gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Periodontal Bone-Ligament-Cementum Regeneration via Scaffolds and Stem Cells (2019)

Periodontitis is a prevalent infectious disease worldwide, causing the damage of periodontal support tissues, which can eventually lead to tooth loss. The goal of periodontal treatment is to control the infections and reconstruct the structure and function of periodontal tissues including cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL) fibers, and bone. The regeneration of these three types of tissues, including the re-formation of the oriented PDL fibers to be attached firmly to the new cementum and alveolar bone, remains a major challenge. This article represents the first systematic review on the cutting-edge researches on the regeneration of all three types of periodontal tissues and the simultaneous regeneration of the entire bone-PDL-cementum complex, via stem cells, bio-printing, gene therapy, and layered bio-mimetic technologies. This article primarily includes bone regeneration; PDL regeneration; cementum regeneration; endogenous cell-homing and host-mobilized stem cells; 3D bio-printing and generation of the oriented PDL fibers; gene therapy-based approaches for periodontal regeneration; regenerating the bone-PDL-cementum complex via layered materials and cells. These novel developments in stem cell technology and bioactive and bio-mimetic scaffolds are highly promising to substantially enhance the periodontal regeneration including both hard and soft tissues, with applicability to other therapies in the oral and maxillofacial region.
Large-Scale Simulations Including a Human-Body Model for MRI (2007)

Modern open MRI systems have far more electromagnetic (EM) interaction with the environment than conventional cylindrical-bore systems. An EM simulation of an open MRI system has to include the entire examination room as well as detailed objects like internal body organs. This paper will discuss simulations involving an open MRI system and a heterogeneous human-body model. Validations with measurements will be presented.
A Novel Bargaining Based Relay Selection and Power Allocation Scheme for Distributed Cooperative Communication Networks (2010)

Distributed and efficient relay selection and resource allocation are critical for large scale cooperative communication networks. To stimulate a potential relay station to cooperate with the source, a bargaining based relay selection and power allocation (BBRSPA) scheme is proposed. In this paper, Rubinstein-Stahl bargaining game is introduced to provide a possible solution to share the increased benefits, which are obtained at a source when a potential relay joins to help transmit its signals. In this scheme, both a source and a relay calculate the patience factor according to the change in its own service utility. By exchanging the patience factor, a source selects the relay which can provide the maximal extra utility for itself, the corresponding optimal power the chosen relay should allocate is also determined. Furthermore, if the chosen relay could get more utilities from cooperation, it will have incentive to do so. Moreover, the simulation results show the strength of our proposed scheme and prove that our BBRSPA scheme can achieve comparable performance to that employing centralized scheme.
A Low-Power Microinstrument for Chemical Analysis of Remote Environments (2003)

The need for small, reliable, and accurate microsystems that can remotely monitor earth and extraterrestrial environments has increased demand for single-chip microinstruments with long lifetimes. This paper presents work toward a monolithic, lowpower, mixed-signal microcontroller that is capable of measuring, processing, and storing data from liquid chemical sensors. The system consists of a potentiostatic interface circuit, programmable gain amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, microprocessor core, on-chip memory, and a CMOS-MEMS monolithic clock reference. The microinstrument was designed in TSMC’s 0.18 µm CMOS process and operates from a nominal 1.8 V supply that is scalable down to 900 mV. The system consumes 50 mW at a
Estimation of longitudinal resolution in optical coherence imaging (2002)

The spectral shape of a source is of prime importance in optical coherence imaging because it determines several aspects of image quality, especially longitudinal resolution. Wide spectral bandwidth, which provides short coherence length, is sought to obtain high-resolution imaging. To estimate longitudinal resolution, the spectral shape of a source is usually assumed to be Gaussian, although the spectra of real sources are typically non-Gaussian. We discuss the limit of this assumption regarding the estimation of longitudinal resolution. To this end, we also investigate how coherence length is related to longitudinal resolution through the evaluation of different definitions of the coherence length. To demonstrate our purpose, the coherence length for several theoretical and real spectral shapes of sources having the same spectral bandwidth and central wavelength is computed. The reliability of coherence length computations toward the estimation of longitudinal resolution is discussed.
Cl- channel activity in Xenopus oocytes expressing the cystic fibrosis gene. (1991)

