gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 12.4fJ-FoM 4-Bit Flash ADC Based on the StrongARM Architecture (2018)

This work proposes an efficient 4-bit flash ADC based on the StrongARM comparator architecture. The proposed design eliminates the need for the resistive ladder by systematically modifying the sizing of the input differential pair of each comparator. As a consequence, the area and the power consumed within the ladder is eliminated. Furthermore, a Helpee StrongARM circuit is introduced which enables operation at an input voltage below the threshold voltage of the transistor. An enhanced 1-out-of-15 decoder converts the thermometer code from the StrongARM and the Helpee StrongARM comparators into a 1-out-of-n code. The proposed 4-bit flash ADC architecture, simulated in 90nm standard CMOS technology, consumes 292 μW at 1.6 GHz sampling frequency, has an ENOB of 3.88 and FoM of 12.4 fJ/conv.step.
Dermatologic and Immunologic Findings in the Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy, X-linked Syndrome (2004)

IPEX is an often fatal genodermatosis associated with multiple autoimmune disorders. Cutaneous findings may include dermatitis, bullae, urticaria, alopecia universalis, and trachyonychia. Recognition of this life-threatening disorder is crucial for optimal treatment and genetic counseling.
Biocatalytic synthesis of novel electronic and photovoltaic materials (2005)

Abstract A new class of ruthenium complex-based macrodye and a dinuclear complex were synthesized via a biocatalytic route employing hematin as an efficient biocatalyst. The photovoltaic overall efficiency of the dinuclear complex was found to be 2.1 % and higher than the polymeric complex (0.33 %). Furthermore, we have developed an environmentally benign methodology for the synthesis of novel pegylated polyphenolics. The reaction conditions used do not require any organic solvents, and all the reactions were performed in aqueous media. The synthesized polymers were soluble in both organic and aqueous media, and provide further opportunity to tailor the properties. Finally, a novel biomimetic method for the synthesis of a conducting molecular complex of polypyrrole and of thiophene substitute in the presence of a polyelectrolyte, such as polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), is presented. A synthetic enzyme based on hematin was used to catalyze the polymerization of pyrrole (PYR) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) in the presence of SPS. Copolymers of EDOT and PYR have also been synthesized, and these novel materials have been shown to exhibit high electrical conductivity.
MANTRACK. Controlled Document Tracking Software (1992)

MANTRACK is an automated, controlled document tracking system which does the following and reduces staff time required to perform these tasks: generates transmittal letters/receipts for every controlled copy issued (merged from a current distribution list), tracks the return of transmittal receipts, facilitates the check-in of the large number of transmittal receipts returned (using a barcode reader), generates a reminder list which prompts the cyclic review and evaluation of existing documents, generates overdue reminders for the return of past-due transmittal receipts, tracks the number of Procedure Change Directives (PCD) currently in effect for each procedure, generates and maintains current distribution lists for each document, generates a current table of contents when updates to the document (usually a procedure manual) are made.
Research on Pricing in a Gas Transportation Network (1988)

This report is focused upon regulatory institutions that organize prices within a network of&#13;\ncommodity flows. The network has economic properties of the natural gas pipeline industry and&#13;\nthe regulatory institutions have properties similar to those that arc being considered as alternatives&#13;\nfor the current rate hearing process. The questions posed at this stage of research are somewhat&#13;\nbasic about the technical details of the institutions and how markets perfonn when they are in place.&#13;\nIn order to isolate the independent effects of the institutions and separate them from many&#13;\ncomplicating economic activities that can occur in networks, it is best to begin with a study of&#13;\nrelatively simple systems. It is also necessary to abstract from many important issues. For&#13;\nexample, the legal details of the regulatory institutions are not addressed. Various uncertainties and&#13;\ncomplications resulting from uncertainty about commodity demand are not addressed directly.&#13;\nSuch issues can be addressed by application of the same methodology, but at this stage of the&#13;\ninvestigation, they are not. The research strategy and overview of the study is contained in the first&#13;\nsection.
Anionic Polymerization of Vinyl and Related Monomers (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Features of Anionic Polymerization Initiation of Anionic Polymerizations Propagation Step Persistence of Active Centers Application of Anionic Polymerization to Macromolecular Synthesis References
Microgrid communications: State of the art and future trends (2014)

Communication systems architecture, protocols, and tools are essential in microgrid implementation to ensure stable, reliable, and optimal operation. This paper reviews technological developments related to microgrid communication system protocols and standards. The physical layers applicable to microgrid communications are described. Research efforts in the area of microgrid communication are summarized and discussed. Potential future work is suggested based on the status of microgrid communications research.
Low‐density lipoprotein apheresis for recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis post renal transplant in pediatric patients (2022)

