gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Trade-offs of an Interferometric Micro-g Resolution Accelerometer (2006)

A high resolution bulk micromachined accelerometer based on transmission-type intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer has been experimentally evaluated via direct inertial characterization for the first time. The device characterization includes frequency and time domain evaluation. The sensor characteristics of bandwidth, range, sensitivity, and resolution are obtained and the trade-offs between these performance characteristics are examined. The sensor performance, which approaches its theoretical limit with a maximum resolution of 2.9 mug is obtained, demonstrating inertial navigation grade performance.
Interaction characteristics in different applictions of ink-jet printing (2005)

The focus of this Nordic R&D project on Innovative development of ink-jet technology funded by Nordic Industrial Fund was on developing a normative specification and documentation of adequate mea ...
Technology and design challenges for low power and high performance [microprocessors] (2003)

We discuss key barriers to continued scaling of supply voltage and technology for microprocessors to achieve low-power and high-performance. In particular, we focus on short-channel effects, device parameter variations, excessive subthreshold and gate oxide leakage, as the main obstacles dictated by fundamental device physics. Functionality of special circuits in the presence of high leakage, SRAM cell stability, bit line delay scaling, and power consumption in clocks and interconnects, will be the primary design challenges in the future. Soft error rate control and power delivery pose additional challenges. All of these problems are further compounded by the rapidly escalating complexity of microprocessor designs. The excessive leakage problem is particularly severe for battery-operated, high-performance microprocessors.
Interactions of the RNA polymerase of bacteriophage T7 with its promoter during binding and initiation of transcription. (1986)

Promoters for T7 RNA polymerase have a highly conserved sequence of 23 continuous base pairs located at position -17 to +6 relative to the initiation site for the RNA. The complex of T7 RNA polymerase with the phage phi 10 promoter has been visualized indirectly by exploiting the ability of the polymerase to protect DNA sequences from cleavage by methidiumpropyl-EDTA X Fe(II). The DNA contacts made by T7 RNA polymerase have been mapped during binding and during the subsequent initiation of transcription. The RNA polymerase alone protects 19 bases in a region from -21 to -3. Synthesis of the trinucleotide r(GGG) expands the length of the sequence protected by the RNA polymerase and stabilizes the complex; 29 bases (-21 to +8) are protected, and the observed equilibrium association constant of the r(GGG) complex is 5 X 10(5) M-1. The formation of a hexanucleotide mRNA, r(GGGAGA), further extends the protected region; 32 bases (-21 to +11) are protected. Finally, the synthesis of a pentadecanucleotide mRNA leads to a translocation of the region protected by the protein; the sequence now protected is reduced to 24 bases (-4 to +20).
Demarcation of Sepsis-Induced Peripheral and Central Acidosis with pH (Low) Insertion Cycle Peptide (2020)

Acidosis is a key driver for many diseases, including cancer, sepsis, and stroke. The spatiotemporal dynamics of dysregulated pH across disease remain elusive, and current diagnostic strategies do not provide localization of pH alterations. We sought to explore if PET imaging using hydrophobic cyclic peptides that partition into the cellular membrane at low extracellular pH (denoted as pH [low] insertion cycles, or pHLIC) can permit accurate in vivo visualization of acidosis. <b>Methods:</b> Acid-sensitive cyclic peptide c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] pHLIC was conjugated to bifunctional maleimide-NO2A and radiolabeled with <sup>64</sup>Cu (half-life, 12.7 h). C57BL/6J mice were administered lipopolysaccharide (15 mg/kg) or saline (vehicle) and serially imaged with [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] over 24 h. Ex vivo autoradiography was performed on resected brain slices and subsequently stained with cresyl violet to enable high-resolution spatial analysis of tracer accumulation. A non-pH-sensitive cell-penetrating control peptide (c[R<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C]) was used to confirm specificity of [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C]. CD11b (macrophage/microglia) and TMEM119 (microglia) immunostaining was performed to correlate extent of neuroinflammation with [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] PET signal. <b>Results:</b> [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] radiochemical yield and purity were more than 95% and more than 99%, respectively, with molar activity of more than 0.925 MBq/nmol. Significantly increased [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] uptake was observed in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice (vs. vehicle) within peripheral tissues, including blood, lungs, liver, and small intestines (<i>P</i> < 0.001-0.05). Additionally, there was significantly increased [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] uptake in the brains of lipopolysaccharide-treated animals. Autoradiography confirmed increased uptake in the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice (vs. vehicle). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed microglial or macrophage infiltration, suggesting activation in brain regions containing increased tracer uptake. [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[R<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] demonstrated significantly reduced uptake in the brain and periphery of lipopolysaccharide mice compared with the acid-mediated [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-c[E<sub>4</sub>W<sub>5</sub>C] tracer. <b>Conclusion:</b> Here, we demonstrate that a pH-sensitive PET tracer specifically detects acidosis in regions associated with sepsis-driven proinflammatory responses. This study suggests that [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-pHLIC is a valuable tool to noninvasively assess acidosis associated with both central and peripheral innate immune activation.
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in Hong Kong Chinese: a population study using proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transient elastography (2011)

