gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Source-Based Names of Homopolymers Formed by Chain Polymerization, Ring-Opening Polymerization or Polyaddition (2017)

IUPAC recommendations on source-based nomenclature for single-strand polymers have so far addressed its application mainly to copolymers, non-linear polymers and polymer assemblies, and within generic source-based nomenclature of polymers. In this document, rules are formulated for devising a satisfactory source-based name for a polymer, whether homopolymer or copolymer, which are as clear and rigorous as possible. Thus, the source-based system for naming polymers is presented in a totality that serves as a user-friendly alternative to the structure-based system of polymer nomenclature. In addition, because of their widespread and established use, recommendations for the use of traditional names of polymers are also elaborated.
Abstract 1933: Improved DAMP assays for the in vitro assessment of immunogenic cell death (2021)

Abstract The extracellular levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released during immunogenic cell death (ICD) are positively correlated with the magnitude and efficacy of the resulting in vivo immune response. Therefore, extracellular ATP (eATP) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) have been identified as key biomarkers for their predictive capacity during in vitro ICD screening activities. Current methods for identifying eATP and HMGB1 inducers are laborious, costly, and hampered by poor throughput. To overcome these challenges, we developed easy-to-use, homogeneous, bioluminescent assays that measure dose-dependent release of these immunostimulatory agents directly in cell culture. The eATP assay utilizes an optimized ATP detection chemistry that can be employed directly to assess live-cell kinetic responses for up to 24 h, with even longer exposures supported by a staggered reagent addition approach. The HMGB1 assay measures the protein's concentration at exposure endpoint in the same sample well using complementary luciferase fragment-labelled monoclonal antibodies. We tested the utility of the assays using U20S, Jurkat and U937 cells dosed with serial dilutions of known ICD inducers (doxorubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, and bortezomib). The resulting data suggest the potency of eATP and HMGB1 release is dependent upon cell model and agent but can be reproducibly and robustly measured in 96 and 384 well environments. Further, the eATP assay produced remarkable early dose-dependent response resolution whereas the HMGB1 data provided a confirmatory post-mortem ICD parameter. This new ICD biomarker detection workflow may help to efficiently define and rank-order the capacity of new chemical entities to induce apoptosis and immunogenic cell death. Citation Format: Andrew L. Niles, Kevin R. Kupcho, Dan F. Lazar, James J. Cali. Improved DAMP assays for the in vitro assessment of immunogenic cell death [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1933.
A novel adjuvant–allergen complex, CBP–rFel d 1, induces up‐regulation of CD86 expression and enhances cytokine release by human dendritic cells in vitro (2004)

Allergen-specific immunotherapy is commonly performed with allergen extracts adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (alum). The undesirable effects associated with the use of alum, including granuloma formation at the site of injection and stimulation of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production, has generated interest in alternative allergen carriers, one being carbohydrate-based particles (CBPs). Here, we have investigated the in vitro effects of the recombinant major cat allergen Fel d 1 (rFel d 1) coupled to CBPs (CBP-rFel d 1) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) obtained from healthy blood donors. A majority of the CD1a(+) MDDCs internalized fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled CBP-rFel d 1, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. Furthermore, an up-regulation of the expression of the costimulatory molecule, CD86, on the MDDCs was induced by CBP-rFel d 1, but not by rFel d 1 or CBPs alone. Finally, three- and fourfold increases in the release of interleukin-8 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, respectively, were observed when MDDCs were cultured in the presence of CBP-rFel d 1. Altogether, our results indicate that the use of CBPs as an allergen carrier and adjuvant is a promising candidate for the improvement of allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Study of Nanosecond Laser Annealing on Silicon Doped Hafnium Oxide Film Crystallization and Capacitor Reliability (2022)

Study on the effect of nanosecond laser anneal (NLA) induced crystallization of ferroelectric (FE) Si-doped hafnium oxide (HSO) material is reported. The laser energy density (0.3 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 1.3 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and pulse count (1.0 to 30) variations are explored as pathways for the HSO based metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitors. The increase in energy density shows transition toward ferroelectric film crystallization monitored by the remanent polarization (2P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> ) and coercive field (2E <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> ). The NLA conditions show maximum 2P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim 24\ \mu\mathrm{C}/\text{cm}^{2}$</tex> ) comparable to the values obtained from reference rapid thermal processing (RTP). Reliability dependence in terms of fatigue (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> cycles) of MFMs on NLA versus RTP crystallization anneal is highlighted. The NLA based MFMs shows improved fatigue cycling at high fields for the low energy densities compared to an RTP anneal. The maximum fatigue cycles to breakdown shows a characteristic dependence on the laser energy density and pulse count. Leakage current and dielectric breakdown of NLA based MFMs at the transition of amorphous to crystalline film state is reported. The role of NLA based anneal on ferroelectric film crystallization and MFM stack reliability is reported in reference with conventional RTP based anneal.
Identification of the Total Peripheral Resistance Baroreflex Impulse Response from Spontaneous Hemodynamic Variability: Validation by Chronic Arterial Baroreceptor Denervation (2007)

