gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of RF Imperfections on Interference Rejection Combining Based Black-Space Cognitive Radio (2021)

In this paper, we investigate the effects of RF transceiver’s imperfections on the multi-antenna interference rejection combing (IRC) based black-space cognitive radio (BS-CR) operation. In particular, we explore the effects of power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities and carrier frequency offset (CFO) on the blind IRC technique. The BS-CR operation mode supports effective reuse of the primary user (PU) spectrum, especially for relatively short-distance CR communication. We assume that both the PU system and the BS-CR use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms with common numerology. In this case the PU interference on the BS-CR signal is strictly flat-fading at subcarrier level, and it can be suppressed using subcarrier-wise IRC processing. Spatial sample covariance matrix-based IRC adaptation is applied during silent gaps in CR operation. We propose an analytical framework for modeling CFO effects, together with experimental study of CFO and PA nonlinearity effects. The performance of the IRC scheme is tested considering terrestrial digital TV broadcasting (DVB-T) as the primary service. The validity of the offered expressions for CFO effects are justified through comparisons with respective results from computer simulations. The effect of CFO between the primary and secondary systems is found to be critical for BS-CR operation, while the effect of CR transmitter’s nonlinearity is no worse than in basic OFDM schemes, and the PU transmitter’s nonlinearity has minor effect on BS-CR operation.
A Crowd of Your Own: Crowdsourcing for On-Demand Personalization (2014)

Personalization is a way for computers to support people’s diverse interests and needs by providing content tailored to the individual. While strides have been made in algorithmic approaches to personalization, most require access to a significant amount of data. However, even when data is limited online crowds can be used to infer an individual’s personal preferences. Aided by the diversity of tastes among online crowds and their ability to understand others, we show that crowdsourcing is an effective on-demand tool for personalization. Unlike typical crowdsourcing approaches that seek a ground truth, we present and evaluate two crowdsourcing approaches designed to capture personal preferences. The first, taste-matching, identifies workers with similar taste to the requester and uses their taste to infer the requester’s taste. The second, taste-grokking, asks workers to explicitly predict the requester’s taste based on training examples. These techniques are evaluated on two subjective tasks, personalized image recommendation and tailored textual summaries. Taste-matching and taste-grokking both show improvement over the use of generic workers, and have different benefits and drawbacks depending on the complexity of the task and the variability of the taste space.
A defect-to-yield correlation study for marginally printing reticle defects in the manufacture of a 16Mb flash memory device (2002)

This paper presents a defect-to-yield correlation for marginally printing defects in a gate and a contact 4X DUV reticle by describing their respective impact on the lithography manufacturing process window of a 16Mb flash memory device. The study includes site-dependent sort yield signature analysis within the exposure field, followed by electrical bitmap and wafer strip back for the lower yielding defective sites. These defects are verified using both reticle inspection techniques and review of printed resist test wafers. Focus/exposure process windows for defect-free feature and defective feature are measured using both in-line SEM CD data and defect printability simulation software. These process window models are then compared against wafer sort yield data for correlation. A method for characterizing the lithography manufacturing process window is proposed which is robust to both marginally printing reticle defects and sources of process variability outside the lithography module.
Community-based service location (2001)

article Share on Community-based service location Authors: Munindar P. Singh North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina State Univ.View Profile , Bin Yu North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina State Univ.View Profile , Mahadevan Venkatraman iScale, Inc., Mountain View, CA iScale, Inc., Mountain View, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 44Issue 4April 2001 pp 49–54https://doi.org/10.1145/367211.367255Published:01 April 2001Publication History 68citation1,451DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations68Total Downloads1,451Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
LAMP3 transfer via extracellular particles induces apoptosis in Sjögren’s disease (2023)

Sjögren's disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disease that affects exocrine tissues and is characterized by increased apoptosis in salivary and lacrimal glands. Although the pathogenic mechanism triggering SjD is not well understood, overexpression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) is associated with the disease in a subset of SjD patients and the development of SjD-like phenotype in mice. In this study, histological analysis of minor salivary glands of SjD patients suggested that LAMP3-containing material is being ejected from cells. Follow-on in vitro experiments with cells exposed to extracellular particles (EPs) derived from LAMP3-overexpressing cells showed increased apoptosis. Proteomics identified LAMP3 as a major component of EPs derived from LAMP3-overexpressing cells. Live-cell imaging visualized release and uptake of LAMP3-containing EPs from LAMP3-overexpressing cells to naïve cells. Furthermore, experiments with recombinant LAMP3 protein alone or complexed with Xfect protein transfection reagent demonstrated that internalization of LAMP3 was required for apoptosis in a caspase-dependent pathway. Taken together, we identified a new role for extracellular LAMP3 in cell-to-cell communication via EPs, which provides further support for targeting LAMP3 as a therapeutic approach in SjD.
Application of resonant acoustic mixing in the synthesis of vitamin C–nicotinamide variable stoichiometry cocrystals (2022)

