gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Idempotent work stealing (2009)

Load balancing is a technique which allows efficient parallelization of irregular workloads, and a key component of many applications and parallelizing runtimes. Work-stealing is a popular technique for implementing load balancing, where each parallel thread maintains its own work set of items and occasionally steals items from the sets of other threads. The conventional semantics of work stealing guarantee that each inserted task is eventually extracted exactly once. However, correctness of a wide class of applications allows for relaxed semantics, because either: i) the application already explicitly checks that no work is repeated or ii) the application can tolerate repeated work. In this paper, we introduce idempotent work tealing , and present several new algorithms that exploit the relaxed semantics to deliver better performance. The semantics of the new algorithms guarantee that each inserted task is eventually extracted at least once-instead of exactly once. On mainstream processors, algorithms for conventional work stealing require special atomic instructions or store-load memory ordering fence instructions in the owner's critical path operations. In general, these instructions are substantially slower than regular memory access instructions. By exploiting the relaxed semantics, our algorithms avoid these instructions in the owner's operations. We evaluated our algorithms using common graph problems and micro-benchmarks and compared them to well-known conventional work stealing algorithms, the THE Cilk and Chase-Lev algorithms. We found that our best algorithm (with LIFO extraction) outperforms existing algorithms in nearly all cases, and often by significant margins.
Subtle Control of Carbon Chain Length in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthases (2019)

Some marine bacteria synthesize docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C<sub>22</sub>) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C<sub>20</sub>) by enzyme complexes composed of four subunits (A-D). We recently revealed that β-ketoacyl synthase (KS<sub>C</sub>)/chain length factor (CLF)-like domains in the "C" subunit of DHA synthase catalyzed the last elongation step (C<sub>20</sub> to C<sub>22</sub>) even though their amino acid sequences are very similar to those of EPA synthase. To investigate the amino acid residues controlling the product chain length, conserved residues in the KS<sub>C</sub>/CLF-like domains in DHA synthase were replaced with corresponding EPA synthase residues. Among 12 mutants, two CLF-like domain-mutated genes completely lost DHA productivity and produced trace amounts of EPA when coexpressed with <i>dha-ABD</i> in <i>Escherichia coli</i>, whereas when coexpressed with <i>epa-ABD</i>, they produced the same amounts of EPA as <i>epa-ABCD</i>. These results suggest that the product profiles were subtly controlled by several amino acid residues.
Noroudemansin A, a New Antifungal Antibiotic from Pterula Species 82168 and Three Semisynthetic Derivatives (1999)

A new antifungal (E)-beta-methoxyacrylate noroudemansin A (1), was isolated from cultures of Pterula sp. 82168. Its biological activities were investigated and compared with oudemansin A. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Three semisynthetic noroudemansin A derivatives were synthesized from the natural product.
Polymerization of silyl ketenes using alkoxide initiators: a combined computational and experimental study (2017)

The atomic composition and chemical structure of polymers is fundamental to dictating properties and applications.
A study of model energetics and conformational properties of polynucleotide triplexes (1990)

Abstract The formation of triple‐stranded nucleic acid helices is studied by molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics calculations. Using standard TAT and CGG homopolymers, single, triple, and quintuple molecular replacements are made. Some of these replacements are expected to form Hoogsteen bonds and some are not. While the electrostatic and total energetic differences for base triplet mismatches were dependent on the electrostatic model chosen, clear trends in the local geometric distortions were apparent. Relationships between these model‐built strand geometries and chemical probe experiments are discussed.
Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors (II) (2015)

A series of darunavir analogues featuring a substituted bis-THF ring as P2 ligand have been synthesized and evaluated. Very high affinity protease inhibitors (PIs) with an interesting activity on wild-type HIV and a panel of multi-PI resistant HIV-1 mutants containing clinically observed, primary mutations were identified using a cell-based assay. Crystal structure analysis was conducted on a number of PI analogues in complex with HIV-1 protease.
CAPACITIVE SENSE FEEDBACK CONTROL FOR MEMS BEAM STEERING MIRRORS (2004)

This paper describes a feedback control system for a MEMS dual-axis scanner, which consists of two single-axis torsional mirrors. The mirror position is measured electronically with the sense capacitors and the EAM technique. The feedback system provides electronic damping and improves the dynamic performance of the high Q (~50) mirrors. Closed-loop controlled device achieves 400s settling time. Due to the feed-through, drive signal mixes with the sense and limits the control bandwidth. Band-pass filtering and pseudo-differential sense attenuates the feed-through in the sense circuit.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermostable Enzymes in Organic Synthesis. Part 6. Total Synthesis of ( S)‐(‐)Zearalenone Using a TBADH‐Generated Trifunctional Chiron. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamics of water bound to crystalline cellulose (2017)

