gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transverse Bragg Gratings and Lasers Fabricated by Electron Beam Lithography and Reactive Ion Etching (2006)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2005
Discovering emergent norms in security logs (2013)

A model is presented that characterizes security logs as a collection of norms that reflect patterns of emergent behavior. An analysis technique for detecting behavioral norms based on these logs is described and evaluated. The application of behavioral norms is considered, including its use in system security evaluation and anomaly detection.
The Combined Influence of Hemorrhage and Tourniquet Application on the Recovery of Muscle Function in Rats (2008)

The functional loss resulting from tourniquet application is exacerbated by the superimposition of hemorrhage in the predominantly fast-twitch plantaris but not the predominantly slow-twitch soleus. This was likely a result of metabolic derangement resulting from the combination of hemorrhage and tourniquet application. The development of interventions designed to attenuate the loss of muscle mass and function following complex trauma is necessary for optimal patient recovery.
Multiple Interleaved Mode Saturation (MIMOSA) for B1+ inhomogeneity mitigation in chemical exchange saturation transfer (2018)

Due to high sensitivity to B1+-inhomogeneities, Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI requires a correction or mitigation of the B1+-inhomogeneity at ultra-high magnetic field strengths (B0 ≥ 7 Tesla). A novel approach for mitigation of B1+-inhomogeneity effects that affects the saturation process is presented. The method employs two interleaved excitation modes during the saturation pulse train. Simulations show a decrease of the relative difference of the MTRRex metric caused by B1+ inhomogeneity. This “Multiple Interleaved Mode Saturation” scheme leads to improved homogeneity in both, phantom and in vivo measurements at 7 Tesla.
Investigation of betaine as a novel psychotherapeutic for schizophrenia (2019)

The present study revealed the role of betaine in psychiatric pathophysiology and underscores the potential benefit of betaine in a subset of schizophrenia. FUND: This study was supported by the Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences from AMED (Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development) under Grant Numbers JP18dm0107083 and JP19dm0107083 (TY), JP18dm0107129 (MM), JP18dm0107086 (YK), JP18dm0107107 (HY), JP18dm0107104 (AK) and JP19dm0107119 (KH), by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas from the MEXT under Grant Numbers JP18H05435 (TY), JP18H05433 (AH.-T), JP18H05428 (AH.-T and TY), and JP16H06277 (HY), and by JSPS KAKENHI under Grant Number JP17H01574 (TY). In addition, this study was supported by the Collaborative Research Project of Brain Research Institute, Niigata University under Grant Numbers 2018-2809 (YK) and RIKEN Epigenetics Presidential Fund (100214-201801063606-340120) (TY).
Neurotransistor:≫MINUSa neuron-like high-functionality transistor implementing intelligence on silicon (2002)

The main theme of this paper is not a so-called neural network but a new-architecture intelligent electronic circuit implemented using the neuron-like high-functionality transistor as a basic circuit element. The transistor is a multiple-input-gate thresholding device and is called neuron MOSFET (neuMOS or v MOS for short) due to its functional similarity to a brain cell neuron. The vMOS circuits are characterized by a high degree of parallelism in hardware computation, a large flexibility in hardware configuration and a dramatic reduction in the circuit complexity as compared to conventional integrated circuits. As a result, a number of new concept circuits have been developed. As examples, a real-time reconfigurable logic circuit called flexware and an associative memory conducting fully-parallel search for the most similar are presented. The enhancement in the functionality at a very elemental transistor level is critically important in building human-like intelligent systems on silicon.
Fast and Efficient Stored Matrix Techniques for Optical Tomography (2006)

A barrier to the use of optical tomography in practical applications is the high computational cost of iterative image reconstruction. This paper introduces a novel method for direct reconstruction of the image from a pre-computed and stored inverse matrix. Since the inverse matrix for optical tomography is generally quite large and not sparse, it is necessary to store the inverse matrix using lossy source coding techniques. A key innovation is the method used for matrix representation and the technique used for computing the required matrix-vector product. This representation is based on transforms of the image and sensor spaces which are designed to minimize reconstructed image distortion. Simulations indicate that the technique can dramatically reduce the storage and computation requirements by exploiting redundancy in the transformed matrix.
Asymmetric Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by Poly(amino Acids) (2003)

