gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Time-Sync Protocol for Embedded Sensor Networks (2006)

Time synchronization for embedded sensor networks (ESN) is important for accurate time stamping of events and fine-tuned coordination of duty cycles to minimize power consumption. This paper presents a novel chained-ripple time synchronization (CRIT) protocol that is fast, flexible, and high-precise in ESN. CRIT adopts hierarchical and multi-hop time synchronization architecture with supporting energy-saving problem in ESN. The algorithm works in two phases. In the first phase, a horizontal structure between missionary nodes (MN) is established in the network by piggy-back neighbor time synchronization (PBNT) algorithm. In the second phase, a vertical structure between a MN and sensor nodes (SN) is set up in each sensor group (SG) by distributed depth first search (DDFS) algorithm. By applying these two phases repeatedly, all nodes in ESN efficiently synchronize to each other. For the purpose of performance evaluation, we first study the error sources of CRIT. In addition, we simulate CRIT in terms of synchronization errors of two phases and clock offset using network simulator (NS-2). The simulation results show that CRIT provides very accurate time synchronization and it can be easily expanded to real ESN
Wavelength modulation spectroscopy of single quantum dots (2002)

We demonstrate that external cavity diode lasers with large mode-hop-free tuning ranges (up to 80 GHz) together with wavelength modulation spectroscopy can be used to study excitonic transitions in semiconductor nanostructures. Such transitions are characterized by homogeneous linewidths typically on the order of a few GHz. Wavelength modulation spectroscopy offers a high signal-to-noise method for the determination of resonance line shapes. We have used this technique to accurately measure dipole moments and dephasing rates of single semiconductor quantum dot eigenstates. These measurements are important for the use of quantum dots in semiconductor cavities and quantum logic gates, and for an improved understanding of the physics of exciton confinement.
Silicon Carbide Power Module Co-Designed for Enhanced Thermal and Electrical Performance in Steady State and Transient Conditions (2020)

Abstract The demand for high power density, therefore high heat dissipation, silicon carbide power electronics modules is propelled by applications such as hybrid transportation and renewable power generation and conversion, among others. Besides a low thermal resistance, these applications require high thermal capacitance to manage transient operations. The Package Integrated Cyclone COoler (PICCO) is an additively manufactured, thermal energy storing cooler codesigned by GE Research (GRC) in collaboration with the US Army Research Lab (ARL). The key aspect of PICCO is its capability to swirl a two-phase coolant, i.e. liquid-gas. The centrifugal field creates a radial pressure gradient inducing buoyancy. The strong radial acceleration to which the fluid is subject forces relatively cold flow outward to reach the hot wall, thus boosting the heat transfer, while hot flow and bubbles migrate inward and the two-phase system is nearly isothermal (thermal storage). In this paper, we introduce a novel power module package which brings together silicon carbide devices, Power OverLay (POL) wirebondless interconnect, and two-phase swirling flow in an additively manufactured cooler. Various embodiments of this power module structure are presented along with a discussion on their thermal behavior when subjected to a hybrid vehicle drive cycle.
MultiQG-TI: Towards Question Generation from Multi-modal Sources (2023)

We study the new problem of automatic question generation (QG) from multi-modal sources containing images and texts, significantly expanding the scope of most of the existing work that focuses exclusively on QG from only textual sources. We propose a simple solution for our new problem, called MultiQG-TI, which enables a text-only question generator to process visual input in addition to textual input. Specifically, we leverage an image-to-text model and an optical character recognition model to obtain the textual description of the image and extract any texts in the image, respectively, and then feed them together with the input texts to the question generator. We only fine-tune the question generator while keeping the other components fixed. On the challenging ScienceQA dataset, we demonstrate that MultiQG-TI significantly outperforms ChatGPT with few-shot prompting, despite having hundred-times less trainable parameters. Additional analyses empirically confirm the necessity of both visual and textual signals for QG and show the impact of various modeling choices.
Design and Synthesis of the First Generation of Dithiolane Thiazolidinedione- and Phenylacetic Acid-Based PPARγ Agonists (2006)

A series of novel derivatives of potent antioxidant vitamin, alpha-lipoic acid, and related analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their PPARgamma agonist activities. Compounds 9a and the water soluble analogue11e were found to be potent PPARgamma agonists. Compound 9a appeared to have a significant role in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing triglyceride levels in fa/fa rats as well as inhibited proliferation of a variety of normal and neoplastic cultured human cell types. These novel compounds may prove efficacious not only in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, but also atherosclerosis, prevention of vascular restenosis, and inflammatory skin diseases.
Testicular Effects of Isolated Luteinizing Hormone Deficiency and Reversal by Long-Term Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Treatment (2009)

peer reviewed
Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction (2022)

In this paper, we introduce zero-shot cost models which enable learned cost estimation that generalizes to unseen databases. In contrast to state-of-the-art workload-driven approaches which require to execute a large set of training queries on every new database, zero-shot cost models thus allow to instantiate a learned cost model out-of-the-box without expensive training data collection. To enable such zero-shot cost models, we suggest a new learning paradigm based on pre-trained cost models. As core contributions to support the transfer of such a pre-trained cost model to unseen databases, we introduce a new model architecture and representation technique for encoding query workloads as input to those models. As we will show in our evaluation, zero-shot cost estimation can provide more accurate cost estimates than state-of-the-art models for a wide range of (real-world) databases without requiring any query executions on unseen databases. Furthermore, we show that zero-shot cost models can be used in a few-shot mode that further improves their quality by retraining them just with a small number of additional training queries on the unseen database.
The High Horse and the Low Road (2004)

Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say, we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns — the ones we don't know we don't know. And if one looks throughout the history of our country and other free countries, it is the latter category that tend to be the difficult ones.Donald Rumsfeld
Lecture demonstrations in acoustics (1992)

A series of lecture demonstrations in acoustics will be given to students from various levels of the New Orleans School System. Attendance and participation by members of the Society are welcome.
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER TO POWDER RATIO TO THE RESISTANCE FOR SULFURIC ACID OF HARDENED CALCIUM ALUMINATE CEMENT CONTAINING BLAST FURNACE SLAG (2012)

シリカフュームとポリカルボン酸系高性能減水剤を組み合わせて低水粉体比とし、高炉スラグを混和したアルミナセメント硬化体の耐硫酸性に及ぼす水粉体比の影響を検討した。水粉体比を0.2以下とすると表層の剥離を伴う著しい劣化を生じるが、水粉体比0.3程度の場合に最も優れた耐硫酸性を有し、水粉体比には最適値があることを見出した。水粉体比が0.2以下では、生成物が3CaO・Al2O3・6H2Oであることと未反応のCaO・Al2O3が多量に残存しており、これらと硫酸との反応により二水セッコウが生成する場合には、それぞれ1.91倍と2.63倍に体積が膨張するため表層の剥離が生じると推察した。
Bortezomib sensitizes multiple myeloma to NK cells via ER-stress-induced suppression of HLA-E and upregulation of DR5 (2018)

Although the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has significantly improved the survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the disease remains fatal as most patients eventually develop progressive disease. Recent data indicate that MM cells can evade bortezomib-induced cell death by undergoing autophagy as a consequence of endoplasmatic reticulum (ER)-stress induced by proteasome inhibition. Here we show that bortezomib sensitizes MM cells to NK cell killing via two distinct mechanisms: a) upregulation of the TRAIL death receptor DR5 on the surface of MM cells and b) ER-stress induced reduction of cell surface HLA-E. The latter mechanism is completely novel and was found to be exclusively controlled by the inhibitory receptor NKG2A, with NKG2A single-positive (NKG2A<sup>SP</sup>) NK cells developing a selective augmentation in tumor killing as a consequence of bortezomib-induced loss of HLA-E on the non-apoptotic MM cells. In contrast, the expression of classical HLA class I molecules remained unchanged following bortezomib exposure, diminishing the augmentation of MM killing by NK cells expressing KIR. Further, we found that feeder cell-based <i>ex vivo</i> expansion of NK cells increased both NK cell TRAIL surface expression and the percentage of NKG2A<sup>SP</sup> NK cells compared to unexpanded controls, substantially augmenting their capacity to kill bortezomib-treated MM cells. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that infusion of <i>ex vivo</i> expanded NK cells following treatment with bortezomib could eradicate MM cells that would normally evade killing through proteasome inhibition alone, potentially improving long-term survival among MM patients.
The Tordis IOR Project (2007)

Abstract The idea of separating oil from water on the sea floor has been an engineer's dream for years. Now, with the Tordis IOR (increased oil recovery) project in the North Sea, Statoil and FMC Technologies with partners1 are making this dream a reality. The Tordis IOR project realises the first commercial full scale subsea separation installation in the world. Statoil expects to improve the Tordis field's recovery factor from 49 to 55 percent and to extract 35 million barrels of additional oil from the field. The Tordis field is linked to a Gullfaks C platform via 11 km pipelines. Tordis is a mature field, which produces more and more water and less oil. There is not capacity on the platform to separate the vast amount of water needed to keep Tordis in production. Installation of a subsea separation, boosting and injection (SSBI) system removes the water subsea and enable lowering the well head pressure. This is the main driver for increased oil production even if the reservoir pressures start to drop. This allows Tordis IOR to remain operative an additional 15 -17 years. Figure 1. Illustration of the subsea separation, boosting and injection (SSBI) station. Separator and desander vessels are illustrated in orange. The multiphase and water injection pumps and leakage detectors are shown in white. Note: Protection structure has been removed for better visibility. At distance the water injection well (upper left) and Pipeline inline manifold (right) can be seen. The well stream is routed to the SSBI system, where water, sand and hydrocarbons are separated. Oil and gas are pumped through a 2,3 MW multiphase pump1 to the Gullfaks C platform. The ability to handle sand is important in a mature field IOR project. The de-sanding process for Tordis is therefore designed to handle up to 500 kg sand per day. The separated sand is ejected into the water stream, downstream a 2,3 MW water injection pump1, and injected into the dump reservoir in the Utsira formation through a water injection subsea tree. Statoil has chosen a contract strategy where the SSBI technology development is handled as a normal delivery project, as opposed to a technology development project. Background A majority of Statoil's oil and gas production comes from subsea wells. Statoil has therefore been developing subsea processing equipment for more than 10 years, ranging from small, simple pumps to large compressors that are still under development. The strategy has been to develop the technology incrementally and test it out thoroughly (topside) prior to installation. In this way, Statoil has gradually increased the power of electric motors, the step-out distance from topside facilities, water depths, and the complexity of processing systems. The Tordis field at the Norwegian Continental Shelf has been producing since 1994. It is a subsea development at 200m water depth with tie-in of the production to the Gullfaks C platform in the Tampen area.
Communicating the Sum of Sources Over a Network (2013)

We consider the network communication scenario, over directed acyclic networks with unit capacity edges in which a number of sources si each holding independent unit-entropy information X <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> wish to communicate the sum ΣX <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> to a set of terminals t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> . We show that in the case in which there are only two sources or only two terminals, communication is possible if and only if each source terminal pair s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> /t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> is connected by at least a single path. For the more general communication problem in which there are three sources and three terminals, we prove that a single path connecting the source terminal pairs does not suffice to communicate ΣX <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> . We then present an efficient encoding scheme which enables the communication of ΣX <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> for the three sources, three terminals case, given that each source terminal pair is connected by two edge disjoint paths.
Antibacterial silver nanoparticles: effects on bacterial nucleic acids (2023)

Various microorganisms are located on the human skin, mucous membrane and inside the human body. Many of these microorganisms are beneficial and few are even essential, however, some pathogens are known to cause infection and have the ability to attack and damage the host tissue. Treatment of infectious bacterial disease by antibiotics is one of the major conventional strategies. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics by various mechanisms, including overexpression of efflux pumps, preventing drug penetration into the cells, genetic mutations, increased production of competitive inhibitors of antibiotics, or overexpression of enzymes that inactivate or hydrolyze antibiotics. Consequently, finding a new approach to overcome these hindrances is vital for the treatment of severe bacterial infections. Nanomaterials can be effective therapeutic compounds, with unique properties compared to bulk materials. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, particularly silver nanoparticles, have demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against most (if not all) multidrug-resistant bacteria. Several antibacterial mechanisms have been proposed for these nanoparticles, however, their interaction with bacterial nucleic acids is not completely understood, so this review discusses recent advances in this area.
Miniaturized reflectance devices for chemical sensing (2014)

This effort seeks to evaluate the potential of the TAOS TCS3200 RGB sensor chip in a reflectance configuration for use in target detection based on color changes in porphyrin indicators using alcohols as model targets. The chip was evaluated as provided by Parallax, Inc as a component of the TCS3200-DB which includes white LEDs, collimator lens, and standoffs for optimization of sensing distance. Nonlinearity in the response of the daughter board to color standards was observed. Signal noise levels were determined to be less than 1% within a given measurement and measurement-to-measurement variations of ~9% were observed. The device proved effective for detection of the color change in several porphyrins upon target exposure and for monitoring the time dependence of changes following exposure. An array of six porphyrins was used for demonstration of differential changes in response to specific targets. Proof-of-concept use of the porphyrin indicators onboard two types of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is described.
Measurement of CP Violation in B[superscript 0] → J/ψK[0 over S] Decays (2015)

Measurements are presented of the CP violation observables S and C in the decays of B[superscript 0] and [bar over B][superscript 0] mesons to the J/ψK[0 over S] final state. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb[superscript -1] collected with the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, and contains a total of 41 560 selected B[superscript 0] and [bar over B][superscript 0] decays. The analysis of the time evolution of these decays yields S = 0.731 ± 0.035(stat) ± 0.020(syst) and C = -0.038 ± 0.032(stat) ± 0.005(syst). In the standard model, S equals sin(2β) to a good level of precision. The values are consistent with the current world averages and with the standard model expectations.
<title>Design and operation of self-biased high-gain amplifier arrays for photon-counting sensors</title> (1996)

