gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sex-Related Factors in Cardiovascular Complications Associated to COVID-19 (2021)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pandemic infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presents with an extremely heterogeneous spectrum of symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations seem to be correlated with disease severity. COVID-19 susceptibility and mortality show a significant sex imbalance, with men being more prone to infection and showing a higher rate of hospitalization and mortality compared to women. Such variability can be ascribed to both sex-related biological factors and gender-related behavioral cues. This review will discuss the potential mechanisms accounting for sex/gender influence in vulnerability to COVID-19. Cardiovascular diseases play a central role in determining COVID-19 outcome, whether they are pre-existent or arose upon infection. We will pay particular attention to the impact of sex and gender on cardiovascular manifestations related to COVID-19. Finally, we will discuss the sex-dependent variability in some biomarkers for the evaluation of COVID-19 infection and prognosis. The aim of this work is to highlight the significance of gendered medicine in setting up personalized programs for COVID-19 prevention, clinical evaluation and treatment.
Abstract 3885: A bi-functional fluorescent assay for the assessment of cytotoxicity and proliferation (2012)

Abstract Cell-based models continue to be critical tools for cancer research. Therefore, the assessment of cytotoxic or cytostatic effects remains an obligate experimental activity. Although numerous enzyme activity chemistries exist for measuring cytotoxicity, biomarker degradation may cause underestimation of actual cytotoxicity and limit the utility of these activity measures when ascertained with long-term drug exposures (72hrs or more). We have developed a cell-impermeant probe which labels the DNA from cells with compromised membranes. The quantum efficiency (i.e. brightness) of this dye increases dramatically upon DNA binding, producing a fluorescent signal which can be measured using standard “green” fluorometry wavelengths (excitation 485nm/emission 530nm). Additionally, the dye is non-toxic and stable, allowing for introduction of the probe directly into the culture medium or compound dilutions prior to cell dosing. This “no step” addition feature allows for the measurement of cytotoxicity in real time or at a convenient endpoint. Furthermore, the dye is fully compatible with luminescent measures, allowing for same-well, multi-parametric assessment of the cytotoxic phenotype. Lastly, proliferative or anti-proliferative effects (relative to control) can be revealed by the introduction of a lytic detergent which enables the normally impermeant dye to bind to all DNA in the assay well. Herein, we detail our efforts to characterize and multiplex this dye when applied to suspension and adherent cell lines treated with agents which cause either primary or secondary necrosis in a 72hr time course. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3885. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3885
P4‐022: Neuropathology associated with administration of a nonselective beta secretase (BACE) and cathepsin D inhibitor in Mdr 1a/b knockout mice (2011)

Beta secretase (BACE) is an aspartyl protease that is important in the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to beta amyloid (Aß). Cathepsin D (CatD) is a lysosomal aspartyl protease and is involved in diverse biological functions. The objective of this study was to determine potential safety liabilities of nonselective BACE/CatD inhibitors. ELN 380842, a potent CatD (17 nM) and BACE (43 nM) inhibitor, was administered to female Mdr1a/b knockout mice (6/group) twice daily (BID) via subcutaneous injection as a vehicle control dose, a low dose (5 mg/kg/dose), or a high escalating dose (5 mg/kg/dose for Days 1-2, 10 mg/kg/dose for Days 3-4, 15 mg/kg/dose for Days 5-6, and 20 mg/kg/dose from Day 7 onward) for 28 days. One mouse given the high dose was euthanized moribund on Day 28; all other mice survived. Mice given the low or high dose demonstrated various clinical signs, including slight to severe hypoactivity, brief seizure, aggressiveness and ataxia. Brain to plasma (B/P) ratios were high. Plasma concentrations of ELN 380842 at 6 hours after the last low and high doses were 24 and 323 ng/mL, respectively; brain levels were 2213 and 6855 ng/g, respectively. Cortical brain Aßx-40 was significantly reduced (13% and 21%) at 6 hours post the last dose in the low and high-dose groups, respectively, confirming that these BID doses were sufficient to inhibit BACE. Microscopic changes occurred in the brain, spinal cord, lung, and lymphoid tissues. Certain pathologies in ELN 380842-treated mice appeared to recapitulate findings in CatD knockout mice; specifically the autofluorescent deposits observed in the brain and spinal cord, which were associated with increases in neuronal necrosis. In addition, alpha-synuclein immunohistochemistry showed that ELN 380842 dose-dependently led to abnormal accumulation of synaptic alpha-synuclein and to the formation of abnormal, neurite-like alpha-synuclein positive structures in the brain. The neuropathology observed with ELN 380842 is likely attributable to CatD inhibition, suggesting that selectivity against this enzyme in developing a BACE inhibitor is desirable. Furthermore, use of this pharmacologic challenge may have value in developing models of synucleinopathies for Parkinson's Disease research.
New C84 Derivative and Its Application in a Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell (2006)

