gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Individual ability-based system configuration cognitive profiling with Bayesian Networks (2008)

In this paper, we present a new method to model individual cognitive abilities, which were originally described by structural equation models and which can be used to reduce the possibility of human error when interacting with complex technical system. Our proposed model is based on hierarchical Bayesian networks and deals therefore with uncertain and noisy data. The validity of the method is demonstrated on the basis of simulations of real-life data. The inference from the Bayesian network demonstrates that estimating the user's cognitive abilities is possible in a reliable manner in real-time. Structural and data dependency analyses further show that less evidence data are necessary to provide cognitive profile classification. This especially highlights the advantage of our new method in comparison to the - in psychology - traditionally used structural equation models. Such cognitive profiling will allow adapting a system's demand character to the cognitive ability level of an individual user, which will make operating that system less error-prone, as many human errors result out of systems requesting more cognitive abilities than the operator has available.
Solution- and solid-state structural studies of (halomethyl)zinc reagents (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution- and solid-state structural studies of (halomethyl)zinc reagentsScott E. Denmark, James P. Edwards, and Scott R. WilsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 7, 2592–2602Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00033a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00033a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views751Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cryopreservation of Human Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells (2014)

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are, by definition, capable of unlimited self-renewal in vitro; nevertheless, there are limitations in the number of passages to avoid cell senescence and minimize the possibility of karyotype alterations. For this reason NSC cryopreservation seems to be fundamental to maintain NSC functionality in transplant experiments or to use NSCs in further derivation of neural lineages. Here, we describe a useful and detailed freezing method for NSCs.
Self-aligned opposite mirrors for tilting field of view driven by electrowetting (2009)

We propose an optical device which appends pan/tilt functions to cameras by moving mirrors with electrowetting force. The device is composed of two plates and a liquid pillar holding two mirrors. On the lower plate, electrodes are patterned and a hydrophobic layer is coated. When a voltage is applied to the electrode on the lower plate, the liquid is moved toward the electrode by electrowetting force. Consequently, the mirror is tilted and the light path that comes into the device is controlled. When a camera was put below our device, the field of view of the camera was shifted by 25 degrees with 50 V applied.
<title>High-speed full-field optical coherence microscopy</title> (1999)

We have developed a full field optical coherence microscopy (OCM) system operating at several frames per second. Depth ranging capability is compared between OCM and scanning confocal microscopy by imaging a test chart imbedded in 10 percent intralipid and imaging an onion. For sufficiently dense scattering, OCM was able to resolve test chart features and onion structures which were not detectable using confocal imaging alone.
Synthese von α‐Pyridonderivaten aus Trichloracrylnitril und β‐Ketocarbonsäureestern (1967)

Abstract Die durch Kondensation von Trichloracrylnitril mit β‐Ketocarbonsäureestern leicht zugänglichen β‐alkyl‐ bzw. ‐cycloalkyl‐substituierten Acrylnitrile ( 3a – e , 6 ) erfahren mit 95 proz. Schwefelsäure einen glatten Ringschluß zu α‐Pyridonen ( 5a – d , 8 ).
Domain imaging in magnetic garnets using tunneling-stabilized magnetic force microscopy (1992)

Magnetic domains in low-coercivity magnetic garnets have been imaged, ostensibly for the first time, using tunneling-stabilized magnetic force microscopy (TSMFM). In this imaging method, a triangular, Au-coated, thin-film, Ni-spring tunneling tip, as depicted in Figure 1, flexes in response to the sample's fringing magnetic field. The sample garnet is coated with a 1500 Å thick Au conductor to allow a tunneling current from the tunneling tip to flow and be used to maintain constant separation between the probe and sample. As the probe scans the sample's surface, the response of the spring to the fringing field is measured piezoelectrically and displayed, as shown in Figure 2. The Ni spring is designed to respond primarily to the vertical fringing magnetic field.
Optical materials for surface-enhanced Raman applications based on sol-gel encapsulated gold particles (1994)

