gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intranasal interleukin-12 treatment for protection against respiratory infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (INC7P.413) (2014)

Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents the most common pathogen associated with nosocomial pneumonia. In the present study, the role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in inducing protective immunity in the lungs against intranasal infection of mice with MRSA was investigated. It was found that IL-12-deficient mice showed a lower survival rate, a higher bacterial burden in both the lung and spleen, and a lower level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in the lung than wild-type (WT) mice. These effects were completely reversed by replacement therapy with recombinant IL-12. Furthermore, exogenous IL-12 treatment of WT mice 24 h before intranasal infection with a lethal dose of MRSA significantly improved bacterial clearance and resulted in protection from death. These IL-12 treated-mice had a greater number of the lung natural killer (NK) cells and neutrophils, and had higher levels of IFN-γ in the lung and serum compared to control mice. The majority of IFN-γ-producing cells detected in IL-12-treated mice were NK cells. IL-12-induced protection against MRSA infection was abolished in NK cell-depleted, IFN-γ deficient, and MIIG mice. In addition, we found that combination therapy with linezolid and IL-12 following intranasal infection with MRSA significantly increased survival compared to mice receiving linezolid or IL-12 alone. Our results indicate that IL-12 can play an important role in protection against MRSA infection.
Relationship between the charging damage of test structures and the deposited charge on unpatterned wafers exposed to an electron cyclotron resonance plasma (1998)

The correlation between the nonuniformities of plasma parameters (i.e., floating potential) and the induced charging onto the surface of oxide-covered unpatterned 4 in. Si wafers exposed to O2 electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma is investigated. Wafers covered with a 1000 Å oxide layer were exposed to the ECR plasma under nonuniform conditions, and the induced surface charge was mapped on the wafers using contact potential difference technique. Floating potential profiles were monitored using a Langmuir probe. Experimental data indicate that the magnitude of the surface charge is proportional to the deviation of the floating potential from its surface-averaged potential. These results were compared to location of the damage of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor test structures exposed to same plasmas.
Advanced multiscopic display via temporal multiplexing (2007)

Recent advances in the framerate of deformable mirror devices (DMDs) coupled with a corresponding increase in the rendering and data transfer capabilities of graphical processing units (GPUs) has lead to the greatly increased viability of temporal multiplexing approaches for 3d display technology. Employing these advances an initial proof of concept four-zone multiscopic display has been demonstrated, with a 8-16 zone large format display in development. Both designs employ a high-speed LCD shutter located at the pupil of the optical train synchronized with a high framerate DMD projector allowing for the formation of multiple viewing zones via persistence of vision. Present results and ongoing progress in the design of the optical train, high speed projector and the associated rendering system.
A time-delay suppression technique for DPWM control circuit (2009)

A proposed design of a low-cost digital pulse width modulation (DPWM) control circuit for non-isolated DC-DC converter without A/D converter is described. Also, proposed real-time PID control technique for DPWM is described. Some experimental results and simulation results are revealed the proposed circuit and scheme. The purpose of this research is striking a balance between minimizing cost increase by digitalizing of the control circuit of DC-DC converter and speeding up the control circuit.
The shallow elastic structure of the lunar crust: New insights from seismic wavefield gradient analysis (2016)

Abstract Enigmatic lunar seismograms recorded during the Apollo 17 mission in 1972 have so far precluded the identification of shear‐wave arrivals and hence the construction of a comprehensive elastic model of the shallow lunar subsurface. Here, for the first time, we extract shear‐wave information from the Apollo active seismic data using a novel waveform analysis technique based on spatial seismic wavefield gradients. The star‐like recording geometry of the active seismic experiment lends itself surprisingly well to compute spatial wavefield gradients and rotational ground motion as a function of time. These observables, which are new to seismic exploration in general, allowed us to identify shear waves in the complex lunar seismograms, and to derive a new model of seismic compressional and shear‐wave velocities in the shallow lunar crust, critical to understand its lithology and constitution, and its impact on other geophysical investigations of the Moon's deep interior.
Modelling of multicellular microwave transistors using the scaling approach (2002)

