gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical effect of entrained particles in coal conversion streams. Third quarterly technical progress, February 1, 1981-April 30, 1982 (1982)

A major objective of the US Department of Energy is to increase coal utilization through the development of combustion-stream-cleanup technologies. Many of the existing cleanup devices as well as advanced concepts rely on heterogeneous processes (i.e., gas-solid interactions) to achieve efficient stream removal. Examples of such devices include particle injection and granular-bed filters for alkali removal, limestone injection for SO/sub x/ removal in fluid-bed combustors, dry injection for SO/sub x/ removal in entrained combustion, and trace metal adsorption and removal on fly ash. Recent studies indicate that the successful use of turbines in combined-cycle processes may depend on understanding the interaction between the gas-phase alkali and particles in the combustion stream to substantially reduce turbine corrosion. This report documents progress in efforts to model the heterogeneous chemistry of coal combustion streams as well as laboratory studies to obtain critical input data for the model.
Organization of a Chinese hamster ovary dihydrofolate reductase gene identified by phenotypic rescue. (1983)

We have constructed a genomic DNA library from a methotrexate-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHOC 400) in the cosmid vector pHC79. By utilizing a murine dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) cDNA clone, we have identified 66 DHFR+ clones among the 11,000 colonies screened by colony hybridization. To isolate a recombinant cosmid containing the entire DHFR gene, we have tested these colonies for their ability to rescue a DHFR- Chinese hamster ovary cell line, using the spheroplast fusion method of gene transfer developed by W. Schaffner (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77:2163-2167, 1980). One clone (cH1) was able to transform DHFR- cells to the DHFR+ phenotype and was shown in hybridization studies to contain all of the gene except a small portion of the 3' untranslated region. We have mapped cosmid cH1 and several overlapping cosmids with a variety of restriction enzymes and have determined the approximate positions of the five (and possibly six) exons within the DHFR gene. Differences between the sizes of homologous genes in hamster cells (24.5 kilobases [kb]) and in mouse cells (31.5 kb) are shown to reside primarily in the length of the 3' intron, which is 8 kb in the hamster gene and 16 kb in length in the mouse gene. Our studies confirm the utility of cosmid libraries for the isolation of large genes, as previously shown by R. de Saint Vincent et al. (Cell 27:267-277, 1981). In addition, a cosmid that contains a functional DHFR gene will be a useful vector for the co-amplification and subsequent overexpression of other cloned genes.
A Bayesian Framework for Cross-Situational Word-Learning (2007)

For infants, early word learning is a chicken-and-egg problem. One way to learn a word is to observe that it co-occurs with a particular referent across different situations. Another way is to use the social context of an utterance to infer the intended referent of a word. Here we present a Bayesian model of cross-situational word learning, and an extension of this model that also learns which social cues are relevant to determining reference. We test our model on a small corpus of mother-infant interaction and find it performs better than competing models. Finally, we show that our model accounts for experimental phenomena including mutual exclusivity, fast-mapping, and generalization from social cues.
Curcumin derivatives as HIV-1 protease inhibitors (1993)

Curcumin, a non-toxic natural compound from Curcuma longa, has been found to be an HIV-1 protease inhibitor. Some of its derivatives were synthesized and their inhibitory activity against the HIV-1 protease was tested. Curcumin analogues containing boron enhanced the inhibitory activity. At least of the the synthesized compounds irreversibly inhibits the HIV-1 protease.
Epoxy-amine polymer waveguide containing nonlinear optical molecules fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (1992)

Epoxy-amine polymer thin films are fabricated by chemical vapor deposition using an aliphatic amine, which is very reactive to epoxy groups and has nonlinear optical properties. A transparent thin film is obtained by controlling the temperature and surface condition of the substrate, and the epoxy-amine ratio during deposition. The refractive index of the film is 1.648. A slab waveguide is constructed by depositing the polymer film on SiO2 which is formed by thermal oxidation of a Si wafer. End coupling of a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) launches a well-propagating beam. This is the first case in which a polymer waveguide is fabricated by dry processing.
Epitaxial growth of lanthanide oxides La2O3 and Sc2O3 on GaN (2011)

