gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multicenter study of Abbott AxSYM® Digoxin II assay and comparison with 6 methods for susceptibility to digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (1997)

Abstract Performance characteristics of the Abbott nonpretreatment AxSYM® Digoxin II assay were evaluated for quantification of digoxin at four independent sites. Correlation of digoxin measurements with the Abbott pretreatment AxSYM®, Baxter Stratus® II, Abbott TDx/TDxFLx II®, Abbott IMx®, Emit® 2000, and Beckman Synchron CX® digoxin assays showed acceptable agreement, as indicated by: slope values &amp;gt;0.84, r &amp;gt;0.90, y-intercepts for all comparisons at or below the assay detection limit, and Sy|x ranging between 7.5% and 15.4% of the average digoxin value. Susceptibility to interference from digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (DLIFs) was examined in 233 samples from renal patients, liver disease patients, cord blood, and third-trimester pregnancies; the AxSYM Digoxin II assay demonstrated the least DLIFs interference. DLIF susceptibility for four of the methods was significantly greater (P &amp;lt;0.05) than in the AxSYM Digoxin II assay; susceptibilities of the Stratus II and Emit 2000 methods were similar to the AxSYM Digoxin II assay.
Syntheses of Photoactive Analogues of Adenosine Diphosphate (Hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol and Photoaffinity Labeling of Poly(ADP-ribose) Glycohydrolase (1998)

Two isomeric azidoadenosyl analogues of adenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol [ADP-HPD; Slama, J. T., et al. (1995) J. Med. Chem. 38, 389-393] were synthesized as photoaffinity labels for poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. 8-Azidoadenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol (8-N3-ADP-HPD) inhibited the enzyme activity by 50% at ca. 1 microM, a concentration 80-fold lower than that where the isomeric 2-azidoadenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol did. [alpha-32P]-8-N3-ADP-HPD was therefore synthesized and used to photoderivatize poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. Irradiation of recombinant poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase and low concentrations of [alpha-32P]-8-N3-ADP-HPD with short-wave UV light resulted in the covalent incorporation of the photoprobe into the protein, as demonstrated by gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography or acid precipitation of the protein followed by scintillation counting. No photoincorporation occurred in the absence of UV light. The photoincorporation saturated at low concentrations of the photoprobe and photoprotection was observed in the presence of low concentrations of ADP-HPD, an indication of the specificity of the photoinsertion reaction. These results demonstrate that [alpha-32P]-8-N3-ADP-HPD can be used to specifically covalently photoderivatize the enzyme to characterize the polypetides that constitute the ADP-HPD binding site of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. The photoincorporation reaction was further used to determine the ability of ADP-ribose polymers of varying size to compete with [alpha-32P]-8-N3-ADP-HPD for binding to the enzyme. Photoincorporation of [alpha-32P]-8-N3-ADP-HPD was inhibited by 80% in the presence of low concentrations of short, unbranched ADP-ribose oligomers (5-15 ADP-ribose units in length). No similar photoprotection was afforded by the addition of a high-molecular weight highly branched polymer. These results indicate that the photolabel shares a binding site with the short, linear polymer, but not with the long, highly branched polymer.
Evaluating address register assignment and offset assignment algorithms (2011)

In digital signal processors (DSPs), variables are accessed using k address registers. The problem of finding a memory layout, for a set of variables, that minimizes the address-computation overhead is known as the General Offset Assignment (GOA) problem. The most common approach to this problem is to partition the set of variables into k partitions and to assign each partition to an address register. Thus, effectively decomposing the GOA problem into several Simple Offset Assignment (SOA) problems. Many heuristic-based algorithms are proposed in the literature to approximate solutions to both the variable partitioning and the SOA problems. However, the address-computation overhead of the resulting memory layouts are not accurately evaluated. This article presents an evaluation of memory layouts that uses Gebotys' optimal address-code generation technique. The use of this evaluation method leads to a new optimization problem: the Memory Layout Permutation (MLP) problem. We then use Gebotys' technique and an exhaustive solution to the MLP problem to evaluate heuristic-based offset-assignment algorithms. The memory layouts produced by each algorithm are compared against each other and against the optimal layouts. The results show that even in small access sequences with 12 variables or less, current heuristics may produce memory layouts with address-computation overheads up to two times higher than the overhead of an optimal layout.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Spectroscopy of Binuclear Platinum Diphosphite Complexes. (1986)

Abstract The preparation procedure of K4[Pt2(pop)4].2 H 2 O (pop: P 2 O 5 H 2 ) is modified in order to obtain material that is not contaminated by partially oxidized Pt species.
Purification, cyanogen bromide cleavage, and amino terminus sequencing of class 1 and class 3 outer membrane proteins of meningococci (1989)

Meningococcal class 1 and 3 outer membrane proteins (OMPs) were subjected to cyanogen bromide treatment. The class 3 OMP was found to be resistant to cyanogen bromide, while the class 1 OMP was cut into two main fragments of 25 and 17 kilodaltons. The N-terminal sequences were determined for class 1 and class 3 proteins, which exhibit similarities to one another and to OMP I of gonococci. The C-terminal class 1 OMP fragment bound the bactericidal monoclonal antibodies tested.
Simultaneous Bilateral Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Subarachnoid Spinal Anesthesia (1998)

We report our experience performing simultaneous bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SBPN) in four patients with large stone burdens in both kidneys. We modified the previously described approach by combining SBPN with subarachnoid Duramorph (preservative-free morphine sulfate) in an effort to decrease postoperative discomfort and shorten the duration of hospitalization. These patients (study group) were then compared with a contemporary group of four patients with similar bilateral stone burdens who underwent staged bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotomies (PCNs) (control group). The comparison showed a marked advantage in hospital stay (4.8 days for the study group v 11 days for the control group) and postoperative narcotic requirement (27.5 mg of meperidine for the study group v 533 mg for the control group). All four patients were rendered stone free. This method of treatment for large bilateral renal calculi with the addition of subarachnoid Duramorph resulted in less postoperative discomfort, less morbidity, and a more rapid recovery than staged PCN or sandwich PCN/SWL/PCN.
[Prescribed drug use for bipolar disorder type I and II in clinical practice]. (2017)

Prescribed drug use for bipolar disorder type I and II in clinical practice Practice guidelines based on available evidence and clinical consensus are available for the treatment of bipolar disorder. We surveyed to which extent those guidelines are implemented in clinical practice in Sweden. We analysed pharmacological treatment in patients with bipolar disorder in 2015 using the national quality register for bipolar disorder (BipoläR). We compared bipolar disorder type I (BDI) with type bipolar disorder type II (BDII). The vast majority of patients were prescribed a mood stabilizer either as monotherapy or as a part of combination therapy (BDI 87%, BDII 83%, p<0.001). Whereas lithium was the most common mood stabilizer in type I (BDI 65%, BDII 40%, p<0.001), lamotrigine was the most common mood stabilizer in type II (BDI 18%, BDII 42%, p<0.001). Antidepressants were less common in BDI than BDII (35% vs. 53%, p<0.001). Antipsychotic drugs (first or second generation) were more frequently used in BDI than BDII (49% vs 35%, p<0.001). Central stimulants were rarely used (BDI 3.1%, BDII 6.6%, p<0.001). Combining a mood stabilizer with an antipsychotic drug was more common in BDI than BDII (27% vs. 12%, p<0.001), whereas combining a mood stabilizer with an antidepressant was less common in BDI than BDII (16% vs 28%, p<0.001). We conclude that most patients are prescribed mood stabilizers and that the differences between BDI and BDII are rational given the differences in clinical manifestations. The use of antidepressants is surprisingly high given the long-standing debate about the risk and effectiveness of this class in bipolar disorder.
Role of Polymer Structure on the Conductivity of N‐Doped Polymers (2016)

