gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
196 TLR9-activated B cells directly license adoptively transferred CD8+ T cells with potent tumor immunity (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> The use of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive cell therapy has substantially improved outcomes for many patients with advanced malignancies. However, a majority of these patients still do not respond or relapse. Thus, extensive efforts are being made to improve these therapies. We and others have demonstrated that adoptive cell therapy can be improved by the co-administration of TLR agonists intratumorally. TLR agonists have also been administered to patients alongside a number of other immunotherapies, but often induce toxic side effects that may be exacerbated by cell therapy. We hypothesized that TLR agonists could alternatively be used in ex vivo cell culture to propagate a more potent cell therapy product. <h3>Methods</h3> To address our question, we used a transgenic mouse model of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, pmel-1, in which CD8+ T cells express a TCR specific for a melanoma/melanocyte antigen. We activated CD8+ pmel-1 T cells with APCs and the Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, CpG. Cell therapy efficacy was determined against mice bearing established B16F10 melanoma. Mechanisms underlying TLR-improved T cell products were determined using ex vivo cell depletion strategies and blocking antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> CpG-expanded pmel-1 T cell products were much more effective against B16F10 melanoma in vivo than traditionally expanded T cells; they conferred more durable antitumor responses and improved survival of mice. CD8+ T cells generated in the presence of CpG also had heightened engraftment and persistence in the mice. We found that CpG did not act directly on T cells in culture, but on B cells, as depletion of B cells alone (not DCs, macrophages, NK cells, or CD4 cells) ablated the effects of CpG. B cells in CpG-treated cultures expressed a unique cytokine profile and upregulated several costimulatory markers on their cell surface, so we next questioned whether CpG improved the B cell/T cell axis via a direct or indirect (soluble) factor. Together, cell supernatant transfer experiments and costimulatory blockade experiments revealed that the direct interaction between B and T cells was required for the CpG-mediated improvement of the T cell product. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings reveal a novel role for B cells in the generation of potent CD8+ T cell therapies against an aggressive solid tumor. These findings highlight a unique way B cells can become powerful APCs for generating effective antitumor CD8+ T cells and can be directly translated to improve cell therapy products for patients with advanced malignancies. <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> All animal procedures performed at the Medical University of South Carolina or Emory University were approved by each university’s Institutional Animal Care &amp; Use Committee, protocol number 0488 or 201900225, respectively.
Mobile agent security with the IPEditor development tool and the mobile UNITY language (2001)

Many people consider that security is one of the biggest problems for practical use of mobile agents that move around the network and do their tasks. In this paper, we assert that this issue can be effectively managed by using IPEditor, the development support tool of mobile multi-agent applications that we have been released, and Mobile UNITY, a formal specification language of mobile agent applications. IPEditor helps developers to design applications with visual supports of agent behaviors. In our method, we translate an IPEditor model to a Mobile UNITY program that is the formal specification of the agent behaviors. In addition, we describe the security requirements by the Mobile UNITY logic notation. Thus we can verify the security requirements by proving that the mobile UNITY program, therefore the IPEditor model, satisfies the mobile UNITY logic notation. We present an example of an electronic catalog (e-catalog) application and illustrate the effectiveness of our proposal.
Conserved molecular signatures of neurogenesis in the hippocampal subgranular zone of rodents and primates (2013)

The neurogenic potential of the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus is likely to be regulated by molecular cues arising from its complex heterogeneous cellular environment. Through transcriptome analysis using laser microdissection coupled with DNA microarrays, in combination with analysis of genome-wide in situ hybridization data, we identified 363 genes selectively enriched in adult mouse SGZ. These genes reflect expression in the different constituent cell types, including progenitor and dividing cells, immature granule cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and GABAergic interneurons. Similar transcriptional profiling in the rhesus monkey dentate gyrus across postnatal development identified a highly overlapping set of SGZ-enriched genes, which can be divided based on temporal profiles to reflect maturation of glia versus granule neurons. Furthermore, we identified a neurogenesis-related gene network with decreasing postnatal expression that is highly correlated with the declining number of proliferating cells in dentate gyrus over postnatal development. Many of the genes in this network showed similar postnatal downregulation in mouse, suggesting a conservation of molecular mechanisms underlying developmental and adult neurogenesis in rodents and primates. Conditional deletion of Sox4 and Sox11, encoding two neurogenesis-related transcription factors central in this network, produces a mouse with no hippocampus, confirming the crucial role for these genes in regulating hippocampal neurogenesis.
ANGIOTENSIN II-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN HUMAN OVARIAN FOLLICULAR FLUID (1986)

