gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Media Player for Use in Distance Education (2004)

We have developed a media player for use in distance education. The player can incorporate several time-indexed sources, including video, audio, PowerPoint, and text index. We have converted all the SMA 5503 Introduction to Algorithms lecture videos for use with the player. Student response to the player has been excellent. The media player's graphical user interface (see Fig. 1) permits a student viewer to navigate a video by the text index. The text index can be produced either automatically by a PowerPoint plug-in developed by David Mycue of MIT's Academic Media Production Systems, or manually by a teaching assistant using an ordinary text editor. The student can flip easily through PowerPoint slides, invoking the video only when needed, rather than being forced to watch video presentation of material the student already understands. The player also allows playback to be accelerated up to twice real-time speed without changing the speaker's tone, thereby allowing the student to watch a video in much less time that would otherwise be possible. A single-click button allows the student to skip backward in the video a few seconds, easing the replay of critical material. Another single-click button allows the user to skip forward. Although none of the features in this media player are unique or original, their combination provides a platform for lecture viewing, superior to the one currently being used by SMA. Ongoing work on the player includes adding more features to the player, such as allowing students to add multiple streams of other information (e.g., notes, snapshots of the lecture, etc.) which will be synchronized with the video in the same manner as the text indices and the slides in the current version.
Measurement of disease activity in ulcerative colitis (2010)

Granularity, vascular pattern, ulceration, and bleeding-friability demonstrated good reproducibility and were predictors of the GAES in UC patients.
5GCHAMPION - Disruptive 5G Technologies for Roll-Out in 2018 (2018)

The 5GCHAMPION Europe–Korea collaborative project provides the first fully‐integrated and operational 5G prototype in 2018, in conjunction with the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games. The corresponding technological advances comprise both an evolution and optimization of existing technological solutions and disruptive new features, which substantially outpace previous generations of technology. In this article, we focus on a subset of three disruptive technological solutions developed and experimented on by 5GCHAMPION during the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Games: high speed communications, direct satellite‐user equipment communications, and post‐sale evolution of wireless equipment through software reconfiguration. Evaluating effectiveness and performing trials for these key 5G features permit us to learn about the actual maturity of 5G technology prototyping and the potential of new 5G services for vertical markets and end user enhanced experience two years before the launch of large‐scale 5G services.
Facile Splitting of Hydrogen and Ammonia by Nucleophilic Activation at a Single Carbon Center (2007)

In possessing a lone pair of electrons and an accessible vacant orbital, singlet carbenes resemble transition metal centers and thus could potentially mimic their chemical behavior. Although singlet di(amino)carbenes are inert toward dihydrogen, it is shown that more nucleophilic and electrophilic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes can activate H2 under mild conditions, a reaction that has long been known for transition metals. However, in contrast to transition metals that act as electrophiles toward dihydrogen, these carbenes primarily behave as nucleophiles, creating a hydride-like hydrogen, which then attacks the positively polarized carbon center. This nucleophilic behavior allows these carbenes to activate NH3 as well, a difficult task for transition metals because of the formation of Lewis acid-base adducts.
Analysis and modeling of conductive EMI noise of power electronics converters in electric and hybrid electric vehicles (2008)

In developing a complex power electronic system, proper modeling at prototype sample level can save the time and cost to develop final product. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is equipped with several high powered electric devices such as DC/DC converters and DC/AC inverters. Considering that there are many restrictions in mounting and wiring the electric power system in engine room, analysis and modeling of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) coupling path is crucial in designing optimal electric power system satisfying various EMC regulations. In this paper, conductive common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) equivalent models for those electric power converters used in HEV were developed and evaluated through the simulation both in time domain and frequency domain using FFT. It is confirmed that the suggested model followed the actual circuit in the point of conducted CM and DM EMI view.
Expression and role of the angiotensin II AT2 receptor in human prostate tissue: In search of a new therapeutic option for prostate cancer (2013)

AT2R and ATIP are present in non-tumoral human prostate tissues and differentially regulated according to Gleason score. The decrease in non-tumoral prostate cell number upon selective AT2R stimulation suggests that AT2R may have a protective role against prostate cancer development. Treatment with a selective AT2R agonist could represent a new approach for prostate cancer prevention or for patients on active surveillance.
Effect of polymer morphology on P3HT-based solid-state dye sensitized solar cells: an ultrafast spectroscopic investigation (2013)

Solid-state dye sensitized solar cell devices are fabricated with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the hole transporting layer. Upon annealing treatment we obtained ≈ 70% increase in the device efficiency compared to un-annealed devices. Our investigation, by means of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopic characterization, correlates the increased device performances to a more efficient hole-transfer at the dye/polymer interface in the thermally treated P3HT.
Low Latency HARQ Method Using Early Retransmission Prior to Channel Decoding with Multistage Decision (2019)

This paper proposes an extension to a previously reported low latency hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) method that uses early retransmission prior to channel decoding to perform multistage judgment at early-retransmission decision. The previous method mitigates the increased transmission latency resulting mainly from the delay time required for channel decoding in HARQ by requesting early retransmission before the channel decoding process is completed based on the channel state information (CSI) obtained before channel decoding. However, the early-retransmission decision may include error that results in unnecessary retransmission and consequently throughput loss. To address the potential throughput loss due to the decision error in the early-retransmission request, we use multistage decision in which the number of bits conveyed by the early-retransmission packet is controlled dependent on the measured CSI before channel decoding. By setting the number of retransmitted coded bits to a low value when the observed channel state seems on the verge of performing early retransmission, we reduce the throughput loss when the early retransmission is not necessary since the initial packet is eventually channel decoded correctly. Simulation results show that the proposed extension further improves the achievable tradeoff between the transmission latency and throughput, which contributes to achieving ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC).
A canonical seed assignment model for key predistribution in wireless sensor networks (2007)

A promising solution for trust establishment in wireless sensor networks is the assignment of cryptographic seeds (keys, secrets, etc.) to sensor nodes prior to network deployment, known as key predistribution . In this article, we propose a canonical seed assignment model for key predistribution characterizing seed assignment in terms of the probability distribution describing the number of nodes receiving each seed and the algorithm for seed assignment. In addition, we present a sampling framework for seed assignment algorithms in the canonical model. We propose a probabilistic k -connectivity model for randomly deployed secure networks using spatial statistics and geometric random graph theory. We analyze key predistribution schemes in the canonical model in terms of network connectivity and resilience to node capture. The analytical results can be used to determine the average or worst-case connectivity or resilience to node capture for a key predistribution scheme. Furthermore, we demonstrate the design of new key predistribution schemes and the inclusion of existing schemes in the canonical model. Finally, we present a general approach to analyze the addition of nodes to an existing secure network and derive results for a well-known scheme.
Adenosine in the tuberomammillary nucleus inhibits the histaminergic system via A1receptors and promotes non-rapid eye movement sleep (2008)

Adenosine has been proposed to promote sleep through A(1) receptors (A(1)R's) and/or A(2A) receptors in the brain. We previously reported that A(2A) receptors mediate the sleep-promoting effect of prostaglandin D(2), an endogenous sleep-inducing substance, and that activation of these receptors induces sleep and blockade of them by caffeine results in wakefulness. On the other hand, A(1)R has been suggested to increase sleep by inhibition of the cholinergic region of the basal forebrain. However, the role and target sites of A(1)R in sleep-wake regulation remained controversial. In this study, immunohistochemistry revealed that A(1)R was expressed in histaminergic neurons of the rat tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN). In vivo microdialysis showed that the histamine release in the frontal cortex was decreased by microinjection into the TMN of N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), an A(1)R agonist, adenosine or coformycin, an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, which catabolizes adenosine to inosine. Bilateral injection of CPA into the rat TMN significantly increased the amount and the delta power density of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM; NREM) sleep but did not affect REM sleep. CPA-promoted sleep was observed in WT mice but not in KO mice for A(1)R or histamine H(1) receptor, indicating that the NREM sleep promoted by A(1)R-specific agonist depended on the histaminergic system. Furthermore, the bilateral injection of adenosine or coformycin into the rat TMN increased NREM sleep, which was completely abolished by coadministration of 1,3-dimethyl-8-cyclopenthylxanthine, a selective A(1)R antagonist. These results indicate that endogenous adenosine in the TMN suppresses the histaminergic system via A(1)R to promote NREM sleep.
Depression of positive magneto-conductance due to anti-weak localization effect in annealed In2O3-ZnO thick films (2012)

We investigated the magneto-conductivity Δ in three dimensional indium zinc oxide films with different resistivity ρ prepared by postannealing in air. The weak localization theory was fitted to data of Δ H) at temperatures below 50K by the use of suitable inelastic scattering time τi(T) and spin-orbit(S-O) scattering time τi. We found the ρ dependences of both times τ and τi in a range 1.5 × 10−3Ω < ρ 300K) <4 × 10−6Ω. As ρ increases, the ratio τi/τ increases from ≍ .005 to ≍ .5 and the Δ − at low temperatures changes from positive to negative values. We suggest a picture that the annealing in air brings the change of the S-O scattering from light to heavy atoms, namely, oxygen to indium and/or zinc atoms.
AB005. SOH22ABS117. Prospective evaluation of the 2021 National Cancer Control Program (NCCP) mammogram only pathway (2022)

Background: Referral numbers to symptomatic breast clinics in Ireland continue to increase. In April 2021, the National Cancer Control Program (NCCP) launched a new symptomatic breast referral guideline. This included a ‘Mammogram Only’ stream that enabled women over age 35 with mastalgia and a normal clinical assessment in primary care to proceed to mammography, obviating the need for a clinic visit. This study evaluates the outcomes of the first four months of implementation of the ‘Mammogram Only’ pathway. Methods: All women, aged over 35, who were referred to St. Vincent’s University Hospital and triaged to the new ‘Mammogram Only’ pathway from 01/04/2021 to 31/07/2021 were identified for audit. Outcomes assessed were rate of cancer diagnosis, rate of recall for further imaging assessment and rate of biopsy. The comparative cohort were non-urgent referrals (>35 yrs) triaged to our ‘Image 1st Pathway’ (mammography followed by subsequent clinic visit). Results: A total of 251 women (median age 52) were assigned to the ‘Mammogram Only’ pathway and attended for mammography. Eighteen patients (7%) were recalled for further evaluation with 8 (3%) undergoing a biopsy. Four patients (1.6%) patients were diagnosed with breast cancer. Of the 575 patients during the same time frame who were evaluated through the ‘Image 1st Pathway’ the corresponding figures were: recall rate 12%, biopsy 6%, cancer 2.6%. Conclusions: This initial experience of the ‘Mammogram Only’ pathway confirms the ability of primary care to stratify patients with normal clinical assessment and mastalgia only for mammography with low rates of recall and biopsy and a cancer detection rate of <2%.
Seamless Weft Knit Vest with Integrated Needle Sensing Zone for Monitoring Shoulder Movement: A First Methodological Study (2023)

The integration of textile-based flexible sensors and electronic devices has accelerated the development of wearable textiles for posture monitoring. The complexity of the processes required to create a complete monitoring product is currently reflected in three main areas. The first is the sensor production process, which is complex. Second, the integration of the sensor into the garment requires gluing or stitching. Finally, the production of the base garment requires cutting and sewing. These processes deteriorate the user experience and hinder the commercial mass production of wearable textiles. In this paper, we knitted a one-piece seamless knitted vest (OSKV) utilizing the one-piece seamless knitting technique and positioned an embedded needle sensing zone (EHSZ) with good textile properties and electrical performance for monitoring human shoulder activity. The EHSZ was knitted together with the OSKV, eliminating the need for an integration process. The EHSZ exhibited good sensitivity (GF = 2.23), low hysteresis (0.29 s), a large stretch range (200%), and excellent stability (over 300 cycles), satisfying the requirement to capture a wide range of deformation signals caused by human shoulder movements. The OSKV described the common vest process structure without the stitching process. Furthermore, OSKV fulfilled the demand for seamless and trace-free monitoring while effortlessly and aesthetically satisfying the knitting efficiency of commercial garments.
Scholarpedia of Touch (2015)

Scholarpediaâs Encyclopedia of Touch provides a comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed articles written by leading researchers, detailing our current scientific understanding of tactile sensing and its neural substrates in animals including humans. The encyclopedia allows ideas and insights to be shared between researchers working on different aspects of touch and in different species, including research in synthetic touch systems. In addition, this encyclopedia raises awareness of research in tactile sensing and increases scientific and public interest in the field. The articles address subjects including tactile control, whiskered robots, vibrissal coding, the molecular basis of touch, invertebrate mechanoreception, fingertip transducers and tactile sensing. All the articles in this encyclopedia provide in-depth and state-of-the-art scholarly treatment of the academic topics concerned, making it an excellent reference work for academics, professionals and students.
Annular-Beam Pumped Para-Hydrogen Raman Laser (1996)

Annular pump beams from the unstable resonator of a transversely excited atmospheric CO2 power oscillator were efficiently converted to quasi-gaussian Stokes beams using a multiple pass cell. The conversion characteristics and the spatial profile of the Stokes beam were analyzed using a numerical model.
Correction: Obesity and Response to Infliximab in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Pooled Analysis of Individual Participant Data from Clinical Trials (2019)

The American Journal of Gastroenterology 114(6):p 1011, June 2019. | DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000253
Solar cells doping by beam line and plasma immersion ion implantation (2014)

The doping of n-type silicon solar cells was investigated using two ion implantation techniques: beam line and plasma immersion. Initially we studied the effects of beam line ion implantation, where the dopants were activated by two different annealing routines. The first one used a single annealing to activate both B implanted emitter and P implanted back surface field (BSF), while the second one used two different annealing to separately activate the dopants. Good yield was reached with a record cell of 20.33% efficiency. Secondly, we investigated the doping by plasma immersion ion implantation with final objective of fabricate a solar cell fully doped by plasma.
Histamine-induced Ca2+ entry precedes Ca2+ mobilization in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells (1994)

The relationship between histamine-induced Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+ entry in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells has been investigated. Stopped-flow fluorimetry of fura-2-loaded chromaffin cell populations revealed that 10 microM histamine promoted entry of Ca2+ or Mn2+ without measurable delay (< or = 20 ms), through a pathway that was insensitive to the dihydropyridine antagonist nifedipine. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, or in the presence of 100 microM La3+, a blocker of receptor-mediated Ca2+ entry, 10 microM histamine triggered an elevation in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), but only after a delay of approx. 200 ms, which presumably represented the time required to mobilize intracellular Ca2+. These data suggested that histamine-induced bivalent-cation entry precedes extensive Ca2+ mobilization in chromaffin cells. In order to confirm that histamine can promote Ca2+ entry largely independently of mobilizing intracellular Ca2+, the ability of histamine to promote Ca2+ entry into cells whose intracellular Ca2+ store had been largely depleted was assessed. Fura-2-loaded chromaffin cells were treated with 10 microM ryanodine together with 40 mM caffeine, to deplete the hormone-sensitive Ca2+ store. This resulted in an approx. 95% inhibition of histamine-induced Ca2+ release. Under these conditions, histamine was still able to promote an entry of Ca2+ that was essentially indistinguishable from that promoted in control cells. In single cells, introduction of heparin (100 mg/ml), but not de-N-sulphated heparin (100 mg/ml), abolished the histamine-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. All these data suggest that histamine can induce G-protein- or inositol phosphate-dependent rapid (< or = 20 ms) Ca2+ entry without an extensive intracellular mobilization response in chromaffin cells, which points to activation of an entry mechanism distinct from the Ca(2+)-release-activated Ca2+ channel found in non-excitable cells.
Binding modes of thioflavin T and Congo red to the fibril structure of amyloid-β(1–42) (2020)

