gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Unified Network Coordinate System for Bandwidth and Latency (2008)

Network coordinate systems, such as GNP and Vivaldi, provide virtual positions for networked hosts, which enable the hosts to connect to nearby peers, find the closest server, or organize themselves in a topologically-aware manner. Current network coordinate systems, however, only use latency to compute the positions, leaving out an important network metric—namely bandwidth. In this paper, we present a unified approach that provides virtual positions based on both bandwidth and latency. The key intuition is that network latency and bandwidth are approximate tree metrics, that is, a set of distances that can be embedded in a tree. We first argue based on intuition and analysis of three real-world datasets why bandwidth and latency can be represented as tree metrics. Then, we present Sequoia, an accurate and light-weight system that provides virtual network positions by embedding bandwidth or latency on trees; the network positions computed by Sequoia are as easy to use as a set of coordinates. Finally, we present an evaluation based on the three datasets showing that: 1) Sequoia represents latency as accurately as Vivaldi in addition to being the first ”coordinate ” system for bandwidth; 2) it enables selection of the closest and the most-provisioned (highest bandwidth) server with low error and overhead; and 3) it computes topologically-aware trees, which can be used to organize a networked system efficiently. 1
Lanthanide silanolates: Development of new procedures for the modification of silicones with rare‐earth metals (1995)

Abstract The reactions of Lnl3 3 (Ln = La, Ce, Er, Yb) with sodium silanolate (NaOSiMe 3 ) in THF at room temperature yield lanthanide silanolates Ln(OSiMe 3 ) 3 which seem to be oligomers with μ‐OSiMe 3 ligands. Reaction of Cel 3 with potassium siliconate, KO[Me 1.96 Ph 0.04 SiO] 20.75 K, yields a netted polymer [Me 61.59 Ph 1.29 Si 31.44 O 39.02 Ce] x . An analogous procedure which involves reaction of Lnl 3 (Ln = Ln, Er) with KO[Me 1.96 Ph 0.04 SiO] 50.00 K, and following treatment with NaOSiMe 3 , results in the formation of solublé product (Me 3 SiO) 2 LnO[Me 1.96 Ph 0.04 SiO] 50.00 Ln(OSiMe 3 ) 2 .
An Investigation of Size Deposition Upon Individual Stages of a Cascade Impactor (1990)

The particle size deposition characteristics upon each stage of an inertial impactor have been investigated. Disodium fluorescein and kaolin samples of approximately the same median diameter and distribution were collected by inertial impaction. The Delron DCI-6 cascade impactor was used conventionally, with 38 mm diameter glass slides, and a modified arrangement, with 11 mm diameter glass slides placed concentrically within the larger ones. Samples could thus be separated into those depositing at the center of the slide and those depositing at the outer edge. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. It was concluded that size fractionation upon a stage, that is large particles at the center and smaller ones at the outer edge, does occur, however this is complicated by the incidence of bounce and blow off. Further investigations employing monodispersed powders would enable the contribution of the latter phenomenon to be assessed.
Measurement of the inclusive J/ $$\psi $$ ψ polarization at forward rapidity in pp collisions at $$\mathbf {\sqrt{s} = 8}$$ s = 8 TeV (2018)

We report on the measurement of the inclusive J/ polarization parameters in pp collisions at a center of mass energy s = 8 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.23 pb -1 . J/ resonances are reconstructed in their di-muon decay channel in the rapidity interval 2.5 < y < 4.0 and over the transverse-momentum interval 2 < p T < 15 GeV/c. The three polarization parameters ( , , ) are measured as a function of p T both in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames. The measured J/ polarization parameters are found to be compatible with zero within uncertainties, contrary to expectations from all available predictions. The results are compared with the measurement in pp collisions at
Using overlap volume histogram and IMRT plan data to guide and automate VMAT planning: A head-and-neck case study (2013)

IMRT-data-driven VMAT planning offers a potential method for generating VMAT plans that are comparable to IMRT plans in terms of dosimetric quality.
Analysis and comparative evaluation of a three-phase three-level unity power factor y-rectifier (2003)

