gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Creation of Engineering Artifacts by Geographically-Distributed Teams (2019)

It is common practice today for engineering development projects to be partitioned across multiple, geographically-distributed work locations, often in multiple times zones, and at times, in different countries. Underlying this practice is an implied assumption that the tools and services provided by such the electronic collaboration infrastructure (e.g., electronic mail, audio and video teleconferencing, group on-line editing, sharable file repositories, etc.) used to interconnect the people at these various sites is adequate for supporting such geographically-distributed teams, facilitating their inter-personal communications and collaboration. The goal is for collaborative work to be accomplished with little or no physical travel between these geographically-distributed work sites. In this paper, we describe research conducted to test the validity of this hypothesis, within the domain of projects intended to develop complex, software-intensive systems, of the sort used by the aerospace and energy industries. We discovered important limitations in such electronic collaboration infrastructures, which limit their ability to support such geographically-distributed collaborative development. Specifically, we found that (for large-scale complex systems development) there is evidence that such mechanisms are effective for geographically-distributed review of engineering artifacts, but that they are not effective for geographically-distributed creation of such artifacts. Understanding this distinction is therefore crucial for effective project management. Such an understanding also identifies topics for future research and development: the need to create more effective mechanisms to support the geographically-distributed creation of complex engineering artifacts. To this end, we present findings from our research on how collaborative generation of engineering artifacts occurs, what are the specific challenges that arise from various modes of geographically-distributed project implementation, and why (within the considered problem domain) current electronic collaboration infrastructure tools are not effective to support this geographically-distributed engineering creation. We conclude by postulating mechanisms and methods that are beginning to contribute to the development of effective tools for geographically-distributed creation of complex engineering artifacts.
Growth of thick InGaN layers by tri-halide vapor phase epitaxy (2014)

This is the first study to report InGaN growth by tri-halide vapor phase epitaxy (THVPE) using InCl 3 and GaCl 3 generated by the reactions between metal sources (i.e., metallic indium and gallium) and gaseous chlorine. The influence of the surface orientation of the initial substrate on InGaN-THVPE growth was investigated using freestanding (0001) and GaN substrates. Only a N-polar InGaN epitaxial layer was obtained by THVPE because of the instability of GaCl 3 adsorption toward nitrogen atoms on the Ga-polar surface. In addition, we investigated the influence of the group-III input partial pressure on the growth rate and solid composition of InGaN layers grown on a GaN substrate. The growth rate increased linearly with group-III concentration, and a maximum growth rate of 15.6 µm/h was achieved at P III = 2.0 × 10 −3 atm.
Control of cytokine mRNA degradation by the histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes: beyond transcriptional regulation (2018)

Our study identifies that regulation of cytokine mRNA stability is a predominant mechanism underlying ITF2357 anti-inflammatory properties, occurring via regulation of TTP. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of ITF2357 in the treatment of RA.
Hypervelocity supersonic nozzle beam source of atomic oxygen (1984)

A hypervelocity source of atomic oxygen was developed. Dissociation of molecular oxygen is accomplished by injection into a flow of helium and/or argon which has been heated in a commercial plasma torch. Atomic velocities of up to 4 kms(-1) were produced; recent improvements offer the possibility of even higher velocities. This source was utilized in studies of translational-to-vibrational energy transfer in carbon dioxide and in an investigation of the shuttle glow effect.
Conical optics: the solution to confine light (2007)

We compare the performances in terms of confinement and depth of field of spherical and conical optics. It turns out that, if the spherical optics is adapted to the usual parallel imaging, conical optics seems to be the optimized solution for systems based on scanning (sequential imaging). It is shown that the optimized confinement capability of conical optics is due to the ability of conical components to generate a single Bessel beam with high efficiency. The calculations are based on Weyl formulas.
Toward accurate models of achievable routing (2001)

Models of achievable routing, i.e., chip wireability, rely on estimates of available and required routing resources. Required routing resources are estimated from placement or (a priori) using wire length estimation models. Available routing resources are estimated by calculating a nominal "supply" then take into account such factors as the efficiency of the router and the impact of vias. Models of achievable routing can be used to optimize interconnect process parameters for future designs or to supply objectives that guide layout tools to promising solutions. Such models must be accurate in order to be useful and must support empirical verification and calibration by actual routing results. In this paper, we discuss the validation of such models and we apply our validation process to three existing models. We find notable inaccuracies in the existing models when matched against real data. We then present a thorough analysis of the assumptions underlying these models. Based on this analysis, we discuss requirements for predictors of routing resources and make suggestions for a new model of achievable routing.
Effect of packaging films on storage stability of intermediate‐moisture deep‐fried mackerel (1995)

