gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical fiber device for simultaneous manometry, pH-metry and bilimetry in esophagus (OPTIMO) (Conference Presentation) (2020)

The target of the present research is the design, implementation and characterization of a portable device based on an all-optical technology capable to perform simultaneously esophageal manometry, pH-metry and bilimetry by means of a single or combined catheter (OPTIMO project). It will provide physicians a compact and reliable tool to perform exhaustive diagnosis in gastroesophageal reflux pathologies. It would be definitely an innovative product in the gastroesophageal diagnostic scenario with high potential for worldwide market penetration and application developments. In particular, pressure measurement along the esophagus is performed with an array of optical fiber gratings, which ensures the monitoring along a length of about 30 cm with high spatial resolution. The sensors for the measurement of pH and bile are based on the change in absorption caused by the parameter under investigation. In the case of pH, an acid-base indicator that changes its absorption as a function of pH is immobilized on controlled pore glasses suitable coupled to plastic optical fibers. As for bile detection, the measurement is based on the direct absorption of bilirubin, the main biliary pigment, and a bundle of plastic optical fibers carries the signal. With a planned clinical assessment of the realized device, the achievement of this main objective implies the accomplishment of the following sub-tasks: i) development of optical fiber sensor for the measurement of pH; ii) development of the optical fiber sensor for bile detection; iii) development of the optical fiber manometer; iv) integration of the optical fiber sensors within a single catheter; v) realization of the portable interrogation unit for all the three parameters; vi) clinical assessment of the final device on both volunteers and patients.
Etude de la simulation des réactions de polycondensation par la méthode de Monte‐Carlo (1985)

Abstract Simulation of polycondensation reactions using a Monte‐Carlo type method is discussed in detail. The process applies to reactions carried out in homogeneous isotropic phase and it is valid regardless of the number of constituents involved, and whatever the reactivity of the individual functions may be. However, it does not include cyclization, and cannot take into account the variation of the reactivity of a given function with conversion. The conditions that should be satisfied are discussed thoroughly; in particular, duplication procedures are introduced at various stages of the reaction to prevent the system from becoming too small at high conversion. The method was tested on two rather simple cases: the self condensation of AB‐type monomer molecules, and chain extension involving AA‐type macromolecules and BB‐type micromolecular coupling agents. The agreement between the simulation and the data of the classical polycondensation theory is very satisfactory.
Control of Amino Acid Homeostasis by a Ubiquitin Ligase-Coactivator Protein Complex (2017)

Intercellular amino acid transport is essential for the growth of all multicellular organisms, and its dysregulation is implicated in developmental disorders. By an unknown mechanism, amino acid efflux is stimulated in plants by overexpression of a membrane-localized protein (<u>G</u>LUTAMINE <u>DU</u>MPER 1 (GDU1)) that requires a ubiquitin ligase (<i>LOSS OF GDU 2</i> (<i>LOG2</i>). Here we further explore the physiological consequences of the interaction between these two proteins. LOG2 ubiquitin ligase activity is necessary for GDU1-dependent tolerance to exogenous amino acids, and LOG2 self-ubiquitination was markedly stimulated by the GDU1 cytosolic domain, suggesting that GDU1 functions as an adaptor or coactivator of amino acid exporter(s). However, other consequences more typical of a ligase-substrate relationship are observed: disruption of the <i>LOG2</i> gene increased the <i>in vivo</i> half-life of GDU1, mass spectrometry confirmed that LOG2 ubiquitinates GDU1 at cytosolic lysines, and GDU1 protein levels decreased upon co-expression with active, but not enzymatically inactive LOG2. Altogether these data indicate LOG2 negatively regulates GDU1 protein accumulation by a mechanism dependent upon cytosolic GDU1 lysines. Although GDU1-lysine substituted protein exhibited diminished <i>in vivo</i> ubiquitination, overexpression of GDU1 lysine mutants still conferred amino acid tolerance in a LOG2-dependent manner, consistent with GDU1 being both a substrate and facilitator of LOG2 function. From these data, we offer a model in which GDU1 activates LOG2 to stimulate amino acid export, a process that could be negatively regulated by GDU1 ubiquitination and LOG2 self-ubiquitination.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer between Metal-Coordinated Cyclodextrin Assemblies and Viologens (2002)

