gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CLONALITY STUDIES IN SACRAL CHORDOMA (2008)

To determine whether sacral chordoma is monoclonal or polyclonal in origin, a new assay to study the polymorphic human androgen receptor locus (HUMARA) was applied. The ratio of maternal inactive X-chromosone to the paternal inactive X (Lyon hypothesis) was determined via a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Seven of seven informative samples showed a polyclonal proliferation pattern. This study suggests that chordomas are more comparable to mesenchymal neoplasms than to monoclonal hematopoeitic neoplasms. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sacral chordoma is monoclonal or polyclonal in origin via a new molecular genetic assay of the x-chromosome. A polyclonal proliferation pattern was identified in all informative samples studied. Characterization of the genetic tumorigenesis of this unpredictable neoplasm may lend insight into its biological behavior and offer novel therapeutic intervention. Utilizing a new assay to study the polymorphic human androgen receptor locus (HUMARA), the ratio of maternal inactive X-chromosome to the paternal inactive X (Lyon hypothesis) is determined via a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to detect X-chromosome polymorphisms. Eight female chordoma patients had their DNA harvested and their x-chromosome inactivation pattern and polymorphisms determined and compared to control. A polyclonal proliferation pattern was identified in seven of seven informative samples. The eighth sample showed a single x chromosome allele in normal and tumor tissue and was thus viewed as uninformative.
Revet: A Language and Compiler for Dataflow Threads (2023)

Spatial dataflow architectures such as reconfigurable dataflow accelerators (RDA) can provide much higher performance and efficiency than CPUs and GPUs. In particular, vectorized reconfigurable dataflow accelerators (vRDA) in recent literature represent a design point that enhances the efficiency of dataflow architectures with vectorization. Today, vRDAs can be exploited using either hardcoded kernels or MapReduce languages like Spatial, which cannot vectorize data-dependent control flow. In contrast, CPUs and GPUs can be programmed using general-purpose threaded abstractions. The ideal combination would be the generality of a threaded programming model coupled with the efficient execution model of a vRDA. We introduce Revet: a programming model, compiler, and execution model that lets threaded applications run efficiently on vRDAs. The Revet programming language uses threads to support a broader range of applications than Spatial's parallel patterns, and our MLIR-based compiler lowers this language to a generic dataflow backend that operates on streaming tensors. Finally, we show that mapping threads to dataflow outperforms GPUs, the current state-of-the-art for threaded accelerators, by 3.8x.
Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium (2019)

These updated definitions of IFDs should prove applicable in clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiologic research of a broader range of patients at high-risk.
Review—Textile Based Chemical and Physical Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring (2020)

The emergence of textile-based wearable sensors as light-weight portable devices to monitor desired parameters, has recently gained much interest and has led to the development of flexible electronics on non-rigid substrates. The flexible biosensors may result in improved sports performance, to monitor the desired bodies for injuries, improved clinical diagnostics and monitor biological molecules and ions in biological fluids such as saliva, sweat. In addition, they could help users with different types of disorders such as blindness. In this context, new composite and nanomaterials have been found to be promising candidates to obtain improved performance of the textile based wearable devices and to optimize the structures for intimate contact with the skin for better functionality. This review aims to provide the most recent cutting-edge information on emergence, fabrication, materials, and applications of chemical and physical flexible and stretchable textile-based (bio)sensors. Besides this, we discusss the recent key innovations and applications of textile-based sensors in healthcare.
Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents Incorporating Trioctylphosphine Oxide: Advanced Liquid Extractants (2018)

A low viscosity, hydrophobic eutectic solvent based on trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) has been developed and characterized, and its use as an extractant demonstrated for liquid–liquid separation of uranyl nitrate from aqueous acid. This strategy of liquefying the active extracting agent as a eutectic liquid produced liquids that contain an intrinsically high concentration of TOPO (ca. 80 wt %, 1.875 mol L–1 at χTOPO = 0.50) and renders the use of an organic (hydrocarbon) diluent redundant.
A Process-Tolerant Ring Modulator Based on Multi-Mode Waveguides (2016)

We present a novel 3.3-μm radius ring modulator design with dramatically reduced resonance wavelength variations. By implementing a multi-mode waveguide design for the ring waveguides, phase errors from processing non-idealities in waveguide width and etching depth are significantly reduced. Measured resonance wavelengths from four 200-mm wafers fabricated in a commercial 130-nm CMOS foundry showed a total of ~5-nm peak-to-peak variation, which is only about 1/6 of the free spectral range of the ring design. With this tighter control over the absolute resonance positions, the tuning range and tuning power requirements of the ring modulators can be significantly reduced, which in turn enhances their functionality for applications in high density, energy-efficient high-performance computing systems.
Brain Tumor Diagnosis Support System: A Decision Fusion Framework (2020)

The early and accurate detection of brain tumors is important in providing effective and efficient therapy and thus can result in increased survival rates. Current image-based tumor detection and diagnosis methods depend heavily on the interpretation of the neuro specialists and/or radiologists. Therefore, it is quite possible for the interpretation process to be time-consuming, and prone to human error and subjectivity. Automatic detection and classification of brain tumors have the potential to achieve efficiency and higher degree of predictable accuracy. However, it is well established that the accuracy performance of automatic detection and classification techniques varies from technique to technique, and tends to be image modality dependent. Thus, it is prudent to explore the variability in the performance of these techniques as a means to achieve consistent high accuracy performance. This paper presents a framework for fusing multiple tumor classifiers. The fusion process is based on the Dempster Shafer evidence fusion theory. Several tumor classifiers are employed. Experimental results will be presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed framework. It is concluded that fusing the classification decisions made by the various classifiers it is conceivable that efficient and consistent high accuracy classification performance can be attained.
On the Exact Solution of the Minimal Controllability Problem (2018)

This paper studies the minimal controllability problem (MCP), i.e., the problem of, given a linear time-invariant system, finding the sparsest input vector that ensures system’s controllability. We show that the MCP can be exactly solved by (polynomially) reducing it to the minimum set covering problem, when the system dynamics matrix A is simple and the left-eigenbasis associated to A is known. In addition, we also show that the approximated solutions to the minimum set covering problem lead to feasible (sub-optimal) solutions to the MCP; hence, bounds on the optimality gap can be immediately obtained from existing literature on approximation algorithms to the minimum set covering problem. Further, we prove that under the same assumption the decision version of the minimal controllability problem is NP-complete, i.e., there exists an input vector that ensures system’s controllability and at most a prescribed number of nonzero entries. Another contribution is the fact that we analyze the relation of the MCP with its structural counterpart, the minimal structural controllability problem (MSCP) which is known to admit a polynomial complexity solution procedure. We provide an illustrative example where the solution to the MCP is found using the main results and reductions developed in this paper; in particular, we show that the solution to the MSCP is not a solution to MCP even when the dynamic matrix considered to the MCP is simple; hence, disproving the general belief that a solution to MSCP is a solution to MCP when the dynamic matrix is simple, and the eigenbasis structure known.
Effect of Additional Elements to Solder Coatings on Solderability (2004)

This paper presents the suitability of solders for solder-coating of surface mount wiring boards. We found that the degradation of solderability is due to the growth of Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds and subsequent oxidation of the Cu. Adding Cu to the solder-coating inhibits the growth of Cu-Sn compounds by reducing Cu diffusion. Adding Ge or In prevents the oxidation of Cu by forming a Ge- or In-rich layer on the surface. Solder-coatings with Sn-Pb solder containing these elements have good solderability.
FLUORAPATITE/SODIUM NITRATE AS A SOLID SUPPORT FOR THE KNOEVENAGEL REACTION (2001)

The Knoevenagel reaction is assisted by sodium nitrate/fluorapatite in heterogeneous media. The reaction is carried out between an activated methylene and an aldehyde at room temperature without a solvent. The yields obtained are very high.
Missense mutations inTENM4, a regulator of axon guidance and central myelination, cause essential tremor (2015)

Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder with an estimated prevalence of 5% of the population aged over 65 years. In spite of intensive efforts, the genetic architecture of ET remains unknown. We used a combination of whole-exome sequencing and targeted resequencing in three ET families. In vitro and in vivo experiments in oligodendrocyte precursor cells and zebrafish were performed to test our findings. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a missense mutation in TENM4 segregating in an autosomal-dominant fashion in an ET family. Subsequent targeted resequencing of TENM4 led to the discovery of two novel missense mutations. Not only did these two mutations segregate with ET in two additional families, but we also observed significant over transmission of pathogenic TENM4 alleles across the three families. Consistent with a dominant mode of inheritance, in vitro analysis in oligodendrocyte precursor cells showed that mutant proteins mislocalize. Finally, expression of human mRNA harboring any of three patient mutations in zebrafish embryos induced defects in axon guidance, confirming a dominant-negative mode of action for these mutations. Our genetic and functional data, which is corroborated by the existence of a Tenm4 knockout mouse displaying an ET phenotype, implicates TENM4 in ET. Together with previous studies of TENM4 in model organisms, our studies intimate that processes regulating myelination in the central nervous system and axon guidance might be significant contributors to the genetic burden of this disorder.
A complex resistance locus in Solanum americanum recognizes a conserved Phytophthora effector (2020)

Abstract Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans greatly constrains potato production. Many Resistance (R) genes were cloned from wild Solanum species and/or introduced into potato cultivars by breeding. However, individual R genes have been overcome by P. infestans evolution; durable resistance remains elusive. We positionally cloned a new R gene, Rpi-amr1 , from Solanum americanum , that encodes an NRC helper-dependent CC-NLR protein. Rpi-amr1 confers resistance in potato to all 19 P. infestans isolates tested. Using association genomics and long-read RenSeq, we defined eight additional Rpi-amr1 alleles from different S. americanum and related species. Despite only ∼90% identity between Rpi-amr1 proteins, all confer late blight resistance but differentially recognize Avramr1 orthologs and paralogs. We propose that Rpi-amr1 gene family diversity facilitates detection of diverse paralogs and alleles of the recognized effector, enabling broad-spectrum and durable resistance against P. infestans .
Preparation and analysis of porous silicon multilayers for spectral encoding applications (2009)

Abstract This paper compares two methods used to encode information into the optical spectrum of a porous Si film using a modulated current‐time waveform. In the first approach, a waveform consisting of a sequence of current steps is used to produce a porous silicon multilayer structure. Each layer in the multilayer acts as a Fabry‐Perot interference film, and the superposition of their contributions results in a complicated reflectivity spectrum. The spectrum can be deconvoluted by means of a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), which yields the optical thickness of each of the individual layers and their combinations.The second type of waveform consists of several superimposed cosine waves of differing frequencies. The resulting reflectivity spectrum consists of a series of peaks, each of whose position in the spectrum (frequency at which a peak is at maximum amplitude) corresponds to the frequency of a cosine wave component in the current‐time waveform. The two methods of encoding information are compared in terms of repeatability, tunability, and information capacity. The superimposed cosinusoidal waves are found to provide greater information density and a simpler means of decoding. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time Course of Satisfaction of Search (1991)

"Satisfaction of search" (SOS) refers to the effect in which a second lesion remains undetected after detection of another lesion on the same radiograph. The objective of this study was to clarify our understanding of SOS by relating it to total time of inspection and time intervals before, between, and after discovery of lesions. Detection accuracy of native lesions in chest radiographs, before and after the addition of a simulated nodular lesion, was measured for ten observers. Analysis of data from this and a previous experiment showed that average perceptual accuracy of individual receiver operating characteristic curves was significantly reduced with the addition of the nodules. Plots and analyses of search time revealed that, on average, during a typical 46-second inspection of a case, simulated nodules were found at 18 seconds, native abnormalities at 25 seconds, and false positives occurred at 33 seconds. Time needed to find nodules did not depend on whether native lesions were present; time to find native lesions did not change with addition of nodules; and total search time was the same for images with one, two, or no lesions. The detection results show that the SOS effect was obtained, but that interrupting search in order to measure it also diminishes accuracy. Analysis of the time course data relates SOS to perceptual capture and strategic halting of search.
ChemInform Abstract: Behaviors of α‐Fluorocarbenoids Derived from the Nucleophilic Desulfinylation of α‐Chloro‐α‐fluoroalkyl Sulfoxides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 production and Cr(vi) reduction of a ZnIn2S4/MoS2 heterojunction synthesized by the biomolecule-assisted microwave heating method (2020)

Photocatalytic applications of flower-like ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> composite, synthesized by biomolecule-assisted microwave heating method, in H<sub>2</sub> evolution and Cr(<sc>vi</sc>) reduction reactions.
A Comparison Study of the Model Based SOC Estimation Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2013)

Four model based SOC estimation methods for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are studied and compared in this paper. The equivalent model of the battery is described and the state function of the model is deduced. The analysis of the four model based SOC estimation methods are given. The simulation is established to evaluate the four methods. The urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) current profiles are applied to simulate the drive situations of an electrified vehicle. Simulation results are depicted and analyzed to compare the four model based SOC estimation methods.
RITUXIMAB PLUS GEMCITABINE AND OXALIPLATIN (R‐GemOx) IN REFRACTORY/RELAPSED (R/R) DLBCL. A REAL LIFE STUDY IN PATIENTS INELIGIBLE FOR AUTOLOGOUS TRANSPLANTATION (2019)

