gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of Associated Clonal Hematologic Non-Mast Cell Lineage Disorders Occurring in Patients with Systemic Mastocytosis (2002)

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a myeloproliferative disease affecting multipotent and/or mast cell-committed hematopoietic progenitor cells. In a significant subgroup of patients (10-35%), an associated clonal hematologic non-mast cell lineage disorder (AHNMD) occurs. These AHNMDs can be classified according to recently established WHO criteria. Most AHNMDs resemble myeloid malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndromes. In only a few cases, lymphoproliferative disorders are diagnosed. Patients with SM-AHNMD have a less favorable prognosis concerning survival when compared to indolent SM. No general guidelines for the treatment of patients with SM-AHNMD have been established so far. A reasonable straightforward approach may be to treat the AHNMD in those patients in the same way as if no coexisting SM exists.
La spectrométrie Raman in situ appliquée à l'analyse quantitative et aux études sous haute pression et en température (1993)

À partir de quatre exemples, nous montrons que la spectrométrie Raman in situ permet la réalisation d'analyses quantitatives et la détermination de grandeurs thermodynamiques de substances sous pression et en température. Dans le premier exemple, nous décrivons un dispositif expérimental dans lequel les instruments de mesure sont déportés loin du site d'analyse situé dans un environnement hostile. Après une présentation de la méthode d'exploitation des spectres, de l'influence du temps d'acquisition et de la précision obtenue, on montre que l'utilisation de cette instrumentation doit permettre la conduite avancée d'une unité de production. Dans le deuxième exemple, nous montrons, dans le cadre d'une étude sur le méthacrylate de méthyle, que l'on peut suivre quantitativement la réactivité de liaisons carbone-carbone insaturées soumises à des conditions extrêmes de pression. Dans le troisième exemple, dans le domaine 0-30 GPa et 20-600°C, nous décrivons l'établissement du diagramme de phase de benzène pour lequel une nouvelle phase du benzène solide et une nouvelle transformation chimique sont mises en évidence. Dans le quatrième et dernier exemple, nous présentons une étude du mélange diméthyle sulfoxide-eau. Ces travaux permettent d'accéder à la variation du volume molaire de la solution en fonction de la pression jusqu'à 3 GPa et ainsi de calculer la compressibilité isotherme.
Molecular Ball Bearings: The Unusual Melt Viscosity Behavior of Dendritic Macromolecules (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Ball Bearings: The Unusual Melt Viscosity Behavior of Dendritic MacromoleculesCraig J. Hawker, Peter J. Farrington, Michael E. Mackay, Karen L. Wooley, and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 15, 4409–4410Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00120a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00120a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views782Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of ferromagnetic proximity on critical behavior (2012)

We have investigated the magnetic phase transition in amorphous Fe${}_{93}$Zr${}_{7}$($x$ \AA{})/Co${}_{95}$Zr${}_{5}$(1 \AA{}) multilayers, where $x=25$, 50, and 75. The extremely thin CoZr layer induces magnetic order at temperatures well above the inherent ordering temperature of Fe${}_{93}$Zr${}_{7}$. The changes in the critical exponent $\ensuremath{\beta}$, associated with the temperature dependence of the magnetization, imply a crossover from two- to three-dimensional behavior as the FeZr thickness is reduced, consistent with a substantial magnetic induction in the FeZr layers. In addition we determined the exponents $\ensuremath{\delta}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, of the critical isotherm and the susceptibility, respectively, and their values confirm the nonuniversal character of the phase transition. Scaling of the results yields an excellent data collapse and is found to hold in the crossover regime where the universality hypothesis is not applicable.
Latest cluster performance for EUV lithography (2012)

Previously, fundamental evaluations of the Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV) lithography process have been conducted using the CLEAN TRACK ACT&trade; 12 coater/developer with the ASML EUV Alpha Demo Tool (ADT) at imec. In that work, we confirmed the basic process sensitivities for the critical dimension (CD) and defectivity with EUV resists. Ultimate resolution improvements were examined with TBAH and FIRM&trade; Extreme. Moving forward with this work, the latest inline cluster is evaluated using the ASML NXE:3100 pre-production EUV scanner and the CLEAN TRACK&trade; LITHIUS Pro&trade; -EUV coater/developer. The imec standard EUV baseline process has been evaluated for manufacturability of CD uniformity control based on half pitch (HP) 27nm and ultimate resolution studies focusing on HP 22nm. With regards to the progress of the improvement for EUV processing, we confirmed the effectiveness of several novel concepts: FIRM&trade; Extreme10 showed increase in ultimate resolution and improvement in line width roughness (LWR) and process window; Tokyo Electron LTD. (TEL) smoothing process for roughness reduction showed 17% improvement for line and space (L/S) patterns; and finally the new dispense method reduced patterned wafer defectivity by over 50%.
Foraging goes mobile: Foraging while debugging on mobile devices (2017)

Although Information Foraging Theory (IFT) research for desktop environments has provided important insights into numerous information foraging tasks, we have been unable to locate IFT research for mobile environments. Despite the limits of mobile platforms, mobile apps are increasingly serving functions that were once exclusively the territory of desktops - and as the complexity of mobile apps increases, so does the need for foraging. In this paper we investigate, through a theory-based, dual replication study, whether and how foraging results from a desktop IDE generalize to a functionally similar mobile IDE. Our results show ways prior foraging research results from desktop IDEs generalize to mobile IDEs and ways they do not, and point to challenging open research questions for foraging on mobile environments.
Data-Driven Demand-Side Flexibility Quantification: Prediction and Approximation of Flexibility Envelopes (2021)

Real-time quantification of residential building energy flexibility is needed to enable a cost-efficient operation of active distribution grids. A promising means is to use the so-called flexibility envelope concept to represent the time-dependent and inter-temporally coupled flexibility potential. However, existing optimization-based quantification entails high computational burdens limiting flexibility utilization in real-time applications, and a more computationally efficient quantification approach is desired. Additionally, the communication of a flexibility envelope to system operators in its original form is data-intensive. In order to address the computational burdens, this paper first trains several machine learning models based on historical quantification results for online use. Subsequently, probability distribution functions are proposed to approximate the flexibility envelopes with significantly fewer parameters, which can be communicated to system operators instead of the original flexibility envelope. The results show that the most promising prediction and approximation approaches allow for a minimum reduction of the computational burden by a factor of 9 and of the communication load by a factor of 6.6, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Perfluoroalkyl Ketones by the Reaction of Perfluoroalkyllithiums with Esters. (1989)

Abstract Perfluoroalkyllithiums derived from the iodides (II) react with the esters (I) to give the perfluoroalkyl ketones (III) in good yield.
Search for flavour-changing neutral current top-quark decays t → qZ in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2018)

A bstract A search for flavour-changing neutral-current processes in top-quark decays is presented. Data collected with the ATLAS detector from proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:math> TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 , are analysed. The search is performed using top-quark pair events, with one top quark decaying through the t → qZ ( q = u , c ) flavour-changing neutral-current channel, and the other through the dominant Standard Model mode t → bW . Only Z boson decays into charged leptons and leptonic W boson decays are considered as signal. Consequently, the final-state topology is characterized by the presence of three isolated charged leptons (electrons or muons), at least two jets, one of the jets originating from a b -quark, and missing transverse momentum from the undetected neutrino. The data are consistent with Standard Model background contributions, and at 95% confidence level the search sets observed (expected) upper limits of 1.7 × 10 −4 (2.4 × 10 −4 ) on the t → uZ branching ratio and 2.4 × 10 −4 (3.2 × 10 −4 ) on the t → cZ branching ratio, constituting the most stringent limits to date.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Two Bioactive Natural Products: FR252921 and Pseudotrienic Acid B (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Task Adaptive Parameter Sharing for Multi-Task Learning (2022)

Adapting pre-trained models with broad capabilities has become standard practice for learning a wide range of downstream tasks. The typical approach of fine-tuning different models for each task is performant, but incurs a substantial memory cost. To efficiently learn multiple downstream tasks we introduce Task Adaptive Parameter Sharing (TAPS), a general method for tuning a base model to a new task by adaptively modifying a small, task-specific subset of layers. This enables multi-task learning while minimizing resources used and competition between tasks. TAPS solves a joint optimization problem which determines which layers to share with the base model and the value of the task-specific weights. Further, a sparsity penalty on the number of active layers encourages weight sharing with the base model. Compared to other methods, TAPS retains high accuracy on downstream tasks while introducing few task-specific parameters. Moreover, TAPS is agnostic to the model architecture and requires only minor changes to the training scheme. We evaluate our method on a suite of fine-tuning tasks and architectures (ResNet, DenseNet, ViT) and show that it achieves state-of-the-art performance while being simple to implement.
Supplementary Table 7 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq (2023)

Supplementary Table 7 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq
Effect of Alum Addition on the Performance of Submerged Membranes for Wastewater Treatment (2004)

