gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadcasting Services Over 5G NR Enabled Multi-Beam Non-Terrestrial Networks (2020)

The era of the fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) technology has just begun, and its promises to substantially improve the system performance have turned into reality. The 5G NR enabled Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) is almost upon us and will represent an effective solution to provide services anytime, anywhere, and over wider coverage areas. In this context, high throughput satellite systems with advanced multi-beam transmissions have gained significant attention owing to their ability to boost the system capacity through beam frequency re-use, increased user data rates, and system spectral efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel radio resource management scheme, named Single-Frequency Multi-Beam Transmission (SF-MBT), for efficient delivery of the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services over the 5G NR multi-beam NTN systems. The main thinking is to group beams into the dedicated Beam Areas, wherein a certain content flow is delivered via simultaneous multi-beam transmissions over the same radio resources without causing inter-beam interference. A simulation campaign is conducted under different scenarios to assess the effectiveness of the proposed SF-MBT algorithm as compared to the current schemes based on frequency reuse. System-wide performance is evaluated in terms of the aggregate data rate, mean throughput, and system spectral efficiency.
Analysis of plant-derived miRNAs in animal small RNA datasets (2012)

Our analyses suggest that the observed plant miRNAs in animal sRNA datasets can originate in the process of sequencing, and that accumulation of plant miRNAs via dietary exposure is not universal in animals.
Stable phantoms for characterization of photoacoustic tomography (PAT) systems (2013)

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an emerging modality that combines the high contrast of optical imaging, with the spatial resolution and penetration depth of ultrasound, by exploiting the photoacoustic effect. As with any new imaging modality, reliable physical phantoms are needed to: calibrate instruments; validate performance; optimize signal-to-noise; perform routine quality control; and compare systems. Phantom materials for testing small animal PAT systems should also mimic both the optical and acoustic properties of soft tissue, while for calibration purposes should be resistant to degradation over long time periods. We show here that polyvinyl chloride plastisol (PVCP) phantoms enable calibration and performance validation using two PAT systems with distinct designs (Visualsonics Vevo LAZR and Endra Nexus 128) across a wavelength range of 680 nm – 950 nm. Inclusions between 2 and 3.2 mm in diameter were fabricated from PVCP using a range of dye concentrations (0 % to 0.256 % Black Plastic Color, BPC) in a custom mold. A calibration phantom was imaged repeatedly on both systems, over time scales of minutes, hours and days, to assess system stability. Both systems demonstrated good reproducibility over time, with the coefficient of variation in the measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) being less than 15% over the course of 30 days. Imaging performance was optimized by plotting SNR as a function of different system parameters. The visualization of objects embedded in optically absorbing and scattering backgrounds was also assessed. PVCP is easy to work with and provides stable phantoms for assessing PAT system performance.
Ancient pathogen DNA in archaeological samples detected with a Microbial Detection Array (2014)

Ancient human remains of paleopathological interest typically contain highly degraded DNA in which pathogenic taxa are often minority components, making sequence-based metagenomic characterization costly. Microarrays may hold a potential solution to these challenges, offering a rapid, affordable and highly informative snapshot of microbial diversity in complex samples without the lengthy analysis and/or high cost associated with high-throughput sequencing. Their versatility is well established for modern clinical specimens, but they have yet to be applied to ancient remains. Here we report bacterial profiles of archaeological and historical human remains using the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA). The array successfully identified previously-verified bacterial human pathogens, including Vibrio cholerae (cholera) in a 19th century intestinal specimen and Yersinia pestis (“Black Death” plague) in a medieval tooth, which represented only minute fractions (0.03% and 0.08% alignable high-throughput shotgun sequencing reads) of their respective DNA content. This demonstrates that the LLMDA can identify primary and/or co-infecting bacterial pathogens in ancient samples, thereby serving as a rapid and inexpensive paleopathological screening tool to study health across both space and time.
On Multiple-Input/Binaural-Output Antiphasic Speaker Signal Extraction (2023)

