gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-A07: Using Impedance-Based Approaches for Measuring Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) (2015)

Abstract The most common method for measuring cell mediated cytotoxicity is the release assay based on the loss of target cell membrane integrity. Within up to 4 hours following effector cell addition resulting in target cell lysis, either the radioactive release from target cells pre-labeled with Chromium-51 or Indium-111 is measured, or the release of naturally occurring substances, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), into the culture medium is assayed. Release of these substances thus serves as an indirect measure of the extent of cell damage due to effector cell-mediated target cell lysis. Alternative endpoint methods also include flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based granzyme measurement, and morphometric analyses by microscopy. Here we describe an impedance-based real-time label-free method that can automated capture the kinetics of the cell mediated or antibody-dependent cell mediated cytolysis (ADCC) of the target cancer cells. To determine if cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and specifically ADCC, can be investigated using an impedance-based xCELLigence system, the response of tumor cells (as target cells) to natural killer (NK) cell activity (as effector cells), in the presence or absence of immunoglobulin G isotype-specific antibody, was measured. Importantly, it is shown that the addition of NK cells in suspension, over a monolayer of adherent tumor cells, does not produce impedance changes, because the NK cells do not come in contact with the electronic sensor. However, the secretion of perforins and granzymes by these non-adherent NK cells does activate caspases inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Dysfunctional and dying tumor cells detach from the sensor electrode, reducing the number of viable and adhering cells on the electrode surface. Overall, our results show that the impedance-base technology is a label-free alternative to the traditional end-point assays. The automated readouts provide direct, sensitive and specific measurement of target cell changes both short-term (hrs) and long-term (days). It allows the easy quantification of the cell-mediated cytotoxicity and evaluation of the potencies for specific antibodies. Citation Format: Leyna Zhao, Yama Abassi. Using Impedance-Based Approaches for Measuring Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr LB-A07.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation and Aldol Reactions of Acyl Derivatives of N‐1‐(1′‐Naphthyl)ethyl‐O‐tert‐butylhydroxylamine: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Alkoxy‐, α‐Substituted‐β‐alkoxy‐ and α,β‐Dialkoxyaldehydes. (2010)

Abstract The presence of 18‐crown‐6 and a temperature of ‐78°C are beneficial in these reactions to suppress enolate rearrangement.
Fast Measurement of Motor and Suspension Nonlinearities in Loudspeaker Manufacturing (2009)

Nonlinear distortions are measured at the end of the assembly line to check the loudspeaker system and make a pass/fail decision. However, the responses of single components and their total harmonic distortion have a low diagnostic value because they are difficult to interpret and do not reveal the particular cause of a defect. A new measurement technique is presented which measures the nonlinearities of the motor-suspension system directly. The results are single-valued parameters (such as voice-coil offset in millimeters) which are related directly to the geometry and the large-signal parameters of the loudspeaker system. The measurement is only based on the measurement of the electric signals at the loudspeaker terminals, thus providing full robustness against ambient noise. The accuracy of the measurement results is investigated while performing measurements using short stimuli of between 0.2 and 1.3 seconds. New possibilities for on-line diagnostics during end-of-line testing and the integration into production control to increase production yield are discussed.
Shear wave propagation modulates quantitative ultrasound K-distribution echo envelope model statistics in homogeneous viscoelastic phantoms (2012)

In the context of tissue characterization, one may wonder what does the consideration of a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) feature of a medium under the propagation of a shear wave (SW) add to its discriminant power. This study presents the time-varying behavior of the K-distribution beta parameter - the reciprocal of the effective density of scatterers - under SW propagation and its relation with the viscoelasticity of the medium. Transient plane SW at 300 Hz central frequency was transmitted to three agar-gelatin phantoms at different concentrations. The amplitude of the B-mode backscatter echoes acquired with an 8 MHz probe was modeled with the K-distribution. The normalized range of beta (i.e., its range normalized by its mean value as the SW propagates) was determined by considering the B-mode images during SW propagation. Also, the storage (G') and loss (G'') moduli of each phantom were measured on samples with the RheoSpectris hyper-frequency instrument (Rheolution, Montreal, Canada). The time-evolution of the beta parameter and displacements (using cross-correlation) within tissue-mimicking phantoms under SW vibration suggest that the beta parameter can be used to track SW propagation. In-vitro results showed that the normalized range of beta is related to the viscoelasticity of phantoms. By increasing G' and G'', the normalized range of beta decreased. Thus, the consideration of the behavior of beta under SW propagation modifies the effective density of scatterers with respect to static conditions (i.e., without SW). This is new observation and a new step towards understanding statistical QUS behavior.
Guest Editorial: Special Section on Autonomous Intelligence for Security and Privacy Analytics (2019)

