gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering of Vaginal Tissue in Vivo (2003)

Congenital vaginal anomalies and cloacal malformations may require extensive surgical reconstruction. Surgical challenges are often encountered because of the limited amounts of native tissue available. We investigated the feasibility of using vaginal epithelial and smooth muscle cells for the engineering of vaginal tissues in vivo. Vaginal epithelial and smooth muscle cells of female rabbits were grown, expanded in culture, and characterized immunocytochemically. Vaginal epithelial and smooth muscle cells were seeded on polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds at 10 x 10(6) and 20 x 10(6) cells/cm(3), respectively. The cell-seeded scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted into nude mice. The animals were killed 1, 4, and 6 weeks after implantation. Immunocytochemical and histochemical analyses were performed with pancytokeratins AE1/AE3 and with smooth muscle-specific alpha-actin antibodies to confirm the reconstituted tissue phenotype. Western blot analyses and electrical field stimulation studies were also performed to further characterize the tissue-engineered constructs. Vaginal epithelial cells were serially identified with anti-pancytokeratins AE1/AE3 at all culture stages. Smooth muscle cells in culture stained positively with alpha-smooth muscle actin antibodies. One week after implantation in vivo, the retrieved polymer scaffolds demonstrated multilayered tissue strips of both cell types, and penetrating native vasculature was also noted. Increased organization of the smooth muscle and epithelial tissue was evident by 4 weeks. There was no evidence of tissue formation in the controls. Immunocytochemical analyses using anti-pancytokeratins confirmed the presence of vaginal epithelial cells in each of the constructs. Anti-alpha-actin smooth muscle antibodies also confirmed the presence of multilayered smooth muscle fibers and tissue at each time point. Western blot analyses of the scaffolds confirmed the expression of cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin proteins when compared with controls. The contractile properties of the tissue-engineered vaginal constructs in response to electrical field stimulation were similar to those of normal vaginal tissue. Vaginal epithelial and smooth muscle cells can be easily cultured and expanded in vitro. Cell-seeded polymer scaffolds are able to form vascularized vaginal tissue in vivo that have phenotypic and functional properties similar to those of normal vaginal tissues. This is the first demonstration in tissue engineering wherein vaginal epithelial and smooth muscle cells are reconstituted in vivo into vaginal tissue. This technology may be pursued further experimentally in order to achieve the engineering of vaginal tissues for clinical applications.
Variable stoichiometry surface reconstructions: New models for GaAs(1¯1¯1¯) (2×2) and (√1¯9¯×√1¯9¯) (1986)

The (1\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} 1\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} 1\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}) surface of GaAs exhibits three stable reconstructions. Two are (2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2), As stabilized and Ga stabilized respectively, and the third is (\ensuremath{\surd}19 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} \ensuremath{\surd}19 ). Transitions between these structures are obtained by variation of the experimental conditions. We propose new models for all of the above reconstructions, based on ab initio total-energy calculations and experimental information regarding surface composition.
SaberLDA (2017)

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a popular tool for analyzing discrete count data such as text and images. Applications require LDA to handle both large datasets and a large number of topics. Though distributed CPU systems have been used, GPU-based systems have emerged as a promising alternative because of the high computational power and memory bandwidth of GPUs. However, existing GPU-based LDA systems cannot support a large number of topics because they use algorithms on dense data structures whose time and space complexity is linear to the number of topics.
Computer Systems Based on Silicon Photonic Interconnects (2009)

We present a computing microsystem that uniquely leverages the bandwidth, density, and latency advantages of silicon photonic interconnect to enable highly compact supercomputer-scale systems. We describe and justify single-node and multinode systems interconnected with wavelength-routed optical links, quantify their benefits vis-a-vis electrically connected systems, analyze the constituent optical component and system requirements, and provide an overview of the critical technologies needed to fulfill this system vision. This vision calls for more than a hundredfold reduction in energy to communicate an optical bit of information. We explore the power dissipation of a photonic link, suggest a roadmap to lower the energy-per-bit of silicon photonic interconnects, and identify the challenges that will be faced by device and circuit designers towards this goal.
Control Strategies for Gasoline Particulate Filters (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;While not commonly in production today, Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPFs) are likely to see widespread deployment to meet stringent EU6.2 and China particulate number (PN) standards. In many ways the operating conditions for GPFs are orthogonal to those of their diesel counterparts, and this leads to different and interesting requirements for the control strategy. We will present some generic system architectures for exhaust systems containing a GPF and will lay out an architecture for the GPF control strategy components which include: regeneration assist feature, soot estimation algorithm, GPF protection. The regeneration assist feature uses spark retard to increase exhaust temperature. The soot estimation algorithm describes how we can estimate soot from an open loop model or from a normalized pressure metric. The GPF protection feature controls oxygen flow to limit the soot burn rate. We will show validation data of the control strategy under different operating conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Impact of interferences on connectivity in ad hoc networks (2005)

