gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sum Rate Maximization for MU-MISO with Partial CSIT using Joint\n Multicasting and Broadcasting (2015)

In this paper, we consider a MU-MISO system where users have highly accurate\nChannel State Information (CSI), while the Base Station (BS) has partial CSI\nconsisting of an imperfect channel estimate and statistical knowledge of the\nCSI error. With the objective of maximizing the Average Sum Rate (ASR) subject\nto a power constraint, a special transmission scheme is considered where the BS\ntransmits a common symbol in a multicast fashion, in addition to the\nconventional private symbols. This scheme is termed Joint Multicasting and\nBroadcasting (JMB). The ASR problem is transformed into an augmented Average\nWeighted Sum Mean Square Error (AWSMSE) problem which is solved using\nAlternating Optimization (AO). The enhanced rate performance accompanied with\nthe incorporation of the multicast part is demonstrated through simulations.\n
Neutralization of the anthrax toxin by antibody-mediated stapling of its membrane-penetrating loop (2021)

Anthrax infection is associated with severe illness and high mortality. Protective antigen (PA) is the central component of the anthrax toxin, which is one of two major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax disease. Upon endocytosis, PA opens a pore in the membranes of endosomes, through which the cytotoxic enzymes of the toxin are extruded. The PA pore is formed by a cooperative conformational change in which the membrane-penetrating loops of PA associate, forming a hydrophobic rim that pierces the membrane. Due to its crucial role in anthrax progression, PA is an important target for monoclonal antibody-based therapy. cAb29 is a highly effective neutralizing antibody against PA. Here, the cryo-EM structure of PA in complex with the Fab portion of cAb29 was determined. It was found that cAb29 neutralizes the toxin by clamping the membrane-penetrating loop of PA to the static surface-exposed loop of the D3 domain of the same subunit, thereby preventing pore formation. These results provide the structural basis for the antibody-based neutralization of PA and bring into focus the membrane-penetrating loop of PA as a target for the development of better anti-anthrax vaccines.
Microhydraulic Electrowetting Actuators (2016)

The conversion of electrical to mechanical power on a sub-centimeter scale is a key technology in many microsystems and energy harvesting devices. In this paper, we present a type of a capacitive energy conversion device that uses capillary pressure and electrowetting to reversibly convert electrical power to hydraulic power. These microhydraulic actuators use a high surface-to-volume ratio to deliver high power at a relatively low voltage with an energy conversion efficiency of over 65%. The capillary pressure generated grows linearly with shrinking capillary diameter, as does the frequency of actuation. We present the pressure, frequency, and power scaling properties of these actuators and demonstrate that power density scales up as the inverse capillary diameter squared, leading to high-efficiency actuators with a strength density exceeding biological muscle. Two potential applications for microhydraulics are also demonstrated: soft-microrobotics and energy harvesting.
Secure information sharing enabled by Trusted Computing and PEI models (2006)

The central goal of secure information sharing is to "share but protect" where the motivation to "protect" is to safeguard the sensitive content from unauthorized disclosure (in contrast to protecting the content to avoid loss of revenue as in retail Digital Rights Management). This elusive goal has been a major driver for information security for over three decades. Recently, the need for secure information sharing has dramatically increased with the explosion of the Internet and the convergence of outsourcing, offshoring and B2B collaboration in the commercial arena and the real-world demonstration of the tragic consequences of lack of information sharing in the national security arena. As technology has made the "share" aspect ever easier so has it increased the difficulty of enforcing the "protect" aspect. The central contribution of this paper is to show that the emergence of industrial strength Trusted Computing (TC) technology offers a range of novel solutions to the long-standing problem of secure information sharing. To this end we introduce a new framework of three layered models to analyze requirements and develop solutions, and demonstrate the application of this framework in context of TC and secure information sharing. The three layers are policy models (topmost), enforcement models (middle), and implementation models (bottom). Hence the name PEI models. At the policy model layer the secure information sharing space is divided into three categories called password based, device based, and credential based. For each of these policy categories various enforcement and implementation models can be developed. While we believe the PEI framework is relevant to security problems beyond secure information sharing, our goal in this paper is to demonstrate its application in this particular arena and identify questions for future research in this context. An essential benefit of PEI is that the three layers allow us to focus on the more important issues at a higher level of abstraction at the policy and enforcement layers, while leaving deep detail to the implementation layer. This paper focusses on the policy and enforcement layers with only passing mention of the implementation layer.
Proposal of a population wide genome-based testing for Covid-19 (2022)

Our lives (and deaths) have by now been dominated for two years by COVID-19, a pandemic that has caused hundreds of millions of disease cases, millions of deaths, trillions in economic costs, and major restrictions on our freedom. Here we suggest a novel tool for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. The key element is a method for a population-scale PCR-based testing, applied on a systematic and repeated basis. For this we have developed a low cost, highly sensitive virus-genome-based test. Using Germany as an example, we demonstrate by using a mathematical model, how useful this strategy could have been in controlling the pandemic. We show using real-world examples how this might be implemented on a mass scale and discuss the feasibility of this approach.
Local characterization of phases and phase transitions in (1998)

The hyperfine quadrupole interaction of was determined in the room-temperature to range. The study of the thermal behaviour of the hyperfine parameters identified an extended phase transition from to and the existence of a distorted low-temperature -phase.
Evaluation of Composite Membrane with Three-Dimensionally Ordered Polyimide Matrix and AMPS Gel Polymer for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (2007)

A new proton conducting composite electrolyte membrane consisting of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) polyimide matrix and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) gel polymer has been fabricated. Two types of gel polymers with different cross linker concentration were prepared. The composite membrane exhibited higher morphological stability against water and methanol absorption, and lower methanol permeability than that of Nafion ® membrane in any cross linker concentration due to suppressing polymer expansion by polyimide matrix. Furthermore, the composite membrane showed very high conductivity at least 1.1 x 10-1 S cm-1 at 60 degree C under 90% relative humidity. The effect of cross linker concentration was compensated between methanol permeability and proton conductivity.
Lab of things (2013)

Researchers who develop new home technologies using connected devices often want to conduct large-scale field studies in homes to evaluate their technology, but conducting such studies today is extremely challenging. Inspired by the success of PlanetLab, which enabled development and evaluation of global network services, we are developing a shared infrastructure for home environments, called Lab of Things. Our goal is to substantially lower the barrier to developing and evaluating new technologies for the home environment.
Improved charge amplifier using hybrid hysteresis compensation (2013)

We present a novel charge amplifier, with a robust feedback circuit and a method for compensating piezoelectric actuator's hysteresis at low frequencies. The amplifier uses a modified feedback circuit which improves robustness to the addition of series load impedance such as in cabling. We also describe a hybrid hysteresis compensation method for enabling the charge amplifier to reduce hysteresis at low frequencies. Experimental results demonstrate the utility of the new amplifier design.
ME3BP-7 is a targeted cytotoxic agent that rapidly kills pancreatic cancer cells expressing high levels of monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 (2023)

ME3BP-7 is a novel formulation of 3BP that resists serum degradation and rapidly kills pancreatic cancer cells expressing high levels of MCT1 with tolerable toxicity in mice.
Effects of heart rate in modified look-locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping (2013)

MOLLI is a method of producing a T1 map at end diastole by using the electrocardiogram (ECG) under respiratory arrest to obtain consecutive inversion recovery images with an arbitrary number of MOLLI cycles. Since a variety of heart rates are presumed clinically, it is important to understand their effects on the T1 value and the error of measurement. We investigated the error of measurement in MOLLI T1 mapping caused by changes in the heart rate. Methods MAGNETOM Avanto 1.5T, simulation ECG, and a phantom with an aqueous dilution of Gd-DTPA were used. The phantom contents and T1 values were as follows: olive oil = 213 ms, physiological saline = 3122.9 ms and aqueous dilutions of Gd-DTPA 103.6 ms-1739.9 ms were used. The imaging conditions were as follows: Sequence is single-shot TrueFISP, TR = 700 ms, TE = 1.13 ms, FA = 35 deg, FOV = 360 mm, Resolution=256 x 65%, shot duration time = 123 ms, Bandwidth = 1028 Hz/Px, Reordering=linear, MOLLI TI start = 82 ms, MOLLI TI increment =18 ms resting heart cycle 0-8, iPAT (+). In the experiment, #1 the T1 value was measured by using RR = 800 ms and two sets of MOLLI cycles (LL1=4 images, LL2=4 images) and changing the number of resting heart cycles (RT) between LL1 and LL2 from 0 to 8, and #2 The T1 value was measured by varying RR in the range 400-1000 ms and both for the case of using two sets of MOLLI cycles (LL1=8 images, LL2=2 images) with RT fixed to be 1. and for the case of changing RT from 0 to 10 so that the IR interval between LL1 and LL2 becomes approximately 7200 ms. Results The results #1, The error of measurement was approximately 45% for a T1 value of 103.6ms and approximately 5% for T1 values of 347.8-1044.2 ms, with no dependence on RT. However, for T1 values in the range 1739.9-3122.9 ms, there were large changes with RT, in the range of 10-175%. The results #2, in which RT was fixed, With RT=1, as the heart rate increased the change in the error of measurement became greater, approximately 25-50% for T1 values of 1739.9-3122.9 ms. The results of varying RT are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. When RT was adjusted to make the IR interval constant the change in the error of measurement improved to approximately 20-27% for T1 values of 1739.9-3122.9 ms.
The relationship between monochronicity, polychronicity and individual characteristics (2009)

With the increasing complexity of control rooms and the information explosion, effective multitasking is now desired. Monochronicity and polychronicity, which describe a person's ability to do one thing and many things at a time, respectively, have been studied for a long time. However, it is not clear these abilities are related to various individual characteristics. Forty-eight Chinese participants were tested on their perception, memory, judgement, attention ability and cognitive style. They also performed a task that required search and calculation under three conditions of unpaced, paced and paced with sequencing. There were significant differences in the performance and strategy between monochronic and polychronic individuals in the selective attention test. Monochronic individuals focused their attention on the primary task and achieved higher performance. Polychronic individuals had somewhat better total performance in more than one task under time-constrained conditions. The results clearly indicate that an individual's time use behaviours ought to be considered in training and control scenarios to account for differences among people.
Research development of a helium-4 based solar neutrino detector (1989)

This Progress Report covers the first six months of our May 1989 Continuation Grant. The purpose of the project is to develop and test a new detection technique for neutrinos using {sup 4}He in the superfluid state. Based upon the expected test results it should be possible to design a practical detector leading to the ultimate goal of detecting low energy solar neutrinos. During the last six months the construction phase has moved ahead substantially. Among the areas of progress discussed in the report are: the construction of the cryostat and dilution refrigerators; the gas handling systems; computer system design; tests for radioactivity of construction materials and roton pulse simulation by computer. 5 figs.
Phase Constant Measurement of Periodically Structured Surfaces-The Leaky-Wave Region (2010)

We address a practical approach to the dispersion measurement of the phase constant in the leaky-wave region of a periodically structured surface. If the structure is excited by a plane wave impinging from oblique directions, a coupling to the leaky mode supported by the structure can occur, leading to a reduction of the reflectance. Accordingly, by variation of the incident angle and the frequency of the plane wave, the leaky-wave region can be sampled. The dispersion characteristic of the phase constant of the leaky mode can therefore be extracted from the measurement of the reflection behavior at the surface. This method is applied to an example structure, where good agreement between simulation and experimental evaluation was found.
An innovative synthetic tissue-mimicking material for high-intensity focused ultrasound (2001)

A dosimetry study of the high-temperature and pressure regimes involved in high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) requires experiments on biological tissues because no synthetic tissue-mimicking phantom is available. Unfortunately, the development of coagulative lesions cannot be observed in real-time in opaque tissues. Furthermore, the natural heterogeneous structure of tissue complicates direct comparison with numerical models. In this study, a new optically transparent phantom is evaluated. It is principally composed of a polyacrylamide gel, and includes a thermally sensitive indicator protein that becomes optically diffusive when denatured. Various tests were undertaken to characterize the acoustical, thermal, and optical properties of this material for a range of protein concentrations. The attenuation coefficient can be usefully modified by adjusting the quantity of embedded proteins to permit some selection of acoustic regime. It is also possible to emphasize cavitation activity at lower BSA concentrations, or thermal effects at higher concentrations. This new phantom adequately matches tissue for most of the measured parameters and facilitates the study of the HIFU bioeffects. [Work supported by ONR Grant No. N00014-96-1-0630 and NIH Grant No. HL64208-02.]
In vitro study of the antioxidant properties of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by chemiluminescence and electron spin resonance (ESR) (2000)

