gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency with Angioedema Symptomsin a Patient Infected with Echinococcus granulosus (1985)

A patient with echinococcosis, acquired deficiency of the inhibitor of the activated first component of complement and angioedema symptoms has been studied. These symptoms started 7 months after the surgical removal of an echinococcus liver cyst. Eight years later, when the complement was investigated, a marked deficiency of the C1 inhibitor, C1, C4 and CH50 was present. The patient was therefore successfully treated with tranexamic acid. After 4 years, the woman needed another operation because of a relapse of echinococcosis; afterwards she was symptom-free without medications, while the complement profile remained unchanged. Circulating immune complexes were detected by the conglutinin method. The patient's serum was demonstrated to possess an anticomplementary activity without affecting the C1 inhibitor when incubated with normal human serum at 37 degrees C. At present, 16 years after the onset of the symptoms, there are no signs of lymphoproliferative disease.
Effect of Tibiotalar Joint Arthrodesis on Adjacent Tarsal Joint Pressure in a Cadaver Model (2007)

These changes in joint pressures and contact area are consistent with findings of transverse tarsal joint arthritis seen in clinical studies. The current findings suggest that a substantial pressure increase in the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints at tibiopedal dorsiflexion levels simulating a late stance phase of the gait cycle may be responsible for the secondary tarsal joint degeneration occurring in late ankle arthrodesis.
Google USM: Scaling Automatic Speech Recognition Beyond 100 Languages (2023)

We introduce the Universal Speech Model (USM), a single large model that performs automatic speech recognition (ASR) across 100+ languages. This is achieved by pre-training the encoder of the model on a large unlabeled multilingual dataset of 12 million (M) hours spanning over 300 languages, and fine-tuning on a smaller labeled dataset. We use multilingual pre-training with random-projection quantization and speech-text modality matching to achieve state-of-the-art performance on downstream multilingual ASR and speech-to-text translation tasks. We also demonstrate that despite using a labeled training set 1/7-th the size of that used for the Whisper model, our model exhibits comparable or better performance on both in-domain and out-of-domain speech recognition tasks across many languages.
Dissipative soliton in an amplifier with a Bragg grating (2003)

A dissipative soliton in an amplifier with a Bragg grating is numerically investigated by direct simulation of Maxwell-Bloch equations. The result of the simulation indicates that a solitary wave can exist in such a medium. However, the pulse shape of the dissipative soliton is asymmetrical because of the gain saturation effect. This gain saturation effect results from the high power of the ultrashort dissipative soliton. The influence of amplifier gain on the solitary wave is also investigated.
Multiplex allele-specific targ( PCR suppression (2016)

We have developed a strategy for multiplex PCR based on PCR suppression. PCR suppression allows DNA target amplification with only one sequence-specific primer per target and a second primer that is common for all targets. Therefore, an n-plex PCR would require only n + 1 primers. We have demonstrated uniform, efficient amplification of targeted sequences in 14-plex PCR. The high specificity of suppression PCR also provides multiplexed amplification with allele specificity. Multiplexed PCR was used to develop assays for genotyping DNA samples from cystic fibrosisaffected individuals. The new approach greatly simplifies primer design, significantly increases the PCR multiplexing level, and decreases the overall primer cost. In addition, this assay is more readily amenable to automation and is therefore suitable for high-throughput genetic diagnostics.
Generation and use of parametric X-ray by LINAC (2014)

Parametric X-rays (PXR) were generated in the 6˜15keV region to examine the generation and use of PXR by LINAC. The target crystal was a Si single crystal, and the FWHMs of the PXR spectra were obtained at about 350eV by a Si-PIN photo diode detecter with 250eV FWHM at 5.9keV (55Fe). The experiments found that it was possible to select a crystal rotaion angle, detection angle, crystal thickness, crystal material, and interference plane to enhance the PXR intensity. Moreover, in theexperiment for use of PXR, the mass attenuation coefficient around the K-edge could be measured accurately in a narrow range with PXR. The results support that the PXR is a good monochromatic hard X-ray souce, where the energy can be countinuously changed.
Improved oral efficacy of epirubicin through polymeric nanoparticles: pharmacodynamic and toxicological investigations (2016)

