gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Off-resonance heating of mirror confined plasmas (1972)

Experiments are described in which microwave power above or below the electron-cyclotron frequency is applied to mirror confined plasmas. Above resonance, a finite heating rate is measured. Below resonance, tne plasmas are expelled. The upper off-resonance heating rate and the lower-off-resonance power required to expel the plasma agree with the predictions of a proposed theoretical model in which the spatial variation of the microwave electric field of the multimode cavity randomizes the electron motion.
Estimation of the states during refining in electric-arc-furnace steelmaking (1977)

The commercial incentives to obtain improved control of the steelmaking process in the electric-arc furnace are presented, and the progress made in applying computer control is reviewed. The development of a mathematical model of the refining process is shown to be restricted by the complex metallurgical nature of the process and the deficiency of existing plant instrumentation. The ability of a mathematical model, evolved from theoretical considerations, to simulate, accurately, a limited class of operating practice is demonstrated. A compromise between complexity and implied certainty of the model is obtained by a reduction in the dimension of the model state vector, and by the introduction of a white-Gaussian-noise process to account for the effect of the ignored states and the hypotheses on which the model is developed. Techniques developed recently for obtaining noisecorrupted measurements of the carbon content and temperature of the process are investigated, and the statistics of the uncertainty of these measurements is determined. The implementation of the extended Kalman filter for online state estimation is considered, and the operation of the filter under varied conditions of uncertainty is discussed. A technique for controlling divergence of the filter algorithm is presented, and the results of simulations indicate that estimates of the states can be obtained to the accuracy required for the design of a refining control strategy.
Human Mitochondrial Thioredoxin (2002)

Thioredoxins (Trx) are a class of small multifunctional redox-active proteins found in all organisms. Recently, we reported the cloning of a mitochondrial thioredoxin, Trx2, from rat heart. To investigate the biological role of Trx2 we have isolated the human homologue, hTrx2, and generated HEK-293 cells overexpressing Trx2 (HEK-Trx2). Here, we show that HEK-Trx2 cells are more resistant toward etoposide. In addition, HEK-Trx2 are more sensitive toward rotenone, an inhibitor of complex I of the respiratory chain. Finally, overexpression of Trx2 confers an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential, DeltaPsi(m). Treatment with oligomycin could both reverse the effect of rotenone and decrease the membrane potential suggesting that Trx2 interferes with the activity of ATP synthase. Taken together, these results suggest that Trx2 interacts with specific components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and plays an important role in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential.
Ontological support to knowledge management in a hydrogeological information system (2006)

In this work we report our experience in realizing an Information System for the Italian APAT agency (Azienda per la Protezione Ambiente e Territorio) with the aim of supporting analysis of the hydrogeological situation of the Italian territory. Objective of the system is to provide a structured environment for knowledge management and report production, to support the complex activity of APAT officers in charge of retrieving, organizing and managing data originating from distributed APAT agencies (one for each Italian region) and of those involved in the production of synthesis documentation over the collected information.
Phylogenetic and biochemical evidence for a secondary structure model of a small cytoplasmic RNA from Bacilli (1990)

Small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA; 271 nucleotides) is an abundant, stable RNA identified in the Gram-positive eubacterium Bacillus subtilis. Several findings suggest an important role of scRNA in protein biosynthesis: it shares structural and biochemical features with the Escherichia coli 4.5S RNA (114 nucleotides), a molecule known to be involved in this process, and it can complement the essential function of 4.5S RNA in vivo. The common apical hairpin motif of scRNA and 4.5S RNA also exists in eukaryotic 7SL RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle. To elucidate the higher-order structure of scRNA, we have combined a phylogenetic approach with a biochemical one. The sequence of scRNA from a thermophilic relative of B. subtilis, Bacillus stearothermophilus, was determined and compared with the B. subtilis scRNA. In addition, the solution structure of B. stearothermophilus scRNA was probed with single- and double-strand-specific nucleases. Both types of analysis support a secondary structure model for scRNA that strongly resembles 4.5S RNA and respective parts of 7SL RNA. The results provide further evidence for the suggestion of a functional relationship between these RNAs.
Parametric Forecasting and Stochastic Programming Models for Call-Center Workforce Scheduling (2015)

We develop and test an integrated forecasting and stochastic programming approach to workforce management in call centers. We first demonstrate that parametric forecasts, discretized using Gaussian quadrature, can be used to drive stochastic programs whose results are stable with relatively small numbers of scenarios. We then extend our approach to include forecast updates and two-stage stochastic programs with recourse and provide a general modeling framework for which recent, related models are special cases. In our formulations, the inclusion of multiple arrival-rate scenarios allows call centers to meet long-run average quality-of-service targets, and the use of recourse actions helps them to lower long-run average costs. Experiments with two large sets of call-center data highlight the complementary nature of these elements.
Una nueva serie de 2-oxonicotinonitrilos a base de hidrazida-hidrazonas como agentes antimicrobianos: Diseño, síntesis y evaluación antimicrobiana (2018)

espanolAlquilacion regioespecifica de 2-oxonicotinonitrilos 1a,b con bromoacetato de etilo seguida de la hidrazinolisis permitida por las hidrazidas de acido acetico 3a,b. Estos ultimos compuestos se condensaban con una variedad de compuestos que contienen carbonilo para dar lugar a los compuestos destinatarios a base de hidrazonas 4a,b, 5a,b, 6a-h y 7a,b. La actividad antimicrobiana de los nuevos compuestos sintetizados no era evidente contra los microorganismos analizados a excepcion de los compuestos 4b, 5c, 5d y 6b que mostraban una actividad moderada hacia el B. subtilus. EnglishRegiospecific alkylation of 2-oxonicotinonitriles 1a,b with ethyl bromoacetate followed by hydrozinolysis afforded acetic acid hydrazides 3a,b. The latter compounds were condensed with a variety of carbonyl containing compounds to give the target compounds of hydrazones 4a,b, 5a,b, 6a-h and 7a,b. The antimicrobial activity of the new synthesized compounds do not showed activity against tested micro-organisms except compounds 4b, 5c, 5d and 6b showed moderate activity towards B. subtilus catalaAlquilacio regioespecifica de 2-oxonicotinonitrilos 1a,b amb bromoacetato de etilo seguida de la hidrazinolisis permes per les hidrazides d’acid acetic 3a,b. Aquests ultims compostos es condensaven amb una varietat de compostos que tenen carbonil, per donar lloc a compostos “target” a base de hidrazones 4a,b, 5a,b, 6a-h y 7a,b. La activitat antimicrobiana dels nous compostos sintetitzats no va apareixer contra els microorganismes avaluats a excepcio dels compostos 4b, 5c, 5d i 6b que mostraven una activitat moderada versus el B. subtilus
Effect of annealing temperature on microstructural evolution and electrical properties of sol-gel processed ZrO2/Si films (2011)

High-permittivity (k) ZrO2/Si(100) films were fabricated by a sol-gel technique and the microstructural evolution with the annealing temperature (Ta) was correlated with the variation of their electrical performance. With increasing Ta, the ZrO2 films crystallized into a tetragonal (t) phase which was maintained until 700 °C at nanoscale thicknesses. Although the formation of the t-ZrO2 phase obviously enhanced the k value of the ZrO2 dielectric layer, the maximum capacitance in accumulation was decreased by the growth of a low-k interfacial layer (IL) between ZrO2 and Si with increasing Ta. On the other hand, the gate leakage current was remarkably depressed with increasing Ta probably due to the combined effects of the increased IL thickness, optical band gap of ZrO2, and density of ZrO2 and decreased remnant organic components.
Extracting hyponyms of prespecified hypernyms from itemizations and headings in web documents (2004)

This paper describes a method to acquire hyponyms for given hypernyms from HTML documents on the WWW. We assume that a heading (or explanation) of an itemization (or listing) in an HTML document is likely to contain a hypernym of the items in the itemization, and we try to acquire hyponymy relations based on this assumption. Our method is obtained by extending Shinzato's method (Shinzato and Torisawa, 2004) where a common hypernym for expressions in itemizations in HTML documents is obtained by using statistical measures. By using Japanese HTML documents, we empirically show that our proposed method can obtain a significant number of hyponymy relations which would otherwise be missed by alternative methods.
Dynamic Simulation of a Space Reactor System with Closed Brayton Cycle Loops (2010)

A dynamic simulation model for space reactor power systems with multiple closed Brayton cycle loops for energy conversion is developed and demonstrated for a startup transient. The simulated power system employs a submersion-subcritical safe space S ^ 4 reactor with a negative temperature reactivity feedback and has no single-point failures in reactor cooling and energy conversion. The S ^ 4 reactor core is divided into three hydraulically independent sectors, and each sector has a separate closed Brayton cycle loop that is thermal-hydraulically coupled to a circulating liquid NaK-78 secondary loop with two water heat pipe heat rejection radiator panels. Each closed Brayton cycle loop has a Brayton rotating unit designed and optimized for high thermal efficiency and low specific mass (1.16 kg/kW e ). The reactor coolant and the closed Brayton cycle working fluid is a He-Xe binary gas mixture with a molecular weight of 40 g/mol. Results are presented for a startup transient of the S ^ 4 closed Brayton cycle power system to full-power operation at a reactor thermal power 471 kW th , a Brayton rotating unit shaft speed of 45 krpm, and turbine and compressor inlet temperatures of 1149 and 400 K, respectively. At these conditions, the nominal electrical power and thermal efficiency of the power system are 130.8 kW e and 27.8%.
Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure and Quantum Chemical Calculations of 2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl Acetate (2021)

This paper is focused on a combined experimental and theoretical study of 3-substituted coumarin derivative, the 2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl acetate (I). The compound was synthesized by reacting chroman-2,3-dione and acetic anhydride in dried diethyl ether in the presence of dried pyridine and crystallized in the orthorhombic crystal system with Pbca space group. The lattice parameters of the structure are a=14.6770 (1), b=7.1079 (1), c=17.6767 (2) Å, α=β=γ=90° with 8 molecules per unit cell (Z=8). The compound has been characterized structurally by Spectroscopy utilizing <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR and IR techniques and by crystallography using the X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. In the crystallographic study, the positions of the atoms were determined by direct methods and refined to a final R value of 0.038 for 1768 independent reflections. The stabilization of the structure is provided by intermolecular C-H•••O hydrogen bonds extending along [010] direction. Likewise, the presence and nature of intermolecular contacts are determined by the 3-D molecular Hirshfeld surface and 2-D fingerprint plot analysis which indicate the main contributions to the Hirshfeld surface, 38.7% for O ••• H and 28.7% for H •• H. Moreover, the molecular geometry of (I) was as well minimized utilizing density functional theory (DFT/RB3LYP), the frequency calculations with RB3LYP method, the basic <i>ab initio</i> model i.e the restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) and the exchange component of Perdew and Wang’s 1991 functional B3PW91 methods with the 6-311<sup>++</sup>G(d, p) basis set in ground state. The derived structural parameters highlight very good correlation with the crystallographic results. Frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO), their energy gap, the non-linear optical effects (NLO) and related reactive parameters were also computed to better apprehend the properties of the molecule.
Quantitative Analysis of the T Cell Repertoire Selected by a Single Peptide–Major Histocompatibility Complex (1998)

The positive selection of CD4+ T cells requires the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules in the thymus, but the role of self-peptides complexed to class II molecules is still a matter of debate. Recently, it was observed that transgenic mice expressing a single peptide-MHC class II complex positively select significant numbers of diverse CD4+ T cells in the thymus. However, the number of selected T cell specificities has not been evaluated so far. Here, we have sequenced 700 junctional complementarity determining regions 3 (CDR3) from T cell receptors (TCRs) carrying Vbeta11-Jbeta1.1 or Vbeta12-Jbeta1.1 rearrangements. We found that a single peptide-MHC class II complex positively selects at least 10(5) different Vbeta rearrangements. Our data yield a first evaluation of the size of the T cell repertoire. In addition, they provide evidence that the single Ealpha52-68-I-Ab complex skews the amino acid frequency in the TCR CDR3 loop of positively selected T cells. A detailed analysis of CDR3 sequences indicates that a fraction of the beta chain repertoire bears the imprint of the selecting self-peptide.
A 255 Mb SDRAM with subthreshold leakage current suppression (2002)

A 204.9 mm/sup 2/ 256 Mb SDRAM has a 29 ns RAS access time and a 1ns clock access time. The SDRAM enables double-data-rate (DDR) at more than 300 Mb/s/pin, and features low-Vth and high-drivability MOSFETs combined with subthreshold leakage current suppression that reduces standby current to 200 /spl mu/A. A 64-cycle lock-in 0.1 ns resolution delay-locked-loop (DLL) is used.
Cylindrical IEC Fusion Neutron Source for Broad Area NAA (2010)

The development of a unique long cylindrical neutron source for broad area neutron activation analysis (NAA) is presented. This source uses inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) to produce 2.54 MeV D-D or 14.1 MeV D-T fusion neutrons for applications ranging from security inspection stations to driven-subcritical research assemblies. This design uses a biased grid to initial in a unique “star” mode plasma discharge forming beam-background gas (target) fusion. In spherical geometry it routinely produces ∼108 2.54-MeV D-D fusion neutrons/s at steady-state. Pulsed operation has achieved up to 109 neutrons/sec. (equivalent to 1011 n/s using D-T fill). Indeed, a version of the spherical IEC has been produced commercially as a portable neutron source for industrial NAA applications. Recently a cylindrical (2-dimensional version) design based on the spherical unit has been developed. This provides a unique long “line-like” neutron source for use in broad area NAA. This IEC forms ion beams in the volume between the grounded wall and the concentric cylindrical grid. Those beams converge in the center, much like in the star mode spherical IEC. To date, neutron yields of up to 108 D-D neutrons/sec have been achieved with the cylindrical device. A sealed-off unit using getters for gas storage-control has been developed to simplify use in practical applications such as a luggage inspection station. Such units would be filled with deuterium at a central fueling facility, and sent out to the field. After extended operation, they would be returned to this facility for refilling.
Zinc-Catalyzed Allenylations of Aldehydes and Ketones (2011)

The general zinc-catalyzed allenylation of aldehydes and ketones with an allenyl boronate is presented. Preliminary mechanistic studies support a kinetically controlled process wherein, after a site-selective B/Zn exchange to generate a propargyl zinc intermediate, the addition to the electrophile effectively competes with propargyl-allenyl zinc equilibration. The utility of the methodology was demonstrated by application to a rhodium-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition.
A core genome approach that enables prospective and dynamic monitoring of infectious outbreaks (2019)

Whole-genome sequencing is increasingly adopted in clinical settings to identify pathogen transmissions, though largely as a retrospective tool. Prospective monitoring, in which samples are continuously added and compared to previous samples, can generate more actionable information. To enable prospective pathogen comparison, genomic relatedness metrics based on single-nucleotide differences must be consistent across time, efficient to compute and reliable for a large variety of samples. The choice of genomic regions to compare, i.e., the core genome, is critical to obtain a good metric. We propose a novel core genome method that selects conserved sequences in the reference genome by comparing its k-mer content to that of publicly available genome assemblies. The conserved-sequence genome is sample set-independent, which enables prospective pathogen monitoring. Based on clinical data sets of 3436 S. aureus, 1362 K. pneumoniae and 348 E. faecium samples, ROC curves demonstrate that the conserved-sequence genome disambiguates same-patient samples better than a core genome consisting of conserved genes. The conserved-sequence genome confirms outbreak samples with high sensitivity: in a set of 2335 S. aureus samples, it correctly identifies 44 out of 44 known outbreak samples, whereas the conserved-gene method confirms 38 known outbreak samples.
Impinging jet characterization in a laser-cut kerf (2000)

Characterization of a supersonic impinging jet in a laser cut kerf was conducted, with a Schlieren method, a total pressure measurement, and a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis to investigate gas dynamic effects of the jet in cutting processes. From the measurements, a flow field extension along a kerf direction inside the kerf, with higher feed pressure, smaller nozzle-workpiece distance, smaller kerf width, or lager nozzle diameter, was corresponding to the extension of the total pressure distribution at the kerf bottom. Also, with higher feed pressure, smaller nozzle-workpiece distance, wider kerf width, or lager nozzle diameter, positions of flow separation lines at both kerf side walls and a cutting front become deeper, and all values of total pressure distributions were increased. From the CFD results, it was shown that a nozzle jet was abruptly compressed forming a normal shock above the workpiece surface, and behind the shock the flow was expanded and accelerated downward and to a kerf direction. A flow separation and an associated recirculation zone occurring at the bottom of a cutting front were found. Imbalanced flow separations and recirculation zones at both side walls, and flickers of the flow inside the kerf were also observed. From the cutting experiments, it was found that better cutting performances were achievable with the conditions in which wider and deeper penetration of the flow field inside the kerf was obtainable.
Nox4 inhibition, by GKT 137831, decreases obesity-associated vascular dysfunction and pro-fibrotic effects (2013)

The pathophysiological role of Nox4 remains elusive and controversial. Even though Nox4 expression is increased in hypertension, diabetes and obesity, some studies demonstrate that Nox4 deficiency predisposes to obesity and insulin resistance. We showed that Nox1/4 inhibition is renoprotective in diabetes. Whether Nox4 influences vascular function and kidney status in obesity associated with mild diabetes is unclear. We hypothesized that Nox4-specific inhibition is protective against obesity-associated vascular and kidney damage. We studied db/m (control) and db/db mice (obese) mice for 16 weeks receiving 1) vehicle; 2) low dose Nox4 inhibitor, GKT137831 (GKT) (20 mg) and 3) high dose GKT (60 mg) for 16 weeks. Body weight increased in db/db (61.8g ± 0.95) versus controls (33.5g ± 0.72, p&lt;0.05). Plasma glucose and albuminuria were slightly increased in db/db. GKT did not influence body weight but reduced epididymal fat mass in db/db (20% increase, p&lt;0.05). Blood pressure was similar in all groups. Kidney weight (25%) and markers of renal fibrosis, such as, fibronectin (60%), pro-collagen I (PCI - 50%) and TGFβ (30%), were increased in db/db versus controls (p&lt;0.05). High dose GKT decreased renal expression of fibronectin and PCI in db/db. Renal ERK1/2 activation was ameliorated by high dose GKT in db/db (vehicle, 65% vs GKT, 2.3%, p&lt;0.05). Plasma 8-isoprostanes (db/db: 1263±96 vs db/m: 936±35), marker of systemic oxidative stress, and kidney hydrogen peroxide (db/db: 1 fold increase vs db/m) levels were increased in db/db, effects blocked by GKT. Endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice was not affected by GKT, but decreased NE-induced vascular contraction in db/db (pD2: db/db vs. db/db high dose, 6.4±0.1 vs. 5.6 ± 0.1, p&lt;0.001). Reduced contraction by GKT was associated with decreased Rho kinase activity (db/db: 84% increase vs db/db+GKT 60 mg: 29% increase, p&lt;0.05). Our findings suggest a role for Nox4 in obesity-associated kidney and vascular damage/dysfunction, important factors predisposing to cardiovascular disease in obesity. Mechanisms underlying Nox4 effects involve oxidative stress and Rho kinase.
Novel PHF6 mutation p.D333del causes Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (2003)

Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas (302536989)
Zodiac: efficient impact analysis for storage area networks (2005)

Currently, the fields of impact analysis and policy based management are two important storage management topics that are not being treated in an integrated manner. Policy-based storage management is being adopted by most storage vendors because it lets system administrators specify high level policies and moves the complexity of enforcing these policies to the underlying management software. Similarly, proactive impact analysis is becoming an important aspect of storage management because system administrators want to assess the impact of making a change before actually making it. Impact analysis is increasingly becoming a complex task when one is dealing with a large number of devices and workloads. Adding the policy dimension to impact analysis (that is, what policies are being violated due to a particular action) makes this problem even more complex.In this paper we describe a new framework and a set of optimization techniques that combine the fields of impact analysis and policy management. In this framework system administrators define policies for performance, interoperability, security, availability, and then proactively assess the impact of desired changes on both the system observables and policies. Additionally, the proposed optimizations help to reduce the amount of data and the number of policies that need to be evaluated. This improves the response time of impact analysis operations. Finally, we also propose a new policy classification scheme that classifies policies based on the algorithms that can be used to optimize their evaluation. Such a classification is useful in order to efficiently evaluate user-defined policies. We present an experimental study that quantitatively analyzes the framework and algorithms on real life storage area network policies. The algorithms presented in this paper can be leveraged by existing impact analysis and policy engine tools.