Deposition of lanthanide oxides on GaN is investigated as a means to produce stable dielectric with good interface quality. Epitaxial growth of cubic ⟨111⟩-oriented Sc2O3 is observed on GaN [0001] with a lattice mismatch of 7.2%, whereas La2O3 growth, with a lattice mismatch of ∼21%, results in a mixed phase epitaxial film comprised of the bixbyite and hexagonal allotropes. Substantial roughening accompanies this mixed phase film. By inserting a thin Sc2O3 interfacial layer between La2O3 and GaN and a Sc2O3 capping layer, the crystal quality of the predominantly La2O3 layer is improved and the stack is stabilized against hydroxide formation under ambient conditions.
Novel resonance-assisted electromagnetic-transport phenomena (2011)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2011.
Anti‐Tumor Effects and Pharmacokinetics of S‐40542, a Novel Non‐Steroidal Anti‐Androgen, in Mice (2012)

S-40542 as well as bicalutamide has shown as an anti-androgen by reducing the prostate weight of mice. Repeated oral treatment with S-40542 was shown to significantly suppress tumor growth in the KUCaP-2 xenograft model.
Dynamic Provable Data Possession (2015)

As storage-outsourcing services and resource-sharing networks have become popular, the problem of efficiently proving the integrity of data stored at untrusted servers has received increased attention. In the Provable Data Possession (PDP) model, the client preprocesses the data and then sends them to an untrusted server for storage while keeping a small amount of meta-data. The client later asks the server to prove that the stored data have not been tampered with or deleted (without downloading the actual data). However, existing PDP schemes apply only to static (or append-only) files. We present a definitional framework and efficient constructions for Dynamic Provable Data Possession (DPDP), which extends the PDP model to support provable updates to stored data. We use a new version of authenticated dictionaries based on rank information. The price of dynamic updates is a performance change from O (1) to O (log n (or O ( n ε log n )) for a file consisting of n blocks while maintaining the same (or better, respectively) probability of misbehavior detection. Our experiments show that this slowdown is very low in practice (e.g., 415KB proof size and 30ms computational overhead for a 1GB file). We also show how to apply our DPDP scheme to outsourced file systems and version control systems (e.g., CVS).
Determination of gene copy number and genotype of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by competitive PCR (2002)

A simple and rapid method is described for determining the integrated T-DNA copy number and the genotype in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by two-step competitive PCR. First, the amount of genomic DNA in the extracts, obtained from an individual A. thaliana transformant, was accurately determined by the 1st competitive PCR using a known single copy gene, 4HPPD (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase), as a target. Second, the number of T-DNA copies per genome was estimated by quantifying the NPTII gene, which was involved in the T-DNA, by the 2nd competitive PCR using exactly the same amount of genomic DNA for each sample. The estimated copy number and genotype obtained by this procedure were identical to those determined by Southern blot analysis and segregation analysis.
A Linear Formulation for Power System State Estimation including RTU and\n PMU Measurements (2018)

In this paper, a novel linear formulation for power system state estimation\nthat simultaneously treats conventional and synchrophasor measurements is\nproposed. A linear circuit model for conventional measurements is introduced to\nenable a fully linear equivalent circuit representation of the power system.\nThe estimated system state is then obtained by formulating the optimization\nproblem to minimize the measurement errors and solving the resulting linear set\nof optimality conditions. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method,\nsimulations are performed on several test cases of various sizes and the\nresults are presented and discussed.\n
Exhaustive circulating tumor DNA sequencing reveals the genomic landscape of Hodgkin lymphoma and facilitates ultrasensitive detection of minimal residual disease (2021)

Abstract Individualizing treatment is key to improve outcome and reduce long-term side-effects in any cancer. In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), individualization of treatment is hindered by a lack of genomic characterization and technology for sensitive, molecular response assessment. Sequencing of cell-free (cf)DNA is a powerful strategy to understand an individual cancer genome and can be used to develop assays for extremely sensitive disease monitoring. In HL, a high proportion of cfDNA is tumor-derived making it a highly relevant disease model to study the role of cfDNA sequencing in cancer. Here, we introduce our targeted cfDNA sequencing platform and present the largest genomic landscape of HL to date, which was entirely derived by cfDNA sequencing. We comprehensively genotype and assess minimal residual disease in 324 samples from 121 patients, presenting an integrated landscape of mutations and copy number variations in HL. In addition, we perform a deep analysis of mutational processes driving HL, investigate the clonal structure of HL and link several genotypes to HL phenotypes and outcome. Finally, we show that minimal residual disease assessment by repeat cfDNA sequencing as early as a week after treatment initiation is feasible and predicts overall treatment response allowing highly improved treatment guidance and relapse prediction. Our study also serves as a blueprint showcasing the utility of our platform for other cancers with similar therapeutic challenges.
Generalized model of automata system (2016)

И.Б. Бурдонов, А
ChemInform Abstract: BMS‐187257, a Potent, Selective, and Novel Heterocyclic β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monitoring of cell volume and water exchange time in perfused cells by diffusion-weighted1H NMR spectroscopy (1998)

Diffusion of intracellular water was measured in perfused cells embedded in basement membrane gel threads. F98 glioma cells, primary astrocytes, and epithelial KB cells were used and were exposed to osmotic stress, immunosuppressiva, the water channel blocker p-chloromercuriobenzenesulfonate (pCMBS), and apoptotic conditions. With diffusion-weighted 1H NMR spectroscopy changes in the intracellular signal could be monitored and quantified with single signal (ss), constant diffusion time (ct), and constant gradient strength (cg) experiments. The temporal resolution of the ss monitoring was 3.5 s with a standard deviation of 0.5% of the signal intensity and 32 s (3%) with ct monitoring, respectively. A mean intracellular residence time of water was determined with the cg experiment to about 50 ms. Changes of this exchange time from (51.9 +/- 1.0) to (59.0 +/- 1.1) ms were observed during treatment with pCMBS. The changes in the diffusion attenuated signal could be simulated analytically varying the intracellular volume fraction and exchange time by combination of restricted diffusion (Tanner model) and water exchange (Kärger model). This sensitive and noninvasive NMR method on perfused cells allows to determine changes in the intracellular volume and residence time in a simple and accurate manner. Many further applications as anoxia, volume regulation, ischemia and treatment with various pharmaceuticals are conceiveable to follow up their effect on the cell volume and the exchange time of intracellular water.
characterization of the adrenal gland pathology of carney complex, and molecular genetics of the disease. (1998)

(1998). characterization of the adrenal gland pathology of carney complex, and molecular genetics of the disease. Endocrine Research: Vol. 24, No. 3-4, pp. 863-864.
Results of Lumbar Hemivertebral Excision for Congenital Scoliosis (1991)

The purposes of this study were to determine the long-term correction achieved by excision of lumbar hemivertebrae and the risk attendant. Seven patients had a follow-up of 41.14 months for lumbar hemivertebral excisions. Six had two-stage anterior vertebral body excision and, 7-8 days later, posterior lamina and pedicle excision with fusion. One patient had a single-stage correction. After surgery, the patients were in pantaloon casts or braces for a minimum of 6 months (supine, first 6-12 weeks). Hemivertebrae were at L2 (N = 1), L3 (N = 1), L4-L5 (N = 1), and L5-S1 (N = 4). Preoperative curves or hemivertebral angles averaged 36.6 degrees (range, 30-52 degrees). Average age was 7.5 years (range, 22 months to 12.5 years). Mean follow-up was 41.14 months. Surgical correction of the seven cases averaged 28.0 degrees. Two-stage procedures yielded 29.7 degrees correction with no complications; single-stage yielded 18 degrees correction, and the only complication was an L5 nerve root paresis.
Recent Advances in the Design of Cathepsin S Inhibitors (2010)

Cathepsin S has been of increasing interest as a target of medicinal chemistry efforts given its role in modulating antigen-presentation by major histocompatibility class II (MHC II) molecules as well as its involvement in extracellular proteolytic activities. Inhibition of the cathepsin S enzyme reduces degradation of the invariant chain, a crucial chaperon which also blocks peptide-binding by MHC II molecules, thereby decreasing antigen presentation to CD4(+) T-cells. Extracellular cathepsin S may also be involved in angiogenesis and initiation and/or maintenance of neuropathic pain by cleavage of the membrane-bound chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1). Cathepsin S inhibitors have thus been suggested to hold potential as therapeutics for a variety of diseases. The initial development of cathepsin S inhibitors targeted irreversible, covalent inhibitors, but more recently the focus has been on reversible inhibitors, representing both covalent modifiers of the enzyme and, of late, noncovalent inhibitors. This review details advances in cathepsin S inhibitor design as reported in the primary literature since 2006, focusing especially on structure-activity relationships of the various covalent and noncovalent inhibitor series.
Detailed heap profiling (2018)

Modern software systems heavily use the memory heap. As systems grow more complex and compute with increasing amounts of data, it can be difficult for developers to understand how their programs actually use the bytes that they allocate on the heap and whether improvements are possible. To answer this question of heap usage efficiency, we have built a new, detailed heap profiler called Memoro. Memoro uses a combination of static instrumentation, subroutine interception, and runtime data collection to build a clear picture of exactly when and where a program performs heap allocation, and crucially how it actually uses that memory. Memoro also introduces a new visualization application that can distill collected data into scores and visual cues that allow developers to quickly pinpoint and eliminate inefficient heap usage in their software. Our evaluation and experience with several applications demonstrates that Memoro can reduce heap usage and produce runtime improvements of 10%.
Research and development environments for robot services and its implementation (2011)

We have proposed the RSi Research Cloud (RSi-Cloud), which enables integration of robot services with internet services. Until now, we have developed a surveillance service using robot cameras on the cloud environment, and have realized internet connection from robots implemented with RSNP (Robot Service Network Protocol). This paper reports a design result of Robot Service HTML interface (RSHi), which is a mechanism to treat robot applications deployed in RSi-Cloud by the same way as RSNP robot clients. RSHi makes it possible to deploy RSNP service applications within firewall systems, and as a result, a robot service expansion can be expected. Moreover, in this paper, we show a usage example of micro-services on a service robot which uses a face detection function.
Attribute compression for sparse point clouds using graph transforms (2016)

With the recent improvements in 3-D capture technologies for applications such as virtual reality, preserving cultural artifacts, and mobile mapping systems, new methods for compressing 3-D point cloud representations are needed to reduce the amount of bandwidth or storage consumed. For point clouds having attributes such as color associated with each point, several existing methods perform attribute compression by partitioning the point cloud into blocks and reducing redundancies among adjacent points. If, however, many blocks are sparsely populated, few or no points may be adjacent, thus limiting the compression efficiency of the system. In this paper, we present two new methods using block-based prediction and graph transforms to compress point clouds that contain sparsely-populated blocks. One method compacts the data to guarantee one DC coefficient for each graph-transformed block, and the other method uses a K-nearest-neighbor extension to generate more efficient graphs.
Predictors of Treatment Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy in Schizophrenia—A Nationwide Registry-Based Study (2020)

Abstract Introduction Up to 30% of patients with schizophrenia respond insufficiently to antipsychotic drugs. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been reported to effectively augment the effects of antipsychotics in some of these patients. To date, there are few established predictors of treatment response to ECT in patients with schizophrenia. Aims The primary aim was to determine the response rate to ECT in patients with schizophrenia. The secondary aim was to investigate predictors of treatment response. Methods All patients admitted to any Swedish hospital for schizophrenia from 2011 to 2017, who were treated with ECT while in inpatient care, were included in the Swedish National Quality Registry for ECT (Q-ECT), and were assessed using the Clinical Global Impression – Improvement (CGI-I) scale after treatment were included. CGI-I scores of 1 or 2 were considered a response to treatment. Multiple national registries were used to obtain information on demographics and clinical variables. Results The study included 285 patients who were concurrently treated with antipsychotic drugs. The response rate to ECT was 73.0%. Among those patients with outcome data, treatment with long-acting injectable antipsychotics was predictive of a better response, whereas comorbid substance use disorders were predictive of a worse response. Conclusion This study provides new evidence on predictors of who might respond among patients with schizophrenia treated by ECT. Additional studies of ECT in schizophrenia are needed.
Photon-Induced Selenium Vacancies in TiSe2 (2016)

TiSe2 is a member of transition metal dichalcogenide family of layered van-der-Waals materials that exhibits some distinctive electronic and optical properties. Here, we perform Raman spectroscopy studies on single crystal TiSe2 to investigate photon-induced defects associated with formation of selenium vacancies. Two additional Eg phonon peaks are observed in the laser-irradiated regions, consistent with Raman spectra of selenium deficient TiSe2. Temperature dependent studies of the threshold laser intensity necessary to form selenium vacancies show that there is a linear dependence. We extract the relevant activation energy for selenium vacancy nucleation. The impact of these results on the properties of strongly correlated electron states in TiSe2 are discussed.
9th Theo Rossi di Montelera forum on computer simulation and experimental assessment of cardiac function: from model to clinical outcome (2018)

The Theo Rossi di Montelera (TRM) Forum was created in 1998 by Nathalie Virag and Lukas Kappenberger with the objective to bring together engineers, mathematicians, and clinicians working in computer modelling, experimental, and clinical cardiovascular research in order to facilitate the translation of cardiac simulation results into clinical understanding and applications. The 9th TRM Forum was held in Lugano, Switzerland, on 4-5 December 2017, organized and supported by the TRM foundation and hosted by the Center for Computational Medicine in Cardiology in Lugano (CCMC). The theme was 'From Model to Clinical Outcome'. The focus was on the translation of observations and concepts developed within computer models into clinical outcome. In silico medicine refers to the use of computer simulations for the development of clinical interventions.
Targeting MHC-linked wild type p53 with TCR mimic single chain diabody for cancer immunotherapy. (2019)

2524 Background: Increased tumor suppressor protein p53 expression is observed in a wide range of human cancers. As a result there is intense interest in targeting p53 for cancer therapy. Intracellular p53 is inaccessible to therapeutic antibodies that bind cell surface proteins. However, intracellular proteins including p53 are degraded into peptides that are presented on cell surface in association with HLA class I molecules. Thus p53 peptide-HLA (p53-HLA) complexes can be antibody targets. Methods: Using phage display we identified a novel anti-p53-HLA single chain variable fragment (scFv) clone-43 that recognizes a wild-type p53 10-mer epitope bound to HLA-A*2402. By coupling our clone-43 scFv with an anti-CD3 scFv, we generated a single chain diabody (scDb) designed to activate T-cells against p53-expressing target cells. Results: In-vitro co-culture of clone-43 scDb with donor human T-cells and p53 expressing SIG-M5 cancer cells results in SIG-M5 cell killing and concomitant T-cell interferon gamma (IFNγ) release. In contrast, similar co-culture with SIG-M5 p53-knock out (KO) cells showed no cell killing and minimal IFNγ release demonstrating specificity of clone-43 to p53 expressing cells. Additionally, in-vivo growth of p53 expressing SW480 cancer cell xenografts in NSG mice was completely terminated by clone-43 scDb injections. A major concern for wild-type p53 epitope targeting is potential on-target off-tumor effect on non-cancerous tissue. We observed significant in-vitro clone-43 scDb mediated killing of human HLA-A*24:02 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. To better evaluate effect of clone-43 scDb on non-neoplastic human cells, we engrafted HLA-A*24:02 human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells into NSG mice to generate a humanized mouse model with circulating mature human CD45+ cells. Clone-43 scDb treatment resulted in selective depletion of circulating human cells while the same cells persisted in mice treated with unrelated control scDb. Conclusions: Our observation that immune targeting of wild-type p53 epitope results in significant off-tumor hematopoietic cell death is contrary to previously published reports and carries important implications for future anti-p53 antibody and vaccine design for cancer immunotherapy.