gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF BROMOCRIPTINE AND CHLOROTRIANISENE ON TNHIBITION OF LACTATION AND SERUM PROLACTIN A COMPARATIVE DOUBLE‐BLIND STUDY (1975)

A double-blind study to compare the effect of 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (bromocriptine, CB 154, Sandoz) an ergot alkaloid with chlorotrianisene (Tace, Mer-National) on the inhibition of postpartum lactation was carried out in 38 women. At the dosages selected bromocriptine was more effective than chlorotrianisene in inhibiting lactation. Furthermore, bromocriptine significantly reduced serum prolactin levels to low normal values by the seventh day of treatment, whereas chlorotrianisene did not alter the normal progressive reduction in prolactin post-partum. Neither drug had significant toxic effects.
Computerized scheme for the detection of pulmonary nodules (2003)

A computerized scheme to detect locations of lung nodules in digital chest images is discussed. The method is based on a difference-image approach and various feature-extraction techniques, including a growth test, a slope test and a profile test. The aim of the detection scheme is to direct the radiologist's attention to locations in an image that may contain a pulmonary nodule. Final decisions are made by the radiologist. Results of a preliminary observer study suggest that such a computer aid can improve the detection performance of radiologists.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Review of the Molecular Structure and Aggregation of Asphaltenes and Petroleomics (2008)

Summary Tremendous strides have been made recently in asphaltene science. Many advanced analytical techniques have been applied recently to asphaltenes, elucidating many asphaltene properties. The inability of certain techniques to provide correct asphaltene parameters has also been clarified. Longstanding controversies have been resolved. For example, molecular structural issues of asphaltenes have been resolved; in particular, asphaltene molecular weight is now known. The primary aggregation threshold has recently been established by a variety of techniques. Characterization of asphaltene interfacial activity has advanced considerably. The hierarchy of asphaltene aggregation has emerged into a fairly comprehensive picture, essentially in accord with the Yen model with the additional inclusion of certain constraints. Crude oil and asphaltene science is now poised to develop proper structure-function relations that are the defining objective of the new field: petroleomics. The purpose of this paper is to review these developments in order to present a more clear and accessible picture of asphaltenes, especially considering that the asphaltene literature is a bit opaque.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhancement in the Performance of Ultrathin Hematite Photoanode for Water Splitting by an Oxide Underlayer. (2012)

Abstract Nb 2 O 5 and TiO 2 underlayers enhance the photoconversion efficiency of ultrathin hematite (α‐Fe 2 O 3 ) photoelectrodes for water splitting.
A luminescence-based assay for sensitive nitric oxide detection (2007)

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the protection against the onset and progression of various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis, which are associated with an apparently reduced NO bioavailability. Therefore, the NO/cGMP signaling pathway has gained considerable attention and has become a target for new drug development. We have established a rapid, homogeneous, cell-based and highly sensitive nitric oxide reporter assay which is suitable for ultra-high-throughput screening. In our coculture system, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mediated NO generation is monitored in living cells via soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activation and calcium influx through the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) cation channel CNGA2, acting as the intracellular cGMP sensor [1]. Using this NO reporter assay, a fully automated highthroughput screening campaign for stimulators of NO synthesis was performed. The coculture system reflects most aspects of the natural NO/cGMP signaling pathway. Namely, Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent regulation of eNOS activity by G protein-coupled receptor agonists, oxidative stress, phosphorylation, and cofactor availability, as well as NO-mediated stimulation of cGMP synthesis by sGC activation. The reporter assay allows the real-time detection of NO synthesis within living cells and makes it possible to identify and characterize activators and inhibitors of enzymes involved in the NO/cGMP pathway. References 1. Wunder F, Stasch JP, Hutter J, Alonso-Alija C, Huser J, Lohrmann E: A cell-based cGMP assay useful for ultra-high-throughput screening and identification of modulators of the NO/cGMP pathway. Anal Biochem 2005, 339:104-112. from 3rd International Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications Dresden, Germany. 15–17 June 2007
Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on 3D video processing (2010)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2010 ACM Multimedia -- 1st Int. Workshop on 3D Video processing (3DVP). Research on 3D video processing has gained a tremendous amount of momentum due to advances in video communications, broadcasting and entertainment technology (e.g., animation blockbusters like Avatar and Up). There is an increasing need for reliable technologies capable of visualizing 3-D content from viewpoints decided by the user; the 2010 football World Cup in South Africa has made very evident the need to replay crucial football footage from new viewpoints to decide whether the ball has or has not crossed the goal line. Remote videoconferencing prototypes are introducing a sense of presence into large- and small-scale (PC-based) systems alike by manipulating single and multiple video sequences to improve eye contact and place participants in convincing virtual spaces. All this, and more, is pushing the introduction of 3D services and the development of high-quality 3D displays to be available in a future which is drawing nearer and nearer. Beside the commercially interesting areas in entertainment and broadcasting, 3D video is becoming important in many other fields related to the analysis of single and multiple video streams. Examples are security and surveillance, biomechanics, human motion analysis and modelling, 3D reconstruction, indexing and retrieval as well as medical imaging. In all of these fields, 3D video processing plays a key role and a large variety of challenges can be recognized. The aim of this workshop is to bring together leading experts in the field of 3D video processing from academia and industry, creating a stimulating and informative forum on recent advances in this exciting field.