Introduction: There is no standard treatment of refractory or relapsed (R/R) patients (pts) with DLBCL ineligible for stem cell autologous transplantation (ASCT). However, R-GemOx is widely used in these circumstances. We here report the results of a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patient treated in two academic centers in France. The main objectives were to evaluate the activity and safety profile of this regimen in a large series of R/R DLBCL pts in a real life setting. Methods: Patients selected had to have de novo or transformed DLBCL, R/R after at least one line of treatment containing doxorubicin and rituximab, to be ineligible for ASCT and to have received at least one cycle of R-GEMOX. Rituximab 375 mg/m2 was administered on D1, gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on D2 and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 on D2 as previously described (Mounier N. et al. Haematologica. 2013;98:1726–31.). Cycles were given every 2 weeks and 8 cycles were planned if at least a partial response (PR) was obtained after 4 cycles. Results: Between May 2002 and May 2017, 196 pts were treated. Baseline characteristics were: median age: 72 y (range, 24-89), international prognostic index (IPI) 3-5: 63%, refractory state to last treatment (tx): 42%, history of indolent lymphoma: 45%, prior ASCT: 16%. The median number of previous line was 1 (range 1-7) with 112 pts having received R-GemOx in second line. One hundred and thirty-six pts received at least 4 cycles, and 61 completed 8 cycles. After 4 cycles, the overall response rate (ORR) according to IWC (Cheson 1999 or 2007) was 54 % and the complete response (CR) rate was 23 %. At the end of treatment, the ORR and CR rates were 38 % and 33 %, respectively. With a median follow-up of 22 months, median (m) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 5 and 10 months (mo), respectively. mOS was significantly longer in case of prior history of indolent lymphoma (21 vs 8 mo, p < 0.001), age<75y (16 v 7mo, p < 0.001), IPI <3 (p < 0.001), non-refractory status to last treatment (18 v 7mo, p < 0.001). The mOS of patients who attained a CR was 40 mo. Among pts who were treated with R-GemOx in second line, the CR rate was similar (32%), the same factors influenced the OS and duration of a first remission longer than 12 months was a favorable factor (p=0.006). The most common toxicities during treatment were hematological and manageable. Grade 3-4 toxicities occurred in 23% of pts. Grade 1-2 peripheral neuropathy related to oxaliplatin was observed in 26%. Conclusion: This real life study of R/R DLBCL, confirms the activity and a safety of R-GemOx. This combination represents a possible platform to be combined with targeted therapies as it is currently proposed with nivolumab in the NIVEAU trial (NCT03366272). However, facing this very high unmet medical need, development of new approaches including CAR T-cells should also be considered in this patient population. Keywords: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); gemcitabine.
Linear Polarization of Photons Emitted from Excited Hydrogen Atoms Formed above Metal Surfaces (2010)

Abstract This paper presents theoretical results for linear polarization of Lyman‐α and Balmer‐α emission following single electron capture by hydrogen nuclei to excited levels above Mo surfaces. The polarization degrees are evaluated for photons from the hydrogen atoms outgoing along surface normal with translation velocities of 0.05‐1 au. In this geometry, the excited states are aligned with respect to the surface normal (quantization axis). Finite polarization degrees are obtained for electric‐dipole photons emitted at right angle to the surface normal; the linear polarization preferentially along the surface plane at lower translation velocities turns to the surface normal at higher velocities (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The mid-infrared polarization of the Herbig Ae star WL 16: an interstellar origin? (2016)

We present high-resolution (0.4 arcsec) mid-infrared (mid-IR) polarimetric images and spectra of WL 16, a Herbig Ae star at a distance of 125 pc. WL 16 is surrounded by a protoplanetary disc of ∼ 900 au in diameter, making it one of the most extended Herbig Ae/Be discs as seen in the mid-IR. The star is behind, or embedded in, the ρ Ophiuchus molecular cloud, and obscured by 28 mag of extinction at optical wavelengths by the foreground cloud. Mid-IR polarization of WL 16 mainly arises from aligned elongated dust grains present along the line of sight, suggesting a uniform morphology of polarization vectors with an orientation of 33|$^\circ$|(east from north) and a polarization fraction of ∼ 2.0 per cent. This orientation is consistent with previous polarimetric surveys in the optical and near-IR bands to probe large-scale magnetic fields in the Ophiuchus star formation region, indicating that the observed mid-IR polarization towards WL 16 is produced by the dichroic absorption of magnetically aligned foreground dust grains by a uniform magnetic field. Using polarizations of WL 16 and Elias 29, a nearby polarization standard star, we constrain the polarization efficiency, p10.3/A10.3, for the dust grains in the ρ Ophiuchus molecular cloud to be ≃1.0 per cent mag−1. WL 16 has polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features detected at 8.6, 11.2, 12.0, and 12.7 μm by our spectroscopic data, and we find an anticorrelation between the PAH surface brightness and the PAH ionization fraction between the north-west and south-west sides of the disc.
The Analysis and Synthesis of Tartan-type Designs Using Basic Computer Graphic Techniques (2015)

A woven fabric consists of two assemblies of parallel yarns superimposed (or interlaced), one on the other, at ninety degrees. Where each of the two assemblies of yarns is arranged in a particular colour sequence, a specific category of woven cloth known as a 'tartan', with a characteristic check-type design, may be created. Check-type cloth has been produced worldwide, but it was in Scotland where a complex set of rules evolved and tartan of different types became associated traditionally with different families, groups or 'clans'. This paper identifies and introduces a selection of tartans and suggests innovative methods for the analysis and possible synthesis of new tartan-type designs. Index Terms - Tartan, proportion, computer graphics