gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Local Delivery of lnterleukin-12 Using T Cells Targeting VEGF Receptor-2 Eradicates Multiple Vascularized Tumors in Mice (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We investigated the feasibility of delivering the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-12 into tumor using T cells genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Two different strains of mice bearing five different established subcutaneous tumors were treated with syngeneic T cells cotransduced with an anti–VEGFR-2 CAR and a constitutively expressed single-chain murine IL-12 or an inducible &lt;i&gt;IL-12&lt;/i&gt; gene after host lymphodepletion. Tumor regression, survival of mice, and persistence of the transferred cells were evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Adoptive transfer of syngeneic T cells cotransduced with an anti–VEGFR-2 CAR and a constitutively expressing single-chain IL-12 resulted in the regression of five different established tumors of different histologies without the need for IL-2 administration. T cells transduced with either anti–VEGFR-2 CAR or single-chain IL-12 alone did not alter the tumor growth indicating that both of them had to be expressed in the same cell to mediate tumor regression. Anti–VEGFR-2 CAR and IL-12–cotransduced T cells infiltrated the tumors, expanded, and persisted for prolonged periods. The antitumor effect did not require the presence of host T and B cells but was dependent on host IL-12R–expressing cells. The anti–VEGFR-2 CAR changed the immunosuppressive tumor environment by altering/reducing both the systemic and the intratumoral CD11b&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;Gr1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; myeloid suppressor cell subsets that expressed VEGFR-2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These results suggest that targeted delivery of IL-12 into the tumor environment with T cells redirected against VEGFR-2 is a promising approach for treating patients with a variety of solid tumor types. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(6); 1672–83. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Another use for radiofrequency energy during an atrial fibrillation ablation procedure (2007)

A 25-year-old man with initial 9 months' symptomatic permanent atrial fibrillation in the context of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was referred for a third procedure of catheter ablation planned because of symptomatic left atrial tachycardia recurrence.
Advanced Multi-Engine Platform (AMP™) – A Way to Robust RTK (2019)

Abstract The paper describes the Advanced Multi-Engine Platform (AMP ™ ) – Topcon’s patent pending technique, which is capable to improve RTK performance, based on the idea of running several RTK engines in parallel. The performance of AMP ™ is dependent on Topcon receiver board, where it has been implemented, and the best results are achieved with B210 board. The main specifics of B210 is that it has two RF front-ends and a single digital section. Such an architecture allows for calculating heading and tilt within a single receiver board, and providing better RTK performance due to synergy of attitude determination and RTK solutions from two antennas, calculated within a single digital section. The paper describes specifics of B210 board along with mathematical aspects of AMP ™ and its logic. The test results demonstrate noticeable improvements in RTK performance for B210 receiver board with AMP ™ , compared with the classical single-engine RTK approach.
Architectures adaptatives de traitement des images dans le plan focal (2008)

Les capteurs d'images font partie integrante de notre quotidien. Ces dispositifs sont le plus souvent implementes au sein de produits nomades pour lesquels subsistent de fortes contraintes de consommation d'energie. Les images acquises par de tels capteurs contiennent en effet de nombreuses redondances spatiales mais egalement temporelles lorsque l'on considere un flux video. De nombreuses donnees sont alors inutilement traitees, transmises et memorisees, induisant de ce fait un defaut d'autonomie pour de tels systemes. Les travaux de theses effectues ont eu pour objectif de repondre a cette contrainte de consommation, en definissant de nouvelles approches architecturales permettant un traitement des images en bordure et au sein de la matrice de pixels, afin d'adapter les ressources du capteur en fonction de l'activite de la scene observee. Ainsi, de nouveaux concepts d'acquisition et de traitement relatifs a la detection de mouvement ont ete etudies. L'architecture de traitement, derivee des algorithmes developpes, a par la suite ete developpee, tout en proposant des solutions permettant de garantir l'integrite des donnees analogiques. Une methode de modelisation originale a enfin ete mise en œuvre afin de valider les concepts proposes, du point de vue de la coherence des traitements, de leur robustesse et de la consommation induite. Enfin, un demonstrateur a ete realise en vue de valider l'implementation silicium de l'architecture concue. Les gains en consommation estimes sont ainsi de 30 a 700 en comparaison de capteurs de l'etat de l'art.
Theoretical and Experimental Gas Volume Quantiﬁcation of Micro- and Nanobubble Ultrasound Contrast Agents (2022)

&lt;p&gt; The amount of gas in ultrasound contrast agents is related to their acoustic activity. Because of this relationship, gas volume has been used as a key variable in normalizing the in vitro and in vivo acoustic behavior of lipid shell-stabilized bubbles with different sizes and shell components. Despite its importance, bubble gas volume has typically only been theoretically calculated based on bubble size and concentration that is typically measured using the Coulter counter for microbubbles and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) for nanoscale bubbles. However, while these methods have been validated for the analysis of liquid or solid particles, their application in bubble analysis has not been rigorously studied. We have previously shown that resonant mass measurement (RMM) may be a better-suited technique for sub-micron bubble analysis, as it can measure both buoyant and non-buoyant particle size and concentration. Here, we provide validation of RMM bubble analysis by using headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to experimentally measure the gas volume of the bubble samples. This measurement was then used as ground truth to test the accuracy of theoretical gas volume predictions based on RMM, NTA (for nanobubbles), and Coulter counter (for microbubbles) measurements. The results show that the headspace GC/MS gas volume measurements agreed well with the theoretical predictions for the RMM of nanobubbles but not NTA. For nanobubbles, the theoretical gas volume using RMM was 10% lower than the experimental GC/MS measurements; meanwhile, using NTA resulted in an 82% lower predicted gas volume. For microbubbles, the experimental gas volume from the GC/MS measurements was 27% lower compared to RMM and 72% less compared to the Coulter counter results. This study demonstrates that the gas volume of nanobubbles and microbubbles can be reliably measured using headspace GC/MS to validate bubble size measurement techniques. We also conclude that the accuracy of theoretical predictions is highly dependent on proper size and concentration measurements. &lt;/p&gt;
Thermal ablation of colorectal liver metastases: a position paper by an international panel of ablation experts, the interventional oncology sans frontières meeting 2013 (2015)

• Best results require due consideration of tumour size, number, volume and location. • Ablation technology, imaging guidance and intra-procedural imaging assessment must be optimised. • Accepted applications include inoperable disease due to tumour distribution or inadequate liver reserve. • Other current indications include concurrent co-morbidity, patient choice and the test-of-time approach. • Future applications may include resectable disease, e.g. for small solitary tumours.
Determination of Molar Masses and Study of Conformations and Morphologies by Physical Methods (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Determination of Molar Masses by Colligative Methods Macromolecular Masses and Sizes by Scattering Techniques Mass Spectrometry Applied to Polymers Viscosity of Dilute Solutions—Measurement of Molar Masses by Viscometry Application of Size Exclusion Chromatography to the Study of Molar Masses and their Distribution Study of Regular Conformational Structures—Principle of Fiber Pattern Determination of the Degree of Crystallinity (X) Study of Spherulites Determination of Chain Orientation Literature
Evaluation and Analysis of SIP and VOIP Performance with Presence Traffic over HSPA (2007)

This paper investigates the SIP based Presence traffic impact on the VoIP capacity, assuming an HSPA system. The results show that 2000 subscribers per cell with VoIP and presence enabled can be accommodated with a minor capacity loss of 5%. The uplink is the bottleneck for the system. The major reason for the capacity decrease is not the presence packet itself, rather the control channel overhead from DPCCH in UL and A-DPCH in DL due to the channel release delay. The paper investigates different priority based scheduling schemes. The simulations show that the best performance is achieved when VOIP and SIP (including presence and call setup) have equal priority. Prioritizing SIP over VoIP decreases SIP call control setup delay at the expense of lower VoIP capacity. Prioritizing VoIP over SIP or granting Presence the lowest priority results in very large overhead from the control channels, especially the uplink DPCCH. This leads to both decreased VoIP capacity and increased SIP setup delay. However, when UL DPCCH gating is applied, the performance of the scheme to prioritize VoIP over SIP call control and Presence is improved quite a lot and achieves the best trade-off between VoIP capacity and SIP setup delay.
Reproducibility of Retinal and Choroidal Thickness Measurements in Enhanced Depth Imaging and High-Penetration Optical Coherence Tomography (2011)

Purpose.: Two optical coherence tomography (OCT) modalities can visualize the choroid: high-penetration OCT (HP-OCT) using a long wavelength, and enhanced depth imaging technique using Heidelberg OCT (EDI-OCT). The purpose of this study was to compare and investigate the agreement among the retinal/choroidal thickness parameters. Methods.: Twenty-four eyes of 12 healthy volunteers were examined simultaneously using the prototype swept-source HP-OCT and EDI-OCT. Six independent examiners measured the central retinal/choroidal thicknesses on horizontal B-scan images. The reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Intervisit reproducibility was assessed by examining 10 of the volunteers 4 months later. Results.: Using HP-OCT, the average of all measurements was 209.1 ± 12.9 μm in the retina and 292.7 ± 77.3 μm in the choroid, and using EDI-OCT, 212.5 ± 13.3 μm in the retina and 283.7 ± 84.1 μm in the choroid. An intersystem comparison showed that the ICCs were 0.661 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.535–0.754) for the retina and 0.921 (95% CI, 0.875–0.948) for the choroid. Using HP-OCT, the interexaminer ICC reproducibility values were 0.630 (95% CI, 0.447–0.791) for the retinal thickness and 0.912 (95% CI, 0.835–0.958) for the choroidal thickness; using EDI-OCT, the values for the retinal and choroidal thicknesses were 0.788 (95% CI, 0.607–0.898) and 0.970 (95% CI, 0.948–0.985), respectively. The intervisit ICC values for the retinal and choroidal thicknesses were 0.504 (95% CI, 0.376–0.609) and 0.893 (95% CI, 0.864–0.916). Conclusions.: The retinal and choroidal thicknesses were well-correlated between the instruments. Higher reliability and reproducibility are expected for the choroidal thickness measurements despite with higher morphologic interindividual variations.
In vitro and in vivo effects of JAK2 inhibition in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (2016)

In chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), colony-forming units granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM), which grow in vitro in the absence of exogenous growth factors, arise from the abnormal clone that is responsible for the overproduction of granulomonocytic cells. Previous in vitro findings including ours suggest that divergent molecular aberrations in CMML seem to converge within the GM-CSF signaling pathway. As JAK2 is a sentinel kinase in this pathway, JAK2 inhibition may be an attractive treatment approach in CMML. We investigated the in vitro effects of the specific JAK2 inhibitor TG101209 on the autonomous CFU-GM formation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CMML. TG101209 was found to either block or strongly inhibit spontaneous CFU-GM growth in all 10 patients tested. This inhibitory effect was dose dependent and significantly more pronounced as compared to the inhibitory effect on stimulated CFU-GM growth from normal individuals. In a CMML patient with splenomegaly, who was treated with the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib off label, we can demonstrate a spleen response and the disappearance of constitutional symptoms which was associated with a decrease in autonomous CFU-GM formation ex vivo. Pharmacological JAK2 inhibition may be an interesting approach to be systematically studied in patients with CMML.
Multistatic post-track classification using a Target Strength function (2012)

The Specular-Cued Surveillance Web (SPECSweb) multistatic tracker effectively reduces false track rate through the use of two amplitude thresholds. A high threshold is used to identify the occurrence of high-strength specular detection cues for track initiation. A low threshold is used for selective extraction of additional detections for track extension forward and backward in time. This approach significantly reduces the node-to-fusion-center communication loading requirements as well as reducing the output false track rate. At the time of the specular-cued track initiation, a historical (back)-track is reconstructed and output. In some cases, there may still be false tracks at the tracker output. We demonstrate a post-tracking classification method based on the expected Target Strength (TS) function, which identifies and further reduces residual false tracks. Cylindrical targets exhibit aspect-dependent TS which produces variations in the SNR levels of detected echoes. The multistatic tracker output provides estimates of target heading and therefore also of target aspect angle. The level variations of contact-sets corresponding to track segments are correlated with the expected TS function to provide a classification score. The method is shown to have potential in reducing false tracks when applied to the PACsim simulated data sets of the Multistatic Tracking Working Group (MSTWG).
Microbatteries for Combinatorial Studies of Conventional Lithium-Ion Batteries (2003)

Integrated arrays of microscopic solid-state batteries have been demonstrated in a continuing effort to develop microscopic sources of power and of voltage reference circuits to be incorporated into low-power integrated circuits. Perhaps even more importantly, arrays of microscopic batteries can be fabricated and tested in combinatorial experiments directed toward optimization and discovery of battery materials. The value of the combinatorial approach to optimization and discovery has been proven in the optoelectronic, pharmaceutical, and bioengineering industries. Depending on the specific application, the combinatorial approach can involve the investigation of hundreds or even thousands of different combinations; hence, it is time-consuming and expensive to attempt to implement the combinatorial approach by building and testing full-size, discrete cells and batteries. The conception of microbattery arrays makes it practical to bring the advantages of the combinatorial approach to the development of batteries.
5G User Plane Advances (2020)

Abstract The explosive increase in the use of data in mobile networks has driven the introduction of a network architecture separating the Control Plane (CP) functions, handling the signaling between control functions in the network, and the User Plane (UP) functions, handling the user data packets. This journey started in 4G/EPS and has continued in 5G, fueled by a large variety of targeted use cases beyond traditional mobile broadband (MBB), such as IoT and vertical industry scenarios. Addressing these scenarios has resulted in advances of the 3GPP 5G System in respect to flexible Session Management and to mechanisms providing efficient UP paths such as differentiated session continuity modes, traffic breakout options, and enablers for Edge Computing. In addition, the 5G Quality of Service (QoS) model has been improved compared to previous generations of 3GPP systems to provide increased flexibility and reduced CP signaling. These User Plane advances, as well as enhancements and optimizations for small and infrequent data for massive IoT and for ultra‐reliable and low‐latency services, are presented in this article.
RescueMark: Visual Analytics of Social Media Data for Guiding Emergency Response in Disaster Situations: Award for Skillful Integration of Language Model (2019)

