gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MO786: Monitoring of Arterio-Venous Fistula Maturation using Central-Venous Oxygen Saturation and Estimated Upper-Body Blood Flow: Impact on Catheter Residence Time (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS In hemodialysis patients, assessment of arterio-venous fistula (AVF) maturation is key to reduce the residence time of central venous catheters (CVC). We have introduced the use of central-venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) and estimated upper-body blood flow (eUBBF) as means to monitor AVF maturation [1]. We now report CVC residence time in patients with and without ScvO2-based AVF maturation monitoring. METHOD We studied hemodialysis patients in who ScvO2-based AVF maturation monitoring was implemented within the framework of a clinical quality improvement project (QIP). ScvO2 and hematocrit were measured with Crit-Line (Fresenius Medical Care, Waltham, MA). eUBBF was computed as described previously [1]. We used time-to-event analysis to compare the CVC residence time post-AVF creation between patients who participated in the QIP (intervention group) and non-QIP patients (control group). Both groups were dialyzed in the same geography. Patients were censored at the time of death, change of dialytic modality, transplantation, lost to follow up, recovery of kidney function and end of the observation period (15 November 2021). RESULTS The intervention group comprised 44 patients [age 57 ± 17 years; 27 (61%) males]. In five patients, two AVF were created; in 34 (69%) CVC were removed. The control group comprised of 378 patients (age 59 ± 15 years, 61% males). CVC was removed in 199 (53%) control patients. In the intervention group, CVC were removed 125 days [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 102–171] after AVF creation. In the control group, this time was 236 days (95% CI: 173–404) (P &amp;lt; 0.0003; log rank test; Figure). CONCLUSION Compared to controls, the CVC residence time post AVF-creation was shortened significantly— by about 3.6 months—in patients who participated in a QIP that used ScvO2-baseed assessment of AVF maturation. Measurement of ScvO2 and computation of eUBBF are simple, non-invasive means to track AVF maturation, trigger timely interventions and AVF cannulation and shorten CVC residence time.
Monoamine Oxidase B-Catalyzed Reactions of cis- and trans-5-Aminomethyl-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-ones. Evidence for a Reversible Redox Reaction (1998)

Monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) was previously shown to catalyze the decarboxylation of cis- (1) and trans-5-(aminomethyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one hydrochloride (2) (Silverman, R. B.; Zhou, J. J. P.; Ding, C. Z.; Lu, X. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12895−12896). By [14C]-labeling of the aryl methoxyl group, it is now shown that the decarboxylated product is 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)butanal (7), which is in the same oxidation state as the substrate. Two other products are produced, 4-carboxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)butanal (8), and 5-formyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (9). Only 9 is an oxidation product; 7 and 8 are in the same oxidation state as the substrate (1 or 2). No products are detected under strictly anaerobic conditions. All of these products can be rationalized as arising from the formation of an α-carbon radical, generated either by single-electron amine oxidation and loss of a proton or direct hydrogen atom abstraction to 10 (Scheme 5). This intermediate then can undergo second electron oxidation and hydrolysis of the iminium ion to give 9 (the normal oxidation product). However, it also can suffer either homolytic C−O bond cleavage, decarboxylation, and electron return from the active site to give 7 or heterolytic cleavage and electron return from the active site to give 8. 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-ol (14), an oxidation product from the intermediate that leads to 7, is not detected. These results suggest that MAO B can catalyze reversible redox reactions.
Marine Acquisition Using Wave Gliders: A Field Feasibility Test (2014)

Summary In the summer of 2013 a field test was conducted in the Gulf of Mexico to acquire seismic data during an ocean bottom node (OBN) survey using unmanned water vehicles, or wave gliders, towing a miniature streamer. The wave gliders use wave energy to move in the water and could be programmed to follow a certain path or to hold station. We present the results of this test and compare the seismic data acquired with the wave gliders and OBN.
Proximity Sensing: Modeling and Understanding Noisy RSSI-BLE Signals and Other Mobile Sensor Data for Digital Contact Tracing (2020)

As we await a vaccine, social-distancing via efficient contact tracing has emerged as the primary health strategy to dampen the spread of COVID-19. To enable efficient digital contact tracing, we present a novel system to estimate pair-wise individual proximity, via a joint model of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) signals with other on-device sensors (accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope). We explore multiple ways of interpreting the sensor data stream (time-series, histogram, etc) and use several statistical and deep learning methods to learn representations for sensing proximity. We report the normalized Decision Cost Function (nDCF) metric and analyze the differential impact of the various input signals, as well as discuss various challenges associated with this task.
Online grid impedance estimation for single-phase grid-connected systems using PQ variations (2007)

