gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of polyhedrin nuclear localization during baculovirus infection (1992)

Polyhedrin is the major component of the nuclear viral occlusions produced during replication of the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV). Since viral occlusions are responsible for the horizontal transmission of AcMNPV in nature, the biosynthesis, localization, and assembly of polyhedrin are important events in the viral replication cycle. We recently defined the sequence requirements for nuclear localization and assembly of polyhedrin. In this study, we examined the localization of polyhedrin at different times of infection. The results showed that nuclear localization of polyhedrin becomes more efficient as the occlusion phase of infection progresses. Several different factors were identified that might contribute to this overall effect, including a higher rate of polyhedrin nuclear localization and a higher rate of polyhedrin biosynthesis. We also examined the biosynthesis and processing of polyhedrin in cells infected with an AcMNPV few polyhedra (FP) mutant, which produces smaller numbers of viral occlusions that contain few or no virions. Compared with wild type, the FP mutant produced polyhedrin more slowly and localized it to the nucleus less efficiently at the beginning of the occlusion phase of infection (24 h postinfection). This supported the idea that the efficiency of polyhedrin nuclear localization is tightly coupled to its rate of biosynthesis. It also revealed that expression of the viral 25K gene, which is inactivated in the FP mutant, is directly or indirectly associated with an enhancement of polyhedrin biosynthesis and nuclear localization at the beginning of the occlusion phase of infection. This enhancement effect appears to be necessary to ensure the normal assembly of viral occlusions.
Three-Section Expiratory CT: Insufficient for Trapped Air Assessment in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis? (2012)

The number of sections affected Brody II estimates, suggesting that three-section protocols lead to underestimation of TA assessment in patients with CF when using the Brody II system; CT and PFT estimates of TA showed no correlation and no significant change over time.
Suppression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) and TGF beta receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and protein expression in leiomyomata in women receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. (1996)

The expression and cellular distribution of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF beta 1) through TGF beta 3 and TGF beta type I-III receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were analyzed in leiomyomata from patients receiving GnRH agonist (GnRHa; leuprolide acetate) compared to those in untreated controls. Standard reverse transcription-PCR revealed that the unaffected myometrium and leiomyomata from leuprolide-treated and untreated patients express TGF beta 1-3 and TGF beta type I-III receptor mRNA. The myometrial and leiomyomata smooth muscle cells were the primary site of TGF beta 1-3 and TGF beta type I and II receptor mRNA and protein expression, as determined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical localization. These observations indicate that leiomyomata express a higher of level of TGF beta and TGF beta receptor mRNA and protein than unaffected myometrium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, and women who received leuprolide acetate therapy had a substantially lower level of expression than untreated controls. Furthermore, competition-based quantitative reverse transcription-PCR using synthetic internal standards revealed that leiomyomata express a significantly higher number (copies per cell) of TGF beta type II receptor mRNA, followed by TGF beta 1, TGF beta type I receptor, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 (P < 0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in the levels (copies per cell) of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 3, and TGF beta type I and type II receptor mRNA expression in leiomyomata from leuprolide-treated compared to untreated patients (P < 0.05). The data provide further evidence that leiomyomata express mRNA and protein for all components of the TGF beta system, and GnRHa therapy results in down-regulation of their expression. More specifically, these data suggest that TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 3 may play a more important role in leiomyomata growth than TGF beta 2, which leads us to propose that lowering TGF beta and receptor expression may have a direct effect on leiomyomata regression.
A Common Compiler Framework for Big Data Languages: Motivation, Opportunities, and Benefits. (2013)

The Bw-Tree is a high performance latch-free B-tree index that exploits log-structured storage. Its design addresses two emerging hardware platform trends. (1) Multi-core and main memory hierarchy: the Bw-tree is completely latch-free; it performs state changes (e.g., record updates, splits) as “deltas” prepended to prior state, installing new state via an atomic compare-and-swap instruction on an indirection page address mapping table. This improves performance by avoiding thread latch blocking while also improving multi-core cache behavior. (2) Flash storage: the Bw-tree organizes storage in a log-structured manner (using ”delta” records) on flash to exploit fast sequential writes and mitigate adverse performance impact of random writes. This also reduces write amplification and extends device lifetime. This article provides an overview of the Bw-tree architecture and its technical innovations that achieve very high performance on modern hardware.
Passive Current Redistribution in the Heart (2001)

Coupling RV and LV epicardium with a passive wire while stimulating the RV endocardium induced sufficient current in the wire to synchronously pace the LV.
Catalytic Byproduct Valorization in Future Biorefineries (2019)

status: Published
Late-Onset Bartter Syndrome Type II Due to a Homozygous Mutation in KCNJ1 Gene: A Case Report and Literature Review (2020)

BACKGROUND Bartter syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism. Five different subtypes have been described based on the genetic defect identified. Bartter syndrome type II is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the KCNJ1 gene encoding ROMK. This subtype is typically described as a severe antenatal form of the disease, often presenting with polyhydramnios before childbirth. CASE REPORT Here, we describe the case of a 26-year-old man who presented with generalized body weakness and hypokalemia and was ultimately diagnosed with Bartter syndrome type II based on his clinical features coupled with the identification of a homozygous missense mutation in KCNJ1. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the fifth case of late-onset Bartter syndrome type II. Interestingly, the mutation identified in our patient has been previously described in patients with antenatal Bartter's Syndrome. The late presentation in our patient suggests a surprising degree of phenotypic variability, even in patients carrying the identical disease-causing mutation.
Identification of a MAP kinase kinase kinase in phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells (1992)

A MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) was identified in phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells which reactivated homogeneous MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) from rabbit skeletal muscle that had been inactivated by incubation with protein phosphatase 2A. Reactivation was accompanied by stoichiometric phosphorylation of MAPKK on a serine residue(s). Following stimulation of PC12 cells with nerve growth factor and chromatography of the extracts on Mono Q, MAP kinase and MAPKK were detected as active phosphorylated enzymes, whereas MAPKKK was inactive and only activated after prolonged storage at 4 degrees C. The results suggest that the activation of MAPKKK by growth factors is likely to occur by a non-covalent mechanism.
MRI in Developmental Biology and the Construction of Developmental Atlases (2011)

INTRODUCTION Microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI) is a noninvasive, nonoptical imaging modality that allows the entire volume of opaque specimens to be imaged. Because μMRI is not a destructive method, biologists are afforded anatomically unperturbed imagery of embryonic development and the ability to observe morphogenetic movements deep within optically inaccessible embryos. Compared with optical methods, μMRI data acquisition is slow, and image resolution is very low. This might suggest that μMRI is not viable for developmental studies. In this article, we discuss when μMRI is an appropriate imaging modality and how it has contributed to a richer understanding of embryonic development by allowing direct observation of dynamic processes in optically inaccessible regions of unperturbed embryos. We close the article with a discussion of μMRI for the construction of digital anatomical developmental atlases and how such atlases can be used.
Intensity dependent estimation of noise in microarrays improves detection of differentially expressed genes (2010)

When the number of samples is small, the simple method we propose improves significantly the statistical power in identifying differentially expressed genes.
A stimulatory effect of recombinant murine interleukin-7 (IL-7) on B- cell colony formation and an inhibitory effect of IL-1 alpha (1989)

Using a clonal culture system, we investigated the lymphohematopoietic effects of recombinant interleukin-7 (IL-7) obtained from conditioned media of transfected COS 1 cells. IL-7 alone acted on murine bone marrow cells and supported the formation of B-cell colonies. These colony cells were positive for B220, and some of them were also found to have either IgM or Thy-1. B220+, IgM- cells, but not B220- cells sorted from fresh bone marrow cells were able to form B cell colonies in the presence of IL-7. Thus, IL-7 supported the differentiation of B220+, IgM- cells to B220+, IgM+ cells. B220+, IgM+ cells did not proliferate in the presence of IL-7. IL-7 did not affect the myeloid colony formation supported by IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and G-CSF. On the other hand, lymphocyte colony formation was not affected by IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, GM-CSF, or G-CSF. Interestingly, IL-1 alpha inhibited IL-7- induced B cell colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, while the same concentration of IL-1 alpha enhanced the myeloid colony formation by IL-3. This reciprocal effect of IL-1 alpha may act on hematopoietic progenitor cells without accessory cells. These data show that IL-7 is a B cell growth factor and that IL-1 alpha may play an important role in differentiation of myeloid and lymphoid lineages.
Untersuchungen zur automatischen Klassifikation von Lamellengraphit mit Hilfe des Stützvektorverfahrens (2005)

Kurzfassung Die unterschiedliche Graphitausbildung in Gusseisen ist wesentlich für die mechanischen Eigenschaften dieses Werkstoffes. Deshalb wurden in der Norm EN ISO 945:1994 sechs generelle Formen für die Graphitausbildung und darunter für den Lamellengraphit fünf Anordnungsklassen definiert. Die subjektive Klassifikation letzterer kann zu widersprüchlichen Ergebnissen führen und sollte durch ein objektives Klassifizieren mit Hilfe der Bildanalyse möglichst ersetzt werden. Vorgestellt wird der Einsatz des Stützvektorverfahrens bei dem durch Berechnung einer separierenden Hyperebene mit maximaler Bandbreite im m-dimensionalen Raum binär klassifiziert wird. Die Lage der Hyperebene wird von Stützvektoren definiert, die durch Messung bildanalytischer Kenngrößen an Trainingsbildern ermittelt werden. In dieser Untersuchung wurden zu jedem Bild sechs stereologische Parameter und 14 Haralick-Parameter errechnet. Die Trainingsbasis waren 350 von Experten klassifizierten Trainingsbilder. Untersucht wurde die Klassifikationsgüte des Stützvektorverfahrens. Außerdem war es möglich die Relevanz der 20 Parameter für die Klassifikation der einzelnen Graphitanordnungen zu bestimmen. Das Stützvektorverfahren erscheint als interessantes Klassifikationsverfahren aus dem Bereich “Maschinelles Lernen”, das zukünftig auch allgemeiner für metallographische Bilder eingesetzt werden kann.
Applications of Diffusion Maps in Gene Expression Data-Based Cancer Diagnosis Analysis (2007)

Early detection of a tumor's site of origin is particularly important for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The employment of gene expression profiles for different cancer types or subtypes has already shown significant advantages over traditional cancer classification methods. One of the major problems in cancer type recognition-oriented gene expression data analysis is the overwhelming number of measures of gene expression levels versus the small number of samples, which causes the curse of dimension issue. Here, we use diffusion maps, which interpret the eigenfunctions of Markov matrices as a system of coordinates on the original data set in order to obtain efficient representation of data geometric descriptions, for dimensionality reduction. The derived data are then clustered with Fuzzy ART to form the division of the cancer samples. Experimental results on the small round blue-cell tumor data set demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method in addressing multidimensional gene expression data and identifying different types of tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: Anion Complexation and Migration in (8‐Silyl‐1‐naphthyl)boranes. Participation of Hypervalent Silicon. (1987)

Abstract The complexation of the compounds (I), (V), and (VII) with F‐ is investigated.
연금 세제 개편에 따른 수익비 효과 분석 (2016)

본 연구는 사적연금에 대한 과세 체계를 부담금 납입단계, 적립금 운용단계, 연금급여 단계로 나누어 살펴보고 2015년 소득세법 개정이 사적연금 수익비 관점에서 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지 살펴보았다는 점에서 가치가 있다. 분석 방법으로는 퇴직연금만을 납입하였을 경우와 추가 부담금을 함께 납입한 경우를 구분하여 세제 개편 전, 후의 수익비를 소득수준 별로 비교 분석하였다. 주요 분석결과로는 퇴직연금만을 납입하는 근로자의 경우 1분위를 제외한 모든 소득수준에서 퇴직급여를 일시금을 수령하는 것이 연금으로 수령하는 것 보다 세법 개정 이후의 수익비 증가폭이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 퇴직급여의 연금전환을 유도하기 위한 정부의 효과가 일정부분 달성되지 못한 것으로 평가된다. 반면, 추가로 부담금을 납입하는 경우 모든 소득수준에서 수익비 개선효과가 나타났으며 세제 개편 이후 저소득층의 수익비가 상대적으로 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 따라서 수익비 관점에서 연금계좌 부담금 추가납입에 대한 유인이 발생할 것으로 기대된다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 사적연금 활성화를 위한 소득세법 개편 방안으로 크게 두가지 방향을 제시한다. 첫째, 퇴직급여의 연금수령을 유도하기 위해서는 연금 수령 시 발생하는 연금소득세 세액과 일시금 수령 시 과세되는 퇴직소득세를 함께 고려하여 소득세법을 개정할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 저소득층의 연금계좌 추가 납입을 유인하기 위해서 사후정산적 의미의 세액공제 혜택과 함께 사전적인 의미의 보조금 지원을 고려할 필요가 있다.
Vibration at the wrist and elbow joints during the golf swing reveals shaft-specific swing kinematics (2010)

