gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen in blood donors screened for alanine aminotransferase level and hepatitis non‐A, non‐B in recipients (1988)

Four-hundred and seventeen patients undergoing open-heart surgery were followed for more than 9 months after transfusion. All 2270 blood units transfused had alanine aminotransferase levels less than or equal to 30 U/l. Blood units positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were more frequently associated with recipient hepatitis non-A, non-B (HNANB) (13.7%) than anti-HBc-negative units (4.2%) (p less than 0.001). The frequency of HNANB among recipients of at least 1 anti-HBc-positive blood unit (8/79, 10.1%) was fivefold greater than among recipients of exclusively anti-HBc-negative blood units (7/338, 2.1%) (p less than 0.01). In this study the exclusion of donors positive for anti-HBc (4.2%) might have reduced the incidence of recipient HNANB by 42 percent. These results support the introduction of anti-HBc donor screening to prevent recipient HNANB.
Computerized consultation system for selection of antimicrobial therapy (1976)

Mycin, a computer-based consultation system which provides to physicians antimicrobial therapy recommendations for patients with bacterial infections, is described. The consultation program arrives at therapeutic decisions using a built-in knowledge base as well as patient data entered by the physician. The system is capable of explaining its recommendations and answering questions about its reasoning process. The system's knowledge can be updated and corrected easily by infectious disease experts. At present the system is operational within a research setting; its routine use in a clinical setting will require further evaluation of its reliability and effectiveness.
Mechanical strength of resist film analyzed by tip indentation method (2005)

Mechanical strength of resist film processed by various post apply bake (PAB) conditions were measured utilizing the tip indentation method using atomic force microscope (AFM). With the tip indentation method, we could quantify mechanical strength of resist film in terms of “degree of softening.” It was found that PAB at our standard baking temperature tends to lead to softening of the resist film which is considered due to existence of softening point of the resist polymer. Also changing baking time at this temperature showed very complicated softness behavior. By control of baking temperature, we could obtain harder resist film as baking time becomes longer. Further analysis of these resist film properties by ellipsometry suggested that changes in mechanical strength occur by the evaporation of the resist solvent and/or structure changes inside the resist film, depending upon baking conditions.
A CPLD-based safety concept for industrial applications (2010)

Industry demands cost-efficient approaches for the realization of uncomplex safety functions in industrial automation. Therefore new approaches need to be considered. For this purpose the implementation of safety functions in hardware using CPLDs is an option. This approach does, in contrast to microcontroller-based systems, not require the development of startup- and online tests for RAM and CPU. Therefore efforts for design, implementation and verification of these safety integrity measures can be saved as well as hardware resources for the execution of tests. Based on this idea, a CPLD-based safety concept has been elaborated that allows to realize safety functions by exclusively using CPLDs. The safety concept has been derived from normative safety requirements, functional safety requirements as well as other non-functional requirements. The safety concept comprises a CPLD-based redundant failsafe system architecture, safety integrity measures and a precise definition of the safe state and the unsafe state of possible target applications. An industrial power drive system is presented that has been enhanced with uncomplex safety functions to increase its safety integrity. These safety functions are able to avoid the application of power to an electric DC motor, if demanded. They were realized by a fail-safe system. This system adopts the CPLD-based safety concept.
Surface Treatment for Conductive 12 CaO⋅7 Al2O3 Electride Powder by Rapid Thermal Annealing Processing and Its Application to Ammonia Synthesis (2014)

Abstract The inorganic electride [Ca 24 Al 28 O 64 ] 4+ (e − ) 4 (C12A7:e − ) has unique properties, that is, chemical stability and a low work function comparable to that of metal K. However, its surface area is low (≈1 m 2 g −1 ) because sintering occurs during high‐temperature annealing, which is needed to remove CaO layers formed by reaction with metal Ca that works as a reductant. We report a simple synthesis method for moderate‐surface‐area C12A7:e − (9–19 m 2 g −1 ) by using a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) technique. The synthesis consists of 1) high‐temperature evacuation, 2) reaction with Ca metal, and 3) RTA. The influence of these synthesis conditions was first studied to achieve both high surface area and high electron concentration. Next, C12A7:e − samples were examined as Ru catalyst supports for NH 3 synthesis. The activity of Ru‐loaded as‐prepared C12A7:e − was moderate but was increased fivefold by RTA processing prior to Ru loading as a result of surface structure reconstruction. The improvement in the Ru dispersion degree that results from the increased surface area trebled the overall activity (3550 μmol g cat −1 h −1 at 340 °C) compared with that of conventional Ru/C12A7:e − .
Novel tenascin variants with a distinctive pattern of expression in the avian embryo (1994)

