gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of fatigue life evaluation technology for multi-layer bellows exhaust pipe (2020)

In the hydraulic excavator, the bellows exhaust pipe connects the engine and the exhaust gas post-processing device and is exposed to thumping vibration from the engine and the body. In order to ensure the reliability of the pipe under such harsh conditions, we developed a technology for evaluating the fatigue life of the bellows. First, in order to get the appropriate fatigue life curve of the bellows, the fatigue tests of bellows were conducted. In the fatigue tests, we judged that a fracture had occurred when a crack was detected in either the outer layer or the inner layer of the bellows. The cracks in the outer layer were detected by the change of strain measured with axial strain gauges installed on the outer layer, and the cracks in the inner layer were detected by the change of the internal pressure of the bellows. A fatigue life curve was derived from the fatigue test results by using the method of least squares. Next, the resonance endurance test (repeat cycles: 107) of the bellows exhaust pipe was carried out with the actual machine, and the derived fatigue life curve was verified using the endurance test results. In order to verify the fatigue life curve, the endurance test results were plotted on the stress limit diagram obtained from the derived fatigue life curve. In the stress limit diagram, failure and non-failure of the bellows were mixed at the boundary of the proposed curve. From this result, it became clear that the derived stress limit diagram can evaluate the fatigue life of bellows.
The NCCN-IPI Score Is Prognostic of Survival in Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified (2018)

Abstract Introduction: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) accounts for 15-20% of NHL and is characterized by a poor survival. The IPI and PIT scores are prognostic factors in survival in B-cell and T-cell lymphomas, but not without limitations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of the NCCN-IPI score in patients with PTCL-NOS. Methods: We included patients with a pathological diagnosis of PTCL-NOS who were diagnosed and treated at our institution between 1997 and 2017. IRB approval was obtained prior to research. Pathological samples were reviewed by hematopathologists at our institution to confirm the diagnosis. Pertinent clinicopathological data were collected through chart review and are presented using descriptive statistics. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression models were fitted to evaluate hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 173 patients with diagnosis of PTCL-NOS were included in this analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 58 years (range 18-91 years) with a male predominance (58%). Clinically, 47% of patients were 60 or older, 52% presented with ECOG &gt;1, 82% had elevated serum LDH, 74% had extranodal disease, and 34% had stage I/II and 66% had stage III/IV. IPI score distribution was low-risk in 55% of patients, low-intermediate in 36%, high-intermediate in 48% and high-risk in 33%. PIT score distribution was low-risk in 53%, low-intermediate in 67%, high-intermediate in 38% and high-risk in 14%. NCCN-IPI score distribution was low risk in 40%, low-intermediate in 56%, high- intermediate in 63% and high risk in 11%. 22% of patients received CHOEP, 23% received CHOP, and 55% received other regimens. The overall response rate was 59%; 47% had a complete response and 12% had a partial response. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 32% with a median OS of 12 months. PTCL-NOS patients with low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate and high-risk NCCN-IPI had 5-year OS rates of 46%, 36%, 26% and 0%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). When compared with patients with low-risk NCCN-IPI, patients with low-intermediate (HR 3.2, 95% CI,1.1-9.5; p=0.044) and high-intermediate /high risk NCCN-IPI (HR 6.0, 95% CI 2.1-17; p=0.001) had worse OS. Conclusions: We have validated the NCCN-IPI score as a prognostic tool in patients with PTCL-NOS. This work can serve to address future prospective designs that allow selection of groups of patients at greater risk and thus lead to more individualized therapy. Figure. Figure. Disclosures Castillo: Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy, Research Funding.
Preparation of TiO_2/SiO_2 Multilayer Films Via Sol-Gel Methods (2003)

