gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of four Ocimum species growing in Tanzania (2009)

Guided by ethnobotanical literature and availability from natural sources, in the framework of our research on odoriferous Tanzania plants, used as edibles or spices, and their biological activities, we report herein the analysis of six samples of essential oils from four Ocimum species (O. basilicum (A and B), O. kilimandscharicum, O. lamiifolium, O. suave (A and B). Leaves and flowering tops of these Ocimum species were collected from the wild, in Mbeya region, Tanzania. The samples were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Eighty-one compounds, corresponding to 81.1–98.2% of the chemical components of the oils, were identified. Major compounds were either, phenyl propane derivatives or terpenoids, including methyl eugenol, 1,8-cineole, camphor, bornyl acetate, germacrene-D, E-myroxide, germacrene-B, caryophylene oxide and p-cymene. The oils were also evaluated for antimicrobial activity against eight bacterial strains and three fungi. The oil of O. suave (B), showed the strongest antibacterial activity; O. suave (A), O. kilimandscharicum, O. lamiifolium were moderately active, while O. basilicum oil was weakly active. However, none of the oils was active against the fungi species. The study has shown that, Ocimum oils could be used potentially as antimicrobial agents, as well as accordingly, as food preservatives against food spoilage microorganisms.
Concentration of elements in whole-body fish, fish fillets, fish muscle plugs, and fish eggs from the 2008 Missouri Department of Conservation General Contaminant Monitoring Program (2009)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (F) as follows:
Measurement Properties of the Chinese Language Version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General in a Singaporean Population (2009)

The Chinese version of the FACT-G can be used to assess overall level and some specific aspects of health-related quality of life. However, researchers should be cautious in using this instrument to specifically investigate the social aspect of quality of life.
[Development of method to estimate delay time for arterial imput function with [15O]CO2-PET study using sinogram data and attenuation map]. (2004)

The difference in tracer arrival times between the external radiation detector and the brain following administration of radioactivity (delay time) must be estimated correctly in order to quantitatively measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography and [15O]H2O by autoradiographic method. Instead of intervenous injection of [15O]H2O, bolus inhalation of [15O]CO2 gas is sometimes used to simplify the measurement of rCBF. In the case of [15O]CO2, radioactive gas in mask and nasal cavity contributes large artifact on the sinogram data and it is difficult to estimate delay time from the sinogram data. In this paper, we proposed a new method to estimate the delay time using the sinogram data and the attenuation map (attenuation weighted sinogram method). In the present method, the attenuation map was used to eliminate the effect of the gas outside the brain region from the sinogram data. For the validation of the present method, PET data with [15O]CO2 (n = 10) were analyzed. Three methods, namely the image method, the sinogram method and the attenuation weighted sinogram method were used to estimate the delay time. The estimated delay times and calculated rCBF images by three methods were compared. Due to the radioactivity outside of the brain, the sinogram method significantly overestimated the delay time and thus underestimated the rCBF value compared with the image base method. On the other hand, there were good agreements between the delay times estimated by the attenuation weighted sinogram method and the image method. The present method can eliminate the effect of the radioactivity outside of the brain on the sinogram data and estimate the delay time accurately and fast enough for clinical use.
Oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins for treatment of Crohn’s disease: Results of a phase I clinical trial (2005)

Immune regulation via oral administration of CEP is a safe and possibly effective treatment for subjects with moderate CD and may provide means of antigen-specific immune modulation.
The US Congress: an independent force in world politics? (1991)

Journal Article The US Congress: an independent force in world politics? Get access William C. Olson William C. Olson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 67, Issue 3, July 1991, Pages 547–563, https://doi.org/10.2307/2621951 Published: 01 July 1991
Color to gray and back: color embedding into textured gray images (2006)

We have developed a reversible method to convert color graphics and pictures to gray images. The method is based on mapping colors to low-visibility high-frequency textures that are applied onto the gray image. After receiving a monochrome textured image, the decoder can identify the textures and recover the color information. More specifically, the image is textured by carrying a subband (wavelet) transform and replacing bandpass subbands by the chrominance signals. The low-pass subband is the same as that of the luminance signal. The decoder performs a wavelet transform on the received gray image and recovers the chrominance channels. The intent is to print color images with black and white printers and to be able to recover the color information afterwards. Registration problems are discussed and examples are presented.
Debate Ciencia y futuro. Del siglo XX al XXII en el CSIC (2019)

Datos tecnicos: 100 minutos, color, espanol. Ficha tecnica: Gabinete de Presidencia CSIC y Departamento de Comunicacion
Configurational entropy of binary hard-disk glasses: Nonexistence of an ideal glass transition (2007)

