gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on Resistance to Cancer Drug Gleevec (2001)

In a study of 11 patients with advanced-stage chronic myeloid leukemia (or Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoid leukemia) who relapsed during treatment with the kinase inhibitor STI-571 (Gleevec), our group reported BCR-ABL gene amplification and kinase domain mutation as potential mechanisms of resistance ([1][1]). Specifically, three patients had gene amplification and six patients had a point mutation resulting in a threonine-to-isoleucine change at amino acid position 315 (T315I) of the ABL kinase domain. Subsequently, Technical Comments were published from two groups (Barthe et al. and Hochhaus et al. ) who reported that they were unable to detect the T315I mutation in such patients ([2][2]). Both groups did, however, detect kinase domain mutations in a different residue in two patients (E255K and E255V).

As described in abstracts for the 2001 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, four groups, including Hochhaus and colleagues ([3][3]), have now detected patients with the T315I mutation ([3][3], [4][4]). All the groups, including ours, have detected additional kinase domain mutations. The overall contribution of these mutations versus other potential resistance mechanisms remains to be defined.

1. [↵][5]1. M. E. Gorre 2. et al.
 , Science 293, 876 (2001).
 [OpenUrl][6][Abstract/FREE Full Text][7]

2. [↵][8]1. C. Barthe 2. et al.
 , Science 293, 2163 (summary) (2001). Full available at ; A. Hochhaus et al., ibid. ; M. E. Gorre et al., ibid. 

3. [↵][9]1. S. Kreil 2. et al.
 , Abstracts for the 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, Orlando, FL, 7 to 11 December 2001, abstr. 1823. Available at .
 

4. [↵][10]1. S. Branford 2. et al.
 , in (3), abstr. 3204; N. Shah et al., .

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Case Study on Incentive Mechanism of Energy Efficiency Retrofit in Coal-Fueled Power Plant in China (2012)

An ordinary steam turbine retrofit project is selected as a case study; through the retrofit, the project activities will generate emission reductions within the power grid for about 92,463 tCO(2)e per annum. The internal rate of return (IRR) of the project is only -0.41% without the revenue of carbon credits, for example, CERs, which is much lower than the benchmark value of 8%. Only when the unit price of carbon credit reaches 125 CNY/tCO(2), the IRR could reach the benchmark and an effective carbon tax needs to increase the price of carbon to 243 CNY/tce in order to make the project financially feasible. Design of incentive mechanism will help these low efficiency enterprises improve efficiency and reduce CO(2) emissions, which can provide the power plants sufficient incentive to implement energy efficiency retrofit project in existing coal-fuel power generation-units, and we hope it will make a good demonstration for the other low efficiency coal-fueled power generation units in China.
Effect of cascaded Brillouin lasing due to resonant pumps in a superluminal fiber ring laser gyroscope (2018)

Fiber ring laser gyroscopes (FRLGs) are among the most sensitive rotation sensors. Recently, we have proposed a scheme for improving the sensitivity of such gyroscopes significantly by using the fast light effect. The resulting device, called the active fast light fiber-optic sensor (AFLIFOS), makes use of a pair of counter-propagating superluminal Brillouin lasers in a fiber cavity. Compared to a conventional FRLG, the sensitivity of the AFLIFOS is expected to be enhanced by nearly four orders of magnitude. For both conventional FRLG and the AFLIFOS, the overall sensitivity increases with increasing output power. However, when the power of the pump laser used for producing the Brillouin gain exceeds a threshold value, cascaded higher order Brillouin lasing may occur, thus complicating the dynamics of the AFLIFOS, and limiting the maximum achievable sensitivity. We experimentally study the parameters that determine the onset of second- and third-order Brillouin lasing in a fiber cavity. We also analyze how the pump power affects the AFLIFOS operation and show how the measured threshold for second-order Brillouin lasing sets a practical limit for the AFLIFOS sensitivity.
Stability and microbial properties of reconstituted and diluted epoprostenol with expanded stability (2011)