The effect of aluminum sulfate (alum) addition on membrane performance was investigated, with a particular focus on membrane fouling. During initial operation, alum was added and the performance monitored. After terminating alum addition, the transmembrane pressure (TMP), which is indicative of membrane resistance to flow or fouling, increased. Accompanying the increase in TMP was an increase in the organic nonsettleable fraction (colloidal + dissolved) content of the mixed liquor and deterioration of permeate quality and floc strength. Permeate polysaccharide concentrations increased significantly, suggesting a preferential binding of solution polysaccharides by alum. Upon reinitiating alum addition, the TMP only partially recovered, indicating some irreversible fouling, while mixed liquor nonsettleable organic material, permeate quality, and floc strength returned to initial levels. These results suggest that direct alum addition to membrane bioreactors can improve membrane performance by reducing the organic fouling material and improving floc structure and strength. It appears that bulk liquid polysaccharides may contribute to irreversible membrane fouling, and this fraction can be efficiently controlled through the alum addition.
Culturing Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria and Mammalian Cells with a Microfluidic Differential Oxygenator (2009)

In this manuscript, we report on the culture of anaerobic and aerobic species within a disposable multilayer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device with an integrated differential oxygenator. A gas-filled microchannel network functioning as an oxygen−nitrogen mixer generates differential oxygen concentration. By controlling the relative flow rate of the oxygen and nitrogen input gases, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in proximal microchannels filled with culture media are precisely regulated by molecular diffusion. Sensors consisting of an oxygen-sensitive dye embedded in the fluid channels permit dynamic fluorescence-based monitoring of the DO concentration using low-cost light-emitting diodes. To demonstrate the general utility of the platform for both aerobic and anaerobic culture, three bacteria with differential oxygen requirements (&lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. viscosus&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;F. nucleatum&lt;/i&gt;), as well as a model mammalian cell line (murine embryonic fibroblast cells (3T3)), were cultured. Growth characteristics of the selected species were analyzed as a function of eight discrete DO concentrations, ranging from 0 ppm (anaerobic) to 42 ppm (fully saturated).
Sharing (2017)

Using the so-called “sharing economy” or on-demand economy as a jumping off point, this chapter considers the logic and commodification of the gift. Early users of Airbnb, a digital platform that allows homeowners to offer their residences for short-term rentals, would often leave gifts for their hosts. These gifts spotlight the home as both an intimately personal space and as a zone of commerce, both emotionally and economically dense with relationships. Airbnb heightens the contradictions of these relationships. Leaving gifts after an Airbnb stay imparts a sense of connection and belonging, despite the short-term nature of the relationship and its mediation by money. Are such gifts payments? Are they expressions of a desire to connect? The author concludes that the gift maintains its relevance despite the asset monetization of everyday life represented by the sharing economy.
Renal Denervation and Hypertension (2011)

Essential hypertension remains one of the biggest challenges in medicine with an enormous impact on both individual and society levels. With the exception of relatively rare monogenetic forms of hypertension, there is now general agreement that the condition is multifactorial in nature and hence requires therapeutic approaches targeting several aspects of the underlying pathophysiology. Accordingly, all major guidelines promote a combination of lifestyle interventions and combination pharmacotherapy to reach target blood pressure (BP) levels in order to reduce overall cardiovascular risk in affected patients. Although this approach works for many, it fails in a considerable number of patients for various reasons including drug-intolerance, noncompliance, physician inertia, and others, leaving them at unacceptably high cardiovascular risk. The quest for additional therapeutic approaches to safely and effectively manage hypertension continues and expands to the reappraisal of older concepts such as renal denervation. Based on the robust preclinical and clinical data surrounding the role of renal sympathetic nerves in various aspects of BP control very recent efforts have led to the development of a novel catheter-based approach using radiofrequency (RF) energy to selectively target and disrupt the renal nerves. The available evidence from the limited number of uncontrolled hypertensive patients in whom renal denervation has been performed are auspicious and indicate that the procedure has a favorable safety profile and is associated with a substantial and presumably sustained BP reduction. Although promising, a myriad of questions are far from being conclusively answered and require our concerted research efforts to explore the full potential and possible risks of this approach. Here we briefly review the science surrounding renal denervation, summarize the current data on safety and efficacy of renal nerve ablation, and discuss some of the open questions that need to be addressed in the near future.
The molecular basis for sound velocity in n-alkanes, 1-alcohols and dimethylsiloxanes (2002)

