gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CF102 an A3 adenosine receptor agonist mediates anti‐tumor and anti‐inflammatory effects in the liver (2010)

The Gi protein-associated A(3) adenosine receptor (A(3) AR) is a member of the adenosine receptor family. Selective agonists at the A(3) AR, such as CF101 and CF102 were found to induce anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. In this study, we examined the differential effect of CF102 in pathological conditions of the liver. The anti-inflammatory protective effect of CF101 was tested in a model of liver inflammation induced by Concanavalin A (Con. A) and the anti-cancer effect of CF102 was examined in vitro and in a xenograft animal model utilizing Hep-3B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The mechanism of action was explored by following the expression levels of key signaling proteins in the inflamed and tumor liver tissues, utilizing Western blot (WB) analysis. In the liver inflammation model, CF102 (100 µg/kg) markedly reduced the secretion of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in comparison to the vehicle-treated group. Mechanistically, CF102 treatment decreased the expression level of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β, NF-κB, and TNF-α and prevented apoptosis in the liver. This was demonstrated by decreased expression levels of Fas receptor (FasR) and of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad in liver tissues. In addition, CF102-induced apoptosis of Hep-3B cells both in vitro and in vivo via de-regulation of the PI3K-NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Taken together, CF102 acts as a protective agent in liver inflammation and inhibits HCC tumor growth. These results suggest that CF102 through its differential effect is a potential drug candidate to treat various pathological liver conditions.
Impact of frequency deviations protection functions (2009)

Before 2003 blackout, protection engineers didn't pay much attention to this phenomenon; it was not even part of relay acceptance testing. However, multiple nuisance trips during this blackout, forced system operators to look at this problem and re-evaluate relay performance for such conditions. In fact, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) has appealed to the IEEE Power System Relaying Committee to evaluate system relay protection response to off-nominal frequency conditions and come up with a report and recommendations to avoid misoperations during major system disturbances. As it was demonstrated in this paper, practically all protection elements are impacted by off-nominal frequency conditions, some to a greater extent than others. This paper has explained how the microprocessor relay adjusts sampling frequency to the system frequency to minimize errors. It also has given some insights to the protection engineer on how to test in order to evaluate a particular relay response during such conditions. The potential Impact on major protection functions was revealed. It is clear that different relay designs may be more or less vulnerable to off-nominal frequency conditions.
A new approach towards the Debye length challenge for specific and label-free biological sensing based on field-effect transistors (2022)

Biologically-modified field-effect transistors (BioFETs) are promising platforms for specific and label-free biosensing due to their sub-micron footprint suitable for multiplexing in ultra-small samples, low noise levels, inherent amplification, <i>etc</i>. Debye screening length is a well-recognized challenge for any BioFET-based technology. The screening length is the smallest at the double layer, where the solution ion population is higher than the bulk population. One way to address the small double layer screening length is to electrostatically modify the potential drop across the solution such as to minimize the potential drop over the double layer. This will decrease the population of the double layer ions and increase the screening length. However, this is not possible with BioFETs as voltage application to the reference electrode simultaneously affects both the double layer and the BioFET conducting channel. The current study addresses the screening length challenge with the novel Meta-Nano-Channel (MNC) BioFET. The MNC BioFET, which is fabricated in a complementary-metal-oxide-silicon (CMOS) process, allows decoupling of the electrostatics of the double layer from the electrodynamics of the conducting channel. The study explores the mechanism of sensing with the MNC BioFET, and demonstrates how the double layer can be electrostatically tuned in order to optimize the screening length without affecting the conducting channel. Finally, specific and label-free sensing of 10 ng ml<sup>-1</sup> prostate specific antigen (PSA) is demonstrated. It is shown that by electrostatically increasing the double layer screening length, the sensing signal increases from 70 mV to 133 mV.
New metal organic framework structures based on 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate ligands and Zn2+ ions (2011)

Structural characteristics and adsorption properties of new heteroaromatic framework structures based on Zn2+ ions and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate ligands are investigated. A comparative study of the aromatic framework structure MOF-5 based on Zn4O clusters and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate ligands is also performed in order to reveal the effect of the nature of the organic fragment.
Optical quasi-three-dimensional correlation (2002)

A novel optical correlator for three-dimensional (3-D) object recognition is proposed herein. Several projections of a 3-D scene are recorded under white light illumination and fused into a single complex two-dimensional function. After properly filtering this function, it is then coded into a computer-generated hologram (CGH). When the CGH is coherently illuminated, a correlation space between the 3-D tested scene and the reference function is reconstructed, in which light peaks indicate on the existences and locations of true targets in the observed 3-D scene. Experimental results are presented.
Federated PKI Authentication in Computing Grids (2011)

