gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of the Effect of NiCo, Ni and Co Catalysts on the Yield of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Formed by Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Ablation (1999)

We revealed that the yield of SWNTs formed by Nd:YAG laser ablation depends on the target composition with yields following the order CxNiyCoy > CxNiy ≫ CxCoz. The SWNT bundles in the web formed when using the CxNiyCoy target (web-CxNiyCoy) is thicker and longer than those in the web-CxNiy. The diameters of the SWNTs in the web-CxNiyCoy were larger and more uniform than those of the SWNTs in the web-CxNiy. The NiCo particles in the web-CxNiyCoy and the Ni particles in the web-CxNiy were nanometer sized and were embedded in the amorphous carbon flakes that were dispersed throughout the weblike deposits. Filmlike deposits were formed when using the CxCoz targets, and nanometer-sized Co particles in these deposits were localized within sub-millimeter-sized areas. Examination of the target surfaces revealed that Ni emits from the CxNiy target more efficiently than NiCo from the CxNiyCoy target or Co from the CxCoz target during the laser ablation. On the basis of these results, we provide an explanation of how the yield and structure of SWNTs formed by laser ablation depend on the species of the metal catalysts.
WE‐AB‐BRB‐04: Cherenkov Imaging for Radiation Therapy Dose Verification On Patients (2016)

Despite widespread IMRT treatments at modern radiation therapy clinics, precise dosimetric commissioning of an IMRT system remains a challenge. In the most recent report from the Radiological Physics Center (RPC), nearly 20% of institutions failed an end‐to‐end test with an anthropomorphic head and neck phantom, a test that has rather lenient dose difference and distance‐to‐agreement criteria of 7% and 4 mm. The RPC report provides strong evidence that IMRT implementation is prone to error and that improved quality assurance tools are required. At the heart of radiation therapy dosimetry is the multidimensional dosimeter. However, due to the limited availability of water‐equivalent dosimetry materials, research and development in this important field is challenging. In this session, we will review a few dosimeter developments that are either in the laboratory phase or in the pre‐commercialization phase. 1) Radiochromic plastic. Novel formulations exhibit light absorbing optical contrast with very little scatter, enabling faster, broad beam optical CT design. 2) Storage phosphor. After irradiation, the dosimetry panels will be read out using a dedicated 2D scanning apparatus in a non‐invasive, electro‐optic manner and immediately restored for further use. 3) Liquid scintillator. Scintillators convert the energy from x‐rays and proton beams into visible light, which can be recorded with a scientific camera (CCD or CMOS) from multiple angles. The 3D shape of the dose distribution can then be reconstructed. 4) Cherenkov emission imaging. Gated intensified imaging allows video‐rate passive detection of Cherenkov emission during radiation therapy with the room lights on. Learning Objectives: To understand the physics of a variety of dosimetry techniques based upon optical imaging To investigate the strategies to overcome respective challenges and limitations To explore novel ideas of dosimeter design Supported in part by NIH Grants R01CA148853, R01CA182450, R01CA109558. Brian Pogue is founder and president of the company DoseOptics LLC, dedicated to developing and commercializing the first dedicated Cerenkov imaging camera and system for radiation dose imaging. Work reported in this talk does not involve the use of DoseOptics technology.; H. Li, this work was supported in part by NIH Grant No. R01CA148853; S. Beddar, NIH funding R01‐CA182450
Development and Evaluation of a Solid-Supported Cyclobutadieneiron Tricarbonyl Complex for Parallel Synthesis Applications (2012)