We report here the synthesis and characteristics of a new C84 adduct ([84]PCBM), realized via a diazoalkane addition reaction. [84]PCBM was obtained as a mixture containing three major isomers. [84]PCBM was tested in a fullerene/poly(2-methoxy-5-(3‘,7‘-dimethyloctyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene) (MDMO-PPV) bulk heterojunction solar cell as the first C84 derivative to be applied in device fabrication. Spin coating the active layer blend from 1-chloronaphthalene (the very best fullerene solvent) instead of ortho-dichlorobenzene was necessary to obtain the more efficient photovoltaic device. The PV results indicate that the hole mobility of MDMO-PPV may not be increased upon blending with [84]PCBM. This explains the relatively low ISC of the device as due to the buildup of space charge. The VOC of the device is ∼500 mV lower than that of the one with [60]PCBM, while [84]PCBM has a 350 mV higher electron affinity than [60]PCBM. This loss surpasses the linear relation between the donorHOMO−acceptorLUMO energy gap and the VOC in this type of device. A maximum power conversion efficiency of 0.25% was reached for the MDMO-PPV:[84]PCBM cells.
The assessment of antibody affinity from radioimmunoassay. (1978)

Journal Article The assessment of antibody affinity from radioimmunoassay. Get access J A Berzofsky J A Berzofsky Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 24, Issue 3, 1 March 1978, Pages 419–421, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/24.3.419 Published: 01 March 1978
Stressors related to the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change, and the Ukraine crisis, and their impact on stress symptoms in Germany: analysis of cross-sectional survey data (2022)

Abstract Background: Climate change, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the Ukraine crisis are considered unprecedented global stressors, potentially associated with serious health consequences. However, simultaneous effects of these stressors are not yet understood, making it difficult to evaluate their relative contribution to the population burden and potential future manifestations in clinically significant psychiatric disorders. This study aimed at disentangling the relative contribution of the three stressor groups on current sub-clinical stress symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional, representative survey study was conducted two months after the outbreak of the Ukraine war in Germany. Proportional quota sampling was applied for age, gender, income, and regional characteristics. Data were recruited by means of an online survey. 3094 data sets (1560 females) were included. Age ranged from 18-89 ( M : 50.4 years; SD : 17.2). The Subclinical Stress Questionnaire (SSQ-25) served as main outcome measure. In collaboration with a professional media agency, 20 items were generated to capture salient population stressors. A three-factor exploratory structural equation model confirmed the appropriateness of this scale. Results: (1) Older and male individuals report less and/or less severe stress symptoms, although effect sizes were small (range: η 2 .11 - .21). (2) Differences in subjective rankings revealed that stressors related to the Ukraine crisis were rated as most worrying, followed by climate change, and the Covid-19 pandemic (Generalized-Linear-Model: Epsilon=.97; F (1.94, 6001.14)=1026.12, p &lt; .001; η p 2 =.25). (3) In a linear regression model ( R 2 =.39), Covid-19 pandemic stressors were the only meaningful predictors for current ill-health (standardized β = .48). Ukraine crisis did not predict stress symptom profiles in the present sample. (4) Older and male individuals report less and/or less severe stress symptoms. An older age also reduced the impact of Covid-19 stressors. Conclusions: Researchers from the health sciences must consider overlapping effects from population stressors. Although the Ukraine crisis and climate change mark salient stressors, including economic threats, the Covid-19 pandemic still has a profound effect on ill-health and must be considered as a relevant factor in future manifestations of psychiatric and associated health consequences. Trial Registration: n.a.
Design and fabrication technologies for ultraviolet replicated micro-optics (2004)

