gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SWIRP (Submm-Wave and Long Wave InfraRed Polarimeter); Development and Characterization of a Sub-Mm Polarimeter for Ice Cloud Investigations (2020)

A major source of uncertainty in climate models is the presence, shape and distribution of ice particles in the uppermost layers of the clouds. The effects of this component are poorly constrained, turning ice particles into an almost-free variable in many climate models.NASA-GSFC is developing a new instrument aimed at measuring the size and shape of ice particles. The instrument consists of two sub-mm polarimeters (at 220 and 670 GHz) coupled with a long-wave infrared polarimeter at 10 micron. Each polarimeter has identical V-pol and H-pol channels; the axes of polarization are defined geometrically by the orientation of the waveguide elements, and the purity has been measured in the lab. The instrument is configured as a conical scanner, suitable for deployment as a payload on a small satellite or on a high-altitude sub-orbital platform. From a 400 km orbit, the instrument has a 3dB spatial resolution of 20 (10) km at 220 (670) GHz and a swath of 600 km over 180 degrees of view.The BAPTA (Bearing And Power Transfer Assembly) carries heritage from the SSMIS design, now in its 22nd year of on-orbit operation, but with a much reduced SWaP (Size Weight and Power) footprint, suitable for a small satellite.The main components of the instrument have been fabricated and are undergoing final testing prior to their integration as a single unit. The sub-mm channels have dedicated secondary reflectors which illuminate a shared primary reflector. The receiving units are placed behind the focal point of the optical arrangement, so that all beams equally illuminate the primary reflector and are almost co-located on the ground (within a single 220 GHz footprint). Primary and secondary beam patterns have been measured and verified to match the as-designed expectations. A Zytex (TM) window is deployed to protect the secondary reflectors and the feed horns from debris and other contaminants, and to reduce the heat load from the active (hot) IR calibration unit. The insertion loss of Zytex has been measured and is accounted in the calibration equation of the sub-mm channels.The radiometric performance of the sub-mm receivers has been characterized in the lab and under operational conditions of temperature and pressure.This paper discusses the design constraints on the sub-mm components, details of the scientific goals and their flowdown, and describes the characterization of the polarimeters. Options to optimize the layout and distribution of the masses within the assembly, with the goal of making the instrument even more compact and fully-compatible with cubesat-class satellites will be presented.
Novel MDR-reversing inhibitors of MRP subtypes related to antiretroviral drug resistance and CD4 cell counts (2014)

Transmembrane efflux pumps play an increasing role in the success of ART. The occurrence of increasing mRNA levels of the efflux pump proteins P-gp and MRP subtypes has been associated with ART therapeutics like PIs and NNRTIs. Moreover, a relation has been suggested of MRP subtypes and CD4 cell counts. So there is a challenge to find selective MRP inhibitors which may reduce MRP-induced drug resistances as well as discussed effects on CD4 cells. We developed novel nonpeptidic inhibitors of important MRP subtypes related to both MRP-mediated resistances as well as reduced cell counts.
Distribution of Trapped Electrons at Interface States in ACTFEL Devices (1992)

The distribution of trapped electrons at interface states in alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices is assessed using a new field-stimulated charge measurement technique in which the polarization charge transient is measured experimentally and curve fit using a model for the dynamic emission of electrons from interface states. The trapped electron distribution is relatively small at low energy but rises abruptly at approximately 0.6-0.8 eV below the conduction band minimum for an ACTFEL device with SiON insulators.... ACTFEL, Electroluminescence, Interface states, Electrical characterization, ZnS:Mn.
Supplementary Methods from Transcriptomic Profiling of Sequential Tumors from Breast Cancer Patients Provides a Global View of Metastatic Expression Changes Following Endocrine Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
A Triazolyl‐Pyridine‐Supported CuI Dimer: Tunable Luminescence and Fabrication of Composite Fibers (2015)

The dinuclear complex [Cu<sub>2</sub> I<sub>2</sub> (L1)<sub>2</sub> ] (1) (L1=3-((4-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)benzonitrile) is characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), powder XRD, IR, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Unlike other related, known copper iodide complexes, it exhibits strong yellow emission in the solid state at both room temperature and 77 K. Showing good compatibility with PMMA, it is blended with the polymer in different weight ratios to prepare luminescent composite fibers.
Fast Search Method For Large Video Database Using Histogram Features And Temporal Division (2010)

In this paper, we propose an improved fast search algorithm using combined histogram features and temporal division method for short MPEG video clips from large video database. There are two types of histogram features used to generate more robust features. The first one is based on the adjacent pixel intensity difference quantization (APIDQ) algorithm, which had been reliably applied to human face recognition previously. An APIDQ histogram is utilized as the feature vector of the frame image. Another one is ordinal feature which is robust to color distortion. Combined with active search [4], a temporal pruning algorithm, fast and robust video search can be realized. The proposed search algorithm has been evaluated by 6 hours of video to search for given 200 MPEG video clips which each length is 30 seconds. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can detect the similar video clip in merely 120ms, and Equal Error Rate (ERR) of 1% is achieved, which is more accurately and robust than conventional fast video search algorithm.
Ion Thruster Plasma Generators (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Idealized Ion Thruster Plasma Generator DC Discharge Ion Thruster Kaufman Ion Thrusters rf Ion Thrusters Microwave Ion Thrusters 2-D Computer Models of the Ion Thruster Discharge Chamber References Problems
Damp Heat, Temperature Cycling and UV Stress Testing of Encapsulated Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells (2018)

Despite concerns about environmental and mechanical stability, perovskite solar cells (PSC) were made stable with careful solar cell design and encapsulation. Replacing methylammonium cations with a mixture of cesium and formamidinium and using an ITO protective contact enabled 140°C encapsulation and enhanced moisture stability. Vacuum laminating mechanically fragile PSCs using glass and a low elastic modulus encapsulant with a butyl rubber edge seal around the perimeter enabled them to pass the IEC 61215 200 temperature cycling and the 1000-hour damp heat test at 85°C85% relative humidity. Removing TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> from the PSC stacks also resulted in the encapsulated PSCs passing the UV exposure test.
Preparation and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials Via Sol-Gel Reaction for Interlayer Dielectrics (2000)

Abstract Polyimides containing hydroxyl group, so-called poly(hydroxy-imide)s, were prepared by the thermal imidization in the presence of m-cresol. The poly(hydroxy-imide)s exhibited high resistance to thermal degradation, with 10% weight loss temperature starting at near 527°C in air. The organic/inorganic hybrid materials were prepared with TEOS by acid-catalyzed sol-gel reaction of sol-gel polyimide precursors obtained from the coupling reaction of the poly(hydroxy-imide) with 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate. All of the cured hybrid films spin-coated on ITO glass are transparent. The initial decomposition temperature was recorded at 356°C. The dielectric constant of a hybrid material film was 3.24 at the frequency of 10kHz. The hybrid materials retained the coefficient of thermal expansion up to 3 ppm/°C below Tg and 30 ppm/°C above Tg.
Computational Capacity of an Odorant Discriminator: the Linear Separability of Curves (2000)

We introduce and study an artificial neural network, inspired by the probabilistic Receptor Affinity Distribution model of olfaction. Our system consists on N sensory neurons whose outputs converge on a single processing linear threshold element. The system's aim is to model discrimination of a single target odorant from a large number p of background odorants, within a range of odorant concentrations. We show that this is possible provided p does not exceed a critical value p_c, and calculate the critical capacity α_c = p_c/N. The critical capacity depends on the range of concentrations in which the discrimination is to be accomplished. If the olfactory bulb may be thought of as a collection of such processing elements, each responsible for the discrimination of a single odorant, our study provides a quantitative analysis of the potential computational properties of the olfactory bulb. The mathematical formulation of the problem we consider is one of determining the capacity for linear separability of continuous curves, embedded in a large dimensional space. This is accomplished here by a numerical study, using a method that signals whether the discrimination task is realizable or not, together with a finite size scaling analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Strategies for the Synthesis of Neocarzinostatin Chromophore and Analogues: Intramolecular Delivery of Palladium Controls Construction of the Biologically Relevant Dienediyne Core. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigations of Anisotropic Flow Using Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlations in pp, p−Pb, Xe-Xe, and Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC (2019)

Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients (v_{n}) and their cross-correlations using two- and multiparticle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, p-Pb at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV, Xe-Xe at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.44 TeV, and Pb-Pb at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. The multiplicity dependence of v_{n} is studied in a very wide range from 20 to 3000 particles produced in the midrapidity region |η|<0.8 for the transverse momentum range 0.2<p_{T}<3.0 GeV/c. An ordering of the coefficients v_{2}>v_{3}>v_{4} is found in pp and p-Pb collisions, similar to that seen in large collision systems, while a weak v_{2} multiplicity dependence is observed relative to nucleus-nucleus collisions in the same multiplicity range. Using a novel subevent method, v_{2} measured with four-particle cumulants is found to be compatible with that from six-particle cumulants in pp and p-Pb collisions. The magnitude of the correlation between v_{n}^{2} and v_{m}^{2}, evaluated with the symmetric cumulants SC(m,n) is observed to be positive at all multiplicities for v_{2} and v_{4}, while for v_{2} and v_{3} it is negative and changes sign for multiplicities below 100, which may indicate a different v_{n} fluctuation pattern in this multiplicity range. The observed long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and p-Pb collisions can neither be described by pythia 8 nor by impact-parameter-Glasma, music, and ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model calculations, and hence, provide new insights into the understanding of collective effects in small collision systems.
Evaluating Brightness and Spectral Properties of Click Beetle and Firefly Luciferases Using Luciferin Analogues: Identification of Preferred Pairings of Luciferase and Substrate for In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging (2020)

We believe that the experimental results described here should provide valuable guidance to end users for choosing the correct luciferin/luciferase pairs for a variety of BLI applications.
Golmoo (2011)

As compatibillity between devices such as smartphones, tablets, PC and TV increases, users may choose the optimal device to watch various contents. Due to technologies such as HDMI mirroring, Wi-Fi Display and DLNA, users can extend their viewing experience to other devices. Mirroring a smartphone screen to a large TV screen and playing multi-play phone games on a TV are some examples.
Six First Metatarsal Shaft Osteotomies (2000)

Because malunion (usually with dorsal elevation of the first metatarsal) has been reported after the treatment of severe hallux valgus deformities by proximal osteotomies, the current study was designed to compare the sagittal stability of six different metatarsal shaft osteotomies: the proximal crescentic, proximal chevron, Mau, Scarf, Ludloff, and biplanar closing wedge osteotomies. A plate was used in the biplanar closing wedge osteotomy; all others used screws for fixation. Ten fresh-frozen, human anatomic lower extremity specimens were used for each osteotomy. Failure loads were measured as units of force (newtons) and converted to pressure (kilopascals). Then the F-Scan system, which uses a thin insole to measure plantar pressure, was used to evaluate the pressure under the first metatarsal of seven volunteers using four types of shoes. According to the results, in patients with normal bone stock who are compliant, any of the four shoe types tested may be used after a Ludloff, Scarf, biplanar wedge (plantar screw fixation), or Mau osteotomy, but the wedge-based shoe should be used after a proximal crescentic or chevron osteotomy or for patients with severe osteopenic bone.
Nitride passivation reduces interfacial traps in atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3/GaAs (001) metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors using atmospheric metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (2014)

Using an atmospheric metal-organic chemical vapor deposition system, we passivated GaAs with AlN prior to atomic layer deposition of Al2O3. This AlN passivation incorporated nitrogen at the Al2O3/GaAs interface, improving the capacitance-voltage (C–V) characteristics of the resultant metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs). The C–V curves of these devices showed a remarkable reduction in the frequency dispersion of the accumulation capacitance. Using the conductance method at various temperatures, we extracted the interfacial density of states (Dit). The Dit was reduced over the entire GaAs band gap. In particular, these devices exhibited Dit around the midgap of less than 4 × 1012 cm−2eV−1, showing that AlN passivation effectively reduced interfacial traps in the MOS structure.
Loop Heat Pipes for Space Mission Mars 96 (1996)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Present paper's purpose is to describe three Thermal Control Systems (TCSs) on base of Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) that were realized in frame of “Mars-96” program. The main problems that were solved during the TCSs elaboration and some terrestrial tests' results will be also presented here below.&lt;/div&gt;
South Asia - Lisa Lassell Hallstrom: Mother of bliss: Ānandamayī Mā (1896–1982). 299 pp. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. £32.50. (2000)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Third-Party Authentication for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2017)

This document defines an authentication mechanism for SIP, that is
based on the OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect Core 1.0 specifications, to
enable the delegation of the user authentication to a dedicated third-
party IdP entity that is separate from the SIP network elements that
provide the SIP service.
High-reflectivity Al-Pt nanostructured Ohmic contact to p-GaN (2006)

The effect of nanoscale Pt islands on the electrical characteristics of contacts to p-type gallium nitride (GaN) has been investigated to explore the feasibility for the flip-chip configuration light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using an Al-based reflector. An as-deposited Al contact to p-GaN with a net hole concentration of 3/spl times/10/sup 17/cm/sup -3/ was rectifying. However, an Al contact with nanoscale Pt islands at the interface exhibited ohmic behavior. A specific contact resistivity of 2.1/spl times/10/sup -3//spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/ and a reflectance of 84% at 460 nm were measured for the Al contact with nanoscale Pt islands. Current-voltage temperature measurements revealed a Schottky barrier height reduction from 0.80 eV for the Al contact to 0.58 eV for the Al contact with nanoscale Pt islands. The barrier height reduction may be attributed to electric field enhancement and the enhanced tunneling due to the presence of the nanoscale Pt islands. This will offer an additional silver-free option for the p-type ohmic contact in flip-chip configuration LEDs. Theory suggests that the ohmic contact characteristics may be improved further with smaller Pt islands that will enhance tunneling across the interface with the GaN and in the vicinity of the Pt-Al interface.
HYPER: an interactive synthesis environment for high performance real time applications (2003)

A synthesis system called HYPER is proposed for real-time applications. HYPER takes a flow graph description of an algorithm as the input and performs scheduling, resource allocation, optimizations, and transformations. A dedicated bit-sliced data path cluster is generated by the system and the layouts can be further generated through the LAGER IV system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Novel Control Architecture for Hybrid Power Plants to Provide Coordinated Frequency Reserves (2019)

The inertia reduction suffered by worldwide power grids, along with the upcoming necessity of providing frequency regulation with renewable sources, motivates the present work. This paper focuses on developing a control architecture aimed to perform frequency regulation with renewable hybrid power plants comprised of a wind farm, solar photovoltaic, and a battery storage system. The proposed control architecture considers the latest regulations and recommendations published by ENTSO-E when implementing the first two stages of frequency control, namely the fast frequency response and the frequency containment reserve. Additionally, special attention is paid to the coordination among sub-plants inside the hybrid plant and also between different plants in the grid. The system’s performance is tested after the sudden disconnection of a large generation unit (N-1 contingency rules). Thus, the outcome of this study is a control strategy that enables a hybrid power plant to provide frequency support in a system with reduced inertia, a large share of renewable energy, and power electronics-interfaced generation. Finally, it is worth mentioning that the model has been developed in discrete time, using relevant sampling times according to industrial practice.
S100A9 as a Pharmacological Target Molecule in Inflammation and Cancer (2015)

Upon tissue injury and infection both stressed and dying cells can release proteins that normally reside inside the cells. Some of the released proteins become ligands of various cell surface receptors expressed by local cells and such proteins are denoted as damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Binding of some DAMPs to certain cell surface receptors induces signals emanating in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ultimately leading to an inflammatory response. Our laboratory is interested in the S100A9 protein, a bona fide DAMP protein. This protein normally resides inside monocytes and neutrophils and in these cells it forms heterodimers with the S100A8 protein. The S100A8/A9 heterodimer is released in large amounts during several types of inflammatory disease and is currently used clinically as a biomarker in some diseases. The fact that several different proinflammatory functions have been ascribed to this protein makes it a potential target for the development of small molecule inhibitors. We have developed several such inhibitors, some of which are already in phase III clinical development. This review describes our efforts to investigate the biological functions of the S100A9 protein as well as our ongoing efforts of developing second-generation, more specific, small molecule inhibitors of its pro-inflammatory functions.
Immunotherapy with a HER2-Targeting Listeria Induces HER2-Specific Immunity and Demonstrates Potential Therapeutic Effects in a Phase I Trial in Canine Osteosarcoma (2016)

These findings demonstrate that ADXS31-164 administered in the setting of minimal residual disease can induce HER2/neu-specific immunity and may reduce the incidence of metastatic disease and prolong overall survival in a clinically relevant, spontaneous, large animal model of cancer. These findings, therefore, have important translational relevance for children with osteosarcoma and adults with other HER2/neu(+) cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(17); 4380-90. ©2016 AACR.
Neural coordination during reach-to-grasp (2015)

When reaching to grasp, we coordinate how we preshape the hand with how we move it. To ask how motor cortical neurons participate in this coordination, we examined the interactions between reach- and grasp-related neuronal ensembles while monkeys reached to grasp a variety of different objects in different locations. By describing the dynamics of these two ensembles as trajectories in a low-dimensional state space, we examined their coupling in time. We found evidence for temporal compensation across many different reach-to-grasp conditions such that if one neural trajectory led in time the other tended to catch up, reducing the asynchrony between the trajectories. Granger causality revealed bidirectional interactions between reach and grasp neural trajectories beyond that which could be attributed to the joint kinematics that were consistently stronger in the grasp-to-reach direction. Characterizing cortical coordination dynamics provides a new framework for understanding the functional interactions between neural populations.
Dynamic mapping of physical controls for tabletop groupware (2009)

Multi-touch interactions are a promising means of control for interactive tabletops. However, a lack of precision and tactile feedback makes multi-touch controls a poor fit for tasks where precision and feedback are crucial. We present an approach that offers precise control and tactile feedback for tabletop systems through the integration of dynamically re-mappable physical controllers with the multi-touch environment, and we demonstrate this approach in our collaborative tabletop audio editing environment. An observational user study demonstrates that our approach can provide needed precision and feedback, while preserving the collaborative benefits of a shared direct-manipulation surface. Our observations also suggest that direct touch and physical controllers can offer complementary benefits, and that providing both allows users to adjust their control strategy based on considerations including precision, convenience, visibility, and user role.
The impact of test ownership and team structure on the reliability and effectiveness of quality test runs (2014)

Context: Software testing is a crucial step in most software development processes. Testing software is a key component to manage and assess the risk of shipping quality products to customers. But testing is also an expensive process and changes to the system need to be tested thoroughly which may take time. Thus, the quality of a software product depends on the quality of its underlying testing process and on the effectiveness and reliability of individual test cases.