gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Socio-Emotional Robot with Distributed Multi-Platform Neuromorphic Processing : (Invited Presentation) (2019)

Social robotics is a highly useful field that is rapidly growing. Advances in embedded systems and fields like neuromorphic computing provide hardware solutions for the computationally complex models needed to produce realistic, pro-social socio-emotional robots. This work details a robot which executes a simplified amygdala model to determine an emotional state from visual input and a subsequent behavioral response. Each nuclei of this model is processed on a different neuromorphic platform, including the SpiNNaker, Loihi, and Braindrop chips. Although simplified, this robot and its underlying model illustrate a proof of concept for more complicated and biologically-plausible socio-emotional robots.
Synthesis of a New Class of Highly Functionalised Benzamides by Threefold Sequential Nucleophilic Substitution at a Resin-Bound Polyelectrophile (2001)

We have developed a solid-phase synthesis of a new class of highly substituted and functionalised benzamides. This synthesis is based on the sequential introduction of three different nucleophiles at a resin-bound 4,5-difluoro-2-nitrobenzamide. After displacement of one fluorine atom by a thiol and oxidation to a sulfone, the remaining fluorine atom and the nitro group could be substituted sequentially by two different, aliphatic amines. In each of the three nucleophilic substitutions it was possible to use unprotected functionalised nucleophiles, giving fast and easy access to libraries of small organic molecules featuring polar functional groups such as hydroxy, amino, and ester groups and various heterocycles.
Coherent color flow imaging: Velocity estimation using coherent signals (2017)

We present a modification to time-delay and phase-shift estimators used in ultrasound imaging methods. In this modification, we selectively eliminate covariance terms from the estimator corresponding to channel signal pairs that have low coherence. We demonstrate this modification in simulation and phantom experiments in the application of color flow imaging. We demonstrate this technique in application to color flow imaging in simulations and a tissue-mimicking phantom. In these experiments, we show that elimination of the low coherence terms reduces velocity estimation jitter (standard deviation of the error).
Calibration of fluorescence imaging for tumor surgical margin delineation: multistep registration of fluorescence and histological images (2019)

Although a greater extent of tumor resection is important for patients' survival, complete tumor removal, especially tumor margins, remains challenging due to the lack of sensitivity and specificity of current surgical guidance techniques at the margins. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging with targeted fluorophores is promising for tumor margin delineation. To verify the tumor margins detected by the fluorescence images, it is necessary to register fluorescence with histological images, which provide the ground truth for tumor regions. However, current registration methods compare fluorescence images to a single-layer histological slide, which is selected subjectively and represents a single plane of the three-dimensional tumor. A multistep pipeline is established to correlate fluorescence images to stacked histological images, including fluorescence calibration and multistep registration. Multiple histological slices are integrated as a two-dimensional (2-D) tumor map using optical attenuation model and average intensity projection. A BLZ-100-labeled medulloblastoma mouse model is used to test the whole framework. On average, the synthesized 2-D tumor map outperforms the selected best slide as ground truth [Dice similarity coefficient (DSC): 0.582 versus 0.398, with significant differences; mean area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve: 88% versus 85.5%] and the randomly selected slide as ground truth (DSC: 0.582 versus 0.396 with significant differences; mean AUC: 88% versus 84.1% with significant differences), which indicates our pipeline is reliable and can be applied to investigate targeted fluorescence probes in tumor margin detection. Following this proposed pipeline, BLZ-100 shows enhancement in both tumor cores and tumor margins (mean target-to-background ratio: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>8.64</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5.76</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4.82</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.79</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> , respectively).
Loss of Heterozygosity on Chromosome 11q13 in Microdissected Human Male Breast Carcinomas (1995)

Journal Article Loss of Heterozygosity on Chromosome 11q13 in Microdissected Human Male Breast Carcinomas Get access Julian Sanz-Ortega, Julian Sanz-Ortega Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rodrigo Chuaqui, Rodrigo Chuaqui Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Zhengping Zhuang, Zhengping Zhuang Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mark E. Sobel, Mark E. Sobel Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julian Sanz-Esponera, Julian Sanz-Esponera Hospital Universitario “San Carlos, ”Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lance A. Liotta, Lance A. Liotta Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael R. Emmert-Buck, Michael R. Emmert-Buck Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maria J. Merino Maria J. Merino * Department of Surgical Pathology, Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis, and Centers, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Correspondence to : Maria J. Merino, M.D., National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 2N212, Bethesda, MD 20892 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 18, 20 September 1995, Pages 1408–1410, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.18.1408 Published: 20 September 1995 Article history Received: 06 February 1995 Revision received: 11 July 1995 Accepted: 18 July 1995 Published: 20 September 1995
Near-Field-Focusing Integrated Optical Phased Arrays (2018)

Integrated optical phased arrays that focus radiated light to a tightly-confined spot in the near field are demonstrated for the first time. The element phase distributions necessary for generating and steering focused beams using phased arrays are developed. Discussion and simulations detailing the effects of the array aperture and focal length on the focal spot are included. Two focusing phased array architectures are presented: (1) a one-dimensional splitter-tree-based architecture with novel focusing antennas and inline phase bumps and (2) a two-dimensional large-scale pixel-based architecture. Both architectures are used to experimentally demonstrate a variety of aperture size and focal length passive focusing arrays in a CMOS-compatible platform, including (i) a 512-antenna splitter-tree-based array with a wavelength-steerable 7 μm spot at a 5 mm focal length, (ii) a 1024-antenna pixel-based array with a 21 μm spot at a 5 mm focal length, and (iii) a 10,000-antenna pixel-based array with a 21 μm spot at a 10 mm focal length. The demonstrated focusing phased arrays present a new functional modality compared to standard optical phased arrays that generate diffracting beams in the far field of the array. This new focusing modality has the potential to advance a number of important application areas at the cutting edge of lightwave technology, as it will enable future integrated optical phased array implementations for a wide range of applications that require focusing operation. Such areas include optical trapping for biological characterization, laser-based three-dimensional printing, short-range light detection and ranging, and short-range optical data communications.
Luminescence of Sn2+ Center in ZnO–B2O3 Glasses Melted in Air and Ar Conditions (2015)

Abstract The authors report on luminescence of SnO-doped 60ZnO–40B2O3 (SZB) glasses melted in air and Ar atmosphere. In photoluminescence (PL), excitation spectra consist of two excitation bands, and the lower excitation band, emerging at lower energy with increasing amount of SnO, affects the optical absorption edge. The present SZB glasses can exhibit light emission by irradiation of near UV light, which is different from the zinc phosphate glass system. X-ray induced scintillation spectra indicate that concentration of Sn2+ mainly affects the intensity. 119Sn Mössbauer spectra show that a certain amount of Sn2+ centers in the SZB glass was oxidized to Sn4+ even when melted under the inert atmosphere, which is one of the reasons for the low PL quantum efficiencies, approximately 60%. The 119Sn Mössbauer spectra also suggest site dispersion of Sn2+ centers, whose local coordination states affect the optical absorption and luminescent properties.
KrishiPustak (2015)

Affordable mobile handsets and easier access to mobile internet has popularized the usage of existing social networking systems (SNSes) in the developing world. Most of these (E.g. Facebook, Twitter etc.) are text-heavy and do not work well for low-literate populations in resource constrained settings. We designed and deployed KrishiPustak, an audio-visual SN mobile application for low-literate farming populations in rural India. KrishiPustak has a text-free design, with all functionality represented by graphical icons. To support poor internet connectivity it also works in an offline mode. In this demo paper we discuss the motivations behind KrishiPustak, the design decisions we took and the development of the actual application. This demo is an abbreviated companion for a separate CSCW paper published in this conference[4].
The incidence of p53 mutations increases with progression of head and neck cancer. (1993)

To establish a genetic model of the progression of head and neck squamous carcinoma we have defined the incidence and timing of p53 mutations in this type of cancer. We sequenced the conserved regions of the p53 gene in 102 head and neck squamous carcinoma lesions. These included 65 primary invasive carcinomas and 37 noninvasive archival specimens consisting of 13 severe dysplasias and 24 carcinoma in situ lesions. The incidence of p53 mutations in noninvasive lesions was 19% (7/37) and increased to 43% (28/65) in invasive carcinomas. These data suggest that p53 mutations can precede invasion in primary head and neck cancer. Furthermore, the spectrum of codon hotspots is similar to that seen in squamous carcinoma of the lung and 64% of mutations are at G nucleotides, implicating carcinogens from tobacco smoke in the etiology of head and neck squamous carcinoma.
Carbocyclic Amino Ketones by Bredt's Rule‐Arrested Kulinkovich–de Meijere Reaction (2016)

The Ti(II) -mediated formation of cyclopropylamines from alkenes and amides, the Kulinkovich-de Meijere reaction, involves two carbon-carbon bond-forming steps. Strategic use of a tricyclic intermediate can arrest the process if the second step requires formation of a bridgehead double bond. Use of this Bredt's rule constraint results in the production of carbocyclic amino ketones, key alkaloid building blocks.
Effectiveness of One-Stop Screening for Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancers: A Population-Based Feasibility Study (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04034953.
Making data prefetch smarter (2012)

