gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progesterone Resistance in PCOS Endometrium: A Microarray Analysis in Clomiphene Citrate-Treated and Artificial Menstrual Cycles (2011)

Differences in gene expression provide evidence of progesterone resistance in midsecretory PCOS endometrium, independent of clomiphene citrate and corresponding to the observed phenotypes of hyperplasia, cancer, and poor reproductive outcomes in this group of women.
A Point-of-Care Biosensor for Rapid Detection and Differentiation of COVID-19 Virus (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza Virus Using Subwavelength Grating Micro-ring Resonator (2023)

In the context of continued spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of new variants, the demand for rapid, accurate, and frequent detection is increasing. Besides, the new predominant strain, Omicron variant, manifests more similar clinical features to those of other common respiratory infections. The concurrent detection of multiple potential pathogens helps distinguish SARS-CoV-2 infection from other diseases with overlapping symptoms, which is significant for patients to receive tailored treatment and containing the outbreak. Here, we report a lab-on-a-chip biosensing platform for SARS-CoV-2 detection based on subwavelength grating micro-ring resonator. The sensing surface is functionalized by specific antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which could produce redshifts of resonant peaks by antigen-antibody combination, thus achieving quantitative detection. Additionally, the sensor chip is integrated with a microfluidic chip with an anti-backflow Y-shaped structure that enables the concurrent detection of two analytes. In this study, we realized the detection and differentiation of COVID-19 and influenza A H1N1. Experimental results show that the limit of detection of our device reaches 100 fg/mL (1.31 fM) within 15 min detecting time, and cross-reactivity tests manifest the specificity of the optical diagnostic assay. Further, the integrated packaging and streamlined workflow facilitate its use for clinical applications. Thus, the biosensing platform offers a promising solution to achieve ultrasensitive, selective, multiplexed, and quantitative point-of-care detection of COVID-19.
High Temperature Interconnect and Die Attach Technology: Au–Sn SLID Bonding (2013)

Au-Sn solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding is a novel and promising interconnect and die attach technology for high temperature (HT) applications. In combination with silicon carbide (SiC), Au-Sn SLID has the potential to be a key technology for the next generation of HT electronic devices. However, limited knowledge about Au-Sn SLID bonding for HT applications is a major restriction to fully realizing the HT potential of SiC devices. Two different processing techniques-electroplating of Au/Sn layers and sandwiching of eutectic Au-Sn preform between electroplated Au layers-have been studied in a simplified metallization system. The latter process was further investigated in two different Cu/Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> /Cu/Ni-P/Au-Sn/Ni/Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Si/SiC systems (different Au-layer thickness). Die shear tests and cross-sections have been performed on as-bonded, thermally cycled, and thermally aged samples to characterize the bonding properties associated with the different processing techniques, metallization schemes, and environmental stress tests. A uniform Au-rich bond interface was produced (the ζ phase with a melting point of 522°C). The importance of excess Au on both substrate and chip side in the final bond is demonstrated. It is shown that Au-Sn SLID can absorb thermo-mechanical stresses induced by large coefficient of thermal expansion mismatches (up to 12 ppm/K) in a packaging system during HT thermal cycling. The bonding strength of Au-Sn SLID is shown to be superb, exceeding 78 MPa. However, after HT thermal ageing, the ζ phase was first converted into the more Au-rich β phase. This created physical contact between the Sn and Ni atoms, resulting in brittle Ni <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> Sn <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</i> phases, reducing the bond strength. Density functional theory calculations have been performed to demonstrate that the formation of Ni <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> Sn <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</i> in preference to the Au-rich Au-Sn phases is energetically favorable.
The p53 homologue p73 accumulates in the nucleus and localizes to neurites and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease brain (2003)

The molecular mechanisms that regulate neuronal survival vs. death during Alzheimer disease (AD) remain unclear. Nonetheless, a number of recent studies indicate that increased expression or altered subcellular distribution of numerous cell cycle proteins during AD may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Because homologues of p53, a key regulatory protein in the cell cycle, such as p73, have been identified and shown to participate in cellular differentiation and death pathways, we examined the expression and distribution of p73 in the hippocampus of eight control and 16 AD subjects. In control subjects, hippocampal pyramidal neurones exhibit p73 immunoreactivity that is distributed predominately in the cytoplasm. In AD hippocampus, increased levels of p73 are located in the nucleus of pyramidal neurones and p73 is located in dystrophic neurites and cytoskeletal pathology. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the presence of p73 in the hippocampus. These data indicate that p73 is expressed within hippocampal pyramidal neurones and exhibits altered subcellular distribution in AD.
Role of trialkoxysilane functionalization in the preparation of organic-inorganic composites (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRole of trialkoxysilane functionalization in the preparation of organic-inorganic compositesBradley K. Coltrain, Christine J. T. Landry, James M. O'Reilly, Alexandra M. Chamberlain, Gary A. Rakes, Joseph S. Sedita, Larry W. Kelts, Michael R. Landry, and Victoria K. LongCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 10, 1445–1455Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00034a014https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00034a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views600Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An opto-mechanical model and stray light investigation of laser treated human eye (2011)

The objective of this paper is a new accommodating opto-mechanical model of the aging human eye for basic simulations of presbyopia, especially of the lens. The lens, consisting of cortex and nucleus, of the aging human eye is mechanically simulated by a FEM model with the program ANSYS. The model results in physiologically correct parameters, and is used as input for a complete optical eye model, implemented in the software ZEMAX. The optical performance of the model corresponds fully with clinical data and the model represents the changes in the mechanical and optical parameters during accommodation and due to the aging process. It is suitable for optical and mechanical simulation; therefore, for example, different possible treatments for presbyopia can be simulated. Furthermore first investigations of stray light due to the laser treatment and their impact on visual performance are presented.
LASER-BASED FLOW MEASUREMENTS OF DILUTE VERTICAL PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT (2004)

Dilute vertical pneumatic transport in a vertical lifter was studied using the sophisticated measurement techniques of laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and phase Doppler anemometry (PDA). The vertical lifter consisted of a lower fluidized silo, an upper receiving tank, and a connecting vertical transport pipe made of clear glass. The experimental study was performed in order to get detailed information of the complex gas-particle flow behavior in a dilute vertical conveying system. Particle diameter, axial particle, and tangential particle velocities, as well as root mean square velocities, were measured simultaneously for different flow conditions. In addition, overall solid mass fluxes were obtained using weighing cells. Smooth and spherical zirconium oxide (ZrO2) solids were applied with two different particle size distributions. Measurements were performed using different flow rates of air. The air inlet condition was varied in order to study its effect on the flow behavior. The particle diameter measurements show that no axial or radial segregation by size occurs for this transport condition. The results show that the particle velocity is independent of the particle size as well. The axial velocity profiles at different heights are almost identical and flat, which indicates fully developed turbulent pipe flow. The turbulent velocity measurements show that turbulence is mainly caused by the velocity gradients, and not by particle-particle collisions in dilute flow. The solid mass flux measurements show the importance of optimum inlet condition and how this influences the mass flux.
On the design of interfaces for TCP/IP over wireless (2002)

Supporting data applications over networks comprising both wireless and wireline links is of increasing importance for both military and commercial systems. Many standard data applications on current wireline networks are based on TCP/IP, the end-to-end flow and congestion control protocol widely used on the Internet, so that it is of crucial importance to devise network level controls that enable TCP to perform well when the path from source to destination includes one or more wireless links. Since TCP has been recently shown to perform poorly in the presence of random loss, its performance over a lossy wireless link subject to deep fades and other impairments may be unsatisfactory. In this paper, we show that a suitable link level error recovery mechanism can "hide" the fluctuations of the wireless medium from TCP, and we provide an analytical framework for predicting TCP performance as a function of the wireless channel characteristics and the size of the wireless-wireline interface buffer. The analytical predictions are validated by simulations and show that, the size of the buffer required is moderate in comparison with the buffer size already required to provide good performance using TCP in a wireline network. This is consistent with an asymptotic argument that implies that the size of the interface buffer required to deal with channel time variations grows logarithmically with the bandwidth-delay product while the size of the buffer required to achieve high utilization using TCP in a wireline network grows linearly with the bandwidth-delay product.
Mathematical Treatment of the Emulsification of Benzene and Styrene in Aqueous Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide—Cetyl Alcohol Mixtures (1982)

Styrene or benzene "mini-emulsions" of 0.1-0.3μm diameter were prepared at 63° using aqueous hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide-cetyl alcohol mixtures; the most stable emulsions, formed at 1:3-1:1 molar ratios, contained crystalline, rodlike particles of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyl alcohol, l-2μm in length and 0.1-0.2μm in diameter. Conductometric titration of these optimum systems with styrene or benzene gave a near-linear leg descending to an inflectionpoint followed by another near-linear leg ascending to a second inflection point and a near-constant or slowly-decreasing leg thereafter. The descending leg was interpreted as solubilization of the oil in micelles or crystalline complex, the ascending leg as emulsification to form tiny droplets which grew by coalescence and diffusion, and the near-constant or slowly decreasing leg to droplet growth by diffusion. The conductometric titration curves were expressed by an exponential step function in terms of the initial conductance, the conductances at both inflection points, a solubilization constant, an emulsification constant, and a droplet growth constant. Iterative computer solution of this mathematical model gave a reasonable fit of the different experimental titration curves, and the calculated parameters were correlated with the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyl alcohol concentrations, to give the distributions of the emulsifier as solute emulsifier, micellar emulsifier, and emulsifier in the crystalline complex. The correlation of emulsion stability with the presence of the crystalline, rodlike particles allowed a prediction of emulsion stability. Finally, a three-dimensional plot of conductance as a function of added benzene and cetyl alcohol concentration at a given hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide concentration was calculated by computer curve-fitting and used to visualize the conductance surface at any desired angle.
Tachyon (2014)

Tachyon is a distributed file system enabling reliable data sharing at memory speed across cluster computing frameworks. While caching today improves read workloads, writes are either network or disk bound, as replication is used for fault-tolerance. Tachyon eliminates this bottleneck by pushing lineage, a well-known technique, into the storage layer. The key challenge in making a long-running lineage-based storage system is timely data recovery in case of failures. Tachyon addresses this issue by introducing a checkpointing algorithm that guarantees bounded recovery cost and resource allocation strategies for recomputation under commonly used resource schedulers. Our evaluation shows that Tachyon outperforms in-memory HDFS by 110x for writes. It also improves the end-to-end latency of a realistic workflow by 4x. Tachyon is open source and is deployed at multiple companies.
Reply to Ramey et al.: Let time be the arbiter (2016)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Regenerative Medicine (2015)

This Viewpoint describes how regenerative medicine through advances in cell biology, biomaterial science, and biological molecule discovery can replace or regenerate human cells, tissues, and organs harmed by disease or injury.
Supplemental Methods from Phase I Trial of N-803, an IL15 Receptor Agonist, with Rituximab in Patients with Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Determination of the Critical Dimension and Proximity Bias Variations Across the Lens Field by Electrical Linewidth Measurements (1998)

Electrical critical dimension (CD) measurements are now widely used as a characterization technique in optical lithography. In this paper this technique is applied to the determination of the CD and proximity bias variations across the lens field. A method, based on statistical considerations, is introduced to decorrelate the contribution of the mask to the global Across Field linewidth variation (AFLV). It is shown that the mask CD dispersion has an important contribution in the total CD range observed on the wafer. By using this technique, a lens quality determination has been done and the optical contribution to the field CD dispersion has been determined. Moreover, because it is a fast and accurate technique, we show that electrical linewidth measurements can be used in a lens characterization procedure. Results obtained indicate that the proximity bias dispersion across the lens field is not negligible and the question of a dependent field position correction is raising up.
Impact of Joule heating on the brightness homogeneity of organic light emitting devices (2007)

Joule heating and its impact on the brightness homogeneity are investigated since the luminance distribution is a key issue in large area organic light emitting diodes. In addition to previous reports, it is also important to consider the device temperature as a main factor for determining the luminance homogeneity. At a luminance of 1000cd∕m2 the active area reaches an average temperature of 40.6°C and a peak of 46.2°C. The increased device temperature is leading to higher local current densities resulting in a reduced brightness homogeneity. Modeling confirms these results and can be used for further device layout optimization.
Multi-dimensional emotional engine with personality using intelligent service robot for children (2008)

This paper introduces a multi-dimensional emotional engine which is influenced by personality of robot. It is a novel approach to design an emotional model by comparison with conventional emotional model which used three-dimensional emotional space. It calculates most emotional elements and memorizes them for the next step of calculation of emotion. This means that robot does not respond to external stimuli directly. We have designed a personality based emotional model. It consists of five elements; reactive dynamics, internal dynamics, emotional dynamics, behavior dynamics, and personality. Personality is the most important element for making different emotions and behaviors of various kinds of robots. It is related to most calculations in the emotional model. If personality is changed, the emotional model makes different emotions and behaviors, although external stimuli and internal dynamics remain unchanged. We have used the intelligent service robot ‘iRobi Q’ which is used for children. We have tested the performance of the proposed emotional engine.
Fast automatic segmentation of thalamic nuclei from MP2RAGE acquisition\n at 7 Tesla (2020)

Purpose: Thalamic nuclei are largely invisible in conventional MRI due to\npoor contrast. Thalamus Optimized Multi-Atlas Segmentation (THOMAS) provides\nautomatic segmentation of 12 thalamic nuclei using white-matter-nulled (WMn)\nMPRAGE sequence at 7T. Application of THOMAS to Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid\nGradient Echo (MP2RAGE) sequence acquired at 7T has been investigated in this\nstudy.\n Methods: 8 healthy volunteers and 5 pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis\npatients were recruited at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and scanned\nat Siemens 7T with WMn-MPRAGE and multi-echo MP2RAGE (ME-MP2RAGE) sequences.\nWhite-matter-nulled contrast was synthesized (MP2-SYN) from T1 maps from\nME-MP2RAGE sequence. Thalamic nuclei were segmented using THOMAS joint label\nfusion algorithm from WMn-MPRAGE and MP2-SYN datasets. THOMAS pipeline was\nmodified to use majority voting to segment the bias corrected MP2-UNI images.\nThalamic nuclei from MP2-SYN and MP2-UNI images were evaluated against\ncorresponding nuclei obtained from WMn-MPRAGE images using dice coefficients,\nvolume similarity indices (VSI) and distance between centroids.\n Results: For MP2-SYN, dice &gt; 0.85 and VSI &gt; 0.95 was achieved for the 5\nlarger nuclei and dice &gt; 0.6 and VSI &gt; 0.7 was achieved for the 7 smaller\nnuclei. The dice and VSI were slightly higher whilst the distance between\ncentroids were smaller for MP2-SYN compared to MP2-UNI, indicating improved\nperformance using the synthesized WMn image.\n Discussion: THOMAS algorithm can successfully segment thalamic nuclei in\nroutinely acquired bias-free MP2RAGE images with essentially equivalent quality\nwhen evaluated against WMn-MPRAGE, hence has wider applicability in studies\nfocused on thalamic involvement in aging and disease.\n
Multi-lingual Evaluation of Code Generation Models (2022)

We present new benchmarks on evaluation code generation models: MBXP and Multilingual HumanEval, and MathQA-X. These datasets cover over 10 programming languages and are generated using a scalable conversion framework that transpiles prompts and test cases from the original Python datasets into the corresponding data in the target language. Using these benchmarks, we are able to assess the performance of code generation models in a multi-lingual fashion, and discovered generalization ability of language models on out-of-domain languages, advantages of multi-lingual models over mono-lingual, the ability of few-shot prompting to teach the model new languages, and zero-shot translation abilities even on mono-lingual settings. Furthermore, we use our code generation model to perform large-scale bootstrapping to obtain synthetic canonical solutions in several languages, which can be used for other code-related evaluations such as code insertion, robustness, or summarization tasks. Overall, our benchmarks represents a significant step towards a deeper understanding of language models' code generation abilities. We publicly release our code and datasets at https://github.com/amazon-research/mxeval.
Thermodynamic and Structure Guided Design of Statin Based Inhibitors of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase (2008)

Clinical studies have demonstrated that statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) inhibitors, are effective at lowering mortality levels associated with cardiovascular disease; however, 2-7% of patients may experience statin-induced myalgia that limits compliance with a treatment regimen. High resolution crystal structures, thermodynamic binding parameters, and biochemical data were used to design statin inhibitors with improved HMGR affinity and therapeutic index relative to statin-induced myalgia. These studies facilitated the identification of imidazole 1 as a potent (IC 50 = 7.9 nM) inhibitor with excellent hepatoselectivity (>1000-fold) and good in vivo efficacy. The binding of 1 to HMGR was found to be enthalpically driven with a Delta H of -17.7 kcal/M. Additionally, a second novel series of bicyclic pyrrole-based inhibitors was identified that induced order in a protein flap of HMGR. Similar ordering was detected in a substrate complex, but has not been reported in previous statin inhibitor complexes with HMGR.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Preparation of Farnesylamine. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.