gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of immunity and oral tolerance with polymorphic class II major histocompatibility complex allopeptides in the rat. (1992)

We studied the immunogenicity and tolerogenicity of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) allopeptides in the rat. Inbred LEW (RT1l) rats, used as responders, were immunized in the foot pad with a mixture of eight synthetic class II MHC allopeptides emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. These sequences represent the full-length second domain of RT1.Bu and RT1.Du (WF) beta chains. In vitro, responder lymphocytes harvested from popliteal and inguinal lymph nodes of immunized animals exhibited significant proliferation to the MHC allopeptide mixture. In addition, these responder lymphocytes had significantly increased proliferation to allogeneic WF (RT1u) stimulator cells, when compared to naive controls in the standard one-way mixed lymphocyte response. In vivo, peptide-immunized LEW animals were challenged in the ear 2 weeks after immunization with the allopeptide mixture, the individual allopeptide sequences, or allogeneic WF splenocytes. When compared to controls, these animals had significant delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to the allopeptide mixture, to the beta-pleated sheet allopeptide sequences, and to allogeneic WF splenocytes but not to the alpha-helix allopeptide sequences, to syngeneic LEW splenocytes, or to third party allogeneic BN splenocytes. Oral administration of the allopeptide mixture to LEW responder rats daily for 5 days before immunization effected significant reduction of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses both to the allopeptide mixture and to allogeneic splenocytes. This reduction was antigen-specific, since there was no reduction of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis. These data demonstrate that lymphocytes from animals immunized with polymorphic class II MHC allopeptides can recognize and proliferate to the same amino acid sequences on allogeneic cell surface MHC molecules. In addition, oral administration of these peptides down-regulates the systemic cell-mediated immune response in a specific fashion. Synthetic MHC allopeptides should allow the study of alloimmunity in vivo, including induction of immune tolerance.
Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to methanol using a ruthenium trinuclear polyazine complex immobilized on graphene oxide under visible light irradiation (2014)

A ruthenium trinuclear polyazine complex was synthesized and subsequently immobilized through complexation to a graphene oxide support containing phenanthroline ligands (GO-phen). The developed photocatalyst was used for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol, using a 20 watt white cold LED flood light, in a dimethyl formamide–water mixture containing triethylamine as a reductive quencher. After 48 h illumination, the yield of methanol was found to be 3977.57 ± 5.60 μmol gcat−1. The developed photocatalyst exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than graphene oxide, which provided a yield of 2201.40 ± 8.76 μmol gcat−1. After the reaction, the catalyst was easily recovered and reused for four subsequent runs without a significant loss of catalytic activity and no leaching of the metal/ligand was detected during the reaction.
Ordered Porous Alumina Geometries and Surface Metals for Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization of Biomolecules:  Possible Mechanistic Implications of Metal Surface Melting (2007)

Platinum- or gold-coated porous alumina with submicrometer structures is a potential substrate for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry of biomolecules, not requiring sample matrixes. In this study, a highly ordered porous alumina substrate was fabricated to study the geometric factors allowing good SALDI performance. Evaluation was based on the signal-to-noise ratio of protonated angiotensin I ions in the mass spectrum obtained by 337-nm ultraviolet laser irradiation. Varying the geometries, including pore densities and diameters, revealed the laser intensity required to generate ions to be related to surface porosity. Surface platinum was melted upon laser irradiation at the fluence sufficient to generate peptide ions as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, a thin (5-20 nm) platinum coat requires a low intensity of laser light for desorption/ionization. Considering the size effect on the melting of metals, our findings suggest the surface platinum melting to be involved in ion generation from this SALDI substrate type. Indeed, tantalum, which has a higher melting point, required more laser fluence to generate ions. The porous alumina layer beneath surface metals probably worked as a thermal insulator. This double-layer-type substrate allowed ionization of angiotensin I and verapamil at low femtomole levels. Moreover, small proteins and glycoproteins such as 24-kDa trypsinogen and 15-kDa ribonuclease B could be ionized with sufficient sensitivity on this target. Taking advantage of matrix-free methods, concentrating the sample solution in the target concavity or widening the laser beam focus enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio for analyte ions in the mass spectrum. Activity is maintained for months in air.
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) stabilizes intrinsic cardiac neurons to reduce neurally induced atrial fibrillation (2009)