We study the thermodynamics of a binary hard-disk mixture in which the ratio of disk diameters is kappa=1.4. We use a recently developed molecular dynamics algorithm to calculate the free-volume entropy of glassy configurations and obtain the configurational entropy (degeneracy) of the supercompressed liquid as a function of density. We find that the configurational entropy of the glasses near the kinetic glass transition is very close to the mixing entropy, suggesting that the degeneracy is zero only for the phase-separated crystal. We explicitly construct an exponential number of jammed packings with densities spanning the spectrum from the accepted "amorphous" glassy state to the phase-separated crystal, thus showing that there is no ideal glass transition in binary hard-disk mixtures. This construction also demonstrates that the ideal glass, defined as having zero configurational entropy, is not amorphous, but instead is nothing more than a phase-separated crystal. This critique of the presumed existence of an ideal glass parallels our previous critique of the idea that there is a most-dense random (close) packing for hard spheres [Torquato et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2064 (2000)]. We also perform free-energy calculations to determine the equilibrium phase behavior of the system. The calculations predict a first-order freezing transition at a density below the kinetic glass transition. However, this transition appears to be strongly kinetically suppressed and is not observed directly. New simulation techniques are needed in order to gain a more complete understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of the binary disk mixture and, in particular, of the demixing process during crystallization.
Mass recalibration for desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging using endogenous reference ions (2022)

The presented method represents a robust and accurate tool for performing post-acquisition mass recalibration of DESI-MSI datasets and can help to increase the reliability of the molecular assignment and the data quality.
A Two-Level Approach to Characterizing Human Activities from Wearable Sensor Data (2016)

International audience
BOARD INVITED REVIEW: Oxidative stress and efficiency: the tightrope act of mitochondria in health and disease1,2 (2019)

Oxidative stress is an unavoidable consequence of aerobic metabolism. Whereas high amounts of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidation, low levels play important roles in signal transduction. In a Pedigree male (PedM) broiler model of feed efficiency (FE), the low FE phenotype was characterized by increased ROS in isolated mitochondria (muscle, liver, and duodenum) with a pervasive protein oxidation in mitochondria and tissues. Subsequent proteogenomic studies in muscle revealed evidence of enhanced mitoproteome abundance, enhanced mitochondrial phosphocreatine shuttling expression, and enhanced ribosome assembly in the high FE phenotype. Surprisingly, an enhanced infrastructure would foster greater repair of damaged proteins or organelles through the autophagy and proteosome pathways in the high FE phenotype. Although protein and organelle degradation, recycling, and reconstruction would be energetically expensive, it is possible that energy invested into maintaining optimal function of proteins and organelles contributes to cellular efficiency in the high FE phenotype. New findings in mitochondrial physiology have been reported in the last several years. Reverse electron transport (RET), once considered an artifact of in vitro conditions, now is recognized to play significant roles in inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, muscle differentiation, and energy utilization. A topology of ROS production indicates that ROS derived from Complex I of the respiratory chain primarily causes oxidation, whereas ROS generated from Complex III are primarily involved in cell signaling. It is also apparent that there is a constant fission and fusion process that mitochondria undergo that help maintain optimal mitochondrial function and enables mitochondria to adjust to periods of nutrient limitation and nutrient excess. Understanding the balancing act that mitochondria play in health and disease will continue to be a vital biological component in health-production efficiency and disease in commercial animal agriculture.
All-fiber time-delay spectrometer for simultaneous spectral and temporal laser pulse characterization in the nanosecond range (2013)

We have realized a modified time-delay spectrometer based on a step-chirped fiber Bragg grating array. This method allows simultaneous spectral and temporal characterization of pulsed light sources in the nanosecond regime, which can also be applied to the investigation of single pulses. With a spectral resolution in the 100 pm range, pulse spectrograms are measured and exemplarily used to explore the emission behavior of a wavelength-stabilized laser diode directly modulated in the nanosecond range.
ChemInform Abstract: The Invention of Radical Reactions. Part 17. A Decarboxylative Sulfonylation of Carboxylic Acids. (1988)

Abstract Decarboxylative sulfonylation of the esters (I) yields the thiosulfonates (III), which are converted to the sulfones (V) or the sulfonamides (VIII).
Hepatic adenoma among adult survivors of childhood cancer. (2016)

117 Background: Hepatic adenoma is a rare and poorly understood benign epithelial neoplasm. Because of the potential for spontaneous hemorrhage, rupture, or malignant transformation; hepatic adenoma over 5 cm require resection. In the general population, the prevalence of hepatic adenoma is estimated at 1 in 100,000 and identified predominantly in obese females on oral contraceptives. An increased risk for hepatic adenoma among adult survivors of childhood and young adult cancer has not been previously reported Methods: Cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as demographic factors, medications, and comorbidities, were collected from the medical chart among patients with pathological confirmation of hepatic adenoma. All cases were patients diagnosed with a non-hepatic cancer before the age of 40 and seen at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Results: Twelve cases of hepatic adenoma were pathologically confirmed; seven patients (58%) had more than one adenoma. Eleven (92%) cases were female. The most common preceding cancer diagnosis was leukemia (N = 4; 33%). Five (42%) had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant with total body irradiation (TBI) as part of their preconditioning regimen. Cases were not as a rule obese; median body mass index was 22.2 kg/m 2 (range, 17.6-31.0 kg/m 2 ). All eleven females had a history of current or prior hormone therapy with estrogen and progesterone; the single male case was hypogonadal as a result of radiation therapy to the testes during treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and was receiving testosterone therapy at the time of chart review. Eight patients (67%) had hypothyroidism and two (17%) were taking anti-epileptic drugs. Only two patients (17%) were monitored radiographically following biopsy; seven patients (58%) underwent hepatic resection and three (25%) underwent embolization. No patient had significant blood loss or has been observed to undergo malignant transformation, although follow-up is ongoing. Conclusions: Adult survivors of childhood and young adult cancer, particularly females with a history of current or prior hormone therapy, may be at increased risk for hepatic adenoma. Further investigation of this potentially morbid condition is warranted.
Monolithic mode locked GaInAsP lasers (1990)

Some published results on mode locked monolithic lasers are reviewed. Optical spectra of a typical hybrid mode-locked monolithic device for different levels of RF power and frequency are shown and discussed, as are effects of detuning the modulation frequency. Design considerations are examined. These include the length of the device, the use of hybrid mode locking, and the choice of active or passive waveguides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Novel 3-Oxa Lipoxin A4 Analogues with Enhanced Chemical and Metabolic Stability Have Anti-inflammatory Activity in Vivo (2004)

Lipoxin A(4) (LXA(4)) is a structurally and functionally distinct natural product called an eicosanoid, which displays immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity but is rapidly metabolized to inactive catabolites in vivo. A previously described analogue of LXA(4), methyl (5R,6R,7E,9E,11Z,13E,15S)-16-(4-fluorophenoxy)-5,6,15-trihydroxy-7,9,11,13-hexadecatetraenoate (2, ATLa), was shown to have a poor pharmacokinetic profile after both oral and intravenous administration, as well as sensitivity to acid and light. The chemical stability of the corresponding E,E,E-trien-11-yne analogue, 3, was improved over 2 without loss of efficacy in the mouse air pouch model of inflammation. Careful analysis of the plasma samples from the pharmacokinetic assays for both 2 and 3 identified a previously undetected metabolite, which is consistent with metabolism by beta-oxidation. The formation of the oxidative metabolites was eliminated with the corresponding 3-oxatetraene, 4, and the 3-oxatrien-11-yne, 5, analogues of 2. Evaluation of 3-oxa analogues 4 and 5 in calcium ionophore-induced acute skin inflammation model demonstrated similar topical potency and efficacy compared to 2. The 3-oxatrien-11-yne analogue, 5, is equipotent to 2 in an animal model of inflammation but has enhanced metabolic and chemical stability and a greatly improved pharmacokinetic profile.
Urothelium with barrier function differentiated from human urine-derived stem cells for potential use in urinary tract reconstruction (2018)

The present study illustrates an optimal strategy for the generation of differentiated urothelium from stem cells isolated from the urine. The induced urothelium is phenotypically and functionally like native urothelium and has proposed uses in in vivo urological tissue repair or in vitro urethra or bladder modeling.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Nucleic Acid‐(Co)Polymer Conjugates: Application to Diagnostics (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Directed Fusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cardiomyocytes via VSV-G Facilitates Stem Cell Programming (2012)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) spontaneously fuse with somatic cells in vivo, albeit rarely, and the fusion products are capable of tissue-specific function (mature trait) or proliferation (immature trait), depending on the microenvironment. That stem cells can be programmed, or somatic cells reprogrammed, in this fashion suggests that stem cell fusion holds promise as a therapeutic approach for the repair of damaged tissues, especially tissues not readily capable of functional regeneration, such as the myocardium. In an attempt to increase the frequency of stem cell fusion and, in so doing, increase the potential for cardiac tissue repair, we expressed the fusogen of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) in human MSCs. We found VSV-G expressing MSCs (vMSCs) fused with cardiomyocytes (CMs) and these fusion products adopted a CM-like phenotype and morphology in vitro. In vivo, vMSCs delivered to damaged mouse myocardium via a collagen patch were able to home to the myocardium and fuse to cells within the infarct and peri-infarct region of the myocardium. This study provides a basis for the investigation of the biological impact of fusion of stem cells with CMs in vivo and illustrates how viral fusion proteins might better enable such studies.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO ADA.PTIVE EQUALIZERS FOR MOBILE RADIO (1991)

