gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synchronous Photoinitiation of Endothelial NO Synthase Activity by a Nanotrigger Targeted at Its NADPH Site (2007)

We designed a new nanotrigger to synchronize and monitor an enzymatic activity interacting specifically with the conserved NADPH binding site. The nanotrigger (NT) combines a docking moiety targeting the NADPH site and a chromophore moiety responsive to light excitation for efficient electron transfer to the protein. Specific binding of the nanotrigger to the reductase domain of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOSred) was demonstrated by competition between NADPH and the nanotrigger on the reduction of eNOSred flavin. A micromolar Ki was estimated. We had monitored initiation of eNOSred activity by ultrafast transient spectroscopy. The transient absorption spectrum recorded at 250 ps fits the expected sum of the reduced and oxidized species, independently obtained by other chemical methods, in agreement with a photoinduced electron transfer from the excited nanotrigger to the flavin moiety of eNOSred. The rate of electron transfer from the excited state of the nanotrigger (NT*) to the protein is estimated to be k(ET) = (7 +/- 2) x 10(9) s(-1) using the decay of oxidized eNOSred-bound nanotrigger compared against prereduced eNOSred or glucose 6-P dehydrogenase as controls. This fast electron transfer bypasses the slow hydride transfer to initiate NOS catalysis as shown by ultrafast kinetics using the eNOSred mutated in the regulatory F1160 residue. The selective targeting of the nanotrigger to NADPH sites should allow controlled initiation of the enzymatic activity of numerous proteins containing an NADPH site.
An Investigation on Border Traps in III–V MOSFETs With an In0.53Ga0.47As Channel (2015)

Continuing CMOS performance scaling requires developing MOSFETs of high-mobility semiconductors and InGaAs is a strong candidate for n-channel. InGaAs MOSFETs, however, suffer from high densities of border traps, and their origin and impact on device characteristics are poorly understood at present. In this paper, the border traps in nMOSFETs with an In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As channel and Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> gate oxide are investigated using the discharging-based energy profiling technique. By analyzing the trap energy distributions after charging under different gate biases, two types of border traps together with their energy distributions are identified. Their different dependences on temperature and charging time support that they have different physical origins. The impact of channel thickness on them is also discussed. Identifying and understanding these different types of border traps can assist in the future process optimization. Moreover, border trap study can yield crucial information for long-term reliability modeling and device time-to-failure projection.
Enigmol: A Novel Sphingolipid Analogue with Anticancer Activity against Cancer Cell Lines and In vivo Models for Intestinal and Prostate Cancer (2011)

Sphingoid bases are cytotoxic for many cancer cell lines and are thought to contribute to suppression of intestinal tumorigenesis in vivo by ingested sphingolipids. This study explored the behavior of a sphingoid base analogue, (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-3,5-dihydroxyoctadecane (Enigmol), that cannot be phosphorylated by sphingosine kinases and is slowly N-acylated and therefore is more persistent than natural sphingoid bases. Enigmol had potential anticancer activity in a National Cancer Institute (NCI-60) cell line screen and was confirmed to be more cytotoxic and persistent than naturally occurring sphingoid bases using HT29 cells, a colon cancer cell line. Although the molecular targets of sphingoid bases are not well delineated, Enigmol shared one of the mechanisms that has been found for naturally occurring sphingoid bases: normalization of the aberrant accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus and cytoplasm of colon cancer cells due to defect(s) in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/β-catenin regulatory system. Enigmol also had antitumor efficacy when administered orally to Min mice, a mouse model with a truncated APC gene product (C57Bl/6J(Min/+) mice), decreasing the number of intestinal tumors by half at 0.025% of the diet (w/w), with no evidence of host toxicity until higher dosages. Enigmol was also tested against the prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and PC-3 in nude mouse xenografts and suppressed tumor growth in both. Thus, Enigmol represents a novel category of sphingoid base analogue that is orally bioavailable and has the potential to be effective against multiple types of cancer.
Aspirin causes endothelium-dependent vasodilation of resistance arteries from non-gravid and gravid rats (2019)

This is the first study to show a direct vasodilatory effect of aspirin on rat uterine artery that is mediated by a combination of cellular - primarily endothelial - mechanisms. Our results in UA suggest that the use of aspirin may be effective in enhancing uteroplacental blood flow, while its vasodilation effect on MA may lower peripheral resistance.
Thermodynamic Strategies for C–O Bond Formation and Cleavage via Tandem Catalysis (2016)