Cycloadditions of cyclobutadiene can offer rapid access to rigid polycyclic ring systems. Further functionalization of these strained-ring cycloadducts can lead to unique scaffolds for probing unexplored regions of chemical space. Along these lines, opportunities for high-throughput syntheses of these novel systems could be facilitated with the introduction of an immobilized cyclobutadiene reagent. Reported herein are preliminary studies of an iron tricarbonyl cyclobutadiene complex attached to solid support. Oxidative unmasking of the immobilized cyclobutadiene in the presence of various dienophiles is shown to produce a small collection of substituted bicyclo[2.2.0]hexene derivatives. The solid support cycloaddition strategy is shown to be comparable, but lower in efficiency to solution phase methods for generating these cycloadducts.
Lactic Acid Bacteria as Live Vectors: Heterologous Protein Production and Delivery Systems (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction LAB: The Context Behind Their Use as Live Vectors New and Future Uses of LAB Lactococcus lactis: The Model LAB Genetic Tools for the Production of Heterologous Proteins in L. lactis Expression and Targeting Systems of Heterologous Proteins Cellular Targeting Systems of Heterologous Proteins Genetically Modified Strains LAB as Live Vaccines Conclusions References
Protein‐Enabled Synthesis of Monodisperse Titania Nanoparticles On and Within Polyelectrolyte Matrices (2009)

Abstract Here, the results of a study of the mechanism of bio‐enabled surface‐mediated titania nanoparticle synthesis with assistance of polyelectrolyte surfaces are reported. By applying atomic force microscopy, surface force spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, structural changes of rSilC‐silaffin upon its adsorption to polyelectrolyte surfaces prior to and during titania nanoparticle growth are revealed. It is demonstrated that the adhesion of rSilC‐silaffin onto polyelectrolyte surfaces results in its reorganization from a random‐coil conformation in solution into a mixed secondary structure with both random coil and β ‐sheet structures presented. Moreover, the protein forms a continuous molecularly thin layer with well‐defined monodisperse nanodomains of lateral dimensions below 20 nm. It is also shown that rSilC embedded inside the polylelectrolyte matrix preserves its titania formation activity. It is suggested that the surface‐mediated, bio‐enabled synthesis of nanostructured materials might be useful to develop general procedures for controlled growth of inorganic nanomaterials on reactive organic surfaces, which opens new perspectives in the design of tailored, in situ grown, hybrid inorganic–organic nanomaterials.
Elucidation of Hydrophilization Mechanism on Film Surface and Design of Silicic Ester by Use of Quantitative Evaluation of Hydrolysis Ratio and Content of Silicic Ester (2001)

近年, 塗膜表面を親水化し付着した汚れを降雨により除去するように設計された低汚染性塗料が注目されている。親水化剤にはケイ酸エステル (アルキルシリケート) が用いられるが, 親水化機構が明らかでないため, 市販の材料のなかから試行錯誤により選択せざるを得ない。親水化機構が明らかになれば効率的にかつ科学的に高機能なケイ酸エステルが設計できる。そこで著者らは, さきに開発したXPSを用いたケイ酸エステルの塗膜表面存在率と加水分解率の定量方法およびTEM観察により親水化機構を解明した。その結果, ケイ酸エステルは塗膜表面に数十nmの濃縮層を形成し, 空気中の水分により徐じょに加水分解することがわかった。また, 表面移行性と加水分解性の両方を併せもつケイ酸エステルが, より高い機能を有することがわかった。検討の結果, 表面移行性には分子量を高める設計, 加水分解性にはアルコキシ基への-I効果置換基の導入が有効であることがわかり, より高い機能を有するケイ酸エステルを設計することができた。
Insights on Higher-Mode Effects in High-Rise Buildings with Flexible Base Rotational and Translational Restraints: A Theoretical Study Using a Continuum Beam Analogy (2021)

High-rise buildings are sensitive to higher-mode effects that can significantly magnify the seismic response of these structures. An uncoupled rocking and shear mechanism system that introduces nonlinearity in both flexure and shear at the base of high-rise structures has been proposed and validated as being efficient in mitigating higher-mode effects and achieving low-damage design. In this paper, structures with base flexural and shear mechanisms are idealized using continuum cantilevers with flexible rotational and translational restraints. Modal analyses of these cantilevers provide insights on how higher-mode effects in high-rise buildings are affected as the base restraints are varied in their fixity.
Network Slice Life-Cycle Management Towards Automation (2019)

