gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorinated Covalent Organic Framework as a Positive Tribo‐Material for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators (2023)

Abstract Along with the increasingly wide application of intelligent electronics, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), as a promising sustainable micro‐power source has attracted considerable attention recently. However, most of the reported research focuses on negative triboelectric materials, while research on alternative positive tribo‐layers is still limited. In this study, a new highly fluorinated covalent organic framework (COF) Tp‐TFAB is successfully synthesized and utilized as positive triboelectric materials for high‐performance TENGs. Unusually, compared with the non‐fluorinated Tp‐TAPB COF, both the pristine Tp‐TFAB COF and corresponding hybrid films with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based TENGs demonstrate much higher triboelectric performance. Especially, a PVC‐PVA/FTC TENG composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and hybrid PVA/Tp‐TFAB (PVA/FTC) films reveal much superior triboelectric performance with a short‐circuit current density of 26.34 mA m −2 , a transferred charge density of 148.5 µC m −2 , and a maximum peak power density of 8.24 W m −2 , nearly six times higher than that of the PVC‐PVA TENG. Detailed investigations revealed that the fluorinated Tp‐TFAB COF has enhanced electron donating ability, which significantly boosts the triboelectric output of TENGs. This study provides an effective strategy of chemically designing and synthesizing new alternative triboelectric materials, which will pave the way to significantly enhance the triboelectric performance of TENGs.
A cyclic AMP-dependent form of associative synaptic plasticity induced by coactivation of beta-adrenergic receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat hippocampus (1994)

Recent studies suggest that increases in intracellular cAMP increase evoked synaptic responses in area CA1 of the hippocampus. We recently reported that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in hippocampal slices potentiates cAMP responses to activation of other receptors that are positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase through Gs. It is possible that by enhancing cAMP responses, mGluRs could markedly potentiate the ability of agonists of Gs-coupled receptors to potentiate synaptic responses in area CA1. Such synergistic activation of a second messenger system could be involved in an associative form of neuronal plasticity in which simultaneous activation of two independent inputs to a cell is required for induction of a given change in synaptic transmission or neuronal excitability. We therefore tested the hypothesis that coactivation of mGluRs and a Gs-coupled receptor (the beta-adrenergic receptor) could lead to large increases in cAMP accumulation in hippocampus and thereby increase synaptic responses in area CA1. We report that coactivation of mGluRs and beta-adrenergic receptors leads to a lasting (> 30 min) increase in the amplitude of evoked population spikes at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse. This effect is not accompanied by an increase in excitatory postsynaptic currents or by a decrease in synaptic inhibition in area CA1, suggesting that it is not mediated by a lasting change in excitatory or inhibitory synaptic transmission. However, coactivation of these receptors leads to a persistent depolarization of CA1 pyramidal cells with a concomitant increase in input resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PRMT5 Associates With the FOXP3 Homomer and When Disabled Enhances Targeted p185erbB2/neu Tumor Immunotherapy (2019)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subpopulation of T cells that are specialized in suppressing immune responses. Here we show that the arginine methyl transferase protein PRMT5 can complex with FOXP3 transcription factors in Tregs. Mice with conditional knock out (cKO) of PRMT5 expression in Tregs develop severe scurfy-like autoimmunity. In these PRMT5 cKO mice, the spleen has reduced numbers of Tregs, but normal numbers of Tregs are found in the peripheral lymph nodes. These peripheral Tregs that lack PRMT5, however, display a limited suppressive function. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that FOXP3 can be di-methylated at positions R27, R51, and R146. A point mutation of Arginine (R) 51 to Lysine (K) led to defective suppressive functions in human CD4 T cells. Pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 by DS-437 also reduced human Treg functions and inhibited the methylation of FOXP3. In addition, DS-437 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor effects of anti-erbB2/neu monoclonal antibody targeted therapy in Balb/c mice bearing CT26Her2 tumors by inhibiting Treg function and induction of tumor immunity. Controlling PRMT5 activity is a promising strategy for cancer therapy in situations where host immunity against tumors is attenuated in a FOXP3 dependent manner.
A New Definition of the Term “High-Phenolic Olive Oil” Based on Large Scale Statistical Data of Greek Olive Oils Analyzed by qNMR (2021)

