gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting 3D Variational Autoencoders for Interactive Vehicle Design (2022)

Abstract In automotive digital development, 3D prototype creation is a team effort of designers and engineers, each contributing with ideas and technical evaluations through means of computer simulations. To support the team in the 3D design ideation and exploration task, we propose an interactive design system for assisted design explorations and faster performance estimations. We utilize the advantage of deep learning-based autoencoders to create a low-dimensional latent manifold of 3D designs, which is utilized within an interactive user interface to guide and strengthen the decision-making process.
Plasma Insulin Response Among Nauruans: Prediction of Deterioration in Glucose Tolerance Over 6 Yr (1987)

A longitudinal study of 266 randomly selected nondiabetic Nauruans [215 with normal tolerance and 51 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)] over 6 yr showed that deterioration in glucose tolerance status had occurred in 61 subjects. Of the subjects with initially normal tolerance, 34 (16%) progressed to IGT and 14 (6.5%) progressed to diabetes. Thirteen of the subjects with IGT (25%) progressed to diabetes. Subjects were examined in 1975 through 1976, and follow-up examinations were performed in 1982. After age, a high 2-h plasma insulin response to a glucose load was the factor most predictive of progression from normal tolerance to both diabetes (P less than .001) and IGT (P less than .01). Both a high 2-h glucose level and greater obesity independently predicted progression from IGT, and a diminished 2-h insulin response just failed to significantly improve the model (P less than .06). The negative parameter of the insulin response associated with deterioration from IGT differed significantly (P less than .01) from the positive-parameter estimate of the response associated with progression to diabetes from normal tolerance (P less than .01), implying a qualitative difference between these nondiabetic subgroups. The use of a glucose-insulin interaction term to predict progression to diabetes for all nondiabetic subjects confirmed this difference; this term's addition improved the model (P less than .01), and progression to diabetes was associated with a high insulin response for 2-h glucose less than 7.8 mM but a low response for 2-h glucose greater than 7.8 mM.
Enhanced Design of Multiplexed Coded Masks for Fresnel Incoherent Correlation Holography (2023)

Abstract Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) is a well-established incoherent digital holography technique. In FINCH, light from an object point splits into two, differently modulated using two diffractive lenses with different focal distances and interfered to form a self-interference hologram. The hologram numerically back propagates to reconstruct the image of the object at different depths. FINCH, in the inline configuration, requires at least three camera shots with different phase shifts between the two interfering beams followed by superposition to obtain a complex hologram that can be used to reconstruct an object’s image without the twin image and bias terms. In general, FINCH is implemented using an active device, such as a spatial light modulator, to display the diffractive lenses. The first version of FINCH used a phase mask generated by random multiplexing of two diffractive lenses, which resulted in high reconstruction noise. Therefore, a polarization multiplexing method was later developed to suppress the reconstruction noise at the expense of some power loss. In this study, a novel computational algorithm based on the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (GSA) called transport of amplitude into phase (TAP-GSA) was developed for FINCH to design multiplexed phase masks with high light throughput and low reconstruction noise. The simulation and optical experiments demonstrate a power efficiency improvement of ~ 150% and ~ 200% in the new method in comparison to random multiplexing and polarization multiplexing, respectively. The SNR of the proposed method is better than that of random multiplexing in all tested cases but lower than that of the polarization multiplexing method.
Identification of Nonminimum Phase MA Systems Using Cepstral Operations on Slices of (1992)

In this paper, recursive and least squares methods for reconstructing the impulse response of a nonminimum phase, linear, time-invariant (NMP-LTI) MA system from its (k + 1)st-order spec- trum (k > 1) are presented. The methods are nonparametric. They are based on computing the complex cepstrum of the impulse response sequence of the unknown system from the diagonal slice of the (k + 1)st-order spectrum. The computational complexity of the system identi- fication problem can be considerably reduced by using slices of higher order spectra.
Using AMI Data for Water Distribution Modeling (2021)

Key Takeaways One of the benefits of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is much more accurate modeling of customer demands. AMI data can capture both the temporal and spatial aspects of demands. AMI data in Walla Walla, Wash., provided useful insights on customer water use patterns.
Purification and Biochemical Characteristics of a 45 kDa Fibrinolytic Enzyme from a Halophile (2010)

혈전용해효소를 생산하는 Bacillus sp. J-19가 보편적인 한국의 조미제인 멸치젓갈에서 분리되었다. 그 혈전용해 효소는 에탄올 침전, Sephadex G-50을 이용한 젤 여과법 등을 포함하는 일련의 크로마토그래피 방법으로 순수분리 되었다. 조효소 추출액과 비교해서, 그 효소의 비활성은 1021배 증가하였고, 수율은 23%이었다. 순수분리한 효소의 분자량은 SDS-PAGE 상 약 45 kDa이었다. 특히, 합성기질인 serine protease (H-D-Ile-Pro-Arg-pNA,S-2288)에 대한 아미드활성은 약 17 U/mg이었다. 또한, 그 45 kDa 혈전용해효소의 60% 이상의 활성이 30%(w/v) sodium chloride 의 존재 하에서도 유지되었다. 이러한 발견들은 특이한 혈전용해효소를 제공해서, 실용적인 혈전용해제 개발을 유도할 수 있다. A fibrinolytic enzyme producing Bacillus sp. J-19 was isolated from the popular Korean seasoning, pickled anchovy. The fibrinolytic enzyme was purified to homogeneity by chromatographic methods including ethanol precipitation and gel-filtration using Sephadex G-50. Compared to the crude enzyme extract, the specific activity of the enzyme increased 1021-fold with a recovery of 23%. The purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 45 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Especially, the amidolytic activity in the presence of the synthetic substrate for serine protease (H-D-Ile-Pro-Arg-pNA, S-2288) represented approximately 17 U/mg. In addition, more than the 60% activity of the 45 kDa fibrinolytic activity was maintained in the presence of up to 30% (w/v) sodium chloride. These findings could provide a unique fibrinolytic enzyme, leading to a potential thrombolytic agent.
Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Characterization of a Phenylalanine Aminomutase Involved in Taxol Biosynthesis (2004)

Biosynthesis of the N-benzoyl phenylisoserinoyl side chain of the anticancer drug Taxol starts with the conversion of 2S-alpha-phenylalanine to 3R-beta-phenylalanine by phenylalanine aminomutase (PAM). A gene cloning approach was based on the assumption that PAM would resemble the well known plant enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase. A phenylalanine ammonia lyase-like sequence acquired from a Taxus cuspidata cDNA library was expressed functionally in Escherichia coli and confirmed as the target aminomutase that is virtually identical to the recombinant enzyme and clone from Taxus chinensis, acquired recently by a reverse genetics approach (Bristol-Myers Squibb (August 14, 2003) U. S. Patent WO 03/066871 A2). The full-length cDNA has an open reading frame of 2094 base pairs and encodes a protein of 698 residues with a calculated molecular mass of 76,530 Da. The recombinant mutase has a pH optimum of 8.5, a k(cat) value of 0.015 s(-1), and a K(m) of 45 +/- 8 microm for 2S-alpha-phenylalanine. The stereochemical mechanism of PAM involves the removal and interchange of the pro-3S hydrogen and the amino group, which rebonds at C-3 with retention of configuration. The recombinant enzyme appears to catalyze both the forward and reverse reactions with specificity for both 2S-alpha-phenylalanine and 3S- or 3R-beta-phenylalanine substrates, respectively, whereas the related phenylpropanoids 2S-aminocyclohexanepropanoic acid, 2R-alpha-phenylalanine, and 2S-alpha-tyrosine are not converted to their beta-isomers by the mutase.
Coupled plasmonic modes in organic planar microcavities (2012)

We report on the nature of the resonant modes in organic planar microcavities featuring semi-transparent metallic layers. We theoretically demonstrate that symmetric microcavities support a total of four modes originating from the coupling of surface plasmon polaritons. For red top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with one semi-transparent metallic electrode, we identify three coupled plasmonic modes and calculate a light outcoupling efficiency close to 34% when assuming emitters with isotropic transition dipole moment. This value is estimated to increase to 50% in the case the dipole moment is purely horizontal.
Fabrication of organic light-emitting devices by direct transfer of active organic materials using organic-organic adhesion (2004)

