gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mode-resolved gain analysis and lasing in multi-supermode multi-core fiber laser (2014)

Multi-core fibers (MCFs) with coupled-cores are attractive large-mode area (LMA) specialty fiber designs that support the propagation of a few transverse modes often called supermodes (SMs). Compared to other LMA fibers, the uniqueness of MCF arises from the higher degrees of design space offered by a multitude of core-array geometries, resulting in extended flexibility to tailor SM properties. To date, the use of MCF as gain media has focused on lasers that operate in only one selected SM, typically the lowest order in-phase SM, which considerably limited the potential of these multi-core structures. Here, we expand the potential of MCF lasers by investigating multi-SM amplification and lasing schemes. Amplifier and laser systems using a 7 coupled-cores Yb-doped MCF as gain medium were successfully designed and assembled. Individual SM could be decomposed using the correlation filter technique mode analysis and the modal amplification factors (γi) were recorded. With access to amplification characteristics of individual transverse modes, a monolithic MCF laser was demonstrated that operates simultaneously on the two SMs carrying the highest optical gain.
High-throughput tri-colour flow cytometry technique to assess Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in bioassays (2014)

An improved methodology for high-throughput assessment of P. falciparum parasitaemia under culture conditions that could be useful in different bioassays, including ADCI and growth inhibition assays has been developed.
Side Effects of Water-Soluble Contrast Agents in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract (1990)

GMEINWIESER, J. MD*; ERHARDT, W. MD†; REIMANN, H. J. MD†; BABIC, R. MD‡; SPECK, U. PHD§; WENZEL-HORA, B. MD§ Author Information
Phase effects in non-linear optical sampling (2003)

Summary form only given. Temporal pulse characterization is gaining increased attention as bit rates become higher and data pulses become shorter. For short pulses (in the 10 ps range), direct photodetection with high speed detectors suffers from limited bandwidth. To circumvent this problem, non-linear optical sampling can be implemented via interferometric cross-correlations of the data pulses with much shorter sampling pulses by sum-frequency generation or two-photon photocurrent. We demonstrate the significance of phase effects in non-linear sampling, particularly for real-time diagnostics.
Supplementary Table 1 from Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Disrupts Tumor-Associated Vasculature in Humans (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 PDF file - 30K, Rabbit GLP toxicology study of intravenous JX-594&lt;/p&gt;
A New Radical Vinylation Reaction of Iodides and Dithiocarbonates (1999)

Heavy metals can be avoided with a new radical equivalent of the Heck reaction for aliphatic derivatives in which iodide and dithiocarbonate substituents are replaced by substituted vinyl groups [Eq. (1)]. The reaction enables the introduction of vinyl fragments into a variety of functionalized substrates.
Frequency-dependent antidromic activation in thalamocortical relay neurons: effects of synaptic inputs (2018)

The results reveal that synaptic inputs, stimulus frequency, and electrode position regulate antidromic activation of the cell body during extracellular stimulation. These findings provide a biophysical basis for interpreting the widespread inhibition/activation of target nuclei during DBS.
Cellular uptake and efflux and cytostatic activity of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin in adriamycin-sensitive and resistant tumor cell lines. (1984)

Cellular uptake and cytostatic activity of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in various sublines resistant to anthracycline antibiotics of mouse lymphoblastoma L5178Y, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and mouse leukemia P388 cells were studied. All the sublines resistant to adriamycin (ADR) showed slightly decreased uptake of THP as compared with each sensitive lines, but THP was still taken up much more quickly than ADR by each of the ADR-resistant cell lines. Efflux of both anthracycline glycosides from the ADR-resistant P388 cells was faster than that from the ADR-sensitive P388 cells. The percentage of THP retained at equilibrium was higher than that of ADR in both ADR-resistant and -sensitive P388 cells. Cytotoxicity of THP to ADR-resistant cell lines was considerably lower compared with that for each of the sensitive lines but THP inhibited growth of ADR-resistant tumor cells at a concentration about 10 times lower than that for ADR. Thus THP was taken up more quickly, effluxed more slowly than ADR from the ADR-resistant cells, and showed stronger cytostatic activity than ADR on the cells.
Unexpected stimulatory effect of progesterone on human myometrial contractile activity in vitro. (1993)

When the myometrium is not deprived of progesterone, this hormone may have excitatory effects on the frequency of contractions and tonus of the lower uterine segment of term human myometrium.
Analyzing Femorotibial Cartilage Thickness Using Anatomically Standardized Maps: Reproducibility and Reference Data (2021)

