gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
285: The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Prostate Cancer Outcomes in a Large Series of African-American Patients (2007)

Reliably depicting cancer in the prostate gland using existing imaging modalities remains a c_hallenge that limits the ability to guide biopsies and treatment and to momtor disease. However, advances in ultrasound (US) and magnetic-resonance (MR) spectrum analysis promise to improve prostate-cancer imaging. We aim to further enhance prostate-cancer imaging by combining the independent features of US and MR spectra. . . . . METHODS: We acquired US echo signals from b1ops1ed reg1ons 1n the prostates of 64 patients, and computed US spectra (USS) site . matched to the biopsied tissue. We used two USS parameters along w1th prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to train an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier with biopsy-core histology as the gold standard. We created a lookup table for translating USS-parameter and PSA values into cancer-likelihood scores on a pixel-by-pixel basis in tissue-type images (TTis). Other investigators have shown that the ratio of choline to citrate in MR spectroscopy (MRS) can be used to identify cancerous prostate tissue. To determine the feasibility of combining USS and MRS parameters, we co-registered 3-D volume renderings of US and MR images of a prostate phantom, and then did the same for patient images with the inclusion of prostatectomy histology. We used the urethra and gland boundaries as fiduciary markers for registration. We compensated for the different distortions introduced by US probes, MR coils, and histologic tissue preparation, by warping the original images.
Higher Radiation Dose to the Immune Cells Correlates with Worse Tumor Control and Overall Survival in Patients with Stage III NSCLC: A Secondary Analysis of RTOG0617 (2021)

<b>Background</b>: We hypothesized that the Effective radiation Dose to the Immune Cells (EDIC) in circulating blood is a significant factor for the treatment outcome in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). <b>Methods</b>: This is a secondary study of a phase III trial, NRG/RTOG 0617, in patients with stage III NSCLC treated with radiation-based treatment. The EDIC was computed as equivalent uniform dose to the entire blood based on radiation doses to all blood-containing organs, with consideration of blood flow and fractionation effect. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and local progression-free survival (LPFS). The EDIC-survival relationship was analyzed with consideration of clinical significant factors. <b>Results</b>: A total of 456 patients were eligible. The median EDIC values were 5.6 Gy (range, 2.1-12.2 Gy) and 6.3 Gy (2.1-11.6 Gy) for the low- and high-dose groups, respectively. The EDIC was significantly associated with OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.12, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and LPFS (HR = 1.09, <i>p</i> = 0.02) but PFS (HR = 1.05, <i>p</i> = 0.17) after adjustment for tumor dose, gross tumor volume and other factors. OS decreased with an increasing EDIC in a non-linear pattern: the two-year OS decreased first with a slope of 8%/Gy when the EDIC < 6 Gy, remained relatively unchanged when the EDIC was 6-8 Gy, and followed by a further reduction with a slope of 12%/Gy when the EDIC > 8 Gy. <b>Conclusions</b>: The EDIC is a significant independent risk factor for poor OS and LPFS in RTOG 0617 patients with stage III NSCLC, suggesting that radiation dose to circulating immune cells is critical for tumor control. Organ at risk for the immune system should be considered during RT plan.
Lumen segmentation of atherosclerotic carotid arteries in CTA (2012)

Lumen segmentation is relevant for quantification of the degree of stenoses and as preprocessing step for the analysis of the vessel wall, and for the simulation and planing of interventions. Although lumen segmentation in CTA has received considerable interest, it remains a challenge for atherosclerotic vessels. In this paper we propose a semi-automatic lumen segmentation method using a levelset approach, which utilizes both boundary information and regional intensity information to accurately segment the lumen of atherosclerotic vessels. The method was trained and evaluated on a publicly available database of 56 carotid arteries. The average Dice similarity coefficient was 88.9 %, the mean absolute surface distance was 0.31 mm. Compared to using only boundary information, this method yields better segmentation in severely atheroslerotic vessels.
A visualization platfom for disk failure analysis (2018)

It has become a norm rather than an exception to observe multiple disks malfunctioning or whole disk failures in places like big data centers where thousands of drives operate simultaneously. Data that resides on these devices is typically protected by replication or erasure coding for long-term durable storage. However, to be able to optimize data protection methods, real life disk failure trends need to be modeled. Modelling helps us build insights while in the design phase and properly optimize protection methods for a given application. In this study, we developed a visualization platform in light of disk failure data provided by BackBlaze, and extracted useful statistical information such as failure rate and model-based time to failure distributions. Finally, simple modeling is performed for disk failure predictions to alarm and take necessary system-wide precautions.
Modeling and synchronizing chaotic systems from time-series data (1994)

The problem of obtaining ordinary differential equations (ODE's) from chaotic time-series data is addressed. The vector fields for the ODE's are polynomials constructed from a basis set that is orthonormal on the data. The method for constructing the model is similar to the integration of ODE's using Adams predictor-corrector integration. The method is compared to the usual Euler model and is shown to be accurate for much larger sampling intervals. In addition, the method used to construct the model is capable of determining the optimal polynomial vector field for the given data. Finally, we demonstrate that it is possible to synchronize (in the sense of Fujisaka and Yamada [Prog. Theor. Phys. 69, 32 (1983)] as well as Pecora and Carroll [Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 821 (1990); Phys. Rev. A 44, 2374 (1991)]) the model to a time series. Synchronization is used as a nontrivial test to determine how close the model vector field is to the true vector field. Implications and possible applications of synchronization are discussed.
Induction of Anthocyanin Accumulation by Cytokinins in Arabidopsis thaliana (1995)

Arabidopsis thaliana plants treated with exogenous cytokinins accumulate anthocyanin pigments. We have characterized this response because it is potentially useful as a genetic marker for cytokinin responsiveness. Levels of mRNAs for four genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) were shown to increase coordinately in response to benzyladenine (BA). However, nuclear run-on transcription experiments suggested that although CHS and DFR are controlled by BA at the transcriptional level, PAL1 and CHI are controlled by BA posttranscriptionally. CHS mRNA levels increased within 2 h of BA spray application, and peaked by 3 h. Levels of PAL1 mRNA did not increase within 6 h of BA spray. We also showed that PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFR mRNA levels fluctuate during a 24-h period and appear to be controlled by a circadian clock. The relation between cytokinin regulation and light regulation of CHS gene transcription is discussed.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Aging of Preleukemic Thymocytes Drives CpG Island Hypermethylation in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 7&lt;/p&gt;
GaN laser diodes for high-power optical integration and quantum technologies (2018)

GaN laser diodes have the potential to be a key enabling technology since the AlGaInN material system allows for laser diodes to be fabricated over a wide range of wavelengths from the u.v. to the visible. Novel applications include high power laser bars for optical pumping, to laser sources for quantum technologies based on atom interferometry, such as next generation optical clocks and gravity sensors. We report our latest results on a range of AlGaInN diode-lasers targeted to meet the linewidth, wavelength and power requirements suitable for optical clocks and atom interferometry systems. This includes the [5s<sup>2</sup>S<sub>1/2</sub>-5p<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>] cooling transition in strontium+ ion optical clocks at 422 nm, the [5s<sub>2</sub> <sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub>-5p<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub>] cooling transition in neutral strontium clocks at 461 nm and the [5s<sup>2</sup>s<sub>1/2</sub> – 6p<sup>2</sup>P<sub>3/2</sub>] transition in rubidium at 420 nm. In addition, we report our latest results on tapered high power GaN laser diodes, for i) optical amplifiers, and ii) optimising the optical power of the device by reducing filamentation and hence avoiding catastrophic optical mirror damage (COMD).
Prevalence of autoimmune diseases in thymic epithelial tumors (TET) insights from RYTHMIC. (2020)

9073 Background: TET are associated with autoimmune disorders (AID) in up to 30% of patients (pts). However, there have been wide variations in the reported prevalence of AID in TET pts in small single-center series. RYTHMIC (Réseau tumeurs THYMiques et Cancer) is a French network mandated to systematically discuss every case of TET. We aimed to describe the prevalence of AID in a large French population. Methods: RYTHMIC database, hosted by IFCT (Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique), prospectively includes all consecutive pts with a diagnosis of TET discussed in French national or regional tumor boards. We analyzed epidemiologic, clinical and pathological characteristics of pts with TET’s related AID. Results: From January 2012 to December 2019, 2909 pts were included in the database. The mean age at diagnosis of TET was 54 and 52% were male. In the overall population, Masaoka Koga stages were well balanced with 12.6% (n = 187) stage I, 8.8% (n = 131) stage IIa, 8.4% (n = 124) stage IIb, 11.1% (n = 164) stage III and 8.5% (n = 125) stage IV. There were 364 (12.5%) events of AID in 302 pts. 62 pts (17%) had more than 1 AID. Among the events, 236 were myasthenia gravis (MG) (64.8%), 19 Hypo-gammaglobulinemia syndrome (5.2%), 15 pure red cell aplasia (4.1%), 18 thyroiditis (4.9%) and 16 systemic erythematous lupus (4.4%). Diagnosis of AID was mostly done at tumor diagnosis (n = 239, 65.7%) but some patient had AID diagnosed before diagnosis (n = 67, 18.4%) or during follow up (n = 32, 8.8%). Among pts presenting AID, B2 was the most common subtype (n = 133, 36.5%). The incidence of AID per subtype was as follow: A (n = 10/81, 12.3%), AB (n = 48/225, 21.3%), B1 (n = 35/130, 26.9%), B2 (n = 133/295, 45.0%), B3 (n = 46/113, 40.7%), thymic carcinoma (n = 16/275, 5.8%). Conclusions: The prevalence of AID in pts with TET was 12.5%, &gt; 40% in B2 and B3 subtypes. Diagnosis of AID can be delayed compared to the diagnosis of TET. Immunotherapy indication should be carefully assessed in pts with TET other than thymic carcinoma.
Long-range supercurrents through a chiral non-collinear antiferromagnet in lateral Josephson junctions (2021)

The proximity-coupling of a chiral non-collinear antiferromagnet (AFM)<sup>1-5</sup> with a singlet superconductor allows spin-unpolarized singlet Cooper pairs to be converted into spin-polarized triplet pairs<sup>6-8</sup>, thereby enabling non-dissipative, long-range spin correlations<sup>9-14</sup>. The mechanism of this conversion derives from fictitious magnetic fields that are created by a non-zero Berry phase<sup>15</sup> in AFMs with non-collinear atomic-scale spin arrangements<sup>1-5</sup>. Here we report long-ranged lateral Josephson supercurrents through an epitaxial thin film of the triangular chiral AFM Mn<sub>3</sub>Ge (refs. <sup>3-5</sup>). The Josephson supercurrents in this chiral AFM decay by approximately one to two orders of magnitude slower than would be expected for singlet pair correlations<sup>9-14</sup> and their response to an external magnetic field reflects a clear spatial quantum interference. Given the long-range supercurrents present in both single- and mixed-phase Mn<sub>3</sub>Ge, but absent in a collinear AFM IrMn<sup>16</sup>, our results pave a way for the topological generation of spin-polarized triplet pairs<sup>6-8</sup> via Berry phase engineering<sup>15</sup> of the chiral AFMs.
TrackDLO: Tracking Deformable Linear Objects Under Occlusion With Motion Coherence (2023)

The TrackDLO algorithm estimates the shape of a Deformable Linear Object (DLO) under occlusion from a sequence of RGB-D images. TrackDLO is vision-only and runs in real-time. It requires no external state information from physics modeling, simulation, visual markers, or contact as input. The algorithm improves on previous approaches by addressing three common scenarios which cause tracking failure: tip occlusion, mid-section occlusion, and self-occlusion. This is achieved through the application of Motion Coherence Theory to impute the spatial velocity of occluded nodes, the use of the topological geodesic distance to track self-occluding DLOs, and the introduction of a non-Gaussian kernel that only penalizes lower-order spatial displacement derivatives to reflect DLO physics. Improved real-time DLO tracking under mid-section occlusion, tip occlusion,and self-occlusion is demonstrated experimentally. The source code and demonstration data are publicly released.
Cyclooxygenase-1–Deficient Mice Have High Sleep-to-Wake Blood Pressure Ratios and Renal Vasoconstriction (2005)

