gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoelectronics and Information Technology (2012)

This outstanding textbook provides an introduction to electronic materials and device concepts for the major areas of current and future information technology. On about 1,000 pages, it collects the fundamental concepts and key technologies related to advanced electronic materials and devices. The obvious strength of the book is its encyclopedic character, providing adequate background material instead of just reviewing current trends. It focuses on the underlying principles which are illustrated by contemporary examples. The third edition now holds 47 chapters grouped into eight sections. The first two sections are devoted to principles, materials processing and characterization methods. Following sections hold contributions to relevant materials and various devices, computational concepts, storage systems, data transmission, imaging systems and displays. Each subject area is opened by a tutorial introduction, written by the editor and giving a rich list of references. The following chapters provide a concise yet in-depth description in a given topic. Primarily aimed at graduate students of physics, electrical engineering and information technology as well as material science, this book is equally of interest to professionals looking for a broader overview. Experts might appreciate the book for having quick access to principles as well as a source for getting insight into related fields.
Assignment of a second locus for multiple exostoses to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 11 (1994)

Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT) is an autosomal dominant disorder of enchondral bone formation characterized by multiple bony outgrowths (exostoses), with progression to osteosarcoma in a minority of cases. The exclusive involvement of skeletal abnormalities distinguishes EXT from the clinically more complex Langer-Giedion syndrome (LGS), which is associated with deletions at chromosome 8q24. Previously, linkage analysis has revealed a locus for EXT in the LGS region on chromosome 8q24. However, locus heterogeneity was apparent with 30% of the families being unlinked to 8q24. We report on two large pedigrees segregating EXT in which linkage to the LGS region was excluded. To localize the EXT gene(s) in these families we performed a genome search including 254 microsatellite markers dispersed over all autosomes and the X chromosome. In both families evidence was obtained for linkage to markers from the proximal short and long arms of chromosome 11. Two-point analysis gave the highest lod score for D11S554 (Zmax = 7.148 at theta = 0.03). Multipoint analysis indicated a map position for the EXT gene between D11S905 and D11S916, with a peak multipoint lod score of 8.10 at 6 cM from D11S935. The assignment of a second locus for EXT to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 11 implicates an area that is particularly rich in genes responsible for developmental abnormalities and neoplasia.
Remotely powered wireless strain telemeter (2011)

This paper presents a wirelessly powered strain telemeter for mechanical health monitoring applications. The telemter is integrated with a rectenna tuned at 2.4 GHz. The rectenna is comprised by a resonant printed dipole antenna, microstrip transmission line filters and commercially available high-frequency diodes. The experimental results demonstrate that the rectenna is able to deliver 8 mW of DC power to the wireless telemeter when illuminated by a 10-W Yagi transmitter with a gain of 15 dB placed at a distance of over 2.5 m.
Molecular dynamics and X-ray scattering simulations of cyclic siloxane-based liquid crystal mesogens (1993)

Abstract Molecular dynamics simulations of cyclic siloxane-based liquid crystals offer new insights into the conformational flexibility of these materials. Interdigitation between the cholesteryl-4′-allyloxybenzoate and biphenyl-4′-allyloxybenzoate mesogens pendant on the cyclic siloxane ring is observed in the simulated structures. All molecular models considered viz. disc, cone, and cylinder, display a large conformational flexibility, which is important regarding the liquid crystalline phase behavior. The disc molecular model exhibits the largest flexibility as indicated by mean dihedral angles and their range for certain principal torsions, evaluated from the molecular dynamics simulations. Results from the dynamics simulations of cylinder molecular pairs indicate a significant amount of conformational flexibility in the siloxane rings. The degree of interdigitation between mesogens is dependent on the flexibility of the siloxane rings, as shown by calculations for a fixed ring system resulting in les...
40 Gb/s Transmission Using Polarization Division Multiplexing (PDM) RZ-DBPSK with Automatic Polarization Tracking (2008)

Automatic polarization tracking receiver was demonstrated for 40Gb/s PDM RZ-DBPSK signal in a circulating loop. 2Tb/s was transmitted (Q>12.6dB) over 5,200km with 150km repeater spacing and 60% SE. Time-varying polarization effects were included in all measurements.
Magazine - Biblical Recorder - Nov. 24 1979 - Forrest Feezor (1979)

A feature about the partnership between the Baptist State Convention and Wake Forest University. Feezor served on the Wake Forest Convention Relationship Committee.
Adapting to Intermittent Faults in Future Multicore Systems (2007)

As technology continues to scale, future multicore processors become more susceptible to a variety of hardware failures. In particular, intermittent faults, are expected to become especially problematic (S. Borkar et al., 2003), (C. Constantinescu, 2007). A circuit is susceptible to intermittent faults when manufacturing process variation or in-progress wear-out causes the parameters (e.g., resistance, threshold voltage, etc.) of devices within the circuit to vary beyond design expectations (C. Constantinescu, 2007). This susceptibility, combined with certain operating conditions, such as thermal hot-spots and voltage fluctuations, can result in timing errors - even if these temperatures and voltages, for example, are well within the specified acceptable margins. Unlike transient faults, which disappear quickly, or permanent faults, which persist indefinitely, the occurrence of intermittent faults is bursty in nature. Depending on the cause, these bursts of frequent faults can last from several cycles to several seconds or more, effectively rendering a core useless during this time.
The inhibitory effect of nociceptin on the micturition reflex in anaesthetized rats (1998)

1. We have investigated the effect of nociceptin on the micturition reflex evoked by distension or topical application of capsaicin on the urinary bladder of urethane-anaesthetized rats. 2. Nociceptin produced a dose-dependent (3-100 nmol kg(-1) i.v.) transient suppression of the distension-evoked micturition reflex: its effect was not modified by guanethidine (68 micromol kg(-1) s.c.) nor by bilateral cervical vagotomy, alone or in combination, and by naloxone (1.2 micromol kg(-1) i.v.). 3. Nociceptin (100 nmol/kg i.v.) slightly (about 30%) inhibited the contractions of the rat bladder produced by pre- or postganglionic electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve. 4. Nociceptin almost totally abolished the reflex component of the response to topical capsaicin (1 microg in 50 microl). 5. In the rat isolated bladder, submaximal contractions produced by electrical field stimulation were slightly reduced (25+/-4% inhibition) by 1 microM nociceptin. Nociceptin did not affect the contraction of the rat bladder induced by acetylcholine (10 microM) or ATP (1 mM). 6. These findings indicate that nociceptin exerts a naloxone-resistant suppression of the volume-evoked micturition reflex which involves inhibition of transmitter release from postganglionic bladder nerves. An inhibitory effect on bladder afferent nerves is also suggested.
Diethyl 1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (2011)

[1149-23-1] C13H19NO4 (MW 253.29) InChI = 1S/C13H19NO4/c1-5-17-12(15)10-7-11(13(16)18-6-2)9(4)14-8(10)3/h14H,5-7H2,1-4H3 InChIKey = LJXTYJXBORAIHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reagent used as a source of hydride) Alternate Name: HEH; Hantzsch ester hydride; Hantzsch ester; Hantzsch dihydropyridine; 1,4-dihydropyridine. Physical Data: mp 175–180 °C, bright yellow solid.2 Large variations in the melting point have been reported depending on the method of synthesis and purification. Solubility: sol in most organic solvents. Form Supplied in: solid (95% purity). Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR (1:1 DMSO/CDCl3, 400 MHz); δ 7.99 (s, 1H), 4.04 (q, J = 6.8 Hz, 4H), 3.09 (s, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H), 1.20 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H).13C NMR (CHCl3, 100 MHz): δ 168.3, 145.1, 99.7, 59.9, 25.0, 19.3, 14.7. FTIR (cm−1) (neat): 3346, 3108, 2953, 2924, 2854, 1697, 1646, 1506. Preparative Method: the reagent is most often prepared by a multicomponent reaction involving formaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate or ammonia.2-6 Purification: recrystallization from EtOH or flash chromatography with petroleum/ethyl acetate (7:3).4, 5 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: wear suitable gloves. Store compound in a dry container and in a cool place. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not breathe dust.
The multicolumn countercurrent solvent gradient purification process : A continuous chromatographic process for monoclonal antibodies without using protein a (2007)