Previous studies have shown that several forms of the glycoprotein tenascin are present in the embryonic extracellular matrix. These forms are the result of alternative splicing, which generates tenascin variants with different numbers of fibronectin type III repeats. We have used degenerate primers and PCR to isolate a novel tenascin exon from an avian genomic library. Genomic clones contained a sequence encoding a fibronectin type III repeat that corresponds to repeat 'C' from the variable domain of human tenascin. To demonstrate that tenascin containing repeat 'C' is actually synthesized by avian cells, a monospecific antiserum was raised against a repeat 'C' fusion protein. This antiserum recognized a novel high-molecular-weight variant on immunoblots of tenascin isolated from chicken embryo fibroblast-conditioned medium, and stained tendons on frozen sections of chicken embryos. A cDNA probe specific for mRNA encoding repeat 'C' was used for in situ hybridization. This probe hybridized in a subset of the embryonic tissues labelled with a universal tenascin probe, including tendons, ligaments and mesenchyme at sites of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Finally, we provide evidence that additional fibronectin type III repeats, one corresponding to a recently discovered human repeat as well as one entirely novel sequence, also exists in chicken tenascin mRNA. These data indicate that tenascin is present in the embryonic matrix in a multitude of forms and that these forms have distinctive distributions that may reflect more than one function for tenascin in development.
Photographie Fotografie Photography (2008)

La photographie de mode comme mise en scène de théâtre Ces quatre photos font l’effet de prises de vue d’une pièce de théâtre, d’une mise en scène contemporaine, ou d’instants suspendus, au cours d’une performance. Sur l’une des images, nous voyons un homme masqué assis sur une espèce de cheval fait de boîtes et de chaises et recouvert d'une cape rouge. V6 Le chevalier porte un haut de vêtement jaune avec de grandes appliques vertes, des pantalons courts et des chaussettes vert sombre, montant jusqu’aux genoux. L’arrière-plan est blanc-gris. Sur une deuxième image, nous voyons le chevalier masqué se tenir au sommet d’une petite colline faite de couvertures, v5 Nous reconnaissons même des fleurs de différentes couleurs dans les tissus. L’homme porte un pantalon de golf rouge, à nouveau des bas vert sombre qui montent aux genoux et une chemise rose munie de trois bandes blanches: avec le pantalon, cela fait allusion au Tyrol. Les images ne nous donnent pas plus d’informations concrètes. Nous ne pouvons que supposer leur contenu et leur intention, mais sans pouvoir les classer en toute certitude. Et très vraisemblablement nos suppositions seraient fausses. Car Romain Rousset et Geoffrey Cottenceau mettent en scène dans ces quatre images la mode de Bernhard Wilhelm et de Véronique Branquinho pour le fanzine allemand « Mode Depesche n°4». V1 V2 Cependant, ces œuvres n’ont rien à voir avec la photographie de mode habituelle, avec les modèles stylés et le glamour. Ce sont des compositions originales, qui se refusent à toute définition et à tout classement. Le cadre est simple, les objets et les accessoires utilisés sont ludiques et proviennent d’un fonds original. Dans les deux autres images, la tête est complètement enveloppée dans une grande forme surgie des vêtements et qui amène l’homme à disparaître complètement, ne laissant voir que ses mains pendantes. V3 V4 Ces photographies imitent l’effet d’un objet en mouvement, et d’une image à l’autre, le vêtement «coule» vers la droite ou vers le haut.
Hypermethylation of multiple genes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (2000)

