gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QUANTIFICATION OF CARDIAC DYSSYNCHRONY IN MICE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION USING HIGH RESOLUTION ULTRASOUND (2007)

Contractile dyssynchrony in the left ventricles (LVs) of murine hearts post myocardial infarction (MI) was assessed using high resolution 30 MHz ultrasound. Long axis and mid-ventricular short axis image sequences were obtained from six post-Mi C57B1/6 mice. Two normal C57B1/6 mice were also scanned as non-infarcted controls. The ultrasound images had an axial resolution of approximately 50 mum, a lateral resolution of approximately 100 mum, and a temporal resolution of 1000 frames/s (achieved via retrospective compilation of LCG-gated acquisitions). Myocardial tissue displacement was measured using a 2D image tracking algorithm with sub-pixel resolution. Regional myocardial displacement analyses revealed prolonged regional systole and delay to peak displacement, as well as reduced displacement, in regions adjacent to infarcted zones. The regional delays in time to peak displacement ranged from 12 to 20 ms in mouse hearts with large MI. Thus, high resolution 2D ultrasound imaging followed by 2D image tracking analysis provides an efficient and cost-effective method for characterizing LV dyssynchrony in murine hearts post-MI
50Gb/s Hybrid Integrated Si-Photonic Optical Link in 16nm FinFET (2020)

We present an EAM based single-mode optical link. The TX uses over-peaking to improve modulation efficiency and relax TIA's noise requirement. The RX uses a 3-stage TIA with T-coils to improve bandwidth. The link achieves <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$BER &lt; 10^{-12}$</tex> while consuming 4.31pJ/bit at 50Gb/s with 2dB link margin.
1065. AAV2 Vector-Delivered Myostatin Propeptide Improves Muscle Healing after Injury (2006)

Skeletal muscle injuries are the most common injuries encountered in sports medicine. Muscle injuries can heal spontaneously through regeneration, but fibrosis impedes this process and results in incomplete functional recovery. We have demonstrated that TGF-β1 plays a significant role in both the initiation of fibrosis and the inducement of myofibrotic differentiation by myogenic cells in injured muscle. However, the recent identification of myostatin (MSTN), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, may yield new avenues for therapeutic intervention to improve muscle healing. MSTN is a potent negative regulator of muscle growth, and MSTN-deficient mice show dramatically increased skeletal muscle mass. We have found that the injured skeletal muscle of MSTN knockout (MSTN-/-) mice develops significantly less fibrous scar tissue and significantly larger regenerating myofibers than observed in normal wild-type (WT) control mice. We also found that MSTN stimulates proliferation and myofibrotic differentiation of fibroblasts in vitro. These results suggest that, like TGF-β1, MSTN may play a role in fibrosis. Myostatin propeptide (MPRO) inhibits MSTN's biologic activity by blocking the binding of MSTN to its receptor. In vivo overexpression of MPRO produces mice with increased muscle mass comparable to that observed in MSTN-/- mice. We hypothesized that use of MPRO in injured skeletal muscle would enhance muscle regeneration and inhibit fibrosis. In this study, we used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to deliver the MPRO to myoblasts in vitro and direct injection of the virus to deliver the MPRO to the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) in vivo. In vitro, MPRO effectively neutralized MSTN and stimulated differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. In contrast to uninfected C2C12 myoblasts, AAV2-MPRO-transduced myoblasts readily fused into larger myotubes containing numerous myonuclei. The addition of AAV2-MPRO led to a significant increase in the cells' fusion index in culture. We then injected the AAV2 vector carrying the MPRO gene into the GMs of adult BL6J mice; we injected the same amount of PBS into littermates as the control. Three weeks after AAV2 vector delivery, we lacerated both GMs of each mouse. Four weeks after vector injection, we observed larger-diameter regenerating myofibers in the GMs overexpressing MPRO than in the nontransduced GMs, although the difference was not significant. Masson's Trichrome histochemistry showed significantly less fibrous scar tissue in the AAV2-transduced GMs than in the control GMs. These findings are consistent with results from our previous studies showing that MSTN deficiency improves muscle healing after injury and show that the direct delivery of AAV2-MPRO into skeletal muscle is an effective and novel approach to improving muscle healing.
Retrieval of Color Space Conversion Matrix via Convolutional Neural Network (2019)

The problem of proper identification of the color space associated with digital luma and chroma data has been widely reported by video processing professionals. The problem arises from confusing, and sometimes conflicting, statements regarding color space usage and description. Although standards allow for the carriage of descriptive metadata regarding color space, some applications do not require the presence of such metadata. Those standards typically recite assumptions on color space that should be followed in the absence of embedded color space descriptors. The unfortunate result of this approach is a state of confusion in the industry, and consequently the possibility of errors in rendering the output of decoded video and images. Our work represents the first known attempt to determine color space directly from luma/chroma pixel data, and provides an alternative to sole reliance on potentially missing or incorrect metadata, or weakly followed defaults. Although a color space is defined by many parameters, such as primary chromaticity, transfer characteristics and matrix coefficients, we chose to focus on determining which standard for matrix coefficients had been used to create a given luma/chroma image. We addressed the problem via deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), trained on millions of images. Our results are encouraging, and suggest that DCNNs can be used to solve this ill-posed problem.
Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Genes and Endogenous Retroviruses in Immortalized B Cells from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (2022)

The immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be triggered by environmental factors in individuals with an unfavorable genetic predisposition. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major risk factor for subsequent development of MS. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) can be activated by EBV, and might be a missing link between an initial EBV infection and the later onset of MS. In this study, we investigated differential gene expression patterns in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid B cell lines (LCL) from MS-affected individuals (MSLCL) and controls by using RNAseq and qRT-PCR. RNAseq data from LCL mapped to the human genome and a virtual virus metagenome were used to identify possible biomarkers for MS or disease-relevant risk factors, e.g., the relapse rate. We observed that lytic EBNA-1 transcripts seemed to be negatively correlated with age leading to an increased expression in LCL from younger PBMC donors. Further, HERV-K (HML-2) GAG was increased upon EBV-triggered immortalization. Besides the well-known transactivation of HERV-K18, our results suggest that another six HERV loci are up-regulated upon stimulation with EBV. We identified differentially expressed genes in MSLCL, e.g., several HERV-K loci, ERVMER61-1 and ERV3-1, as well as genes associated with relapses. In summary, EBV induces genes and HERV in LCL that might be suitable as biomarkers for MS or the relapse risk.
An Improved Design and Rating Analyses of Counter Flow Wet Cooling Towers (2001)

Cooling towers are one of the largest heat and mass transfer devices that are in common use. In this paper, we present a detail model of counter flow wet cooling towers. The authenticity of the model is checked by experimental data reported in the literature. The values of number of transfer units (NTU) and tower effectiveness (ε) obtained from the model were compared with the commonly described models. Appreciable difference in NTU and ε values is found if the resistance to heat transfer in the water film and non-unity of Lewis number is considered in the calculations. The results demonstrate that the errors in calculating the tower effectiveness could be as much as 15 percent when considering the effect of air-water interface temperature. A procedure for the use of the model in designing and rating analyses of cooling towers is demonstrated through example problems. The limiting performance of the cooling towers; that is effectiveness equal to one, is explained in terms of air-approach temperature. The model is also used for obtaining the maximum possible mass-flow rate ratio of water-to-air, for different operating conditions.
Long-term Effects on Serum Cholesterol Concentration of Beet Dietary Fiber in Normal and Cecectomized Rats Fed a Cholesterol-free Casein Diet. (1992)