This article presents the multicolumn countercurrent solvent gradient purification (MCSGP) process, which uses three chromatographic columns, and incorporates the principle of countercurrent operation and the possibility of using solvent gradients. A MCSGP prototype has been built using commercial chromatographic equipment. The application of this prototype for purifying a MAb from a clarified cell culture supernatant using only a commercial, preparative cation exchange resin shows that the MCSGP process can result in purities and yields comparable to those of purification using Protein A. The second application example for the MCSGP prototype is the separation of three MAb variants using a preparative weak cation-exchange resin. Although the intermediately eluting MAb variant can only be obtained with 80% purity at recoveries close to zero in a batch chromatographic process, the MCSGP process can provide 90% purity at 93% yield. A numerical comparison of the MCSGP process with the batch chromatographic process, and a batch chromatographic process including ideal recycling, has been performed using an industrial polypeptide purification as the model system. It shows that the MCSGP process can increase the productivity by a factor of 10 and reduce the solvent requirement by 90%.
Sensing Behavior of CuO-Loaded SnO2 Element for H2S Detection (1991)

Abstract CuO-loaded SnO2 element was found to show extraordinary sensing properties to H2S in air, with such high sensitivity as ca. 35 000 to 50 ppm H2S at 200 °C and switching-like recovery on turning off H2S. The change of state between CuO and CuS on the surface of SnO2 seems to be responsible for such unique sensing properties.
Realce multiespectral de tejidos tumorales (2015)

Resumen: En un procedimiento de reseccion quirurgica de cancer convencional siempre existe cierta problematica a la hora de delimitar el contorno del tumor. Se propone un metodo de reconstruccion de imagen multiespectral basado en la descomposicion en valores singulares de la reflectancia local del tejido, su proyeccion sobre la N-esfera de radio unidad y una metrica inspirada en las superficies equipotenciales electrostaticas. Este metodo realza el brillo/color/contraste de los tejidos elegidos por el cirujano.
Progress in Cleaning and Wet Processing for Kesterite Thin Film Solar Cells (2016)

Copper indium gallium selenide/sulfide (CIGS) and copper zinc tin selenide/sulfide (CZTS) are two thin film photovoltaic materials with many similar properties. Therefore, three new processing steps – which are well-known to be beneficial for CIGS solar cell processing – are developed, optimized and implemented in CZTS solar cells. For all these novel processing steps an increase in minority carrier lifetime and cell conversion efficiency is measured, as compared to standard CZTS processing. The scientific explanation of these effects is very similar to its CIGS equivalent: the incorporation of alkali metals, ammonium sulfide surface cleaning, and Al 2 O 3 surface passivation leads to electrical enhancement of the CZTS bulk, front surface and reduced front interface recombination, respectively.
Digital logic using 3-terminal spin transfer torque devices (2011)

We demonstrate for the first time that functionally complete digital logic can be created by using three terminal devices each consisting of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and spin transfer torque (STT) element with a shared free magnetic layer. Rather than the output of devices being high or low voltage levels, logical states are represented as output resistances which retain their state when unpowered. By cascading and clocking devices using a multi-phase clock, threshold logic can be used to implement functionally complete digital logic. Using this approach, a single device can act as an AND, NAND, OR, or NOR gate without the need for external circuitry. Required device parameters and tolerances are discussed.
Preclinical Pharmacologic Evaluation of MST-997, an Orally Active Taxane with Superior In vitro and In vivo Efficacy in Paclitaxel- and Docetaxel-Resistant Tumor Models (2006)

MST-997 represents a potent and orally active microtubule-stabilizing agent that has greater pharmacologic efficacy in vitro and in vivo than the currently approved taxanes. Our findings suggest that MST-997, which has entered phase I clinical trials, may have broad therapeutic value.
The Turnover of Folate Coenzymes in Murine Lymphoma Cells (1973)

