gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brightness and uniformity measurements of plastic scintillator tiles at the CERN H2 test beam (2018)

We study the light output, light collection efficiency and signal timing of a variety of organic scintillators that are being considered for the upgrade of the hadronic calorimeter of the CMS detector. The experimental data are collected at the H2 test-beam area at CERN, using a 150 GeV muon beam. In particular, we investigate the usage of over-doped and green-emitting plastic scintillators, two solutions that have not been extensively considered. We present a study of the energy distribution in plastic-scintillator tiles, the hit efficiency as a function of the hit position, and a study of the signal timing for blue and green scintillators.
Secure Fragmentation for Content Centric Networking (2015)

Information Centric Networks (ICN), such as Content Centric Networks (CCNx) or Named Data Networks (NDN) disseminate data using hierarchal names for each chunk of data, where a chunk is roughly the size of an IP datagram. To secure the named exchange, each chunk has a digital signature or a hash-based name. Because these datagrams may be much larger than a link MTU, there is a need for fragmentation, and to date several hop-by-hop, end-to-end, and mid-to-end fragmentation schemes have been proposed. Only one scheme, FIGOA, a cut-through mid-to-end fragmentation scheme (i.e. Without reassembly) claims to be secure by using delayed authentication. We propose a secure cut-through fragmentation scheme derived from FIGOA that allows immediate validation. We also consider queuing and timing issues that were not discussed in FIGOA.
The effect of contour closure on shape perception (1999)

We studied psychophysically whether 'contour closure' enhances the accuracy of shape perception. Stimulus configurations (presented on a blank background) always consisted of identical pattern elements, but the positions of the local elements were varied: the global contour shape either contained closure or not. In the first two stimulus conditions (Closure), the oriented pattern elements (Gabor patches) formed a 'closed' rectangular shape composed of either four long lines or four corners. In the third condition (No closure), the global shape was composed of the four corners, but they were outward oriented, and hence they did not form the outline of a closed contour. We measured the precision of shape perception using a discrimination task in which observers judged the aspect ratio of the outline shape i.e. whether the rectangular shape was tall or wide. We found that: (i) shape discrimination was better (more precise) for Closed contours than for Non-closed contours, i.e. the aspect ratio discrimination thresholds were lower for the Closed than Non-closed configurations. The improved performance could not be explained by differences in visibility of the local elements in the two conditions. (ii) For closed contours, shape discrimination was more precise when the local elements were aligned with the global shape, than when the local elements were orthogonal to it.
A Middleware Framework for Constraint-Based Deployment and Autonomic\n Management of Distributed Applications (2010)

We propose a middleware framework for deployment and subsequent autonomic\nmanagement of component-based distributed applications. An initial deployment\ngoal is specified using a declarative constraint language, expressing\nconstraints over aspects such as component-host mappings and component\ninterconnection topology. A constraint solver is used to find a configuration\nthat satisfies the goal, and the configuration is deployed automatically. The\ndeployed application is instrumented to allow subsequent autonomic management.\nIf, during execution, the manager detects that the original goal is no longer\nbeing met, the satisfy/deploy process can be repeated automatically in order to\ngenerate a revised deployment that does meet the goal.\n
A Comprehensive Neurorehabilitation Program Should be an Integral Part of a Comprehensive Stroke Center (2014)

OPINION article Front. Neurol., 22 April 2014Sec. Endovascular and Interventional Neurology Volume 5 - 2014 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2014.00057
Smart Home Systems (2010)

Smart homes are intelligent environments that interact dynamically and respond readily in an adaptive manner to the needs of the occupants and changes in the ambient conditions. The realization of systems that support the smart homes concept requires integration of technologies from different fields. Among the challenges that the designers face is to make all the components of the system interact in a seamless, reliable and secure manner. Another major challenge is to design the smart home in a way that takes into account the way humans live and interact. This later aspect requires input from the humanities and social sciences fields. The need for input from diverse fields of knowledge reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the research and development effort required to realize smart homes that are acceptable to the general public. The applications that can be supported by a smart home are very wide and their degree of sophistication depends on the underlying technology used. Some of the application areas include monitoring and control of appliances, security, telemedicine, entertainment, location based services, care for children and the elderly… etc. This book consists of eleven chapters that cover various aspects of smart home systems.
System configurations with A/D conversion for multichannel bioelectric recordings (2002)

Multichannel instrumentation for the recording of bioelectric events with a high quality should have an isolated section of small dimensions with signal transfer by a low capacitance transmission technique like an optical fiber link. A/D conversion in the isolated section simplifies signal transmission. In such designs it is beneficial to use one A/D converter per channel. The disadvantages of increased power consumption and cost can be expected to become less significant.
On a Data and Requirements Driven Multi-Scale Framework Linking Performance to Materials (2010)

The initial progress towards the design and development of a framework for automating the process of integrating experimental data with stakeholder specifications describing usability requirements, along with multiscale models for tailoring material and structural behavior characteristics is reported in the present paper. The proposed framework consists of a layered architecture that is comprised of three main layers. The first layer involves the computational infrastructure that implements the low level computational container that encompasses the computational codes that enable the modeling of the forward problem for various physical problems at specific time and length scales. The second layer of the framework implements the cascaded and hierarchical implementation of the inverse problem in terms of a composition of discrete event system and differential equation system specifications. The third element of the proposed architecture utilizes Category theory abstractions and their computational implementations to provide the necessary infrastructure for automating the process of developing synthetic specifications driven from experimental data and performance requirements related to the design and use of material and structural systems.
Fabrication of Multi-Layered Carbon Structures Using LCVD (2001)

Others have used Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition (LCVD) to create 3-D fibrous structures and helical springs. Current research efforts focus on the creation of more advanced three-dimensional carbon objects through the use of multi-layered deposition. Multi-layered structures require an understanding of interlayer adhesion and the propagation of geometric anomalies through multiple layers. An important aspect in minimizing these shape anomalies is the implementation of closed loop temperature control. Several laminated carbon structures are presented with discussions and observations about the fabrication process and visual characteristics of each. The major issues in using LCVD to create multi-layer carbon structures are addressed.
Zusammenfassende Diskussion (1980)

Die im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens aufgefundenen Zusammenhänge zwischen Phosphatkonzentration, Wasserhärte und den erzielten Waschergebnissen lassen sich in Übereinstimmung mit Untersuchungen von KEMPER (94), CRUTCH-FIELD (87) und MATZNER (88) weitestgehend anhand der sequestrierenden Wirkungen des STP interpretieren. Hierbei muß jedoch berücksichtigt werden, daß für die Einzelkriterien des Waschergebnisses, wie Primärwaschwirkung, Redeposition und Inkrustation unterschiedliche Austauschraten der Härteionen zwischen Flotte und Sequestriermittel von Bedeutung sind und daß die z. T, hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses wichtigeren Parameter wie Flottentemperatur, Tensidart und -konzentration, sowie die Zeit mit in die Betrachtung einbezogen werden müssen, Hierdurch können scheinbare Abweichungen von berechneten Ergebnissen auftreten.
Accelerated Adjoint Shape Optimization via Automatic Differentiation (2023)

We use automatic differentiation to enhance shape optimization approaches to photonic inverse design, resulting in over two orders-of-magnitude improvement in the gradient calculation time of our grating coupler proof-of-concept.
Peptidyl arginine deiminase type 2 (PAD‐2) and PAD‐4 but not PAD‐1, PAD‐3, and PAD‐6 are expressed in rheumatoid arthritis synovium in close association with tissue inflammation (2007)

PAD-2 and PAD-4 are the only PAD isotypes expressed in the ST of patients with RA and those with other arthritides. Inflammatory cells are a major source, but PAD-4 also comes from hyperplastic synoviocytes. Both isotypes are probably involved in the citrullination of fibrin.
Comparison of purified Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergens and extract by two‐dimensional immunoblotting and quantitative immunoglobulin E inhibitions (2005)

The studied recombinant and natural mite allergens contain a large portion of Der p-specific IgE and may be used for diagnostic tests and therapy of Der p allergy.
Development of a Population Simulation Model for HIV Monotherapy Virological Outcomes Using Lamivudine (2007)

Current highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) requires the use of combinations of three drugs to minimize the early emergence of drug-resistant HIV strains. Therefore, long-term monotherapy data with new agents are unavailable. However, the development of computer models for Monte-Carlo-type simulations of antiviral monotherapy, which incorporate HIV infection dynamic distributions from previously studied populations, together with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic parameters of the new agent, could serve as an important tool. The nucleoside lamivudine (3TC) was used as a representative drug to standardize an improved pharmacodynamic and infection dynamic monotherapy model. 3TC plasma concentration versus time profiles was used to drive the cellular accumulation of 3TC-triphosphate (TP) in primary human lymphocytes in the model, over a 16 week period. The fraction of HIV reverse transcription inhibited was calculated using the median inhibitory concentration and intracellular 3TC-TP levels. Virus loads and activated CD4+ T-cell counts were generated for 2,200 theoretical individuals and compared with the outcomes of an actual 3TC monotherapy trial at the same dose. Pharmacokinetic variance alone did not account for the interindividual HIV-load variability. However, selection of appropriate distributions of the various pharmacokinetic and infection dynamics parameters produced a similar range of virus load reductions to actual observations. Therefore, once parameter and variance distributions are standardized, this modelling approach could be helpful in planning clinical trials and predicting the antiviral contribution of each agent in a HAART modality.
Scaling Behavior for Device-to-Device Communications With Distributed Caching (2014)

We analyze a novel architecture for caching popular video content to enable wireless device-to-device (D2D) collaboration. We focus on the asymptotic scaling characteristics and show how they depend on video content popularity statistics. We identify a fundamental conflict between collaboration distance and interference and show how to optimize the transmission power to maximize frequency reuse. Our main result is a closed form expression of the optimal collaboration distance as a function of the model parameters. Under the common assumption of a Zipf distribution for content reuse, we show that if the Zipf exponent is greater than 1, it is possible to have a number of D2D interference-free collaboration pairs that scales linearly in the number of nodes. If the Zipf exponent is smaller than 1, we identify the best possible scaling in the number of D2D collaborating links. Surprisingly, a very simple distributed caching policy achieves the optimal scaling behavior.
Design of MixedSignal SystemsonaChip (2009)

The electronics industry is increasingly focused on the consumer marketplace, which requires low-cost high-volume products to be developed very rapidly. This, combined with advances in deep submicrometer technology have resulted in the ability and the need to put entire systems on a single chip. As more of the system is included on a single chip, it is increasingly likely that the chip will contain both analog and digital sections. Developing these mixed-signal (MS) systems-on-chip presents enormous challenges both to the designers of the chips and to the developers of the computer-adided design (CAD) systems that are used during the design process. This paper presents many of the issues that act to complicate the development of large single-chip MS systems and how CAD systems are expected to develop to overcome these issues.
Pre-Breakdown and Breakdown Phenomena along Pmma Surfaces in Vacuum and Nitrogen Gas Stressed by 60 Hz Voltages (1984)

Predischarge current and breakdown measurements of solid Plexiglas® (PMMA) insulators in vacuum and nitrogen gas gaps, excited by 60 Hz ac voltages, are reported. Results show that for bridged vacuum gaps, the predischarge current is in the form of pulses. In addition to electron emission from the cathode, secondary emission from the insulator surface is postulated to play a significant role in determining the characteristics of the current pulses. It is reported that for bridged nitrogen filled gaps no partial discharges prior to breakdown were noted, except for the case of introduced artificial voids. Insulating spacers in the form of circular cylinders and conical frustrums of different angles have been studied. The breakdown characteristics are found to depend strongly on the shape of the insulating spacer and also on the surface condition. For any given gas pressure, the breakdown strength was found to decrease with decreasing angle of the cone frustrum at its base. A rough insulator surface exhibited considerable discharge track resistance compared to a smooth surface. For cylindrical spacers, the predischarge and breakdown characteristics are found to be strongly influenced by the shape and position of the introduced voids. The effect of gas pressure on the pre-discharge and breakdown characteristics are reported.
Measuring phase synchrony using complex extensions of EMD (2009)

A framework for the robust assessment of phase synchrony between multichannel observations is introduced. This is achieved by using empirical mode decomposition (EMD), a data driven technique which decomposes nonlinear and nonstationary data into their oscillatory components (scales). In general, it is rarely possible to jointly process two or more channels due to the non-uniqueness of the decompositions. To guarantee the same decomposition levels for every pair of channels analysed, we consider phase synchrony within the recently introduced framework of complex extensions of EMD. Simulation results on brain signals support the analysis.
Control of a hybrid electric vehicle with dual clutch transmission configurations during mode transition (2018)

Mode transitions are significant events in the operation of a hybrid electric vehicle with dual clutch transmission (HDCT). Owing to the friction induced discontinuity of the clutch torque, seamless transition is difficult to achieve. First, this paper presents mathematical equations for the nonlinear system. Then it presents the linearised model for the proposed system. The control objective of the model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) considered in this paper is to minimise fuel consumption and reduce torque interruption in a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). The simulation and experimental results from an HDCT demonstrate that the MRAC achieves reduced torque interruption and less vehicle jerk compared to the conventional operation method, in addition to smooth and fast transition from pure electrical driving to hybrid driving.
Abstract 615: The Cardiac Myosin Inhibitor, CK-3773274, Reduces Contractility in the R403q Mouse Model of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2019)

Cardiac sarcomere hypercontractility appears to underlie pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis in select genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. The small molecule, CK-3773274, is a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor that decreases contractility in vitro and in healthy animals in vivo . The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CK-3773274 in the genetic R403Q mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. At approximately 40 weeks of age, left ventricular wall dimensions were determined by echocardiography in male wild type (WT) and heterozygous R403Q mice. As an indicator of cardiac hypertrophy, R403Q mice had significantly greater septal and posterior wall thickness than WT mice (septal wall WT: 0.93 ± 0.03 mm vs. R403Q: 1.22 ± 0.08 mm; posterior wall WT: 0.84 ± 0.04 mm vs. R403Q: 1.09 ± 0.04 mm; mean ± SEM, p&lt; 0.05). R403Q mice were treated with single oral doses of CK-3773274 ranging from 0.25 to 1.5 mg/kg and fractional shortening (FS) and heart rate were assessed at select time points over a 24-hour period. One hour after dose administration, CK-3773274 significantly reduced FS in a dose-related fashion relative to pre-dose baseline values (FS % R403Q baseline: 55.5 ± 2%; 0.25 mg/kg: 43.9 ± 2%; 1 mg/kg: : 27.3 ± 2%; 1.5 mg/kg: 13.7 ± 1%; mean ±SEM, p&lt;0.05 vs. baseline at all doses) without any changes to heart rate. At all dose levels, fractional shortening returned to baseline values by 24 hours. The plasma concentration at 10% and 50% reduction of FS relative to baseline (IC 10 and IC 50 ) was 0.11 and 0.78 μM, respectively. In summary, single oral dose administration of CK-3773274 reduced fractional shortening in a dose and concentration-dependent manner in the genetic R403Q mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac myosin inhibition may be a viable approach to reduce underlying hypercontractility of the cardiac sarcomere in hypertrophic cardiomyopathies.
DUAL-ENERGY RADIOGRAPHIC ABSORPTIOMETRY OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR: NORMATIVE DATA AND REGIONAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS (1989)

Chrysikopoulos, H M.D.; Sartoris, D J M.D.; Ramos, E R.T.; Moscona, A R.T.; Stein, J A Ph.D.; Mazess, R B Ph.D.; Resnick, D M.D.
Generation of a Focused Set of GSK Compounds Biased toward Ligand-Gated Ion-Channel Ligands (2006)

A "data mining" methodology based on substructural analysis and standard 1024 Daylight fingerprints as descriptors was applied to a set of known antagonists of a subfamily of ligand-gated ion channels comprising nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR's), 5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-amino butyric acid-A, and glycine receptors. The derived scoring function was used to generate a focused set that was screened for alpha7 nAChR, resulting in the identification of novel alpha7 ligands easily amenable to chemical modification. Finally, the same scoring function was applied retrospectively to other in-house sets screened for the same target in the same assay. The results and performance of the method are described in detail.
Organic reactions at high pressure. Cycloadditions of enamines and dienamines (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic reactions at high pressure. Cycloadditions of enamines and dienaminesWilliam G. Dauben and Alan P. KozikowskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 11, 3664–3666Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00818a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00818a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Iron‐Fullerene Clusters (2006)

Abstract In this article synthesis, isolation and identification of iron nanoparticles stabilized by fullerenes are described. The synthesis was carried out by a method of iron powder introducing into the stream of carbon-helium plasma at atmospheric pressure. Isolation was implemented by liquid column chromatography with application of Al2O3 powder, covered by carbon, as a sorbent. Identification was carried out by method of electron paramagnetic resonance. It has been established, that different fullerenes form clusters with iron particles having different sizes. Keywords: Nanometallic particlesiron‐fullerene clusterelectron paramagnetic resonancestabilization of nanoparticles Acknowledgments This work was supported by the INTAS (grant 01‐2399) and RFBR (grant 03‐03‐32326) foundations.
Supplementary Data from Antibody to CD137 Activated by Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate Is Tumor Selective and Broadly Effective <i>In Vivo</i> without Systemic Immune Activation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures, tables, material and methods, and references&lt;/p&gt;