A wafer scale UV replication process is described that is suitable for mass production of micro-optical components. The fabrication process is divided into two phases. In phase 1, the design and mastering is done and a wafer-sized embossing tool is fabricated. In phase 2 of the process chain, the batch fabrication process is performed. From a single embossing tool, several identical wafer-sized replicas are fabricated that are then diced into the final components. Single-sided as well as double-sided replicas can be made. The economical flexibility of the UV replication chain is demonstrated through two application examples: High-quality components that pass strict environmental tests, which compete with etched silica structures, and low-cost micro-optical components, which compete with microinjection molded parts. All UV-replicated components have in common that they exhibit excellent optical quality and pass an IR reflow process.
The crystal and molecular structure of streptomycin oxime selenate tetrahydrate (1978)

Abstract The crystal and molecular structure and absolute configuration of the antibiotic streptomycin have been determined by an X-ray study of the hydrated oxime selenate. The compound (C21H40N8O12. 1 1/2 H2SeO4.4H2O) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2, with cell dimensions a = 17.10(1), b = 14.36(1), c = 16.13(1)Å∥, β = 108.0(2)°; Z = 4 The structure was solved by the heavy-atom method, by using 3236 visually-estimated intensities, and refined to a conventional R of 0.086. The analysis has confirmed that streptomycin consists of three fragments, an N -methyl- α-L-glucosamine ring, an α-L-streptose and a streptidine ring, linked together by two glycosidic bonds. The crystal structure contains an elaborate network of hydrogen bonds linking selenate and streptomycin oxime ions and water molecules, analysis of which, though somewhat hampered by inability to observe the hydrogen atoms experimentally, reveals a disordered hydrogen bond occurring between two diad-related water molecules.
Fourier transform acousto-optic imaging with off-axis holographic detection (2021)

Acousto-optic (AO) imaging is an in-depth optical imaging technique of highly scattering media. One challenging end-application for this technique is to perform imaging of living biological tissues. Indeed, because it relies on coherent illumination, AO imaging is sensitive to speckle decorrelation occurring on the millisecond time scale. Camera-based detections are well suited for in vivo imaging provided their integration time is lower than those decorrelation time scales. We present Fourier transform acousto-optic imaging combined with off-axis holography, which relies on plane waves and long-duration pulses. We demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a two-dimensional imaging system fully compatible with in vivo imaging prerequisites. The method is validated experimentally by performing in-depth imaging inside a multiple scattering sample.
Baloxavir Treatment Delays Influenza B Virus Transmission in Ferrets and Results in Limited Generation of Drug-Resistant Variants (2021)

Clinical efficacy of the influenza antiviral baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is compromised by treatment-emergent variants harboring a polymerase acidic protein I38T (isoleucine-38-threonine) substitution. However, the fitness of I38T-containing influenza B viruses (IBVs) remains inadequately defined. After the pharmacokinetics of the compound were confirmed in ferrets, animals were injected subcutaneously with 8 mg/kg of baloxavir acid (BXA) at 24 h postinoculation with recombinant BXA-sensitive (BXA-<i>Sen</i>, I38) or BXA-resistant (BXA-<i>Res</i>, I38T) B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) virus. BXA treatment of donor ferrets reduced virus replication and delayed transmission of the BXA-<i>Sen</i> but not the BXA-<i>Res</i> IBV. The I38 genotype remained dominant in the BXA-<i>Sen</i>-infected animals, even with BXA treatment. In competitive-mixture experiments, no transmission to aerosol contacts was seen from BXA-treated donors coinfected with the BXA-<i>Sen</i> and BXA-<i>Res</i> B/Brisbane/60/2008 viruses. However, in parallel mixed infections with the B/Phuket/3073/2013 (Yamagata lineage) virus background, BXA treatment failed to block airborne transmission of the BXA-<i>Res</i> virus, and the I38T genotype generally predominated. Therefore, the relative fitness of BXA-<i>Res</i> IBVs is complex and dependent on the virus backbone and within-host virus competition. BXA treatment of single-virus-infected ferrets hampers aerosol transmission of the BXA-<i>Sen</i> virus and does not readily generate BXA-<i>Res</i> variants, whereas mixed infections may result in propagation of BXA-<i>Res</i> IBVs of the Yamagata lineage. Our findings confirm the antiviral potency of baloxavir against IBVs, while supporting optimization of the dosing regimen to maximize clinical benefit.
Craniocervical Pneumatization (2016)

