gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High speed pin photodetector with ultra-wide spectral responses (2005)

We report the design and fabrication of a high speed surface illuminated <i>pin</i> photodetector with a wide spectral response. An InGaAs based detector was grown lattice matched to InP and the device was fabricated using a novel technique to facilitate the direct absorption of incoming photons in the InGaAs layer without being absorbed by any other wider bandgap material. The absorption of a wide spectrum of wavelengths was achieved by recess etching almost all of the InP contact layer above the InGaAs absorption layer of a <i>pin</i> photodiode subsequent to ohmic contacts formation. Theoretical simulation shows responsivities above 0.6 A/W between 900 and 1600 nm and a linear reduction to 0.3 A/W at 650 nm. This makes the detector operational in both visible and near-infrared spectrum. The responsivities are 0.50, 0.77, and 0.67 A/W for 840, 1310 and 1550 nm respectively. These values confirm the potential of the device to be effective in all of the optical fiber communication wavelengths. Our calculations also show that the device can operate above 10 GHz throughout the spectrum.
A Positive Regulatory Sequence of Hepatitis B Viral Small X Promoter (1996)

Hepatitis B viral X protein (HBx) and small X proteins (HBSx) are known to transactivate promoters for RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III. Small X promoter has been mapped in the 5'-distal half of the X open reading frame. A 5'-serial deletion analysis showed that there was a positive regulatory sequence for the efficient transcription of the small X promoter. Two cellular proteins of 110 kDa (p110) and 33 kDa (p33) bound at the 3' and 5' regions of the regulatory sequence, respectively. Mutation of p33-binding and p110-binding sites led to diminution and elevation, respectively, of activation properties of the positive element, suggesting that p33 participates in the transactivation and that p110 has an inhibitory effect on the function of p33. This possibility was further supported by the result demonstrating that in vitro phosphorylation of p110 reduced its target DNA-binding capability.
Molecular allergen profiling in horses by microarray reveals Fag e 2 from buckwheat as a frequent sensitizer (2018)

In line with the One Health concept, covering human health, animal health and environmental health, allergen microarrays provide novel information on the allergen sensitization patterns of the companion animals around us, which may form a basis for allergen-specific preventive and therapeutic concepts.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Poly(1,3-dithienylisothianaphthene) Derivative for Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells (2001)

The synthesis of a poly(1,3-dithienylisothianaphthene) (PDTITN) derivative obtained via oxidative polymerization of 5,6-dichloro-1,2-bis(3‘-dodecylthienyl)isothianaphthene is described. PDTITN exhibits a band gap of 1.80−1.85 eV. The redox properties of PDTITN were characterized using cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemisty. Photoexcitation of PDTITN results in photoluminescence (PL) in the near-IR region and the formation of a triplet state. In the presence of a methanofullerene (PCBM) as an electron acceptor, PL and triplet formation of PDTITN are quenched. In photovoltaic devices using blends of the polymer with PCBM, the observed incident-photon-to-collected-electron efficiency (IPCE) up to 24% at 400 nm and the 3 orders of magnitude increase of short circuit current as compared to the polymer alone prove the photoactivity of the PDTITN/PCBM blend in the device.
Chromatic dispersion tolerance in optimized NRZ-, RZ- and CSRZ-DPSK demodulation (2008)

We present the results of a comprehensive analysis optimizing the performance of DPSK systems with increased FSR and narrow optical filtering, establishing improved chromatic dispersion tolerance of NRZ-DPSK by 20%, RZ-DPSK by 71% and CSRZ-DPSK by 74% approximately. Transmitting a 40Gb/s signals on a spectrally efficient 50GHz DWDM grid still exhibit improvements of 7% for NRZ-DPSK, 37% for RZ-DPSK and 22% for CSRZ-DPSK, relative to a typical DPSK receiver. The optimized delay and optical filtering scale with the amount of chromatic dispersion. We also demonstrate the impact of limited transmitter bandwidth on optimal optical filtering and bit delay parameters.
TheSlocus glycoprotein and theSreceptor kinase are sufficient for self-pollen rejection inBrassica (2000)

