gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A General Framework for Designing Catadioptric Imaging and Projection Systems (2003)

New vision applications have been made possible and old ones improved through the creation and design of novel catadioptric systems. Critical to the design of catadioptric imaging is determining the shape of one or more mirrors in the system. Almost all the previously designed mirrors for catadioptric systems used case specific tools and considerable effort on the part of the designer. Recently some new general methods have been proposed to automate the design process. However, all the methods presented so far determine the mirror shape by optimizing its geometric properties, such as surface normal orientations. A more principled approach is to determine a mirror that reduces image errors. In this paper we present a method for finding mirror shapes which meet user determined specifications while minimizing image error. We accomplish this by deriving a first order approximation of the image error. This permits us to compute the mirror shape using a linear approach that provides good results efficiently while avoiding the numerical problems associated with non-linear optimization. Since the design of mirrors can also be applied to projection systems, we also provide a method to approximate projection errors in the scene. We demonstrate our approach on various catadioptric systems and show our approach to provide much more accurate imaging characteristics. In some cases we achieved reduction in image error up to 80 percent.
Flexible microelectronics becoming a reality with Suftla transfer technology (2007)

Abstract— Suftla is a technology that is used to transfer polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) thin‐film‐transistor (TFT) circuits from an original glass substrate to a plastic sheet. The electronic devices in the next generation will be thin, lightweight, and will handle huge amounts of data, yet consume less energy. Suftla technology, together with high‐performance polysilicon TFTs, meets all these requirements because we have developed a variety of smart flexible electronic devices, such as thin paperback‐sized displays and microprocessors. Suftla will usher in a new era of life‐enhancing flexible microelectronics.
Cooperative Rate Splitting for MISO Broadcast Channel With User Relaying, and Performance Benefits Over Cooperative NOMA (2019)

Due to its promising performance in a wide range of practical scenarios, Rate-Splitting (RS) has recently received significant attention in academia for the downlink of communication systems. In this letter, we propose and analyse a Cooperative Rate-Splitting (CRS) strategy based on the three-node relay channel where the transmitter is equipped with multiple antennas. By splitting user messages and linearly precoding common and private streams at the transmitter, and opportunistically asking the relaying user to forward its decoded common message, CRS can efficiently cope with a wide range of propagation conditions (disparity of user channel strengths and directions) and compensate for the performance degradation due to deep fading. The precoder design and the resource allocation are optimized by solving the Weighted Sum Rate (WSR) maximization problem. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed CRS scheme can achieve an explicit rate region improvement compared to its non-cooperative counterpart and other cooperative strategies (such as cooperative NOMA).
Increase of Direct C–C Coupling Reaction Yield by Identifying Structural and Electronic Properties of High-Spin Iron Tetra-azamacrocyclic Complexes (2018)