We present a method of orchestrating end-to-end network slices and managing their life-cycle. Through this method, we propose management and orchestration processes and operations and describe them one by one in order to provide a global view applicable to different scenarios.The proposed solution is based on software modeling of services and resources which allows a customized software design and an intelligent and optimized deployment over heterogenous IT and Network ressources modeled as graph databases.
Neurturin-Mediated Ret Activation Is Required for Retinal Function (2008)

The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs) [GDNF, NRTN (neurturin), ARTN (artemin), and PSPN (persephin)] interact with GDNF family receptors (GFRalphas) and activate intracellular signaling through the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase. To characterize the role of Ret signaling in retinal activity, we examined Ret hypomorphic and Ret conditional mice using electroretinography. We found that aberrant Ret function resulted in markedly diminished scotopic and photopic responses. Using mice deficient in individual GFLs, we found that only NRTN deficiency led to reduced retinal activity. To determine the potential target cell type for NRTN, we examined the retinal expression of its coreceptors (GFRalpha1 and GFRalpha2) and Ret using mice expressing fluorescence reporter enhanced green fluorescent protein from their respective loci. We found robust GFRalpha1 and Ret expression in horizontal, amacrine, and ganglion cells, whereas GFRalpha2 expression was only detected in a subset of amacrine and ganglion cells. In contrast to previous studies, no expression of GFRalpha1, GFRalpha2, or Ret was detected in photoreceptors or Müller cells, suggesting that these cells are not directly affected by Ret. Finally, detailed morphologic analyses of retinas from NRTN- and Ret-deficient mice demonstrated a reduction in normal horizontal cell dendrites and axons, abnormal extensions of horizontal cell and bipolar cell processes into the outer nuclear layer, and mislocalized synaptic complexes. These anatomic abnormalities indicate a possible basis for the abnormal retinal activity in the Ret and NRTN mutant mice.
Degree of immune suppression and risk of HIV-related Hodgkin lymphoma: time points matter (2009)

To the editor:

In a recent issue of Blood , Clifford and colleagues[1][1] reported interesting findings from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study pertaining to the debated relationship, in the setting of HIV infection, between occurrence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and degree of immune suppression. In contrast
ChemInform Abstract: EFFICIENT DE NOVO CONSTRUCTION OF THE INDANEPROPIONIC ACID PRECURSOR OF 11‐OXO STEROIDS. AN IMPROVED INTERNAL DIELS‐ALDER SEQUENCE (1982)

Abstract Durch Cycloaddition des Enamins (II) an den Ketoester (I) wird nach anschließender Hydrolyse das Indenongerüst (III) erhalten.
FPGA Implementation of High Resolution Spectral De-Noising Modules of MEMS-based Inertial Sensors (2007)

Accessibility to Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has been severely limited by cost in the past. The introduction of low cost Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) based INS to be integrated with GPS in order to provide a reliable positioning solution has provided more wide spread use of such systems. However, MEMS-based INS suffer from a wide variety of stochastic error characteristics (bias drift, scale factor instability, randomwalk) that could be either long-term (low frequency) or short-term (high frequency). This requires sophisticated pre-filtering techniques with high-resolution spectral denoising capabilities, in order to extract the desired motion components. Fast Orthogonal Search (FOS) is one such method and has provided superior performance over other pre-filtering techniques including wavelet de-noising. This paper presents a real-time implementation of the FOS de-noising algorithm. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was selected as a suitable hardware platform for its speed and ability to provide processing perform operations in parallel. For implementation on a FPGA, the performance of the FOS algorithm using fixed point numbers was investigated. In addition, memory requirements for cross-correlation tables used by the FOS algorithm were excessive, so optimizations in the look-up table were developed.
Molecular profiling of extracellular vesicles via charge-based capture using oxide nanowire microfluidics (2021)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promising features as biomarkers for early cancer diagnoses. The outer layer of cancer cell-derived EVs consists of organotropic metastasis-induced membrane proteins and specifically enriched proteoglycans, and these molecular compositions determine EV surface charge. Although many efforts have been devoted to investigating the correlation between EV subsets obtained through density-, size-, and immunoaffinity-based captures and expressed membrane proteins, understanding the correlation between EV subsets obtained through surface charge-based capture and expressed membrane proteins is lacking. Here, we propose a methodology to profile membrane proteins of EV subsets obtained through surface charge-based capture. Nanowire-induced charge-based capture of EVs and in-situ profiling of EV membrane proteins are the two key methodology points. The oxide nanowires allowed EVs to be obtained through surface charge-based capture due to the diverse isoelectric points of the oxides and the large surface-to-volume ratios of the nanowire structures. And, with the ZnO nanowire device, whose use does not require any purification and concentration processes, we demonstrated the correlation between negatively-charged EV subsets and expressed membrane proteins derived from each cell. Furthermore, we determined that a colon cancer related membrane protein was overexpressed on negatively charged surface EVs derived from colon cancer cells.
Use of fluidized-bed electrode reactors for alane production (2023)

Fluidized-bed reactors for producing alane are provided herein. An exemplary process includes inducing an electrical potential difference in an electrolyte solution to produce an anolyte solution that includes an alane adduct, wherein an electrical potential difference is generated between anode aluminum particles and a cathode, the electrolyte solution including an alkali metal hydride dissolved in a solvent, the anode aluminum particles and cathode being separated by a diaphragm.
Thermooxidative ageing of polyoxymethylene, part 1: Chemical aspects (2007)

Abstract The thermal oxidation of unstabilised POM homopolymer has been studied at 90, 110, and 130°C under various oxygen pressures ranging from 0 to 2.0 MPa by gravimetry and IR spectrometry. This latter reveals essentially the formation of formate (F) groups and alcohols in smaller quantities. The formate growth and mass loss rates increase pseudo hyperbolically with oxygen pressure, the asymptotic level being reached at pressures up to 0.5 MPa. These results lead to propose a mechanistic scheme of radical chain oxidation in which depolymerization is initiated by hydroperoxide unimolecular decomposition, one formate and one chain scission being formed per decomposition event whereas the kinetic chain length of the depolymerization zip is of the order of 100. A kinetic model derived from the mechanistic scheme, taking into account substrate consumption, simulates correctly the shape of kinetic curves and the effect of temperature and oxygen pressure. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Adaptation of the behaviour of an aspartic proteinase inhibitor by relocation of a lysine residue by one helical turn (2006)

In addition to self-inhibition of aspartic proteinase zymogens by their intrinsic proparts, the activity of certain members of this enzyme family can be modulated through active-site occupation by extrinsic polypeptides such as the small IA3 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The unprecedented mechanism by which IA3 helicates to inhibit its sole target aspartic proteinase locates an i, i+4 pair of charged residues (Lys18+Asp22) on an otherwise-hydrophobic face of the amphipathic helix. The nature of these residues is not crucial for effective inhibition, but re-location of the lysine residue by one turn (+4 residues) in the helical IA3 positions its side chain in the mutant IA3-proteinase complex in an orientation essentially identical to that of the key lysine residue in zymogen proparts. The binding of the extrinsic mutant IA3 shows pH dependence reminiscent of that required for the release of intrinsic zymogen proparts so that activation can occur.
A low-jitter wideband multiphase PLL in 90nm SOI CMOS technology (2005)

A multiphase PLL, implemented in 90nm SOI CMOS, covers a frequency range from 4.3 to 7.4GHz at a supply voltage of 1V. The ring oscillator-based PLL shows an in-band phase noise of up to -113dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and a supply noise rejection of 0.23%delay/%supply due to the rigorous application of CML-type circuit topologies combined with replica biasing.
In situ cryo-electron tomography reveals the asymmetric architecture of mammalian sperm axonemes (2023)