Alterations in cartilage thickness (CTh) are a hallmark of knee osteoarthritis, which remain difficult to characterize at high resolution, even with modern magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to a paucity of standardization tools. This study aimed to assess a computational anatomy method producing standardized two-dimensional femorotibial CTh maps. The method was assessed with twenty knees, processed following three common experimental scenarios. Cartilage thickness maps were obtained for the femorotibial cartilages by reconstructing bone and cartilage mesh models in tree-dimension, calculating three-dimensional CTh maps, and anatomically standardizing the maps. The intra-operator accuracy (median (interquartile range, IQR) of -0.006 (0.045) mm), precision (0.152 (0.070) mm), entropy (7.02 (0.71) and agreement (0.975 (0.020))) results suggested that the method is adequate to capture the spatial variations in CTh and compare knees at varying osteoarthritis stages. The lower inter-operator precision (0.496 (0.132) mm) and agreement (0.808 (0.108)) indicate a possible loss of sensitivity to detect differences in a setting with multiple operators. The results confirmed the promising potential of anatomically standardized maps, with the lower inter-operator reproducibility stressing the need to coordinate operators. This study also provided essential reference data and indications for future research using CTh maps.
Modeling the Structural-Thermal-Electrical Coupling in an Electrostatically Actuated MEMS Switch and Its Impact on the Switch Stability (2013)

Modeling and analysis for the static behavior and collapse instabilities of a MEMS cantilever switch subjected to both electrical and thermal loadings are presented. The thermal loading forces can be as a result of a huge amount of switching contact of the microswitch. The model considers the microbeam as a continuous medium and the electric force as a nonlinear function of displacement and accounts for its fringing-field effect. The electric force is assumed to be distributed over specific lengths underneath the microbeam. A boundary-value solver is used to study the collapse instability, which brings the microbeam from its unstuck configuration to touch the substrate and gets stuck in the so-called pinned configuration. We have found negligible influence of the temperature on the static stability of the switch. We then investigate the effect of the thermal heating due to the current flow on the cantilever switch while it is in the on position (adhered position). We also found slight effect on the static stability of the switch.
Preforming ions in solution via charge-transfer complexation for analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreforming ions in solution via charge-transfer complexation for analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometryGary J. Van Berkel, Scott A. McLuckey, and Gary L. GlishCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 18, 2064–2068Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00018a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00018a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diversity of antigenic mutants of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus escaped from human monoclonal antibodies (2017)

Since the 2017 Southern Hemisphere influenza season, the A(H1N1)pdm09-like virus recommended for use in the vaccine was changed because human, but not ferret, sera distinguish A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses isolated after 2013 from the previously circulating strains. An amino acid substitution, lysine to glutamine, at position 166 (H3 numbering) in the major antigenic site of HA was reported to be responsible for the antigenic drift. Here, we obtained two anti-A(H1N1)pdm09 HA monoclonal antibodies that failed to neutralize viruses isolated after 2013 from a vaccinated volunteer. Escape mutations were identified at position 129, 165, or 166 in the major antigenic site of HA. Competitive growth of the escape mutant viruses with the wild-type virus revealed that some escape mutants possessing an amino acid substitution other than K166Q showed superior growth to that of the wild-type virus. These results suggest that in addition to the K166Q mutation that occurred in epidemic strains, other HA mutations can confer resistance to antibodies that recognize the K166 area, leading to emergence of epidemic strains with such mutations.
Nimbolide targets BCL2 and induces apoptosis in preclinical models of Waldenströms macroglobulinemia (2014)

Neem leaf extract (NLE) has medicinal properties, which have been attributed to its limonoid content. We identified the NLE tetranorterpenoid, nimbolide, as being the key limonoid responsible for the cytotoxicity of NLE in various preclinical models of human B-lymphocyte cancer. Of the models tested, Waldenströms macroglobulinemia (WM) cells were most sensitive to nimbolide, undergoing significant mitochondrial mediated apoptosis. Notably, nimbolide toxicity was also observed in drug-resistant (bortezomib or ibrutinib) WM cells. To identify putative targets of nimbolide, relevant in WM, we used chemoinformatics-based approaches comprised of virtual in silico screening, molecular modeling and target-ligand reverse docking. In silico analysis revealed the antiapoptotic protein BCL2 was the preferential binding partner of nimbolide. The significance of this finding was further tested in vitro in RS4;11 (BCL2-dependent) tumor cells, in which nimbolide induced significantly more apoptosis compared with BCL2 mutated (Jurkat BCL2(Ser70-Ala)) cells. Lastly, intraperitoneal administration of nimbolide in WM tumor xenografted mice, significantly reduced tumor growth and IgM secretion in vivo, while modulating the expression of several proteins as seen on immunohistochemistry. Overall, our data demonstrate that nimbolide is highly active in WM cells, as well as other B-cell cancers, and engages BCL2 to exert its cytotoxic activity.
Calibration of a phase-only spatial light modulator for both phase and retardance modulation (2019)

