gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time Ortho Imaging and 3 Dimensional Visualization for Archeological Artifacts. (1997)

The effectiveness of the real-time ortho projection and drawing system using a CCD camera and line lasers developed by the authors has been demonstrated. However, 3 dimensional visualization for archeological artifacts, such as surface model or texture model should be performed.There are some methods for performing a digital 3D modeling such as the range finder method. The most remarkable point of this system is its ability to get a real-time ortho projection image and a 3 dimensional model with one CCD camera.
CameraHRV: Robust measurement of heart rate variability using a camera (2018)

The inter-beat-interval (time period of the cardiac cycle) changes slightly for every heartbeat; this variation is measured as Heart Rate Variability (HRV). HRV is presumed to occur due to interactions between the parasym- pathetic and sympathetic nervous system. Therefore, it is sometimes used as an indicator of the stress level of an individual. HRV also reveals some clinical information about cardiac health. Currently, HRV is accurately measured using contact devices such as a pulse oximeter. However, recent research in the field of non-contact imaging Photoplethysmography (iPPG) has made vital sign measurements using just the video recording of any exposed skin (such as a person's face) possible. The current signal processing methods for extracting HRV using peak detection perform well for contact-based systems but have poor performance for the iPPG signals. The main reason for this poor performance is the fact that current methods are sensitive to large noise sources which are often present in iPPG data. Further, current methods are not robust to motion artifacts that are common in iPPG systems. We developed a new algorithm, CameraHRV, for robustly extracting HRV even in low SNR such as is common with iPPG recordings. CameraHRV combined spatial combination and frequency demodulation to obtain HRV from the instantaneous frequency of the iPPG signal. CameraHRV outperforms other current methods of HRV estimation. Ground truth data was obtained from FDA-approved pulse oximeter for validation purposes. CameraHRV on iPPG data showed an error of 6 milliseconds for low motion and varying skin tone scenarios. The improvement in error was 14%. In case of high motion scenarios like reading, watching and talking, the error was 10 milliseconds.
Multicarrier multiple access is sum-rate optimal for block transmissions over circulant ISI channels (2006)

Multicarrier multiple access with channel knowledge and prescribed power at the transmitters is shown to maximize the sum-rate for circulant intersymbol-interference (ISI) channels. A low-complexity iterative algorithm is derived for optimal subcarrier allocation to multiple users, while power is loaded per user by specializing an existing iterative algorithm to circulant ISI channels. It is analytically shown that each subcarrier should be allocated to the user having relatively better subcarrier gain and that different users may share certain subcarriers.
Amphiphilic and Hydrophilic Block Copolymers from Aliphatic N-Substituted 8-Membered Cyclic Carbonates: A Versatile Macromolecular Platform for Biomedical Applications (2016)

Introduction of hydrophilic components, particularly amines and zwitterions, onto a degradable polymer platform, while maintaining precise control over the polymer composition, has been a challenge. Recognizing the importance of these hydrophilic residues in multiple aspects of the nanobiomedicine field, herein, a straightforward synthetic route to access well-defined amphiphilic and hydrophilic degradable block copolymers from diethanolamine-derived functional eight-membered N-substituted aliphatic cyclic carbonates is reported. By this route, tertiary amine, secondary amine, and zwitterion residues can be incorporated across the polymer backbone. Demonstration of pH-responsiveness of these hydrophilic residues and their utility in the development of drug-delivery vehicles, catered for the specific requirements of respective model drugs (doxorubicin and diclofenac sodium salt) are shown. As hydrophilic components in degradable polymers play crucial roles in the biological interactions, these materials offers opportunities to expand the scope and applicability of aliphatic cyclic carbonates. Our approach to these functional polycarbonates will expand the range of biocompatible and biodegradable synthetic materials available for nanobiomedicine, including drug and gene delivery, antimicrobials, and hydrophilic polymers as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) alternatives.
Optimization of quasi-conformal transformation optics lenses with an arbitrary GRIN-capable ray tracer (2013)

Quasi-conformal Transformation Optics (QCTO) has been proposed as a design technique for flattened or compressed optical and RF lenses. QCTO devices may be realized using all-dielectric gradient-index structures, which simplifies implementation and improves bandwidth for structures at optical wavelengths by avoiding the requirement for metamaterial design and fabrication. However, replacing one or more conventional homogeneous optical lenses by a QCTO equivalent is not as simple as a single-step design from performance specification to a drop-in replacement lens. Optimizations must be performed over the QCTO transformation in order to achieve equivalent optical performance under index and fabrication constraints. This abstract presents an optimization procedure for QCTO lenses that makes use of a ray tracing tool that supports arbitrary numerically-specified GRIN profiles for electrically large structures.
Reliable Wireless Networking via Soft-Source Information Combining (2022)