Summary A storage stability study was conducted on intermediate moisture deep‐fried mackerel packed in polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) for 12 weeks at 27°C. Water activity increased significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) during 12 weeks storage from 0.80 to 0.86, 0.88 and 0.91 for PP‐, HDPE‐ and LDPE‐packed samples, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid values increased significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) in all packaging films, most rapidly in the LDPE‐packed samples. the physical firmness of the samples decreased similarly and was closely related to the amount of moisture absorbed during storage. Microbial count was low initially but increased most rapidly in LDPE‐packed samples. Sensory evaluation showed that samples packed in PP and HDPE were acceptable for up to 8 weeks storage but for less than 4 weeks in LDPE.
Supplementary Figure S4 from A Dendritic Cell Vaccine Pulsed with Autologous Hypochlorous Acid-Oxidized Ovarian Cancer Lysate Primes Effective Broad Antitumor Immunity: From Bench to Bedside (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4 - PDF file 84K, A-B, Quantification of % Treg cells in subjects' pre- and post-vaccine PBMCs. C, fold-increase in serum cytokines and chemokines of subjects at EOS. Line indicated a 1 fold-increase from 1st OCDC vaccine to EOS&lt;/p&gt;
5-HT1A Receptors in Anxiety (1991)

Brain 5-HT receptors have been classified in at least six subtypes (5-HT1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2 AND 3; Peroutka, 1988), among which the 5-HT1A subtype has been the focus of intense research during the last few years. This receptor type is located both presynaptically on the 5-HT cell bodies (somatodendritic receptors), predominantly in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei and postsynaptically, predominantly in the limbic system (Verge et al., 1985; Weissmann-Nanopoulos et al., 1985). Activation of presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors with 5-HT1A ligands inhibits serotonergic neurotransmission (Hamon et al., 1988; Hjorth and Magnusson, 1988; Sharp et al., 1989a, b) and the physiological role of these receptors is probably to provide the brain with an autoinhibitory feedback system controlling 5-HT neurotransmission. At the postsynaptic level, activation of 5-HT1A receptors results in neuronal inhibition, the consequences of which are not well understood (e.g. Sprouse and Aghajanian, 1988; Martin and Mason, 1987).
Probe microloading effect of in-situ etch in EPROM stack-gate process (1998)

An unpredictable significant microloading effect occurs between array and low photoresist ratio area when C2F6Cl2 and HBr are used as etch gas to define EPROM stack gate. Although we have examined etch time for array is enough, much poly residue still exist on those test keys with low photoresist ratio areas that lead to failure of electric parameter. On array area, polymer formed from C2F6 reactant gas trends to accumulate upon side-wall. Oppositely on the low photoresist area, there is almost not nay side-wall that can offer the medium absorbed by polymer. It will fall down and deposits upon poly surface. That will be a barrier. In the beginning, sufficient etch time often result from under- etch issue. We have modified etch time to get best optimal condition. Now, this issue does not occur any more.
<title>Dispersion-enhanced wavelength division multiplexing</title> (1997)

Wavelength division demultiplexer based on dispersive volume holograms and axial graded index (AGRIN) lenses is presented in this paper. The dispersive volume hologram was fabricated with DuPont photopolymer with two beam interference method. Close to 99 percent center wavelength diffraction efficiency was achieved and the dispersion property of a volume hologram was characterized with a mode-locked femto-second laser source. The experimental data were found to conform well with the theoretical derivations. Axial graded index (AGRIN) lenses have been sued as focusing elements to separate light with different incident angles after dispersive volume holograms. By using dispersive volume holograms and AGRIN lenses, a wavelength division demultiplexer with 1540 nm center wavelength and a 4 nm channel separation was demonstrated. By using two stacked holograms, light dispersion can be further enhanced up to five times. Therefore smaller devices and smaller channel separations can be realized.
Beyond time-frequency analysis: energy densities in one and many dimensions (2002)

Given a unitary operator A representing a physical quantity of interest, we employ concepts from group representation theory to define two natural signal energy densities for A. The first is invariant to A and proves useful when the effect of A is to be ignored; the second is covariant to A and measures the "A" content of signals. The construction is quite general and is also easily extended to the multi-operator case, which generalizes previously derived joint densities such as the time-frequency and time-scale distributions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Concomitant administration of hapten and IL-2-toxin (DAB486-IL-2) results in specific deletion of antigen-activated T cell clones. (1990)

