gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transduction of satellite cells after prenatal intramuscular administration of lentiviral vectors (2004)

This study demonstrates transduction of muscle satellite cells following prenatal viral vector mediated gene transfer. These findings may have important implications for gene therapy strategies directed toward muscular dystrophy.
Implantable electrochemical biosensors for retinal prostheses (2013)

Progress has been made in the development of implantable electrochemical biosensors. However, to date a commercially available long-term implantable biosensor is still out of reach. The foreign body response poses great challenges for long-term implantable devices. Retinal prostheses provide a platform for incorporation of biosensors for neural stimulation and biosensing in the human eye.
Instabilities in low-pressure electronegative inductive discharges (2001)

Plasma instabilities have been studied in low-pressure inductive processing discharges with SF6 and Ar/SF6 mixtures, i.e. attaching gases. Oscillations are seen in charged particle density, electron temperature and plasma potential using electrostatic probe and optical emission measurements. For SF6, instability onset in pressure and driving power has been explored for gas pressures between 2.5 and 100 mTorr and absorbed powers between 150 and 900 W. For pressures above 20 mTorr, increasing power is required to obtain the instability with increasing pressure, with the frequency of the instability increasing with pressure, mainly lying between 1 and 100 kHz. For Ar/SF6 mixtures, we observe a similar low power transition, with an upper transition to a stable inductive mode. The instability windows become smaller as the argon partial pressure increases. For Ar/SF6 mixtures, we observe a significant effect of the matching network. We improve a previously developed volume-averaged (global) model to describe the instability. We consider a cylindrical discharge containing time varying electrons, positive ions, negative ions, and time invariant excited states. The driving power is applied to the discharge through a conventional L-type capacitive matching network, and we use realistic models for the inductive and capacitive energy deposition. The particle and energy balance equations are integrated, considering quasi-neutrality in the plasma volume and charge balance at the walls, to produce the dynamical behaviour. As pressure or power is varied to cross a threshold, the instability is born at a Hopf bifurcation, with relaxation oscillations between higher and lower density states. The model qualitatively agrees with experimental observations, and also shows a significant influence of the matching network.
Wavelet Packet Filterbank for Speech Processing Strategies in Cochlear Implants (2006)

Current speech processing strategies for cochlear implants use a filterbank which decomposes the audio signals into multiple frequency bands each associated with one electrode. Pitch perception with cochlear implants is related to the number of electrodes inserted in the cochlea and to the rate of stimulation of these electrodes. The filterbank should, therefore, be able to analyze the time-frequency features of the audio signals while also exploiting the time-frequency features of the implant. This study investigates the influence on speech intelligibility in cochlear implant users when filterbanks with different time-frequency resolutions are used. Three filter-banks, based on the structure of a wavelet packet transform but using different basis functions, were designed. The filter-banks were incorporated into a commercial speech processing strategy and were tested on device users in an acute study.
1.57 &#x00B5;m passively mode-locked wafer-fused semiconductor disk laser (2009)

Semiconductor disk lasers (SDLs) operating around 1.55 mum have been the subject of increasing interest. The performance of monolithically grown SDLs in this wavelength range suffers, however, from the poor quality of the InP-based distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). Recently, wafer fusion technique was applied to a long- wavelength SDL to avoid this obstacle. An active region grown on InP substrate was wafer fused to a GaAs/AlGaAs-based DBR resulting in a device operating at 1.57 mum with 2.6 W average output power and a near diffraction limited beam. Here we present the first mode-locked SDL using a wafer-fused gain reflector.
Microtubule depolymerization contributes to spontaneous neurotransmitter release (2022)

EMPIAR, the Electron Microscopy Public Image Archive centered at EMBL-EBI, is a public resource for raw electron microscopy images related to EMDB, contains micrographs, particle sets and tilt-series.
Large-Volume Self-Organization of Polymer/Nanoparticle Hybrids with Millimeter-Scale Grain Sizes Using Brush Block Copolymers (2015)

We report that an exceptionally large volume of highly ordered arrays (single grains) on the order of millimeters in scale can be rapidly created through a unique innate guiding mechanism of brush block copolymers (BBCPs). The grain volume is over 10(9) times larger than that of typical self-assembled linear BCPs (LBCPs). The use of strong interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and BBCPs enables high loadings of functional materials, up to 76 wt % (46 vol %) in the target domain, while maintaining excellent long-range order. Overall, this work provides a simple method to precisely control the spatial orientation of functionalities at nanometer length scales over macroscopic volumes, thereby enabling the production of hybrid materials for many important applications.
A novel CRTH2 antagonist: Single‐ and multiple‐dose tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ACT‐453859 in healthy subjects (2015)

The chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T-helper 2 cells (CRTH2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor for prostaglandin D2 , a key mediator in inflammatory disorders. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study we investigated the single- and multiple-dose tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) up to a dose of 800 mg once a day of ACT-453859, a potent and selective CRTH2 antagonist. ACT-453859 was moderately rapidly absorbed and followed a biphasic elimination pattern, with an elimination half-life between 11 and 20 hours. Steady-state conditions were reached after 1 day, and ACT-453859 did not accumulate. Urinary excretion of unchanged ACT-453859 did not exceed 1.4% of the administered dose. Administration of ACT-453859 resulted in a dose-dependent blockadeof CRTH2 on the surface of eosinophils. The maximum PD effect of ACT-453859 was reached about 2.0 hours after dosing, which corresponded to the highest concentration at which PD were assessed. At steady state, 100 and 800 mg ACT-453859 once a day resulted in blockade of CRTH2 over 24 hours. In this entry-into-humans study, ACT-453859 showed good tolerability at all doses and a PK and PD profile compatible with once-daily dosing.
Anti-cropping blind resynchronization for 3D watermarking (2015)

Radial-based 3D watermarking alters the distances between the center of mass of the 3D mesh and its vertices. These watermarking systems are inherently sensitive to cropping. To address this limitation, this paper introduces a complementary blind resynchronization module to transmit critical synchronization information to the watermark decoder. Spherical patterns formed by several secret landmark vertices are embedded alongside the payload and blindly retrieved by the decoder, thereby conveying the synchronization information needed. Experimental results showcase significant improvement against cropping, while preserving performances against valumetric attacks thanks to a control parameter that automatically switches between alternate resynchronization modes.
Site-Selective Ion Intercalation Controls Spectral Response in Electrochromic Hexagonal Tungsten Oxide Nanocrystals (2022)

The electrochromism of tungsten oxide occurs through electrochemical reduction, providing active solar control to smart windows, but control over the spectral response is limited and largely empirical. To determine how specific chemical changes result in the optical absorption processes responsible for coloration, we pair structurally well-defined electrochromic nanocrystals (NCs) with cations of varying ionic radii to limit intercalation into specific crystallographic sites. The localized surface plasmon absorption of hexagonal cesium-doped tungsten oxide (Cs:WO3) NCs is enhanced, and new absorption features appear, depending on how the cations intercalate into various interstitial voids. These differences were rationalized using X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies to reveal the chemical and structural changes leading to the observed variations in the electrochemically induced absorption spectra. Smaller cations, Na+ and Li+, can access additional interstitial sites, leading to a secondary, polaronic mechanism of electrochromism, accounting for enhanced visible light absorption.
An Investigation of the Surface Properties of (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se $_{\bf 2}$ Thin Films (2012)

(Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> alloy absorber layers with various Ga/(Ga+In) and Ag/(Ag+Cu) ratios were deposited using multisource elemental evaporation and analyzed by glancing incidence X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. All films exhibit chalcopyrite reflections in the X-ray diffraction pattern and films with 0.5 ≤ Ga/(Ga+In) <; 1 and Ag/(Ag+Cu) >; 0.5 have additional reflections consistent with an ordered defect phase which is limited to the near-surface region of the film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that all films studied have low (Ag+Cu)/Se and (Ag+Cu)/(Ga+In) ratios near the surface relative to the bulk composition, consistent with an ordered defect compound identified as (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> . Additionally, the near-surface region of (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> films contains a higher Ag/(Ag+Cu) ratio than the bulk and the Ag(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> film contains excess Ag near the surface.
Activin-A: a novel dendritic cell–derived cytokine that potently attenuates CD40 ligand–specific cytokine and chemokine production (2007)

Activin-A is a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily member that plays a pivotal role in many developmental and reproductive processes. It is also involved in neuroprotection, apoptosis of tumor and some immune cells, wound healing, and cancer. Its role as an immune-regulating protein has not previously been described. Here we demonstrate for the first time that activin-A has potent autocrine effects on the capacity of human dendritic cells (DCs) to stimulate immune responses. Human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) and the CD1c(+) and CD123(+) peripheral blood DC populations express both activin-A and the type I and II activin receptors. Furthermore, MoDCs and CD1c(+) myeloid DCs rapidly secrete high levels of activin-A after exposure to bacteria, specific toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, or CD40 ligand (CD40L). Blocking autocrine activin-A signaling in DCs using its antagonist, follistatin, enhanced DC cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]) and chemokine (IL-8, IP-10, RANTES, and MCP-1) production during CD40L stimulation, but not TLR-4 ligation. Moreover, antagonizing DC-derived activin-A resulted in significantly enhanced expansion of viral antigen-specific effector CD8(+) T cells. These findings establish an immune-regulatory role for activin-A in DCs, highlighting the potential of antagonizing activin-A signaling in vivo to enhance vaccine immunogenicity.
Assessing Patient Satisfaction In An Outpatient Apheresis Setting (2010)

Processes and peer data are available to address patient satisfaction in the inpatient setting, but evaluating satisfaction in the outpatient setting has been historically over-looked. Our outpatient apheresis unit has established a mechanism to assess patient satisfaction and address the unobserved needs of our patients. We have developed patient satisfaction cards that are given to patients upon completion of their procedure. Patients have the opportunity to rate their care by answering the following questions:Was the procedure thoroughly explained by the apheresis staff?Were your needs met during the procedure?Were you treated in a courteous and professional manner?Can you please rate the overall apheresis experience? Ratings are on a scale from 1 to 5 with 1 being ‘very poor’ to 5 being ‘very good’. Patients are also given the opportunity to provide comments regarding their procedure and the entire apheresis process. The self-addressed scorecards are sent directly to our program's quality management coordinator for review and evaluation. Survey participants are anonymous with names being optional. The goal of our hospital is to have a ‘good’ or ‘very good’ response on 90% of all patient satisfaction surveys. Our goal is to exceed the needs of each patient and stay in-line with the hospital's desired goal. Tabulated results are reviewed with the apheresis staff and are presented quarterly at our transplant program's quality management meetings. Results and comments are posted within the apheresis unit for continuous visualization of patient satisfaction. Comments for improvement are entered into our unit's complaint log and are reviewed during our department meetings. Improved patient satisfaction is a high priority at our institution. Patient satisfaction assessment is an excellent mechanism for quality improvement activities. Evaluation of care, planning for improvement and documentation of actions taken are a required quality improvement activities for FACT accreditation for our blood and marrow collection facility. Comment cards give our patients an opportunity to express their appreciation for the care provided by our staff. This provides an excellent affirmation of a job well done.
Reproduction, Smell, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Genetic Defects in Different Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadal Syndromes (2014)

The neuroendocrine control of reproduction in mammals is governed by a neural hypothalamic network of nearly 1500 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secreting neurons that modulate the activity of the reproductive axis across life. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a clinical syndrome that is characterized by partial or complete pubertal failure. HH may result from inadequate hypothalamic GnRH axis activation, or a failure of pituitary gonadotropin secretion/effects. In man, several genes that participate in olfactory and GnRH neuronal migration are thought to interact during the embryonic life. A growing number of mutations in different genes are responsible for congenital HH. Based on the presence or absence of olfaction dysfunction, HH is divided in two syndromes: HH with olfactory alterations [Kallmann syndrome (KS)] and idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) with normal smell (normosmic IHH). KS is a heterogeneous disorder affecting 1 in 5000 males, with a three to fivefold of males over females. KS is associated with mutations in KAL1, FGFR1/FGF8, FGF17, IL17RD, PROK2/PROKR2, NELF, CHD7, HS6ST1, FLRT3, SPRY4, DUSP6, SEMA3A, NELF, and WDR11 genes that are related to defects in neuronal migration. These reproductive and olfactory deficits include a variable non-reproductive phenotype, including sensorineural deafness, coloboma, bimanual synkinesis, craniofacial abnormalities, and/or renal agenesis. Interestingly, defects in PROKR2, FGFR1, FGF8, CHD7, DUSP6, and WDR11 genes are also associated with normosmic IHH, whereas mutations in KISS1/KISSR, TAC3/TACR3, GNRH1/GNRHR, LEP/LEPR, HESX1, FSHB, and LHB are only present in patients with normosmic IHH. In this paper, we summarize the reproductive, neurodevelopmental, and genetic aspects of HH in human pathology.
Mild and General Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Methyl Aryl Ethers Enabled by the Use of a Palladacycle Precatalyst (2013)

A general method for the Pd-catalyzed coupling of methanol with (hetero)aryl halides is described. The reactions proceed under mild conditions with a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl halides to give methyl aryl ethers in high yield.
Galanin is an estrogen-inducible, secretory product of the rat anterior pituitary. (1988)

Galanin is a peptide widely distributed throughout vertebrate central and peripheral nervous systems. Although its precise physiologic role is unknown, it can stimulate the pituitary secretion of prolactin and growth hormone. We examined the control of rat galanin (rGal) gene expression in the anterior pituitary using RNA blot and in situ hybridization analyses and using specific RIA. Pituitaries of normal male and ovariectomized female rats contained little detectable rGal mRNA. Treatment of these animals with 17 beta-estradiol increased pituitary rGal mRNA up to 4000-fold. These increases depended on time and dose of estrogen administration and correlated with up to 50-fold increases in pituitary galanin-like immunoreactivity. Galanin-like immunoreactivity was detectable in the plasma of estrogen-treated animals. Pituitary levels of rGal mRNA in female rats varied greater than 30-fold during the estrous cycle, with a peak on estrus and a nadir on diestrus. Estrogen-induced rGal gene expression was also observed in transplantable MtTW15 prolactin- and growth hormone-containing tumors but not in neuronal tissues expressing this gene. These data demonstrate that rGal is a secreted product of rat anterior pituitary cells, where its gene expression is strongly affected by physiologic levels of circulating estrogen.
Calcium and the Exportable Protein in Rat Parotid Gland (1971)

Most of the calcium (&gt;80%) present in rat parotid gland slices was secreted concomitantly with the exportable protein. Detailed kinetics showed that secretion induced by catecholamines and by N 6 monobutyryl adenosine 3′:5′‐monophosphate proceeded at an approximately constant ratio of calcium to amylase (60 nmoles calcium/mg exported protein). It was calculated that the calcium which is tightly bound to amylase could account for only 11% of the exported calcium. Among the subcellular fractions of the gland, the secretory granules showed the highest calcium/protein ratio which was identical with that found for the material secreted by the slices. Both amylase and calcium were sedimented in a crude granule fraction to the extent of 50% of the total present in the homogenate of the gland. Various treatment that caused release of amylase from the crude secretory granule fraction also caused release of calcium to a similar extent. The calcium in secretory granules was not readily exchangeable when the granules were suspended in a medium containing 45 Ca. The possible role of calcium in the aggregation of the exportable proteins in the secretory granules is discussed in view of the information on the presence of relatively high concentrations of bivalent cations in some other gland systems.
Folic Acid Exposure Rescues Spina Bifida Aperta Phenotypes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model (2018)