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis has been shown to improve remission in patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Here, we report a case study of two patients who failed apheresis treatment for SRNS and required transplant with subsequent recurrence of nephrotic syndrome and response to apheresis treatment. Two patients were treated with 12 sessions of LDL apheresis for SRNS without improvement and subsequently required renal transplantation. The first patient received an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant requiring plasma exchange (PE) with subsequent recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The second patient also received a renal transplant after treatment failure and subsequently developed recurrence of nephrotic syndrome in the transplanted kidney. Both patients underwent repeat therapy with lipoprotein apheresis. The first patient underwent lipoprotein apheresis after completing PE with significant improvement in serum creatinine and urine protein creatinine ratio. Three years later, he continued to do well and remains in remission. The second patient also responded well to repeat therapy with lipoprotein apheresis and had significant improvement with a urine protein creatinine ratio of 0.8 and a serum creatinine of 0.9 mg/dL 6 months after transplant. Lipoprotein apheresis was able to result in remission of nephrotic syndrome in these patients with posttransplant recurrence of disease. This is the first report of patients not responding to treatment pretransplant but responding posttransplant. Lipoprotein apheresis should be considered in patients with recurrence of nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation even with a history of treatment failure prior to transplantation.
Validation and reproducibility of cardiovascular 4D-flow MRI from two vendors using 2 × 2 parallel imaging acceleration in pulsatile flow phantom and in vivo with and without respiratory gating (2018)

Sequence-specific in vivo validation of 4D-flow is needed before clinical use. 4D-flow with the Aera prototype sequence with a clinically acceptable acquisition time (<10 min) showed acceptable bias in healthy controls to be considered for clinical use. Intra-individual KE comparisons should use the same sequence.
Modeling the mechanisms of action underlying the plasticity of the CD4+ T cell differentiation process (152.34) (2011)

Abstract Mathematical and computational modeling facilitates concurrent multiparametric analyses of dynamic biological processes. Herein we describe a network model illustrating intracellular pathways controlling a naïve T cell differentiation into Th1, Th2, Th17 or iTreg phenotypes. The model is comprised of 37 differential equations representing 40 reactions and 81 species. The COmplex PAthway SImulator software has been used for model calibration and it shows that our model adequately computes the differentiation of CD4 T cells into the four phenotypes. Moreover, our network includes the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) that modulates the Th17/iTreg plasticity and is highly expressed during IL-4-induced Th2 differentiation. Local model sensitivities demonstrate that PPARγ activation increases the production of FOXP3 when the system is driven into Th17 differentiation. The prediction of this model was validated in vitro using primary mouse CD4+ T cells differentiated into Th17 and treated with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 10 and 40 μM rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist. Our differentiation studies confirmed the prediction of our model that increasing concentrations of rosiglitazone in Th1-induced CD4 T cells decrease INFγ and Tbet levels, and increase GATA3 expression in Th2-induced T cells. These data support the prediction of our model regarding the modulation of intracellular networks controlling fate and function of CD4+ T cells by PPARγ.
A CMOS Hall-Effect Sensor for the Characterization and Detection of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications (2011)

A CMOS Hall-effect sensor chip designed for the characterization and detection of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) achieves over three orders of magnitude better temporal resolution than prior solutions based on superconducting quantum interference devices and fluxgate sensors. The sensor relies on wires embedded in the chip to generate a local magnetizing field that is switched OFF rapidly to observe the relaxation field of the MNPs. The CMOS sensor chip, with integrated high-speed readout electronics, occupies 6.25 mm<sup>2</sup>. It can be easily integrated with microfluidics and is suitable for lab-on-a-chip and point-of-care applications.
Exercise-induced ventricular dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: stunning by any other name?: Figure 1 (2008)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common cardiac genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1/500 and is caused principally by mutations in genes encoding proteins of the cardiac sarcomere (eg, β-cardiac myosin heavy chain and cardiac troponin T).1 Although of substantial scientific importance, HCM is best recognised for being the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young, especially in young athletes, accounting for up to one-third of all such deaths in the US.2 HCM might be expected to impair exercise capacity, for example through left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic ventricular dysfunction; however, some HCM patients not only tolerate exercise well, but indeed excel athletically. This is surprising given that even HCM patients without LVH exhibit subtle systolic and diastolic abnormalities. Additionally, approximately one-third of HCM patients exhibit abnormal blood pressure (bp) responses during maximal treadmill exercise (ie, a flat blood pressure response, or a fall in blood pressure), which portends a poor prognosis.3 4 Ultimately, exercise in HCM is a matter of considerable concern, as many of the cases of SCD in HCM are associated with exertion.2 Exercise-induced SCD thus represents the rationale, albeit controversially, for preparticipation cardiac screening and exclusion of affected athletes from sporting activity.5

Sakata et al address this question in this issue of ( see page 1282 ) by proposing that exercise-induced LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) occurs more frequently in HCM patients with cardiac troponin gene mutations than in those without troponin mutations.6 While this observation is potentially of great interest, it is not without methodological limitations. First, there are marked differences between the two patient groups other than, but potentially not independent of, …
Frictional auto-roughening of a surface with spatially varying stiffness (2014)

We show that significant reduction of sliding friction can be achieved between a rigid surface and a flat elastic surface by spatial variation in stiffness of the latter. This reduction in friction during sliding occurs due to an “auto-roughening” phenomenon in which a fully connected contact region breaks into partial contact. An elastomer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), was used to fabricate nominally flat surfaces with regions of two different stiffness, achieved by using two different concentrations of the cross-linker. Both experiments and finite element simulation show that, for sufficiently high friction and low normal load, the real contact area between a rigid indenter and a surface with spatially varying stiffness is reduced significantly due to auto-roughening. The finite element model also shows how the auto-roughening depends on the properties and geometry of interfacial structures, resulting in reduced overall friction.
Dodecaperfluoropentane emulsion for oxygen delivery. (2010)

Dodecaperfluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) was prepared from DDFP and surfactant PEG-Telomer-B and studied for particle sizing, storage stability, acoustically in vitro at 37 °C, and for oxygen transport in porcine model of hemorrhagic shock and as radiation sensitizer in murine model of tumor hypoxia. DDFPe had mean particle size of about 200 nm stable on storage at room temperature for over 2 years. Compared to microbubbles of perfluorobutane (PFB), more than 100-fold higher DDFPe was needed for comparable acoustic backscatter compared to PFB. Acoustic reflectivity increased with higher MI ultrasound but was still much less for DDFPe than for PFB. DDFPe was highly effective oxygen therapeutic in models of hemorrhagic shock and tumor hypoxia. A dose of as little as 0.6 cc/kg of DDFPe was sufficient to prevent death from hemorrhagic shock. In hypoxic tumors a similar dose reversed tumor hypoxia and restored sensitivity to radiation therapy. No ultrasound was used in these experiments for in vivo oxygen delivery. Compared to liquid perfluorocarbons which have been studied as oxygen therapeutics, DDFPe uses a much lower dose, about 1%. DDFPe is a promising oxygen transport therapeutic. Additional work is underway to try to develop DDFPe for this application.
Quantitative Ultrasonic Detection of Parenchymal Structural Change in Diffuse Renal Disease (1994)

The D value corresponds to glomerular diameter, and glomerular enlargement can be detected readily using quantitative ultrasound. Combinations of two to four quantitative features can detect diffuse renal disease and transplant rejection reliably.
Supplementary Data from Multiparametric Photoacoustic Analysis of Human Thyroid Cancers <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures 1-18 and tables 1-7&lt;/p&gt;
Large-signal S-parameters CAD technique applied to power amplifier design (2003)

Power amplifier design requires careful attention. In accordance with this principle, this paper presents a new alternative synthesis method. For the first time, the real-frequency technique, coupled with a large-signal S-parameters approach, has been successfully applied to the design of S-band multi-stage power amplifier.
LDP 'Typed Wildcard' Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) for PWid and Generalized PWid FEC Elements (2012)

The "Typed Wildcard Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) Element" defines an extension to the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) that can be used when requesting, withdrawing, or releasing all label bindings for a given FEC Element type is desired. However, a Typed Wildcard FEC Element must be individually defined for each FEC Element type. This specification defines the Typed Wildcard FEC Elements for the Pseudowire Identifier (PWid) (0x80) and Generalized PWid (0x81) FEC Element types.
Biodegradable Polymer Based Nanoparticles: Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery (2014)

International audience
Bayesian Ridge Regression Based Model to Predict Fault Location in HVdc Network (2022)

This paper discusses a method for accurately estimating the fault location in multi-terminal High Voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission network using single ended current and voltage measurements. The post-fault voltage and current signatures are a function of multiple factors and thus accurately locating faults on a multi-terminal network is challenging. We discuss a novel data-driven Bayes Regression based method for accurately predicting fault locations. The sensitivity of the proposed algorithm to measurement noise, fault location, resistance and current limiting inductance are performed on a radial three-terminal MTdc network. The test system is designed in Power System Computer Aided Design (PSCAD)/Electromagnetic Transients including dc (EMTdc).
A Novel Isoform of Sucrose Synthase Is Targeted to the Cell Wall during Secondary Cell Wall Synthesis in Cotton Fiber (2011)

Sucrose (Suc) synthase (Sus) is the major enzyme of Suc breakdown for cellulose biosynthesis in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber, an important source of fiber for the textile industry. This study examines the tissue-specific expression, relative abundance, and temporal expression of various Sus transcripts and proteins present in cotton. A novel isoform of Sus (SusC) is identified that is expressed at high levels during secondary cell wall synthesis in fiber and is present in the cell wall fraction. The phylogenetic relationships of the deduced amino acid sequences indicate two ancestral groups of Sus proteins predating the divergence of monocots and dicots and that SusC sequences form a distinct branch in the phylogeny within the dicot-specific clade. The subcellular location of the Sus isoforms is determined, and it is proposed that cell wall-localized SusC may provide UDP-glucose for cellulose and callose synthesis from extracellular sugars.
Inhibition of Cyclic AMP Production by α2‐Adrenoceptor Stimulation in the Guinea‐Pig Spinal Cord Slices (1988)

In spinal cord slices isolated from guinea-pig and preincubated with 3H-adenine, 0.3-30 microM forskolin induced a dose-dependent increase in the content of 3H-cAMP, the maximal increase being about 8-fold. The selective alpha 2-adrenergic agonist UK-14,304 (10 microM) reduced both the basal and the forskolin stimulated levels of 3H-cAMP by 18-32%. Dose response curves of the effect of UK-14,304 on cAMP production in the spinal cord slices, stimulated with 3 microM forskolin, showed an IC50 of 37 nM and a maximally inhibitory effect of 27%. A number of other alpha 2-adrenergic agonist (clonidine, guanfacine, B-HT 920 and B-HT 933) also inhibited the forskolin stimulated 3H-cAMP production; clonidine and guanfacine being almost equipotent with UK-14,304, but their maximal inhibitory effects being only about 6-7%. B-HT 920 and B-HT 933 were less potent and their maximal inhibitory effects about 16-21%. The dose response curve of UK-14,304 on inhibition of forskolin stimulated cAMP production was shifted almost 50-fold to the right by 0.3 microM yohimbine. Prazosin (0.3 microM) did not affect the UK-14,304 dose response curve. It is concluded that alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation mediates inhibition of cAMP production in the guinea-pig spinal cord.
High Repetition Rate, Tunable Femtosecond Yb-fiber Laser (2010)

Using only a short piece of gain fiber, a 570 MHz Yb-fiber oscillator was set up and mode-locked via NPE, assisted by spectral filtering. Tuning the filter enables changing both center wavelength or optical bandwidth.
Generation of picosecond pulses with a gain-switched GaAs surface-emitting laser (1990)

Pulses shorter than 4 ps (deconvolved) have been obtained by optically gain switching a GaAs multiple quantum well vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a picosecond dye laser. Pulse width and relative peak delay were measured as a function of pump power. A theoretical model of the large signal response agrees well with the measured data. The model predicts the minimum achievable pulse width and pulse delay for this device structure. Experimental results and calculated values indicate that very high modulation rates are possible with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.
High-Rate Analysis of Channel-Optimized Vector Quantization (2007)

This paper considers the high-rate performance of channel optimized source coding for noisy discrete symmetric channels with random index assignment. Specifically, with mean squared error (MSE) as the performance metric, an upper bound on the asymptotic (i.e., high-rate) distortion is derived by assuming a general structure on the codebook. This structure enables extension of the analysis of the channel optimized source quantizer to one with a singular point density: for channels with small errors, the point density that minimizes the upper bound is continuous, while as the error rate increases, the point density becomes singular. The extent of the singularity is also characterized. The accuracy of the expressions obtained are verified through Monte Carlo simulations.
Winter Warmer: A New System Developed by Valeo Enables Drivers to Defrost Their Windshields Remotely, Without Having to Start the Car (2016)

This article describes a new system that enables drivers to defrost and clean their windshields remotely, without starting the vehicle, and controlled by a smartphone application. The Remote Clean4U system, developed by Valeo, distributes a de-icing fluid over the windshield’s entire surface. The fluid includes methanol, which is regulated at different levels in Europe, Japan, and the United States, resulting in different ranges of temperature at which the system is effective. The article reviews spraying precision, the role of special windshield wiper blades (AquaBlades), and the management of wiper movement.