We have previously proposed a technique for estimating the static gain values and impulse response of the arterial and cardiopulmonary total peripheral resistance (TPR) baroreflex by mathematical analysis of beat-to-beat fluctuations in arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and stroke volume. In this study, we evaluated the technique with respect to spontaneous hemodynamic variability measured from seven conscious dogs before and after chronic arterial baroreceptor denervation. Our results show that the technique correctly predicted the alterations in TPR baroreflex functioning that are known to occur following the baroreceptor denervation.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled Preparation of Mono‐ and Bimetal Clusters in Zeolites (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Conformational Transitions at an S‐Layer Growing Boundary Resolved by Cryo‐TEM (2013)

Eine einzelne Graphenschicht als Substrat für die Selbstorganisation von Protein-S-Schichten erweist sich als ideale Oberfläche, um die Grenzausdehnung durch schnelles Einfrieren und Kryo-TEM zu verfolgen und die Konformationen an der Ausdehnungsfront zu beobachten (siehe Bild). Man erhält Momentaufnahmen der Rekrutierung und Reifung von Untereinheiten im Zuge des Selbstorganisationsprozesses.
R/V SONNE 208 PLUMEFLUX Cruise: Extent of the influence of the Galapagos Plume on the surrounding upper mantle and variations in plume- ridge interaction through time (2010)

The R/V SONNE cruise (funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research) had two major study areas. During Leg 1, nineteen seamounts on the Cocos Plate, formed at the East Pacific Rise but presently located off the coast of NW Costa Rica and SW of Nicaragua, were sampled to evaluate: 1) if they were formed by the Galapagos hotspot and thus to constrain the extent of the influence of the Galapagos plume on the upper asthenosphere and lithosphere, and 2) to constrain better the input into the Central American subduction zone. The second study area was the Cocos-Nazca (Galapagos) Spreading Center (GSC) north of the Galapagos Hotspot. The main goal of Leg 2 was to sample profiles of the seafloor perpendicular to the GSC, in order to reconstruct plume-ridge interaction in the past. We mapped (with Simrad EM-120) and collected samples via dredging from 60 localities along five profiles. The first and most detailed profile (with 23 sampled localities) extended from the ridge axis at ~92°W, where the R/V Atlantis AT15-63 GRUVEE cruise carried out a detailed sampling with Alvin of the ridge axis earlier in the year, to ~50 km to the north. The ridge-flank morphology shows alternating regions of abyssal hills (possibly reflecting less plume input into the ridge) and wider bands of elevated topography commonly containing seamounts, some of which are tectonically deformed (possibly reflecting axial ridge type morphology and thus greater plume input into the ridge). The second profile was carried out at the shallowest part of the ridge axis, closest to the hotspot, just to the east of the 91°W Transform fault. The profile was kept to 15 km, because further north the Cocos Ridge begins, which was extensively sampled during the R/V Melville MV1007 cruise in June 2010. The third profile extended 30 km north of the ridge at ~89.50°W, where a seamount has been split across the spreading ridge. We want to evaluate how far in the past the unique enriched geochemical anomaly associated with the seamount persisted. Thirteen sites were successfully sampled along a fourth profile at 89°10’W, extending 35 km north and 35 km south of the spreading center into crust up to 500,000 yrs old. This site was selected, because a major depleted geochemical anomaly coincides with a leftlateral en echelon offset of the ridge axis, possibly forming an incipient overlapping spreading center. A final short profile was carried out to the north and south and east (on the ridge axis) of a lava plateau at 88°20’W that fills in valley and ridge type morphology on the ridge and represents an enriched anomaly along the ridge axis. Seafloor morphology strongly suggests that the intensity of interaction of the plume with the ridge has varied considerably over the last several hundred thousand years along the entire part of the ridge that we studied. Geochemical data should allow us to constrain better variations in plume-ridge interaction through time.
Pulsed injection locking dynamics of passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser systems for all-optical clock recovery (2000)

The performance characteristics of a pulse injection locked, passively mode-locked (PML) external-cavity semiconductor laser system for all-optical clock recovery are investigated in detail. It is important to characterize the clock recovery dynamics to understand the fundamental capabilities and limitations of the clock recovery system. It is experimentally shown that these devices offer robust clock recovery with low phase and amplitude noise, low injected data power requirements, large frequency locking bandwidth, large phase tracking bandwidth, short lockup time, long dephasing time and immunity to bit-pattern-effects. Harmonic clock generation and subharmonic clock generation are demonstrated for data-rate conversion applications.
PH1-derived bivalent bibodies and trivalent tribodies bind differentially to shed and tumour cell-associated MUC1 (2010)

