gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of MSC Cell Therapies for Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2022)

MSC (a.k.a. mesenchymal stem cell or medicinal signaling cell) cell therapies show promise in decreasing mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and suggest benefits in treatment of COVID-19-related ARDS. We performed a meta-analysis of published trials assessing the efficacy and adverse events (AE) rates of MSC cell therapy in individuals hospitalized for COVID-19. Systematic searches were performed in multiple databases through November 3, 2021. Reports in all languages, including randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-randomized interventional trials, and uncontrolled trials, were included. Random effects model was used to pool outcomes from RCTs and non-randomized interventional trials. Outcome measures included all-cause mortality, serious adverse events (SAEs), AEs, pulmonary function, laboratory, and imaging findings. A total of 736 patients were identified from 34 studies, which included 5 RCTs (n = 235), 7 non-randomized interventional trials (n = 370), and 22 uncontrolled comparative trials (n = 131). Patients aged on average 59.4 years and 32.2% were women. When compared with the control group, MSC cell therapy was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35-0.85, I 2 = 0.0%), reduction in SAEs (IRR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14-0.90, I 2 = 0.0%) and no significant difference in AE rate. A sub-group with pulmonary function studies suggested improvement in patients receiving MSC. These findings support the potential for MSC cell therapy to decrease all-cause mortality, reduce SAEs, and improve pulmonary function compared with conventional care. Large-scale double-blinded, well-powered RCTs should be conducted to further explore these results.
337. The structure of the dinitrososulphite and sulphamate ions (1951)

G. A. Jeffrey and H. P. Stadler, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 1467 DOI: 10.1039/JR9510001467
Using Composite Backward Differentiation for Electromagnetic Transient Simulation (2018)

Electromagnetic transient simulation using a linear composite one-step 2-stage backward differentiation is discussed. The stability and accuracy of the method is found effective for the solution of stiff differential equations and thus is useful for electromagnetic transient simulation. Implementation of this method is done using the equivalent impedance approach and a comparison is made with trapezoidal integrator. Simulation results show that this method can be used at comparatively higher simulation time-steps with comparable accuracy as trapezoidal integration, but without numerical oscillations.
Effect of wall heating on turbulent boundary layers with temperature-dependent viscosity (2013)

Abstract Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent boundary layers over isothermally heated walls were performed, and the effect of viscosity stratification on the turbulence statistics and skin friction were investigated. An empirical relation for temperature-dependent viscosity for water was adopted. Based on the free-stream temperature (30°C), two wall temperatures (70°C and 99°C) were selected. In the heated flows, the turbulence energy diminishes in the buffer layer, but increases near the wall. The reduction in turbulence kinetic energy in the buffer layer is accompanied by smaller levels of Reynolds shear stresses and, hence, weaker turbulence production. The enhanced turbulence energy near the wall is attributed to enhanced transfer of energy via additional diffusion-like terms due to the viscosity stratification. Despite the lower fluid viscosity near the wall, dissipation is also increased owing to the augmented near-wall fine-scale motion. Wall heating results in reduction in the skin-friction coefficient by up to 26 %. An evaluation of the different contributions to the skin friction demonstrates that drag reduction is primarily due to the changes in the Reynolds shear stresses across the boundary layer. Quadrant and octant analyses showed that ejections (Q2) and sweeps (Q4) are significantly reduced, a result further supported by an examination of outer vortical structures from linear stochastic estimation of the ejection events and spanwise vortices.
418 A Review of Timelines and Reporters of Adverse Events From Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) That Are Conveyed to the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Recent publications have described potential PPI-associated adverse events (AEs) including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) and renal disease (acute interstitial nephritis and CKD). There is public interest and potential for lawsuits for these and other PPI-related AEs. The FAERS is a database of voluntarily reported AEs used for post-marketing surveillance of medications. The aim of this study is to analyze reports of all PPI-associated-AEs to FAERS, focusing on reporter sources. This permits an understanding of the effect of published high-profile PPI-associated AEs on FDA drug surveillance. METHODS: A total of 9,144,290 FAERS reports from January 2013 to December 2018 were examined. Analysis of all Primary PPI-related AEs were included (C. difficile, microscopic colitis, atrophic gastritis, hypergastrinemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, vitamin malabsorption, pneumonia, CVD, CVA, renal disease, drug-induced lupus, and dementia). AEs were defined by MedDRA terminology. All reports were categorized according to reporter source (physicians, pharmacists, other health care professionals, consumers, and lawyers). RESULTS: Until 2018, overall reporting of PPI-related AEs generally showed steady changes over time. In 2015 there were 7,024 reports for all PPI-related AEs, in 2016, there were 8,043, and in 2017, there were 7,682. Notably, in 2018, reports for all PPI-related AEs spiked to 14,607. For specific AEs, reports for renal disease and CVD from consumers showed marked increases. In 2015 consumers reported 427 CVD cases and 494 renal cases, while consumers reported 627 CVD cases and 1,155 renal cases in 2018 (Figure 1). Reports for lawyers and physicians for CVD and renal disease both increased between 2015 and 2018. Physicians had an increase from 368 to 503 cases of CVD (36.7% increase) and from 676 cases to 1,112 of renal disease (64.5% increase), while lawyers had an increase of 49 cases of CVD to 99 cases of CVD (102% increase) and increase of 4 cases to 974 of renal disease (24,250% increase). This resulted in a rise in percentage of total reports from lawyers (Figures 2 and 3). CONCLUSION: Consumers are increasing reporting of CVD and renal disease associated with PPI use. The rapid increase in reports of PPI-associated CVD and especially renal disease by lawyers suggests that lawyers are a potential source of interference on pharmacovigilance.
F18 Micro X-ray Fluorescence as a High Throughput, Double Combinatorial Screening Tool (2005)

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Study of acid diffusion in resist near the glass transition temperature (1999)

The diffusion of p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA), a photoacid, in novolac was investigated at temperatures below and just above the glass transition temperature (Tg=91 °C) using a technique based on ellipsometry. Bilayer samples consisting of a blended film of novolac and PTSA and a film of pure novolac were held at a constant temperature for a known period of time and then quenched. The diffusion of PTSA from the supply layer into the initially pure novolac transforms the initial step function profile in refractive index to a more diffuse gradient in refractive index. Ellipsometry data from the samples could be analyzed to obtain diffusion coefficients using a Fickian model of diffusion and the experimentally determined dependence of the index of refraction as a function of PTSA concentration. The values of the diffusion coefficients were 10−14 to 10−12 cm2/s for temperatures between 50 and 95 °C. The activation energy for diffusion below the glass transition temperature was 67 kJ/mol. At 95 °C, just above Tg of novolac, the diffusion coefficient and activation energy increased significantly. This simple and convenient experimental technique provides useful data for the optimization of resist processing.
Vivid: A framework for combining diagrammatic and symbolic reasoning (2005)

We introduce Vivid, a domain-independent framework for heterogeneous natural deduction that combines diagrammatic and sentential reasoning. The framework is presented in the form of a family of denotational proof languages (DPLs). Diagrams are represented as possibly partial descriptions of finite system states. This allows us to deal with incomplete information, which we formalize by admitting sets as attribute values. We introduce a notion of attribute interpretations that enables us to interpret first-order signatures into such system states, and develop a formal semantic framework based on Kleene’s strong three-valued logic. We extend the assumption-base semantics of DPLs to accommodate diagrammatic reasoning by introducing general inference mechanisms for the valid extraction of information from diagrams and for the incorporation of sentential information into diagrams. A rigorous big-step operational semantics is given, on the basis of which we prove that our framework is sound.
Simulation Informed Effects of Solidification Rate on 316L Single Tracks Produced by Selective Laser Melting (2020)

Abstract The formation of sub-grain cellular structures generated during the rapid solidification associated with selective laser melting (SLM) typically yields enhanced mechanical properties in terms of yield stress without considerable loss in ductility when compared with those of wrought material. The extent to which the sub-grain structure appears under standard metallographic preparation shows dependence on multiple systematic conditions. This study identifies the effects of solidification and cooling rate on the grain and sub-grain structure in stainless steel through varying the processing parameters (laser power, scan velocity and spot size) of single tracks on both as-received, small grain and annealed, giant grain substrates. The process parameters, in conjunction with the initial substrate microstructure, are key components in understanding the resulting microstructure. Process parameters, particularly scan velocity, dictate the solidification rate and primary regrowth directions while the initial microstructure and its thermomechanical history dictate the propensity for stored strain energy density. Modeling the thermal process allows for experimental analysis within the context of predicted location within processing space as it pertains to local interface velocity and temperature gradient. Furthermore, it highlights the fact that this specific material system behaves in a manner that is inconsistent with classical solidification theory.
Orientation-Dependent Dissolution of Iron Whiskers (1965)