To reduce global reliance on fossil fuels, new renewable sources of energy that can be used with the current infrastructure are required. Biomass represents a major source of renewable carbon based fuel; however, the high oxygen content (∼40%) limits its use as a conventional fuel. To utilize biomass as an energy source, not only with current infrastructure, but for maximum energy return, the oxygen content must be reduced. One method to achieve this is to develop selective catalytic methods to cleave C-O bonds commonly found in biomass (aliphatic and aromatic ethers and esters) for the eventual removal of oxygen in the form of volatile H2O or carboxylic acids. Once selective methods of C-O cleavage are understood and perfected, application to processing real biomass feedstocks such as lignin can be undertaken. This Laboratory previously reported that recyclable "green" lanthanide triflates are excellent catalysts for C-O bond-forming hydroalkoxylation reactions. Based on the virtues of microscopic reversibility, the same lanthanide triflate catalyst should catalyze the reverse C-O cleavage process, retrohydroalkoxylation, to yield an alcohol and an alkene. However, ether C-O bond-forming (retrohydroalkoxylation) to form an alcohol and alkene is endothermic. Guided by quantum chemical analysis, our strategy is to couple endothermic, in tandem, ether C-O bond cleavage with exothermic alkene hydrogenation, thereby leveraging the combined catalytic cycles thermodynamically to form an overall energetically favorable C-O cleavage reaction. This Account reviews recent developments on thermodynamically leveraged tandem catalysis for ether and more recently, ester C-O bond cleavage undertaken at Northwestern University. First, the fundamentals of lanthanide-catalyzed hydroelementation are reviewed, with particular focus on ether C-O bond formation (hydroalkoxylation). Next, the reverse C-O cleavage/retrohydroalkoxylation processes enabled by tandem catalysis are discussed for both ether and ester C-O bond cleavage, including mechanistic and computational analysis. This is followed by recent results using this tandem catalytic strategy toward biomass relevant substrates, including work deconstructing acetylated lignin models, and the production of biodiesel from triglycerides, while bypassing the production of undesired glycerol for more valuable C3 products such as diesters (precursors to diols) in up to 47% selectivity. This Account concludes with future prospects for using this tandem catalytic system under real biomass processing conditions.
Direct probe Fourier transform far-infrared study of cations in [NH4]Na-Y and [Pt(NH3)4]Na-Y zeolites and their in situ deammination reactions (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect probe Fourier transform far-infrared study of cations in [NH4]Na-Y and [Pt(NH3)4]Na-Y zeolites and their in situ deammination reactionsGeoffrey A. Ozin, Mark D. Baker, Kate Helwig, and John GodberCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 10, 1846–1849Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100256a003https://doi.org/10.1021/j100256a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Improving Polyethylene Performance - Investigation of the addition of Organoclays for the Rotational Moulding Process (2002)

The results of this study indicate that increase in Strain could be considered as an early data in the smokers without voice complaints. However, our data declared that conventional acoustic perturbation analysis did not reveal incipient Strain in voice.
Multitask Shape Optimization Using a 3-D Point Cloud Autoencoder as Unified Representation (2021)

The choice of design representations, as of search operators, is central to the performance of evolutionary optimization algorithms, in particular, for multitask problems. The multitask approach pushes further the parallelization aspect of these algorithms by solving simultaneously multiple optimization tasks using a single population. During the search, the operators implicitly transfer knowledge between solutions to the offspring, taking advantage of potential synergies between problems to drive the solutions to optimality. Nevertheless, in order to operate on the individuals, the design space of each task has to be mapped to a common search space, which is challenging in engineering cases without clear semantic overlap between parameters. Here, we apply a 3-D point cloud autoencoder to map the representations from the Cartesian to a unified design representation: the latent space of the autoencoder. The transfer of latent space features between design representations allows the reconstruction of shapes with interpolated characteristics and maintenance of common parts, which potentially improves the performance of the designs in one or more tasks during the optimization. Compared to traditional representations for shape optimization, such as free-form deformation, the latent representation enables more representative design modifications, while keeping the baseline characteristics of the learned classes of objects. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approach in an optimization scenario where we minimize the aerodynamic drag of two different car shapes with common underbodies for cost-efficient vehicle platform design.
Dipole projectors for conformal sonar system applications (2005)