This paper presents a. study of adaptive equalization techniques designed to improve bit error rates (BER) degraded by multipath propagation in · mobile communication systems. Two kinds of equalizers are used in simulation: adaptive lattice decision feedback equalizer (L-DFE) and maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE). RLS algorithms are used to update the equalizers. The choices are based on the fact that a DFE has little noise enhancement and a RLS algorithm converges fast and has good tracking capability. The sensitivities of these equalizers to receiver-velocity and ·.signal-to-noise (SNR) are tested for a two ray multipath channel, where the ratio of powers of the rays can vary. Results. show that these two kinds of eq'!lalizers have similar performance.
<title>Photoacoustic blood cell detection and imaging of blood vessels in phantom tissue</title> (1998)

Photoacoustic (PA) signals were used to detect and image optically absorbing structures in highly scattering media. Tissue phantoms were constructed from 10 μm diameter carbon fibres and nylon vessels containing blood or a variable dilution of Evens blue that were situated within a I% dilution oflntralipid A PVdF piezoelectric hydrophone with a bandwidth of 70 MHZ was used to detect the PA signals. A Q-switched frequency doubled Nd: Y AG laser provided 1 O ns pulses at 1 O Hz repetition rate and 532 nm wavelength. The sensitivity of the PA technique was demonstrated by the photoacoustic detection of single red blood cells that were situated on a glass plate in a PBS buffer. PA images of the samples were constructed from scanned array detection of the acoustic signals. The imaging algorithm is based on scanning synthetic delay-and-sum focus forming. The transducer directivity was simulated, verified and used to determine the weight factors of the algorithm. Threads and capillaries with various diameters situated at various depths have been imaged. The lateral resolution is limited by the diameter (200 μm) of the transducer. In the experimental images is shown that the depth resolution can be less than 10 μm. The accuracy of the source location reconstruction depends both on the method of signal processing and the PA signal duration. The PA images of larger blood vessels in phantom tissue show only the front and back side of these vessels due to the relatively low optical penetration depth in whole blood, acoustic interference and acoustic reflection at the walls of the vessels. The photoacoustic image of optically absorbing characters located at a depth of 1.8 mm and illuminated through 2 mm Intralipid dilution is presented. The results of this study are promising for the development ofphotoacoustic tomography. Keywords: Photoacoustics, imaging, phantom tissue, tomography, blood, piezoelectric detection.
Astrocyte‐expressed FABP7 regulates dendritic morphology and excitatory synaptic function of cortical neurons (2015)

Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) expressed by astrocytes in developing and mature brains is involved in uptake and transportation of fatty acids, signal transduction, and gene transcription. Fabp7 knockout (Fabp7 KO) mice show behavioral phenotypes reminiscent of human neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. However, direct evidence showing how FABP7 deficiency in astrocytes leads to altered brain function is lacking. Here, we examined neuronal dendritic morphology and synaptic plasticity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of Fabp7 KO mice and in primary cortical neuronal cultures. Golgi staining of cortical pyramidal neurons in Fabp7 KO mice revealed aberrant dendritic morphology and decreased spine density compared with those in wild-type (WT) mice. Aberrant dendritic morphology was also observed in primary cortical neurons co-cultured with FABP7-deficient astrocytes and neurons cultured in Fabp7 KO astrocyte-conditioned medium. Excitatory synapse number was decreased in mPFC of Fabp7 KO mice and in neurons co-cultured with Fabp7 KO astrocytes. Accordingly, whole-cell voltage-clamp recording in brain slices from pyramidal cells in the mPFC showed that both amplitude and frequency of action potential-independent miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) were decreased in Fabp7 KO mice. Moreover, transplantation of WT astrocytes into the mPFC of Fabp7 KO mice partially attenuated behavioral impairments. Collectively, these results suggest that astrocytic FABP7 is important for dendritic arbor growth, neuronal excitatory synapse formation, and synaptic transmission, and provide new insights linking FABP7, lipid homeostasis, and neuropsychiatric disorders, leading to novel therapeutic interventions.
Encoding Complex Wettability Patterns in Chemically Functionalized 3D Photonic Crystals (2012)

Much of modern technologyfrom data encryption to environmental sensors to templates for device fabricationrelies on encoding complex chemical information in a single material platform. Here we develop a technique for patterning multiple chemical functionalities throughout the inner surfaces of three-dimensional (3D) porous structures. Using a highly ordered 3D photonic crystal as a regionally functionalized porous carrier, we generate complex wettability patterns. Immersion of the sample in a particular fluid induces its localized infiltration and disappearance of the bright color in a unique spatial pattern dictated by the surface chemistry. We use this platform to illustrate multilevel message encryption, with selective decoding by specific solvents. Due to the highly symmetric geometry of inverse opal photonic crystals used as carriers, a remarkable selectivity of wetting is observed over a very broad range of fluids’ surface tensions. These properties, combined with the easily detectable optical response, suggest that such a system could also find use as a colorimetric indicator for liquids based on wettability.