Self-incompatibility (SI) is one of several mechanisms that have evolved to prevent inbreeding in plants. SI in Brassica is controlled by the polymorphic S locus complex. Two S locus-encoded proteins are coordinately expressed in the stigma epidermis: the cell wall-localized S locus glycoprotein (SLG) and the plasma membrane-anchored S receptor kinase (SRK). These proteins are thought to recognize a pollen factor that leads to the rejection of self-pollen. Evidence has accumulated that indicates that both proteins are necessary for the ability of the stigma to inhibit self-pollen. However, it has not been possible to prove this necessity definitively or to demonstrate that these genes are sufficient for this phenotype, because previous attempts to transfer this phenotype via transformation have not been successful. In this study, two overlapping S locus genomic clones, which cover ≈55 kilobases of DNA and contain the SLG , SRK , and an anther-expressed gene in the region common to the two, were introduced into a self-compatible Brassica napus line. The resulting transgenic plants were shown to carry the female part of the SI phenotype, rejecting pollen in a haplotype-specific manner. However, the pollen SI phenotype was not found in any of the transgenic plants. These data show that the SLG and SRK are sufficient for the female side but not the male side of the SI phenotype in Brassica and that there must be an independent pollen S factor encoded outside the cloned region.
Photoactivated 8-methoxypsoralen treatment causes a peptide-dependent increase in antigen display by transformed lymphocytes (1998)

Ex vivo exposure of malignant human T cells to photoactivated 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOPa), followed by their i.v. return, appears to vaccinate patients against tumor-associated antigens of cutaneous T cell lymphoma in a procedure termed photopheresis. The molecular basis of this Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy, administered in 100 centers worldwide, is unclear. Most of the attention to the mechanism of action of the drug has focused on its capacity to form covalent cross-links with pyrimidine bases of DNA, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation. Because immunologic factors appear to be important in the clinical response and could potentially serve as a model for immunotherapy of other malignancies, we explored the possibility that 8-MOP-treated cells display increased quantities of antigenic peptides at their cell surface. In this work, human B-lymphoblastoid tissue culture lines were exposed to 8-MOPa and expression of cell surface class I major histocompatibility complex proteins assessed, since CD8 T cells recognize antigenic moieties in the context of class I molecules. A peak 200-300% increase in MHC class I expression in 8-MOPa-treated cells occurred at 20 hr. 8-MOPa was far more effective in inducing this increase in class I MHC than other modalities, including mitomycin C, gamma-irradiation, ultraviolet B or heat or cold shock. This increase in surface class I MHC molecules appears to be driven by the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins into small peptides, followed by the transport of these peptides to MHC class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. The data suggest that 8-MOPa treatment may augment the immunogenicity of tumor and/or antigen-presenting cells by enhancing processing and transport of class I MHC antigenic peptides.
Detection of the class 1 integrons and SGI1 among Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104, U302, DT120, DT193, and nontypable human isolates. (2010)

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains of particular phage types, such as DT104, U302, DT120, DT193, and nontypable strains, are often characterized by resistance to multiple antibiotics. This antibiotic resistance can be caused by the presence of the integrons, transposons, Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), or conjugative plasmids. In this study we were interested in the relative contribution of integrons and SGI1 to the antibiotic resistance of the four mentioned phage types and nontypable S. Typhimurium human strains. Altogether 193 isolates were characterized for antibiotic susceptibility, presence of class 1 integrons, and the left junction of SGI1. Based on the presence of class 1 integrons and the left junction of SGI1, all strains could be clustered into three groups. The first group consisted of 69 strains positive for both the class 1 integrons and the left junction of SGI1. The strains of this group belonged mainly to DT104, U302, and DT120 phage types with resistance phenotype ACSSuT or ACSSuTNA. The second group comprised 9 strains which were positive only for the presence of class 1 integrons. In this group were some strains of multiple-antibiotic-resistant phage types: DT120, DT193, U302; and nontypable. The third group consisted of 115 strains in which neither the class 1 integrons nor the left junction of SGI1 were detected. Although the isolates were resistant to 2-8 antibiotics, the most frequent resistance type of these strains were ASSuT and SSu. By nucleotide sequencing of class 1 integrons PCR amplicons, the following embedded gene cassettes were determined: aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aadA7, bla(PSE-1), sat1, dfrA1; and dfrA14. Our study shows a high prevalence and diversity of class 1 integrons embedded antimicrobial gene cassettes and their strong association with SGI1.
Stand der NOTES-Entwicklung in Deutschland: Statusbericht des D-NOTES-Kongresses 2011 (2012)

NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Surgery) hat sich mittlerweile zu einem bekannten und etablierten Begriff im Vokabularium der Chirurgen und Gastroenterologen entwickelt. Allerdings befindet sich zurzeit der Bekanntheitsgrad des Namens im reziproken Verhältnis zu der Akzeptanz der Methode. Zu Beginn der Arbeit entstand eine weltweite Euphorie. Doch die darauf folgende Erkenntnis, dass NOTES nicht nur die augenblickliche Aufmerksamkeit auf sich zieht, sondern einen langen, steinigen und v. a. arbeitsreichen Weg der Entwicklung, gekoppelt mit Rückschlägen und Neuorientierungen bedingt, hat mittlerweile zu einer Erkaltung des breiten Interesses geführt. Dennoch haben sich schon heute die Landschaften der (laparoskopischen) Chirurgie und der gastrointestinalen (GI-)Endoskopie durch die neuen Perspektiven und Entwicklungen grundlegend geändert, wenn auch nicht so sehr in Richtung neuer, aggressiver Operationen mit Zugang durch eine natürliche Körperhöhle in eine sterile. Die Veränderung liegt bisher vielmehr in der veränderten Perzeption der Routinearbeit. Die laparoskopischen Chirurgen haben die Möglichkeit erhalten, weniger Trocare einzusetzen und ihre Routineeingriffe immer weniger invasiv durchzuführen. Zur Patientensicherheit werden Hybridtechniken bevorzugt. Die gastroenterologischen Endoskopiker haben, seitdem die Möglichkeit zum endoskopischen Verschluss der GI-Wand zur Verfügung steht, die Angst vor der „Perforation“ wohl aber nicht den Respekt davor verloren. Durch die neu erlangte Fähigkeit, nicht nur innerhalb, sondern auch mit und jenseits der GI-Wand zu arbeiten, haben sich verschiedene Methoden zur endoskopischen Therapie von Perforationen eröffnet, ohne die NOTES gar nicht möglich wäre. Sie bieten auch die Möglichkeit für immer invasivere endoskopische Verfahren. So wären vor wenigen Jahren endoskopische Vollwand-Resektionen oder -Myotomien undenkbar gewesen. Alleine die heute zur Verfügung stehenden Verschlusstechniken haben große Verbreitung gefunden und werden zurzeit bereits für die Routine genutzt, z. B. der Ovesco-Clip.
Supplemental Table 1 from mWTX-330, an IL-12 INDUKINE Molecule, Activates and Reshapes Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T and NK Cells to Generate Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene Ontology Analysis of RNA from MC38 Tumors Following mWTX-330 Treatment&lt;/p&gt;
A LOOK AT IONIC LIQUIDS (2010)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTA LOOK AT IONIC LIQUIDSIntroducing a FIELD OF CHEMISTRY that is constantly evolvingROBIN D. ROGERSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2010, 88, 48, 38Publication Date (Print):November 29, 2010Publication History Published online27 March 2011Published inissue 29 November 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v088n048.p038https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n048.p038book-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Salts,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Best Practices for Composite Plug Milling (2012)

