gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Practical Use of ADUS for Real-Time Routing and Travel Time Prediction (2005)

We’ve developed a prototype dynamic route guidance system that utilizes real-time data as well as a massive historical data stored in an Archived Data User Service (ADUS) system, PeMS (Freeway Performance Measurement System). The system has two components: (1) robust real-time and historical traffic content from PeMS and (2) path finding and route guidance algorithm. It leverages data in PeMS for route guidance application, which is emerging as an important application of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). We also studied the benefit of the real-time route guidance system for a simplified freeway network in Los Angeles, which shows an average of 30~60% reduction in travel time for trips that last an hour or longer.
Data from Clinical Validation of EndoPredict in Pre-Menopausal Women with ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Primary Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The EndoPredict prognostic assay is validated to predict distant recurrence and response to chemotherapy primarily in post-menopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive (ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;), HER2&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; breast cancer. This study evaluated the performance of EndoPredict in pre-menopausal women.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Tumor samples from 385 pre-menopausal women with ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, HER2&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; primary breast cancer (pT1-3, pN0-1) who did not receive chemotherapy in addition to endocrine therapy were tested with EndoPredict to produce a 12-gene EP molecular score and an integrated EPclin score that includes pathologic tumor size and nodal status. Associations of molecular and EPclin scores with 10-year distant recurrence–free survival (DRFS) were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan–Meier analysis.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;After a median follow-up of 9.7 years, both the EP molecular score and the molecular-clinicopathologic EPclin score were associated with increased risk of distant recurrence [HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18–1.50; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 7.2 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–6&lt;/sup&gt;; HR, 3.58; 95% CI, 2.26–5.66; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 9.8 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–8&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively]. Both scores remained significant after adjusting for clinical factors in multivariate analysis. Patients with low-risk EPclin scores (64.7%) had significantly improved DRFS compared with high-risk patients (HR, 4.61; 95% CI, 1.40–15.17; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 4.2 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–3&lt;/sup&gt;). At 10 years, patients with low-risk and high-risk EPclin scores had a DRFS of 97% (95% CI, 93%–99%) and 76% (95% CI, 67%–82%), respectively.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;The EPclin score is strongly associated with DRFS in pre-menopausal women who received adjuvant endocrine therapy alone. On the basis of these data, pre-menopausal women with EPclin low-risk breast cancer may be treated with endocrine therapy only and safely forgo adjuvant chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Augmentation of Distal Biceps Tendon Ruptures With the Lacertus Fibrosus: A Biomechanical Study in a Tendon-Deficient Model (2022)

Chronic distal biceps tendon ruptures may require autograft or allograft reconstruction secondary to tendon scarring, shortening, attrition, and degeneration. The lacertus fibrosus is a cost-effective and low-morbidity local autograft that can be used to augment repairs.
Single Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots in Photonic Nanostructures: The Role of Nanofabrication (2018)

Single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots are a promising solid-state quantum technology, with which vacuum Rabi splitting, single-photon-level nonlinearities, and bright, pure, and indistinguishable single-photon generation having been demonstrated. For such achievements, nanofabrication is used to create structures in which the quantum dot preferentially interacts with strongly-confined optical modes. An open question is the extent to which such nanofabrication may also have an adverse influence, through the creation of traps and surface states that could induce blinking, spectral diffusion, and dephasing. Here, we use photoluminescence imaging to locate the positions of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots with respect to alignment marks with < 5 nm uncertainty, allowing us to measure their behavior before and after fabrication. We track the quantum dot emission linewidth and photon statistics as a function of distance from an etched surface, and find that the linewidth is significantly broadened (up to several GHz) for etched surfaces within a couple hundred nanometers of the quantum dot. However, we do not observe appreciable reduction of the quantum dot radiative efficiency due to blinking. We also show that atomic layer deposition can stabilize spectral diffusion of the quantum dot emission, and partially recover its linewidth.
Interaction of bombesin and litorin with specific membrane receptors on pancreatic acinar cells (1978)