Abstract To estimate the turnover of 5-CH3-H4-folate in murine lymphoma cells L1210, L1210R (a methotrexate-resistant subline), and L5178Y, suspensions of whole cells were allowed to concentrate 5-[14C]CH3-[9,3',5'-3H]H4-folate; analysis of cell extracts showed that, for each cell line, 81 to 85% of the total cell [14C]CH3 groups were transferred to nonfolate compounds within 5 min and 82 to 91% at time intervals up to 60 min. The initial transfer of 14C appeared to be into [14C]methionine, but insoluble cell materials were also progressively 14C labeled. Of the total cell 3H, more than 87% remained identified as 5-CH3-[3H3]H4-folate at 60 min, showing that within this period most of the [3H2]H4-folate derived from 5-CH3-[3H3]H4-folate returned to maintain the labeling of the pool of 5-CH3-[3H3]H4-folate. To estimate the flux of folates through the pathway of thymidylate biosynthesis, L1210 and L1210R cells were allowed to concentrate either 5-CH3-[9,3',5'-3H]H4-folate in the presence of methotrexate or 5-HCO-[6-3H]H4-folate. Of total 3H taken up as 5-HCO-[6-3H]H4-folate, 28% appeared to be transferred to thymidylate in 60 min by L1210 cells and 52% by L1210R cells. In methotrexate-treated L1210 cells, 23% of the total 3H taken up as 5-CH3-[3H3]H4-folate was accumulated in 60 min as [3H3]H2-folate, a product of thymidylate biosynthesis. However, in cells of the methotrexate-resistant L1210R line, no [3H3]H2-folate was accumulated by the use of 2 mm methotrexate despite the demonstrated high flux of folates through the pathway of thymidylate biosynthesis. These data show the significance, for methotrexate resistance, of the 11-fold increase of dihydrofolate reductase in L1210R cells.
Conjunction of factors triggering waves of seasonal influenza (2018)

Using several longitudinal datasets describing putative factors affecting influenza incidence and clinical data on the disease and health status of over 150 million human subjects observed over a decade, we investigated the source and the mechanistic triggers of influenza epidemics. We conclude that the initiation of a pan-continental influenza wave emerges from the simultaneous realization of a complex set of conditions. The strongest predictor groups are as follows, ranked by importance: (1) the host population's socio- and ethno-demographic properties; (2) weather variables pertaining to specific humidity, temperature, and solar radiation; (3) the virus' antigenic drift over time; (4) the host population'€™s land-based travel habits, and; (5) recent spatio-temporal dynamics, as reflected in the influenza wave auto-correlation. The models we infer are demonstrably predictive (area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve 80%) when tested with out-of-sample data, opening the door to the potential formulation of new population-level intervention and mitigation policies.
Effect of snuff and nicotine on DNA methylation by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (1987)

In this study we assayed the effects of snuff and nicotine on the DNA methylation by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a powerful tobacco-specific N-nitrosamine. Male F344 rats were pretreated for 2 weeks with either a solution of a snuff extract or 0.002% nicotine in the drinking water. Subsequently, the rats were given a single dose of NNK and the effects of snuff and nicotine on the methylation of guanine by NNK in the DNA of target organs of this carcinogenic nitrosamine were determined. Formation of 7-methylguanine in the liver, nasal mucosae and oral cavity and of O6-methylguanine in the liver and oral cavity was much lower in the rats pretreated with snuff extract than in those not pretreated. On the other hand, pretreatment of the rats with nicotine had no significant effect on the methylation of DNA by NNK nor on the elimination constants of NNK and its major metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridly)-1-butanol.
Discovery and Design of First Benzylamine-Based Ligands Binding to an Unlocked Conformation of the Complement Factor D (2018)

Complement Factor D, a serine protease of the S1 family and key component of the alternative pathway amplification loop, represents a promising target for the treatment of several prevalent and rare diseases linked to the innate immune system. Previously reported FD inhibitors have been shown to bind to the FD active site in its self-inhibited conformation characterized by the presence of a salt bridge at the bottom of the S1 pocket between Asp189 and Arg218. We report herein a new set of small-molecule FD ligands that harbor a basic S1 binding moiety directly binding to the carboxylate of Asp189, thereby displacing the Asp189-Arg218 ionic interaction and significantly changing the conformation of the self-inhibitory loop.
BZM055, an Iodinated Radiotracer Candidate for PET and SPECT Imaging of Myelin and FTY720 Brain Distribution (2011)

