gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can MRI detect pulmonary hypertension in a population pre-selected by echocardiography? (2017)

Background The place of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains controversial. Several studies proposed to use MRI to assess pulmonary pressure but the level of proof is low. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic power of cardiac MRI within a non-selected population of patients suspected of PH after an echocardiography. Material and Methods Fifty-six consecutive patients, suspected of PH after an echocardiography, were assessed with right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI (including a high temporal resolution pulmonary flow curve). We extracted from the MRI data the main parameters proposed by all precedent studies available in the literature. We looked for multivariate linear relations between those parameters and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), and eventually assessed with a logit regression the ability of those parameters to diagnose PH in our population. Results The multivariate model retained only two parameters: the right ventricle ejection fraction and the pulmonary trunk minimum area. The prediction of mPAP (r<sup>2 </sup>= 0.5) yielded limits of agreement of 15 mmHg. However, the prediction of PH within the population was feasible and the method yielded a specificity of 80% for a sensitivity of 100%. Conclusion The performance of MRI to assess mPAP is too low to be used as a replacement for right heart catheterization but MRI could be used as second line examination after echocardiography to avoid right heart catheterization for normal patients.
A silver–iodine chain complex:catena-poly[anilinium [silver(I)-di-μ-iodo]], {[PhNH3][AgI2]}n (2003)

The title compound, {(C6H8N)[AgI2]}n, is the anilinium salt of an iodo–silver complex anion containing infinite [AgI2]nn− chains.
Large Single Crystals of V1–xMoxO2 from a Two-Step Chemical Vapor Transport Synthesis (2020)

Single crystals of molybdenum doped VO2 with the formula V1–xMoxO2 have been successfully synthesized with molybdenum compositions up to x = 0.60. These crystals were obtained using a novel, two-step chemical vapor transport (CVT) synthesis. The first CVT reaction uses a stoichiometric amount of VO2, V2O3, MoO2, and MoO3 with MoCl3 as a transport agent to produce a largely polycrystalline, single phase V1–xMoxO2 product. This product can then be pulverized and used in a second CVT reaction with TeCl4 as a transport agent to produce large single crystals. This two-step synthetic method results in larger single crystals with a higher degree of compositional control compared to any single step CVT syntheses attempted, as well as allowing for an increase in dopant range compared to what had previously been achieved for this dopant system. Crystals obtained from this synthetic method are ideal for physical property measurements and diffuse scattering experiments which require large samples to be able to properly mount the samples and obtain useful data.
Polar effects in free radical reactions. Homolytic aromatic amination by the amino radical cation, .cntdot.+NH3: reactivity and selectivity (1984)

Small amts. of Fe(II) salt initiate redox chains with H2NOSO3H and arom. compds., leading to the amination of the arom. ring. The positional and substrate selectivities with a variety of substituted benzenes show the important role of the electrophilic character of •+NH3. Hammett relations with σ and σ+ are roughly obsd. The lower sensitivity to polar effects of •+NH3, compared with Me2NH+• is explained by the different reaction enthalpies. The different positional selectivity obtained with anisole and the redox system +NH3OH/Ti(III) is discussed
Hybrid Memory Architecture of PCM and NAND Flash Memories for Enterprise Storage (2012)

SSDs and emerging storage class non-volatile semiconductor memories (SCM) such as PCRAM, FeRAM, ReRAM and MRAM have enabled innovations in various nano-scale VLSI memory systems for personal computers, multimedia applications and enterprise servers [1]. This paper provides a comprehensive review on state-of-the-art data management technologies of storage class memory and NAND flash memory hybrid solid-state drives (SSDs). A 3D through-silicon-via (TSV)-integrated hybrid PCM/multi-level-cell (MLC) NAND solid-state drives’ (SSDs’) architecture is proposed for PC, server and smart phone applications [1]. NAND-like interface (I/F) and sector-access overwrite policy are proposed for PCM. Furthermore, intelligent data management algorithms are proposed. The proposed algorithms suppress data fragmentation and excess usage of the MLC NAND by storing hot data in the PCM. As a result, 11 times performance increase, 6.9 times endurance enhancement and 93% write energy reduction are achieved compared with the conventional MLC NAND SSD. Both PCM write and read latency should be less than 3us to obtain these improvements. The required endurance for PCM is 10k cycles. 3D TSV interconnects reduce the energy consumption by 68%.
Trajectory optimization of pneumatically actuated, redundant continuum manipulators (2014)