The use of resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) to synthesize variable stoichiometry cocrystals of nicotinamide and vitamin C was investigated. Liquid assisted RAM (LA-RAM) was used to generate two polymorphs, Form I and II, of the 1 : 1 cocrystal of nicotinamide and vitamin C at a 700 mg scale using ethanol and methanol respectively as the liquid additives. LA-RAM was used to scale up polymorphs I and II of the 1 : 1 cocrystal to 20 grams. Finally, LA-RAM used was to produce a high purity 3 : 1 cocrystal of nicotinamide and vitamin C when either methanol or ethanol was used as the liquid additive. LA-RAM is demonstrated to be a scalable, environmentally friendly, ball-free method to make variable stoichiometry cocrystals.
Toxin Mediated Diarrhea in the 21st Century: The Pathophysiology of Intestinal Ion Transport in the Course of ETEC, V. cholerae and Rotavirus Infection (2010)

An estimated 4 billion episodes of diarrhea occur each year. As a result, 2-3 million children and 0.5-1 million adults succumb to the consequences of this major healthcare concern. The majority of these deaths can be attributed to toxin mediated diarrhea by infectious agents, such as E. coli, V. cholerae or Rotavirus. Our understanding of the pathophysiological processes underlying these infectious diseases has notably improved over the last years. This review will focus on the cellular mechanism of action of the most common enterotoxins and the latest specific therapeutic approaches that have been developed to contain their lethal effects.
Front Matter: Volume 9777 (2016)

A unique citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of publication.Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be
Effect of Serum and Antioxidants on the Immunogenicity of Protein Kinase C-Activated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells (2004)

Since the intrinsically poor immunogenicity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells might be a key factor in allowing them to avoid immune control mechanisms, the development of methods to enhance CLL cell immunogenicity might lead to improved disease control. The ability of CLL cells to stimulate T cells was increased significantly by the protein kinase C (PKC) agonist phorbol myristic acetate (PMA). However, under serum-free conditions, PMA-activated CLL cells died within 48 hours. Antioxidants, such as 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), or fetal calf serum could prevent the death of these cells but caused them to enter distinct states of differentiation. In the presence of 2-ME, PMA-activated CLL cells extended dendritic-like protrusions and exhibited increased T-cell stimulatory capacity. In the presence of serum, PMA-activated CLL cells developed fewer dendrites, made less IL-10 and more IL-12 p40 mRNA transcripts, and showed an increased capacity to induce IFN-gamma production by T cells. The effects of serum on the promotion of type 1 immune responses by phorbol ester-activated CLL cells were dominant and correlated with activation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Other PKC agonists, such as Bryostatin-1 and a synthetic Bryostatin analog (Picolog), had similar effects on CLL cells. The observation that CLL cells can acquire features of dendritic cells that promote type 1 immunity may find clinical application in immunotherapeutic strategies for this disease.
Optimised propeller Geometries for Low Broadband Noise (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-3219.vid This research conducts an experimental investigation of the far-field acoustic properties of propellers with different pitch values. Discussions were held regarding the underlying physical principles and how pitch value affects the noise source mechanism in propellers. The classical propeller Broadband noise model was validated and utilised as an objective input for Optimisation using a genetic algorithm in order to evaluate the propeller turbulent Boundary Layer-Trailing Edge interaction Broadband noise. Optimisation were conducted on two blade section profiles in order to reduce broadband noise and boundary layer thickness while constraining the aerodynamic properties to be within 10% increase compared to the baseline propeller blade. A low noise propeller geometry profile was achieved with minimal aerodynamic deviations from the baseline propeller. Broadband noise reduction is found to be significant in the mid frequency region (100 Hz to 3 KHz), while shifting the peak of the Broadband spectrum to higher frequencies. The optimised propeller’s overall sound power level was reduced by 3 [dB] as compared to the baseline. This was achieved by altering the upper and lower airfoil surfaces geometrically, reducing the Boundary Layer thickness and wall shear stresses at the Trailing Edge.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Approach to 1‐Thiahydantocidin. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Demonstration of Phase Change Memories devices using Ge<inf>2</inf>Sb<inf>2</inf>Te<inf>5</inf> films deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (2011)