Two novel tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes bearing two and six beta-cyclodextrin binding sites on their ligands have been synthesised and characterised. Complex 1, bearing two cyclodextrins, adopts a conformation in aqueous solution where parts of the aromatic ligands are self-included into the cyclodextrin moieties. This results in a loss of symmetry of the complex and gives rise to a much more complicated 1H NMR spectrum than expected. Photophysical studies indicate that the appended cyclodextrins protect the luminescent ruthenium core from quenching by oxygen, which results in longer excited state lifetimes and higher emission quantum yields compared with the reference compound, the unsubstituted ruthenium tris(bipyridine). Inclusion of suitable guests such as dialkyl-viologens leads to a quenching of the luminescence of the central unit. In these supramolecular donor-acceptor dyads an efficient photoinduced electron transfer from the excited ruthenium moiety (the donor) to the viologen unit (the acceptor) is observed. The alkyl chain length of the acceptor plays an important role on the binding properties; when it exceeds a certain limit the binding becomes strong enough for electron transfer to occur. Interestingly, a viologen with only one long alkyl tail instead of two shows no efficient quenching; this indicates that cooperative interactions between two cyclodextrins binding one viologen are essential to raise the binding constant of the supramolecular dyad.
A single-bond approach to orientation-dependent interactions and its implications for liquid water (1999)

A simple model of an associating fluid is proposed that accounts for the fact that hydrogen bonds are highly directional and favor the formation of locally open structures. The resulting analytical equation of state reproduces the distinguishing thermodynamic features of liquid water. In contrast to previous models in which the relationship between bonding and bulk density is assumed a priori, the extent of hydrogen bonding is derived in the present work from a simple microscopic model. Furthermore, by altering the parameters which control the geometric constraints on bonding, the model is able to exhibit the two thermodynamically consistent scenarios that can explain the observed behavior of supercooled liquid water, namely the two-critical-point and singularity-free scenarios. This suggests that the two scenarios are closely related through subtle features of the hydrogen-bond geometry.
(Invited) Development of Durable and Low Cost Membrane Humidifiers for Fuel Cell Systems (2020)

In order to operate effectively, currently commercialized fuel cell proton exchange membranes require sufficient hydration to ensure good proton transport. Hydration also ensures that membrane in the fuel cell stack will have a longer operational lifetime. In order to ensure adequate hydration in the stack, most liquid-cooled PEM fuel cell systems use external humidification. Without external humidification, the fuel cell must be operated at a lower operating temperature to ensure that the stack will not dry out. Operating the stack at lower temperature requires that the coolant loop in the system must reject a greater amount of heat, necessitating a large radiator, which increase system volume. Furthermore, operating at lower fuel cell stack temperatures leads to a significant trade-off in terms of stack power output and acceptable environmental operating ranges. Membrane humidifiers are an efficient form of external humidification that transport humidity through a membrane from the cathode exhaust to the incoming cathode supply air stream. In these humidifiers, membranes with a dense selective layer are used to transport water vapour without allowing oxygen and nitrogen to diffuse through the membrane. Since the membrane humidifier is coupled to the stack cathode exhaust and supply, in order to maintain its function, the membrane humidifier must not leak air or else reactant oxygen will bypass the stack through the humidifier. The humidifier must maintain a high level of water vapour transport and low air leakage over the lifetime of the device. In this presentation we present our work developing low-cost selective membranes for fuel cell humidification. These membranes are functional over a wide temperature range (-30 to +110°C) and have high water vapour permeance. They are resistant to contamination, relative humidity cycling, freeze-thaw cycling, oxidation, hydrolysis, and acidic conditions that are present in the cathode exhaust. This presentation will also discuss the incorporation of these flat-sheet membranes in to heat and mass exchangers (membrane humidifier cartridges). These cartridges are compact with a high membrane-to-volume ratio, high water vapour transport, and have low pressure loss. The membrane humidifiers are robust to a wide range of operating conditions. Furthermore, the design of these cartridges allows the humidifier to be manufactured at a low cost in high manufacturing volumes. Finally, this presentation will discuss membrane-based heat and mass exchanger performance at different operating conditions. A performance model will be presented which summarizes humidifier performance as a function of membrane properties, exchanger design and architecture, and fuel cell operating conditions.
Interaction of infiltrated colloidal PbS nanocrystals with high Q/V silicon photonic bandgap nanocavities for near-infrared enhanced spontaneous emissions (2005)

