gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of high biomass concentrations on alkane solubilities (2000)

Alkane solubilities were measured experimentally for high-density biomass. The resulting Henry's law constants for propane were found to decrease significantly for both dense yeast suspensions and an actual propane-degrading biofilm consortium. At the biomass densities of a typical biofilm, propane solubility was about an order of magnitude greater than that in pure water. For example, a dense biofilm had a propane Henry's law constant of 0.09+/-0.04 atm m(3) mol(-1) compared to 0.6+/-0.1 atm m(3) mol(-1) measured in pure water. The results were modeled with mixing rules and compared with octanol-water mixtures. Hydrogels (agar) and salts decreased the alkane solubility. By considering a theoretical solubility of propane in dry biomass, estimates were made of intrinsic Henry's law constants for propane in pure yeast and biomass, which were 13+/-2 and 5+/-2 atm kg biomass mol(-1) for yeast and biofilm consortium, respectively.
Comment on “Nonlinear quantum effects in electromagnetic radiation of a vortex electron” (2022)

This comment on the paper by Karlovets and Pupasov-Maksimov [Phys. Rev. A 103, 012214 (2021)] addresses their criticism of the combined experimental and theoretical study by Remez et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 060401 (2019)]. We show, by means of simple optical arguments as well as numerical simulations, that the arguments raised by Karlovets and Pupasov-Maksimov do not hold in the experimental regime reported by Remez et al. Further, we discuss a clarification for the theoretical derivations presented by Karlovets and Pupasov-Maksimov, as they hold only when the final state of the emitting electron is observed in coincidence with the emitted photon. Although this scenario is feasible and may stimulate new experimental regimes that do correspond to the predictions reported by Karlovets and Pupasov-Maksimov, it is not the common scenario in cathodoluminescence, where only the light is measured. Upon lifting the concerns regarding the experimental regime reported by Remez et al., and explicitly clarifying the electron postselection, we believe that the paper by Karlovets and Pupasov-Maksimov may constitute a valuable contribution to the problem of spontaneous emission by shaped electron wave functions, as it presents new expressions for the emission rates beyond the ubiquitous paraxial approximation.
Synthesis of the anti and syn Isomers of Thieno[f,f ‘]bis[1]benzothiophene. Comparison of the Optical and Electrochemical Properties of the anti and syn Isomers1 (2005)

We report isomer-pure synthesis of thieno[2,3-f:5,4-f ']bis[1]benzothiophene and thieno[3,2-f:4,5-f ']bis[1]benzothiophene, the anti and syn isomers of a pentacyclic compound consisting of alternating thiophene and benzene rings. The optical and electrochemical properties of both are reported. In the anti isomer, the ribbonlike embedding of three thiophene units leads to a near-planar molecule with favorable pi-pi stacking behavior in the solid state as shown by X-ray crystal structure analysis.
Case 16-2005 (2005)

A nine-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of headache, papilledema, visual changes, and vomiting. The headaches had begun 18 months before admission, and enuresis 9 months before admission, followed by decreased visual acuity. A neurologist had found bilateral papilledema. On admission, the blood pressure was 210/130 mm Hg. A pediatric intensivist and a pediatric nephrologist discuss the urgent treatment and diagnostic evaluation of a child with hypertension.
ADAPT demonstrations of onboard large-divert Guidance with a VTVL rocket (2014)