In the last few years, a new term, "High-phenolic olive oil", has appeared in scientific literature and in the market. However, there is no available definition of that term regarding the concentration limits of the phenolic ingredients of olive oil. For this purpose, we performed a large-scale screening and statistical evaluation of 5764 olive oil samples from Greece coming from >30 varieties for an eleven-year period with precisely measured phenolic content by qNMR. Although there is a large variation among the different cultivars, the mean concentration of total phenolic content was 483 mg/kg. The maximum concentration recorded in Greece reached 4003 mg/kg. We also observed a statistically significant correlation of the phenolic content with the harvest period and we also identified varieties affording olive oils with higher phenolic content. In addition, we performed a study of phenolic content loss during usual storage and we found an average loss of 46% in 12 months. We propose that the term high-phenolic should be used for olive oils with phenolic content > 500 mg/kg that will be able to retain the health claim limit (250 mg/kg) for at least 12 months after bottling. The term exceptionally high phenolic olive oil should be used for olive oil with phenolic content > 1200 mg/kg (top 5%).
Development of one-step TaqMan® real-time reverse transcription-PCR and conventional reverse transcription-PCR assays for the detection of equine rhinitis A and B viruses (2012)

The newly developed rRT-PCR and cRT-PCR assays provide improved diagnostic capability for the detection and differentiation of ERAV and ERBV. However, a larger number of clinical specimens will need to be tested before each assay is adequately validated for the detection of ERAV and/or ERBV in suspect cases of either viral infection.
Biological Stereoselectivity of Atropisomeric Natural Products and Drugs (2013)

Selected examples of natural product and drug atropisomers that exhibit stereoselectivity towards receptor and enzyme targets are reviewed. The atropisomeric preference of the receptors and enzyme binding domains makes these agents attractive molecules for drug development in the treatment of various diseases. Included are commonly recognized atropisomers containing a chiral biaryl axis along with some less common examples of atropisomers without a biaryl axis. The biological targets include: antiapoptotic proteins; bacteria; microtubules; kinases; vasopressin receptors; a G-protein coupled receptor related to obesity; monocarboxylate transporters; tachykinin NK1 -receptors; cyclooxygenase-1 and squalene synthase.
A systematic approach to multiple inheritance implementation (1993)

Multiple inheritance is commonly believed to increase the expressive power of a programming language, but to slow down efficiency of message sends even in case of single inheritance. This paper shows that none of these arguments hold. First, a technique to express the effect of multiple inheritance in terms of single inheritance is described. Based on this technique an efficient implementation of multiple inheritance is constructed. The resulting implementation does not slow down single inheritance and, in case of multiple inheritance, is more efficient than widely used implementations.
Role of the capsular polysaccharide as a virulence factor for Streptococcus suis serotype 14. (2015)

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent causing meningitis and septicemia. Although serotype 2 is the most virulent type, serotype 14 is emerging, and understanding of its pathogenesis is limited. To study the role of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of serotype 14 as a virulence factor, we constructed knockout mutants devoid of either cps14B, a highly conserved regulatory gene, or neu14C, a gene coding for uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase, which is involved in sialic acid synthesis. The mutants showed total loss of the CPS with coagglutination assays and electron microscopy. Phagocytosis assays showed high susceptibility of mutant Δcps14B. An in vivo murine model was used to demonstrate attenuated virulence of this non-encapsulated mutant. Despite the difference in the CPS composition of different serotypes, this study has demonstrated for the first time that the CPS of a serotype other than 2 is also an important antiphagocytic factor and a critical virulence factor.
Temozolomide Cocrystals with Carboxamide Coformers (2013)

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an antitumor prodrug of broad spectrum antineoplastic activity. TMZ is stable in acidic medium (pH < 4) but starts to decompose at alkaline pH (>7). In continuation of our efforts to design stable cocrystals of TMZ with partners such as organic acids (pKa 2–5) and a salt dihydrate with hydrochloric acid, we report herein TMZ cocrystals with amide coformers, e.g., isonicotinamide, nicotinamide, pyrazinamide, p-hydroxybenzamide, saccharin, and caffeine. TMZ exhibits polymorphs in the p-hydroxybenzamide cocrystal (synthon polymorphism). The occurrence of the stable conformation A of temozolomide and metastable conformation B (energy difference 1.44 kcal mol–1) in amide cocrystals is compared with the overall statistics in temozolomide cocrystal structures and polymorphs. The novel cocrystals were characterized by spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction, and thermal methods.
Non-dissipative mechanisms of radiation force and shear wave generation (2005)

We describe new mechanisms of shear stress generation in tissue by radiation force (RF) that are not related to attenuation or reflection of ultrasound waves. The suggested theoretical model is based on the five-constant theory for elastic solids that is extended to waterlike biological media. It is shown that in the absence of dissipation, a potential and linear sound beam in a homogeneous medium creates a potential radiation pressure rather than the shear stress. However, in inhomogeneous non-dissipative media, that is in a lossless medium with spatially varied linear and/or nonlinear parameters, the shear stress generation by this RF is possible. Additional non-dissipative mechanism is associated with the anharmonicity of the primary beam. Although the corresponding effect is proportional to the third power of the beam amplitude, it can be significant in the focal area. Estimates demonstrate that the contribution of the above mechanisms to the value of the generated RF can be comparable with and even exceed the classical dissipative radiation force in realistic situations. Experiments with inhomogeneous tissue mimicking phantoms are presented and experimental results are interpreted in the framework of the above theory. [Work partly supported by NIH grant.]
Modeling Coherence for Discourse Neural Machine Translation (2019)

Discourse coherence plays an important role in the translation of one text. However, the previous reported models most focus on improving performance over individual sentence while ignoring cross-sentence links and dependencies, which affects the coherence of the text. In this paper, we propose to use discourse context and reward to refine the translation quality from the discourse perspective. In particular, we generate the translation of individual sentences at first. Next, we deliberate the preliminary produced translations, and train the model to learn the policy that produces discourse coherent text by a reward teacher. Practical results on multiple discourse test datasets indicate that our model significantly improves the translation quality over the state-of-the-art baseline system by +1.23 BLEU score. Moreover, our model generates more discourse coherent text and obtains +2.2 BLEU improvements when evaluated by discourse metrics.
T1ρ can detect microstructural changes in cartilage induced by conservative interventions: a one-year randomized controlled trial (2023)

We performed a single-blind randomized clinical trial in subjects with medial knee OA to evaluate the effect of a gait modification. Primary outcomes were pain and KAM (surrogate measure of medial knee loading). We also utilized cartilage T 2 and T 1&amp;rho; to assess (micro)structural changes induced by the treatment. In the Intervention group, we observed a greater reduction in pain and KAM (reduced loading), and less increase in T 1&amp;rho; in the medial femoral compartment, potentially indicating slowed cartilage degeneration. Our study shows that quantitative cartilage MRI is a promising outcome measure in clinical trial assessing non-surgical treatment for knee OA.
Discovery of (2S,3R)-N-[2-(Pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]benzo[b]furan-2-carboxamide (TC-5619), a Selective α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist, for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders (2012)

(2S,3R)-N-[2-(Pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]benzo[b]furan-2-carboxamide (7a, TC-5619), a novel selective agonist of the α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, has been identified as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with neurological disorders. 7a demonstrated more than a thousand-fold separation between the affinities for the α7 and α4β2 receptor subtypes and had no detectable effects on muscle or ganglionic nicotinic receptor subtypes, indicating a marked selectivity for the central nervous system over the peripheral nervous system. Results obtained from homology modeling and docking explain the observed selectivity. 7a had positive effects across cognitive, positive, and negative symptoms of schizophrenia in animal models and was additive or synergistic with the antipsychotic clozapine. Compound 7a, as an augmentation therapy to the standard treatment with antipsychotics, demonstrated encouraging results on measures of negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and was well tolerated in a phase II clinical proof of concept trial in patients with schizophrenia.
Decomposition of Nitric Oxide over Barium Oxide Supported on Magnesium Oxide. 4. In Situ Raman Characterization of Oxide Phase Transitions and Peroxide Species by 18O-Labeling (1998)

Time-resolved in situ Raman spectroscopy was used to follow the decomposition of supported crystalline BaO2 into defect-rich BaO. This decomposition occurred under O2 partial pressures which were small compared to those expected from a calculated phase diagram. However, the O2 partial pressures at which this BaO2 decomposition takes place are much greater than those which are reached during the catalytic decomposition of NO over this material. Additionally, supported crystalline BaO2 was never observed during the actual catalytic reaction. Therefore, it must be concluded that crystalline BaO2 does not play a role in the catalytic reaction. In addition to crystalline BaO2, with a major Raman band at 848 cm-1 and components at 826 and 814 cm-1, another peroxide species which had a band at 947 cm-1 was identified by 18O isotopic labeling. Other bands located in this region of the spectrum may be due to peroxide ions in defect-rich BaO/BaO2; however, 18O isotope labeling did not provide definitive evidence for their assignment. The peroxide species with a Raman band at 947 cm-1 was stable only in the presence of gas-phase O2 and responded very rapidly to changes in the O2 partial pressure. Therefore, it is likely that these peroxide ions are located at or close to the surface of defect-rich BaO crystals. It was previously shown that the species responsible for the Raman band at 947 cm-1 immediately reacted with NO to form an active Ba−nitro intermediate. This peroxide species on defect-rich BaO may therefore play an important role in the catalytic decomposition of NO.
Synthesis and characterization of arylene ether imide reactive oligomers and polymers containing diaryl alkyl phosphine oxide groups (1998)

The diamine monomer bis(m-aminophenyl) methyl phosphine oxide (DAMPO) was synthesized via nitration and reduction of diphenyl methyl phosphine oxide. Rigorous purification of this monomer enabled its utilization in the synthesis of high molecular weight poly(ether imide)s. Both thermoplastic materials and thermosetting systems, endcapped with either phthalic or phenylethynylphthalic anhydride, respectively, have been produced. Major emphasis has been placed on polyimides derived from 2,2′-bis(4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) phenyl) propane dian- hydride, also known as bisphenol-A dianhydride, or BPADA. High molecular weight homo- and copolyimides based on BPADA/DAMPO had glass transition temperature values in the range of 215–223°C, and were totally amorphous. They displayed higher modulus and tensile strength values than the polyetherimide control based on meta-phenylene diamine and also generated high TGA char yields in air. Phenylethynyl crosslinkable materials were effectively cured at 380°C to produce networks that are ductile, very solvent resistant and also generate high char yields, which suggest their possible utilization in fire resistant matrix systems. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sub-1 Volt and High-Bandwidth Visible to Near-Infrared Electro-Optic Modulators (2022)