The basic principle of operation of a three-phase PWM rectifier system formed by star-connection of three single-phase three-level PWM rectifier modules (three-level y-rectifier) is discussed based on space vector calculus. The mains current ripple resulting for synchronized operation of the phase modules is calculated and comparatively evaluated against a direct three-phase PWM (Vienna) rectifier realization. The current stresses on the power semiconductors and on the passive power components are calculated analytically in order to provide a basis for the system dimensioning. A novel concept for controlling the y-rectifier is proposed which guarantees a symmetric loading of the phase modules and allows to continue the system operation also in case of heavily unbalanced mains voltage and/or for a failure of a mains phase. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of the y-rectifier concept are summarized and topics of further research are identified.
THERMAL SCATTERING LAW ENDF LIBRARIES FOR LIQUID FLIBE (2021)

Several advanced nuclear reactor concepts have been proposed in the past few years where FLiBe molten salt represents a major constituent of the core. In this case, neutrons produced in fission slow down and moderate in FLiBe (a eutectic with a mixture of 2:1 ratio of LiF and BeF 2 ) until they reach low energies (i.e, below 1 eV). At that stage, the thermalization process becomes dominant and the neutrons achieve a quasi-equilibrium energy state that is dependent on the temperature of the moderator. In neutronic simulations, the description of neutron thermalization is captured using the thermal scattering law (TSL), i.e., S(α,β), of the material in which low energy neutrons are interacting. S(α,β) defines the energy-momentum phase space that is available for an incoming low energy neutron. In addition, it is directly proportional to the double differential thermal neutron scattering cross section. In this work, the TSL of molten salt FLiBe is developed based on a generalized density of excitation states (GDOS) derived from atomic trajectories generated using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that were performed with the LAMMPS code. The MD simulations utilized a Born-Mayer type atomic potential function that was verified to reproduce the properties of FLiBe including density and viscosity. The FLASSH code was used to evaluate the TSL’s ENDF File 7 in a temperature range extending from 773 K to 1673 K. In addition, ACE type cross section libraries are produced and tested with the objective of contributing the data to the National Nuclear Data Center for inclusion in the ENDF/B-VIII database.
Millimeter‐wave AlGaAs/InGaAs heterojunction finite‐element monolithic microwave integrated circuit oscillators (1995)

Abstract V‐band and Ka‐band oscillators have been developed using monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). The active elements employed are AlGaAs/InGaAs heterojunction finite element transmitters (FETs) with a 0.15‐μm T‐shaped gate. The oscillators were designed with a series feedback circuit with capacitive stubs at the FET source side for generating negative resistance and a resonance circuit at the gate side. MMIC prototypes have power outputs of 4.5 dBm for a V‐band oscillator ( f osc = 50.5 GHz) and 6.7 dBm for a Ka‐band oscillator ( f osc = 30.6 GHz). The phase noise for the V‐band oscillator is ‐97 dBc/Hz (1 MHz off‐carrier), which is relatively small for a free‐running oscillator.
A baseband gain-controlled amplifier with a linear-in-dB gain range from 14 dB to 76 dB and a fixed corner frequency DC offset canceler (2003)

A linear-in-dB gain-control amplifier for direct conversion systems employs linearized transconductors in a core amp, a dc offset canceller, and a gain control circuit. The offset compensation circuit achieves a constant corner frequency over a gain range of 14 to 76 dB by simultaneous tuning of the transconductors.
Disconnected Pancreatic Duct Syndrome (DPDS) Requiring Distal Pancreatectomy Is a New Indication for Pancreatic Islet Autotransplantation (PIA): Initial Experience in 7 Patients (2007)

Purpose: DPDS after severe acute pancreatitis requires distal pancreatectomy, resulting in diabetes in a third to half of patients. PIA has been reported after total pancreatectomy but not after distal pancreatectomy for DPDS. We report our initial experience with 7 (3 successful) patients. Methods: Clinical, radiologic, endoscopic, and surgical details of 7 patients are shown in table. Three of 7 patients had successful PIA (one with intrahepatic hematoma requiring transfusion and embolization). Only factor which predicted low yield was firm pancreas at surgery in 3 of the remaining 4 patients. Two of these 4 pts developed postoperative diabetes. Results: See Table 1.Table 1: Clinical, Endoscopic and Surgical Characteristics and Outcomes of 7 Patients Undergoing PIAConclusion: PIA is feasible for patients with DPDS undergoing distal pancreatectomy but low islet yield is a problem. PIA needs evaluation in larger number of patients with longer follow-up.
Faseroptische Sensoren (2011)

Die Glasfaser als modernes Medium der Datenübertragung ist heute aus der IT-Welt nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die Lichtführung in einer Faser kann mit verschiedenen Modellen beschrieben werden (siehe entsprechendes Kapitel im zweiten Teil dieses Buchs). In der Nachrichten- und Datentechnik werden möglichst stabile und von äußeren Einflüssen unabhängige Übertragungseigenschaften gefordert. Hier setzten faseroptische Sensoren an. Beeinflussungen des Lichtwegs und einzelner Parameter sind explizit erwünscht, können gemessen und ausgewertet werden. Damit sind Umgebungseinflüsse auf die Übertragungsgröße Licht erfassbar.
FDG-PET/CT for diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer (2011)

FDG-PET/CT scanning has a high diagnostic value in differentiating between malignant and benign tumors, and a low diagnostic value in differentiating between borderline and benign tumors.
Systematic Method for the Kinetic Modeling of Temporally Resolved Hyperspectral Microscope Images of Fluorescently Labeled Cells (2009)

In this paper we report the application of a novel method for fitting kinetic models to temporally resolved hyperspectral images of fluorescently labeled cells to mathematically resolve pure-component spatial images, pure-component spectra, and pure-component reaction profiles. The method is demonstrated on one simulated image and two experimental cell images, including human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) and human A549 pulmonary type II epithelial cells. In both cell images, inhibitor kappa B kinase alpha (IKK(alpha)) and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) were labeled with green and yellow fluorescent protein, respectively. Kinetic modeling was performed on the compressed images by using a separable least squares method. A combination of several first-order decays were needed to adequately model the photobleaching processes for each fluorophore observed in these images, consistent with the hypothesis that each fluorophore was found in several different environments within the cells. Numerous plausible mechanisms for kinetic modeling of the photobleaching processes in these images were tested and a method for selecting the most parsimonious and statistically sufficient model was used to prepare spatial maps of each fluorophore.
On the Performance of Polynomial-time CLIQUE Approximation Algorithms on Very Large Graphs (1994)

The performance of a randomized version of the subgraph-exclusion algorithm (called Ramsey) for CLIQUE by Boppana and Halldorsson is studied on very large graphs. We compare the performance of this algorithm with the performance of two common heuristic algorithms, the greedy heuristic and a version of simulated annealing. These algorithms are tested on graphs with up to 10,000 vertices on a workstation and graphs as large as 70,000 vertices on a Connection Machine. Our implementations establish the ability to run clique approximation algorithms on very large graphs. We test our implementations on a variety of different graphs. Our conclusions indicate that on randomly generated graphs minor changes to the distribution can cause dramatic changes in the performance of the heuristic algorithms. The Ramsey algorithm, while not as good as the others for the most common distributions, seems more robust and provides a more even overall performance. In general, and especially on deterministically generated graphs, a combination of simulated annealing with either the Ramsey algorithm or the greedy heuristic seems to perform best. This combined algorithm works particularly well on large Keller and Hamming graphs and has a competitive overall performance on the DIMACS benchmark graphs.
Practical Considerations for Optimal Mismatched Filtering of Nonrepeating Waveforms (2023)

We consider the intersection between nonrepeating random FM (RFM) waveforms and practical forms of optimal mismatched filtering (MMF). Specifically, the spectrally-shaped inverse filter (SIF) is a well-known approximation to the least-squares (LS-MMF) that provides significant computational savings. Given that nonrepeating waveforms likewise require unique nonrepeating MMFs, this efficient form is an attractive option. Moreover, both RFM waveforms and the SIF rely on spectrum shaping, which establishes a relationship between the goodness of a particular waveform and the mismatch loss (MML) the corresponding filter can achieve. Both simulated and open-air experimental results are shown to demonstrate performance.
Broadband radio-over-fiber link based on high-speed optical modulator for multi-band millimeter-wave radio (2013)

We demonstrated a broadband millimeter-wave signal delivery system over an optical fiber using a high-speed optical modulator. The high spurious-free dynamic range of the system is capable of high-capacity radio signal transport.
Smart Metering of Variable Power Loads (2014)

Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) seeks to determine the operation of individual loads in a building strictly from measurements made on an aggregate current signal serving a collection of loads. Great strides have been made in performing NILM for loads whose operating state can be represented by a finite-state machine, i.e., loads that consume discrete or distinct power levels for periods of time. It is much more difficult to track the operation of continuously variable loads that demand ever-changing power. These loads are becoming more prevalent as variable speed drives, daylight-responsive lighting, and other power electronic controlled loads emerge on the grid. This paper demonstrates a method for tracking the power consumption of variable demand loads nonintrusively. The method applies to any site where NILM might be of interest, including commercial and industrial buildings, residences, and transportation systems.
Field Test Results of the E-VSB System in Korea (2007)

This paper presents and analyses field test results of the Enhanced-VSB (E-VSB) system proposed by Zenith/ATI and adopted as an Advanced Television Standard Committee (ATSC) standard. The possibility of successful reception at outdoor and indoor test points according to types of antennas, noise margin, and ease of reception are measured to analyse performance improvement of the E-VSB system. Verification of backward compatibility between the E-VSB and conventional 8-VSB systems, selection of test points, and configurations of the transmitter and the test vehicle are also presented. The field test results show that the E-VSB system does not only outperform the 8-VSB system at severe multipath environment such as indoor reception, but also is fully backward compatible with it
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Two‐Dimensional Nb4C3 (MXene). (2014)

Abstract Phase‐pure, two‐dimensional Nb 4 C 3 T x (T x : general surface termination) is synthesized by immersion of Nb 4 AlC 3 powder (obtained by in situ hot pressing of mixtures of the elements at 3 MPa and 1700 °C for 1 h) in 48‐51% aqueous HF for 96 h at ambient temperature with stirring (77% yield).
Butyrophilin 2A1 is essential for phosphoantigen reactivity by γδ T cells (2020)

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are essential to protective immunity. In humans, most γδ T cells express Vγ9Vδ2<sup>+</sup> T cell receptors (TCRs) that respond to phosphoantigens (pAgs) produced by cellular pathogens and overexpressed by cancers. However, the molecular targets recognized by these γδTCRs are unknown. Here, we identify butyrophilin 2A1 (BTN2A1) as a key ligand that binds to the Vγ9<sup>+</sup> TCR γ chain. BTN2A1 associates with another butyrophilin, BTN3A1, and these act together to initiate responses to pAg. Furthermore, binding of a second ligand, possibly BTN3A1, to a separate TCR domain incorporating Vδ2 is also required. This distinctive mode of Ag-dependent T cell activation advances our understanding of diseases involving pAg recognition and creates opportunities for the development of γδ T cell-based immunotherapies.
ChemInform Abstract: Blue‐Emitting Sr3Si8‐xAlxO7+xN8‐x :Eu2+ Discovered by a Single‐Particle‐Diagnosis Approach: Crystal Structure, Luminescence, Scale‐Up Synthesis, and Its Abnormal Thermal Quenching Behavior. (2016)

Abstract Sr 3 Si 8‐x Al x O 7+x N 8‐x :Eu 2+ (x = 1.5—3.5) phosphor powders are prepared by firing appropriate amounts of SrCO 3 , Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2 , AlN, and Eu 2 O 3 (1 MPa N 2 , 1500 °C, 2 h).
Roles of d-Amino Acids on the Bioactivity of Host Defense Peptides (2016)

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are positively-charged and amphipathic components of the innate immune system that have demonstrated great potential to become the next generation of broad spectrum therapeutic agents effective against a vast array of pathogens and tumor. As such, many approaches have been taken to improve the therapeutic efficacy of HDPs. Amongst these methods, the incorporation of d-amino acids (d-AA) is an approach that has demonstrated consistent success in improving HDPs. Although, virtually all HDP review articles briefly mentioned about the role of d-AA, however it is rather surprising that no systematic review specifically dedicated to this topic exists. Given the impact that d-AA incorporation has on HDPs, this review aims to fill that void with a systematic discussion of the impact of d-AA on HDPs.
A CMOS Image Sensor with Lateral Electric Field Modulation Pixels for Sub Nano-Second Time Response Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (2015)

