gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drift-corrected nanoplasmonic hydrogen sensing by polarization (2015)

Accurate and reliable hydrogen sensors are an important enabling technology for the large-scale introduction of hydrogen as a fuel or energy storage medium. As an example, in a hydrogen-powered fuel cell car of the type now introduced to the market, more than 15 hydrogen sensors are required for safe operation. To enable the long-term use of plasmonic sensors in this particular context, we introduce a concept for drift-correction based on light polarization utilizing symmetric sensor and sensing material nanoparticles arranged in a heterodimer. In this way the inert gold sensor element of the plasmonic dimer couples to a sensing-active palladium element if illuminated in the dimer-parallel polarization direction but not the perpendicular one. Thus the perpendicular polarization readout can be used to efficiently correct for drifts occurring due to changes of the sensor element itself or due to non-specific events like a temperature change. Furthermore, by the use of a polarizing beamsplitter, both polarization signals can be read out simultaneously making it possible to continuously correct the sensor response to eliminate long-term drift and ageing effects. Since our approach is generic, we also foresee its usefulness for other applications of nanoplasmonic sensors than hydrogen sensing.
Roadmap on inorganic perovskites for energy applications (2021)

Abstract Inorganic perovskites exhibit many important physical properties such as ferroelectricity, magnetoresistance and superconductivity as well their importance as energy materials. Many of the most important energy materials are inorganic perovskites and find application in batteries, fuel cells, photocatalysts, catalysis, thermoelectrics and solar thermal. In all these applications, perovskite oxides, or their derivatives offer highly competitive performance, often state of the art and so tend to dominate research into energy material. In the following sections, we review these functionalities in turn seeking to facilitate the interchange of ideas between domains. The potential for improvement is explored and we highlight the importance of both detailed modelling and in situ and operando studies in taking these materials forward.
69 Preliminary Results: Prevalence and Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Amenorrhea Among Women Survivors of the 2014–2016 Ebola Outbreak in Sierra Leone (2023)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1. Establish the prevalence of amenorrhea among women Ebola survivors of reproductive age. 2. Determine whether amenorrhea in Ebola survivors is associated with hyperthyroidism, primary ovarian failure, and/or low weight METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study will enroll a cohort of 150 women Ebola survivors and 150 uninfected controls from Kenema, Sierra Leone. Participants will complete women’s health questionnaires with detailed menstruation history and provide blood samples. Serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and albumin will be measured in order to explore the role of thyroid dysregulation, ovarian failure, and low weight in amenorrhea associated with prior Ebola infection. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Enrollment for the study is still in progress. As of November 14, 2022, 68 female Ebola survivors of reproductive age and 124 uninfected controls have been enrolled. Among this preliminary group, there is a high baseline level of menstrual irregularities in both survivors and controls. Prior to the Ebola outbreak, 97% of all participants reported less than 6 periods per year and 59% reported periods lasting 3 days or less. The prevalence of missed periods increased after the Ebola outbreak in both groups. Four Ebola survivors (5.9%) reported missing periods before infection, compared to 16 (23.5%) survivors after infection. Two uninfected controls (1.6%) reported missing periods before the Ebola outbreak, compared to 12 (9.7%) after the outbreak. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The next steps of this project are to complete enrollment, conduct data analysis, and perform laboratory studies. An enhanced understanding of amenorrhea is needed to develop novel medical interventions, to inform healthcare guidelines and policies, and to develop personalized treatment strategies to better care for women who have survived Ebola.
Ptenophyllidae (Rugosa) solitarios de la Formación Arpishmebulaq (Lochkoviense) en el SE de las montañas de Tian-Shan (NO de China) (1999)