This paper studies the problem of target speaker signal exaction and antiphasic rendering with an array of microphones in the scenarios where there are two active speakers. Based on the important findings achieved in the psychoacoustic field as well as our recent works on single-channel speech enhancement, we present a rendering based approach in which a temporal convolutional network (TCN) is trained to take the multiple signals observed by the microphone array as its inputs and generate two output (binaural) signals. The TCN is trained in such a way that, when binaural output signals are listened by the listener with headsets, the speech signal from the desired speaker is perceived on one side of and close to the listener’s head, while the competing speech signal is perceived on the opposite side and also away from the listener’s head. Benefited from rendering and the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) improvement, this antiphasic binaural presentation enables the listener to better focus on the target speaker’s signal while ignoring the impact of the competing speech. The modified rhyme tests (MRTs) are performed to validate the superiority of the proposed method.
Wide-wavelength-range and high-output-power short-cavity DBR laser array with active distributed Bragg reflector (2005)

We demonstrated a wide-wavelength (1533-1568 nm), high-output power (30 mW) operation in a short-cavity DBR laser array by incorporating an active single quantum well in DBR mirrors.
Expanding the Language of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Using Synthetic Lligands (2015)

We are developing chemical tools that attenuate cell‐cell communication pathways in bacteria. Many bacteria communicate using small organic molecules and peptides to monitor their population densities in a process called “quorum sensing.” At high cell densities, bacteria use this signaling network to switch from an isolated, nomadic existence to that of a multicellular community. This lifestyle switch is significant; only in groups will pathogenic bacteria turn on virulence pathways and grow into drug‐impervious communities called biofilms that are the basis of myriad chronic infections. In turn, certain symbiotic bacteria will only colonize their hosts and initiate beneficial behaviors at high population densities. Our research is broadly focused on the design, synthesis, and characterization of non‐native ligands that can intercept quorum sensing and provide new insights into its role in host/microbe interactions. These molecules provide a novel approach to study quorum sensing with both spatial and temporal control in a range of settings. We have developed a series of efficient synthetic methods that provide us with straightforward access to these ligands. In addition, we have applied our quorum sensing antagonists and agonists in vitro and in vivo to investigate quorum sensing as an anti‐infective target. This talk will introduce our research approach and highlight recent results.
Anisotropic flow in Xe–Xe collisions at sNN=5.44 TeV (2018)

The first measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients v n for mid-rapidity charged particles in Xe-Xe collisions at
Dati preliminari sulla biodistribuzione e danno al DNA del 99mTc-HA in sistemi "in vitro" ed "in vivo" (2004)

Il programma BIORET ha lo scopo di determinare in organismi comunemente usati nella sperimentazione quali il topo, la biodistribuzione di radiofarmaci marcati con 99mTc e 188 Re, di definirne l'attivita` relativa depositata in diversi organi, la radio-risposta cellulare e successivamente l'effetto terapeutico su tumori epatici indotti nel topo mediante l'inoculo di cellule di fibrosarcoma murino. I dati ottenuti nella prima fase di sperimentazione con un polimero marcato sono riportati.
Coupled nanocavilty arrays (2005)

We wil:l discuss ourexperimenta:l and. theoretica:l workoncoup:led, photonlic crystal nlanocavity arrays, and,their applicationls ranlging fromlow-thresho:ld, XhigXh speed. lasers to nlon:linear optical devices. Summary We recently proposed. two-dimenlsionlal cou.p:led. pXhotonlic crystal nlanocavity arrays asaroute toachieve aslow- groupve:locity ofli;ght inl allcrysta:l di;rections (1). Su.ch anlanocavity array isfonrmed. byperiodi;cal:ly ti:ling nlanocavities inl twodimenlsionls inlside aphotonic crysta:l. Bytunilng thedistanlce (i.e., thenlumber ofphotonic crystal periods) betweenr nLeighborinlg cavities, onLe canl turie their couplinLg strenLgth, anLd conLsequenLtly thegroupvelocity of
ChemInform Abstract: A Safe and Efficient Method for Conversion of 1,2‐ and 1,3‐Diols to Cyclic Carbonates Utilizing Triphosgene. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The sound of light: photoacoustics for biomedical applications (2022)

This article is about photoacoustic imaging and spectroscopy, and their use for looking inside us, where they have a number of benefits. Hilde Jans and Xavier Rottenberg explain the fundamentals and how new technology may be bringing a new photoacoustics age.
High average current electron guns for high-power free electron lasers (2011)

High average power free-electron lasers (FELs) require high average current electron injectors capable of generating high quality, short duration electron bunches with a repetition rate equal to the frequency of the rf linac. In this paper we propose, analyze, and simulate an rf-gated, gridded thermionic electron gun for use in high average power FELs. Thermionic cathodes can provide the necessary high current, have long lifetimes, and require modest vacuums. In the proposed configuration the rf-gated grid is modulated at the fundamental and 3rd harmonic of the linac frequency. The addition of the 3rd harmonic on the grid results in shorter electron bunches. In this configuration, every rf bucket of the linac accelerating field contains an electron bunch. Particle-in-cell simulations indicate that this approach can provide the necessary charge per bunch, bunch duration, longitudinal and transverse emittance, and repetition rate for high average power FELs operating in the IR regime.
Pleckstrin Homology Domains of Phospholipase C-γ1 Directly Interact with β-Tubulin for Activation of Phospholipase C-γ1 and Reciprocal Modulation of β-Tubulin Function in Microtubule Assembly (2004)

Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1) has two pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, an N-terminal domain and a split PH domain. Here we show that pull down of NIH3T3 cell extracts with PLC-gamma1 PH domain-glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry, identified beta-tubulin as a binding protein of both PLC-gamma1 PH domains. Tubulin is a main component of microtubules and mitotic spindle fibers, which are composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers in all eukaryotic cells. PLC-gamma1 and beta-tubulin colocalized in the perinuclear region in COS-7 cells and cotranslocated to the plasma membrane upon agonist stimulation. Membrane-targeted translocation of depolymerized tubulin by agonist stimulation was also supported by immunoprecipitation analyses. The phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) hydrolyzing activity of PLC-gamma1 was substantially increased in the presence of purified tubulin in vitro, whereas the activity was not promoted by bovine serum albumin, suggesting that beta-tubulin activates PLC-gamma1. Furthermore, indirect immunofluorescent microscopy showed that PLC-gamma1 was highly concentrated in mitotic spindle fibers, suggesting that PLC-gamma1 is involved in spindle fiber formation. The effect of PLC-gamma1 in microtubule formation was assessed by overexpression and silencing PLC-gamma1 in COS-7 cells, which resulted in altered microtubule dynamics in vivo. Cells overexpressing PLC-gamma1 showed higher microtubule densities than controls, whereas PLC-gamma1 silencing with small interfering RNAs led to decreased microtubule network densities as compared with control cells. Taken together, our results suggest that PLC-gamma1 and beta-tubulin transmodulate each other, i.e. that PLC-gamma1 modulates microtubule assembly by beta-tubulin, and beta-tubulin promotes PLC-gamma1 activity.
Direct Evidence that C-Peptide Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry Bind to the gp41 N-Helical Domain in Receptor-Activated Viral Envelope (2003)

While it has been established that peptides modeling the C-helical region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 are potent in vivo inhibitors of virus replication, their mechanism of action has yet to be determined. It has been proposed, but never directly demonstrated, that these peptides block virus entry by interacting with gp41 to disrupt the formation or function of a six-helix bundle structure. Using a six-helix bundle-specific monoclonal antibody with isolate-restricted Env reactivity, we provide the first direct evidence that, in receptor-activated viral Env, C-peptide entry inhibitors bind to the gp41 N-helical coiled-coil to form a peptide/protein hybrid structure and, in doing so, disrupt native six-helix bundle formation.
50 years of progress in microphone arrays for speech processing (2004)