Design and operation of high-gain (&gt; 1000), low-power (&lt; 75 (mu) W), ultra low-noise amplifier arrays are presented. The amplifier array is operated in self-biased mode, such that all amplifiers are biased irrespective of threshold mismatches, and operate with low reset noise. The amplifiers are designed for possible incorporation as pixels of hybrid solid-state photon-counting sensor. The cell pitch is 30 micrometers in 1.2 micrometers CMOS technology. Design and experimental results from small arrays of the two most promising amplifier circuits are reported. Design issues for obtaining sub-electron input-referred noise from these in- pixel amplifiers are discussed. A performance summary is incorporated.
Input and output queueing ATM switch with backpressure mode and queue loss mode for nonuniform traffic (1998)

An input and output queueing ATM switch model with a backpressure (BP) mode and a queue loss (QL) mode to decrease the system delay and the cell loss probability under nonuniform traffic is proposed. In the proposed model, the QL mode is adopted if the size of the backpressure exceeds the threshold. We consider a synchronous system with Bernoulli arrivals under hot-spot traffic that consists of a single output port of higher access rate superimposed on a background uniform traffic. The system delay and cell loss probability are analyzed under hot-spot traffic. It is shown that the proposed model is useful for nonuniform traffic. We also evaluate the effects of the threshold of the backpressure size for adopting the QL mode on the performance, and consider the optimum value of the threshold. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 81(11): 14–23, 1998
Examination of phonon deformation potentials for accurate strain measurements in silicon–germanium alloys with the whole composition range by Raman spectroscopy (2016)

Abstract The phonon deformation potentials (PDPs), p and q , of Si 1− x Ge x with the whole range of the Ge concentration x were examined in detail in pursuit of accurate strain measurements by Raman spectroscopy. An oil-immersion Raman technique was adopted to extract the PDPs of Si 1− x Ge x , in which a complex sample preparation process or a stress-introduction device is not necessary. The strain-shift coefficients b LO and b TO , which can be calculated using the obtained PDPs, were compared with the values in the literature, and we suggested which values were best for application to accurate strain measurements. Ab initio calculation was also performed to understand the behavior of the PDPs throughout the whole range of x in Si 1− x Ge x .
Progress in the development of a cervical cancer vaccine (2006)

Persistent infection by 'high risk' genotypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) is necessary but not sufficient for the development of over 98% of cervical cancers. Thus the development of vaccines that prevent HPV transmission represent an important opportunity to prevent cervical cancer. There are several prophylactic HPV vaccine formulations based upon L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) currently in phase III trials and recently released data are extremely promising. However, many practical issues surrounding implementation of these vaccines need to be addressed including, who and when to vaccinate, duration of protection, and integration with current screening programs. The vaccines currently being evaluated target the two most prevalent high risk HPV types which are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancers. To increase the breadth of protection, it is likely that L1 VLPs of other viral subtypes must be included, although vaccines targeting the conserved regions of the L2 minor capsid protein warrant further exploration in this regard. In addition the vaccines nearing licensing will not combat established HPV-related disease and a therapeutic vaccine, of which there are several candidates in early stages of development, would be desirable. This review discusses the background to and progress in vaccine development and the issues surrounding the introduction of HPV vaccines.
Endemic fungal infections in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients enrolled in the Transplant‐Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) (2014)

This 5-year multicenter prospective surveillance study found that endemic mycoses occur uncommonly in SOT and HCT recipients, and that the period at risk extends for years after transplantation.
On-chip global clock distribution using directional rotary traveling-wave oscillator (2009)

We revisit the rotary clock scheme in, and firstly propose and analyze the multiple-mode operations of rotary clock structure, which can be utilized to generate multiple clock frequencies within one loop. By replacing original inverter pairs with feed-forward differential buffers and adding U-shape T-line segments, a novel rotary clock scheme is presented to guarantee the directionality of traveling wave in the closed-loop. Design tradeoffs and methodologies are discussed for this novel directional rotary clock and a 3.3 GHz, 30 pF loading rotary clock design example is given. The simulation results show that, the proposed directional rotary clock can at least reduce 34% power compared with fCV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and achieve lower power dissipation and sharper rising-edge compared with the conventional rotary clock in.
Survival of the glycosylated (2021)

Osteocalcin is a bone matrix protein that acts like a hormone when it reaches the blood, and has different effects in mice and humans.