Liquid crystal spatial light modulators (SLMs) are usually configured and calibrated for phase modulation. However, as they are variable retarders, they also have application as polarization modulators. We show that conventional phase-only calibrations are insufficient for this purpose, and a separate retardance calibration is needed. To overcome this shortcoming we report a simple Twyman-Green interferometer-based setup to realize SLM phase and retardance calibration. For phase calibration, we identify the non-linear, spatially variant response to the drive voltage of the SLM using fringe analysis and both horizontally and vertically polarized incident light. For retardance calibration, we use incident light polarized at 45° and assess the intensity variation. The methods presented are compatible with in situ calibration of SLMs.
Harnessing cell-material interactions to control stem cell secretion for osteoarthritis treatment (2023)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common debilitating joint disease, yet there is no curative treatment for OA to date. Delivering mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as therapeutic cells to mitigate the inflammatory symptoms associated with OA is attracting increasing attention. In principle, MSCs could respond to the pro-inflammatory microenvironment of an OA joint by the secretion of anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative factors, therefore limiting pain, as well as the disease development. However, the microenvironment of MSCs is known to greatly affect their survival and bioactivity, and using tailored biomaterial scaffolds could be key to the success of intra-articular MSC-based therapies. The aim of this review is to identify and discuss essential characteristics of biomaterial scaffolds to best promote MSC secretory functions in the context of OA. First, a brief introduction to the OA physiopathology is provided, followed by an overview of the MSC secretory functions, as well as the current limitations of MSC-based therapy. Then, we review the current knowledge on the effects of cell-material interactions on MSC secretion. These considerations allow us to define rational guidelines for next-generation biomaterial design to improve the MSC-based therapy of OA.
Glucagon and choleragen stimulation of glycogenolysis in primary cultures of adult rat liver parenchymal cells: Lack of involvement of the glucocorticoids (1982)

Abstract The influence of glucagon, choleragen, and the adrenal glucocorticoids on glycogenolysis in primary cultures of adult rat liver parenchymal cells has been studied. Both glucagon and choleragen caused a twofold to threefold stimulation of glucose production from endogenous reserves of glycogen. The effect of glucagon on glucose production was noted at the earliest time point examined and the stimulation of glucose production was preceded by an elevation of cyclic AMP. Choleragen did not produce a significant stimulation of glucose production until 45 minutes after addition of the agent. Choleragen effects on glucose production were preceded by an elevation of cyclic AMP, but in contrast with glucagon, choleragen did not significantly elevate cyclic AMP until 30 minutes after addition to the culture. One ng of choleragen per ml of medium was sufficient to produce an effect on glucose production. Glucagon‐ or choleragen‐treated cultures mobilized glycogen more rapidly than did untreated cultures incubated in glucose‐free medium. In addition, both agents produced a stong inhibition of lactate production. Thus, the stimulation of glucose production by these agents was partially due to increased glycogen mobilization and partially due to redirection of carbon units from glycolysis. That glucose production in the hepatocytes is regulated in part by a cyclic AMP‐dependent mechanism is strongly supported by the observation that both agents elevate cyclic AMP and cause an increase in glucose production and inhibition of lactate production. The possibility that the glucocorticoids participated in the regulation of glycogenolysis either in a direct or indirect (permissive) fashion was assessed. It was found that when the direct effect of the glucocorticoids on glycogenesis was taken into account, the glucocorticoids had no direct effects on glycogenolysis, nor did they alter the stimulation of glycogenolysis by glucagon or choleragen.
New radiation resistant scintillator LFS-3 for electromagnetic calorimeters (2013)

The results of the study of optical and luminescence characteristics of new LFS-3 heavy scintillation crystals are presented. Advantages of these crystals in comparison with conventional scintillators are discussed. The radiation resistance of LFS-3 scintillation crystals is studied using an intense 60Co radioactive source and a proton beam with an energy of 155 MeV. No changes in the optical transmission of LFS-3 crystals after their irradiation with a dose of 23 Mrad are detected.
Activating Transcription Factor-2 Mediates Transcriptional Regulation of Gluconeogenic Gene PEPCK by Retinoic Acid (2002)

