gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sterocontrol in Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons condensations of a gem-dimethylcyclopropyl aldehyde with .alpha.-substituted phosphono acetates (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSterocontrol in Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons condensations of a gem-dimethylcyclopropyl aldehyde with .alpha.-substituted phosphono acetatesGerald B. Hammond, Marilyn Blagg Cox, and David F. WiemerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 1, 128–132Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00288a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00288a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views578Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Differential Energy Absorption X-Ray Cassette</title> (1976)

A special cassette was designed to enhance radiographic image contrast using two intensifying screens which preferentially absorb in different regions of the x-ray energy spectrum, and which expose corresponding emulsions. The emulsions are developed in subtractive colors to display the structure of interest as variations in both intensity and hue. Theoretical expressions for contrast enhancement available with various screen combinations were made. Preliminary phantom color radiographs show the potential of this technique for contrast enchancement.
Achiral non-branched rod-shaped liquid crystals showing anticlinic smectic phase (2003)

Both peripheral ends of some straight-shaped mesogenic compounds, possessing a biphenyl or azobenzene moiety as the central rigid core, were systematically modified, and the effect on the liquid-crystalline properties investigated. Introduction of phenyl rings into the middle of the flexible chains was found to produce a well-defined smectic layered structure. Further introduction of another phenyl ring at each terminal end of the peripheral chain had a significant effect on the determination of the molecular tilt direction in the smectic phase, i.e., synclinic or anticlinic. Thus, novel molecular architecture for stabilizing the anticlinic smectic phase was introduced and the origin of the anticlinic ordering discussed.
Benard Convection of Electrolytic Solution in Electric Field (1983)

電場中に置かれた電解質溶液層内のベナール対流における安定性, 物質移動速度, 対流パターンに及ぼす泳動効果を実験的, 理論的に調べた.H2SO4水溶液中のCu2+イオンが銅電極表面上に析出することによって生ずる濃度勾配が, 不安定な密度勾配を形成してベナール対流を発生させる. 電解質溶液層内を流れる電流値を測定することにより, 静止状態から定常対流状態に至るまでの平均物質移動速度の経時変化を求めた. 定常状態の平均シャーウッド数は, 対応する伝熱系のヌッセルト数よりも常に大きい値を示し, 泳動効果は物質移動速度を促進させる. 波数とレイリー数の関係, および六角セル内の対流の向きは伝熱系の場合と異なる. エネルギー積分法を用いた理論的な解析により, 泳動効果は電解質溶液層を不安定化し, 臨界レイリー数を低下させ, 平均シャーウッド数を増加させることがわかった.
Injection anaesthesia with fentanyl–midazolam–medetomidine in adult female mice: importance of antagonization and perioperative care (2016)

Injection anaesthesia is commonly used in laboratory mice; however, a disadvantage is that post-anaesthesia recovery phases are long. Here, we investigated the potential for shortening the recovery phase after injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole. In order to monitor side-effects, the depth of anaesthesia, heart rate (HR), core body temperature (BT) and concentration of blood gases, as well as reflex responses, were assessed during a 50 min anaesthesia. Mice were allowed to recover from the anaesthesia in their home cages either with or without antagonization, while HR, core BT and spontaneous home cage behaviours were recorded for 24 h. Mice lost righting reflex at 330 ± 47 s after intraperitoneal injection of fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine. During anaesthesia, HR averaged 225 ± 23 beats/min, respiratory rate and core BT reached steady state at 131 ± 15 breaths/min and 34.3 ± 0.25℃, respectively. Positive pedal withdrawal reflex, movement triggered by tail pinch and by toe pinch, still occurred in 25%, 31.2% and 100% of animals, respectively. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed acidosis, hypoxia, hypercapnia and a marked increase in glucose concentration. After anaesthesia reversal by injection with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole, animals regained consciousness after 110 ± 18 s and swiftly returned to physiological baseline values, yet they displayed diminished levels of locomotion and disrupted circadian rhythm. Without antagonization, mice showed marked hypothermia (22 ± 1.9℃) and bradycardia (119 ± 69 beats/min) for several hours. Fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine provided reliable anaesthesia in mice with reasonable intra-anaesthetic side-effects. Post-anaesthetic period and related adverse effects were both reduced substantially by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole.
Quantification of monoacylglycerol lipase and its occupancy by an exogenous ligand in rhesus monkey brains using [18F]T-401 and PET (2021)

