gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymorphic Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Isotactic 1-Butene–Ethylene Copolymers from Metallocene Catalysts (2014)

A study of the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of random isotactic butene–ethylene copolymers prepared with a metallocene catalyst is presented. The use of the metallocene catalysis ensures a fine control over the molecular structure with low concentration of rr stereodefects (0.8%), negligible amount of regiodefects, and random and uniform distribution of ethylene constitutional defects. This molecular characteristic has allowed evidencing the only effect of the presence of ethylene units on the polymorphic behavior and mechanical properties of isotactic polybutene (iPB). The presence of ethylene accelerates the transition of form II into form I at room temperature and at concentration of nearly 6 mol % favors the direct crystallization from the melt of the stable form I. The presence of ethylene also affects the mechanical behavior of iPB and produces increase of flexibility and ductility with increasing ethylene content. A significant modification of the properties of iPB is observed for ethylene concentration higher than 8 mol %, with development of elastomeric properties, never observed for the iPB homopolymer prepared with Ziegler–Natta catalysts and not observed in the iPB homopolymer with similar content of stereo defects. In these samples, elastomeric properties are due to the low degree of crystallinity that develops upon aging at room temperature by direct crystallization of form I′ from the amorphous phase.
Association of a Mast Cell Chymase Gene Variant with HDL Cholesterol, but not with Blood Pressure in the Ohasama Study (2002)

Two enzymes, chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), are involved in the production of angiotensin II. Our previous study revealed the male-specific effect of the ACE DD genotype on the risk for hypertension, but the genetic role of chymase remains unclear. In the present study, we report the results of an association study involving 1,046 subjects recruited from a general population in Ohasama, a rural community in the northern part of Japan. In addition to casual blood pressure (casual BP) measurement, home BP measurements were obtained from all participants. There were no differences in either home or casual BP values according to G3255A polymorphism of the mast cell chymase gene (MCC). HDL cholesterol level was significantly higher among carriers of the A3255 allele (p<0.04). After adjustment for confounding factors, the A3255 allele was still shown to have an effect on HDL cholesterol metabolism (p<0.03). Multiple regression analysis showed that MCC polymorphism was significantly and independently related to serum HDL cholesterol level. In conclusion, G3255A polymorphism of MCC is not directly associated with blood pressure but may modulate the prevalence of hypertensive complications via alteration of lipid metabolism.
Dynamically Modulating the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (2011)

Localized surface plasmon absorption features arise at high doping levels in semiconductor nanocrystals, appearing in the near-infrared range. Here we show that the surface plasmons of tin-doped indium oxide nanocrystal films can be dynamically and reversibly tuned by postsynthetic electrochemical modulation of the electron concentration. Without ion intercalation and the associated material degradation, we induce a > 1200 nm shift in the plasmon wavelength and a factor of nearly three change in the carrier density.
Swelling-Activated Cl−Channels Support Cl−Secretion by Bovine Ciliary Epithelium (2006)

ICl,swell of NPE cells is functionally expressed in intact ciliary epithelium and is oriented to subserve aqueous humor formation. NPE cell volume can be measured with calcein-fluorescence quenching. ICl,swell may be stimulated by increased stromal fluid uptake and delivery to the NPE cells, facilitating Cl- secretion and increasing fluid release into the posterior chamber.
Mechanisms of Activity Loss in PtCo Alloy Systems (2007)

The mechanism of activity loss in Pt and PtCo alloy systems has been investigated during 0.6 - 1.0 V and 0.6 - 1.2 V vs RHE cycling regimes using an electrochemical cell that allows electrochemical metal area (ECA) loss measurement and electrolyte sampling. Dissolution of platinum and base metal into the electrolyte was quantified using ICP-MS and TEM used to look for changes in catalyst morphology with cycles. ECA loss and base metal removal were found to be potential dependent. PtCo alloys were found to be more stable to ECA loss by Ostwald-ripening and dissolution than Pt. In terms of base metal loss the PtCo alloy was unstable and cycling was found to remove similar amounts of Co by dissolution as chemical acid leaching. Loss of Co from the surface layers of the catalyst was found to remove the enhanced stability and activity benefits of this catalyst making it more platinum like.
Towards business processes orchestrating the physical enterprise with wireless sensor networks (2012)

The industrial adoption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is hampered by two main factors. First, there is a lack of integration of WSNs with business process modeling languages and back-ends. Second, programming WSNs is still challenging as it is mainly performed at the operating system level. To this end, we provide makeSense: a unified programming framework and a compilation chain that, from high-level business process specifications, generates code ready for deployment on WSN nodes.
Intrinsic Propensity of IGBTs to High-Frequency Short-Circuit Oscillations (2020)

TCAD device simulations of a circuit with just one IGBT structure, an ideal driver and an ideal DC-link voltage source demonstrate that IGBTs may have an intrinsic propensity to high-frequency short-circuit oscillations (SCOs). Simulations of a one-dimensional n-p-n-p structure without a classic MOS gate reveal that the fundamental oscillation mechanism is caused by the periodic storage and release of charge carriers across the device, and not by a varying charge accumulation at the silicon-oxide interface. Simulations with different IGBT structures and corresponding n-p-n-p structures show a comparable voltage range with short circuit oscillations, which verifies that the occurrence of high-frequency short-circuit oscillations depends strongly on the vertical distributions of the charge-carrier densities and the electric-field strength in the drift zone.
Parietal cortex lesions do not impair retention performance of rats in a 14-unit T-maze unless hippocampal damage is present (1990)

Young male F-344 rats, pretrained in a straight runway to avoid shock, were then trained in a shock-motivated 14-unit T-maze. One day after maze acquisition, extensive parietal cortex lesions (PC) or sham operations (CON) were performed to assess possible involvement of parietal cortex in the age-related impairment previously observed in this task. Twelve days after surgery, a first 10-trial retention session in the 14-unit T-maze was conducted. One day later the vibrissae of half the rats in each group were clipped to examine involvement of the damaged barrel cortex field in maze performance of rats with PC lesions. The following day a second 10-trial retention session occurred. Finally, retention of the straight runway avoidance response was tested. Histological verification revealed a group with consistent parietal damage but also a subgroup with relatively small lesions to dorsal or lateral hippocampus in addition to parietal damage (PC + HIP). Behavioral results revealed virtually perfect maze retention for CON and PC rats. In contrast, PC + HIP rats were severely impaired in maze retention performance. Retention of the straight runway avoidance response was perfect in CON and PC rats but was impaired in PC + HIP rats. Vibrissae clipping did not affect error performance in the maze but led to a transitory increase in runtime. Overall, the results indicate that parietal lobe damage shortly after acquisition does not impair retention performance of young rats in the 14-unit T-maze, unless hippocampal damage is also evident. Thus, parietal lobe dysfunction alone would not appear to be involved in the age-related retention impairment previously observed in this task.
Impact of Hemodialysis and Post-Dialysis Period on Granular Activity Levels (2020)

Abstract Background: Physical activity (PA) is typically lower on hemodialysis (HD) days. Albeit intradialytic inactivity is expected, it is unknown whether recovery after HD contributes to low PA. We investigated the impact of HD and post-HD period on granular PA relative to HD timing. Methods: We used baseline data from the HDFIT trial conducted from August 2016 to October 2017. Accelerometry measured PA over one week in patients who received thrice-weekly high-flux HD (vintage 3 to 24 months), were clinically stable, and had no ambulatory limitations. PA was assessed on HD days (0 to ≤24 hours after start HD), first non-HD days (&gt;24 to ≤48 hours after start HD) and second non-HD day (&gt;48 to ≤72 hours after start HD). PA was recorded in blocks/slices: 4 hours during HD, 0 to ≤2 hours post-HD (30 minute slices), and &gt;2 to ≤20 hours post-HD (4.5 hour slices). Blocks/slices of PA were captured at concurrent/parallel times on first/second non-HD days compared to HD days. Results: Among 195 patients (mean age 53±15 years, 71% male), step counts per 24-hours were 3919±2899 on HD days, 5308±3131 on first non-HD days (p&lt;0.001), and 4926±3413 on second non-HD days (p=0.032). During concurrent/parallel times to HD on first and second non-HD days, patients took 1308 and 1128 more steps (both p&lt;0.001). Patients took 276 more steps and had highest rates of steps/hour 2-hours post-HD versus same times on first non-HD days (all p&lt;0.05). Consistent findings were observed on second non-HD days. Conclusions: PA was higher within 2-hours of HD versus same times on non-HD days. Lower PA on HD days was attributable to intradialytic inactivity. The established PA profiles are of importance to the design and development of exercise programs that aim to increase activity during and between HD treatments. Trial Registration: HDFIT was prospectively registered 20 April 2016 on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02787161) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02787161.
Photochemie in der DDR (2022)

Die Photochemie ist heute ein wichtiges interdisziplinäres Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet, welches Wissenschaftsbereiche aus Chemie, Physik, Biologie, Materialwissenschaften, Informationstechnik und Umweltwissenschaften vereint. Viele Technologien nutzen die Photochemie, um zu neuen Ergebnissen und Erkenntnissen zu gelangen. Insbesondere dienen photochemische Untersuchungen dazu, um stoffliche Veränderungen zu verstehen, die chemische Substanzen bei der Einwirkung elektromagnetischer Strahlung erfahren. Eine grundlegende Voraussetzung für solche Untersuchungen war die Entwicklung wichtiger photophysikalischer Untersuchungsmethoden, die vor ca. 75 Jahren weltweit in Angriff genommen wurden und im geteilten Deutschland aufgrund unterschiedlicher gesellschaftspolitischer und wirtschaftlicher Systeme unterschiedlich verlief. In diesem Rückblick soll geschildert werden, wie sich unter eingeschränkten Bedingungen die Photochemie in der DDR zu einem wichtigen Forschungszweig entwickelte. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Role of Meridional Geometry in Aerodynamic Design of Centrifugal Compressor (2018)

