gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image denoising using fractal- and wavelet-based methods (2004)

There is a considerable amount of literature about image denoising using wavelet-based methods. Some new ideas where also reported using fractal methods. In this paper we propose a hybrid wavelet-fractal denoising method. Using a non-subsampled overcomplete wavelet transform we present the image as a collection of translation invariant copies in different frequency subbands. Within this multiple representation we do a fractal coding which tries to approximate a noise free image. The inverse wavelet transform of the fractal collage leads to the denoised image. Our results are comparable to some of the most efficient known denoising methods.
Viscoelastic optical nonlocality of low-loss epsilon-near-zero nanofilms (2018)

Optical nonlocalities are elusive and hardly observable in traditional plasmonic materials like noble and alkali metals. Here we report experimental observation of viscoelastic nonlocalities in the infrared optical response of epsilon-near-zero nanofilms made of low-loss doped cadmium-oxide. The nonlocality is detectable thanks to the low damping rate of conduction electrons and the virtual absence of interband transitions at infrared wavelengths. We describe the motion of conduction electrons using a hydrodynamic model for a viscoelastic fluid, and find excellent agreement with experimental results. The electrons' elasticity blue-shifts the infrared plasmonic resonance associated with the main epsilon-near-zero mode, and triggers the onset of higher-order resonances due to the excitation of electron-pressure modes above the bulk plasma frequency. We also provide evidence of the existence of nonlocal damping, i.e., viscosity, in the motion of optically-excited conduction electrons using a combination of spectroscopic ellipsometry data and predictions based on the viscoelastic hydrodynamic model.
Production of a Discrete, Infectious, Double-stranded DNA by Reverse Transcription in Virions of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (1979)

One of the most unique viral replication schemes is that of the retroviruses (a class that includes the RNA tumor viruses). These viruses synthesize a double-stranded (DS) DNA copy of their single-stranded (SS) RNA genome as the initial event following infection of susceptible cells (see Weinberg 1977). The details of this process—called reverse transcription—are still obscure, but the general outlines have become clear during the last few years.
Reaction of Trimethylchlorosilane in Spin-On Silicalite-1 Zeolite Film (2008)

We present a study on the hydrophobization of spin-on Silicalite-1 zeolite films through silylation with trimethylchlorosilane. Microporous and micro-mesoporous Silicalite-1 films were synthesized by spin coating of suspensions of Silicalite-1 nanozeolite crystallized for different times. Ellipsometric porosimetry with toluene and water adsorbates reveals that silylation decreases the porosity and makes the films hydrophobic. The decrease in porosity depends on the exposed surface area in the pores. Water contact angle measurements confirm the hydrophobicity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the trimethylsilyl groups are chemisorbed selectively on isolated silanols and less on geminal and vicinal silanols due to steric limitations. Time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopy and in situ ellipsometry analysis of the reaction kinetics show that the silylation is a bulk process occurring in the absence of diffusion limitation. Electrical current leakage on films decreases upon silylation. Silylation with trimethylchlorosilane is shown to be an effective hydrophobization method for spin-on Silicalite-1 zeolite films.
Scalable geocast for vehicular networks (poster) (2011)

This paper presents GeoVCom, a robust geocast protocol for vehicular networks. GeoVCom allows a vehicle to send geocast messages to all vehicles in a given geographical area without the sender having any knowledge about which vehicles are present in that area. GeoVCom is ad hoc, scalable and can handle communications under a wide variability of traffic load. We investigate the performance of GeoVCom in both simulation and real world tests using an implementation running on smart phones. Our field deployment and simulation results show that the number of transmissions per geocast message is kept low, significantly outperforming conventional flooding algorithms and at the same time maintaining a high (over 90%) success rate.
Pathophysiological regulation of lung function by the free fatty acid receptor FFA4 (2020)

Increased prevalence of inflammatory airway diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) together with inadequate disease control by current frontline treatments means that there is a need to define therapeutic targets for these conditions. Here, we investigate a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, FFA4, that responds to free circulating fatty acids including dietary omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oils. We show that FFA4, although usually associated with metabolic responses linked with food intake, is expressed in the lung where it is coupled to G<sub>q/11</sub> signaling. Activation of FFA4 by drug-like agonists produced relaxation of murine airway smooth muscle mediated at least in part by the release of the prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) that subsequently acts on EP<sub>2</sub> prostanoid receptors. In normal mice, activation of FFA4 resulted in a decrease in lung resistance. In acute and chronic ozone models of pollution-mediated inflammation and house dust mite and cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory disease, FFA4 agonists acted to reduce airway resistance, a response that was absent in mice lacking expression of FFA4. The expression profile of FFA4 in human lung was similar to that observed in mice, and the response to FFA4/FFA1 agonists similarly mediated human airway smooth muscle relaxation ex vivo. Our study provides evidence that pharmacological targeting of lung FFA4, and possibly combined activation of FFA4 and FFA1, has in vivo efficacy and might have therapeutic value in the treatment of bronchoconstriction associated with inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and COPD.
T-LINC Architecture with Digital Combination and Mismatch Correction in the Receiver (2019)

