gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Quinazoline-Based Anti-inflammatory Agents Acting as PDE4B Inhibitors (2015)

A novel series of quinzoline based compounds (IIIa-d, VIa-f, IXa-f) were designed, synthesized and screened for their inhibitory activity towards the PDE4B isoform. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of the titled compounds (IIIa-d, VIa-f, IXa-f) as well as their effect on the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were evaluated. Among all of the synthesized compounds, IXb, IXd and IXf, exhibited good inhibitory activity against PDE4B enzyme with inhibition percentages of 42, 62 and 68%, respectively. Most of the tested compounds showed potent anti-inflammatory activity compared to indomethacin with a marked decrease in TNF-α level. The ulcerogenic effect of the tested compounds was also examined. The gastric mucosa of the tested animals remained intact after oral administration of the hit compounds. Additionally, docking study was used to explore the possible binding mode of the active compounds on the PDE4B enzyme as well as to illustrate the selectivity of the active hits on the PDE4B isoform.
A New Wiping Device for Detecting Removable Contamination (2012)

A new wiping device for detecting removable contamination was developed. A cylindrical plastic scintillator (PS) is applied to a roller device. A wiping material wraps around the cylindrical PS roller, and then the roller is used for wiping to detect removable contamination (PS method). After contamination on the floor is wiped off using the roller, the wrapped PS is removed from the roller and placed in a glass vial for use in a liquid scintillation counter (LSC). The vial is measured by LSC without liquid scintillation cocktail. When the PS method was used by wrapping with NUC-Wipe™, the wiping efficiencies, except for the measurement efficiencies, were almost 15% for H and 40% for C. Also a repositionable tape (Double Stick Tape™) could be used for wiping material. The device has three main advantages: 1) Though the wiping efficiency is not very high when using the PS method, the variability observed is lower than that for hand wiping; 2) even when it is contaminated with nuclides whose maximum beta ray energies (Emax) are very close, for example C (Emax; 156 keV) and S (Emax; 167 keV), the contaminated radioisotopes are identified with their spectra by using PS; and 3) the PS method is environmentally friendly, as post-processing time is vastly shortened because it does not use a liquid scintillator. Some issues that were previously considered unavoidable in the wiping method were improved using a plastic scintillator as a roller.
Determining the band alignment of copper-oxide gallium-oxide heterostructures (2021)

The copper oxides cuprite (Cu2O) and tenorite (CuO) are ideal candidates for solar cells as they promise high conversion efficiencies according to the Shockley–Queisser limit. However, both cannot readily be doped n-type, thus hampering the formation of all copper oxide p–n junctions for solar cell applications. The combination of the copper oxides with gallium sesquioxide, in particular, α-Ga2O3 and β-Ga2O3, is considered to be an excellent heterojunction system for overcoming this challenge. In such a p–n junction, the p-type copper oxide layer will act as an absorber and the transparent n-type gallium sesquioxide will act as a window layer. In these devices, the band alignment at the internal interface is crucial for the device performance. Here, we study the band alignments of four different copper oxide–gallium sesquioxide heterostructures by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Within the experimental margin of error, a Cu2O/α-Ga2O3 heterostructure appears to offer the most favorable band alignment for photovoltaic applications.
Study on the Polydimethylsiloxane Polyurethane Modified Novolac Type Epoxy Precursor for Manufacturing Carbon–Carbon Composites (2006)

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing the aromatic amine-terminated polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane modified novolac type epoxy to prepare carbon–carbon (C–C) composite with improved mechanical and anti-oxidation properties. The curing kinetics of modified epoxy and the compatibility of polymer blend were investigated. Thermal, physical, and mechanical properties during the post-cure stage and carbonization stage were also examined. The curing kinetic studies show that epoxy matrix modified with polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane decrease the collision factor and increase the total heat of reaction and the active energy of reaction. Polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane is compatible with epoxy resin when the content is below 5 phr (parts per one hundred parts of epoxy resin). Adding polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane can reduce the weight loss of composite during the post-cure process. The volume shrinkage and porosity of carbon fiber reinforced composite and C–C composite decrease with the increase of polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane content. The polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane can increase the mechanical properties after carbonization since polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane releases the internal pressure and protects the fiber surface during the carbonization process. The novolac epoxy, with polydimethylsiloxane polyurethane modified, has better oxygen resistance and lower oxidation rate from the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) oxidation testing results after the addition of this silicon-containing resin.
Role of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Mouse Models of Breast Cancer (2013)

Abstract : We have shown that obesity increases tumor burden without significantly altering tumor morphology suggesting that the primary effect of obesity is on tumor cell proliferation. Interestingly, the origin of the obesity did not have an effect as genetic obesity due to leptin mutation or diet-induced obesity due to a high fat western diet equivalently increased tumor growth. While there was no difference in macrophage infiltration into the tumors themselves, we found a significant increase in the proinflammatory M1 macrophage population in the obese mammary fat pad. Consistent with this increase, we observed increased expression of TNF- alpha in the fat pad and we subsequently showed that TNF- alpha enhances tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Thus our results point to the ability of obesity to create a microenvironment that is conducive to tumor growth rather than an effect of obesity on the tumor per se. Further studies are likely to reveal the mechanisms underlying the increased risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women and identify potential targets for therapy.
A Simple Synthesis of Benzopyrans (1975)

trans-2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol ( 4 ) was converted into 1,2,3,4,4a,lOb-hexahydro-6-spirocyclo- hexano-6H-dibenzo[b,dlpyran-9-01 (8) either by phenolic cyclisation or by acid catalysis.The corresponding 6-methyl-6-phenylbenzopyran derivative ( 9 ) was also obtained from 4 by the same methods.This type of reaction was applied to the fecile synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-l-methoxycarbonyl- 1-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran (11) and the hexahydro-6Hdibenzo [b,dlpyrans (18, 19, 22, and 2 3 ) .Previously, we have reported that heating 3-hydroxyphenethylm i n e (1) with a carbonyl compound in alcohol without acid gave
Characterization of a selective antagonist of neuropeptide Y at the Y2 receptor. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a Y2 antagonist. (1997)

Page 7699: Dr. Cannizzaro's name was misspelled.
Propagating backward-volume spin waves in epitaxial Fe films (2022)

The propagation characteristics of backward-volume magnetostatic spin-waves in epitaxial Fe(001) films were studied by frequency-domain and time-domain spin-wave propagation spectroscopies using a vector network analyser. Due to the combination of cubic-magnetocrystalline anisotropy and anisotropic spin-wave dispersion, the backward-volume spin-wave exhibited a complicated packet propagation. For the hard-axis propagation, the group velocity of the spin wave was greatly enhanced at low external magnetic fields and propagation occurred even under no magnetic field. By analysing within a theoretical model and micromagnetic simulations, these transmission character of the backward-volume magnetostatic spin-waves in an epitaxial iron film was well reproduced. The observed characteristics are essential information to promote two-dimensional magnonic devices utilizing cubic-anisotropic materials.
Table S5 from Clinical Importance of the lncRNA <i>NEAT1</i> in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;LncRNA transcriptome analysis in glioblastoma (GSE121810)&lt;/p&gt;
Morphological Characterization of Ceramic Sponges for Applications in Chemical Engineering (2009)

An extensive study on morphological parameters of ceramic sponge structures of different material, porosity, and pores per linear inch (ppi) number was performed. Volume image analyses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray tomography (CT) measurements were carried out to determine experimentally the geometric specific surface area of the structures. Furthermore, face and strut diameters, porosities, and densities were assessed through conventional methods including optical microscopy, mercury porosimetry, and helium pycnometry. The resulting data were used to evaluate morphological models representing the irregular strut network by packings of regular polyhedra. On the basis of an adapted Weaire−Phelan model, a novel correlation was developed that enables the calculation of the specific surface area of sponges with high accuracy. The input parameters for this correlation are easily accessible by standard microscopy and porosimetry measurements.
Evidence for Altered Metabolism of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in the Corpus Callosum of Patients with Schizophrenia (2020)

The disturbed integrity of myelin and white matter, along with dysregulation of the lipid metabolism, may be involved in schizophrenia pathophysiology. Considering the crucial role of sphingolipids in neurodevelopment, particularly in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, we examined the role of sphingolipid dynamics in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We performed targeted mass spectrometry-based analysis of sphingolipids from the cortical area and corpus callosum of postmortem brain samples from patients with schizophrenia and controls. We observed lower sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, specifically in the corpus callosum of patients with schizophrenia, but not in major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, when compared with the controls. Patient data and animal studies showed that antipsychotic intake did not contribute to the lowered S1P levels. We also found that lowered S1P levels in the corpus callosum of patients with schizophrenia may stem from the upregulation of genes for S1P-degrading enzymes; higher expression of genes for S1P receptors suggested a potential compensatory mechanism for the lowered S1P levels. A higher ratio of the sum of sphingosine and ceramide to S1P, which can induce apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, was also observed in the samples of patients with schizophrenia than in controls. These results suggest that an altered S1P metabolism may underlie the deficits in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin formation, leading to the structural and molecular abnormalities of white matter reported in schizophrenia. Our findings may pave the way toward a novel therapeutic strategy.
Effexor XR® (Venlafaxine Hydrochloride) (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Effexor XR® and the Antidepressant Market Cyclohexanone Condensations Venlafaxine (1) by Reduction of N,N-dimethylacetamide 14 Venlafaxine (1) by Reduction of the N,N-dimethylethanethioamide 16 Reduction of 2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile (17) Venlafaxine (1) by Methylation of 1-(2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl) Cyclohexanol (34) Venlafaxine (1) from Ethyl 3-(dimethylamino)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl) Propanoate (39) and Pentamethylenebis (Magnesium Bromide) Venlafaxine (1) from 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxaspiro[2.5]Octane-2-carbonitrile (42) Polymorphs of Venlafaxine (1) Hydrochloride The Best Process Available Today Structures Searched References
Statistical studies of photonic heterostructure nanocavities with an average Q factor of three million (2011)

We have measured the quality (Q) factors and resonant wavelengths for 80 photonic crystal nanocavities with the same heterostructure. In this statistical evaluation, the Q factors varied according to a normal distribution centered at 3 million and ranging between 2.3 million and 3.9 million. The resonant wavelengths also fluctuated but with a standard deviation of only 0.33 nm. Such a high average Q factor and highly controlled resonant wavelength will be important for the development of advanced applications of photonic crystal nanocavities. Comparing the experimental values with calculated values suggests that factors other than structural variations of air holes, which decrease the Q factor, are indeed present in the fabricated nanocavities.
LuxS Coexpression Enhances Yields of Recombinant Proteins in Escherichia coli in Part through Posttranscriptional Control of GroEL (2011)

Cell-to-cell communication, or quorum sensing (QS), enables cell density-dependent regulation of bacterial gene expression which can be exploited for the autonomous-signal-guided expression of recombinant proteins (C. Y. Tsao, S. Hooshangi, H. C. Wu, J. J. Valdes, and W. E. Bentley, Metab. Eng. 12:291-297, 2010). Earlier observations that the metabolic potential of Escherichia coli is conveyed via the QS signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2) suggested that the capacity for protein synthesis could also be affected by AI-2 signaling (M. P. DeLisa, J. J. Valdes, and W. E. Bentley, J. Bacteriol. 183:2918-2928, 2001). In this work, we found that simply adding conditioned medium containing high levels of AI-2 at the same time as inducing the synthesis of recombinant proteins doubled the yield of active product. We have hypothesized that AI-2 signaling "conditions" cells as a natural consequence of cell-to-cell communication and that this could tweak the signal transduction cascade to alter the protein synthesis landscape. We inserted luxS (AI-2 synthase) into vectors which cosynthesized proteins of interest (organophosphorus hydrolase [OPH], chloramphenicol acetyltransferase [CAT], or UV-variant green fluorescent protein [GFPuv]) and evaluated the protein expression in luxS-deficient hosts. In this way, we altered the level of luxS in the cells in order to "tune" the synthesis of AI-2. We found conditions in which the protein yield was dramatically increased. Further studies demonstrated coincident upregulation of the chaperone GroEL, which may have facilitated higher yields and is shown for the first time to be positively regulated at the posttranscriptional level by AI-2. This report is the first to demonstrate that the protein synthesis capacity of E. coli can be altered by rewiring quorum sensing circuitry.
The polymerase chain reaction detects B cell clonalities in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and suspected malignant lymphoma. (1994)

PCR may represent a quick and powerful tool to detect B cell clonalities in SS. Such information may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease and may improve the clinical approach to the patients.
Measurement of neutral current single π0 production on argon with the MicroBooNE detector (2023)

We report the first measurement of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ production in neutral current (NC) interactions on argon with average neutrino energy of $\ensuremath{\lesssim}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. We use data from the MicroBooNE detector's 85 metric tons active volume liquid argon time projection chamber situated in Fermilab's Booster Neutrino Beam and exposed to $5.89\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}$ protons on target for this measurement. Measurements of NC ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ events are reported for two exclusive event topologies without charged pions. Those include a topology with two photons from the decay of the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and one proton and a topology with two photons and zero protons. Flux-averaged cross sections for each exclusive topology and for their semi-inclusive combination are extracted (efficiency correcting for two-plus proton final states), and the results are compared to predictions from the genie, neut, and nuwro neutrino event generators. We measure cross sections of $1.243\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.185(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.076(\mathrm{stat})$, $0.444\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.098\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.047$, and $0.624\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.131\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.075\text{ }\text{ }[{10}^{\ensuremath{-}38}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/\mathrm{Ar}]$ for the semi-inclusive NC${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, exclusive NC${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}+1p$, and exclusive NC${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}+0p$ processes, respectively.
A hierarchical volumetric shadow algorithm for single scattering (2010)

Volumetric effects such as beams of light through participating media are an important component in the appearance of the natural world. Many such effects can be faithfully modeled by a single scattering medium. In the presence of shadows, rendering these effects can be prohibitively expensive: current algorithms are based on ray marching, i.e., integrating the illumination scattered towards the camera along each view ray, modulated by visibility to the light source at each sample. Visibility must be determined for each sample using shadow rays or shadow-map lookups. We observe that in a suitably chosen coordinate system, the visibility function has a regular structure that we can exploit for significant acceleration compared to brute force sampling. We propose an efficient algorithm based on partial sum trees for computing the scattering integrals in a single-scattering homogeneous medium. On a CPU, we achieve speedups of 17--120x over ray marching.
Development of an Automated Raised Pavement Marker Placement Machine (2007)

Departments of transportation across the country utilize raised pavement markers (RPMs) to supplement the visibility of their lane stripes, especially in inclement weather. Many millions of these markers are used nationwide every year. Currently these markers are placed manually leading to significant costs and the attendant safety concerns for the personnel involved. This paper describes the development of two prototype systems to automate the task of RPM placement. The first system was developed for placing RPMs using pressure-sensitive adhesive pads and the second for placing RPMs using hot-melt adhesive. This paper covers a thirty-four-month, Georgia Department of Transportation funded effort to develop a system capable of automatically placing RPMs along the lane stripes while in motion at 5 miles per hour. The effort was conducted in two phases. The objective of the first phase was to demonstrate the function of two key components, an RPM-placement mechanism using pressure-sensitive adhesive and the lane stripe tracking system. The objective of the second phase was to develop a full-scale, truck-mounted RPM placement system. The project resulted in a system, to be delivered in November 2006, which includes placement mechanisms capable of dispensing an RPM onto the pavement along with the necessary hot-melt adhesive applied at 380°F while traveling at 5 mph. The placement mechanisms are supported on a pattern-change mechanism that can position two placement mechanisms to accommodate any of the 5 specified RPM placement patterns. Results of the initial testing indicate that issues remain to be resolved in using pressure-sensitive adhesive RPMs automatically. Results of the initial testing of the system that automatically places RPMs using hot-melt adhesive are promising.
Supplementary Table 3 from Acquired Resistance with Epigenetic Alterations Under Long-Term Antiangiogenic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Tβ4-high and -low HCC&lt;/p&gt;
Qualitative Characterization of the Aqueous Fraction from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae Using 2D Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (2016)

Two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for identifying and quantifying chemical components in complex mixtures. It is often used to analyze gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, bio-diesel and the organic fraction of bio-crude/bio-oil. In most of those analyses, the first dimension of separation is non-polar, followed by a polar separation. The aqueous fractions of bio-crude and other aqueous samples from biofuels production have been examined with similar column combinations. However, sample preparation techniques such as derivatization, solvent extraction, and solid-phase extraction were necessary prior to analysis. In this study, aqueous fractions obtained from the hydrothermal liquefaction of algae were characterized by two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry without prior sample preparation techniques using a polar separation in the first dimension followed by a non-polar separation in the second. Two-dimensional plots from this analysis were compared with those obtained from the more traditional column configuration. Results from qualitative characterization of the aqueous fractions of algal bio-crude are discussed in detail. The advantages of using a polar separation followed by a non-polar separation for characterization of organics in aqueous samples by two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry are highlighted.
Solar Cells from Epitaxial Foils: An Epifoil Epiphany (2015)

In this paper we want to share our efforts on how to translate our high-quality epitaxial foils (epifoils) into cell-level performance. After framing our motivation in the introduction, we elaborate our approach at imec using available background on this topic and expected challenges. After presenting our method, consisting of layout, buildup and processing sequence, we share and compare our findings, discuss our characterization methods and add some basic simulations to improve our understanding. In conclusion, we demonstrated how we could process epitaxial foils into cells, using a completely low-temperature process and keeping the foils attached to a carrier (parent wafer for the frontside, superstrate glass for the rear side) all the way through. Even though there is room for improvement on several aspects (both electrical and optical), in a first attempt this cell integration already resulted in a best open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 695 mV. Based on the loss analysis, the most promising improvements and their potential impact are pointed out. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.