This article puts forth a multistream networking paradigm, referred to as soft-source-information-combining (SSIC), to support wireless Internet of Things (IoT) applications with ultrareliability requirements. For SSIC networking, an SSIC dispatcher at the source dispatches duplicates of packets over multiple streams, which may be established over different physical wireless networks. If a packet on a stream cannot be decoded due to wireless interference or noise, the decoder makes available the packet’s soft information. An aggregator then combines the soft information of the duplicates to boost reliability. Of importance are two challenges: 1) how to descramble the scrambled soft information from different streams to enable correct SSIC and 2) the construct of an SSIC dispatching and aggregation framework compatible with commercial network interface cards (NICs) and TCP/IP networks. To address the challenges, we put forth: 1) a soft descrambling (SD) method to minimize the bit-error rate (BER) and packet-error rate (PER) at the SSIC’s output and 2) an SSIC networking architecture readily deployable over today’s TCP/IP networks without specialized NICs. For concept proving and experimentation, we realized an SSIC system over two Wi-Fi’s physical paths in such a way that all legacy TCP/IP applications can enjoy the reliability brought forth by SSIC without modification. Experiments over our testbed corroborate the effectiveness of SSIC in lowering the packet delivery failure rate and the possibility of SSIC in providing 99.99% reliable packet delivery for short-range communication.
Advances in Artificial Intelligence Require Progress Across all of\n Computer Science (2017)

Advances in Artificial Intelligence require progress across all of computer science.
Dow Corning photonics: the silicon advantage in automotive photonics (2005)

The Automotive Market offers several opportunities for Dow Corning to leverage the power of silicon-based materials. Dow Corning Photonics Solutions has a number of developments that may be attractive for the emergent photonics needs in automobiles, building on 40 years of experience as a leading Automotive supplier with a strong foundation of expertise and an extensive product offering- from encapsulents and highly reliable resins, adhesives, insulating materials and other products, ensuring that the advantage of silicones are already well-embedded in Automotive systems, modules and components. The recent development of LED encapsulants of exceptional clarity and stability has extended the potential for Dow Corning’s strength in Photonics to be deployed “in-car”. Demonstration of board-level and back-plane solutions utilising siloxane waveguide technology offers new opportunities for systems designers to integrate optical components at low cost on diverse substrates. Coupled with work on simple waveguide technology for sensors and data communications applications this suite of materials and technology offerings is very potent in this sector. The harsh environment under hood and the very extreme thermal range that materials must sustain in vehicles due to both their engine and the climate is an applications specification that defines the siloxane advantage. For these passive optics applications the siloxanes very high clarity at the data-communications wavelengths coupled with extraordinary stability offers significant design advantage. The future development of Head-Up-Displays for instrumentation and data display will offer yet more opportunities to the siloxanes in Automotive Photonics.
Abstract 3058: Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell niche activation and mobilization fosters the metastatic niche (2014)

Abstract Metastasis remains the main cause of mortality for patients with cancer. The process whereby a localized tumor becomes metastatic remains poorly understood. Metastasis was previously thought to be a late-stage, unidirectional migration of cells from the primary tumor to a distant site, due to acquired genetic mutations that conferred necessary metastatic attributes to the cell. However, current research demonstrates that dissemination is not a late phenomenon and although loss of metastasis suppressor genes or gain of acquired mutations can contribute to the metastatic phenotype, the cross-talk between the tumor and its microenvironment has proven to be a major driver of this process. We have found that recruited bone marrow-derived cells and changes in resident stromal cells form a microenvironment that is conducive to metastatic progression, termed the pre-metastatic niche. The recruited and resident cells that form this microenvironment are active areas of investigation. Because the bone marrow is the source for most of the recruited cell types in these distant tissue sites, we postulated that activation of the bone marrow's hematopoietic compartment plays a key role in metastatic progression. We sought to profile the changes that occur within the hematopoietic stem cell niche of the bone marrow and subsequent changes in hematopoiesis in the setting of tumor development. Within the bone marrow of tumor bearing mice we found increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These cells are also increased in the circulation of both tumor bearing mice and patients with malignancy. Furthermore, we have determined that elevated levels of circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells can be predictive of metastatic risk, as those patients with the highest levels at diagnosis developed metastases. This biomarker may be useful in stratifying therapy for patients with localized disease who have the highest metastatic risk. Better understanding of the steps and individual factors required to establish a metastatic microenvironment can lead to novel adjuvant therapies to target this process. Citation Format: Amber J. Giles, Meera Murgai, Yorleny Vicioso, Steven Highfil, Crystal Mackall, Leonard Wexler, David Lyden, Rosandra Natasha Kaplan. Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell niche activation and mobilization fosters the metastatic niche. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3058. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3058
Multiplex amplicon genotyping by high-resolution melting. (2009)

