gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Demand-Responsive Pricing in Open Wireless Access Markets (2007)

Radio resource management (RRM) across operator boundaries is emerging as a salient feature for wireless systems beyond 3G. Until recently, research has been confined to solutions where cooperating networks enter explicit sharing agreements that define how responsibilities and revenues should be divided. An alternative would be to share the infrastructure implicitly by establishing an open wireless access market wherein networks not only compete for users on a long-term time-scale, but also on a much shorter time-base. This could be realized with an architecture where autonomous trade-agents, that reside in terminals and access points (APs), manage the resources through negotiations. In this paper we develop a framework for studying demand-responsive pricing in contexts where APs with overlapping coverage compete for users. Resources are partitioned through a proportional fair divisible auction and our aim is to establish if, and when, an open market for wireless access can be self-sustained. Compared to a scenario where APs cooperate, our results show that, an open access market results in better services at lower price which in the prolonging also yields more satisfied customers. As an effect demand will increase and, from the perspective of the APs, act as a counterbalance to the reduced prices. Thus, the revenue earned by the APs will be comparable to the one in which obtained through AP cooperation and monopoly (cartel) pricing. Generally speaking, the difference between the cooperative and noncooperative RRM is small when the demand is concave and increases with the convexity of demand.
Interpenetrating polymer networks from acetylene terminated materials (1989)

As part of a program to develop high temperature/high performance structural resins for aerospace applications, the chemistry and properties of a novel class of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were investigated. These IPNs consist of a simple diacetylenic compound (aspartimide) blended with an acetylene terminated arylene ether oligomer. Various compositional blends were prepared and thermally cured to evaluate the effect of crosslink density on resin properties. The cured IPNs exhibited glass transition temperatures ranging from 197 to 254 C depending upon the composition and cure temperature. The solvent resistance, fracture toughness and coefficient of thermal expansion of the cured blends were related to the crosslink density. Isothermal aging of neat resin moldings, adhesive and composite specimens showed a postcure effect which resulted in improved elevated temperature properties. The chemistry, physical and mechanical properties of these materials will be discussed.
Deposition of gallium oxide nanodots prepared from metal‐assembling dendrimer molecules isolated by the spacing of the nonmetal‐assembling dendrimer molecules in the two‐dendrimers mixture monolayer (2013)

Phenylazomethine dendrimers (DPA) can precisely incorporate metal chlorides onto the imine sites in a stepwise fashion. Such precise dendrimer–metal complexes allow the preparation of size‐controlled subnanometer metal particles. We now propose a novel approach for the fabrication of size‐controlled subnanometer metal oxide dots isolated on a substrate using two different‐type dendrimers. One is a fourth‐generation phenylazomethine dendrimer (DPAG4) and the other is a benzylether dendrimer (BzEG3) with a zinc porphyrin core. Even though the diameter of BzEG3 corresponds to that of DPAG4, BzEG3 has no metal‐complexing site. Upon dip coating on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrate by the mixed solution of the metal chloride‐assembling DPAG4 molecules and BzEG3 molecules, the dendrimer monolayer was immobilized on the substrate. The concentration of the dendrimer mixture was determined in order to separate each DPAG4–metal chloride complex molecule by BzEG3. Monodispersed metaloxide nanodot arrays could be obtained from the dendrimer monolayer in which DPAG4–metal chloride complex molecule is well isolated by the BzEG3 as a spacer after the hydrolysis of metal chlorides followed by the complete removal of dendrimers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical Processes and Apparatuses for the Abatement of Acid Orange 7 in Water (2014)

We have studied the electrochemical treatment of aqueous solutions contaminated by Acid Orange 7 (AO7) by electro-Fenton process (EF).The main objective was to evaluate how the electrochemical route affects the performances of the degradation process.EF process was carried out in a number of very different reactors: conventional bench scale electrochemical cell, microfluidic electrochemical reactor, microbial fuel cell and stack for reverse electrodialysis processes.The utilisation of micro devices allowed to work without the addition of a supporting electrolyte and improved the performances of EF.Microbial fuel cell did not need the supply of electric energy but our device required very long treatment times.Reverse electro dialysis processes did not need electric energy and gave more reasonable treatment times.
On Gaseous Free-Convection Heat Transfer With Well-Defined Boundary Conditions (2000)

