gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD74 Expression by AML Cell Lines and Bone Marrow Specimens, and Augmented In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Anti-CD74 Antibody After Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ) Treatment (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2888 Background: CD74 (HLA-DR-associated invariant chain) is expressed alone or along with DR in a wide range of hematologic cancers and solid tumors. Humanized anti-CD74 mAb, milatuzumab (Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ), exhibits direct cytotoxicity for NHL, CLL and MM cell lines, and is undergoing clinical evaluation for treatment of these malignancies. CD74 is upregulated by interferons in hematologic and epithelial cancer cell lines. Here we present the results of our analysis of CD74 expression and function in AML, and the effect of CD74 upregulation by treatment with IFN-γ on the cytotoxicity of milatuzumab for AML cell lines. Methods: CD74 expression in bone marrow biopsy (BMB) specimens from non-M3 AML patients was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and, for the 3 human AML cell lines, by flow cytometry, with/without permeabilization and with/without IFN-γ (40 and 200 U/mL). These cell lines were also tested in proliferation assays for responses to milatuzumab, with/without IFN-γ. Also, assessment of apoptosis and cellular signaling was performed. Results: In the initial group of AML cases, 13/14 BMB specimens showed moderate to strong CD74 expression by leukemic blasts, which was mostly intracellular, usually with a perinuclear distribution. Three AML cell lines also showed moderate to strong expression of CD74, which was mostly intracellular. Without IFN-γ, surface expression of CD74 was present, but IFN-γ treatment of these 3 lines resulted in upregulation of surface CD74 by 69–117%. Much higher levels of intracellular CD74 were observed in all 3 lines (with and without IFN-γ), with IFN-γ-induced upregulation of intracellular CD74 in all 3 lines (from 85%-868%; P&lt;0.001). In 2/3 lines, IFN-γ increased milatuzumab-mediated growth inhibition (23.7 to 44.8% and -3.9 to 30.9%, P=0.01 and P&lt;0.05, respectively). Cytotoxicity was in part due to apoptosis, as significant increases in Annexin V binding (P=0.01) were observed after treatment with IFN-γ plus milatuzumab. Initial experiments addressing cellular signaling suggest a role for AKT, because phosphorylated AKT levels increased (P=0.06) in response to IFN-γ + milatuzumab. Conclusions: CD74 is expressed in AML patient specimens and in AML cell lines, with the majority of CD74 expression found intracellularly. Cell surface and cytoplasmic expression of CD74 were upregulated in AML lines after IFN-γ exposure. This increased expression resulted in increased cytotoxicity of the anti-CD74 mAb, milatuzumab, in 2/3 AML lines. This effect was through apoptosis and involved the AKT pathway. Thus, AML is another cancer type where combined IFN-γ and milatuzumab treatment may be useful. Supported in part by NIH grant PO1-CA103985 (DMG). Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
La innovación tecnológica y su incidencia en la competitividad empresarial, caso de estudio (2022)

El presente artículo procura dar lineamientos en cuanto a temas de innovación su incidencia en la competitividad empresarial en las empresas, se tomó como referencia las transformaciones dentro de los distintos tipos de escenarios existentes y forjar condiciones óptimas empresariales, la problemática es ¿cuáles son los deslices frecuentes por lo que las empresas no requieran el implemento de una innovación tecnológica afectando así su competitividad empresarial dentro de las empresas del cantón Latacunga?, la metodología a usar en esta investigación es de enfoque cuantitativa, orientada hacia la interpretación de los datos, las investigaciones centradas en los sujetos, se basan en las perspectivas del fenómeno a instruirse de modo general. El proceso de estudio es inductivo, el investigador se relaciona con los antecedentes, indaga refutaciones a interrogaciones, la técnica de investigación se respalda en las encuestas. La innovación tecnológica y la competitividad brinda asistencia al momento de dar más valor a los productos, logrando así el efecto de mejoramiento productivo, esto hace que sean más sostenibles y puedan competir dentro del mercado, también depende de las raíces culturales en que se encuentra arraigada esto provocaría una maximización o reducción en la economía, productividad y crecimiento laboral en zonas rurales. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación proporcionan evidencia tanto teórica como empírica sobre cómo la innovación tecnológica y la competitividad empresarial impulsan el desarrollo de la empresa y que en cierto grado mejoran los procesos y la toma de decisiones.
Diabetic Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (2007)