The call for papers attracted 16 submissions from Asia, Europe, and the United States. The program committee accepted 10 papers that cover many aspects related to 3D video processing, organized in sessions on video-based rendering (with papers on visual effects, multi-view coding, and segmentation for wide-baseline stereo), 3-D reconstruction (with papers on mesh-based surface generation for free-viewpoint video, stereoscopic cinema, and feature extraction from uncalibrated video), and multi-view analysis (with papers on 3-D watermarking, articulated human tracking, and non-rigid stereo reconstruction). In addition, the program includes a keynote speech by Dr Jonathan Starck, a well-respected researcher and practitioner, to deliver the invited talk of the workshop on stereo in post-production. Dr. Starck is the Lead Research Engineer at The Foundry, UK, a world-leading innovator of visual effects and image processing technologies.
Improving the frequency purity of a narrow-line single-mode compound-ring erbium fiber laser (1995)

A single-mode erbium fiber ring laser has an inherent behavior of mode-hopping a few gigahertz1,2 because of the long ring cavity. Although mode-hop-free single-mode operation can be achieved by using an active stabilization loop,3 such a method produces an associated frequency dithering (AFD) that is unacceptable to applications in interferometry and high-precision spectroscopy.
Aberration correction in diagnostic ultrasound: A review of the prior field and current directions (2023)

Medical ultrasound images are reconstructed with simplifying assumptions on wave propagation, with one of the most prominent assumptions being that the imaging medium is composed of a constant sound speed. When the assumption of a constant sound speed are violated, which is true in most in vivoor clinical imaging scenarios, distortion of the transmitted and received ultrasound wavefronts appear and degrade the image quality. This distortion is known as aberration, and the techniques used to correct for the distortion are known as aberration correction techniques. Several models have been proposed to understand and correct for aberration. In this review paper, aberration and aberration correction are explored from the early models and correction techniques, including the near-field phase screen model and its associated correction techniques such as nearest-neighbor cross-correlation, to more recent models and correction techniques that incorporate spatially varying aberration and diffractive effects, such as models and techniques that rely on the estimation of the sound speed distribution in the imaging medium. In addition to historical models, future directions of ultrasound aberration correction are proposed.
Studying the Properties of Laser Annealed AlSi Alloys (2012)

The back surface field used in solar cells is normally done by alloying Al and Si in a belt furnace. Processes for advanced rear side passivation like, for example, aluminum oxide, require low thermal budget for crystalline silicon solar cells in order to maintain the compatibility with those layers. Lasers are good candidates for these applications. The electrical and morphological properties of an AlSi alloy formed by an excimer laser are evaluated in this work. Helped by simulations, the Al thickness range for the experiment has been chosen and the samples are irradiated at Excico, with a XeCl laser operating at 308 nm. In some of these areas (1cm x 1cm), a double shot was done repeating the fluence. SIMS measurements have been performed to quantify the Al present in the alloy. For the electrical characterization, sheet resistance values are measured before and after annealing and compared for the different pulse energies. The penetration ranges for each energy density and the sheet resistances values of the AlSi formed are reported. SEM images of the local contacts with dielectric stack show AlSi compounds formed locally, proving the passivation layers acted as a barrier layer for alloy formation.
Production and Targeting of theBrucella abortusAntigen L7/L12 inLactococcus lactis: a First Step towards Food-Grade Live Vaccines against Brucellosis (2002)