In this paper, the Ptenophyllidae rugose corals of the Arpishmebulaq Formation from eastern South Tian-Shan Mountains (Xinjiang province, NW China) are described. They include five species referred to three genera. Among them, three species, Dubrovia aff. dubroviensis Zheltonogova, D. sp. A and D. sp. B are probably new, but the lack of more abundant material allows only, for the moment, their description in open nomenclature. Salairophyllum cf. angustum (Zheltonogova) and Neomphyma sp. have never been reported in this region of China. The geographical distribution of this rugose coral fauna of the Arpishmebulaq Formation bear obviously a close relationship with those from Asia (Kazakhstan, E of the Urals, Altay and Salair) and North America (Nevada and Yukon).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Plate‐Like Crystalline Hydrated Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films with Highly Improved Electrochromic Performance. (2012)

Abstract Nanostructured 3WO 3 ·H 2 O films are prepared by hydrothermal treatment of a crystal‐seed‐coated F‐doped tin oxide glass substrate and an aqueous Na 2 WO 4 solution containing HCl, H 2 O 2 , and Na 2 SO 4 as a capping agent (autoclave, 180 °C, 2 h).
1.3 μm High Performance Regrown Distributed Feedback Lasers Epitaxially Grown on Si (2021)

Regrown quantum-dot distributed feedback lasers on Si demonstrate record performance, with a threshold current of 10 mA, an intrinsic linewidth of 41.2 kHz, a side-mode suppression ratio of 57.5 dB, and a maximum power of 11.7 mW.
neboat/Moore: Initial release (2020)

Initial release of data for article, "There's Plenty of Room at the Top: What will drive computer performance after Moore's Law?"
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Anthracene-9,10-dione Dioxime β-Catenin Pathway Inhibitors (2015)

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a vital role in cell growth, the regulation, cell development, and the differentiation of normal stem cells. Constitutive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is found in many human cancers, and thus, it is an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Specific inhibitors of this pathway have been keenly researched and developed. Cell based screening of compounds library, hit-to-lead optimization, computational and structure-based design strategies resulted in the design and synthesis of a series of anthracene-9,10-dione dioxime series of compounds demonstrated potent inhibition of β-catenin in vitro (IC50 < 10 nM, 14) and the growth of several cancer cell lines. This article discusses the potential of inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as a therapeutic approach for cancer along with an overview of the development of specific inhibitors.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Overexpression by Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cells: Implications for Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Chemoresistance (2006)

To better elucidate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(165) in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance, we generated stably transfected human STS cell lines with VEGF(165) to study the effect of VEGF(165) on STS cells in vitro and the effect of culture medium from these cells on human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. Severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing xenografts of transfected cell lines were used to assess the effect of VEGF overexpression and the effect of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) 2 inhibition on STS growth, metastasis, and response to doxorubicin. VEGF(165)-transfected xenografts formed highly vascular tumors with shorter latency, accelerated growth, enhanced chemoresistance, and increased incidence of pulmonary metastases. Blockade of VEGFR2 signaling using DC101 anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody enhanced doxorubicin chemoresponse; this combined biochemotherapy inhibited tumor growth and decreased pulmonary metastases without overt toxicity. Combined therapy reduced microvessel counts while increasing vessel maturation index. VEGF overexpression did not affect on the sarcoma cells per se; however, conditioned medium from VEGF transfectants caused increased endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance. Addition of DC101 induced endothelial cell sensitivity to doxorubicin and suppressed the activity of matrix metalloproteinases secreted by endothelial cells. We therefore conclude that VEGF is a critical determinant of STS growth and metastasis and that STS chemoresistance, in our model, is a process induced by the interplay between STS cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells. STS growth and metastasis can be interrupted by combined low-dose doxorubicin and anti-VEGFR2, a strategy that attacks STS-associated endothelial cells. In the future, such therapeutic approaches may be useful in treating STS before the development of clinically apparent metastases.
Sulfated Polysaccharides as Potent Inhibitors of HIV-Induced Syncytium Formation (1990)