Abstract Horizontal fracture-stimulated completions remain the de facto method of producing hydrocarbons from shale formations. The vast majority of wells are completed using the "Plug and Perf"method, which requires either a jointed pipe or coiled tubing (CT) with a positive displacement motor (PDM) to mill out the composite plugs (CP) after the fracturing operations are finished. It is estimated that between 100,000 to 140,000 composite plugs are installed and milled each year in the US alone. Efficient removal of these composite plugs is critical in achieving operational efficiencies forboth the operator and service suppliers. Currently many milling operations are planned at the well-site with engineering or operational risk assessments performed only after problems arise. This paper will provide data to assist operators in improving those risk assessments. This paper will describe best practices and recommendations for pre-job planning, mill design, motor selection, fluid selection, weight on bit, wiper trip frequency and speed, whether to produce the well during milling, surface flowback equipment, operational contingencies and data analysis. These best practices have been developed from reviewing operational practices on many operations across the US.
Preliminary Study of Vibrotactile Feedback during Home-Based Balance and Coordination Training in Individuals with Cerebellar Ataxia (2022)

Intensive balance and coordination training is the mainstay of treatment for symptoms of impaired balance and mobility in individuals with hereditary cerebellar ataxia. In this study, we compared the effects of home-based balance and coordination training with and without vibrotactile SA for individuals with hereditary cerebellar ataxia. Ten participants (five males, five females; 47 ± 12 years) with inherited forms of cerebellar ataxia were recruited to participate in a 12-week crossover study during which they completed two six-week blocks of balance and coordination training with and without vibrotactile SA. Participants were instructed to perform balance and coordination exercises five times per week using smartphone balance trainers that provided written, graphic, and video guidance and measured trunk sway. The pre-, per-, and post-training performance were assessed using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), SARAposture&gait sub-scores, Dynamic Gait Index, modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance, Timed Up and Go performed with and without a cup of water, and multiple kinematic measures of postural sway measured with a single inertial measurement unit placed on the participants’ trunks. To explore the effects of training with and without vibrotactile SA, we compared the changes in performance achieved after participants completed each six-week block of training. Among the seven participants who completed both blocks of training, the change in the SARA scores and SARAposture&gait sub-scores following training with vibrotactile SA was not significantly different from the change achieved following training without SA (p>0.05). However, a trend toward improved SARA scores and SARAposture&gait sub-scores was observed following training with vibrotactile SA; compared to their pre-vibrotacile SA training scores, participants significantly improved their SARA scores (mean=−1.21, p=0.02) and SARAposture&gait sub-scores (mean=−1.00, p=0.01). In contrast, no significant changes in SARA scores and SARAposture&gait sub-scores were observed following the six weeks of training without SA compared to their pre-training scores immediately preceding the training block without vibrotactile SA (p>0.05). No significant changes in trunk kinematic sway parameters were observed as a result of training (p>0.05). Based on the findings from this preliminary study, balance and coordination training improved the participants’ motor performance, as captured through the SARA. Vibrotactile SA may be a beneficial addition to training regimens for individuals with hereditary cerebellar ataxia, but additional research with larger sample sizes is needed to assess the significance and generalizability of these findings.
Adhesive ligand binding to integrin alpha IIb beta 3 stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of novel protein substrates before phosphorylation of pp125FAK (1993)

Tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple platelet proteins is stimulated by thrombin and other agonists that cause platelet aggregation and secretion. The phosphorylation of a subset of these proteins, including a protein tyrosine kinase, pp125FAK, is dependent on the platelet aggregation that follows fibrinogen binding to integrin alpha IIb beta 3. In this report, we examined whether fibrinogen binding, per se, triggers a process of tyrosine phosphorylation in the absence of exogenous agonists. Binding of soluble fibrinogen was induced with Fab fragments of an anti-beta 3 antibody (anti-LIBS6) that directly exposes the fibrinogen binding site in alpha IIb beta3. Proteins of 50-68 KD and 140 kD became phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in a fibrinogen-dependent manner. This response did not require prostaglandin synthesis, an increase in cytosolic free calcium, platelet aggregation or granule secretion, nor was it associated with tyrosine phosphorylation of pp125FAK. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the 50-68-kD and 140-kD proteins was also observed when (a) fibrinogen binding was stimulated by agonists such as epinephrine, ADP, or thrombin instead of by anti-LIBS6; (b) fragment X, a dimeric plasmin-derived fragment of fibrinogen was used instead of fibrinogen; or (c) alpha IIb beta 3 complexes were cross-linked by antibodies, even in the absence of fibrinogen. In contrast, no tyrosine phosphorylation was observed when the ligand consisted of monomeric cell recognition peptides derived from fibrinogen (RGDS or gamma 400-411). Fibrinogen-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation was inhibited by cytochalasin D. These studies demonstrate that fibrinogen binding to alpha IIb beta 3 initiates a process of tyrosine phosphorylation that precedes platelet aggregation and the phosphorylation of pp125FAK. This reaction may depend on the oligomerization of integrin receptors and on the state of actin polymerization, organizational processes that may juxtapose tyrosine kinases with their substrates.
A randomised controlled study of the effect of cholinesterase inhibition on colon function in patients with diabetes mellitus and constipation (2012)

Cholinesterase inhibition with oral pyridostigmine accelerates colonic transit and improves bowel function in diabetic patients with chronic constipation.
Cyclooxygenase-2 deficiency impairs muscle-derived stem cell-mediated bone regeneration via cellular autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms (2016)

This study investigated the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by donor and host cells in muscle-derived stem cell (MDSC)-mediated bone regeneration utilizing a critical size calvarial defect model. We found that BMP4/green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transduced MDSCs formed significantly less bone in COX-2 knock-out (Cox-2KO) than in COX-2 wild-type (WT) mice. BMP4/GFP-transduced Cox-2KO MDSCs also formed significantly less bone than transduced WT MDSCs when transplanted into calvarial defects created in CD-1 nude mice. The impaired bone regeneration in the Cox-2KO MDSCBMP4/GFP group is associated with downregulation of BMP4-pSMAD1/5 signaling, decreased osteogenic differentiation and lowered proliferation capacity after transplantation, compared with WT MDSCBMP4/GFP cells. The Cox-2KO MDSCBMP4/GFP group demonstrated a reduction in cell survival and direct osteogenic differentiation in vitro These effects were mediated in part by the downregulation of Igf1 and Igf2. In addition, the Cox-2KO MDSCBMP4/GFP cells recruited fewer macrophages than the WT MDSC/BMP4/GFP cells in the early phase after injury. We concluded that the bone regeneration capacity of Cox-2KO MDSCs was impaired because of a reduction in cell proliferation and survival capacities, reduction in osteogenic differentiation and a decrease in the ability of the cells to recruit host cells to the injury site.
OTX2 stimulates adult retinal ganglion cell regeneration (2021)

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons provide the only link between the light sensitive and photon transducing neural retina and visual centers of the brain. RGC axon degeneration occurs in a number of blinding diseases and the ability to stimulate axon regeneration from surviving ganglion cells could provide the anatomic substrate for restoration of vision. OTX2 is a homeoprotein transcription factor expressed in the retina and previous studies showed that, in response to stress, exogenous OTX2 increases the in vitro and in vivo survival of RGCs. Here we examined and quantified the effects of OTX2 on adult RGC axon regeneration in vitro and in vivo. The results show that exogenous OTX2 stimulates the regrowth of axons from RGCs in cultures of dissociated adult retinal cells and from explants of adult retinal tissue and that RGCs respond directly to OTX2 as regrowth is observed in cultures of purified adult rat RGCs. Importantly, after nerve crush in vivo, we observed a positive effect of OTX2 on the number of regenerating axons up to the optic chiasm within 14 days post crush and a very modest level of acuity absent in control mice. The effect of OTX2 on RGC survival and regeneration is of potential interest for degenerative diseases affecting this cell type. All animal procedures were approved by the local "Comié d'éιthique en expérimentation animale n°59" and authorization n° 00702.01 delivered March 28, 2014 by the French "Ministére de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche".