gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CSF total tau/α-synuclein ratio improved the diagnostic performance for Alzheimer’s disease as an indicator of tau phosphorylation (2020)

The high correlation of α-synuclein with tau and the elevated N/αS in AD supported the involvement of α-synuclein in AD pathophysiology. Importantly, N/αS improved the diagnostic performance, confirming the needs of incorporating α-synuclein as a biomarker for neurodegenerative disorders. The incorporation of a biomarker group [N/αS] could contribute to provide better understanding and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Patient and Surgical Factors Associated With Postoperative Urinary Retention After Lumbar Spine Surgery (2014)

4.
Reactive oxygen species as an initiator of toxic innate immune responses in retort to SARS-CoV-2 in an ageing population, consider N-acetylcysteine as early therapeutic intervention (2020)

During the current COVID-19 pandemic, a need for evaluation of already available drugs for treatment of the disease is crucial. Hereby, based on literature review from the current pandemic and previous outbreaks with corona viruses we analyze the impact of the virus infection on cell stress responses and redox balance. High levels of mortality are noticed in elderly individuals infected with SARS-CoV2 and during the previous SARS-CoV1 outbreak. Elderly individuals maintain a chronic low level of inflammation which is associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production, a condition that increases the severity of viral infections in this population. Coronavirus infections can lead to alterations of redox balance in infected cells through modulation of NAD + biosynthesis, PARP function along with altering proteasome and mitochondrial function in the cell thereby leading to enhanced cell stress responses which further exacerbate inflammation. ROS production can increase IL-6 production and lipid peroxidation resulting in cell damage. Therefore, early treatment with anti-oxidants such as NAC during COVID-19 can be a way to bypass the excessive inflammation and cell damage that lead to severe infection, thus early NAC as intervention should be evaluated in a clinical trial setting.
Echinacea purpurea stimulates cellular immunity and anti-bacterial defence independently of the strain of mice. (2003)

One of the major functions of the immune system is anti-bacterial defence mediated among others by non-specific immunity (macrophages, granulocytes). Echinacea purpurea extracts are widely used in prophylaxis and therapy of various infections, mainly the respiratory tract, in animals and humans. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of prophylactic use of Echinacea purpurea extract on the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in various strains of mice and on some parameters of non-specific and also specific cellular immunity. Mice expressed various, depending on the strain used, susceptibility to infection. Echinacea feeding resulted in diminishing of bacteria number in livers of C57Bl/6 (susceptible strain) as well as B6C3F1 (relative resistant strain) mice. Echinacea feeding of the second relative resistant strain (BALB/c x C3H) F1 resulted in stimulation of granulocytes chemiluminescent and lymphocytes proliferative response.
Ultra-long self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on Si(111) (2017)

May 29-June 2
Theory of coherent three-level beats (1976)

We present a theoretical treatment of the coherent three-level beat signals occurring in the transient response of a Doppler-broadened molecular system with coupled closely spaced levels resonating with an intense monochromatic cw laser field. When the degenerate levels of the molecular system are suddenly split by means of an external Stark or Zeeman field, the transmitted laser radiation exhibits decaying beats at frequencies related to the level splitting or Raman frequency. This effect has been the subject of earlier theoretical analyses, but some relevant aspects such as the velocity integration, were not taken into account. A perturbation treatment, complete to third order in laser field strength, is used to calculate the velocity-integrated induced polarization and the corresponding reradiated field. The calculation takes into account both Raman-type processes, which lead to transient oscillations at the Raman frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{21}$, and population-saturation effects. In particular, population-induced transient oscillations at half the Raman frequency, $\frac{{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{21}}{2}$, are predicted. The relative importance of the various oscillations is analyzed as a function of the laser detuning and other parameters, including velocity-changing collisions. The relationship between the three-level beat signals and the well-known quantum-beat effect studied in fluorescence is explored.
Characterization of nicotinic receptors in chick retina using a snake venom neurotoxin that blocks neuronal nicotinic receptor function (1989)

Nicotinic receptor function has been described in the retinas of a variety of vertebrate species. Neuronal bungarotoxin (NBT, also known as bungarotoxin 3.1, toxin F, or kappa-bungarotoxin) blocks nicotinic receptors in several neuronal preparations, while the neuromuscular antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (BGT) fails to block most of these receptors. NBT (100 nM), but not BGT (10 microM), substantially blocks nicotinic function on ganglion cells in intact chick retina. 125I-NBT binds to 2 sites in homogenates of chick retina; one site that is shared with BGT (Kd = 5-7 nM, Bmax approximately 500 fmol/retina) and one which is not (Kd = 2-3 nM, Bmax approximately 100 fmol/retina). 125I-NBT binding to the NBT-specific site (binding in the presence of 1 microM unlabeled BGT) is localized to 2 bands in the inner plexiform layer, corresponding to regions richly innervated by neurons containing immunoreactivity for choline acetyltransferase. Furthermore, this binding is blocked by competitive nicotinic agonists and antagonists, but nicotine or other nicotinic agonists do not displace 125I-NBT binding with very high affinity relative to the displacement of 3H-nicotine reported by others in brain. Thus, of the 2 NBT binding sites, the site not recognized by BGT most likely represents functional nicotinic receptors in the chick retina, but these receptors have relatively low affinity for nicotinic agonists, similar to nicotinic receptors found in autonomic ganglia.
Potential of Coating Comprising Hydroxypropylated Starch for Dye-Based Inkjet Printing (2015)

The potential of hydroxypropylated starch &#x2013;based composite coatings as inkjet receptive coatings was studied using water based inks with dye colorants. The variable in the development program was the proportion of various functional nanopigments such as kaolin and synthetic layered silicate. Also the effect of styrene-butadiene latex co-binder addition was investigated. From the viewpoint of print quality, the coated substrates showed excellent print density values, but low water fastness results, which was ascribed to dissolution of the coating-ink interface.
Controlling the phase locking of stochastic magnetic bits for ultra-low power computation (2016)

When fabricating magnetic memories, one of the main challenges is to maintain the bit stability while downscaling. Indeed, for magnetic volumes of a few thousand nm(3), the energy barrier between magnetic configurations becomes comparable to the thermal energy at room temperature. Then, switches of the magnetization spontaneously occur. These volatile, superparamagnetic nanomagnets are generally considered useless. But what if we could use them as low power computational building blocks? Remarkably, they can oscillate without the need of any external dc drive, and despite their stochastic nature, they can beat in unison with an external periodic signal. Here we show that the phase locking of superparamagnetic tunnel junctions can be induced and suppressed by electrical noise injection. We develop a comprehensive model giving the conditions for synchronization, and predict that it can be achieved with a total energy cost lower than 10(-13) J. Our results open the path to ultra-low power computation based on the controlled synchronization of oscillators.
Prediction of microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction products from feedstock biochemical composition (2015)

Models for microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction were developed from conversion of<italic>Nannochloropsis</italic>cultivated to varying biochemical composition and fatty acid content.
Immunoproteomics for Serological Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Caused by Environmental Microorganisms (2014)

Diagnosis of immunoallergenic pathologies due to microorganisms such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis includes detection of circulating specific antibodies. Detection of precipitins has classically been performed using immunoprecipitation techniques with crude antigenic extracts from microorganisms implicated as etiologic agents. However, these techniques lack standardization because of the different composition of fungal antigenic extracts from one batch to another. Therefore, there is high interest in developing standardized serological diagnostic methods using recombinant antigens. Immunoproteomics have proved to be useful for identifying the immunogenic proteins in several microorganisms linked to hypersensitivity pneumonitis. With this approach, the causative microorganisms are first isolated from the environment of patients. Then the proteins are separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and revealed by Western blotting with sera of different patients suffering from the disease compared to sera of asymptomatic exposed controls. Immunoreactive proteins are identified by mass spectrometry. Identified immunoreactive proteins found to be specific markers for the disease could be subsequently produced as recombinant antigens using various expression systems to develop ELISA tests. Using recombinant antigens, standardized ELISA techniques can be developed, with sensitivity and specificity reaching 80% and 90%, respectively, and more if using a combination of several antigens. Immunoproteomics can be applied to any environmental microorganisms, with the aim of proposing panels of recombinant antigens able to improve the sensitivity and standardization of serologic diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, but also other mold-induced allergic diseases such as allergic broncho pulmonary aspergillosis or asthma.
Probing the Mechanism of Photoaffinity Labeling by Dialkyldiazirines through Bioorthogonal Capture of Diazoalkanes (2020)

Dialkyldiazirines have emerged as reagents of choice for biological photoaffinity labeling studies. The mechanism of crosslinking has dramatic consequences for biological applications where instantaneous labeling is desirable, as carbene insertions display different chemoselectivity and are much faster than competing mechanisms involving diazo or ylide intermediates. Here, deuterium labeling and diazo compound trapping experiments are employed to demonstrate that both carbene and diazo mechanisms operate in the reactions of a dialkyldiazirine motif that is commonly utilized for biological applications. For the fraction of intermolecular labeling that does involve a carbene mechanism, direct insertion is not necessarily involved, as products derived from a carbonyl ylide are also observed. We demonstrate that a strained cycloalkyne can intercept diazo compound intermediates and serve as a bioorthogonal probe for studying the contribution of the diazonium mechanism of photoaffinity labeling on a model protein under aqueous conditions.
Differential Effects of Faith-Based Coping on Physical and Mental Fatigue in Middle-Aged and Older Cardiac Patients (2006)

Faith-based coping and optimism are independent predictors of physical fatigue.
Real-Time Camera-Based Recognition of Characters and Pictograms (2009)

Camera-based character recognition systems should have the capability of quick operation and recognizing perspectively distorted texts in a complex layout. In this paper, in order to realize such a system, we propose a simple but efficient implementation of camera-based recognition of characters and pictograms. With help of new hashing and voting techniques, the proposed method runs well in real-time even on a laptop PC with a web camera.
Facing and Overcoming Sensitivity Challenges in Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy (2015)

In the Spring of 2013, NMR spectroscopists convened at the Weizmann Institute in Israel to brainstorm on approaches to improve the sensitivity of NMR experiments, particularly when applied in biomolecular settings. This multi-author interdisciplinary Review presents a state-of-the-art description of the primary approaches that were considered. Topics discussed included the future of ultrahigh-field NMR systems, emerging NMR detection technologies, new approaches to nuclear hyperpolarization, and progress in sample preparation. All of these are orthogonal efforts, whose gains could multiply and thereby enhance the sensitivity of solid- and liquid-state experiments. While substantial advances have been made in all these areas, numerous challenges remain in the quest of endowing NMR spectroscopy with the sensitivity that has characterized forms of spectroscopies based on electrical or optical measurements. These challenges, and the ways by which scientists and engineers are striving to solve them, are also addressed.
Laser Scanning Cytometry Evaluation of MART-1, gp100, and HLA-A2 Expression in Melanoma Metastases (2001)

Assessment of antigen expression by solid tumors has relied predominantly on immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and more recently quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. However, all these techniques present intrinsic limits. The laser scanning cytometer, by combining the properties of light and fluorescence microscopy with those of laser cytometry, can quantitatively and objectively analyze hypocellular samples such as fine-needle aspirates on an individual cell basis. To validate the fidelity of laser scanning cytometry for quantitative immunophenotyping of fine-needle aspirates, the authors measured the expression of the melanoma-associated antigens MART-1 and gp100 as well as HLA-A2, a HLA class 1 restriction element associated with their recognition by melanoma-specific T cells. Expression of melanoma antigens and HLA was measured by laser scanning cytometry and immunohistochemistry in fine-needle aspirates from melanoma metastases. In addition, transcription levels of both melanoma antigens were recorded by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A quantity of less than 1,000 cells per sample (average 682 cells) was sufficient for the analysis. Laser scanning cytometry estimates correlated with those of immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for MART-1 and gp100. A good correlation in HLA-A2 detection by laser scanning cytometry and immunohistochemistry was also observed. Moreover, the laser scanning cytometer could discriminate subsets of cells from the same lesion with heterogeneous melanoma antigen expression, leading to the observation that cells with a DNA index greater than 2.5 expressed significantly less gp100. Thus, laser scanning cytometry yields detailed information on protein expression in individual cells and represents a new tool for dissecting the immune response in the tumor microenvironment.
HOST ENHANCEMENT OF SYMBIONT PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE HYDRA-ALGAE SYMBIOSIS (1982)

Photosynthesis by the Chlorella-like algal symbiont of the green hydra, Hydra viridis, was determined for algae in situ and in vitro by measuring photosynthetic oxygen evolution in a modified polarographic electrode. Effects of light intensity, environmental oxygen concentration, and bicarbonate ion concentration on photosynthetic oxygen evolution were measured, with the following results: (1) Bicarbonate ion increased photosynthesis by algal symbionts in situ with up to 1 mM bicarbonate added. (2) Based on light intensity/photosynthesis data, photosynthetic oxygen evolution in symbionts in situ was greater than in those in vitro, especially at ambient oxygen concentrations. Oxygen severely inhibited photosynthetic oxygen evolution by symbionts in vitro but had little or no effect on algae in situ up to ambient oxygen concentrations. These data suggest that hydra symbionts gain a significant photosynthetic advantage, especially at ambient (= 8 mg 1-1) oxygen concentrations, when they are associated with their hosts. The role of the host-symbiont relationship in contributing to this advantage is discussed.
Orthogonal Riboswitches for Tuneable Coexpression in Bacteria (2012)

Orthogonale RNA-Schalter steuern unabhängig voneinander in ein und derselben Bakterienzelle die Coexprimierung mehrerer Gene als Antwort auf die Dosis bestimmter synthetischer niedermolekularer Substanzen. Mithilfe dieser Technik sind hoch dynamische Exprimierungsmuster und gewünschte Proteinverhältnisse leicht zugänglich.
Additions and Corrections - A Classical 7-Norbornenyl Cation. Competition between Aryl and Alkenyl Functions in Stabilizing 7-Aryl-7-norborenyl Cations (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - A Classical 7-Norbornenyl Cation. Competition between Aryl and Alkenyl Functions in Stabilizing 7-Aryl-7-norborenyl CationsHerman Richey, Jr., James Nichols, Paul Gassman, Allison Fentiman, Jr., S. Winstein, M. Brookhart, and R. LustgartenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 24, 7240Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online13 April 2004Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00727a605https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00727a605research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Endoscopic Guided Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (2021)

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the treatment of choice for kidney stones >2 cm in size. Obtaining a nephrostomy tract to access the kidney is a key step in this procedure that ultimately determines the patient's outcome. We describe each step of the endoscopic guided approach to PCNL as performed at the University of California, Irvine. Each step of the endoscopic guided PCNL is described and depicted in the video. Surgical steps depicted in the video are from various recorded PCNL procedures from our institution. This guide outlines the indications, preoperative preparation, patient positioning, surgical steps, and postoperative care for patients undergoing PCNL using the endoscopic guided approach. Direct observation of nephrostomy puncture, tract dilation using the balloon, and passing of the Amplatz sheath allow for proper access to the kidney and lower risk of injury. By following this systematic module of endoscopic guided PCNL, a nephrostomy tract can be created and accessed under direct observation, facilitating the routine steps of PCNL.
Targeting Multiplicity: The Key Factor for Anti-Cancer Nanoparticles (2013)

In this mini-review, we focus on different strategies to bring nanotools specifically to cancer cells. We discuss about a better targeting of tumor, combining the characteristics of tumor environment, the increase in nanoparticles life time, the biomarkers overexpressed on cancer cells and different physical methods for non invasive therapies. Here we detail the necessity of a synergy between passive and active targeting for an actual specificity of cancer cells.
Ongoing immunoglobulin somatic mutation in germinal center B cell-like but not in activated B cell-like diffuse large cell lymphomas (2000)

B cell diffuse large cell lymphoma (B-DLCL) is a heterogeneous group of tumors, based on significant variations in morphology, clinical presentation, and response to treatment. Gene expression profiling has revealed two distinct tumor subtypes of B-DLCL: germinal center B cell-like DLCL and activated B cell-like DLCL. In a separate study, we determined that B-DLCL can also be subdivided into two groups based on the presence or absence of ongoing Ig gene hypermutation. Here, we evaluated the correlation between these B-DLCL subtypes established by the two different methods. Fourteen primary B-DLCL cases were studied by gene expression profiling using DNA microarrays and for the presence of ongoing mutations in their Ig heavy chain gene. All seven cases classified as germinal center B cell-like DLCL by gene expression showed the presence of ongoing mutations in the Ig genes. Five of the seven cases classified by gene expression as activated B cell-like DLCL had no ongoing somatic mutations, whereas, in the remaining two cases, a single point mutation was observed in only 2 of 15 and 21 examined molecular clones of variable heavy (V(H)) chain gene, respectively. These two cases were distantly related to the rest of the activated B cell-like DLCL tumors by gene expression. Our findings validate the concept that lymphoid malignancies are derived from cells at discrete stages of normal lymphocyte maturation and that the malignant cells retain the genetic program of those normal cells.
Preserving voltage and long wavelength photoresponse in GaSb/GaAs quantum dot solar cells (2013)

Improvement in the open circuit voltage of the GaSb/GaAs quantum dot intermediate band solar cell is achieved by compensating thermionic hole emission of the quantum dots with n-type doping while the short circuit current decreases due to reduced absorption and/or carrier collection. A new QD-IBSC design with a graded doping profile is studied where the QD layers are located at the edge of the space charge region. The built-in electric field provides enhanced photoresponse while preserving solar cell voltage.
Automatic design of dependable data storage systems (2003)

Constructing dependable storage systems is difficult, because there are many techniques to pick from that interact in often unforeseen ways. The resulting storage systems are often either over-provisioned, or provide inadequate protection, or both. We assert that automating our way out of this dilemma is both desirable and achievable, and we present some lessons we have learned from our initial efforts at doing so. The result is a first step down the path of self-managing, dependability-aware storage systems , including a better understanding of the problem space and its tradeoffs, and a number of insights that we believe will be helpful to others.