Interactions of water with cellulose are of both fundamental and technological importance. Here, we characterize the properties of water associated with cellulose using deuterium labeling, neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulation. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering provided quantitative details about the dynamical relaxation processes that occur and was supported by structural characterization using small-angle neutron scattering and X-ray diffraction. We can unambiguously detect two populations of water associated with cellulose. The first is "non-freezing bound" water that gradually becomes mobile with increasing temperature and can be related to surface water. The second population is consistent with confined water that abruptly becomes mobile at ~260 K, and can be attributed to water that accumulates in the narrow spaces between the microfibrils. Quantitative analysis of the QENS data showed that, at 250 K, the water diffusion coefficient was 0.85 ± 0.04 × 10<sup>-10</sup> m<sup>2</sup>sec<sup>-1</sup> and increased to 1.77 ± 0.09 × 10<sup>-10</sup> m<sup>2</sup>sec<sup>-1</sup> at 265 K. MD simulations are in excellent agreement with the experiments and support the interpretation that water associated with cellulose exists in two dynamical populations. Our results provide clarity to previous work investigating the states of bound water and provide a new approach for probing water interactions with lignocellulose materials.
Meerkat Mafia: Multilingual and Cross-Level Semantic Textual Similarity Systems (2014)

We describe UMBC's systems developed for the SemEval 2014 tasks on Multilingual Semantic Textual Similarity (Task 10) and Cross-Level Semantic Similarity (Task 3). Our best submission in the Multilingual task ranked second in both English and Spanish subtasks using an unsupervised approach. Our best systems for Cross-Level task ranked second in Paragraph-Sentence and first in both Sentence-Phrase and Word-Sense subtask. The system ranked first for the Phrase- Word subtask but was not included in the official results due to a late submission.
Comparative activity of ilmetropium iodide and other anticholinergic drugs (2018)

Ilmetropium iodide selectively blocks M-cholinergic receptors of bronchial muscle, reduces or prevents bronchoconstrictor response associated with both cholinergic stimulation, as well as the impact of the factors that provoke bronchospasm (cold air, the smell of chlorine, tobacco smoke, exercise, etc.). The aim of the study was to evaluate comparative activity of ilmetropium iodide and other anticholinergic drugs in vivo model - acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction in anesthetized guinea pigs. Tracheal muscle contractions were recorded using laboratory equipment - basic recording station connected to the sensor bronchospasm (Ugo Basil). Protective effect of anticholinergic drugs on acetylcholine action on isolated guinea pig organs was estimate in vitro. <b>Results and discusion:</b> Strength and selectivity of ilmetropium iodide action substantially exceeds atropine sulfate and ipratropium bromide (Table 1). Atropine sulfate activity is equal to one. Relative activity of Ipratropium bromide is 3.9 and ilmetropium iodide is 10.0. The dose causing a 50% decrease of the acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction was the lowest for ilmetropium iodide - 0.45±0.13 µg/kg. * atropine sulfate activity is equal to one <b>Conclusion:</b> The potency and selectivity of ilmetropium iodide substantially exceeds that of atropine sulfate and ipratropium bromide.
Distributed Parameter Estimation in Sensor Networks: Nonlinear Observation Models and Imperfect Communication (2008)

The paper studies distributed static parameter (vector) estimation in sensor networks with nonlinear observation models and noisy inter-sensor communication. It introduces \emph{separably estimable} observation models that generalize the observability condition in linear centralized estimation to nonlinear distributed estimation. It studies two distributed estimation algorithms in separably estimable models, the $\mathcal{NU}$ (with its linear counterpart $\mathcal{LU}$) and the $\mathcal{NLU}$. Their update rule combines a \emph{consensus} step (where each sensor updates the state by weight averaging it with its neighbors' states) and an \emph{innovation} step (where each sensor processes its local current observation.) This makes the three algorithms of the \textit{consensus + innovations} type, very different from traditional consensus. The paper proves consistency (all sensors reach consensus almost surely and converge to the true parameter value,) efficiency, and asymptotic unbiasedness. For $\mathcal{LU}$ and $\mathcal{NU}$, it proves asymptotic normality and provides convergence rate guarantees. The three algorithms are characterized by appropriately chosen decaying weight sequences. Algorithms $\mathcal{LU}$ and $\mathcal{NU}$ are analyzed in the framework of stochastic approximation theory; algorithm $\mathcal{NLU}$ exhibits mixed time-scale behavior and biased perturbations, and its analysis requires a different approach that is developed in the paper.
Comments (1992)