The expression of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene on its introduction into nonepithelial somatic cells has recently been shown to result in the appearance of distinctive low conductance chloride channels stimulated by cyclic AMP (Kartner, N., Hanrahan, J.W., Jensen, T.J., Naismith, A.L., Sun, S., Ackerley, C.A., Reyes, E.F., Tsui, L.-C., Rommens, J.M., Bear, C.E., and Riordan, J.R. (1991) Cell 64, 681-691; Anderson, M. P., Rich, D.P., Gregory, R.J., Smith, A.E., and Welsh, M.J. (1991) Science 251, 679-682). Since Xenopus oocytes provide a powerful system for ion channel characterization, we have examined whole cell and single channel currents in them after injection of cRNA to program the synthesis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This has enabled the direct demonstration that the cyclic AMP activation is mediated by protein kinase A and that CFTR is without effect on the endogenous calcium-activated chloride channels of the oocyte, which have been well characterized previously and widely used as reporters of the expression of G-protein-coupled receptors. These findings strengthen the argument that the CF gene codes for a novel regulated chloride channel rather than a regulatory protein which can modulate separate chloride channel molecules.
Sensing Matrix Optimization for Block-Sparse Decoding (2011)

Recent work has demonstrated that using a carefully designed sensing matrix rather than a random one, can improve the performance of compressed sensing. In particular, a well-designed sensing matrix can reduce the coherence between the atoms of the equivalent dictionary, and as a consequence, reduce the reconstruction error. In some applications, the signals of interest can be well approximated by a union of a small number of subspaces (e.g., face recognition and motion segmentation). This implies the existence of a dictionary which leads to block-sparse representations. In this work, we propose a framework for sensing matrix design that improves the ability of block-sparse approximation techniques to reconstruct and classify signals. This method is based on minimizing a weighted sum of the interblock coherence and the subblock coherence of the equivalent dictionary. Our experiments show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves signal recovery and classification ability of the Block-OMP algorithm compared to sensing matrix optimization methods that do not employ block structure.
Quadruple-precision solution of genome-scale models of Metabolism and macromolecular Expression (2016)

Constraint-Based Reconstruction and Analysis (COBRA) is currently the only methodology that permits integrated modeling of Metabolism and macromolecular Expression (ME) at genome-scale. Linear optimization can compute steady-state flux solutions to ME models, but flux values are spread over many orders of magnitude. Standard double-precision solvers may return inaccurate solutions or report that no solution exists. ME models currently have 70,000 constraints and variables and will grow larger, so that exact simplex solvers are not practical. We have developed a quadruple-precision version of our linear and nonlinear optimizer MINOS, and a solution procedure (DQQ) involving Double and Quad MINOS that balances efficiency and reliability for ME models. Efficient double-precision optimizers already enabled exponential growth in biological applications of metabolic models. Combined use of Double and Quad solvers now promises extensive use of linear, nonlinear, genome-scale, and multiscale ME models.
ThreatZoom: CVE2CWE using Hierarchical Neural Network (2020)

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) represent standard means for sharing publicly known information security vulnerabilities. One or more CVEs are grouped into the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) classes for the purpose of understanding the software or configuration flaws and potential impacts enabled by these vulnerabilities and identifying means to detect or prevent exploitation. As the CVE-to-CWE classification is mostly performed manually by domain experts, thousands of critical and new CVEs remain unclassified, yet they are unpatchable. This significantly limits the utility of CVEs and slows down proactive threat mitigation. This paper presents the first automatic tool to classify CVEs to CWEs. ThreatZoom uses a novel learning algorithm that employs an adaptive hierarchical neural network which adjusts its weights based on text analytic scores and classification errors. It automatically estimates the CWE classes corresponding to a CVE instance using both statistical and semantic features extracted from the description of a CVE. This tool is rigorously tested by various datasets provided by MITRE and the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). The accuracy of classifying CVE instances to their correct CWE classes are 92% (fine-grain) and 94% (coarse-grain) for NVD dataset, and 75% (fine-grain) and 90% (coarse-grain) for MITRE dataset, despite the small corpus.
Nonlinear engineering of glasses: experimental and theoretical approaches (1994)

Nonlinear properties of nonresonant glasses are important in the design of a fast all- optical device. Nonlinear susceptibilities and thermal behavior will influence overall performances, and their effect is summarized by the well-known figure of merit.1 We set up a sampling interferometric technique2 and obtained the absolute value of the non- linear indexes as well as the thermal response for different glasses, including silica and SF59 (Schott). Glasses of the Na2O–TiO2–P2O5 system have been specially selected and measured because with an increasing amount of the hyperpolarizable titanium ion they present a figure of merit up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than the others.
Quantum Information Processing on Photonic Chips (2011)