Objective To determine the contribution of discrete neuronal inputs to the intrinsic cardiac nervous system for targeted reduction of the atrial arrhythmogenic substrate. Methods In 15 anesthetized dogs, trains of electrical stimuli (1 mA, 1ms) were delivered during the atrial refractory period to mediastinal nerves associated with the superior vena cava to induce atrial tachyarrhythmias. Neuronal activity was recorded in the right atrial ganglionated plexus (RAGP). For SCS, the dorsal aspect of the T 1 ‐T 3 spinal cord was stimulated electrically (50 Hz; 0.2 ms; 90% of motor threshold). Results Mediastinal nerve stimulation caused an abrupt increase in RAGP neuronal activity (~5 fold) that was maintained for the duration of transient neurally‐induced atrial fibrillation. SCS reduced basal neuronal activity and mitigated any mediastinal nerve‐induced increases in RAGP neuronal activity. Prior to SCS, mediastinal nerve stimulation evoked atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/Afl) from 95% of sites. After SCS, atrial rhythms induced by mediastinal nerve stimulation were 38% AF/Afl, 56% bradycardia/sinus rhythm, and 6% sinus tachycardia. SCS likewise reduced dispersion in early pacemaker breakthrough loci secondary to mediastinal nerve stimulation. Conclusions Neuromodulation with dorsal cranial thoracic SCS stabilizes elements within the intrinsic cardiac nervous system to reduce the atrial arrhythmogenic substrate to its excessive neural inputs. (Supported by HL71830)
An updated algorithm recommendation for the management of knee osteoarthritis from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) (2019)

The updated ESCEO stepwise algorithm, developed by consensus from clinical experts in OA and informed by available evidence for the benefits and harms of various treatments, provides practical, current guidance that will enable clinicians to deliver patient-centric care in OA practice.
Radiation pattern measurements of mobile phones next to different head phantoms (2003)

An investigation of the radiation from 5 different phones next to two head phantoms proposed for radiation measurements has been carried out and the radiation has been evaluated thru the total radiated power, the total receiver sensitivity and the mean effective gain. The investigation is based on measurements of the far field patterns measured in an anechoic room using a system tester to avoid any disturbance of the radiation patterns. The results shows that the losses due to the phantom heads are twice as high in dB values, at 900 MHz compared to 1800 MHz. Even though the two head phantoms are rather different in shape it is concluded that the influence by the phantom on the radiation is essentially the same.
Effects of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin on endothelial cells (2013)

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a human pathogen that produces leukotoxin (LtxA) as a major virulence factor. In this study the effect of LtxA on microvascular endothelial cell viability and phenotype was studied. High doses of single LtxA treatment (500 ng/ml to 5 μg/ml) significantly and irreversibly decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, as assessed by tetrazolium salt and annexin V assay, respectively. Apoptosis was partially inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. LtxA caused a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase after 72 h. Between 500 ng/ml and 5 μg/ml, after long- or short-term stimulation LtxA increased the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, as well as the percentages of endothelial cells expressing these adhesion molecules. Thus, A. actinomycetemcomitans LtxA has substantial pro-inflammatory effects on human brain endothelial cells by upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Furthermore, LtxA in higher concentration was found to decrease proliferation and induces apoptosis in microvascular endothelial cells.
Mapping Brain Connectivity with Statistical Fibre Tracking and Virtual Dissection (2003)

LTS2
Nonreciprocal transport in a Rashba ferromagnet, delafossite PdCoO$_2$ (2021)

Rashba interfaces yield efficient spin-charge interconversion and give rise to nonreciprocal transport phenomena. Here, we report magnetotransport experiments in few-nanometer-thick films of PdCoO$_2$, a delafossite oxide known to display a large Rashba splitting and surface ferromagnetism. By analyzing the angle dependence of the first- and second-harmonic longitudinal and transverse resistivities, we identify a Rashba-driven unidirectional magnetoresistance that competes with the anomalous Nernst effect below the Curie point. We estimate a Rashba coefficient of 0.75 {\pm} 0.3 eV Å and argue that our results qualify delafossites as a new family of oxides for nano-spintronics and spin-orbitronics, beyond perovskite materials.
Cocaine vaccine dAd5GNE protects against moderate daily and high-dose “binge” cocaine use (2020)

The cocaine vaccine dAd5GNE is comprised of a disrupted serotype 5 adenovirus gene therapy vector covalently conjugated to the cocaine analog GNE. The vaccine evokes a high titer of circulating anti-cocaine antibodies that prevent cocaine from reaching its cognate receptors in the central nervous system. Prior studies have demonstrated the efficacy of dAd5GNE in models of occasional, moderate cocaine use. However, previous studies have not sufficiently evaluated the efficacy of dAd5GNE in models of the repetitive and high-dose "binge" use patterns common in human addicts. In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of dAd5GNE vaccination to protect against "binge" cocaine use and circumstances where vaccinated addicts attempt to override the vaccine. We modeled repetitive daily cocaine use in vaccinated Balb/c mice and African green monkeys, and evaluated high-dose "binge" scenarios in Balb/c mice. In each model of daily use the dAd5GNE vaccine prevented cocaine from reaching the central nervous system. In the high-dose "binge" model, vaccination decreased cocaine-induced hyperactivity and reduced the number of cocaine-induced seizures. Based on this data and our prior data in rodents and nonhuman primates, we have initiated a clinical trial evaluating the dAd5GNE anti-cocaine vaccine as a potential therapy for cocaine addicts who wish to stop cocaine use. If dAd5GNE vaccination is safe and produces high anti-cocaine antibody titers in the clinic, we hypothesize that the vaccine will restrict the access of cocaine to the central nervous system and inhibit cocaine-induced "highs" even in the context of moderate daily and high-dose "binge" use that might otherwise cause a drug-induced overdose.
Actionable saliency detection: Independent motion detection without independent motion estimation (2012)

We present a model and an algorithm to detect salient regions in video taken from a moving camera. In particular, we are interested in capturing small objects that move independently in the scene, such as vehicles and people as seen from aerial or ground vehicles. Many of the scenarios of interest challenge existing schemes based on background subtraction (background motion too complex), multi-body motion estimation (insufficient parallax), and occlusion detection (uniformly textured background regions). We adopt a robust statistical inference approach to simultaneously estimate a maximally reduced regressor, and select regions that violate the null hypothesis (co-visibility under an epipolar domain deformation) as “salient”. We show that our algorithm can perform even in the absence of camera calibration information: while the resulting motion estimates would be incorrect, the partition of the domain into salient vs. non-salient is unaffected. We demonstrate our algorithm on video footage from helicopters, airplanes, and ground vehicles.
Data from Merkel Polyomavirus-Specific T Cells Fluctuate with Merkel Cell Carcinoma Burden and Express Therapeutically Targetable PD-1 and Tim-3 Exhaustion Markers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The persistent expression of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) oncoproteins in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) provides a unique opportunity to characterize immune evasion mechanisms in human cancer. We isolated MCPyV-specific T cells and determined their frequency and functional status.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Multiparameter flow cytometry panels and HLA/peptide tetramers were used to identify and characterize T cells from tumors (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 7) and blood (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 18) of patients with MCC and control subjects (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10). PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) and CD8 expression within tumors were determined using mRNA profiling (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 35) and immunohistochemistry (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; MCPyV-specific CD8 T cells were detected directly &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; from the blood samples of 7 out of 11 (64%) patients with MCPyV-positive tumors. In contrast, 0 of 10 control subjects had detectable levels of these cells in their blood (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). MCPyV-specific T cells in serial blood specimens increased with MCC disease progression and decreased with effective therapy. MCPyV-specific CD8 T cells and MCC-infiltrating lymphocytes expressed higher levels of therapeutically targetable PD-1 and Tim-3 inhibitory receptors compared with T cells specific to other human viruses (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). PD-L1 was present in 9 of 13 (69%) MCCs and its expression was correlated with CD8-lymphocyte infiltration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; MCC-targeting T cells expand with tumor burden and express high levels of immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and Tim-3. Reversal of these inhibitory pathways is therefore a promising therapeutic approach for this virus-driven cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(19); 5351–60. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Acute thrombotic events as initial presentation of patients with COVID-19 infection (2020)

We describe three patients with COVID-19 who presented with an acute vascular event rather than with typical respiratory symptoms. These patients were all subsequently found to have laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections as the likely cause of their thrombotic event. The primary presentation of COVID-19 infection as a thrombotic event rather than with respiratory symptoms has not been described elsewhere. Our cases and discussion highlight the thrombotic complications caused by COVID-19; we discuss management of these patients and explore the role of anticoagulation in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
SIMULATION OF A SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE WITH AN OPEN PHASE (1977)

ABSTRACT Techniques are described for simulating an open circuit of a three phase synchronous machine using Park's equations. Set forth in detail is an exact analytical technique that results in an all-dq0 simulation eliminating entirely the need for matrix inversion inherent to the commonly used phase variable approach. In addition, it is shown that this method of simulation markedly reduces the computation time. This work sets the stage for an all dq0 simulation of unbalanced operation of power systems wherein variable step size integration may be employed to full advantage. Also reported is the application of this technique to the simulation of a single phase synchronous machine.
A prospective study of cerebral, frontal lobe, and temporal lobe volumes and neuropsychological performance in children with primary brain tumors treated with cranial radiation (2016)

This prospective study found significant relations among the RT dose, cerebral volumes, and rate of vocabulary development among children receiving RT. The results of this study provide further support for clinical trials aimed at reducing cranial RT doses in the pediatric population. Cancer 2017;161-168. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (2009)

Abstract In the past decade, CRRT has moved from a niche therapy within specific specialty centers to the standard of care for management of critically ill patients with acute renal failure. Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provides concise, evidence-based, to-the-point bedside guidance about this treatment modality, offering quick reference answers to clinicians' questions about treatments and situations encountered in daily practice. Organized into sections on Theory, Practice, Special Situations, and Organizational Issues, this resource provides a complete view of CRRT theory and practice.
Low Expression of IL-15 and NKT in Tumor Microenvironment Predicts Poor Outcome of MYCN-Non-Amplified Neuroblastoma (2021)

Immune tumor microenvironment (TME) in neuroblastoma (NBL) contributes to tumor behavior and treatment response. T cells and natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to play important roles in the neuroblastoma TME. However, few reports address the clinical relevance of natural killer T cells (NKTs) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), one of the crucial cytokines controlling the activation and expansion of NK/NKT cells, in NBL. In this study, we examined NKT immunoscores and IL-15 expression in both MYCN-amplified and MYCN-non-amplified NBL to correlate with clinical outcomes such as event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). From Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE45480 (<i>n</i> = 643) and GSE49711 (<i>n</i> = 493), we found that NKT immunoscore and IL-15 expression were both significantly lower in MYCN-amplified NBL, and similar results were observed using our clinical NBL samples (<i>n</i> = 53). Moreover, NBL patients (GEO dataset GSE49711 and our clinical samples) with both lower NKT immunoscore and IL-15 expression exhibited decreased EFS and OS regardless of MYCN gene amplification status. Multivariate analysis further showed that the combination of low NKT immunoscore and low IL-15 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for poor EFS and OS in our NBL patients. These findings provide the rationale for the development of strategy to incorporate IL-15 and NKT cell therapy into the treatment regimen for neuroblastoma.
The genome of the choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis and the origin of metazoans (2008)

Choanoflagellates are the closest known relatives of metazoans. To discover potential molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of metazoan multicellularity, we sequenced and analysed the genome of the unicellular choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis. The genome contains approximately 9,200 intron-rich genes, including a number that encode cell adhesion and signalling protein domains that are otherwise restricted to metazoans. Here we show that the physical linkages among protein domains often differ between M. brevicollis and metazoans, suggesting that abundant domain shuffling followed the separation of the choanoflagellate and metazoan lineages. The completion of the M. brevicollis genome allows us to reconstruct with increasing resolution the genomic changes that accompanied the origin of metazoans.
Electrochemically Sensitized Luminescence from Lanthanides in d‐/f‐Block Heteronuclear Arrays (2018)

Abstract The front cover artwork is provided by the Department of Chemistry and Physics at La Trobe University (Melbourne). The image shows the heterobimetallic compound used to facilitate electrochemically initiated europium emission following energy transfer from an ECL‐active donor. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.201700172 .
A pilot study of supraphysiologic testosterone (T) and oral etoposide (E) in men with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (2014)

45 Background: Prostate cancer (PC) cells become resistant to chronic castration via an adaptive increase in androgen receptor (AR) expression, a liability that can be exploited therapeutically. Mechanistically, supraphysiologic androgens can induce PC cell death through topoisomerase 2 (topo2) mediated double-strand DNA breaks and disruption of DNA relicensing due to persistence of AR at origins of replication during the cell cycle. Methods: We evaluated parenteral T in combination with the topo2 inhibitor E in men with CRPC and low metastatic burden (≤5 bone and &lt;10 soft tissue metastases). To rapidly cycle from supraphysiologic (&gt;1500 ng/dL) to near castrate T levels, men received intramuscular T cypionate 400 mg on day (D) 1 and oral E 100 mg D 1-14 of a 28 D cycle. After 3 cycles, men with declining PSA could continue T alone every 28 D. The primary endpoint was PSA response, defined as a PSA below baseline, after cycle 3. Secondary endpoints included objective response rates and safety. Results: Sixteen men enrolled of which 14 completed 3 cycles of T+E and were evaluable for response. 7/14 went on the T-only expansion stage. After 3 cycles, 6/14 men had a PSA response. 7 (50%) had a PSA response at any timepoint [4 (29%) had PSA declines ≥50%] (table). In men with RECIST-evaluable disease, 2 had progressive and 3 had stable disease (SD), 4 had partial (PR) and 1 had a complete response (CR). Median response duration was 248 D (range, 80 to 359 D). Post T, 10/12 men had a PSA decline to subsequent androgen ablative therapies. Most adverse events (AEs) were ≤grade 2 and considered effects of E. One man died from neutropenic sepsis before completing the 1st cycle. AEs possibly related to T included lower extremity edema (n=1), priapism (n=1) and asymptomatic pulmonary embolism (n=2). No one developed new pain on T. Conclusions: T with or without E demonstrated preliminary efficacy in patients with CRPC as manifested by PSA and objective responses. This regimen is generally safe. Cyclic T-based therapies warrant further study. Clinical trial information: NCT01084759. [Table: see text]