gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluations of EUV resist outgassing by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (2010)

This paper summarizes the investigation of the evaluation methods of EUV resist outgassing based on pressure-rise, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS). We discuss the merit and demerit about these three methods and propose an optimal employment of each evaluation method. In addition, detail results of resist outgassing evaluated from GC-MS were reported.
Characterization of the srfA locus of Bacillus subtilis: only the valine‐activating domain of srfA is involved in the establishment of genetic competence (1993)

srfA is a locus required for the production of the lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin. This locus is also necessary for efficient sporulation and competence development. Mutations in the 5' portion of the srfA operon affect all three of these processes, whereas mutations in the 3' portion of srfA only affect sporulation and surfactin production. Analysis of the proteins encoded by the srfA locus revealed seven large domains which are likely to be responsible for the activation and binding of the seven amino acids of surfactin. Identification of the amino acid that is activated by the srfA domains was determined by amino acid-dependent pyrophosphate exchange reactions on partially purified cell extracts of strains carrying different srfA mutations. These results indicate colinearity between the order of the domains in the srfA locus and the amino acid sequence of surfactin. The minimal genetic element of srfA required for the establishment of competence was shown to be the 5' region of the second open reading of srfA, which encodes the valine activation domain. This portion of srfA, when cloned on a plasmid, complemented the competence deficiency of a srfA deletion mutant in trans.
Development, Fabrication, and Real-World Applications of Polymeric Nanolayer Gradient Index Optical Components (2015)

Specially formulated Gradient-Index polymeric optical materials offer capabilities not possible in present GRIN optics. A novel technology that enables large scale processing of nanolayered polymer films into real, performance-enhancing lenses for military Night-Vision-Goggle eyepieces is discussed.
A Propos De l' étude Des Liquides Labyrinthiques Par Les Substances Radioactives (1960)

AbstractLes isotopes radioactifs, malgré leurs avantages — métabolites normaux, utilisables à dose infime, ne modifiant pas la physiologie, d'une relative facilité de mise en évidence et de dosage — n'ont été que peu utilisés en otologie; mais lorsqu'il a été fait appel à eux, ce fut toujours pour tenter l' apporter un peu plus de précision a l' étude des liquides labyrinthiques, à qui l' on attribue une place de plus en plus importante dans la pathogénie des différents syndromes labyrinthiques, tant par leurs phénomènes de pression mécanique que par leurs phénomenes biochimiques relatifs à la nutrition des cellules nobles.
Effects of low-temperature Si buffer layer thickness on the growth of SiGe by molecular beam epitaxy (2002)

The thickness of a low-temperature silicon (LT-Si) buffer layer has been found to affect the growth of a SiGe overlayer significantly. 300-nm-thick Si0.7Ge0.3 films were grown on 50- to 300-nm-thick LT-Si buffer layers at 450 °C by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The threading dislocation density was found to decrease with the thickness of the LT-Si buffer in the thickness range of 50–200 nm. The density remains at the same low level when the thickness was increased from 200 to 300 nm. A relatively dense misfit dislocation network was observed to form at the SiGe/Si interface in samples with the LT-Si buffer layer thickness exceeding 200 nm. It is suggested that the presence of more point defects in the thicker LT-Si buffer layer is more effective to block the propagation of threading dislocations.
Lateral, wet thermal oxidation of AlAsSb lattice-matched to InP (1996)

Summary form only given. We present for the first time, to our knowledge, results of lateral, wet thermal oxidation of AlAsSb lattice-matched to InP. Using Auger analysis, SEM characterization, and Raman scattering, we find that the AlAsSb layer is converted to Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and an interfacial layer of semi-metallic Sb is formed between the top interface of the oxide and the cap material. Device implications of these findings, particularly of the Sb separation, are discussed.
Stabile und selektive Hybridisierung von Oligonucleotiden unter Verwendung nichtnatürlicher hydrophober Basen (2000)

Allein durch hydrophobes Packungsverhalten bildet eine Reihe nichtnatürlicher Nucleobasen des Typs 1 selektive und stabile Basenpaare in Duplex-DNA. Diese nichtnatürlichen Nucleobasen sollten es ermöglichen, die Genauigkeit und den Informationsgehalt von Hybridisierungsexperimenten zu erhöhen.
Abstract 4293: In vivo imaging and tracking of a PARP inhibitor at single-cell resolution (2012)