A systematic approach to the modelling of multicellular power transistors is presented. It is based on characterisation and identification (modelling) of the elementary cell of the transistor, and modelling of input and output interconnections using the physical mask of the device. This model enables the small-signal performance of heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) to be predicted precisely. The obtained multicell model has been validated by comparison of its predictions with experimental measurements on various HBTs having different numbers of elementary cells.
Multiple-arrayed pressure measurement for investigation of the unsteady flow structure of a reattaching shear layer (2002)

Spatio-temporal characteristics of wall pressure fluctuations in separated and reattaching flows over a backward-facing step were investigated through an extensive pressure-velocity joint measurement with an array of microphones. The experiment was performed in a wind tunnel with a Reynolds number of 33 000 based on the step height and the free-stream velocity. Synchronized wavelet maps showed the evolutionary behaviour of pressure fluctuations and gave further insight into the modulated nature of large-scale vortical structures. To see the relationship between the flow field and the relevant spatial mode of the pressure field, a new kind of wavenumber filtering, termed ‘spatial box filtering’ (SBF), was introduced and examined. The vortical flow field was reconstructed using every single-point velocity measurement by means of the conditional average based on the SBF second mode of pressure fluctuations. The flow field showed a well-organized spanwise vortical structure convected with a speed of 0.6 U 0 and a characteristic ‘sawtooth’ pattern of the unsteady trace of reattachment length. In addition to the coherent vortical structures, the periodic enlargement/shrinkage process of the recirculation region owing to apping motion was analysed. The recirculation region was found to undergo an enlargement/shrinkage cycle in accordance with the lowpass-filtered component of pressure fluctuations. In addition, such modulatory behaviour of the vortical structure as the global oscillation phase was discussed in connection with the conditionally averaged flow field.
A Model-Based Recurrent Neural Network With Randomness for Efficient Control With Applications (2018)

Recently, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) control schemes for redundant manipulators have been extensively studied. These control schemes demonstrate superior computational efficiency, control precision, and control robustness. However, they lack planning completeness. This paper explains why RNN control schemes suffer from the problem. Based on the analysis, this work presents a new random RNN control scheme, which 1) introduces randomness into RNN to address the planning completeness problem, 2) improves control precision with a new optimization target, 3) improves planning efficiency through learning from exploration. Theoretical analyses are used to prove the global stability, the planning completeness, and the computational complexity of the proposed method. Software simulation is provided to demonstrate the improved robustness against noise, the planning completeness and the improved planning efficiency of the proposed method over benchmark RNN control schemes. Real-world experiments are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.
Inverse Feasibility in Over-the-Air Federated Learning (2022)

We introduce the concept of inverse feasibility for linear forward models as a tool to enhance OTA FL algorithms. Inverse feasibility is defined as an upper bound on the condition number of the forward operator as a function of its parameters. We analyze an existing OTA FL model using this definition, identify areas for improvement, and propose a new OTA FL model. Numerical experiments illustrate the main implications of the theoretical results. The proposed framework, which is based on inverse problem theory, can potentially complement existing notions of security and privacy by providing additional desirable characteristics to networks.
Phenanthridine synthesis via [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization reactions (2007)

A concise synthesis of phenanthridines via a microwave-assisted [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization reaction has been developed.
Source deghosting by depth apparition (2017)

Marine seismic data are distorted by ghosts as waves propagating upward reflect downward from the sea surface. Ghosts appear on the source side and the receiver side. However, whereas the receiver-side ghost problem has been studied in detail, and many different solutions have been proposed and implemented commercially, the source-side ghost problem has remained largely unsolved with few satisfactory solutions available. We have developed a new and simple method to remove sea-surface ghosts that is related to the recently introduced concept of signal apparition. As opposed to the temporal/spatial source signature modulation functions used in the original signal apparition theory, our source deghosting method relies on using sources at different depths but not at the same lateral positions. The new method promises to be particularly suitable for 3D applications on sparse or incomplete acquisition geometries.
Differential Phosphorylation of Myelin‐Associated Glycoprotein Isoforms in Cell Culture (1990)

