gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time‐lapse tracing of mitotic cell divisions in the early Xenopus embryo using microscopic MRI (2006)

Mitotic cell division is a highly regulated cellular event in all organisms, but its direct visualization in the vertebrates is limited to animals with transparent embryos. Here, we report on the use of microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (mMRI) to noninvasively observe mitotic cell division of early blastomeres in the optically opaque Xenopus laevis embryo. Due to intrinsic tissue contrast, cell nuclei can be directly visualized without the need for contrast enhancing labeling. By taking two-dimensional in vivo time-lapse image sequences, the karyokinesis of a blastomere is followed. Timing and orientation of the cleavages can be traced for five cell divisions to establish a cell lineage tree, including orientation and timing of the mitosis. This work demonstrates for the first time the use of MRI for the visualization of cell divisions and expands the experimental scope of the Xenopus embryo.
Auto-calibration of multi-projector display walls (2004)

By treating projectors as pin-hole cameras, we show it is possible to calibrate the projectors of a casually-aligned, multi-projector display wall using the principles of planar auto-calibration. We also use a pose estimation technique for planar scenes to reconstruct the relative pose of a calibration camera, the projectors and the plane they project on. Together with assumptions about the pose of the camera, we use the reconstruction to automatically compute the projector-display homographies needed to render properly scaled and oriented imagery on the display wall. The main contribution of this paper is thus to provide a fully automated approach to calibrate a multi-projector display wall without the need for fiducials or interaction.
Data from Chromatin-Remodeling Complex SWI/SNF Controls Multidrug Resistance by Transcriptionally Regulating the Drug Efflux Pump ABCB1 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Anthracyclines are among the most effective yet most toxic drugs used in the oncology clinic. The nucleosome-remodeling SWI/SNF complex, a potent tumor suppressor, is thought to promote sensitivity to anthracyclines by recruiting topoisomerase IIa (TOP2A) to DNA and increasing double-strand breaks. In this study, we discovered a novel mechanism through which SWI/SNF influences resistance to the widely used anthracycline doxorubicin based on the use of a forward genetic screen in haploid human cells, followed by a rigorous single and double-mutant epistasis analysis using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated engineering. Doxorubicin resistance conferred by loss of the SMARCB1 subunit of the SWI/SNF complex was caused by transcriptional upregulation of a single gene, encoding the multidrug resistance pump ABCB1. Remarkably, both ABCB1 upregulation and doxorubicin resistance caused by SMARCB1 loss were dependent on the function of SMARCA4, a catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex. We propose that residual SWI/SNF complexes lacking SMARCB1 are vital determinants of drug sensitivity, not just to TOP2A-targeted agents, but to the much broader range of cancer drugs effluxed by ABCB1. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(19); 5810–21. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Laser Emission in Thin Dielectric-Coated CdSe Lasers (1971)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Vern N. Smiley, Henry F. Taylor, Adolph L. Lewis; Laser Emission in Thin Dielectric‐Coated CdSe Lasers. J. Appl. Phys. 1 December 1971; 42 (13): 5859–5861. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1660026 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Organic chemistry 2006 (2007)

It has been suggested that people with the epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and the deletion (D) allele of the insertion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzymes, are at a greater risk for coronary artery disease. However, only a few studies have examined the relationships between vasospastic angina (VSA) and genotype, especially with the apoE polymorphism. In the present study, 76 patients with VSA without significant fixed coronary artery stenosis, 149 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who had 75% or more luminal diameter narrowing and 213 healthy subjects were enrolled. The odds ratio for VSA of the epsilon4 allele carriers relative to the epsilon3/3 allele subjects compared with subjects with IHD and control subjects combined was 0.44 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.93, P=0.021), and that compared with control subjects alone was 0.36 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.78, P=0.005), implying that the presence of the epsilon4 allele indicates resistance to the development of VSA. In contrast, people with the epsilon2 allele showed a tendency to develop VSA more frequently than did patients with IHD (P=0.009), although the frequency of the epsilon2 allele did not differ between patients with VSA and control subjects. On the other hand, no recessive and dominant effects of the D alleles on VSA were found. These findings suggest that the risk of the occurrence of VSA may be reduced by the epsilon4 allele and increased by the epsilon2 allele. The ApoE polymorphism may be associated with IHD and VSA, probably due to the modulation of lipid metabolism.
Strong Ion Pairing Effects on Single-Site Olefin Polymerization:  Mechanistic Insights in Syndiospecific Propylene Enchainment (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTStrong Ion Pairing Effects on Single-Site Olefin Polymerization: Mechanistic Insights in Syndiospecific Propylene EnchainmentMing-Chou Chen and Tobin J. MarksView Author Information Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 47, 11803–11804Publication Date (Web):November 2, 2001Publication History Received26 June 2001Published online2 November 2001Published inissue 1 November 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011558phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011558prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views494Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Anions,Catalysts,Ions,Polymerization Get e-Alerts
Right sizes of nano- and microstructures for high-performance and rigid bulk thermoelectrics (2014)