We interact with a wide variety of computing systems in our daily life. These computing systems are often connected through a network to provide a wide array of services. Depending on our specific circumstances, our interactions can be with embedded and cyber-physical systems (CPSs) or Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. While these devices vary in terms of form factors, hardware–software integration, and energy constraints, they have one commonality—security and privacy are the primary design considerations. These systems collect and analyze sensitive data, which may include our personal, financial, as well as health information on a regular basis. As a result, the existing academic and industrial efforts have focused on designing systems with security and privacy in mind. Given the complexity of these systems and the diversity of the potential attacks, machine learning (ML) has become an attractive solution for security and privacy analytics.
Towards Middleware Components for Distributed Actuator Coordination (2006)

The pervasive presence and availability of sensor and actuator networks creates the potential for widely distributed Internet-scale control systems. Given these systems’ potential magnitude and complexity, new tools will be required to facilitate their composition and operation, especially as they relate to distributed actuator coordination. This paper introduces and advocates our approach to implementing distributed actuator coordination algorithms using a middleware framework. 1.
Reactions of Other Unsaturated Compounds: Reactions of Alkynes (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Multifunctional Shape and Size Specific Magneto-Polymer Composite Particles (2010)

Interest in uniform multifunctional magnetic particles is driven by potential applications in biomedical and materials science. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of highly tailored nanoscale and microscale magneto-polymer composite particles using a template based approach. Regiospecific surface functionalization of the particles was performed by chemical grafting and evaporative Pt deposition. Manipulation of the particles by an applied magnetic field was demonstrated in water and hydrogen peroxide.
Quantitative Chemical Analysis using DVDs and Conventional Computer Optical Disk Drives (2007)

In optical indicator-based sensing, it is critical to have an inexpensive and portable optical reader that can be operated as a handheld or remotely activated device. With such a reader and an array of indicator films, one can analyze drinking water and air during an overseas trip, water and air near an industrial plant, or water in a swimming pool in a backyard. For these and many other applications, a universal optical reader is very attractive. To eliminate the need to develop and manufacture at a low cost a dedicated optical measurement system, we have developed a new approach for quantitative chem/bio sensing using conventional optical disk drives. We extract analog signals from an optical disk drive and use these signals for quantitative detection of optical changes of sensing films deposited on conventional CD or DVD optical disks.
Anisotropic Magnetic Microparticles from Ferrolfuid Emulsion. (2010)

International audience
Micro vapor bubble jet flow for safe and high-rate fluorescence-activated cell sorting (2017)

Safe, high-rate and cost-effective cell sorting is important for clinical cell isolation. However, commercial fluorescence-activated cell sorters (FACS) are expensive and prone to aerosol-induced sample contamination. Here we report a microfluidic cell sorter allowing high rate and fully enclosed cell sorting. The sorter chip consists of an array of micro heating hotspots. Pulsed resistive heating in the hotspots produces numerous micro vapor bubbles with short duration, which gives rise to a rapid jet flow for cell sorting. With this method, we demonstrated high sorting rate comparable to commercial FACS and the significant enrichment of rare cancer cells. This vapor bubble based cell sorting method can be a powerful tool for contamination-free and affordable clinical cell sorting such as circulating tumor cell isolation and cancer cell therapy.
Lithium Chlorides and Bromides as Promising Solid‐State Chemistries for Fast Ion Conductors with Good Electrochemical Stability (2019)

Abstract Enabling all‐solid‐state Li‐ion batteries requires solid electrolytes with high Li ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability. Following recent experimental reports of Li 3 YCl 6 and Li 3 YBr 6 as promising new solid electrolytes, we used first principles computation to investigate the Li‐ion diffusion, electrochemical stability, and interface stability of chloride and bromide materials and elucidated the origin of their high ionic conductivities and good electrochemical stabilities. Chloride and bromide chemistries intrinsically exhibit low migration energy barriers, wide electrochemical windows, and are not constrained to previous design principles for sulfide and oxide Li‐ion conductors, allowing for much greater freedom in structure, chemistry, composition, and Li sublattice for developing fast Li‐ion conductors. Our study highlights chloride and bromide chemistries as a promising new research direction for solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and good stability.
In vivo characterization of 3D skull and brain motion during dynamic head vibration using magnetic resonance elastography (2018)

This study provides a framework for acquiring in vivo voxel-based skull and brain displacement using MRE that can be used to characterize the skull-brain coupling system for understanding of mechanical brain protection mechanisms, which has potential to facilitate risk management for future injury.
Antigenic distinctions of glycoproteins in plasma and mitochondrial membranes of lymphoid cells neoplastically transformed by simian virus 40. (1977)

Highly purified plasma membranes from hamster lymphocytes transformed by simian virus 40 (GD 248) were compared with the membranes of normal cells by crossed immune electrophoresis, crossed-line immune electrophoresis, and bidimensional isoelectric focusing-immune electrophoresis. Antiserum raised by inoculation of guinea pigs with GD 248 membranes was used as serologic reagent, either directly or after absorption with membranes from normal cells. Bidimensional immune electrophoresis reveals the presence in the plasma membranes of GD 248 cells of at least three antigens not detectable in the membranes from the normal cell population. At least two of these are also present in the mitochondrial membranes of GD 248 cells, but none could be detected in membranes of embryonic fibroblasts. Bidimensional isoelectric focusing-immune electrophoresis indicates that the distinctive antigens of the GD 248 membranes are glycoproteins.
Left hepatic vein: can be sutured and ligated blindly in left hepatectomy? (2003)

The left hepatic vein should not be sutured and ligated blindly in left hepatectomy because there might be a potential damage to the middle hepatic vein.
Investigations of continual computation (2009)

Autonomous agents that sense, reason, and act in real-world environments for extended periods often need to solve streams of incoming problems. Traditionally, effort is applied only to problems that have already arrived and have been noted. We examine continual computation methods that allow agents to ideally allocate time to solving current as well as potential future problems under uncertainty. We first review prior work on continual computation. Then, we present new directions and results, including the consideration of shared subtasks and multiple tasks. We present results on the computational complexity of the continual-computation problem and provide approximations for arbitrary models of computational performance. Finally, we review special formulations for addressing uncertainty about the best algorithm to apply, learning about performance, and considering costs associated with delayed use of results. 1
A low-power DS-CDMA RAKE receiver utilizing resource allocation techniques (2004)

This paper presents architectural and implementation innovations made to realize a self-contained front-end processor for any DS-CDMA-based system. At the heart of the ASIC is a highly flexible RAKE processing engine that utilizes a unique resource allocation technique for maximum flexibility. The front-end of the chip consists of a matched filter and an all digital timing and frequency recovery loop based on interpolation and direct digital frequency synthesis (DDFS) techniques. A highly configurable multipath combiner is used to generate the final demodulated symbols by combining contributions from different multipath in a maximal ratio combining scheme. The combiner is also instrumental in performing channel estimation/correction and in closing the loop on the timing and frequency recovery circuits. The chip also features a multipath searcher which performs an energy scan of the wireless channel to decide on new valid multipath. To minimize power consumption and enhance the flexibility of the architecture a unique data tagging technique is utilized to decouple the sampling rate of the incoming data from the processing frequency of different blocks of the ASIC. All resources are programmable via a microcontroller interface that provides firmware control over system resources. Furthermore, the architecture supports the concept of design reuse by enabling simple modular expansion as a means of increasing resources. The resulting layout area is 8.29 mm/sup 2/ in a 0.18-/spl mu/m 1-poly 6-metal CMOS process and consists of 320000 equivalent gates. The core consumes a total of 4.032 mW in a typical load scenario including full demodulation of two RAKE fingers and simultaneous searching for new multipath.
The Role of the Microbiome in Gastroentero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs) (2022)

Gut microbiome balance plays a key role in human health and maintains gut barrier integrity. Dysbiosis, referring to impaired gut microbiome, is linked to a variety of diseases, including cancers, through modulation of the inflammatory process. Most studies concentrated on adenocarcinoma of different sites with very limited information on gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we have analyzed the gut microbiome (both fungal and bacterial communities) in patients with metastatic GEP-NENs. Fecal samples were collected and compared with matched healthy control samples using logistic regression distances utilizing R package MatchIt (version 4.2.0, Daniel E. Ho, Stanford, CA, USA). We examined differences in microbiome profiles between GEP-NENs and control samples using small subunit (SSU) rRNA (16S), ITS1, ITS4 genomic regions for their ability to accurately characterize bacterial and fungal communities. We correlated the results with different behavioral and dietary habits, and tumor features including differentiation, grade, primary site, and therapeutic response. All tests are two-sided and <i>p</i>-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Gut samples of 34 patients (12 males, 22 females, median age 64 years) with metastatic GEP-NENs (22 small bowel, 10 pancreatic, 1 gall bladder, and 1 unknown primary) were analyzed. Twenty-nine patients had well differentiated GEP-neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), (G1 = 14, G2 = 12, G3 = 3) and five patients had poorly differentiated GEP-neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs). Patients with GEP-NENs had significantly decreased bacterial species and increased fungi (notably <i>Candida</i> species, Ascomycota, and species belonging to saccharomycetes) compared to controls. Patients with GEP-NECs had significantly enriched populations of specific bacteria and fungi (such as <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i>, <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> and <i>Trichosporon asahii</i>) compared to those with GEP-NETs (<i>p</i> = 0.048, 0.0022 and 0.034, respectively). In addition, higher grade GEP-NETs were associated with significantly higher <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.022), and <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.00018) species compared to lower grade tumors. There were substantial differences associated with dietary habits and therapeutic responses. This is the first study to analyze the role of the microbiome environment in patients with GEP-NENs. There were significant differences between GEP-NETs and GEP-NECs, supporting the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of these two distinct entities.
The conjugated oligoelectrolyte DSSN+ enables exceptional coulombic efficiencyviadirect electron transfer for anode-respiringShewanella oneidensisMR-1—a mechanistic study (2014)

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was cultivated on lactate with poised graphite electrode acceptors (E = +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) in order to explore the basis for sustained increases in anodic current output following the addition of the lipid-intercalating conjugated oligoelectrolyte (COE), 4,4'-bis(4'-(N,N-bis(6''-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)amino)-styryl)stilbene tetraiodide (DSSN+). Microbial cultures, which were spiked with DSSN+, exhibit a ∼2.2-fold increase in charge collected, a ∼3.1-fold increase in electrode colonization by S. oneidensis, and a ∼1.7-fold increase in coulombic efficiency from 51 ± 10% to an exceptional 84 ± 7% without obvious toxicity effects. Direct microbial biofilm voltammetry reveals that DSSN+ rapidly and sustainably increases cytochrome-based direct electron transfer and subsequently increases flavin-based mediated electron transfer. Control experiments indicate that DSSN+ does not contribute to the current in the absence of bacteria.
First Demonstration of Hollow-Core Fiber for Intra Data Center Low Latency Connectivity with a Commercial 100Gb/s Interface (2015)

For the first time 100Gb/s transmission using commercial low latency hardware is demonstrated over the longest manufactured hollow-core fiber (2.75km) to date, proving the feasibility of ultra-low latency intra-data center connectivity.
Supplementary Data from Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data&lt;/p&gt;
Flow Compensation in Non-Balanced SSFP (2008)

Flow compensation is a critical issue in non-balanced SSFP imaging because high first-order moments are achieved in the dephasing direction. Phase accumulation leads to steady-state disruption and consequent blurring artifacts and signal loss, especially in presence of long-T2 tissues. In this work, a theoretical explanation of the artifacts is given, showing how phase fluctuations influence the amplitude and the stability of the signal, and optimized flow compensated SSFP-FID and SSFP-echo sequences are presented. Finally, In vivo application of the sequence is demonstrated.
Positron emission tomography of a human prostate cancer xenograft: association of changes in deoxyglucose accumulation with other measures of outcome following androgen withdrawal. (1998)

The current means of assessing response in prostate cancer are imprecise because changes in tumor size are often slow and difficult to document, and alterations in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels do not always correlate with clinical outcomes. Using the CWR22 human prostate cancer xenograft model, serial changes in prostate tumor metabolism were assessed after androgen withdrawal by [3H]deoxyglucose (DOG) accumulation in the tumors and noninvasively using positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose as a radiotracer. A significant decrease in [3H]DOG accumulation was observed at 48 h after androgen withdrawal [62% of preandrogen withdrawal value (95% confidence interval: 0.59, 0.65)], reaching a maximum decline at day 10 [38% of preandrogen withdrawal value (95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.40)]. Using PET, parallel changes in tumor metabolism were demonstrated and preceded changes in tumor volume and marked declines in serum PSA. DOG accumulation returned to near baseline upon reintroduction of androgen. The decrease in DOG accumulation was associated with a decline in the proportion of tumor cells in active cell cycle from >60% to <5% at 7-10 days after androgen withdrawal. No increase in the proportion of tumor cells undergoing apoptosis was observed during this time period, implying an arrest in a G0/early G1 state. DOG accumulation in tumor cells, measured directly and by PET, correlated with androgen changes in the host. The results suggest that serial monitoring of DOG accumulation using PET scanning may be useful as an early indicator of treatment efficacy and other outcome measures in prostate cancer.
Performance of an automated blood glucose monitor in the OR/ICU (2010)

DexCom and Edwards Lifesciences collaborated to develop an intravenous blood glucose monitor for use in a critical care environment. The system provides automatic, real-time monitoring and trending of blood glucose (BG) values for critical care patients. The system is designed to address the needs of clinicians to monitor BG in critical care units. The sensor was also designed to accurately measure BG even in the presence of many drugs commonly used in the hospital.