gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wave-Like Solutions of General One-Dimensional Spatially Coupled Systems (2012)

We establish the existence of wave-like solutions to spatially coupled graphical models which, in the large size limit, can be characterized by a one-dimensional real-valued state. This is extended to a proof of the threshold saturation phenomenon for all such models, which includes spatially coupled irregular LDPC codes over the BEC, but also addresses hard-decision decoding for transmission over general channels, the CDMA multiple-access problem, compressed sensing, and some statistical physics models. For traditional uncoupled iterative coding systems with two components and transmission over the BEC, the asymptotic convergence behavior is completely characterized by the EXIT curves of the components. More precisely, the system converges to the desired fixed point, which is the one corresponding to perfect decoding, if and only if the two EXIT functions describing the components do not cross. For spatially coupled systems whose state is one-dimensional a closely related graphical criterion applies. Now the curves are allowed to cross, but not by too much. More precisely, we show that the threshold saturation phenomenon is related to the positivity of the (signed) area enclosed by two EXIT-like functions associated to the component systems, a very intuitive and easy-to-use graphical characterization. In the spirit of EXIT functions and Gaussian approximations, we also show how to apply the technique to higher dimensional and even infinite-dimensional cases. In these scenarios the method is no longer rigorous, but it typically gives accurate predictions. To demonstrate this application, we discuss transmission over general channels using both the belief-propagation as well as the min-sum decoder.
The effect of users' grouping on the linear group-wise successive interference cancellation detectors (2004)

We present a generalized linear multistage hybrid multiuser detector for the uplink channel in a CDMA system. We discuss new results that facilitate the analysis of multistage multiuser detectors. We validate our work by extensive simulation showing the convergence behavior of the hybrid multiuser detector for different users' grouping.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2012: Opportunities and Challenges (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2012: Opportunities and ChallengesCraig LindsleyCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2012, 3, 1, 1Publication Date (Web):January 18, 2012Publication History Published online18 January 2012Published inissue 18 January 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cn200131phttps://doi.org/10.1021/cn200131peditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views656Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (110 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemical neuroscience,Drug discovery,Medicinal chemistry,Neuroscience Get e-Alerts
Consolidation and Microstructure Control of Bismuth Antimony Telluride by Compressive Torsion Forming (2007)

Bismuth antimony telluride has the best performance among the p-type thermoelectric materials used in the range of temperature between 300 K and 500 K. This material has a trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral crystal structure and the cleavage parallel to the basal plane of the crystal can readily occur. Suppression of the electrical resistivity and the thermal conductivity will be effective for further improvement of the performance of the thermoelectric elements made from this material. The compressive torsion forming is the severe plastic deformation technique, in which the loads of compression and distortion are simultaneously subjected to the materials without change in its shape. In this work, we have applied this technique to the powder of bismuth antimony telluride for consolidation and improvement of the thermoelectric performance by refining the grain structure and by controlling the crystal orientation. The samples consolidated under various forming conditions were investigated with respect to density, microstructure, XRD, texture, and thermoelectric properties. It was found out that the compressive torsion forming is effective for the microstructure control, the grain structure less than 10 μm can be obtained, and the thermoelectric performance is obviously improved by the compressive torsion forming.
(1R,2R,3S,6aS,7R,8R,9S,12aS)-1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexahydroxyperhydrodipyrido[1,2-a:1′,2′-d]pyrazine-6,12-dione (2010)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(18)N(2)O(8), exists as O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded layers of mol-ecules running parallel to the ab plane. Each mol-ecule is a donor and acceptor for six hydrogen bonds. The absolute stereochemistry was determined by the use of d-glucuronolactone as the starting material.
Data from RLY-4008, the First Highly Selective FGFR2 Inhibitor with Activity across <i>FGFR2</i> Alterations and Resistance Mutations (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Oncogenic activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) drives multiple cancers and represents a broad therapeutic opportunity, yet selective targeting of FGFR2 has not been achieved. Although the clinical efficacy of pan-FGFR inhibitors (pan-FGFRi) validates &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; driver status in &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; fusion–positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, their benefit is limited by incomplete target coverage due to FGFR1- and FGFR4-mediated toxicities (hyperphosphatemia and diarrhea, respectively) and the emergence of &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective, irreversible FGFR2 inhibitor designed to overcome these limitations. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt;, RLY-4008 demonstrates &gt;250- and &gt;5,000-fold selectivity over FGFR1 and FGFR4, respectively, and targets primary alterations and resistance mutations. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, RLY-4008 induces regression in multiple xenograft models—including models with &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; resistance mutations that drive clinical progression on current pan-FGFRi—while sparing FGFR1 and FGFR4. In early clinical testing, RLY-4008 induced responses without clinically significant off-isoform FGFR toxicities, confirming the broad therapeutic potential of selective FGFR2 targeting.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Patients with &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt;-driven cancers derive limited benefit from pan-FGFRi due to multiple FGFR1–4-mediated toxicities and acquired &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective FGFR2 inhibitor that targets primary alterations and resistance mutations and induces tumor regression while sparing other FGFRs, suggesting it may have broad therapeutic potential.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The amyloid plaque proteome in different subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

Abstract Background Amyloid plaques contain many proteins in addition to beta amyloid (Aß). Previous studies examining individual plaque‐associated proteins have shown that the presence of these proteins is important: they provide insight into Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, and they are potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for AD. However, a comprehensive analysis of all proteins enriched in amyloid plaques has not yet been done. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use an unbiased proteomic approach to identify all proteins consistently enriched in amyloid plaques in different subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease. Method We used label‐free quantitative mass spectrometry to identify all proteins significantly enriched in microdissected amyloid plaques in comparison to surrounding, non‐plaque tissue in two subtypes of AD; sporadic early onset AD (EOAD; age at death &lt;65; n = 5) and Down syndrome with AD (DS; n = 5). Validation was performed using immunohistochemistry and by comparison with published proteomics databases. Result 116 proteins were consistently enriched in plaques in EOAD and DS in addition to Aß. The five most highly enriched proteins in plaques were the same in both subtypes of AD; COL25A1 (136 fold enriched in plaques), SMOC1 (87 fold enriched), MDK (59 fold enriched), NTN1 (55 fold enriched), and HTRA1 (49 fold enriched). Amyloid plaques were most significantly enriched in vesicle proteins (predominantly endosomal/lysosomal proteins; enrichment FDR = 5.71 × 10 −19 ), therefore suggesting that the endosomal/lysosomal system may have an important role in amyloid plaque formation. We also identified 53 novel proteins enriched in plaques: 12 of these proteins have been previously associated with either Aß or APP, but not yet known to be present in plaques, while 41 of these proteins have not yet been associated with Aß. Immunohistochemistry validated the enrichment of selected novel plaque proteins such as all ERM family members (ezrin, radixin, moesin), which interact with the actin cytoskeleton and have important roles in endosome transport and maturation. Conclusion Amyloid plaques are enriched in &gt;100 proteins in addition to Aß. We have identified many novel amyloid plaque proteins, which may be potential therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for AD.
Data Supplement from A Search for Novel Cancer/Testis Antigens in Lung Cancer Identifies VCX/Y Genes, Expanding the Repertoire of Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2. mRNA expression levels (log2 intensity) of 182 CT antigens in 38 NSCLC cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Quantitative and Qualitative Cellular Genomics: High Content Analysis as an End Point for HT‐RNAi Phenotype Profiling Using GE's IN Cell Platform (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Cellular Genomics Enabling Technologies to Facilitate Cellular Genomics: RNA Interference High Throughput RNAi (HT-RNAi) High Content Analysis (HCA) for High Throughput Phenotype Profiling Future Directions References
Inference on Recombination and Block Structure Using Unphased Data (2004)

In this study compatibility with a tree for unphased genotype data is discussed. If the data are compatible with a tree, the data are consistent with an assumption of no recombination in its evolutionary history. Further, it is said that there is a solution to the perfect phylogeny problem; i.e., for each individual a pair of haplotypes can be defined and the set of all haplotypes can be explained without invoking recombination. A new algorithm to decide whether or not a sample is compatible with a tree is derived. The new algorithm relies on an equivalence relation between sites that mutually determine the phase of each other. (The previous algorithm was based on advanced graph theoretical tools.) The equivalence relation is used to derive the number of solutions to the perfect phylogeny problem. Further, a series of statistics, R ( j ) ( M ), j >or= 2, are defined. These can be used to detect recombination events in the sample's history and to divide the sample into regions that are compatible with a tree. The new statistics are applied to real data from human genes. The results from this application are discussed with reference to recent suggestions that recombination in the human genome is highly heterogeneous.
Wall-attached structures over a traveling wavy boundary: Turbulent velocity fluctuations (2021)

The attached-eddy framework is extended to turbulent coherent structures over a traveling wavy boundary. The results provide evidence for the presence of the hierarchically distributed self-similar wall-attached structures of streamwise velocity fluctuations in the presence of a wavy boundary. This is helpful for the modeling and prediction of flow properties in wind-wave interactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Insertion of Sodium into Carbon. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rapid Development of Resistance to Antifolates In Vitro: Possible Clinical Implication (1991)

Within three repeated 7-day incubation periods with either methotrexate (MTX) or trimetrexate (TMTX), human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8) developed high levels of resistance to these drugs, as evidenced by approximately 20- and 50-fold increases, respectively, in the median effective doses. Similarly, within six short-term exposures (4 hours) to the same drugs, a high degree of resistance developed in the cells. Alternating 4-hour treatment cycles with MTX and TMTX did not delay the onset of resistance to these antimetabolites in the HCT-8 cells. The same strategy produced no better results than giving either MTX or TMTX alone to (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1 mice bearing murine leukemia P388 cells. Furthermore, HCT-8 cells resistant to short-term (4-hour) exposure to MTX were cross-resistant to the same drug given for 7 days continuously, and cells resistant to MTX given continuously for 7 days were cross-resistant to the same drug given for 4 hours. Analogous results were obtained with TMTX, indicating that, under these circumstances, changing the schedule of administration of the same agent does not overcome resistance to it. The clinical relevance of these data to prolonged adjuvant chemotherapy, as well as loco-regional and continuous-infusion chemotherapy, is discussed.
Electrically switchable, photoaddressable cholesteric liquid crystal reflectors (2009)

We report on the development of photoaddressable cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) mixtures capable of large range color tuning as well as direct on-off electrical switching. The continuously photoaddressable CLC mixtures are based on a high HTP azo-containing chiral material mixed with an off-the-shelf nematic liquid crystal (QL9/E44). By polymer stabilizing the QL9/E44 mixture, it is demonstrated that the photoaddressable reflection of the notch can be switched on and off with an AC voltage. The novel combination of these effects has potential utility in lasing, dynamic notch filters, and spatial light modulators.
Stability Monitoring for BWR based on Singular Value Decomposition Method using Artificial Neural Network (2005)

A new method for evaluating the decay ratios in a boiling water reactor (BWR) using the singular value decomposition (SVD) method had been proposed. In this method, a signal component closely related to the BWR stability can be extracted from independent components of the neutron noise signal decomposed by the SVD method. However, real-time stability monitoring by the SVD method requires an efficient procedure for screening such compoments. For efficient screening, an artificial neural network (ANN) with three layers was adopted. The trained ANN was actually applied to decomposed components of local power range monitor (LPRM) signals that were measured in stability experiments conducted in the Ringhals-1 BWR. In each LPRM signal, multiple candidates were screened from the decomposed components. However, decay ratios could be estimated by introducing appropriate criterions for selecting the most suitable component among the candidates. The estimated decay ratios are almost identical to those evaluated by visual screening in a previous study. The selected components commonly have the largest singular value, the largest decay ratio and the least squared fitting error among the candidates. By virtue of excellent screening performance of the trained ANN, the real-time stability monitoring by the SVD method can be applied in practice.
Induction therapy pre‐autologous stem cell transplantation in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: a retrospective evaluation (2016)

There is no consensus on whether patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) should receive induction therapy prior to an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). This study investigated the relationships between baseline bone marrow plasmacytosis (BMPC), cardiac staging, and pre-transplant induction in AL patients. All patients who received ASCT for AL within 12 months of diagnosis were included. Patient characteristics and outcomes were abstracted. Univariate and multivariate modeling was performed. Among 415 AL patients, 35% had induction prior to ASCT. Post-ASCT hematologic CR plus VGPR rates were significantly higher in those with baseline BMPC ≤ 10% compared to BMPC >10% (58% versus 40%, P = 0.0013). Significant risk factors for lack of attainment of CR included attenuated dose melphalan conditioning, baseline BMPC > 10%, no induction, and male gender. The 5-year OS for the entire group was 65%. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for inferior OS included no induction therapy, advanced AL amyloid staging, BMPC > 10%, attenuated conditioning melphalan dose, and male gender. Patients with Mayo 2012 stage I-II patients with BMPC ≤ 10%, who comprised 56% of the ASCT population fared exceedingly well regardless of whether or not they received induction therapy with a 5-year OS of 81 to 83%. Induction therapy pre-ASCT may improve outcomes among AL patients due to a rapid reduction of toxic light chains or alternatively by elimination of less fit patients by "testing" their ability to tolerate chemotherapy. Prospective studies will be required to sort out these and other questions. Am. J. Hematol. 91:984-988, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of Test Parameters on Tribological Results — Synthesis from Round Robin Tests (2001)

A series of cooperative interlaboratory tests (round robins) was conducted in 1997, 1998 and 1999 by the DIN 51834 Working Group on Tribological Tests in Translatory Oscillation Apparatus. The statistical analysis of these test results shows the influence of cleaning solvent, machine model and evaluation criteria on the tribological properties of the lubricants tested. Coefficients of friction and wear results are ranked according to the effects of ten different cleaning solvents, where isopropanol gave the lowest values and isoparaffin solvents the highest. The effect of machine model on coefficients of friction varied from about 0.2 % to 0.9 % of the average. Wear results were not affected. The tests also showed that the seizure criteria and methods of measuring wear required for in the test procedure do not provide a suitable measure of the tribological properties of some lubricants.
Spark Plasma Sintering of Tungsten Bronze Sr 2− x Ca x NaNb 5 O 15 ( x = 0.1) Piezoelectric Ceramics: I, Processing and Microstructure (2002)

Tungsten bronze Sr 2− x Ca x NaNb 5 O 15 (SCNN, x = 0.1) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by a novel super‐fast sintering technique, i.e., spark plasma sintering (SPS). Sintering was conducted at temperatures ranging from 1000° to 1200°C under vacuum under 35 MPa. The heating rate varied from 30° to 300°C/min and the soaking time was in the range of 5 to 60 min. The microstructure and the phase identification were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The density of the sintered ceramics increased with an increase in sintering temperature as well as in heating rate. Materials with a near‐theoretical density could be attained by sintering at 1200°C for 5 min with a heating rate of 300°C/min, exhibiting a homogeneous and fine‐grained microstructure (grain size about 2.7 μm) and a uniform translucency. A tetragonal tungsten bronze phase was identified in ceramics sintered at temperatures above 1200°C, whereas the tungsten bronze phase transformed to a SrNb 2 O 6 ‐type phase in the materials sintered at temperatures below 1200°C. XRD patterns demonstrated a preferred crystallographic orientation of the SCNN grains with their c ‐axes perpendicular to the pressing direction.
Failure to demonstrate the stimulative effect of calcitonin on cyclic AMP accumulation in avian bone in vitro. (1981)

The effect of calcitonin on the metabolism of calcium and cyclic AMP in the avian bone was examined in vitro. In the chick embryonic cortical bone, calcitonin affected neither the level of cyclic AMP nor the parathyroid hormone-induced stimulation of calcium release from bone. Also, the level of cyclic AMP in the cortical or medullary bone of Japanese quails was not increased by calcitonin. The medullary bone did not respond to calcitonin either in freshly prepared tissue or in tissue cultured for 48 hr in the absence of calcitonin. The activity of renal adenylate cyclase of Japanese quails was also calcitonin-insensitive. The inability of calcitonin to increase the level of cyclic AMP and to antagonize the parathyroid hormone-induced stimulation of calcium release from bone may account for the lack of hypocalcemic effect of calcitonin in birds as reported by other investigators.
The MDA MicroSatellite Target System (MTS) for DoD Radar Calibration (2007)

The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) Advanced Systems Directorate (MDA/DV) is developing the MicroSatellite Target System (MTS) to research and develop the technologies necessary to build relatively inexpensive microsatellites for calibration of terrestrial radar. MTS-1 is designed to simulate reentry vehicle (RV) dynamics using the spacecraft (SC) Attitude Control System (ACS). The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Space Vehicles Directorate is the executing agent for MTS under MDA sponsorship.
Long-term follow-up of patients with CLL treated with the selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ONO/GS-4059 (2017)

International audience
The contribution of microbial biotechnology to economic growth and employment creation (2017)

Our communication discusses the profound impact of bio-based economies - in particular microbial biotechnologies - on SDG 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all. A bio-based economy provides significant potential for improving labour supply, education and investment, and thereby for substantially increasing the demographic dividend. This, in turn, improves the sustainable development of economies.
Abinitiodetermination of the structure of a grain boundary by simulated quenching (1987)

Results of the first completely ab initio investigation of the microscopic structure of a grain boundary in a semiconductor are presented. By use of the molecular-dynamics--simulated annealing method for performing total-energy calculations within the local-density--functional and pseudopotential approximation, the \ensuremath{\Sigma}=5 (001) twist boundary in germanium is studied. A number of rotation-and-translation states are investigated leading to a prediction for the structure of this geometry. Evidence for the possible presence of novel defects and glasslike tunneling mode states at grain boundaries is presented.