Hypermethylation of CpG islands is a common mechanism by which tumor suppressor genes are inactivated. We studied 45 pancreatic carcinomas and 14 normal pancreata for aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands of multiple genes and clones using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite-modified sequencing. Using MSP, we detected aberrant methylation of at least one locus in 60% of carcinomas. The genes analyzed included RARbeta (methylated in 20%), p16 (18%), CACNA1G (16%), TIMP-3 (11%), E-cad (7%), THBS1 (7%), hMLH1 (4%), DAP kinase (2%), and MGMT (0%). In addition, aberrant methylation was found in three CpG islands (MINT31, -1, and -2) in 38, 38, and 14% of carcinomas, respectively. Hypermethylation was largely confined to the carcinomas with only three loci (E-cad, DAP kinase, and MINT2) harboring methylation in some normal pancreata (36, 21, and 14%, respectively). Simultaneous methylation of at least four loci was observed in 5 of 36 (14%) pancreatic adenocarcinomas. We defined this subgroup of pancreatic adenocarcinomas as "CpG island-methylator-phenotype positive (CIMP+)." Two of four carcinomas with microsatellite instability harbored promoter hypermethylation of hMLH1, and both cases were CIMP+. Thus, we conclude that many pancreatic carcinomas hypermethylate a small percentage of genes, whereas a subset displays a CIMP+ phenotype.
Assessment of the cPAS-based BGISEQ-500 platform for metagenomic sequencing (2017)

Our study provides the first set of performance metrics for human gut metagenomic sequencing data using BGISEQ-500. The high accuracy and technical reproducibility confirm the applicability of the new platform for metagenomic studies, though caution is still warranted when combining metagenomic data from different platforms.
Design, Synthesis, and Uptake Performance of ABEC Resins for the Removal of Pertechnetate from Alkaline Radioactive Wastes (1999)

Removal of technetium-99 and iodine-129 from alkaline radioactive wastes remaining from weapons processing is necessary as these radionuclides are long-lived and environmentally mobile in their most stable chemical forms (TcO4- and I-). Technetium-99 and iodine-129 are ill-suited to thermal processing because of the volatility of their high-temperature species. Resins based on Aqueous Biphasic Extraction Chromatography, ABEC, selectively extract TcO4- and I- from alkaline radioactive wastes and offer the advantage that stripping is accomplished by eluting with water. To date, most studies of ABEC resins have been performed using materials designed for analytical separations that are not suitable for process-scale applications. The development of ABEC resins compatible with a large-scale chromatographic apparatus is reported. ABEC resins of 50−100 mesh size showing <10% swelling during crossover from a 4 M NaOH load to a water strip and volume distribution ratios for pertechnetate as high as 160 have been synthesized, and their properties are discussed.
Chlorine covers on living bacteria: the initial step in antimicrobial action of active chlorine compounds (2005)

The chlorine cover can be regarded as the first sign of interaction between chlorinating agent and microorganism, and may explain the non-lethal features of postantibiotic effect and attenuation of bacterial virulence. Furthermore, it may be a decisive step in bacterial inactivation by the myeloperoxidase-hypochlorite system in innate immunity.
“Double Asymmetric Induction” as a Novel Tool for High Stereocontrol in Baylis—Hillman Reaction. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nonlinear force driven skin layer acceleration of plasma blocks (2008)

Since the interaction of ps laser pulses of TW power with plasmas was measured, an anomalous process was discovered which was significantly different from the usually observed numerous relativistic phenomena. This could be explained by earlier extensive numerical studies. Applications for laser fusion are reported for the generation of thick plasma blocks for ignition of fusion flames. For irradiation of spherical DT shells, the ablation efficiency may be ten times higher for the nonlinear force driven plasma blocks for volume ignition.
Survival versus neglect: redefining thymocyte subsets based on expression of NKG2D ligand(s) and MHC class I (2005)

BALB/c thymocytes can be divided into three distinct subsets according to the expression of a ligand for the NK activation receptor NKG2D (NKG2D-L) and the expression of MHC class I (MHC-I). The first subset (MHC-Imid/NKG2D-Lhigh or "N+") is predominately CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP), comprises approximately 35% of thymocytes in a 6-8-week-old adult and contains uncommitted cells that have neither undergone selection nor are committed to death by neglect. The second subset (MHC-Ilow/NKG2D-Llow or "M-"), also mostly DP cells, comprises approximately 50% of thymocytes and consists of cells committed to death by apoptosis, likely due to neglect. By contrast, the third subset (MHC-Ihigh/NKG2D-Llow or "M+") is largely single positive (SP), represents approximately 15% of thymocytes and mostly contains more mature cells that have undergone successful positive selection. The major advantage of the analysis is that it splits DP cells into two subpopulations, one committed to death by apoptosis and the other subjected to selection. The analysis also suggests that NKG2D-L may play a role in thymocyte development.
Revisiting thiol‐yne chemistry: Selective and efficient monoaddition for block and graft copolymer formation (2014)