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a cytosolic serine hydrolase that cleaves monoacylglycerols into fatty acids and is a potential target for the novel treatment of CNS disorders related to the endocannabinoid system and neuroinflammation. We have developed [<sup>18</sup>F]T-401 as a selective Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent for MAGL. In this study, we determined an analytical method to quantify MAGL availability and its occupancy by an exogenous inhibitor in rhesus monkey brains using [<sup>18</sup>F]T-401-PET. In rhesus monkeys, regional time-activity curves were described well when using an extended 2-tissue compartment model that accommodated the formation of a radiometabolite in the brain. This model yielded reliable estimates of the total distribution volume (<i>V</i><sub>T</sub>), and the rank order of <i>V</i><sub>T</sub> was consistent with known regional activity of MAGL enzyme in primates. The pretreatment of monkeys with JW642 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of [<sup>18</sup>F]T-401 retentions in the brain, and <i>V</i><sub>T</sub>. Lassen's graphical analysis indicated a <i>V</i><sub>ND</sub> of 0.69 mL/cm<sup>3</sup> and a plasma JW642 concentration of 126 ng/mL for inhibiting the specific binding by 50%. [<sup>18</sup>F]T-401 and the method established can be used for quantification of MAGL in healthy brain and in disease conditions, and is suitable for evaluations of target engagement at cerebral MAGL.
Central nervous system vasculitis as a complication of refractory dermatomyositis. (2001)

We describe a 47-year-old woman with refractory dermatomyositis (DM) who developed progressive cognitive dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large cerebral infarction, and the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis was confirmed by both angiogram and brain biopsy. Her DM and CNS vasculitis responded promptly to the institution of daily cyclophosphamide, and her previously refractory disease entered remission.
TU‐C‐201C‐02: Physical Validation of PET/CT for Imaging as a Biomarker (2010)

An expanding goal of quantitative medical imaging is it use by clinical investigators, cooperative cancer trial groups, and pharma in clinical trials of new cancer therapies. Quantitative measures of tracer uptake used in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have been shown to be a predictor of patient outcome including pathologic response, disease‐free survival and overall survival in single institution imaging and therapy trials. There is increasing interest in using PET as a biomarker to evaluate response to therapy and possibly as an endpoint for cancer therapeutic response in multi‐center trials. However, several sources of variance and inherent in quantifying PET tracer uptake should understood and determined in order to ascertain the significance of differences in serial measurements and aid estimation of expected variances during clinical trial design. This has three distinct and linked components; (1) measuring and reducing the bias and variance of multi‐center quantitative PET/CT imaging measurements, (2) devising optimal PET image analysis methods appropriate for quantitative PET/CT imaging in clinical trials, and (3) developing and testing guidelines for incorporating quantitative PET/CT imaging as a biomarker and measure of response in cancer clinical trial design. Underlying themes include optimizing the clinical and biologic data that can be gleaned from imaging in the setting of cancer therapy clinical trials, matching the design of the imaging components to the phase and complexity of the cancer clinical therapy trial, and matching the imaging approach to the type of tumor and the therapeutic agent.
The generalized finite amplitude insert substitution method for estimation of the ultrasound parameter of nonlinearity (2020)