All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) is known to increase the rate of transcription of the PEPCK gene upon engagement of the RA receptor (RAR). RA also mediates induction of specific gene transcription via several signaling pathways as a nongenomic effect. Here we show that RA upregulation of PEPCK promoter activity requires the cAMP response element (CRE)-1 in addition to the RA-response element and that activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2) binds the CRE element to mediate this effect. Furthermore, we show that RA treatment potentiates ATF-2-dependent transactivation by inducing specific phosphorylation of ATF-2 by p38β kinase. ATF-2 activation by RA blocked the inhibitory intramolecular interaction of ATF-2 amino and carboxyl terminal domains in a p38β kinase-dependent manner. Consistent with these results, RA treatment increased the DNA binding activity of ATF-2 on the PEPCK CRE-1 sequence. Taken together, the data suggest that RA activates the p38β kinase pathway leading to phosphorylation and activation of ATF-2, thereby enhancing PEPCK gene transcription and glucose production.
CXCR-4 expression by circulating endothelial progenitor cells and SDF-1 serum levels are elevated in septic patients (2018)

Our data suggest that SDF-1α and CXCR-4 signaling could play a crucial role in EPC homing in the course of sepsis.
Targeted disruption of glycerol kinase gene in mice: expression analysis in liver shows alterations in network partners related to glycerol kinase activity (2005)

Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism with metabolic and neurological crises. Liver shows the highest level of glycerol kinase (GK) activity in humans and mice. Absence of genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with GKD indicates the involvement of modifier genes, including other network partners. To understand the molecular pathogenesis of GKD, we performed microarray analysis on liver mRNA from neonatal glycerol kinase (Gyk) knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Unsupervised learning revealed that the overall gene expression profile of the KO mice was different from that of WT. Real-time PCR confirmed the differences for selected genes. Functional gene enrichment analysis was used to find 56 increased and 37 decreased gene functional categories. PathwayAssist analysis identified changes in gene expression levels of genes involved in organic acid metabolism indicating that GK was part of the same metabolic network which correlates well with the patients with GKD having metabolic acidemia during their episodic crises. Network component analysis (NCA) showed that transcription factors sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 alpha (HNF-4alpha) and peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) had increased activity in the Gyk KO mice compared with WT mice, whereas SREBP-2 was less active in the Gyk KO mice. These studies show that Gyk deletion causes alterations in expression of genes in several regulatory networks and is the first time NCA has been used to expand on microarray data from a mouse KO model of a human disease.
Cross-zone and extreme-aware mobility learning of crowd interactions with built environments (2022)

We propose an Adaptive Crowd mobility analytics system based on Cross-zone Interactive learning (ACroCI) to capture, interpret, and forecast how the mobility of human crowds interacts with built or man-made environments (e.g., building functions, event occurrences, and changes in the crowd sensing infrastructures). We have conducted a large-scale real-world case study of ACroCI by leveraging the collective and anonymized association data harvested from the campus Wi-Fi access points (APs), to understand how the interactions affect the forecast of crowdflows. We have analyzed the large-scale Wi-Fi association data and derived adaptive learning and data-driven designs on important crowd mobility features like multi-level co-flows and local-global cross-zone interactions. ACroCI accounts for these interactive features and adaptively learns the multi-scale crowd distributions with a novel capsule neural network augmented by interactive attention routing, and accurately predicts the arrivals at, and departures from, each AP. Strengthened by multi-task extreme-aware learning and efficient data imputation, ACroCI further adapts to extremeflows when the crowds interact with events, and initializes its model for altered APs. Our extensive experimental evaluations with >4.8 × 107 association data from two large universities have corroborated the accuracy, adaptivity, robustness, and effectiveness of ACroCI in forecasting the crowd interactions with the man-made environments (in terms of crowd flows), achieving a >20% accuracy improvement over the other state-of-the-arts.
Offset rejection for PLL based synchronization in grid-connected converters (2008)

Grid-connected converters rely on fast and accurate detection of the phase angle, amplitude and frequency of the utility voltage to guarantee the correct generation of the reference signals. An important issue associated with accurate grid voltage monitoring is the presence of an offset in the measured grid voltage. This voltage offset is typically introduced by the measurements and data conversion processes and causes errors for the estimated parameters of the grid voltage. Accordingly, this paper presents an offset rejection method for grid-connected converters based on a phase-locked-loop (PLL) technique. The offset rejection method relies on the second order generalized integrator (SOGI) having the advantages of a simple implementation independent of the grid frequency and avoidance of filtering delays due to its resonance at the fundamental frequency. Selected experimental results validate the performance and robustness of the proposed offset rejection method.