gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae to Human β-Defensins Is Influenced by Lipooligosaccharide Acylation (2002)

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) lipooligosaccharide htrB mutants exhibited greater than 45-fold-increased sensitivity to human beta-defensin 2 (HBD-2) compared to the wild type. Complementation by htrB in trans to acylation competence reversed this increased sensitivity. In contrast, NTHI was more susceptible to HBD-3 and showed no changes in sensitivity as a result of lipooligosaccharide mutations in oligosaccharide and lipid A biosynthesis genes.
Paging Algorithm For Cost-Effective Location Management In Multiple Access Network Environment (2008)

This paper proposes paging algorithm to manage location management in multiple access network environments. We investigate the existing paging algorithm and propose cost-effective paging algorithm to reduce the number of cells in paging area.
Patient Perceptions of Physician Reimbursement for Spine Surgery (2013)

Patients think that orthopedic spine surgeons should be compensated over 10 to 20 times more than current Medicare reimbursement rates. Patients overestimate the actual amount that Medicare reimburses by a factor of approximately 7 to 10. Less than 10% of patients think that the current Medicare payment is about right, and less than 2% think that surgeons are overpaid.
Single Channel Speech Separation Using Factorial Dynamics (2007)

Human listeners have the extraordinary ability to hear and recognize speech even when more than one person is talking. Their machine counterparts have historically been unable to compete with this ability, until now. We present a model-based system that performs on par with humans in the task of separating speech of two talkers from a single-channel recording. Remarkably, the system surpasses human recognition performance in many conditions. The models of speech use temporal dynamics to help infer the source speech signals, given mixed speech signals. The estimated source signals are then recognized using a conventional speech recognition system. We demonstrate that the system achieves its best performance when the model of temporal dynamics closely captures the grammatical constraints of the task.
Operational and research aspects of a radio-controlled model flight test program (1995)

The operational and research aspects of a subscale, radio-controlled model flight test program are presented. By using low-cost free-flying models, an approach was developed for obtaining research-quality vehicle performance and aerodynamic information. The advantages and limitations learned by applying this approach to a specific flight test program are described. The research quality of the data acquired shows that model flight testing is practical for obtaining consistent and repeatable flight data.
Thermal Control of Amide Product Distributions at the Ge(100)-2×1 Surface (2006)

We have investigated the adsorption of a series of primary, secondary, and tertiary amides including formamide, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide on the Ge(100)-2×1 surface using multiple internal reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory. At 310 K, primary and secondary amides were observed to form thermodynamically favored N−H dissociation structures with interdimer interactions as well as kinetically favored oxygen dative-bonded structures. The relative surface product distributions could be controlled thermally. Dative-bonded adducts were isolated by exposing the amides to the surface at 240 K, whereas N−H dissociation products were formed by annealing to 450 K. While the acetamides could potentially form “-ene” type products, such products were not observed and instead the acetamides exhibited the same reactivity pattern as the formamides in this study.
IEEE Visualization and Graphics Technical Committee (VGTC) (2016)

Provides a listing of the Technical Committee members for this issue of the publication.
Impact of external magnetic field on embedded perpendicular STT-MRAM technology qualified for solder reflow (2017)

External magnetic field resistance under write, read operations for perpendicular STT-MRAM qualified for 260°C solder reflow is comprehensively reported for the first time. We show that the most critical polarization direction is writing from parallel to anti-parallel state with external field opposed to both the final free layer direction and the bottom pinned layer direction. It is also found that free layer failure to switch is the major cause rather than unexpected pinned layer flipping. Furthermore, various key factors including temperature, write condition and MTJ film stack are also studied here. Finally, we demonstrate that a low chip failure rate of 0.001 ppm can be achieved with an ECC scheme for external magnetic fields up to 240 Oe at 85°C.
Analysis of Interleukin-2-dependent Signal Transduction through the Shc/Grb2 Adapter Pathway (1995)

