gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial nonuniformity in heat transport across hybrid material interfaces (2014)

Successful thermal management in nanostructured devices relies on control of interfacial thermal transport. Recent measurements have revealed poor thermal transport across interfaces between two dissimilar materials, e.g., organic semiconductors and metals. In such systems, the interfacial thermal conductance ${G}_{b}$ is dominated by the strength of interfacial bonding, but existing analytical models still fail to accurately predict ${G}_{b}$ especially for organic-metal interfaces. Growing interest in this research area calls for comprehensive understanding of interfacial thermal transport across hybrid material interfaces. Here we demonstrate that spatial nonuniformity has to be assessed in the calculation of ${G}_{b}$ for interfaces with partial coverage or incommensurate growth that is characteristic of these interfaces. The interface between copper phthalocyanine and fcc metals (Ag, Al, and Au) exhibits a sixfold difference between the metal's (\ensuremath{\sim}4-\AA{}) and the organic molecule's (\ensuremath{\sim}25-\AA{}) lattice constant. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the spatial variation in ${G}_{b}$, and a model is developed that considers the spatial variations in phonon transmission, successfully predicting ${G}_{b}$ for many organic-metal interfaces.
Preparation of acylpentacarbonylchromate salts and alkoxycarbene pentacarbonyl complexes of chromium employing the pentacarbonylchromate dianion ([Cr(CO)5]2-) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of acylpentacarbonylchromate salts and alkoxycarbene pentacarbonyl complexes of chromium employing the pentacarbonylchromate dianion ([Cr(CO)5]2-)M. F. Semmelhack and G. R. LeeCite this: Organometallics 1987, 6, 9, 1839–1844Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/om00152a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (947 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Concomitant Inhibition of PI3Kβ and BRAF or MEK in PTEN-Deficient/ BRAF -Mutant Melanoma Treatment: Preclinical Assessment of SAR260301 Oral PI3K β -Selective Inhibitor (2016)

Class IA PI3K pathway activation resulting from PTEN deficiency has been associated with lack of sensitivity of melanoma to BRAF kinase inhibitors. Although previous studies have shown synergistic activity when pan-PI3K inhibitors were combined with MAPK inhibitors in the treatment of melanoma exhibiting concurrent genetic abnormalities, overlapping adverse events in patients limit optimal dosing and clinical application. With the aim of specifically targeting PTEN-deficient cancers and minimizing the potential for on-target toxicity when inhibiting multiple PI3K isoforms, we developed a program to discover PI3Kβ-selective kinase inhibitors and identified SAR260301 as a potent PI3Kβ-selective, orally available compound, which is now in clinical development. Herein, we provide a detailed biological characterization of SAR260301, and show that this compound has outstanding biochemical and cellular selectivity for the PI3Kβ isoform versus the α, δ, and γ isoforms and a large panel of protein and lipid kinases. We demonstrate that SAR260301 blocks PI3K pathway signaling preferentially in PTEN-deficient human tumor models, and has synergistic antitumor activity when combined with vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor) or selumetinib (MEK inhibitor) in PTEN-deficient/BRAF-mutated human melanoma tumor models. Combination treatments were very well tolerated, suggesting the potential for a superior safety profile at optimal dosing using selective compounds to inhibit multiple signaling pathways. Together, these experiments provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for safely combining inhibitors of PI3Kβ and BRAF or MEK kinase modulators to improve antitumor activity in PTEN-deficient/BRAF-mutant melanoma, and support the evaluation of SAR260301-based combinations in clinical studies. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1460-71. ©2016 AACR.
Photoreaction Injection Molding of Biomaterial Microstructures (2003)

Reaction injection molding using in situ photoinduced polymer macromer gelation in microfluidic channels was applied to the fabrication of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel microstructures. These hydrogel microstructures were fabricated using poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchannels as mold inserts alone or in combination with photolithography. These microstructures were formed by flowing a gel precursor solution through the microfluidic network, exposing to light, and finally removing the PDMS mold. Microchannels as narrow as 10 μm wide could be used for molding PEG hydrogels, and the resulting three-dimensional hydrogel microstructures did not delaminate from substrates treated with 3-(trichlorosilyl)propyl methacrylate, a gel adhesion promoter. By exploitation of the laminar flow and poor mixing conditions in a microfluidic channel, single microstructures with heterogeneous chemistries were also created, using peptide-modified structures to promote cell adhesion as a model.
Breakthroughs in Medicinal Chemistry: New Targets and Mechanisms, New Drugs, New Hopes-3 (2018)

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Differential Inhibition by Aspirin of Vascular and Platelet Prostaglandin Synthesis in Atherosclerotic Patients (1983)

