gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE AND IMPLEMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF RAPID POINT OF CARE SARS-CoV-2 ANTIGEN TESTING (2021)

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a need for rapid identification of infectious cases. Testing barriers have prohibited adequate screening for SARS COV2, resulting in significant delays in treatment provision and commencement of outbreak control measures. This study aimed to generate evidence on the performance and implementation characteristics of the BD Veritor rapid antigen test as compared to the gold standard test for diagnosis of SARS COV2 in Kenya. Methods This was a field test performance evaluation in symptomatic and asymptomatic adults undergoing testing for SARS COV2. Recruited participants were classified as SARS-CoV2-positive based on the locally implemented gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test performed on nasopharyngeal swabs. 272 antigen tests were performed with simultaneous gold standard testing, allowing us to estimate sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for the BD Veritor rapid antigen test platform. Implementation characteristics were assessed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research for feasibility, acceptability, turn-around time, and ease-of-use metrics. Results and Discussion We enrolled 97 PCR negative symptomatic and 128 PCR negative asymptomatic, and 28 PCR positive symptomatic and 19 PCR positive asymptomatic participants. Compared to the gold standard, the sensitivity of the BD Veritor antigen test was 94% (95% confidence interval [CI] 86.6 to 100.0) while the specificity was 98% (95% confidence interval [CI] 96 to 100). The sensitivity of BD Veritor antigen test was higher among symptomatic (100%) compared to asymptomatic (84%) participants, although this difference was not statistically significant. There was also a lack of association between cycle threshold value and sensitivity of BD Veritor test. The BD Veritor test had quick turnaround time and minimal resource requirements, and laboratory personnel conducting testing felt that it was easier to use than the gold standard RT-PCR. Conclusion The BD Veritor rapid antigen test exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity when used to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection among both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in varied population settings in Kenya. It was feasible to implement and easy to use, with rapid turnaround time.
A Flexible and Secure Deployment Framework for Distributed Applications (2010)

This paper describes an implemented system which is designed to support the deployment of applications offering distributed services, comprising a number of distributed components. This is achieved by creating high level placement and topology descriptions which drive tools that deploy applications consisting of components running on multiple hosts. The system addresses issues of heterogeneity by providing abstractions over host-specific attributes yielding a homogeneous run-time environment into which components may be deployed. The run-time environments provide secure binding mechanisms that permit deployed components to bind to stored data and services on the hosts on which they are running.
1,4‐Benzodiazepines III . Cyclization paths of hexaminium salts of 2‐chioroacetamido‐5‐ehlorobenzophenone and its N‐methyl derivative (1972)

Abstract This study reports the isolation and characterization of hexaminium salts of 2‐chloroacetamido‐5‐chlorobenzophenone (I) and of 2‐( N ‐methyl)chloroacetamido‐5‐chlorobenzophenone (II). The 7‐chloro‐1,3‐dihydro‐5‐phenyl‐2 H ‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐one (VI) and 7‐chloro‐1,3‐dihydro‐1‐meth‐yI‐5‐phenyl‐2 H ‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐one (VII), respectively are of pharmacodynamic importance. Based on chromatographic separation of some intermediates, and on spectrophotometric monitoring of cyclizations I → VI and II → VII, respectively, two different pathways for these reactions have been proposed. Since the slowest step in the reaction sequence II → VII follows the quasi first order rate law, intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the benzophenone carbonyl group on the hexamine moiety proved to be decisive for the cyclization (scheme II). However, cyclization I → VI seems to incorporate quite different solvolytic pathways in addition to one corresponding to the sequence II → VII. Isolated 4‐imidazolidinone intermediates N,N ' ‐methylene‐bis[3‐{2 ‐benzoyl‐4‐chIoro)phenyI]‐4‐imidazolidinone(III), and 3‐(2 ‐benzoyl‐4′‐chlorophenyI)‐4‐imidazolidinone hydrochloride (IV) recyclize into the 1,4‐benzodiazepine VI. The optimal reaction conditions have been found to be between p H 6‐7.
Berberine as a Potential Anticancer Agent: A Comprehensive Review (2021)

Berberine (BBR), a potential bioactive agent, has remarkable health benefits. A substantial amount of research has been conducted to date to establish the anticancer potential of BBR. The present review consolidates salient information concerning the promising anticancer activity of this compound. The therapeutic efficacy of BBR has been reported in several studies regarding colon, breast, pancreatic, liver, oral, bone, cutaneous, prostate, intestine, and thyroid cancers. BBR prevents cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and controlling the cell cycle as well as autophagy. BBR also hinders tumor cell invasion and metastasis by down-regulating metastasis-related proteins. Moreover, BBR is also beneficial in the early stages of cancer development by lowering epithelial-mesenchymal transition protein expression. Despite its significance as a potentially promising drug candidate, there are currently no pure berberine preparations approved to treat specific ailments. Hence, this review highlights our current comprehensive knowledge of sources, extraction methods, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of berberine, as well as the proposed mechanisms of action associated with its anticancer potential. The information presented here will help provide a baseline for researchers, scientists, and drug developers regarding the use of berberine as a promising candidate in treating different types of cancers.
Cognitive Dimensions of Tangible Programming Languages In Proceedings of the First Joint Conference of EASE and PPIG 2003, pp. 391-405 (2003)

We have in the past described several approaches to programming with tangible interfaces – both complete programming languages implemented in physical form, and simpler physical interfaces (for example the front panels of domestic appliances) that have some programmable capabilities. In this paper, we explore the more generic possibilities of tangible interfaces as a basis for programmable functionality. Our specific target is the development of a query language that can be used in school classrooms, based on physical elements that contain radio frequency ID (RFID) tags. This research project is still in progress, but an important early stage has been a theoretical analysis, based on the Cognitive Dimensions of notations (CDs) framework, that has provided guidance regarding what kinds of programming might be feasible using such an interface. This is a novel use of the CDs framework, insofar as it does not aim to evaluate a specific kind of interface, but rather investigates what kinds of interface we might imagine making. We believe this to be a valuable perspective for the design of nonWIMP interfaces and other ubiquitous computing innovations.
Seeing Through your Skin: Recognizing Objects with a Novel Visuotactile\n Sensor (2020)

We introduce a new class of vision-based sensor and associated algorithmic\nprocesses that combine visual imaging with high-resolution tactile sending, all\nin a uniform hardware and computational architecture. We demonstrate the\nsensor's efficacy for both multi-modal object recognition and metrology. Object\nrecognition is typically formulated as an unimodal task, but by combining two\nsensor modalities we show that we can achieve several significant performance\nimprovements. This sensor, named the See-Through-your-Skin sensor (STS), is\ndesigned to provide rich multi-modal sensing of contact surfaces. Inspired by\nrecent developments in optical tactile sensing technology, we address a key\nmissing feature of these sensors: the ability to capture a visual perspective\nof the region beyond the contact surface. Whereas optical tactile sensors are\ntypically opaque, we present a sensor with a semitransparent skin that has the\ndual capabilities of acting as a tactile sensor and/or as a visual camera\ndepending on its internal lighting conditions. This paper details the design of\nthe sensor, showcases its dual sensing capabilities, and presents a deep\nlearning architecture that fuses vision and touch. We validate the ability of\nthe sensor to classify household objects, recognize fine textures, and infer\ntheir physical properties both through numerical simulations and experiments\nwith a smart countertop prototype.\n
Synthesis of Real-World Driving Cycles and Their Use for Estimating PHEV Energy Consumption and Charging Opportunities: Case Study for Midwest/U.S. (2011)

This paper analyzes plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) behavior, its impact on the electric grid, and possible charging opportunities using representative synthetic cycles with the consideration of daily driving schedules. The representative naturalistic cycles are synthesized through a stochastic process utilizing transition probability matrices extracted from naturalistic driving data collected in the Midwest region of the United States. The representativeness of the cycles is achieved through the subsequent statistical analysis. The distributions of the departure/arrival time and the rest time, analyzed from the real-world data at the key locations, complete the picture to analyze vehicle daily missions and the PHEV impact on the grid. PHEV simulation is used to determine the battery state of charge (SOC) distribution upon arrival. The results for typical locations such as residential, work, large business, and small business allow the assessment of the PHEV impact on the grid and possible charging opportunities during daily missions.
Instrumentation of UL‐94 test: understanding of mechanisms involved in fire retardancy of polymers (2015)

A quantitative approach of phenomena occurring in UL‐94 test setting up selected instrumentation was developed in this work. The instrumentation permits to measure the weight of droplets, the weight loss of the sample as well as the temperature gradients during the fire test. Three flame retardant formulations of PA6 exhibiting different modes of action (melamine cyanurate, melamine pyrophosphate, and guanidine sulfamate/melamine polyphosphate) were compared with the neat matrix and the corresponding formulations reinforced with 20 wt% glass fibers. It was shown that depending on the mode of action of the flame retardant, the heat propagation, the volatilization and the release of drops are significantly different with or without glass fibers. The measured parameters include the endothermic effect of MCA, the volatilization of guanidine sulfamate/melamine polyphosphate, the formation of an intumescent barrier with melamine pyrophosphate and the measurement ex situ of the thermal diffusivity of the drops. From this approach, the behavior of the samples and the influence of glass fibers are understood. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The END: a network adapter design tool (2002)