Human ovarian follicular fluid (hFF) has angiogenic activity, although the causative factors are unknown. We recently found that hFF contains renin activity which converts renin substrate to angiotensin I (AI). Since the enzymatic cleavage product of AI, angiotensin II (AII), is a potent stimulator of new vessel formation, we have examined Sephadex G-25 column fractions of hFF and extracted hFF and plasma from individual patients for AII-like immunoreactivity (AII-IR). Eluent fractions from Sephadex G-25 column chromatography of hFF had significant AII-IR which eluted in the same fractions as synthetic AII. Individual, extracted FF samples contained approximately 10 times higher levels of AII-IR than extracts of plasma from the same patients. Serial dilutions of the Sephadex column fractions and extracted FF and plasma inhibited binding of 125I-AII to rabbit anti-AII serum in a manner parallel to the inhibition caused by synthetic AII, indicating that the detected immunoreactivity was not due to non-specific assay interference. In summary, the results indicate the presence of significant AII-like immunoreactivity in hFF. AII may now be considered as a potential mediator of the angiogenic activity present in hFF and may play an important paracrine and/or autocrine role in physiologic events in the ovary.
Sustained remission with no dose escalation after re-induction with certolizumab pegol in patients with Crohnʼs disease exacerbation who were naïve to anti-TNF treatment: 5-year results from PRECiSE 4 (2011)

Patients who experienced disease exacerbation while receiving either active or placebo maintenance therapy in PRECiSE 21 were re-induced with certolizumab pegol in PRECiSE 4. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the long-term (5-year) safety and sustainability of remission (total Harvey-Bradshaw Index [HBI] score of ≤4 points) of certolizumab pegol in anti-TNF naïve vs non-naïve patients who were in remission at Week 4 of PRECiSE 4. In PRECiSE 2 (NCT00152425), patients (n=428) who responded to induction therapy with certolizumab pegol at Week 6 were randomized to continuous therapy with certolizumab pegol or placebo (drug interruption) during Weeks 6-26. Patients who had an exacerbation of symptoms before Week 26 could enter PRECiSE 4 (NCT00160706), an open-label extension study. In PRECiSE 4, patients received certolizumab pegol 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2, and 4 followed by every-4-week maintenance therapy with certolizumab pegol 400 mg through Week 256 (5 years). Thus, patients receiving active treatment in PRECiSE 2 were given 1 single extra dose, and then continued with every-4-week maintenance therapy in PRECiSE 4. A total of 124 patients entered PRECiSE 4 from PRECiSE 2: 49 patients who had been randomized to certolizumab pegol and 75 patients who had been randomized to placebo. Among these patients, 84 were anti-TNF naïve and 40 were non-naïve. By Week 4, 38% (47/124) of patients achieved HBI remission. After 5 years of every-4-week certolizumab pegol 400 mg maintenance therapy in naïve vs non-naïve patients, remission was maintained in 73% vs 40% patients, respectively (observed case) and 10% vs 5% patients, respectively (nonresponder imputation). No new safety concerns were identified. Among patients with disease exacerbation who were naïve to anti-TNF treatment and remained in PRECiSE 4, certolizumab pegol 400 mg re-induction successfully recaptured and maintained remission. These data suggest that a long-term benefit can be achieved with a re-induction strategy in anti-TNF-naïve patients with Crohn's disease who lost response due to drug interruption or loss of initial response to active therapy without resorting to dose escalation.
Supplementary Figures 1-10 from Estrogen-Dependent Gene Transcription in Human Breast Cancer Cells Relies upon Proteasome-Dependent Monoubiquitination of Histone H2B (2023)

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Latest Sensors and Data Acquisition Development Efforts at KSC (2002)

