gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Platelet/Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule–1 (CD31) and CD38 Antigens in Marrow Microenvironmental Retention of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Cells (2007)

In acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), leukemic cell-microenvironment interactions within various niches (stromal/osteoblastic or sinusoidal endothelial cell niches) have a role in leukemia cell survival and drug resistance. The AML leukemic cells express platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and CD38, two adhesion molecules that could interact with microenvironmental elements, i.e., CD31 on the surface of marrow endothelial cells (CD31/CD31 and CD38/CD31 interactions) and hyaluronate (CD38/hyaluronate interactions). We report a physical association of these two antigens on the plasma membrane of myeloid leukemic cells. In this context, in vitro experiments done using interaction-blocking anti-CD31 and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (CLB-HEC75 and OKT10, respectively) indicate that an excess of CD31 on the cell membrane of leukemic cells (CD31/CD38 MFI ratio >1) promotes a homotypic interaction with marrow endothelial cells, resulting in higher transendothelial migration. Conversely, an excess of CD38 (CD31/CD38 MFI ratio <1) allows leukemic cells to be entrapped within the bone marrow microenvironment through hyaluronate adhesion. The results obtained in vitro using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, co-capping, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments, and hyaluronate adhesion and transendothelial migration assays, are supported by immunophenotypic characterization of marrow leukemic cells from 78 AML patients on which CD38 expression levels were found to be positively correlated with those of CD31. Importantly, the excess of CD31 in those samples was associated with a higher peripheral WBC count. These findings indicate that bone marrow retention of AML cells depends on CD31 and CD38 coexpression levels.
Low resistivity bcc-Ta/TaN/sub x/ metal gate MNSFETs having plane gate structure featuring fully low-temperature processing below 450°C (2002)

We have developed a low-resistivity metal gate metal-nitride-semiconductor (MNS) FET technology with conventional plane gate structure using fully low-temperature processing. The gate stack consists of directly grown silicon nitride (Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/) dielectric using high-density plasma and bcc-phase tantalum (/spl sim/15 /spl mu//spl Omega/cm)/tantalum nitride (bcc-Ta/TaN/sub x/) stacked metal gate below 1.0 /spl Omega//sq. In order to avoid deterioration of the metal gate system, we adopted low-temperature S/D annealing by the solid phase epitaxy (SPE) method. In this paper, we demonstrate the excellent characteristics of fully-depleted silicon-on-dielectric (FDSOI) metal gate MNSFETs with conventional plane gate structure using fully low-temperature processing below 450/spl deg/C.
A Matrix Isolation Study of 2-Isopropylidenecyclopentane-1,3-diyl (Berson-Type Diradical) (2006)

The photodenitrogenation of diazene 5 in an argon matrix at 10 K permitted the first observation of an IR spectrum of 2-isopropylidenecyclopentane-1,3-diyl 2 (a Berson-type diradical). A comparison of the IR spectrum with a vibrational simulation at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory revealed that the diradical 2 has a planar structure. The oxygen-trapping reaction of 2 produced regioselectively fused peroxide 6 in an oxygen-doped argon matrix at 10 K. Irradiation of the diradical 2 afforded enyne 8 in an argon matrix at 10 K.
Dusty Thermal Vacuum (DTVAC) Facility Integration (2018)

The perspective of beyond-LEO landed missions increases the need for payloads, landers, rovers, and future manned vehicles with the ability to survive and operate in different extra-terrestrial environments for extended periods of time. In the near-term, this includes the lunar, Mars, and asteroid environments. The DTVAC facility offers a test environment suitable for testing under simulated asteroid, lunar, and Martian conditions. It facilitates the combined effects of simulated solar illumination, thermal control, fine dust simulant dispersion, and charging, as well as vacuum to different levels. A temperature-controlled platen can accommodate various test devices up to 1.0 m×1.0 m×0.9 m in volume, including devices such as solar panels, optical payloads, and various mechanical assemblies such as motors, wheels, and small robots. In the initial performance validation, the DTVAC facility was able to provide 21 days of continuous environmental simulation under computer control.
Inflammatory Markers, Pulmonary Function, and Clinical Symptoms in Acute COVID-19 Among Non-Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults (2022)

Among non-hospitalized adolescents and young adults with COVID-19 there was significant alterations of plasma inflammatory markers in the subacute stage of the infection. Still, pulmonary function was normal. Clinical symptoms were independent of inflammatory and pulmonary function markers, but positively associated with age and female sex.
Localization of the source of hyperinsulinism: percutaneous transhepatic portal and pancreatic vein catheterization with hormone assay (1982)

Insulin concentrations were measured in the portal venous system through the percutaneous transhepatic approach in 12 patients with organic hyperinsulinism. Single insulinomas were found in 10, an adenoma and islet cell hyperplasia in one, and nesidioblastosis in one patient. Angiography localized adenomas in two. Local step-ups of insulin levels in the portal venous system, found in all patients with insulinomas, corresponded to tumor sites at surgery. Multiple step-ups were found in the portal venous system of the patient with nesidioblastosis and the patient with an adenoma with islet cell hyperplasia. Three tumors were localized in the head of the pancreas which would indicate the primary surgical approach rather than blind resection of the body and tail. Three of the 10 adenomas were not identifiable by palpation after pancreatic mobilization during surgery. In all patients, organic hyperinsulinism was cured after surgery. Percutaneous transhepatic portal and pancreatic vein catheterization with measurement of radioimmunoactive insulin concentrations is a safe and reliable method and may play an important role in the localization of adenomas in patients with normal angiographic studies and previous negative surgical explorations.
A polynomial time algorithm for breaking the basic Merkle-Hellman cryptosystem (1982)

The cryptographic security of the Merkle-Hellman cryptosystem has been a major open problem since 1976. In this paper we show that the basic variant of this cryptosystem, in which the elements of the public key are modular multiples of a superincreasing sequence, is breakable in polynomial time.
Ethylene epoxidation in a catalytic packed-bed membrane reactor (1998)

The performance of different membrane reactors for the epoxidation of ethylene was compared with that of a conventional fixed-bed reactor (FBR), under identical overall reaction conditions, using a cesium-doped silver catalyst supported on α-alumina. Two packed-bed membrane reactor configurations were used, one using oxygen as permeate with ethylene flowing over the catalyst bed (PBMR-O), and the other using ethylene as permeate with oxygen flowing over the catalyst bed (PBMR-E). The study of the FBR showed that high oxygen/ethylene ratio increases ethylene oxide selectivity. The behavior of the membrane reactor was different depending on the configuration, with the PBMR-O exhibiting smaller and the PBMR-E larger ethylene oxide selectivity, as compared to the FBR. While maintaining the overall reaction conditions fixed, ethylene oxide production in the membrane reactor could be increased further by manipulating the residence time of the reactants over the catalyst bed, and the maximun value was obtained for the largest possible residence time. The results demonstrate the operational flexibility and potential attractiveness of membrane reactors, since local reactant concentrations and residence times can be tuned to optimize reactor performance.
Effects of polysorbate 80 on the in-vitro precipitation and oral bioavailability of halofantrine from polyethylene glycol 400 formulations in rats (2010)

Addition of PS80 to the formulation increased the bioavailability of halofantrine and the more compound, the more PS80 was needed to prevent precipitation.
High-resolution population-specific recombination rates and their effect on phasing and genotype imputation (2020)

Previous research has shown that using population-specific reference panels has a significant effect on downstream population genomic analyses like haplotype phasing, genotype imputation, and association, especially in the context of population isolates. Here, we developed a high-resolution recombination rate mapping at 10 and 50 kb scale using high-coverage (20-30×) whole-genome sequenced data of 55 family trios from Finland and compared it to recombination rates of non-Finnish Europeans (NFE). We tested the downstream effects of the population-specific recombination rates in statistical phasing and genotype imputation in Finns as compared to the same analyses performed by using the NFE-based recombination rates. We found that Finnish recombination rates have a moderately high correlation (Spearman's ρ = 0.67-0.79) with NFE, although on average (across all autosomal chromosomes), Finnish rates (2.268 ± 0.4209 cM/Mb) are 12-14% lower than NFE (2.641 ± 0.5032 cM/Mb). Finnish recombination map was found to have no significant effect in haplotype phasing accuracy (switch error rates ~2%) and average imputation concordance rates (97-98% for common, 92-96% for low frequency and 78-90% for rare variants). Our results suggest that haplotype phasing and genotype imputation mostly depend on population-specific contexts like appropriate reference panels and their sample size, but not on population-specific recombination maps. Even though recombination rate estimates had some differences between the Finnish and NFE populations, haplotyping and imputation had not been noticeably affected by the recombination map used. Therefore, the currently available HapMap recombination maps seem robust for population-specific phasing and imputation pipelines, even in the context of relatively isolated populations like Finland.
Free Positioning Wireless Power Transfer Technology for AUVs and Underwater Robots in Seawater (2022)

AUV（Autonomous Underwater Vehicle）は海底調査やインフラ施設の監視などで使用されるが, バッテリー駆動のため活動時間に制約があるとともに，充電のたびに海から引き揚げる必要があるため作業性に課題がある．海中でワイヤレス充電ができれば運用時間を大幅に延ばすことができるが，潮流のある中でAUV を所望の位置に完全に静止させるのは難しい．そこで，送受電コイルの精密なアライメントを必要とせず，ポジションフリーで充電できる新たな給電方式が求められる．筆者らは，電磁波が伝わりにくい海中でも離れた場所に電力を送ることのできる海中向けの給電技術として，磁界結合方式のポジションフリー海中給電方式を提案している．伝送距離の長距離化のアプローチとして，直径3.4 m の送電コイルを7 段用いたドミノ方式により10 m 先の受電コイルに100 W の電力を送ることに成功している．またAUV の充電に必要な大電力を給電するためのアプローチとして，直列3 連送電コイルと，フェライト付き金属製中空容器に巻き付けた受電コイルにより，80% を超える高効率な電力伝送を達成しており，今後は実際のAUV を用いた実海域での実証を予定している．本稿ではこれら2 方式の海中給電技術について，システム設計手法と特性評価について解説する．
A Comparative Study of Antifatigue Effects of Taurine and Vitamin C on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2022)

Vitamin C and taurine (TR) are well known as active components for fatigue recovery. However, the mechanism of the anti-fatigue effects of vitamin C and TR is still unclear. Our study was designed to evaluate the anti-fatigue activities of vitamin C and TR in an animal test for fatigue and to compare the activities between vitamin C and TR. Materials and Methods: Vitamin C, TR or their combination were orally administrated to mice once daily for 15 days, and then metabolic activities such as blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as antioxidant activities such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined (evaluated) after forced swimming test (FST). Results: Compared with the control group, C100, C200, and T50 showed a tendency to decrease mobility in FST. Moreover, TG (C100, C200, T200), LDH (C200), lactic acid (C100) and MDA (C50, C100, C200) levels were inhibited by vitamin C and TR. Conclusions: These results suggest that vitamin C and TR have anti-fatigue activities in mice, with vitamin C providing a stronger effect.
A Compact Broadband Mixed-Signal Power Amplifier in Bulk CMOS With Hybrid Class-G and Dynamic Load Trajectory Manipulation (2017)

This paper presents a mixed-signal power amplifier (PA) with real-time hybrid Class-G and dynamic load trajectory manipulation (DLTM) operation that achieves PA efficiency enhancement into the deep power back-off (PBO) region. Moreover, we dynamically manipulate the PA load impedance trajectory that travels from the optimum output power (Pout) load impedance to the optimum efficiency load impedance during PBO, which creates PA PBO efficiency peaking. The introduced digitally intensive mixed-signal PA architecture enables precise and optimum real-time hybrid PA operation and ensures both PA output amplitude and phase accuracy. DLTM operation also extends the PA RF carrier bandwidth. A prototype PA is fully integrated in a standard 65-nm bulk CMOS process. Its load modulation network is realized by an on-chip compact transformer balun and two on-chip switch-controlled capacitors. The PA achieves +24.6-dBm (+24.4-dBm) peak P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> and 45.6% (45.8%) maximum drain efficiency (DE) at 2.4 GHz (2.8 GHz). DLTM operation extends the PA P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> and 1-dB bandwidth from 41.7% to 53.8%. By combining the real-time hybrid Class-G and DLTM operation with mixed-signal linearization, the PA delivers +17.6/+17.3-dBm (+17.3/+17-dBm) 10M-Sym/s 64QAM/256QAM at 2.4 GHz (2.8 GHz) with 27.5/26.7% (26.2/24.1%) DE, -29.2/-30.4-dB (-31.3/-31.5 dB) rms error vector magnitude (EVM), and -25.3/-25.1-dBc (-26.4/-26.1-dBc) adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). The total chip area is 1.9 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
In Arctic ground squirrels, diet and torpor alter skeletal muscle relaxation kinetics but not force development (2022)

During the hibernation season, Arctic ground squirrels (AGS) experience extreme temperature fluctuations (body temperature, Tb, as low as ‐3°C), during which they are mostly physically inactive. Once Tb reaches ~15°C during interbout arousals, hibernators recruit skeletal muscle (SkM) for shivering thermogenesis to reach Tb of ~35°C. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet are known to influence SkM function and metabolism. Recent studies in the cardiac muscle of hibernators have revealed that increased levels of ω‐6 and the ω‐6:ω‐3 PUFA ratio correlates with sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) activity and hibernation status. Muscular activity is characterized by contraction and relaxation mediated by calcium ions cycling released from SR stores. Ryanodine receptors (RyR1) on SR membranes release calcium ions into the cytosol, facilitating muscle contraction via actin‐myosin cross‐bridging. Whereas SERCA catalyzes Ca 2+ reuptake back into the SR, releasing Ca 2+ from actin/myosin filaments, completing the calcium cycle, and causing muscle relaxation. We hypothesized that diet (increased ω‐6:ω‐3 PUFA ratio) and torpor status are important in the regulation of the SERCA pump and that this may improve SkM performance during hibernation. Ex‐vivo functional assays were used to characterize performance changes in SkM (diaphragm) from AGS fed the following diets. 1) Standard rodent chow with an ω‐6:ω‐3 ratio of 5:1, and 2) a balanced diet with an ω‐6:ω‐3 ratio of 1:1 that roughly mimics wild diet. We collected diaphragms at three different stages of hibernation (early torpor, late torpor, and arousal) and evaluated muscle function under hypothermic temperature stress at 4°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 37°C to determine functional resilience. Our data show that torpid animals fed standard rodent chow appear to have an increase in SERCA activity, resulting in a significant increase in calcium mobilization from the sarcoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by the SERCA pump, allowing faster SkM relaxation when compared to the balanced diet animals. Furthermore, we discovered that standard rodent chow AGS during torpor has higher SkM relaxation kinetics, but this effect of torpor is eliminated in balanced diet AGS. Interestingly, neither diet nor torpor influenced the rate of force development (rate of calcium release). This is the first study to show that increasing the dietary ω‐6:ω‐3 PUFA ratio improves skeletal muscle performance during hypothermic stress in a hibernating animal. This evidence supports the interpretation that diet can change some functional properties of the SkM, presumably through membrane lipid composition, ambient temperature, and torpor interaction, with an impact on SkM performance.
Thyroid hormones regulate levels of thyrotropin-releasing-hormone mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus. (1987)

Cellular levels of messenger RNA encoding thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were measured in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the reticular nucleus of the thalamus in male rats after chemical thyroidectomy and thyroid hormone replacement. TRH mRNA levels were measured by quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry using a 35S-labeled synthetic 48-base oligodeoxynucleotide probe and quantitative autoradiography. Chemical thyroidectomy, produced by the administration of 6-(n-propyl)-2-thiouracil (PrSur), reduced plasma thyroxine below detection limits and significantly increased TRH mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus. Treatment with exogenous L-triiodothyronine (T3) reduced TRH mRNA to the same level in both hypothyroid and euthyroid animals. Neither PrSur treatment nor T3 replacement influenced TRH mRNA levels in the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. Blot hybridization analysis of electrophoretically fractionated total RNA from pituitaries of these animals indicated that thyrotropin-beta mRNA levels were elevated after thyroidectomy and reduced by T3 treatment, showing that the pituitary-thyroid axis was indeed stimulated by PrSur treatment. These results suggest that thyroid hormones are involved, either directly or indirectly, in regulating the biosynthesis of TRH in the thyrotropic center of the hypothalamus.
Paracrine Regulation of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Differentiation by Stanniocalcin (STC) 1: Mediation through Specific STC1 Receptors (2004)

Stanniocalcin (STC) in fish maintains calcium and phosphate homeostasis, whereas mammalian STC1 shows a diverse tissue expression pattern with ovary exhibiting the highest level. Based on the known expression of STC1 in theca/interstitial cells of the ovary, we generated recombinant N-glycosylated STC1 protein and tested its ability to modulate granulosa cell differentiation. In cultured rat granulosa cells obtained from early antral follicles, treatment with STC1 suppressed FSH-stimulated progesterone biosynthesis with minimal effects on estradiol and cAMP production. In mature granulosa cells, treatment with STC1 also suppressed human chorionic gonadotropin-induced progesterone production. The inhibitory effect of STC1 was accompanied by a pronounced suppression of the CYP11A transcripts and the FSH induction of functional LH receptors. In addition, STC1 was found to act downstream of adenyl cyclases in suppressing progesterone biosynthesis. We also tested the regulation of STC1 gene expression by gonadotropins. Treatment with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin decreased STC1 transcript levels in theca cells of maturing follicles, whereas subsequent treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin led to sustained suppression in the corpora lutea. Using radiolabeled recombinant STC1, receptor assays showed specific STC1 binding with a high affinity to granulosa cells. Because STC1 is expressed in ovarian theca/interstitial cells, the present demonstration of receptor binding and the specific actions of STC1 in granulosa cells suggest the existence of a follicular paracrine system in which theca cell-derived STC1 dampens the gonadotropin stimulation of granulosa cell differentiation. The observed STC1 suppression of progesterone, but not estradiol, production further suggests the potential role of this paracrine hormone as a luteinization inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: A MILD METHOD OF HYDROLYSIS OF 2,4‐DIALKOXY‐6‐SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINES TO 6‐SUBSTITUTED URACILS (1980)

Abstract Aus den 2,4‐Dialkoxy‐pyrimidinen (I) erhält man Trimethyliodsilan (II) nach Hydrolyse die Uracile (III).
Bioactive glass grants equivalent fusion compared to autologous iliac crest bone for ALIF: a within‐patient comparative study (2022)

For ALIF at L5-S1 or L4-L5, within-patient fusion rates were equivalent for bioactive glass compared to autologous iliac crest bone; thus, bioactive glass can substitute autologous bone, avoiding increased operative time and blood loss, as well as donor site morbidity.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Is Associated with Common Genetic Variants and Limited Rare Variants (2023)

<b>Rationale:</b> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, irreversible, and progressive disease of the lungs. Common genetic variants, in addition to nongenetic factors, have been consistently associated with IPF. Rare variants identified by candidate gene, family-based, and exome studies have also been reported to associate with IPF. However, the extent to which rare variants, genome-wide, may contribute to the risk of IPF remains unknown. <b>Objectives:</b> We used whole-genome sequencing to investigate the role of rare variants, genome-wide, on IPF risk. <b>Methods:</b> As part of the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Program, we sequenced 2,180 cases of IPF. Association testing focused on the aggregated effect of rare variants (minor allele frequency ⩽0.01) within genes or regions. We also identified individual rare variants that are influential within genes and estimated the heritability of IPF on the basis of rare and common variants. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Rare variants in both <i>TERT</i> and <i>RTEL1</i> were significantly associated with IPF. A single rare variant in each of the <i>TERT</i> and <i>RTEL1</i> genes was found to consistently influence the aggregated test statistics. There was no significant evidence of association with other previously reported rare variants. The SNP heritability of IPF was estimated to be 32% (SE = 3%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Rare variants within the <i>TERT</i> and <i>RTEL1</i> genes and well-established common variants have the largest contribution to IPF risk overall. Efforts in risk profiling or the development of therapies for IPF that focus on <i>TERT</i>, <i>RTEL1</i>, common variants, and environmental risk factors are likely to have the largest impact on this complex disease.
Reliability and Reproducibility of Subaxial Cervical Injury Description System (2011)

This study demonstrated that, even in ideal circumstances, there is only moderate agreement among raters regarding cervical injury nomenclature. It is hoped that more familiarity with the proposed system will increase reproducibility in the future. Additional research is required to establish the clinical utility of this novel nomenclature schema.
Hypersensitivity of scleroderma cutaneous vascular smooth muscle to 5-hydroxytryptamine (1976)

Vascular smooth muscle strips from subcutaneous wrist vessels of patients with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) were studied in an isolated system. No difference between catecholamine response of scleroderma or control vessel strips was observed. Three of four patients demonstrated significant hypersensitivity to 5-hydroxytryptamine as compared to control values. Serotonin hypersensitivity may play a role in the evolution of Raynaud's phenomenon and vascular scleroderma.