During the proliferative burst after Ag recognition, T cells express cell-surface, high-affinity IL-2R. The importance of IL-2R+ T cells in supporting/mediating tissue injury has been documented by the ability of mAb anti-IL2R therapies to prevent allograft rejection and autoimmunity. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, an experimental model of T-dependent immunity, offers the possibility of studying responses mounted against defined Ag. We previously reported that the chimeric IL-2 toxin (DAB486-IL-2) prevents DTH responses and selectively eliminates activated IL-2R bearing CD4 and CD8 T cells from lymph nodes draining the site of inflammation. We have examined the duration of immunosuppression and relative specificity of action of DAB486-IL-2 and anti-CD3 mAb for Ag-activated clones in a murine model of DTH using two different noncross-reacting haptens. Treatment with DAB486-IL-2 generates a state of selective unresponsiveness to subsequent challenge with the hapten introduced during the therapeutic period. Immediately after cessation of DAB486-IL-2 therapy, immunization with an unrelated hapten induces a normal vigorous immune response. By comparison, anti-CD3 mAb treatment causes a broad immunosuppression because unrelated haptens introduced after anti-CD3 therapy do not evoke a vigorous immune response. After cessation of DAB486-IL-2 toxin treatment response to the hapten is eventually restored probably by cells trafficking from the thymus, because thymectomized hosts remain unresponsive to the hapten. Taken together these data reinforce the role of the IL-2R as an important target for immunosuppression in T cell-mediated immune reactions. DAB-486-IL-2 treatment confers highly selective immunosuppression.
ICOS deficiency results in defective ILC2 expansion, impaired Th2 responses, and increased mortality after bleomycin-induced lung injury (HUM1P.264) (2015)

Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease causing irreversible lung scarring and loss of pulmonary function. RNA analysis has shown that patients with IPF have reduced ICOS expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We now show that ICOS surface expression on CD4 T cells positively correlates with lung function in patients with IPF. However, whether decreased ICOS is a result of disease progression or playing a role in the pathogenesis is unclear. Therefore, using bleomycin to induce pulmonary fibrosis in mice, we found that ICOS was decreased in peripheral CD4 T cells similar to our findings in patients. In contrast, ICOS was increased on lung CD4 T cells by 3d post-bleomycin and remained elevated through 21d at the height of collagen deposition. Compared to wild-type B6 mice, ICOS-deficient mice had increased weight loss and mortality after bleomycin challenge, suggesting a protective role for ICOS. Strikingly, ILC2s expanded in the lung at 3d post-bleomycin in B6 mice, but not in ICOS-deficient mice. In B6 mice, ILC2 expansion was associated with CD4 T cell infiltration at 5d and Th2 cytokine production in the draining lymph nodes at 21d. However, ICOS-deficient mice that survived the initial bleomycin insult failed to recruit T cells to the lungs and had less IL-13 in the draining lymph nodes. Overall, these results indicate that ICOS expression promotes lung tissue repair by promoting both innate and adaptive type-2 immune responses.
Memory models for open-nested transactions (2006)

Open nesting provides a loophole in the strict model of atomic transactions. Moss and Hosking suggested adapting open nesting for transactional memory, and Moss and a group at Stanford have proposed hardware schemes to support open nesting. Since these researchers have described their schemes using only operational definitions, however, the semantics of these systems have not been specified in an implementation-independent way. This paper offers a framework for defining and exploring the memory semantics of open nesting in a transactionl-memory setting.Our framework allows us to define the traditional model of serializability and two new transactional-memory models, race freedom and prefix race freedom. The weakest of these memory models, prefix race freedom, closely resembles the Stanford openesting model. We prove that these three memory models are equivalent for transactional-memory systems that support only closed nesting, as long as aborted transactions are "ignored." We prove that for systems that support open nesting, however, the models of serializability, race freedom, and prefix race freedom are distinct. We show that the Stanford TM system implements a model at least as strong as prefix race freedom and strictly weaker than race freedom. Thus, their model compromises serializability, the property traditionally used to reason about the correctness of transactions.
Optical Spectroscopy and Cerebral Vascular Effects of Alcohol in the Intact Brain: Effects on Tissue Deoxyhemoglobin, Blood Content, and Reduced Cytochrome Oxidase (1993)