Abstract PARP is an enzyme involved in sensing single-stranded DNA breaks and plays a critical role in the organization of DNA damage repair. Several PARP inhibitors have been developed for clinical use, particularly in breast and ovarian cancers with BRCA mutations. Despite the scientific rationale and promising early clinical results with PARP inhibitors, more advanced clinical trials in breast cancer have been disappointing. One of the questions arising from these trials is to better understand why the PARP inhibitors failed. We used a window-chamber system in mice to image the distribution and function of model PARP inhibitors such as AZD2281-Bodipy. Specifically, we measured the kinetics of vascular, cellular, and subcellular uptake and distribution of AZD2281-Bodipy in breast (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436) and ovarian (OVCAR429, A2780) tumors over time. Additionally, using the fluorescently-labeled inhibitor, we were able to examine the heterogeneity of AZD2281 localization in single cancer cells in vivo. Our data provide the first example of single-cell distribution of fluorescent small molecule inhibitors. When coupled with reporter cell lines (e.g. for apoptosis, DNA damage, autophagy, and senescence), this approach will be a powerful tool to understand drug action in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4293. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4293
Biochemical characterization of prostatic nuclei. II. Relationship between DNA synthesis and protein synthesis. (1971)

Abstract 1. The maximum rate of DNA synthesis is observed at 72 h in the ventral prostate of a castrated rat that has been stimulated by exogenous testosterone. However, the maximal rate of the synthesis of all classes of nuclear proteins precedes by 24–48 h the peak of DNA synthesis. 2. The rates of synthesis of various fractions of nuclear proteins were determined. The membrane proteins appeared to have the highest rate of synthesis. 3. Studies with inhibitors indicated that the synthesis of prostatic nuclear proteins is not directly coupled to DNA synthesis. 4. DNA synthesis but not RNA synthesis in the prostate is significantly inhibited if total cellular protein synthesis is completely blocked. Inhibition of RNA synthesis by actinomycin D did not alter the rate of DNA synthesis. 5. In comparison to all the nuclear proteins studied, the inhibition of synthesis of the membrane fractions correlated most closely with the rate of decrease DNA synthesis.
Adding diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) to the arsenal for characterizing paramagnetic complexes (2019)

Herein we report the development of diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) for its use to characterize metal complexes containing paramagnetic first row transition metal elements. This technique is capable of assessing the purity and speciation of paramagnetic complexes, and also provides a convenient method to provide qualitative and sometimes quantitative molecular weight data.
Quantum Localization Effects on Spin Transport in Semiconductor Quantum Wells with Zinc-Blende Crystal Structure (1996)

We have shown that due to weak localization corrections, in the spin-split conduction band of quantum wells with zinc-blende structure, the electron spin relaxation rate due to the D'yakonov-Perel' mechanism decreases logarithmically with decreasing frequency. The spin diffusion coefficient also decreases. This is quite different from antilocalization behavior at large times of the particle diffusion and conductivity. Possible experimental detection is suggested.
Cloning and Functional Study of Porcine Parotid Hormone, a Novel Proline-rich Protein (2005)

A parotid gland hormone that stimulates intradentinal fluid movement is believed to play a significant role in maintaining the vitality of dentin. This hormone has been purified from porcine parotid glands and partially sequenced in our previous study (Tieche, J. M., Leonora, J., and Steinman, R. R. (1980) Endocrinology 106, 1994-2005). We now report the cloning and functional study of porcine cDNAs that code for this hormone and its complete amino acid sequence. Three cDNA clones were isolated from a porcine parotid cDNA library. The last 30 amino acids encoded by two of the cDNAs agreed with the amino acid sequence of the isolated parotid hormone. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the acinar cells of the parotid glands were the primary location for both the parotid hormone-related mRNAs and the translation products. A 216-bp fragment of the cDNA that contains the coding sequence for the porcine hormone was subcloned into an expression vector, and the protein expression was detected by immunoblot analysis and quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the 30-amino acid parotid hormone was synthesized. Both the expressed and the synthetic proteins were biologically active in that they enhanced intradentinal fluid movement as measured by intradentinal dye penetration.
Virulence characteristics of male genital tract Escherichia coll isolated from semen of suspected infertile men (2009)