The NSAIDs possess variable degrees of antioxidant activities, linked to their ability to react with HOCl, lipid peroxides or ONOO-. These antioxidant activities could offer interesting targeted side-effects in the treatment of joint inflammatory diseases.
Infrared spectroscopy at high pressure: interaction of hydrogen and deuterium with rhodium/alumina (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared spectroscopy at high pressure: interaction of hydrogen and deuterium with rhodium/aluminaJ. P. Wey, W. C. Neely, and S. D. WorleyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 22, 8881–8886Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/j100175a085Request reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (607 KB) Get e-Alerts
Al-2.31 Development (2021)

As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
Scalable and Robust Demand Response With Mixed-Integer Constraints (2013)

A demand response (DR) problem is considered entailing a set of devices/subscribers, whose operating conditions are modeled using mixed-integer constraints. Device operational periods and power consumption levels are optimized in response to dynamic pricing information to balance user satisfaction and energy cost. Renewable energy resources and energy storage systems are also incorporated. Since DR becomes more effective as the number of participants grows, scalability is ensured through a parallel distributed algorithm, in which a DR coordinator and DR subscribers solve individual subproblems, guided by certain coordination signals. As the problem scales, the recovered solution becomes near-optimal. Robustness to random variations in electricity price and renewable generation is effected through robust optimization techniques. Real-time extension is also discussed. Numerical tests validate the proposed approach.
Structure of Uric Acid Concretion Developed Around a Catheter (1997)

A uric acid concretion formed round a catheter (JJ stent) in the bladder and removed intact from the body together with the catheter was studied using an electron scanning microscope. The concretion was composed of anhydrous uric acid, some uric acid dihydrate (< 5 wt.%) and individual particles of calcium oxalate monohydrate. The stone interior was porous with frequent occurrence of differently sized cavities that were either empty or partially filled with particles of uric acid and/or calcium oxalate monohydrate. Calcium oxalate particles were not of crystalluria origin but developed in the cavity. The succession of processes leading to the stone formation was deduced from its inner structure. The stone was formed due to a crystalline growth with minor, if any, participation of sedimentation. The estimated average rate of the calculus development, 2 x 10(-9) m/s, confirms the predominant role of crystalline growth in stone formation and indicates a relatively low urinary supersaturation with respect to uric acid prevailing during the period of calculogenesis.
Estimation of Constrained Capacity and Outage Probability in Lognormal Channels (2012)

The driving force behind this work is the desire to obtain one method for estimating the ergodic capacity of lognormal (LN) channels for both Shannon capacity and constrained capacity. In recent years, researchers have determined methods for calculating the ergodic Shannon capacity for LN channels. However, in practical communication systems, the input signal is constrained to a discrete signaling set such as finite-size quadrature amplitude modulation constellations. At a high SNR, the Shannon capacity greatly overestimates the capacity of these practical systems, particularly for low-order constellations. For this reason, a method is needed to evaluate the capacity and outage probability for LN channels when the signal set is constrained to a finite alphabet. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a simple but accurate method for calculating both the ergodic Shannon capacity and the ergodic constrained capacity of practical signals for LN channels. This method also facilitates straightforward computation of outage probability and outage capacity. Prior to this work, the ergodic constrained capacity, outage probability, and outage capacity of practical signals for LN channels had not been dealt with in the literature.
The development of III-V semiconductor MOSFETs for future CMOS applications (2015)

Alternative channel materials with superior transport properties over conventional strained silicon are required for supply voltage scaling in low power complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits. Group III-V compound semiconductor systems offer a potential solution due to their high carrier mobility, low carrier effective mass and large injection velocity. The enhancement in transistor drive current at a lower overdrive voltage allows for the scaling of supply voltage while maintaining high switching performance. This thesis focuses on overcoming several material and processing challenges associated with III-V semiconductor development including a low thermal processing budget, high interface trap state density (Dit), low resistance source/drain contacts and growth on lattice mismatched substrates.