Most adenocarcinomas express altered MUC1 as a tumour-associated antigen. Due to suboptimal glycosylation in tumour-associated MUC1, the apomucin core is exposed, revealing new epitopes for antibody-directed immunotherapy. The human PH1 Fab binds specifically to this MUC1 apomucin. We describe the engineering and functional characterization of bi- and trivalent recombinant antibody derivatives from the PH1 Fab. Bi- and tribodies were made using the disulfide-stabilized Fab fragment as a heterodimerization scaffold with PH1 single-chain variable fragments fused to either one or both Fab-chain C-termini. Immunoassays revealed 27- and 165-fold improved dissociation constants (K(D) = 30 and 5 nM) of the PH1 bi- and tribodies compared with the parental Fab (K(D) = 820 nM). Unexpectedly, major differences were seen in the ability of the antibody constructs to bind shed and tumour cell-tethered MUC1. While the tribody did not discriminate between both MUC1 forms, the bibody demonstrated preferential interaction with membrane-bound MUC1 compared with shed MUC1. This preferential recognition of membrane-bound MUC1, along with the high serum stability of the bibody, its intermediate size and efficient internalization by MUC1(+) cells, makes the human PH1-derived bibody a valuable candidate as a cancer-targeting therapeutic.
Development of a selective androgen receptor modulator for transdermal use in hypogonadal patients (2018)

We have identified a non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), termed LY305, that is bioavailable through a transdermal route of administration while highly cleared via hepatic metabolism to limit parent compound exposure in the liver. Selection of this compound and its transdermal formulation was based on the optimization of skin absorption properties using both in vitro and in vivo skin models that supported PBPK modeling for human PK predictions. This molecule is an agonist in perineal muscle while being a weak partial agonist in the androgenic tissues such as prostate. When LY305 was tested in animal models of skeletal atrophy it restored the skeletal muscle mass through accelerated repair. In a bone fracture model, LY305 remained osteoprotective in the regenerating tissue and void of deleterious effects. Finally, in a small cohort of healthy volunteers, we assessed the safety and tolerability of LY305 when administered transdermally. LY305 showed a dose-dependent increase in serum exposure and was well tolerated with minimal adverse effects. Notably, there were no statistically significant changes to hematocrit or HDL after 4-week treatment period. Collectively, LY305 represents a first of its kind de novo development of a non-steroidal transdermal SARM with unique properties which could find clinical utility in hypogonadal men.
Increased intestinal viscosity depresses carcass growth and encourages intestinal proliferation of Escherichia coli in weaner pigs (2000)

Although it is recognised that high levels of dietary insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) depress growth in pigs (1), trials investigating the effect of dietary soluble NSPs (sNSP) on performance have produced inconsistent results, depending on the type of grain fed, age of pig and other interacting factors. Diets with high levels of sNSP depress growth and have anti-nutritive properties when fed to poultry, and part of this effect is attributed to the ability of sNSP to increase the viscosity of intestinal digesta (2). A previous study into the effects of guar gum, a viscous water-soluble NSP, on the performance and health of weaner pigs showed a detrimental effect on growth and an exacerbation of experimental post-weaning colibacillosis caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli when this ingredient was fed (3).&#13;\n&#13;\nThe aim of this study was to further investigate the potential detrimental effects of increased intestinal viscosity in weaner pigs by feeding them an experimental diet supplemented with carboxymethycellulose (CMC), a water-soluble preparation resistant to fermentation. The effect of increased viscosity on gastrointestinal development, growth performance and incidence of diarrhoea caused by haemolytic E. coli was monitored.
Experimental demonstration of coherent beam combining over a 7 km propagation path (2011)

We demonstrate coherent combining (phase locking) of seven laser beams emerging from an adaptive fiber-collimator array over a 7 km atmospheric propagation path using a target-in-the-loop (TIL) setting. Adaptive control of the piston and the tip and tilt wavefront phase at each fiber-collimator subaperture resulted in automatic focusing of the combined beam onto an unresolved retroreflector target (corner cube) with precompensation of quasi-static and atmospheric turbulence-induced phase aberrations. Both phase locking (piston) and tip-tilt control were performed by maximizing the target-return optical power using iterative stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) techniques. The performance of TIL coherent beam combining and atmospheric mitigation was significantly increased by using an SPGD control variation that accounts for the round-trip propagation delay (delayed SPGD).
Ferroelectric polarization imaging using apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy (2000)