We have prepared (125)I-labeled [Tyr(4)]bombesin and have examined the kinetics, stoichiometry, and chemical specificity with which the labeled peptide binds to dispersed acini from guinea pig pancreas. Binding of (125)I-labeled [Tyr(4)]-bombesin was saturable, temperature-dependent, and reversible and reflected interaction of the labeled peptide with a single class of binding sites on the plasma membrane of pancreatic acinar cells. Each acinar cell possessed approximately 5000 binding sites, and binding of the tracer to these sites could be inhibited by [Tyr(4)]bombesin [concentration for half-maximal effect (Kd), 2 nM], bombesin (Kd, 4 nM), or litorin (Kd, 40 nM) but not by eledoisin, physalemin, somatostatin, carbachol, atropine, secretin, vasocative intestinal peptide, neurotensin, or bovine pancreatic polypeptide. At high concentrations (>0.1 muM), cholecystokinin and caerulein each caused a small (15-20%) reduction in binding of lableled [Tyr(4)]bombesin. With bombesin, litorin, and [Tyr(4)]bombesin, there was a close correlation between the relative potency for inhibition of binding of labeled [Tyr(4)]bombesin and that for stimulation of amylase secretion. For a given peptide, however, a 10-fold higher concentration was required for half-maximal inhibition of binding than for half-maximal stimulation of amylase secretion, calcium outflux, or cyclic GMP accumulation. These results indicate that dispersed acini from guinea pig pancreas possess a single class of receptors that interact with [Tyr(4)]bombesin, bombesin, and litorin and that occupation of 25% of these receptors will cause a maximal biological response.
Array Enhanced Stochastic Resonance and Spatiotemporal Synchronization (1995)

We enhance the response of a ``stochastic resonator'' by coupling it into a chain of identical resonators. Specifically, we show via numerical simulation that local linear coupling of overdamped nonlinear oscillators significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the response of a single oscillator to a time-periodic signal and noise. We relate this array enhanced stochastic resonance to the global spatiotemporal dynamics of the array and show how noise, coupling, and bistable potential cooperate to organize spatial order, temporal periodicity, and peak signal-to-noise ratio.
Multi-flip chip on lead frame overmolded IC package: a novel packaging design to achieve high performance and cost effective module package (2005)

Miniaturization reduces package size, cost and board space. System on Chip (SoC) integrates a system on a common silicon substrate, however there are some shortcomings with this approach such as high manufacturing cost. Handling of different levels of voltage and current on a common silicon substrate with controller IC operating in the range of several volts and milliamps, while power MosFETs at over hundreds of volts and more dozens of amps can also pose as an issue. Nevertheless, module packages having controller IC and power MosFET co-packaged are new. Fairchild semiconductor's advancement in packaging has eliminated these drawbacks with the introduction of multi-flip chip on lead frame over-molded IC package. This new package has a novel packaging concept that uses multi-flip chip technology on the power devices combined with controller IC employing wire bonding technique on one copper lead frame based substrate. The gate and source in power MosFETs are bumped and attached to the copper lead frame by flip chip bonding technology and are routed out of package by solder balls while the drain exposed at the bottom of the package is soldered directly to the board. This is a BGA package with exposed die back for drain. The paper describes the construction of multi-flip chip on lead frame over molded package in Fairchild Semiconductor, its cost effective package designs and manufacturing challenges.
Module-integrated GMR-based current sensing for closed loop control of a motor drive (2015)

Current sensor integration in commercial power semiconductor modules is generally based on shunt resistance methods. The resulting losses and lack of galvanic isolation present opportunities for improvement. This paper describes the integration of sub-millimeter sized giant magnetoresistive (GMR) point field detectors (PFDs) into commercial IGBT modules to provide nearly-lossless, galvanically isolated current sensing capabilities. The IGBT modules are installed into a three-phase inverter motor drive, and the GMR-based integrated current sensors are used for closed-loop current control in a field oriented induction motor drive. Finite element analysis (FEA) of the module interconnect structures is used to determine detector locations offering the highest possible bandwidth current measurements. Additional PFDs are used to decouple rotating magnetic field disturbances or bias fields from permanent magnets. The same GMR PFDs are also used to provide temperature measurements that are used to decouple the effects of changing temperature.
Physical modelling and control of dynamic foaming in an LD-converter process (2002)

This paper deals with physical modelling and control of dynamic foaming in the LD-converter process. An experimental setup consisting of a water model, DSP and PC hardware is built up and shown to be useful for studying dynamic foaming. Furthermore, a foam height estimation algorithm is presented and validated through experiments. Finally, sound signals from the LD-converter and water model are compared and similarities between them are found.
ON-LINE THERMAL BARRIER COATING MONITORING FOR REAL-TIME FAILURE PROTECTION AND LIFE MAXIMIZATION (2003)

Under the sponsorship of the U. S. Department of Energy's National Energy Laboratory, Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation proposes a four year program titled, ''On-Line Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) Monitor for Real-Time Failure Protection and Life Maximization,'' to develop, build and install the first generation of an on-line TBC monitoring system for use on land-based advanced gas turbines (AGT). Federal deregulation in electric power generation has accelerated power plant owner's demand for improved reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) of the land-based advanced gas turbines. As a result, firing temperatures have been increased substantially in the advanced turbine engines, and the TBCs have been developed for maximum protection and life of all critical engine components operating at these higher temperatures. Losing TBC protection can, therefore, accelerate the degradation of substrate component materials and eventually lead to a premature failure of critical components and costly unscheduled power outages. This program seeks to substantially improve the operating life of high cost gas turbine components using TBC; thereby, lowering the cost of maintenance leading to lower cost of electricity. Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation has teamed with Indigo Systems, a supplier of state-of-the-art infrared camera systems, and Wayne State University, a leading research organization in the field of infrared non-destructive examination (NDE), to complete the program.
Four-wave mixing in 1.3  μm epitaxial quantum dot lasers directly grown on silicon (2022)