One of the most successful working examples of virtual organizations, computational Grids need authentication mechanisms that inter-operate across domain boundaries. Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) provide sufficient flexibility to allow resource managers to securely grant access to their systems in such distributed environments. However, as PKIs grow and services are added to enhance both security and usability, users and applications must struggle to discover available resources-particularly when the Certification Authority (CA) is alien to the relying party. This chapter presents a successful story about how to overcome these limitations by deploying the PKI Resource Query Protocol (PRQP) into the grid security architecture. We also discuss the future of Grid authentication by introducing the Public Key System (PKS) and its key features to support federated identities.
Bacteriorhodopsin: a natural (nonlinear) photonic bandgap material (2000)

The angular dependence of the hyper-Rayleigh scattered light intensity from a suspension of bacteriorhodopsin has been analyzed. The observation calls for combination of the second-order nonlinear hyperpolarizability of the retinal chromophore with the linear refractive index of the apo-protein matrix. The structuring of the small nonlinear chromophore in the large linear matrix imparts properties of a photonic bandgap to bacteriorhodopsin.
The Influence of Blend Morphology (Co‐Continuous or Sub‐Micrometer Droplets Dispersions) on the Nucleation and Crystallization Kinetics of Double Crystalline Polyethylene/Polyamide Blends Prepared by Reactive Extrusion (2011)

Abstract Reactive blending of functionalized polyethylenes (PE) and polyamides (PA) is performed by carefully choosing extrusion conditions and polymeric materials in order to obtain two types of stable morphologies. The first blend type yields a co‐continuous morphology and the second type a dispersion of sub‐micron droplets of the PA phase in a PE matrix. The crystallization kinetics of the PA change from a sigmoidal classical type (for the co‐continuous blend) to first‐order kinetics in the case of the sub‐micron PA droplets. The results demonstrate an intimate relationship between blend morphology and nucleation and crystallization kinetics of the blend components. magnified image
Slab components in the Mariana arc: Light, heavy and novel (2009)

Early intervention using a behavioral medicine rehabilitation approach may enhance recovery and reduce chronic pain and disability in patients with first-onset, subacute LBP. Effects are stronger for participants attending all 4 sessions and the follow-up assessment.
Convection-enhanced delivery of sorafenib and suppression of tumor progression in a murine model of brain melanoma through the inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (2015)

OBJECT Despite recent advances, metastatic melanoma remains a terminal disease, in which life-threatening brain metastasis occurs in approximately half of patients. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor that induces apoptosis of melanoma cells in vitro. However, systemic administration has been ineffective because adequate tissue concentrations cannot be achieved. This study investigated if convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of sorafenib would enhance tumor control and survival via inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) pathway in a murine model of metastatic brain melanoma. METHODS Melanoma cells treated with sorafenib in vitro were examined for signaling and survival changes. The effect of sorafenib given by CED was assessed by bioluminescent imaging and animal survival. RESULTS The results showed that sorafenib induced cell death in the 4 established melanoma cell lines and in 1 primary cultured melanoma cell line. Sorafenib inhibited Stat3 phosphorylation in HTB65, WYC1, and B16 cells. Accordingly, sorafenib treatment also decreased expression of Mcl-1 mRNA in melanoma cell lines. Because sorafenib targets multiple pathways, the present study demonstrated the contribution of the Stat3 pathway by showing that mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) Stat3 +/+ cells were significantly more sensitive to sorafenib than MEF Stat3 -/- cells. In the murine model of melanoma brain metastasis used in this study, CED of sorafenib increased survival by 150% in the treatment group compared with animals receiving the vehicle control (p < 0.01). CED of sorafenib also significantly abrogated tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS The data from this study indicate that local delivery of sorafenib effectively controls brain melanoma. These findings validate further investigation of the use of CED to distribute molecularly targeted agents.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Pre-Synthesized Novel Antibiotic Electrospun Nanofibers as an Intracanal Delivery Strategy for Regenerative Endodontics: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2022)

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of pre-synthesized novel antibiotic loaded electrospun nanofibers and compare it with conventional triple antibiotic paste when used in patients with immature necrotic teeth. METHODS: Antibiotic loaded nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning. Thirty-four patients with immature necrotic teeth were included in the study. In the first visit, access cavity preparation was performed to obtain the first bacteriological sample (S1). The canals were thoroughly irrigated using sodium hypochlorite 1.5% and a second sampling was performed (S2). Patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the intracanal medicament used: Modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP) loaded electrospun nanofibers or MTAP paste. At the second appointment, the third samples (S3) were taken. The intracanal bacterial count was determined using the spread plate culture technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphology of the fabricated MTAP loaded electrospun nanofibers. RESULTS: Both MTAP nanofibers and MTAP paste resulted in significant reduction of bacterial count after the irrigation step. MTAP nanofibers resulted in significantly higher percent reduction of bacterial count (p &lt; 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that electrospinning technology can be used to fabricate antibiotic containing nanofibers which can results in enhanced disinfection in regenerative endodontic procedures.
Discovering Packet Structure through Lightweight Hierarchical Clustering (2008)

The complexity of current Internet applications makes understanding network traffic a challenging task. By providing larger-scale aggregates for analysis, unsupervised clustering approaches can greatly aid in the identification of new applications, attacks, and other changes in network usage patterns. In this paper we introduce ADHIC, a new algorithm that clusters similar network traffic together without prior knowledge of protocol structures. Packet similarity is determined through comparisons of substrings within packets at distinguishing offsets. ADHIC is notable in that it 1) produces a hierarchical decomposition of network traffic in the form of a cluster-identifying decision tree, 2) needs only a small fraction of packets to generate the tree, and 3) clusters packets at wire speeds. We find that ADHIC appropriately segregates well-known protocols, clusters together traffic of the same protocol running on multiple ports, and segregates traffic from applications, such as p2p, that do not use standard ports. Potential applications include network performance analysis, real-time alerts of flash crowds or worm activity, and dynamic DoS-resistant bandwidth management. NetADHICT, our implementation of ADHIC, is available for download and is licensed under the GNU GPL license.
<title>Holographic 3D imaging of microstructures</title> (1999)

A volume holographic matched filter is used for three- dimensional imaging of silicon microstructures. The filter is designed by recording a hologram that is matched to the object depth, allowing confocal imaging of the structure. Confocal imaging of micro devices provides the capability to image the performance of the device, which is not possible in scanning- electron-microscopes (SEM). A matched holographic filter can also provide more information about the device than regular confocal imaging. We present a scanned image of a silicon wafer with micro-fabricated trenches.
<title>PACS and teleradiology for on-call support of abdominal imaging</title> (1991)

One aspect of the Georgetown image management and communications system (IMACS or PACS) is a built-in capability to support teleradiology. Unlike many dedicated teleradiology systems, the support of this capability as a part of PACS means that any acquired images are remotely accessible, not just those specifically input for transmission. Over the past one and one-half years, two radiologists (SCH, BSG) in the abdominal imaging division of the department of radiology have been accumulating experience with teleradiology for on-call support of emergency abdominal imaging, chiefly in ultrasound. As of the time of this writing, use of the system during on-call (one of these attending radiologists primarily responsible) or back-up call (the attending responsible for the Fellow on primary call) has resulted in a marked reduction in the number of times one of them has to drive to the hospital at night or over the weekend. Approximately 80% of the time, use of the teleradiology system obviates having to go in to review a case. The remainder of the time, the radiologist has to perform a procedure (e.g., abscess drainage) or a scan (e.g., complex Doppler study) himself. This paper reviews the system used for teleradiology, how it is electronically and operationally integrated with the PACS, the clinical benefits and disadvantages of this use, and radiologist and referring physician acceptance.
A monolithically-integrated chip-to-chip optical link in bulk CMOS (2014)

A silicon-photonic link is monolithically-integrated in a bulk CMOS process for the first time. Deep-trench isolation enables polySi waveguide integration. PolySi resonant detectors remove the need for Ge integration. Split-diode design enables half-rate receivers, mitigating transistor speed limitations. An on-chip feedback loop locks the resonant defect detector to the laser wavelength, combating thermal upset. The 5 m optical link achieves 5 Gb/s at 3 pJ/b electrical and 13 pJ/b optical energy, in 0.18 μm (100 ps FO4) bulk CMOS memory periphery process.
An allelotype of papillary thyroid cancer (1996)

Although papillary carcinoma accounts for approximately 70% of all thyroid cancers, preliminary studies of allelic loss have thus far not identified any areas of chromosomal deletion. We evaluated 30 papillary thyroid carcinomas for chromosomal loss/allelic imbalance by testing at least 2 microsatellite markers from every autosomal arm. Fifteen of the 30 tumors tested exhibited loss of heterozygosity/allelic imbalance (LOH/AI) at one or more loci. Chromosomal arms with frequent LOH/AI included 4q, 5p, 7p and 11p. An average of 1.1 chromosomal arms displayed LOH/AI in each individual tumor. Therefore, 4q, 5p, 7p and, to a lesser extent, 11p display significant LOH/AI in papillary thyroid cancer, which indicates the presence of putative tumor-suppressor gene loci at these chromosomal arms.
Tobacco and Cancer: An American Association for Cancer Research Policy Statement (2010)

The evidence against tobacco use is clear, incontrovertible, and convincing; so is the need for urgent and immediate action to stem the global tide of tobacco-related death and suffering and to improve public health. The American Association for Cancer Research makes an unequivocal call to all who are concerned about public health to take the following immediate steps:Increase the investment in tobacco-related research, commensurate with the enormous toll that tobacco use takes on human health, to provide the scientific evidence to drive the development of effective policies and treatments necessary to dramatically reduce tobacco use and attendant disease. Develop new evidence-based strategies to more effectively prevent the initiation of tobacco use, especially for youth and young adults. Promote the further development of evidence-based treatments for tobacco cessation, including individualized therapies, and ensure coverage of and access to evidence-based behavioral and pharmacological treatments. Develop evidence-based strategies for more effective public communication to prevent, reduce, and eliminate tobacco use and to guide health policies and clinical practice. Develop effective, evidence-based policies to reduce disparities across the tobacco continuum among social groups and developed and developing nations. Implement to the fullest extent existing evidence-based, systems-wide tobacco control programs to prevent initiation and foster cessation. Adapt and implement appropriate approaches to reduce the growing burden of tobacco use in the developing world. Enhance and coordinate surveillance efforts, both in the United States and globally, to monitor tobacco products, tobacco use, and tobacco-related disease, including tobacco use in oncology clinical trials. Establish a comprehensive, science-based regulatory framework to evaluate tobacco products and manufacturers' claims. Promote research that addresses the following: the potential harms of current and new tobacco products; the impact of altering the levels of addictive components in tobacco products; the identification of risk and risk-reduction measures for current and former tobacco users; enhanced early detection methods for tobacco-related cancers; and effective treatments against tobacco-related cancers tailored to the unique effects of tobacco on cancer. Pursue domestic and international economic policies that support tobacco control. Urge the United States to ratify the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Foster global scientific efforts to support the Framework. Work together with stakeholders worldwide, including federal agencies, to develop and implement effective tobacco control strategies and to deter counter-tobacco control efforts by the tobacco industry. Only such concerted global actions by scientists, policymakers, and advocates together can prevent the invidious impact of tobacco, the use of which is cutting wide swathes of death and disease around the world.
Human papillomavirus therapeutic vaccines: targeting viral antigens as immunotherapy for precancerous disease and cancer (2013)

Infections with oncogenic HPV types have the potential to lead to the induction of several types of cancer, notably cervical, vulvar, anal, and head and neck cancer. While prophylactic vaccines are currently available and show high efficacy against the establishment of HPV infection, low rates of initiation and lower rates of completion of the vaccination regimen, as well as the lack of an opportunity to be vaccinated prior to infection, has lead to the development of a patient population for whom no immune-based therapy for infection is available. In the current review the authors examine clinical approaches to HPV-targeted immune therapies, the bulk of which target the regulatory proteins E6 and E7 that are constitutively expressed in HPV-associated cancer cells. Early studies demonstrate a correlation between induction of T-cell responses and clearance of HPV-associated precancerous lesions. The clinical data corroborates these findings and highlight the importance of Th1 skewing. Improvements in our understanding of tumor immunology and development of more potent Th1-directed vaccine platforms make it feasible to foresee a HPV therapeutic vaccine in the coming years.
The parcellation of the cingulate cortex changes when at rest and during active tasks: a meta-analytic and experimental study (2012)

Anatomical, morphological, and histological data have consistently shown that the cingulate cortex can be divided into four main regions. However, less is known about parcellations of the cingulate cortex when involved in active tasks. Here, we aimed at comparing how the pattern of clusterization of the cingulate cortex changes across different levels of task complexity. We parcellated the cingulate cortex using the results of a meta-analytic study and of three experimental studies. The experimental studies, which included two active tasks and a resting state protocol, were used to control the results obtained with the meta-analytic parcellation. We explored the meta-analytic parcellation by applying a meta-analytic clustering (MaC) to papers retrieved from the BrainMap database. The MaC is a meta-analytic connectivity driven parcellation technique recently developed by our group which allowed us to parcellate the cingulate cortex on the basis of its pattern of co-activations during active tasks. The MaC results indicated that the cingulate cortex can be parcellated into three clusters. These clusters covered different percentages of the cingulate parenchyma and had a different density of foci, with the first cluster being more densely connected. The control experiments showed different clusterization results, suggesting that the co-activations of the cingulate cortex are highly dependent on the task that is tested. Our results highlight the importance of the cingulate cortex as a hub, which modifies its pattern of co-activations depending on the task requests and on the level of task complexity. The neurobiological meaning of these results is discussed.