In this paper a novel outphasing amplification architecture, Transmitted Linear Amplification with Nonlinear Components (T-LINC), is proposed and evaluated. Different from conventional LINC techniques that combine the outphased signals before transmission, the proposed architecture transmits both outphased signals and implements the signal combination in the base-band domain at the receiver side. By digitally combining the signals in the receiver, it is easier to correct gain or phase mismatch existing between the two outphased signals, without adding any extra complexity in the transmitter. Additionally, a power combiner is no longer required in the transmitter. Simulations show that the proposed technique is able to correct transmitter gain and phase imbalance and achieve an ACPR level of -42 dBc and EVM below 2.5 % for 16-QAM signals.
Pt catalytic effects on a resistive oxygen sensor using Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 thick film in rich conditions (2010)

In this study, we investigated the Pt catalyst effects on two structures through loading a Pt catalyst onto a resistive oxygen sensor using Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 thick film. We used (1) Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 thick film with a Pt/alumina layer, and (2) Pt/Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 thick film, in which Pt catalysts were prepared by heating platinum chloride. In the case of sensor structure (1), it became clear that the Pt/alumina layer with a Pt concentration of 40 wt% was the most effective in the Pt/alumina layers fabricated in this study, where R(λ = 0.6)/R(λ = 1.4) was 0.0099, and R(λ = 0.6)/R(λ = 1.4) of the 40 wt% Pt/alumina layer decreased with decreasing temperature. In the case of sensor structure (2), the minimum values of R(λ = 0.6)/R(λ = 1.4) at 600 and 700°C were the same at 0.035. The ultrasonic treatment in the Pt loading process improved R(λ = 0.6)/R(λ = 1.4) to 0.02. The Pt particle size in this study was in a range from 20 to 100 nm because of the high temperature annealing in the Pt loading process.
Enhancing the PLA Crystallization Rate and Mechanical Properties by Melt Blending with Poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) Copolymer (2015)

Poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) copolymer was used to enhance the crystallization ability and mechanical properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) through melt mixing. The thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared results revealed the n–π interaction between PLA and SBS. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the crystallization ability of the PLA improved substantially. The PLA crystallized completely during the cooling process when the SBS content in the blend was above 20 wt.%. The elongation at break and the impact resistance were significantly improved compared with that of neat PLA when the SBS content was above 50 wt.%.
Regulation of subchondral bone osteoblast metabolism by cyclic compression (2011)

Genes involved in subchondral bone sclerosis are mechanosensitive. After compression, nonsclerotic and sclerotic osteoblasts expressed a similar phenotype, suggesting that compression could be responsible for the phenotype changes in OA subchondral osteoblasts.
Quasiprobability decompositions with reduced sampling overhead (2022)

Abstract Quantum error-mitigation techniques can reduce noise on current quantum hardware without the need for fault-tolerant quantum error correction. For instance, the quasiprobability method simulates a noise-free quantum computer using a noisy one, with the caveat of only producing the correct expected values of observables. The cost of this error mitigation technique manifests as a sampling overhead which scales exponentially in the number of corrected gates. In this work, we present an algorithm based on mathematical optimization that aims to choose the quasiprobability decomposition in a noise-aware manner. This directly leads to a significantly lower basis of the sampling overhead compared to existing approaches. A key element of the novel algorithm is a robust quasiprobability method that allows for a tradeoff between an approximation error and the sampling overhead via semidefinite programming.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Anticancer Activity of a Novel Selective CYP17A1 Inhibitor in Preclinical Models of Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4: Supplementary AR degradation studies.&lt;/p&gt;
Electricity load demand time series forecasting with Empirical Mode Decomposition based Random Vector Functional Link network (2016)

Short-term electricity load demand forecasting is a critical process in the management of modern power system. An ensemble method composed of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Random Vector Functional Link network (RVFL) is presented in this paper. Due to the randomly generated weights between input and hidden layers and the close form solution for parameter tuning, RVFL network is a universal approximator with the advantages of fast training. By introducing ensemble approach via EMD into RVFL network, the performance can be significantly improved. Five electricity load demand datasets from Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The attractiveness of the proposed EMD based RVFL network can be demonstrated by the comparison with six benchmark methods.
Optical Properties and Modeling of 2D Perovskite Solar Cells (2017)

The optical constants (complex refractive indices) of 2D (BA)2(MA)m-1PbmI3m+1 (BA = CH3(CH2)3NH3+, MA = CH3NH3+, m = 2, 3, 4, and 5) perovskite thin films at room temperature are investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and compared with those of 3D MAPbI3 (m = ∞). High-frequency dielectric constants (ϵ∞) derived from ellipsometric fitting for the members of the homologous series increase with increasing thickness of perovskite [(MA)m−1PbmI3m+1]2− slab (m), which qualitatively agrees with the results predicted by a simple quantum well model. Using the optical transfer matrix formalism with the knowledge of optical constants, we model the absorption and optimize the 2D perovskite film thickness for planar-structure solar cells. Moreover, a modified drift-diffusion model is proposed to study the effect of charge-carrier generation and recombination. For 2D perovskite solar cells, the model gives suitable estimates of the charge recombination rate constants, which are found to be one order of magnitude larger than that in the 3D parent compound. Solar cells are fabricated by varying the 2D perovskite layer thickness, and the experimental results verify key aspects of our modeling, enabling the optimization of the device design via optical cavity-tuned absorption enhancement, accounting for charge-carrier recombination.
The Effects of Xenopsin on Endocrine Pancreas and Gastric Antrum in Dogs (1978)

Effects of synthetic xenopsin on endocrine pancreas and gastric antrum in anesthetized dogs were studied. Synthetic xenopsin was administered into the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery and plasma insulin, glucagon and gastrin in the superior pancreaticoduodenal vein and gastrin in the right gastroepiploic vein were measured radioimmunologically. Administration of 10 microgram of xenopsin per kg of body weight brought about a hyperglycemic response and rapid and sharp elevations of the hormones in the pancreatic vein. Plasma gastrin level in the gastric vein also showed an immediate and sharp increase following xenopsin administration. Xenopsin appeared more potent inducer of the glucagon. It is concluded that xenopsin acts directly on endocrine pancreas and gastric antrum to secrete their hormones.
Role for Raphe Magnus Neuronal Responses in the Behavioral Reactions to Colorectal Distension (2004)

The brain stem is necessary for the expression of behavioral reactions to noxious visceral inputs. Neurons in raphe magnus (RM) and the adjacent nucleus reticularis magnocellularis (NRMC) respond to visceral stimuli and can facilitate the behavioral reaction to visceral stimulation. To determine which RM and NRMC cells could play a role in generating the reaction to colorectal distension (CRD), the responses of RM and NRMC cells to multiple intensities of CRD were compared with simultaneously evoked cardiovascular and visceromotor reactions in halothane-anesthetized rats. Most neurons (89%) responded to CRD with one of three basic response patterns. For cells with a graded response pattern, the response magnitude increased with increasing stimulation intensity. For flat responding cells, the response magnitude was not different across suprathreshold stimulation intensities. Finally, neurons with a switch response pattern responded to low- and high-intensity CRD in opposing directions. Cells were either inhibited or excited by CRD in each of these categories. Responses of cells with both graded and switch response patterns were significantly correlated with CRD-evoked tachycardia, pressor reaction, and hunching. The activity of graded-responding cells have the greatest predictive value for CRD-evoked reactions. Flat-responding cells have nonlinear responses that may augment reactions to stimuli above the noxious threshold. Cells with switch type response patterns may contribute to differential reactions evoked by CRD stimuli within the noxious range. In sum, RM and NRMC neurons respond to CRD with a variety of patterns, each of which may contribute to the sculpting of CRD reactions in different ways.
Real-time computing with lock-free shared objects (2002)

This paper considers the use of lock-free shared objects within hard real-time systems. As the name suggests, lock-free shared objects are distinguished by the fact that they are not locked. As such, they do not give rise to priority inversions, a key advantage over conventional, lock-based object-sharing approaches. Despite this advantage, it is not immediately apparent that lock-free shared objects can be employed if tasks must adhere to strict timing constraints. In particular, lock-free object implementations permit concurrent operations to interfere with each other, and repeated interferences can cause a given operation to take an arbitrarily long time to complete. The main contribution of this paper is to show that such interferences can be bounded by judicious scheduling. This work pertains to periodic, hard real-time tasks that share lock-free objects on a uniprocessor. In the first part of the paper, scheduling conditions are derived for such tasks, for both static and dynamic priority schemes. Based on these conditions, it is formally shown that lock-free object-sharing approaches can be expected to incur much less overhead than approaches based on wait-free objects or lock-based schemes. In the last part of the paper, this conclusion is validated experimentally through work involving a real time desktop videoconferencing system.
Anterior hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury (2004)

To attain maximal improvement in mental and physical functioning as well as in quality of life for victims of TBI, it is crucial that anterior pituitary hormonal function be assessed. Appropriate hormone replacement therapy for those patients with both TBI and TBI-induced pituitary function impairment could, for the first time, allow treatment and correction of underlying causes of TBI sequelae rather than merely symptomatic treatment.
Aberrant lipogenesis is a metabolic marker for azole-resistant candida albicans (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Candida is the single most important cause of fungal bloodstream infections worldwide causing significant mortality as high as 50%. This high mortality rate is, in part, due to the inability to rapidly diagnose and simultaneously initiate an effective antifungal therapy early in the disease process. Current culture-based diagnostics are often slow, requiring several days to complete, and are only 50% sensitive in diagnosing candidemia (Candida bloodstream infection). For every 12 hours of delay in starting correct antifungal therapy, the risk of death for a given patient with candidemia increases by 200%. To address this unmet need, we explored the potential of employing stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) imaging to diagnose candidemia and probe metabolic differences between resistant and susceptible strain at a single cell level. Metabolism is integral to pathogenicity; microorganism have very short life cycles, and therefore only a few hours are needed to observe a full metabolic cycle. SRS imaging at C-H vibration frequency at 2850 cm-1 revealed a substantial difference in lipogenesis between the susceptible and resistant C. albicans. Treating the C. albicans with fluconazole, an antimicrobial drug that targets ergosterol biosynthesis only affected the lipogenesis in the susceptible strain. Our results show that single-cell metabolic imaging under a SRS microscope can be used for diagnose candidemia and early detection of antimicrobial susceptibility.
Scene Representation Transformer: Geometry-Free Novel View Synthesis Through Set-Latent Scene Representations (2022)

A classical problem in computer vision is to infer a 3D scene representation from few images that can be used to render novel views at interactive rates. Previous work focuses on reconstructing pre-defined 3D representations, e.g. textured meshes, or implicit representations, e.g. radiance fields, and often requires input images with precise camera poses and long processing times for each novel scene. In this work, we propose the Scene Representation Transformer (SRT), a method which processes posed or unposed RGB images of a new area, infers a “set-latent scene representation ”, and synthesises novel views, all in a single feed-forward pass. To calculate the scene representation, we propose a generalization of the Vision Transformer to sets of images, enabling global information integration, and hence 3D reasoning. An efficient decoder transformer parameterizes the light field by attending into the scene representation to render novel views. Learning is supervised end-to-end by minimizing a novel-view reconstruction error. We show that this method outperforms recent baselines in terms of PSNR and speed on synthetic datasets, including a new dataset created for the paper. Further, we demonstrate that SRT scales to support interactive visualization and semantic segmentation of real-world outdoor environments using Street View imagery.
Profit Aware Circuit Design Under Process Variations (2008)

In this paper, a profit-aware design metric is proposed to consider the overall merit of a design in terms of power and performance. A statistical design methodology is then developed to improve the economic merit of a design considering frequency bin- ning and product price profile. A low-complexity sensitivity-based gate sizing algorithm is developed to improve economic gain of a design over its initial yield-optimized design. Finally, we present an integrated design methodology for simultaneous sizing and bin boundary determination to enhance profit under an area constraint. Experiments on a set of ISCAS'85 benchmarks show in average 19% improvement in profit for simultaneous sizing and bin boundary determination, considering both leakage power dissipation and delay bounds compared to a design initially opti- mized for 90% yield at iso-area in 70-nm bulk CMOS technology. Index Terms—Design for profit, frequency-binning, gate-level sizing, leakage power, statistical delay variation.
F5: Advanced RF CMOS transmitter techniques (2015)

Integrated transmitters for mobile applications face increasingly stringent specifications due to increasing modulation bandwidth and dynamic range for higher data-rates and reduced out-of-band emissions and noise for coexistence. Long battery life, low cost and small form factor require high efficiency and large integration levels.
Reply to H.J.A. Adams et al (2020)

We thank Adams and Kwee 1 for their interest in our HD16 trial 2 and their comments. The study in patients with early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) was designed to clarify whether additional involved-field radiotherapy of 20 Gy can be omitted in patients with a negative fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan after 2 cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) without relevant loss of progression-free survival (PFS) and whether a positive PET scan after 2 cycles of ABVD is a risk factor in terms of PFS in these patients.