Dipole projectors are being investigated for use in active sonar arrays on compliantly coated, low input impedance hulls. When the projector standoff d is acoustically small (k0d&amp;lt;1), the direct and hull-reflected signals add in phase in the far field, leading to an increase in signal strength on the order of 2 relative to a free field dipole. By contrast, the direct and reflected signals for monopole transducer will have nearly opposite phase, and the monopole will have a reduction in total signal strength on the order of 2k0d. Ideally, both transducer types have cosine directivities in-situ, although the monopole transducer response can be more strongly influenced by hull elastic contributions. Designs for two simple realizations of a dipole projector will be presented, along with beam pattern measurements made with prototype transducers at the Georgia Tech water tank facility.
Immunological parameters during treatment with ditiocarb (Imuthiolr) (1993)

No beneficial immunomodulatory effect of DTC was demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Fluoro‐α‐methyl[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐acetic Acid via Rearrangement of Aryl Ketones. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism in a Polytraumatized Patient Following Hip Arthroscopy (2009)

Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolic disease for patients undergoing orthopedic procedures remains a controversial topic. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are well studied in the total joint arthroplasty population, as are the various options for prevention and treatment. In the past few years, hip arthroscopy has enjoyed increasingly broader indications and applications, especially in patients who have suffered trauma to the hip. Current studies of hip arthroscopy, however, have not reported venous thromboembolic disease as a complication. No guidelines exist for venous thromboembolic disease prophylaxis associated with hip arthroscopy, perhaps because the need for such guidelines has not materialized. This article describes a case of fatal pulmonary embolism associated with hip arthroscopy after traumatic injury. A literature review reveals that this is the first report of this complication and that no guidelines exist regarding prophylaxis of venous thromboembolic disease in hip arthroscopy. Surgeons performing this technique should make treatment decisions on an individualized basis, considering patient- and injury-specific factors.
Saccadic eye movement changes in Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies (2005)

Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) affect cortical and subcortical networks involved in saccade generation. We therefore expected impairments in saccade performance in both disorders. In order to improve the pathophysiological understanding and to investigate the usefulness of saccades for differential diagnosis, saccades were tested in age- and education-matched patients with PDD (n = 20) and DLB (n = 20), Alzheimer's disease (n = 22) and Parkinson's disease (n = 24), and controls (n = 24). Reflexive (gap, overlap) and complex saccades (prediction, decision and antisaccade) were tested with electro-oculography. PDD and DLB patients had similar impairment in all tasks (P > 0.05, not significant). Compared with controls, they were impaired in both reflexive saccade execution (gap and overlap latencies, P < 0.0001; gains, P < 0.004) and complex saccade performance (target prediction, P < 0.0001; error decisions, P < 0.003; error antisaccades: P < 0.0001). Patients with Alzheimer's disease were only impaired in complex saccade performance (Alzheimer's disease versus controls, target prediction P < 0.001, error decisions P < 0.0001, error antisaccades P < 0.0001), but not reflexive saccade execution (for all, P > 0.05). Patients with Parkinson's disease had, compared with controls, similar complex saccade performance (for all, P > 0.05) and only minimal impairment in reflexive tasks, i.e. hypometric gain in the gap task (P = 0.04). Impaired saccade execution in reflexive tasks allowed discrimination between DLB versus Alzheimer's disease (sensitivity > or =60%, specificity > or =77%) and between PDD versus Parkinson's disease (sensitivity > or =60%, specificity > or =88%) when +/-1.5 standard deviations was used for group discrimination. We conclude that impairments in reflexive saccades may be helpful for differential diagnosis and are minimal when either cortical (Alzheimer's disease) or nigrostriatal neurodegeneration (Parkinson's disease) exists solely; however, they become prominent with combined cortical and subcortical neurodegeneration in PDD and DLB. The similarities in saccade performance in PDD and DLB underline the overlap between these conditions and underscore differences from Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
Gene Signatures for the Prediction of Response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy in Primary pT1 Bladder Cancers (2010)

Predictive gene signatures have diagnostic value for determining the response to intravesical BCG immunotherapy in primary pT1 bladder cancer.
GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN MYTILUS EDULIS: THE EFFECT OF HYPERAMMONIA (2001)

International audience
Zwitterionic Copolymerization: Synthesis of Cyclic Gradient Copolymers (2011)