Acquired CCP is exceedingly rare and, when successfully treated, reversion to normal bone may accompany symptom resolution.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Enzymes for the Catalysis of Key Reactions in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Natural Products and Analogues (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Information and Timing in Repeated Partnerships (1991)

In a repeated partnership game with imperfect monitoring, we distinguish among the effects of (1) reducing the interest rate, (2) shortening the period over which actions are held fixed, and (3) shortening the lag with which accumulated information is reported.All three changes are equivalent in games with perfect monitoring.With imperfect monitoring, reducing the interest rate always increases the possibilities for cooperation, but the other two changes always have the reverse effect when the interest rate is small.
Roll up stator development for 56 frame PM synchronous motor (2014)

The paper reports on a project which sought to implement a version of the segmented stator concept on the 56 Frame permanent magnet synchronous motor platform. The motivation behind the project was to increase the slot fill, improve material usage, and reduce motor manufacturing cost. In fact, the new product not only met initial expectations, it challenged the engineering, manufacturing, and product development teams to rethink and redesign the entire product and how it is manufactured.
Measurement of spine and total body mineral by dual-photon absorptiometry (1983)

The use of Gd-153 dual-photon absorptiometry at 43 and 100 keV to measure individual-bone and total-body bone minerals is discussed in a survey of recent studies on humans, phantoms, and monkeys. Precision errors of as low as 1 percent have been achieved in vivo, suggesting the use of sequential measurements in studies of immobilization and space-flight effects.
Electrical Conduction Mechanism of MgZn Ferrite (1997)

The resistivity of polycrystalline MgZn-ferrites (Mg1.8-xZn0.2Fe1+xO4, 0.79≤x≤1.23) was measured in the temperature range 293-393 K. It showed a maximum value near the stoichiometric composition. Analysis by complex impedance spectroscopy indicated that a potential barrier exists at the grain boundary in stoichiometric composition. According to TEM analysis, the silica concentration at the grain boundaries was higher than the silica concentration of grains. Actually, the resistance at the grain boundaries is one of order magnitude higher than the resistance of grains. This result supports the findings of both complex impedance spectroscopy analysis and TEM.
Demonstration of coherent heterodyne detection with synchronized mode-locked semiconductor lasers for secure communication application (2005)

We have demonstrated coherent heterodyne detection for an arrayed coherent receiver system based on synchronized modelocked semiconductor lasers. Dual-mode injection locking technique is employed to achieve excellent oscillator synchronization between two independent modelocked semiconductor laser systems.
TetrahymenaPoc1 ensures proper intertriplet microtubule linkages to maintain basal body integrity (2016)

Basal bodies comprise nine symmetric triplet microtubules that anchor forces produced by the asymmetric beat pattern of motile cilia. The ciliopathy protein Poc1 stabilizes basal bodies through an unknown mechanism. In poc1∆ cells, electron tomography reveals subtle defects in the organization of intertriplet linkers (A-C linkers) that connect adjacent triplet microtubules. Complete triplet microtubules are lost preferentially near the posterior face of the basal body. Basal bodies that are missing triplets likely remain competent to assemble new basal bodies with nine triplet microtubules, suggesting that the mother basal body microtubule structure does not template the daughter. Our data indicate that Poc1 stabilizes basal body triplet microtubules through linkers between neighboring triplets. Without this stabilization, specific triplet microtubules within the basal body are more susceptible to loss, probably due to force distribution within the basal body during ciliary beating. This work provides insights into how the ciliopathy protein Poc1 maintains basal body integrity.
6-Amino-3-methylpyrimidinones as Potent, Selective, and Orally Efficacious SHP2 Inhibitors (2019)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is an oncoprotein associated with cancer as well as a potential immune modulator because of its role in the programmed cell death PD-L1/PD-1 pathway. In the preceding manuscript, we described the optimization of a fused, bicyclic screening hit for potency, selectivity, and physicochemical properties in order to further expand the chemical diversity of allosteric SHP2 inhibitors. In this manuscript, we describe the further expansion of our approach, morphing the fused, bicyclic system into a novel monocyclic pyrimidinone scaffold through our understanding of SAR and use of structure-based design. These studies led to the identification of SHP394 (1), an orally efficacious inhibitor of SHP2, with high lipophilic efficiency, improved potency, and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. We also report other pyrimidinone analogues with favorable pharmacokinetic and potency profiles. Overall, this work improves upon our previously described allosteric inhibitors and exemplifies and extends the range of permissible chemical templates that inhibit SHP2 via the allosteric mechanism.
Spatial molecular layer deposition of polyamide thin films on flexible polymer substrates using a rotating cylinder reactor (2017)

Polyamide thin films were rapidly grown using spatial molecular layer deposition (MLD) in a rotating cylinder reactor. The polyamide MLD films were coated on flexible metalized polyethylene terephthalate substrates using sequential exposures of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m-phenylenediamine (mPD). The rotating cylinder reactor was housed in a custom oven enclosure that maintained a constant temperature of 115 °C. One MLD cycle (TMC/mPD) was performed per rotation of the cylinder. Polyamide growth rates of 4.5 Å/cycle or 90 Å/min were observed at a slow rotation speed of 20 revolutions per minute (RPM) at a substrate speed of 0.33 m/s. Growth rates of 2.27 Å/cycle or 477 Å/min were measured at higher rotation speeds of 210 RPM at substrate speeds of 3.5 m/s. The polyamide film thicknesses were uniform over the substrate widths as large as ∼16.5 cm. The polyamide MLD surface chemistry was also self-limiting. Constant polyamide growth rate per cycle was measured at larger TMC and mPD exposures. In addition, infrared analysis and thermal annealing studies confirmed the chemical identity of the polyamide films. With four MLD cycles per rotation of the rotating cylinder, spatial MLD should be able to obtain polymer growth rates of &amp;gt;1900 Å/min at a rotation speed of 210 RPM. These rapid growth rates are much higher than the growth rates that can be obtained in temporal MLD reactors. The spatial MLD of polyamide films has many possible applications including the deposition of ultrathin reverse osmosis membranes for water desalination.
On Top of Seismic Sampling - Benefits of High Resolution Source-Over-Streamer Acquisition (2020)

Summary Recent years have seen growing interest in improved shallow resolution images of the subsurface. This has led to ever more innovative acquisition approaches, each tailored to individual geological settings. We focus on a towed streamer acquisition in the Barents Sea which deployed five sources above the streamers for high definition imaging, along with a single source towed behind the streamer vessel to acquire long offset data for full waveform inversion. Firstly we demonstrate how accurate deblending is a key processing step to uncover the potential of these data. We then perform decimation tests so we may compare with conventional and short-offset conventional acquisition configurations. We assess the benefits of the small bin size, short offsets, and high trace density provided by the source-over-streamer acquisition. Our analysis highlights the extent to which these factors improve free surface multiple attenuation and spatial resolution of the final image. Finally we illustrate that the temporal resolution of the source-over-streamer data is similar to an equivalent nearfield hydrophone section. This comparison is made above 20 Hz, below which the nearfield hydrophone result is heavily contaminated by noise.
A Randomized Trial of Combined PD-L1 and CTLA-4 Inhibition with Targeted Low-Dose or Hypofractionated Radiation for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2021)

We demonstrate the feasibility and safety of adding LDFRT and HFRT to PD-L1/CTLA-4 blockade. Although the best response of stable disease does not support the use of concurrent PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibition with HFRT or LDFRT in this population, biomarkers provide support that both LDFRT and HFRT impact the local immune microenvironment and systemic immunogenicity that can help guide future studies.