We studied the ability of a single oral dose of aspirin to inhibit prostacyclin synthesis by human arterial and venous tissue and to inhibit thromboxane A2 synthesis by platelets in 70 patients who were undergoing aortocoronary bypass. A dose of 40, 80, or 325 mg of aspirin was administered 12 to 16 hours before surgery. The generation of thromboxane in serum--which provides an estimate of platelet thromboxane production--was reduced from the control value by 77, 95, and 99 per cent after single doses of 40, 80, and 325 mg of aspirin, respectively. By contrast, prostacyclin production in aortic tissue that was removed at operation was reduced by only 35, 38, and 75 per cent, respectively, in response to these doses. Production of prostacyclin in saphenous-vein tissue (not tested after 40 mg of aspirin) fell only slightly and not significantly after 80 mg but was reduced by 85 per cent after 325 mg. These findings indicate that a low dose of aspirin (40 to 80 mg) can largely inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane synthesis but has much less effect on prostacyclin production in arterial and venous endothelium.
Quad-core radiation-hardened system-on-chip power architecture processor (2015)

Based on the QorIQ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> system-on-chip processor architecture from Freescale Semiconductor with additional unique features for space applications, the RAD55xx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> system-on-chip platform integrated circuit can be personalized into multiple processor solutions. The RAD55xx platform includes four 32/64 bit Power Architecture <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> processor cores, three levels of on-die cache memory, dual interleaved DDR3 DRAM controllers, data path acceleration architecture (DPAA) on-die hardware accelerators, a NAND Flash controller, and high I/O throughput based on serializer/deserializer high speed links. Manufactured at the IBM trusted foundry in 45nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) process technology with copper interconnect and leveraging the radiation-hardened by design RH45 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> technology, the RAD55xx platform optimizes power/performance to deliver processor throughput of up to 5.6 GOPS/3.7 GFLOPS, memory bandwidth of up to 102 Gb/s, and I/O throughput of up to 64 Gb/s. Each of the highly efficient RAD5500™ 64-bit cores offers direct addressability to 64 GB of memory, improves double precision floating point performance, and achieves 3.0 Dhrystone MIPS/MHz. The RAD55xx platform is designed for insertion into systems using the SpaceVPX standard, supporting the RapidIO data plane, SpaceWire control plane, and I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C utility plane. Architectural trades, the development methodology, technical challenges, and single board computer solutions are discussed.
The High Pressure Range of the Addition of OH to C2H2 and C2H4 (1997)

Abstract The kinetics of the bimolecular reactions OH+C 2 H 2 +M ⟺ C 2 H 2 OH+M (1) and OH+C 2 H 4 +M ⟺ C 2 H 4 OH+M (2) have been investigated over an extended pressure (1–130 bar) and temperature (300–800 K) range. The OH radicals have been generated by laser flash photolysis of suited precursors and their decays have been measured by saturated laser‐induced fluorescence (SLIF) under pseudo‐first‐order conditions. The pressure dependences have been analyzed by constructing falloff curves at fixed temperatures leading to reliable extrapolations towards the high pressure limiting rate constants k ∞ . In the given temperature range these rate constants are represented as k 1,∞ = 3.8×10 −11 exp (–910 K/ T ) cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 and as k 2,∞ = 1.0×10 −11 cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 . At temperatures above 700 K biexponential decay curves have been obtained. The chemical equilibria of reactions (1) and (2) could be determined. By a third law analysis the equilibrium constants have been evaluated with reaction enthalpies for the addition complex C 2 H 2 OH of δ I H o 1 (O K) = ‐(146 ± 10) kJ/mol and for C 2 H 4 OH of δ I H o 2 (O K) = ‐(123 ± 6) kJ/mol, respectively. The two equilibrium constants are given by K 1,eq = (5.4±2.2)×10 −2 ( T /K) −1.7±0.2 exp ((17560±1200) K/ T ) bar −1 and K 2,eq = 2.1 × 10 −2 (T/K) −95±0.1 × exp ((14780±720) K/ T ) bar −1 , respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Boron Trifluoride‐Promoted Addition of Organolithiums to Oxime Ethers. A Facile Synthesis of Substituted Hydroxylamines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Variability of Color Choice in the Lüscher Color Test—Sex Differences (2003)

In this preliminary investigation of variability of responses on the Lüscher Color Test, subjects were 567 volunteers administered the test twice with a 10-min. interval between them. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) that variability of responses attests to the personality of the respondent (tested by the relations of variability and MMPI scale scores), and (b) variability of responses is based on learning the test's content. As such, men's scores should be more variable than women's. Analysis showed that variability was not correlated with scores for personality on the MMPI scales. Men's scores are more variable than women's, but only until age 45.
A Custom Online Ultrasonic Gas Mixture Analyzer With Simultaneous Flowmetry, Developed for the Upgraded Evaporative Cooling System of the ATLAS Silicon Tracker (2014)

We describe a combined ultrasonic instrument for continuous gas flow measurement and simultaneous real-time binary gas mixture analysis. In the instrument, sound bursts are transmitted in opposite directions, which may be aligned with the gas flow path or at an angle to it, the latter configuration being the best adapted to high flow rates. The combined flow measurement and mixture analysis algorithm exploits the phenomenon whereby the sound velocity in a binary gas mixture at known temperature and pressure is a unique function of the molar concentration of the two components. The instrument is central to a possible upgrade to the present ATLAS silicon tracker cooling system in which octafluoropropane (C F ) evaporative cooling fluid would be replaced by a blend containing up to 25% hexafluoroethane (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> ). The instrument has been developed in two geometries following computational fluid dynamics studies of various mechanical layouts. An instrument with 45 crossing angle has been installed for commissioning in the ATLAS silicon tracker cooling system. It can be used in gas flows up to 20 000 l.min <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> and has demonstrated a flow resolution of 2.3% of full scale for linear flow velocities up to 10 m.s in preliminary studies with air. Other instruments are currently used to detect low levels of C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> vapor leaking into the N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> environmental gas surrounding the ATLAS silicon tracker. A long-duration continuous study of more than a year has demonstrated a sensitivity to mixture variation of better than 5.10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> .
Increasing the viscosity of the intestinal contents stimulates proliferation of enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliandBrachyspira pilosicoliin weaner pigs (2002)

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of increased viscosity of the intestinal digesta on proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli in weaned pigs. Pigs were fed an experimental diet based on cooked white rice (R), which was supplemented with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; 40 g/kg diet) to increase digesta viscosity. Thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 d of age were divided into six groups, three of which were fed R and three Addition of CMC increased digesta viscosity in the ileum (P=0.01), caecum (P=0.0007) and colon (P=0.0035), without increasing indices of large intestinal fermentation. Pigs fed developed a natural infection with enterotoxigenic E. coli after weaning and had more (P<0.0001) diarrhoea than pigs fed R. Subsequent experimental infection of two groups of pigs with B. pilosicoli resulted in more (P<0.0001) colonisation in pigs fed than R. At this time, all pigs fed had wetter (P<0.0001) faeces than those fed R, irrespective of whether they were infected with B. pilosicoli, but infected pigs also had an increased (P=0.025) number of days with diarrhoea post-infection irrespective of diet. In pigs fed it was not clear to what extent the increased viscosity associated with CMC, or the concurrent infection with enterotoxigenic E. coli, was responsible for the increased proliferation of B. pilosicoli. In a second experiment, five pigs that were weaned onto an R diet were transferred onto 3 weeks later. These pigs did not develop a natural infection with enterotoxigenic E. coli after the diet change, confirming the particular susceptibility of pigs to enterotoxigenic E. coli proliferation immediately post-weaning.
Regulation of valve interstitial cell homeostasis by mechanical deformation: implications for heart valve disease and surgical repair (2017)

Mechanical stress is one of the major aetiological factors underlying soft-tissue remodelling, especially for the mitral valve (MV). It has been hypothesized that altered MV tissue stress states lead to deviations from cellular homeostasis, resulting in subsequent cellular activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. However, a quantitative link between alterations in the organ-level <i>in vivo</i> state and <i>in vitro-</i>based mechanobiology studies has yet to be made. We thus developed an integrated experimental-computational approach to elucidate MV tissue and interstitial cell responses to varying tissue strain levels. Comprehensive results at different length scales revealed that normal responses are observed only within a defined range of tissue deformations, whereas deformations outside of this range lead to hypo- and hyper-synthetic responses, evidenced by changes in α-smooth muscle actin, type I collagen, and other ECM and cell adhesion molecule regulation. We identified MV interstitial cell deformation as a key player in leaflet tissue homeostatic regulation and, as such, used it as the metric that makes the critical link between <i>in vitro</i> responses to simulated equivalent <i>in vivo</i> behaviour. Results indicated that cell responses have a delimited range of <i>in vivo</i> deformations that maintain a homeostatic response, suggesting that deviations from this range may lead to deleterious tissue remodelling and failure.
Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels by Gonadotropins, Growth Factors, and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Cultured Rat Granulosa Cells* (1991)

The induction of LH receptors in granulosa cells is prerequisite for ovarian follicles to ovulate and form corpora lutea. Earlier studies have demonstrated the modulatory role of gonadotropins, growth factors, and GnRH on ovarian LH receptor content. We have now analyzed the influences of gonadotropins (FSH, LH, and PRL), several growth factors, and GnRH on LH receptor mRNA levels in cultured granulosa cells. Cells were obtained from immature estrogen-treated rats and cultured in medium containing FSH with or without growth factors or GnRH for 48 h. Some cells were also treated with FSH for 48 h, followed by treatment with FSH, LH, or PRL for another 2 days. Cellular total RNA was extracted, and blot hybridization with 32P-labeled LH receptor cRNA or 28S ribosomal RNA cDNA probes was performed. Treatment of granulosa cells with FSH increased the levels of five species of LH receptor mRNAs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In FSH-primed cells, LH receptor mRNA levels were maintained by FSH, LH, and PRL. In contrast, treatment of cells with basic fibroblast growth factor or epidermal growth factor suppressed FSH induction of LH receptor mRNA in a dose-dependent manner, whereas treatment with insulin-like growth factor-I had no effect. In addition, GnRH suppressed FSH-stimulated LH receptor mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner; the effects of GnRH could be counteracted by coincubation with a GnRH antagonist, suggesting mediation by specific GnRH-binding sites. These studies demonstrated that the observed stimulatory effects of gonadotropins (FSH, LH, and PRL) and the inhibitory effects of growth factors (epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor) and GnRH on LH receptor content are correlated to their regulation of LH receptor mRNA levels. The granulosa cell culture system should provide a useful model for studying LH receptor gene regulation.
Characterization of CMOS compatible waveguide-coupled leaky-mode photodetectors (2006)

Near-field scanning optical microscopy has been employed for the first time to analyze integrated photodetectors. Waveguide-coupled leaky-mode polysilicon metal-semiconductor-metal photodiodes fabricated in commercial complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology for on-chip optical interconnects exhibit a measured effective absorption coefficient of 0.67 dB/μm allowing a 10-μm-long detector to absorb 83% of the light in the waveguide with an estimated responsivity of 0.35 A/W at 654 nm. The measured effective absorption coefficient is in good agreement with effective index mode overlap calculations.
An example of a quantum catastrophe (1988)

The authors study the excited-stage energies of the s-wave hydrogen atom with the polynomial perturbation 2 lambda r+2 lambda 2r2. They demonstrate the existence of a discontinuity in the eigenvalue spectrum at lambda =0 as lambda changes from positive to negative.
Recent Hybrid Plasma Better Neutralizes Omicron Sublineages Than Old Hyperimmune Serum (2022)

To the Editor—We read with interest the study by Awasthi et al reporting that 2020 hyperimmune anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG), or hCOV-2IG, neutralizes BA.5 Omicron with identical neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers to coronavirus disease 2019 convalescent plasma (CCP) collected from vaccinated donors suffering BA.1 breakthrough infections in 2022 (2022 VaxCCP) [1]. Finding additional therapeutic options is important in a rapidly changing pandemic and we commend the authors on this effort. The few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 2020 hCOV-2IG reported thus far show no efficacy, but this was likely because of late usage in hospitalized patients [2]. hCOV-2IG is produced by fractionation of CCP and contains IgG at 10-fold higher concentration than in fresh frozen CCP, but the latter also includes antiviral immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M, which contribute most of the nAbs [3], that are removed during Cohn fractionation [4]. While the superiority of 2020 hCOV-2IG over 2020 CCP likely stems from the law of mass action [5], when even low-affinity antibodies to earlier variants bind to the Omicron variant as mass compensates for low affinity, we should be very cautious at assuming identical in vitro potency of 2020 hCOV-2IG to 2022 VaxCCP. First, in Figure 1A, VaxCCP shows superior nAb titers than hCOV-2IG against BA.1 (3-fold), BA.1.1 (4-fold), BA.2 (2-fold), BA.2.12.1 (2-fold), and BA.3 (4-fold) [1]. When it comes to BA.4/5, the authors report identical nAb titers for 2020 hCOV-2IG and 2022 VaxCCP. Two- and 4-fold lower differences in hCOV-2IG neutralizing activity could matter clinically, as the product is diluted after infusion and the neutralization benefit from the law of mass action decreases. Several studies have instead shown that CCP after wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection has far lower in vitro neutralization efficacy than BA.4/5 [6], and the same inferiority applies to CCP from former variants of concern (VOCs) versus VaxCCP from former VOCs [7]. Consequently, the raw ingredient for 2020 hCOV-2IG seems of poorer quality than 2022 VaxCCP. Other important limitations of hCOV-2IG relative to VaxCCP are cost and the several-month delay between collection and lot release [8], and the scarcity of the current intravenous immune globulin supply.