We study the impact of interferences on the connectivity of large-scale ad hoc networks, using percolation theory. We assume that a bi-directional connection can be set up between two nodes if the signal to noise ratio at the receiver is larger than some threshold. The noise is the sum of the contribution of interferences from all other nodes, weighted by a coefficient /spl gamma/, and of a background noise. We find that there is a critical value of /spl gamma/ above which the network is made of disconnected clusters of nodes. We also prove that if /spl gamma/ is nonzero but small enough, there exist node spatial densities for which the network contains a large (theoretically infinite) cluster of nodes, enabling distant nodes to communicate in multiple hops. Since small values of /spl gamma/ cannot be achieved without efficient CDMA codes, we investigate the use of a very simple TDMA scheme, where nodes can emit only every nth time slot. We show that it achieves connectivity similar to the previous system with a parameter /spl gamma//n.
Threshold voltage roll-off model for low power bulk accumulation MOSFETs (2002)

A closed-form analytical threshold voltage roll-off model (/spl Delta/V/sub T/) for bulk accumulation MOSFETs, namely, buried channel accumulation (BCA) and surface channel accumulation (SCA), has been derived. Results show that scaling of BCA/SCA devices to the L=0.1 /spl mu/m range while maintaining performance is feasible for devices with very shallow tubs and source/drain junctions. It is also observed that for such devices, the SGA /spl Delta/V/sub T/ can be substantially smaller than the conventional surface channel inversion MOSFET /spl Delta/V/sub T/.
Multifunctional Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Gag-Specific CD8+T-Cell Responses in Rectal Mucosa and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells during Chronic HIV Type 1 Infection (2007)

The intestinal tract is a lymphocyte-rich site that undergoes severe depletion of memory CD4(+) T cells within days of simian immunodeficiency virus or human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. An ensuing influx of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells, which persist throughout the chronic phase of infection, has also been documented in the gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known of the functionality of these effector cells or their relationship to the disease course. In this study, we measured CD8(+) T-cell responses to HIV-1 peptides in paired rectal and blood samples from chronically infected patients. In both blood and rectum, there was an immunodominant CD8(+) T-cell response to HIV Gag compared to Pol and Env (P < 0.01). In contrast, cytomegalovirus pp65 peptides elicited gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion strongly in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but weakly in rectal CD8(+) T cells (P = 0.015). Upon stimulation with HIV peptides, CD8(+) T cells from both sites were capable of mounting complex responses including degranulation (CD107 expression) and IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production. In rectal tissue, CD107 release was frequently coupled with production of IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha. In patients not on antiretroviral therapy, the magnitude of Gag-specific responses, as a percentage of CD8(+) T cells, was greater in the rectal mucosa than in PBMC (P = 0.054); however, the breakdown of responding cells into specific functional categories was similar in both sites. These findings demonstrate that rectal CD8(+) T cells are capable of robust and varied HIV-1-specific responses and therefore likely play an active role in eliminating infected cells during chronic infection.
Re: Proteus mirabilis Fimbriae- and Urease-Dependent Clusters Assemble in an Extracellular Niche to Initiate Bladder Stone Formation (2017)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 May 2017Re: Proteus mirabilis Fimbriae- and Urease-Dependent Clusters Assemble in an Extracellular Niche to Initiate Bladder Stone Formation Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.012AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Proteus mirabilis Fimbriae- and Urease-Dependent Clusters Assemble in an Extracellular Niche to Initiate Bladder Stone Formation." The Journal of Urology, 197(5), p. 1298 © 2017 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 197Issue 5May 2017Page: 1298 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2017 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Human embryonic stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes can mobilize 1,4,5‐inositol trisphosphate–operated [Ca2+]i stores (2010)