This work compares the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect in epitaxial quantum dot (QD) lasers grown on silicon with quantum well (QW) lasers. A comparison of theory and experiment results shows that the measured FWM coefficient is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. The gain in signal power is higher for p-doped QD lasers than for undoped lasers, despite the same FWM coefficient. Owing to the near-zero linewidth enhancement factor, QD lasers exhibit FWM coefficients and conversion efficiency that are more than one order of magnitude higher than those of QW lasers. Thus, this leads to self-mode locking in QD lasers. These findings are useful for developing on-chip sources for photonic integrated circuits on silicon.
Efficient and agile optical networks (2013)

We describe how dynamic physical layer functionality or agility in optical networks can be used to improve the energy efficiency of communication networks. Using the network global expectation model approach, we derive expressions for the total mean electrical power used by an agile optical network and use these to identify the key opportunities for energy efficiency as well as challenges that must be addressed to realize efficiency benefits. Recent progress related to both the network agility speed and the network performance is discussed in the context of energy efficiency.
High coupling two-port lithium niobate MEMS resonators using capacitive ground concept (2017)

Lithium niobate (LN) based thin film piezoelectrics have being extensively explored [1-3] for the making of high coupling and high performance resonators. The most important bottleneck for the use of LN film is related to fabrication process and it is particularly challenging when a bottom electrode is included in the stack to increase the film capacitance per unit area. We have explored Y-cut LN with both ion-slicing and surface activated bonding types of thin film transfer procedures. However, the patterning of bottom electrode still remains a fundamental issue and prevents designers from implementing two port devices. In this work, we propose the use of capacitive grounding by utilizing high dielectric constant available from Y-cut LN thin film. This demonstration is critical in the development of resonators with high out-of-band rejection and piezoelectric transformers.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of SDZ WAG 994 by Selective Methylation of N6‐ Cyclohexyladenosine. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gas-Phase Oxidation of Aluminum Atoms (1972)

Abstract : The report very briefly discusses the author's research on the chemiluminescent reaction Al + O3 yielding AlO* + O2. Also developed was a new technique for detecting reaction products using laser-induced fluorescence which was applied to study the ground state BaO molecules formed in the reaction Ba + O2 to BaO + O.
Direct nuclear pumped laser (2023)

There is provided a direct nuclear pumped gas laser in which the lasing mechanism is collisional radiated recombination of ions. The gas laser active medium is a mixture of the gases, with one example being neon and nitrogen.
High Efficiency Transfection of Embryonic Limb Mesenchyme With Plasmid DNA Using Square Wave Pulse Electroporation and Sucrose Buffer (2014)

Micromass cultures of primary embryonic limb mesenchyme are a valuable model system for studying cartilage formation in vitro. However, high efficiency introduction of plasmid DNA into this hard-to-transfect cell type typically results in considerable cell death and significantly impeded chondrogenesis when the cells are subsequently plated in high density micromass. Here, we describe a novel method in which square wave pulse electroporation of chick embryo wing bud mesenchyme suspended in protective sucrose buffer results in high efficiency transfection without substantially affecting micromass culture cell viability or chondrogenic differentiation potential. Furthermore, we show that this protocol can be employed, along with effector gene expression vectors, to generate observable changes in the amount of cartilage tissue formed in micromass, unlike lower efficiency, higher cytotoxicity techniques that require co-transfection of reporter plasmids to monitor changes in the extent of chondrogenesis and correct for differences in cell viability.
Plasma protein biomarkers for primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: a single-center cohort analysis (2022)

The clinical use of circulating biomarkers for primary graft dysfunction (PGD) after lung transplantation has been limited. In a prospective single-center cohort, we examined the use of plasma protein biomarkers as indicators of PGD severity and duration after lung transplantation. The study comprised 40 consecutive lung transplant patients who consented to blood sample collection immediately pretransplant and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after lung transplant. An expert grader determined the severity and duration of PGD and scored PGD at T0 (6 h after reperfusion), T24, T48, and T72 h post-reperfusion using the 2016 ISHLT consensus guidelines. A bead-based multiplex assay was used to measure 27 plasma proteins including cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to measure cell injury markers including M30, M65, soluble receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). A pairwise comparisons analysis was used to assess differences in protein levels between PGD severity scores (1, 2, and 3) at T0, T24, T48, and T72 h. Sensitivity and temporal analyses were used to explore the association of protein expression patterns and PGD3 at T48-72 h (the most severe, persistent form of PGD). We used the Benjamini-Hochberg method to adjust for multiple testing. Of the 40 patients, 22 (55%) had PGD3 at some point post-transplant from T0 to T72 h; 12 (30%) had PGD3 at T48-72 h. In the pairwise comparison, we identified a robust plasma protein expression signature for PGD severity. In the sensitivity analysis, using a linear model for microarray data, we found that differential perioperative expression of IP-10, MIP1B, RANTES, IL-8, IL-1Ra, G-CSF, and PDGF-BB correlated with PGD3 development at T48-72 h (FDR < 0.1 and p < 0.05). In the temporal analysis, using linear mixed modeling with overlap weighting, we identified unique protein patterns in patients who did or did not develop PGD3 at T48-72 h. Our findings suggest that unique inflammatory protein expression patterns may be informative of PGD severity and duration. PGD biomarker panels may improve early detection of PGD, predict its clinical course, and help monitor treatment efficacy in the current era of lung transplantation.
Relative Contributions of Spectral and Temporal Cues to Korean Phoneme Recognition (2015)

This study was aimed to evaluate the relative contributions of spectral and temporal information to Korean phoneme recognition and to compare them with those to English phoneme recognition. Eleven normal-hearing Korean-speaking listeners participated in the study. Korean phonemes, including 18 consonants in a /Ca/ format and 17 vowels in a /hVd/ format, were processed through a noise vocoder. The spectral information was controlled by varying the number of channels (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 16) whereas the temporal information was controlled by varying the lowpass cutoff frequency of the envelope extractor (1 to 512 Hz in octave steps). A total of 80 vocoder conditions (8 numbers of channels × 10 lowpass cutoff frequencies) were presented to listeners for phoneme recognition. While vowel recognition depended on the spectral cues predominantly, a tradeoff between the spectral and temporal information was evident for consonant recognition. The overall consonant recognition was dramatically lower than that of English consonant recognition under similar vocoder conditions. The complexity of the Korean consonant repertoire, the three-way distinction of stops in particular, hinders recognition of vocoder-processed phonemes.
Cu‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Preparation of 2‐(Pinacolato)boron‐Substituted Allylcopper Complexes and their In Situ Site‐, Diastereo‐, and Enantioselective Additions to Aldehydes and Ketones (2013)

Sustainable, efficient, selective: A three-component, single-vessel Cu-catalyzed method for chemo-, diastereo-, and enantioselective conversion of B2(pin)2, monosubstituted allenes, and aldehydes or ketones to 2-B(pin)-substituted homoallylic alkoxides is described. Subsequent functionalization delivers valuable products in up to >98:2 d.r. and 97:3 e.r. (see scheme). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Supplementary Data 1 from A novel class of Ribosome Modulating Agents (RMAs) exploits cancer ribosome heterogeneity to selectively target the CMS2 subtype of colorectal cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ZKN-157- chemical characterization&lt;/p&gt;
Human Platelet Aggregation and Degranulation Is Induced In Vitro by L-Thyroxine, but Not by 3,5,3′-Triiodo-L-Thyronine or Diiodothyropropionic Acid (DITPA) (2009)

The endogenous thyroid hormones L-thyroxine (T(4)) and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T(3)) induce angiogenesis via an endothelial cell iodothyronine receptor on integrin alphaVbeta3. This receptor also exists on platelets. Diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA) and GC-1, a noniodinated thyroid hormone analog, also induce angiogenesis. Here we examined the effects of iodothyronines (L-T(4) vs L-T(3)) and analogs DITPA and GC-1 on human platelet function. Subthreshold aggregation of platelets obtained from healthy human donors was induced with collagen. Platelet activation (proaggregation) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) secretion (degranulation) induced by L-T( 4), L-T(4)-agarose, L-T(3), DITPA, or GC-1 were determined simultaneously. Platelet aggregation and ATP secretion induced by a subthreshold level of collagen were enhanced 3-fold by either L-T(4) or L-T( 4)-agarose (0.01 micromol/L) as compared to control, whereas, L-T( 3), DITPA, or GC-1 had no effect under the same conditions. The platelet proaggregatory and degranulation effects of L-T(4) were blocked by the alphavbeta3 antagonist XT199 (0.1 micromol/ L) and by tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac; 0.1 micromol/L). Tetrac inhibits binding of thyroid hormone analogs to the receptor on alphavbeta3 and lacks thyromimetic activity at this site; thus, the proaggregatory action of L-T(4) likely involves the cell surface receptor on integrin alphavbeta3. The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) on human platelets but not endothelial cells distinguishes among iodothyronines, reflecting quantitative differences in integrin sites on endothelial cells and platelets or qualitative differences in the phospholipids/protein microenvironment of endothelial and platelet membranes that can affect integrin function. Additional studies in different populations with larger sample sizes are warranted to determine the impact of the current findings on clinical interventions.