Binding modes for the amyloid-β(1–42) fibril fluorescent dyes thioflavin T and Congo red were predicted by molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations.
Determination of the Strange-Quark Density of the Proton from ATLAS Measurements of theW→ℓνandZ→ℓℓCross Sections (2012)

A QCD analysis is reported of ATLAS data on inclusive W(±) and Z boson production in pp collisions at the LHC, jointly with ep deep-inelastic scattering data from HERA. The ATLAS data exhibit sensitivity to the light quark sea composition and magnitude at Bjorken x∼0.01. Specifically, the data support the hypothesis of a symmetric composition of the light quark sea at low x. The ratio of the strange-to-down sea quark distributions is determined to be 1.00(-0.28)(+0.25) at absolute four-momentum transfer squared Q(2)=1.9 GeV(2) and x=0.023.
Initial growth stage and optical properties of a three-dimensional InAs structure on GaAs (1994)

A few mololayers of InAs is heteroepitaxially grown on GaAs substrate by molecular-beam epitaxy. Structure and optical properties are investigated. Reflection high-energy electron-diffraction observation reveals that an InAs layer forms a three-dimensional structure with specific facets after two-dimensional growth. The transmission electron microscope observation shows that these structures have structural anisotropy in the growth plane. Photoluminescense spectroscopy shows that the luminescence from the InAs structures exhibits the polarization property caused by the quantum dot effect of the structural anisotropy.
Phase-conjugated twin signals generation with oppositely-biased paired IQ modulators (2014)

We propose and demonstrate phase-conjugated twin signals generation using oppositely-biased paired IQ modulators. Phase conjugation is electro-optically realized without relying on electrical-domain processing. Nonlinear phase shift of 20-Gb/s QPSK is experimentally compensated for.
The PAR2 signal peptide prevents premature receptor cleavage and activation (2020)

Unlike closely related GPCRs, protease-activated receptors (PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, and PAR4) have a predicted signal peptide at their N-terminus, which is encoded by a separate exon, suggesting that the signal peptides of PARs may serve an important and unique function, specific for PARs. In this report, we show that the PAR2 signal peptide, when fused to the N-terminus of IgG-Fc, effectively induced IgG-Fc secretion into culture medium, thus behaving like a classical signal peptide. The presence of PAR2 signal peptide has a strong effect on PAR2 cell surface expression, as deletion of the signal peptide (PAR2ΔSP) led to dramatic reduction of the cell surface expression and decreased responses to trypsin or the synthetic peptide ligand (SLIGKV). However, further deletion of the tethered ligand region (SLIGKV) at the N-terminus rescued the cell surface receptor expression and the response to the synthetic peptide ligand, suggesting that the signal peptide of PAR2 may be involved in preventing PAR2 from intracellular protease activation before reaching the cell surface. Supporting this hypothesis, an Arg36Ala mutation on PAR2ΔSP, which disabled the trypsin activation site, increased the receptor cell surface expression and the response to ligand stimulation. Similar effects were observed when PAR2ΔSP expressing cells were treated with protease inhibitors. Our findings indicated that there is a role of the PAR2 signal peptide in preventing the premature activation of PAR2 from intracellular protease cleavage before reaching the cells surface. The same mechanism may also apply to PAR1, PAR3, and PAR4.