Multinucleated giant cell (syncytium) formation induced by the interaction between the gpl20 glycoprotein expressed on the surface of cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the CD4 receptor of uninfected CD4-positive (CD4+ ) cells may play an important role in the depletion of T4 lymphocytes in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Using a double fluorescence cell-staining technique and analysis of the cells by the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), we have demonstrated that giant cell formation between persistently HIV-1-infected HUT-78 cells and uninfected MOLT-4 cells results in a selective destruction of the uninfected CD4+ MOLT-4 cells. Apparently, bystander CD4+ cells may serve as targets for the killing effect of the HIV-1-infected cells, and this killing effect is preceded by fusion between the target (uninfected) and aggressor (infected) cells. Pentosan polysulfate, dextran sulfate, and various other sulfated polysaccharides, but not heparin, have proved to inhibit this cell fusion process and hence protect the target CD4+ cells against destruction by the killer HIV-1-infected cells. Azidothymidine does not interfere with this process. Assuming that fusion between HIV-infected and uninfected CD4+ cells is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of AIDS, any compounds that specifically interfere with this process may be therapeutically advantageous in the treatment of this disease.
Extending IC-Scheduling via the Sweep Algorithm (2008)

Earlier work has developed the rudiments of a scheduling theory for computations having intertask dependencies - modeled via dags - for Internet-based computing. The goal of the schedules produced is to render tasks eligible for execution as fast as possible, with the aim of: (a) utilizing clients' computational resources well, by always having work to allocate to an available client; (b) lessening the likelihood of a computation's stalling for lack of eligible tasks. Simulation studies suggest that this goal does accelerate computation over the Internet. The theory crafts a schedule for a dag Q by "parsing" Q (if possible) into connected building-block dags that one can "compose " to form Q and then analyzing the scheduling dependencies among these building blocks. The current paper extends the theory by developing the Sweep Algorithm, a tool that allows one to: (1) schedule using building blocks that are not necessarily connected, and (2) craft schedules that interleave the execution of subdags that have no interdependencies. The augmented scheduling algorithms allow one to craft optimal schedules for previously unschedulable dags. Examples presented include artificial dags that are "close" to ones arising in real computations, as well as a component of a dag that arises in a functional MRI application.
Automation of Flow Chemistry (2019)

Continuous flow chemistry has many well-established advantages, including its facile automation, that make it an attractive technology for the rapid development and synthesis of target molecules. In this chapter, we highlight recent examples of automated continuous flow systems capable of chemical reaction optimization through the integration of process analytical technology and optimization algorithms. We then transition to describing automated continuous flow manufacturing platforms engineered for small molecule synthesis, namely pharmaceutical production. Such systems have realized capabilities in complex multistep synthesis and downstream operations like purification, crystallization and formulation steps.
Convenient Synthesis of Fluorinated Quinoline, 1,2‐Dihydroquinoline, and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organoiridium Quinolinolate Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, Thermal Stabilities and Photophysical Properties (2007)

Abstract The syntheses, solid‐state structures, thermal properties and photophysics of a series of heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes with phenylpyridine as the cyclometalating ligands and quinolinolates are reported. The title compounds were formed by reaction of di‐μ‐chloro‐tetrakis[κ 2 ( C 2 , N )‐2‐phenylpyridine]diiridium(III) with the corresponding 8‐hydroxyquinolines in 56 to 86 % yield. The crystal structures of two of the complexes have been determined. Both complexes show the two carbon ligands in a cis disposition and the 2‐phenylpyridine nitrogen atoms in a trans disposition. Assessment of the thermal stabilities of the compounds revealed huge differences depending on the substituents on the quinolinolato ligand. Most complexes are poor emitters in solution, in films and in OLEDs. Substitution of the quinolinolato ligand with electron‐withdrawing functional groups in the 5‐position caused additional absorption features in the visible region facilitating the finding of appropriate host materials for OLEDs and gave emission properties governed by the quinolinolato ligand.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Controlled surface mineralization of metal oxides on nanofibers (2015)

Metal oxide/polymer hybrid nanofibers are prepared by <italic>in situ</italic> formation of metal oxide nanoparticles on surface-functionalized polymer fibers.
Visual composition of web services (2004)