ABSTRACT The untapped potential of radical thiol‐yne mono‐addition chemistry is exploited to overcome the known limitations of thiol‐ene chemistry in polymer coupling and block copolymer formation. By careful choice of alkyne, the reaction can selectively lead to the mono‐addition product with efficiencies surpassing those achieved by traditional thiol‐ene chemistry. This improvement is illustrated by the nearly quantitative synthesis of a variety of diblock and graft copolymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53 , 319–326
Fast Racemisation of Chiral Amines and Alcohols by Using Cationic Half‐Sandwich Ruthena‐ and Iridacycle Catalysts (2009)

The lipase-catalysed resolution of alcohols and amines yields only 50 % of the desired enantiopure product. However, addition of a racemisation catalyst leads to 100 % yield in what is called a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR). There is a need for new racemisation catalysts that are fast and compatible with the conditions of the enzymatic reaction. We show that cationic half-sandwich ruthena- and iridacycle complexes are highly active and efficient in the racemisation of chiral alcohols and amines. Upon activation with base, these complexes are able to selectively racemise alcohols, whereas the non-activated complexes are selective catalysts for the racemisation of amines. We have applied the iridacycles in the DKR of racemic beta-chloroalcohols to produce chiral epoxides in a biphasic system in good yields and high ee (ee=enantiomeric excess).
Spectroscopic Tracking of Molecular Transport Junctions Generated by Using Click Chemistry (2009)

Abstract Mit einem Klick die Lücke gefüllt : Mithilfe der Klick‐Chemie wird ein Moleküldraht, der eine durch „On‐Wire“‐Lithographie erzeugte Nanolücke überbrückt, in situ modular aufgebaut (siehe Bild). Der Draht entsteht in hoher Ausbeute, und es können unterschiedliche Moleküle getestet werden; die Triazolgruppe bleibt auch im Moleküldraht konjugiert. Der Aufbau des Drahtes wurde Raman‐spektroskopisch verfolgt. magnified image
Evaluation of Surgical Freedom for Microscopic and Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approaches to the Sella (2015)

Microscopic sublabial and endoscopic binostril approaches provided superior surgical freedom compared with the endonasal microscopic and uninostril endoscopic approaches. This work provides objective baseline values for the quantification and evaluation of future refinements in surgical technique or instrumentation.
ETV4 Mutation in a Patient with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (2016)

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common reason for chronic kidney disease in children. Although more than 30 monogenic causes have been implicated in isolated forms of human CAKUT so far, the vast majority remains elusive. To identify novel monogenic causes of CAKUT we applied homozygosity mapping, together with whole exome sequencing, in a patient from consanguineous descent with isolated CAKUT. We identified a homozygous missense mutation (p.Arg415His) of the Ets Translocation Variant Gene 4 (ETV4). The transcription factor ETV4 is a downstream target of the GDNF/RET signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in kidney development. We show by means of electrophoretic mobility shift assay that the Arg415His mutant causes loss of the DNA binding affinity of ETV4 and fails to activate transcription in a cell-based luciferase reporter assay. We furthermore investigated the impact of the mutant protein on cell migration rate. Unlike wildtype ETV4, the Arg415His mutant failed to rescue cell migration defects observed in two ETV4 knock-down cell-lines. We therefore identified and functionally characterized a recessive mutation in ETV4 in a human patient with CAKUT. We hypothesize that the pathomechanism of this mutation could be via loss of the transcriptional function of ETV4, and a resulting abrogation of GDNF/RET/ETV4 signaling pathway.
Sonochemistry and Sonoluminescence in Simulated Ultrasound-assisted Lipoplasty Environment☆, ☆☆, ★ (1999)