O ne of the most overlooked of all serious complications of diabetes is cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), he present report discusses the clinical manifestations (eg, resting tachycardia, orthostasis, exercise intolerance, intraoperative cardiovascular liability, silent myocardial infarction [MI], and increased risk of mortality) in the presence of CAN. It also demonstrates that autonomic dysfunction can affect daily activities of individuals with diabetes and may invoke potentially life-threatening outcomes. Advances in technology, built on decades of research and clinical testing, now make it possible to objectively identify early stages of CAN with the use of careful measurement of autonomic function and to provide therapeutic choices that are based on symptom control and that might abrogate the underlying disorder.
Potentiation of Inhaled Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Toxicity by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice (1996)

Nonhuman primates are the established model for evaluating toxic responses to staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), as they react similarly to humans. Rodents are generally considered unresponsive to SEs. Binding affinities and T-cell reactivity suggest that SE binds more efficiently to primate major histocompatability complex class II receptors than to mouse receptors. We investigated the potentiation of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) inhalation toxicity by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in BALB/c mice. Lethality occurred only when SEB was potentiated by LPS. Neither SEB nor LPS produced lethal effects alone. Temporal responses of interleukin 1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 2, and interferon-gamma evoked by inhaled SEB were enhanced by LPS. By 24 hr after intoxication, serum cytokines decreased to baseline levels, and consistent pulmonary perivascular leukocytic infiltrates were evident histologically. Histologic lesions induced by inhalation exposure to SEB by mice, with or without potentiation by LPS, were similar to those in the rhesus monkey. Predominant pulmonary lesions included severe, diffuse interstitial and alveolar pulmonary edema, leukocytic infiltrates, mild perivascular edema, and alveolar fibrin deposition. Although the mechanism of aerosolized SEB-induced toxicity has not been completely resolved, similarities in histologic lesions, cytokine responses, and acute dose-response suggest the LPS-potentiated mouse model may be a credible alternative to the nonhuman primate model.
Monoclonal antibodies to horse cytochrome c expressing four distinct idiotypes distribute among two sites on the native protein. (1985)

Antibody-secreting hybridoma cell lines produced from BALB/c mice that had been immunized with horse cytochrome c (cyt c) conjugated to hemocyanin yielded six hybridoma subclones that produced four monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with different patterns of cross-reactivity with a panel of evolutionarily variant cyt c. The recognition sites for three of these mAb lay in the same region of the intact molecule, because two of the mAb were sensitive to the amino acid residue present at sequence position 44, with one requiring threonine at position 47. The fourth mAb bound in another region of the molecule at a site that involves either residue 60 or residue 89. Synthetic peptides that included these residues did not react with these mAb, indicating that these sites may require interactions from noncontiguous regions of the molecule to bind antibody. The association constants for the interaction of the mAb with horse cyt c were very similar and of the order of 10(10) M-1. Specificity studies with anti-idiotypic sera and competition assays between mAb for binding to horse cyt c confirmed that the six positive hybridoma subclones produced from this fusion produced mAb that had one of these four distinct specificities. The idiotypes of these four mAb were serologically distinct, and were derived from Vh genes of the J558 family.
PMD and OSNR Insensitive 40-Gb/s OOK/DPSK Chromatic Dispersion Monitoring Using a Delay-Line Interferometer and a <10-GHz Photodetector (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate a chromatic dispersion monitoring technique utilizing a delay-line interferometer and a &lt;10-GHz photodetector for 40-Gb/s OOK/DPSK. Spectral shift of RF dip changing with up to 560-ps/nm-CD is measured insensitive to 23-ps-DGD and &lt;15-dB-OSNR.
Algumas propostas e regras para a Direção do Espírito no estabelecimento de uma relação entre psicanálise e (2010)

Resumo
Artigo que visa colocar as bases de uma verdadeira relacao entre a Psicanalise e a Cultura.