コレステロール,コール酸無添加のカゼイン25%基本飼料を用いて,長期飼育または盲腸切除ラットにおける,食物繊維の脂質代謝に及ぼす影響を検討した. (1) 標準飼料時の長期飼育(45週間)における,食物繊維の脂質代謝に及ぼす影響を調べた結果,ビート食物繊維(BDF)が持続性のある血清脂質上昇抑制効果を示し,また,肝臓,体脂肪組織への脂質蓄積抑制効果が確認された.ペクチンおよびセルロースにはその効果は確認されなかった. (2) 盲腸切除に伴う食物繊維の脂質代謝に及ぼす影響は,BDF区の血清脂質の変動に顕著に現われ,脂質代謝に対する盲腸機能の関与が示唆された. (3) 食物繊維給与による脂質代謝の変動と,糞中への中性ステロール撲泄,また,盲腸内容物の有機酸組成とは関連あるデータは得られなかった.
Analysis of Superimposed LoRa in Multi-User Networks (2021)

The emergence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) has enabled the connectivity of billions of smart devices and sensor nodes to the Internet. Such a large number of connected devices requires the development of new energy efficient and long-range technologies for the successful realization of IoT applications. Within this context, long range (LoRa) has emerged as one of the prominent low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies that is envisioned to accommodate the future IoT requirements. Nevertheless, in dense deployments, LoRa has limited capacity since it adopts the ALOHA random access protocol which suffers from unavoidable collisions. Therefore, recently, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been integrated with LoRa in order to improve its spectral efficiency by multiplexing users in the power domain. This work studies the performance of NOMA-enabled LoRa networks in both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. Finally, the effect of inter-spreading factor interference is investigated in order to highlight on the impact of the imperfect orthogonality of LoRa spreading factors.
The Pinene Path to Taxanes. 5. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Versatile Taxane Precursor (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThe Pinene Path to Taxanes. 5. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Versatile Taxane PrecursorPaul A. Wender, Neil F. Badham, Simon P. Conway, Paul E. Floreancig, Timothy E. Glass, Christian Gränicher, Jonathan B. Houze, Jan Jänichen, Daesung Lee, Daniel G. Marquess, Paul L. McGrane, Wei Meng, Thomas P. Mucciaro, Michel Mühlebach, Michael G. Natchus, Holger Paulsen, David B. Rawlins, Jeffrey Satkofsky, Anthony J. Shuker, James C. Sutton, Richard E. Taylor, and Katsuhiko TomookaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11, 2755–2756Publication Date (Web):March 19, 1997Publication History Received9 October 1996Published online19 March 1997Published inissue 1 March 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9635387https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9635387rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7328Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Carbonyls,Ketones,Precursors,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Acoustic transmission loss in industrial pile driving. (2011)

Industrial pile driving is a source of high-level underwater noise and new understanding of its effects on the behavior and health of marine mammals and fish has motivated numerous regulations intended to limit these effects. Of primary importance is to identify a suitable transmission loss model to predict where, given a certain source level, the noise produced by the pile driving reaches regulatory thresholds. In November 2009, data were collected from a marine construction site in the Puget Sound. Measurements at two ranges (8 and 12 m) from the pile being driven were taken using a nine hydrophone vertical line array (VLA). Concurrently, at a range of approximately 120 m, there was also a single hydrophone at a depth of 5 m (sensitive to frequencies greater than 10 kHz). By comparing the levels at the VLA to the more distant hydrophone across a number of pile strikes (each forming a identifiable short- and far-range pair), the transmission loss can be estimated. These results are in turn modeled using an approach based on the parabolic wave equation. [Work was funded by the Washington Department of Transportation.]
Activin-A attenuates several human natural killer cell functions (2009)