This paper presents an online grid impedance estimation method for single-phase grid-connected systems, such as photovoltaic systems, small wind turbines, fuel-cells power systems. The method is based on producing a small perturbation on the output of the power converter that is in the form of periodical variations of active and reactive power (PQ variations). The main idea is to make the power converter working in two operation points in order to solve the equation of the equivalent grid impedance. During the perturbation, measurements of voltage and current are performed and signal processing algorithms are used in order to estimate the value of the grid impedance. The online grid impedance estimation method can be used for compliance with the anti-islanding standard requirements (IEEE1574, IEEE929 and VDE0126) and for adaptive control of the grid-connected converters. The proposed method is embedded in the existing power converter control. The selected results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Self-Immolative Bottlebrush Polypentenamers and their Macromolecular Metamorphosis (2019)

The complete depolymerization of a polypentenamer bottlebrush backbone and the kinetic principles involved are discussed. The deconstruction of the bottlebrush occurs from end-to-end in a self-immolative fashion producing individual linear grafts. The phenomenon paints a clearer picture on the original bottlebrush design. Architecture transformations from bottlebrush to linear to star polymers through facile means is explored.&lt;br&gt;
Colloidal PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with High Fill Factor (2010)

We fabricate PbS colloidal quantum dot (QD)-based solar cells using a fullerene derivative as the electron-transporting layer (ETL). A thiol treatment and oxidation process are used to modify the morphology and electronic structure of the QD films, resulting in devices that exhibit a fill factor (FF) as high as 62%. We also show that, for QDs with a band gap of less than 1 eV, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.47 V can be achieved. The power conversion efficiency reaches 1.3% under 1 sun AM1.5 test conditions and 2.4% under monochromatic infrared (lambda=1310 nm) illumination. A consistent mechanism for device operation is developed through a circuit model and experimental measurements, shedding light on new approaches for optimization of solar cell performance by modifying the interface between the QDs and the neighboring charge transport layers.
Plasmodium falciparum induces Foxp3hi CD4 T cells independent of surface PfEMP1 expression via small soluble parasite components (2014)

Elevated levels of regulatory T cells following Plasmodium infection are a well-reported phenomenon that can influence both protective and pathological anti-parasite responses, and might additionally impact on vaccine responses in acutely malaria infected individuals. The mechanisms underlying their induction or expansion by the parasite, however, are incompletely understood. In a previous study, Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells (iRBCs) were shown to induce effector-cytokine producing Foxp3int CD4+ T cells, as well as regulatory Foxp3hi CD4+ T cells in vitro. The aim of the present study was to determine the contribution of parasite components to the induction of Foxp3 expression in human CD4+ T cells. Using the surface PfEMP1-deficient parasite line 1G8, we demonstrate that induction of Foxp3hi and Foxp3int CD4+ T cells is independent of PfEMP1 expression on iRBCs. We further demonstrate that integrity of iRBCs is no requirement for the induction of Foxp3 expression. Finally, transwell experiments showed that induction of Foxp3 expression, and specifically the generation of Foxp3hi as opposed to Foxp3int CD4 T cells, can be mediated by soluble parasite components smaller than 20 nm and thus likely distinct from the malaria pigment hemozoin. These results suggest that the induction of Foxp3hi T cells by P. falciparum is largely independent of two key immune modulatory parasite components, and warrant future studies into the nature of the Foxp3hi inducing parasite components to potentially allow their exclusion from vaccine formulations.
TiFL: A Tier-based Federated Learning System (2020)

Federated Learning (FL) enables learning a shared model across many clients without violating the privacy requirements. One of the key attributes in FL is the heterogeneity that exists in both resource and data due to the differences in computation and communication capacity, as well as the quantity and content of data among different clients. We conduct a case study to show that heterogeneity in resource and data has a significant impact on training time and model accuracy in conventional FL systems. To this end, we propose TiFL, a Tier-based Federated Learning System, which divides clients into tiers based on their training performance and selects clients from the same tier in each training round to mitigate the straggler problem caused by heterogeneity in resource and data quantity. To further tame the heterogeneity caused by non-IID (Independent and Identical Distribution) data and resources, TiFL employs an adaptive tier selection approach to update the tiering on-the-fly based on the observed training performance and accuracy overtime. We prototype TiFL in a FL testbed following Google's FL architecture and evaluate it using popular benchmarks and the state-of-the-art FL benchmark LEAF. Experimental evaluation shows that TiFL outperforms the conventional FL in various heterogeneous conditions. With the proposed adaptive tier selection policy, we demonstrate that TiFL achieves much faster training performance while keeping the same (and in some cases - better) test accuracy across the board.
Push-Pull Technique for Defragmentation in Flexible Optical Networks (2012)

An efficient defragmentation technique based on optical channel re-tuning is proposed for flexible optical networks. Effective defragmentation with no traffic disruption is achieved without additional spare transponders or re-equalization operations.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Mutant KRAS Conversion of Conventional T Cells into Regulatory T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: (A) mRNA level of Kras in wild-type Kras tumor cells (Colo320) overexpressing mutant KrasG12V plasmid (Kras Pd) is significantly higher than cells with a mock plasmid. (B) Representative dot plots showing that the percentage of IL-10+ and TGF-beta1+, CTLA-4+ and CD122+ T-lymphocytes co-cultured with wild-type Kras tumor cells (Colo320) overexpressing mutant KrasG12V plasmid (Kras Pd) is significantly higher than WT-cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Stochastic Engine Final Report: Applying Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods with Importance Sampling to Large-Scale Data-Driven Simulation (2004)

Accurate prediction of complex phenomena can be greatly enhanced through the use of data and observations to update simulations. The ability to create these data-driven simulations is limited by error and uncertainty in both the data and the simulation. The stochastic engine project addressed this problem through the development and application of a family of Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods utilizing importance sampling driven by forward simulators to minimize time spent search very large state spaces. The stochastic engine rapidly chooses among a very large number of hypothesized states and selects those that are consistent (within error) with all the information at hand. Predicted measurements from the simulator are used to estimate the likelihood of actual measurements, which in turn reduces the uncertainty in the original sample space via a conditional probability method called Bayesian inferencing. This highly efficient, staged Metropolis-type search algorithm allows us to address extremely complex problems and opens the door to solving many data-driven, nonlinear, multidimensional problems. A key challenge has been developing representation methods that integrate the local details of real data with the global physics of the simulations, enabling supercomputers to efficiently solve the problem. Development focused on large-scale problems, and on examining the mathematical robustness of the approach in diverse applications. Multiple data types were combined with large-scale simulations to evaluate systems with {approx}{sup 10}20,000 possible states (detecting underground leaks at the Hanford waste tanks). The probable uses of chemical process facilities were assessed using an evidence-tree representation and in-process updating. Other applications included contaminant flow paths at the Savannah River Site, locating structural flaws in buildings, improving models for seismic travel times systems used to monitor nuclear proliferation, characterizing the source of indistinct atmospheric plumes, and improving flash radiography. In the course of developing these applications, we also developed new methods to cluster and analyze the results of the state-space searches, as well as a number of algorithms to improve the search speed and efficiency. Our generalized solution contributes both a means to make more informed predictions of the behavior of very complex systems, and to improve those predictions as events unfold, using new data in real time.
Supplementary Figure 5 from The TGFβ–miR200–MIG6 Pathway Orchestrates the EMT-Associated Kinase Switch That Induces Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 199KB, RNA was extracted from 18 human NSCLCs and 27 pancreatic directly xenografted low passage tumors. Levels of miR200c were measured by quantitative RT-PCR and mRNA levels of Mig6 and EGFR were determined by Affymetrix expression array. Expression levels of A. miR200c, B. Mig6 mRNA or C. EGFR mRNA transcripts were plotted against erlotinib responsiveness.&lt;/p&gt;
Exact calculation of synchronization sequences based on binary decision diagrams (1992)

A synchronization sequence for a synchronous design D is a sequence of primary input vectors which when applied to any initial state of D will drive D to a single state, called a reset state. The authors present efficient methods based upon the universal alignment theorem and binary decision diagrams to compute a synchronization sequence, to compute a tight lower bound for the length of such a sequence, and to check that an initial state given in the specification is a reset state. It was shown in the experiments that the proposed method can handle fairly large circuits and the length of the actual synchronization sequence computed is quite close to the lower bound. >
Nuclear physics and heavy element research at LLNL (2009)

This paper highlights some of the current basic nuclear physics research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The work at LLNL concentrates on investigating nuclei at the extremes. The Experimental Nuclear Physics Group performs research to improve our understanding of nuclei, nuclear reactions, nuclear decay processes and nuclear astrophysics; an expertise utilized for important laboratory national security programs and for world-class peer-reviewed basic research.
The expression of IL-1 β, iNOS and COX-2 genes by human chondrocytes is differentially regulated by reactive oxygen species (2001)

peer reviewed
E-PDDL: A Standardized Way of Defining Epistemic Planning Problems (2021)

Epistemic Planning (EP) refers to an automated planning setting where the agent reasons in the space of knowledge states and tries to find a plan to reach a desirable state from the current state. Its general form, the Multi-agent Epistemic Planning (MEP) problem involves multiple agents who need to reason about both the state of the world and the information flow between agents. In a MEP problem, multiple approaches have been developed recently with varying restrictions, such as considering only the concept of knowledge while not allowing the idea of belief, or not allowing for ``complex" modal operators such as those needed to handle dynamic common knowledge. While the diversity of approaches has led to a deeper understanding of the problem space, the lack of a standardized way to specify MEP problems independently of solution approaches has created difficulties in comparing performance of planners, identifying promising techniques, exploring new strategies like ensemble methods, and making it easy for new researchers to contribute to this research area. To address the situation, we propose a unified way of specifying EP problems - the Epistemic Planning Domain Definition Language, E-PDDL. We show that E-PPDL can be supported by leading MEP planners and provide corresponding parser code that translates EP problems specified in E-PDDL into (M)EP problems that can be handled by several planners. This work is also useful in building more general epistemic planning environments where we envision a meta-cognitive module that takes a planning problem in E-PDDL, identifies and assesses some of its features, and autonomously decides which planner is the best one to solve it.
(E)‐Cycloalkenes and (E,E)‐Cycloalkadienes by Ring Closing Diyne‐ or Enye‐yne Metathesis/Semi‐reduction. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reproductive and obstetric outcomes after radical abdominal trachelectomy for early-stage cervical cancer in a series of 31 pregnancies (2013)

Prospective multicenter studies are needed to determine if the results shown in this retrospective cohort can be generalized to all patients with early-stage cervical cancer who wish to undergo the fertility-sparing RAT procedure.
Porous biodegradable microtubes-based scaffolds for tissue engineering, part I: production and preliminary in vitro evaluation. (2012)

</b></i>results hereby described represent a proof of concept of the process developed and its applicability for obtaining microtubes with controlled porosity. Moreover, two and three dimensional scaffolds built from such fibres showed to be very promising substrates for cell adhesion and growth. Finally, the process developed can be taken into GMP qualification and thus scaffolds can be upgraded to medical devices and used for regenerative medicine into human applications.
Switch‐Peptide in statu nascendi: Induktion von Konformationsübergängen und deren Bedeutung in degenerativen Erkrankungen (2004)

Peptide mit einem Schaltelement S erlauben die gezielte Induktion von Konformationsübergängen – und damit von Struktur und Funktion – unter physiologischen Bedingungen (siehe Schema). Dies eröffnet erstmals den direkten Zugang zu molekularen Prozessen, die z. B. bei Alzheimer-Erkrankungen eine Rolle spielen.
The impact of data-line interference noise on DRAM scaling (1988)

A kind of data-line (DL) interference noise in a scaled DRAM cell array is found and studied through analysis. The dynamic behavior of cell arrays due to sense-amplifier operation is derived analytically. Analysis shows that the amount of interference noise is more than three times larger than expected from simple data-line coupling. A novel experimental technique for precise noise determination is developed to verify the analysis. Analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the interference noise plays a dominant role in determining the operating margin of the DRAM and that a novel process or a cell array architecture for minimizing the interference noise is indispensable in 16-Mb DRAM and beyond.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Observation of Selective Plasmon-Exciton Coupling in Nonradiative Energy Transfer: Donor-Selective versus Acceptor-Selective Plexcitons (2013)

We report selectively plasmon-mediated nonradiative energy transfer between quantum dot (QD) emitters interacting with each other via Förster-type resonance energy transfer (FRET) under controlled plasmon coupling either to only the donor QDs (i.e., donor-selective) or to only the acceptor QDs (i.e., acceptor-selective). Using layer-by-layer assembled colloidal QD nanocrystal solids with metal nanoparticles integrated at carefully designed spacing, we demonstrate the ability to enable/disable the coupled plasmon-exciton (plexciton) formation distinctly at the donor (exciton departing) site or at the acceptor (exciton feeding) site of our choice, while not hindering the donor exciton-acceptor exciton interaction but refraining from simultaneous coupling to both sites of the donor and the acceptor in the FRET process. In the case of donor-selective plexciton, we observed a substantial shortening in the donor QD lifetime from 1.33 to 0.29 ns as a result of plasmon-coupling to the donors and the FRET-assisted exciton transfer from the donors to the acceptors, both of which shorten the donor lifetime. This consequently enhanced the acceptor emission by a factor of 1.93. On the other hand, in the complementary case of acceptor-selective plexciton we observed a 2.70-fold emission enhancement in the acceptor QDs, larger than the acceptor emission enhancement of the donor-selective plexciton, as a result of the combined effects of the acceptor plasmon coupling and the FRET-assisted exciton feeding. Here we present the comparative results of theoretical modeling of the donor- and acceptor-selective plexcitons of nonradiative energy transfer developed here for the first time, which are in excellent agreement with the systematic experimental characterization. Such an ability to modify and control energy transfer through mastering plexcitons is of fundamental importance, opening up new applications for quantum dot embedded plexciton devices along with the development of new techniques in FRET-based fluorescence microscopy.
Front Matter: Volume 6806 (2008)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 6806, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing.