gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of pulse transit time using ECG R-wave. (1998)

In this study an experiment was carried out to establish a convenient method of Pulse Transit Time(PTT) estimation. The time interval between ECG R-wave and PTG(τ EP) were measured under cooling stimulation and the induced autonomic response was analyzed. ECG R-Wave was used as a reference timing for PTT measurement. It was possible to use the time from EGG R-wave to PTG(τ EP) as an ergonomic measure.
Developing A Body Of Knowledge For Environmental Engineering (2020)

Abstract NOTE: The first page of text has been automatically extracted and included below in lieu of an abstract Developing a Body of Knowledge for Environmental Engineering Introduction At the American Academy of Environmental Engineers (AAEE) Board of Trustees annual meeting in November 2005, a Body of Knowledge Development Working Group (BOKDWG) was created with the following charge: “The Body of Knowledge Development Working Group is charged with defining the BOK needed to enter the practice of environmental engineering at the professional level in the 21st century taking into account other issues, including, but not limited to, the impact on certification, on the profession, on environmental engineering academic programs (undergraduate and graduate), and on accreditation of environmental engineering programs at the basic and advanced levels.” A body of knowledge (BOK) provides the foundations that define a profession. The need for a BOK that aligns engineering curricula and early experiences with the professional demands of engineers has been recognized by many engineering disciplines in recent years. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) recently published its second edition of a Civil Engineering BOK (ASCE 2008). The National Academy of Engineering’s Committee on Engineering Education considered the future of undergraduate engineering education in the United States (NAE 2005). The study was not limited to one or two disciplines of engineering but rather to all the diverse branches of engineering and from the broadest perspective. The Committee identified the need for a BOK that ensured the preparation of engineers for the demands the field will place upon engineers in a global economy. The EnVE BOKDWG was populated by a diverse body of environmental engineers representing multiple employment areas and experience levels. While this effort was initiated by the AAEE, it is by no means exclusively an AAEE activity. The Environmental Engineering Body of Knowledge (EnVEBOK) is being developed through a series of teleconferences and face-to-face meetings. Stakeholder opinion will be collected through communication with groups with EnVEBOK interests through wide distribution of early drafts and updates at conferences and newsletters. Face-to-face meetings are an important part of the EnVEBOK development effort. They provide an opportunity to focus on this effort without distraction for a longer period of time than teleconferences permit and to generate interactive discussion that is not possible by telephone. The first face-to-face meeting of the EnVEBOK working group was help in Tempe, AZ at the NSF-funded Foundations of Environmental Engineering Education meeting. A second meeting was held at Virginia Tech at the 2007 AEESP Research and Education Conference July 29, 2007 and the third face-to-face meeting was held on February 1, 2008 in Orlando, FL.
Look ahead parallel pursuit (2011)

We endeavor to improve compressed sensing reconstruction performance of parallel pursuit algorithms. In an iteration, standard parallel pursuit algorithms use a support-set expansion by a fixed number of coefficients, leading to restricted performance. To achive a better performance, we develop a look ahead strategy that adaptively chooses the best number of coefficients. We develop a new algorithm which we call look ahead parallel pursuit, where a look ahead strategy is invoked on a minimal residual norm criterion. The new algorithm provides a trade-off between performance and complexity.
The Role of Carrier Geometry in Overcoming Biological Barriers to Drug Delivery (2016)

For a variety of diseases, effective therapy is severely limited or rendered impossible due to an inability to deliver medications to the intended sites of action. Multiple barriers exist through the body, which have evolved over time to limit the migration of foreign compounds from entering the tissues. Turning toward biology as inspiration, it has been the general goal of drug delivery to create carrier strategies that mimic, in part, features of bacteria/ viruses that allow them overcome these barriers. By packaging drugs into nano and micron scale vehicles, it should be possible to completely change the biodistribution and residence times of pharmaceutically active compounds. Recently, due to advances in formulation technologies, it has become possible to control not just the material selection, surface chemistry, and/or size, but also the overall geometry and plasticity of the drug carriers. These approaches aid in the formulation of nonspherical particles such as, discs, rods, and even unique structures such as cubes and nanodiamonds. The adjustment of size and shape can be used for the aid or prevention in cellular uptake and also to overcome the vascular and mucosal barrier. In this review, we present a summary of some approaches used to control carrier shape and the impact these geometries have upon drug transport across biological barriers.
Observation of Néel-type skyrmions in acentric self-intercalated Cr1+δTe2 (2022)

Transition-metal dichalcogenides intercalated with 3d-transition metals within the van der Waals (vdW) gaps have been the focus of intense investigations owing to their fascinating structural and magnetic properties. At certain concentrations the intercalated atoms form ordered superstructures that exhibit ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic ordering. Here we show that the self-intercalated compound Cr<sub>1+δ</sub>Te<sub>2</sub> with δ ≈ 0.3 exhibits a new, so far unseen, three-dimensionally ordered (2×2×2) superstructure. Furthermore, high resolution X-ray diffraction reveals that there is an asymmetric occupation of the two inequivalent vdW gaps in the unit cell. The structure thus lacks inversion symmetry, which, thereby, allows for chiral non-collinear magnetic nanostructures. Indeed, Néel-type skyrmions are directly observed using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. The skyrmions are stable within the accessible temperature range (100-200 K) as well as in zero magnetic field. The diameter of the Néel skyrmions increases with lamella thickness and varies with applied magnetic field, indicating the role of long-range dipole fields. Our studies show that self-intercalation in vdW materials is a novel route to the formation of synthetic non-collinear spin textures.
Electric dipole effect in PdCoO 2 /β-Ga 2 O 3 Schottky diodes for high-temperature operation (2019)

High-temperature operation of semiconductor devices is widely demanded for switching/sensing purposes in automobiles, plants, and aerospace applications. As alternatives to conventional Si-based Schottky diodes usable only at 200°C or less, Schottky interfaces based on wide-bandgap semiconductors have been extensively studied to realize a large Schottky barrier height that makes high-temperature operation possible. Here, we report a unique crystalline Schottky interface composed of a wide-gap semiconductor β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and a layered metal PdCoO<sub>2</sub>. At the thermally stable all-oxide interface, the polar layered structure of PdCoO<sub>2</sub> generates electric dipoles, realizing a large Schottky barrier height of ~1.8 eV, well beyond the 0.7 eV expected from the basal Schottky-Mott relation. Because of the naturally formed homogeneous electric dipoles, this junction achieved current rectification with a large on/off ratio approaching 10<sup>8</sup> even at a high temperature of 350°C. The exceptional performance of the PdCoO<sub>2</sub>/β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Schottky diodes makes power/sensing devices possible for extreme environments.
Engineering and science highlights of the KAT-7 radio telescope (2016)

The construction of the seven-dish Karoo Array Telescope (KAT-7) array in the Karoo region of the Northern Cape in South Africa was intended primarily as an engineering prototype for technologies and techniques applicable to the MeerKAT telescope. This paper looks at the main engineering and scientific highlights from this effort, and discusses their applicability to both MeerKAT and other next-generation radio telescopes. In particular, we found that the composite dish surface works well, but it becomes complicated to fabricate for a dish lacking circular symmetry; the Stirling cycle cryogenic system with ion pump to achieve vacuum works but demands much higher maintenance than an equivalent Gifford–McMahon cycle system; the ROACH (Reconfigurable Open Architecture Computing Hardware)-based correlator with SPEAD (Streaming Protocol for Exchanging Astronomical Data) protocol data transfer works very well and KATCP (Karoo Array Telescope Control Protocol) control protocol has proven very flexible and convenient. KAT-7 has also been used for scientific observations where it has a niche in mapping low surface-brightness continuum sources, some extended H &lt;scp&gt;i&lt;/scp&gt; haloes and OH masers in star-forming regions. It can also be used to monitor continuum source variability, observe pulsars, and make Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations.
Saturation and Subcooled Boiling of HFE-7100 on Pinned Surfaces at Different Orientations (2009)

