gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Balls-into-leaves (2014)

We consider the following natural problem: n failure-prone servers, communicating synchronously through message passing, must assign themselves one-to-one to n distinct items. Existing literature suggests two possible approaches to this problem. First, model it as an instance of tight renaming in synchronous message-passing systems; for deterministic solutions, a tight bound of Θ(log n) communication rounds is known. Second, model the scenario as an instance of randomized load-balancing, for which elegant sub-logarithmic solutions exist. However, careful examination reveals that known load-balancing schemes do not apply to our scenario, because they either do not tolerate faults or do not ensure one-to-one allocation. It is thus natural to ask if sub-logarithmic solutions exist for this apparently simple but intriguing problem.
Pancreatic cancer pathology viewed in the light of evolution (2021)

One way to understand ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (pancreatic cancer) is to view it as unimaginably large numbers of evolving living organisms interacting with their environment. This "evolutionary view" creates both expected and surprising perspectives in all stages of neoplastic progression. Advances in the field will require greater attention to this critical evolutionary prospective.
A Developmental Transcriptional Network for Maize Defines Coexpression Modules (2013)

Here, we present a genome-wide overview of transcriptional circuits in the agriculturally significant crop species maize (Zea mays). We examined transcript abundance data at 50 developmental stages, from embryogenesis to senescence, for 34,876 gene models and classified genes into 24 robust coexpression modules. Modules were strongly associated with tissue types and related biological processes. Sixteen of the 24 modules (67%) have preferential transcript abundance within specific tissues. One-third of modules had an absence of gene expression in specific tissues. Genes within a number of modules also correlated with the developmental age of tissues. Coexpression of genes is likely due to transcriptional control. For a number of modules, key genes involved in transcriptional control have expression profiles that mimic the expression profiles of module genes, although the expression of transcriptional control genes is not unusually representative of module gene expression. Known regulatory motifs are enriched in several modules. Finally, of the 13 network modules with more than 200 genes, three contain genes that are notably clustered (P < 0.05) within the genome. This work, based on a carefully selected set of major tissues representing diverse stages of maize development, demonstrates the remarkable power of transcript-level coexpression networks to identify underlying biological processes and their molecular components.
Seamless Automotive Instrument Cluster (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An optical configuration has been developed which offers a seamless appearance where the display aperture is less visible in the “off” condition and is minimized in the “on” condition.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
<title>WILDFIRE custom configurable computer</title> (1995)

WILDFIRE is a commercial reconfigurable computer architecture based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. Programmers achieve high processing performance by rapidly modifying the internal hardware architecture through software to efficiently accommodate the specific processing needs of an applications. The WILDFIRE hardware and the accompanying software environment for application development and runtime operation are presented. Suitable applications for WILDFIRE and future capabilities are also discussed.
Type I T cells sensitize treatment refractory tumors to chemotherapy through inhibition of oncogenic signaling pathways (2021)

These data suggest the clinical activity of type I T cells extends beyond direct tumor killing and immune therapies designed to increase type I T cells and could be integrated into standard chemotherapy regimens to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
On Integrating Non-Intrusive Current Measurement into GaN Power Modules (2018)

Increasing the efficiency and the reliability of converters are the main goals in power electronics. This research contributes to these goals by investigating how to integrate nonintrusive current measurement into Gallium Nitride (GaN) power modules. Therefore, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations are conducted to determine the location of the sensor as well as the power electronic layout and the AC capacitor placement. These simulations and the experience gathered while working with a synchronous GaN buck converter and an anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensor board lead finally to the design of the GaN power module, which is presented in this article. The novel outcome of this project is the current sensing unit included in the power module. Based on the simulation results, it was decided to measure the current mismatch between the two parallel GaN switches for reliability assurance and circuit protection. Moreover, the sensor choice is discussed and experimental measurements with the board are presented.
Probabilistic Neural Circuits leveraging AI-Enhanced Codesign for Random Number Generation (2022)

Stochasticity is ubiquitous in the world around us. However, our predominant computing paradigm is deterministic. Random number generation (RNG) can be a computationally inefficient operation in this system especially for larger workloads. Our work leverages the underlying physics of emerging devices to develop probabilistic neural circuits for RNGs from a given distribution. However, codesign for novel circuits and systems that leverage inherent device stochasticity is a hard problem. This is mostly due to the large design space and complexity of doing so. It requires concurrent input from multiple areas in the design stack from algorithms, architectures, circuits, to devices. In this paper, we present examples of optimal circuits developed leveraging AI-enhanced codesign techniques using constraints from emerging devices and algorithms. Our AI-enhanced codesign approach accelerated design and enabled interactions between experts from different areas of the microelectronics design stack including theory, algorithms, circuits, and devices. We demonstrate optimal probabilistic neural circuits using magnetic tunnel junction and tunnel diode devices that generate an RNG from a given distribution.
Fibrocytes express several matrix metalloproteinases. Possible role in migration and homing (2010)

Circulating fibrocytes are mesenchymal progenitor cells that participate in tissue remodeling although the mechanisms involved in the migration and subsequent homing remain unclear. We hypothesized that fibrocytes should express matrix metalloproteases that facilitate their capacity for mobilization and homing. Fibrocytes were purified from CD14+ monocytes; purity of fibrocytes was ≥95% determined by flow cytometry using fibrocyte markers (Collagen I, CD45, CXCR4). Our results showed that fibrocytes expressed MMP‐2, ‐7, ‐8 and ‐9 mRNA while MMP‐1 was not detected. At protein level we found a marked release of MMP‐2, MMP‐8 and MMP‐9 to the medium and moderate amounts of MMP‐7. MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 activities were revealed by gelatin zymography. Confocal microscopy demonstrated co‐localization of MMP‐8 with type I collagen in fibrocytes. Migration toward PDGF‐B or SDF‐1α, was significantly reduced by a specific MMP‐8 inhibitor. These findings reveal for the first time that fibrocytes, express a variety of MMPs including MMP‐8 and MMP‐7, metalloproteases commonly expressed by specific cell types such as neutrophils and epithelial cells respectively. These enzymes may play a role in the process of fibrocyte migration throughout the basement membranes and the interstitial collagen matrix, and may also be implicated in fibrotic tissue remodeling.
Diamidine Activity Against Trypanosomes: The State of the Art (2008)

Aromatic diamidines and related compounds are DNA minor groove binders that have been screened against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa and show promising results. Parasitic infections are widespread in developing countries and are major contributors to human mortality and morbidity, causing considerable economic hardship. Trypanosomes are unicellular protozoan organisms that cause serious public health problems in developing countries: African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) in Africa, and Chagas disease, in Latin America. Sleeping sickness, caused by sub-species of Trypanosome brucei (T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei rhodesiense), is a fatal disease if left untreated, with about 60 million people currently at risk. Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, an important parasitic illness that affects nearly 17 million individuals in endemic areas. The fact that the available clinical drugs are expensive, toxic, require long treatment periods, frequently exhibit reduced activity towards certain parasite strains and evolutive stages, and are beginning to show development of resistance, demonstrates the urgent need for the development of new drugs for both pathologies. For some time much attention has been focused on the effect of diamidines (and related compounds) on African trypanosomes. However more recent studies have pointed to their potential activity against T.cruzi. In this review the current therapeutic state of the art of aromatic diamidines and related compounds used against T.brucei and T.cruzi is reviewed with a focus on their potential use as antiparasitic drugs for the treatment of both these important neglected diseases. Keywords: Antiparasitic activity, aromatic diamidines, chemotherapy, trypanosomes
Stardust (2006)

Performance monitoring in most distributed systems provides minimal guidance for tuning, problem diagnosis, and decision making. Stardust is a monitoring infrastructure that replaces traditional performance counters with end-to-end traces of requests and allows for efficient querying of performance metrics. Such traces better inform key administrative performance challenges by enabling, for example, extraction of per-workload, per-resource demand information and per-workload latency graphs. This paper reports on our experience building and using end-to-end tracing as an on-line monitoring tool in a distributed storage system. Using diverse system workloads and scenarios, we show that such fine-grained tracing can be made efficient (less than 6% overhead) and is useful for on- and off-line analysis of system behavior. These experiences make a case for having other systems incorporate such an instrumentation framework.
Progress toward mid-IR chip-scale integrated-optic TDLAS gas sensors (2013)

We are building prototype chip-scale low-power integrated-optic gas-phase chemical sensors based on mid-infrared (3-5&mu;m) Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS). TDLAS is able to sense many gas phase chemicals with high sensitivity and selectivity. Novel gas sensing elements using low-loss resonant photonic crystal cavities or waveguides will permit compact integration of a laser source, sampling elements, and detector in configurations suitable for inexpensive mass production. Recently developed Interband Cascade Lasers (ICLs) that operate at room temperature with low power consumption are expected to serve as monochromatic sources to probe the mid-IR molecular spectral transitions. Practical challenges to fabricating these sensors include: a) selecting and designing the high-Q microresonator sensing element appropriate for the selected analyte; b) coupling laser light into and out of the sensing element; and c) device thermal management, especially stabilizing laser temperature with the precision needed for sensitive spectroscopic detection. This paper describes solutions to these challenges.
EcoLoc (2017)

Indoor localization techniques proposed to date have assumed costly resources in terms of computation, power, or sensing modality for many wearable end-devices in the Internet of Things (IoT). To make localization a universal feature for IoT devices, we propose EcoLoc, an indoor localization system using collaborative version of Conditional Random Fields (CCRF) integrated with our encounter model to generate the most probable locations. We have implemented EcoLoc on the Android tablet and the Broadcom WICED Sense IoT platform with a lower-power MCU, miniature inertial sensors, and Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) radio. Experimental results show that while operating without the aid of beacons, compared to the non-collaborative CRF, EcoLoc can shorten the convergence distance by up to 40% on tablet, and up to 50% on the WICED-Sense while incurring an extra current consumption of 15 mA.
Supplementary Table S1 from CRISPR Screens Provide a Comprehensive Assessment of Cancer Vulnerabilities but Generate False-Positive Hits for Highly Amplified Genomic Regions (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Correlation analysis matrix displaying features that correlate most strongly with sgRNA's having off target effects.&lt;/p&gt;
Strong Functional Representation Lemma and Applications to Coding\n Theorems (2017)

This paper shows that for any random variables $X$ and $Y$, it is possible to\nrepresent $Y$ as a function of $(X,Z)$ such that $Z$ is independent of $X$ and\n$I(X;Z|Y)\\le\\log(I(X;Y)+1)+4$ bits. We use this strong functional\nrepresentation lemma (SFRL) to establish a bound on the rate needed for\none-shot exact channel simulation for general (discrete or continuous) random\nvariables, strengthening the results by Harsha et al. and Braverman and Garg,\nand to establish new and simple achievability results for one-shot\nvariable-length lossy source coding, multiple description coding and Gray-Wyner\nsystem. We also show that the SFRL can be used to reduce the channel with state\nnoncausally known at the encoder to a point-to-point channel, which provides a\nsimple achievability proof of the Gelfand-Pinsker theorem.\n
The Specificity of Adenosine 3′: 5′-Cyclic Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinase (1976)

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Estimation of Field Inhomogeneity Map Following Magnitude-Based Ambiguity-Resolved Water-Fat Separation (2022)

