gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fair spectrum sharing framework based on topological sort and max weight for femtocells (2016)

Femto base stations will be widely deployed in 5G times for compensating poor cellular coverage for use in residential or small business environments. In this paper, we propose a spectrum sharing framework, where a cluster of femtocells are under the control of a centralized local manager. The framework assumes that each femto base station has the sniffing ability that can detect its neighbor femtocells and the controller can then have complete knowledge of local interference constraints. Unlike distributed WiFi that runs on unlicensed band, the femtocell owned by a carrier runs on licensed band and the carrier prefers a centralized system to a distributed one. Therefore, a fair spectrum sharing policy on the licensed band is more important among carriers to break the monopoly and inefficient spectrum allocation. Considering the spectrum can be spatial reused, an interference graph is adopted to avoid the interference between femtocells of all the carriers. We test the framework not only by comparing the average number of channels per user can get but also the variance to guarantee the fairness. In this framework, the scheme combining topological sort and maximum traffic load of femtocell contributes to keep a better balance on the average number of channels and variance.
Nonpeptide Cyclic Cyanoguanidines as HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors:  Synthesis, Structure−Activity Relationships, and X-ray Crystal Structure Studies (1998)

Comparison of the high-resolution X-ray structures of the native HIV-1 protease and its complexes with the inhibitors suggested that the enzyme flaps are flexible. The movement at the tip of the flaps could be as large as 7 A. On the basis of this observation, cyclic cyanoguanidines have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as HIV-1 protease (PR) inhibitors. Cyclic cyanoguanidines were found to be very potent inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. The choice of cyclic cyanoguanidines over cyclic guanidines was based on the reduced basicity of the former. X-ray structure studies of the HIV PR complex with cyclic cyanoguanidine demonstrated that in analogy to cyclic urea, cyclic cyanoguanidines also displace the unique structural water molecule. The structure-activity relationship of the cyclic cyanoguanidines is compared with that of the corresponding cyclic urea analogues. The differences in binding constants of the two series of compounds have been rationalized using high-resolution X-ray structure information.
P4‐219: TMP21 association with the γ‐secretase complex and its regulation of protease activity (2008)

The presenilin proteins (PS1 and PS2) with their partners (NCT, APH1 and PEN2) are the major components of the high molecular weight γ-secretase complex which facilitates the intramembraneous cleavage of various type 1 transmembrane proteins, including the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) and Notch. Modest cleavage activity can be generated by reconstituting these four proteins in yeast suggesting they are essential and sufficient for γ-secretase cleavage. However, a critical question about the biology of the γ-secretase complex is whether its activity could be modulated by other protein components. The hypothesis that additional proteins might exist in the presenilin complexes is supported by the fact that enzymatically active complexes have a mass that is much greater than predicted for a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometric complex (>650 kDa observed compared with ∼220 kDa predicted). To address these questions, we undertook a search for presenilin-interacting proteins which revealed that TMP21, a member of the cargo protein family, is a component of γ-secretase complex and differentially regulates γ-secretase cleavage without affecting ϵ-secretase activity. No effects were observed with the homologous p24a cargo protein demonstrating specificity of the TMP21-mediated regulation of the secretase complex. Co-immunoprecipitation studies have demonstrated that wild-type TMP21 but not p24a binds directly to the γ-secretase complex. In addition, overexpression of TMP21 in cells expressing a modified APP construct leads to an impairment of γ-cleavage as indicated by the accumulation of longer, membrane-associated Aβ containing species. Domain-swapping approaches between TMP21 and the inactive p24a sequence are being used to determine if a specific functional sequence is required for binding to the secretase complex and regulation of γ-cleavage activity. These findings indicate that TMP21 physically interacts with the γ-secretase complex and is capable of regulating its activity possibly through a specific domain.
QoE-aware Bandwidth Allocation for Multiple Video Streaming Players over HTTP and SDN (2020)

For many years, the most popular technique for Internet video streaming is hypertext transfer protocol-based adaptive streaming, known as HAS (HTTP Adaptive Streaming). However, a seamless viewing experience can not be just simply guaranteed by HAS only. In the management network, the adaptation of HAS copes with a huge challenge since clientdriven schemes lead to unfair share of available bandwidth when multiple players request adaptive bitrates (i.e bandwidth) through a bottleneck network link. Each client's requesting to maximize its needed bandwidth leads to the competition of network resources. This causes great QoE (Quality of Experience) reduction in terms of main metrics for each player: fairness, efficiency, and stability. In this paper, we propose an integration scheme of bitrate adaptation and Software Defined Networking-based resource allocation that can improve the QoE of competing clients. Our experiments show that the proposed scheme increases at least 20% up to 124% in terms of QoE scores compared with some existing methods as well as gains smoother viewing experience than the solutions of the traditional Internet.
Development of Dihydrodibenzooxepine Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Gamma Ligands of a Novel Binding Mode as Anticancer Agents: Effective Mimicry of Chiral Structures by Olefinic E/Z-Isomers (2018)

A novel class of PPARγ ligand 1 (EC<sub>50</sub> = 197 nM) with a dibenzoazepin scaffold was identified through high-throughput screening campaign. To avoid the synthetically troublesome chiral center of 1, its conformational analysis using the MacroModel was conducted, focusing on conformational flip of the tricyclic ring and the conformational restriction by the methyl group at the chiral center. On the basis of this analysis, scaffold hopping of dibenzoazepine into dibenzo[ b, e]oxepine by replacing the chiral structures with the corresponding olefinic E/ Z isomers was performed. Consequently, dibenzo[ b, e]oxepine scaffold 9 was developed showing extremely potent PPARγ reporter activity (EC<sub>50</sub> = 2.4 nM, efficacy = 9.5%) as well as differentiation-inducing activity against a gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 that was more potent than any other well-known PPARγ agonists in vitro (94% at 30 nM). The X-ray crystal structure analysis of 9 complexed with PPARγ showed that it had a unique binding mode to PPARγ ligand-binding domain that differed from that of any other PPARγ agonists identified thus far.
MP79-20 AVOIDING A LEMON: PERFORMANCE CONSISTENCY OF SINGLE-USE URETEROSCOPES (2019)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Single-use flexible ureteroscopes are increasingly popular due to recent attention to repair costs and adequacy of sterilization of reusable scopes. The Boston Scientific LithoVue is the most widely used single-use scope in the US. However, as new single-use scopes enter the market, the consistency of performance of these devices has been questioned. Our objective was to compare two digital single-use ureteroscopes: the Pusen PU3022a (Zhuhai Pusen) and the LithoVue (Boston Scientific) with emphasis on physical and optical performance consistency.
Performance Analysis of L2 and L5 CNAV Broadcast Ephemeris for Orbit Calculation (2014)

GPS ephemeris error is a limiting factor in GPS position solution precision. The newly introduced GPS Civil Navigation (CNAV) broadcast message, an upgraded version of the legacy NAV message on the GPS L1 signal, is designed to provide users with more precise satellite orbit and timing parameters in GPS ephemeris. A CNAV message broadcast test was conducted from June 15th to 29th, 2013 on the L2C and L5 bands. Baseband civil GPS signals on L1, L2, and L5 were recorded during the test using wideband software radio front ends. The signals were acquired and tracked, and the navigation messages were decoded by the conventional Viterbi method and a more computationally efficient matrix-based method. GPS ephemerides were extracted from the CNAV messages to compute satellite orbit solutions. In this paper, the orbit solution accuracy is compared with that computed from Legacy NAV messages during the same time period to demonstrate the improvements in the CNAV ephemeris precision.
Does session variability compensation in speaker recognition model intrinsic variation under mismatched conditions? (2009)

Intersession variability (ISV) compensation in speaker recognition is well studied with respect to extrinsic variation, but little is known about its ability to model intrinsic variation. We find that ISV compensation is remarkably successful on a corpus of intrinsic variation that is highly controlled for channel (a dominant component of ISV). The results are particularly surprising because the ISV training data come from a different corpus than do speaker train and test data. We further find that relative improvements are (1) inversely related to uncompensated performance, (2) reduced more by vocal effort train/test mismatch than by speaking style mismatch, and (3) reduced additionally for mismatches in both style and level. Results demonstrate that intersession variability compensation does model intrinsic variation, and suggest that mismatched data may be more useful than previously expected for modeling certain types of withinspeaker variability in speech.
High-speed frequency control for optical data transmission and radio-on-fiber systems (2012)

This presentation focuses on high-speed frequency control of radio-wave and lightwave signals using optical modulation. Frequency multiplication in optical modulators also plays important roles. Optical two-tone signals whose frequency separation can be up to 160 GHz would be useful for reference signals in array antennas, photodetector estimation, etc. In addition, this technique can be applicable for radar sensing, signal monitoring and performance diagnostics.
Fabrication of Mesoporous Metal Chalcogenide Nanoflake Silica Thin Films and Spongy Mesoporous CdS and CdSe (2012)

Mesoporous silica metal oxide (ZnO and CdO) thin films have been used as metal ion precursors to produce the first examples of mesoporous silica metal sulfide (meso-SiO(2) @ZnS, meso-SiO(2) @CdS) or silica metal selenide (meso-SiO(2) @ZnSe, meso-SiO(2) @CdSe) thin films, in which the pore walls are made up of silica and metal sulfide or metal selenide nanoflakes, respectively. A gentle chemical etching with a dilute HF solution of the meso-SiO(2) @CdS (or meso-SiO(2) @CdSe) produces mesoporous cadmium sulfide (meso-CdS) (or cadmium selenide, meso-CdSe). Surface modified meso-CdS displays bright blue photoluminescence upon excitation with a UV light. The mesoporous silica metal oxides are formed as metal oxide nanoislands over the silica walls through a self-assembly process of a mixture of metal nitrate salt-two surfactants-silica source followed by calcination step. The reactions, between the H(2) S (or H(2) Se) gas and solid precursors, have been carried out at room temperature and monitored using spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. It has been found that these reactions are: 1) taking place through the diffusion of sulfur or selenium species from the top metal oxide layer to the silica metal oxide interface and 2) slow and can be stopped at any stage to obtain mesoporous silica metal oxide metal sulfide or silica metal oxide metal selenide intermediate thin films.
Analysis of O(1D) Distribution by Time-Resolved Measurement of Ozone Density for Application of UV-light Excited Ozone to Oxidation Process (2006)

Silicon oxidation process using UV-light excited ozone, i.e., ca. 100% ozone atmosphere irradiated by KrF excimer laser light (λ=248 nm), is one of the most promising techniques to fabricate a high-quality SiO2 film at low temperatures. To clarify the mechanism of the silicon oxidation and to optimize the conditions of oxidation, we have done a time-resolved measurement of ozone density. The result shows that there are three stages of ozone density change. The calculated ozone density based on a reaction model fits the observed density at the first stage.
A Case Study of Sockpuppet Detection in Wikipedia (2013)

This paper presents preliminary results of using authorship attribution methods for the detection of sockpuppeteering in Wikipedia. Sockpuppets are fake accounts created by malicious users to bypass Wikipedia’s regulations. Our dataset is composed of the comments made by the editors on the talk pages. To overcome the limitations of the short lengths of these comments, we use an voting scheme to combine predictions made on individual user entries. We show that this approach is promising and that it can be a viable alternative to the current human process that Wikipedia uses to resolve suspected sockpuppet cases. 1
Use of Axl, a therapeutic target in AML, to mediate stroma-induced chemoresistance. (2013)

7027 Background: Axl, the receptor for Growth Arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) plays a role in AML pathobiology (Blood Suppl. Nov 2011; 118: 940). Here, we investigated whether Axl represents a therapeutic target in AML. Methods: Gas6 levels were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Axl expression was detected by flow cytometry. Co-cultures of (murine) BM stroma cells (primary, OP9, S17) with Mv4-11 and OCI-AML5 cell lines were performed. Results: We found (i) higher expression of Axl in AML BM compared to healthy BM donors (66.20 ± 10.87 vs. 0.65 ± 0.10 %; n=8/6; p&lt;0.05); (ii) Axl expression by 68 ± 31% of AML blasts and (iv) higher expression of Axl by CD34 + CD38 - AML stem cells compared to healthy CD34 + CD38 - BM stem cells (58.43 ± 4.63 % vs. 6.00 ± 2.01 %; n=7/6; p&lt;0.05). The Axl inhibitor BGB324 dose-dependently inhibited proliferation of primary AML cells with a mean IC50 of 1.8 µM. Sensitivity to BGB324 (i.e. a lower IC50) correlated with Axl expression on leukemia cells (Pearson’s r = -0.9656, p&lt;0.05). Combination therapy with BGB324 and cytarabine exerted an additive therapeutic effect and BGB324 could chemosensitize cytarabine-resistant AML cells. Analyses of BM sections revealed that Gas6 expression was low in AML cells, similar to healthy hematopoietic cells while it was abundantly expressed in AML BM stromal cells with fibroblastic/mesenchymal morphology (BMDSCs). Gas6 expression was considerably lower in control BMDSCs (86 ± 14 % vs. 20 ± 20 %; n=5/7; p&lt;0.05) thus suggesting a possible paracrine interaction between AML cells and BMDSCs leading to Gas6 upregulation in the stroma compartment. Co-culture experiments indicated specific upregulation of murine (m)Gas6 in BMDSCs via leukemia-cell derived IL-10 and M-CSF. This stroma-derived Gas6 could mediate chemoresistance of AML cells in co-culture, which was abrogated by sAxl or by BGB324. Thus, interaction between stroma-derived Gas6 and Axl + leukemia cells forms a chemoprotective niche for leukemia cells. In line with these findings Axl blockade chemosensitizes Mv4-11 cells for treatment with doxorubicine in vivo. Conclusions: Axl represents a therapeutic target in AML and Axl inhibition by BGB324 holds potential to treat chemosensitive and chemoresistant AML.
Optimization of a 5-kW Telecom Phase-Shift DC–DC Converter With Magnetically Integrated Current Doubler (2011)

The development of new converter systems with higher power density and/or efficiency offers many degrees of freedom for the design parameters as a large number of system component values have to be defined, where all of which are interdependent, to some extent, on another. Therefore, an automated optimization procedure, based on comprehensive analytical models and the resulting optimal design parameters, e.g., switching frequency or transformer design, to achieve the most compact and/or efficient design, is presented in this paper. In addition, the design of a volume-optimized 400/46-56-V phase-shift dc-dc converter with a current doubler rectifier and the underlying analytical models are also introduced. The power density of the converter is increased by integrating the output inductors in the transformer's core. A new lossless magnetic snubber circuit is introduced, which damps the intrinsic voltage ringing of the rectifier diodes and feeds the ringing energy to the output. The experimental results prove the analytical models and the design procedure. The 5-kW dc-dc converter prototype has a power density of 147 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> (9 kW/L) and a maximum efficiency of 94.4% at 54-V output voltage and full load.
Measurement of Z boson production in association with b-jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and studies of an electron trigger system for high luminosity in the ATLAS experiment (2017)

\n This thesis will present results on the measurement of Z boson production in the electron channel associated with b-jets in proton-proton collision at 13 TeV, a measurement of fundamental interest in precision measurements and physics searches. This measurement represents important precision tests of perturbative QCD and provides information related to the b-quark inside of the proton. This measurement also represents one of the main sources of background in top quark production studies, Higgs precision measurements and the search for supersymmetric particles. The results on cross section measurements and kinematic distributions presented in this work have been unfolded to particle level and are compared to the four and five flavor schemes in Monte Carlo generators, showing that the predictions are consistent within the experimental uncertainties. In this thesis it will be also shown results of the development of the new event selection system proposed for high luminosity measurements. This system will be implemented during the second LHC long shutdown (2019-2020), which involves studies on the reconstruction of electrons using the concept of supercells, where the fine granularity of the cells of the ATLAS Liquid Argon detector is exploited to mitigate the problems to be found in high luminosity conditions. One of the problems is the increase of pile-up, caused by secondary collisions of protons in the same event, generating a large number of low pT jets that can be erroneously identified as electrons. The studies in this work introduce new discriminants based on the electromagnetic shower shape, showing that is possible to further reduce the rate of low pT jets maintaining a good performance on electron reconstruction.\n
Construction of a model cell line for the assay of MDR1 (multi drug resistance gene-1) substrates/inhibitors using HeLa cells. (2009)