Palavras-Chave
Psicanalise – Cultura – Interseccao

Abstract
This paper aims to fit the bases of a real relation between Psychoanalysis and Culture.

Key-Words
Psychoanalysis – Culture - Intersection
Multibeam Dual-Circularly Polarized Reflectarray for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (2019)

This paper presents a multibeam dual-circularly polarized (CP) reflectarray for connected and autonomous vehicles. The developed reflectarray uses one aperture to realize dual-band and multibeam operation. At each frequency band, there are two simultaneously shaped beams with different circular polarizations. Totally four beams are obtained with a single feed and each of the beams can be independently controlled. A simple but effective polarization suppression technique is introduced to suppress cross polarizations at large scan angles so the CP beam of the reflectarray can be configured to point at large angles. Thus, the present reflectarray is suitable to be applied to vehicles for reliable high data-rate satellite communications. To validate the design concept, an X-band prototype was designed, fabricated, and measured. The design concept is flexible and can be applied to the design of dual-band, dual-CP reflectarray with different frequencies ratios. Moreover, the present design can also be extended to a continuous beam-steering design by incorporating phase shifters.
EphB4 signaling regulates vascular morphogenesis and permeability in adult neo-angiogenesis, both under pathological and physiological conditions (2004)

Author: Erber, R. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published in Print: 2004; Title: EphB4 signaling regulates vascular morphogenesis and permeability in adult neo-angiogenesis, both under pathological and physiological conditions
Runtime adaptive multi-factor authentication for mobile devices (2013)

The Runtime Adaptive Multi-factor authentication ENvironment (RAMEN) is a client and server-side framework that provides multi-factor authentication policy enforcement for mobile devices running iOS® and Android®. On the client side, RAMEN uses a security manager that can intercept network calls and forward them for secure authentication to a server-side proxy. The server-side proxy contains a dynamic policy engine that can be configured to choose between different authentication methods depending on the mobile context. RAMEN is an extensible framework that has interfaces to plug in different authentication methods. We describe the policy model and implementation of RAMEN. We show the value of RAMEN to developers through an implementation of location-aware security policies that can be set up to enforce security zones that relax or enhance security requirements for different applications.
MOS-capacitor-based ionizing radiation sensors for occupational dosimetry applications (2015)

Presented is the first accumulating capacitive radiation sensor for low-dose, long-term exposures observed in occupational dosimetry. The sensor's capacitance-voltage curve undergoes a semi-permanent negative shift due to ionizing radiation. By measuring the change in capacitance at a given voltage in the depletion region, the ionizing radiation that has been present on the sensor can be extracted. In order to achieve the low dose resolution required (less than 100 μGy) for occupational dosimetry, parameters such as the oxide thickness and annealing conditions are optimized. The result for a 2 mm × 2 mm sensor is 1.6 fF per 100 μGy, a capacitance shift detectable with commercial electronics.
Software support for practical grammar development (1988)

Even though progress in theoretical linguistics does not necessarily rely on the construction of working programs, a large proportion of current research in syntactic theory is facilitated by suitable computational tools. However, when natural language processing applications seek to draw on the results from new developments in theories of grammar, not only the nature of the tools has to change, but they face the challenge of reconciling the seemingly contradictory requirements of notational perspicuity and efficiency of performance. In this paper, we present a comparison and an evaluation of a number of software systems for grammar development, and argue that they are inadequate as practical tools for building wide-coverage grammars. We discuss a number of factors characteristic of this task, demonstrate how they influence the design of a suitable software environment, and describe the implementation of a system which has supported efficient development of a large computational grammar of English.
Inexact Block Coordinate Descent Algorithms for Nonsmooth Nonconvex Optimization (2019)

In this paper, we propose an inexact block coordinate descent algorithm for large-scale nonsmooth nonconvex optimization problems. At each iteration, a particular block variable is selected and updated by inexactly solving the original optimization problem with respect to that block variable. More precisely, a local approximation of the original optimization problem is solved. The proposed algorithm has several attractive features, namely, i) high flexibility, as the approximation function only needs to be strictly convex and it does not have to be a global upper bound of the original function; ii) fast convergence, as the approximation function can be designed to exploit the problem structure at hand and the stepsize is calculated by the line search; iii) low complexity, as the approximation subproblems are much easier to solve and the line search scheme is carried out over a properly constructed differentiable function; iv) guaranteed convergence of a subsequence to a stationary point, even when the objective function does not have a Lipschitz continuous gradient. Interestingly, when the approximation subproblem is solved by a descent algorithm, convergence of a subsequence to a stationary point is still guaranteed even if the approximation subproblem is solved inexactly by terminating the descent algorithm after a finite number of iterations. These features make the proposed algorithm suitable for large-scale problems where the dimension exceeds the memory and/or the processing capability of the existing hardware. These features are also illustrated by several applications in signal processing and machine learning, for instance, network anomaly detection and phase retrieval. To promote reproducible research, the simulation code is available at <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://github.com/optyang/BSCA</uri> .
Kidney Mentoring and Assessment Program for Students: a guide for engaging medical students in nephrology (2019)

We report here the experience of those chapters and a blueprint for other schools interested in setting up a similarly structured program to interest students in nephrology while working with community groups to spread awareness of the major underlying causes of kidney disease.
Loss of Cav1.2 channels impairs hippocampal theta burst stimulation-induced long-term potentiation (2020)

CACNA1 C, which codes for the Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2 isoform of L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels (LTCCs), is a prominent risk gene in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. A role forLTCCs, and Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2 in particular, in transcription-dependent late long-term potentiation (LTP) has long been known. Here, we report that elimination of Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2 channels in glutamatergic neurons also impairs theta burst stimulation (TBS)-induced LTP in the hippocampus, known to be transcription-independent and dependent on N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and local protein synthesis at synapses. Our expansion of the established role of Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2channels in LTP broadens understanding of synaptic plasticity and identifies a new cellular phenotype for exploring treatment strategies for cognitive dysfunction.
Rubus sanctusprotects against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rat isolated hepatocytes: isolation and characterization of its galloylated flavonoids (2009)

Abstract Objectives Rubus sanctus Schreb., known from the Bible as ‘holy thorn bush’, grows wild in Egypt. Rubus sanctus aqueous alcoholic extract (RE) contains a complicated phenolic mixture (ellagitanins, flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives). In this study, the phytochemical investigation of the plant was re-evaluated. Herein, we report on the isolation and identification of three galloylated flavonoids, namely kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-4C1-β-d-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-4C1-β-d-galactopyranoside and myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)- C1-β-d-galactopyranoside for the first time from the Rubus genus. We further aimed at evaluating the potential protective effects of RE against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Methods Based on an initial concentration-response experiment, a concentration of 100 μg/ml was selected to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of RE. Key findings Pretreatment with RE afforded protection as indicated by counteracting CCl4-induced cell death, and reduced glutathione depletion. In addition, RE ameliorated CCl4-induced enzyme leakage by 40% for lactate dehydrogenase, 30% for alanine aminotransferase and 20% for aspartate aminotransferase as compared with CCl4-treated cells. Moreover, RE counteracted CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and inhibited spontaneous lipid peroxidation in the control group. Conclusions In conclusion, RE protects against CCl4-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes.
Free-space optical distribution of local oscillatorsignals in aperturesynthesis radio telescope arrays (1995)

An alternative to individually phase-stabilised links for distribution of local oscillator (LO) signals in large arrays of radio telescopes is considered. An array is illuminated from an elevated optical source, intensity modulated at the LO frequency. LO phase feedback from the centre of the illuminated zone counteracts tower and atmospheric instabilities, locking a fixed phase at zone centre, and hence a template of constant phase contours around the zone centre point. Other LO detector planes are aligned to equiphase contours, providing a phase coherent LO to all telescopes aside from differential optical path effects. A local PLL at each site reduces the remaining noise from differential slant path variations.
3-D tracking and motion estimation using hierarchical Kalman filter (1997)

The authors present a novel approach to the problem of tracking and reconstructing articulated objects in 3-D space. The newly conceived computational process and its supporting data structure, the hierarchical Kalman filter (HKF) and the adaptive hierarchical structure (AHS), allow the problem to be treated in a single, unified framework. There are three novelties in the authors&apos; formulation: reducing the 3-D tracking problem to 2-D tracking; incorporating the kinematic and the dynamic properties of object; and tracking nonrigid objects. To demonstrate the appropriateness of the proposed method, the authors present some of the experimental results on both synthetic and real images.
In situ Food Microstructure Evaluation Using Confocal Microscopy (2006)

Image processing methods were developed for correcting confocal microscopy images forerrors introduced during image acquisition and subsequent three-dimensional (3-D) imagereconstruction. These include corrections for aberrations due to refractive index mismatch, lightattenuation with sample depth, uneven intensity across image layers, and image misalignment.These procedures were validated using a simulated image with different illumination conditions. Asexample applications, dynamic changes in microstructure of process cheese during heating andgelation of -lactoglobulin (whey protein) were studied in situ. The error-corrected image layers wereused to reconstruct a 3-D composite image of fat globules in cheese. The techniques presented willallow objective evaluation of in situ changes in 3-D microstructural features in different foods.
Data from FS222, a CD137/PD-L1 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody, Exhibits Low Toxicity and Antitumor Activity in Colorectal Cancer Models (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;With the increased prevalence in checkpoint therapy resistance, there remains a significant unmet need for additional therapies for patients with relapsing or refractory cancer. We have developed FS222, a bispecific tetravalent antibody targeting CD137 and PD-L1, to induce T-cell activation to eradicate tumors without the current toxicity and efficacy limitations seen in the clinic.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;A bispecific antibody (FS222) was developed by engineering CD137 antigen–binding sites into the Fc region of a PD-L1 IgG1 mAb. T-cell activation by FS222 was investigated using multiple &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; assays. The antitumor efficacy, survival benefit, pharmacodynamics, and liver pharmacology of a murine surrogate molecule were assessed in syngeneic mouse tumor models. Toxicology and the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of FS222 were investigated in a non-human primate dose-range finding study.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;We demonstrated simultaneous binding of CD137 and PD-L1 and showed potent T-cell activation across CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell activation assays in a PD-L1–dependent manner with a CD137/PD-L1 bispecific antibody, FS222. FS222 also activated T cells in a human primary mixed lymphocyte reaction assay, with greater potency than the monospecific mAb combination. FS222 showed no signs of liver toxicity up to 30 mg/kg in a non-human primate dose-range finding study. A surrogate molecule caused significant tumor growth inhibition and survival benefit, concomitant with CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell activation, in CT26 and MC38 syngeneic mouse tumor models.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;By targeting CD137 agonism to areas of PD-L1 expression, predominantly found in the tumor microenvironment, FS222 has the potential to leverage a focused, potent, and safe immune response augmenting the PD-(L)1 axis blockade.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Ein Abgasbehandlungssystem fuer Euro 4 bei Nutzfahrzeugen (2005)

Im Hinblick auf hohe Kilometerleistungen von ueber einer Million km, Wartungsfreiheit und geringen Kraftstoffverbrauch sind Wall-flow-Russpartikelfilter fuer Nutzfahrzeuge keine zuverlaessige Massnahme zur Russpartikel-Emissionsverminderung. Zur Erfuellung der Euro 4 hat die MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Gruppe Motoren mit innermotorischer NOx-Reduktion und einem Russpartikelfilter-System (PM-Kat) entwickelt. Das System mit offenen, verstopfungssicheren Stroemungskanaelen vermindert die Russpartikelemission durch kontinuierliche Oxidation des Russes. (A)