gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metal–Organic Framework/Polyaniline Nanocomposites for Lightweight Energy Storage (2020)

We describe a simple strategy to modify zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) using polyaniline (PANI) via a controlled interfacial polymerization method, without using a template, to synthesize ZIF-8/PANI nanocomposites. Our method avoids the agglomeration of ZIF-8/PANI, boosts the utilization of active materials, and exposes more active sites, and hence, it is advantageous to facile electron transfer. Because of its unique hierarchical structure, ZIF-8/PANI has a high surface area (610.8 m2·g–1) and the ZIF-8/PANI electrode exhibited a capacitance value of 395.4 F·g–1 at 0.2 A·g–1, which is the highest among the metal–organic framework (MOF)-based composites reported to date. A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (SASC) fabricated with ZIF-8/PANI as the electrode showed good capacitive behavior over a wide potential window from 0 to 2.5 V without nonaqueous electrolytes. It exhibited a specific areal capacitance of 28.1 mF·cm–2 at 0.1 mA·cm–2, which is much higher than the values reported for other MOF-based supercapacitors. The SASC also possessed a high energy density (3.2 μW h·cm–2) and power density (1.1 mW·cm–2), good cycling stability, and flexibility. These characteristics make our ZIF-8/PANI nanocomposite an excellent MOF-based electrode for highly flexible and lightweight energy storage applications.
Optimal flip angles for in vivo liver 3DT1 mapping and B1+ mapping at 3T (2023)

A novel framework was developed and validated to calculate the SPGR <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> variance. This framework efficiently identifies optimal FA values and determines the total number of SPGR and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {B}_1^{+} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> measurements needed to achieve a desired <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> precision.
Proportional Fairness in Multi-Channel Multi-Rate Wireless Networks - Part II: The Case of Time-Varying Channels with Application to OFDM Systems (2008)

This is Part II of a two-part paper series that studies the use of the proportional fairness (PF) utility function as the basis for resource allocation and scheduling in multichannel multi-rate wireless networks. The contributions of Part II are twofold. (i) First, we extend the problem formulation, theoretical results, and algorithms to the case of time-varying channels, where opportunistic resource allocation and scheduling can be exploited to improve system performance. We lay down the theoretical foundation for optimization that "couples" the time-varying characteristic of channels with the requirements of the underlying applications into one consideration. In particular, the extent to which opportunistic optimization is possible is not just a function of how fast the channel characteristics vary, but also a function of the elasticity of the underlying applications for delayed resource allocation. (ii) Second, building upon our theoretical framework and results, we study subcarrier allocation and scheduling in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) cellular wireless networks. We introduce the concept of a W-normalized Doppler frequency to capture the extent to which opportunistic scheduling can be exploited to achieve throughput-fairness performance gain. We show that a "lookback PF" scheduling can strike a good balance between system throughput and fairness while taking the underlying application requirements into account.
Nanoagents Based on Poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐Poly(l‐thyroxine) Block Copolypeptide for Enhanced Dual‐Modality Imaging and Targeted Tumor Radiotherapy (2019)

Future healthcare requires development of novel theranostic agents that are capable of not only enhancing diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responses but also augmenting therapeutic outcomes. Here, a versatile and stable nanoagent is reported based on poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-thyroxine) (PEG-PThy) block copolypeptide for enhanced single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) dual-modality imaging and targeted tumor radiotherapy in vivo. PEG-PThy acquired by polymerization of l-thyroxine-N-carboxyanhydride (Thy-NCA) displays a controlled M<sub>n</sub> , high iodine content of ≈49.2 wt%, and can spontaneously form 65 nm-sized nanoparticles (PThyN). In contrast to clinically used contrast agents like iohexol and iodixanol, PThyN reveals iso-osmolality, low viscosity, and long circulation time. While PThyN exhibits comparable in vitro CT attenuation efficacy to iohexol, it greatly enhances in vivo CT imaging of vascular systems and soft tissues. PThyN allows for surface decoration with the cRGD peptide achieving enhanced CT imaging of subcutaneous B16F10 melanoma and orthotopic A549 lung tumor. Taking advantages of a facile iodine exchange reaction, <sup>125</sup> I-labeled PThyN enables SPECT/CT imaging of tumors and monitoring of PThyN biodistribution in vivo. Besides, <sup>131</sup> I-labeled and cRGD-functionalized PThyN displays remarkable growth inhibition of the B16F10 tumor in mice (tumor inhibition rate > 89%). These poly(l-thyroxine) nanoparticles provide a unique and versatile theranostic platform for varying diseases.
Stationary-State Oxidized Platinum Microsensor for Selective and On-Line Monitoring of Nitric Oxide in Biological Preparations (2001)

Despite the multifaceted biomedical significance of NO, little progress has been achieved so far in the quantitative understanding of the signal transduction mechanisms where NO is involved. To help progress in this area, we propose a simple electrochemical NO sensor here, consisting of a glass sealed platinum microdisk electrode coated with cellulose acetate to reduce both surface fouling by proteins and response to potential interferences. A differential amperometry protocol is optimized to improve selectivity and provide a stationary oxidation state of the platinum surface, which prevents loss in sensitivity during long-term use. We found the oxidation of NO by O2 second order in [NO] with a rate constant of (8.0 +/- 0.4) x 10(6) M(-2) s(-1), in good agreement with literature data obtained by other than electrochemical methods. The release rates of NO detected in cultures of activated macrophages were on the order of 20 pmol/ (10(6)cells s) and correlated well with the nitrite content determined by the spectrophotometric Griess assay.
Technical Design Considerations of a Human-Scale Talbot-Lau Interferometer for Dark-Field CT (2022)

Computed tomography (CT) as an important clinical diagnostics method can profit from extension with dark-field imaging, as it is currently restricted to X-rays' attenuation contrast only. Dark-field imaging allows access to more tissue properties, such as micro-structural texture or porosity. The up-scaling process to clinical scale is complex because several design constraints must be considered. The two most important ones are that the finest grating is limited by current manufacturing technology to a [Formula: see text] period and that the interferometer should fit into the CT gantry with minimal modifications only. In this work we discuss why an inverse interferometer and a triangular G1 profile are advantageous and make a compact and sensitive interferometer implementation feasible. Our evaluation of the triangular grating profile reveals a deviation in the interference pattern compared to standard grating profiles, which must be considered in the subsequent data processing. An analysis of the grating orientation demonstrates that currently only a vertical layout can be combined with cylindrical bending of the gratings. We also provide an in-depth discussion, including a new simulation approach, of the impact of the extended X-ray source spot which can lead to large performance loss and present supporting experimental results. This analysis reveals a vastly increased sensitivity to geometry and grating period deviations, which must be considered early in the system design process.
Verification of Space-Time Reactor-Kinetics Analysis by Experiments (1970)

Space-time nuclear reactor kinetic calculations based on the well-known computer program WIGLE are compared with measurements from neutron-pulse-propagation experiments. Transients were induced in a heavy-water-moderated, natural uranium subcritical assembly using a coupling extending through a graphite thermal column to a pulsed TRIGA reactor. Results are reported for five keff values ranging from 0 to 0.92, involving cases both with and without cadmium control rods inserted. A unit-cell-homogenization technique was adopted for analysis purposes, with special attention being given to proper parameter assignment, such as neutron velocity averaging. Calculation results compare favorably with experimental results for the interior of the assembly; however, differences as large as 7% are noted near interfaces or boundaries.
Telomerase is activated in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the castrated rat. (1996)

Telomeres, the repetitive non-coding DNA sequences found at the ends of all eukaryotic chromosomes, shorten with each cell division. It has been proposed that telomere shortening may be the counting element of a mitotic clock that keeps track of cell divisions; with shortening to a critical length acting as a senescence signal underlying cellular aging. The enzyme telomerase functions to maintain telomere length, thus allowing unlimited cell division, and has been associated with cellular immortalization and cancer. Stem cells have large, perhaps unlimited, replicative capacities. Since these cells are potentially immortal, we reasoned that they might posses active telomerase. We therefore assayed for telomerase activity in the stem cell enriched pools of the androgen-depleted sex accessory tissues in the castrated male rat. Following castration, the ventral prostate and seminal vesicles of the rat involute, losing approximately 90% of their cells by 21 days. These residual glands persist, and are enriched for stem cells, being capable of fully regenerating these glands if testosterone is re-introduced into the animal. We assayed telomerase activity in extracts from normal, involuted, and regenerating ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. Normal glands were found to be telomerase negative, whereas telomerase activity appeared as these glands involuted following castration. Conversely, telomerase activity disappeared during testosterone-induced regeneration of these residual glands. These results provide strong evidence for the ability of androgen to negatively-regulate telomerase activity in stem cell populations of the rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. and represent the first in vivo model system for the modulation of telomerase activity.
A 90 nm CMOS DSP MLSD Transceiver With Integrated AFE for Electronic Dispersion Compensation of Multimode Optical Fibers at 10 Gb/s (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper presents the architecture and circuit design of a single chip 32 mm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^2$</tex></formula> 90 nm CMOS DSP transceiver for electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) of multimode fibers at 10 Gb/s, based on maximum likelihood sequence detection (MLSD). This is the first MLSD-based transceiver for multimode fibers and the first fully integrated DSP based transceiver for optical channels reported in the technical literature. The digital receiver incorporates equalization, Viterbi detection, channel estimation, timing recovery, and gain control functions. The analog front-end incorporates an 8-way interleaved ADC with self-calibration, a programmable gain amplifier, a phase interpolator, and the transmitter. Also integrated are a XAUI interface, the physical coding sublayer (PCS), and miscellaneous test and control functions. Experimental results using the stressors specified by the IEEE 10 GBASE-LRM standard <citerefgrp><citeref refid="ref1"/></citerefgrp>, as well as industry-defined worst-case fibers are reported. A sensitivity of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}$</tex> </formula>13.68 dBm is demonstrated for the symmetric stressor of <citerefgrp> <citeref refid="ref1"/></citerefgrp> in a line card application with a 6 inch FR4 interconnect. </para>
Gallstone lithotripsy: relevant physical principles and technical issues. (1991)

