gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A framework for smart location-based automated energy controls in a green building testbed (2012)

Current building designs are not energy-efficient enough due to many reasons. One of them is the centralized control and fixed running policies (e.g. HVAC system) without considering the occupants' actual usage and adjusting the energy consumption accordingly. In this paper, we discuss our multi-disciplinary project on a green building testbed on which we introduce mobile location service into the energy policy control by using the now popular GPS-embedded smart phones. Every occupant in the building who has a smart phone is able to monitor their usage and adjust their own energy policy in real-time. This changes the centralized control inside the building into a distributed control paradigm. It allows the occupants with different roles to participate in the energy consumption reduction efforts. Latest information technologies such as mobile smart device-based location service, distributed control, and cloud computing are used in this project. The major idea and experimental system is expected to be applied to not only green buildings but also vast number of the conventional buildings to reduce the energy consumption without sacrificing the human comfort and convenience.
Cardiorespiratory characteristics and adaptation to high altitudes (1970)

Abstract The lowered partial pressure of oxygen at high altitude is one of the severest and most pervasive environmental stresses affecting human populations. Virtually all organ systems and physiological functions are affected by hypoxia, and only elaborate modern technology can temporarily ameliorate the hypoxic stress of altitude exposure. The biological and behavioral responses of newcomers, sojourners, and native residents at higher elevations could provide a paradigm of the study of man's adaptation to the physical environment. Cardiorespiratory characteristics are closely related to altitude exposure, and certain alterations in these characteristics constitute the principal adaptive responses of the organism to hypoxia. However, not all altitude‐related characteristics are beneficial to the organism; some peculiar characteristics occurring at high altitude may be without benefits, or may even be pathological and maladaptive. The roles of age, sex, race, physical condition, nutrition, and intensity and frequency of exposure during growth and development of altitude‐related characteristics are not entirely understood. Moreover the influence of even large circulatory and respiratory alterations, on tissue oxygen tension may be small, and their adaptive significance difficult to evaluate. An equivalent level of functional adaptation might be achieved through differing combinations of structural, functional, and behavioral characteristics. It is concluded that more rigorous evaluations of adaptation to the environment are needed.
High-Throughput Screen for Inhibitors of Klebsiella pneumoniae Virulence Using a Tetrahymena pyriformis Co-Culture Surrogate Host Model (2022)

The continuing emergence of antibacterial resistance reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics and drives an ongoing search for effective replacements. Screening compound libraries for antibacterial activity in standard growth media has been extensively explored and may be showing diminishing returns. Inhibition of bacterial targets that are selectively important under in vivo (infection) conditions and, therefore, would be missed by conventional in vitro screens might be an alternative. Surrogate host models of infection, however, are often not suitable for high-throughput screens. Here, we adapted a medium-throughput <i>Tetrahymena pyriformis</i> surrogate host model that was successfully used to identify inhibitors of a hyperviscous <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strain to a high-throughput format and screened circa 1.2 million compounds. The screen was robust and identified confirmed hits from different chemical classes with potent inhibition of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> growth in the presence of <i>T. pyriformis</i> that lacked any appreciable direct antibacterial activity. Several of these appeared to inhibit capsule/mucoidy, which are key virulence factors in hypervirulent <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. A weakly antibacterial inhibitor of LpxC (essential for the synthesis of the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharides) also appeared to be more active in the presence of <i>T. pyriformis</i>, which is consistent with the role of LPS in virulence as well as viability in <i>K. pneumoniae</i>.
OFDM millimeter-wave radar experiment combined with radio over fiber technology (2016)

We have demonstrated an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar experiment combined with millimeter-wave radio over fiber (RoF). In result, high flame rate and high space resolution of 30 cm in 5 m distance (theoretical space resolution of 1.52 cm) was successfully achieved.
Sonde optique de type « TFI » pour la mesure de signaux numériques (2004)

International audience
Wide-field intraoperative polarization sensitive and angiographic optical coherence tomography of in vivo non-human primate peripheral nerve (Conference Presentation) (2020)

We demonstrate wide-field intraoperative in vivo PS-OCT and OCT-A imaging of non-human primate (NHP) peripheral nerves using a portable OCT prototype. Imaging was performed on healthy and surgically repaired (12 months after graft surgery) radial nerves in upper extremity of rhesus macaques (n=17) over surgically exposed nerve segments of up to 8 cm in length. We describe the capabilities and challenges of PS-OCT and OCT-A in assessing NHP peripheral nerves. Further, guided by imaging of NHP peripheral nerves, we discuss the required advancements in core polarimetry techniques to enhance the prospects of clinical utility of PS-OCT in peripheral nerve imaging.
Obinutuzumab (2014)

Obinutuzumab, a type II glycoengineered monoclonal antibody, is characterized by an increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and direct-cell death but no complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Recent clinical data demonstrated a superiority of obinutuzumab compared with rituximab, suggesting that this antibody should be, in the future, the backbone of the treatment of B-lymphoproliferative disorders.
Variability in the structure-function characteristics of polystyrene sulphonate macromolecules impinges on the efficacy of in-vitro HIV-1 inhibition. (2006)

TEXT 1International Partnership for Microbicides, Silver Spring, United States of America, 2St George’s, University of London, United Kingdom, 3University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, 4Brookhaven Instruments Inc., Holtsville, United States of America Background: A variety of polyanionic compounds have been shown to be useful in topical microbicide formulations. These compounds are thought to work through similar mechanisms of action (e.g. binding via an electrostatic interaction to positively-charged V3 loop of gp120). However, these compounds vary greatly from each other in many physico-chemical features including structure of the hydrophobe, charge density and, importantly, MWt and MWt distribution. Each of these factors impinge on the efficacy of binding to any sterically-restricted surface including gp120. These compounds all carry a negative-charge at neutral pH, however variation in the magnitude of the surface charge over the pH range encompassing vaginal fluid and semen is not known. As part of a long-term, comprehensive in-depth study of the effect of structure-function characteristics on anti-HIV activity, we have focused on critical evaluation of MWt and the effect on in-vitro HIV-1 inhibition using a candidate polyanion, polystyrene sulphonate (PSSA) Methods: Samples of PSSA were obtained from a range of commercial sources, and synthesized in-house using the new technique of controlled radical polymerization (CRP). Molar mass was measured using a state-of-the-art hybrid technique, GPC-LS. Anti HIV-1 activity of solutions of the PSSA was determined by established in-vitro cell-based assays. Results: There was a strong correlation between the MWt of PSSA and HIV inhibition; initial data suggests the optimum activity appears to be within the range 5kD to 10kD. All samples of the PSSA were found to have a significant distribution in MWt; even GPC standard material had a pronounced shoulder in the distribution. It is possible that macromolecular polyanions, such as PSSA, may be much more potent than hitherto suspected because most of the activity can accrue from only a small percentage of the total sample. The data suggests that MWt fractionation may increase the activity of polyanionic based microbicides. Conclusions: These data suggest that PSSA represent a model compound for structure-function studies of polyanionic microbicides. Further work is ongoing to determine the charge density for optimal performance. Dr David Fairhurst: International Partnership For Microbicides, davidf2@optonline.net, tel +1 301 608 2221, fax +1 301 608 2241, 1010 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1450, Silver Springs, WASHINGTON, MD 20910, USA
A System Dynamics Modeling Methodology to Predict Transient Phenomena in Compressible Fluid Flow Systems (2011)

The prediction of dynamic phenomena in compressible fluids, such as the air path systems of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) has seen an enormous growth in the past years. Striving to improve engine performance, fuel economy and emissions has led to the understanding that significant gains can only be achieved if improvements in engine design can be matched by the ability to closely control engine breathing and combustion performance. The current state of the art in the modeling of ICEs air path systems presents two main approaches, namely the high-fidelity, computationally intensive numerical methods and the low-fidelity, calibration intensive lumped-parameter models. This paper introduces a novel approach for modeling unsteady phenomena in compressible fluids that combines the advantages of numerical methods (high accuracy and low calibration effort) with the limited computation time of lumped-parameter models based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The approach is here presented for the one-dimensional nonlinear Euler equations for compressible fluid flow systems, which are particularly relevant for modeling the air path systems of internal combustion engines.
NeuroMorph: A Toolset for the Morphometric Analysis and Visualization of 3D Models Derived from Electron Microscopy Image Stacks (2014)

Serialelectron microscopy imaging is crucial for exploring the structure of cells and tissues. The development of block face scanning electron microscopy methods and their ability to capture large image stacks, some with near isotropic voxels, is proving particularly useful for the exploration of brain tissue. This has led to the creation of numerous algorithms and software for segmenting out different features from the image stacks. However, there are few tools available to view these results and make detailed morphometric analyses on all, or part, of these 3D models. We have addressed this issue by constructing a collection of software tools, called NeuroMorph, with which users can view the segmentation results, in conjunction with the original image stack, manipulate these objects in 3D, and make measurements of any region. This approach to collecting morphometric data provides a faster means of analysing the geometry of structures, such as dendritic spines and axonal boutons. This bridges the gap that currently exists between rapid reconstruction techniques, offered by computer vision research, and the need to collect measurements of shape and form from segmented structures that is currently done using manual segmentation methods.
Effect of Infrared Preheating on the Mechanical Properties of Large Format 3D Printed Parts (2019)

Anisotropy of mechanical properties is characteristic of components printed using processes like extrusion deposition additive manufacturing, wherein the properties along the print direction (x-direction) are superior when compared to the corresponding properties in the build direction (z-direction). This effect, influenced by the bond strength in the z-direction, can be more pronounced for components with longer layer times, as the bottom layers tend cool below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material, thereby restricting thermal fusion between the printed layers. The work discussed here builds on the previous work by the authors, demonstrating infrared preheating as a technique to actively control the bond temperature during printing to improve the mechanical properties (z-direction) of parts printed on a large-format extrusion AM system. IR preheating was used on the surface of printed layers just prior to the deposition of the next layer to increase the surface temperature closer to the glass transition temperature. The current study explores the effect of variation in bead surface temperatures (indicative of variations in layer times) prior to and after pre-heating on the mechanical properties in z-direction.
Analysis of TCRαβ Combinations used by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Rhesus Monkeys: Implications for CTL Immunodominance (2007)

Immunodominance is a common feature of Ag-specific CTL responses to infection or vaccines. Understanding the basis of immunodominance is crucial to understanding cellular immunity and viral evasion mechanisms and will provide a rational approach for improving HIV vaccine design. This study was performed comparing CTLs specific for the SIV Gag p11C (dominant) and SIV Pol p68A (subdominant) epitopes that are consistently generated in Mamu-A*01(+) rhesus monkeys exposed to SIV proteins. Additionally, vaccinated monkeys were used to prevent any issues of antigenic variation or dynamic changes in CTL responses by continuous Ag exposure. Analysis of the TCR repertoire revealed the usage of higher numbers of TCR clones by the dominant p11C-specific CTL population. Preferential usage of specific TCRs and the in vitro functional TCR-alpha- and -beta-chain-pairing assay suggests that every peptide/MHC complex may only be recognized by a limited number of unique combinations of alpha- and beta-chain pairs. The wider array of TCR clones used by the dominant p11C-specific CTL population might be explained by the higher probability of generating those specific TCR chain pairs. Our data suggest that Ag-specific naive T cell precursor frequency may be predetermined and that this process dictates immunodominance of SIV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. These findings will aid in understanding immunodominance and designing new approaches to modulate CTL responses.
Stem cells, cancer, and epigenetics (2009)

The interest in cancer as an epigenetic, as well as a genetic disease, has markedly accelerated over the past decade. This chapter concentrates on one particularly interesting aspect of this – the growing evidence that one of the most studied epigenetic abnormalities in cancer, abnormal gene silencing associated with gene promoter DNA hypermethylation, is linked to key aspects of chromatin regulation of gene expression which maintains the state of embryonic stem (ES)/progenitor cells. This is a timely juxtaposition since there is also a growing body of data suggesting that cancer “stem/initiating cells”, especially when they may dominate in the most aggressive forms of human tumors, have a gene expression signature reminiscent of ES cells. A key part of this signature is an increase in polycomb protein group (PcG) complex constituents, and a decrease in expression of a group of genes for which PcG targeting is normally key to maintaining a poised, low basal activity, to maintain ES/progenitor cell status. A working hypothesis is explored that this primitive cell status in cancers may be, in part, maintained by a similar chromatin regulation of key genes with the addition, to many, of a fundamental abnormality, DNA methylation in CpG islands of the gene promoters. This DNA change is generally not a feature of the PcG targeted genes in ES/progenitor cells and may eliminate a pre-requisite plasticity for these genes to ensure that their activation would normally allow lineage commitment and maturation. The early appearance of the DNA hypermethylation of at least a large group of genes in cancer development could reflect a key role for locking in a primitive state of abnormally expanding cells – which then provides an important substrate for the later changes that drive progression to invasive cancer.
Sustained water cleavage by visible light (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSustained water cleavage by visible lightEnrico Borgarello, J. Kiwi, Ezio Pelizzetti, Mario Visca, and Michael GraetzelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 21, 6324–6329Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00411a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00411a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1238Altmetric-Citations256LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Single-chip photonic integration with CMOS for aerospace (2012)

Shared shuttle runs are an important factor in the microelectronics business ecosystem - allowing fables semiconductor companies to access advanced processes and supporting the development of new tools and processes. We report on the creation and progress of a shared shuttle program for access to advanced silicon photonics optoelectronic platforms. We present an 18 GHz integrated traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator, with small-signal Vπ of 6V, and discuss sources of nonlinearity in our platform. A ring modulator is shown to have an SFDR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IMD</sub> of 84 dB.Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> . We present the first measurements of the nonlinear distortions of silicon-based traveling-wave modulators, and demonstrate an SFDR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IMD</sub> of 103 dB.Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> .
On-demand single photon source integrated into a nanophotonic platform (2022)

We generate streams of high purity single photons from a single atom-like defect in a diamond nanophotonic cavity demonstrating an integrable system for quantum information processing.
C-reactive protein levels and depression in older and younger adults - A study of 19,947 individuals. The Tromsø study (2022)

In recent years, a connection between depression and inflammation has been established, with a range of immunological changes, both cellular and humoral, presenting during depressive states (Beydoun et al., 2016; Haapakoski et al., 2015; Wium-Andersen et al., 2013). Furthermore, there seems to be a dose-response relationship between depression and inflammation, in the sense that the more severe the depression, the higher the level of systemic inflammation markers, most notably expressed as elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral blood (Kohler-Forsberg et al., 2017). Accordingly, CRP has been suggested as a marker of depression severity and depression subtypes, as well as an indicator of specific symptom profiles (Jokela et al., 2016). Furthermore, inflammation has been suggested as a target for treatment with immunomodulatory drugs (Alexopoulos and Morimoto, 2011; Kohler et al., 2014).&lt;p&gt;\n\n&lt;p&gt;However, the research populations are predominantly younger adults, mainly in clinical settings, and there are few community-based studies providing comparative analyses of age-groups, or focusing specifically on the older population. For those that do, the results are inconsistent, as some demonstrate an association between CRP and depression (Bondy et al., 2021; Sonsin-Diaz et al., 2020; White et al., 2017), while others do not (Baune et al., 2012; Bremmer et al., 2008; Eurelings et al., 2015; Penninx et al., 2003). Thus, it is still unclear whether the inflammation in depression unfolds to the same extent in depressed older adults as in younger adults, and how the severity of the depression relates to inflammation in different age groups.
Analysis of 5-chloro-8-methoxy-2-(bromomethyl)quinoline by XPS (2002)

Macrocyclic ethers are used extensively for their ability to form strong and selective interactions with charged species. It has been shown that the incorporation of heterocyclic groups into macrocylclic ethers increase rigidity and interaction with certain ions. Alkylation of these azacrowns with benzylic halides can attach fluorionophoric substituents onto the ring. One of the molecules used for this alkylation is 5-chloro-8-methoxy-2-(bromomethyl)quinoline. Azacrowns with this alkyl ligand have displayed interesting ion complexation properties.
Estimating Sparse MIMO channels having Common Support (2011)

We propose an algorithm (SCS-FRI) to estimate multipath channels with Sparse Common Support (SCS) based on Finite Rate of Innovation (FRI) sampling. In this setup, theoretical lower-bounds are derived, and simulation in a Rayleigh fading environment shows that SCS-FRI gets very close to these bounds. We show how to apply SCS-FRI to OFDM and CDMA downlinks. Recovery of a sparse common support is, among other, especially relevant for channel estimation in a multiple output system or beam-forming from multiple input. The present algorithm is based on a multi-output extension of the Cadzow denoising/annihilating filter method.
Energy Efficiency Using Loop Buffer based Instruction Memory Organizations. (2010)

&lt;p&gt;Energy consumption in embedded systems is strongly dominated by instruction memory organizations. Based on this, any architectural enhancement introduced in this component will produce a significant reduction of the total energy budget of the system. Loop buffering is an effective scheme to reduce the energy consumption of the instruction memory organization. In this paper, a novel classification of architectural enhancements based on the use of loop buffer concept is presented. Using this classification, an energy design space exploration is performed to show the impact in the energy consumption on different application scenarios. From gate-level simulations, the energy analysis demonstrates that the instruction level paralellism of the system brings not only improvements in performance, but also improvements in the energy consumption of the system. The increase in instruction level paralellism makes easy the adaptation of the sizes of the loop buffers to the sizes of the loops that form the application, because gives more freedom to combine the execution of the loops that form the application.&lt;/p&gt;