gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
JackHammer: Efficient Rowhammer on Heterogeneous FPGA-CPU Platforms (2019)

After years of development, FPGAs are finally making an appearance on multi-tenant cloud servers. These heterogeneous FPGA-CPU architectures break common assumptions about isolation and security boundaries. Since the FPGA and CPU architectures share hardware resources, a new class of vulnerabilities requires us to reassess the security and dependability of these platforms. In this work, we analyze the memory and cache subsystem and study Rowhammer and cache attacks enabled on two proposed heterogeneous FPGA-CPU platforms by Intel: the Arria 10 GX with an integrated FPGA-CPU platform, and the Arria 10 GX PAC expansion card which connects the FPGA to the CPU via the PCIe interface. We show that while Intel PACs currently are immune to cache attacks from FPGA to CPU, the integrated platform is indeed vulnerable to Prime and Probe style attacks from the FPGA to the CPU's last level cache. Further, we demonstrate JackHammer, a novel and efficient Rowhammer from the FPGA to the host's main memory. Our results indicate that a malicious FPGA can perform twice as fast as a typical Rowhammer attack from the CPU on the same system and causes around four times as many bit flips as the CPU attack. We demonstrate the efficacy of JackHammer from the FPGA through a realistic fault attack on the WolfSSL RSA signing implementation that reliably causes a fault after an average of fifty-eight RSA signatures, 25% faster than a CPU rowhammer attack. In some scenarios our JackHammer attack produces faulty signatures more than three times more often and almost three times faster than a conventional CPU rowhammer attack.
Gate-Drain Charge Analysis for Switching in Power Trench MOSFETs (2004)

For the switching performance of low-voltage (LV) power MOSFETs, the gate-drain charge density (Q/sub gd/) is an important parameter. The so-called figure-of-merit, which is defined as the product of the specific on-resistance (R/sub ds,on/) and Q/sub gd/ is commonly used for quantifying the switching performance for a specified off-state breakdown voltage (BV/sub ds/). In this paper, we analyzed the switching behavior in power trench MOSFETs by using experiments and simulations, focusing on the charge density Q/sub gd/. The results of this analysis can be used for further optimization of these devices. The results show that the Q/sub d/ can be split into three charge contributions: accumulation, depletion, and inversion charge. It is shown that the inversion charge is located mainly underneath the trench bottom. The accumulation and depletion charge contribute each about 45% in conventional LV trench MOSFETs and can be reduced by using a thick bottom oxide in a shallow trench gate just extending in the drift region. Further, we derived an analytical model for calculating the Q/sub gd/, that takes into account the geometry dependence.
Abstract LB-422: Photodynamic ablation of lymphatic vessels and intralymphatic cancer cells prevents metastasis (2011)

Abstract The dissemination of tumor cells (metastasis) from the primary tumor is the principal cause of death in cancer patients. The lymphatic vessels serve as a key conduit for metastasizing tumor cells, which often colonize the lymph nodes first. Although the primary tumor and lymph nodes invaded by tumor cells are removed during surgery, tumor cells inside lymphatic vessels are not removed. Here, we demonstrate tumor cell growth inside lymphatic vessels in mice bearing mouse melanoma tumors or human lung tumors and in a human melanoma patient, suggesting that these in-transit tumor cells give rise to metastases. We selectively destroyed lymphatic vessels using photodynamic therapy with the benzoporphyrin derivative verteporfin in mice and pigs. Destruction of tumor-draining lymphatic vessels also eradicated intralymphatic tumor cells, and prevented in-transit metastasis of mouse melanoma cells and subsequent relapse. Photodynamic therapy, when combined with anti-lymphangiogenic therapy, prevented further tumor invasion of lymphatic vessels and may provide a way to eradicate in-transit tumor cells in patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-422. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-422
Effects of spaceflight and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 on rat bone properties (1997)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ted A. Bateman, Reed A. Ayers, Michael L. Spetzler, Steven J. Simske, Robert J. Zimmerman; Effects of spaceflight and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 on rat bone properties. AIP Conference Proceedings 10 January 1997; 387 (1): 901–906. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.52097 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Density Measurements for Ethane, Carbon Dioxide, and Methane + Nitrogen Mixtures from 300 to 470 K up to 137 MPa Using a Vibrating Tube Densimeter (2016)