The dissolution kinetics of iron filamentary single crystals in dilute acidic environments were shown to obey the topographical theorems proposed by Frank to describe etch-rate anisotropy. Successive dissolution profiles of iron whiskers were observed in situ. by using time-lapse motion picture photomicroscopy. Reluctance diagrams constructed from these dissolution shapes agreed very favorably with experimentally measured dissolution rates and in this way demonstrated the validity of Frank's theory to metallic substrates. A three-dimensional reluctance surface for iron whiskers having 〈111〉 growth axes inferred from the experimental data was consistent with known relative magnitudes of anisotropic dissolution rates; in fact, the reluctance plots constructed according to the kinematic theory were seen to be two-dimensional sections of this surface.
Differential Impact of IL-32 Isoforms on the Functions of Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells: A Potential Link with Arterial Stiffness and Atherosclerosis (2023)

Chronic inflammation is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people living with HIV (PLWH). We have previously shown that interleukin-32 (IL-32), a multi-isoform proinflammatory cytokine, is chronically upregulated in PLWH and is linked with CVD. However, the mechanistic roles of the different IL-32 isoforms in CVD are yet to be identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential impact of IL-32 isoforms on coronary artery endothelial cells (CAEC), whose dysfunction represents a major factor for atherosclerosis. Our results demonstrated that the predominantly expressed IL-32 isoforms (IL-32β and IL-32γ) have a selective impact on the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 by CAEC. Furthermore, these two isoforms induced endothelial cell dysfunction by upregulating the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-I and VCAM-I and the chemoattractants CCL-2, CXCL-8 and CXCL-1. IL-32-mediated expression of these chemokines was sufficient to drive monocyte transmigration in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate that IL-32 expression in both PLWH and controls correlates with the carotid artery stiffness, measured by the cumulated lateral translation. These results suggest a role for IL-32-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction in dysregulation of the blood vessel wall and that IL-32 may represent a therapeutic target to prevent CVD in PLWH.
Use of MIR-FTIR and k-value Measurements to Assess Potential Solutions to Reduce Damage During Porous Low-k Integration (2009)

Multiple Internal Reflection (MIR) FTIR is used to assess the impact of potentially damaging BEOL integration process steps such as Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) and NH3-based plasmas on a k=2.55 porous interlayer dielectric. The NH3 plasma is found to be very damaging, and a He plasma prior to the same NH3 plasma leads to a damage reduction. The impact of CMP is also confirmed and leads to an equivalent k-value degradation as a He + NH3 plasma. In order to reduce the integration damage, the addition of a low-k protective cap layer (k=3.3) is proposed. The required thickness to avoid impact from CMP and NH3-based plasmas is found to be 10 nm after CMP (Kstack=2.60 with 10 nm cap). As a result, those process steps are no longer a concern with this integration route.
Asymptotic Analysis of Reduced-Rank Chip-Level MMSE Equalizers in the Downlink of CDMA Systems (2007)

International audience
Dynamics of an Imperfect Microbeam Considering its Exact Shape (2014)

We study the static and dynamic behavior of electrically actuated micromachined arches. First, we conduct experiments on micromachined polysilicon beams by driving them electrically and varying their amplitude and frequency of voltage loads. The results reveal several interesting nonlinear phenomena of jumps, hysteresis, and softening behaviors. Next, we conduct analytical and theoretical investigation to understand the experiments. First, we solve the Eigen value problem analytically. We study the effect of the initial rise on the natural frequency and mode shapes, and use a Galerkin-based procedure to derive a reduced order model, which is then used to solve both the static and dynamic responses. We use two symmetric modes in the reduced order model to have accurate and converged results. We use long time integration to solve the nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and then modify our model using effective length to match experimental results. To further improve the matching with the experimental data, we curve-fit the exact profile of the microbeam to match the experimentally measured profile and use it in the reduced-order model to generate frequency-response curves. Finally, we use another numerical technique, the shooting technique, to solve the nonlinear ordinary differential equations. By using shooting and the curve fitted function, we found that we get good agreement with the experimental data.
A new concept of semi-active suspension with controllable damper and spring (2009)

The problem considered in this paper is the design and analysis of implementable architectures for semi-active suspensions characterized by a regulation of both damping and stiffness coefficients. The first contribution of this paper is the introduction of a suspension architecture that makes possible the emulation of the behavior of an ideal suspension with variable spring by using only shock absorbers. Taking into account the comfort objective, a full analysis on the advantages and drawbacks of this kind of suspension is provided. This paper proposes a very simple novel comfort-oriented stiffness-damping control algorithm to highlight the benefits provided by this system.
Cell Degradation Detection based on an Inter-Cell Approach (2017)

