gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Topography Directed Cell Adhesion on Spider Silk Surfaces (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 5/2023) (2023)

Selective Topography Directed Cell Adhesion In article number 2201936, Sarah Lentz, Vanessa Tanja Trossmann, and Thomas Scheibel use maskless lithography to prepare gradient-patterned recombinant spider silk films for selective cell attachment allowing the development of tissue-specific modified surfaces. Topographical surface gradients displaying different shapes (e.g., hearts, squares, hexagons, stars) and sizes (40–100 μm) enable selective cell attachment and guide alignment and orientation of cells on recombinant spider silk materials.
Predicting Subsystem Failures using Dependency Graph Complexities (2007)

In any software project, developers need to be aware of existing dependencies and how they affect their system. We investigated the architecture and dependencies of Windows Server 2003 to show how to use the complexity of a subsystem's dependency graph to predict the number of failures at statistically significant levels. Such estimations can help to allocate software quality resources to the parts of a product that need it most, and as early as possible.
Manual Debugging (1976)

Whereas during testing the task is to determine the presence of errors, that is the external observation of error symptoms, the task during debugging is to find the cause of these errors and to eliminate them.
Changes of portal systemic shunting after sclerotherapy and/or partial splenic embolization observed by Tl-201 per-rectal administration. (1988)

Tl-201 per-rectal scintigraphy was performed before and after injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices and/or partial splenic embolization in patients with esophageal varices to observe the changes of portal systemic shunting by these treatments. The changes in the heart-to-liver uptake ratio of Tl-201 after injection sclerotherapy ranged widely from a decrease to an increase with the mean change rate (mean of the absolute value of change rate) +/- 1 SD of 19.0% +/- 19.9%. By partial splenic embolization the heart-to-live uptake ratio was decreased significantly with the mean change rate +/- 1 SD of 26.2% +/- 17.4% (P less than 0.05). This noninvasive and simple method seems to be useful in evaluating pathophysiological changes of portal systemic shunting observed from inferior mesenteric vein blood flow after treatments of portal circulation system.
Chirp-based LPD/LPI underwater acoustic communications with code-time-frequency multidimensional spreading (2016)

Most underwater acoustic communication systems incorporate well-recognized, easily detectable narrowband signals modulated over low-frequency carriers at high transmission powers, which ultimately limits LPD/LPI performance of the communication scheme. While there have been promising works concentrating on LPD/LPI performance, they are for the most part based on direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) techniques, which have been shown to be blindly detectable in previous work at relatively low SINR values. As a result, there is likely significant room to improve the LPD/LPI performance of underwater acoustic communication schemes. To this end, in this paper, we propose the preliminary design of a novel communication scheme based on transmitting chirp signals that are further spread over a multidimensional domain spanning code, time, and frequency. We evaluated the performance of the proposed scheme both with simulation and experimental studies.
Oxidative DNA Damage Following Microsome/Cu(II)-Mediated Activation of the Estrogens, 17β-Estradiol, Equilenin, and Equilin: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (2011)

Experimental and epidemiological data associate the exposure of estrogens to cancer development in several tissues, particularly, the breast, endometrium, liver, and kidney. One plausible mechanism of estrogen-mediated carcinogenicity is DNA damage by redox cycling of estrogen catechols. Reports have shown that metabolism of estrogens results in 2- and 4-hydroxylation to catechol metabolites which can then redox cycle. We examined the capacity of the endogenous estrogen, 17β-estradiol, and two equine estrogens which formulate a significant proportion of hormone replacement drugs, equilenin and equilin, to induce oxidatively generated DNA damage. Microsome/Cu(II)-mediated activation of all three estrogens resulted in numerous oxidation DNA adducts, as detected by (32)P-postlabeling/TLC. Essentially the same DNA oxidation pattern was also found when catechol estrogens were incubated with DNA in the presence of Cu(II) suggesting that redox cycling of catechol estrogens mediates the formation of these DNA adducts. Since the oxidation patterns induced by estrogen catechols and other chemically diverse catechols were chromatographically identical to those generated by Fenton-type chemistry and these adducts were inhibited by known ROS modifiers (up to 96%), this oxidatively generated DNA damage is believed to be the product of the attack of free radicals on DNA, rather than direct addition of the estrogen quinones. These data support a mechanistic role by endogenous and synthetic estrogens to induce oxidative DNA damage in addition to specific DNA adducts.
Allergen immunotherapy for allergic asthma: a systematic overview of systematic reviews (2017)