The scaling of free convection heat transfer is investigated. The nondimensional groups for Boussinesq and fully compressible variable property free convection, driven by isothermal surfaces, are derived using a previously published novel method of dimensional analysis. Both flows are described by a different set of groups. The applicability of each flow description is experimentally investigated for the case of the isothermal horizontal cylinder in an air-filled isothermal enclosure. The approach taken to the boundary conditions differs from that of previous investigations. Here, it is argued that the best definition of the boundary conditions is achieved for heat exchange between the cylinder and the enclosure rather than the cylinder and an arbitrarily chosen fluid region. The enclosure temperature is shown both analytically and experimentally to affect the Nusselt number. The previously published view that the Boussinesq approximation has only a limited range of application is confirmed, and the groups derived for variable property compressible free convection are demonstrated to be correct experimentally. A new correlation for horizontal cylinder Nusselt number prediction is presented. [S0022-1481(00)01604-2]
A novel pyrrolo[3, 2‐d]pyrimidine derivative, as a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, shows potent antitumor activity by suppression of tumor angiogenesis (2012)

We recently reported that compound 20d (comp.20d), a novel pyrrolo[3, 2-d]pyrimidine derivative, is a potent and selective inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis-related kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). In this study, we show that comp.20d potently blocks the VEGF- and PDGF-stimulated cellular phosphorylation (IC(50) = 2.5 and 3.6 nM, respectively) and proliferation of HUVECs and human coronary artery smooth muscle cells with IC(50) values of 2.8 and 9.6 nM, respectively, and potently inhibits the VEGF-induced tube formation of endothelial cells cocultured with fibroblasts (IC(50) = 3.3 nM). Given orally twice daily, comp.20d at the doses of 1.5-6 mg/kg showed antitumor effects in mice bearing various human cancer xenografts. Consistent with the anti-angiogenic mechanism of action, histological examination of tumors from comp. 20d-treated mice indicated a decrease in microvessel density and inhibition of pericyte recruitment to microvessels, and these were concomitant with decreased interstitial fluid pressure that allowed for therapeutic intratumoral uptake of CPT-11 (irinotecan hydrochloride). In conclusion, comp.20d is an extremely potent inhibitor of VEGFR/PDGFR kinases whose activities suggest therapeutic potential for the treatment of solid tumors that rely on angiogenesis for their survival.
Resolution capability and the mask error enhancement function (MEEF) for ArF and KrF lithography (2001)

Early insertion of ArF nm lithography will occur at the 130 nm node in 2001. Process development for the 100 nm node will also occur this year. Both aggressive gate length reductions and minimum pitch design rules below 250 nm present immediate challenges for the new ArF technology. Gate line widths with approach one half of the wavelength of the exposure system. Contact holes and dark field mask trench structures for 100 nm node will require use of high NA ArF scanners as well as advanced illumination conditions. Development of processes utilizing OPC and PSM as well as advanced illumination conditions are critical to achieving adequate resolution, process latitude, and CD control. With the introduction of very low k1 processes the pattern collapse problem that was anticipated for NGL lithography is upon us today. Another result of sub-wavelength patterning and low contrast images is that the CD variation in the photomask gives rise to a larger than expected printed CD changes: the so-called MEEF (Mask Error Enhancement Factor). The MEEF can be defined as the slope of the litho process linearity curve. This paper will address pattern collapse and CD control issues for bright and dark field images using a full field ArF scanner. We will demonstrate that the resist choice, dark field and bright field printing, feature size and pitch, process conditions, as well as illumination conditions influence the process non- linearity and MEEF. We will compare this with resolution capability and MEEF of modern KrF resist and attempt to quantify the maturity of ArF resist technology. The CD range of 90 - 140 nm is studied using binary masks, as well as alternating and attenuated PSM masks with ArF exposure. We will examine the possibility of optical proximity corrections for dark field structures with low and high MEEF.
Study of the Flow Over Wind Turbine Blade (2011)

This paper presents the comparison of the performance between two different designs of wind turbine blades; one is a straight and the other with a backward swept blade. The straight edge blade was constructed so that it is optimal on coming wind and rotation speeds with 7m/s and 20rpm. The blade has a length of 20m and uses a constant airfoil cross section NACA 4412. The swept edge blade has the same characteristics as the straight edge except for the trajectory of the edge. Each cross section has the same dimensions and has at the same distance from the hub as its corresponding section in the straight edge blade. To test this new design the performance of both blades were measured using CFD at a wind speeds ranging 0 to 20m/s. Comparisons were made for power generation and acoustic noise for both designs of the blades.
Efficient, scalable consistency for highly fault-tolerant storage (2004)

Fault-tolerant storage systems spread data redundantly across a set of storage-nodes in an effort to preserve and provide access to data despite failures. One difficulty created by this architecture is the need for a consistent view, across storage-nodes, of the most recent update. Such consistency is made difficult by concurrent updates, partial updates made by clients that fail, and failures of storage-nodes. This thesis demonstrates a novel approach to achieving scalable, highly fault-tolerant storage systems by leveraging a set of efficient and scalable, strong consistency protocols enabled by storage-node versioning. Versions maintained by storage-nodes can be used to provide consistency, without the need for central serialization, and despite concurrency. Since versions are maintained for every update, even if a client fails part way through an update, concurrency exists during an update, the latest complete version of the data-item being accessed still exists in the system?it does not get destroyed by subsequent updates. Additionally, versioning enables the use of optimistic protocols. This thesis develops a set of consistency protocols appropriate for constructing blockbased storage and metadata services. The block-based storage protocol is made space efficient through the use of erasure codes and made scalable by offloading work from the storage-nodes to the clients. The metadata service is made scalable by avoiding the high costs associated with agreement algorithms and by utilizing threshold voting quorums. Fault-tolerance is achieved by developing each protocol in a hybrid storage-node fault-model (a mix of Byzantine and crash storage-nodes can be tolerated), capable of tolerating crash or Byzantine clients, and utilizing asynchronous communication.
Determination of Immunoreactive Fraction of Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibodies: What Is an Appropriate Method? (2004)

Determination of the immunoreactive fraction (IF) of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MAb) is essential to the understanding of the effects of radiolabeling and subsequent target-specific tumor localization. There has been generally no accepted method of determining the IF of MAbs. The conventional method is based on a radioimmunoassay technique in which the fraction of radiolabeled MAb bound to antigen under conditions of "antigen excess" is determined. Lindmo et al. introduced a modified method in which the IF is determined by extrapolation to conditions representing "infinite antigen excess." Although the Lindmo method, in principle, is insensitive to experimental parameters, it does not always provide a reliable estimate of IF. We, therefore, evaluated an alternate method in which percent cell bound fraction is measured under conditions of fixed antigen concentration and various dilutions of radiolabeled MAb. We developed a mathematical equation to estimate immunoreactivity. J591 MAb specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen was radiolabeled with (111)In, (90)Y and (177)Lu to specific activities of 1-20 mCi/mg. We compared the effect of several experimental conditions on the determination of IF using all three different methods. The Lindmo method requires careful optimization of experimental conditions for each radiolabeled MAb. The alternate method, based on a fixed antigen concentration, appears to be practical and may provide a more reliable measure of immunoreactivity.
Reduction of open circuit voltage loss in a polymer photovoltaic cell via interfacial molecular design: Insertion of a molecular spacer (2013)

Loss to the open circuit voltage (Voc) in organic photovoltaic cells is a critical bottleneck to achieving high power conversion efficiency. We demonstrate that the insertion of multilayers of a poly(phenylene ethynylene) spacer into the planar heterojunction between poly(3-hexylthiophene) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester incrementally escalates the Voc of a polymer solar cell from 0.43 V to 0.9 V. Through a combination of light intensity and temperature dependent measurements, we show that this control over the molecular structure local to the interface increases Voc by raising the polaron pair energy and by suppressing the dark-diode current.
Fit-for-Purpose Synthesis of an Aza-Cryptophycin Analogue as the Payload for an Antibody–Drug Conjugate (2022)

The synthesis of an aza-cryptophycin analogue is described, featuring a highly trans-selective ring-closing metathesis reaction and an asymmetric Corey–Chaykovsky-type reaction to install the epoxide function. This latter reaction is an answer to the long-standing synthetic challenged posed by the efficient formation of the epoxide function of the cryptophycin family of compounds in a diastereoselective manner. It allows for a one-third reduction in the number of steps compared with the previously used synthesis (27 to 19 steps) and increases the overall yield of the longest linear sequence by a factor of 27 (0.6% to 16%). This fit-for-purpose synthesis allowed the production of a steady supply of the material for the early phase of a cryptophycin-based antibody–drug conjugate program.
NLDMOS ESD Scaling Under Human Metal Model for 40-V Mixed-Signal Applications (2012)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness of LDMOS (laterally diffused MOS) devices is found to be highly dependent on the type of ESD stress. In particular, the device's ESD robustness does not scale with the device width, and this condition is substantially aggravated during the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61000-4-2 stress condition. IEC 61000-4-2 is a system-level ESD standard increasingly being adopted in the industry for ESD robustness assessment at the integrated circuit level. A comprehensive evaluation under the IEC 61000-4-2 stress impacting precision circuit designs is introduced in this letter for variable width LDMOS devices fabricated in a 0.18-μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS process for 40-V mixed-signal applications.
Transmitter-in-the-loop optimization of physical radar emissions (2012)

Ongoing work is exploring the optimization of physical radar emissions based on the continuous phase modulation (CPM) implementation of polyphase codes. Here a modification to the code search strategy known as Marginal Fisher's Information (MFI) is presented that enables this greedy approach to further improve upon the performance of the resulting CPM-implemented continuous waveform in terms of range sidelobes. The optimization process is also expanded to include the effects of the transmitter (from both modeled and physical hardware perspectives) to facilitate the optimization of physical emissions that are specifically tuned to the transmitter. This approach is particularly useful for high-power transmitters in which the actual physical emission is a spectrally modified and non-linearly distorted version of the intended radar waveform.
The Real-Time Temporal and Spatial Diagnostics of Ultrashort High-Power Laser Pulses using an All-Reflective Single-Shot Autocorrelator (2014)

An all-reflective, simple noncollinear second harmonic (SH) autocorrelator is described for monitoring the shot-to-shot behavior of ultrashort high-power laser pulses. Two mirrors are used for the dispersion-free splitting of a pulse into two halves. One of the mirrors is able to adjust the delay time and angle between two halves of the laser pulse in a nonlinear crystal. We present the possibility of real-time measurement of the pulse duration, peak intensity (or energy), and the pointing jitters of a laser pulse, by analyzing the spatial profile of the SH autocorrelation signal measured by a CCD camera. The measurement of the shot-to-shot variation of those parameters will be important for the detailed characterization of laser accelerated electrons or protons.
Synthesis and catalytic activity of aluminium-free zeolite Ti-β oxidation catalysts (1996)

Al-free Ti-β zeolite is synthesized and it shows an enhanced activity and selectivity to the epoxide in the oxidation of alkenes with H2O2 in protic solvents with respect to the previously reported (Al)-Ti-β samples.
Development of cultivation method forLeucopaxillus giganteusfruiting bodies inCryptomeria japonicaartificial forests (2021)

Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) forests are devastated and abandoned in Japan. Although mushroom products are profitable, with the marketable ones expected to originate from Japanese forests, a few fungi mainly develop fruiting bodies in sugi forests in nature. With white mushrooms (Sugi-take) being popularly eaten by local residents in Mie prefecture, it is thus important that the mode of occurrence of white mushrooms found in the forests is investigated to determine the possibility of marketable forest products in sugi forests. In the phylogenetic tree constructed based on the internal transcribed region of rDNA, white mushrooms were divided into two groups; Leucopaxillus giganteus (a synonym of Aspropaxillus giganteus) and Aspropaxillus, and Clitocybe sp. and L. tricolor. The cultivation method of L. giganteus, which is the most functional mushroom among the three species, was examined. L. giganteus fruiting bodies formed a fairy ring at a distance of 1 m from the point of burial of 40 kg media in the sugi forest. L. giganteus fruiting body formation was observed until 5 years post-inoculation. The yield was 3.8–13.4 kg/year and the total yield for 5 years was 43.2 kg. The fruiting body yield buried in spring was higher than that buried in autumn. The highest yield was obtained when 40 kg of media was buried in the forest soil. This study established a method for cultivating L. giganteus in the sugi forest of Japan.
Lyotropic liquid crystalline L3 phase silicated nanoporous monolithic composites and their production (2023)

A mesoporous ceramic material is provided having a pore size diameter in the range of about 10-100 nanometers produced by templating with a ceramic precursor a lyotropic liquid crystalline L.sub.3 phase consisting of a three-dimensional, random, nonperiodic network packing of a multiple connected continuous membrane. A preferred process for producing the inesoporous ceramic material includes producing a template of a lyotropic liquid crystalline L.sub.3 phase by mixing a surfactant, a co-surfactant and hydrochloric acid, coating the template with an inorganic ceramic precursor by adding to the L.sub.3 phase tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) or tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and then converting the coated template to a ceramic by removing any remaining liquids.
Bidirectional activity and orientation‐dependent specificity of the rat aldolase C promoter in transgenic mice (2001)

We previously reported that the rat aldolase C 115 bp promoter is sufficient to ensure the brain specific expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in transgenic mice. We identify in a further reduced 84 bp promoter several putative binding sites for the transcriptional factors Sp1, USF, AP1, and AP2. Deletion or mutation of these partially overlapping binding sites results in inactivation of the cognate transgenes. Moreover, we show that the 115 bp sequence is able to direct bidirectional transcription in vivo but, surprisingly, transcriptional activity in the opposite direction is no more brain specific.
DAQ system for LEPS experiment (2001)

A data acquisition (DAQ) system for experiments with the Laser Electron Photons at SPring-8 (LEPS) has been developed based on network distributed architecture. The system is designed so as to transfer digitized data with a 1-kHz trigger rate from various front-end electronics. Four local DAQ systems with VME board computers at the front end play a role to provide modularity, scalability, and flexibility. Data from each local DAQ system are sent through fast Ethernet to the data server. With this DAQ system, experiments to measure /spl phi/ photoproduction at LEPS started on May 2000. Signals from scintillation counters, drift chambers, and silicon strip detectors were successfully stored on disk. The performance of the present DAQ system is found to be good enough for the measurement.
Tumor-specific cytolytic CD4 T cells mediate immunity against human cancer (2021)

CD4 T cells have been implicated in cancer immunity for their helper functions. Moreover, their direct cytotoxic potential has been shown in some patients with cancer. Here, by mining single-cell RNA-seq datasets, we identified CD4 T cell clusters displaying cytotoxic phenotypes in different human cancers, resembling CD8 T cell profiles. Using the peptide-MHCII-multimer technology, we confirmed ex vivo the presence of cytolytic tumor-specific CD4 T cells. We performed an integrated phenotypic and functional characterization of these cells, down to the single-cell level, through a high-throughput nanobiochip consisting of massive arrays of picowells and machine learning. We demonstrated a direct, contact-, and granzyme-dependent cytotoxic activity against tumors, with delayed kinetics compared to classical cytotoxic lymphocytes. Last, we found that this cytotoxic activity was in part dependent on SLAMF7. Agonistic engagement of SLAMF7 enhanced cytotoxicity of tumor-specific CD4 T cells, suggesting that targeting these cells might prove synergistic with other cancer immunotherapies.