In this paper, we systematically investigate three different routes of synthesizing 2% Na-doped PbTe after melting the elements: (i) quenching followed by hot-pressing (QH), (ii) annealing followed by hot-pressing, and (iii) quenching and annealing followed by hot-pressing. We found that the thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, strongly depends on the synthesis condition and that its value can be enhanced to ∼ 2.0 at 773 K by optimizing the size distribution of the nanostructures in the material. Based on our theoretical analysis on both electron and thermal transport, this zT enhancement is attributed to the reduction of both the lattice and electronic thermal conductivities; the smallest sizes (2 ∼ 6 nm) of nanostructures in the QH sample are responsible for effectively scattering the wide range of phonon wavelengths to minimize the lattice thermal conductivity to ∼ 0.5 W/m K. The reduced electronic thermal conductivity associated with the suppressed electrical conductivity by nanostructures also helped reduce the total thermal conductivity. In addition to the high zT of the QH sample, the mechanical hardness is higher than the other samples by a factor of around 2 due to the smaller grain sizes. Overall, this paper suggests a guideline on how to achieve high zT and mechanical strength of a thermoelectric material by controlling nano- and microstructures of the material.
Experimental aerosol transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to pigs. (2000)

In order to demonstrate the possible role of aerosol in the transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, an experiment including 18 specific pathogen-free (SPF), 10-week-old piglets, randomly distributed into 2 adjacent units, was carried out. In these facilities, air was forced through absolute filters to prevent any contact with infectious agents. During the first 6 d post inoculation, the 2 units were connected by a rectangular opening and the air circulation was forced by the ventilation system from unit A (inoculated pigs) to unit B (non-inoculated pigs). The A. pleuropneumoniae strain (biovar 1 serovar 9) was isolated in France from an outbreak of porcine pleuropneumonia. Two different infecting doses, 10(7) cfu/animal and 10(8) cfu/animal, were inoculated by intranasal route in 6 pigs of unit A. The infection spread quickly from the inoculated pigs to the non-inoculated pigs. Clinical signs were acute during the 4 d post inoculation: hyperthermia, respiratory distress and, sometimes, death (6 pigs of the unit A and 2 pigs of the unit B). All pigs seroconverted against A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 9 within 2 weeks. Lung lesions were severe: fibrinous pleurisy and lung hemorrhages in the acute stage, pleural adherences and focal pulmonary necrosis in the chronic stage. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was isolated from the tonsils and/or lungs in 16 animals. It could be also isolated from the air of the experimental unit. This study showed that A. pleuropneumoniae was readily transmitted through aerosol over a distance of at least 2.5 m.
Lunar Global Positioning System using L 1 and L 2 libration points (2008)

This paper deals with the realization of a Lunar Global Positioning System that uses two constellations of satellites around the collinear L1 and L2 libration points of the Earth - Moon system. Analytical solutions for periodic orbits around the collinear points have been investigated in the frame of the restricted three and four body problem. Different kinds of periodic orbits and geometry configurations for the constellations have been studied in order to minimize the amount of Δv needed for the station keeping maneuvers, also taking into consideration the requirements of satellites' visibility from the Earth and coverage of the lunar surface. Particular attention was given to the definition of geometries of the constellations that guarantee coverage of the polar regions, due to their great importance in the renewed interest for lunar exploration. A short description of the control technique used for the station keeping is provided as well.
Accurate sensitivity in optically preamplified direct detection (2004)

We present a novel model for calculating the bit error rate in optical communication systems in the case of on-off keying intensity modulation and optically preamplified direct detection. The model accounts for the intersymbol interference and is based on the Laguerre photon-count probability distribution predicted by photodetection theory. For a non-return-to-zero modulation format an accurate value of the sensitivity for a quantum-limited receiver of 33.9 photons/bit is obtained.
Voltage- and use-dependent modulation of cardiac calcium channels by the dihydropyridine (+)-202-791. (1989)

The modulation of L-type voltage sensitive calcium channels in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes by the dihydropyridine (+)-202-791 was examined with the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique with 1.8 mM Ba or Ca as the charge carrier. Striking voltage- and use-dependent effects of the dihydropyridine calcium channel "agonist" (+)-202-791 were revealed. From a holding potential of -60 mV, depolarizing test pulses in the presence of (+)-202-791 demonstrated a concentration-dependent (EC50, 177 nM) increase in the measured peak inward barium current compared to control. In contrast, more depolarized holding potentials (greater than or equal to -30 mV) (+)-202-791 caused a biphasic effect on the peak inward current resulting in a transient enhancement followed by a steady-state block. A saturable, concentration-dependent hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of current inactivation was observed in the presence of (+)-202-791 with an EC50 of 10.2 nM. The voltage dependence of current activation was also shifted in the hyperpolarizing direction in the presence of (+)-202-791. A use-dependent relative block by (+)-202-791 was observed after repetitive depolarizing test pulses at a frequency of 2 Hz. Thus, the single enantiomer (+)-202-791 can result in either an increase in the whole cell calcium channel current (favored by hyperpolarized holding potentials and low rates of stimulation) or block of calcium channel current (favored by depolarized holding potentials and high rates of stimulation). Various combinations of (-)-202-791, a reported calcium channel antagonist, and (+)-202-791 resulted in intermediate effects on voltage sensitive calcium or barium currents compared with the presence of either enantiomer alone, and no clear cooperative interactions between the enantiomers were observed in contrast to a previous single channel study (Kokuban S, Prod'ham B, Becker C, Porzig H, Reuter H: Studies on Ca channels in intact cardiac cells: Voltage-dependent effects and cooperative interaction of dihydropyridine enantiomers. Mol Pharmacol 1986;30:571-584). The results are discussed in relation to the possible presence of multiple dihydropyridine receptors associated with the voltage sensitive calcium channel.
Application of Sensitivity Analysis for an Improved Representation in Evolutionary Design Optimization (2012)

The choice of the representation in evolutionary design optimization defines the flexibility and constraints of the search process. Finding an adequate representation is a pre-requisite for the success of an optimization but requires extensive knowledge about the design at hand. Based on the results of an automotive part design optimization, the authors provide evidence that an adaptation of the representation based on sensitivity information leads to new outperforming designs. for retrieving reliable sensitivity estimates a robust variant of the mutual information has been introduced. the robust sensitivity measure provides valuable information for the setup of an improved representation.
Tribulations of trials for antibacterial drugs: interview with Brad Spellberg (2011)

Brad Spellberg is an Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles and is based at the Division of General Internal Medicine at the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor- University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center. His research is diverse, ranging from NIH-funded basic immunology and vaccinology to pure clinical and outcomes research. He is the co-founder and Medical Director of Clinical Research Solutions, a clinical trial unit at his research institute. He is also a Fellow in the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and is a member of the IDSA’s Antimicrobial Availability Task Force, formed to bring attention to the problems of increasing drug resistance and decreasing new antibiotics. His research regarding new drug development has been a cornerstone of the IDSA’s white paper, ‘Bad Bugs, No Drugs’, and has been cited extensively in medical literature and on Capitol Hill. He has lead authored numerous IDSA position papers and review article...
A high resolution multi‐view 3D display using switchable liquid crystal lens (2013)

Abstract A 4.4‐inch 2D/3D switchable full high definition (FHD) six‐view 3D display with 3D resolution greater than 170 ppi has been accomplished. In addition to adopting low temperature polysilicon technology (LTPS), which is most suitable for high resolution displays, a new RGBW pixel arrangement using four‐square sub‐pixels has been devised. In 2D, a resolution greater than 500 ppi, accompanied with high luminance, has been achieved. A new liquid crystal lens (LCL) has been exploited for 2D/3D switching. By employing a special multielectrode structure and dedicated manufacturing process, an optical focal ratio less than 20%, which is essential for low 3D cross talk for a six‐view 3D display, has been attained by adopting the LCL. In the vertical direction of the display, there is no cross talk increase when the viewing position is changed because of the new pixel structure. The strong focal strength of the LCL combined with a revised high‐density multi‐view design give rise to a wide 3D viewing angle greater than 20 degrees in the horizontal direction and minimum cross talk less than 10%.
Coupling of Component Segmental Relaxations in a Polymer Blend Containing Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds (2002)

The segmental relaxations of poly(4-vinylphenol)/poly(vinyl ethyl ether) [PVPh/PVEE] blends, with PVPh content from 10 to 50 wt % and having a very large Tg difference between the components, have been investigated using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Although a single Tg was observed for all compositions in DSC measurements, two segmental α processes for blends with low PVPh concentration are highly probable. The slow process is attributed to the relaxation of intermolecular hydrogen-bonded PVPh and PVEE segments, while the fast one is assigned to unassociated PVEE segments. However, at PVPh concentrations ≥30 wt %, most PVEE segments are hydrogen-bonded to PVPh and the blends exhibit a single α relaxation. This behavior is compared to that of other miscible blends with large Tg contrast but having weak intermolecular interactions. The observed behavior is explained by the role of intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which is believed to be capable of coupling the segmental relaxations of PVEE and PVPh, which would otherwise exhibit two distinct segmental relaxation processes due to their large intrinsic mobility difference. The time−temperature superposition principle, which fails for many polymer blends, is successful in blends with higher PVPh content, indicating thermorheological simplicity of this dynamically asymmetric blend. Finally, increases in both the fragility and the coupling parameter are clearly observed in the blends compared to neat PVEE, confirming that intermolecular coupling is enhanced by hydrogen bonding.
Malignant Transformation of Benign Hidroacanthoma simplex (1994)

A case of malignant hidroacanthoma simplex of the anterior aspect of the right ankle in a 75-year-old man is reported. A specimen obtained in 1987 showed the features of benign hidroacanthoma simplex, whereas that taken in 1991 revealed malignant transformation. We performed immunohistochemical studies on these two specimens, and they suggest this tumor derives from the outer cells of intraepidermal ducts. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index and argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions of these two specimens were also compared and correlated with malignant transformation.
Achieving Max-Min Fairness for MU-MISO with Partial CSIT: A Multicast Assisted Transmission (2015)

We address the max-min fairness design problem for a MU-MISO system with partial Channel State Information (CSI) at the Base Station (BS), consisting of an imperfect channel estimate and statistical knowledge of the estimation error, and perfect CSI at the receivers. The objective is to maximize the minimum Average Rate (AR) among users subject to a transmit power constraint. An unconventional transmission scheme is adopted where the Base Station (BS) transmits a common message in addition to the conventional private messages. In situations where the CSIT is not accurate enough to perform interference nulling, individual rates are assisted by allocating parts of the common message to different users according to their needs. The AR problem is transformed into an augmented Average Weighted Mean Square Error (AWMSE) problem, solved using Alternating Optimization (AO). The benefits of incorporating the common message are demonstrated through simulations.
TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION OF THE “LUMBAR STIFFNESS DISABILITY INDEX” QUESTIONNAIRE INTO PORTUGUESE (2019)

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a version of the Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI), translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Methods: The well-established process of translation into Portuguese and back translation into English was used together with cultural adaptation. Results: Five bilingual translators (English and Portuguese) performed the translation of the Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) from English to Portuguese based on interactive discussions used to arrive at a consensus translation. The translated version of LSDI was then translated into English by a native English-speaking translator who did not know the concepts involved in LSDI. The original LSDI and back translation were compared by a committee formed by the translators responsible for translating the original into Portuguese and a North-American spine surgeon, and because they were considered equivalent, the final version of the LSDI translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted was defined. Conclusions: In order to facilitate global and cross-cultural comparisons of the influence of lumbar stiffness related to spinal arthrodesis in daily activities, this study presents a version of LSDI that has been translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Level of Evidence; Not Applicable. Prospective Study.
Categories and Prototypes (2010)

This article first addresses some historical remarks on the notion of the categories in philosophy and in linguistics. The differences between prototype theory and the classical model of categorization are also described. It should be mentioned that the internal structure and the fuzzy boundaries should be kept apart. The article then briefly reports some of the central hypotheses of prototype theory and their impact on matters of categorization. The examples presented show the concepts from prototype theory that were used to define analytic notions, and which are indispensable tools in the description and comparison of languages. Furthermore, the idea of structuring a larger conceptual domain in terms of a family-resemblance graph has been used in the concept of ‘semantic’ or ‘conceptual maps’. Aspects of prototype theory, such as the assumption of internal category structures and family resemblances, can be very useful in many domains of grammar and lexicon, and in linguistic conceptualization.