Because previous findings showed that in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) the machinery for Ca2+-induced release of calcium is immature, we tested the hypothesis that hESC-CM contain functional 1,4,5-inositol triphosphate (IP3)-operated intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) stores. We investigated the effects of angiotensin II (AT-II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1), which activate the 1,4,5-IP3 pathway, on [Ca2+]i transients and contractions in hESC-CM. Our major findings were that in hESC-CM, both AT-II (10(-9)-10(-7) M) and ET-1 (10(-9)-10(-7) M) exert inotropic and lusitropic effects. The involvement of 1,4,5-IP3-dependent intracellular Ca2+ release in AT-I-induced effects was supported by these findings: the effects of AT-II were blocked by 2-aminoethoxyphenyl borate (2-APB, a 1,4,5-IP3 receptor blocker) and U73122 (a phosopholipase C blocker); and hESC-CM express AT-II type 1 and IP3 type I and II receptors as determined by fluorescence immunostaining. In conclusion, hESC-CM exhibit functional AT-II and ET-1 signaling pathways, as well as 1,4,5-IP3-operated releasable Ca2+ stores.
NEW STONE HOLDER MIMICS IN-VIVO STONE MOVEMENT FOR IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPTERS (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008NEW STONE HOLDER MIMICS IN-VIVO STONE MOVEMENT FOR IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPTERS Michael N Ferrandino, Sean A Pierre, W Neal Simmons, Victor A Leitao, Jun Qin, Franklin H Cocks, Glenn M Preminger, and Pei Zhong Michael N FerrandinoMichael N Ferrandino More articles by this author , Sean A PierreSean A Pierre More articles by this author , W Neal SimmonsW Neal Simmons More articles by this author , Victor A LeitaoVictor A Leitao More articles by this author , Jun QinJun Qin More articles by this author , Franklin H CocksFranklin H Cocks More articles by this author , Glenn M PremingerGlenn M Preminger More articles by this author , and Pei ZhongPei Zhong More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61733-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "NEW STONE HOLDER MIMICS IN-VIVO STONE MOVEMENT FOR IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPTERS." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 591 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 591 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Michael N Ferrandino More articles by this author Sean A Pierre More articles by this author W Neal Simmons More articles by this author Victor A Leitao More articles by this author Jun Qin More articles by this author Franklin H Cocks More articles by this author Glenn M Preminger More articles by this author Pei Zhong More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Dilution-induced gel-sol-gel-sol transitions by competitive supramolecular pathways in water (2022)

Fascinating properties are displayed by synthetic multicomponent supramolecular systems that comprise a manifold of competitive interactions, thereby mimicking natural processes. We present the integration of two reentrant phase transitions based on an unexpected dilution-induced assembly process using supramolecular polymers and surfactants. The co-assembly of the water-soluble benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA-EG<sub>4</sub>) and a surfactant at a specific ratio yielded small-sized aggregates. These interactions were modeled using the competition between self-sorting and co-assembly of both components. The small-sized aggregates were transformed into supramolecular polymer networks by a twofold dilution in water without changing their ratio. Kinetic experiments show the in situ growth of micrometer-long fibers in the dilution process. We were able to create systems that undergo fully reversible hydrogel-solution-hydrogel-solution transitions upon dilution by introducing another orthogonal interaction.
Statistical characterization of radiation-induced pulse waveforms and flip-flop soft errors in 14nm tri-gate CMOS using a back-sampling chain (BSC) technique (2017)

A novel BSC circuit with tunable current starved buffers demonstrates higher sensitivity, scalability & accurate statistical characterization of radiation-induced SET pulse waveforms & flip-flop SER in 14nm tri-gate CMOS, thus enabling improved SER estimation & analysis for a range of supply voltages including NTV.
Class I PI3K-mediated Akt and ERK signals play a critical role in FcεRI-induced degranulation in mast cells (2012)

Class IA and IB phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) have been shown to regulate mast cell functions such as proliferation, development, survival and degranulation, but the functional redundancy between these two PI3K signaling pathways in mast cells remains unclear. Here, we have generated mice deficient in both class IA regulatory subunit p85α and class IB catalytic subunit p110γ, and show that p85α(-/-)p110γ(-/-) mice exhibit a more severe defect in mast cell development than single-knockout mice. In addition, the in vivo passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction of p85α(-/-)p110γ(-/-) mice was nearly completely abrogated, whereas single-knockout mice exhibit just marginal reduction. Pharmacological inactivation of Akt in wild-type bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) led to partial reduction of degranulation, while over-expression of a constitutively active Akt partially restored the impaired degranulation in p85α(-/-)p110γ(-/-) BMMCs. We also found that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was activated in a PI3K-dependent manner upon FcεRI stimulation and that simultaneous inhibition of Akt and ERK resulted in nearly complete blockade of FcεRI-induced degranulation. Our data provide evidence that Akt and ERK pathways play redundant roles in FcεRI-induced degranulation.
An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report: Translational Research in Rare Respiratory Diseases (2017)

Rare respiratory diseases (RRDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that collectively represent a significant health care burden. In recent years, strong advocacy and policy initiatives have led to advances in the implementation of research and clinical care for rare diseases. The development of specialized centers and research networks has facilitated support for affected individuals as well as emerging programs in basic, translational, and clinical research. In selected RRDs, subsequent gains in knowledge have informed the development of targeted therapies and effective diagnostic tests, but many gaps persist. There was therefore a desire to identify the elements contributing to an effective translational research program in RRDs. To this end, a workshop was convened in October 2015 with a focus on the implementation of effective transnational research networks and collaborations aimed at developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Key elements included an emphasis on molecular pathogenesis, the continuing engagement of patient advocacy groups and policy makers, the effective use of preclinical models in the translational research pipeline, and the detailed phenotyping of patient cohorts. During the course of the workshop, current logistical and knowledge gaps were identified, and new solutions or opportunities were highlighted.
Heterogeneous T cell motility behaviors emerge from a coupling between speed and turning in vivo (2019)

Abstract T cells in vivo migrate primarily via undirected random walks, but it remains unresolved how these random walks generate an efficient search. Here, we use light sheet microscopy of T cells in the larval zebrafish as a model system to study motility across large populations of cells over hours in their native context. We show that cell-to-cell variability is amplified by a correlation between speed and directional persistence, generating a characteristic cell behavioral manifold that is preserved under a perturbation to cell speeds, and seen in Mouse T cells and Dictyostelium . These results suggest that there is a single variable underlying ameboid cell motility that jointly controls speed and turning. This coupling explains behavioral heterogeneity in diverse systems and allows cells to access a broad range of length scales.
Механизмы онколитического действия парамиксовируса Сендай (2015)

Некоторые представители парамиксовирусов обладают онколитической активностью и могут использоваться в качестве противоопухолевых агентов. Такие парамиксовирусы включают непатогенные (аттенуированные) штаммы вирусов кори, вируса болезни Ньюкасла и вируса Сендай. Все эти вирусы и вирус Сендай, в частности, способны вызывать в большой степени специфическую гибель именно злокачественных, но не нормальных клеток. Гибель злокачественных клеток происходит за счет прямого цитолитического действия вируса, а также как следствие активации противоопухолевого иммунитета. Преимущественное взаимодействие парамиксовирусов со злокачественными клетками происходит за счет того, что эти клетки в избытке продуцируют некоторые гликопротеины, способные служить рецепторами для онколитических парамиксовирусов. Кроме того, частые генетические дефекты раковых клеток в системе интерферонового и апоптозного ответов создают благоприятные условия для репликации вируса именно в злокачественных клетках. Парамиксовирусы могут усиливать образование многоядерных клеточных конгломератов (синцитиев), что ускоряет вовлечение новых клеток в инфекционный процесс внутри опухоли и позволяет вирусу ускользать от нейтрализующего воздействия антител. Все эти факторы способствуют эффективному внутриопухолевому распространению вирусной инфекции и массовой гибели злокачественных клеток. Кроме того, онколитические парамиксовирусы способны вызывать иммуноопосредованную гибель злокачественных клеток. Они действуют как мощные индукторы интерферона и других цитокинов, стимулирующих противоопухолевую активность различных клеточных компонентов иммунного ответа, таких, как дендритные клетки, натуральные киллеры и цитотоксические Т-лимфоциты. Обнадеживающие результаты, полученные в различных исследованиях, проводимых с онколитическими парамиксовирусами, можно объяснить действием указанных механизмов.
Guaranteeing the diversity of number generators (2001)

A major problem in using iterative number generators of the form x_i=f(x_{i-1}) is that they can enter unexpectedly short cycles. This is hard to analyze when the generator is designed, hard to detect in real time when the generator is used, and can have devastating cryptanalytic implications. In this paper we define a measure of security, called_sequence_diversity_, which generalizes the notion of cycle-length for non-iterative generators. We then introduce the class of counter assisted generators, and show how to turn any iterative generator (even a bad one designed or seeded by an adversary) into a counter assisted generator with a provably high diversity, without reducing the quality of generators which are already cryptographically strong.
Handbook of Liquid Crystal Research Edited by Peter J. Collings (Swarthmore College) and Jay S. Patel (Pennsylvania State University). Oxford University Press:  Oxford and New York. 1997. xv + 600 pp. $195.00. ISBN 0-19-508442-X. (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTHandbook of Liquid Crystal Research Edited by Peter J. Collings (Swarthmore College) and Jay S. Patel (Pennsylvania State University). Oxford University Press: Oxford and New York. 1997. xv + 600 pp. $195.00. ISBN 0-19-508442-X.Christopher K. OberView Author Information Cornell UniversityCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 11, 2693–2694Publication Date (Web):January 30, 1998Publication History Published online30 January 1998Published inissue 1 March 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja975565ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja975565ibook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chromatography,Liquid crystals,Materials,Polarization,Polymers Get e-Alerts