Microbial activity and stability of epoprostenol with expanded stability (EPO-ES, Veletri®) were investigated at 5°C and 25°C over a range of concentrations. EPO-ES was reconstituted and immediately diluted with sterile Water for Injection (WFI) or Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection (NaCl). Stability for up to 72 hours (h) at 25°C was measured immediately following dilution (A), and after 1 (B) or 7 days (C) storage at 5°C. Shelf-life was assessed by determining the time over which potency ≥90% was maintained. For microbiological testing, diluted samples of EPO-ES were inoculated with S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, C. albicans, A. niger or C. sporogenes and incubated for up to 14 days at 5°C or 4 days at 25°C. Potency of EPO-ES 6,000 ng/mL at 12h under test condition B was 92% for both diluents. Table 1. Potency of EPO-ES over time (Condition A) EPO-ES, ng/mL Diluent Potency, % 0 hour 8 hours 12 hours 24 hours 72 hours 3,000 WFI 100 92 88 75 – NaCl 100 91 86 72 – 6,000 WFI 100 96 93 87 – NaCl 100 94 93 86 – 9,000 WFI 100 – – 90 – NaCl 100 – – 90 – 12,000 WFI 100 – – 91 – NaCl 100 – – 93 – 30,000 WFI 100 – – 97 91 NaCl 100 – – 97 90 Table 2. Shelf-life (hours) of reconstituted and immediately diluted EPO-ES at 25°C based on potency and microbiological testing Epoprostenol ES, ng/mL Condition A
Unifying Concepts of Statistical and Spectral Quantitative Ultrasound Techniques (2015)

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) techniques using radiofrequency (RF) backscattered signals have been used for tissue characterization of numerous organ systems. One approach is to use the magnitude and frequency dependence of backscatter echoes to quantify tissue structures. Another approach is to use first-order statistical properties of the echo envelope as a signature of the tissue microstructure. We propose a unification of these QUS concepts. For this purpose, a mixture of homodyned K-distributions is introduced to model the echo envelope, together with an estimation method and a physical interpretation of its parameters based on the echo signal spectrum. In particular, the total, coherent and diffuse signal powers related to the proposed mixture model are expressed explicitly in terms of the structure factor previously studied to describe the backscatter coefficient (BSC). Then, this approach is illustrated in the context of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. It is experimentally shown that the total, coherent and diffuse signal powers are determined by a structural parameter of the spectral Structure Factor Size and Attenuation Estimator. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA test showed that attenuation (p-value of 0.077) and attenuation compensation (p-value of 0.527) had no significant effect on the diffuse to total power ratio. These results constitute a further step in understanding the physical meaning of first-order statistics of ultrasound images and their relations to QUS techniques. The proposed unifying concepts should be applicable to other biological tissues than blood considering that the structure factor can theoretically model any spatial distribution of scatterers.
Physics‐based iterative reconstruction for dual‐source and flying focal spot computed tomography (2021)

By modeling a precise geometry and avoiding data rebinning or interpolation, our physics-based reconstruction achieves a higher spatial resolution and fewer image artifacts with smaller magnitude than the clinical standard hybrid IR.
ChemInform Abstract: 12.3% Efficient CuIn1‐xGaxSe2‐Based Device from Electrodeposited Precursor. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fundamentals of Materials, Techniques, and Instrumentation for OSL and FNTD Dosimetry (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. S. Akselrod; Fundamentals of Materials, Techniques, and Instrumentation for OSL and FNTD Dosimetry. AIP Conf. Proc. 5 May 2011; 1345 (1): 274–302. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3576173 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Abstract 1136: Hydrogen Peroxide Modulates Bioavailability of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids in the Human Coronary Microcirculation by Directly Inhibiting Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenases (2007)

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived metabolites of arachi- donic acid (AA). In human coronary arterioles (HCAs), endogenous H2O2 reduces CYP-mediated dilation to brad...
Highly Efficient and Multilayered OLEDs Fabricated by Solution-Process (2013)

