gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IC‐P3‐208: In vivo characterization of 18F‐BAY94–9172: A novel β‐amyloid PET ligand for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (2008)

Access to the Aβ tracer 11C-PiB is restricted by its short half-life. 18F-BAY94–9172 is a new Aβ tracer with a longer decay half-life better suited to widespread clinical use. We evaluated this tracer in humans and calculated the radiation dosimetry. Fifteen healthy elderly controls (HC), 15 AD, and 5 FTLD patients with mild to moderate dementia, underwent PET imaging after injection of 300 MBq of 18F-BAY94–9172. Scans were acquired 90–120 min. post injection and Standardized Uptake Value ratios (SUVR) were calculated using the cerebellum as reference region. Three of the HC underwent serial whole body scans for the determination of biodistribution and radiation dosimetry calculation using OLINDA. Cortical 18F-BAY94–9172 binding was markedly elevated in all AD patients. There was no cortical binding in most FTLD or HC subjects. One FTLD and three HC showed mild cortical binding but less than in AD. Binding was greatest in the precuneus/posterior cingulate and frontal cortex, followed by lateral temporal and parietal cortex. 18F-BAY94–9172 binding did not correlate with dementia severity in AD. Higher SUVR in neocortical areas were observed in AD (2.02±0.28) when compared with HC (1.29±0.17) and FTLD (1.22±0.17). Visual interpretation was 100% sensitive and 90% specific for detection of AD. Whole body imaging and blood measurements showed rapid metabolism with predominantly hepatic clearance. The mean effective radiation dose was 14.67 ± 1.39 μSv/MBq resulting in radiation exposure of 4.4 mSv from a 300MBq (8 mCi) study. 18F-BAY94–9172 should assist in the early diagnosis of AD and the differential diagnosis of AD from FTLD. The radiation dose compares favourably to other radiological investigations and is slightly less than that of 18F-FDG. The robust visual findings, acceptable radiation exposure, and the longer radioactive half-life make 18F-BAY94–9172 attractive for clinical use.
Double-headed protease inhibitors from black-eyed peas. III. Subunit interactions of the native and half-site chemically modified proteins. (1976)

The chemical modification of two new double-headed-protease inhibitors from black-eyed peas, a trypsin-chymotrypsin inhibitor (BEPCI) and a trypsin inhibitor (BEPTI) with dansyl chloride was investigated under various conditions. The NH2-terminal serine of both BEPCI and BEPTI, the 4 lysyl residues of BEPCI, and 4 of the 5 lysyl residues of BEPTI, could not be dansylated in the absence of urea. The single tyrosine per subunit of BEPCI and BEPTI was unreactive even in the presence of urea but could be labeled with half-site reactivity by the Celite method. Lysine, NH2-terminal serine, and tyrosine were reactive in fully reduced, carbamidomethylated BEPCI and BEPTI. Gel filtration was used to study the subunit interactions of BEPCI and BEPTI. At pH 8 or pH 3.0 there is a complex set of multiple equilibria with widely differing rates of attainment. We have found evidence for a rapid dimer-tetramer equilibrium, a distinct moderate rate dimer-tetramer equilibrium, a very slow monomer-dimer equilibrium, and postulate slow isomerization of the two forms of dimer and the two forms of tetramer. The monomer-dimer equilibrium is quite unusual in that the dimer is stabilized by chaotropic ions and even slightly by guanidine HC1. In contrast to the complex pattern seen in native BEPCI, the half-site, dansylated BEPCI exists at similar concentration exclusively as a tetramer at neutral pH.
Space-saving and broadband design of a small vertical U-shaped folded dipole antenna for dual-band WiMAX using a PSO algorithm (2012)

This study presents a new effective layout method considering space-saving for a type of U-shaped folded dipole antenna (UFDA), namely, a vertical U-shaped folded dipole antenna (VUFDA) that projects from a small ground plane, designed for WiMAX applications. Moreover, by applying a suitable formulation of the objective function in a particle swarm optimization (PSO), the VUFDA shape is optimized to achieve desired broadband properties that include the use of two WiMAX frequency bands, and reduce the physical antenna area by roughly 23% compared to that of an optimized UFDA reported in a previous study.
Influence of CC on FVIII stability in supernatant or plasma. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;CHO cells were incubated with supernatant from CHO cells expressing FVIII-BDD. Then representative CC concentrations were supplemented for 6, 24 h and 72 h (A) at 37°C. (B) Human normal plasma from Haemochrom Diagnostica (Germany) was incubated with CC for 72 h at 37°C. FVIII activity was determined using a two-stage chromogenic assay. Values are presented as means ± SEM, the number of independent experiments was n = 4.&lt;/p&gt;
Modification of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films during pulsed laser liftoff from MgO substrates (2003)

Pulsed excimer laser irradiation of an absorbing thin film through a transparent substrate has been employed to separate epitaxial (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) thin films from their MgO growth substrates. The morphology, microstructure, and dielectric properties of the laser-modified PLZT layer generated at the original PLZT/MgO interface by this laser liftoff (LLO) process was investigated. Atomic force microscopy measurements of the film surface after LLO indicated average surface roughness on the order of 90–100 nm, complementing previously reported scanning electron microscopy studies that revealed what appeared to be a rough glassy layer. The surface roughness is thought to form as the original growth substrate is ejected from the films transferred towards the end of the 38 ns pulse, pulling the molten near-interfacial portion of the PLZT film via surface tension, and followed by quenching of the liquid phase. Transmission electron microscopy of PLZT films transferred to Si wafers showed the surface layer consists of an irregular amorphous layer ranging in thickness from 50 to 100 nm, although some surface features protruded as far as 300 nm. Enhanced levels of lead were found to be present in the amorphous phase by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, implying PbO evaporation and subsequent condensation during LLO. Electrical measurements determined the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer to be in the range of 40 – 70. Subsequent ion milling of the layer demonstrated that the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of the original PLZT films were largely recovered, while the surface roughness was reduced to below 40 nm. The observed differences between the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the film transferred after complete removal of the amorphous layer compared to those of the film on the original MgO substrate are attributed to the removal of substrate clamping.
Towards Unification of MOS Compact Models with the Unified Regional Approach (2006)

MOSFETs have been the building blocks of modern VLSI for decades. As classical bulk-CMOS scaling is approaching its physical limit, various types of non-classical CMOS emerge. Although different in structure, topology, and operation, different types of MOSFETs essentially function in a similar way governed by the same physical principles. Accompanied with technology advancement, MOS compact models (CM) that are used in circuit simulators for designing integrated circuits have gone through many generations of development. Learning from past experience, it is important to construct a core model that is extendable to future technologies and devices rather than always "chasing" the technology. A careful examination of the fundamental physical equations governing various types of devices and operations is therefore necessary in order to come up with an approach to unifying various models into one framework. In this paper, we review the basic voltage equations for the generic MOS transistor. We extend our unified regional modeling (URM) approach to bulk-MOS charge modeling with non-pinned surface potential for various device structures, such as partially-depleted (PD) or fully-depleted (FD) ultra-thin body (UTB) SOI as well as symmetric/asymmetric double-gate (s-DG/a-DG). The regional solutions make it easy to handle different device structures with explicit asymptotically physical solutions, and the unified solution combines the best features in different modeling approaches, such as surface-potential/inversion-charge/threshold-voltage based models, without the need to solve exactly at flat-band voltage. We show that it is viable to obtain a unified solution scalable with layer thickness and doping in all accumulation, depletion, weak/volume/strong inversion regions. The ultimate goal is to have one generic and scalable model with selectable accuracy and seamless transition across device types and operations
Electron focusing with multiparallel one-dimensional channels made by focused ion beam (1990)

Electron focusing effect is observed in a two-dimensional electron gas using samples with simple multiparallel one-dimensional channels made by a Be focused ion beam (FIB). Subharmonics and harmonics are resolved; their strengths allow a direct determination of the elastic scattering length le =1.8 μm and the specularity coefficient p=0.35 for electron reflection at the boundary defined by the FIB. The temperature dependence of the focusing effect is much weaker than the Shubnikov–de Haas effect.
A Pilot Study of CTLA-4 Blockade after Cancer Vaccine Failure in Patients with Advanced Malignancy (2007)

Ipilimumab treatment depressed Treg numbers at early time points in the treatment cycle but was not accompanied by an increase in vaccine-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in these patients previously treated with a variety of investigational anticancer vaccines. A partial response was observed in one patient with follicular lymphoma. A phase I/II trial evaluating ipilimumab in patients with follicular lymphoma is currently ongoing.
A novel discrete-arbitrary-picket pulse-shaping system for the OMEGA laser fusion facility (2004)

We present the results of the development and testing of a new pulse-shaping system based on the temporal stacking of discrete optical picket pulses. This pulse-shaping system produces programmable picket packets that are suitable for numerous OMEGA facility applications.
High-Performance Oxygen Reduction Catalyst Using Carbon-Supported La-Mn-Based Perovskite-Type Oxide (2011)

To obtain a highly active and low-cost oxygen reduction electrode, as compared with a Pt-loaded carbon electrode, a nano-sized La-Mn-based perovskite-type oxide on a carbon support was prepared through the reverse-micelle method. An gas diffusion oxygen reduction electrode using nano-sized La0.4Ca0.6Mn0.9Fe0.1O3 as a electrocatalyst allowed a electrode potential as high as −50 mV (vs Hg/HgO) in 9 mol/l NaOH at 500 mA cm−2. This electrode potential is much higher than the electrode potential of carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles at the same current density. This result suggests that nano-sized La0.4Ca0.6Mn0.9Fe0.1O3 is a promising candidate as an alternative oxygen reduction catalyst of Pt nanoparticles.
A Highly Efficient Self‐Healing Elastomer with Unprecedented Mechanical Properties (2019)

It is highly desirable, although very challenging, to develop self-healable materials exhibiting both high efficiency in self-healing and excellent mechanical properties at ambient conditions. Herein, a novel Cu(II)-dimethylglyoxime-urethane-complex-based polyurethane elastomer (Cu-DOU-CPU) with synergetic triple dynamic bonds is developed. Cu-DOU-CPU demonstrates the highest reported mechanical performance for self-healing elastomers at room temperature, with a tensile strength and toughness up to 14.8 MPa and 87.0 MJ m<sup>-3</sup> , respectively. Meanwhile, the Cu-DOU-CPU spontaneously self-heals at room temperature with an instant recovered tensile strength of 1.84 MPa and a continuously increased strength up to 13.8 MPa, surpassing the original strength of all other counterparts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the coordination of Cu(II) plays a critical role in accelerating the reversible dissociation of dimethylglyoxime-urethane, which is important to the excellent performance of the self-healing elastomer. Application of this technology is demonstrated by a self-healable and stretchable circuit constructed from Cu-DOU-CPU.
Enhancing Quantum Emission from Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride with a Plasmonic Nanocavity (2023)

We report a 250-fold photoluminescence enhancement of V B - spin-defects in hBN by coupling them to nanopatch antennas (NPA). Considering the relative size of the NPAs and laser-spot, an actual enhancement of 1695 times is determined.
Automated reference-counted object recycling for real-time java (2004)

We introduce an aspect-oriented reformulation of reference-counting that is particularly well-suited to Java applications and does not share the error-prone characteristic of manual, user-driven reference counting. We present our method in the context of the real-time specification for Java and demonstrate that it can recycle dead objects in bounded time. We apply partial evaluation to specialize the aspect-generated code, which substantially reduces the reference-counting overhead.
Post-infectious encephalomyelitis: a possible outcome of meales infection (1998)

L'observation Anne, âgee de 9 ans, presente un episode febrile a 39,5 °C, associe le lendemain a des douleurs abdominales, une anorexie et une diarrhee. Un traitement antipyretique et antibiotique (Claramid®) est commence. Quatre jours apres, une eruption maculeuse apparait sur le visage, la paume des mains et la bouche. Au huitieme [...]
Determinants of gas exchange during extracorporeal CO2 removal using a novel pump-driven venovenous gas exchange system in a minimally invasive setting (2015)

Pump-driven venovenous extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2-R) increasingly takes root in hypercapnic lung failure to minimize ventilation invasiveness or to avoid intubation. A recently developed miniaturized device consisting of a centrifugal pump and a membrane ventilator (iLA Activve®; Novalung, Germany) allows effective decarboxylation via a jugular double lumen cannula. So far no data on gas exchange in this setting exist to date.
Supplementary Figure 9 from Proteasome Inhibition Causes Regression of Leukemia and Abrogates BCR-ABL–Induced Evasion of Apoptosis in Part through Regulation of Forkhead Tumor Suppressors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 9 from Proteasome Inhibition Causes Regression of Leukemia and Abrogates BCR-ABL–Induced Evasion of Apoptosis in Part through Regulation of Forkhead Tumor Suppressors
A Parallel Optical Screen for the Rapid Combinatorial Electrochromic Analysis of Electrochemical Materials (2006)

A high-throughput optical screen designed to reduce costs and accelerate the screening of libraries of electroactive materials, in particular fuel-cell electrocatalysts and battery materials, is presented. The methodology uses an electrochromic film as a counter electrode, and makes use of spatially varying color change across this screening counter electrode as differing amounts of charge are passed across the array during a test reaction (see figure).
Electrophoretic Deposition of Nano- and Micron-Sized Ba2SiO4:Eu2+Phosphor Particles (2014)

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a technique to deposit charged particles from a stable suspension under the force of an applied electric field. Although nanoparticles of a variety of materials have been coated by EPD, there have been few direct comparisons of EPD of nano- and micron-sized particles of the same material. The objective of this study is to compare EPD of nano-, nano core/SiO2 shell and micron-sized (Ba0.97Eu0.03)2SiO4 phosphor particles for application in a near-UV LED-based light source. EPD from an amyl alcohol bath was able to produce uniform films for all particle sizes, whereas uniform films were produced only of micron-sized particles in an isopropyl alcohol bath. A new equation was developed for predicting the deposited mass, considering the change in concentration of particles in the bath from both settling and deposition, showed good agreement with the experimental values.
Selectively oxidized GaAs MESFETs transferred to a Si substrate (1997)

A novel method to electrically isolate grafted integrated GaAs devices from a conductive host substrate is demonstrated. An array of GaAs MESFETs is fabricated on a GaAs substrate and transferred to a Si substrate using a substrate removal process. The MESFETs contain a buried oxide layer under the channel region of each transistor that is formed by the thermal oxidation of AlAs. The purpose of this oxide layer is to provide electrical isolation from the conductive host substrate. Electrical evaluations are performed that show the transistors are fully functional after the oxidation and transfer processes and that the buried oxide does provide electrical isolation from the conductive host substrate.
Integrative analysis of cancer‐related data using CAP (2004)

The development of human cancer is a highly complex process and can be considered the result of several combined events, such as genetic alterations, disturbance of signal transduction, or failure of immunological surveillance. Cancer-related databases usually focus on specific fields of research, e.g., cancer genetics or cancer immunology, whereas the complexity of cancer genesis requires an integrated analysis of heterogeneous data from several sources. Here we present the cancer-associated protein database (CAP), a novel analysis system for cancer-related data. CAP integrates data from multiple external databases, augments these data with functional annotations, and offers tools for statistical analysis of these data. We have employed CAP to analyze genes that have been found to cause an autoimmune response in cancer. In particular, we explored the connection between the autoimmune response, mutations, and overexpression of these genes. Our preliminary results suggest that mutations are not significant contributors to raising an antibody response against tumor antigens, whereas overexpression seems to play a more important role. We hereby demonstrate how different types of data can be integrated and analyzed successfully, providing interesting results. As the amount of available data is growing rapidly, a combined analysis will play an important role in exploring the genetic and immunological basis of cancer. CAP is freely available at the following web site: http://www.bioinf.uni-sb.de/CAP/.
A study of the kinematics, dynamics and control algorithms for a centrifuge motion simulator (2005)

Studies the kinematics, dynamics and control algorithms for a centrifuge motion simulator. The centrifuge is modeled as a three revolute joint manipulator. Various approaches for solving the joint velocities and joint accelerations are studied with the prescribed trajectory at the end effector (of the pilot) specified a priori. The authors then establish the dynamic model for the centrifuge. In order to command the end effector (or the seat in the centrifuge) to follow the prescribed trajectory, various optimal control algorithms are studied and control laws based on the concepts of feedback linearization are derived for the motion control of the centrifuge. Simulations of trajectory control based on these control laws are performed.
Riding the Waves Towards Generic Single-Cycle Masking in Hardware (2022)

Research on the design of masked cryptographic hardware circuits in the past has mostly focused on reducing area and randomness requirements. However, many embedded devices like smart cards and IoT nodes also need to meet certain performance criteria, which is why the latency of masked hardware circuits also represents an important metric for many practical applications.The root cause of latency in masked hardware circuits is the need for additional register stages that synchronize the propagation of shares. Otherwise, glitches would violate the basic assumptions of the used masking scheme. This issue can be addressed to some extent, e.g., by using lightweight cryptographic algorithms with low-degree Sboxes, however, many applications still require the usage of schemes with higher-degree S-boxes like AES. Several recent works have already proposed solutions that help reduce this latency yet they either come with noticeably increased area/randomness requirements, limitations on masking orders, or specific assumptions on the general architecture of the crypto core.In this work, we introduce a generic and efficient method for designing single-cycle glitch-resistant (higher-order) masked hardware of cryptographic S-boxes. We refer to this technique as (generic) Self-Synchronized Masking (“SESYM”). The main idea of our approach is to replace register stages with a partial dual-rail encoding of masked signals that ensures synchronization within the circuit. More concretely, we show that WDDL gates and Muller C-elements can be used in combination with standard masking schemes to design single-cycle S-box circuits that, especially in case of higher-degree S-boxes, have noticeably lower requirements in terms of area and online randomness. We apply our method to DOM-based S-boxes of Ascon and AES and compare the resulting circuits to existing latency optimized circuits based on TI, GLM, and LMDPL. The latency of all three designs is reduced to single-cycle operation and are dth-order secure. Compared to GLM-masked Ascon, our approach comes with a 6.4 times reduction in online randomness for all protection orders. Compared to 1st-order LMDPL-masked AES, our approach achieves comparable results, while it is more generic, amongst others, by also supporting higher-order designs. We also underline the practical protection of our constructions against power analysis attacks via empirical and formal verification approaches.
Interacting with location-based multimedia using sketches (2010)

We propose a set of sketch-based interaction techniques for efficient retrieval of multimedia related to locations. The user makes a simple sketch on a map to interact with it, instead of using the existing techniques based on clicking, dragging and rotating the mouse wheel. The interface analyzes and interprets these sketches, and displays results accordingly. We demonstrate how the proposed techniques can be expanded to create systems that retrieve location-based multimedia such as maps, images, GPS traces and dynamically rendered travel video. The results of user studies demonstrate that the proposed interaction techniques are intuitive and easy to learn. They also speed up retrieval by approximately 10 to 33%.