Brucella abortus is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterial pathogen that infects humans and animals by entry mainly through the digestive tract. B. abortus causes abortion in pregnant cattle and undulant fever in humans. The immunogenic B. abortus ribosomal protein L7/L12 is a promising candidate antigen for the development of oral live vaccines against brucellosis, using food-grade lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a carrier. The L7/L12 gene was expressed in Lactococcus lactis, the model LAB, under the nisin-inducible promoter. Using different signals, L7/L12 was produced in cytoplasmic, cell-wall-anchored, and secreted forms. Cytoplasmic production of L7/L12 gave a low yield, estimated at 0.5 mg/liter. Interestingly, a secretable form of this normally cytoplasmic protein via fusion with a signal peptide resulted in increased yield of L7/L12 to 3 mg/liter; secretion efficiency (SE) was 35%. A fusion between the mature moiety of the staphylococcal nuclease (Nuc) and L7/L12 further increased yield to 8 mg/liter. Fusion with a synthetic propeptide (LEISSTCDA) previously described as an enhancer for heterologous protein secretion in L. lactis (Y. Le Loir, A. Gruss, S. D. Ehrlich, and P. Langella, J. Bacteriol. 180:1895-1903, 1998) raised the yield to 8 mg/liter and SE to 50%. A surface-anchored L7/L12 form in L. lactis was obtained by fusing the cell wall anchor of Streptococcus pyogenes M6 protein to the C-terminal end of L7/L12. The fusions described allow the production and targeting of L7/L12 in three different locations in L. lactis. This is the first example of a B. abortus antigen produced in a food-grade bacterium and opens new perspectives for alternative vaccine strategies against brucellosis.
RNA interference targeting α8 integrin attenuates smooth muscle cell growth (2007)

alpha8 integrin gene silencing has been shown to result in the stress fibre disassembly. Stress fibres are required for cell adhesion to promote passage through cell cycle. Thus, we hypothesized that alpha8 integrin gene silencing might affect vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth. Short interference RNA (siRNA) targeting alpha8 integrin in rat VSMCs resulted in reduced DNA synthesis. Moreover, siRNA-alpha8 integrin prevented thrombin-induced proliferation. RhoA plays a critical role in regulating VSMC growth. alpha8 integrin co-immunoprecipitated with RhoA and siRNA-alpha8 reduced membrane associated RhoA. Our data suggest that alpha8 integrin expression is critical for VSMC growth, which has potential implications in postangioplasty neointimal hyperplasia.
Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of Allosteric Potentiators of the M4 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2009)

An iterative analogue library synthesis strategy rapidly developed comprehensive SAR data for a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). This effort identified key moieties that improved microsomal stability and physiochemical properties. Moreover, this series displayed an order of magnitude greater potency for human versus rat M4, providing compounds with EC50 values in the 100 nM range.
Direct nose to brain delivery of small molecules: critical analysis of data from a standardized in vivo screening model in rats (2020)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is often a limiting factor for getting drugs in the brain. Bypassing the BBB by intranasal (IN), or also called nose to brain (NTB), route is an interesting and frequently investigated concept for brain drug delivery. However, despite the body of evidence for IN drug delivery in literature over the last decades, reproducibility and interpretation of animal data remain challenging. The objective of this project was to assess the feasibility and value of a standardized IN screening model in rats for the evaluation of direct brain delivery. A chemically diverse set of commercial and internal small molecules were tested in the <i>in vivo</i> model with different doses and/or formulations. Data were analyzed using different ways of ratio calculations: blood concentration at time of sacrifice, total exposure in blood (area under the curve, AUC) and the brain or olfactory bulb concentrations. The IN route was compared to another parenteral route to decide if there is potential direct brain transport. The results show that blood and tissue concentrations and ratios are highly variable and not always reproducible. Potential direct brain delivery was concluded for some compounds, however, sometimes depending on the analysis: using blood levels at sacrifice or AUC could lead to different conclusions. We conclude that a screening model for the evaluation of direct brain transport of small molecules is very difficult to achieve and a conclusion based on a limited number of animals with this variability is questionable.
Isoxazole chemistry. 5. N-Alkylation and N-acylation of 5-amino-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)isoxazoles (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsoxazole chemistry. 5. N-Alkylation and N-acylation of 5-amino-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)isoxazolesR. G. Micetich, R. Raap, and C. G. ChinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 9, 856–860Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00291a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00291a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Transient Model of a Cs-Ba Diode (1994)

A transient model of a Cs‐Ba diode is developed assuming homogeneous plasma conditions. The diode model is coupled to a sub‐model of the control circuit that is being used to test the Cs‐Ba tacitron. Model calculations compare favorably with experimental results. The model predicts correct trends, such as increased voltage drop as either the Cs pressure in the interelectrode gap, or the discharge current increases or the decrease of minimum voltage drop with increasing Cs reservoir temperature. The model also determines the I–V curves that not only have the right shape but are numerically similar to the measured I–V curves.
Predicting the possibility of two newly isolated phenetheren ring containing compounds from Aristolochia manshuriensis as CDK2 inhibitors (2011)

