gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biocatalytic synthesis of novel electronic and photovoltaic materials Paper based on a presentation at the 24th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products and the 4th International Congress on Biodiversity, held jointly in Delhi, India, 26–31 January 2004. Other presentations are published in this issue, pp. 1–344. (2018)

A new class of ruthenium complex-based macrodye and a dinuclear complex were synthesized via a biocatalytic route employing hematin as an efficient biocatalyst. The photovoltaic overall efficiency of the dinuclear complex was found to be 2.1 % and higher than the polymeric complex (0.33 %). Furthermore, we have developed an environmentally benign methodology for the synthesis of novel pegylated polyphenolics. The reaction conditions used do not require any organic solvents, and all the reactions were performed in aqueous media. The synthesized polymers were soluble in both organic and aqueous media, and provide further opportunity to tailor the properties. Finally, a novel biomimetic method for the synthesis of a conducting molecular complex of polypyrrole and of thiophene substitute in the presence of a polyelectrolyte, such as polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), is presented. A synthetic enzyme based on hematin was used to catalyze the polymerization of pyrrole (PYR) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) in the presence of SPS. Copolymers of EDOT and PYR have also been synthesized, and these novel materials have been shown to exhibit high electrical conductivity.
Optical-absorption edge and disorder effects in hydrogenated amorphous diamondlike carbon films (1989)

Optical absorption (\ensuremath{\sim}1--5 eV) in rf-deposited hydrogenated (20--40 at. %) amorphous ``diamondlike'' carbon films has been studied as a function of heat treatment. For E\ensuremath{\gtrsim}2.5 eV a Tauc behavior is exhibited. Optical band gaps ${E}_{g}$ are \ensuremath{\lesssim}2.4 eV. At lower energies, band tailing with an Urbach focus is found. ${E}_{0}$, the width of the tail, is quantitatively explained in terms of the annealing temperature ${T}_{H}$. Increasing ${T}_{H}$ (&lt;700 K) reduces the hydrogen content, lowers ${E}_{g}$, and appears to harden the films. ${E}_{g}$ is determined to be a linear function of ${E}_{0}$. Additional analysis was performed in terms of a divergence temperature, ${T}_{0}$; the results of this analysis are comparable to those observed in a-Si:H.
Applicazioni di monitoraggio ambientale con gestione web-based (2011)

Il presente lavoro di tesi descrive il progetto di ricerca sul tema del monitoraggio ambientale sviluppato presso il Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione nel corso dell'anno accademico 2010/2011. Tale progetto comprende: l'analisi dell'architettura di monitoraggio PinEnergy installata nei Dipartimenti DEI e DIE; la descrizione del sistema finalizzato ad ottenere il controllo del consumo di gas dell'edificio DEI/A; una presentazione del sistema di monitoraggio meteorologico Meteo DEI
A modular data link layer for underwater networks (2008)

A re-usable software architecture suitable for underwater acoustic networking research has been designed and an initial version developed and demonstrated. The core of the software is a modular data link-layer that includes medium access control (MAC) and methods for discovery, plus an interface to hardware-specific device drivers that connect to specific acoustic modems. The goal is to provide this common framework to the community as open-source, so that it can be used to speed up development and testing of new ad-hoc networks. The architecture can be described in several interfaces and adapters. Three interfaces represent portions of the data link layer (DLL) , logical link control (LLC), and MAC plus physical-layer control. The adapters include one for the operating system, a link protocol interface, and a protocol adapter. All of these interfaces and adapters are described, along with a reference implementation that includes the WHOI Micro-Modem.
A nanoliposome delivery system to synergistically trigger TLR4 AND TLR7 (2014)

We now have a manufacturable, synergistic TLR4/TLR7 adjuvant that is made with excipients and agonists that are pharmaceutically acceptable and will have a straightforward path into human clinical trials.
GM-CSF secreting leukemia cell vaccination for MDS/AML after allogeneic HSCT: a randomized, double-blinded, phase 2 trial (2021)

