gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The splanchnic metabolism of flavonoids highly differed according to the nature of the compound (2003)

The absorption and splanchnic metabolism of different flavonoids (namely quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, eriodictyol, genistein, and catechin) were investigated in rats after an in situ perfusion of jejunum plus ileum (14 nmol/min). Net transfer across the brush border ranged widely according to the perfused compound (from 78% for kaempferol to 35% for catechin). This variation seems linked to the lipophilicity of a given flavonoid rather than to its three-dimensional structure. Except for catechin, conjugated forms of perfused flavonoids were also detected in the intestinal lumen, but the extent of this secretion depended on the nature of the perfused compounds (52% for quercetin to 11% for genistein). For some of the perfused aglycones, biliary secretion was an important excretion route: 30% of the perfused dose for genistein but only 1% for catechin. Thus the splanchnic metabolism of flavonoid is controlled by several factors: 1) the efficiency of their transfer through the brush border, 2) the intensity of the intestinal secretion of conjugates toward the mucosal and serosal sides, respectively, and 3) the biliary secretion of conjugates. These data suggested that the splanchnic metabolism of perfused flavonoids depends on the nature of the compound considered, which in turn influences their availability for peripheral tissues.
A 5.9mW/Gb/s 7Gb/s/pin 8-lane single-ended RX with crosstalk cancellation scheme using a XCTLE and 56-tap XDFE in 32nm SOI CMOS (2015)

This work reports an 8-lane single-ended RX featuring compact and low power far-end crosstalk (FEXT) cancellation circuits. The RX data-path consists of a cross continuous-time linear equalizer (XCTLE) to remove FEXT by nearest aggressors within the channel bundle. Residual post-cursor FEXT is suppressed by a direct feedback 7×8-tap cross decision-feedback equalizer (XDFE). A CTLE and 8-tap DFE equalize single-ended channels with 28dB insertion loss at Nyquist frequency without TX FFE. The circuit, fabricated in 32nm SOI CMOS, was measured to receive 7Gb/s/pin PRBS11 data at BER<; 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> with 12.5%UI margin. Itoccupies 300×350μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with an energy efficiency of 5.9mW/Gb/s.
Joint Channel and Impulsive Noise Estimation in Underwater Acoustic OFDM Systems (2017)

Impulsive noise is one key factor that limits the performance of underwater acoustic (UA) communications. In this paper, two pilotsubcarrier based algorithms are proposed to improve the performance of channel estimation and impulsive noise mitigation for UA orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The first algorithm jointly estimates the channel and the impulsive noise based on the leastsquares principle. The second algorithm is developed with the aim to reduce the computational complexity, where the expectation-maximization principle is applied to estimate the channel and the impulsive noise iteratively. We compare the proposed algorithms by simulations and apply them to process the data collected during an experiment conducted in December 2015 in the estuary of the Swan River, Western Australia. The results show that both proposed algorithms have better performance than existing methods in mitigating impulsive noise in UA OFDM systems.
Serum Antibodies to Periodontal Bacteria (1990)

The purpose of this study was to determine how serum antibodies reactive with periodontitis-associated bacteria with relates to the diagnosis of periodontitis subjects. Study groups included localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) subjects, severe periodontitis (SP) subjects, chronic adult periodontitis (AP) subjects, and age matched controls. Twenty-two bacterial strains, representing 18 different species most commonly found in early onset periodontitis were evaluated using serum from LJP, SP, and age matched controls. Serum IgG reactive with these organisms was determined using a radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum antibody reactive with 13 bacterial strains differed significantly (P less than 0.01) between the three clinical groups. Discriminate analysis revealed that antibodies reactive with 5 bacterial strains of the 13 were able to identify the clinical group to which subjects belonged 79% of the time with control subjects being correctly identified 100% of the time, LJP subjects 78% of the time, and SP subjects 60% of the time. These strains included two strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Y4 and N27), Fusobacterium nucleatum (E1D1), Eubacterium brachy, and Bacteroides gingivalis. The low classification rate of SP subjects suggested heterogeneity. The SP group could be divided into three subgroups using the serological data. One subgroup, with "super" severe attachment loss, generally lacked antibody reactive with these five organisms, another subgroup was serologically similar to LJP subjects, while the third subgroup had antibodies to additional organisms. This suggests that some SP subjects may represent a more advanced form of LJP. Comparison of antibody reactivity of AP subjects with age matched controls to 23 bacterial types revealed that mean serum antibody reactivity to only Bacteroides gingivalis was higher in AP subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A household case evidences shorter shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in naturally infected cats compared to their human owners (2020)

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in domestic and wild cats. However, little is known about natural viral infections of domestic cats, although their importance for modeling disease spread, informing strategies for managing positive human-animal relationships and disease prevention. Here, we describe the SARS-CoV-2 infection in a household of two human adults and sibling cats (one male and two females) using real-time RT-PCR, an ELISA test, viral sequencing, and virus isolation. On May 2020, the cat- owners tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Two days later, the male cat showed mild respiratory symptoms and tested positive. Four days after the male cat, the two female cats became positive, asymptomatically. Also, one human and one cat showed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. All cats excreted detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA for a shorter duration than humans and viral sequences analysis confirmed human-to-cat transmission. We could not determine if cat-to-cat transmission also occurred. Article Summary Line SARS-CoV-2 in naturally infected cats present a shorter shedding pattern compared to their owners.
Imaging of liquid crystals with tunneling microscopy (1989)

We have used the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to image a wide variety of organic liquid crystal molecules adsorbed onto a graphite substrate. From the images it is apparent that the STM is resolving individual liquid crystal molecules, as well as the different functional groups within the molecules. The high resolution allows direct observation of features that were not previously known, or had to be inferred from X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, dilatometry, and other means. In this work, we image four diverse examples of liquid crystal molecules, and measure their packing arrangement and internal bond angles. We find that liquid crystal phases occur at the substrate boundary which have a higher degree of order and stability than the corresponding bulk phase. This surface phase remains intact even when heated 10-15 °C above the bulk isotropic transition temperature.
ING4 is a molecular target for regulation of thebrain tumor growth and angiogenesis. (2007)

C279 Malignant gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. Patients with glioblastomas have a median survival range from 9 to 12 months. The connection between the major genetic lesions associated with brain tumor development and the detection of potential targets for drug-therapy has not yet been completely determined. We recently reported that a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene, ING4, is involved in regulating brain tumor growth and angiogenesis. Expression of ING4 is significantly reduced in gliomas as compared with normal human brain tissue, and the extent of reduction correlates with the progression from lower to higher grades of tumors. In mice, xenografts of human glioblastoma U87MG, which has decreased expression of ING4, grow significantly faster and had higher vascular volume fractions than control tumors. We show that ING4 physically interacts with p65 (RelA), a subunit of nuclear factor NF-kappaB, and that ING4 regulates brain tumor angiogenesis through transcriptional repression of NF-IoB-responsive genes. Removal of the ING4 protein from the transcription complex could activate a set of NF-IoB target genes, including interleukin 8 (IL-8), COX-2, and could also repress p53 responsive genes. Thus, a detailed analysis of ING4 regulation of NF-IoB will allow us to evaluate involvement of these genes in the control of brain tumor angiogenesis.
Type 2 diabetes but not metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction in men aged <45 years (2009)

Men with T2DM and aged <45 years had more LUTS but a similar bladder emptying function than the controls. ED was highly prevalent and was associated with the severity of LUTS. Metabolic syndrome did not aggravate the severity of LUTS, emptying function or ED in the early stage of DM.
Single‐Site, Single‐Component Catalysts for Very High Molecular Weight Polyethylene: A Robust “Ready‐To‐Go” Vanadium π‐Bonded Complex Without a Preformed VC Bond (2007)

On its own: A vanadium(II) bis(pyrrolide) complex with a vanadocene-type structure is a single-component catalyst for the preparation of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (PE; see scheme; Mw=weight-average molecular weight, PDI=polydispersity index).
Thiol—disulfide interchange (1993)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Methods Used in Following Thiol—Disulfide Interchange Mechanism Equilibrium in Thiol—Disulfide Interchange Reactions Applications of Thiol—Disulfide Interchange in Biochemistry Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments References
Preclinical evidence for management of thrombocytopenia associated with bromodomain extra-terminal (BET) inhibition therapy. (2018)

e24207 Background: Thrombocytopenia is a potential dose-limiting toxicity associated with many oncology agents including BET inhibitors (BETi). Thrombocytopenia in rats closely mirrors clinical dose-limiting thrombocytopenia, enabling the use of this model to explore potential supportive care options. Methods: A pan-BETi molecule A-1550592 (1mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage for 4 days to Sprague Dawley rats and hematologic parameters measured on Day 5. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO 150 IU) was administered subcutaneously 4 days before and concomitantly with BETi. Folic Acid (FA, 3mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously 4 days before and concomitantly with BETi. Romiplostim (30 micrograms) was administered prior to (2 doses) and concomitantly (1 dose) with BETi on days 2, 4 and 6. Results: rhEPO administration resulted in reticulocyte increases as compared to BETi alone (BETi, n = 3: 54x109; BETi + rhEPO, n = 3: 272x109; Control, n = 3: 346X109cells/mL). Interestingly, rhEPO administration was also associated with platelet increases in the rhEPO+ BETi group compared to BETi alone (BETi, n = 3: 465x109; BETi + EPO, n = 3: 808x109; Control, n = 3: 1175x109cells/mL). rhEPO was also noted to reverse the moderate decreased bone marrow cellularity seen with BETi administration. FA partially mitigated thrombocytopenia in the FA+ BETi group when compared with BETi alone (BETi, n = 3: 529x109; BETi + 3 mg FA, n = 3: 585x109; BETi + 30 mg FA, n = 3: 973x109; Control, n = 3: 1138x109). Romiplostim partially mitigated thrombocytopenia in the Romiplostim + BETi group when compared with BETi alone (BETi, n = 5: 808x109; Romiplostim, n = 5: 2678x109; BETi + Romiplostim, n = 5: 1150x109cells/mL). Conclusions: The observed hematologic responses in the rodent model to BET inhibition and various supportive care agents (rhEPO, FA, Romiplostim) suggests that these agents may be effective in mitigating clinical thrombocytopenia associated with BETi.
Organic fluorine compounds: a great opportunity for enhanced materials properties (2011)