We describe a technique to deterministically couple a single, pre-selected nitrogen vacancy (NV) center to a high-quality factor photonic crystal nanocavity in a Gallium Phosphide membrane. Article not available.
Atom transfer cyclization reactions of hex-5-ynyl iodides: synthetic and mechanistic studies (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtom transfer cyclization reactions of hex-5-ynyl iodides: synthetic and mechanistic studiesDennis P. Curran, Meng Hsin Chen, and Dooseop KimCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 16, 6265–6276Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00198a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00198a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1222Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Intracoronary thrombus: Chronic urokinase infusion and evaluation with intravascular ultrasound (1992)

Percutaneous revascularization of coronary arteries with intraluminal thrombi is a clinical problem. We report a patient in whom we administered prolonged infusion of intracoronary urokinase and then assessed the stenosis with intravascular ultrasound before and after atherectomy. We found both angiography and intravascular ultrasound to be misleading in determining the presence of residual thrombus after thrombolysis.
The Role of Nitric Oxide in Erectile Dysfunction: Implications for Medical Therapy (2006)

Erectile dysfunction is a common, multifactorial disorder that is associated with aging and a range of organic and psychogenic conditions, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and depression. Penile erection is a complex process involving psychogenic and hormonal input, and a neurovascular nonadrenergic, noncholinergic mechanism. Nitric oxide (NO) is believed to be the main vasoactive nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neurotransmitter and chemical mediator of penile erection. Released by nerve and endothelial cells in the corpora cavernosa of the penis, NO activates soluble guanylyl cyclase, which increases 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Acting as a second messenger molecule, cGMP regulates the activity of calcium channels as well as intracellular contractile proteins that affect the relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Impaired NO bioactivity is a major pathogenic mechanism of erectile dysfunction. Treatment of erectile dysfunction often requires combinations of psychogenic and medical therapies, many of which have been only moderately successful in the past. The advent of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors, however, has greatly enhanced erectile dysfunction treatment; patients have demonstrated high tolerability and success rates for improved erectile function. The efficacy of the PDE-5 inhibitors also serves to illustrate the importance of the NO-cGMP pathway in erectile function since these agents counteract the degradation of NO-generated cGMP. Because not all patients respond to PDE-5 inhibitors, additional therapies are being investigated, such as soluble guanylyl cyclase activators and NO donors, which act on NO-independent and NO-dependent pathways, respectively.
Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces oxidative stress in primary cortical neurons in vitro (2012)

Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) involves absorption of photons being in the mitochondria of cells leading to improvement in electron transport, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and greater ATP production. Low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by LLLT in normal cells that are beneficial. We exposed primary cultured murine cortical neurons to oxidative stressors: hydrogen peroxide, cobalt chloride and rotenone in the presence or absence of LLLT (3 J/cm², CW, 810 nm wavelength laser, 20 mW/cm²). Cell viability was determined by Prestoblue™ assay. ROS in mitochondria was detected using Mito-sox, while ROS in cytoplasm was detected with CellRox™. MMP was measured with tetramethylrhodamine. In normal neurons LLLT elevated MMP and increased ROS. In oxidatively-stressed cells LLLT increased MMP but reduced high ROS levels and protected cultured cortical neurons from death. Although LLLT increases ROS in normal neurons, it reduces ROS in oxidatively-stressed neurons. In both cases MMP is increased. These data may explain how LLLT can reduce clinical oxidative stress in various lesions while increasing ROS in cells in vitro.
Fast Response Dual Active Bridge Converter with Elimination of Transient DC Offset By Intermediate Asymmetric Modulation (2018)

Dual active bridge converters are attractive solution for bidirectional power conversion, but suffers from transient performance as load changes result in slower dissipation of dc offset produced in inductor and magnetizing current. Additionally, with dc offsets in magnetizing current, core saturation and high peak current may occur when repetitive load transients are applied. In this work, an asymmetric modulation scheme is proposed and its theoretical and simulated transient analysis is carried out. Additionally, zero average current control is proposed which eliminates the dc offset in both inductor and magnetizing current. Theoretical results were verified in PSIM simulation. Experimental verification has also been provided using a 100W prototype. The digital logic of the proposed asymmetric modulation has been implemented in an FPGA controller for experimental verification.
Demystification of the Self-Seeded WDM Access (2015)

