gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deformation behavior of electro-deposited pure Fe and its texture evolution during cold-rolling and subsequent annealing (2015)

Electro-deposited pure Fe has a characteristic of having very sharp isotropic ND//<111> fiber texture with a needle-like shaped fine grain elongated to ND. This Fe exhibits a surprisingly high r-value of over 7; however, such a high r-value might not be rationalized only from texture. Careful slip analyses reveal that restricted slips take place in the specific {110} slip planes, which are perpendicular to the sheet surface. Since grain boundaries with columnar structure are also perpendicular to the sheet surface, the slip plane in a certain grain may easily connect to the slip plane in adjacent grains having within ±30 degree rotation relationship around the common axis of ND//<111>. The operation of such a slip system is considered to cause the width strain much larger than the thickness strain. Furthermore, the texture evolution during cold-rolling and subsequent annealing was investigated using electro-deposited pure Fe as a starting material. Regardless of the amount of cold-rolling reduction, 65% to 90%, {111}<112> cold-rolling texture developed. After recrystallization, {111}<112> texture remained when material is cold-rolled by 65%, while {111}<011> texture developed when materials are cold-rolled by 80% and 90%. From the investigation into the mechanism on the development of recrystallization texture, the oriented nucleation and selective growth theories are concluded to contribute to the evolution of annealing texture.
New Developments in Capillary Electrophoresis. Development and Improvement of Capillary Electrophoresis. Formation of a reverse parabolic flow profile with electroosmosis in capillary zone electrophoresis and the behavior of zone progress related to the application of a pulsed electric field. (1997)

電気浸透流及び圧力差流の先端ゾーンプロフィルを顕微鏡下で観察した.長方形断面のキャピラリー管(50×1000μm)と円形断面の溶融石英キャピラリー管(直径75μm)を用い,色素としてローダミン6Gを使用しその蛍光を観察した.電気浸透流の管断面方向での速度分布は,管中央部が管壁近傍に比べて約0.4%遅いことが分かった.電気浸透流は逆放物線状フロープロフィルを形成していることがいずれのキヤピラリー管中においても確認できた.電気浸透流の立ち上がり時間と立ち下がり時間は本実験の時間分解能(1/15秒)以下であり非常に迅速に達成されることを発見した.
Chronic treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer cells with gefitinib leads to an epigenetic loss of epithelial properties associated with reductions in microRNA-155 and -200c (2017)

These results suggest that chronic treatment of NSCLC cells with gefitinib changes the expression of miRNAs, including dramatic reductions in miR-155 and miR-200c along with an EGFR mutation. Furthermore, this depletion of miR-155 and miR-200c may be associated with the EMT along with histone modifications, and may contribute to the decrease in the sensitivity to gefitinib independent of a secondary EGFR mutation.
Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) for Cloud Services (2015)

In order to support use cases when two or more end-points communicate
via one (or more) cloud service (e.g. virtualized cloud-based
conferencing) that are not trusted to access the media content, this
document describes the use of so called end-to-end (inner) and hop-
by-hop (outer) cryptographic transforms within the Secure Real-time
Transport Protocol (SRTP). One of the main aspects of the transforms
is to make the confidentiality and message authentication independent
of the RTP header. Another central aspect is to enable identification
of the cryptographic contexts (keys etc.). Besides the security of the
end-points, also trust assumptions regarding the cloud services are
addressed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 3‐Substituted Pyroglutamic Acids and Related Compounds. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pixaura: Supporting Tentative Decision Making when Selecting and Sharing Digital Photos (2008)

Current advances in digital technology promote capturing and storing more digital photos than ever. While photo collections are growing in size, the amount of time that can be devoted to viewing, managing, and sharing digital photos remains constant. Photo decision-making and selection has been identified as key to addressing this concern. After conducting exploratory research on photo decisionmaking including a wide-scale survey of user behaviors, detailed contextual inquiries, and longer-term diary studies, Pixaura was designed to address problems that emerged from our research. Specifically, Pixaura aims to bridge the gap between importing source photos and sharing them with others, by supporting tentative decision-making within the selection process. For this experience, the system incorporates certain core elements: 1) flexibility to experiment with relationships between photos and groups of photos, 2) the ability to closely couple photos while sharing only a subset of those photos, and 3) a tight connection between the photo selection and photo sharing space.
Enhanced Physical Layer Secure Key Generation using mm Wave Beamforming (2022)