The n‐doping of several conjugated co‐polymers based on perylene diimide (PDI) and napthalene diimide (NDI) acceptors co‐polymerized with ethynylene, ethylene, and bithiophene by the dimeric dopant (2‐Cyc‐DMBI) 2 is reported. The n‐doping reactions are confirmed in solution by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and in thin films with photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS). The reduced species of the ethynylene‐linked polymers are found to be more delocalized along the polymer backbone than the bithiophene‐linked polymers by comparison of the absorption spectra. A high conductivity of 0.45 S cm −1 is measured for the ethynylene‐linked polymer P(PDI2OD‐A). In contrast, neither of the two bithiophene‐linked polymers, P(NDI2OD‐T2) and P(PDI2OD‐T2), achieve conductivities greater than 4 × 10 −3 S cm −1 . Furthermore, there is no correlation between the conductivity of the doped films and the mobility of the pure films used in this study. Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXD) measurements of the films find that a similar doped phase forms irrespective of the crystallinity of the pure host polymer. In absence of a significant difference in morphology, these results suggest a link between the polaron delocalization length of the polymers and the conductivity, and more fundamentally between the backbone structure of the polymer and the polaron delocalization length.
RECURRENCE OF NEPHROTIC SYNDROME IN KIDNEY GRAFTS OF PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL NEPHROTIC SYNDROME OF THE FINNISH TYPE (2002)

Circulating anti-nephrin antibodies seem to have a pathogenic role in the development of heavy proteinuria in kidney grafts of NPHS1 patients with Fin-major/Fin-major genotype.
The computer science of concurrency: the early years (2019)

research-article Share on The computer science of concurrency: the early years Author: Leslie Lamport Microsoft Research Microsoft ResearchView Profile Authors Info & Claims Concurrency: the Works of Leslie LamportOctober 2019 Pages 13–26https://doi.org/10.1145/3335772.3335775Published:04 October 2019Publication History 0citation226DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads226Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
On Flagellar Formation in Caulobacter crescentus: Novel Flagellin Synthesis in Stub-Forming Non-Motile Mutants of C. crescentus (1984)

Defective flagellar organella, stubs, and flagellin synthesis by L-[35S]methionine labeling of two non-motile mutants of C. crescentus CB15 were studied. CB15 wild type synthesized two flagellin species, flagellin A of molecular weight 26,000 and flagellin B of molecular weight 28,000. A DNA phage phi0CbK-resistant non-motile mutant, CB15 pdr-816 [Fukuda et al. (1981) J. Bacteriol. 145, 559-572] did not synthesize flagellin B but synthesized large amounts of flagellin A and a novel flagellin of smaller molecular weight 22,000 (22K flagellin), and formed stubs composed of both flagellin A and 22K flagellin. The other mutant, CB15 fla-801 synthesized only 22K flagellin and formed very short stubs composed of 22K flagellin. Motile revertants were isolated from these mutants. Full revertants were isolated from CB15 fla-801 at a frequency of ca. 10(-7). However, only partial revertants swimming slowly were obtained from CB15 pdr-816 at a similar frequency. Such partial revertants synthesized only flagellin A and formed short flagella in spite of the fact that flagellin A was still synthesized at a higher level than in the wild type. Given the previous finding that flagellin B first polymerizes onto the hook followed by addition of flagellin A onto flagellin B filament [Koyasu et al. (1981) J. Mol. Biol. 153, 471-475], flagellin B seems very important in the formation of normal flagella in C. crescentus. A small amount of 22K flagellin was detected even in wild type cell. Neither conversion nor alteration was observed in flagellin A or B or 22K flagellin by short-pulse and pulse-chase experiments. It was thus suggested that 22K flagellin was not a degradation product formed from other flagellins but was of different origin from flagellins A and B. C. crescentus flagellins consist of several subspecies of different isoelectric points. 22K flagellin consisted of at least three subspecies, in two-dimensional gel, with more basic isoelectric points than other flagellins. Heterogeneity in isoelectric point of polymerized and nascent flagellins was similar, indicating that each subspecies of different isoelectric point can polymerize into filament, and that conversion between subspecies is not needed to form flagellar filament.
Frequency-Domain Pre-Equalization for MC-CDMA/TDD Uplink and Its Bit Error Rate Analysis (2006)

SUMMARY In multi-carrier code division multiple access (MCCDMA) uplink (mobile-to-base station), since different users’ signals go through different frequency-selective fading channels, large multi-access interference (MAI) is produced. The use of frequency-domain equalization reception can only partially restore the orthogonality among different users’ signals, resulting in a severe degradation in the bit error rate (BER) performance. Hence, frequency-domain pre-equalization transmission, which equalizes the MC-CDMA signal before transmission, is recently attracting attention. In this paper, we present a generalized minimum mean square error (GMMSE) frequency-domain pre-equalization transmission suitable for MC-CDMA/TDD uplink. The pre-equalization weight is derived based on the method of Lagrange multipliers. The theoretical analysis of BER performance using the GMMSE frequency-domain pre-equalization transmission in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel is presented and the result is confirmed by computer simulation.
Ultra-low Power Frequency Conversion in Silicon Micro-ring Resonators (2007)

We demonstrate ultra-low-power frequency conversion in a micrometer-sized photonic silicon structure via microcavity-enhanced four-wave mixing. Using continuous-wave pump powers of 5mW, we achieve frequency conversion across the C-band in a compact 50-μm radius ring.
A Contrast Synthesized Thalamic Nuclei Segmentation Scheme using\n Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Thalamic nuclei have been implicated in several neurological diseases.\nWMn-MPRAGE images have been shown to provide better intra-thalamic nuclear\ncontrast compared to conventional MPRAGE images but the additional acquisition\nresults in increased examination times. In this work, we investigated 3D\nConvolutional Neural Network (CNN) based techniques for thalamic nuclei\nparcellation from conventional MPRAGE images. Two 3D CNNs were developed and\ncompared for thalamic nuclei parcellation using MPRAGE images: a) a native\ncontrast segmentation (NCS) and b) a synthesized contrast segmentation (SCS)\nusing WMn-MPRAGE images synthesized from MPRAGE images. We trained the two\nsegmentation frameworks using MPRAGE images (n=35) and thalamic nuclei labels\ngenerated on WMn-MPRAGE images using a multi-atlas based parcellation\ntechnique. The segmentation accuracy and clinical utility were evaluated on a\ncohort comprising of healthy subjects and patients with alcohol use disorder\n(AUD) (n=45). The SCS network yielded higher Dice scores in the Medial\ngeniculate nucleus (P=.003) and Centromedian nucleus (P=.01) with lower volume\ndifferences for Ventral anterior (P=.001) and Ventral posterior lateral (P=.01)\nnuclei when compared to the NCS network. A Bland-Altman analysis revealed\ntighter limits of agreement with lower coefficient of variation between true\nvolumes and those predicted by the SCS network. The SCS network demonstrated a\nsignificant atrophy in Ventral lateral posterior nucleus in AUD patients\ncompared to healthy age-matched controls (P=0.01), agreeing with previous\nstudies on thalamic atrophy in alcoholism, whereas the NCS network showed\nspurious atrophy of the Ventral posterior lateral nucleus. CNN-based contrast\nsynthesis prior to segmentation can provide fast and accurate thalamic nuclei\nsegmentation from conventional MPRAGE images.\n
Resource Allocation for Interweave and Underlay CRs Under Probability-of-Interference Constraints (2012)

Efficient design of cognitive radios (CRs) calls for secondary users implementing adaptive resource allocation schemes that exploit knowledge of the channel state information (CSI), while at the same time limiting interference to the primary system. This paper introduces stochastic resource allocation algorithms for both interweave (also known as overlay) and underlay cognitive radio paradigms. The algorithms are designed to maximize the weighted sum-rate of orthogonally transmitting secondary users under average-power and probabilistic interference constraints. The latter are formulated either as short- or as long-term constraints, and guarantee that the probability of secondary transmissions interfering with primary receivers stays below a certain pre-specified level. When the resultant optimization problem is non-convex, it exhibits zero-duality gap and thus, due to a favorable structure in the dual domain, it can be solved efficiently. The optimal schemes leverage CSI of the primary and secondary networks, as well as the Lagrange multipliers associated with the constraints. Analysis and simulated tests confirm the merits of the novel algorithms in: i) accommodating time-varying settings through stochastic approximation iterations; and ii) coping with imperfect CSI.
X-Ray Damage to CF3CO2-Terminated Organic Monolayers on Si/Au Supports is due Primarily to X-Ray Induced Electrons (1991)

Abstract : X rays damage organic materials. The relative importance of X rays themselves, and of both X ray generated and secondary electrons, in this damage was explored using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on multilayer thin film supports. The substrates were prepared by depositing thin films of Si (0, 50, 100 and 200) on thick layers of Au (2000 Angstroms); these systems were supported on chromium-primed silicon wafers. Trifluoroacetyl-terminated SAMs were assembled on these substrates and the samples irradiated with monochromatic A1 Kalpha X-rays. The fluxes of X rays to which the different samples were exposed were the same, but the fluxes and energy distributions of the electrons generated by interactions of the X rays with the substrates differed. The loss of fluorine from the SAMs was followed by XPS and was slower on substrates emitting a lower flux of electrons. This observation indicated that the electrons, and not the X rays themselves, were largely responsible for the damage to the organic monolayer films that resulted in loss of fluorine from them.
The Three Tiers of Protection (2022)

Abstract The chapter starts with the summary of the three tiers of protection and describes each tier. The core of the first tier is a disclosure to the worker’s employer or someone who is reasonably believed by the worker to be the person responsible or accountable for the relevant failure. The chapter explains how, by setting a low threshold, the statutory provisions seek to encourage the making of such ‘internal’ disclosures, that is to say to the person who can most readily investigate the matter of concern and deal with it, thus promoting accountability. The chapter then discusses disclosures under section 43D ERA, being disclosures made by the worker in the course of obtaining legal advice. The chapter moves on to deal with disclosures to a prescribed person (such as relevant regulator) and explains the different and more rigorous standards which the worker’s belief as to the relevant failure has to meet for such disclosures. There is then consideration of the law relating to wider disclosures as set out in sections 43G and 43H ERA, being disclosures to someone who is not covered by any of the first or second tiers where the threshold for protection is set still higher. The various factors to be considered by the tribunal are addressed including the ‘gateways’ in section 43G(2), one of which must be satisfied in relation to a disclosure under section 43G.
Insights into the Binding of Phenyltiocarbamide (PTC) Agonist to Its Target Human TAS2R38 Bitter Receptor (2010)

Humans' bitter taste perception is mediated by the hTAS2R subfamily of the G protein-coupled membrane receptors (GPCRs). Structural information on these receptors is currently limited. Here we identify residues involved in the binding of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and in receptor activation in one of the most widely studied hTAS2Rs (hTAS2R38) by means of structural bioinformatics and molecular docking. The predictions are validated by site-directed mutagenesis experiments that involve specific residues located in the putative binding site and trans-membrane (TM) helices 6 and 7 putatively involved in receptor activation. Based on our measurements, we suggest that (i) residue N103 participates actively in PTC binding, in line with previous computational studies. (ii) W99, M100 and S259 contribute to define the size and shape of the binding cavity. (iii) W99 and M100, along with F255 and V296, play a key role for receptor activation, providing insights on bitter taste receptor activation not emerging from the previously reported computational models.
Common centroid differential pair signal pin-to-signal pin analog ESD design (2012)

Novel common centroid concepts for analog circuit differential pair ESD protection for both signal pin-to-rail, as well differential pair pin-to-pin protection concepts for small area, capacitance reduction, and mismatch avoidance are demonstrated for the first time.
Thermodynamics on hydride vapor phase epitaxy of AlN using AlCl3 and NH3 (2006)

Abstract A thermodynamic analysis on hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) of AlN using AlCl 3 and NH 3 was performed. Regardless of the carrier gas used, partial pressures of Al‐containing gaseous species [AlCl 3 , AlCl 2 , AlCl and (AlCl 3 ) 2 ] in equilibrium with AlN are significantly low in the temperature range of 500–1500 °C when the input V/III ratio is above 1. This means that the driving force for AlN growth (Δ P Al ) becomes almost equal to the input partial pressure of AlCl 3 , which is quite different from HVPE of GaN. The good agreement between the calculated and experimental growth rates shows that HVPE of AlN is thermodynamically controlled. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)