有機EL素子の作製において，スピンコート法，インクジェット法，ダイコート法などの溶液塗布プロセスは，大面積デバイス作製の低コスト化に（潜在的に）有利であるとして多くの注目を集めている。有機EL素子の高性能化のためには，異なる機能を有する異種化合物の多積層構造が重要である。多積層構造は，電荷注入，電荷輸送，発光の機能をそれぞれ異なる層が担うため，単層型素子に比べ高効率化と長寿命化が可能である。われわれは，溶液プロセスを適用可能な数多くの高性能有機EL化合物を開発してきた。本稿では，塗布型有機ELに向けて開発してきた，蛍光材料，リン光材料，ホスト材料，架橋性ホスト材料，電子注入材料の一部について紹介する。また高輝度・長寿命を実現するマルチフォトンエミッション型有機EL素子の塗布プロセスによる作製への取り組みについても言及する。
Point Cloud Reconstruction From Truncated Geometry-Based Streams (2023)

Geometry-based point cloud compression (G-PCC) has been rapidly evolving in the context of international standards. Despite the inherent scalability of octree-based geometry description, current G-PCC attribute compression techniques prevent full scalability for compressed point clouds. In this paper, we present a solution to add scalability to attributes compressed using the region-adaptive hierarchical transform (RAHT), enabling the reconstruction of the point cloud using only a portion of the original bitstream. Without the full geometry information, one cannot compute the weights in which the RAHT relies on to calculate its coefficients for further levels of detail. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a linear relationship approximation relating the downsampled point cloud to the truncated inverse RAHT coefficients at that same level. The linear relationship parameters are sent as side information. After truncating the bitstream at a point corresponding to a given octree level, we can, then, recreate the attributes at that level. Tests were carried out and results attest the good approximation quality of the proposed technique.
A Fast Implementation of Deflate (2014)

We present a fast implementation of the Deflate protocol that is substantially faster than the fastest version of the Zlib software package, yet maintains full compatibility to the Deflate standard. Our solution outperforms the fastest Zlib version by a factor of 2.6 and higher (in compression time) yet demonstrates only a negligible drop-off in terms of compression ratio. The basic building blocks for our solution are a fast LZ77 compressor (the LZ4 package) and a standard Huffman encoding package (Zlib). In the paper we describe how a non-trivial combination constructed around these building blocks achieves the aforementioned performance and compatibility.
Hybrid interferometer for control of three degrees of freedom (2002)

We describe a quadruple Michelson heterodyne interferometer for measuring longitudinal displacement, pitch, and yaw of a target mirror relative to a stationary one. A Fabry-Perot interferometer provides independent control of systematic errors.
Qa-1 and Qa-2 expression on CFU-s. (1982)

Multipotential stem cells can be detected in bone marrow cells preparations by injecting these cells into syngeneic irradiated hosts. Colonies (CFU-s) are visible macroscopically on the spleen after 8 days. Pretreatment of A-Tlab (Qa-1.2) bone marrow with A-anti-A-Tlab serum (anti-Qa-1.2), in the presence of complement, reduced CFU-s by 80% whereas A-Tlab anti-A serum (anti-Qa-1.1) treatment had no effect. Pretreatment of A(Qa-1.1) bone marrow with A-Tlab anti-A serum reduced macroscopic splenic colonies by 78%. Similar results were obtained by using C57BL/6 (Qa-1.2) and B6-Tlaa (Qa-1.1) bone marrow. Thus, both Qa-1.1 and Qa-1.2 are expressed on CFU-s. Qa-2 expression on CFU-2 was examined in the same manner. B6.KI anti-B6 (anti-Qa-2,3) serum reduced CFU-s numbers by 87% on B6 (Qa-2,3+) while having little or no effect on B6.KI (Qa-2,3-). Treatment with D3.262, a monoclonal anti-Qa-2 antibody, reduced B6 CFU-s by 80%, and had no effect on B6.KI CFU-s. Detection of Qa-1 and Qa-2 on CFU-s underscores the wide distribution of the Qa antigens in the hematopoietic system.
Investigation of the physical mechanisms governing data-retention in down to 10nm nano-trench Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/CuTeGe conductive bridge RAM (CBRAM) (2013)

