gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of monodisperse droplet generation in flow-focusing devices with hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces (2012)

A thin flow-focusing microfluidic channel is evaluated for generating monodisperse liquid droplets. The microfluidic device is used in its native state, which is hydrophilic, or treated with OTS to make it hydrophobic. Having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces allows for creation of both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, facilitating a large parameter study of viscosity ratios (droplet fluid/continuous fluid) ranging from 0.05 to 96 and flow rate ratios (droplet fluid/continuous fluid) ranging from 0.01 to 2 in one geometry. The hydrophilic chip provides a partially-wetting surface (contact angle less than 90°) for the inner fluid. This surface, combined with the unusually thin channel height, promotes a flow regime where the inner fluid wets the top and bottom of the channel in the orifice and a stable jet is formed. Through confocal microscopy, this fluid stabilization is shown to be highly influenced by the contact angle of the liquids in the channel. Non-wetting jets undergo breakup and produce drops when the jet is comparable to or smaller than the channel thickness. In contrast, partially-wetting jets undergo breakup only when they are much smaller than the channel thickness. Drop sizes are found to scale with a modified capillary number based on the total flow rate regardless of wetting behavior.
Health-Binning (2016)

In recent years, the adoption of NAND flash in enterprise storage systems has been progressing rapidly. Todays all-flash storage arrays exhibit excellent I/O throughput, latency, storage density, and energy efficiency. However, the advancements in NAND technology are driven mostly by the consumer market, which makes NAND flash manufacturers focus primarily on reducing cost ($/GiB) and increasing the storage density by technology node scaling, by increasing the number of bits stored per cell, and by stacking cells vertically (3D-NAND). This comes at the cost of reduced endurance of the raw NAND flash, larger variations across blocks, and longer latencies, especially with extremely high error rates (due to the use of read-retry operations).
Transitioning the Intel® next generation microarchitectures (nehalem and westmere) into the mainstream (2009)

Intel maintains pace of innovation and execution - Next generation performance - 32nm: Another Process Technology Breakthrough. Enabling Nehalem for every segment - Delivering outstanding Nehalem performance to mainstream desktops and laptop computers. Redesigning more efficient platforms - Best performance acrossIntel maintains pace of innovation and execution - Next generation performance - 32nm: Another Process Technology Breakthrough. Enabling Nehalem for every segment - Delivering outstanding Nehalem performance to mainstream desktops and laptop computers. Redesigning more efficient platforms - Best performance across all segments - Low power and better power management - Higher levels of integration all segments - Low power and better power management - Higher levels of integration.
Are there critical periods for musical development? (2005)

A critical period can be defined as a developmental window during which specific experience has a greater effect than at other times. Musical behavior involves many skills, including the basic encoding of pitch and time information, understanding scale and harmonic structure, performance, interpretation, and composition. We review studies of genetics, behavior, and brain structure and function in conjunction with the experiences of auditory deprivation and musical enrichment, and conclude that there is more supporting evidence for critical periods for basic than for more complex aspects of musical pitch acquisition. Much remains unknown about the mechanisms of interaction between genetic and experiential factors that create critical periods, but it is clear that there are multiple pathways for achieving musical expertise.
Matrix-isolation studies of the reactions of iron atoms and iron dimers with acetylene in an argon matrix. The FT-IR spectrum of ethynyliron hydride (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMatrix-isolation studies of the reactions of iron atoms and iron dimers with acetylene in an argon matrix. The FT-IR spectrum of ethynyliron hydrideEllen S. Kline, Zakya H. Kafafi, Robert H. Hauge, and John L. MargraveCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 25, 7559–7562Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00311a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00311a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enabling Storytelling by Aphasics in an Augmented Home Environment (2008)

We present the design of a system for Aphasics that assist them in storytelling. Storytelling, in the sense of being able to relate recent and past experiences to relevant others, is considered to be crucial for the quality of life and psychological wellbeing of most people. The storytelling support system that we propose is primarily intended to be used by Aphasics in their postrehabilitation period. Our focus is on the creation of daily stories with the help of passively captured materials, hence emphasizing the need for fairly effortless interaction from the side of the end user. End-user requirements gathering was especially difficult in this project, because of the verbal limitations in our user group. Many requirements for the system were hence decided through consulting proxies of the Aphasics, such as their caregivers. The preliminary feedbacks on our design provide interesting insights for the design of a more complete storytelling system for Aphasics. We also discuss some interesting challenges from a technological and methodological point of view that arose in the course of the design.
Evaluation of Multiplex Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction for Routine Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping in Egyptian Patients (2012)

