gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonuniform Overlapping Method in Designing Microstrip Patch Antennas Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization (2015)

Genetic algorithm (GA) has been a popular optimization technique used for performance improvement of microstrip patch antennas (MPAs). When using GA, the patch geometry is optimized by dividing the patch area into small rectangular cells. This has an inherent problem of adjacent cells being connected to each other with infinitesimal connections, which may not be achievable in practice due to fabrication tolerances in chemical etching. As a solution, this paper presents a novel method of dividing the patch area into cells with nonuniform overlaps. The optimized design, which is obtained by using fixed overlap sizes, shows a quad-band performance covering GSM1800, GSM1900, LTE2300, and Bluetooth bands. In contrast, use of nonuniform overlap sizes leads to obtaining a pentaband design covering GSM1800, GSM1900, UMTS, LTE2300, and Bluetooth bandswith fractional bands with of 38% due to the extra design flexibility.
Physiology and Therapeutics of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Tumor Immunosuppression (2009)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), known as a primary mediator of tumor-induced angiogenesis, is now understood to have a role in tumor-associated immunosuppression. Initially, VEGF was identified to alter the growth and maturation of the immature granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, and more recently it has been noted that it prevents dendritic cell (DC) precursors from developing into mature, antigen-presenting DC. VEGF is associated with recruitment of macrophages to the tumor stroma and VEGF inhibition of myeloid progenitor maturation is associated with the development tumor associated macrophages (TAM) which possess immunosuppressive capacity as well. Therapies intended to inhibit VEGF or VEGF receptors have demonstrated improved anti-tumor immunity and enhanced responses to cancer vaccines.
Inhibition of steroid sulphatase activity via the percutaneous route: a new option for breast cancer therapy. (2008)

Steroid sulphatase (STS) inhibitors have been developed primarily for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer, but may also have utility for the treatment of a number of androgen-dependent skin conditions. STS regulates the hydrolysis of steroid sulphates, such as oestrone sulphate (E1S) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, (DHEAS). Liberated oestrone (E1) can be converted to biologically active oestradiol (E2) while dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can undergo reduction to testosterone or aromatisation to E1. In this study the ability of the STS inhibitor STX64 (BN83495) and its N,N-dimethyl analogue (STX289) to inhibit liver and skin STS when applied orally or topically to nude mice was examined. Oral administration at 1 and 10 mg/kg resulted in almost complete inhibition of skin and liver STS. When applied topically to the dorsal neck region at 1.0 and 10 mg/kg not only skin but, unexpectedly, also liver STS was effectively inhibited. An investigation into the metabolism of these two compounds by HepG2 liver carcinoma cells, with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, was also undertaken. In the presence of HepG2 cells a similar degree of desulphamoylation of STX64 (68%) or de-N, N-dimethylsulphamoylation of STX289 (66%) occurred over a 3h period. In the absence of cells, however, STX289 was resistant to de-N, N-dimethylsulphamoylation whereas STX64 was completely desulphamoylated, demonstrating the more favourable pharmaceutical profile of STX289 for development for topical application. It is concluded that both STX64 and STX289 are not only effective inhibitors of skin STS, but also liver STS when applied topically. These findings suggest that it may be possible to develop a formulation for the percutaneous administration of STS inhibitors, but also that this class of compound may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of a number of skin disorders.
Membrane Trafficking of the Cystic Fibrosis Gene Product, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, Tagged with Green Fluorescent Protein in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells (1998)

The mechanism by which cAMP stimulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated chloride (Cl-) secretion is cell type-specific. By using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) type I epithelial cells as a model, we tested the hypothesis that cAMP stimulates Cl- secretion by stimulating CFTR Cl- channel trafficking from an intracellular pool to the apical plasma membrane. To this end, we generated a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-CFTR expression vector in which GFP was linked to the N terminus of CFTR. GFP did not alter CFTR function in whole cell patch-clamp or planar lipid bilayer experiments. In stably transfected MDCK type I cells, GFP-CFTR localization was substratum-dependent. In cells grown on glass coverslips, GFP-CFTR was polarized to the basolateral membrane, whereas in cells grown on permeable supports, GFP-CFTR was polarized to the apical membrane. Quantitative confocal fluorescence microscopy and surface biotinylation experiments demonstrated that cAMP did not stimulate detectable GFP-CFTR translocation from an intracellular pool to the apical membrane or regulate GFP-CFTR endocytosis. Disruption of the microtubular cytoskeleton with colchicine did not affect cAMP-stimulated Cl- secretion or GFP-CFTR expression in the apical membrane. We conclude that cAMP stimulates CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion in MDCK type I cells by activating channels resident in the apical plasma membrane.
Simple Method to Determine the Concentration and Incorporation Ratio of Ruthenium-Labeled Antibodies (2021)

<b>Aim:</b> Ruthenium-labeled antibodies are commonly used detection reagents in bioanalysis assays and must be characterized to ensure quality. The aim of this work was to develop a method to determine the concentration and incorporation ratio (the degree of labeling [DOL]) of ruthenium-labeled antibodies by UV/VIS spectroscopy. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Free SULFO-TAG compound was scanned using UV/VIS and showed an absorbance peak at 292 nm. In contrast, antibodies demonstrate UV absorbance at 280 nm. After experimentally determining the extinction coefficients at 280 and 292 nm of free ruthenium and antibody, we generated a formula based on the Beer-Lambert law that calculates both concentration and DOL of these ruthenium-labeled antibodies. <b>Conclusion:</b> The concentration and DOL values determined by our method were comparable to those determined from bicinchoninic acid and LC/MS for the same reagents. This method creates a faster and more accessible reagent characterization process that uses far less reagent than the more traditional alternatives.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccine When Coadministered With a Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (2021)

NCT04071158.
Humeral Head Posterior Subluxation on CT Scan: Validation and Comparison of 2 Methods of Measurement (2010)

Background Humeral static posterior translation is important for evaluation of osteoarthritis. Two different methods are compared for absolute difference and reliability. Methods A group of patients with shoulder pathology were analyzed. Images were evaluated 2 times with 2 methods by 3 evaluators. The first method, scapula method (SM), uses the scapula axis as a reference line (line drawn from the medial border of the scapula body to the center of the glenoid). The second method, named mediatrice method (MM), used the “mediatrice” line, drawn as a perpendicular line to glenoid joint surface passing in its middle. The percentage of the humeral head posterior to the line was assessed at the longest AP diameter. A percentage higher than 55% defined posterior subluxation. Reliability of both methods was obtained using consistency and interobserver agreement using intraclass correlation. Results One hundred fifteen cases met the inclusion criteria. The intraobserver reliability was very good using SM and good with MM. The interobserver reliability was very good for SM and good for MM. Conclusion The SM is slightly more reliable for subluxation measurement of the glenohumeral joint, however, both could be used to study the influence of humeral head subluxation on postoperative results.
Childhood Dietary Intake in Italy: The Epidemiological “MY FOOD DIARY” Survey (2019)

Promoting a healthy lifestyle during the first years of life is a key strategy for controlling obesity risk in later life; having good-quality epidemiological data on eating habits of infants and toddlers can improve awareness and possibly the education given by pediatricians to parents and children. With this aim, we performed a survey about the dietary pattern of Italian children in early childhood. We described the intake of energy, macronutrients and fiber, minerals, and vitamins of 443 Italian children (range 6.4-131 months), through a three-day food record filled out by their parents and assessed by family pediatricians. The results were compared with the Italian Dietary Reference Values. The median protein intake, in g/kg per body weight, exceeded the average requirement in all age groups, and in the 12-36 month period, the intake as % of energy was outside the reference range (>15%). The majority of the children consumed quantities of simple carbohydrates (consisting of both natural sugars and free or added sugars, 82.3% of the children in the study) and saturated fats (69% of the children in the study) above the limits of the Italian Dietary Reference Values, with low intake of fiber and polyunsaturated fats. Median mineral intake, in our study, was different depending on age, while vitamin D intake was very low in all age groups. This is one of the few studies reporting on the nutrient intake of Italian children with reference to nutrition recommendations in order to identify the principal nutritional errors. The present results underline the need for healthcare policies starting from the first years of life in order to ameliorate nutrient intake during childhood, possibly impacting long-term health outcomes.
Human genome meeting 2016 (2016)

From the first description by Leo Kanner [1], autism has been an enigmatic neurobehavioral phenomenon. The new genetic/genomic technologies of the past decade have not been as productive as originally anticipated in unveiling the mysteries of autism. The specific etiology of the majority of cases of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is unknown, although numerous genetic/genomic variants and alterations of diverse cellular functions have been reported. Prompted by this failure, we have investigated whether the metabolomics approach might yield results which could simultaneously lead to a blood-based screening/diagnostic test and to treatment options. Methods Plasma samples from a clinically well-defined cohort of 100 male individuals, ages 2-16+ years, with ASD and 32 age-matched typically developing (TD) controls were subjected to global metabolomic analysis.
Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Contributes to Resistance to Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Drugs in Human Cancer Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Contributes to Resistance to Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Drugs in Human Cancer Cells
Preoperative colonization in pediatric cardiac surgery and its impact on postoperative infections (2017)

The results of our study suggest that the impact of preoperative colonization on outcome and postoperative infections may be negligible; larger series are required to clearly define this issue.
Complex pulsing schemes for high frame rate imaging (2003)

High frame rate ultrasound imaging can be achieved by simultaneous transmission of multiple focused beams along different directions. However, image quality degrades by the interference among beams. An alternative approach is to transmit spherical waves of a basic short pulse with frequency coding and a constant transmit delay from channel to channel. In this way, transmit diversity is provided on a time and channel basis rather than on a beam direction basis. The non-focused transmitted acoustic waves carry spatial information from the entire imaging region. At a given imaging point, all pulses will add up to a pulse train. The acoustically generated high time-bandwidth (TB) product waveforms can be compressed by using a filter bank of matched filters one for every beam direction. Matched filtering compresses the pulse train to a single pulse at the scatterer position plus a number of spike axial sidelobes. Frequency and phase modulation of the transmitting pulses allows control and elimination of the ambiguous spikes. QLFM pulse trains are found to give the best performance. Simulation results and images are presented showing the feasibility of the method. The excitation consists of 32 pulses with linear frequency modulation along the transducer elements, that cover the 70% fractional bandwidth of the 7 MHz transducer. The resulted images (after beamforming and matched filtering) show an axial resolution at the same order as in conventional pulse excitation and axial sidelobes down to -45 dB. With the proposed imaging strategy of pulse train excitation, a whole image can be formed with only two emissions, making it possible to obtain high quality images at a frame rate of 20 to 25 times higher than that of conventional phased array imaging.
An exploration of sensorless manipulation (1986)

An autonomous robotic manipulator can reduce uncertainty in the locations of objects in either of two ways: by sensing, or by motion strategies. This paper explores the use of motion strategies to eliminate uncertainty, without the use of sensors. The approach is demonstrated within the context of a simple method to orient planar objects. A randomly oriented object is dropped into a tray. When the tray is tilted, the object can slide into walls, along walls, and into corners, sometimes with the effect of reducing the number of possible orientations. For some objects a sequence of tilting operations exists that leaves the object's orientation completely determined. The paper describes an automatic planner that constructs such a tilting program, using a simple model of the mechanics of sliding. The planner has been implemented, the resulting programs have been executed using a tray attached to an industrial manipulator, and sometimes the programs work. The paper also explores the issue of sensorless manipulation, tray-tilting in particular, within the context of a formal framework first described by Lozano-Pérez, Mason, and Taylor [1984]. It is observed that sensorless motion strategies perform conditional actions using mechanical decisions in place of environmental inquiries.
Analysis of factors affecting vocal fold impact stress using a mechanical model (2001)

High mechanical stress levels in the vocal folds likely contribute to pathological changes to the tissue such as vocal nodules. Vocal fold collision during phonation was modeled as a dynamic contact problem in order to calculate stress levels during impact. The model incorporated a 3-D, linear elastic, finite element representation of a single vocal fold, a rigid midline surface, and a simplified aerodynamic waveform. The effects of fold geometry, material properties, and sub-glottal pressure on peak impact stress were calculated. Impact stress time course and the relationship between sub-glottal pressure and peak impact stress agree with published experimental measurements [Jiang and Titze, J. Voice 8, 132–144 (1994)]. Identification of high-stress configurations will promote better understanding of the etiology, persistence, and treatment of certain pathological voice changes. [Work supported by the Whitaker Foundation.]
Preferential solvation of the thallous ion and its relation to the thallium-205 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreferential solvation of the thallous ion and its relation to the thallium-205 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shiftJames J. Dechter and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 7, 1690–1694Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50161a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50161a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cooperative augmentation of mobile smart objects with projected displays (2013)

Sensors, processors, and radios can be integrated invisibly into objects to make them smart and sensitive to user interaction, but feedback is often limited to beeps, blinks, or buzzes. We propose to redress this input-output imbalance by augmentation of smart objects with projected displays, that—unlike physical displays—allow seamless integration with the natural appearance of an object. In this article, we investigate how, in a ubiquitous computing world, smart objects can acquire and control a projection. We consider that projectors and cameras are ubiquitous in the environment, and we develop a novel conception and system that enables smart objects to spontaneously associate with projector-camera systems for cooperative augmentation. Projector-camera systems are conceived as generic, supporting standard computer vision methods for different appearance cues, and smart objects provide a model of their appearance for method selection at runtime, as well as sensor observations to constrain the visual detection process. Cooperative detection results in accurate location and pose of the object, which is then tracked for visual augmentation in response to display requests by the smart object. In this article, we define the conceptual framework underlying our approach; report on computer vision experiments that give original insight into natural appearance-based detection of everyday objects; show how object sensing can be used to increase speed and robustness of visual detection; describe and evaluate a fully implemented system; and describe two smart object applications to illustrate the system's cooperative augmentation process and the embodied interactions it enables with smart objects.
Dispersion of the electronic n2 originating from two-photon absorption in semiconductors (1989)

Recently we reported large third-order nonlinear susceptibilities in semiconductors in the presence of two-photon absorption as measured on a picosecond time scale DFWM. 1,2 These nonlinearities have fast response (resolution limited by the laser pulse width ≃25-ps FWHM) and are distinguished from the slowly decaying carrier effects which appear as fifth-order effects. Using the newly developed Z-scan technique (a simple single beam method for n 2 measurements 3 ), we have determined the sign and magnitude of these nonlinearities. These measurements show the changing sign of n 2 from positive to negative ZnSe and CdS when going from 1- to 0.5- μ m radiation. Using a Kramers-Kronig transformation on the two-photon absorption spectrum of the direct gap semiconductors as calculated from second-order perturbation theory, we have been able to account not only for the dispersion but the magnitude of these nonlinearities. This simple formalism yields a general scaling formula for n 2 as where A is a nearly material independent constant and G 2 is the calculated dispersion function. The above expression also gives an estimate of the low frequency electronic n 2 (positive) for a large number of transparent materials (e.g., glasses) which possess nonlinearities that are 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than the semiconductors.
Magneto-optical spectroscopy on Weyl nodes for anomalous and topological Hall effects in chiral MnGe (2021)

Physics of Weyl electrons has been attracting considerable interests and further accelerated by recent discoveries of giant anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and topological Hall effect (THE) in several magnetic systems including non-coplanar magnets with spin chirality or small-size skyrmions. These AHEs/THEs are often attributed to the intense Berry curvature generated around the Weyl nodes accompanied by band anti-crossings, yet the direct experimental evidence still remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate an essential role of the band anti-crossing for the giant AHE and THE in MnGe thin film by using the terahertz magneto-optical spectroscopy. The low-energy resonance structures around ~ 1.2 meV in the optical Hall conductivity show the enhanced AHE and THE, indicating the emergence of at least two distinct anti-crossings near the Fermi level. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that the competition of these resonances with opposite signs is a cause of the strong temperature and magnetic-field dependences of observed DC Hall conductivity. These results lead to the comprehensive understanding of the interplay among the transport phenomena, optical responses and electronic/spin structures.
Potent Cytolytic Response by a CD8+ CTL Clone to Multiple Peptides from the Same Protein in Association with an Allogeneic Class I MHC Molecule (2001)

CTL clone 2C recognizes the allogeneic class I MHC molecule L(d) in association with peptides derived from alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH)), a ubiquitous intracellular protein. One of these peptides, QLSPFPFDL (QL9), elicits more vigorous cytolytic responses than two previously identified naturally processed peptides with overlapping sequences, LSPFPFDL (p2Ca) and VAITRIEQLSPFPFDL (p2Cb), from OGDH. In this study, we show that QL9 forms a more stable complex with cell surface L(d) than does p2Ca or p2Cb and is processed from the longer, naturally occurring peptide p2Cb by 20S proteosomes in vitro. The N-terminal cyclized pyroglutaminyl QL9 (pyroQL9), a form of QL9 to which it is converted at the low pH used for peptide isolation from tissue extracts, is even more active than QL9 in cytotoxicity assays with 2C CTL. Overall, the results indicate that along with the abundant natural peptides p2Ca and p2Cb, the QL9 and other OGDH peptides of various lengths, sharing a conserved C-terminal sequence, are also processed and presented with L(d) as allogeneic ligands for T cells expressing 2C TCR. All these peptides, each available in a low amount, could act in concert at the cell surface, resulting in a high density of cognate ligands that accounts for the exceptionally potent cytolytic response by 2C CTL.