In this work, we present an experimental and theoretical analysis of scaled (down to 10nm) Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /CuTeGe based CBRAM. We focus on the understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the failure of high and low resistance states at high temperature. Using a numerical model combined with ab-initio calculations, we elucidate for the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> time at our knowledge the role of the filament morphology on the resistance instability. We demonstrate that an optimized filament shape (tuned by adjusting the operating conditions) significantly improves the memory window stability at high temperatures.
Rugged sensor window materials for harsh environments (2014)

There are several military or commercial systems operating in very harsh environments that require rugged windows. On some of these systems, windows become the single point of failure. These applications include sensor or imaging systems, high-energy laser weapons systems, submarine photonic masts, IR countermeasures and missiles. Based on the sea or land or air based platforms the window or dome on these systems must withstand wave slap, underwater or ground based explosions, or survive flight through heavy rain and sand storms while maintaining good optical transmission in the desired wavelength range. Some of these applications still use softer ZnS or fused silica windows because of lack of availability of rugged materials in shapes or sizes required. Sapphire, ALON and spinel are very rugged materials with significantly higher strengths compared to ZnS and fused silica. There have been recent developments in spinel, ALON and sapphire materials to fabricate in large sizes and conformal shapes. We have been developing spinel ceramics for several of these applications. We are also developing β−SiC as a transparent window material as it has higher hardness, strength, and toughness than sapphire, ALON and spinel. This paper gives a summary of our recent findings.
Photonic crystal circular-shaped microcavity and its uniform cavity-waveguide coupling property due to presence of whispering gallery mode (2007)

In this report, we investigate a photonic crystal circular-shaped microcavity (removing seven air holes) sustaining whispering-gallery mode (WGM) by shifting the 12 nearest air holes according to the concept of cavity-shaping in micro-disk and micro-gear lasers. The WGM modal characteristics are investigated by three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. From well-fabricated devices and simulated results, we obtain and identify WGM single-mode lasing with low threshold and high measured quality factor. By inserting additional waveguides, we also investigate its uniform coupling behaviors in different waveguide-cavity-waveguide geometries in both FDTD simulations and experiments.
2A2-A10 A Turbine Motor using Electro-conjugate Fluid(Mechanism and Control for Actuator(2)) (2012)

An electro-conjugate fluid (ECF) is a kind of functional fluid, which produces a flow (ECF flow) by applying high DC voltage between electrodes inserted in the fluid. It is known that a strong ECF flow is generated under non-uniform electric field. This study introduces the ECF flow to develop a turbine motor. The turbine motor mainly consists of an ECF flow generators, a turbine rotor and a flow path. ECF flows inside the turbine motor and makes the turbine rotor rotate. First, we characterized the ECF flow generator and the turbine rotor. Next, we developed the turbine motor using ECF. Finally, we evaluated no-load rotational velocity, output torque, output power and output power density of the turbine motor. The experimental results confirm the motor developed has a higher performance than the previous ECF motors.
T cell regulation of natural killer cells (2013)

In light of their role in the immune response against tumors and viruses, natural killer (NK) cells represent a promising target for immunotherapy. Before this target is reached, the various mechanisms that control NK cell activity must first be identified and understood. In the past decades, studies have identified two critical processes that prevent spontaneous NK cell-mediated autoimmune activation while maximizing the efficiency of these cells during an immune response. First is the education process, whereby NK cells adapt to their environment by sensing ligands for inhibitory and activating receptors. Second is the priming phase of NK cell activation, which arms NK cells with appropriate cytotoxic molecules during inflammation. New studies now indicate that NK cell proliferation, accumulation, and activation are also under the control of regulatory T cells that restrict availability of IL-2 released by activated CD4(+) T cells. Together with other recent studies, these data highlight the importance of the adaptive immune system in the regulation of NK cell activity.
How can we advance in renal replacement therapy techniques? (2019)

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of ESRD is relatively stable, the prevalence of maintenance dialysis is increasing, and it is expected to reach a staggering 5439 million patients worldwide by 2030. Despite the great technological evolution that has taken place in recent years, most patients are still treated with in-centre haemodialysis and their prognosis remains far from desirable. Since 1980, there has been an increasing interest in the development of a portable device for renal replacement therapy (RRT), which ultimately led to the creation of the Wearable Artificial Kidney (WAK) and the Wearable Ultrafiltration (WUF) system. Portable RRT devices may be acceptable alternatives that deal with several unmet clinical needs of ESRD patients. So far, 3 important human studies with WAK and WUF have been carried out and, although these devices require considerable technological improvement, their safety and efficacy in solute clearance and fluid removal is undeniable. In this article, we review the evolution of the WAK and the WUF and the main clinical trials performed, highlighting some of their technical features. Some of the main possible clinical advantages that could be achieved with these devices, as well as some economic aspects, are also pointed out. In the future, all renal replacement therapy techniques should evolve to perfectly match the clinical and personal needs of each patient, allowing for an improved health-related quality of life.
Challenges and Solutions for Tracing Storage Systems (2018)

IBM Spectrum Scale’s parallel file system General Parallel File System (GPFS) has a 20-year development history with over 100 contributing developers. Its ability to support strict POSIX semantics across more than 10K clients leads to a complex design with intricate interactions between the cluster nodes. Tracing has proven to be a vital tool to understand the behavior and the anomalies of such a complex software product. However, the necessary trace information is often buried in hundreds of gigabytes of by-product trace records. Further, the overhead of tracing can significantly impact running applications and file system performance, limiting the use of tracing in a production system. In this research article, we discuss the evolution of the mature and highly scalable GPFS tracing tool and present the exploratory study of GPFS’ new tracing interface, FlexTrace , which allows developers and users to accurately specify what to trace for the problem they are trying to solve. We evaluate our methodology and prototype, demonstrating that the proposed approach has negligible overhead, even under intensive I/O workloads and with low-latency storage devices.
Dynamic Fragmentation of MAX Phase Ti3SiC2 from Edge-On Impact Experiments (2018)

MAX phases are an emerging class of nanolayered ternary carbides or nitrides with hexagonal crystallographic structures where only basal slip is available for plastic deformation under ambient conditions. At the same time, these materials also exhibit potentially advantageous energy-absorbing micromechanisms of kink banding and delamination, stemming from nonlinear buckling on the atomistic plane; thus presenting a unique material for next-generation protection and shielding applications. In the present study two EOI (edge-on impact) testing configurations have been used with MAX phase Ti3SiC2 tiles (60 × 30 × 4 mm), in order to investigate the damage modes generated under highly inertial conditions. The samples are made using the hot isostatic pressing technique, producing nominally isotropic needle-like grain structures with an average size of approximately 10 μm. Small cylindrical projectiles are launched at impact speeds from 190 to 250 m/s onto the edge of the MAX tiles, and a fragmentation process is developed in less than 20 μs, captured with an ultra-high-speed camera at 2 million frames per second. The two configurations differ depending on the use or not of a dynamic confinement system. In the configuration without dynamic confinement, comminution and erosion occurred significantly around the impact site, and only a few dominant cracks radiated from the damage zone; a few with characteristic branching. Conversely, fragmentation composed of radial cracks is observed when the dynamic confinement prevents excessive damage near the impact side. The resulting fragments are analyzed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and these results are discussed within the context of the DFH (Denoual-Forquin-Hild) anisotropic damage model, comparing cracking density and velocity of the damage front.