For the planning of time-critical paths for redundant continuum manipulators, dynamic input constraints such as the maximum air mass flow on the pressure dynamics of a pneumatically actuated system have a significant impact on the transition time. This paper presents a trajectory generation framework by using optimal control strategies that consider not only the mechanical dynamics, but also the pressure dynamics of a pneumatically actuated system. For the formulation of the optimal control problem, a decoupled dynamic model of the actuators and their pressure dynamics including a maximal mass flow estimation is used. The kinematic model of the manipulator is based on the constant curvature approach. The nonlinear optimal control problem with dynamic input constraints is discretized and solved numerically. Optimization results from an example manipulator show a significant reduction of the transition time, compared to simple distance-based optimizations.
Methods Employing Natural Electrical Sources (1990)

This is the completely revised and updated version of the popular and highly regarded textbook, Applied Geophysics. It describes the physical methods involved in exploration for hydrocarbons and minerals, which include gravity, magnetic, seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, radioactivity, and well-logging methods. All aspects of these methods are described, including basic theory, field equipment, techniques of data acquisition, data processing and interpretation, with the objective of locating commercial deposits of minerals, oil, and gas and determining their extent. In the fourteen years or so since the first edition of Applied Geophysics, many changes have taken place in this field, mainly as the result of new techniques, better instrumentation, and increased use of computers in the field and in the interpretation of data. The authors describe these changes in considerable detail, including improved methods of solving the inverse problem, specialized seismic methods, magnetotellurics as a practical exploration method, time-domain electromagnetic methods, increased use of gamma-ray spectrometers, and improved well-logging methods and interpretation.
Investigation of the Genetics and Biochemistry of Roseobacticide Production in the Roseobacter Clade Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens (2016)

Roseobacterclade bacteria are abundant in surface waters and are among the most metabolically diverse and ecologically significant species. This group includes opportunistic symbionts that associate with micro- and macroalgae. We have proposed that one representative member,Phaeobacter inhibens, engages in a dynamic symbiosis with the microalgaEmiliania huxleyi In one phase, mutualistically beneficial molecules are exchanged, including theRoseobacter-produced antibiotic tropodithietic acid (TDA), which is thought to protect the symbiotic interaction. In an alternative parasitic phase, triggered by algal senescence, the bacteria produce potent algaecides, the roseobacticides, which kill the algal host. Here, we employed genetic and biochemical screens to identify the roseobacticide biosynthetic gene cluster. By using a transposon mutagenesis approach, we found that genes required for TDA synthesis-thetdaoperon andpaacatabolon-are also necessary for roseobacticide production. Thus, in contrast to the one-cluster-one-compound paradigm, thetdagene cluster can generate two sets of molecules with distinct structures and bioactivities. We further show that roseobacticide production is quorum sensing regulated via anN-acyl homoserine lactone signal (3-OH-C10-HSL). To ensure tight regulation of algaecide production, and thus of a lifestyle switch from mutualism to parasitism, roseobacticide biosynthesis necessitates the presence of both an algal senescence molecule and a quorum sensing signal.IMPORTANCEMarineRoseobacterspecies are abundant in the oceans and engage in symbiotic interactions with microscopic algae. One member,P. inhibens, produces the antibiotic TDA and a growth hormone thought to protect and promote algal growth. However, in the presence of molecules released by senescing algae, the bacteria produce potent algaecides, the roseobacticides, which kill the host. We examined the regulatory networks and biosynthetic genes required for roseobacticide production. We found thatP. inhibensuses largely the same set of genes for production of both TDA and roseobacticides, thus providing a rare case in which one gene cluster synthesizes two structurally and functionally distinct molecules. Moreover, we found roseobacticide production to be regulated by quorum sensing. Thus, two small molecules, the algal metabolite and the quorum-sensing signal, ensure tight control in the production of roseobacticides. These results highlight the role of small molecules in regulating microbial symbioses.
Proteolytic degradation of mucus in the colon (1987)

Conference Article| December 01 1987 Proteolytic degradation of mucus in the colon DAVID A. HUTTON; DAVID A. HUTTON 1Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ADRIAN ALLEN; ADRIAN ALLEN 1Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar WILLIAM J. CUNLIFFE; WILLIAM J. CUNLIFFE 1Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JEFFREY P. PEARSON JEFFREY P. PEARSON 1Department of Physiological Sciences, Medical School University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: April 01 1987 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (6): 1074. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0151074 Article history Received: April 01 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID A. HUTTON, ADRIAN ALLEN, WILLIAM J. CUNLIFFE, JEFFREY P. PEARSON; Proteolytic degradation of mucus in the colon. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1987; 15 (6): 1074. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0151074 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: PMSF, phenylmethyl sulphonyl fluoride This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Public Physical Unclonable Functions (2014)

A physical unclonable function (PUF) is an integrated circuit (IC) that serves as a hardware security primitive due to its complexity and the unpredictability between its outputs and the applied inputs. PUFs have received a great deal of research interest and significant commercial activity. Public PUFs (PPUFs) address the crucial PUF limitation of being a secret-key technology. To some extent, the first generation of PPUFs are similar to SIMulation Possible, but Laborious (SIMPL) systems and one-time hardware pads, and employ the time gap between direct execution and simulation. The second PPUF generation employs both process variation and device aging which results in matched devices that are excessively difficult to replicate. The third generation leaves the analog domain and employs reconfigurability and device aging to produce digital PPUFs. We survey representative PPUF architectures, related public protocols and trusted information flows, and related testing issues. We conclude by identifying the most important, challenging, and open PPUF-related problems.
Dielectric metasurfaces and metasystems (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Flat optical devices based on metasurfaces composed of sub-wavelength high index dielectric structures, promise to revolutionize the field of free-space optics. I discuss our work on optical systems composed of several metasurfaces like camera lenses, tunable lens systems actuated via micro-electro-mechanics, and on-chip spectrometers.
Automatic Detection and Segmentation of Lymph Nodes From CT Data (2011)

Lymph nodes are assessed routinely in clinical practice and their size is followed throughout radiation or chemotherapy to monitor the effectiveness of cancer treatment. This paper presents a robust learning-based method for automatic detection and segmentation of solid lymph nodes from CT data, with the following contributions. First, it presents a learning based approach to solid lymph node detection that relies on marginal space learning to achieve great speedup with virtually no loss in accuracy. Second, it presents a computationally efficient segmentation method for solid lymph nodes (LN). Third, it introduces two new sets of features that are effective for LN detection, one that self-aligns to high gradients and another set obtained from the segmentation result. The method is evaluated for axillary LN detection on 131 volumes containing 371 LN, yielding a 83.0% detection rate with 1.0 false positive per volume. It is further evaluated for pelvic and abdominal LN detection on 54 volumes containing 569 LN, yielding a 80.0% detection rate with 3.2 false positives per volume. The running time is 5-20 s per volume for axillary areas and 15-40 s for pelvic. An added benefit of the method is the capability to detect and segment conglomerated lymph nodes.
Substitution of warthog NF-κB motifs into RELA of domestic pigs is not sufficient to confer resilience to African swine fever virus (2020)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal, haemorrhagic disease in domestic swine that threatens pig production across the globe. Unlike domestic pigs, warthogs, which are wildlife hosts of the virus, do not succumb to the lethal effects of infection. There are three amino acid differences between the sequence of the warthog and domestic pig RELA protein; a subunit of the NF-κB transcription factor that plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infections. Domestic pigs with all 3 or 2 of the amino acids from the warthog RELA orthologue have been generated by gene editing. To assess if these variations confer resilience to ASF we established an intranasal challenge model with a moderately virulent ASFV. No difference in clinical, virological or pathological parameters were observed in domestic pigs with the 2 amino acid substitution. Domestic pigs with all 3 amino acids found in warthog RELA were not resilient to ASF but a delay in onset of clinical signs and less viral DNA in blood samples and nasal secretions was observed in some animals. Inclusion of these and additional warthog genetic traits into domestic pigs may be one way to assist in combating the devastating impact of ASFV.
Lithium-Ion Transport in Poly(ionic liquid) Diblock Copolymer Electrolytes: Impact of Salt Concentration and Cation and Anion Chemistry (2021)