Phase change memory technology is considered as one of the most promising resistive memory solution. One issue, however, is the high electrical current required to reset the information. Indeed large energies are mandatory for amorphization of the crystalline phase change material. It has been demonstrated that energies can be highly decreased by reduction of the active volume and confinement of the phase change material. To do so, phase change materials deposition route with high filling capacity is needed. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is well known for its high conformity. However, such a process is still a challenge for phase change materials such as Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">z</sub> (GST). In this work, (i) ALD GST films are processed and characterized and (ii) realisation of phase change memory devices using ALD GST is demonstrated on 200mm wafers.
Lithium−Benzene Sandwich Compounds:  A Quantum Chemical Study (2002)

The structures and dissociation energies of Lin·(C6H6)n+1 sandwich complexes (n = 1−6) have been investigated using quantum chemical techniques. At the G3(MP2) level of theory, the Li·(C6H6)2 complex exhibits a Jahn−Teller distortion, forming a D2h charge-separated species [C6H6-1/2−Li+−C6H6-1/2] with a surprisingly large dissociation energy of 0.85 eV, and a short benzene−benzene distance of 3.54 Å. Comparisons are made with the Li·C6H6, Li+·C6H6, and Li+·(C6H6)2 complexes. The larger (n > 1) complexes were studied at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level and were also found to have large dissociation energies, ca. 0.85 eV per Li atom, and short benzene−benzene distances (3.70 Å).
Nanoscale Effects on the Stability of the λ‐Ti3O5 Polymorph (2011)

The nanocrystalline valency-delocalized λ-phase of the binary oxide Ti(3)O(5) has recently emerged as a promising phase-change material that exhibits rapid photo-reversible optical and resistance changes at ambient temperature. Nanoscaling caused the monoclinic-λ to monoclinic charge-ordered β-phase structural instability to shift to considerably lower temperatures compared to the bulk material, and led to a broad thermal hysteresis. The structural transformation was accompanied by a large change in volume and large lattice relaxations, which imply the presence of strong electron-phonon coupling. We attribute the suppression of the phase transition to the enhanced surface energy on the nanoscale.
Why the 20% + 2 Tryptase Formula Is a Diagnostic Gold Standard for Severe Systemic Mast Cell Activation and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (2019)

Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a condition characterized by recurrent episodes of clinically relevant, systemic, severe reactions to mast cell (MC)-derived mediators released in the context of anaphylaxis or another acute MC-related event. It is important to document MC involvement in these reactions in order to establish the diagnosis MCAS. The most specific and reliable marker of systemic MC activation is an acute and substantial event-related (transient) increase in the serum tryptase level over the individual's baseline value. However, the baseline level of tryptase varies depending on the underlying disease and the genetic background. For example, an estimated 3-5% of healthy individuals exhibit duplications or multiple copies of the TPSAB1 gene encoding for alpha-tryptase, and over 30% of all patients with myeloid neoplasms, including mastocytosis, have elevated basal tryptase levels. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to adjust the event-related diagnostic (MCAS-confirming) increase in tryptase over the individual baseline in a robust approach. To address this challenge, the 20% + 2 formula was proposed by the consensus group in 2012. Since then, this approach has been validated in clinical practice by independent groups and found to be sound. In the current article, we discuss the emerging importance and value of the 20% + 2 formula in clinical practice and its role as a criterion of severe systemic MC activation and MCAS.
System-wide Genomic and Biochemical Comparisons of Sialic Acid Biology Among Primates and Rodents (2006)

Numerous vertebrate genes are involved in the biology of the oligosaccharide chains attached to glycoconjugates. These genes fall into diverse groups within the conventional Gene Ontology classification. However, they should be evaluated together from functional and evolutionary perspectives in a "biochemical systems" approach, considering each monosaccharide unit's biosynthesis, activation, transport, modification, transfer, recycling, degradation, and recognition. Sialic acid (Sia) residues are monosaccharides at the outer end of glycans on the cell-surface and secreted molecules of vertebrates, mediating recognition by intrinsic or extrinsic (pathogen) receptors. The availability of multiple genome sequences allows a system-wide comparison among primates and rodents of all genes directly involved in Sia biology. Taking this approach, we present further evidence for accelerated evolution in Sia-binding domains of CD33-related Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins. Other gene classes are more conserved, including those encoding the sialyltransferases that attach Sia residues to glycans. Despite this conservation, tissue sialylation patterns are shown to differ widely among these species, presumably because of rapid evolution of sialyltransferase expression patterns. Analyses of N- and O-glycans of erythrocyte and plasma glycopeptides from these and other mammalian taxa confirmed this phenomenon. Sia modifications on these glycopeptides also appear to be undergoing rapid evolution. This rapid evolution of the sialome presumably results from the ongoing need of organisms to evade microbial pathogens that use Sia residues as receptors. The rapid evolution of Sia-binding domains of the inhibitory CD33-related Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins is likely to be a secondary consequence, as these inhibitory receptors presumably need to keep up with recognition of the rapidly evolving "self"-sialome.
Automatic glossary extraction (2002)

This paper describes a method for automatically extracting domain-specific glossaries from large document collections. We show that, compared with current text analysis methods for extracting technical terminology from text, our extracted glossaries more successfully support applications requiring knowledge of domain concepts. After presenting our methods, we illustrate the output of GlossEx, our glossary extraction tool, and present an informal evaluation of its performance.
Investigation of the Electro-oxidation of Ethanol on Different Alloys (2004)

Introduction Ethanol is an attractive liquid fuel for polymer electrolyte fuel cell applications: it is convenient to store, it has less toxicity, it is the major renewable biofuel from fermentation of biomass, its partial oxidation products are less toxic than those of other alcohols, it posses a high theoretical mass energy density of 8.1 kWh/kg, it has an electrochemical activity comparable to that of methanol, and its permeability through the polymer electrolyte membrane is low[1-9]. Among the electrodes used to electro-oxidize ethanol, Platinum-based electrocatalysts are well-known for the electro-oxidation of organics molecules such as ethanol, but they are subject to poisoning due to the adsorbed CO molecules over the Pt which reduces drastically the catalyst activity [1-11]. Therefore, addition of other metals (M) and metal oxides (MO) such as Ru, Rh, Sn, Re, Pd, Mo, Ti, Co, Ni, CoO2, RuO2, SnO2, is necessary to improve the catalytic activity of Pt [2-12]. Several studies has shown that the addition of Ru favors the adsorption of oxygen-containing species, while at the Pt sites there are strongly adsorbed carbon containing species, thus the oxidation of those carbon species can be achieved at lower potentials [2,5,12]. Some other studies found that by adding metals such as Sn, Re, Pd the ethanol electro-oxidation is improved. [7-9] There are is still several uncertainties about the specific details of the reaction mechanisms and intermediate species formed, such as: What are the species that interact with the Pt/M sites? How can the C-C bond be broken in order to have a higher oxidation of ethanol and to improve CO2 formation? What M atoms can be used to effectively favor the complete oxidation of ethanol to CO2? The objective of this work is to investigate the electrolysis of ethanol in different Pt-M electrodes as to address these questions, leading to a better understanding of the electro-oxidation reaction of ethanol on Pt-M electrodes. Electrochemical techniques, combined with computational chemistry will be used to achieve the objectives. This work is important for the development of new alloys to improve the electro-oxidation of ethanol for fuel cell applications.
Investigation of the neon 2p collisional excitation transfer processes via CW laser collisionally induced fluorescence (2001)

We present a method for determining the 2p (in Paschen notation) collisional excitation transfer coefficients in noble gases using continuous-wave laser collisionally induced fluorescence (CW LCIF, i.e. fluorescence from an upper level which is not that of the laser transition). The technique requires isolation of the specific 2p coupling process under examination, whereby that process provides an important and quantifiable contribution to the LCIF. This is achieved by selecting appropriate laser excitation and LCIF transitions. For a neon discharge operating at pressures ranging from 1.5 to 8.0 Torr and currents from 1 to 10 mA, 2p coupling is by ground-state atom collisions and the largest coupling exists between adjacent states. We show that in certain cases excitation transfer plays an important role in the excited-state kinetics.
Toward whole cell modeling and simulation: Comprehensive functional genomics through the constraint-based approach (2007)

The increasing availability of various system-level, or so-called 'omics', datasets, in concert with existing data from the primary research literature, is facilitating the development of genome-scale metabolic models for many organisms. By incorporating the metabolic reaction stoichiometry as well as other physicochemical properties into systemic network reconstructions, these models account for the constraints that restrict an organism's phenotypic behavior. Accordingly, unlike many contemporary modeling strategies, this constraint-based modeling approach does not attempt to predict network behavior exactly; rather, it seeks to clearly distinguish those network states that a system can achieve from those that it cannot. A variety of analytical tools have been designed and developed to probe these models, thus enabling studies that investigate the metabolic capabilities of a number of organisms, that generate and test experimental hypotheses, and that predict accurately metabolic phenotypes and evolutionary outcomes. This chapter introduces the concepts that underlie the constraint-based modeling approach, and describes several of its applications with an emphasis on those potentially relevant to the drug development field. In addition, while this chapter focuses on the primary application of the constraint-based approach to date, namely in modeling metabolic networks, the latter sections of the chapter discuss its relatively recent application to modeling other cellular systems. Finally, the chapter concludes with an assessment of future directions focusing on the efforts that will be required to utilize the constraint-based approach in generating a holistic model of a viable organism.