gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of fungal endophytes to increase cucurbit plant performance by conferring abiotic and biotic stress tolerance (2014)

Major threats to agricultural sustainability in the 21st century are drought, increasing temperatures, soil salinity and soilborne pathogens, all of which are being exacerbated by climate change and pesticide abolition and are burning issues related to agriculture in the Middle East. We have found that Class 2 fungal endophytes adapt native plants to environmental stresses (drought, heat and salt) in a habitat-specific manner, and that these endophytes can confer stress tolerance to genetically distant monocot and eudicot hosts. In the past, we generated a uv non-pathogenic endophytic mutant of Colletotrichum magna (path-1) that colonized cucurbits, induced drought tolerance and enhanced growth, and protected 85% - 100% against disease caused by certain pathogenic fungi. We propose: 1) utilizing path-1 and additional endophtyic microorganisms to be isolated from stress-tolerant local, wild cucurbit watermelon, Citrulluscolocynthis, growing in the Dead Sea and Arava desert areas, 2) generate abiotic and biotic tolerant melon crop plants, colonized by the isolated endophytes, to increase crop yields under extreme environmental conditions such as salinity, heat and drought stress, 3) manage soilborne fungal pathogens affecting curubit crop species growing in the desert areas. This is a unique and novel "systems" approach that has the potential to utilize natural plant adaptation for agricultural development. We envisage that endophyte-colonized melons will eventually be used to overcome damages caused by soilborne diseases and also for cultivation of this crop, under stress conditions, utilizing treated waste water, thus dealing with the limited resource of fresh water.
Reconstruction of hadronic decay products of tau leptons with the ATLAS experiment (2016)

This paper presents a new method of reconstructing the individual charged and neutral hadrons in tau decays with the ATLAS detector. The reconstructed hadrons are used to classify the decay mode and to calculate the visible four-momentum of reconstructed tau candidates, significantly improving the resolution with respect to the calibration in the existing tau reconstruction. The performance of the reconstruction algorithm is optimised and evaluated using simulation and validated using samples of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]+jets events selected from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy [Formula: see text], corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 [Formula: see text].
Improved bounds and constructions for granular media coding (2013)

Improved bounds on the rates of grain-correcting codes are presented. The lower bounds are Gilbert-Varshamov-like ones combined with a construction by Gabrys et al.; additionally, two asymptotically equivalent upper bounds are presented. Both the lower and the upper bounds improve on the previously known results for certain ranges of parameters. Constructions of 1-grain-correcting codes which are based on a partitioning technique are presented for lengths up to 18.
Passive Optical Network Architectures and Technologies (2006)

Call for Papers: Passive Optical Network Architectures and Technologies Guest Feature Editors Pat Iannone, AT&amp;T Labs--Research Yun Chung, KAIST Submission deadline: 15 December 2006 For over 20 years, passive optical networks (PON) have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated as a broadband access solution. The recent availability of standardized TDM PON systems such as APON, BPON, GPON and EPON, along with local facilities-based competition and increasing demand for bandwidth, have resulted in a flurry of PON deployments worldwide. This commercial interest in PON is driving increased research activity in next-generation TDM and WDM PON architectures, subsystems, components and related enabling technologies, which will be the focus of this Journal of Optical Networking (JON) feature issue. Scope of SubmissionThe guest editors are soliciting high-quality original research papers related to passive optical network (PON) architectures and technologies. Among the topics suitable for inclusion in this feature issue are: Proposed upgrades to existing standardized PONs (EPON, GPON, etc.) Extended-reach (enhanced optical budget) PONs PON transceivers Passive components for PON Outside plant testing for PON Protection and restoration for PON Performance modeling and analysis Experimental field trials To submit to this special issue, follow the normal procedure for submission to JON and select "PON" in the features indicator of the online submission form. For all other questions relating to this feature issue, please send an e-mail to jon@osa.org, subject line "PON." Additional information can be found on the JON website: http://www.osa-jon.org/journal/jon/author.cfm. Submission Deadline: 15 December 2006
Semi-Federated Learning for Edge Intelligence with Imperfect SIC (2023)

In this paper, we propose a semi-federated learning (SemiFL) framework that allows computing-limited clients to collaboratively train a shared model with resource-abundant clients. Specifically, by supporting the coexistence of model-updating and data-offloading, the SemiFL framework enables both centralized and federated learning in a hybrid fashion. Due to the decoding error, we consider the practical case with residual interference. To improve uplink throughput for centralized learning while reducing aggregation distortion for federated learning, we formulate a non-convex optimization problem to jointly optimize the transmit power and receive strategy. Then, we propose an efficient algorithm to solve the challenging problem by using successive convex approximation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our SemiFL framework for heterogeneous networks, and reveal the impact of imperfect signal decoding on communication rates.
Glass Transition of Disentangled and Entangled Polymer Melts: Single-Chain-Nanoparticles Approach (2020)

We study the effect of entanglements on the glass transition of high molecular weight polymers, by the comparison of single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) and equilibrated melts of high-molecular weight polystyrene of identical molecular weight. SCNPs were prepared by electrospraying technique and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. Differential scanning calorimetry, Brillouin light spectroscopy, and rheological experiments around the glass transition were compared. In parallel, entangled and disentangled polymer melts were also compared under cooling from molecular dynamics simulations based on a bead-spring polymer model. While experiments suggest a small decrease in the glass transition temperature of films of nanoparticles in comparison to entangled melts, simulations do not observe any significant difference, despite rather different chain conformations.
A robust FRC pattern design for visual artifacts and its hardware design in flat panel displays (2010)

Frame rate control (FRC) has been applied in monitors and TVs in order to reduce the costs for flat panel display manufacture. As FRC can represent the same gray scale level of an image with a smaller number of bits than that of the input image, it is a widely used technology. However, FRC causes visual artifacts by using the repeatedly predesigned FRC block pattern unit size in display devices. So, this paper analyzes the cause of these visual artifacts. In order to improve these visual artifacts, this paper proposes a pattern arrangement of the FRC unit blocks using, for the first time, a frame rolling method. The use of this pattern arrangement technique in FRC technology eliminates video noise. As it also enables the representation of various gray scales, the representation of gray scale for the image becomes softer and more delicate in flat panel displays.
Design and microfabrication of fluidic device for separation of organelles (2003)

In proteomics and signal transduction studies, the demand to identify the location and amount of proteins poses challenges to subcellular separation and sample preparations. Current technologies involve laborious and time-consuming procedures that require large sample volumes (>10/sup 6/ cells). For protein profiling, the organelle separation needs to be fast, parallel, and automated to match the great number of experiments needed. In this study, we devise a scheme for using isoelectric focusing in micro scale to achieve the isolation of organelles much faster than in conventional methods. The device was modeled and microfabricated, and mitochondria from cultured human epithelial cells were shown to be isolated.
P755Long-term comparative effectiveness of Transfemoral Transcatheter vs Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: Results from the Italian OBSERVANT Study (2017)

did differ, with significantly lower scores in the ES3 group (5.344.6 vs 6. 255.3, p=0.012). No significant baseline differences between the devices within the patients treated per transthoracic approach were found. Paravalvular leakage, defined as the percentage of patients who had moderate or severe PVL on post procedural echocardiography, was significantly lower in the ES3 (6.6% vs. 13.3%, p=0.027), whereas permanent pacemaker implantation rates (PMR) were higher, however insignificant (10.7% vs 7.4% p=0.262) Survival rates in patients treated with either valve via transfemoral approach did not differ significantly (30-day 99.1 vs 97.8%, p=0.25/1-yr 91.3 vs 87.8% p=0.523/2-yr 88.3 vs 79.9%, p=0.417). Survival rates did differ for patients treated with a transthoracic approach, with a higher survival for the ES3-treated patients at 30-day (97.3 vs 87.2% p=0.007), 1-year (93.6% vs 73.3% p<0.0001) and 2year (90.0% vs 65.1% P<0.0001) follow-up.
Biosynthesis of Desosamine:  Construction of a New Macrolide Carrying a Genetically Designed Sugar Moiety (1999)

[formula: see text] The appended sugars in macrolide antibiotics are indispensable to the biological activities of these important drugs. In an effort to generate a set of novel macrolide derivatives, we have created a new analogue of methymycin and neomethymycin, antibiotics produced by Streptomyces venezuelae. This analogue 15 carrying a different sugar, D-quinovose, instead of D-desosamine, was constructed by taking advantage of targeted gene deletion combined with a specific pathway-independent C-3 reduction capability of the wild type S. venezuelae.
A Role for Leptin in the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and in Immune Response, an Update (2006)

Leptin was originally identified as an adipocyte-derived cytokine with a key role in the regulation of the energy balance. Subsequent research revealed that leptin's biological action is not restricted to its effects on appetite and food intake, but instead has a much more pleiotropic character. There is now ample evidence that leptin has important functions in reproduction, hematopoiesis, HPA-axis endocrinology and angiogenesis. In this review we have focused on the effects of leptin in the antigen-specific immunity and in the inflammatory effector system.
Fracture risk assessment: improved evaluation of vertebral integrity among metastatic cancer patients to aid in surgical decision-making (2012)

Failure of the spine's structural integrity from metastatic disease can lead to both pain and neurologic deficit. Fractures that require treatment occur in over 30% of bony metastases. Our objective is to use computed tomography (CT) in conjunction with analytic techniques that have been previously developed to predict fracture risk in cancer patients with metastatic disease to the spine. Current clinical practice for cancer patients with spine metastasis often requires an empirical decision regarding spinal reconstructive surgery. Early image-based software systems used for CT analysis are time consuming and poorly suited for clinical application. The Biomedical Image Resource (BIR) at Mayo Clinic, Rochester has developed an image analysis computer program that calculates from CT scans, the residual load-bearing capacity in a vertebra with metastatic cancer. The Spine Cancer Assessment (SCA) program is built on a platform designed for clinical practice, with a workflow format that allows for rapid selection of patient CT exams, followed by guided image analysis tasks, resulting in a fracture risk report. The analysis features allow the surgeon to quickly isolate a single vertebra and obtain an immediate pre-surgical multiple parallel section composite beam fracture risk analysis based on algorithms developed at Mayo Clinic. The analysis software is undergoing clinical validation studies. We expect this approach will facilitate patient management and utilization of reliable guidelines for selecting among various treatment option based on fracture risk.
Compositionally and density stratified igneous terrain in Jezero crater, Mars (2022)

Before Perseverance, Jezero crater's floor was variably hypothesized to have a lacustrine, lava, volcanic airfall, or aeolian origin. SuperCam observations in the first 286 Mars days on Mars revealed a volcanic and intrusive terrain with compositional and density stratification. The dominant lithology along the traverse is basaltic, with plagioclase enrichment in stratigraphically higher locations. Stratigraphically lower, layered rocks are richer in normative pyroxene. The lowest observed unit has the highest inferred density and is olivine-rich with coarse (1.5 millimeters) euhedral, relatively unweathered grains, suggesting a cumulate origin. This is the first martian cumulate and shows similarities to martian meteorites, which also express olivine disequilibrium. Alteration materials including carbonates, sulfates, perchlorates, hydrated silicates, and iron oxides are pervasive but low in abundance, suggesting relatively brief lacustrine conditions. Orbital observations link the Jezero floor lithology to the broader Nili-Syrtis region, suggesting that density-driven compositional stratification is a regional characteristic.
Cloning of a Putative G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor from Arabidopsis thaliana (1997)

We have cloned and characterized a cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana that most likely encodes a novel member of the vast superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptor proteins (GPCRs). By taking advantage of amino acid sequence similarities between plant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and established G-protein-coupled receptor sequences, a probe was obtained which was used for the screening of an Arabidopsis cDNA library. The cDNA which was found is very infrequently represented in the cDNA library, suggesting a low and/or spatially restricted expression. A region of the translated sequence of the cDNA shows the highest similarity to cAMP receptors from the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. The same region is also similar to that in members of the animal calcitonin family of receptors. Another region of the putative receptor, however, is similar to sequences of serotonin receptors and other receptors of the so-called rhodopsin family of GPCRs. The rhodopsin family has numerous members in higher vertebrate species. Alignments and phylogenetic analyses of the regions of similarity yielded results in accordance with other evolutionary considerations. Our cDNA thus occurred on a distinct major branch in relation to the rest of the rhodopsin family. In relation to the calcitonin family, our cDNA and cAMP receptors occurred together on a distinct major branch but appear to have diverged from each other shortly after their divergence from the rest of the calcitonin family. Other features further argue for a tentative identification of it as a GPCR. It displays seven discrete and strongly predicted transmembrane domains when analyzed in hydropathy plots. The preferred orientation is with the amino terminus towards the outside. It has one Cys residue in extracellular loop 1 and another in extracellular loop 2. Cys residues in these loops are known to form disulfide bridges in many other GPCRs. Finally, it has several fully conserved amino acids that belong to the most conserved in previously known GPCRs, that occur in the above regions of similarity.
Temperature dependence of bend elastic constant in oblique helicoidal\n cholesterics (2020)

Elastic moduli of liquid crystals, known as Frank constants, are of\nquintessential importance for understanding fundamental properties of these\nmaterials and for the design of their applications. Although there are many\nmethods to measure the Frank constants in the nematic phase, little is known\nabout the elastic constants of the chiral version of the nematic, the so-called\ncholesteric liquid crystal, since the helicoidal structure of the cholesteric\nrenders these methods inadequate. Here we present a technique to measure the\nbend modulus $K_{33}$ of cholesterics that is based on the electrically tunable\nreflection of light at an oblique helicoidal $Ch_{OH}$ cholesteric structure.\n$K_{33}$ is typically smaller than 0.6 pN, showing a non-monotonous temperature\ndependence with a slight increase near the transition to the twist-bend phase.\n$K_{33}$ depends strongly on the molecular composition. In particular, chiral\nmixtures that contain the flexible dimer 1'',7''-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl)\nheptane (CB7CB) and rod-like molecules such as pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) show a\n$K_{33}$ value that is 5 times smaller than $K_{33}$ of pure CB7CB or of\nmixtures of CB7CB with chiral dopants. Furthermore, $K_{33}$ in CB11CB doped\nwith a chiral agent is noticeably smaller than $K_{33}$ in a similarly doped\nCB7CB which is explained by the longer flexible link in CB11CB. The proposed\ntechnique allows a direct in-situ determination of how the molecular\ncomposition, molecular structure and molecular chirality affect the elastic\nproperties of chiral liquid crystals.\n
Integrated Dynamic Energy Management for Steel Production (2017)

Abstract The steel industry is an important consumer of electrical energy having a significant impact on the electricity network and accounting to a significant part of production costs. Thus, there is the opportunity of closer cooperation between grid operators and steel industry to improve the power consumption prediction and actively contribute to a secure network operation. This paper aims to describe an overall dynamical approach for electricity demand monitoring and timely reactions to the grid situation, to avoid non flexible equipment disconnection, financial fines when deviating from energy contingent and contributing to the grid stability. Energy management, simulation, decision support procedures and process control tools will be integrated in an agent based system able to predict and manage power consumption.
Increasing the dose intensity of chemotherapy by more frequent administration or sequential scheduling: a patient-level meta-analysis of 37 298 women with early breast cancer in 26 randomised trials (2019)

Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council.
<title>Modeling the optical response of grating-profiled PtSi/Si infrared detectors</title> (1997)

Modeling the optical response of grating profiled PtSi/Si structures is examined to demonstrate the potential of microstructuring in optimizing the absorption of infrared detectors. Coupling to angularly broad surface plasmon polariton resonances near normal incidence is, in fact, achieved at both Si/PtSi and SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/PtSi interfaces for the same grating parameters in the wavelength ranges 3.0 - 4.4 micrometer and 1.3 - 1.9 micrometer respectively. These ranges correspond to two infrared, atmospheric transmission windows, and demonstrate the potential for a single device geometry to operate optimally in two different spectral bands. It is also shown that, throughout these spectral bands, it is possible to attain reflectance significantly lower than that of the planar structure counterparts in the angle range 0 degrees to plus or minus 20 degrees (corresponding to the use of F1.4 optics), along with containment of low reflectance to that angle range. Absorption mediated by the PtSi/Si surface plasmon polariton mode may be of particular interest in these Schottky barrier structures, since there would be considerable enhancement in the generation of hot carriers in the near barrier region where they have a better chance of direct or indirect (via elastic scattering) promotion over the barrier to give rise to a detectable charge.
Characterization of Lift Off Resist during Thermal Compression Wafer Bonding Based on Polydimethylglutarimide (PMGI) (2015)

With the emergence of various 3-D integration techniques, wafer bonding technology has experienced renewed interest. Decades of relentless device scaling leading to today’s state-of-the-art nanotechnology have ultimately focused on the third dimension for stacking of device layers. Temporary bonding is also of interest for the integration of dissimilar materials in device structures, which cannot be achieved by epitaxial growth techniques alone when the lattice mismatch between the dissimilar materials is too large. Recently lift-off resists (LOR) based on polydimethylglutarimide (PMGI) have been found to be especially suitable for film exfoliation and layer transfer of 2D materials by temporary bonding [1]. For the experimental preparation the 2-inch diameter Si wafers were cleaned with Standard Clean 1 (H 2 O:NH 4 OH:H 2 O 2 =5:1:1) before spin coating the Si wafers with polydimethylglutarimide LOR resist at an optimized spin speed of 2000 rpm. This was followed by a pre-bake process at 160ºC for 5 min in order to evaporate the cyclopentanone solvent with a boiling point of 131ºC. In the last process step two LOR coated Si wafers were bonded face to face via the LOR resist in an EVG®501 Wafer Bonding Systemin a vacuum of 10 -3 Pa and at a temperature of 250ºC. The EVG®501 Wafer Bonding Systemis capable of thermo-compression bonding with up to 10 kN force. In this study we report on Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) which is widely applied on thermoplastic polymeric materials in order to elucidate chemical phenomena such as decomposition and mass loss, which also occur during thermal compression bonding of Silicon wafer pairs coated with spin-on LOR resist. From TGA data (Figure 1), the LOR precursor solution lost 93% of its original mass starting at 100˚C because of solvent vaporization. The LOR resist exhibits a glass transition point (T g ) of 180-190 ºC, which aids the wafer bonding process at 250ºC by rendering the resist softer and initiating viscous flow for surface planarization. The final 7% of resist mass was lost started at around 281˚C due to thermal decomposition of PMGI. The functional groups of polydimethylglutarimide based Lift Off Resist (LOR) layers were studied before wafer bonding and after wafer compression bonding by attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy (Figure 2). All functional groups before and after bonding via the LOR layers at 250 ºC were identical, except for the disappearance of the two bands at 3188 and 3088 cm -1 after thermal compression bonding. The disappearance of these two bands, which are associated with the N–H group, is interpreted as a result of cross linking of polymers. This cross linking of polymer chains is the chemical process that enables the actual wafer bonding across the two joined polydimethylglutarimide resist interfaces. References: [1] T. Matsumae, A. D. Koehler, D. Greenlee, T. J. Anderson, H. Baumgart, G. G. Jernigan, K. D. Hobart and F. J. Kub, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology , 4 (7) P1-P5 (2015). Figure 1