Secret key generation based on wireless channel reciprocity is a promising area of research towards ensuring secure wireless communication. In this paper, we propose a method of generating secret keys using channel diversity obtained via millimeter wave (mmWave) beamforming at 60 GHz. The pro-posed method is simulated using the QuaDRiGa channel model considering an industrial nonline of sight (NLOS) environment. We verify the method by conducting experiments using a 60 GHz software-defined-radio (SDR) communication system with a linear phased-array-antenna of 16 dual patch elements. Further, we present a composite key generation method in which both the real and imaginary parts of the channel state information (CSI) are utilised, and several sub-keys obtained from individual beam directions are appended. As a result, we can generate long composite keys with high entropy and secrecy. The keys randomness are assessed employing the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite, showing the generated keys are highly random.
Remarkable Current Collapse Suppression in GaN HEMTs on Free-standing GaN Substrates (2019)

The current collapse phenomena, particularly the trap-induced threshold voltage shift, was drastically reduced in GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (GaN-HEMTs) fabricated on GaN free-standing substrates. High breakdown voltage of 376 V was achieved and off-state leakage current was also suppressed until a hard breakdown condition. These could be attributed to the improvement of crystal quality in the homo-epitaxial GaN layer, that is, reduction in the dislocation density and absence of nucleation layer. GaN-HEMTs on GaN substrates with a gate length of 0.5 μm exhibited good RF performance with a maximum power added efficiency of 71% with an associated output power of 6.6 W/mm at a 2.45 GHz load-pull measurement. It is evident that GaN-HEMTs on the GaN substrates are promising for driving up a performance of an RF amplifier.
Art and China's revolution (2009)

Book Review of Art and China's Revolution / Edited by Melissa Chiu and Zheng Shengtian.--ISBN 978-0-300-14064-4. Reviewed by Greg Borman.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic α‐Oxybenzoylation of Aldehydes. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Review Aspect Importance (2018)

Previous text mining studies identified key common aspects in online restaurant reviews. However, it is not clear how important these aspects are for consumers. In this exploratory study, we used Yelp restaurant reviews on an ethnic food item, ramen noodles, and assessed the importance of each aspect to both U.S. and Japanese consumers. The results show that food and atmosphere are far more important than the other common aspects in both the U.S. and Japan. However, we found noticeable differences between consumers in the two countries regarding how the food aspect plays a role on star ratings. Both implications and a future research agenda are discussed.
Completion-detection technique for dynamic logic (1997)

A completion-detection technique is introduced for bundled-data asynchronous systems implemented in single-rail dynamic CMOS logic. Its application to a carry-ripple adder is presented showing significant benefits in terms of performance and area overhead.
The technology behind Colgate Simply White Toothpaste. (2004)

Colgate Simply White Toothpaste is a new advanced tooth whitening dentifrice that can be used every day. The synergy of abrasive stain removal with activated hydrogen peroxide delivers excellent performance in the removal of extrinsic and intrinsic tooth stain. Colgate Simply White Toothpaste provides other oral health benefits that have become the cost-of-entry into the toothpaste market: caries protection, tartar control, fresh breath, and a preferred flavor.
Design and analysis of a permanent magnet axial coupling using 3D finite element field computations (1994)

3D finite element computations are presented to determine the magnetic field distribution, force and torque, of a permanent magnet axial coupling. The force and torque are computed using a one-step virtual work method. Results are in very good agreement with measured data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Over, Under, or Just Right? How do we interpret ICD utilization in the modern era? (2015)

Over 5 million individuals are afflicted with heart failure in the United States per year. Current guidelines based on the MADIT- I and II, MUSTT and SCDHeFT trials recommend the use of pharmacologic as well as implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy as Class I indications for the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in a subgroup of patients (depending on their ejection fraction, NYHA class, and a variety of other parameters). However, despite these guidelines, the use of ICDs has been reported as suboptimal in prior publications as well as in the article by Pillarisetti, et al in this issue of the Journal .
Development of iterative real-time scheduler to planner feedback (1997)

Planning for real-time applications involves decisions not only about what actions to take in what states to progress toward achieving goals (the traditional decision problem faced by AI planning systems), but also about how to realize those actions within hard real-time deadlines given the inherent limitations of an execution platform. Determining how to arrange actions in a sequence such that timely execution is guaranteed within constraints is a manifestation of the scheduling problem. All cases of the scheduling problem in any domain of nontrivial complexity are difficult to solve (NP-Hard). To more efficiently solve the real-time plan scheduling problem, we propose and analyze an iterative feedback/constraint relaxation method in which a scheduler and planner iteratively interact to efficiently develop a well-utilized schedule which includes as many planned actions as possible. This method has been successfully implemented within the Cooperative Intelligent Real-time Control Archi...
A chemical structure-based approach for estimating the added levels of flavourings to foods for the purpose of assessing consumer intake (2020)

Intake assessment and hazard profile of chemical substances are the two critical inputs in a safety assessment. Human intake assessment presents challenges that stem either from the absence of data or from numerous sources of variability and uncertainty, which have led regulators to adopt conservative approaches that inevitably overestimate intake. Refinements of intake assessments produce more realistic estimates and help prioritise areas of concern and better direct investment of resources. However, use levels (ULs), which represent the usual added amount of flavourings to food products, are the starting point for refined intake assessments, are data-intensive, and data availability is often a limitation. The work presented here was undertaken to investigate the use level patterns of substances used as flavourings in foods and to develop a systematic tool for data extrapolation based on chemical structure. The available dataset consists of use levels reported through eight industry surveys and hence are representative of industry uses rather than regulatory limits, which are higher by design and not realistic. A systematic statistical analysis was undertaken to determine whether the industry-reported UL data can be used to estimate use levels of flavouring substances belonging to the same chemical group for which such data are not available. Predictive modelling approaches were explored to evaluate relationships in the data and utilised additional variables relevant to technological considerations, such as volatility losses upon heat treatment, and Tanimoto index-based pair-wise structural similarity scores to determine whether more granular similarity information can reduce the within-group variability. The analyses indicated that the use levels of flavouring substances can reasonably be estimated based on the available data using chemical group classifications stratified by food category. Source of uncertainty and limitations are discussed.
Mox sensors for transdermal alcohol measurement: clinical trials and SnO2 sensors studies (2017)

International audience
The XCAT Science Portal (2002)

This paper describes the design and prototype implementation of the XCAT Grid Science Portal. The portal lets grid application programmers script complex distributed computations and package these applications with simple interfaces for others to use. Each application is packaged as a notebook which consists of web pages and editable parameterized scripts. The portal is a workstation‐based specialized personal web server, capable of executing the application scripts and launching remote grid applications for the user. The portal server can receive event streams published by the application and grid resource information published by Network Weather Service (NWS) [35] or Autopilot [16] sensors. Notebooks can be published and stored in web based archives for others to retrieve and modify. The XCAT Grid Science Portal has been tested with various applications, including the distributed simulation of chemical processes in semiconductor manufacturing and collaboratory support for X‐ray crystallographers.
Preparation of biohybrid amphiphiles via the copper catalysed Huisgen [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition reaction (2005)

Biohybrid amphiphiles have been prepared from terminal azide functionalised polystyrene and an alkyne functionalised peptide or protein via a Cu(I) catalysed Huisgen [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
[18F]-SuPAR: A Radiofluorinated Probe for Noninvasive Imaging of DNA Damage-Dependent Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activity (2019)

Poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes generate poly(ADP ribose) post-translational modifications on target proteins for an array of functions centering on DNA and cell stress. PARP isoforms 1 and 2 are critically charged with the surveillance of DNA integrity and are the first line guardians of the genome against DNA breaks. Here we present a novel probe ([<sup>18</sup>F]-SuPAR) for noninvasive imaging of PARP-1/2 activity using positron emission tomography (PET). [<sup>18</sup>F]-SuPAR is a radiofluorinated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) analog that can be recognized by PARP-1/2 and incorporated into the long branched polymers of poly(ADP ribose) (PAR). The measurement of PARP-1/2 activity was supported by a reduction of radiotracer uptake in vivo following PARP-1/2 inhibition with talazoparib treatment, a potent PARP inhibitor recently approved by FDA for treatment of breast cancer, as well as ex vivo colocalization of radiotracer analog and poly(ADP ribose). With [<sup>18</sup>F]-SuPAR, we were able to map the dose- and time-dependent activation of PARP-1/2 following radiation therapy in breast and cervical cancer xenograft mouse models. Tumor response to therapy was determined by [<sup>18</sup>F]-SuPAR PET within 8 h of administration of a single dose of radiation equivalent to one round of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy.
Improving block-based compensated wavelet lifting by reconstructing unconnected pixels (2013)

This paper presents a new approach for improving the visual quality of the lowpass band of a compensated wavelet transform. A high quality of the lowpass band is very important as it can then be used as a downscaled version of the original signal. To adapt the transform to the signal, compensation methods can be implemented directly into the transform. We propose an improved inversion of the block-based motion compensation by processing unconnected pixels by a reconstruction method. We obtain a better subjective visual quality while furthermore saving up to 2.6% of bits for lossless coding.
The structure and optoelectronic properties of a new class of semiconductor materials: crystalline organic multiple quantum well structures grown by organic molecular beam deposition (2002)

Summary form only given. We discuss recent advances in demonstrating a new type of ordered growth-quasi-epitaxy-of organic molecular films using the UHV process of organic molecular beam deposition. The understanding of film structure, and the rationale for growth in these useful structures for optoelectronics will be discussed.
Temperature Dependent Mismatch and Variability in a Cryo-CMOS Array with 30k Transistors (2022)

Integrating CMOS circuits and qubits at cryogenic temperatures is one of the key challenges to mitigate wiring constraints and ensure signal integrity to enable up-scaling of quantum computers. While operating in the GHz-regime, interfaces between classical and quantum circuits need to maintain ultra-low power consumption together with very low noise figures. One approach to reduce power consumption is to optimize designs towards operation at lower supply voltages. However, this reduces the tolerable margins on variability and device to device variations. In this study, we present the time-zero variability and mismatch of thousands of nMOS transistors measured from room temperature down to 4 K. We investigate the physical origins of subthreshold variations at cryogenic temperatures and discuss the correlations between transistor parameters. We estimate the influence of different sources on the on-current variability and observe that another source of mismatch, most likely contact resistance, is becoming more important at low temperatures.
Inorganic Acid Emission Factors of Semiconductor Manufacturing Processes (2004)

A huge amount of inorganic acids can be produced and emitted with waste gases from integrated circuit manufacturing processes such as cleaning and etching. Emission of inorganic acids from selected semiconductor factories was measured in this study. The sampling of the inorganic acids was based on the porous metal denuders, and samples were then analyzed by ion chromatography. The amount of chemical usage was adopted from the data that were reported to the Environmental Protection Bureau in Hsin-chu County according to the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency regulation. The emission factor is defined as the emission rate (kg/month) divided by the amount of chemical usage (L/month). Emission factors of three inorganic acids (i.e., hydrofluoric acid [HF], hydrochloric acid [HCl], and sulfuric acid [H2SO4]) were estimated by the same method. The emission factors of HF and HCl were determined to be 0.0075 kg/L (coefficient of variation [CV] = 60.7%, n = 80) and 0.0096 kg/L (CV = 68.2%, n = 91), respectively. Linear regression equations are proposed to fit the data with correlation coefficient square (R2) = 0.82 and 0.9, respectively. The emission factor of H2SO4, which is in the droplet form, was determined to be 0.0016 kg/L (CV = 99.2%, n = 107), and its R2 was 0.84. The emission profiles of gaseous inorganic acids show that HF is the dominant chemical in most of the fabricators.
Constitutive Somatostatin Receptor Activity Determines Tonic Pituitary Cell Response (2009)

Somatostatin (SRIF) binds G protein-coupled SRIF receptor subtypes (SST1, -2, -3, -4, and -5) to regulate cell secretion and proliferation. Hypothalamic SRIF inhibits pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and ACTH secretion. We tested SRIF-independent constitutive SST activity in AtT20 mouse pituitary corticotroph cells in which ACTH secretion is highly sensitive to SRIF action. Stable transfectants expressing SST2 or SST5 were sensitized to selective agonist action, and constitutive SST receptor activity was demonstrated by forskolin and pertussis toxin cAMP cell responses. Persistent constitutive SST activity decreased cell ACTH responses to CRH through decreased expression of CRH receptor subtype 1. Decreased dopamine receptor type 1 expression was associated with attenuated dopamine agonist action, whereas responses to isoproterenol were enhanced through increased beta2-adrenoreceptor expression. Thus, integrated pituitary cell ACTH regulation is determined both by phasic SRIF action, as well as by tonic constitutive SST activity, independently of SRIF.
Benzo[a]pyrene induces fibrotic changes and impairs differentiation in lung stem cells (2021)

Human activities have generated air pollution, with extremely small particles (PM 2.5, particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter) and liquid droplets, which become a menace to human health. Among the pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which enhance the risks of pulmonary dysfunction and cancer development, have been extensively studied. Numerous studies have addressed the effects of PAHs on the respiratory system, whereas the effects on lung stem/progenitor cells remain unknown. Here, we provide evidence that benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a major toxic PAH, induces fibrotic changes with a loss of α-1,6-fucosylation in CD54<sup>+</sup>CD157<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>-</sup> cells (lung stem cells). In studies with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) antagonist, we found that these effects by BaP are independent of the canonical AHR pathway. In addition, these BaP-induced fibrotic changes are reduced by TGF-β antagonist, suggesting an alternative pathway of BaP toxicity is different from other PAH/AHR signaling pathways. Finally, it was observed that BaP impairs the spheroid formation and the podoplanin expression of CD54<sup>+</sup>CD157<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>-</sup> cells, indicating that BaP suppresses the differentiation of lung stem cells. Taken together, our findings reveal specific BaP-induced injuries in CD54<sup>+</sup>CD157<sup>+</sup>CD45<sup>-</sup> cells.