gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of fraction solid and shear rate on the viscosity of conventionally cast semi-solid A356 Al-Si alloys (2006)

COM 2006: 45th Annual Conference of Metallurgists of CIM held in conjunction with the 36th Annual Hydrometallurgy Meeting and the 17th International Symposium 'ICSOBA 2006', October 1-4 , 2006 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Fudecalone, an Anticoccidial Drimane Terpenoid (1999)

[formula: see text] The proposed structure of fudecalone (1), an anticoccidial drimane sesquiterpene, was synthesized as a racemate in six steps starting from a known phthalide (5). Interestingly, our synthetic 1 showed conformation 1b, while the natural one was reported as 1a, and the NMR spectral data were not identical.
Interfacial phenomena between liquid electrolytes and semiconducting base metal sulfides (2015)

Electrochemical measurements have been performed on&#13;\nnaturally occurring base metal sulfides. The&#13;\nemphasis has been on members of the copper™iron-sulfur&#13;\nsystem. The purpose was to determine whether or&#13;\nnot there is an observable phenomenological difference&#13;\nbetween the electrochemical responses of certain&#13;\neconomic and non-economic sulfides.
Search for excited τ-leptons and leptoquarks in the final state with τ-leptons and jets in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2023)

A bstract A search is reported for excited τ -leptons and leptoquarks in events with two hadronically decaying τ -leptons and two or more jets. The search uses proton-proton ( pp ) collision data at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment during the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider in 2015–2018. The total integrated luminosity is 139 fb − 1 . The excited τ -lepton is assumed to be produced and to decay via a four-fermion contact interaction into an ordinary τ -lepton and a quark-antiquark pair. The leptoquarks are assumed to be produced in pairs via the strong interaction, and each leptoquark is assumed to couple to a charm or lighter quark and a τ -lepton. No excess over the background prediction is observed. Excited τ -leptons with masses below 2.8 TeV are excluded at 95% CL in scenarios with the contact interaction scale Λ set to 10 TeV. At the extreme limit of model validity where Λ is set equal to the excited τ -lepton mass, excited τ -leptons with masses below 4.6 TeV are excluded. Leptoquarks with masses below 1.3 TeV are excluded at 95% CL if their branching ratio to a charm quark and a τ -lepton equals 1. The analysis does not exploit flavour-tagging in the signal region.
General approach to the synthesis of polyquinenes. VIII. Synthesis of triquinacene, 1,10-dimethyltriquinacene, and 1,10-cyclohexanotriquinacene (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral approach to the synthesis of polyquinenes. VIII. Synthesis of triquinacene, 1,10-dimethyltriquinacene, and 1,10-cyclohexanotriquinaceneAshok K. Gupta, Greg S. Lannoye, Greg Kubiak, Jeff Schkeryantz, Suzanne Wehrli, and James M. CookCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 6, 2169–2179Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00188a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00188a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1234Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Discovery and Synthesis of C-Nucleosides as Potential New Anti-HCV Agents (2014)

Nucleoside analogues have long been recognized as prospects for the discovery of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) to treat hepatitis C virus because they have generally exhibited cross-genotype activity and a high barrier to resistance. C-Nucleosides have the potential for improved metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties over their N-nucleoside counterparts due to the presence of a strong carbon-carbon glycosidic bond and a non-natural heterocyclic base. Three 2'CMe-C-adenosine analogues and two 2'CMe-guanosine analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HCV efficacy. The nucleotide triphosphates of four of these analogues were found to inhibit the NS5B polymerase, and adenosine analogue 1 was discovered to have excellent pharmacokinetic properties demonstrating the potential of this drug class.
Total reflection high-energy positron diffraction (TRHEPD) (2014)

Total reflection high-energy positron diffraction (TRHEPD) promises to be an ideal technique for determining the atomic arrangement of solid surfaces. TRHEPD makes full use of the total reflection of the positron beam from a surface in reflection high-energy positron diffraction (RHEPD), the positron counterpart of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Owing to the development and use of a brightness-enhanced intense positron beam at KEK, it is now possible to obtain clear TRHEPD patterns. It is shown that the TRHEPD pattern from a Si(111)-7×7 reconstructed surface for the total reflection condition does not contain contributions from atoms in the bulk.
Evidence that the matrix protein of influenza C virus is coded for by a spliced mRNA (1988)

In contrast to influenza A and B viruses, which encode their matrix (M) proteins via an unspliced mRNA, the influenza C virus M protein appears to be coded for by a spliced mRNA from RNA segment 6. Although an open reading frame in RNA segment 6 of influenza C/JJ/50 virus could potentially code for a protein of 374 amino acids, a splicing event results in an mRNA coding for a 242-amino-acid M protein. The message for this protein represents the major M gene-specific mRNA species in C virus-infected cells. Despite the difference in coding strategies, there are sequence homologies among the M proteins of influenza A, B, and C viruses which confirm the evolutionary relationship of the three influenza virus types.
Aging-based leakage energy reduction in FPGAs (2013)

The presence of process variation (PV) in deep submicron technologies has become a major concern for energy optimization attempts on FPGAs. We develop a negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) aging-based post-silicon leakage energy optimization scheme that stresses the components that are not used or are off the critical paths to reduce the total leakage energy consumption. Furthermore, we obtain the input vectors for aging by formulating the aging objectives into a satisfiability (SAT) problem. We synthesize the low energy design on Xilinx Spartan6 FPGA and evaluate the leakage energy savings on a set of ITC99 and Opencores benchmarks.
Sodium Charge Storage in Thin Films of MnO2Derived by Electrochemical Oxidation of MnO Atomic Layer Deposition Films (2015)

Sodium charge storage in ultrathin MnO2 films was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) measurements. The MnO2 films were fabricated by electrochemical oxidation of MnO films grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD). CV analysis confirmed that oxidation of MnO to MnO2 involved two moles of electrons per mole of Mn in the MnO ALD film. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that electrochemical oxidation of MnO led to the formation of MnO2 nanosheets. EQCM measurements suggested that Na+ cations participate in charge storage in MnO2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments measured sodium in MnO2 after both positive/anodic and negative/cathodic voltage sweeps. The stoichiometry was Na0.25MnO2 after negative/cathodic voltage sweeps. Approximately one-half of the sodium was removed after positive/anodic voltage sweeps. The areal capacitance increased progressively with initial MnO ALD film thickness. This increase in areal capacitance is consistent with bulk charge storage in MnO2 or higher surface area of MnO2 nanosheets resulting from larger MnO ALD film thicknesses. Experiments at varying scan rates indicated that charge storage in MnO2 originates from a combination of capacitive and diffusive processes. Bulk charge storage makes a significant contribution to total charge storage in the thicker MnO2 films.
1590 – Subjective Experience Of Specific Antipsychotic-related Adverse Effects In Schizophrenia Patients (2013)

Background Discontinuation of anti-psychotic drugs in schizophrenia patients is a major concern, since it results in relapse and re-hospitalizations. Non-adherence is strongly associated with negative subjective response to antipsychotics which is composed of the subjective experience of negative drug effects and attitude towards the treatment. Objective To assess subjective experience towards specific drug-related adverse effects which leads to a generally negative subjective attitude towards antipsychotics. Methods Attitude and experience were measured in schizophrenia inpatients (n=84) on eight subscales: weight gain, sedation, sexual anhedonia, extra-pyramidal syndrome, affective flattening, excessive sleep, diminished sociability and metabolic syndrome. DAI-30 was used to measure attitude towards drugs, and PANSS to assess psychopathology. Results Weak correlation was found between subjective experience and attitude on most of the sub-scales. The only strong, albeit inverse, correlation between experience and attitude that was found was with regard to affective flattening, experienced by 37% of the sample, and it also predicted negative drug attitude as measured by the DAI-30, RR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.06-3.3, df=1, x 2 =4.525, p&lt; 0.05). Conclusion Drug-related affective flattening should be evaluated routinely, since experiencing it may predict negative attitude towards drugs, potentially leading to poor compliance and relapse.
A 220-nA 32-kHz Crystal Oscillator with Wide Voltage Range (1.0–5.5 V) for Battery-Operated Microcontrollers (2012)

Most microcontrollers (MCUs) have a real-time clock function driven by a 32-kHz crystal oscillator. A low-power 32-kHz crystal oscillator for operation in battery-operated MCUs over a wide voltage range (1.0–5.5 V) is described. The circuit features a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) bias-current generator to ensure an oscillation margin and an adaptive comparator for detecting small oscillation signals with little effect from by process and temperature variations. Experimental results indicate that the circuit achieves a small operating current of only 220 nA while ensuring a 10-times oscillation margin with a low-CL (3.1 pF) quartz crystal, providing sufficient noise tolerance and quick start-up. The duty cycle is 40–60% and start-up time is less than 0.6 s. This circuit is expected to realize the smallest MCU standby current of 420 nA.
DeepG2P: Fusing Multi-Modal Data to Improve Crop Production (2022)

Agriculture is at the heart of the solution to achieve sustainability in feeding the world population, but advancing our understanding on how agricultural output responds to climatic variability is still needed. Precision Agriculture (PA), which is a management strategy that uses technology such as remote sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS), and machine learning for decision making in the field, has emerged as a promising approach to enhance crop production, increase yield, and reduce water and nutrient losses and environmental impacts. In this context, multiple models to predict agricultural phenotypes, such as crop yield, from genomics (G), environment (E), weather and soil, and field management practices (M) have been developed. These models have traditionally been based on mechanistic or statistical approaches. However, AI approaches are intrinsically well-suited to model complex interactions and have more recently been developed, outperforming classical methods. Here, we present a Natural Language Processing (NLP)-based neural network architecture to process the G, E and M inputs and their interactions. We show that by modeling DNA as natural language, our approach performs better than previous approaches when tested for new environments and similarly to other approaches for unseen seed varieties.
Chemical Technologies for Exploiting and Recycling Carbon Dioxide into the Value Chain (2011)

While experts in various fields discuss the potential of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, the utilization of carbon dioxide as chemical feedstock is also attracting renewed and rapidly growing interest. These approaches do not compete; rather, they are complementary: CCS aims to capture and store huge quantities of carbon dioxide, while the chemical exploitation of carbon dioxide aims to generate value and develop better and more-efficient processes from a limited part of the waste stream. Provided that the overall carbon footprint for the carbon dioxide-based process chain is competitive with conventional chemical production and that the reaction with the carbon dioxide molecule is enabled by the use of appropriate catalysts, carbon dioxide can be a promising carbon source with practically unlimited availability for a range of industrially relevant products. In addition, it can be used as a versatile processing fluid based on its remarkable physicochemical properties.
Chiral Bound States in the Continuum in Plasmonic Metasurfaces (2023)

Abstract Bound states in the continuum (BICs) offer novel mechanisms to boost the quality factor (Q‐factor) of resonances. Unfortunately, current studies on chiral BICs metasurfaces suffer from a fundamental trade‐off between Q‐factor and circular dichroism (CD), presenting a significant hurdle that severely limits the independent control between CD and Q‐factors. Here, 3D plasmonic metasurfaces are numerically demonstrated that overcome the trade‐off and offer high‐Q quasi‐BIC resonances (Q ≈ 938) with strong CD (≈0.67) in the mid‐infrared. These metasurfaces are made of integrated‐resonance units consisting of a twisted vertical split‐ring resonator (VSRR) and a wall. Importantly, this dissimilar dimer configuration unlocks a new degree of freedom to decouple the Q‐factor and CD, that is, the Q‐factor and CD can be relatively independently manipulated by the height of the wall and the twisted angle of the VSRR, respectively. These results provide novel paradigms to manipulate advanced chiroptical responses, with various applications that require strong CD with enhanced light–matter interaction.
Multiwavelength generation in an erbium-doped fiber laser using in-fiber comb filters (1996)

Simultaneous continuous wave multiwavelength operation of an erbium-doped fiber laser has been demonstrated using two types of recently developed in-fiber grating comb filters. The lasing wavelengths and linewidths were determined by the comb filter, which was inserted in a ring cavity with a single inhomogeneously broadened gain medium.
Investigating the Limits of Charge Motion and Combustion Duration in a High-Tumble Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Engine (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the experimental study of a tumble-flap mounted in the intake port of a single-cylinder spark-ignited gasoline engine. The research question addressed was whether an optimal tumble level could be found for the combustion system under investigation. Indicated fuel consumption was measured for a number of part-load operating points with the tumble-flap either open or closed. The experimental results were subjected to an energy balance analysis to understand which portion of the fuel energy was converted to work and how much was lost by incomplete combustion, heat losses to walls and to the exhaust gases, as well as to pumping losses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Closing the tumble-flap resulted in reduced fuel consumption only in a small area of the operating map: only at low-speed, low-load operation, a benefit could be obtained. One way of achieving this was by means of de-throttling due to increased valve overlap, since the combustion system could tolerate a higher level of internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) when the tumble-flap was closed. Improved combustion efficiency was another way of achieving lower fuel consumption.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;For higher engine speeds and loads, fuel consumption actually deteriorated for closed tumble-flap operation, indicating that an optimal tumble level exists and that it was reached in this study. The reason for the worse fuel consumption was that the intake ports in the baseline combustion system already set up such a strong charge motion that a further increase of turbulence (by closing the tumble-flap) no longer contributed to improved conversion of fuel into products or a higher tolerance to internal EGR. On the contrary, it was found that restricting the intake port resulted in increased pumping losses. A tendency of increased wall heat losses for the highest tumble levels could also be observed. Combustion duration generally became shorter for higher levels of in-cylinder turbulence, but for some operating points with extreme tumble level combustion speed actually decreased.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Self-Assembled Electrooptic Superlattices. A Theoretical Study of Multilayer Formation and Response Using Donor−Acceptor, Hydrogen-Bond Building Blocks (2004)

The binding energies, electronic structures, and electrooptic responses of three donor−π-system−acceptor (triazine−vinylbenzylidene−barbituric acid) chromophores that display substantial molecular hyperpolarizabilities and are capable of forming hydrogen-bonded, self-assembled multilayers are investigated using DFT (geometry) and semiempirical (electronic structure) methods. The geometries of the monomers, head-to-tail dimers, and head-to-tail trimers are computed, as well as the linear optical properties and hyperpolarizabilities. Although all three monomers are found to be planar, self-assembly removes monomer planarity and the resulting complexes are slightly twisted. It is found that the combination of dipole moment alignment and short distances between the monomers results in the hyperpolarizabilities of the trimers being substantially greater than three times those of the corresponding monomers, evidencing a synergistic effect that enhances the electrooptic response.
(Invited) Printable Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial Inks for Flexible Electronics and Photonics (2018)

Layered two-dimensional nanomaterials interact primarily via van der Waals bonding, which has created new opportunities for heterostructures that are not constrained by epitaxial growth [1]. In order to efficiently explore the vast phase space for van der Waals heterostructures, our laboratory employs solution-based additive assembly [2]. In particular, constituent two-dimensional nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorus) are isolated in solution, and then deposited into thin films with scalable additive manufacturing methods (e.g., aerosol, inkjet, gravure, and screen printing) [3]. By achieving high levels of nanomaterial monodispersity and printing fidelity, a variety of electronic, electrochemical, and photonic applications can be enhanced including digital logic circuits [4], lithium-ion batteries [5], and photodetectors [6]. Furthermore, by integrating multiple nanomaterial inks into heterostructures, unprecedented device function is realized including anti-ambipolar transistors [7], gate-tunable photovoltaics [8], and neuromorphic memristors [9]. In addition to technological implications for electronic and photonic technologies, this talk will explore several fundamental issues including band alignment, doping, trap states, and charge/energy transfer across two-dimensional van der Waals heterointerfaces [10]. [1] D. Jariwala, et al. , Nature Materials , 16 , 170 (2017). [2] J. Zhu, et al. , Advanced Materials , 29 , 1603895 (2017). [3] J. Kang, et al. , Accounts of Chemical Research , 50 , 943 (2017). [4] M. Geier, et al. , Nature Nanotechnology , 10 , 944 (2015). [5] K.-S. Chen, et al. , Nano Letters , 17 , 2539 (2017). [6] J. Kang, et al. , Nano Letters , 16 , 7216 (2016). [7] D. Jariwala, et al. , Nano Letters , 15 , 416 (2015). [8] D. Jariwala, et al. , Nano Letters , 16 , 497 (2016). [9] V. K. Sangwan, et al. , Nature Nanotechnology , 10 , 403 (2015). [10] S. B. Homan, et al. , Nano Letters , 17 , 164 (2017).
Abraxane (ABI-007) vs taxotere: a preclinical comparison of toxicity and efficacy (2005)

1437 Background: Abraxane™ is a Cremophor® EL-free nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel. Possibly due to the absence of surfactants (eg, Cremophor or Tween® 80, used in Taxol and Taxotere, respectively) in Abraxane, and/or preferential utilization of an albumin-based novel transport mechanism utilizing gp60/caveolae on microvascular endothelial cells, there was a significant improvement in the safety and efficacy of Abraxane compared with Taxol in preclinical models (Desai, EORTC-NCI-AACR, 2004) and in patients with metastatic breast cancer (O’Shaughnessy, SABCS 2003). In addition, both Cremophor and Tween 80 strongly inhibited the binding of paclitaxel to albumin, possibly affecting albumin based transport (Desai, EORTC-NCI-AACR, 2004). We have now investigated the possible enhanced safety and efficacy of Abraxane vs Taxotere in preclinical models. Methods: Toxicity of Abraxane and Taxotere was compared in a dose-ranging study in nude mice given the drugs on a q4dx3 schedule. The dose levels were Taxotere 7, 15, 22, 33, and 50 mg/kg and Abraxane 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 mg/kg. Antitumor activity of Abraxane and Taxotere was compared in nude mice with human MX-1 mammary xenografts at a dose of 15 mg/kg weekly for 3 weeks. Results: In the dose-escalation study in mice, the Taxotere maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 15 mg/kg and lethal dose (LD100) was 50 mg/kg. In contrast, the Abraxane MTD was between 120 and 240 mg/kg and LD100 was 240 mg/kg. In the tumor study Abraxane was more effective than equal doses of Taxotere in tumor growth inhibition (79.8% vs 29.1%, p
Unified model for doubly-fed wind generator system and its application in controllers' coordination (2010)

Recognizing the state-of-art of the control strategy for the double fed induction generator(DFIG) for wind power generation is designed with different subsystems with different references, which neglecting the mutual influence between the grid and rotor connected PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) converts and the corresponding PI controllers' parameters are coordinated with field test, this paper proposes a unified model, which presenting a systematic viewpoint to the different PI controllers for the DFIG system with the same reference. The proposed the model for the general DFIG system, includes the mathematical description for the grid connected PWM converter(GCC) with PI controller, the generator's rotor connected PWM converter(RCC) with PI controller with the same reference. The model describes the DFIG system with the PI controllers as a differential algebraic equation. Based on the proposed model, the application of determining the coordinated parameters of PI controllers is presented. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model.