We used cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)-deficient mice to test the hypothesis that COX-1 regulates blood pressure (BP) and renal hemodynamics. The awake time (AT) mean arterial pressures (MAPs) measured by telemetry were not different between COX-1(+/+) and COX-1(-/-) (131+/-2 versus 126+/-3 mm Hg; NS). However, COX-1(-/-) had higher sleep time (ST) MAP (93+/-1 versus 97+/-2 mm Hg; P<0.05) and sleep-to-awake BP ratio (+8.6%; P<0.05). Under anesthesia with moderate sodium loading, COX-1(-/-) had higher MAP (109+/-5 versus 124+/-4 mm Hg; P<0.05), renal vascular resistance (23.5+/-1.6 versus 30.7+/-1.7 mm Hg . mL(-1) . min(-1) . g(-1); P<0.05) and filtration fraction (33.7+/-2.1 versus 40.2+/-2.0%; P<0.05). COX-1(-/-) had a 89% reduction (P<0.0001) in the excretion of TxB2, a 76% reduction (P<0.01) in PGE2, a 40% reduction (P<0.0002) in 6-ketoPGF1alpha (6keto), a 27% reduction (P<0.02) in 11-betaPGF2alpha (11beta), a 35% reduction (P<0.01) in nitrate plus nitrite (NOx), and a 52% increase in metanephrine (P<0.02). The excretion of normetanephrine, a marker for sympathetic nervous activity, was reduced during ST in COX-1(+/+) (6.9+/-0.9 versus 3.2+/-0.6 g . g(-1) creatinine . 10(-3); P<0.01). This was blunted in COX-1(-/-) (5.1+/-0.9 versus 4.9+/-0.7 g . g(-1) creatinine . 10(-3); NS). Urine collection during ST showed lower excretion of 6keto, 11beta, NOx, aldosterone, sodium, and potassium than during AT in both COX-1(+/+) and COX-1(-/-), and there were positive correlations among these parameters (6keto versus NOx; P<0.005; 11beta versus NOx; P<0.005; and NOx versus sodium; P<0.005). In conclusion, COX-1 mediates a suppressed sympathetic nervous activity and enhanced NO, which may contribute to renal vasodilatation and a reduced MAP while asleep or under anesthesia. COX-1 contributes to the normal nocturnal BP dipping phenomenon.
Component-resolved allergy diagnostics identify phenotypes in problematic severe childhood asthma (2011)

Aim To analyse clinical phenotypes of problematic severe childhood asthma in relation to component-resolved allergy diagnostics. Methods This cross-sectional study included 56 children with problematic severe asthma, insufficiently controlled despite 800μg daily inhaled corticosteroids (budesonide or equivalents). IgE antibodies against 131 individual allergen components from inhalant and food sources were analysed using immunosolid-phase allergen chips. Airway inflammation (FeNO), lung function (FEV 1 ) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (methacholine challenge) were assessed in all subjects, and Health-Related-Quality-of-Life (HR-QoL) questionnaires and asthma control tests were completed. Results IgE antibodies were detected in 80% (n=45) of children tested. Airway inflammation was greater in these children (FeNO, mean 31 ppb vs 16 ppb, p=0.039) and lung function was reduced (FEV1%, mean 79 vs 92, p=0.05) compared to children without detectable IgE (n=11, 20%). However, HR-QoL and asthma control test scores, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, did not differ between these groups. Children (36%, n=20) with specific IgE to &gt;3 (median value) mould/indoor components were more sensitized to specific food components (mean 5.9 vs 2.2, p=0.026) compared to 45% (n=25) of children with specific IgE to fewer mould/indoor components. Also, children with IgE to &gt;3 mould/indoor components showed increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness (methacholine, dose-response slope, 101% vs 31%, p=0.027) and lower HR-QoL scores (5.1 versus 5.7, p=0.011). Conclusions Polysensitization to indoor and mould allergens based on component-resolved diagnostics identifies a more severe subgroup of childhood asthma.
Development of a Model Membrane System Using Stratum Corneum Lipids for Estimation of Drug Skin Permeability. (1993)

Several model membrane systems have been reported to predict the skin permeability of drugs, but model membranes using stratum corneum (SC) lipids have never been reported. Thus, we developed a model membrane system for drug permeation study by fixing liposomes composed of SC lipids (ceramides, palmitic acid, cholesterol, and cholesterol-3-sulfate) onto a supporting filter, Biodyne B. The permeability of several drugs with different lipophilicities was investigated. Permeability increased with drug lipophilicity, estimated from the octanol/buffer solubility ratio of the drug. For relatively polar drugs, however, the permeability was almost constant, and very close to the value of a K+ ion, suggesting the membrane has both lipidic and aqueous pathways. Drug permeability through our system was compared with that through guinea pig skin. A good correlation (r = 0.880) was observed, although the former was one order of magnitude greater than the latter. Our model system will be useful not only for practical application, but also for basic studies, such as the elucidation of the relationships between SC lipid composition and drug permeability.
Welding. Development of the Transient Liquid-Phase (TLP) Diffusion Bonding Process for Duplex Stainless Steel Tubes. (2001)

The transition liquid-phase (TLP) diffusion bonding process was recently tailored to join the tubes of duplex stainless steel, Fe-25Cr-6.5Ni-3Mo-2W-0.5Cu-0.3N, with a Ni brazing filler, Ni-7Cr-3Fe-4.5Si-3B. The butts cramped by a hydraulic system are heated up locally with an induction coil in Ar shield gas. While the bonding at the holding temperatures lower than 1250°C introduces a large amount of boron nitrides at the interface which degrade extremely the tensile strength of the joint, the higher temperature bonding eliminates them from the joint, whose strength is about 850MPa close to 1000MPa for the base metal. The coarser recrystalized grains in the stronger joint scatter the ultrasonic wave so significantly that the joint efficiency is judged non-destructively with the ultrasonic transmission test. The precipitates Fe-Cr-Mo in HAZ reduce substantially the impact value of the joint, which recovers to the original level after the post-heat treatment at 1100°C to dissolve them. Another precipitates Cr7C3 in HAZ don't impair the localized corrosion and the stress corrosion cracking resistance. The developed TLP process is a promising technology for joining the duplex stainless steel tubes at the site of oil fields.
Locomotion configuration of a robust rappelling robot (2002)

Robotic rappelling is an intriguing concept for exploration of planetary craters and their Earth analogs, volcanoes. Integrating a tensioned tether to a framewalking robot enables a new statically-stable locomotive capability appropriate for rappelling on steep and rugged terrains. Rappelling with a tether-assisted framewalker also allows efficient execution of multi-level control. These ideas are manifested in the locomotion configuration of Dante II. The appropriateness of the Dante II configuration for rappelling was evaluated during a variety of tests and its 1994 exploration of the active volcano of Mount Spurr in Alaska.
Selective Peptide-Mediated Enhanced Deposition of Polymer Fragrance Delivery Systems on Human Hair (2017)

The deposition of fragrance delivery systems onto human hair from a shampoo formulation is a challenging task, as the primary function of shampoo is to cleanse the hair by removing primarily hydrophobic moieties. In this work, to tackle this challenge, phage-display-identified peptides that can bind to human hair under shampooing conditions are first identified and subsequently used to enhance the deposition of model fragrance delivery systems. These delivery systems are based on either poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA) copolymers as a representative for polymeric profragrances or polyurethane/polyurea-type core-shell microcapsules as a model physical fragrance carrier. The incorporation of a hair-binding peptide enhanced the deposition of PHPMA copolymers by a factor of 3.5-5.0 depending on the extent of peptide incorporation, whereas 10 wt % surface functionalization of microcapsules with the peptide led to a 20-fold increase in their deposition. In a final experiment, treatment of the hair samples under realistic application conditions with the peptide-functionalized microcapsules resulted in an increase in fragrance release from the hair surfaces.
DFIG-Based Power Plant: System Description and Performance (2019)

This paper describes the components and demonstrates the performance of a conceptual DFIG-based power plant. The DFIG-based generator is fed by an AC-AC converter system in MMMC topology. This concept enables to operate the gas turbine at maximum output power without additional stress on turbine under low system frequency situation. The converter system with high dynamic control capability provides several enhancements such as post-fault fast voltage recovery, oscillations reduction as well as prolonged angle stability. The paper demonstrates the fault right through capability of the conceptual power plant in comparison to a similar rating synchronous generator as well.