Macrocyclic ligands have been explored extensively as scaffolds for transition metal catalysts for oxygen and hydrogen atom transfer reactions. C-C reactions facilitated using earth abundant metals bound to macrocyclic ligands have not been well-understood but could be a green alternative to replacing the current expensive and toxic precious metal systems most commonly used for these processes. Therefore, the yields from direct Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling of phenylboronic acid and pyrrole to produce 2-phenylpyrrole facilitated by eight high-spin iron complexes ([Fe<sup>3+</sup>L1(Cl)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [Fe<sup>3+</sup>L4(Cl)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [Fe<sup>2+</sup>L5(Cl)]<sup>+</sup>, [Fe<sup>2+</sup>L6(Cl)<sub>2</sub>], [Fe<sup>3+</sup>L7(Cl)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [Fe<sup>3+</sup>L8(Cl)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [Fe<sup>2+</sup>L9(Cl)]<sup>+</sup>, and [Fe<sup>2+</sup>L10(Cl)]<sup>+</sup>) were compared to identify the effect of structural and electronic properties on catalytic efficiency. Specifically, catalyst complexes were compared to evaluate the effect of five properties on catalyst reaction yields: (1) the coordination requirements of the catalyst, (2) redox half-potential of each complex, (3) topological constraint/rigidity, (4) N atom modification(s) increasing oxidative stability of the complex, and (5) geometric parameters. The need for two labile cis-coordination sites was confirmed based on a 42% decrease in catalytic reaction yield observed when complexes containing pentadentate ligands were used in place of complexes with tetradentate ligands. A strong correlation between iron(III/II) redox potential and catalytic reaction yields was also observed, with [Fe<sup>2+</sup>L6(Cl)<sub>2</sub>] providing the highest yield (81%, -405 mV). A Lorentzian fitting of redox potential versus yields predicts that these catalysts can undergo more fine-tuning to further increase yields. Interestingly, the remaining properties explored did not show a direct, strong relationship to catalytic reaction yields. Altogether, these results show that modifications to the ligand scaffold using fundamental concepts of inorganic coordination chemistry can be used to control the catalytic activity of macrocyclic iron complexes by controlling redox chemistry of the iron center. Furthermore, the data provide direction for the design of improved catalysts for this reaction and strategies to understand the impact of a ligand scaffold on catalytic activity of other reactions.
Antibacterial effect of citrus press-cakes dried by high speed and far-infrared radiation drying methods (2012)

In this study, the antibacterial effect was evaluated to determine the benefits of high speed drying (HSD) and far-infrared radiation drying (FIR) compared to the freeze drying (FD) method. Citrus press-cakes (CPCs) are released as a by-product in the citrus processing industry. Previous studies have shown that the HSD and FIR drying methods are much more economical for drying time and mass drying than those of FD, even though FD is the most qualified drying method. The disk diffusion assay was conducted, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined with methanol extracts of the dried CPCs against 11 fish and five food-related pathogenic bacteria. The disk diffusion results indicated that the CPCs dried by HSD, FIR, and FD prevented growth of all tested bacteria almost identically. The MIC and MBC results showed a range from 0.5-8.0 mg/mL and 1.0-16.0 mg/mL respectively. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the extracts changed the morphology of the bacteria cell wall, leading to destruction. These results suggest that CPCs dried by HSD and FIR showed strong antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria and are more useful drying methods than that of the classic FD method in CPCs utilization.
ISO-1, a Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Antagonist, Inhibits Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model of Chronic Asthma (2010)

Airway remodeling is the process of airway structural change that occurs in patients with asthma in response to persistent inflammation and leads to increasing disease severity. Drugs that decrease this persistent inflammation play a crucial role in managing asthma episodes. Mice sensitized (by intraperitoneal administration) and then challenged (by inhalation) with ovalbumin (OVA) develop an extensive eosinophilic inflammatory response, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, airway smooth muscle thickening, and airway wall area increase, similar to pathologies observed in human asthma. We used OVA-sensitized/challenged mice as a murine model of chronic allergic airway inflammation with subepithelial fibrosis (i.e., asthma). In this OVA mouse model, mRNA and protein of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) are upregulated, a response similar to what has been observed in the pathogenesis of acute inflammation in human asthma. We hypothesized that MIF induces transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) synthesis, which has been shown to play an important role in asthma and airway remodeling. To explore the role of MIF in the development of airway remodeling, we evaluated the effects of an MIF small-molecule antagonist, (S,R)3-(4-hy-droxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester (ISO-1), on pathologies associated with the airway-remodeling process in the OVA mouse model. We found that administration of ISO-1 significantly mitigated all symptoms caused by OVA treatment. In addition, the treatment of OVA-sensitized mice with the MIF antagonist ISO-1 significantly reduced TGF-β1 mRNA levels in pulmonary tissue and its protein level in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid supernatants. We believe the repression of MIF in the ISO-1 treatment group led to the significant suppression observed in the inflammatory responses associated with the allergen-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis in our murine asthma (OVA) model. Our results implicate a possible function of MIF in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma and suggest that MIF might be an important therapeutic target for airway remodeling.
Scale-adaptive local intentional surface feature detection (2022)