AIT has the potential to achieve reductions in symptom and medication scores, but there is no clear or consistent evidence that measures of lung function can be improved. Bearing in mind the limitations of synthesizing evidence from systematic reviews and the fact that these reviews include mainly dated studies, a systematic review of current primary studies is now needed to update this evidence base, estimate the effectiveness of AIT on asthma outcomes and to investigate the relative effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and safety of SCIT and SLIT.
Ferroelectric Control of Magnetism in Ultrathin HfO2\Co\Pt Layers (2019)

The recent demonstration of ferroelectricity in ultrathin HfO<sub>2</sub> has kickstarted a new wave of research into this material. HfO<sub>2</sub> in the orthorhombic phase can be considered the first and only truly nanoscale ferroelectric material that is compatible with silicon-based nanoelectronics applications. In this article, we demonstrate the ferroelectric control of the magnetic properties of cobalt deposited on ultrathin aluminum-doped, atomic layer deposition-grown HfO<sub>2</sub> (<i>t</i><sub>HfO<sub>2</sub></sub> = 6.5 nm). The ferroelectric effect is shown to control the shape of the magnetic hysteresis, quantified here by the magnetic switching energy. Furthermore, the magnetic properties such as the remanence are modulated by up to 41%. We show that this modulation does not only correlate with the charge accumulation at the interface but also shows an additional component associated with the ferroelectric polarization switching. An in-depth analysis using first order reversal curves shows that the coercive and interaction field distributions of cobalt can be modulated up to, respectively, 5.8% and 10.5% with the ferroelectric polarization reversal.
Viscoelastic characteristics of UV polymerized poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate networks with varying extents of crosslinking (2006)

Abstract The viscoelastic relaxation characteristics of ultraviolet crosslinked networks based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate [PEGDA] have been investigated by dynamic mechanical methods. Effective crosslink density in the networks was varied via the use of PEGDA prepolymers of different molecular weight, or by the introduction of controlled amounts of water in the reaction mixture. In all cases examined, fully amorphous networks were obtained. Time–temperature superposition was applied to obtain master curves of storage modulus versus frequency across the glass transition, and these could be satisfactorily described using the Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts relaxation function. The glass transition temperature ( T g ), relaxation breadth, and fragility of the segmental relaxation were correlated with the effective crosslink density obtained in the networks. Gas permeation measurements on the PEGDA/water networks indicated only a very modest variation in gas transport properties, despite the sizeable variation in apparent crosslink density achieved in these materials. This result suggests that the controlling structural factor for gas transport in the networks is not simply crosslink density, and that attempts to correlate gas transport to network structure must necessarily consider the broader relationships between crosslink density, segmental mobility, and fractional free volume. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2058–2070, 2006
Asymptotic Analysis of Amplify and Forward Relaying in a Parallel MIMO Relay Network (2007)

This paper considers the setup of a parallel MIMO relay network in which $K$ relays, each equipped with $N$ antennas, assist the transmitter and the receiver, each equipped with $M$ antennas, in the half-duplex mode, under the assumption that $N\geq{M}$. This setup has been studied in the literature like in \cite{nabar}, \cite{nabar2}, and \cite{qr}. In this paper, a simple scheme, the so-called Incremental Cooperative Beamforming, is introduced and shown to achieve the capacity of the network in the asymptotic case of $K\to{\infty}$ with a gap no more than $O(\frac{1}{\log(K)})$. This result is shown to hold, as long as the power of the relays scales as $ω(\frac{\log^9(K)}{K})$. Finally, the asymptotic SNR behavior is studied and it is proved that the proposed scheme achieves the full multiplexing gain, regardless of the number of relays.
Optimization of 2‐Aminothiazole Derivatives as CCR4 Antagonists. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Crosslinking of the Human Fc Receptor for IgA (FcαRI/CD89) Triggers FcR γ-Chain-Dependent Shedding of Soluble CD89 (1999)

Abstract CD89/FcαRI is a 55- to 75-kDa type I receptor glycoprotein, expressed on myeloid cells, with important immune effector functions. At present, no information is available on the existence of soluble forms of this receptor. We developed an ELISA for the detection of soluble CD89 (sCD89) forms and investigated the regulation of sCD89 production. PMA/ionomycin stimulation of monocytic cell lines (U937, THP-1, and MM6), but not of neutrophils, resulted in release of sCD89. Crosslinking of CD89 either via its ligand IgA or with anti-CD89 mAbs similarly resulted in sCD89 release. Using CD89-transfected cells, we showed ligand-induced shedding to be dependent on coexpression of the FcR γ-chain subunit. Shedding of sCD89 was dependent on signaling via the γ-chain and prevented by addition of inhibitors of protein kinase C (staurosporine) or protein tyrosine kinases (genistein). Western blotting revealed sCD89 to have an apparent molecular mass of 30 kDa and to bind IgA in a dose-dependent fashion. In conclusion, the present data document a ligand-binding soluble form of CD89 that is released upon activation of CD89-expressing cells. Shedding of CD89 may play a role in fine-tuning CD89 immune effector functions.
Comments on "Higher harmonic generation in CMOS/SOS ring oscillators" (1983)

Arguments presented in the referenced paper [1] imply that higher order modes of oscillation should not be expected in ring oscillators with a small number of stages. In contrast to this, third and fifth harmonic oscillations have been observed in 15-stage Si MESFET ring oscillators using BFL inverters. It is explained that the decay mechanism presented in the referenced paper applies primarily to even harmonics in ring oscillators with an even number of stages. Higher order modes of oscillation can be sustained in ring oscillators with a relatively small odd number of stages if the rise and fall times of the inverters used are short in comparison with their total delay.
Thickness of carbon coatings on silicon materials determined by hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at multiple photon energies (2019)

Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at multiple photon energies is used to investigate the surface structure of carbon coatings on silicon materials destined for use as negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. The photoelectron intensity from the carbon coatings decreases with an increase in the kinetic energy of the photoelectron. By fitting the photoelectron intensity versus energy to numerically derived curves, the thickness and coverage of the carbon coatings can be obtained. The results are in agreement with the values suggested by the cross-sectional secondary-electron microscopy images of the carbon coatings, although the thickness should be corrected by accounting for the rectangular parallelepiped structure of the silicon material.
Review of the clinical, histological, and molecular aspects of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (2002)

Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (PENs) are rare tumors, and little is known about their genetic and chromosomal alterations. Elucidation of the molecular events involved in PEN carcinogenesis has been hindered by the fact that PENs have been considered a single disease entity. The emergence of novel molecular characterization strategies has, however, made it apparent that these lesions exhibit diverse molecular fingerprints, which will facilitate the precise delineation of PEN prognosis, histopathology, and carcinogenesis.
A Selective Iodide Ion Sensor Electrode Based on Functionalized ZnO Nanotubes (2013)

In this research work, ZnO nanotubes were fabricated on a gold coated glass substrate through chemical etching by the aqueous chemical growth method. For the first time a nanostructure-based iodide ion selective electrode was developed. The ZnO nanotubes were functionalized with miconazole ion exchanger and the electromotive force (EMF) was measured by the potentiometric method. The iodide ion sensor exhibited a linear response over a wide range of concentrations (1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-1 M) and excellent sensitivity of -62 ± 1 mV/decade. The detection limit of the proposed sensor was found to be 5 × 10-7 M. The effects of pH, temperature, additive, plasticizer and stabilizer on the potential response of iodide ion selective electrode were also studied. The proposed iodide ion sensor demonstrated a fast response time of less than 5 s and high selectivity against common organic and the inorganic anions. All the obtained results revealed that the iodide ion sensor based on functionalized ZnO nanotubes may be used for the detection of iodide ion in environmental water samples, pharmaceutical products and other real samples.
Polymer host materials for optical limiting (1998)

Two polymer systems including polymer elastomers and gels have been studied as host materials for optical limiting applications. Both systems have high laser damage thresholds (LDT), typically 20 to 35 times higher than commercial PMMA bulk materials. For the polymer elastomers, Epotek optical epoxy 301-2 and 310, the LDT increases with an increase of the molecular flexibility. We speculate that the thermo-mechanical fracture may be the mechanism for the laser induced damage. For the hydrogel system, the LDT increases with increasing water content. The mobility of the water plays a key role in determining the LDT by facilitating laser energy dissipation and self-healing. It appears that the polymer elastomer and hydrogel systems both have potential for high power laser applications.
6.3.4 Noble Metal Added Tin Oxide VOC Sensors as Nonanal Detection for Exhaled Breath Air Monitoring (2012)

We have investigated the VOCs-sensing properties of Pt, Pd, Au-loaded SnO2 thick film for exhaled breath air. It has been reported that breaths of lung cancer patients include long methylene chain-aldehydes, such as nonanal. The Pt, Pd, Au-loading for SnO2 type gas sensors is advantage for detect to low concentration VOCs. The Pt,Pd,Au/SnO2 element shows higher response to nonanal than a non-loaded SnO2 element. The combustion of nonanal molecules on the surface of SnO2 grains is assisted by added noble metals. A nonanal-sensing property of the The Pt,Pd,Au/SnO2 depend on an annealing temperature. We installed the sensor element to a prototype of breath monitor with gas-chromatograph system, and analyzed mixed gas including three long methylene chain-aldehyde gases.
Simple synthesis of poly (1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene)/Pd composites with catalytic activity in Sonogashira coupling reaction (2021)

Abstract Palladium on the polymeric materials (Pd@polymer) as a catalyst is now very promising due to its great prospect for catalytic application. Such material in the form of composites is found to be stable and can be applied as catalyst in organic synthesis like Sonogashira coupling reaction. In the present work, Pd containing conjugated poly-ynes composites (Poly (1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene) (Poly-DEB)/Pd) were synthesized by varying the addition of Pd in the range of equivalent weight of 8:4, 8:2 and 8:1, maintaining the fixed amount of 1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-diethynylbenzene (DEB) through chemical oxidative polymerization technique. Both FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the interactions between DEB and Pd in the composites. The DSC data revealed the improved melting temperature as well as the crystallinity of the composites than the DEB. The PL spectra showed its florescence property. The catalytic capability of the Poly-DEB/Pd composites were examined using the Sonogashira coupling reactions, which demonstrated good yields. The suggested synthetic protocol is very facile, reproducible and beneficial for the fabrication of diverse mono and bimetallic composites with conjugated polymers. The present study also demonstrates the new example of Poly-DEB/Pd composites catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. These composites have a possibility to develop as a commercial reagent in various organic synthesis subjects to its application prospects.
Autoantibodies Against p53 Are Associated with p17 Deletions in CLL. (2007)

Abstract The TP53 gene located on the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p) encodes p53, which is a transcription factor that regulates the cell cycle and the apoptotic response to genotoxic stress, such as that caused by most anti-cancer drugs. Loss of p53 function in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) typically is associated with deletions in 17p, which is associated with a poor response to many anti-cancer drugs and poor survival. Although only 5–10% of CLL patients at diagnosis have deletions in 17p by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the frequency of cases that have 17p- increases in patients with disease that is refractory to chemotherapy. Assays that can screen for loss of p53 function in CLL could help identify patients who most likely will not respond well to most common forms of chemotherapy. Autoantibodies against p53 protein have been observed in several cancers and are, in some cases, linked to p53 protein accumulation in the tumor cells owing to loss of p53-induced expression of the p53-repressor MDM2. We examined the serum samples derived from platelet-free plasma of patients with CLL for anti-p53 autoantibodies by solid-phase ELISA. Anti-p53 autoantibodies were detected in 19 out of 31 plasma samples from patients with known 17p deletions defined by interphase FISH. In contrast, we detected anti-p53 autoantibodies in only 1 out of 27 plasma samples from patients with 11q22–23 deletions and in none of the 29 samples from patients with normal cytogenetics. Detectable levels of soluble p53 protein were identified in only 5 of the 31 patients with 17p deletions, and 3 of those had detectable anti-p53 antibodies. There was no correlation between anti-p53 autoantibody levels and the total plasma IgG. Samples from multiple time points were available for 22 of the patients with 17p deletions. In only one case did the p53 autoantibody status change (from positive to negative). The mechanism that leads to the generation of anti-p53 autoantibodies is unknown. One model suggests that constitutive or over expression of p53 protein by the leukemic cells may lead to a break in tolerance, perhaps if coupled with necrotic or otherwise immunogenic death of the cells. Studies are currently underway to address the status and function of the p53 protein in those patents with high autoantibody levels. This work suggests that auto-antibodies may be useful as a surrogate marker for p53 dysfunction and, more broadly, raises the possibility that auto-antibody profiles may provide clinically relevant insight into the biology and pathophysiology of CLL.
Low-dose Application of Nonionic Alkyl Terminated Block Copolymer Surfactant Enhances Turfgrass Seed Germination and Plant Growth (2016)

Rapid seed germination and vigorous seedling growth are desired when establishing turfgrass lawns from seed. Low-dose concentrations of nonionic, block copolymer surfactants can have a direct effect on plant physiological functions and growth. The objectives were to determine if a low-dose application of a nonionic alkyl ended block copolymer surfactant applied directly to the seed, within a film coating, would 1) influence speed, synchrony, and final germination percentage (FGP), and 2) enhance seedling emergence and the speed of turfgrass establishment under deficit irrigation. Tests were performed with tall fescue ( Schedonorus arundinaceus ) and perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ). Surfactant was applied directly to the seed using a rotary seedcoater at 0.1% by weight of seed. In the first experiment, germination was compared between seeds with a surfactant film coating (SFC) and untreated seeds in growth chambers at three different constant temperatures (10, 20, and 30 °C). For both species, the SFC decreased the time for seed germination, and improved germination synchrony, with the greatest treatment response at 10 and 30 °C compared with untreated seed. Application of a SFC did not influence FGP. In the second experiment, untreated and treated seed were compared in a grow-room study, with pots watered weekly to 70% of field capacity (FC). Perennial ryegrass density, cover, and aboveground biomass from the SFC were ≈47%, 48%, and 46% greater than untreated seed, respectively. Tall fescue density, cover, and aboveground biomass from the SFC seeds were ≈22%, 23%, and 28% greater than untreated seed, respectively. Overall these studies demonstrate that SFC can promote seed germination and also enhance turfgrass establishment under deficit irrigation.
150 Watts and 140 kHz multi-output LCC-type parallel resonant converter (2003)

By using the state-plane approach, the steady state analysis and design of a high-frequency LCC-type parallel resonant converter (PRC-LCC) operating in the continuous conduction mode is presented. In this topology a capacitor is added in series to the inductor of a conventional PRC. Based on this analysis, a set of steady-state characteristic curves for component value selections and device ratings is also presented. A simple design procedure is given and a design example for a 150 W, 140 kHz multioutput PRC-LCC power supply is given. Results from a prototype unit built to verify the theoretical results are shown to be in reasonable agreement with predicted results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>