gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to Using Dried Hybrid Poplar as a Potential Commodity Feedstock for Sugar Production (2016)

Use of a commodity feedstock with uniform physical and chemical characteristics can maximize the efficiency of sugar production in a lignocellulosic biorefinery. However, efficient handling and storage necessitates dry biomass, while effective bioconversion is maximized with high moisture biomass. To bridge this gap, the effect of moisture content on hybrid poplar bioconversion was investigated. Fresh hybrid poplar chips were both oven- and air-dried and rehydrated by soaking in water prior to SO2-catalyzed steam explosion. Following enzymatic hydrolysis, pretreated solids derived from air-dried and oven-dried chips (10% and 0% moisture content) were 11–24% less digestible than never-dried chips at 50% moisture content. Upon soaking the same poplar chips in water prior to SO2 impregnation, pretreatment, and hydrolysis, there was a dramatic improvement in digestibility of up to 44%, thought to be due to improved SO2 uptake and subsequent hemicellulose hydrolysis in the dried chips. Monomeric glucose and xylose yields after pretreatment and hydrolysis of over 500 kg/tonne raw biomass were achieved from oven-dried and soaked biomass compared to only 349 kg/tonne raw biomass for unsoaked oven-dried biomass. In contrast, no improvement was observed upon soaking for air-dried or never-dried hybrid poplar chips.
The Protective Value of Maternal Group BStreptococcusAntibodies: Quantitative and Functional Analysis of Naturally Acquired Responses to Capsular Polysaccharides and Pilus Proteins in European Maternal Sera (2016)

Maternal anti-capsular IgG concentrations above 1 µg/mL mediated GBS killing in vitro and were predicted to respectively reduce by 81% (95% confidence interval, 40%-100%) and 78% (45%-100%) the risk of GBS Ia and III early-onset disease in Europe.
Effect of molecular weight and crystallinity on poly(lactic acid) mechanical properties (1996)

Several samples of poly(lactic acid) with different molecular weights and tacticity have been prepared, and some PLLA injection moulded specimens have been annealed to promote their crystallization. From the characterization data, poly(L-lactide) showed more interesting mechanical properties than poly(D, L-lactide), and its behavior significantly improves with crystallization. In fact, annealed specimens possess higher values of tensional and flexural modulus of elasticity, Izod impact strength, and heat resistance. The plateau region of flexural strength as a function of molecular weights appears around Mv = 35,000 for PDLLA and amorphous PLLA and at higher molecular weight, around Mv = 55,000, for crystalline PLLA. The study of temperature effect shows that at 56°C only crystalline PLLA still exhibits useful mechanical properties. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thermal therapy in the Dunning AT-1 prostate tumor using a wet electrode RF probe (2003)

The effect of supraphysiological thermal therapy on tissue viability was investigated in an AT-1 Dunning rat prostate tumor model. After a thermal protocol was performed with concurrent temperature measurements, an in vivo-in vitro assay was used to assess cellular survival based on known thermal history and tetrazolium dye (TTC) and histology was used to evaluate overall tissue response 1, 3 and 7 days post ablation. The cellular study showed that survival gradually dropped to 0 with an increase in predicted injury (R) from 0.1 to 1. TTC analysis showed significant drop in enzyme activity and morphometry of histology revealed a significant increase in coagulative necrosis (p<0.01 for both studies) after each of 1, 3 and 7 days compared to sham tissue. These results show that controlled thermal destruction can be obtained in AT-1 prostate tumor using thermal therapy with no cellular survival at temperatures >47/spl deg/C for times /spl ges/a minute.
Internal Resistance Estimation of Li-ion Batteries using Wavelet Analysis (2022)

Lithium ion batteries have high energy density, long life cycle and light weight, which makes them the perfect choice for electric vehicles (EVs). Battery performances degrade with usage and time and this translates into a decreased charge capacity and an increased internal resistance. Internal resistance is directly related to the amount of deliverable power, therefore its estimation is of particular interest for EVs. In this paper, time-frequency wavelet analysis will be used to detect the fast transients of the output voltage of the battery in order to estimate the internal resistance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on the publicly available dataset from the Prognostics Data Repository of NASA.
Rational Design of Chelating Phosphine Functionalized Os(II) Emitters and Fabrication of Orange Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Solution Process (2007)

Abstract A new series of charge neutral Os (II) pyridyl azolate complexes with either bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) or cis ‐1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene (dppee) chelates were synthesized, and their structural, electrochemical, photophysical properties and thermodynamic relationship were established. For the dppm derivatives 3a and 4a , the pyridyl azolate chromophores adopt an eclipse orientation with both azolate segments aligned trans to each other, and with the pyridyl groups resided the sites that are opposite to the phosphorus atoms. In sharp contrast, the reactions with dppee ligand gave rise to the formation of two structural isomers for all three kind of azole chromophores, with both azolate or neutral heterocycles (i.e., pyridyl or isoquinolinyl fragments) located at the mutual trans ‐disposition around the Os metal (denoted as series of a and b complexes). These chelating phosphines Os (II) complexes show remarkably high thermal stability, among which and several exhibit nearly unitary phosphorescence yield in deaerated solution at RT. A polymer light‐emitting device (PLED) prepared using 0.4 mol % of 5a as dopant in a blend of poly(vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and 30 wt % of 2‐ tert ‐butylphenyl‐5‐biphenyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (PBD) exhibits yellow emission with brightness of 7208 cd m –2 , an external quantum efficiency of 10.4 % and luminous efficiency of 36.1 cd A –1 at current density of 20 mA cm –2 . Upon changing to 1.6 mol % of 6a , the result showed even better brightness of 9212 cd m –2 , external quantum efficiency of 12.5 % and luminous efficiency of 46.1 cd A –1 at 20 mA cm –2 , while the max. external quantum efficiency of both devices reaches as high as 11.7 % and 13.3 %, respectively. The high PL quantum efficiency, non‐ionic nature, and short radiative lifetime are believed to be the determining factors for this unprecedented achievement.
Identification and Validation of an Aspergillus nidulans Secondary Metabolite Derivative as an Inhibitor of the Musashi-RNA Interaction (2020)

RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a key regulator of several stem cell populations. MSI1 is involved in tumor proliferation and maintenance, and it regulates target mRNAs at the translational level. The known mRNA targets of MSI1 include <i>Numb</i>, <i>APC</i>, and <i>P21<sup>WAF-1</sup></i>, key regulators of Notch/Wnt signaling and cell cycle progression, respectively. In this study, we aim to identify small molecule inhibitors of MSI1-mRNA interactions, which could block the growth of cancer cells with high levels of MSI1. Using a fluorescence polarization (FP) assay, we screened small molecules from several chemical libraries for those that disrupt the binding of MSI1 to its consensus RNA. One cluster of hit compounds is the derivatives of secondary metabolites from <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i>. One of the top hits, Aza-9, from this cluster was further validated by surface plasmon resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which demonstrated that Aza-9 binds directly to MSI1, and the binding is at the RNA binding pocket. We also show that Aza-9 binds to Musashi-2 (MSI2) as well. To test whether Aza-9 has anti-cancer potential, we used liposomes to facilitate Aza-9 cellular uptake. Aza-9-liposome inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis and autophagy, and down-regulates Notch and Wnt signaling in colon cancer cell lines. In conclusion, we identified a series of potential lead compounds for inhibiting MSI1/2 function, while establishing a framework for identifying small molecule inhibitors of RNA binding proteins using FP-based screening methodology.
Trithorax and ASH1 Interact Directly and Associate with the Trithorax Group-Responsive bxd Region of the Ultrabithorax Promoter (1999)

Trithorax (TRX) and ASH1 belong to the trithorax group (trxG) of transcriptional activator proteins, which maintains homeotic gene expression during Drosophila development. TRX and ASH1 are localized on chromosomes and share several homologous domains with other chromatin-associated proteins, including a highly conserved SET domain and PHD fingers. Based on genetic interactions between trx and ash1 and our previous observation that association of the TRX protein with polytene chromosomes is ash1 dependent, we investigated the possibility of a physical linkage between the two proteins. We found that the endogenous TRX and ASH1 proteins coimmunoprecipitate from embryonic extracts and colocalize on salivary gland polytene chromosomes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TRX and ASH1 bind in vivo to a relatively small (4 kb) bxd subregion of the homeotic gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx), which contains several trx response elements. Analysis of the effects of ash1 mutations on the activity of this regulatory region indicates that it also contains ash1 response element(s). This suggests that ASH1 and TRX act on Ubx in relatively close proximity to each other. Finally, TRX and ASH1 appear to interact directly through their conserved SET domains, based on binding assays in vitro and in yeast and on coimmunoprecipitation assays with embryo extracts. Collectively, these results suggest that TRX and ASH1 are components that interact either within trxG protein complexes or between complexes that act in close proximity on regulatory DNA to maintain Ubx transcription.
Development of Vibration During the Electromagnetic Ring Expansion Test (2016)

Magnetic pulse forming (MPF) techniques work on the principle of Lorentz force induced by eddy current which can cause plastic deformation in a metal workpiece. Lorentz force depends on parameters such as frequency and amplitude of input current, electromagnetic properties of materials and distance between the work piece and coil. The development of vibration as a consequence of elastic strain recovery in a ring expansion process using a MPF technique has been identified and presented in this paper. Coupled mechanicalelectromagnetic 3D simulations were carried out to investigate the effect of various magnetic pulse currents in the development of reversal of motion during the MPF process using LS-DYNA package. Ring expansion using a multi-turn helix coil with an applied pulse current, with the rings made of aluminum alloy AA6061 –T6 is investigated for the effect of vibration during the process. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental work for various currents. The underlying principle of vibration and formability has respectively been studied using force analysis and stress analysis. The results also show that the 5.6kJ energy already increased the formability by ~66 percent in comparison with the quasi-static formability value from the literature.
Multi-loop Control Using Gershgorin and Ostrowski Bands (2014)

International audience
Group IV mid-infrared devices and circuits (2018)

In this paper we present silicon and germanium-based material platforms for the mid-infrared wavelength region and we report several active and passive devices realised in these materials. We particularly focus on devices and circuits for wavelengths longer than 7 micrometers.
Silica–titania hybrids for structurally robust inverse opals with controllable refractive index (2019)

Combining silica and titania precursors at varying ratios yields uniform hybrid inverse opal structures with adjustable structural and optical properties.
Combined assessment of S‐ and N‐specific IL‐2 and IL‐13 secretion and CD69 neo‐expression for discrimination of post–infection and post‐vaccination cellular SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific immune response (2022)

Along with N- and S-peptide-induced IL-2 and CD69 neo-expression, we suggest to include the type 2 cytokine IL-13 as T-cellular recall marker for SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cellular immune responses after infection and vaccination.
Selected aspects of the action of cobalt ions in the human body (2015)

Cobalt is widespread in the natural environment and can be formed as an effect of anthropogenic activity. This element is used in numerous industrial applications and nuclear power plants. Cobalt is an essential trace element for the human body and can occur in organic and inorganic forms. The organic form is a necessary component of vitamin B12 and plays a very important role in forming amino acids and some proteins in nerve cells, and in creating neurotransmitters that are indispensable for correct functioning of the organism. Its excess or deficiency will influence it unfavourably. Salts of cobalt have been applied in medicine in the treatment of anaemia, as well as in sport as an attractive alternative to traditional blood doping. Inorganic forms of cobalt present in ion form, are toxic to the human body, and the longer they are stored in the body, the more changes they cause in cells. Cobalt gets into the body in several ways: firstly, with food; secondly by the respiratory system; thirdly, by the skin; and finally, as a component of biomaterials. Cobalt and its alloys are fundamental components in orthopaedic implants and have been used for about 40 years. The corrosion of metal is the main problem in the construction of implants. These released metal ions may cause type IV inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions, and alternations in bone modelling that lead to aseptic loosening and implant failure. The ions of cobalt released from the surface of the implant are absorbed by present macrophages, which are involved in many of the processes associated with phagocytose orthopaedic biomaterials particles and release pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and prostaglandin.
ChemInform Abstract: EINFACHE SYNTH. VON GERMANIUMDIBROMID, HEXABROMDIGERMAN UND TRIBROMMETHYLTRIBROMGERMAN (1972)

Abstract Das nach neuem Verfahren aus Ge‐Pulver und Brom oder aus Ge‐Pulver, Ge(IV)‐ bromid und Brom bei 450°C synthetisierte isolierte, reine Ge(II)‐bromid wird in heißen nichtpolaren Lösungsmitteln zu Ge‐subbromiden disproportioniert, lagert sich jedoch in eine Ge‐Br‐Bindung von Ge(IV)‐bromid in siedendem Toluol unter Bildung von Hexabromdigerman (25%) ein, das ebenfalls in geringer Menge bei der Synthese von Ge(II)‐bromid anfallt und dessen Kristalldaten angegeben sind.
MU-MIMO with Localized Downlink Base Station Cooperation and Downtilted Antennas (2009)

Multi-cellular radio systems are often limited due to the presence of cochannel interference. Proposed physical layer concepts, e.g. coordinated joint transmission and interference rejection combining, try to strengthen the signal while combating the interference. It is well known that base station cooperation yields great capacity improvement for downlink multi-antenna cellular networks. However, the proposed solutions assume a central processing unit, coordinating the information exchange and thus determining the optimal resource allocation of the overall cellular network. Recently multi-user eigenmode transmission was proposed to relax the constraint of channel state information at the transmitter. It requires the terminals to feed back their dominant eigenmodes only. To reduce the computational costs and the information exchange further, we consider limited localized base station cooperation. We demonstrate potential capacity gains in a cellular orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system using real 3D measured antenna patterns and the scaling with the number of cooperating antenna arrays. Additionally, we use minimum mean square error equalization at the terminal side to combat residual cochannel interference.
Calcium-transport function of the chick embryonic chorioallantoic membrane ii. functional involvement of calcium-binding protein, Ca2+ -atpase and carbonic anhydrase (1986)

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of active calcium transport in the chick embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) by assessing the functional involvement of three previously identified, putative components of the transport pathway. These components are a calcium-binding protein (CaBP), Ca2+-activated ATPase and carbonic anhydrase. Using specific reagents, including antibodies and enzyme inhibitors in vivo and in vitro in CAM calcium uptake assays, it was shown that these biochemically identified components were all functionally involved. The results of these studies also indicate that active calcium uptake by the CAM requires the presence of the CaBP on the cell surface in a laterally mobile manner, while carbonic anhydrase appeared to be a cytosolic component. We further analysed the subcellular location of the calcium-uptake activity by gel filtration and density-gradient fractionation of cell-free microsomes of the CAM and the results suggest that this activity is associated with the plasma membrane.
Validation of a new UNIX-based quantitative coronary angiographic system for the measurement of coronary artery lesions (1997)

We describe a method of validation of computerized quantitative coronary arteriography and report the results of a new UNIX-based quantitative coronary arteriography software program developed for rapid on-line (digital) and off-line (digital or cinefilm) analysis. The UNIX operating system is widely available in computer systems using very fast processors and has excellent graphics capabilities. The system is potentially compatible with any cardiac digital x-ray system for on-line analysis and has been designed to incorporate an integrated database, have on-line and immediate recall capabilities, and provide digital access to all data. The accuracy (mean signed differences of the observed minus the true dimensions) and precision (pooled standard deviations of the measurements) of the program were determined x-ray vessel phantoms. Intra- and interobserver variabilities were assessed from in vivo studies during routine clinical coronary arteriography. Precision from the x-ray phantom studies (6-In. field of view) for digital images was 0.066 mm and for digitized cine images was 0.060 mm. Accuracy was 0.076 mm (overestimation) for digital images compared to 0.008 mm for digitized cine images. Diagnostic coronary catheters were also used for calibration; accuracy.varied according to size of catheter and whether or not they were filled with iodinated contrast. Intra- and interobserver variabilities were excellent and indicated that coronary lesion measurements were relatively user-independent. Thus, this easy to use and very fast UNIX based program appears to be robust with optimal accuracy and precision for clinical and research applications.
Multidimensional Rational Approximations With an Application to Linear Transforms (2004)

We discuss two new algorithms for the calculation of simultaneous rational approximations with specific computational characteristics. These approximations are used for efficient calculation of linear transforms. We develop an application in compression using the discrete cosine transform (DCT); however, the methods are also applicable to other integer transforms. To facilitate efficient multiplierless implementation for small field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other low-cost processing elements, the rational approximations must have controlled precision (bits), and the numerators must use a minimum number of adds and shifts over the coefficient vector (minimum "length" representation). Our first method uses successive approximation of the coefficients in a suboptimal algorithm with low computational complexity to achieve low-length representations. The convergence of this method is analyzed, along with the closeness of the approximations. The suitability of this method for computational implementation, along with the quality of its representations, are evaluated in the context of continued fraction algorithms. The method is shown to be suitable for real-time computation for algorithms such as JPEG-2000. The second method, which finds the lowest length representation, requires more computation but is tractable for offline computation. This method employs search tree pruning and provides a lower bound for the representation length at each iteration. The computational complexity of this method is analyzed and compared with experimental results.
A novel small-molecule MRCK inhibitor blocks cancer cell invasion (2014)

BDP5290 is a potent MRCK inhibitor with activity in cells, resulting in reduced MLC phosphorylation, cell motility and tumour cell invasion. The discovery of this compound will enable further investigations into the biological activities of MRCK proteins and their contributions to cancer progression.
New-Generation Ultrasonic Measurements for Quantitative Cement Evaluation in Heavy Muds and Thick-Wall Casings (2016)

In this paper, we describe major improvements to ultrasonic logging techniques used for cement evaluation. Specifically, we explain engineering solutions developed to tackle known limitations such as logging in heavy (ultrasonically attenuative) muds, and very large and very thick pipes. On the hardware side, new heavy mud/thick casing transducers are presented together with dedicated large-diameter logging heads for both pulse-echo and pitch-catch (flexural attenuation) techniques. On the processing side, we present a novel pulse-echo inversion scheme, based on real time inversion using accurate 3D models for metrology accuracy and a new scheme that does not require a priori knowledge of mud properties (specifically its acoustic impedance, Zmud). Through this, Zmud becomes an output parameter of this novel processing and we present field examples of such logs where we now image features such as mud deposition and segregation in deviated pipes. This new processing enables easier and more accurate interpretation of the cement sheath together with critical information on the logging fluid. The validity of the measurement across the operating range is demonstrated in this paper through results from both high precision laboratory measurements and several logs acquired during the last few years' field test campaign. Together with the fundamental sensor and processing improvements, we present engineering changes to the logging platform, enabling up to three times faster logging and accurate well site logs delivered right after rig down. Finally, we demonstrate that the combination of the pulse-echo and pitch-catch techniques, with its high azimuthal resolution, can probe the annulus up to the cement/formation or cement/second casing interface, making it a powerful technique for cement evaluation. Previous limitations (such as mud weight, casing size and thickness) have been overcome and this has been fully demonstrated in both the laboratory and the field. Thus ultrasonic cement evaluation techniques now enable accurate and critical decisions to be made–from well construction to plugging and abandonment–in all conditions, casing sizes, and mud and cement types.