gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intumescent Multilayer Nanocoating, Made with Renewable Polyelectrolytes, for Flame-Retardant Cotton (2012)

Thin films of fully renewable and environmentally benign electrolytes, cationic chitosan (CH) and anionic phytic acid (PA), were deposited on cotton fabric via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly in an effort to reduce flammability. Altering the pH of aqueous deposition solutions modifies the composition of the final nanocoating. CH-PA films created at pH 6 were thicker and had 48 wt % PA in the coating, while the thinnest films (with a PA content of 66 wt %) were created at pH 4. Each coating was evaluated at both 30 bilayers (BL) and at the same coating weight added to the fabric. In a vertical flame test, fabrics coated with high PA content multilayers completely extinguished the flame, while uncoated cotton was completely consumed. Microcombustion calorimetry confirmed that all coated fabric reduces peak heat release rate (pkHRR) by at least 50% relative to the uncoated control. Fabric coated with pH 4 solutions shows the greatest reduction in pkHRR and total heat release of 60% and 76%, respectively. This superior performance is believed to be due to high phosphorus content that enhances the intumescent behavior of these nanocoatings. These results demonstrate the first completely renewable intumescent LbL assembly, which conformally coats every fiber in cotton fabric and provides an effective alternative to current flame retardant treatments.
TETRIS (2017)

The high accuracy of deep neural networks (NNs) has led to the development of NN accelerators that improve performance by two orders of magnitude. However, scaling these accelerators for higher performance with increasingly larger NNs exacerbates the cost and energy overheads of their memory systems, including the on-chip SRAM buffers and the off-chip DRAM channels.
P0231 ANTHROPOMETRY AND ACTIVE CELL MASS IN LONG-TERM SURVIVORS OF PEDIATRIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (2004)

Introduction: Pre-operative nutrition is known to significantly affect morbidity and outcome in pediatric liver transplant patients. Our group and others have demonstrated gains in height and weight, both pre and post transplant1. While pre-transplant gains are almost certainly a result of nutritional rehabilitation, the nature and etiology of these gains following transplantation remains unclear Methods: Patients surviving >5years after initial liver transplantation in childhood were eligible for this study. Total body potassium measurement was used to assess the metabolically active lean cell mass (MALCM). Serial Z scores for both height and weight were calculated at listing for transplant, immediately before transplant, 12months, 60months, and up to 120months post-transplant. MALCM was adjusted for height using log-log regression. Z score of zero was considered to be normal (range > −1 to <1), with scores <−1 considered suboptimal. Results: 14 eligible patients, with mean age 24months at time of transplant (range 5–80months), consented to take part in this study. Z scores at their most recent review were suboptimal for height and weight in 5/14 and 2/14 patients respectively. 3/5 patients with low height Z scores had Alagille’s syndrome. Adjusted MALCM scores, which were all within control reference values, were not significantly different before and after transplant. This suggests that nutrition and hence body composition was well managed and could be considered to be relatively independent of the underlying liver disease. Height Z scores showed persistent increment in all patients across the full period of analysis. These results imply that although pre-transplant nutrition is important, it does not appear to be a significant factor in the delayed linear growth observed in this study. Conclusion: Long-term survivors of pediatric liver transplant exhibit persistent catch up linear growth longer than other body measurements. Adjusted MALCM scores suggest that this catch up growth is affected by factors other than nutritional disorder. We speculate that these factors include post-transplantation medication, and/or specific growth factors including deficient levels of insulin growth factors, which we previously demonstrated in end stage liver disease in childhood2.
Optical slow-wave structures (2005)

Nonlinear processes are enhanced in slow wave structures that consist of a cascade of directly coupled optical resonators. Although slow wave propagation has not yet been deployed at optical frequencies, new research could make slow wave structures the cornerstone of switches and other wideband devices for all-optical processing.
1H NMR Probe for in Situ Monitoring of Dopamine Metabolism and Its Application to Inhibitor Screening (2012)

Dopamine (DA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter that plays important roles in the brain, and whose levels in the brain are associated with several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, DA metabolism inhibitors have been used as therapeutic agents. Here, we report a (1)H NMR probe for the in situ analysis of DA metabolism, and its application to DA inhibitor screening. We designed doubly (13)C-labeled DA ((13)C(2)-DA) as the probe. The combination of the (13)C(2)-DA and (1)H-{(13)C-(13)C'} NMR technique allowed the selective and thus in situ monitoring of DA metabolism. Using (13)C(2)-DA, we successfully measured the efficacies of different inhibitors in a tissue sample, allowing us to improve the in situ inhibitory efficacy of the known DA metabolism inhibitor, clorgyline.
Design of MC1R Selective γ-MSH Analogues with Canonical Amino Acids Leads to Potency and Pigmentation (2017)

Melanoma is a lethal form of skin cancer. Skin pigmentation, which is regulated by the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), is an effective protection against melanoma. However, the endogenous MC1R agonists lack selectivity for the MC1R and thus can have side effects. The use of noncanonical amino acids in previous MC1R ligand development raises safety concerns. Here we report the development of the first potent and selective hMC1R agonist with only canonical amino acids. Using γ-MSH as a template, we developed a peptide, [Leu<sup>3</sup>, Leu<sup>7</sup>, Phe<sup>8</sup>]-γ-MSH-NH<sub>2</sub> (compound 5), which is 16-fold selective for the hMC1R (EC<sub>50</sub> = 4.5 nM) versus other melanocortin receptors. Conformational studies revealed a constrained conformation for this linear peptide. Molecular docking demonstrated a hydrophobic binding pocket for the melanocortin 1 receptor. In vivo pigmentation study shows high potency and short duration. [Leu<sup>3</sup>, Leu<sup>7</sup>, Phe<sup>8</sup>]-γ-MSH-NH<sub>2</sub> is ideal for inducing short-term skin pigmentation without sun for melanoma prevention.
Dye Sensitized Photo-oxidation of Diphenylamine (1974)

Abstract Evidence is presented to show that excited O2(1∑g+, 1Δg) is an intermediate in the dye (methylene blue, rose bengal, eosin) sensitized oxidation of diphenylamine which yeilds N-phenyl-p-benzoquinonimine. The relative rates in different solvents are reported and a mechanism is suggested.
Adenosine Receptor Activation in the “Trigger” Limb of Remote Pre-Conditioning Mediates Human Endothelial Conditioning and Release of Circulating Cardioprotective Factor(s) (2016)

Remote ischemic pre-conditioning (rIPC) has emerged as a potential mechanism to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury. Clinical data, however, have been mixed, and its physiological basis remains unclear, although it appears to involve release of circulating factor(s) and/or neural pathways. Here, the authors demonstrate that adenosine receptor activation is an important step in initiating human pre-conditioning; that pre-conditioning liberates circulating cardioprotective factor(s); and that exogenous adenosine infusion is able to recapitulate release of this factor. However, blockade of adenosine receptors in ischemic tissue does not block the protection afforded by pre-conditioning. These data have important implications for defining the physiology of human pre-conditioning and its translation to future clinical trials.
Stereo integration, mean field theory and psychophysics (1991)

We describe a theoretical formulation for stereo in terms of the Bayesian approach to vision and relates it to psychophysical experiments. The formulation enables us to integrate the depth information from different types of matching primitives, or from different vision modules. We solve the correspondence problem using compatibility constraints between features and prior assumptions on the interpolated surfaces that result from the matching. We use techniques from statistical physics to show how our theory relates to previous work. Finally we show that, by a suitable choice of prior assumptions about surfaces, the theory is consistent with some psychophysical experiments which investigate the relative importance of different matching primitives.
An evaluation of the substrate specificity, and of its modification by site-directed mutagenesis, of the cloned L-lactate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn evaluation of the substrate specificity, and of its modification by site-directed mutagenesis, of the cloned L-lactate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilusMarcel A. Luyten, Daniel Bur, Hla Wynn, Wendy Parris, Marvin Gold, James D. Friesen, and J. Bryan JonesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 17, 6800–6804Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00199a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00199a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds for the Task of Joint Estimation of Signal Initial Phase and AoA in Multi-Element Antenna Arrays (2023)

In this paper, we thoroughly investigate the task of joint estimation of signal initial phase and angle-of-arrive (AoA) in multi-element antenna arrays (AA). The accurate estimation of the initial phase of the signal with simultaneous estimation of the AoA is very important and highly relevant for solving mobile objects precise positioning in 5G systems. Analytical expressions for Cramer-Rao lower bounds for the estimated signal parameters under various a priori assumptions are found and effective estimation algorithm is proposed. It is shown that the accuracy of the initial phase estimate, if it is unknown, strongly depends on the choice of the antenna element in which it is estimated, and vice versa, when the initial phase of the signal is known a priori, the choice of the base element of the AA has a significant impact on the accuracy of estimating the signal AoA. The simulation results have shown that the mean square errors of the obtained estimates achieve the Cramer-Rao bounds when SNR exceeding defined threshold values.
Load-aware channel selection for 802.11 WLANs with limited measurement (2016)

It has been known that load unaware channel selection in 802.11 networks results in high level interference, and can significantly reduce the network throughput. In current implementation, the only way to determine the traffic load on a channel is to measure that channel for a certain duration of time. Therefore, in order to find the best channel with the minimum load all channels have to be measured, which is costly and can cause unacceptable communication interruptions between the AP and the stations. In this paper, we propose a learning based approach which aims to find the channel with the minimum load by measuring only limited number of channels. Our method uses Gaussian Process Regressing to accurately track the traffic load on each channel based on the previous measured load. We confirm the performance of our algorithm by using experimental data, and show that the time consumed for the load measurement can be reduced up to 46% compared to the case where all channels are monitored.
Synthesis of isomorphically substituted Ru manganese molecular sieves and their catalytic properties for selective alcohol oxidation (2020)

Ruthenium has been incorporated into the framework of the cryptomelane type manganese oxide K-OMS-2 ([Ru]-K-OMS2). Accordingly, Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffractogram has allowed to estimate changes in the values of cell parameters.
Joint dereverberation and noise reduction using a two-stage beamforming approach (2011)

In this paper a two-stage beamforming approach is presented for dereverberation and noise reduction. The first stage comprises a delay-and-sum (DS) beamformer that generates a reference signal that contains a spatially filtered version of the desired speech and interference. In general, the desired speech component at the output of the DS beamformer contains less reverberation compared to reverberant speech signal received at the microphones. The second stage uses the filtered microphone signals and the noisy reference signal to estimate the desired speech component at the output of the DS beamformer. A major advantage over classical approaches is that the proposed approach is able to dereverberate the received desired signal with very low speech distortion. The dereverberation and noise reduction performance is evaluated for a circular microphone array.
One-dimensional ghost imaging with an electron microscope: a route towards ghost imaging with inelastically scattered electrons (2021)

In quantum mechanics, entanglement and correlations are not sporadic curiosities but ubiquitous phenomena that are at the basis of interacting quantum systems. In electron microscopy, such concepts have not yet been explored extensively. For example, inelastic scattering can be reanalyzed in terms of correlations between an electron beam and a sample. Whereas classical inelastic scattering results in a loss of coherence in the electron beam, a joint measurement performed on both the electron beam and the sample excitation could restore the coherence and “lost information.” Here, we propose to exploit joint measurement in electron microscopy to achieve a counterintuitive application of the concept of ghost imaging, which was first proposed in quantum photonics. The same approach can be applied partially in electron microscopy by performing a joint measurement between a portion of the transmitted electron beam and a photon emitted from the sample, which arrives at a bucket detector, thereby allowing the formation of a one-dimensional virtual image of an object that has not interacted directly with the electron beam. The technique is of particular interest for low-dose imaging of electron-beam-sensitive materials using a minimal radiation dose, as the object interacts with other forms of waves, such as photons or surface plasmon polaritons, rather than with the electron beam itself. We provide a theoretical description of the concept for inelastic electron-sample interactions, in which an electron excites a single quantum of a collective mode, such as a photon, a plasmon, a phonon, a magnon or any optical polariton. The excited collective mode remains correlated with the interacting electron. In optical ghost imaging, spatially-entangled photon pairs or classically-correlated photons are used to extract information (such as phase, transmission and birefringence) from an object through a joint measurement. In electron microscopy, a similar approach can be applied to highly correlated systems, such as electron-surface plasmon polaritons, to obtain additional information about the sample. In addition to applications in materials science, the approach can be used to shape electron wavefunctions by post-selecting a particular correlated collective mode. As long as the generated collective mode states are not determined, the quantum state of the electron beam is a maximally mixed state. The approach could be used to broaden the range of applications of electron microscopy, as it enables a sample to be imaged with the “eyes” of a different probe, e.g., a plasmon polariton that originates in the material. In a broader sense, aside from achieving ghost or interaction-free imaging, the possibility to exploit quantum coherent effects is important for developing quantum imaging techniques in electron microscopy.
Updated results of the selective Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor TG-1701, as monotherapy and in combination with ublituximab and umbralisib (U2) in patients (pts) with B-cell malignancies. (2021)

7525 Background: TG-1701 is a selective, covalent BTK inhibitor administered once daily (QD). Both the “U2” combination (anti-CD20 mAb ublituximab + the PI3Kδ-CK1ε inhibitor umbralisib) and BTK inhibition are highly active in treatment-naïve (TN) and relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL, each having previously demonstrated superiority over standard chemoimmunotherapy. Here we report the results of the dose escalation of TG-1701 monotherapy and TG-1701+U2. Methods: Pts with R/R CLL and lymphoma were enrolled in a Ph 1 study initially evaluating dose escalation (DE) of oral TG-1701 QD continuously administered in 28-day cycles (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg). After characterizing the safety profile of TG-1701 monotherapy, we implemented a parallel DE arm of TG-1701+U2. Select dose levels of TG-1701 monotherapy were expanded in CLL, MCL and Waldenström's (WM). All pts were treated until disease progression. The primary objectives are to characterize the safety profile and define the recommended Ph 2 doses for the drugs alone and in combination. Results: As of 03 February 2021, 123 pts were treated with TG-1701: 25 in the monotherapy DE arm, 61 in the 200 mg disease-specific cohorts (20 CLL [5 TN], 21 MCL [4 TN], 20 WM [8 TN]), 20 in the 300 mg CLL cohort (4 TN), and 17 in the 1701+U2 DE arm. The median # of prior therapies was 1 (range, 1 - 10). All pts were BTKi-naïve. All 123 pts were evaluable for safety. TG-1701 was well tolerated and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for monotherapy was not reached at 400 mg (demonstrating near 100% saturation of the BTK at all dose levels studied). Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) of clinical interest included atrial fibrillation (AF 4.0% of pts, G ≥3 in 1 case), G ≥3 hypertension (2.4%), and bleeding events (18.7%, all G1-2). No cases of ventricular tachyarrhythmia were reported. TEAEs leading to TG-1701 dose reduction occurred in 6.5% of pts. TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation occurred in 1.6% of pts (AF, COVID-19). At the data cut-off, 119 pts were evaluable for response, including 40 in DE (Table). The median duration of response has not been reached among responders overall. The median follow-up (mFU range) was 15.9 mos (1.3 - 28.6+) in DE and 8.5 mos (1.4 -15.6+) in disease-specific cohorts. Conclusions: TG-1701 exhibits an encouraging safety and efficacy profile. The combination of 1701+U2 has been well tolerated and dose escalation continues. The combination shows enhanced depth of response over TG-1701 monotherapy. Recruitment to this study continues. Response per investigator review by treatment group. Clinical trial information: NCT03671590. [Table: see text]
In the quest of efficient hardware implementations of dynamic neural fields: An experimental study on the influence of the kernel shape (2016)

Dynamic neural field (DNF) is a popular mesoscopic model for cortical column interactions. It is widely studied analytically and successfully applied to physiological modelling, bioinspired computation and robotics. DNF behavior emerges from distributed and decentralized interactions between computing units which makes it an interesting candidate as a cellular building-block for unconventional computations. That is why we are studying the hardware implementation of DNF on digital substratum (eg. FPGA). As shown in previous papers, this implementation requires several modifications to the equations in order to obtain decent hardware surface utilisation and clock speed. Here we show that the modification of the lateral weights kernel function is possible as long as certain conditions, enumerated in Amari's seminal work are respected. Thank to metaheuristic optimisation it is possible to find the right parameters for two behavioral scenarii of bio-inspired computation interest. We show that the two most hardware-friendly kernels (difference of linear functions and piece-wise function) are as easy to tune as the traditional Mexican hat kernel. However the difference of exponential kernel is more difficult to tune.
Engineering botulinum neurotoxin domains for activation by toxin light chain (2011)

Targeted secretion inhibitors (TSI) are a new class of biopharmaceuticals designed from a botulinum neurotoxin protein scaffold. The backbone consists of the 50-kDa endopeptidase light chain and translocation domain (N-terminal portion of the heavy chain), lacks neuronal toxicity, but retains the ability to target cytoplasmic soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins. TSI are produced as single-chain proteins and then cleaved post-translationally to generate functional heterodimers. Precise proteolytic cleavage is essential to activate the protein to a dichain form. TSI are themselves highly specific proteases. We have exploited this activity to create self-activating enzymes by replacing the native proteolytic site with a substrate SNARE peptide for the TSI protease. We have also created cross-activating backbones. By replacing the proteolytic activation site in one backbone with the substrate SNARE peptide for another serotype, controlled activation is achieved. SNARE peptides encompassing the whole of the coiled-coil region enabled complete activation and assembly of the dichain backbone. These engineered TSI backbones are capable of translocating their enzymatic domains to target intracellular SNARE proteins. They are also investigative tools with which to further the understanding of endopeptidase activity of light chain in SNARE interactions.
A Mild, Chemoselective Protocol for the Removal of Thioketals and Thioacetals Mediated by Dess−Martin Periodinane (2003)

[reaction: see text] This paper describes the development of a useful procedure for the removal of thioacetals and thioketals using Dess-Martin periodinane (DMP) reagent. In contrast to existing methods, this protocol offers general reactivity, compatibility with a wide range of functional groups, and convenient reaction times. Also discussed are chemoselectivity experiments involving functionalities that may be subject to oxidation by DMP, qualitative effects of substrate on hydrolysis rate, and direct thioacetal to acetal conversions.