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe congenital abnormalities, caused by failed closure of neural tube during early embryonic development. Periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation greatly reduces the risk of NTDs. However, the molecular mechanisms behind NTDs and the preventive role of FA remain unclear. Here, we use human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from fetuses with spina bifida aperta (SBA) to study the pathophysiology of NTDs and explore the effects of FA exposure. We report that FA exposure in SBA model is necessary for the proper formation and maturation of neural tube structures and robust differentiation of mesodermal derivatives. Additionally, we show that the folate antagonist methotrexate dramatically affects the formation of neural tube structures and FA partially reverts this aberrant phenotype. In conclusion, we present a novel model for human NTDs and provide evidence that it is a powerful tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying NTDs, test drugs for therapeutic approaches.
Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty For Crowe Type III Developmental Hip Dysplasia (1998)

From 1969 through 1980, 90 hips in 82 patients had cemented total hip arthroplasty for Type III developmental hip dysplasia. Seventy hips were reviewed at an average of 16.6 years (range, 5-23 years) after operation. Aseptic loosening developed in 53% of acetabular cups and 40% of femoral stems. Despite attempts to place acetabular components in the anatomic center, 18 cups (25.7%) were placed outside that area. Using a measurement method to determine the true acetabular region and approximate femoral head center, final acetabular loosening strongly correlated with initial cup placement. Loosening occurred in 15 of 18 cups (83.3%) initially positioned outside of the true acetabular region compared with loosening in 22 of 52 cups (42.3%) initially positioned within the true acetabular region. Acetabular loosening also correlated with initial lateral displacement or initial superior displacement of the hip center from the approximate femoral head center. Initial cup placement medial to the approximate femoral head center was predictive of successful long term acetabular component fixation. The method of acetabular reconstruction did not affect eventual cup loosening. Placement of the hip arthroplasty center of rotation in or near the true acetabular region is recommended.
Eradication of a Secondary Infringer's Safe Havens: The Need for a Multilateral Treaty Addressing Secondary Liability in Copyright Law (2009)

Article published in the Michigan State International Law Review.
MEASURING RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPREADABILITY OF SOFT FOODS USING A MODIFIED SQUEEZE‐FLOW APPARATUS (2009)

ABSTRACT The rheological characteristics of soft foods such as peanut butter, mayonnaise and margarine were evaluated by the UW Meltmeter, a modified squeezing‐flow device, applying a constant load under constant volume and changing area. Sample thickness profiles were measured as a function of time and the yield stress was calculated via a Herschel–Bulkley model as a measure of spreadability. Peanut butter exhibited the highest yield stress value (1.31–1.45 kPa) followed by margarine (0.80 kPa) and mayonnaise (0.31 kPa). Calculated values of biaxial extensional viscosity and consistency coefficient values calculated from the UW Meltmeter data followed the expected trends of relative spreadability of peanut butter, margarine, and mayonnaise. These results show that the UW Meltmeter is a relatively simple and reliable device for measuring yield stress and rheological properties of soft foods. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS A new method has been proposed to measure yield stress of spreadable foods.
IRON(III)-ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRA-ACETIC ACID MEDIATED AEROBIC OXIDATION OF α-HYDROXYKETONES: A SIMPLE AND CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF α-DIKETONES (2002)

ABSTRACT Iron(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in aqueous methanol offers a simple, environmentally acceptable synthetic tool to oxidize α-hydroxyketones α-diketones with molecular oxygen, in excellent yields and under mild conditions and without any side reactions.
IN VIVO VIRAL MICRORNA PROFILING IN A LARGE COHORT OF TRANSPLANT PATIENTS WITH CMV DISEASE (2010)

Lisboa, L. F.1; Kumar, D.1; Pang, X.2; Tyrrell, L.3; Huang, J.1; Åsberg, A.4; Hartmann, A.5; Humar, A.1 Author Information
IS-IS Extensions for Advertising Router Info (2016)

This document defines a new optional Intermediate System to
Intermediate System (IS-IS) TLV named CAPABILITY, formed of multiple
sub-TLVs, which allows a router to announce its capabilities within an
IS-IS level or the entire routing domain. This document obsoletes RFC
4971.