How to get rich fast: The zwitterionic copolymerization of δ-valerolactone (VL) and ε-caprolactone (CL) provides an expedient route to cyclic gradient copolymers. The faster ring-opening of VL relative to CL with N-heterocyclic carbenes, coupled with sufficiently long lifetimes of the growing zwitterions leads to a polymer structure comprised of VL-rich sequences that transition to CL-rich sequences in a cyclic macromolecule (see scheme). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Parallel Computation and Control Computer for Microrobotics (1989)

A new parallel computer architecture suitable for high speed computation and real time control is presented. The distributed memory multiple processor system is based upon two novel concepts. Firstly, interprocessor communication is effected by reading and writing to dual port memory modules shared between pairs of processors. Communication between processors may be performed in the same order of time as that required to access local memory. Secondly, a three dimensional arrangement of communication busses results in regions of close bus to bus proximity making practicable a fully connected system with a moderate number of processors.
Stub-Loaded Sub-Terahertz Wideband Antenna Design and Measurement (2022)

This paper presents a wideband dual-fed/dual-polarized sub-terahertz (THz) array antenna design and D-band measurement system setup. The designed array is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$4\times 1$</tex> linear array operating from 136 to 148 GHz. The array is fed by vertically constructed corporate feeding network, and it is fabricated through printed circuit board (PCB) using modified semi-additive process (mSAP). For wideband impedance matching of the antenna element, stub-loaded proximity coupled stacked patch antenna is introduced. By employing two or more open/short stubs on vertical via transition of the proximity coupled line, wideband input impedance matching is achieved, and these stubs can be easily integrated into the antenna element without increasing the element size. A customized probe station is also built to enable probing from the bottom side of the probe station. This feature is very useful for accurate measurement and characterization of antenna-in-package (AiP). To obtain true antenna and feeding network performance of the AiP, RF probing must be conducted on bump pads where radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) is mounted as a flip-chip. The simulated and measured bandwidth of the 4×1 linear array is over 24.3 GHz with return loss of 10 dB. The maximum gain is measured as 9.1 dBi in the proposed D-band measurement system.
On the relationship between induced polarization and surface area in metal-sand and clay-sand mixtures (2006)

Abstract Induced polarization (IP) measurements were conducted on saturated kaolinite-, iron-, and magnetite-sand mixtures as a function of varying percentage weight of a mineral constituent: 0%–100% for iron and magnetite and 0%–32% for kaolinite. We determined the specific surface area for each mineral using nitrogen gas adsorption, where the porosity of each mixture was calculated from weight loss after drying. We fit a Cole-Cole model (Cole and Cole, 1941) to the electrical data obtained for the magnetite and iron mixtures. In contrast, the kaolinite mixtures showed a power-law dependence of phase-on frequency. The global polarization magnitude we obtained from the Cole-Cole modeling of the iron and magnetite mixtures displays a single, near-linear dependence on the ratio of surface area to pore volume (Sp) calculated for the mixtures. A similar relationship is found using a local measure of polarization (imaginary conductivity at 1 Hz) for the clay-sand mixtures. The Sp appears to be a critical parameter for determining IP in both metallic- and clay-containing soils. This result is not easily reconciled with traditional models of induced polarization.
Evaluation of Dentifrice Containing Nano-hydroxyapatite for Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2015)

The HAP containing toothpaste was effective in reducing dentin hypersensitivity with pre-existing benchmark toothpaste tested and hence can be advocated in the management of hypersensitivity.
OPA3 gene mutations responsible for autosomal dominant optic atrophy and cataract (2004)

<h3>ABSTRACT:</h3> To lessen soil erosion due to high animal stocking rates on small Georgia dairies, the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) recommends a system that utilizes geotextile material covered with crusher run gravel as a soil cover in high animal traffic areas. Our objective was to determine the runoff and leachate characteristics of a typical system. At a 60-cow dairy in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, a loafing lot was constructed on a Pacolet sandy loam soil (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Kanhapludult). Tile drains were installed at 0.65 m (26 in) depth on 7.5 m (25 ft) spacing. Approximately 18 percent of the rainfall became surface runoff. Surface runoff water typically contained levels of NH<sub>4</sub>-N and PO<sub>4</sub>-P that exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for surface water. Approximately 32 percent of the rainfall became drainage water that moved below the top 1.5 m (60 in) soil profile and had nitrate levels ranging from 10 to 40 mg NO<sub>3</sub>-N L<sup>−1</sup>. Our results indicate that surface water running off of these sites should be impounded in a lagoon or similar structure and these systems should not be located in areas where groundwater contamination is a concern.