: Background: At least six HCV (hepatitis C virus) genotypes are unequally distributed worldwide. HCV genotyping guides the selection of treatment regimens and provides important epidemiological markers that enable the outbreak source to be traced and the spread of disease to be controlled. In Egypt, there is an increasing need for cost-effective, fast, and easily performable HCV genotyping assays.Recently, a multiplex PCR assay was developed to determine HCV genotypes. It employs genotype-specific primers, based on sequences of the entire core region and part of the 5’UTR of the genome.Objectives: In this study, we compared a simple, new, modified multiplex PCR system for HCV genotyping with a commercially available line probe assay (INNO-LiPA) that is based on reverse hybridization.Patients and Methods: Serum samples from chronic HCV Egyptian patients (n = 73) were genotyped using the modified multiplex PCR assay, and genotypes were verified using the INNO-LiPA HCV II assay.Results: The modified multiplex PCR method was able to type HCV-4 in 65 of 70 typeable samples (92.86%) and had 100% concordance with the INNO-LiPA assay.Conclusions: Genotype 4 was the most prevalent genotype in our study. Based on our results, the modified multiplex nested PCR assay is a sensitive and inexpensive alternative for HCV genotyping and can be used in routine diagnostic laboratories. INNO-LiPA may be useful as a second-line assay for genotyping samples that are indeterminate by multiplex PCR. This approach will effect better treatment optimization and a reduction of the spread of HCV. Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:Egypt has the highest prevalence of worldwide HCV (15%) and the highest prevalence of HCV-4, which is responsible for almost 90% of infections. There is increasing evidence that patients with different HCV genotypes have different clinical profiles, severity of liver disease and response to current combination therapy. HCV genotyping helps clinicians in their practice as it guides the selection of treatment regimens, and provides important epidemiological markers that enable outbreak source tracing and control of the spread of disease. Please cite this paper as:Shemis MA, El-Abd DM, Ramadan DI, El-Sayed MI, Guirgis BS, Saber MA, et al. Evaluation of Multiplex Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction for Routine Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping in Egyptian Patients. Hepat Mon. 2012;12(4): 265-270. DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.830 Copyright © 2012 Kowsar Corp. All rights reserved.
Genetic Landscape of Electron Transport Chain Complex I Dependency in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2019)

Abstract Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is a promising therapeutic strategy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), but patients respond heterogeneously. Through chemically interrogation of 200 sequenced specimens, we identified Mubritinib as a strong in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemic compound, acting through ubiquinone-dependent inhibition of Electron Transport Chain complex I (ETC1). ETC1 targeting showed selective toxicity against a subgroup of chemotherapy-resistant leukemias exhibiting OXPHOS hyperactivity, high expression of mitochondrial activity-related genes, and mutations affecting NPM1, FLT3 and DNMT3A . Altogether, our work thus identifies a novel ETC1 inhibitor with high clinical potential and reveals the landscape of OXPHOS dependency in AML.
Protective effects of urocortin 2 against caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (2019)

Because little is known about the role of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) agonists in regulating responses in pancreatitis, we evaluated the effects of urocortin 2 (UCN2) and stressin1 in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) model in rats. Male rats were pretreated with UCN2 or stressin1 for 30 min followed by induction of AP with supraphysiologic doses of caerulein. Serum amylase and lipase activity, pancreatic tissue necrosis, immune cell infiltrate, nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity, trypsin levels, and intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) were ascertained. UCN2, but not stressin1 attenuated the severity of AP in rats. UCN2, but not stressin1, reduced serum amylase and lipase activity, cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in AP. NF-κB activity in pancreatic nuclear extracts increased in AP and UCN2 treatment reduced caerulein-induced increases in NF-κB activity by 42%. UCN2 treatment prevented caerulein-induced degradation of IκB-α in the cytosolic fraction as well as increased levels of p65 subunit of NF-κB in the cytosolic fraction. Pancreatic UCN2 levels decreased in AP compared with saline. UCN2 evoked [Ca2+]i responses in primary acinar cells and abolished caerulein-evoked [Ca2+]i responses at 0.1nM, and decreased by ~50% at 1.0nM caerulein. UCN2 stimulation resulted in redistribution of a portion of F-actin from the apical to the basolateral pole. UCN2 prevented the massive redistribution of F-actin observed with supraphysiologic doses of caerulein. UCN2, but not stressin1 attenuated severity of an experimental pancreatitis model. The protective effects of UCN2, including anti-inflammatory and anti-necrotic effects involve activation of the CRF2 receptor, [Ca2+]i signaling, and inhibition of NF-κB activity.
Overexpression of TRIM28 predicts an unfavorable prognosis and promotes the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (2023)

Abstract Objectives Previous studies have shown that tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28) might be a latent target for cancer therapy. However, the detailed roles and mechanisms of TRIM28 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain ambiguous. Methods We systematically analyzed TRIM28 mRNA expression and protein levels in HCC tissues based on large-scale data and publicly available immunohistochemistry images. We estimated the prognostic capacity of TRIM28 in HCC. Additionally, we performed gene enrichment, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity analyses to further explore the roles of TRIM28 in HCC. To determine the effect of TRIM28 expression on HCC cell proliferation and migration, successful transfection of siRNAs was conducted in MHCC97-L and Huh7 cells, followed by cell functional assays. Results We verified the overexpression of TRIM28 in HCC at the mRNA and protein levels. The summary receiver operating characteristics curve with the area under curve of 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.81–0.87) indicated the high accuracy of increasing TRIM28 expression for discriminating HCC from non-HCC tissues. According to The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets, TRIM28 mRNA expression was significantly related to age, grade, stage, and pathologic T (p&lt;0.05). Increased TRIM28 expression levels were significant correlated to poor survival in HCC patients. An enrichment analysis suggested that TRIM28-reated genes primarily participated in the spliceosome signaling pathway, with hub genes including SNRPA1, SNRPF, SNRPD1, SF3B2, SNRPB, SNRPE, and EFTUD2. TRIM28 expression was correlated with the infiltration of five immune cells. Higher TRIM28 expression was linked to better sensitivity of tumor cells to pluripotin. Molecular docking showed that pluripotin could bind to TRIM28. Further, knockdown of TRIM28 inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Conclusions TRIM28 is highly expressed in HCC and contribute to the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, leading to unfavorable outcomes. These findings indicate TRIM28 promise as a novel prognostic indicator.
Improving Horizontal Completions on Heterogeneous Tight Shales (2011)

Abstract Production from nanodarcy-range permeability shale formations requires extensive hydraulic fracturing, large volumes of water, and close-spaced wells. The current trend, which includes increasing lateral lengths, increasing the number of perforation stages, and increasing the volume of water and proppants pumped, is unsustainable. Comparing calculations of the possible surface area created during fracturing versus production results indicate that a large portion of the surface area is ineffective to production, resulting in ineffective use of resources and increased costs. This paper describes the fundamental understanding required to improve the efficiency of horizontal completions in oil- and gas-producing shales. Using extensive laboratory characterization of mechanical properties on core, core/log integration, and continuous mapping of these properties by logging-while-drilling (LWD) methods along the horizontal wellbore, appropriate guidelines are defined for effective perforation and fracturing to improve the efficiency and sustainability of horizontal completions. The objective of the study is to improve completion design and horizontal well completions efficiency. This objective is achieved by adequate selection of perforation intervals based on understanding the relevant physical processes and adequate rock characterization. Two reservoir regions, the near-wellbore and the far-wellbore, are defined and essential to completion design. Conditions at the far-wellbore region, which define the extent of the surface area in contact with the reservoir, are fundamental to well productivity. However, these conditions are often poorly understood. The near-wellbore region is the choking point to production, provided that ideal far-wellbore conditions exist. Properties along the near-wellbore region can be measured and are better understood. In this paper, these properties are used to minimize the near-wellbore choking effect by evaluating rock types that maximize near-wellbore fracture width, minimize breakdown pressures, and reduce the potential of solids production during the initial drawdown. The result is a nonsubjective and consistent methodology that defines the variability in near-well fracture performance along wellbores and allows selecting perforation stages based on measured or inferred rock properties (from LWD or drill cuttings analysis). Finally, the method that will be described provides a means for monitoring and comparing consistency between the predicted values and measured results by comparing the results to actual production data. The results of this study show the need to better understand the far-wellbore conditions as well as the near-wellbore conditions when making inferences about well production.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nonpolar and Semipolar GaN (2007)

The photoelectrochemical and electrical properties of nonpolar (1120)-oriented and semipolar (1122)-oriented GaN were compared with those of (0001)-oriented GaN. Flatband potentials were obtained in the order of (1120)<(0001)<(1122). The highest photocurrent at a zero bias had been expected for the (1120) sample considering the flatband potential, but the photocurrent of the (1120) sample was the lowest among the three. This could have been due to the electric properties of the (1120) sample used. The surface morphology changes indeed by the photoelectrochemical reactions are also discussed.
A new species of Bathytoma (Gastropoda: Borsoniidae) from the Philippines (2011)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Comparison of advanced optical imaging techniques with current otolaryngology diagnostics for improved middle ear assessment (Conference Presentation) (2016)