The alternative splicing of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) mRNA generates two isoforms that harbor distinct potential phosphorylation sites in their cytoplasmic tails. Here we characterize the in vivo phosphorylation of MAG isoforms in NIH 3T3 cells transfected with the cDNAs encoding the two isoforms of MAG. Our results demonstrate that the longer isoform, L-MAG, is phosphorylated constitutively mainly on serine, but also on threonine and tyrosine residues. This phosphorylation is subject to change by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and ammonium vanadate, but not by dibutyryl-cyclic AMP. The shorter isoform, S-MAG, is constitutively phosphorylated only on serine residues. While TPA and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP have no detectable effect, ammonium vanadate induces tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation in S-MAG. 32P labeling of v-src-transformed NIH 3T3 cells that express L-MAG also show that L-MAG is likely to be an in vivo substrate for pp60v-src tyrosine kinase activity. These results demonstrate that both MAG isoforms are phosphorylated in a heterologous cell system and that this phosphorylation is subject to pharmacological manipulation.
Chiral Amplification by Self‐Assembly of Neutral Luminescent Platinum(II) Complexes (2017)

Two novel enantiomerically pure chiral ligands and the corresponding neutral Pt<sup>II</sup> complexes have been synthetized and characterized. The self-assembly properties of the complexes have been investigated using different morphological and photophysical techniques. The two enantiomeric complexes, 4 a and 4 b, show high tendency to self-assemble into chiral supramolecular aggregates with right (P) and left-handed (M) helical configurations, respectively, as proven by SEM and absorption circular dichroism. The formation of such organized structures is driven by the formation of metallophilic and π-π interactions between spatially close Pt complexes with an enhancement of the chiro-optical properties in the solid state.
Waterfront on the Martian Planitia: Algorithmic emergent catchments on\n disordered terrain (2016)

Under a terraforming scenario, a reactivated hydrological cycle on Mars will\nresult in upwards movement of water due to evaporation and precipitation. If\nMars' embryonic fossilized catchments provide inadequate drainage, Mars'\nlimited supplies of water may be absorbed entirely by crater lakes and\nglaciers, with negative consequences for the terraforming effort. We\ndemonstrate a stable, convergent algorithm for the efficient modeling of water\nflow over disordered terrain. This model is applied to Mars Orbital Laser\nAltimeter data and successfully predicts the formation of fossilized waterways\nand canyons visible only at much higher resolution. This exploratory study\nsuggests that despite its impossibly rugged appearance, ancient water flows\nhave carved channels that provide effective drainage over the majority of Mars'\nsurface. We also provide one possible reconstruction of a terraformed surface\nwater distribution.\n
Towards Time‐Resolved Diffraction Studies with Glycogen Phosphorylase (2007)

Laue diffraction with high intensity, broad-spectrum synchrotron radiation sources allows three-dimensional data sets on protein crystals to be recorded in seconds or milliseconds and opens the way for time-resolved studies on dynamic events in crystals. This chapter briefly reviews the field and describes progress towards time-resolved studies with glycogen phosphorylase. Methods for the synchronization of the start of reaction with the start of data collection have been developed for the phosphorolytic reaction of glycogen phosphorylase. The compound 3,5-dinitrophenylphosphate is photolabile, yielding Pi and the by-product, 3,5-dinitrophenol, which is non-reactive with the enzyme. Spectroscopic studies show that the compound has good quantum yield and that photolysis is rapid (greater than 1000 s-1). Release of the dinitrophenylate anion, following a pulse of light from a xenon flash lamp, has been monitored with a diode array spectrophotometer specially adapted for measurements on crystals. In a laboratory X-ray experiment with crystals of glycogen phosphorylase b, release of Pi and formation of the enzyme-product complex have been demonstrated. The way is now open for Laue diffraction studies on the catalytic reaction in the crystal.
Reactivity Control Capability of Fuel-Salt Processing System in a Molten-Salt Breeder Reactor (1978)

An evaluation is made of the reactivity control capability of the fuel processing system (FPS) in a molten-salt breeder reactor. The principal functions required of the FPS are : (a) Isolation of 233Pa from regions of high neutron flux during its decay to 233U, and (b) the removal of fission products from the system. The FPS can very usefully serve also to control the primary system reactivity by appropriately utilizing its function of extracting uranium and reconstituting the fuel contained in the salt. The principles of operation are quite similar to the chemical shim control system currently installed in PWR's whereby the core reactivity, affected by changes in the moderator temperature, fuel burnup and transient Xe, is adjusted by regulating the concentration of boric acid introducted in the moderator as neutron absorber. The present study examines the capability of the FPS to follow transient Xe as in PWR's, and proves that the FPS should effectively serve as a system for adjusting not only long-term changes in reactivity but also short-term transient variations without any accompanying difficulties foreseen in operation.
Supplemental Figures S1-S7 from Fibulin-5 Blocks Microenvironmental ROS in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fbln5 and α5β1 integrin expression pattern in mouse and human (S1); Characterization of KIC and KPC mice (S2); Examination of ROS levels in normal pancreas and NAC-treated KIC and RGE KIC tumors (S3); Reduced microvessel density (MVD) in RGE KIC and RGE KPC tumors compared to KIC and KPC tumors (S4); Examination and quantification of MVD in pancreatic tissues from KIC and RGE KIC, WT and RGE mice (S5); Fbln5 expression in Fbln5 WT, KO and RGE MEFs (S6); NADPH oxidase (Nox) is not the source of ROS induction for RGE MEFs when plated on FN (S7).&lt;/p&gt;
Dose-Intensive Melphalan With Blood Stem-Cell Support for the Treatment of AL (Amyloid Light-Chain) Amyloidosis: Survival and Responses in 25 Patients (1998)

AL (amyloid light-chain) amyloidosis is an uncommon plasma cell disorder in which depositions of amyloid light-chain protein cause progressive organ failure and death in a median of 13 months. Autologous stem-cell transplantation is effective therapy for multiple myeloma and therefore, we evaluated its efficacy for AL amyloidosis. Patients with adequate cardiac, pulmonary, and renal function had stem cells mobilized with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and were treated with dose-intensive intravenous melphalan (200 mg/m2). Response to therapy was determined by survival and improvement of performance status, complete response or persistence of the clonal plasma cell disorder, and change in the function of organs involved with amyloid at baseline. We enrolled 25 patients with a median age of 48 years (range, 29-60), all of whom had biopsy-proven amyloidosis with clonal plasma cell disorders. Twenty-two (88%) were Southwest Oncology Group performance status 1 or 2 within a year of diagnosis, and 16 (64%) had received no prior therapy. Predominant amyloid-related organ involvement was cardiac (n = 8), renal (n = 7), hepatic (n = 6), neuropathic (n = 3), and lymphatic (n = 1). Fifteen patients had one or two organ systems involved, whereas 10 had three or more involved. With a median follow-up of 24 months (12-38), 17 of 25 patients (68%) are alive, and the median survival has not been reached. Thirteen of 21 patients (62%) evaluated 3 months posttransplant had complete responses of their clonal plasma cell disorders. Currently, two thirds of the surviving patients (11 of 17) have experienced improvements of amyloid-related organ involvement in all systems, whereas 4 of 17 have stable disease. The improvement in the median performance status of the 17 survivors at follow-up (0 [range, 0-3]) is statistically significant versus baseline (2 [range, 1-3]; P < . 01). Significant negative prognostic factors with respect to overall survival include amyloid involvement of more than two major organ systems and predominant cardiac involvement. Three patients have experienced relapses of the clonal plasma cell disorder at 12 and 24 months. Dose-intensive therapy should currently be considered as the preferred therapy for patients with AL amyloidosis who meet functional criteria for autologous transplantation.
Supplementary Figure S7 from A Clinical PET Imaging Tracer ([<sup>18</sup>F]DASA-23) to Monitor Pyruvate Kinase M2–Induced Glycolytic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PKM2 analysis in TP459 neurospheres&lt;/p&gt;
ACUsmart Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Platform: Multicenter Pilot Study for Technical and Clinical Assessment (A.M.P. Study) (2019)

ACUsmart is a new multifunctional machine that meets most of the features required in a fourth-generation CRRT equipment.
Management of Cervical Spinal Deformity (2020)

Dr. Hirsch is a Spine Surgeon, CORE Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, and Dr. Phillips is Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St, Ste 300, Chicago, IL 60612; E-mail: [email protected] The authors, faculty, and all staff in a position to control the content of this CME activity, and their spouses/life partners (if any), have disclosed that they have no financial relationships with, or financial interests in, any commercial organizations relevant to this CME activity.Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. This activity expires on May 31, 2022.
6 th COSTAM/SFRR (ASEAN/Malaysia) International Workshop on Micronutrients, Oxidative Stress, and the Environment (2006)

The 6(th) COSTAM/SFRR (ASEAN/Malaysia) workshop, "Micronutrients, Oxidative Stress, and the Environment," was held from June 29 to July 2 at Holiday Inn Damai Beach Resort in Kuching, Sarawak. Two hundred twenty participants from 17 countries presented recent advances on natural antioxidants in the area of oxidative stress and molecular aspects of nutrition. Natural products and research are an important program in academic institutions and are experiencing unprecedented interest and growth by the scientific community and public health authorities. Progress is being driven by better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the relation between oxidative stress and micronutrient action. The gathering of scientists from around the world was fruitful, and we hope that future work will be developed by the formal and informal interactions that took place in this beautiful tropical setting.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Palytoxin Carboxylic Acid and Palytoxin Amide. (1990)

Abstract On treatment with DDQ the Mbn groups of the fully protected title acid (I) are removed.
High aspect ratio TSVs in micropin-fin heat sinks for 3D ICs (2012)

Future high performance 3D systems require a systematic co-design of their electrical interconnect network and their heat removal mechanism. This paper presents fine pitch (35 μm) and high aspect ratio (20:1) TSVs integrated in a benchmarked micropin-fin heat sink capable of removing power density of 100 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /tier at a junction temperature below 50 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: PICTET‐SPENGLER REACTIONS IN APROTIC MEDIA (1984)

Abstract Tryptöphan‐methylester (I) wird mit den Aldehyden (II) in siedendem Benzol zunächst zu (III) kondensiert, das in Gegenwart von Wasser zum Gemisch isomerer β‐Carboline (IV) führt.
Compensation for the Lateral Color Aberration Produced by the Atmosphere* (1966)

Since the atmosphere is an inhomogeneous refractive medium, images formed with light which has passed through the atmosphere in general exhibit color aberrations. For example, at sea level the atmospheric dispersion separates the red (λR = 7000 Å) and the blue (λB = 4000 Å) images of a star at a zenith angle of 45° by approximately 1.4″.This paper shows that by considering as a single problem the refraction of the atmosphere and the color aberrations of the telescope optics, it is possible to devise a telescope which almost completely compensates for the lateral color aberration arising from atmospheric refraction. In particular it is shown that for an objective consisting of BSC-2 glass the lateral color aberration at the final focus produced by the atmosphere is reduced by a factor Γ, where Γ = 0.006 ± 0.002 for a bandwidth from 3650 to 5876 Å, and Γ = 0.010 ± 0.002 for a bandwidth from 3650 to 6563 Å. For an objective consisting of a flint glass, Γ = 0.012 ± 0.002 for a bandwidth from 4047 to 10140 Å.