gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High power AlGaN/GaN heterojunction FETs for base station applications (2004)

This work describes high power AlGaN/GaN heterojunction FETs on SiC substrates which we have developed. To our knowledge, Psat values of 203 W and 4 W are the highest ever achieved at 2 GHz and 30 GHz, respectively, for GaN FETs. We believe that GaN FET technology will play a dominant role in future base station systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirohydantoins of Glucofuranose: Analogues of Hydantocidin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Delivery of Genes In Vivo Using Pulsed Electric Fields (2003)

The first research that focused on the effects of pulsed electric fields on living cells described the phenomena of reversible and irreversible membrane breakdown in an in vitro environment in the 1960s and 1970s (1-6). This early research led to the current understanding that exposing cells to intense electric fields induces a transmembrane potential that is superposed on the resting potential. Induced potentials of sufficient magnitude cause a dielectric breakdown of the membrane. This physical phenomenon was termed electroporation, or electropermeabilization, because it was observed that molecules that do not normally pass through the membrane gain intracellular access after the cells were treated with electric fields.
Asymptotic analysis of the multiuser MMSE receiver for the downlink of a MC-CDMA system (2004)

This paper considers multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) communication systems. Recently, the asymptotic performance of a multiuser MMSE receiver for a MC-CDMA system has been established, assuming orthogonal spreading codes and equal powers. A similar study has also been conducted for a DS-CDMA system, considering in this case unequal powers. The introduction of orthogonal codes can be considered as a breakthrough for the asymptotic analysis of such systems, and requires an intensive use of the free probability theory. Based on these results, we investigate in this paper the asymptotic performance of the multiuser MMSE receiver for a MC-CDMA downlink transmission, with orthogonal codes. The asymptotic value of the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is derived, as a function of the channel loading, the noise power and the power distribution /spl mu//sub power/(p). Simulations show that the asymptotic SINR is applicable to realistic systems.
Hepatic precursors derived from murine embryonic stem cells contribute to regeneration of injured liver (2006)

We established an efficient system for differentiation, expansion and isolation of hepatic progenitor cells from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and evaluated their capacity to repopulate injured liver. Using mouse ES cells transfected with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene regulated by albumin (ALB) enhancer/promoter, we found that a serum-free chemically defined medium supports formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) and differentiation of hepatic lineage cells in the absence of exogenous growth factors or feeder cell layers. The first GFP+ cells expressing ALB were detected in close proximity to "beating" myocytes after 7 days of EB cultures. GFP+ cells increased in number, acquired hepatocyte-like morphology and hepatocyte-specific markers (i.e., ALB, AAT, TO, and G6P), and by 28 days represented more than 30% of cells isolated from EB outgrowths. The FACS-purified GFP+ cells developed into functional hepatocytes without evidence of cell fusion and participated in the repairing of diseased liver when transplanted into MUP-uPA/SCID mice. The ES cell-derived hepatocytes were responsive to normal growth regulation and proliferated at the same rate as the host hepatocytes after an additional growth stimulus from CCl(4)-induced liver injury. The transplanted GFP+ cells also differentiated into biliary epithelial cells. In conclusion, a highly enriched population of committed hepatocyte precursors can be generated from ES cells in vitro for effective cell replacement therapy.
Analysis of Two-Dimensional Etching Effect on the Profiles of Fine Holographic Grating Made of Positive Photoresist AZ2400 (1978)

The present report describes an experimental investigation on diffraction efficiency of holographic gratings made of AZ2400 and the profile pattern of fine gratings (f=1000 lines/mm∼2000/lines/mm), together with the numerical analysis of development process taking into account the two-dimensional etching effect. The deviation from sinusoidal profile for increasing development time at higher spatial frequency range is observed by SEM. A tentative model to explain a preferential etching effect with the spatial pattern profile and the change in grating profile with increasing development time is presented. Thus the apparent spatial resolution of holographic grating made of photoresist can be attributed to the side etching effect during the development process.
Resolution of Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) Conflicts among Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Clients (2006)

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides a mechanism
for host configuration that includes dynamic assignment of IP
addresses and fully qualified domain names. To maintain accurate name-
to-IP-address and IP-address-to-name mappings in the DNS, these
dynamically assigned addresses and fully qualified domain names
(FQDNs) require updates to the DNS. This document identifies
situations in which conflicts in the use of fully qualified domain
names may arise among DHCP clients and servers, and it describes a
strategy for the use of the DHCID DNS resource record (RR) in
resolving those conflicts. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
The effect of erythrocyte membrane on the birefringence formation of sickle cell hemoglobin (1986)

The birefringence formation of sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) in a thin liquid layer was observed while its environment was deoxygenated at different rates, and the effect of membrane was examined. Under slow rate of deoxygenation at 37 degrees C, at pH 7.4, the birefringence of purified HbS appeared at a concentration higher than 24% and its relative magnitude increased as the concentration was increased. Similarly, the partial pressure of oxygen, at which the birefringence formation was evident, increased from 0 to 27 torr as the concentration of HbS was increased from 24 to 28%, but it remained the same above this protein concentration. In all the samples tested relative birefringence was largest at the slow rate of deoxygenation (30 torrO2/min) and the magnitude decreased as the rate of deoxygenation was increased. The samples showed different sensitivity to the rate of deoxygenation. For example, while the total untreated hemolysate made by freeze-thawing of packed sickle cells was most resistant to the increased rates of deoxygenation, purified HbS was not. Washed open ghosts partially restored the birefringence formation pattern of purified HbS. The results indicate that the inner surface of the membranes of erythrocytes could behave as a template for large HbS polymer formation at relatively higher rates of deoxygenation.
Illumina identification of RsrA, a conserved C2H2 transcription factor coordinating the NapA mediated oxidative stress signaling pathway in Aspergillus (2014)

RsrA, found in a highly syntenic region in Aspergillus genomes, coordinates a NapA mediated oxidative response in Aspergillus fungi.
Statistical Distribution of Through-Silicon via Cu Pumping (2017)

Cu pumping is defined as the irreversible extrusion of Cu from Cu-filled through-silicon vias (TSVs) exposed to high temperatures. The distribution of Cu pumping values over the TSVs of a single wafer has a large intrinsic spread. In previous publications both a lognormal distribution and a distribution of the maximum of two normal variables were used to fit experimental data. In this paper, these two types of statistical distribution are compared, showing that the maximum of two normal distributions provides a better fit, in particular at the right tail which is more significant for the potential reliability impact of Cu pumping. Also, it is shown how Cu pumping is determined by the network of random high angle grain boundaries in the Cu region near the TSV top, as an extension of a previous analysis which occurred at the TSV top surface only. This relation between Cu pumping and Cu microstructure provides a physical interpretation of the maximum of two normal distributions, based on the deformation mechanisms underlying Cu pumping.
Patients, Here Comes More Nanotechnology (2016)

We describe the current difference in reporting the performance of nanotechnology diagnostic devices between technologists and clinicians. This perspective specifies the "metrics" used to evaluate these devices and describes strategies to bridge the gap between these two communities in order to accelerate the translation from academic bench to the clinic. We use two recently published ACS Nano articles to highlight the evaluation of silicon nanowire and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-breath diagnostic tests for patients afflicted with cancer and asthma. These studies represent some of the earliest studies of emerging nanotechnology devices utilizing clinical parameters to assess performance.
ChemInform Abstract: A SINGLE STEP SYNTHESIS OF A CONVENIENT NIOBIUM(III) STARTING MATERIAL‐ BIS(DIMETHYLPHENYLPHOSPHINE)NIOBIUM(III) TRICHLORIDE (1978)

Abstract Die Reduktion von Nb‐penta‐ Chlorid mit überschüssigem Mg in Methylenchlorid bei Raumtemp. in Gegenwart der dreifachen molaren Phosphinmenge führt zu einem luft‐ und sauerstoffempfindlichen Produkt (Ausb. 87%).
Measurement of Bc(2S)+ and Bc*(2S)+ cross section ratios in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV (2020)

c 2S to B c 2S production cross sections are measured in proton-proton collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 13 TeV, using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 143 fb -1 . The three measurements are made in the B c meson phase space region defined by the transverse momentum p T > 15 GeV and absolute rapidity jyj < 2.4, with the excited
Local Differential Privacy for Person-to-Person Interactions (2022)

Currently, many global organizations collect personal data for marketing, recommendation system improvement, and other purposes. Some organizations collect personal data securely based on a technique known as <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\epsilon$</tex-math></inline-formula> -local differential privacy (LDP). Under LDP, a privacy budget is allocated to each user in advance. Each time the user's data are collected, the user's privacy budget is consumed, and their privacy is protected by ensuring that the remaining privacy budget is greater than or equal to zero. Existing research and organizations assume that each individual's data are completely unrelated to other individuals' data. However, this assumption does not hold in a situation where interaction data between users are collected from them. In this case, each user's privacy is not sufficiently protected because the privacy budget is actually overspent. In this study, the issue of local differential privacy for person-to-person interactions is clarified. We propose a mechanism that satisfies LDP in a person-to-person interaction scenario. Mathematical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed mechanism can maintain high data utility while ensuring LDP compared to existing methods.
Compact roll-pitch-yaw gyroscope implemented in wafer-level Epitaxial Silicon Encapsulation process (2017)

This paper presents for the first time the design and characterization of an ultra-compact 3-axis roll-pitch-yaw gyroscope which employs a single vibrational element with a torsional drive mode and a multi-directional sense modes. Implemented in wafer-level Epitaxial Silicon Encapsulation (Epi-Seal) process, device occupies an area of 1.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Initial characterization reported in this paper includes a scale factor, a noise level, and a cross-axis error measurement.
Measures of body size and growth in rhesus and squirrel monkeys subjected to long‐term dietary restriction (1995)

Although many studies have reported the robust effects of dietary restriction (DR) in retarding numerous aging processes in rodents, little is known about the outcomes of reducing caloric intake of a nutritious diet on aging in primates. Most primate studies have concerned the effects of malnutrition. We hypothesized that DR influences aging processes in primate species as it does in rodents. In the present study, 24 male rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkeys (ages 0.6-5 years) and 25 male squirrel (Saimiri sp.) monkeys (ages 0.3-10 years) were provided diets formulated differently for each species but both fortified with vitamins and minerals (40% above recommended levels) as controls (approximating ad libitum levels) or experimentals (about 30% below the level of diet provided controls of comparable age and body weight). The results reported here concern the hypothesis that DR imposed during various developmental stages in these two primate species would affect morphometric parameters obtained at different occasions during the first 5 years of the study. Groups of older monkeys (rhesus: 18-25 years, n = 3; squirrel: 10-15 years, n = 4) were also included as controls for comparative purposes. Among groups of rhesus monkeys begun on DR prior to 6 years of age, growth in body weight and crown-rump length was reduced about 10-20% beginning after 1 year on the diet, with estimated food intake being reduced about 30-35% over this period. Measures of skin-fold thickness and various body circumference measures were also reduced in experimental groups of rhesus monkeys. In contrast, the DR regimen involving a different diet produced little impact on comparable measures in squirrel monkeys, with the estimated food intake being reduced only about 20-25% over this period. However evidence of divergence in some morphometric parameters in squirrel monkeys was beginning to emerge in young groups (<5 years(after 3 yers on the diet. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Highly Efficient Side-Coupled Acousto-Optic Modulation of a Suspended Core Fiber Bragg Grating (2021)

We demonstrate acousto-optic modulation of a fiber Bragg grating in a birefringent suspended core fiber up to frequencies of 5.2 MHz for the first time. At acoustic resonances lower than 820 kHz, the reflectivity of the orthogonal polarization modes is electrically switched to a superposed reflection band with a maximum modulation depth of 51% at 10 V. The wavelength peak of the polarization modes is dynamically shifted by tuning the driven electrical signal from 1.92 to 5.2 MHz. A novel side-coupled based acousto-optic device is demonstrated, indicating new possibilities for ultracompact, fast and efficient all-fiber integrated devices.
Novel insights on H2S and COS removal for gas purification applications (2017)

Thème: Chemical Reaction Engeneering / Kinetics & Catalysis - ISBN Abastract BOOK: 978-84-697-8629-1
Photonic Crystal Devices in Silicon Photonics (2018)

In this paper, we review the history of 2-D photonic crystal slabs with a focus on point-defect cavities that can simultaneously realize ultrasmall modal volumes and ultrahigh quality factors. An important design concept to suppress radiation loss is introduced: the envelope of the cavity mode field should have no abrupt changes and should ideally follow a Gaussian function. Cubic-wavelength-order modal volumes, with experimental Q factors exceeding 11000000, are obtained by tailoring the envelope functions using heterostructure nanocavities. We also discuss light/photon manipulation techniques, which are enabled by the emergence of high-Q photonic crystal nanocavities, including ultracompact channel add/drop filters, ultralow-threshold silicon nanocavity Raman lasers, and strong coupling between distant nanocavities via the adiabatic transfer of photons.
A new pattern of lipomatosis of nerve: case report (2016)

Lipomatosis of nerve (LN) is a rare disorder of peripheral nerves that produces proliferation of interfascicular adipose tissue. It may be associated with soft-tissue and bony overgrowth within the affected nerve territory. LN has been almost exclusively reported in appendicular peripheral nerves; the median nerve at the wrist and palm is among the most common locations. The authors present a new pattern of LN that shows circumferential proliferation of fat around the epineurium of the nerve. They believe that this case and the two other documented examples in the literature (also affecting cervical and thoracic spinal nerves) share the same new pattern of LN. Defining the full spectrum of adipose lesions of the nerve and establishing a cause-effect relationship with nerve-territory overgrowth disorders may offer options for future management through targeted nerve lesioning.
Dextran verhindert die durch Mekonium hervorgerufenen morphologischen und biophysikalischen Veränderungen von exogenem Surfactant (2004)

Einleitung: Die Inaktivierung von pulmonalem Surfactant spielt eine entscheidene Rolle in der Pathophysiologie des Mekoniumaspirationssyndroms. Nichtionische Polymere (z.B. Dextran) können die Surfactantinhibition aufheben. Die Interaktionen zwischen Surfactant, Mekonium und Dextran sind bisher ungeklärt. Ultrastrukturell kann Surfactant mittels Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM) in biophysikalisch aktive lamellarkörperähnliche (LBL) und multilamelläre (MV) Formen sowie in inaktive unilamelläre Vesikel (UV) unterteilt werden. Diese Studie sollte die morphologischen Strukturen des modifizierten natürlichen Surfactants Curosurf(R) nach Inkubation mit Mekonium und/oder Dextran mittels TEM in Korrelation zur biophysikalischen Aktivität untersuchen.
Video Snapshots: Creating High-Quality Images from Video Clips (2012)

We describe a unified framework for generating a single high-quality still image ("snapshot") from a short video clip. Our system allows the user to specify the desired operations for creating the output image, such as super resolution, noise and blur reduction, and selection of best focus. It also provides a visual summary of activity in the video by incorporating saliency-based objectives in the snapshot formation process. We show examples on a number of different video clips to illustrate the utility and flexibility of our system.
The Roles of Social Networks and Communities in Open Education Programs (2009)

Open Education Programs provide a range of digitized educational resources freely to educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. In the current chapter the authors study how the educational experience for users and the effectiveness of these programs can be enhanced by incorporating new social networking technologies along with traditional virtual communities, such as bulletin boards and chat-rooms. An overview of open education programs is provided, discussing their common characteristics and participants’ motivations for joining and contributing to such programs. The authors also consider the roles played by collaboration processes in open education programs, examine how communities evolve on theses sites, their roles in making the programs sustainable, and what site organizers can do to enhance these processes. They conclude the chapter with a discussion of future trends and how social networking technologies will contribute to the next generation of open education programs. Throughout, their discussion is informed by our experiences and engagement with the Connexions project (www.cnx.org).
Thermal Expansion and Phase Transitions of Ammonium Nitrate (1967)

X線回折(粉末法)によって硝酸アンモニウムの各結晶相の安定領域および準安定領域における格子定数および熱膨張を測定した。各相の熱膨張の異方性は結晶構造における硝酸イオンの方位と強い関連性を示し,硝酸イオンの回転振動の寄与を考えると理解できる。各安定転移およびIV-II準安定転移は体積変化のとびを伴い1次転移である。一方V-II転移では格子定数(V相はII相の単位格子に対応する準単位格子を用いる)の不連続的変化は認められない。しかしc軸の熱膨張率は不連続的に変わることを明らかにしたので,比熱の測定結果も併せ考えるとV-II転移は2次転移である。実験結果にもとづき硝酸アンモニウムの相転移を水素結合の観点から考察した。
Cloning and characterization of the human corticotropin-releasing factor-2 receptor complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (1996)

Two CRF receptor subtypes (CRF1 and CRF2 receptors) with distinct brain localizations and pharmacological profiles have recently been cloned and characterized. For the CRF2 receptor subtype, at least 2 splice forms with different 5'-coding sequences (CRF2 alpha and CRF2 beta) have been identified in rat. In this article, we report the genomic structure and the corresponding complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence of the human CRF2 receptor. The gene coding for human CRF2 receptor consists of at least 12 exons and spans approximately 30 kilobases. The cDNA sequence in the protein-coding region is 94% identical to that of the reported rat CRF2 alpha receptor. At present, there is no evidence for the existence of a CRF2 beta receptor homolog in humans. The encoded receptor is 411 amino acids in length and is 70% identical to the human CRF1 receptor, with least sequence homology in the N-terminal extracellular domain (47% identical). Cells transfected with the full-length human CRF2 receptor cDNA responded to rat/human CRF and sauvagine by increasing the intracellular cAMP level, with EC50 values of approximately 20 and 1 nM, respectively. The CRF- and sauvagine-induced accumulation of intracellular cAMP could be competitively inhibited by the CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF. This pharmacological profile was comparable to that of the rat CRF2 alpha receptor. The relative abundance of the CRF2 receptor messenger RNA appears to be lower in humans than in rats for the tissues studied thus far.
Structural Characterization of Oligosaccharides Using Maldi-TOF/TOF Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2003)

Extensive cross-ring fragmentation ions, which are very informative of the linkages of the monosaccharide residues constituting these molecules, were readily observed in the MALDI-TOF/TOF/MS/MS spectra of oligosaccharides. These ions, in some cases, were more intense than the commonly observed Y and B ions. The A-type ions observed for the simple oligosaccharides allowed the distinction between alpha(1-4)- and alpha(1-6)-linked isobaric structures. The distinction was based not merely on the differences in the type of ions formed, but also on the ion intensities. For example, both alpha(1-4)- and alpha(1-6)-linked isobaric structures produce ions resulting from the loss of approximately 120 m/z units, but with different intensities, as a result of the fact that they correspond to two different ions (i.e., 0,4A- and 2,4A-ions), requiring different energies to be formed. Abundant A- and X-type ions were also observed for high-mannose N-glycans, allowing the determination of linkages. In addition, the high resolution furnished by MALDI-TOF/TOF allowed determination of certain ions that were commonly overlooked by MALDI-TOF or MALDI-magnetic sector instruments as a result of their lower resolution. Moreover, as a result of the fact that MS/MS spectra for parent ions and all fragment ions are acquired under the same experimental conditions, accurate determination of the molar ratios of isomeric glycans in a mixture analyzed simultaneously by MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem MS becomes possible.
Repeatability and Reproducibility of Retinal Neuronal and Axonal Measures on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Cognitive Impairment (2017)

Both GC-IPL and RNFL measurements had good intra-visit repeatability and inter-visit reproducibility over 1 year in elderly patients with no decline in cognitive function, suggesting that SD-OCT is a reliable tool to assess neurodegenerative process over time.