NAFLD is found in over a quarter of the general adult Chinese population, but the proportion of patients with advanced fibrosis is low. Modest alcohol consumption does not increase the risk of fatty liver or liver fibrosis.
Editorial Comment (2019)

No AccessJournal of UrologyNew Technology and Techniques1 Jul 2019Editorial CommentThis article comments on the following:Efficacy and Safety of Complete Intraureteral Stent Placement versus Conventional Stent Placement in Relieving Ureteral Stent Related Symptoms: A Randomized, Prospective, Single Blind, Multicenter Clinical Trial Russell S. Terry and Glenn M. Preminger Russell S. TerryRussell S. Terry Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Durham, North Carolina More articles by this author and Glenn M. PremingerGlenn M. Preminger Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Durham, North Carolina More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.JU.0000558168.69261.3aAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 202(1), p. 170 Reference 1. : Surgical management of stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART I. J Urol 2016; 196: 1153. Link, Google Scholar © 2019 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesJournal of Urology7 Jun 2019Efficacy and Safety of Complete Intraureteral Stent Placement versus Conventional Stent Placement in Relieving Ureteral Stent Related Symptoms: A Randomized, Prospective, Single Blind, Multicenter Clinical Trial Volume 202Issue 1July 2019Page: 170-170 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2019 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Russell S. Terry Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Durham, North Carolina More articles by this author Glenn M. Preminger Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Durham, North Carolina More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Motion planning and dynamic control of a linked manipulator using modified magnetic fields (2002)

A modified magnetic field (MMF) has been used for the generation of robot motion plans of a linked manipulator such as a robot arm, in a complex workspace while veering around enclosing obstacle walls. The MMF method ensures global convergence and collision constraint satisfaction while allowing the application of this method as an online plan generation and control technique in both Cartesian and configuration spaces. Methods for using the MMF to perform both the planning and dynamic control of a robot arm around obstacles and singular configurations are developed in this paper and results shown for a specific workspace configuration.
Identification of Widespread Antibiotic Exposure in Patients With Cholera Correlates With Clinically Relevant Microbiota Changes (2019)

These findings suggest that there may be no true negative control group when attempting to account for antibiotic exposure in settings like those in this study.
Spiro[4,4]nonatetraene and spiro[4,4]nona-1,3,7-triene (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpiro[4,4]nonatetraene and spiro[4,4]nona-1,3,7-trieneM. F. Semmelhack, J. S. Foos, and S. KatzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 24, 8637–8638Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00779a088RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (275 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Control of Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads Using Adaptive Blowing (2014)

Adaptive slot blowing was experimentally investigated on a NACA 0018 airfoil model as a method to minimize unsteady aerodynamic loads. Tests were conducted in a wind tunnel facility specifically designed to facilitate high amplitude wind speed fluctuations. Initially, the effect of steady blowing from a control slot located near the leading-edge was investigated under quasistatic conditions. At Reynolds numbers ranging from 1.5·10 to 5·10, a relative change in lift of ∆cl ≈ 0.5 was obtained over a wide range of angles of attack. Various dynamic test cases including a pitching motion, a sinusoidal variation of the wind tunnel speed and a combination of both were considered. The formation of the dynamic stall vortex was suppressed with blowing at moderate momentum coefficients. Dynamically adapting the momentum coefficient effectively counteracted the lift fluctuations resulting from the unsteady inflow conditions and virtually constant lift was obtained in all test cases. Furthermore, control significantly reduced the moment excursions in all dynamic pitching experiments.
The effect of stem material and surface treatment on the torsional stability at the metal–cement interface of upper limb joint replacement systems (2014)

