gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Postmitotic nuclear pore assembly proceeds by radial dilation of small ER membrane openings (2017)

Abstract The nuclear envelope has to be reformed after mitosis to create viable daughter cells with closed nuclei. How membrane sealing of DNA and assembly of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are achieved and coordinated is poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed nuclear membrane topology and structure of assembling NPCs in a correlative three dimensional electron microscopy time-course of dividing human cells. Our quantitative ultrastructural analysis shows that nuclear membranes form from highly fenestrated ER sheets, whose shrinking holes are stabilized and then dilated into NPCs during inner ring complex assembly, forming thousands of transport channels within minutes. This mechanism is fundamentally different from interphase NPC assembly and explains how mitotic cells can rapidly establish a closed nuclear compartment while making it transport-competent at the same time.
Evaluation of aerosol drug delivery with concurrent low- and high-flow nasal oxygen (2022)

Question addressed by study Administration of aerosol to patients receiving high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) ranges from concurrent aerosol delivery by mouthpiece to aerosol via cannula alone. This study examines the conditions to provide optimal aerosol delivery with low- or high-flow nasal oxygen with concurrent mouthpiece or through nasal cannula alone, and the impact on fugitive aerosols. Materials and methods A vibrating mesh nebuliser delivered salbutamol via mouthpiece, aerosol holding chamber and nasal cannula to an adult head model simulating relaxed breathing. The mean± sd inhaled dose (%) was assayed from a filter distal to the trachea. Optical particle sizers were used to measure fugitive aerosol concentrations during aerosol delivery. Results Concurrent low-flow nasal oxygen (LFNO) and aerosol delivery with a mouthpiece and aerosol holding chamber increased the inhaled dose (%) available, 31.44±1.33% when supplemented with 2 L·min −1 of nasal oxygen. Concurrent HFNO above 30 L·min −1 resulted in a lower inhaled dose (%) compared to aerosol delivered through HFNO alone. The addition of concurrent LFNO or HFNO resulted in no increase in aerosol levels in the test room. Answer to question posed Concurrent LFNO with a mouthpiece and aerosol holding chamber is an effective and safe means of aerosol delivery.
Using ultrasound and photoacoustics to monitor in situ forming implant structure and drug release (2017)

Most chemotherapeutics (CTs) are delivered systemically, causing nausea, hair loss, fatigue and a compromised immune system. Biocompatible in situ forming implants (ISFIs) are drug delivery vehicles which are injected as a liquid before solidifying in tissues and ultimately breaking down. By dissolving CTs in an ISFI solution, they can be injected directly to the tumour site and released in a controllable manner. ISFIs can provide localized, continuous release of CT, reducing side effects. The complex phase change of ISFIs cause variable release rate of CT. For the first time, photoacoustic (PA) imaging was used to monitor a dye (mimicking CT) diffusing into a tissue mimicking phantom while quantitative ultrasound (QUS) was used to monitor the changes in the ISFI structure.
A Bis(Diphosphanyl N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Gold Complex: A Synthon for Luminescent Rigid AuAg2 Arrays and Au5 and Cu6 Double Arrays (2016)

A mononuclear bis(NHC)/Au(I) (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) cationic complex with a rigid bis(phosphane)-functionalized NHC ligand (PC(NHC)P) was used to construct linear Au3 and Ag2 Au arrays, a Au5 cluster with two intersecting crosslike Au3 arrays, and an unprecedented Cu6 complex with two parallel Cu3 arrays. The impact of metallophilic interactions on photoluminescence was studied experimentally.
Composite predictions of secondary structures of lac repressor (1979)

Abstract The secondary structure of the lac repressor protein proposed by Chou et al. has been modified to include the recent revisions in sequence. In addition to the Chou and Fasman method, five other methods were used; they include those of (1) Lim, (2) Ptitsyn and Finkelstein, (3) Burgess et al., (4) Bunting et al., and (5) Wu and Kabat. Any two individual methods gave results differing sharply from one another. Three or more methods were in agreement for 91, 39, and 126 residues in helix, in β, and in combined coil plus turn conformations, respectively; there were such agreements for a total of 256 of the 360 residues. Agreements in the amino‐terminal third of the molecule were found for 68% of the residues, whereas in the remainder of the molecule only 53% of the residues showed such agreements. Only two helix‐breaking and two β‐breaking tripeptides were inconsistent with the composite predictions by three or more methods. The large number of disagreements among the results for different methods indicates that only very limited information is provided by each method and that the basis on which they operate is not clear. There is no a priori reason for a composite prediction to be more reliable than any individual prediction, and such a procedure does not permit the determination of an unambiguous secondary structure. Since these methods were applied to lac repressor before any three‐dimensional crystallographic structure was known, the methods may ultimately be evaluated should such a structure become available.
The Effect of Microstructure on the Formation of Retained Austenite in TRIP Assisted Steel (2003)

The effects of the isothermal austempering conditions were investigated to clarify the mechanism of retained austenite formation in C-Mn-Si steel. The volume fraction of retained austenite increases with increases in the carbon content in the austenite and the volume fraction of austenite during austempering treatment. As the bainite transformation progresses, the carbon content of the austenite increases along with it, while the fraction of austenite that has not been transformed to bainite decreases. As a result, the volume fraction of retained austenite peaks during the austempering treatment. A high austempering temperature and large initial austenite grain size enhance bainite transformation, and the austempering time decreases when the volume fraction of the retained austenite peaks. A small initial austenite grain size leads to increases in the volume fraction of the retained austenite at the same level of the solute carbon content.
Filtering Based ROI Coding Using Dynamic Range Compression and Updating Source Picture Filter (2017)

The region of interest (ROI) coding, which compresses background region more strongly than foreground region, is valuable technology in restricted communication environments such as limited bandwidth and/or storage capacity. This paper proposes a filtering scheme which reduces the amount of bits by filtering background region in order to support efficient ROI coding on ordinary devices without equipping ROI coding functionality. Specifically, dynamic range compression (DRC) filter and updating source picture (USP) filter are added to a low-pass filter, which has been used for conventional filtering scheme. The DRC filter compresses dynamic range of all pixels by down-scaling. The USP filter measures distance between current and previous picture by block basis, and then overwrites the block of the current picture when the distance is smaller than predetermined threshold. Experimental results show that the proposed filtering scheme reduces bit-rate by half compared to the conventional low-pass filter in the condition with the PSNR-Y of background region kept to 27 dB. Compared to uniform quality coding which does not incur the filters, there is the case that the proposed filtering scheme reduces bit-rate by 58 %. These results promise to cut down on cost of communication and storage.
Confidence guided progressive search and fast match techniques for high performance Chinese/English OCR (2003)

In the past several years, we have been developing a high performance OCR engine for machine printed Chinese/English documents. We present two innovative techniques that contribute to the high efficiency in recognition of the mixed Chinese/English text line. They are (1) a progressive search strategy based on character verification, and (2) a tree-based fast match technique with a confidence-guided adaptive stopping mechanism. The efficacy of the proposed techniques is confirmed by experiments in a benchmark test.
Top-down vs. bottom-up coarse-graining of graphene and CNTs for nanodevice simulation (2012)

We present and compare two approaches for the coarse-graining (CG) of models for graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Such models are required to enable mechanical device simulation on mesoscopic time and length scales hardly reachable by the molecular dynamics method. The first is a heuristic top-down approach while the second performs a rigorous bottom-up CG based upon an atomistic description. Both models belong to the family of dissipative particle dynamics. The top-down model already allows to analyze CNT self assembly and the temperature dependent resonance behavior of resonators. Correct relaxation time-scales required, e.g., for the Q-factor of resonator-devices are hard to adjust in this model. Therefore, a statistical projection-operator based bottom-up approach was investigated. This model allows to reproduce the correct time scales of autocorrelation functions on a CG-level. For correct cross-correlations and hence the correct decay of eigenmodes, further improvements are necessary.
Tunneling transducers: Quantum limited displacement monitors at the nanometer scale (1991)

Displacement transducers based upon quantum mechanical tunneling of electrons can potentially achieve a sensitivity far superior to conventional transducers. The reason for this is that the dynamical influence of the tunneling transducer on a test mass is insignificant compared to that of traditional capacitive, inductive or piezoelectric transducers. Thus the fluctuating ‘‘back action’’ force from electrical noise in the tunneling transducer is nearly eliminated. The ‘‘back action’’ force becomes dominant as the test mass is miniaturized, thus the tunneling transducer may be especially useful in micro-fabricated sensors. In this paper we present an equivalent circuit model for a tunneling transducer including noise and outline a method for calculating the minimum detectable signal in any given application. We also discuss some practical limits for tunneling-based sensors.
Histoarchitectural Deterioration of Lymphoid Tissues in HIV-1 Infection and in Aging (2019)

Impaired immunity is a common symptom of aging and advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease. In both diseases, a decline in lymphocytic function and cellularity leads to ineffective adaptive immune responses to opportunistic infections and vaccinations. Furthermore, despite sustained myeloid cellularity there is a background of chronic immune activation and a decrease in innate immune function in aging. In HIV-1 disease, myeloid cellularity is often more skewed than in normal aging, but similar chronic activation and innate immune dysfunction typically arise. Similarities between aging and HIV-1 infection have led to several investigations into HIV-1-mediated aging of the immune system. In this article, we review various studies that report alterations of leukocyte number and function during aging, and compare those alterations with those observed during progressive HIV-1 disease. We pay particular attention to changes within lymphoid tissue microenvironments and how histoarchitectural changes seen in these two diseases affect immunity. As we review various immune compartments including peripheral blood as well as primary and secondary lymphoid organs, common themes arise that help explain the decline of immunity in the elderly and in HIV-1-infected individuals with advanced disease. In both conditions, lymphoid tissues often show signs of histoarchitectural deterioration through fat accumulation and/or fibrosis. These structural changes can be attributed to a loss of communication between leukocytes and the surrounding stromal cells that produce the extracellular matrix components and growth factors necessary for cell migration, cell proliferation, and lymphoid tissue function. Despite the common general impairment of immunity in aging and HIV-1 progression, deterioration of immunity is caused by distinct mechanisms at the cellular and tissue levels in these two diseases.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Proteasome Inhibitors Trigger NOXA-Mediated Apoptosis in Melanoma and Myeloma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure S2 from Proteasome Inhibitors Trigger NOXA-Mediated Apoptosis in Melanoma and Myeloma Cells
Limits on AnomalousWWγCouplings frompp¯→Wγ+XEvents at√s=1.8TeV (1997)

We have measured the $\mathrm{WW}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ gauge boson coupling parameters using $p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\gamma}+X$ ( $\ensuremath{\ell}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}e,\ensuremath{\mu}$) events at $\sqrt{s}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1.8$ TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $92.8{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, were collected using the D\O{} detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The measured cross section times branching ratio for $p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}W\ensuremath{\gamma}+X$ with ${p}_{T}^{\ensuremath{\gamma}}&gt;10$ GeV/c and ${R}_{\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\gamma}}&gt;0.7$ is ${11.3}_{\ensuremath{-}1.5}^{+1.7}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5$ pb, in agreement with the standard model prediction. The 1 degree of freedom 95% confidence level limits on individual CP-conserving parameters are $\ensuremath{-}0.93&lt;\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\kappa}&lt;0.94$ and $\ensuremath{-}0.31&lt;\ensuremath{\lambda}&lt;0.29$. Similar limits are set on the CP-violating coupling parameters.
A new readout circuit for a high resolution portable blood pressure sensing system (2017)

A new front end readout circuit for non-invasive, cuff-less, convenient blood pressure sensor is proposed in this study. The blood pressure sensor features continuous detection, low power and low cost. The sensor is able to detect pulse signals of the artery vibration under the skin of a human wrist. The front end circuit consists of a sensing circuit, an amplification, a peak-sensing circuit and a counter. The designed circuit is accomplished by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18 μ m 1P6M 1.8V mixed - signal CMOS process. The proposed chips with the die area of 1.35×1.13mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 1.37×1.37mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> are fabricated by National Applied Study Laboratories National Chip Implementation Center (NARL NCIC). The front-end readout IC is simulated and experimented. The pulsation amplitude in terms of output voltage of readout circuit is successful to a satisfactory accuracy of the BP sensor to be within 5 mmHg, lower than 8 mmHg, a standard by Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI).
Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Poly(norbornene)/Poly(acrylic acid) Graft Copolymers Synthesized via a Combination of Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis and Hydrolysis of Poly(norbornene)/Poly(acrylic acid) Graft Copolymers Synthesized via a Combination of Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization and Ring-Opening Metathesis PolymerizationRobert M. Kriegel, William S. Rees,, and Marcus WeckView Author Information School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400 Cite this: Macromolecules 2004, 37, 17, 6644–6649Publication Date (Web):July 22, 2004Publication History Received5 December 2003Revised31 May 2004Published online22 July 2004Published inissue 1 August 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0358475https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0358475brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1505Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Hydrolysis,Polymers,Radical polymerization,Viscosity Get e-Alerts
Inorganic Nanotubes (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Protein labeling for live cell fluorescence microscopy with a highly photostable renewable signal (2017)

We present protein-PAINT - the implementation of the general principles of PAINT (Point Accumulation for Imaging in Nanoscale Topography) for live-cell protein labeling. Our method employs the specific binding of cell-permeable fluorogenic dyes to genetically encoded protein tags. We engineered three mutants of the bacterial lipocalin Blc that possess different affinities to a fluorogenic dye and exhibit a strong increase in fluorescence intensity upon binding. This allows for rapid labeling and washout of intracellular targets on a time scale from seconds to a few minutes. We demonstrate an order of magnitude higher photostability of the fluorescence signal in comparison with spectrally similar fluorescent proteins. Protein-PAINT ensures prolonged super-resolution fluorescence microscopy of living cells in both single molecule detection and stimulated emission depletion regimes.
“2 to 23 GHz BiFET Low Noise Amplifier design flow and implementations in 0.25µm SiGe BiCMOS technology” (2008)

International audience
Microfabrication of a wall shear stress sensor using side-implanted piezoresistive tethers (2007)

This paper presents the microfabrication process of a MEMS piezoresistive shear stress sensor for direct, quantitative measurement of time-resolved, fluctuating wall shear stress. The sensor structure integrates shadow side-implanted diffused resistors into the sensor tethers for detecting in-plane deflection. Temperature compensation is achieved by integrating a fixed, dummy Wheatstone bridge adjacent to the active shear stress sensor. The device is fabricated from an SOI wafer using an 8-mask process. A phosphorus blanket implantation forms an n-well to ensure P/N junction isolation. Boron implantation forms a heavily doped Ohmic contact. The tethers and floating element are defined by patterning PECVD oxide via RIE and DRIE. The Si is etched vertically to 8 &mgr;m via DRIE to form the trench for the sidewall implant. The scallops formed on the sidewalls during DRIE are smoothed by hydrogen annealing. After a preamorphization implant, boron is implanted at an oblique angle of 54° to achieve a 5 &mgr;m shadow side-wall implantation. The structure is released from the backside using a combination of DRIE and RIE to etch the silicon, oxide, and nitride layers. Finally, the sensors are annealed in forming gas. Preliminary electrical testing indicates linear, junction-isolated resistors.
Design and Calibration of a Tilting Tunnel Respirometer to Study Non-horizontal Swimming in Fishes (2014)

A swimming tunnel respirometer was designed, contructed, and used to study non-horizontal energetics and locomotion of fishes. The tunnel was similar in design to that described by Blazka (1960) with several enhancements: (1) the respirometer was lengthened and had a 60 inch length with a 45 inch working section, and with 39 effective inches of swimming space; (2) the design included an innovative seal and shaft support system; (3) a redesigned and streamlined swim tube mounting system; (4) an easily read inclinometer for setting angles; (5) an rpm gauge on the motor shaft to simplify the setting of water flow rate; (6) an A-frame and tilting rack assembly to enable safe and stable support and operation; and (7) the incorporation of a winch system to facilitate automation of the mechanical process. This tunnel allows researchers to study swimming at prescribed speeds at angles from 0-60° on both incline and decline orientations.
Sheath-Flow Cuvette for High-Sensitivity Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection in Capillary Electrophoresis (2007)

The sheath-flow cuvette is a key component in a high-sensitivity post-column laser-induced fluorescence detector for capillary electrophoresis. Most designs are based on commercial cuvettes originally manufactured for use in a flow cytometer. In these devices, a quartz flow chamber is held in a stainless-steel fixture that is difficult to machine and subjects the cuvette to a torque when sealed, which frequently leads to damage of the flow chamber. In this report we present a design for a cuvette that may easily be constructed. This design uses compression to hold and seal the quartz flow chamber without applying torque. The system produces detection limits (3sigma) of 115 yoctomoles (70 copies) for FQ-labeled carbonic anhydrase.
Fc Receptors (2008)

Abstract Receptors for the Fc region of immunoglobulins link humoral responses to cellular activities within the immune system. Leucocyte Fc receptors exist as hetero‐oligomeric complexes with unique ligand‐binding α chains and promiscuous accessory subunits.
A Comparative Study of the T Cell Stimulatory and Polarizing Capacity of Human Primary Blood Dendritic Cell Subsets (2016)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are central players of immune responses; they become activated upon infection or inflammation and migrate to lymph nodes, where they can initiate an antigen-specific immune response by activating naive T cells. Two major types of naturally occurring DCs circulate in peripheral blood, namely, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Myeloid DCs (mDCs) can be subdivided based on the expression of either CD1c or CD141. These human DC subsets differ in surface marker expression, Toll-like receptor (TLR) repertoire, and transcriptional profile, suggesting functional differences between them. Here, we directly compared the capacity of human blood mDCs and pDCs to activate and polarize CD4(+) T cells. CD141(+) mDCs show an overall more mature phenotype over CD1c(+) mDC and pDCs; they produce less IL-10 and more IL-12 than CD1c(+) mDCs. Despite these differences, all subsets can induce the production of IFN-γ in naive CD4(+) T cells. CD1c(+) and CD141(+) mDCs especially induce a strong T helper 1 profile. Importantly, naive CD4(+) T cells are not polarized towards regulatory T cells by any subset. These findings further establish all three human blood DCs-despite their differences-as promising candidates for immunostimulatory effectors in cancer immunotherapy.