Current methods of shaft fitting are only partially successful at matching players with optimal equipment. This could be due to player adaptation. Twenty-four players hit drives into a net with clubs of different shaft flexes. This was repeated with vibration applied. Club kinematics were stable across flex conditions with no vibration, and it is probable that players varied the application of torques during the downswing to compensate for changes in club mechanics. With vibration, for eleven players, club head speed and grip speed at impact increased with flex. This suggests these players could not apply desired torques, perhaps due to noise in proprioceptive feedback caused by vibration.
Reverse vaccinology: a genome-based approach for vaccine development (2002)

During the last century several approaches have been followed for the development of vaccines. These include live-attenuated viruses and bacteria, killed microorganisms and the subunit vaccines [1]. With the introduction of recombinant DNA technologies, new approaches have been exploited for vaccine manufacturing. However, the major problem remains the rapid identification of highly immunogenic and protective antigens suitable for vaccine development, which still relies on standard biochemical and microbiological techniques. The advent of genomics has greatly contributed to providing a new impulse to the microbial field. The complete genomic sequence of a human pathogen represents a new unexploited field, to be used for the design of novel vaccines and antimicrobial drugs. In the case of meningococcus B, four decades of continuous efforts, using conventional technologies of purifying antigens from the microorganism, had not been sufficient to deliver an effective and universal vaccine. It was therefore decided to obtain the genomic sequence of serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB) and use this information to identify vaccine candidates. This approach was named "reverse vaccinology"[2].
Game theory and the flat-fading gaussian interference channel (2009)

In this article, we described some basic concepts from noncooperative and cooperative game theory and illustrated them by three examples using the interference channel model, namely, the power allocation game for SISO IFC, the beamforming game for MISO IFC, and the transmit covariance game for MIMO IFC. In noncooperative game theory, we restricted ourselves to discuss the NE and PoA and their interpretations in the context of our application. Extensions to other noncooperative approaches include Stackelberg equilibria and the corresponding question "Who will go first?" We also correlated equilibria where a certain type of common randomness can be exploited to increase the utility region. We leave the large area of coalitional game theory open.
The HA-2 Minor Histocompatibility Antigen Is Derived from a Diallelic Gene Encoding a Novel Human Class I Myosin Protein (2001)

Human minor histocompatibility Ags (mHag) present significant barriers to successful bone marrow transplantation. However, the structure of human mHag and the basis for antigenic disparities are still largely unknown. Here we report the identification of the gene encoding the human mHag HA-2 as a previously unknown member of the class I myosin family, which we have designated MYO1G. The gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 7. Expression of this gene is limited to cells of hemopoietic origin, in keeping with the previously defined tissue expression of the HA-2 Ag. RT-PCR amplification of MYO1G from different individuals led to the identification of two genetic variants, designated MYO1G(V) and MYO1G(M). The former encodes the peptide sequence previously shown to be the HA-2 epitope (YIGEVLVSV), whereas the latter shows a single amino acid change in this peptide (YIGEVLVSM). This change has only a modest effect on peptide binding to the class I MHC-restricted element HLA-A*0201, and a minimal impact on recognition by T cells when added exogenously to target cells. Nonetheless, as detected using either T cells or mass spectrometry, this amino acid change results in a failure of the latter peptide to be presented at the surface of cells that express MYO1G(M) endogenously. These studies have thus identified a new mHag-encoding gene, and thereby provide additional information about both the genetic origins of human mHag as well as the underlying basis of an Ag-positive vs Ag-negative state.
Base-rate effects in category learning: A comparison of parallel network and memory storage-retrieval models. (1989)