The Autonomous Ascent and Descent Powered-Flight Testbed (ADAPT) is a closed-loop, free-flying testbed for demonstrating descent and landing technologies of next-generation planetary landers. The free-flying vehicle is the Masten Space Systems Xombie vertical-takeoff, vertical-landing suborbital rocket. A specific technology ADAPT is demonstrating in the near-term is Guidance for Fuel-Optimal Large Diverts (G-FOLD), a fuel-optimal trajectory planner for diverts during powered descent, which is the final kilometers of descent to landing on rocket engines. Previously, ADAPT used Xombie to fly optimal large-divert trajectories, extending Xombie's divert range to 750 m. However, these trajectories were planned off-line with G-FOLD. This paper reports the successful Xombie flight demonstrations of large diverts using G-FOLD on board to calculate divert trajectories in real time while descending. The culminant test flight of the last year was an 800 m divert that was initiated at an altitude of 290 m while moving away from and crosswise to the landing pad. Hence, G-FOLD had to calculate a constrained divert trajectory that reversed direction, was fully three-dimensional, with horizontal motion nearly three times the initial altitude, and it did so in ~100 ms on board Xombie as it was descending. Xombie then flew the divert trajectory with meter-level precision, demonstrating that G-FOLD had planned a trajectory respecting all the constraints of the rocket-powered vehicle. The steps to reach this flight demonstration of on-board generation of optimal divert trajectories and the system engineering for future ADAPT payloads are also presented.
An architecture for distributed video applications based on declarative networking (2012)

Video surveillance applications are examples of complex distributed coalition tasks. Real-time capture and analysis of image sensor data is one of the most important tasks in a number of military critical decision making scenarios. In complex battlefield situations, there is a need to coordinate the operation of distributed image sensors and the analysis of their data as transmitted over a heterogeneous wireless network where bandwidth, power, and computational capabilities are constrained. There is also a need to automate decision making based on the results of the analysis of video data. Declarative Networking is a promising technology for controlling complex video surveillance applications in this sort of environment. This paper presents a flexible and extensible architecture for deploying distributed video surveillance applications using the declarative networking paradigm, which allows us to dynamically connect and manage distributed image sensors and deploy various modules for the analysis of video data to satisfy a variety of video surveillance requirements. With declarative computing, it becomes possible for us not only to express the program control structure in a declarative fashion, but also to simplify the management of distributed video surveillance applications.
Trading Space for Time in Undirected s-t Connectivity (1994)

Aleliunas et al. [20th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 1979, pp. 218–223] posed the following question: “The reachability problem for undirected graphs can be solved in log space and $O(mn)$ time [m is the number of edges and n is the number of vertices] by a probabilistic algorithm that simulates a random walk, or in linear time and space by a conventional deterministic graph traversal algorithm. Is there a spectrum of time-space trade-offs between these extremes?” This question is answered in the affirmative for sparse graphs by presentation of an algorithm that is faster than the random walk by a factor essentially proportional to the size of its workspace. For denser graphs, this algorithm is faster than the random walk but the speed-up factor is smaller.
OC16.01: Quantitative analysis of uterine peristalsis for prediction of pregnancy in IVF patients: external validation of the WAVES method (2021)

To assess features of uterine contractility associated with pregnancy n IVF/ICSI patients prior to embryo transfer (ET) by using a previously developed quantitative speckle tracking transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) measurement tool. This study is part of a completed multi-centre randomised placebo-controlled trial (IMPLANT 1 – NCT02310802) in IVF patients (n=247) carried out in 2015. Our study retrospectively assessed a combined set of a) IMPLANT 1 patients (n=42) receiving placebo with good quality TVUS recordings and b) previously gathered prospective data from 16 IVF patients at the Ghent University Hospital. Subjects were < 37 years with normal uteri, undergoing Day 3 ET on Day 3, with evidence of uterine contractions. Patients underwent TVUS 4 h and immediately before ET. Contraction frequency, amplitude, power and coordination were measured by applying dedicated speckle tracking and strain analysis. Coordination was measured by Hausdorff distance metric to assess the presence of simultaneous movements of the anterior and posterior uterine walls, a lower value reflected increased coordination. The Shapiro–Wilk and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to compare features between groups. 34% of patients achieved clinical pregnancy. The median (IQR) frequency of uterine contractions was 1.63 (0.23) in the pregnant group vs 1.70 (0.17) in the non-pregnant group (p = 0.012). The median (IQR) coordination (Hausdorff distance metric) was 32.65 (3.85) in the pregnant group versus 35.88 (8.04) in the non-pregnant group (p = 0.0197). No difference in contraction amplitude or power. These results confirmed our initial findings that coordination and frequency are the most important features associated with successful pregnancy after ET. These results validate the WAVES method for quantitatively assessing uterine peristalsis, and consolidate the results of our previous pilot study that coordination and frequency are important uterine contraction features for the prediction of successful pregnancy.
Thermal hydraulics model for Sandia's annular core research reactor (1988)

A thermal hydraulics model was developed for the Annular Core Research Reactor (ACRR) at Sandia National Laboratories. The coupled mass, momentum and energy equations for the core were solved simultaneously using an explicit forward marching numerical technique. The model predictions of the temperature rise across the central channel of the ACRR core were within {+-} 10 percent agreement with the in-core temperature measurements. The model was then used to estimate the coolant mass flow rate and the axial distribution of the cladding surface temperature in the central and average channels as functions of the operating power and the water inlet subcooling. Results indicated that subcooled boiling occurs at the cladding surface in the central channels of the ACRR at power levels in excess of 0.5 MW. However, the high heat transfer coefficient due to subcooled boiling causes the cladding temperature along most of the active fuel rod region to be quite uniform and to increase very little with the reactor power. (author)
Influence of Lateral Refractive Index Profiles on the Divergence Angle of Gain-Guided Broad-Area Laser Diode Bars (2018)

A numerical model for high-power diode lasers is employed to predict the lateral divergence angle over current for one emitter out of a laser array. The calculated values are compared to experimental data and comments are made regarding the guiding mechanisms in the device.
How I cannulate the bile duct (2017)

Publication Information This article is being published jointly in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Endoscopy. Copyright © 2017 by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Synthesis of Spiroimides of Pharmacologic Interest (1984)

Spimimides of fluorene, indane and cyclopentane have been prepared as potential anticonvulsant agents.Certain azaspirane derivatives of fluorene are also reported.Previous reports fmm this and other laboratories have presented the synthesis of spimsuccinb i d e s with pharmacologic
Markov reliability models for digital flight control systems (1989)

The reliability of digital flight control systems can often be accurately predicted using Markov chain models. The cost of numerical solution depends on a model's size and stiffness. Acyclic Markov models, a useful special case, are particularly amenable to efficient numerical solution. Even in the general case, instantaneous coverage approximation allows the reduction of some cyclic models to more readily solvable acyclic models. After considering the solution of single-phase models, the discussion is extended to phased-mission models. Phased-mission reliability models are classified based on the state restoration behavior that occurs between mission phases. As an economical approach for the solution of such models, the mean failure rate solution method is introduced. A numerical example is used to show the influence of fault-model parameters and interphase behavior on system unreliability.
Visual analytics of terrorist activities related to epidemics (2011)

The task of the VAST 2011 Grand Challenge was to investigate potential terrorist activities and their relation to the spread of an epidemic. Three different data sets were provided as part of three Mini Challenges (MCs). MC 1 was about analyzing geo-tagged microblogging (Twitter) messages to characterize the spread of an epidemic. MC 2 required analyzing threats to a computer network using a situational awareness approach. In MC 3 possible criminal and terrorist activities were to be analyzed based on a collection of news articles. To solve the Grand Challenge, insight from each of the individual MCs had to be integrated appropriately.
Epigenetic Control of the Vasopressin Promoter Explains Physiological Ability to Regulate Vasopressin Transcription in Dehydration and Salt Loading States in the Rat (2016)

The synthesis of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is sensitive to increased plasma osmolality and a decreased blood volume, and thus is robustly increased by both dehydration (increased plasma osmolality and decreased blood volume) and salt loading (increased plasma osmolality). Both stimuli result in functional remodelling of the SON and PVN, a process referred to as functional-related plasticity. Such plastic changes in the brain have recently been associated with altered patterns of DNA methylation at CpG (cytosine-phosphate-guanine) residues, a process considered to be important for the regulation of gene transcription. In this regard, the proximal Avp promoter contains a number of CpG sites and is recognised as one of four CpG islands for the Avp gene, suggesting that methylation may be regulating Avp transcription. In the present study, we show that, in an immortalised hypothalamic cell line 4B, the proximal Avp promoter is highly methylated, and treatment of these cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine to demethylate DNA dramatically increases basal and stimulated Avp biosynthesis. We report no changes in the expression of DNA methyltransferases, Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a, whereas there is decreased expression of the demethylating enzyme ten-eleven-translocation 2, Tet2, in the SON by dehydration and salt loading. We found higher methylation of the SON Avp promoter in dehydrated but not salt-loaded rats. By analysis of individual CpG sites, we observed hypomethylation, hypermethylation and no change in methylation of specific CpGs in the SON Avp promoter of the dehydrated rat. Using reporter gene assays, we show that mutation of individual CpGs can result in altered Avp promoter activity. We propose that methylation of the SON Avp promoter is necessary to co-ordinate the duel inputs of increased plasma osmolality and decreased blood volume on Avp transcription in the chronically dehydrated rat.
Polarization diversity-enabled LOS/NLOS identification via carrier phase measurements (2023)

The provision of accurate localization is an increasingly important feature of wireless networks. To this end, a reliable distinction between line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) radio links is necessary to avoid degenerative localization estimation biases. Interestingly, LOS and NLOS transmissions affect the polarization of the received signals differently. In this work, we leverage this phenomenon to propose a threshold-based LOS/NLOS classifier exploiting weighted differential carrier phase measurements over a single link with different polarization configurations. Operation in either full or limited polarization diversity systems is possible. We develop a framework for assessing the performance of the proposed classifier, and show through simulations the performance impact of the reflecting materials in NLOS scenarios. For instance, the classifier is far more efficient in NLOS scenarios with wooden reflectors than in those with metallic reflectors. Numerical results evince the potential performance gains from exploiting full polarization diversity, properly weighting the differential carrier phase measurements, and using multi-carrier/tone transmissions. Finally, we show that the optimum decision threshold is inversely proportional to the path power gain in dB, while it does not depend significantly on the material of potential NLOS reflectors.
A 20dBm 2.4GHz digital outphasing transmitter for WLAN application in 32nm CMOS (2012)

Integration of radios in SoCs along with digital baseband and application processors is desirable for cost and form-factor reasons. Digital processors are typically implemented in the latest CMOS process to take advantage of the increased density and performance afforded by CMOS scaling. Integration of traditional RF circuits, however, requires accurate RF and passive models that typically lag behind digital transistor models by several quarters. This makes RF integration the limiting factor for time-to-market for the whole SoC, or results in sub-optimal multiple-chip solutions. Furthermore, traditional RF circuits do not benefit from scaling as digital circuits do, e.g. due to extensive use of inductors, the ever-lowering supply voltage, etc. This work presents a digital WiFi transmitter (TX) implemented in a 32nm digital CMOS process to address these issues. An outphasing architecture allows implementation of both amplitude and phase modulation using scaling-friendly, delay-based, switching phase modulators. The integrated PA was already shown to be possible to design with no RF models [1]; known issues of outphasing PA design (e.g. output impedance modulation, linearity, efficiency) are also addressed in [1]. The phase modulator uses an open-loop architecture to accommodate OFDM bandwidths up to 40MHz. The TX achieves state-of-the-art performance already in 32nm and is moreover expected to: (1) improve with scaling and (2) port easily over successive process nodes.
AUTONOMOUS MICROSYSTEMS FOR ASTROBIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT OF, AND SPACEFLIGHT RESULTS FROM, THE O/OREOS NANOSATELLITE (2012)

We designed, developed, constructed, tested, launched, and are now analyzing data telemetered from orbit by the O/OREOS (Organism/ Organic Exposure to Orbital Stresses) nanosatellite. Measuring ~10 x 10 x 34 cm and weighing 5.5 kg, O/OREOS (Figure O/OREOS comprises three conjoined 10-cm-cubes, each a fully integrated microsystem: a "bus" including communications, power, and control functions; the Space Environment Survivability of Living Organisms (SESLO) experiment, and the Space Environment Viability of Organics (SEVO) experiment. We will present results from SEVO's real-time analysis of the photostability of organics and biomarkers over space exposure times of one year, and SESLO's data on the survival and metabolic activity of microorganisms at 3 timepoints spanning 6 months.
Thermodynamic calculations of the graphitization of carbon blacks (1990)

A thermodynamic model is presented to account for the nongraphitizing behavior of small (&amp;lt;200 Å) carbon black particles. Only pure carbon is considered, hence no compositional effects are included in these calculations. The ungraphitized carbon black particle is modeled as concentric turbostratic spheres of graphene layers. The partially graphitized particle is modeled to consist of a graphitic dodecahedral shell and a spherical turbostratic core. Free-energy differences are calculated between a fully turbostratic particle and a partially graphitized particle. The temperature dependence of the free-energy difference has not been included in these calculations. It is found that the effective activation barrier to graphitization increases with decreasing particle size. The concepts developed in this model are extended to explain the nongraphitizing behavior of all hard carbons.
Pancreatic Cancer (2021)

Carcinoma of the pancreas is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Most patients with pancreatic carcinoma present clinically with abdominal pain, with jaundice, or with protean symptoms related to the distant effects of the carcinoma. More recently, octreotide scanning and ultrafast echo-planar MRI have also shown promise in imaging the pancreas. Most neoplasms do not cause symptoms and cannot be detected using standard imaging techniques until they are at least 1 cm in size. Despite the striking histological appearance of early neoplasms of the pancreas, histological changes cannot form the basis of a screening test for early pancreatic neoplasia. The expression of other genes may also form the basis of screening tests for pancreatic cancer. Currently, no organizations have recommended routine screening for pancreatic cancer.
Figure S7 from Delivering Type I Interferon to Dendritic Cells Empowers Tumor Eradication and Immune Combination Treatments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combination treatments of orthotopic 4T1 tumors with Clec9A-mAFN do not cause toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
Calibration-Free Estimates of Batch Process Yields and Detection of Process Upsets Using in Situ Spectroscopic Measurements and Nonisothermal Kinetic Models:  4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine- Catalyzed Esterification of Butanol (2004)

In this paper, we report the use of an NIR fiber-optic spectrometer with a high-speed diode array for calibration-free monitoring and modeling of the reaction of acetic anhydride with butanol using the catalyst 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine in a microscale batch reactor. Acquisition of spectra at 5 ms/scan gave information relevant for modeling these fast batch processes with a single multibatch kinetic model. Nonlinear fitting of a first-principles model directly to the reaction spectra gave calibration-free estimates of time-dependent concentration profiles and pure component spectra. The amount of catalyst was varied between different batches to permit accurate estimation of its effect in the multiway model. A wide range of different models with increasing complexity could be fit to each batch individually with low residuals and apparent low lack of fit. However, only one model properly estimated the concentration profiles when all five batches were fitted simultaneously in a multiway kinetic model. Inclusion of on-line temperature measurements and use of an Arrhenius model for the estimated rate constant gave significantly improved model fits compared to an isothermal kinetic model. Augmentation of prerun batches with data from an additional batch permitted model-based forecasts of reaction trajectories, reaction yield, reaction end points, and process upsets. One batch with added water to simulate a process upset was easily detected by the calibration free process model.
Comprehensively Study on a Ballistic-Injection AND-type Flash Memory Cell (2006)

In this paper, a novel ballistic-injection AND-type (BiAND) split gate flash memory, with a trench select gate and buried n+ source is proposed. The ballistic source side injection (BSSI) programming mechanism is performed and realized in a contactless AND array, which features high programming efficiency, 10-3–10-4 and small cell size of 5 F2. In addition, both the programming speed and read current is enhanced by the shared select gate structure. The BiAND flash memory is thus promising for low-voltage, high efficient, fast speed, scalable and high reliability non-volatile memory applications.