In this paper, we propose a mesh-based feature detection scheme that focuses on surface features. A class of features of key interest is intentional structures that act as fiducials and that, for instance, can assist in shape retrieval and distortion measurement. We introduce a tunable two-scale depth measurement scheme to quantify the displacement of a vertex from the local surface, which can be a strong indicator of features. We print and scan 3D models with fiducial features appearing across the surface to demonstrate the high fidelity and accuracy of the proposed feature detection scheme. The method outperforms existing 3D feature detection schemes on CAD models and 3D scans alike. We also discuss applications of data embedding enabled by the achievable detection performance.
Parallel Chemical Genetic and Genome-Wide RNAi Screens Identify Cytokinesis Inhibitors and Targets (2004)

Cytokinesis involves temporally and spatially coordinated action of the cell cycle and cytoskeletal and membrane systems to achieve separation of daughter cells. To dissect cytokinesis mechanisms it would be useful to have a complete catalog of the proteins involved, and small molecule tools for specifically inhibiting them with tight temporal control. Finding active small molecules by cell-based screening entails the difficult step of identifying their targets. We performed parallel chemical genetic and genome-wide RNA interference screens in Drosophila cells, identifying 50 small molecule inhibitors of cytokinesis and 214 genes important for cytokinesis, including a new protein in the Aurora B pathway (Borr). By comparing small molecule and RNAi phenotypes, we identified a small molecule that inhibits the Aurora B kinase pathway. Our protein list provides a starting point for systematic dissection of cytokinesis, a direction that will be greatly facilitated by also having diverse small molecule inhibitors, which we have identified. Dissection of the Aurora B pathway, where we found a new gene and a specific small molecule inhibitor, should benefit particularly. Our study shows that parallel RNA interference and small molecule screening is a generally useful approach to identifying active small molecules and their target pathways.
40-Gb/s Widely Tunable Low-Drive-Voltage Electroabsorption-Modulated Transmitters (2007)

We present the first 40-Gb/s widely tunable electroabsorption modulator (EAM)-based transmitters. The sampled-grating Distributed Bragg Reflector (SG-DBR) laser/EAM devices were fabricated using a multiple-band-edge-quantum-well-intermixing (QWI) technique, which requires only simple blanket regrowth and avoids disruption of the axial waveguide. Devices were fabricated from two different multiple quantum well (MQW) active-region designs for direct comparison. The SG-DBR lasers demonstrated 30 nm of tuning with output powers up to 35 mW. The integrated QW EAMs provided 3-dB optical modulation bandwidths in the 35-39 GHz range, low-drive voltage (1.0-1.5 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PtoP</sub> ), and low/negative-chirp operation. Bit-error-rate measurements at 40 Gb/s demonstrated 0.2-1.1 dB of power penalty for transmission through 2.3 km of standard fiber
CHESHIRE: an object-oriented integration of VLSI CAD tools (1987)

We present an approach to the integration of VLSI CAD tools through the uniformization of interactions with design cells at both the user and the program levels. The integration model is based on the concept of objects applied to circuit cells. User interactions are achieved through a desk-top-like graphics interface. Regrouping of related or equivalent cell-objects into tissues represented by a generic cell helps with their management. Late binding of specific version cells then encourages exploration of the design space. To test the integration concept, a data base and tools for symbolic layout were developed.
Topological defects of cholesteric liquid crystals for volumes with spherical shape (1982)

Abstract The existence of the monopoles both with one x (+2) line and two x (+1) lines in cholesteric volumes with spherical shape is shown experimentally by microscopic observations with polarized light. The effect of disapperarnce of x lines near the cholesteric-smectic A transition is discovered.
In Memory of Alexander S. Spirin (2021)

The next two issues of Biochemistry (Moscow) are dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the famous biologist of our
Support for Notifications in CCN (2016)

This draft proposes a new packet primitive called Notification for
CCN. Notification is a PUSH primitive and can be unicast or multicast
to multiple listening points. Notifications do not expect a Content
Object response hence only requires the use of FIB state in the CCN
forwarder. Emulating Notification as a PULL has performance and
forwarding implications. The draft proposes a new fixed header
primitive called Notification and a CCN message encoding using Content
Object primitive to transport Notifications. These discussions are
presented in the context of CCNx1.0 [1] proposal.
Residence Time Distribution in a Channel with Regularly Spaced Inserts and Flow Pulsation (2010)

bei der Kreuzvalidierung einen relativen Fehler <2 % lieferte. Als Modellreaktion wurde die Metalltriflat-katalysierte Friedel-Crafts
Hail Effects on Air-Conditioner Performance (2007)

Experiments demonstrated the effects on air-conditioner system performance resulting from dents in fins of their condenser coils and the extent to which conventional fin repair methods restore performance. Two different, commercially available, split-system, residential-type air-conditioners were tested. Flattening substantial areas of the fins caused a reduction in capacity and efficiency of the cooling systems tested. Performance first dropped appreciably when 60% of the fin areas were pressed flat. Incremental increases in total percentages of areas flattened beyond the first reduction in performance resulted in incremental decreases in capacity and efficiency. Specifically, with 60% of the fin area flattened on one condenser, system capacity decreased 4%; system SEER (efficiency), 9%. With 100% of the fin area flattened, system capacity decreased 27%; system SEER, 34%. Combing dents from the fins after the extreme case where all fins were flattened restored capacity to within 1% of the undented condition and SEER to within 6% of the undented efficiency. Similar results were obtained for the second condenser tested.
Supplemental Figures S1-S11, Datasets 1-3 from AXL Inhibition Sensitizes Mesenchymal Cancer Cells to Antimitotic Drugs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figures S1-S11. Figure S1. AXL and GAS6 expression correlates with a mesenchymal signature. Figure S2. AXL staining in TNBC tissues samples. Figure S3. TGF-ÃŽÂ²-induced EMT is reversible, and TKI resistance upon EMT is not due to drug efflux. Figure S4. AXL inhibitor R428 suppresses GAS6-induced pAXL, downstream signaling and invasion capacity. Figure S5: Inhibition of AXL does not re-sensitize erlotinib-resistant cells. Figure S6: AXL over-expression or inhibition does not alter erlotinib sensitivity in the parental HCC827 cell line. Figure S7: Summary of Bliss scores and activity of MP-470, Erlotinib and Docetaxel (DTX) or combination treatment. Figure S8. R428 synergistically interacts with anti-mitotic agents and not with Doxorubicin or Cisplatin to reduce cell viability. Figure S9. AXL inhibition in combination with anti-mitotic agents promotes mitotic death. Figure S10. Suppression of pAKT, pS6 and pCDC2 following AXL inhibition. Figure S11: AXL knock-down increases p21 expression. Table S1. Mesenchymal PC9 cells are cross-resistant to a number of anti-cancer agents.&lt;/p&gt;
Sufficient and insufficient conditions for the stochastic convergence of Ces\`{a}ro means (2020)

We study the stochastic convergence of the Ces\`{a}ro mean of a sequence of random variables. These arise naturally in statistical problems that have a sequential component, where the sequence of random variables is typically derived from a sequence of estimators computed on data. We show that establishing a rate of convergence in probability for a sequence is not sufficient in general to establish a rate in probability for its Ces\`{a}ro mean. We also present several sets of conditions on the sequence of random variables that are sufficient to guarantee a rate of convergence for its Ces\`{a}ro mean. We identify common settings in which these sets of conditions hold.
PLACE: Proximity Learning of Articulation and Contact in 3D Environments (2020)