Hardware data prefetch engines are integral parts of many general purpose server-class microprocessors in the field today. Some prefetch engines allow the user to change some of their parameters. The prefetcher, however, is usually enabled in a default configuration during system bring-up and dynamic reconfiguration of the prefetch engine is not an autonomic feature of current machines. Conceptually, however, it is easy to infer that commonly used prefetch algorithms, when applied in a fixed mode will not help performance in many cases. In fact, they may actually degrade performance due to useless bus bandwidth consumption and cache pollution. In this paper, we present an adaptive prefetch scheme that dynamically modifies the prefetch settings in order to adapt to the workload requirements. We implement and evaluate adaptive prefetching in the context of an existing, commercial processor, namely the IBM POWER7. Our adaptive prefetch mechanism improves performance with respect to the default prefetch setting up to 2.7X and 30% for single-threaded and multiprogrammed workloads, respectively.
Trajectory-Oriented and Fault-Tolerant-Based Intelligent Process Control for Flexible CIGS PV Module Manufacturing; Final Technical Report, 13 May 2002--30 May 2005 (2005)

ITN Energy Systems, Inc., and Global Solar Energy, Inc., assisted by NREL's PV Manufacturing R&D program, have continued to advance CIGS production technology by developing trajectory-oriented predictive/control models, fault-tolerance control, control platform development, in-situ sensors, and process improvements. Modeling activities included developing physics-based and empirical models for CIGS and sputter-deposition processing, implementing model-based control, and applying predictive models to the construction of new evaporation sources and for control. Model-based control is enabled by implementing reduced or empirical models into a control platform. Reliability improvement activities include implementing preventive maintenance schedules; detecting failed sensors/equipment and reconfiguring to tinue processing; and systematic development of fault prevention and reconfiguration strategies for the full range of CIGS PV production deposition processes. In-situ sensor development activities have resulted in improved control and indicated the potential for enhanced process status monitoring and control of the deposition processes. Substantial process improvements have been made, including significant improvement in CIGS uniformity, thickness control, efficiency, yield, and throughput. In large measure, these gains have been driven by process optimization, which in turn have been enabled by control and reliability improvements due to this PV Manufacturing R&D program.
LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (2019)

This chapter describes the construction of the bulk Hamiltonian for two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TI), as the forms the foundation for the understanding of the 3D TI and allows one to extrapolate to the construction of more complicated Hamiltonians containing additional symmetries. It focuses on the salient features associated with 2D TIs, including the formation of the metallic spin-polarized edge states and their topological protection. The chapter discusses some of the progress that has been achieved in the field of topological superconductivity within TIs, so as to realize the necessary components for topological quantum information processing. Subsequent to the work on TIs in both 2D and three-dimensional, the notion of topological protection was then extended to encompass topological phases of matter that are protected by symmetries beyond time-reversal. The helical edge states of 2D TIs are protected against elastic and time-reversal symmetry protecting single-particle perturbations.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitors of Acyl‐CoA:Cholesterol O‐Acyltransferase (ACAT) as Hypocholesterolemic Agents: Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships of Novel Series of Sulfonamides, Acylphosphonamides and Acylphosphoramidates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low Accuracy of the HeartMate Risk Score for Predicting Mortality Using the INTERMACS Registry Data (2016)

Selection is a key determinant of clinical outcomes after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement in patients with end-stage heart failure. The HeartMate II risk score (HMRS) has been proposed to facilitate risk stratification and patient selection for continuous flow pumps. This study retrospectively assessed the performance of HMRS in predicting 90 day and 1 year mortality in patients within the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS). A total of 11,523 INTERMACS patients who received a continuous flow LVAD between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively categorized per their calculated HMRS to predict their 90 day and 1 year risk of mortality. The performance of the score was evaluated by the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic. We also performed multiple regression analysis using variables from the HMRS calculation on the INTERMACS data. The HMRS model showed moderate discrimination for both 90 day and 1 year mortality prediction with AUCs of 61% and 59%, respectively. The predictions had similar accuracy irrespective of whether the pump was axial or centrifugal flow. Multivariable analysis using independent variables used in the original HMRS analysis revealed different set of variables to be predictive of 90 day mortality than those used to calculate HMRS. HMRS predicts both 90 day and 1 year mortality with poor discrimination when applied to a large cohort of LVAD patients. Newer risk prediction models are therefore needed to optimize the therapeutic application of LVAD therapy. Patient selection for appropriate use of LVADs is critical. Currently available risk stratification tools (HMRS) continue to be limited in their ability to accurately predict mortality after LVAD. This study highlights these limitations when applied to a large, comprehensive, multicenter database. HMRS predicts mortality with only modest discrimination when applied to a large cohort of LVAD patients. Better risk stratification tools are needed to optimize outcomes.
Biocatalytic Hybrid Nanoparticles for Degassing and Stabilization of Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization in Pickering emulsions (2020)

Abstract Synthetic polymers are indispensable in many different applications, but there is a growing need for green processes and natural surfactants for emulsion polymerization. The use of solid particles to stabilize Pickering emulsions is a particularly attractive avenue, but oxygen sensitivity has remained a formidable challenge in controlled polymerization reactions. Here we show that lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) coated with chitosan and glucose oxidase (GOx) enable efficient stabilization of Pickering emulsion and in situ enzymatic degassing of single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) without extraneous hydrogen peroxide scavengers. The resulting latex dispersions can be purified by aqueous extraction or used to obtain polymer nanocomposites containing uniformly dispersed LNPs. The polymers exhibit high chain-end fidelity that allows for production of a series of well-defined block copolymers as a viable route to more complex architectures.
On-die CMOS voltage droop detection and dynamiccompensation (2008)

This paper describes an on-die di/dt voltage droop compensation scheme for use in high current, low voltage, VLSI circuits using current injection. The circuit was designed and simulated with SPICE. The circuit is able to source up to 150mA of current into a drooping node, has a bandwidth of 20MHz, and is able to lessen voltage droop magnitude. Since there is delay between the droop event and the current provided by this circuit, a predictive current injection scheme is proposed and some simulation and analysis of this method is performed.
Evolution of influenza A virus nucleoprotein genes: implications for the origins of H1N1 human and classical swine viruses (1991)

A phylogenetic analysis of 52 published and 37 new nucleoprotein (NP) gene sequences addressed the evolution and origin of human and swine influenza A viruses. H1N1 human and classical swine viruses (i.e., those related to Swine/Iowa/15/30) share a single common ancestor, which was estimated to have occurred in 1912 to 1913. From this common ancestor, human and classical swine virus NP genes have evolved at similar rates that are higher than in avian virus NP genes (3.31 to 3.41 versus 1.90 nucleotide changes per year). At the protein level, human virus NPs have evolved twice as fast as classical swine virus NPs (0.66 versus 0.34 amino acid change per year). Despite evidence of frequent interspecies transmission of human and classical swine viruses, our analysis indicates that these viruses have evolved independently since well before the first isolates in the early 1930s. Although our analysis cannot reveal the original host, the ancestor virus was avianlike, showing only five amino acid differences from the root of the avian virus NP lineage. The common pattern of relationship and origin for the NP and other genes of H1N1 human and classical swine viruses suggests that the common ancestor was an avian virus and not a reassortant derived from previous human or swine influenza A viruses. The new avianlike H1N1 swine viruses in Europe may provide a model for the evolution of newly introduced avian viruses into the swine host reservoir. The NPs of these viruses are evolving more rapidly than those of human or classical swine viruses (4.50 nucleotide changes and 0.74 amino acid change per year), and when these rates are applied to pre-1930s human and classical swine virus NPs, the predicted date of a common ancestor is 1918 rather than 1912 to 1913. Thus, our NP phylogeny is consistent with historical records and the proposal that a short time before 1918, a new H1N1 avianlike virus entered human or swine hosts (O. T. Gorman, R. O. Donis, Y. Kawaoka, and R. G. Webster, J. Virol. 64:4893-4902, 1990). This virus provided the ancestors of all known human influenza A virus genes, except for HA, NA, and PB1, which have since been reassorted from avian viruses. We propose that during 1918 a virulent strain of this new avianlike virus caused a severe human influenza pandemic and that the pandemic virus was introduced into North American swine populations, constituting the origin of classical swine virus.
Investigation of the properties of knitted woolen fabrics treated with oxygen low-temperature plasma for sportswear applications (2021)

Nine groups of knitted woolen fabrics for sportswear with different technical characteristics were treated with oxygen low-temperature plasma, and the changes in the surface morphology and chemical composition of wool fibers before and after plasma treatment, as well as the changes in the applicability indexes of knitted woolen fabrics, were studied. Finally, the comfort performance of the fabrics was evaluated by combining the concentration mapping method and the function evaluation value method. The analysis found that the surface scales of wool fibers were seriously etched after oxygen low-temperature plasma treatment, and the anti-felting, bursting strength and moisture absorption of the knitted woolen fabrics were improved. At the same time, the quick-drying index of the fabric has also been improved to a certain extent. This research provides a basis for the development of knitted woolen fabric for sportswear with excellent performance.