Composing Web services into a coherent application can be a tedious and error prone task when using traditional textual scripting languages. As an alternative, complex interactions patterns and data exchanges between different Web services can be effectively modeled using a visual language. In this paper we discuss the requirements of such an application scenario and we present the design of the BioOpera Flow Language. This visual composition language has been fully implemented in a development environment for Web service composition with usability features emphasizing rapid development and visual scalability.
Structural versatility of peptides from Cα,α‐disubstituted glycines: crystal‐state conformational analysis of peptides from Cα‐methylhomophenylalanine, (αMe)Hph (1996)

The molecular and crystal structures of the C alpha-tetrasubstituted, delta-branched alpha-amino acid C alpha-methylhomophenylalanine, H-D-(alpha Me)Hph-OH, and three peptides (to the pentamer level), including the homotripeptide, have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The peptides are Z-L-(alpha Me)Hph-(L-Ala)2-OMe pBrBz-[D-(alpha Me)Hph]3-OtBu and Ac-(Aib)2-L-(alpha Me)Hph-(Aib)2-OtBu. All the (alpha Me)Hph residues prefer phi, psi torsion angles in the helical region of the conformational map. The two terminally blocked tripeptides adopt a beta-bend conformation stabilized by a 1<--4 C = O... H-N intramolecular H-bond. The terminally blocked pentapeptide is folded in a regular 3(10)-helix. In general, the relationship between (alpha Me)Hph alpha-carbon chirality and helix handedness is the same as that exhibited by protein amino acids. A comparison is also made with the conclusions extracted from published work on peptides from other types of C alpha-alkylated aromatic alpha-amino acids.
Benign Hereditary Chorea: Clinical, Neuroimaging, and Genetic Findings (2007)

Benign hereditary chorea is an autosomal dominant disease with an early onset of symptoms. In some families, symptoms tend to decrease in adulthood, suggesting that the disorder results from a developmental disturbance in the brain. Individuals with benign hereditary chorea, a nonprogressive disease, have normal or slightly below normal intelligence. The locus for benign hereditary chorea is on chromosome 14. Benign hereditary chorea is a result of mutations in the thyroid transcription factor 1 gene. Previous neuroimaging and pathological investigations of the brain showed no notable abnormalities in patients with this condition. In this study, 5 patients from 1 family with typical clinical features of benign hereditary chorea are presented. Clinical severity varied considerably in the family. Brain magnetic resonance imaging results were normal. Brain single photon emission computed tomography in 3 children, performed 1 hour after intravenous injection of 0.35 mCi/kg of body weight of technetium 99m ethyl cysteinate dimer, showed markedly decreased uptake in the right striatum and the right thalamus in 1 child. The oldest child had mildly reduced uptake in the right putamen and the left thalamus. Brain single photon emission computed tomographic findings in the youngest child were normal. Contrary to other reports of radionuclide brain imaging, notable brain single photon emission computed tomography changes were detected in 2 of 5 patients. Brain single photon emission computed tomography findings did not seem to correlate with the clinical status of the children.
Real-time depth measurement and display using Fresnel diffraction and white-light processing (1984)

An optical method of measuring and displaying depth information has been developed which is based on the Fresnel diffraction properties of coherently illuminated gratings. Cosine modulated gratings are found to be more flexible than simple gratings for depth measurement. A pair of gratings crossed at right angles is used to provide two independent depth measurement channels. A real-time white-light processor has been developed to convert the depth information into pseudocolor. The depth signal is input to a white-light processor by a liquid crystal light valve. The two depth channels are filtered to produce different color images such that the hue of the combined image is a function of depth.
New mixture for ac driving low pressure XE lamp (2006)

Summary form only given. Xe is good candidate for mercury free light source. Since Xe atom has very large value of collision cross-section, its positive column easily reaches a constricted state which lowers the lighting efficiency. Therefore, it is important to prevent Xe positive column from constriction for high efficient light source. To achieve diffused positive column, high voltage pulse driving system has been widely used in low pressure Xe lamp. There is a problem to use the pulse power system in the commercial aspect: the price of a high voltage pulse power inverter is too high for home use. In this work, we suggested the noble gas mixing combination, Xe-N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , for high efficient low pressure Xe lamp. The energy transfer mechanism of Xe-N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> mixture is as follows. An excited N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> molecules is produced by the collision between an electron having a low energy about 2-4 eV and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . The energy of excited molecules is directly transferred to the neutral Xe atom and the excited Xe and metastable Xe are produced. We use optical emission spectroscopy (OES) to determine excited species in discharge and ELENDIF to calculate electron temperature and EEDF of positive column. From the calculation results, the Xe-N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> mixture shows the 10-20% of VUV radiation enhancement comparing with pure Xe discharge in the low reduced electric field
Mechanical matching of the left ventricle with the arterial system in exercising dogs. (1992)

We investigated how changes in ventricular contractility and arterial properties associated with exercise influence the energy transmission from the left ventricle to the arterial system. On six chronically instrumented dogs preconditioned to run on a treadmill, we imposed exercise loads of various degrees by altering the speed and slope of the treadmill (up to 7 km/hr and 20% slope). We evaluated ventricular contractility by end-systolic elastance (Ees) and arterial properties in terms of the effective arterial elastance (Ea). Ea was estimated by the ratio of mean aortic pressure to stroke volume. With exercise, Ees significantly increased from 7.6 +/- 1.7 to 10.9 +/- 2.6 mm Hg/ml (p less than 0.005), and Ea tended to increase from 4.9 +/- 1.4 to 6.7 +/- 1.8 mm Hg/ml (p = 0.068), whereas the ratio of Ea to Ees remained fairly constant (from 0.69 +/- 0.26 to 0.63 +/- 0.21, NS). The mechanical optimality index, defined as the ratio of stroke work to its theoretically derived maximal value, was 0.93 +/- 0.07 at rest and 0.92 +/- 0.08 at peak exercise. Similarly, the metabolic optimality index, defined as the ratio of cardiac oxygen consumption to stroke work conversion efficiency and its theoretical maximal value, was 0.98 +/- 0.02 at rest and 0.99 +/- 0.01 at peak exercise (NS). We conclude that external work of the left ventricle of these dogs was at a near maximal level for a given preload during exercise as well as at rest without compromising the conversion efficiency of metabolic energy to stroke work.
Supplementary Data 2 from Discovery of JNJ-63576253, a Next-Generation Androgen Receptor Antagonist Active Against Wild-Type and Clinically Relevant Ligand Binding Domain Mutations in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Enzalutamide activates AR signaling in the absence of androgen in HepG2 transiently transfected with AR F877L and AR F877L/T878A constructs but not AR T878A only&lt;/p&gt;
Encapsulation of Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Highly Polarizable Transparent Amorphous Oxide (2005)

To enhance the stability of pentacene field-effect transistors, a highly polarizable amorphous oxide is used as a gas barrier due to the strong chemical interaction between permeating polar water molecules and an oxide. For a more reliable barrier function, in addition to chemical effects, a dense amorphous microstructure of a barrier is also preferred and achieved by ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) at room temperature in this study. Our OTFTs encapsulated with IBAD SnO 2 showed a degraded field-effect mobility of 0.5 cm 2 /(V s) after encapsulation. However, the field-effect mobility was surprisingly sustained up to one month and then gradually degraded down to 0.35 cm 2 /(V s) after 100 days in air, which was still three times higher than that of an OTFT without an encapsulation layer. The encapsulated OTFTs also exhibited a superior on/off current ratio of more than 10 5 to that of the unprotected device (∼10 4 ), which was reduced from ∼10 6 before aging. The effects of encapsulation on the electrical properties of OTFTs are discussed in terms of the physical and chemical properties of barrier films.