Fault management is a crucial part of cellular network management systems. The status of the base stations is usually monitored by well-defined key performance indicators (KPIs). The approaches for cell degradation detection are based on either intra-cell or inter-cell analysis of the KPIs. In intra-cell analysis, KPI profiles are built based on their local history data whereas in inter-cell analysis, KPIs of one cell are compared with the corresponding KPIs of the other cells. In this work, we argue in favor of the inter-cell approach and apply a degradation detection method that is able to detect a sleeping cell that could be difficult to observe using traditional intra-cell methods. We demonstrate its use for detecting emulated degradations among performance data recorded from a live LTE network. The method can be integrated in current systems because it can operate using existing KPIs without any major modification to the network infrastructure.
Mollisin: A Promising Antifungal Natural Product (2015)

Mollisin is a fungal secondary metabolite produced by several Mollisia species, which has been known for decades to exhibit antifungal activities. Recently, more than 60 years after its first isolation, the first total synthesis of this naphthoquinone pigment was reported enabling access to various analogues for further investigation of its biological activity. It was revealed that mollisin and its analogues show not only a good inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi, but also possess interesting pharmacological activities.
Microstructure, Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Arc Ion Plated Titanium Dioxide on Polyetheretherketone (2011)

The arc ion plating (AIP) technique is known to be capable of providing high film deposition rate and strong film adhesion. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is characterized by its high chemical stability, photocatalysis and biocompatibility nature. The present study employed AIP to deposit TiO2 onto polyetheretherketone (PEEK) at low temperature. This study investigates the microstructure, mechanical and electrochemical properties of the TiO2 coatings as affected by the coating variables for some possible applications. The experimental results indicate that a crystallinic columnar film containing a controllable ratio of anatase to rutile phase can be prepared. The pencil hardness of the PEEK material graded as 4H was increased to over 9H by AIP-TiO2 coating. The film adhesion of the AIP-TiO2 coating can ultimately reach a critical load of 15 N and is associated with its deposition condition, but exhibits the cohesive failure mode (of the scratch scar) regardless of its deposition condition. The polarization behavior of the TiO2 coating in 3.5 wt.% NaCl electrolyte reveals that the AIP-TiO2 coating presents a greater electrochemical inertness if the rutile phase exists. The coating is, however, close to the electrochemical behavior of graphite material in all cases.
An adaptive clinical trial design to identify the target dose of tenecteplase for treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (2022)

The proposed design allows evaluation of a greater number of dose levels than would be possible with a non-adaptive design and avoids the need to choose either the continuous or the dichotomized analysis strategy for the primary endpoint.
Towards Multi-Band WDM Systems with Hundreds of Terabit/s Transported on one Single-Mode Fiber (2021)

Optical networks are facing a tremendous growth of their traffic that can reach up to 40% per year. Multi-band WDM systems have the potential to transmit up to ~200 Tbps over few hundreds of kilometers on one single-mode fiber. We will review the techniques (in particular, optical amplification) that make these systems work.
Cost effective energy information system for cement manufacturers (2012)

Cement plants worldwide share a multitude of business and operational challenges, ranging from increasing plant availability and production to cutting energy consumption per ton, in addition to taking control of emissions. Over the last 10 years, there have been very significant improvements in the reduction in energy per ton of production in cement manufacturing in some countries; however, cement companies are now struggling to identify more opportunities to reduce their energy per unit of production, or even to compare site to site or line to line. Modern information and communication technologies (ICT) might be an answer; however, complex ICT solutions often have a very poor success rate, with some reports suggesting 30% of complex ICT projects are canceled before they are completed. This industry requires a solution that is affordable and tailored for cement manufacturers, meaning a solution that would eliminate complexity and adaptations that increase the likelihood of the ICT project's failure. This paper proposes a simple and cost-effective information system dedicated for cement manufacturers that is able to provide energy and production data together, thereby exposing opportunities to optimize the energy per ton. Additionally, we will be focused on key indicators of the cement industry that can be automatically monitored with the implementation of this solution.
Preconception Care for the Type 2 Diabetic Mother: A Review on Current Care Guidelines (2009)

Preconception counseling has been a public health dilemma for many years as industrialized nations try to reconcile their fortitude in medicine with their poor pregnancy outcomes. Prior to the Center for Disease Controls (CDC) national recommendations in 2006, survey data showed that many providers were not addressing this stage in a womens life. Only 1 of 6 Primary Care Providers in the United States provided preconception care for women prior to their prenatal care. This problem is further complicated by chronic diseases that are now appearing in women of reproductive age. Globally, diabetes will increase by more than 50% in the next 10 years. This has translated into a 76% increase in prevalence among women in the last 25 years. However, this proportional increase has not translated into better care. This paper will summarize the need for preconception care for the Type 2 diabetic woman, look at challenges in the first trimester, and offer a literature review of the clinical guidelines for the primary care provider, obstetrician, and the endocrinologist.