Dendritic-cell (DC) and natural killer (NK)-cell interactions are critical in sculpting the adaptive immune response. However, the mechanisms by which DCs down-regulate NK-cell functions are not well understood. NK-cell function is inhibited by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), but DCs do not appear to produce TGF-beta. We have previously shown that activated human DCs produce large amounts of activin-A, a TGF-beta superfamily member, which autoregulates DC function. The present report shows that NK-cells express type I and II activin receptors and that activin-A triggers NK-cell Smad 2/3 signaling. Furthermore, activin-A directly regulates NK cell functions by (1) down-regulating the T-box transcription factor T-bet and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) but not perforin or granzyme mRNA; (2) suppressing NK-cell IFN-gamma production as potently as TGF-beta; and (3) suppressing NK-cell CD25 expression and proliferation and sculpting NK-cell cytokine and chemokine profiles. Interestingly, unlike TGF-beta, activin-A weakly down-regulates the NK-cell natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) NKp30 and NKG2D but does not attenuate their cytotoxic function. These findings provide the first evidence for a novel immune regulatory role of activin-A during DC-mediated NK-cell regulation, highlighting the potential of antagonizing activin-A signaling in vivo to enhance NK cell-mediated immune functions and adaptive immunity.
Preparation and characterization of covalently functionalized graphene using vinyl‐terminated benzoxazine monomer and associated nanocomposites with low coefficient of thermal expansion (2012)

Abstract We describe the preparation of vinyl‐terminated benzoxazine‐functionalized graphene using free radical grafting. The resulting functionalized graphene (f‐graphene) was incorporated into bis(3‐allyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐ 2H ‐1,3‐benzoxazinyl)methane (V‐ BF ‐a) monomer in order that nanocomposites could be prepared. Results of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the sheets of f‐graphene were well dispersed throughout the matrix, and there was a strong interfacial interaction between the f‐graphene and polyV‐BF ‐a. The inclusion of f‐graphene into the nanocomposites resulted in a material with a high thermal stability and a low coefficient of thermal expansion ( CTE ); increasing the content of f‐graphene reduced the CTE significantly more. A reduction in the CTE of up to 48% was produced by adding just 1 wt% of f‐graphene; this corresponded to an increase of 12 °C in the glass transition temperature. These results suggest that f‐graphene nanocomposites can be ‘tuned’ to give materials with both a low CTE and a high thermal stability, and that graphene composites of this type can thus be manufactured to withstand a wider range of temperatures.
Enhanced extracellular matrix production and mineralization by osteoblasts cultured on titanium surfaces in vitro (1992)

Long-term stability of orthopaedic and dental implants depends on the integration of the artificial material into the surrounding bone tissue. The physical and chemical properties of implants, including those made of metals such as titanium, are thought to influence osseointegration. Despite the known importance of this interface, little is known about the factors that promote its formation. In this study, chick embryonic calvarial osteoblasts were cultured in vitro on smooth, rough-textured and porous-coated titanium surfaces and examined for morphology, biosynthesis of extracellular matrix and mineralization as a function of culture time. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that osteoblasts adhered securely to the titanium surface and frequently bridged the uneven surface by means of cellular processes. The osteoblast phenotype was retained in the cell cultures on titanium. In addition, the synthesis of extracellular matrix and subsequent mineralization were both substantially enhanced in the cultures on rough-textured and porous-coated titanium. These results strongly suggest that porous or rough titanium implant surfaces may act like "natural" substrata to permit microscopic tissue/cell ingrowth to improve clinical implant fixation.
REPLICATION AND RECONFIGURATION IN A DISTRIBUTED MAIL REPOSITORY (1987)

Conventional approaches to programming produce centralized programs that run on a single computer. However, an unconventional approach can take advantage of low-cost communication and small, inexpensive computers. A distributed program provides service through programs executing at several nodes of a distributed system.
Survey of interferometric techniques used to test JWST optical components (2010)

JWST optical component in-process optical testing and cryogenic requirement compliance certification, verification & validation is probably the most difficult metrology job of our generation in astronomical optics. But, the challenge has been met: by the hard work of dozens of optical metrologists; the development and qualification of multiple custom test setups; and several new inventions, including 4D PhaseCam and Leica Absolute Distance Meter. This paper summarizes the metrology tools, test setups and processes used to characterize the JWST optical components.
Photoconductive Switches Vacuum Surface Flashover Improvements (2005)

Photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS) presently have the greatest potential for dramatic performance enhancements for high power pulsed applications. However, surface flashover severely limits the maximum stand off voltage in the open state. We report the use of a novel technique to PCSS to overcome this limitation. The technique is an extension of the graded ring bushing idea from accelerator technology but differs by reducing the thickness of the insulatorv (semiconductor) down to tens of micrometers. The results indicate a 40% improvement of GaAs and a 75% improvement on silicon samples.
Room temperature thermo-electric pumping in mid-infrared light-emitting diodes (2013)

We present measurements of mid-infrared light-emitting diodes generating photons above the conventional limit of 100% electrical-to-optical power conversion efficiency. At low forward bias, lattice heat is absorbed via thermo-electric effects in the carrier injection process and released radiatively through recombination, so the diode acts as a thermodynamic heat pump. Experiments support an effective temperature model for electro-luminescence in the cooling regime and refute alternative interpretations of existing results. Although non-radiative recombination limits the power density available above unity efficiency, experiments confirm the phenomenon at room temperature.
Efficacy of certolizumab pegol is not affected by baseline anti-infliximab antibody status in patients with Crohnʼs disease with secondary infliximab failure (2009)

The WELCOME study prospectively assessed the efficacy of certolizumab pegol (CZP) in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) who had lost previous response to and/or had developed hypersensitivity to infliximab (IFX). CZP is the only PEGylated Fab' anti-TNF and is proven not to cross react with antibodies to adalimumab and infliximab. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the impact of baseline anti-IFX antibodies on the efficacy of CZP in patients enrolled in the WELCOME study. WELCOME was a 26-week, multicenter trial, consisting of 2 phases: (1) 6-week open-label induction (CZP 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2, and 4); and (2) a double-blind randomized maintenance phase (CZP 400 mg every 2 [q2w] or 4 weeks [q4w]) in patients responding to CZP by Week 6. Eligible patients (≥ 18 y) had a CD Activity Index (CDAI) score of 220-450 and a history of IFX failure (loss of response and/or hypersensitivity). Clinical response was defined as a decrease of ≥ 100 points in the CDAI score (CDAI-100) from baseline and remission as a CDAI score of ≤150 points. Serum samples were collected from eligible patients at screening and evaluated for the presence of anti-IFX antibodies by ELISA. A total of 539 patients were enrolled and 329 Week-6 responders were randomized to double-blind maintenance therapy. Of the 465 patients who were evaluated for the presence of anti-IFX antibodies at baseline, 212 (45.6%) were positive and 253 (54.4%) were negative. At Week 6, response and remission rates were not affected by baseline anti-IFX antibody status (Table). Similarly, baseline anti-IFX antibody status did not substantially impact response or remission rates at Week 26. No Caption available. No Caption available. CZP was efficacious as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with moderate to severe CD who had previously lost response and/or developed hypersensitivity to IFX. Induction and maintenance of response and remission following treatment with CZP were not affected by baseline anti-IFX antibody status.
Fever Produced in the Squirrel Monkey by Human Leukocytic Pyrogen (1979)

Squirrel monkeys developed fever in response to relatively small intravenous and intracerebral doses of highly purified human leukocytic pyrogen (LP). The findings indicate that this species is an appropriate new model for research on human endogenous pyrogen. Cross-reactions of various species to LP suggest a similarity in the molecular structure of all leukocytic pyrogens.
Evaluation and Application of Ultra-Low-Resolution Pressure Reactivity Index in Moderate or Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (2022)

Our findings indicate that ultra-low-frequency sampling might provide sufficient resolution to derive information about the state of cerebrovascular autoregulation and prediction of 12-month outcome in TBI patients.