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Freight simulation: the modal-shift transportation planning problem and its fast steepest descent algorithm (2003)

The Modal-Shift Transportation Planning Problem (MSTPP) is the problem that finds a feasible schedule for carriers with the minimum total cost when sets of facilities, delivery orders, and carriers are given. In this paper, we propose a fast steepest descent algorithm to solve the MSTPP. Our solution generates a set of candidate routes for each delivery order as a preprocess. Then, it finds a schedule by iteratively updating selections of the candidate routes in descent directions, while computing a configuration of carrier movements at each iteration by a greedy algorithm. Intensive numerical study using artificial data modeled from the manufacturing industry in Japan is also presented.
Selective area deposition of boron on Si(111) induced by synchrotron radiation (1991)

We have performed the first deposition of boron on Si(111) induced by broadband synchrotron radiation (SR). Contamination-free thin films were grown at room temperature using decaborane (B10H14) as the source gas. After deposition the films were examined using photoelectron microscopy, which showed that film growth was limited to the region illuminated by SR. The temperature of the substrate rose less than 10 K. These results indicate that gas-phase excitations are not important and that the films are deposited by a nonthermal, photoinduced mechanism. Masked exposures demonstrate the potential of this technique for patterned deposition.
Silica Gel-Supported Cinchona Alkaloid-OsO4 Complex for Catalytic Heterogeneous Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Olefins by H2O2 using a Titanium Silicalite-Based Coupled Catalytic System (2002)

A triple catalytic system designed for asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins, composed of NMM and two divergent heterogeneous catalysts, titanium silicalite and silica gel-supported 1,4-bis(9-O-dihydroquinidinyl)phthalazine [SGS-(DHQD)2PHAL)]-OsO4 complex relays the transport of two electrons from olefin to H2O2 used as a terminal oxidant to provide chiral diols with good yields and high enantiomeric excesses in a single pot.
Model of steady rolling contact between layered rolls with thin media in the nip (1998)

A finite element model of large deformation, plane strain rolling contact between rubber‐coated rolls with thin media in the nip is developed. The rubber layers on each roll are modeled as incompressible, hyperelastic materials using a Neo‐Hookean model. Steady rolling contact is analyzed using a standard Lagrangian finite element code with a modified friction algorithm which converts the code from a Lagrangian framework to an Eulerian framework. The case of a rigid roll against a layered roll is presented. It is shown how this analysis can be easily extended to the case of two layered rolls with thin media in the nip if the thin media has a much higher elastic modulus than the layers. Simple static indentation models are shown to provide useful information regarding the steady rolling case. Numerical results illustrate the effect of indentation, nominal speed ratio and paper velocity on the velocity and traction distributions in the nip.
Nanoparticles for the Optical Imaging of Tumor selectin (2005)

We designed a fluorescent peptide-magnetic nanoparticle conjugate that images E-selectin expression in mouse xenograft models of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) by fluorescence reflectance imaging. It was synthesized by attaching the E-selectin-binding peptide (ESBP; CDSDSDITWDQLWDLMK) to a CLIO(Cy5.5) nanoparticle to yield ESBP-CLIO(Cy5.5). Internalization by activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was rapid and mediated by E-selectin, indicated by the lack of uptake of nanoparticles bearing similar numbers of a scrambled peptide (Scram). To demonstrate the specificity of E-selectin targeting to ESBP-CLIO(Cy5.5) in vivo, we coinjected ESBP-CLIO(Cy5.5) and Scram-CLIO(Cy3.5) and demonstrated a high Cy5.5/Cy3.5 fluorescence ratio using the LLC. Histology showed that ESBP-CLIO was associated with tumor cells as well as endothelial cells, but fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis showed a far less expression of E-selectin on LLC than on HUVECs. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated E-selectin expression in both endothelial cells and cancer cells in human prostate cancer specimens. We conclude that ESBP-CLIO(Cy5.5) is a useful probe for imaging E-selectin associated with the LLC tumor, and that E-selectin is expressed not only on endothelial cells but also on LLC cells and human prostate cancer specimens.
Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodiagnoses in Surgical Oncology: A Historical Review of Clinical Trials (2019)

Fluorescence imaging is an emerging clinical technique for real-time intraoperative visualization of tumors and their boundaries. Though multiple fluorescent contrast agents are available in the basic sciences, few fluorescence agents are available for clinical use. Of the clinical fluorophores, delta aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) is unique for generating visible wavelength tumor-specific fluorescence. In 2017, 5ALA was FDA-approved for glioma surgery in the United States. Additionally, clinical studies suggest this agent may have utility in surgical subspecialties outside of neurosurgery. Data from dermatology, OB/GYN, urology, cardiothoracic surgery, and gastrointestinal surgery show 5ALA is helpful for intraoperative visualization of malignant tissues in multiple organ systems. This review summarizes data from English-language 5ALA clinical trials across surgical subspecialties. Imaging systems, routes of administration, dosing, efficacy, and related side effects are reviewed. We found that modified surgical microscopes and endoscopes are the preferred imaging devices. Systemic dosing across surgical specialties range between 5 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight. Multiple studies discussed potential for skin irritation with sun exposure, however this side effect is infrequently reported. Overall, 5ALA has shown high sensitivity for labeling malignant tissues and providing a means to visualize malignant tissue not apparent with standard operative light sources.
Synthesis and biologic activity of conformationally constrained analogs of L‐363,301 (2005)

We report the synthesis, biological activity and conformational analysis of analogs of the cyclic hexapeptide L-363,301, c[Pro6-Phe7-D-Trp8-Lys9-Thr10-Phe11] (numbering as in the native hormone somatostatin-14). The d-Trp in position 8 was replaced with (2R,3S)- and (2R,3R)-beta-MeTrp respectively, with an added methyl group in the beta position of Trp. The objective of our study was to determine the potency and selectivity generated by the added constraint in the beta position of the d-Trp upon binding to human somatostatin receptors hsst1-5. We synthesized the building blocks enantioselectively and incorporated them into the peptides by SPPS. Competition binding assays revealed that both compounds 2 and 3 were selective for hsst2 over hsst5. The (2R,3S) analog 2 was approximately 30 times more potent at hsst2 than the (2R,3R) analog 3. Interestingly, the (2R,3R) compound showed no binding affinity at hsst5.
Geometry Dependence of Leaky-Mode, Waveguide-Coupled, Polysilicon Photodetectors (2006)

Characterization of leaky-mode coupled polysilicon MSM photodetectors fabricated in 0.35 mum commercial CMOS with varying contact spacing and length reveals short and narrow devices have responsivity sufficient for optical interconnect applications
A cryogenic class-E RF power amplifier (1992)

The high‐temperature superconductor research community and industry needs low‐cost applications for their devices in order to prosper. Low frequency (60 Hz) and RF power conversion could become one promising field for the use of HTS devices on a large scale. A 1–1.5 kilowatt Class‐E power amplifier has been designed and tested at 6.8 MHz using 1000 V MOSFETs. The circuit can be operated at room temperature as well as cryogenically cooled down to 77 K. The amplifier efficiency was measured over this temperature range. It increases at low temperatures up to the range of about 99%. This efficiency can be improved even more by using HTS resonance inductors which are under development.
The Effect of Ginger (Zingiber officinalis) and Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) Extract Supplementation on Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomised, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (2015)

Objective. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a frequent clinical finding in western world. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of a ginger and artichoke supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of FD. Methods. A prospective multicentre, double blind, randomized, placebo controlled, parallel-group comparison of the supplement and placebo over a period of 4 weeks was performed. Two capsules/day were supplied (before lunch and dinner) to 126 FD patients (supplementation/placebo: 65/61). Results. After 14 days of treatment, only supplementation group (SG) showed a significant amelioration (SG: α S = +1.195 MCA score units (u), P = 0.017; placebo: α P = +0.347 u, P = 0.513). The intercept (α) resulted to be significantly higher in SG than in placebo (α S - α P = +0.848 u, P < 0.001). At the end of the study, the advantage of SG versus placebo persists without variation (β S - β P = +0.077 u, P = 0.542). In SG, a significant advantage is observed for nausea (β S - β P = -0.398 u, P < 0.001), epigastric fullness (β S - β P = -0.241, P < 0.001), epigastric pain (β S - β P = -0.173 u, P = 0.002), and bloating (β S - β P = -0.167 u, P = 0.017). Conclusions. The association between ginger and artichoke leaf extracts appears safe and efficacious in the treatment of FD and could represent a promising treatment for this disease.
Multi-channel extended Kalman filter for tracking BOC modulated signals in the presence of multipath (2005)

Multipath is one of the main error sources when tracking&#13;\nsignals in the GNSS systems. The presence of reflected&#13;\nsignals gives place to a bias when estimating the propagation delay of the direct signal. There are several ways for mitigating this multipath problem. Several solutions have already been discussed for different techniques such as Narrow Correlator, Double delta or Early1/Early2 where the key factor concerns the discriminator curve shape to be used in a conventional DLL(delay lock loop).
Characteristics and trends in a National Study of Consumer Outage \nCosts (2003)

Ensuring reliability has and will continue to be a priority for electricity industry restructuring. Assessing the balance between public and private actions to ensure reliability should be guided in part by an understanding of the value of reliability to the nations' residential, commercial and industrial customers. Yet, there is no comprehensive body of information on this topic. This paper begins to address this information gap by analyzing studies conducted by electric utilities over the past 15 years to assess the value of electric service to their customers. Outage cost measurements prepared by 7 electric utilities through 20 studies are assembled and standardized into a national database of customer interruption costs. The database is used to describe trends in interruption costs, and regional (geographic) differences, differences in interruption costs by customer type. It can also be used to estimate customer damage functions. Results from the study are intended to contribute to an improved understanding of the importance of electricity reliability to the nation.
Strain effects on the wear rate of severely deformed copper (2021)

A variety of severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques have been developed to process materials to high strains and impart microstructural refinement. High pressure torsion (HPT) is one technique that imparts inhomogeneous strain to process discs with low strain in the center and high strain at the outer edge. In the literature, this inhomogeneity is typically ignored when characterizing wear properties after HPT. In this work, the wear rate of pure copper discs processed by HPT was characterized by conducting dry sliding reciprocating wear tests at a few judicious locations on the discs. From only two discs, the wear resistance across many ranges of strains was captured. These measurements agreed with the literature for other SPD processes at varying strains. Wear rates dropped and plateaued at about 25% that of the unprocessed state when processing past equivalent strains of around 15, after which microstructural and microhardness saturation has also been observed. Some indication of a relationship between the direction of the imposed SPD shearing and the sliding wear direction was also observed. The incremental microstructure, microhardness, and wear resistance evolution past equivalent strains of ~15 indicate that for high purity copper these properties receive no clear benefit from higher SPD strains.
Fast Forward Index Methods for Pseudo-Relevance Feedback Retrieval (2015)

The inverted index is the dominant indexing method in information retrieval systems. It enables fast return of the list of all documents containing a given query term. However, for retrieval schemes involving query expansion, as in pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF), the retrieval time based on an inverted index increases linearly with the number of expansion terms. In this regard, we have examined the use of a forward index , which consists of the mapping of each document to its constituent terms. We propose a novel forward index-based reranking scheme to shorten the PRF retrieval time. In our method, a first retrieval of the original query is performed using an inverted index, and then a forward index is employed for the PRF part. We have studied several new forward indexes, including using a novel spstring data structure and the weighted variable bit-block compression (wvbc) signature. With modern hardware such as solid-state drives (SSDs) and sufficiently large main memory, forward index methods are particularly promising. We find that with the whole index stored in main memory, PRF retrieval using a spstring or wvbc forward index excels in time efficiency over an inverted index, being able to obtain the same levels of performance measures at shorter times.
High fidelity hypothermic preservation of primary tissues in organ transplant preservative for single cell transcriptome analysis (2018)

Hypothermic storage of intact primary tissues in organ transplant preservative maintains the quality and stability of the transcriptome of cells for single cell RNAseq analysis. The strategy is readily generalizable to primary specimens from other tissue types for single cell RNAseq analysis.
Hybrid Damping of Sound Radiated by Plates (2000)

Abstract The scope of this work was to design and build a new concept of hybrid active and passive damping system, capable of attenuating sound radiated through structural vibration both in the high and low frequencies by combining the broadband control capabilities of constrained-layer viscoelastics with the narrowband capabilities of active control with piezoceramic actuators and sensors. The effort was concentrated on modeling the response of a passive damper as well as a piezoelectric actuator in order to optimize the characteristics of both the active and passive damping materials, on implementing a test system and on designing a closed-loop control system to show the advantages of the hybrid approach over purely active or passive approaches. An extensive research into the available viscoelastic materials was done to find materials with near optimal characteristics. A few of these materials were procured and tested on a simple structure to validate the model and test their performance. It was demonstrated on a real system that this approach is feasible and has advantages over both the purely active and the purely passive approach. As a test structure, an aluminum panel similar to exterior panels in airplanes was chosen, and a hybrid control system implemented on this structure. An anechoic transmission loss facility, with the panel bolted into a wall and the plate excited by a speaker on one side, was used to determine the reduction in radiated sound achieved by the hybrid damping system. The compensator for the active part of the damping system was designed as a simple combination of positive position feedback (PPF) filters, and implemented on a digital single-board computer (SBC). The resulting sound radiation from the panel showed clearly the validity of the concept of hybrid damping, by achieving good reduction in sound both the low and high frequencies within the chosen band of interest, 0-800Hz, and with very little weight added. The total added mass to the aluminum panel was only about 50g, which is very small compared to the amount of mass a passive system with similar performance would weigh for the same structure.
A new PLL architecture: the composite PLL (2005)

This paper presents a new PLL architecture that provides a larger frequency band of phase noise filtering in order to relax VCO building constraints. It consists in a classical PLL with a parallel band pass loop. This topology is called composite PLL. This paper presents some behavioral simulation of such PLL
Abstract 5279: MCPIP1 is an Inducible Corepressor of NF-KappaB (2008)

The transcription factor NF-κB is a central regulator of host immune and inflammatory response. However, excessive and prolonged activation of NF-κB can cause massive damage to host tissues and can result in human inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis and arthritis. Thus, NF-κB activation must be terminated at the appropriate time points. MCPIP1 is a recent identified CCCH-type zinc finger containing protein, which is significantly induced by MCP-1 treatment of human monocytes and thus designated as MCP-induced protein1 (MCPIP1). Here we report that MCPIP1 function as an inducible corepressor of NF-κB to feedback control NF-κB activation. In the transfection experiments, MCPIP1 dose-dependently inhibits inflammatory stimuli-induced NF-κB reporter activity. Overexpression of MCPIP1 does not affect TNFα-initiated IKK activation, NF-κB translocation and DNA binding. Further study reveals that MCPIP1 can directly bind to p65 of NF-κB and recruit NCoR and HDAC1 to form repressing complex, which blocks NF-κB target gene expression. Interestingly, the same stimuli that induce NF-κB activation also can induce MCPIP1 expression and translocation into nucleus. Taken together, our results suggest that MCPIP1 is a novel inducible corepressor of NF-κB and may be a critical player in host immune and inflammatory response. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Greater Southeast Affiliate (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Puerto Rico &amp; Tennessee).