The flagella of mammalian sperm display non-planar, asymmetric beating, in contrast to the planar, symmetric beating of flagella from sea urchin sperm and unicellular organisms. The molecular basis of this difference is unclear. Here, we perform in situ cryo-electron tomography of mouse and human sperm, providing the highest-resolution structural information to date. Our subtomogram averages reveal mammalian sperm-specific protein complexes within the microtubules, the radial spokes and nexin-dynein regulatory complexes. The locations and structures of these complexes suggest potential roles in enhancing the mechanical strength of mammalian sperm axonemes and regulating dynein-based axonemal bending. Intriguingly, we find that each of the nine outer microtubule doublets is decorated with a distinct combination of sperm-specific complexes. We propose that this asymmetric distribution of proteins differentially regulates the sliding of each microtubule doublet and may underlie the asymmetric beating of mammalian sperm.
Page segmentation based on thinning of background (1996)

This paper presents a new method of page segmentation based on the analysis of background (white areas). The proposed method is capable of segmenting pages with non-rectangular layout as well as with various angles of skew. The characteristics of the method are as follows: (1) thinning of the background enables us to represent white areas of any shape as connected thin lines or chains and the robustness for tilted page images is also achieved by the representation; and (2) based on this representation, the task of page segmentation is defined as to find the loops enclosing printed areas. The task is achieved by eliminating unnecessary chains using not only a feature of white areas, but also a feature of black areas divided by a chain. Based on the experimental results and the comparison with previous methods, we discuss the advantages and limitations of the proposed method.
Drug Distribution and Basic Pharmacology of Paclitaxel/Resveratrol-Coated Balloon Catheters (2018)

Paclitaxel/resveratrol-coated balloons were effective and safe in animal studies. Beyond acting as excipient resveratrol may contribute to vascular healing.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of 4′,5′‐Unsaturated Nucleosides (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ImageStream promyelocytic leukemia protein immunolocalization: In search of promyelocytic leukemia cells (2012)

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a hematological emergency in which a rapid diagnosis is essential for early administration of appropriate therapy, including all-trans retinoic acid before the onset of fatal coagulopathy. Currently, the following methodologies are widely used for rapid initial diagnosis of APL: 1) identification of hypergranular leukemic promyelocytes by using classical morphology; 2) identification of cells with diffuse promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein distribution by immunofluorescence microscopy; 3) evidence of aberrant promyelocyte surface immunophenotype by conventional flow cytometry (FCM). Here, we show a method for immunofluorescent detection of PML localization using ImageStream FCM. This technique provides objective per-cell quantitative image analysis for statistically large sample sizes, enabling precise and operator-independent PML pattern recognition even in electronic and real dilution experiments up to 10% of APL cellular presence. Therefore, we evidence that this method could be helpful for rapid and objective initial diagnosis and the prompt initiation of APL treatment.
Intramedullary transmetatarsal Kirschner wire fixation of Lisfranc fracture-dislocations. (2003)

Lisfranc joint injuries are frequently the result of high-energy accidents. The usual method of treatment is open reduction and internal fixation or closed reduction with percutaneous pinning. In cases in which soft tissue injury may compromise open reduction and internal fixation or traditional pinning techniques, transmetatarsal Kirschner wire fixation may be performed, allowing the placement of temporary hardware away from the site of soft tissue injury. The following report details this technique as it has been used in 3 patients.
Degeneracy in Self-Calibration Revisited and a Deep Learning Solution for Uncalibrated SLAM (2019)

Self-calibration of camera intrinsics and radial distortion has a long history of research in the computer vision community. However, it remains rare to see real applications of such techniques to modern Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) systems, especially in driving scenarios. In this paper, we revisit the geometric approach to this problem, and provide a theoretical proof that explicitly shows the ambiguity between radial distortion and scene depth when two-view geometry is used to self-calibrate the radial distortion. In view of such geometric degeneracy, we propose a learning approach that trains a convolutional neural network (CNN) on a large amount of synthetic data. We demonstrate the utility of our proposed method by applying it as a checkerboard-free calibration tool for SLAM, achieving comparable or superior performance to previous learning and hand-crafted methods.
Sparse Representation For Image Prediction (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
Narrow Linewidth Midinfrared Frequency Combs from Doubly-Resonant OPOs (2016)

We generate broadband midinfrared frequency combs with a doubly-resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO). When non-degenerate, the OPO can be optically referenced. When degenerate, the OPO can operate passively with sub-Hz relative linewidth.