This paper presents RescueMark, a web-based visual analytics tool for analyzing disaster situations and guiding emergency response. In disaster situations operators must take quick and effective decisions to solve critical problems. RescueMark provides spatial, topic and temporal event exploration supporting decision making for resource allocation and determine damaged areas of the city. We describe the data analysis and visualization process of the social media data applied to extract the relevant information.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Syntheses of β‐Halo‐α,β‐unsaturated Ketones. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of Measurement Noise and Bias on Hill-Climbing MPPT Algorithms (2010)

Erroneous measurement of solar array voltage and current degrades the performance of hill-climbing, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) systems. This degradation is observed as a reduced climbing rate, erroneous settling point, and/or random operating point excursions. The effect of measurement bias and noise on MPPT performance is analyzed. Tracking problems are then classified according to their cause, which allows for easier debugging of a faulty tracker. The effectiveness of several error-mitigating techniques is then studied, and recommendations are given accordingly. Conclusions of the analysis are then experimentally verified.
Data from Oncogenic ERG Represses PI3K Signaling through Downregulation of IRS2 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Genomic rearrangements leading to the aberrant expression of ERG are the most common early events in prostate cancer and are significantly enriched for the concomitant loss of PTEN. Genetically engineered mouse models reveal that ERG overexpression alone is not sufficient to induce tumorigenesis, but combined loss of PTEN results in an aggressive invasive phenotype. Here, we show that oncogenic ERG repressed PI3K signaling through direct transcriptional suppression of IRS2, leading to reduced RTK levels and activity. In accordance with this finding, ERG-positive human prostate cancers had a repressed AKT gene signature and transcriptional downregulation of IRS2. Although overexpression of IRS2 activated PI3K signaling, promoting cell migration in a PI3K-dependent manner, this did not fully recapitulate the phenotype seen with loss of PTEN as PI3K signaling is not as robust as observed in the setting of loss of PTEN. Importantly, deletions of the PTEN locus, which promotes active PI3K signaling, were among the most significant copy-number alterations that co-occurred with ERG genomic rearrangements. This work provides insight on how initiating oncogenic events may directly influence the selection of secondary concomitant alterations to promote oncogenic signaling during tumor evolution.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This work provides insight on how initiating oncogenic events may directly influence the selection of secondary concomitant alterations to promote tumorigenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Surface Modification of Brass via Ultrashort Pulsed Direct Laser Interference Patterning and Its Effect on Bacteria-Substrate Interaction (2023)

In recent decades, antibiotic resistance has become a crucial challenge for human health. One potential solution to this problem is the use of antibacterial surfaces, i.e., copper and copper alloys. This study investigates the antibacterial properties of brass that underwent topographic surface functionalization via ultrashort pulsed direct laser interference patterning. Periodic line-like patterns in the scale range of single bacterial cells were created on brass with a 37% zinc content to enhance the contact area for rod-shaped <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). Although the topography facilitates attachment of bacteria to the surface, reduced killing rates for <i>E. coli</i> are observed. In parallel, a high-resolution methodical approach was employed to explore the impact of laser-induced topographical and chemical modifications on the antibacterial properties. The findings reveal the underlying role of the chemical modification concerning the antimicrobial efficiency of the Cu-based alloy within the superficial layers of a few hundred nanometers. Overall, this study provides valuable insight into the effect of alloy composition on targeted laser processing for antimicrobial Cu-surfaces, which facilitates the thorough development and optimization of the process concerning antimicrobial applications.
The mechanism of ventricular defibrillation (1988)

A summary is presented of findings about the mechanisms by which a shock succeeds or fails in halting ventricular fibrillation. It is shown that earliest activations following a subthreshold defibrillation shock occur in regions of low potential gradient generated by the shock. Activation fronts after subthreshold shocks are not continuations of fronts present just before the shock. An upper limit exists to the strength of shocks that induce fibrillation during the vulnerable period of regular rhythm and correlates with the defibrillation threshold. The response to shocks during regular rhythm just below the upper limit of vulnerability is similar to the response to subthreshold defibrillation shocks. To defibrillate, a shock must not only halt the activation fronts of fibrillation, but it must also not give rise to new activation fronts that reinduce fibrillation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CCNx Key Exchange Protocol Version 1.0 (2017)

This document specifies Version 1.0 of the CCNx Key Exchange (CCNxKE)
protocol. The CCNxKE protocol allows two peers to establish a shared,
forward-secure key for secure and confidential communication. The
protocol is designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, and message
forgery between two peers. It is also designed to minimize the number
of rounds required to establish a shared key. In the worst case, it
requires two RTTs between a consumer and producer to establish a
shared key. In the best case, one RTT is required before sending any
application data. This document outlines how to derive the keys used
to encrypt traffic for a session and shows how session information is
exchanged between a consumer and producer using message encapsulation.