The self-seeded cavity appeared in the last few years as a colorless and low cost solution for wavelength division multiplexing access. Although the self-seeded source presents a simple architecture, its behavior has been misunderstood for a long time. In this paper, we explain its operating principles and why we can define such a source as a laser. We evidence a laser threshold and show cavity modes for various lengths. We describe the conditions required by the reflective semiconductor optical amplifier to sustain the self-seeded cavity, by evaluating the choice of its epitaxial structure and the influence of its optical confinement factor. An analysis of the cavity behavior is given, pointing out that the relative intensity noise results from the beating noise between the cavity modes. An overview over the last performances in the C- as well as in the O-band is then presented. Some practical applications are reported. In particular, we detail the mobile front-haul as a possible employment for the self-seeded cavity to achieve a self-organized wavelength network.
Supplementary Data from CD98hc (SLC3A2) Loss Protects Against Ras-Driven Tumorigenesis by Modulating Integrin-Mediated Mechanotransduction (2023)

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Isolation and Structure of Nocardiolactone, A New Dialkyl-Substituted β-Lactone From Pathogenic Nocardia Strains (1999)

Abstract Pathogenic Nocardia strains such as N. brasiliensis were found to produce nocardiolactone (I) as a dialkyl-substituted β-lactone. the chemical constitution and relative stereochemistry were settled by MS and NMR measurements. Key Words: NocardiolactoneNocardiaspectral data.
Viscometer Readings Prediction of Flat Rheology Drilling Fluids Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (2023)

Abstract Flat rheology drilling fluids are synthetic-based fluids designed to provide better drilling performance with flat rheological properties for deep water and/or cold environments. The detailed mud properties are mainly measured in laboratories and are often measured twice a day in the field. This prevents real-time mud performance optimization and negatively affects the decisions. If the real-time estimation of mud properties, which affects decision-making in time, is absent, the ROP may slow down, and serious drilling problems and severe economic losses may take place. Consequently, it is important to evaluate the mud properties while drilling to capture the dynamics of mudflow. Unlike other mud properties, mud density (MD) and Marsh funnel viscosity (MFV) are frequently measured every 15–20 minutes in the field. The objective of this study is to predict the viscometer readings at 300 and 600 RPM (R600 and R300) of the flat rheology mud in real-time using machine learning (ML) and then calculate the other rheological properties using the existing equations. The developed model using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) predicted the viscometer readings with an acceptable accuracy. The maximum average absolute percentage error (AAPE) was less than 7 % and the correlation coefficient (R) was more than 0.96 for training, testing and validation.
A robustness analysis of multi-hop ranging-based localization approximations (2006)

In this study, we implement six ranging-based localization algorithms from the literature and evaluate them in simulations that employ real-world ultrasound ranging data. We find that small variations in the ranging model can lead to large variations in localization error. We analyze each algorithm to identify how implicit assumptions may be violated by empirical ranging data and why this changes the behavior of the algorithm.
Using the Plan View To Teach Basic Crystallography in General Chemistry (2015)

The plan view is used in crystallography and materials science to show the positions of atoms in crystal structures. However, it is not widely used in teaching general chemistry. In this contribution, we introduce the plan view, and show these views for the simple cubic, body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, hexagonal close packed, CsCl, NaCl, diamond cubic, ZnS, and CaF2 unit cells. A survey administered to college-level general chemistry students indicates that the plan view helps them to better understand crystal structures.
Wireless transfer of images from a digital camera to the Internet via a standard GSM mobile phone (2001)

We describe an infrastructure based on an existing, commercially available, GSM mobile phone for achieving connectivity between digital cameras and an Internet Website. Pictures are loaded from a standard digital camera, or compact flash card, by an embedded appliance, which establishes the Internet connection and controls the transfer of pictures from the camera to a remote Website. Detailed descriptions are given of this picture transfer appliance and of a typical Website infrastructure to store and manage the pictures and provide end-user services.
Integrity Of Apical Seal In Preparation Of Post Space - Lateral Condensation Versus Sectional Obturation - An In Vitro Evaluation (2012)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare and quantitatively evaluate two frequently employed obturating techniques for their effectiveness in maintaining integrity of apical seal after post space preparation at varied time intervals. Methods: Root canals of one hundred extracted teeth were prepared . These were divided into two experimental groups with three subgroups each and two control groups. Post space was prepared at varying time interval. Apical seal of the samples was assessed for volumetric dye penetration using spectrophotometry. The readings obtained for each group were tabulated and were put to statistical analysis, employing two way analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results: The post space preparation in teeth obturated with two different obturating techniques i.e. lateral condensation and sectional obturation at varied time intervals of two, seven and fourteen days did not have any statistically significant different effect on the apical leakage.