gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multichannel nonlinear phase analysis for time-frequency data fusion (2003)

A general method for time delay of arrival (TDOA) estimation for time-frequency information fusion is analyzed. This technique, for which the generalized cross correlation method and histogram methods are special cases, results in a low TDOA estimation error and high efficiency in computation. The proposed method relies on a non-linear phase-error selector function, which acts as a reward and punish method for the phase error at each frequency. Three different selector function candidates, consisting of cosine, rectangular, and triangular functions are analyzed using simulations. In the presence of Gaussian noise, the rectangular selector function performs better than the cosine at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) higher than 10dB while for lower SNRs the cosine function performs better. With speech noise, the cosine function, which corresponds to the generalized cross correlation technique, has higher anomaly percentages and higher root-mean-square errors than the rectangular function. This suggests that in general, the rectangular selector function, which can be computed more easily than the cosine selector function, is superior technique to the generalized cross correlation method for real-time applications.
Lumped Parameter Thermal Model for the Study of Vascular Reactivity in the Fingertip (2008)

Vascular reactivity (VR) denotes changes in volumetric blood flow in response to arterial occlusion. Current techniques to study VR rely on monitoring blood flow parameters and serve to predict the risk of future cardiovascular complications. Because tissue temperature is directly impacted by blood flow, a simplified thermal model was developed to study the alterations in fingertip temperature during arterial occlusion and subsequent reperfusion (hyperemia). This work shows that fingertip temperature variation during VR test can be used as a cost-effective alternative to blood perfusion monitoring. The model developed introduces a function to approximate the temporal alterations in blood volume during VR tests. Parametric studies are performed to analyze the effects of blood perfusion alterations, as well as any environmental contribution to fingertip temperature. Experiments were performed on eight healthy volunteers to study the thermal effect of 3 min of arterial occlusion and subsequent reperfusion (hyperemia). Fingertip temperature and heat flux were measured at the occluded and control fingers, and the finger blood perfusion was determined using venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP). The model was able to phenomenologically reproduce the experimental measurements. Significant variability was observed in the starting fingertip temperature and heat flux measurements among subjects. Difficulty in achieving thermal equilibration was observed, which indicates the important effect of initial temperature and thermal trend (i.e., vasoconstriction, vasodilatation, and oscillations).
Possible role of matriptase in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer (2003)

There are increasing data that suggest a role for the serine protease matriptase and its inhibitor, hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1, in the pathogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer. This review will discuss the matriptase/inhibitor system in the context of ovarian cancer and examine the possibility that this system might be a useful therapeutic and/or diagnostic target in this disease.
In Vivo FRET Imaging to Predict the Risk Associated with Hepatic Accumulation of Squalene‐Based Prodrug Nanoparticles (2017)

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is used here for the first time to monitor the in vivo fate of nanoparticles made of the squalene-gemcitabine prodrug and two novel derivatives of squalene with the cyanine dyes 5.5 and 7.5, which behave as efficient FRET pair in the NIR region. Following intravenous administration, nanoparticles initially accumulate in the liver, then they show loss of their integrity within 2 h and clearance of the squalene bioconjugates is observed within 24 h. Such awareness is a key prerequisite before introduction into clinical settings.
How to develop spiritual awareness in the organization (2014)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical model that leverages the practical wisdom of the Panch-Kosa framework of yogic philosophy to develop an awareness of spirituality in the organization. It also provides quasi-quantitative empirical evidence to demonstrate its potential application. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was designed and administered in four different organizations. Correlation, ANOVA and χ 2 analysis were conducted to explore the applicability of the proposed framework. Findings – The results indicate that values, as reflected in the physical aspects of an organization such as its logo, symbols and organizational elements characterized as “practice of Fair Governance” and “HR Effectiveness”, influence employee-related outcomes. Further, the study found that when there is a perfect “alignment” between an organization's intent to honor values and its corresponding actions, employees perceive the highest levels of holistic engagement. Research limitations/implications – This study has an implication on how to leverage practical wisdom from Hindu philosophy to enable individuals and organizations to transform to a higher level of consciousness. Originality/value – The paper has ventured into an uncharted territory of integrating the yogic framework of Panch-Kosa to the organizational elements and has provided preliminary support for its applicability in organizations. Moreover, it operationalizes the notion of alignment between organization's value-centric strategy and actions and its impact on employee-related outcomes.
Studies on thyroid hormone-binding proteins. II. Binding of thyroid hormones, retinol-binding protein, and fluorescent probes to prealbumin and effects of thyroxine on prealbumin subunit self association. (1975)

Vitamin A in human plasma is transported by its specific carrier protein, the retinol-binding protein. Under physiological conditions the protein forms a stable protein-protein complex with the tetrameric plasma protein, the thyroxine-binding prealbumin. Human prealbumin was shown to interact with the fluorescent probes 1,8-anilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) and 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS). ANS bound to the protein at two independent sites with the apparent association constant 3 X 10(5) M-1, whereas TNS interacted with a single site with the binding constant 5 X 10(k) M-1. The fluorescent yield of protein-bound ANS was 0.95, a more than 200-fold enhancement compared with that of ANS in aqueous solutions. TNS enhanced its quantum yield nearly 500-fold to 0.37. On addition of thyroid hormones the fluorescent probes could be quantitatively displaced from the protein. This finding suggested that triiodthyronine, thyroxine, and the probes bound to a common site in prealbumin, which is likely to have a strongly hydrophobic character. The association constants for the interaction between prealbumin and the thyroid hormones could be calculated by using the hormones as competitive inhibitors in the TNS-prealbumin titrations. The data from the competition experiments together with those obtained from equilibrium dialysis revealed one major hormone binding site on the protein. The calculated association constant were 9 X 10(6) M-1 and 1 X 10(8) M-1 for triiodothyronine and thyroxine, respectively. Prealbumin monomers were bound to Sepharose by covalent attachment, and their properties were examined. Evidence was obtained demonstrating that the retinol-binding protein could interact with a single subunit of prealbumin. The estimated apparent association constant for the interaction of the protein and the matrix-bound monomeric prealbumin was 3 X 10(4) M-1, approximately 250-fold lower than that measured for protein and matrix-bound tetrameric prealbumin. The data, however, strongly suggest that there are four retinol-binding protein sites per prealbumin molecule. Using the technique of sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation the prealbumin subunit self-association has been studied. The energy of the interaction for the prealbumin subunits is very high, and various concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride has to be used to perturb the equilibrium. All experiments indicated that prealbumin dissociates directly into monomers without the presence of intermediate forms. Thyroxine perturbed the chemical equilibrium of the prealbumin monomer-tetramer system by strengthening the interaction between the subunits.
Isothermal current–voltage characteristics of high-voltage 4H-SiC junction barrier Schottky rectifiers (2016)

The forward-pulse isothermal current–voltage characteristics of 4H-SiC junction barrier Schottky rectifiers (JBSs) with a nominal blocking voltage of 1700 V are measured in the temperature range from–80 to +90°C (193–363 K) up to current densities j of ~5600 A/cm2 at–80°C and 3000 A/cm2 at +90°C. In these measurements, the overheating of the structures relative to the ambient temperature, ΔT, did not exceed several degrees. At higher current densities, the effective injection of minority carriers (holes) into the base of the structures is observed, which is accompanied by the appearance of an S-type differential resistance. The pulsed isothermal current–voltage characteristics are also measured at a temperature of 77 K.
Supplemental Table 3 from mWTX-330, an IL-12 INDUKINE Molecule, Activates and Reshapes Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T and NK Cells to Generate Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Differential Gene Expression Analysis of EMT-6 Tumor Infiltrating CD8+ T cells&lt;/p&gt;
Low Drive Voltage, Negative Chirp 40 Gb/s EA-Modulator/Widely-Tunable Laser Transmitter, Using Quantum-Well-Intermixing (2006)

We present the first 40Gb/s widely-tunable EAM/laser transmitters demonstrating 1.0-1.5V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PtoP</inf> drive, low-chirp, and under 0.5dB of power penalty for transmission through 2.3km of fiber. A robust quantum-well-intermixing technique was employed for the realization of these devices.
BiCycle: Item Recommendation with Life Cycles (2017)

Recommender systems have attracted much attention in last decades, which can help the users explore new items in many applications. As a popular technique in recommender systems, item recommendation works by recommending items to users based on their historical interactions. Conventional item recommendation methods usually assume that users and items are stationary, which is not always the case in real-world applications. Many time-aware item recommendation models have been proposed to take the temporal effects into the considerations based on the absolute time stamps associated with observed interactions. We show that using absolute time to model temporal effects can be limited in some circumstances. In this work, we propose to model the temporal dynamics of both users and items in item recommendation based on their life cycles. This problem is very challenging to solve since the users and items can co-evolve in their life cycles and the sparseness of the data become more severe when we consider the life cycles of both users and items. A novel time-aware item recommendation model called BiCycle is proposed to address these challenges. BiCycle is designed based on two important observations: 1) correlated users or items usually share similar patterns in the similar stages of their life cycles. 2) user preferences and item characters can evolve gradually over different stages of their life cycles. Extensive experiments conducted on three real-world datasets demonstrate the proposed approach can significantly improve the performance of recommendation tasks by considering the inner life cycles of both users and items.
Packaging Optoelectronic/VLSI Chip Using Polarization Selective Computer Generated Holograms (1997)

Integration of microlenses with III-V devices such as lasers and detectors has been previously demonstrated 1,2, . Integration of the optics directly with the optoelectronic (OE) devices allows compact and reliable packaging for optical interconnect applications. The optical signals are routed to photodetectors and transmitted from the modulators or laser devices using arrays of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) or micro-optics components 3 . In general, these optical input and output signal paths need to be different, which, in turn, implies that the corresponding DOE or micro-optics arrays must be capable of providing dual functionality in implementing the communication links to and from the VLSI array with optical I/Os. However, since the conventional DOE or micro-optics components do not possess this dual functionality, additional components such as polarization beam splitters are required to separate the input and the output signals 4 . In this paper, we present the first integration of beam-forming computer generated holograms (CGH) with optoelectronic (I/O) devices flip-chip bonded to CMOS VLSI electronics, and the first integration of a polarization-selective CGH with an optoelectronic device.
Zero Thermal Expansion Fluid and Oriented Film Based on a Bistable Metal-Cyanide Polymer (2012)

A zero thermal expansion (ZTE) material based on plate-shaped rubidium manganese hexacyanoferrate, Rb0.97Mn[Fe(CN)6]0.99·0.3H2O, is prepared using a polyethylene glycol monolaurate (PEGM) surfactant matrix. The prepared microcrystals show a charge transfer induced phase transition between the cubic MnII–NC–FeIII and tetragonal MnIII–NC–FeII phases. The MnIII–NC–FeII phase exhibits a small negative thermal expansion (NTE) along the aLT and cLT axes with a thermal expansion coefficient of α(aLT) = −1.40 ± 0.12 × 10–6 K–1 and α(cLT) = −0.17 ± 0.13 × 10–6 K–1 over a wide temperature range of 15 K – 300 K. Such small |α| materials are classified as ZTE materials. The far-infrared spectra show that NTE originates from the transverse modes δ(Fe–C≡N–Mn)of the transverse translational mode around 304 cm–1, and transverse librational modes at 253 and 503 cm–1, which are assigned according to first principle calculations. Molecular orbital calculations indicate that ZTE and the charge transfer phase transition both originate from the transverse mode. Additionally, an oriented film on SiO2 glass is prepared using a microcrystal dispersive methanol solution and a spin-coating technique. This is the first example of a ZTE film that maintains a constant film thickness over a wide temperature range of 300 K.
Behavioral The Behavioral Effects of Adaptation to Facial Expressions are Explained by Changes in the Decision-Making Process (2013)

Perceptual aftereffects arising from adaptation have been widely used as a tool for exploring the neural representation of visual stimuli as simple as spots of color or as complex as faces. In most adaptation studies subjects make decisions about the appearance of a test stimulus presented alone or after viewing an adapting stimulus. Changes in decisions are commonly attributed to changes in sensory representation. Potential changes in the decision-making strategy, however, are rarely studied. Here, we utilize recent advances in our understanding of the decision-making process to disentangle representational and decisional effects of adaptation. A pure representational effect modifies the sensory evidence furnished by the test stimulus and is expected to cause equivalent shifts in the subject’s psychometric and chronometric functions. On the other hand, a change in the starting point or termination criterion of the evidence accumulation process can introduce asymmetries in the chronometric function. We tested these two hypotheses in a facial emotion adaptation task in which the subject reported whether a test face was happy or sad. The test stimuli were drawn from a spectrum of happy to sad faces of an individual and evaluated in three conditions: no adaptation, adaptation to a happy face, and adaptation to a sad face. As expected, adaptation shifted the perceived neutral face toward the adaptor. Surprisingly, reaction times for the two response categories (happy, sad) changed asymmetrically: for a fixed test stimulus responses opposite to the adapting category (adapt happy respond sad) were faster. A second experiment shows that our observation is invariant to adaptor size or location. These behavioral patterns are more compatible with a change in the decision-making process than a representational change. It is possible that the underlying neural mechanism for high-level face adaptation differs from low level adaptation, which may be best explained by representational changes. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2013
The Oncogenic Roles of DICER1 RNase IIIb Domain Mutations in Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumors (2015)

DICER1, an endoribonuclease required for microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, is essential for embryogenesis and the development of many organs including ovaries. We have recently identified somatic hotspot mutations in RNase IIIb domain of DICER1 in half of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, a rare class of sex-cord stromal cell tumors in young women. These hotspot mutations lost IIIb cleavage activity of DICER1 in vitro and failed to produce 5p-derived miRNAs in mouse Dicer1-null ES cells. However, the oncogenic potential of these hotspot DICER1 mutations has not been studied. Here, we further revealed that the global expression of 5p-derived miRNAs was dramatically reduced in ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors carrying DICER1 hotspot mutations compared with those without DICER1 hotspot mutation. The miRNA production defect was associated with the deregulation of genes controlling cell proliferation and the cell fate. Using an immortalized human granulosa cell line, SVOG3e, we determined that the D1709N-DICER1 hotspot mutation failed to produce 5p-derived miRNAs, deregulated the expression of several genes that control gonadal differentiation and cell proliferation, and promoted cell growth. Re-expression of let-7 significantly inhibited the growth of D1709N-DICER1 SVOG3e cells, accompanied by the suppression of key regulators of cell cycle control and ovarian gonad differentiation. Taken together, our data revealed that DICER1 hotspot mutations cause systemic loss of 5p-miRNAs that can both drive pseudodifferentiation of testicular elements and cause oncogenic transformation in the ovary.
Microencapsulation of bacterial strains in graphene oxide nano-sheets using vortex fluidics (2015)

Microencapsulation of bacterial cells with different shapes in graphene oxide (GO) layers is effective using a vortex fluidic device, with the bacterial cells showing restricted cellular growth with their biological activity sustained.
Influence of blanching and guar gum pretreatments on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of cabinet-dried white bitter gourd Momordica charantia L. (2022)

Currently, the global food industry is experiencing a shift in consumer preference towards natural sources of antioxidants derived from edible fruits and vegetables. In view of this, white skinned bitter gourd with bioactive properties has great potential. Additionally, guar gum has the characteristic ability to form strong hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thereby reducing shrinkage during dehydration. Thus, the present investigation was carried out to study the influence of blanching and guar gum pretreatment on the retention of the total phenolic content (TPC) stability and antioxidant activity (AA) of white Momordica charantia L. when cabinet dried at 60±5 °C. The results are indicative of a significant (P values of &lt; 0.05) impact of using guar gum along with blanching before dehydration of white Momordica charantia. The findings obtained clearly show the positive impact of guar gum on the stability and retention of TPC (Folin Ciocalteau) and AA (percentage of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH scavenging activity) in the dried product in comparison to the untreated control. Water Blanching + 1% Guar gum (T5) and 2%Salt Blanching + 0.2% Potassium meta bisulphite + 1%Sodium carbonate + 1% Guar gum (T16) showed higher AA [20.29% (T5) and 40.13% (T16)] and TPC [30.8 (T5) and 39.5 (T16) GAE per 100 g of dried weight (DW)]. Therefore, the application of guar gum as a pretreatment with blanching turns out to be beneficial for higher retention of TPC and AA, thereby maintaining product quality as a whole.
Substituted Ethylene Dications (1989)

Cryoscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the species formed from β-nitrostyrenes in trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) are O, O-diprotonated dications (N, N-dihydroxyiminium benzyl dications). Further studies demonstrated that nitroethylene in TFSA yielded the N, N-dihydroxyiminium methylium dication, which is stabilized probably by Y-delocalization, consisting of six delocalized electrons (two π-electrons of the olefinic bond and four electrons of lone pairs of two hydroxy groups) in the whole system. From an alternative point of view, these dipositive systems can be regarded as substituted ethylene dications. The intervention of related substituted ethylene dications is proposed in the reaction of diphenylmethyl cations bearing a ketone or an ester group which gives the fluorenes and phenylphenanthrol in TFSA. Direct observations of 1, 1-diaryl-2-hydroxy-2-methoxyethylene dications and 1, 1, 2-triaryl-2-hydroxyethylene dications by means of NMR spectroscopy supported the postulation.
IL-37 expression reduces acute and chronic neuroinflammation and rescues cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model (2022)

The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-37 (IL-37) belongs to the IL-1 family but is not expressed in mice. We used a human IL-37 (hIL-37tg) expressing mouse, which has been subjected to various models of local and systemic inflammation as well as immunological challenges. Previous studies reveal an immunomodulatory role of IL-37, which can be characterized as an important suppressor of innate immunity. Here, we examined the functions of IL-37 in the central nervous system and explored the effects of IL-37 on neuronal architecture and function, microglial phenotype, cytokine production and behavior after inflammatory challenge by intraperitoneal LPS-injection. In wild-type mice, decreased spine density, activated microglial phenotype and impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) were observed after LPS injection, whereas hIL-37tg mice showed no impairment. In addition, we crossed the hIL-37tg mouse with an animal model of Alzheimer's disease (APP/PS1) to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-37 under chronic neuroinflammatory conditions. Our results show that expression of IL-37 is able to limit inflammation in the brain after acute inflammatory events and prevent loss of cognitive abilities in a mouse model of AD.