Styrene-based poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) diblock copolymers and their analogous PIL homopolymers were synthesized in this study with various covalently attached cations (methylimidazolium (MIm+) and methylpyrrolidinium (MPyr+)) and counteranions (bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI–) and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI–)). Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) were prepared by mixing the polymer with the corresponding salts (Li+TFSI– and Li+FSI–) under various salt concentrations r = [Li+]/[PIL] (mol/mol) = 0.1–0.8. The impacts of lithium salt concentration and cation/anion chemistry were explored in regards to electrochemical, morphological, transport, and physical properties. The results show that the SPE with the MIm+/FSI– ion pair has the lowest PIL Tg (−7 °C), ca. 1–3 orders of magnitude higher conductivity compared to other SPEs as well as high electrochemical stability (lithium–metal stripping-plating). SPEs with the FSI– anion exhibit an ion-hopping-dominated transport mechanism and similar ion conductivities compared to their analogous PIL homopolymer SPEs at the same salt concentrations. The negative transference number of the SPE with the MIm+/TFSI– ion pair at a high salt concentration indicates the formation of larger anion-rich clusters and results in lower conductivity. This work reveals the impact of cation/anion chemistries on salt-doped PIL block polymers, which may enable new highly stable SPEs for lithium batteries.
Aminoarenethiolate−Copper(I)-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Bromides (2005)

[reaction, structure: see text] Aminoarenethiolate-copper(I) complexes are known to be efficient catalysts for carbon-carbon bond formation. Here, we show the first examples that these thiolate-copper(I) complexes are efficient for carbon-nitrogen bond formation reactions as well. N-Arylation of benzylamine and imidazole with bromobenzene was achieved either in NMP as solvent or under solvent-free conditions in the presence of 2.5 mol % of aminoarenethiolate-copper(I) complex only.
Special Issue on Optochemical and Optogenetic Control of Cellular Processes (2018)

Diverse optochemical and optobiological approaches are being developed and applied to the light-regulation of cellular processes with exquisite spatial and temporal resolution in cells and multicellular model organisms. In this special issue, experts report some of the latest progress in the expanding field of the optical control of biological systems and present an overview of the state of the art of select approaches.
Protein detection in blood with single-molecule imaging (2021)

The ability to characterize individual biomarker protein molecules in patient blood samples could enable diagnosis of diseases at an earlier stage, when treatment is typically more effective. Single-molecule imaging offers a promising approach to accomplish this goal. However, thus far, single-molecule imaging methods have not been translated into the clinical setting. The detection limit of these methods has been confined to the picomolar (10<sup>-12</sup> M) range, several orders of magnitude higher than the circulating concentrations of biomarker proteins present in many diseases. Here, we describe single-molecule augmented capture (SMAC), a single-molecule imaging technique to quantify and characterize individual protein molecules of interest down to the subfemtomolar (<10<sup>-15</sup> M) range. We demonstrate SMAC in a variety of applications with human blood samples, including the analysis of disease-associated secreted proteins, membrane proteins, and rare intracellular proteins. SMAC opens the door to the application of single-molecule imaging in noninvasive disease profiling.
Microscopic-scale recording of brain neuronal electrical activity using a diamond quantum sensor (2022)

An important tool in the investigation of the early stages of neurodegenerative disease is the study of dissected living tissue from the brain of an animal model. Such investigations allow the physical structure of individual neurons and neural circuits to be probed alongside neuronal electrical activity, disruption of which can shed light on the mechanisms of emergence of disease. Existing techniques for recording activity rely on potentially damaging direct interaction with the sample, either mechanically as point electrical probes or via intense focused laser light combined with highly specific genetic modification and/or potentially toxic fluorescent dyes. In this work, we instead perform passive, microscopic-scale recording of electrical activity using a biocompatible quantum sensor based on colour centres in diamond. We record biomagnetic field induced by ionic currents in mouse corpus callosum axons without direct sample interaction, accurately recovering signals corresponding to action potential propagation while demonstrating in situ pharmacology during biomagnetic recording through tetrodotoxin inhibition of voltage gated sodium channels. Our results open a promising new avenue for the microscopic recording of neuronal signals, offering the prospect of high resolution imaging of electrical circuits in the living mammalian brain.
Circular Permutation of Red Fluorescent Proteins (2011)

Circular permutation of fluorescent proteins provides a substrate for the design of molecular sensors. Here we describe a systematic exploration of permutation sites for mCherry and mKate using a tandem fusion template approach. Circular permutants retaining more than 60% (mCherry) and 90% (mKate) brightness of the parent molecules are reported, as well as a quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence from neighboring mutations. Truncations of circular permutants indicated essential N- and C-terminal segments and substantial flexibility in the use of these molecules. Structural evaluation of two cp-mKate variants indicated no major conformational changes from the previously reported wild-type structure, and cis conformation of the chromophores. Four cp-mKates were identified with over 80% of native fluorescence, providing important new building blocks for sensor and complementation experiments.