The following topics are dealt with: image reconstruction; learning (artificial intelligence); solid modelling; image representation; feature extraction; neural nets; stereo image processing; image colour analysis; cameras; convolutional neural nets.
Tolerability of inhaled N-chlorotaurine in humans: a double-blind randomized phase I clinical study (2018)

Inhaled NCT is well tolerated as in other applications of different body regions. Side effects are mild, topical and transitory. The study was registered prospectively in the European Clinical Trials Database of the European Medicines Agency. The EudraCT number is 2012-003700-12.
The Insulin Receptor: Its Role in Insulin Resistance of Obesity and Diabetes (1976)

In recent years, techniques have become available to study the interaction between insulin and its cellular receptors. This has led to an explosion of information concerning the status of insulin receptors in normal and abnormal physiologic states. Obesity and nonketotic diabetes are two common abnormal states in which insulin resistance exists, and the purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge concerning the cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in these conditions, with specific emphasis on insulin receptors and how they may relate to the pathogenesis of resistance to insulin action.
Evaluating anthranilate synthase as a herbicide target (1997)

Attempts to discover new active ingredients and target sites within the aromatic pathway have resulted in the synthesis of potent enzyme inhibitors, but no herbicides. As an aid in identifying a new target for inhibitor design and screening, we have determined the mode of action of a compound (6-methyl anthranilate) that exhibits noncommercial levels of herbicidal activity. Our evidence suggests that 6-methyl anthranilate is converted in vivo, by traversing the tryptophan biosynthetic sequence, to 4-methyl tryptophan, which inhibits anthranilate synthase. Inhibitors synthesized by design and those found by target-based screening converged on analogs of tryptophan and anthranilate. None, however, was more herbicidal than 6-methyl anthranilate.
Two Patterns of Interocular Delay Revealed by Spontaneous Motion-in-Depth Pulfrich Phenomenon in Amblyopes with Stereopsis (2020)

The interocular delays in amblyopes with stereopsis might result from either a faster or slower processing of the amblyopic eye relative to the fellow eye. This work provides important additional information for binocular processing of dynamic visual stimuli in amblyopia. However, the special role between this form of interocular delays and patients' clinical characteristics remains unknown.
A model for persistent conductivity ("lock-on" mechanism) in SI-GaAs photoconductive switches (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. Due to the presence of a large concentration of trap sites in semiinsulating (SI) GaAs material used in photoconductive switches for high power microwave applications, and because of the field-dependent trapping/de-trapping phenomena, the carrier transport processes in these devices are more complex than in trap-free material. Depending on the application, the field in the devices may vary by orders of magnitude and a generalized analysis for all GaAs photoconductive switch used in different applications becomes difficult. In this simulation study we have looked into the charge transport characteristics of the devices where the field varies by more than two orders of magnitude.
Large-scale Hybrid Approach for Predicting User Satisfaction with\n Conversational Agents (2020)

Measuring user satisfaction level is a challenging task, and a critical\ncomponent in developing large-scale conversational agent systems serving the\nneeds of real users. An widely used approach to tackle this is to collect human\nannotation data and use them for evaluation or modeling. Human annotation based\napproaches are easier to control, but hard to scale. A novel alternative\napproach is to collect user's direct feedback via a feedback elicitation system\nembedded to the conversational agent system, and use the collected user\nfeedback to train a machine-learned model for generalization. User feedback is\nthe best proxy for user satisfaction, but is not available for some ineligible\nintents and certain situations. Thus, these two types of approaches are\ncomplementary to each other. In this work, we tackle the user satisfaction\nassessment problem with a hybrid approach that fuses explicit user feedback,\nuser satisfaction predictions inferred by two machine-learned models, one\ntrained on user feedback data and the other human annotation data. The hybrid\napproach is based on a waterfall policy, and the experimental results with\nAmazon Alexa's large-scale datasets show significant improvements in inferring\nuser satisfaction. A detailed hybrid architecture, an in-depth analysis on user\nfeedback data, and an algorithm that generates data sets to properly simulate\nthe live traffic are presented in this paper.\n