This viewgraph presentation summarizes the characteristics required on sensors by consumers desiring access to space, a long term plan developed at KSC (Kennedy Space Center) to identify promising technologies for NASA's own future sensor needs, and the characteristics of several smart sensors already developed. Also addressed are the computer hardware and architecture used to operate sensors, and generic testing capabilities. Consumers desire sensors which are lightweight, inexpensive, intelligent, and easy to use.
Hydrocarbon Prospecting in Deep Water Trinidad using AVO and Spectral Decomposition (2007)

Amplitude versus offset (AVO) and spectral decomposition (SD) techniques were used for direct hydrocarbon identification (DHI) in the Plio-pleistocene section in Deep Water Trinidad & Tobago to help to quantify better the risk during hydrocarbon prospecting. In order to understand and predict the seismic response for different fluid types and lithologies, AVO and SD modeling based on existing well log information close to the study area were performed. The controlled synthetic models simulated the seismic response for wet sands, commercially saturated gas sands, and partially saturated gas sands, as well as variations due to lithology. After modeling and validation of the technique with real pre-stack and post-stack seismic data on calibration well locations, seismic analysis supported with AVO and SD technologies was performed to evaluate prospects located in Deep Water in Trinidad & Tobago. Very subtle differences in the AVO and SD responses were the only way to discriminate between hydrocarbon and lithology. Very subtle variations during AVO and SD analysis suggest that the lithology factor can produce false DHI in the area.
Frequency response techniques for the characterization of porous catalytic solids (1994)

A review with 182 refs. is given on phys. phenomena such as sputtering, ion emission, ionization and neutralization which are involved in SIMS. Applications of SIMS in catalysis and obtaining information about catalysts interactions with gases promoters and poisons are described. Also applications of SIMS in surface reactivity studies, adsorption and surface reactions are discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]
Endothelial barrier dysfunction in diabetic conduit arteries: a novel method to quantify filtration (2013)

The endothelial barrier plays an important role in atherosclerosis, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. In the present study, an accurate, reproducible, and user-friendly method was used to fu...
Effect of P/S ratio (0. 5 vs 0. 9) on hepatic LDL transport at three levels of dietary cholesterol in cynomolgus macaques (1990)

Interaction between dietary polyunsaturated to saturated (P/S) fatty acid ratio and cholesterol (C) was studied in 6 groups of male cynomolgus macaques fed diets (oleic acid constant) for 72 weeks as follows (C mg/Cal-P/S): (1), 0.06 - 0.5; (2), 0.06-0.9, (3), 0.28-0.5; (4), 0.28-0.9; (5), 2,35-0.5; (6), 2,35-0.9. Plasma C was proportional to dietary C and was affected significantly by P/S in 1 and 2 only. Mean plasma C (mg/dl) at 72 weeks was: (1) 158; (2) 117; (3) 320; (4) 284; (5) 602; (6) 601. LDL-C was significantly higher in (1) than in (2) (90 vs 65 mg/dl). In vivo LDL turnover studies showed that LDL clearance was suppressed by excess dietary C and by saturated fats in low C diets. Receptor-independent clearance was relatively constant. Hepatic LDL transport was determined after injection of 125I-cellobiose-LDL. Hepatic LDL-C uptake was greater in (2) than in (1). LDL-C synthesis was reduced in (4) and (6) compared to (3) and (5), respectively. The authors conclude that (i) hepatic LDL receptor activity is altered by degree of saturation in dietary triglycerides when dietary C is minimal and (ii) saturated triglycerides enhance LDL-C synthesis when dietary C is ample in this model.
High-performance AlAs0.56Sb0.44 avalanche photodiodes (Conference Presentation) (2020)

AlAs0.56Sb0.44 is a promising avalanche material which can be grown lattice-matched to InP and therefore use InGaAs as the absorption region in a Separate Absorption and Multiplication APD (SAM-APD). The electron and hole ionisation coefficients in this material are very dissimilar and our experiments show that this leads to AlAs0.56Sb0.44 having the lowest excess noise performance of any InP based material system (F = 2.2 at M = 40) reported to date. Simulations suggest that operation at 1550 nm and 25 GB s-1 with a sensitivity of -25.7 dBm is possible in a normal incidence SAM-APD.
A 13.56MHz Fully Integrated 91.8% Efficiency Single-Stage Dual-Output Regulating Voltage Doubler for Biomedical Wireless Power Transfer (2023)

Dual-output regulating rectifier is highly desired in wireless power transfer (WPT) for sub-100mW bioimplants. Such rectifiers perform voltage rectification and dual-output regulation simultaneously, thus avoiding post DC-DC conversions and cascaded power losses [1 –4]. However, the conventional dual-output structure suffers from a low voltage conversion ratio (VCR) (< 1) due to the full bridge rectifier (FBR) topology (Fig. 1), severely limiting the receiver operation when wireless link condition varies [1–2]. In order to extend the operational range without increasing the power demand from the transmitter, [3] presents a charge-pump based dual-output rectifier; however, it uses 10 power transistors (PTs) and 8 off-chip capacitors, degrading the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and increasing the integration cost. Alternatively, the current-mode dual-output rectifier can realize a VCR higher than 1, but the output power is limited to less than 10mW [4], which is insufficient for advanced bioimplants. In this work, a 13. 56MHz single-stage dual-output voltage doubler (DOVD) is proposed to address the above limitations, which employs only two PTs and a fully integrated design. lt can achieve a peak VCR of1.78 and outputs power up to 8lmWwith a 91.8% peak PCE.
Mutual influence of the parametric effects and stimulated Raman scattering in optical fibers (1990)

The effect of Raman gain parametric suppression is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained. The analysis of the effect of Raman nonlinearity on the process of modulation instability in the region of negative group velocity dispersion of fibers is presented. New dependencies for the modulational instability frequency and increment are calculated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Pregnenolone Biosynthesis by Cultured Rat Granulosa Cells: Modulation by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* (1982)

The mechanism by which GnRH inhibits ovarian progesterone production was investigated by studying the GnRH modulation of pregnenolone biosynthesis in cultured rat granulosa cells. Granulosa cells from hypophysectomized, estrogentreated rats were incubated for 2 days with various hormones in vitro. Pregnenolone production was measured in the presence of cyanoketone, which inhibits the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. FSH stimulated pregnenolone production in a dose-dependent manner (ED50, 4.47 ng/ml). Concomitant treatment with GnRH resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in FSH-stimulated pregnenolone production (ID50,6.3 × 10-9 M; maximal decrease, ∼50%). In contrast, treatment with high doses of GnRH alone stimulated pregnenolone production (ED50, 2.95 × 10-8 M), reaching a maximal level of about 10% that induced by FSH. Treatment with a GnRH antagonist, [Ac-D-Phe1, D-pCl-Phe2, D-Trp3>6]GnRH, did not affect either basal or FSH-stimulated pregnenolone production, but blocked both inhibitory and stimulatory effects of GnRH. The addition of 25-hydroxycholesterol, a soluble substrate for side-chain cleavage enzymes, enhanced FSH-stimulated pregnenolone production, but failed to overcome the inhibitory action of GnRH. GnRH also inhibited progesterone production stimulated by 8-bromo-cAMP and cholera toxin. This action of GnRH, however, was not associated with an inhibition of pregnenolone biosynthesis, but appeared to be due to a preferential increase in the metabolism of progesterone to 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one. Thus, in addition to the reported GnRH stimulation of progesterone metabolism to 20αhydroxypregn-4-en-3-one and the GnRH inhibition of FSH-stimulated 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, the present results demonstrate that GnRH also inhibits FSH-stimulated pregnenolone biosynthesis, probably at the side-chain cleavage enzyme step.
23‐1: Invited Paper: Single and Tandem OLED Display Technologies with High Efficiency and Long Lifetime (2021)

RGB side‐by‐side (SBS) top‐emission (TE) flexible OLED display with high efficiency and long lifetime has been developed for mobile and automotive applications. We have firstly developed a high reliability single‐type OLED display with a lifetime over 1,000 hours under 900 cd/m2 driving at 85 °C and with wide color gamut (over 110% of NTSC ratio). This is especially useful for the automotive displays. In addition, we have also focused on a blue TE tandem OLED for improving the current efficiency and achieved the blue index of 320 with two‐stacked tandem OLED. This is 1.6 times larger than that of the blue single‐type OLED.
Concepts and designs of life support systems (2008)

Although total artificial hearts (TAHs) available on today&apos;s market can sustain a patient&apos;s life, their quality of life does not reach the potential of a donor heart transplant. The main reasons are device size and weight, as well as durability and the risk of blood clot formation. Additionally device-related infections pose a threat to a patient&apos;s life. A totally implantable TAH is developed in Aachen, which addresses these problems. One focus is set on improving durability, as failure is an immediate threat to a patient&apos;s life. The desired lifespan of the TAH should exceed 5 years. This can be achieved by reducing the number of moving, wear-prone components. In contrast to rotary motors with conversion gears, linear motors only need one moving part. Thus, a new TAH with a linear drive is developed, based on a detailed list of requirements. The potential of a linear motor as a TAH&apos;s drive is shown by a first prototype. Based on this prototype, two new drive concepts are developed and compared. The superior concept has been manufactured and force measurements have been performed in a test stand.
Molecular Auxetic Behavior of Epitaxial Co‐Ferrite Spinel Thin Film (2010)

Abstract In functional oxide materials so‐called molecular auxetic behavior is extremely rare. Here, it is reported in the CoFe 2 O 4 spinel structure. A CoFe 2 O 4 epitaxial thin film under compressive axial strain also reduces its cell dimensions in the transverse direction with a Poisson's ratio of −0.85. A hinge‐like honeycomb network in the spinel structure is identified as being responsible for the negative Poisson's ratio. This phenomenon has a substantial effect on the functional properties of CoFe 2 O 4 and enables the construction of a new class of nano‐devices.
Exploring Cross-fusion and Curriculum Learning for Multi-modal Human Detection on Drones (2022)

In a number of applications ranging from warehouse management to people search and rescue, drones will need to evolve in the vicinity of human agents. In those situations, robust and fail-safe human detection by drones must be provided. However, human detection systems used on drones are currently based on single imaging cameras, beside a growing number of works investigating more robust detection schemes via sensor fusion. In the drone context, the fusion of standard RGB and event-based cameras has emerged, while in the automotive context, the fusion of RGB with radars has been proposed for up-most safety towards environmental conditions. In this paper, our aim is to debut the investigation of RGB, event-based camera and radar fusion. First, we acquire a novel dataset for the task of people detection in an indoor, industrial setting, by mounting the sensor fusion suite on a drone. Then, we propose a baseline convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture augmented with cross-fusion highways for sensor fusion and people detection. To train the network, we propose a novel multimodal curriculum learning procedure and demonstrate that our method (termed SAUL) greatly enhances the robustness of the system towards hard RGB failures ( on the peak F1 score) and provides a significant gain in detection performance ( on the peak F1 score) compared to the BlackIn procedure, previously proposed for cross-fusion network training. Finally, we report the performance of our system through precision-recall curve analysis and perform additional ablation studies to shed light on the key aspect of our system.
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induction of IL-6 in Rat Telencephalic Cells Is Mediated in Part by IL-1 (1993)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) appears in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acute infection of the central nervous system, and in the brains and CSF of experimental animals following systemic or intracerebral injection of bacterial endotoxin (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, LPS). Since LPS is known to induce secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in many cell types including those of the brain, and IL-1 can induce IL-6 in brain tissue it appeared reasonable to postulate that the effects of LPS on IL-6 production were mediated through IL-1 induction. To test this hypothesis, the effects of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) on LPS and IL-1-induced IL-6 secretion were tested in a mixed brain cell culture from 17-day fetal rat, after 12-14 days in culture. IL-6 secretion was induced by IL-1 beta in a concentration as low as 1 x 10(-10) M (p = 0.0008); addition of IL-1Ra was shown to inhibit IL-1-induced changes by 87% (p = 0.0012) at a molar ratio of 100:1, and by 100% at a molar ratio of 1,000:1, LPS stimulated IL-6 secretion progressively over the concentration of 1-100 ng/ml (p = 0.0001). LPS 10 ng/ml-induced IL-6 secretion was inhibited by 66% by IL-1Ra in a concentration of 1,000 ng/ml (p = 0.0077). The inhibitory effect of IL-1Ra was not significantly greater even when used at a concentration of 5,000 ng/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)