Otolaryngologists utilize a variety of diagnostic techniques to assess middle ear health. Tympanometry, audiometry, and otoacoustic emissions examine the mobility of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) and ossicles using ear canal pressure and auditory tone delivery and detection. Laser Doppler vibrometry provides non-contact vibrational measurement, and acoustic reflectometry is used to assess middle ear effusion using sonar. These technologies and techniques have advanced the field beyond the use of the standard otoscope, a simple tissue magnifier, yet the need for direct visualization of middle ear disease for superior detection, assessment, and management remains. In this study, we evaluated the use of portable optical coherence tomography (OCT) and pneumatic low-coherence interferometry (LCI) systems with handheld probe delivery to standard tympanometry, audiometry, otoacoustic emissions, laser Doppler vibrometry, and acoustic reflectometry. Comparison of these advanced optical imaging techniques and current diagnostics was conducted with a case study subject with a history of unilateral eardrum trauma. OCT and pneumatic LCI provide novel dynamic spatiotemporal structural data of the middle ear, such as the thickness of the eardrum and quantitative detection of underlying disease pathology, which could allow for more accurate diagnosis and more appropriate management than currently possible.
Motion-free PET: Compensating for patient respiration in whole-body PET/CT imaging (2007)

Several hundred hybridomas were obtained from 1-2-mo-old viable motheaten (mev) mice. Among the Ig-secreting hybridomas tested, greater than 50% (17/33) exhibited reactivity for autoantigens, supporting the idea that the Ly-1 B cells that predominate in mev mice contain frequent precursors of autoantibody-forming cells. Certain of the specificities of these autoantibodies correlated with the documented pathophysiology of mev mice (antithymocyte, -erythrocyte, -skin, -kidney, and -IgG); others were specific for autoantigens not previously observed in motheaten mice but though to be involved in other autoimmune diseases (e.g., intrinsic factor, transferrin, myelin basic protein, and thyroglobulin). About 2 of 3 (11/17) of the self-reactive antibodies exhibited multispecific binding activity for various autoantigens. Analysis by Northern blotting of the V gene families used in mev autoantibodies showed a random usage of VH families and a biased usage of four Vk gene families. Of 16 autoantibodies tested, 12 used a Vk gene from the Vk1, 4, 10, or 19 families. These patterns of Vk gene usage differ from nonautoimmune control animals. Overall, an immunoregulatory defect operating at a more generalized level than the VH or Vk loci, and due to a single gene mutation, appears to be responsible for the multiple immune abnormalities of mev mice.
Identification of an adeno-associated virus binding epitope for AVB sepharose affinity resin (2015)

Recent successes of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy have created a demand for large-scale AAV vector manufacturing and purification techniques for use in clinical trials and beyond. During the development of purification protocols for rh.10, hu.37, AAV8, rh.64R1, AAV3B, and AAV9 vectors, based on a widely used affinity resin, AVB sepharose (GE), we found that, under the same conditions, different serotypes have different affinities to the resin, with AAV3B binding the best and AAV9 the poorest. Further analysis revealed a surface-exposed residue (amino acid number 665 in AAV8 VP1 numbering) differs between the high-affinity AAV serotypes (serine in AAV3B, rh.10, and hu.37) and the low-affinity ones (asparagine in AAV8, rh.64R1, and AAV9). The residue locates within a surface-exposed, variable epitope flanked by highly conserved residues. The substitution of the epitope in AAV8, rh.64R1, and AAV9 with the corresponding epitope of AAV3B (SPAKFA) resulted in greatly increased affinity to AVB sepharose with no reduction in the vectors' in vitro potency. The presence of the newly identified AVB-binding epitope will be useful for affinity resin selection for the purification of novel AAV serotypes. It also suggests the possibility of vector engineering to yield a universal affinity chromatography purification method for multiple AAV serotypes.
Expression profile of genes coding for melanoma differentiation antigens and cancer/testis antigens in metastatic lesions of human cutaneous melanoma (2001)

Vaccination-based therapy of melanoma has so far mainly focused on monovalent approaches using either melanoma differentiation antigens or cancer/testis antigens. To study the complementarity of expression from these two families of antigens recognized by T-cells, we screened 47 metastatic lesions of cutaneous melanoma for the expression of three melanoma differentiation antigens and eight cancer/testis antigens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The melanoma differentiation antigens were expressed in a somewhat higher percentage of lesions (94% positive for at least one marker) than the cancer/testis antigens (91% positive for at least one marker). Nearly all the melanoma metastases (98%) expressed at least one of the markers tested. One melanoma metastasis was negative for all the markers. Two out of 47 lesions did not express any of the three differentiation markers but expressed one or more of the cancer/testis antigens, indicating some additional potential for these antigens compared with the melanoma differentiation antigens. Therefore, we conclude that polyvalent immunotherapy using multiple epitopes from both families of antigens might increase the eligibility of melanoma patients and the efficacy of the treatment.