Exemplar-memory and adaptive network models were compared in application to category learning data, with special attention to base rate effects on learning and transfer performance. Subjects classified symptom charts of hypothetical patients into disease categories, with informative feedback on learning trials and with the feedback either given or withheld on test trials that followed each fourth of the learning series. The network model proved notably accurate and uniformly superior to the exemplar model in accounting for the detailed course of learning; both the parallel, interactive aspect of the network model and its particular learning algorithm contribute to this superiority. During learning, subjects' performance reflected both category base rates and feature (symptom) probabilities in a nearly optimal manner, a result predicted by both models, though more accurately by the network model. However, under some test conditions, the data showed substantial base-rate neglect, in agreement with Gluck and Bower (1988b).
[The infected endoprosthesis with the example of the hip joint endoprosthesis. An increasing danger to patient and society]. (2001)

Because of demographic factors there is an increase in the numbers of total joint replacement operations each year. Deep infection after joint replacement remains one of the major complications in orthopedic surgery. The economic consequences for society are enormous. The treatment of such infections usually means a long and difficult course for the patient. In most cases multiple operations, including removal or exchange of the prosthesis are required. Concepts of treatment are very different and vary from debridement and keeping the prosthesis, resection arthroplasty to one- and second-stage exchange procedures. It is essential to know the special advantages and disadvantages of each concept to be able to choose the right strategy of treatment. Even getting the right diagnosis may be difficult since only about 2/3 of all cases go along with a positive microbiology. By the example of the infected hip prosthesis, the aim of the article is to give recommendations on the bases of current literature and our own experience. The strategy of treatment of infections used in our hospital is reported.
Hygral Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) (2003)

Although uterine artery resistance was modestly associated with the maternal psychological milieu during gestation, our findings do not indicate an association between increased maternal distress and decreased RI. Thus, this study fails to affirm a key component of the hypothesised relation of maternal stress to foetal outcomes via vasoconstriction.
Medische preventie van osteoporotische breuken bij patiënten behandeld met glucocorticoïden (2012)

Auteur(s): BOONEN S, LUYTEN F, VANDERSCHUEREN D, GIELEN E, BORGHS H, GOEMAERE S | Samenvatting: Glucocorticoïdtherapie wordt breed toegepast en glucocorticoïden hebben een sterke weerslag op het botmetabolisme. Vooral een verminderde botaanmaak is goed beschreven. Het gevolg is dat glucocorticoïdgeinduceerde osteoporose, na de ouderdomsgebonden vorm, de belangrijkste oorzaak vormt van fracturen. Patiënten onder behandeling met glucocorticoïden hebben dan ook recht op bescherming tegen osteoporotische breuken. In de eerste plaats wordt gestreefd naar een minimale dosis en toedieningsduur. Ook moet bij het instellen van een behandeling met glucocorticoïden het fractuurrisico van de patiënt in kaart worden gebracht. Klinische en andere risicofactoren voor breuken worden actief opgespoord en waar mogelijk verbeterd. Typische voorbeelden zijn een verhoogde valkans of een negatieve calciumbalans. De meeste patiënten die behandeld worden met glucocorticoïden, komen in aanmerking voor substitutietherapie met calcium en vitamine D. Bij hoogrisicopatiënten voor fracturen volstaan calcium en vitamine D echter niet en moet een behandeling met bisfosfonaten worden overwogen.
Formal Notation for RObust Header Compression (ROHC-FN) (2007)

This document defines Robust Header Compression -Formal Notation (ROHC-FN), a formal notation to specify field encodings for compressed formats when defining new profiles within the ROHC framework. ROHC-FN offers a library of encoding methods that are often used in ROHC profiles and can thereby help to simplify future profile development work.
Effect of molecular concentrations in tissu-simulating phantoms on images obtained using diffuse reflectance polarimetry (1998)

We have investigated the possibility of using diffuse reflectance polarimetry to detect changes caused by different molecular compounds and concentrations in tissue-simulating phantoms. The effects of glucose, B-alanine and l-lysine at different concentrations in turbid media have been investigated separately. This approach is based on the effect of optical properties on the polarization state of light. The results show that this method has potential for determining changes in molecular concentrations in highly scattering biological media from polarization images.