This paper presents experimental p–ρ–T measurements for nitrogen + methane mixtures containing approximately 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mole fraction methane at T = 300, 350, 400, and 470 K with p = 10–137 MPa. Methane, nitrogen, and argon are used as calibration fluids, and measurements on carbon dioxide and ethane verify the calibration methodology. An error contribution analysis indicates that the expanded uncertainty (95% confidence limit) is 0.1 kg·m–3 for densities lower than 200 kg·m–3 and 0.0005·ρ for higher densities. The GERG-2008 equation of state describes the measurements for all three mixtures to within ±0.0015·ρ with the largest deviations occurring at the highest pressures.
User's Profile-Driven Resource Reservation for WiMAX Networks (2008)

This work presents an algorithm that aims at maximizing the network efficiency while meeting QoS requirements for different classes of users mobile in a scenario that supports the integration of wireless broadband networks such as WiMAX. The presented algorithm exploits the behavior of the mobile user, depicted in a user profile, for (i) refining the set of cells foreseen for the next handover process, taking into account the class of user as well as both the service and the network contexts, and (ii) proactive reserving resources for the cell chosen for the next handover. This algorithm is validated through an extensive simulation approach, corroborating the expected improvements.
Detection of prognostic cancer-specific circular RNA in plasma. (2021)

3032 Background: Earlier detection of cancer could lead to improved outcomes. Non-invasive biomarkers are integral for early detection, and protein and DNA-based assays have been previously described for this purpose. Evaluation of highly expressed circulating RNA would improve upon existing methods by allowing for quantitation, however RNA expression in plasma is low. Circular RNA (circRNA) is formed by alternative backsplicing and provide resistance to exoribonclease-mediated degradation. Therefore, circRNA is more stable in plasma and could potentially be more easily detected non-invasively. Here, we report results from a novel assay that identifies and quantitates expression of circRNA in cancer plasma. Methods: Cancer-specific circRNA targets were identified by analyzing differential expression and abundance based on capture RNA sequencing in tissues. CircRNA-specific probes were designed and validated by stable expression with RNAse R incubation. Expression of selected circRNA isoforms were measured using a quantitative PCR-based assay. For breast cancer specimens, plasma was collected from a cohort of 36 patients and 12 normal female controls without known cancer diagnosis. Expression was determined by normalizing signal to two averaged universally expressed circRNAs. Differential expression for each target was determined for cancer vs. normal and stratified based on ER and HER2 positivity as well as stage. Results: Normalized expression of seven proposed breast cancer-specific circRNA targets was determined for all patients in the cohort. All targets demonstrated resistance to RNAse R-mediated degradation in breast cancer cell lines. In the breast cancer cohort, CircTRPS1 expression was higher in cancer plasma than normal, trending toward significance. Expression of circTRPS1 was significantly more common in ER-negative than ER-positive breast cancer (p = 0.02). CircPDHX expression was elevated in normal plasma compared to cancer and relatively higher in ER-positive than ER-negative cancer (p = 0.05). Median expression in plasma was elevated in cancer specimens compared to normal for CircVAV3, circDNAH14, and circCDYL. CircERBB2 expression was also relatively higher in HER2-positive cancer when compared to other targets. Higher expression significantly positively correlated with metastatic disease for circERBB2 (p = 0.01) and circCDYL (p = 0.005) and negatively correlated with metastasis for circWDR78 (p = 0.02). Conclusions: CircRNA are promising biomarkers for early non-invasive detection of cancer. We identified seven circRNA biomarkers in breast cancer plasma which correlated with clinical characteristics. Three circRNAs were significantly prognostic for metastatic breast cancer. Identification of additional cancer-specific targets and multiplexing markers is underway. This assay is generalizable to other cancers, and similar studies in prostate and bladder cancer are in progress.
Voxel2Mesh: 3D Mesh Model Generation from Volumetric Data (2020)