BackgroundThe issue of safety has arisen with the advent of high-intensity ultrasound energy (HIUE) in ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty (UAL). HIUE has been used in the last 3 decades in a variety of surgical procedures, but scientific data are lacking with regard to biologic interactions. We hypothesize that infiltration of tissue with an aqueous solution and exposure to HIUE as practiced in UAL can induce cavitation with concomitant production of free radicals and oxidizing reactants associated with high-energy chemical reactions and generate sonoluminescence.
Improve dosimetric outcome in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer treatment using spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy (2018)

This study has indicated that SPArc could further improve the dosimetric results in patients with locally advanced stage NSCLC and potentially be implemented into routine clinical practice.
CPW Feed Wideband U-slot Microstrip Antenna (2002)

In this paper, we have proposed the new configuration of wideband antenna using CPW feed lines. The proposed antenna has CPW feed lines and U-slot to achieve wide bandwidth with good impedance matching. The use of CPW feed line can decrease the number of substrates. It is compared with the conventional antenna fed by a microstrip feed line. The parameters of CPW feed lines were studied by using the quasi-static approximation which is based on the conformal mapping method. The analysis of CPW discontinuities such as the tapered-step structure and the open ended gap were studied by using the quasi-static approximation which is based on the boundary element method. Also, the equivalent circuit model of multi-layer antenna were proposed using the cavity model. Experiment results of the proposed antenna show wide-bandwidth characteristics and good radiation patterns in passband.
Blind channel identifiability/equalizability of single input multiple output nonlinear channels from second order statistics (2002)

We explore the utility of second-order statistics for blind identification/equalization of nonlinear channels. Under standard assumptions it is shown that the channel cannot be identified to within a scaling factor from the output second order statistics, but that the ambiguity is at a level that permits equalization. We show that these results cover cases that the prior literature does not address.
Étude de propriétés électroniques de nanostructures par microscopie à force atomique sous ultra-vide (2009)

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude des propriétés électroniques de nanostructures par microscopie à force atomique (AFM) en ultra-vide. La première partie de ce travail a consisté à caractériser localement des nanofils de silicium par technique d'AFM conducteur. Les expériences de conduction locale sur nanofils inclinés montrent que la conduction des nanofils intrinsèques est dominée par un transport en surface, associé à la présence de résidus catalytiques métalliques. Cette conduction peut être partiellement supprimée (par désoxydation) ou exaltée (par traitement thermique). Une caractérisation qualitative du dopage de ces nanostructures est présentée, par technique de microscopie à sonde de Kelvin. La deuxième partie de la thèse a consisté à étudier le transfert de charges et les propriétés d'ionisation de nanocristaux de silicium passivés hydrogène, dopés de type n (P) ou p (B), fabriqués par dépôt plasma. L'analyse des images de microscopie à sonde de Kelvin en modulation d'amplitude sous ultra-vide montre que le transfert de charges des nanocristaux de silicium correspond à un mécanisme de compensation d'énergie, exalté par le confinement quantique. Les résultats expérimentaux fournissent une mesure de l'ouverture de la bande interdite des nanocristaux due au confinement quantique, dans la gamme 2-50 nm, en accord quantitatif avec des calculs en liaisons fortes. Ils mettent en avant la possibilité d'utiliser des nanocristaux dopés comme sources d'électrons pour réaliser un dopage sélectif contrôlé de nanostructures ou nanodispositifs, avec des densités dans les gammes de 2×10^11-10^14 cm^-2 ou 8×10^5-2×10^7 cm^-1.
Upper bounds on generalized distances (1994)

We derive new asymptotic bounds for generalized distances. Our approach extends the classical Hamming, Plotkin, and Elias bounds. The latter bound involves extending the definition of generalized distances to nonlinear codes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ferromagnetic atom guide within situloading (2002)

Magneto-optic and magnetostatic trapping is realized near a surface using current carrying coils wrapped around magnetizable cores, with up to ${10}^{9}$ cesium atoms. Ramping up the current while maintaining optical dissipation leads to tightly confined atom clouds with an aspect ratio of 1:1000. We study the three-dimensional character of the magnetic potential and characterize the atom number and density as functions of the applied current. The field gradient in the transverse dimension has been varied from $&lt;10\mathrm{G}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}$ to $&gt;1\mathrm{k}\mathrm{G}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}.$
High Resolution X-Ray Elemental Mapping of Nanoparticles in the STEM (2004)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.