI conditioned on outdated CSI in the resource allocation framework, we propose an algorithm that minimizes the total transmit power of the system subject to strict constraints on users' conditional expected capacities. Results show that the system performance is sensitive to feedback delay and provide guidelines for system dimensioning and design.
F-0820 Computation of Oscillatory Flow in a Stenosed Blood Vessel Using Voxel Information in a Cartesian Coordinate System (2001)

Aiming at establishment of a method to solve blood flow in a Cartesian coordinate system by directly utilizing voxel data of medical images, we have developed a method to determine boundaries of a specific domain in a manner of VOF (fractional volume of fluid) and incorporated it into a NS solver. Some preliminary results are presented of oscillatory flow in a stenosed blood vessel, which show reasonable agreement with other results.
Efficient route to highly functionalized tetrahydrofurans by stereocontrolled silicon‐directed cyclization (1994)

Abstract Cyclization of 3,4,6‐tri‐ O ‐benzyl‐2,5‐di‐ O ‐trimethylsilyl‐1‐deoxy‐1‐phenyldiisopropylsilyl‐L‐glucitol in the presence of BF 3 ·Et 2 O or catalytic H 2 SO 4 proceeds stereoselectively to give predominantly the fully benzylated 2,5‐anhydro‐L‐glucitol derivative without occurrence of the Peterson elimination.
<b>ALTERATION OF INSULIN RECEPTORS IN H35 RAT HEPATOMA CELLS BY </b><b>TUNICAMYCIN </b> (1983)

The influence of tunicamycin, an antibiotic that inhibits lipid-linked protein glycosylation, was studied on both insulin receptors and insulin action in cultured H35 Reuber hepatoma cells. These cells have previously been shown to be extremely sensitive to insulin. After a 4 h delay, tunicamycin caused a progressive reduction in the binding-of insulin to its receptor with a half-life of 15.5 h. The effect of tunicamycin on insulin binding was one-half maximal at 0.4 pg/ml and maximal at 1.0-2.0 pg/ml. After a 48 h incubation with 1.0 pg/ml tunicamycin, insulin binding to its receptors fell to l0-20% of control. Scatchard analyses revealed that tunicamycin reduced the number of insulin receptors without significantly influencing receptor affinity. The sensitivity (EDSO) of H35 cells to insulin, as measured by enhancement of both tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) activity and [3H]uridine incorporation, decreased in direct proportion to the tunicamycin-induced receptor loss. These findings suggest, therefore, that the insulin receptor of H35 cells either contains or is regulated by a glycoprotein moiety and that the sensitivity of the cells to insulin is directly related to the number of insulin receptors present.
Long-Rangeultrasound Wake-Up Receiver with a Piezoelectric Nanoscale Ultrasound Transducer (pNUT) (2020)

We report on the first implementation of a long-range wake-up receiver (WuRx) enabled by an aggressively scaled 100 nm thick aluminum nitride transducer that occupies an area of only <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$100\ \mu \mathrm{m}\ \times\ 100\ \mu \mathrm{m}$</tex> . This piezoelectric Nanoscale Ultrasound Transducer (pNUT) offers the same sensitivity and characteristic impedance of its microscale counterparts but enables “dust-like” WuRx because of its dramatically reduced size. We validate this concept by synthesizing a WuRx using a pNUT and off-the-shelf electronic components forming a voltage amplifier, an envelope detector and a comparator (Fig. 1). We demonstrate robust data transfer over a range of 0.5 m when operating with a 40 kHz carrier signal modulated at 250Hz. Based on these measurements we extrapolate the device performance at resonance to show that communication over> 10m is possible without increasing the WuRx area.