(1992). Comments. Fusion Technology: Vol. 21, Proceedings of the Fourth National Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology In Fission, Fusion, And Isotopic Applications Albuquerque, New Mexico September 29–October 4, 1991, pp. xi-xi.
Solid lipid nanoparticles as a vehicle for brain-targeted drug delivery: two new strategies of functionalization with apolipoprotein E (2015)

Nanotechnology can be an important tool to improve the permeability of some drugs for the blood-brain barrier. In this work we created a new system to enter the brain by functionalizing solid lipid nanoparticles with apolipoprotein E, aiming to enhance their binding to low-density lipoprotein receptors on the blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Solid lipid nanoparticles were successfully functionalized with apolipoprotein E using two distinct strategies that took advantage of the strong interaction between biotin and avidin. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed spherical nanoparticles, and dynamic light scattering gave a Z-average under 200 nm, a polydispersity index below 0.2, and a zeta potential between -10 mV and -15 mV. The functionalization of solid lipid nanoparticles with apolipoprotein E was demonstrated by infrared spectroscopy and fluorimetric assays. In vitro cytotoxic effects were evaluated by MTT and LDH assays in the human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) cell line, a human blood-brain barrier model, and revealed no toxicity up to 1.5 mg ml(-1) over 4 h of incubation. The brain permeability was evaluated in transwell devices with hCMEC/D3 monolayers, and a 1.5-fold increment in barrier transit was verified for functionalized nanoparticles when compared with non-functionalized ones. The results suggested that these novel apolipoprotein E-functionalized nanoparticles resulted in dynamic stable systems capable of being used for an improved and specialized brain delivery of drugs through the blood-brain barrier.
Steric and electronic control of iron porphyrin catalyzed hydrocarbon oxidations (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteric and electronic control of iron porphyrin catalyzed hydrocarbon oxidationsMario J. Nappa and Chadwick A. TolmanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 26, 4711–4719Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00220a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00220a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views980Altmetric-Citations172LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New compact femtosecond laser source for penetrating keratoplasty at 1.65 μm (2011)

Femtosecond laser surgery in the volume of corneal tissue is typically performed wavelengths of about 1 &mu;m, which gives excellent results on transparent corneas. However, the outcome is much worse in the case of oedematous or pathological corneas as the laser beam propagation is disturbed by optical scattering. Our studies suggest that this phenomenon can be greatly reduced by using a better suited laser wavelength. Best results are obtained at 1.65 &mu;m. Currently, no compact femtosecond laser at this wavelength is commercially available. We have developed a new simple, compact and stable laser source consisting of a non linear crystal pumped by a compact commercial solid-state laser emitting at 1.03 &mu;m in a configuration of an Optical Parametric Generation (OPG). The output wavelength of this system can be tuned in the spectral range of 1.45 - 1.8 &mu;m. A series of ex vivo penetrating incisions using energies of the order of a few microjoules on corneal tissues have been performed while varying the wavelengths from 1.45 &mu;m to 1.7 &mu;m. The results have been compared to experiments performed at 0.8 &mu;m and 1 &mu;m. The use of longer infrared wavelengths around 1.65 &mu;m for femtosecond laser keratoplasty significantly improves the quality and the penetration depth of incision in case of pathological tissues, without inducing any additional side effects.
Computer-aided detection of brain metastasis on 3D MR imaging: Observer performance study (2017)

CAD as a second reader helps radiologists improve their diagnostic performance in the detection of BM on MR imaging, particularly for less-experienced reviewers.
A precision DTMOST-based temperature sensor (2011)

This paper describes a precision temperature sensor based on dynamic threshold MOS (DTMOS) transistors. By using the DTMOS configuration, i.e. by connecting the body of a MOSFET to its gate, a near-ideal diode characteristic can be realized. The resulting device can then replace the substrate PNP used in most precision temperature sensors. After a two-temperature trim, the proposed sensor achieves an inaccuracy of ±0.1°C (3σ) over the military temperature range: -55°C to 125°C. This represents a 5× improvement in accuracy over previously reported MOSFET-based temperature sensors. The chip was implemented in a 0.16-μm standard CMOS process. At a conversion rate of 5Hz, it achieves a resolution of 33 mK, while dissipating only 8.6 μW from a 1.8V supply.
673. Novel Delayed-Release Formulation of an Oral β-Lactamase Prevents Gut Microbiome Damage and Attenuates Antibiotic Resistance Caused by Oral Amoxicillin/Clavulanate without Interfering with Amoxicillin Systemic Absorption in Dogs (2019)

Abstract Background Exposure of the gut microbiota to antibiotics can alter the composition of the microbiome and lead to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. SYN-004 (ribaxamase) is a clinical-stage β-lactamase intended to degrade certain IV β-lactam antibiotics in the GI tract to preserve the gut microbiome. In a phase 2b clinical study, ribaxamase significantly reduced C. difficile infection in patients treated with IV ceftriaxone. A new delayed-release ribaxamase formulation, SYN-007, intended for use with oral β-lactams, was evaluated in dogs that received oral amoxicillin plus the β-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate (amox/clav). Methods SYN-007 was engineered for release in the lower small intestine, distal to the site of antibiotic absorption. Dogs received amox/clav (40 mg/kg amox/5.7 mg/kg clav, PO, TID) +/- SYN-007 (10 mg, PO, TID) for 16 doses. Amoxicillin serum levels were measured by LC/MS/MS after the first and last doses. DNA, isolated from feces collected before and after antibiotic treatment, was analyzed by whole-genome shotgun sequencing using CosmosID, Inc. metagenomics software. Results Serum amoxicillin levels were not significantly different +/- SYN-007 after the first and last doses of amox/clav. Microbiome analyses revealed that amox/clav disrupted the gut microbiome resulting in loss of some species and overgrowth of other taxa. SYN-007 attenuated changes to gut microbiome composition. Amox/clav exposure resulted in the emergence of many, mainly TEM β-lactamase genes that was reduced with SYN-007. Conclusion Oral amox/clav disrupted the gut microbiome in dogs and resulted in the emergence of β-lactamase genes. SYN-007 diminished amox/clav-mediated microbiome disruption and attenuated emergence of β-lactamase genes. SYN-007 did not interfere with amox systemic absorption indicating that the β-lactamase was not released in the upper small intestine, the site of oral amoxicillin absorption. Antibiotic inactivation represents a potential new treatment paradigm for preservation of the gut microbiome and reduction of antibiotic resistance. SYN-007 has the potential to expand β-lactamase-mediated microbiome protection to oral as well as IV β-lactam antibiotics. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
Aggregation Dynamics in Service Overlay Networks (2007)

In this work we analyze the characteristics of service overlay networks generated by uncoordinated service providers that deploy different service replicas on overlay nodes across the Internet. Our approach differs from previous works, that generally rely on application-level routing, in that we allow nodes to autonomously re-wire the service overlay to make it capable of absorbing a heterogeneously distributed workload that would otherwise result in some nodes with a specific service being overloaded and others remaining idle. We provide a game theoretic model of the overlay creation process and propose several optimization methods to achieve Nash equilibrium topologies. Equilibrium overlays are characterized by interconnected clusters of nodes that instantiate the same service replicas. Hindered by the computational complexity of finding stable wirings, we propose a simple distributed heuristic that allows the study of overlay networks with a realistic size and with several service instances. We show the ability of our re-wiring strategy to promote the emergence of a clustered global topology whilst running locally. We also argue that the lack of incentives for nodes to participate in the overlay creation might lead to several types of misbehavior, of which some representative cases are analyzed. Finally, both scalability and diversity (in terms of service instances) issues that might affect our distributed heuristic are evaluated in detail.
Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons From Patient Derived iPS Cells (2015)

Abstract : Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental diseases that affect about 1% of children in the United States. Such disorders are characterized by deficits in verbal communication, impaired social interaction, and limited and repetitive interests and behavior. Recent studies have led to two major hypotheses for autism pathogenesis: early brain overgrowth and synaptogenesis defects. The goal of this project is to produce human cellular models of non-syndromic ASD. We used cellular reprogramming to develop iPSCs from ASD patients (and non-autistic controls) for the production of patient-derived neural progenitors (NPCs) and neurons to study cellular phenotypes that directly test whether brain overgrowth and/or synaptogenesis mechanisms are found in ASD NPCs and neurons. Patient-derived NPCs and neurons from these ASD and control individuals will be used for the functional characterization of iPSCs-derived NPCs and neurons from ASD and control individuals for potential autism-specific defects in proliferation, neural development and synaptogenesis, and for gene expression studies. We have made signficiant progress on these aims in the first year.
Normalized STEAM-based diffusion tensor imaging provides a robust assessment of muscle tears in football players: preliminary results of a new approach to evaluate muscle injuries (2018)

• STEAM-based DTI allows the investigation of muscle tears affecting professional football players. • Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity differ between injured and healthy muscle areas. • Only normalized data show differences of fibre tracking metrics in muscle tears. • The normalization of DTI-metrics enables a more robust characterization of muscle tears.