In the early 1980s, Jim Flanagan had a dream of covering the walls of a room with microphones. He occasionally referred to this concept as acoustic wallpaper. Being a new graduate in the field of acoustics and signal processing, it was fortunate that Bell Labs was looking for someone to investigate this area of microphone arrays for telecommunication. The job interview was exciting, with all of the big names in speech signal processing and acoustics sitting in the audience, many of whom were the authors of books and articles that were seminal contributions to the fields of acoustics and signal processing. If there ever was an opportunity of a lifetime, this was it. Fortunately, some of the work had already begun, and Sessler and West had already laid the groundwork for directional electret microphones. This talk will describe some of the very early work done at Bell Labs on microphone arrays and reflect on some of the many systems, from large 400-element arrays, to small two-microphone arrays. These microphone array systems were built under Jim Flanagan’s leadership in an attempt to realize his vision of seamless hands-free speech communication between people and the communication of people with machines.
GPS signal reception under snow cover: A pilot study establishing the potential usefulness of GPS in avalanche search and rescue operations (1997)

Avalanches are one of the major threats to life in high-mountain terrain and account every year for approximately 150 accidents causing injury or death in the United States alone. Every year avalanches cause significant property damages and a death toll of approximately 15 people in the United States. The specific characteristic of the avalanche accident is the extreme importance of getting to the buried victim as soon as, possible to improve survival. Approximately 40% of all buried victims survive 1 hour, and only about 20% survive 2 hours. Newer studies from Europe indicate that the initial survival probability is 92% at 15 minutes, 30% at 35 minutes, 27% at 90 minutes, and finally drops to 3% at 130 minutes. Unless prompt and efficient search and rescue are ensured, the prospect of buried victims is rather grim. Many tools have been used in the past to aid in retrieving buried victims including the avalanche cord, probing techniques, and in more recent time, the use of electronic beacon devices that allow search teams to locate the buried victim. The advent of satellite navigational aids (GPS, GLONASS) makes it possible to determine one's position with remarkable accuracy. We studied the degree to which the GPS satellite signal could penetrate through snow and be received by a commercially available GPS receiver. This information may lead to the development of an additional tool for precise and quick localization of buried victims in avalanche accidents and thus may substantially improve their survival by shortening the search time at the accident site. In this study we used a Motorola Traxar six-channel GPS receiver with amplifier unit connected to an antenna by means of a shielded coaxial cable. The antenna was buried under incremental covers of compact snow, and the reception of the GPS signal was measured at each burial depth: 5 cm, 15 cm, 25 cm, 35 cm, 45 cm, 55 cm, 1 m, and 1.5 m. The variables that were measured included signal quality, number of satellites received by the receiver, and their respective signal strength. A reference reading was taken from the GPS receiver above the testing site before measurements under snow cover were started. The satellite signals were received with good quality and precise readings up to a burial depth of 1 m. Under 1.5 m of snow the receiver was able to lock on only one satellite, making a positional reading impossible. The reception of the GPS signals under snow cover is possible and warrants further study directed toward the development of a search and rescue device using this technology.
Identification of nodal signaling targets by array analysis of induced complex probes (2001)

Nodal signaling controls germ layer formation, left-right asymmetry, and patterning of the brain in the vertebrate embryo. Cellular responses to Nodal signals are complex and include changes in gene expression, cell morphology, and migratory behavior. Only little is known about the genes regulated by Nodal signaling. We designed a subtractive screening strategy by using a constitutively active Nodal receptor to identify putative target genes of Nodal signals in the early gastrula of zebrafish embryos. By quantitative analysis of macro-array hybridizations, 132 genes corresponding to 1.4% of genes on the entire macro-array were identified, which were enriched in the Nodal-induced probe pool. These genes encode components of signal transduction pathways, transcription regulators, proteins involved in protein metabolism but also cytoskeletal components and metabolic enzymes, suggesting dramatic changes of cell physiology in gastrula cells in response to Nodal signals.
A Visible-Light Foundry Platform from AIM Photonics (2023)

We report on a new the nitride-only photonic integrated circuit platform at AIM Photonics optimized for visible and near-infrared wavelengths (500 nm to 1000 nm). Waveguide propagation loss, passive component performance, and sensing are discussed.
Fabrication of tapered graded-refractive-index micropillars using ion-implanted-photoresist as an etch mask (2014)

Thermally reflowed photoresist is used as an etch mask in inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of dielectric graded-refractive-index (GRIN) coatings. The coatings have varying compositions of TiO2 and SiO2 and are used to fabricate GRIN micropillars with tapered sidewalls. The effects of ion implantation on the dry-etch-resistance of photoresist are investigated for Si, N, and Ar ion implantation. Compared with the unimplanted photoresist, the implanted photoresists show enhanced dry-etch-resistance under fluorine chemistry (CHF3 and O2). The etch rate of the Si-implanted photoresist is 72% lower than that of the unimplanted photoresist. The measured depth of modification of the photoresist is in good agreement with the trend predicted by ion-implantation-simulation software. Using Si-implanted photoresist as an etch mask, five-layer GRIN micropillars with tapered sidewalls are fabricated.
Organometallic Chemistry in Water (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nucleotide Sequence of the S-Acyl Fatty Acid Synthase Thioesterase Gene and Its Tissue-Specific Expression (1988)

S-Acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase causes the production of short-chain acids in mammary glands and avian uropygial glands. Southern blot analysis indicated that the duck genome probably has a single copy of the thioesterase gene. The thioesterase gene with its flanking regions was cloned in lambda Charon 35 and sequenced. This 9-kb gene consists of seven exons which showed complete homology with the cDNA sequence. Within the 1.1-kb 5'-flanking region were a series of six adjacent potential stem-and-loop structures. A search for steroid hormone receptor binding sites revealed no putative binding sites within the 5'-flanking region of this gene. However, putative binding sites for progesterone, glucocorticoid, and estrogen receptors were found within the first intron. Within a 370-bp segment, eight putative binding sites were found, along with both CCAAT and TATA box sequences. The adjacent putative hormone binding sites might play a functional role in the regulation of expression of this gene. Slot blot analysis showed that this gene is highly expressed specifically in the uropygial gland, though transcripts could be detected in testes, kidney, brain, and liver.
Green’s function estimation using secondary sources in a shallow water environment (2003)

This work provides a new way to measure the Green's function between two points in an acoustic channel without emitting a pulse by any of the two points. The Green's function between A and B is obtained from a set of secondary sources in the guide by averaging either the correlation or the convolution of the signals received in A and B. A theoretical approach based on mode propagation in a monochromatic regime is presented. Results are then extended to the time domain. Estimation of the Green's function is performed numerically in a range-independent and a range-dependent environment. Application to discreet acoustic communications is discussed.
Formation of Iron (III) Trimesate Xerogel by Ultrasonic Irradiation (2022)

Abstract Fe−BTC materials have attracted vast attention owing to their high chemical stability, adaptable synthesis, and potential applications. Herein, we describe, for the first time, the preparation of iron trimesate gels by ultrasonic (US) irradiation of an aqueous solution of Iron (III) nitrate and trimesic acid. Two different procedures were used: (1) sonication for 10 or 20 minutes, (2) 3 minutes sonication under controlled pH (pH 3–5). After drying, stable Fe−BTC xerogels were obtained from both procedures. The xerogels consisted of interconnected spherical nanoparticles with similar microstructure when analyzed by FT‐IR and PXRD and similar thermal behavior under oxygen in the range of 25–900 °C. When analyzed by Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption at 77 K, all samples showed a permanent porosity with a narrow micropore distribution below 10 Å. Different textural properties were found among samples obtained with the same procedure. The product of 10 minutes sonication had a specific surface area (SSA) of 1042 m 2 /g.