A photochemical method of producing nanometer gold particles in optically transparent sol-gel silicate materials is described. Organometallic gold precursor compounds are dissolved in the sol and encapsulated in the growing silicate network. Irradiation of the doped monoliths with ultraviolet light causes the photodeposition of gold particles within the silica gel or xerogel. The particles are characterized by their electronic absorption spectra and by TEM. The transparent, porous monoliths are excellent substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Small molecules such as pyrazine diffuse into the monoliths and are detected by using SERS. The sol-gel matrix stabilizes the gold particles (in comparison to colloids in liquid media) and SERS can be used to detect molecules that penetrate the matrix.
Characterization methodology of a millimeter-wave 65nm CMOS PA dedicated to 60GHz WPAN standard (2010)

A millimeter-wave PA (Power Amplifier) based on a 65nm CMOS technology from STMicroelectronics has been designed. It is optimized to deliver the maximum OCP1 (Output Compression Point) equal to 12dBm. The targeted feature is the unlicensed band around 60GHz suitable for Wireless Personal Area Network application (WPAN). Considering that constraints, one-tone simulations are not sufficient to characterize the linearity performances of the PA in its real conditions of use. Consequently, the high frequency memory effect is firstly highlighted by performing two-tone simulations. Linearity figures of merit are discussed applying an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Devising Multiplexing) modulated signal. The PA offers an ACPR of 35dB, an EVM of 20%and compresses at 9dBm.
Norme MPEG pour la compression multirésolution de maillages tridimensionnels (2012)

Cet article introduit une nouvelle technique de compression de maillages 3D utilisant l’approximation de forme comme stratégie de prédiction. L’approche proposée, appelée Shape Approximation Compression (SAC), consiste à compresser directement les niveaux de détails définis par les créateurs de contenus, en exploitant leurs inter-correlations. La géométrie de chaque niveau est utilisée afin de calculer une approximation lisse du niveau de détails suivant. Une hiérarchie de maillages progressifs est ensuite construite à partir du maillage approché. Cela permet de prédire et de transmettre de façon efficace les erreurs d’approximation. Le codec SAC a été évalué par le groupe de travail ISO/MPEG sur le codage de maillage 3D multirésolution et a été retenu pour une normalisation future.
Non-invasive and Time-Resolved Observation of Tumors Implanted in Living Mice by Using Phase-Contrast X-ray Computed Tomography (2006)

To achieve in vivo observation of drug effect on tumors implanted in living mice, we have developed a novel method of non-invasive and time-resolved observations by using phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography (CT). For observations, we used a large-area imaging system fitted with a two-crystal X-ray interferometer and a newly developed sample manipulator. A series of images of tumors with or without antitumor drug (paclitaxel) dosage once a day for four days was successfully obtained. Image analysis clearly showed that a low-density region corresponded to necrosis near the center of both tumors spreading gradually. In addition, the density distribution of necrosis in the dosed tumor was lower than that of necrosis in the tumor without dosage. These results indicate that this imaging method has practical applications for non-invasive and time-resolved observations of drug effects on living mice.
On the Interpretation of Noise in Thick-Film Resistors (1976)

Noise in thick-film resistors is interpreted by comparison to experimental and theoretical results previously reported for noise in metals and semiconductors. This comparison provides an explanation for the observed dependence of noise on the thick-film-resistor geometry and the 100-fold increase-in noise amplitude over that of metals and semiconductors This comparison indicates that mobile-charge interactions with traps are an inherent feature of charge transport in thick-film resistors.
Quantum dot two-mode laser at 1.55 &#x03BC;m-band for 90GHz radio over fiber applications (2014)

The two-mode lasing is obtained at the telecom-band using an InAs quantum dot gain chip. The wavelengths of the two modes were 1539.73 and 1540.44 nm corresponded to the frequency separation of 89.8 GHz which generated millimeter wave signal.
A study of a microwave electromagnetic bandgap structure with waveguiding defect for potential use as a bandpass wireless interconnect (2004)

We have performed a computational and experimental study of a promising new wireless interconnect technology for high-speed digital circuits employing linear defects in electromagnetic bandgap structures. Our initial experimental results scaled to 10 GHz have verified the feasibility of achieving an approximately 80 % bandwidth with excellent stopband, gain flatness, and matching characteristics. When scaled to millimeter-wave center frequencies above 300 GHz (to leverage emerging silicon transistor technology), the wireless interconnects reported in this letter should be feasible of supporting data rates in the hundreds of gigabits per second, assuming the availability of suitable low-loss dielectrics.
Scanning and transmission electron microscopic evaluation of human melanoma cells treated with adriamycin and actinomycin D. (1983)

A tumorigenic human cell line was derived from a patient with metastatic melanoma. Cells were treated with adriamycin or actinomycin D in order to assess morphological alterations induced by these anticancer agents. Exposure to 0.01 micrograms/ml adriamycin for one hour caused no observable morphological abnormalities as determined by SEM, while 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 micrograms/ml concentrations of adriamycin produced surface alterations in the form of blebs, filopodia, microvilli and cell rounding. These alterations may be drug-affected changes of the cell surface or may reflect phases of the cell cycle directed by adriamycin action on the nucleus. Cell morphology appeared normal by SEM for 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 micrograms/ml concentrations of adriamycin when the cells were allowed to recover in drug-free media for 24 hours after initial drug incubation. Concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 micrograms/ml actinomycin D for 24 hours created morphological alterations characterized by cell rounding and long, dendritic-like processes. TEM of colonies treated in soft agar for 24 hours with either 1.0 micrograms/ml adriamycin or 1.0 micrograms/ml actinomycin D showed major morphological effects identified by increased cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear disintegration.
A Systems-Level Approach for Investigating Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation (2013)

Prevention of the initiation of biofilm formation is the most important step for combating biofilm-associated pathogens, as the ability of pathogens to resist antibiotics is enhanced 10 to 1000 times once biofilms are formed. Genes essential to bacterial growth in the planktonic state are potential targets to treat biofilm-associated pathogens. However, the biofilm formation capability of strains with mutations in these essential genes must be evaluated, since the pathogen might form a biofilm before it is eliminated. In order to address this issue, this work proposes a systems-level approach to quantifying the biofilm formation capability of mutants to determine target genes that are essential for bacterial metabolism in the planktonic state but do not induce biofilm formation in their mutants. The changes of fluxes through the reactions associated with the genes positively related to biofilm formation are used as soft sensors in the flux balance analysis to quantify the trend of biofilm formation upon the mutation of an essential gene. The essential genes whose mutants are predicted not to induce biofilm formation are regarded as gene targets. The proposed approach was applied to identify target genes to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. It is interesting to find that most essential gene mutants exhibit high potential to induce the biofilm formation while most non-essential gene mutants do not. Critically, we identified four essential genes, lysC, cysH, adk, and galU, that constitute gene targets to treat P. aeruginosa. They have been suggested by existing experimental data as potential drug targets for their crucial role in the survival or virulence of P. aeruginosa. It is also interesting to find that P. aeruginosa tends to survive the essential-gene mutation treatment by mainly enhancing fluxes through 8 metabolic reactions that regulate acetate metabolism, arginine metabolism, and glutamate metabolism.
Role of fibrin in the development of surgical adhesions. (2005)

One of the major problems with intra-abdominal surgical procedures, including pelvic surgery, is the development of adhesions within the intra-abdominal space postoperatively. This is usually not a clinical issue unless another intra-abdominal surgical procedure is to be performed at a later date or pain from the adhesions or a bowel obstruction develops. These intra-abdominal adhesions are the bane of every surgeon’s existence because they make a subsequent surgical procedure much more difficult, more labor intensive, and more prone to an intra-abdominal injury. Just imagine if all intra-abdominal surgical procedures could be made adhesion free!

Adhesions are fibrotic connections between two tissue planes—in the case of intra-abdominal adhesions, between two organs or an organ and the abdominal wall. The mechanisms by which fibrosis develops are beginning to be deciphered at the biochemical level. Most evidence points to the involvement of the fibrinolytic system in this process, and converging data from a variety of disciplines seem to suggest that a defective fibrinolytic system is intimately involved in or is actually responsible for the development of tissue fibrosis, including intra-abdominal adhesions. Surgery per se can lead to a local inflammatory response, which in turn may lead to the local deposition of fibrin. Fibrin happens to be an extremely pro-fibrotic compound, and its continued presence (or a failure to remove the fibrin) seems to induce fibrosis.1,2 Therefore, it may be hypothesized that the development of surgical adhesions or tissue fibrosis in general may be due to the failure of the fibrinolytic system to degrade the fibrin.
On-chip light sheet illumination enables diagnostic size and concentration measurements of membrane vesicles in biofluids (2013)

Cell-derived membrane vesicles that are released in biofluids, like blood or saliva, are emerging as potential non-invasive biomarkers for diseases, such as cancer. Techniques capable of measuring the size and concentration of membrane vesicles directly in biofluids are urgently needed. Fluorescence single particle tracking microscopy has the potential of doing exactly that by labelling the membrane vesicles with a fluorescent label and analysing their Brownian motion in the biofluid. However, an unbound dye in the biofluid can cause high background intensity that strongly biases the fluorescence single particle tracking size and concentration measurements. While such background intensity can be avoided with light sheet illumination, current set-ups require specialty sample holders that are not compatible with high-throughput diagnostics. Here, a microfluidic chip with integrated light sheet illumination is reported, and accurate fluorescence single particle tracking size and concentration measurements of membrane vesicles in cell culture medium and in interstitial fluid collected from primary human breast tumours are demonstrated.
A topographically and conformationally constrained, spin‐labeled, α‐amino acid: crystallographic characterization in peptides* (2005)

2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid (TOAC) is a topographically and conformationally restricted, nitroxide containing, C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acid. Here, we describe the molecular and crystal structures, as determined by X-ray diffraction analyses, of a TOAC terminally protected derivative, the cyclic dipeptide c(TOAC)(2).1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol (HFIP) solvate, and five TOAC-containing, terminally protected, linear peptides ranging in length from tetra- to hepta-peptides. Incipient and fully developed, regular or distorted 3(10)-helical structures are formed by the linear peptides. A detailed discussion on the average geometry and preferred conformation for the TOAC piperidine ring is also reported. The X-ray diffraction structure of an intramolecularly cyclized side product resulting from a C-activated TOAC residue has also been determined.
Ruthenium Phosphide Synthesis and Electroactivity toward Oxygen Reduction in Acid Solutions (2015)

Ruthenium phosphides are known to be highly stable and conductive materials. A new process was developed to prepare ruthenium phosphide catalysts for oxygen reduction in acid solutions. Several synthesis methods have been applied to form pure RuP and Ru2P as well as mixed phases of Ru and RuxP (x ≥ 1). These methods utilize high-temperature solid-state synthesis and reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET). On the basis of rotating ring–disk electrode (RRDE) experiments, oxygen reduction activity was observed on all RuxP materials. Characteristic kinetic parameters show specific exchange current densities in the range of 0.4–1.4 mA mg–1, Tafel slopes of 129–135 mV dec–1, and %H2O2 of 3–11% of the total current. Complementary XPS and Raman spectral analysis reveals a highly oxidized surface with significant presence of PO43– and RuO2 species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report identifying oxygen reduction activity on RuxP.
Non-Repeatable Experiments and Non-Reproducible Results: The Reproducibility Crisis in Human Evaluation in NLP (2023)

Human evaluation is widely regarded as the litmus test of quality in NLP. A basic requirementof all evaluations, but in particular where they are used for meta-evaluation, is that they should support the same conclusions if repeated. However, the reproducibility of human evaluations is virtually never queried, let alone formally tested, in NLP which means that their repeatability and the reproducibility of their results is currently an open question. This focused contribution reports our review of human evaluation experiments reported in NLP papers over the past five years which we assessed in terms oftheir ability to be rerun. Overall, we estimatethat just 5% of human evaluations are repeatable in the sense that (i) there are no prohibitivebarriers to repetition, and (ii) sufficient information about experimental design is publicly available for rerunning them. Our estimate goesup to about 20% when author help is sought.We complement this investigation with a survey of results concerning the reproducibilityof human evaluations where those are repeatable in the first place. Here we find worryinglylow degrees of reproducibility, both in terms ofsimilarity of scores and of findings supportedby them. We summarise what insights can begleaned so far regarding how to make humanevaluations in NLP more repeatable and morereproducible.
Abstract 317: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Alters the Localization of the Prolyl Hydroxylase Ogfod1 in Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes (2020)

Prolyl hydroxylation is a post-translational modification that is known to regulate several key cell functions including translation and protein stability. Enzymes that catalyze prolyl hydroxylation belong to the 2-oxoglutarate- and iron-dependent oxygenase (2OGDO) family. A newly-identified member of the 2OGDO enzyme family, 2-oxoglutarate- and iron-dependent oxygenase domain-containing protein 1 (Ogfod1), catalyzes prolyl hydroxylation of ribosomal protein s23 (Rps23), a component of the 40S ribosome. To establish an in vivo role for Ogfod1, we ablated Ogfod1 in mice and subjected isolated perfused hearts to ischemia and reperfusion and found Ogfod1 ablation to be cardioprotective. The mechanisms by which these changes occur are currently unknown, so we investigated Ogfod1 regulation and mechanisms of cardioprotection. Previous work has shown that Ogfod1-mediated Rps23 prolyl hydroxylation occurs in the nucleus, where ribosomes are assembled. Additionally, Ogfod1 localizes to cytoplasmic stress granules in transformed cells exposed to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Based on these studies, we tested the hypothesis that Ogfod1 localization, and subsequently its function, change in response to stress. We induced ER stress by treating isolated adult cardiomyocytes with thapsigargin, and monitored Ogfod1 localization using immunofluorescence. Thapsigargin inhibits sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA) which activates the unfolded protein response. In the absence of thapsigargin, Ogfod1 localized to the nucleus, peri-nuclear space, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. After stress induction, Ogfod1 nuclear- and perinuclear-localization decreased. This suggests that in murine adult cardiomyocytes subjected to ER stress, Ogfod1 is exported from the nucleus, potentially as a mechanism for down-regulating its activity. As Ogfod1 ablation has been found to be cardioprotective in mice, understanding Ogfod1 localization and regulation in the cardiomyocyte stress response may provide mechanistic insight that will be useful in developing treatments for stressors such as heart failure.
Catalytic Activity of Proton Exchanged Y-Zeolite for the Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol (1973)

ベンジルアルコールの気相酸化反応において,水素処理によってHY(プロトン置換Y型ゼオライト)の酸化活性点の劇毒を行なうとともに,HY触媒の固体酸特性を利用してゼオライトの酸化活性と固体油点との関連について検討した。500℃で15時間の水素処理によってH:Yの酸化七転(ペンズアルデヒド収率+安息香酸収率)は約ユ 3の減少を示した。また,NaYのH イオン交換率を変化させた場合,すべての反応生成物(ベンズアルデヒド,安息香酸ベンジルエーテル,トルエン)の収率は交換率40～60%の範囲で急激に増加した。さらにピリジソの添加により各反応生成物の収率はすべて急激に減少した。また,水の添加によりベンジルエーテル収率は増加したが,酸化活性は減少した。また,H:Yの焼成温度を変化させた結果,ベンジルエーテル収率は450。C以上の焼成温度で急激に減少したのに対し,ベンズアルデヒド収率は500～550 Cの焼成温度範囲で急激に増加し,600の焼成温度では2。12%となり350 Cのときの2倍以上となった