2015 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,A CMOS Image Sensor with Lateral Electric Field Modulation Pixels for Sub Nano-Second Time Response Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Platinum sputtered CMOS-MEMS electrothermal probes with piezoresistive force sensing (2009)

We report tip platform platinum sputtering and piezoresistive force sensing employed in CMOS-MEMS electrothermal probes. Pt sputtering is developed to achieve small and reliable electrical contact resistance. Piezoresistive sensors are used to track the force applied on the tips to detect the mechanical contact of the probe and the substrate and to aid in tip registration to the patterned substrates.
Supplementary Figure 4 from AMG 757, a Half-Life Extended, DLL3-Targeted Bispecific T-Cell Engager, Shows High Potency and Sensitivity in Preclinical Models of Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary FIgure 4 AMG 757 demonstrated antitumor activity in the WM266-4 melanoma xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;
Polyene Macrolactam Construction Using a Stille Vinyl-Vinyl Coupling Protocol: An Approach to the Antitumour Antibiotic Substance Leinamycin (1993)

A new approach to polyene macrolactam construction is described, based on an intramolecular Stille vinyl-vinyl coupling strategy, e.g. (10) → (12). The methodology is then applied to a synthesis of the macrolactam unit (17) found in the antitumour antibiotic substance leinamycin (1).
Supplementary Figure 4 from Cisplatin Selects for Multidrug-Resistant CD133<sup>+</sup> Cells in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Activating Notch Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 139K, Enrichment of ALDH+ cells by cisplatin treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Impact of Orbitofrontal Lesions on Electrophysiological Signals in a Stop Signal Task (2014)

Behavioral inhibition and performance monitoring are critical cognitive functions supported by distributed neural networks including the pFC. We examined neurophysiological correlates of motor response inhibition and action monitoring in patients with focal orbitofrontal (OFC) lesions (n = 12) after resection of a primary intracranial tumor or contusion because of traumatic brain injury. Healthy participants served as controls (n = 14). Participants performed a visual stop signal task. We analyzed behavioral performance as well as event-related brain potentials and oscillations. Inhibition difficulty was adjusted individually to yield an equal amount of successful inhibitions across participants. RTs of patients and controls did not differ significantly in go trials or in failed stop trials, and no differences were observed in estimated stop signal RT. However, electrophysiological response patterns during task performance distinguished the groups. Patients with OFC lesions had enhanced P3 amplitudes to congruent condition go signals and to stop signals. In stop trials, patients had attenuated N2 and error-related negativity, but enhanced error positivity. Patients also showed enhanced and prolonged post-error beta band increases for stop errors. This effect was particularly evident in patients whose lesion extended to the subgenual cingulate cortex. In summary, although response inhibition was not impaired, the diminished stop N2 and ERN support a critical role of the OFC in action monitoring. Moreover, the increased stop P3, error positivity, and post-error beta response indicate that OFC injury affected action outcome evaluation and support the notion that the OFC is relevant for the processing of abstract reinforcers such as performing correctly in the task.
Cooperative communications protocol for multiuser OFDM networks (2008)

This paper proposes a relay-based scheme where a fixed number of relays are utilized to design an OFDM cooperative protocol. By exploiting limited feedback from the destination terminal (central node) such that each relay is able to help forward information of multiple sources in one OFDM symbol, the proposed cooperative protocol not only achieves full diversity but also efficiently utilizes available bandwidth. A practical relay assignment scheme is also proposed to specify the pairing of sources and relays in cooperative networks. The outage probability analysis of the proposed cooperative protocol is provided, and the analytical results are validated via simulations. Moreover, a closed-form lower bound on the outage probability of any relay-assignment schemes is established to provide a performance benchmark of the proposed cooperative protocol. Based on the outage probability analysis, the optimum relay location for the proposed relay-assignment scheme is determined. Both theoretical and simulation results show that in WLAN scenario the proposed cooperative protocol can achieve significant coverage extension compared to the direct transmission.