A basic understanding of shock wave generation is essential for the radiologist who performs gallstone lithotripsy. Shock waves differ from ordinary acoustic waves in that they have a rapid rise time, a positive pressure component that gives rise to compressive forces approaching 1,000 atm, and a low-amplitude sustained negative pressure (rarefactive) component. Shock waves are created by means of three different types of shock wave generators: spark-gap, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric. The authors describe and compare these three types of shock wave generators with regard to equipment selection. Regardless of how shock waves are generated, they share common interactions with tissue. These interactions are reviewed along with the proposed mechanisms of stone fragmentation.
Acoustic microscopy in the food industry (2012)

Acoustic microscopy has been used for many years to image and measure the elastic properties of materials across a wide range of scientific disciplines. However the application of this technique in the food industry is scarce. In this paper we outline the operation of a reflection-mode acoustic microscope and discuss some of the issues relevant to its operation in the food sector. We then present two relevant case studies in which we employ acoustic microscopy to analyse potato cells and the fat structure in Iberian ham and chorizo.
The asthma‐rhinitis multimorbidity is associated with IgE polysensitization in adolescents and adults (2018)

The A+R+ phenotype combined the sensitization pattern of both the A-R+ and A+R- phenotypes. This multimorbid polysensitized phenotype seems to be generalizable to various ages and allergenic environments and may be associated with specific mechanisms.
Continuous production of dissimilar alloy porous aluminum by conveyor with optical heating (2021)

Porous aluminum is multifunctional metal materials with light weight and high energy absorption properties. In our previous study, it was shown that continuously production of same alloy porous aluminum by continuously foaming of precursors using a conveyor with optical heating was possible. In this study, continuously foaming of dissimilar alloy precursors on same line was investigated. It is difficult to foam dissimilar alloy precursors on same line because their liquidus temperatures are different. So each heat input of precursor was adjusted by changing distance between precursor and halogen lamps. Two types of precursors, commercially pure aluminum (A1050) and die-casting aluminum alloy (ADC12), were fabricated via the friction stir welding route. Continuously production of dissimilar alloy porous aluminums was carried out by passing of precursors below heating area of halogen lamps. It was found that different alloy aluminum precursors can be continuously foamed on the same line. The obtained porous aluminum had porosity with approximately 80% and good pore structures.
Improved annotation of the insect vector of citrus greening disease: biocuration by a diverse genomics community (2019)

Author affiliation for Liliana Cano has been corrected to link to University of Florida/IFAS Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945.
Plasma-Treated Flexible Aminoclay-Decorated Electrospun Nanofibers for Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal (2015)

Biocompatible Mg- and Fe-aminoclays (MgAC and FeAC)-decorated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nano-fibers (NFs, diameter range: 190-380 nm) are prepared by the electrospinning process. There is a large increase in the biomolecular activities of the PAN NFs that were oxygen plasma (OP)-treated (the OPNFs) relative to those of the pristine PAN NFs, due to the OP treatment's carboxylation and/or hydroxylation of the PAN NF surfaces. With morphological observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and following further confirmation of the Fourier-transform infrared (FI-IR) spectra of the as-prepared AC-OPNFs, human neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal is tested, focusing on the relevant discrepancies among the AC-OPNFs, OPNFs, and pristine PAN NFs as flexible cellular matrices. Interestingly, NSCs are attached well on four NFs without conventional coating materials. Self-renewal of NSCs is confirmed by marker expressions such as PAX6 and N-CADHERIN. Among four NFs, FeAC-OPNFs shows the best property of NSC self-renewal. It is expected that AC-OPNFs can be xeno-free and protein-free extracellular matrices for supporting human NSC self-renewal.
Gas sorption in polymers based on bisphenol‐A (1988)

Abstract Equilibrium gas sorption measurements for CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 were made with three polymers based on bisphenol‐A, namely a polyhydroxyether, a polyetherimide, and a polyarylate. These data plus previous results for two other bisphenol‐A polymers, polycarhonate and polysulfone, were analyzed using the dual‐mode sorption model and the more recent gas‐polymer‐matrix model. The models were compared on the basis of physical interpretations of the resulting parameters. The Langmuir capacity from the dual‐model model was related to the unrelaxed volume of the glassy polymer. The Henry's law sorption parameter from the dual‐mode model was related to the internal pressure of the polymer and to its tensile stress at yield. The work suggests a means for estimation of gas sorption levels from thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION REACTIONS OF AMINIUM RADICALS: OXIDATIVE AND NONOXIDATIVE PHOTOADDITION OF NITROSOAMINES TO NONCONJUGATED POLYENES (1982)

Abstract Das Dien (I) und das Trien (V) liefern bei der Photooxidation in Gegenwart von N‐Nitroso‐dimethylamin (NND) die gleichen Produkte wie in Gegenwart von N‐Nitro‐dimethylamin, wobei aber gewisse Unterschiede in den Reaktionsmechanismen zu beobachten sind.
Energy-efficient scheduling protocols for wireless sensor networks (2005)

We consider the problem of minimizing the energy needed for data fusion in a large scale sensor network by varying the transmission times assigned to different sensor nodes. The optimal scheduling protocol is derived, based on which, we develop a low-complexity inverse-log scheduling algorithm that achieves near-optimal energy efficiency. To eliminate the communication overhead required by centralized scheduling protocols, we also develop a distributed inverse-log protocol that is applicable to networks with a large number of nodes. Simulations demonstrate that this distributed scheduling protocol achieves substantial energy savings over uniform time division multiple access protocol.
Photoinduced Transient States of Antiferromagnetic Orderings in La${}_{1/3}$Sr${}_{2/3}$FeO${}_{3}$ and SrFeO${}_{3}$ Thin Films Observed through Time-resolved Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering (2021)

The relationship between the magnetic interaction and photoinduced dynamics in antiferromagnetic perovskites is investigated in this study. In La${}_{1/3}$Sr${}_{2/3}$FeO${}_{3}$ thin films, commensurate spin ordering is accompanied by charge disproportionation, whereas SrFeO${}_{3}$ thin films show incommensurate helical antiferromagnetic spin ordering due to increased ferromagnetic coupling compared to La${}_{1/3}$Sr${}_{2/3}$FeO${}_{3}$. To understand the photoinduced spin dynamics in these materials, we investigate the spin ordering through time-resolved resonant soft X-ray scattering. In La${}_{1/3}$Sr${}_{2/3}$FeO${}_{3}$, ultrafast quenching of the magnetic ordering within 130 fs through a nonthermal process is observed, triggered by charge transfer between the Fe atoms. We compare this to the photoinduced dynamics of the helical magnetic ordering of SrFeO${}_{3}$. We find that the change in the magnetic coupling through optically induced charge transfer can offer an even more efficient channel for spin-order manipulation.
Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises (2000)

"Closed-Kinetic-chain" (CKC) exercise appear to have gained popularity over more traditionally used open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises because many clinicians believe that CKC exercises are safer and more functional. The primary objective of this study was to compare isokinetic OKC and isokinetic CKC testing of the knee. Fifty healthy young subjects with ages between 18 to 34 years (19.8±3.3) performed both isokinetic OKC and CKC exercises. The CYBEX 6000 isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure open and closed concentric torque generated by the right lower extremity. The EMG activity from eight muscles of the lower extremity was monitored simultaneously for each exercise using surface electromyography. Isokinetic CKC exercises had two distinct advantages over isokinetic OKC exercises. From a biomechanical perspective, isokinetic CKC exercises are safer because they produce stresses and forces that are potentially less of a threat to healing structures. These exercises are also more functional than isokinetic OKC exercises since they involve all the lower extremity muscles.
Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Multiscale Morphological and Electrical Characterization of Charge Transport Limitations to the Power Performance of Positive Electrode Blends for Lithium‐Ion Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 8/2017) (2017)

A better understanding of the charge transport (ions and electrons) kinetics limitations through the electrode is required to improve the Li-ion battery's energy and power density in view of electrical cars deployment. In article number 1602239, Bernard Lestriez and co-workers connect for the first time the parameters describing the microstructure of electrodes with both measurements of their transport properties and their electrochemical performance.
Slow Kill for Big Data Learning (2023)

Big-data applications often involve a vast number of observations and features, creating new challenges for variable selection and parameter estimation. This paper presents a novel technique called ``slow kill,'' which utilizes nonconvex constrained optimization, adaptive $\ell_2$-shrinkage, and increasing learning rates. The fact that the problem size can decrease during the slow kill iterations makes it particularly effective for large-scale variable screening. The interaction between statistics and optimization provides valuable insights into controlling quantiles, stepsize, and shrinkage parameters in order to relax the regularity conditions required to achieve the desired level of statistical accuracy. Experimental results on real and synthetic data show that slow kill outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in various situations while being computationally efficient for large-scale data.