High-resolution amplicon melting is a simple method for genotyping that uses only generic PCR primers and a saturating DNA dye. Multiplex amplicon genotyping has previously been reported in a single color, but two instruments were required: a carousel-based rapid cycler and a high-resolution melting instrument for capillaries. Manual transfer of capillaries between instruments and sequential melting of each capillary at 0.1 degrees C/s seriously limited the throughput. In this report, a single instrument that combines rapid-cycle real-time PCR with high-resolution melting [LightScanner-32 (LS-32), Idaho Technology, Salt Lake City, UT] was used for multiplex amplicon genotyping. The four most common mutations associated with thrombophilia, F5 (factor V Leiden 1691G>A), F2 (prothrombin 20210G>A), and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; 1298A>C and 677C>T) were genotyped in a single homogeneous assay with internal controls to adjust for minor chemistry and instrument variation. Forty temperature cycles required 9.2 min, and each capillary required 2.2 min by melting at 0.3 degrees C/s, 3x the prior rate. Sample volume was reduced from 20 microl to 10 microl. In a blinded study of 109 samples (436 genotypes), complete concordance with standard assays was obtained. In addition, the rare variant MTHFR 1317T>C was genotyped correctly when present. The LS-32 simplifies more complex high-resolution melting assays by reducing hands-on manipulation, total time of analysis, and reagent cost while maintaining the resolution necessary for multiplex amplicon genotyping.
COMPARISON OF HELICAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY, POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY SCANS FOR EVALUATION OF LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN RELAPSE AFTER TREATMENT FOR LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER (1999)

CT and PET each detected evidence of metastatic disease in 50% of all patients with a high PSA or PSA velocity (greater than 4 ng./ml. or greater than 0.2 ng./ml. per month, respectively). Both techniques are limited for detecting metastatic disease in patients with a low PSA or PSA velocity. Our data suggest that monoclonal antibody scan has a lower detection rate than CT or PET.
A NEW ION MOBILITY BASED METHOD UTILIZING TIME VARYING COLLISION ENERGY TO IMPROVE THE FRAGMENTATION EFFICIENCY OF MULTIPLE PRECURSOR IONS (2008)

with, or validation of, calculated values. The separation afforded by ion mobility (IM) broadly correlates with both mass and charge, a characteristic which has previously been exploited to enhance the transmission of a Quadrupole - IMS - oaToF and to reduce undesirable chemical noise. Here we report a new method exploiting these correlations where the potential difference between the IMS cell and a downstream fragmentation cell is varied over the IMS time so that the collision energy (CE) is optimised for ions exiting the IMS at a given time. The CE profile remains at 4 eV, which is the value used in the non-fragmenting mode, until 1.3 msec to allow all of the ions to be transferred into the IMS T- Wave before the Lift profile starts. A typical Low CE BPI chromatogram is shown in figure 3 highlighting the ion species that were used in the FE calculations. In this study the FE was defined as the intensity sum of the fragment ions belonging to the precursor cho- sen divided by the intensity of the precursor ion prior to fragmentation. In all cases the ratio of the IMS profiled CE to the standard CE ramp FE was greater than unity and averaged at 1.8 as shown in table 1. Figure 3 Shows a BPI chromatogram highlighting the ion spe- cies used in the efficiency calculations.
A generalization of Lyapounov’s convexity theorem to measures with atoms (1987)

The distance from the convex hull of the range of an n-dimensional vector-valued measure to the range of that measure is no more than an/2, where a is the largest (one-dimensional) mass of the atoms of the measure. The case a = 0 yields Lyapounov's Convexity Theorem; applications are given to the bisection problem and to the bang-bang principle of optimal control theory.
Performance evaluation of in-source ion activation hardware for collision-induced unfolding of proteins and protein complexes on a drift tube ion mobility-mass spectrometer (2022)

Native ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has emerged as an information-rich technique for gas phase protein structure characterization; however, IM resolution is currently insufficient for the detection of subtle structural differences in large biomolecules. This challenge has spurred the development of collision-induced unfolding (CIU) which utilizes incremental gas phase activation to unfold a protein in order to expand the number of measurable descriptors available for native protein ions. Although CIU is now routinely used in native mass spectrometry studies, the interlaboratory reproducibility of CIU has not been established. Here we evaluate the reproducibility of the CIU data produced across three laboratories (University of Michigan, Texas A&M University, and Vanderbilt University). CIU data were collected for a variety of protein ions ranging from 8.6-66 kDa. Within the same laboratory, the CIU fingerprints were found to be repeatable with root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of less than 5%. Collision cross section (CCS) values of the CIU intermediates were consistent across the laboratories, with most features exhibiting an interlaboratory reproducibility of better than 1%. In contrast, the activation potentials required to induce protein CIU transitions varied between the three laboratories. To address these differences, three source assemblies were constructed with an updated ion activation hardware design utilizing higher mechanical tolerance specifications. The production-grade assemblies were found to produce highly consistent CIU data for intact antibodies, exhibiting high precision ion CCS and CIU transition values, thus opening the door to establishing databases of CIU fingerprints to support future biomolecular classification efforts.
Systems-based analysis of responses to stimulation or inhibition of EGF receptor signaling in breast cancer cells (2007)

4427 Comprehensive assessment of molecular and cellular responses to stimulation or inhibition of the EGFR pathway is a prerequisite for the generation and optimization of computerized models of this pathway. Pathway Logic is a rule-based model that uses rewrite logic to symbolically represent biological processes. To expand the rule set of this model, we performed an extensive temporal analysis of molecular and cellular responses to EGF stimulation and MEK inhibition in two breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MBA-MD-231). RNA expression array analyses and reverse-phase protein lysate array analyses were performed. In addition, changes in cell cycle distribution, cell viability, and apoptosis rates were measured. Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed and the canonical-pathway based analysis system GenMAPP was used to map observed changes onto known pathways. Expected responses were clearly reproduced, including the early-growth response to EGF stimulation that includes activation of the transcription factors c-Jun/c-Fos or the activation of dual-specificity phosphatases, which are known to be negative regulators of Ras-MEK-ERK signaling. In addition, evidence for pathway crosstalk and feedback loops was found. For example, increased expression of EGF receptor RNA and possible activation of transcripition factors down-stream of PI3-kinase following MEK inhibition were found. Since the time-course experiment was also suggestive of cross-talk between Ras-MEK-ERK signaling and PI3-kinase as well as the TGF-beta pathway, we are currently testing the role of these pathways as mediators of therapeutic resistance to MEK inhibition. Data from these analyses are being used to expand the rule set of the Pathway Logic model thus allowing for better prediction of pathway responses to targeted interventions into signal transduction processes.
Signal Representation with Minimum L_Infinity Norm (2012)

Maximum (or L_infinity) norm minimization subject to an underdetermined system of linear equations finds use in a large number of practical applications, such as vector quantization, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) (or "crest factor") reduction in wireless communication systems, approximate neighbor search, robotics, and control. In this paper, we analyze the fundamental properties of signal representations with minimum L_infinity-norm. In particular, we develop bounds on the maximum magnitude of such representations using the uncertainty principle (UP) introduced by Lyubarskii and Vershynin, 2010, and we characterize the limits of l_infinity-norm-based PAPR reduction. Our results show that matrices satisfying the UP, such as randomly subsampled Fourier or i.i.d. Gaussian matrices, enable the effcient computation of so-called democratic representations, which have both provably small l_infinity-norm and low PAPR.
Improving coverage estimation for cellular networks with spatial bayesian prediction based on measurements (2012)

Cellular operators routinely use sophisticated planning tools to estimate the coverage of the network based on building and terrain data combined with detailed propagation modeling. Nevertheless, coverage holes still emerge due to equipment failures, or unforeseen changes in the propagation environment. For detecting these coverage holes, drive tests are typically used. Since carrying out drive tests is expensive and time consuming, there is significant interest in both improving the quality of the coverage estimates obtained from a limited number of drive test measurements, as well as enabling the incorporation of measurements from mobile terminals. In this paper we introduce a spatial Bayesian prediction framework that can be used for both of these purposes. We show that using techniques from modern spatial statistics we can significantly increase the accuracy of coverage predictions from drive test data. Further, we carry out a detailed evaluation of our framework in urban and rural environments, using realistic coverage data obtained from an operator planning tool for an operational cellular network. Our results indicate that using spatial prediction techniques can more than double the likelihood of detecting coverage holes, while retaining a highly acceptable false alarm probability.
Supplementary Table 1 from Adipocyte-Derived Fibroblasts Promote Tumor Progression and Contribute to the Desmoplastic Reaction in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 101K, Characterization of the antibodies used in the study.&lt;/p&gt;
Can expertise in playing computer games help you do more than play a game better (2008)

Book of abstracts p. 42.
Screening for Anti-Idiotypic Monoclonal Antibodies on Paraformaldehyde-Fixed Lymphoma Cells (1987)

Paraformaldehyde-fixed, human lymphoma cells on glass slides were used to screen murine hybridoma supernatants for anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies by a rapid indirect immunofluorescence technique. The method is shown to require far fewer cells for screening than current techniques, and it provides results that correlate with the results of screening by flow cytometry or by capture ELISA. We conclude that paraformaldehyde fixation preserves the idiotypic determinants of lymphomas. The assay described in this report, therefore, has significant advantages over current methods for producing anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies.