gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical properties and synthetic utility of .alpha.-alkoxyorganolithium species as studied through ligand selectivity in tin-lithium exchange (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical properties and synthetic utility of .alpha.-alkoxyorganolithium species as studied through ligand selectivity in tin-lithium exchangeJ. Scott. Sawyer, Andrew. Kucerovy, Timothy L. Macdonald, and Glenn J. McGarveyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3, 842–853Publication Date (Print):February 3, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 3 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00211a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00211a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1695Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Visualization of Diffusive Hydrogen in Low Alloy Steel by means of Hydrogen Microprint Technique at Elevated Temperatures (2009)

Hydrogen diffusion behavior of low alloy steel was visualized by means of hydrogen microprint technique. Effects of exposure time and temperature on the availability of hydrogen microprint technique were also examined. It was found that silver particles, which representing the emission site of hydrogen atoms, were distributed almost uniformly in the matrix after hydrogen charging, and that were arranged at the periphery of second phase particles such as MnS and Al2O3. Area density of the silver particles was clearly increased when the exposure time after cathodic hydrogen charging increased at room temperature or the exposure temperature was higher than room temperature, which was in agreement with the result obtained from the thermal desorption analysis. From a series of the heating experiments, it was also shown that hydrogen microprint technique would be applicable at temperatures below 120°C. After the long time exposure in the hydrogen-charged specimens, preferential accumulation of silver particles around the Al2O3 and MnS particles was identified. This suggested that hydrogen atoms were diffused not through the inside of the second phase particles but through the interface between the second phase particles and matrix phase.
Entwicklung von neuen Sequenzen mit ultrakurzen Echozeiten für die klinische Magnetresonanzbildgebung (2011)

Stoffe mit schnell zerfallendem Magnetresonanz (MR)-Signal sind mit herkommlichen MR- Sequenzen nicht darstellbar. Solche Stoffe haben meist starke Bindungen, wie im menschlichen Korper beispielsweise Sehnen, Bander, Knochen oder Zahne. In den letzten Dekaden wurden spezielle Sequenzen mit ultrakurzer Echozeit entwickelt, die Signale von diesen Stoffen messen konnen. Messungen mit ultrakurzen Echozeiten eroffnen der Kernspintomographie neue Anwendungsgebiete. In dieser Doktorarbeit werden die in der Literatur bekannten Methoden zur Messung mit ultrakurzen Echozeiten untersucht und evaluiert. Es werden zwei neue, in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Ansatze vorgestellt, die es zum Ziel haben, bestehende Probleme der vorhandenen Methoden bei robuster Bildqualitat zu losen, ohne auf Hardwareanderungen am Kernspintomographen angewiesen zu sein. Die ’Gradient Optimized Single Point imaging with Echo time Leveraging’ (GOSPEL) Sequenz ist eine Single-Point-Sequenz, die im Vergleich zu den bekannten Single-Point-Sequenzen eine stark reduzierte Echozeit ermoglicht. Es wird gezeigt, dass dadurch ein deutlich besseres Signalzu-Rausch-Verhaltnis (SNR) von Stoffen mit schnell zerfallendem Signal erreicht wird. Das Problem der sehr langen Messzeit bei Single-Point-Verfahren wird mit der ’Pointwise Encoding Time reduction with Radial Acquisition’ (PETRA) Sequenz gelost. Bei diesem Ansatz wird der k-Raum-Ausenbereich radial und das k-Raum-Zentrum single-point-artig abgetastet. Durch die Kombination beider Akquisitionsstrategien ist eine schnelle und robuste Bildgebung mit ultrakurzer Echozeit und ohne Hardwareanderungen moglich. Wie bei anderen Ansatzen sind bei der PETRA-Sequenz die Bildgebungsgradienten zum Anregungszeitpunkt bereites angeschaltet. Es wird untersucht, welchen Einfluss ungewollte Schichtselektionen auf die Bildgebung haben konnen und ein Korrekturalgorithmus entwickelt, mit dem sich dadurch entstehende Artefakte im Bild beheben lassen. Die Limitationen des Korrekturalgorithmus sowie mogliche Artefakte der PETRA-Sequenz werden untersucht und diskutiert. Erste Anwendungsbeispiele der PETRA-Sequenz bei verschiedenen Feldstarken und Applikationen werden demonstriert. Wie bei anderen Sequenzen mit ultrakurzen Echozeiten sind die Gradientenaktivitaten bei der PETRA- und GOSPEL-Sequenz gering, wodurch die Messung sehr leise sein kann. Lautstarkemessungen zeigen, dass bei Messungen mit der PETRA-Sequenz der Gerauschpegel um nur ein bis funf dB(A) im Vergleich zum Hintergrundgerauschpegel steigt. Es wird demonstriert, dass sich dadurch neue Anwendungsgebiete eroffnen konnten. Vergleichsmessungen zwischen einer T1-gewichteten PETRA- und einer MPRAGE-Messung weisen Bilder auf, die in Kontrast, Auflosung, SNR und Messzeit vergleichbar sind. Mit den in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Methoden konnten Probleme bestehender Ansatze gelost und offene Fragen beantwortet werden. Die Ergebnisse konnen helfen, Applikationen von Sequenzen mit ultrakurzen Echozeiten in der klinischen Routine weiter zu etablieren.
Top surface imaging at 157-nm (2001)

Top surface imaging (TSI) has had an interesting history. This process showed great promise in the late 1980's and several attempts were made to introduce it to full-scale manufacturing. Unfortunately, defect density problems limited the process and it fell from favor. TSI emerged again as an important part of the EUV and 193 nm strategies in the early stages of those programs because it offered a solution to the high opacity of common resist materials at both wavelengths. A flurry of research in both areas identified the seemingly insurmountable problem of line edge roughness than typical single layer resist systems. This has largely been due to the development of polymers specifically tailored for this end use. The optimum materials must be moderately transparent and have high Tg's in the silylated state. The 157nm program has much in common with the early stages of the 193nm program. The optical density of even 193nm resist materials at 157nm is far too high to allow their use in single layer applications. The less stringent optical density of even 193nm resist materials at 157nm is far too high to allow their use in single layer applications. The less stringent optical density requirements of TSI make it a potentially viable imaging scheme for use at 157nm. Various TSI materials, including the traditional poly(t-BOC- hydroxystyrene), as well as novel aliphatic cyclic polymers bearing bis-trifluoromethyl carbinol substituents, have been investigated for use at 157 nm, and smooth high-resolution images have been generated.
Meta-analysis of 28,141 individuals identifies common variants within five new loci that influence uric acid concentrations (2009)

Elevated serum uric acid levels cause gout and are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. To investigate the polygenetic basis of serum uric acid levels, we conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association scans from 14 studies totalling 28,141 participants of European descent, resulting in identification of 954 SNPs distributed across nine loci that exceeded the threshold of genome-wide significance, five of which are novel. Overall, the common variants associated with serum uric acid levels fall in the following nine regions: SLC2A9 (p = 5.2x10(-201)), ABCG2 (p = 3.1x10(-26)), SLC17A1 (p = 3.0x10(-14)), SLC22A11 (p = 6.7x10(-14)), SLC22A12 (p = 2.0x10(-9)), SLC16A9 (p = 1.1x10(-8)), GCKR (p = 1.4x10(-9)), LRRC16A (p = 8.5x10(-9)), and near PDZK1 (p = 2.7x10(-9)). Identified variants were analyzed for gender differences. We found that the minor allele for rs734553 in SLC2A9 has greater influence in lowering uric acid levels in women and the minor allele of rs2231142 in ABCG2 elevates uric acid levels more strongly in men compared to women. To further characterize the identified variants, we analyzed their association with a panel of metabolites. rs12356193 within SLC16A9 was associated with DL-carnitine (p = 4.0x10(-26)) and propionyl-L-carnitine (p = 5.0x10(-8)) concentrations, which in turn were associated with serum UA levels (p = 1.4x10(-57) and p = 8.1x10(-54), respectively), forming a triangle between SNP, metabolites, and UA levels. Taken together, these associations highlight additional pathways that are important in the regulation of serum uric acid levels and point toward novel potential targets for pharmacological intervention to prevent or treat hyperuricemia. In addition, these findings strongly support the hypothesis that transport proteins are key in regulating serum uric acid levels.
The Mechanism of Alkylation at C-24 During the C29Sterol Biosynthesis in Cucurbita maxima Seedlings (1980)

When sodium acetate [2-14C] was incubated with germinating seeds of Cucurbita maxima Duch, 49.9 °/o of the label in sterols was found in α-spinasterol, 45.5 % in 24β-ethyl-cholesta-7, 22,25-trien-3β-ol, 3.6 % in 24/3-ethyl-cholesta-7,25-dien-3β-ol and 1 % in 24, Z-ethylidene-cholest- 7-en-3β-ol. By contrast Δ7-stigmastenol, present in the seeds and in the seedlings of Cucurbita maxima, was not formed during the germination. Cycloartenol [24-3H] [26, 27-14C] was also incorporated into phytosterols by seedlings of Cucurbita maxima. From the 3H/14C ratio of the label in the sterol acetates and their degradation products, it was possible to show that the C-24 tritium atom was retained into the 24β-ethyl-cholesta-7, 22,25-trien-3β-ol and 24β-ethyl-cholesta-7,25-dien-3β-ol but it was lost in α-spinasterol.
Successful Attenuation of Venous Thrombus Growth in Rabbits after the Administration of a Novel Oral Thrombin Inhibitor (2000)

Summary Current antithrombotic compounds have several limitations in clinical practice. The present study was designed to investigate a novel orally available direct thrombin inhibitor, BSF 208791. Intravenous administration of BSF 208791 showed superior antithrombotic properties as compared with Polyethylenglycol-Hirudin (PEG-Hirudin) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in a model of venous thrombosis in rabbits. The thrombus growth was 22%, 30%, 37% and 50% after BSF 208791, PEG-Hirudin, LMWH, and saline administration, respectively. Moreover, bleeding time was less affected after administration of BSF 208791 as compared with PEG-Hirudin. The oral administration of BSF 208791 resulted in adequate bioavailability and significantly reduced venous thrombus growth to 36% as compared with 60% in the saline treated rabbits. The antithrombotic effect of BSF 208791 appears to be superior to PEG-Hirudin and LMWH without affecting the bleeding time. BSF 208791 is an orally available agent that might be a promising candidate for future antithrombotic therapy.
Exploitation of the nonlinearities in electromagnetic energy harvesting and passive UHF RFID (2016)

In this paper, some theoretical aspects and experimental results are discussed with the aim to provide supplementary dc energy to radio frequency identification (RFID) tags by exploiting the nonlinear nature of rectifier devices. Three nonlinear phenomena are treated: (i) the impedance power dependence, (ii) the harmonic production, and (iii) the dependence on the radio frequency waveform. The novelty of the work relies on proposing a double rectifier composite system in where the nonlinearity of each rectifier is exploited to enhance the global powering performance of the system. Using the passive RFID technology as a beacon for the implementation, the approach considers combining the internal rectifier circuit of a commercial RFID chip operating at 868 MHz with an external rectifier circuit operating at 2.17 GHz. The solution triggers in a composite system RFID tag-harvester integrated in a single-feed dual-band antenna. The experimental validation shows 5 dB of tag sensitivity enhancement when it is empowered by the external harvester. The enhanced sensitivity produces an increase in the theoretical reading range distance from 3.3 to 6.1 m.
Amino acid sequence of guinea pig C3a anaphylatoxin. (1988)

The anaphylatoxin peptide, C3a, was isolated in its inactive des-arginine form from complement-activated guinea pig serum and the complete amino acid sequence was determined. The peptide was isolated using a modification of previously described methods for anaphylatoxin purification and yielded 18 mg of guinea C3ades Arg judged homogeneous by cellulose acetate electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, amino acid composition, and sequence analyses. The complete amino acid sequence of the molecule was determined by automated Edman degradation of intact C3ades Arg following performic acid oxidation, and of four peptides obtained from CNBr, endoproteinase Lys-C, or endoproteinase Glu-C (V8 protease) digests of reduced and alkylated C3ades Arg. The sequence is as follows: Guinea pig C3ades Arg has approximately 70% overall sequence identity with human, porcine, rat and mouse anaphylatoxins. As with C3a's from other species, the guinea pig molecule has an invariant C-terminal tetrapeptide sequence, LGLA, and six invariant cysteinyl residues at positions 23, 24, 37, 50, 57, and 58.
Sponsors (2013)

List of sponsors of the First AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing.
Plasma channel localisation during multiple filamentation in air (2007)

It is shown by numerical simulations that multiple filamentation of a femtosecond laser pulse with a negative initial phase modulation in air leads to an increase in the density of self-induced laser plasma compared to the case when a transform-limited laser pulse of the same duration is used. Simultaneous control of the duration of the chirped pulse and the beam diameter results in an increase in the distance over which the first filament is formed, the length of the plasma channel, and its linear density.
Patterning pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (2013)

Developmental gradients of morphogens and the formation of boundaries guide the choices between self-renewal and differentiation in stem cells. Still, surprisingly little is known about gene expression signatures of differentiating stem cells at the boundaries between regions. We thus combined inducible gene expression with a microfluidic technology to pattern gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells. Regional depletion of the Nanog transcriptional regulator was achieved through the exposure of cells to microfluidic gradients of morphogens. In this way, we established pluripotency-differentiation boundaries between Nanog expressing cells (pluripotency zone) and Nanog suppressed cells (early differentiation zone) within the same cell population, with a gradient of Nanog expression across the individual cell colonies, to serve as a mimic of the developmental process. Using this system, we identified strong interactions between Nanog and its target genes by constructing a network with Nanog as the root and the measured levels of gene expression in each region. Gene expression patterns at the pluripotency-differentiation boundaries recreated in vitro were similar to those in the developing blastocyst. This approach to the study of cellular commitment at the boundaries between gene expression domains, a phenomenon critical for understanding of early development, has potential to benefit fundamental research of stem cells and their application in regenerative medicine.
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in women newly diagnosed with vulvovaginal atrophy and dyspareunia (2019)

Vulvovaginal atrophy is associated with a significantly higher prevalence/incidence of depression, major depressive disorder, and anxiety. The higher prevalence/incidence and greater differences in younger women highlight the need for a multidisciplinary approach and early diagnosis/management of vulvovaginal atrophy.
Supplementary Data from MicroRNA Expression in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus: Associations with Survival (2023)

Supplementary Data from MicroRNA Expression in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus: Associations with Survival
Broadband Microresonator-Based Parametric Frequency Comb near Visible Wavelengths (2014)

We demonstrate broadband frequency comb generation spanning over 700 nm from 830 to 1540 nm in a dispersion-engineered Si3N4 microresonator. To our knowledge, this is the broadest parametric comb generated near the visible wavelength range.
An Alternative Splicing Variant of the Selenoprotein Thioredoxin Reductase Is a Modulator of Estrogen Signaling (2004)

The selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) is an integral part of the thioredoxin system. It serves to transfer electrons from NADPH to thioredoxin leading to its reduction. Interestingly, recent work has indicated that thioredoxin reductase can regulate the activity of transcription factors such as p53, hypoxia-inducible factor, and AP-1. Here, we describe that an alternative splicing variant of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1b) containing an LXXLL peptide motif, is implicated in direct binding to nuclear receptors. In vitro interaction studies revealed direct interaction of the TrxR1b with the estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Confocal microscopy analysis showed nuclear colocalization of the TrxR1b with both estrogen receptor alpha and beta in estradiol-17beta-treated cells. Transcriptional studies demonstrated that TrxR1b can affect estrogen-dependent gene activation differentially at classical estrogen response elements as compared with AP-1 response elements. Based on these results, we propose a model where thioredoxin reductase directly influences the estrogen receptor-coactivator complex assembly on non-classical estrogen response elements such as AP-1. In summary, our results suggest that TrxR1b is an important modulator of estrogen signaling.
[Successful delivery after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia diagnosed in the second trimester]. (2020)

Development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during pregnancy is rare, and the available data are limited to small retrospective reports. Currently, no guidelines exist for the management of AML during pregnancy in Japan. A 26-year-old female was diagnosed with AML at 19 weeks of gestation, received chemotherapy with daunorubicin and cytarabine, and achieved complete remission. Following the first consolidation therapy, she gave birth to a 1964-g female infant by cesarean section at 33 weeks of gestation. One week later, she was initiated on the second consolidation therapy; however, she developed a pelvic abscess during neutropenia. She underwent urgent surgery for open drainage and recovered soon after surgery. She has been in complete remission for eight months, and the daughter is healthy. Chemotherapy delivered after the second trimester rarely causes congenital malformations and may not require the termination of pregnancy. The clinical course of the present case suggests that chemotherapy can be performed safely and effectively in pregnant patients with AML after the trimester and babies.
Joint admission control and resource allocation in cognitive code-division networks (2012)

We consider the problem of joint admission control and resource allocation in a secondary code-division network coexisting with a narrow-band primary system. Our objective is to find the maximum number of admitted secondary links and then find the optimal transmitting powers and code sequences of those secondary links such that the total energy consumption of the secondary network is minimized subject to the conditions that primary interference temperature constraints, secondary Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) constraints and secondary peak power constraints are all satisfied. This is an NP-hard optimization problem which motivates the development of efficient suboptimal algorithms. We propose a novel iterative algorithm to solve this problem in a computationally efficient manner. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides excellent solutions that result in large admitted percentage of secondary links and high energy efficiency.
Cytotoxicity of acridine compounds for Leishmania promastigotes in vitro (1992)

The effect of mammalian and bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitors on Leishmania promastigotes was studied in vitro. Parasites were incubated with drugs, and cytotoxicity was assessed on the basis of the loss of flagellar motility and cell lysis after 48 h. 9-Aminoacridines, which are structurally related to the known antileishmanial compounds quinacrine and chlorpromazine, showed activity against the parasite at concentrations in the range of 10 to 20 microM. Adriamycin showed far less activity, while etoposide and several quinolones were inactive at 100-microM concentrations. These results demonstrate that a particular structural class of compounds is cytotoxic to Leishmania species. The unique structure-activity relationship discovered suggests that leishmanial topoisomerase II could be a useful target for chemotherapy.
2,3-O-Isopropylidene-L-apiono-1,4-lactone [(3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-4,5-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one] (2007)

The relative configuration of the title compound, C8H12O5, was unequivocally established by X-ray crystallographic analysis; the absolute configuration was determined by the use of d-ribose as a starting material.
A Novel, Highly Selective Anion-Exchange Column Prepared by Binding Pd2+to an Immobilized Ligand (1991)

Abstract A novel anion-exchange material was created by binding Pd2+ to a neutral, bidentate ligand which was covalently bonded to silica gel. A two-site binding model was used to describe the anion binding. This anion-exchange material exhibits selectivities among anions which are generally orders of magnitude greater than those of classical ion-exchange resins because of the use of metal-ligand interactions. The ligand-Pd2+-iodide complex is deeply colored. This fact was used to develop a simple colorimetric iodide analysis column. The iodide analysis column is convenient and simple, but it suffers from interferences and a small range of analyzable iodide concentrations.
[Knee joint endoprosthesis]. (2001)

Total knee replacement is increasing in number due to increased life expectancy and improved implants. [figure: see text] Degenerative changes (arthritis) and joint destruction based on polyarthritis and posttraumatic deformities are the common indications. There are basically four modes for knee replacement: Unicompartimental prosthesis, non-constrained, semi-constrained (posterior stabilized) and constrained total knee arthroplasty. Of major importance in knee alloarthoplasty are restitution of the correct limb axis, sufficient lateral ligaments and the restoration of the patellofemoral joint. Therefore particularly in cases with deformities an extensive soft tissue release is mandatory. A meticulous operative technique and versatile implants lead to good clinical outcome. Possible complications are still septic and aseptic implant loosening as well as wound infections.