CDK2 - cyclin-dependent kinase 2, OLO - Olomoucine, NW1 - Cyclohexylmethyloxy-5-Nitroso-Pyrimidine- 2, 4-Diamine, CMG - 6-O-Cyclohexylmethyl Guanine.
Exploiting mobility in proportional fair cellular scheduling: Measurements and algorithms (2014)

Proportional Fair (PF) scheduling algorithms are the de-facto standard in cellular networks. They exploit the users' channel state diversity (induced by fast-fading), and are optimal for stationary channel state distributions and an infinite time-horizon. However, mobile users experience a non-stationary channel, due to slow-fading (on the order of seconds), and are associated with basestations for short periods. Hence, we develop the Predictive Finite-horizon PF Scheduling ((PF) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> S) Framework that exploits mobility. We present extensive channel measurement results from a 3G network and characterize mobility-induced channel state trends. We show that a user's channel state is highly reproducible and leverage that to develop a data rate prediction mechanism. We then present a few channel allocation estimation algorithms that rely on the prediction mechanism. Our trace-based simulations consider instances of the PF <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> S Framework composed of combinations of prediction and channel allocation estimation algorithms. They indicate that the framework can increase the throughput by 15%–55% compared to traditional PF schedulers, while improving fairness.
Optical properties of tumor tissues grown on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs measured with a double integrating sphere and inverse Monte Carlo method in the wavelength range of 350–1000 nm (2013)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an attractive method because of the shorter decay time of photosensitivity compared with PDT using other drugs. However, the optimum conditions to perform ALA-PDT, e.g., drug dose, wavelength, and irradiation dose have never been clarified. To evaluate the effectiveness of PDT using ALA and its dependence on drug dose, wavelength, and irradiation dose in the treatment of tumors, the usefulness of a tumor model prepared with tumor cells grown on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs was studied by measuring the optical properties of the tumor model. The optical properties of tumor model were measured with a double integrating sphere optical setup and inverse Monte Carlo technique in the wavelength range from 350 to 1000 nm. The spectra of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of the tumor model grown in the chicken eggs were compared with those of the other tumor model grown in mice. The measured optical properties of the tumor model using chicken eggs were similar to those of the tumor model using mice. These results indicate that the tumor model using chicken eggs is a suitable system to investigate the effectiveness of ALA-PDT. This in vivo assay system for tumors has advantages for evaluating antitumor effect of ALA-PDT because of its convenience, rapidity, and inexpensiveness.
Optical Technology for EUV Lithography (1996)

A high-throughput optical system that has a bouncing number of only four, including a reflective mask, was designed. The illumination system is comprised of a single tilted-ellipsoidal mirror, that is suitable for a two-aspherical-mirror ring-field imaging system. A prototype optical system was evaluated using synchrotron radiation at the Photon Factory. The experimental results combined with calculations have indicated that a throughput of 15 to 20 wafers/h can be obtained by using the optical system in combination with a compact storage ring. In addition, 0.12-μm line-and-space patterns were delineated in parts of the ring field. The use of alternating and attenuated reflective phase-shifting masks is also discussed to enhance the resolution of EUV lithography.
Induction of lef1 during zebrafish fin regeneration (2000)

Because the transcription factor Lef1 is important for development of several vertebrate organs but has not been investigated for involvement in epimorphic regeneration, we examined its expression during regeneration of amputated adult zebrafish caudal fins. We found that lef1 is markedly up-regulated in the newly formed wound epidermis of the fin regenerate and is maintained in the basal epidermal layer during formation of the regeneration blastema. During regenerative outgrowth, lef1 expression is strongest in epidermal cells adjacent to newly aligned scleroblasts that secrete bone matrix, while it is low or undetectable in epidermis adjacent to mesenchymal areas with either mature bone or proliferative distal blastema cells. This localization is similar to that of the putative fin ray patterning signal Shh. In addition, brief treatments of fin regenerates with retinoic acid or the synthetic Fgfr1 inhibitor SU5402 down-regulate epidermal lef1, similar to their effects on shh. These results suggest a role for Lef1 in scleroblast alignment analogous to that proposed for Shh. Other Wnt signaling pathway members wnt3a, wnt5, and beta-catenin are also expressed in the fin regenerate. Our data suggest that Lef1 has specific roles in inducing and patterning vertebrate regenerating tissue.