The interleukin (IL)-2 receptor system has previously been shown to signal through the association and tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc. This study demonstrates that the IL-2 receptor beta (IL-2R beta) chain is the critical receptor component required to mediate this effect. The use of IL-2R beta chain deletion mutants transfected into a Ba/F3 murine cell model describes a requirement for the IL-2R beta "acid-rich" domain between amino acids 315 and 384 for Shc tyrosine phosphorylation and receptor association. COS cell co-transfection studies of IL-2R beta chain constructs containing point mutations of tyrosine to phenylalanine along with the tyrosine kinase Jak-1 and a hemagglutinin-tagged Shc revealed that the motif surrounding phosphorylated tyrosine 338 within the acid-rich domain of the IL-2R beta is a binding site for Shc. Deletion of this domain has previously been shown to abrogate the ability of IL-2 to activate Ras but does not affect IL-2-dependent mitogenesis in the presence of serum. Proliferation assays of Ba/F3 cells containing IL-2R beta chain deletion mutants in serum-free medium with or without insulin shows that deletion of the acid-rich domain does not affect IL-2-driven mitogenesis regardless of the culture conditions. This study thus defines the critical domain within the IL-2R beta chain required to mediate Shc binding and Shc tyrosine phosphorylation and further shows that Shc binding and phosphorylation are not required for IL-2-dependent mitogenesis. Neither serum nor insulin is required to supplement the loss of induction of the Shc adapter or Ras pathways, which therefore suggests a novel mechanism for mitogenic signal transduction mediated by this hematopoietin receptor.
A 3-axis force balanced accelerometer using a single proof-mass (2002)

This paper presents a new method for wideband force balancing a proof-mass in multiple axes simultaneously. Capacitive position sense and force feedback are accomplished using the same air-gap capacitors through time multiplexing. Proof of concept is experimentally demonstrated with a single-mass monolithic surface micromachined 3-axis accelerometer.
Lamellarin D Bioconjugates II: Synthesis and Cellular Internalization of Dendrimer and Nuclear Location Signal Derivatives (2009)

The design and synthesis of Lamellarin D conjugates with a nuclear localization signal peptide and a poly(ethylene glycol)-based dendrimer are described. Conjugates 1-4 were obtained in 8-84% overall yields from the corresponding protected Lamellarin D. Conjugates 1 and 4 are 1.4- to 3.3-fold more cytotoxic than the parent compound against three human tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-231 breast, A-549 lung, and HT-29 colon). Besides, conjugates 3 and 4 showed a decrease in activity potency in BJ skin fibroblasts, a normal cell culture. Cellular internalization was analyzed, and a nuclear distribution pattern was observed for 4, which contains a nuclear localization signaling sequence.
Fig Supp 7 from HDAC6 Plays a Noncanonical Role in the Regulation of Antitumor Immune Responses, Dissemination, and Invasiveness of Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fig Supp 7&lt;/p&gt;
SCFT Study of Nonfrustrated ABC Triblock Copolymer Melts (2007)

The phase behavior of ABC triblock copolymer melts is studied by self-consistent-field theory (SCFT). We focus on “nonfrustrated” triblocks, in which the Flory−Huggins interaction parameter χAC between the end blocks is significantly larger than that between the middle and either end block, i.e., χAC ≫ χAB ∼ χBC. Such systems tend to form ordered structures with no AC interface. Complete phase triangles at fixed values of the products χijN are presented for a model with χAB = χBC ≪ χAC and for a model with parameters chosen to represent poly(isoprene-b-styrene-b-ethylene oxide) copolymers that have recently been studied experimentally. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the orthorhombic O70 network phase and the reasons for its existence as well as to the sensitivity of the predicted phase behavior to changes in the χ parameters.
Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Infants and Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis (2016)

Abnormal glucose tolerance is notably prevalent among young children with cystic fibrosis. Children with cystic fibrosis lack the normal increase in insulin secretion that occurs in early childhood despite increased glucose. These findings demonstrate that glycemic abnormalities begin very early in cystic fibrosis, possibly because of insufficient insulin secretion.
Thermochemical properties from ab initio calculations: π‐ and σ‐Free radicals of importance in soot formation: •C3H3 (propargyl), •C4H3, •C13H9 (phenalenyl), •C6H5 (phenyl), •C10H7 (naphthyl), •C14H9 (anthryl), •C14H9 (phenanthryl), •C16H9 (pyrenyl), •C12H7 (acenaphthyl), and •C12H9 (biphenylyl) (2008)

Abstract The calculated difference in the standard heat of formation Δ Δ f H°(298.15) of n ‐ and i ‐C 4 H 3 • free radicals is 37.9 kJ mol −1 for G3MP2B3 and 45.0 kJ mol −1 for CCSD(T)‐CBS (W1U) calculations, which seems to preclude the direct even‐carbon radical pathway to benzene and higher PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) formation including soot in a hydrocarbon flame. For the phenyl‐type σ‐radicals listed in the title, absolute values of Δ f H°(298.15) have been calculated using G3MP2B3‐computed values of bond dissociation energies D°(298.15) and combined with experimental values of Δ f H° (298.15) for the parent hydrocarbon because of a slight systematic overprediction of the thermodynamic stability of large PAHs by the applied computational G3MP2B3 method. Standard enthalpies of formation Δ f H°(298.15) as well as absolute entropies S° and heat capacities C° p are given for a series of π‐ and σ‐free radicals important to combustion as a function of temperature. A spread of roughly 40 kJ mol −1 in the average CH bond strength of PAH leading to σ‐radicals has been calculated, the lowest leading to 4‐phenanthryl (463.6 kJ mol −1 ), the highest leading to 2‐biphenylyl radical (502.5 kJ mol −1 ). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 40: 395–415, 2008
Corrigendum: Identifying a missing lineage driver in a subset of lung neuroendocrine tumors (2018)

In the above-mentioned Outlook article, there was an error in Figure 1.INSM1 was mistakenly listed in the panel with the POU2F3 high tumors.As is clearly reported in the primary study (Huang et al. 2018), INSM1 is notably absent in the POU2F3 high subtype of lung neuroendocrine tumors.The corrected figure is provided below and has been corrected online.
Application of synthetic aperture focusing to short-lag spatial coherence (2012)

It has been demonstrated that short-lag spatial coherence (SLSC) ultrasound imaging can provide improved SNR and CNR compared to conventional B-mode images, especially in the presence of noise and clutter. Application of the van Cittert-Zernike theorem predicts that coherence between the ultrasound echoes received across an array is reduced signi?cantly away from the transmit focal depth, leading to a limited axial depth of ?eld in SLSC images. Transmit focus throughout the ?eld of view can be achieved using synthetic aperture methods to combine multiple transmit events into a single ?nal image. We propose the application of these methods to create synthetically focused channel data to be used to create an SLSC image that will have an extended axial depth of ?eld comparable to B-mode images. Experimental results in a phantom and in vivo are presented and compared to both B-mode images and dynamic receive focused SLSC images, demonstrating improved SNR and CNR away from the transmit focus and an enlarged axial depth of ?eld.
A Microfluidic Technique for Quantification of Steroids in Core Needle Biopsies (2015)

Core needle biopsy (CNB) sampling is known to be inexpensive and minimally invasive relative to traditional tissue resectioning. But CNBs are often not used in analytical settings because of the tiny amount of sample and analyte. To address this challenge, we introduce an analytical method capable of multiplexed steroid quantification in CNB samples-those studied here ranged in mass from 2 to 8 mg. The new method uses digital microfluidics to extract steroids from CNB tissue samples (including a solid-phase extraction cleanup step) followed by analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The method has limits of detection of 3.6, 1.6, 5.8, and 8.5 fmol for estradiol, androstendione, testoterone, and progesterone, respectively. We propose that future generations of this method may be useful for regular quantification of steroids in core needle biopsy samples of breast tissue to inform dosage and timing of antihormone or hormone replacement therapies as part of a personalized medicine approach to treating a variety of hormone-sensitive disorders.
Robust On-line Junction Temperature Estimation of IGBT Power Modules based on Von during PWM Power Cycling (2019)

Estimation of the junction temperature Tj is key for protection, diagnostics and prognostics of power IGBT modules. Requirements are low-cost, low calibration effort, low intrusiveness, high accuracy, and high robustness. The objective of this paper is to present an on-line Tj estimation method using low load-current pulses for IGBTs and diodes based on the onstate voltage Von as a Temperature Sensitive Electrical Parameter (TSEP). It associates for the first time a calibration, a model, a pulse generation, a measurement and a robustness tuning to generate an estimation with highest performances. The implemented auto-calibration procedure relies on a reduced set of 3-dimensional data. The temperature estimation method is validated on a PWM switching converter, whereby the interruption of the nominal process is shorter than 100us. The estimations are compared to the measurements taken with infrared camera, with error smaller than ±3°C. In addition, a simple analytical on-line method is proposed to correct the errors caused by successive wire-bond lift-off, attributable to the natural ageing of the module, and maintain it within less than ±2°C. The on-line, accurate, robust and practical implementation of Von as a TSEP, as demonstrated in this paper, is intended for condition monitoring of power semiconductor modules in power cycling and field applications.
Treatment of renal anemia by subcutaneous erythropoietin in children with preterminal chronic renal failure (1993)

Eleven children aged 0.6-17 years with preterminal chronic renal failure and anemia (mean serum creatinine concentration 4.8 mg/dl; mean hemoglobin concentration 7.9 g/dl) were treated with sc injections of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO, initial dose 150 U/kg/week) over a mean period of 13 months. When a target hemoglobin concentration of 11.5-13.5 g/dl was reached, the dose was adapted. Iron deficiency was corrected. Hemoglobin concentration increased by > 2 g/dl in all patients within 14-119 (mean 45) days. The last maintenance dose ranged between 75 and 300 (mean 133) U/kg/week. No major adverse effects were observed, except for hypertension which occurred in about half of the patients and necessitated interruption of EPO in one child with advanced renal failure. Additional antihypertensive drugs were given to five patients. Body height increased in two patients by 0.6 and 1.3 SDS/year, respectively. In six patients with a mean observation period of 14 months before and 16 months after the start of EPO, the mean slope of the reciprocal serum creatinine concentration curve improved slightly (p = 0.05). The proposed schedule appears to be safe for the treatment of renal anemia in most pre-dialysis patients. Frequent monitoring of hemoglobin, blood pressure, serum creatinine and ferritin is required.
33 PRE-AND POST-IMPLANTATION DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYOS CLONED FROM PORCINE SKIN-DERIVED SPHERE STEM CELLS (2007)

Although transgenic animals have been successfully cloned, the process is still inefficient. One of the limitations is the use of somatic donor cells that have a limited lifespan. If a genetic modification is made, the selection process must be initiated and completed rapidly or the cells will undergo senescence. Identification of a stem cell that would proliferate rapidly and not undergo senescence would prove to be very valuable. Here we report attempts at cloning by using porcine skin-derived sphere stem cells to determine if they are a suitable donor cell type. Skin-derived stem cells were isolated from fetal skin and express the neural progenitor marker NES, as well as genes that may be critical for pluripotency such as POU5F1 and STAT3. The skin-derived stem cells proliferate rapidly in vitro and retain a normal karyotype after long-term culture. In the present study, skin-derived stem cells were cultured and frozen in liquid nitrogen from passage 1 to passage 8. To investigate the developmental potential of the skin-derived stem cells, we performed nuclear transfer (NT) and compared their preimplantation developmental efficiency to that of the embryos derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF). Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from antral follicles of ovaries from prepubertal gilts. Approximately, groups of 50-70 COCs were matured in vitro in 500 µL TCM-199 per culture well for 40–44 h at 38.5°C, in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. The donor cells were thawed and cultured one day before NT; skin-derived stem cells were pipetted vigorously in PBS-EDTA to isolate individual cells. For IVF, cryopreserved ejaculated spermatozoa were thawed and washed and then resuspended with fertilization medium (mTBM). The MII oocytes were co-incubated with sperm for 6 h, and then transferred to PZM3 and cultured. For NT and IVF, respectively, the percent cleavage at 48 h in PZM3 was 64.9 ± 8.2% (169/208) and 62.1 ± 3.1% (94/184) ( P &amp;gt; 0.05), the percent blastocysts after 6 days was 21.5 ± 5.8% (53/208) and 25.2 ± 3.4% (46/184) ( P &amp;gt; 0.05), and the number of nuclei per blastocyst was 28.5 ± 1.9 (NT, maximum was 58) and 16.8 ± 4.0 (IVF, maximum was 31) ( P &amp;lt; 0.05). To determine development post-implantation, some cloned embryos were cultured in PZM3 for 15.5 h and an average of 112 cloned embryos were transferred to the oviducts of four naturally cycling gilts on Day 0–1 of standing estrus. Three of the animals were pregnant: one of them farrowed two male piglets on August 14th, with the other two due on September 8th and 9th. Future studies will involve performing NT and ET on skin-derived stem cells from a higher passage number to determine if they would be suitable for genetic modification prior to NT.
Phase I study of mesothelin-targeted immunotoxin LMB-100 in combination with tofacitinib in persons with pancreatobiliary cancer or other mesothelin expressing solid tumors. (2021)

TPS452 Background: LMB-100 recombinant immunotoxin consists of a mesothelin-binding Fab for targeting with a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A payload. Formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is thought to contribute significantly to limited clinical efficacy of LMB-100 seen in prior clinical trials. Most patients develop clinically meaningful ADAs after 1-2 cycles of LMB-100, resulting in rapid neutralization of LMB-100 during subsequent cycles and undetectable plasma drug levels. Tofacitinib is an oral Janus Kinase-1 and -3 (JAK) inhibitor approved by the FDA for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Pre-clinical studies have shown that tofacitinib can prevent the formation of ADAs against recombinant immunotoxin (Onda et al. Journal of Immunology 2014), and that co-administration of tofacitinib with LMB-100 increases immunotoxin serum half- life in mice and anti-tumor efficacy (Simon et al. JCI Insight 2019). We hypothesize that co-administration of tofacitinib with LMB-100 will prevent or delay the formation of high titer ADAs to LMB-100, such that 2 effective cycles of immunotoxin can be administered to patients. Methods: This phase I clinical trial consists of a dose escalation phase using 3+3 design to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of LMB-100 that can be administered with tofacitinib in participants (n = 18 max) with mesothelin-expressing solid tumors, followed by a dose expansion phase at the MTD for participants (n = 15) with pancreatic adenocarcinoma or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The primary objective of the expansion phase is to determine whether co-administration of tofacitinib delays formation of neutralizing anti-LMB-100 ADAs for cycle 2 of treatment as measured by LMB-100 plasma drug levels. A positive outcome will be reached if percent of participants achieving threshold LMB-100 drug levels during cycle 2 increases from 50% to 80% (83.6% probability if &gt;10 of 15 evaluable participants meet this milestone). Plasma drug levels during cycle 3 will also be analyzed as a secondary endpoint. Key inclusion criteria include adults with histologically confirmed previously treated solid tumor malignancies. Participants will receive tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily on days 1-10 and LMB-100 at 65, 100, or 140 mcg/kg on days 4, 6 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. The dose escalation phase has been completed and enrollment onto dose expansion phase is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT04034238.
A European arena for joint innovation in healthcare: The Platform for Innovation of Procurement and Procurement of Innovation (PiPPi) (2023)

By 2000 the European Union (EU) had recognized that its innovation capacity was underperforming in comparison to similar competitors and trading partners. Although the EU has made an effort to stimulate public research and development (R&D) through policy tools like Pre-Commercial Procurement (PCP) and Public Procurement of Innovation (PPI), starting with the 2000 Lisbon strategy and continuing through the 2021 updated Guidance on Innovation Procurement, there has remained a gap in knowledge of and use of these tools, in particular within healthcare. The past decades have seen an explosion in the number and use of digital technologies across the entire spectrum of healthcare. Demand-driven R&D has lagged here, while new digital health R&D has largely been driven by the supply side in a linear fashion, which can have disappointing results. PCP and PPI could have big impacts on the development and uptake of innovative health technology. The Platform for Innovation of Procurement and Procurement of Innovation (PiPPi) project was a Horizon 2020-funded project that ran from December 2018 to May 2022 with a consortium including seven of Europe's premier research hospitals and the Catalan Agency for Health Information. To promote PCP and PPI, PiPPi established a virtual Community of Practice (CoP) that brings together all stakeholder groups to share and innovate around unmet healthcare needs. This perspective presents a brief history of PCP and PPI in Europe with a focus on digital innovation in healthcare before introducing the PiPPi project and its value proposition.