Dose-response effects of acute ethanol infusions were studied, noninvasively, in the unopened brain to examine the hypothesis that ethanol can induce stroke-like events as a consequence of cerebral vasospasm and tissue ischemia. By using a single sending and receiving fiber, an optical backscatter measurement (500-800 nm) was used to monitor the levels of deoxyhemoglobin (DH), reduced cytochrome oxidase (rCO), and relative tissue blood content in a closed cranium preparation. Anesthetized rats were prepared by cannulating a branch of the internal carotid artery and subjected to either bolus infusions (1.25 or 2.5 microM ethanol in Ringers/g tissue) or to constant infusions of 5 or 10% ethanol at various rates (0.30-2.92 microM/g/min). To facilitate optical penetration, a portion of the left parietal cranium was shaved to a translucent appearance. Results showed that low, bolus doses of ethanol typically produced a slight increase (5-10%) in the oxyhemoglobin signal, indicating that vasodilation had probably occurred. Higher doses, however, produced a prompt and significant reduction in the hemoglobin signal, increased levels of DH, and a rise in rCO suggesting a vasoconstrictor response leading to ischemia had occurred, followed by recovery within 3-5 min. Constant infusions of ethanol produced a similar cerebral vascular response, in a dose-related manner, but of a more sustained nature. At levels of 50-60% of the maximum bolus dose, the effect was more pronounced, accompanied by an increase in the levels of rCO (by 50-90%). Control experiments using identical volumes/flow rates of Ringers solution produced no significant alterations in the optical spectrum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Partial On-Off Keying - A Simple Means to Further Improve IoT Performance (2018)

Power consumption is expected to be a key performance indicator for ultra-low power IoT devices. A disruptive step towards achieving years of battery life is the introduction of wake-up radios (WURs). The use of a WUR allows the main radio to be turned off, and only woken up when a wake-up packet is received. A commonly used modulation for the wake-up packet is on-off keying (OOK) which can be demodulated using a simple envelope detector. In this paper we introduce partial-OOK (P-OOK), a modification of OOK that can be used to improve the sensitivity performance of a WUR without increasing the complexity.
The interaction of Munc 18 (p67) with the p10 domain of p35 protects in vivo Cdk5/p35 activity from inhibition by TFP5, a peptide derived from p35 (2016)

In a series of studies, we have identified TFP5, a truncated fragment of p35, the Cdk5 kinase regulatory protein, which inhibits Cdk5/p35 and the hyperactive Cdk5/p25 activities in test tube experiments. In cortical neurons, however, and in vivo in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, the peptide specifically inhibits the Cdk5/p25 complex and not the endogenous Cdk5/p35. To account for the selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 activity, we propose that the "p10" N-terminal domain of p35, absent in p25, spares Cdk5/p35 because p10 binds to macromolecules (e.g., tubulin and actin) as a membrane-bound multimeric complex that favors p35 binding to Cdk5 and catalysis. To test this hypothesis, we focused on Munc 18, a key synapse-associated neuronal protein, one of many proteins copurifying with Cdk5/p35 in membrane-bound multimeric complexes. Here we show that, in vitro, the addition of p67 protects Cdk5/p35 and has no effect on Cdk5/p25 activity in the presence of TFP5. In cortical neurons transfected with p67siRNA, we also show that TFP5 inhibits Cdk5/p35 activity, whereas in the presence of p67 the activity is protected. It does so without affecting any other kinases of the Cdk family of cyclin kinases. This difference may be of significant therapeutic value because the accumulation of the deregulated, hyperactive Cdk5/p25 complex in human brains has been implicated in pathology of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Using a 6LoWPAN smart meter mesh network for event-driven monitoring of power quality (2012)

Power quality monitoring is one of the key issues of managing an electrical grid, which is becoming even more important with more distributed and more variable generation. Today expensive equipment allows monitoring of the power network at key points, but for cost reasons this can not reach the residential end-user. To prevent an excessive need for specialized monitoring hardware, e.g. network analysers, it is proposed to engage the capabilities of modern smart meters which can monitor and report power quality events (e.g. voltage deviations). Subsequently a grid operator can follow up with actions in an affected area in order to analyse problems e.g. by increasing the sampling rate. Although the smart meter precision is not comparable to the precision of a commercial network analyser, in large numbers distributed smart meters forming a mesh network can provide sufficient information for power quality in an area while keeping the monitoring overhead and the cost low. It is shown that by using modern interoperable wireless communication protocols and Internet services, the proposed system has a high degree of flexibility, and good potential for scalability and resilience. The preliminary evaluation shows that the smart metering infrastructure, if coupled with suitable information and communication tools, can offer innovative value-added services and enhance existing business processes.
Out-of-Distribution Detection for Radar-based Gesture Recognition Using Metric-Learning (2023)

The paper addresses the question how and to what extent metric learning can be beneficial for reducing the false alarm rate in radar-based hand gesture recognition systems. To this end, we evaluate different metric learning approaches for out-of-distribution or unknown motion detection. We found that metric learning can help to significantly increase the out-of-distribution capabilities of the network. We further investigated what conditions must be met for metric learning to work well, and found that the composition of the data set for known gestures has a large influence on the out-of-distribution detection rate.
Fifth Force Forum (1987)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation H. Aspden, T. Goldman, Richard J. Hughes, Michael Martin Nieto, Stephen C. Ems, Craig F. Bohren; Fifth Force Forum. Physics Today 1 May 1987; 40 (5): 136–139. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2820052 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search