Integrated electro-optic (EO) modulators are fundamental photonics components with utility in domains ranging from digital communications to quantum information processing. At telecommunication wavelengths, thin-film lithium niobate modulators exhibit state-of-the-art performance in voltage-length product ($V_π$L), optical loss, and EO bandwidth. However, applications in optical imaging, optogenetics, and quantum science generally require devices operating in the visible-to-near-infrared (VNIR) wavelength range. In this work, we realize VNIR amplitude and phase modulators featuring $V_π$L's of sub-1 V$\cdot\,$cm, low optical loss, and high bandwidth EO response. Our Mach-Zehnder modulators exhibit a $V_π$L as low as 0.55 V$\cdot\,$cm at 738 nm, and EO bandwidths in excess of 35 GHz. Furthermore, we highlight the new opportunities these high-performance modulators offer by demonstrating the first integrated EO frequency combs at VNIR wavelengths, with over 50 lines and tunable spacing, and the first frequency shifting of pulsed light beyond its intrinsic bandwidth (up to 7x Fourier limit) by an EO shearing method.
Table S4 from MEK plus PI3K/mTORC1/2 Therapeutic Efficacy Is Impacted by <i>TP53</i> Mutation in Preclinical Models of Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S4. Molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer PDX (IRCC panel)&lt;/p&gt;
Figure S4 from Single and Dual Targeting of Mutant EGFR with an Allosteric Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Not all tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can enhance or bind at the same time as an allosteric inhibitor (AI) and co-binding of TKIs and AIs do not necessarily translate into increased drug potency.&lt;/p&gt;
Detection of fg/mL Levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A in Serum, Plasma, and Supernatant of Established Cell Models (2017)

Abstract Most immunoassays quantify cytokines with pg/mL sensitivity, which is insufficient to detect those present at low levels. MSD’s next-generation S-PLEXSM assay format was developed to quantify cytokines with fg/mL sensitivity. Here we describe measuring IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A levels in normal sera and the supernatants of model cell lines using S-PLEX assays. The assays demonstrated a dynamic range of approximately four orders of magnitude. Standard intra-plate coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 3%-15% and inter-plate CVs ranged from 8%–18%. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) was &amp;lt;1 fg/mL for all assays except IL-17A (11 fg/mL). IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were detectable in 100% of normal sera samples (n=36–75) and IL-4 was detectable in 40% of normal sera samples (n=75). The average concentrations were &amp;lt;1 pg/mL for normal samples. To confirm the sensitivity of these assays and their ability to detect native analytes, we characterized a panel of 23 cell lines that are models for cytokine secretion. As an example, the MOLT-4 cell line derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia natively expressed detectable levels of IL-2 (1,031 fg/mL), IL-4 (221 fg/mL), IL-10 (60 fg/mL), and IL-17A (30 fg/mL). The expression profiles of these cell lines confirmed the sensitivity of the S-PLEX assays. S-PLEX cytokine assays provide a 100 to 1,000-fold lower LOD than standard ELISAs, allowing the determination of baseline cytokine levels in many sample types.
Defining Treatment Response in Pediatric Tic Disorders: A Signal Detection Analysis of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (2011)

A YGTSS total tic severity score reduction of 35% or a raw total tic severity score change of 6 or 7 appears optimal for determining treatment response. A consistent definition of treatment response on the YGTSS may facilitate cross-study comparability. Practitioners can use these values for treatment planning decisions (e.g., change medications, etc.).
Alpha-synuclein antisense oligonucleotides as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease (2019)

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease with no approved disease-modifying therapies. Multiplications, mutations, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the SNCA gene, encoding alpha-synuclein protein (aSyn), either cause or increase risk for PD. Intracellular accumulations of aSyn are pathological hallmarks of PD. Taken together, reduction of aSyn production may provide a disease-modifying therapy for PD. We show that antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) reduce production of aSyn in rodent pre-formed fibril (PFF) models of PD. Reduced aSyn production leads to prevention and removal of established aSyn pathology and prevents dopaminergic cell dysfunction. In addition, we address the translational potential of the approach through characterization of human SNCA targeting ASOs that efficiently suppress the human SNCA transcript in vivo. We demonstrate broad activity and distribution of the human SNCA ASOs throughout the non-human primate brain and a corresponding decrease in aSyn cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) levels. Taken together, these data suggest that by inhibiting production of aSyn it may be possible to reverse established pathology and thus supports the development of SNCA ASOs as a potentially disease modifying therapy for PD and related synucleinopathies. Summary Antisense oligonucleotides designed against SNCA , which are progressing to the clinic, have the potential to be a disease modifying therapeutic for Parkinson’s disease patients.