The estimation of the ultrasound parameter of nonlinearity (B/A) has shown promise for improved tissue characterization. The finite amplitude insert substitution method (FAIS) is a simple technique that measures B/A. It derives B/A based on the ratio between the 2nd harmonic generated in a reference medium (known B/A) and in the sample of interest, measured in transmission mode between a source and a receiver transducer. The classical FAIS was presented for media with a linear frequency dependence of attenuation, and assumes the sample to be positioned close to the receiver. In this work, the FAIS was generalized to allow arbitrary sample positions and arbitrary frequency dependence of attenuation. The introduced generalization of the method and the utilized setup for B/A measurement were validated by measuring B/A in corn oil and 2 animal tissues: porcine liver and porcine fat, whose B/A are known. The experimental conditions which optimize the accuracy of the estimated B/A were also investigated. The mean B/A for the chosen measurements was 10.8 ± 0.8 for oil (ref. B/A = 10.3), 5.1 ± 0.8 for porcine liver (ref. B/A = 6.9) and 11.9 ± 1.6 for porcine fat (ref. B/A = 10.9), showing the feasibility of B/A measurement by the proposed generalized method.
Detecting Alarm Sounds (2001)

Alarms such as phone rings, smoke alarms and sirens are an important component of the acoustic world, designed to convey urgent information in an efficient and unambiguous manner. We are investigating automatic recognition of this class of sounds both because of the practical applications for the hearing impaired, and also because alarm sounds are deliberately constructed to be easily heard, making them a promising target for detection in adverse circumstances. We compare two different approaches to alarm detection, one based on techniques and representations borrowed from speech recognition, and the other more specifically designed to exploit the structure of alarm sounds and minimize the influence of background interference. In this preliminary work, both approaches achieve similarly poor error rates but with different patterns in response to alarm type and background noise.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of focal choroidal excavation in eyes with age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and central serous chorioretinopathy (2015)

FCE is more common in PCV than AMD-CNV and CSC. Disturbance in the choroid/retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch membrane interface affected by FCE may be linked to the pathogenesis of PCV and AMD-CNV.
Design of adaptive steganographic schemes for digital images (2011)

Most steganographic schemes for real digital media embed messages by minimizing a suitably defined distortion function. In practice, this is often realized by syndrome codes which offer near-optimal rate-distortion performance. However, the distortion functions are designed heuristically and the resulting steganographic algorithms are thus suboptimal. In this paper, we present a practical framework for optimizing the parameters of additive distortion functions to minimize statistical detectability. We apply the framework to digital images in both spatial and DCT domain by first defining a rich parametric model which assigns a cost of making a change at every cover element based on its neighborhood. Then, we present a practical method for optimizing the parameters with respect to a chosen detection metric and feature space. We show that the size of the margin between support vectors in soft-margin SVMs leads to a fast detection metric and that methods minimizing the margin tend to be more secure w.r.t. blind steganalysis. The parameters obtained by the Nelder-Mead simplex-reflection algorithm for spatial and DCT-domain images are presented and the new embedding methods are tested by blind steganalyzers utilizing various feature sets. Experimental results show that as few as 80 images are sufficient for obtaining good candidates for parameters of the cost model, which allows us to speed up the parameter search.
Design and properties of “Janus-like” supermolecular liquid crystals (2003)

A new class of “Janus” liquid crystal compounds has been prepared with molecular weights in excess of 4000 D, but which have better temperature ranges with respect to room temperature than the revolutionary commercial material 4′-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB).
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an effective adjuvant for protein and peptide-based vaccines (1996)

The current studies evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. An important issue for developing vaccine therapy for human malignancy is identifying adjuvants that can elicit T-cell responses to proteins and peptides derived from "self" tumor antigens. GM-CSF, in vitro, stimulates the growth of antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Initial experiments examined whether GM-CSF injected into the skin of rats could affect the number or character of antigen presenting cells, measured as class II major histocompatability complex expressing cells, in lymph nodes draining the injection site. Intradermal (id) inoculation of GM-CSF every 24 hours for a total of five inoculations resulted in an increase of class II+ fluorescing cells that peaked at the fourth inoculation. Subcutaneous (sq) inoculation resulted in an increase of class II+ fluorescing cells that peaked following the second inoculation, then decreased over time. Using this schema for "conditioning" the inoculation site, GM-CSF was administered id or sq for five injections and a foreign antigen, tetanus toxoid (tt), was given at the beginning or the end of the immunization cycle. Id immunization was more effective than sq at eliciting tt specific immunity. In addition, GM-CSF id, administered as a single dose with antigen, compared favorably with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and alum in eliciting tt specific antibody and cellular immunity. We have shown that immunity to rat neu (c-erbB-2) protein, an oncogenic self protein, can be generated in rats by immunization with peptides derived from the normal rat neu sequence plus CFA. The current study demonstrates that rat neu peptides inoculated with GM-CSF could elicit a strong delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) response, whereas peptides alone were non-immunogenic. GM-CSF was as effective as CFA in generating rat neu specific DTH responses after immunization with a neu peptide based vaccine. Soluble GM-CSF is a potent adjuvant for the generation of immune responses to foreign proteins as well as peptides derived from a self tumor antigen.
Neurokinin B Induces Oedema Formation in Mouse Lung Via Tachykinin Receptor‐Independent Mechanisms (2002)

The tachykinin neurokinin B (NKB) has been implicated in the hypertension that characterises pre-eclampsia, a condition where tissue oedema is also observed. The ability of NKB, administered intradermally or intravenously, to induce oedema formation (assessed as plasma extravasation) was examined by extravascular accumulation of intravenously injected (125)I-albumin in wild-type and tachykinin NK(1) receptor knockout mice. Intradermal NKB (30-300 pmol) caused dose-dependent plasma extravasation in wild-type (P < 0.05) but not NK(1) knockout mice, indicating an essential role for the NK(1) receptor in mediating NKB-induced skin oedema. Intravenous administration of NKB to wild-type mice produced plasma extravasation in skin, uterus, liver (P < 0.05) and particularly in the lung (P < 0.01). Surprisingly, the same doses of NKB led to plasma extravasation in the lung and liver of NK(1) knockout mice. By comparison, the tachykinin substance P induced only minimal plasma extravasation in the lungs of wild-type mice. The plasma extravasation produced by NKB in the lungs of NK(1) receptor knockout mice was unaffected by treatment with the NK(2) receptor antagonist SR48968 (3 mg kg(-1)), by the NK(3) receptor antagonists SR142801 (3 mg kg(-1)) and SB-222200 (5 mg kg(-1)) or by the cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin (20 mg kg(-1)). L-Nitro-arginine methyl ester (15 mg kg(-1)), an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), produced only a partial inhibition. We conclude that NKB is a potent stimulator of plasma extravasation through two distinct pathways: via activation of NK(1) receptors, and via a novel neurokinin receptor-independent pathway specific to NKB that operates in the mouse lung. These findings are in keeping with a role for NKB in mediating plasma extravasation in diseases such as pre-eclampsia.
Maschinenuntersuchung funktionaler Baugruppen von Mähdreschern (1996)

Ein Meswerterfassungssystem fur die experimentelle Prozesanalyse des Mahdruschprozesses unter Feldbedingungen wird vorgestellt, das die Stoffstrome in der Maschine an mehreren Mesorten, uber eine langere Periode und unter Echtzeitbedingungen erfassen kann. Die Belastungsanalyse einzelner Funktionselemente in Abhangigkeit von verschiedenen Parametern wird erlautert.
Welcome message (2015)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to IEEE MILCOM 2015 - the premier international conference on military communications. This 34th annual forum with theme “Leveraging Technology - The Joint Imperative” gathers thought leaders from government, military, industry and academia to discuss innovative research and cutting-edge technologies that joint-level collaboration brings to military communications.
Development of Fluorescence Microscopy Method to Detect Airborne Asbestos and the Challenge of Automation (2020)

大気中に浮遊するアスベスト微細繊維の検出には位相差顕微鏡と電子顕微鏡を組み合わせた方法が使われる。しかしこの方法は時間がかかり，高度な技術とともに大型の装置を必要とすることから，解体現場でのアスベスト検出には適さない。著者らは，アスベストを選択的に光らせる蛍光試薬を利用した蛍光顕微鏡法の開発を行ってきた。蛍光顕微鏡法による測定と，電子顕微鏡法による測定を実施して比較した結果，両方法による測定結果は高い相関性を示すことがわかった。2017 年，本方法は解体現場におけるアスベスト漏洩の検査法として，環境省アスベストモニタリングマニュアルに掲載された。また一方，現場での蛍光顕微鏡法の利用を進めるために，野外での利用に耐えうるような可搬型蛍光顕微鏡を開発した。本装置と大気サンプリング/染色装置を利用した蛍光顕微鏡法は，解体現場で1時間以内に結果を出すことができる。著者らは現在，人工知能を搭載したアスベスト繊維解析ソフトウェアを利用して蛍光顕微鏡法の完全自動化を行っている。
A Method for Evaluating Head-Controlled Computer Input Devices Using Fitts' Law (1990)

