gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tumor initiators and promoters in of Epstein-Barr virus (herpesvirus/tumor viruses/chemical carcinogenesis/diterpene (2016)

The effect of various tumor initiators and promoters on induction of persisting Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in different lines of lymphoblastoid cells was analyzed. Neither five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, amongst them potent tumor initiators (e.g., 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene), nor the potent (ultimate) liver carcinogen N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylamino- fluorene induced EBV. A series of compounds, representing three classes of tumor-promoting diterpene esters (e.g., 12-0- tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), efficiently induced EBV in persistently infected cells. The concentration required for maximal induction ranged between 0.5 and 100 nM. Some nonpromoting diterpenes (phorbol, 4a-phorbol-12,13-dideca- noate, and ingenol) did not induce EBV. However, the nonpro- moters, resiniferatoxin and 12-deoxyphorbol-13-decatrienoate, were effective, whereas anthralin, a tumor promoter, did not induce EBV. In three lines of EBV genome-carrying cells (Raji, NC-37, and RPMI 64-10) only abortive induction was noted, leading exclusively to synthesis of early antigen. In cells of lines with low spontaneous virus release (P3HR-1, B95-8, and QIMR-Wil), upon treatment with tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, approximately 20-40 times more viral DNA was recovered as compared to untreated controls. Viral DNA from tetradeca-
0.2 mu m T-shaped gate 2DEGFETs with an (InAs) (GaAs) short period superlattice channel on a GaAs substrate (2002)

(InAs)/sub 1/(GaAs)/sub n/ short-period superlattice (SPS) channel 2DEGFETs with 0.2 mu m T-shaped gates have been successfully fabricated, and DC and RF performances of the superlattice channel devices have been investigated. Compared to conventional InGaAs alloy channel devices, excellent results in both DC and RF characteristics have been obtained for the SPS channel devices. Higher cut-off frequencies and superior, noise performances of 0.55 dB with an associated gain of 11.26 dB at 12 GHz have been shown. The improved device performances can be explained based on superior electron transport due to the anisotropy of the effective mass of electrons in the SPS channel. These results indicate the great potential of SPS channel structures for high-frequency low-noise device applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
β‐Strand Mimetic Foldamers Rigidified through Dipolar Repulsion (2015)

Many therapeutically relevant protein-protein interactions contain hot-spot regions on secondary structural elements, which contribute disproportionately to binding enthalpy. Mimicry of such α-helical regions has met with considerable success, however the analogous approach for the β-strand has received less attention. Presented herein is a foldamer for strand mimicry in which dipolar repulsion is a central determinant of conformation. Computation as well as solution- and solid-phase data are consistent with an ensemble weighted almost exclusively in favor of the desired conformation.
Implementation and field test results of a software defined PLC modem (2012)

This paper presents in details the implementation and field test results of a software defined power line communication (PLC) modem using digital signal processor (DSP). The flexible software architecture using a single hardware supports multiple standard solutions, such as PRIME, G3, IEEE P1901.2. The modem software can also be configured to use different OFDM technologies to combat channel impairment specific to a particular region's grid condition. This paper describes the physical layer software architecture, complexity analysis and field test results. The field tests at multiple sites show the significant benefits of flexible software defined modem configuration to improve throughput and coverage.
Monolithic GaAs/Si V-groove depletion-type optical phase shifters integrated in a 300  mm Si photonics platform (2022)

We demonstrate monolithically integrated n-GaAs/p-Si depletion-type optical phase shifters fabricated on a 300 mm wafer-scale Si photonics platform. We measured the phase shifter performance using Mach–Zehnder modulators with the GaAs/Si optical phase shifters in both arms. A modulation efficiency of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m1"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> as low as 0.3 V·cm has been achieved, which is much lower compared to a carrier-depletion type Si optical phase shifter with pn junction. While propagation loss is relatively high at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m2"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo form="prefix">∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6.5</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mi>dB</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>mm</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , the modulator length can be reduced by the factor of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m3"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo form="prefix">∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for the same optical modulation amplitude of a Si reference Mach–Zehnder modulator, owing to the high modulation efficiency of the shifters.
An integrated digital platform for rapid evaluation of novel wireless architectures (2005)

This paper presents the design and realization of a testbed for novel wireless architectures. The main objective of the testbed is to provide an easy-to-use and programmable integrated digital platform that interfaces to a flexible IF/RF section. The digital section is composed of different digital devices in order to fulfill the processing and control needs of the targeted wireless architecture. The flexible IF/RF section is constructed with discrete analog/RF circuits that are connected together to achieve the targeted architecture functionality. The resulting testbed allows architecture exploration and fast prototyping for wireless applications. We present the case of a LINC (linear amplification using nonlinear components) transmitter and compare results of the realized testbed with those obtained with a setup using commercial signal generators.
Low Incidence of Myocardial Recovery After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (1998)

Background —Mechanical, histological, and biochemical improvement has been described in patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Explantation of the LVADs without heart transplantation has been described in selected patients who received this therapy as a bridge to transplantation. Methods and Results —A retrospective review of patients receiving a mechanical bridge to transplantation at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital after July 21, 1991, was performed to determine the incidence of patients in whom the device was successfully explanted. From August 1, 1996, to February 1, 1998, we prospectively attempted to identify potential explant candidates by the use of exercise testing. During this time, we recruited 39 consecutive patients after insertion of the Thermo Cardiosystems vented electric device to participate in the following study. Approximately 3 months after device implantation, a maximal exercise test with hemodynamic monitoring and respiratory gas analysis was performed with the LVAD in the automated mode. The electric device was interfaced with a pneumatic console such that the rate could be decreased to 20 cycles/min. Hemodynamic measurements were recorded as the device rate was decreased. A repeat exercise test was then performed if the patient remained hemodynamically stable. A retrospective chart review of 111 LVAD recipients at our institution identified only 5 successful explant patients. Eighteen of the 39 patients were studied. Fifteen patients exercised with maximal device support. At peak exercise, V̇ o 2 averaged 14.5±3.6 mL · kg −1 · min −1 ; LVAD flow, 8.0±1.3 L/min; Fick cardiac output, 11.4±3.3 L/min; and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 13±4 mm Hg. Seven patients remained normotensive and could exercise at a fixed rate of 20 cycles/min. In these patients, peak V̇ o 2 declined from 17.3±3.9 to 13.0±6.1 mL · kg −1 · min −1 . In one of these patients, the device was explanted. Conclusions —Significant myocardial recovery after LVAD therapy in patients with end-stage congestive heart failure occurs in a small percentage of patients. Most of these patients have dilated cardiomyopathy. Exercise testing may be a useful modality to identify those patients in whom the device can be explanted.
Enantioselective synthesis of structurally intricate and complementary polyoxygenated building blocks of Spongistatin 1 (Altohyrtin A) (2009)

Enantioselective approaches to the construction of four complex building blocks of the structurally intricate marine macrolide known as spongistatin 1 are presented. The first phase of the synthetic effort relies on a practical approach to a desymmetrized, enantiomerically pure spiroketal ring system incorporating rings A and B. Concurrently, the C17–C28 subunit, which houses one-fifth of the stereogenic centers of the target in the form of rings C and D, was assembled via a composite of stereocontrolled aldol condensations. Once arrival at the entire C1–C28 sector had been realized, routes were devised to provide two additional highly functionalized sectors consisting of C29–C44 and C38–C51. A series of subsequent transformations including cyclization of the E ring and hydroboration to afford the B -alkyl intermediate for the key Suzuki coupling to append the side chain took advantage of efficient stereocontrol. Ultimately, complete assembly and functionalization of the western EF sector of spongistatin was thwarted by an inoperative Suzuki coupling step intended to join the side chain to the C29–C44 sector, and later because of complications due to protecting groups, which precluded the complete elaboration of the late stage C29–C51 intermediate.
A proteomic investigation of isogenic radiation resistant prostate cancer cell lines (2021)

To model the problem of radiation resistance in prostate cancer, cell lines mimicking a clinical course of conventionally fractionated or hypofractionated radiotherapy have been generated. Proteomic analysis of radiation resistant and radiosensitive DU145 prostate cancer cells detected 4410 proteins. Over 400 proteins were differentially expressed across both radiation resistant cell lines and pathway analysis revealed enrichment in epithelial to mesenchymal transition, glycolysis and hypoxia. From the radiation resistant protein candidates, the cell surface protein CD44 was identified in the glycolysis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathways and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Hierarchical Precoding in a Realistic Ultradense Heterogeneous Environment Exceeding the Degrees of Freedom (2016)

Cell densification is a widely used approach to increase the spectral efficiency per area of cellular networks. Such Ultradense Networks (UDNs) consisting of small cells are often coordinated by macro base stations (BSs). With universal frequency reuse interference from the macro BS limits the system spectral efficiency. In this work we exploit the degrees of freedom at the macro BS to apply interference coordination. We propose a hierarchical precoding strategy in the spatial domain in order to project interference from the macro BS into the subspace of small cell users enabling linear cancellation. The macro BS interference towards small cell users is aligned within the joint null space of users served by the macro BS. Compared to classical interference alignment, our scheme does not require coordination between macrocells and small cells. We present three algorithms: in the first the interference is minimized by iterative alignment, in the second the uncoordinated interference from the small cells is considered, and in the third iterative Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) technique is used. We provide numerical evaluation, complexity analysis, and robustness analysis of these algorithms based on a realistic channel model showing the benefit of hierarchical precoding compared to the uncoordinated case.
Interfacial Curvature in Graft and Diblock Copolymers and Implications for Long-Range Order in Cylindrical Morphologies (1997)

Microstructures of block copolymers in the strong segregation limit are characterized by well-defined interfaces separating the different block materials into domains on a nanometer scale. In this paper, we address the effects of architectural and conformational asymmetry of the blocks on the interfacial curvature characteristics and on the degree of long-range order in the cylindrical morphologies. Experimental (TEM and SAXS) curvature data from polyisoprene−polystyrene (I2S) simple graft block copolymers and from polyisoprene−poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) linear, conformationally asymmetric diblock copolymers are presented and compared to data from polyisoprene−polystyrene linear diblock copolymers. The experimental data are elucidated by a simple curvature free energy model which accounts for core-space-filling without explicitly specifying the shape of the microdomain. This model allows the prediction of preferred interfacial curvature characteristics as a function of molecular architecture. Good agreement is obtained between the theoretically calculated mean and Gaussian curvatures and the experimentally measured values. A key finding is that the degree of frustration, as measured by the difference between the free energy of the preferred curvature of a given block copolymer and that of the nearest accessible space-filling structure (such as the cylindrical structure), is correlated with the degree of long-range order.
Innate Protection of Mycobacterium smegmatis against the Antimicrobial Activity of Nitric Oxide Is Provided by Mycothiol (2007)

Nitric oxide (NO) is an efficient antimicrobial agent. A role for mycothiol in protecting mycobacteria from nitrosative damage was revealed by showing that a Mycobacterium smegmatis mutant is sensitive to NO. A direct correlation between NO and mycothiol levels confirmed that mycothiol is important for protecting mycobacteria from NO attack.
Differential effects of antibodies to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and distinct epitopes of the alpha4 integrin in HgCl2-induced nephritis in Brown Norway rats. (1998)

Four distinct epitopes (A, B1, B2, and C) have been functionally defined on the human alpha4 integrin. In this study, two cross-reactive antihuman alpha4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) (HP2/1 and HP2/4 specific for epitopes B1 and B2, respectively) were used to functionally characterize the rat VLA-4 subunit and to define similar functional epitopes in this rodent species. It was found that B1 and B2 anti-alpha4 mAb completely block adhesion to fibronectin, but the inhibition of adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) with HP2/1 mAb was lower than with HP2/4 mAb. It was also observed that epitope B2 HP2/4 mAb induced homotypic aggregation in rat lymphocytes, whereas epitope B1 HP2/1 mAb did not. Using the HgCl2 model of nephritis, this study shows the protective effect of both anti-alpha4 mAb against infiltration of the renal interstitium by leukocytes. Nevertheless, HP2/1 mAb, but not HP2/4 mAb, virtually abolished the anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody synthesis and glomerular deposits. These findings indicate the dual but independent role played by alpha4 integrins in both extravasation of leukocytes and in the production of antibodies. Finally, this study demonstrates that anti-rat VCAM-1 mAb showed a positive reactivity of the renal vascular endothelium and, most importantly, that administration of anti-VCAM-1 antibodies completely abrogated the interstitial cell infiltrates without affecting anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody production. These results confirm the important role played by VLA-4/VCAM-1 pathway in leukocyte infiltration, and further support the dual and independent role of alpha4 integrins in both renal infiltration and autoantibody synthesis in this model of renal disease.
Ion pickup of large, surface-adsorbed molecules: a demonstration of the Eley-Rideal mechanism (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon pickup of large, surface-adsorbed molecules: a demonstration of the Eley-Rideal mechanismE. R. Williams, G. C. Jones Jr., L. Fang, R. N. Zare, B. J. Garrison, and D. W. BrennerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 9, 3207–3210Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00035a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00035a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AC Processing Controllers for IPT Systems (2012)

Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems allow electrical energy to be transferred over a relatively large air gap via high frequency magnetic fields. Such systems can be broadly classified based on application, but all such systems have various key components that include; the power electronic transmitter, the receiver electronics, the magnetic coupler and the power flow controller. The purpose of using a power flow controller is to regulate the power delivered to a load using a reference independent of system parameter variations of the IPT system. Some of the common parameters which can cause variations in the power transfer of an IPT system are load resistance and coupling coefficient. Recently, a new type of power controller called an AC processing pickup has been proposed with significant advantages in terms of increasing system efficiency, reducing pickup size and lowering production cost compared to traditional pickups that also produce a controlled AC output using complex AC-DC-AC conversion circuits. This new controller is in two forms but both forms regulate AC power directly and produce a controllable high-frequency AC source over a wide load range suitable for lighting and EV charging applications. This chapter outlines the details and operation of the two different types of AC processing pickups along with analytic analysis. Simplified design examples with practical implementation methods will be presented for systems with variations in load and coupling.
Improved Coordinated Response and Disturbance Rejection in the Critical Sections of Paper Machines (2007)

Critical sections of a paper machine such as the wet end presses, size press, on-machine coater, and reel may be required to undergo large and fast load changes in normal operation. These changes must result in minimum disturbance to the ingoing sheet tension or nip roll speed in order to avoid sheet breaks or wrinkling. This paper evaluates two disturbance-rejection control techniques, one using disturbance feedforward (or disturbance input decoupling) based on a nip-pressure disturbance observer and the other using a two-degrees-of-freedom controller. Evaluations were done in both a press section and a size press section of a lightweight paper machine, and the results showed that both methods are very effective in reducing the maximum speed deviation to about 10% of the values without compensation and can operate combined with torsional oscillation compensation without interference between them
Clinical Outcomes After Biceps Tenodesis or Tenotomy Using Subpectoral Pain to Guide Management in Patients With Rotator Cuff Tears (2019)

Level III, prospective comparative study.
Inferring causal molecular networks: empirical assessment through a community-based effort (2020)

Inferring molecular networks is a central challenge in computational biology. However, it has remained unclear whether causal, rather than merely correlational, relationships can be effectively inferred in complex biological settings. Here we describe the HPN-DREAM network inference challenge that focused on learning causal influences in signaling networks. We used phosphoprotein data from cancer cell lines as well as in silico data from a nonlinear dynamical model. Using the phosphoprotein data, we scored more than 2,000 networks submitted by challenge participants. The networks spanned 32 biological contexts and were scored in terms of causal validity with respect to unseen interventional data. A number of approaches were effective and incorporating known biology was generally advantageous. Additional sub-challenges considered time-course prediction and visualization. Our results constitute the most comprehensive assessment of causal network inference in a mammalian setting carried out to date and suggest that learning causal relationships may be feasible in complex settings such as disease states. Furthermore, our scoring approach provides a practical way to empirically assess the causal validity of inferred molecular networks.
A 3.5–6.8GHz wide-bandwidth DTC-assisted fractional-N all-digital PLL with a MASH ΔΣ TDC for low in-band phase noise (2016)

We present a digital-to-time converter (DTC)-assisted fractional-N wide-bandwidth all-digital PLL (ADPLL). It employs a MASH ΔΣ time-to-digital converter (TDC) to achieve low in-band phase noise, and a wide-tuning range digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO). Fabricated in 40nm CMOS, the ADPLL consumes 10.7 mW while outputting 1.73 to 3.38 GHz (after a ÷2 division) and achieves better than -109 dBc/Hz in-band phase noise and 420fs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> integrated jitter.
AUTOMATED MEDIA OVERLAY (2016)

A media overlay system provides user selectable media overlays. The system receives a user video of the user consuming a media item. Further, the system generates a video overlay for the media item from the user video so that the media item playing in the user video is aligned with the media item. The system provides the video overlay as an option with the media item. Further, the system causes the video overlay to be streamed with the media item in response to a request to play the media item and the video overlay.
Optical properties of wurtzite InP nanowires under hydrostatic pressure (2015)

December 13-16, 2015