FTY720 (fingolimod, Gilenya®) is a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator that shows significant therapeutic efficacy after oral administration to patients of multiple sclerosis. Because FTY720 does not contain any atom whose PET or SPECT radioisotope would have a half-life compatible with its pharmacokinetic properties, it cannot be used directly for imaging. Instead, we propose BZM055 as a surrogate tracer to study its pharmacokinetics and organ distribution in patients and, given that FTY720 accumulates in myelin sheaths, for myelin imaging. BZM055 (2 a, 2-iodo-FTY720) can be easily radiolabeled with ¹²³I (for SPECT) or ¹²⁴I (for PET). Not only does it closely mimic the pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of FTY720, but also its affinity, selectivity for S1P receptors, phosphorylation kinetics, and overall physicochemical properties. [¹²³I]BZM055 is currently under development for clinical imaging.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL (1,5) SIGMATROPIC ALKYL SHIFTS OF ISOINDENES (1979)

Abstract Aus den Bicycloazoxy‐Verbindungen (I) bzw. (VI) entstehen thermisch die Isoindene (II) bzw. (VII),die sich zu (III) bzw. (VIII) und (IX) umlagern.
Cytochrome B 5 reductase 3 regulates nitric oxide signaling at the myoendothelial by controlling hemoglobin redox cycling (2012)

We have shown that hemoglobin subunit alpha (HBα) localizes to the myoendothelial junction(MEJ), the contact point between endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) in small arteries to modulate nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, however, the redox mechanism controlling NO scavenging remains unknown. Since the iron (Fe) domain on Hb is critical for NO binding, we first tested the redox state of Fe in the thoracodorsal (TD) arteries and in isolated MEJ fractions from a vascular cell co‐culture (VCCC) model using UV ‐ visible absorption spectra, and found that Hbα resides primarily in Fe 2+ state. Using carbon monoxide to inhibit NO binding to Fe 2+ , we found reduced NO scavenging in TD arteries and in the VCCC. Since NO can react with Hb‐Fe 2+ to yield Hb‐Fe 3+ , we tested if cytchrome B5 reductase 3 (CytB5R3), a known Hb‐Fe 3+ reductase, is critical for Hb‐Fe 3+ reduction. Western blot analysis showed CytB5R3 expression in TD arteries and in the VCCC. In addition, we found that Hbα co‐immunoprecipitates with CytB5R3. Using siRNA to knockdown CytB5R3 expression or propylthiouracil (PTU) to block its activity, we found attenuated NO scavenging in TD arteries and in the VCCC. Lastly, EC‐specific transfection of CytB5R3 or pretreatment with PTU inhibited phenylephrine‐mediated vasoconstriction. Together, these results suggest that CytB5R3 is critical for Hbα redox cycling to control NO scavenging and vasomotor tone.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Perpendicularly Magnetized Co Layers Showing Current-Induced Domain Wall Motion (2023)

Successful preparation of perpendicularly magnetized Co thin layers on Pt seed-layers (SLs) using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique with Co(PF3)4H as a precursor is reported. The residual phosphorus content in the samples, due to low deposition temperatures to realize ALD, was reduced effectively by tuning ALD parameters. Spin–orbit-torque-driven current-induced domain wall motion (CIDWM) was observed in the strip containing ALD Co layer prepared with the low phosphorus condition.
Closed-form unbiased frequency estimation of a noisy sinusoid using notch filters (2003)

In this note, the problem of the frequency estimation of a sinusoid embedded in white noise is considered. The approach used herein is the minimization of the sample variance of the output of constrained notch filters fed by the noisy sinusoid. In particular, this note focuses on closed-form expressions of the frequency estimate, which can be obtained using notch filters having an all-zeros finite-impulse response (FIR) structure. The results presented in this note are as follows: 1) it is shown that the FIR notch filters obtained from standard second-order infinite-impulse response (IIR) filters are inadequate; 2) a new second-order IIR notch filter is proposed, which provides an unbiased estimate of the frequency; 3) the FIR filter obtained from the new IIR filter provides a closed-form unbiased frequency estimate; and 4) the closed-form frequency estimate obtained using the new FIR notch filter asymptotically converges toward the Pisarenko harmonic decomposition estimator and the Yule-Walker estimator.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Carmethizole and Related Nitrogen Analogues. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.