The discrete movement task employed in this study consisted of moving a cursor from the center of a computer display screen to circular targets located 24.4 and 110.9 mm in eight radial directions. The target diameters were 2.7, 8.1, and 24.2 mm. Performance measures included movement time, cursor path distance, and root-mean-square cursor deviation. Ten subjects with no movement disabilities were studied using a conventional mouse and a lightweight ultrasonic head-controlled computer input pointing device. Average movement time was 306 ms greater (63%) for the head-controlled pointer than for the mouse. The effect of direction on movement time for the mouse was relatively small compared with the head-controlled pointer, which was lowest at 90 and 270 deg, corresponding to head extension and head flexion, respectively. Average path distance and root mean square displacement was lowest at off-diagonal directions (0, 90, 180, and 270 deg). This methodology was also shown to be useful for evaluating performance using an alternative head-controlled input device for two subjects having cerebral palsy, and measured subtle performance improvements after providing a disabled subject with lateral torso support.
Service Migration Scenarios for Embedded Networks (2010)

More and more devices are becoming network enabled and are integrated within one large, distributed system. The service-oriented paradigm is the predominant concept for the implementation of this approach and helps to deal with heterogeneous network infrastructures. For long term deployments, e. g., in process and building automation, installations have to be adaptable over time. During runtime new services will be added to the network, old services will be replaced and deployed services will be relocated to adapt the network to environmental changes and new application fields. Handling these updates is challenging, because the impact on the currently executed applications has to be minimized. In general, such tasks are very application specific. However, the service based application development paradigm allows applying a generic approach for most of the scenarios. This paper presents such a generic solution by adding mechanisms, which are capable of handling service migration and service updates, to a sensor network middleware.
Time-resolved observation of fast domain-walls driven by vertical spin currents in short tracks (2013)

We present time-resolved measurements of the displacement of magnetic domain-walls (DWs) driven by vertical spin-polarized currents in track-shaped magnetic tunnel junctions. In these structures, we observe very high DW velocities (600 m/s) at current densities below 107 A/cm2. We show that the efficient spin-transfer torque combined with a short propagation distance allows avoiding the Walker breakdown process and achieving deterministic, reversible, and fast (≈1 ns) DW-mediated switching of magnetic tunnel junction elements, which is of great interest for the implementation of fast DW-based spintronic devices.
Targeting the SUMO Pathway Primes All- trans Retinoic Acid–Induced Differentiation of Nonpromyelocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemias (2018)

Differentiation therapies using all-<i>trans</i> retinoic acid (ATRA) are highly efficient at treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, their efficacy, if any, is limited in the case of non-APL AML. We report here that inhibition of SUMOylation, a posttranslational modification related to ubiquitination, restores the prodifferentiation and antiproliferative activities of retinoids in non-APL AML. Controlled inhibition of SUMOylation with the pharmacologic inhibitors 2-D08 or anacardic acid, or via overexpression of SENP deSUMOylases, enhanced the ATRA-induced expression of key genes involved in differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in non-APL AML cells. This activated ATRA-induced terminal myeloid differentiation and reduced cell proliferation and viability, including in AML cells resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Conversely, enhancement of SUMOylation via overexpression of the SUMO-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 dampened expression of ATRA-responsive genes and prevented differentiation. Thus, inhibition of the SUMO pathway is a promising strategy to sensitize patients with non-APL AML to retinoids and improve the treatment of this poor-prognosis cancer.<b>Significance:</b> SUMOylation silences key ATRA-responsive genes in nonpromyelocytic acute myeloid leukemias. <i>Cancer Res; 78(10); 2601-13. ©2018 AACR</i>.