Stem surface treatment and material are two design factors that may affect the onset of implant loosening. For upper limb applications, no known in vitro studies have addressed the role of these two factors on cemented implant stability. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the torsional stability of cemented titanium and cobalt chrome stems with varying surface treatments in vitro. Thirty implant stems of circular cross-section (Ø = 8mm) were machined from cobalt chrome (n = 15) and titanium (n = 15). For each type, stems were subdivided into three groups for application of clinically relevant surface treatments: smooth, sintered beads, or plasma spray. Stems were potted in bone cement, allowed 24 h to cure, and placed in a materials testing machine. Stems were tested under cyclic torsion (1-30 Nm), using a staircase loading protocol. Failure was defined as either the first rapid increase in stem rotation without resistance, or attaining a maximum torque of 30 Nm. Implant stems with non-smooth surfaces offered greater resistance to torsion (p < 0.05), with the plasma spray treatment outlasting the beaded and smooth stems (p < 0.05). Titanium offered superior interface strength (p < 0.05) but reduced resistance to motion (p < 0.05) when compared to cobalt chrome. Therefore, these design features should be considered during upper limb implant design.
Structure-based design of novel P2-P4 macrocyclic inhibitors of hepatitis C NS3/4A protease (2010)

Approximately 170 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a (+)-strand RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family, which is spread primarily by direct contact with human blood. HCV causes chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. At present, HCV is a leading cause of death in HIV co-infected patients and is the most common indication for liver transplantation. In the United States alone, data from death certificates suggest that there are 10,000 to 12,000 deaths annually due to hepatitis C.
Dielectric tuning strategies for flexible display backplane transistors (2013)

Organic, polymer, and oxide-based transistors are among the alternatives to silicon being considered for flexible display pixel circuitry. Carrier mobilities in the semiconductors now exceed those of amorphous silicon, and switching voltages can be below 2 V. In this presentation, we focus on gate dielectrics compatible with these semiconductors. First, we consider polymer dielectrics in which static charge is implanted during device fabrication. Carrier energy levels are markedly and predictably altered by static charge embedded in polystyrene films adjacent to organic semiconductors, and multiple device activities can be obtained from a single device layout using one semiconductor. Second, we describe progress using ionically intercalated solution-processed alumina dielectrics, in which high capacitance is obtained from charge migration through channels in the oxides. The latter dielectrics greatly decrease switching voltages compared to other oxide and polymer dielectrics, and can be used with both organic and oxide semiconductors.
Concise Approach to the “Higher Sugar” Core of the Nucleoside Antibiotic Hikizimycin (I). (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preisach model for the simulation of ferroelectric capacitors (2001)

The emerging ferroelectric technology needs a reliable model for the simulation of the ferroelectric capacitors. This model would play a crucial role in designing new ferroelectric nonvolatile memories. As a main requirement, such a model must allow the calculation of the polarization variations for an arbitrary voltage applied to the ferroelectric. However, in spite of the large efforts made in modeling, most of the existing solutions fail to satisfy the above requirement or lack a minimal physical background. To address these problems, we developed a model based on a ferroelectric interpretation of the Preisach theory of hysteresis. In this articles, we try to elucidate how this theory, initially developed for ferromagnetic particles, can be adapted to the ferroelectric materials, despite the many differences between the two. Because the Preisach theory assumes a distribution of the coercitive voltages, we try to clarify its physical meaning in the case of the ferroelectric materials and propose a methodology to determine this distribution experimentally. To facilitate the implementation of the model, the experimental results are then fitted by an analytic function and the whole bidimensional distribution is calculated using a linear approximation. To evaluate the validity of the model, we performed simulations using the Spectre® circuit simulator and the results are in very good agreement with the measurements for the saturated hysteresis loops. The differences existing for the partial loops are mainly due to the linear approximation used for the Preisach distribution. This model can be successfully used for the design of the real memories.
P-C6 Crystal structure of EndoS, an immunomodulatory endoglycosidase specific for human IgG antibodies. (2014)

In order to evade host immune mechanisms, many bacteria secrete immunomodulatory enzymes. Streptococcus pyogenes, one of the most common human pathogens, secretes a large endoglycosidase, EndoS, which removes carbohydrates in a highly specific manner from IgG antibodies. This modification renders antibodies incapable of eliciting host effector functions through either complement or Fc γ receptors, providing the bacteria with a survival advantage. On account of this antibody-specific modifying activity, EndoS is being developed as a promising injectable therapeutic for autoimmune diseases that rely on autoantibodies. Additionally, EndoS is a key enzyme used in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of homogenously glycosylated antibodies with tailored Fc γ receptor-mediated effector functions. Despite the tremendous utility of this enzyme, the molecular basis of EndoS specificity for, and processing of, IgG antibodies has remained poorly understood. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structure of EndoS and provide a model of its encounter complex with its substrate, the IgG1 Fc domain. We show that EndoS is composed of 5 distinct protein domains arranged in a distinctive V-shaped conformation. Our data suggest that the substrate enters the concave interior of the enzyme structure, is held in place by the carbohydrate binding module, and that concerted conformational changes in both enzyme and substrate are required for subsequent antibody deglycosylation. The EndoS structure presented here provides a framework from which novel endoglycosidases could be engineered for additional clinical and biotechnological applications.
Abnormal cell cycle regulation in primary human uveal melanoma cultures (2004)

Uveal malignant melanoma is the most frequent primary intraocular tumor in adult humans. The cellular events leading to neoplasic transformation of normal uveal melanocytes are not well known when compared to other cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of G1 and G1/S regulatory proteins of the cell cycle in human uveal melanoma (UM) primary cell cultures, since these proteins are common targets in tumor development. Further, freshly established and characterized tumor cells are a better model for in vitro studies when compared to cell lines established long ago. Human primary cell cultures from eight different UM were established, as well as one primary culture from rhesus uveal normal melanocytes (UNM). Primary human UM cultures were characterized by a low establishment and growing rate. From four successful cultures, three showed a high expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p16NK4A, and p27KIP1 with no variations in cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and CDK4. Interestingly, in one of the cultured tumors, tumor suppressor protein retinoblastoma (Rb) did not bind E2F despite the fact that Rb was found in its hypophosphorylated form. No mutations in either RB1 or the Rb-binding pocket of E2F-1 were detected. Furthermore, we identified seven proteins co-immunoprecipitating with Rb in this tumor, including Lamin A/C and six proteins not previously reported to bind Rb: Hsc70, high mobility group protein 1 (HMG-1), hnRPN, glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), EF-1, and EF-2. Our results indicate that the overexpression of cyclins D1/E and CDKIs p16 and p27, together with a deregulation of the Rb/E2F pathway, may be implicated in the development of human UM.
On the prediction of near-field microcontroller emission (2006)

This paper details a predictive approach for the evaluation of the magnetic field radiated by microcontrollers. The simulation is based on the radiation of elementary current dipoles corresponding to the current flowing in supply inductances. A CMOS test chip including six microcontroller cores has been scanned for validation purpose. Preliminary comparison show interesting similarities between measured and simulated scan, which build a valuable link between electrical macro-models and near-field electromagnetic formulations.
Dendritic Cells Endocytose Bacillus anthracis Spores: Implications for Anthrax Pathogenesis (2005)

Phagocytosis of inhaled Bacillus anthracis spores and subsequent trafficking to lymph nodes are decisive events in the progression of inhalational anthrax because they initiate germination and dissemination of spores. Found in high frequency throughout the respiratory track, dendritic cells (DCs) routinely take up foreign particles and migrate to lymph nodes. However, the participation of DCs in phagocytosis and dissemination of spores has not been investigated previously. We found that human DCs readily engulfed fully pathogenic Ames and attenuated B. anthracis spores predominately by coiling phagocytosis. Spores provoked a loss of tissue-retaining chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR5) with a concurrent increase in lymph node homing receptors (CCR7, CD11c) on the membrane of DCs. After spore infection, immature DCs displayed a mature phenotype (CD83(bright), HLA-DR(bright), CD80(bright), CD86(bright), CD40(bright)) and enhanced costimulatory activity. Surprisingly, spores activated the MAPK cascade (ERK, p38) within 30 min and stimulated expression of several inflammatory response genes by 2 h. MAPK signaling was extinguished by 6 h infection, and there was a dramatic reduction of secreted TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 in the absence of DC death. This corresponded temporally with enzymatic cleavage of proximal MAPK signaling proteins (MEK-1, MEK-3, and MAP kinase kinase-4) and may indicate activity of anthrax lethal toxin. Taken together, these results suggest that B. anthracis may exploit DCs to facilitate infection.
Microstructural Characterization of Bonding Interfaces in Aluminum 3003 Blocks Fabricated by Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (2010)

Ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) is a process by which hybrid and near-netshaped products can be manufactured from thin metallic tapes. One of the main concerns of UAM is the development of anisotropic mechanical properties. In this work, the microstructures in the bond regions are characterized with optical and electron microscopy. Recrystallization and grain growth across the interface are proposed as a mechanism for the bond formation. The presence of voids or unbonded areas, which reduce the load-bearing cross section and create a stress intensity factor, is attributed to the transfer of the sonotrode texture to the new foil layer. This results in large peaks and valleys that are not filled in during processing. Tensile testing revealed the weld interface strength was 15% of the bulk foil. Shear tests of the weld interfaces showed almost 50% of the bulk shear strength of the material. Finally, optical microscopy of the fracture surfaces from the tensile tests revealed 34% of the interface area was unbonded.