Epirubicin (EPI) elicits poor-oral bioavailability hence commercially available as injection for intravenous administration which follows a rapid increase and fast decay in plasma drug concentration often needs a frequent dosing that may lead to serious side effects. Aim of the present study is to develop a nanoparticulate system which could deliver epirubicin effectively via oral administration and could eventually promote new concept "chemotherapy at home." In this perspective, epirubicin loaded Poly-lactide-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (EPI-NPs) were developed by double emulsion evaporation techniques and evaluated for its safety and efficacy against Ehrlich's Ascites (EAT) induced tumor in balb/c mice. In vivo fate of nanoparticles after oral administration in Albino wistar rats was also studied. EPI-NPs showed marked reduction in tumor size ∼40% while tumor size was increased 3.55 and 3.28 folds in control as well as in group treated orally with free epirubicin solution (EPI-S), respectively. Furthermore, toxicological evaluation demonstrated insignificant difference in levels of biomarkers including MDA, CAT, SOD, LDH, CK-MB, AST and ALT when EPI-NPs-oral treatment was compared with control group while levels of these biomarkers were found extremely significant in group treated with EPI-S (i.v). and demonstrated increment in LDH (p < 0.001), CK-MB (p < 0.001), AST (p < 0.001), ALT (p < 0.001) and MDA levels (p < 0.001) and reduction in SOD (p < 0.001) and CAT levels (p < 0.001) thus confirmed better safety profile of EPI-NPs oral than EPI-S i.v. Biodistribution study demonstrated the presence of NPs in different body organs and blood which suggests probability of NPs translocation across intestine thus at the tumor site.
Electron Capture Ionization (ECI) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Creating Textual Driver Feedback from Telemetric Data (2015)

Usage based car insurances, which use sensors to track driver behaviour, are enjoying growing popularity. Although the data collected by these insurances could provide detailed feedback about the driving style, this information is usually kept away from the driver and is used only to calculate insurance premiums. In this paper, we explored the possibility of providing drivers with textual feedback based on telemetric data in order to improve individual driving, but also general road safety. We report that textual feedback generated through NLG was preferred to non-textual summaries currently popular in the field and specifically was better at giving users a concrete idea of how to adapt their driving.
Parallel Solution‐Phase Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Branched Amines. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
TNFR2's Role in Influencing Tumor Tissue (2018)

Dr. Denise Faustman spoke with Cancer Network about TNFR2 and its emerging role in understanding regulatory T-cell behavior.
Novel desulphurization of 1,3-disubstituted thioureas by superoxide anion (O2˙–): one-step synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted guanidines from 1,3-disubstituted thioureas (1983)

Y. H. Kim and G. H. Yon, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1983, 715 DOI: 10.1039/C39830000715
19F, 14N and 15N NMR spectroscopic studies on triazadienyl fluoride, N3F (1992)

Abstract The results of 19 F, 14 N and 15 N NMR measurements for all 14 N/ 15 N isotopomers of N 3 F in CD 2 Cl 2 solution are reported. Substantial deshielding for the N‐α and N‐γ atoms, relative to other covalent azides XN 3 (X  Cl, H, CF 3 , etc.), is observed. The coupling constants also indicate unusual bonding in N 3 F. 1 J ( 15 N‐α, F) and 3 J ( 15 N‐γ, F) are similar (58.2 and 58.6 Hz, respectively), very small for a 1 J ( 15 NF) but very large for a 3 J ( 15 NF) value. The observed value of 26.5 Hz for 1 J ( 15 N‐α 15 N‐β) is the largest, and 2 J ( 15 N‐α 15 N‐γ) (5.3 Hz) is the first reported coupling constant for an azide. The unusual N 3 F NMR data are discussed in terms of calculated atomic charges and the influence of the paramagnetic term which dominates the chemical shifts. This term expresses the deshielding due to the circulation of electrons in the magnetic field between the HOMOs and the LUMOs.
Probing Impulsive Strain Propagation with X-Ray Pulses (2001)

Pump-probe time-resolved x-ray diffraction of allowed and nearly forbidden reflections in InSb is used to follow the propagation of a coherent acoustic pulse generated by ultrafast laser excitation. The surface and bulk components of the strain could be simultaneously measured due to the large x-ray penetration depth. Comparison of the experimental data with dynamical diffraction simulations suggests that the conventional model for impulsively generated strain underestimates the partitioning of energy into coherent modes.
The Deformity-Flexibility Quotient Predicts Both Patient Satisfaction and Surgeon Preference in the Treatment of Lenke 1B or 1C Curves for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2009)

The DFQ quantifies the perceived trade off between residual deformity and spared motion segments. Two-year postoperative patient satisfaction, as measured by the Scoliosis Research Society-24 questionnaire, and surgeon preference, in terms of coronal radiographic outcome, correlated significantly with the DFQ.
ChemInform Abstract: Comprehensive Absorption, Photophysical/Chemical, and Theoretical Study of 2‐5‐Ring Aromatic Hydrocarbon Diones (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nox2-derived oxidative stress results in inefficacy of antibiotics against post-influenza S. aureus pneumonia (2016)

Clinical post-influenza Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia is characterized by extensive lung inflammation associated with severe morbidity and mortality even after appropriate antibiotic treatment. In this study, we show that antibiotics rescue nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (Nox2)-deficient mice but fail to fully protect WT animals from influenza and S. aureus coinfection. Further experiments indicate that the inefficacy of antibiotics against coinfection is attributable to oxidative stress-associated inflammatory lung injury. However, Nox2-induced lung damage during coinfection was not associated with aggravated inflammatory cytokine response or cell infiltration but rather caused by reduced survival of myeloid cells. Specifically, oxidative stress increased necrotic death of inflammatory cells, thereby resulting in lethal damage to surrounding tissue. Collectively, our results demonstrate that influenza infection disrupts the delicate balance between Nox2-dependent antibacterial immunity and inflammation. This disruption leads to not only increased susceptibility to S. aureus infection, but also extensive lung damage. Importantly, we show that combination treatment of antibiotic and NADPH oxidase inhibitor significantly improved animal survival from coinfection. These findings suggest that treatment strategies that target both bacteria and oxidative stress will significantly benefit patients with influenza-complicated S. aureus pneumonia.
Critical and Honest Conversations (2012)

Estimates suggest that one third of United States health care spending results from overuse or misuse of tests, procedures, and therapies. The American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation, in partnership with Consumer Reports, initiated the "Choosing Wisely" campaign to identify areas in patient care and resource use most open to improvement. Nine subspecialty organizations joined the campaign; each organization identified five tests, procedures, or therapies that are overused, are misused, or could potentially lead to harm or unnecessary health care spending. Each of the American Society of Nephrology's (ASN's) 10 advisory groups submitted recommendations for inclusion. The ASN Quality and Patient Safety Task Force selected five recommendations based on relevance and importance to individuals with kidney disease.Recommendations selected were: (1) Do not perform routine cancer screening for dialysis patients with limited life expectancies without signs or symptoms; (2) do not administer erythropoiesis-stimulating agents to CKD patients with hemoglobin levels ≥10 g/dl without symptoms of anemia; (3) avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in individuals with hypertension, heart failure, or CKD of all causes, including diabetes; (4) do not place peripherally inserted central catheters in stage 3-5 CKD patients without consulting nephrology; (5) do not initiate chronic dialysis without ensuring a shared decision-making process between patients, their families, and their physicians.These five recommendations and supporting evidence give providers information to facilitate prudent care decisions and empower patients to actively participate in critical, honest conversations about their care, potentially reducing unnecessary health care spending and preventing harm.
HASTE: Software Security Analysis for Timing Attacks on Clear Hardware Assumption (2021)

Information leakage via timing side-channel analysis can compromise embedded systems used in diverse applications that are otherwise secure. Most state-of-the-art timing side-channel detection techniques focus on analyzing the software code while paying little to no attention to the underlying hardware. This limits the ability of such techniques in terms of detection and repair. In this letter, we propose a timing side-channel analysis framework that takes into consideration both the software and the underlying hardware microarchitecture to detect vulnerabilities with high precision. We also propose a set of metrics to quantify the severity of the vulnerabilities. We verify our proposed framework on two different computation subroutines which are widely used in crypto and secure systems.
Improving dengue viral antigens detection in dengue patient serum specimens using a low pH glycine buffer treatment (2015)

Inclusion of a low-pH glycine buffer treatment step in the commercially available Ag-ELISA is crucial for clinical diagnosis and E-containing viral particles could be a valuable target for acute DENV diagnosis, similar to NS1 detection.
Case 12 (2013)

Case presentations focus on mapping techniques, diagnosis, and proper catheter placement for successful ablation of arrhythmias. This case focuses on atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia, junctional tachycardia, short-interval tachycardia, and parahisian pacing.
Synaptic Contacts Enhance Cell-to-Cell Tau Pathology Propagation (2015)

Accumulation of insoluble Tau protein aggregates and stereotypical propagation of Tau pathology through the brain are common hallmarks of tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Propagation of Tau pathology appears to occur along connected neurons, but whether synaptic contacts between neurons are facilitating propagation has not been demonstrated. Using quantitative in vitro models, we demonstrate that, in parallel to non-synaptic mechanisms, synapses, but not merely the close distance between the cells, enhance the propagation of Tau pathology between acceptor hippocampal neurons and Tau donor cells. Similarly, in an artificial neuronal network using microfluidic devices, synapses and synaptic activity are promoting neuronal Tau pathology propagation in parallel to the non-synaptic mechanisms. Our work indicates that the physical presence of synaptic contacts between neurons facilitate Tau pathology propagation. These findings can have implications for synaptic repair therapies, which may turn out to have adverse effects by promoting propagation of Tau pathology.
Relaying Asymmetry of Transient Atropisomers of o‐Iodoanilides by Radical Cyclizations. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Equalization of nonuniform EDFA gain using a fiber-loop mirror (1997)

We have experimentally demonstrated cascaded EDFA gain equalization using a fiber-loop mirror (FLM) acting as a linear wavelength filter. By changing the intra-loop polarization, the FLM passband center wavelength can be tuned. Additionally, there is some ability to change the bandwidth and filter slope of the FLM. The FLM is used to equalize the nonuniform gain of a cascade of EDFAs. After 1500 km, the power differential is reduced from 30 to 2 dB for three WDM channels covering a 9-nm wavelength range.
All-Electrical Control of a Hybrid Electron Spin/Valley Quantum Bit in SOI CMOS Technology (2018)

We fabricated quantum dot devices using a standard SOI CMOS process flow and demonstrated that the spin of confined electrons could be controlled via a local electrical-field excitation, owing to intervalley spin-orbit coupling. We discuss that modulating the confinement geometry via an additional electrode may enable switching a quantum bit (qubit) between an electrically addressable valley configuration and a protected spin configuration. This proposed scheme bears relevance to improve the tradeoff between fast operations and slow decoherence for quantum computing on a Si qubit platform. Finally, we evoke the impact of process-induced variability on the operating bias range.
Irreversible blocking of ion channels using functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (2005)

We demonstrate irreversible blocking of ion channels using single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) functionalized with 2-aminoethylmethane thiosulfonate (MTSET). In contrast, as-produced and purified SWNTs exhibit reversible blocking, indicating that the MTSET molecule attached to SWNTs chemically interacts with the cysteine groups in the ion channels. Functionalization of SWNTs with MTSET is inferred from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which clearly shows absorptions due to -CH stretching and deformation modes, and decrease in intensity of the -COOH line due to reaction of acid functionalized SWNTs with the basic N-CH3 end of the MTSET molecule.
Laser Etching of Gold Conductors for RF Applications (2019)

Abstract Thick film customers who require fine line resolution for their circuitry typically utilize wet chemical etching as a means to reduce conductor's lines and spaces when fine line definition cannot be reliably attained with screen printing alone. Wet chemical etching typically has the means to reduce conductor line widths from a printed definition of 3 mil (75 μm) to as low as 1 mil (25 μm) lines and spaces. The process of performing this chemical etching is time consuming and costly when factoring in the necessary process limitations. With the issues presented by wet chemical etching, thick film customers are presented with a high process cost, yield loss due to the imaging process, and costly wastewater/environmental treatment regulations. Therefore, laser etching will be presented as an alternative method to wet chemical etching for various thick film conductor products. For many years, specialized gold formulations have been etched using typical wet chemical etching processes. Standard and less costly conductor alloys that typically would not be suitable for wet chemical etching will be explored, possibly opening the doors for a wide variety of different applications which would benefit from utilizing this laser etching method. By being able to utilize different conductor alloys (Ag, Cu, etc.), laser etching offers alternative solutions for some of these applications with the added benefit of improved cost and increased throughput. As an example, wet chemical processing of silver conductors has proven to be very challenging in some cases due to the metal form-factor and specialized glasses required. By having the option of laser ablating the silver, a potentially advantageous and cost-effective option would now be possible. Taking into account that laser etching of thick film conductors on ceramic is a relatively new method, this paper will concentrate on some of the opportunities/advantages it can offer. It will illustrate the boundaries of laser etching and how it compares to wet chemical etching while determining/comparing the impact on several properties including adhesion, signal propagation, line definition, and other important defining characteristics of the fired film in the final application.
Exploring the VLSI scalability of stream processors (2003)

Stream processors are high-performance programmable processors optimized to run media applications. Recent work has shown these processors to be more area- and energy-efficient than conventional programmable architectures. This paper explores the scalability of stream architectures to future VLSI technologies where over a thousand floating-point units on a single chip will be feasible. Two techniques for increasing the number of ALU in a stream processor are presented: intracluster and intercluster scaling. These scaling techniques are shown to be cost-efficient to tens of ALU per cluster and to hundreds of arithmetic clusters. A 640-ALU stream processor with 128 clusters and 5 ALU per cluster is shown to be feasible in 45 nanometer technology, sustaining over 300 GOPS on kernels and providing 15.3/spl times/ of kernel speedup and 8.0/spl times/ of application speedup over a 40-ALU stream processor with a 2% degradation in area per ALU and a 7% degradation in energy dissipated per ALU operation.
Ruptured Papillary Muscle (1965)

A case of severe mitral regurgitation secondary to myocardial infarction and rupture of the anterior papillary muscle is presented. Mitral valve replacement resulted in striking improvement.