Vaccination using irradiated, adenovirus transduced autologous myeloblasts to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GVAX) early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can induce potent immune responses. We conducted a randomized phase 2 trial of GVAX after HSCT for myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts or relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Myeloblasts were harvested before HSCT to generate the vaccine. Randomization to GVAX vs placebo (1:1) was stratified according to disease, transplant center, and conditioning. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included tacrolimus and methotrexate. GVAX or placebo vaccination was started between day 30 and 45 if there was engraftment and no GVHD. Vaccines were administered subcutaneously/intradermally weekly × 3, then every 2 weeks × 3. Tacrolimus taper began after vaccine completion. A total of 123 patients were enrolled, 92 proceeded to HSCT, and 57 (GVAX, n = 30; placebo, n = 27) received at least 1 vaccination. No Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3 or worse vaccine-related adverse events were reported, but injection site reactions were more common after GVAX (10 vs 1; P = .006). With a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 9-89 months), 18-month progression-free survival, overall survival, and relapse incidence were 53% vs 55% (P = .79), 63% vs 59% (P = .86), and 30% vs 37% (P = .51) for GVAX and placebo, respectively. Nonrelapse mortality at 18 months was 17% vs 7.7% (P = .18), grade II to IV acute GVHD at 12 months was 34% vs 12% (P = .13), and chronic GVHD at 3 years was 49% vs 57% for GVAX and placebo (P = .26). Reconstitution of T, B, and natural killer cells was not decreased or enhanced by GVAX. There were no differences in serum major histocompatibility chain-related protein A/B or other immune biomarkers between GVAX and placebo. GVAX does not improve survival after HSCT for myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01773395.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐3‐Substituted Imidazoquinazolinones: Potent and Selective PDE5 Inhibitors as Potential Agents for Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The energy scaling advantages of RRAM crossbars (2015)

As transistors start to approach fundamental limits and Moore's law slows down, new devices and architectures are needed to enable continued performance gains. New approaches based on RRAM (resistive random access memory) or memristor crossbars can enable the processing of large amounts of data. One of the most promising applications for RRAM crossbars is brain inspired or neuromorphic computing.
Imaging-AMARETTO: An Imaging Genomics Software Tool to Interrogate Multiomics Networks for Relevance to Radiography and Histopathology Imaging Biomarkers of Clinical Outcomes (2020)

Our network-based imaging genomics tools serve as hypothesis generators that facilitate the interrogation of known and uncovering of novel hypotheses for follow-up with experimental validation studies. We anticipate that our Imaging-AMARETTO imaging genomics tools will be useful to the community of biomedical researchers for applications to similar studies of cancer and other complex diseases with available multiomics, imaging, and clinical data.
Method for characterization of Si waveguide propagation loss (2013)

A new method for measuring waveguide propagation loss in silicon nanowires is presented. This method, based on the interplay between traveling ring modes and standing wave modes due to back-scattering from edge roughness, is accurate and can be used for on wafer measurement of test structures. Examples of loss measurements and fitting are reported.
Heterogeneous Contributing Factors in MPM Disease Development and Progression: Biological Advances and Clinical Implications (2018)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tumors are remarkably aggressive and most patients only survive for 5-12 months; irrespective of stage; after primary symptoms appear. Compounding matters is that MPM remains unresponsive to conventional standards of care; including radiation and chemotherapy. Currently; instead of relying on molecular signatures and histological typing; MPM treatment options are guided by clinical stage and patient characteristics because the mechanism of carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated; although about 80% of cases can be linked to asbestos exposure. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in the MPM tumor microenvironment; such as angiogenesis; apoptosis; cell-cycle regulation and several growth factor-related pathways predicted to be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, the availability of genomic data has improved our understanding of the pathobiology of MPM. The MPM genomic landscape is dominated by inactivating mutations in several tumor suppressor genes; such as <i>CDKN2A</i>; <i>BAP1</i> and <i>NF2</i>. Given the complex heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment in MPM; a better understanding of the interplay between stromal; endothelial and immune cells at the molecular level is required; to chaperone the development of improved personalized therapeutics. Many recent advances at the molecular level have been reported and several exciting new treatment options are under investigation. Here; we review the challenges and the most up-to-date biological advances in MPM pertaining to the molecular pathways implicated; progress at the genomic level; immunological progression of this fatal disease; and its link with developmental cell pathways; with an emphasis on prognostic and therapeutic treatment strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of β‐Keto Esters Catalyzed by P‐Chiral Bis(dialkylphosphino)ethanes‐Ru(II). (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Attention anomalies as measured by time estimation under G stress (2003)

To investigate attention anomalies under G stress, performance tests involving the estimation of time duration were conducted at sustained levels of 1 G/sub z/, 3 G/sub z/, and 5 G/sub z/ stress for a duration of 60. Two types of time-estimation tasks were conducted, counting and noncounting. Analysis of these data across all subjects indicates that the estimation of the minimum-duration counting task was grossly underestimated. Data were first analyzed across all subjects, and only the shortest counting task was affected by the 5 G/sub z/ stress condition. Overall, however, for a given stress level, the counting task was much more accurate a method of estimating time than noncounting. The 5 G/sub z/ stress level was slightly below the threshold to affect performance; however, for the documented case of one subject under great mental stress, his results were significantly affected by the combination of 5 G/sub z/ stress and the psychological stress. This effort has identified the 5 G/sub z/ stressor as the level at which performance begins to degrade, subject to the level of mental stress experienced by the subject.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A PHYSIOLOGICAL VIEW OF THE PRIMARY CILIUM (2004)

The primary cilium, an organelle largely ignored by physiologists, functions both as a mechano-sensor and a chemo-sensor in renal tubular epithelia. This forgotten structure is critically involved in the determination of left-right sidedness during development and is a key factor in the development of polycystic kidney disease, as well as a number of other abnormalities. This review provides an update of our current understanding about the function of primary cilia. Much new information obtained in the past five years has been stimulated, in part, by discoveries of the primary cilium's key role in the genesis of polycystic kidney disease as well as its involvement in determination of left-right axis asymmetry. Here we focus on the various functions of the primary cilium rather than on its role in pathology.
Stochastic index model for intermittent regimes: from preliminary analysis to regionalisation (2011)

Abstract. In small and medium-sized basins or in rivers characterized by intermittent discharges, with low or negligible/null observed values for long periods of the year, the correct representation of the discharge regime is important for issues related to water management and to define the amount and quality of water available for irrigation, domestic and recreational uses. In these cases, only one index as a statistical metric is often not enough; it is thus necessary to introduce Flow Duration Curves (FDC). The aim of this study is therefore to combine a stochastic index flow model capable of reproducing the FDC record period of a river, regardless of the persistence and seasonality of the series, with the theory of total probability in order to calculate how often a river is dry. The paper draws from preliminary analyses, including a study to estimate the correlation between discharge indicators Q95, Q50 and Q1 (discharges exceeding 95%, 50% or 1% of the time, respectively) and some fundamental characteristics of the basin, as well as to identify homogeneous regions in the target area through the study of several geo-morphological features and climatic conditions. The stochastic model was then applied in one of the homogeneous regions that includes intermittent rivers. Finally, the model was regionalized by means of regression analysis in order to calculate the FDC for ungauged basins; the reliability of this method was tested using jack-knife validation.
A Nickel(II)‐Mediated Thiocarbonylation Strategy for Carbon Isotope Labeling of Aliphatic Carboxamides (2021)

Abstract A series of pharmaceutically relevant small molecules and biopharmaceuticals bearing aliphatic carboxamides have been successfully labeled with carbon‐13. Key to the success of this novel carbon isotope labeling technique is the observation that 13 C‐labeled Ni II ‐acyl complexes, formed from a 13 CO insertion step with Ni II ‐alkyl intermediates, rapidly react in less than one minute with 2,2’‐dipyridyl disulfide to quantitatively form the corresponding 2‐pyridyl thioesters. Either the use of 13 C‐SilaCOgen or 13 C‐COgen allows for the stoichiometric addition of isotopically labeled carbon monoxide. Subsequent one‐pot acylation of a series of structurally diverse amines provides the desired 13 C‐labeled carboxamides in good yields. A single electron transfer pathway is proposed between the Ni II ‐acyl complexes and the disulfide providing a reactive Ni III ‐acyl sulfide intermediate, which rapidly undergoes reductive elimination to the desired thioester. By further optimization of the reaction parameters, reaction times down to only 11 min were identified, opening up the possibility of exploring this chemistry for carbon‐11 isotope labeling. Finally, this isotope labeling strategy could be adapted to the synthesis of 13 C‐labeled liraglutide and insulin degludec, representing two antidiabetic drugs.
Shock Hugoniot measurements in foam (2014)

The present study outlines a new approach to collecting shock Hugoniot data in foams using photonic Doppler velocimetry to perform mid-plane measurements of the foam deformation. Plate impact experiments were carried out to investigate wave propagation in a closed-cell polymeric foam and an open-cell aluminum foam. Dual-wave structures were observed in both materials with the leading precursor wave determined to be an elastic wave. The discussion of the results focuses on the nature of foam compression under high-rate loading, particularly the difference between the strain history in a foam undergoing uniform stress compaction and uniaxial strain compression. These results are discussed in reference to the current interpretations of Taylor-Hopkinson bar experiments on similar metallic foams. The importance of gas-filtration driven flows in the wave dynamics of open-cell foams is discussed in relation to the nature of the precursor waves.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Failed Bioprosthetic Surgical Valves (2014)

In this registry of patients who underwent transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation for degenerated bioprosthetic aortic valves, overall 1-year survival was 83.2%. Survival was lower among patients with small bioprostheses and those with predominant surgical valve stenosis.
Modeling Documents with Deep Boltzmann Machines (2013)

We introduce a Deep Boltzmann Machine model suitable for modeling and extracting latent semantic representations from a large unstructured collection of documents. We overcome the apparent difficulty of training a DBM with judicious parameter tying. This parameter tying enables an efficient pretraining algorithm and a state initialization scheme that aids inference. The model can be trained just as efficiently as a standard Restricted Boltzmann Machine. Our experiments show that the model assigns better log probability to unseen data than the Replicated Softmax model. Features extracted from our model outperform LDA, Replicated Softmax, and DocNADE models on document retrieval and document classification tasks.
Mechanism of Interleukin-1- and Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Dependent Regulation of the α1-Antichymotrypsin Gene in Human Astrocytes (2000)

The expression of alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (ACT) is significantly enhanced in affected brain regions in Alzheimer's disease. This serine proteinase inhibitor specifically colocalizes with filamentous beta-amyloid deposits and recently has been shown to influence both formation and destabilization of beta-amyloid fibrils. In the brain, ACT is expressed in astrocytes, and interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), oncostatin M (OSM), and IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor complexes control synthesis of this inhibitor. Here, we characterize a molecular mechanism responsible for both IL-1 and TNF-induced expression of ACT gene in astrocytes. We identify the 5' distal IL-1/TNF-responsive enhancer of the ACT gene located 13 kb upstream of the transcription start site. This 413-bp-long enhancer contains three elements, two of which bind nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) and one that binds activating protein 1 (AP-1). All of these elements contribute to the full responsiveness of the ACT gene to both cytokines, as determined by deletion and mutational analysis. The 5' NF-kB high-affinity binding site and AP-1 element contribute most to the enhancement of gene transcription in response to TNF and IL-1. In addition, we demonstrate that the 5' untranslated region of the ACT mRNA does not contribute to cytokine-mediated activation. Finally, we find that overexpression of the NF-kB inhibitor (IkB) totally inhibits any activation mediated by the newly identified IL-1/TNF enhancer of the ACT gene.
Analysis of turn-off behavior and switching losses of a 1200 V/50 A zero-voltage or zero-current switched IGBT (2002)

The authors describe the development of the basics for the determination of the maximum obtainable switching frequencies of a 20 kW, 820 V/50 V full-bridge DC-DC converter designed with (second-generation) 1200 V/50 A IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors). Because the turn-on losses can be almost completely avoided by phase-shift PWM (pulse-width modulation), emphasis is placed on the determination of the turn-off losses. The dependencies of the switching power losses per switching cycle on the load condition and on the junction temperature are investigated for the following cases: simple PWM (switching without snubber), switching with capacitive parallel branch (turn-off snubber network), and force commutation of the power electronic switches using a commutation circuit (zero-current switching). The results obtained indicate the possibility of rating the overall effort linked to a given operating mode of the power electronic devices. The limits of the operating region of the converter system can also be determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Adsorption, Liquid Separation (2002)

Abstract Nearly every chemical manufacturing operation requires the use of separation processes to recover and purify the desired product. Liquid‐phase adsorption has long been used for the removal of contaminants present at low concentrations in process streams such as in deodorization of water, decolorization of sugar, and ion exchange of fermentation broth. Liquid‐phase simulated moving bed (SMB) processes are being increasingly used for bulk separation of a whole range of molecules whose molecular properties are very similar. Examples are p ‐xylene from C 8 aromatics, normal paraffins from iso‐paraffins, fructose from glucose, and chiral molecules in the pharmaceutical industry. When it comes to the separation of close boiling molecules, SMB processes generally provide a better alternative to other conventional means of separation from both operating and capital costs point of view. This article reviews the application of liquid‐phase adsorption processes in the hydrocarbon, industrial chemicals, food, and pharmaceutical industry. Special emphasis is given to the class of processes referred to as SMB processes including fundamental SMB principles , and the general applicability and guidelines for SMB design. The paper also illustrates several examples of SMB applications in the petrochemical industry and its recent growth in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry.
T+31C polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene and nocturnal blood pressure decline: the Ohasama study1 (2002)

AGT/T+31C is associated with the circadian BP variation but not with BP level in the Japanese general population.
The thioredoxin reductase‐thioredoxin system is involved in the entry of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins in the cytosol of nerve terminals (2012)

Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins cause paralysis by cleaving SNARE proteins within the cytosol of nerve terminals. They are endocytosed inside acidic vesicles and the pH gradient across the membrane drives the translocation of their metalloprotease L domain in the cytosol. This domain is linked to the rest of the molecule by a single interchain disulfide bridge that has to be reduced on the cytosolic side of the membrane to free its enzymatic activity. By using specific inhibitors of the various cytosolic protein disulfides reducing systems, we show here that the NADPH-thioredoxin reductase-thioredoxin redox system is the main responsible for this disulfide reduction. In addition, we indicate auranofin, as a possible basis for the design of novel inhibitors of these neurotoxins.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors During Pregnancy: An Observational Study (2016)

Individualized psychopharmacologic treatment that takes into account the mother's exposure to SSRI concentrations and eventually her genetic background may become the standard of care to maximize drug benefit and minimize risks to the newborn.