CNN-based volumetric methods that label individual voxels now dominate the field of biomedical segmentation. However, 3D surface representations are often required for proper analysis. They can be obtained by post-processing the labeled volumes which typically introduces artifacts and prevents end-to-end training. In this paper, we therefore introduce a novel architecture that goes directly from 3D image volumes to 3D surfaces without post-processing and with better accuracy than current methods. We evaluate it on Electron Microscopy and MRI brain images as well as CT liver scans. We will show that it outperforms state-of-the-art segmentation methods.
Single-crystal fiber lasers for high-power applications (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Single crystal fibers are currently being developed for high power single frequency lasers in 1-2 µm region. Crystal fibers offer several advantages over traditional glass fibers such as silica fiber due to their higher thermal conductivity and higher stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) thresholds, along with excellent environmental stability and higher doping concentrations. Yb3+ and Ho3+ doped single crystal YAG fibers with diameters down to 17 µm and lengths >1m long have been grown using our state-of-the-art Laser Heated Pedestal Growth system. Single and double cladded rare earth doped crystal fibers have been fabricated using glasses where optical and physical properties were precisely matched to the core single crystal fiber. We also show successful fabrication of all crystalline core/clad fibers where thermal and optical properties are superior over glass based fibers. Various fabrication methods, optical characterization and gain measurements on these clad fibers will be reported.
Electron-transfer processes: oxidation of arylacetic acids by peroxydisulphate in acetic acid (1981)

The oxidation of arylacetic acids by peroxydisulphate in acetic acid media in the presence of potassium and coppe-(II) acetates leads to the corresponding benzylacetates. The mechanism of the reaction is rationalized by the occurence of two pathways: the intermediate formation of aromatic radical cations or the direct decarboxylation of the arylacetate ion. The importance of acetic acid as a rection medium is stressed.
Supplementary Methods from Canonical Wnt Signaling Is Required for Pancreatic Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 191K, Detailed experimental procedures including tables for the antibodies and primers used in our study, as well as additional references.&lt;/p&gt;
Microscopic Study on Excitation and Emission Enhancement by the Plasmon Mode on a Plasmonic Chip (2020)

Excitation and emission enhancement by using the plasmon mode formed on a plasmonic chip was studied with a microscope and micro-spectroscope. Surface plasmon resonance wavelengths were observed on one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) plasmonic chips by measuring reflection and transmission spectra, and they were assigned to the plasmon modes predicted by the theoretical resonance wavelengths. The excitation and emission enhancements were evaluated using the fluorescence intensity of yellow-green fluorescence particles. The 2D grating had plasmon modes of kgx45(2) (diagonal direction with m = 2) in addition to the fundamental mode of kgx(1) (direction of a square one side) in the visible range. In epifluorescence detection, the excitation enhancement factors of kgx(2) on the 1D and 2D chips were found to be 1.3-1.4, and the emission enhancement factor of kgx45(2) on the 2D chip was 1.5-1.8, although the emission enhancement was not found on the 1D chip. Moreover, enhancement factors for the other fluorophores were also studied. The emission enhancement factor of kgx(1) was shown to depend on the fluorescence quantum yield. The emission enhancement of 2D was 1.3-fold larger than that of 1D considering all azimuth components, and the 2D pattern was shown to be advantageous for bright fluorescence microscopic observation.
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus shows synergistic effects with rapamycin against triple-negative breast cancer (2013)

Gholami, Sepideh MD; Chen, Chun-hao MD; Lou, Emil MD, PhD; Marano, Drew BS; Belin, Laurence J. MD, MPH; Bromberg, Jacqueline MD, PhD; Chou, Ting-Chao PhD; Fong, Yuman MD, FACS Author Information
Cryptotrichosporon anacardiigen. nov., sp. nov., a new trichosporonoid capsulate basidiomycetous yeast from Nigeria that is able to form melanin on niger seed agar (2006)

Five yeast isolates obtained from cashew tree flowers in Nigeria resembled Cryptococcus neoformans phenotypically by producing brown pigmented colonies on niger seed agar, expressing a capsule, and being able to grow at 37 degrees C. However, rRNA gene sequences, including the 18S rRNA gene, the D1/D2 domains of the 26S rRNA gene and the ITS1+2 regions, suggested that these yeasts form a basal lineage within the Trichosporonales (Tremellomycetidae, Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycota, Fungi). Since the isolates could not be identified with any known genus and species within the Trichosporonales, we describe them as Cryptotrichosporon anacardii gen. et sp. nov. with CBS 9551(T) (=NRRL Y-27671) as the type strain. The taxonomic conflict between phenetic and molecular classification schemes within this group of fungi is discussed, and is resolved in favor of the latter.
Sequential analysis of early hematopoietic reconstitution following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (1996)

Using in situ hybridization with an X and Y chromosome probe mixture, we have sequentially studied peripheral blood samples from 10 patients (four males/six females) in an HLA-matched allogeneic setting in order to monitor the kinetics of early hematopoietic reconstitution. Interphase cells from smears consisting of purified granulocytic and lymphocytic populations respectively were studied in three patients at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-transplant. This period was arbitrarily defined as the immediate post-transplant period. These three patients plus seven others were studied sequentially at days 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 50 post-transplant, defined as the intermediate post-transplant period. The X and Y probes were indirectly labelled with rhodamine and fluoresceine isothiocyanate, respectively. Donor neutrophils were detected as early as 24 h post marrow infusion followed by a significant expansion at 48 h. At 96 h post-transplant, the median percentage of donor neutrophils was > 90%. In the immediate post-transplant period, most of the lymphocytes were of recipient origin. However, we have documented a significant expansion in donor lymphocytes, starting at day 5 post-transplant in most patients. Almost complete chimerism for the myeloid and lymphoid lineages was established at days 10 and 25 post-transplant, respectively. All patients engrafted normally according to standard clinical criteria. Follow-up data for those surviving > or = 100 days (eight patients), showed persistence of this pattern of hematopoietic reconstitution in all but one patient. Molecular monitoring of early engraftment has enabled us to unravel a distinct biphasic pattern of myeloid and lymphoid engraftment.
Team Jarts Rocket Design (1970)

The objective of the 2012 Wisconsin Space Grand Consortium collegiate rocket competition was to construct a rocket capable of live video feed through the thrust phase while flying to an exact altitude of 3,000 feet. The airframe of the rocket was designed utilizing a simplistic, low weight design to provide a properly balanced rocket. The main chute was designed for two separate scenarios of deployment; the first scenario involves a remote controlled manual deployment, and the other is activated by an automatic elevation trigger, which will serve as a failsafe to ensure the rocket makes a safe landing. A numerical simulation, developed in MATLAB, was used to predict the performance of the rocket. The maximum predicted acceleration calculated is 506 ð’‡ð’•/ð’”ðŸ, and the maximum predicted altitude calculated is 3480.6 ð’‡ð’†ð’†ð’•. Further analysis of the rocket design and discrepancies are attached below.Â
ChemInform Abstract: ENANTIOSPECIFIC SYNTHESES OF INTERMEDIATES IN THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF PSEUDOMONIC ACIDS (1983)

Aus D-Arabinose (Ia) erhält man über das Brom-acetat (Ib) und anschliessende Reduktion l ,5-Anhydro-D-arabinit (Ic), aus dem der cyclische Orthoester (II) erhalten wird.
Efficient and Truthful Bandwidth Allocation in Wireless Mesh Community Networks (2014)

Nowadays, the maintenance costs of wireless devices represent one of the main limitations to the deployment of wireless mesh networks (WMNs) as a means to provide Internet access in urban and rural areas. A promising solution to this issue is to let the WMN operator lease its available bandwidth to a subset of customers, forming a wireless mesh community network, in order to increase network coverage and the number of residential users it can serve. In this paper, we propose and analyze an innovative marketplace to allocate the available bandwidth of a WMN operator to those customers who are willing to pay the higher price for the requested bandwidth, which in turn can be subleased to other residential users. We formulate the allocation mechanism as a combinatorial truthful auction considering the key features of wireless multihop networks and further present a greedy algorithm that finds efficient and fair allocations even for large-scale, real scenarios while maintaining the truthfulness property. Numerical results show that the greedy algorithm represents an efficient, fair, and practical alternative to the combinatorial auction mechanism.
Under Pressure: Mechanochemical Effects on Structure and Ion Conduction in the Sodium-Ion Solid Electrolyte Na3PS4 (2020)

&lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Fast-ion conductors are critical to the development of solid-state batteries. The effects of mechanochemical synthesis that lead to increased ionic conductivity in an archetypical sodium-ion conductor Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; are not fully understood. We present here a comprehensive analysis based on diffraction (Bragg, pair distribution function), spectroscopy (impedance, Raman, NMR, INS) and &lt;i&gt;ab-initio&lt;/i&gt; simulations aimed at elucidating the synthesis-property relationships in Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. We consolidate previously reported interpretations about the local structure of ball-milled samples, underlining the sodium disorder and showing that a local tetragonal framework more accurately describes the structure than the originally proposed cubic one. Through variable-pressure impedance spectroscopy measurements, we report for the first time the activation volume for Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; migration in Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, which is ~30% higher for the ball-milled samples. Moreover, we show that the effect of ball-milling on increasing the ionic conductivity of Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; to ~10&lt;sup&gt;-4&lt;/sup&gt; S/cm can be reproduced by applying external pressure on a sample from conventional high temperature ceramic synthesis. We conclude that the key effects of mechanochemical synthesis on the properties of solid electrolytes can be analyzed and understood in terms of pressure, strain and activation volume.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Oncogenic Splicing Factor SRSF1 Is a Critical Transcriptional Target of MYC (2012)

The SR protein splicing factor SRSF1 is a potent proto-oncogene that is frequently upregulated in cancer. Here, we show that SRSF1 is a direct target of the transcription factor oncoprotein MYC. These two oncogenes are significantly coexpressed in lung carcinomas, and MYC knockdown downregulates SRSF1 expression in lung-cancer cell lines. MYC directly activates transcription of SRSF1 through two noncanonical E-boxes in its promoter. The resulting increase in SRSF1 protein is sufficient to modulate alternative splicing of a subset of transcripts. In particular, MYC induction leads to SRSF1-mediated alternative splicing of the signaling kinase MKNK2 and the transcription factor TEAD1. SRSF1 knockdown reduces MYC's oncogenic activity, decreasing proliferation and anchorage-independent growth. These results suggest a mechanism for SRSF1 upregulation in tumors with elevated MYC and identify SRSF1 as a critical MYC target that contributes to its oncogenic potential by enabling MYC to regulate the expression of specific protein isoforms through alternative splicing.
Mechanism of release of active alpha subunit from dimeric alpha beta avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase (1976)

Storage of the dimeric (alphabeta) form of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) DNA polymerase in glycerol resulted in the release of the smaller alpha subunit, as detected by glycerol gradient sedimentation. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of enzyme stored in glycerol showed the concomitant appearance of several polypeptides and a lowering in the level of both beta and alpha components. This reduction appears to be the result of cleavages introduced by traces of hydrolytic activity present in glycerol samples. An enhancement of alpha subunit released, as detected by activity profile, was also achieved upon direct but limited exposure of purified avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase to carboxymethyl-cellulose-bound trypsin matrix. Electrophoretic analysis of digested enzyme revealed a progressive fragmentation, with simultaneous increase in the alpha subunit and decrease in the beta subunit.