The role of Escherichia coli isolates from the semen in the etiology of male infertility, was investigated in this study. Several possible virulence factors of E. coli, such as possession of O antigens or certain K antigens (K1, K5), the type of fimbriae, resistance to antimicrobial drugs and adherence studies to various mammalian sperm cells were examined. It was found that out of 181 E. coli isolates 76.4% belonged to four different urinary serotypes: O1, O2, O4 and O6 (5.7%, 7.5%, 17.0% and 46.2%, respectively). The predominant fimbrial phenotype (81.2%) was T1F+/P-, while 15.8% showed also the possession of P fimbriae (T1F+/P+). No isolate was found with the T1F-/P+ phenotype. The possession of antigens K1, K5 was found to be low (12% only). A relatively high level of adherence to different mammalian sperm cells was found among E. coli isolates. 43% of the E. coli isolates were resistant to doxycycline (the drug of choice) and additionally, most of these were resistant also to ampicillin. We suggest that there is a close subpopulation of E. coli which possess certain virulence properties and have the potential to adhere to sperm cells and to colonize on other target tissues in the male genital tract. Such virulent may cause asymptomatic male infertility and may be termed male genital tract (MGT)-E. coli.
Neutron detection via thermoluminescence of Tb 3+ -doped Li 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 glasses (2021)

Abstract We fabricated Tb 3+ -doped Li 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 glasses using 6 Li or n Li and 10 B or 11 B ( 6 Li– 10 B glass, 6 Li– 11 B glass, n Li– 10 B glass, and n Li– 11 B glass) to develop a new thermoluminescent (TL) material for neutron detection and investigated the TL properties of these glasses after X-ray, He ion, and neutron irradiation. TL glow peaks were observed at 350 and 550 K after X-ray irradiation, at 390 and 550 K after He ion irradiation, and at 400 and 600 K after neutron irradiation. The TL intensities around 400 K for 6 Li– 10 B glass, 6 Li– 11 B glass, and n Li– 10 B glass after neutron irradiation were higher than that of n Li– 11 B glass, suggesting that the particles generated in 6 Li( n , t ) 4 He and 10 B( n , α ) 7 Li reactions efficiently induce TL. We observed neutron-induced TL in the range 1 × 10 7 –5 × 10 8 neutrons cm −2 , and the detectable minimum thermal neutron fluence of this glass was estimated to be approximately 4 × 10 6 neutrons cm −2 .
Fast Template Matching Based on Normalized Cross Correlation Using Adaptive Block Partitioning and Initial Threshold Estimation (2010)

This paper proposes a fast template matching method based on normalized cross correlation (NCC). NCC is more robust against image variations such as illumination changes than the widely-used sum of absolute difference (SAD). A problem with NCC has been its high computation cost. To deal with this problem, we use adaptive block partitioning and initial threshold estimation to extend the multilevel successive elimination algorithm. Adaptive block partitioning provides efficient sub-block partitioning and tighter boundaries. Initial threshold estimation yields a larger boundary threshold. They greatly suppress the number of search points at an earlier level from the beginning of search. The proposed method is exhaustive and robust with respect to template position and size. Experiments show that our method is up to 400 times faster than the brute force method and is significantly faster than conventional methods.
Melt-Processable Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (2000)

The identification of a window of viscosities of poly(tetrafluoroethylene)s is described that permits standard melt-processing of this unique polymer into mechanically coherent, tough objectsa polymer that, heretofore, has been characterized as “intractable” and “not melt-processable”.
Atomistic Models for Highly‐Dispersed PtSn/γ‐Al2O3 Catalysts: Ductility and Dilution Affect the Affinity for Hydrogen (2019)