PURPOSE: To extend magnitude-based PDFF (Proton Density Fat Fraction) and $R_2^*$ mapping with resolved water-fat ambiguity to calculate field inhomogeneity (field map) using the phase images. THEORY: The estimation is formulated in matrix form, resolving the field map in a least-squares sense. PDFF and $R_2^*$ from magnitude fitting may be updated using the estimated field maps. METHODS: The limits of quantification of our voxel-independent implementation were assessed. Bland-Altman was used to compare PDFF and field maps from our method against a reference complex-based method on 152 UK Biobank subjects (1.5 T Siemens). A separate acquisition (3 T Siemens) presenting field inhomogeneities was also used. RESULTS: The proposed field mapping was accurate beyond double the complex-based limit range. High agreement was obtained between the proposed method and the reference in UK Biobank (PDFF bias = -0.03 %, LoA (limits of agreement) [-0.1,0.1] %; Field map bias = 0.06 Hz, LoA = [-0.2,0.3] Hz). Robust field mapping was observed at 3 T, for inhomogeneities over 300 Hz including rapid variation across edges. CONCLUSION: Field mapping following magnitude-based water-fat separation with resolved water-fat ambiguity was demonstrated in-vivo and showed potential at high field.
Structural correlations for 1H, 13C and 15N NMR coordination shifts in Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(II) chloride complexes with lutidines and collidine (2010)

(1)H, (13)C and (15)N NMR studies of gold(III), palladium(II) and platinum(II) chloride complexes with dimethylpyridines (lutidines: 2,3-lutidine, 2,3lut; 2,4-lutidine, 2,4lut; 3,5-lutidine, 3,5lut; 2,6-lutidine, 2,6lut) and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (2,4,6-collidine, 2,4,6col) having general formulae [AuLCl(3)], trans-[PdL(2)Cl(2)] and trans-/cis-[PtL(2)Cl(2)] were performed and the respective chemical shifts (delta(1H), delta(13C), delta(15N)) reported. The deshielding of protons and carbons, as well as the shielding of nitrogens was observed. The (1)H, (13)C and (15)N NMR coordination shifts (Delta(1H) (coord), Delta(13C) (coord), Delta(15N) (coord); Delta(coord) = delta(complex) - delta(ligand)) were discussed in relation to some structural features of the title complexes, such as the type of the central atom [Au(III), Pd(II), Pt(II)], geometry (trans- or cis-), metal-nitrogen bond lengths and the position of both methyl groups in the pyridine ring system.
Effects of Azadirachta excelsa on feeding behaviour, body weight and mortality of Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2003)

Abstract We investigated the effects of methanolic extracts of Azadirachta excelsa wood (SWE) at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 g l −1 against Crocidolomia binotalis . Second instars were fed a diet of cabbage leaves treated with SWE or were contacted topically with SWE. The results indicated that SWE produced significant ( p &lt; 0.05) antifeedant and contact toxicity effects. However, among the different treatments, a lesser effect on pupal weight was noted in the contact toxicity test. In most instances, untreated leaves were severely damaged, whereas leaves treated with SWE were not attacked or were only slightly damaged. Although both methods of SWE treatment caused a significantly high mortality rate, there was no difference in dose response in the range studied. Thus SWE at a concentration of 5 g l −1 was shown to be as active as that at 20 g l −1 . The results indicate that SWE is a potent antifeedant and also has toxicity against C binotalis . Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Potential Association between Rosuvastatin use and High Atazanavir trough Concentrations in Ritonavir-Treated HIV-Infected Patients (2014)

We found that patients on ATV/ritonavir given rosuvastatin concomitantly have ATV concentrations that exceed the upper therapeutic threshold of 800 ng/ml known to be associated with a high risk of experiencing ATV-related side effects. In agreement with previous findings we confirmed the lack of association between other demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, body weight and ATV exposure.
Analysis of sound activities and voice activity detection using in-car microphone arrays (2020)

In this study, we evaluate the collaboration of multiple microphone arrays installed in the interior of a car, with the aim of robustly identifying the driver's voice activities embedded in car environment noises. We first conducted preliminary analysis on the identified sound activities from the sound direction estimations by different microphone arrays arranged under the physical constraints of the car interior. Driving audio data was collected under several car environment conditions, including engine noise, road noise, air conditioner, winker sounds, radio sounds, driver's voice, passenger voices, and external noises from other cars. The driver's voice activity intervals could be identified with 97% detection rate by combining two microphone arrays, one around the “eyesight” camera system cover and the other around the driver's sun visor.
Etude d'une nouvelle lectine, la jacaline : applications en immunochimie et en immunologie cellulaire (1989)

La jacaline est une lectine extraite des graines du jaquier (artocarpus heterophyllus), qui est egalement presente dans les graines de l'arbre a pain (a. Communis). C'est une glycoproteine d'environ 45 kd, formee de deux types de sous-unites, une sous-unite glycosylee de 15 kd et l'autre non glycosylee de 12 kd, associees de facon non covalente. Des etudes thermodynamiques de liaison a differents mono- et disaccharides montrent que le meilleur ligand est le dgal- (1-3)galnac, qui est porte par diverses glycoproteines et glycosphingolipides. L'etude de la reactivite de la jacaline avec des immunoglobulines humaines montre que seules l'iga1 et l'igd sont precipitees par la lectine. Ceci s'explique par la presence de gal- (1-3)galnac au niveau de la region charniere des chaines alpha 1 et delta seulement. Par contre, dans des reactions non-precipitantes, la jacaline se lie aux iga2 des deux allotypes peut-etre par l'intermediaire de residus n-acetyllactosamine, presents dans les domaines ch2 et ch3 de la chaine alpha 2. L'exploration des proprietes mitogeniques de la jacaline envers les cellules mononuclees du sang humain, montrent que cette lectine stimule une population exprimant l'antigene cd4 en presence de monocytes syngeniques. Cette stimulation s'accompagne d'une expression de recepteurs d'il2 et d'une production d'il2. La modulation de quelques antigenes de surface tels que le cd1, le cd2, le cd3, le cd4, le cd8 et le cd38 n'inhibe pas cette stimulation. Par contre, nous n'avons pas decele de proliferation ni de differenciation des lymphocytes b et pas de proliferation des lymphocytes cd8. La specificite apparente de la jacaline pour les cellules cd4 est interessante pour l'etude de la reponse proliferative des lymphocytes provenant de patients infectes par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine. La reponse y correle avec le nombre absolu et le pourcentage de cellules cd4 (et negativement avec le p
Wireless on-demand drug delivery (2021)

Wireless on-demand drug delivery systems exploit exogenous stimuli—acoustic waves, electric fields, magnetic fields and electromagnetic radiation—to trigger drug carriers. The approach allows drugs to be delivered with controlled release profiles and minimal off-target effects. Recent advances in electronics and materials engineering have led to the development of sophisticated systems designed for specific applications. Here we review the development of wireless on-demand drug delivery systems. We examine the working mechanisms, applications, advantages and limitations of systems that are triggered by electric fields, magnetic fields or electromagnetic radiation. We also provide design guidelines for the development of such systems, including key metrics for evaluating the practicality of different smart drug delivery systems. This Review examines wireless on-demand drug delivery systems that are triggered by electric fields, magnetic fields or electromagnetic radiation, and provides design guidelines for the development of such systems.
Alcohol-Assisted Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide to Methanol Using Molecular Manganese Catalysts (2021)

Alcohol-assisted hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (CO) to methanol was achieved using homogeneous molecular complexes. The molecular manganese complex [Mn(CO)<sub>2</sub>Br[HN(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>P <sup><i>i</i></sup> Pr<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]] ([HN(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>P <sup><i>i</i></sup> Pr<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] = MACHO- <sup><i>i</i></sup> Pr) revealed the best performance, reaching up to turnover number = 4023 and turnover frequency 857 h<sup>-1</sup> in EtOH/toluene as solvent under optimized conditions (<i>T</i> = 150 °C, <i>p</i>(CO/H<sub>2</sub>) = 5/50 bar, <i>t</i> = 8-12 h). Control experiments affirmed that the reaction proceeds via formate ester as the intermediate, whereby a catalytic amount of base was found to be sufficient to mediate its formation from CO and the alcohol <i>in situ</i>. Selectivity for methanol formation reached >99% with no accumulation of the formate ester. The reaction was demonstrated to work with methanol as the alcohol component, resulting in a reactive system that allows catalytic "breeding" of methanol without any coreagents.