SiO2/TiO2 multilayer films on silicon, quartz, K9 glass wafer were obtained by sol-gel process and spin-coating technique. The properties of the multilayer films were studied with ellipse-polarization-light thickness measurement and TEM. The results showed that the experiment condition was crucial for the preparation of the SiO2/TiO2 multilayer films. High quality SiO2/TiO2 multilayer films could be obtained by improve the experiment condition, which could be applied in microcavities, light filter, photon crystal and high reflect film.
Analysis of Double-Bridge Inverters for Drive Systems With Open-End Winding Motors (2020)

The double-bridge voltage source inverter (DB-VSI) is a promising inverter topology for high performing motor drives. A DB-VSI comprises two VSIs, connected to the opposite sides of an open-end winding motor (no floating neutral point). Due to its inherent properties, a DB-VSI requires only half dc supply voltage, compared with a simple VSI, in order to generate the same motor voltage. Thereafter, by processing/switching only half of the dc supply voltage, the DB-VSI benefits from significantly lower semiconductor devices’ switching losses. The DB-VSI technology is the main focus of this article. Namely, two different DB-VSI variants and/or modulation strategies are comparatively evaluated. After detailing the operating principle of each modulation strategy, the stresses on the inverter components are analytically derived. It is shown that the selection of the DB-VSI modulation strategy impacts the efficiency/power density of the inverter and the voltage quality of the motor. The theoretical considerations are subsequently verified within the context of a high-speed motor drive. In the investigated drive system, a fuel-cell supplies the inverter, which in return controls a 280-kr/min 1-kW electric compressor. Two DB-VSI hardware prototypes are purposely assembled and compared against a third state-of-the-art hardware prototype of the same specifications. It is shown that due to the DB-VSI technology, it is possible to reduce simultaneously the volume and the losses by up to 50% compared with the state-of-the-art solution. The low DB-VSI volume enables a seamless integration of the inverter in the motor housing. Accordingly, the open-end winding motor is directly attached to the inverter, eliminating the need for cumbersome and costly interconnecting cables. A final, integrated (inverter/motor) hardware prototype is presented, which further highlights the advantages of DB-VSI technology.
Synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of a new putative radioiodinated AMPA receptor ligand for molecular imaging (2013)

Summary A new (radio)iodinated AMPA receptor ligand has been developed and pharmacologically evaluated in vitro and ex vivo using rodents. The new radioligand was directly labeled by electrophilic radioiodo-destannylation with iodine- 131 in high radiochemical yields of 97% within 2 min. The new radioligand showed an excellent initial brain uptake of 2.1%ID/g at 10 min post injection, but a fast wash-out reduced the uptake by about 10-fold at 60 min post injection. Due to high nonspecific binding accompanied with a uniform distribution in brain tissue, however, the new radiotracer appears not suitable for AMPA receptor imaging in vivo.
Pinpointing Chiral Structures with Front-Back Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (2002)

A new development in spin-polarized neutron reflectometry enables us to more fully characterize the nucleation and growth of buried domain walls in layered magnetic materials. We applied this technique to a thin-film exchange-spring magnet. After first measuring the reflectivity with the neutrons striking the front, we measure with the neutrons striking the back. Simultaneous fits are sensitive to the presence of spiral spin structures. The technique reveals previously unresolved features of field-dependent domain walls in exchange-spring systems and has sufficient generality to apply to a variety of magnetic systems.
Prolongation of Lidocaine Spinal Anesthesia with Phenylephrine (1986)

The effect of added phenylephrine on the duration of sensory analgesia during lidocaine spinal anesthesia was determined in 65 ASA class I-III patients randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 25) received 62.5 mg lidocaine in 7.5% glucose; group 2 (n = 21) received lidocaine with 2 mg phenylephrine; and group 3 (n = 19) received lidocaine with 5 mg phenylephrine. The level of analgesia to pin prick was assessed by an anesthesiologist unaware of the drug combination used. The mean ± SD cephalad level of analgesia did not differ among the groups. In group 1, the times for two- and for four-segment regression of the level of analgesia, and the time for regresson of analgesia to the T-12 dermatome, were 77 ± 19 (1 SD), 99 ± 24, and 109 ± 26 min, respectively. The corresponding values were 98 ± 25, 118 ± 27, and 130 ± 36 min in group 2 and 124 ± 32, 142 ± 31, and 162 ± 35 min in group 3. All the regression times in group 2 were significantly longer than those in group 1 (P < 0.05). All the regression times in group 3 were significantly longer than those in group 2 (P < 0.02). It is concluded that clinically useful prolongation of sensory analgesia may be obtained by addition of phenylephrine to lidocaine during spinal anesthesia.
Analysis of high rate LPC vector quantizers designed by minimizing suboptimal error measures (2002)

For the quantization of the linear predictive coding (LPC) parameters in speech coding systems, the log spectral distortion (LSD) measure is often cited as the performance measure most correlated with speech quality. However, most practical quantization schemes use simpler error measures, such as mean squared error (MSE) or weighted mean squared error (WMSE) measures between the quantized and unquantized LPC coefficients, reflection coefficients, arcsine coefficients, area ratios, or line spectral pair frequencies (LSPs). This paper develops analytical expressions for performance of high rate vector quantization (VQ) schemes which are trained by minimizing suboptimal distortion measures, and applies these results to the problem of quantizing the LPC parameters. In particular, the theory is developed to evaluate the performance, as measured by one distortion measure, of a vector quantizer which has been trained by minimizing a different distortion measure. Using this analysis, the performance, in LSD, of vector quantizers trained by minimizing MSE and WMSE measures is theoretically evaluated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
APOSTEL 2.0 Recommendations for Reporting Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Studies (2021)

The modified Delphi method resulted in an expert-led guideline (evidence Class III; Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations [GRADE] criteria) concerning study protocol, acquisition device, acquisition settings, scanning protocol, funduscopic imaging, postacquisition data selection, postacquisition analysis, nomenclature and abbreviations, and statistical approach. It will be essential to update these recommendations to new research and practices regularly.
Characteristics of Fingerprint Sensing on Capacitive Fingerprint Sensor LSIs with a Grounded Wall Structure (2002)

This paper describes the dependence of fingerprint-sensing characteristics on sensed and parasitic capacitances. The sensed capacitance is formed between the sensor plate covered with a sensing insulator and the finger surface, which contacts the fingerprint sensor LSI. The parasitic capacitance is mainly formed on the grounded (GND) wall and metal layer under the sensor plate through the dielectric film. To investigate the dependence, we propose a circuit model of the GND wall structure that takes these capacitances into consideration. We analyzed the output dynamic range of the sensing circuit by varying the sensed and parasitic capacitances, which were changed by the sensor plate size and thickness of the sensing insulator and the dielectric film. The analysis and experimental results revealed that there are an optimal sensor plate size and suitable thickness of the sensing insulator and the dielectric film to effectively detect the sensed capacitance. These findings enable us to design the most effective GND wall structure to capture clear fingerprint images.
The Whittle Estimator for Strongly Dependent Stationary Gaussian Fields (1999)

In this article we generalize results on the asymptotic behaviour of the Whittle estimator for certain stationary Gaussian long range dependent fields. These results have been established in the one‐dimensional case under very general conditions. They require controlling the estimation bias and also giving convergence theorems for certain quadratic forms of the observations. In the multidimensional setting, our main interest will be controlling the bias. This can be done for d ≤ 3 using taper functions, and, depending on the shape of the singularity, also introducing certain regularizing functions. In this last case, however, the estimator will no longer be efficient. We also present certain partial results concerning the convergence to a limiting Gaussian distribution of the associated quadratic forms.
Lysine synthesis and catabolism are coordinately regulated during tobacco seed development (essential amino acids/lysine/dihydrodipicoliante synthase/lysine ketoglutarate reductase/transgenic plants) (2016)

The regulation of synthesis and accumulation of the essential amino acid lysine was studied in seeds of transgenic tobacco plants expressing, in a seed-specific man- ner, two feedback-insensitive bacterial enzymes: dihydrodipi- colinate synthase (EC 4.2.1.52) and aspartate kinase (EC 2.7.2.4). High-level expression of the two bacterial enzymes resulted in only a slight increase in free lysine accumulation at intermediate stages of seed development, while free lysine declined to the low level of control plants toward maturity. To test whether enhanced catabolism may have contributed to the failure of free lysine to accumulate in seeds of transgenic plants, we analyzed the activity of lysine-ketoglutarate reductase (EC 1.5.1.7), an enzyme that catabolizes lysine into saccharopine. In both the control and the transgenic plants, the timing of appearance of lysine-ketoglutarate reductase activity corre- lated very closely with that of dihydrodipicolinate synthase activity, suggesting that lysine synthesis and catabolism were coordinately regulated during seed development. Notably, the activity of lysine-ketoglutarate reductase was significantly higher in seeds of the transgenic plants than in the controls. Coexpression of both bacterial enzymes in the same plant resulted in a significant increase in the proportions of lysine and threonine in seed albumins. Apparently, the normal low steady-state levels of free lysine and threonine in tobacco seeds may be rate limiting for the synthesis of seed proteins, which are relatively rich in these amino acids.
Voltage tunable two-color superlattice infrared photodetectors (2004)

We present the design and fabrication of voltage tunable two-color superlattice infrared photodetectors (SLIPs), where the detection wavelength switches from the long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) range to the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) range upon reversing the polarity of applied bias. The photoactive region of these detectors contains multiple periods of two distinct short-period SLs that are designed for MWIR and LWIR detection. The voltage tunable operation is achieved by using two types of thick blocking barriers between adjacent SLs - undoped barriers on one side for low energy electrons and heavily-doped layers on the other side for high energy electrons. We grew two SLIP structures by molecular beam epitaxy. The first one consists of two AlGaAs/GaAs SLs with the detection range switching from the 7-11 &#956;m band to the 4-7 &#956;m range on reversing the bias polarity. The background-limited temperature is 55 and 80 K for LWIR and MWIR detection, respectively. The second structure comprises of strained InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs SLs and AlGaAs/GaAs SLs. The detection range of this SLIP changes from the 8-12 &#956;m band to the 3-5 &#956;m band on switching the bias polarity. The background-limited temperature is 70 and 110 K for LWIR and MWIR detection, respectively. This SLIP is the first ever voltage tunable MWIR/LWIR detector with performance comparable to those of one-color quantum-well infrared detectors designed for the respective wavelength ranges. We also demonstrate that the corrugated light coupling scheme, which enables normal-incidence absorption, is suitable for the two-color SLIPs. Since these SLIPs are two-terminal devices, they can be used with the corrugated geometry for the production of low-cost large-area two-color focal plane arrays.
Genetic Targeting of Individual Cells with a Voltage‐Sensitive Dye through Enzymatic Activation of Membrane Binding (2006)

Optical recording of the electrical activity of individual neurons in culture or in a tissue requires cell-selective staining with a fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we implement a novel approach to genetically targeted staining. The method relies on a water-soluble precursor dye and an overexpressed cell-surface enzyme that transforms the precursor into a hydrophobic dye that binds to the targeted cell. We fused an alkaline phosphatase to a specifically designed general-purpose membrane anchor, and the fusion protein was expressed on the surface of HEK293 cells, as was corroborated by immuno- and histochemical staining. We next synthesised an amphiphilic hemicyanine dye containing two enzymatically cleavable phosphate groups at its hydrocarbon tails. When the phosphate groups were removed, the binding to membranes was enhanced by a factor of a thousand, as shown by titration with lipid vesicles. We observed selective staining of enzymatically active cells by fluorescence microscopy in a mixed population of phosphatase-transfected and untransfected HEK293 cells. The critical parameters of enzyme-induced cell-selective staining were elucidated by a simple kinetic model to guide further developments of the method.
Cambridge IGCSE english as a second language (2014)

Revised edition for the 2015 syllabus offering the easiest and most cost effective way to teach both the speaking and listening components with one set of books covering two years and free digital material. This title has been written for the revised Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language (0510 and 0511) syllabuses, for first teaching from 2013. ? Prepares students for their exams with a focus on assessed language features, such as inference, opinion and attitude. ? Develops language abilities at an appropriate pace with extra interactive tests on a free CD-ROM. We are working with Cambr
ChemInform Abstract: A Perspective on Oxygenated Species in the Refinery Integration of Pyrolysis Oil (2014)

Abstract Review: 212 refs.
Microarray analysis of the developing cortex (2006)

Abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders that have an onset in childhood or adolescence. Although the basic laminar structure of the PFC is established in utero, extensive remodeling continues into adolescence. To map the overall pattern of changes in cortical gene transcripts during postnatal development, we made serial measurements of mRNA levels in mouse PFC using oligonucleotide microarrays. We observed changes in mRNA transcripts consistent with known postnatal morphological and biochemical events. Overall, most transcripts that changed significantly showed a progressive decrease in abundance after birth, with the majority of change between postnatal weeks 2 and 4. Genes with cell proliferative, cytoskeletal, extracellular matrix, plasma membrane lipid/transport, protein folding, and regulatory functions had decreases in mRNA levels. Quantitative PCR verified the microarray results for six selected genes: DNA methyltransferase 3A (Dnmt3a), procollagen, type III, alpha 1 (Col3a1), solute carrier family 16 (monocarboxylic acid transporters), member 1 (Slc16a1), MARCKS-like 1 (Marcksl1), nidogen 1 (Nid1) and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (heart, mitochondrial) (Bdh).
TCP in 5G mmWave networks: Link level retransmissions and MP-TCP (2017)

MmWave communications, one of the cornerstones of future 5G mobile networks, are characterized at the same time by a potential multi-gigabit capacity and by a very dynamic channel, sensitive to blockage, wide fluctuations in the received signal quality, and possibly also sudden link disruption. While the performance of physical and MAC layer schemes that address these issues has been thoroughly investigated in the literature, the complex interactions between mmWave links and transport layer protocols such as TCP are still relatively unexplored. This paper uses the ns-3 mmWave module, with its channel model based on real measurements in New York City, to analyze the performance of the Linux TCP/IP stack (i) with and without link-layer retransmissions, showing that they are fundamental to reach a high TCP throughput on mmWave links and (ii) with Multipath TCP (MP-TCP) over multiple LTE and mmWave links, illustrating which are the throughput-optimal combinations of secondary paths and congestion control algorithms in different conditions.
Mode shaping of a Nd:YAG laser with diffractive mirrors (2002)

Summary form only given. Conventional spherical mirror laser cavities produce spatial modes that are described by Hermite Gaussian functions. For some applications, however, the lowest-order Gaussian mode shape is not desired. In addition, the lasing threshold separation between this mode and higher-order modes is often small, leading to potential multi-mode operation. Laser cavities with non-spherical mirrors have been demonstrated that allow the designer to customize the fundamental laser mode and maximize the modal discrimination. In this paper, we show that a diffractive optical element can be used as a mode-synthesizing mirror (MSM) inside a Nd:YAG laser cavity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficient Synthesis of Benzothiazinone Analogues with Activity against Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2021)

8-Nitrobenzothiazinones (BTZs) are a promising class of antimycobacterial agents currently under investigation in clinical trials. Starting from thiourea derivatives, a new synthetic pathway to BTZs was established. It allows the formation of the thiazinone ring system in one synthetic step and is applicable for preparation of a wide variety of BTZ analogues. The synthetic procedure furthermore facilitates the replacement of the sulphur atom in the thiazinone ring system by oxygen or nitrogen to afford the analogous benzoxazinone and quinazolinone systems. 36 BTZ analogues were prepared and tested in luminescence-based assays for in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) using the microdilution broth method and a high-throughput macrophage infection assay.