Experiments are conducted to investigate nucleate boiling of HFE-7100 liquid on 10 x 10 mm copper surfaces with corner pins that are 3 × 3 mm in cross section and 2-, 3-, and 5-mm tall. Heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux are compared for 0 (saturation), 10,20, and 30 K subcooling at orientations from θ = 0 to 180 deg. Thermal power removed in nucleate boiling at all orientations increases, partially due to the increase in surface area for boiling and the increased mixing by departing bubbles from the plane portion of the surface and sides of the pins. Increasing subcooling and pin height increases the thermal power removed and the temperature of the base surface. With 30 K subcooling, thermal power removed at critical heat flux from the copper surface with 5 mm pins at θ = 0 deg is in excess of 93 W, decreasing to 86 W at θ = 180 deg. The corresponding base temperature is ∼91 and 95° C, compared with the saturation temperature in the experiments of ∼54°C. Critical heat flux increases linearly with increased liquid subcooling, and the developed correlation, which accounts for the effects of liquid subcooling and surface orientation and area in contact with the boiling liquid, is within +10% of data.
Classification of Roadway Infrastructure and Collaborative Automated Driving System (2023)

&lt;div&gt;The latest developments in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-anything (V2X) technologies enable all the entities in the transportation system to communicate and collaborate to optimize transportation safety, mobility, and equity at the system level. On the other hand, the community of researchers and developers is becoming aware of the critical role of roadway infrastructure in realizing automated driving. In particular, intelligent infrastructure systems, which leverage modern sensors, artificial intelligence, and communication capabilities, can provide critical information and control support to connected and/or automated vehicles to fulfill functions that are infeasible for automated vehicles alone due to technical or cost considerations. However, there is limited research on formulating and standardizing the intelligence levels of road infrastructure to facilitate the development, as the SAE automated driving levels have done for automated vehicles. This article proposes a five-level intelligence definition for intelligent roadway infrastructure, namely, connected and automated highway (CAH). The CAH is a subsystem of the more extensive collaborative automated driving system (CADS), along with the connected automated vehicle (CAV) subsystem. Leveraging the intelligence definition of CAH, the intelligence definition for the CADS is also defined. Examples of how the CAH at different levels operates with the CAV in the CADS are also introduced to demonstrate the dynamic allocation of various automated driving tasks between different entities in the CADS.&lt;/div&gt;
Imaging mitophagy in the fruit fly (2018)

Loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding PRKN/parkin and PINK1 cause autosomal recessive Parkinson disease (PD). Seminal work in Drosophila revealed that loss of park/parkin and Pink1 causes prominent mitochondrial pathology in flight muscle and, to a lesser extent, in dopaminergic neurons. Subsequent studies in cultured mammalian cells discovered a crucial role for PRKN/PARK2 and PINK1 in selective macroautophagic removal of mitochondria (mitophagy). However, direct evidence for the existence of a PINK1-PRKN/PARK2-mediated mitophagy pathway in vivo is still scarce. Recently, we engineered Drosophila that express the mitophagy reporter mt-Keima. We demonstrated that mitophagy occurs in flight muscle cells and dopaminergic neurons in vivo and increases with aging. Moreover, this age-dependent rise depends on park and Pink1. Our data also suggested that some aspects of the mitochondrial phenotype of park- and Pink1-deficient flies are independent of the mitophagy defect, and that park and Pink1 may have multiple functions in the regulation of the integrity of these organelles. Here, we discuss implications of these findings as well as possible future applications of the mt-Keima fly model.
An Intelligent Temperature Control Algorithm of Molecular Beam Epitaxy System Based on the Back-Propagation Neural Network (2022)

Temperature control is a critical aspect for the semiconductor material growth of the Molecular Beam Epitaxy system. The growth rate depends on the temperature of the beam source, and the quality of epi-layers heavily depends on the temperature of the substrate. In this paper, we reported an intelligent temperature control algorithm based on the BP neural network, which is specially optimized for the Molecular Beam Epitaxy system. After training the BP neural network by the collected temperature data of the Molecular Beam Epitaxy, the intelligent temperature control algorithm keeps the temperature error within 0.1°C. Moreover, this intelligent algorithm in the field of Molecular Beam Epitaxy achieves a better control effect, reduces the regulation time of the system and makes the system overshoot to zero.
Generic models for robot navigation (2003)

The authors introduce the concept of an explicit generic building model. This abstract model is valid for a broad class of buildings. It uses mechanisms that have been used to build generic models for other object classes, including machine screws and generalized cylinders. These methods extend the generality of object classes which can be implemented, compared to previous implementations of object classes. Using a combination of epipolar stereo vision from the mobile robot along with monocular vision, the generic model is instantiated. This instantiation can be used for robot navigation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
DD-03 * THE NATURALLY OCCURRING STEROID, WITHAFERIN A, IN SYNERGISTIC CONCERT WITH HER2/EGFR INHIBITORS ABROGATES PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELL CULTURES AT NANOMOLAR CONCENTRATIONS (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone that is isolated from the winter cherry (Withania sominifera), confers abrogatory effects on proliferating cancer cells. This is achieved, partly though Withaferin A's ability to retard angiogenesis along with VEGF and calcium signaling. At the level of transcription, Withaferin A inhibits both Nfkb and Sp1 Transcription factor activity. In glioblastomas, Withaferin A promotes cytotoxicity by impinging on Akt/mTOR-associated transduction pathways. In this report, we probe the relationship of Withaferin A with Her2- and EGFR-directed signaling (through the use of receptor-targeted inhibitors such as Afatinib and Lapatinib) in human glioblastomas. METHODS: Human parietal-cortical glioblastoma cells (pcGBM2, GBM39, LN229) were derived from primary tumors. Genomic material (both RNA and DNA) was isolated via standardized methods so as to study the mutational and expression status of relevant gene targets (PTEN, p53, MGMT, EGFRvIII). Proliferative potential of these cells was assessed by the alamar blue bioassay. RESULTS: The human glioblastomas studied displayed both wild-type and mutant p53. Both MGMT and PTEN expressions were usually suppressed. Expression of EGFRvIII was highly variegated with both wild type and vIII receptors being present. GBM39 expressed EGFRvIII levels 20-fold higher than pcGBM2. Growth of GBM39 and pcGBM2 were inhibited by Withaferin A with an IC50 of 0.3 + /-0.05 µM. The EGFR inhibitors, Afatinib and Lapatinib, abrogated glioblastoma growth at IC50s of 4.5/-1.0 uM and 18.0 + /-2.0 uM respectively. Inclusion of 0.15 µM, 0.3 µM and 0.6 µM of Withaferin A on top of Afatinib or Lapatinib resulted in dose-dependent, 2 to 4-fold sensitization of glioblastomas to the Her2/EGFR inhibitors. Addition of the Akt inhibitor, BKM120 to Afatinib and Withaferin A did not add further to the sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that Withaferin A exerts an inhibitory effect on glioblastoma proliferation and that it provides a synergistic effect on inhibition when co-administered with Afatinib or Lapatinib.
Association of Distinct Fine Specificities of Anti−Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies With Elevated Immune Responses to Prevotella intermedia in a Subgroup of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontitis (2017)

This study identifies 2 groups of ACPA fine specificities associated with different RA risk factors. One is predominantly linked to smoking and shared epitope, and the other links anti-cTNC5 and cCK13-1 to infection with the periodontal pathogen P intermedia.
High Performance LSM-ESB Cathode on ESB Electrolyte for Low to Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2011)

Using a highly conductive (Er2O3)0.20(Bi2O3)0.80 (ESB) phase, the performance of conventional La0.80Sr0.20MnO3-δ (LSM) cathodes was dramatically improved. The ESB phase was utilized not only as the ion-conducting phase in the LSM-ESB composite cathode, but also as an electrolyte coupled to LSM-ESB cathode. The electrode area specific resistance (ASR) measured from a symmetric cell consisting LSM-ESB electrodes on an ESB electrolyte was only 0.08 Ω-cm2 at 700oC, which is ~60 % lower than that of LSM-ESB on GDC electrolytes (0.19 Ω-cm2). This significantly small ASR exemplifies the synergic effect of the ESB phase both in the cathode bulk and at the electrolyte/electrode interface. The maximum power density (MPD) of the anode-supported SOFC with a LSM-ESB cathode on an ESB/GDC bilayered electrolyte reached 1013 mW/cm2 at 650 oC. The measured MPDs at IT are to date the highest reported ones for SOFCs using LSM-bismuth oxide composite cathodes.
A statistical strategy to identify recombinant viral ribonucleoprotein of avian, human, and swine influenza A viruses with elevated polymerase activity (2013)

Statistical approach and fractional factorial design are useful to identify the major single subunit or interaction factors that can modulate viral polymerase activity.
Role of network dynamics in shaping spike timing reliability (2005)

We study the reliability of cortical neuron responses to periodically modulated synaptic stimuli. Simple map-based models of two different types of cortical neurons are constructed to replicate the intrinsic resonances of reliability found in experimental data and to explore the effects of those resonance properties on collective behavior in a cortical network model containing excitatory and inhibitory cells. We show that network interactions can enhance the frequency range of reliable responses and that the latter can be controlled by the strength of synaptic connections. The underlying dynamical mechanisms of reliability enhancement are discussed.
Multifunction Sounding Rocket System Development with Advanced Hybrid Propulsion (2015)

Hybrid rocket propulsion is deemed to be advantageous to its solid and liquid counterparts for the safety nature of the designs. With the proposed innovation in this research using dual-vortical-flow (DVF) chambers, hybrid rocket engines can also deliver thrust performance close to that of kerosene liquid engines but with much reduced production cost. Based on this new approach and cost saving strategy, a multifunction sounding rocket system is designed with the features of high performance hybrid combustion, trajectory following flight controls, enhanced science experiments, and an advanced payload recovery method. High fidelity numerical modeling design approach and hot-fire experiments are employed to assess the overall performance of the DVF hybrid rocket engines that has roll control capability embedded in the design. Three basic flight trajectory designs are proposed in this study, namely the traditional standard parabolic trajectory, a TASE (Trajectory Augmented Science Experiments) maneuver and a HOOK (Homing Oriented Operation Kernel) maneuver. The TASE maneuver is designed for maximizing the measurement capabilities of the instruments for atmospheric and ionosphere data profiles. The HOOK maneuver is aiming at improving the success in science payload recovery and in reducing the search and recovery efforts. To achieve these goals, a high performance and reliable flight control system is critical, that incorporates the throttling capability of the DVF hybrid rocket engine, which is one of the key development aspects of this study.
3-D outside cell interference factor for an air-ground CDMA "cellular" system (2000)

We compute the outside-cell interference factor of a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system for a three-dimensional (3-D) air-to-ground (AG) "cellular-like" network consisting of a set of uniformly distributed ground base stations and airborne mobile users. The CDMA capacity is roughly inversely proportional to the outside-cell interference factor. It is shown that for the nearly free-space propagation environment of these systems, the outside-cell interference factor can be larger than that for terrestrial propagation models (as expected) and depends approximately logarithmically upon both the cell height and cell radius.
Towards subvolt and half-mm scale silicon MOS-capacitor MZI modulators (2023)

We report the demonstration of sub-mm scale silicon lateral MOS-capacitor MZI modulators operating at > 100 Gb/s PAM-4. The 3D packaged transmitter demonstrates an RF swing of 1.2Vpp and a TDECQ of 1.7 dB for MZI with a total active length of 600 µm.
Investigation of Critical Heat Flux and Heat Transfer Coefficients of metallic surfaces with micro/nanostructures produced through femtosecond laser surface processing (2016)

Effects of surface Geometry on Critical Heat Flux (CHF) Wettability effect on treated surfaces influencing CHF Femtosecond Laser Surface Processing Surface examples of Processed Stainless Steel Pool Boiling Containment Test Surface Parameters Heat Transfer Data Future Study
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetic Resolution of 5‐Hydroxy‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydrobenzazepines with Chiral 1,1′‐Bi‐2‐naphthol‐Derived Acylating Agents. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.