Cancer cells often become resistant to chemotherapy, and induction of the ABC transporter Multi-drug Resistance gene-1 (MDR1) is a major cause. We established a tool for high-throughput screening of substrates and inhibitors of MDR1, using transformed HeLa cells that over-express MDR1. The cDNA for human MDR1 was subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pBK-CMV to produce an MDR1 expression vector, pBK-CMV/MDR1. HeLa cells were transfected with pBK-CMV/MDR1 or the empty vector pBK-CMV. Transfection of the vector sequence for MDR1 and its expression were evaluated by genomic PCR and western blotting, respectively. The efficiency of the MDR1 transporter for pumping a substrate out of the transformed cells was evaluated using rhodamine123 (R-123), a mitochondrial dye that is also an MDR1 substrate. After treatment of the MDR1-expressing HeLa cells with MDR1 substrate vinblastin or inhibitors cyclosporin A and verapamil, the amount of R-123 retained in the cells was increased to 2 to 2.3 times the level in untreated MDR1-expressing HeLa cells. The transfection of empty pBK-CMV had no effect on the R-123 retention in HeLa cells, regardless of drug treatment. In conclusion, we have established a model human carcinoma cell line that expresses functional MDR1 and can be used to screen for substrates and inhibitors of MDR1.
Controlling oxygen distribution of an MgAl2O4 barrier for magnetic tunnel junctions by two-step process (2020)

An MgAl2O4 barrier with an ordered spinel structure for magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) was prepared via a two-step process by repeating Mg–Al alloy deposition and post-oxidation to tune its oxidation state. The obtained Fe/MgAl2O4/Fe(001) epitaxial MTJs showed a large tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio (&amp;gt;150%) in a wide resistance × area (RA) range; this behavior was in contrast with that of MTJs prepared through a conventional one-step process, which exhibited a large TMR ratio only in a narrow RA range. The bias voltage at which the TMR is halved from the zero-bias value increased up to 1.20 and 1.47 V for the positive and negative bias polarities, respectively, when optimizing the two-step process. The nanostructure analysis revealed an improved oxygen distribution on the atomic scale in the MgAl2O4 barrier with the two-step process, providing a coherent barrier suitable for various practical applications.
A Set-Covering Approach for Modeling Attacks on Key Predistribution in Wireless Sensor Networks (2005)

We study attacks by adversaries which aim to compromise links in a wireless sensor network through various techniques which are modeled using the set-covering problem. We discuss the effects of the attacks and present techniques which can be used to mitigate the effects of the attacks. Furthermore, we analyze the performance of various key predistribution schemes with and without the mitigation techniques
Optical properties of planar photonic band gap structures measured with femtosecond pulses (2003)

Summary form only given. We propose a method for measuring the dielectric function of a periodic structure consisting of an ordered crystalline array of highly monodisperse silica spheres. We fabricate the photonic structure directly on the reflecting surface of a conventional mirror. We then use this mirror as one end of a Michelson interferometer, constructed for the purpose of performing interferometric autocorrelations of femtosecond pulses. By comparing the interferometric autocorrelations measured with and without the sample in place, it should be possible to extract the optical constants of the sample.
Year in review 2008: Critical Care - nephrology (2009)

We summarize original research in the field of critical care nephrology accepted or published during 2008 in Critical Care and, when considered relevant or directly linked to this research, in other journals. Three main topics have been identified for a rapid overview. (1) The classification of acute kidney injury, with particular attention to differences and similarities between the RIFLE and AKIN classifications. (2) Fluid balance in patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) has been shown as an independent risk factor for mortality in critically ill patients: current evidence and uncertainties are described. (3) Management of anticoagulation during RRT has been explored by several researchers in 2008: diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, the use of tirofiban and optimal anticoagulation during drotrecogin A activated treatment have been evaluated.