gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bacteriorhodopsin's L550 intermediate contains a C14-C15 s-trans-retinal chromophore. (1988)

Conformational changes of the retinal chromophore about the C14-C15 bond in bacteriorhodopsin (BR) have been proposed in models for the mechanism of light-driven proton transport. To determine the C14-C15 conformation in BR's L550 intermediate, we have examined the resonance Raman spectra of BR derivatives regenerated with retinal deuterated at the 14 and 15 positions. Vibrational calculations show that the C14-2H and C15-2H rocking modes form symmetric (A) and antisymmetric (B) combinations in [14,15-2H]retinal chromophores. When there is a trans conformation about the single bond between C14 and C15 (14-s-trans), a small frequency separation or splitting is observed between the A and B modes, which are found at approximately equal to 970 cm-1. In 14-s-cis molecules, the splitting is large, and the Raman-active symmetric A mode is predicted at approximately equal to 850 cm-1. In addition, the monodeuterium rock should appear at an unusually low frequency (920-930 cm-1) in the 14-2H-labeled 14-s-cis molecules. These patterns are insensitive to computational details: similar results are predicted by a modified Urey-Bradley force field and by MNDO (modified neglect of differential overlap) calculations for twisted chromophores and for highly delocalized protonated Schiff base cations. Time-resolved resonance Raman spectra were obtained of BR's L550 intermediate regenerated with [14-2H]-, [15-2H]- and [14,15-2H]retinal. The symmetric A rock in L550 is found at 968 cm-1, within 4 cm-1 of the frequencies for the monodeuterio derivatives, and no scattering is observed between 800 and 940 cm-1. The rocking frequencies of deuterated L550 are within 5 cm-1 of those observed in BR568, which contains a 14-s-trans chromophore. These results show that L550 contains a 14-s-trans chromophore and suggest that only 14-s-trans structures are involved in the proton pumping photocycle of BR.
Providing a bidirectional abstraction for unidirectional ad hoc networks (2003)

Several routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks work efficiently only in bidirectional networks. Unidirectional links may exist in a real network due to variations in transmission power of different nodes, noise or other signal propagation phenomena, and heterogeneity in the transmission hardware of nodes in the network. We introduce a sub-layer called sub routing layer, SRL, between the network and the MAC layer to provide a bidirectional abstraction of the unidirectional network to the routing protocols. We present a scalable and efficient way to provide this abstraction by finding and maintaining multi-hop reverse routes to each unidirectional link. We simulate SRL and a modified version of AODV (ad hoc on demand distance vector) that uses SRL to route packets in a unidirectional network. We observed that with SRL, the packet delivery of AODV in unidirectional networks increases substantially. Further our simulations indicate that reverse routes are often only a few hops long and hence the overhead of using SRL is very low.
Studies on peptides. CV. Synthesis of chicken neurotensin. (1981)

A tridecapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken neurotensin was synthesized by applying a new deprotecting procedure with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-thioanisole in combination with a new arginine derivative, Arg (mesitylene-2-sulfonyl). The synthetic avian neurotensin was found to be as active as synthetic bovine neurotensin in terms of contractile activity in isolated guinea-pig ileum and hypotensive effects in rats.
NPP-669, a Novel Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Therapeutic with Excellent Cellular Uptake, Antiviral Potency, Oral Bioavailability, Preclinical Efficacy, and a Promising Safety Margin (2022)

DNA viruses are responsible for many diseases in humans. Current treatments are often limited by toxicity, as in the case of cidofovir (CDV, Vistide), a compound used against cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus (AdV) infections. CDV is a polar molecule with poor bioavailability, and its overall clinical utility is limited by the high occurrence of acute nephrotoxicity. To circumvent these disadvantages, we designed nine CDV prodrug analogues. The prodrugs modulate the polarity of CDV with a long sulfonyl alkyl chain attached to one of the phosphono oxygens. We added capping groups to the end of the alkyl chain to minimize β-oxidation and focus the metabolism on the phosphoester hydrolysis, thereby tuning the rate of this reaction by altering the alkyl chain length. With these modifications, the prodrugs have excellent aqueous solubility, optimized metabolic stability, increased cellular permeability, and rapid intracellular conversion to the pharmacologically active diphosphate form (CDV-PP). The prodrugs exhibited significantly enhanced antiviral potency against a wide range of DNA viruses in infected human foreskin fibroblasts. Single-dose intravenous and oral pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the compounds maintained plasma and target tissue levels of CDV well above the EC<sub>50</sub> for 24 h. These experiments identified a novel lead candidate, NPP-669. NPP-669 demonstrated efficacy against CMV infections in mice and AdV infections in hamsters following oral (p.o.) dosing at a dose of 1 mg/kg BID and 0.1 mg/kg QD, respectively. We further showed that NPP-669 at 30 mg/kg QD did not exhibit histological signs of toxicity in mice or hamsters. These data suggest that NPP-669 is a promising lead candidate for a broad-spectrum antiviral compound.
Active compensation of supply noise for a 5-GHz VCO in 45-nm CMOS SOI technology (2008)

This paper describes an active compensation circuit to reduce supply induced jitter for a 5-GHz VCO in 45-nm CMOS SOI technology. The VCO generates multiple-phases which are digitally-programmable and uses feed-forward inverting stages for faster operation. A comparison of variations in oscillation frequency of VCO due to supply noise, with and without active compensation across different process corners shows that the proposed circuit significantly reduces jitter.
Supplementary Data from Src Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Adhesion and Chemotaxis in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (2023)

Supplementary Data from Src Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Adhesion and Chemotaxis in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
Optimum pole configuration of AC induction motors used on adjustable frequency power supplies (2002)

For a "fixed frequency" (line powered) AC induction motor, a simple relationship exists between the number of magnetic poles and the synchronous speed. Specific choices of pole number and the common line frequencies of 50 and 60 Hz result in discrete available speeds for these motors. When matching AC induction motors to variable speed applications using adjustable frequency power supplies, there is a temptation to assume that 50 or 60 Hz will be the "base frequency", and therefore the "base speeds" achievable are those provided by varying the number of motor poles. That assumption not only limits the choices of base speeds, but also results in suboptimal performance from the motor. This paper explains the physics of why the optimal choice of the number of motor poles is more a function of the motor torque (size), rather than the motor speed, when considering adjustable frequency applications. In fact, the exclusive use of a four pole configuration results in optimal performance for a significant range of ratings. The parameters which can be optimized via the correct choice of pole configuration include-torque density, speed range, efficiency, power factor, overload capability, and acoustic noise.
Grand challenges of computational science (panel session) (1990)

Article Free Access Share on Grand challenges of computational science (panel session) Authors: Gregory McRae Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon UniversityView Profile , David Dixon E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co.View Profile , Eric Lander MIT MITView Profile , Chairman: Larry Smarr NCSA NCSAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '90: ACM SIGGRAPH 90 Panel ProceedingsAugust 1990 Pages 101–127https://doi.org/10.1145/328750.328761Online:06 August 1990Publication History 1citation356DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads356Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Advanced Manufacturing for Electrosynthesis of Fuels and Chemicals from CO2 (2021)

The combination of CO2 electroreduction and advanced manufacturing (AM) can be used effectively for longer-term sequestration of CO2 out of environment, as well as store renewable energy as fuels, additives, and non-fossil derived chemicals. Advanced manufacturing represents a method to rapidly create novel electrochemical reactors, particularly custom vapor-fed reactors (VFRs) for increased CO2 consumption rates at higher current densities. Previous studies using gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) have shown promising activity and selectivity towards ethylene and ethylene in highly alkaline electrolytes (pH > 14), but high faradaic efficiency at high current densities has been difficult to achieve in neutral electrolytes.
TENNIS PARTNERS (2012)

*Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida †Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Palo Alto, California
Evaluation of CIN2/3 Lesion Regression in GynTect® DNA Methylation-Marker-Negative Patients in a Longitudinal Study (2023)

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2/3 has a high spontaneous regression rate, especially among women ≤29 years of age. To reduce overtreatment, reliable prognostic biomarkers would be helpful. The main aim of this study was to analyze the negative predictive value of the methylation marker panel GynTect<sup>®</sup> for lesion regression. In this prospective, multicenter, longitudinal observational proof-of-concept study, women aged ≤29 years with histologically confirmed CIN2 (n = 24) or CIN3 (n = 36) were closely monitored without treatment for up to 24 or 12 months, respectively. The outcome was either regression, persistence, or progression of the lesion. For each patient, a single baseline sample (V0) for cytology, hrHPV detection and methylation analysis was taken. In a primary analysis, the negative predictive value (NPV) of a GynTect<sup>®</sup>-negative test result at V0 for regression was determined. We tested the null hypothesis NPV ≤ 70% against the alternative hypothesis NPV ≥ 90%. Twelve of the eighteen GynTect<sup>®</sup>-negative CIN2 patients showed regression (NPV = 67%, 90% CI 44-85%, <i>p</i> = 0.53). Of the 27 GynTect<sup>®</sup>-negative CIN3 lesions, 15 regressed (NPV = 56%, 90% CI 38-72%, <i>p</i> = 0.92). Although the majority of GynTect<sup>®</sup>-negative lesions regressed, the postulated NPV of ≥90% was not observed. Thus, the clinical relevance for an implementation of the GynTect<sup>®</sup> assay for patients undergoing watchful waiting remains questionable. Further studies with longer observation periods should be undertaken.
Physical and textural properties of functional edible protein films from soybean using an innovative 3D printing technology (2022)

Increasing market demand for sustainable, environmentally friendly edible film materials has called for the development of new customizable production methods utilizing emerging technologies such as 3D printing. We hereby report a new method to generate functional edible soy protein isolate films prepared from three types of soybeans (AR-R11-7999, MO-S17-17168, and MO-S17-19874R) using an innovative 3D printing technology. The protein contents in AR-R11-7999, MO-S17-17168, and MO-S17-19874R soybean meals and their corresponding protein isolates were 40.0, 39.1, and 39.9; and 84.5, 84.7, and 87.3 % (w/w, dry basis), respectively. Response surface methodology was used to maximize the tensile and puncture strength and minimize the thickness of the 3D-printed edible films using protein concentration, plasticizer concentration (glycerol), and drying time as the independent variables. The optimized film production conditions were determined as soy protein concentration: 8.91%, plasticizer concentration: 3.00%, and drying time: 3.98 h with a desirability value of 0.7428. The optimized conditions were then successfully verified with the original soybean lot with a nonsignificant difference in physical properties. At the optimized conditions, the 3D-printed edible films using three soybean lots revealed: 0.108-0.114 mm thickness; 14.79-16.07 MPa tensile strength; 6.97-8.20 N puncture strength; 90.81-91.53, -1.89 to -1.31, and 14.85-17.25 were color parameters L*, a*, and b*, respectively; 1.22-1.36 g/cm<sup>3</sup> density; and 104.4-105.7% elongation at break ratio (%). PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Edible soy protein films produced by an extrusion-based 3D printing approach are highly customizable and precise, and could be produced at an industrial scale. This newly produced environment-friendly soy protein-based edible film can serve as an alternate packaging to synthetic plastics and reduce the environmental landfill problem while adding value to soybean produced in the mid-south United States.
ChemInform Abstract: 1999 Pure of Applied Inorganic Chemistry Award Lecture — Curves in Chemistry: Supramolecular Materials Taking Shape (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Write noise from optical heads with nonachromatic beam expansion prisms (1991)

The purposes for achromatizing the optics in an optical recording head are: (a) to reduce focal shifts of the spot at the disk and in the focus sensing system, and (b) to eliminate lateral shifts of the spot at the disk when the laser wavelength shifts. Reference 1 discusses the use of a very low dispersion glass in the fabrication of molded singlet lenses for use in optical data storage. This paper discusses an effect of a lateral shift of the focal spot that occurs, due to the dispersion in the beam expansion prism, when the laser mode hops.
Investigating Trust Factors in Human-Robot Shared Control: Implicit Gender Bias Around Robot Voice (2019)

This paper explores the impact of warnings, audio feedback, and gender on human-robot trust in the context of autonomous driving and specifically shared robot control. We use pre-existing methods for the estimation and assessment of human-robot trust where trust was found to vary as a function of the quality of behavior of an autonomous driving controller. We extend these models and empirical methods to examine the impact of audio cues on trust, specifically studying the impacts of gender-specific audio cues on the elicitation of trust. Our study compares agents with and without human-voiced indicators of uncertainty and evaluates differences in trust with inferred and introspective methods. We find that a person's trust in a robot can be influenced by verbal feedback from the robot agent. Specifically, people tend to lend more trust to agents whose voice is of the same gender as their own.
Efficacy of High Hydrostatic Pressure Treatment in Reducing Escherichia coli O157 and Listeria monocytogenes in Alfalfa Seeds (2004)

ABSTRACT: The application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) technology as a seed decontamination technique was evaluated. Alfalfa seeds inoculated with Escherichia coli O157 and Listeria monocytogenes were air‐dried and subjected to independent HHP treatments of 275 to 575 MPa for 2 min or at 475 MPa for 2 to 8 min (40°C). There were 1.4‐log and 2.0‐log reductions in E. coli O157 populations at 575 MPa (2 min) and 475 MPa (8 min), respectively. However, these treatments caused only 0.8‐log and 1.1‐log reductions in L. monocytogenes counts. Treated seeds took longer to germinate, achieving germination rate of up to 34%, whereas 95% of the control germinated. Results suggest that L. monocytogenes is more resistant to the bactericidal effects of HHP than E. coli O157. Although HHP treatments achieved a greater reduction in E. coli O157, it was at the expense of seed germination. Overall, our results indicate that although HHP treatments reduced the populations of E. coli O157 and L. monocytogenes in alfalfa seeds, they did not completely eliminate these microorganisms.
The electrical characteristics of polysilicon oxide grown in pure N/sub 2/O (1995)

N/sub 2/O was used to grow silicon polyoxide. It was found that the N/sub 2/O-grown polyoxide had a lower leakage current but a higher breakdown field when the top-electrode was positively biased. This is opposite to that of conventional O/sub 2/-grown polyoxide. Moreover, it had less electron trapping when stressed and a larger charge-to-breakdown. >
Water vapor, by near-ambient pressure XPS (2019)

Near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) is a less traditional form of XPS that allows samples to be analyzed at relatively high pressures, i.e., greater than 2500 Pa. With NAP-XPS, XPS can be used to probe moderately volatile liquids, biological samples, porous materials, and/or polymeric materials that outgas significantly. In this submission, we show survey and O 1s NAP-XPS spectra from water vapor, a material that could not be analyzed at moderate pressures by conventional approaches and that is expected to be present in many analyses.
Supplementary Figure 7 from A Human Breast Cell Model of Preinvasive to Invasive Transition (2023)

Supplementary Figure 7 from A Human Breast Cell Model of Preinvasive to Invasive Transition
A novel TxID insertion system for ATSC DTV auxiliary data transmission (2011)

This paper presents a new TxID (Transmitter Identification) data insertion system for ATSC DTV auxiliary data transmission. Because the functional description of TxID was not included in the early ATSC transmission standard, most of the conventional DTV transmitters and translators cannot transmit TxID signal which should be generated during 8-VSB (Vestigial Side Band) symbol generation process. The proposed system generates RF signal of TxID and then combines it synchronously with the RF signal of the legacy ATSC transmitter. This combination enables the conventional DTV transmitters and translators to transmit TxID signal with auxiliary data based on RF watermark technique. The proposed system is implemented and its performance is evaluated through laboratory tests.
Symptoms of Cutaneous Sensitivity Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment: Results from the Rizatriptan TAME Studies (2007)

The presence of cutaneous allodynia may predict response to triptans. Identical randomized double-blind studies were conducted comparing the efficacy of rizatriptan 10 mg or placebo administered within 1 h of headache onset, while pain was mild. The primary endpoint was freedom from pain at 2 h. Presence of symptoms suggesting cutaneous sensitivity (SCS) at baseline and at 2 h post-treatment was recorded. Before treatment, 29% of rizatriptan patients and 22% of placebo patients reported SCS. At 2 h, the percentage of patients with SCS was significantly decreased with rizatriptan. The presence of SCS pre-treatment was not predictive of response to rizatriptan. Most patients with SCS at 2 h were non-responders. Early treatment with rizatriptan significantly reduced the percentage of patients with SCS at 2 h. The presence of SCS at baseline did not predict pain-free response, but presence of SCS at 2 h correlated with lack of a 2-h pain-free response.
Cosensitized Electron‐Transfer Photooxygenation of Epoxides. A New Synthesis of Ozonides (1983)

Abstract 9,10‐Dicyanoanthracene (DCA) and biphenyl (BP) cosensitize the electron‐transfer photooxygenation of epoxides in oxygen‐saturated acetonitrile to form ozonides. These epoxides do not measurably quench the fluorescence of DCA and are, therefore, relatively unreactive under standard photooxygenation conditions with only DCA as sensitizer. However, a dramatic increase in the rate of reaction is observed upon the addition of BP as a non‐light‐absorbing cosensitizer. An investigation of the stereochemistry of the reaction with cis ‐ and trans ‐2,3‐diphenyloxiranes has shown that both epoxides are converted exclusively to the cis ‐ozonide. This striking stereochemical result is consistent with a proposed mechanism involving singlet oxygen addition to an intermediate carbonyl ylide.
Compton Scattering Sources and Applications at LLNL (2010)

We report the design and current status of a monoenergetic laser‐based Compton scattering 0.5–2.5 MeV γ‐ray source. Previous nuclear resonance fluorescence results and future linac and laser developments for the source are presented.
Beyond Langmuir: surface-bound macromolecule condensates (2020)

Macromolecule condensates, phase separation, and membraneless compartments have become an important area of cell biology research where new biophysical concepts are emerging. This article discusses the possibility that condensates assemble on multivalent surfaces such as DNA, microtubules, or lipid bilayers by multilayer adsorption. Langmuir isotherm theory conceptualized saturable surface binding and deeply influenced physical biochemistry. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory extended Langmuir's ideas to multilayer adsorption. A BET-inspired biochemical model predicts that surface-binding proteins with a tendency to self-associate will form multilayered condensates on binding surfaces. These "bound condensates" are expected to assemble well below the saturation concentration for liquid-liquid phase separation, so they can compete subunits away from phase-separated droplets and are thermodynamically pinned to the binding surface. Tau binding to microtubules is an interesting test case. The nonsaturable binding isotherm is reminiscent of BET predictions, but assembly of Tau-rich domains at low concentrations requires a different model. Surface-bound condensates may find multiple biological uses, particularly in situations where it is important that condensate assembly is spatially constrained, such as gene regulation.
Economic lessons from the market evolution of present US power markets (2001)

Insufficient information provided by the market to participants can cause volatile price swings. An ideal market is presented here. The importance of information from such a market is discussed from the participants&apos; view and the information needed by participants in the competitive environment is outlined. A comparison of such a market to existing markets within the USA is also outlined. The power markets in the USA are evolving based on state and federal government mandates and based on the committee decisions of all market participants. As economic forces empower changes for the participants, changes will be made.
Nuclear magnetic resonance study of xenon-131 interacting with surfaces: Effective Liouvillian and spectral analysis (2000)

Coherent and dissipative phenomena induced by transient adsorption of xenon-131 on a glass surface are studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report the results of multiple-quantum filtered experiments over a range of temperatures, covering different relaxation regimes. An analysis in terms of an effective Liouvillian is proposed, the complex eigenvalues of which may be directly extracted from the experimental spectra. For this purpose, we apply recently developed techniques for spectral analysis, in particular decimated signal diagonalization. The results are compared with a conventional fit of the multiple-quantum build-up behavior.
Coherent X-Ray Generation by Use of Mid-Infrared Light Pulses (2009)

Coherent soft x-ray radiation is generated by use of few-cycle mid-infrared (MIR) optical pulses around