This paper reviews the technique of apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy (ANSOM) and its use in mapping the inhomogeneous ferroelectric polarization in BaxSr1−xTiO3 thin films. A preliminary survey compares ANSOM with fiber-based near-field microscopy, highlighting the advantages and limitations of both methods. Interferometric ANSOM is described in detail, including a practical description of how ANSOM images are acquired. A discussion of the various contrast mechanisms in ANSOM is followed by a prescription for eliminating a certain class of topographic artifacts. For the imaging of polarization in ferroelectric thin films, the linear electro-optic effect provides the central contrast mechanism. High-resolution ANSOM images show the existence of polar nanodomains in BaxSr1−xTiO3 films, providing strong direct evidence of its relaxor character.
Weak surface anchoring energy of 4-cyano-4′-pentyl-1,1′-biphenyl on perfluoropolyether Langmuir-Blodgett films (2007)

Functional director alignment layers are needed for high performance liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Reported herein is a novel polymer material for LC alignment, namely, perfluoropolyether (PFPE), which exhibits a weak surface anchoring energy for bend deformation and is amenable to simple fabrication of grooved surfaces by soft lithography, a surface topography desired for multistable LCDs. Liquid crystal optical cells fabricated using Langmuir-Blodgett films of PFPE (of variable thickness) exhibited weak surface anchoring energies on the order of 10(-5) Jm2 for the nematic liquid crystal 4-cyano-4'-pentyl-1,1'-biphenyl with no dependence on film thickness.
Effect of background melanopsin activation levels on contrast sensitivity mediated by postreceptoral pathways (2018)

Introduction: Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are sensitive to light through a photopigment called melanopsin. IpRGCs project axons to the lateral geniculate nucleus, suggesting melanopsin activation may contribute to visual perception. Here, we assessed the effect of background melanopsin activation level on contrast sensitivity mediated by the magno- (MC-), parvo- (PC-) and konio-cellular (KC-) pathways. Methods: A Maxwellian-view 5-primary photostimulator that can independently control rods, three types of cones and melanopsin activation in ipRGCs was used to generate square-wave modulations (1, 3, 8 and 16 Hz) targeting the three visual pathways, including L+M+S for the magno-, L/(L+M) for parvo- and S for konio-cellular pathway. The stimulus field was a 10.5°-30° annulus. For each stimulus type, temporal contrast sensitivity was measured 2,000 and 20,000 Td under two background melanopsin activation conditions, "Mel-High" and "Mel-Low", with the "Mel-High" condition having background melanopsin activation 25.6% higher than the "Mel-Low" condition. Results: At 20,000 Td, a higher background melanopsin level decreased contrast sensitivity at most of the test frequencies for the modulation types. At 2,000 Td, however, contrast sensitivity was reduced only at 8 Hz and 16 Hz for the S/(L+M) modulation in the KC-pathway. Conclusions: Background melanopsin activation level can modulate the contrast sensitivity mediated by the MC-, PC- and KC-pathways, and the melanopsin´s modulation effect depended on light levels Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2018
Estudio de factibilidad para la implementación de un laboratorio de cómputo basado en software libre. Caso de estudio: División ingenierías de la universidad tecnológica de Bahía de Banderas (2013)

The objective of the research was to analyze the possibility of implementing a computer lab
using only free software on both the operating system and computer programs in which
they can teach those subjects whose structure requiring the use of a software cover thematic
units that constitute the Engineering Division of the Technical University of Banderas Bay
located in the state of Nayarit.
The research design was qualitative since statistical data were not used because
conclusions were made based on the information accessed on websites and articles by other
researchers as well as e-book, we analyzed the physical characteristics of the equipment
University computer to choose the free operating system that best suits the hardware and
free software alternatives that perform the same functions as their counterparts in
proprietary software and that in turn meet the requirements that each of the subjects taught
in the Engineering Division which are information Technology, Renewable Energy and
Industrial Maintenance
Throughput coverage simulations based on signal level measurements at 825 MHz and 3535 MHz (2010)

This contribution compares the predicted downlink throughput coverage of a WiMAX-like system - located in a rural environment - for different operating frequencies and transmit power levels. The throughput, which is simulated using the parameters of the IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard, is based on extensive received signal power level measurements carried out with a mobile radio scanner at the frequencies 825 MHz and 3.5 GHz. The resulting path losses are combined with a virtual transmitter-receiver system to compare the throughput coverage at different frequencies and transmit power levels for each location. The outcome of the throughput prediction clearly shows that in built-up areas the use of lower frequencies is beneficial in terms of both needed transmit power and achievable coverage to provide high data rates over the air.