gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear Stochastic Modeling and Control of Diluted Combustion for SI Engines (2018)

The combustion process in spark-ignition (SI) engines exhibits cycle-to-cycle variability, which imposes limits on engine operation. When exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used to increase engine efficiency, the combustion variability (CV) increases and spark advance (SA) must be re-tuned to achieve maximum brake torque. In order to maximize EGR benefits without excessive cyclic CV, feedback control can be applied to modify EGR and SA accordingly. This paper presents a control-oriented combustion model that captures the stochastic properties of combustion features. A linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is used to modify SA and EGR to achieve a particular combustion shape, characterized by the initiation and duration angles. Using stochastic control theory for linear Gaussian systems, analytical solutions for the cyclic variability of the combustion process and the control commands under closed-loop operation are derived. This methodology is validated against experimental engine data and results at transient and steady state operation are presented.
Polyphenylene ether based thin-film nonlinear optical materials having high chromophore densities and alignment stability (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyphenylene ether based thin-film nonlinear optical materials having high chromophore densities and alignment stabilityDao Rong Dai, Tobin J. Marks, Jian Yang, Paul M. Lundquist, and George K. WongCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 6, 1891–1894Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00208a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00208a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of interface wave propagation along planar fractures in sedimentary rocks (2026)

We have measured ultrasonic Rayleigh and interface waves along laboratory induced planar fractures on Anstrude limestone under dry conditions. Comparing measurements of the Rayleigh wave along rough and smooth surfaces we observe that the effect of the roughness on the surface wave propagation is to induce attenuation and velocity dispersion. The attenuation increases linearly with frequency; the phase velocity goes through a maximum at 240 kHz. We put forward a physical model describing the effect of the roughness in terms of an increase in the effective length of propagation. This model predicts a frequency dependence of an order that scales with the magnitude of the roughness. We have also compared measurements of the interface wave with measurements of the Rayleigh wave, along a single rough surface, to observe the effect of stress on the interface wave propagation. Within the range from 0 to 10 MPa, the interface wave velocity and its amplitude increased with the applied stress.
Differential coupling of CC chemokine receptors to multiple heterotrimeric G proteins in human interleukin-2-activated natural killer cells (1996)

Using two different approaches, we have investigated the types of G proteins coupled to CC chemokine receptors. First, permeabilization of interleukin-2-activated natural killer (IANK) cells with streptolysin-O and introduction of anti-G protein antibodies inside these cells resulted in the following. (1) Anti-G(s), anti-G(o), and anti-G(z) inhibited the migration of IANK cells in response to macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), or regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). (2) Anti-Gi inhibited their migration in response to MCP-1 or RANTES but not in response to MIP-1 alpha. Second, incubation of IANK cell membranes with anti-G protein antibodies before incubating with (gamma-35S) GTP or (gamma-32P) GTP, resulted in the following. (1) Anti-G(s), anti-G(o), or anti-G(z) inhibited GTP binding and GTPase activity in the presence of MIP-1 alpha, or RANTES. (2) Anti-G(i) inhibited GTP binding and GTPase activity in the presence of MCP-1 or RANTES but not in the presence of MIP-1 alpha. The inhibitory effect of anti-G protein antibodies was reversed upon incubating these antibodies with their respective synthetic peptides before addition to IANK cell membranes. These results suggest that MCP-1 and RANTES receptors are promiscuously coupled to multiple G proteins in IANK cell membranes and that this coupling is different from MIP-1 alpha receptors, which seem to be coupled to G(s), G(o), and G(z) but not to G(i).
Internal Energy of Thermometer Ions Formed by Femtosecond Laser Desorption: Implications for Mass Spectrometric Imaging (2014)

Mass spectrometry (MS) imaging of biological samples would greatly benefit from improved lateral resolution and depth profiling which may be possible with femtosecond (fs), near-IR laser desorption microprobes to form ions directly in laser desorption ionization (fs-LDI) or via vacuum ultraviolet postionization (fs-LDPI). The use of fs-LDI-MS or fs-LDPI-MS for imaging, however, requires a determination of the magnitude of internal energy imparted by the ultrashort desorption pulse because the amount of internal energy determines the extent of ion fragmentation, and extensive fragmentation degrades MS imaging by complicating the mass spectra. This paper estimates internal energies imparted to 4-chlorobenzylpyridinium (CBP) thermometer ions desorbed from both simulated bacterial biofilms and bovine eye lens tissue samples by ∼75 fs, 800 nm laser pulses. Both direct ions and photoions formed by 10.5 eV single photon ionization of desorbed neutrals are analyzed by time-of-flight MS. Survival yields (SYs) of CBP varied from 0.2 to 0.8 and depended upon desorption laser fluence, overlap between desorption laser pulses, and whether direct ions or photoions were detected. SYs for photoions additionally depended on time delay between desorption and photoionization laser pulses, with the highest SYs seen at longer delay times. CBP internal energies were estimated using previously published computational results and compared with those from several other common MS imaging ion sources. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for MS imaging by fs-LDI and fs-LDPI.
Superconducting Properties and Phase Diagram of Indirectly Electron-Doped $(\hbox{Sr}_{1 - x}\hbox{La}_{x})\hbox{Fe}_{2}\hbox{As}_{2}$ Epitaxial Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition (2013)

A nonequilibrium phase (Sr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> La <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> )Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> was formed by epitaxial film-growth. The resulting films emerged superconductivity along with suppression of the resistivity anomaly, which is associated with magnetic and structural phase transitions. The maximum critical temperature was 20.8 K, which is almost the same as that of directly electron-doped Sr(Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Its electronic phase diagram is much similar to that of Sr( Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , indicating that the difference in the electron doping sites does not influence the superconducting properties of 122-type SrFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> .
The effects of poly-SiGe on sensing properties for ultra-low-power CMOS-embedded MEMS sensors (2017)

To compare Si and poly-SiGe as MEMS structural materials having 20 pm-thick, we fabricated a capacitive accelerometer on an 8-inch Si substrate using CMOS standard process and measured capacitance sensitivities of an identical sensor design. As a result, we found that the sensitivity of the SiGe sensor is 2.1 times larger than that of the Si sensor. We also confirmed that the SiGe sensor can attain lower noise level as well as lower power consumption, thanks to the higher mass density of SiGe and availability of CMOS-embedded SiGe MEMS structure. The results indicate that the poly-SiGe film is promising candidates for future CMOS-embedded sensor technology applications.
Restricted Clustered Neural Network for Storing Real Data (2015)

Associative memories are an alternative to classical indexed memories that are capable of retrieving a message previously stored when an incomplete version of this message is presented. Recently a new model of associative memory based on binary neurons and binary links has been proposed. This model named Clustered Neural Network (CNN) offers large storage diversity (number of messages stored) and fast message retrieval when implemented in hardware. The performance of this model drops when the stored message distribution is non-uniform. In this paper, we enhance the CNN model to support non-uniform message distribution by adding features of Restricted Boltzmann Machines. In addition, we present a fully parallel hardware design of the model. The proposed implementation multiplies the performance (diversity) of Clustered Neural Networks by a factor of 3 with an increase of complexity of 40%.
Effect of Testing Temperature on SSC Properties of Low Alloy Steel (2006)

Abstract Effects of test variables (testing temperature, solution type and specific solution volume) on KISSC values of low alloy steel were investigated by DCB tests. The decrease in testing temperature decreased the measured KISSC values due to the increase in absorbed-hydrogen contents into the DCB specimens. It is considered that the degree of hydrogen accumulation at crack tip areas in DCB specimens could be higher at low temperature than that at higher temperature. The scatter of KISSC values in conventional NACE solution A was large, although that in solution B was smaller, due to a difference in stability of solution pH. The increase in specific solution volume to test specimen surface area slightly decreased KISSC values due to an increase in the corrosion rate.
Software Critical Memory: All Memory is Not Created Equal (2006)

Current hardware memory models treat all data in an address space as functionally equivalent, even though we know that in practice some data is far more important than others. In this paper we introduce Software Critical Memory (SCM), a simple modification to the current flat memory model that recognizes certain data are critical to correct program execution. We introduce the concept of critical memory, created by an operation to map an address range as critical. We add two new memory operations to the current model: verified load and verified store. These are the only operations allowed to consistently read and modify critical memory i.e. no other program store can modify the contents of critical memory with respect to subsequent verified loads. While we focus on software implementations of critical memory, hardware implementations may also be possible. SCM is a general model with a number of important uses. In this paper, we consider using SCM to provide strong atomicity semantics to a software transactional memory implementation that originally supports only weak atomicity. We show that SCM can be implemented with low overhead and the resulting program is more resilient to atomicity violations by errant threads.
Dispersively probed microwave spectroscopy of a silicon hole double quantum dot (2020)

Owing to ever increasing gate fidelities and to a potential transferability to industrial CMOS technology, silicon spin qubits have become a compelling option in the strive for quantum computation. In a scalable architecture, each spin qubit will have to be finely tuned and its operating conditions accurately determined. In this prospect, spectroscopic tools compatible with a scalable device layout are of primary importance. Here we report a two-tone spectroscopy technique providing access to the spin-dependent energy-level spectrum of a hole double quantum dot defined in a split-gate silicon device. A first GHz-frequency tone drives electric-dipole spin resonance enabled by the valence-band spin-orbit coupling. A second lower-frequency tone (approximately 500 MHz) allows for dispersive readout via rf-gate reflectometry. We compare the measured dispersive response to the linear response calculated in an extended Jaynes-Cummings model and we obtain characteristic parameters such as g-factors and tunnel/spin-orbit couplings for both even and odd occupation.
1P1-B02 Theoretical Modeling of Electro-conjugate Fluid Flow and Confirmatory Experiments : Observation of Sumoto Effect and Flow Visualization (2010)

An electro-conjugate fluid (ECF) is a kind of dielectric fluid which produces a powerful flow (ECF jet) when subjected to high DC voltage. The ECF jet is a promising micro fluid power source for actuators and sensors including micro motors, liquid rate gyroscope etc. However, these applications are developed upon trials and errors because the theory of the ECF flow has yet to be fully established. In this study we introduce the Coulomb force to develop an ECF flow model. Then we hypothesize that the Coulomb force is occurred by two causes; an inherent dominant charge depending on each fluid and a charge injected from a sharp electrode. The hypotheses are proved by the experimental results in this study.
Galaxies and far-infrared emission (1980)

The far-infrared luminosities of the central few hundred parsecs of many galaxies may exceed by more than an order of magnitude the amount expected from late-type stars. However, for the M82, NGC 253, NGC 1068 and several other galaxies studied in the present paper, the inferred mass-to-luminosity ratios are within the limits expected for stellar distributions containing early-type stars.
Tracheopathia Osteoplastica (1995)

Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Reconversion of Higher-Order-Mode (HOM) Output from a Cladding-Pumped Hybrid Yb:HOM Amplifier (2018)

We demonstrate reconversion of HOM output from an Yb:HOM amplifier to Gaussian- shaped beam by use of axicon based re-converter. Clean Gaussian-like beam was achieved with ~67% efficiency, close to theoretical value.
57‐1: Invited Paper: AirTouch System: Hand Skeleton Modelling for Augmented HMI Interactions (2019)

This paper presents a high‐performance capacitive touch system enhanced by a 3D vision‐based engine, the "AirTouch". The system is based on multiple 3D cameras that analyze the 50 cm near‐field volume above the screen surface. A real‐time 50 Hz 3D reconstruction engine with millimetric precision enables the sensing and tracking of several users and multiple hands or objects. The system identifies a preliminary set of hand poses: open palm, closed fist and pointing. For the pointing pose, the pointing target is estimated. It also determines the hand location, angle and movement of the fingers through advanced algorithms. The system aims to characterize the skeleton key elements including joints and segments of the hand, and reconstruct its mechanical properties (movement restrictions, angle correlations, etc.).
Bone Microenvironment Specific Roles of ITAM Adapter Signaling during Bone Remodeling Induced by Acute Estrogen-Deficiency (2007)

Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling mediated by DAP12 or Fcepsilon receptor Igamma chain (FcRgamma) have been shown to be critical for osteoclast differentiation and maturation under normal physiological conditions. Their function in pathological conditions is unknown. We studied the role of ITAM signaling during rapid bone remodeling induced by acute estrogen-deficiency in wild-type (WT), DAP12-deficient (DAP12-/-), FcRgamma-deficient (FcRgamma-/-) and double-deficient (DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/-) mice. Six weeks after ovariectomy (OVX), DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice showed resistance to lumbar vertebral body (LVB) trabecular bone loss, while WT, DAP12-/- and FcRgamma-/- mice had significant LVB bone loss. In contrast, all ITAM adapter-deficient mice responded to OVX with bone loss in both femur and tibia of approximately 40%, relative to basal bone volumes. Only WT mice developed significant cortical bone loss after OVX. In vitro studies showed microenvironmental changes induced by OVX are indispensable for enhanced osteoclast formation and function. Cytokine changes, including TGFbeta and TNFalpha, were able to induce osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL in BMMs from WT but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice. FSH stimulated RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in WT, but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRgamma-/- mice. Our study demonstrates that although ITAM adapter signaling is critical for normal bone remodeling, estrogen-deficiency induces an ITAM adapter-independent bypass mechanism allowing for enhanced osteoclastogenesis and activation in specific bony microenvironments.
Grain Boundary Engineering of High-Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Aberrant Production and Regulation of Proopiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides in Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome (1988)

A 64 year old woman with a pancreatic islet cell tumor developed Cushing's syndrome. Glucocorticoid secretion did not decrease after low or high dose dexamethasone administration, and the Cushing's syndrome was cured by removal of tumor tissue. Immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassays revealed the presence of immunoreactive ACTH, beta-endorphin and alpha-MSH in the tumor cells. Gel-permeation chromatography confirmed that beta-endorphin was the predominant opioid peptide produced by the tumor. The tumor was shown to contain a single 1.2 kilobase RNA species which hybridized to a 32P human POMC-cDNA; this POMC RNA was identical in size to that isolated from a normal human pituitary. In dispersed monolayer culture, CRF failed to elicit ACTH release from the tumor cells, but dexamethasone caused a paradoxical increase in ACTH secretion in vitro. This study demonstrates that aberrant regulation of POMC synthesis and peptide processing can be seen in tumors which synthesize a POMC RNA identical in size to that made in the pituitary gland.
Attribute-based Key Exchange with General Policies. (2016)

Attribute-based methods provide authorization to parties based on whether their set of attributes (e.g., age, organization, etc.) fulfills a policy. In attribute-based encryption (ABE), authorized parties can decrypt, and in attribute-based credentials (ABCs), authorized parties can authenticate themselves. In this paper, we combine elements of ABE and ABCs together with garbled circuits to construct attribute-based key exchange (ABKE). Our focus is on an interactive solution involving a client that holds a certificate (issued by an authority) vouching for that client's attributes and a server that holds a policy computable on such a set of attributes. The goal is for the server to establish a shared key with the client but only if the client's certified attributes satisfy the policy. Our solution enjoys strong privacy guarantees for both the client and the server, including attribute privacy and unlinkability of client sessions. Our main contribution is a construction of ABKE for arbitrary circuits with high (concrete) efficiency. Specifically, we support general policies expressible as boolean circuits computed on a set of attributes. Even for policies containing hundreds of thousands of gates the performance cost is dominated by two pairing computations per policy input. Put another way, for a similar cost to prior ABE/ABC solutions, which can only support small formulas efficiently, we can support vastly richer policies. We implemented our solution and report on its performance. For policies with 100,000 gates and 200 inputs over a realistic network, the server and client spend 957 ms and 176 ms on computation, respectively. When using offline preprocessing and batch signature verification, this drops to only 243 ms and 97 ms.
Age-related Differences in Dystrophin: Impact on Force Transfer Proteins, Membrane Integrity, and Neuromuscular Junction Stability (2016)

The loss of muscle strength with age has been studied from the perspective of a decline in muscle mass and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) stability. A third potential factor is force transmission. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the force transfer apparatus within aging muscle and the impact on membrane integrity and NMJ stability. We measured an age-related loss of dystrophin protein that was greatest in the flexor muscles. The loss of dystrophin protein occurred despite a twofold increase in dystrophin mRNA. Importantly, this disparity could be explained by the four- to fivefold upregulation of the dystromir miR-31. To compensate for the loss of dystrophin protein, aged muscle contained increased α-sarcoglycan, syntrophin, sarcospan, laminin, β1-integrin, desmuslin, and the Z-line proteins α-actinin and desmin. In spite of the adaptive increase in other force transfer proteins, over the 48 hours following lengthening contractions, the old muscles showed more signs of impaired membrane integrity (fourfold increase in immunoglobulin G-positive fibers and 70% greater dysferlin mRNA) and NMJ instability (14- to 96-fold increases in Runx1, AchRδ, and myogenin mRNA). Overall, these data suggest that age-dependent alterations in dystrophin leave the muscle membrane and NMJ more susceptible to contraction-induced damage even before changes in muscle mass are obvious.