We present the design and implementation of the Emulated Network Device (END), a network adapter design tool that facilitates accurate evaluation of alternative adapter designs. Using device emulation, the END permits designers to couple a representative model of an adapter with a real host and its communication software. Different adapter designs can be evaluated and compared accurately in a realistic setting, i.e., while capturing host-adapter concurrency and interaction overheads, before building a prototype. We present the architectural framework adopted by the END and demonstrate its feasibility via a case study of a commercial network adapter. Several design improvements to alleviate performance bottlenecks are realized and evaluated using the END, highlighting its utility as a network adapter design tool.
Analysis and Functional Annotation of Expressed Sequence Tags from the Asian Longhorned Beetle,Anoplophora glabripennis (2009)

The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is one of the most economically and ecologically devastating forest insects to invade North America in recent years. Despite its substantial impact, limited effort has been expended to define the genetic and molecular make-up of this species. Considering the significant role played by late-stadia larvae in host tree decimation, a small-scale EST sequencing project was done using a cDNA library constructed from 5(th) -instar A. glabripennis. The resultant dataset consisted of 599 high quality ESTs that, upon assembly, yielded 381 potentially unique transcripts. Each of these transcripts was catalogued as to putative molecular function, biological process, and associated cellular component according to the Gene Ontology classification system. Using this annotated dataset, a subset of assembled sequences was identified that are putatively associated with A. glabnpennis development and metamorphosis. This work will contribute to understanding of the diverse molecular mechanisms that underlie coleopteran morphogenesis and enable the future development of novel control strategies for management of this insect pest.
Effects of amylose content, autoclaving, parboiling, extrusion, and post-cooking treatments on resistant starch content of different rice cultivars (2006)

Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of parboiling, extrusion, rice variety, rice : water ratio, and cooling after cooking on the resistant starch (RS) content of rice. When uncooked the medium-grain rice (Amaroo) contained less amylose (18.8 g/100 g, P = 0.001), higher fast digestible starch (FDS) content (21.7 g/100 g, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and less RS (0.1 g/100 g, P &amp;lt; 0.001) than the long-grain rice (Doongara) (25.6, 15.9, 0.4, respectively). Parboiled rice had the highest FDS (33.9 g/100 g) and RS (0.72 g/100 g) contents, with an amylose content of 25.4 g/100 g. The effects of rice type, rice : water ratio (1 : 1 or 1 : 2 w/w), and post-cooking interventions (freshly dried or dried after cooling for 24 h at 4°C) on the RS content of rice cooked in an autoclave were examined. The RS contents were significantly different among the rice types (0.6, 1.4, 3.7 g/100 g for Amaroo, Doongara, and parboiled rice, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Decreasing the rice : water ratio (1 : 2) and cooling (24 h at 4°C) after cooking significantly increased the RS content (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Extrusion decreased the RS content in the high RS rice only (0.42–0.16 g/100 g, P = 0.02). The results indicate that parboiling rice, and the use of a higher-amylose-content rice, a lower rice : water ratio, and cooling after cooking all increase RS content, whereas extrusion decreases the RS content of rice.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐9‐(3′‐azido‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐β‐D‐erythro‐ pentofuranosyl)‐6‐methoxy‐9H‐purine (AZDDMAP) and AZDDGUO. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Aluminum Nitride Integrated Photonics Platform for the Ultraviolet to Visible Spectrum (2018)

We demonstrate a wide-bandgap semiconductor photonics platform based on aluminum nitride on sapphire. We measure ring resonators with quality factor &gt;140,000 at 638 nm and &gt;20,000 down to 369 nm, which shows a promising path for low-loss integrated photonics in the ultraviolet and visible spectrum.
EXPERIMENTAL PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN THE RAT (2002)

Kline, J A; Zagorski, J; Debelak, J P; Watts, J A; Courtney, D M; Grattan, R M; Younger, J G Author Information
Hybrid Energy Storage System of an Electric Scooter Based on Wireless Power Transfer (2018)

The aim of this paper is to present the design and implementation of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) with wireless power transfer (WPT). This study combines a battery bank and a supercapacitor bank to achieve high performance energy sources for electric scooters. The proposed system can be employed on commercial 48-V electric scooters for evaluation. The presented approach follows the WPT frequency standard of SAE J2954 to build the energy transmission. Based on the control of the state of charge on the battery bank, this paper proposes a three-mode strategy for hybrid energy management. The proposed HESS makes three compact and integrated contributions. First, it acts as the regulator to manage the input energy from WPT. Second, it manipulates the energy distributions to the battery and supercapacitor. Third, it provides a mechanism to initiate a short period of “negative current” to avoid excessive exploitation of the battery and facilitates palliation upon polarization. This function has the ability to extend battery life. The system performance of the electric scooter, as a result, can be improved. A double-sided LCC coil with a 15-cm air gap for wireless charging was built on a 0.8-kW electric scooter. In the wireless stage, the efficiency from the dc source to the dc output after the rectifier is 90.362%. The overall system efficiency from the dc source to the battery and supercapacitor is 86.4%.
Power loss mitigation of orbital-angular-momentum-multiplexed free-space optical links using nonzero radial index Laguerre–Gaussian beams (2016)

Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams with different azimuthal indices are orthogonal to each other regardless of their radial indices. We investigate the potential advantage and impact of multiplexing LG beams with different azimuthal indices and nonzero radial indices, compared to LG beams with different azimuthal indices but zero radial index. Our simulation results show that LG beams with nonzero radial indices could help in receiving higher signal power in a free-space optical link under a certain short transmission distance range, especially when the receiver has a very limited aperture size. Our experimental demonstration shows a more than 6 dB received power improvement when multiplexing four LG beams with nonzero radial indices.
Measurement of Dijet Angular Distributions and Search for Quark Compositeness inppCollisions ats=7  TeV (2011)

Dijet angular distributions are measured over a wide range of dijet invariant masses in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV, at the CERN LHC. The event sample, recorded with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb⁻¹. The data are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and yield no evidence of quark compositeness. With a modified frequentist approach, a lower limit on the contact interaction scale for left-handed quarks of Λ⁺ = 5.6 TeV (Λ⁻ = 6.7 TeV) for destructive (constructive) interference is obtained at the 95% confidence level.
Tomographic Hard X-ray Phase Contrast Micro- and Nano-imaging at TOMCAT (2010)

This article illustrates the phase contrast instrumentation installed at the Tomographic Microscopy and Coherent Radiology beamline (TOMCAT) of the Swiss Light Source. Our experimental framework has been designed to extract phase information at spatial resolutions covering three orders of magnitude. For moderate (5-10 microns) resolutions we implemented a two-gratings interferometer, operated at energies between 14 and 40 keV. For high resolution (1-5 microns) we obtain phase information thanks to a modified transport of intensity approach. For very high-resolutions (0.1-0.5 microns) we developed a broadband hard X-ray full-field microscope operated in Zernikephase contrast.
Mouse pointing endpoint prediction using kinematic template matching (2014)

We present a new method of predicting the endpoints of mouse movements. While prior approaches to endpoint prediction have relied upon normative kinematic laws, regression, or control theory, our approach is straightforward but kinematically rich. Our key insight is to regard the unfolding velocity profile of a pointing movement as a 2-D stroke gesture and to use template matching to predict the endpoint based on prior observed movements. We call our technique kinematic template matching (KTM), which is simple to implement, user-adaptable, and kinematically expressive. In a study of 17 able-bodied participants evaluated over movement amplitudes ranging from 100-800 pixels, we found KTM to predict endpoints that were within 83 pixels of the true endpoint at 50% of the way through the movement, within 48 pixels at 75%, and within 39 pixels at 90%, using 1000 templates per participant. These accuracies make KTM as successful an approach to endpoint prediction as any prior technique, while being easier to implement and understand than most.
Atomistic Mechanism of Pt Extraction at Oxidized Surfaces: Insights from DFT (2016)

In this article, we propose a novel mechanism for the atomic-level processes that lead to oxide formation and eventually Pt dissolution at an oxidized Pt(111) surface. The mechanism involves a Pt extraction step followed by the substitution of chemisorbed oxygen to the subsurface. The energy diagrams of these processes have been generated using density functional theory and were analyzed to determine the critical coverages of chemisorbed oxygen for the Pt extraction and Oads substitution steps. The Pt extraction process depends on two essential conditions: (1) the local coordination of a Pt surface atom by three chemisorbed oxygen atoms at nearest-neighboring fcc adsorption sites; (2) the interaction of the buckled Pt atom with surface water molecules. Results are discussed in terms of surface charging effects caused by oxygen coverage, surface strain effects, as well the contribution from electronic interaction effects. The utility of the proposed mechanism for the understanding of Pt stability at bimetallic surfaces will be demonstrated by evaluating the energy diagram of a CuML/Pt(111) near-surface alloy.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Novel Antiandrogen, Compound 30, Suppresses Castration-Resistant and MDV3100-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF, 1.4MB, Generation of MDV3100 resistant tumors and cell line MR49F&lt;/p&gt;
Analysis of Particle Morphology Data (2018)

The particle shape analysis system which we have developed over the past decade has always been directed towards problem solving, generally in the field of sedimentary geology. The system which has evolved and the generalities discussed are not the result of comprehensive theoretical analysis concerning the fundamental nature of particle shape, nor the optimal mathematical expression of shape. The tactics of analysis of multiparticle shape data will be governed by two factors: the investigational objectives; and the nature of the shape frequency distribution. The general objectives for a shape measurement investigation defines the experimental design. The diversity of shapes within a sample reflects the diversity of the process which created the shapes. Each mode on the shape frequency distribution represents a shape family. Chi-square contingency table analysis compares two or more of the frequency histograms interval by interval.