The velocity of sound has been determined in pure liquid n-alkanes (pentane to hexadecane), 1-alcohols (methanol to 1-dodecanol) and dimethylsiloxanes (200 fluid (L2, 0.65 cSt) to 200 fluid (5000 cSt)) at 20 °C. Corresponding density data have been taken from the literature and the adiabatic compressibility determined. The measured adiabatic compressibility has been compared with two molecular models of sound velocity, the Schaaffs model and a development of the Urick equation. The Urick equation approach is based on a determination of the compressibility of the methylene or siloxane repeat units which make up the chains in these linear molecules. We show that the Urick equation approach accurately predicts sound velocity and compressibility for the higher members of each series, whilst the Schaaffs approach fails for the 1-alcohols. We suggest this is because of the influence of the hydroxyl end group on nearby molecules through hydrogen bonding. The Schaaffs approach does not take into account interactions between the end units and the chain repeat units. This interaction modifies the derived compressibility of the methylene groups reducing their compressibility as compared to their compressibillity in the n-alkanes. The technique described provides valuable new insights into end-group, inter-molecular and intra-molecular interactions in liquid linear-chain molecules. We suggest that it provides a powerful new method for characterising polymeric fluid materials.
Publisher's Note: Diamond-nitrogen-vacancy electronic and nuclear spin-state anticrossings under weak transverse magnetic fields [Phys. Rev. A 94, 021401(R) (2016)] (2016)

Received 6 December 2016DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.069902©2016 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasFine & hyperfine structurePhysical SystemsNitrogen vacancy centers in diamondAtomic, Molecular & Optical
PHARMACEUTICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY Polyelectrolyte Stabilized Drug Nanoparticles via Flash Nanoprecipitation: A Model Study With b-Carotene (2010)

Polyelectrolyte protected b-carotene nanoparticles (nanosuspensions) with aver- age diameter of 80wt%, was achieved by using either PEI or chitosan. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that b-carotene nanoparticles were amorphous. These findings open the way for utilization of FNP for preparation of nanoparticles with enhanced bioavailability for highly water insoluble drugs. 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharma- cists Association J Pharm Sci 99:4295-4306, 2010
Whitlockite-Enabled Hydrogel for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration (2021)

Growth-factor-free bone regeneration remains a challenge in craniofacial engineering. Here, we engineered an osteogenic niche composed of a commercially modified alginate hydrogel and whitlockite microparticles (WHMPs), which impart tunable physicochemical properties that can direct osteogenesis of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Our <i>in vitro</i> studies demonstrate that WHMPs induce osteogenesis of GMSCs more effectively than previously demonstrated hydroxyapatite microparticles (HApMPs). Alginate-WHMP hydrogels showed higher elasticity without any adverse effects on the viability of the encapsulated GMSCs. Moreover, the alginate-WHMP hydrogels upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which in turn orchestrates several osteogenic markers, such as RUNX2 and OCN, in the encapsulated GMSCs. Concurrent coculture studies with human osteoclasts demonstrate that GMSCs encapsulated in alginate-WHMP hydrogels downregulate osteoclastic activity, potentially due to release of Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions from the WHMPs along with secretion of osteoprotegerin from the GMSCs. <i>In vivo</i> studies demonstrated that the GMSCs encapsulated in our osteogenic niche were able to promote bone repair in calvarial defects in murine models. Altogether, our results confirmed the development of a promising treatment modality for craniofacial bone regeneration based on an injectable growth-factor-free hydrogel delivery system.
A Retention Signal Necessary and Sufficient for Endoplasmic Reticulum Localization Maps to the Transmembrane Domain of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoprotein E2 (1998)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome encodes two envelope glycoproteins (E1 and E2). These glycoproteins interact to formin a noncovalent heterodimeric complex which is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To identify whether E1 and/or E2 contains an ER-targeting signal potentially involved in ER retention of the E1-E2 complex, these proteins were expressed alone and their intracellular localization was studied. Due to misfolding of E1 in the absence of E2, no conclusion on the localization of its native form could be drawn from the expression of E1 alone. E2 expressed in the absence of E1 was shown to be retained in the ER similarly to E1-E2 complex. Chimeric proteins in which E2 domains were exchanged with corresponding domains of a protein normally transported to the plasma membrane (CD4) were constructed to identify the sequence responsible for its ER retention. The transmembrane domain (TMD) of E2 (C-terminal 29 amino acids) was shown to be sufficient for retention of the ectodomain of CD4 in the ER compartment. Replacement of the E2 TMD by the anchor signal of CD4 or a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety led to its expression on the cell surface. In addition, replacement of the E2 TMD by the anchor signal of CD4 or a GPI moiety abolished the formation of E1-E2 complexes. Together, these results suggest that, besides having a role as a membrane anchor, the TMD of E2 is involved in both complex formation and intracellular localization.