We demonstrate a patterning method for organic electronics based on direct transfer of active organic materials by stamping, and apply it to the fabrication of organic light-emitting devices.
Quantification of Adipocytes Development in a Micro-Fluidic Reactor, Using 2-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging (2010)

Intrinsic fluorescence based redox ratio calculations are used to assess the differentiation of adipocytes that are grown in an innovative micro-fluidic reactor and they are subject to a gradient of adipogenic hormone cocktail supply.
ALLOGENIC FETAL RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL CELL TRANSPLANT IN A PATIENT WITH GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY (1999)

Although it is surgically feasible to transplant fetal RPE to the subretinal space of patients with GA, such an allogenic RPE transplant without immunosuppression leads to leakage on fluorescein angiography and eventual fibrosis. A very weak immune response against proteins associated with photoreceptors is also of concern.
Methods for Sparse Signal Recovery Using Kalman Filtering With Embedded Pseudo-Measurement Norms and Quasi-Norms (2009)

We present two simple methods for recovering sparse signals from a series of noisy observations. The theory of compressed sensing (CS) requires solving a convex constrained minimization problem. We propose solving this optimization problem by two algorithms that rely on a Kalman filter (KF) endowed with a pseudo-measurement (PM) equation. Compared to a recently-introduced KF-CS method, which involves the implementation of an auxiliary CS optimization algorithm (e.g., the Dantzig selector), our method can be straightforwardly implemented in a stand-alone manner, as it is exclusively based on the well-known KF formulation. In our first algorithm, the PM equation constrains the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm of the estimated state. In this case, the augmented measurement equation becomes linear, so a regular KF can be used. In our second algorithm, we replace the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm by a quasi-norm <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">lp</i> , 0 ¿ p < 1. This modification considerably improves the accuracy of the resulting KF algorithm; however, these improved results require an extended KF (EKF) for properly computing the state statistics. A numerical study demonstrates the viability of the new methods.
Pulsed Electroreduction of CO[sub 2] on Cu-Ag Alloy Electrodes (2000)

Highly selective reduction of to , compounds such as , , and has been achieved on CuAg alloy electrodes by pulsed electroreduction. The faradaic efficiencies of compounds produced on CuAg alloy electrodes were varied with the atomic ratio of Cu to Ag. The total value of faradaic efficiencies for these compounds was 54.2% for the pulsed electroreduction on a CuAg alloy electrode (Cu/Ag = 28/72) with an anodic bias of and a cathodic bias of vs. Ag/AgCl. It was found that the formation of an oxide layer on Cu and the desorption of intermediates on Ag under anodic bias were key factors for the selective reduction of to compounds on CuAg alloy electrodes. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Within-tier cooling and thermal isolation technologies for heterogeneous 3D ICs (2013)

Thermal management in 3D ICs not only requires cooling, but may also require thermal isolation in scenarios in which high-power chips (e.g. logic chips) are stacked along with low-power and temperature-sensitive tiers (e.g. memory or silicon nanophotonic chips). A hybrid thermal solution combining within-tier microfluidic cooling for the high-power tier and within-tier thermal isolation for the low-power tier is proposed for the first time. In this paper, we report 1) within-tier microfluidic cooling in a processor-on-processor stack 2) TSVs with 23:1 aspect ratio integrated in the microfluidic heat sink, and 3) the integration of air/vacuum cavity in the low-power tier to `protect' it from the temperature variation and nonuniformity of the high-power chip. Thermal modeling shows that the low-power tier temperature only increases by 4 °C when the power density of the processor tier increases from 50 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 100 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , compared to 22 °C temperature increase without thermal isolation.
Traffic safety applications requirements (2010)

This document describes a number of communication performance
requirements that are imposed by traffic safety applications on a
network layer. These traffic safety applications and requirements have
been derived during the VSC (Vehicular Safety Communications) and
VSC-A (VSC-Applications) projects. The goal of this document is to
stimulate the discussion on judging whether these performance
requirements could or could not be supported (currently and in the
future) by IP based network solutions.
Supplemental Figure legends from Expression of CD14, IL10, and Tolerogenic Signature in Dendritic Cells Inversely Correlate with Clinical and Immunologic Response to TARP Vaccination in Prostate Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends of supplemental figure 1, 2, 3&lt;/p&gt;
SN2″-Selective and Enantioselective Substitution with Unsaturated Organoboron Compounds and Catalyzed by a Sulfonate-Containing NHC-Cu Complex (2018)

The first broadly applicable strategy for SN2″-selective and enantioselective catalytic substitution is disclosed. Transformations are promoted by 5.0 mol% of a sulfonate-containing NHC-Cu complex (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene), and are carried out in the presence of commercially available allenyl-B(pin) (pin = pinacolato) or a readily accessible silyl-protected propargyl-B(pin). Acyclic, or aryl-, heteroaryl-, and alkyl-substituted penta-2,4-dienyl phosphates, as well as those bearing either only 1,2-disubstituted olefins or a 1,2-disubstituted and a trisubstituted alkene were found to be suitable starting materials. Cyclic dienyl phosphates may also serve as substrates. The products containing, in addition to a 1,3-dienyl group, a readily functionalizable propargyl moiety (from reactions with allenyl-B(pin)) were obtained in 51–82% yield, 84–97% SN2″ selectivity, 89:11–97:3 E:Z ratio, and 86:14–98:2 enantiomeric ratio (er). Reactions with a silyl-protected propargyl-B(pin) compound led to the formation of the corresponding silyl-allenyl products in 53–89% yield, 69–96% SN2″ selectivity, 98:2 to >98:2 E:Z ratio, and 94:6–98:2 er. Insight regarding several of the unique mechanistic attributes of the catalytic process was obtained on the basis of kinetic isotope effect measurements and DFT studies. These investigations indicate that cationic π-allyl-Cu complexes are likely intermediates, clarifying the role of the s-cis and s-trans conformers of the intermediate organocopper species and their impact on E:Z selectivity and enantioselectivity. The utility of the approach is demonstrated by chemoselective functionalization of various product types, through which the propargyl, allenyl, or 1,3-dienyl sites within the products have been converted catalytically and chemoselectively to several useful derivatives.
High catalytic activity and pollutants resistivity using Fe-AAPyr cathode catalyst for microbial fuel cell application (2015)

For the first time, a new generation of innovative non-platinum group metal catalysts based on iron and aminoantipyrine as precursor (Fe-AAPyr) has been utilized in a membraneless single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) running on wastewater. Fe-AAPyr was used as an oxygen reduction catalyst in a passive gas-diffusion cathode and implemented in SCMFC design. This catalyst demonstrated better performance than platinum (Pt) during screening in "clean" conditions (PBS), and no degradation in performance during the operation in wastewater. The maximum power density generated by the SCMFC with Fe-AAPyr was 167 ± 6 μW cm(-2) and remained stable over 16 days, while SCMFC with Pt decreased to 113 ± 4 μW cm(-2) by day 13, achieving similar values of an activated carbon based cathode. The presence of S(2-) and showed insignificant decrease of ORR activity for the Fe-AAPyr. The reported results clearly demonstrate that Fe-AAPyr can be utilized in MFCs under the harsh conditions of wastewater.
Construction and Analysis of a DNA Microarray for the Screening of Biosynthetic Genes of Secondary-Metabolites formation in Streptomyces (2005)

Streptomyces produces many kinds of secondary-metabolites including antibiotics. Screening of a new compound and elucidation of a biosynthetic pathway for the secondary metabolites are very important fields of biology, however, there is a main problem that most of the identified compounds are already researched compounds. To solve these problems, a microarray system that is based on the data related to the biosynthetic genes for secondary-metabolites was designed. For the main contents of DNA microarray, the important genes for the bio-synthesis of aminoglycosides, polyenes group, enediyne group, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, glycopeptide group, and orthosomycin group were chosen. A DNA microarray with 69 genes that were involved in the bio-synthesis for the antibiotics mentioned above was prepared. The usability of the DNA microarray was confirmed with the chromosomal DNA and total RNA extracted from S. coelicolor whose genomic sequence had already been reported.
Radical α–alkylation of ketones with unactivated alkenes under catalytic and sustainable industrial conditions (2021)

The industrially–viable aerobic α–alkylation of cyclic and acyclic ketones with allyl and alkyl alkenes in the presence of catalytic amounts of Mn2+, under homo– and heterogeneous conditions, is achieved here. The substitution of organic peroxides by Mn2+ either as a simple soluble salt or supported in zeolites, in air, generates in–situ peracid radicals and circumvents the aggressiveness of current industrial protocols, to pave the way for the design of sustainable aerobic catalytic systems. Combined reactivity and mechanistic studies show that large cyclic ketones stabilize a radical in the α–position due to a higher polarizability, steric hindrance and no proximity effects. As a proof of concept, the gram–scale synthesis of the industrial fragrance exaltolide is carried out with the Mn2+ catalysts in air, which clearly improves any other previously reported method not only in safety and environmental terms but also in number of synthetic steps and overall yield.
Stability of synchronous slowly oscillating periodic solutions for\n systems of delay differential equations with coupled nonlinearity (2018)

We study stability of so-called synchronous slowly oscillating periodic\nsolutions (SOPSs) for a system of identical delay differential equations (DDEs)\nwith linear decay and nonlinear delayed negative feedback that are coupled\nthrough their nonlinear term. Under a row sum condition on the coupling matrix,\nexistence of a unique SOPS for the corresponding scalar DDE implies existence\nof a unique synchronous SOPS for the coupled DDEs. However, stability of the\nSOPS for the scalar DDE does not generally imply stability of the synchronous\nSOPS for the coupled DDEs. We obtain an explicit formula, depending only on the\nspectrum of the coupling matrix, the strength of the linear decay and the\nvalues of the nonlinear negative feedback function near plus/minus infinity,\nthat determines the stability of the synchronous SOPS in the asymptotic regime\nwhere the nonlinear term is heavily weighted. We also treat the special cases\nof so-called weakly coupled systems, near uniformly coupled systems, and doubly\nnonnegative coupled systems, in the aforementioned asymptotic regime. Our\napproach is to estimate the characteristic (Floquet) multipliers for the\nsynchronous SOPS. We first reduce the analysis of the multidimensional\nvariational equation to the analysis of a family of scalar variational-type\nequations, and then establish limits for an associated family of monodromy-type\noperators. We illustrate our results with examples of systems of DDEs with\nmean-field coupling and systems of DDEs arranged in a ring.\n
Human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the osteogenic or adipogenic lineage is regulated by AMP‐activated protein kinase (2011)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy-sensing kinase that has recently been shown to regulate the differentiation of preadipocytes and osteoblasts. However, the role of AMPK in stem cell differentiation is largely unknown. Using in vitro culture models, the present study demonstrates that AMPK is a critical regulatory factor for osteogenic differentiation. We observed that expression and phosphorylation of AMPK were increased during osteogenesis in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC). To elucidate the role of AMPK in osteogenic differentiation, we investigated the effect of AMPK inhibition or knockdown on mineralization of hAMSC. Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, reduced mineralized matrix deposition and suppressed the expression of osteoblast-specific genes, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OCN). Knockdown of AMPK by shRNA-lentivirus infection also reduced osteogenesis. In addition, inhibition or knockdown of AMPK during osteogenesis inhibited ERK phosphorylation, which is required for osteogenesis. Interestingly, inhibition of AMPK induced adipogenic differentiation of hAMSC, even in osteogenic induction medium (OIM). These results provide a potential mechanism involving AMPK activation in osteogenic differentiation of hAMSC and suggest that commitment of hAMSC to osteogenic or adipogenic lineage is governed by activation or inhibition of AMPK, respectively.