gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gold–Palladium Core–Shell Nanocrystals with Size and Shape Control Optimized for Catalytic Performance (2012)

Größe, Form und Zusammensetzung sind Parameter beim Design möglichst leistungsfähiger Nanokatalysatoren. Die Schalendicke von Nanokristallen mit Kern-Schale-Strukturen lässt sich einstellen, was eine Kontrolle über die elektronische Struktur und ihre Eigenschaften in der Katalyse ermöglicht. Monodisperse ikosaedrische Au/Pd-Kern/Schale-Nanokristalle (siehe Bild) wurden synthetisiert und für die Oxidation von Benzylalkohol zu Benzaldehyd optimiert. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Differential Regulation of WASP and N-WASP by Cdc42, Rac1, Nck, and PI(4,5)P2 (2007)

The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and neural WASP (N-WASP) are key players in regulating actin cytoskeleton via the Arp2/3 complex. It has been widely reported that the WASP proteins are activated by Rho family small GTPase Cdc42 and that Rac1 acts through SCAR/WAVE proteins. However, a systematic study of the specificity of different GTPases for different Arp2/3 activators has not been conducted. In this study, we have expressed, purified, and characterized completely soluble, highly active, and autoinhibited full-length human WASP and N-WASP from mammalian cells. We show a novel N-WASP activation by Rho family small GTPase Rac1. This GTPase exclusively stimulates N-WASP and has no effects on WASP. Rac1 is a significantly more potent N-WASP activator than Cdc42. In contrast, Cdc42 is a more effective activator of WASP than N-WASP. Lipid vesicles containing PIP2 significantly improve actin nucleation by the Arp2/3 complex and N-WASP in the presence of Rac1 or Cdc42. PIP2 vesicles have no effect on WASP activity alone. Moreover, the inhibition of WASP-stimulated actin nucleation in the presence of Cdc42 and PIP2 vesicles has been observed. We found that adaptor proteins Nck1 or Nck2 are the most potent WASP and N-WASP activators with distinct effects on the WASP family members. Our in vitro data demonstrates differential regulation of full-length WASP and N-WASP by cellular activators that highlights fundamental differences of response at the protein-protein level.
A Small Molecule – Protein Hybrid for Voltage Imaging via Quenching of Bioluminescence (2020)

We report a small molecule enzyme pair for optical voltage sensing via quenching of bioluminescence. This Quenching Bioluminescent Voltage Indicator, or Q-BOLT, pairs the dark absorbing, voltage-sensitive dipicrylamine with membrane-localized bioluminescence from the luciferase NanoLuc (NLuc). As a result, bioluminescence is quenched through resonance energy transfer (QRET) as a function of membrane potential. Fusion of HaloTag to NLuc creates a two-acceptor bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) system when a tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) HaloTag ligand is ligated to HaloTag. In this mode, Q-BOLT is capable of providing direct visualization of changes in membrane potential in live cells via three distinct readouts: change in QRET, BRET, and the ratio between bioluminescence emission and BRET. Q-BOLT can provide up to a 29% change in bioluminescence (ΔBL/BL) and >100% ΔBRET/BRET per 100 mV change in HEK 293T cells, without the need for excitation light. In cardiac monolayers derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), Q-BOLT readily reports on membrane potential oscillations. Q-BOLT is the first example of a hybrid small molecule – protein voltage indicator that does not require excitation light and may be useful in contexts where excitation light is limiting.
Concomitant gastrin and ERBB2 gene amplifications at 17q12-q21 in the intestinal type of gastric cancer (1999)

Our recent studies using comparative genomic hybridization showed that gain or amplification at the 17q12-q21 region is very common in the intestinal type of gastric cancer. Here, we describe a fluorescence in situ hybridization study with gastrin (GAS)-specific and ERBB2-specific probes on ten specimens of gastric carcinoma that, by using comparative genomic hybridization, showed 1) DNA copy number gain or amplification at 17q12-q21, a region known to harbor the GAS and ERBB2 genes (four cases); 2) gain of the entire chromosome 17 (three cases); or 3) normal copy number of chromosome 17 (three cases). GAS and ERBB2 protein expression was studied by Western immunoblotting from gastric cancer cell lines with or without gain at 17q12-q21 as well as a breast cancer cell line with ERBB2 amplification. Our results showed that simultaneous amplification of both GAS and ERBB2 was four- to ninefold in the tumors with the 17q12-q21 amplification. Both genes were amplified in the same nuclei, and the hybridization signals were localized to the same region of the nucleus. Overexpression of GAS and ERBB2 was observed by Western immunoblotting only in the gastric cancer cell line with gain at 17q12-q21. The ERBB2 amplification is also a recurrent change in breast cancer. To investigate whether the GAS amplification is unique in gastric cancer, fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was performed on 40 breast cancer cell lines. The ERBB2 amplification was observed in 11 cell lines, but none of the lines showed the GAS amplification. This indicates that the formation of an amplicon, in which both the GAS and the ERBB2 genes are amplified, might be unique in gastric cancer, especially in its intestinal type, and that simultaneous amplification of both genes is important to the tumorigenesis of intestinal gastric cancer. We demonstrate here for the first time that a gene of a physiological hormone is amplified in tumors that originate from cells that normally secrete the hormone.
A Catalog of Reference Genomes from the Human Microbiome (2010)

The human microbiome refers to the community of microorganisms, including prokaryotes, viruses, and microbial eukaryotes, that populate the human body. The National Institutes of Health launched an initiative that focuses on describing the diversity of microbial species that are associated with health and disease. The first phase of this initiative includes the sequencing of hundreds of microbial reference genomes, coupled to metagenomic sequencing from multiple body sites. Here we present results from an initial reference genome sequencing of 178 microbial genomes. From 547,968 predicted polypeptides that correspond to the gene complement of these strains, previously unidentified ("novel") polypeptides that had both unmasked sequence length greater than 100 amino acids and no BLASTP match to any nonreference entry in the nonredundant subset were defined. This analysis resulted in a set of 30,867 polypeptides, of which 29,987 (approximately 97%) were unique. In addition, this set of microbial genomes allows for approximately 40% of random sequences from the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract to be associated with organisms based on the match criteria used. Insights into pan-genome analysis suggest that we are still far from saturating microbial species genetic data sets. In addition, the associated metrics and standards used by our group for quality assurance are presented.
Mars: Real-time spatio-temporal queries on microblogs (2014)

Mars demonstration exploits the microblogs location information to support a wide variety of important spatio-temporal queries on microblogs. Supported queries include range, nearest-neighbor, and aggregate queries. Mars works under a challenging environment where streams of microblogs are arriving with high arrival rates. Mars distinguishes itself with three novel contributions: (1) Efficient in-memory digestion/expiration techniques that can handle microblogs of high arrival rates up to 64,000 microblog/sec. This also includes highly accurate and efficient hopping-window based aggregation for incoming microblogs keywords. (2) Smart memory optimization and load shedding techniques that adjust in-memory contents based on the expected query load to trade off a significant storage savings with a slight and bounded accuracy loss. (3) Scalable real-time query processing, exploiting Zipf distributed microblogs data for efficient top-k aggregate query processing. In addition, Mars employs a scalable real-time nearest neighbor and range query processing module that employs various pruning techniques so that it serves heavy query workloads in real time. Mars is demonstrated using a stream of real tweets obtained from Twitter firehose with a production query workload obtained from Bing web search. We show that Mars serves incoming queries with an average latency of less than 4 msec and with 99% answer accuracy while saving up to 70% of storage overhead for different query loads.
Major Histocompatibility Complex–Matched Arteries Have Similar Patency to Autologous Arteries in a Mauritian Cynomolgus Macaque Major Histocompatibility Complex–Defined Transplant Model (2019)

Background Arterial bypass and interposition grafts are used routinely across multiple surgical subspecialties. Current options include both autologous and synthetic materials; however, each graft presents specific limitations. Engineering artificial small-diameter arteries with vascular cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells could provide a useful therapeutic solution. Banking induced pluripotent stem cells from rare individuals who are homozygous for human leukocyte antigen alleles has been proposed as a strategy to facilitate economy of scale while reducing the potential for rejection of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived transplanted tissues. Currently, there is no standardized model to study transplantation of small-diameter arteries in major histocompatibility complex-defined backgrounds. Methods and Results In this study, we developed a limb-sparing nonhuman primate model to study arterial allotransplantation in the absence of immunosuppression. Our model was used to compare degrees of major histocompatibility complex matching between arterial grafts and recipient animals with long-term maintenance of patency and function. Unexpectedly, we (1) found that major histocompatibility complex partial haplomatched allografts perform as well as autologous control grafts; (2) detected little long-term immune response in even completely major histocompatibility complex mismatched allografts; and (3) observed that arterial grafts become almost completely replaced over time with recipient cells. Conclusions Given these findings, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived tissue-engineered blood vessels may prove to be promising and customizable grafts for future use by cardiac, vascular, and plastic surgeons.
A new polymorphic probe on chromosome 3p: λLIB37 – 97" (D3S724) (1991)

XLIB37-97" is a 1.0 kb EcoRI fragment isolated from a Charon 2 1A human chromosome 3 library (1). Polymorphism: Both MspI and RsaI digestions of genomic DNA, and hybridization with the probe, detect two-allele polymorphisms: 6.6 kb (Al), 5.8 kb (A2), 2.6 kb (Bi) and 2.3 kb (B2). Frequency: Estimated from 30 unrelated Caucasians. A1: 0.46 B1: 0
Long-term Efficacy of Vedolizumab for Crohn’s Disease (2016)

The clinical benefits of vedolizumab continued with long-term treatment regardless of prior TNF antagonist exposure. Increased dosing frequency might improve outcomes in patients who lose response to conventional 8-weekly dosing.
A multi-standards HDTV video decoder for blu-ray disc standard (2009)

This paper presents an HDTV video decoder core that is able to decode MPEG-2, MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 formats and is fully compatible with the Blu-ray Disc standard. The core has two major features which achieve low-cost hardware implementation for three different standards. First, a novel re-configurable architecture is adopted to realize reduced hardware for three different variable length coding tables. A hybrid architecture that consists of a cell array and coefficients memory is introduced. By considering the trade-off between performance and cost, the cell array can compare a variable number of bits in a flexible manner. Second, a data compression method suitable for all video decoding standards is applied to reduce memory data usage and access bandwidth. A compression syntax based on Run-Level encoding with Exp-Golomb tables is used to achieve both low compression workload and reasonable memory cost. The core is implemented by top-down HDL basis approach, and the circuit volume is 1.5 Mgates with 90 nm CMOS technology and operation clock frequency is 162 MHz for 1080 i at 30 fr/s.
ChemInform Abstract: Confinement of C70 in an Extended Saddle Shaped Nickel(II) Macrocycle. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 5 + 1 Protic Acid Assisted Aza-Pummerer Approach for Synthesis of 4-Chloropiperidines from Homoallylic Amines (2019)

We report that HCl·DMPU induces the formation of (thiomethyl)methyl carbenium ion from DMSO under mild conditions. Homoallylic amines react with this electrophile to generate 4-chloropiperidines in good yields. The method applies to both aromatic and aliphatic amines. The use of HCl·DMPU as both non-nucleophilic base and chloride source constitutes an environmentally benign alternative for piperidine formation. The reaction has a broad substrate scope, and the conditions offer good chemical yields with high functional group tolerance and scalability.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanophase Glass‐Ceramics (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Feasibility Study Into the Reporting of Research Information at a National Level Within the UK Higher Education Sector (2013)

This article presents the key findings of feasibility and scoping study into the reporting of research information at a national level within the United Kingdom, based on Common European Research Information Format (CERIF). The study was carried out by the Jisc-funded UK Research Information Shared Service (UKRISS) project. The reporting of research information to funders and statutory bodies is a major burden on researchers and institutions. The landscape for research reporting in the UK Higher Education sector is complex and fragmented. There is limited harmonization in reporting requests made on institutions and researchers, resulting in duplication of effort and limiting the potential for reuse of the information. The paper describes the current landscape for research reporting in the United Kingdom. The methodology and findings from a study involving interviews with a cross-section of major stakeholders is described. Recommendations for further work in the area are proposed.
Characterization of Calcium Titanate–Magnesium Titanate Eutectic by Scanning Microwave Microscopy (2006)

Microstructure and dielectric properties in a CaTiO 3 (CT)–MgTiO 3 (MT) diffusion couple were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and near‐field scanning microwave microscopy (SMM). Complex microstructures containing Mg 2 TiO 4 (M2T) and MgTi 2 O 5 (MT2) phases as well as eutectic structures of CT–MT and MT2–CT developed during cooling from the melt. Variations in the local dielectric properties observed in SMM images are correlated with the microstructures characterized by SEM/EDS. The SMM characterization clearly distinguished low‐dielectric‐constant MT and high‐dielectric‐constant CT phases. The M2T, MT, and MT2 phases have similar dielectric properties, and were more difficult to distinguish in the SMM. The phase development during melting and solidification, and SMM imaging limitations are discussed.
IDDF2023-ABS-0281 Dynamic changes of enhanced liver fibrosis score improve the accuracy of LSM-HCC score to predict hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis b patients (2023)

<h3>Background</h3> Enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) score is a widely used non-invasive method for liver fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the performance of adding the changes of ELF score three years apart on liver stiffness measurement (LSM)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) score to predict HCC in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients who underwent transient elastography (TE) examinations and were at intermediate or high risk of HCC defined by LSM-HCC score were invited to repeat the examination about three years later. Their serum samples at these two-time points were retrieved to assess the ELF score changes. The primary endpoint was HCC. <h3>Results</h3> There were 445 CHB patients (males: 73.9%; mean age: 52 years) who received two TE examinations. Among them, 252 (56.6%) and 193 (43.4%) patients were at intermediate and high risk of HCC at the beginning, defined by LSM-HCC score, respectively. For 252 patients at intermediate risk defined by LSM-HCC score, patients who had deteriorated or continuous high ELF score (cutoff: 9.8) had the highest cumulative incidence of HCC, which was higher than patients with ELF score regressed from high to low or intermediate and patients with continuous low or intermediate ELF score (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) (IDDF2023-ABS-0281 Figure 1). At a median (IQR) follow-up of 123 (122 – 140) months from the second time point, the corresponding HCC incidence of these three groups were 26.9%, 10.5% and 2.6% (all <i>p</i> values &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Changes in ELF scores three years apart could further stratify the HCC risk in CHB patients at intermediate risk defined by LSM-HCC score.
Cultivation process intensification utilizing a WAVE Bioreactor (TM) for perfusion cell cultures (2013)

Cultivation process intensification utilizing a WAVE Bioreactor (TM) for perfusion cell cultures
Flexible fluid-based encapsulation platform for water-sensitive materials (2023)

The next-generation semiconductors and devices, such as halide perovskites and flexible electronics, are extremely sensitive to water, thus demanding highly effective protection that not only seals out water in all forms (vapor, droplet, and ice), but simultaneously provides mechanical flexibility, durability, transparency, and self-cleaning. Although various solid-state encapsulation methods have been developed, no strategy is available that can fully meet all the above requirements. Here, we report a bioinspired liquid-based encapsulation strategy that offers protection from water without sacrificing the operational properties of the encapsulated materials. Using halide perovskite as a model system, we show that damage to the perovskite from exposure to water is drastically reduced when it is coated by a polymer matrix with infused hydrophobic oil. With a combination of experimental and simulation studies, we elucidated the fundamental transport mechanisms of ultralow water transmission rate that stem from the ability of the infused liquid to fill-in and reduce defects in the coating layer, thus eliminating the low-energy diffusion pathways, and to cause water molecules to diffuse as clusters, which act together as an excellent water permeation barrier. Importantly, the presence of the liquid, as the central component in this encapsulation method provides a unique possibility of reversing the water transport direction; therefore, the lifetime of enclosed water-sensitive materials could be significantly extended via replenishing the hydrophobic oils regularly. We show that the liquid encapsulation platform presented here has high potential in providing not only water protection of the functional device but also flexibility, optical transparency, and self-healing of the coating layer, which are critical for a variety of applications, such as in perovskite solar cells and bioelectronics.
Humidity and autoclave pressure effect on the interfacial shear strength of a microwave cured epoxy-glass fibre composite (1995)

Microwave radiation curing of thermoset composite has been shown to achieve higher strengths and stiffness than conventional thermal curing, due to a higher Interfacial Shear Strength (ISS). Industrial processing of critical composite components requires the application of additional pressure to reduce the final composite void content. The nucleation and growth of voids is dominantly driven by vaporisation of moisture content, which is particularly accelerated in the microwave process, due to the high dielectric constant of water. This paper examines the effect of humidity content and pressure on the Interfacial Shear Strength of a hot curing epoxy/fibre glass composite that was microwave cured. Results indicate that the ISS decreased with higher humidity % for different microwave power settings from 500–75 W. Application of a 8 bar pressure during cure increased the ISS values for all humidity levels significantly. This was attributed to the reduction in the interfacial voids, so that the effective interface between the fibre and matrix is increased.
Determination of the Range of Anoxic Half Saturation Coefficients for Methanol (2011)

Determination of the Range of Anoxic Half Saturation Coefficients for MethanolEfficient use of methanol to improve denitrification depends primarily on reducing the amount that is inevitably lost (bled) from anoxic reactors. At low concentrations the rate of methanol use by methylotrophic bacteria slows down. This results in costly overdose and process pollution issues. The methanol utilization rates under these conditions primarily depend on the Monod half-saturation...Author(s)Viviana TorresImre TakácsRumana RiffatAndrew ShawSudhir MurthySourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 54: Advanced Process ModelingDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2011ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20110101)2011:13L.3234;1-DOI10.2175/193864711802721497Volume / Issue2011 / 13Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)3234 - 3244Copyright2011Word count124Subject keywordsDenitrificationmethanolhalf saturation coefficientKsmethylotrophsgas chromatography
Photovoltaic Devices: High Performance Roll‐to‐Roll Produced Fullerene‐Free Organic Photovoltaic Devices via Temperature‐Controlled Slot Die Coating (Adv. Funct. Mater. 6/2019) (2019)

In article number 1805825, Seok-In Na, Doojin Vak, and co-workers develop hot slot die deposition using a 3D printing platform and the optimized parameters are translated to the roll-to-roll deposition system to produce high performance flexible organic solar cells with a non-fullerene-based formulation. The key approach of this work is heating both the slot die head and the substrate during the deposition process.
ELECTRON COOLING IN THE RECYCLER COOLER (2007)

A 0.1-0.5 A, 4.3 MeV DC electron beam provides cooling of 8 GeV antiprotons in Fermilab's Recycler storage ring.The most detailed information about the cooling properties of the electron beam comes from drag rate measurements.We find that the measured drag rate can significantly differ from the cooling force experienced by a single antiproton because the area of effective cooling is significantly smaller than the physical size of the electron beam and is comparable with the size of the antiproton beam used as a probe.Modeling by the BETACOOL code supports the conclusion about a large radial gradient of transverse velocities in the presently used electron beam.