gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostate Fiducial Marker Placement in Patients on Anticoagulation: Feasibility Prior to Prostate SBRT (2020)

<b>Background and Purpose:</b> Fiducial marker placement is required in patients undergoing robotic-based Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) or image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for prostate cancer. Many patients take antiplatelet or anticoagulant medication due to other medical comorbidities. They are often required to temporarily discontinue these medications prior to invasive medical procedures as they are prone to bleed. Some patients are unable to discontinue therapy due to an elevated risk of thromboembolic events. The purpose of this study is to report this institution's experience placing fiducial markers in prostate cancer patients who are on chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulant medication. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> From August 2015-March 2019 57 patients on chronic antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy who were not cleared to stop these medications underwent transrectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) fiducial marker placement for SBRT/IGRT. All patients were monitored by a registered nurse during the procedure for prolonged bleeding that required staff to hold pressure to the area with a 4 × 4 gauze until it resolved. All patients were also called the following day to assess for ongoing bleeding events. Treatment planning CT scan confirmed the ideal geometry of the marker placement. <b>Results:</b> All 57 patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant medication who underwent fiducial marker placement were discharged home the same day of the procedure. Four patients experienced persistent bleeding that required a nurse to hold prolonged pressure to the area. No patient experienced significant bleeding the following day or any untoward cardiovascular event. <b>Conclusions:</b> This series suggests the use of antiplatelet or anticoagulant medication is not an absolute contraindication to fiducial marker placement in patients undergoing SBRT or IGRT for prostate cancer. These patients should be closely monitored after the procedure for bleeding complications. Practitioners may consider the patient's medical comorbidities, risk factors for thromboembolism, and overall functional status as there is no standardized protocol for discontinuing anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy for fiducial marker placement.
Durability of SRP Waste Glass - Effects of Waste Loading, Part III (2002)

The objective of this study was to develop further understanding of the effects of waste loading on glass leaching. Specifically, waste loadings up to 60 wt per cent oxides were investigated by leaching glasses in buffered and unbuffered solutions.
Semipolar III-nitride laser diodes for solid-state lighting (2019)

Several hurdles to further enhance the performance of semipolar III-Nitride laser diodes are addressed in this work. Particularly, we focused on improving their high operating voltage by thinning the p-GaN cladding layer and utilizing a transparent conductive oxide p-contact. On-wafer optical absorption measurements showed that a further reduction in voltage with thinner p-GaN was limited by increased optical loss due to increased mode overlap with the ITO/metal anode. In separate attempts to minimize bulk-related optical losses, we implemented a new design that consisted of an AlGaN electron blocking layer (EBL) placed remotely from the quantum wells (QWs) and a low p-waveguide Mg doping profile. A very low optical loss of about 2 cm<sup>-1</sup> was extracted but the net improvement in differential efficiency was limited by lower internal injection efficiency due to carrier accumulation in the p-waveguide region. With an optimized design, that consisted of a lightly doped EBL close to the QWs and a UID p-waveguide, an improved light output power of 1.4 W at 1.5 A and a low threshold current density of 1.2 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> were obtained.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Multiparametric MR-PET Imaging Predicts Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Response to GDC-0084 in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Examples of metabolic responders to GDC-0084 as indicated by a decrease in 18F-FDG PET uptake. A-B) Examples of a clear reduction in focal 18F-FDG uptake within the tumor. C-E) Example of more subtle reduction in 18F-FDG uptake after GDC-0084. C and E) demonstrate both focal (tumor) and global (gray matter) reductions in 18F-FDG uptake.&lt;/p&gt;
Doping Indium Oxide Films with Amino‐Polymers of Varying Nitrogen Content Markedly Affects Charge Transport and Mechanical Flexibility (2021)

Abstract Here, correlations between polymer structure and charge transport in solution‐processed indium oxide, In 2 O 3 :polymer blend flexible thin film transistors (TFTs) are investigated using four polymers having electron‐donating amine functionalities (polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(allylamine), polyethyleneimine ethoxylated (PEIE), and PVP‐NH 2 (PVP; poly(4‐vinylphenol)), and two PEI‐PEIE mixtures) with varied atomic amine nitrogen content (N%) of 12.6, 9.1, 6.9, 2.6, respectively. These amino‐polymers influence the semiconducting oxide film TFT electron mobilities via a delicate interplay of electron transfer/doping, charge generation/trap‐filling, film morphological/microstructural variations, which depend on the polymer structure, thermal stability, and N%, as well as the polymer content of the In 2 O 3 precursor and the carbon residue content in In 2 O 3 . Thus, increasing the N% from 0.0% in the control PVP to 12.6% in PEI increases the electron doping capacity, the polymer content of the blend formulation, and the blend TFT field‐effect mobility. Optimal polymer incorporation invariably enhances charge transport by as much as ≈2×, leading to a maximum carrier mobility of 8.47 ± 0.73 cm 2 V −1 s −1 on rigid Si/SiO x substrates and a remarkable 31.24 ± 0.41 cm 2 V −1 s −1 on mechanically flexible polyimide/Au/F:AlO x substrates with Al contacts. Furthermore, all of the polymers equally enhance the mechanical durability of the corresponding In 2 O 3 :polymer blend TFTs with respect to mechanical stress.
Preparation of Narrowly Size Distributed Metal-Containing Polymer Latexes by Miniemulsion and Other Emulsion Techniques: Applications for Nanolithography (2009)

It is demonstrated that the miniemulsion polymerization technique allows the preparation of highly uniform and practically monodisperse latex particles containing a hydrophobic metal complex like platinum(II)acetylacetonate, indium(III)acetylacetonate, zinc(II)tetramethylheptadionate, zincphthalocyanine, and chromium(III)benzoylacetonate, respectively, with different loading capacities. For some platinum and iron complexes, the homogeneity of the latexes can be improved even further by adapted emulsion techniques. By choosing different amounts of surfactant, we can adjust the particle size between 100 and 260 nm. To obtain larger particles up to 370 nm for a given metal complex, we performed an additional feeding of monomer. In this way, the particles can be easily modified by changing the polymer or the copolymer composition. Using a pure polymer core and semicontinuously adding a complex/monomer mixture leads to an increased size of the particles, which can contain additional metal complexes. The methodology was also applied for the preparation of alloyed Fe/Pt particles. The concentration relations were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) and, mostly, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). When particles are deposited onto a substrate, the high homogeneity of the particle size results in hexagonally well-ordered monolayers of the metal-containing polymer particles. Such an encapsulation of metal complexes into particles of defined size makes them suitable for a wide variety of applications, especially in the context of nanolithography.
A unified feedback scheme for distributed interference management in cellular systems: Benefits and challenges for real-time implementation (2009)

This paper contributes to the system concept of collaborative base stations from the perspective of distributed computing. Promising signal processing approaches based on terminal feedback are reviewed. Their specific advantages and disadvantages are discussed and a framework for feedback provision is presented. All proposed schemes have in common, that a mobile terminal can choose its desired receive strategy independently from other mobile terminals according to its computational capabilities. The effective multi-cell channel after receiver processing is fed back and distributed within the collaboration area. This allows distributed processing at each base station and makes real-time implementation feasible.
Identification of Relevant Multimodal Cues to enhance Context-Aware Hearing Instruments (2011)

Today's state-of-the-art hearing instruments (HIs) adapt the sound processing only according to the user's acoustic surrounding. Acoustic ambiguities limit the set of daily life situations where HIs can support the user adequately. State-of-the-art HIs feature body area networking capabilities. Thus
Automatic symbolic derivation of order conditions for two-stage complex Rosenbrock schemes (2010)

Rosenbrock methods are known to be good in numerical modeling of stiff problems. In this work, a new symbolic algorithm is proposed for automating the derivation of order conditions for two-stage Rosenbrock schemes with complex coefficients. Software implementation of the proposed algorithm is discussed in detail.
Effective Treatment of Established Human Breast Tumor Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice with a Single Dose of the α-Emitting Radioisotope Astatine-211 Conjugated to Anti-HER2/neu Diabodies (2008)

These findings indicate that diabody molecules can be effective agents for targeted radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors using powerful, short-lived alpha-emitting radioisotopes.
Pairwise Fairness for Ordinal Regression (2021)

We initiate the study of fairness for ordinal regression. We adapt two fairness notions previously considered in fair ranking and propose a strategy for training a predictor that is approximately fair according to either notion. Our predictor has the form of a threshold model, composed of a scoring function and a set of thresholds, and our strategy is based on a reduction to fair binary classification for learning the scoring function and local search for choosing the thresholds. We provide generalization guarantees on the error and fairness violation of our predictor, and we illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in extensive experiments.
Design of thermally activated delayed fluorescent sensitizers for high efficiency over 20% and long lifetime in yellow fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (2020)

Yellow thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials were synthesized using two types of acceptors of 2,4,6-triphenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile and 4-(3-cyanophenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile combined with a strong donor.
Mechanisms of Pore Size Control in MSU-X Mesoporous Silica (2002)

International audience
Olfactory receptor 2 in vascular macrophages drives atherosclerosis by NLRP3-dependent IL-1 production (2022)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the artery walls and involves immune cells such as macrophages. Olfactory receptors (OLFRs) are G protein–coupled chemoreceptors that have a central role in detecting odorants and the sense of smell. We found that mouse vascular macrophages express the olfactory receptor <i>Olfr2</i> and all associated trafficking and signaling molecules. Olfr2 detects the compound octanal, which activates the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and induces interleukin-1β secretion in human and mouse macrophages. We found that human and mouse blood plasma contains octanal, a product of lipid peroxidation, at concentrations sufficient to activate Olfr2 and the human ortholog olfactory receptor 6A2 (OR6A2). Boosting octanal levels exacerbated atherosclerosis, whereas genetic targeting of <i>Olfr2</i> in mice significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaques. Our findings suggest that inhibiting OR6A2 may provide a promising strategy to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.
GaN quantum dots: nanophotonics and nanophononics (2006)

Self-assembled GaN quantum dots are characterized using Raman techniques. The electrical and optical properties of these GaN quantum dots are modeled in light of optoelectronic applications. Strain-induced changes in the phononic properties of these nanostructures are modeled and the strain-induced frequency shifts are compared with Raman measurements. Acoustic phonons in colloidal GaN quantum dots are modeled using a quantized elastic continuum model. Shifts observed in the Raman signatures for different excitation wavelengths provide evidence the Raman signatures of GaN quantum dots are observed.
Electrophilic Fluorination of Aromatics with Selectfluor™ and Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid1 (1999)

Abstract 1‐(chloromethyl)‐4‐fluoro‐1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis (tetrafluoroborate) [Selectfluor™ F‐TEDA‐BF 4 (TEDA = triethylenediamine)] in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid has been found to be a very effective reagent system for the direct electrophilic fluorination of a wide variety of aromatic compounds under mild reaction conditions to the corresponding fluoroaromatics in good to excellent yields.
High-rate differential space-code modulation for interference suppression (2001)

Space-time coding has been receiving much research attention recently due to the potential offered by fully exploiting spatial and temporal diversity. A differential space-time modulation (DSTM) scheme was recently proposed to perform demodulation without channel state information, which is attractive in fast fading channels where accurate channel estimates are difficult to obtain. More recently, a differential space-code modulation (DSCM) scheme, which is an improvement of DSTM for combating interference (including intentional and unintentional jamming) signals, was proposed. DSCM significantly outperforms DSTM when interference is present. This advantage, however, is achieved at the cost of a lower transmission rate, a wider bandwidth, or a combination of both. To alleviate this problem, we extend DSCM to a so-called high-rate DSCM (HR-DSCM) scheme, which increases the data rate considerably at the cost of a slightly higher bit error rate, while still maintaining the interference suppression capability.
Ink‐Jet Printing of Downscaled Organic Electronic Devices (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Ink-Jet Printing: Technologies, Tools, and Materials High-Resolution Printing of Highly Conductive Electrodes Printing of Downscaled Organic Thin Film Transistors Conclusions and Outlook Acknowledgments References
Targeting EphA3 Inhibits Cancer Growth by Disrupting the Tumor Stromal Microenvironment (2014)

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are critical for cell-cell communication during normal and oncogenic tissue patterning and tumor growth. Somatic mutation profiles of several cancer genomes suggest EphA3 as a tumor suppressor, but its oncogenic expression pattern and role in tumorigenesis remain largely undefined. Here, we report unexpected EphA3 overexpression within the microenvironment of a range of human cancers and mouse tumor xenografts where its activation inhibits tumor growth. EphA3 is found on mouse bone marrow-derived cells with mesenchymal and myeloid phenotypes, and activation of EphA3(+)/CD90(+)/Sca1(+) mesenchymal/stromal cells with an EphA3 agonist leads to cell contraction, cell-cell segregation, and apoptosis. Treatment of mice with an agonistic α-EphA3 antibody inhibits tumor growth by severely disrupting the integrity and function of newly formed tumor stroma and microvasculature. Our data define EphA3 as a novel target for selective ablation of the tumor microenvironment and demonstrate the potential of EphA3 agonists for anticancer therapy.
Nasal challenges with recombinant derivatives of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 induce fewer symptoms and lower mediator release than rBet v 1 wild‐type in patients with allergic rhinitis (2002)

The derivatives induced significantly fewer symptoms and lower mast cell and eosinophil activation than rBet v 1 wild-type upon application to the nasal mucosa. They could in the future be candidates for immunotherapy based on mucosal tolerance induction.
Novel diagnostic DNA methylation episignatures expand and refine the epigenetic landscapes of Mendelian disorders (2021)

Overlapping clinical phenotypes and an expanding breadth and complexity of genomic associations are a growing challenge in the diagnosis and clinical management of Mendelian disorders. The functional consequences and clinical impacts of genomic variation may involve unique, disorder-specific, genomic DNA methylation episignatures. In this study, we describe 19 novel episignature disorders and compare the findings alongside 38 previously established episignatures for a total of 57 episignatures associated with 65 genetic syndromes. We demonstrate increasing resolution and specificity ranging from protein complex, gene, sub-gene, protein domain, and even single nucleotide-level Mendelian episignatures. We show the power of multiclass modeling to develop highly accurate and disease-specific diagnostic classifiers. This study significantly expands the number and spectrum of disorders with detectable DNA methylation episignatures, improves the clinical diagnostic capabilities through the resolution of unsolved cases and the reclassification of variants of unknown clinical significance, and provides further insight into the molecular etiology of Mendelian conditions.
Confidentiality of Data in the Cloud (2019)

Cloud computing has emerged as very beneficial for businesses that are looking to reduce their costs, deploy new applications rapidly or that do not want to maintain their own computational infrastructure. A combination of mistrust for the cloud storage provider and the necessity to comply with numerous industry-specific standards and regulations impose strict confidentiality requirements for cloud storage providers. In this chapter, we highlight the confidentiality challenges caused by outsourcing data storage to the cloud as well as some strategies to mitigate them. Because data reduction techniques, such as compression and deduplication, are a key component of cloud storage systems to reduce operational costs but are not effective for encrypted data, we also present in detail the challenges that arise due to the use of these techniques and present a set of mechanisms that can be used to protect tenants’ confidentiality while enabling data reduction techniques.
Epigenetic silencing of DACH1 induces the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by activating TGF‐β signalling (2014)

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common malignancy in males and the fifth most common malignancy in females worldwide. DACH1 is frequently methylated in hepatic and colorectal cancer. To further understand the regulation and mechanism of DACH1 in GC, eight GC cell lines, eight cases of normal gastric mucosa, 98 cases of primary GC and 50 cases of adjacent non-tumour tissues were examined. Methylation-specific PCR, western blot, transwell assay and xenograft mice were used in this study. Loss of DACH1 expression correlated with promoter region methylation in GC cells, and re-expression was induced by 5-Aza-2'-deoxyazacytidine. DACH1 is methylated in 63.3% (62/98) of primary GC and 38% (19/50) of adjacent non-tumour tissues, while no methylation was found in normal gastric mucosa. Methylation of DACH1 correlated with reduced expression of DACH1 (P < 0.01), late tumour stage (stage III/IV) (P < 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). DACH1 expression inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis by inhibiting transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling and suppressed GC cell proliferation through inducing G2/M phase arrest. The tumour size is smaller in DACH1-expressed BGC823 cell xenograft mice than in unexpressed group (P < 0.01). Restoration of DACH1 expression also sensitized GC cells to docetaxel. These studies suggest that DACH1 is frequently methylated in human GC and expression of DACH1 was controlled by promoter region methylation. DACH1 suppresses GC proliferation, invasion and metastasis by inhibiting TGF-β signalling pathways both in vitro and in vivo. Epigenetic silencing DACH1 may induce GC cells' resistance to docetaxel.
One-Step Semisynthesis of Oleacein and the Determination as a 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor (2014)

The dialdehydes oleacein (2) and oleocanthal (4) are closely related to oleuropein (1) and ligstroside (3), the two latter compounds being abundant iridoids of Olea europaea. By exploiting oleuropein isolated from the plant leaf extract, an efficient procedure has been developed for a one-step semisynthesis of oleacein under Krapcho decarbomethoxylation conditions. Highlighted is the fact that 5-lipoxygenase is a direct target for oleacein with an inhibitory potential (IC50: 2 μM) more potent than oleocanthal (4) and oleuropein (1). This enzyme catalyzes the initial steps in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. Taken together, the methodology presented here offers an alternative solution to isolation or total synthesis for the procurement of oleacein, thus facilitating the further development as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Modified Galactoglucomannans from Forestry Waste-water for Films and Hydrogels (2009)

Hemicelluloses are among the most abundant natural polymers in the world and are consequently a potential source for sustainable materials, that has so far been underexploited. Galactoglucomannans are the principal hemicelluloses in softwoods and can be found in, for example, industrial wood processing waste-water. Currently, we are investigating the fractionation and purification of O-acetyl-galactoglucomannans from newsprint and fiberboard mill waste-waters, as well as the preparation of new barrier films with low oxygen permeation and hydrogel materials from the fractions obtained. Self-supporting films have been formed by solution-casting. Interesting oxygen barrier and mechanical strength properties were achieved for films obtained from a physical blend of O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan and either alginate or carboxymethylcellulose. To create oxygen barrier films with high resistance towards moisture, benzylated derivatives of O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan were made. A hydrogel is a polymeric material that swells in water but does not dissolve, valuable for applications including drug delivery. In order to obtain the right properties, we performed tailored cross-linking to create a flexible network structure. The chemical modification procedure involves a methacrylation reaction carried out under mild conditions. Herein we review past work and present some new data on fractionation and purification of galactoglucomannans.
Quantifying operational flexibility of VSC-HVDC lines and SVCs (2013)

Introducing power flow control capabilities into the electric power system increases the operational flexibility of the overall system. Quantifying such flexibility is an important aspect in the determination of the value which such devices add to the system. In this paper, Monte Carlo Markov Chain simulations are employed to study the benefits achieved by HVDC lines in combination with Static Var Compensators. In a first approach, the objective is to maximize the achievable power transfer whereas in a second approach, an economic dispatch is determined for fixed loading scenarios. Simulations are carried out for the IEEE Reliability Test System showing that power flow control significantly enlarges the space of feasible generation settings and thereby reduces generation dispatch costs.