Higher aerodynamic performance of turbochargers has been demanded because of vehicle engine down-sizing. Centrifugal compressors for automotive turbochargers require higher efficiency and wider operating range. Meridional geometry of the centrifugal compressors is one of their design specifications and it drastically affects the aerodynamic performance of the compressor. In this study, we designed the meridional geometry by using the aerodynamic design method based on a meridional viscous flow analysis and investigated the relation between the meridional geometry and the aerodynamic performance by using the meridional viscous flow calculation results and three-dimensional RANS calculation results. As a result, the relation between the boundary layer development near the shroud and the mass flux at the trailing edge was found out according to the meridional viscous flow calculation results. In addition, the relation and the performance improvement were confirmed according to experimental results.
Enabling late-stage drug diversification by high-throughput experimentation with geometric deep learning (2022)

Late-stage functionalization (LSF) is an economical approach to optimize the properties of drug candidates. However, the chemical complexity of drug molecules often makes late-stage diversification challenging. To address this problem, an LSF platform based on geometric deep learning and high-throughput reaction screening was developed. Considering borylation as a critical step in LSF, the computational model correctly predicted the reactivity of 81% of novel substrates, while reaction yields for diverse reaction conditions were predicted with a mean absolute error margin of 4–5%. The regioselectivity of the major products was accurately captured in up to 90% of the cases studied. When applied to 23 diverse commercial drug molecules, the platform successfully identified numerous opportunities for structural diversification. The influence of steric and quantum mechanical information on model performance was quantified and a new comprehensive simple user-friendly reaction format (SURF) is introduced which proved to be a key enabler for seamlessly integrating deep learning and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) for LSF.
Analytical Estimation of Electromagnetic Pressure, Flyer Impact Velocity, and Welded Joint Length in Magnetic Pulse Welding (2022)

Magnetic pulse welding involves the joining of two metallic parts in a solid state by the use of a short and intense electromagnetic impulses and the resulting impact between the parts. The coalesced interface undergoes visco-plastic deformation at a high strain rate and exhibits a wavy shape at a microscopic scale. A practical estimation of the electromagnetic pressure, impact velocity and welded joint length as a function of the process conditions and the electromagnetic coil geometry is required but currently not available. Three novel analytical relations for the estimation of the electromagnetic pressure, impact velocity, and welded joint length for magnetic pulse welding of tubes and sheets, are presented. These relations were developed systematically, following a dimensional analysis, and validated for a wide range of conditions from independent literature. The comparison of the analytically computed results and the corresponding values reported in the literature has illustrated that the proposed analytical relations can be used for the estimation of the electromagnetic pressure and impact velocity for the magnetic pulse welding of tubes and sheets with a good level of confidence. The analytically calculated results for the welded joint length show a little discrepancy with the corresponding experimentally measured values. Further investigations and more experimentally measured results are required to arrive at a more comprehensive analytical relation for the prediction of welded joint length.
Abstract 3554: Gene and miRNA expression networks specific to never smoker lung adenocarcinoma (2014)

Abstract While smoking is well recognized as a major risk factor for lung cancer, there is a growing incidence of lung cancer in never smokers which is in turn the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Never smokers (NS) who develop lung cancer exhibit disparate profiles of somatic mutations and clinical responses to targeted therapy relative to lung cancer arising in current or former “ever” smokers (ES), suggesting that ES and NS lung cancer arise through distinct molecular processes. We therefore sought to characterize mRNA and miRNA expression differences specific to NS adenocarcinoma (AdC) to gain insights into the molecular differences underlying NS and ES AdC carcinogenesis. Total RNA was isolated from matched pairs of lung AdC tumor and adjacent histologically normal tissue obtained from 22 subjects (8 NS, 14 ES). Large and small RNA libraries were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000. Tumor-specific gene and miRNA expression differences between NS and ES were identified using linear mixed-effects ANOVA. MiRConnx was used to construct miRNA-mRNA networks. We identified 120 mRNA and 15 miRNA whose expression was modified uniquely in NS lung AdC. In the predicted miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, additional analysis pinpointed modulation of the development and cellular metabolism canonical pathway within genes connected to several of the differentially expressed miRNA (GATHER, p&amp;lt;0.001). Several of the differentially expressed mRNA and miRNA were validated by qRT-PCR in samples from an independent cohort. In summary, the construction of a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network has enabled us to identify molecular alterations that may be specific to NS lung AdC. Ultimately, these findings may serve to broaden the landscape of personalized therapeutic and treatment options by identifying targetable molecular interactions and therapeutic drug candidates for lung AdC in never smokers. Citation Format: Rebecca Kusko, Carly Garrison, Teresa Wang, Josh Campbell, Joseph Perez-Rogers, Lingqi Luo, Jennifer Beane, Gang Liu, Humam Kadara, Steven Belinsky, Marc E. Lenburg, Avrum Spira. Gene and miRNA expression networks specific to never smoker lung adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3554. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3554
Supplemental Figure 2 from Phase I/II Study of the Mesothelin-targeted Immunotoxin LMB-100 with Nab-Paclitaxel for Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Adverse events attributed to nab-paclitaxel&lt;/p&gt;
Functional Dependency Driven Auxiliary Relation Selection for Materialized Views Maintenance. (2005)

ABSTRACT In a data warehouse system, maintaining materialized views can speed up query processing. These views need to be maintained inresponse to updates in the base relations. This is often done for reasons of data currency, using incremental techniques rather than re-computing the view from scratch. However, when the datasource changes, the views in the warehouse can becomeinconsistent with the base data. Thus, maintenance of materialized views in the warehouse consistent with the base relations is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose an approach to maintain a materialized view without accessing the base relations by materializing and maintaining additional relations, known as auxiliary relations. In our approach, these auxiliary relations arederived based on the functional dependencies that hold on base relations, materialized view, and the key participation of the base relations in the materialized view. This approach helps in reducing the storage space and improves the efficiency of view maintenance. We present an algorithm to derive those auxiliaryrelations and determine which auxiliary relations need to bematerialized in order to maintain a materialized view incrementally. We also present the cost model that enables the evaluation of the total cost and benefit involved in materializing auxiliary relations.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for the Preparation of Bifunctional Gadolinium(III) Chelators (2011)

Abstract Review: 311 refs.
Vapor swellable colloidal photonic crystals with pressure tunability (2004)

Polyferrocenylsilane gel photonic crystals have been reversibly swollen using solvent vapors, and exhibit precise pressure tunability over a wavelength range of greater than 100 nm.
The biology of human hair: A multidisciplinary review (2019)

In the last century, human scalp hair morphology has been studied from multiple, and sometimes mutually exclusive, perspectives by anthropologists, biologists, geneticists, forensic scientists, and cosmetic scientists. Here, we review and synthesize historical and current research on hair to better understand the scientific basis and biological implications of hair microstructure and morphology. We revisit the origins of existing nomenclature regarding hair morphology and classifications, discuss the currently recognized limitations to hair analysis within the varied scientific disciplines studying hair, point out aspects of hair biology that remain unknown, and the great potential for integrating these diverse perspectives and expertise in future scientific investigations, while highlighting the benefits of combining nondestructive microscopical analysis with chemical and genomic analyses for explicating hair biology. Further, we propose consensus terminology for root growth stages through descriptions and images that will aid in the morphological and microscopical analysis of human scalp hair, thereby reducing confusion and the promulgation of inaccurate information that is presently in the literature.
Long-Term Outcome of Simultaneous Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor and Prostate in Patients With Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Tumor and Bladder Outlet Obstruction (2009)

Simultaneous transurethral bladder tumor and prostate resection may help decrease bladder cancer recurrence and delay time to recurrence without the risk of cancer implantation when transurethral prostate resection is done, especially in patients with a papillary, solitary-appearing bladder lesion less than 3 cm.
<title>Attainment of high D* at room temperature via gate-modulated detector interface</title> (1996)

We report the performance of InGaAs and HgCdTe FPAs using multiplexing readouts having gate modulated interface to the infrared detectors. Gate modulation enables extremely high sensitivity via self-adjusting current gain and concomitant high transimpedance. At operating temperatures where the detector current was dominated by photocurrent, gate modulation current gain is &gt; 40,000 and yield input- referred read noise of &lt; 2 e-. Key highlights include D<SUP>*</SUP> exceeding 10<SUP>13</SUP> Jones at room temperature and 10<SUP>16</SUP> Jones at 170 K with a 1.68 micrometers InGaAs FPA.
Use of Capsule Small Bowel Transit Time to Determine the Optimal Enteroscopy Approach (2012)

Capsule SBTT may be used to guide the selection of enteroscopy approach. PE, antegrade SBE, antegrade DBE and retrograde DBE are optimal when abnormalities on CE are seen at ≤ 21%, ≤ 36%, ≤ 57% and ≥ 74% SBTT respectively.