Interactions of "organic fluorine" have gained great interest not only in the context of crystal engineering, but also in the systematic design of functional materials. The first part of this tutorial review presents an overview on interactions known by organic fluorine. This involves π-π(F), C-F···H, F···F, C-F···π(F), C-F···π, C-F···M(+), C-F···C=O and anion-π(F) interactions, as well as other halogen bonds. The effect of the exchange of H vs. F is discussed by means of several examples and a short introduction to the young field of "fluorous" chemistry is given. The second part is dedicated to numerous applications of fluorine and fluorous interactions. It is shown how application of fluorination is used to enable a number of reactions, to improve materials properties and even open up new fields of research.
ROS-generating TiO2 nanoparticles for non-invasive sonodynamic therapy of cancer (2016)

The non-invasive photodynamic therapy has been limited to treat superficial tumours, primarily ascribed to poor tissue penetration of light as the energy source. Herein, we designed a long-circulating hydrophilized titanium dioxide nanoparticle (HTiO2 NP) that can be activated by ultrasound to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). When administered systemically to mice, HTiO2 NPs effectively suppressed the growth of superficial tumours after ultrasound treatments. In tumour tissue, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were elevated several fold and intense vascular damage was observed. Notably, ultrasound treatments with HTiO2 NPs also suppressed the growth of deeply located liver tumours at least 15-fold, compared to animals without ultrasound treatments. This study provides the first demonstration of the feasibility of using HTiO2 NPs as sensitizers for sonodynamic therapy in vivo.
Electronic Nature of New Ir(III) Complexes: Linear Spectroscopic and Nonlinear Optical Properties (2017)

Comprehensive investigations of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of new Ir(III) complexes [Ir(pbt)2(dbm)] (1), [Ir(pbt)2(dmac)] (2), and [Ir(pbt)2(minc)] (3) (pbt = 2-phenylbenzothiazole; dbm = dibenzoyl methane; dmac = (1E,4Z,6E)-1,7-bis(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-5-hydroxyhepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one; minc = (1E,4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one) are reported, including photostability, two-photon absorption, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The steady-state and time-resolved spectral properties of 1–3 revealed the electronic nature of the absorption bands, and photoluminescence emission of 2 and 3 shows both fluorescence and phosphorescence processes occurring simultaneously in liquid solution at room temperature. This unusual behavior of 2 and 3 can be explained by a dual-minimum potential surface of the excited electronic state resulting in two independent fluorescence and phosphorescence emission channels. The degenerate 2PA spectra of 1–3 were obtained by open aperture Z-scans with a femtosecond laser, and maxima values of 2PA cross sections up to ∼350 GM were observed. Ultrafast relaxation processes of 1–3 were investigated by femtosecond transient absorption, and the characteristic times for triplet formation were determined to be <500 fs for 1 and ∼2 ps for 2 and 3 in a nonpolar medium.
Evidence for long-term association of virion-delivered HBV core protein with cccDNA independently of viral protein production (2021)

The hepatitis B virus genome is released into the nucleoplasm of infected cells after disassembly of the viral nucleocapsids at the nuclear membrane. Herein, we show for the first time that virion-delivered hepatitis B core protein, a component of the viral capsid, can stably associate with integrated viral DNA.
Exciton and biexciton properties in GaN nanocolumn: dependence on morphology and diameter (2008)

Abstract We have investigated how the morphology and diameter of GaN nanocolumn affect the optical properties of exciton and biexciton. We measured photoluminescence (PL) of excitons in GaN nanocolumns at low temperature and found that the PL spectra depend on the column diameter. Changing the distance between the sample and the collimating lens, it was established that this phenomenon is due to the z ‐polarized PL radiated from the side surface. This result proves that the nano‐scale morphology produces a change in the optical properties. In addition, to elucidate the mechanism causing the increase of the biexciton binding energy observed in a previous experiment, we calculated the exciton binding energies by the variational method and also estimated their sizes. From the calculated results we can expect that the only biexcitons experience spatial confinement effect even when the nanocolumn width is much larger than the exciton Bohr radius. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A call to action for new global approaches to cardiovascular disease drug solutions (2021)

Whilst we continue to wrestle with the immense challenge of implementing equitable access to established evidence-based treatments, substantial gaps remain in our pharmacotherapy armament for common forms of cardiovascular disease including coronary and peripheral arterial disease, heart failure, hypertension, and arrhythmia. We need to continue to invest in the development of new approaches for the discovery, rigorous assessment, and implementation of new therapies. Currently, the time and cost to progress from lead compound/product identification to the clinic, and the success rate in getting there reduces the incentive for industry to invest, despite the enormous burden of disease and potential size of market. There are tremendous opportunities with improved phenotyping of patients currently batched together in syndromic 'buckets'. Use of advanced imaging and molecular markers may allow stratification of patients in a manner more aligned to biological mechanisms that can, in turn, be targeted by specific approaches developed using high-throughput molecular technologies. Unbiased 'omic' approaches enhance the possibility of discovering completely new mechanisms in such groups. Furthermore, advances in drug discovery platforms, and models to study efficacy and toxicity more relevant to the human disease, are valuable. Re-imagining the relationships among discovery, translation, evaluation, and implementation will help reverse the trend away from investment in the cardiovascular space, establishing innovative platforms and approaches across the full spectrum of therapeutic development.
Gender Prediction in English-Hindi Code-Mixed Social Media Content: Corpus and Baseline System (2018)

The rapid expansion in the usage of social media networking sites leads to a huge amountof un processed user generated data which can beused for text mining. Author profiling is the problem of automatically determining profiling aspects like the author’s gender and age group through a text is gaining much popularity in computational linguistics. Most of the past research in author profiling is concentrated on English texts. However many users often change the language while posting on social media which is called code-mixing, and it develops some challenges in the field of text classification and author profiling like variations in spelling, non-grammatical structure and transliteration. There are very few English-Hindicode-mixed an notated datasets of social media content present online. In this paper, we analyze the task of author’s gender prediction in code-mixed content and present a corpus of English-Hindi texts collected from Twitter which is annotated with author’s gender. We also explore language identification of every word in this corpus. We present a supervised classification baseline system which uses various machine learning algorithms to identify the gender of an author using a text, based on character and word level features.
Bis(phenylsulfone) as a strong electron acceptor of thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters (2016)

Bis(phenylsulfone) was developed as a strong electron acceptor of thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters. The connection of two electron withdrawing phenylsulfone moieties through meta-position of phenyl produced the bis(phenylsulfone) acceptor and the strong electron acceptor strength of bis(phenylsulfone) enabled preparation of sky-blue and green thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters in combination with weak carbazole donors. The bis(phenylsulfone) acceptor and carbazole donor combined organic materials performed as thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters with a high quantum efficiency of 18.3%.
Triple labral lesions: Pathology and surgical repair technique—report of seven cases (2005)

Level IV. Case series, no or historical control group.
Near Time-optimal Constrained Trajectory Planning on Outdoor Terrain (2006)

We present an outdoor terrain planner that finds near optimal trajectories under dynamic and kinematic constraints. The planner can find solutions in close to real time by relaxing some of the assumptions associated with costly rigid body simulation and complex terrain surface interactions. Our system is based on control-driven Proba bilistic Roadmaps and can efficiently find and optimize a near time-minimum trajectory. We present simulated results with artificial environments, as well as a real robot experiment using Segway Robotic Mobile Platform.
Reexpression of a developmentally regulated antigen in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease. (1988)

ALZ-50 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a protein of apparent molecular mass 68 kilodaltons (A68). The protein is present in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease but is not detectable in normal adult brain tissue. We now report that ALZ-50-reactive neurons are found in normal fetal and neonatal human brain and in brain tissue from neonatal individuals with Down syndrome. Reactive neurons decrease sharply in number after age 2 and reappear in older individuals with Down syndrome and in patients with Alzheimer disease.
Dextran Microgels for Time‐Controlled Delivery of siRNA (2008)

Abstract To apply siRNA as a therapeutic agent, appropriate attention should be paid to the optimization of the siRNA gene silencing effect, both in terms of magnitude and duration. Intracellular time‐controlled siRNA delivery could aid in tailoring the kinetics of siRNA gene knockdown. However, materials with easily tunable siRNA release properties have not been subjected to thorough investigation thus far. This report describes cationic biodegradable dextran microgels which can be loaded with siRNA posterior to gel formation. Even though the siRNAs are incorporated in the hydrogel network based on electrostatic interaction, still a time‐controlled release can be achieved by varying the initial network density of the microgels. To demonstrate the biological functionality of the siRNA loaded gels, we studied their cellular internalization and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene silencing potential in HUH7 human hepatoma cells.