We study the interaction of silicon photonic crystal nanocavities with infiltrated colloidal PbS nanocrystals as a viable and efficient source for achieving indistinguishable and single photons. Nanocrystal-nanocavity coupling is predicted at near-infrared wavelengths, suggesting the possibility towards exciting silicon-based nanophotonic lasers, and novel efficient sources for fiber and silicon-based quantum information networks and systems. Two effective designs for nanocrystal-nanocavity coupling are illustrated that exhibit moderate to high cavity quality factors, and ultra-small modal volumes for spontaneous emission enhancements. It is shown that in principle our system can approach the observation of strong exciton-cavity coupling in a solid-state implementation at room temperature.
Differentiation of erythematous and post-inflammatory pigment changes in cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease by hyperspectral imaging (2021)

Through vertex component analysis of hyperspectral imaging data in the visible spectral range, we differentiated erythematous and pigmented areas in patients with cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease. We explored the feasibility of hyperspectral imaging in combination with unsupervised learning algorithms to differentiate active disease from inactive post-inflammatory skin changes, a fundamental practice gap in caring for these patients. We compared erythema and pigment maps to the visual assessment by a dermatologist as the ground truth.
Zeolite Thin Films: From Computer Chips to Space Stations (2009)

Zeolites are a class of crystalline oxides that have uniform and molecular-sized pores (3-12 A in diameter). Although natural zeolites were first discovered in 1756, significant commercial development did not begin until the 1950s when synthetic zeolites with high purity and controlled chemical composition became available. Since then, major commercial applications of zeolites have been limited to catalysis, adsorption, and ion exchange, all using zeolites in powder form. Although researchers have widely investigated zeolite thin films within the last 15 years, most of these studies were motivated by the potential application of these materials as separation membranes and membrane reactors. In the last decade, we have recognized and demonstrated that zeolite thin films can have new, diverse, and economically significant applications that others had not previously considered. In this Account, we highlight our work on the development of zeolite thin films as low-dielectric constant (low-k) insulators for future generation computer chips, environmentally benign corrosion-resistant coatings for aerospace alloys, and hydrophilic and microbiocidal coatings for gravity-independent water separation in space stations. Although these three applications might not seem directly related, they all rely on the ability to fine-tune important macroscopic properties of zeolites by changing their ratio of silicon to aluminum. For example, pure-silica zeolites (PSZs, Si/Al = infinity) are hydrophobic, acid stable, and have no ion exchange capacity, while low-silica zeolites (LSZs, Si/Al < 2) are hydrophilic, acid soluble, and have a high ion exchange capacity. These new thin films also take advantage of some unique properties of zeolites that have not been exploited before, such as a higher elastic modulus, hardness, and heat conductivity than those of amorphous porous silicas, and microbiocidal capabilities derived from their ion exchange capacities. Finally, we briefly discuss our more recent work on polycrystalline zeolite thin films as promising biocompatible coatings and environmentally benign wear-resistant and antifouling coatings. When zeolites are incorporated into polymer thin films in the form of nanocrystals, we also show that the resultant composite membranes can significantly improve the performance of reverse osmosis membranes for sea water desalination and proton exchange membrane fuel cells. These diverse applications of zeolites have the potential to initiate new industries while revolutionizing existing ones with a potential economic impact that could extend into the hundreds of billions of dollars. We have licensed several of these inventions to companies with millions of dollars invested in their commercial development. We expect that other related technologies will be licensed in the near future.
Mechanisms for the Trimethylaluminum Reaction in Aluminum Oxide Atomic Layer Deposition on Sulfur Passivated Germanium (2011)

Germanium combined with high-κ dielectrics is investigated for the next generations of CMOS devices. Therefore, we study reaction mechanisms for Al2O3 atomic layer deposition on sulfur passivated Ge using calculations based on density functional theory and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). TXRF indicates 6 S/nm2 and 4 Al/nm2 after the first TMA/H2O reaction cycle, and growth inhibition from the second reaction cycle on. Calculations are performed on molecular clusters representing −GeSH surface sites. The calculations confirm that the TMA reaction does not affect the S content. On fully SH-terminated Ge, TMA favorably reacts with up to three −GeSH sites, resulting in a near tetrahedral Al coordination. Electron deficient structures with a Ge–S site shared between two Al atoms are proposed. The impact of the cluster size on the structures and reaction energetics is systematically investigated.
Cyclic spectrum reconstruction from sub-Nyquist samples (2014)

Communication signals are often cyclostationary, that is they have statistical characteristics that vary periodically in time. In the frequency domain, this translates into correlation between spectral components of the signal. As a result, the cyclic spectrum, a characteristic function of the second-order moment of such signals, exhibits spectral peaks at certain locations, called cyclic frequencies. Exploiting the cyclostationarity of communication signals allows to better model them and describe their properties. Moreover, it improves robustness to noise when processing such signals. The traditional signal processing task of spectrum sensing has been recently challenged by Cognitive Radios (CRs) into dealing with wideband signals in an efficient and reliable way. CR receivers deal with signals with high Nyquist rates and low Signal to Noise Ratios (SNRs). On the one hand, sub-Nyquist sampling of such signals alleviates the burden both on the analog and the digital side. On the other hand, it increases the sensitivity to noise due to its aliasing. In this paper, we derive a method to reconstruct the cyclic spectrum of cyclostationary signals from sub-Nyquist samples rather than their spectrum or power spectrum, in order to better deal with noise. Any processing such as signal detection can then be performed on the reconstructed cyclic spectrum.
4H-SiC Bipolar Junction Transistors with a Current Gain of 108 (2008)

4H-SiC BJTs with a common emitter current gain (b) of 108 at 25°C have been demonstrated. The high current gain was accomplished by using a base as thin as 0.25 μm. The current gain decreases at high temperatures but is still greater than 40 at 300°C. The device demonstrates an open emitter breakdown voltage (BVCBO) of 1150 V, and an open base breakdown voltage (BVCEO) of 250 V. A low specific on-resistance of 3.6 mW-cm2 at 25°C was achieved. The BJTs have shown blocking capabilities over a wide range of operating temperatures up to 300°C.
Where's Wally? (2015)

Location proximity schemes have been adopted by social networks and other smartphone apps as a means of balancing user privacy with utility. However, misconceptions about the privacy offered by proximity services have rendered users vulnerable to trilateration attacks that can expose their location. Such attacks have received major publicity. and, as a result, popular service providers have deployed countermeasures for preventing user discovery attacks.
Estimation of dissociation energy of alkali diatomics using an extended Linderberg relation (1981)

Abstract The ground state wave function of a model potential consisting of a zero‐range square well joined to a Coulomb tail is used in a two equivalent centre problem to evaluate the overlap integral ( S ) and the resonance integral (β). It is shown that an extended Linderberg relation of the form β = K / R ( dS / dR ) is generally well obeyed. The extended relation has been used within a LCAO framework to obtain dissociation energies of the homonuclear diatomic molecules of the alkali atoms.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF IMIDAZOLE‐2‐THIONE NUCLEOSIDES (1980)

Abstract Aus silyliertem Imidazol‐2‐thion (I) erhält man mit den Zuckerderivaten (II) Gemische aus Mono‐ (III) und Disubstitutionsprodukten (IV), deren Anteile in Relation zu den Bedingungen bestimmt werden.
Testing memory for self-generated items in dementia (2000)

Aged subjects preferentially retained internally generated material. However, among demented subjects, memory for internally generated words was influenced by the testing method used. PD+ subjects have poor internal recall, but excellent internal recognition. In pAD, memory for internally generated words may exceed external memory, but only when subjects are not explicitly trying to remember.
Image-based modeling and characterization of RF ablation lesions in cardiac arrhythmia therapy (2013)

In spite of significant efforts to enhance guidance for catheter navigation, limited research has been conducted to consider the changes that occur in the tissue during ablation as means to provide useful feedback on the progression of therapy delivery. We propose a technique to visualize lesion progression and monitor the effects of the RF energy delivery using a surrogate thermal ablation model. The model incorporates both physical and physiological tissue parameters, and uses heat transfer principles to estimate temperature distribution in the tissue and geometry of the generated lesion in near real time. The ablation model has been calibrated and evaluated using <i>ex vivo</i> beef muscle tissue in a clinically relevant ablation protocol. To validate the model, the predicted temperature distribution was assessed against that measured directly using fiberoptic temperature probes inserted in the tissue. Moreover, the model-predicted lesions were compared to the lesions observed in the post-ablation digital images. Results showed an agreement within 5°C between the model-predicted and experimentally measured tissue temperatures, as well as comparable predicted and observed lesion characteristics and geometry. These results suggest that the proposed technique is capable of providing reasonably accurate and sufficiently fast representations of the created RF ablation lesions, to generate lesion maps in near real time. These maps can be used to guide the placement of successive lesions to ensure continuous and enduring suppression of the arrhythmic pathway.
10.6 continuous-time linear equalization with programmable active-peaking transistor arrays in a 14nm FinFET 2mW/Gb/s 16Gb/s 2-Tap speculative DFE receiver (2015)

We report the implementation of a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) featuring a new technique to control the high-frequency gain peaking and to interface to current-summing stages usually implemented as interleaved slices for the linear analog superposition of the coefficients of decision-feedback equalizers (DFE). The circuits are implemented in 14nm FinFET SOI CMOS technology and are included ina prototype receiver targeted to 16Gb/s serial I/O links for multi-core microprocessors off-chip communication. The architecture is shown in Fig. 10.6.1. Power efficiency and compactness are among the primary goals of the study together with an equalization capability sufficient to recover at bit-error rate (BER) levels below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−12</sup> data transmitted across smooth channels with losses in excess of 25dB at 8GHz.
IBM multimedia analysis and retrieval system (2008)

IBM Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System is a Web-based technology that makes digital photos and video searchable through automated classification and indexing.
Effects of Humic and Fulvic Acids on the Growth of Microcystis Aeruginosa (1998)

The effects of chelate substances on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa K-5 in Lake Kasumigaura water were investigated. A chelate compound, EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt) and natural chelate substances, such as humic and fulvic acids isolated from Lake Kasumigaura sediment, stimulated the growth of the K-5 strain. We investigated the mechanism of this stimulation by chelate compounds. The toxicity of heavy metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc, and the alleviation of heavy metal toxicity by chelate compounds were determined. The 50% growth inhibition (EC50) values of copper and zinc for the K-5 strain were 8.4 and 11.4µg l−1, respectively, close to levels measured in Lake Kasumigaura. Humic and fulvic acids mitigated copper and zinc toxicity. Humic and fulvic acids may significantly affect the occurrence of water blooms of Microcystis in Lake Kasumigaura.