Abstract Supported platinum‐based sub‐nanometric particles play a central role in many catalytic applications. In particular, platinum‐tin active phases supported on γ‐Al 2 O 3 are largely employed for dehydrogenation of alkanes and catalytic reforming of naphtha cuts, although geometric and electronic effects of the active phase in the presence of hydrogen still remains highly debated. Thanks to periodic density functional theory (DFT), we propose structural models of such systems containing thirteen metal atoms (Pt x Sn 13‐x with 0≤x≤13) deposited on the (100) γ‐Al 2 O 3 surface. We thus unravel the intricate effects of the composition (Pt/Sn ratio), of the support (γ‐Al 2 O 3 ) and the hydrogen coverage on the stability of platinum‐tin sub‐nanometric clusters, in the case where tin is reduced (Sn 0 ). A detailed investigation of the interaction of the supported Pt 10 Sn 3 cluster with hydrogen by velocity‐scaled molecular dynamics provides a mapping of the hydrogen coverage as a function of the operating conditions (T, P(H 2 )). Our study highlights significant differences between Pt 13 and Pt x Sn 13‐x clusters in terms of ductility and dilution (also called ensemble) effects which may be at the origin of the different reactivities usually reported for Pt and PtSn supported catalysts.
Incidence, characteristics, and survival of patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancers with EGFR T790M at diagnosis identified in the lung cancer mutation consortium (LCMC). (2013)

8085 Background: Somatic T790M mutations are detected in 62% of EGFR-mutant lung cancers with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs, and have rarely been identified in the tumor at diagnosis and/or within the germline DNA. Multiplexed genotyping by the LCMC permitted us to evaluate the incidence of T790M at diagnosis, co-mutations, and survival of patients with this driver. Methods: The 14 member LCMC prospectively tested tumors of patients with lung adenocarcinomas in CLIA laboratories for mutations in EGFR and 9 other genes. We assayed T790Mby Sequenom, Snapshot, or Sanger sequencing. Germline DNA was not collected. Results: In the 987 tumors tested, 209 had mutations in EGFR alone: 25 T790M (2.5%) , 157 sensitizing EGFR mutations (exon 19 del, L858R, L861Q, G719X) without T790M, 23 exon 20 ins, 4 other mutations. 13 additional cases harbored mutations in EGFR and another driver; 2 with both T790M and PIK3CA. In each of the 27 EGFR-mutant cases with T790M, a coincident EGFR mutation was detected (18 exon 19 del, 9 L858R, 1 exon 20 ins). EGFR T790M was found more often than EGFR exon 20 ins or mutations in HER2 (1.9%), BRAF (1.6%), or PIK3CA (0.7%). Patients with T790M: 77% women, 81% never smokers, median age 55 (range 38-79), stage IV at diagnosis 81%, PS 0/1 100%. Characteristics did not differ from persons with sensitizing mutations and no T790M. Median survival from the diagnosis of metastatic disease for patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancers was 3.5 yrs with T790Mand 4.0 yrs without (p=0.926). Conclusions: T790M mutations were detected at diagnosis in 3% of adenocarcinomas and always coincident with another EGFR mutation. Cases with T790M represent 13% of all cases of EGFR- mutant lung cancer. Characteristics and survival for patients with EGFR- mutant lung cancers with T790M at diagnosis were similar to individuals with sensitizing mutations and no T790M. The observed incidence of T790M exceeded that of the other actionable targets HER2, BRAF, and PIK3CA. Trials should study this unique population identified by routine multiplexed genotyping. Supported by 1RC2CA148394-01 and the National Lung Cancer Partnership. Clinical trial information: NCT01014286.
The Effect of Temperature on the Response of Glass-Clad Optical Waveguides to Ionizing Radiation (1978)

An investigation was made on the effects of pulsed ionizing radiation on the attenuation of SiO2 fiberoptic waveguides doped with GeO2, B2O3 and P2O5. Data were taken over time, temperature, and wavelength ranges of interest for long-length fiber-optic communication applications. For fibers containing only GeO2 and B2O3, operation at 1.06 #x003BC;m reduced by a factor of approximately 10 the radiation sensitivity among the fibers examined when compared with 0.8-#x003BC;m operation. The fiber with the lowest GeO2 content (before deposition) showed the lowest radiation sensitivity of the fibers investigated. For systems applications, attention should be paid to operation at low temperature where large radiation-induced losses could persist at both wavelengths for long times following the irradiation pulse. The addition of small amounts of phosphorus reduced the low-temperature response, but also increases the radiation sensitivity at high temperatures.
THE PITUITARY‐ADRENAL RESPONSE TO CRF‐41 IS UNALTERED BY INTRAVENOUS SOMATOSTATIN IN NORMAL SUBJECTS (1989)

We have previously reported that the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia is normal while the cortisol release to pituitary stimulation by corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF-41) is reduced in obesity. Impaired growth hormone (GH) secretion is also found in obesity which may result from altered central levels of somatostatin (SMS). We have investigated, by giving a simultaneous infusion of SMS to six volunteer normal weight men during a CRF test, whether it is possible for SMS to modify pituitary-adrenal function. Each subject received intravenous CRF-41 (0.5 micrograms/kg) on two occasions during an infusion of isotonic saline or SMS (4 micrograms/min) in a randomized double-blind study. Plasma GH, cortisol, ACTH and SMS were measured. Three subjects demonstrated GH peaks during saline infusion but no peaks were seen in any subject during SMS infusion. No significant difference was found between peak cortisol responses during saline or SMS infusion (SMS cortisol 443 +/- 61 nmol/l, saline cortisol 485 +/- 52 nmol/l); neither was there any difference in the ACTH responses. We conclude that SMS does not alter the pituitary response to CRF in normal weight men and is thus less likely to be responsible for the altered pituitary-adrenal function seen in obesity. Further studies of alternative mechanisms are required to explain the cause of this abnormality.
Cloning, Expression, Pharmacology and Tissue Distribution of the Mouse Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 5 (1998)

The gene encoding the mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 5 has been isolated from a genomic library and the mRNA start point mapped to position -95 relative to the translational start codon. The promoter region is devoid of TATA and CAAT boxes but contains putative binding sites for AP-1, AP-2 and SP1 and response elements for glucocorticoids (GRE) and phorbol esters (TRE). The encoded receptor protein with a predicted molecular weight of 42.5 kDa is comprised of 385 amino acids and thus contains 22 and 21 amino acids more than rat and human counterparts. The extra amino acids are caused by another translational initiation codon located further upstream. In the region of overlap the mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 5 displays 96.7% sequence identity to the rat and 81.7% to the human homologue. Application of somatostatin-14 and -28 to human embryonic kidney cells expressing the recombinant receptor resulted in the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase with comparable EC50 values. Consistent with the observed sequence relationship, the mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 5 displays a pharmacological profile that resembles the rat homologue more closely than the human counterpart. mRNA for the mouse somatostatin type 5 receptor has been detected in pituitary, kidney, spleen and ovary and, to a lesser extent, in brain, stomach, intestine and thymus but was not observed in heart, pancreas and liver.
Processing Gaseous Blown Spray Applied Polyurethane Foam (2020)

HFC-134a is a substitute-blowing agent for HCFC-141b. It has been successfully used in many applications, such as appliance and pour-in-place. However, due to its boiling point and vapor pressure many have discounted HFC-134a acceptability as a blowing agent for spray applied polyurethane foam. The addition of high levels of HFC-134a to B-side blends results in blends with vapor pressures significantly above atmospheric pressure. This will result in these blends having to be handled in pressurized containers. However, low level of HFC-134a can be added to B-side blends and the vapor pressure can be low enough to handle them in standard containers. This paper focuses on further developments and improvements achieved in the spray foam systems using gaseous blowing agent (GBAs), which are also relevant to other Polyurethane Rigid (PUR) foam applications. In particular, we demonstrate that Forane® 22/142b is the best choice to produce spray-applied PUR foam products when HCFC-141b is phased out by 2003. However, if this option is unavailable, the paper will also demonstrate that when and where HCFCs are phased out or are no longer available, HFC Forane® 134a the zero ODP can be readily utilized as the most cost-effective substitute to produce spray applied foams with excellent properties. Nothing contained herein should be taken as an inducement to infringe any patent and the user is advised to take appropriate steps to be assured that any proposed use of these mowing agents will not result in patent infringement. In this regard, among others, the reader should be aware of such basic patents as Bayer’s U.S. 5,496,866 on the use of HFC-245fa as a foam blowing agent, DuPont’s U.S. 5,439,947 &amp; U.S. 5,516,811 on the use of HFC-134a, HCFC-124 and HCFC-22 as foam blowing agents, and non-U.S. counterparts of the forgoing patents.
Supplementary data 1 from Targeting a Single Alternative Polyadenylation Site Coordinately Blocks Expression of Androgen Receptor mRNA Splice Variants in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains supplementary data 1: Illumina HiSeq Sequencing metrics per sample.&lt;/p&gt;